bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate governance, capital structure, and performance in family and non-family firms
Authors: Putri Tyara Dwi , Jadmiko Purbo , Novianti Neva , Arista Giralda Triyani
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to examine the effect of corporate governance and capital structure on the performance of family and non-family firms. Corporate governance is measured by independent boards of directors and commissioners. Capital structure was measured by debt-to-equity ratio and performance as proxied by return on equity. The data in this research was secondary data. The sampling method used the purposive sampling method. The samples were 11 family firms and 30 non-family firms. The data analysis used multiple regression to identify the effect of the dependent variable on the independent variable. The results of the research showed that the capital structure has a significant impact on the performance of family and non-family firms.
The influence of financial literacy, financial attitudes, and lifestyle on financial behavior
Authors: Widyakto Adhi , Liyana Ziyana Wahyu , Rinawati Tri
Published: August 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy, attitudes, and lifestyle on financial behavior in Management students of the Faculty of Economics, class of employees at the University of Semarang, class of 2019/2020. The population in this study were active students majoring in employee class management in the odd semester class of 2019/2020. The sample in this study was purposive sampling method. Purposive sampling is a data sampling technique based on certain considerations. The sample in this study collected 123 respondents. This research uses quantitative data type and the data source used is primary data. The data analysis technique using regression analysis test was carried out with the help of SPSS version 25. The results showed that only financial attitudes had a significant positive effect on financial behavior, while other variables such as financial literacy and lifestyle had no a significant effect on financial behavior. Its mean that financial attitudes will improve the quality of financial behavior in students.
Una propuesta de modelo con base en NIIF pymes para el mejoramiento de la gestión económica y financiera en pequeñas empresas guayaquileñas
Authors: Encalada Encarnación Vicente René
Published: August 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es diseñar un modelo para el perfeccionamiento de la gestión económico-financiera (GEF) en pequeñas operadoras de transporte registradas en la Superintendencia de Compañías de Guayaquil, Ecuador. La propuesta se modela a partir de la articulación de la norma internacional de información financiera (NIIF) para pequeñas y medianas entidades (pymes). Como metodología se aplica el análisis de criterios de expertos mediante el software Decision versión 1.0 y se relaciona la técnica de análisis cuantitativa para articular la NIIF a los procesos de gestión económico-financiera. El estudio identificó que con la propuesta del modelo se perfecciona la gestión económico-financiera de las empresas ecuatorianas en 66 %, generando así un aporte de modelo empírico desde los principios contables internacionales para contribuir a las prácticas empresariales. Empero, se tiene información de gestión, económica y financiera creíble y fiable que muestra a las pequeñas empresas más consistentes en los ámbitos social y económico.
Teoría del Pecking Order para el análisis de la estructura de capital: aplicación en tres sectores de la economía colombiana
Authors: Arévalo Lizarazo Guillermo Alejandro , Zambrano Vargas Sandra Milena , Vásquez García Angel Wilhelm
Published: August 2022

El propósito de este estudio es verificar si los gerentes de los sectores agropecuario, transporte y almacenamiento, turismo y alimentación de Colombia siguen una jerarquía de preferencias o Pecking Order al definir la estructura de capital de sus empresas. Mediante Bloomberg y EMIS se obtienen estados financieros de 1548 firmas entre 2017 y 2020 y se construyen tres modelos de análisis de datos de panel con efectos fijos, uno por sector. Se evidencia una relación negativa entre rentabilidad y utilidades acumuladas con el nivel de endeudamiento en los sectores agropecuario y turismo y alimentación. También se encuentra que el nivel de endeudamiento del sector turismo y alimentación aumentó con la crisis económica generada por el COVID-19, mientras el del sector agropecuario disminuyó. Se concluye que en estos sí existe una jerarquía de preferencias, no así en el sector  transporte y almacenamiento, donde se observa únicamente una relación negativa con la rentabilidad.
Home-schooling During the Two-year COVID-19 Lockdown in Uganda: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Milliam Kiconco , Dominic Karyarugokwo
Published: August 2022

In writing this paper, we have used secondary review methodology to critically analyse home-schooling in Uganda during the two-year COVID-19 school lockdown. This paper has used data from articles, newspapers, government documents and Non-Governmental Organizations reports. The paper begins with a discussion of the history of home-schooling and how countries resorted to home-schooling to curb the spread of corona virus. This is followed by a section that discusses Uganda's COVID-19 response and home-schooling in Uganda during the COVIDD-19 pandemic. Then, is the discussion about the limitations of home-schooling in Uganda. This section shows that much as the government of Uganda implemented a well-intentioned home-schooling program during the two-year school lockdown, most of the children, especially, those from poor families did not benefit because of factors such as lack of access to electronic gadgets, lack of internet, failure to receive self-study materials and lack of parental guidance among other factors. The paper ends with the conclusion that emphasises the view that much as all primary and secondary school-going children received an automatic promotion to the next class when the schools were re-opened in January 2022, the educational inequality between the children of the poor and the rich that was widened during the two-year COVID-19 lockdown will have a long-lasting negative implication on the learning outcomes of, especially, the children from the poor backgrounds.
Banking Integration in Open, Small Economies of the Pacific Island Countries
Authors: Jayawardena Nirodha , Ranadi Kalolaini , Sharma Parmendra , Cagilaba Seruwaia
Published: August 2022

This is the first study to systematically investigate the extent of financial integration in the small, open Pacific Island Countries (PICs). The study applies Autoregressive Distributed Lag co-integration technique on interest rate spreads and covers Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Tonga, while controlling for the effects from Australia and the United States for the period 1992 to 2019. In the short run, there is some evidence of regional as well as global integration. In the long run, both regional and global integrations become more pronounced. Explanations, consequences and policy implications are discussed.
Study on pecan seed germination influenced by seed endocarp
Authors: Liu Jia , Xue Tingting , Ren Liying , Cui Mingxia , Jiang Tao , Yang Xutao
Published: August 2022

Nondeep physiological dormancy exists in freshly harvested pecan (Carya illinoinensis) seed, and the endocarp inhibits the seed germination. New methods were tried to detect if “chemical dormancy” or “mechanical dormancy” was caused by the endocarp. The germination of freshly harvested pecan seed with the removal of different parts of the endocarp and the fracture pressure of the endocarp of pecan seed soaked in water at different temperatures were tested. The results showed that (1) there was no significant difference in germination rate between the pecan kernel keeping in touch and out of touch with the same part of the endocarp, (2) whether a part of endocarp was removed to expose the radicle, preventing endocarp from splitting by glue inhibited the radicle elongation significantly, (3) the fracture pressure of the endocarp decreased significantly over water uptake time, and (4) little difference in the fracture pressure of the endocarp between different soaking temperatures. In conclusion, it suggested that (1) the endocarp caused “mechanical dormancy” but “chemical dormancy,” (2) the prevention of radicle elongation was due to the endocarp pressuring the cotyledon rather than the direct physical restriction on the radicle, and (3) the radicle elongation seemed to be able to respond to the suture split and the pressure on the cotyledon.
Correlation between peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and primary systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Feng Yan , Li Zhijun , Xie Changhao , Lu Fanglin
Published: August 2022

This study explored the correlation between peripheral blood CD3＋, CD3＋/CD4＋, CD3+/CD8+, CD4＋/CD8＋, CD3−/CD16+ CD56+, and CD3−CD19+ and disease activity of different subtypes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The percentages of CD3+, CD3+/CD4+, CD3+/CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, CD3−/CD16+ CD56+, and CD3−CD19+ in the peripheral blood of patients (n = 80) classified into lupus nephritis, blood involvement, and joint involvement and SLE in different active stages were detected by flow cytometry. Their correlations with baseline clinical experimental indicators of SLE patients’ SLE disease activity index score (SLEDAI) and complement C3 were analyzed. The results showed that CD3+, CD3+/CD4+, and CD3+/CD8+ at baseline level were negatively correlated with SLEDAI scores. These were positively correlated with C3. In conclusion, T-lymphocyte subpopulations are closely related to SLE activity and can be used as reference indicators to evaluate the SLE activity.
BTBD10 inhibits glioma tumorigenesis by downregulating cyclin D1 and p-Akt
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Sen , Chen Ruoping , Chen Juxiang , Xiao Bo , Lu Yicheng , Liu Jiangang
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of BTBD10 in glioma tumorigenesis. The mRNA and protein levels of BTBD10 in 52 glioma tissues and eight normal brain tissues were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. U251 human glioblastoma cells were infected with BTBD10-expressing or control lentiviruses. Cell growth was evaluated using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using flow cytometry. Cyclin D1 and p-Akt levels were determined using western blot analysis. The results showed that BTBD10 mRNA and protein levels were significantly lower in glioma tissues than in normal brain tissues. Additionally, BTBD10 levels were significantly lower in high-grade gliomas than in low-grade tumors. Compared with control cells, U251 cells overexpressing BTBD10 exhibited decreased cell proliferation, increased cell accumulation at the G0/G1 phase, increased cell apoptosis, and decreased levels of cyclin D1 and p-Akt. These findings show that BTBD10 is downregulated in human glioma tissue and that BTBD10 expression negatively correlates with the pathological grade of the tumor. Furthermore, BTBD10 overexpression inhibits proliferation, induces G0/G1 arrest, and promotes apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells by downregulating cyclin D1- and Akt-dependent signaling pathways.
Transient analysis of MTR research reactor during fast and slow loss of flow accident
Authors: Selim Hala Kamal Girgis
Published: August 2022

The main objective for reactor safety is to keep the fuel in a safe condition with adequate safety margins during all operational modes (normal-abnormal and accidental states). To achieve this purpose an accident analysis of different design base accidents (DBAs), one of them is the loss of flow accident (LOFA), is required for assessing reactor safety. In this research, the safety aspects of 22 MW MTR research reactor under steady state and during loss of flow accident is studied. The flow transients considered include fast loss of flow accident (FLOFA) and slow loss of flow accident (SLOFA) modeled with exponential flow decay and time constants of 1 and 25 s, respectively. The analysis is done using PARET, a neutronics-hydrodynamics-heat transfer code. The transients were initiated from a full power with a flow trip point at 85% nominal. The calculated parameters are the temperatures of different components (fuel, clad and coolant) as a function of time for the hot channel. The results indicate that in both accidents the calculated maximum cladding surface temperature for the hottest channel of the reactor core does not exceed the allowable safety limit and the fuel integrity is maintained.
Paraganglioma-induced inverted takotsubo-like cardiomyopathy leading to cardiogenic shock successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Zhou Fang-Fang , Ding Jia-Sheng , Zhang Min , Tian Xin
Published: August 2022

Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that originate in the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla or lymph nodes. Paragangliomas manifest in rare cases as catecholamine crisis, leading to heart failure, intracranial hemorrhage, renal failure, arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, or multisystem failure. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is also called apical ballooning syndrome or stress cardiomyopathy. Left ventricular dysfunction with apical hyperkinesis and basilar and midventricular akinesis in the absence of coronary artery disease is highly suggestive of a variant of stress cardiomyopathy (inverted takotsubo cardiomyopathy). Herein, we report the case of a 69-year-old man with an unknown retroperitoneal paraganglioma who suffered from cardiogenic shock due to inverted takotsubo cardiomyopathy. He was treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO) in combination with an intra-aortic balloon pump. After the restoration of cardiac function, a successful transition to curative retroperitoneal paraganglioma resection was performed. We conclude that ECMO is a valuable option for undiagnosed endocrine emergencies, helping to restore cardiac function and allowing sufficient time for further accurate diagnosis and specific treatment.
Models, coproducts and exchangeability: Notes on states on Baire functions
Authors: Lapenta Serafina , Lenzi Giacomo
Published: August 2022

We discuss exchangeability and independence in the setting of σ-complete Riesz MV-algebras. We define and link to each other the notions of exchangeability and distribution law for a sequence of observables (i.e. non classical random variables), as well as the notion of independence for a sequence of algebras. We obtain two categorical dualities for σ-complete Riesz MV-algebras endowed with states and we define a “canonical” state on the coproduct of a sequence of probability Riesz tribes, giving a weak version of de Finetti’s result. Finally, we discuss statistical models.
stehen unter-Funktionsverbgefüge und ihre Familien
Authors: Fleischhauer Jens
Published: August 2022

Light verb constructions (German ‚Funktionsverbgefüge‘) are complex predicates consisting of a semantically light verb and a phrasal element. A characteristic property of light verb constructions is that they come in families, i. e., groups of identically formed light verb constructions exemplifying different interpretation patterns. On the basis of a corpus study, the paper discusses the existence of three different families of stehen unter ‚stand under‘ light verb constructions. In a detailed study, it is demonstrated that the three families are associated with different characteristics like the semantic type of PP-internal nouns and the choice of a causative light verb.
Konzeptuelle Metaphern zu Corona und der COVID-19-Pandemie in Kinderbüchern für das Kindergarten- und Grundschulalter
Authors: Zima Elisabeth
Published: August 2022

This papers contributes to the growing body of literature on the use of conceptual metaphors to frame the COVID-19 pandemic and the corona. Whereas previous linguistic analyses have focused on the use of metaphors by politicians and in the media, this paper is concerned with German children’s books and the use of conceptual metaphors therein that involve the target domains coronavirus,
virus transmission, and virus proliferation as well as counter measurements and reactions of the immune system. The analysis reveals that war-metaphors, which are salient in political and media discourse, are much less dominant in children’s books. The books systematically draw on source domains that are well entrenched in children’s everyday experience, such as police, quarrelling, partying, playing in the sandbox, jumping, surfing, and travelling. Furthermore, ontological metaphors and more specifically personifications are widespread, with the virus being construed as a curious adventurer without genuinely bad intentions, a villain or monster and even a savior. The paper is grounded in Cognitive Semantics and more specifically in Conceptual Metaphor Theory and provides multimodal analyses that pay attention to both verbally and visually expressed information and metaphorical mappings.
Zwischen Abgrenzung und Annäherung. Essens- und Tischgemeinschaft von Juden und Nichtjuden anhand der Diasporanovellen Judith sowie Josef und Asenet
Authors: Bühner Ruben A.
Published: August 2022

Nicht nur bei zahlreichen griechisch-römischen Autoren der Antike, sondern auch in jüngsten Publikationen findet sich die Annahme, dass die Ablehnung jeder Form von Tischgemeinschaft mit Nichtjuden ein weit verbreitetes und weitgehend einheitliches Merkmal jüdischer Frömmigkeit im Judentum zur Zeit des Zweiten Tempels war. Demgegenüber wird hier anhand einer exemplarischen Untersuchung des Buches Judith und der Erzählung von Josef und Asenet argumentiert, dass das antike Judentum von komplexen und teilweise widersprüchlichen Diskursen zu diesem Thema geprägt war. Verschiedene Formen der Essens- oder Tischgemeinschaft zwischen Juden und Nichtjuden konnten als legitim angesehen werden, solange bestimmte Bedingungen erfüllt waren.
The six recipes of Zhou: a new perspective on Jin (金) and Xi (锡)
Authors: Pollard A.M. , Liu Ruiliang
Published: August 2022

Knowledge of alloying practices is key to understanding the mass production of ancient Chinese bronzes. The Eastern Zhou text, the Rites of Zhou, contains six formulae, or recipes, for casting different forms of bronze based on the combination of two components: Jin and Xi. For more than 100 years, the precise interpretation of these two components has eluded explanation. Drawing on analyses of pre-Qin coinage, the authors offer a new interpretation, arguing that, rather than pure metals, Jin and Xi were pre-prepared copper-rich alloys, in turn indicating an additional step in the manufacturing process of copper-alloy objects. This result will be of interest to linguists, as well as archaeologists of ancient Chinese technology.
Affective and Perceptual Responses During an 8-Week Resistance Training to Failure Intervention at Low vs. High Loads in Untrained Women
Authors: Anderson Olivia K. , Voskuil Caleb C. , Byrd M. Travis , Garver Matthew J. , Rickard Alex J. , Miller William M. , Bergstrom Haley C. , Dinyer McNeely Taylor K.
Published: August 2022

Anderson, AlOK, Voskuil, CC, Byrd, MT, Garver, MJ, Rickard, AJ, Miller, WM, Bergstrom, HC, and Dinyer McNeely, TK. Affective and perceptual responses during an 8-week resistance training to failure intervention at low vs. high loads in untrained women. J Strength Cond Res 37(3): 546–554, 2023—This study examined the effects of resistance training (RT) to failure on the perceptual and affective responses, intent-to-continue RT to failure in a self-initiated session, and affect-intent relationship. Twenty-three untrained women (mean ± SD: age 21.2 ± 2.2 years; height 167 ± 5.7 cm; body mass, 62.3 ± 16.2 kg) completed an 8-week, full-body RT to failure intervention at a low (30% 1RM; n = 11) or high (80% 1RM; n = 12) load. The Borg’s rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale was used to assess the acute (aRPE) and session (sRPE) RPE immediately after repetition failure and each training session, respectively. Immediately, 15-minute, and 60-minute postsession affective responses were assessed using the feeling scale (FS; −5 to +5), and intent to continue to RT was assessed on a scale of 0–100% intention. During week 4 (W4) and week 8 (W8), aRPE (W4: 18 ± 2, W8: 18 ± 2; p ≤ 0.032) and sRPE (W4: 17 ± 2, W8: 18 ± 1; p ≤ 0.018) were greater than that during week 1 (W1; aRPE: 17 ± 2; sRPE: 16 ± 2). The FS responses increased from immediately to 60-minute postsession during W4 (p ≤ 0.019) and W8 (p ≤ 0.049). The correlation between affect and intent-to-continue RT increased from W1 (r = 0.416) to W8 (r = 0.777). Regardless of load, untrained women reported similar perceptual, affective, and intention responses. These variables should be considered to improve RT program adoption and adherence in women.
Амбівалентність мислення як спосіб подолання когнітивного дисонансу
Authors: Oleksandr Mykhailiuk Oleksandr , Vershyna Viktoriia
Published: August 2022

Когнітивний дисонанс і амбівалентність мислення розглядаються як такі, що знаходяться одне до одного у відносинах амбівалентності: когнітивний дисонанс постає як реакція на амбівалентність, як засіб подолання амбівалентності, а амбівалентність мислення, в свою чергу, як засіб подолання когнітивного дисонансу.
IMPACT OF UKRANIAN CULTURAL DIPLOMACY ON ECONOMIC. POSSIBLE WAYS TO IMPLEMENT FRENCH CASES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Barbashyna Kateryna Ruslanivna
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the cultural aspect of the economic development of Ukraine and France. This work aims to study the impact of cultural events and activities on economic stability, investment attraction, and setting efficient relationships with partners. Mostly, attention is drawn to the definition of the Francophonie term, as one of the successful examples of intercultural cooperation with a great impact on the economy of France. The main goal is to emphasize actual events and actions in this field and suggest potential ways to develop a cultural policy for Ukraine, following the example of France. Because, in terms of current conditions, Ukrainian culture has opportunities to spread around the world. We need to establish possible ways of developing this sphere because it impacts positively on the Ukrainian economy and establishes the reliant authority of Ukraine in the international arena.
Forschung in der digitalen Welt
Authors: Welck Karin von , Thaller Manfred , Sahle Patrick , Vogeler Georg , Heller Markus , Rübsamen Dieter , Kuczera Andreas , Schildt Bernd , Stäcker Thomas , Heckmann Dieter , Bischoff Frank Michael , Schaser Angelika
Published: August 2022

Bei Projekten zur Digitalisierung in Geisteswissenschaften ist heute die Realisierung größerer, überregionaler und über das World Wide Web abfragbarer Lösungen erforderlich. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes wurden auf der Tagung des Staatsarchivs Hamburg und des Zentrums "Geisteswissenschaften in der digitalen Welt" an der Universität Hamburg am 10. und 11. April 2006 gehalten. Sie leisten einen interdisziplinären Beitrag zur erforderlichen Standardisierung dieser Angebote, die erst den dringend notwendigen Austausch erleichtern und die gemeinsame Nutzung strukturierter Daten ermöglichen kann.
Application of solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and comparison of both detection techniques (DAD and FLD) to analyse nesfatin-1 in fetal bovine serum samples
Authors: Tuzimski Tomasz , Szubartowski Michał
Published: August 2022

In this study, we propose a simple, cost-effective, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography with both detection techniques such as diode-array detection and fluorescence detection (HPLC-DAD-FLD) for the determination of nesfatin-1 in fetal bovine serum samples. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for nesfatin-1 were set at satisfactory values in the range 0.22–0.35 mg mL−1 and in the range 0.67–1.05 mg mL−1, respectively (at two different wavelengths (DAD) and at four different wavelengths (FLD)). Analyte concentrations were determined as the average value from fetal bovine serum matrix samples. The preliminary results show that the SPE procedure on Isolute Si-TsOH (SCX-3) could be used for further nesfatin-1 analyses in human serum samples. Both the SPE technique, chromatographic analysis with gradient elution mode and detection technique are fast and convenient.
Clinical, morphological and molecular biological examination of the myocardium in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Mitrofanova L. B. , Makarov I. A. , Runov A. L. , Vonsky M. S. , Danilova I. A. , Sidorin V. S. , Moiseva O. M. , Conradi A. O.
Published: August 2022

The presence of coronavirus-associated myocarditis remains controversial despite elevations in cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptide in many patients.

Aim. To assess the morphological changes in the myocardium of patients who died due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and compare them with the intravital level of cardiac biomarkers.

Material and methods. A total of 420 hospital charts and 77 autopsies of those who died from COVID-19 were analyzed. In 15 of 77 cases (19%) with histologically suspected myocarditis, an immunohistochemical examination of the myocardium with antibodies to CD3, CD45, CD8, CD68, CD34, Ang1, VWF, VEGF, HLA-DR, MHC1, C1q, VP1 of enteroviruses was performed, and in 8 patients with immunohistochemically confirmed myocarditis (10%) — polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2.

Results. Hemorrhage, intramural thrombosis, necrosis of non-coronary origin, myocardial infarction and lymphocytic myocarditis were detected in 43%, 10%, 17%, 19% and 10% of cases, respectively, without coronavirus N and E gene sequences in the myocardium. Dysplasia, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the vascular endothelium, expression of Ang1, VWF, VEGF, MHC1, C1q, VP1 of enteroviruses were determined in 100, 100, 87, 100, 75 and 62% of cases of myocarditis, respectively. There were no significant correlations between inflammatory biomarkers and myocarditis.

Conclusion. The main morphological manifestation of COVID-19 in the myocardium is the so-called endotheliitis with dysplasia and endothelial activation, leading to hemorrhages, intramural thrombosis and necrosis. There is no convincing evidence of a direct involvement of coronavirus in myocarditis induction.
Pulmonary embolism and atrial fibrillation: analysis of data from the SIRENA Russian registry
Authors: Alieva E. Kh. , Syromyatnikova L. I. , Erlikh A. D. , Sheludko V. S.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To present the clinical characteristics and in-hospital prognosis in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Material and methods. On the initiative of a working group of physicians, the basic principles of an observational prospective study (SIRENA registry) have been developed.

Results. Among the 660 patients included in the registry, AF was diagnosed in almost every fourth patient — in 22,9% of cases (n=151), which reflects its high incidence in relation to PE. The prevalence of AF corresponded to such conditions as heart failure (HF) (23,2%; n=153), diabetes (15,6%; n=103), and hypertension (HTN) (65,7% n=400). The diagnosis of AF in most patients is based on the history data (n=144; 95,4%), while the first registered AF episode was verified in 7 patients (4,6%). Patients with AF were characterized by older age, significantly higher prevalence of HF (51,2%), HTN (80,8%), chronic kidney disease (18,5%), stroke or transient ischemic attack (23,2%). It is important to note the low prevalence of anticoagulant therapy (15,3%) in the group of patients with previously diagnosed AF (n=144). The prevalence of thrombolytic therapy in patients with AF was significantly lower than among patients without AF (13,9 vs 25,8% (p=0,026)), which is due to contraindications and underdiagnosis of PE. Given the predominantly senile age, high comorbidity rate in patients with AF, as well as the absence of outpatient anticoagulant therapy, in-hospital mortality in patients with PE and AF was 31,1%, and significantly differed from that in those without AF 12,6% (p=0,001). In the general group, post-mortem diagnosis of PE was noted in 7,7% of cases (n=51), of which the proportion of patients with AF was 54,9% (n=28). A possible explanation for the underestimation of PE in AF patients was an erroneous explanation of its manifestations (tachypnea, tachycardia, lower limb edema) due to concomitant HF.

Conclusion. Suspicion for PE in elderly patients with AF and manifestations of HF decompensation, as well as the timely administration of anticoagulant therapy, will prevent both arterial and venous embolism.
Algorithm for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias recorded during wakefulness
Authors: Zhabina E. S. , Tulintseva T. E. , Treshkur T. V.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To study the clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics of exerciseinduced arrhythmias and develop an algorithm for managing patients with exerciseinduced ventricular arrhythmias (VA).

Material and methods. For the period from 2015 to 2019 203 patients with VA during periods of wakefulness were selected from the database of patients who performed Holter monitoring; 167 of them were selected, who underwent a treadmill test (TT) according to the standard Bruce protocol. During TT, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of VA were assessed. Further examination and treatment were carried out according to the proposed algorithm.

Results. In 80 patients (48% of all those who underwent TT), regardless of VA presence in the pretest, arrhythmias had an exercise nature and appeared and/or progressed during exercise. These patients were included in the present study to assess the causal relationship of VA with any disease. Following the algorithm, coronary artery disease was verified in 15 people, stage I-II hypertension — in 25, and minor heart defects — in 21. Of the remaining 19 patients without association of exercise-induced VA with any disease during the initial examination, 5 patients were diagnosed with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy/right ventricular dysplasia during prospective follow-up. In the remaining 14, VAs were considered idiopathic.

Conclusion. The presented algorithm can accelerate both the search for the causes of exercise-induced VA and the choice of personalized treatment.
Diagnostics of Fabry disease in arrhythmology practice: a case report
Authors: Dragunova M. A. , Kisteneva I. V. , Pavlyukova E. N. , Nazarenko L. P. , Popov S. V.
Published: August 2022

Heart failure in Fabry disease (FD) is unfavorable prognostic manifestation and cause of death. Given that the disease is rare in clinical practice, the low awareness of physicians about this pathology leads to its late diagnosis and the lack of pathogenetic therapy.

Aim. To present a clinical picture of the cardiovascular phenotype in FD in order to increase the awareness of doctors about this disease.

Material and methods. In this clinical case, an asymptomatic FD course up to 46 years of age and mani festation in the form of arrhythmia were observed. According to echo car dio graphy, severe left ventricular hypertrophy (myocardial mass index, 214 g/m2) without signs of left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction and left atrial (LA) dilatation were revealed (LA volume index — 47 ml/m2). Right ventricular (RV) and LV systolic function was assessed using two-dimensional speckletracking strain echocardiography. Latent subclinical RV and LV systolic dysfunction was established.

Results.  Tandem mass spectrometry revealed a sharp decrease in alphagalactosidase activity of 0,03 umol/L/h (norm range, 0,80-15,00 umol/L/h), as well as an in creased Lyso-GB3 concentration of 95,18 ng/ml (normal range, 0,05-3,0 ng/ ml). A molecular genetic study of blood samples was carried out. By direct automatic sequencing of the GLA gene, a variant of the c.1229 C>T nucleotide sequence was identified, leading to the replacement of p.Thr4101le in the hemizygous state.

Conclusion. This case shows the possibility and expediency of diagnosing FD in cardiology practice in patients with LV myocardial hypertrophy of unclear etiology, while atypical variants can be diagnosed only by molecular genetic testing.
Effect of CPAP therapy on left atrial remodeling in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and obstructive sleep apnea undergoing pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Topchyan A. G. , Davtyan K. V. , Arutyunyan G. G. , Agaltsov M. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To study the isolated effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on left atrial (LA) remodeling in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) who underwent pulmonary vein (PV) ablation and concomitant severe and moderate OSA.

Material and methods. A subanalysis of echocardiographic data was performed in 50 patients with paroxysmal AF and moderate/severe OSA who underwent PV isolation and were followed up for 12 months (main group, 33; control group, 17). The clinical efficacy of catheter ablation was assessed after the end of the threemonth blind period. The following echocardiographic parameters were included in the subanalysis: anterior-posterior LA dimension, LA volume, LA volume index (LAVI), and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP).

Results. After 12 months, the control group showed a significant increase in the anterior-posterior LA dimension (40,5 (40-42) mm vs 42 (40-45) mm, p=0,037), LA volume (68,5 (58-74,5) ml vs 69 (63-89) ml, p=0,006), LAVI (35,0 (29-37) ml/m2 vs 35,5 (32-41,5) ml/m2, p=0,005) and PASP (27 (25-30) vs 30 (29-33), p=0,004). Intragroup analysis of patients not receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy and without recurrent AF did not reveal significant changes in LA size (anterior-posterior LA dimension — 40 (40-42) mm vs 40 (40- 41) mm, p=0,317; LA volume — 63 (58-71) ml vs 64 (61-69) ml, p=0,509; LAVI — 32 (29-36) ml/m2 vs 33 (31-34) ml2, p=0,509).

Conclusion. In patients with paroxysmal AF and concomitant moderate to severe OSA who underwent AF catheter treatment, the absence of CPAP therapy is not associated with a significant increase in the linear and volume LA dimensions in the absence of AF recurrence.
Thrombosis in unvaccinated and Gam-COVID-Vac-vaccinated patients with COVID-19
Authors: Moiseeva A. G. , Serova N. Yu. , Shaikhutdinova R. A. , Zharova A. S. , Korotkikh A. V. , Lider R. Yu. , Kazantsev A. N.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To analyze the incidence of thrombotic events in unvaccinated and GamCOVID-Vac-vaccinated patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material and methods. This prospective study included 316 patients (group 1) vaccinated with two doses of Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) hospitalized between November 20, 2020 and June 1, 2021 for COVID-19. Group 2 included 754 unvaccinated patients with a positive polymerase chain reaction test for SARSCoV-2.

Results. During inhospital period, deaths were recorded only in unvaccinated patients (group 1 — 0%; group 2 — 10,7% (n=87); p<0,0001). Among unvaccinated patients, the following thrombotic events were more common: upper- extremity deep vein thrombosis (group 1 — 0,63% (n=2); group 2 — 5,4% (n=41); p=0,0003), lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (group 1 — 2,21% (n=7); group 2 — 11,4% (n=86); p<0,0001), pulmonary embolism (PE) (group 1 — 0%; group 2 — 3,4% (n=26); p=0,0008), lower limb arterial thrombosis followed by thrombectomy (group 1 — 0,31% (n=1); group 2 — 12% (n=91); p <0,0001), lower limb arterial retrombosis after retrombectomy (group 1 — 0,31% (n=1); group 2 — 8,7% (n=66); p<0,0001), lower limb amputation (group 1 — 0%; group 2 — 8,7% (n=66); p<0,0001), composite endpoint (group 1 — 3,8% (n=12); group 2 — 55,2% (n=416); p<0,0001). In the long-term follow-up period (125,5±26,5 days), recurrent COVID-19 developed significantly more often in unvaccinated patients (group 1 — 0,63% (n=2); group 2 — 3,6% (n=24); p=0,007). All arterial and venous thromboses, limb amputations were diagnosed only among unvaccinated patients.

Conclusion. Vaccination with Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vak) prevents the severe COVID-19 with the development of deaths, pulmonary embolism, venous and arterial thrombosis.
Fibrosis biomarkers as predictors of left atrial appendage thrombosis in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Gizatulina T. P. , Khorkova N. Yu. , Mamarina A. V. , Belokurova A. V. , Martyanova L. U. , Petelina T. I.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To compare clinical, echocardiographic characteristics and blood biomarkers in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) depending on the presence of left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus and to identify independent predictors of LAA thrombosis.

Material and methods. Patients with nonvalvular AF subjected to transesopha geal echocardiography before catheter ablation were divided into 2 groups comparable by sex and age: group 1 (n=45) — with LAA throm bosis; group 2 (n=97) — without LAA thrombosis. The patients underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. In addition, the following blood biomarkers were analyzed: NT-proBNP (pg/ml), GDF-15 (pg/ml), TGF-β1 (pg/ml), PIIINP (ng/ml), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (mg/l), cystatin C (mg/l).

Results. In group 1, persistent AF, coronary artery disease, heart failure were more often noted. In addition, group 1 patients had higher volume indices of both atria, left ventricular mass index and pulmonary artery systolic pressure, as well as lower left ventricular ejection fraction and blood flow velocity in the LAA. There were no differences in the groups in terms of the mean CHA2DS2VASc score, the proportion of patients taking oral anticoagulants (OAC), and the OAC spectrum. In group 1, higher levels of NT-proBNP (p=0,0001), GDF15 (p=0,0001), PIIINP (p=0,0002) were found with no differences in the levels of TGF-β1, hsCRP and cystatin C. A stepwise logistic regression revealed independent predictors of LAA thrombosis: LA volume index (ml/m2) — odds ratio (OR)=1,084, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1,028-1,143 (p=0,003); GDF15 ≥933 pg/ml — OR=3,054, 95% CI, 1,260-7,403 (p=0,013); PIIINP ≥68 pg/ml — OR=5,865, 95% CI, 2,404-14,308 (p<0,001). There were following model quality parameters: AUC=0,815 (p<0,001), specificity, 74,4%, sensitivity, 72,7%.

Conclusion. In patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation taking OAC, serum levels of fibrosis biomarkers PIIINP ≥68 pg/mL and GDF-15 ≥933 pg/mL, along with the left atrial volume index, were independent predictors of LAA thrombosis.
Predictors of atrial fibrillation in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Tarzimanova A. I. , Bragina A. E. , Loriya I. Zh. , Pokrovskaya A. E. , Bykova E. E. , Ivannikov A. A. , Shvedov I. I. , Vanina D. D.
Published: August 2022

Early diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) predictors in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the appointment of additional therapy to prevent arrhythmias will improve the prognosis of patients.

Aim. To identify predictors of AF in patients with COVID-19.

Material and methods. This retrospective study included 1473 patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Depending on AF occurrence, the patients were divided into 2 groups as follows: group I included 95 patients with AF episodes during hospitalization; group II consisted of 1378 patients who did not have AF during hospitalization. All patients underwent a complete blood count and urine tests, a biochemical and coagulation blood tests, 12-lead electrocardiography, chest computed tomography (CT), and echocardiography.

Results. Chest CT found that lung tissue involvement in patients of group I was significantly greater than in group II (p<0,05). The number of patients with significant lung involvement >50% (CT-3 and CT-4) was significantly higher in the AF group than in the control group. The average room air oxygen saturation upon admission to the hospital were significantly lower in patients with AF than in the comparison group (p<0,05). Multivariate analysis showed that following factors have a significant effect on AF development in COVID-19 patients: age >60 years, hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, increased left atrial volume, large lung tissue involvement, and increased interleukin- 6 level.

Conclusion. There are two following groups of predictors initiating AF in COVID-19: generally known (older age, cardiovascular disease, increased left atrial volume) and those that determine the severe COVID-19 course (large lung damage and high interleukin-6 levels).
Clinical efficacy of a personalized exercise program in the rehabilitation of patients with atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Bubnova M. G. , Aronov D. M. , Makhinova M. M. , Davtyan K. V.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To study the clinical efficacy and safety of a personalized exercise program in the rehabilitation of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) after primary pulmonary vein radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

Material and methods. Patients (n=48) with paroxysmal AF who underwent RFA were randomized into two groups: main (n=24) — patients involved in the exercise program and received standard therapy; control (n=24) — patients received standard therapy. The program included exercise complexes with the calculation of energy consumption, step training and walking. The program lasted 6 months, while the follow-up period — 12 months. All patients in the study underwent a faceto-face learning interview.

Results. After 6-month exercise program, bicycle ergometer test revealed an increase in duration (by 18,6%, p<0,001) and power (by 24,8%, p<0,01) of the load, while these changes were not revealed in the control group. The positive aftereffect of training on these parameters persisted even after the completion of program. Left atrial and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension remained stable in exercise program group and significantly increased in the control group. In contrast to the control group, the following parameters significantly decreased in trained patients after 6 months: body mass index by 2,8% (p<0,05), systolic blood pressure by 2,1% (p<0,05), heart rate by 12,1% (p<0,05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration by 18,8% (p<0,001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein by 22,9% (p<0,05), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide by 28,2% ( p<0,05), aldosterone by 41,5% (p<0,001) and angiotensin II by 41,3%, p<0,05). In addition, in the exercise program group an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 20,6% (p<0,05) and physical activity level by 23,8% (p=0,001) was revealed. At the same time, both groups showed a significant decrease in the concentration of fibrinogen and transforming growth factor-β1. After 6 months, in the exercise program group versus the control group, there was a decrease in the number of registered supraventricular premature beats (p<0,01), episodes of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (p<0,05), including AF (p<0,05).

Conclusion. Involvement of patients with AF after catheter RFA in a cardiac rehabilitation program based on moderate-intensity aerobic training improves exercise tolerance, cardiac function, corrects thrombogenic factors, and reduces the likelihood of arrhythmia recurrence, including AF.
Analysis of electrocardiographic signs in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy before and after septal myectomy. New criterion for proximal left bundle branch block
Authors: Malishevsky L. M. , Zubarev S. V. , Gurshchenkov A. V. , Lebedeva V. K. , Lyubimtseva T. A. , Malishevskaya D. S. , Zaitsev V. V. , Gordeev M. L. , Lebedev D. S.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To analyze 20 electrocardiographic (ECG) signs of left bundle branch block (LBBB) before and after septal myectomy in patients with hypertrophic cardio myopathy (HCM) and develop a criterion for proximal LBBB based on the selected signs.

Material and methods. This retrospective non-randomized study included 50 patients with obstructive HCM who underwent septal myectomy. There were following inclusion criteria: QRS width <120 ms before surgery, transaortic access during septal myectomy, and QRS width ≥120 ms in the early postoperative period. For each patient, ECGs were analyzed before septal myectomy and in the first week after surgery. At the same time, 20 ECG signs proposed earlier in the LBBB criteria were independently assessed.

Results. Exsection of a small myocardial area of the basal interventricular septal parts, weighing an average of 4,9±2 grams, led to a significant increase in the QRS width (by 61±14,6 ms) and the prevalence of almost all ECG signs of LBBB. In 100% of cases (n=50), the following signs demonstrated significant dynamics after surgery: (1) midQRS notching or slurring in ≥2 contiguous leads (I, aVL, V1-V2, V5-V6); (2) absence of q wave in V5-V6 and (3) discordant T wave in at least two leads (I, aVL, V5, V6). Based on the design of the study, (4) QRS width ≥120 ms was additionally included. These ECG characteristics were combined into a new criterion for proximal LBBB

Conclusion. A new criterion for proximal LBBB was developed using the pathophysiological model of iatrogenic conduction block of left bundle branch. Further estimation of this criterion on a set of candidates for CRT with heterogeneous level of LBBB is necessary.
Effectiveness of beta-blockers in the treatment of idiopathic premature ventricular contractions in children
Authors: Alekseeva K. B. , Kruchina T. K. , Malyarova M. Sh. , Novik G. A.
Published: August 2022

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of beta-blockers (BB) in the treatment of idiopathic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in children.

Material and methods. BBs were prescribed to 27 children with idiopathic PVCs. In 3 (11,1%) patients, side effects (hypotension, bronchial obstruction) was revealed at the beginning of therapy. A total of 24 children were included in the further study (15 boys (62,5%), 9 girls (37,5%). The mean age was 8,3±5,4 years. Data from anamnesis, electrocardiography (ECG), 24-hour ECG monitoring, and echocardiography were analyzed.

Results. The 24-hour PVC rate was 33,2±17,7 thousand/day or 26,6±13,2%. In 14 (58,3%) children, we recorded paired PVCs, in 3 (12,5%) — multiform, in 10 (41,7%) — runs of non-sustained VT. There were complaints in 7 (29,2%) children. The follow-up period lasted 369,8±119,1 days. Propranolol was received by 17 (70,8%) patients, metoprolol — by 7 (29,2%). The therapy was effective in 11 (45,8%) patients, while ineffective in 13 (54,2%), among which 5 (20,8%) had an increase in the number of PVCs. The effectiveness of BBs was higher in children under the age of 1 year (p=0,043). Propranolol showed greater efficacy than metoprolol (p=0,047). Less efficiency was observed in female patients and those with pathological heart rate turbulence parameters (p=0,04).

Conclusion. The effectiveness of BBs in children with idiopathic PVCs is 45,8%, higher in children aged <1 year and declines with age, decreasing in adolescents to 25%. The use of BBs is limited by non-cardiac side effects in 11,1% of children. Propranolol is more effective than metoprolol.