bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semantic features of the dialect vocabulary of the olonkho ‘Дуолан Баай Тойон, Арҕас Баай Хотун’ by M. E. Novikov – Melekh Mekheele
Authors: Nikolaev Egor Revolievic
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the dialect composition of the vocabulary of the Yakut epic olonkho. The semantic features of dialect words are described, which are largely due to local storytelling traditions and the correlation of the storytelling lexicon with the subdialects of the Yakut language. The aim of the study is to describe the semantic features of dialect words that are used in the olonkho ‘Дуолан Баай Тойон, Арҕас Баай Хотун’ by the Amga storyteller M. E. Novikov – Melekh Mekheele. The study is novel in that it is the first to consider the semantic features of the olonkho vocabulary in terms of identifying dialect features. As a result, it was found that the olonkho dialect vocabulary is a representative of the central dialect zone of the Yakut language. It was determined that the dialect vocabulary in the epic text is used when describing the surrounding objective world, the external features of a character. Mongolian, Tungusic lexical parallels were revealed. The linguistic source of borrowing of some words was clarified: хойук ‘boat’ – a Turkism, таҥса харыйа ‘cedar’ – an Evenkism. The analysis carried out showed that the dialect part of the olonkho vocabulary has a stable character. The presence of dialect words in the Yakut epic indicates the degree of their importance in the folklore tradition of the Yakuts.
Modern Pashto – linguistic situation and the extent of study: Theoretical review
Authors: Aail Noor Ahmad , Androsova Svetlana Viktorovna
Published: July 2024

The paper aims to present a review of modern linguistic situation with Pashto and the progress in examining the Ghilji dialect phonetic level based on previous studies of the researchers from different countries. The focus is on problematic aspects and contradictions related to the manifestation of the nine factors of language viability proposed by UNESCO. This is the first attempt to perform the assessment based on these factors. As a result, a number of tendencies working in opposite directions were demonstrated: increased status, successful implementation of standards, wide use in computer and Internet technologies vs huge dialect variance and the possibility of attrition of the mother language and the native dialect; long history of the writing system vs its dialect and even individual variance accompanied by complicated relations between orthography and phonology. High dialect fragmentation was found to result in variance of phonemic models of words including differences in vowels, consonants and the number of phonemes in one word used in different dialects. Phonetic data on the Alsatian dialect are practically not presented, which makes it imperative to accumulate and systematize acoustic information on this dialect.
Transcoding of an informative map of textual landscape models in Ch. Bronte’s Jane Eyre in English and Russian
Authors: Ogneva Elena Anatolievna , Pupynina Viktoria Dmitrievna
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify trends in cross-cultural recoding of the architectonics of textual landscape models in Bronte’s “Jane Eyre” by means of translation transfer. The scientific novelty of the research consists in: replenishing the thesaurus of text linguistics with the new term “informative map of textual landscape models”, identifying trends in cross-cultural translation transfer of the informative map of textual landscape models in Ch. Bronte’s “Jane Eyre” by means of the Russian language, the development of an algorithm for the study of the translation transfer of the landscape segment of literary text for revealing trends in cross-cultural transcoding of textual landscape models. As a result of the conducted research, it is shown that the compilation of a map of landscape models as an informative matrix of the architecture of the landscape segment of the novel contributes to the visualization of the author’s text construction, which, combined with the use of code formulas of landscape units as part of landscape models, provides a new interpretative approach to cross-cultural transcoding of the original text by means of the translation language. The development and implementation of an algorithm for the study of the translation transfer of the landscape segment of literary text helps to identify trends in cross-cultural transcoding of text landscape models in Ch. Bronte’s “Jane Eyre” in Russian.
Skin care for toxic shock syndrome: case report
Authors: Farias Paola Viana Souza , Gotelip Diego Aprigio Garcia , Borges Ilana Macedo Rodrigues , Brum John Wesley Mota , Morlin Michelle
Published: July 2024

Objective: Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a severe multisystemic condition caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, and initial management of skin lesions is essential for infection control. This article aimed to describe skin care for TSS. Case report: We report a man with a hip abscess who developed fever and hypotension and was subsequently transferred to an intensive care unit (ICU). He was diagnosed with septic shock, probably of hip origin, and was immediately treated surgically for local infection control. He presented with renal failure besides multiple organ dysfunction (hepatic and cardiac), hemodynamic instability, and disseminated skin lesions. With the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus, clindamycin was initiated, and the diagnosis was TSS due to epidermolytic lesions since the onset of the condition. Cutaneous recovery measures were initiated with silver sulfadiazine, followed by silver hydrofiber with skin recovery in 8 days. After 10 days of skin recovery, the patient was discharged from the ICU to the ward with maintenance of the proposed treatment. Conclusion: In this case, the use of hydrofiber showed satisfactory performance; however, robust studies are needed to confirm such efficacy.
Tratamento de infecções localizadas em feridas de difícil cicatrização: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Maria de , Castro Larissa Carvalho de , Lucena Olga Luísa , Cortez Daniel Nogueira , Dantas Sônia Regina Perez Evangelista , Moraes Juliano Teixeira
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Identificar a produção de conhecimento sobre o tratamento de infecções localizadas em feridas de difícil cicatrização. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Base de Dados de Enfermagem, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science, Biblioteca Cochrane, Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e Public Medline. Os artigos selecionados não possuem limite temporal. Os estudos foram exportados para o aplicativo Rayyan e submetidos à avaliação duplo-cega por meio da leitura do título e do resumo, com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. As informações foram analisadas e sintetizadas de acordo com o nível de evidência. Resultados: Foram analisadas 19 publicações em sua totalidade. Obteve-se como evidências acerca do tema a higienização da ferida, a limpeza com ácido acético 1%, a identificação e o tratamento de biofilmes, o uso de coberturas e as soluções com ação antimicrobiana. Conclusão: A infecção localizada de feridas tem sido objeto de várias pesquisas e as práticas recomendadas referem-se a tratamentos tópicos.
KAMPUNG JAWA TONDANO DALAM PERSPEKTIF ARKEOLOGI RUANG
Authors: Putri Anindya Puspita , Pratama Henki Riko
Published: July 2024

Abstract : The interaction between humans and the environment creates a cultural landscape which is a concrete manifestation of human adaptation to the environment. This research discusses Kampung Jawa Tondano in the scope of spatial archeology. Kampung Jawa Tondano is a famous historical settlement in Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi. This village was founded by Kiai Mojo and his followers when they were exiled in Tondano. This research aims to look at the spatial dynamics and cultural continuity of Kampung Jawa Tondano from a spatial archaeological perspective. Most villages in Indonesia are created from cultural patterns. The character of a village based on Muslim residents and becoming a center for spreading religion is called an Islamic Village or Kauman. Kauman is not applied in the Kampung Jawa Tondano, the term kauman does not appear in the spatial expression in this village. The condition of exile status of minority community groups in Kampung Jawa Tondano is certainly a reason for not emphasizing religious aspects compared to tribal identity. Other components of the settlement in Kampung Jawa Tondano that have a relationship with Islamic and Javanese culture are the Al-Falah Mosque building and the Kiai Mojo Complex Tomb. The mosque building adopts the concept of a traditional Javanese mosque building. The placement of the Kiai Mojo Complex Tomb on a hill is evidence of the continuity of Javanese culture.Key Words : Settlement, Spatial Archaeology, Kampung Jawa Tondano, CultureAbstrak : Interaksi antara manusia dengan lingkungan menciptakan bentang budaya (cultural landscape) yang merupakan kenampakan konkrit dari hasil adaptasi manusia terhadap lingkungan. Kajian ini membahas tentang Kampung Jawa Tondano dalam lingkup arkeologi ruang. Kampung Jawa Tondano merupakan permukiman bersejarah yang terkenal di Kabupaten Minahasa, Sulawesi Utara. Kampung ini didirikan oleh Kiai Mojo dan pengikutnya ketika diasingkan di Tondano. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat dinamika keruangan dan kesinambungan budaya Kampung Jawa Tondano dalam perspektif arkeologi ruang. Kebanyakan kampung di Indonesia tercipta dari corak budaya. Karakter kampung yang didasari oleh penduduk beragama Islam dan menjadi pusat penyebaran agama disebut sebagai Kampung Islam atau Kampung Kauman. Penyebutan nama Kampung Kauman tidak diterapkan di Kampung Jawa Tondano, sebutan kauman tidak tampak dalam ekspresi ruang di kampung ini. Kondisi status pengasingan dari kelompok masyarakat minoritas di Kampung Jawa Tondano tentunya menjadi alasan untuk tidak menonjolkan aspek religi dibandingkan identitas kesukuan. Komponen permukiman lainnya di Kampung Jawa Tondano yang memiliki relasi dengan budaya Islam dan Jawa adalah bangunan Masjid Al-Falah dan Kompleks Makam Kiai Mojo dan pengikutnya. Bangunan masjid mengadopsi konsep bangunan masjid tradisional Jawa. Penempatan Kompleks Makam Kiai Mojo dan pengikutnya di atas bukit merupakan bukti adanya kesinambungan budaya Jawa. Kata Kunci : Permukiman, Arkeologi Ruang, Kampung Jawa Tondano, Budaya
Analisa Faktor Determinan Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Beli Bakery Pada Masyarakat Jabodetabek
Authors: Nurhasanah Saniatun , Ardianti Sinta
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor determinan yang mempengaruhi minat beli bakery masyarakat Jabodetabek. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisa structural Equation Modeling (SEM), pengelolaan data dan uji dalam penelitian ini menggunakan SMART-PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel harga, kesadaran halal, dan kuliatas produk menunjukan pengaruh positif signifkan terhadap minat beli. Adapun variabel religiusitas dan label halal tidak menujukan pengaruh langsung terhadap minat beli. Variabel religiusitas berpengaruh terhadap minat beli dengan variabel kesadaran sebagai varaibel intermediasi. Sementara variabel label menunjukan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui harga. Selain itu, variabel kualitas produk juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap citra merek produk, sedangkan citra merek tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat beli.
Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Menstruation in Vaccinated Women: A Monocentric Retrospective Study
Authors: Su Ruide , Lin Jiahui , Duan Huanxin , Wang Wenrong , An Jian
Published: July 2024

Background: Many studies have reported irregular menstruation in women of childbearing age after vaccination or infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, no studies have discussed the changes in menstrual patterns after reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on menstruation in vaccinated and unvaccinated women of reproductive age. Methods: This retrospective study analysed the menstrual data of 241 women of childbearing age. Between December 8th, 2022 and February 11th, 2023, 201 participants were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection (observation group), while 40 remained uninfected (control group). The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to assess menstrual irregularities among the participants. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing menstrual patterns. Results: Among the 241 women who completed the survey, approximately one-third experienced changes in their menstrual patterns, including a shortened cycle (30.3%), a prolonged duration (13%), a decreased volume (24.9%), and increased dysmenorrhea (9.9%). Over half of the infected women did not experience any changes in their menstrual pattern. Only changes in the menstrual volume were statistically significant (p = 0.003). Logistic regression revealed that vaccination may be a protective factor against changes in the menstrual cycle (p = 0.036, odds ratio (OR) = 0.703, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.506–0.977) and volume (p = 0.032, OR = 0.700, 95% CI: 0.505–0.969) after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection did not appear to affect menstruation in vaccinated women. There were no significant changes in menstrual patterns except for menstrual cycle in women infected with SARS-CoV-2 after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. In addition, vaccination seems to be a protective factor against changes in the menstrual cycle and volume after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Risk Factors for Endometrial Cancer in the World: A Narrative Review of the Recent Literature
Authors: Salehiniya Hamid , Allahqoli Leila , Momenimovahed Zohre
Published: July 2024

Objective: Endometrial cancer is the sixth most common cancer in women. Extensive studies have been conducted around the world to determine the risk factors of endometrial cancer. Although each of these studies provides useful findings, review studies provide a clear view of the different aspects of a phenomenon. Therefore, this review study was conducted to determine the risk factors of endometrial cancer in the world. Mechanism: A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline, Web of Science Core Collection (Indexes = SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI Timespan), and Scopus databases with the keywords; “endometrial cancer”, “endometrial carcinoma”, “endometrial neoplasm”, “risk factor” and a combination of these words to find quality articles published from 2000 to 2024. Findings in brief: According to the literature, demographic factors, reproductive factors, gynecological factors, hormonal factors, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, and drugs can contribute to endometrial cancer. The study findings indicated that higher parity, oral contraceptive use, and regular physical activity may reduce the risk of developing endometrial cancer. Conversely, advanced age, prolonged reproductive period, infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome, postmenopausal hormone therapy, obesity, alcohol consumption, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes are associated with an increased susceptibility to this type of cancer. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that reproductive factors such as early menarche, late menopause, nulliparity, and infertility increase the risk of endometrial cancer. Evidence shows that obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes play a role in the occurrence of endometrial cancer. Although the use of menopausal hormone therapy increases the risk of endometrial cancer, the use of combined oral contraceptives is associated with a reduced risk.
Neuronal CBP-1 is Required for Enhanced Body Muscle Proteostasis in Response to Reduced Translation Downstream of mTOR
Authors: Snow Santina , Ahmad Mir Dilawar , Ma Zhengxin , Horrocks Jordan , Cox Matthew , Ruzga Marissa , Sayed Hussein , Rogers Aric N.
Published: July 2024

Background: The ability to maintain muscle function decreases with age and loss of proteostatic function. Diet, drugs, and genetic interventions that restrict nutrients or nutrient signaling help preserve long-term muscle function and slow age-related decline. Previously, it was shown that attenuating protein synthesis downstream of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) gradually increases expression of heat shock response (HSR) genes in a manner that correlates with increased resilience to protein unfolding stress. Here, we investigate the role of specific tissues in mediating the cytoprotective effects of low translation. Methods: This study uses genetic tools (transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), RNA interference and gene expression analysis) as well as physiological assays (survival and paralysis assays) in order to better understand how specific tissues contribute to adaptive changes involving cellular cross-talk that enhance proteostasis under low translation conditions. Results: We use the C. elegans system to show that lowering translation in neurons or the germline increases heat shock gene expression and survival under conditions of heat stress. In addition, we find that low translation in these tissues protects motility in a body muscle-specific model of proteotoxicity that results in paralysis. Low translation in neurons or germline also results in increased expression of certain muscle regulatory and structural genes, reversing reduced expression normally observed with aging in C. elegans. Enhanced resilience to protein unfolding stress requires neuronal expression of cbp-1. Conclusions: Low translation in either neurons or the germline orchestrate protective adaptation in other tissues, including body muscle.
LARP7 Contributes to Glucose-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction, Apoptosis and Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Degradation of STING
Authors: Sun Jingjing , Wang Ziming , Duan Yixuan , Liu Chang , Zhao Sihai , Deng Jie
Published: July 2024

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenesis of DCM and to identify potential therapeutic targets. Methods: A mouse model of type 1 DCM was constructed by continuous intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Systolic and diastolic functions were measured by ultrasound. The expression of La-related protein 7 (LARP7), the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and light chain 3 (LC3) in myocardial tissue was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes (NMVCMs) were isolated and cultured. An in vitro type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) model was established by treatment with high glucose. Knockdown/overexpression of LARP7 and STING was achieved by adenovirus transduction, C-176 (a potent covalent inhibitor of STING), and plasmid transfection. The expression, activation, and localization of STING and LARP7 in cardiomyocytes was evaluated, as well as the interaction between the two. The effect of this interaction on the STING-dependent autophagy‒lysosomal pathway was also explored. In addition, the fibrosis and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were evaluated. Results: High glucose was found to increase the expression and activation of STING and LARP7 in mouse myocardial tissue. This was accompanied by myocardial fibrosis, impaired autophagy degradation function and impaired cardiac function. These findings were further confirmed by in vitro experiments. High glucose caused LARP7 to translocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it interacted with accumulated STING to inhibit its degradation. Inhibition of STING or LARP7 expression significantly improved myocardial injury induced by high glucose. Conclusions: Targeted inhibition of LARP7 or STING expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DCM.
EKSPLORASI DAN UJI PATOGENESITAS Beauveria bassiana TERHADAP ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura F.)
Authors: Ningrum Retno Widya , Noni Rahmadhini  , Windriyanti Wiwin
Published: July 2024

Ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura) merupakan hama polifag yang mampu menyerang berbagai macam tanaman inang. S.litura mempunyai tipe mulut penggigit pengunyah dan fase yang paling menyebaban kerusakan ialah instar 2, jika tidakdilakukan pengendalian maka S. litura mampu menyebabkan kerusakan hingga 80 % atau menyebabkan gagal panen.Pengendalian S. litura masih mengandalkan pestisida kimia hal ini mampu memberikan efek negatif dalam jangkapanjang sehingga diperlukan pengendalian alternatif. Beauveria bassiana merupakan jamur entomopatogen yangterdapat di tanah dan telah diteliti mampu mengendalikan berbagai jenis serangga hampir semua stadium serangga,termasuk larva dan imago. B. bassiana membentuk miselia dan konidia (spora) berwarna putih yang mengandung toksinterhadap serangga target hanya pada rentang ketika yang cukup berkisar 3-5 hari setelah infeksi. Tujuan dilaksanakanpenelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas jamur B. bassiana dalam mengendalikan S. litura. Metode yang digunakanberupa tingkat kerapatan spora 106, 107, 108 konidia/ml dan jenis isolat B1 (asal isolat dari Pacet) dan B2 (asal isolat dariTrawas), sementara parameter pengamatan berupa tingkat mortalitas dan laju daya makan. Hasil yang diperoleh berupaperlakuan isolat B1 pada kerapatan spora 108 konidia/ml mampu menyebabkan mortalitas tertinggi sebesar 80 %sementara laju daya makan perlakuan isolat B1 dengan kerapatan spora 108 konidia/ml mampu menurunkan nafsu makanpaling efektif S. litura.
Kata kunci: entomopatogen, Beauveria bassiana, Spodoptera litura, mortalitas
The Rising Tide of Non-Communicable Diseases in Bangladesh: The Role of Lifestyle Changes
Authors: Ahmed Faisal
Published: July 2024

The rising prevalence of NCDs in Bangladesh is a multifaceted issue driven by lifestyle changes, urbanization, and inadequate healthcare infrastructure. Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive approach that includes public health interventions, healthcare system strengthening, and community engagement. By prioritizing the prevention and management of NCDs, Bangladesh can improve the health and well-being of its population and mitigate the economic burden associated with chronic diseases.
Psychological Importance of Collecting Video Evidence in Handling Cases Related to Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Rajapakse Rakhitha
Published: July 2024

This article explains the psychological importance of decision making based on video evidence in handling SGBV cases involving child and adolescent victims. It discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the methods used at present while examining policies from various countries, including Europe, Australia, United States and several Asian nations, and proposes adjustments to ensure ethical and child-friendly practices. The article emphasizes the need for trauma-informed approaches, developmental considerations, and stringent ethical standards in forensic and legal psychology. Supporting these arguments are research findings, case studies, and empirical evidence highlighting the critical role of video evidence in enhancing memory recall, reducing psychological trauma, and supporting legal outcomes.
Rise of the Most Excellent Scholar, Demise of the Field: A Fictional Story, Yet Probable Destiny
Authors: Orhan Mehmet A. , Bal P. Matthijs , van Rossenberg Yvonne
Published: July 2024

This article presents a fictional narrative about Professor Sackker, the solitary researcher in the field of Sackker Studies, once known as Management and Organizational Studies. Despite its absurdity, the story portrays Sackker’s dominance, marked by his inevitable rise with record-breaking publications and citations, stifling competition, and leaving him as the ultimate winner and ruler. Through personal reflections, his story explores his career strategies, provides insights into his success, and explains how he shaped, transformed, and eventually (but unwittingly) destroyed the field. This narrative, though fictional, mirrors real concerns in today’s reality: growing inequalities, the dominance of elite scholars, and erosion of meaning in academic careers as a function of hyper-competition. We examine the prevalence of systemic issues plaguing academia. Despite challenges, the article also aims to inspire hope. By illuminating these problems and integrating them into scholarly discussions, there lies an opportunity for change, empowering the next generation of academics.
Systematic exploration of task-based functional connectivity analyses for infant fNIRS data: Toward single trial measures of connectivity
Authors: Fiske Abigail , Emberson Lauren
Published: July 2024

Significance: There is increasing interest in task-based functional connectivity analyses to examine the emergence of functional networks during specific cognitive states starting early in development (e.g., infancy). Studies must be carefully designed to collect sufficient high-quality neuroimaging data, while remaining sensitive to infants’ developing motor and cognitive abilities. This presents challenges in task design and limits suitable task-based functional connectivity analysis techniques for infant data.Aim: This study aims to expand the established analysis approaches for infant functional connectivity studies through re-analysis of an existing dataset with a recognised signature of task-based functional connectivity. We assess the feasibility of moving away from analyses that require several contiguous trials for each condition, a highly unusual feature of task-based fNIRS datasets.Approach: Background functional connectivity analyses utilise the residual neural response (i.e., what remains after removing task-evoked responses) to examine task-based functional connectivity that occurs in the “background”. We systematically examine the viability of three analytic approaches – downsampling, shuffling and individual trial – to push the boundaries of background functional connectivity analyses for infant fNIRS data.Results: Downsampling was informative about the number of trials needed for well-powered analyses and the timing of the functional connectivity effect. Removing trials from the start of the block was not viable, but this approach was viable when trials were removed from the end. The shuffling approach, which randomly reorders trial-level residuals within conditions, was not viable. Results indicated that BGFC analyses could be applied at the single trial level, however, averaging trial-level residuals before performing the correlational analyses was the more viable approach.Conclusions: This systematic exploration indicates that downsampling (from the end) and single trial connectivity are viable BGFC analysis approaches. Results will benefit the field by informing task-design decisions and increasing the accessibility of BGFC analyses for infant task-based functional connectivity studies.
Evaluating the role of age on speech-in-noise perception based primarily on temporal envelope information
Authors: Regev Jonathan , Oxenham Andrew , Relaño-Iborra Helia , Zaar Johannes , Dau Torsten
Published: July 2024

Acoustic amplitude modulation (AM) patterns carry important information, particularly in speech. AM masking, influenced by frequency selectivity in the modulation domain, is considered a crucial factor for speech intelligibility in noisy environments. Based on recent evidence suggesting an age-related decline in AM frequency selectivity, this study investigated whether increased AM masking in older listeners is associated with reduced speech intelligibility. Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were measured using tone-vocoded speech and maskers with no modulation, broadband AM, or narrowband AM at varying modulation frequencies. AM masked thresholds were assessed for a 4-Hz target modulation frequency. The study included young (N=14, 19-25 years) and older (N=14, 57-79 years) listeners with normal hearing. It was hypothesized that SRTs would be higher for the older group with modulated maskers and that the age-related increase in SRT would depend on the masker’s modulation frequency content. The speech intelligibility results showed that maskers with broadband AM produced higher SRTs than unmodulated maskers. However, SRTs varied little with masker-modulation center frequency across the range tested (2-32 Hz). While older listeners exhibited reduced AM frequency selectivity compared to young listeners, they did not consistently exhibit higher SRTs than their young counterparts across maskers. However, there was a trend for the effect of age to be greater for maskers with broadband AM than for unmodulated maskers. Overall, despite supportive trends, the results do not conclusively demonstrate that older listeners are more susceptible than young listeners to AM masking of speech.
Efek Lama Penyimpanan dengan Menggunakan Kemasan Coating Berbahan Dasar Karagenan terhadap Kualitas Interior Telur Itik
Authors: Abidin Syauqi Muzakki , Fahrullah Fahrullah
Published: July 2024

An edible coating is a thin layer of consumable material used to coat food as a barrier to mass transfer. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of storage duration using carrageenan-based packaging coating on the interior quality of duck eggs. The variables measured were the interior quality of duck eggs, including air voids, yolk index, albumen index, and haugh units. This study employed a completely randomised design (CRD) with a unidirectional pattern. The length of storage was employed as the treatment, with the following categories: P1 (0 days), P2 (5 days), P3 (10 days), and P4 (15 days). The data generated was then analysed using analysis of variance, and if a difference was identified, it would be continued with the Duncan test. The findings indicated that the duration of storage in carrageenan-based coating packaging had no discernible impact (P > 0.05) on the air cavity and albumen index, but did exert a notable influence (P < 0.05) on the yolk index and haugh unit. Consequently, the utilisation of carrageenan as a base material for coating in duck eggs has been demonstrated to be an efficacious approach to maintaining egg quality. Furthermore, it can be employed as a viable alternative in egg preservation efforts, as it does not result in a significant deterioration of the internal quality of the egg.Edible coating merupakan suatu lapisan tipis yang terbuat dari bahan yang dapat dikonsumsi, yang digunakan untuk melapisi makanan agar berfungsi sebagai penghalang terhadap perpindahan massa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak dari lama penyimpanan dengan menggunakan kemasan coating berbahan dasar karagenan terhadap kualitas interior telur itik. Variabel yang diukur adalah kualitas interior telur itik, termasuk rongga udara, indeks yolk, indeks albumen, dan haugh unit. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan pola searah, dengan lama penyimpanan sebagai perlakuan, yaitu P1 (0 hari), P2 (5 hari), P3 (10 hari), dan P4 (15 hari). Data yang dihasilkan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians, dan jika terdapat perbedaan, akan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama penyimpanan menggunakan kemasan coating berbahan dasar karagenan tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan (P>0,05) terhadap rongga udara dan indeks albumen, namun berpengaruh secara signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap indeks yolk dan haugh unit. Dengan demikian, penggunaan karagenan sebagai bahan dasar pelapisan pada telur itik telah terbukti efektif dalam menjaga kualitas telur, dan dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif dalam upaya pengawetan telur karena tidak menyebabkan penurunan signifikan dalam kualitas interior telur.
Federalizzazione dell’Italia: the transition of Italian political system through the lenses of constructivist institutionalism
Authors: Mir Yunis
Published: July 2024

Italy is a state, standing at the crossroads of federalisation. This article traces the ideational and practical application of the federalisation process in Italy, from the lenses of the constructivist institutional theory by Colin Hay and with the application of process-tracing methodology. The research is concentred on the critical junctures and the ideas behind each stage of federalisation since the Tangentopoli crisis of the 1990s. The research findings demonstrate that, firstly, federalisation in Italy is an elite-driven process, where the politicians’ interpretation of Italian federalism affects the outcome of institutional change. Secondly, federalism is a politicised idea, which Italian society and political elite interpret as “the tool for efficient governance” or “the remedy for corruption”. Thirdly, federalism is a supplementary topic in the Italian discourse, which yields ideas connected with economic, social, and political reforms. However, federalism can be used to reinforce the policies from these three layers.
Analysing the ICJ’s advisory opinion on Kosovo's independence: a multilateral perspective
Authors: Qerimi Islam , Uka Albulena
Published: July 2024

This article scrutinises the International Court of Justice’s advisory opinion on Kosovo’s independence declaration, exploring submissions from Serbia, Kosovo, and key stakeholders like the USA, United Kingdom, Russia, Germany, Spain, and France. The authors delve into legal arguments regarding Kosovo’s secession, emphasising state sovereignty versus self-determination. By dissecting the ICJ’s decision and legal principles invoked, they shed light on complex international law dynamics related to geopolitical conflicts over statehood and self-determination. By synthesising analysed perspectives, the article offers insights into the intricate legal and geopolitical dynamics surrounding Kosovo’s independence and contributes to the broader discourse on self-determination and statehood in international law. Ultimately, this research can be a valuable resource for policymakers, scholars, and practitioners interested in the questions of sovereignty, self-determination, and the application of international law in contemporary conflicts.
At a loss for words: A qualitative exploration of female genital knowledge among obstetrics and gynecology patients
Authors: Roebotham Taylor , MacKenzie Colleen , Taylor Taryn
Published: July 2024

Patient health literacy, including basic anatomy knowledge, leads to improved communication and better health outcomes. Limited empirical data suggests that external genital anatomy may represent a particular knowledge gap. To inform future health literacy improvement efforts, we explored patient perspectives about how gynecologic anatomical literacy is generated and applied. Twenty semi-structured interviews with obstetrics and gynecology patients at a tertiary care centre were conducted to explore their knowledge of female genital anatomy and the origins of that knowledge. Thematic analysis was performed comparatively and iteratively, informed by principles of constructivist grounded theory. Participants highlighted an overwhelming lack of health education and high levels of internalized shame, leaving them ill-equipped to engage in conversations about their genitalia with healthcare providers. To combat this, participants attempted to construct knowledge for themselves; however, many grappled to identify reliable sources of information and felt uncertainty when communicating about their bodies. These findings contribute to an ongoing conversation about how an avoidance of naming may perpetuate the passivity and embarrassment that women experience regarding their reproductive health. Healthcare providers are well-situated to improve patient self-perception by using purposeful language and working to address both patient knowledge and activation.
“It’s not just some cookie cutter that you have to fit into”: A qualitative study of immigrant women and girls’ needs, experiences, and barriers to sexual and reproductive health education in Canada
Authors: Rukh-E-Qamar Hani , Kakish Isabella , Dumitrache Ana-Maria , Khan Rehma , Yang Crystal C. , Phung Naomi , Aiyer Harini P. , Al-Leswas Saba , Erdogan Yasemin , Ranade Roma , Djigo Marianne , Kholina Ksenia
Published: July 2024

Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education is important for all individuals. Immigrant women and girls frequently experience barriers to accessing SRH services and encounter discrimination in educational settings. Thus, it is critical to evaluate if the needs of immigrant women and girls are met with the current SRH education. In this study, three focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with immigrant women ( n = 10) living across Canada, with the goal of identifying key barriers and areas of improvement for the SRH curriculum. Our FGDs revealed four main themes: (1) barriers to accessing SRH education, (2) limitations of mainstream SRH, (3) alternative means of accessing SRH information, and (4) features of more inclusive SRH education. Main barriers to effective and inclusive SRH education in this group included language and cultural aspects. Moreover, the current Canadian SRH curriculum was experienced by participants as Western-centric, heteronormative, and disconnected from other aspects of health and wellness. Participants emphasized the need for consideration of safety and accessibility when creating educational spaces and resources. We recommend that our findings be used by the respective Minister of Education in each province of Canada, in order to improve Canadian SRH educational programmes and to better meet the needs of diverse populations.
Women’s Autonomy in Maternal Healthcare Decision-Making in Urban Ghana
Authors: Khalid Andaratu Achuliwor , Irahola Dennis Lucy Avilés , Salifu Adam
Published: July 2024

Enhancing women’s decision-making autonomy in developing countries constitutes one of the recognised approaches to improving maternal healthcare service utilisation. The inability of women to make decisions about their health, the lack of universal health insurance, and inadequate health facilities are contributing factors to high maternal mortality rates in many countries in the developing world. This study explored women’s decision-making autonomy over maternal healthcare in Ghana. The authors used a mixed method design, collecting quantitative data through a survey of 163 pregnant and lactating mothers from private and public health centres in Madina, a suburb of Accra in the Greater Accra Region. They also gathered qualitative data from four nurses/midwives and 40 women and their partners. The study identified a clear dominance of men over women in making maternal health decisions, explained mainly by cultural, financial and religious factors. It also identified two other decision-making processes influenced by economic factors: a balanced or democratic decision-making process and a women-dominated decision-making process. The paper concludes that there is a need for a change in cultural norms and stereotypes, particularly concerning the supply side of health services and the factors driving individuals to seek quality and appropriate maternal health care. Presently, these decisions are heavily influenced by cultural and economic patriarchal relations.
Learning by Doing: An Online, Open-Source Course Design Approach to Systems Librarianship
Authors: Burns C. Sean , Pusateri Jennifer , DiGiacomo Daniela K.
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to designing an online, open-source course in systems librarianship, an area of librarianship that may be perceived as complex and intimidating because of the technologies involved. The course design focuses on making systems librarianship more approachable for library and information science students who may have little prior knowledge of the topic. It introduces a comprehensive framework that addresses both content and climate solutions to foster a positive learning experience and a community of practice. This includes incorporating Universal Design for Learning principles and new assessment processes that replace traditional grading mechanisms. The paper describes two pedagogical tactics: content solutions that emphasize the use of cloud services and open-source software to provide students with hands-on experiences and a common user interface; and climate solutions that aim to cultivate a sense of belonging among students and minimize technology anxiety. The paper also provides a detailed description of the course structure and assessment methods, including an innovative ungrading approach and a “revise and resubmit” policy. The paper concludes by presenting the course framework as a guide for developing similar courses, emphasizing its potential implications for systems librarianship and library and information science technology education. It discusses the limitations of the approach and suggests ideas for future research in the field. Overall, this paper offers a valuable resource for educators seeking to create engaging and inclusive systems librarianship courses in an online, open-source context.
Features of considering the age of male swimmers in building long-term training and sports perfection
Authors: Kovalenko Yulia , Omelianenko Halyna , Bubela Oleksiy-Oleh , Maistruk Viktor
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the age of male swimmers of the national swimming team of Ukraine in 2021-2024, considers their compliance with favorable zones for achieving the first successes and maximum realization of individual opportunities. It was determined that over the past four years, the main composition of the national team of Ukraine mostly consists of 17-22-year-old swimmers, and after the athletes reach the age of 21 and above, when the results should increase due to the maturation of physical and functional indicators, there is a significant decline in the national team and only 20 % manages to remain among the strongest athletes. Observing this state of affairs, there are fears that athletes are exposed to accelerated physical training, the result of which is a rapid increase in sports results in adolescence and young adulthood. The article emphasizes that youth competitions should ensure the achievement of educational, educational, cultural goals, and the results obtained at them should be considered only as an intermediate stage of long-term sports development. The purpose of the research is to create rational long-term training for talented young swimmers. The scientific novelty of the research consists in determining the age of the strongest swimmers of Ukraine in recent years and its correspondence to the characteristic modern world swimming. Conclusions have been drawn regarding the need to avoid the harmful effects of the exploitation of talented young athletes of Ukraine, which is manifested in the acceleration of their training, which is associated with the violation of laws and principles underlying rational long-term training.
TRENDS IN THE COMPETITIVE PERFORMANCE OF THE WORLD’S STRONGEST WEIGHTLIFTERS BEFORE THE XXXIII OLYMPIC GAMES IN PARIS
Authors: Оleshko Valentin , Тоrokhtiy Оleksiy , Putsov Sеrgii , Dekha Nataliia , Маrtyn Volodymyr , Semeniv Bogdan , Prontenko Konstiantyn
Published: July 2024

Background and Study Aim. The article aims to study the trends in the competitive performance of the world’s strongest weightlifters at the 2023 World Championship and to reveal the prospects for their further entry into the XXXIII Olympic Games in Paris.
Material and Methods. We analyzed the achievements of 200 weightlifters who participated in the 2023 World Championship and the number of countries they represented by studying the scientific literature, Internet resources, score sheets, pedagogical observations, and video recordings of competitions. All indicators of competitive performance and age characteristics were grouped according to the following principle: the top 10 weightlifters in each weight category, as well as the winners of the competition among men and women. All weightlifters were conditionally divided into three groups of weight categories: for men by group I (up to 55, 61, 67 and 73 kg); group II (up to 81, 89 and 96 kg); group III (up to 102, 109 and + 109 kg); for women by group I (up to 45, 49, 55, 59 kg); group II (up to 64, 71 and 76 kg) and group III (up to 81, 87 and + 87 kg).
Results. The article analyzes the competitive results of the world’s 200 best weightlifters in all weight categories for men and women who participated in the competitions, their age characteristics at the competitions and the beginning of their first international starts, the pace of achievement of results in their sports career, the ratio of achievements in each competitive exercise, the level of realization of competitive attempts, as well as the level of international competition in each weight category. The prospects of individual talented athletes to get to the XXXIII Olympic Games were determined.
Conclusions. The effectiveness of the performances of the world’s strongest weightlifters at the World Championship on the eve of the Olympic Games was shown based on the analysis of the competitive results of weightlifters of different sexes, the number of licenses obtained by athletes of these countries, world and Olympic records. The optimal age of achievement of the highest results by weightlifters, the age of the beginning of the sport for the winners of the competition, the pace of achievement of maximum results in a sports career, the ratio of achievements in each competitive exercise, the level of implementation of competitive attempts in the snatch and the clean and jerk, the level of international competition in each weight category for men and women were determined, the characteristics of the competitive performance of the most titled athletes of the world who participated in this championship were analyzed.
Better-Making Properties and the Objectivity of Value Disagreement
Authors: Rast Erich H.
Published: July 2024

A light form of value realism is defended according to which objective properties of comparison objects make value comparisons true or false. If one object has such a better-making property and another lacks it, this is sufficient for the truth of a corresponding value comparison. However, better-making properties are only necessary and usually not sufficient parts of the justifications of value comparisons. The account is not reductionist; it remains consistent with error-theoretic positions and the view that there are normative facts.
The Effect of Transfer Pricing, Book Tax Difference and Thin Capitalization on Tax Avoidance Practices
Authors: Elishang Rachelle , Fahmi Muhammad , Kurniawan Rudy
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to test and examine the effect of transfer pricing, book tax difference and thin capitalization on tax avoidance practices. This study uses quantitative methods with a population in the form of all consumer goods industry entities listed on the IDX for the period 2021-2023. Secondary data is the data needed for research and is sourced from the IDX website. Purposive sampling was applied in order to obtain samples and produce a data sample of 72 samples which after trimming extreme data outliers became 63 samples. Data processing utilizes IBM SPSS Statistic 25 software and multiple regression analysis testing, The test results in this study reveal that simultaneously all transfer pricing, book tax difference and thin capitalization variables affect tax avoidance practices. The results in the partial test show that tax avoidance practices can be influenced by transfer pricing. Conversely, book tax difference and thin capitalization do not affect tax avoidance practices. This study has a sample data update of 2023 and examines a sector that is quite rarely researched in related variables. This research is expected to contribute to the understanding and insight of the literature in. In addition, this research is expected to contribute to increasing regulation and public awareness regarding tax avoidance practices also designing more effective tax policies.
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Authors: Cover Cover
Published: July 2024

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