bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peranan Hormon Ghrelin dalam Fungsi Reproduksi
Authors: Pakpahan Cennikon , - Agustinus
Published: July 2022

Ghrelin lebih dikenal sebagai hormon lapar atau hormon yang mengatur siklus kenyang-lapar mahkluk hidup. Fungsi reproduksi ghrelin mencakup aksi hipotalamus-hipofisis-gonad (ovarium dan testis) dan juga hormon reproduksi lain. Selain itu ghrelin juga diketahui memiliki pengaruh pada proses patologis beberapa penyakit pada kehamilan dan infertilitas.

Ghrelin is better known as a hunger hormone or a hormone that regulates the cycle of satiety- hunger. The reproductive function of ghrelin includes action to the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (ovary and testis) axis and other hormones. Ghrelin is also known to influence the processes of several diseases in pregnancy and infertility.
Prosedur Dermabrasi di Bidang Dermatologi
Authors: Rahayu Tutik , W Eka Putra , D Marsita Endy , Diana Rina , Mochtar Moerbono
Published: July 2022

Dermabrasi adalah prosedur pembedahan untuk menghilangkan / mengabrasi lapisan kulit atas, yaitu epidermis dan dermis atas agar bagian yang cacat terbuang dengan harapan terjadi regenerasi kulit baru yang lebih bagus. Dermabrasi terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu dermabrasi manual (kertas pasir) dan konvensional (wire brush/diamond fraise).Hasil tindakan dermabrasi tergantung jenis kulit, kedalaman abrasi, homogenisitas tindakan, lokasi anatomis dan paparan sinar matahari. Penyembuhan luka paling baik pada daerah kulit paling tebal yang memiliki jumlah struktur adneksa lebih banyak.

Dermabrasion is a surgical procedure to remove / abrades the upper layers of the skin, the epidermis and upper dermis for a better regeneration of new skin. Dermabrasion consists of manual dermabrasion (sand paper) and conventional (wire brush / diamond fraise). The outcome of dermabrasion depends upon type of the skin, abrasion depth, homogenecity, the anatomical site and exposure to the sun. Wound healing is best in the thickest skin areas that have more adnexal structure.

 
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Artritis Tuberkulosis
Authors: Lawrensia Sherly
Published: July 2022

Artritis tuberkulosis (TB) adalah infeksi sendi oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sering mengenai satu sendi terutama pinggul atau lutut; merupakan penyakit tuberkulosis muskuloskeletal kedua tersering setelah spondilitis tuberkulosis. Diagnosis sering tertunda karena sering tidak disertai gejala konstitusional, tidak ada keterlibatan paru, onset tidak disadari, dan temuan radiografi awal tidak khas. Obat anti tuberkulosis masih menjadi terapi pilihan utama.

Tuberculous arthritis is an infection of joint caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It often affects one joint, especially large weight-bearing joint (hip or knee). It is the second most common musculoskeletal tuberculosis disease after tuberculous spondylitis. Diagnosis is often delayed due to lack of constitutional symptoms or pulmonary involvement, lack of awareness, insidious onset, lack of characteristic early radiographic findings. The main treatment is appropriate antituberculosis drug therapy.
Tinjauan atas Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
Authors: Kurnia Bella
Published: July 2022

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) adalah infeksi enterovirus yang sering terjadi pada anak-anak di bawah 10 tahun. HFMD ditandai dengan lesi pada mulut, tangan dan kaki. HFMD pernah menjadi KLB dalam 1 dekade terakhir. HFMD sangat infeksius, biasanya ringan dan self limiting, akan tetapi dapat menimbulkan komplikasi berat.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is an enterovirus infection commonly found in children under 10 year-old. HFMD characterized by lesion in the mouth, hand, and foot. HFMD outbreaks occur in the last decade. HFMD is very infectious but mild and self-limiting; however, there were several severe complications of HFMD.
Trakeostomi Dilatasional Perkutan (TDP) : Strategi, Indikasi pada Era JKN di Rumah Sakit tipe B
Authors: Suastika I Gede Juli , Agus Juliana Nyoman
Published: July 2022

Trakeostomi Dilatasional Perkutan (TDP) merupakan prosedur invasif tatalaksana jalan nafas pasien kritis di ICU. Dengan persiapan yang baik, cukup mudah dikerjakan dan memberikan banyak manfaat di era JKN.

Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy (PDT) is an invasive procedure of the airway management for critically ill patients in the ICU. With good preparation, the procedure is quite easy and provides many benefits in JKN era.
Pendekatan Diagnostik Nyeri Leher
Authors: Then Zuwanda , Biakto Karya Triko
Published: July 2022

Sekitar 10 persen manusia mengeluh nyeri leher dalam setiap bulan. Penyebab nyeri leher sangat bervariasi, mulai dari yang ringan hingga serius. Pendekatan diagnostik nyeri leher dimulai dari penentuan potensi patologi yang berbahaya (red flags), faktor psikososial (yellow flags), jenis nyeri dan durasi nyeri melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisis, pemeriksaan radiologis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Evaluasi dan penilaian secara teliti dan komprehensif menghasilkan diagnosis yang tepat sehingga menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas.

Approximately 10 percent of people suffers and complains neck pain during a month period. Etiologies of neck pain range from the mildest to the most serious. Diagnostic approach for neck pain starts with identifying potential dangerous pathology (red flags), psychosocial factors (yellow flags), type and duration of neck pain, followed by detailed history taking, physical examination, radiological examination, and laboratory work-up. A comprehensive evaluation and assessment will result in a right diagnosis to decrease morbidity and mortality.
Pustulosis Eksantematosa Generalisata Akut (PEGA) Postpartum Diduga Dicetuskan oleh Ampisilin
Authors: Antonius Cayadi Sidarta
Published: July 2022

Salah satu reaksi erupsi obat alergi adalah Pustulosis Eksantematosa Generalisata Akut (PEGA). Dilaporkan kasus PEGA post partum dengan plak eritematosa disertai pustul di hampir seluruh tubuh terutama di daerah lipatan. Kelainan ini muncul beberapa hari setelah melahirkan dan menggunakan ampisilin. Kasus ini memerlukan konsultasi dan observasi teratur.

The clinical manifestation of allergic drug eruption may be in the form of Acute Generalized Eczematous Pustulosis (AGEP). This paper reported AGEP case in postpartum patient with erythematous plaque with pustules in almost the whole body, especially in the folds. This eruption comes a few days after delivery and ampicillin use. The patient requires regular consultation and observation.
Diquafosol Tetrasodium: Tatalaksana Terkini untuk Dry Eye Disease (DED) ?
Authors: Iskandar Ferdy
Published: July 2022

Keratokonjungtivitis sicca (dry eye disease/DED) adalah penyakit multifaktorial permukaan okular yang ditandai dengan hilangnya homeostasis film air mata disertai gejala okular. Diagnosis dan tatalaksana DED terbatas serta tidak memuaskan. Diquafosol tetrasodium “diquafosol” merupakan agonis reseptor P2Y2 yang dapat digunakan untuk mengobati DED dengan cara merehidrasi permukaan okular.

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye disease/DED) is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis accompanied by ocular symptoms. Diagnosis and treatment of DED is limited, and the result is not promising. Diquafosol tetrasodium “diquafosol” is a P2Y2 receptor agonist that can be used for DED treatment by rehydrating the ocular surface.
Herpes Zoster di Kelompok Pediatrik
Authors: San Putra W. Mikhael
Published: July 2022

Herpes zoster (HZ) adalah reaktivasi virus varicella-zoster virus (VZV) yang menetap dalam bentuk infeksi laten di dalam dorsal root ganglion. Faktor risiko HZ anak adalah infeksi primer VZV intrauterin serta varisela akut pada satu tahun pertama kehidupan. Pada anak imunokompeten, penurunan imunitas seluler spesifik berperan penting dalam reaktivasi VZV. Gejala prodromal biasanya tidak terlihat pada anak-anak. Lesi vesikel berkelompok terdistribusi secara dermatomal. Diagnosis secara klinis, bila perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan Tzanck smear, tes serologis, kultur, dan lain-lain. Terapi simptomatik dan asiklovir. Komplikasi dapat berupa superinfeksi bakteri; pada anak jarang terjadi neuralgia pasca-herpes.

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which settles as latent infection in the dorsal ganglion root. Risk factors in children are primary intrauterine VZV infection and acute varicella in the children’s first year of life. In immunocompetent children, a decrease in specific cellular immunity plays an important role in VZV reactivation. Prodromal symptoms are usually absent in children. Lesions are dermatomally distributed grouped vesicles. Diagnosis is clinical; Tzanck smear, serologic test, culture, and other tests can be planned. Treatment includes symptomatic measures and acyclovir. Complications can be bacterial superinfection; post herpetic neuralgia rarely occurs in children.
Bakteri Gram positif Listeria monocytogenes sebagai penyebab Food-borne Disease
Authors: Tjampakasari Conny Riana
Published: July 2022

Bakteri Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) merupakan salah satu patogen food-borne penyebab listeriosis dengan prevalensi rendah namun dengan fatality tinggi sebagai pencemar makanan. Listeriosis merupakan penyakit infeksius yang menyebabkan aborsi, meningitis, dan septikemia; cenderung lebih fatal pada kelompok populasi ibu hamil, bayi, lansia, serta penderita immunodefisiensi. Meskipun kasus infeksi bakteri ini jarang, namun klinis termasuk parah dengan angka kematian tinggi. Deteksi laboratorium untuk diagnosis dapat dengan metode analytic konvensional dan metode cepat. Upaya pengendalian infeksi bakteri ini dengan pencegahan dan pengobatan infeksi.

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) bacteria is a food-borne pathogen with a low prevalence rate but with a high fatality rate as a food contaminant. Listeriosis is an infectious disease that causes abortion, meningitis and septicemis; tends to be more fatal in population of pregnant women, infants, the elderlies and immunodeficiency sufferers. Although cases are rare, the clinical conditions are categorized as severe with a high mortality rate. Laboratory diagnosis can be done with conventional analytic and rapid methods. Infections can be controlled with prevention and treatment.
Terapi Probiotik (Lactococcus lactis) Topikal untuk Akne Vulgaris: Kasus Serial
Authors: Anggraeni Reti , Rosita Fiska , Kusumawardani Arie
Published: July 2022

Latar Belakang: Akne vulgaris (AV) adalah penyakit inflamasi kulit kronik yang mengenai unit pilosebasea, mengakibatkan kelainan non-inflamasi berupa komedo dan tanda inflamasi. Mikroba kulit seperti Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) dan Malassezia spp. berperan dalam patogenesis AV. Laporan kasus ini mengenai efek terapi probiotik topikal terhadap perbaikan lesi AV. Kasus: Tiga pasien AV diberi terapi tabir surya (SPF 30) dan probiotik topikal selama 4 minggu tanpa terapi standar AV. Pemeriksaan swab dilakukan pada semua pasien untuk melihat jenis dan jumlah mikrobiom. Hasilnya tidak ditemukan kolonisasi P. acnes tetapi terjadi penurunan jumlah dan derajat keparahan lesi pada semua pasien. Terapi yang sama dilanjutkan selama 4 minggu pada satu pasien. Kolonisasi P. acnes hanya ditemukan pada awal terapi. Evaluasi klinis yaitu penurunan jumlah lesi AV dan kulit wajah menjadi lebih halus dan lembap. Ringkasan: Probiotik topikal memberikan hasil baik pada kasus AV.

Introduction: Acne vulgaris (AV) is chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting pilosebaceous unit, resulting in non-inflammatory disorders in the form of comedones and signs of inflammation. Skin microbes such as Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and Malassezia spp. play role in the AV pathogenesis. This paper reports the effects of topical probiotic on AV lesions improvement. Case: Three AV patients were given sunscreen (SPF 30) and topical probiotics for 4 weeks without standard AV therapy. Swab examination showed no P. acnes colonization but the amount and severity of lesions in all patients were decreased. One patient then continued the same therapy for 4 weeks; P. acnes colonization was only found at the beginning of therapy. Clinical evaluation resulted in decreasing lesions and smoother and moisturized facial skin. Summary: Topical probiotic gives good results in AV.
Peran Vitamin D dalam Kesehatan Kulit
Authors: Saputra Dedyanto Henky
Published: July 2022

Peran vitamin D dalam dunia kesehatan makin dipahami dan dieksplorasi manfaatnya, terutama sejak ditemukannya reseptor vitamin D pada berbagai sel dan sistem tubuh. Senyawa vitamin D melindungi kulit terhadap efek destruktif berbagai agen pemicu penuaan kulit, termasuk radiasi ultraviolet. Vitamin D juga merangsang pembentukan berbagai komponen antioksidan yang memiliki efek proteksi kulit terhadap proses aging. Vitamin D juga merupakan promotor diferensiasi folikel rambut. Terapi analog vitamin D dikaitkan dengan pembentukan folikel rambut dan meningkatkan ekspresi spesifik berbagai gen yang terlibat dalam pertumbuhan rambut.

The role of vitamin D in health is increasingly understood and explored in various studies, especially since the discovery of vitamin D receptors in various cells and body systems. Vitamin D compounds protect the skin against destructive effects of various skin-aging triggering agents, including ultraviolet radiation. Vitamin D also stimulates the formation of various antioxidant components with protective effect against skin aging process. Vitamin D is also a promoter of hair follicle differentiation. Therapy with vitamin D analogues is associated with the formation of hair follicles and increases the specific expression of various genes involved in hair growth.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Pranena Sastri Ni Luh Putu
Published: July 2022

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) merupakan kondisi inflamasi kronik pada anak, terjadi pada usia < 16 tahun pada setidaknya 1 sendi selama kurang lebih 6 bulan tanpa penyebab lain. Insiden JIA 1-22 per 100.000 dan prevalensi 7-150 per 100.000. Diagnosis JIA cukup sulit karena tidak ada pemeriksaan penunjang spesifik. Berdasarkan The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR), ada 7 jenis JIA. Tatalaksana JIA menggunakan 2011 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Recommendations, dengan rekomendasi tahun 2019 untuk klasifikasi non-systemic polyarthritis, sacroilitis dan enthesitis.

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory condition in children, specific at <16 years of age in at least 1 joint for approximately 6 months without any other cause of joint inflammation. The incidence is 1-22 per 100,000 and prevalence is 7-150 per 100,000. Diagnosis is quite difficult because of no specific investigation and the clinical manifestations and symptoms are similar to various other diseases. Based on The International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR), JIA is categorized into 7 types. Management use the 2011 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Recommendations, with new 2019 recommendation for non-systemic polyarthritis, sacroilitis and enthesitis.
Tinjauan atas Kanker Rongga Mulut
Authors: Permasutha Made Bayu
Published: July 2022

Kanker rongga mulut merupakan keganasan daerah mulut dan rongga mulut. Beberapa faktor risiko kanker rongga mulut yang sering ditemukan di Indonesia meliputi merokok, menyirih, penggunaan tembakau, dan minuman beralkohol. Tumor rongga mulut dibagi menjadi tumor jinak, lesi prakanker, dan kanker rongga mulut. Modalitas terapi kanker rongga mulut dan orofaring berupa pembedahan, terapi radiasi, kemoterapi, targeted therapy, dan paliatif.

Oral cancer is a malignancy in the mouth and oral cavity. Some risk factors often found in Indonesia are smoking, betel chewing , tobacco use, and alcohol. Oral tumours are divided into benign tumors, precancerous lesions, and oral cancer. Therapeutic modalities for oral and oropharynx cancer consist of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and palliative.

 
Epidemiologi dan Karakteristik Pasien Luka Bakar di RSUD Cibabat dalam Periode 5 Tahun (2015 – 2020): Studi Retrospektif
Authors: Haryono Winsen , Wibianto Anastasia , Noer Hidayat Taufiq Sakti
Published: July 2022

Latar belakang: Luka bakar merupakan kasus kompleks dan memerlukan tatalaksana komprehensif. Di Indonesia, data epidemiologi kasus luka bakar jarang dilaporkan. Metodologi: Studi retrospektif non-random consecutive sampling data rekam medis RSUD Cibabat dalam periode 5 tahun (Maret 2015 - Juni 2020). Uji statistik menggunakan Pearson Chi-Square. Hasil: Jumlah pasien luka bakar 524 orang, terbanyak dewasa (>18 tahun) dengan etiologi terbanyak adalah api (180 = 34,4%). Pada anak-anak (≤18 tahun) lebih sering disebabkan air panas (143 = 27,3%). Simpulan: Pasien luka bakar lebih banyak pada dewasa. Api sebagai etiologi tersering pada dewasa, sedangkan pada anak-anak terutama oleh air panas.

Background: Burn injury is a complex case and requires comprehensive management. In Indonesia, epidemiological data on burn injury cases are still rarely reported. Method: Retrospective non-random consecutive sampling study on medical records data from Cibabat Regional Hospital in a period of 5 years (March 2015 - June 2020). Data was analyzed with Pearson Chi-Square. Results: A total of burn injury patients were 524 patients; mostly adult (>18 years), mostly caused by open flame (180 = 34,4%). Among children (≤18 years) the cause was mostly scald (143 = 27,3%). Conclusion: Most burn injury patients were adults. Open flame was the major etiology in adults, while scald was the main etiology in children.
Profil Penggunaan Kortikosteroid Sistemik untuk Terapi Sindrom Stevens Johnson (SSJ) – Nekrolisis Eepidemal Toksik (NET) di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD DR. Moewardi Surakarta, Indonesia - Januari 2016 -Desember 2017
Authors: Tri Irfanti Rakhma , Imelda Betaubun Ance , Fiqri Ahmad , Anggraeni Reti , Rinandari Ummi , Kariosentono Harijono
Published: July 2022

Latar belakang: Nekrolisis epidermal disebut Sindrom Stevens Johnson (SSJ) apabila yang terlibat kurang dari 10% dari area tubuh, 10% sampai 29% disebut SSJ overlap NET dan lebih dari 30% NET. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui gambaran umum pasien SSJ-NET serta penggunaan kortikosteroid sistemik di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2017. Metode : Studi deskriptif retrospektif dengan populasi dan sampel penelitian pasien rawat inap di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta, periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2017. Sampel menggunakan data sekunder dari status rekam medis di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Hasil: Total pasien 26 orang terutama berusia 46 – 55 tahun dan 56 – 65 tahun (23%). Laki-laki lebih banyak (57%). Diagnosis SSJ (61%) terbanyak dibandingkan SSJ overlap NET (19%) ataupun NET (19%). Hipertensi sebagai penyakit penyerta terbanyak (15%). Keterlibatan mukosa terbanyak pada mulut (88 %) dan penyebab terbanyak SSJ-NET melibatkan lebih dari satu macam obat (53%). Obat penyebab yang dicurigai terutama adalah antibiotik golongan sefalosporin dan parasetamol (23%). Rerata lama terapi deksametason adalah 10 hari dengan dosis rata-rata 25 mg per hari. Simpulan: Pengobatan kortikosteroid sistemik pada kasus SSJ – NET di RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada umumnya menghasilkan perbaikan klinis dengan rata-rata perawatan 10 hari dan dosis rata-rata deksametason 25 mg per hari.

Background: Epidermal Necrolysis is classified into several degree of severity based on the area of the body involved, below 10% is SJS, 10% - 29% is SJS overlap TEN and 30% is TEN. Objective: To provide general description of SJS-TEN patients and systemic corticosteroids therapy in Dr.Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta January 2016 - December 2017. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study on in-patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta between January 2016 and December 2017. Results: Total sample was 26 patients, mostly male (57%) in 46 - 55 year-old and 56 - 65 year-old (23%). The most common diagnosis was SJS (61%) followed by SJS overlap TEN (19%) and TEN (19%). Hypertension was the most frequent comorbid disease (15%). Mostly affected was mouth mucosa (88%) and caused by mostly more than one drug (53%). Suspected causative drugs were mostly cephalosporin and paracetamol (23%). The average duration of dexamethason therapy was 10 days with an average dose 25 mg per day. Conclusion: SSJ - NET cases in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta were mostly treated with systemic corticosteroids for an average of 10 days and an average dose of dexamethason 25 mg per day.
Manifestasi Klinis dan Diagnosis COVID-19 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome pada Anak
Authors: Perliyani Hernita
Published: July 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Di penghujung tahun 2020 telah ada 79 juta kasus terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di dunia. Kasus anak dengan COVID-19 sedikit dilaporkan, gambaran klinisnya umumnya lebih ringan dibandingkan dewasa. Namun, beberapa laporan dari Eropa dan Amerika Utara menggambarkan kelompok anak-anak dan remaja masuk ke ruang perawatan intensif dengan kondisi sindrom inflamasi multisistem atau COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome (CMIS) yang mirip Penyakit Kawasaki dan sindrom syok toksik.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. At the end of 2020 there have been 79 million confirmed COVID-19 cases in the world. Few COVID-19 cases in children were reported, generally withmilder manifestation than in adults. However, recently there have been several reports from Europe and North America describing groups of children and adolescents admitted to the intensive care with COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome (CMIS) with similar symptoms as Kawasaki disease and toxic shock syndrome.
Tatalaksana Kista dan Abses Bartholin
Authors: Ryu Yudianto Valentino , Theola Jason , Akbar Suryoadji Kemal
Published: July 2022

Kista Bartholin merupakan pembesaran duktus kelenjar Bartholin akibat penyumbatan duktus kelenjar Bartholin. Abses Bartholin dapat terjadi pada kista Bartholin yang terinfeksi. Sekitar 2% wanita usia reproduktif mengalami kista/abses Bartholin. Hingga saat ini, masih belum terdapat konsensus manajemen kista dan abses Bartholin yang resmi. Tinjauan pustaka ini membahas berbagai pilihan tata laksana kista dan abses Bartholin secara komprehensif.

Bartholin cyst is a cystic enlargement of Bartholin gland duct caused by an obstruction. Bartholin abscess may be caused by infection in Bartholin cyst or direct infection to the gland. About 2% of women in reproductive age have Bartholin cyst or abscess. There is no official consensus on the management of Bartholin cyst or abscess. This review discuss the options in comprehensive treatment of Bartholin cyst and abscess.
Lian Hua Qing Wen : perannya pada terapi COVID-19
Authors: Vidor Marco , Lawrensia Sherly
Published: July 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 belum berakhir. Berbagai studi mengenai terapi COVID-19 masih terus berjalan. Peran Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) sebagai salah satu adjuvan terapi COVID-19 masih kontroversial. Lian Hua Qing Wen sebagai salah satu jenis TCM, berpotensi menjadi salah satu adjuvan pada terapi COVID-19.

COVID-19 pandemic is still ravaging. Studies are being conducted to determine the best therapeutic option for COVID-19. The role of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 is still controversial. As one of the TCM, Lian Hua Qing Wen may have a role as an adjuvant to COVID-19 treatment.
Peran Stres Oksidatif dan Antioksidan pada Dermatitis Atopik
Authors: Putra Pramana Ketut Angga Aditya , Putra Dhanu Pribadi , Hidajat Dedianto
Published: July 2022

Dermatitis atopik (DA) adalah kelainan kulit dengan gejala pruritus kronis. Etiopatogenesis penyakit ini kompleks dan multifactorial dengan gabungan aspek genetik, imunologi, dan lingkungan. Stres oksidatif sistemik maupun lokal diduga berperan penting dalam patogenesis DA. Pemberian antioksidan sistemik berupa vitamin A, C, D, D3, E, astaxanthin dan antioksidan topikal berupa vitamin B12, E, dan superoxide dismutase (SOD) dapat  memperbaiki kondisi DA dengan bermakna.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin disorder with chronic pruritic symptoms. Its etiopathogenesis is complex and multifactorial, with a combination of genetic, immunological and environmental aspects. Both systemic and local oxidative stress are thought to have an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Systemic antioxidants in the form of vitamins A, C, D, D3, E, astaxanthin and topical antioxidants in the form of vitamins B12, E, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) give significant recovery of AD.
Peran Nutrigenomik pada Tata Laksana Obesitas
Authors: Dianky Amanda
Published: July 2022

Tata laksana overweight dan obesitas terbukti efektif bila secara holistik, meliputi pengaturan pola makan, pola olah raga, pola tidur, dan manajemen stress, hingga terapi medikamentosa. Nutrigenomik adalah salah satu cabang ilmu yang mempelajari respons tubuh secara genetik terhadap nutrisi. Pendekatan ini memberikan pandangan yang lebih personal terhadap tata laksana obesitas karena mengedepankan pemeriksaan  variasi genetik berupa single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) pada susunan gen manusia. SNPs sebagai bentuk variasi genetik yang paling sering muncul pada manusia ternyata sangat signifikan berkontribusi pada perbedaan ekspresi genetik tiap individu, termasuk ekspresi gen risiko obesitas serta respons paling efektif terhadap upaya penurunan overweight dan obesitas. Artikel ini membahas beberapa gen dan SNPs-nya yang terbukti memiliki penetrasi tinggi terhadap risiko obesitas pada manusia.

 

Management of overweight and obesity has been proven to be effective when managed holistically to include diet, exercise, sleep patterns, stress management and medical therapy. Nutrigenomic explores body's genetic response to nutrients. This approach provides a more personal view to the management of obesity, in accordance with genetic variations in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human genes’ structure. SNPs as a form of human genetic variation are very significant in contributing to a different genetic expression in each individual, including genetic expression of obesity risk. SNPs also provide different approach to weight reduction program for each individual. This article will discuss genes and their SNPs that have been shown to have a high penetration to the risk of obesity in human. 
Coordenadas de la asistencia militar norteamericana al franquismo en los años cincuenta: entre el deseo y la realidad
Authors: Delgado Gómez-Escalonilla Lorenzo
Published: July 2022

El rearme y adiestramiento de sus aliados se convirtió en una constante de la política exterior de Estados Unidos en el transcurso de la Guerra Fría, una dinámica a la que también se sumaron las Fuerzas Armadas Españolas (en adelante FAS). La firma de los Pactos de 1953 se interpretó por parte española como el impulso exterior que haría posible la aplazada modernización militar. Tal aspiración se vio lastrada por el papel subordinado asignado por Estados Unidos a las FAS, el deficiente conocimiento de las modalidades de la ayuda norteamericana y una improvisación que ralentizó la absorción del armamento, material y conocimientos técnicos recibidos. La aportación norteamericana promovió la renovación parcial del equipamiento y la mejora en la formación de las FAS, pero no en las dimensiones ni con el ritmo deseados por las autoridades españolas.
Francia, las Fuerzas Armadas españolas y el suministro de aviones Mirage
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Esther M.
Published: July 2022

Los Pactos de 1953 convirtieron a Estados Unidos en el gran socio militar de España, pero también alentaron el interés del Gobierno y las empresas francesas por participar en el proceso de modernización de las Fuerzas Armadas españolas. Así, desde los años cincuenta, franceses y españoles iniciaron una dinámica de intercambios que llevó a la conclusión de varios acuerdos de cooperación militar y venta de armas, sobre todo a partir de 1970. Para competir con Estados Unidos y otras potencias europeas (fundamentalmente Alemania Occidental), Francia fomentó la cofabricación del armamento, otorgando a la parte española un protagonismo creciente en los procesos de producción, y además permitió, y hasta promovió, la exportación a Francia y a terceros países. Este texto examina esa contribución de Francia al proceso de modernización militar emprendido en España en la segunda mitad del siglo xx. Tras un balance de los principales acuerdos y logros bilaterales, se centra en el estudio de uno de los capítulos más destacados en los que se materializó la asistencia francesa: el suministro de aviones Mirage y el adiestramiento de pilotos y técnicos para su manejo y mantenimiento.
Moral sexual y prostitución en el anarquismo español de los años treinta
Authors: Lora Medina Alejandro
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el discurso anarquista de crítica a la moral sexual tradicional como vía para proyectar una nueva visión de una ética que pretende ser rupturista y novedosa. Matrimonio y prostitución son examinados como elementos inseparables del orden burgués, a la vez que son criticados por perpetuar una concepción de la sexualidad desde parámetros religiosos represivos de lo sexual. El posicionamiento libertario en torno a la prostitución se vuelve complejo al coexistir una mirada compasiva de la mujer como víctima inocente del sistema vigente, pero también como responsable indirecta de la extensión de enfermedades.
Los guardianes del voto. FET y de las JONS y la União Nacional (1945-1958)
Authors: Domper Lasús Carlos
Published: July 2022

Este artículo profundiza en nuestro conocimiento de FET y de las JONS y la União Nacional a través del análisis de su intervención en las elecciones a la Asamblea Nacional portuguesa y en las elecciones municipales de representación familiar en España entre 1945 y 1958. La base empírica del trabajo procede de las fuentes primarias custodiadas en el Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares y el Arquivo Nacional Torre do Tombo de Lisboa. El artículo concluye que ambos partidos intervinieron en todas las etapas organizativas de dichas elecciones, aunque con fines distintos debido a su diferente origen.
antifranquismo y la vía chilena al socialismo, 1970-1973
Authors: Henríquez Uzal María José
Published: July 2022

El artículo aborda la manera en que las principales publicaciones antifranquistas cubrieron el Gobierno de Salvador Allende desde su elección como primer presidente «marxista» de Chile hasta el golpe de Estado en 1973. Se plantea que los medios españoles analizaron el proceso a la luz de la propia historia, como promesa de futuro en un comienzo y, progresivamente, como presencia del pasado en la medida en que la situación en Chile empeoraba. Así, se destacaron las grandes semejanzas y las relevantes diferencias, buscando reforzar los argumentos relativos al juego político interno. Más tarde, el quiebre democrático chileno impactó profundamente y dividió aguas de cara a la transición.
Investigaciones históricas e historia de la religión
Authors: Menozzi Daniele , Ceci Lucia , Moreno Seco Mónica , Solans Javier Ramón
Published: July 2022

En este Debate, Daniele Menozzi, Lucia Ceci, Mónica Moreno Seco y Javier Ramón Solans reflexionan sobre la renovación historiográfica experimentada por la historia de la religión tras la crisis del paradigma de la secularización y la aparición de nuevos conceptos en torno a las complejas relaciones entre religión y modernidad.
Barrier synchronization hierarchical algorithm for multicore shared-memory systems
Authors: Kurnosov M. G.
Published: July 2022

A hierarchical MPI barrier synchronization algorithm creating groups of processes that share common resources at the memory hierarchy levels (L2/L3 caches, NUMA node, socket) is proposed.  Synchronization is performed in groups at each level of the hierarchy. Experiments on a dual-socket server with two Huawei Kunpeng processors (128 cores, 4 NUMA nodes) showed that the proposed algorithm with NUMA nodes process grouping provides the minimum execution time compared to known methods and is resistant to different schemes of process placement.
Cryptographic protocol for finding the meeting place of participants with confidentiality property
Authors: Ioganson I. D. , Golovanov A. A. , Dakuo Zh.-M. N. , Davydov V. V.
Published: July 2022

In this paper a new cryptographic protocol for finding the meeting place of participants is proposed. This protocol allows several participants to choose the meeting place closest to their locations not revealing the coordinates of each of the participants. The protocol also allows to detect an error occurring during the transfer of information between participants. The correctness and security of the used approach are proved, and the main advantages and disadvantages are determined.
Balanced pixel interpolation algorithm when identifying the object’s contours on the borders of the image
Authors: Zaerko D. V. , Bobrova N. L.
Published: July 2022

The operation of algorithms for identifying object’s contours using two-dimensional convolution operation on the boundaries of raster images depends entirely on the location of the transformed pixel in the pixel matrix. The problem is related to the need for the convolution algorithm itself to use an additional set of pixels located outside the pixel matrix of the processed image [1, 2, 3]. In this paper, an algorithm for balanced interpolation of pixels at image boundaries in addition to algorithms based on statistical averages [4, 5] is proposed. Various sets of coefficients which are located at a certain pixel layout and participate in the interpolation algorithm is considered. A comparative analysis of the results of the balanced interpolation algorithm with the results using the arithmetic mean methods is carried out. Also, an example of using a new algorithm to solve the problem of the object’s contours identification on the borders of a raster halftone image is presented. The described algorithm is easy to understand, use and integrate with other algorithms and it does not require significant computing power.
Los procesos de autoaprendizaje de los docentes universitarios de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas
Authors: López-Calvo Sara , Dans Álvarez de Sotomayor Isabel , Muñoz-Carril Pablo-César
Published: July 2022

La formación del profesorado universitario constituye un componente fundamental del desarrollo profesional docente. Dentro de las diferentes modalidades de aprendizaje, la autoformación cobra especial relevancia en la actualidad, puesto que las barreras entre los diferentes contextos de adquisición de conocimientos son difusas al avance de las TIC. Para conocer cómo se configuran los procesos de aprendizaje de los docentes universitarios de la rama de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas se realizó un estudio de corte cualitativo con ocho de los mejores docentes de la Universidad de A Coruña según el programa DOCENTIA (ANECA). Para la recogida de datos se emplearon dos entrevistas semiestructuradas, cuyos resultados se organizan aquí en torno a tres dimensiones principales: las percepciones respecto a la necesidad de autoformarse, de las cuales se extraen valoraciones y dificultades para la formación; las influencias del pasado y del presente por parte de personas y de experiencias que nos llevan a querer autoformarnos, y los recursos utilizados para el autoaprendizaje. Los datos revelan que un componente fundamental de la actualización docente se basa en la formación continua autodidacta, especialmente en los contextos no formales e informales. La familia, otros docentes y el propi o alumnado son figuras clave en los procesos de aprendizaje, junto con los recursos tecnológicos.
Laboratory Diagnostic Capacity for Fungal Infections in Nigerian Tertiary Hospitals: A Gap Analysis Survey
Authors: Osaigbovo I I , Oladele R O , Orefuwa E , Akanbi O A , Ihekweazu C
Published: July 2022

Background: An estimated 11.8% of Nigerians suffer from invasive fungal infections (IFIs) yearly. Laboratory capacity to diagnose IFIs in Nigeria has not been objectively assessed.

Objective: To identify the gaps in laboratory capacity for diagnosis of IFIs in Nigerian tertiary hospitals.

Methods: Clinical microbiologists in Nigerian tertiary hospitals were invited to partake in a 21-item online survey via a professional chat group and email. A descriptive crosssectional study of survey responses was conducted. Frequencies were computed for microscopy, culture, antifungal sensitivity, and non-culture based diagnostic modalities.

Findings: Respondents were from 22 tertiary hospitals spread across the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. Gaps identified include absence of mycology laboratory/bench in 5/22 (22.7%), no access to a biosafety cabinet in 5/22 (22.7%), lack of laboratory scientists formally trained in mycology in 9/22 (40.9%), lack of participation in external quality assurance in all (100%), lack of automated blood culture facilities in 9/22 (40.9%), no yeast identification beyond germ tube test in12/22 (54.5%), and no anti-fungal sensitivity testing in 17/22 (77.3%). Galactomannan, cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay and latex agglutination tests are used in 1(4.5%), 3 (13.6%) and 5 (22.7%) centres respectively; antigen/antibody based non-culture diagnostics were totally absent in 12/22 (54.5%) hospitals.

Conclusion: Nigerian tertiary hospitals have gaps in the laboratory capacity to diagnose invasive fungal infections despite the significant size of the population at risk of these life-threatening infections in the country. Economically feasible diagnostic solutions and models as well as capacity building are urgently required.

Keywords: Fungal infections; Laboratories; Nigeria; Tertiary hospital.
Detection of NDM-1 in Metallo-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Onipede A , Odetoyin B , Ojo O , Adejobi A
Published: July 2022

Background: Metallo-beta-lactamase producingPseudomonas aeruginosa (MBL-PA) infections pose a major healthcare concern globally due to the associated extended morbidity, increased cost of treatment and high mortality.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of circulating MBL-PA strains and evaluate probable risk factors associated with the carriage of MBL-PA among patients in a selected South-western tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Methods: One hundred and forty-four isolates recovered from diverse clinical specimens were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by conventional methods. Eight antibiotics were tested on the isolates using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. All carbapenem resistant isolates were phenotypically screened for MBL-production using the combined disc synergy test. The MBL-producing strains were evaluated for the presence of three MBL genes blaIMP, blaVIM-2 and blaNDM1 by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: Fourteen (9.7%) isolates were positive for metallobeta-lactamase production by combined disc synergy test. The MBL-producing strains were more commonly resistant to all the tested antibiotics except to piperacillin tazobactam and imipenem compared with the non MBL producing strains (p<0.05). Antibiotic use and the occurrence of multidrug resistance phenotype were significantly associated with MBLcarriage (p<0.05). Four (28.6%) MBL-PA isolates carried NDM-1 gene, while IMP and VIM-2 genes were not detected in any of the isolates.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated a low prevalence of NDM-1 in P. aeruginosa circulating among patients in this environment. This may be because carbapenems are seldom prescribed in our hospital or probably due to the existence of other MBL genes and non-enzymatic resistance mechanisms that we did not investigate. Studies that evaluate the level of carbapenem resistance via non-MBL production route could assist and improve future surveillance of these fast spreading genes.

Keywords: IMP; MBL-PA; Metallo-beta-lactamase; NDM1; VIM.
Reproductive Behaviors among Men of a Rural Community in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim M J , Adamou N , Olorukooba A A , Omole V N
Published: July 2022

Background: Fertility is an important component of population change and has attracted the interest of scholars and policy makers. Nigeria's population growth rate has been driven by high fertility, which has fallen in the last few decades but not as rapidly as the fall of the crude death rate. Men and their kinsmen are the decision-makers on issues relating to reproductive health such as timing of the next birth, number of children and when to stop childbearing while their women cooperate. We determined the reproductive behaviors of men in Doka community in Kaduna State Nigeria.

Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive community based study of 320 men was conducted.

Results: The mean age±SD of the male respondents was 40 (±14.2) years. The average age at first marriage among men was 23.32 (±4.62 years), the contraceptive use among men was 10(3.2%). Above a third 118 (37.9%) of men were in polygamous union. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean number of living children as the age of men increased (p=0.001). The mean number of children ever fathered was significantly associated with the educational status of men (p=0.03).

Conclusion: we found a very low contraceptive use, high number of desired children as well as living children among the men. Government should enlighten married men on the importance of contraceptive use for birth control as well as the social and economic implications of having too many children.

Keywords: Contraception; Desired children; Fertility; Mean number of children.
Visual Status of Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Nkanga D , Agweye C T , Akanbi T , Ovienra W , Adenuga O , Ibanga A , Oyekunle I , Udoh M M , Okonkwo O N
Published: July 2022

Aim: To determine the degree of visual loss associated with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in Nigerians at first ophthalmic clinic presentation

Methodology: Multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study in four collaborating retina clinics within Nigeria between January and December 2018. The primary outcome measure was the World Health Organization’s visual status classification at presentation. Clinical examination, including a Snellen’s visual acuity, refraction, anterior segment examination using a slit lamp biomicroscope, and dilated fundus examination using a +90D or +78D, was done in all consecutive RP patients. We analyzed the data using SPSS (version 22), P < 0.05.

Results: Of 8614 patients seen within the study period, fiftyfour eyes of 27 patients diagnosed to have RP with a mean age of 44.1years ± 17.6 years (ranging between 5–73 years) constituted the study population. Eighteen (66.7%) were males and 9 (33.3%) females. The hospital-based prevalence of RP was 0.31%. Ten patients (37.0%) presented with myopia. RP was bilateral in all cases and non-syndromic. Bilateral low vision and blindness were noted in 44.4% and 22.2% of patients respectively.

Conclusion: About a quarter of patients with RP presenting to the retina clinics would have some degree of visual morbidity. Educating eye care providers and patients about the disease would improve understanding, encourage early clinic visits, manage visual morbidity and enhance rehabilitation when necessary.

Keywords: Retinitis Pigmentosa; Nigeria; Low Vision; Blindness.
Discharge Against Medical Advice (DAMA) in Adult Emergency Department of a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Nwashilli N J , Agbonrofo P I
Published: July 2022

Background: Patients who discharge against medical advice are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality as well as posing a serious burden for the hospital especially when re-admitted.

Aim: To determine the demographics, prevalence, clinical diagnosis and reasons for discharge against medical advice adult Emergency Department.

Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, carried out over one year period from June 2018 to May 2019 at University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Patients who requested for Discharge Against Medical Advice (DAMA) were asked to fill a data collection form after adequate counselling. Data analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS version 21.

Results: A total of 476 patients signed the DAMA form. There was male predominance with a male to female ratio of 1.4: 1. The average age of the patients was 42 ± 21 years. Surgical diagnosis accounted for 287 (60.3%) cases while the rest were medical. The most common reasons for DAMA were "To go closer home and financial constraint".

Conclusion: Discharge against medical advice was more prevalent among male patients with surgical cases accounting for more than half of the cases. Financial constraints and going home were the two common reasons for DAMA.

Keywords: Adult Emergency Department; Clinical diagnosis andReasons for DAMA; DAMA; Demographic features; Prevalence.
Pain Relief for Hysterosalpingography: A Randomized Controlled, Double Blinded Trial Comparing Suppository Diclofenac, Prilocaine/Lignocaine (EMLA) Cream And Placebo
Authors: Babandi R M , Agboghoroma O C , Durojaiye K W , Jimoh K O , Essiet E A
Published: July 2022

Background: Hysterosalpingography is dreaded by women due to pain. Pain intensity varies with different stages of the procedure and the search for an effective analgesia continues.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of suppository diclofenac (100mg), cervical lidocaine 25mg -prilocaine 25mg cream (5% EMLA) and placebo in pain relief for hysterosalpingography.

Methodology: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study conducted at National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria, between November 2018 and March 2019. Participants were allocated to three groups (A, B, C). Group A received suppository diclofenac 100mg plus placebo cream, group B got EMLA cream plus placebo suppository while group C received placebo suppository and cream. Pain levels were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline, during 4 different stages of the procedure, at 30 minutes and 24 hours after the procedure. Patients' satisfaction and side effects were also assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). P value < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was regarded as statistically significant.

Results: The most painful step of the procedure was during uterine distension with contrast medium with mean VAS score of 6.33±1.539, 5.37±1.377, 7.03±1.245 in group A, B and C, respectively (p-value <0.05). Mean pain scores during 4 steps of the procedure were found to be significantly lower in EMLA group. Intervention groups were also more satisfied after the procedure.

Conclusion: EMLA 5% cream is a more effective analgesic for HSG compared to both diclofenac and placebo.

Keywords: Analgesia; EMLA; diclofenac; hysterosalpingography; visual analogue scale.