bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR PADA DANAU KENOHAN SUWI, MUARA ANCALONG, KABUPATEN KUTAI TIMUR, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Yafi Zahrul , Setiawan Yunianto , Sulistioadi Yohanes Budi
Published: July 2023

Danau Kenohan Suwi adalah bentang Danau yang meliputi sungai, rawa dan danau dengan nilai ekosistem esensial untuk kehidupan tumbuhan, satwa dan manusia. Danau ini terletak didalam sub DAS Kedang Kepala. Pencemaran air yang saat ini terjadi pada Danau Kenohan Suwi sudah harus mulai diperhatikan. Sehingga perlu dilakukannya penelitian yang dapat menganalisa tingkat kualitas air yang ada pada Danau tersebut. Penentuan status mutu air pada penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode STORET dan Indeks Pencemaran (IP) yang telah diatur dalam Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup No. 115 Tahun 2003. Kemudian dilakukan perhitungan Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran (DTBP) yang telah diatur pada Peraturan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup No. 28 Tahun 2009. Analisis dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat pencemaran dan nilai daya tampung pencemaran yang ada khususnya untuk parameter BOD. Berdasarkan hasil dari penentuan status mutu air Danau Kenohan Suwi, didapatkan hasil bahwa status mutu air Danau tersebut adalah Cemar Ringan. Kemudian perhitungan alokasi beban pencemar Danau Kenohan Suwi dilakukan pada setiap titik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai alokasi beban pencemar parameter BOD adalah 1400 mg/m3. Adapun hasil dari perhitungan nilai daya tampung beban pencemar parameter BOD Danau Kenohan Suwi, didapatkan hasil sebesar 51,90737 ton/tahun.
PERENCANAAN TEMPAT PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH TERPADU DI KECAMATAN ANGGANA KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Authors: Sariyadi Sariyadi , Sarwono Edhi , Busyairi Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Jumlah penduduk Kecamatan Anggana pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 45.710 jiwa, jumlah penduduk ini akan mempengaruhi jumlah timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan. Salah satu praktik pengelolaan sampah di Kecamatan Anggana adalah merencanakan pembangunan fasilitas pengolahan sampah berdasarkan prinsip 3R atau dikenal dengan Tempat Pengolahan  Sampah Terpadu. TPST yang akan dibangun harus berada di lokasi bebas banjir dan berada di pinggir jalan lokal. Pada penyelenggaraan TPST akan diarahkan dengan menggunakan konsep 3R dimana dilakukan upaya untuk mengurangi sampah sejak dari sumbernya pada skala komunal atau kawasan, untuk mengurangi beban sampah yang harus diolah secara langsung di TPA, dimana sampah organik akan diproses menjadi kompos, dan sampah non organik disalurkan ke pihak ketiga yang kemudian akan dilakukan proses daur ulang, sedangkan sampah yang akan dibuang ke TPA hanyalah sampah residu yang berupa popok bayi, pembalut wanita dan sterofoam, dan juga sampah yang tidak layak kompos. Direncanakan rancangan TPST ini akan mengelola sampah sebanyak 20.211,113 kg/hari dan juga volume sebesar 293,638 m3/hari dengan estimasi dana yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun TPST direncanakan sebesar Rp 14.301.992.110 (Empat Belas Milyar Tiga Ratus Satu Juta Sembilan Ratus Sembilan Puluh Dua Ribu Seratus Sepuluh Rupiah).
PENENTUAN TIMBULAN AIR LIMBAH DAN UNIT INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DI CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT KOTA HARAPAN INDAH KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Wardhani Eka , Alsadilla Syelfa Azhura , Mangopo Gabriel Trio , Nastiti Alma Nadira Putri , Fatin Kamilia , Kurnia Gena Gisela , Ayuni Neti
Published: July 2023

Kapasitas pengolahan air limbah harus menampung debit air limbah yang dihasilkan oleh Kota Harapan Indah agar tidak memberi dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Pembuatan IPAL direncanakan dapat berfungsi sampai 20 tahun ke depan dengan mengacu pada data debit air limbah yang dihasilkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penentuan debit air limbah domestik ini meliputi data jumlah penduduk, kebutuhan air bersih yang berasal dari data sekunder. Perhitungan proyeksi penduduk dari tahun 2018-2041 menggunakan metode terpilih yaitu metode aritmatika. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan proyeksi penduduk dengan metode terpilih, jumlah penduduk pada 20 tahun mendatang yaitu tahun 2041 adalah 918.954 jiwa. Timbulan air limbah CBD Kota Harapan Indah di akhir tahun perencanaan adalah 1.940 L/detik.  Kapasitas IPAL yang direncanakan harus dapat menampung debit minimal 1.940 L/detik agar tidak terjadi overflow, sedangkan di awal tahun perencanaan, debit air limbah yang kurang harus ditambahkan penggelontoran agar proses pengolahan di IPAL dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Pemilihan alternatif menggunakan metode scoring dengan unit IPAL yang terpilih diantaranya bar screen, grease trap, screw pump, grit chamber, bak ekualisasi, aerasi, clarifier, dan disinfeksi.
TİCARETLE BAĞLANTILI FİKRÎ MÜLKİYET HAKLARI ANLAŞMASI ÇERÇEVESİNDE İLAÇ PATENTLERİNDE ZORUNLU LİSANS VE COVID-19 DÖNEMİNDE YAŞANAN BAZI GELİŞMELER
Authors: AÇIKGÖZ Ahunur
Published: July 2023

Çalışmamızda ilaç patentleri bakımından zorunlu lisans kurumu 1995 tarihli Ticaretle Bağlantılı Fikrî Mülkiyet Hakları Anlaşması çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle ilaç patentleri ve sağlık hakkı arasındaki ilişki belirlenmiş ve ilaçların patentlenmesine ilişkin tarihsel sürece kısaca değinilmiştir. Ardından, Ticaretle Bağlantılı Fikrî Mülkiyet Hakları Anlaşması’na ilişkin genel bilgilere yer verilmiş ve anılan Anlaşma’da patentli ilaçlara erişimi artırmak üzere kullanılabilecek hükümler incelenmiştir. Bu hükümler arasından zorunlu lisansa ilişkin düzenlemeler ise ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca, kamu sağlığı ihtiyaçlarına cevap vermek üzere zorunlu lisans kurumuna ilişkin değişikliklere yol açan gelişmeler ve bu değişiklikler de anlatılmıştır. Çalışmanın son bölümünde ise COVID-19 pandemisi esnasında patentli ilaçlar bakımından zorunlu lisans kurumuna ilişkin dünya üzerinde yaşanan birtakım gelişmelere yer verilmiştir.
ANAYASA MAHKEMESİNİN BİREYSEL BAŞVURU KARARLARINDA KENTSEL DÖNÜŞÜM UYGULAMALARINDAN KAYNAKLANAN MÜLKİYET HAKKI SORUNLARI
Authors: DUYMAZ Erkan
Published: July 2023

6306 sayılı Afet Riski Altındaki Alanların Dönüştürülmesi Hakkında Kanun başta mülkiyet hakkı olmak üzere Anayasa’da güvence altına alınmış birçok temel hak ve özgürlüğe ciddi sınırlamalar getirmektedir. Kanun, yürürlüğe girdiği 2012 yılından bu yana çok sayıda değişiklik geçirmiştir. Bunda, Anayasa Mahkemesinin norm denetimi kapsamında verdiği kararlarla Kanun’da öngörülen çok sayıda tartışmalı düzenlemeyi Anayasa’ya aykırı bularak iptal etmiş olmasının önemli bir etkisi bulunmaktadır. Geçirdiği değişikliklere rağmen 6306 sayılı Kanun hâlâ kentsel dönüşüm alanında kamu otoritelerine geniş yetkiler tanımaktadır. Bunun yanında kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarının neden olduğu mülkiyet hakkı sınırlamalarının yargısal denetimi bazı durumlarda etkisiz kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarında karşılaşılan mülkiyet hakkına yönelik müdahalelerin Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel başvuru kapsamında nasıl değerlendirildiği incelenecektir. Çalışma, Kanun’dan kaynaklanan sorunlu uygulamaları ortaya koymayı ve bu sayede temel hak ve özgürlüklere saygılı bir kentsel dönüşüm yürütülmesine katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Regulasi Emosi Ditinjau Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin pada Siswa SMP
Authors: Widyadari Rica , Fitriani Yulia
Published: July 2023

Emotional regulation is an individual's ability to regulate feelings and physiological reactions and cognitions related to individual emotions. Individual goals have good emotional management skills, individual will experience a decrease in anger, anxiety and feelings of forgiveness as well as a significant decrease in depression. This study aims to determine differences in emotional regulation based on gender at SMPN 1 Tambun Utara. This study used a quantitative research method. The sample in this study totaled 70 students, namely 35 male students and 35 female students using the quota sampling technique. Data collection in this study used the emotion regulation scale which was modified by Fitriani and Alsa (2015). The research data were analyzed using the independent t test technique. The results show that there is no difference in emotional regulation between boys and girls in SMPN 1 Tambun Utara students.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Square terhadap Hasil Belajar Geografi Siswa Kelas XI di SMAN 2 Solok Selatan
Authors: Husna Fadila Naitul , Suryani Ade Irma , Setriani Loli
Published: July 2023

This research is motivated by the lack of variety of media in learning. Students are less motivated in the teaching and learning process and there are obstacles in the delivery of learning material and are often found in learning outcomes that are < from KKM. This study aims to see the effect of using the Think Pair Square Cooperative learning model on the learning outcomes of Geography students in class XI SMAN 2 Solok Selatan. The use of the Think Pair Cooperative learning model turned out to make students more enthusiastic in responding to the model applied by the researcher. The type of research used is a quasi-experimental research type. The population in this study were students of class XI IPS at SMAN 2 Solok Selatan for the 2023/2024 academic year. Class XI IPS 1 control class, XI IPS 2 experimental class. The data analysis technique used was descriptive statistical technique and inferential statistical analysis. Based on the research results, the control class average was 79.48 and the experimental class average was 86.89. Based on the t-test conducted on the two sample class learning outcomes, the t value was 5,945 with sig 0.000 <0.005. It can be concluded that there is an influence of the think pair square Cooperative learning model on the learning outcomes of Geography class XI students at SMAN 2 Solok Selatan.
Studi Literatur: Penerapan Model Discovery Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik pada Materi Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup
Authors: Faturrahman Mas Akhbar , Ningsih Kurnia
Published: July 2023

Learning is the main component in the educational process, so a learning design is needed to support an increase in students' understanding of concepts. Learning outcomes as a product of conceptual understanding must show a good level after the learning process occurs. One biology material that tends to be difficult for teachers and students is the classification of living things. The discovery learning model is the solution to improve student learning outcomes in this material. This study aimed to conduct a study of various studies related to implementing the discovery learning model to improve student learning outcomes in the classification of living things. This research used the literature study method on various scientific articles from national journals and proceedings in the last ten years. From the search results, 19 scientific articles were obtained, which were analyzed to prove that the discovery learning model can improve student learning outcomes in the classification of living things.
Pengaruh Kemandirian Belajar Siswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Pecahan Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri 5 Rambutan
Authors: Rahmawati Desi , Misdalina Misdalina , Budi Irawan David
Published: July 2023

Independent learning is an active way of learning for students, students who have a high will when learning, and students who have the initiative to learn on their own without being told by others. This study aims to determine the effect of student learning independence on the results of learning mathematics in fraction material. This research used in this study is a correlational study using the product moment formula. The sample used was students of class III.B SD Negeri 5 Rambutan. In this study, before using the hypothesis test, a prerequisite test was carried out first, namely the normality test and it was declared to be normally distributed. Then do a correlation test and get the results rxy = 0.830. Test the hypothesis using the t-test. The results of testing the hypothesis obtained significant values in questionnaires and tests, namely 5,953 where ttable = 2.120 with df = n-2 where n = 18 so df = 16 with level α = 0.05, so it can be concluded tcount = 5,953 ≥ ttable = 2.210 then Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, or there is an influence of student learning independence on the mathematics learning outcomes of fractional material for third grade students at SD Negeri 5 Rambutan.
Penerapan Media Puzzle Sebagai Alternatif Penguasaan Bilangan dan Angka di Kelas II SD Negeri 137 Palembang
Authors: Veronika Niken , Disurya Ramanata , Tanzimah Tanzimah
Published: July 2023

A media puzzle is a media that combines an image and a puzzle where the way to play is to combine a piece of a pattern or image so that it becomes a pattern unit which is the key to the answer. This study aims to determine the effect of applying the media puzzle as an alternative to mastery of numbers and numbers. This study uses experimental research, the method used is experimental design with a type one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample used was all grade II students at SD Negeri 137 Palembang. Before conducting the hypothesis test, the prerequisite test was carried out in this study, namely the normality test and homogeneity test and it was stated that the distribution was normal and homogeneous, the hypothesis test was carried out using the t test, namely the paired sample t test. The results of testing the hypothesis obtained a significant value on the test-retest and posttest ie 10.329 where ttable= 1.796 with df = n-2 where n = 13 so df = 11 with the levels α = 0.05, so it can be concluded tcount= 10.329 ≥ ttable= 1,796 eyes Ha accepted H0 rejected, or the influence of the application of the media puzzle as an alternative to mastery of numbers and numbers in class II SD Negeri 137 Palembang
Implementasi Manajemen Sarana dan Prasarana Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di MTs Negeri 1 Lebak
Authors: Torismayanti Torismayanti , Zohriah Anis , Muin Abdul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to: Describe, constraints, and solutions from the Implementation of Facilities and Infrastructure Management in Improving the Quality of Education at MTs Negeri 1 Lebak. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews and documentation. The data obtained was then analyzed using qualitative data analysis consisting of: (a) data reduction, (b) data presentation, and (c) drawing conclusions. The research results show that: 1) Planning for facilities and infrastructure at MTs Negeri 1 Lebak, namely coordination meetings, determining the madrasah program, and determining needs. 2) Procurement of facilities and infrastructure at MTs Negeri 1 Lebak, namely carried out by the facilities and infrastructure, then proceed to the Head of TU and known by the Head of Madrasah to submit a proposal to the government 3) Arrangement of facilities and infrastructure at MTs Negeri 1 Lebak, namely proper maintenance by all residents of the madrasa accompanied by a list of persons in charge. 4) The use of facilities and infrastructure at MTs Negeri 1 Lebak, namely scheduling, but the obstacle faced is that the madrasa has 2 separate buildings, making it difficult for the learning process 5) Removal of facilities and infrastructure at MTs Negeri 1 Lebak, which is carried out by means of auctions and grants
Faktor – Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Konsumsi Rumah Tangga Di 34 Provinsi Indonesia
Authors: Zulkarnain Ricky , Murwiati Asih
Published: July 2023

Consumption describes the activities that people engage in at any given time. Consumption symbolizes one of the indicators to calculate the economy of a region. This study was conducted to see the points between the relationship between GRDP per capita, inflation, and the head of the beneficiary family on household consumption in 34 provinces of Indonesia in 2021. This analysis uses Ordinary Least Square analysis using cross section data with the Stata 15 analysis tool. This test reveals that there are two variables that have a positive and significant relationship with household consumption, namely the head of the beneficiary family and gross regional domestic product per capita. Then the inflation variable has a negative but insignificant relationship with household consumption.
THE SYSTEM OF SPEECH THERAPY FOR DEVELOPMENT AND STABILIZATION OF EMOTIONAL STATES IN CHILDREN WITH SPEECH DISORDERS: A FOCUS ON MIGRANT FAMILIES
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ostrovskaya Kateryna , Saiko Khrystyna ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: July 2023

This article addresses the importance of implementing a comprehensive system of speech therapy interventions to support the development and stabilization of emotional states in children with speech disorders, particularly in the context of migrant families. The unique psychological needs of children from immigrant backgrounds with speech disorders are discussed, emphasizing the significance of psychological support provided to both the children and their families. This support encompasses psychological counseling, psychotherapeutic assistance, and speech therapy interventions. Within the framework of military psychological services, the implementation of various psychological techniques aimed at addressing speech therapy challenges in children holds significant importance, alongside organizational and legal aspects. Modern practical psychotherapy encompasses diverse directions and profiles, among which family psychotherapy, specifically systemic family psychotherapy, occupies a prominent position. In the context of children with speech disorders, this type of psychotherapy becomes particularly relevant, focusing on the whole family system. Professionals working with children aim to prevent and overcome speech disorders through various approaches. These include the development of visual-spatial concepts, attention stability, self-control, phonetic and lexical-grammatical exercises, promoting coherent speech, and addressing therapy of emotional states. Resources, encompassing internal and external variables, play a crucial role in maintaining psychological stability during stressful situations. These resources involve emotional, motivational-volitional, cognitive, and behavioral constructs that aid in adaptation. Psychotherapeutic techniques employed include psychoeducation, autogenic training (breathing exercises), trauma therapy elements (emotion processing, returning to the present moment), and concept-integrative methods (identifying strengths, focusing on resources, utilizing visualization techniques). Additional exercises such as grounding exercises, emotion exploration (utilizing emotion images), identifying sources of strength and support, relaxation exercises (such as psychogymnastics), and elements of music therapy are incorporated into psychological training.
Prediksi komputasi obat tradisional sulawesi selatan Curcuma zanthorriza sebagai vioaktif senyawa anti kanker
Authors: Musdalifah
Published: July 2023

Temulawak or Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb is a plant that is very commonly known in Indonesia, even in the world. This plant is a medicinal plant that is widely cultivated by the people of South Sulawesi to cure various diseases. This study aims to determine the compounds and their bioactivity potential using a database approach through the websites http://kanaya.naist.jp/knapsack_jsp/top.html and http://www.way2drug.com/ . The results obtained from this study were that there were 2 compounds contained in temulawak, namely curcumin and monodemethoxycurcumin. Based on the potential bioactivity screening, 25 potentials were found which include anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral-HIV1, anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, antimycin, anti-mutagenic, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-cholestatic, sex hormone regulator, anti-glycation. , anti-porter, anti-tumor, anti-hypercholesterol, anti-CTGF, and anti-dermatitis. Therefore Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb has great potential to be developed in the field of pharmaceuticals based on the local wisdom of the people of South Sulawesi
Tugas Mini riset perpajakan
Authors: HASTUTI
Published: July 2023

LITERATURE REVIEW PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN, SISTEM ADMINISTRASI DAN SOSIALISASI PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI
Evaluating Chatbot Performance: A Meta-Analysis Approach with Deep Learning
Authors: Jsowd Kyldo
Published: July 2023

Chatbot technology has gained significant attention in recent years, with numerous studies focusing on developing and evaluating chatbot performance. However, due to the vast amount of research and the diversity of methodologies employed, it can be challenging to gain a comprehensive understanding of chatbot performance across different domains and applications. In this paper, we propose a meta-analysis approach to evaluate chatbot performance using deep learning techniques. The objective of this study is to systematically analyze and synthesize the findings from existing chatbot performance evaluations, providing a comprehensive assessment of chatbot capabilities and identifying factors that contribute to their success or limitations. To achieve this, we leverage deep learning models to extract valuable insights from a wide range of chatbot evaluation studies.
Investigating substance use as a coping strategy among adolescent psychiatric inpatients: A comparative analysis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Thomas Sarah Ann , Thompson Elizabeth , Peters Jessica , Micalizzi Lauren , Meisel Samuel N. , Maron Micaela , Ryan Sarah , Wolff Jennifer C.
Published: July 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by significant changes in daily life, which impacted mental health and substance use behavior. Among adolescents, studies of COVID-related changes in rates of substance use yielded mixed findings. While studies of large U.S. samples found no significant increases in adolescent substance use during COVID-19, studies of youth with psychiatric symptoms suggest that some adolescents used substances to cope with negative affect during COVID-19. The current study compared rates of past-year substance use among adolescent psychiatric inpatients before and during COVID-19. Motives for coping with changes due to COVID-19 were assessed and evaluated in relation to correlates associated with psychiatric acuity (e.g., suicidal thoughts), and rate of past-year substance use. Methods: This cross-sectional chart review study analyzed hospital intake data of psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents before and during COVID-19. Count models assessed if the number of past-year days of alcohol and cannabis use was higher among adolescents (n=491, 11-18 years, 61% female) hospitalized between 3/14/20 to 4/5/21 (“COVID-19”) versus 8/30/2019 to 3/13/20 (“pre-COVID). For a subsample of inpatients admitted during COVID-19 (n=124; 75% female), we evaluated psychiatric correlates of endorsing alcohol, cannabis, or e-cigarettes to cope with COVID-19 changes/rules. Finally, we tested if past-year days of alcohol or cannabis use were greater for adolescents reporting they used that substance to cope with COVID-19.Results: Adolescents admitted during COVID-19 reported significantly more past-year alcohol and cannabis use days than adolescents admitted pre-COVID. Adolescents endorsed using alcohol (19%), cannabis (33%), and e-cigarettes/vaping (25%) to cope with COVID-19. E-cigarette/vaping to cope during COVID-19 was significantly related to lifetime suicide attempt. Endorsing alcohol or cannabis to cope with COVID-19 was associated with a significantly greater number of past-year use days for each respective substance. Conclusion: Adolescents admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit during COVID-19 had a higher rate of substance use than adolescents admitted pre-COVID. Using substances to cope was linked to psychiatric correlates (suicide attempt, impairment). Substance use patterns among psychiatrically vulnerable adolescents may be distinct from adolescents whose substance use is linked to other, non-coping motivations, and have important implications from preventing compounding negative outcomes among these youth.
Building Intelligent Chatbot Systems using Meta-Analysis and Deep Learning
Authors: Jsowd Kyldo
Published: July 2023

Chatbot systems have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to automate customer interactions and provide personalized assistance. This article presents a novel approach for building intelligent chatbot systems by leveraging the power of meta-analysis and deep learning techniques. In this study, we propose a framework that combines meta-analysis, which synthesizes findings from existing chatbot research, with deep learning algorithms to enhance the performance and intelligence of chatbot systems. We explore the application of deep learning models, such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and transformer models, for various chatbot tasks, including natural language understanding, dialogue management, and response generation
Assessing the Influence of Personal Traits, Experiences, and Attitudes on the Perception of AI-generated Artworks
Authors: Grassini Simone , Koivisto Mika
Published: July 2023

This study investigates likings, positive emotions, and discrimination between human- and AI-generated art across various styles, considering the influence of individual factors and attitudes towards art and technology. A total of 201 participants completed an online survey, rating images on liking, positive emotion transmission, and perceived human or AI origin. Findings revealed a liking for AI-generated images, accompanied by increased positive emotions. However, participants had difficulty distinguishing between human- and AI-generated art, indicating that AI has reached a level of maturity which can very well imitate human creativity. Personality traits openness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability predicted preferences or emotional responses differently, depending on whether the images were believed to be generated by humans or AI. Highly empathic individuals demonstrated increased sensitivity to discriminate between AI- and human-generated images. Additionally, strong creative identity was associated with pronounced preference for art believed to be generated by humans. Similar patterns were related even to positive attitudes towards media and technology. In conclusion, our findings contribute to the ongoing discussion surrounding AI-generated content and its interaction with psychological factors, emphasizing the importance of individual differences in shaping the perception and evaluation of AI-generated art.
Social Consequences of Anger Expression: The Role of Target of Harm and Expresser’s Gender
Authors: Razavi Pooya , Hodges Sara D. , Condon David M , Wagner David T , Srivastava Sanjay
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the social judgments of individuals who express anger and examines how these judgments vary based on whether the anger is in response to harm inflicted upon others or harm inflicted upon the expresser. Using a vignette-based experiment (N = 853), we addressed two research questions: (1) What are the differences in character judgments and social impressions based on anger expression in response to harm to others versus harm to self? (2) To what extent are these impressions dependent on the expresser's gender? The results revealed that expressing anger influenced the perceptions of the expresser, with anger expressers being perceived as more steadfast and obstinate but less communal and wise. Moreover, the impact of anger expression on perceptions differed depending on whether the harm was directed at the expresser or another person, suggesting that anger in response to harm to others may elicit less negative affiliative impressions. Surprisingly, for female protagonists who expressed anger, the broader negative consequences of expressing anger were weaker and the positive social outcomes were stronger relative to those for their male counterparts. We contextualize these findings within a functionalist framework and discuss alternative explanations for the unexpected gender differences.
Education for Sustainable Development – An Aporetic Approach
Authors: Kminek Helge
Published: July 2023

At the centre of this contribution is the assertion, and its justification, that education for sustainable development is an aporetic enterprise: something with enmeshed contradictions that are irresolvable. The developed argument is not for the abandonment of these aspirations, programme and practice of education for sustainable development; their necessity is itself part of the aporia. Instead, it argues for an alternative research approach that takes the aporia as its starting point.
Inflammatory Biomarkers in COVID-19: Associations with Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes among COVID 19 Patients Hospitalized in Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital
Authors: Shrestha Sanjay , Maharjan Kijan , Bajracharya Milan , Chalise Bimal Sharma , Neupane Jenish , Baral Bishwodip , Shrestha Soni , Bastola Anup
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus referred to as SARS-CoV-2. Biomarkers has been linked with severity and appears to influence clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients. Aims: This study aimed to describe the association of inflammatory biomarkers with clinical characteristics, severity and outcomes among COVID 19 patients in a tertiary tropical and infectious disease hospital in Nepal.

METHODS This was a retrospective observational study where medical and lab records of COVID-19 inpatients (patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)) admitted between April 2021 and September 2021 at Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, representing the second wave of COVID-19 were reviewed. Medical records of the patients were collected till discharge and inflammatory biomarkers were evaluated in relation to clinical presentations, severity and outcome among patients. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 23.

RESULTS A total of 628 COVID-19 confirmed patients admitted in the study period were included in the study, 487 patients (77.5%) improved, 118 (18.8%) expired, and 23 (3.7%) were referred. Severity at presentation was significantly associated with Ferritin (p 0.013), CRP (<0.001), D-dimer levels (0.003) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (<0.001). Fever was found to have significant association with CRP (p<0.001) and ferritin (p 0.004), but not with D-dimer (p 0.587). Non-survivors were found to have significant association with higher ferritin (p <0.001), CRP (p<0.001), D-dimer (p <0.001) and NLR (<0.001). The duration of hospital stay was significantly affected by D-dimer (p 0.001) and CRP levels (p<0.001). Similarly need for mechanical ventilation had significant association with higher levels of Ferritin (p 0.002), CRP (p<0.001), D-dimer (p<0.001) and NLR (<0.001). Serial recordings of D-dimer showed increasing values had significant association with poor outcome (p<0.001).

CONCLUSION Higher values of D-dimer, ferritin, CRP and NLR were associated with higher severity of the COVID-19 disease and poor clinical outcomes including higher duration of hospital stay, higher need for mechanical ventilation and morbidity. Early stratification of disease based on biomarkers can guide early intervention to prevent bad outcomes.
Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations in Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Thapa Bhawesh , Basnet Bhupendra Kumar , Poudyal Nandu Silwal , Shrestha Ramila , Khanal Kiran Kumar , Baral Ram Krishna
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal symptoms and Liver injury have been frequently described in patients with COVID-19.In this study, we aim to study the prevalence of Gastrointestinal symptoms and Liver injury and their impact on disease severity and clinical outcomes.

METHODS This is a descriptive, cross sectional observational study done in 195 patients admitted to Bir Hospital with Corona virus Disease-19(COVID-19) from May 2021 to July 2021.Patients presenting symptoms and liver function tests (LFTs) were noted at admission. Gastrointestinal symptoms were defined as the presence of one of Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain or Diarrhea. Liver injury was defined as elevation of Total Bilirubin > 1mg/dl or Alanine transaminase (ALT) >40U/L, Aspartate Transaminase(AST) >40U/L or Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP)>135 U/L. Patients were followed during hospitalization and outcomes assessed at discharge.

RESULTS Gastrointestinal symptoms were present in 32.3% among which Nausea (27.7%) was the commonest. There was no significant association of Gastrointestinal symptoms with duration of hospital stay, ICU admission or mortality. Liver injury was present in 72.8% patients and significantly more in those with GI symptoms than without GI symptoms. Patients with liver injury had a significantly longer hospital stay (8.92 ± 3.7 days vs 6.70±3.2 days, p=0.004), higher ICU admissions (38.02% vs 7.54% p=0.000018) and mortality (23.23% vs 1.88%, p=0.001) compared to patients with normal LFTs.

CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal symptoms and Liver Injury are common in patients with COVID-19. Liver injury at admission is associated with severe disease and higher mortality. More attention should be given in the care of such patients to avoid poor outcomes.
A Case of Relapsing Polychondritis with Tracheobronchial Involvement
Authors: Gurung Naresh , Shrestha Ashish , Karthak Ashish , Shrestha Sanjeet Krishna , Lama Rakesh , Bhattarai Sanjeet , Shrestha Utsav Kumar , Khatri Sagun
Published: July 2023

Relapsing Polychondritis (RPC) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology and characterized by recurrent and progressive inflammation of the cartilaginous structures, particularly involving the auricles, nose and respiratory tract as well as extra-cartilaginous tissues, including eyes, heart, skin, central nervous and hematological systems. Its diagnosis can be difficult when the typical clinical features such as auricular chondritis are absent. Here, we report on a case of 43-year-old woman who presented with recurrent sore thorat, dysphagia, extertional dyspnea, cough and noisy breathing initially misdiagnosed as acute laryngitis who was eventually diagnosed as Relapsing polychondritis with tracheobronchial involvement. Chest computed tomography showed the diffuse involvement of tracheobronchial cartilage. Based on the, Damiani’s criteria, she was diagnosed as relapsing polychondritis even though there was no unique involvement of auricular cartilage, and high dose steroid and immunosuppressive therapy were then started. This case indicated that patients who have tracheobronchial cartilage involvement without definite auricular chondritis should be considered for relapsing polychondritis as a differential diagnosis. This case is reported to raise awareness of airway involvement in RPC and discuss its current management.
A rare case of single coronary artery with congenital absence of right coronary artery
Authors: Rajbhandari Rajib , Shah Jageshwar Prasad , Pradhan Arya , Dangol Rebika , Dangol Utsav
Published: July 2023

A single coronary artery (SCA) is a relatively rare coronary artery anomaly. Absent right coronary artery (RCA) is the rarest of coronary artery anomalies occurring when the right coronary artery doesn’t develop. In the past 14 years till 2020, only 26 cases of congenital absence of RCA have been reported in 24 articles. We report a rare case of single left coronary artery with congenital absence of right coronary artery detected by coronary angiography and confirmed by coronary CT angiography. The RCA territory was being supplied by a branch from left circumflex (LCX) artery. The patient presented with nonspecific central chest pain. We aim to shed light on this rare anomaly and raise awareness among medical practitioners.
Outcome of Lung Functions in Covid-19 Patients at a Tertiary Care Center of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Koirala Puru , Mehta Ram Kumar , Koirala Swastik Raj , Yadav Gajendra Prasad , Parajuli Surya B , Chaudhary Santosh
Published: July 2023

Background: Novel coronavirus infection has myriad clinical manifestations, such as headache, respiratory failure, and long coronavirus disease syndrome. A common cause for admission is pneumonia, and such patients have shown longer periods of respiratory symptoms and exercise intolerance after discharge. The study aimed to determine short-term and long-term lung function outcomes in coronavirus disease patients.

Materials and Methods: The prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in coronavirus disease facility of Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital. A structured proforma including symptoms, modified medical research council dyspnea scale, 6-minute walk test and portable spirometry were recorded during 3 months follow up.

Results: A total of 58 coronavirus disease patients were admitted, 4 expired. Common symptoms were dyspnea (98.28%), fever (94.8%), dry cough (86.2%), myalgia (17.2%). Mean Forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity ratio was normal. The mean forced vital capacity was 46.52% at admission, 53.33% at 3 months. The mean forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity was 56.91% at admission, 59.31% at 3 months. Mean values of forced expiratory volume predicted was 47.40% at admission, 51.69% at 3 months. Mean 6-minute walk test distance did not improve during follow-up (240.09m at 1 month, 239.35m at 3 months) and there was no improvement in oxygen saturation at 3 months compared to the first month.

Conclusion: Short-term lung function outcome demonstrated persistent dyspnea and development of mixed airways disease in all the survivors. Long-term lung function outcome observed was persistence of dyspnea, mixed airways disease, and low exercise capacity.
Clinico-Epidemiological Profile and Outcome of Poisoning in Children Presenting at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Giri Arun , Sah Vijay Kumar , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Yadav Niraj
Published: July 2023

Background: Pediatric poisoning is common emergency worldwide and represents major and preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The study describes epidemiology and outcome of acute poisonings in children presenting to Nobel Medical College through Emergency and Outpatient department and determines causative agents and characteristics of acute poisoning in several pediatric age groups.

Material and Methods: This was hospital based prospective cross-sectional study which included all acutely poisoned patients under 18yrs age of either sex who presented to Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital during 1year period (January 2021 to December 2021). Various socio-demographic variables, poisoning details, clinical manifestations, treatment given, outcome and complications were entered in predesigned proforma. Data was entered in excel sheet and descriptive analysis was done using SPSS software (version 20).

Results: During the study period total 56 children with poisoning were admitted and enrolled.  The mean age (±SD) of children with poisoning was 8.18 ± 5.50 Years. Poisoning cases werepredominant in male children (n=56, 53.6%). The most common poison wasorganophosphates(OP) compounds (41.1%). More than three-fourth of cases (92.9%) were symptomatic where nausea/vomiting (78.6%) was most common clinical symptoms, About 83.9% children survived, 10.7% expired and 5.4% left against medical advice (LAMA). Complications were seen in about 37.5% where shock was most common complications

Conclusion: Poisoning was common in adolescent age group.Overall nature of poisoning was accidental however, in adolescent age group majority of them were suicidal in nature.Organophosphates (OP) compounds was most common type of poisoning
Perception Regarding Respectful Maternity Care among Postnatal Mothers at Tertiary Centre Hospital, Koshi Province
Authors: Neupane Saraswata , Pokhrel Indira , Singh Rameshwari , Dhakal Ram Prasad
Published: July 2023

Background: Pregnancy and childbirth are momentous events, with deeply personal and social significance in the lives of women, families, and communities. Around the world, in every country and community, pregnancy and childbirth are immensely important events in the lives of women and families. So, the study aimed to assess the perception regarding respectful maternity care among postnatal mothers.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among postnatal mothers at Tertiary Centre Hospital in Koshi Province. The study was started after acquiring approval from the Institutional Review Committee of Nobel Medical College. Data was collected using a face-to-face interview technique with a standardized tool from June 2022 to September 2022.  A total of 102 postnatal mothers were taken as a sample by using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was done by descriptive study.

Results: A total of 102 respondents participated in the study of which 62.7% had received overall dimensions of experienced Respectful Maternity Care (RMC) with a mean score ± SD (51.91 ± 5.56). Likewise, among the four dimensions of RMC, the highest average mean score of 81.96 is observed in the discrimination-free care with an SD of 11.08, where 100 % of the women claimed being received discrimination-free care.

Conclusion: There was a significant association of RMC with residence and the number of ANC visits. Even though RMC prioritizes removing disrespectful and abusive settings from healthcare facilities, one-half of participants felt that they had not utilized all of RMC's offerings.
Analysis of Neonatal Admission Patterns and Clinical Profiles in a Tertiary Care Center: Focus on Neonates Transferred from the Delivery Room to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Khanal Babita , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Pokhrel Sandip , Singh Sandip Kumar , Baral Gehanath , Kafle Prakash
Published: July 2023

Background: Neonatal mortality rate is very high in developing countries despite of advancement in perinatal and neonatal care with reduced neonatal mortality rate in many developed countries. This study aims to identify the reasons of admitting neonates for intensive care after vaginal delivery and their outcome.

Materials and Methods: This is an observational descriptive study conducted for over a year at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital which included newborns delivered vaginally within the hospital. Demographic data of newborn and mother was obtained, birth weight, reason for admission and final outcome were documented. Outcomes were classified as improved with recovery, mortality and discharge on request prior to recovery. Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage and standard deviation were obtained.

Results: Total 117 neonates were admitted to intensive care out of 3452 vaginal deliveries with male to female ratio of 1.9:2. There were 60 (51.3%) preterm, 55 (47%) full term and 2 (1.7%) post term; and 68 (58.1%) were low birth weight. Prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome was the most common cause of admission (34.2%) along with birth asphyxia (29, 24.8%) and meconium aspiration syndrome (20, 17.1%). Positive Airway Pressure was required in 42 (35.9%). Blood Culture positive growth was seen in 17.9% with most common organism being Staphylococcus aureus. Mean stay was 3.75±2.49 days andmortality in the study population was 6.8%.

Conclusion: Prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome, birth asphyxia and meconium aspiration syndrome were major indications for admission of newborns delivered via vaginal deliveries to neonatal intensive care unit. One-fourth required mechanical ventilation.
Seroprevalence of Tuberculosis in Captive Asian Elephants in Nepal
Authors: Nepal G , Gairhe K.P. , Sadaula A , Wasti S
Published: July 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious zoonotic disease, characterized by the development of tubercles resulting in caseation and calcification in the lungs. In elephants, causative agents Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis result in chronic weight loss, anorexia, and weakness with occasional dyspnea or coughing. TB has been a major threat to elephants in Nepal. To date, 17 elephants have died in Nepal due to TB alone. Therefore, this study was undertaken to screen the TB seropositive elephants in Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in captive Asian elephants in four protected areas of Nepal from 22 November 2015 to 17 April 2016. The serum samples were examined for tubercle bacillus antibodies by DPP Vet TB Assay. Out of 92 elephants, 10.87% of elephants were found reactive to the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. There was a non-significant difference in seroprevalence of TB in captive Asian elephants for the sex, age, and location (P>0.05). In a follow-up study, we found that 4 TB seropositive elephants from our study died due to TB and displayed granulomatous tuberculosis lesions with the caseous mass in the lungs on post-mortem examination. Government and non-government stakeholders should jointly formulate effective plans and policies to eradicate tuberculosis from elephants in Nepal.
Gastro-intestinal Parasites of Sheep (Ovis aries, Linnaeus, 1758) in Laxmipur VDC, Dang, Nepal
Authors: Rana G , Subedi J.R.
Published: July 2023

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Evaluation of Ethno-veterinary approaches to Control Ticks in Nepal
Authors: Dahal A , Adhikari B.B. , Shrestha S.P. , Rana H.B.
Published: July 2023

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Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus in Anestrous Cattle of Nawalpur and Chitwan District, Nepal
Authors: Pokharel S , Sharma S , Acharya M.P
Published: July 2023

Chlamydia abortus are gram negative coccoid, obligate intracellular zoonotic bacteria responsible for abortion and other reproductive problems in dairy cattle. This leads to sub-fertility and infertility in cattle thereby causing significant economic losses to dairy farmers. However, the status of Chlamydia abortus in Nawalpur and Chitwan districts, which are the dairy pockets of Nepal, are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to Chlamydia abortus in anestrous dairy cattle of Nawalpur and Chitwan districts in relatively low risk winter season. In total, 92 cattle serum (Nawalpur (n= 27) and Chitwan (n= 65) samples were collected from April 2018 to May 2019 and tested using a Chlamydia abortus specific indirect ELISA kit to evaluate the seropositivity status of cattle. Results showed that only 2 (2.17%) cattle were seropositive for Chlamydia abortus. Both the positive cattle were Jerseys from Nawalpur area with a history of abortion. The ages of the seropositive cattle were 3 and 4 years. In conclusion, there was a low seroprevalence of C. abortus in dairy cattle of Nawalpur and Chitwan districts. The presence of this bacterium suggests that it is likely to be a cause of unidentified abortion in dairy cattle in Nepal. We suggest screening dairy animals for C. abortus infection to minimize this risk.
Assessment of management and reproductive variability among the buffalo farms in Chitwan based on the scores of production efficiency
Authors: Raut R , Devkota B.N. , Gautam G , Shrestha S
Published: July 2023

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Prevalence and identification of sub-clinical mastitis in the commercial cattle of Rupandehi District, Nepal
Authors: Regmi B , Shah M.K. , Pande K.R.
Published: July 2023

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Review of Veterinary Legislation for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases of Animals and its Situation in Nepal
Authors: Karki S , Rana S , Sharma B.K. , Ghimire N.P. , Chand B.B. , Sharma B , Bhatta K , Pathak P , Karki N.P.S.
Published: July 2023

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Cysticercosis in Nepal: A Review
Authors: Subedi D , Subedi S , Gautam A , Bhandari S , Kandel M
Published: July 2023

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Recent Dynamics of Poultry Production in Nepal: Food Security to Sustainable Production
Authors: Neupane R , Kaphle K
Published: July 2023

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Investigating the presence of Oesophagostomum species in slaughtered goats in the central Nepal
Authors: Ghimire T.R. , Bhattarai A
Published: July 2023

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Alteration in Blood Parameters in Dairy Cows Affected with Acute /Chronic Mastitis: A Short Communication
Authors: Adhikari A , Khadka K
Published: July 2023

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