bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Workplace mobility: Comparing business models of early adopters in traditional businesses with consulting firms
Authors: Barber Christine , Garnar-Wortzel Andrew , Morris Trex G.
Published: July 2024

Technology has long been the catalyst for challenging traditional workplace practices, as its capabili-ties have the power to transform the way people live, work and communicate. Some companies recognised early on that technology would have a profound impact on their business models, productivity and cost structures, and they became the pioneers of mobile work practices. Heavily represented by the technology and consulting industries, whose business processes and work product made it easier to transition to mobile work, these early adopters still encountered the same cultural barriers faced by any company trying to im-plement a mobile work programme, regardless of industry. Today, mobility programmes are becoming more widespread, predominantly among finance, insurance and pharmaceutical companies, which are responding to a new business landscape that is driving the pursuit of mobile work. This is also fuelled by the availability of more sophisticated tools, technologies and processes that make it easier to identify real estate opportuni-ties in relation to mobility, along with tools that can prepare an organisation for a mobile work programme. In this paper, the mobile work initiatives of hoteling pioneer Ernst & Young are compared with those of more traditional companies which represent a second wave of early adopters. It not only outlines an ap-proach for successfully implementing a mobility programme, but also illustrates best current practices, and makes a business case for mobility that quantifies the benefits for both companies and employees alike.
Hotel values in London 2012 and beyond
Authors: Smith Tim
Published: July 2024

2012 was the year of the perfect marketing storm. What better publicity could the city of London secure than the Queen's Diamond Jubilee and the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games? But now the party is over, will the guests disperse and demand for hotel rooms fall? Or will the trading performance of hotels, and therefore values, enjoy a longer period in the sun? This paper examines the state of London's hotel market and casts an eye over likely values for 2013.
The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board’s self-regulatory organisation (SRO) model
Authors: Post Michael L.
Published: July 2024

The concept of self-regulation in the United States securities markets, codified by Congress in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, combines government and industry responsibility with the goal of promoting effective and efficient regulation that uses the oversight capabilities of the federal government, but reduces the burden on its limited resources. The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (MSRB) is the self-regulatory organisation (SRO) for the municipal securities market. Established in 1975, the MSRB’s statutory mission is to protect investors, state and local governments and other municipal entities, and the public interest by promoting a fair and efficient municipal securities market. The MSRB fulfills its mission in part by involving and benefiting from market participants with a deep understanding of the complexities and nuances of securities trading, disclosure practices and other critical market functions. The MSRB’s SRO model has enabled the municipal securities market to grow into a US$3.8 trillion capital market that provides reliable, long-term income for investors, and supports infrastructure financing, economic development and job creation. The appropriate combination of government and industry oversight also has earned the municipal securities market the confidence of investors, bond issuers and market professionals.
Browser isolation as an enterprise security control
Authors: Harrison Henry
Published: July 2024

Browser isolation is a category of security control that allows users of sensitive endpoint devices to access potentially risky web content without putting their devices at risk of compromise by malware. A key use case is to provide web access from the privileged access workstations that should be used by those with elevated system privileges such as systems administrators. If endpoints for such users are compromised, then the attacker may gain the ‘keys to the kingdom’, making the risk of direct access to unknown and untrusted websites too high. Browser isolation, however, may also be used as a control to protect endpoints for broader classes of users to prevent attacks such as phishing e-mails containing malicious uniform resource locators (URLs). In order to form a useful control, browser isolation must deliver a significant ‘step up’ in security compared to the extensive web security already typically deployed within the enterprise, both in third-party security products such as proxies and endpoint agents, and within existing browser software such as Google Chrome. The Browser Isolation security model depends critically on the data transfer format between an untrusted component responsible for processing risky web content and a trusted component responsible for transmitting information to the user’s endpoint. The gold standard in this area is a technique known as ‘pixel pushing’, whereby risky web content is transformed into raw pixels. Beyond today’s implementations, browser isolation may likely play a broader role in future, in keeping with the role that equivalent technologies already play within the military and intelligence sectors, as referenced by a recent White House memorandum.
Smart banks can win: Leveraging next-generation technology to win the battle for the customer relationship
Authors: Deluca Norman J.
Published: July 2024

The banking industry is in a period of transformation as FinTechs have infiltrated the market with innovative, easy-to-access and easy-to-use financial solutions designed to meet the evolving needs of lucrative commercial customers. This change in the industry presents banks with a huge opportunity – but only for those who are willing to think differently. This paper outlines the challenges banks face, as well as the steps they need to take if they hope to emerge victorious from this battle. The guidance covered will focus on how banks can capitalise on the lucrative small and medium-sized business (SMB) segment by delivering an intuitive, engaging and seamless customer experience; solidifying the core relationships that drive business and commercial banking competitiveness; harnessing the power of innovation to drive new sources of fee income and defend against the threat of disintermediation; and sustaining their profitable role as a trusted consolidator and digital intermediary.
Engineering risk-based anonymisation solutions for complex data environments
Authors: Arbuckle Luk , Mian Muhammad Oneeb Rehman
Published: July 2024

Technological advancements have dramatically increased the ability to collect, store and process vast quantities of data. The general applicability and precision of analytical tools in artificial intelligence and machine learning have driven organisations to leverage these advances to process personal data in new and innovative ways. As stewards of personal data, organisations need to keep that data safe and ensure processing is legal and appropriate. Having more data, however, has also led to an increased interest to process personal data for purposes other than why they were originally collected, known as secondary purposes. The reuse of personal data introduces important regulatory challenges, increasing the need to disassociate data used for secondary purposes from personal data, be it to safeguard the data, support a legitimate interest, or anonymise the data. Whereas some academics have focused on specific issues preventing more widespread adoption of this privacy-enhancing technology, others have reframed the discussion around anonymisation as risk management. Combining technology-enabled processes with measures of identifiability provides an opportunity to meet complex business needs while ensuring best practice is adopted in reusing sensitive data. This paper examines these many considerations and demonstrates how risk-based anonymisation can and should be detailed, evidence based and objectively supported through measures of identifiability. The engineering of privacy solutions, through the application of risk-based anonymisation, is also briefly explored for complex use cases involving data lakes and hub and spoke data collection, to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of real-world riskbased anonymisation in practice.
Preventing market abuse: Can market surveillance really improve amid fragmentation and low-cost competition?
Authors: Von Haartman Annika
Published: July 2024

Stock exchanges perform a vital function in society by enabling the listing and trading of securities. At the same time they have an obligation to maintain high-quality market surveillance in order to maintain public confidence in the securities market. The main challenges facing market surveillance today are increased fragmentation and abusive trading practices.
Access, acceptance and use of payment instruments in Colombia
Authors: Martinez Constanza
Published: July 2024

Individual decisions about whether or not to use the payment instruments offered by credit entities depends on their access cost. Their use, however, is inevitably determined by the administrative costs of each instrument, people’s preferences and merchants’ level of acceptance. The use of credit cards, cheques and orders for electronic funds transfers is more common in developed countries than in emerging countries such as Colombia, where less than half the population have access to these alternative forms of payment. In the case of this country, the fundamental predictors of the consumers’ preferences with respect to payment are people’s education and income. Meanwhile, accepting such instruments depends on the sales volume of the business and the degree of formality with which the business has been established. Thus, the propensity to use payment instruments other than cash is greater among people with high and medium levels of education and income, whereas its acceptance is more common in commercial establishments that are large and have a high sales volume.
Beyond crowdsourcing: Working with donors, student fieldworkers, and community scholars to improve cultural heritage collection metadata
Authors: Payant Andrea , Skeen Becky , Arnljots Anna-Maria , Williams Randy
Published: July 2024

Utah State University Libraries (USU) employs community-based crowdsourcing metadata practices that provide in-depth, collaborative strategies that go beyond more commonly used collecting methods. Improved metadata quality is a result of working closely with donors, community scholars, students, and the public to describe cultural heritage collections fairly and thoroughly. This article provides an overview of successful ways to collaborate with those outside of traditional library units to create more diverse, equitable and inclusive descriptions of archival resources.
Reimagining airport security: Organisational culture trumps cultivating a ‘security culture’
Authors: Eng Howard , Sullivan Jennifer
Published: July 2024

It is no exaggeration to say that the safety and security of employees and the travelling public is the industry’s highest priority. Much has been written and discussed at industry conferences on cultivating a ‘security culture’, but airports must start by developing an overarching organisational culture with one set of values — a shared playbook, so to speak — which can inform actions across a variety of endeavours, including those related to safety and security. To get consistent results, values must be seen to be pervasive, permeating every corner of the organisation. As such, senior leadership is responsible not only for setting the example for these values, but also for facilitating their propagation throughout the airport. Cultivating a strong organisational culture, in combination with the latest in safety and security training, guards against apathy and helps experts and lay people alike do the right thing in essentially any foreseeable scenario.
Stress test design
Authors: Canabarro Eduardo
Published: July 2024

This paper offers thoughts and ideas on the implementation of a company-specific stress test programme and focuses on the design of the stress test scenarios. In particular, it discusses the integration and coherence of the macroeconomic, market, credit, counterparty and operational risk scenarios. Certain specific features are recommended to enhance the stress test of market, counterparty and operational risks: the explicit consideration of the hedging and liquidity dynamics of trading portfolios, automated reverse stress testing for identification of market risk vulnerabilities, simulation of dynamic hedging costs of credit valuation adjustments (CVAs) and the averaging across different models to mitigate misspecification error and obtain more reliable estimates of stressed operational losses. All the above is framed within the context of the Federal Reserve's Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) programme.
Using ‘Storytelling thinking’ for advancement
Authors: Mcdowell Kate , Cook Elizabeth Mcgreal
Published: July 2024

This paper provides tools for using storytelling to accomplish advancement goals. It describes an ongoing collaboration between campus-level Advancement and a faculty member who specialises in storytelling, both at the University of Illinois. Our work involves bringing tools from storytelling, which we call storytelling thinking, to help advancement professionals enhance organisational effectiveness. Participants learn how to choose what to tell, how to select what to ask philanthropists and when to listen, and how to mobilise storytelling to make more meaningful and effective connections to serve Advancement goals.
The ‘borrowed interest’ appeal: Brands riding the wave of popular events and memes in the digital age
Authors: Hsu Chung-Kue (Jennifer)
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the practice of borrowed interest marketing that attempts to associate brands with popular current events and Internet memes. Brand managers are recommended to apply the six criteria in the ADPLAN framework (ie attention, distinction, positioning, linkage, amplification and net equity) to evaluate the potential strategic impact of capitalising on trending cultural topics. This paper concludes with practical implications and cautions regarding brands’ use of borrowed interest appeal.
Mitigating risks by integrating business continuity and security
Authors: Shaw Scott , Smith Nicholas
Published: July 2024

There has been much discussion regarding the topic of business continuity and security convergence. This paper provides a realistic overview of the union of the two disciplines and offers no/low-cost programme elements that may be used for organisations considering or in the midst of convergence efforts
The agile content marketing roadmap: Integrating strategy and execution
Authors: Van Loon Bert
Published: July 2024

This paper analyses the challenge of developing an adaptive strategic process for content marketing that fits a continuously changing internal and external environment. It presents a visual framework, published under Creative Commons, where strategy and execution are integrated in an agile process.
Airport automation in Australasia: A possible way forward
Authors: Lyon David
Published: July 2024

As airports have evolved into commercial entities, the need to both improve commercial returns and interact with multiple other stakeholders has increased. This paper takes a managerial perspective to airport automation in respect of both Australia and New Zealand and proposes a more collective approach to moving forwards with key stakeholders such as airlines and air traffic management providers.
Outsourcing and collaboration: What to expect now?
Authors: Triance Clive
Published: July 2024

The world is changing faster than has ever been seen before, technology is accelerating everything, artificial intelligence is here, robotic engineering is happening, natural voice and language technologies are beginning to become real-voice technologies, the lines are blurring, and the way customers, clients and consumers demand interaction has changed forever. The pressure from fintech development is brutal. It is fast and it is disruptive, and in the midst of all this, many large organisations are affected by falling profits due to the COVID-19 crisis. This paper discusses how these firms need to be able to articulate their values clearly to their buyers of services and they need to remain relevant in the ‘new normal’. It analyses how, to survive and thrive, large financial services firms need to uncouple expensive costs for nondifferentiating processing and the associated support and redirect their investments to things that add value and form their unique selling proposition. Across the board in financial services, large global and regional firms are reconsidering their operating models and accelerating to find global trusted partners that offer complete outsourcing solutions. The options are to change now or to become meaningless, potentially obsolete. For those that move quickly, uncouple people and information technology costs and deliver the changes that matter, then the picking will be rich, but the window is small for everyone and closing fast. The next generation has a different view of what they want and how they want it. It is time to plug in to change or be left behind. How will you change to meet this challenge?
Add water and they will come? Demographic assessment of place-based canal-oriented development
Authors: Buckman Stephen , Hamdan Abeer
Published: July 2024

Developers, policymakers and planners alike have examined ways to create pockets of greater urban density within a city’s core to attract new urban dwellers, bringing about a rebirth of the city. One example is the construction of a waterfront development to attract people and rebrand cities, which is limited by the geologic setting of an area that dictates the viability of a waterfront community. Thus, landlocked cities that do not have extensive waterfronts have considered potential water-centred developments via canal-oriented development (COD). This paper examines the notion of COD as an urban development driver through analysing census data and statistical analyses of seven COD sites throughout the USA. The results of this study show that three of the seven sites reveal statistically significant differences in demographic factors, with the other four having mixed significance. This work lends insight to academics and governments to determine the success of COD as a redevelopment tool.
Design of experiments has not been used more widely by marketing despite its proven track record
Authors: Frey Jonathan , Haller Harold S.
Published: July 2024

In the global competitive marketplace, great products are coveted by consumers. Marketing continues to raise the bar on products that will delight customers and gain market share. Design of experiments is a well-established protocol for designing, developing and improving products and processes, which can be used to help development and production achieve marketing’s goals. The efficiency of experimental designs is a key feature that product developers and engineers can leverage in designing products in the resource-constrained business environment. The depth of information gained from following the experimental design protocol and the continual improvement cycle provides the developer or engineer great insights into what is important to the product and the customer. This paper presents three case studies to demonstrate the power of the experimental design protocol in developing products to meet marketing’s needs.
Flood damage: The surveyor's challenge
Authors: Ilott Roy
Published: July 2024

These thoughts will not be new to the experienced building surveyor, but a professional reputation is often influenced by those with less experience. This paper has been written to assist those who are new to surveying. Those who may consider its comments to be too obvious may need to exercise some patience. These are the author's opinions and they are not necessarily shared by the RICS. This paper is an extended version of a short piece produced for the RICS on flooding, for circulation during the spring floods.
Building a brand socially
Authors: Hudspeth Neil
Published: July 2024

We are living in a transformative and disruptive era. Widely distributed and accessible tools and services that empower anyone with online access, in conjunction with changing consumer expectations and behaviour on the back of the worst financial crises we have experienced in our lifetime, have created a transformative and disruptive digital era — one rich with opportunity and danger in equal measure. The challenge for brands, whether corporate, FMCG, government, individual or business-to-business is an exciting and complex one, requiring new strategies to navigate evolving consumer touch points within ecosystems. Many brands have learned to adapt and succeed in the new digital world, others are still struggling to leverage and manage the complexities, obstructed by legacy success criteria and traditional marketing and media mindsets. The role of social media in this exhilarating and often intimidating landscape is unique and unequivocally value-based. After all, in all relationships, whether they are personal, professional or commercial, emotional or rational, people need to feel valued. And some might say now more than ever before, given the insecurities and distrust following the global financial crises.
Why Detroit matters: Part 1
Authors: Jackson Betsy , Leary Margaret A.
Published: July 2024

Founded in 1701 as a French fur-trading post, Detroit, Michigan, evolved from a port in the 18th century to a major manufacturing centre at the end of the 19th century. At the dawn of the 20th century, the city turned from making wagons and train cars to churning out automobiles and perfecting assembly line production. Detroit became the ‘Arsenal of Democracy’ during the Second World War and reinvented itself as Motown after the war. But, starting in the mid-1950s, after two and a half centuries of continuous expansion, Detroit’s economy was decimated in a mere 65 years by racial tensions, ‘white flight’ — loss of jobs, population, tax base and reputation — and a lack of leadership on the tsunami of debt. While the private sector began reinvesting in downtown in the late 1990s, public-sector debt grew and eventually led to insolvency. US law — unlike that of other industrialised nations — allows municipalities to declare bankruptcy to wipe out most debt. Although there are many financially distressed American cities, few have declared bankruptcy. Detroit is the largest to date and was made more complicated by the involvement of an ‘emergency manager’ — an intervenor appointed by the Governor of Michigan and granted extra-governmental powers. This, the first in a trilogy of papers, provides historical background, describes public-sector bankruptcy and introduces the most important players in the bankruptcy drama — among them three mayors, two judges, the emergency manager and Michigan’s governor. The second paper will outline the legal process of municipal bankruptcy, introduce the creditors who fought to preserve their financial position, discuss the threat to the Detroit Institute of Art’s collection and describe the ‘grand bargain’ without which the bankruptcy would have descended into the mire of endless lawsuits. The final paper will lay out the aftermath of this titanic drama — the effect on reinvestment and the ‘lessons learned’ by the cast of players and the community as a whole — and describe the substantial obstacles that remain to creating a robust and sustainable future for Detroit in the 21st century and beyond.
Repairs to structurally-unsound buildings using helical stainless steel reinforcement
Authors: Smith Bernie
Published: July 2024

This paper describes the merits of using helical steel to repair structurally-unsound buildings, instead of traditional demolition and rebuild. It promotes the use of helical steel as a way of maintaining the existing structure and reintroducing structural stability back into it, using a more economical solution. It explains the basic methods used and the types of application it can be used for. It tells the benefits of using a product that creates minimal disruption to the masonry, giving a concealed, structurally-reliable repair. The paper gives one case study as an example of using this system on a listed building, and describes how this benefited the client and the local authority.
Municipal resilience: A paradigm shift in emergency and continuity management
Authors: Solecki Greg , Luchia Mike
Published: July 2024

More than a decade of emergency and continuity management vision was instrumental in providing the unprecedented level of response and recovery from the great flood of 2013. Earlier assessments, planning and validation promulgated development of corporate continuity, emergency and contingency plans along with tactical, strategic and recovery operations centres that all led to a reliable emergency management model that will continue to provide the backbone for municipal resilience.
Get the most out of web traffic: Tactics and strategies to increase on-site conversion
Authors: Farsaii Pedram
Published: July 2024

Conversion rate optimisation is crucial for today’s digital marketer. With a plethora of efforts dedicated to driving new traffic to a website, marketers can take better advantage of data to convert these users in a rapidly evolving digital landscape. This paper examines how: (1) using remarketing dollars spent across targeted segments is more cost-effective than spending budget equally across the traditional conversion funnel; (2) every door into a website illuminates important conversion insights of acquisition channel strength, user experience and visitor drop-off; and (3) testing tactics such as page overlays can drive more conversions.
Shifting the donor landscape paradigm: Strategies for increasing engagement and philanthropy among donors of colour
Authors: Coates Alyssia , Gatling Ladaniel
Published: July 2024

In 2019, Brown University's Advancement Division established a diversity and inclusion major gifts role to fundraise for diversity and inclusion initiatives at Brown. Approximately US$165m was included in the US$3bn ‘BrownTogether’ fundraising campaign to support historically underrepresented groups (HUGS) as part of the university's Pathways to Diversity and Inclusion: An Action Plan for Brown University (now known as the Diversity and Inclusion Action Plan, or DIAP). The inaugural Director for Development for Diversity and Inclusion (DDDI) is charged with increasing donor engagement and participation within HUG populations and overall giving to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) priorities. Brown's Senior Vice President for Advancement charged the whole Division with 1) increasing awareness of DEI fundraising initiatives for all alumni and 2) increasing engagement and philanthropy among alumni of colour. The initial opportunity to achieve the first goal was for Advancement colleagues to engage the full spectrum of Brown alumni in supporting diversity initiatives. Across the country and in higher education, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the murder of George Floyd and issues of racial justice injustice among Black people shed new light on the effects of racism in America and brought greater understanding to groups of people who historically were not aware of the lived experiences of those enduring racism in this country. This helped to motivate more majority constituent donors to give to DEI initiatives. During this time, more Brown constituents became aware of the university's DEI initiatives, and the Advancement Division realised that donors from all backgrounds were interested in supporting them. As a result, Brown Advancement collectively raised over US$30m for DEI priorities in one fiscal year. Through this paper, readers will learn what steps Brown University took to work collaboratively, nurture engagement and philanthropy among donors of colour and promote DEI initiatives to the wider donor community during the dual national crises.
340B: A program worth fighting for
Authors: Slafsky Ted , Ramsey David L.
Published: July 2024

The federal 340B drug discount program is essential to helping safety net providers meet their missions to treat the underserved. The program is under heavy attack in Washington, DC by the drug industry, which wants to gut it to maximise profits. At stake is US$4.5bn in savings that funds free/low-cost medicines for the needy and a panoply of clinical and pharmacy services to help uninsured and underinsured Americans. Strong advocacy from health providers is crucially needed to protect the 340B program. The authors present a strategy to clearly and publicly state the benefits of the program to the media and Congress.
Is your information security ecosystem consuming poisonous information and putting your enterprise at risk?
Authors: Mackay Gordon
Published: July 2024

Information security practices and technology are rapidly evolving. Security specialists are tasked to stay up to date on the current trends and to examine and implement integrated defences that require intelligence from different information security solutions in an effort to confirm that information assets are properly protected. In today’s security ecosystems, the challenge becomes greater because systems are integrated to process more information at a rapid pace in an effort to effectively protect organisations from cybercrime. This paper explores how most vulnerability management (VM) solutions that are central to every enterprise’s information security program may contain a serious hidden flaw that could result in highly inaccurate conclusions and even higher levels of security risk exposure. The flaw present within VM solutions is related to the challenge of correlating hosts, as scanned at one point in time, to their correct counterparts, as scanned at a different point in time. This paper details the issue, consequences of inaccurate correlation and recommendations to overcome this problem.
Enabling financial inclusion in developing economies
Authors: Ghunaim Nabeel
Published: July 2024

This paper addresses the adverse effects of closedloop mobile payments on developing economies and investigates several market-led attempts to overcome the barriers of closed-loop mobile payments and enhance financial inclusion. The paper also describes the approaches taken by Tanzania, Pakistan and Jordan, and discusses their challenges and outcomes.
The governance of value(s)
Authors: Koenig David R.
Published: July 2024

Based on excerpts from Governance Reimagined: Organizational Design, Risk and Value Creation, to be published by John Wiley & Sons, May 2012, the author explores the relationship between value and the pursuit of values with a specific focus on the role that resiliency plays in our ability to be successful in creating value. Psychological influences such as loss avoidance are greatly underappreciated and forms of corporate governance like network governance can play an important role in minimising the impact of these factors, along with enhancing the ability of organisations to create value.
On aggregate model risk management: Focus on stress testing
Authors: Shi Yan , Young H. Walter , Cao Ran
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, financial institutions, especially banks around the globe, have adopted and significantly relied on models of different kinds in their day-to-day operations in loan underwriting, hedging, trading accounts, business planning, stress testing, budgeting, performance reporting, risk management and new product exploration, and so on. Therefore, bad design or implementation of models can expose financial institutions and the financial system to considerable financial risk. Unlike common risk types such as credit risk, market risk and operational risk, however, which have been studied by academia and the financial industry for decades, effective management of model risk remains a new and hot-button issue. More specifically, many studies have been conducted on the identification of model risk via model validation. However there is still not an established industry standard practice for the measurement and mitigation of model risk. This paper proposes a practical framework to measure model risk, based on extensive research and industry practice experiences. The framework will potentially address the difficulties surrounding the quantification of financial model risk and aggregate model risk, while commonalities and interdependencies among models should be noted and measured.
Improvise, overcome and adapt your CMS to changing times
Authors: Berman Michael
Published: July 2024

Compliance has unfairly earned a reputation for uncompromising rigidity, but the reality is that the compliance function is just as capable of and reliant on creative thinking and problem solving as any other department. But for this to happen, compliance needs the right resources and support — including a compliance management system (CMS) built to support improvisation and adaptability so that financial institutions can effectively overcome compliance challenges. From outside events such as the COVID-19 pandemic to internal goals such as growth, the operational environment of financial institution’s requires a distinct combination of flexibility and prescriptive institutional policies and procedures. This paper offers four building blocks for a compliance management system to achieve this balance: a risk management mindset, standardisation, policy and procedure management and resource prioritisation. It reviews recent enforcement actions to illustrate why these elements are essential to a CMS that can keep pace with environmental and regulatory change.
Recent grad refresh: Carleton University’s transformed approach to building relationships with new alumni
Authors: Mckinnon Sarah
Published: July 2024

As alumni donor bases continue to mature, devoting resources and energy to welcoming new alumni and cultivating philanthropic relationships is essential. Following consultation with recent graduates, Carleton University developed a refreshed strategy to guide communications, engagement and solicitation with its newest alumni. In the two years since implementation, beginning in 2019, Carleton has seen an increase in the number of new donors and revenue, as well as positive indicators of engagement. This paper outlines the approach Carleton took to audit its existing practices and offers a comprehensive account of the process of developing and implementing this new strategy. The refreshed approach is one that emphasises inclusion and provides value to alumni. This revamped strategy has bolstered donor acquisition, resulting in an increase in the number of recent grad donors and revenue while improving engagement with new alumni. Specific tactics used to cultivate and solicit recent grads are detailed, demonstrating their effectiveness in developing better relationships with alumni at Carleton.
Simple is smart and other lessons from the Global Brand Simplicity Index
Authors: Belk Howard , Rafferty Brian
Published: July 2024

Consumers are always seeking the products, services and experiences that will improve the quality of people's lives. Those brands that effectively employ simplicity — by providing a consistent experience, easy access and clear presentation — tend to come out on top. This paper conveys the findings in Siegel 1 Gale's 2011 Global Simplicity Index, an output of global brand ratings based on an online survey of more than 6,000 consumers across seven countries. Most important, the survey articulates and underscores the across-the-board demand for simplicity from consumers trying to navigate their way through an increasingly complicated world. In addition, the paper illustrates how many brands are leaving money on the table by failing to embrace simplicity in their communications and interaction with consumers. Also included are Siegel 1 Gale's ‘Simple How-Tos’ for harnessing brand simplicity.
Neighbourhood planning: A new approach to consensus building?
Authors: Crabtree Phil , Mackay Ian
Published: July 2024

The creation of a top-down planning system with the express purpose of delivering growth through housing development, and the loss of local control over development is a long way from the bottom-up, community-driven process originally envisaged in open-source planning. In contrast, the neighbourhood planning process offers local communities, working with local authorities and others, a genuine way of influencing and shaping their own future. Leeds has seen a particularly high level of interest in neighbourhood planning, in contrast with many other local authorities in the Leeds City region and beyond. This is probably due to the ambitious target for housing growth (70,000 new homes by 2028), well-organised parish and town councils and strong community forums, both within neighbourhoods and with the city council through previous work on supplementary planning guidance. Not surprisingly, initial interest came from the leafy, middle-class, parished suburbs, where there is a strong desire to manage and resist development, but the authors note that more deprived, inner-city communities are also embracing the opportunity to improve and develop their neighbourhood through local empowerment and meaningful involvement in the decision-making process. It is suggested that this has heralded a shift in approach from ‘doing to’ to ‘working with’. The paper focuses on two contrasting examples of neighbourhood planning work: Thorp Arch (rural locations with large industrial estate), and Holbeck (inner-city, deprived area). Thorp Arch is facing a large-scale housing development with supporting facilities and services, while Holbeck has a true bottom up approach with big ambitions and a desire for growth and investment.
Adhering to GDPR codes of conduct: A possible option for SMEs to GDPR certification
Authors: Lachaud Eric
Published: July 2024

The paper shows that adherence to a code of conduct (CoC) offers small and medium enterprises (SMEs) an interesting option to a certification obtained under Article 42 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Adhering controllers or processors benefit from similar rights to the one attached to certification without having to demonstrate conformity with the content of the CoC. Moreover, CoCs offer a set of customised guidelines, approved by a data protection authority (DPA(s)) that are accessible for free and designed to facilitate GDPR implementation. The functional scope that might be covered by CoCs is already wider than the one offered by certification, allowing controllers and processors to demonstrate compliance with a broader range of GDPR requirements. Nevertheless, using a CoC instead of certification presents some disadvantages. CoCs have a sectoral coverage limiting availability to the covered sectors. The adherence to a CoC does not grant any seal to signal compliance to end users. The likely competition between national business representatives to draft their own CoC entails the risk of inconsistencies between one member state and another. This risk is fostered by the absence of mutual recognition between national CoCs and the absence of mechanisms to prevent duplicates at national and European levels. The option chosen by the European lawmaker to entrust the accreditation of monitoring bodies to the DPA leaves some questions open on the capacity of DPAs to handle that task. Many of them have already complained about the shortage of resources, and accreditation will require hiring additional specialised profiles. Nevertheless, adhering to a GDPR CoC, when available, offers advantages over certification that should be considered by SMEs when they seek to comply with the accountability requirement set by the GDPR.
De-risking the future — A case study: DFW Airport driving innovation and reducing risk on the road to autonomy
Authors: Brinkerhoff Jodie
Published: July 2024

The coming wave of autonomous vehicles (AVs) presents a conundrum. Under the weight of millions of annual passengers, non-aeronautical revenue streams that feature parking and rental cars as top-line items and the business operation needs of today, airports risk erosion of revenue streams and upended operations as AVs come forward. When you consider the pervasive opportunity autonomous technology brings to passenger transport, cargo and ground support equipment, aircraft taxi bots, lawn mowers and delivery robots, the risks are widespread. How might this emerging technology be planned for in an environment that requires years-long planning for infrastructure? How might a future be envisioned where cars park themselves — or cease to require parking because they dutifully return home empty to their garage after a customer drop-off? The questions continue and the answers are unclear. What is clear is that the opportunity to take advantage of these technologies is immense. The time to initiate planning is now, even though solutions are still shrouded in ambiguity. Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport's (DFW) mission, ‘Travel. Transformed’ is not an endpoint, but rather a constantly evolving vision of what is possible. Innovation is a highly visible component of DFW's strategic plan, and a foundational element of its approach to meeting key results. This paper highlights DFW's efforts around autonomous technologies and their multi-pronged approach to innovation — an approach that features a discipled process, cross-functional programme management and a steadfast commitment to people.
OFAC sanctions compliance: Insights from recent enforcement actions
Authors: Scott Ben
Published: July 2024

This paper analyses recent sanctions enforcement actions and settlements involving the United States Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). OFAC enforcement actions provide concrete examples of how deficiencies in organisations’ sanctions compliance programmes can lead to sanctions violations. The paper examines recent enforcement actions involving UniCredit Bank AG, Western Union and others, explaining how the organisations breached their obligations under OFAC sanctions laws and how OFAC applied its enforcement guidelines in applying penalties. The purpose is to provide organisations with an overview of key areas of focus for OFAC sanctions compliance, based on recent enforcement trends.
Meeting airport capacity demand using new technologies and innovations
Authors: Aulman Joeri
Published: July 2024

Given social and land constraints, airports find it challenging to meet growing air traffic demand. Investments in new technologies and innovations, however, can help such airports squeeze more handling capacity out of their key facilities and optimise capacity, by using real-time data and predictive planning. This paper describes one particularly successful case study: Schiphol.
Central bank digital currency: The new kid on the block?
Authors: Moser Thomas
Published: July 2024

The emergence of cryptocurrencies and stablecoins has prompted many central banks to study the issuance of digital central bank money. This raises the question of whether central banks should also use Blockchain technology. A notable challenge here is the scalability of Blockchain technology. Another challenge arises from the need to strike the right balance between know-your-customer requirements and privacy protection. Both problems are easier to solve without Blockchain. Blockchain, however, needs a means of payment. This paper therefore argues that central bank digital currency (CBDC) does not need Blockchain, but that Blockchain needs CBDC.
The theoretical potential of algorithmic and automated pricing to increase company value
Authors: Rathnow Peter , Zeller Benjamin , Lederer Matthias
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the potential benefits and challenges of algorithmic and automated pricing for businesses and critically examines the associated ethical and legal implications. To this end, in this first part of a two-part study, seven areas of discussion were identified in which the future of algorithmic pricing can be described in an overall view (eg data, resource allocation). Within these areas, a total of nine central hypotheses (eg what effects it will have on competitive situations and the development of user acceptance) were developed on the basis of current scientific findings. The overall study takes a customer-centric approach and proposes that algorithmic pricing should be seen not only as a tool to maximise profits, but as a strategy that creates added value for both the company and the consumer. In the second part of the study (to be published in the next issue of the journal), the hypotheses developed in this paper will be evaluated by experts in the field.
Airport management: You cannot manage what you cannot measure
Authors: Hen Christiaan
Published: July 2024

This paper will discuss how current challenges in airport management can be addressed by means of increased operational control. The paper will show that the availability and correct usage of operational data can help solve many of the headaches airport managers face today. The paper starts with an overview of the key developments that led to today's challenges, which will then be described. Next, how real-time and historical data can be used to address these challenges will be presented. Real-world examples will be used to illustrate that this is not just theory, but that tangible results are very much achievable. Finally, the paper will conclude with a summary of best practices that enable and facilitate the adoption of data-driven operations.
AI model risk: What the current model risk management framework can teach us about managing the risks of AI models
Authors: Souza Catarina
Published: July 2024

The rapid adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) among financial institutions in recent years creates several opportunities, but also presents significant risks that require adequate risk management. Despite advances in recent years, AI regulation remains fragmented. This creates a challenge for financial institutions when looking for guidance on how to address the emerging risks presented by the use of AI. Given the complexity and speed of revision, AI models tend to propagate and amplify existing model risk. This grants them the potential to be more harmful, and raises important model ethics concerns. This paper discusses how the existing model risk management framework can offer important lessons for financial institutions on how to tackle these emerging risks. Additionally, the paper explores possible enhancements to the model risk management framework in order to address the unique challenges posed by AI models. These include adapting governance and policies, including model ethics considerations; enhancing model risk identification and classification; and updating model life cycles, with an emphasis on data management, model development, validation and monitoring. While the author agrees that AI risks are diverse in nature, the focus of the paper is on the risks derived from the use and development of AI models.