bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Asset Management Data for Energy Recovery and Leakage Reduction
Authors: Bonthuys Gideon Johannes , Blom Petrus , van Dijk Marco
Published: October 2018

Excess pressure and increases in pressure within water supply and distribution systems correlate directly to increased water losses from pipe leakages. Pressure management in water supply and distribution systems, is one of the most influential, most important and most cost-effective interventions that can be implemented in order to reduce leakage. Excess pressure available in water supply and distribution systems can be used as a renewable, low cost clean energy alternative for energy production with no significant environmental impacts. Similar to the use of PRVs, hydraulic turbines and pumps as turbines can be used to reduce excess pressure in a water network, but with the added benefit of converting the excess pressure into electric power rather than to dissipate the energy. Asset management systems, inclusive of asset management plans and asset registers, provides unabridged information on water supply and distribution systems with regards to spatial, technical, operational and financial data. Analysis of this data with respect to energy recovery highlights the currently undetected opportunities. The energy consumption in urban water supply and distribution systems represents 7% of the world’s energy consumption. The paper investigates and proposes the leveraging of asset management data for optimizing pressure management to enable maximum energy recovery and reduce the leakage rate from the system. Energy recovery decreases the carbon foot-print of the water distribution system while simultaneously either generating a stream of revenue for the operator or resulting in an energy cost saving. This increase in revenue or cost saving impacts on the dynamic of an asset management plan and provides for a more sustainable system. The paper also investigates the asset life cycle implications of energy recovery on the asset management system as well as the addition of an energy recovery and leakage reduction layer to current asset management software.
Don't Be Gay, Dude! How the Institution of Sport Reinforces Homophobeia
Authors: Lucyk Kelsey
Published: October 2018

Kelsey Lucyk analyzes how the media and the institution of sport have entrenched certain ideals about masculinity meanwhile reinforcing homophobic attitudes towards gender roles in sports. This article focusses primarily on analyzing Canadian sports and makes use of the concept of muscular Christianity to explain hegemonic masculinity as found in the Canadian institution of sport.
Human Wreckage from Foreign Lands - A Study of Ethnic Victims of the Alberta Sterilization Act
Authors: Keith Ellen
Published: October 2018

On March 21st, 1928, the Alberta government passed the Alberta Sexual Sterilization Act. Between 1928 and 1972, the Alberta Eugenics Board used the Act to sterilize an estimated 2,822 ‘mentally-defective’ Albertans. This paper examines the role that ethnicity played in the sterilization process, arguing that nativist attitudes influenced both the Canadian eugenics movement and the development of the Act.
Turkish Politics: Between Europe and Islam
Authors: Wallace Kyle
Published: October 2018

Since the inception of Turkey as an independent state, the country has based itself on Western modes of governance, with secularism being a hallmark of the nation. In recent years, Islamic parties have made inroads in government, causing consternation among the old guard and allies in Europe. Much of the modern arguments against Turkey's inclusion in the EU rely on psuedo-Orientalist ideas; Turkey is somehow so different and alien from "European" culture that they simply do not belong in the EU. Historical notions of Turkey and Islam as fundamentally different are then propagated to remove Turkey from contemporary Europe. Islamic politics in Turkey do not represent a shift to a more fundamentalist ideology; in actuality, Turkish Islamic parties are very modern movements based in progressive ideas. The rise of Islamic parties in Turkey signals a shift away from a dogmatic following of the strictly secular West into a more hybrid political identity, unshakably tied to the West but allowing for a greater expression of its Middle Eastern Muslim heritage.
Translating Representations: Orientalism in the Colonial Indian Province of Bengal (1770s-1830s)
Authors: Larocque Emily
Published: October 2018

The late 18th century to early 19th century British conquest into the Indian province of Bengal provides a fascinating study of the influence of translation and printing on the colonial relationship. Translation, as a form of representation, is yet another lens through which we can analyze Edward Said‟s concept of Orientalism (colonizer/colonized relationships) and witness the complexities and consequences that can result when individuals reinforce and/or subvert these „relations of power.‟
Gender and Sexuality in Nazi Germany
Authors: Loroff Nicole
Published: October 2018

In this paper, I survey Nazi ideals on gender and sexuality and illustrate how these ideals affected both German men and women. I also discuss how Nazi views on gender and sexuality were developed and enforced by the regime. I highlight the general contradictions apparent in Nazi policy on gender and sexuality. Ultimately, the purpose of my paper is to show that the non-Jewish German population was also impacted by Nazi policies.
Differing Interpretations: Causes of the Collapse of the Soviet Union
Authors: Kalashnikov Anthony
Published: October 2018

This historiography paper analyzes a sample of the body of writing regarding the causes of Soviet collapse that has appeared in the last 20 years. There are several themes that the time-period's histories address, but, for the most part, they conveniently tend to focus on the central question of “why did the Soviet Union collapse?” As most secondary sources tackle the question directly and coherently, this essay will argue that historiography is best classified by "factors of collapse‟. Furthermore, this essay will contend that there is a correlation between mediums of writing and the "factor of collapse‟ they tend to espouse.
Methodology in the Interpretation of Roman Mithraic Imagery
Authors: Brown Sean
Published: October 2018

The nature of a semiotic system is inherently complex. In the course of this paper, we will examine that nature through the application of linguistic anthropological theory. In so-doing, an interpretive methodology will be elucidated with particular attention given to the religious iconography of the Mithraic Mysteries found in imperial Rome. This multi-disciplinary approach to interpretation seeks to combine classical learning with the applied scientific approach of anthropology in the interest of providing a fresh perspective to an old question: “What does it mean?”
Religious Movement as a Necessity for Early Middle Age ‘Heretics’ and the Church
Authors: Eperjesy Stephen
Published: October 2018

The nature of the „Christian Middle Ages‟ in Europe and the interaction of „heretical groups‟ operating within France is anything but the simplistic model that we conjure in our minds when we hear the terms „Christian‟ Europe and „heretics‟. A juggernaut of power embodied by the Church, bending to nothing and rooting out the poor, unintelligent „heretics.‟ This paper will venture to enlighten the reader to the exceedingly complex relationship between the Church and the „heretical‟ groups. Furthermore, examining the membership of the „heretics,‟ their industries as well as modern contributions from leading historians, will allow the reader to see how the Church undertook a policy of accommodation towards „heretics‟ and actively sought to recruit, not necessarily exterminate these heretical groups, in order to invest in the Church itself and strengthen its power base.
Forgery: Legislation Gone Mad or Legitimate Social Threat?
Authors: Hamoen Carissa
Published: October 2018

Forgery in eighteenth-century London was more than a crime of opportunity; it completely undermined the economic, social and political orders of that society. Using the works of authors such as Randall McGowen, John Beattie, Craig Muldrew, and others, this paper examines cases tried in the London Old Bailey from 1700- 1740 in the context of the financial revolution and the rise of the bloody code. The paper looks at the implications this crime had on the greater London society, the changes in legislation that came about as a result of forgery, and the changes in punishment for the crime. Ultimately, it examines at the reasons for the radical change in people‟s perception of this crime in such a short time period.
The Vanguard of Colonialism: Missionaries and the Frontier in Southern Africa in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Gifford Paul
Published: October 2018

In this essay, I undertake an examination of how Christian missionary societies facilitated the spread of European ideals and belief systems within an African community, and how this spread both prepared and weakened the African polities for increasing contact with colonial authorities. I specifically explore the role missionaries took in everyday functioning of African chiefdoms and kingdoms through their roles as interpreters and diplomats. Missionaries played a role in shaping the day-to-day existence of the polities in which they were based, as they saw themselves fighting in the “war for souls” in Africa. I examine the effects of this contact in syncretising African and European beliefs, focusing on the especially tragic example of the Xhosa cattle killing. Life on the frontier shaped a deterministic “Christian” identity amongst white settlers along the fringes of colonial life, a distance which in turn led to these fringe groups being seen as un-Christian by their own churches.
An Analysis of the Main Causes of the Holodomor
Authors: Cheng Yiwei
Published: October 2018

The 1932-33 Ukrainian Famine has always been a very controversial topic in Ukrainian history. Scholars generally blame Stalin and his rural collectivization policy. The lack of agricultural machinery, ineffective organization and the awkward relations between the village officials and local peasants all contributed to the famine. By using both Ukrainian and Western documents, this paper is devoted to the analyzing of the main causes of the famine.
Crossing the Rhine: Germany during the Early Principate
Authors: Brochu Leah
Published: October 2018

This paper examines the relationship between early Germany and Rome following the defeat of the Romans in Germany in 9 BCE. The theories of several historians as to why the Romans did not try to conquer Germany and how the loss affected the Romans following the defeat.
“The Evolution of Funerary Ideology Among the Elites of Roccagloriosa During the 5th-4th Centuries B.C.”
Authors: Tarnawsky Katrina
Published: October 2018

The practice of mortuary archaeology often relies upon the examination of funerary assemblages in order to reconstruct socio-cultural changes among a group of people. This paper takes a closer look at the grave goods from two pairs of Iron-Age elite Lucanian tombs at the settlement of Roccagloriosa in order to detect how funerary ideology changed over time. From the evidence I argue that there was an evolution of aristocratic gentilician identity alongside the establishment of the newly formed Lucanian ethnos in Southern Italy between the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.
“An Examination of the Role of Women in the Enlightenment”
Authors: Kim Dongwoo
Published: October 2018

In the traditional historiography of the Enlightenment in which historians regard it as a rather narrow, exclusively intellectual movement, the voice of women is almost, if not entirely, non-existent. However, a more inclusive interpretation of the Enlightenment, which adds cultural and social dimensions to it, allows for a place for her-story. In this essay, various roles that women played during the era of the Enlightenment are explored.
The Appearance and Subordination of Women: An examination of the increased emergence of symbolic female imagery and the subordination of women during the French Revolution
Authors: Climenhaga Lily
Published: October 2018

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Blown to Hell: The Health Legacies of US Nuclear Testing in the Marshall Islands
Authors: Daborn Merissa
Published: October 2018

From 1946 to 1958 the Marshall Islands was home to extensive US nuclear testing, testing that left behind an extensive health legacy. This paper examines the initial responses to the testing to see how they influenced a legacy that has spanned decades and identifies the indirect and long lasting health consequences and why they appeared. Just as crucial as to why and how these health consequences have affected the Marshallese people, is who has taken responsibility since. Focusing on the 1980s to the 2000s, this paper examines the significance of the responses, or lack thereof, from the United States and how it has contributed to the health legacies of the Marshall Islands.
Michelangelo Pistoletto's Community of Limits
Authors: Visconti Gianmarco
Published: October 2018

This essay takes a look at the career of Italian artist Michelangelo Pistoletto during the 1960s, seeking to make connections between his work, Italy's shifting social atmosphere and the impetus of youth counterculture at the time. Through the formal analysis of Pistoletto's paintings, sculptures, and performances, the paper culminates in a discussion of the meaning of community and its value in an industrialized world.
The Politicization of Scottish Dress: A Study of Highland Garb
Authors: Hinderks Victoria
Published: October 2018

What began as an inexpensive dress for peasants and workers became a form of rebellion, and then the tool with which the Highlands became a modern industrialized society. This evolution was enhanced by the English, through the creation of the kilt, the institution of first the Act of Union and then a Hanoverian Government, and then the formulation of the manner with which the Highlands would use the economy to modernize. Within this paper I hope to argue that Scottish national identity was formed around Highland dress in the eighteenth century, and for their assimilation into the Greater British Isles.
Alasdair Mòr mac an Rìgh: A Reassessment of Alexander Stewart’s Political Disposition During the Reign of Robert II of Scotland
Authors: Ruiter Micahel
Published: October 2018

In the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, the north of Scotland was, according to popular history, terrorized by the king’s son, Alexander Stewart. Known more commonly by the name Wolf of Badenoch, Alexander is remembered as a defier of royal rule, and a scourge upon the lords of the north. This paper seeks to unravel some of the complicated political relationships operating at this time, and to define specifically, that between Robert Stewart II and his son, Alexander Stewart.
Alexander, my forefather: Nationalism and Archaeology in the Greek Macedonia and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Authors: MacDonald Rosalind
Published: October 2018

Classical archaeology in the service of the state and national identity is not a new concept, although it is one that is seen less, or at least less blatantly, in modern Europe. This particular use of the classical past is still very much in use in the region of Macedonia, both the Greek province and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Nationalism uses archaeology and the imagery of the ancient world to claim legitimacy in the modern world. By claiming the ancient past and projecting it into the present, nations can create a strong national identity. By tying the present day inhabitants of an area to a strong cultural past, the nation itself becomes more legitimate. Problems arise when two nations seek to claim the same past as in the case in the Greek province of Macedonia and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. This competition and issues surrounding the claim of ownership of a particular national past can be seen through the examples of the tumulus at Vergina and the differing traditions of the symposion in Macedonia and Athens. The projection of the past into the present can be seen in the (former) Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia flag, in three pamphlets on the “Macedonian Question” from Greece, and in the recent rebuilding of Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia’s capital, Skopje.
Republic or Constitutional Monarchy: the Political and Social Effects of Royal Visits to Australia
Authors: Comba Meredith
Published: October 2018

Nineteenth century Australia achieved Federation on January 1st after a half-century of discussion and debate between Federalists and Republicans. However, despite these ongoing political debates, Australia still greatly retained a strong sense of British identity due to immigration policies that only slowed in the 1880s. Focusing on the Australian public’s reactions to two Royal Tours, in 1867 and 1901, this paper attempts to address why a Commonwealth model of Federation was created in 1901 as well as to more fully understand how significantly Australian cultural identity and support of the monarchy as a symbol of the British Empire contributed to the nineteenth century political scene.
Masks and Maidens: Women and the Sanctuary of Artemis Orthia
Authors: Suddaby Toryn
Published: October 2018

This paper explores the archaeological finds at the site of Artemis Orthia in Sparta through a gender-based framework. It chronicles the history of the site from the 6th century BCE to modern excavations and critically evaluates the subtle biases of recent scholarship on the artefacts found there, including bronze dedications, the Orthia masks, and an architectural votive. This research aims to question established perceptions of Sparta as unique within Greece and scholarly biases against Laconian art as “backwards” by focusing on the context of the site and looking beyond the infamous literary flogging ritual to ask how women in particular fit into the mythology and archaeology. Utilizing a gender-based lens opens new possibilities and exposes modern preconceptions about gender in the ancient world, uniting seemingly contradictory elements.
Welcome to the Fall 2017 Edition
Authors: Sean Oliver Lee Klippenstein and
Published: October 2018

We are happy to present the Fall 2017 issue of Constellations journal. Included within are four diverse undergraduate papers ranging vastly in topic. We made a conscious effort to encourage submissions from a wide range of disciplines, provided the work could be broadly considered “historical” in scope. Interdisciplinary cooperation is something that we feel should be celebrated and promoted, and we are currently working with other student journals and organizations to bring an Arts-wide undergraduate research conference to life this spring.We hope that you enjoy the variety of topics covered in this edition, and appreciate your interest and support in Constellations.  We would especially like to thank our review team, without which Constellations would remain starcrossed... Assistant Editors:Lucas Nowosaid and Juliana McPhail Senior Reviewers:Bronte WellsSamantha KallenShelby CollingLiuba Gonzalez De ArmasYunus SahinAlex HoggAnastasia Pavlic General Reviewers:Emily HainesFarah KhalidMiranda RondeauStacy FairfulCassidy MunhollandDana KanervaLexi BrunnerDevonne BrandysKatie DuHeather Mark
Reinhold Niebuhr and Christian Realism, A Theology of Avarice
Authors: Pardell Noah
Published: October 2018

This paper takes a historical approach to describing theologian Reinhold Niebuhr’s concept of Christian Realism, and its consequences for political thought in America. In the aftermath of World War I many people in America, especially Protestant clergy, became disillusioned with the idea of political intervention, focussing on domestic rather than international disputes. However, as National Socialism gained a foothold in Germany, culminating in the Second World War, the Protestant theology of Social Gospel Liberalism that gained popularity in the 1920’s would not suffice for explaining the conduct of the Nazi party, nor the political action that America should take towards it. Niebuhr’s Christian Realism, emphasizing the inevitability of sin in individuals and social institutions alike, provided a philosophy that emphasized action towards this political power, influencing American conduct and discourse as the war broke out across the Atlantic at the turn of the decade.
THE HINTON ST. MARY AND FRAMPTON MOSAICS: PROBLEMATIC IDENTIFICATIONS OF CHRISTIAN-PAGAN HYBRID IMAGERY
Authors: Colling Shelby
Published: October 2018

Despite the frequent interpretation of any Early-Christian-era art that contains both Christian and pagan imagery as being solely Christian in meaning, this paper argues that the identification of these images as being Christian in nature, with the pagan imagery only present as borrowed ideas to support a Christian message, is problematic. By assessing some of the existing scholarship surrounding this topic, I attempt to problematize the assumptions made that lead to these widely-accepted interpretations.
MORE TO THAT TREE THAN MEETS THE EYE: THE GROUP OF SEVEN, CANADIAN NATIONALISM, AND ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Schultz Margaret
Published: October 2018

The Group of Seven are regarded as the forerunners of a national Canadian artistic identity. Focus of the Canadian landscape and their style of painting drew both national and international attention and is often regarded as an integral part of the emerging nationality Canada developed in the twentieth century. The question remains, however: is this veneration justified? What relationship exists between the construction of Canada and the landscapes depicted, and does the work of the Group of Seven really remonstrate the people who call that landscape home?
Fuelling the Machine: Slave Trade and the Industrial Revolution
Authors: Clarke Christine
Published: October 2018

Some have contested the Industrial Revolution’s status as a climactic event bringing social and political upheaval. However, the abolishment of slavery, the destruction of traditional ways of life, and the rise of class-consciousness confirm the climactic nature of this period. In analyzing the dramatic changes in the social organization of British society, this paper aims to reclaim the title of the Industrial Revolution as just that--revolutionary.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Operasi Hitung melalui Pendekatan Matematika Realistik
Authors: Jusmanidar Jusmanidar
Published: October 2018

Mathematics learning at 2nd grade students of SDN 21 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman used to run traditionally; did not make connection between learning and real world.  This is a classroom action research aimed to improve students’ learning achievement for number operations by implementing realistic mathematics education (RME). This study consists of two cycles that includes four steps, i.e. planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data of this study were obtained through observation, interview, and test. Mean of students’ learning achievement in cycle I is 77.2 and 88.2 in cycle II. Hence, it was concluded that implementation of RME can improve students’ learning achievement, especially for topic of number operations.
Kontribusi Motivasi Menyelesaikan Masalah dan Komunikasi Interpersonal terhadap Strategi Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Minarsi Minarsi , Nirwana Herman , Syukur Yarmis
Published: October 2018

This research was conducted from the student low level toward student problem solving strategies. The student problem solving strategies were affected by motivation problem to resolve and interpersonal communication. This research was intended to describe: (1) the motivation of students in problem solving, (2) student interpersonal communication, (3) the student problem solving strategies, (4) the contribution of the motivation problem to resolve  toward student problem solving strategies (5) the contribution of the interpersonal communication toward student problem solving strategies, and (6) the contribution of the motivation problem to resolve and interpersonal communication toward student problem solving strategies.This correlational descriptive research applied quantitative methods. The population of this research were 601 students of SMA Negeri 2 Pariaman on grade XI and XII, also 240 students there were chosen by proportional stratified random sampling technique.
Profil Kepercayaan Diri Remaja serta Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi
Authors: Fitri Emria , Zola Nilma , Ifdil Ifdil
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study is to describe the confidence of junior high school Dewi Sartika and know the factors that contribute to adolescent self-confidence. This research uses a quantitative approach in the form of correlation. The populations in this study are students of SMP Dewi Sartika Class VII and VIII, amounting to 256 students. The sample of the study amounted to 156 people determined using the technique of Proportional Random Sampling. The instrument is adapted from a self-confidence instrument with a value of a reliability coefficient of 0.884. Data analysis used descriptive analysis of norm criteria and hypothesis test using double regression with SPSS program. The result of research is most of the confidence of adolescents are in medium category, and optimistic aspect is an aspect which most contribute to teen confidence that is equal to 23, 04%.
Tingkat Kecanduan Internet pada Remaja Awal
Authors: Sari Ayu Permata , Ilyas Asmidir , Ifdil Ifdil
Published: October 2018

This study shows that there are students who have an Internet addiction. Addictions possessed by students will certainly have a negative impact on self, social relationships and learning outcomes. This study aims to describe: 1) The level of Internet addiction in general 2) The core symptoms of Internet addiction in early adolescents 3) Problems related to Internet addiction in early adolescence. Quantitative research method with the quantitative descriptive approach. The population of this study is 596 students of SMA N 7 Padang and a sample of 240 students selected by proportional random sampling technique. The results revealed: 1) The rate of internet addiction in early adolescence is generally mostly in the moderate category with a percentage of 50%, 2) The core symptoms of Internet addiction in early adolescence are mostly in the high category with a percentage of 43%, consisting of indicators of compulsive symptoms, withdrawal symptoms and tolerance symptoms. 3) Internet-related addiction problems in early adolescence were mostly in the moderate category with a 49% percentage consisting of two interpersonal indicators & health problems and time management problems.
Peningkatan kemampuan berbicara melalui media gambar seri di kelas III SDN. 14 Siguntur Muda Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Desmiyetri Desmiyetri
Published: October 2018

This research is motivated by the lack of ability of students in speaking because at the time of the learning process teachers still use the lecture method. The results showed increased student activity and teacher activity. So, it can be concluded that learning ability to speak through the media drawing series in class III SDN. 14 Young Siguntur, can improve students' speaking ability.
Using What-If-Not Strategy for Teaching Definitions: Focusing on the Exterior Angle of Polygon
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Chung Yoon Ji , Lee Kyeong-Hwa
Published: October 2018

Although research about defining has been consistently conducted, it is difficult for students and it is not easy to design didactical situations involving defining processes. Thus, in this study, we use What-If-Not strategy of Brown&Walter (2005) which was discussed in the context of posing and solving problems as a new strategy of teaching definitions. In this paper, we examined previous studies on teaching definition and What-If-Not strategy, and devised ‘definition exploration activity’ that pursue functional understanding of definitions and we explained this activity using exterior angle of polygon as an example. The implications of this study are the following. First, students can explore definitions more easily through activities that modify definitions. Second, students can get away from the misconceptions that definitions are just promised and better understand the meaning and context of definitions by linking them with their properties. Third, students can correct misconceptions of the definition.
Identifying and Documenting Pedagogical Terms in Korean Mathematics Classroom
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Cho Hyungmi , Kim Hee-jeong
Published: October 2018

Discourses about classrooms provide clear insights into pedagogical principles and practices in a cultural context. Human thinking is not independent of the use of language, and thinking may form language, and at the same time language may shape human thinking. In particular, it is important to investigate the pedagogical terms named and used by teachers because the classroom activities and principles can be objectified and further developed after that. This paper reports what Korean teachers see and name classroom activities in Korean middle school mathematics classrooms as a part of the International Classroom Lexicon Project that 10 countries collaborate on identifying and documenting own country’s pedagogical terms in their middle school mathematics classrooms. Using 9 video stimulus materials, which support ways of which teachers see and name pedagogical phenomena using particular pedagogical terms and languages, we identify and list the pedagogical terms. The initial pedagogical terms were 112, but after conducting a national-wide survey, we finalized and identified the total 105 numbers of Korean pedagogical terms in mathematics classrooms. Issues with regard to the Korean pedagogical terms are also discussed. Our study will be further analyzed to compare each country’s lexicon in collaboration with the other 9 countries. We expect that this Korean pedagogical lexicon can be used to identify Korean mathematics classroom culture as well as be the groundwork for analyzing classroom practices both in Korea and in comparison with other participant countries.
Efforts to produce Siamese citrus fruit out of season and fruit quality improvement through application of potassium nitrate and agrodyke fertilizer
Authors: Astiari Ni Komang Alit , Kartini Luh , Sulistiawati Ni Putu Anom , Rai I Nyoman
Published: October 2018

The research aimed to find out the efforts to produce off-season orange fruit and increase the quality of fruit through the application of potassium nitrate and agrodyke organic fertilizer. The study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 treatment factors. The first factor is the flower induction application using potassium nitrate (K) consisting of 3 levels, namely (K0 = 0 g/tree), (K1 = 20 g/tree), and (K2 = 40 g/tree). While the second factor is the application of agrodyke organic fertilizer (P) consisting of 4 levels, namely (P0 = 0 g / tree), (P1 = 15 g/tree), (P2 = 30 g / tree) and (P3 = 45 g/tree). There are 12 combination treatments and each of them is repeated 3 times so that 36 tree plants are needed. The results showed the interaction between potassium nitrate treatment with agrodyke organic fertilizer treatment had no significant effect on all observed variables. Potassium nitrate treatment and agrodyke organic fertilizer can significantly improve the quality of orange citrus fruit out of season physically. In the treatment of potassium nitrate 40 g/tree, the weight of the harvested fruit per tree was obtained, the weight per fruit and the highest fruit diameter were 13703.90 g; 99.92 g and 6.81 cm or an increase of 62.24%; 16.32% and 9.49% compared with no treatment of potassium nitrate which is 8446.60 g; 87, 42 g and 6.22 cm.
DRUMMOND – UMA REFERÊNCIA CONSTANTE NA MODERNA POESIA AFRICANA DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Tindo Carmen Lucia
Published: October 2018

Carlos Drummond de Andrade foi e continua a ser uma marcante referência para a poesia africana de língua portuguesa. Durante as lutas pela libertação em Angola e Moçambique e nos anos seguintes, os poemas de Sentimento do mundo, José e A Rosa do povo se tornaram paradigmas de gerações de poetas comprometidos com o social, com a denúncia da "noite fascista", entre os quais: Luis Carlos Patraquim, Eduardo White, Paula Tavares e outros.
RETRATO DE UMA LUANDA INVISÍVEL EM OS TRANSPARENTES, DE ONDJAKI
Authors: Da Silva Renata Flávia
Published: October 2018

Em Os transparentes (2012), o escritor angolano Ondjaki apresenta a cidade de Luanda como, mais que uma indicação geográfica, uma construção simbólica capaz de refletir e problematizar a história recente de seu país. Paisagem contemporânea, marcada por profundas cicatrizes, a capital angolana é descrita em suas relações desiguais de ocupação do espaço urbano e de visibilidade social. Nessa paisagem irregular, onde a exceção se estabelece como regra, o apagamento do sujeito, sua progressiva invisibilidade, é a representação textual de um lugar onde o humano perde espaço para os valores materiais em uma sociedade cada vez mais objetivada. Pretende-se, portanto, no presente trabalho, analisar como o espaço narrativo recupera o processo histórico-cultural vivenciado pelos angolanos, constituindo, assim, uma linha de fuga em um horizonte de violência e caos.
MEMÓRIA, TESTEMUNHO E TRAUMA EM TONY TCHEKA
Authors: Bispo Érica
Published: October 2018

Na Guiné-Bissau, país cuja produção poética é uma das menores dentre os PALOP, os rastros de sangue deixados pelo massacre de Pidjiguiti, pela guerra pela independência, pelo “Movimento Reajustador” e pelo conflito armado de 1998-1999 mancham metaforicamente a poesia. No esteio das reflexões que têm sido feitas por diversos pesquisadores das Literaturas Africanas de Língua Portuguesa em torno da Guerra, neste ensaio, pretendemos analisar a poesia de Tony Tcheka, considerando-a parte da literatura de trauma. Crendo que “não contar perpetua a tirania do que passou” (SELLIGMANN-SILVA, 2000, p. 9), consideramos que a obra poética de Tcheka reflete sobre e reflete a história de seu país, além de funcionar como crítica possível aos sucessivos governos, que se valeram da violência para sua manutenção.
CARTA DA TERRA COMO MATERIAL DIDÁTICO ESTRATÉGICO
Authors: Mendes Marilaine Bittencourt , Avelar Katia Eliane Santos
Published: October 2018

A escola é um espaço coletivo e democrático que necessita trabalhar valores, além de conteúdos disciplinares, junto às crianças e jovens em relação à cidadania e à consciência ambiental.  Assim, vários documentos e livros são indicados e adotados na escola como materiais que visam orientar valores. No presente artigo, argumentar-se-á sobre a importância de se trabalhar com a Carta da Terra, documento aprovado pela UNESCO, em Paris, em março de 2000, como instrumento estratégico com vistas a contribuir para que as crianças, desde as séries iniciais, compreendam a complexidade do planeta Terra e que possam valorizar o coletivo, a cidadania e a solidariedade humana.
NIKLAS LUHMANN E KARL MARX: POSSÍVEL (E NECESSÁRIO) CONTRIBUTO PARA O ESTUDO DO DIREITO
Authors: De Brito Coelho Gomes Luiz Heitor
Published: October 2018

No presente estudo se vislumbra relacionar os pressupostos gerais das obras de Niklas Luhmann e Karl Marx, descrever suas lógicas de explicar a forma pela qual a ação social se ordena para, a partir disso, analisar a visão desses autores sobre o papel ocupado pelo direito na realidade social. Os pontos fundamentais das visões luhmanniana e marxiana acerca do fenômeno jurídico são analisados de modo a explicitar suas possíveis contribuições para a teoria do direito. Embora os fundamentos epistemológicos das teorias sejam diversos, tanto Luhmann como Marx apresentam visões objetivistas acerca do fenômeno jurídico, que decorrem das próprias formas de análise da organização social propostas pelos autores. Ambas as construções teóricas salientam a natureza contextual do sentido, em oposição a concepções prevalentes no âmbito da teoria do direito, que costumam atribuir um certo caráter universalista ao fenômeno jurídico.
PROGRESSÃO FUNCIONAL DAS MULHERES DIPLOMATAS NO MINISTÉRIO DAS RELAÇÕES EXTERIORES
Authors: Corá Camilla , Da Silveira Isadora Loreto , Paiva Maria Eduarda , Parra Mariana Marshall , Tarnovski Riane Laís
Published: October 2018

O trabalho, por meio da revisão da literatura sobre o tema, bem como da análise de dados quantitativos e qualitativos da aplicação de questionários a diplomatas do sexo feminino do serviço exterior brasileiro, tem por objetivo verificar e identificar eventuais obstáculos existentes à promoção de mulheres diplomatas. A partir de análise bibliográficas, dados públicos sobre trajetórias profissionais dos diplomatas brasileiros e de sugestões de diplomatas entrevistadas, foram propostas medidas para a superação de gargalos no processo de promoção de mulheres diplomatas.
Normativna baza imena u kontekstu Opće Uredbe o zaštiti podataka
Authors: Katulić Anita
Published: October 2018

Cilj. Cilj je rada prikazati novosti iz područja zaštite osobnih podataka koje donosi Opća uredba o zaštiti podataka iz perspektive knjižničnog poslovanja. U radu se osobito provjerava usklađenost načela i prakse obrade osobnih podataka u Normativnoj bazi imena NSK s novom Uredbom.

Pristup/metodologija/dizajn. Daje se pregled i pojašnjenje temeljnih pojmova i koncepata iz područja zaštite osobnih podataka prema novoj Uredbi te analiza relevantnih članaka Uredbe koji se mogu primijeniti na prikupljanje, obradu i korištenje osobnih podataka u Normativnoj bazi imena. Navode se primjeri postupanja s pseudonimima u knjižničnim bazama te moguće mjere i preporuke.

Rezultati. Analizirajući postupanje s osobnim podacima za potrebe Normativne baze imena, donosi se zaključak da posebnu pažnju treba posvetiti poštivanju načela obrade, a radi uspostave pravne osnove preporučuje se donošenje dodatnog nacionalnog zakona iz knjižničarstva. Potrebno je osvijestiti postojanje prava pojedinaca čiji se osobni podaci obrađuju te ograničenja njihovih prava s obzirom na svrhu prikupljanja podataka i ulogu Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u obavljanju zadaće od javnog interesa.

Ograničenja. Rad se prvenstveno odnosi na napore u usklađivanju rada Normativne baze imena u okviru širih napora u usklađivanju knjižničnog poslovanja sa zahtjevima novog europskog zakonodavstva iz područja zaštite podataka.

Praktična primjena. Razmatraju se praktični problemi usuglašavanja rada Normativne baze imena sa zahtjevima iz Opće uredbe o zaštiti podataka.

Originalnost/vrijednost. Analizom relevantnih članaka Uredbe rad donosi pregled postupanja s osobnim podacima u segmentu knjižničnog poslovanja koji se tiče rada na Normativnoj bazi imena. Značaj rada očituje se u doprinosu aktivnostima prilagodbe knjižničnog poslovanja standardima Uredbe te utjecaja na razvoj za knjižnice relevantnog okvira zakonodavstva u Republici Hrvatskoj.
Odabir usvojenih oblika imena osoba
Authors: Ekinović Micak Elia
Published: October 2018

Cilj. Cilj je rada prikazati prijedloge novih odredbi u Pravilniku za opis i pristup građi u arhivima, knjižnicama i muzejima koje se odnose na odabir usvojenog oblika imena osoba u okruženju semantičkog weba, temeljene na međunarodnim kataložnim načelima i knjižničnom referentnom modelu, koji uključuju interoperabilnost sa sustavima izvan knjižnične zajednice.

Pristup/metodologija. Na osnovi usporedbe Pravilnika i priručnika za izradbu abecednih kataloga te Izjave o međunarodnim kataložnim načelima, Knjižničnog referentnog modela i prakse svjetskih knjižnica prikazane u VIAF-u analizira se koje je odredbe potrebno mijenjati i osuvremenjivati u skladu s, prije svega, načelima primjerenosti korisniku, interoperabilnosti i predstavljanja.

Rezultati. U radu se iznose prijedlozi novih odredbi za odabir usvojenog oblika imena osobe s obzirom na izvore podataka, odabir oblika imena (imena u različitim oblicima, višestruki bibliografski identiteti), načine bilježenja i dodatna obilježja. Predlaže se uporaba hrvatskih imena stranih osoba i način bilježenja transkribiranih i transliteriranih imena.

Ograničenja. Rad se temelji na radnim dokumentima koji u trenutku nastanka ovog teksta nisu sasvim usvojeni, što se odnosi i na terminologiju i definicije pojedinih elemenata.

Originalnost/vrijednost. U radu se prvi put predstavljaju nove odredbe za izradu pristupnica za osobe, koje će se moći koristiti u praktičnom radu.
Nestandardizirani podaci u standardiziranom kontekstu
Authors: Peter Krunoslav , Kapec Ivan
Published: October 2018

Cilj. Ovaj rad izlaže postojeći proces obrade u Zbirci rukopisa i starih knjiga u Nacionalnoj i sveučilišnoj knjižnici (NSK) u Zagrebu koji se odvija od rujna 2016. s ciljem da se takvi nestandardizirani podaci prevedu u neki od standardnih formata mrežnog okruženja te da se na temelju njih generiraju specifični izvještaji.

Pristup. Upotrebom programskog jezika Awk prikazat će se mogućnosti prevođenja nestandardiziranih strukturiranih podataka u standardizirani format.

Rezultati. Zbirke građe posebne vrste uključuju građu koja u pojedinim slučajevima zbog svoje specifičnosti zahtijeva izradu posebnih opisa izvan knjižničnog standarda. Rukopisne ostavštine i sitni tisak u knjižničnom okruženju prema standardu obrađuju se na razini zbirke; pritom je detaljni opis dokumenata na razini komada, tj. najmanje moguće jedinice građe, često nedostupan korisniku koji pregledava središnji knjižnični online katalog. Detaljni opisi takvih dokumenata izrađeni su i sačuvani u tiskanim katalozima, posebnim repozitorijima u formi popisa na radnim listovima proračunskih tablica, tekstnim datotekama ili drugim formatima. Izvještaji kreirani Awkovim skriptama ubrzali su i unaprijedili proces obrade političkih letaka i ostavštine uredništva časopisa „Nova Hrvatska“.

Vrijednost. Rezultati i opisani postupak moći će poslužiti kao korisno rješenje svim sličnim manjim organizacijskim jedinicama s manjim i specifičnim knjižničarskim bazama podataka.
Modeli ostvarivanja veza u bibliografskim zapisima s naglaskom na primjeni posebnog polja za povezivanje integriranog knjižničnog programa Aleph (LKR)
Authors: Miočić Ivan
Published: October 2018

Cilj. Cilj je rada analizirati načine ostvarivanja veza u bibliografskim zapisima upotrebom polja za povezivanje bibliografskih zapisa iz formata MARC 21 (linking entry fields 760–787) i posebnog polja za povezivanje integriranog knjižničnog programa Aleph, s osvrtom na Integrirani knjižnični sustav Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice i knjižnica iz sustava znanosti i visokog obrazovanja Republike Hrvatske.

Pristup. Uz utemeljenje u stručnim izvorima raspravlja se o teorijskom i praktičnom pogledu korištenja polja za povezivanje iz formata MARC 21 te polja za povezivanje integriranog knjižničnog programa Aleph, u kontekstu i izvan konteksta sustavnog načina rada u Integriranom knjižničnom sustavu Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice i knjižnica iz sustava znanosti i visokog obrazovanja Republike Hrvatske. Govori se o upotrebi navedenih polja pri izvornoj katalogizaciji u bibliografskim bazama NSK01 i ZAG01 te se daje kratak osvrt na njihove značajke pri preuzimanju zapisa iz bibliografske baze NSK01 u bazu ZAG01.

Rezultati. Prikazana je funkcionalnost polja za povezivanje među bibliografskim zapisima u bazama NSK01 i ZAG01 primjenom posebnog polja za povezivanje integriranog knjižničnog programa Aleph (LKR).

Originalnost/vrijednost. Rad se tematikom dotiče funkcionalnosti polja za povezivanje bibliografskih zapisa kroz prizmu bibliografskih konceptualnih modela, zbog čega se otvara prostor za razmatranje polja za povezivanje u kontekstu bibliografske organizacije u okruženju (otvorenih) povezanih podataka.
Dva desetljeća Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice na mreži
Authors: Šalamon-Cindori Breza , Živković Daniela
Published: October 2018

Cilj. Radom će se utvrditi dostupnost i stupanj očuvanja prostora Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu na mreži, odnosno njezinih stranica i portala, istraživanjem njihove izgradnje i razvoja te određivanjem razlike među njima.

Pristup. Nacionalna i sveučilišna knjižnica u Zagrebu tijekom dva desetljeća svoju ulogu ostvarivala je i na mreži, odnosno na njezinu mrežnom mjestu www.nsk.hr. Tamo su 1998. i 2000. godine izrađene njezine mrežne stranice, a 2006. i 2012. godine njezini portali. Od 2010. godine Knjižnica je prisutna i u okruženju šest društvenih mreža te se služi i drugim uslugama weba 2.0, čime se uvrstila u zajednicu web 2.0 nacionalnih knjižnica u svijetu i povećala svoju vidljivost te vidljivost svojih usluga i građe.

Rezultati. Korištenjem mrežnih arhiva Wayback Machine i Hrvatski arhiv weba (HAW) utvrđeno je kako su se sadržaji, broj usluga i aplikacija na stranicama i portalima Knjižnice razvijali u skladu s njezinim poslovanjem, potrebama korisnika te dostupnim tehnologijama. Budući da mrežni sadržaji nisu cjelovito dostupni, sugerira se da cjelovito očuvanje i trajna dostupnost portala Knjižnice, kao i svih pripadajućih usluga, trebaju biti istaknuti među strateškim ciljevima ustanove.

Praktična primjena. Provedeno istraživanje može biti poticaj i model drugim knjižnicama, ali i srodnim baštinskim ustanovama, za istraživanje njihove prisutnosti na mreži, kao i planiranje pohrane te dugotrajnog očuvanja i dostupnosti njihovih sadržaja u mrežnom okruženju.

Društveni značaj. Očuvanje i dostupnost cjelovitih sadržaja Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu na mreži njezina je zadaća kao društvene, kulturne i znanstvene ustanove za potrebe istraživanja i pružanja znanja u društvu.

Originalnost. Izvornost rada omogućuju prvi put provedena analiza i opisi različitih faza razvoja stranica i portala na mrežnom mjestu Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu tijekom dva desetljeća, uključujući i prisutnost na društvenim mrežama, pri čemu se prikazuju promjene pod utjecajem tehnologije te se pruža uvid u stupanj njihova očuvanja i dostupnosti.