bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Optimization Design of New Type F-Nail Nailing Machine
Authors: Shan Gen Li , Liu Wen Xue , Chen Hong Bo
Published: August 2011

Welded structure is usually used in current nailing machines. When a nailing machine was used for a period of time, the base of the machine was deformed, so products produced with the machines become waste. The reason for these problems is that the design of window shape around the body column plate is unreasonable, so the plate often cracks. In addition, the hydraulic system in current nailing machines is unreasonable too, which makes production less efficient. Aiming the current problems of the nailing machine, finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analysis and find the machine’s stress concentration areas. According to the analysis results, the shape and size of these areas are re-designed, which has the minimum area stress and deformation. The welded machine body is changed into a casted one, and the other modules are also re-build, all of which make the machine has longer service life. Through the process analysis, the hydraulic system is re-designed too, which improves the equipment productivity greatly.
Modification Mechanism of the ZTA Ceramic Powders with Stearic Acid
Authors: Hou Xiao Bei , Xiao Jian Zhong , Xia Feng , Zhang Qi , Zhou Dong Yi
Published: August 2011

In this study, ZTA powder is modified by SA with different concentrations (0wt%, 1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%) for the purpose of improving its properties. The effects of SA on microstructure, particle size distribution and flowability of the ZTA powder are investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM), laser diffraction analyzer and self-made testing device of the angle of repose. After treatment, the average diameter of the powder decreases, the powder shows better dispersibility and flowability especially when the content of SA is 3wt%. FTIR spectroscopy is employed to evaluate the effect of SA coating on ZTA powder. The results indicate that a covalent bond is formed by the reaction between the hydroxyl group of ZTA surface and carboxyl group of stearic acid. Moreover, the changing of the polarity of ZTA powder can result in a stable dispersion in organic solvents.
Study on the Heat Sealable Property of Biaxially Oriented Polyester Film
Authors: Dong Xing Guang
Published: August 2011

This paper has studied heat sealable properties of biaxially oriented polyester film modified by isophthalic acid(IPA) and neopentyl glycol (NPG). The seal force of heat sealable film under different seal conditions and thermal properties under different IPA proportions were studied by use of electron stretcher, SEM, DSC and so on. The results indicated that when seal temperature was 110°C, seal time was 2.5 s, seal pressure was 400N, the higher seal force was achieved, in which seal layer didn’t contain SiO2. At the same time, seal force increased with the decrease of SiO2 size from 2.5-3.5um to 0.01-0.03um and increased with the IPA proportion from 14% to 18%.
Effect of Fiber Length on Mechanical Properties of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced PTFE Composites
Authors: Li Zhen Hua , Rong Rui Ya , Li Yun Xuan , Li Jian
Published: August 2011

Carbon fiber reinforced composites have all the ideal properties, leading to their rapid development and successful use for many applications over the last decade. In this paper, short carbon fiber reinforced Polytetrafluoroethylene (SCF/PTFE) composite were prepared with melt blending and hot-pressing techniques. The mechanical properties of this composite were investigated taking into account the combined effect of mean fiber length. Finally it can be shown that an increase in fiber length can enhance the mechanical properties of CF/PTFE composites. The fracture surface of PTFE composite was examined by SEM, to identify the topography of outside force.
Electromechanical Coupling Coefficient of SAW on Proton-Exchanged and Annealed LiNbO3 Waveguides
Authors: Cheng Chien Chuan , Lin Re Ching , Chang Wei Tsai , Chen Ying Chung , Kao Kuo Sheng , Chung Chung Jen
Published: August 2011

We had investigated the electromechanical coupling coefficient (K2) of surface acoustic wave (SAW) on proton-exchanged (PE) and annealed PE (APE) z-cut LiNbO3 waveguides using octanoic acid. The penetration depth of hydrogen assumed to be equal to the waveguide depth (d) was measured by secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The frequency response of SAW was measured with a network analyzer. The annealing process was carried out in a horizontal furnace kept at 400°C for 2 h under a dry O2 gas flow. The change of K2 in PE and APE samples fabricated under different conditions was dependent on kd, where k was the wavenumber. The experimental results showed that the variation of K2 in PE samples was significantly decreased with the increase of kd. The reduction of K2 may be due to the reduced piezoelectric coefficients in the PE layer. On the other hand, the variation of K2 in APE samples also exhibited the decreased tendency after annealing. It indicated that the annealing process could not restore the reduction of K2 caused by the PE process.
Some Research on the Magnetic X Zeolite Composites
Authors: Yuan Ming Liang , Song Cong , Yan Guan Jie
Published: August 2011

X zeolite behaves excellent properties of shape selective catalysis, molecular sieves and iron-exchange for its unique tunnel structure and large specific surface area. In this paper magnetic core has been introduced into the zeolite structure and magnetic zeolite with high stability and adsorption properties have been prepared. Synthesis conditions and adsorption of Pb2+ also have been studied. Magnetic zeolite composite was hydrothermally synthesized with a traditional hydrothermal method by adding magnetic Fe3O4 suspension in the zeolite synthesis system. Synthesis conditions and adsorption of Pb2+ also have been studied. The products were characterized with X Ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectrometer (IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) instruments. The results show that the products have an X zeolite crystal structure and present super paramagnetic properties. The saturation magnetization value of the product is about 3.7 emu•g-1. The weight ratio of magnetic Fe3O4 in the magnetic zeolite composite is calculated to be about 5%. The magnetic zeolite composites have high surface area and the absorption capability of the products is 196.8mg/g.
Modeling of Electrical Resistivity Evolution Using Free Energy Analysis for NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Wires
Authors: Zhang Jian Jun
Published: August 2011

This paper presents a transformation kinetics model of NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) wires based on electrical resistivity (ER) derivative study under the assumption that the derivative of electrical resistivity with respect to temperature is in linear relationship with the derivative of free energy change with respect to temperature. Free energy change and electrical resistivity properties of SMA are analyzed based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments during phase transformation. The simulated evolution of electrical resistivity during thermomechanical transformation is presented using the proposed model.
The Research on the Preparation of Sodium-Poly-Methyl-Acrylic and Sodium-Alginate Blend-Micro-Spheres and its Form
Authors: Shan Lian Hai , Zhang Zhi Bin , Lu Qun
Published: August 2011

First, we prepared the Poly-methyl-acrylic Acid hydrogels by free radical reaction, then prepared the Sodium-Poly-methyl-acrylic and Sodium-Alginate blend-micro-spheres by the condensation phase separation method. The influencing factors of the form and the particle size of the blend-micro-spheres were investigated including the content of the Sodium-Poly-methyl-acrylic, the content of the Sodium-Alginate, the content of the calcium chloride and the volume ratio for the Sodium-Poly-methyl-acrylic solution and the Sodium-Alginate solution. We also give a research on the swelling influencing factors of the blend-micro-spheres and observed its internal and external form by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) ; The result showed that: we can get the favorable appearance form blend-micro-spheres when the Content of PMAA 4.0%，the Content of SA 4.0%，the Content of CaCl2 4.0%; and it had a important means when the volume ratio for the Sodium-Poly-methyl-acrylic solution and the Sodium-Alginate solution was 1:4 , 1:1.
Damage Evaluation in Smart Materials Using Time-Frequency Analysis
Authors: Liew Chin Kian , Veidt Martin
Published: August 2011

An approach to identify damages in materials particularly aerospace composites has been developed based on application of wavelet analysis on guided wave transient signals. The wave response was convoluted against a suitable wavelet to present information in the time-frequency domain for baseline comparison of signals. By evaluating the time-frequency conditional moment, sensitive indices were computed to identify the presence of damage. Normalisation of these indices was found to be an important procedure to reduce measurement discrepancies from baseline comparison. Extending this further was the correlation of these parameters to pulse propagation time from actuator to sensor positions to generate a tomographic representation of the damage in the scanned material. These damage evaluation processes were investigated in an ultrasonic health monitoring system inspecting carbon fibre reinforced composite panels with simulated delamination. The imaging results displayed positive damage characterisation capabilities for implementation within the methodology of smart or intelligent materials.
Laser Hybrid Welding Processing of Mg-Rare Earth Alloy
Authors: Dai Jun , Huang Jian , Li Zhu Guo , Dong Jie
Published: August 2011

The welding processing of Mg-rare earth alloy NZ30K was studied using laser-TIG hybrid welding. For comparison the NZ30K alloy was also welded by the gas tungsten arc (TIG) and laser beam respectively. The microstructure of the welded joints had been analyzed. The hybrid welding method could refine the grains in the fusion and improve the tensile strength of the welded joints obviously. The arc plasma and the laser-induced plasma during welding were recorded by a high speed camera and the area of the plasma was calculated through image processing technology. Among the three welding processes the plasma area of the hybrid welding is the largest, but not a simple addition of the TIG welding and laser welding. The results show that Mg-rare earth alloy NZ30K can be well joined using the laser-TIG hybrid welding method.
Optimization on Resistance Performance of High Speed Unmanned Surface Vehicle in Middle-Low Speed
Authors: Ma Wei Jia , Sun Hua Wei , Pang Yong Jie
Published: August 2011

Unmanned surface vehicle has been the concern of the researchers at home and abroad as a new kind of unmanned platform ,especially for the middle-low speed resistance performance .An optimization method is proposed in this paper to find a hull form with perfect resistance performance in middle-low speed .This paper combines wave resistance and non-linear programming , Moreover, some hull forms are optimized to meet the combination of optimization punishing function with practical requirements and objective function to obtain Optimization form. The paper compared wave-making resistance coefficient and Total resistance (Newton) of Unit displacement (ton) between patent form and Optimization form to Show the feasibility of this method .The optimization results can provide reference for the subsequent hull form.
Design of Digital-High-Power LAB Charger
Authors: Hu Ju Fang , Xiong Chun Ru , Tao Rui Min , Zhong Run Yang
Published: August 2011

This paper proposes a design method how to realize a digital-high-power (DHP) lead-acid battery (LAB) charger. The main control unit P89LPC933 real-time collects the voltage and current of the charger. Then the unit sends out the control signal to pulse width modulator SG3525A, controlling the voltage and current. It co-operates the external circuit as well. This paper innovatively proposes 4-stage charging control method and strategy. This paper compares the typical chargers on the market with the one proposed by the authors in terms of horizontal and vertical dimension.
Multi-Domain Unified Modeling and Simulation for Aircraft Landing Gear Using Modelica
Authors: Liu Ji Hong , Pang Ying Zhong , Zhu Yu Ming
Published: August 2011

Modern products become more and more complex, the modeling and simulation of them are carried out with different software on heterogeneous platforms, which always caused the heterogeneous data, separated disciplines and cannot obtain the result of unified model correctly. Therefore, a Modelica-based modeling and simulation method for aircraft landing gear is proposed. The landing gear library based on Modelica was established. The unified physical model of landing gear which is composed of structural, thermodynamics and hydromechanics disciplines is constructed. The aircraft landing process, the track of retraction mechanism and the impact work amount of the shock absorber are obtained through multi-domain unified simulation, which provides references for deisgners.
Mechanical Properties of Kenaf - Unsaturated Polyester Composites: Effect of Fiber Treatment and Fiber Length
Authors: Osman E. , Vakhguelt A. , Sbarski I. , Mutasher S.
Published: August 2011

Kenaf fibre is a natural fibre which is growing in popularity due environmental issues and its properties as filler. Unsaturated polyester was used in this investigation via add 1% MEKP concentration ratio as the catalyst. This matrix was combined with untreated kenaf fiber with various fiber sizes (1-6) mm and (10-30) mm, alkalized with 6% NaOH solution for treated kenaf fiber to form natural fiber for two different fiber lengths composites. Composites were prepared by adding various percentages of kenaf fiber in unsaturated polyester resin. A general trend was observed whereby alkalized fiber composites possessed superior flexural strength and modulus and the maximum strength and modulus was at the 20wt% weight fraction. The length of (10-30) mm gave higher tensile and flexural properties compared to (1-6) mm. The modulus of elasticity showed a regular trend of an increase with fiber weight percent until 30% for both fiber lengths and afterwards a decrease in modulus of elasticity for composites with greater fiber weight fraction. The experimental modulus of elasticity was compared with the theoretical predictions and was found to be in good agreement with Hirsch’s model while the results obtained from Cox – Krenchel underestimating the experimental data.
The Study of Power Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting Heat
Authors: Shao Yan Jun , Wang Jian Qing , Zhu X.J. , Chen Quan
Published: August 2011

Cutting heat and the resulting temperature change material properties, thus it produces tremendous influence to cutting force, tool condition and surface roughness. The cutting heat generated by the power ultrasonic vibration cutting process were is calculated in this paper, the power ultrasonic vibration cutting is studied by using the finite element software, the conclusions are that during power ultrasonic vibration cutting, the cutting heat generated depends on the net cutting time of a vibration cycle, the rapid cooling is the main reason for lower cutting temperature in the separation stage of the workpiece and tool, and the maximum temperature of the tool is greater than conventional turning, but the average temperature of the tool is low than traditional turning.
Investigation of Phase Composition and Microstructure of the FeAl/Al2O3 Composites Fabricated by Mechanical Alloying and Hot-Pressing Process
Authors: Jiang Tao
Published: August 2011

The FeAl/Al2O3composites were fabricated by hot-pressing process in this research. The Fe-Al intermetallics compounds powders were fabricated by mechanical alloying and heat treatment. The FeAl powders and Al2O3powders were mixed and the FeAl/Al2O3composite powders were prepared. The FeAl/Al2O3composites bulks were fabricated by hot-pressing process at 1300°C for 2h under the pressure of 35MPa. The phase composition and microstructure of the FeAl intermetallics compounds powders produced by mechanical alloying and heat treatment were investigated. The phase composition and microstructure of the FeAl/Al2O3composites produced by hot-pressing process were investigated. The XRD patterns results showed that the Fe-Al intermetallics compounds powders were fabricated by mechanical alloying for 60h. The FeAl intermetallics compounds powders were fabricated by heat treatment at 800°C, 900°C and 1000°C. The microstructure showed that the mean particles size of the FeAl intermetallics compounds powders produced by mechanical alloying and heat treatment was rather fine and about 4-5μm. The XRD patterns results showed that there existed FeAl phase and Al2O3phase in sintered composites. The FeAl/Al2O3composites bulks exhibited the homogenous and compact microstructure. The mean particles size of FeAl was about 4-5μm and the mean particles size of Al2O3was about 4-5μm. The microstructure of the FeAl/Al2O3composites became more homogenous and compact with the increase of FeAl content.
Effects of Irradiation on Chitosan-Coated Nanoparticles for Hyperthermia
Authors: Chang Kwo Ping , Lin Zhi Yuan , Hung Mao Chin , Hsieh Bor Tsung
Published: August 2011

The optimal parameters of the chitosan-coated ferrofluid under two patterns of irradiation were investigated in this study. The quality characteristics were set both to the SAR (specific absorption rate, W/g) and the particle size (nm). The control factors were chosen as the gamma irradiation dose (Gy), the quantities of chitosan (g), and the molar ratio of Fe3+to Fe2+. It shows that SAR is a better choice for determining the quality characteristic. The quantities of chitosan have a less significant impact on SAR. The optimal condition for the Fe3+/Fe2+ratio was found to be between 2.0 to 2.5 when synthesizing the magnetite Fe3O4cores. High dose (100 k Gy in this study) of gamma ray irradiation given only to the solid chitosan will have a significantly positive effect on SAR of the chitosan-coated ferrofluid for hyperthermia. However, high dose irradiation of the chitosan-coated ferrofluid tends to destroy the chitosan-magnetite cores bonds.
Influence of Oxygen Donor Alcohols on Non-Hydrolytic Sol-Gel Synthesis of MgAl2O4 Spinel Nanoparticles
Authors: Bu Jing Long , Wei Heng Yong , Zhao Jun Hong , Wang Rui Sheng , Wang Zhi Fa , Wang Rong Lin
Published: August 2011

Magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4) spinel nanoparticles were prepared by non-hydrolytic sol-gel method using anhydrous alcohols as oxygen donor. XRD and FTIR were used to characterise the effect of anhydrous alcohols on synthesis of MgAl2O4 spinel nanoparticles.The results showed that when the oxygen donor used in stoichiometric ratio for synthesizing MgAl2O4, anhydrous ethanol was the more effective oxygen donor than anhydrous isopropanol. But there was no remarkable effect on synthesis of MgAl2O4 spinel when the amount of anhydrous ethanol exceeded the stoichiometric ratio. The mean particle size MgAl2O4 spinel nanoparticles was in the range of 40 to 50 nm.
Effects of Element Yttrium on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of as-Cast Zn-25Al-5Mg-2.5Si Alloy
Authors: Wei Ai Li , Zhang Kun Yu , Wang Hong Xia , Liang Wei
Published: August 2011

In this work, the effects of rare element yttrium (Y) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-cast Zn-25Al-5Mg-2.5Si alloy at room and elevated temperature (100°C and 180°C) have been investigated. The alloys were prepared by conventional melting and casting routs with different Y contents (0 wt.%,0.1 wt.%,0.4 wt.%,0.8 wt.%,1.2 wt.% and1.5 wt.%). The results showed that the addition of Y element led to the formation of Al3Y phase and Y2Zn17 phase in the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the alloys rose at first and then dropped with the Y content increasing. When Y content was 0.4 wt.%, the optimization of microstructure and properties especially the tensile strength at high temperature was obtained. The tensile strength of the alloy at 180°C could be increased by 26.4%.
Microstructure and Properties of Zn-Al Filler Metal Brazing Cu/Al Joint
Authors: Zhang Man , Lin Yue Bin , Lv Jian Qiang , Jiang Hai Lin
Published: August 2011

Microstructure and properties of Zn-xAl alloy were investigated, moreover, the strength and microstructure of the Cu/Al brazed joint had been studied. The results indicate that the massive microstructure is granular and fine when Al content is under 15wt.% in the cast microstructure of Zn-xAl filler metal. Meanwhile, the drawability properties of the filler metal is excellent. Thus, the massive microstructure become dendritic and coarse when Al content exceeds 15wt.%. At the same time, the drawability properties of the filler metal become bad. In the microstructure of the brazed joint, the interface layer exists in the interface between the Cu base metal and the brazed seam. The interface layer is mainly consisted of Cu9Al4 and CuAl IMCs. When Al content is under 15wt.%, the interface layer shape is a visibly serrated edge, so the adhesive strength between the interface layer and the brazed seam is higher and the mechanical property of the brazed joint is excellent. The brazed joint strength of Zn-15Al filler metal get highest. But the interface zone become relatively straight when Al content exceeds 15wt.%. In the meantime, the strength of the brazed joint decreases.
An Adaptive Changeability Approach of Flow Path Feature in Hydraulic Manifold Blocks Design
Authors: Li Guang , Niu Wen Tie , Zhang Da Wei , Gao Wei Guo
Published: August 2011

The connection design of flow path is the most important task in Hydraulic Manifold Blocks (HMB) design. But the traditional method of feature design can not dynamically change the topology configuration and parameters of flow path when the design changed. This paper use a hybrid model consisting of temporary body model and B-Rep model, and represent flow path pattern using adjacency graph, adjacency matrix, weight matrix and degree array. The design parameters can be optimized by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA2). The topology configuration of flow path can adaptively change according to the design change.
Influence of Rapid Cooling Temperature on the Microstructure and the Mechanical Properties of a High Al Dual Phase Steel
Authors: Deng Zhao Jun , Liu Jing , Wang Hui , Lin Cheng Jiang , Lu Zhi Hong
Published: August 2011

Annealing process with different rapid cooling temperatures of a hot-dip galvanized high Al dual phase steel was simulated by hot-dip process simulator (HDPS). The results indicated that the tensile strength of the samples increased and the elongation decreased slightly with the increase of rapid cooling temperature from 460 °C to 520 °C. When the rapid cooling temperature was higher than 500 °C, the tensile strength was more than 605MPa, and the elongation rate reached to 32%, the samples was found to have better mechanical properties. It was found by transmission electron microscope (TEM JEM2100F) that the microstructures of the samples were mainly composed of ferrite, island martensite and retained austenite when the rapid cooling temperature was higher than 500 °C, and when this temperature was lower than 480 °C, some island martensites were tempered and carbide was appeared in the island phase.
Effect of Nitrogen on the Impact Toughness of the Bearing Steel GCr15
Authors: Yang Ji Chun , Liu Nan
Published: August 2011

In order to explore the influence of the nitrogen concentrations on the impact toughness of the bearing steel GCr15，impact testing has been conducted on the steel samples with variant nitrogen contents (0.1-0.3 wt.%) on the tester JB－30B, and the fracture morphology of the samples after impact was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM). The results indicate that the impact toughness of the steel GCr15 with 0.1 wt.% nitrogen exhibits the lowest values with typical quasi-cleavage feature. The steel GCr15 with 0.2 wt.% nitrogen presents the maximum values in impact toughness associated with significant plastic deformation, suggesting ductile nature. The steel with 0.3 wt.% nitrogen presents a quasi-cleavage feature, and micro cracks observed beside the secondary precipitates. The impact toughness values of the steel with 0.3 wt.% nitrogen are higher than that with 0.1 wt.% nitrogen and lower than with 0.2 wt.% nitrogen. The results are valuable for a large-scale bench marked industrial manufacture of the bearing steel GCr15 with the optimized nitrogen concentrations.
An Interfacial Damping Model for Hard Coating Structure
Authors: Yu Li Ming , Ma Yue
Published: August 2011

Hard coating can be used as damping treatment. An interfacial damping model, based on the interface slip mechanism, is presented. Interfacial damping ( ) can be expressed as a quadratic function of the interface adhesion strength (N). It means that there exists a suitable bonding strength ( ) which makes the interfacial damping capacity obtain the maximum value. The model can be used to evaluate the damping performance and the interfacial adhesion condition of a hard coating structure.
Stiffness Calculation of the Microstructure with Crab-Leg Flexural Suspension
Authors: Liu Yu
Published: August 2011

The stiffness of microstructure is an important parameter of the microsensor. It is usually obtained by FEM approach, which is difficult to give an analytical expression. This paper reports on a biaxial microaccelerometer with the crab-leg flexural suspension. Its stiffness is carried out by using force method and Castigliano’s theorem. During the deduction, we neither introduce the other assumptions nor design the special dimension. So this methodology is strict in theory, and can be extended to analysis for the displacement and stiffness of the symmetric and statically indeterminate microstructure.
Ternary Logic Dynamic CMOS Comparators
Authors: Jin Xin Yu , Li Cheng , Liu Jun Biao , Jiang Xiao Feng , Zeng Xiang Bing
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a new method of ternary logic circuit design is developed. It’s proposed that two types of static ternary CMOS comparators and three types of dynamic CMOS comparators, designed by new method, with low transistor count, high speed and low power consumption. The proposed comparators are the rearrangement and reordering of transistors in the evaluation block of a dynamic cell. These ternary comparators can be used as equality comparators, mutual comparators and zero/one/two detectors, which are widely used in build in self test and memory testing.
Simulation Research of Fuzzy Self-Adaptive PID Control for Fracture Trauma Section Stress
Authors: Zhu Jian Min , Yang Fan , Zhai Dong Ting
Published: August 2011

The stress response of fracture trauma section has certain inertia and pure lag, conventional PID control can not obtain optimal stress control accuracy. In allusion to this problem, this paper proposes using fuzzy adaptive PID control, aims at the optimal physiological stimulation stress (Jorgensen curve) in the course of fracture healing, conducts real-time control to the fracture trauma section stress. According to the established fracture trauma system model, the fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller has been designed, and conducts simulation research on real-time stress control in the Matlab/Simulink simulation environment. The simulation results show that the stress control accuracy of fuzzy self-adaptive PID control is obviously better than that of the classical PID control and classical fuzzy control, which can effectively control the stress of trauma section in fracture healing, to promote bone repair and bone growth towards the optimal level, and then to ensure the speed and quality of fracture healing.
Wavelet Packet Algorithm to Feature Extraction of Heart Sound
Authors: Zhang Guo Hua , Liu Shi Xuan
Published: August 2011

In order to extract pathological features of heart sound signal accurately, an algorithm for extracting the sub-band energy is developed based on the wavelet packet. The db6 wavelet is taken as the mother function, and the best wavelet packet basis of heart sound signal is picked out. Then, various heart sound signals are decomposed into four levels and the wavelet packet coefficients of the best basis are obtained. According to the equal-value relation between wavelet packet coefficients and signal energy in time domain, the normalized sub-band energy of the best basis is extracted as the feature vector. Based on BP network, seven identification models for seven kinds of heart sound were trained separately. Then, these models were tested by using 70 heart sounds, and the mean of identification accuracy is 72.9%.
Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Interior Flow Field in Control Valves under the Blocking Fault
Authors: An Yan Tao , Wang Yong , Wang Jun Gang
Published: August 2011

Establish interior flow field model of the control valves under the blocking fault, using the CFD simulation and analysis the internal flow field of the control valve under the blocking and the trouble-free. The research indicates that blocking changes the fluid state of motion, causes the vortex in the valve core, resulting energy loss and reduces valve control performance.
Passive Control Shuttle-Type Check Valve – a New Nuclear-Class Fluid Control Component
Authors: Chen Kun , Zeng Xiang Wei , Qiu Xiao Ping , Zeng Xiao Ge
Published: August 2011

A novel check valve - passive control shuttle-type check valve is introduced in this paper based on the comparison of the existing swing check valves including the liquid, structural principle, flow resistance coefficient, airproof and start-stop performances. The experimental and simulation analysis validated that shuttle-type check valve has the advantages of symmetric structure along the pipeline axis, balance circle flow, low coefficient streamline, adjustable start-stop time, multi-airproof, zero leakage and less noise.
Study on the Effect of Riveting Equipment Spindle Displacement on Torque of Ball Stud in Auto Control Arms
Authors: Liang Cai Ping , Tian Hao Bin , Liu Xiao Hang , Yu Zhong Tu
Published: August 2011

The control arms, as an important part of automobile components, are widely used in auto assemblies. The ball joint sealing of control arms is a key process to chassises assembly and the sealing quality directly determines the lifespan of steering systems of automobiles. In this paper, based on the aluminum control arms, a precise control system of revolving-riveting equipment spindle displacement was developed and the effect of riveting equipment spindle displacement on torque of ball joint sealing was studied through experiments method. The results showed that the torque of ball joint is directly related to the displacement of spindle, and a better sealing quality can be achieved when the displacement of spindle was in a reasonable range. The research will provide elementary technical support to the ball joint sealing of automobile control arms.
The Second Perturbation Solution for Periodic Vibration of Magnetostrictive Actuator
Authors: Qin Li Ping , Yan Yuan Jun
Published: August 2011

The solution is analyzed for periodic vibration of magnetostrictive actuator excited by harmonic alternating current. The total energy of kinetic, strain and magnetic energy stored in the rod is expressed as a functional of displacement variable. By using perturbation approach, the problem is changed into three perturbation problems. This paper presents the second perturbation solution to the periodic vibration problem for a magnetostrictive rod with the strong engineering background of the Terfenol-D actuator. The solution has very high accuracy.
Using Monte Carlo Method to Calculate the Flow Field of Jet Pumps
Authors: Li Tong Zhuo , Bi Peng Fei , Jiang Nan
Published: August 2011

It is the first time to study the consistent difference scheme of pressure equation and Neumann boundary conditions on two-dimensional non-staggered grid by using two-dimensional axisymmetric inhomogeneous equation for steady flow. The result of computing the fluid field of jet pump by using the Monte Carlo method is conforming approximately to the actual flow which is measured by the laser Doppler anemometry. The Monte Carlo simulation of flow field is therefore practical and feasible.
A Novel Bandstop Filter Based on Coaxial Cavity
Authors: Luo Chang Wei , Ye Qiang , Zhang Su Nan
Published: August 2011

In this paper,a novel two-port bandstop filter based on coaxial cavity is proposed,which is different to the conventional bandstop filters based on microstrip or stripline.The design and simulated results show that the novel bandstop filter has a good performance,which are stopband rejection less than -80dB from 1920MHz to 1980MHz, return loss less than -20dB and insert loss more than -2 dB in two widebands from 1700MHz to 1910MHz and 1990MHz to 2200MHz,respectively. Moreover,the measured results have good agreement with simulated results.
Manufacture of Ternary Solid Dispersions Composed of Nifedipine, Eudragit® E and Adsorbent
Authors: Sriamornsak Pornsak , Kontong Srisuda , Weerapol Yotsanan , Nunthanid Jurairat , Sungthongjeen Srisagul , Limmatvapirat Sontaya
Published: August 2011

The aim of this study was to manufacture the ternary solid dispersions composed of nifedipine, Eudragit® E and adsorbent. Dissolution enhancement of nifedipine was also investigated. The inert solid carriers were added in the mixtures of nifedipine and Eudragit® E at varying ratios. The physicochemical properties of ternary systems, compared to physical mixtures, were analyzed using powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The dissolution of nifedipine from ternary systems was compared to the drug alone. The influence of drug:polymer: adsorbent ratio and type of adsorbent on the dissolution rate of the drug was also evaluated. The PXRD and DSC results of the systems with high amount of polymer showed that the drug was present in an amorphous form. On the other hand, the diffraction patterns and DSC thermograms of the physical mixtures revealed that to some extent the drug was present in a crystalline form. The results from this study demonstrated that an improvement in dissolution rate of nifedipine with Eudragit® E and adsorbents was obtained.
Research on Effect of Temperature on Carrying Capacity of Heavy-Duty Hydrostatic Rotary Table
Authors: Guo Tie Neng , Dai Qin , Cai Li Gang
Published: August 2011

Heavy-duty hydrostatic rotary table is an important part of heavy-duty CNC gantry machine, which performance determines the machining accuracy and stability of the machine. Viscosity of hydraulic oil is one of the most important factors which influence the carrying capacity of the hydrostatic rotary table, but viscosity of hydraulic oil is directly determined by temperature. Therefore, the carrying capacity of the hydrostatic rotary table is directly determined by temperature. This paper researches the relative between the different workpiece quality, cutting force, oil chamber pressure, oil film thickness, oil film stiffness and temperature of hydrostatic rotary table by using the theoretical method, and validates the influence of temperature on the carrying capacity of the hydrostatic rotary table by using experimental method. It provides the basis for researching the influence of environmental temperature on the carrying capacity and stiffness of the oil film.
Design and Realization on the Optimal Quadratic Controller for the Positional Servo System of Numerical Control System
Authors: Zhang Li Bing , Wu Ting
Published: August 2011

This paper presents a technique for the position servo system of numerical control (NC) machine tool by utilizing the optimal quadratic controller. The mathematical model of the position servo control system is structured, which of the plant model is identified by making use of recursive least square method. The fundamental method of designing the optimal quadratic controller is proposed. Simulation of the optimal quadratic controller and PID controller are implemented by using MATLAB. The results of simulation show that the proposed control method of positional servo control system has better dynamic characteristics and better steady performance.
The Effects of Tuning Controller Gains for Servo Feed Unit Positioning Accuracy
Authors: Kong Ling Lin , Li Duan Neng , Li Ke
Published: August 2011

Positioning accuracy of servo feed unit makes an important effect to processing precision in CNC machine tools. The effects in positioning accuracy mainly are the precisions of mechanism and servo system. And the actions of tuning controller gains should directly affect the servo system precision. This paper, a servo system model and its P/PI controller has been formulated and simulated, using an AC servo feed unit as a tested. Through tuning gains of P/PI controller, analyses and control the effects for the feed unit positioning accuracy. Ultimately, experiments have been carried out to test feed unit by laser interferometer. Its shows that tuning gains of P/PI controller, which given in paper, has effectively improved the positioning accuracy of servo feed unit.
Cutter Radius Compensation for Five- Axis Peripheral Milling in CNC System
Authors: Chen You Dong , Wang Tian Miao
Published: August 2011

This paper presents a 3D tool radius compensation for five- axis peripheral milling in CNC systems. Using a generalized kinematics model of five- axis machines and uniform algorithm, it is possible to calculate the complete analytical equations for the tool orientation relative to part. The tool orientation relative to part selecting as Z-axis is used to establish compensation coordinate system. The points in the machine coordinate system are converted to the compensation coordinate system. The compensation points in the compensation coordinate system using these points can be calculated. This computation procedure is similar to the calculation of cutter compensation C. The compensation points in machine coordinate system can be obtained by converting the compensation points in the compensation coordinate system to machine coordinate system. The presented methodology was used in the CNC system, which makes the CNC system more efficiently and systematically
Effects of High-Energy Carbon Ion Irradiation on Isatis Indigotica Fort
Authors: Shi Guang Liang , Wang Xue Hong , Guo Kai , Li Zhao Zhou , Hu Xiao Yan , Tao Lei , Liang Jian Ping
Published: August 2011

The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for a high-energy carbon ion irradiation process for inducing mutations for selective breeding in Isatis indigotica Fort. The experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of different doses of high-energy 12C6+ ions (10-140 Gy) on physiological changes in I. indigotica seedlings. Dry seeds of I. indigotica were irradiated using different doses of 270 MeV energy 12C6+ ion beam, and the response of the subsequent seedlings was monitored using well-established indexes of physiological characteristics. Results showed that optimum results were achieved with a high-dose 12C6+ ion beam at 35 Gy where the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were enhanced. However, excessive irradiation reduced the activities of SOD and CAT. As the dose increased, the activity of peroxidase increased initially and then decreased compared with controls that were not irradiated (0 Gy). The content of malondialdehyde first decreased and then increased with the treatment. Total soluble protein content initially increased and then decreased with increasing doses of radiation; the proline content improved sharply compared to the control. The results of this study suggest that that a low dose of 12C6+ ion beam could enhance the activities of protective enzymes and the levels of proline and soluble protein, and that a dose range of 35–60 Gy is likely to be optimum for inducing useful mutations in I. indigotica for a stable selective breeding program.
Optimization Design of a New Heavy-Duty Self-Unloading Semi-Trailer
Authors: Shang Guo Juan , Shan Gen Li , Qi Xi Juan
Published: August 2011

Based on sufficient market research, a new model of self-unloading semi-trailer, whose maximum loading capacity is 30 tons, has been designed. The paper describes its overall structure, the three-dimensional diorama model and the finite element model of the frame. Based on the analysis of the models and the results of the calculation, the parameters of the frame are optimized. The advantages of the new design are as follows: the new design makes the most of the advantages of self-unloading trailers and semi-trailers, that is, self-unloading, security, stability, high efficiency, environmental protection.
Plastic Forming Spherical Hole Energy Absorption Properties of Porous Metal
Authors: Jiang Xiao Ming , Shi Guo Dong , Hu Chun Lai
Published: August 2011

This paper developed a new type of ball-type porous metal preparation method. A brief introduction of this new type of spherical aluminum-based metal forming method of porous, pore structure and its compression and energy absorption properties, but also involves the performance of spherical holes iron foam.
Crystal-Controlled Synthesis of Nanophase Titania by Microwave Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Chen Zhi Qin , Luo Shan Shan , Chen Xiang Liang , Zhou Ze Hua , Li Wen Kui
Published: August 2011

The different crystal (rutile, rutile-anntase-brookite, anatase, amorphous) titania were prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) in the absence or presence of HCl or NaOH. The mixture solution was processed in microwave hydrothermal autoclave at 120oC for 1.5 h and then at 180oC for 1 h to precipitate titania. HCl acted as inhibitor, which could control the crystal and shape of the precipitate of titania. NaOH was used to adjust the pH to the required value. As a result, the mixture of rutile (majority), anatase and brookite (minor) was obtained from the aqueous TiCl4 solution without any addition, shuttle-like and well-dispersed nanocrystalline rutile appeared in the presence of HCl from the aqueous TiCl4-HCl solution. Single phase anatase was obtained in the presence of NaOH with pH=7, and when pH=9, the product was quite amorphous. The products were analyzed using XRD and TEM.
NC Machining Simulation of Loop Subdivision Surface Algorithm with Sharp Feature Keeping
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Li Zhu
Published: August 2011

Subdivision technology provides a convenient way to represent smooth surfaces of arbitrary topological structures. The technology is now widely applied in character animation and computer graphics. However, it meets challenges if to be employed in machining. This paper focuses on the problems of surface subdivision in machining applications and the solutions for these problems. The work includes two parts. First, an algorithm of Loop subdivision that can keep sharp surface features is presented. And second, a cross-section method is employed to obtain the NC tool path of the divided surface. The NC tool path of the refined model is verified with the MasterCAM software. The research is valuable for the improvement of the subdivision scheme commonly used in CAD/CAM system.
New Applications of Laser on LED and Semi-Conductor Manufacturing
Authors: Wu Shih Jeh , Chao Weike Vic , Wang Huei Sen
Published: August 2011

Laser technology has been applied in more and more areas of research. With its fast growth, faster and cheaper solution can be found in different industries. In this paper we present two applications of laser on LED and semi-conductor manufacturing. A new approach facilitated by laser micromachining for improving LED efficiency is introduced first. This is through change of stacking structure and the precision of up-to-date UV 355nm laser technology. The illumination area is increased due to the smaller connecting area (drilling size). Another work is the improving of leakage current of TiO2 film as dielectrics. Through the irradiation of 532nm DPSS laser the refractive index increases and the current leakage is reduced.
Design of Hardware-in-Loop Simulation System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Hao Chuan Chuan , Fang Zhou , Li Ping , Liu Bo
Published: August 2011

Hardware-in-loop simulation (HILS) is an important approach to the development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems. In this paper, a complete HILS system for UAV was constructed based on the dSPACE real-time simulator. To simulate the real world situation, problems such as the GPS signal and accelerometer signal imitation were addressed in the dSPACE framework. The HILS simulation of a UAV’s take-off process was exhibited with comparison to the digital simulation; the results show effectiveness of the proposed HILS system.
Lane Markers Detection Based on Consecutive Threshold Segmentation
Authors: Wang Huan , Shao Su Lin
Published: August 2011

This paper proposed a simple and robust lane markers detection method for intelligent vehicle navigation. It needs not calculate inverse perspective map. The method uses multiple threshold segmentation instead of single threshold segmentation. And straight and curve lane markers are directly extracted in Run-Length accumulation (RLA) images. It performs well in various complex conditions and costs less than 50 ms for a 352 by 288 image. Experiments on many kinds of real complex image sequences demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
TEM and DSC Studies on the Synthetic Diamond Grown from Fe-Ni-C-B System under HPHT
Authors: Gong Jian Hong , Lin Shu Xia , Gao Jun
Published: August 2011

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Different Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Methods Were Used to Investigate the Diamonds Grown with Different Boron Content Alloy Catalysts under High-Pressure High-Temperature (HPHT). Experimental Results Demonstrated the Microstructure and Composition of Boride Compounds in Synthetic Diamond, such as (FeNi)23(CB)6 ,(Fe, Ni)3(C,B), (Fe,Ni)B and B4C, Whose Formation Process Was Analyzed. the Thermal Stability of Diamond Depends on Boron Concentration in Catalyst According to DSC Studies. we Analyzed the Reason of Diamond Oxidation.The Work Offers Valuable Information for Improving the Thermal Stability of Synthetic Diamond Crystals by Adjusting Boron Content in the Fe-Ni Based Catalyst.
Study for Evaluation Index of Investment Effectiveness for Machine and Manufacturing System Includes Protection Measures
Authors: Miyakawa Takashi , Nakamura Hideo , Umezaki Shigeo
Published: August 2011

It is important for enterprise management to measure effectiveness of return on investment for machine and manufacturing system. It shall be considered not only to measure based on annual production value, but also to measure the effectiveness with cost caused by labors’ injuries and cost of protection measures that prevents industrial accidents. To make it realized, we shall define a calculation method for machine and manufacturing system includes protection measures from the aspect of the total life cycle, and a calculation method for total cost caused by industrial accidents. Then we shall define an evaluation index of investment effectiveness includes protection measures that will be led by a relation with values that comes from the above mentioned calculations.
Competitive Monitoring Model Based on Driving Force Analysis
Authors: Zhou Hai Wei , Zou Hui Zhi , Yan Shuai
Published: August 2011

In the process of making strategies, modern enterprise should not only collect internal information but also pay attention to the external information more seriously. And modern enterprise should take this as an important foundation for enterprise’s survival and development. Monitoring competitive environment is a basic work for making competitive strategy, implementing strategic decision and gaining competitive advantage. From the perspective of driving force analysis, we trace to the decisive force, which affects enterprise’s development. Based on driving force analysis, we construct competitive environment monitoring model, then correlate the "force" of enterprise’s development with the needed monitoring information, and provide scientific foundation for strategic decision finally.