bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I Died a Million Times
Authors: Miklitsch Robert
Published: December 2021

The Age of Affluence. Ike and Mamie. The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit. In the United States, the 1950s have been memorialized as the Pax Americana. A similar stereotypical view has characterized the 1950s crime film. While the big-shot gangster dominated the headlines in the 1930s and the private eye graced the 1940s, both the gangster picture and film noir were declared DOA in the 1950s. There is, of course, another, less than perfect picture of the ’50s in which the tropes associated with the decade are rather darker. Commies. Aliens from outer space. The bomb. I Died a Million Times argues that the crime film is alive and well in the 1950s in the generic guise of gangster noir. The corpus delicti is a trio of subgenres that crystallized in the period and that correlates with the above symptomatic events: the syndicate picture, the rogue cop film, and the heist movie. These subgenres and the issues associated with them--the “combo” as capitalism incarnate, the letter of the law versus the lure of vigilantism, and the heist as a “left-handed form of human endeavor”--may appear black and white in the rearview mirror of history, but from another perspective, one that’s attentive to issues such as race (The Phenix City Story), class (The Prowler), gender (The Big Heat), sexuality (The Big Combo), the nation (The Asphalt Jungle), and the border (Touch of Evil), these signal, not-so-generic films are as vibrant and colorful as the decade itself.
Where the Sidewalk Ends
Authors: Miklitsch Robert
Published: December 2021

If John Cromwell’s The Racket (1951) remains a representative transitional instance of the rogue cop film, the subgenre cannot be reduced, thematically speaking, either to vigilante violence or governmental corruption. For instance, in Otto Preminger’s prototypical rogue cop film, Where the Sidewalk Ends (1950), Mark Dixon’s encounter with criminal suspects is marked by physical violence and grim self-righteousness, although, not unlike Jim McLeod in an acknowledged model of the subgenre, Detective Story (1951), his crusading behavior derives less from some misguided notion of idealism than from the fact that his own father was a mobster. Moreover, even as Where the Sidewalk Ends radically reframes the antagonistic relation between the fugitive and cop, it situates the ultimately sympathetic figure of the policeman within the proletarian milieu of the metropolis and, in the process, reconfigures the limits of the rogue cop film.
Odds against Tomorrow
Authors: Miklitsch Robert
Published: December 2021

In Odds against Tomorrow (1959), the relation between crime thriller and social commentary in Robert Wise’s film can be said to turn the generic glove inside out so that the heist picture becomes a vehicle for social protest. Unlike The Defiant Ones (1957), in which the positive social message is compromised by its ultimately regressive take on the prison picture, the apocalyptic, seemingly nihilistic conclusion of Odds against Tomorrow represents a negative critique of both the heist and social-problem picture. From this dual point of view, Wise’s film may be said to be what Jonathan Munby calls a “civil rights noir,” an oxymoron that points to the limits of the classic social-problem film even as it points up the latent utopianism of the heist picture. Unlike the conclusion of The Asphalt Jungle, which looks backward to the nation’s agrarian past, the ending of Odds against Tomorrow evokes the lunar landscape and, by implication, the promise of the “new frontier”--of space travel and civil rights in the oppressive face of ignorance and prejudice.
Appalachian Migration
Authors: Obermiller Phillip J.
Published: December 2021

Migration was a hallmark of the twentieth century, and those seeking better conditions took their music with them. Shuttle migration from Appalachia to the Midwest during the 1920s was replaced during the 1940-1970 Great Migration by a stem-and-branch system and extended family safety net. Wartime industry and post-war Appalachian coalfield depression drew hundreds of thousands to Cincinnati, Hamilton, Dayton, Detroit, Chicago and elsewhere, as documented by migration flow maps. Industrial wages allowed migrants to acquire instruments, radios, and recordings; frequent nightclubs; join civic and social groups; and enjoy Appalachian festivals. Ron Eller, Mike Maloney, Noah Crase, Harriet Marsh Page, Jennifer Brierly, Taylor Farley, Sherrill Jennings, Judy Jennings, and Paris Decker exemplify migrant families for whom music was important.
Building the Invisible College
Authors: Crymble Adam
Published: December 2021

This chapter shows how historians learned technical skills, focusing on the changing self-learning ecosystem. The chapter considers the two key problems facing self-learners: what to learn and how to learn it, arguing that many resources focused too narrowly on specific how-to instructions, making it difficult to build up a contextual understanding of the problems technology could help historians solve. Despite the shortcomings, beginning with statistics textbooks (1970s), through software reviews (1990s), and dynamic programming environments (2000s), as well as a myriad of workshops, summer schools, and unconferences, this chapter highlights the thriving and dynamic community supporting colleagues through self-learning. This dynamism was in contrast to a relatively poor provision offered by universities, leaving many to turn to the “invisible college” for support.
The Rise and Fall of the Scholarly Blog
Authors: Crymble Adam
Published: December 2021

This chapter highlights the rise and fall of academic blogging, putting the practice into a longer chronology of informal scholarly communication. It asks what purpose blogging played as well as what it offered historians that was different. Beginning from the influences of Listservs and fanzines in the 1990s, and moving through waves of anonymous ranting, confident scholarly expression, and shameless self-promotion, this chapter argues that developments in online scholarly communication provided opportunities for historians to communicate informally and with new combinations of colleagues and publics than previously. It lost its centrality among digital historians after a few years, but not before becoming a staple of historical outreach strategies and a key part of mainstream academic writing.
Visibility and Difference in the UFC
Authors: McClearen Jennifer
Published: December 2021

The introduction considers the increased visibility of female athletes in MMA--a phenomenon enabled by a 21st century media context that increasingly seeks out representations of difference, including gendered, racial, and sexual difference, on a variety of media platforms. Sports media brands are now beginning to align with other media entities to promote diverse representations as a method of increasing viewership, which makes branded difference a lucrative branding and marketing strategy. This chapter cautions, however, that the increased visibility of difference in the UFC ignores a labor model that allows the brand to profit on its diverse athletes who fight for low pay and few benefits as independent contractors in a gig economy.
The Labor of Visibility on Social Media
Authors: McClearen Jennifer
Published: December 2021

The fourth chapter of Fighting Visibility analyzes interviews with female UFC fighters to consider how they navigate social media in their jobs. Building followers online, engaging with fans, and promoting sponsors as micro-influencers is an undercompensated and often invisible form of labor that leverages a gendered tax on female athletes, particularly those who do not perform the traditional forms of femininity that are more valued in popular culture. Female fighters freely undertake this aspirational labor because they hope the exposure online will convince the UFC to promote them or that their efforts to engage fans will appeal to sponsors. Instead, visibility on social media remains an unwritten and unpaid bullet point on the UFC fighter job description that often fails to deliver the assumed benefits that athletes seek.
Southern Palm, Northern Pine
Authors: Stanley Matthew E.
Published: December 2021

This chapter examines how Civil War memories anchored farmer-labor radicalism during the 1870s and 1880s. The Greenback-Labor Party in particular used wartime tropes to submit that the popular commemoration of the war, as either a North-South or Black-white axis, was fatal to class and trade organization. Instead, party members advocated a “class reconciliation” of workingmen across both sections. Although such a reconciliation was thwarted by internal contradictions and external resistance, Greenback politics offered discrete opportunities for interracial remembrance after the decline of Reconstruction, with veterans bridging out of major parties and toward reformist and revolutionary politics.
Against Masters and Money Power
Authors: Stanley Matthew E.
Published: December 2021

This chapter illustrates how the Knights of Labor used Civil War memory to construct organizational culture and promote specific workplace campaigns. Believing the issue of “slavery” (economic domination) unsettled, Knights saw themselves as the rightful heirs of the abolitionists and Radical Republicans. They established affiliate groups for worker-veterans, including the Blue and Gray Association of the Knights of Labor, and expanded the use of antislavery metaphors. Yet the order’s labor republicanism, and the turn by some members toward radicalism, alienated veteran-labor auxiliaries from mainstream veterans’ organizations, notably the Grand Army of the Republic.
Citadel of Labor
Authors: Stanley Matthew E.
Published: December 2021

This chapter surveys the role of Civil War memory in the construction of labor patriotism in the American Federation of Labor. Mirroring its anti-revolutionary leadership, notably Samuel Gompers, the AFL moved increasingly away from labor militancy and electoral strategy. The rise of national blue-gray reconciliation paralleled the Federation’s maturation, as well as the establishment of Jim Crow unionism. Labor Day, Decoration Day, and Fourth of July marches were incubators of nationalist pageantry in which white workingmen venerated the veteran alongside the industrial soldier and the union label alongside the American flag. By World War I, the Federation had used Civil War memory to embrace class conciliation and nationalism as leaders, and “respectable” workers complied with government repression of the labor left.
4 “I have no time to tell you now half the enjoyment these operas have given us”
Authors: Bailey Candace
Published: December 2021

As Katherine Preston has argued, the impact of opera on American culture in the nineteenth century cannot be overestimated. Its imprint in the South can be detected early in Charleston and New Orleans, in both public performances and private collections.1 In the 1820s and 1830s, southern women knew Italian arias as arrangements for piano that often included several variations on a principal theme or in simplified versions often adapted to English texts. In this regard, “Away with Melancholy,” Mozart’s “O dolce concento” from ...
6 “Of that ilk”
Authors: Bailey Candace
Published: December 2021

Key questions for interpreting music in the United States during the nineteenth-century deal with the teachers rather than the pupils: where did they come from, what were their perceived social circles, and what qualified them to teach such a vast social array of the South’s young women? The people involved in teaching the majority of musically literate Americans remain curiously anonymous, as does their preparation and instruction. However, recognition of highly influential pedagogues exposes trends in circulation, changing musical tastes, and demands of proficiency—and thereby yields a more accurate view of music practices. Those who taught in private lessons in a pupil’s home theoretically transgressed a social wall because they were not on equal terms but occupied, if temporarily, a space reserved for those with approved standards of gentility....
9 “Many shades of caste and kind”
Authors: Bailey Candace
Published: December 2021

As the spaces in which women presented music changed, so too did society’s attitudes toward women’s musical performance in public venues. On the one hand, women attended operas, plays, and other types of theatrical shows as they attempted to preserve the cultural life of the previous decade. On the other, relatively secluded graduation recitals gave way to public benefits for soldiers and widows. Many professional women remained in the South throughout the war; several actively supported the Confederacy, but others seemed less interested in political aims and more focused on sustaining their careers. All of these changes inevitably brought significant transformation to the South’s social hierarchies, including the gendered expectations of musical performance....
The Relationship Between Serum Level of Interleukin-33 and Allergic Rhinitis and Its Severity in Children
Authors: Heidarzadeh Arani Marzieh , Nikafarin Sara , Gilasi Hamidreza
Published: December 2021

Background: T helper type 2 (Th2) cells are critical cellular elements in allergic rhinitis. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) produces Th2-related cytokines and binds to the ST2 receptors. This is expressed strongly in mastocytes and discerningly in Th2 cells. Through Th2 cells, IL-33 may also have partly involved in immune responses. Objectives: This study aimed to measure the IL-33 serum levels in children suffering from allergic rhinitis and investigate its relationship with the disease. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on a population with the age range of 7-18 years, who referred to the Pediatric Clinic of the Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, Iran, in 2017. The study sample encompassed 57 patients with allergic rhinitis (case group) and 57 subjects with no allergic rhinitis (control group). The ELISA assay was used to measure the serum level of IL-33 in the case and control groups. Allergic rhinitis was diagnosed by a pediatric immunologist considering the patient’s history and the guidelines set out by the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA). All study data were analyzed with SPSS software version 22. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of age (P = 0.001), gender (P = 0.0144), family history of atopy (P < 0.001), symptoms duration (P < 0.001), and comorbidities (e.g., atopic dermatitis and asthma) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, compared to the control group, the case group exhibited significantly higher IL-33 serum levels (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The high serum levels of IL-33 exhibited in patients with allergic rhinitis indicate its involvement in the pathogenesis of the concerned disease.
Association of Postoperative Urinary Output in the First 24 Hours with Delayed Graft Function After Living and Deceased Donor Kidney Transplant: A Systematic Review
Authors: Seja Ilham Ari , Santoso Budi , Rasyid Nur , Situmorang Gerhard Reinaldi
Published: December 2021

Context: Delayed graft function (DGF) is an important clinical outcome following renal transplantation; therefore, it is important to be correctly diagnosed. The DGF is thought to correlate with the first 24-hour urine output (UOP1), and this clinical sign is expected to predict DGF. Objectives: This study aimed to discover whether the UOP1 correlates significantly to the DGF incidence and can be a DGF predicting factor. Data Sources: This study compared the incidence of DGF with the UOP1 reported by studies obtained from the electronic databases, namely MEDLINE, Cochrane, and EBSCO. Studies that performed multivariate or bivariate analysis and/or reported sensitivity and specificity were included in this review. Results: A total of 1719 studies were obtained from the database search, and 2 studies were enrolled from other sources. Out of 1721 studies, 9 studies were recruited in this review, 5 of which reported sensitivity and specificity. Overall, nine of these studies had a low to moderate risk of bias. Almost all studies reported a significant relationship between the UOP1 and DGF. All studies agreed that the UOP1 is a sensitive predictive factor in predicting DGF. The specificity reported by the studies examined in this review varied greatly. The use of optimum cut-off in each study is considered to be the cause of this variability. Conclusions: The UOP1 is significantly related to the incidence of DGF and is a proper parameter for the prediction of DGF events.
Electric power components estimation according to IEEE Standard 1459-2010
Authors: Kušljević Miodrag , Poljak Predrag , Tomić Josif
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the design and implementation of a novel recursive method for the power measurement ac-cording to the IEEE Standard 1459-2010 have been described. The most important parts are adaptive band and low-pass FIR filters that extract fundamental and dc components, respectively. In addition, by using oversampling techniques and decimation filters, coefficient sensitivity problems of the large-order FIR comb cascade structure are overridden and the parameter estimation accuracy is improved. The symmetrical components are estimated through a transformation matrix of adaptive phase shifters. The effectiveness of the proposed techniques is demonstrated by simulation results.
POESIA ARABA E SUFISMO NELL’ETIOPIA CONTEMPORANEA,FRA PRATICA E DOTTRINA
Authors: Petrone Michel
Published: December 2021

Riassunto: In questo studio si prenderanno in esame alcuni esempi provenienti dall’Etiopia Sud Occidentale, tutt’ora inediti. Composti da Sufi locali fra la fine del XIX secolo e l’inizio del XX, questi testi mostrano un profondo legame con la pratica del mawlid come festività popolare. Allo stesso tempo i versi racchiudono alcuni insegnamenti metafisici di scuola akbariana.

Abstract: Sufi poetry is widespread, in Arabic and local languages, throughout the Islamic world. In this study, some examples from Southwestern Ethiopia, still unpublished, will be examined. Composed by local Sufis between the end of the nineteenth century and the be-ginning of the twentieth, these texts show a profound link with the practice of the mawlid as a popular festival. At the same time the verses contain some metaphysical teachings of the Akbarian school.
Hacia un archivo de sentimientos maricas. Una lectura del cine de Martín Rejtman y Marco Berger
Authors: Rubino Atilio Raúl
Published: December 2021

Este ensayo realiza una lectura comparada entre el cine de Martín Rejtman y el de Marco Berger, no desde las similitudes o diferencias estéticas o narrativas sino desde una perspectiva queer en vinculación con elementos de las teorías de los sentimientos y afectos. De este modo, la relación que se establece entre el cine de ambos se puede pensar en términos de afectación y no de intertextualidad. Partiendo de la idea de Bromance vinculada al concepto de homosociabilidad se propondrá una lectura que rompa con la idea de cine queer asociada a la representación de identidades y prácticas homosexuales para pensarlo más asociado a la puesta en duda o crisis del binarismo hetero/homosexual y centrarse, en cambio, en las grietas, los bordes y las fronteras en donde la sexualidad se vuelve difusa o fluida. De este modo, se propicia un acercamiento al Nuevo Cine Argentino no a partir de la representación de identidades sexo-disidentes sino como un archivo de sentimientos maricas.
FUNCIONES DE LA ATENUACIÓN EN EL REGISTRO ACADÉMICO FORMAL ESCRITO: EL CASO DEL DERECHO Y LOS COMENTARIOS DE JURISPRUDENCIA EN CHILE
Authors: González Riffo Javier Andrés
Published: December 2021

La atenuación es entendida como un fenómeno retórico-comunicativo cuyo empleo reduce la fuerza ilocutiva de los enunciados con el fin de resguardar la imagen de los interactuantes y, consecutivamente, alcanzar con éxito las metas previstas (Albelda, 2016; Cestero y Albelda, 2020). Durante los últimos años, este fenómeno ha sido atendido especialmente a propósito del lenguaje oral en géneros discursivos preferentemente coloquiales, pero recientemente se ha apreciado un interés por estudiarlo en diversos géneros orales y escritos de carácter académico. En este contexto, este artículo tiene por objetivo describir el funcionamiento de recursos de atenuación presentes en un género discursivo disciplinar escasamente descrito: los comentarios de jurisprudencia. Con este propósito, se hace uso de herramientas de lingüística de corpus para, por una parte, recopilar 18 comentarios de jurisprudencia (97772 palabras en total) publicados durante los últimos 10 años en revistas indexadas chilenas y de corriente principal en Derecho, y, por otra parte, para automatizar la búsqueda de los atenuadores, lo cual se complementó con un análisis inferencial. Los resultados sugieren una relación entre el empleo de atenuadores, la expresión de interpretaciones jurídicas y la evaluación del comportamiento de miembros de la comunidad disciplinar, en especial aquellos que ostentan poder social y simbólico.
Tradução em (ent)revista: Simone Schwarz-Bart e as tradutoras brasileiras
Authors: Rocha Vanessa Massoni da
Published: December 2021

Propõe uma reflexão ampla sobre o exercício e os mistérios inerentes ao ofício do tradutor. O livro reúne entrevistas com Estela dos Santos Abreu e Eurídice Figueiredo, responsáveis por verter ao português, respectivamente, os livros A ilha da chuva e do vento (em 1986) e Joãozinho no Além (em 1988). Apresenta também uma entrevista com a escritora guadalupense Simone Schwarz-Bart, autora das referidas obras, cuja escrita engajada é fortemente ancorada nos costumes caribenhos. Os capítulos revelam rituais, práticas, prazos, dificuldades e repercussões dos trabalhos das tradutoras entrevistadas, descortinando aspectos vitais para que se alcance qualidade e o papel estratégico que a tradução desempenha no processo de receptividade de uma obra pelo público. Tradução em (ent)revista também é um testemunho dos processos que envolvem a tradução de obras caribenhas no Brasil, estimulando debates e estudos sobre a área.
Who are Our National Heroes beyond National Borders?
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Gergova Lina , Gergova Yana ,   Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

The focus of this article is on monuments to national heroes built at the initiative of the Bulgarian nation state, political party or migrant community beyond the national borders. Three analytical perspectives are presented: geographical, cultural and social, given that monuments are both physical objects and represent non-physical relations. The place of a monument is essential in the interpretation of its function, reflecting intercommunity negotiations and the views of community elites regarding the place of the in the host society. Another basic issue is who Bulgarian national heroes are abroad, who has selected them, and what means and procedures brought them there. Our hypothesis connects the core of the national celebrations (both pantheon and calendar) within the national territory with its periphery in what is a dynamic system. These reflections are illustrated with three case studies: Botev’s monument in Beijing, Vazov’s bust in Moscow and Levski’s memorial plate in Yeniköy (Romania). An inventory and a map of all the monuments dedicated to these three figures are attached.
Commensality and Individual Eating: Mediating Social Relationships during Work Breaks
Authors:   Lithuanian Institute of History, Vilnius, Lithuania, Šidiškienė Irma
Published: December 2021

Based on an analysis of eating during work hours, this article looks at the issue of maintaining informal social relations. Various forms of the gathering together of individuals are important in the maintenance of social relations. Very often, casual or leisure-time gatherings, whether they are to mark an important event or celebration, or are just a coffee or lunch break during work hours, involve eating or drinking. However, colleagues and co-workers do not always eat at the same time, especially regarding day-to-day eating during work hours. In this paper, the focus is on the relative importance of eating alone or eating in a group when researching the maintenance of informal relations. The first objective of this research is to clarify the social aspects in research on eating and to survey the scientific literature on commensality and eating alone. Second the paper looks at how eating in a group as opposed to individual eating are expressed as part of the daily eating routine with ones co-workers. By going through these objectives, the question is raised – how would ways of maintaining informal relations change if there an ever greater number of co-workers decided to eat alone?
Recommendation algorithm based on attributed multiplex heterogeneous network
Authors: Yang Zhisheng , Cheng Jinyong
Published: December 2021

In the field of deep learning, the processing of large network models on billions or even tens of billions of nodes and numerous edge types is still flawed, and the accuracy of recommendations is greatly compromised when large network embeddings are applied to recommendation systems. To solve the problem of inaccurate recommendations caused by processing deficiencies in large networks, this paper combines the attributed multiplex heterogeneous network with the attention mechanism that introduces the softsign and sigmoid function characteristics and derives a new framework SSN_GATNE-T (S represents the softsign function, SN represents the attention mechanism introduced by the Softsign function, and GATNE-T represents the transductive embeddings learning for attribute multiple heterogeneous networks). The attributed multiplex heterogeneous network can help obtain more user-item information with more attributes. No matter how many nodes and types are included in the model, our model can handle it well, and the improved attention mechanism can help annotations to obtain more useful information via a combination of the two. This can help to mine more potential information to improve the recommendation effect; in addition, the application of the softsign function in the fully connected layer of the model can better reduce the loss of potential user information, which can be used for accurate recommendation by the model. Using the Adam optimizer to optimize the model can not only make our model converge faster, but it is also very helpful for model tuning. The proposed framework SSN_GATNE-T was tested for two different types of datasets, Amazon and YouTube, using three evaluation indices, ROC-AUC (receiver operating characteristic-area under curve), PR-AUC (precision recall-area under curve) and F1 (F1-score), and found that SSN_GATNE-T improved on all three evaluation indices compared to the mainstream recommendation models currently in existence. This not only demonstrates that the framework can deal well with the shortcomings of obtaining accurate interaction information due to the presence of a large number of nodes and edge types of the embedding of large network models, but also demonstrates the effectiveness of addressing the shortcomings of large networks to improve recommendation performance. In addition, the model is also a good solution to the cold start problem.
Segmentation of Potential Fraud Taxpayers and Characterization in Personal Income Tax Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors:   Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, González Camino , Delgado María Jesús ,   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Lucas Sonia de ,   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Published: December 2021

This paper proposes an analytical framework that combines dimension reduction and data mining techniques to obtain a sample segmentation according to potential fraud probability. In this regard, the purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, it attempts to determine tax benefits that are more likely to be used by potential fraud taxpayers by means of investigating the Personal Income Tax structure. Secondly, it aims at characterizing through socioeconomic variables the segment profiles of potential fraud taxpayer to offer an audit selection strategy for improving tax compliance and improve tax design. An application to the annual Spanish Personal Income Tax sample designed by the Institute for Fiscal Studies is provided. Results obtained confirm that the combination of data mining techniques proposed offers valuable information to contribute to the study of tax fraud.
Use of Social Network Analysis for Tax Control in Spain
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, González Ignacio , Mateos Alfonso ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Published: December 2021

The Spanish Tax Agency is an experienced user of big data and has now deployed social network analysis (SNA) tools. SNA tools have led to a qualitative leap in such wide-ranging areas as tax collection, enforcement, control of ultra-high-net-worth individuals, and money laundering. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the different lines of research, strategies and results of nine projects over the last five years, including the lessons learned. We present the best practices in pattern discovery, the tools developed for the control of big fortunes and the strategy developed to create a bridge between expert knowledge and SNA technologies. We highlight the results of investigating interposed entities used to channel personal remuneration, complex corporate structures, and opaque companies.
A Mini- review : Effect of Phyllantus niruri L. on Growth and Health of Fish
Authors: . Rosidah , Herawati Titin , Andriani Yuli
Published: December 2021

Phyllanthus niruri L. is one of the herbal ingredients that has been widely used to treat various diseases in humans such as intestinal infections, kidney stones, chronic liver disease, diabetes, hepatitis B, asthma, gonorrhea, bronchitis, syphilis and boost the immune system. The ability of P. niruri in overcoming various diseases is based on its phytochemical content and pharmacological properties. Based on these properties, the plant may possibly be used as a drug to treat diseases in fish. So the purpose of writing this article is to review the extent to which P. niruri can be used as an alternative medicine to treat disease and maintain fish health. Secondary metabolites and phyllanthine as specific compounds present in P. niruri have antibacterial effects for types of bacteria that usually attack fish such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, it has the effect of being an antioxidant, immunostimulant and can be used for treatment and to increase fish growth.  So it can be concluded that P. niruri can be used as an alternative material to maintain health and help fish growth.
Long-term Trend in Mean Density of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) Uncertain
Authors: G. Candy Steven
Published: December 2021

Two recent attempts to model the long-term trend in mean density of Antarctic krill in the southwestern sector of the Atlantic using the KRILLBASE dataset using different statistical methods as well as inclusion versus exclusion of data from “non-scientific” nets have resulted in disparate conclusions. The approach that used a linear mixed model (LMM) fitted to the log of mean density, after standardisation was applied to individual net hauls and with means calculated for 12 spatial strata by years between 1976 and 2016, gave a highly statistically significant linear “regional” decline north of 60oS and, to a lesser degree, south of this latitude. The alternative approach that used a ”hurdle” model fitted to the individual net haul data, excluded regional stratification, and excluded non-scientific nets failed to detect an overall significant decline. The method of modelling log transformed means was reappraised and corrected by applying a meta-analytic LMM approach. Additionally, nonlinear smooths in year by region and a smooth in mean “climatological temperature” were included in the LMM. This model showed on average a mostly consistent decline north of 60oS, however, neither trend was significantly different from a no-trend prediction with the trend north of 60oS highly uncertain. Uncertainty of predictions resulted in only weak power to detect a substantial decline of the order of 70% between 1985 and 2005. These model-based inferences neither strongly support nor reject a general hypothesis that there has been a dramatic decline in density of Antarctic krill in the Southwest Atlantic over this period.
Structural Behavior of Ferrocement Concrete Plates Subjected to Flexural and Dynamic Loadings
Authors: B. I. Shaheen Yousry , M. Eid Fatma , Mesalam Omnia
Published: December 2021

Ferrocement is one of the structural materials, widely used due to its advantages from its particular behavior such as mechanical properties, and impact strength. This paper deals with the impact studies and energy absorption properties of ferrocement slabs. For these studies, 11 different ferrocement slabs of size 50 mm X 500 mm X 25 mm were cast with alteration in the combinations of mesh layers and test results are analyzed to find the different crack patterns .The test specimens were loaded by 3.10 kg under its height 1.20 m in the center of plates. The ferrocement plates were divided into 4 groups reinforced with steel mesh, steel mesh with steel bars, percentage of rubber and fiber. The impact energy at initial cracking stage and at failure was determined for all the slabs. Results of reinforced ferrocement plates emphasized that increasing the number of the steel mesh layers in the ferrocement forms increases the first cracking load, ultimate load and energy absorption. Using steel bars with steel meshes led to higher energy absorption than that obtained when using mild steel bars only. Using rubber and fiber achieved high impact energy.
Effect of Calcination on the Chemical and Microstructural Properties of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA)
Authors: Ahmad Afaq , Rehman Khalil UR , Ahmad Fawad , Ahmad Ansar , Siffat Muhammad Armaghan
Published: December 2021

This research study is for the evaluation of the effect of the burning temperature on the chemical and microstructural properties of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. The Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) is a byproduct of sugarcane which is dumped without proper handling and causing  environmental  issues  because  of  the burning on dump site and loss of the area due to dumping in the commodity. The current research study is conducted for burning of SCBA on different temperatures  and  duration  for  finding the optimum burning temperature and duration of burning. The chemical and microstructural properties of SCBA evaluated at burning temperatures of 800°C for the duration of 01 hour, at temperature of 600° for the duration of 03 and 06 hours by conducting the tests of FTIR, XRD and XRF on the samples. The test results show that the burning temperatures of 800°C for the duration of 1 hour contains amorphous silica and also fulfilling the requirement of pozzolanic material (Composition of Silica, alumina and iron oxide is greater than 70%) as compared to other ash samples of sugarcane bagasse.
Investigation of the Influence of the Molecular Weight of Polyethyleneglycols on the Optical Properties and Dispersed Characteristics of Sols of Au Nanoparticles used in Medicine
Authors: Ibragimov Abdul-Fattah Visirkhazhievich , Magomadova Iman Ibragimovna , Teberdieva Maryana Vyacheslavovna , Ferzauli Seda Alievna , Dolaeva Tamila Muslimovna , Akhmedataev Magomed Shamilevich , Blinov Andrey Vladimirovich , Gvozdenko Alexey Alekseevich , Blinova Anastasiya Aleksandrovna , Maglakelidze David Guramievich , Golik Alexey Borisovich , Slyadneva Kristina Sergeevna
Published: December 2021

In this work, the synthesis of Au nanoparticles stabilized with polyethyleneglycols with different molecular weights from 200 to 8000 Da was carried out. The synthesis was carried out by the method of chemical reduction in an aqueous medium using sodium citrate as a reducing agent. The dependence of the optical properties on the concentration and molar mass of polyethyleneglycol was studied in the obtained samples of Au nanoparticles. The absorption spectra were recorded using an SF-56 optical spectrometer. The studies were carried out in the visible range of the spectrum from 400 to 800 nm. It was found that the type of spectrum, the position of the surface plasmon resonance band and the optical density of the samples of Au nanoparticles stabilized with PEG-8000 with a concentration of 10 and 20% did not undergo significant changes during storage, which characterizes the high aggregate stability of these sols. The dispersed characteristics of these samples of sols of Au nanoparticles were also studied. The studies were carried out using photon-correlation spectroscopy by the method of dynamic light scattering. It is established that an increase in the concentration of the stabilizer leads to an increase in the average hydrodynamic radius of the particles. This fact is associated with an increase in the thickness of the stabilizer layer and with the "stitching" of the polymer layer of Au nanoparticles with the formation of aggregates. Thus, the best result was found in PEG-8000 samples with concentrations of 10 and 20%, since the type of spectrum, the position of the surface plasmon resonance band and the optical density did not undergo significant changes. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the best stabilizer for Au nanoparticles obtained by the citrate method is PEG-8000 with a concentration of at least 10 %. It is important to note that with an increase in the concentration of the stabilizer, the average hydrodynamic radius of the particles increases. This fact is associated with an increase in the thickness of the stabilizer layer and with the "stitching" of Au nanoparticles.
Formulation and Evaluation of Metoprolol Controlled Release Formulations
Authors: Vydana Ramakrishna , Bonnoth Chandra Sekhar Kothapalli
Published: December 2021

Aim: The main perspective of the present research work was to prepare Metoprolol floating controlled release formulations.

Methodology: After performing the characterization studies, Metoprolol tablets were prepared using various concentrations of poly ethylene oxide (PEO) WSR 303 (5% to 30%) by direct compression method. Formulations MP1 and MP6 were formulated using PEO WSR 303. Various pre and post compression parameters were evaluated. Dissolution studies were performed for the prepared tablets using dissolution medium of 0.1N hydrochloric acid.

Results: Characterization studies like Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for Metoprolol, Polyethylene oxide WSR 303 and their combination were carried out, which revealed that there is no interaction between drug and polymer. The dissolution studies showed the controlled release pattern of Metoprolol up to 24h. The formulation MP5 prepared using 25% w/w of PEO WSR 303 showed maximum drug release of 98.22% at 24h. Similar drug release profile was observed for MP6 which was formulated using 30%w/w PEO WSR 303. These two formulations were further added with various concentrations of sodium bicarbonate (5% to 15%) and citric acid (2.5% to 10%) which enhanced floating of drug. Formulation MP8 containing 10% of sodium bicarbonate with 25% PEO WSR 303 showed less buoyancy lag time and prolonged drug release. Formulation MP15 showed very less buoyancy lag time of 4sec.

Conclusion: Thus the prepared Metoprolol floating tablets showed prolonged drug release which could be a promising formulation for anti-hypertensive patients.
Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 with Lipid Profile, MDA and AOPP in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Divya P. , Sivakamasundari R. Inmozhi , Jithesh T. K. , Santha K. , Shifa K. , Nakkeeran M.
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is rising all over the world due to population growth, aging, urbanisation, and the increase of obesity due to physical inactivity, characterized by persistent high blood glucose levels associated with aberrations in lipid, carbohydrate, and protein metabolisms leading to water and electrolyte imbalance. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of mortality in diabetic patients. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, lipid metabolism imbalance, as well as myocardial cell apoptosis are key factors to facilitate the progression of Diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess FGF-21 levels and their association with lipid profile parameters and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A patient based cross-sectional study was conducted among the subjects with history of type 2 DM for the past 10 years.

Results: Variations in FBS, T.C, TG, LDL, HDL, VLDL, FGF-21, MDA and AOPP levels among cases and controls were depicted in Table 2. There was an increase in all these parameters in cases compared to controls whereas HDL showed a decrease among cases.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that there is a significant correlation between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), oxidative stress, and abnormal lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients. We would recommend further studies to explore the role of FGF21 as an important marker in predicting cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.
Reading Through Emotions: An Affective Narratolological Approach to Alice Munro's Short Stories
Authors: Sadeghi Sahar , Pirnajmuddin Hossein , Ladani Zahra Jannessari
Published: December 2021

The emergence of fields of study like emotionology, affective narratology, and psychonarratology in recent decades evidences a dramatic rise in research done on the meaning and interpretation of emotions. Affective Narratology as one of the recent fields in emotion studies attempts to identify and account for the figuration of emotions in works of literature. Focusing on three basic emotions (shame, jealousy and love) figuring in Alice Munro’s selected short stories this paper probes the significance of emotional registers in the writer's depiction of daily life. Examined is the way the stories' sincere tone and their comprehensible, ordinary language, contribute to the emotional identification of readers with characters. Applying affective narratological theories, the objective is to show how emotions contribute to plot development and characterization in these stories. Central to the analysis is interpreting emotional moments experienced by characters, especially female characters
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL PADA MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN PETRA SURABAYA
Authors: Monica Vita , Rosari Regina Bella
Published: December 2021

In the midst of the times and technological growth, the function of mass media began to be carried out by social media. This is influenced by the rapid development of various types of social media and its features. Most social media users are millennials. One of the millennial generation members and active users of social media are students, including Petra Christian University students. This study is using survey method, aims to determine using of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and LinkedIn by 225 Petra Christian University students. From this study is known, the majority of students use Instagram. They used Instagram to get information, find entertainment, add networking, and increase knowledge
“Moreninha”:
Authors: Mattos Ricardo Mendes , Alves Sabrina Prado
Published: December 2021

Analisa a objetificação sexual da mulher no cancioneiro de uma comunidade rural tradicional de São Luiz do Paraitinga, como parte de uma pesquisa etnográfica das expressões da cultura popular local. É realizada uma breve historiografia da “moreninha”, a começar pelas escravas cantoras (Qiyan) do mundo árabe, a moura encantada na Península Ibérica, a índia brasileira e a mulata. Conclui-se que a presença da morena no cancioneiro popular brasileiro incorpora séculos de objetificação da mulher, em uma forma de dominação patriarcal que abrange aspectos de gênero, étnicos, políticos e econômicos.
Um manifesto queer para decolonizar a cultura pop
Authors: Gonzatti Christian
Published: December 2021

Discuto possibilidades que vêm sendo corporificadas em alguns estudos, assim como desenvolvo reflexões sobre outros caminhos e desvios para queerificar o pop. Assim, através de surubas epistemológicas e metodológicas viso, aqui, a construção de orgasmos científicos capazes de pensar o pop no cu do mundo. Como um cidadão científico, bicha e fã, desdobro posições de uma “orgia de conhecimentos” críticos, reflexivos e transformadores do pop em um contexto latino-americano olhando para o seu cu.   Manifesto: a cultura pop, feminina, transviada, sapatona, entrando em nossa bunda com seu imaginário cosmopolita latejante, enquanto a comemos com as pregas do nosso cu latino, jorrando porra utópica para todos os lados e gemendo de tesão a Nossa América. Uma suruba de saberes. Trans(a)metodológica. Um carnaval de paus, bucetas, cus, suor, ao som de divas, funk, samba, brega, reggaeton – corpos brancos, pretos, mestiços. Uma orgia política.
Mental Disorders Among Offspring Prenatally Exposed to Systemic Glucocorticoids
Authors: Laugesen Kristina , Skajaa Nils , Petersen Irene , Andersen Marianne Skovsager , Feldt-Rasmussen Ulla , Kejlberg Al-Mashhadi Sofie , Stewart Paul , Jørgensen Jens Otto Lunde , Sørensen Henrik Toft
Published: January 2025

Importance

Current evidence of the association between prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids and long-term mental disorders is scarce and has limitations.

Objective

To investigate the association between prenatal exposure to systemic glucocorticoids and mental disorders in offspring at the age of 15 years, comparing exposed vs unexposed offspring born to mothers with the same underlying disease (risk of preterm delivery and autoimmune or inflammatory disorders).

Design, Setting, and Participants

This nationwide population-based cohort study used data from registries in Denmark with follow-up until December 31, 2018. Participants included all Danish infants born alive from 1996 to 2016. Analyses were performed from January to December 2023.

Exposures

Prenatal exposure to systemic glucocorticoids.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Fifteen-year crude and adjusted risks, risk differences, and risk ratios (RR) for mental disorders using Kaplan-Meier estimator comparing exposed vs unexposed offspring born to mothers with the same underlying disease.

Results

A total of 1 061 548 infants (52% male) were included in the final study cohort, including 31 518 born to mothers at risk of preterm delivery and 288 747 born to mothers with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders. Among offspring born to mothers at risk of preterm delivery, the adjusted risks for exposed vs unexposed were 6.6% vs 4.3% (RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.2-1.9]) for autism spectrum disorders; 1.6% vs 1.3% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.8-1.8]) for intellectual disabilities; 5.8% vs 4.3% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.0-1.7]) for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); and 7.2% vs 4.6% (RR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.1-2.0]) for mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Among offspring born to mothers with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, the adjusted risks for exposed vs unexposed were 4.8% vs 3.8% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.1-1.5]) for autism spectrum disorders; 1.1% vs 0.8% (RR 1.4, [95% CI, 0.9-2.0]) for intellectual disabilities; 5.5% vs 4.4% (RR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.0-1.5]) for ADHD; and 6.6% vs 4.6% (RR, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.2-1.8]) for mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Findings were confirmed through an active comparator and sibling design. However, confounding by disease severity could not be ruled out.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids was associated with higher risk of some mental disorders. These data support continued caution in the use of glucocorticoids in pregnant people.