bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Evaluation of Ligand Hemilability in Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Bassetti Mauro
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Characteristics and Applications of Metal Complexes with β‐Ketoiminate Ligands
Authors: Lee Ik‐Mo
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rydberg Spectroscopy of Transition—Metal Sandwich Compounds
Authors: Ketkov Sergey Yu.
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Insights on the Anticancer Properties of Dietary Polyphenols
Authors: Fresco P. , Borges F. , Diniz C. , Marques M. P. M.
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Ring‐Opening of Epoxides and Aziridines with Carbon Nucleophiles
Authors: Pineschi Mauro
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cupreines and Cupreidines: An Emerging Class of Bifunctional Cinchona Organocatalysts
Authors: Marcelli Tommaso , van Maarseveen Jan H. , Hiemstra Henk
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Protecting‐Group‐Free Synthesis
Authors: Hoffmann Reinhard W.
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heterocycles as Versatile Building Blocks in Different Synthetic Strategies
Authors: Fahmy Amin F. M.
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cubanes, Fenestranes, Ladderanes, Prismanes, Staffanes and Other Oligocyclobutanoids
Authors: Hopf Henning , Liebman Joel F. , Perks H. Mark
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Carbon—Carbon Bond Formation
Authors: Calderazzo Fausto , Catellani Marta , Chiusoli Gian Paolo
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
What I Have Learned by Using Chemical Model Systems to Study Biomolecular Structure and Interactions
Authors: Nowick James S.
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereochemical Aspects: Conformation and Configuration
Authors: Berg U. L. F.
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Progress in Tritium NMR: 1990‐2005
Authors: Filer C. N.
Published: January 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enhanced efficiency due to the use of achiral additives in the optical resolution of 1‐phenylethylamine by its glutaric acid derivative
Authors: Schindler József , Egressy Márton , Bereczki Laura , Pokol György , Fogassy Elemér , Marthi Katalin
Published: January 2007

Racemic 1‐phenylethylamine was optically resolved by its own derivative formed with glutaric acid namely (+)‐(R)‐N‐(1‐phenylethyl)glutaramic acid. The amide acid resolving agent was synthesized from (+)‐(R)‐1‐phenylethylamine by N‐derivatization. The glutaric acid derivative was the next in a homologous series of dicarboxilic acid derivatized resolving agents of racemic 1‐phenylethylamine. Resolution results obtained with the oxalic, malonic, and succinic acid derivatives were previously discussed1. Each of the above derivative resolving agents could be successfully applied as resolving agents of 1‐phenylethylamine. The efficiency of the present optical resolution using (+)‐(R)‐N‐(1‐phenylethyl)glutaramic acid resolving agent was remarkably inferior to the results obtained by its shorter chained homologues1. Use of achiral additives, like urea, thiourea, N‐methylurea, and N,N′‐dimethylurea caused large increase in the efficiency of the resolution by (+)‐(R)‐N‐(1‐phenylethyl)glutaramic acid resolving agent. Precipitated salts obtained in the resolutions performed in the presence of the additives were investigated by thermoanalysis, X‐ray powder diffraction, and optical microscopy. Based on the analytical data, the improvement of the resolution results was attributed to the influence of the additives on the crystal nucleation processes of the diasteromeric salts. Chirality, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aldosterone‐sensitive neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract: Multisynaptic pathway to the nucleus accumbens
Authors: Shekhtman Eugenia , Geerling Joel C. , Loewy Arthur D.
Published: January 2007

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is part of a forebrain system implicated in reward, motivation, and learning. NAc neurons become activated during various ingestive activities, including salt intake. A subset of neurons within the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) shows c‐Fos activation during prolonged sodium deprivation in rats. These neurons express mineralocorticoid receptors and the enzyme 11‐β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD2), which makes them selectively sensitive to aldosterone—an adrenal hormone that modulates sodium appetite. Here we tested whether these neurons project multisynaptically to the core or shell subregions of the NAc. Pseudorabies virus (PRV)—a retrograde transneuronal tracer—was injected into the NAc in rats and after 3–4 days PRV‐infected HSD2 neurons were identified. PRV injections into the NAc core yielded greater numbers of PRV‐labeled HSD2 neurons than did comparable injections into the NAc shell. Transneuronal labeling was also found in brainstem sites that receive direct projections from HSD2 neurons, namely, lateral parabrachial and prelocus coeruleus nuclei. In other experiments a retrograde neural tracer (cholera toxin β‐subunit) was injected into the NAc. Extensive retrograde labeling was found in the midline thalamus and frontal cortical regions, but no cells were labeled in the NTS or parabrachial region. These findings indicate that the HSD2 neurons project via a multisynaptic pathway to the NAc, which may be relayed sequentially through two sites: the dorsolateral pons and the paraventricular thalamic nucleus. HSD2 neurons may be part of an ascending pathway involved in the salt‐seeking behavior of sodium‐depleted rats. J. Comp. Neurol. 501:274–289, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adsorption, Diffusion and Desorption of Chlorine on and from Rutile TiO2{110}: A Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Inderwildi Oliver R. , Kraft Markus
Published: January 2007

The adsorption, diffusion and desorption of chlorine on and from stoichiometric, reduced and partially reduced (defective) rutile TiO2{110} are investigated using ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Theoretical results are compared with experimental investigations, and microkinetic simulations based on DFT values are then used to verify the diffusion mechanisms assumed in the experimental investigations.
Dynamic fractal unifying interaction confirmed with magnetospheric behavior and orbital data
Authors: Savov Eugene
Published: January 2007

The solar wind makes the magnetosphere to expand and contract as indicated by the expansions and contractions of the auroral oval due to balancing of the dynamic pressure of the ambient space plasma at inner and outer magnetic lines. This self‐similar magnetospheric behavior elucidates the controversial magnetic storm‐substorm relationship and reveals the 3D‐spiral structure of magnetic interaction. The found self‐similarly evolving structure of one seen as fundamental interaction suggests dynamic fractal unifying interaction that builds a firework universe having 3D‐spiral code. The unifying interaction is described with equation drawn in new fundamental dynamic fractal framework. The equation of unifying interaction converges to the inverse square laws and the principle of uncertainty at laboratory scales. The dynamic fractal fundamental framework is made of one 3D‐spirally‐faster‐inward contracting and expanding, oscillating, basic matter. It simply accounts for observed constant speed of light and for the creation of bright and dark bands on a screen behind a tiny slit. The dynamic fractal framework is quantitatively confirmed with the orbital data for the Milky Way Galaxy, the Sun, the Earth, and the triple asteroid system 87 Sylvia. Many testable predictions are also made. The presented new fundamental dynamic fractal framework allows qualitative and quantitative modeling and simplification. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 12: 61–76, 2007
A high‐throughput 3‐parameter flow cytometry‐based cell death assay
Authors: Buenz Eric J. , Limburg Paul J. , Howe Charles L.
Published: January 2007

Apoptosis plays a role in many disease states, and the evaluation of novel therapeutics that alters the apoptotic cascade is an area of intense investigation. However, many generally available methods to evaluate cell death are either time consuming, imprecise, or both. We report a system that permits simultaneous evaluation of three apoptotic markers (cell membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell cycle progression) with minimal technical manipulation. This system is particularly well‐suited for toxicologic evaluation of novel compounds and profiling of new apoptosis‐inducing agents. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Drug resistance in B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Predictable by in vitro evaluation with a multiparameter flow cytometric cytotoxicity assay
Authors: Zhong Yanping , Bakke Antony C. , Fan Guang , Braziel Rita M. , Gatter Ken M. , Leis Jose F. , Maziarz Richard T. , Huang James Z.
Published: January 2007

Background:

Patients with B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL) often demonstrate variable responses to similar treatments. It would be highly desirable to develop a personalized therapeutic strategy for selection of appropriate drugs or regimens based on the drug sensitivity profiles of leukemic cells from individuals.

Methods:

We applied a multiparameter flow cytometric drug cytotoxicity assay to evaluate drug effects specifically on B‐CLL cells from 43 individuals after leukemic cells were incubated in vitro with fludarabine, chlorambucil, cladribine, or prednisolone.

Results:

We demonstrated that different B‐CLL cell populations from 43 individuals showed a marked variability in drug sensitivity. In vitro resistance to fludarabine was greatest in B‐CLL cells with deletions of p53, a cytogenetic abnormality that is almost invariably associated with a poor therapeutic response clinically.

Conclusions:

In vitro drug sensitivity profiles analyzed by a multiparameter flow cytometric cytotoxicity assay may serve as a tool to facilitate individualized selection of appropriate drugs for treatment in B‐CLL. Prospective trials will be needed to validate the clinical utility of this flow cytometric cytotoxicity assay. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Robust JPEG image transmission using unequal error protection and code combining
Authors: Fowdur T. P. , Soyjaudah K. M. S.
Published: January 2007

JPEG image transmission over noisy channels is highly problematic due to the sensitivity of the JPEG bit stream to error propagation. The use of resynchronization markers and channel coding do not alleviate the problem completely thus making retransmissions inevitable. In packetized image transmission, image packets are repeatedntimes, to ensure reliable transmission. This paper proposes a new unequal error protection (UEP) scheme which jointly optimizes the allocation of channel code rates and number of repeats to image packets, subject to a constraint on the maximum overall transmission rate. The coding scheme used is the rate compatible punctured convolutional code coupled with the code‐combining technique. An unequal allocation of headers to the image packets is also performed in order to reduce the overall distortion due to error propagation. Simulation results show that the proposed UEP scheme provides a gain of more than 8 dB in peak‐to‐peak signal‐to‐noise ratio over a tandem scheme. The flexibility of the proposed scheme, and the major performance gains obtained, make the scheme appealing for applications like, web‐based image browsing, multi‐hop networks, and wireless image transmission. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of a 24‐Membered Cyclic Peptide‐Biphenyl Hybrid
Authors: Montero Ana , Albericio Fernando , Royo Miriam , Herradón Bernardo
Published: January 2007

The synthesis of a 24‐membered macrocyclic peptide‐biphenyl hybrid with four amino acid residues and two biphenyl fragments was performed by a combination of solid‐phase and solution methodologies. The acyclic precursor was prepared by a solid phase methodology whereas the final macrocyclization was carried out by diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIPCDI) and N‐hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) in solution. The target molecule was a moderate inhibitor of μ‐calpain. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
CuCl‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Aminohalogenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Nitriles
Authors: Han Jian‐Lin , Zhi San‐Jun , Wang Le‐Yong , Pan Yi , Li Guigen
Published: January 2007

α,β‐Unsaturated nitriles were found to be suitable substrates for aminochlorination with N,N‐dichloro‐p‐toluenesulfonamide (4‐TsNCl2) in the presence of CuCl as the catalyst (10 mol‐%) and 4 Å molecular sieves. The reaction is very convenient to carry out at room temperature without the protection of inert gases, and this method provides an easy route to vicinal haloamino nitriles with excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivities and in good chemical yields. The stereochemistry has been unambiguously confirmed by X‐ray structural analysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Comparison of air quality management strategies of PM10, SO2, and NOx by an industrial source complex model in Beijing
Authors: Ying Gaoxiang , Ma Jia , Xing Yi
Published: January 2007

The primary air pollutants in the Beijing urban area are fine particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Using suitable emission factors for point, area, and line sources from 20 categories of industrial, commercial, domestic and traffic, total yearly mean emissions were estimated at 103.3 kton of PM10, 209.9 kton of SO2, and 225.4 kton of NOx in 1999. To abate this elevated air pollution, three air quality management schemes are adopted. After the implementation, the annual mean ground‐level concentrations of air pollutants are predicted by an industrial source complex short term (ISCST3) dispersion model and compared by the geographic information system (GIS). The ISCST3 dispersion model is used by inputting emission inventory and meteorological data with 1 h temporal and 1 km × 1 km spatial resolution. The model validity is verified by its agreement with monitoring data from Beijing's Environmental Protection Bureau. Results indicate that the levels of PM10, SO2, and NOx in Beijing are improved gradually because of the adoption of these three control schemes. The predicted annual mean concentrations decreased from 90.63 to 67.28 μg/m3 for PM10, 57.94 to 31.77 μg/m3 for SO2, and 119.97 to 73.83 μg/m3 for NOx, respectively. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog 26:33–42, 2007.
Quasi steady‐state method of catalyst evaluation for air pollution control
Authors: Berty József M.
Published: January 2007

The focus of this publication is on the methods used and evaluations applied for testing oxidation catalysts for air pollution control. The mathematical basis is first discussed then the effect of assumptions is evaluated, potential errors examined, finally possible manpower, and expense‐saving methods will be shown all on actual experimental results. The results of the examples are important, only to illustrate the techniques applied. Finally the use of a simple mathematical process will be presented to predict the performance of the catalyst to reach various commercial performance requirements. The presented method will benefit both who test catalyst in the laboratory and those who use the results to design pollution control units. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog 26:43–49, 2007.
Geranyl acetate esterase is commonly present but linalyl acetate esterase occurrence is highly limited in plants
Authors: Sangwan Neelam S. , Sharma Pankaj K. , Sangwan Rajender S.
Published: January 2007

Esterases are a group of hydrolytic enzymes that split ester bonds by addition of water and are ubiquitously present in diverse biosystems. Although animal esterases are well studied and are catalytically and functionally classified into different groups, plant enzymes have been viewed rather generally and are casually recruited as biochemical markers in morphogenesis, genetic characterization of plants, etc., without functional emphasis. Some volatile oil plants constitutively synthesize their characteristic monoterpene esters, geranyl acetate and linalyl acetate being the most common among them in the acyclic monoterpene class, whereas other plants also synthesize some volatile hemi‐ to sesquiterpene esters but inductively under certain ecological situations, such as herbivory, wounding, etc. This study concerns screening relative distribution of geranyl acetate esterase and linalyl aceate esterase activities in selected medicinal and aromatic plants, and reveals that in plants geranyl acetate (a primary alcohol ester) esterase is commonly present, while linalyl acetate (a tertiary alcohol ester) esterase seems to be highly limited to those plants (e.g. Lippia alba, Mentha citrata) that biosynthesize the tertiary monoterpene alcohol linalool and its ester. Such contrasting distribution of the two discrete types of esterases has been discussed in light of scenario of their microbial counterparts and structure–function relationships established thereon. This study makes it obvious that the GGG(A)‐X motif esterases (acting on tertiary alcohol esters) are rare entities in plants too, similar to microbes. Furthermore, their presence in some volatile oil plants renders such plants novel phytoresources of the GGGX/GGAX motif hydrolases. Detailed characterization of the motif‐specific plant esterases would have an immense impact on understanding of their structure–function relationships in plants. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Components of the essential oil from sprouts of Polygonum hydropiper L. (‘Benitade’)
Authors: Miyazawa Mitsuo , Tamura Naotaka
Published: January 2007

The components of the essential oil from sprouts of Polygonum hydropiper L. (‘Benitade’) were analysed by capillary GC and GC–MS. Fifty‐three components were identified, representing 91.6% of the total oil. The main constituents of the essential oil were (E)‐β‐farnesene (44.1%), phytol (10.8%), (E)‐caryophyllene (9.3%), (E)‐nerolidol (6.9%). The essential oil from Benitade contained a high content of sesquiterpenoids. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multifactor and analytical valuation of treasury bond futures with an embedded quality option
Authors: Nunes João Pedro Vidal , Oliveira Luís Alberto Ferreira De
Published: January 2007

A closed‐form pricing solution is proposed for the quality option embedded in Treasury bond futures contracts, under a multifactor and D. Heath, R. Jarrow, and A. Morton (1992) Gaussian framework. Such an analytical solution can be obtained through a conditioning approximation, in the sense of M. Curran (1994) and L. Rogers and Z. Shi (1995), or via a rank 1 approximation, following A. Brace and M. Musiela (1994). Monte Carlo simulations show that both approximations are extremely accurate and easy to calculate.

Application of the proposed pricing model to the EUREX market from January 2000 through May 2004, yields an excellent fit and an insignificant estimate of the quality option magnitude. On average, this delivery option accounts for only of the futures prices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 27:275–303, 2007
Does high‐dose carmustine increase overall survival in supratentorial high‐grade malignant glioma? An EBMT retrospective study
Authors: Bay Jacques‐Olivier , Linassier Claude , Biron Pierre , Durando Xavier , Verrelle Pierre , Kwiatkowski Fabrice , Rosti Giovanni , Demirer Taner ,   for the EMBT solid tumors working party
Published: January 2007

Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide have demonstrated improved survival for glioblastoma. However, prognosis remains poor. High‐doses chemotherapy with carmustine is another way to improve response and survival by increasing the dose delivered. Myelotoxicity imposes autologous stem cell rescue. European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation experience of this treatment in patients with high‐grade glioma was reported here. A retrospective analysis of 217 patients from European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation database was realized. Ninety‐six patients underwent complete surgical resection while the 121 others had partial resection or only biopsy and were evaluable for an antitumor effect. Patients received 800 mg/m2 of carmustine intravenously at least 1 month after neurosurgery. Forty‐eight to 72 hr after chemotherapy, 108 patients received autologous hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow harvest and 109 patients autologous hematopoietic stem cells from peripheral blood. Radiotherapy was started approximately 40 days after transplantation. Ten deaths were related to the treatment. Of the 121 patients evaluable for tumor response, 64 (53%) presented an objective response. This protocol appear feasible, but with toxicity‐related mortality of 4.5%. Median overall survival was 20 months and median time to treatment failure was 7 months. Overall survival and time to treatment were correlated with age, quality of resection and histological subtypes. In glioblastoma multiforme, age and surgery quality appeared to be prognostic factors. Compared with Stupp et al.'s recent study, this study did not favor high‐dose carmustine for patients with glioblastoma multiforme with complete surgical resection. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nutritional factors in relation to endometrial cancer: A report from a population‐based case‐control study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Xu Wang‐Hong , Dai Qi , Xiang Yong‐Bing , Zhao Gen‐Ming , Ruan Zhi‐Xian , Cheng Jia‐Rong , Zheng Wei , Shu Xiao Ou
Published: January 2007

We evaluated the role of dietary nutrients in the etiology of endometrial cancer in a population‐based case‐control study of 1,204 newly diagnosed endometrial cancer cases and 1,212 age frequency‐matched controls. Information on usual dietary habits was collected during an in‐person interview using a validated, quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association of nutrients with endometrial cancer risk using an energy density method (e.g., nutrient intake/1,000 kilocalories of intake). Higher energy intake was associated with increased risk, which was attributable to animal source energy and a high proportion of energy from protein and fat. Odds ratios comparing highest versus lowest quintiles of intake were elevated for intake of animal protein (Odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, 95% confidential interval: 1.5–2.7) and fat (OR = 1.5, 1.2–2.0), but reduced for plant sources of these nutrients (OR = 0.7, 0.5–0.9 for protein and OR = 0.6, 0.5–0.8 for fat). Further analysis showed that saturated and monounsaturated fat intake was associated with elevated risk, while polyunsaturated fat intake was unrelated to risk. Dietary retinol, β‐carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, fiber, and vitamin supplements were inversely associated with risk. No significant association was observed for dietary vitamin B1 or vitamin B2. Our findings suggest that associations of dietary macronutrients with endometrial cancer risk may depend on their sources, with intake of animal origin nutrients being related to higher risk and intake of plant origin nutrients related to lower risk. Dietary fiber, retinol, β‐carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, and vitamin supplementation may decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical significance of sperm protein 17 expression and immunogenicity in esophageal cancer
Authors: Gupta Garima , Sharma Rinu , Chattopadhyay Tushar K. , Gupta Siddarth D. , Ralhan Ranju
Published: January 2007

We recently identified sperm protein 17 (Sp17) transcripts in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) by differential display. This study was designed to determine the clinical significance of Sp17 protein in different stages of esophageal tumorigenesis and to test the hypothesis that aberrant localization of Sp17 protein to immunosurveillant site may lead to production of anti‐Sp17 antibodies in serum, which may be of clinical relevance in ESCCs.Sp17transcripts were detected by RT‐PCR in 26 of 30 (86%) ESCCs, while no transcripts were detected in normal esophageal tissues. Rabbit polyclonal antibody was raised against an immunogenic peptide of Sp17 and used to evaluate protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Expression of Sp17 protein was observed in 60/80 (75%) of ESCCs and 27/30 (90%) dysplastic tissues, while no detectable Sp17 expression was observed in 13 distant histologically normal epithelia. Sixteen of the 60 immunopositive ESCCs showed nuclear expression in addition to cytoplasmic localization of the protein. The circulating levels of anti‐Sp17 antibodies, determined by ELISA, were significantly elevated in ESCC patients when compared with normal subjects (p< 0.001). Increasing Sp17 antibody titers were observed to be associated with the progressive disease in 4 patients. In conclusion, the study demonstrates expression of Sp17 protein in esophageal tumor as well as dysplastic tissues, suggesting it to be an early event in the development of ESCC. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing elevated levels of anti‐Sp17 antibodies in ESCC patients. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apomine™, an inhibitor of HMG‐CoA‐reductase, promotes apoptosis of myeloma cellsin vitroand is associated with a modulation of myelomain vivo
Authors: Edwards Claire M. , Mueller Gabrielle , Roelofs Anke J. , Chantry Andrew , Perry Mark , Russell R. Graham G. , Camp Ben Van , Guyon‐Gellin Yves , Niesor Eric J. , Bentzen Craig L. , Vanderkerken Karin , Croucher Peter I.
Published: January 2007

Apomine, a novel 1,1 bisphosphonate ester, increases the rate of degradation of HMG‐CoA reductase, inhibiting the mevalonate pathway and thereby blocking cholesterol biosynthesis. We have investigated whether Apomine can induce myeloma cell apoptosisin vitroand modulate myeloma diseasein vivo. Apomine induced a dose‐dependent increase in apoptosis in NCI H929, RPMI 8226 and JJN‐3 human myeloma cells. Apomine, unlike the bisphosphonate, alendronate, had no measurable effect on osteoclastic bone resorptionin vitro. To investigate the effect of Apominein vivo, 5T2MM murine myeloma cells were injected into C57BL/KaLwRij mice. After 8 weeks all animals had a serum paraprotein and were treated with Apomine (200 mg/kg), or vehicle, for 4 weeks. Animals injected with 5T2MM cells and treated with vehicle developed osteolytic bone lesions, reduced cancellous bone area, decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased osteoclast number. Apomine caused a decrease in serum paraprotein and a decrease in tumor burden. Apomine inhibited the development of osteolytic lesions and prevented the tumor‐induced decreases in BMD. Apomine had no effect on osteoclast number in contrast to what had been seen previously with the bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid, suggesting that these are direct effects of Apomine on myeloma cells. This demonstrates that Apomine is able to promote myeloma cell apoptosisin vitroand inhibit the development of multiple myeloma and lytic bone diseasein vivo. The use of bisphosphonate esters such as Apomine represents a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of myeloma and, indirectly, the associated bone disease. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone tissue engineering with novel rhBMP2‐PLLA composite scaffolds
Authors: Chang Po‐Chun , Liu Bu‐Yuan , Liu Cheng‐Meei , Chou Hsin‐Hua , Ho Ming‐Hua , Liu Hwa‐Chang , Wang Da‐Ming , Hou Lein‐Tuan
Published: January 2007

The aims of the present study were to fabricate a novel porous polylactic acid (PLLA) composite scaffold and evaluate the capacity of the scaffold in carrying recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) for engineering bone formation. The structures of the PLLA scaffolds were evaluated by SEM and the controlled release of rhBMP2 from the composite scaffolds was assayed by ELISA. Bone induction by the scaffolds loaded with or without rhBMP2 was performed in the calf muscle of twenty Wistar rats for 3, 7, 10, 14, and 28 days. Tissue specimens were examined by Masson's trichrome and von Kossa stainings, and immunohistochemistry of bone proteins. Our results indicated that a moderate foreign body reaction was found in control scaffolds, which lasted for 4 weeks. The addition of rhBMP2 to this novel scaffold dramatically alleviated the adverse responses to PLLA. Enhanced deposition of collagen matrix and endochondral formation were observed in rhBMP2‐PLLA scaffolds at 7–10 days, compatible with an early release of rhBMP2 in the composite scaffolds. Bone sialoprotein and osteopontin were demonstrated simultaneously. Von Kossa staining was observed in the test group at 10–14 days. In conclusion, the PLLA scaffolds exhibited the capability of carrying rhBMP2 for inducing bone formation within 2 weeks. These results suggest that rhBMP2‐PLLA scaffold may be applicable in tissue engineering. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
Dual radiolabeling to study protein adsorption competition in relation with hemocompatibility
Authors: Nonckreman Cristèle J. , Rouxhet Paul G. , Dupont‐Gillain Christine C.
Published: January 2007

Human fibrinogen (Fg) and albumin (HSA) were labeled with 3H and 14C, respectively. Dual counting allowed the adsorbed amount of the two proteins to be determined simultaneously. Single adsorption, adsorption of the two proteins in competition, but also exchange (substitution by molecules of the same nature) and displacement (desorption under the action of the other protein) experiments were performed on two model surfaces, glass and polystyrene (PS), as well as on pure polyvinylchloride (PVC‐s) and on PVC from blood bag (PVC‐b). As expected, the adsorbed amount of a single protein is higher on a hydrophobic compared to a hydrophilic surface. When the two proteins are adsorbed in competition, they are found in equal proportion on glass, while HSA is twice more abundant than Fg on PS and PVC‐s and about six times more abundant on PVC‐b. This trend is related to an increase of the water contact angle of the substrates. For PVC‐b, the contact angle is affected by the presence of aliphatic components exposed at the extreme surface, as determined by angle‐resolved X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In exchange and displacement experiments, the first adsorbed molecules remain dominating on PS while they can be removed from glass. Given the known importance of HSA and Fg adsorption for the fate of materials placed in contact with blood, the method described in this paper may be used as a first approach to orient the design of surfaces with improved hemocompatibility. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
Large scale genetic screen identifies MAP17 as protein bypassing TNF‐induced growth arrest
Authors: Guijarro M.V. , Castro M.E. , Romero L. , Moneo V. , Carnero A.
Published: January 2007

Although activated macrophages destroy cancer cells more effectively than normal cells, the ability to escape activated macrophages is a characteristic of tumor cells. One of the mechanisms responsible for the specific killing of tumor cells by macrophages is the production of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. Therefore, resistance to TNF may provide such cancer cells a selective advantage against host elimination. With the aim of identifying genes with these properties we undertook a large scale genetic screen to identify genes able to bypass TNF‐induced G1 arrest. We identified MAP17, a small 17 kDa nonglycosylated membrane protein that localizes to the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. Ectopic expression of MAP17 in tumor cells prevents TNF‐induced G1 arrest by impairing p21waf1 induction. However, expression of MAP17 does not inhibit TNF‐induced apoptosis in Me180‐sensitive tumor cells. The inhibition of TNF is specific since MAP17 does not alter the response to other cytokines such as IFNγ. As described in the Xenopus oocyte system, MAP17 increases the uptake of mannose in some cells, but this effect is not responsible for TNF bypass. We have also analyzed the expression of MAP17 mRNA in a panel of cell lines. MAP17 is expressed in 30% of cell lines of different origin. However, MAP17 mRNA expression did not correlate with TNF resistance. Our data indicates that although MAP17 expression might bypass TNF‐induced growth arrest, it is not the only determinant of this response. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 112–121, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Maternal protein restriction permanently programs adipocyte growth and development in adult male rat offspring
Authors: Zhang Ting , Guan Haiyan , Arany Edith , Hill David J. , Yang Kaiping
Published: January 2007

We previously demonstrated that maternal protein restriction (MPR) during pregnancy and lactation led to fetal growth restriction and development of increased visceral adiposity in adult male rat offspring. Here we studied the rate of proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte precursors (preadipocytes) in vitro to investigate whether MPR may permanently program adipocyte growth and development in adult male offspring. Preadipocytes were isolated from visceral adipose tissue of control and MPR offspring at 130 days of age, and cultured under standard conditions. The rate of proliferation was studied by [3H]‐thymidine incorporation, and the rate of differentiation assessed with the use of biochemical and morphological markers. Although it did not affect the rate of differentiation, MPR increased the rate of preadipocyte proliferation by almost twofold. To ascertain if the increased proliferation was due to persisting in vivo influences or aberrations inherent in the precursor cells, we studied the rate of preadipocyte proliferation in subcultures. We found that the increased rate of proliferation of MPR preadipocytes persisted throughout the first two subcultures, indicative of an inherent abnormality. In addition, we examined the rate of preadipocyte proliferation under reduced serum conditions. We showed that MPR reduced the rate of preadipocyte proliferation to 56 and 35% of the control in the presence of 5 and 2.5% serum, respectively. Taken together, these results demonstrate that MPR permanently programs adipocyte growth and development such that adipocyte precursors derived from MPR offspring replicate excessively under standard culture conditions but exhibit markedly attenuated growth rate under reduced serum conditions. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 381–388, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Point scattering: A new geometric invariant with applications from (Nano)clusters to biomolecules
Authors: Estrada Ernesto
Published: January 2007

A new geometric invariant is defined from “first principles” for a point ensemble, which can represent clusters, molecules, crystals, and biomolecules. The scattering of a point ensemble is defined in terms of the Euclidean distance matrix and a vector measuring the weighted departure of the points from the cluster centre. Using the Rayleigh–Ritz theorem this function is maximized obtaining the point scattering of the ensemble. The point scattering shows several properties which are useful for studying clusters, molecules, crystals, and biomolecules. We examined different natural clusters of hard spheres such as colloidal particles and fullerenes, as well as protein–peptide complexes and the effect of temperature on protein structure. In all cases point scattering differentiates point ensembles with different structures, which are not distinguished by other geometric invariants, such as the second moment of mass distribution, surface areas, and volumes. Point scattering also shows better correlation with thermodynamic parameters of binding and describes the interior cavities of hollowed ensembles better than the other geometric measures. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 28: 767–777, 2007
Finite group theory for large systems. 3. Symmetry‐generation of reduced matrix elements for icosahedral C20 and C60 molecules
Authors: Ellzey M. L.
Published: January 2007

This paper uses symmetry‐generation to simplify the determination of Hamiltonian reduced matrix elements. It is part of a series on using computers to apply finite group theory to quantum mechanical calculations on large systems. Symmetry‐generation is an expression of the whole molecule as a sum of symmetry transformations on a smaller reference structure. Then on a suitably‐conditioned symmetry‐adapted basis, the reduced matrix elements of the Hamiltonian are averages of certain elements of the simpler reference structure matrix. The smaller the reference structure, the greater is the computational savings. Single atom reference structures are used here for the Hückel treatment of icosahedral C20 and C60 fullerenes. The analytical power of this approach is illustrated by determining the two bond lengths of C60 from spectral data. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.J Comput Chem 28: 811–817, 2007
The performance of the new 6‐31G## basis set: Molecular structures and vibrational frequencies of transition metal carbonyls
Authors: Bolshakov Vladimir I. , Rossikhin Vladimir V. , Voronkov Eugene O. , Okovytyy Sergiy I. , Leszczynski Jerzy
Published: January 2007

The performance of the newly proposed 6‐31G## basis set for calculating the equilibrium structure and vibrational frequencies of transition metal carbonyl complexes has been studied at the HF and DFT levels of theory. The 6‐31G## basis set has been constructed by augmentation of the 6‐31G basis set by diffuse and polarization functions, which are generated from the corresponding 6‐31G basis AOs response functions obtained in the frame of propagator approach. The predicted values of bond distances and vibrational frequencies for the title compounds are in good agreement with the experimental data. The relative energies and HOMO‐LUMO gaps were also estimated for the series of MCO complexes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.J Comput Chem 28: 778–782, 2007
Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases by Porphyromonas gingivalis in an engineered human oral mucosa model
Authors: Andrian Elisoa , Mostefaoui Yakout , Rouabhia Mahmoud , Grenier Daniel
Published: January 2007

Under physiological conditions, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in the remodeling and turnover of periodontal tissue and their activity is tightly regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Disturbances in the balance between MMPs and TIMPs may result in excessive tissue destruction. We previously used an engineered human oral mucosa (EHOM) model to demonstrate that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major etiological agent of periodontitis, infiltrates connective tissue and induces significant loss of attachment of the stratified epithelium from the basement membrane. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of P. gingivalis on the expression and production of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, TIMP‐1, and TIMP‐2 by oral fibroblasts and epithelial cells. The EHOM model was infected with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 or its derivative gingipain‐null mutant (KDP128) for different periods of time. MMP and TIMP mRNA expression was evaluated by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis, while protein secretion into the culture medium was assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. P. gingivalis significantly up‐regulated MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 mRNA expression by oral epithelial cells. This MMP gene activation was paralleled by TIMP‐2 gene activation. However, only MMP‐9 mRNA expression was significantly enhanced by the gingipain‐null mutant. At 8 and 24 h post‐infection, P. gingivalis increased significantly the MMP‐9 protein level compared to the uninfected EHOM model. The present study reports the ability of P. gingivalis to regulate MMP and TIMP production by oral cells, a phenomenon that may contribute to tissue destruction. J. Cell. Physiol. 211: 56–62, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extended right trisegmentectomy using in situ hypothermic perfusion with modified HTK solution for a large intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Barakat Omar , Hoef John , Ozaki Claire F. , Patrick Wood R.
Published: January 2007

The technique of right hepatic trisegmentectomy has been standardized for large tumors that involve the right lobe and extend into the medial segment of the left lobe. However, these tumors are deemed unresectable if they encroach across the falciform ligament into the left lateral segment. We report the technique of extended right trisegmentectomy in a patient with a large intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that involved the right lobe of the liver and extended into the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe. The resection was performed by using total hepatic vascular isolation and in situ hypothermic perfusion with modified histidine–tryptophan–ketoglutarate (HTK) solution into the left lateral segment. The biliary enteric anastomosis was constructed using a double hepaticojejunostomy to Segments II and III bile ducts. The procedure allowed safe parenchymal dissection with preservation of the blood supply to Segments II and III. Furthermore, in situ hypothermic perfusion protected the remnant liver from the deleterious effects of warm ischemia during parenchymal dissection and facilitated postoperative recovery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of extended right trisegmentectomy for the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the Western literature. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:587–592. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Model of motivated cognition to account for the link between self‐monitoring and materialism
Authors: Rose Paul , DeJesus Stephanie P.
Published: January 2007

Drawing on previous theorizing about the development of materialistic values, a model of motivated cognition is proposed to account for the positive association between self‐monitoring and materialism. The model suggests that self‐monitoring is associated with individual differences in belonging motivation, that belonging motivation shapes people's beliefs about buying as a means of belonging within valued groups, and that buying‐is‐for‐belonging beliefs shape the degree to which people value wealth and luxury. Results from two studies supported this model and suggested that the self‐monitoring results are not better attributed to extraversion, social self‐confidence, or shyness. The proposed model emphasizes that traits associated with a strong need to belong may predispose people toward materialism. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impaired modulation of motor cortex excitability by homonymous and heteronymous muscle afferents in focal hand dystonia
Authors: Lourenço George , Meunier Sabine , Vidailhet Marie , Simonetta‐Moreau Marion
Published: January 2007

A decrease of heteronymous median nerve‐evoked inhibition of corticospinal projections to forearm extensor muscles was reported in a group of 10 dystonic patients by Bertolasi and colleagues in 2003. Here we tested the excitability of corticomotoneuronal connections to both wrist extensor (ECR) and flexor (FCR) muscles after conditioning stimulation of median and also radial nerve at rest in a group of 25 patients with focal hand dystonia compared to 20 healthy subjects. We also investigated the effect of the wrist dystonic posture, either in flexion or in extension, on the afferent modulation of ECR and FCR motor evolved potentials (MEPs). The heteronymous (median‐induced) but also homonymous (radial‐induced) inhibitions (interstimuli intervals 13–21 ms) of ECR MEP size observed in healthy subjects were decreased in patients. In addition, homonymous (median‐induced) facilitation of FCR MEP size was also decreased in patients while heteronymous inhibition (radial‐induced) was not. Neither the involvement of the target muscle in the dystonic posture nor the origin of the afferent volley (from a dystonic muscle) influenced the degree of impairment of afferent modulation of the MEP. These findings support the view that a global abnormal somatosensory coupling in focal hand dystonia may contribute to an inadequate motor command to wrist muscles. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Natural frequencies of a multi‐degree‐of‐freedom vibration system
Authors: Müller Peter C. , Gürgöze Metin
Published: January 2007

A chain structured mass‐spring vibration system with N degrees of freedom is considered where massesMj=mjm=m/jand spring stiffnesseskj=cjk= (N+ 1‐ j)k,j= 1, …,N, have been applied. The conjecture of Mikota [1] on the natural frequencies is discussed showing how difficult it is to find an explicit solution of the related eigenvalue problem. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Failure of granular materials at different scales ‐ microscale approach
Authors: Meier H. A. , Kuhl E. , Steinmann P.
Published: January 2007

In recent years there has been an increase of interest in packed granular and discontinuous media. Due to the properties of such materials, a simple continuum approach is not appropriate to describe the material behavior. Breaking and forming of new contacts between grains, distinguishing for granular media, cannot be captured. We apply a computational homogenization method [6] which is based on a two scale concept to complete the task of modeling packed granular materials. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)