bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A proposed molecular mechanism for pathogenesis of severe RNA-viral pulmonary infections
Authors: Rogan Peter K. , Mucaki Eliseos J. , Shirley Ben C.
Published: January 2021

Background:Certain riboviruses can cause severe pulmonary complications leading to death in some infected patients. We propose that DNA damage induced-apoptosis accelerates viral release, triggered by depletion of host RNA binding proteins (RBPs) from nuclear RNA bound to replicating viral sequences.

Methods:Information theory-based analysis of interactions between RBPs and individual sequences in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Influenza A (H3N2), HIV-1, and Dengue genomes identifies strong RBP binding sites in these viral genomes. Replication and expression of viral sequences is expected to increasingly sequester RBPs - SRSF1 and RNPS1. Ordinarily, RBPs bound to nascent host transcripts prevents their annealing to complementary DNA. Their depletion induces destabilizing R-loops. Chromosomal breakage occurs when an excess of unresolved R-loops collide with incoming replication forks, overwhelming the DNA repair machinery. We estimated stoichiometry of inhibition of RBPs in host nuclear RNA by counting competing binding sites in replicating viral genomes and host RNA.

Results:Host RBP binding sites are frequent and conserved among different strains of RNA viral genomes. Similar binding motifs of SRSF1 and RNPS1 explain why DNA damage resulting from SRSF1 depletion is complemented by expression of RNPS1. Clustering of strong RBP binding sites coincides with the distribution of RNA-DNA hybridization sites across the genome. SARS-CoV-2 replication is estimated to require 32.5-41.8 hours to effectively compete for binding of an equal proportion of SRSF1 binding sites in host encoded nuclear RNAs. Significant changes in expression of transcripts encoding DNA repair and apoptotic proteins were found in an analysis of influenza A and Dengue-infected cells in some individuals.

Conclusions:R-loop-induced apoptosis indirectly resulting from viral replication could release significant quantities of membrane-associated virions into neighboring alveoli. These could infect adjacent pneumocytes and other tissues, rapidly compromising lung function, causing multiorgan system failure and other described symptoms.
Representation of behaviour change interventions and their evaluation: Development of the Upper Level of the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology
Authors: Michie Susan , West Robert , Finnerty Ailbhe N. , Norris Emma , Wright Alison J. , Marques Marta M. , Johnston Marie , Kelly Michael P. , Thomas James , Hastings Janna
Published: January 2021

Background: Behaviour change interventions (BCI), their contexts and evaluation methods are heterogeneous, making it difficult to synthesise evidence and make recommendations for real-world policy and practice. Ontologies provide a means for addressing this. They represent knowledge formally as entities and relationships using a common language able to cross disciplinary boundaries and topic domains. This paper reports the development of the upper level of the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology (BCIO), which provides a systematic way to characterise BCIs, their contexts and their evaluations.

Methods: Development took place in four steps. (1) Entities and relationships were identified by behavioural and social science experts, based on their knowledge of evidence and theory, and their practical experience of behaviour change interventions and evaluations. (2) The outputs of the first step were critically examined by a wider group of experts, including the study ontology expert and those experienced in annotating relevant literature using the initial ontology entities. The outputs of the second step were tested by (3) feedback from three external international experts in ontologies and (4) application of the prototype upper-level BCIO to annotating published reports; this informed the final development of the upper-level BCIO.

Results: The final upper-level BCIO specifies 42 entities, including the BCI scenario, elaborated across 21 entities and 7 relationship types, and the BCI evaluation study comprising 10 entities and 9 relationship types. BCI scenario entities include the behaviour change intervention (content and delivery), outcome behaviour, mechanism of action, and its context, which includes population and setting. These entities have corresponding entities relating to the planning and reporting of interventions and their evaluations.

Conclusions: The upper level of the BCIO provides a comprehensive and systematic framework for representing BCIs, their contexts and their evaluations.
A SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO ENTERPRISE CRISIS MANAGEMENT IN THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Mihalachi Ruslan , Bancila Natalia
Published: January 2021

Crises are characteristic of any system, including economic entities in the process of its evolution. These usually signal the accumulation of a critical mass - of the restriction factors, the elimination or activation of which is necessary, either to prolong the reproduction process or to move to a new quality. The recent global economic crisis, related to the global pandemic situation, has made crisis management at both macro-economic and micro-economic levels one of the most important management tools to revive the critical situation globally. The crisis at all levels is always accompanied by a chronic organizational and financial instability, determining the need to develop measures that would be coherent in the new conditions of the economic environment accompanied by the political and social. The critical situation in the country's economy is confirmed by the worsening financial situation of domestic enterprises, the increase in losses, and, respectively, the number of enterprises on the verge of bankruptcy. Such a critical situation makes the issue of efficient organization of the management of the activity of enterprises in economic difficulty/crisis extremely topical. From this point of view, choosing the methods of crisis management and transforming them into an effective tool in entrepreneurship is a priority. The decisive role, in this sense, must belong to the diagnosis and financial forecasting of the dangers of crises at the enterprise by considering the factors that caused the crisis or even bankruptcy. The management of financial crises was constrained by the insufficient development of the informational-methodical base in this direction. In this context, not only the local experience but also the global one showed that the use of crisis management is quite difficult from a practical point of view, respectively, it requires an improvement and development in methodological-methodological terms, which requires evaluation of meticulous crises at the enterprise, which allows the diagnosis and prediction of crises with higher accuracy at each stage of its development.
THE NATURE OF SHADOW DIGITAL ECONOMICS
Authors: Ohrimenco Serghei , Borta Grigori
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyze, discuss, and develop a study of world universal digitalization processes as well as challenges and threats, and develop an approach to defining the shadow digital economy. Along with huge innovative achievements, digitalization processes are accompanied by the formation of a digital economy and the growth of illegal activities. Digital economy implies total globalization, creates an ultra-high competitive environment, provides a new quality of life, business, and public services. At the same time, many traditional areas of activity are being destroyed. In addition to understandable achievements, it is necessary to analyze new obvious and hidden threats that digitalization processes carry. The analysis shows the causes and factors of the emergence and functioning of the new segment in the shadow economy. The approaches to the definition of this category and its content are discussed. A classification of criminal-oriented products and services that are the basis of a highly profitable illegal business has been proposed. The problem of confrontation with Shadow Digital Economics acquires particular urgency in the face of the emergence of new overt and hidden threats to the individuals, society, and the state. The main components of the digitalization process are analyzed. Conclusions are drawn about the development of shadow digitalization processes and the formation of a shadow digital economy, which is directly related to cybersecurity.
SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND WAGES
Authors: Pontiff Ivan , Block Walter
Published: January 2021

We wrestle with the issue of whether or not discrimination, in favor of or against straight and gay people can account for wage divergences between these two groups of people. Section II is devoted to empirical evidence supporting the existence of a discrimination wage gap due to sexual orientation. The majority of studies provided have concluded that sexual orientation diminishes wages for homosexual and bisexual men, whereas it increases wage premiums for homosexual women. Discrimination due to sexual orientation, specifically homo/bisexual males, is present in foreign labor markets as well as in the United States. In these calculations, all other factors, such as age, education, race, marital status, etc., are identified and taken into consideration when calculating the effect of sexuality on wage differences. Section III strives to explain why the discrimination wage gap cannot exist through a theoretical approach. In equilibrium, sexual preference can play no role whatsoever in wage gaps. We are never in full equilibrium, but the “expected value” is that we are always exactly on point, in the absence of any reason to expect over or underestimating prices or wages. We expect that discrimination cannot account for gay people being paid less than straights, assuming equal productivity. At equilibrium, these economic boycotts are impotent due to profit opportunities. We conclude leaving the reader to decide which perspective is more true.
Flexible finance: the key to sustainably acquiring new diagnostic technology for preventative medicine
Authors: Pinnock Penny
Published: January 2021

Preventative medicine could be pivotal in reducing the human and financial burden of disease, but the fast-evolving technology requires investment. Penny Pinnock explains how flexible finance could make these developments more accessible to NHS trusts.
Mucormycosis osteomyelitis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Costa-Paz Matias , Muscolo D. Luis , Ayerza Miguel A. , Sanchez Marisa , Astoul Bonorino Juan , Yacuzzi Carlos , Carbo Lisandro
Published: January 2021

Aims

Our purpose was to describe an unusual series of 21 patients with fungal osteomyelitis after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R).

Methods

We present a case-series of consecutive patients treated at our institution due to a severe fungal osteomyelitis after an arthroscopic ACL-R from November 2005 to March 2015. Patients were referred to our institution from different areas of our country. We evaluated the amount of bone resection required, type of final reconstructive procedure performed, and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) functional score.

Results

A total of 21 consecutive patients were included in the study; 19 were male with median age of 28 years (IQR 25 to 32). All ACL-R were performed with hamstrings autografts with different fixation techniques. An oncological-type debridement was needed to control persistent infection symptoms. There were no recurrences of fungal infection after median of four surgical debridements (IQR 3 to 6). Five patients underwent an extensive curettage due to the presence of large cavitary lesions and were reconstructed with hemicylindrical intercalary allografts (HIAs), preserving the epiphysis. An open surgical debridement was performed resecting the affected epiphysis in 15 patients, with a median bone loss of 11 cm (IQR 11.5 to 15.6). From these 15 cases, eight patients were reconstructed with allograft prosthesis composites (APC); six with tumour-type prosthesis (TTP) and one required a femoral TTP in combination with a tibial APC. One underwent an above-the-knee amputation. The median MSTS functional score was 20 points at a median of seven years (IQR 5 to 9) of follow-up.

Conclusion

This study suggests that mucormycosis infection after an ACL-R is a serious complication. Diagnosis is usually delayed until major bone destructive lesions are present. This may originate additional massive reconstructive surgeries with severe functional limitations for the patients. Level of evidence: IV Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;2(1):3–8.
3D shape and strain measurement of a thin-walled elastic cylinder using fringe projection profilometry
Authors: de Jesús Ortiz-González Antonio , Martínez-García Amalia , Pascual-Francisco Juan Benito , Rayas-Álvarez Juan Antonio , de Jesús Flores-García Alexis
Published: January 2021

This paper describes an optical measurement system that is capable of simultaneously measuring a three-dimensional shape and circumferential train in a thin-walled cylinder. We used the fringe projection technique to obtain a three-dimensional shape and out-of-plane displacements, which were then associated with out-of-plane strain. Although 360 deg profilometry is not new, we propose an experimental setup that requires only one camera and one projector, since two mirrors are located at 120 deg with respect to the

y

−

z

plane of the reference system to obtain three distinct, complementary views of the sample studied. A sequence of images of the fringe pattern was captured and processed using the phase-shifting method, while the out-of-plane data were determined by comparing the specimen before and after deformation. A latex tube filled with liquid was used to perform mechanical testing. The cylinder was subjected to internal hydrostatic pressure that caused deformation. Experimental results were compared with analytical solutions, and the results show that out-of-plane strains can be accurately measured using the proposed method.
Aedes aegypti post-emergence transcriptome: Unveiling the molecular basis for the hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation
Authors: de Carvalho Stephanie S. , Rodovalho Cynara M. , Gaviraghi Alessandro , Mota Maria Beatriz S. , Jablonka Willy , Rocha-Santos Carlúcio , Nunes Rodrigo D. , Sá-Guimarães Thayane da Encarnação , Oliveira Daniele S. , Melo Ana C. A. , Moreira Monica F. , Fampa Patrícia , Oliveira Marcus F. , da Silva-Neto Mario Alberto C. , Mesquita Rafael D. , Atella Georgia C.
Published: January 2021

The adult females ofAedes aegyptimosquitoes are facultative hematophagous insects but they are unable to feed on blood right after pupae emergence. The maturation process that takes place during the first post-emergence days, hereafter named hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation, comprises a set of molecular and physiological changes that prepare the females for the first gonotrophic cycle. Notwithstanding, the molecular bases underlying mosquito hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation remain obscure. Here, we investigated the molecular and biochemical changes in adultAe.aegyptialong the first four days post-emergence, prior to a blood meal. We performed a RNA-Seq analysis of the head and body, comparing male and female gene expression time courses. A total of 811 and 203 genes were differentially expressed, respectively in the body and head, and both body parts showed early, mid, and late female-specific expression profiles. Female-specific up-regulation of genes involved in muscle development and the oxidative phosphorylation pathway were remarkable features observed in the head. Functional assessment of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in heads showed a gradual increase in respiratory capacity and ATP-linked respiration as a consequence of induced mitochondrial biogenesis and content over time. This pattern strongly suggests that boosting oxidative phosphorylation in heads is a required step towards blood sucking habit. Several salivary gland genes, proteases, and genes involved in DNA replication and repair, ribosome biogenesis, and juvenile hormone signaling were up-regulated specifically in the female body, which may reflect the gonotrophic capacitation. This comprehensive description of molecular and biochemical mechanisms of the hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation in mosquitoes unravels potentially new targets for vector control.
Use of a modular ontology and a semantic annotation tool to describe the care pathway of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a coordination network
Authors: Cardoso Sonia , Meneton Pierre , Aimé Xavier , Meininger Vincent , Grabli David , Guezennec Gilles , Charlet Jean
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study was to describe the care pathway of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) based on real-life textual data from a regional coordination network, the Ile-de-France ALS network. This coordination network provides care for 92% of patients diagnosed with ALS living in Ile-de-France. We developed a modular ontology (OntoPaRON) for the automatic processing of these unstructured textual data. OntoPaRON has different modules: the core, medical, socio-environmental, coordination, and consolidation modules. Our approach was unique in its creation of fully defined concepts at different levels of the modular ontology to address specific topics relating to healthcare trajectories. We also created a semantic annotation tool specific to the French language and the specificities of our corpus, the Ontology-Based Semantic Annotation Module (OnBaSAM), using the OntoPaRON ontology as a reference. We used these tools to annotate the records of 928 patients automatically. The semantic (qualitative) annotations of the concepts were transformed into quantitative data. By using these pipelines we were able to transform unstructured textual data into structured quantitative data. Based on data processing, semantic annotations, sociodemographic data for the patient and clinical variables, we found that the need and demand for human and technical assistance depend on the initial form of the disease, the motor state, and the patient age. The presence of exhaustion in care management, is related to the patient’s motor and cognitive state.
To meat or not to meat?
Authors: Brønnum Louise Beck , Jensen Asmus Gamdrup , Schmidt Charlotte Vinther
Published: January 2021

We are facing a pandemic: climate change. In order to sustain a future population with a healthy diet, we need drastic changes in our food systems. With the demand for change both in our eating behaviour and the food industry, this opinion article dives into a currently disputed food resource with regards to climate impact: meat. First, the importance of understanding the dynamic term ‘sustainability’ is stressed. We argue that an interdisciplinary approach, which encounters not only social, economic and environmental factors, but also historical and especially taste aspects, are essential to change the current behaviour, aspects which are often forgotten in the discussion about sustainability. In the light of taste, and in particular the liking hereof, we argue that ‘umamification’ should be part of the consideration in a sustainable food system, which could come from alternative protein sources, such as marine animals or using meat in small amounts as a seasoning rather than not eating meat at all. The sustainable taste should not be tasteless but should be even tastier in the future in order to create a sustainable food system.
Ethics, moral and moralization: Sustainability in food education
Authors: Wistoft Karen
Published: January 2021

How do you teach sustainability in food education? By preaching and giving lectures? Or by supporting the reflexive capacities of students? It is the opinion of this article that teaching taste and food design with regard to sustainability must be ethically reflexive. We should not moralize. Focusing on sustainability as a reflexive concept, students should not only learn to eat what is deemed to be the right things to eat; they must also learn to relate to food and meals in a critical and informed way. The article points out what ‘damage’ moralization can do if food and sustainability are designed or communicated without ethical reflections.
В постматериалистическом тренде: мотивация участников протеста в сквере у Театра драмы в Екатеринбурге
Authors: Белоусов Александр Борисович , Давыдов Дмитрий Александрович , Кочухова Елена Сергеевна
Published: January 2021

В статье на примере событий в сквере у Театра драмы в Екатеринбурге (май 2019 г.) рассматривается феномен постматериалистического протеста. Опираясь на концепцию Р. Инглхарта, авторы выдвигают тезис о долгосрочном тренде к «постматериализации» протестной активности в современной России. Все реже поводами для открытого выражения гражданами недовольства становятся сугубо социально-экономические причины (пенсионная реформа, бедность, рост цен), и все чаще — политические (борьба за свободу, гражданские права), экологические, культурные и т.д. В частности, в Екатеринбурге борьба против застройки сквера собрала значительно большее количество человек и привлекла большее внимание СМИ, чем протест против пенсионной реформы в августе 2018 г. На основе проведенных совместно со ВЦИОМ полуструктурированных интервью с участниками майских событий в Екатеринбурге (N = 20) авторы делают вывод, что мотивация позволяет отнести этот протест к постматериалистическим.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках работы по проекту РФФИ № 20-411-660027 «Мониторинг и прогнозирование социальных конфликтов в Свердловской области в 2020—2022 гг.»
Авторы также выражают благодарность Валерию Федорову и Алексею Фирсову за совместную работу над инструментарием интервью с участниками протестов в Екатеринбурге.
Россия — страна возможностей? Смотря как считать
Authors: Ибрагимова Зульфия Фануровна , Франц Марина Валерьевна
Published: January 2021

Работа посвящена исследованию влияния выбора меры неравенства на результаты измерения неравенства возможностей. Анализ базируется на данных социологического опроса Life in Transition III (волна 2016 г.), проводимого Европейским банком реконструкции и развития. Кроме того, используются данные пятнадцатой и двадцатой волн Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ, представляющего собой серию ежегодных общенациональных репрезентативных опросов. Расчеты выполнялись с применением параметрической методики на основе ex–ante подхода, использовалась как прямая, так и косвенная процедура оценки неравенства возможностей. Установлено, что выбор меры неравенства оказывает значительное влияние на результаты измерения неравенства возможностей. Выявлено, что применение индексов Тейла является более предпочтительным, чем использование индекса Джини, в связи с тем, что расхождение между оценками, получаемыми прямым и косвенным методами, максимально велико при использовании индекса Джини и минимально при использовании индекса Тейла L.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ (проект № 19–010–00453).
Уязвимые группы в чрезвычайных ситуациях: солидарность и доверие государству как основа стратегий мигрантов в России во время пандемии COVID-19
Authors: Рочева Анна Леонидовна , Варшавер Евгений Александрович , Иванова Наталия Сергеевна
Published: January 2021

Мигранты относятся к числу уязвимых групп, для которых столкновение с чрезвычайной ситуацией, такой как ураган или эпидемия, как правило, сопряжено с особенно высокими рисками. Эти риски могут быть нивелированы или, наоборот, усилены в зависимости от того, как группа реагирует на эту ситуацию. Имеющиеся научные работы содержат в большей степени экспертные оценки и редко основываются на эмпирических данных; они свидетельствуют, что положение мигрантов в разных странах, включая Россию, в условиях пандемии COVID-19 можно охарактеризовать как уязвимое в плане эпидемиологических и экономических рисков. Исследований же о том, как именно мигранты в России или в других странах реагировали на пандемию коронавируса, найти не удалось. В этой статье мы определяем стратегии мигрантов в России в контексте их реагирования на ситуацию пандемии и введения карантинных мер в 2020 г. Исследование основано на данных онлайн-опроса, проведенного с помощью таргетинга в социальных сетях «ВКонтакте» и Instagram среди мигрантов из Кыргызстана и Узбекистана и местных жителей (N = 2074). Мы выделяем две переменные: (1) высокий или низкий уровень солидарности и (2) доверие или недоверие российскому государству, — и на их основании конструируем четыре стратегии. В отличие от местных респондентов, среди мигрантов гораздо меньше распространена стратегия, предполагающая низкий уровень солидарности и недоверие государству, а преобладают стратегии, в которых заложены высокий уровень солидарности и доверие государству — или как минимум один из этих элементов. Мы предполагаем, что именно распространенность этих стратегий способствовала тому, что мигранты в России смогли пережить первую волну коронавируса и карантинных ограничений с меньшими потерями, чем можно было ожидать, ориентируясь на характеристики их положения в России.
Благодарность. Статья написана на основании научно-исследовательской работы «Анализ характеристик расселения иностранных мигрантов в России в контексте необходимости их интеграции в российское общество» в рамках государственного задания РАНХиГС на 2020 г.
Цифровые волонтерские платформы: готовность россиян и потенциал применения
Authors: Мерсиянова Ирина Владимировна , Брюхно Александра Сергеевна
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматривается потенциал использования цифровых волонтерских платформ в России на основе данных количественного и качественного исследований, проведенных в период самоизоляции в связи с распространением новой коронавирусной инфекции (апрель — май 2020 г.) Центром исследований гражданского общества и некоммерческого сектора НИУ «Высшая школа экономики» в рамах проекта «Самоорганизация и взаимопомощь в условиях противодействия распространению коронавирусной инфекции».
На основе данных всероссийского опроса населения (N = 2012) выявлено, что уровень готовности зарегистрироваться на специализированном сайте, позволяющем добровольцам узнавать о том, где и когда они могли бы оказать помощь нуждающимся, подобрать себе подходящую волонтерскую работу, достаточно высок. Ключевыми факторами, влияющими на готовность к использованию подобных сайтов, являются половозрастные параметры, уровень образования, род занятий, а также вовлеченность в добровольческую деятельность. Результаты онлайн-фокус-групп (с обычными гражданами и с волонтерами) также демонстрируют востребованность волонтерских онлайн-платформ. Определены основные желаемые характеристики сайта-агрегатора, такие как возможность выбирать из большого числа разнообразных волонтерских активностей, доступность, безопасность и прозрачность.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено при поддержке Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ «Высшая школа экономики».
Цифровизация деятельности российских волонтеров в чрезвычайных ситуациях: влияние пандемии или самостоятельный тренд развития?
Authors: Башева Ольга Александровна , Ермолаева Полина Олеговна
Published: January 2021

Пандемия COVID-19 уникальна тем, что связанные с ней события разворачиваются в период повсеместного развития информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Следствием цифровизации стало формирование глобального коммуникационного пространства, которое характеризуется неизмеримо большими потоками информации, возможностями ее использования, воздействием на все жизненные процессы, сознание и поведение людей. Электронная коммерция, дистанционная работа и обучение, онлайн-услуги, досуг и развлечения стали «новой нормальностью» современного мира, а также основными инструментами в попытках справиться с социально-экономическим кризисом, поддержанием социальных коммуникаций, помощи и взаимодействий между различными группами населения.
Гражданское общество, включая некоммерческие добровольческие организации, сыграло значительную роль в восполнении данных функций и стало одной из сфер, оказавшихся в режиме «социального эксперимента» во время стремительной цифровизации в период пандемии. В данной статье, опираясь на результаты оригинального эмпирического исследования, авторы рассмотрели потенциал и ограничения цифровых технологий в реализации функций волонтеров, в частности добровольных лесных пожарных и поисково-спасательных отрядов, действующих в чрезвычайных ситуациях, в условиях кризиса COVID-19. Цифровые форматы позволили продолжить такие виды деятельности, как образование и просвещение, но не заменили реальной работы на местах. В то же время цифровизация волонтерской работы происходит уже давно, а нынешний кризис лишь ускорил ее, породив ряд новых проблем, таких как «цифровое выгорание».
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках проекта «Волонтерство в чрезвычайных ситуациях как ответ на природные и техногенные вызовы в России», поддержанного РНФ, грант № 19-78-10052.
Analisis Tingkat Penerimaan dan Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Puskesmas Di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Pinerdi Sedyo , Ardianto Efri Tri , Dwi Elisanti Alinea
Published: January 2021

The Health Office (HE) in Jember District has conducted tests the operation of 40% Public Health Center Information System Management (SIMPUS). But from 20 public health centers (PHC), only 80% of the PHC ran it. The HE of Jember targets the end of 2019 SIMPUS will be fully operated in 50 PHC throughout the Jember district. The study aims to analyze the acceptance and use of technology systems in health center management by using the methods of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The study examined variables of performance expectation, effort expectation, social impact, facilitating conditions, behavioral interest, and behavior of SIMPUS users. This study was analytic research. The data analysis technique used path analysis. The result explains the performance expectation is effected to the behavioral interest (t-value: 2,9); effort expectation is effected to the behavioral interest (t-value:1,01); social impact is effected to the behavioral interest (t-value: 9,47); facilitating conditions is effected to the user's behavioral (t-value:4,67); behavioral interest is effected to the user's behavior (t-value:8,54). Important for Health Office to maintain SIMPUS quality as well as to frequent SIMPUS updates in order to increase SIMPUS behavior
Percepcja ryzyka niepowodzenia zawodowego wśród studentów
Authors: Wódz Jacek , Szczepańska-Woszczyna Katarzyna
Published: January 2021

The author reflects on the risk of professional failure among students. He believes that in this case we have a vague definition of professional failure. He indicates both causes, those independent of humans and those related to their own actions or negligence. Then he refers to the category of occupation and its place in times of uncertainty. Pointing to the factors determining the perception of the risk of professional failure, he emphasizes the role of the University, which gives support to its students in the process of their professional risk assessment.
O potrzebie wspomagania rozwoju małego dziecka. Wyzwania dla praktyki pedagogicznej
Authors: Ratajczak Anna
Published: January 2021

The subject of the article is the concept of supporting the development of a small child, as this action, which taken by significant people, can significantly contribute to the optimization of development. The article consists of three main issues. In the first of them, the concept of development support will be subject to the characteristics. Subsequently, selected results of own research will be presented, and ultimately the author will attempt to indicate specific implications for pedagogical practice related to the topic being undertaken.
Pedagogiczne i socjologiczne spojrzenie na zdrowie i bezpieczeństwo zdrowotne Polaków
Authors: Stefańska Anita , Marcinkowski Marian
Published: January 2021

The societies of developed countries, including Poland, are characterized by the dissemination of manifestations of the consumer lifestyle, which leads to a systematic deterioration of health and quality of life. The health and health safety should be systematically monitored and given in-depth scientific analyses, also from the perspective of pedagogy and sociology. In the scientific discourse there are various issues concerning both health hazards (inter alia related to globalization changes and lifestyle) and health promotion (for example, shaping pro-health attitudes and dissemination of participation in physical culture). Promoting a healthy lifestyle must be accompanied by investments in the material cultural-educational and sports-recreational base as well as by educational influences shaping the necessary level of knowledge and skills in the field of health.
A AVALIAÇÃO FORMATIVA A FAVOR DA APRENDIZAGEM DO EDUCANDO.
Authors: Silva dos Santos e Paula Júlia Tadeu
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:

O presente trabalho objetiva apresentar uma proposta de avaliação que favoreça as aprendizagens discentes, simultaneamente em que permite aos docentes a regulação do ensino. Tendo como resultado uma aprendizagem do educando, em que o contexto e a vivência dos alunos sejam valorizados. Nesse sentido, verifica-se na Avaliação formativa fatores que possibilitam o dinamismo da aprendizagem que se deseja atingir.

A Concepção Formativa é uma ferramenta pautada nos processos, que visam corrigir falhas que levem a superação das dificuldades, oportunizando ao professor, juntamente com o aluno, refletirem sobre o mesmo objeto de estudo.

Entretanto não se deve desconsiderar a importância quantitativa da avaliação, mas, ao enfatizar números e conceitos, está se “reproduzindo” um ensino reprodutivista e não participativo.

Neste sentido, a concepção formativa se coloca a favor do processo ensino aprendizagem, em contraposição à concepção tradicional, por visar o aprimoramento das aprendizagens em etapas e não no resultado final.
APLICABILIDADE DA TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA NA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Lourenço de Sá Adriana , Freitas da Silva Elisângela , Costa Machado Marília
Published: January 2021

A Tecnologia Assistiva é uma área do conhecimento, de característica interdisciplinar, que engloba produtos, recursos, metodologias, estratégias, práticas e serviços que objetivam promover a funcionalidade, relacionada à atividade e participação de pessoas com deficiência, incapacidades ou mobilidade reduzida, visando sua autonomia, independência, qualidade de vida e inclusão social. Segundo censo do IBGE de 2010 há cerca de 45 milhões de brasileiros com algum tipo de deficiência (física, auditiva, visual, intelectual ou múltipla) – quase 24% da população, isso causa preocupações fazendo com que estratégias e meios sejam criados para dar apoio às famílias e também atender as necessidades destes indivíduos com deficiência. A educação especial é uma forma de incluir crianças com alguma deficiência nas escolas ditas “normais”. Assim, a Tecnologia Assistiva vem sendo uma alternativa para suprir carências na educação especial. A Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE) é uma associação, que além de pais e amigos dos excepcionais une toda a comunidade para prevenir e tratar a deficiência e promover o bem-estar e desenvolvimento da pessoa com deficiência. Este estudo baseia-se em livros e artigos, com objetivo de mostrar como a Tecnologia Assistiva auxilia na aprendizagem de alunos portadores de deficiência. Foi aplicado um questionário para os profissionais da E. E. Walton Batalha Lima (APAE), no município de Carangola - MG, onde constatamos que eles utilizam as tecnologias no processo de ensino/aprendizagem dos alunos, porém são necessários mais investimentos governamentais nessa área, de forma a melhorar a qualidade de ensino desses alunos.
A Bibliographic review of wideband DTV networks using transmission diversity techniques
Authors: Guerra Mauricio Vilela , Nobrega Marcelo De Jesus Rodrigues da
Published: January 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados do espalhamento de retardo, fornecendo em primeira mão uma revisão bibliográfica completa aplicada à Televisão Digital Terrestre utilizada em esquemas de transmissão distribuída. Um levantamento da situação atual do desenvolvimento da pesquisa é obtido a partir de uma possível tendência recomendada por uma campanha de medição realizada em uma rede de frequência única urbana com dois transmissores sincronizados. A discussão de possíveis questões relacionadas às condições de recepção é considerada e a constante necessidade de atender aos requisitos técnicos modernos, como eficiência espectral e flexibilidade do sistema, também é abordada. Resultados teóricos, de simulação computacional, experimentais e de ensaios de campo são apresentados neste artigo, confirmando as melhorias associadas às redes de diversidade de fontes.
SISTEMA DE PROTEÇÃO CONTRA INCÊNDIO E PÂNICO PARA EDIFICAÇÃO MULTIFAMILIAR
Authors: Souza Thales Bastos
Published: January 2021

No presente artigo é apresentado os dispositivos contra incêndio utilizados em edifícios com característica multifamiliar, esclarecendo suas exigências de aplicação quanto a característica física e finalidade do edifício em questão. Também sendo abordado casos de dispositivos prejudicados devido à falta de manutenção preventiva e corretiva. As informações foram coletadas com base principal no código vigente do estado do Rio de Janeiro - COSCIP (Código de Segurança Contra Incêndio e Pânico) e nas normas complementares: Resoluções SEDEC (Secretaria de Estado de Defesa Civil). Bem como conhecimentos vivenciados na rotina de trabalho em uma empresa voltada a área de engenharia contra incêndio. No estudo de caso, é abordado informações relevantes sobre um determinado projeto de incêndio elaborado e tramitado junto ao CBMERJ no ano de 2017.
Geotourism Potential of Liberec Granite
Authors: Drápela Emil
Published: January 2021

Liberec granite is one of the most iconic Czech rocks. It is highly aesthetic, its mining has a long tradition, an interesting history and it is currently used to make high-quality products. In the wider vicinity of Liberec, this rock creates many attractive rock formations. Nevertheless, its current presentation towards potential tourists is practically zero. The article analyzes the potential of individual topics related to Liberec granite to attract tourists. It also describes the strong elements on which it is possible to build future promotion. In the Discussion chapter, the virtual educational trail “The Story of Liberec Granite” is presented, which should hopefully help to promote this local product.
The Mental Strategies of Surgeons: A Primer – Part I
Authors: Tribble Curt
Published: January 2021

It is Spring in Virginia, and that means that it is time for medical students to make their final decisions about which discipline of Medicine they will apply to for postgraduate training and to begin their application processes. I have long believed that most medical students with two hands and binocular vision can be successful in a surgical training program, if that is what they choose to do. However, obtaining a surgical residency is a competitive process, which means that the applicants must have their thoughts organized so that they can put their ‘best foot forward’ as they go through the application and selection process. The most challenging aspects of the application process for virtually everyone are writing personal statements and preparing for interviews, which will be even more complicated than usual, in the midst of the current pandemic. After more than four decades of helping students prepare for these daunting exercises, I have honed the advice that I give these applicants about the related challenges of writing about themselves and of answering questions in interviews. I believe that the candidates must convince the reviewers of their applications that they have, or can develop, the mental strategies necessary to become a capable surgeon. In this treatise, I will outline the mental strategies that I have found essential to achieving competency in a surgical discipline. The task of the applicants will be, therefore, to assert, with supporting evidence, that they are confident that they have, or can learn, these mental strategies.
Volume Fracturing Technology Application in the World's Largest Conglomerate Oil Field, Northwest of China
Authors: Li Rong  , Yang Sen  , Gong Hao  , Yang Lei  , Wang Jiahao  , Liu Limin
Published: January 2021

One billion-ton super large oil field of Mahu is the largest oil and gas exploration achievement in China in recent years and has become the most realistic replacement area for increasing reserves and production in China as the world's largest conglomerate oil field till now. According to the complex reservoir-forming conditions in Mahu Sag, poor reservoir property, strong heterogeneity, and large sand body span, hydraulic fracturing in this area was facing serious challenges in fracture initiation and proppant placement. It has deepened the concept of volume fracturing technology and improved the effect of reconstruction; advanced chemicals to optimize replacement and reduce costs; tackled key perforation bridge plug with production technology to improve the level of operation according to 5 year’s stimulation experiences. The volume fracturing series technologies have been widely applied in 11 blocks and 97 wells in Mahu, including most of the exploration, evaluation, and development areas. For the tight conglomerate oil reservoir of Mahu, the fracturing and producing effects accompanied by economic development have been realized and effectively promoted, thus the average cumulative production increased by 37.5% per year.
Reproductive Factors and Breast Cancer Risk in Lithuanian Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Steponavičienė Laura , Vansevičiūtė Rasa , Zabulienė Lina , Jasilionis Domantas , Urbonas Vincas , Smailytė Giedrė
Published: January 2021

Background. Although the relationship between reproductive factors and breast cancer is internationally proved, reliable data on former USSR countries are scarce. This study examines the association of parity, age at the first childbirth, number of children, and breast cancer risk in Lithuanian women.Methods. The study that included women from 40 to 79 years old was based on a dataset that was made up linking all records from the 2001 census, all cancer incidence records from the Lithuanian Cancer Registry and all death records from Statistics Lithuania between 6th April 2001 and 31st December 2009. Cox’s proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for parity, age at the first childbirth, and number of children.Results. If compared to nulliparous women, parous women had a lower risk of breast cancer (HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.78–0.89) and this risk further decreased with an increasing number of children. Women who gave birth after the age of 25 had a significantly higher risk of breast cancer. This disadvantage became statistically insignificant or decreased after controlling for total number of children.Conclusions. Parity and age at the first childbirth are strong predictors of breast cancer risk among Lithuanian women.
Association between Rainy Season and Diarrhea in 13- to 24-Month-Old Toddlers
Authors: Sutarto Jeceline , Surjono Edward
Published: January 2021

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under five year and is considered a prevailing problem in many developing countries, including in Indonesia. Diarrhea is a multifactorial disease and season is suggested as one of the attributing factors of this disease. This study aimed to identify the association between the rainy season and diarrhea in 13- to 24-month-old toddlers. This was a cross-sectional analytical observational study on medical records of 13- to 24-month-old-toddlers with infectious diarrhea who visited Penjaringan I Sub-district Public Health Center, North Jakarta, Indonesia from 2016 to 2019 that included three cycles of the rainy and dry seasons. Data collection was performed in March 2020 and 286 medical records were included in the study. The relationship between the independent and dependent variables was analyzed using chi-square. Of the total cases, 83 cases occurred in rainy season and 203 cases occurred in dry season (p=0.291). Diarrhea was seen in girls aged13–16 months. There is no significant association between rainy season and diarrhea.
A New coefficient of Skewness for grouped data
Authors: Eltehiwy Mahmoud.A. , AbdulMotaal Abu-Bakr A.
Published: January 2021

The primary objective of this paper is to introduce a new measure for detecting skewness for grouped data, which is simpler than the current measures in its application. The new proposed coefficient of skewness based on the cumulative frequency data and hence uses more information from the tails of the distribution and thus will be more appropriate to detect asymmetry in the data. Another advantage of the new statistic is that it is bounded by -1 and +1; hence, the coefficients of skewness can be interpreted easily. Simulation study is employed to assess the performance of the proposed coefficient of skewness with three of the classical measure of skewness appeared in the literature using the mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The simulation study strongly supports the use of the proposed measure for comparing the degrees of skewness of different frequency distributions.
Shock models leading to G* class of lifetime distributions
Authors: Jayamol K.V. , Jose K. K.
Published: January 2021

In this paper we study a stochastic ordering namely alternate probability generating function (a.p.g.f .... ) ordering and its properties. The life distribution H(t) of a device subject to shocks governed by a Poisson process is considered as a function of the probabilities Pk of surviving the first k shocks. Various properties of the discrete failure distribution Pk are shown to be reflected in corresponding properties of the continuous life distribution H(t). A certain cumulative damage model and various applications of these models in reliability modeling are also considered.
Pengaruh Intellectual Capital dan Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dimoderasi oleh Kinerja
Authors: Gantino Rilla , Alam Leli Ruliati
Published: January 2021

Competitive advantage through the use of knowledge and creating a good image through CSR activities is needed to face competition. Many companies have moved from resource based to knowledge base. Companies that are able to innovate and are able to create a good image will make consumers loyal and have an impact on improving performance. Increased performance will provide hope for investors and potential investors towards the company so that the company's value will increase, which is indicated by rising stock prices. This study aims to analyze the effect of intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility on firm value with company performance as a moderator variable in the basic and chemical industries listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2014-2018 period. Hypothesis testing results showed that simultaneous intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility affect the value of the company, partially intellectual capital affects the value of the company and financial performance succeeded in moderator the relationship between them, corporate social responsibility affects the company value, in addition simultaneously financial performance succeeded in moderator the relationship between intellectual capital and corporate social responsibility to the value of the company, partially financial performance succeeded in moderator the relationship between intellectual capital to the value of the company, while partially financial performance was not able to moderate the relationship between cororate social responsibility and corporate value.