bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Mortality in Nursing Home Residents With Advanced Dementia
Authors: Hicks Kathryn L. , Rabins Peter V. , Black Betty S.
Published: July 2010

This analysis uses data from the Care of Nursing Home Residents with Advanced Dementia (CareAD) study to investigate which factors increase the risk of death in patients who are in the advanced stages of dementia. The hypothesis of this analysis was that specific illnesses with known high mortality would be associated with increased risk of death in the population of nursing home residents with advanced dementia, after controlling for demographic variables and disease-stage variables. Baseline data on 123 end-stage dementia nursing home residents were analyzed with a Cox proportional hazards regression. Of the comorbidities studied, pneumonia was the only illness significantly associated with shortened survival. This information can help health care professionals assist surrogate decision makers in making medical decisions regarding the treatment of comorbid medical illness in persons with advanced dementia.
Incorporation of non-natural nucleotides into template-switching oligonucleotides reduces background and improves cDNA synthesis from very small RNA samples
Authors: Kapteyn Jeremy , He Ruifeng , McDowell Eric T , Gang David R
Published: July 2010

Background

The template switching PCR (TS-PCR) method of cDNA synthesis represents one of the most straightforward approaches to generating full length cDNA for sequencing efforts. However, when applied to very small RNA samples, such as those obtained from tens or hundreds of cells, this approach leads to high background and low cDNA yield due to concatamerization of the TS oligo.

Results

In this study, we describe the application of nucleotide isomers that form non-standard base pairs in the template switching oligo to prevent background cDNA synthesis. When such bases are added to the 5' end of the template switching (TS) oligo, they inhibit MMLV-RT from extending the cDNA beyond the TS oligo, thus increasing cDNA yield by reducing formation of concatamers of the TS oligo that are the source of significant background.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that this novel approach for cDNA synthesis has valuable utility for application of ultra-high throughput technologies, such as whole transcriptome sequencing using 454 technology, to very small biological samples comprised of tens of cells as might be obtained via approaches like laser microdissection.
Small blue round cell tumor of the interosseous membrane bearing a t(2;22)(q34;q12)/EWS-CREB1 translocation: a case report
Authors: Pacheco Marina , Horsman Douglas E , Hayes Malcolm M , Clarkson Paul W , Huwait Hassan , Nielsen Torsten O
Published: July 2010

Background

The group of small blue round cell tumors encompasses a heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterized by primitive appearing round cells with few distinguishing histologic features.

Results

We report the case of a small blue round cell tumor with an EWS gene rearrangement detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis that mimicked Ewing sarcoma, but with unusual histology and immunohistochemical features. Multi-color karyotyping identified the presence of a t(2;22)(q34;q12) that was initially expected to represent a variant EWSR1-FEV translocation. After an extensive workup, the lesion is considered to represent a clear cell sarcoma harboring an EWSR1-CREB1 fusion transcript.

Conclusions

This case appears to represent a rare variant of clear cell sarcoma arising in peripheral soft tissues with unusual histology and unique immunophenotype. In this circumstance, FISH for all EWSR1 translocation partners or RT- PCR for a spectrum of possible transcript variants is critically important for diagnosis, since cytogenetic analysis or clinical FISH assay using only commercial EWSR1 probes will be misleading.
Commercializing Science: Is There a University “Brain Drain” from Academic Entrepreneurship?
Authors: Toole Andrew A. , Czarnitzki Dirk
Published: July 2010

When academic researchers participate in commercialization using for-profit firms, there is a potentially costly trade-off—their time and effort are diverted away from academic knowledge production. This is a form of brain drain on the not-for-profit research sector that may reduce knowledge accumulation and adversely impact long-run economic growth. In this paper, we examine the economic significance of the brain drain phenomenon using scientist-level panel data. We identify life scientists who start or join for-profit firms using information from the Small Business Innovation Research program and analyze the research performance of these scientists relative to a control group of randomly selected research peers. Combining our statistical results with data on the number of university spin-offs in the United States from 1994 to 2004, we find the academic brain drain has a nontrivial impact on knowledge production in the not-for-profit research sector.
The Impact of Information Technology on Academic Scientists' Productivity and Collaboration Patterns
Authors: Ding Waverly W. , Levin Sharon G. , Stephan Paula E. , Winkler Anne E.
Published: July 2010

This study investigates the impact of information technology (IT) on productivity and collaboration patterns in academe. Our data combine information on the diffusion of two noteworthy innovations in IT—BITNET and the Domain Name System (DNS)—with career-history data on research-active life scientists. We analyzed a random sample of 3,114 research-active life scientists from 314 U.S. institutions over a 25-year period and find that the availability of BITNET on a scientist's campus has a positive effect on his or her productivity and collaborative network. Our findings also support the hypothesis of a differential effect of IT across subgroups of the scientific labor force. Women scientists and those working at nonelite institutions benefit more from the availability of IT in terms of overall research output and an increase in the number of new coauthors they work with than do men or individuals at elite institutions. These results suggest that IT is an equalizing force, providing a greater boost to productivity and more collaboration opportunities for scientists who are more marginally positioned in academe.
Prolactin and oestrogen synergistically regulate gene expression and proliferation of breast cancer cells
Authors: Rasmussen Louise Maymann , Frederiksen Klaus Stensgaard , Din Nanni , Galsgaard Elisabeth , Christensen Leif , Berchtold Martin Werner , Panina Svetlana
Published: July 2010

The pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL) plays an important role in mammary gland development. It was also suggested to contribute to breast cancer progression. In vivo data strongly supported a crucial role of PRL in promoting tumour growth; however, PRL demonstrated only a weak, if any, pro-proliferative effect on cancer cells in vitro. Several recent studies indicated that PRL action in vivo may be influenced by the hormonal milieu, e.g. other growth factors such as 17β-oestradiol (E2). Here, we explored the potential interplay between PRL and E2 in regulation of gene expression and cell growth. PRL alone induced either a weak or no proliferative response of T47D and BT-483 cells respectively, while it drastically enhanced cell proliferation in E2-stimulated cultures. Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed 12 genes to be regulated by E2, while 57 genes were regulated by PRL in T47D cells. Most of the PRL-regulated genes (42/57) were not previously described as PRL target genes, e.g. WT1 and IER3. One hundred and five genes were found to be regulated upon PRL/E2 co-treatment: highest up-regulation was found for EGR3, RUNX2, EGR1, MAFF, GLIPR1, IER3, SOCS3, WT1 and AREG. PRL and E2 synergised to regulate EGR3, while multiple genes were regulated additively. These data show a novel interplay between PRL and E2 to modulate gene regulation in breast cancer cells.
Developments in under-deck and combined cable-stayed bridges
Authors: Ruiz-Teran Ana M , Aparicio Angel C
Published: July 2010

Under-deck, cable-stayed bridges and combined cable-stayed bridges constitute two innovative bridge types that have been designed and built on relatively few occasions over the last 30 years, in most cases by renowned structural engineers, such as Leonhardt, Schlaich, Virlogeux, Manterola, Robertson and Cremer. In these bridge types, the stay cables have unconventional layouts: either below the deck, in the case of under-deck cable-stayed bridges, or above and below the deck, in the case of combined cable-stayed bridges. In this paper, a general and critical overview of the current state-of-the-art is outlined, addressing issues related to proposals, built bridges and research. Significant attention is paid to their highly efficient structural behaviour and unconventional design criteria, both of which lead to a significant reduction in the amount of required materials, in comparison with conventional bridges without stay cables, and thus allow for sustainable design. Other advantages of these bridges, such as multiple construction possibilities, strong aesthetic characteristics and their broad range of potential applications, are also stressed.
Importance of pavement rehabilitation design in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan M. U. , Islam M. R. , Alam M. F.
Published: July 2010

The Roads and Highways Department of Bangladesh manages its road assets with a cost-effective maintenance programme using the HDM-4 model. However, it has been observed that some of the thin maintenance overlay treatments have not been functioning well in recent years for a sample of roads. Repeated overlays were suggested by the HDM-4 within 2 years for these roads. As a result, the existing structural strengths of these roads were checked by deflection data using a Benkelman beam, and strengthening overlay (thick overlay) thicknesses were derived using the Asphalt Institute rehabilitation design chart. An example to determine the required thickness of overlay using the Asphalt Institute rehabilitation design chart is presented herein. It was checked for consistency using the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials equation. Finally, treatment intervention criteria were chosen using the HDM-4 to determine the optimum thicknesses of strengthening overlay for structurally weak roads in Bangladesh.
Influence of vehicular interaction on PCU values
Authors: Brooks R. M.
Published: July 2010

The objective of this paper is to determine the influence of vehicular interaction on passenger car unit (PCU) values. The capacity of vehicles under homogeneous and heterogeneous traffic conditions was studied. The capacity of cars for a two-lane road under homogeneous stream was found to be 3920 vehicles/h and under heterogeneous stream it was 3645 vehicles/h. The limitation of the PCU values defined in the Highway Capacity Manual is explained. The results of the present study showed that for buses, sports utility vehicles and motorcycles, the PCU values, expressed as a function of volume-to-capacity ratio, varied from 1·4 to 3·3, 1·2 to 2·25 and 0·25 to 1·3, respectively. The PCU values found in this study were influenced by the volume-to-capacity ratio. The values found herein are recommended for use in the analysis and design of traffic engineering facilities for similar traffic conditions to those of the present study.
The Source and Significance of Confusion in Public Goods Experiments
Authors: Ferraro Paul J , Vossler Christian A
Published: July 2010

Economists use public goods experiments to develop and test theories of individual preferences and institutional design. Previous work demonstrates many participants in public goods experiments contribute to the public good out of confusion. We design experiments to provide insights on the consequences and causes of confusion. We establish that confusion amounts to more than statistical noise and does not dissipate with repetition (i.e. learning). Confused subjects use experimental parameters and the behavior of other players as cues, which confounds treatment effects and traditional strategies to identify other-regarding preferences through exogenous parameter changes and the modeling of reactions to other subjects decisions. We argue that confusion stems from an inaccurate understanding of game incentives (failure of game form recognition), which is a consequence of the framing and inadequate payoff information in standard instructions. Modified instructions can substantially reduce confusion, and, in turn, change the distribution of contributions to the public good.
Can Venture Capital Be a Curse?
Authors: Kanatas George , Stefanadis Christodoulos
Published: July 2010

We show that partnering with venture capitalists may be a curse to entrepreneurs in that it reduces their profits in the commercialization phase. Agents rationally infer that a likely reason an entrepreneur who has received managerial assistance (from a venture capitalist) refrains from a lucrative IPO and instead opts for an acquisition may be the low quality of his technology (which is unfixable), rather than of his management (which may be fixable). This leads to lower acquisition prices and greater IPO underpricing. From a social welfare standpoint, venture capital services are under-utilized and technologies are under-commercialized.
Optimal Quality Scores in Sponsored Search Auctions: Full Extraction of Advertisers' Surplus
Authors: Yoon Kiho
Published: July 2010

This paper shows that the quality scores in sponsored search auctions can be optimally chosen to extract all the advertisers' surplus. The reason for the full extraction result is that the quality scores may effectively set all the bidders' valuations equal to the highest valuation, which induces intense bidding competition.
Sensors and boundary state reconstruction of hyperbolic systems
Authors: Zerrik El , Bourray Hamid , Ben Hadid Samir
Published: July 2010

Sensors and boundary state reconstruction of hyperbolic systems

This paper deals with the problem of regional observability of hyperbolic systems in the case where the subregion of interest is a boundary part of the system evolution domain. We give a definition and establish characterizations in connection with the sensor structure. Then we show that it is possible to reconstruct the system state on a subregion of the boundary. The developed approach, based on the Hilbert uniqueness method (Lions, 1988), leads to a reconstruction algorithm. The obtained results are illustrated with numerical examples and simulations.
On one algorithm for solving the problem of source function reconstruction
Authors: Maksimov Vyacheslav
Published: July 2010

On one algorithm for solving the problem of source function reconstruction

In the paper, the problem of source function reconstruction in a differential equation of the parabolic type is investigated. Using the semigroup representation of trajectories of dynamical systems, we build a finite-step iterative procedure for solving this problem. The algorithm originates from the theory of closed-loop control (the method of extremal shift). At every step of the algorithm, the sum of a quality criterion and a linear penalty term is minimized. This procedure is robust to perturbations in problems data.
NTGsim: A graphical user interface and a 3D simulator for nonlinear trajectory generation methodology
Authors: Di Trapani Lyall , Inanc Tamer
Published: July 2010

NTGsim: A graphical user interface and a 3D simulator for nonlinear trajectory generation methodology

Nonlinear Trajectory Generation (NTG), developed by Mark Milam, is a software algorithm used to generate trajectories of constrained nonlinear systems in real-time. The goal of this paper is to present an approach to make NTG more user-friendly. To accomplish this, we have programmed a Graphical User Interface (GUI) in Java, using object oriented design, which wraps the NTG software and allows the user to quickly and efficiently alter the parameters of NTG. This new program, called NTGsim, eliminates the need to reprogram the NTG algorithm explicitly each time the user wishes to change a parameter.
Novel Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,3-Dien-2-yl Esters by a Palladium-Catalysed Cross-Coupling Reaction of (E)-α-iodo-α,β-Unsaturated Esters
Authors: Yang Weisen , Chen Junmin , Hao Wenyan , Cai Mingzhong
Published: July 2010

(E)-α-Stannyl-α,β-unsaturated esters underwent an iododestannylation reaction to afford (E)-α-iodo-α,β-unsaturated esters, which reacted with (E)-alkenylzirconium(IV) complexes produced in situ by hydrozirconation of terminal alkynes in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 to afford stereoselectively a variety of 1,3-dien-2-yl esters in good yields.
Four-Component Reaction between Cyclohexyl Isocyanide, Aromatic Aldehydes, Aromatic Amines and Trifluoroacetic Anhydride
Authors: Anary-Abbasinejad Mohammad , Anaraki-Ardakani Hossein , Rasekh Maryam , Tabatabaee Masoumeh , Nazari Ali
Published: July 2010

Reaction of cyclohexyl isocyanide with aromatic aldehydes, aniline derivatives and trifluoroacetic anhydride in dichloromethane at room temperature afforded N-[cyclohexylcarbamoyl(aryl)methyl]-2,2,2-trifluoro-N-arylacetamide derivatives in nearly quantitative yields after 10 min. The work-up procedure is very easy and the products are precipitated in ether as pure solids. The structure of one of the products was established by X-ray single crystal analysis.
Fabrication of M-CNT/TiO2 (M=Cr, Mn and Fe) Composites and the effect of Transition Metals on their Photocatalytic Activities
Authors: Chen Ming-Liang , Zhang Feng-Jun , Zhang Kan , Meng Ze-Da , Oh Won-Chun
Published: July 2010

3-Chloroperbenzoic acid has been used to oxidise a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) to obtain more functional groups. Chromium trioxide, manganese oxide and ferric nitrate were used to pretreat the oxidised MWCNT and together with titanium n-butoxide as titanium precursor to prepare M-CNT/TiO2 composites. FTIR spectroscopy was used to determine the functional groups on the MWCNT and the characterisation of M-CNT/TiO2 composites was by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Methylene blue was used to determine the photocatalytic activities of the M-CNT/TiO2 composites under visible light.
Metal Acetate/Metal Oxide in Acetic Acid: An Efficient Reagent for the Chemoselective N-Acetylation of Amines under Green Conditions
Authors: Brahmachari Goutam , Laskar Sujay , Sarkar Sajal
Published: July 2010

The use of catalytic amount of metal acetate or metal oxide in acetic acid is a new and highly efficient acetylating system for chemoselective N-acetylation of primary and secondary amines in excellent yields under reflux condition. No other solvent is required. The noted features of this method include mild reaction conditions, use of innocuous reagents, excellent yields, convenient work-up, and reuse of catalyst.
APPRAISAL OF COMBINED AGREEMENTS IN BOT PROJECT FINANCE: FOCUSED ON MINIMUM REVENUE GUARANTEE AND REVENUE CAP AGREEMENTS
Authors: Jun Jaebum
Published: July 2010

Limited public funds for infrastructures have the government consider joining the private in a BOT project finance scheme. Generally, the BOT projects entail lots of managerial flexibilities that may induce the radical change of project's cash flows, an asymmetric payoff, when facing on the uncertainties due to the BOT project finance's unique characteristics. Among various managerial flexibilities in the BOT projects, the MRG (Minimum Revenue Guarantee) and the RCP (Revenue Cap) agreements are frequently used to protect the government and the developer from the operational risk. However, the combined effect of the MRG and RCP on the project value is not understood well because the traditional capital budgeting theory, the NPV (Net Present Value) analysis, is limited to assess the contingency of these agreements. So, the purpose of this paper is to develop the numerical model to assess the combined impact of the MRG and RCP agreements on the project value based on the option pricing theory and to suggest a theoretical framework. The approach applied in this paper is justified with the hypothetical BOT toll case and some meaningful conclusions are drawn from. The results by the option pricing concept are analyzed over those by NPV analysis and, finally, the combined value of the MRG and RCP agreements appears significant relative to the project value. Santruka Del ribotu viešojo sektoriaus lešu vyriausybe nusprende sujungti privačias lešas pagal SVP (angl. BOT) projektu finansavimo schema. Paprastai SVP projektai yra lanksčiai valdomi, todel gali sukelti radikaliu pokyčiu grynuosiuose projekto pinigu srautuose asimetrini atsipirkima del unikaliu SVP projektu finansavimo savybiu. Tarp ivairiu lanksčiu SVP projektu valdymo pavyzdžiu minetini minimalios pajamu garantijos (angl. MRG) ir pajamu kapitalizacijos (angl. RCP) susitarimai. Jie dažnai naudojami siekiant apsaugoti valdžia ir vystytoja nuo veiklos rizikos. Tačiau bendras minimaliu pajamu garantiju ir pajamu kapitalizacijos susitarimu poveikis projekto vertei nesuprantamas ir del to, kad tradicine kapitalo teorija, grynosios dabartines vertes (angl. NPV) analize yra ribotos vertinant nenumatytus šiu susitarimu atvejus. Taigi šio straipsnio tikslas ‐ pletoti skaitmenini modeli, ivertinti bendra minetu susitarimu poveiki projekto vertei, pagristai pasirinkto sandorio ikainojimo teorija, ir pasiūlyti teorini pagrindima. Šiame straipsnyje taikomas metodas pagristas hipotetiniais SVP rinkliavos atvejais ir kai kuriomis padarytomis išvadomis. Pasirinkto sandorio ikainojimo samprata analizuojama atliekant grynosios dabartines vertes analize, kol bendra minimaliu pajamu garantiju ir pajamu kapitalizacijos susitarimu verte tampa labai svarbi, palyginti su projekto verte.
Mobile Learning Via SMS Among Distance Learners: Does Learning Transfer Occur?
Authors: Ramli Aznarahayu , Ismail Issham , MD. Idrus Rozhan
Published: July 2010

The purpose of this study is to determine whether learners are willing to transfer learning in this mobile learning environment via SMS. The reason for this is to measure the effectiveness of the new method used in learning and education especially in distance education field. For this reason, studentsâ?? responses are gathered which looked at three factors namely learner characteristic, learning design and learning environment. The data are gathered through a survey research design with questionnaires using five-point likert scale. The questionnaires was administered for 105 distance education students from four courses including Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Social Science and Bachelor of Management. The Rasch Model Analysis was used to measure these dimensions. Rasch Model is a one-parameter logistic model within item response theory (IRT) whereby the amount of a given latent trait in a person and the amount of that same latent trait reflected in various items can be estimated independently yet still compared explicitly to one another. The result of the study showed that learning transfer occurred and being influenced most by learnerâ??s characteristics especially in term of their motivation as well as their perceive utility/value of the SMS learning to their job and academic performances.
A Review of the Navigation HCI Research During the 2000â??s
Authors: Vainio Teija
Published: July 2010

Two of the common problems associated with navigation research in the field of human computer interaction (HCI) systems, are the relatively narrow view that the display is able to provide for a large information space, and the impact that a diversity of contexts has on the usersâ?? divided attention. In recent years, much research has been focused on the development of navigation presentation techniques to address the first problem, and the development of capturing the context with multimodal interaction in order to address the second challenge. However, the growing number of new terminologies and techniques that has been developed has caused considerable confusion for HCI researchers, consequently making the comparison of these techniques and the generalization of empirical results of experiments very difficult, if not impossible. This article provides a taxonomy of current navigation research, which describes clearly the navigation research on desktop and non-desktop environments; it also helps to identify research domains that afford and promote the direction of navigation research. This review reveals gaps where navigation research has identified challenges but has not yet explored them.
Usability Study of Personalized Learning in Mobile Learning Environment
Authors: Majumder Moumita , Basu Pramatha Nath
Published: July 2010

In an effort to find out the best suitable application of mobile learning, several research works are undertaken till date. A review of related papers unveiled that mobile devices act better as a supporting media in teaching and learning scenario. The present worker has developed context specific learning modules i.e. personalized learning contents using an ontology based web service architecture and an experimantal exploration has been done with the target audience to justify the usability of such content in a real time environment. To ensure that the developed contents are acceptable and usable, usability aspects are carefully embedded during the analysis, design and development of the contents. In this paper, the steps to fulfill the usability aspects of the prepared contents are described, an architecture of the dissemination system has been designed and results of the study are presented.
The Role of CD80/CD86 in Generation and Maintenance of Functional Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Mice Infected with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus
Authors: Grujic Mirjana , Bartholdy Christina , Remy Melissa , Pinschewer Daniel D. , Christensen Jan P. , Thomsen Allan R.
Published: July 2010

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)–specific CD8+ T cell responses are considered to be independent of CD28–B7 costimulation. However, the LCMV-specific response has never been evaluated in B7.1/B7.2−/− mice. For this reason, we decided to study the T cell response in B7.1/B7.2−/− mice infected with two different strains of LCMV, one (Traub strain) typically causing low-grade chronic infection, and another (Armstrong clone 53b) displaying very limited capacity for establishing chronic infection. Using Traub virus we found that most B7.1/B7.2−/− mice were unable to rid themselves of the infection. Chronic infection was associated with a perturbed CD8+ T cell epitope hierarchy, as well as with the accumulation of cells expressing markers of terminal differentiation and being unable to respond optimally to Ag restimulation. Examination of matched CD28−/− mice revealed a similar albeit less pronounced pattern of CD8+ T cell dysfunction despite lack of virus persistence. Finally, analysis of B7.1/B7.2−/− mice infected with Armstrong virus revealed a scenario quite similar to that in Traub infected CD28−/− mice; that is, the mice displayed evidence of T cell dysfunction, but no chronic infection. Taken together, these results indicate that B7 costimulation is required for induction and maintenance of LCMV-specific CD8+ T cell memory, irrespective of the LCMV strain used for priming. However, the erosion of CD8+ T cell memory in B7.1/B7.2−/− mice was more pronounced in association with chronic infection. Finally, virus-specific T cell memory was more impaired in the absence of B7 molecules than in the absence of the CD28 receptor, supporting earlier data suggesting the existence of additional stimulatory receptors for B7.
Therapeutic Targeting of Syk in Autoimmune Diabetes
Authors: Colonna Lucrezia , Catalano Geoffrey , Chew Claude , D’Agati Vivette , Thomas James W. , Wong F. Susan , Schmitz Jochen , Masuda Esteban S. , Reizis Boris , Tarakhovsky Alexander , Clynes Raphael
Published: July 2010

In APCs, the protein tyrosine kinase Syk is required for signaling of several immunoreceptors, including the BCR and FcR. We show that conditional ablation of the syk gene in dendritic cells (DCs) abrogates FcγR-mediated cross priming of diabetogenic T cells in RIP-mOVA mice, a situation phenocopied in wild-type RIP-mOVA mice treated with the selective Syk inhibitor R788. In addition to blocking FcγR-mediated events, R788 also blocked BCR-mediated Ag presentation, thus broadly interrupting the humoral contributions to T cell-driven autoimmunity. Indeed, oral administration of R788 significantly delayed spontaneous diabetes onset in NOD mice and successfully delayed progression of early-established diabetes even when treatment was initiated after the development of glucose intolerance. At the DC level, R788 treatment was associated with reduced insulin-specific CD8 priming and decreased DC numbers. At the B cell level, R788 reduced total B cell numbers and total Ig concentrations. Interestingly, R788 increased the number of IL-10–producing B cells, thus inducing a tolerogenic B cell population with immunomodulatory activity. Taken together, we show by genetic and pharmacologic approaches that Syk in APCs is an attractive target in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes.
T Regulatory Cells Control Antigen-Induced Recruitment of Mast Cell Progenitors to the Lungs of C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Jones Tatiana G. , Finkelman Fred D. , Austen K. Frank , Gurish Michael F.
Published: July 2010

In C57BL/6 mice, the recruitment of mast cell progenitors (MCps) to the lung is a feature of Ag-induced pulmonary inflammation that requires sensitization and challenge and is totally inhibited by the administration of anti-CD4 at the time of challenge. When mAb to TGFβ1 or to IL-10R was administered at the time of challenge, the recruitment of MCp/106 mononuclear cells (MNCs) to the lung was inhibited by 56.3 and 69.6%, respectively, whereas mAb to IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-17F had no effect. In sensitized and challenged C57BL/6 mice lacking TGFβRII on CD4+ cells, the recruitment of MCp/106 MNCs was reduced by 67.8%. The requirement for TGFβ1 and IL-10 suggested a role for CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells. Mice treated with anti-CD25 at the time of Ag-challenge showed a reduction in the recruitment of MCp/106 MNCs by 77.2% without any reduction in MNC influx. These results reveal an unexpected role for T regulatory cells in promoting the recruitment of MCps to the lungs of C57BL/6 mice with Ag-induced pulmonary inflammation.
Abatacept Limits Breach of Self-Tolerance in a Murine Model of Arthritis via Effects on the Generation of T Follicular Helper Cells
Authors: Platt Andrew M. , Gibson Vivienne B. , Patakas Agapitos , Benson Robert A. , Nadler Steven G. , Brewer James M. , McInnes Iain B. , Garside Paul
Published: July 2010

Abatacept modulates CD28-mediated T cell costimulation and is efficacious in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated but will likely reveal critical pathologic pathways in RA. We show that abatacept substantially modulated Ag-specific T and B cell responses in vivo. Ag-specific T cell proliferation was reduced, and the acquisition of an activated phenotype, characterized by upregulation of CD69, OX40, ICOS, and programmed death-1 and downregulation of CD62L, was suppressed. Furthermore, abatacept suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-γ and IL-17. These effects were associated with a failure of Ag-specific T cells to acquire the CXCR5+ICOS+ T follicular helper cell phenotype. This, in turn, led to a failure of these cells to enter B cell follicles, resulting in reduced specific Ab responses, despite normal B cell clonal expansion. To test the pathologic significance of this, we used a novel model of RA associated with breach of self-tolerance to self-Ag and demonstrated that abatacept prevented the emergence of self-reactivity. Thus, CD28-dependent signaling is required for optimal T follicular helper cell maturation and expansion, and its inhibition prevents loss of self-tolerance in a model of articular pathology. Thus, we provide a novel mode of action for abatacept with profound implications for its potential usefulness in early inflammatory arthropathies associated with autoantibody expression.
ChemInform Abstract: (NH4)2Ge7O15: A Microporous Material Containing GeO4 and GeO6 Polyhedra in Nine‐Rings.
Authors: CASCALES C. , GUTIERREZ‐PUEBLA E. , MONGE M. A. , RUIZ‐VALERO C.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Crystal Structures of WS2: Microtubes, Ribbons, and Ropes.
Authors: REMSKAR M. , SKRABA Z. , REGULA M. , BALLIF C. , SANJINES R. , LEVY F.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Crystal Structure of Nb3AuHx.
Authors: ANTONOV V. E. , BOKHENKOV E. L. , DORNER B. , FEDOTOV V. K. , GROSSE G. , LATYNIN A. I. , WAGNER F. E. , WORDEL R.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties of Ba1‐ySryPrO3 (0 ≤ y ≤ 1.0).
Authors: ITOH M. , HINATSU Y.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Closely Related Intersecting Tunnel Structures: The Monophosphates K3V1.4W2.6O9 (PO4)2 and K3Nb3WO9(PO4)2.
Authors: BERRAH F. , MEZAOUI D. , GUESDON A. , BOREL M. M. , LECLAIRE A. , PROVOST J. , RAVEAU B.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Bulk Monoclinic Eu3+:Y2O3 and Comparison to Eu3+:Y2O3 Nanocrystals.
Authors: WILLIAMS D. K. , BIHARI B. , TISSUE B. M. , MCHALE J. M.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ho—Cu—P System.
Authors: KUZ'MA YU. B , MOZHARIVSKII YU. A. , PANAS O. N.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectra and Structure of C60F24.
Authors: OKOTRUB A. V. , BULUSHEVA L. G. , YUDANOV N. F. , ASANOV I. P.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Three 2,5‐Disubstituted 9‐Oxabicyclo[4.2.1]nonanes. Transannular O‐Heterocyclization Products of Cycloocta‐1,5‐diene.
Authors: HEGEMANN K. , HAUFE G. , FROEHLICH R. , ZIPPEL F.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: α,α‐Difluoro‐β‐lactone and Its Non‐Fluorinated Analogue.
Authors: ABBOUD K. A. , OCAMPO R. , DOLBIER W. R. JUN.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies on the Conformation of Some α‐Sulfinylacetophenones.
Authors: OLIVATO P. R. , MONDINO M. G. , YREIJO M. H. , WLADISLAW B. , BJORKLUND M. B. , MARZORATI L. , DISTEFANO G. , DAL COLLE M. , BOMBIERI G. , DEL PRA A.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Substituent Effects on the Solvolysis of 2,2,2‐Trifluoro‐1,1‐diphenylethyl Tosylates. Part 2. 3‐Chlorophenyl‐ and 3,5‐Dichlorophenyl‐Fixed Systems
Authors: FUJIO M. , MORIMOTO H. , KIM H.‐J. , TSUNO Y.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Steric Acceleration in the Reaction of Aryl Bromides with Tributylstannyl Radicals.
Authors: CRICH D. , RECUPERO F.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral β‐Amino Sulfoxides as Chiral Ligands in Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylations.
Authors: HIROI K. , SUZUKI Y.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Methyllithium to 2‐Furaldehyde Imine with the Aid of Chiral Ligand.
Authors: TANIYAMA D. , KANAI M. , IIDA A. , TOMIOKA K.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Correlations in Ionic Solids by Means of ab initio Quantum Chemistry.
Authors: DOLL K. , DOLG M. , FULDE P. , STOLL H.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of In(ReO4)3×4.5H2O.
Authors: KHRUSTALEV V. N. , VARFOLOMEEV M. B. , SHAMRAI N. B. , VOL'FKOVICH A. YU.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of KTbF5 and Early Crystal‐Chemical Data from Single‐Crystal Works for Eight‐Coordinated Tb4+ Ion.
Authors: GAUMET V. , LARGEAU E. , AVIGNANT D.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Discharge Rate Capability of the LiCoO2 Electrode.
Authors: ABRAHAM K. M. , PASQUARIELLO D. M. , WILLSTAEDT E. M.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemistry of Chemically Lithiated NaV3O8: A Positive Electrode Material for Use in Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: SPAHR M. E. , NOVAK P. , SCHEIFELE W. , HAAS O. , NESPER R.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: EPR Characterization of (CeO2)1‐y(La2CuO4)y Oxide Mixtures and Their Catalytic Activity for NO Reduction by CO.
Authors: OLIVA C. , FORNI L. , EZERETS A. M. , MUKOVOZOV I. E. , VISHNIAKOV A. V.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mn(III) Containing Ferrites in the System Li0.5Fe2.5‐xMnxO4.
Authors: BONSDORF G. , SCHAEFFER K. , LANGBEIN H.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonlinear Optical Chromophores with Isoquinolines, Thieno[2,3‐c]pyridines and 2‐(2′‐Thienyl)pyridines as Inherently Polarized π‐Electron Bridges
Authors: NERENZ H. , MEIER M. , GRAHN W. , REISNER A. , SCHMAELZLIN E. , STADLER S. , MEERHOLZ K. , BRAEUCHLE C. , JONES P. G.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 1,1′‐Binaphthyl and 2,2′‐Bi‐o‐tolyl‐2,2′‐bis(oxazoline)s and Preliminary Use for the Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Oxidation of Cyclohexene.
Authors: ANDRUS M. B. , ASGARI D. , SCLAFANI J. A.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Formation of Chalcogenoenynes via Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of α‐Bromovinylic Chalcogenides.
Authors: BRAGA A. L. , ZENI G. , DE ANDRADE L. H. , SILVEIRA C. C. , STEFANI H. A.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Reactions of 2,3‐Dichloro‐1,4‐naphthoquinone.
Authors: SARHAN A. E.‐W. A. O. , EL‐DEAN A. M. K. , ABDEL‐MONEM M. I.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Free‐Radical Chemistry of Lactones: Fragmentation of β‐Lactones. The Beneficial Effect of Catalytic Benzeneselenol on Chain Propagation.
Authors: CRICH D. , MO X.‐S.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Zeolite H‐ZSM 5 Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols with Chromium Trioxide. Part 9. General Synthetic Methods.
Authors: PITRE S. V. , REDDY M. V. R. , VANKAR Y. D.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Homogeneous Hydrogenations Without Direction by Substituents.
Authors: FARRINGTON E. , FRANCHINI M. C. , BROWN J. M.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Manganese‐Mediated Reactions in Aqueous Media: Chemoselective Allylation and Pinacol Coupling of Aryl Aldehydes.
Authors: LI C.‐J. , MENG Y. , YI X.‐H. , MA J. , CHAN T.‐H.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimethyl Carbonate as a Methylating Agent. The Selective Mono‐C‐methylation of Alkyl Aryl Sulfones.
Authors: BOMBEN A. , SELVA M. , TUNDO P.
Published: July 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.