bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Política de educación ambiental en Colombia, 2002-2010
Authors: Badillo Mendoza Miguel Ezequiel
Published: March 2017

Se presenta1 el marco histórico de los procesos que incidieron en la Política de Educación Ambiental entre 2002 y 2010 en Colombia, tomando como ejes los procesos de transformación del Ministerio del Medio Ambiente y la denominada Revolución Educativa. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo, con un enfoque histórico-hermenéutico, y la técnica utilizada es la investigación documental. Como resultado, se identificó un contexto histórico caracterizado por una visión economicista, una posición guerrerista en detrimento de las necesidades sociales y una modificación de aspectos estructurantes en el sistema político de Colombia. Se concluye que estos procesos han generado retraso y afectado la evolución que desde la década de los años setenta del siglo XX, y en especial a partir de la Constitución de 1991, se instalaron en procura de solucionar las diversas problemáticas ambientales.
Composición química y enriquecimiento del lactosuero de leche de caprino para la producción de ácido láctico con Lactobacillus helveticus
Authors: Plata Pinzón Alejandra , Ramírez Sandra Milena , Riaño Campo Elías
Published: March 2017

El lacto suero de leche de caprino es un subproducto de bajo valor económico, concebido en Colombia como un desecho industrial y con impacto ambiental para los ecosistemas-DBO 60,000 ppm y DQO de 80,000 ppm), de allí que en este trabajo se caracterizó el suero, y se evaluó la pertinencia de la cepa Lactobacillus helveticus (LH) 0- 0,91 para la producción de ácido láctico a partir de lacto suero de leche de caprino enriquecido con tres nutrientes; variables que se estudiaron siguiendo un diseño greco latino. Para tal efecto, se llevaron a cabo 16 cinéticas en un
biofermentador intermitente conteniendo 250 mililitros de lacto suero de leche de caprino en donde la mayor producción de ácido láctico-17.72 gramos por litro se logra después de las 50 horas para el medio que contiene extracto de levadura 2,5 %, riboflavina 0,6 % y sulfato de amonio 0,45 % operando el biofermentador a 42 ºC. Se concluyó que además de producir ácido láctico, el LH es una alternativa para evitar la contaminación de ecosistemas puesto que generaría un valor agregado a la agroindustria quesera.
Almacenamiento de carbono en arreglos agroforestales asociados con café (Coffea arabica) en el sur de Colombia
Authors: Vega Orozco Gustavo , Ordoñez Espinosa Claudia Mercedes , Suarez Salazar Juan Carlos , López Pantoja César Fabián
Published: March 2017

Se calculó la cantidad de carbono almacenado en cuatro tipologías de sombra en sistemas cafeteros del sur de Colombia: Alta densidad de árboles con sombra diversificada (Alta.Dens), Guamo en alta densidad (Guam.Ad), Nogal en alta densidad (Nog.Ad), Plátano con baja diversidad (Plat. Bdiv), Sombra compleja diversificada (Com.Div), mediante el uso de ecuaciones alométricas para medición biomasa; el estudio se desarrolló entre Junio y Diciembre de 2012. Las tipologías con mayor tasa de almacenamiento de carbono fueron: Com.Div y Guam.Ad con 87,37 y 58,11 t ha-1 de C respectivamente. Las tipologías Alta.Dens y Guam.Ad presentaron menor tasa de almacenamiento de carbono. Se encontró relación entre el % de cobertura de las tipologías y el aumento en la acumulación de carbono; es decir, los sistemas con mayor diversificación presentaron mayores valores de acumulación de carbono.
Efectos del cambio climático sobre la producción de papa en el municipio de Villapinzón (Cundinamarca-Colombia) a partir del Enfoque Ricardiano
Authors: González Velandia Krystle Danitza , Galera Gelvez Katia Cecilia
Published: March 2017

La agricultura es uno de los sectores más vulnerables al cambio climático debido a su directa dependencia de las condiciones climáticas. Para medir los efectos del cambio climático sobre la agricultura se han desarrollado diferentes metodologías, dentro de éstas aparece el enfoque Ricardiano, el cual permite cuantificar los efectos del cambio climático asumiendo que el valor del suelo va a depender de su productividad, y de la capacidad de adaptación de los productores. La presente investigación, muestra los efectos del cambio climático sobre la producción de papa en el municipio de Villapinzón (Cundinamarca-Colombia) a partir del enfoque Ricardiano, en búsqueda de pronósticos que reflejen efectos exclusivos a nivel local. En este caso se encontró que los efectos están ligados a la disponibilidad de agua, acceso a servicios básicos, al casco urbano, y además se encontró que los efectos asociados a aumentos de temperatura en la producción de papa van a ser positivos, ya que el precio de la tierra tenderá a incrementarse para el 2040, 2070 y 2100.
Fertilización con vermicomposta en maíz criollo y su tasa de descomposición en el suelo
Authors: García Sañudo Juan Ángel , Villarreal Romero Manuel , Sánchez Peña Pedro , Parra Terraza Saúl , Hernández Verdugo Sergio
Published: March 2017

Las tierras agrícolas en Sinaloa se han cultivado por más de 50 años de manera intensiva, con un uso creciente de fertilizantes químicos y reducida aplicación de abonos orgánicos, lo cual ha desembocado en un problema ambiental que va en aumento paulatinamente; es por esto que el presente trabajo se enfoca en el estudio de la aplicación de abonos orgánicos como la vermicomposta y el supermagro en el cultivo de maíz criollo. Los tratamientos estudiados fueron: T1= Maíz criollo fertilizantes orgánicos y con fertilización mineral; T2= Maíz criollo con fertilizantes orgánicos y sin fertilización mineral; T3= Maíz criollo sin fertilizantes orgánicos y con fertilización mineral; T4= Maíz criollo sin fertilización; T5= Maíz híbrido con fertilización mineral de N, P y K y T6= Maíz híbrido sin fertilización. Se utilizaron 3 t ha-1 de vermicomposta en presiembra, 250 L ha-1 de supermagro y fertilizantes minerales 350 N, 120 P, 0 K; el diseño experimental fue bloques completos al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. Las variables de respuesta fueron: liberación de CO2 del suelo, tasa de descomposición de vermicomposta en suelo y rendimiento de grano de maíz. La acumulación de biomasa en etapas de desarrollo de maíz fue beneficiada por el estimulo de la concentración de CO2 al obtener un rendimiento aceptable de grano, con aplicación de vermicomposta como fertilizante orgánico, concluyendo que la aplicación de los abonos orgánicos vermicomposta y supermagro mostró que el rendimiento de maíz criollo de Sinaloa es factible de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos.
Determinación del punto de carga cero y punto isoeléctrico de dos residuos agrícolas y su aplicación en la remoción de colorantes
Authors: Amaringo Villa Fredy Alberto
Published: March 2017

Los residuos agroindustriales han mostrado ca­racterísticas adsorbentes, y con ello su posible uso alternativo para la remoción de contaminan­tes disueltos presentes en los efluentes industriales. La caracterización química de la superficie del material adsorbente permite establecer su capacidad para retener ciertos contaminantes iónicos. En el presente estudio se determinó el punto de carga cero (PZC) y el punto isoeléctrico (IEP) de dos residuos agrícolas, cascarilla de arroz y corteza de coco, con el fin de establecer la distribución de cargas sobre su superficie y posteriormente evaluar su capacidad de remoción de colorantes aniónicos o catiónicos disueltos. Para ello se utilizó el método de la deriva del pH y del potencial zeta, variando el intervalo de pH entre 2.0 y 11 y manteniendo constante las demás variables. Para la cascarilla de arroz se obtuvo un PZC de 5.40 y un IEP de 9.10 y para la corteza de coco un PZC de 4.61 y un IEP de 9.45, señalando una distribución de cargas predominantemente positivas sobre su superficie. La posterior evaluación de esta característica comprobó su afinidad para la remoción de colorantes iónicos. Se alcanzó una remoción del 93% del colorante catiónico rojo básico 46 (RB46) a un pH mayor a 5.0 y una retención del 73% del colorante aniónico rojo 40 (R40) a un pH = 2.0 sobre cascarilla de arroz. La determinación del PZC y IEP de los adsorbentes posibilita el establecimiento de las mejores condiciones para la adsorción de colorantes iónicos en solución.
Influence of thermomechanical processing regime on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of PdNi5 alloy
Authors: Cvetkovic-Stamenkovic Vesna , Manasijevic Dragan , Marjanovic Sasa , Ivanovic Aleksandra , Trumic Biserka , Marjanovic Vesna , Jovanovic Milan
Published: March 2017

This paper deals with experimental and analytical investigations of the influence of thermomechanical processing conditions on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of PdNi5 alloy, in the form of wire ? 0.15 mm, for making catalysts-catchers. Obtained results showed that mechanical properties and electrical conductivity depend on the applied regime of thermomechanical processing. Knowing the dependence of influence of parameters of thermomechanical processing regime on these properties enables the production of PdNi5 alloy with required characteristics for use in the process of catalytic oxidation of ammonia, that is solving problems of loss of platinum metals, especially platinum. The results of analytical investigations of influence of thermomechanical processing regime, by software package SPSS, on tensile strength, elongation and electrical conductivity of PdNi5 alloy in the form of wire ? 0.15 mm showed that using a linear regression model the mutual influences of selected parameters of thermomechanical treatment on mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of PdNi5 alloy, can be adequately described and analyzed. The results showed that tensile strength and electrical conductivity were only slightly affected with a change of temperature and time of annealing while annealing time has significant influence on the elongation value.
Dispersive solid phase micro-extraction of mercury(II) from environmental water and vegetable samples with ionic liquid modified graphene oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Nasrollahpour Atefeh , Moradi Seyyed , Moradi Seyyed
Published: March 2017

A new dispersive solid phase micro-extraction (dispersive-SPME) method for separation and preconcentration of mercury(II) using ionic liquid modified magnetic reduced graphene oxide (IL-MrGO) nanoparticles, prior to the measurement by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) has been developed. The IL-MrGO composite was characterized by Brunauer? Emmett?Teller method (BET) for adsorption-desorption measurement, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The method is based on the sorption of mercury( II) on IL-MrGO nanoparticles due to electrostatic interaction and complex formation of ionic liquid part of IL-MrGO with mercury(II). The effect of experimental parameters for preconcentration of mercury(II), such as solution type, concentration and volume of the eluent, pH, time of the sorption and desorption, amount of the sorbent and coexisting ion concentration have been optimized. Under the optimized conditions, a linear response was obtained in the concentration range of 0.08?10 ng mL-1 with a determination coefficient of 0.9995. The limit of detection (LOD) of the method at a signal to noise ratio of 3 was 0.01 ng mL-1. Intra-day and inter-day precisions were obtained equal to 3.4 and 4.5 %, respectively. The dispersive solid phase micro-extraction of mercury(II) on IL-MrGO nanoparticles coupled with cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry was successfully used for extraction and determination of mercury(II) in water and vegetable samples.
Estimating bias in derived body mass index in the Maternity Experiences Survey
Authors: Dzakpasu S. , Duggan J. , Fahey J. , Kirby R. S.
Published: March 2017

Introduction

The objective of this study was to assess bias in the body mass index
(BMI) measure in the Canadian Maternity Experiences Survey (MES) and possible
implications of bias on the relationship between BMI and selected pregnancy
outcomes.

Methods

We assessed BMI classification based on self-reported versus measured values.
We used a random sample of 6175 women from the MES, which derived BMI from
self-reported height and weight, and a random sample of 259 women who had previously
given birth from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS), which derived
BMI from self-reported and measured height and weight. Two correction equations were
applied to self-reported based BMI, and the impact of these corrections on associations
between BMI and caesarean section, small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational
age (LGA) births was studied.

Results

Overall, 86.9% of the CHMS subsample was classified into the same BMI category
based on self-reported versus measured data. However, misclassification had a
substantial effect on the proportion of women in underweight and obese BMI categories.
For example, 14.5% versus 20.8% of women were classified as obese based on
self-reported data versus measured data. Corrections improved estimates of obesity
prevalence, but over- and underestimated other BMI categories. Corrections had nonsignificant
effects on the associations between BMI and SGA, LGA, and caesarean section.

Conclusion

While there was high concordance in BMI classification based on selfreported
versus measured height and weight, bias in self-reported based measures may
slightly over- or underestimate the risks associated with a particular BMI class. However,
the general trend in associations is unaffected.
‘If it ain’t broke, don’t fix it’—Australian media industry attitudes to regulation and accountability reforms
Authors: Lidberg Johan
Published: March 2017

When the Australian Independent Media Inquiry (IMI) published its report most mainstream media reporting focused on the suggested statutory-based News Media Council and largely ignored any discussion of the underlying issues—public trust in journalism and news media and accountability for its practices. The aim of this study was to capture the attitudes held by the media industry toward these issues. Based on a content analysis of 33 submissions to the IMI and the Convergence Review it can be concluded that only 15 percent of the submissions addressed trust or media accountability issues. Furthermore, the submissions illustrate a disconnect between the attitudes held by some media proprietors and the trust deficit reality displayed in multiple studies of the public’s attitudes to journalism and news media.
Who can you trust? Medical news, the public and what reporters think about public relations sources
Authors: Furlan Patrizia
Published: March 2017

Research on the effects of medical news stories on the public has demonstrated that consumers make decisions about personal health care options and choices sometimes exclusively based on stories published by the media. Given the news media’s ability to set the agenda for what the lay public, government policymakers and even health professionals consider topical and important, medical news reporting has an added sense of responsibility to be timely, reliable and accurate. Public relations practitioners involved in medical promotion can be the behind-the-scenes providers of information and access to important sources in medical news production. This relationship has been an emerging area of research focus in the US but has received scant attention in Australia. Just as in other areas of reporting, the relational dynamics between reporter and PR source are often conflicting and contradictory. This article will explore the views of 25 Australian medical reporters in a mixed method study on their relationship with public relations practitioners through the construct of trust. The findings indicate that most medical reporters, although acknowledging the increasing influence of public relations on medical news production, generally do not trust public relations sources, especially those in the corporate sector. However, if ongoing PR sources are considered reliable and trustworthy, then the relationship can become one of trust and interdependence.
REVIEW: Gossanna cave siege tragic tale of betrayal
Authors: Robie David
Published: March 2017

Review of: Rebellion [l’Ordre at la morale], directed by Mathieu Kassovitz. Nord-Ouest Films, 2012 [English version]. 136min. www. lordreetlamorale-lefilm.comWhen the headlines hit France in April 1988 about the critical turning point in ‘les évènements’ down under in New Caledonia, maverick filmmaker Mathieu Kassovitz was just 18. He remembers the gritty images of the Gossanna cave siege on television. Indigenous Kanaks were reported to have massacred a quartet of gendarmes with machetes and shotguns and taken 27 others hostage (three others were captured later). There were also false reports of alleged decapitations and rape on Ouvéa in the remote Loyalty Islands.
REVIEW: Noted: Bold educational portrait
Authors: Abplanalp Karen
Published: March 2017

Review of Tongan Ark, directed by Paul Janman. Public Films, 2012. tonganark,netTongan Ark tells a remarkable story, about a remarkable man, Futa Helu, and his one-of-a-kind, bold, unconventional university called 'Atenisi', the Tongan world for Athens. Ancient philosophy, opera and Tongan culture come together in this intimate portrait of a teacher, his school and his people as they navigate a sea of repression and doubt in a small but troubled Pacific Island kingdom.
DSA with SHA-1 for Space Telecommand Authentication: Analysis and Results
Authors: Spinsante Susanna , Gambi Ennio
Published: March 2017

The issue of securing Telecommand data communications in civil and commercial space missions, by means of properly located security services and primitives, has been debated within the Security Working Group of the ConsultativeCommittee for Space Data Systems since several months. In the context of Telecommand transmissions, that can be vital in determining a successful operational behavior of a space system, the interest is mainly focused on authentication, more than encryption. The object of this paper is to investigate, under the perspective of computational overhead, the possible applicability of a standard scheme, Digital Signature Algorithm with SHA-1, to the authentication of Telecommand data structures, andto discuss the pros and cons related to its adoption in such a peculiar context, through numerical simulations and comparison with an alternative solution relying on the widely used MD5 hash algorithm.
Recursos florales usados por dos especies de Bombus en un fragmento de bosque subandino (Pamplonita-Colombia)
Authors: Mercado-G Jorge , Solano-R Cristian , Wolfgang R Hoffmann
Published: March 2017

Se presentan los resultados de un análisis palinológico en dos especies del género Bombus en cercanías de Pamplonita (Norte de Santander-Colombia) durante los meses de abril y mayo de 2010. A partir de muestras coprológicas se identificaron y contaron un total de 1585 granos, dentro de los cuales Solanaceae, Asteraceae, Malvaceae y Fabaceae fueron los taxa mas abundantes. En términos de diversidad, en abril se encontraron los valores más altos con respecto a los tipos de polen para ambas especies, aunque en B. pullatus, se observó mayor riqueza y dominancia para ambos meses. Finalmente, se puedo determinar un gran porcentaje de los granos de polen que se identificación en Solanaceae corresponden a Solanum quitoense. Los resultados presentados en este estudio dejan claro la importancia de la palinología al momento de establecer la dieta de estos organismos, además de reflejar el papel de estas especies como posible prestador de servicios ecosistemicos tanto en plantas silvestres como cultivadas en el caso de Solanum.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAM IN THE KUBU KINGDOM (1768 – 1944)
Authors: Mahrus Erwin
Published: March 2017

The origin of the Kubu Kingdom was previously marked with the establishment of a village at the junction of three rivers and the construction of a fort in 1768. In other words, Kubu was a checkpoint to secure the waters from pirate attacks (Djunaidy, 2001). The new village was officially named “Kubu” in 1775 (Yosep, 1995). Later on, it became a kingdom because of the massive migration into the new territory. They embraced Islam and made it an Islamic Kingdom in West Borneo. The territory of Kubu Kingdom was very limited merely to include Padang Tikar, Terentang, Kubu, and Teluk Pekadai. Originally this area was empty. It means that the Kubu Kingdom initially did not consist of densely populated villages. As a new region, it is thought that the establishment of this Kingdom coincided with the advent of Islam brought by Syarif Idrus Alaydrus. Thus, there have been long dynamics of Islamization in this Kingdom, and reached its peak when Syarif Abbas was in power. During his reign, the institution of the mufti was created and a number of religious works were written. This paper looks at the process of early entry and development of Islam in the Kubu Kingdom, its religious scholars and their works as well as its religious institutions that once existed in the Kingdom.

Keywords: Islam, Kubu Kingdom, religious works and religious institutions
RELIGION IN FREUD’S APPROACH
Authors: Mukrimin Mukrimin
Published: March 2017

This article aimed to examine the essence of religion by using Sigmund Freud’ psychoanalysis. It looks at the Freud’s theories: “the ontogenic” and “the phylogenenic”. The origins of religious and belief traditions, as Freud had mapped, are neurosis, precarious future, and religion’s masculine roots. Freud’s realist approach on religion brought a controversy on the study of religion, i.e., by associating his patients and order cultural phenomena (art, literature, and philosophy). His falsification over religion mad Freud as the most controversial man in his time. For Freud, the truth-value of religious doctrines does not lie within the scope of the present enquiry. It is enough for us, as Freud asserts that we have recognized them as being, in their psychological nature, illusions.

Key Words: religion, Freud, philosophy, psycho-analysis.
Tradisi Nisan Menhir pada Makam Kuno Raja-raja di Wilayah Kerajaan Hitu
Authors: Handoko Wuri
Published: March 2017

The Tradition of menhir headstone is an ancient tomb tradition by using a grave form of menhir stones. This tradition is a form of the tradition continues, as menhirs are upright stones as a sign of respect for ancestors in the megalithic tradition. This study aims to explain the tradition of Islamic tombs of the kings in the Kingdom Hitu since the beginning of the Islamic conversion and development period and how the megalithic tradition in the form of Islamic tomb when people have to convert Islam as a religion. This study was conducted using a survey to gather information and describe the forms of ancient Islamic tomb kings Hitu in central Moluccas. The results show though Islam has been adopted as the royal religion or public religion, characterized mengkonveris leaders of Islam, but confidence in the ancestor as local pre-Islamic religious understanding develops, still adhered to and maintained. Tomb tombstone shape using menhir, is one form of continuity megalithic tradition in the episode acceptance of Islam by the public since the beginning of its development, until the establishment of the Islamic government to appear in the king institutions Hitu region.Tradisi nisan menhir adalah, tradisi makam kuno dengan menggunakan tanda kubur berupa batu menhir. Tradisi ini merupakan bentuk tradisi berlanjut, karena menhir adalah batu tegak sebagai tanda penghormatan terhadap leluhur dalam tradisi megalitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan tradisi makam Islam raja-raja di Kerajaan Hitu sejak awal konversi Islam dan masa perkembangannya serta bagaimana tradisi megalitik pada bentuk makam Islam ketika masyarakat sudah mengkonversi Islam sebagai agamanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survey untuk mengumpulkan informasi dan mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk makam kuno Islam raja-raja Hitu di Maluku tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan meskipun Islam telah dianut sebagai agama kerajaan atau agama publik, ditandai para pemimpinnya mengkonveris agama Islam, namun kepercayaan terhadap leluhur sebagai paham religi lokal sebelum Islam berkembang, masih tetap dianut dan dipertahankan. Bentuk makam dengan menggunakan nisan menhir, merupakan salah satu bentuk kontinuitas tradisi megalitik dalam episode penerimaan Islam oleh masyarakat sejak awal perkembangannya, hingga masa terbentuknya pemerintahan Islam dengan muncul lembaga raja di wilayah Hitu.
Paradigma Perubahan Evolusi Pada Budaya Megalitik di Wilayah Budaya Nias
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: March 2017

The culture area of Nias covers an island, which is Nias Island, and is divided into a number of culture sub-areas. Every culture sub-area consists of several villages, each with its distinct cultural elements. This discussion is aimed at understanding the differences of Nias culture from one village to the others, whether or not they are from one genealogy. The inter-village differences are not merely related to temporal aspect but also to cultural values, social structures and social functions. For that reason, description of cultural elements becomes the main phase, before they are interpreted. Depiction of differences of cultural elements from one village to the others, with structural and functional aspects as their background, will reflect the external and internal factors in an evolutionary cultural change. Therefore the inter-village cultural differences in Nias belong to a paradigm of evolutionary change like what was meant by Talcott Parsons.Wilayah budaya Nias itu meliputi satu pulau yaitu Pulau Nias. Di dalam wilayah budaya dimaksud terbagi atas subwilayah budaya. Pada sebuah subwilayah budaya, terdiri dari beberapa perkampungan, yang masing-masing  memiliki unsur-unsur budaya yang berbeda. Berkenaan dengan itu, tujuan pembahasan ini di antaranya adalah memahami perbedaan kebudayaan Nias antarperkampungan, baik di dalam satu genealogi ataupun tidak. Perbedaan antarkampung dimaksud tidak hanya berkaitan dengan aspek waktu tetapi juga, nilai budaya, faktor struktur sosial dan fungsi sosialnya. Berkenaan dengan itu maka uraian unsur kebudayaan menjadi tahapan utama, untuk selanjutnya diinterpretasikan. Gambaran perbedaan unsur kebudayaan antarkampung dengan aspek struktur dan fungsi yang melatarbelakanginya akan menggambarkan faktor eksternal dan internal pada sebuah perubahan evolusioner kebudayaan. Berkenaan dengan itu maka  perbedaan kebudayaan antarkampung di Nias merupakan  sebuah paradigma  perubahan evolusioner seperti apa yang dimaksud oleh Talcott Parsons.
Arkeologi Kepulauan Tanimbar Bagian Utara: Tinjauan Potensi di Pulau Fordata dan Pulau Larat Maluku Indonesia
Authors: Ririmasse Marlon NR
Published: March 2017

Tanimbar islands is one of the most southern island group in Maluku.  This area is a land bridge that connects Kei-Aru Islands and Papua with the Babar-Sermata Islands until Timor.  Directly adjacent to Australia, Tanimbar is also an area of the outer boundary of Indonesia. This area is also known for its rich variety of cultural heritage. As reflected in the academics works and diverse collection of Tanimbar material culture in various world museum.  Archaeological study have been conducted since 2006 but only covered the southern part of this archipelago. This paper is the result of the archaeological studies in the Northern Part of the Tanimbar Islands with the focus on Fordata and Larat Island. The reconaissance survey have been adopted as the approach in this research. This study found that the island of Larat and Fordata is rich with the archaeological potential and is recommended to be followed with the further research in the future.Kepulauan Tanimbar merupakan salah satu gugus pulau paling selatan yang terletak di Maluku. Wilayah ini merupakan jembatan darat yang menghubungkan antara Kepulauan Kei-Aru dan Papua dengan Kepulauan Babar-Sermata hingga Timor dan Nusa Tenggara. Berbatasan langsung dengan Australia, Kepulauan Tanimbar juga merupakan kawasan tapal batas terluar Nusantara. Wilayah ini juga dikenal dengan ragam pusaka budaya yang kaya. Sebagaimana ditemukan dalam karya akademis dan ragam koleksi benda budaya Tanimbar di berbagai museum dunia. Studi arkeologi telah dilakukan sejak tahun 2006 namun hanya menjangkau wilayah bagian selatan dan tenggara kepulauan ini. Makalah ini merupakan hasil studi arkeologis untuk wilayah Tanimbar Bagian Utara dengan perhatian pada Pulau Fordata dan Pulau Larat. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei penjajakan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa Pulau Fordata dan Pulau Larat kaya dengan potensi kepurbakalaan dan layak ditindaklanjuti dengan studi arkeologis yang lebih mendalam.
Situs Pulau Ujir di Kepulauan Aru: Kampung Kuno, Islamisasi dan Perdagangan
Authors: Handoko Wuri
Published: March 2017

Ujir ancient village on the island, is the site of settlement that shows the development of the Islamic period and colonial settlements in the territory of Aru Islands. Various archaeological data has been discovered, indicates the site serves as a growing settlements with the activities of the Muslim settlers and until recently has shown progress as one of the Muslim villages were quite advanced in the Aru Islands. This study is to explore the traces of Islamization and commercial developments in the Aru Islands, with the main focus in the Ujir Island to analyze the are role in the development of Islamization and commerce in the Aru Islands in the past. Study focused on the archaeological data collected from survey and excavation. The results showed that the old village site Ujir Island, called Site Uifana, is the site of settlements in the past is likely to be one of the centers spread of Islam in the Aru Islands which was later destroyed and abandoned during the influence of the entry of European colonization and later the Japanese. Ujir Island may also be a bridge in trade flows involving the surrounding area in the path of the spice trade and exotic commodities of Aru Islands.Kampung kuno di Pulau Ujir, merupakan situs permukiman yang menunjukkan perkembangan permukiman masa Islam dan kolonial di wilayah Kepulauan Aru. Penelitian ini menemukan, berbagai data arkeologi yang menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Ujir merupakan situs pemukiman yang maju dan berperan dalam jaringan Islamisasi dan perdagangan di kawasan Kepulauan Aru. Hasil penelitian memperliatkan bahwa situs kampung tua Pulau Ujir, yang disebut Situs Uifana, adalah situs permukiman yang pada masa lampau menjadi salah satu pusat penyebaran Islam yang kemudian hancur dan ditinggalkan pada masa pengaruh kolonialisasi Eropa  dan  Jepang. Pulau Ujir juga menjadi jaringan perdagangan yang melibatkan kawasan sekitarnya dalam jalur perdagangan rempah dan komoditi eksotik, seperti burung cendrwaasih dan mutiara di  Kepulauan Aru.
Simbolisme Kompleks Bangunan Situs Ki Buyut Trusmi Cirebon
Authors: Mujabuddawat Muhammad Al
Published: March 2017

Ki Buyut Trusmi Site is a burial site bounded by walls surrounding the complex site. In the complex area of the site, several buildings scattered in the barrier wall of the spatial division sites as many as 4 cemetery yard; West, East, Central, and North. The buildings are in the midst of hundreds of tombs in the complex area of the site. Based on the results of an overview of the physical form and position of the object of those buildings, it is understood that every buildings has its function and symbolic meaning. The position of the components of the building symbolically form a plan groove toward the main location of the most sanctified, the graves of Ki Gede Trusmi and Prince Trusmi in North yard site. Based on symbolic significance and hundred of tombs scattered in the area of the site, they are clearly show a blend of Islamic buildings affected by local culture which already existed, with the animism and Hindu-Buddhist. Those cultural blends form a pre-Islamic cultural treasures material which tangible on the architecture of the building full of symbolism outside the real Islamic law. Local culture become part of construction to the Islamization of local communities, Islam developed in the area Trusmi shows Islamic character integrative and accommodating to the local indigenous community. Situs Ki Buyut Trusmi merupakan situs pemakaman yang dibatasi oleh tembok keliling yang mengelilingi kompleks situs. Dalam area kompleks situs, berdiri sejumlah bangunan yang tersebar dalam sekat-sekat tembok pembagian halaman situs sebanyak 4 halaman, yaitu Halaman barat, Halaman timur, Halaman tengah, dan Halaman utara. Bangunan-bangunan tersebut berdiri ditengah-tengah ratusan makam di dalam area kompleks situs. Berdasarkan hasil tinjauan terhadap bentuk fisik dan keletakan dari objek bangunan-bangunan tersebut, diketahui memiliki fungsi dan makna simbolik tersendiri. Keletakan komponen-komponen bangunannya secara simbolis membentuk denah alur menuju lokasi utama yang paling disucikan, yaitu makam Ki Gede Trusmi dan Pangeran Trusmi di Halaman utara situs. Berdasarkan makna simbolik yang ditemukan, serta ratusan makam yang tersebar di dalam area situs tampak jelas menunjukkan percampuran antara bangunan Islam yang terbawa pengaruh budaya lokal yang sebelumnya telah ada, yaitu animisme dan Hindu-Budha. Percampuran tersebut membentuk khasanah budaya materi pra Islam berujud pada arsitektur bangunan yang sarat akan simbolisme di luar syariat Islam yang sesungguhnya. Budaya lokal menjadi bagian konstruksi ke Islaman masyarakat setempat, Islam yang berkembang pada khususnya di daerah Trusmi, Cirebon menunjukkan karakter Islam yang integratif dan akomodatif terhadap paham dan kepercayaan lokal masyarakat.
Sebaran Potensi Budaya Prasejarah di Enrekang, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Wardaninggar Bernadeta Kuswarini
Published: March 2017

Enrekang is one area that is located in the northern part of South Sulawesi, which has a hilly and mountainous areas. Potential prehistoric findings in Enrekang obtained from a series of activities with a surface survey sampling technique samples that show characteristics of prehistoric technology. The findings of the survey consists of painting hand prints on the walls karst cliffs, caves with findings of stone artifacts, bones, pottery and grave containers of wood called mandu or duni. It also found megalithic sites on the mountain top which has relics such as stone mortars, fragments of pottery and stone structure is limiting residential areas. At the macro level, This study aims to determine the distribution of prehistoric sites in order to understand the cultural character of Enrekang. Prehistoric cultural diversity of Enrekang has accessibility to natural resources as well as supporting human settlement contiguity Austronesian culture preneolitik until about 3,500 years ago with the utilization of their natural resources. Kabupaten Enrekang merupakan salah satu daerah yang terletak di bagian utara Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki wilayah perbukitan dan pegunungan. Potensi temuan-temuan prasejarah di Enrekang diperoleh dari serangkaian kegiatan survei permukaan dengan teknik pencuplikan sampel yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri teknologi prasejarah. Temuan-temuan survei adalah lukisan cap tangan di dinding tebing karst, gua-gua dengan temuan artefak batu, tulang, tembikar dan wadah kubur dari kayu yang disebut mandu atau duni. Selain itu juga ditemukan situs megalitik di atas puncak gunung yang memiliki peninggalan seperti lumpang batu, fragmen tembikar dan susunan batu yang merupakan pembatas daerah permukiman. Secara makro, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran situs-situs prasejarah dalam rangka memahami karakter budaya Enrekang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Enrekang memiliki diversitas budaya prasejarah yang memiliki aksesibiltas dengan sumber daya alam yang sekaligus menunjang permukiman manusia masa praneolitik hingga persentuhan budaya Austronesia sekitar 3,500 tahun yang lalu dengan pemanfaatan sumber-sumber alamnya.
Perkembangan Islam di Pulau Ambalau: Kajian atas Data Arkeologi dan Tradisi Makam Islam Berundak
Authors: Handoko Wuri
Published: March 2017

AbstrakKajian terhadap perkembangan Islam salah satunya menyangkut apek karakteristik Islam dapat dilihat melalui lensa arkeologi berdasarkan temuan artefak maupun fitur. Dalam aspek budaya material tersebut, dapat memperlihatkan perkembangan nilai budaya yang terkandung dalam konteks sistem dan transformasi nilai budaya sejak masa lampau hingga kini. Data arkeologi yang menunjukkan karakter megalitis hingga data arkeologi Islam serta tradisi keagamaan yang berlaku pada mayarakat Ambalau, memberikan gambaran tentang perkembangan religi mayarakat lokal sejak kepercayaan atau religi masa prasejarah hingga munculnya Islam. Dari data arkeologi dan tradisi yang masih bertahan, memberikan gambaran bahwa agama Islam berkembang dengan tetap mengakomodir kepercayaan lokal yang berbasis pada kepercayaan terhadap leluhur. Bentuk makam kuno berundak, adalah salah satu wujud material budaya yang menggambarkan bahwa masyarakat sangat menghormati leluhur. AbstractThe study on the development of Islam one of which involves stale Islamic characteristics can be seen through the lens based on the findings of archaeological artifacts and features. In the aspect of material culture, can show the development of cultural values   embodied in the context of the system and transformation of cultural values from the past until now. Archaeological data indicate that the data character megalitis Islamic archeology and religious traditions prevailing in society Ambalau, gives an overview of the development of local people’s religious beliefs or religious since prehistoric times until the advent of Islam. Of archaeological data and traditions still survive, giving the impression that Islam evolved with fixed accommodate local beliefs based on trust towards ancestors. The shape of an ancient tomb staircase, is one manifestation of cultural material that illustrates that the community is honoring ancestors.
Salib di Ujung Timur Nusa Lease: Gereja Ebenhaezer, Tinggalan Kolonial di Desa Sila Leinitu Kecamatan Nusalaut
Authors: Huwae Andrew
Published: March 2017

Not many churches in Indonesia, which still retain the authenticity of nature since the church was founded. Despite being the oldest church in Ambon Islands Lease, Ebenhaezer Church in the village of Sila Leinitu Nusa Laut sub-district which was built in 1715, is one of the many churches in the Moluccas which still retains the authenticity of nature, even after repeated experience of building renovations. This research aims to describe the architecture and layout of the church. In addition, this paper describes the findings of worship fixtures in the church hall which is now very rare in other churches in the Moluccas.Tidak banyak gereja di Indonesia yang masih mempertahankan sifat keaslian sejak gereja tersebut didirikan. Meskipun menjadi gereja tertua di Kepulauan Ambon Lease, Gereja Ebenhaezer di desa Sila Leinitu kecamatan Nusa Laut yang dibangun pada tahun 1715, adalah salah satu dari sekian banyak gereja di Maluku yang masih mempertahankan sifat keaslian tersebut, walau telah beberapa kali mengalami renovasi bangunan. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan teknik arsitektur dan tata ruang gereja. Selain itu juga, penulisan ini menjelaskan tentang hasil temuan perlengkapan peribadatan di dalam ruang gereja yang kini sudah sangat jarang ditemui pada gereja lainnya di Maluku.
Grundlegendes zur Steifigkeit von Werkstoffprüfmaschinen
Authors: Findeisen Dietmar
Published: March 2017

Kurzfassung

Der Einfluss der Maschinensteifigkeit auf die Versuchsführung ist ein seit langem untersuchtes Thema. Von den in den Kraftfluss einbezogenen Komponenten hat das Maschinengestell wesentlichen Anteil an der Eigenfederung. Diese lässt sich an ausgeführten Prüfmaschinen durch Belastungsversuche messtechnisch ermitteln. Aus der Steigung typbezogener Federkennlinien geht außer der Größe der Formänderung die gespeicherte elastische Formänderungsenergie hervor. Um den dadurch bedingten Maschineneinfluss zu minimieren, ist das Merkmal „harte” Prüfmaschine eine unabdingbare Forderung jeder konstruktiven Auslegung. Der Schwerpunkt vorliegender Abhandlung liegt daher auf der voraussagenden Steifigkeitsermittlung. Hierfür lassen sich Bemessungsregeln anhand des Stabwerkmodells „Rahmentragwerk” angeben. Variable Bemessungsparameter werden nach ihrem Einfluss auf die Steifigkeit in der Prüfachse abgestimmt.
Knowledge-based biomedical Data Science
Authors: Hunter Lawrence E.
Published: March 2017

Computational manipulation of knowledge is an important, and often under-appreciated, aspect of biomedical Data Science. The first Data Science initiative from the US National Institutes of Health was entitled “Big Data to Knowledge (BD2K).” The main emphasis of the more than $200M allocated to that program has been on “Big Data;” the “Knowledge” component has largely been the implicit assumption that the work will lead to new biomedical knowledge. However, there is long-standing and highly productive work in computational knowledge representation and reasoning, and computational processing of knowledge has a role in the world of Data Science.

Knowledge-based biomedical Data Science involves the design and implementation of computer systems that act as if they knew about biomedicine. There are many ways in which a computational approach might act as if it knew something: for example, it might be able to answer a natural language question about a biomedical topic, or pass an exam; it might be able to use existing biomedical knowledge to rank or evaluate hypotheses; it might explain or interpret data in light of prior knowledge, either in a Bayesian or other sort of framework. These are all examples of automated reasoning that act on computational representations of knowledge. After a brief survey of existing approaches to knowledge-based data science, this position paper argues that such research is ripe for expansion, and expanded application.
Large-Scale Permanent Slide Imaging and Image Analysis for Diatom Morphometrics
Authors: Kloster Michael , Esper Oliver , Kauer Gerhard , Beszteri Bánk
Published: March 2017

Light microscopy analysis of diatom frustules is widely used in basic and applied research, notably taxonomy, morphometrics, water quality monitoring and paleo-environmental studies. Although there is a need for automation in these applications, various developments in image processing and analysis methodology supporting these tasks have not become widespread in diatom-based analyses. We have addressed this issue by combining our automated diatom image analysis software SHERPA with a commercial slide-scanning microscope. The resulting workflow enables mass-analyses of a broad range of morphometric features from individual frustules mounted on permanent slides. Extensive automation and internal quality control of the results helps to minimize user intervention, but care was taken to allow the user to stay in control of the most critical steps (exact segmentation of valve outlines and selection of objects of interest) using interactive functions for reviewing and revising results. In this contribution, we describe our workflow and give an overview of factors critical for success, ranging from preparation and mounting through slide scanning and autofocus finding to final morphometric data extraction. To demonstrate the usability of our methods we finally provide an example application by analysing Fragilariopsis kerguelensis valves originating from a sediment core, which substantially extends the size range reported in the literature.
An Independent Internal Cooling System for Promoting Heat Dissipation during Dry Cutting with Numerical and Experimental Verification
Authors: Yao Bin , Sun Weifang , Chen Binqiang , Yu Xiaojin , He Yuchao , Feng Wei , Wang Shuyang
Published: March 2017

The cooling system has emerged as an effective way to alleviate the excessive heat generation during dry cutting processes. In this paper, we investigated a novel type of internal cooling system, independent of additional mechanical accessories, as a promising cooling alternative. The proposed system is devised as connected internal fluid channels of a-“V” shape created according to the geometric shape of the tool-holder. Enabling quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed system, a new numerical approach is established. Within the approach, heat transfer equations are deduced according to thermodynamics; parameters of the equations are specified via analytical modeling. As a result, cutting temperatures can be estimated with high precision according to the outlet temperature. Moreover, a cutting experiment was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed numerical approach. Tool-chip interface temperatures were measured using an infrared thermal imager. Smooth measurements with suppressed noises are derived based on a new adaptive mean filter originated by empirical mode decomposition (EMD). The experimental results demonstrate the proposed system can reduce the temperature substantially (almost 30% at the measuring point) and the results are highly consistent with those of numerical simulation. The proposed cooling system is a prospective enhancement for development of smart cutting tools.
Pathways to Suicide in Australian Farmers: A Life Chart Analysis
Authors: Kunde Lisa , Kõlves Kairi , Kelly Brian , Reddy Prasuna , De Leo Diego
Published: March 2017

Farmers have been found to be at increased risk of suicide in Australia. The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behaviour suggests that the proximal factors leading to the suicidal desire or ideation include an individual’s experiences of both perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Suicidal desire with acquired capability to engage in lethal self-injury is predictive of suicidal behaviour. This study investigates the pathways to suicide of 18 Australian male farmers in order to understand the suicidal process and antecedents to suicide in Australian male farmers. The psychological autopsy (PA) method was used to generate life charts. Two pathways with distinct suicidal processes were identified: acute situational (romantic relationship problems and financial concerns/pending retirement) and protracted (long-term psychiatric disorder). Long working hours, interpersonal conflicts, physical illnesses and pain, alcohol abuse, access to firearms, and exposure to drought were additional common factors identified. An understanding of the interrelatedness of diverse distal and proximal risk factors on suicidal pathways in the wider environmental context for male farmers is required when developing and implementing rural suicide prevention activities.
ASTROLABE: A Rigorous, Geodetic-Oriented Data Model for Trajectory Determination Systems
Authors: Navarro José A. , Parés M. Eulàlia , Colomina Ismael , Blázquez Marta
Published: March 2017

The constant irruption of new sensors is a challenge for software systems that do not rely on generic data models able to manage change or innovation. Several data modeling standards exist. Some of these address the problem from a generic perspective but are far too complex for the kind of applications targeted by this work, while others focus strictly on specific kinds of sensors. These approaches pose a problem for the maintainability of software systems dealing with sensor data. This work presents ASTROLABE, a generic and extensible data model specifically devised for trajectory determination systems working with sensors whose error distributions may be fully modeled using means and covariance matrices. A data model relying on four fundamental entities (observation, state, instrument, mathematical model) and related metadata is described; two compliant specifications (for file storage and network communications) are presented; a portable C++ library implementing these specifications is also briefly introduced. STROLABE, integrated in CTTC’s trajectory determination system NAVEGA, has been extensively used since 2009 in research and production (real-life) projects, coping successfully with a significant variety of sensors. Such experience helped to improve the data model and validate its suitability for the target problem. The authors are considering putting ASTROLABE in the public domain.