bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macroscopic analysis of the subchondral bone of the femoral head during total hip replacement
Authors: Schwartsmann Carlos Roberto , Zambra Wink Luis Henrique , Mendes Eggers Esthefani Katherina , da Silva Gabriel Severo , Freitas Spinelli Leandro de
Published: June 2024

Objective: The present research aims to determine areas of necrosis in the subchondral bone of femoral heads removed from patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) for primary coxarthrosis. Methods: The femoral heads of 154 patients were analysed during the THR surgical procedure following femoral neck osteotomy. The heads were divided into four quadrants: anterosuperior (AS), posterosuperior (PS), anteroinferior (AI), and posteroinferior (PI). The heads were examined for foci of subchondral bone necrosis. Results: In 30 femoral heads, the arthrosis was restricted to cartilaginous lesions and the subchondral bone was considered fully vascularis In 124 heads, there were eburnated areas in the subchondral bone. Of these, 95 cases were eburnated in the AS region, 86 in the PS quadrant, 57 in the AI, and only 37 in the PI. Hips with more severe coxarthrosis had a 5.2 times higher chance of presenting femoral head necrosis. Conclusion: The analysis of 154 femoral heads during total hip replacement for osteoarthritis revealed foci of subchondral bone necrosis in 124 cases. The anterosuperior and posterosuperior quadrants showed a significantly larger devitalised area of subchondral bone, of 76% and 70% respectively. Coxarthrosis is a disease that not only affects the articular cartilage, but also substantially affects the subchondral bone, as observed in this work. There was a positive correlation between the higher severity of the disease by the Tönnis classification and the presence of subchondral necrosis.
Youth-friendly health services utilization and associated factors among youths in Dinsho district, southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Belo Tamiru Beza , Tadesse Aredo Melese , Batu Dida , Agero Genemo Gebi , Seyoum Gebre Dejene , Kelu Tololu Abdurehman
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Ethiopia stands out among countries in sub-Saharan Africa for its limited use of youth-friendly health services and the prevalence of significant sexual and reproductive health challenges, accompanied by high rates of maternal, infant, and child mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of youth-friendly health services and the influencing factors among young individuals in Dinsho District, Southeast Ethiopia, in 2019. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dinsho District between September 25 and October 15, 2019. The district was divided into three strata: urban, partially urban, and rural kebeles. We employed a systematic random sampling method to select household units, with study participants chosen randomly. Data entry was performed using Epi-Info version 7 and subsequently analyzed using SPSS version 21. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out using logistic regression, with statistical significance set at a p-value below 0.05. Results: Of the 377 youths selected, 373 (a response rate of 98.94%) participated in the study. Among these participants, 98 individuals (26.27%) accessed at least one of the services. Utilization of youth-friendly health services was significantly and positively linked to gender, particularly being female (AOR = 10.145; 95% CI: 3.133 – 32.857), and a family income equal to or greater than 116.94 (AOR = 12.438; 95% CI: 3.568 - 43.363). Conversely, living with friends (AOR = 0.034; 95% CI: 0.006 – 0.197), limited access to health facilities (AOR = 0.004; 95% CI: 0.001 – 0.021), and the absence of a romantic partner (AOR = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.000033 – 0.022) were negatively associated with the utilization of youth-friendly health services. Conclusion & Recommendation: The utilization of youth-friendly health services by young individuals in Dinsho District was notably low. Enhanced efforts are required from primary healthcare units to raise awareness among youths regarding these services, effectively increasing their utilization.
Non-traumatic perforations of the small bowel in pediatric surgery department of the National hospital Donka in Conakry Guinea
Authors: Taran Diallo Ag Aïssatou , Soumare Boubacar , Salam Diarra Abdoul , Traore Oumar , Abu Tawfiq , Timbine Intimbeye , Diarra Mohamed , Samake Drissa , Sangho Hamadoun
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Non-traumatic perforations of the small intestine are conditions with a serious prognosis in the absence of early and effective management. In Guinea, very few studies have been carried out on this subject. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this condition. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study. All patients aged less than or equal to 16 years operated on for intra-operatively confirmed non-traumatic perforations of the small bowel between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2009 were included. Epi-info version 6 FR software was used for data entry and analysis. Results: A total of 92 patients were registered. Males accounted for 67.0% and the mean age was 9.37 ±1.13 years. Typhoid perforation was the predominant cause (92.4%). Postoperative outcome was uncomplicated in 32.6% of cases. Parietal suppuration (42.39%), fistula (12%) and peritonitis (5.4%) were the major complications. Mortality due to peritonitis was 23.9%. Mortality from non-traumatic bowel perforation was statistically associated with deterioration in the patient's clinical condition (malnutrition, important weight loss, hemodynamic disorders) (p < 0.04); with a delay in management of more than 72 hours (p < 0.01); hospital stay (p < 0.001); with the number of multiple perforations (p < 0.0001); and with a complicated post-operative course (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Non-traumatic perforations of the small intestine in children were relatively frequent. The vast majority was due to typhoid, and mortality was fairly high.
How the use of social networks influences low school performance in students 8 to 12 years old
Authors: Lady Selene Anzules Arreaga
Published: June 2024

Today we live in a world with the technological era where we see that children and young people are the most modernized as they use social networks very often without taking into account the responsibility they have; However, it is necessary to mention the interactions we have with other people or as a society, it is important to take into account that in the educational field today students have low school performance due to excessive abuse of social networks which is estimated that students are connected to social networks today do not consider studies as a means to escape poverty as demonstrated by the results applied through a survey of students.
An introduction to quantum scattering theory
Authors: Kelvin Mwape , Kabuswa Davy Manyika
Published: June 2024

Quantum scattering, a fundamental phenomenon in quantum mechanics, is very important in understanding the interactions between particles at the microscopic level.1,2 Quantum scattering plays a pivotal role in various fields of physics, chemistry, and even beyond, influencing areas such as materials science, quantum computing, and nuclear physics among others.3,4 Theoretical concepts such as the Schrödinger equation, scattering amplitude, and scattering cross-section are highlighted in this, along with their significance in describing particle interactions with potential energy fields.5,6
Men’s Shirt in the Assortment of Embroidery Industry of Post-War Ukraine (1945–1949)
Authors: Karoieva Tetiana , Hrebenova Valentyna
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to characterize the functioning peculiarities of the embroidery industry of post-war Ukraine (1945–1949) exemplified by men’s embroidered shirts produced by artistic artels in Vinnytsia. The archival fund of the Vinnytsia Interregional Artistic Industrial Union serves as the primary source base for the research. It is emphasized in the published work on the fact that after the Second World War because of the lack of money for the restoration of all industrial production, the Soviet government has relied on the manual labour of cooperative artisans to ensure the production of widely used items. In particular, the embroidery industry has to produce clothes. The dynamics of production volume growth, assortment, cost and geography of distribution of men’s shirts is shown within one regional union of artistic artels. Several factors contributing to their popularity in the USSR are revealed: a) since the planned economy in Ukraine has a fixed specialization in the embroidery industry, therefore its products are distributed throughout the Soviet Union; b) the annual production volume is quite significant; c) simplicity of cut and its cost-effectiveness have made shirts competitive against factory-produced goods; d) using precious fabrics (silk and marquisette) has made embroidered shirts prestigious; e) the aesthetic appeal and brightness of the products have diversified men’s wardrobe; f) the trendsetting role of Mykyta Khrushchev has influenced the party-Soviet nomenclature elite, as well as affluent individuals who can afford prestigious items. Men’s embroidered shirts are more popular at this stage than women’s.
Vyshyvanka of Pokuttia and the Elements of Folk Costume: Past and Present (Based on the Expedition to Horodenkivshchyna)
Authors: Martsiniv Yuliia
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of Pokuttia embroidery as a phenomenon of ethnic culture, in particular in Horodenka region. The peculiarities of techniques, ornaments and color range are defined. There we can see rukavienky, risheni and tserkovani embroidered shirts, pleats, skirts «in wheat» and other interesting clothes. The ornaments mostly include geometric figures, flower and plant patterns. There are also shirts with embroidered Ukrainian symbols, in particular in the village of Khmeleva. Embroidery techniques consist of cross stitch, plain stitch, low stitch and even on hoops. It is observed during the expedition, that despite the proximity of the villages, similar elements and local differences in the embroidery and folk costume of Pokuttia region have been found. The villages of Horodnytsia, Cherniatyn and Toporivtsi are distinguished by interesting features of local clothing. Here you can find white-on-white embroidered shirts, flowery embroidery similar to Bukovyna, pleated skirts, men’s straw hats – bryli. As for wedding clothes, Yaseniv Pilnyi and Kopachyntsi demonstrate richness and uniqueness here. The wedding attire of local residents of these villages differs significantly from the other settlements. The list of women’s festive outfits consists of kapanka, fota, kabat, percale. Original elements of men’s clothing consist of futerko, shapka-baranka (lamb hat) and a white cloth «rantukh», that the bridegroom has presented to the bride. In Yaseniv Pilnyi unique women’s jewelry – sylianki – are preserved to this day. Nowadays local women and girls quite reproduce actively ancient samples of these necklaces. Girls from Horodnytsia are famous for ducats, indicating their status. All these features make Horodenkivshchyna a special ethnographic region, where authentic clothing occupies a leading place. And although Ukrainian embroidery is evolving significantly today, it is interesting to see that, despite modern fashions, ancient patterns of embroidery are still actively preserved and passed down from generation to generation in the Horodenkivshchyna.
Sacred Buildings of Kramatorshchyna in the Conditions of Russian Aggression of 2022–2024: Losses and Ways of Recovery
Authors: Kuzmenko Yevhenii
Published: June 2024

The state of the sacred buildings in the Kramatorsk district of Donetsk region, on the eve and during the full-scale Russian military aggression of 2022–2024 is investigated in the article. The main aspects of the history of temples’ building in Kramatorshchyna during the late 20th – early 21st centuries are described. In particular, it is emphasized that during the specified period, the active revival of the Holy Mountains Lavra of the Holy Dormition has taken place; its churches of St. Nicholas, St. Dormition, and St. Pokrovsky, etc. have been restored. At the same time, the famous Lavra sketes are renewed: in the villages of Adamivka, Bohorodychne, Dolyna, Tetianivka and the city of Sviatohirsk. The active process of building churches has continued in the other villages and towns of the district. It is noted that, on the eve of the Russian invasion on February 24, 2022 into Ukraine, the sacred architecture of Kramatorshchyna has been related primarily to the Holy Mountains Lavra. It has been the core of its cultural and touristic potential. The data on damaged and destroyed churches for the period of 2022–2024 is collected and systematized in the article. It is found out, in particular, that 43 religious objects have been damaged during this time. Most of them belong to the Orthodox-Christian jurisdiction, although we also have destruction of Protestant and Islamic religious architecture, etc. It is ascertained that the main part of the shrines damaged in the spring of 2022, mainly in May, is situated on the territory of Sviatohirsk and Lyman communities. It is emphasized that this phenomenon is connected with active hostilities for the localities of Lyman, Sviatohirsk and the Siverskyi Donets river. It should be mentioned, that not only sacred buildings of Sviatohirshchyna and Lymanshchyna are affected, but also of Kostiantynivska, Kramatorska, Slovianska, Mykolaivska, Oleksandrivska and Druzhkivska communities. In general, it is stated that the full-scale war has caused irreparable losses to the religious buildings of the Kramatorsk district. It is noted also in the article, that the restoration of destroyed churches depends entirely on the further nature and development of hostilities. On the other hand, measures aimed at eliminating their consequences have already been carried out in the vast majority of temples those received light and are medium damaged. Finally, the issue of taking into account objects of sacred architecture that have historical and cultural value is raised. It is emphasized that the local authorities of Donetsk region and other oblasts of Ukraine now face the urgent task of identifying and registering objects of cultural heritage. The identified problem has prospects for further research on materials from other raions of Donechchyna and the regions of Ukraine.
Aesthetic Grounds and Practice of Screen Adaptations of Theatrical Productions in the Light of Film and Television Language in the 1970s
Authors: Yelchyk Oksana
Published: June 2024

The aesthetic grounds and methods of screen adaptation of theatrical performances in the context of film and television art in the USSR in the 1970s are investigated in the article as well as the influence of film and television technologies on the theatrical genre, the peculiarities of the adaptation of stage performances to the cinematographic and television environment. Attention is also paid to the revealing the peculiarities of cinematographic art as a synthetic phenomenon and its interaction with the theatrical tradition. These issues are considered in the context of the cultural and political realities of the USSR of that period, highlighting the relationship between aesthetic searches and ideological attitudes of the era. In general, a deep and systematic understanding of the process of film adaptation of theatrical performances within the framework of Soviet cinema and television art of the 1970s is submitted in the article. Since the films of this period become a time of development of existential problems of human life. The typical life of a Soviet person recedes into the background, instead, the basis of the plot becomes the search for peace of the soul, its urges for freedom, which usually unfolds against the background of something insignificant. Unlike the adaptations of literary works, when ”current ideological content” is imposed on classical original sources, adaptations of the best plays of leading Ukrainian theaters have offered perfect art, introduced a wide audience to the achievements of stage masters. But the screen adaptation of the performance is a fixation of one staging, which, of course, is shown unchanged on movie screens. The play cannot remain as it is conceived from the very beginning, and therefore gradually it has started to transform itself according to the requirements of television. However, such transformations are not always successful either. This is the beginning of the creation of a kind of the average genre between cinema and theater, which wished for better, because the aesthetic content of such a specific genre has remained opened.
Deep learning-based multimodal analysis for transition-metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Bhawsar Shivani , Fang Mengqi , Sarkar Abdus Salam , Chen Siwei , Yang Eui-Hyeok
Published: June 2024

In this study, we present a novel approach to enable high-throughput characterization of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) across various layers, including mono-, bi-, tri-, four, and multilayers, utilizing a generative deep learning-based image-to-image translation method. Graphical features, including contrast, color, shapes, flake sizes, and their distributions, were extracted using color-based segmentation of optical images, and Raman and photoluminescence spectra of chemical vapor deposition-grown and mechanically exfoliated TMDs. The labeled images to identify and characterize TMDs were generated using the pix2pix conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN), trained only on a limited data set. Furthermore, our model demonstrated versatility by successfully characterizing TMD heterostructures, showing adaptability across diverse material compositions.

Graphical abstract

Impact Statement

Deep learning has been used to identify and characterize transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Although studies leveraging convolutional neural networks have shown promise in analyzing the optical, physical, and electronic properties of TMDs, they need extensive data sets and show limited generalization capabilities with smaller data sets. This work introduces a transformative approach—a generative deep learning (DL)-based image-to-image translation method—for high-throughput TMD characterization. Our method, employing a DL-based pix2pix cGAN network, transcends traditional limitations by offering insights into the graphical features, layer numbers, and distributions of TMDs, even with limited data sets. Notably, we demonstrate the scalability of our model through successful characterization of different heterostructures, showcasing its adaptability across diverse material compositions.
A comparison of Ni, Pt, and NiPt catalysts supported on SBA-15 in anisole hydrodeoxygenation: Exploring the effect of platinum addition to a nickel catalyst
Authors: Pérez-Estrada Daniel E. , Sernaqué-Villagómez Mitsuo A. , Molina-Conde Luis H. , Suárez-Méndez Alejandro , Mendoza-Cruz Rubén , Klimova Tatiana E.
Published: June 2024

Ni, Pt, and NiPt catalysts supported on SBA-15 were synthesized, characterized, and tested in anisole hydrodeoxygenation to determine the effect of the metal’s nature on the catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of the aromatic ring of anisole and hydrogenolysis of the C–O bond in the cyclohexyl methyl ether intermediate. Metal loadings in the catalysts were 5 wt% of Ni and 1 wt% of Pt. The bimetallic NiPt/SBA-15 catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity in both hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis, attributed to the promotional effect of Pt on NiO reduction and the formation of a Ni–Pt alloy with better dispersion of metal nanoparticles.

Graphical abstract
Field screening of genotypes for resistance against tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Singh S. P. , Neetu  , Kumar Anil
Published: June 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is important vegetable crop in India. Tomato leaf curl viral disease caused by tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) (genus: Begomovirus, family: Geminiviridae) and transmitted by whitefly (Bemisiatabaci) is considered as the most devastating one. Recently, available tomato varieties are not screened against this disease in the agroecosystem of India. Therefore, in this study commercial varieties of tomato genotypes including 32 lines including1 resistant and 1 susceptible check were screened against ToLCV in open field condition at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi during 2019-20. Among the screened genotypes, H-24, H-88-78-1, Arka Alok and ArkaVardan showed highly resistant reaction to (ToLCV). The Per cent Disease Incidence (PDI) of ToLCV were significantly lower for all these of genotypes. Hence, these resistant sources can be used in resistant breeding programme for further development of varieties/hybrids against ToLCV virus.
Identification of superior autumn specific silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) hybrids suitable for temperate region of Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Neelaboina Bharath Kumar , Shivkumar  , Kiran R. , Kumaresan P. , Singh Sardar
Published: June 2024

Sixteen bivoltine silkworm hybrids were developed and evaluated at Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Pampore, Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) during spring (May-June) and autumn (August-September) 2022 along with controls. The main aim is to develop superior silkworm hybrids for autumn season. The characteristics of autumn season in J&K are poor leaf quality, high incidence of diseases powdery mildew, leaf spot and sub-optimal rearing conditions. Hence, silkworm breeds/hybrids need to be developed to withstand these unfavourable conditions during autumn season. Based on the performance, out of sixteen bivoltine silkworm hybrids 07 silkworm hybrids during spring and 05 silkworm hybrids during autumn performed well with evaluation index (E.I) value above 50. During spring season 07 silkworm hybrids viz., Line-5 × Line- 6, Line-5 × Line-7, Line-5 × Line-9, Line-16 × Line-6, Line-16×Line-7, Line-17 × Line-7 & Line-18 × Line-6 recorded E.I values 50.54, 60.09, 52.60, 58.76, 56.70, 56.78 & 59.97, respectively over controls (SH6×NB4D2 [42.41], FC2×FC1 [65.09] & G11×G19[49.81]) whereas in autumn 05 silkworm hybrids viz., Line-16 × Line-9, Line-17 × Line-3, Line-18 × Line-3, Line-18 × Line-6 & Line-18 × Line- 9 performed well with E.I values 53.36, 54.99, 53.25, 64.24 & 59.95, respectively over controls (SH6×NB4D2 [49.77], FC2×FC1 [67.04] & G11×G19[52.78]). Among the best performed 07 hybrids during spring and 05 hybrids during autumn, one hybrid Line-18 × Line-6 recorded E.I value above 50 in both seasons and identified as superior hybrid for autumn season suitable for temperate region of Jammu and Kashmir.
Antibacterial and antifungal activity of seed extracts of Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. extracted by traditional and modern extraction methods
Authors: Donga Savan , Movalia Janaki
Published: June 2024

The medicinal plants have been one of the major sources of medicines since the beginning of civilization. Herbal medicines are becoming more and more popular in recent years with their over increasing acceptability in both developing and developed countries. The development of new antimicrobial agents against resistant pathogens is increasing interest.In the present investigation, Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. seeds were extracted by Traditional and Modern extraction methods and evaluated their antibacterial and antifungal potential against some pathogenic microorganisms.The antibacterial and antifungal tests were performed using Agar well diffusion methodagainst 4Grampositive, 4 Gramnegative, 3 fungiand 3 clinical isolates. Antibacterial activity was more than antifungal activity. SA and EC were the most susceptible Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria while CR, CG and CN were the most resistant bacterial and fungal strains. The seed extracts may be a promising source of antimicrobics to treat microorganisms causing infectious diseases. They can be used as innovative antimicrobial agents that are important in medicine and microbial control.
Fluxapyroxad 167 g/l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC : A new fungicide for controlling fungal diseases in wheat
Authors: Hada Neeraj , Aswani R.C. , Bhadauria S.S. , Kumar Amit , Gurjar L.S. , Singh Y. P.
Published: June 2024

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important staple food crop of the world affected by yellow rust, brown rust and other foliar diseases which infect leaves, stems and ears causing up to 32 per cent crop loss. Hence, an investigation was initiated to study the bio-efficacy of different standard and new fungicides against various diseases of wheat. A twoyear field experiment was conducted at instructional farm ofRajmata VijayarajeScindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sheopur during 2017-18 and 2018-19 in randomized block design replicated three times. Pre-mixture of Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC is a new fungicide combination effective against fungal disease in wheat. Eight treatment were imposedviz., Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC @ 50 g ai/ha, Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC @ 100 g ai/ha, Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC @ 150 g ai/ha, Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC @ 200g ai/ha, Fluxapyroxad 300 g/l SC @ 167 g ai/ha, Pyraclostrobin 20% WG @ 100 g ai/ha, Azoxystrobin 18.2% w/w + Difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC @ 0.3 g/l of water along with one untreated control. Two sprays were taken up at 15 days interval during flowering stage. Among the various treatments, Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC @ 200 g ai/ harecorded significantly lower per cent disease incidence on wheat crop (5.21 per cent) than control (21.87 per cen). The same treatment recorded highest yield (5650 kg/ha) while control plot yielded least (3394 kg/ha). There were no visual phytotoxicity symptoms observed in terms of chlorosis, necrosis, epinasty, leaf injury, wilting and hyponasty on wheat crop by Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC treatment even at 300 g ai/ha. The current study indicated that two sprays of Fluxapyroxad 167 g/ l + Pyraclostrobin 333 g/l 500 SC @ 200 g ai/ha would be a suitable option for the control of yellow rust, brown rust and other foliar diseases in wheat.
Free radical scavenging efficacy of Zakhm-e-Hayat
Authors: Mushtaq Abeeda , Sharma Vikas , Thappa Chandan , Roy Proloy Sankar Dev
Published: June 2024

The very valuable perennial evergreen herb ‘Bergenia ciliata’,has been utilised as a medication to cure a variety of human ailments in the Himalayan region andbased on the many ethnomedicinal values of this plant, it becomes imperative to determine the active ingredients present in different parts of the plant as well as their composition.The present study was designed to investigate the presence of various phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of rhizome extracts of B. ciliataand among the different solvent extractsused; the methanolic extract showed the highest total phenolic content and acetone extract showed highest flavonoid content. Thefree radical scavenging activity was found highest in methanol extract followed by acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and n-hexane,similar trend was followed in case of antioxidant potential determined by FRAP and metal ion chelation assays, the highest activity was found in methanolic extract followed by acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and n-hexane. The current study suggested that the methanol extract of B. ciliata posses strong antioxidant potential, which can be exploited in functional foods and pharmaceutical industries.
Phytosociological studies on weeds in paddy BPT5204 crop fields of Kurnool district (united), A.P., India
Authors: Kumary P. Helen , Meerabai G.
Published: June 2024

The study revealed the presence of 31 species that are distributed in 26 genera and 17 families. Among them Phyllanthusamarus Schum. & Thonn. of the family Euphorbiaceae was showing highest number of total individuals (495). Euphorbiaceae family is dominated with 6 species followed by Amaranthaceae and Asteraceae families with 4 species in each; Cyperaceae, Molluginaceae and Poaceae with 2 species in each; 11 families such as Apocynaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Cleomaceae, Commelinaceae, Hydrophyllaceae, Lamiaceae, Lythraceae, Nyctaginaceae, Onagraceae, Solanaceae and Teliaceae families were represented with a single species. In the studied paddy crop fields the highest IVI value (35.92) was showing for Ammaniabaccifera L. of the family Lythraceae. Since the weed species might compete better to reduce growth and yield of associated crop, this phytosociological information is necessary to take appropriate cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical measures for their control.
Effect of humic acid on the growth and yield attributes of wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Sharma Geetanjali
Published: June 2024

The present investigation entitled “Effect of humic acid on the growth and yield attributes of wheat crop” the experiment was carried out at the research farm Sitholi campus ITM University, Gwalior (M.P.) during 2019-20 under the agroclimatic and soil conditions of Northern Madhya Pradesh. Humic acid, the main fraction of soil organic matter, is a vital factor for maintenance of soil fertility and plant. The experimental material for the present investigation was comprised of eight treatments viz of the wheat. These treatment were laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The various observations were recorded on the basis of five random on competitive plants selected from each treatment separately for growth, yield and yield attributes and quality parameters and we’re evaluated as per standard procedure The result will help to a great extent in treatment of different levels of humic acid with RDF doses treatment T8 (RDF100+1250ppmHumic acid foliar spray) was found significantly superior as compared to other treatments. Highest growth parameters (viz. plant population, plant height, number of tillers/m2, number of leaves culm-1, number of ear head m-2, crop area index, root length, dry weight of plant and fresh weight of plant at all growth stages of the crop including at harvest.) and yield and yield attributes (viz., length of ear head, number of grain per ear had, weight of ear head, test weight, grain yield per plant, grain yield per plot and grain yield per hectare ) were recorded in T8 (RDF100+1250ppmHumic acid foliar spray) and minimum were recorded in T1 (Absolute control).Whereas the highest quality parameters (viz., protein content) and economics of treatment revealed that that highest gross return was recorded in T8. The lowest gross return was recorded in T1. However, read-through of data revealed that highest net return was recorded in T8. The lowest net return was recorded in T1. However, perusal of data revealed that higher benefit: cost was recorded in T7 and T8. The lowest benefit: cost was recorded in T1.
Isolation, characterization of potential probiotic strains of Enterococcus from sewage water
Authors: Upadhyay Upashna , Singh Poonam
Published: June 2024

The present study mainly focused on the isolation and characterization of Enterococcus. The present study has demonstrated that Enterococcus strains from sewage water samples may be a probiotic candidate with functional characteristics in terms of resistance to low pH and bile salts, and antagonistic activity.Enterococcusspp. were able to tolerate gastric and intestinal conditions,lower cholesterol, produce CLA, and hydrolyze bilesalts.
Analysis of viability of using hydroponics in cultivation of medicinal herb Brahmi (Bacopa Monnieri L. west)
Authors: Sharma Monika , Raghuvanshi A.C. , Singh Pragya , Tejovathi G.
Published: June 2024

Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri L. west) is a 7th important & highly endangered medicinal plant of India. Market size is forecasted to reach $320 million by 2026. Conventional production, takes 3-4 months for harvesting, is highly influenced by environmental conditions. Hydroponic is an ancient method of growing plants in soil less system with roots submerged in water with mineral nutrients and dissolved Oxygen (DO). By providing proper nutrients and controlled environmental conditions, large population of plants can be grown in relatively small area & all through the year. Thus, we can obtain optimum production rapidly as compared to conventional farming. So, present study is aimed to identify suitable nutrient and environmental conditions for brahmi commercial cultivation in hydroponic system. Experiments were carried out with 5 to 6 twigs of 5-8cm long / net pots in four hydroponic systems (NFT, DFT, DWC and vertical) with inert supporting materials ( clay bubbles, cocopeat and foam). Hogland, NPK, Grow Micro Bloom, plant decomposed extracts and Syngenta fertilizer were used as nutrients. Environmental parameters, temperature, pH, DO, EC and TDS were tested at three (high, control, low) levels. Shoot and root lengths; fresh and dry weights were measured after 45 days from 7-10 samples from all repeats /experiment. Data was pooled and mean and SE was calculated.Brahmi growth was observed to be high in NFT system followed by DFT system with cocopeat as physical support system. According to shoot root length and fresh and dry weight, Syngenta fertilizer found to be a suitable nutrient. While in physical conditions temperature (35-450C), pH (6.1-6.5), DO (4.0-4.4mg/l), EC (1.8-2.2 ms/cm) and TDS (500-600 ppm) and found to be suitable for optimum brahmi production in NFT system with cocopeat and Syngenta as nutrient. Thus, Hydroponics is a suitable method of cultivation of herbaceous medicinal plants like brahmi. Under controlled environmental conditions with suitable nutrients supply, optimum production can be achieved in relatively short time than the conventional farming.
Assessment of two-dimensional diffusion of sulfate ions in concrete based on one-dimensional condition
Authors: Yang Shuyan , Xu Panpan , Song Junjie , Chen Xiaolong , Che Jialing
Published: June 2024

A method to link one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) diffusion coefficients of sulfate ions in concrete is proposed. The method was established on the basis of 1D and 2D diffusion tests for different concrete strengths, different concentrations of sodium sulfate solution and different immersion periods. Based on the test results, a new 1D diffusion coefficient model, related to concrete strength, sodium sulfate concentration and immersion period, was established. It was found that 2D sulfate diffusion was not simply the superimposition of two 1D diffusions. Under the multi-factor conditions, the average diffusion coefficient in the 2D case (D2D) was found to be approximately 1.33 times that of the 1D case (D1D). Based on the 1D diffusion coefficient model and the D2D/D1D = 1.33 relationship, a new 2D diffusion coefficient model was developed. Complying with Fick's second law, based on the 2D diffusion coefficient model established, the sulfate ion concentration at each point under muti-factor conditions for 2D diffusion could be obtained, which also verified the proposed diffusion coefficient model.
Particle shape descriptors as a tool for classification of grain breakage
Authors: Gluchowski A. , Iskander M. G.
Published: June 2024

This study explores particle breakage of a calcareous sand, utilising dynamic image analysis and direct shear tests at varying normal stress levels to analyse the sand crushing mechanism. Tests were arrested at four phase transition points encountered during shear. Particle breakage was traced along a proposed scale based on the literature. Distinct behaviours in shape descriptors for particles of different diameters were observed under changing stress conditions. Agglomerated particle-level behaviour indicates that applied stress levels lead to different soil responses; at low stress, grains roll or slide, whereas at high stresses, grain movement is restricted. Particle breakage was evident even at minimal stress, with increasing grain size reduction as shear strain and stress levels heightened. This study introduces a parameter loading intensity (LI), amalgamating the effects of force chains and loading duration to model grain crushing. Relationships among the shape-angularity group indicator (SAGI), convexity (Cx) and sphericity (S) were also established, enabling calculation of these descriptors, after any loading intensity is applied, based on the initial values. Finally, a methodology for forecasting changes in S and Cx, under any given LIfor materials with a known SAGI is presented.
Assessment of sulfate resistance in fresh-to-fresh hybrid systems: a comparative study
Authors: Baloch Waqas Latif , Siad Hocine , Lachemi Mohamed , Sahmaran Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Composite systems (CSs) incorporating various concrete types have been introduced to enhance the performance of conventional concretes, while optimising the economic applicability of modern concretes. Systems consisting of layers of high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (HPFRC) in tension combined with compressive self-consolidating concrete (SCC) layers were evaluated in a severe sulfate environment. A variety of HPFRC materials were utilised, including ultrahigh-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) and engineered cementitious composites reinforced with steel and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibres. The samples were cyclically exposed to a concentrated sodium sulfate solution and physicomechanical changes and microstructural variations in the bonded layers, particularly the interfacial properties, were evaluated at 90 and 180 days. Exposed CSs were examined for visual appearance, mass gain, flexural and compressive strength, and tensile bond strength. Compared with monolithic SCC, CSs demonstrated superior chemical resistance under prolonged exposure to an extreme sulfate environment. Based on scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the UHPFRC-based system demonstrated higher resistance to deterioration. Interfacial fibres had a varying effect, with PVA fibres showing slightly better residual retention. Interfacial zones of CSs were also affected by high concentrations of reaction products from SCC, although the effects were less pronounced for UHPFRC layers.
Water Accounting
Authors: Meurer Sara , Michael van Bellen Hans
Published: June 2024

The urgent solutions required to avoid the increasingly frequent floods and droughts and many other issues regarding water access and management made water a subject that has attracted the attention of many – as they did with accounting professionals. Since businesses are among the largest consumers of freshwater worldwide, corporate engagement with water issues is required to safeguard the organization’s license to operate. Corporate Water Accounting then allows companies to determine the impacts of their water use and discharges on communities and ecosystems, evaluate their water-related material risks, track the effects of changes in their water management practices, and credibly report them to their stakeholders. Therefore, this theoretical essay addresses water issues within the accounting field by recognizing three interrelated approaches that drive corporate water accounting implementation - Water Risk, Water Resources Management, and Water Reporting. We acknowledge its concepts, some useful tools, and its most concerning challenges while tracing its current state, especially in Brazil, and our future expectations for water accounting development. Furthermore, based on the theoretical contributions discussed, we point out some challenges managers face and future research opportunities. We expect more accounting professionals and researchers to engage with corporate water accounting to overcome the gaps that challenge the field's development.
Ahıska Kazası Hurûfât Defterleri Örneğinde Bölgenin Toplumsal Tarihi
Authors: Küçük Levent
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivinde Hurufat Defterleri kataloğunda bulunan Ahıska kazası kayıtları örneklem olarak alınmak suretiyle kazanın toplumsal tarihine ilişkin bir kesit sunulmak istenmiştir. Seçilen defter serisi XVI. yüzyıl sonlarında Osmanlı idaresine giren ve XIX. yüzyıl başlarında Osmanlı idaresinden çıkan Ahıska bölgesine ait olması hasebiyle bölgenin Türkleşme ve İslamlaşma süreçlerini aydınlatması bakımından önem arz etmektedir.

Ahıska kazasına ait 23 defter üzerinden bölgenin 1690 ile 1834 yıllarına ait vakıf teşkilatının işleyişini çeşitli cami, mescid ve medrese gibi üniteler üzerinden inceleme fırsatı hâsıl olmuştur. Özelikle bu vakıf kurumlarında görevli olan personelin isimleri, atanma usulleri, kazançları, görev süreleri vb. kriterler üzerinden Ahıska bölgesinin toplumsal tarihine ilişkin tespitler yapılmıştır.
Towards a More Inclusive Society: A Scoping Review of Interventions and Policies for Changing Attitudes Towards People with Disability
Authors: Giuntoli Gianfranco , Idle Jan , Newman Christy , Fisher Karen R. , Edwards Yasmin , Robinson Sally
Published: June 2024

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities establishes that changing community attitudes is key to improving the experience of people with disability. We conducted a scoping review of studies of interventions to change knowledge, attitudes or behaviours toward people with disability. Results are presented within the six outcome areas of Australia’s Disability Strategy and categorised based on level of intervention, types of intervention and types of policy. Most interventions were at the organisational, community, and intrapersonal levels and consisted of education, training or modelling. Service provision, legislation, and guidelines were the main types of policy to implement attitude change. We found very little evidence of interventions at the governmental and interpersonal levels and no reference to other types of policies. We conclude that changing attitudes and behaviours about disability requires a combination of complementary intervention types, policy types and levels of intervention.
Trabalho remoto, a implementação de um protocolo de sustentabilidade para observar a mudança de comportamento ou não das pessoas
Authors: Barbosa Anderson Tadeu , Faria Luiz Carlos , Hayashi Carmino
Published: June 2024

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Classificada como trabalho a distância, o trabalho remoto é uma modalidade que existe há muito tempo e algumas empresas adotam esta forma de trabalho por muitos motivos, dentre os quais podemos apontar o bem-estar funcional, mobilidade, produtividade etc. A adoção do trabalho remoto estava em alta, e com o advento da Covid-19, por conta da necessidade do isolamento social, muitas empresas, funcionários de forma imediata e emergencial aderiram trabalho remoto. Estas pessoas passaram a executar as suas atividades diárias em um ambiente distante do tradicional e na grande maioria, em sua própria residência. Neste caso esta mudança repentina pode ter ocorrido sem qualquer tipo de preparação ou orientação no quesito de sustentabilidade. As pessoas adaptaram as condições existentes, para poderem conviver com as dificuldades apresentadas no cenário. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a mudança no comportamento das pessoas, a partir da aplicação de um protocolo de sustentabilidade ambiental no trabalho remoto.  Tal resultado vai demonstrar a importância de se ter um protocolo ou material de orientação periódico, com o viés da conscientização dos colaboradores, para que essas pessoas possam implementar práticas sustentáveis no seu dia a dia de trabalho em trabalho remoto.
PD-L1 expression in testicular germ cell tumors undergoing spontaneous regression
Authors: Novak Ivan , Tomić Miroslav , Mulabdić Denis , Pezelj Ivan , Čiček Slaven , Tomašković Igor , Sinčić Nino , Krušlin Božo , Ulamec Monika
Published: June 2024

Spontaneous regression of testicular germ cell tumors is a well-known phenomenon; however, the precise mechanisms of spontaneous regression are still unknown. Our study aimed to investigate programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in spontaneously regressed testicular germ cell tumors, exploring the link between the immune response and spontaneous regression. From a sample of 356 testicular germ cell tumors, we singled out 5 completely regressed and 6 partially regressed tumors. In four out of six cases with partial regression, a residual seminoma component was found, while in the remaining two cases, an embryonal carcinoma component was found. Comparisons were made with 20 pure seminomas and 20 mixed germ cell tumors (MGCTs). A semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and intra/peritumoral lymphocytes was performed. There was no PD-L1 expression in tumors with complete regression. All partially regressed tumors showed expression in intra/peritumoral lymphocytes within the tumor remnants. Expression was significantly more frequent in pure seminomas compared to MGCTs (P = 0.004). A positive correlation was demonstrated between the seminoma component and the proportion of PD-L1 positive lymphocytes, with a Kendall's Tau-b coefficient of 0.626 (P < 0.001). Tumor cells showed PD-L1 expression in three MGCTs within the embryonal carcinoma component. Our results support an immunological mechanism of spontaneous tumor regression, with the strongest potential in testicular tumors containing seminoma components. However, further research is necessary to determine the role of PD-L1 ligand more precisely in the microenvironment of spontaneously regressed tumors.
NEDC matrix application for metabolite imaging using MALDI-MSI v1
Authors: Fecke Antonia , W Smith Karl , Swapna Kasarla Siva , Bäuml Philipp , Phapale Prasad
Published: June 2024

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has emerged as a analytical technique more than 30 years ago. Originally developed as a method to analyze large biomolecules like proteins or peptides, MALDI-MS has over the years found a new application in the field of biological tissue imaging (MALDI-MSI). MALDI-MS has been utilized as an imaging tool for biological tissues, giving insight into the spatial distribution of molecules within complex tissue samples. Metabolomics research, which focuses on the study of metabolites present in a biological system, can benefit from this technology. Small molecules such as metabolites or lipids can be analyzed under the aspect of spatial distribution across tissue sections. This enables the investigation of metabolic pathways, biomarkers or the correlation of metabolic changes with specific tissue regions, uncovering potential links between metabolite variations and physiological or pathological conditions. Despite its potential, untargeted metabolomics using MALDI-MSI still faces several limitations. One major challenge is the diversity of matrices and protocols which are used to enhance ionization efficiency and the lack of information on metabolome coverage within different types of methods. One matrix of interest is NEDC (N-(1-napthyl)ethylendiamine dihydrochloride), which has gained recognition for its efficiency to visualize a broad range of metabolites. This protocol provides a guide on how to prepare fresh frozen tissue samples for MALDI-MSI of metabolites using the NEDC matrix. It covers cryosectioning and preparation of tissue samples and provides a method for NEDC matrix application using the Sunchrom Sprayer.
αS PFF Clearance Assay Protocol v1
Authors: Vermilyea Scott
Published: June 2024

This protocol details the clearance of αS PFF assay.