bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Earthquake Swarms in Southern Hispaniola Revealed by Spatiotemporal Evolution of Seismicity from Multi-Station Template Matching
Authors: Lee Hsin-Yu , Douilly Roby
Published: December 2022

Earthquake swarms have provided useful insights into driving mechanisms for triggered earthquakes. However, a majority of earthquake swarms consist of microseismicity in which observations sometimes are limited because of detection ability. Here, we apply a multi-station template matching technique to two temporary seismic networks and investigate microseismicity in southern Hispaniola. We detect a total of 6065 and 1366 new events for the 2010 and 2013–2014 datasets, respectively, using templates from pre-existing catalogs. The magnitude of completeness (Mc) of our updated catalogs drops from 1.7 to 1.2 and from 2.2 to 1.4 for the 2010 and 2013–2014, respectively, after combining new detections with the templates. With the improvement of seismic detections, the spatiotemporal distribution of the seismicity showcases three instances of earthquake swarms. The first one is located offshore on the Trois Baies fault, with over one thousand events triggered during mid-February to early March 2010, whereas the other one is distributed along the western Léogâne fault, which occurs within a day and shows many earthquakes with similar waveforms. The third one is found in the north of Lake Enriquillo in the Dominican Republic, which outlines a nearly vertical fault plane. Our updated earthquake catalogs and observations of these swarms provide necessary information for seismic hazard assessment in southern Hispaniola and will facilitate continued investigations of seismology in the area.
Una ausencia (no) justificada en la historiografía y los silencios del archivo: el beato don Bosco de Lodovico Pogliaghi (1929)
Authors: Martín García Ana
Published: December 2022

Se propone documentar la contribución de Lodovico Pogliaghi a la construcción iconográfica de don Bosco entre la beatificación y canonización. Contextualizar y, en cierto modo, (re)valorizar un retrato olvidado, pero no desconocido del Santo, que ha permanecido en los márgenes del archivo y de los discursos historiográficos oficiales e institucionales de los años ochenta hasta la actualidad.
Comparison of surgical and conservative treatment of shoulder instability after primary dislocation in patients over 45 years old
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Makovsky A.A. ,   Moscow Clinical Scientific Center of A.S. Loginov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zaytsev R.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dubrov V.E. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Introduction Shoulder dislocation is one of the most common shoulder injuries and occurs in all age groups. Methods for diagnosing and treatment of the middle and older age groups patients with acute injury currently remain open. Surgical treatment is usually applied only in cases of chronic instability. However, conservative treatment in cases with a missed rotator cuff tear leads to a dysfunction of the shoulder joint and can lead to the development of chronic pain and recurrent shoulder instability. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an algorithm for diagnosing the rotator cuff tear and to find the most optimal methods for its surgical correction. The purpose of the study was to compare the results of conservative and surgical treatment in patients of the middle and older age groups after traumatic dislocation of the shoulder, accompanied by rotator cuff tear. Materials and methods The study is based on a prospective analysis of examination and treatment of 114 patients with shoulder dislocation aged 18 to 89 years. Among all patients with rotator cuff tear, 19 patients were selected for conservative treatment and 24 patients for surgical refixation of the rotator cuff tendons. Results The result of treatment was assessed 12 months after the surgical operation or the injury using ULCA shoulder score, DASH and ASES. It was found the scores of patients who underwent surgery for rotator cuff tear were significantly better than in the patients treated conservatively. Conclusion Therefore, all patients of middle and older age groups with dislocation of the shoulder should be examined for the presence of rotator cuff tear. In case the rotator cuff is torn, surgical treatment is preferred over conservative treatment.
Associated applicance of artroscopic debridement and proximal fibular osteotomy at the treatment of patients with deformic artritis of knee
Authors:   Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Irismetov M.E. , Fozilov Kh.T. ,   Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Khakimov Sh.K. ,   Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Safarov N.B. ,   Bukhara branch of Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Care, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Published: December 2022

Introduction The problem of varus deformed knee joint osteoarthritis remains one of the actual topics of modern adult orthopedics. The use of many well-known methods of surgical interventions and arthroscopic technology are not rational in terms of restoring the biomechanical axis of the lower limb. The purpose of the research Analysis of the results of arthroscopic debridement and the use of proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO) in the treatment of varus deformed knee osteoarthritis. Materials and investigation methods Our study included a survey of 152 patients with deforming osteoarthritis of I-II-III degree and varus deformity of the knee joint, dividing them into 2 groups: Group I (control) consisted of 131 patients who underwent debridement of the articular surface. Group II (main) consisted of 19 patients with debridement and PFO developed in our clinic. The analysis of the achieved results was assessed on the basis of indicators of the KSS scale. Results The results of the surgery in both groups were reviewed comparatively at 1 year after surgery by KSS scale data with results: < 60 points – unsatisfactory; 60-69 points – satisfactory; 70-79 points – good; 80-100 points – rated very good. Conclusion The use of the KSS scale to assess the long-term results of treatment of patients with deformed osteoarthritis of the knee joint is optimal. The combined use of arthroscopic debridement with PFO allowed to increase the proportion of good results to 89 % versus 69 % of patients using arthroscopic debridement without PFO, as well as reduce the proportion of unsatisfactory results to “zero” versus 9 % of patients using arthroscopic debridement.
Influence of different methods of bone processing on bone mechanical properties
Authors:   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Antipov A.P. , Gordina E.M. ,   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Markov M.A. ,   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Bozhkova S.A. ,   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Introduction Bone graft is the best option to repair postsurgical bone defects. The biomaterial is highly adaptive, structurally dynamic, metabolically active and characterized by high strength. Standard preparation of grafts for implantation includes cleaning followed by deep freezing and sterilization. However, methods used for processing bone material and reagents can change the biomechanical properties of the bone. The purpose was to explore the effect of chemical purification and subsequent lyophilization on the mechanical strength of bone grafts in comparison with native fresh frozen bone. Material and methods Metaepiphyseal sections of a single level of one tibia of a single cattle were used to rule out the influence of the variable density of native bone obtained from different donors. The bone was cut into blocks with a hand saw. Three groups of samples formed depending on the processing method included freshly frozen native bone, bone purified by combined chemical and physical methods and bone purified by the same technique followed by lyophilization. Mechanical properties were measured by axial compression mode using a 1958U-10-1 strength machine. Statistical data analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test and the Lilliefors correction with statistical significance of differences assessed with one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA). Results The cross-sectional area of hand-made blocks was comparable. No decrease in bone strength below the baseline was recorded regardless of the method of bone processing. Purified bone blocks demonstrated maximum strength characteristics prior to lyophilization. The sample strength decreased after lyophilization and was higher as compared to freshly frozen native bone. No statistically significant differences in the maximum force applied and the cross-sectional area were recorded between groups of samples. Modulus of elasticity and relative deformation had statistically significant differences in the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Modern methods of bone processing were shown to maintain biomechanical properties of the bone and can be used in the form of bone blocks or chips and as a structural graft.
In vitro study of the antimicrobial activity of hydrogel-based matrices impregnated with antibiotics against the leading microorganisms of bone infection
Authors:   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tsiskarashvili A.V. ,   BIOORTHOTECH Research and Production Center, SKOLKOVO Innovation Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Melikova R.E. ,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pkhakadze T.Ya. ,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Artyukhov A.A. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sokorova N.V. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Purpose To evaluate the results of a comparative analysis of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of polymer hydrogels and PMMA impregnated with antibiotics against test cultures of the leading pathogens of bone infection. Materials and methods A comparative analysis of the antimicrobial activity of the polymer hydrogel and PMMA impregnated with antibiotics was carried out. The bactericidal efficacy and prolongation of action of the following microbe-antibiotic pairs were assessed: MSSA – gentamicin, MSSE – cefazolin, MRSA and MRSE – vancomycin, A. baumannii – tobramycin. The duration of the study is 7 days. Statistical comparison of groups was carried out using the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests; the median and 95 % CI were used to describe the data. Results The obtained indicators of the zone of inhibition of the growth of microorganisms around the polymer hydrogel were several times higher than the results of PMMA (p < 0.05 for all periods). The antimicrobial activity of hydrogels in all cases lasted more than 7 days. Hydrogels impregnated with vancomycin showed the lowest rate of contraction of the inhibition zone. The best antimicrobial effect was demonstrated by the compared samples with cefazolin in relation to MSSE, the maximum index of the zone of suppression of which, on average, for the hydrogel was 29.3 mm, PMMA – 22.3 mm. Discussion Samples from polymer hydrogel impregnated with antibiotics demonstrated prolonged pronounced effective antimicrobial activity against the leading pathogens of orthopedic infections in comparison with PMMA. The bactericidal efficacy of the polymer hydrogel significantly exceeded the activity of PMMA already from the first day of the study (p = 0.002). The action of the hydrogel throughout the study was uniform without abrupt changes or dips (p > 0.05), in contrast to bone cement, whose activity against all test cultures significantly decreased (p = 0.042) on the 2nd day of the study. Conclusion Polymeric biodegradable hydrogels impregnated with antibiotics have a greater antimicrobial potential compared to PMMA. Uniform, slow and controlled release of the drug and effective inhibition of the growth of microorganisms, as well as prolonged action show that these properties may turn hydrogels into an effective depot system.
Quality of life of infertile women as measured by WHOQOL-BREF in Bangladesh
Authors: Ishrat Shakeela , Hossain Marufa , Yasmin Mahamuda , Akhter Dilruba , Akter Tasmin , Haque Fatema , Shukla Joyutpala
Published: December 2022

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is lower in infertile women. Fertility expectations are as variable as social norms and culture and so is QoL. We expect to explore the QoL of infertile couple in a traditional society like that of Bangladesh.Methods: We measured the quality of the life of 88 infertile women attending the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, with WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, covering physical, psychological, social and environmental domains. The scores were calculated in the range of 4-20 and 0-100. Results: When we calculated in the range of 0-100, infertile women had mean score of 61.12 in physical, 54.78 in psychological, 70.36 in social and 58.63 in environmental domains. Nearly half (41.7%) of the women scored at or below 50 in psychological domain compared to 26% in physical, 14.6% in social and 28.1% in environmental domain.Conclusions: The QoL of infertile women as measured by WHOQOL-BREF has moderate scores. The women are disadvantaged in psychological domain compared to physical, social or environmental aspects. So, they need more psychological support during treatment.
A cross sectional study on the determinants of railway fatalities in different age groups
Authors: Chatterjee Arabinda , Das Rina , Mukherjee Anindya , Das Somnath
Published: December 2022

Background: Over the last few decades many railway accidents and fatalities have occurred in India as well as worldwide. Cities having a high economic activity and are complex spatial structures, are supported by transport systems. The evolution of mass rapid transport system in the form of sub-urban railway network has increased railway casualties in the cities as the railroads pass through residential and commercial zones.Methods:  This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at R. G. Kar medical college and hospital police Morgue attached to the department of forensic medicine and toxicology (FMT), Kolkata on the randomly selected medico legal postmortems over last 4 years.Results: Railway accidents were common in males with mean age group of 38.98 years and was almost identical with the female mean age. The accidents mostly occurred in the office hours during the day time. Chi square test of association gave significant results between the different age groups with sex and grievous injuries sustained the people. Injuries sustained by the train showed that they were found mostly over the head followed by spine and thorax. Major cause of death was due to head injuries.Conclusions: The article gives an idea about the relevant demographic profiles and association with the age-related factors that can be taken up as means to prevent the accidents.
Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of age and level dependence of multifidus fatty infiltration in normal Indian healthy volunteers
Authors: Kamatham Harshitha , Kadiri Venkatesh , Muthu Gautam , Bysani Swaroop
Published: December 2022

Background: Multifidus is one of the main stabilizers of lumbar spine. Fatty infiltration of multifidus varies with the age, sex, side and level of spine studied. The present study aims at the evaluation and comparison of the trends of multifidus fatty infiltration in normal population at various levels in both genders, side and different decade groups in healthy individual volunteers.Methods: Twenty-five normal healthy volunteers equally distributed across different age groups (3rd-7th decades) formed the healthy study group. In step 1, normal population magnetic resonance (MR) images are collected and evaluated individually. In step 2, fatty infiltration of all people ascending in age was calculated at each lumbar level and on either side. In step 3, normal population were divided into decades and fatty infiltration at each decade and segment wise comparison was done. In step 4, statistical analysis of significance was done between the groups. All the T2 MR images were measured using Image j 1.50i software. Exclusion criteria included no proper visualization of paraspinal musculature in the T2 MR images. Associated conditions affecting the degeneration (other lytic lesions/vertebral fractures-healed or unhealed). Other etiology included disc prolapse, listhesis, infections, tumors, and trauma. For each MRI scan, at least 3 cuts for each segment were obtained in which the central cut will be selected for measurement.Results: In study population, at all age groups the multifidus fatty infiltration (MFI) at all given levels upper lumbar levels (L1-2, L2-3) showed less fatty infiltration than lower levels. With increasing age there is increase in MFI in all levels. On either side, as the age increases fat % increases and in individual people as the segment going caudal the fat % increases. At each segment left side has more fat % than right side and overall fat % increase from L1 to S1 levels. As decades increases fat % increases in each individual segment, and also fat % increases from cephalad to caudal. There is a rapid increase in fat % transition from 4th to 5th decade. Overall fat % increase is seen from L1 to S1 in each decade. Females L1-2 to L3-4 does not show significant fat % increase. There are more fat % in females than males in lower lumbar levels, but the body mass index (BMI), daily activities may be a confounding factor.Conclusions: Lumbar paravertebral muscle fat content increases with aging, in healthy volunteers 3nd to 7th decade of age. Women, low lumbar levels, left side the multifidus muscle are most affected.
Cervical ganglioneuroma: a case report
Authors: Motter Dema , Suseeharan Melanie , Wahba Basim , Hone Robert
Published: December 2022

Cervical ganglioneuroma (CGN) is a rare benign tumour that originates from the neurogenic soft tissue of the cervical sympathetic chain. It is part of the neuroblastic tumours that arise from the neural crest cells of the central or peripheral nervous system. The clinical presentation can range from a palpable mass in the neck, dysphagia, dysphonia, or features of Horner’s syndrome. We present a case of a 65-year-old lady that was seen in the ENT outpatient clinic with complaints of left-sided neck swelling, dysphagia, and dysphonia. Complete surgical excision of the mass revealed the histological diagnosis of CGN. Treatment is considered complete when the entire specimen is excised.
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia as a postoperative complication of tonsillectomy: a case report
Authors: Motter Dema , Suseeharan Melanie , Wahba Basim
Published: December 2022

Tonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by otolaryngologists. Post-operative complications commonly include temporary pain, infection, and bleeding. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a rare complication that has been previously documented in the literature. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a rare type of facial pain syndrome that is characterised by radiating pain in the sensory distribution of the glossopharyngeal nerve. It can cause sharp shooting pain in the face, ears and/or back of the throat. Pain is exacerbated with repetitive movements such as chewing, speaking, and swallowing. The majority of glossopharyngeal neuralgia is idiopathic in origin; however, we report a case of a 37-year-old lady that developed glossopharyngeal neuralgia immediately after tonsillectomy. Her condition was managed with intraoral injection of alcohol and saline preparation in the tonsillar fossa with good effect.
Epidermoid cyst of floor of mouth
Authors: Basumatary Jagadish , Timungpi Geeta , Saikia Asha , Baral Soniya , Saikia Prakash , Borgohain Rupam
Published: December 2022

Epidermoid cysts are developmental malformations which are soft, mobile and slow-growing masses and they are unattached to the overlying skin. The most common cervical location of these cysts is the floor of the mouth without any gender predilection. The following report presents a case on epidermoid cyst and its management and a discussion on various differential diagnoses. This report presents a case with a painless swelling over the floor of mouth with dysphagia, dysarthria and orthopnea. Thorough history and examination of the swelling was done. Preoperative assessment was made with CT imaging. Complete surgical excision of the mass was done via intraoral approach under general anaesthesia with an uneventful recovery period. Swellings over the floor of mouth can be congenital, infectious, inflammatory or tumours. Preoperative evaluation can be done by taking thorough history, examination and radiological imaging. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for epidermoid cysts with approach based on its relation with the mylohyoid muscle.
Editorial
Authors: López Zaldívar Halley
Published: December 2022

En el presente número de Cuadernos Jurídicos Ius et Tribunalis ofrecemos colaboraciones que abordan temas relacionados con los derechos fundamentales, el derecho de familia, y el derecho de los niños y de los adolescentes. En el rubro de los derechos fundamentales, son la muerte digna y su ausencia de reconocimiento en el ordenamiento jurídico, así como la diversidad lingüística, las que permiten tener una visión actual de la problemática que esconden para quienes se encuentran a cargo de la labor legislativa y resolutora de conflictos.
Los defectos del Estado en la atención de la violencia familiar
Authors: Bermúdez Tapia Manuel
Published: December 2022

Las estadísticas oficiales sobre feminicidios y violencia familiar permiten cuestionar la validez y eficacia de las políticas públicas debido al escaso análisis de la realidad social peruana por parte del Estado. Un defecto que no sistematiza la legislación y no permite la mejora de los criterios de evaluación casuística en el ámbito judicial debido al sesgo de la perspectiva de género que limita toda evaluación al contexto de la violencia generada por el varón contra la mujer, anulándose la perspectiva del análisis casuístico y especial a cada situación en particular, en que los niveles de vulnerabilidad permiten detallar que existen otros factores que acreditan situaciones de violencia.
Comparative study of pre-Hispanic and colonial adobes in Mexico. Preliminary inferences on the effects of the granulometric distribution and used recycled materials in the state conservation of earth architecture
Authors: Puy-Alquiza María Jesús , Ordaz-Zubia Velia Yolanda , Cruces-Cervantes Omar , Bello-Sandoval Antonio , Miranda-Avilés Raúl , Salazar-Hernández Ma. del Carmen , Carreño-Aguilera Gilberto , Zanor Gabriela A. , Li Yanmei
Published: December 2022

The characterization of the pre-Hispanic and colonial adobes used in the construction of buildings in Mexico was carried out to know the differences between their processes and manufactures. The eight samples obtained correspond to adobe blocks 0.45 m long x 0.35 m wide and 0.12 m thick, which were part of the interiors of houses, the structure of fences, and hacienda galleys. These samples were investigated using X-ray Diffraction, X-ray Fluorescence, and Scanning Electron Microscopy techniques to determine the morphometry of the material and its chemical and mineralogical composition. Likewise, some analyzes were performed to determine their mechanical properties (simple compressive strength), physical properties (granulometry, solid density, cohesion, plasticity index, porosity, and moisture content), and biological (organic matter content). The results obtained in terms of the granulometric distribution indicate that pre-Hispanic adobe has a higher content of sand than silt-clay and gravel, while the colonial adobes present a low or null content of gravel with a higher content of silt-clays. Regarding the organic matter content, the colonial adobe presents the highest percentages compared to those of the pre-Hispanic adobes. Taking into account the above the pre-Hispanic adobes have better resistance and durability than colonial adobes due to their granulometric distribution, low organic matter content, good cohesion, high plasticity index, and the use of materials found in their natural environment, while the colonial used recycled materials, coming from the economic activity to which the hacienda was dedicated, for example, agriculture, mining, livestock, this has given rise to different manufacturing techniques and construction styles that reflect the state of conservation of buildings throughout the pre-Hispanic and colonial times. The granulometric distribution that pre-Hispanic adobe provides favorable physical and mechanical qualities for any construction technique, so it is recommended to use this formula to manufacture resistant and durable adobe.
Late Pleistocene paleoenvironment at a Middle Stone Age archaeological site in Equatorial Guinea: a paleopedological approach
Authors: Cruz-y-Cruz Tamara , Terrazas-Mata Alejandro , Pogosyan Lilit , Sedov Sergey , Pi-Puig Teresa , Rivera-González Iran , Menéndez-Iglesias Beatriz , Rodríguez-Rivas Jorge , Cabadas-Báez Héctor
Published: December 2022

Key evidence of human occupation in Africa during the Middle Palaeolithic (Middle Stone Age [MSA]) is available from the south and east of the continent, where semi-arid climate prevails. Rare evidence of MSA human occupation in the humid tropical region was recently reported from Equatorial Guinea. To identify if paleolithic human occupation occurred in the tropical forest, the stratigraphy of the recently discovered archaeological site “Mabewele I” was analyzed using a paleopedological approach. The properties evaluated along a vertical profile are: granulometry, magnetic susceptibility (K), free iron extractable with sodium dithionite (Fed), total organic carbon (TOC), chemical composition by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction mineralogy (XRD), ternary plot of the three main oxides (SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3), phytoliths and micromorphology. The predominant fraction is sand, with a significant clay content (> 30 %). The K and the Fed presented low values, as well as the TOC. XRF showed few variations along the sequence and XRD showed that the clays are mainly kaolinites, with a very low component of vermiculites. The phytoliths correspond to tropical vegetation with few changes in the vegetal composition between the deep and superficial zones. A charcoal from the lower part of the profile was dated between 12.57-12.24 ka cal BP, while the main artifact horizon was located at the bottom. The analytical results appear contradictory: on the one hand, there is evidence of intense chemical weathering under a humid tropical climate, but the clay cutans in the pores are very scarce and incipient and the iron nodules are mostly anorthic. This indicates that the sequence is composed of pedosediments associated with a high environmental dynamism, with short periods of erosion-sedimentation-pedogenesis. The results allow us to propose that humans inhabited the tropical forest during the MSA and that erosion-sedimentation processes could be related to anthropization processes.
Three Approximations of Numerical Solution's by Finite Element Method for Resolving Space-Time Partial Differential Equations Involving Fractional Derivative's Order
Authors: Boutiba Malika , Baghli-Bendimerad Selma , Benaïssa Abbès
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we apply to a class of partial differential equation the finite element method when the problem is involving the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative for time and space variables on a bounded domain with bounded conditions. The studied equation is obtained from the standard time diffusion equation by replacing the first order time derivative by  for 0<<1 and for the second standard order space derivative by  for 1<<2 respectively. The existence of the unique solution is proved by the Lax-Milgram Lemma. We present here three schemes to approximate numerically the time derivative and use the finite element method for the space derivative using the Hadamard finite part integral and the Diethlem's first degree compound quadrature formula, the second approach is based on the link between Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivative, when the third method was based on the approximation of the Riemann-Liouville by the Grunwald-Letnikov fractional derivative. For the approximation of the space fractional derivative, the finite element method is introduced for all the three approaches. Finally, to check the effectiveness of the three methods, a numerical example was given.
Modeling Algorithms for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing Using CloudSim
Authors: Gollapalli Mohammed , Alamoudi Abrar , Aldossary Arwa , Alqarni Arwa , Alwarthan Sarah , AlMunsour Yousof Z. , Abdulqader Mamoun M. , Mohammad Rami M. , Chabani Sghaier
Published: December 2022

As the number of cloud users are spontaneously growing globally, there is an urgent need to constantly provide quality services to consumers. Consequently, task scheduling plays an essential role in improving the performance of the cloud computing environment. Most of the published research in this field share common goals, which can be summarized in maximizing resource utilization, reducing cost, and increasing performance. This research provides the foundation knowledge on the latest works done to enhance and optimize the existing task scheduling algorithm in cloud computing by considering various parameters. Furthermore, in this study, we have applied comparative study to analyze the performance of three task scheduling algorithms namely Max-Min, First Come First Serve (FCFS), and Round Robin (RR) in cloud computing environments based on the performance metric of the Virtual Machines (VM) resources' cost, average time and makespan to find the best performing algorithm in the cloud environment. The experimental evaluations were conducted using CloudSim simulation tool. The results show that Max-Min achieved better performance based on makespan and average waiting time than other algorithms in Space and Time-shared policies.
Design an Optimal Fractional Order PI Controller for Congestion Avoidance in Internet Routers
Authors: Abood Layla H. , Haitham Russul
Published: December 2022

The main problem that degrade data transition in communication networks is the congestion, to achieve stable TCP network, an active queue management (AQM) is used for controlling congestion and saving regular queue length .In this paper, a robust Fractional Order PI (FOPI) controller is suggested to control the AQM system, Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm (GWO) is used for tuning of the controller gains and the Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) is adopted as a fitness function for monitoring system response by minimizing its error value until reach an efficient and robust response. The transient analysis is used for comparing the suggested controller with two conventional controllers (PI & PID) to show the efficient behavior of suggested controller, then a robustness analysis is applied by adding disturbances positive and negative signals with value 150 packets at different time(15 sec, 30 sec) to the system also varying the queue size after each 40 sec to see the system response , the controller overcomes the disturbances signals with less than 3.5 sec and faces the queue size varying values and returning the system response to its desired value efficiently.
Examining Service Quality at the Destination Level: The Case of Malaysia
Authors: Ghani Nur Izzati Ab , Nasir Muhamad Nasyat Muhamad , Afthanorhan Asyraf , Mohamad Mahadzirah , Rasdi Aikal Liyani Mohd , Khan Nur Farihin Abd Hadi , Arshad Pg Mohd Auza'e Pg
Published: December 2022

Studies on service quality have gained significant attention from practitioners, managers, and researchers in the tourism industry. Malaysia is experiencing an unstable and declining pattern in the rate of international tourists’ expenditure on services they receive in this country, highlighting a severe challenge in planning the right services to offer tourists since they refuse to spend on the services provided. Therefore, this research investigated the dimensions of service quality at the destination level to improve the quality of a destination. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to international tourists from the United Kingdom and Australia at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. The pilot study’s data, involving 100 respondents, were tested using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and reliability analysis. Subsequently, 337 usable questionnaires were collected from fieldwork and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The study findings identified four dimensions of destination service quality: health and hygiene, accommodation, shopping, and information facilities. In addition, it suggested that tourism management and local citizens (Malaysians) should focus on these four dimensions to enhance the overall quality of service in Malaysia, thereby enhancing tourist satisfaction and spending on the services provided in the country. The limitation of this research was that the data were collected solely at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Future research may include other Malaysian international airports to strengthen the generalizability of the results.
Risk of endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Amiri Mina , Bidhendi-Yarandi Razieh , Fallahzadeh Aida , Marzban Zahra , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh
Published: December 2022

Background: Although several studies have evaluated the risk of gynecological cancers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), there are controversies regarding it.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of PCOS with endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancers.
Materials and Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases based on MESH terms using the combination of the appropriate keywords were searched to retrieve observational studies on endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancers in PCOS women, published from inception to April 2020. This meta-analysis was performed to determine the pooled odds ratio (OR) of these cancers in women with PCOS. Publication bias was assessed by using Begg’s test.
Results: Of 1347 records retrieved by searching the databases, a total of 14 articles were included in the study. Overall, the pooled OR of the composite outcome, including endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancers in women with PCOS was higher than that of women with no PCOS (pooled OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0-1.9). The pooled OR of endometrial (pooled OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.03-4.7) and ovarian (pooled OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.8) cancers in women with PCOS was higher than the control group, whereas the pooled OR of breast cancer was not significantly higher than that of the control group.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated an increased risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers in women with PCOS.
Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Endometrial cancer, Ovarian cancer, Breast cancer.
Associations of sexual behavioral aspects and sexual scripts among college students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Omidvar Arezo , Mirhashemi Malek , Yousefi Habib , Merghati Khoei Effat
Published: December 2022

Background: Sexual scripts (SSs) are formed based on the gendered culture in societies.
Objective: To evaluate the associations between the sexual behavioral aspects: capacity, motivation, performance, and SS amongst Iranian college students.
Materials and Methods: From September 2020 to December 2020, we recruited 400 college students who were married, had no acute or chronic diseases, was no drug abuser, and were not pregnant at the time of the study. The demographic questionnaire, sexual behavior assessment, and SSs questionnaires were completed by all the participants. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multivariate regression were used for data analysis. We also employed an independent t test to compare sexual behavior-related variables: sexual capacity, sexual performance, sexual motivation, and SSs in 2 female and male student groups.
Results: Men and women were significantly different in the component of sexual behaviors. Women had higher sexual motivation than men. The participants’ SSs were positively correlated with all 3 components of sexual behaviors at a significant level of p ≤ 0.001. Of demographic characteristics, only women’s age had a significant correlation with sexual capacity. For men, education level and economic status were positively correlated with all components of men’s sexual behaviors.
Conclusion: Sexual behaviors seem to be highly gendered, particularly, in the motivational component. Based on the results, SSs are more determinant than demographics. We recommend gender-sensitive and cultural-oriented sexuality educations for Iranians to provide fundamental changes in the SSs.
Key words: Sexual scripts, Sexual behavior, Sexuality, College student, Iran.
The association between healthy eating index score with semen parameters in infertile men: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Leilami Kimia , Zareie Azadeh , Nouri Mehran , Bagheri Milad , Shirani Mahsa
Published: December 2022

Background: Infertility has been a major problem for young couples in recent years. One way to assay the diet quality is the healthy eating index (HEI), related to infertility.
Objective: This study aims to assess the association between the HEI score with semen parameters in Iranian infertile men.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred and sixty eligible men (18-55 yr), were referred to the major infertility clinic in the summer of 2018 and entered this cross-sectional study. Based on the 5th edition of the world health organization laboratory manual, semen parameters including sperm concentration, volume, motility, and morphology were analyzed, and to specify the dietary intake of individuals a 168-item questionnaire was used. Also, to calculate the total HEI score, all 13 components based on HEI-2015 components and scoring standards were summed up.
Results: Participants in the highest tertile, had no difference in mean sperm parameters with those in the lowest tertile in the crude model. No significant association was found between sperm parameters and HEI score tertiles in the crude model, even after adjustment for potential confounders, except for concentration (OR: 0.39 and CI: 0.15, 0.99, p = 0.04). Participants in the highest tertile had a lower risk of abnormal concentration and motility in the crude model. The risk of abnormal concentration decreased, and motility increased in the adjusted model.
Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, there was no significant relationship between HEI and sperm indexes, except for sperm concentration. Therefore, more studies need to be done in the future.
Key words: Diet, Healthy, Semen analysis, Infertility, Cross-sectional studies.
Comparison of the effect of licorice vaginal cream and estrogen vaginal cream on sexual function of postmenopausal women: An RCT
Authors: Ahmadizad Parisa , Shohani Masoumeh , Direkvand Moghadam Ashraf , Jalilian Anahita , Sayadi Hojat , Abbasi Naser
Published: December 2022

Background: Menopause is a stage in woman’s life that some women experience in middle age and some at a younger age (premature menopause). Low levels of ovarian hormones, during menopause can lead to various complications. Menopause is one of the factors that can affect a woman’s sexual function.
Objective: The present study was conducted to compare the effect of licorice vaginal cream and estrogen vaginal cream on the sexual function of postmenopausal women.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 82 postmenopausal women who were referred to health centers in Ilam, Iran from July to November 2020 were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 41/each). One group was given estrogen vaginal cream 2%, and the other vaginal licorice cream 2%. Participants used the 2 medications for 14-day periods each. We used the finite randomization method. Data collection questionnaires, including a demographic information questionnaire before treatment and a female sexual function index questionnaire were completed before, one month after the medication, and 2 months after using the medication.
Results: The mean score of sexual function in the licorice group was 17.86 ± 4.37 and increased to 20.31 ± 4.63 at the end of the study. The mean score of sexual function in the estrogen group was 17.14 ± 3.99 and increased to 22.97 ± 5.09 at the end of the study (p = 0.015).
Conclusion: The effect of estrogen vaginal cream on the sexual function of postmenopausal women was greater than licorice vaginal cream.
Key words: Vagina, Post menopause, Glycyrrhiza, Estrogens.
Preserving Resilience for Prevention of Burnout in Anesthesiology Residents as Frontline Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Report of Real-life Experiences of Professionalism and Mentoring in Medical Education
Authors: Samadi Shahram , Khan Zahid Hussain , Mireskandari Seyed Mohamad , Karvandian Kasra , Jafarzadeh Afshin , Hajipour Asghar
Published: December 2022

Objective: During the COVID-19 pandemic, burnout of healthcare workers, including anesthetists, has become a critical issue. This study aimed to provide a practical framework for decreasing and preventing burnout among anesthesiology residents through preserving their good mental health.
Materials and methods: Since the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak, anesthesiology residents have been members of medical teams with the attending staff, senior residents, and partner residents. Besides, the following measures were taken to reduce burnout: providing financial support for the attending staff to procure personal protective equipment (PPE), rearrangement of work schedules to reduce the workload, holding training sessions in virtual meetings, and improving the social network system for reducing burnout.
Results: The interventional program could help anesthesiology residents to adapt to or cope with the healthcare system status and also prevent burnout. Moreover, development of empathy, integrity, and cohesion in the healthcare system motivated the staff to comply with the principles of medical professionalism.
Conclusion: During the current health crisis due to COVID-19, it is essential to implement specific interventional and training programs for decreasing or preventing burnout among healthcare workers.
Female Genital Mutilation, Sexual Quality of Life and Marital Relationship: A Case-Control Study from Iran
Authors: Shafaati Laleh Shahla , Soltani Farzaneh , Roshanaei Ghodratollah
Published: December 2022

Objective: Studies on the sexual consequences of female genital mutilation is mostly related to sexual function, while sexual quality of life is a more objective criterion for studying the effects of genital mutilation on the women's sexual life. The purpose of this study was to compare the sexual quality of life and marital relationship in the mutilated women with other women living in the Kurd region of Mahabad (Iran).
Materials and methods: In a case-control study, 600 married women (300 mutilated and 300 non- mutilated women) who referred to the health centers completed the sexual quality of life questionnaire (SQOL-F) as well as demographic questionnaires. Data analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test, and linear regression model with stepwise method at 95% confidence level.
Results: The mean total score of sexual quality of life in the mutilated group (40.28±16.76) was significantly lower than the control group (45.29±19.16). The chance of having a higher score of sexual quality of life in the mutilated group was 0.13 times lower than the control group. This value was 0.16 times for self-worthlessness area, 0.10 for sexual repression, 0.12 for psycho-sexual feeling, and 0.32 for sexual and marital satisfaction areas (p <0.05). In the mutilated group, the total score of sexual quality of life was significantly correlated with age, income, spouse's violence, spouse's infidelity, intercourse frequency, and residence status (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Female genital mutilation can decrease the sexual quality of life and increase the chance of negative consequences such as spouse violence, infidelity, and intercourse reduction.
The effect of noise exposure on mental workload, noise sensitivity and general and mental health of overhead crane operators in one of the Steel Industries in south of Iran
Authors: Nezamodini ZS , Jafari B , Amini P , Hashemi H
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Overhead cranes play a vital role in guiding steel industries and maintaining their normal condition. These machines are operated by humans and pose a great risk of accidents that may occur due to mistakes made by operators. According to the mentioned contents, the non-negligible effects of noise on the physical and mental health of people in the work environment, the complexity and sensitivity of overhead crane operators, as well as the serious injuries caused by the error of this task, this study aimed at the effect of exposure to noise on mental workload, noise sensitivity and general and mental health of overhead crane operators in one of the steel industries in southern Iran.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the worker's exposure to the sound level was carefully evaluated. In this way, the sound pressure leveling was done during the operator's duty and in the crane cabin according to the recommendation of ISO 9612. In the second phase of the research, after determining the level of exposure of overhead crane operators to noise, noise sensitivity questionnaires, mental assessment of exposure to noise conditions, and general health questionnaires were distributed and subjected to statistical analysis. Statistical analysis of data was done using SPSS version 22 software. Using a one-way analysis of variance, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, the relationship between different factors was investigated. In this study, a significance level of 5% was considered.
Results: The average equivalent level of exposure of overhead crane operators for 8 hours is 76.4 dB and the maximum and minimum equivalent levels of 8-hour exposure, respectively; 84 and 68.2 dB were obtained. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables of gender, marital status, and working hours with noise sensitivity and the variables of gender, education, a mental crisis in the last month and second job with mental load, and the variable of mental crisis in the last month with general health (P<0.05). Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between noise sensitivity, mental load, and general health with sound. The results showed, there is no significant relationship between noise sensitivity, mental load, and general health with sound (P> 0.05). There is a negative or inverse relationship between noise sensitivity and general sound health. This means that with the increase in volume, sensitivity to sound and general health will decrease and vice versa.
Conclusion: The results of this research can provide the necessary platform to improve the working conditions of overhead crane operators to prevent the occurrence of inconveniences and problems of inaudible noise in values ​​less than 85 dB.