bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient computation of coordinate-free models of flame fronts
Authors: Akers Benjamin , Ambrose D. M.
Published: July 2021

We present an efficient, accurate computational method for a coordinate-free model of flame front propagation of Frankel and Sivashinsky. This model allows for overturned flames fronts, in contrast to weakly nonlinear models such as the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation. The numerical procedure adapts the method of Hou, Lowengrub and Shelley, derived for vortex sheets, to this model. The result is a nonstiff, highly accurate solver which can handle fully nonlinear, overturned interfaces, with similar computational expense to methods for weakly nonlinear models. We apply this solver both to simulate overturned flame fronts and to compare the accuracy of Kuramoto–Sivashinsky and coordinate-free models in the appropriate limit.
 
doi:10.1017/S1446181121000079
Asymptotic analysis for the mean first passage time in finite or spatially periodic 2D domains with a cluster of small traps
Authors: Iyaniwura Sarafa , Ward Michael
Published: July 2021

A hybrid asymptotic-numerical method is developed to approximate the mean first passage time (MFPT) and the splitting probability for a Brownian particle in a bounded two-dimensional (2D) domain that contains absorbing disks, referred to as "traps”, of asymptotically small radii. In contrast to previous studies that required traps to be spatially well separated, we show how to readily incorporate the effect of a cluster of closely spaced traps by adapting a recently formulated least-squares approach in order to numerically solve certain local problems for the Laplacian near the cluster. We also provide new asymptotic formulae for the MFPT in 2D spatially periodic domains where a trap cluster is centred at the lattice points of an oblique Bravais lattice. Over all such lattices with fixed area for the primitive cell, and for each specific trap set, the average MFPT is smallest for a hexagonal lattice of traps.
doi:10.1017/S1446181121000018
Effects of salinity on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) at larval stage
Authors: Nguyen Thi Kim Ha , Nguyen Tinh Em , Nguyen Minh Ngoc , Yasuaki Takagi , Nguyen Thanh Phuong , Do Thi Thanh Huong
Published: July 2021

The present study was to investigate the effects of different salinities (0 (control), 3, 6, 9, 12, 15‰) in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) at larvae stage. Four-hundred individuals were randomly distributed to each 500-L composite tank (containing 250-L water) in triplicates. After 60 days, fish was sampled to determine survival rate, growth performance, hematological parameters, stress response indicators, and enzymatic activities. The results showed that the survival rate was highest in 6‰ (60.9%) and lowest in 15‰ (1.25%) (p<0.05). Fish exposed to salinities from 0 to  9‰ showed an increasing trend in growth. The osmolality of fish reared in 9 and 12‰ was  significantly higher than that in  the lower salinities (p<0.05). Similarly, concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl- increased remarkably at high salinities. Chymotrypsin and trypsin activities were reduced by increased salinities (p<0.05), which were lowest at 15‰ (69.2±2.46 U/min/mg protein and 1.46±0.01 mU/min/mg protein, respectively). Stress indicators such as glucose and cortisol concentrations were not significantly depended on the salinity in the range of 0 to 12‰. Striped catfish larvae showed an adaptable response to high salinity and the appropriate salinity range for larvae rearing was below 6‰.
Survey on the roles and impacts of seaweeds and aquatic plants in the improved extensive black tiger shrimp farms in Bac Lieu province
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh , Nguyen Hoang Vinh , Lam My Lan , Tran Ngoc Hai
Published: July 2021

A survey was conducted to assess the roles and impacts of seaweeds and aquatic plants on the production and financial efficiency of black tiger shrimp in improved extensive farms through direct interviews with 60 farmers from Dong Hai district, Bac Lieu province. The householders were divided into two groups based on the presence of natural seaweed and aquatic plant, including group 1: the presence of different seaweeds and aquatic plants but the absence of red seaweed (mixed vegetation) and group 2: the presence of red seaweed dominates over the mixed vegetation. The surveyed results showed that group 2 had an average shrimp yield of 268.6 kg/ha/year with a profit of 58.4 million VND/ha/year, which was higher than that of group 1 (shrimp yield of 203.1 kg/ha/year and profit of 43.0 million VND/ha/year). Almost all farmers agreed that seaweeds and aquatic plants acted as important roles in improving water quality, providing natural food and shelter for shrimp, crab, and fish. Farmers, on the other hand, claimed that their excessive growth (high biomass) increased water transparency, limited living space, and hampered the activities of shrimp, crab, and other organisms, as well as reduced shrimp growth and production and polluted water after seaweed died off. Notably, the farm that maintained vegetation coverage ≤50% obtained higher shrimp production and profit than pond with coverage >50%. Moreover, 46.7% of farmers preferred red seaweed over other seaweed and aquatic plant species in their farms.
The effect of guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extract on the quality of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fillets during ice storage
Authors: Tran Minh Phu , Huynh Thi Kim Duyen , Nguyen Le Anh Dao , Nguyen Thi Nhu Ha , Nguyen Quoc Thinh , Tomoaki Hagiwara
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Psidium guajava leaves extract on the quality of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fillets during in ice storage. A group of cobia fillets was soaked in Psidium guajava extract solutions at concentration of 0.03% (w/v) for 30 minutes while the other group soaked in cold ice water, considered as control treatment. The experimental fillets were packed and stored in ice for 15 days. Sampling were done on the 1st, 5th, 10th and 15th day. Analyzed parameters included temperature, total viable counts (TVC), sensory property, pH, moisture, water holding capacity (WHC), texture, total volatile base nitrogen (TVB–N), peroxide value (PV), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), and fillet color. The results indicated that cobia fillets treated with guava extract solutions 0.03% showed significantly higher sensory property, lower PV and TBARs compared to the control treatment during ice storage. Based on the sensory property and total viable counts, cobia fillets can be used up to 10 days in both treatments remaining high quality of the cobia fillet.
Drugs and chemicals use in frog farming in Dong Thap province
Authors: Nguyen Quoc Thinh , Tran Minh Phu
Published: July 2021

The study was conducted to investigate the use of chemicals, drugs, and disease occurrence from frog farming in Dong Thap province. Data were collected through a questionnaire from a random sample of 30 frog farmers from January to April 2020. The results showed that the common diseases were pus in liver (66.7%), hemorrhage (66.7%), and digestive tract problems (flatulence, abdominal intestine, 40%). Farmers used antibiotics to treat diseases and chemicals to treat parasitic infection without knowledge on pathogens. Commonly used antibiotics were oxytetracycline (53.3%), doxycycline (63.3%), amoxicillin (53.3%), florfenicol (36.7%), and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (46.7%). In addition, other antibiotics such as tetracycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, rifampicin were used in some households. Farmers used iodine (26.7%), copper sulfate (20%), and BKC (16.7%) as disinfectants. There was no antibiotic residues test prior to sell to traders. It is necessary to support farmers in knowledge on diseases, drugs/chemicals use, and safety in the use of drugs and chemicals.
Screening utilization of different natural prebiotic extracts by probiotic Lactobacillus sp. for development of synbiotic for aquaculture uses
Authors: Vu Ngoc Ut , Vu Hung Hai , Phan Thi Cam Tu , Pham Thi Tuyet Ngan , Vu Ngoc Ut
Published: July 2021

The study is aimed to develop a relevant synbiotic to promote growth performance of the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. For this, four common natural fiber extracts from Arcera banana, Siamese banana, yellow sweet potato, and white sweet potato were screened for supporting the growth of Lactobacillus sp. which was isolated from whiteleg shrimp intestines with probiotic activity, prebiotic score, and ability to induce bacterial enzyme activities of protease, leu-aminopeptidase, and a-amylase. Results showed that Lactobacillus sp. was able to utilize all extracts from banana and sweet potato as the sole carbon sources. At 24 hours of culture, the growth of Lactobacillus sp. was highest after adding the extract from white sweet potato as the sole carbon source. Considering pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio parahaemolyticus, white sweet potato extract had the highest prebiotic score with a mean of 0.25 as compared with those of V. harveyi with a mean of 0.16. White sweet potato extract induced the highest activities of protease. These results indicated that white sweet potato extract was more suitable for combining with Lactobacillus sp. as a synbiotic for shrimp culture.
In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts against fish bacterial pathogens
Authors: Tran Thi My Duyen , Nguyen Trong Tuan , Tran Thi Tuyet Hoa
Published: July 2021

Crude methanol extract of 9 Vietnamese plants were in vitro screened for their antibacterial activity against three common freshwater fish pathogens including Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella ictaluri, and Streptococcus agalactiae. Agar disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity, then solvent extract was performed for the extracts which exhibited the strongest and a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was conducted for effective plant extracts using broth dilution method. The results indicated that most of the plant extracts exhibited antibacterial propeties to at least one tested bacterium. Headache tree (Premna corymbosa), bushwillows (Combretum quadrangulare) and Celandine spider flower (Cleome chelidonii) showed a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The largest inhibitory zones of 35 mm and 21 mm were observed  for the extract of Premna corymbosa against E. ictaluri and S. agalactiae, respectively. E. ictaluri was found to be the most susceptible for all of the extracts while A. hydrophila was the most resistant. The MIC of effective plant extracts against tested bacteria ranged between 0.39 mg/mL and 3.125 mg/mL. The result can be considered for further investigation of the development of an alternative therapy against bacterial infection in aquaculture.
Effect of different salinities on the susceptibility of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hy-pophthalmus) to Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria causing hemorrhagic disease
Authors: Dang Thi Hoang Oanh , Truong Quoc Phu
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different salinities on striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) susceptibility to hemorrhagic disease causing by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. The experiment was set up in plastic tanks at various salinities (0, 3, 5, 8, 11 and 14‰). Experimental fish (about 25 ± 0.8g/fish) were challenged with A. hydrophila bacteria by intramuscular injection. After infection, the mortality and disease signs were recorded for 14 days. At the same time, bacteria re-isolation and re-identification were carried out with infected fish samples that displayed signs of lethargy, disorientation, hemorrhagic in anal, peritoneal sinus and spleen. Recorded cumulative mortality after 14 days was 86.7% at salinity 0‰ and 8.3% and 11.7% at salinities 11 and 14‰, respectively. At higher salinity, striped catfish is less susceptible to A. hydrophila bacteria than at lower salinities.
Investigation of the antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes of lysozyme pu-rified from “Co Co” duck egg whites
Authors: Tran Khoa Nguyen
Published: July 2021

Lysozyme has been applied in various fields such as food technology, medicine, and diagnostics because it can resist many types of bacteria. In this research, lysozyme from duck egg whites was studied to evaluate the antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) often causing acne on human skin. Lysozyme was purified from duck egg whites by ion-exchange chromatography and gel-filtration chromatography. After that, this enzyme was used to investigate the resistance to C. acnes at different pH, temperature, concentration, and storage conditions. The results presented that lysozyme exhibited the best resistance to C. acnes at pH 6.0 and 6.5 on trypticase - yeast extract - heart extract - glycerol agar (TYEG) medium, at 30°C and 35°C. Additionally, these conditions had the least effect on lysozyme antibacterial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC80) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of lysozyme to C. acnes were 0.55 mg/mL and 1.11 mg/mL, respectively. Lysozyme could keep up the best antimicrobial activity when stored at -20oC and -10oC; After 30 days, it still kept nearly 80% of its activity. These findings will offer a basis for larger-scale production of lysozyme powder for further research and commercial purposes, especially skin-care products.
Antioxidant activity of enzyme-assisted extract derived from round kumquat peel (Fortunella japonica)
Authors: Vo Dinh Le Tam , Nguyen Dinh Duyen Hai
Published: July 2021

This study intends to apply enzyme-assisted extraction method to determine the antioxidant activity of round kumquat peel extract. Firstly, chemical composition of the kumquat peel was determined. Then, single factor test was employed to evaluate the effects of enzyme treatment conditions (enzyme amount and extraction time, ethanol concentration, material:ethanol ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature) on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the kumquat peel extract. The result showed that the content of phenolic compounds in the kumquat peel achieved 1.3%. The peel extract exhibited the maximum TPC of 335.96±16.79 milligrams of gallic acid equivalents (mg GAE)/g dry matter, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation radical (ABTS●+) scavenging activity of 1993.26±99.66 μmol Trolox Equivalent (TE)/g dry matter and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value of 3202.86±160.14 μmol TE/g dry matter. This extract was obtained under   enzyme treatment condition including enzyme content of 9 U/g dry matter, enzyme-treating time of 90 min and the extraction condition comprising of kumquat peel: 96% ethanol ratio of 1:40 (w/v), extraction time of 150 min and temperature of 50°C. The results revealed that the kumquat peel extract could be used as a potential natural antioxidant in food and/or pharmaceutical products.
Lecture 2: The Presocratics
Authors: McCarron Gary
Published: July 2021

This lecture series began with some general comments about rhetoric, rhetorical questions, moral problems, and issues relating to the connection between emotions and persuasion. I also offered a detailed overview of an article by Henry Johnstone (2007) in order to show how there are several interesting philosophical questions related to contemporary studies in rhetoric. This lecture, while not exactly picking up on the same set of metaphysical puzzles that perplexed Johnstone, nonetheless takes us into the world of ancient philosophy.
Cette série de cours débute par des commentaires généraux sur la rhétorique, les questions rhétoriques, les problèmes moraux, et le rapport entre émotion et persuasion. Elle offre en outre le compte rendu détaillé d’un article par Henry Johnstone afin d’y relever plusieurs questions philosophiques intéressantes reliées aux études contemporaines en rhétorique. Ce cours, bien qu’il ne soulève pas exactement les mêmes mystères métaphysiques qui ont rendu Johnstone perplexe, nous entraîne dans l’univers de la philosophie antique.
IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-DOPAMINERGIC ACTIVITY OF ALKALOID-RICH FRACTION ISOLATED FRO MLEAVES OF MURRAYA KOENIGII
Authors: Patil Rupali A
Published: July 2021

Anti-dopaminergic or dopamine antagonists are preferably used as anti-psychotics, in schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and stimulant psychosis. They are also effective in many other gastrointestinal disorders including nausea and vomiting. Many herbal drugs like digoxin, quinine, morphine, are known for their therapeutic importance. The objective of this study was to use animal models to investigate the impact of Murraya koenigii L. leaves (MK) as an anti-dopaminergic.Pet ether extract of MK (PEMK) and alkaloids isolated from PEMK (AFMK) has shown potent antioxidant activity when tested against invitro antioxidant methods like free radical scavenging by DPPH method, total antioxidant activity by thiocyanate method and H2O2scavenging activity. Significant decreasein the dopaminergic activity was observed in validated animal models like haloperidol-induced catalepsy in mice, apomorphine-induced stereotypic behavior, foot shock-induced aggression and phenobarbitone-induced sleeping behavior. This may be attributed to the presence of carbazole alkaloids having antioxidant potential.
PROSPER THE IMMUNITY THROUGH DIET – A MUST IN UNEASE SITUATIONS
Authors: Gottipati Kavya
Published: July 2021

As the world watches COVID -19, a disease caused by a novel corona virus, SARS – CoV-2, the focus has shifted to immunology. The immune response is critical for controlling and eliminating CoV infections. Hopefully, the profound understanding gained between the hosts innate immune system and corona viruses would lessen the lung inflammation induced by CoVs, which was identified by careful investigation of the immune system. The immune system's duty is to protect the host from viruses, germs, and other diseases. The immune system produces different cells to deal with infections caused by these pathogens, not only to destroy the current dwelling harmful agents, but also to guard the host from future attacks of the same kind. The immune system is always active, but when a person becomes infected, it becomes even more active.A number of vitamins, as well as other sources of vitamins and trace elements, have been shown to have an important role in strengthening the immune system and reducing infection risk. This review article discusses the numerous nutrients that can be used in antiviral and antibacterial defence. Dietary practices for acquiring a healthy microbiota can also benefit the immune system.
POST-OPERATIVE REHABILITATION IN TRAUMATIC DISTAL BICEPS TENDON RUPTURE WITH ULNAR ARTERY INJURY AND ULNAR NERVE NEUROPATHY MANAGED WITH SURGICAL RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Naqvi Waqar M.
Published: July 2021

The Biceps Brachia is an anterior arm muscle consisting of two heads that bridge the shoulder girdle to the forearm. The distal biceps tendon from both heads may converge or remain anatomically separate before attachment to the radial tuberosity. The incidence of distal biceps rupture is 1.2/100,000 per year and is mostly seen in middle-aged men. The rupture of the biceps tendon is a relatively less common lesion making this case unique. Physiotherapy rehabilitation post-surgery is found to be effective; it includes management of pain, increase range of motion exercises, strengthening exercises, muscle energy technique, cardiovascular fitness, all these together helps to improve patient outcomes. A case of the 40-year-old female is presented in this case report who underwent traumatic glass-cut injury in proximal forearm resulting in distal bicep-tendon repair with ulnar artery injury and ulnar nerve neuropathy. After surgical reconstruction patient presented with pain in the shoulder, elbow, and wrist, reduced range of motion, strength, and grip strength leading to difficulty in performing activities of daily living. Surgical history, clinical findings, outcomes, and rehabilitation are mentioned in this report. We report that there is a significant improvement in stability, range of motion, muscle strength, relief from pain, and improvement in the patient's functional level and outcomes.
EFFECTS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN GERIATRIC PATIENT WITH DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Yadav Vaishnavi
Published: July 2021

Distal end radius fracture is said to the most common as well as more frequent fracture seen in community-dwelling individuals. Fracture distal end radius can lead to malunion, non-union, deformity ultimately leading to reduce the functional capacity of an individual. Hand functions are primarily affected in distal radial fracture. The patient was an old lady of 75 years who suffered a comminuted fracture distal end radius right side. She underwent surgery 6 days after the injury with open reduction and internal fixation. Three weeks after the surgery physiotherapy was started to increase range of motion, muscle strength and to reduce pain. Rehabilitation started at the rate of one session a day, six days a week. Rehabilitation activities include exercises to improve local circulation and relief pain, to restore normal range of motion, to improve ROM, to improve strength.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY OF HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN COVID 19: A RISING CONCERN IN INDIA
Authors: Naqvi Waqar M.
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has put a strain on healthcare services all over the world. With the rising range of healthcare providers diagnosed with COVID globally and with the second wave in India, the crisis has gained global attention and assistance. The healthcare system in India is under strain, putting frontline healthcare staff on edge. Long and exhausting work hours, quickly depleting supplies of personal protective equipment, day-to-night news reports of COVID-19 statistics, inadequate availability of particular drugs, and insufficient societal assistance may all lead to the additional emotional strain of these HCWs. Depression, anxiety, insomnia, and stress are very prevalent among HCWs. Employed in the high-risk division like infectious disorder and pulmonology, and to see a family member that has been diagnosed, deficient or inadequate hand hygiene before and after interaction with patients, insufficient PPE, direct patient interaction (12 times a day), long daily contact hours (15 hrs), and uncontrolled exposure were all linked to COVID-19 risk among Health Care Workers. Working with COVID-19 has demonstrated the interdependence of various components of the work system, such as personal protective equipment (PPE), ventilators, monitoring equipment, staffing, work setting, and so on. Healthcare workers should also implement a detailed ‘infectious disease preparedness and recovery strategy' to train and protect staff before and after a pandemic. Workers must be closely watched, supported, and, when possible, supplied with evidence-based practice after the crisis has passed.
REHABILITATION OF PATIENT WITH VARICOSE VEIN ALONG WITH SUBCUTANEOUS CALCANEAL BURSITIS
Authors: Phansopkar Pratik
Published: July 2021

Varicose veins are permanently dilated tortuous and elongated path causing abnormal circulation. The varicose vein is the most common condition among females. The prevalence of varicose veins shows that females are more affected by it. In India, it is most common in females due to long-standing household work. Varicose veins are classified according to the long great saphenous vein varicosity, short/small saphenous vein varicosity, and varicose veins due to perforator incompetence. The calcaneal spur is also known as a heel spur and it occurs due to a bony outgrowth that is present in the heel bone. The heel spur is located at the back of the heel or under the sole. The spur occurring in the back of the heel is often associated with Achilles tendinopathy and the spur under the sole is associated with plantar fasciitis. A 55-year-old female with right-hand dominance came with complaints of pain in both the lower limb, pain in the neck region, and heel pain with these complaints patient was referred for physiotherapy after Ayurveda treatment. The patient presented with a history of osteoarthritis 5 years back, following which she started having pain in both the lower limb and heel. Patient were diagnosed with varicose vein and calcaneal spur with cervical radiculopathy. Therapeutic intervention for the patient comprised of patient education, thermotherapy, ultrasound, TENS, strengthening exercises, and range of motion exercises. The outcome of all this intervention showed improvement in function. Early physiotherapy intervention after diagnosis should be started to improve quality of life, activities of daily living, and prevent chronic disability.
AN INNOVATIVE PHYSICAL THERAPY APPROACH TOWARDS A COMPLEX CASE OF PIVD WITH VARICOSE VEINS
Authors: Kulkarni Chaitanya Ajay
Published: July 2021

PIVD is the protrusion from the nucleus pulposus through the rent within the annulus fibrosis. L4-L5, L5-S1 discs are most commonly affected in 95 percent of lumbar disc herniation. As we grow older the discs which are present in our vertebral column, become less flexible and begin to harden, making it more susceptible to tears. The herniated disc may be caused by a single undue strain or injury. However, as disc degeneration progresses with age, a few people may suffer herniated discs from more minor activities or twists. The patient was a 38-year-old female who presented with a complaint of pain in the neck & back which was 8 on Vas, pain in both limbs ( upper & lower) which was 7 on Vas, Numbness present in Upper limb fingers, Stiffness in all joints along with pedal edema. The patient also had a varicose vein on both lower limbs grade 3. She was admitted to the hospital because she was not able to even get up from the bed due to pain. She was working in a mess for 8 years the work included prolonged standing, bending down, lifting heavy weights, and sitting on the floor for a long period. Due to pain, she was not able to continue her work. Ayurvedic treatment along with physiotherapy treatment was going on. The patient had the same complaints before 12 months she was relieved by physiotherapy. The patient had three laser sessions done for a varicose vein but was not relieved before 1 year. According to the clinical presentation and Radiological findings the patient was diagnosed with PIVD. This case study shows that regular exercise, traction, back strengthening exercise, use of modalities such as IFT, and following proper ergonomics would reduce the symptoms associated with PIVD and varicose veins
CLINICO PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION OF EYELID TUMORS AND THEIR SURGICAL OUTCOME
Authors: Thakur Sumit
Published: July 2021

Eyelid tumors are the most common neoplasm in daily ophthalmology practice and encompass a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors. The most common presenting symptoms for skin cancer on the eyelids include a mass or tumor, ulceration, or soreness. It is an institution-based study and the patients were recruited from the OPD and Indoor-wards of Aravind Eye Hospital. Each patient was examined by the slit lamp bio-microscope. The size of the tumor is measured with a detailed examination of the tumor-like margin, the involvement of the other adnexal structure, and the lymph node. Excision biopsies were done and send for histopathological examination. Wound closure with lid reconstruction done according to the size and site of the tumor. Out of 66 patients, the clinical diagnosis of 56(85%) patients was correlated with the histopathological diagnosis but in the remaining 10(15%) patients no correlation was found between histopathological and clinical diagnosis. Proper knowledge of the tumor, anatomy of the lid, and history will help in the appropriate diagnosis of eyelid tumor which can be confirmed by histopathological examination. In the present study, tumors were managed with excision biopsy and lid reconstruction was done depending upon the location and extent of the tumor.
IMPACT OF SLOW SURYANAMASKAR AS AN EXERCISE PROTOCOL ON PULMONARY FUNCTIONS IN SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN
Authors: Naqvi Waqar M.
Published: July 2021

Suryanamaskar or Sun Salutation is a mostly practiced Yoga pose by most yoga practitioners all around the world. It consists of synchronizing body flow movements which alternatively contracts and stretches the body musculature, with continuous alteration of the Inhalation & Exhalation. Most of the Indians or ancient Yoga practitioners as well as various health professionals always keep advising for the practice of suryanamaskar. Previous literature has shown its effects on different systems of the body. Primarily the ethical approval was taken for the study to conduct from the ethical board. The consent from the parents of the school-going children was taken. The Purpose of the Research was explained to the children as well as the parent to improve the compliance towards study results. The study is conducted with 65 samples of school-going children with 4 weeks of intervention of slow Suryanamaskar practice. The purposive sampling method has been used to sort the samples as per the requirements. The whole study was conducted between 6 months of period. The finding of this study shows the significant improvement of the mean values of the Peak Expiratory Flow Rate at the end of the study duration. This study concludes that slow Suryanamaskar has a great impact on the improvement of pulmonary functions.
POST-SURGICAL SHOULDER REHABILITATION OF SELECTIVE NECK DISSECTION WITH PECTORALIS MAJOR MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP RECONSTRUCTION IN “SICK” SYNDROME PATIENTS
Authors: Naqvi Waqar M
Published: July 2021

Selective neck dissection (SND) is a surgical procedure developed to remove cervical lymph nodes at the risk of invasion metastasis. It is distinguished from radical neck dissections wherein there is the retention of one or more groups of lymph nodes. In this case, a 45-year-old male shopkeeper diagnosed with malignancy of lower anterior alveolus from 45-36 region (stage IVA –T4a N2Cm0) underwent SND, segmental mandibulectomy, and reconstruction with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMC flap) on the left side. On assessment, before the SND, Scapular mal positioning, inferior medial border prominence, coracoid pain, and dyskinesia of scapular movement (SICK) were identified. The patient was referred for physiotherapy with the complaint of inability to maintain saturation, difficulty in decannulation, and shoulder dysfunction on postoperative day 3 (POD-3). Chest physiotherapy comprising of breathing and suctioning techniques aided early decannulation. Furthermore, a prompt shoulder rehabilitation program for six months had a positive impact on the overall functioning and quality of life of the patient.
COVID 19 AND ACADEMICS-ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Authors: Dhole S
Published: July 2021

W.H.O. declares corona virus outbreak a pandemic on 11th March, pandemic means every person on earth is prone to Covid-19. All the activities involving a large public gathering like social, educational, political, economic and many other sectors got affected School, colleges, workplaces had to be closed down temporarily to avoid further spreading of the disease. Educational programs worldwide have been affected by the COVID 19 pandemic, contributing to the almost complete closing of schools, universities, and colleges. To minimize the distribution of Covid19, several governments around the world have agreed to temporarily close educational institutions (lockdown). This is the situation that made society very panic as well as very sensitive towards mankind. The mass effect of Covid -19 can be observed in all the sectors but more poorly affected to the economical and educational sector. In the education system a great change of delivering classes from traditional mode to modern, i.e., online education though there are advantages and disadvantages of its but in the present era this is the most needful requirement of the world. Covid 19 and Academics- Advantages and Disadvantages. Though COVID-19 has created many challenges, various new streams of opportunities are also coming out. Online education has grown over the last few years and has experienced mainstream acceptance. To develop a deeper understanding of degree courses students get to control their learning environment with an online class. New models and materials of learning are always springing up in the market, Due to this various opportunities for furnishing their study. The future of online degree education looks promising and opens up education to a larger section of the population than ever before.
VASAKA - A BOON TO THE INDIAN TRADITIONAL SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Authors: Singh Shivendra Pratap
Published: July 2021

Adhatoda vasica (L.) (Acanthaceae) has vital medicinal roles, and it is widely used in the indigenous medicine system in India. One of the important goals of the present study is to make report on the phytochemical and different in-vitro/in-vivo pharmacological activity of plant Adhatoda vasica. This study will help to find specific bioactive compounds of vasaka, and their suitable use for human welfare. The bioactive compound vasicine have been isolated from alcoholic extract of vasica leaves using column chromatography. In this review article covered all the reported pharmacological activities of vasaka plant, and their chemical constituents. In-addition; chemical constituents of vasaka has been found active against many diseases such as antimicrobial activity, hepatoprotective, antitussive, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiulcer, anti-urolithiatic, abortifacient, thrombolytic, radio modulator, cardiovascular protection, hypoglycaemic, antitubercular, antioxidant and anticancer.
DESIGN, CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CURCUMIN-LOADED MESOPOROUS SILICA NANOPARTICLES BASED TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR TREATMENT OF WRINKLES
Authors: Singh Shivendra Pratap
Published: July 2021

The objective of research work was to development and evaluation of curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), based topical dosage form for the treatment of facial wrinkles. Curcumin was selected as a hydrophobic model drug since it has been reported as potent anti-oxidizing and as an anti-wrinkle agent. Hence curcumin drug was selected as anti-wrinkle agent for the treatment of wrinkles. The MSN were prepared with tetraethyl ortho silicate and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (as surfactant). The prepared MSN were characterized by using particle size analysis, scanning electron microscope, Xrd, FTIR and porosimetry. The MSN was found to be biocompatible chemically & thermally stable nanoparticles. The curcumin extract was loaded into MSN and incorporated into cream. In-vitro release study of curcumin-loaded MSN system was compared with marketed formulation and was found the curcumin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) showed good antioxidant activity and batter % cumulative drug release. The % cumulative drug release of curcumin-loaded MSN was found to be 88% at pH 5.5 and 85% at pH 7.4 respectively. Revealed that after incorporation of curcumin into MSN, the drug release rate was found increased. The properties of curcumin-loaded MSN strongly advocate its good feature for delivery of anti-wrinkles drug. The prepared curcumin-loaded MSN seem to have potential carrier for use as a topical drug delivery.
REGENERATION WITH AUTOGENOUS BONE GRAFT IN ANGULAR DEFECT
Authors: Sejwal Manish Dev
Published: July 2021

Untreated periodontal disease destroys the attachment apparatus and tooth supporting tissues, resulting in tooth loss. Periodontal treatment aims to stop the progression of periodontal disease while also regenerating periodontal tissues that have been lost due to periodontal disease. Periodontal regeneration appears to occur after treatment with autogenous bone grafts, according to data from clinical and histological research. Because it contains cells that engage in osteogenesis, autogenous bone possesses osteogenic potential. Autografts are also bioabsorbable (they are eventually replaced by the patient's own bone), nonallergenic (they produce little tissue reaction without an immunological reaction), simple to utilize, and inexpensive. Around autogenous bone graft particles, rapid revascularization occurs, and the graft can release growth and differentiation agents. When compared to open flap debridement, autogenous cancellous bone from the jaw is not suited for repairing intrabony periodontal abnormalities. An autogenous cortical bone (ACB) graft derived from the surgical site close to the intraosseous defect is beneficial because it eliminates the requirement for a second surgical site for repairing intraosseous periodontal deficiencies. For tissue regeneration, many therapeutic techniques are employed. Various grafting materials, such as autografts, allografts, xenografts, and alloplasts, have been used and therapeutically utilized among them. A case report on periodontal regeneration employing autogenous bone in the treatment of a periodontal intra-bony defect in the lower left molars is presented in this study.
SPRAY DRYING APPROACH IN PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLID DISPERSION OF EPROSARTAN MESYLATE
Authors: Kothawade Sachin N
Published: July 2021

Spray drying methods were used to make solid dispersions of the medication Eprosartan Mesylate, which is poorly water-soluble. X-ray Powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the products' physicochemical features as well as drug-polymer interactions. Eprosartan Mesylate was shown to be dispersed amorphously in both solid dispersion systems, with a drug to polymer weight ratio of 1:4.The drug and polymer created hydrogen bonds, according to the spectrum data. Both techniques utilized in this investigation enhanced Eprosartan Mesylate solubility. Solid dispersions, on the other hand, performed significantly better, dissolving completely in 5 minutes and at a rate that was about 20 times faster than API within the first 15 minutes. Spray drying is a good way to boost the bioavailability of drugs that are poor water solubility.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BUDESONIDE PELLETS CONTAINING NATURAL GUMS FOR COLON TARGETING
Authors: Pathan Rijawan Rajjak
Published: July 2021

Pellets formulation with natural gums. The formulation of an enzyme as well as pH dependant pellets containing natural gums such as Mornings oleifera gum Lam. (MOG) and Cyamopsis tetragonolobus gum Taub. (CTG) were used for enzyme dependant release and further coating is provided to shows colon-specific delivery. Extrusion and spheronization techniques were used for the preparation of pellets. Pellets of budesonide evaluated for various properties such as flow behavior, physical properties such as sphericity, roundness, aspect ratio, hardness, and friability also investigated in vitro and in vivo targeting in rabbit. Preparation of pellets was done by using extrusion and spheronization method with the use of optimized concentration of gums those were 7.5% and 10% for CTG and MOG respectively and proportion of solvent mixture of water and Isopropyl alcohol in the ratio of 80:20. Pellets of budesonide evaluated for various properties includes flow behavior, physical properties such as sphericity, roundness, aspect ratio, hardness, and friability and found that all properties as per official limit also in vitro release study found that release of uncoated pellets in a sustained manner in 0.1N HCl for 2h due to swelling of natural gum, therefore further step of the coating was done in fluidized bed coater to prevent the release of drug in the upper part of GIT and after coating found that In vitro release of drug at the colonic environment and it confirmed with in vivo investigation in rabbit with X-ray examination of targeting and found that pellets reach at colonic part without disintegration. The use of natural gums for preparation of pellets in optimized concentration and wetting agent produce a formulation with all required chemical and physical properties and it gives effective in vitro release and also shows In vivo targeting in rabbit and due to use of natural gum for preparation of pellets also reduce some problems of metabolism of synthetic excipients.
An Investigation on Radiation Shielding Properties of Borosilicate Glass Systems
Authors: ŞEN BAYKAL Duygu , TEKİN Huseyin Ozan , ÇAKIRLI MUTLU R. Burcu
Published: July 2021

The aim of this research is to examine the radiation shielding properties of 5B2O3-40SiO2-(55-x)Al2O3-xBaO (BSABa-x) glass systems, which are containing barium and aluminum oxide added to borosilicate glasses, with varying from 25 to 34 weight fractions. Shielding parameters, such as linear attenuation coefficients (LAC), mass attenuation coefficients (MAC), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), effective atomic weight (Aeff), exposure buildup factors (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factors (EABF) enable us to obtain information about the radiation shielding power of composite glass material groups. Therefore, the mass attenuation coefficients (MAC), for the 0.015–15 MeV gamma-ray energies are obtained by using the Py-MLBUF online software to determine photon shielding parameters of BSABa-x glasses. The results are shown that the glass which contains higher BaO concentration has higher mass attenuation coefficients. BSABa-34 glass has the highest MACs, ranging from 0.111 cm2/g to 90.400 cm2/g, while BSABa-25 glass has the lowest values, ranging from 0.099 cm2/g to 69.000 cm2/g. The BSABa-34 glass with the highest BaO contribution has the thinnest MFP and HVL values. In addition, photon buildup is minimized by adding BaO to the BSABa-x glasses. Accordingly, we can conclude that adding BaO to aluminum borosilicate glasses at increasing rates, improves nuclear radiation resistance properties.
Probiotic and Peanut OIT leads to long-lasting sustained unresponsiveness and quality-of-life improvement in peanut-allergic children
Authors: Loke Paxton , Hsiao Kuang-Chih , Lozinsky Adriana , Ashley Sarah , Lloyd Melanie , Pitkin Sigrid , Axelrad Christine , Jayawardana Kaushala , Tey Dean , Su Ee-Lyn , Robinson Marnie , Leung Agnes Sze Yin , DunnGalvin Audrey , Tang Mimi
Published: July 2021

Background: Combined treatment with probiotic and peanut oral
immunotherapy (PPOIT) was shown to induce sustained unresponsiveness
(SU) in a proof-of-concept randomized trial. Additional data on safety
and long-term outcomes are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the
safety and long-term effects of PPOIT in children with peanut allergy.
Methods: Open-label study of 20 children aged 1-12 years with
challenge-confirmed peanut allergy; all children received 18-months of
PPOIT. Efficacy endpoints were desensitization, 8-week SU, and
persistence of 8-week SU at 3-years post-treatment, assessed by
double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (cumulative 4950mg peanut
protein). Treatment emergent adverse events and relationship to study
treatment were recorded. Immunologic measures and health related quality
of life (HRQL) were evaluated at screening, end-of-treatment and 3-years
post-treatment. Results: Sixteen children (75%) completed
treatment. By intention-to-treat analysis, 75% (15/20) achieved
desensitization and 60% (12/20) achieved 8-week SU. Ten of 12
participants with SU at end-of-treatment consented to the 3-year SU
challenge; 6 (60%) had persistence of SU. PPOIT was associated with
significantly reduced peanut skin prick test wheal size and serum peanut
specific-IgE levels at end-of-treatment, 12-months and 3-years
post-treatment. There were no serious adverse events. HRQL scores
improved (exceeding the Minimal Clinically Important Difference of 0.45)
at 12-months post-treatment with benefit sustained at 3-years
post-treatment. Conclusions: Eighteen months of PPOIT induced
high rates of desensitization and SU, and SU persisted to 3-years
post-treatment in a majority of initial responders. PPOIT led to
long-lasting suppression of peanut sIgE and long-lasting clinically
important improvement in HRQL.
Composition, nutritional value and uses of Ricinodendron heudelotii, Vitex doniana and Cleome gynandra seeds oil, three indigenous oil species: a review
Authors: ADOME Nadjidath , CHADARE Flora Josiane , Honfo Fernande , Hounhouigan Joseph
Published: July 2021

Ricinodendron heudelotii, Vitex doniana and Cleome gynandra are three
indigenous species whose seeds contain oil that can provide interesting
alternatives to conventional seed oil species. This review focused on
the physicochemical characteristics of their seeds and the nutritional
properties of the extracted oils. Scientific articles and reports were
collected and needed information was extracted and synthesized.
Ricinodendron seed oil is higher (51.83 mg/100 g) than that of Vitex
(28.55 mg/100 g) and Cleome (27.35 mg/100 g). The three seed oils are
polyunsaturated oils. Ricinodendron seed oil is composed mainly of
linoleic acid (28.3-51.1%). Cleome seeds oil is mainly composed of
linoleic acid (56.3% -61.1%) and oleic acid (19.6-23.9%).
Ricinodendron seed oil can be used for the preparation of fast drying
binder and resins. Vitex seed oil can be used for the production of
resin, paint and skin cream production. No application of Cleome seed
oil has been stated.
Techniki rozbiórki krzyżackich obiektów warownych w średniowieczu (Potterberg, Nieszawa, Toruń, Papowo Biskupie)
Authors: Szczupak Dominika
Published: July 2021

Tematem artykułu jest rozbiórka kilku wybranych założeń krzyżackich, mających mury o konstrukcji drewniano-ziemnej (w 1283 r., Potterberg), ceglanej (w XV w., zamki w Nieszawie i Toruniu) lub kamiennej (w XV w., Papowo Biskupie). Omówiono okoliczności podjęcia tych prac oraz próbę rekonstrukcji przebiegu i organizacji tych przedsięwzięć na podstawie źródeł pisanych oraz wyników dotychczasowych badań archeologicznych.
Świat kultury materialnej na magnackim dworze na przykładzie rejestrów majątkowych Anny Katarzyny z Sanguszków Radziwiłłowej z lat 1738–1741
Authors: Penkała-Jastrzębska Anna
Published: July 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza rejestrów majątku kanclerzyny litewskiej Anny Katarzyny z Sanguszków Radziwiłłowej, rozpoznanie rytmu funkcjonowania jej dworu, w tym odróżnienie spraw codziennych od różnych przejawów przepychu i luksusu. Podstawą są rozmaite rejestry majątkowe kanclerzyny. Analizowane materiały z lat 1738–1741 dotyczą przede wszystkim specyfiki funkcjonowania dworu bialskiego. Bazę źródłową uzupełniają zapiski z prywatnej korespondencji, wskazujące na prywatne upodobania magnatki i sposób pozyskiwania określonych przedmiotów. Wykorzystane rejestry rzeczy ukazane zostały jako cenne źródło do poznania dworskiej codzienności w XVIII stuleciu oraz doskonały materiał do badań wielu zagadnień z ówczesnej sfery materialnej.