bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Commercially Available Invertebrate Predators against Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Cuthbertson Andrew , Blackburn Lisa , Audsley Neil
Published: November 2014

Drosophila suzukii has been recorded in the UK since the end of 2012. To date, reports of serious damage have been rare. Previous research has demonstrated that there are chemicals available within the UK that are efficient in dealing with D. suzukii. However, few effective chemicals for use by the organic sector have been identified; equally the addition of “new” insecticides into previously stable ecosystems can have negative impacts upon natural enemies and so disrupt control strategies that have developed over a period of time. Therefore, there is a need also to screen for potential biological control agents for D. suzukii. The following commercially available predatory species were evaluated for their potential to act as control agents for D. suzukii: Orius majusculus, Orius laevigatus, Atheta coriaria, Hypoaspis miles and Anthocoris nemoralis. This set of natural enemies could potentially target several life stages of D. suzukii (larvae, pupae and adults). All species, except H. miles, fed on D. suzukii life stages to some extent. Hypoaspis miles displayed no impact upon D. suzukii populations. Anthocoris nemoralis displayed a tendency to feed upon more male than female adult D. suzukii and caused 45% mortality after five days. None of the natural enemies trialed were able to control D. suzukii individually. However, these and other non-commercially produced species will all play a role within a given ecosystem in controlling D. suzukii populations.
Electrokinetic and Hemostatic Profiles of Nonwoven Cellulosic/Synthetic Fiber Blends with Unbleached Cotton
Authors: Edwards J. , Graves Elena , Bopp Alvin , Prevost Nicolette , Santiago Michael , Condon Brian
Published: November 2014

Greige cotton contains waxes and pectin on the outer surface of the fiber that are removed when bleached, but these components present potential wound dressing functionality. Cotton nonwovens blended with hydrophobic and hydrophilic fibers including viscose, polyester, and polypropylene were assessed for clotting activity with thromboelastography (TEG) and thrombin production. Clotting was evaluated based on TEG measurements: R (time to initiation of clot formation), K (time from end of R to a 20 mm clot), α (rate of clot formation according to the angle tangent to the curve as K is reached), and MA (clot strength). TEG values correlate to material surface polarity as measured with electrokinetic parameters (ζplateau, Δζ and swell ratio). The material surface polarity (ζplateau) varied from −22 to −61 mV. K values and thrombin concentrations were found to be inversely proportional to ζplateau with an increase in material hydrophobicity. An increase in the swell ratios of the materials correlated with decreased K values suggesting that clotting rates following fibrin formation increase with increasing material surface area due to swelling. Clot strength (MA) also increased with material hydrophobicity. Structure/function implications from the observed clotting physiology induced by the materials are discussed.
Cellular Dynamics Drives the Emergence of Supracellular Structure in the Cyanobacterium, Phormidium sp. KS
Authors: Sato Naoki , Katsumata Yutaro , Sato Kaoru , Tajima Naoyuki
Published: November 2014

Motile filamentous cyanobacteria, such as Oscillatoria, Phormidium and Arthrospira, are ubiquitous in terrestrial and aquatic environments. As noted by Nägeli in 1860, many of them form complex three-dimensional or two-dimensional structures, such as biofilm, weed-like thalli, bundles of filaments and spirals, which we call supracellular structures. In all of these structures, individual filaments incessantly move back and forth. The structures are, therefore, macroscopic, dynamic structures that are continuously changing their microscopic arrangement of filaments. In the present study, we analyzed quantitatively the movement of individual filaments of Phormidium sp. KS grown on agar plates. Junctional pores, which have been proposed to drive cell movement by mucilage/slime secretion, were found to align on both sides of each septum. The velocity of movement was highest just after the reversal of direction and, then, attenuated exponentially to a final value before the next reversal of direction. This kinetics is compatible with the “slime gun” model. A higher agar concentration restricts the movement more severely and, thus, resulted in more spiral formation. The spiral is a robust form compatible with non-homogeneous movements of different parts of a long filament. We propose a model of spiral formation based on the microscopic movement of filaments.
(2S)-[3-(Anthracen-9-yl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl]methyl 2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]propanoate
Authors: Memeo Misal , Distante Francesco , Quadrelli Paolo
Published: November 2014

The synthesis of the (2S)-[3-(anthracen-9-yl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl]methyl 2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]propanoate is obtained through the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the stable anthracenenitrile oxide and the N-Boc protected (S)-alanine allyl ester as dipolarophile. The structure and the fluorescence properties are described upon the relative analytical and spectroscopic data.
Stratum Corneum Hydration and Skin Surface pH Variation Indicate that Organ Blood Flow Is Regulated by Meridian Activity at Certain Hours
Authors: Chuang Li-Fan , Chou Hong-Nong , Hsu Chin-Kong , Chou Hung-Shih , Sung Ping-Jyun , Chen Fu-Gin
Published: November 2014

Day and night are regular occurrences in nature, and the organs and tissues in living bodies follow this cycle. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) at various time points regulates organ excitation to maintain healthy functions in the living body. The energy required from basal metabolism can be used to explain living organisms according to the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) concept of relationships between meridian directions and organs at various times (organs “at rest” and organs “in operation”). By monitoring skin reactions after applying a cream, we speculated regular blood flow changes, and established an animated hourglass-shaped trajectory diagram to visualize these changes. A combination of TCM and physiological perspectives were considered to explain how the cardiovascular system produces energy. These two perspectives were applied to interpret the correlation between the SNS and organ metabolism.
The Azaindole Framework in the Design of Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Mérour Jean-Yves , Buron Frédéric , Plé Karen , Bonnet Pascal , Routier Sylvain
Published: November 2014

This review article illustrates the growing use of azaindole derivatives as kinase inhibitors and their contribution to drug discovery and innovation. The different protein kinases which have served as targets and the known molecules which have emerged from medicinal chemistry and Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD) programs are presented. The various synthetic routes used to access these compounds and the chemical pathways leading to their synthesis are also discussed. An analysis of their mode of binding based on X-ray crystallography data gives structural insights for the design of more potent and selective inhibitors.
Antimicrobial Renal Injury in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: β-Lactams vs. Vancomycin
Authors: Cies Jeffrey , II Wayne , Shankar Venkat , Chopra Arun
Published: November 2014

Vancomycin trough (Vt) concentrations of 15–20 mcg/mL have been associated with an increased rate of renal injury in adults. Current data in pediatrics suggests Vts of 15–20 mcg/mL do not increase the risk of renal injury in children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The primary objective was to determine if a difference exists in the incidence of renal injury in PICU patients receiving a β-lactam as compared with vancomycin therapy with Vts of 15–20 mcg/mL. This was a retrospective cohort study conducted within a PICU within a freestanding tertiary care pediatric hospital. The records of children admitted to the PICU between 10/2008–6/2009 who received vancomycin for ≥48 h targeting higher Vt concentrations of ≥15 mcg/mL for pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis were reviewed. This cohort (V group) was compared to children admitted from July 2009–July 2013 who received cefepime or piperacillin/tazobactam for ≥72 h (B group). Serum creatinine values were collected from 48 h before until 48 h after discontinuation of therapy for calculation of estimated glomerular filtration rate. Renal injury was categorized according to pRIFLE. 57 and 112 patients were included in the V and B groups, respectively. The mean (SD) therapeutic dose of vancomycin was 63.5(17.3) mg/kg/day and the mean (SD) trough was 17.8(3.1). The mean (SD) dose of cefepime was 51(26) mg/kg/dose with an every 8 h interval. The mean (SD) dose of piperacillin/tazobactam was 77(22) mg/kg/dose with an every 6 h interval. The mean (SD) PRISM scores were 10.9(10.2), 4.24(6.4) for the V and B groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Five of 57 and 10 of 112 patients in the V and B groups, respectively, were classified as having injury according to pRIFLE. No patient was classified as having a degree of renal injury greater than the pRIFLE injury. The incidence of renal injury was 8.8% in the V group and 8.9% in the B group, respectively (p = 1). Our observations suggest that maintaining Vt concentrations ≥15 mcg/mL is not associated with an increased rate of renal injury as compared with β-lactam monotherapy in a PICU population.
Mineral Mapping and Ore Prospecting with HyMap Data over Eastern Tien Shan, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Authors: Huo Hongyuan , Ni Zhuoya , Jiang Xiaoguang , Zhou Ping , Liu Liang
Published: November 2014

Using HyMap data, mineral identification and mineral mapping were conducted on the basis of the spectral absorption index (SAI) and other spectral absorption features in a study area in Tudun, eastern Tien Shan. Alteration minerals, such as calcite, alumina-rich (Al-rich) muscovite, epidote, and antigorite, were explored, and their relative abundance was depicted. A cross-validation was performed, and it showed a high degree of consistency between the imagery results and the results of previous literature. To further validate the mineral mapping from HyMap data, a field survey was carried out and rock samples were collected for quantitative analysis using a Por Infrared Mineral Analyzer (PIMA) and the software affiliated with it. Minerals were discriminated, and their relative abundance was calculated from the spectra. Although we found that the absorption band-depth and SAI agreed well with each other and with the relative abundance of mineral alterations, the spectral absorption band-depth provided a better representation. Finally, ore prospecting of the study area was presented, and we found the distribution and close spatial relationships among the minerals extracted using the HyMap data. In the northern and northwestern part of the Gold-mine area, there was a mineralized muscovite alteration showing a sheet or block distribution. In the Copper-mine area, Al-poor muscovite with a sheet distribution was distributed in the north and northeast region, and Al-rich muscovite showed a block distribution enclosed by the distribution area of Al-poor muscovite. These all showed good ore prospects for the study area.
Classifier Directed Data Hybridization for Geographic Sample Supervised Segment Generation
Authors: Fourie Christoff , Schoepfer Elisabeth
Published: November 2014

Quality segment generation is a well-known challenge and research objective within Geographic Object-based Image Analysis (GEOBIA). Although methodological avenues within GEOBIA are diverse, segmentation commonly plays a central role in most approaches, influencing and being influenced by surrounding processes. A general approach using supervised quality measures, specifically user provided reference segments, suggest casting the parameters of a given segmentation algorithm as a multidimensional search problem. In such a sample supervised segment generation approach, spatial metrics observing the user provided reference segments may drive the search process. The search is commonly performed by metaheuristics. A novel sample supervised segment generation approach is presented in this work, where the spectral content of provided reference segments is queried. A one-class classification process using spectral information from inside the provided reference segments is used to generate a probability image, which in turn is employed to direct a hybridization of the original input imagery. Segmentation is performed on such a hybrid image. These processes are adjustable, interdependent and form a part of the search problem. Results are presented detailing the performances of four method variants compared to the generic sample supervised segment generation approach, under various conditions in terms of resultant segment quality, required computing time and search process characteristics. Multiple metrics, metaheuristics and segmentation algorithms are tested with this approach. Using the spectral data contained within user provided reference segments to tailor the output generally improves the results in the investigated problem contexts, but at the expense of additional required computing time.
Secure Publish-Subscribe Protocols for Heterogeneous Medical Wireless Body Area Networks
Authors: Picazo-Sanchez Pablo , Tapiador Juan , Peris-Lopez Pedro , Suarez-Tangil Guillermo
Published: November 2014

Security and privacy issues in medical wireless body area networks (WBANs) constitute a major unsolved concern because of the challenges posed by the scarcity of resources in WBAN devices and the usability restrictions imposed by the healthcare domain. In this paper, we describe a WBAN architecture based on the well-known publish-subscribe paradigm. We present two protocols for publishing data and sending commands to a sensor that guarantee confidentiality and fine-grained access control. Both protocols are based on a recently proposed ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) scheme that is lightweight enough to be embedded into wearable sensors. We show how sensors can implement lattice-based access control (LBAC) policies using this scheme, which are highly appropriate for the eHealth domain. We report experimental results with a prototype implementation demonstrating the suitability of our proposed solution.
Tree Crown Mapping in Managed Woodlands (Parklands) of Semi-Arid West Africa Using WorldView-2 Imagery and Geographic Object Based Image Analysis
Authors: Karlson Martin , Reese Heather , Ostwald Madelene
Published: November 2014

Detailed information on tree cover structure is critical for research and monitoring programs targeting African woodlands, including agroforestry parklands. High spatial resolution satellite imagery represents a potentially effective alternative to field-based surveys, but requires the development of accurate methods to automate information extraction. This study presents a method for tree crown mapping based on Geographic Object Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) that use spectral and geometric information to detect and delineate individual tree crowns and crown clusters. The method was implemented on a WorldView-2 image acquired over the parklands of Saponé, Burkina Faso, and rigorously evaluated against field reference data. The overall detection rate was 85.4% for individual tree crowns and crown clusters, with lower accuracies in areas with high tree density and dense understory vegetation. The overall delineation error (expressed as the difference between area of delineated object and crown area measured in the field) was 45.6% for individual tree crowns and 61.5% for crown clusters. Delineation accuracies were higher for medium (35–100 m2) and large (≥100 m2) trees compared to small (<35 m2) trees. The results indicate potential of GEOBIA and WorldView-2 imagery for tree crown mapping in parkland landscapes and similar woodland areas.
Emergy-Based Regional Socio-Economic Metabolism Analysis: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis and Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zilong , Chen Xingpeng , Heck Peter
Published: November 2014

Integrated analysis on socio-economic metabolism could provide a basis for understanding and optimizing regional sustainability. The paper conducted socio-economic metabolism analysis by means of the emergy accounting method coupled with data envelopment analysis and decomposition analysis techniques to assess the sustainability of Qingyang city and its eight sub-region system, as well as to identify the major driving factors of performance change during 2000–2007, to serve as the basis for future policy scenarios. The results indicate that Qingyang greatly depended on non-renewable emergy flows and feedback (purchased) emergy flows, except the two sub-regions, named Huanxian and Huachi, which highly depended on renewable emergy flow. Zhenyuan, Huanxian and Qingcheng were identified as being relatively emergy efficient, and the other five sub-regions have potential to reduce natural resource inputs and waste output to achieve the goal of efficiency. The results of decomposition analysis show that the economic growth, as well as the increased emergy yield ratio and population not accompanied by a sufficient increase of resource utilization efficiency are the main drivers of the unsustainable economic model in Qingyang and call for polices to promote the efficiency of resource utilization and to optimize natural resource use.
Effects of Biosolids and Manure Application on Microbial Water Quality in Rural Areas in the US
Authors: Oun Amira , Kumar Arun , Harrigan Timothy , Angelakis Andreas , Xagoraraki Irene
Published: November 2014

Most of the waterborne disease outbreaks observed in North America are associated with rural drinking water systems. The majority of the reported waterborne outbreaks are related to microbial agents (parasites, bacteria and viruses). Rural areas are characterized by high livestock density and lack of advanced treatment systems for animal and human waste, and wastewater. Animal waste from livestock production facilities is often applied to land without prior treatment. Biosolids (treated municipal wastewater sludge) from large wastewater facilities in urban areas are often transported and applied to land in rural areas. This situation introduces a potential for risk of human exposure to waterborne contaminants such as human and zoonotic pathogens originating from manure, biosolids, and leaking septic systems. This paper focuses on waterborne outbreaks and sources of microbial pollution in rural areas in the US, characterization of the microbial load of biosolids and manure, association of biosolid and manure application with microbial contamination of surface and groundwater, risk assessment and best management practice for biosolids and manure application to protect water quality. Gaps in knowledge are identified, and recommendations to improve the water quality in the rural areas are discussed.
Wetlands and Sustainability
Authors: Smardon Richard
Published: November 2014

This editorial provides an overview of the special issue “Wetlands and Sustainability”. In particular, the special issue contains a review of Paul Keddy’s book “Wetland Ecology” with specific reference to wetland sustainability. It also includes papers addressing wetland data acquisition via radar and remote sensing to better understand wetland system dynamics, hydrologic processes linked to wetland stress and restoration, coastal wetlands land use conflict/management, and wetland utilization for water quality treatment.
Karst Aquifer Recharge: Comments on Somaratne, N. Characteristics of Point Recharge in Karst Aquifers. Water 2014, 6, 2782–2807
Authors: Werner Adrian
Published: November 2014

The article “Characteristics of Point Recharge in Karst Aquifers, Water 6: 2782–2807” by N. Somaratne evaluates various recharge estimation techniques applied to four limestone aquifers in South Australia. Somaratne [1] concludes that methods based on watertable fluctuations, groundwater modelling and water budgets are independent of recharge processes, and are therefore superior to the chloride mass balance (CMB) approach for karst aquifers. The current comment offers alternative interpretations from existing field measurements and previous literature, in particular for the Uley South aquifer, which is the focus of much of the article by Somaratne [1]. Conclusions regarding this system are revised, partly to account for the misrepresentation of previous studies. The aeolianite sediments of Uley South are mostly unconsolidated or poorly consolidated, and dissolution features in the calcrete capping provide point infiltration into a predominantly unconsolidated vadose zone, whereas Somaratne’s [1] findings require that the system comprises well-developed conduits in otherwise low-conductivity limestone. Somaratne’s [1] assertion that the basic premise of CMB is violated in Uley South is disputable, given strong evidence of relatively well-mixed groundwater arising from mostly diffuse recharge. The characterization of karst aquifer recharge should continue to rely on multiple techniques, including environmental tracers such as chloride.
Investigating Stationarity in Tourist Arrivals to Taiwan Using Panel Kpss with Sharp Drifts and Smooth Breaks
Authors: Yang Ginny Ju-Ann , Ying Yung-Hsiang , Chang Koyin , Lee Chen-Hsun
Published: November 2014

This study applied panel-based stationary tests to investigate the nonstationarity of long-run tourist arrivals to Taiwan. The sample of visitors in this study arrived from six main source countries between 1970 and 2011. We employed a panel KPSS test using a Fourier function and sharp
drifts, which considers cross-sectional dependence as well as sudden impact and smooth transformation of data. This test can determine, with more power, whether tourist arrivals are stationary. Results of this study indicate that the trend in the series of tourist arrivals to Taiwan is stationary,
with the exception of arrivals from Korea and Europe, implying that economic fluctuation inserts more impact on the tourism industry in these countries than others.
Discourse About Workforce Development in Tourism—An Analysis of Public Policy, Planning, and Implementation in Australia and Scotland: Hot Air or Making a Difference?
Authors: Solnet David , Nickson Dennis , Robinson Richard N. S. , Kralj Anna , Baum Tom
Published: November 2014

This article addresses the contribution of the policy formulation process in driving agendas relating to workforce development in the tourism sectors of Australia and Scotland. This discussion represents an exploratory study that seeks to fill a clear conceptual and empirical gap in
the extant literature. The discussion is located within wider consideration of the role of public and private sector stakeholders in policy formulation and implementation as a manifestation of active labor market policy engagement. Using a process of systematic documentary analysis, the study
considers public policy reports and implementation strategies published in Australia (24) and Scotland (34) between 2000 and 2012 and focuses on the role of key actors, methodologies employed, and the recommendations that arise within each report. Conclusions relating to the process of stakeholder
engagement and its relative ineffectiveness are drawn.
Electricity Consumption and Hotel Industry in Singapore
Authors: Lee Chew Ging
Published: November 2014

This research note provides an examination of the hotel industry as a determinant of electricity consumption in Singapore. The GARCH-M(1, 1) model has been adopted to model the relationship between electricity consumption and the hotel industry in Singapore, together with a control
variable (industrial production). This study identifies industrial production, gross lettings in terms of room nights, and the variability of electricity consumption as the key determinants that affect electricity consumption. All these variables exhibit positive effects on electricity consumption
in Singapore.
Traveling Through the End Times: The Tourist as Apocalyptic Subject
Authors: Tucker Hazel , Shelton Eric
Published: November 2014

In this review article, Tucker and Shelton present apocalyptic thought as being a significant discursive element involved in the production of the tourist as subject. Both concepts—tourist and apocalypse—are treated as metaphors and therefore as being produced within language.
The authors discuss the immanence, and not imminence, of apocalypse in current popular secular apocalyptic thought, lurking both as an uncertain fascination and a form of anxiety that has no apparent end. Mapped onto this thinking is the tourist as subject, a metaphor of the social world,
including apocalypticism. Involving the discursive construction and representation of the tourist experience, as well as the semiotics of tourist spaces and landscapes, the authors suggest tourism's “worldmaking” power lies in its aestheticizing of the object of interest and in
its production of an aesthetic distance. In the case of the apocalyptic tourist subject, the aesthetic distance is seen to be produced (by Tucker and Shelton) in order to observe signs of the approaching catastrophe. This distancing is seen by them to be particularly obvious in any form of
last chance tourism, including nature tourism and heritage tourism. In their eyes, the resulting apocalyptic subjectivity is necessarily situated within a politics of “saving” the past for the future. Tucker and Shelton thereby recruit Walter Benjamin's notions of aura
and distraction to illustrate the political nature of the apocalyptic tourist aesthetic, and they suggest that critique of tourist subjectivity should be regularly/repeatedly used to inform the worldmaking praxis of about things in and through tourism. (Abstract by the Reviews Editor)
Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity
Authors: Lis Dan , Cecchet Francesca
Published: November 2014

Vibrational transitions contain some of the richest fingerprints of molecules and materials, providing considerable physicochemical information. Vibrational transitions can be characterized by different spectroscopies, and alternatively by several imaging techniques enabling to reach sub-microscopic spatial resolution. In a quest to always push forward the detection limit and to lower the number of needed vibrational oscillators to get a reliable signal or imaging contrast, surface plasmon resonances (SPR) are extensively used to increase the local field close to the oscillators. Another approach is based on maximizing the collective response of the excited vibrational oscillators through molecular coherence. Both features are often naturally combined in vibrational nonlinear optical techniques. In this frame, this paper reviews the main achievements of the two most common vibrational nonlinear optical spectroscopies, namely surface-enhanced sum-frequency generation (SE-SFG) and surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (SE-CARS). They can be considered as the nonlinear counterpart and/or combination of the linear surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques, respectively, which are themselves a branching of the conventional IR and spontaneous Raman spectroscopies. Compared to their linear equivalent, those nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies have proved to reach higher sensitivity down to the single molecule level, opening the way to astonishing perspectives for molecular analysis.
Fragilisation de l'interdit de l'inceste au sein de configurations familiales sans liens biologiques
Authors: Thévenot Anne , Fabing-Keller Line
Published: November 2014

Les auteurs proposent de réfléchir à l’aide de deux situations cliniques à la réactivation de l’interdit de l’inceste dans des configurations familiales particulières. Leur analyse porte sur la manière dont chacun des membres de la famille, fille, père et mère, se positionne. Ils s’intéressent à la dimension imaginaire dans le nouage des différents liens, biologiques, psychiques, légaux à l’œuvre dans les montages généalogiques.
Sophie Brochu, présidente de Gaz Métro : le leadership des coups de cœur
Authors: Cardinal Jacqueline
Published: November 2014

Sophie Brochu a été nommée présidente de Gaz Métro en 2007 à l’âge de 44 ans. Elle était jeune, elle était femme : deux premières. Dès son entrée en poste, elle a imprimé un virage vert au plus grand distributeur gazier du Québec. Elle a ensuite inscrit dans la mission de l’entreprise une responsabilité sociale et communautaire, entraînant par son enthousiasme l’adhésion du milieu des affaires montréalais. Selon elle, la prospérité des entreprises du Québec est la meilleure garantie contre la menace d’érosion de son filet social. Cet article trace le portrait d’une leader dont les « coups de cœur » et la détermination permettent de réaliser des projets d’envergure et de vaincre les obstacles.
Portes entrouvertes sur l'industrie du loisir créatif
Authors: Auger Claudine
Published: November 2014

L’industrie du loisir créatif, portée par le « fait maison », profite d’une vision qui emprunte à des contextes tels que le mouvement écologique, le logiciel libre et les œuvres artistiques distribuées sans intermédiaire grâce à Internet. Cet article montre que cette industrie, qui connaît une croissance soutenue, est dominée au Québec par deux colosses, soit DeSerres, une institution centenaire, et un nouveau concurrent arrivé en force, le géant américain Michaels. Il reste tout de même de la place pour de nombreux petits commerces. Toutefois, pour bénéficier de ce marché, où une population vieillissante a du temps et un budget à consacrer à ses rêves d’artistes, ces concurrents doivent définir clairement leur champ d’action et savoir se réinventer.
Quand le changement menace l'identité
Authors: Ghadiri Djahanchah Philip
Published: November 2014

Les changements qui touchent l’identité de l’organisation ou de ses membres sont parmi ceux qui risquent le plus d’échouer ou de causer des dommages. En effet, ils peuvent entraîner des résistances farouches, aussi bien à l’intérieur qu’à l’extérieur de l’organisation. Or, il n’est pas toujours facile de cerner en quoi un changement peut menacer l’identité de l’organisation, d’un groupe ou d’une personne. C’est pourquoi les résistances d’origine identitaire sont pour la plupart inattendues et mystérieuses aux yeux des porteurs du changement. Cet article met en lumière ce que sont les menaces identitaires, et leurs impacts potentiels en termes d’insécurité et de réactions défensives. Afin de prévenir ou d’apaiser ces menaces, l’article passe en revue quelques conditions de succès à respecter et propose cinq balises identitaires auxquelles prêter attention dans la lecture et l’accompagnement du changement. Enfin, il fait quelques mises en garde éthiques et pratiques à considérer lorsque le changement touche directement l’identité.
Diagnostiquer les « pratiques corporelles » comme facteur sanitaire : l'exemple des « baromètres santé »
Authors: Radel Antoine
Published: November 2014

Évaluer les actions de prévention et leurs impacts auprès du public est un véritable défi. Cette contribution retrace la création et le développement d’un instrument d’analyse destiné à saisir les représentations et pratiques du public en matière de santé individuelle : le baromètre santé. Sous l’impact de la problématique de la nutrition au début des années 2000, la question de l’activité physique est un item rapidement intégré au dispositif. L’article s’intéresse aux conceptions successives de cette thématique du « sport-santé » et aux différentes manières de mesurer et de percevoir l’activité physique au cours des vingt dernières années.
Le stade de Colombes et la question du grand stade en France (des origines à 1972)
Authors: Delépine Michaël
Published: November 2014

Le stade de Colombes est sans doute l’une des constructions sportives françaises les plus éminentes du xx e siècle. L’installation qui remplace, en 1907, l’ancien champ de courses, est en effet devenue une enceinte de 60 000 places pour les Jeux olympiques de 1924. Théâtre des plus importantes épreuves internationales (Coupe du Monde de football 1938, championnats d’Europe d’athlétisme 1938), Colombes a surtout été le stade national français jusqu’en 1972 et la réalisation du nouveau Parc des Princes. Il accueille à ce titre les principales compétitions hexagonales. L’objectif du présent article est de présenter l’histoire de ce lieu à partir de sources diverses en évitant toute dérive monographique. Il s’agit donc d’appréhender le stade Yves-du-Manoir à travers le prisme du grand stade et de démontrer que Colombes, tout en étant la plus grande installation sportive de l’Hexagone, est également une tentative avortée d’un projet monumental qui a jalonné toute son existence. Après avoir dressé un état des lieux des stades français au début du xx e  siècle, nous évoquerons les heures pré-olympiques du site avant de souligner les enjeux majeurs et les transformations réalisées pour les J.O. de Paris 1924. L’étude de l’exploitation et de la gestion du site constitue le second axe de cet article. Il s’agit ainsi de comprendre les divers héritages du stade olympique de Colombes à travers un inventaire précis de son utilisation. La rivalité avec d’autres enceintes, l’image négative des lieux, les réflexions nées autour de son éventuelle modernisation et l’ombre planante incarnée par le mythe d’un stade monumental compléteront cette présentation.
Au-delà de « l'échec » en centre de formation. La recomposition des aspirations professionnelles d'un ancien apprenti footballeur
Authors: Rasera Frédéric
Published: November 2014

Plusieurs enquêtes sociologiques ont montré le caractère particulièrement sélectif du cursus de formation au métier de footballeur, très peu d’apprentis étant finalement retenus par leur club formateur pour signer un contrat de joueur professionnel. À partir d’une méthodologie combinant entretiens et observations répétés entre 2007 et 2013, cet article est centré sur la recomposition des aspirations professionnelles d’un jeune apprenti footballeur qui a été évincé de son club formateur à l’âge de 18 ans. À rebours du regard spontané qui saisit les jeunes exclus de l’élite du football professionnel à travers le prisme de « l’échec », il analyse les « ressources » et « handicaps » sociaux qui façonnent un parcours et rend compte des conditions sociales qui contribuent à entretenir des espoirs de professionnalisation sportive.
« Faire quelque chose de bien dans le foot » : une stratégie familiale d'accès à l'espace du football professionnel français
Authors: Nazareth Cyril
Published: November 2014

Cet article aborde les formes alternatives de mobilisation des familles d’origine populaire permettant de maintenir des projets de mobilité sociale, face à des aspirations souvent déçues à travers la réussite scolaire. Nous traitons plus particulièrement de la pratique du football, envisagée comme un éventuel recours à une relégation scolaire et sociale, à partir de l’étude de cas d’un père, Samir, engagé corps et âme dans la réussite footballistique de son fils âgé de 14 ans. À l’aune de sa trajectoire sociale, nous analyserons ses efforts constants pour placer son fils dans un club d’excellence. Nous mettrons alors en évidence ses difficultés à se soumettre aux exigences de la sélection sportive qui entravent leur entreprise de réhabilitation sociale.
Atypical Imaging Features of Tuberculous Spondylitis: Case Report with Literature Review
Authors: Momjian Rita , George Mina
Published: November 2014

Spinal tuberculosis in its typical form that shows destruction of two adjacent vertebral bodies and opposing end plates, destruction of the intervening intervertebral disc and a paravertebral or psoas abscess, is easily recognized and readily treated. Atypical tuberculous spondylitis without the above mentioned imaging features, although seen infrequently, has been well documented. We present, in this report, a case of atypical tuberculous spondylitis showing involvement of contiguous lower dorsal vertebral bodies and posterior elements with paravertebral and epidural abscess but with preserved intervertebral discs. The patient presented in advanced stage with progressive severe neurological symptoms due to spinal cord compression. Non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging led to misdiagnosis of the lesion as a neoplastic process. It was followed by contrast enhanced computed tomography of the chest and abdomen that raised the possibility of an infectious process and, post-operatively, histopathological examination of the operative specimen confirmed tuberculosis. This case indicates the difficulty in differentiating atypical spinal tuberculosis from other diseases causing spinal cord compression. The different forms of atypical tuberculous spondylitis reported in the literature are reviewed. The role of the radiologist in tuberculous spondylitis is not only to recognize the imaging characteristics of the disease by best imaging modality, which is contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, but also to be alert to the more atypical presentations to ensure early diagnosis and prompt treatment to prevent complications. However, when neither clinical examination nor magnetic resonance imaging findings are reliable in differentiating spinal infection from one another and from neoplasm, adequate biopsy, either imaging guided or surgical biopsy is essential for early diagnosis.
Mollusca from a species-rich deep-water Leptometra community in the Alboran Sea
Authors: Gofas Serge , Salas Carmen , Rueda José Luis , Canoura Jesús , Farias Carlos , Gil Juan
Published: November 2014

An exceptional species richness for Mollusca was found on Avempace bank (349-365 m), Djibouti group, Alboran Sea, where the most abundant species was the crinoid Leptometra phalangium. A sample of sediment sieved on a 0.5-mm mesh yielded 156 species of molluscs (83 live-taken, 1772 specimens) with a high Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’(log2)=3.60). The dominant mollusc was Limopsis aurita and the six most common species accounted for 77% of the specimens. On the other hand, 42 species were represented by only one or two specimens. Two species are described as new, three more are first findings in the Mediterranean and two are first findings in Iberian waters. One-third of the species have not been reported from the neighbouring, well-explored Alboran Island platform. There is a considerable balance between the trophic groups, denoting a stable and structured community. Most of the species have an extensive Atlantic range, and most have a planktonic larval stage. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that the fauna benefits from a diverse influx of larvae carried in by the more superficial incoming Atlantic current. Because of its exceptional richness, this type of bathyal community with Leptometra and Limopsis should be considered a high priority for habitat conservation in the Mediterranean deep sea.
Trendalysing Social Work
Authors: Trygged Sven
Published: November 2014

This report describes an exploration of Google Trends in an attempt to determine its usefulness for social work research. Web searches on Google Trends related to social work were undertaken for the period 2007-2013. Hits related to jobs and education dominated. Emerging trends related to social media such as Facebook, Twitter and Linkedin, but also came up for words such as evidence, technology and measure that might be interpreted in terms of theories or concepts, e,g., New Public Management and managerial social work. These findings were compared with numbers of reported studies in the databases Web of Science and PsycInfo. The paper includes some practical suggestions that might improve searches; but Google Trends is a tool still in the process of development and so far its usefulness for academic social work appears to be limited.

Index Terms—Google Trends, social work trends, methods, managerial ideas
Paraclemensia acerifoliella (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae) in western Canada: a newly discovered host, an expanded range, and biogeographical considerations
Authors: Pohl Gregory R. , Jaeger Christi , Nazari Vazrick , Schmidt Chris , Richard Danika , Gosche Stan
Published: November 2014

The maple leafcutter moth (Paraclemensia acerifoliella (Fitch) (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae) has been discovered in western Canada, feeding on saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia (Nuttall) Nuttall ex Roemer (Rosaceae)), a previously undocumented host. New records are detailed, and historical records are reviewed and assessed. Western populations are compared morphologically, genetically, and ecologically to populations feeding on maple (Acer Linnaeus; Sapindaceae) in eastern Canada. Paraclemensia Busck species host plants are discussed in relation to the hypothesised phylogenetic history of the genus. Although maple feeding is hypothesised to be the ancestral condition in the genus Paraclemensia, Rosaceae feeding (including Amelanchier) is hypothesised to be a derived capability of the P. acerifoliella species group.
Histochemical and biometric study of the gastrointestinal system of Hyla orientalis (Bedriaga, 1890) (Anura, Hylidae)
Authors: Akat E. , ArÄ±kan H. , GÃ¶Ã§men B.
Published: November 2014

This study was carried out to assess the localization of hyaluronic acid (HA) and the distribution of glycoproteins in the gastrointestinal system of adult Hyla orientalis. Histochemical analysis of the gastrointestinal system in H. orientalis showed that mucous content included glycogene and/or oxidable dioles [periodic acid/Schiff (PAS)+], neutral or acid-rich (PAS/AB pH 2.5+), sialic acid residues (KOH/PAS+) and acid sulphate [Aldehyde fuchsin (AF)+] glycoproteins. However the mucus content was not the same in stomach, small and large intestine. The mucus content of stomach included only glycogene and/or oxidable dioles and sialic acid residues. Besides these histochemical methods, the localization of HA was detected using biotinylated hyaluronic acid binding protein labeled with streptavidin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). In the extracellular matrix of the submucosa, the reaction for HA was evident. Since HA was located in submucosa beneath the epithelial layer of gastrointestinal system, it has a significant role in hydric balance, and essential to provide the gastrointestinal system integrity and functionality. According to biometric results, there were statistical differences between small and large intestine in terms of the amount of material stained positive with PAS/AB, PAS, KOH/PAS and AF/AB. Additionally, number of goblet cells in the small and large intestine was significantly different.
Regulatory volume decrease in isolated nematocytes is affected by crude venom from the jellyfish Pelagia noctiluca
Authors: Morabito Rossana , Dossena Silvia , La Spada Giuseppa , Marino Angela
Published: November 2014

Crude venom from nematocysts of the Scyphozoan Pelagia noctiluca possesses hemolytic and cytotoxic power on cultured cells and elicits local and systemic inflammation reactions in vivo. The ability of regulating their volume after exposure to an anisosmotic solution is a fundamental feature common to cells from vertebrates and invertebrates, including Cnidarians. The aim of the present work i s to assay whether crude venom from Pelagia noctiluca may affect the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) of nematocytes isolated from the Anthozoan Aiptasia mutabilis, here employed as a cell model. For this purpose, nematocytes were isolated by 605 mM NaSCN plus 0.01 mM Ca2+ application on acontia of Aiptasia mutabilis, while crude venom was obtained by sonication of a population of, respectively, 10, 25 and 50 nematocysts/µL (n/µL). Isolated nematocytes were pre-treated for 30 min with crude venom, submitted to hypotonic stress and their osmotic response and RVD were measured optically. Our results show that, after exposure to crude venom, nematocytes were morphologically intact, as shown by the Trypan blue exclusion test, but did not exhibit RVD. This effect was dose-dependent and reversed by the ionopho re gramicidin. The last observation suggests an inhibitory effect of venom on cell membrane ion transport mechanisms involved in RVD. Further studies are needed to verify this hypothesis and ascertain if a similar effect could be observed in human cells.
Developing family-friendly signage in a South African paediatric healthcare setting
Authors: Leonard Angela L. , Verster Anchen , Coetzee Minette
Published: November 2014

Background: Multiple renovations and changing flow in a tertiary children’s hospital in Cape Town resulted in numerous signs being posted in the corridors and units, making wayfinding extremely complex. A request from nursing management prompted the formation of a learning collaborative of nurses from all departments to improve wayfinding signage.Objectives: The project aimed to contribute to a family-friendly environment by reviewing the current situation and developing signage to improve wayfinding and convey essential information to parents, caregivers and patients.Methods: A participative action research method followed a four-stage process to facilitate the development of family-friendly signage. Nurse participants reviewed existing signage and collaboratively developed new signage templates and posted signs. The signage was then evaluated using a rapid appraisal questionnaire involving 50 parents and nurse respondents. At each stage of data collection, the matic content analysis was used to analyse data gathered in process meetings and the reflections of participating nurses.Results: A design template and then 44 new signs were developed and used to replace old signage. Respondents reported that the new signs were noticeable, looked attractive and were easily understandable.Conclusion: Intentional and active participation of nurses in clinical paediatric settings ensured collaborative data gathering and analysis. An inclusive research design allowed for insights into the words and tone of posted signs that nurse participants had not noticed previously. The participative redesign of signage resulted in a sense of ownership of the signs.The support and involvement of hospital management throughout ensured that the resulting signage received wide acceptance.
Children’s rights education: An imperative for health professionals
Authors: Lake Lori
Published: November 2014

The South African government has put in place a range of laws, policies and programmes that are designed to give effect to children’s rights and support children’s survival, health and optimal development. These rights do not just exist on paper. They have the potential to transform professional practice and improve the quality of care across a range of health care services. A child-rights’ approach requires nurses to act in the best interest of children, respect their evolving capacities, think more holistically about a child’s well-being and work with others to address the broader social determinants of health – such as access to food, water and sanitation. This article draws on lessons learned from a short course in children’s rights and child law for health professionals offered by the Children’s Institute, University of Cape Townfrom 2011–2014. It encourages nurses to reflect critically on their current practice and to take action to improve a child’s well-being. It also advocates for the inclusion of children’s rights to be at the heart of education and training, professional codes of conduct and standards of care.