bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Expression and Significance of Dickkopf-1 in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Shizhuo Wang , Tao Jiang , Shulan Zhang , Bing Zhang
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and prognostic value of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. The expression of DKK1 was determined in 56 epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissues, 35 benign ovarian cystadenoma tissues, and 12 normal ovarian tissues by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The DKK1 mRNA level in the carcinoma tissues was upregulated (5.5±2.7-fold increase) compared with that in the normal tissues (p<0.0001). The mRNA level of DKK1 in the cystadenoma tissues (1.1±0.4-fold increase) was not statistically different from that in the normal tissues (p=0.486). DKK1 protein expression in the carcinoma tissues was also higher (89.29%) than in cystadenoma (65.71%) and normal tissues (58.33%) (p=0.006 and p=0.009, respectively). In epithelial ovarian carcinoma, DKK1 gene and protein overexpression was associated with advanced FIGO stage (p=0.007, p=0.004) and poor differentiation grade (p=0.027, p=0.010). Elevated DKK1 protein levels in ovarian carcinoma samples were associated with a poor outcome in univariate and multivariate analysis (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001, respectively). The study indicated that DKK1 may be a useful prognostic and diagnostic indicator for epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
Morphological structure mediates the notional meaning of gender marking: Evidence from the gender-congruency effect in Hebrew speech production
Authors: Deutsch Avital , Dank Maya
Published: January 2018

This study investigated the gender-congruency effect of animate nouns in Hebrew. The Picture–Word Interference paradigm was used to manipulate gender congruency between target pictures and spoken distractors. Naming latency revealed an inhibitory gender-congruency effect, as naming the pictures took longer in the presence of a gender-congruent distractor than with a distractor from a different gender category. The inhibitory effect was demonstrated for feminine (morphologically marked) nouns, across two stimulus-onset asynchronies (SOAs) (Experiments 1a and 1b), and masculine (morphologically unmarked) nouns (Experiment 2). The same pattern was observed when participants had to produce bare nouns (Experiment 1) or gender-marked noun phrases (Experiment 3). The inhibitory pattern of the effect resembles previous findings of bare nouns in a subset of Romance languages, including Italian and Spanish. These findings add to previous research which investigated the gender-congruency effect of inanimate nouns, where no effect of gender-congruent words was found. The results are discussed in relation to the null effect previously found for inanimate nouns. The comparison of the present and previous studies is motivated by a common linguistic distinction between animate and inanimate nouns in Hebrew, which ascribes grammatical gender specifications to derivational structures (for inanimate nouns) versus inflectional structures (for animate nouns). Given the difference in the notional meaning of gender specification for animate and inanimate nouns, the case of Hebrew exemplifies how language-specific characteristics, such as rich morphological structures, can be used by the linguistic system to express conceptual distinctions at the form-word level.
Analysis of the delivery plane in the golf swing using principal components
Authors: Morrison Andrew , McGrath Denise , Wallace Eric S
Published: January 2018

Although the swing plane has been a popular area of golf biomechanics research, the movement of the club relative to the swing plane has yet to be shown experimentally to have a relationship with performance. This study used principal component and subsequent multiple regression analysis to investigate the relationship between the movement of the club relative to the delivery plane and clubhead characteristics at ball impact. The principal components reflected deviations from an individual swing plane, and lower values of these components were associated with less variability in the clubface impact location. In the event that a golf coach wants to improve the precision of ball striking, the results from this study suggest that both simplicity of the route and alignment of the club to the final trajectory before impact could be advantageous. However, this does not suggest that the technique should be based on a ‘model’ swing plane.
Radiation effects on antitumor immune responses: current perspectives and challenges
Authors: Walle Thomas , Martinez Monge Rafael , Cerwenka Adelheid , Ajona Daniel , Melero Ignacio , Lecanda Fernando
Published: January 2018

Radiotherapy (RT) is currently used in more than 50% of cancer patients during the course of their disease in the curative, adjuvant or palliative setting. RT achieves good local control of tumor growth, conferring DNA damage and impacting tumor vasculature and the immune system. Formerly regarded as a merely immunosuppressive treatment, pre- and clinical observations indicate that the therapeutic effect of RT is partially immune mediated. In some instances, RT synergizes with immunotherapy (IT), through different mechanisms promoting an effective antitumor immune response. Cell death induced by RT is thought to be immunogenic and results in modulation of lymphocyte effector function in the tumor microenvironment promoting local control. Moreover, a systemic immune response can be elicited or modulated to exert effects outside the irradiation field (so called abscopal effects). In this review, we discuss the body of evidence related to RT and its immunogenic potential for the future design of novel combination therapies.
Polarized macrophage subsets differentially express the drug efflux transporters MRP1 and BCRP, resulting in altered HIV production
Authors: He Hui , Buckley Merrion , Britton Bernard , Mu Ying , Warner Kristin , Kumar Santosh , Cory Theodore J
Published: January 2018

Introduction

Macrophages play an important role in HIV, where they are a cellular reservoir. Macrophages are polarized into two phenotypes: pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, which may have altered expression of drug efflux transporters, including BCRP and MRP1. These differences may result in subtherapeutic concentrations of antiretrovirals inside of macrophages and viral replication.

Methods

U937 and U1 cells were polarized to the M1 or M2 phenotype via IFN-γ and LPS, or IL-4, IL-13, and LPS. Transporter expression was assessed via PCR and Western blotting, and transporter function was assessed via fluorescent dye assays. Transporter function was blocked with the inhibitors MK571 or KO143. Protein expression was confirmed in monocyte-derived macrophages. p24 production was assessed in U1 cells via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

mRNA and protein analysis demonstrated higher expression of MRP1 in M1 macrophages, while BCRP expression was downregulated in M1 macrophages. Treatment with inhibitors of transporter function decreased the difference in intracellular fluorescence between polarized macrophages. Differences in protein expression, which were observed with U937 cells, were confirmed in monocyte-derived macrophages. M1, but not M2 cells treated with MK571, showed decreased p24 production, consistent with reported MRP1 transporter expression.

Conclusions

These results support our hypothesis that there is differential expression of MRP1 and BCRP on M1 and M2 polarized macrophages and suggests that these differences may result in altered intracellular concentrations of antiretrovirals in macrophages and alter viral production in these cells. Targeting these differences may be a strategy to decrease viral replication in HIV-infected individuals.
Self-guided Change: The most common form of long-term, maintained health behavior change
Authors: Bishop F Michler
Published: January 2018

Millions of people change risky, health-related behaviors and maintain those changes. However, they often take years to change, and their unhealthy behaviors may harm themselves and others and constitute a significant cost to society. A review—similar in nature to a scoping review—was done of the literature related to long-term health behavior change in six areas: alcohol, cocaine and heroin misuse, gambling, smoking, and overeating. Based on the limited research available, reasons for change and strategies for changing and for maintaining change were also reviewed. Fifty years of research clearly indicate that as people age, in the case of alcohol, heroin and cocaine misuse, smoking, and gambling, 80–90 percent moderate or stop their unhealthy behaviors. The one exception is overeating; only 20 percent maintain their weight loss. Most of these changes, when they occur, appear to be the result of self-guided change. More ways to accelerate self-guided, health-related behavior change need to be developed and disseminated.
Applied Contributions and Insights From Health Education Role Delineation Research (1978-2015) in Advancing the Health Education Profession in the United States
Authors: Taub Alyson , Gilmore Gary D. , Olsen Larry K. , Connell David
Published: January 2018

Five role delineation studies for health education specialists (HESs) were conducted from 1978 through 2015. The authors explored contributions and derived insights from these studies in advancing the profession of health education through professional preparation, credentialing, and professional development. The review process incorporated a comprehensive and methodic review of published and publicly available documents from the five studies: Role Delineation Project (1978-1981), Graduate Competencies Development Process (1992-1996), National Health Educator Competencies Update Project (1998-2004), National Health Education Job Analysis 2010 (2008-2009), and National Health Education Specialist Practice Analysis 2015 (2013-2014). The methodology involved identification and selection of resources; review of the published literature to identify comparison points that were analyzed across the five studies leading to data and information extraction; compilation of operational aspects, results, and professional buy-in; and identification of findings and eventually, themes. Three overarching themes emerged addressing: leadership, sponsors, and resources; a competency-based model of professional practice; and consistency and changes in defining the role of the HES. Nine major conclusions were drawn from the findings. Five key recommendations derived from the analyses and conclusions addressed greater health education role delineation research data set and report availability; wider dissemination of study findings and technical reports; increased representativeness of HES from key work settings and the three levels of professional practice in future role delineation studies; expansion of the research involvement and support from the full profession; and consistently naming the empirically based hierarchical model the Hierarchical Model of Professional Practice (HMPP).
Codesigning a Measure of Person-Centred Coordinated Care to Capture the Experience of the Patient
Authors: Sugavanam Thavapriya , Fosh Ben , Close James , Byng Richard , Horrell Jane , Lloyd Helen
Published: January 2018

Background:

Person-centred coordinated care (P3C) is a priority for stakeholders (ie, patients, carers, professionals, policy makers). As a part of the development of an evaluation framework for P3C, we set out to identify patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) suitable for routine measurement and feedback during the development of services.

Methods:

A rapid review of the literature was undertaken to identity existing PREMs suitable for the probing person-centred and/or coordinated care. Of 74 measures identified, 7 met our inclusion criteria. We critically examined these against core domains and subdomains of P3C. Measures were then presented to stakeholders in codesign workshops to explore acceptability, utility, and their strengths/weaknesses.

Results:

The Long-Term Condition 6 questionnaire was preferred for its short length, utility, and tone. However, it lacked key questions in each core domain, and in response to requests from our codesign group, new questions were added to cover consideration as a whole person, coordination, care plans, carer involvement, and a single coordinator. Cognitive interviews, on-going codesign, and mapping to core P3C domains resulted in the refinement of the questionnaire to 11 items with 1 trigger question. The 11-item modified version was renamed the P3C Experiences Questionnaire.

Conclusions:

Due to a dearth of brief measures available to capture people’s experience of P3C for routine practice, an existing measure was modified using an iterative process of adaption and validation through codesign workshops. Next steps include psychometric validation and modification for people with dementia and learning difficulties.
Recent advances in functional neuroimaging analysis for cognitive neuroscience
Authors: Williams Nitin , Henson Richard N.
Published: January 2018

Functional magnetic resonance imaging and electro-/magneto-encephalography are some of the main neuroimaging technologies used by cognitive neuroscientists to study how the brain works. However, the methods for analysing the rich spatial and temporal data they provide are constantly evolving, and these new methods in turn allow new scientific questions to be asked about the brain. In this brief review, we highlight a handful of recent analysis developments that promise to further advance our knowledge about the working of the brain. These include (1) multivariate approaches to decoding the content of brain activity, (2) time-varying approaches to characterising states of brain connectivity, (3) neurobiological modelling of neuroimaging data, and (4) standardisation and big data initiatives.
PLAC8, a new marker for human interstitial extravillous trophoblast cells, promotes their invasion and migration
Authors: Chang Wen-Lin , Liu Ya-Wei , Dang Yan-Li , Jiang Xiang-Xiang , Xu Honglin , Huang Xing , Wang Yan-Ling , Wang Haibin , Zhu Cheng , Xue Li-Qun , Lin Hai-Yan , Meng Wenxiang , Wang Hongmei
Published: January 2018

Proper differentiation of trophoblast cells in the human placenta is a prerequisite for a successful pregnancy, and dysregulation of this process may lead to malignant pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia. Finding specific markers for different types of trophoblast cells is essential for understanding trophoblast differentiation. Here, we report that placenta-specific protein 8 (PLAC8) is specifically expressed in the interstitial extravillous trophoblast cells (iEVTs) on the fetomaternal interface. Using model systems, including placental villi-decidua co-culture, iEVTs induction by using primary trophoblast cells or explants, etc., we found that PLAC8 promotes invasion and migration of iEVTs. Mechanistically, time-lapse imaging, GTPase activity assay, co-immunoprecipitation and RNA-seq studies show that PLAC8 increases the Cdc42 and Rac1 activities, and further induces the formation of filopodia at the leading edge of the migratory trophoblast cells. More interestingly, PLAC8 is significantly upregulated under hypoxia and expression of PLAC8 is higher in iEVTs from preeclamptic placentas when compared with those from the normal control placentas. Together, PLAC8 is a new marker for iEVTs and plays an important role in promoting trophoblast invasion and migration.
Floral homeotic proteins modulate the genetic program for leaf development to suppress trichome formation in flowers
Authors: Ó'Maoiléidigh Diarmuid S. , Stewart Darragh , Zheng Beibei , Coupland George , Wellmer Frank
Published: January 2018

As originally proposed by Goethe in 1790, floral organs are derived from leaf-like structures. The conversion of leaves into different types of floral organs is mediated by floral homeotic proteins, which – as described by the ABCE model of flower development – act in a combinatorial manner. However, how these transcription factors bring about this transformation process is currently not well understood. We have previously shown that floral homeotic proteins are involved in suppressing the formation of branched trichomes, a hallmark of leaf development, on reproductive floral organs of Arabidopsis. Here, we present evidence that the activities of the C function gene AGAMOUS (AG) and the related SHATTERPROOF1/2 genes are superimposed onto the regulatory network that controls the distribution of trichome formation in an age-dependent manner. We show that AG regulates cytokinin responses and genetically interacts with the organ polarity gene KANADI1 to suppress trichome initiation on gynoecia. Our results thus show that parts of the genetic program for leaf development remain active during flower formation but have been partially rewired through the activities of the floral homeotic proteins.
Continuous root xylem formation and vascular acclimation to water deficit involves endodermal ABA signalling via miR165
Authors: Ramachandran Prashanth , Wang Guodong , Augstein Frauke , de Vries Jan , Carlsbecker Annelie
Published: January 2018

The plant root xylem comprises a specialized tissue for water distribution to the shoot. Despite its importance, its potential morphological plasticity in response to environmental conditions such as limited water availability has not been thoroughly studied. Here, we identify a role for the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) for proper xylem development and describe how ABA signalling-mediated effects on core developmental regulators are employed to alter xylem morphology under limited water availability in Arabidopsis. Plants with impaired ABA biosynthesis and reduced ABA signalling in the cell layer surrounding the vasculature displayed defects in xylem continuity, suggesting that non-cell autonomous ABA signalling is required for proper xylem development. Conversely, upon external ABA application or under limited water availability extra xylem strands were formed. The observed xylem developmental alterations were dependent on adequate endodermal ABA signalling, which activated MIR165A. This resulted in increased miR165 levels that repress target class III HD-ZIP transcription factors in the stele. We conclude that a pathway known to control core developmental features is employed as a means of modifying plant xylem morphology under conditions of environmental stress.
Generation and characterisation of two D2A1 mammary cancer sublines to model spontaneous and experimental metastasis in a syngeneic BALB/c host
Authors: Jungwirth Ute , van Weverwijk Antoinette , Melake Miriam J. , Chambers Ann F. , Gao Qiong , Fivaz Marc , Isacke Clare M.
Published: January 2018

Studying the complex mechanisms underlying breast cancer metastasis and therapy response necessitates relevant in vivo models, particularly syngeneic models with an intact immune system. Two syngeneic spontaneously metastatic sublines, D2A1-m1 and D2A1-m2, were generated from the poorly metastasising BALB/c-derived D2A1 cell line by serial in vivo passaging. In vivo and in vitro analyses revealed distinct and shared characteristics of the metastatic D2A1-m1 and D2A1-m2 sublines. In particular, D2A1-m1 cells are more aggressive in experimental metastasis assays, while D2A1-m2 cells are more efficient at disseminating from the primary tumour in spontaneous metastasis assays. Surprisingly, classical metastasis-associated in vitro phenotypes, such as enhanced proliferation, migration and invasion, are reduced in the sublines compared to the parental cell line. Further, evasion of immune control cannot fully explain their enhanced metastatic properties. By contrast, both sublines show increased resistance to apoptosis when cultured in non-adherent conditions and, for the D2A1-m2 subline, increased 3D tumour spheroid growth. Moreover, the enhanced spontaneous metastatic phenotype of the D2A1-m2 subline is associated with an increased ability to recruit an activated tumour stroma. The metastatic D2A1-m1 and D2A1-m2 cell lines provide additional syngeneic models for investigating the different steps of the metastatic cascade and thereby represent valuable tools for breast cancer researchers. Finally, this study highlights that morphology and cell behaviour in 2D cell-based assays cannot be used as a reliable predictor of metastatic behaviour in vivo.
Biomechanical mechanisms underlying exosuit-induced improvements in walking economy after stroke
Authors: Bae Jaehyun , Awad Louis N. , Long Andrew , O'Donnell Kathleen , Hendron Katy , Holt Kenneth G. , Ellis Terry D. , Walsh Conor J.
Published: January 2018

Stroke-induced hemiparetic gait is characteristically asymmetric and metabolically expensive. Weakness and impaired control of the paretic ankle contribute to reduced forward propulsion and ground clearance—walking subtasks critical for safe and efficient locomotion. Targeted gait interventions that improve paretic ankle function after stroke are therefore warranted. We have developed textile-based, soft wearable robots that transmit mechanical power generated by off-board or body-worn actuators to the paretic ankle using Bowden cables (soft exosuits) and have demonstrated the exosuits can overcome deficits in paretic limb forward propulsion and ground clearance, ultimately reducing the metabolic cost of hemiparetic walking. This study elucidates the biomechanical mechanisms underlying exosuit-induced reductions in metabolic power. We evaluated the relationships between exosuit-induced changes in the body center of mass (COM) power generated by each limb, individual joint powers, and metabolic power. Compared to walking with an exosuit unpowered, exosuit assistance produced more symmetrical COM power generation during the critical period of the step-to-step transition (22.4±6.4% more symmetric). Changes in individual limb COM power were related to changes in paretic (R2= 0.83, P= 0.004) and nonparetic (R2= 0.73, P= 0.014) ankle power. Interestingly, despite the exosuit providing direct assistance to only the paretic limb, changes in metabolic power were related to changes in nonparetic limb COM power (R2= 0.80, P= 0.007), not paretic limb COM power (P> 0.05). These findings provide a fundamental understanding of how individuals poststroke interact with an exosuit to reduce the metabolic cost of hemiparetic walking.
An improved method for detecting torpor entrance and arousal in a mammalian hibernator using heart rate data
Authors: MacCannell Amanda D. V. , Jackson Ethan C. , Mathers Katherine E. , Staples James F.
Published: January 2018

We used ECG telemeters to measure the heart rate of hibernating Ictidomys tridecemlineatus. An increase in heart rate from 2.2 to 5 bpm accurately identified arousal from torpor before any change in body temperature was detected. Variability in raw heart rate data was significantly reduced by a forward-backward Butterworth low-pass filter, allowing for discrete differential analysis. A decrease in filtered heart rate to 70% of maximum values in interbout euthermia (from approximately 312 to 235 bpm) accurately detected entrance into torpor bouts. At this point body temperature had fallen from 36.1oC to only 34.7oC, much higher than the 30oC typically used to identify entrance. Using these heart rate criteria advanced detection of entrance and arousal by 51.9 and 76 minutes, respectively, compared with traditional body temperature criteria. This method will improve our ability to detect biochemical and molecular markers underlying these transition periods during which many physiological changes occur.
Average volume-assured pressure support
Authors: Aloud Abdurahim
Published: January 2018

Average volume-assured pressure support (AVAPS) is a relatively new mode of noninvasivepositive pressure ventilation (NiPPV); only a few studies have been done tocompare its effectiveness and safety to bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) in chronicrespiratory failure secondary to obesity hypoventilation syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and neuromuscular disorders with respiratory muscleweakness. Only six studies were found in PubMed, and these studies had many limitations,especially small sample sizes. This review provides detailed summaries of these studies.These devices require more investigation.
Implications of Market Spillovers
Authors: Fazli Amir , Shulman Jeffrey D.
Published: January 2018

In recent years, several firms have decided to withdraw from profitable markets, believing the move will be beneficial for their overall business. For instance, CVS dropped tobacco products from its shelves in 2014, while Aldi dropped confectionery from its checkout lines in 2016. Findings from consumers’ evaluation of such moves suggest there exists a negative market spillover from selling in a market, such that a firm’s participation in one market reduces consumers’ willingness to pay for the firm’s products in other markets. On the other hand, certain socially favorable markets, such as markets for environment-friendly products, have been shown to create a positive market spillover for their sellers, increasing consumers’ willingness to pay in other markets the sellers participate in. We build an analytical model of two competing firms to examine how firms react to a market spillover and find the conditions under which different firms would sell in the spillover-producing market. Our analysis of how firms’ profits are affected by market spillovers identifies the consumers’ reservation value in the spillover-producing market, the relative size of the two markets, and the extent of the market spillover as key factors determining which firms benefit from a market spillover. Interestingly, we find it is possible for both firms to make more profit with a negative market spillover compared to when there is no market spillover, while a positive market spillover can actually result in lower profits for both firms compared to no market spillover.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2893 .

This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Prevalence of asphyxia and readiness for neonatal resuscitation in Kenya
Authors: Gichogo Daniel Muturi , Murila Florence , Matiang'i Micah , Ndege Wycliff , Bosire Kefa
Published: January 2018

Background:

Birth asphyxia accounts for one-third of neonatal mortality worldwide.

Aims:

To determine the prevalence of birth asphyxia and associated risk factors at one Kenyan hospital; and to describe caregivers' readiness for and attitudes towards neonatal resuscitation of asphyxiated neonates.

Methods:

A total of 237 babies and 28 health workers were consecutively enrolled as part of a longitudinal cross-sectional study. Prevalence of asphyxia, and caregivers' practices and attitudes were measured through observation. Risk factors were identified through interviews with mothers and a review of their medical records.

Findings:

Birth asphyxia prevalence hospital was 5.1%. Independent predictors of birth asphyxia were: duration of labour (OR=3.86; 95% CI; P=0.041), meconium staining of amniotic fluid, and presence of oedema in pre-eclampsia.

Conclusions:

Having equipment alone is not enough if providers are not equipped to use it. Neonatal resuscitation skils are therefore vital to eliminating neonatal mortality.
Adherence to HIV care among HIV-positive pregnant women in Nigeria
Authors: Oginni Monisola Omoyeni , Aremu Olayinka Olaitan , Olowokere Adekemi Eunice , Ayamolowo Sunday Joseph , Komolafe Abiola Olubusola
Published: January 2018

Background:

HIV among pregnant women poses particular risks to their family, offspring and health workers at the time of delivery.

Aims:

To determine the level of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive pregnant women in an HIV/AIDS treatment centre in Ibadan, Nigeria and, to identify factors influencing adherence.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was employed among 66 HIV-positive pregnant women attending an HIV clinic at Adeoyo Maternity Health Centre, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Findings:

Results showed that 47% of the HIV-positive pregnant women adhered to their drug regimen, while 53% did not. Among the non-adherent women, forgetfulness (16.4%), unfavourable work schedule (15.2%) and side effects (12.1%) were the common factors reported for missing drugs.

Conclusions:

The study concluded that the level of adherence to antiretroviral medications among HIV-positive pregnant women was considerably low.
My very own story
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: January 2018

In the first of a three-part series on story scribing and drama in different areas of the setting, Jenni Clarke explains how to seize the moment and record children's narratives and ideas.
All in a day's work
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: January 2018

In the second part of her series on developing children's core strength, Claire Hewson focuses on the role-play area. Try her ideas to maximise opportunities for children to bend, stretch, duck and dive!
Role of MAdCAM-1-Expressing High Endothelial Venule-Like Vessels in Colitis Induced in Mice Lacking Sulfotransferases Catalyzing L-Selectin Ligand Biosynthesis
Authors: Low Shulin , Hirakawa Jotaro , Hoshino Hitomi , Uchimura Kenji , Kawashima Hiroto , Kobayashi Motohiro
Published: January 2018

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease histologically characterized by diffuse mononuclear cell infiltrates in colonic mucosa. These inflammatory cells are considered to be recruited via high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels displaying mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), the ligand for α4β7 integrin, and/or peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd), an L-selectin ligand. 6- O-sulfation of N-acetylglucosamine in the carbohydrate moiety of PNAd is catalyzed exclusively by N-acetylglucosamine-6- O-sulfotransferase 1 (GlcNAc6ST-1) and GlcNAc6ST-2. To determine the role of 6- O-sulfation of N-acetylglucosamine on HEV-like vessels in UC, we used a chronic dextran sulfate sodium–induced colitis model using mice deficient in both GlcNAc6ST-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2. We found that more inflammatory cells, with expression of tumor necrosis factor α, were infiltrated in double knockout mouse colitis compared with that in wild-type mice. Moreover, the number of MAdCAM-1-positive vessels was increased in double knockout mouse colitis, and these vessels were bound by E-selectin•IgM chimeras that bind to unsulfated sialyl Lewis X (sLeX). These findings suggest that interactions between MAdCAM-1 and α4β7 integrin and/or unsulfated sLeX and L-selectin may become a dominant mechanism for inflammatory cell recruitment in the absence of 6-sulfo sLeX and contribute to more severe colitis phenotypes seen in double knockout mice.
Prognostic Implications of Multiplex Detection of KRAS Mutations in Cell-Free DNA from Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kim Min Kyeong , Woo Sang Myung , Park Boram , Yoon Kyong-Ah , Kim Yun-Hee , Joo Jungnam , Lee Woo Jin , Han Sung-Sik , Park Sang-Jae , Kong Sun-Young
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is known to provide potential biomarkers for predicting clinical outcome, but its value in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical applicability of quantitative analysis of multiplex KRAS mutations in cell-free DNA from patients with PDAC.

METHODS

A total of 106 patients with PDAC were enrolled in this prospective study. The concentration and fraction of KRAS mutations were determined through multiplex detection of KRAS mutations in plasma samples by use of a droplet digital PCR kit (Bio-Rad).

RESULTS

KRAS mutations were detected in 96.1% of tissue samples. Eighty patients (80.5%) harbored KRAS mutations in cfDNA, with a median KRAS mutation concentration of 0.165 copies/μL and a median fractional abundance of 0.415%. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that the KRAS mutation concentration [hazard ratio (HR), 2.08; 95% CI, 1.20–3.63] and KRAS fraction (HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.02–2.95) were significant factors for progression-free survival. KRAS mutation concentration (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.05–3.67) also had prognostic implications for overall survival. Subgroup analyses showed that KRAS mutation concentration and fractional abundance significantly affected progression-free survival in resectable PDAC (P = 0.016). Moreover, when combined with the cancer biomarker CA19-9, the KRAS mutation concentration in cfDNA showed additive benefits for the prediction of overall survival.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that multiplex detection of KRAS mutations in plasma cfDNA is clinically relevant, providing a potential candidate biomarker for prognosis of PDAC.
Pendidikan Islam dan Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Hidayat Ara
Published: January 2018

This article discusses about relations of Islam with environmental education, fiqhul bi’ahand Islamic education based on environmentally. The shifting paradigm in elements oflife especially in education is believed to be a necessity to consider the development ofthe sophistication of environment and as a strategic-ideological effort to increase thecapacity of understanding which in turn could construct a new awareness to supportsbalancing of the ecosystem. Alternative models of education that we could develop is“madrasah adiwiyata”—madrasah of care and environment cultured—aims to increasethe capacities, knowledge, and understanding of management and protection ofenvironment in sustainable development through education. Madrasah adiwiyata isthe right and ideal, to realize responsibility for the protection and management of theenvironment. Madrasah / school is a place to obtains all the sciences and norms, aswell as ethical human beings who can be the basis for the creation of welfare towardssustainable development.
Islamic Education in the Perspective of Islam Nusantara
Authors: Sirait Sangkot
Published: January 2018

Indonesia has many islands, ethnic and cultures. Each culture has a different character, and it looks on the pattern of life measures to any area where they live. In the life of Indonesian society, all most social and religious activities can not be separated from the rituals and culture, in the ceremonies of birth, marriage and death. Religion and culture converge in life. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish whether it is religious rituals or cultural aspects. This is exactly the essence of Islam Nuantara. The number of variants in cultural influence on people’s lives, including educational institutions. Islamic education as an institution and the system should be involved in responding to this situation. Moreover, Islamic education it self is in a community that has a lot of culture. Islamic education should not be viewed Islam Nusantara as an emerging concept, developed or even disappear, but Islamic education makes the discourse can help in the formulation of educational system. Many things should be set within the context of Islam Nusantara, for example curriculum, reference, methodology, teacher qualifications and infrastructure. All elements refer to the appreciation of culture in religious education.
Tracing the History of the Arabic-Javanese Language Translation Books in Nusantara Islamic Education
Authors: Munip Abdul
Published: January 2018

The use of Arabic script (Pegon) in the Javanese books translated from Arabic has marked a certain phase in the historical dynamics of Islamic intellectualism in Nusantara and Java in particular. By these translation activities, kitab kuning (Arabic books) are no longer enjoyed solely by the elite kyai-santri, but they can also be read by Muslims outside the walls of pesantren. The various themes of the Javaness books translated from Arabic that reach across all disciplines in Islamic teachings resulted in the rapid growing of  Islamic discourse in society. Cherishing nature conveyed within the translation books generated peaceful life among Moslems. In terms of  educational contexts, these book have been used in pesantren, madrasah diniyah and majelis taklim as suplementary books. Over time, most of the translated books have now metamorphosed into Indonesian edition. However, there is still numerous Arabic-Javanese language translation books occupy modest bookstalls waiting for the loyal and unpretentious readers.
Islam Nusantara as Moderatand Tolerant Islam: a Literature Research
Authors: Qodir Zuly
Published: January 2018

Some questions are raised by foreign researchers and observers about Islam of Indonesia. After literature survey was done, it’s concluded that format of the Indonesian Islam is moderate and tolerate one. This is viewed in its characteristic doesn’t support the method of coercion, eviction, and destruction of the religious tradition existing before Islam came to Indonesia in developing it in archipelago, before it changes to Indonesia. The accommodative characteristic of the Islam developed by the clergy (religious figure) such as walisongo in Java Island, the religious figure (muballigh) from the Middle East in Indonesia and also the muballigh after walisongo coming from Muhammadiyah and NU. Islam never discredited another religion even though it’s different. So, the culture developed is the moderate and tolerate culture even though it aims to do renewal about which one is not suitable with Islam. The literature done in this writing has shown the characteristic of the Indonesian Islam which is known also with the term Islam of archipelago (Islam Nusantara).
INTERNALIZATION OF CHARACTER EDUCATION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM (Field Studies in Kampung Kahuripan / Tajur Pasanggrahan Village of Purwakarta Regency)
Authors: Aziz Helmi
Published: January 2018

The character of Indonesian nation as the friendly, cooperation, deliberation to agree, and modesty nation has been gone because the local wisdom values has been ignored. In this context, the field research is done to see how the society of customas minority groups whom keeping local wisdom values internalized. The society of customin Kampung Kahuripan/ Tajur Pasanggarahan Village of Purwakarta District is still internalizing and keeping the custom values such as keeping conservation, deliberation to agree, cooperation,politeness, and modesty. The process of internalization is through teaching, familiarizing, modeling, motivating and law enforcement so that the character is internalized to all of people in Kampung Kahuripan/ Tajur Pasanggarahan Village of Purwakarta Regency.
The Continuity and Change of Pesantren Tradition: Study Network Main Pesantren and Alumni Pesantren in Kabupaten OKU Timur, South Sumatra
Authors: Munir Munir
Published: January 2018

This study aims to determine the continuity and change of tradition Pesantren, Study about Network Main Pesantren and Alumni Pesantren in Kabupaten OKU Timur, Sumatera Selatan. This study is a Islamic Educational Sociology research, especially in history of intellectual and Islamic educational institutions in OKU Timur. The approach of continuity and change considers that social phenomena. The result shows that there are three main boarding schools in OKU Timur as a source of tradition pesantren, such as 1). Pesantren Sriwangi. 2). Pesantren Lebak Kajang Lubuk Harjo, Kecamatan Semendawai Suku III, and 3). Pesantren Sukaraja. The three boarding schools are source for the tradition pesantren for more than 20 boarding school alumni in OKU Timur. The source pesantren tradition in OKU Timur, basically based on the same sources of Pesantren tradition, such as the tradition of Javanese pesantren, especially pesantren in East Java.
The Learning Concept of Pondok Songserm Islam Wittaya, Takamcham Sub-district, Nong Chik Regency, Pattani, Southern Thailand
Authors: Putro Trias Setyo
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Pondok Pesantren is a kind of Islamic boarding schools that often to be heard in Indonesia and one of the uniqueness of Islamic education in the world. Nevertheless, the researcher found another fact when the researcher got a teaching practice abroad during six months. The researcher found the existence of pondok pesantren in Thailand. Generally, Thailand is Buddhist majority except several provinces in Southern Thailand, which border to Malaysia. They are Narathiwat, Pattani, Yala, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, and a part of Songkhla. Those provinces are majority Muslims. Considering from the fact above, it could not be ignored the educational concept that offered to the young generation at those areas largely have a basic of Islam. The main question will appear to know more about the Islamic education system, especially about the Pondok Pesantren in overseas. In this case, the object of the research is determined in Pondok Songserm Islam Wittaya, Takamcham Sub-district, Nong Chik Regency, Pattani province, Southern Thailand.

Keywords: Pondok, Pesantren, Learning Concept, Southern Thailand

Abstrak

Pondok Pesantren adalah jenis lembaga pendidikan Islam yang sering kita dengar di Indonesia dan menjadi salah satu keunikan tersendiri dalam dunia pendidikan Islam. Namun, peneliti menemukan fakta lain ketika mendapat kesempatan untuk praktek mengajar di luar negeri selama enam bulan. Peneliti menemukan keberadaan pondok pesantren di Thailand. Padanya umumnya, Thailand adalah negara dengan mayoritas berpenduduk agama Budha, kecuali beberapa provinsi di bagian selatan Thailand yang berdekatan dengan Malaysia. Diantaranya ialah provinsi Narathiwat, Pattani, Yala, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, dan sebagin daerah Songkhla. Provinsi tersebut dihuni oleh penduduk mayoritas Muslim. Ditinjau dari keadaan penduduk yang demikian, maka tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa pendidikan yang ditawarkan bagi generasi muda di wilayah-wilayah tersebut kebanyakan berbasis Islam. Pertanyaan utama akan muncul untuk mengetahui lebih jauh mengenai sistem pendidikan Islam, utamanya mengenai pondok pesantren di luar negeri. Dalam kasus ini, obyek penelitian telah ditentukan di Pondok Songserm Islam Wittaya, kecamatan Takamcham, kabupaten Nong Chik, provinsi Pattani, Thailand Selatan.

Kata kunci: Pondok, Pesantren, Konsep Belajar, Thailand Selatan
Transformation of the Education of Moderate Muslim Society: A Thought Study of Nahdlatul Ulama
Authors: Hasbiyallah Hasbiyallah , Sulhan Moh. , Khoiruddin Heri
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Indonesia is a country which not only consists of various tribes, ethnicity and religions, but also established on multi-cultural element. The plurality, on one hand, is a social strength and a wonderful aspect of diversity if each of those aspects makes synergy and works together to build the nation. On the other hand, the plurality, if it is not managed and nurtured properly, will trigger and ignite a conflict and violence that could destabilize the joints of the state and nation. In this case, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has a strategic role in building a moderate Indonesian Muslim community because NU offers a model of integration, namely the integration of Islam into nationalism. It is the integration of Islamic visions of life into the main objectives of the establishment of nation-states. The idea departs from the principle of al-Ghayah wa al-Wasail (the objectives and the methods) that NU puts the state as an instrument for achieving the goal of Islam. Thus, since the aim of Islam is Rahmatan lil ‘Alamin (welfare of the universe), the state that leads to the goal can be accepted, though not in the form of Islamic state. NU’s concept in the transformation of education among moderate Muslim society accentuates on the principle of tasamuh (tolerance), tawazun (balance), and i’tidal (just). These three concepts will form the Indonesian Islamic community that is tolerant, peaceful and Rahmatan lil ‘Alamin for the life of the nation.

Keywords: Transformation, Moderate Muslim Society, Nahdlatul Ulama

Abstrak

Indonesia merupakan negara yang tidak saja multi suku, etnik dan agama, tetapi juga multi budaya. Kemajemukan tersebut pada satu sisi merupakan kekuatan sosial dan keragaman yang indah apabila satu sama lain bersinergi dan saling bekerja sama untuk membangun bangsa. Namun, pada sisi lain, kemajemukan tersebut apabila tidak dikelola dan dibina dengan tepat akan menjadi pemicu dan penyulut konflik dan kekerasan yang dapat menggoyahkan sendi-sendi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Nahdlatul Ulama berperan strategis dalam membangun masyarakat Islam Indonesia moderat. Sebab NU telah menawarkan model integrasi, yakni integrasi Islam ke dalam nasionalisme. Integrasi visi Islam tentang kehidupan ke dalam tujuan utama pendirian negara-bangsa. Hal ini berangkat dari kaidah al-ghayah wa al-wasail (tujuan dan metode) bahwa NU menempatkan negara sebagai alat bagi pencapaian tujuan Islam. Maka, karena tujuan Islam adalah rahmatan lil ‘alamin (kesejahteraan bagi semesta), negara yang mengarah ke tujuan tersebut bisa diterima, meskipun tidak berbentuk Islam. Konsep NU dalam transformasi pendidikan masyarakat Islam moderat dengan menekankan pada prinsip tasamuh, tawazun dan i’tidal. Tiga konsep ini yang akan membentuk masyarakat Islam Indonesia yang toleran, damai dan rahmatan lil’alamin bagi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara.

 

Kata Kunci: Transformasi, Masyarakat Muslim Moderat, Nahdlatul Ulama
Prophetic Leadership in Pesantren Education: Study at Pondok Pesantren Universitas Islam Indonesia
Authors: Hamid Noor , Juliansyahzen Muhammad Iqbal
Published: January 2018

This paper discusses prophetic leadership in Islamic educational institutions of Pondok Pesantren Islamic University of Indonesia (PP UII). Prophetic leadership is a strategic offer in the discourse of Islamic leadership. There are three basic principles of prophetic leadership: humanization, liberation, and transcendence. These three principles are internalized in the leadership patterns applied by the leaders in Pondok Pesantren Islamic University of Indonesia (PP UII). Leadership in PP UII is different from pesantren in general. If the pesantren generally put forward the leadership of charismatic, while the leadership in PP UII put forward the style of legal leadership. The legal authorities make it more necessary to work together systemically in realizing the vision and mission of the establishment of pesantren. Leadership in pesantren with a periodization system allows for a different concept of understanding of the vision and mission of pesantren between one leader and his successor. Thus, the system and the blueprint of leadership must be clear and mature so that whoever leads the establishment of pesantren remains well done
Visionary Leadership of the Principal of Senior High School (SMAN) 1 Pabuaran and Senior High School (SMAN) 1 Kalijati Subang West Java
Authors: Badrudin Badrudin , Jakariya Guntur
Published: January 2018

The visionary principal takes part in determining the quality of educational institution. The problem is that not all principals are able to apply the optimal visionary leadership. This study examines the strategy and characteristics of the visionary principal of SMAN 1 Pabuaran and SMAN 1 Kalijati. This is a qualitative study with the method of collecting the data is through observation, interview, and documentation study. The results of the study conclude that (1) the visionary strategy of the principal of SMAN 1 Pabuaran and SMAN 1 Kalijati is by formulating, transforming, and implementing the vision and missions so that they become a commitment of all stakeholders and emerging the sense of belonging and sense of ownership attitudes. (2) The characteristics of visionary leadership of the principal of SMAN 1 Pabuaran and SMAN 1 Kalijati can be seen in their foresights, their ability to transform the vision into action, encourage their subordinates to work hard, motivate, and build a good relationship with the employees so that the concept of the vision is clearly accepted by the subordinate. The principal of SMAN 1 Pabuaran has a strong vision which affects the commitment of the subordinates to implement the vision, while the principal of SMAN 1 Kalijati could stimulate self leadership of the teachers so they are able to design work performance by using their own authority in making decisions.