bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social determinants and oral health conditions in the elderly
Authors: Montano-Silva Rosa María , Abraham-Millán Yoneisy , Peña-Méndez Aliana , Laffita-Acanda Annia , Pérez-Pérez Bárbara Zenaida , Romero-Amaro Jennifer de la Caridad
Published: November 2024

Introduction: In older adults, the social determinants of health directly influence the health-disease process; oral health is no exception. Objective: Determine the behavior of social determinants and oral health conditions in older adults. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 221 individuals aged 60 years and over from office 19, La Demajagua, in June 2024. Questioning and clinical examination of the oral cavity were used, with prior informed consent of the participants and caregivers. The variables studied were: age, sex, occupation, economic well-being, family functioning, housing conditions, eating habits and oral health conditions. Results: The most represented age group was 60 to 74 years old with 72,8 %, with a predominance of males. Only 32,6 % of older adults worked and 11,8 % had good oral health conditions. 56,1 % of those examined reported not having economic well-being, and 73,8 % presented a regular oral health condition. Dysfunctional families predominated in 56,6 %, 46,2 % living in homes with regular conditions and 58,8 % with inadequate eating habits. Conclusions: The unfavorable behavior of the analyzed determinants reveals their negative influence on the oral health condition of older adults.
Research opportunity for Prevention and Control of No communicable Diseases
Authors: Qtait Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Palestine is facing an epidemiological transformation that affects its health to the major health diseases of Non communicable diseases (NCDs) and the majority of mortality rates. The aim to know the contextualize the research requirements and prevention for Non communicable diseases (NCDs)Methods: Using both systematic and other literature search, we identified and reviewed NCD and reported since 2000. Information was extracted from published papers. The extracted information was refined through further review and then underwent a textual narrative synthesis.Result: Cardiovascular disorders, asthma, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) are the main NCDs The key risk factors common for many chronic diseases are smoking, diet, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, and obesity.Important epidemiological descriptions have told us of the causes and distribution of NCDs and the insufficiencies in tackling NCDs have been demonstrated by their risk factors, including non-health determinants (poverty, schooling, jobs,  and health system assessments. In the shaping of the research agenda, many global initiatives and publications have given guidance.Conclusion: Major progress has been made in research related to Non communicable diseases in the nation. As we take its stock, it is evident that to optimize research outputs to address the increasing burden of chronic Non communicable diseases, a strategic path and thrust is needed. It needs simultaneous galvanization of monitoring, surveillance and cooperation activities, thus reinforcing efforts to provide universal health care for all people.
Music and Identity_ The Influence of Hip-Hop on the Formation of Urban Youth Culture
Authors: Kundu Rituparna
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Hip-hop, which emerged from the socio-economic hardships of African American, Afro-Caribbean, and Latino communities in the 1970s, has since become a global phenomenon that has a significant impact on the culture of urban adolescents worldwide. Review Literature: This investigation investigates the influence of hip-hop on the development of urban adolescent identity, examining its function as a platform for cultural engagement, social commentary, and self-expression. Methodology: This research examines the influence of hip-hop music, fashion, dance, and social media presence on the attitudes and behaviors of young people, utilizing a mixed-methods approach that includes a quantitative survey of 100 participants aged 16–35. Result and Discussion: Hip-hop's influence on fashion, language, and community is underscored by the findings, which also underscore its potential to inspire creativity and drive social change among urban youth. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the multifaceted influence of hip-hop, underscoring its significance in contemporary adolescent culture and its potential for future generations.
Ethno-Cultural Diversity: A Challenging Parameter for Asean Regional Integration
Authors: Das Sanjukta
Published: November 2024

The presence of diverse ethnic and cultural groups poses a challenging yet crucial obstacle to the process of integrating the ASEAN region. This review article examines the impact of the diverse range of races, languages, faiths, and cultural traditions in Southeast Asia on the political, economic, and social aspects of ASEAN's integration efforts. The primary objective of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is to foster regional tranquillity, stability, and economic collaboration. However, in order to accomplish these aims, ASEAN must effectively navigate the complex terrain of variety. The article commences by analysing the historical backdrop of ethno-cultural variety in the region, emphasizing the influence of colonial legacies and historical migrations on current demographic patterns. Subsequently, it examines the political ramifications of this variety, namely how ethnic and cultural disparities can both pose challenges and enhance the policy-making procedures within ASEAN. The review examines the impact of cultural diversity on trade, investment, and economic policies, highlighting how it can create hurdles as well as stimulate creativity and growth through varied perspectives. Economic integration is also a key focus of the discussion. The evaluation of social cohesiveness takes into account the impact of ethno-cultural variety on regional identity and solidarity. The article examines the several measures and structures that ASEAN has put in place to handle diversity, including cultural exchange programs and educational activities designed to promote mutual understanding and respect among member states. This essay offers a thorough examination of the relationship between ethno-cultural diversity and ASEAN integration, providing valuable insights into possible approaches to promoting unity amidst diversity.
Genre analysis of hybrid texts: Language used in online course introduction of international universities
Authors: Thongmak Sirikarn
Published: November 2024

This study thus aimed to examine a spoken discourse genre of new hybrid texts in the online course previews extracted from an online learning website. The corpora consisted of 12,735 words compiled through 30 pieces of the top five online course previews within the three sub-categories including Business, Academics, and How-to of Coursera websites. The results showed that there were marked features of the discourse as hybrid text which displayed the combination of promotional and academic properties. The unique rhetorical organization in terms of employing the obligatory move structures: detailing the course, establishing credentials, and indicating the benefit of learners was extensively found. Besides this, the grammatical feature of if- conditional forms and the lexical bundle “be going to”, were discovered to purposively support the rhetorical organization to create the persuasive effect on the target audience to enroll the full courses. Implications of the present study in relation to the genre analysis of the new hybrid text were also discussed.
Contemporary methods of predicting maximum oxygen uptake
Authors: Man Kit Ho Indy , Matković Andro , Matković Branka R.
Published: November 2024

Cardiorespiratory endurance is one of the most important fitness qualities for all populations including healthy individuals, the elderly, patients with chronic illness, recreational runners, and elite athletes. The uptake of oxygen by body tissues increases by increasing the activity or exercise intensity, also known as oxygen uptake (VO2). When the VO2 has reached the highest point that no additional oxygen can be further consumed by our cells, the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) is achieved. In assessing VO2max, sports scientists commonly conduct the direct measure using the incremental graded testing protocol on a treadmill or bike, and such laboratory based VO2max is also regarded as the gold standard. Nevertheless, equipment accessibility and the testing cost as well as the personnel or expertise to be involved are all considered factors that make the test over-complicated and cumbersome. In this regard, the prediction of VO2max using a wide range of methods with acceptable testing accuracy and time cost will be the most feasible alternative. Therefore, the purpose of this brief review is to critically discuss the common types of prediction methods including their practical applications, the reliabilities, validities, and potential limitations of each method.
Injuries in the Pamporovo and Borovets ski areas during the 2019-2020 season
Authors: Iankov Petar , Todorov Deyan
Published: November 2024

In Bulgaria, while a sub-regulation of the Tourism Law addresses the safety and security of ski slope users, insufficient attention is given to understanding the causes of accidents, gathering feedback, and implementing injury prevention strategies for snow sports. This study aims to analyze the types of accidents and injuries reported at the Borovetz and Pamporovo ski zones during the 2019/2020 season. Various factors were considered, including the time of injury occurrence, slope difficulty, type of injury, and type of ski or snowboard equipment used. Methods that were used were frequency analysis, document analysis, and comparative analysis. Injuries were categorized into four groups: head, torso, legs, and arms. The highest number of injuries involved the legs, followed by the arms. Knee injuries were the most common type of trauma on the slopes, followed by shoulder and lower leg injuries. Among all injuries, fractures were identified as the most severe, with lower leg and collarbone fractures being the most frequently reported. The peak occurrence of severe injuries was after 12:00 PM in both ski areas. This trend can be attributed to deteriorating slope conditions due to weather factors such as sun, wind, and positive temperatures, as well as increased slope usage by other snow sports enthusiasts.
Simultaneous autologous minced cartilage implantation and open wedge high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of knee cartilage defect
Authors: Ivković Alan , Črep Matej , Pećina Marko
Published: November 2024

Autologous Minced Cartilage Implantation (AMCI) presents a new approach to treating cartilage damage in the knee. Correcting any underlying lower extremity malalignment is essential for this treatment to succeed. We present a 50-year-old patient with pain in the left knee without a history of trauma. Radiological findings revealed a varus deformation of the knee, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MR) showed a cartilage lesion of the medial femoral condyle measuring 3 cm2. The patient first underwent open wedge osteotomy of the proximal left tibia, which corrected the varus deformity that caused cartilage damage due to increased mechanical load. Afterward, arthroscopy was performed while the healthy cartilage from the edge of the damage was taken and finely minced. The obtained cartilage mass was mixed with the patient’s platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Part of the PRP is additionally processed to produce autologous thrombin. An autologous implant in the form of a paste from minced cartilage and PRP is placed over the defect on the femoral condyle and infused with autologous thrombin to activate the coagulation cascade and fix the transplant in the defect. In a final step, autologous fibrin is then instilled over the implant, which additionally stabilizes it. Radiological findings showed postoperative healing of the proximal tibia, and the MRI revealed the filling of the femoral condyle defect. The patient was without complaints in daily activities, and postoperative subjective and objective findings significantly improved. Autologous minced cartilage implantation in combination with correction of the direction of the lower extremities has shown promising results in treating cartilage damage.
La innovación disruptiva, sus orígenes e importancia actual en la educación
Authors: De León Muñoz Carlos Humberto z , Ábrego Ramírez Adrián
Published: November 2024

El artículo tiene como objetivo primario enumerar los avances de la innovación disruptiva, así como su aplicación en la educación actual. Adicionalmente expone un panorama sobre la innovación disruptiva que tiene sus orígenes en la llamada destrucción creativa, término arraigado en civilizaciones milenarias. En otras palabras, el vocablo hace relación a que no puede existir desarrollo sin destrucción. Se presenta el impacto que esta ejerce sobre el proceso de transformación de las sociedades, así como sus principales exponentes y aportes para que sirva de cimiento en los sistemas educativos, que es una de las áreas de mayor influencia en el desarrollo de las economías y sociedades. La correlación entre los altos niveles educativos de los habitantes de un país con el desarrollo de esa nación es alta; la lentitud con que se modifican los procesos educativos tiene un impacto negativo en el crecimiento de las regiones del mundo; la educación, especialmente en Latinoamérica, necesita innovaciones disruptivas para reducir la pobreza y mejorar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes.
CONFLITOS ENTRE A PAUSA ERGONÔMICA DA NR 17 E AS DITREZES DO CCT DOS BANCÁRIOS
Authors: Fonseca Joiner Neves dos S. , Souza Acsa Liliane Carvalho Brito
Published: November 2024

The article aims to analyze the applicability of ergonomic breaks provided by Regulatory Standard No. 17 (NR 17) in the banking sector, considering the updated wording by MTP Ordinance No. 423 of 2021. NR 17, which ensures adequate ergonomic conditions in the workplace, establishes specific breaks for workers performing repetitive activities and suffering from physical and mental overload. However, these prescriptions often conflict with the provisions of the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CCT) of bankers, negotiated between the National Federation of Banks (FENABAN) and trade unions. The article examines the impacts of this conflict, highlighting possible nonconformities and the legal and labor implications arising from this normative tension.
PROBLEMS OF DIAGNOSIS OF PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors: Syrymbetova L , Matveeva A , Smolyaninova O
Published: November 2024

Данная статья посвящена одной из весьма актуальных проблем педагогической профессии. Речь идет о профессиональном выгорании педагогов. Несмотря на большое количество проводимых в этой области исследований, на сегодня нет общепринятого определения понятия «профессиональное выгорание», которое зачастую рассматривается как синоним эмоционального выгорания. Кроме того, в повседневной практике мы наблюдаем, что в силу сложности профессии практически все педагоги независимо от возраста испытывают трудности совладания с психологическими кризисами в работе. При этом мы также отмечаем, что нет постоянной системной работы по диагностике и профилактике профессионального выгорания педагогов. В связи с этим, основная проблема данной статьи определяется поиском ответов на вопросы, связанные с признанием необходимости диагностики профессионального выгорания на примере учителей физической культуры для успешной и эффективной его профилактики. Целью данной статьи является поиск ответов на вопросы возможности и необходимости диагностики искомого феномена, ее значимости для профилактики профессионального выгорания педагогов с учетом специфики преподаваемого в школе учебного предмета «Физическая культура». В качестве диагностического инструментария выбран широко применяемый опросник определение уровня психического выгорания (MBI) американских психологов К. Маслач и С. Джексон, адаптированный Н.Е. Водопьяновой. Основные результаты проведенного исследования свидетельствуют о наличии серьезных проблем, с которыми сталкиваются учителя физической культуры при встрече с профессиональным выгоранием. Общий вывод исследования на данном этапе связан с признанием настоятельной необходимости профилактики профессионального выгорания педагогов с предварительной диагностикой Данная статья подготовлена в рамках дипломного проекта № 2 - «Формы и методы профилактики профессионального выгорания учителей физической культуры», утвержденного приказом ректора Карагандинского университета Казпотребсоюза № 814 от 07.12.2023 года, и отражает результаты начальной диагностики профессионального выгорания учителей физической культуры, т.е. практической части выпускной работы.
The Impact of E-Commerce Leader's Marketing Attributes on Consumer Perception in China
Authors: Liu Xinxin , Ali Dhakir Abbas
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of China's e-commerce market, e-commerce leaders are playing an increasingly crucial role in a highly competitive environment. Marketing attributes, such as brand influence, customer service quality, and marketing strategies, have become key factors in shaping consumer perception. This paper aims to explore how these marketing attributes affect consumer cognition and behavior in China. By analyzing existing literature and market data, this study presents a conceptual framework that highlights how brand influence affects purchasing decisions by enhancing consumer trust; how customer service improves brand image through increased consumer satisfaction and loyalty; and how effective marketing strategies alter consumer purchase intentions through personalized recommendations and promotional activities. The paper also examines the unique characteristics of the Chinese market, such as cultural differences and market environment, and provides practical recommendations for e-commerce leaders. Finally, the paper suggests directions for future empirical research to further validate these conceptual assumptions.
Quantitative Studies on Hacking Methods and Types of Cyber-Attackers of Electronic Banking Networks
Authors: Alfeel Mahmoud I , M Abakar Suliman M , Alharbi Mafawez , Hageltoum Ibrahim Abdallah
Published: November 2024

Cyber-attacks on electronic banking networks are a growing concern in today's digital age. Cybercriminals try to penetrate the Electronic Banking infrastructure, by bypassing all protection mechanisms, and the media continue to report new bank cyberattacks and thefts. The study attempts to identify the impact of attacks and methods that threaten bank networks. To know the kinds and methods of the attackers of bank networks, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the selected banks and their branches, namely Omdurman National Bank, Bank of Khartoum, and Bank of Sudan. From the studied sample, competitors stood out as the most qualitative network attackers on the banks, while penetration through the Internet was one of the ways through which the attacks on the financial banks networks could be carried out. The sample of the study showed that the quality of bank attackers are the competitors, with a rate of 29.2%, which is considered the largest percentage of all assumptions and the highest network attacker’s method Through the internet with a rate of 52.7%. The study concluded that Competitors and Internet have highest impact per methods and kinds of attacks respectively. This conclusion supports the problem statement since the impact was known within the case study Banks.
plataformização e a indústria 4.0
Authors: Carvalho Augusto César Leite de , Menezes Caroline Cavalcante Alves de
Published: November 2024

Esse artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os reflexos das inovações tecnológicas advindas da chamada “Indústria 4.0” nas relações laborais contemporâneas, sobretudo a partir do advento das plataformas digitais, as quais inauguraram uma nova morfologia do trabalho, em que a figura do gestor é invisibilizada e o trabalho é gerido por meio dos algoritmos programados nos softwares.
مفهوم العبادة بين اهل السنة والمخالفين
Authors: الحميراوي ضياء الدين حسين خليل
Published: November 2024

يستعرض هذا البحث مفهوم العبادة كما تفهمه أهل السنة في مقابل الفرق الأخرى، حيث يسلط الضوء على أصل العبادة ومعناها في الدين الإسلامي وأهمية فهمها بشكل صحيح. يُبرز البحث الجوانب الأساسية المتعلقة بالعبادة، مثل أنواعها، وشروطها، وأركانها، ومبطلاتها، فضلاً عن تأصيل الخلاف بين أهل السنة والمخالفين في هذا المجال. كما يتناول البحث دراسات سابقة وتعريفات لأبرز العلماء مثل ابن تيمية وابن القيم، ويقدم مراجعات نقدية للشبهات المتعلقة بالعبادة في الإسلام، بهدف الوصول إلى فهم دقيق ومعمق للموضوع وتبصير القارئ بالخطأ والصواب في مفهوم العبادة
Yenidoğan Sarılığında Fototerapi Cihazlarının ve Banyonun Etkisi: Derleme Makale
Authors: Özdemir Serap , Balcı Serap
Published: November 2024

Yenidoğan bebeklerde başka bir sağlık sorunu olmadan tıbbi yaklaşım gerektiren en sık klinik bulgulardan biri sarılıktır. Sarılık, term bebeklerin yaklaşık %30-50’sinde, preterm bebeklerin ise yaklaşık %70-80’inde görülür. Bu genel olarak geçici bir durum olmasına rağmen, doğumdan sonra ilk haftalarda hastaneye yatışların en sık nedenlerinden birisidir ve tedavi edilmediğinde yenidoğanda kalıcı nöro-gelişimsel problemlere neden olmaktadır. Yenidoğan sarılığında kullanılan tedavi yöntemleri fototerapi ve kan değişimidir. İlk ve etkin uygulamalardan biri olan fototerapi tedavisi kliniklerde farklı etkinliklere sahip cihazlar ile gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu cihazların yenidoğan sarılığını azaltırken bazı yan etkileri de ortaya çıkardığı bilinmektedir. Yan etkilerin azaltılmasında ve bilirubinin düşürülmesinde hemşireler farklı tipteki banyo uygulamalarından yararlanmaktadır. Fototerapi cihazlarının ve banyo şeklinin farklı olduğu durumlarda sarılık düzeyinin düşme hızının bilinmesi klinik uygulamalara katkı sağlayabilir. Bu nedenle; bu derleme ile yenidoğan sarılığında bilirubin düzeyinin azaltılmasında kullanılan farklı tipteki fototerapi cihazlarına ve banyo uygulamalarına yönelik literatürün incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Yönelik Tutum ve İnançlarının Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesini Önleme Stratejilerine İlişkin Yararlılık Algılarına Etkisi
Authors: Yıldırım Canan , Semerci Remziye
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çocukluk çağı obezitesine yönelik tutum ve inançlarının çocukluk çağı obezitesini önleme stratejilerine ilişkin yararlılık algılarına olan etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki çalışma 322 hemşirelik öğrencisiyle yürütüldü. Veriler ‘Bilgi Formu’, ‘Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesinin Önlenmesi ile İlgili Eylem Planlarını Değerlendirme Formu’ ve ‘Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Yönelik Tutum ve İnançları Ölçeği’ ile toplandı.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamalası 21,26±1,89, %78,9’u kadın ve %55’i birinci sınıftır. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çoğu (%86) Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın oluşturduğu çocukluk çağı obezitesinin önlenmesi ile ilgili eylem planlarını yararlı bulmaktadır. Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Obez Kişilere Yönelik İnançlar Ölçek puan ortalaması ile çocukluk çağı obezite önleme stratejilerine ilişkin yararlılık algıları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamaktadır.
Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın oluşturduğu çocukluk çağı obezitesinin önlenmesi ile ilgili eylem planlarını yararlı buldukları ve çocukluk çağı obezitesine yönelik tutum ve inançlarının olumlu olduğu belirlendi. Ancak, tutum ve inançlarının, bu stratejilerin yararlılık algıları üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Hemşirelik lisans müfredatına çocukluk çağı obezitesinin önlenmesine yönelik eğitim programlarının eklenmesi ve bu programların öğrencilerin tutum ve inançlarını güçlendirecek şekilde düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.
Perbandingan Akurasi Double Exponential Smoothing dan ARIMA dalam Memprediksi Penjualan di E-Commerce Nibans Cake
Authors: Bobby Syakir Raden Achmad , Budiman Adam Arif
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan keakuratan metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) dan Double Exponential Smoothing pada peramalan penjualan kue di Toko Nibans Cake, sehingga toko dapat melakukan prediksi untuk periode selanjutnya dengan metode yang lebih akurat diantara kedua metode tersebut. Aplikasi penjualan menggunakan metode ARIMA dan Double Exponential Smoothing dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi jumlah penjualan di masa depan. Metode ARIMA lebih cocok digunakan untuk data yang memiliki pola musiman (seasonal) sedangkan metode Double Exponential Smoothing lebih cocok digunakan untuk data yang tidak memiliki pola musiman.
INTRACERVICAL FOLEY CATHETER: A VIABLE OPTION FOR LABOR INDUCTION POST-CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Ikram Khalida , Akbar Saima , Sumayya  , Syed Mehwish , Safi Saeeda , Saleem Javeria
Published: November 2024

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of the Intracervical Foley Catheter for labour induction in patients with a history of one caesarean surgery.
Material And Methods: This quasi-experimental study was undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex in Nowshera from October 2023 to April 2024. Labour was induced in all research patients using a size 18 single balloon Foley catheter for those who met the eligibility criteria following a thorough history and clinical evaluation. Under rigorously aseptic settings, we introduced a catheter into the intracervical canal beyond the internal cervical os and infused the bulb with water under pressure ranging from 30 to 60 cm³. During the subsequent 24 hours, we did not remove the catheter unless it dislodged spontaneously. The efficacy of the balloon foley catheter was assessed based on the incidence of vaginal delivery following a caesarean section.
Results: The study indicates a mean age of 30 years with a standard deviation of ± 8.12. Among the patients, 44 (34%) were at a gestational age of 37-38 weeks, while 85 (66%) were at 39-41 weeks. Seventy-nine (61%) patients had a BMI of ?27 kg/m², while fifty (39%) patients had a BMI exceeding 27 kg/m². The intracervical Foley was efficacious in 93 patients (72%) and ineffective in 36 individuals (28%).
Conclusion: In light of the findings obtained in the course of the present study, we found that intracervical Foley catheter is a reasonably safe option for women who had previous one caesarean section.
A emergencia global climática e o green new deal: reflexôes acerca da justiça climática e das disposições do Acordo de Paris
Authors: Milchert Artur Bernardo , Melo Milena Petters
Published: November 2024

Atualmente, o Acordo de Paris é o documento que representa a ciência das nações acerca da emergência global climática. Os recentes relatórios publicados pelo Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas – IPCC alertam sobre a crise iminente no caso de manutenção dos padrões das atividades antrópicas. Nesse contexto parecem pouco eficazes os programas e os mecanismos desenvolvidos, até agora, para a persecução de um aumento de temperatura média global abaixo de 1,5ºC em comparação aos níveis pré-industriais. O presente trabalho, resultado de pesquisa bibliográfica e de documentos, com a aplicação do método hipotético-dedutivo, privilegia o âmbito disciplinar do direito internacional em diálogo com os estudos socioambientais e a ecologia para focalizar a justiça climática como demanda e prerrogativa das novas gerações.  As hipóteses, ao final verificadas, seguem no sentido de afirmar que: 1) efetivamente ainda não foram produzidos resultados que contemplem plenamente os objetivos perseguidos pela UNFCCC; 2) para enfrentar os impactos da emergência climática, os pressupostos da justiça climática e as disposições do Acordo de Paris representam um impulso importante para um imprescindível Green New Deal global. A conclusão enfatiza que o enfrentamento da emergência global climática perpassa por uma abordagem multidisciplinar.
Load bank system modification for appropriatediesel generator testing by programmable resistive load
Authors: Rosić Marko , Bjekić Miroslav
Published: November 2024

The paper presents adaptation of a commercial AC load bank system modified to deliver controlled load to the diesel generators in order to prevent generator wet-stacking. The described solution involves increasing the existing load resolution from 6*53 kW to a resolution of 56 steps with 5.7 kW, making an approximate total load of 319 kW. The load can be controlled in steps of ±5.7 kW, ±17 kW, and ±51 kW. Measurement of electrical quantities was realized with PM51100 power meter. For the purpose of recording electrical quantities, a low-price solution with a RecMod2021 device using Modbus communication protocol was developed. The RecMod2021 device is programmed to read the PM51100 registers and log read quantities to the belonging SD card. The format of the recorded electrical quantities was adapted for later graphical representation and analysis of the power supply quality, as well as the stability of the generator automatic voltage regulation (AVR) system under various load scenarios.
Efficiency of Vehicle Actuated traffic control on isolated intersection
Authors: Ćiprovski Dejan , Makarov Aleksej , Vučetić Miljan
Published: November 2024

This paper is described different strategies for traffic control and simulation, namely - Vehicle Actuated (VA) compared to Fixed Time (FT) traffic control. We are comparing and evaluating the impact of FT and adaptive traffic signal control strategies for one of the biggest and busiest intersections in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan. The parameters used for comparing these strategies are the average vehicle travel times and average vehicle queue lengths. TRL TRANSYT 15 software was used to determine the fixed signal timing plan based on intersection geometry, inter-green matrix, and traffic flow. PTV VISSIM software is used for VA algorithm development and simulation to get the maximum and average vehicle travel times as well as queue lengths. It is shown that the parameter optimization can reduce the queue lengths down to 65% and the travel time down to 51%.
Performance Analysis of Binary Watermarking Algorithm for Color Image Protection Against Nongeometric Attacks
Authors: Veličković Zoran , Blagojević Dejan , Veličković Marko
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the performance of the recommended algorithm for color image protection by inserting a binary watermark - QR code into the chrominance channel of the carrier image was determined. Algorithm performance is determined in cases of nongeometric attacks such as JPG compression, Gaussian noise, Speckle noise and Salt and Pepper. For certain attack intensities, differential threshold values were determined when the watermark can be extracted without errors. Values of a certain differential threshold do not cause significant degradation of image quality, and compared to the degradation caused by individual attacks, they are significantly smaller. The information encoded by the QR code can be used to identify the author and source after decoding. The results obtained in the experimental part of the work confirm the high resistance of the proposed algorithm to nongeometric attacks. The results of the experiment confirm that the presented concept can be successfully used in copyright protection, that is, in the protection of color images from copying and illegal use and distribution. In the continuation of the research, the performance of the algorithm for geometric attacks will be determined and the ability of the QR code to correct errors in extracted watermarks will be evaluated.
The principle of justice in the construction of a special legal status (historical and theoretical aspect)
Authors: Schmidt Anna Valeryevna
Published: November 2024

The subject of the study is the principle of justice. The idea of justice is revealed in the context of the legal regulation of the rights and obligations of persons with special legal status. The essential aspects of the principle of equity at the individual and regulatory level are analyzed. It is noted that the principle of justice in relation to special legal status means the following: 1) any specific rights and obligations included in it must be established on certain grounds; 2) the content of these rights and obligations must correspond to the nature of these grounds. Thus, violations of justice in the construction of a special legal status can be of two kinds: either arbitrary (groundless) granting of rights or assignment of duties, or, if there are such grounds, excessive or insufficient nature of rights and duties.  The research methodology includes the following approaches: comparative analysis, abstraction, deduction, induction, idealization, formalization, axiomatic and logical method. It seems important to distinguish between the aspects of justice: qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative characteristic of justice is to ensure that the grounds of a special legal status, on the one hand, and its content, on the other, are homogeneous in their value nature; for example, that an act of positive social significance (merit) generates a positive legal assessment expressed in the provision of additional benefits (encouragement), and vice versa. The quantitative measurement of justice assumes that the volume of social benefits or encumbrances inherent in a special legal status reflected, at least with some degree of accuracy, the similar significance of what served as the basis for this. From a practical point of view, the fairness of a special legal status can be revealed at two levels: individual (law enforcement) or normative (law-making).
Efficient intelligent calculation method for conformal metasurface scattering field based on transfer learning
Authors: Liu Kai-Yue , Li Teng-Yao , Zheng Na-E , Tian Zhi-Fu , Cai Tong , Wang Yan-Zhao , Cao Chao-Hua ,   Fifth College, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China,   Fourth College, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China,   Air and Missile Defense College, Airforce Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, China,   Unit 95607 of the People’s Liberation Army, Chengdu 610000, China
Published: November 2024

Conformal metasurfaces with flexible structures can fit complicated platforms and have obvious advantages in moving platforms scattering manipulations. However, the far-field simulation of conformal metasurface is time-consuming and difficult to optimize, thereby making the its agile design difficult. Here, an efficient and intelligent scattering field calculation method is proposed based on transfer learning for conformal metasurfaces. Firstly, according to the consistency in physical mechanism between antenna theory and full wave simulation, an initial mapping model between phase distribution and far-field of metasurface is constructed and pre-trained based on a large quantity of theoretical data in source domain. Secondly, by pre-training, parameter freezing and model fine-tuning, the far-field prediction model for full wave simulation is transferred and achieved successfully, based on a small quantity of full wave simulation data in target domain. Finally, the transfer learning model for far-field prediction is transferred once again for conformal metasurfaces with different structures. Results indicate that the proposed method only consumes 0.1% of full wave simulation time for conformal metasurface far-field calculation. In fewer samples, the model with transfer learning can improve the average accuracy by 19.8%, and the training data account for only 42.9% for the models without transfer learning, which reduces the training data collection time by 50.1%. Moreover, our far-field calculation method demonstrates good transfer performance between conformal metasurfaces with different structures.
Ais: streamlining segmentation of cryo-electron tomography datasets
Authors: Last Mart GF , Abendstein Leoni , Voortman Lenard M , Sharp Thomas H
Published: November 2024

Segmentation is a critical data processing step in many applications of cryo-electron tomography. Downstream analyses, such as subtomogram averaging, are often based on segmentation results, and are thus critically dependent on the availability of open-source software for accurate as well as high-throughput tomogram segmentation. There is a need for more user-friendly, flexible and comprehensive segmentation software that offers an insightful overview of all steps involved in preparing automated segmentations. Here, we present Ais: a dedicated tomogram segmentation package that is geared towards both high performance and accessibility, available at github.com/bionanopatterning/Ais. In this report, we demonstrate two common processing steps that can be greatly accelerated with Ais: particle picking for subtomogram averaging, and generating many-feature segmentations of cellular architecture based on
in situ
tomography data. Featuring comprehensive annotation, segmentation, and rendering functionality, as well as an open repository for trained models at aiscryoet.org, we hope that Ais will help accelerate research and dissemination of data involving cryoET.
Monoclonal antibodies derived from B cells in subjects with cystic fibrosis reduce Pseudomonas aeruginosa burden in mice
Authors: Hale Malika , Takehara Kennidy K , Thouvenel Christopher D , Moustafa Dina A , Repele Andrea , Fontana Mary F , Netland Jason , McNamara Sharon , Gibson Ronald L , Goldberg Joanna B , Rawlings David J , Pepper Marion
Published: November 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(PA) is an opportunistic, frequently multidrug-resistant pathogen that can cause severe infections in hospitalized patients. Antibodies against the PA virulence factor, PcrV, protect from death and disease in a variety of animal models. However, clinical trials of PcrV-binding antibody-based products have thus far failed to demonstrate benefit. Prior candidates were derivations of antibodies identified using protein-immunized animal systems and required extensive engineering to optimize binding and/or reduce immunogenicity. Of note, PA infections are common in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), who are generally believed to mount normal adaptive immune responses. Here we utilized a tetramer reagent to detect and isolate PcrV-specific B cells in pwCF and, via single-cell sorting and paired-chain sequencing, identified the B cell receptor (BCR) variable region sequences that confer PcrV-specificity. We derived multiple high affinity anti-PcrV monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from PcrV-specific B cells across 3 donors, including mAbs that exhibit potent anti-PA activity in a murine pneumonia model. This robust strategy for mAb discovery expands what is known about PA-specific B cells in pwCF and yields novel mAbs with potential for future clinical use.
Heparan sulphate binding controls in vivo half-life of the HpARI protein family
Authors: Colomb Florent , Jamwal Abhishek , Ogunkanbi Adefunke , Frangova Tania , Savage Alice R , Kelly Sarah , Wright Gavin J , Higgins Matthew K , McSorley Henry J
Published: November 2024

The parasitic nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri secretes the HpARI family, which bind to IL-33, either suppressing (HpARI1 and HpARI2) or enhancing (HpARI3) responses to the cytokine. We previously showed that HpARI2 also bound to DNA via its first complement control protein (CCP1) domain. Here, we find that HpARI1 can also bind DNA, while HpARI3 cannot. Through the production of HpARI2/HpARI3 CCP1 domain-swapped chimeras, DNA-binding ability can be transferred, and correlates with in vivo half-life of administered proteins. We found that HpARI1 and HpARI2 (but not HpARI3) also binds to the extracellular matrix component heparan sulphate (HS), and structural modelling showed a basic charged patch in the CCP1 domain of HpARI1 and HpARI2 (but not HpARI3) which could facilitate these interactions. Finally, a mutant of HpARI2 was produced which lacked DNA and HS binding, and was also shown to have a short half-life in vivo. Therefore, we propose that during infection the suppressive HpARI1 and HpARI2 proteins have long-lasting effects at the site of deposition due to DNA and/or extracellular matrix interactions, while HpARI3 has a shorter half-life due to a lack of these interactions.
Concordance between clinical diagnoses and autopsies anatomopathological findings at a tertiary-level university hospital
Authors: Franco Julieth Alexandra , Barbosa Mario Miguel , Redondo Cesar
Published: November 2024

Introduction. A clinical autopsy is a fundamental diagnostic tool for confirming the diagnosis of diseases of public health interest. However, the clinical-pathological concordance has not been evaluated.Objective. To determine the concordance between clinical diagnoses and anatomopathological findings from autopsies conducted at a tertiary-level hospital institution.Materials and methods. A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study where we analyzed autopsy cases performed between 2015 and 2019. The variables studied were age, gender, origin, and clinical and anatomopathological diagnoses. Results. The concordance degree was slight (κ = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.21-0.42), which coincides with internationally reported findings in healthcare institutions with a similar patient population and availability of diagnostic resources. The clinical-pathological discrepancy, as evidenced according to the Goldman et al. classification, then modified by Battle et al., was 57.3% (47/82), corresponding to major discrepancies, a value within the expected limits.Conclusions. The concordance between clinical diagnoses and anatomopathological findings in autopsies is slight, and the discrepancies are within the expected range. This study highlights the importance of improving clinical and syndromic diagnosis of public health interest.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards rabies: A preliminary cross-sectional appraisal in Colombia
Authors: Meriño-Olivella Samir , Sánchez-Bonilla María del Pilar , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel Camilo , Correa-Valencia Nathalia M.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Rabies virus infection can cause fatal brain disease in mammals. Any species is susceptible to infection. Any effort aimed at recognizing infected animals and performing first actions in the event of transmission is mandatory.Objective. To determine knowledge, attitudes, and practice profiles regarding rabies, or hydrophobia, in a municipality of Colombia, using a multiple correspondence analysis. Materials and methods. A descriptive observational study involving 71 pet owners was carried out in the municipality of Ibagué (Tolima). A questionnaire-based survey collected data on rabies knowledge, attitudes, practices, and demographic information. The survey was conducted between October and November 2021, and the data analysis involved descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis.Results. The study revealed a commendable level of rabies awareness among the urban residents in the study municipality. However, there are causes of concern as they allow stray animals to enter their homes and are not aware of the importance of notifying dead animals. The respondents demonstrated a humane approach to bite management and emphasized the importance of wound cleaning. Additionally, they expressed a strong desire for more information to enhance their knowledge and awareness of the disease.Conclusion. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for improving rabies prevention efforts and promoting public health. Health education, evidence-basedstrategies, and community participation are essential for successful disease control and educational gaps addressing related to sociocultural factors.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in street dwellers attending a shelter in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Zapata-Valencia Jorge Iván , Jurado-Orejuela Diana Maritza , Flórez-Echeverry Ofelia , Aristizábal-Giraldo Erica Marcela , Gallego-Franco Jhonathan León , Ramírez-Uribe María Camila Yolanda , Rentería-Molina Jemina , Sandoval-Villareal Alejandra , Ulabarri-Valencia Yermaín , Zambrano-Camelo Juan Carlos
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Intestinal parasitic infections represent a public health problem, especially among vulnerable populations. There are few studies on the prevalence and determinants of intestinal parasites infections in street dwellers, who may experience significant health and socioeconomic implications. Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasites in this population is crucial for targeted interventions to mitigate the spread of these infections.Objective. To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in street dwellers attending a shelter in Cali, Colombia.Materials and methods. We selected 66 participants who met the inclusion criteria. We collected serial stool samples for laboratory evaluation and sociodemographic data, and information on their hygiene habits and addictions.Results. Seventy-six percent of the participants had intestinal parasites or commensals, with 30% presenting monoparasitism, 46% polyparasitism, and 20% eosinophilia. Blastocystis spp. was the most common organism (68.18%), followed by Endolimax nana (34.85%) and Entamoeba coli (18.18%). The most common pathogens were the Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar/E. moshkovskii complex (10.61%) and hookworms (9.09%). We evaluated prevalence-related determinants.Conclusions. Intestinal parasitism is a health problem among street dwellers in Cali. A serial examination is recommended for diagnosing intestinal parasitic infection, especially in cases of low parasite loads. Campaigns should be established to reduce the prevalence of these parasites in populations at risk of complications.
Relación entre consumo moderado de alcohol, polimorfismos genéticos y peso corporal en una muestra poblacional de Puerto Madryn, Argentina
Authors: Pérez Luis Orlando , Ruderman Anahí , Useglio Mariana , Ramallo Virginia , Paschetta Carolina , De Azevedo Soledad , Navarro Pablo , Morales Leonardo , Trujillo-Jiménez Magda Alexandra , Pazos Bruno , Teodoroff Tamara , González-José Rolando
Published: November 2024

Introducción. La relación entre la obesidad y el consumo de alcohol es un tema de gran interés para la salud pública. Las bebidas alcohólicas aportan calorías adicionales a la dieta, lo que podría ser un factor relevante en el riesgo de sobrepeso. Sin embargo, su asociación con la ganancia de peso es controversial y está influenciada por múltiples factores. Objetivo. Analizar la relación entre la ingestión moderada de alcohol y el índice de masa corporal, y las variables que pueden influir en dicha relación.Materiales y métodos. La muestra estuvo constituida por 155 personas de Puerto Madryn (Argentina). Cada participante contestó un cuestionario sobre salud, estilo de vida, factores demográficos y socioeconómicos. Se tomaron medidas antropométricas y se tipificaron los polimorfismos de 18 genes relacionados con el metabolismo del alcohol. Resultados. Se encontró que el consumo moderado de alcohol está asociado con un índice de masa corporal más bajo, particularmente en el sexo femenino. Un aumento de 14 gramos de alcohol estuvo asociado con un riesgo de 0,68 para la obesidad y 0,71 para el sobrepeso. La variante T del marcador rs4646543 (ALDH1A1), un gen involucrado en el metabolismo del alcohol y en la adipogénesis, se asoció con una mayor frecuencia de consumo de bebidas alcohólicas.Conclusión. Los hallazgos del presente trabajo sugieren que el consumo moderado de alcohol no contribuye significativamente al peso corporal en la muestra estudiada. Además, la asociación con ciertas variantes genéticas, como las del gen ALDH1A1, podría explicar biológicamente la relación inversa observada entre el peso y el consumo de alcohol.