bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Seldom Monitored Trace Elements Contamination in Surface Sediments of Bohai Bay, North China
Authors: Lu Jin , Gao Bo , Li Qiang , Zhou Huai Dong , Yin Shu Hua
Published: August 2013

A geochemical study of was carried out to analyze the concentrations, distribution and accumulation of the SMTEs (Seldom Monitored Trace Elements) in sediments of Bohai Bay, North China. The results showed that the average concentrations of V, Co, Mo, Sb, Tl and Mn were 98.26, 15.07, 0.75, 2.06, 0.64 and 678.80 mg/kg, respectively. SMTEs concentrations and their spatial distribution indicated that the SMTEs were due to anthropogenic inputs except for Mo. The assessment of Geoaccumulation Index showed that Sb was at the level of unpolluted to moderately polluted, and the other SMTEs were at the unpolluted level. The order of the pollution level of the SMTEs was: Sb > Tl > V Co > Mn > Mo.
Fuzzy Evaluation of Optimum Gasification Temperature of Sludge Derived Fuel
Authors: Li Chun Ping
Published: August 2013

A series of gasification experiments of sludge RDF was made by using independently developed gasification device. When sludge RDF was gasified at 300°C ~900°C, the trend of gas production was increased continuously with the peak of 65.5% at 900°C and the trend of bottom ash decreased continuously with the peak of 25.6% at 900°C, but tar yield firstly increased and then decreased, reaching maximum at 600 °C, about 31%. With the increase of the gasification temperature, combustible gas content of CO2 decreased significantly, while H2 , CO and CH4 increased. At 500 °C, heavy metal of Hg entirely evaporated into the atmosphere, volatile peak of Pb, Cd, As, Cu was in 800°C, volatile sort of 8 heavy metals was : Hg>Pb>Cd> As>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni. The optimal gasification temperature for sludge RDF is 700 °C when the volatilization rate of heavy metals was moderate, gas production was higher and tar produced was smaller.
Development of a Highly Sensitive Chemiluminescence Enzyme Immunoassay for the Determination of Bisphenol A
Authors: Liu Li Rui , Liu Li Qin , Chen Xue Qing , Shi Guo Qing
Published: August 2013

A highly sensitive chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) method for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) was developed, which used a secondary antibody labeled with horseradish peroxidase detected with a luminol-based substrate. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range was 0.01μg/mL~0.74μg/mL, and the detection limit was 0.008μg/mL. The average recovery for BPA in barreled water was 104%. This developed method could be applied for the selective, high-throughput, and rapid determination of BPA in barreled water.
Effect of Three Gorges Reservoir on River-Connected Lakes in Central Yangtze River
Authors: Dai L.Q. , Zhang P.P. , Mao J.Q. , Dai H.C.
Published: August 2013

As a very critical indicator of the health of the lake, water level of the river-connected lakes is influenced by both watershed inflows and the mainstream. Lakes connected to the Yangtze River has showed big differences since the impoundment of the TGR in 2003, as the hydrological regime in central Yangtze River has changed a lot. In order to grasp the effect of the TGR on the river-connected lakes, based on the water level data of four typical stations in Poyang Lake during the water release operation and storage period before and after the impoundment, the variation of water level is compared and discussed. It is shown that water level of Poyang Lake has undergone changes. In the water release operation stage, the average water level is higher, but in the storage period from late September to October, the average water level of the lake lower than before. In addition, it is pointed out that the extent is gradually reduced from north to south, as the max influence water level is about 1.5 meters and the average influence water level is about 0.6 meters in Hukou station. However, considering the time since the dam n period has not been long, the reservoir effect still needs to be further assessed based on long-term monitoring.
Effects of Freezing and Thawing on Soil Phosphorus of Protective Farmland
Authors: Liang Yun Jiang , Fu Min Jie , Liu Huan , Xu Guang Bo
Published: August 2013

Freezing and thawing of soil is an abiotic stress, and has direct effect on chemical properties, physical properties and biological properties. In order to research effect of freezing and thawing on soil chemical properties, experiments of freeze-thaw cycle were simulated, and different forms phosphorus was measured. Results show that freezing and thawing made water-soluble and loosely combined phosphorus content decrease, but made calcium P content increase. Low-strength freezing and thawing cycle made aluminum P content increase, but made iron P content decrease. To soil of low accumulation phosphorus, low-strength freezing and thawing made occluded P content decrease and be released, but high-strength freezing and thawing made occluded P content increase. Inorganic phosphorus content had an ascending trend with enhancing of freezing and thawing, but organic phosphorus content had a descending trend. Under low-strength freezing and thawing, available P content of soil of low accumulation phosphorus had an ascending trend, and available P content of soil of high accumulation phosphorus had a descending trend, but available phosphorus content had no great changes when strength of freezing and thawing continued to increase.
Impact of Humics and Plants on Microbial Community and Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation in Contaminated Soil
Authors: Jiao Hai Hua , Wang Kai , Pan Jian Gang , Jin De Cai , Huang Zhan Bin , Bai Zhi Hui
Published: August 2013

A greenhouse pot experiment, in which 3 different crops (wheat, cabbage, spinach) were cultivated in soil with and without humics (HS), was conducted to evaluate the effect of HS on soil microbiological properties. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles were analyzed to reveal the microbial community structure. As a measure of the functional activity of soil microbial community, the ratio of degraded to total petroleum hydrocarbon in soil was estimated. The results indicated that HS had an important effect on the soil microbial community and its functional activities. First, the principal component analysis (PCA) of the PLFA signatures revealed marked changes between soil with HS and without HS. In addition, the total amount and the profile of PLFA were significantly different between the untreated and HS-amended soils. Using PLFA patterns as a biomarker, it was found that gram-positive bacteria (G+) were more sensitive to HS than gram-negative bacteria (G-), and the biomass of G+ was higher in soil with HS than in that without HS. Second, the crop could stimulate the growth of soil microorganisms; however, the differences depended clearly on the crop species. The G+ and G- biomass was increased in spinach soil containing HS, but was decreased in wheat and cabbage soils. The population of fungi was increased in wheat and spinach soils containing HS, but was decreased in cabbage soil. The population of actinomycetes was increased in cabbage soil, but was decreased in wheat and spinach soils containing HS. Third, the ratio of degraded to total petroleum hydrocarbon was also affected by the HS treatment. It was slightly increased in soil with HS treatment, but a significant change depended on the crop species. In general, fatty acids ranged from C13 to C19. In total, 25 different PLFAs were identified, including saturated (SAT), monounsaturated (MUFA), branched (BR), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) species. There was a clear difference in the PLFA composition between soils with and without HS.
Estimation of Effect of Lead-Zinc Ore Mining on Ecosphere and some Specificitу of Monitoring (Primorsky Krai, Dal'Negorsk District)
Authors: Zvereva V.P. , Krupskaya L.T.
Published: August 2013

Mining industry in Dalnegorsk district has been developing for more than a hundred of years. This resulted in the formation of the mining technogenic system with the pronounced specific negative action on the ecosphere in total. The study district is characterized by the crisis ecological situation.
Estimation of the Tin-Sulfide Tailing Effect on Hydrosphere with Physicochemical Modeling (Komsomolsk Area)
Authors: Kostina Alyona M. , Bychinskyi Valeriy A. , Zvereva Valentina P.
Published: August 2013

Modeling carried out by the authors made it possible to show the system parameters, to study the process of the hypergene mineral crystallization from solutions, to take a look at their qualitative and quantitative ion composition, to show the hypergenesis role in the pollution of the surface and ground waters of the district, and to estimate it.
The Impact of Building Tianfu New Area on Chengdu City Air Quality
Authors: Liu Ping , Guo Hong Ling
Published: August 2013

This study analyzed the impact of building Tianfu new area in Sichuan on Chengdu city air quality. The paper insists the characteristics of terrain and climate in Tianfu new area lead to the difficult to convect and diffuse air pollutant, and the trend of air quality deteriorating has already emerged as the activities of a large number of industries and population. Absolutely ,building Tianfu new area will further aggravate this trend. And the paper suggests the government should take positive measure in management and policy to prevent and control air pollution.
Empirical Analysis on Pollution Control Effects Decomposition of Environmental Protection Investments
Authors: Lu Yuan Tang , Chen Peng , Zhu Jian Hua , Xu Shun Qing , Gao Jun
Published: August 2013

Based on the decomposition analysis method of pollution change, the article extended connotation of decomposition model, and applied it to the analysis of pollution removal factors. It quantitatively decomposed effects of increased environmental protection investments upon the change of COD removal into scale effect, structure effect and technology effect. Results show that the scale effect makes the largest contribution to the removal of COD, the structure change of environmental protection investments and technical effect perform negative effects. The environmental pollution control appeared as a rude mode, and the efficiency of pollution control is relatively low. Therefore, we should increase investment in industrial pollution treatments, promoting the application of friendly-sound and advanced technology, intensifying the construction of pollution treatment infrastructures and supervision on the whole operation so as to raise the environment benefits of environmental protection investments.
Analysis of Ambient Air Quality Status and Trends from 2010 to 2012 in Chengkou County of Chongqing City in China
Authors: Jiang Wen Hua , Chen Dao Jin , Long Xian Qiong
Published: August 2013

The air quality monitoring data from 2010 to 2012 in Chengkou County of Chongqing City in Southwest China was analyzed.The results show that in recent years the air pollutans affecting the air quality in Chengkou County mainly is PM10 and secondly is SO2. The monthly average concentrations of PM10 and SO2 show a U-shape trend with the highest values in January.The average concentrations of PM10 and SO2 are highest in winter and lowest in summer with obvious seasonal changes.The air quality of Chengkou in 2011 and 2011 has been somewhat improved compared with that in 2010.
Correlation between Fluorescent and UV Absorbance in Dissolved Organic Matter of the Effluent from the Pulp Mill
Authors: Liao Shao Wei , Cao Jing Wen , Chung Chung Yi , Gau Hwa Sheng , Lee Chang Gai , Lai Wen Liang
Published: August 2013

During the interval from Oct.2011to April.2012, water samples were collected from the effluent treated by the secondary treatment of pulp mill. The measurements of EEFM (Excitation Emission Fluorescent matrix) by the fluorescent spectrometry as well as the value of UV absorbance were analyzed for water samples filtered by 0.45μm membrane filter. The EEFM information of dissolved organic matter of filtered water samples were characterized as 8 components with 89.7% of explained variation using PARAFAC model. Four substances had high loading, including the wavelength of Excitation /Emission (Ex/Em) of 360/420 nm, 280/270-430 nm, 350/430 nm and 300/420-480 nm. The fluorescent characteristic of 270/310 nm and 270/450 nm had a high correlation with UV254 value (R=0.838); however, the fluorescent intensity of 240/410 nm had a negative correlation with the value of UV200-400.
Extraction of Chemical Fingerprint in Food Industry Wastewater
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Cai Ying , Mo Heng Liang , Sun Yan Zhi , Chen Yong Mei , Wan Ping Yu
Published: August 2013

Wastewater source tracing technology is a method to find the pollution wrecker based on wastewater chemical fingerprint database. How to extract and verify the chemical fingerprints of each factory is the key technology. Here report the extraction of chemical fingerprint by taking two factories (food brewing and food processing factories) surrounding Tong Zhou North Canal (Beijing) as representatives. Firstly, the organic chemicals, anions, heavy metal ions in wastewater are detected respectively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ion chromatography (IC), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM). According to the screening principles of chemical fingerprints, the pollution and characteristic fingerprints of two factories are identified. Finally, the simulated water samples were used to test the stability and feasibility of the extracted chemical fingerprints.
Investigation of Soil Contamination in Jianghan Oilfield
Authors: He Xi , Liu Wen Wen , Xu Gui Lai , Liu Hui , Li Min Jing , Yang Shi Song , Peng Zheng Hua , Li Zhi Min , Li Zhi Min , Tong Lei , Feng Liang
Published: August 2013

There are several hundred of abandoned oil wells in Jianghan oil field now. They were mainly started to be used in 70-80`s of last century, and mainly closed around 2000. After closure, the soil around the oil wells left uncultivated because of oil pollution, which caused serious waste of soil resource. In the present paper, 135 soil samples were collected from 15 oil well areas. Salinity, pH, petroleum hydrocarbon, heavy metals and some other elements were analyzed. According to the investigation, the soil of Jianghan oilfield showed high salinity, and tended to alkali. Petroleum hydrocarbon is dotted distribution, and some sites showed extremely high content as 24.67%. Some elements containing some heavy metals in Jianghan oilfield exceeded standard values and control samples, which may also be caused by oil exploitation.
Occurrence and Distribution of Polycyclic Musks in Surface Water from the Songhua River
Authors: Lu Bin Yu , Feng Yu Jie , Gao Peng , Zhang Zhao Han
Published: August 2013

Concentrations and distributions of four polycyclic musks (galaxolide (HHCB), tonalide (AHTN), celestolide (ADBI) and phantolide (AHMI)) in surface water from the Songhua River were investigated. Experimental data showed that the Songhua River had been polluted to different degrees except the rivers source. Concentrations of HHCB, AHTN, ADBI and AHMI were in the ranges of 6.77-30.65, 2.19-7.97, < LOD-1.94 and < LOD-2.53 ng/L, respectively. The results indicated a low proportion of wastewater burden in this river, and the HHCB and AHTN were the major components. Risk assessments on HHCB and AHTN suggest that the current polycyclic musk levels in Songhua River represent a low potential risk to the aquatic organisms.
The Ion Chromatography Intergrated Amperometry Method to Detectsulfonamides
Authors: Lu Wei De , Ma Zhan Qing , Rao Jun Feng
Published: August 2013

In this study, the high performance ion chromatography integrated pulsed amperometric detection (HPIC-IPAD) was appliedfor the first time to detect 10 sulfonamides. In this experiment,we used Dionex AS18 (250mm×2mm) and AG18 (50mm×2mm) columnsfilled with an anion exchange resin, with 14 mmol / L NaOH solution concentration. The Analysis temperature was 30 ° C, the flow rate was 0.25 mL / min, and the injection volume was 10 μL. The detection was through pulsed amperometric detection cell with Au electrode and reference electrode pH-Ag/AgCl as working electrodes. Take the standard stock solution compounding 0.06,0.15,0.30,1.5,3.0 mg / L standard solutions respectively,build linear regression on chromatographic peak area as Y and analyte mass concentration of as X (mg / L). In the range of 0.06-3.0 mg / L, the 10 sulfonamides response appeared a linear relationship (R> 0.9989). This method can be considered for the detection of trace sulfonamides substances in cosmetics, food, and feed.
Modelling Mosquito Population Dynamics: The Impact of Resource and Temperature
Authors: Wan Hui
Published: August 2013

Understanding the population dynamics of mosquitoes is fundamental to the study of the epidemiology of mosquito-borne diseases for the purpose of optimal control and prevention. In this paper, we presented a brief survey for former models for mosquito population and claimed that the effect of limited resource and temperature are important for the population dynamics of mosquito which should be considered in mosquito models.
Variational Characteristics of Water Quality of Produced Formation Water in Coalbed Methane Production Area
Authors: Liu Hui Hu , Sang Shu Xun , Xu Hong Jie , Liu Shi Qi
Published: August 2013

The produced formation water samples and the stored water samples of the tanks in coalbed methane production area were sampled, and their pH, the ion concentration were tested, the variational characteristics of pH, the distribution and the variation with time of the ion concentration, the variational characteristics of the salinity and the conductivity from the produced formation water and the water of the tanks were discussed in order to investigate the variational characteristics of water quality of the proudced formation water in coalbed methane production area. The results show that the produced formation water are alkalescent, the pH of the produced formation water and the stored water in the tanks are near to or beyond the maximum of Chinese irrigation water quality standards. The anions of the produced formation water are mainly HCO3- and Cl-, the ion concentration haven’t dearease effectively during the discharge of the produced formation water, the concentration of Cl- in the produced formation water and the stored water of the tanks from the partial coalbed methane wells is beyond the limit of the national standards. The salinity of the produced formation water and the stored water of the tanks are between 1500 mg/L and 2000 mg/L, and they are between the maximum of the non-saline areas and the maximum of the saline area according to Chinese irrigation water quality standards. The total hardness and the conductivity of the produced formation water and the stored water of the tanks in coalbed methane production area are relatively low, and they can meet the national discharged standard of sewage.
A Research on the Morphology and Composition of Flocs (Part 1: Floc Breaage Disregarded)
Authors: Ding Shi Qiang , Li Qing Na , Pang Xin Rong , Xu Ji Run
Published: August 2013

The characteristics of flocs aggregated in flocculation have been paid more and more attention for a long time. In this paper, a new classification and analyses method dealing with the flocs is developed. The flocs formed after flocculation is divided into four kinds, including the left primary particles, linear flocs with all component particles in a line, planar flocs with all component particles on a plane and volumetric flocs with all component particles in a three-dimensional space. By analyzing the formation approaches of different kind of flocs regardless of the floc breakage, the number of every kind of floc is analyzed to be related with the suspension concentration mathematically. After comparing the different items in the models describing the relationship of floc number and concentration, a series of simplified expressions are presented. Lastly, a mathematical equation relating the measurable suspension viscosity with the numbers of different flocs is obtained.
Preparation of Novel Magnetic Fluorescent Microspheres Obtained by Chemical Method
Authors: Lv Chao , Wen Shu Ming , Bai Shao Jun , Wang Yi Jie
Published: August 2013

The aim of this study is to analyze the properties of microspheres, which was obtained from an iron tailings. The flow-sheet of chemical method consists of chemical co-precipitation of Fe3O4 magnetic microspheres, SiO2 packaged and amino silicon alkylation modification with anthrone under NaBH4 existence. The results show that microspheres can be obtained successfully and it not only has a strong magnetism, but also has a fluorescence effort with the irradiating processing by ultraviolet with a wavelength of 282nm. This microsphere particle is a kind of high-value, environmentally-friendly products, it can be traced and served as a magnetic guide due to its magnetism and fluorescence properties, which has a big potential in medical technology and biological science.
Heterotrophic Bacterial Community Structure of Multistage Biofilters in a Commercial Pufferfish Takifugu rubripes RAS
Authors: Chen Zhu , Liu Ying , Liu Liang Zi , Wang Xiao Jing , Liu Zhi Pei , Liu Ying
Published: August 2013

The success of a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) greatly depends on the structure, dynamics and activities of microbial community. Heterotrophic bacteria as the major members play various roles. The heterotrophic bacterial community structure in threestaged biofilters was studied using four different media. 228 isolates belonging to 77species were obtained and affiliated toGammaproteobacteria,Alphaproteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,ActinobacteriaandBetaproteobacteria.Gammaproteobacteriawas the predominant group. The concurrence was found between potential pathogens (VibrioandShewanella) and probiotics (BacillusandPseudomonas). On the basis of community diversity index, we could infer that differences existed between stages, and the diversity index increased along the biofilters. A comprehensive understanding of microbial community in RAS will be in favor of utilization of microbial resources and optimizing the culture systems' operation.
Adsorption Kinetics of Phosphate on Ceria-Based Adsorbent
Authors: Li Bin , Wang Hong Bin , Yuan Yan
Published: August 2013

The adsorption kinetics and influencing factors deduction showed that adsorption process accorded with a second-order kinetic equation according to academic hypothesis. The result was validated by the phosphate adsorption onto Veria-Based adsorbent. The factor (m/V)bhad the close relation with the adsorption speed and the adsorbent dosage, intensity exponent b=0.44 (0b1) in this test condition. All the results show that phosphate adsorption on the adsorbent surface was mono-layer chemisorptions and that the hypothesis of kinetic inference was reasonable.
Advanced Treatment of Wastewater from an Ethylene Chemical Enterprise by a Biological Aerated Filter-Ultrafiltration-Reverse Osmosis Process
Authors: Li Li Hua , Dai Xiu Lan , Ma Fang
Published: August 2013

This work focused on the advanced treatment of the secondary treated ethylene chemical plant effluent, which contained high conductivity and high organic concentration. To reduce the cost and improve operation stability, a biological aerated filter-ultrafiltration-reverse osmosis (BAF-UF-RO) process was proposed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the BAF loaded with a novel non-sintered fly-ash ceramsite (NSFC) as pretreatment method were investigated in detail. The results showed that the COD, turbidity, NH3-N and SDI15in the effluent from the BAF were reduced largely. The BAF-UF-RO process was stable with the recovery rate of 75%, and the desalination rate was up to about 97.5%. Moreover, the operating pressure and backwash frequency of RO maintained 0.94-0.98 MPa and 2 times/d, respectively. After continuous operation for four months, there appeared to be no need for chemical cleaning of the RO membrane.
Experimental Study on Papermaking Wastewater by Advanced Electrochemical Oxidation Method
Authors: Huang Lin Lin , Liu Jun Feng , Sun Bin , Zhang Nan , Tang Yong Qing , Feng Yu Jie
Published: August 2013

Papermaking wastewater effluent from a biological processing unit was treated by an advanced treatment method-electrochemical oxidation process. The experiments were carried out in an electrochemical reactor using RuO2\SnO2 coated on titanium as anode and stainless steel as cathode. The changes of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction and other relative parameters have been determined as a function of treatment time and applied current density. The optimum reaction time and current density was 60min and 5mA/cm2, respectively. Results indicate that as an advanced treatment method, electrochemical oxidation can treat papermaking wastewater to achieve the standard of effluents effectively.
A Study on SCR Catalyst Support
Authors: Li Ruo Han , Zhou Song , Li Cai Ling , Wang Zhi Yu , Zhu Yuan Qing
Published: August 2013

NOx is one of the most serious atmosphere pollutants, and how to control and remove NOx is the hot research in the environmental field all over the world. SCR is considered as one of the most effective denitration methods at present. In SCR technology, catalyst is the core of the SCR system, and the performance of SCR catalyst mainly depends on the active component and catalyst support. Catalyst support can not only affect the choice of the active material and the catalyst promoter, but also affect the flue gas denitration efficiency. This paper mainly introduces four kinds of SCR catalyst supports: TiO2, Al2O3, activated carbon and activated carbon fiber and ZSM-5 zeolite. The performance of the four types of catalyst supports are compared, and SCR activity test of Mn-Ce supported and V2O5 supported on different catalyst supports are conducted respectively. Finally, for Mn-Ce supported and V2O5 supported catalysts, this paper puts forward that TiO2 is the most widely used and effective catalyst support.
Purification Effect of Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands with Multi-Size Combined Filter Medium
Authors: Zhang Xiang Ling , Xu Lu , Chen Jun Jie , Hu Liang
Published: August 2013

Three columns filled with multi-size combined medium were utilized in the simulative vertical-flow constructed wetland systems to treat wastewater at hydraulic loading rate of 2000-3000 mm/d, that the same kind of media including biological ceramsite, anthracite and zeolite in each column. Comparative analyses were made in treatment performances between multi-size medium and single medium. The results showed that compared with the treatment performances of single medium, the purifying effect had great influence by the multi-size combined medium which were made up of same kind and different size of filter medium. Contrast with the corresponding single medium, the average removal efficiencies of CODCr, Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP) were increased obviously which were purified by the multi-size combined medium. Good performances were achieved in terms of removal of BOD5 and CODCr in the column of multi-size combined biological ceramsite medium. The average removal efficiencies of TN were great in the column of multi-size combined zeolite medium. Good performances were also achieved in terms of removal of TP in the column of multi-size combined anthracite medium.
Removal Efficiency of Organic Substance in Municipal Sludge by Supercritical Water Oxidation
Authors: Li Dan , Sun Cong Jun , Ye Jian Feng
Published: August 2013

In this study efficiency of organic matter in municipal wastewater sludge treated by supercritical water is investigated. Influences of main reaction parameters, including temperature (380~500°C), pressure (23-30 MPa), residence time (1-10 min), oxidant dose (100%-200%), were evaluated. Orthogonal Array design was applied in order to consider each parameters impact on COD removal. Study results indicate that 97.89% of COD in the sludge sample can be removed in 10min at 500°C, 30MPa and 200% H2O2oxidant excess dose. Temperature, pressure, resident time are main factors to affect the reaction, while oxidant dose has a little effect on removal of COD in municipal wastewater sludge. The conclusion is the organic matter in municipal wastewater sludge can be removed effectively by super critical water oxidation.
Study on the Advanced Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastewater by Fenton Oxidation and its Comparison with Ozone Oxidation
Authors: Huang Li Jun , Song Li Ying , Wan Hong You , Zeng Ke
Published: August 2013

The treatment on the secondary biochemical effluent of pulp and paper wastewater by Fenton oxidation was studied and the influence of H2O2dosage, Fe2+dosage, pH and reaction time on the treatment effect was investigated by the orthogonal test and single-factor test. The treatment effect was eminent when the H2O2dosage was 3.75mmol/L, Fe2+dosage was 3.20mmol/L, pH was 4.00 and the reaction time was 80.00min. The removal rate of UV254and chromaticity significantly increased as H2O2dosage was 1.88 ~ 3.75mmol /L, but the COD removal rate declined as H2O2dosage was more than 2.81mmol/L; each removal rate increased and then decreased slightly with the increase of Fe2+dosage, each removal rate dropped obviously as pH was more than 5.00; within 80.00min, the removal rate increased significantly, it changed little with the continuous increase of reaction time. Under the optimal conditions, the COD removal with Fenton oxidation was more effective and its removal rate could achieve 88.33%, it was advantageous compared with ozone oxidation; but the elimination effect of UV254and chromaticity to pulp and paper wastewater with ozone oxidation was better, the two removal rate achieved 83.70% and 92.00% in a short time, respectively. Although it could reach such a removal effect by Fenton oxidation, it did not have the superiority in reaction time.
Research on Effect and Mechanism of Sewage Treatment by SBR with Concrete Bio-Films
Authors: Jin La Hua , Jiang Na Sha
Published: August 2013

In order to develop a new high-efficient but low-cost sewage treatment technology, sewage treatment experiments have been accomplished in a new type sequencing batch reactor with concrete bio-films. During experiments, simulation sewage was taken as raw water, and the operation sequence of the reactor was taken as 1.25h for water input and hypoxia, 1.25h for aeration, 0.5h for precipitation and 0.5h for water discharge successively. It has been shown by the experimental results that the reactor has optimal sewage purification effects, such as its average pollutant removal rate can arrive at about 95% for COD and BOD5, near 70% for ammonia hydrogen and about 40% for total phosphorus under the experimental condition. Main factors influencing the reactor purification effect have been discovered as pollutant volume load, ratio C/N, water temperature and amount of bio-films installed in the reactor. The mechanism of their influences has been also discussed in this paper.
The Application of AMAO Process and Low DO Aeration Technology
Authors: Liu Sheng Jun , Kong Ling Yong , Huang Yu , Zou Zhong Xun , Huang Song
Published: August 2013

Anaerobic multilevel anoxic/oxic (AMAO) process is a new phosphorus and nitrogen removal process, has the advantages of high treatment efficiency and low operation energy consumption and has extensive application in China. In order to further optimize the process, AMAO process should be combined organically with low DO aeration technology, the technical features, the necessity of technical combination, engineering example and application effect are elaborated in this paper.
Variation and Control of Small Gasoline Engine Emissions Performance in the Plateau Region
Authors: Li Chong Shang , Liu Sheng Ji , Wang Jian
Published: August 2013

When small gasoline engines using carburettor are operated in the plateau region, the air intake and fuel supply have different decrease with the altitude increase, and the mixture thicken and the emissions increase. Take outboard marine gasoline engine F15 as an example, the quantitative relationship comparing engines operated on the plateau region to on the plain in same mixing ratio are shown, which includes the power, specific fuel consumption, and CO, HC, NOx specific emissions. And fuel system correction methods are come out to meet EPA emission regulations in different altitudes.
The Research of Source and Composition of Dust Haze in Chengdu and its Control Countermeasures
Authors: Wang Wen Yong , Fu Gao Ping
Published: August 2013

In this thesis, on the basis of detailed survey and actual measurement of the emissions of fine particulate matters (PM2.5) and PM2.5 precursors (SO2, NOx and VOC) in Chengdu City, the source composition of PM2.5 in the atmospheric air of Chengdu City is simulated by taking the mode of Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ); meanwhile, with reference to the source analysis results of the other units, the key objects of dust haze (PM2.5) pollution, namely fugitive dust, industrial pollution sources and motor vehicle exhaust, can be controlled. Therefore, four main measures for controlling the dust haze (PM2.5) pollution are put forward: the first is to deeply control the particulate matters emitted by the industrial enterprises and install the desulfurization and denitrification devices to reduce the emissions of PM2.5 primary particulate matters and precursors; the second is to reduce the emissions of motor vehicle exhaust, nitrogen oxides and VOC; the third is to strengthen the control of fugitive dust; and the fourth is to implement joint prevention and joint control system among the cities.
Succession Law of Cultivable Desulfuration Microorganism during Domestication
Authors: Zhao Huai Yuan , Huang Bing , Sun Dong Ggou , Zuo Wen Gang
Published: August 2013

A desulfuration bacterial community with high efficiency of removing SO2were obtained with inductive domestication method. The isolated cultures technique and 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique were used to investigate the bacterial community structure and dynamic change in domestication process. The results showed that 13 species were identified from 45 isolated strains from bacterial community after 7d ,14d and 21d domestication, they were the first find associated with removing SO2.The community structure varied significantly in domestication process during which some species kept stable while others were replaced by new species gradually. The results confirmedRhodococcus erythropolishad good desulfurization ability and stability , might be the key microorganism involved in removing SO2, were preliminarily confirmed dominate species. Other dominant bacteria werePseudomonas putidaandMicrobacterium oxydans.Isolated strains and their gene imformation provided a lot of microbial resources for development microbial desulphurization technology of contained SO2tail gas.
Effects of Temperature and pH on the Transformation of Ferric Arsenate to Scorodite in Acidic Solution
Authors: Wang Kuan Ling , Jia Yong Feng
Published: August 2013

Scorodite is an important arsenic carrier for the immobilization of arsenic generated in the metallurgical industries. The transformation of the amorphous ferric arsenate into scorodite was investigated in a mixed sulfate media (pH 1-2) and elevated temperature (80-95 °C). This transformation process has been traced via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thus, it was found that lower pH and higher temperature was favored to generate more stable scorodite. The scorodite with TCLP leachability of 3.58 mg/L As was produced at 95 °C and initial pH 1.2 for 12 h.
Measurement and Select of Particle Using an Experimental Box
Authors: Lv Yang , Liu Guang Fei , Li Fen , Yoshino Hiroshi
Published: August 2013

In the current study, on the behavior of dust particle, JIS-11 test particles were used as simulated particles. However, existing particles in the background might have influenced the measurement results of JIS-11 test particles. This study measured and selected particulate matter as dust particle in indoor environment using an experimental box. The concentration of riboflavin shows less effect from the background, therefore, riboflavin particles were used as the dust particulate matter.
Numerical Simulation of Pulse Cleaning Process in Ceramic Filtration System
Authors: Li Hai Xia , Jiang Wei
Published: August 2013

The numerical simulation model was established using FLUENT code to analysis the flow field of pulse cleaning process of filtration system. The pressure variation with pulse cleaning time was studied. The effect of nozzle shape and diffuser shape on flow field was investigated. The diffuser construct can affect the flow field distribution, but the effect is little. The converged nozzle can bring better pulse cleaning effect by bring higher velocity and lower pressure at outlet.
On-Road Gaseous Emission Characteristics of the Bus Based on DOC + CDPF Technology
Authors: Lou Di Ming , Qian Si Li , Hu Zhi Yuan , Tan Pi Qiang
Published: August 2013

In this paper, an experimental investigation was conducted using Vehicle Emission Testing System to study on-road gaseous emissions (CO, THC, NOX, CO2) characteristics based on diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) technology. The results show that after the implementation of DOC + CDPF device, CO, THC emissions are significantly reduced, while the NOX, CO2 emissions remain almost the same. Under steady conditions, the reduction percentages of CO, THC, NOX, CO2 emission factors are 56.0%, 66.0%, 18.3%, 17.5%, respectively. Under transient operation conditions, the reduction percentages of CO, THC, NOX, CO2 emission factors are found to be 43.2%, 65.9%, 13.7%, 10.9%, respectively. Addition to the THC emission factor, the emission factors of CO, NOX and CO2 in transient operation conditions are higher than steady conditions.
Photocatalytic Degradation PS/B-F Co-Doped Nano-TiO2 Composite
Authors: Li Ying Ying , Zhang Zhong Hou , Wang Zhao Lei
Published: August 2013

The B-F codoped nano-TiO2particles powders were prepared by the sol-gel method. The PS/B-F co-doped nano-TiO2composite was synthesized with in situ polymerization. The films of PS/SBS/B-F co-doped nano-TiO2composites were prepared by the hot-pressing machine, and the accelerated photodegradation of films were investigated with a 1000W xenon lamp. The surface morphology and Tg of the films in the process of degradation were detected by SEM and DSC. Results showed that the Tg of PS/SBS/B-F codoped nano-TiO2composite is the lowest of all samples. More and large holes were observed in the surface of PS/SBS/B-F codoped nano-TiO2composite film.
Potential Utilization of OECD 302 B Test in Biodegradability Assessment of Metalworking Fluids
Authors: Gerulova Kristina , Fiala Jozef , Szabova Zuzana , Buranská Eva , Paulocikova Petra , Bacigalova Petra
Published: August 2013

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the activated sludge from sewage treatment plant to degrade a part of the 12 randomly selected metalworking fluids (MWFs) according to OECD 302B (with different addition of activated sludge AS 0.25 g/l, 0.50 g/l and 1.00 g/l of suspended solids - SS). The degradability test showed that, after the first 3 hours of cultivating, adsorption grew with the increasing amount of inoculums. In the case of AS addition 1.00 g/l of SS were the adsorption rate lower than 20 % in four samples, in the case of AS addition 0.50 g/l of SS in 9 samples and in the case of AS addition 0.25 g/l of SS in all 12 tested samples. In four samples were also observed the lag phase (adaptation of the bacterias to the presented carbon source). If occur adsorption rate more than 20% it is probably impossible to distinguish biological degradation of organic matter from abiotic elimination from the suspension.
Promotion of Cerium Oxide as Additive over MnOx/PG SCR Catalysts for Low Temperature Flue Gas NO Removal
Authors: Zhang Xian Long , Zhang Lian Feng , Zhang Heng Jian , Wu Xue Ping , Cheng Jun Nan , Xie Cheng Hua , Yin Cai Xia
Published: August 2013

Manganese oxides supported palygorskite (MnOx/PG) catalysts used for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3was modified by doping cerium oxide as additive for enhancement of its performance. The effects of doped cerium content on catalysts' activity were investigated. It was found that the NO removal efficiency of Mn8Ce5/PG catalyst was remarkably higher than Mn8/PG catalyst especially at low temperatures, revealing that the addition of cerium oxide effectively enhanced the catalysts' SCR activity. Catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, XPS to explore the relation between structural properties and increasing in SCR activity via modification. Results showed that the doping of cerium oxide has improved the dispersion of manganese oxides as active species. And furthermore, the stability of surface MnO2was also improved which was suggested to be the main reason for the enhancement of catalysts' activity.
Removal of Phenol in Waste Water with Activated Carbon Prepared from Corncob Xylitol Residue
Authors: Xue Jing Wen , Gao Shi Shuai , Yin Chun Hua , Li Zheng Heng
Published: August 2013

Corncob xylitol residue was soaked with H3PO4 for 16h and carbonized in microwave for 9min to obtain activated carbon. The adsorbing property of the activated carbon was investigated. Results showed phenol could be adsorbed effectively by activated carbon and the optimum adsorbing condition was: 20°C, 2h, pH 3-4. Increasing the amount of activated carbon could adsorb more phenol, and this effect was not apparent when the amount of activated carbon was more than 0.5g when adsorbing 100mL of 200mg/L phenol solution.
Study of Diesel Particulate Filter Filtration Efficiency and the Effects on Performance of Diesel Engine
Authors: Sun Zhu , Sun Ping , Wu Qi Min , Hu Jun , Zhang Min
Published: August 2013

The technology of diesel particulate filter (DPF) is one of the most effective ways to control particulate emission of diesel engine. In this paper, a DPF was installed on a high-pressure common rail diesel engine, which meets China Stage III emission standard (GB17691-2005), to investigate the filtration efficiency of DPF, and its effects on exhaust back pressure, fuel economy, and emissions characteristics of diesel engine by test bench. Results showed that after DPF was installed on the engine, the PM was reduced by more than 90%, while specific fuel consumption and exhaust back pressure were increased by about 5% and 10kPa, respectively.
Study on Adsorption and Remove of Fluorine from Water by Modified Zeolite
Authors: Kang Ying , Liu Jian , Su Shao Long
Published: August 2013

A modified Zeolite to be prepared and its performance of removing fluorine from containing fluoride water was reported. Firstly, using zeolite 4A as skeleton, by means of carrying to adsorb Fe3﹢from containing ferri ions solution, which the zeolite can be modified and the coordination metal center are formed. Based on mechanism of ligand exchange, a new material of removing deeply fluorine from water was got. Secondly , the results show that this modified zeolite has favourable adsorbing capacity for fluorine from water, when fluorine concentration is about 4～25 mg.L-1, above 99.0% of fluorine can be removed from water. The static saturation adsorbing capacity is 20.1 mg.g-1, by following conditions:the pH of water range of 5-8; solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:50 and room temperature.Common-ions in water do not make affect to adsorbing fluorine by the zeolite and high selection in process of removing fluorine has been demonstrated.
Thermodynamic Properties of Modified Sepiolite Phosphorus Removal
Authors: Quan Wen
Published: August 2013

this thesis makes an in-depth study on the adsorption properties of modified sepiolite to phosphorus, and confirms how the factors such as, phosphorus wastewater flow, phosphorus removal agent dosage, temperature, additives and other factors effect on the phosphorus adsorption thermodynamic equilibrium of modified sepiolite. With the increase of phosphorus removal agent of modified sepiolite, adsorption capacity of modified sepiolite phosphorus removal to PO43- ions in wastewater decreases; the removal rate increases with the increase removal agent; improving the acid modified temperature favors the adsorption of compound phosphorus removal to sepiolite; adsorption amount increases with the calcination temperature of sepiolite. This thesis describes the adsorption capacity of the modified sepiolite to phosphorus changes with temperature. According to the experimental data, adsorption isotherms at different temperature are presented in this thesis. And a theoretical foundation is provided for the industrial application of modified sepiolite phosphorus removal.
The Summary of Groundwater Contamination
Authors: Zhang Wei , Dong Shao Gang , Wu Ding Ding , Zhang Ling Feng
Published: August 2013

Groundwater is widely distributed and stability changed.It is the ideal drinking water with good quality and easy application.As well as, it is an important water supply source of the life, industry and agriculture.However, groundwater pollution can't be ignored in China.In this paper, groundwater pollution,groundwater vulnerability evaluation and groundwater water pollution remediation technologies are reviewed through reading a lot of theses in China and other countries. The groundwater vulnerability evaluation of DRASTIC and based on the GIS technology are mainly introduced. According to the evaluation results, appropriate pollution remediation technologies are taken, so as to protect and repair groundwater. I hope this paper can provide some theoretical suggestions for the sustainable development of groundwater in China.
Treatment of Munitions Decomposing Wastewater Using Membrane Biological Reactor
Authors: Xue Feng , Zhang Wu Long , Yan Hong Zhou , Zhang Zhi Hong
Published: August 2013

Wastewater from the munitions decomposing process typically contains the widely used explosive-trinitrotoluene (TNT), which is also toxic and mutagenic. Commonly used technologies for degradation of TNT,such as activated carbon adsorption and chemical oxidation, are proved to be feasible but not cost-effective. In this study, the effectiveness of biodegradation of TNT by co-metabolism was evaluated in a hybrid hydrolysis acidification and aerobic membrane bioreactor. After six weeks acclimatization, over 90% TNT was removed with influent TNT concentration ranging between 70-85mg/L. Simultaneously remarkable MLSS concentration increase from 1.4 g/l to 6.9 g/l was observed, which indicated that the acclimatization and incubation of biomass was successful. The membrane effectively prevented loss of sludge and kept large biomass in the reactor, which made the system maintained in a high volume loading rate and low sludge loading rate. The experiment results showed that addition of carbon source was an essential factor in biodegradation of TNT wastewater.
Visible Light Induced Photocatalytic Degradation of Br-Trihalomethanes over Polymer-Modified TiO2
Authors: Zhang Dong Dong , Qiu Rong Liang , Wang Shi Zhong
Published: August 2013

Under visible light irradiation, the photocatalytic degradation of Br-THMs was successfully achieved. It suggested that Br-THMs were de-bromized in a stepwise manner. The more bromine substituted in Br-THMs, the more easily it can be degraded, due to C-Br bond is easier destroyed than C-Cl. A proposed degradation pathway through a series of free radical reactions was also discussed.
Elimination of EDTA in Aqueous Solution by Bimetallic Al-Fe Process
Authors: Liu Xin , Fan Jin Hong , Ma Lu Ming
Published: August 2013

Oxidative degradation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) in aqueous solution at normal temperature and pressure by the novel bimetallic Al-Fe was investigated. The results showed that the removal efficiency of EDTA, TOC and TN could be about 98%, 75% and 47% respectively after 3h reaction. The effects of initial pH, concentration of EDTA, mass ratio of Al0and Fe0and Al-Fe loading were also investigated. Significantly, the bimetallic Al-Fe process exhibited higher reactivity than monometallic Fe0/Al0process for the degradation of EDTA.