bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kuasa Konglomerat Terhadap Kebebasan Konten Penyiaran Radio Prambors dan Global Radio
Authors: Nabila Mutiara
Published: May 2023

Radio sebagai media massa nyatanya tidak luput dari praktik konglomerasi media. Beberapa media radio masih menyebarkan informasi yang meliputi kepentingan pemilik terutama dari sisi pilihan politik. Padahal, media massa sejak masa reformasi sudah harus memberikan informasi secara independen dan tidak menunjukkan keberpihakkan kepada siapapun. Menggunakan metode studi pustaka, penulis menjabarkan praktik-praktik konglomerasi media yang masih terjadi di radio Prambors dan Global Radio dengan memberikan informasi berupa kepentingan dan keberpihakan politik secara berlebihan dan terang-terangan.
UI/UX Design of Online Tickets for Situ Pasir Maung Tourism in Dago Village Using the Figma Application
Authors: Hidayanti Putri Eka , Handayani Rani Irma , Rifai Bakhtiar
Published: May 2023

has several interesting tours, one of which is Situ Pasir Maung, a place in the form of a natural tourism park located in Dago Village, Parung Panjang District, Bogor Regency. However, ticket purchases can only be made by buying directly on the spot when entering the tourist spot. This can make it difficult to order tickets due to the large number of visitors. So here a design for an e-ticket application will be made using the design thinking method to analyze and design a mobile application for online ticket ordering at Dago Tourism. In this design the editing software used is Figma, and in this study will only make UI/UX designs related to online ticket purchases. UI/UX design of the Design Thinking method for Situ Pasir. The Maung tourist ticket application was created and a prototype of the application was tested by sending a questionnaire to 20 respondents with an average score of 4.021 and most of the responses from potential users said that the tour ticket prototype was easy to understand and use. So here we will try to make an e-ticket application design. E-tickets can make it easier for buyers or visitors to get them because there is no need to come directly to tourist attractions. Ticket purchases can be made through easy-to-use online ordering
IMPLEMENTATITON OF RANDOM FOREST ALGORTIHM ON SALES DATA TO PREDICT CHURN POTENTIAL IN SUZUYA SUPERMARKET PRODUCTS
Authors: Candra Windy , Dharma Abdi , Christnatalis Christnatalis , Turnip Josua Presen
Published: May 2023

Concentration of sales that are focused on products that are in great demand and are popular is one of the supermarket sales techniques. Seasonal sales techniques like this sometimes have an impact that can be seen obviously by the imbalance in sales of existing products in supermarkets. Sales imbalance can be the initial cause for a product to lose interest and become a product that is eventually removed from store. With a classification model made to predict which products will be eliminated or churn, it can assist staff in distributing the sales of each product. The more products are churn due to lack of enthusiasts which can affect the overall sales of the supermarket. The purpose of this study is to assist staff in classifying potentially churn products. The classification model consists of 3 models with different algorithms and the results show that the application of the Random Forest algorithm is more effective for predicting data with 96% accuracy compared to 81% for the Logistic Regression algorithm and 46% for the Support Vector Machine algorithm.
Analysis of the Naïve Bayes Method for Determining Social Assistance Eligibility Public
Authors: Siregar Adinda Pratiwi , Irmayani Deci , Sari Mila Nirmala
Published: May 2023

Economic needs are community needs that are used to meet daily needs. Therefore, economic needs are very important for the life of every society. There is a gap in the economic needs of the community, the government created a social assistance program which is assistance provided to the community in the form of cash or non-cash. The help is made for welfare society from inequality, especially economic inequality. So researchers will carry out a data classification of people who are eligible for social assistance. The classification will be carried out using the Naïve Bayes method. The Naïve Bayes method is a simple classification method for calculating the probability of a combination of certain data. The data to be used by researchers is community data as much as 62 community data. research done by using the Naïve Bayes method aims to classify community data that is feasible to forget social assistance. The first stage of this classification is the process of collecting community data and determining community data that will be used as a filtered sample cleaned, furthermore preprocessing data and then designing the Naïve Bayes Algorithm model. The results of data classification using the Naïve Bayes method show that the number of people who are eligible for social assistance is 14 community data and people who are not eligible for social assistance are 48 community data. These results can be a reference for determining the eligibility of the community to receive social assistance.
Proposed Enterprise Architecture on System Fleet Management: PT. Integrasia Utama
Authors: Wedha Alessandro Benito Putra Bayu , Rahman Ben , Hindarto Djarot , Wedha Bayu Yasa
Published: May 2023

An information technology consulting firm that specializes in Global Positioning Systems provides fleet management services for many of its clients. The systems currently used by companies require more advanced modernization to ensure optimal service delivery. To overcome this challenge, a proposed enterprise architecture on system fleet management is presented in this paper. The proposed enterprise architecture is a comprehensive solution that includes the necessary hardware, software and operational processes to improve fleet management services. The proposed architecture is based on the Enterprise Architecture, which enables the integration of various systems and applications used by companies. The proposed architecture includes modules for vehicle tracking, fuel management, maintenance scheduling and driver performance monitoring. These modules work together to provide real-time data on fleet operations, enabling companies to make informed decisions regarding their fleet management services. The proposed architecture also incorporates an easy-to-use interface that simplifies the fleet management process and enhances customer satisfaction. The proposed system is scalable and easily adaptable to meet service requirements across multiple customers. In conclusion, the proposed enterprise architecture for system fleet management provides a comprehensive solution to the current challenges faced by companies as a corporate fleet service provider. The proposed architecture will improve service, reduce costs, and increase customer satisfaction.
Imunossensor baseado em nanopartículas de óxido de zinco e anti-Afla B1 para a detecção de farinha de aveia contaminada por micotoxinas
Authors: Cerqueira Brenda Marques de , Andrade César Augusto Souza de , Oliveira Maria Danielly Lima de
Published: May 2023

A aflatoxina B1 (AFLA B1) é um tipo de micotoxina, tida como a mais carcinogênica do grupo. Observada em diversos alimentos, sua ingestão pode levar a longo prazo diversas patologias ou até mesmo a morte. Através do consumo de alimentos contaminados por seres humanos e animais. As técnicas existentes para sua detecção são baseadas em cromatografia ou ELISA. Elas são ferramentas com uma boa sensibilidade, contudo não atendem a necessidade da indústria alimentícia. Por isso, são necessárias novas metodologias para análise de alimentos contaminados. A proposta deste trabalho foi desenvolver imunossensor eletroquímico para detecção de AFLA B1. A plataforma sensora foi sintetizada por meio de camadas automontadas baseado na adsorção do anticorpo ligado a nanopartículas de óxido de zinco acopladas a cisteína na superfície do eletrodo de ouro. Logo, para montagem e otimização do biossistema, foi feito estudo de caracterização das camadas, bioatividade (seletividade, sensibilidade e estabilidade) e topografia da plataforma. Para isso, foram utilizadas as técnicas eletroquímicas voltametria cíclica e espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica, com microscopia de força atômica. Posteriormente submetido a amostras de farinha de aveia contaminada com diferentes concentrações de AFLA B1. O imunossensor fabricado apresentou uma resposta linear entre 1 μg.mL-1a 100 μg.mL-1, e limite de detecção 0,95 pg.mL-1, sendo avaliado nos dois tipos de amostras. A plataforma exibiu boa reprodutibilidade e alta seletividade quando submetida a outra micotoxina, a Ocratoxina A.
A relação dos sintomas da disfunção temporomandibular com ansiedade e estresse em acadêmicos de Odontologia
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Santos de , Leite Érico Artur da Silva , Fornari Jennifer Camila de Souza , Santos Júlia Maria de Oliveira , Chagas Crisdan Caina Costa , Mattos Roberta Machado Pimentel Rebello de , Pimentel Déborah
Published: May 2023

A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) consiste num conjunto de sinais e sintomas que acometem a articulação temporomandibular (ATM). Sua etiologia é diversa e muitas vezes está relacionado a aspectos biopsicossociais, entre eles a qualidade do sono e fatores emocionais como estresse e ansiedade. A população jovem é classificada, em muitos estudos, como um grupo com maior propensão a ter DTM, entre eles estão os discentes do curso de Odontologia, que pela exposição a fatores geradores de estresse e ansiedade, configuram um grupo com potencial risco para o diagnóstico da disfunção temporomandibular. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência de sintomas da disfunção entre os estudantes de Odontologia de diferentes períodos, além de identificar possíveis correlações com os níveis de ansiedade e estresse. A amostra foi composta por 205 participantes que responderam a questões sociodemográficas e a três instrumentos: Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca (para sintomas de DTM), inventário de Lipp (para sinais de estresse) e o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck. Após a coleta de dados, foi realizada a sua análise estatística. Concluiu-se que, no público estudado, houve alta prevalência de sintomas de DTM, a maioria de grau leve. O gênero feminino mostrou-se mais acometido por DTM, ansiedade e estresse. Houve associação entre presença de sintomas de DTM, níveis de ansiedade e sintomatologia de estresse, além de associação entre o grau de severidade de DTM e período final do curso. Quanto maiores os níveis de ansiedade e estresse, maior o grau de DTM.
Contração de polimerização de resinas bulk fill: revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Lídia Hana Costa , Machado Raylane Gomes , Lopes Matheus Araujo Brito Santos , Silva Daylana Pacheco da , Verde Giselle Maria Ferreira Lima , Pires Lilian Gomes Soares
Published: May 2023

Introdução: A busca por agilidade em procedimentos rotineiros no meio clínico odontológico desencadeou o desenvolvimento de novos materiais odontológicos, entre eles as resinas compostas bulk fill que, entre outras propriedades, apresenta contração de polimerização reduzida quando comparadas às resinas compostas convencionais. Objetivo: Observar a contração de polimerização da resina bulk fill ao ser aplicada em incrementos entre 4 – 5 mm de espessura, em comparação a resina convencional (incrementos de 2mm). Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, onde foram coletados artigos na base de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo), Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (Medline), nos idiomas português e inglês. Foi utilizado o marcador booleano “AND” entre os descritores contidos no site dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) a saber: Resinas compostas, Contração de polimerização, Resinas compostas bulk fill. Foram excluídos artigos que não contemplaram os objetivos do estudo. Resultados: Diante da revisão, foram selecionados 13 artigos, que apontaram menor contração de polimerização das resinas bulk fill, necessitando de uma técnica de inserção mais criteriosa, para obtenção do sucesso restaurador. Conclusão: Diante disto, conclui-se que as resinas compostas bulk fill, por apresentarem quantidade maior de viscosidade e escoamento em sua composição, possuem semelhante ou menor contração de polimerização que as resinas compostas convencionais.
Cefaleia por uso excessivo de analgésicos em estudantes de medicina de uma universidade privada
Authors: Reis Anna Lídia do Nascimento , Sá Esther Soares de , Araujo Luiza Meiriele Campelo Rodrigues , Miranda Carlos Daniel Costa
Published: May 2023

A cefaleia por uso excessivo de medicamentos (CEM) é uma condição de saúde secundária crônica, com ocorrência de 15 ou mais dias por mês, atribuída ao uso frequente ou regular de analgésicos ou medicamentos antienxaquecosos agudos em pacientes com cefaleia primária. O uso prolongado de medicamentos pode ser visto como falta de habilidades de enfrentamento adequadas, incluindo capacidade insuficiente de lidar com a dor. O consumo excessivo desses fármacos entre os universitários tem representado importante preocupação para a saúde pública. Baseado nisso, os objetivos propostos consistiram na análise da incidência de cefaleia por uso excessivo de analgésicos nos discentes de medicina de uma universidade privada de Teresina, Piauí, identificando possíveis fatores predisponentes neste grupo de estudantes. Para tal, realizou-se um estudo transversal, quantitativo, do tipo exploratório e descritivo. A coleta de dados contou com 324 estudantes, do 1º ao 12º período do curso. As respostas recebidas ao questionário foram registradas e analisadas através da planilha Microsoft Excel. Com base nos resultados obtidos, observou-se um alto percentual de alunos que fazem uso excessivo e indiscriminado de medicações para cefaleia (analgésicos simples 71,29%, AINES– 23,46%, outras medicações - 3,09% e opioides – 2,16%). O alívio imediato da sintomatologia, tem sido a causa principal da CEM, devido ao comprometimento cognitivo e social que a dor pode causar, entretanto, tal prática reflete em efeitos a longo prazo, agravantes do quadro. Diante disso, é importante a realização de mais pesquisas com o intuito de explorar a incidência de cefaleia por uso excessivo de analgésicos entre os estudantes.
Mitochondria in human reproduction: novel paradigm in the onset of neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Shavit M , Iniesta-Cuerda M , Nevoral J
Published: May 2023

The disease progression of neurodegenerative disorders (NDD), including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, is inextricably tied to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, although the contribution by nuclear gene mutations is recognised for familial onset of NDD, the degree to which cytoplasmic inheritance serves as a predetermining factor for the predisposition and onset of NDD is not yet fully understood. We review the reproductive mechanisms responsible for ensuring a healthy mitochondrial population within each new generation and elucidate how advanced maternal age can constitute an increased risk for the onset of NDD in the offspring, through the increased heteroplasmic burden. On the one hand, this review draws attention to how assisted reproductive technologies (ART) can impair mitochondrial fitness in offspring. On the other hand, we consider qualified ART approaches as a significant tool for the prevention of NDD pathogenesis.
High Temperature Deformation and Microstructural Evolution of Homogenized AA 2026 Alloy
Authors: Kang HyeonWoo , Kim SooBin , Jang ByoungLok , Kim HeeKook
Published: May 2023

AA 2026 is an improved version of AA 2024, an alloy with added Zr to reduce Fe and Si content and inhibit recrystallization during hot working. Al 2026 alloy has high strength and high damage resistance, so it is widely used in aircraft parts. In this study, in order to investigate the hot workability of AA 2026 and to optimize the hot forming parameters, hot compression tests were conducted in the temperature range of 300 to 450 o C, at a strain rate of 0.01 to 10 and in the 50% strain section. The true stress–true strain curve showed a dynamic softening phenomenon while the stress increased rapidly at a small strain and then remained steady. In order to evaluate its high temperature processability, the constitutive equations for flow stress, temperature, and strain were quantified based on the Arrhenius equation, and a process strain map was prepared. The peak stress accuracy of the constitutive equation was about 98.2%, which was consistent with the experimental data of AA 2026 under strain rate and temperature conditions. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and backscattered electron diffraction pattern analyzer (EBSD) analyses were conducted to confirm the mechanism of the dynamic softening phenomenon. The CDRX phenomenon was confirmed under the high strain condition in the low temperature region and the DDRX phenomenon in the low strain condition in the high temperature region.
The Unconditional Condition of Peace
Authors: Crépon Marc
Published: May 2023

This article, inspired by the Derridean thinking of hospitality, attempts to reflect upon the conditions of peace and hospitality, taking a reading of Kant's ‘Toward Perpetual Peace’ as its guiding thread. It endeavours to show that the peace that inhospitable nations maintain between themselves is necessarily illusory, as they continue to amass the restrictive conditions of their hospitality. The hypothesis is proposed that the guiding thread that links the elements of the hyperbolic ethics that Derrida deploys in his ‘questions of responsibility’ seminars indeed concerns this unconditional condition of peace, of which hospitality is the first law.
Derrida's Zusage – Response and Appeal
Authors: Weber Samuel
Published: May 2023

Although Derrida himself rejected the Saussurian notion of ‘signifier’ and replaced it with ‘trace’ or ‘mark’ this essay argues for the continued relevance of ‘signifier’ for and to the Derridean project of ‘deconstructing’. A radical reading of ‘signifier’ as undertook by Derrida himself in Of Grammatology can help demonstrate the power of certain Derridean readings such as that, in Of Spirit, which seeks to problematise the Heideggerian approach to questioning as ‘the piety of thought’. By exposing certain connotations of the German word, Zusage – ‘speaking to’ – the essay seeks to bring out the affective dimension in Derrida's deconstructive reading of Heidegger and more generally in the deconstructive project.
The Effects of Response Interruption and Redirection (RIRD) and Self-Monitoring Strategy on Delayed Echolalia of a Middle School Student with Autistic Tendency and Intellectual Disabilities
Authors:   Korean Association For Persons With Autism, Kang Youngmo , Kim Eunse , Son Seung Hyun
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to assess the effects of Response Interruption and Redirection (RIRD) and Self-Monitoring strategy on delayed echolalia in a middle school student with intellectual disabilities. One student with intellectual disabilities participated in the study. The target behavior was delayed echolalia that lasted for five s or longer at drawing activities during lunchtime. Regarding the first intervention, RIRD, the teacher interrupted the delayed echolalia with questions and then gave appropriate instructions. Considering the second intervention, the Self-Monitoring strategy, the student used a decibel (dB) measuring mobile application (APP) on a table to record the behavior for Self-Monitoring. The experiment used an alternating treatments design to compare between the effects of the two interventions on delayed echolalia. Observations were conducted by recording drawing activities during lunchtime. Thereafter, the video was reviewed. The percentage of occurrence of delayed echolalia was measured using the 20-s partial-interval recording. Visual analysis was performed based on the collected data. Additionally, effect sizes were calculated using Tau-U and improvement rate difference. The results of visual analysis showed that the Self-Monitoring strategy was more effective compared with RIRD. However, both interventions showed a high effect size. Based on the experimental procedures and results of this study, If RIRD and Self-Monitoring strategy are implemented in educational settings, delayed echolalia in students with intellectual disabilities could be more effectively managed.
the effect of Guillard fertilizer treatment on the growth of the diatom skeletonema costatum in bpbap batee tip
Authors: Putri Nursantika Adelia , Ukhty Nabila , Fuadi Afdhal , Supartik Supartik
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the growth phase of Skeletonema costatum with different concentrations of Guillard fertilizer and to determine the effect of Guillard fertilizer concentration on the quality of the growth medium for Skeletonema costatum.  This study used an experimental research method with 4 stages of research, namely preparation of Guillard fertilizer, preparation of aqueous media, preparation of Skeletonema costatum culture and observation of the growth phase.  Data from testing the parameters for measuring water quality were analyzed descriptively.  The design used in this study was RAL with 4 treatments, namely without guillard fertilizer (NP0), BPBAP dose of guillard fertilizer (NP1), increased dose of guillard fertilizer (NP2), and reduced dose of guillard fertilizer (NP3) with 4 repetitions.  test.  The results showed that the doses of NP0, NP2 and NP3 had less optimal growth compared to the NP1 dose where the density was optimal according to SNI 4958:2015.  The average pH quality is 7-9, the average DO quality is 3-7, the average salinity quality is 29-35 ppt, the average temperature quality is 20-30ºC and the average light quality is 500-1200 lux.Keywords: Skeletonema costatum, Guillard, Growth, Water Quality Parameters
Left ventricular electrical potential measured by the NOGA XP electromechanical mapping method as a predictor of response to cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Wilczek Jacek , Jadczyk Tomasz , Wojakowski Wojciech , Gołba Krzysztof S.
Published: May 2023

Objectives

The aim of the study was to determine whether left ventricular electrical potential measured by electromechanical mapping with the NOGA XP system has predictive value for response to CRT.

Background

Approximately 30% of patients who undergo cardiac resynchronization therapy do not see the expected effects.

Methods

The group of 38 patients qualified for CRT implantation were included in the study, of which 33 patients were analyzed. A 15% reduction in ESV after 6 months of pacing was used as a criterion for a positive response to CRT. The mean value and sum of unipolar and bipolar potentials obtained by mapping with the NOGA XP system and their predictive value in relation to the effect of CRT were analyzed using a bulls-eye projection at three levels: 1) the global value of the left ventricular (LV) potentials, 2) the potentials of the individual LV walls and 3) the mean value of the potentials of the individual segments (basal and middle) of the individual LV walls.

Results

24 patients met the criterion of a positive response to CRT vs. 9 non-responders. At the global analysis stage, the independent predictors of favorable response to CRT were the sum of the unipolar potential and bipolar mean potential. In the analysis of individual left ventricular walls, the mean bipolar potential of the anterior and posterior wall and in the unipolar system, mean septal potential was found to be an independent predictor of favorable response to CRT. In the detailed segmental analysis, the independent predictors were the bipolar potential of the mid-posterior wall segment and the basal anterior wall segment.

Conclusions

Measurement of bipolar and unipolar electrical potentials with the NOGA XP system is a valuable method for predicting a favorable response to CRT.
Evaluation of transitions from early hypertension to hypertensive chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, stroke and mortality: a Thai real-world data cohort
Authors: Teza Htun , Boonmanunt Suparee , Unwanatham Nattawut , Thadanipon Kunlawat , Limpijankit Thosaphol , Pattanaprateep Oraluck , Pattanateepapon Anuchate , McKay Gareth J. , Attia John , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: May 2023

Objective

Systemic arterial hypertension (HT) is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVDs), associated with all-cause death (ACD). Understanding its progression from the early state to late complications should lead to more timely intensification of treatment. This study aimed to construct a real-world cohort profile of HT and to estimate transition probabilities from the uncomplicated state to any of these long-term complications; chronic kidney disease (CKD), coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and ACD.

Methods

This real-world cohort study used routine clinical practice data for all adult patients diagnosed with HT in the Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand from 2010 to 2022. A multi-state model was developed based on the following: state 1-uncomplicated HT, 2-CKD, 3-CAD, 4-stroke, and 5-ACD. Transition probabilities were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

A total of 144,149 patients were initially classified as having uncomplicated HT. The transition probabilities (95% CI) from the initial state to CKD, CAD, stroke, and ACD at 10-years were 19.6% (19.3%, 20.0%), 18.2% (17.9%, 18.6%), 7.4% (7.1%, 7.6%), and 1.7% (1.5%, 1.8%), respectively. Once in the intermediate-states of CKD, CAD, and stroke, 10-year transition probabilities to death were 7.5% (6.8%, 8.4%), 9.0% (8.2%, 9.9%), and 10.8% (9.3%, 12.5%).

Conclusions

In this 13-year cohort, CKD was observed as the most common complication, followed by CAD and stroke. Among these, stroke carried the highest risk of ACD, followed by CAD and CKD. These findings provide improved understanding of disease progression to guide appropriate prevention measures. Further investigations of prognostic factors and treatment effectiveness are warranted.
BMAA in cycad-feeding Lepidoptera: defensive sequestration or bioaccumulation?
Authors: Whitaker Melissa R. L. , Banack Sandra Anne , Mescher Mark C. , Cox Paul Alan , De Moraes Consuelo M.
Published: May 2023

Many herbivorous Lepidoptera accumulate plant toxins within their own tissues as a defensive strategy. Pioneering research in this area was conducted by Miriam Rothschild and Deane Bowers, who showed that the cycad-feeding butterfly Eumaeus atala sequester the toxic plant compound cycasin and thereby deter vertebrate and invertebrate predators. The current study focuses on another cycad compound, β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), that is known to accumulate in the tissues of insects and other herbivores, and which has been shown to have neurotoxic effects in humans. Chemical analyses revealed that BMAA accumulates in both immature and adult tissues of E. atala, as well as adult tissues of another cycad-feeding lepidopteran, Seirarctia echo. However, the distribution of BMAA across life stages and tissues did not conform to patterns predicted for defensive sequestration, and subsequent behavioral experiments with ants showed that these invertebrate predators were not deterred by BMAA. Our results suggest that high levels of BMAA in the tissues of cycad-feeding insects likely reflect passive bioaccumulation rather than defensive sequestration. Combined with the previous work by Rothschild and Bowers, these results provide an example in which two different plant toxins accumulate within the tissues of a single herbivore species via different mechanisms and with different implications for ecology and evolution. They thereby lay the groundwork for further investigation into the processes underlying active sequestration and non-adaptive bioaccumulation.
Carbon dot-based nanomaterials: a promising future nano-platform for targeting tumor-associated macrophages
Authors: Miao Yingying , Wang Shuang , Zhang Butian , Liu Lin
Published: May 2023

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the internal environment that tumors depend on for survival and development. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), as an important part of the tumor microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of various malignant tumors and has immunosuppressant ability. With the development of immunotherapy, eradicating cancer cells by activating the innate immune system has yielded encouraging results, however only a minority of patients show a lasting response. Therefore, in vivo imaging of dynamic TAMs is crucial in patient-tailored immunotherapy to identify patients who will benefit from immunotherapy, monitor efficacy after treatment, and identify alternative strategies for non-responders. Meanwhile, developing nanomedicines based on TAMs-related antitumor mechanisms to effectively inhibit tumor growth is expected to become a promising research field. Carbon dots (CDs), as an emerging member of the carbon material family, exhibit unexpected superiority in fluorescence imaging/sensing, such as near infrared imaging, photostability, biocompatibility and low toxicity. Their characteristics naturally integrate therapy and diagnosis, and when CDs are combined with targeted chemical/genetic/photodynamic/photothermal therapeutic moieties, they are good candidates for targeting TAMs. We concentrate our discussion on the current learn of TAMs and describe recent examples of macrophage modulation based on carbon dot-associated nanoparticles, emphasizing the advantages of their multifunctional platform and their potential for TAMs theranostics.
Sex-biased immunological processes drive hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Young Kelly Z. , Dimitrion Peter , Zhou Li , Adrianto Indra , Mi Qing-Sheng
Published: May 2023

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can manifest with abscesses, sinus tracts, and scarring in the intertriginous areas of the body. HS is characterized by immune dysregulation, featuring elevated levels of myeloid cells, T helper (Th) cells, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly those involved in Th1- and Th17-mediated immunity. In most epidemiological studies, HS shows a strong female sex bias, with reported female-to-male ratios estimated at roughly 3:1, suggesting that sex-related factors contribute to HS pathophysiology. In this article, we review the role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that contribute to immunological differences between the sexes and postulate their role in the female sex bias observed in HS. We discuss the effects of hormones, X chromosome dosage, genetics, the microbiome, and smoking on sex-related differences in immunity to postulate potential immunological mechanisms in HS pathophysiology. Future studies are required to better characterize sex-biased factors that contribute to HS disease presentations.
The impact of spume droplets induced by the bag-breakup mechanism on tropical cyclone modeling
Authors: Xu Xingkun , Voermans Joey , Waseda Takuji , Moon Il-Ju , Liu Qingxiang , Babanin Alexander V.
Published: May 2023

Spume, large-radius seawater droplets that are ejected from the ocean into the atmosphere, can exchange moisture and heat fluxes with the surrounding air. Under severe weather conditions, spume can substantially mediate air-sea fluxes through thermal effects and thus needs to be physically parameterized. While the impact made by spume on air-sea interactions has been considered in bulk turbulent air-sea algorithms, various hypotheses in current models have resulted in uncertainties remaining regarding the effect of spume on air-sea coupling. In this study, we extended a classic bulk turbulent air-sea algorithm with a “bag-breakup” physical scheme of spume generation parameterizations to include spume effects in a complicated numerical model. To investigate the impact of spume on air-sea coupling, we conducted numerical experiments in a simulation of Tropical Cyclone Narelle. We observed a significant improvement in the ability to model minimum central pressure and maximum sustained surface wind speed when including the bag-breakup spume scheme. In particular, the impact of the bag breakup–generated spume is observed in the intensity, structure, and size of the tropical cyclone system through the modulation of local wind speed (U10), wave height (Hs), and sea surface temperature.
An examination of protist diversity in serpentinization-hosted ecosystems of the Samail Ophiolite of Oman
Authors: Howells Alta E. G. , De Martini Francesca , Gile Gillian H. , Shock Everett L.
Published: May 2023

In the Samail Ophiolite of Oman, the geological process of serpentinization produces reduced, hydrogen rich, hyperalkaline (pH > 11) fluids. These fluids are generated through water reacting with ultramafic rock from the upper mantle in the subsurface. On Earth’s continents, serpentinized fluids can be expressed at the surface where they can mix with circumneutral surface water and subsequently generate a pH gradient (∼pH 8 to pH > 11) in addition to variations in other chemical parameters such as dissolved CO2, O2, and H2. Globally, archaeal and bacterial community diversity has been shown to reflect geochemical gradients established by the process of serpentinization. It is unknown if the same is true for microorganisms of the domain Eukarya (eukaryotes). In this study, using 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we explore the diversity of microbial eukaryotes called protists in sediments of serpentinized fluids in Oman. We demonstrate that protist community composition and diversity correlate significantly with variations in pH, with protist richness being significantly lower in sediments of hyperalkaline fluids. In addition to pH, the availability of CO2 to phototrophic protists, the composition of potential food sources (prokaryotes) for heterotrophic protists and the concentration of O2 for anaerobic protists are factors that likely shape overall protist community composition and diversity along the geochemical gradient. The taxonomy of the protist 18S rRNA gene sequences indicates the presence of protists that are involved in carbon cycling in serpentinized fluids of Oman. Therefore, as we evaluate the applicability of serpentinization for carbon sequestration, the presence and diversity of protists should be considered.
Patient-specific approach using data fusion and adversarial training for epileptic seizure prediction
Authors: Yang Yong , Qin Xiaolin , Wen Han , Li Feng , Lin Xiaoguang
Published: May 2023

Epilepsy is the second common neurological disorder after headache, accurate and reliable prediction of seizures is of great clinical value. Most epileptic seizure prediction methods consider only the EEG signal or extract and classify the features of EEG and ECG signals separately, the improvement of prediction performance from multimodal data is not fully considered. In addition, epilepsy data are time-varying, with differences between each episode in a patient, making it difficult for traditional curve-fitting models to achieve high accuracy and reliability. In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the prediction system, we propose a novel personalized approach based on data fusion and domain adversarial training to predict epileptic seizures using leave-one-out cross-validation, which achieves an average accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 99.70, 99.76, and 99.61%, respectively, with an average error alarm rate (FAR) of 0.001. Finally, the advantage of this approach is demonstrated by comparison with recent relevant literature. This method will be incorporated into clinical practice to provide personalized reference information for epileptic seizure prediction.
An escalating continuum of learning and attention difficulties from premutation to full mutation in female carriers of FMR1 expansion
Authors: Gabis Lidia V. , Shaham Meirav , Attia Odelia Leon , Kowal Tamar , David Sivan , Banet-Levi Yonit , Shefer Shahar , Gabis Daniel , Mula-Topf Dana , Avrech Bar Michal , Bart Orit , Segal Osnat
Published: May 2023

Objective

Carriers of Fragile X premutation may have associated medical comorbidities, such as Fragile X-associated tremor and ataxia (FXTAS) and Fragile X-associated premature ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI). We examined the Fragile X premutation effect on cognition, and we assumed that there is a direct correlation between the continuous spectrum of specific learning and attention deficits to the number of CGG repeats on the FMR1 gene.

Methods

A total of 108 women were referred to our center due to a related Fragile X syndrome (FXS) patient, 79 women carried a premutation of 56–199 repeats, and 19 women carried a full mutation of more than 200 CGG repeats on FMR1 gene. Genetic results of CGG repeats, demographic information, structured questionnaires for ADHD, learning disabilities of language and mathematics, and independence level were analyzed in women carrying the FMR1 premutation and compared to the group carrying the full mutation. Women with FXS and FXTAS were excluded.

Results

When analyzed as a continuum, there was a significant increase in the following complaints which were associated with a higher number of repeats: specific daily function skills such as driving a car, writing checks, disorientation in directions, and also specific learning difficulties such as spelling and math difficulties. Additionally, when tested as a categorical independent variable, we observe that women with the full mutation were more likely to have ADHD or other learning disability diagnoses in the past than during premutation (<200 CGG repetitions).

Conclusion

Specific learning and attention difficulties and resulting daily function difficulties correlate with an increased number of CGG repeats and are more likely to be associated as a common feature of premutation and full mutation in a female premutation carrier. Despite evidence of learning and attention difficulties, it is encouraging that most female carriers of the premutation and full mutation function well in most areas. Nevertheless, they face significant difficulties in specific areas of functioning such as driving, and confusion in times and schedules. Those daily function skills are mostly impacted by dyscalculia, right and left disorientation, and attention difficulties. This may aid to design specific interventions to address specific learning deficits in order to improve daily function skills and quality of life.
Evaluating brain modularity benefits of an acting intervention: a discriminant-analysis framework
Authors: Rajesh Aishwarya , Betzel Richard , Daugherty Ana M. , Noice Tony , Noice Helga , Baniqued Pauline L. , Voss Michelle W. , Kramer Arthur F.
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Aging is associated with a reduction in brain modularity as well as aspects of executive function, namely, updating, shifting, and inhibition. Previous research has suggested that the aging brain exhibits plasticity. Further, it has been hypothesized that broad-based intervention models may be more effective in eliciting overall gains in executive function than interventions targeted at specific executive skills (e.g., computer-based training). To this end, we designed a 4-week theater-based acting intervention in older adults within an RCT framework. We hypothesized that older adults would show improvements in brain modularity and aspects of executive function, ascribed to the acting intervention.

Materials and methods

The participants were 179 adults from the community, aged 60–89 years and on average, college educated. They completed a battery of executive function tasks and resting state functional MRI scans to measure brain network modularity pre- and post-intervention. Participants in the active intervention group (n = 93) enacted scenes with a partner that involved executive function, whereas the active control group (n = 86) learned about the history and styles of acting. Both groups met two times/week for 75-min for 4 weeks. A mixed model was used to evaluate intervention effects related to brain modularity. Discriminant-analysis was used to determine the role of seven executive functioning tasks in discriminating the two groups. These tasks indexed subdomains of updating, switching, and inhibition. Discriminant tasks were subject to a logistic regression analysis to determine how post-intervention executive function performance interacted with changes in modularity to predict group membership.

Results

We noted an increase in brain modularity in the acting group, relative to pre-intervention and controls. Performance on updating tasks were representative of the intervention group. However, post-intervention performance on updating did not interact with the observed increase in brain modularity to distinguish groups.

Conclusion

An acting intervention can facilitate improvements in modularity and updating, both of which are sensitive to aging and may confer benefits to daily functioning and the ability to learn.
Molecular characteristics of multiple primary pulmonary nodules under a three-dimensional reconstruction model and relevant multi-omics analyses: a case report
Authors: Luo Zhilin , Xiao Yajie , Luo Chengwen , Zhang Liping , Zhou Runquan , Zhao Zhikun , Sun Chao , Wu Dongfang , Wang Tianhu
Published: May 2023

Background

In addition to CT images and pathological features, many other molecular characteristics remain unknown about multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) from intrapulmonary metastatic lung cancer.

Case presentation

In this study, we reported a patient with an early-stage MPLC with both adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) subtype and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) subtype. The patient was diagnosed with more than 10 nodules and underwent precise surgery assisted by three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction at the left upper lung lobe. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and multiple immunohistochemistry (mIHC) were performed to reveal the genomic profiling and tumor microenvironments of multiple nodules in this patient with MPLC. Based on 3D reconstruction location information, we found that the genomic and pathological results of adjacent lymph nodes were quite different. On the other hand, PD-L1 expression and the proportion of infiltrating lymphocytes in tumor microenvironments were all at a low status and did not vary in adjacent lymph nodes. Additionally, maximum diameter and tumor mutational burden levels were found to be significantly associated with CD8+ T cell proportion (p<0.05). Besides, CD163+ macrophages and CD4+ T cell proportion were higher in MIA nodules than in AIS nodules (p<0.05). This patient reached a recurrence-free survival of 39 months.

Conclusion

Generally, in addition to CT imaging and pathological results, genomic profiling and tumor microenvironments may facilitate identifying the potential molecular mechanisms and clinical outcomes in patients with early-stage MPLC.
Development and validation of the novel subclassification of pN3 for patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Ma Keru , Wang Hao , Fang Chengyuan , Jiang Xiangyu , Ma Jianqun
Published: May 2023

Background

Patients with stage pN3 esophageal cancer (EC) have a large number of metastatic lymph nodes (mLNs) and have poor prognosis. This study was to elucidate whether subclassification of pN3 according to the number of mLNs could improve the discrimination ability of EC patients.

Methods

This study retrospectively analyzed patients with pN3 EC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database as a training cohort and SEER validation cohort. Patients with pN3 esophageal cancer from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University were used as the validation cohort. The optimal cutoff value of mLNs was identified using the X-tile software, and group pN3 into pN3-I and pN3-II based on mLNs. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to analyze the disease-specific survival (DSS). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify the independent prognostic factors.

Results

For the training cohort, patients with 7 to 9 mLNs were categorized as pN3-I, while those with more than 9 mLNs were categorized as pN3-II. There were 183 (53.8%) pN3-I and 157 (46.2%) pN3-II. The 5-year DSS rates of pN3-I and pN3-II in the training cohort were 11.7% and 5.2% (P=0.033), and the pN3 subclassification was an independent risk factor associated with patient prognosis. More RLNs may not improve patient prognosis, but the use of mLNs/RLNs is effective in predicting patient prognosis. Furthermore, the pN3 subclassification was well validated in the validation cohort.

Conclusion

Subclassification of pN3 can better distinguish survival differences in EC patients.
WGCNA based identification of hub genes associated with cold response and development in Apis mellifera metamorphic pupae
Authors: Zhu Chenyu , Xu Xinjian , Zhou Shujing , Zhou Bingfeng , Liu Yiming , Xu Hongzhi , Tian Yuanmingyue , Zhu Xiangjie
Published: May 2023

Honeybee is a crucial pollinator in nature, and plays an indispensable role in both agricultural production and scientific research. In recent decades, honeybee was challenged with health problems by biotic and abiotic stresses. As a key ecological factor, temperature has been proved to have an impact on the survival and production efficiency of honeybees. Previous studies have demonstrated that low temperature stress can affect honeybee pupation and shorten adult longevity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of low temperatures on honeybee growth and development during their developmental period remain poorly understood. In this paper, the weighted gene co-expression analysis (WGCNA) was employed to explore the molecular mechanisms underpinnings of honeybees’ respond to low temperatures (20°C) during four distinct developmental stages: large-larvae, prepupae, early-pupae and mid-pupae. Through an extensive transcriptome analysis, thirteen gene co-expression modules were identified and analyzed in relation to honeybee development and stress responses. The darkorange module was found to be associated with low temperature stress, with its genes primarily involved in autophagy-animal, endocytosis and MAPK signaling pathways. Four hub genes were identified within this module, namely, loc726497, loc409791, loc410923, and loc550857, which may contribute to honeybee resistance to low temperature and provide insight into the underlying mechanism. The gene expression patterns of grey60 and black modules were found to correspond to the developmental stages of prepupae and early-pupae, respectively, with the hub genes loc409494, loc725756, loc552457, loc726158, Ip3k and Lcch3 in grey60 module likely involved in brain development, and the hub genes loc410555 in black module potentially related to exoskeleton development. The brown module genes exhibited a distinct pattern of overexpression in mid-pupae specimens, with genes primarily enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, citrate cycle and other pathways, which may be related to the formation of bee flying muscle. No related gene expression module was found for mature larvae stage. These findings provide valuable insights into the developmental process of honeybees at molecular level during the capped brood stage.