bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE DNA METHYLATION STATUS IN PRESENT DAY POPULATIONS LIVING IN AREAS OF VIETNAM SUBJECTED TO AGENT ORANGE SPRAYING DURING THE WAR IN NAM DONG AND A LUOI, THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Tin , Le Phan Minh Triet , Nguyen Viet Nhan , Giuliani Cristina , Luiselli Donata , Romeo Giovanni
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Agent Orange was the most extensively used among herbicides sprayed on Vietnam territory during the Vietnam War. Its by-product, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-paradioxin (Dioxin), is an extremely toxic and persistent chemical. The effects of this spraying on both Vietnamese and United States Veterans health has been reported in many publications. However, there wasn’t any study of the effects at the molecular level of the residual Dioxin in the environment on present Vietnamese civilians living in contaminated areas.
Objective: To investigate the association between residual Agent Orange/Dioxin in the environment and the alterations of DNA methylation in the peripheral blood of the present day Vietnamese population living in spraying areas.
Methods: Cross-sectional study. The subjects were 188 individuals who came to Hue University Hospital for health care: 94 individuals for case group from sprayed areas (A Luoi and Nam Dong, Thua Thien Hue Province), and 94 individuals for the control group from non-sprayed areas (Quang Binh to North Vietnam). MALDI-TOF MS technique was used to detect the alterations of DNA methylation of CYP1A1 gene.
Results: Among 22 CpG position of CYP1A1 gene were investigated, there were the DNA hypomethylation at CpG_2.3.4, CpG_5, CpG_12.13 in case group compared to the control (p<0.05). After dividing case group into 2 subgroups, we found the significant DNA hypomethylation at CpG_2.3.4, CpG_5, CpG_9, CpG_10, CpG_11, CpG_12.13, CpG_17, CpG_18.19 in subgroup CASES_F_P compared to CASES_NON_F_P also control group (p< 0.05).
Conclusions: Individuals living in A Luoi and Nam Dong– the Dioxin contaminated areas– had DNA hypomethylation in CYP1A1 gene. The DNA hypomethylation seem not due to the effects of residual Dioxin in the environment in present day, it was likely to be inherited by epigenetic way from the DNA methylation alterations on their parents who had directly exposure to that spraying. This theory should be verified through extensive studies with CASES_F_P family and more genes will be investigated.

Key words: Agent Orange, Dioxin, DNA methylation, CYP1A1
IVC DIAMETER AND CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE IN SHOCK PATIENTS
Authors: Le Van Tuan , Nguyen Anh Vu
Published: February 2020

Aims: To determinate the correlation between IVC diameter and CVP in patients with shock.
Patients and Method: A study of 64 patients with low blood pressure, admitted to Quang Nam general hospital. The CVP catheter was placed, the IVC diameter at the end of expiration and at the end of inspiration was measured with the ultrasound at bed, determine the maximum diameter at the end of expiration, the smallest diameter at the end of inspiration.
Results: There was a good correlation between the IVC diameter and the central venous pressure: (r = 0.74; p <0.01). There was a correlation between the IVC index and and central venous pressure (r = -0.862; p <0.01). IVC index ≥ 38.19% had a central venous pressure predicton value of < 8 cm H20 (sensitvity 97.3%, specifcity 85.2%).
Conclusion: IVC diameter may be used to predict the CVP

Key words: IVC, echocardiography
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF INPATIENTS IN HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Hoang Thi Bach Yen , Bui Thi Phuong Anh , Tran Thi Tao , Ho Thi Thanh Tam , Luong Thi Bich Trang , Pham Thi Thanh Mai
Published: February 2020

Background: Nutritional status is a set of functional, structural and biochemical characteristics that reflect the level of nutritional needs of the body. Both undernutrition and overnutrition affect human health in general and the health of patients in particular. Malnutrition prolongs hospital stay, reduces resistance and increases the risk of complications. Therefore, screening and evaluating the nutrition status of patients is important in the treatment process. Objectives: 1. To screen and assess the nutritional status of inpatients at the Hue University Hospital; 2. To find out some factors related to the patient’s nutritional status. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 700 inpatients at departments of internal medicine and surgery, Hue University Hospital. NRS2002 tool was used for screening nutritional risk, Body Mass Index (BMI) was used for assessing nutritional status and questionnaires was used to understand some of the risk factors. Results: Prevalence of inpatients had nutritional risk was 37.4%, in which 38.1% at internal medicine department and 36.8% at surgery departments. Assessment of nutritional status by using BMI showed that 28.1% of inpatients was undernutrition (24.2% at internal medicine departments, and 32.4% at surgery departments); Some risk factors for undernutrition of inpatients were old age (≥ 60 group was higher than <60 (p <0.001), smoking (smokers were at higher risk than patients used to smoke and nonsmokers (p<0.001); living place (patients who live in rural areas had a 1.6 times higher risk of undernutrition than those living in urban areas (p<0.001). Conclusions: Prevalence of inpatients with nutritional risk in internal medicine and surgery was quite high. All inpatients should be screened for nutritional status for better treatment.
STUDY ON RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PANCREATITIS
Authors: Vinh Khanh , Tran Van Huy
Published: February 2020

Background: Chronic pancreatitis is a chronic, progressive, irreversible benign inflammatory process, resulting in structural changes with disorders of functional exocrine and endocrine parenchyma by a fibrotic and inflammatory tissue. Based on clinical characteristics and morphology to diagnose chronic pancreatitis.
Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 47 patients with chronic pancreatitis diagnosed based on Rosemont Criteria in endoscopic ultrasound.
Results: The prevalence of male was higher than female (37/10) and most common in the age group of 41 - 60 about 65.9%. The prevalence of patients with a history of alcohol abuse was highest with 55.3%. The clinical characteristics of patients with chronic pancreatitis: abdominal pain is 100%, nausea and vomiting are 53.1%. The location of pain in the upper abdominal pain is 93.6%. Severe back pain is 21.3%. About biochemical characteristics, an increase of amylase about 57.5%, lipase about 68.1%, diabetes mellitus about 34.1%, cholesterol about 12.8%, triglycerid about 29.8%, LDL-c about 19.2% and HDL-c lower than 0.9 mmol/L about 38.3%. The results showed that the amylase, lipase and LDL-c levels indicated a positive correlation (r = 0.303, r = 0.257 and p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Alcohol was the most important risk factors. Abdominal pain was constant while hyperamylasemia was found only in 57.5% patients.

Key words: chronic pancreatitis, risk factors
VOLNÉ SDÍLENÍ ODBORNÝCH ČLÁNKŮ – SCI-HUB PIRÁTSTVÍ NEBO TREND?
Authors: Kofránek Jiří , Papík Richard
Published: February 2020

Informační technologie zásadně mění dosavadní způsob pu-blikování odborných sdělení i vydavatelské obchodní modely. Prudce se rozšiřuje podíl open-source časopisů. Zároveň vzni-kají komunity, jejíž členové si vzájemně vyměňují publikované články a obcházejí tak placené časopisecké přístupy. Vznikají také i pirátské komunity, které zásadním způsobem narušují autorská práva vydavatelů – jako např. Sci-Hub, těžko se ale tomu dá bez přispění tvrdých restrikčních opatření garantova-nými státem zamezit. Ve vědecké komunitě tak vzniká obdobná situace, jako i v minulosti s pirátským kopírováním písní a filmů. Řešením v budoucnu nebude tvrdá restrikce, ale změna vydava-telské obchodní politiky.
JAK PROBĚHLY PRVNÍ MĚSÍCE ZAVÁDĚNÍ E-RECEPTU
Authors: Svačina Štěpán
Published: February 2020

Pro další rozvoj Českého zdravotnictví je klíčový rozvoj e-Health. Dojde k zvýšení efektivity a k zvýšení bezpečnosti zdravotnic-tví. E-recept se tak poměrně neočekávaně stal prvním krokem tímto směrem. Přes mnoho problémů první měsíce využívání e-receptu ukázaly, že je to cesta správná.
WEBOVÁ APLIKACE POSKYTUJÍCÍ PODPORU SPRÁVNÉHO VÝBĚRU A REALIZACE STATISTICKÉ METODY
Authors: Štěpánek Lubomír , Štuka Čestmír , Vejražka Martin
Published: February 2020

Každý badatel čas od času čelí problému správného výběru statistické metody, která by měla být aplikována, aby vhodně analyzovala jeho data. Naší snahou je zjednodušit tento proces ve smyslu vytvoření webové aplikace, která nabízí pomocnou ruku výzkumníkovi, který řeší statistickou analýzu ve své práci.Aplikace je vytvořena pomocí jazyka R a jednoho z jeho ba-líčků, Shiny, a je volně dostupná online. R je otevřený programo-vací jazyk a prostředí věnované zejména statistickým výpočtům a následným grafickým náhledům.Aplikace je dostupná na R-serveru 1. lékařské fakulty Univer-zity Karlovy na http://shiny.statest.cz:3838/statisticke_nastroje/a je založena na vývojovém diagramu navigujícím k aplikova-telné statistické metodě. Integrovaný vývojový diagram umož-ňuje výzkumníkovi vybrat nejvhodnější statistickou metodu ve smyslu průchodu diagramem krok po kroku tak, jak výzkumník dělá rozhodnutí odpovídáním na kladené otázky. Po určení nej-vhodnější metody je přímým odkazem přesměrován na záložku aplikace, která nabízí provedení dané metody nad daty, která badatel do aplikace nahrál.Poskytnutí uživatelsky přátelské aplikace a vývojového dia-gramu mapujícího rozhodovací proces potenciálních statistic-kých metod a vybírající tu nejvhodnější považujeme za cestu, jak tento proces zjednodušit. Přímé spojení – pomocí odkazu – mezi návrhem metody a záložkou s její realizací může zlepšit uživatelský komfort.
UMĚLÁ INTELIGENCE V MEDICÍNĚ
Authors: Hendl Jan
Published: February 2020

Termín umělá inteligence (AI) je aplikovatelný k široké škále postupů v medicíně, jako jsou robotika, medicínská diagnos-tika, medicínská statistika a humánní biologie. AI (a robotika) zcela mění prostředí medicíny a zdravotní péče. Vlna inovací transformuje proces klinického rozhodování, monitorování pa-cientů a péče, mění i přístup zdravotní péče o celou populaci (preventivní péče). Tyto změny také budou měnit role ošetřují-cího personálu. Bude se měnit potřebné vzdělání a dovednosti. AI uvolní kliniky pro ostatní typy práce, což jim umožní více se věnovat smysluplné péči o pacienta.Příspěvek upozorňuje na trendy a perspektivy uplatnění umělé inteligence v medicíně.
Development of the Information Support System for the Procedure of Water Bodies’ Use Rights Entitlement (the Amur Basin Water administration zone of responsibility as a study case)
Authors:   Krolevetskaya Y.V., Azeyeva E.Y., Fedchenko T.Y.
Published: February 2020

Special features of implementation of one of the functions of Federal Agency of Water Resources, that is the right for water bodies’ use, as well as difficulties specialists face within the framework of this right realization have been considered. Results of development of the information support system procedure for water bodies’ use right entitlement in the Amur BWA zone are presented. They enable to simplify and properly arrange the decision making process in performing certain administrative procedures when rendering this governmental service. The information support system is based on the mapped register of the used water bodies with the use of geo/information system presented by a set of the vector layers and attributive base. The register contains data on marine water bodies water areas entitled for use on the territory of the Russian Federation constituent members covered by the responsibility of the Amur BWA (Kamchatka, Maritime, Khabarovsk krays, Sakhalin Oblast and Chukotka Autonomous District). Data on fish-breading reaches and sea ports boundaries are included into the register, too. Thus, for the first time the information system enabling simultaneously operate various spatial data in the sphere of water use to facilitate managerial solutions adoptions has been developed.
On the Issue of Calculation of the Suspended Sediment Load Discharge
Authors:   M.V. Shmakova
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the questions of the contribution of suspended sediment in the processes of formation of the channel, and includes several formulas of suspended sediment discharge calculation and the results of calculations by these formulas. An analytical formula of sediments, in which the absolute exponent of the degree of arguments is equal to one shown the lower error probability. The calculated probability of calculation error is explicitly related to the average relative deviation between the calculated and observed values of sediment flow: the formulas with a lower error probability show better correspondence to the observed values. At the same time, the parameters of the analytical formula of sediment flow integral with respect to the type of bottom sediments represent a more stable dependence of the hydraulic variables of the flow state and sediments in contrast to the formulas of a similar purpose with data on sediment size included in them. This is explained by the fact that even quantum estimates of particle size are often unreliable and have high variability within one phase of water content, whereas the parameters focused on the qualitative state of the system (category of sediment size) characterize the properties of the bottom soil on average (integrally) over the cross-section of the flow.
Inclusión digital educativa. Clúster de asistencia para los más pobres
Authors: Morales-López Julio
Published: February 2020

The changes of the human capital that students of telesecundaria education in an indigenous municipality cataloged as in extreme poverty are analyzed. These changes were motivated by the implementation of an educational digital inclusion project operated by a group of Non-Governmental Organizations, which are called the “assistance cluster”.
An ethnographic methodology is developing in the municipality of Coatecas Altas that is located in the Mexican state of Oaxaca, performing fieldwork for 16 months between 2017-2018 with a sample of 24 students. The findings show a favorable impact on future school perception, caused by the knowledge acquired through the school digital inclusion project, it should be noted that at least 19 students prefer to continue studying attrition or child labor, reinforced interest in continuing their studies in subsequent stages such as high school or higher level. An evident increase in human capital is concluded, the positive changes in the future perceptions of the students, in addition to the fact that the work of the Non-Governmental Organizations is of utmost importance given the inability of the State to implement educational projects in this type of context.
Identidad atávica en los estudiantes bilingües del espacio rural en el Altiplano Aymara de Ilave
Authors: Huanca-Arohuanca Jesús , Sucari Wilson , Huayanca Pedro , Yabar Percy , Ticona Erik , Supo Felipe
Published: February 2020

The summary of configuration of cultural atavistic identity, finds a significant space in Aymara students who go through moments of sociocultural and educational syncretism in the surandine spectral region of Peru. The objective is channeled in determining the level of atavistic identity in bilingual students of the rural area in the Aymara Highlands of Ilave. The study corresponds to the quantitative approach of a descriptive nature and the technique used was the structured survey with their respective questionnaires that served as an instrument for the survey of objective information, taking as a population universe 138 original students. In conclusion, 58% of students maintain the traits of cultural atavistic identity by the practice of their beliefs, customs, traditions and because they do not neglect their original culture, even if it is constantly threatened by hegemonizing cultures from the West.
Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring in critically ill patients
Authors: Purwandhono Azham , Machin Abdulloh , Islamiyah Wardah Rahmatul , Hidayati Hanik Badriyah
Published: February 2020

Critically ill patients need to be treated quickly, carefully, precisely and comprehensively. Neurological status should be concerned because of the severe impact that occurs if it is not immediately handled, that is permanent disability or death. The neurologic problem like non convulsive seizures may not distinctly clear. It is difficult to assess non-convulsive seizure only by clinical physical examination. Continuous Electroencephalography (cEEG) is a useful to measure electrical brain activity. It could be used to identify seizure, cerebral ischemic, monitor and evaluate the medication, and prognostic of the diseases. This equipment is noninvasive and could give real-time information about the patient condition. The complex procedure and availability of skilled technician and competent reviewer, is the barrier to optimize this tools. Besides the benefit and challenge, cEEG is recommended to be used in critically ill patients’ management.

Abbreviations used: ADR – Alpha to Delta Ratio; CBF – Cerebral Blood Flow; cEEG – continuous Electroencephalography; CNS – Central Nervous System; CT – Computed Tomography; DCI – Delayed Cerebral Ischemia; EEG – electroencephalography; GCS – Glasgow Coma Scale; ICU – Intensive Care Unit; MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging; NCS – Non-Convulsive Seizures; NCSE – Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus; PAV – Percent Alpha Variability; PEDs – Periodic Epileptiform Discharges; RAV – Relative Alpha Variability; TBI – Traumatic Brain Injury; TCD – Transcranial Doppler

Received: 19 Oct 2018Reviewed: 28 Oct 2018Accepted: 5 Nov 2018

Citation: Purwandhono A, Hidayati HB, Machin A, Islamiyah WR. Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring in critically ill patients. Anaesth Pain & Intensive Care 2018;22 Suppl 1:S46-S52
Our experience of submental intubation: a reliable alternative to elective tracheostomy in maxillofacial trauma
Authors: Luqman Uzair , Qayyum Muhammad Umar , Tasneem Shahida , Ullah Kaleem , Khan Mohsin , Khan Jahangir
Published: February 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the frequency, indications, and outcome of submental intubation in maxillofacial trauma patients.Methodology: This retrospective study was performed at our maxillofacial surgery department. Retrospective data were collected from electronic patient records and patients’ operation notes from 1st June 2013 to 30th April 2018. All patients who had submental intubation performed irrespective of age and gender were included. Indications, intraoperative / post-operative course, any complications and esthetic results were evaluated.Results: During the period of study from 1st June 2013 to 30th April 2018, a total of 253 patients were operated under general anesthesia for various maxillofacial injuries at our hospital. Out of 253 operated patients, 185(73.1%) were males and 68(26.9%) were females with mean age of 32.7 years. A total of 7 submental intubations were performed. Out of these, 2 patients had panfacial trauma, 3 had comminuted Lefort II and III fractures and 2 had comminuted nasoorbitoethmoid (NOE)/ frontal complex fractures. No intraoperative complications were recorded. Postoperatively, one patient had persistent orocutaneous fistula with salivary leakage which was managed conservatively and healed within 4 weeks after surgery.Conclusions: Submental intubation is a simple, safe and fast alternative to tracheostomy for operative airway management in maxillofacial trauma patients.

Received: 18 Oct 2018Reviewed: 20 Oct 2018Accepted: 30 Oct 2018

Citation: Luqman U, Qayyum MU, Tasneem S, Ullah K, Khan M, Khan J. Our experience of submental intubation: a reliable alternative to elective tracheostomy in maxillofacial trauma patients. Anaesth Pain & Intensive Care 2018;22 Suppl 1:S113-S117
Management of obstetric spinal hypotension in resource-limited areas
Authors: Ismail Samina
Published: February 2020

Hypotension following obstetric spinal anesthesia is a common problem and has remained a focus of research and controversy for many decades. Recent advances on this subject have resulted in numerous recommendations for management of obstetric spinal hypotension. However, these advances have failed to reduce the unacceptable number of fatalities that occur in resources limited environments which constitutes more than 75% of the world’s population. The reason being the failure of translation of the research done in resource-rich environments, and its application and performance in resource-poor environments. This review focuses on the problems faced by clinical environment that are deficient in appropriate resources and manpower. It further proposes an outline for management of spinal hypotension and recommends suitable research agenda to address the deficiencies.

Received: 5 Sep 2018Reviewed: 7 Nov 2018Accepted: 10 Nov 2018

Citation: Ismail S. Management of obstetric spinal hypotension in resource-limited areas. Anaesth Pain & Intensive Care 2018;22 Suppl 1:S133-S136
Ultrasound in critical care
Authors: Rashid Saima , Khan Muhammad Faisal , Rajendram Rajkumar
Published: February 2020

Ultrasound (US) was introduced in the 1950s and since then its use has increased exponentially. This has been facilitated by significant improvement in the probe technology, increasing access to portable machines and better understanding of lung, heart, abdominal and vascular US. Use of critical care US (CCUS) is now extremely common. It is important for frontline physicians who must make appropriate and timely decisions within seconds. It is safe, convenient and readily available in many centers. The concept of point of care ultrasound (POCUS) differs from US screening by a radiologist or sonographer. It is, rapid focused and goal-orientated. Despite its major limitation, e.g. operator dependence, bedside CCUS can be used for an ever-increasing range of indications. This narrative review will describe the potential role of CCUS as the replacement for the stethoscope in the 21st century and the limitations which must be overcome to achieve this.

Received: 3 Nov 2018Reviewed & Accepted: 10 Nov 2018

Citation: Rashid S, Khan MF, Rajendram R. Ultrasound in critical care. Anaesth Pain & Intensive Care 2018;22 Suppl 1:S160-S163
A Rare Presentation of Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Rhabdomyolysis as a Result of Child Abuse
Authors: Karim Tassneem Abdel , Vasylyeva Tetyana L
Published: February 2020

Child abuse leads to substantial health problems and is extremely worrisome to the pediatric medical community. The child presented in our case was a victim of severe physical abuse leading to rhabdomyolysis, AKI, subsequently requiring renal replacement therapy. The objective of this case is to raise awareness and advise checking renal function, CK and myoglobin in bruised children subjugated to physical abuse.  Child abuse leading to severe decline in renal function is rare and needs to be recognized in a timely manner and adequately treated.
العملية التخطيطية للمدن الصغيرة في العراق
Authors: Abdulrazak Najeel kamal
Published: February 2020

ان التخطيط للمدن الصغيرة في العراق في غاياته وأسسه يعتمد النظرة المستقبلية للنهوض بها وتغيير طابعها

الريفي الى الطابع الحضري ويتم بغياب سياسات وموجهات وإستراتيجيات إقليمية وقومية نتج عنه تخبط في إعداد

تصاميمها الأساسية وتنفيذها والغرض من هذا البحث هو لدراسة الأسباب التي نجم عنه هذا التخبط وأختيار عملية

التخطيط لهذه المدن أو المستوطنات لتأشير بعض المشاكل التي تواجه هذه العملية وذلك بإظهار النقص والحاجة

بالإضافة الى الضعف في حلقاتها المختلفة.
تداعيات الحاضر الفكرية وانعكاسها على العمارة
Authors: Yacoob Asaad Yacoob , Abood Aday abas
Published: February 2020

العمارة في أحد تعاريفها الأولية كيان حضاري مادي يعكس بعدا فكريا تؤثر في محيطها وتتأثر

فيه لتكون مرآة لواقعها وخصوصا البعد الفكري ، يبرز في هذا الإطار الأثر المتنامي لظاهرة العولمة

وما تطرحه من فكر ينعكس بدوره على البعد الثقافي عامة والعمارة بصورة خاصة ليبلور بدوره

صيغة خاصة للتطبيق في ظل البنى الفكرية والتحديات التي تطرحها ليتحدد هدف البحث في ظل

غياب الصورة الواضحة حول خصوصية الانعكاس لفكر العولمة في العمارة. و صورة الانعكاس لهذا الفكر في العمارة وبما يضمن حالة الاستيعاب له . يتصدى البحث للعولمة كمفهوم من خلال بيان أبعاده وجوانبه ليستعرض إلى دور المفهوم وحضوره في الواقع وبيان بعده المستقبلي في بلورة التوجهات العامة والخاصة حيث تتراوح وجهات النظر في هذا الإطار بين مبشر أو محذر ، بين من يعتبر العولمة القدر الذي لا مفر منه وبين مقلل من أهميتها، لينتقل البحث إلى الخوض في أبعاد المفهوم من خلال بيان بعده اللغوي ومنه إلى تعريف بأبعاده

وجوانبه وما يثيره من جدل وعلاقته بالهوية وبما يضمن استيعاب المفهوم في بعده العام ، لينتقل

البحث بدوره إلى انعكاس المفهوم في العمارة وما يفرزه من مؤثرات وبالتالي بيان خصوصية التطبيق.
تحليلات البيئة المحلية في دراسات التصميم الحضري
Authors: Hadi Adel Said
Published: February 2020

أن غياب الفهم والوعي الواضح لاهمية معطيات الظروف البيئية المحلية وتأثيراتها في التصاميم الحضرية

)لدى بعض الطلبة المعماريين والمهندسين) ، فضلا عن التأثر بالتيارات الفكرية المعمارية الغربية الجديدة أو غيرها ، أدى الى ظهور مشاكل عملية وممارسات لاستنساخ الحلول وتكرارها.

يناقش البحث اثر تحليلات البيئة الحضرية المحلية واهميتها في اعداد تصاميم حضرية كفوءة ، ويستهدف

توضيح اهمية الدراسات الميدانية المتعلقة بالبيئة الحضرية المحلية، من اجل تجسير الفجوة بين النظرية والتطبيق في الفكر التصميمي لدى كافة المختصين بهذا المجال ، كما ويقدم البحث منهجية مقترحة لفهم مشاكل البيئة الحضرية ومعالجاتها الممكنة في مشاريع التصميم الحضري.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ АВТОТРАКТОРНОГО ДИЗЕЛЯ ПРИ РАБОТЕ НА ПРЕДЕЛЬНЫХ СОСТАВАХ ЭТЭ
Authors: Plotnukov S.A. , Kartashevich A.N. , Plyago A.V.
Published: February 2020

Цель исследований экспериментальное определение токсических показателей дизельного двигателя Д-245.5S2 сельскохозяйственного трактора при его работе на этаноло-топливной эмульсии с предельным содержание этанола в смеси. Объект исследования: экспериментальная установка (двигатель Д-245.5S2, электротормозной стенд RAPIDO SAK N670 с балансирной маятниковой машиной). Испытания дизеля проводились в соответствии с ГОСТ 18509-88. Исследования проводились на дизельном топливе и этаноло-топливной эмульсии с содержанием этанола 20 и 50 в смеси. Во время проведения исследований снималась регулировочная характеристика для определения оптимального угла опережения впрыскивания (угол 22 до верхней мертвой точки (ВМТ)). Затем снимались нагрузочные характеристики при частоте вращения коленчатого вала 1800 мин-1 и 1400 мин-1 и скоростная характеристика. Во всех экспериментах производилась фиксация эффективных и экологических показателей. Опираясь на полученные в результате испытаний экспериментальные данные, были установлены зависимости токсических показателей дизеля при его работе на этаноло-топливной эмульсии. Также были выявлены изменения токсичности и дымности отработавших газов при разных составах топлива. Приведены графики нагрузочной характеристики (экологические показатели) работы двигателя на базовом топливе и на этаноло-топливной эмульсии с содержанием 20 и 50 этанола в смеси.

The purpose of probes - experimental definition of toxic indicators of diesel engine D-245.5S2 at its work on etanolo-fuel emulsion with limiting the ethanol maintenance in a mixture. Object of probe: experimental installation (engine D-245.5S2, electrobrake stand RAPIDO SAK N670 with balancer by pendular car). Diesel engine tests were spent according to GOST 18509-88. Probes were spent on diesel fuel and etanolo-fuel emulsion with the maintenance of ethanol of 20 and 50 to mixtures. During carrying out of probes the adjusting characteristic, for definition of an optimum angle of an injection advance (a corner 22 to the top dead point (TDP)) acted in film. Then loading characteristics acted in film at rotary speed of a bent shaft of 1800 mines-1 both 1400 mines-1 and the high-speed characteristic. At all experimentals fixing of effective and ecological indicators was made. Leaning against the received experimental data as a result of tests, dependences of toxic indicators of a diesel engine have been established at its work on etanolo-fuel emulsion. Also changes of toxicity and smoke, the fulfilled gases are revealed at different structures of fuel. Schedules of the loading characteristic (ecological indicators) engine works on base fuel and on etanolo-fuel emulsion with the maintenance of 20 and 50 of ethanol in a mixture are resulted.
УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ ГОРЧИЦЫ БЕЛОЙ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ СОВРЕМЕННЫХЖИДКИХ УДОБРЕНИЙ
Authors:  Vinogradov Dmitry , Naumtseva K.V. , Lupova E.I. , Antoshina O.A. , Sokolov A.A.
Published: February 2020

В статье рассмотрены вопросы использования современных жидких удобрений в условиях Нечерноземной зоны России. В последнее время интересы потребителей возросли, агропромышленные предприятия ежегодно вносят дополнения в технологию выращивания масличных культур и их переработки. Получили распространение такие перспективные масличные культуры как горчица белая, соя, лен масличный, рапс, сурепица яровая, рыжик яровой и другие. В 2018 году посевная площадь, занимаемая масличными культурами, составляла 121,1 тыс.га ( 25,7 тыс.га к 2017 году). Из них максимально 50,2 тыс.га отводится рапсу и 42,2 тыс.га подсолнечнику. В 2019 году масличными культурами в Рязанской области было занято более 150 тыс.га. Целью исследований явилось изучение действия листовых подкормок многокомпонентными жидкими удобрениями в двух фазах вегетации в посевах горчицы белой. В условиях полевых опытов проведены исследования особенностей роста и развития горчицы белой при использовании комплекса удобрений. В исследованиях растения получали необходимое количество влаги и тепла, а комплексное жидкое микроудобрение обеспечило более интенсивный рост растений, увеличило показатели фотосинтеза. Максимальное количество семян было получено у сорта Люция, на варианте Азотовит1 л/га Фосфатовит 1 л/га РауАктив 1 л/га 21,2 ц/га. Используемые препараты способствовали также увеличению урожайных показателей в сорте Чайка на варианте Азотовит1 л/га Фосфатовит1 л/га РауАктив 1 л/га с урожайностью 18,8 ц/га и Рапсодия 19,5 ц/га, по сравнению с контрольным вариантом.

The article deals with the use of modern liquid fertilizers in the non-Chernozem zone of Russia. Recently, the interests of consumers have increased, agro-industrial enterprises annually make additions to the technology of growing oilseeds and their processing. The aim of the research was to study the effect of foliar fertilizing with multicomponent liquid fertilizers in two phases of vegetation, in white mustard crops. In the conditions of field experiments researches of features of growth and development of mustard white at use of a complex of fertilizers are carried out. In studies of complex liquid fertilizer has resulted in more intensive growth of plants, increasing the performance of photosynthesis. The maximum number of seeds was obtained by the cultivar Lucia, at the option Azotovit 1 l/ha Fosfatovit 1 l/ha RauActive 1 l/ha and 21.2 t/ha. And also used drugs contributed to the increase of productive indicators in grade Seagull, at the option Azotovit 1 l/ha Fosfatovit 1 l/ha RauActive 1 l/ha with a yield of 18.8 t/ha and the Rhapsody is 19.5 C/ha compared to control variant.
Estimation of the Optimal Use of Irrigation Water in Production of Lettuce – An Economical Approach
Authors: Fahaid Farida Omar , Albay Nuri Masoud , Ekhmaj Ahmed Ibrahim
Published: February 2020

The lack of data, information and studies examining the economic issues which related to crop water consumption are the main obstacles facing decision makers, legislators and farmers to optimize the use of water for agricultural purposes. This study aims to determine the optimal quantity of irrigation water for lettuce (lactuca sativa L.), which is a crop that does not have local data on its behavior of water consumption. To achieve the goals of the study, field experiment was conducted under trickle irrigation condition at the Tripoli Center of Agricultural Research during winter season of 2017.Four levels of irrigation water 130 mm, 195 mm, 260 mm and 320 mm were applied. These levels were selected based on the water requirements as calculated from Penman- Monthieth -FAO 1998 equation to represent 50, 75, 100, and 125% of total irrigation water required by lettuce crop, respectively. A second degree polynomial equation was fitted (R 2 = 0.64) for production function (yield in ton/ha versus. applied irrigation water in m3/ha). The results revealed that the increase in the quantity of irrigation water led to a higher yield of lettuce to a specific point and then the production rates decreased. According to the water price, the results of economical analysis indicated that the optimal quantity of irrigation water estimated of the lettuce which achieved the optimal productivity was found at 2506 m3 / ha. Many studies and researches on several crops must be conducted under field conditions in order to reach the optimal approach that ensures achieving high yield production through optimal use of limited water resources
Productive efficiency of the Triticali crop compared to some other cereal crops under dry rain-fed systems and irrigation in Libya
Authors: Shreidi Ali Salem , Elzintani Ahmed , Elmangosh Fatema , Aboud Kaled
Published: February 2020

A field experiment was carried out through four seasons 98-2001 to study the efficiency of some Triticali lines compared with the most dominant cereal crops in the country durum , bread wheat and barley under tow main agriculture zones conditions common in production areas across all the country rainfed and irrigated in the desert areas .The results showed that the barley was out yielded the Triticali and the other cereal crops under rained conditions 1.49 ton/ha for barley and 0.91,069and 1.08 ton/ha for triticali , bread wheat and durum respectively ,but at the same time all Triticali lines over yielded the all cereal types under the irrigated conditions, the triticali means was(7.0-9.0) ton/ha compared with barley,durum and bread wheat 6.0,6.71,6.58 ton/ha respectively.
The study recommended that the possibility of using triticali as good potential and economic yield especially under irrigated conditions as food and feed crops for their contents compared with the other cereal crops.
Effect of Planting Dates on three varieties of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under the conditions of sandy soil in the Kufra region – Libya
Authors: Abouzaytonh Ahmed Mohamed
Published: February 2020

A field experiment was carried out at the research station at Kufra production project in Kufra, located in the south-east of Libya, between latitude 12 - 24 ° north and longitude - 17 ° - 23 ° south, With the aim of knowing the impact of three agricultural dates (Mid-October, November, December) for three varieties (Nina-Gala-Engl. V) on yield and some of its components and the sugar content under the environmental conditions of Kufra, In the implementation of the experiment, a split - plot design was implemented with three replicates, The following characteristics were studied: Root weight - root diameter (cm) - fresh weight of root / plant - fresh weight / plant - root productivity and total fresh vegetables / ha , Sugar theoretical productivity T /h in the roots .
Results showed that there was no significant difference between the cultivars for all the studied traits. The date of planting showed significant effect on all the studied traits. In general, it can be concluded that sugar beet cultivation can be successful under the environmental conditions of Kufra Mid-October.
Effect of different levels of drought stress on the germination and seedling growth parameters of three wheat cultivars seeds
Authors: Mansour Abdalla M. A. , Elbagrmi Twfeik
Published: February 2020

Seed germination of three varieties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) CONDOR, SERI and T.R. evaluated under 5 drought levels (0.0 mPa (control),-0.3 mPa, -0.6 mPa, -0.9 mPa and -1.2 mPa). We used polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) to make drought stress conditions. Germinated seeds were counted daily up to 14 days under laboratory conditions.
Percentage and mean germination time, coefficients of germination, mean germination rate, and uncertainty of germination process as germination parameters. Shoots and roots length; fresh, dry weight of shoots and roots, leaves and roots number, the surface area of leaves as seedling growth parameters were studied. The data was analyzed statistically using SPSS software, to identify significant differences among wheat varieties and among treatment.
Comparison between means showed that the highest value for most of germination parameters recorded for SERI variety followed by T.R., and most of seedling growth parameters were recorded for T.R. followed by SERI. The results determined that seeds of all varieties germinate well in the lowest concentration of PEG. Increase the concentration of PEG affect all germination and seedling growth parameters.
Isolation and Identification of Tomato Wilt Pathogen Under Green House Conditions in Tripoli Area
Authors: Dayab Khayriyah Misbah , ElGariani Najat Khalifa
Published: February 2020

The tomato crop is Lycopersico esculentum L. of the Solanaceae family. The considered world's first among the vegetable crops in terms of cultivated area annually. It is the third most important agricultural products after wheat and barley and the second most important vegetable crops after potatoes in Libya. The study aimed to isolate and identify the cause of tomato wilt disease its under greenhouse conditions. Four Fusarium oxysporum isolates were obtained from tomato roots and surrounding area growing under protected agricultural conditions at Janzour and Ein Zara in Tripoli- libay. The fungus were more frequent at Ein Zara area (37%), compared with Janzour (22%).
INDIA-ASEAN TRADE OPPORTUNITIES UNDER ACT EAST POLICY AND INDIA’S NORTH EAST
Authors: Kalita Dr. Basanta
Published: February 2020

The Act East Policy of the Govt. of India was started in 1991to strengthen falling economic situation. The basic idea was to link Indian economy with flourishing economies of the South East Asian nations to enhance India’s economic fortunes. The north eastern region being the gateway of the whole engagement is supposed to play the most crucial role in delivering the anticipated result. The paper has tried to study India-ASEAN trade opportunities in terms of merchandise trade vis-s-vis the opportunities for the NER. It is found that the merchandise trade has increased many folds between India and ASEAN specially in the post AIFTA period. The main items of India’s export to and import from the ASEAN reveal that the NER can be a strong player in the business activities as it has tremendous potential in producing those commodities due to the natural advantages it possesses. However, the main challenge is the lack of infrastructural facilities in the area which are absolutely necessary for international business and investment.
KEY WORDS: ASEAN, Act East Policy, NER, AIFTA
Comparison and Detection of biofilms layers in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Isolated from Clinical Specimens
Authors: Saptarshi Pal
Published: February 2020

Biofilms are the community that probably represents the mode of growth for microbes in most environments. Biofilms are typically surrounded by an extracellular matrix that provides structure and protection to the community. The mechanisms that different bacteria employ to form biofilms vary, frequently depending on environmental conditions and specific strain attributes. Biofilm formation begins with attachment of bacteria to biotic surface such as host cell. After attachment, aggregation of bacteria is started by cell-cell adhesion. Dispersion is started by certain conditions such as phenol-soluble modulinos. For studying and comparing the different layers of biofilm formation in our model organism like Staphylococcus and Escherichia we used slide detection technique and the extent of biofilm formation is measured using the crystal violet (CV) dye. Using these bacteria as examples, we compared the key sizes of 3 layers of the biofilms as well as effect of antibiotics on these layers.

Keywords: Biofilm; Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli
Microbial community diversity in the soil of Barrientos Island estimated by RAPD and Biolog Ecoplate methods
Authors: Lee Learn-Han , Letchumanan Vengadesh , Ab Mutalib Nurul-Syakima , Cheah Yoke Kqueen
Published: February 2020

The diversity of soil microbial communities at Barrientos Island with  differents soil characteristics were evaluated using PCR-based method random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and community level physiological profiles (CLPP) of Biolog Ecoplate. The soils were selected from 17 different locations around Barrientos Island inhabited by different breeders. Shannon-Weaver index and multivariate analysis were performed to characterize variations of soil microbial communities. Both RAPD and CLPP methods exhibited that most soils with different type of rookery and characteristics could possibly affect the DNA sequence diversity and soil microbial diversity. The abandoned type of rookery had the highest Shannon-Weaver index as exhibited by soil sample 445 (3.4 for RAPD) and 450 (3.09 for CLPP). Higher coefficients of DNA sequence similarity were found in soil samples colonized by similar breeders, like soil 442 and 446 (both were active Chinstrap rookery) shared highest similarity in DNA sequences (73.53). The cluster analysis of RAPD profiles by UPGMA and principle component analysis (PCA) of Biolog Ecoplate exhibited similar influence of type of rookery and soil condition towards soil microbial community diversity. The results may suggest that the change in microbial community DNA composition is accompanied with the change in microbial functional properties.
PECULIARITIES OF METABOLIC CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS AT EARLY TERMS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTION OF TOXIC LIVER DISEASES
Authors: Timasheva G. V. , Repina E. F. , Karimov D. O. , Khusnutdinova N. Yu. , Mukhammadieva G. F. , Bakirov A. B. , Smolyankin D. A. , Baigildin S. S.
Published: February 2020

The paper presents the results of studies on metabolic changes in experimental animals with acute tetrachloromethane poisoning and further damage correction using substances possessing hepatoprotective properties: oxymethyluracil, ademethionine and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate. It has been revealed that oxymethyluracil exhibits heteroprotective properties at the earliest stages of acute toxic liver damage with chemical toxicants: it has membrane-stabilizing properties, normalizes the levels of antioxidant system parameters, thereby restoring the oxidative-antioxidant balance in hepatocytes. Oxymethyluracil has more pronounced hepatoprotective properties at the early stages of treatment in comparison with ademethionine and ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate. The results obtained are important in terms of the prospective use of oxymethyluracil for the relief of hepatotoxic effects in acute exposure to hepatropic chemicals under environmental and industrial poisoning.
JUSTIFICATION OF MAXIMUM SINGEL ALLOWABLE CONCENTRATIONS OF 1-METHYL-4-ISOPROPENYLCYCLOHEX-1-ENE (LIMONENE), 3,7,7-TRIMETHYLBICYCLO[4.1.0]HEPT-2-ENE (3-CARENE) AND 2,2-DIMETHYL-3-METHYLENEBICYCLO[2.2.1]HEPTANE (CAMPHENE) IN AMBIENT AIR
Authors: Budarina O. V. , Fedotova L. A. , Shipulina Z. V. , Potapchenko Т. D.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the results of the experimental studies on justification of the maximum single allowable concentrations (MAC) of 1-methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene (limonene), 3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-ene (3-carene), and 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (camphene) in the air of urban and rural settlements. The research has been carried out in accordance with the current methodology for determining the odor thresholds of substances using modern olfactometric equipment (dynamic olfactometer) and highly sensitive methods for identifying chemical components (chromatography-mass spectrometry). According to the results obtained, the recommended maximum single allowable concentrations in the atmospheric air of urban and rural settlements are 0,08 mg/m3 (hazard class 4) for limonene; 0,2 mg/m3 (hazard class 4) for 3-carene; 0,3 mg/m3 (hazard class 3) for camphene; the limiting indicator of harmfulness for all substances is reflex. An analytical methodic based on chromatography-mass spectrometry and certified in accordance with GOST R 8.563-2009 and GOST R ISO 5725-2002 has been developed to control the concentrations of α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, 3-carene, and limonene in the atmospheric air of urban and rural settlements.
Hubungan Self-Efficacy dan Stres Akademik Mahasiswa
Authors: Siregar Ilham Khairi , Putri Sefni Rama
Published: February 2020

Stres akademik merupakan tekanan yang dirasakan oleh individu dalam mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan. Fenomena yang terjadi adalah mahasiswa tidak begitu yakin dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki sehingga menyebabkan stres akademik dalam mencapai tujuan perkuliahannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran self-efficacy mahasiswa serta gambaran stres akademik mahasiswa di program studi bimbingan dan konseling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan koefisiensi variabel self-efficacy dengan stress akademik mahasiswa dikatakan signifikan dan berkorelasi negatif.
The Effects of Grape Seed Oil on the Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Women: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani , Pardis Irandoost , Samira Pourmoradian
Published: February 2020

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major types of non-communicable diseases with increasing prevalence worldwide. Oil consumption is an important part of the modifiable nutritional risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aims to examine the effects of grape seed oil consumption against sunflower oil on lipid profiles, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and weight management among overweight and obese females. In the current randomized clinical trial, 39 overweight or obese women were randomly allocated into the grape seed oil and sunflower oil groups and completed the study successfully. Anthropometric parameters were measured every two weeks. Fasting serum lipid profiles and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were measured at the beginning and at the end of the intervention. Dietary data were collected using 3 days of 24-hours dietary recall. The changes in anthropometric measures and nutrient intakes at the end of the study were not significant between the groups. Although lipid profiles improved significantly in both groups, only the changes of the low-density lipoprotein (25.9 ± 6.6 mg/dL vs. 8.63 ± 6.87 mg/dL) and high-density lipoprotein (5.35 ± 2.56 mg/dL vs. 1.73 ± 1.14 mg/dL) were significantly different between the grape seed oil and sunflower oil groups. The changes in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level in the grape seed oil vs. sunflower oil group were statistically significant (P = 0.03). Grape seed oil consumption seems to improve lipid biomarkers and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in overweight and/or obese females.