bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Classification of Causes and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis Based on Complex Intuitionistic Fuzzy Frank Aggregation Operators
Authors: Yang Xiao-Peng , Mahmood Tahir , Ali Zeeshan , Hayat Khizar
Published: May 2023

More than fifty million people over the age of fifty have osteoporosis issues due to low bone mass, disease contribution, and not exercising continuously. Certain most important risk factors and causes of osteoporosis contain age, gender, hormones, visits to inexperienced doctors, and certain medical conditions. In this manuscript, we diagnosed certain frank operational laws under the availability of complex intuitionistic fuzzy (CIF) information. Furthermore, using the evaluated operational laws, we pioneered the theory of CIF frank weighted averaging (CIFFWA), CIF frank ordered weighted averaging (CIFFOWA), CIF frank hybrid averaging (CIFFHA), CIF frank weighted geometric (CIFFWG), CIF frank ordered weighted geometric (CIFFOWG), CIF frank hybrid geometric (CIFFHG) operators, and described their beneficial and valuable results with certain useful properties. Moreover, we aim to evaluate the most dangerous type of osteoporosis based on their symptoms, causes, and risk factors using diagnosed approaches. Finally, to enhance the worth of the evaluated operators, we compare the diagnosed result with certain prevailing results and illustrated their geometrical representation with the help of MATLAB.
A Comprehensive Review on Skin Pigmentation-Types, Causes, and Treatment
Authors: Thawabteh Ameen Mahmood , Jibreen Alaa , Karaman Donia , Thawabteh Alà , Karaman Rafik
Published: May 2023

Humans have extremely variable skin pigmentation and melanin production influenced by genetics, UV exposure, and some medications. A significant number of skin illnesses that result in pigmentary abnormalities have an impact on patients’ physical appearance as well as their psychological and social well-being. Skin pigmentation can be divided into two basic categories: hyperpigmentation, where pigment appears to overflow, and hypopigmentation, where pigment is reduced. Albinism, melasma, vitiligo, Addison's disease, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, which can be brought on by eczema, acne vulgaris, and drug interactions, are the most common skin pigmentation disorders in clinical practice. Anti-inflammatory medications, antioxidants, and medications that inhibit tyrosine, which prevents the production of melanin, are all possible treatments for pigmentation problems. Skin pigmentation can be treated orally and topically with medications, herbal remedies, and cosmetic products, but a doctor should always be consulted before beginning any new medicine or treatment plan. This review article explores the numerous types of pigmentation problems, their causes, and treatments, as well as the 25 plants, four marine species, and 17 topical and oral medications now on the market that have been clinically tested to treat skin diseases.
Radiation Beam Width and Beam Direction Electronical Control of Transparent and Compact Vivaldi Antennas
Authors: Cherif Amani , Mohamed Himdi , Xavier Castel , Quentin Simon , Saber Dakhli , Fethi Choubani
Published: May 2023

A printed Vivaldi antenna that is optically transparent, ultra-wideband (UWB), and reconfigurable has been developed, fabricated, and tested at millimeter wave frequencies. It covers a broad frequency range of 20-30 GHz by using three PIN diodes. The diodes control the current flow to direct the beam of the antenna. The results of numerical simulations and measurements match at millimeter wave frequencies. The design of this antenna is unique as it allows for a reduction in size and ease of integration while also providing the ability to change the radiation pattern by up to 300 degrees, making it suitable for 5G and 6G communications. Additionally, this antenna can also be useful for RF applications that require dynamic switching of radiation patterns and cognitive radio.
Predicting Large Wildfires in the Contiguous United States Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Dhal Sambandh Bhusan , Jain Shubham , Gadepally Krishna Chaitanya , Vijaykumar Prathik , Sharma Bhavesh Hariom , Acharya Bharat Sharma , Nowka Kevin , Kalafatis Stavros
Published: May 2023

Over the last several decades, large wildfires are increasingly common across the United States causing disproportionate impact on forest health and function, human well-being, and economy. Here, we examine the severity of large wildfires across the Contiguous United States over the past decade (2011-2020) using a wide array of meteorological, vegetational, and topographical features in the Deep Neural Network model. A total of 4,538 wildfire incidents were used in the analysis covering 87,305 square miles of burned area. We observed the highest number of large wildfires in California, Texas, and Idaho, with lightning causing 43 % of these incidents. Importantly, results indicate that the severity of wildfire occurrences is highly correlated with the climatological forcings, land cover, location, and elevation of the ecosystem. Overall, results may serve useful guide in managing landscapes under changing climate and disturbance regimes.
Plant-based beverages from germinated and ungerminated seeds, as a source of probiotics, and bioactive compounds with health benefits – Part 1: Legumes
Authors: Criste Adriana Dalila , Urcan Adriana Cristina , Coroian Cristian Ovidiu , Copolovici Lucian , Copolovici Dana Maria , Burtescu Ramona Flavia , Oláh Neli Kinga
Published: May 2023

: Consumption of plant-based milk replacers has increased in recent years due to health benefits, benefits attributed mainly to the content of phenolic compounds, fatty acids, or bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. In this context, we proposed to obtain two types of less studied plant-based beverages, namely lupine and chickpea beverages, as well as the possibility of getting these beverages using germinated seeds and even obtaining probiotic drinks through fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum 299v. To evaluate the quality of the obtained products, we determined their content of proteins, fatty acids, organic acids, volatile compounds, and phenolic compounds. We evaluated the antioxidant activity of the obtained herbal drinks, and a load of probiotic microorganisms present after the fermentation process. Both lupine and chickpea drinks have the desired properties, high content of fatty acids and phenolic compounds, that bring probiotic benefits.
Modeling the Hotel Tax Revenue in Central Lombok using Nonparametric Regression
Authors: Fitriyani Nurul , Pembargi Joji Ardian , Setiawana Ena , Ahidatussolihah Rosanti W.
Published: May 2023

In Central Lombok Regency, the hotel tax is one of the highest incomes contributing to Regional Original Revenue. A hotel tax is a tax on services provided by the hotel. This research aims to estimate the nonparametric kernel regression curve on hotel tax revenue data in Central Lombok. The method used is nonparametric kernel regression analysis with the seven kernel functions. The results of the analysis with the Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) criteria, the optimal bandwidth values ​​generated by the seven kernel functions have varying values. Although the bandwidth values ​​vary, the resulting estimation results are similar, and the comparison of the Mean Square Error (MSE) values ​​of the seven kernel functions is not significantly different.
Formation of Optimal Portfolio on JII Stock using Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen Indices during the Period of 2018-2023
Authors: Alim Khairul , Rahmawati Anisa , Matsaany Bayun
Published: May 2023

Investment is an activity carried out by investors by placing their funds in an asset. The purpose of investment is to gain long-term profits in the future. These profits come from changes in the price of assets in the future, which refers to the increase in the value of an asset over time. Currently, there are several types of investments. However, the type of investment that is quite widely practiced by Indonesian society is stock investment. The Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) groups the stocks available in the stock market into several indexes. One index that is currently receiving attention from Indonesian society is the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). The JII is a collection of shares from companies that adhere to sharia principles in their business operations. Investment activities must be carried out carefully by conducting analysis beforehand so that investors do not make mistakes in choosing the stocks to be purchased. Several popular methods for selecting stocks are the Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen indexes. These three indexes can be used to select the best stocks based on their respective criteria. This study combine these three indexes to prioritize the formation of a portfolio. The data used in this study is the closing value of stock prices in the JII index from March 2018 to February 2023. The optimization resulted in a composition of 69.17% for MDKA shares, 26.55% for HRUM shares, and 4.28% for BRIS shares of the total portfolio composition.
Meta-Analysis Of Wakaf Based Sharia Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Khaer Rijalul , Firmansyah Atep , Saepul Rohman Pupun
Published: May 2023

The purpose of writing this article is to examine the development of waqf-based Islamic Microfinance Institutions research in the world. The method used in this study is meta-analysis using data sources from articles published in international journals. The results show that there has been an increase in the development of IMFI waqf-based research from year to year. Many studies related to waqf based IMFI have been carried out with several countries in the world as case studies. A country that has become a lot of case studies in research related to this theme is Malaysia. In addition, based on the methodological approach used, the dominance of research was carried out using a qualitative approach. The paper that is widely cited is "Banking for the poor: The role of Islamic banking in microfinance initiatives". In addition, the author who often conducts research related to IMFI-based waqf is Mohamed Asmy bin Mohd Thas Thaker.
The results of the analysis show that the management of cash waqf carried out by Islamic microfinance institutions is a solution to the current economic problems of the people. The potential of this waqf can later be used as a means of empowering the economy of the middle and lower classes with the role played by Islamic microfinance institutions. The implications of this research can be a reference for various stakeholders, especially the government, in the distribution of potential waqf managed by Islamic microfinance institutions.
Relationship between body composition and anthropometric measures for cardiovascular disease risk assessment in persons with spinal cord injury
Authors: Flank Peter , Chlaidze Giorgi , Norström Fredrik , Ramnemark Anna , Fahlström Martin , Wahman Kerstin
Published: May 2023

Study design: A descriptive, cross-sectional study.
Background: The longevity of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) has improved over the past decades. Consequently, many age-related disorders occur prematurely and at a higher prevalence in the SCI population than in the general population, such as cardiovascular disease.
Setting: University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden
Objective: To examine the relationship between abdominal fat mass and total body fat mass measured with Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with anthropometrics measures in a heterogeneous group of SCI in northern Sweden. Also, to examine the relationship between risk markers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) with abdominal fat mass measured with DXA.
Method: The study was conducted with 78 patients with SCI, at different injury and functional level. Data from anthropometric and DXA measurements and a blood lipid panel were analyzed.
Results: There is a positive correlation, ranging from 0.54 to 0.66, between DXA measurements and anthropometric measures. Regarding dyslipidemia as a risk marker, there was statistically higher values of total body fat mass and abdominal fat mass in the group of participants with the condition (36.0–42.2%) compared with others without the risk marker (26.3–30.6%).
Conclusion: In the light of the fact that there is a high CVD-risk in the SCI-population there is a need for cheap and easy to use measurement as predictors for this risk. Based on these results, although DXA still provides more reliable data and information, this study provides support for using the anthropometric measures BMI (SCI-specific cut-points), WC and SAH in clinical settings as a proxy for increased abdominal and total body fat.
A brief review on models for birds exposed to chemicals
Authors: lamonica dominique , Charvy Lison , Kuo Dave , Fritsch Clémentine , Coeurdassier Michaël , Berny Philippe , Charles Sandrine
Published: May 2023

“A Who’s Who of pesticides is therefore of concern to us all. If we are going to live so intimately with these chemicals eating and drinking them, taking them into the very marrow of our bones - we had better know something about their nature and their power.” — Rachel Carson, Silent Spring.
In her day, Rachel Carson was right: plant protection products (PPP) like all the other chemical substances that humans increasingly release into the environment without further precaution, are among our worst enemies today (Bruhl and Zaller, 2019; Naidu et al, 2021; Tang et al, 2021; Topping et al, 2020). All compartments of the biosphere, air, soil and water, are potential reservoirs within which all species that live there are impaired. Birds are particularly concerned: PPP are recognized as a factor in the decline of their abundance and diversity predominantly in agricultural landscapes. Due to the restrictions on vertebrates testing, in silico based approaches are an ideal choice alternative given input data are available. This is where the problem lies as we will illustrate in this paper. We performed an extensive literature search covering a long period of time, a wide diversity of bird species, a large range of chemical substances and as many model types as possible to encompass all our future need to improve environmental risk assessment of chemicals for birds. In the end, we show that poultry species exposed to pesticides are the most studied at the individual level with physiologically based toxicokinetic models. To go beyond, with more species, more chemical types, over several levels of biological organization, we show that observed data are crucially missing (Gilbert, 2011). As a consequence, improving existing models or developing new ones could be like climbing Everest if no additional data can be gathered, especially on chemical effects and toxicodynamic aspects.
Early Elevated IFNα Identified as the Key Mediator of HIV Pathogenesis and its low level a Hallmark of Elite Controllers
Authors: Gallo Robert , Buanec Hélène , Schiavon Valérie , Mérandet Marine , Howkit Alexandre , Bergerat David , C Fombellida Lopez , Bensussan Armand , Bouaziz Jean-David , Burny Arsène , Darcis Gilles , SONG HONGSHUO , Sajadi Mohammad , Kottilil Shyamasundaran , Zagury Daniel
Published: May 2023

Advances in HIV therapy came from understanding its replication. Further progress toward “functional cure” - no therapy needed as found in Elite Controllers (EC) - may come from insights in pathogenesis and avoidance by EC. Here we show that all immune cells from HIV infected persons are impaired in non-EC, but not in EC. Since HIV infects few cell types, these results suggest an additional mediator of pathogenesis. We identify that mediator as elevated pathogenic IFNα, controlled by EC likely by their preserved potent NK-cells and later by other killer cells. Since the earliest days of infection predict outcome genetic or chance events must be key to EC, and since we found no unique immune parameter at the onset, we suggest a chance infection with a lower HIV inoculum. These results offer an additional approach toward functional cure: a judicious targeting of IFNα for all non-EC patients
Case report: Myositis causing isolated neck extensor myopathy (INEM) exacerbated after vaccination
Authors: Holm-Yildiz Sonja , Pedersen Britt Staevnsbo , Kodal Louise Sloth , Dysgaard Tina
Published: May 2023

Background
Myositis is a group of inflammatory skeletal muscle diseases that in some cases may be linked to vaccines.3 Case reports of new-onset myositis and other autoimmune events have previously been reported after administration of the COVID-19 vaccine. 4–13 Furthermore, three large surveys have described patients with a self-reported flare of myositis following COVID-19 vaccination 14–16 To our knowledge, no cases of flares of myositis causing isolated neck extensor myopathy (INEM) have previously been reported.
Case presentation
A female known with stable myositis causing isolated neck extensor myopathy (INEM) with minor sequela developed severe weakness of the extensor muscle of the neck three weeks following the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. Until vaccine administration, the patient exhibited a good response to immunosuppressants (prednisolone followed by rituximab). On clinical examination, she had a forward drop of the head and neck extensor muscle strength was 3/5 on the MRC scale. She was initially treated with prednisone and a course of rituximab with no clinical improvement. Subsequently, she was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). Within two weeks neck extensor weakness improved. She no longer had a head drop and neck extensor muscle strength was 4/5 on the MRC scale. The patient had a flare of myositis following immunization. The clinical course suggests that the vaccine may have triggered the flare, which could not be stabilized with previously effective treatment.
Conclusions
The time period between the COVID-19 vaccine and the exacerbation of myositis causing INEM suggests a link between the vaccine and the flare. The possible need for repeated vaccine boosters to maintain immunity against severe COVID-19 disease highlights the importance of acquiring more information on COVID-19 vaccine reactions in patients with pre-existing autoimmunity and on effective treatments vaccine related flares. Thus, clinicians should be aware of and report possible flares of autoimmune diseases following the vaccine. Nonetheless, the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine outweigh the small risk of a myositis flare.
Biochemical Changes induced by Hydrogen Cyanamide (Dormex) Foliar Application in the Buds of ‘Askari’ Grape
Authors: Jamshidian Sadegh , Eshghi Saeid , Ramezanian Asghar , Jamali Babak
Published: May 2023

Short growing season is one of the main obstacles to the commercial production of grapes in regions experiencing cold/semi-cold climates. This is known to impact the quality and quantity of production. Consequently, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of foliar application of hydrogen cyanamide (Dormex) solution (0, 1%) as a rest-break agent and its physiological and biochemical mechanisms, on 10-year-old Askari grape (Vitis vinifera 'Askari') trees, in a completely randomized block design in a factorial combination with three replications. The results showed that catalase activity was lower in the samples treated with hydrogen cyanamide solution (1%) compared to the untreated buds during the second, third, and fourth sampling dates, and hydrogen peroxide accumulated in the buds during the same period. Putrescine concentration was increased more than 6 folds in hydrogen cyanamide treated (1%) samples during the bud dormancy release period compared to the first sampling date, while spermidine and spermine concentration showed a significant decrease (about 90% and 80% respectively). Hydrogen cyanamide treatment also resulted in increased total nitrogen concentration in buds due to a rise in amino acids' concentration (proline, glutamine, arginine, ornithine, and citrulline). In conclusion, the current findings showed that the hydrogen cyanamide application enhanced bud break by 7.78% and 6.67%, 20 and 30 days after hydrogen cyanamide solution spray application, respectively.
ChatGPT in Education: Global Reactions to AI Innovations
Authors: Fütterer Tim , Fischer Christian , Alekseeva Anastasiia , Chen Xiaobin , Tate Tamara , Warschauer Mark , Gerjets Peter
Published: May 2023

The release and rapid diffusion of ChatGPT have caught the attention of educators worldwide. Some educators are enthusiastic about its potential to support learning, others are concerned about how it might circumvent learning opportunities or contribute to misinformation. To better understand reactions about ChatGPT concerning education, we analyzed Twitter data (16,830,997 tweets from 5,541,457 users). Based on topic modeling and sentiment analysis, we provide an overview of global perceptions and reactions to ChatGPT regarding education. ChatGPT triggered a massive response on Twitter, with education being the most tweeted content topic. Topics ranged from specific (e.g., cheating) to broad (e.g., opportunities), which were discussed with mixed sentiment. We traced that authority decisions can influence public opinions and that the average reaction on Twitter differs from scientific discussions. This study provides insights into people's reactions when new groundbreaking technology is released and implications for scientific and policy communication in rapidly changing circumstances.
Evaluation of Heat Wave Predictability Skills of Numerical Weather Models
Authors: Akinbobola Ademola , Raji Ibraheem
Published: May 2023

Significant changes is being experienced in the climate system due to the unprecedented rate of global warming. This has resulted in the increased frequency of weather extreme events which such as heatwave occurrence in the northern Nigeria. In order to mitigate the effects of heatwaves, early warning systems are needed to be implemented. Insufficient knowledge about the performance of the models is partly a factor that hinders the development of such systems. This study thus, addresses the gap by assessing the predictability skills of sub-seasonal to seasonal numerical weather model over different time lead and as well improves the predictability skills through the incorporation of deep learning to bias correct the model output at a 30-day lead period. The Excess heat index (EHI) was used to detect heatwave occurrence over the study area, using both observational and forecast data from selected S2S models at 5 -, 7 -, 15 -, and 30 – days lead time. Metrics employed to evaluate the skills of the models are; the Anomaly corelation coefficient (ACC), Symmetric External Dependency Index (SEDI) with each evaluating different strength of the models. The result of the analysis shows that the three models considered in this research overestimates the heat wave frequency in the region. This results in reduced reliability of the models in the region. Further analyses shows that the use of deep learning to bias the model output increases the forecast reliability in the region significantly.
On some Σ0B -generalizations of counting principles over V0
Authors: Ken Eitetsu
Published: May 2023

We formalize various counting principles and compare their strengths over $V^{0}$.In particular, we conjecture the following mutual independences between:
・a uniform version of modular counting principles and the pigeonhole principle for injections,
・a version of Oddtown theorem and modular counting principles of modulus p, where p is any natural number which is not a power of 2,
・and a version of Fisher's inequality and modular counting principles.
Then we give sufficient conditions to prove them. We give a variation of the notion of PHP-tree and k-evaluation to show that any Frege proof of the pigeonhole principle for injections admitting the uniform counting principle as an axiom scheme cannot have o(n)-evaluations. As for the remaining two, we utilize well-known notions of p-tree and k-evaluation and reduce the problems to existence of certain families of polynomials witnessing violations of the corresponding combinatorial principles with low-degree Nullstellensatz proofs from the violation of the modular counting principle in concern.
Isolation of Vagococcus fluvialis from the Bile of a Patient with Chronic Cholecystitis: A Case Report
Authors: zhang dan , Wang Xiaosu , Yu Jingdan , Dai Zheng , Li Qichao , Zhang Litao
Published: May 2023

BackgroundVagococcus fluvialis is a rare Gram-positive bacterium that is mainly found in animals or animal products, with only a few cases reported in humans. However, it has been implicated in human infections, particularly Vagococcus fluvialis. In this study, the researchers isolated Vagococcus fluvialis from bile samples of a patient with chronic cholecystitis. This is the first report of Vagococcus fluvialis isolation from bile in the literature. To provide valuable clinical information, the researchers performed comprehensive identification and drug susceptibility testing using various methods.Case PresentationThe article presents the case of a 66-year-old female who had previously undergone subtotal gastrectomy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and was admitted with complaints of abdominal pain. Laboratory tests showed the presence of chronic cholecystitis. Bile samples were cultured and identified as Vagococcus fluvialis using biochemical and mass spectrometry methods, with a 16S rRNA homology of 99.66% with Vagococcus fluvialis in GenBank. The bacteria were found to be sensitive to most antimicrobial drugs, except for clindamycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Drug sensitivity testing using the disk diffusion and micro-broth dilution methods provided valuable clinical information for treatment.ConclusionVagococcus fluvialis, a motile bacterium that can cause human infections, was isolated from the bile of a patient with chronic cholecystitis. Drug sensitivity testing showed most antimicrobial drugs are effective against it except for clindamycin, erythromyin, and tetracycline. This study provides valuable clinical information, but further research is needed on its pathogenicity, epidemiology, and clinical significance.
Soil moisture regulates the response of soil respiration to long-term warming in a southern boreal forest
Authors: Reich Peter B , Liang Guopeng , Stefanski Artur , Eddy William , Bermudez Raimundo , Montgomery Rebecca , Hobbie Sarah , Rich Roy
Published: May 2023

The effects of long-term climate warming on soil respiration and its drivers remain unclear in forests, which store approximately 40% of global soil carbon (C). This uncertainty may hinder realistic predictions of the global C cycling feedbacks under future climate warming. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a long-term (13 years) climate change experiment, B4WarmED, at two southern boreal forest sites in northern Minnesota, USA. Treatments included simultaneous above- and belowground warming (ambient, + 1.7°C, and + 3.3°C) under different rainfall scenarios (100% and 60% of summer rainfall) and contrasting canopy conditions (open and closed). Across all treatments and years, soil respiration increased by 7% and 17% under + 1.7°C and + 3.3°C, respectively, compared to the ambient temperature plots. In all contexts (all warming levels, rainfall amounts, and canopy conditions), warming increased soil respiration more when soils were moist but less (or even decreased soil respiration) when soils were dry. Furthermore, these responses occurred regardless of whether soil moisture deficits were driven by low ambient rainfall, experimental rainfall reduction, canopy removal, or experimental warming. Our results suggest that factors affecting soil moisture should be accounted for when predicting or modeling the response of soil respiration to warming. Otherwise, warming effects on soil respiration, and thus the positive climate feedback, may be overestimated in forests that periodically experience low soil moisture, and especially those that will do so more frequently under future climate.
Needs and Expectations of Long-term Cancer Survivors
Authors: Zamudio Antonio , Romero-Arana Adolfo , Romero Adolfo , Camarero-Gómez Pilar , Rodríguez-Manjón Estefanía , Iglesias-Parra María Rosa
Published: May 2023

Cancer is an obvious social and world health issue. It is a social issue as its outreach affects not only mortality (it is the second cause of death in our environment) but also the costs due to morbility and distress it causes, as well as the losses and consequences in personal, family, work and even social areas. These issues require a multidisciplinary, complex approach. Luckily, more cancer patients get cured and there are more long-term cancer survivors every year. These survivors may require not well known health services, as the number of these patients has grown recently and their survival time is also longer. We are trying to find out the health needs of long-term cancer survivors and their perceptions and expectations of the care they received during their survival stage. To do so, we have designed a joint, cross-sectional descriptive study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. For the qualitative approach, we have used different focus groups representing different geographical areas of the Spanish territory. For the qualitative approach, we have used a validated questionnaire. The results obtained may offer a new perspective which could allow for a better planning of health services for these patients.
How does Soil Organic Matter affect Potato Productivity on Sandy Soil? Evidence from a Greenhouse Study
Authors: Rawal Ashmita , Lankau Richard A. , Ruark Matthew D.
Published: May 2023

Soil organic matter (SOM) can contribute to crop productivity through nutrient availability and soil improvement. However, SOM is typically low (< 2%) in the coarse-textured soils used for potato production. The potato cropping system is irrigated, frequently tilled, and fertilized causing potential nitrate leaching and contamination. The effect of varying levels of SOM on potato productivity in sandy soil is unclear. This study aimed to estimate the effect of varying SOM on potato productivity in sandy soils and to understand if nitrogen (N) mineralization was a primary mediator of this effect. Soil from nine fields in Wisconsin, USA (SOM range of 1.1 to 3.8%) were collected for a greenhouse study. Red Norland was the variety planted and vine, tuber, and total biomass and N uptake were measured. In-situ ion exchange resin strips and potentially mineralizable N (PMN) measured at harvest were used as proxies for N mineralization. We found that SOM had a positive effect on plant productivity. The effect was statistically significant for four productivity metrics (fresh matter whole biomass, dry matter vine biomass, and total N uptake in the vines and whole biomass) and marginally significant for four more. We found that N mineralization (as PMN) was a partial mediator of SOM effect on productivity doing a formal mediation test. Hence, it is likely that SOM improved plant productivity through mechanisms beyond just N acquisition by plants. Our results suggest future efforts should explore other mechanisms through which SOM can affect productivity.
Upfront neck dissection versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stage T1–3N3 hypopharyngeal carcinoma: A comparative study of clinical outcomes and predictive factors
Authors: Sakai Akihiro , Ebisumoto Koji , Iijima Hiroaki , Yamauchi Mayu , Teramura Takanobu , Yamazaki Aritomo , Watanabe Takane , Inagi Toshihide , Maki Daisuke , Fukuzawa Tsuyoshi , Okami Kenji
Published: May 2023

Purpose This study assessed the efficacy of upfront neck dissection (ND) versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients diagnosed with T1–3N3 hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC).Methods This retrospective study enrolled patients with T1–3N3 HPC who had undergone upfront ND followed by CRT (upfront group) or only CRT (CRT group). Local control rate, neck control rate, metastasis-free rate, disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and overall survival were compared between the upfront and CRT groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards models were performed to identify the survival-related clinical and systemic factors.Results Forty-eight patients were enrolled in this study, with 18 in upfront group and 30 in CRT group. The groups differed significantly in terms of neck control rate (p = 0.000121) and disease-free survival (p = 0.0256). The upfront CRT group showed a significantly better overall survival (OS) than that of the unresectable CRT group (p = 0.046). Among the various factors, node status, body mass index, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were significantly associated with OS in a univariate analysis.Conclusion Upfront ND can be recommended for T1–3N3 HPC, provided resectability is feasible.
Effect of HMB-FA Supplementation on Physiological Recovery Markers in Elite Wrestlers: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Tartibian Bakhtyar , Rezaei Bagher
Published: May 2023

β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate free acid (HMB-FA) has been reported to improve skeletal muscle recovery after high-intensity exercise and attenuate blood markers of skeletal muscle damage. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of HMB-FA supplementation on physiological recovery markers in elite wrestlers. Twenty elite healthy wrestlers (aged 19–26 years) were randomly assigned to Exercise + HMB-FA (EXE + S, n = 10) and Exercise + Placebo (EXE + P, n = 10) groups for a simulated wrestling protocol. Compared to the EXE + P group, the EXE + S group showed significant decreases in physiological recovery markers such as creatinine (Cr), 3-methylhistidine (3-MH), urinary 3-methylhistidine/creatinine ratio (3-MH/CR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK), with noticeable reductions (p < 0.05). Additionally, there were significantly reduce in cortisol, and significant enhancements in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1/cortisol ratio in the EXE + S group (p < 0.05). Finally, the perceived recovery status (PRS) as another physiological recovery marker in the EXE + P group was significantly reduced compared to the EXE + S group (p < 0.05), indicating a negative impact on recovery without HMB-FA supplementation. HMB-FA may attenuate muscle damage and improve recovery by modifying the cortisol, IGF-1, and IGF-1 / cortisol ratio and increase PRS in the simulated wrestling protocol.
Genetic Stability Analysis of the Temporary Immersion Bioreactor–Derived Sugarcane Seedlings with Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers
Authors: Saptari Rizka Tamania , Aksa Annisa Auliya , Setiawati Yuli , Riyadi Imron , Minarsih Hayati , Lindawati Sylvia , Prasetyo Muhammad Eko Riyo Bayu , Sinta Masna Maya , Sumaryono Sumaryono
Published: May 2023

Large-scale micropropagation of sugarcane using temporary immersion bioreactors (TIB) holds several advantages, such as produces high-yields, and lowers explants exposure to growth hormones in media which may affects the frequency of somaclonal variation (SV) in the micropropagated plants. In this study, simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis was conducted to determine the relative genetic stability of TIB-derived sugarcanes using 15 SSR markers (producing over 200 DNA fragments ranging from 150 to 4,000 bp in size). The genetic stability was calculated as the Jaccard’s similarity index of the SSR patterns of TIB-derived sugarcanes compared to their conventionally-propagated counterparts. The genetic stability varied between 92% to 96% in three Indonesian sugarcane varieties (PSKA 942, PS 094, and PS 091) which is relatively high considering the high cell mass multiplication in TIB (up to 30 multiplies). Morphological observations also revealed no difference between TIB-derived sugarcanes and their mother plants, convincing the true-to-type of micropropagation products. This study demonstrated the high relative genetic stability of TIB-derived sugarcanes, opening the possibility for large-scale commercial application for plantations.
Open-ended comments in SIC-Ex, an assessment tool for residents leading Serious Illness Conversations
Authors: Ko Jenny J , des Ordons Amanda Roze , Ballard Mark S , Shenkier Tamara , Simon Jessica , Fyles Gillian , Lefresne Shilo , Hawley Philippa , Chen Charlie , McKenzie Michael , Sanders Justin J , Bernacki Rachelle
Published: May 2023

Purpose The Serious Illness Conversation (SIC) has emerged as a framework for conversations with patients with a serious illness diagnosis. This study reports on narratives generated from open-ended questions of a novel assessment tool, the SIC-Evaluation Exercise (SIC-Ex), to assess resident-led conversations with patients in oncology outpatient clinics.Methods We developed the SIC-Ex based on the Ariadne SIC framework. Seven resident trainees and ten preceptors were recruited from three cancer centres. Each trainee conducted a SIC with a patient, which was videotaped. The preceptors watched the videos and evaluated each trainee using the novel SIC-Ex and the reference Calgary-Cambridge Guide (CCG) at months 0 and 3. Two independent coders used template analysis to code the preceptors’ free-text narrative comments and identify themes/subthemes.Results Template analysis yielded 6 themes: behavioural attributes mapped to SIC, those mapped to CCG, those overlapping between SIC and CCG, trainees’ demeanors, rater mis-classification of comments, and comments on SIC-Ex. Narrative comments explored numerous verbal and non-verbal components essential to SIC. Some comments applied to both SIC and CCG (e.g. setting agenda, introduction, planning, exploring, non-verbal communication), whereas others mapped specific to one (e.g. SIC - identifying substitute decision maker, affirming commitment, introducing advance care planning, engaging family; CCG – using open ended questions, avoiding explanations, flow, time management).Conclusion Narrative comments generated by SIC-Ex provided a detailed and nuanced insight into trainee's competency in SIC, beyond numerical ratings and general communication skills assessed by CCG; they should continue to be a part of assessment.
Dimensionality and item characteristics of the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) in Spanish patients undergoing prosthetic treatments
Authors: Salazar Jon , Rueda José Ramón , Ballesteros Javier
Published: May 2023

Background The 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is the scale most frequently used to assess domains of oral health-related quality of life in patients undergoing oral treatments. The scale has shown validity, internal reliability, and temporal stability, but a formal analysis of item characteristics is still lacking.Methods We recruited adult participants undergoing prosthetic treatments from two dental clinical centers in Spain. We administered the scale once to a cross-sectional sample of patients (n = 398), and we did a retest with a follow-up subsample of patients (n = 153). We evaluated the underlying dimensional structure of the scale with Mokken analysis and its item characteristics with the Graded Response Model. We assessed the sensitivity to change in the follow-up sample with both the within-group raw mean change and the within-group standardized mean change.Results The Mokken analysis suggests a unidimensional structure of the scale with all items but one presenting adequate scalability. The overall scalability (H = 0.42) corresponds to a medium scale able to order participants along the latent trait of oral health-related quality of life. Most items present adequate scalability, discrimination, and information indexes. The exceptions are two items of the functional limitation domain that show outlying values from the rest. The sensitivity to change is adequate and shows an increasing trend with time since the intervention.Conclusions In this study, the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile has shown appropriate psychometric characteristics at the item and overall scores level. It is unidimensional, allows to order patients on the construct of interest, and is sensitive to change.
Development and validation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related LncRNA signature as a novel prognosis model for LUAD
Authors: Yu Weijie , Miao Zhoulin , Ainiwaer Julaiti , Qiao Bingzhang , Jumai Kawuli , Sheyhidin Ilyar
Published: May 2023

Background Adenocarcinoma of the lung is the most common pathological subtype. This paper is to investigate the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum-related LncRNA and prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinomaMethod A total 295 ER stress-related genes are downloaded from the GSEA website and the TCGA website was obtained for TCGA-LUAD patient profiles and mutation data. Co-expression analysis, the univariate cox regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Cox regression was performed on significantly expressed LncRNAs. Next, a risk model was developed using multifactorial analysis to classify patients into different risk groups. Survival analysis and nomogram were also constructed and evaluated for patients in different groups. Finally, the tumor microenvironment and immune landscape were explored.Result 14 genes found to be strongly associated with patient prognosis. Risk score models were created and patients were grouped using risk score. Clinical variables and signature were also used to build the nomogram with perfect prediction function. The AUC value for 1,3,5 are respectively 0.739,0.734,0.753. The human immune response and Neutrophil extracellular trap formation are related to signature. Immune responses, immune cells, and immunological checkpoints were found to be considerably different. Last, We screened for sensitive drugs.Conclusion Collectively, we found that 14 ERS-related Lncrna signature was meaningful in predicting patient response to immunotherapy.
New Trends and Knowledge Domains in the Influence of Glutamine Metabolism on the Development of Diabetes From 2001 to 2022：A Scientometric Investigation and Visualization Study
Authors: Zhao Meina , Wang Kaiyan , Mu Fei , Lin Rui , Wang Jingwen
Published: May 2023

"Metabolism affects function" is the consensus of researchers at present. It has potential clinical application value to study the effects of regulating glutamine (Gln) metabolism on diabetes physiology or pathology. Our research aimed to summarize the latest research progress, frontier hot topics and future development trends in this field from the perspective of scientometrics. Relevant literature and reviews were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) between January 1, 2001 and May 31, 2022. An Online Analysis Platform of Bibliometrics (http://bibliometric.com/), CiteSpace, and VOS viewer software were used to generate visual knowledge network graphs, including publication countries, institutions and authors partnership analysis, co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis, as well as citations and keywords burst detection to acquire research trends and hotspots. Our results show that a total of 945 publications in the WoSCC database met the analysis requirements, with articles being the main type. The overall characteristics showed an increasing trend in the number of publications and citations. The United States was leading the way in this research and was a hub for aggregating collaborations across countries. Vanderbilt University delivered high-quality impact with the most published articles. DeBerardinis. RJ in this field was the most representative author and his main research contents were Gln metabolism and mitochondrial glutaminolysis. Significantly, there was a relative lack of collaboration between institutions and authors. In addition, "type 2 diabetes", "glutamine", "metabolism", "gene expression" and "metabolomics" were the keywords categories with high frequency in co-citation references and co-occurrence cluster keywords. Analysis of popular keywords burst detection showed that "branched chain", "oxidative phosphorylation", "kinase", "insulin sensitivity", "tca cycle", "magnetic resonance spectroscopy" and "flux analysis" were new research directions and emerging methods to explore the link between Gln metabolism and diabetes. Overall, Exploring Gln metabolism showed a gradual upward trend in the field of diabetes. This comprehensive scientometric study identified the general outlook for the field and provided valuable guidance for ongoing research. Strategies to regulate Gln metabolism hold promise as a novel target to treat diabetes, as well as integration and intersection of multidisciplinary provides cooperation strategies and technical guarantees for the development of this field.
Initial non-adherence to lipid-lowering medication: a systematic literature review
Authors: Cooke Catherine E. , Robertson Teisha
Published: May 2023

Background: The impact on cardiovascular health is lost when a patient does not obtain a newly prescribed lipid-lowering medication, a situation termed “initial medication nonadherence” (IMN). This research summarizes the published evidence on the prevalence, associated factors, consequences, and solutions for IMN to prescribed lipid-lowering medication in the United States.
Methods: A systematic literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar, along with screening citations of systematic reviews, identified articles published from 2010 to 2021. Studies reporting results of IMN to lipid-lowering medications were included. Studies that evaluated non-adult or non-US populations, used weaker study designs (e.g., case series), or were not written in English were excluded.
Results: There were 19 articles/18 studies that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Estimates of the prevalence of IMN to newly prescribed lipid-lowering medications ranged from 10% to 18.2% of patients and 1.4% to 43.8% of prescriptions (n=9 studies). Three studies reported demographic and clinical characteristics associated with IMN and four studies described patient-reported reasons for IMN, including preference for lifestyle modifications, lack of perceived need, and side effect concerns. Four intervention studies reported mixed results with automated calls, live calls, or letters. One study reported worse clinical outcomes in patients with IMN: higher levels of low-density lipoprotein and greater risk of emergency department visits.
Conclusions: Up to one-fifth of patients fail to obtain a newly prescribed lipid-lowering medication but there is limited information about the clinical consequences. Future research should assess outcomes and determine cost-effective approaches to address IMN to lipid-lowering therapy.
End-to-End Training of VAE-GAN Network for Text Detection
Authors: Naveen Palanichamy
Published: May 2023

Scene text detection is challenging due to variations in text appearance, backgrounds, and orientations. It is necessary to improve robustness, accuracy, and efficiency for applications like OCR, image understanding, and autonomous vehicles. The combination of Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Network Variational Autoencoder (VAE) has the potential to create a more robust and powerful text detection network. The proposed network comprises three modules: the VAE module, the GAN module, and the text detection module. The VAE module generates diverse and variable text regions, while the GAN module refines and enhances these regions to make them more realistic and accurate. The text detection module is responsible for detecting text regions in the input image and assigning a confidence score to each region. During training, the entire network is trained end-to-end to minimize a joint loss function, which includes the VAE loss, the GAN loss, and the text detection loss. The VAE loss ensures that the generated text regions are diverse and variable, while the GAN loss ensures that the generated text regions are realistic and accurate. The text detection loss guarantees that the network can detect text regions in the input image with high accuracy. The proposed method employs an encoder-decoder structure in the VAE module and a generator-discriminator structure in the GAN module. The generated text regions are refined and enhanced by the GAN module to produce more accurate results. The text detection module then identifies the text regions with high confidence scores. The proposed network is tested on several datasets, including Total-Text, CTW1500, ICDAR 2015, ICDAR 2017, ReCTS, TD500, COCO-Text, SynthText, Street View Text, and KIAST Scene Text and achieved promising results.