bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sufficiency of Spinozistic Attributes for their Finite Modes
Authors:   Austin Community College, Istvan Jr. Michael Anthony
Published: March 2024

Some passages throughout Spinoza’s body of works suggest that an attribute in its absolute nature provides a sufficient condition for all of its modes, including the finite ones. Other passages suggest that an attribute in its absolute nature fails to provide a sufficient condition for its finite modes. My aim is to dispel this apparent tension. I argue that all finite modes are ultimately entailed by the absolute nature of their attribute. Furthermore, I explain how the Spinozistic positions that appear incompatible with this view are in fact compatible. As I see it, we should read those passages where Spinoza says that no finite mode ultimately follows from the absolute nature of its attribute as saying merely that no finite mode ultimately follows in one-by-one fashion, independent of an infinite series of other modes, from the absolute nature of its attribute.
Old and new matters
Authors:   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Mercier Thomas Clément
Published: March 2024

This article constitutes a substantial introduction to the thematic issue “Matters.” After introducing briefly the scattered constellation described by some as “new materialism” or “the material turn,” as well as its main concepts and methods, I offer a deconstructive reflection on “the turn” by challenging a series of theoretical gestures meant to coalesce the turn to materiality in contemporary continental philosophy—starting with the exclusion of the much maligned “linguistic turn” and the opposition to an “old” concept of matter presented as passive, inert, and mechanistic. I analyze how these two exclusions—precarious as they may be—allow for a relative coalescence of the new “scene” while betraying its essential heterogeneity and self-inadequacy. I thus interrogate the conditions that make the position of a “new” materialism possible, giving it force and necessity, while questioning what the production of this so-called novelty potentially obfuscates. After raising a series of questions related to new materialism’s conceptuality, I introduce the contributions that make up the thematic issue. I also provide a substantial bibliography to help the reader navigate the material turn as well as its various critiques from the perspectives of philosophical history, object-oriented ontology, social and ethico-political theory, deconstruction, critical race studies, or other perspectives on materialist theory.
Materialism, matter and materiality in the work of althusser
Authors:   Occidental College, Montag Warren
Published: March 2024

Over a decade ago, a number of philosophers declared that the time of what they called “the linguistic turn,” that is, a philosophical orientation to language as the sole medium through which reality could be apprehended, had come to an end, having foundered on its own contradictions. In its place, they proposed a turn to objects or things, that is, that to which we were previously told we could gain access only through language or consciousness, insofar as they reflected or represented reality from a position outside of it. Thus, they established the materiality of objects, but at the expense of a dematerialization of language. One of the principal targets of the new materialism was the concept of ideology, to them a realm of ideas, not things. In his famous essay, “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses,” published in 1970, Althusser preempted the arguments of the new materialism by asserting that ideology does not consist of ideas but exists in the materiality of apparatuses, practices and rituals. Just as importantly, discourse too possessed a materiality and a reality which was the necessary condition of its functions, including the production of meaning.
Immanence and Differentiation in Spinoza
Authors:   Bard College, Stephano Oli
Published: March 2024

This paper argues that ontological immanence involves but is not reducible to substance monism. Attending to immanence in Spinoza’s ontology, I provide a creative exegesis of the defining features of Spinoza’s immanent ontology, arguing that it recasts the concept of substance itself, from a term of transcendence and totalization to one of immanence and differentiation. In critical conversation with Deleuze’s influential reading, I identify five interconnected features which, taken together, elaborate Spinoza’s ontology of immanence: substance monism, univocity of attributes, immanent causality, the identification between G-d and Nature, and the status of finite modes as explications of substance rather than its extrinsic effects. I argue that, taken together, these features refashion the concept of substance, such that substance becomes not a term of totalization but rather one of ongoing production of diversity. Attending to the role of finite modes in this ontology, I emphasize the ways in which immanence can lend force to vital reconfigurations of ethical and political life: by defining beings and systems in terms of their capacities, which are augmented, diminished, or maintained depending on how they converge in relation.
Symbioautothanatosis: Science as Symbiont in the Work of Lynn Margulis
Authors:   Emory University, Basile Jonathan
Published: March 2024

Lynn Margulis’s writing about symbiosis has profoundly influenced contemporary evolutionary theory, as well as continental and analytic philosophy of science, the materialist turn, and new materialism. Nonetheless, her work, and all symbiosis or evolution, is founded on a paradox: symbiosis fictionalizes customary accounts of the origin and evolution of species, yet it is impossible to speak of symbiosis (cross-species association) unless species-boundaries have been posited in advance. Thus, a tension is legible throughout Margulis’s work between the drive to surpass the limits of species-definitions as they have been traditionally understood, and a need to maintain them in order that there can be “symbiosis” at all. Margulis criticized neo-Darwinian accounts of evolution in part because she saw symbiogenesis as debunking the theory that life was defined by individualistic competition. More recently, Myra Hird has suggested that the gift, such as it has been theorized by certain anthropologists and philosophers, could adequately figure symbiosis and the ethical relations founded on it. I turn to Derrida’s writing on the gift to suggest that, if a gift worthy of the name chances to happen, it necessarily exceeds scientific, theoretical, and philosophical knowledge.
The plantation complex in the colony of Puerto Rico: on material conditions
Authors:   Emory University, Zambrana Rocío
Published: March 2024

This essay develops a loosely understood Marxist notion of material conditions in light of the Caribbean plantation complex. The racial order endemic to the plantation and its continuation in post-emancipation contexts undermines any spurious base/superstructure distinction at work in an understanding of material conditions even in some accounts of racial capitalism. Material conditions are as ideological as they are “infrastructural” (Sylvia Wynter) in being ongoingly articulated by anti-black coordinates of sense. The ongoing actualization of the racial order of slavery is understood not as required by altered material conditions, but rather as altering material conditions. The essay considers the continuity of the racial order of the plantation through the contract in a specific site, namely, post-emancipation Puerto Rico.
Who Comes after the Anthropocene?
Authors:   The University of New Wales, Kirby Vicky
Published: March 2024

I remember my immediate fascination with an edited collection, now twenty years old, Who Comes After the Subject? The title seemed to entirely displace the identity of the subject, the “of-courseness” of its uniquely human definition. Indeed, its provocation did more than destabilise the what and where of the subject, as if we might extend this complexity, albeit in attenuated form, to non-human entities. The more radical implication was a destabilisation of human identity itself—its circumscribed location—together with the progress narrative that made the arrival of language, technology and agential smarts synonymous with human achievement. As contemporary concern about planetary health is galvanized around the unique power of human agency to either ruin or redeem an impassive and defenceless Nature, a “before” that lacks what being a subject affords, this article will linger over the logic that continues to sustain this story. By reworking Derrida’s “originary writing” as “originary humanicity,” a different sense of ecological involvement might be possible.
Du Rien-Pour-Nous Que La Mort: Derrida Épicure
Authors:   UC Riverside, Lezra Jacques
Published: March 2024

Le séminaire “La vie la mort” de Derrida opère, comme d’avance motivé par ses suites et comme contresigné par ce nom qui n’apparaît pas—le nom d’Épicure—un virage vers un matérialisme non productif, non représentationnel, dépourvu en quelque sorte de statut ontologique, voire non ontologisable, triomphant, normatif, voué à une économie de la cause. Nietzsche, lecteur antagonique d’Épicure (Lettre à Ménécée: “Accoutume-toi à considérer que la mort n'est rien pour nous”)—constitue son écran-substitut. Nietzsche, dont la lecture sert à fermer-ouvrir les grandes boucles du séminaire de Derrida. Il s’agit donc de fouiller “La vie la mort” à la recherche des traces de la rencontre Nietzsche-Épicure—une rencontre définitive, elle, bien qu’invisible et silencieuse, bien que presqu’illisible dans le texte de Derrida, au sujet du rapport “la vie la mort.”
"The Force of the Event": Performative Failures and Queer Repetitions in Austin, Butler, and Derrida
Authors:   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Mercier Thomas Clément
Published: March 2024

Much has been written on Derrida’s and Butler's discussions of Austin’s speech act theory, but one thing at least remains unclear: why does performativity hinge on the notion of “force,” and what “force” are we here talking about? For Austin, the force of the performative signals a performative enforcement, a validating repetition of prior conditions of legitimation: it testifies to the “felicity” or “success” of the performative event.According to Derrida, this articulation between force and success closes off the eventness of the event; it implies an ontological reduction and reconstruction, that is, an appropriation of the event in the form of performative power. However, the performative, if it is to truly produce an event, must exceed prior conditions of validation and transform, in its performance, the conditions of validity it was meant to repeat. Eventness must remain beyond and without power. In this perspective, the article explores the “force” which Derrida describes as “force of the event”: an excessive force in the face of which “performative force” must fail. At bottom undecidable, “the force of the event” suggests the fallibility of force and the force of fallibility. I compare this self-deconstructive notion of force with Butler’s subversive politics of the performative, which theorizes “performative force” as the force of a failure – but a successful failure – to comply with the norm: a non-normative repetition and a reappropriation that forces change, and of which “queer” is at once the example, the model, and the very name. While Derrida’s is an attempt to think the uncanny force of a strange, non-appropriable, non-ontologizable, and perhaps “queer” event or quasi-event, characterized by fallibility and undecidability, Butler’s theory of power and her notion of “performative force” reverse, but fundamentally maintain, Austin’s ontological oppositions between success and failure, legitimacy and illegitimacy, repetition and change.
Hegel, Pensador de la escisión: Principio de Apercepción como clave de lectura de la introducción de la Fenomenología del Espíritu
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Castillo Vallez Javier
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo propone una clave de lectura para entender el rol estructural de saber y verdad, expuesto por Hegel en la introducción de la Fenomenología del espíritu, a partir del principio de apercepción kantiano y la noción de múltiple sin más. Se verá que esto desemboca en una escisión originaria que Hegel primeramente rechaza en el escrito sobre la Diferencia, pero que luego debe suponer en la introducción de la Fenomenología para que este proyecto cobre consistencia.
Adam Smith y la igualdad: continuidades y tensiones dentro de su teoría
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Olivares C. Yerko
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo se propone abordar la obra de Adam Smith con el objeto de identificar una posible “teoría sobre la igualdad” en el corpus del filósofo escocés. Nuestro planteamiento cuestiona el ideario colectivo en torno a este autor, según el cual se lo caracteriza como cercano al anti-igualitarismo de ciertas corrientes liberales. Basándonos en investigaciones hechas en los últimos años por algunos estudiosos de Smith, expondremos argumentos e ideas presentes en su obra que se pueden asociar a posiciones igualitaristas y que muestran que su postura sobre este tema es más compleja de lo que se cree. En esta línea, con el fin de evidenciar la posición de Smith acerca de la igualdad, presentaremos su concepción sobre el surgimiento de la desigualdad y ciertas ideas plasmadas en La Riqueza de las Naciones y en Teoría de los Sentimientos Morales relevantes para la discusión. En esta tarea, tomaremos como principal referente el trabajo de Samuel Fleischacker, cuya interpretación de Smith -que será complementada con análisis propios- tenemos también el objeto de difundir.
La dialéctica durante los "años rojos": la matriz de la escisión y la politicidad de la teoría en Alain Badiou
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Filloy Constanza
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo se centra en la construcción badiouana de la dialéctica y su politicidad durante los llamados “años rojos” (1966-1976). Procuro destacar el carácter político de la dialéctica a partir de una doble hipótesis. En primer lugar, sostendré que la construcción badiouana de la dialéctica otorga una respuesta inmanente y localista al problema de la relación entre la estructura y la historia. En este sentido, organizaré la respuesta de Badiou a dicha problemática a partir de su adopción del principio de la escisión en Teoría del sujeto [1982], para mostrar en qué medida dicha respuesta condensa una serie de desplazamientos inherentes a la dialéctica estructural y la dialéctica histórica en la teoría del sujeto. La segunda hipótesis que desarrollaré es que la propuesta de Badiou permanece en un plano politizante que a su vez restringe la discusión estratégico-política a un ámbito especulativo. Argumentaré que la dialéctica badiouana elabora la relación entre estructura e historia a favor de una subjetividad militante afirmativa, que sería complementada de manera provechosa por un intercambio con la historia efectiva y por un estudio de las luchas emancipadoras.
From Platonic Gesture to the Theory of Discourses. On Some Unplublished Notes by Badiou on Philosophical Discourse
Authors:   Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Biccoca, Clemente Giacomo
Published: March 2024

This article will examine some theses that Badiou developed in the first period of his philosophy, when he was close to the theoretical horizon of Althusserianism. The article traces a route back from the Manifesto for Philosophy to some yet unpublished notes, dating from the late Sixties, on an aborted collective project on materialist philosophy. While, according to the later Badiou – who is also the most well-known – contemporary philosophical discourse should recover the Platonic gesture after Heidegger, it will be shown that the early Badiou, by debating the nature of the Platonic gesture with Macherey, seems to conceptualise philosophical discourse and its function under the inseparable link of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. The article ends with some open questions for a possible theory of discourse that would build on Badiou’s theoretical insights.
Badiou´s Social Ontology: Another Theory of the Subject
Authors:   Vassar College (US), Nemli Osman
Published: March 2024

This article tackles a thorny issue within the reception of Badiou’s philosophy, i.e., the question of the role of the “social” within the ontological framework it outlines. Acknowledging that the question of the social is underdeveloped in Badiou’s system, the paper argues that there are resources in it to develop a social ontology, and attempos to flesh it out through an original and sustained reading of Badiou’s key formula on the distinction between democratic materialism and materialist dialectic: “there are only bodies and languages, except that there are truths”.
Lady Chandos and the Humanity Function: Reading the Postscript to J. M. Coetzee´s Elizabeth Costello with Lacan and Badiou
Authors:   The University of Melbourne, Hile Fiona
Published: March 2024

Badiou has said that his entire philosophical project stems from the need to “update” the traditional philosophical categories of Truth, Being, the Infinite and the Universal in the wake of the 19th Century German mathematician Georg Cantor’s explication of transfinite set theory. In his essay, “What is Love?”, he provides an account of one of the ways in which a post-Cantorian reconfiguration of the ontological status of the category of Woman might operate. This is given in the form of a postscript subtitled “The Feminine Position and Humanity” wherein he gives Lacan’s conception of supplementary feminine jouissance “an extra turn of the screw”. This essay draws on Badiou’s reconfiguration of the philosophical category of Woman to examine the implications of another postscript, that which abruptly concludes the 2003 novel Elizabeth Costello by J. M. Coetzee. It reads Coetzee’s invention of the “Letter of Elizabeth, Lady Chandos” with recourse to Lacanian psychoanalytic theory and on through the ontological reconfiguration of the philosophical category of Woman demonstrated by Badiou. It argues that Coetzee assembles, through the intervention of the postscript, a situation that “makes it possible to argue”, along with Badiou, that, for the woman position, love knots together the four types of truths – Politics, Art, Science, and Love (2008, 196).
La estrategia especulativa. Sobre la cuestión ontológica y meta-ontológica en la Filosofía de Badiou
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Temuco, Grasset B. Jean-Paul
Published: March 2024

Este artículo aborda la reciente actualización de la propuesta filosófica general de Badiou a partir del planteamiento específico de una “estrategia especulativa” en el reciente libro La inmanencia de las verdades. Sostengo la hipótesis de que la idea de una “estrategia especulativa” es un tercer estadio en el proyecto de Badiou denominado “filosofía del acontecimiento”, que cumple y radicaliza los anteriores estadios de “platonismo de lo múltiple” y “comunismo de la Idea”, cuya continuidad descansa en la unidad interna de su proyecto a partir de la ligazón entre su apuesta ontológica y meta-ontológica como filosofía necesariamente sistemática. En primer lugar, mostraré los elementos generales de la filosofía de Badiou explicitando sus etapas y la emergencia de lo que denominaré “filosofía del acontecimiento y del ser múltiple”. En segundo lugar, profundizaré específicamente a partir de la convergencia de la tesis ontológica y meta-ontológica, para caracterizar la apuesta del autor como proyecto sistemático desligado de la ontoteología mediante el recurso especulativo a la matemática para pensar la infinitud. A partir de esto, finalmente, sostendré que la “estrategia” de la obra reciente del autor implica, en términos generales, una especificación del rol de la matemática dentro de su ontología especulativa.
El concepto simondiano de percepción etológica y el influjo del apeiron preplatónico
Authors:   Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Bórquez Zeto
Published: March 2024

Rastreamos un concepto de “percepción etológica” en Gilbert Simondon asociado a una “etología metaestable” que podría desarticular la diferenciación entre los regímenes de individuación físico y viviente establecida claramente por el filósofo francés en La individuación a la luz de las nociones de forma e información. Nos situamos en el curso El hombre y el objeto (1974-1975), donde aparece una idea de “objeto-organismo” que desencadena dicha problemática. En un segundo momento, indagamos sobre el fundamento preplatónico de lo “preindividual” en La individuación y el énfasis en la noción de apeiron (lo “ilimitado”), pues ello le permite a Simondon plantear una “carga de naturaleza” que se mantiene en las entidades individuadas como resto potencial, lo cual proponemos como clave para interpretar la dimensión “etológica” mencionada en relación con la percepción. Concluimos con algunas proyecciones que profundizan en esta posibilidad a propósito de Protágoras y del “materialismo especulativo” de Quentin Meillassoux.
Terra Incognita Critical Notes on the Anthropocene
Authors:   Shanxi University, Doust Dariush M.
Published: March 2024

The concept of the Anthropocene, originally proposed by Paul Crutzen and Eugene Stoermer in 2000, denotes the human-dominated geological epoch that follows the earlier Holocene. This article critically investigates productive potentials, ambiguities, and implications of this concept. It starts with the recent past postmodernist notions as a contrasting background and relates the idea of a pending disaster to the scalar differences between earth systems and human literary and artistic practices. Poiesis is the key concept discussed and explained throughout the article. This proposed concept is based on Marx’s idea of the deployment of productive powers (natural or human) as an end in itself. The discussions encompass arts and literature as well as ontological and ethical issues. The main conclusion, presented in the last section, connects the critique of the concept of Anthropocene to the urgency of a collective project based on what I call the principle of sharing.
Una razón en falta. Foucault y Don Quijote
Authors:   Université Paris-Est Créteil, Fielbaum Alejandro
Published: March 2024

Tras esbozar la noción de la ficción en Borges a partir de la alegría que este último lee en Don Quijote, buscamos mostrar cómo la obra de Foucault no presenta una lectura alegre de la novela cervantina. El filósofo francés ve allí el testimonio trágico de una locura que se aísla, la risa de la razón frente a la locura que confunde las palabras y las cosas. Frente a ello, la lectura lacaniana del barroco muestra la falta en medio de la representación, y así la opción de leer, en Don Quijote, cierta crítica de la razón en la razón. Terminamos mostrando esa chance a partir de los juegos del significante en la transformación del yelmo de Mambrino en baciyelmo.
Dos problemas en la división de las causas: Número y ser en acto o en potencia en "De principiis naturae" 5
Authors:   Universidad Finis Terrae, Rego Thomas
Published: March 2024

La división de las causas en el De principiis naturae 5 de Tomás de Aquino establece de cuántas maneras pueden distinguirse las cuatro clásicas causas aristotélicas. El texto presenta varias dificultades y las principales son la determinación del número de las divisiones y la no necesaria contemporaneidad del ser en potencia de una causa y de su causado. Nuestro objetivo es resolverlas a través de un análisis pormenorizado del texto latino, que resulta en un comentario completo al capítulo, lo cual es un aporte secundario. A través de este análisis resolvemos las dificultades principales. Primero, al descubrir una distinción tácita entre divisiones de causas en cuanto consideradas en sí mismas y en cuanto conocidas y verbalizadas por los seres humanos, el número de las divisiones es finalmente siete (cuatro fundadas en el ser y tres en el modo de conocer). Esta distinción tiene un signo lingüístico en las expresiones ‘item’ y ‘sciendum est quod’. Segundo, la eventual no contemporaneidad entre los estados potenciales de una causa y su causado se puede justificar respetando la predicación singular, al considerar que un arquitecto, una vez construida una casa, está en potencia de reconstruirla, si ésta perdiera las causas internas de su integridad.
La doble vía del origen del nominalismo en la edad media desde la visión de José Luis Romero
Authors:   Universidad Gabriela Mistral, Muñoz Medina Ceferino
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo se ofrece un acercamiento explicativo al surgimiento del nominalismo medieval desde la perspectiva planteada por el historiador argentino José Luis Romero. Romero sugiere que existe una doble fuente, a saber, una histórica y otra filosófica. La primera de esas sería de orden empírico y correspondería a la burguesía y a su mentalidad. La segunda fuente, la académica, sería la que surge de la conocida querella de los universales durante los siglos XI y XII. Estas dos fuentes habrían sido la condición de posibilidad de posteriores desarrollos teóricos del nominalismo, los cuales suprimirán la idea de universal como algo real y sostendrán que lo único real son las cosas concretas, sensibles, mientras que los conceptos constituyen palabras vacías.
La excedencia del gozo. Por una relectura antinómica de la fenomenología material de Michel Henry
Authors:   Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Alvarado Cabellos Ángel
Published: March 2024

Si Michel Henry ha reclamado para su filosofía el título de “fenomenología material”, ello se debe a un intento por desentrañar la “substancia fenomenológica invisible” del aparecer en tanto la inmediación patética en la cual la vida se experimenta a sí misma. Si dicho auto-aparecer de la vida consiste en la “unidad no tautológica” del “sufrir” en tanto la pasividad originaria a sí mismo y el “gozo” en tanto la efectuación en la que el sentirse se lleva a cabo, proponemos reinterpretar dicha unidad a partir de una “estructura antinómica”. Así, si el sufrimiento designa la excedencia de la pasividad originaria en tanto “imposibilidad”, el gozo debe ser entendido en tanto la excedencia de una “transpasibilidad”. Dicho sobrepasamiento tiene como consecuencia el que la “hiper-potencia” se traduzca en una “hiper-contingencia” en un doble sentido. Por un lado, como la contingencia de todo pretendido “estar-en-posesión-de-sí”, incluido el del fenomenólogo mismo, es decir, como la “transgresión” de su propia arquitectónica. Por otro lado, si dicha contingencia aspira a sobrepasar todo “monismo ontológico”, entonces solo puede tener lugar en tanto “con-tagio”, es decir, en tanto una sobreabundancia de “con-tactos”.
Richir, Trarkowskij und die Zone der Affektivität
Authors:   Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Flock Philip
Published: March 2024

Untersuchungsgegenstand ist ein systematischer Vergleich zwischen Marc Richirs Phänomenologie der Affectivität und Andrej Tarkowskijs Konzeption des Films als lebendiges Zeitbild, illustriert am Beispiel des Werks „Stalker“. Als tertium comparationis dient der Gedanke einer „archaischen“ oder „elementaren“ Affectivität. Eine solche philosophisch-ästhetische Reflexion eröffnet die Möglickkeit, den architektonischen Status klassische Ideen der Philosophie zu prüfen und umzugestalten. Beide Theoretiker behandeln den Gegensatz von Immanenz und Tranzendenz auf eine Weise, die metaphysische Grundstellung von Ich, Welt und Gott unterwandert und durch ein Denken der Schwelle, der Transition oder Transposition ersetzen. Mithilfe Richirs lässt sich die Struktur der „Zone“ als hyperbolisches Phanomen lesen. Erst inmitten seiner Simulacren un Instabilitäten kommt die Humanität al Rätsel zur Erscheinung, d.h., als Selbstreflexivität eines sich bildenden Sinns. Diese Reflexivität phänomenalisiert sich, so die weitere These, diesseits der Unterscheidung von Denken und Fühlen. Der Aufsatz versucht einen Beitrag zur phänomenologischen Ästhetik zu liefern. Mittels Konstellationsanalyse werden in einer ersten Annäherung allgemein-architektonische Isomorphien und Kohärenzen beider Ansätze herausgestellt.
Scheler lecteur de "L´éthique protestante" de Weber: psychologie phénoménologique et histoire
Authors:   Alexander von Humboldt - Stiftung, Slama Paul
Published: March 2024

Dans cet article, on élabore une réflexion sur les rapports entre intentionnalité et histoire du capitalisme à partir du commentaire schélérien de L’Éthique protestante de Max Weber. Nous montrons d’abord que la psychologie est un moyen de dépasser l’alternative ruineuse entre matérialisme et idéalisme de par sa position centrale dans la genèse des phénomènes sociaux : les individus capitalistes sont portés au travail notamment par des incitations psychologiques qui sont déterminées autant par le contenu du dogme que les conditions sociales de sa pratique. Nous montrons ensuite que la phénoménologie de Scheler décrit une intentionnalité historique en écart avec l’intentionnalité qui vise des essences axiologiques : le capitalisme substitue à l’amour un pseudo a priori contingent qui détermine l’intentionnalité à partir du ressentiment et de l’angoisse, celle-là même dont Weber, au moyen de la figure du puritain abandonné par un dieu hyper-transcendant et épouvanté par son statut sotériologique, faisait l’histoire. Ainsi, on essaie d’indiquer, en compagnie de Scheler, les outils phénoménologiques pour penser l’intentionnalité non pas comme la visée qui aurait toujours déjà disposé d’un donné intuitif, mais comme une instance d’essentialisation constamment contrariée par le processus historique, qui fait écart par rapport à la visée phénoménologique des essences – comme si Scheler faisait usage de ce qu’on pourrait appeler une phénoménologie négative.
The Legal Regime of the Database in the Conditions of Informatization of Society
Authors: Belousov Vladimir , Bayanova Zhanna
Published: March 2024

The active use of information technology has been affecting all spheres of life for decades. The research examined the legal regime of the database as an object of civil circulation, which is one of the results of the informatization of society. We analyzed the features of the database as a software product and as an object of intellectual property. Proposals are formulated to improve the legal definition of the database. The dual status of the database, which can be the object of copyright (creative database) and (or) the object of related rights (investment database), is investigated. The statutory criterion used to determine the materiality of the costs incurred to create a database as an object of related rights has been recognized as biased. The study proposed an approach to determine the materiality of the costs of the database manufacturer. The judicial practice on the issue of protection of rights to databases is analyzed with focus on the conclusions made by the Court for Intellectual Property Rights. The study analyzed the legal regime of such IT development as block chain. The research did not support the thesis that the block chain is a database in the sense enshrined in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The study examined the approach, according to which the block chain is a special kind of technology that is not regulated by the norms of civil law. We concluded that for the effective use of the analyzed institution, it is necessary to improve approaches to its regulation.
The Effect of Educational Digital Games on Academic Success and Attitude in 3rd Grade Mathematics Class
Authors: KOCABATMAZ Handan , SARAÇOĞLU Gülçin Kezban
Published: March 2024

Educational digital games are games designed for educational purposes. These games are used to provide students with certain knowledge, and designated with a with a view to improving their skills or to shaping their behavior. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of educational digital games Wordwall and Matific used in teaching primary school mathematics course on student achievement and attitude. Pre-test and post-test were applied to the experimental and control groups of the study in which quasi-experimental method was used. The study group consisted of 48 students studying in the 3rd grade of a public primary school. In the experimental group of the study, educational digital games Wordwall and Matific were used in the measurement unit of the mathematics course (length, perimeter, area, and liquid measurement). In the control group, the same subject was presented in accordance with the instructions in the third grade mathematics teacher's guide provided by Republic of Türkiye Ministry of National Education. The data were collected with the 20-question "Mathematics Achievement Test", which was jointly determined by the classroom teachers and the researchers, and the "Mathematics Course Attitude Scale" consisting of 13 items developed by Ayvaz (2010). In the analysis of the data, t-test for independent and dependent groups, which is one of the parametric tests appropriate to the research hypotheses, was applied. The findings of the study show the effectiveness of educational digital games in affecting students' academic achievement and attitudes. Based on this result, it is recommended that teachers should benefit from trainings in order to use educational digital games effectively in lessons.
Development of the ‘Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale on Activities Supporting Motor Development (MSS-S)’ in Preschool Education
Authors: CİVELEK Perihan , UYANIK Gülden
Published: March 2024

The main aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive scale to assess preschool teachers' self-efficacy to facilitate motor development activities. Scale validation was assessed through content, construct, and criterion validity, while reliability was determined through Cronbach's alpha and test-retest analyses. It was found that the content validity ratio of the items exceeded the threshold of 0.56 after content validity analysis. In addition, the content validity index for the scale was calculated to be a robust 0.903. A sample of 361 preschool teachers were then administered the scale. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the data obtained. The results of the EFA showed that the factor loading values ranged from 0.52 to 0.83. Following the EFA, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was carried out, which resulted in a χ2/df value of 1.657. Other goodness of fit indices were as follows: GFI=0.90, TLI=0.94, IFI=0.95, CFI=0.95, RMSEA=0.043, SRMR=0.052. Overall, the scale explained 51.242% of the total variance. Consequently, the initial form was refined into a 27-item, 3-factor structure as a result of factor analysis. In terms of the criterion validity analysis, a significant positive relationship emerged between the scale and a comparable instrument measuring a related construct. Furthermore, regarding reliability analysis, the scale showed a high Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.88. The scale's test-retest reliability was confirmed with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.77. In conclusion, this study provided a scale that can be deemed both valid and reliable for the assessment of the self-efficacy of preschool teachers in implementing motor development activities.
Modified Promega Wizard Extraction for Barcoding Macrofungi v2
Authors: Douglas Russell Stephen
Published: March 2024

'This protocol is best used when preparing macrofungal specimens for Sanger sequencing or as a secondary extraction protocol for ONT nanopore barcoding. The quality of a DNA extraction method is a primary limiting factor in the total number of samples that will return a result with nanopore barcoding of fungi. The "quick" extraction protocol will often yield a positive result for 80-85% of general fungal collections (less if biased with polypores and recalcitrant species). Utilizing this extraction protocol pushes that number to nearly 100%. It is more time consuming and utilizes more expensive chemicals, but may be worth considering for important specimens that fail with the quick extraction protocol.
Trend analysis of the development of Indonesian local disaster: A bibliometric study
Authors: Rafii Aminkun Imam
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze trends in the development of disaster education studies in Indonesia by considering the literature and its implementation. Bibliometric and network analysis is carried out based on the visualization of research trends in disaster education in Indonesia. Based on 35 articles analyzed, the result shows that disaster education has received increasing attention from researchers in recent years. Then, research mainly focused on simulation-based disaster education and limited training. However, this trend in disaster education research has overgrown since mid-2016 and will peak in 2022. This study also involves geographic mapping of disaster education research in several regions of Indonesia. The findings show that Central Java is the main focus of the study. However, the research also involves other areas in Indonesia vulnerable to disasters, such as Aceh, South Sumatra, North Sumatra, Jakarta, East Java, Sulawesi, and Jayapura. This study also found that disaster education literature's dominant discussion trend is "Local Wisdom-Based Disaster Education." This research underscores the importance of innovation in disaster education through local wisdom and various tools. The results of this study also show that journals with SINTA 3 and SINTA 5 indexes have more publications related to disaster education. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tren perkembangan kajian pendidikan bencana di Indonesia dengan mempertimbangkan literatur dan implementasinya. Analisis bibliometrik dan jaringan dilakukan berdasarkan visualisasi tren penelitian pendidikan bencana di Indonesia. Berdasarkan 35 artikel yang dianalisis, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan kebencanaan semakin mendapat perhatian para peneliti dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Kemudian, penelitian terutama difokuskan pada pendidikan kebencanaan berbasis simulasi dan pelatihan terbatas. Namun tren penelitian pendidikan bencana ini telah berkembang sejak pertengahan tahun 2016 dan akan mencapai puncaknya pada tahun 2022. Kajian ini juga melibatkan pemetaan geografis penelitian pendidikan bencana di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Jawa Tengah menjadi fokus utama penelitian. Namun penelitian tersebut juga melibatkan daerah lain di Indonesia yang rawan bencana, seperti Aceh, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Jakarta, Jawa Timur, Sulawesi, dan Jayapura. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa tren pembahasan literatur pendidikan kebencanaan yang dominan adalah “Pendidikan Kebencanaan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal”. Penelitian ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya inovasi dalam pendidikan kebencanaan melalui kearifan lokal dan berbagai alatnya. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa jurnal dengan indeks SINTA 3 dan SINTA 5 memiliki publikasi terkait pendidikan kebencanaan lebih banyak.Kata Kunci: Analisis bibliometric; analisis jaringan; mitigasi bencana; pendidikan kebencanaan; tren bencana lokal.
Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı’nın Kültürel Yetkinlik ve Beceriler Işığında İncelenmesi: Türkiye 2018 Programı Örneği
Authors: Diken Fatih , Ablak Selman
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışma Sosyal bilgiler dersi öğretim programını öğrencilerden 21. yüzyılda sahip olunması beklenen kültürel beceriler boyutuyla incelemiştir. Bu kapsamda önce literatürde bulunan çeşitli 21. yüzyıl yetkinlik ve beceri çerçeveleri incelenmiş ve bu çerçevelerin kültür ile ilgili boyutları belirlenerek konuyla ilgili özgün bir çerçeve ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra belirlenen bu beceri setlerinin programdaki beceri ve kazanımlara olan yansımaları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması deseni kullanılmış, veri toplama yöntemi olarak da doküman incelemesi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesi ise içerik analizi yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; kültürel yetkinlikler araştırmacılar tarafından altı başlık halinde kategorize edilmiştir. Programda kültürel okuryazarlık adı altında somut bir beceriye rastlanamamış ancak konuyla doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak ilişkili olduğu düşünülen beceriler tespit edilmiştir. Programda yer verilen kazanımlar incelendiğinde ise çeşitli kültürel yetkinlikler altında yer alan 46 adet kazanım bulunmuştur. Araştırmacılar, mevcut programın kültürlerarası becerileri kazandırma konusunda yetersiz kaldığı konusunda hemfikirdir. Gelecek yıllarda yapılacak olan müfredat güncellemeleri ve yeniliklerle, kültürel becerilerin müfredat içinde daha somut ifadelerle yer alması ve programın içinde kültürler arası becerilere daha fazla vurgu yapılması beklenilmektedir.
Growth mindset, Grit, and Academic Self-efficacy as determinants of Academic Performance in Peruvian university students
Authors: Correa-Rojas Jossue , Grimaldo Mirian , Marcelo-Torres Estefani , Manzanares-Medina Eduardo , Ravelo-Contreras Ernesto L.
Published: March 2024

Currently, the study of non-cognitive variables and their effect on the academic performance of students has gained relevance. In view of that, the purpose of the present study was to analyze through structural equation modeling to what extent growth mindset, self-efficacy, and grit have direct effects on student performance. For this, an explanatory design of latent variables was followed, in which 305 university students participated, including men (41.8%) and women (58.2%), who reported an average age of 22.8 (SD = 3.5), all included due to convenience. To measure the independent variables, the ITIS (growth mindset), Grit-S (tenacity) and EPAESA (academic self-efficacy) were applied, while for the measurement of the dependent variable, the grades of the students of the two last semesters were used. Among the main findings, it is reported that growth mindset, grit, and self-efficacy have direct and significant effects on the academic performance of students. In conclusion, this set of non‑cognitive variables successfully explains the academic performance of the study participants.
Decentralization in Ukraine: Reorganizing Core–Periphery Relations?
Authors: Ilyniak Sophia
Published: March 2024

This article seeks to determine whether (and how) Ukraine’s Decentralization Reform is reorganizing core-periphery relations. Involving a profound rescaling and reterritorialization of the nation-state, the reform is widely considered one of the most transformational policies of the three decades of the country’s independence and is credited with fostering local self-governance and motivating resistance in the war with Russia. However, such emancipatory ideals promoted by Western institutions and reflected in urbanist literature are contradicted by ongoing economic restructuring—austerity, privatization, and deregulation—where the devolvement of responsibility has placed Ukrainian localities into the competitive environment of place entrepreneurialism. The article outlines how the Decentralization Reform’s attempts to address uneven geographical development are instead reproducing unevenness across local, national, and global scales and advancing the (re)production of neoliberal capitalist space. The global philanthropic project of rebuilding Ukrainian cities in the face of imperial war is intensifying this dynamic, making Ukrainian (sub)urban space an important site for exploring alternatives within and beyond the post-Soviet condition.
Qualitative Cusp Catastrophe Multi-Agent Simulation Model to Explore Abrupt Changes in Online Impulsive Buying Behavior
Authors: Wei Xiaochao ,   Wuhan University of Technology, Zhang Yanfei ,   Wuhan University of Technology, Luo Xin (Robert) ,   University of New Mexico, Pan Gangmei ,   Wuhan University of Technology, Nie Guihua ,   Wuhan University of Technology
Published: March 2024

We develop a qualitative catastrophe (a nonlinear sudden violent change) multi-agent simulation model to investigate the evolution of group behavior, specifically abrupt changes in online impulsive buying (OIB) behavior. Studies have rarely investigated the mechanism of abrupt changes in OIB at the group level. To address the research gaps and advance this area of research, we employed a sequential multiple-methods approach. First, we designed a questionnaire to obtain and analyze consumer data to identify OIB drivers. Second, we built a qualitative catastrophe model based on empirical findings to describe sudden changes in the OIB behavior of individuals by merging catastrophe theory (CT) and qualitative simulation (QSIM). Finally, grounded in the qualitative catastrophe model, we constructed an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate group-level OIB behavior. The empirical findings revealed the following. (1) Sudden changes in group-level OIB occur as consumers’ sense of quantified self increases when self-control is low. (2) The greater the number of consumers with a proving preference (who prefer to prove their competence and performance to others) in the group, the higher the possibility of catastrophe; the scale of catastrophe increases significantly with the enhancement of product information features. (3) We identify optimal gamification for sudden increases in group-level OIB; the larger the degree of social networking is, the higher the likelihood of catastrophe behavior. Our proposed combination of a survey study, QSIM, and an ABM is a plausible solution for behavioral research on consumers, and the integration paradigm could help maintain market stability and promote products.
Content and Style of Firm-Generated Posts on Social Media: A Study of User Engagement on Hedonic and Utilitarian Product Pages on Facebook
Authors: Schanke Scott ,   University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Ray Gautam ,   University of Minnesota, Adomavicius Gediminas ,   University of Minnesota, Wagle Mihir ,   University of Minnesota
Published: March 2024

Social media platforms are increasingly crucial in corporate engagement, but there is limited research delineating how page characteristics influence firm behavior on these platforms. This paper examines the relationship between firm-generated content and user engagement on product pages and whether a page’s characteristics and content motivations moderate this relationship. Analyzing a sample of 29,267 posts on 85 Facebook product pages of 49 Fortune 1000 firms, we studied the relationship between the content (i.e., informational vs. emotional) and style (i.e., formal vs. informal) of a given post and the level of user engagement. The key finding is that in the content dimension, “incongruous” posts, i.e., content not traditionally expected for a product page of a given type, generate more favorable engagement. Also, informal style posts achieve more favorable engagement irrespective of the product page characteristics. The secondary discovery is attributable to Facebook’s function as a social media network where acquaintances engage with one another. The platform’s unwritten protocol of communication largely emphasizes informality, which is likely the driver of this observation. These findings contribute to the burgeoning social media strategy literature illustrating how product page characteristics moderate effective social media content strategies.