bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF NITROPHENOLATES ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND REPRODUCTIVE COMPONENTS OF TWO PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.) CULTIVARS
Authors: Basit Zrar Dilzar , Aziz Bayan Rokan , Kanimarani Sawsan M-S Ali
Published: August 2021

This investigation was carried out during 4th November 2019 to 20th April 2020 at Grdarasha field, college of Agricultural Engineering Sciences-Salahaddin University, to evaluate the effect of foliar application of the Nitrophenolates biostimulator at different levels (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 ml.l-1)on growth and yield of two Pea cultivars (Utrillo and Nihal). Significant results were obtained from most studied parameters. The results indicated that cultivars had significant response on some of vegetative growth and yield parameters of pea, the best results were recorded from Utrillo cultivar. Moreover, foliar spraying of Nitrphenolates had significant influence on vegetative parameters, the highest significant result of leaves and branchesnumber (110.747 and 2.694 respectively) were recorded from (1ml.l-1). While, the best results of vegetative growth fresh weight and leaf chlorophyll content were obtained from 0.2 ml.l-1treatment. Foliar spray of Nitrphenolate also increased significantly yield parameters, where the highest values of number of seeds.pod-1, yield per plant, plat and hectare (6.000, 0.168kg, 1.009kg and 1.681ton respectively) were recorded from 0.2 ml.l-1 treatment compared with the control. Meanwhile, there was the significant response of cultivars to foliar application of Nitrophenolates on most vegetative growth and yield components and were recorded for both cultivars especially Nihal.
Prevalence of Hospital Associated Infections and Health Care Workers Compliance with Hand Hygiene Practices in a Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: U. Kaoje Aminu , Mohammed Yahaya , M. Sabitu Zainu , G. Abubakar Bilkisu , M. Abduljabbar Abdulrazaq , B. Al-Hassan Zubaidah , Surajo Lawal , U. Abubakar Auwal , A. Raji Ismail , Saad Saad
Published: August 2021

Background: Hospital associated infections (HAIs) remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. And despite the simplicity of hand hygiene practice, an important preventive measure that has been proven to reduce the risk of acquiring and transmitting HAIs, Health care workers (HCW) compliance with the recommendations is of serious concern. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hospital associated infections and HCWs compliance with hand hygiene practice in a tertiary hospital. Methods and material: This was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study among 110 patients on admission selected using universal sampling, and 377 HCWs selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data collected with self-administered questionnaire for HCWs, interviewer-administered proforma for the patients and data extraction sheet for laboratory analysis. Data analyzed for descriptive statistics using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Patients' mean age was 32.8, IQR: 10.5-37.9 years. Majority, 56(50.9%) were females; Hausa/Fulani, 91(82.7%) and 37(33.6%) had only Qur'anic education while only 20(18.2%) had tertiary education. Health care workers' mean age was 31.8 5.3 years. Majority 227(60.2%) are females, and 267(71.8%) of the participants have received training on hospital infection control. Overall prevalence of HAIs was 42.7%, highest in surgical unit. Commonest HAIs being blood stream infections, and the least, Health Care Associated Pneumonia. Most of the infections were due to Staphylococcus aureus, 22(46.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 14(29.8%). Highest hand hygiene practice was reported after contact with body fluid and highest non-compliance reported was before touching patient. Hand hygiene compliance rate was 49.6% and main reasons to non-compliance were high work load, lack of running water and soap, and regular use of hand gloves. Conclusions: Prevalence of HAIs was reportedly high, and low hand hygiene compliance and rate despite majority of the HCWs having received training on Hospital infection control. To reduce the prevalence and the associated burden of HAIs, there is need to put in measures to improve compliance to quality hand hygiene practice by health workers.
Descriptive Characterisation of Suspected Measles Cases in Sokoto State 2010 -2016: A Secondary Data Analysis
Authors: A. Raji Ismail , U. Abubakar Auwal , M. Na’uzo Aliyu , Mohammed Yahaya , U. Kaoje Aminu , M. Ango Umar
Published: August 2021

Background: Measles is a disease with worldwide distribution; however, control efforts have substantially altered the global distribution. The incidence has decreased considerably in regions where routine vaccination is strong; however, this is not the case in developing countries like Nigeria. This study aims to describe the distribution of measles cases in Sokoto state in time, place and person. Methods: Descriptive analyses of measles surveillance data between 2010 and 2016 was carried out to describe the epidemiology of measles in Sokoto State in Time, Place and Person. Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS were used to analyse the data. We reported frequencies and proportions; cross-tabulations and chi-square tests were used to find associations between variables. Results: A total of 13974 suspected cases of measles were line-listed between January 2010 and June 2016. Overall, 11008 (78.8%) were below five years, and 7421 (53.1%) were males. A majority, 12896 (92%), of the suspected measles cases were reported in the first half of each year of evaluation. Gwadabawa Local Government Area (LGA) recorded the highest measles cases, 1881 (14%). Ten thousand and twenty-seven (71.8%) of suspected measles cases did not receive the measles vaccine. The overall Case Fatality Rate (CFR) was 0.9%. However, Bodinga LGA had the highest CFR of 4%. Only 605(4%) suspected measles cases were tested for Measles IgM. One hundred and twenty-five (0.9%) deaths were recorded. Factors significantly associated with deaths are measles vaccination status (p = 0.001) and admission status (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is the persistence of measles over the period affecting primarily children below five years with a low CFR. However, a majority of the children did not receive their measles vaccine. Based on this finding, measles will remain a public health problem unless significant efforts are put into place to increase vaccination coverage.
Studies on the Antiulcer Activity of the Chloroform Fraction of Balanites aegyptiaca Stem Bark Extract
Authors: J. Ugwah-Oguejiofor Chinenye , M. Ugwah Oguejiofor , U. Etuk Emmanuel , O. Bello Shuaibu , A. Aliero Adamu
Published: August 2021

Background: Balanites aegyptiaca L. Delile (Zygophyllaceae) is a perennial tree found mostly in the desert environments. Decoctions of its stem barks are used traditionally in northern Nigeria to treat wounds, ulcers and stomach ailments. Other ethnomedicinal uses include: treatment of malaria, pain and fever. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiulcer activity of the chloroform stem bark extract of Balanites aegyptiaca in Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Acute toxicity study on the chloroform fraction of the stem bark extract of Balanites aegyptiaca was carried out using the OECD 425 guidelines at a limit dose of 3000 mg/kg. Phytochemical analysis of the fraction was carried out to detect the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates, saponins and glycosides using standard procedures. The antiulcer activity of the fraction was evaluated in ethanol and indomethacin-induced ulcer models in rats. Rats were allotted into five groups (n=5). Group 1 received 10% Tween 20 (1 ml/kg), group 2 received standard drug, omeprazole (20 mg/kg), and groups 3-5 were the extract groups and received 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o. respectively of the chloroform fraction of Balanites aegyptiaca. The mean ulcer indices were assessed and the percentage ulcer inhibition calculated. Results: At the limit dose of 3000 mg/kg the fraction of Balanites aegyptiaca did not produce any mortality or observable signs of toxicity in the rats. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins and steroids. The fraction at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction in mean ulcer indices in the ethanol and indomethacin-induced ulcer models when compared to the control. Conclusion: Our study showed that the chloroform fraction of the stem bark extract of Balanites aegyptiaca possesses antiulcer activities. Further studies are needed to isolate the active constituents.
Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus Colonization among Pregnant Women and Feto-Maternal Outcomes in a Tertiary Health Institution, North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim UA , Panti AA , Mohammed Y , Tunau KA , Adamu A , Adamu NA , Diyo SA
Published: August 2021

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection is a major cause of bacterial infections in the peri-natal period. These include amnionitis, urinary tract infections and endometritis. At birth, 50-60% of the neonates born to colonized mothers have positive cultures taken from mucus membranes and the skin. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine prevalence of GBS colonization and compare the maternal and perinatal outcomes among GBS positive and GBS negative women within 7 days postpartum. Methodology: This was a longitudinal study among pregnant women between 35-37 weeks gestation attending antenatal clinic at Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Vaginal and rectal swabs were taken from the participants and cultured for growth of Group B Streptococcus within 24 hours. The participants were followed up to 7 days post-delivery with their newborns to determine the maternal and early neonatal outcomes. Results: One hundred and eighty five (185) women were recruited and 159 (85.9%) participants were available for follow-up to determining feto-maternal outcomes. Among the participants, 3.8% (7) had GBS vaginal colonization. There was no single case of early neonatal infection, intensive neonatal resuscitation nor neonatal mortality among both GBS positive and GBS negative women. Conclusion: It has been found that the prevalence of maternal GBS colonization during pregnancy was low and neither GBS colonization nor GBS non-colonization was associated with poor maternal or poor fetal outcomes.
The efficacy of oral myofunctional and coarticulation therapy
Authors: Umberger Forest , Johnston Robert
Published: August 2021

Summary: The authors have attempted to summarize the current state of knowledge about the relationships between oral myofunctional therapy and articulation therapy. Considerable evidence has been obtained that indicates that oral myofunctional therapy techniques can improve articulation of sibilant sounds. These findings present an optimistic direction for future research and successful use of myofunctional therapy and coarticulation. There remains the need for clinical practitioners and laboratory scientists to continue to investigate the commonalities and differences of oral myofunctional and articulation disorders. We have suggested that the SLP can use techniques that are fundamentally sound for modifying both biological and articulatory behaviors. The use of coarticulation assessment and intervention processes combined with oral myofunctional retraining can coexist in a program designed to retract the resting and ballistic movements of the tongue.
Interprofessional Collaboration in Reintegration After Prison for Prisoners with Substance Abuse Issues: A Scoping Review
Authors: Larsen Bjørn Kjetil , Dale Karl Yngvar , Ødegård Atle
Published: August 2021

Reintegration after prison for prisoners with interlinked welfare needs has been one of the most challenging issues for decades in the criminal justice system. The WHO and the UN highlight the demand for well-functioning collaboration between professionals and welfare agencies handling these challenges. However, interprofessional collaboration has been an underdeveloped field of research and theory, especially concerning prisoners with substance abuse issues. The present study undertakes a scoping review of research on interprofessional collaboration in reintegration after prison for prisoners with substance abuse issues, particularly identifying factors that influence collaboration. Nineteen included studies from the USA, the U.K., Australia, and Norway show that relational and structural factors influence collaboration and that innovative projects are perceived as improving collaboration. A tentative conceptual model of factors that influence collaboration is presented and may serve as a basis for reflection and further development of a theoretical framework within the field of research.
Pengaruh Kompetensi, Motivasi Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pustakawan Pengadilan Agama di Sulawesi Selatan dan Barat
Authors: Anniswaty Hafid  , Salim Basalamah  , Noer Jihad Saleh
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi, motivasi kerja, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja tenaga perpustakaan di Sulawesi Selatan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini pustakawan Pengadilan Agama di Sulawesi Selatan Barat dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 56 orang. Metode dalam pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, kuisioner dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif dan metode kuantitatif yaitu dengan analisis regresi linier berganda yang digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh kompetensi, motivasi kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pustakawan Pengadilan Agama di Sulawesi Selatan/Barat. Berdasarkan uji F variabel bebas (kompetensi, motivasi kerja dan lingkungan kerja) secara bersama-sama memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel terikat (kinerja pustakawan). Melalui pengujian koefisien korelasi (R) diperoleh bahwa korelasi atau hubungan antara kompetensi, motivasi kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pustakawan sebesar 58,7% dan lingkungan kerja merupakan faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kinerja pustakawan Pengadilan Agama di Sulawesi Selatan/Barat.
منحى مسرحة المناهج في العالم العربي بين الواقع والمأمول
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد في قسم الدراسات المساندة، عمادة الدراسات المساندة، كليات الأصالة بالدمام، المملكة العربية السعودية, الناصر محمد
Published: August 2021

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد أهمية منحى مسرحة المناهج من خلال استقصاء الأدب التربوي والدراسات التي أوضحت ذلك، وواقع هذا المنحى في الدول العربية من خلال مراجعة الأدب التربوي والدراسات المتعلقة به، ثم بيان التطوير المأمول من خلال مراجعة الأدب التربوي والدراسات المتعلقة بالمسرحة، وتحليلها، ووضع تصور مقترح من قبل الباحث لتطوير هذا المنحى. أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أهمية منحى مسرحة المناهج في تطوير التحصيل الدراسي للطلاب، ودافعيتهم، وقيمهم، وسلوكهم، ومهاراتهم الدراسية والحياتية، وأن واقع منحى مسرحة المناهج متراجع في العالم العربي للأسباب التالية : ضعف التمويل، وسوء التخطيط، وتدني الإمكانات المادية للتطبيق، وضيق الوقت على تطبيق هذا المنحى، وقلة البرامج التدريبية المتعلقة بتطبيقه، وقلة التشريعات والأنظمة المتعلقة بتطبيقه، وأشارت النتائج كذلك إلى أن اتجاهات المعلمين إيجابية لتطبيق منحى مسرحة المناهج، واستناداً إلى هذه النتائج أوصى الباحث بتوفير متطلبات تطبيق هذا المنحى في المدارس والمؤسسات التعليمية في العالم العربي، وتطوير هذا المنحى على مستويات : التخطيط والتنفيذ والتطبيق، وإجراء دراسات متنوعة تهدف إلى تشخيص واقع تطبيق هذا المنحى، وتطويره في العالم العربي.
أثر القواعد الأصولية اللغوية في التفسير عند أبي بكر بن العربي المعافري
Authors:   دكتوراه في الدراسات الإسلامية، كلية الآداب، جامعة المولى إسماعيل، أستاذ بأكاديمية فاس، مكناس، المملكة المغربية, السراوي حميد
Published: August 2021

من التفاسير التي اعتنت بأصول الفقه كتاب: "أحكام القران" لأبي بكر بن العربي المعافري، فقد وظف القواعد الأصولية في بيان المعاني واستنباط الأحكام الشرعية وترجيح الأقوال الفقهية، ولا يخفى على الباحث مكانة ابن العربي العلمية، حيث تفوق في عدد مهم من العلوم، وبلغ رتبة عالية في الاجتهاد، ومؤلفاته التي تركها خير شاهد على ذلك. لذلك كان اختيار هذا الموضوع:"أثر القواعد الأصولية اللغوية في التفسير عند ابن العربي المعافري" محاولة لبيان علاقة أصول الفقه بالتفسير عموما، ثم لبيان طرق إعمال القواعد الأصولية في التفسير على وجه الخصوص. - لقد بينت هذه الدراسة أهمية القواعد الأصولية اللغوية في بيان معاني الآيات القرآنية وترجيح الأقوال الفقهية، وكذلك أهميتها في استنباط الأحكام الشرعية الموافقة لقواعد اللغة ومقاصد الشريعة. - أبرزت الدراسة شخصية ابن العربي المعافري الأصولية، التي تميزت بعمقها الأصولي وقدرتها على اختيار الأقوال الفقهية والدفاع عنها، انطلاقا من المذهب المالكي، وذلك بتوظيف القواعد الأصولية اللغوية. - وسعت القواعد الأصولية اللغوية المعاني لتشمل وتعم باقي وجوه التفسير المقبولة دون إهمالها.
نحو استراتيجية للمسؤولية الاجتماعية في القطاع العام (دراسة ميدانية في دولة قطر)
Authors:   ماجستير في الإدارة العامة، مسار التنمية الإدارية، كلية الإدارة العامة واقتصاديات التنمية، معهد الدوحة للدراسات العليا، دولة قطر, الشهراني فاطمة , الصحن فريد ,   بروفيسور في التعليم، عضو هيئة تدريس في كلية الإدارة العامة واقتصاديات التنمية، معهد الدوحة للدراسات العليا، دولة قطر
Published: August 2021

تهدف هذه الدراسة لتأطير ملامح رئيسية لاستراتيجية مقترحة خاصة بالمسؤولية الاجتماعية في القطاع العام القطري. بالنظر إلى أنه لا يوجد نظام موحد للتطبيق فتتفاوت مساهمة المؤسسات في هذا الجانب وحيث أن البعض يهمشه بشكل كلي، لذلك كان لابد من وضع رؤية مبدئية لتقديم حدود استراتيجية مقترحة لمشاركة المؤسسات ضمن حدود المسؤولية الاجتماعية بجوانبها الثلاث: اتجاه العاملين، اتجاه البيئة، واتجاه المجتمع. وحيث أن هذه الدراسة ستساعد الحكومة القطرية بالوصول إلى تنمية مستدامة وتحقيق رؤيتها بشكل فعال بركائزها الأربع. اتبعت هذه الدراسة المنهج الكمي من خلال التطبيق الميداني. حيث قامت الباحثة بتوزيع استبيان إلكتروني بطريقة كرة الثلج على موظفي الحكومة القطرية من خلال وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي. تم تحديد حجم العينة ليبلغ (384) مفردة، ولكن تم استرداد عدد (133) استبانة فقط، منها (131) قابلة للتحليل بنسبة استجابة بلغت 35%. تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية SPSS ورسوم بيانية توضح إجابات العينة على أسئلة الاستبيان. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن هناك وعي وإدراك للموظفين العموميين بأهمية مفهوم المسؤولية الاجتماعية في القطاع العام، إلا أن هناك ضعف للمبادرات الاجتماعية للمؤسسات العامة في دولة قطر من وجهة نظر موظفيها المشاركين في الدراسة. ولتعزيز ذلك أيدّ المشاركون بأنه لابد من ربط هذا المفهوم بعملية التخطيط الاستراتيجي بصفة تلزم المؤسسات العامة بتقديم مساهمات فعالة أكثر ضمن خطة زمنية واضحة.
قلق المرض وعلاقته بالتوجه نحو الحياة لدى عينة من مصابي كورونا
Authors:   ماجستير علم نفس، كلية العلوم الاجتماعية، جامعة نايف العربية للعلوم الأمنية، المملكة العربية السعودية, الشهراني سعد
Published: August 2021

لقد تغير حال البشر في الآونة الأخيرة خاصة مع انتشار جائحة كورونا وازدادت المشكلات النفسية خاصة المصابين بالمرض الذين لا يعلمون كيف سوف يواجهونه، فيتولد لديهم الخوف والقلق فغنهم قد وجدوا أنفسهم أمام تحدي كبير نفسي وجسدي دون سابقة إنذار، وأثبتت هذه الدراسة أن المصابين بالمرض هم أكثر الناس الذين قل مستوى رضاهم عن الحياة، حيث استهدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى العلاقة بين قلق المرض والتوجه نحو الحياة لدى عينة من مصابي كورونا في المملكة العربية السعودية، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي (الأسلوب الارتباطي) وكانت العينة (92) مفردة من مصابي فايروس كورونا وتشكلت أداة الدراسة من مقياسين: مقياس قلق المرض من إعداد الباحث ومقياس التوجه نحو الحياة من إعداد شاير كافر، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج وهي: أن درجة توافر قلق المرض لدى عينة مصابي فايروس كورونا جاءت بدرجة 68.13%، وكان مستوى توافر التوجه نحو الحياة لدى مصابي فايروس كورونا بدرجة 71%، كما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية عكسية بين درجة توافر قلق المرض ومستوى التوجه نحو الحياة، وعليه أوصت الدراسة بمجموعة من النتائج من أهمها: عقد ورش عمل تدعم الإرشاد الديني، بحيث تعزز الشعور بالأمل والرضا لدى مرضى مصابي كورونا، واستثمار التقنيات الرقمية في إرشاد مرضى كورونا للحد من قلق المرض ودعم التوجه نحو الحياة.
تطبيق Nearpod لتصميم حصص الكتابة الإبداعية
Authors:   دكتوراه قسم فلسفة التعليم، كلية التربية، جامعة العلوم الإسلامية الماليزية، ماليزيا, سعادة رنا , بنت محمد يوسلينا ,   أستاذ مشارك، جامعة العلوم الإسلامية الماليزية، ماليزيا
Published: August 2021

تعد الكتابة الإبداعية من المهارات الكبرى التي تظهر مدى تمكن الطالب من اللغة، ومدى امتلاكه لمهاراتها، وقدرته على توظيف المفردات والعبارات والأساليب بطريقة إبداعية غير مسبوقة، بمعنى أنها غير تقليدية وغير مكررة. ومع التقدم التقني وظروف العصر الراهن التي فرضت على المنظومة التعليمية انتهاج "التعلم عن بعد" وسيلةً ناجعةً لاستدامة التعلم، صار لزاما على المعلم أن يتعامل مع التكنولوجيا بشكل إبداعي لكي يصبح تعلم مهارات اللغة مقترنا بما يراه الطالب أو يبحث عنه أو يقرؤه إلكترونيا. لذا تهدف هذه الدراسة النوعية إلى استعراض تطبيق Nearpod وإبراز دوره في متابعة الطلاب في حصة الكتابة الإبداعية؛ وذلك من خلال التعريف بالكتابة وأهم مهاراتها والحديث عن دور التكنولوجيا الرقمية في مساندة حصص الكتابة الإلكترونية، وتحليل محتوي تطبيقNearpod وتوصيف كيفية تصميم الحصص الدراسية عليه، الوقوف على المهارات التي يخدمها التطبيق في مجال الكتابة الإبداعية وتنمية مهاراتها.
الثقافة التنظيمية وعلاقتها بالسلوك التنظيمي
Authors:   طالبة دكتوراه، علوم الاقتصاد والتسيير، بجامعة محمد الأول، وجدة، المملكة المغربية, الواكد لينا , العطار عبد الإله ,   جامعة محمد الأول، وجدة، المملكة المغربية
Published: August 2021

الثقافة التنظيمية في المنظمات تشمل على العديد من القيم والأخلاقيات وهي خصائص لها تأثير كبير في سلوكيات الموظفين والادارة، وبهدف معرفة ماهية الثقافة التنظيمية وتفسير وشرح عوامل بناء الثقافة التنظيمية داخل الشركات وأهميتها للقادة والمديرين وبيان العلاقة بين الثقافة التنظيمية والسلوك التنظيمي بالتطبيق على موظفي ومشرفي ومديري من شركات المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية عبر استبيان الكتروني. أما عن مشكلة البحث فكانت أن الولاء التنظيمي والالتزام الوظيفي أصبح معدوم اليوم في أغلب شركات المملكة الأردنية وهذا ما يعاني منه معظم القادة وهو غياب الثقافة التنظيمية لدى العاملين والموظفين، تكمن اهمية البحث في تناول كافة المواضيع بالنسبة لعينة البحث والتي من المؤكد أنه لن تخطر في ذهن المتعمقين في الادارة والقيادة وأيضا حاجة المجتمعات لمثل هذه الدراسة لزيادة الوعي التنظيمي والثقافة التنظيمية. فكانت عينة عشوائية من موظفي ومديري شركات أردنية لقياس مدى علاقة الثقافة التنظيمية بالسلوك التنظيمي. وعن النتائج التي توصل البحث لها فكانت: الثقافة التنظيمية القوية تعمل على الوحدة التنظيمية ولا تسمح بتعدد ثقافات فرعية متباينة لأنه إذا لم تثق الثقافات الفرعية المتعددة الموجودة في المنظمة ببعضها البعض، وأنَّ الثقافة والفكر التنظيمي يساند التوافق والتواؤم والانتماء بالشكل الذي يؤكد على تواصل الجماعة وامكانياتها وجودتها في إيجاد حلول للمشاكل التي تواجهها واستعمال اساليب واليات من أجل التصدي للعراقيل التي تعترض طريقها وهي تكون متباينة ما بين مؤسسة لمؤسسة أخرى.
Comprehensive overview on Bacillus subtilis antibacterial metabolites production
Authors: Umar Jahanara , Mazhar Sumaira
Published: August 2021

Over the last 70 years, Food processors and the plant protection sector have both benefited from Bacillus subtilis. Their capacity to manufacture endospores for survival, as well as a multitude of antimicrobial substances has piqued industrial interest in areas such as food preservation, medicinal agents, and biopesticides. In light of the growing trend of food healing and the protection of bacterial plants, this review suggests a holistic approach to visualizing the antimicrobial screen described in Group B. This review aims to make easy and updated classification of antimicrobial metabolites in group B. subtilis, its complex phylogeny that tends to perpetuate development.
An evaluation and comparison of the height and mass of the top 250 ATP players
Authors: Leiting Keith
Published: August 2021

Elite level tennis performance requires perfect skill and highly developed physiological characteristics. Very little research focuses on the physical characteristics of elite level tennis. This evaluation of height and mass suggests that both variables are, on average, larger the closer a player gets to the number one ranking. This suggests that physical characteristics may influence elite level tennis performance.
Coping with emotional labour in tennis coaching
Authors: Buscombe Richard , Shone G , Preston A , Crespo Miguel
Published: August 2021

Viewed through the lens of ‘emotional labour’ this paper discusses situations in the tennis coach’s daily schedule that may lead to perceptions of increased stress and burnout. Resulting from interviews with experienced coaches, our findings revealed; (1) Responsibility; (2) Impression Management; (3) Communication to describe the primary antecedents, response and coping strategies employed by coaches to mitigate against the maladaptive outcomes associated with emotional labour.
Should players serve using the foot-up or foot-back technique?
Authors: Martin Caroline
Published: August 2021

In this article, two stance techniques used when serving, the foot-up and foot-back technique, will be analysed and the effects, practical tips and recommendations for each will be detailed for a variety of game styles and tactical intentions.
The Intervention and Re-Evaluation of Gender Disparity by Women Characters in Macgoye Oludhe’s Novel Coming to Birth
Authors: Barasa Violet Nasambu
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the strategies employed by female characters to re-evaluate gender disparity in Macgoye’s novel Coming to birth. Despite the different structures put in place to limit women’s access to opportunities, the female characters in Coming to birth device ways out of such limitations thereby attaining some agency. Gender inequality is a phenomenon that has been in existence from time immemorial. In most societies across the world, gender inequality is entrenched in its social, cultural, political, historical and economical spheres that inform the workings of particular institutions. I also hasten to add that the manifestation of gender disparity varies from one region to another and therefore by analysis and discussion is largely informed by the primary text and relevant secondary sources consulted.
Culture as an Impediment to Socio-Economic Development in Henry Ole Kulet’s Blossoms of the Savannah
Authors: Barasa Violet Nasambu
Published: August 2021

This paper examines how Maasai traditional cultural practices and beliefs in Ole Kulet‘s novel Blossoms of the Savannah hinder socio-economic development. The cultural practices that incumber socio-economic progress has implication on both the immediate Maasai community (as illustrated through Nasila village) and the society at large. In most societies in Africa, traditional and cultural practices inform and influence the daily experiences and behavior of its people. Early marriages and female genital mutilation are practiced in a number of communities across the African continent in countries such as Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Guinea among others. One of this communities is the Maasai community in Kenya which is the physical setting of Blossoms of the savannah. Some traditional practices among the Maasai are detrimental as is evident in the long-term impact on the psychological, physical and the general wellbeing of its members. This paper focuses on the intertwinement of early marriages, female genital mutilation (FGM), and patriarchy and how they impact the socio-economic development in the society. Early marriages and female genital mutilation practices are socio-economically retrogressive in a 21st century society. These traditional practices and customs have roots in the social, cultural, economic, historical and political discourse encapsulated within the patriarchal structures and realized through gender inequality. This paper therefore focuses on how the traditional practices impede the realization of development in the Maasai community as advanced in Blossoms of the Savannah.
Perception of Self-care and Self-care Practice of Diabetic Patients Attending Selected Hospitals in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: M.A. Aina , C.O. Agbede
Published: August 2021

Patients with diabetes require continuous self-care practice as poor self-care results in complications. This study assessed the perception of self-care and self-care practice of diabetic patients attending selected hospitals in Oyo State, Nigeria. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was employed and a total of 120 diabetic patients were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interview administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The collected data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23 to generate descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential (Chi-square and correlation) statistics. The respondents had a mean perception score of 30.68±7.56. Majority 113(94.2%) of the respondents had poor self-care practices. Respondents’ perception was significantly correlate with patient physical activity (r= 0.184; p=0.004); healthy eating (r=-0.24; p= 0.026); glucose monitoring (r=0.319; p=0.000); compliance with medication (r= 0.438; p = 0.00); risk reduction (r= 0.229; p=0.012) However, patient perception is not correlated with foot care (r= 0.052; p=0.575). Patient’s perception of diabetes is a key determinant of self-care. It is recommended that psycho cognitive interventions are developed to help patients practice the recommended self-care practices.
Development, Formulation and Evaluation of Sustain Release Dispersible Tablet of Ornidazole
Authors: Kumar Thakur Abhishek , Gupta Naveen , Singh Rajput Dharmendra , Sharma Neeraj
Published: August 2021

This Present research with dispersible tablet can compromise the efficacy and safety of the treatment to children’s and geriatric patients with masking the bitter taste of drug and developing its dispersible tablet. The purpose of this research work was to develop Dispersible tablet of Ornidazole by masking the bitter taste. Tablet containing drug and excipients were prepared by direct compression method. Excipients in combinations were incorporated to achieve the aim. Effect of different combinations was studied to optimize the ideal formulation. Drug excipients interaction studies were carried out by FTIR spectral analysis. The tablets were evaluated for their hardness, wetting time, disintegrating time and dissolution parameters. It was concluded that the tablets having the combination of Dried Mucilage (obtained from dried seeds of ocimum bacilicum) and Sodium starch glycolate met all the evaluation parameters and thus selected as the optimized formulation. Optimized formulation was undergone for stability testing as a parameter to predict the shelf life as per ICH guidelines and proved for its adequate shelf life.
Formulation Design and In-vitro Characterization of Docetaxel Cubosomes for Gastric Cancer therapy
Authors: Kumar P. Rajesh , Nayak M. Ravinder , Rao A. Srinivasa
Published: August 2021

Cubosomes are altered cubic phase systems, which are emerging as promising drug delivery system for the delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Docetaxel is an antineoplastic agent that has a unique mechanism of action as an inhibitor of cellular mitosis and that currently plays a central role in the therapy of many solid tumors including breast and lung cancer. Docetaxel in the form of cubosomes. The main aim of present research was to encapsulate, Docetaxel in cubosomes for sustained drug release. Docetaxel loaded cubosomes were prepared by Bottom-Up Method technique using Glyceryl Mono Oleate and pluronic F-127 and Pluronic F68 in different ratios. The prepared formulations were subjected to evaluation studies for excipient compatibility, particle size, drug content, entrapment efficiency and In vitro drug release. The maximum entrapment efficiency was found as 90.15% with, and In vitro drug release as 99.37%. Stability studies were also conducted for the formulations as per protocol mentioned in ICH guidelines. These results suggest that the cubosomal formulation F4 is suitable for the delivery of Docetaxel.
An Assessment of Olmesartan Medoxomil Tablet by Inclusion Complex Technique
Authors: Sarangi Deepak , Mallick Subhashree , Ara Anjum , Kumar Sahoo Sanjeeb , Rana Rabinarayan
Published: August 2021

Olmesartan Medoxomil is an AT1 subtype selected angiotensin-II receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of hypertension. It has low water solubility, so the current effort is being made to enhance the solubility of the Olmesartan by inclusion complex and to incorporate them into tablets by direct compression. Complexing agent like Beta cyclodextrin and polyvinyalpyrrolidone has been used for complexation method. FT-IR studies have shown that there is no link between drugs and complexing agents. Among all methods, the inclusion complex (OLBCD 3) containing the drug: Beta cyclodextrin in a 1: 3 ratio showed rapid drug release (87.41% within 30 minutes) and post compression parameters are within limits. All the values obtained from pre compression and post compression parameters meets the legal requirements for tablets. Stability studies of batch no OLBCD 3 shows no significant change. Therefore, it can be concluded that the structure was stable.
Optimization and development of orodispersible films for ledipasvir and sofosbuvir through solid dispersion using Box-Behnken design
Authors: Kumar Thummala Uday , Maddi Eswar Guptha , Rani Avula Prameela
Published: August 2021

The fixed dose combination of ledipasvir (LDV) and sofosbuvir (SBV) is approved by USFDA in 2014 for the treatment of Hepatitis C virus infection and is available in the form of tablets. In the present work, the principal aim is to explore orodispersible films type dosage form to impart its characteristic advantages to these poorly soluble drugs so as to improve their bioavailability and ease of administration. Solid dispersions with low viscosity grade methyl cellulose A 15-LV (MC A 15-LV) at different ratios with LDV and SBV were prepared and evaluated to check their ability in improving the solubility of the drugs. The best drug to polymer ratio was selected to develop the films, using other excipients including plasticizer and superdisintegrant. Solvent casting method was used to develop the films. Three formulation parameters were selected as independent factors viz. thickness of the film (50-150 µm), concentration of superdisintegrant (sodium starch glycolate 6-10%) and concentration of plasticizer (polyethylene glycol 400, 10-20%). Disintegration time (DT), time for 90% dissolution (T90%) of LDV and time for 90% dissolution of SBV were taken as the response variables. The experiment was designed using Box-Behnken design. Among the polymers, MC A 15-LV produced maximum solubility at 1:2 ratio. The films obtained were found to have good tensile strength and % elongation with disintegration times in the range of 43-162 sec. The T90% values for LDV and SDV were found to be in the range of 8.4-21.2 min and 7.2-18.4 respectively. All the three formulation factors were found to have significant effect on the three responses. The optimum formulation was identified at 100 µm thickness, 10% superdisintegrant and 20% plasticizer which showed DT of 89 sec with T90% values of 8.4 min and 7.2 min for LDV and SBV respectively. The rapid disintegration and dissolution of the films signified that the set objective was achieved.
Review on Drug Waste Management
Authors: Mankar S. D. , Kawade Madhuri , Parjane Shraddha
Published: August 2021

Drug waste management is the alarming issue nowadays so provide more awareness from healthcare professionals and drug receiver. The pharmacist are in the admirable position to aware people about safe medication disposal. The safe medication disposal awareness in society leads to the sufficient good differences in public health and surroundings. the knowledge of the safe drug disposal is equally important that consumption of the medicines. The easiest solution to the drug pollution is to disposal of medicines properly. The aim of this review is the government have to maintain the drug disposal methods on the label of drugs and dosage forms. The collection of the drug is easier and they can authorize the collection in the take back program. The Indian government have to authorized the drug collection sites and registered business or various authorization for the collection of the drug safely, they also have to organize the various types of events like drug take back awareness events, awareness programs on the need of proper drug disposal and its conditions. The drug waste contains the expired and non-expired drugs.
Technologies in Bilayer Tablet Manufacturing: A Review
Authors: Patil Mayuri B. , Salve Priyanka M. , Sonawane Shital V. , Maru Avish D. , Bhadane Jayshree S. , Surawase Rajendra K.
Published: August 2021

Bilayer tablet is a recent time for the successful development of controlled release formulation along with various quality to provide a way of the successful drug delivery system. Over the past 30 years stated that the cost and complications involved in marketing new drug entities have increased, with consequent recognition of therapeutic advantages of controlled drug delivery, greater attention has been concentration on development of sustained or controlled release drug delivery systems. Bilayer tablet it is used in the different aspect for anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Bilayer tablet incidental release of two drugs in combination, separate two incompatible substance and also for sustained release tablet in which one layer is immediate release as initial dose and second layer is maintenance dose. Bilayer tablet is enhancing beneficial technology to control the shortcoming of the single layered tablet. There is various application used in the bilayer tablets.
An Informative Review on screening of COVID-19 (SARS-COVID-II)
Authors: Raytthatha Nensi , Shah Isha , Vyas Jigar , Upadhyay Umesh
Published: August 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and pathogenic coronavirus that emerged in late 2019 and has caused a pandemic of acute respiratory disease, named ‘coronavirus disease 2019’ (COVID-19), which threatens human health and public safety. The disease caused by SARS‐CoV‐2, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), presents flu‐like symptoms which can become serious in high‐risk individuals. During the early phase of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, design, development, validation, verification and implementation of diagnostic tests were actively conveyed by a large number of diagnostic test manufacturers. In this Review, we give an outline of the crucial role of diagnostic tests during the first world-wide indication of COVID-19. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) and its associated coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has demanded rapid up scaling of in-vitro diagnostic assays to enable mass screening and testing of high-risk groups. To encounter the exponential demand in testing, there has been an expedite development of both molecular and serological assays across a superfluity of manifestos. The adjacent review discusses the current information on these modalities, including nucleic acid amplification tests, direct viral antigen tests. In the analytic stage, real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays remain the molecular test of choice for the etiologic diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
Design, Formulation and Characterization of Microspheres containing Mesalamine for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Patel Deepak , Kumar Shah Sunil , Kishore Tyagi Chandra
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the present study was to prepare, characterize and evaluate the colon-targeted microspheres of mesalamine for the treatment and management of ulcerative colitis (UC). Microspheres were prepared by the ionic-gelation emulsification method using tripolyphosphate (TPP) as cross linking agent. The microspheres were coated with Eudragit S-100 by the solvent evaporation technique to prevent drug release in the stomach. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, micromeritic properties and in-vitro drug release. The microspheres formed had rough surface as observed in scanning electron microscopy. The entrapment efficiency of microspheres ranged from 43.72% - 82.27%, drug loading from 20.28% - 33.26%. The size of the prepared microspheres ranged between 61.22-90.41μm which was found to increase with increase in polymer concentration. All values are statistically significant as p<0.05. The release profile of mesalamine from eudragit-coated chitosan micro-spheres was found to be pH dependent. It was observed that Eudragit S100 coated chitosan microspheres gave no release in the simulated gastric fluid, negligible release in the simulated intestinal fluid and maximum release in the colonic environment. It was concluded from the study that Eudragit-coated chitosan microspheres were promising carriers for colon-targeted delivery of Mesalamine.
Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical, Physico-chemical Standardization of Casuarina equisetifolia Stem-Inner bark
Authors: Pawar Archana R. , Rao Priya S. , Vikhe Dattaprasad N.
Published: August 2021

Over three thousand years in India, the Ayurvedic system of medicine has been in use. The phytomedicine, which is modernized method of formulating different kinds of herbal medicines, has yielded a new herbal product as well as new system of herbal medicine. The plant Casuarina equisetifolia is evergreen tree; belongs to family Casuarinaceae generally, attain height up to 50 m, introduced into India. The presence of different chemical constituents responsible for pharmacological activity such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, Anti-histaminic, Wound healing. This research article highlighted Pharmacognostic account as well as physico-chemical evaluation, which shows how it will effective in the treatment of disease and disorder using herbal medicine. In addition to that, the Stem-inner bark of Casuarina equisetifolia is phytochemically evaluated using three different extract of Casuarina equisetifolia such as Methanol, Ethanol and Aqueous extract to show which secondary metabolites are present and result is that Methanol extract shows maximum Phenol, Tannin, flavonoid and Terpenoid content followed by Ethanol extract and then aqueous extract so that one can conclude stem-inner bark of Casuarina equisetifolia responsible for different pharmacological activity.
A Review on Analytical Method for Determination of Venlafaxine HCl in Bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Dighe Swamini A , Siddheshwar Suhas S , Shinde Ganesh S
Published: August 2021

Venlafaxine HCl is one of the antidepressant agent which comes under the category of serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor i.e SNRI. This medication is usually used to treat major depressive disorder in adult. It may help to improve the mood and energy level and also to regain the interest in daily activities in the depressed person. The present review focus on various approaches for the analysis on Venlafaxine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The review represents the various analytical method like the RP-HPLC, HPTLC, UV Spectroscopy and Stability Indicating Methods which were used for the investigation of Venlafaxine in bulk and different dosage formulations.
Job Hopping Behavior among Coffee Shops Employees in Malaysia
Authors: Ghazali Hazrina , Hashim Zulaikha Hizreen , Ishak Maisarah
Published: August 2021

Job hopping behavior may have an adverse effect on both employers and employees. For the perspective of employee, there are many factors might influence an employee's decision to job hop including salary dissatisfaction or a better offer elsewhere. The issue of job hopping has been a serious concern for many organizations, and the coffee shops industry is no exception. Therefore, the goal of this research is to discover potential factors influencing to job hopping behavior among coffee shops employees, as well as the relationship of identified factors with job hopping. Job satisfaction, financial and perceived organizational support were the three factors investigated in this research. A total of 231 questionnaires were distributed to employees who are currently working in the coffee shops in Klang Valley area and 215 usable responses returned for a response rate of 93.1 percent. The collected data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) latest version. Results of the job satisfaction (mean= 3.5636), financial (m=3.5622) and perceived organization support (mean=3.5601) shows score lean towards agreement level. Additionally, findings showed that the correlation of all the variables were weak correlated. A multiple regression also was run to predict job hopping behaviour with the three independent variables. Results found that only 6.9% of variance in coffee shops’ employees was explained by job satisfaction, financial and perceived organization support (R² = .069). Even though the findings of this research found that these three variables did not have a direct impact on coffee shop employees' decision to job hop, the findings may provide some guidance and alert coffee shop owners or managers to the importance of these three variables in the coffee shops industry in order to minimize job hopping and will be discussed further in this paper.
Awareness and Determinants of Telemedicine Adoption at Ga West District of Ghana
Authors: Hyde-Quartey Linda , Hao Chen , Adomako-Gyasi Priscilla , Ahoto Ahotovi Thomas
Published: August 2021

The need to have regular visitation to the hospital or be in the physical presence of healthcare professionals for treatment is gradually reducing. By the advancement in technology, an individual can receive treatment from the doctor or other health information through telemedicine. Telemedicine has gain ground in developed nations with many developing countries trying the adoption in practice. This study is a quantitative study that uses the question to collect data from respondents within the Ga West District in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. A total of 226 respondents were involved in the study. The study aimed to measure the level of awareness about telemedicine among people living in the district, factors that influence the adoption of telemedicine and barriers preventing adoption. The findings indicated that there was a high level of awareness about telemedicine among the respondents with most of them knowing what telemedicine is. Adoption was also influenced by a reduction in treatment when use telemedicine, prevention of overcrowding at hospitals and the taken away of time wasted at the hospital. It was also determined that poor internet connectivity and high cost of data were the significant barriers impeding the adoption of telemedicine among the district dwellers.
The Role of Brand Loyalty & Image Development Integrated with Brand Awareness, Service Quality, Product Strategy & Price Strategy: An Persfective Asia
Authors: Harlie M. , - Periyadi , Zulfikar Rizka , Permana Yudi
Published: August 2021

Loyalty consumers of a brand are a central part of sales, and it has forced a company in the form of goods & services to evaluate its performance. Thus, a company strives to always have customers who have high brand loyalty in order to remain excess in the competition. However, the implementation is not as easy as the implementation, the competition is very hard, still, sudden and unexpected at this time does not automatically leave the old pattern of service to consumers can be abandoned. This shows that most goods and service companies are internally slow in implementing sales theory which results in loyal customers still far from expectations. This study aims to examine how factors such as brand awareness, service quality, product strategy and price strategy affect corporate image and brand loyalty of corporate organizations in the form of goods & services located in developing countries. The findings from the structural equation model analysis tested by end users consisting of 187 (one hundred and eighty seven) selected consumers in Eastern Indonesia prove that the application of sales theory in terms of brand awareness, service quality, product strategy and price strategy has a significant & positive impact on image, company and brand loyalty. This research underlies the importance of having a customer base that has high brand loyalty which can increase trade, attract new customers and the company quickly responds to competitors' movements for other evaluations and for future competitive advantages.