bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA026: Chromosomal instability as a driver of cancer metastasis
Authors: Bakhoum Samuel F.
Published: January 2023

Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of human cancer that is associated with metastasis and immune evasion. Yet, how CIN shapes the tumor microenvironment (TME) to facilitate tumor progression remains poorly understood. We undertook a systems level approach to better define the impact of CIN on cancer cell states as well as TME phenotypes and found that cancer cell CIN engenders a pro-metastatic TME that is markedly enriched for immune-suppressive macrophages, a granulocytic infiltrate, and dysfunctional T cells. We then developed a novel computational tool to infer conditionally dependent cell-cell interactions from single cell RNA sequence data to define tumor-derived factors that shape the TME and promote metastatic dissemination. This work led to the identification of novel therapeutic targets in chromosomally unstable tumors and sheds light on key mechanisms by which CIN cooperates with the immune system to drive disease progression.

Citation Format: Samuel F. Bakhoum. Chromosomal instability as a driver of cancer metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Metastasis; 2022 Nov 14-17; Portland, OR. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_2):Abstract nr IA026.
Abstract PR001: Codon-bias and tRNA modifications as drivers of melanoma metastasis
Authors: Piskounova Elena
Published: January 2023

Only tumor cells that are able to enhance their stress response pathways, are able to successfully metastasize and colonize distant organs. In yeast, reprogramming of translation through modification of the tRNA anticodon loop in response to stress has been shown to be a central adaptive mechanism of survival. Distinct tRNA modifications increase translational efficiency of certain codons. These modifications are upregulated and are essential for survival under a range of stressors, including oxidative stress. The adaptive proteome is therefore encoded by specific transcripts with a distinct codon bias and regulated by these tRNA modifications. We have identified several stress-induced tRNA anticodon loop modifications in metastasizing melanoma cells that drive codon-biased translation of the adaptive pro-metastatic proteome. One of these modifications specifically regulates stress-induced translation of selenocysteine-containing proteins. Selenoproteins are central to stress resistance including oxidative and proteotoxic stress. We have identified and characterized the methyltransferase that regulates this modification and enables translation of the metastatic selenoproteome. More broadly, by combining biochemical approaches with in vivo models of melanoma metastasis, we have now identified several other enzymes responsible for multiple tRNA anticodon modifications as novel and targetable drivers of metastatic disease. Our work aims to establish how tRNA anticodon modifications and a distinct codon bias reprogram the metastatic proteome as a therapeutically targetable stress response mechanism.

Citation Format: Elena Piskounova. Codon-bias and tRNA modifications as drivers of melanoma metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Metastasis; 2022 Nov 14-17; Portland, OR. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_2):Abstract nr PR001.
Abstract PR017: Differences in melanoma lipid metabolism among distinct metastatic sites
Authors: Mathews Thomas P. , Muh Sarah , Aurora Arin B. , Morrison Sean J.
Published: January 2023

Metastasis is a very inefficient process in which few disseminated cancer cells survive. We developed a patient-derived xenograft assay in which melanomas engraft and spontaneously metastasize (Quintana Nature 456:593-598). Using this assay, we discovered that melanoma cells experience a spike in reactive oxygen species during metastasis and that distant metastasis is limited by oxidative stress (Piskounova Nature 527:186-191). Successfully metastasizing cells undergo reversible metabolic changes during metastasis that increase oxidative stress resistance. For example, melanoma cells in lymph experience less oxidative stress and form more metastases than melanoma cells in the blood (Ubellacker Nature 585:113-120). This is true in both patient-derived melanomas growing in immunocompromised mice and mouse melanomas growing in syngeneic immunocompetent mice. Cells metastasizing through blood, but not lymph, appear to undergo ferroptosis, a form of cell death marked by lipid oxidation. Multiple differences between lymph fluid and blood plasma may contribute to this difference in oxidative stress, including higher levels of oleic acid in lymph. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid that protects melanoma cells from ferroptosis, apparently by reducing the abundance of oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in phospholipids. In the current study we found that some PUFAs sensitize melanoma cells to lipid peroxidation and cell death more than others. Moreover, we analyzed the lipid profiles of common sites of distant metastasis – liver, brain, kidney, pancreas, bone marrow, lung, and liver – and found that the PUFA compositions of these tissues varies significantly. This raises the possibility that metastasizing melanoma cells may incorporate more PUFAs into their phospholipid membranes and exhibit increased ferroptosis sensitivity in some metastatic sites as compared to others. We found that melanoma cells isolated from metastatic sites by flow cytometry had higher levels of PUFAs in their phospholipid membranes compared to those isolated from subcutaneous tissues. These cells isolated from distal sites also exhibited higher levels of lipid ROS and contained higher levels of oxidized lipid species compared to subcutaneous tumors. These data suggest that the lipid metabolism of metastatic tumors reflects both lipid availability in the metastatic site as well as cell-intrinsic differences in lipid metabolism, both of which contribute to lipid ROS. Both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic lipid metabolism likely influence the ability of melanoma cells to survive in distinct metastatic sites during metastasis.

Citation Format: Thomas P. Mathews, Sarah Muh, Arin B. Aurora, Sean J. Morrison. Differences in melanoma lipid metabolism among distinct metastatic sites [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Metastasis; 2022 Nov 14-17; Portland, OR. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;83(2 Suppl_2):Abstract nr PR017.
Reactive Neutrophilic Dermatoses in Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency due to Interferon-Gamma Autoantibody and Their Associated Factors
Authors: Tungphaisal Veeraphol , Phinyo Phichayut , Rujiwetpongstorn Rujira , Kiratikanon Salin , Tovanabutra Napatra , Chaiwarith Romanee , Chiewchanvit Siri , Chuamanochan Mati
Published: January 2023

Background: Adult-onset immunodeficiency (AOID) due to interferon-gamma autoantibody is a rare, acquired immunodeficiency disease. Reactive neutrophilic dermatoses (RND), predominantly Sweet syndrome (SS), and generalized pustular eruption have been reported repeatedly. Objectives: The aims of this study were to describe the cutaneous manifestations in AOID patients and determine the incidence of RND and associated factors using a larger population size than have been previously reported. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all confirmed AOID cases in Chiang Mai University Hospital from January 2006 to June 2020 was conducted. The demographics and characteristics of RND including type, onset, and laboratory information in every episode of cutaneous manifestations were collected. Generalized estimating equations of binary logistic regression were used to determine the indicators of RND. Results: A total of 146 patients with confirmed AOID were identified. Of these, 57 cases (39%) developed at least one episode of RND. Thirteen cases (23%) of the patients experienced RND twice during the follow-up period. All recurrence of RND displayed the same cutaneous phenotype, with the exception of 2 cases who had both SS and generalized pustular eruption. Finally, 49 episodes of SS and 22 episodes of generalized pustular eruption were included in the analysis. All patients with RND had concomitant active opportunistic infections, of which most were non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infection. NTM infection (prevalence odds ratio [POR] 2.87), lymphadenopathy (POR 3.30) as well as lower serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level (POR 0.71 for every 100-unit increment in ALP) were found to be significantly associated with RND occurrence. Conclusions: 39% of our AOID patients experienced RND once during the course of the disease. Notable factors associated with RND occurrence were concomitant NTM infection, lymphadenopathy, and lower level of ALP.
Safety and Feasibility of Immunoadsorption with Heparin Anticoagulation in Preparation of ABO-Incompatible Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Single-Center Study
Authors: Junker Till , Volken Thomas , Stehle Gregor , Drexler Beatrice , Infanti Laura , Buser Andreas , Passweg Jakob , Schaub Stefan , Dickenmann Michael , Halter Jörg , Holbro Andreas
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Immunoadsorption (IA) of isohemagglutinins is an often-crucial procedure in preparation of major ABO blood group-incompatible living donor kidney transplantation (ABOi LDKT). Standard citrate-based anticoagulation during the procedure has potential disadvantages for distinct patient groups. In this study, we report our experience with an alternative anticoagulation scheme using heparin during IA for selected patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent IA with heparin anticoagulation between February 2013 and December 2019 at our institution with focus on the safety and efficacy of the adapted procedure. For further validation, we compared graft function, graft survival, and overall survival with those of all recipients of living donor kidney transplants with or without pretransplant desensitizing apheresis for ABO antibodies at our institution during the same period. Results: In thirteen consecutive patients prepared for ABOi LDKT with IA with heparin anticoagulation, no major bleeding or other significant complications were observed. All patients achieved sufficient isohemagglutinin titer reduction to proceed to transplant surgery. Graft function, graft survival, and overall survival did not significantly differ from patients treated with standard anticoagulation for IA or ABO compatible recipients of living donor kidneys. Conclusion: IA with heparin in preparation of ABOi LDKT is safe and feasible for selected patients after internal validation.
Aspergillus fumigatus-Specific T Cells in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Ickrath Pascal , Sprügel Lisa , Beyersdorf Niklas , Haug Lukas , Scherzad Agmal , Hagen Rudolf , Hackenberg Stephan
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Aspergillus fumigatus belongs to the saprophytic fungi, and its spores form a significant part of the daily load of fungal spores inhaled as particles in aerosols. A. fumigatus is a possible T-cell activator. Its contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is controversially discussed. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize A. fumigatus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients with CRS with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. Methods: Tissue and blood samples were collected from patients who underwent paranasal sinus surgery due to CRSwNP or CRSsNP. Afterward, purified CD4+ and CD8+ cells were cultured together with antigen-presenting cells. A peptide mix derived from A. fumigatus antigen was added to the cultures. After 6 days, multicolor flow cytometry was performed, and proliferation was measured using the marker Ki-67. Cytokine secretion was quantified from the supernatant of the cell culture. Results: Significant differences in the proliferation of nasal CD4+ T cells to A. fumigatus antigen were observed for cells from patients with CRSwNP in comparison to CRSsNP, while no differences were found between nasal and peripheral blood T cells. The activation of tissue-derived CD4+ T cells was associated with significantly higher concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-17a in the cell culture from patients with CRSwNP in comparison to CRSsNP and/or healthy controls. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that patients with CRSwNP harbor a higher proportion of A. fumigatus-reactive CD4+ T cells in the nasal mucosa than patients with CRSsNP. A. fumigatus-reactive CD4+ T cells of CRSwNP patients secreted TH2 cytokines and IL-17. Our findings suggest a role for A. fumigatus in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP and provide a rationale for targeted therapies.
A Diagnostically Challenging Case of De Novo Febrile Ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann Disease with Fatal Pulmonary Involvement: A Case Report
Authors: Alhawsawi Waseem , Al Hawsawi Khalid , Almahdi Bashaer , Alkidaiwi Shahad , Alzubaidy Khlood , Alhuthayli Reema , Algethami Abdulmohsin , Alshareef Alshareef
Published: January 2023

The febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease is a rare and potentially lethal variant of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA). It is characterized by a sudden onset of ulceronecrotic skin lesions associated with high fever and systemic symptoms. Herein, we report a 23-year-old male, not known to have any medical illnesses, presented with a month-long history of persistent fever of unknown origin associated with a sudden onset of progressive diffuse necrotic ulcers and widespread papulosquamous lesions. Pan CT showed enlarged lymph nodes in the cervix, chest, and abdomen. Unfortunately, a skin biopsy was done late, showing features consistent with PLEVA. Few days after admission, despite being on intravenous methylprednisolone, our patient rapidly deteriorated by showing severe acute respiratory symptoms and consequently died. In spite of the continuous addition of new case reports to the literature, no definite diagnostic criteria have been established, leading to late or missed cases, and an optimum treatment is still waiting.
Evaluation of Single Nucleotide Variants in Intron 1 of the ABO Gene as Diagnostic Markers for the A1 Blood Group
Authors: Bugert Peter , Rink Gabi , Klüter Harald
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The molecular diagnosis of the A1 blood group is based on the exclusion of ABO gene variants causing blood groups A2, B, or O. A specific genetic marker for the A1 blood group is still missing. Recently, long-read ABO sequencing revealed four sequence variations in intron 1 as promising markers for the ABO*A1 allele. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic values of the 4 variants in blood donors with regular and weak A phenotypes and genotypes. Methods: ABO phenotype data (A, B, AB, or O) were taken from the blood donor files. The ABO genotypes (low resolution) were known from a previous study and included the variants c.261delG, c.802G>A, c.803G>C, and c.1061delC. ABO variant alleles (ABO*AW.06,*AW.08,*AW.09,*AW.13, *AW.30, and *A3.02) were identified in weak A donors by sequencing the ABO exons before. For genotyping of the ABO intron 1 variants rs532436, rs1554760445, rs507666, and rs2519093, we applied TaqMan assays with endpoint fluorescence detection according to a standard protocol. Genotypes of the variants were compared with the ABO phenotype and genotype. Evaluation of diagnostic performance included sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: In 1,330 blood donors with regular ABO phenotypes and genotypes, the intron 1 variants were significantly associated with the proposed A1 blood group. In 15 donors, we found discrepancies to the genotype of at least one of the 4 variants. For the diagnosis of the ABO*A1 allele, the variants showed 98.79–99.48% sensitivity, 99.66–99.81% specificity, 98.80–99.31% PPV, and 99.66–99.86% NPV. Regarding the A phenotype, the diagnostic values were 99.02–99.41% sensitivity, 99.63–99.76% specificity, 99.41–99.61% PPV, and 99.39–99.63% NPV. The *A1 marker allele of all intron 1 variants was also associated with the *AW.06, *AW.13, and *AW.30 variants. Samples with *AW.08, *AW.09, and *A3.02 variants lacked this association. Conclusion: The ABO intron 1 variants revealed significant association with the ABO*A1 allele and the A phenotype. However, the intron 1 genotype does not exclude variant alleles causing weak A phenotypes. With the introduction of reliable tag, single nucleotide variants for the A1, A2, B, and O blood groups and the genotyping instead of phenotyping of the ABO blood group are getting more feasible on a routine basis.
Effect of Chemotherapy in Stage II–IV Large-Cell Lung Carcinoma and Construction of Its Predictive Nomograms: A SEER Analysis
Authors: Hu Guoyan , Liu Yane , Li Xinwei , Jin Mengdi , Liu Xiangyu , Yu Qiong
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Large-cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) is generally poorly differentiated with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to explore the impact of chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with stage II–IV LCLC and to construct nomograms to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Methods: Propensity score matching analysis was used to balance the effects of baseline characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the prognostic impact of chemotherapy on LCLC patients. Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic risk factors, and then nomograms were constructed and validated. Results: Overall, we identified 2,532 patients with LCLC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The chemotherapy group showed better OS and CSS compared to the non-/unknown chemotherapy group for stage II–IV LCLC patients (p < 0.05). Two nomograms were plotted based on the results of Cox regression analysis. The areas under the curves (AUCs) of 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS were 0.786, 0.824, and 0.837, and the AUCs of CSS were 0.785, 0.821, and 0.836, respectively. The calibration curves showed excellent agreement between the prediction and the actual observation, and the decision curve analysis demonstrated good clinical utility. Conclusions: Chemotherapy could improve the prognosis among stage II–IV LCLC patients. In addition, the nomograms showed good predictive ability, which could be useful in making clinical decisions.
O Estado neoliberal: liberdade, individualidade e a expansão do sistema do capital
Authors: Souza Júnior Everton Luís
Published: January 2023

A conformação do que hoje se entende por Estado se deu no século XIX, quando as primeiras estruturas de sua afirmação foram estabelecidas no continente europeu. Ao longo desse mais de um século de sua atuação como ator do sistema internacional, consegue-se perceber diversas mudanças em sua estrutura e em suas formas de regulação, de ação e de normatização que sem dúvida impactaram na conformação social, política, institucional, jurídica, territorial e econômica as quais se têm assentadas hoje. O intuito do presente trabalho gira em torno de: apresentar a transformação do Estado ao longo do século XX, de um Estado de Bem-Estar Social (Welfare State) para uma nova roupagem, o Estado neoliberal, e como isto impactou nas relações sociais, ao exacerbar um novo tipo de socialização, qual seja uma individualidade egóica e mercantil, com a supressão das classes sociais e exaltação do consumidor; atualizar o debate da conformação e estruturação do Estado neoliberal via cooptação da política por agentes capitalistas e na transformação da política, da normatização e regulação estatal em possibilidades de ampliação do mercado e da expansão do sistema do capital, tendo em vista que a mercantilização de todas as instâncias da vida é o mote; e, por fim, utilizando-se de casos atuais, para conseguir vislumbrar o imbróglio perpetrado por este Estado Neoliberal, adentra-se na seara da interpretação e tentativas de apreender o cenário posto, com as perdas de solidariedade social, exacerbação das desigualdades sociais e transformações em diversas esferas da vida.
Acúmulo de serapilheira e organismos edáficos em uma unidade de conservação, em Maceió, Alagoas
Authors: Silva Carlos Augusto Rocha da , Lima Renato Wilian Santos de , Dias Delane dos Santos , Santos Élida Monique da Costa , Gomes Danúbia Lins , Lira Elba dos Santos , Araujo Kallianna Dantas
Published: January 2023

Objetivou-se quantificar a serapilheira sobre o solo em uma Unidade de Conservação, em Maceió, Alagoas. A avaliação foi feita de (ago/2018 a jun/2019) em três ambientes, utilizando moldura de ferro com dimensões 0,5x0,5 m (área=0,25 m2). Foram separadas as frações: folha, galho, estrutura reprodutiva e miscelânea. O material foi seco em estufa a 65 °C e foi quantificada a biomassa seca e estimada as médias mensais e anuais de serapilheira (kg ha-1). Foram amostrados os organismos edáficos com comprimento (≥ 2,0 mm) presentes na serapilheira e quantificada a abundância, riqueza, aplicados os índices de Shannon e Pielou. Foi determinado o conteúdo de água do solo (CAS), medida a temperatura do solo (TS) a 10 cm de profundidade e obtidos dados de precipitação pluvial (PP). A área I apresenta maior quantidade de serapilheira independente do mês; As folhas e galhos são as frações mais observadas na serapilheira nos três ambientes; As variáveis CAS e TS apresentam correlação significativa com a produção de serapilheira, não havendo correlação entre PP e acúmulo de serapilheira. O grupo mais abundante na serapilheira dos três ambientes é Hymenoptera comprovado pelos baixos valores de Shannon e Pielou.
Vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos lineares da bacia hidrográfica do rio dos Cachorros, Amazônia Oriental
Authors: Fushimi Melina , Ribeiro Delony de Queiroz , Nunes João Osvaldo Rodrigues
Published: January 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar as inter-relações dos elementos naturais (solo, relevo, cobertura vegetal e clinografia) e sociais (usos da terra) que definem níveis de vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos lineares (sulcos, ravinas e voçorocas) da bacia hidrográfica do rio dos Cachorros, Amazônia Oriental. Em ambiente de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG), as variáveis solo, relevo, clinografia, uso da terra e cobertura vegetal, assim como os níveis de vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos lineares foram espacializados em mapeamentos, no qual as informações foram reambuladas a partir de trabalhos de campo realizados nos períodos chuvosos e de estiagem. Os resultados mostraram três classes (níveis) de vulnerabilidade ambiental, sendo baixa, média e alta. Nos setores de baixa vulnerabilidade ambiental e meio morfodinâmico estável (8,17% da área total) não foram observadas feições erosivas lineares, com a presença de vegetação de manguezal. Nas áreas de média vulnerabilidade ambiental e meio morfodinâmico intergrade (44,67% da área total), diante da vegetação secundária e mista com diversas fisionomias e níveis de coberturas vegetais identificou-se sulcos. Nos ambientes de alta vulnerabilidade ambiental e meio morfodinâmico fortemente instável (47,16% da área total), os sulcos e as ravinas apresentam-se em avançado estágio de degradação em área urbanizada e área industrial. Cabe ressaltar que os usos da terra modificam intensamente as dinâmicas ambientais e, por conseguinte, influenciam diretamente os níveis de vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos lineares, tornando a vulnerabilidade diferencial e dinâmica, isto é, que altera-se ao longo do tempo histórico e em termos de padrões espaciais.
Os usos da discórdia: a territorialidade das torcidas organizadas como pretexto para intervenções público-privadas nos espaços do futebol
Authors: Valverde Rodrigo Ramos Hospodar Felippe
Published: January 2023

As torcidas organizadas de futebol ainda são matérias de interesse e preocupação por parte da sociedade brasileira. A criação de novas leis, forças de segurança e de novos estádios no século XXI não fizeram desaparecer os seus conflitos violentos. O objetivo geral deste artigo é investigar como as torcidas organizadas alteraram suas territorialidades (Sack, 1986) para se adaptar aos novos dispositivos disciplinares (Foucault, 1979). As torcidas organizadas de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro foram escolhidas como casos na medida em que está mais avançada a integração dos clubes frente à globalização das práticas do futebol. Foram utilizados os relatórios publicados pelo Juizado Especial do Torcedor e os processos jurídicos cadastrados nos sítios eletrônicos Imprensa Oficial e Jusbrasil como bases de dados. A hipótese de trabalho é a de que as formas mais violentas de territorialidade das torcidas organizadas foram deslocadas na cidade. Ao invés das lesões corporais graves e homicídios ligados ao futebol acontecerem dentro dos estádios ou na área próxima ao evento esportivo, as novas forças e equipamentos de segurança estão ocorrendo em outras partes da cidade, sobretudo nos eixos de transportes. A confirmação desta hipótese ainda não é possível pela pequena sistematização de dados. Porém, esta tendência é apresentada nos discursos realizados tanto pelos representantes das torcidas organizadas quanto pelas porta-vozes das forças policiais.
Avaliação isocinética de rotadores externos e internos do ombro de atletas sobre cadeira de rodas e indivíduos sedentários – estudo comparativo
Authors: Fernandes Thamar de Bruyn Ferraz , Shinzato Gilson Tanaka
Published: January 2023

O efeito do desequilibrio muscular na performance e na gênese de lesões em atletas vem adquirindo interesse crescente. Esse desequilíbrio muscular tem sido identificado como ocorrência comum e induzido pelo treino. Recentemente, tem-se sugerido que esse causaria o aumento do risco de lesões nos atletas. Há muitas pesquisas a esse respeito na literatura direcionada são joelho. Pouco se tem a respeito do ombro, alvo de lesões freqüentesem esportistas . Os poucos trabalhos que se tem a esse respeito constam de estudos isocinéticos em atletas de beisebol, natação, tênis e pólo aquático. Esses demonstram alterações importantes no equilíbrio muscular dos ombros dos atletas estudados quando comparados a grupos-controle, em especial o fortalecimento excessivo de rotadores internos em relação a rotadores externos e de adutores em relação a abdutores. O possível papel desse desequilíbrio muscular no desenvolvimento de dores, tendinites, síndromes do impacto e subluxações anteriores tem sido sugerido e estudado.
Antes da Crônica da casa assassinada
Authors: Lamego Valéria
Published: January 2023

Lúcio Cardoso mergulhou corajosamente no espírito da família patriarcal brasileira, por meio de uma rara habilidade: a de tornar possível o encontro da verossimilhança e do poético para revelar o fastidioso moralismo e conservadorismo das classes médias brasileiras dos anos 1930 a 1950. Essa coragem deve ser associada não somente à exposição de seus personagens a situações insólitas transpostas com alto grau de realismo, mas à sua insistência e perseverança em se manter criticamente exilado dos estilos dominantes, afirmando uma postura única na literatura brasileira.
Debaixo de uma bruta chuva: uma análise das críticas de Amoroso Lima a Macunaíma
Authors: Bonavina Rafael
Published: January 2023

Neste trabalho buscamos analisar as críticas de Alceu Amoroso Lima a Macunaíma. Para fundamentar nossa análise, propusemos uma discussão do projeto colonizador católico, em seu aspecto estético e ideológico, partindo do Index librorum prohibitorum e do guia literário do frei Sinzig, a fim de compreender os conceitos que estruturam o conteúdo discursivo de Amoroso Lima. Em seguida contrapusemos essas concepções às ideias de Mário de Andrade, o que nos levou à conclusão que a discussão exemplifica um debate sobre a identidade e a realidade nacional.
Tudo isso e tudo aquilo: uma breve ponderação sobre contradições constitutivas do Modernismo brasileiro
Authors: Azevedo Gabriela Lopes de
Published: January 2023

Os autores e obras brasileiras localizados nas primeiras décadas no século XX estão constantemente sob acusações de não serem verdadeiramente modernos, seja pela diferença e distância entre as realizações vanguardistas de nossos autores e as dos modelos europeus, seja pela ausência de discussão em torno da identidade nacional, seja ainda pelos contornos confusos e borrados entre identidade nacional e local. Entretanto, considerando a ponderação de Marshall Berman de que na Modernidade – e em sua expressão estética, o Modernismo –, não se é isso ou aquilo (Either/Or), mas se é isso e aquilo (Both/And), a experiência histórica e a arte moderna poderiam admitir a sobrevivência dialética das contradições, mesmo se elas, a priori, não coexistissem. A partir da análise do poema “Saudade”, publicado no livro Poemas análogos (1927), de Sérgio Milliet, em que coabitam contradições, temas decadentes, formas clássicas e imagens românticas com técnicas vanguardistas e dicção e ironia modernas, pode-se compreender e melhor interpretar o Modernismo brasileiro, refletindo sobre as contradições da experiência social da Modernidade no Brasil. Desta maneira, evita-se o encerramento da discussão nos argumentos da insuficiência, das impossibilidades, do erro, do “nunca ser moderno” que assombram o Modernismo brasileiro e latino-americano.
Políticas institucionais e movimentos sociais: a trajetória de Federico Sobre Marrom e amarelo, de Paulo Scott
Authors: Daré Rabello Ivone
Published: January 2023

O ensaio investiga o romance Marrom e amarelo, de Paulo Scott, no quadro das discussões contemporâneas sobre a luta por integração das comunidades negras e as ações governamentais.
O modernismo na historiografia literária brasileira
Authors: Acízelo Roberto , Penedo Jacob Lívia , De Sousa Elesbão Juliane
Published: January 2023

O artigo desenvolve o conceito de moderno a partir da etimologia da palavra e passa a discorrer sobre seu uso, culminando na acepção valorativa do termo em relação ao seu oposto, o antigo. Em seguida disserta sobre a adoção do termo para se referir às estéticas no período subsequente à Primeira Guerra (1914-1918) e sobre seus modos de produção na lírica, na prosa e nas artes dramáticas. Entende, ademais, que o modernismo desafia a capacidade de seu interlocutor, o público, por meio de recursos que problematizam o diálogo direto entre agentes e receptores das artes modernas. Para tanto, faz um levantamento da origem da palavra moderno e suas variações (modernismo, modernista) nas letras nacionais, em textos escritos por nomes como, entre outros, José Veríssimo (1857-1916), Ronald de Carvalho (1893-1935) e Nélson Werneck Sodré (1911-1999). Por fim, defende que mesmo uma definição unívoca para moderno, nesses textos iniciais, encontra visões díspares e acepções as mais variadas. Após comentar sobre o uso inicial e o conceito do moderno nas artes brasileiras, o artigo apresenta, no mais, leituras sobre as várias vertentes modernistas e as possibilidades de um marco que estabeleça o fim do modernismo em estudos recentes da historiografia literária brasileira.
Hygrophorus viridiflavidus sp. nov. (Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales), from North China
Authors: ZHANG YU-XIN , MAO NING , FAN LI
Published: January 2023

Hygrophorus viridiflavidus, a new species from Shanxi Province in northern China, belonging to subgenus Colorati, section Limacini, is proposed in this study based on morphology and molecular systematics. Hygrophorus viridiflavidus is similar and closely related to H. glutinifer, but can be distinguished from the latter by its shorter and narrower basidia (35.0–46.5 × 8.0–10.5μm). Morphological characteristics and ITS-phylogeny support Hygrophorus viridiflavidus as a distinct species.
Transfer of six species of Spiradiclis Blume to Ophiorrhiza L. (Rubiaceae)
Authors: IDREES MUHAMMAD , LI MENG , ZHANG ZHIYONG
Published: January 2023

The genus Ophiorrhiza Linnaeus (1751: 150) (Ophiorrhizeae, Rubioideae, Rubiaceae) comprises of ca. 318 taxa in tropical and tropical subtropical Asia, extending to Australia, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands (Darwin 1976, Chen & Taylor 2011, Bremer & Manen 2000), with its greatest diversity in southeastern Asia (Davis et al. 2009, Hareesh 2017, Hareesh & Sabu 2018). The genus has been revised taxonomically in some geographic regions such as Australia (Halford 1991), China (Lo 1990, Chen & Taylor 2011), India (Deb & Mondal 1997, Hooker 1880, Hareesh & Sabu 2018) and the Pacific (Darwin 1976). In the Flora of China, 73 species were reported, in which 47 species are endemic (Chen & Taylor 2011, Yang et al. 2018, Tu et al. 2018, Wu et al. 2017, 2018, Duan et al. 2019) and mainly occurring in southwestern region of China, commonly growing on humid slopes or along valleys under dense forest (Lo 1999, Yang et al. 2018). Generally, Ophiorrhiza species are annual to perennial suffrutescent herbs or small shrubs with cymose inflorescences. Fruit capsules are broadly obcordate, laterally flattened, papery, dry and usually dehiscent loculicidal (Lo 1990, Deb & Mondal 1997, Chen & Taylor 2011, Hareesh 2017, Wu et al. 2018). The Ophiorrhiza species (O. mungos L. (1753: 150), O. mungos L. var. angustifolia (Thwaites) Hook.f. (1880: 77), and O. rugosa Wall. (1824: 547) var. decumbens (Gardner ex Thwaites) Deb & Mondal (1983: 228)) are commercially important as source of Camptothecin (CPT), a potent anticancer drug as well as antiviral and antimicrobial properties (Rajan et al. 2016, Taher et al. 2020).
A revision of the genus Isotomurus (Collembola: Isotomidae) in northern Iran using molecular evidence
Authors: LAFOORAKI ELHAM YOOSEFI , HAJIZADEH JALIL , SHAYANMEHR MASOUMEH
Published: January 2023

Three new species of Isotomurus Börner are described from northern Iran. Status of studied populations is confirmed as new species by using COI and 28SrRNA markers. The new species belong to species-group characterized by 3,3,1 trichobothria on Abd. II–IV, 3+3 laterodistal setae on ventral tube, and no seta on mucro. Isotomurus hyrcanicus sp. nov. is similar to I. palustris Müller in color pattern, but has two lateral bands on last abdominal segments and 10–13 setae on retinaculum. Results of COI analyses shows that all color forms in population of the new species are conspecific. Isotomurus potapovi sp. nov. has a dorsomedial band from Th. II to Abd. V and 6–7 setae on retinaculm, and Isotomurus katule sp. nov. has a uniform body color and 5–8 setae on retinaculum. An identification key for recorded species of genus Isotomurus in Iran is provided. Color pattern as a common character used to identify Isotomurus species is not always reliable and its efficiency needs to be verified for each species.
Anthalona vandammei sp. nov. from Thailand, a sibling species of Neotropical Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Holwedell, 2002) (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
Authors: SINEV ARTEM Y. , TIANG-NGA SUPATRA , SANOAMUANG LAORSRI
Published: January 2023

A new rare species of Anthalona Van Damme, Dumont & Sinev, 2011, Anthalona vandammei sp. nov. (Anomopoda: Chydoridae), is described from Thailand. It is a sister species of Neotropical Anthalona brandorffi (Sinev & Holwedell, 2002), sharing three important synapomorphies: (1) postabdomen widening distally in the anterior portion; (2) long posterior setae of valves, with the last setae located at the posteroventral angle of valves; and (3) only two flaming-torch setae of thoracic limbs IV. A. brandorffi and A. vandammei sp. nov. are similar habitually, but can be clearly distinguished by details of thoracic limb morphology. A. vandammei sp. nov. differs from A. brandorffi in (1) limb 1 IDL seta 3 with a basal spine much thicker and much longer than others, (2) longer setae e-f of endite 2 of limb I and (3) scraper 7 of limb II being only slightly smaller than scraper 6. The amphi-Pacific distribution of the brandorffi-clade of Anthalona is explained best by the Boreotropical hypothesis.
The Relationship between Horizontal and Vertical Velocity Wavenumber Spectra in Global Storm-Resolving Simulations
Authors: Morfa Yanmichel A. , Stephan Claudia C.
Published: January 2023

Several studies have reported vertical kinetic energy spectra almost white in horizontal wavenumber space with evidence of two maxima at synoptic scales and mesoscales, leaving the explanation of these maxima open. Processes known to influence the shape of the horizontal kinetic energy spectra include the superposition of quasi-linear inertia–gravity waves (IGWs), quasigeostrophic turbulence, and moist convection. In contrast, vertical kinetic energy has been discussed much less, as measuring vertical velocity remains challenging. This study compares the horizontal and vertical kinetic energy spectra and their relationships in global storm-resolving simulations from the DYAMOND experiment. The consistency of these relationships with linear IGW theory is tested by diagnosing horizontal wind fluctuations associated with IGW modes. Furthermore, it is shown that hydrostatic IGW polarization relations provide a quantitative prediction of the spectral slopes of vertical kinetic energy at large scales and mesoscales, where the intrinsic frequencies are inferred from the linearized vorticity equation. Our results suggest that IGW modes dominate the vertical kinetic energy spectra at most horizontal scales, whereas an incompressible, isotropic scaling of the continuity equation captures the relationship between horizontal and vertical kinetic energy spectra at small scales.
Delayed Impacts of ENSO on the Frequency of Summer Extreme Hot Days in the Asian Monsoon Region. Part I: Observation, Historical Simulation, and Future Projection in CMIP6 Models
Authors: Ye Jiaxin , Yuan Chaoxia , Yang Mengzhou , Lu Xinyu , Luo Jing-Jia , Yamagata Toshio
Published: January 2023

Significant anomalies in frequency of summer extreme hot days (SEHDs) are broadly observed in the Asian monsoon region (AMR) in the post-ENSO summers. The delayed ENSO impacts are mainly conveyed by provoking the Indo-western Pacific Ocean capacitor (IPOC) effect that maintains the anomalous anticyclone in the western North Pacific. The related diabatic heating anomaly can trigger the westward-propagating Rossby wave to the Indian subcontinent, which increases the geopotential heights, reduces the cloud cover, and thus increases the seasonal surface temperature and SEHD frequency in the southern AMR. Besides, the reduced atmospheric moisture in the western North Pacific hinders the northward propagation of intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) and modulates the occurrence frequency of individual ISO phases, contributing to the significantly increased/decreased SEHDs in eastern China/Hokkaido, Japan, in the post–El Niño summers. The 25-model-ensemble mean of CMIP6 historical runs can reproduce well the observed SEHD anomalies in the southern AMR in the post-ENSO summers mainly due to the realistic simulation of ENSO impacts on the seasonal surface temperature, although a large intermodel spread exists due to different strengths of IPOC effect in each model owing to model biases in the mean state of the eastern tropical Pacific, the ENSO variance, and teleconnection to the Indian Ocean. Furthermore, future projections under the SSP5-8.5 scenario show that the delayed ENSO impacts on the southern AMR remain stable under global warming via a similar mechanism as in the observations and historical runs.
Double-diffusive stagnation point flow over a vertical surface with thermal radiation: Assisting and opposing flows
Authors: Islam Ammara , Mahmood Zafar , Khan Umar
Published: January 2023

In numerous industrial procedures, the main concern of design engineers is ensuring adequate heat and mass transfer, such as in the heating and cooling practices of solar water heaters, geothermal systems, extrusion of metal, insulation of buildings, electronics, turbines, aerodynamics, electronics, paper manufacturing, and glass fiber production. The unsteady double-diffusive mixed convection flow of boundary layer nanofluids above a vertical region near stagnation point flow is developed and examined here. The Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are incorporated by using Buongiorno's model. In the thermal energy equations, diffusion of regular and cross types is also used. By the use of the local similarity method along with suitable similarity transformations, nonlinear unsteady partial differential equations are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations and are numerically solved by the Keller–Box method. The investigation expresses that these profiles of solute concentration and nanoparticle concentration, temperature, and velocity in their boundary layers, respectively, depending on several parameters. A graphic analysis of all these parameters' possessions on nature's boundary layers is depicted. The highest rate of heat transfer is obtained with negligible thermophoresis effect. Furthermore, it is perceived that an increase in Nc and Nt results in a reduction in the reduced Sherwood number of nanoparticles, whereas addition results in an increase in the Nb number. There is a reverse effect on the temperature field and layer thickness for heat generation. In the wake of the above-mentioned potential applications, the current study of fluid flow has been found to be very interesting and innovative in the analysis of the influence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects near stagnation point flow, which will further make revolutions in industrial fields. Moreover, Buongiorno's model predicts the characteristics of double-diffusive fluids in enhancing heat transfers. This investigation has been established as a result of the numerous industrial applications mentioned above.
CPRM: Color perception and representation model for fabric image based on color sensitivity of human visual system
Authors: Zhao Xueqing , Yang Han , Shi Xin , Liu Kaixuan , Wang Yun , Zhang Guigang
Published: January 2023

As an important attribute of fabric appearance and the first element that affects vision, color plays an important part in fabric and garment design, development, production and sales. Fabrics are becoming increasingly colorful which raises the difficulty of automatic recognition. With the development of computer vision technology, it has become a mainstream research hotspot to process and recognize fabric colors through novel computer vision techniques. In this paper, a color perception and representation model (CPRM) for fabric image based on color sensitivity of the human visual system is proposed to deal with the color changes caused by the human eye’s perception of fabric appearance. Inspired by the human visual biological mechanisms, we designed a CPRM by using the color sensitive function. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed CPRM, two types of computer simulation experiments are simulated, which are color shifts and color matching. The former verifies that our proposed model can effectively simulate the human visual system in color perception actions, which is consistent with the results verified by biological experimental data; the latter shows that the proposed model’s synergy of assimilation and contrast is closer to the biological model during the color perception stage. Finally, the CPRM is applied on three different fabric image data sets, and extensive experiments are simulated by the proposed CPRM. The CPRM could not only effectively characterize the color contrasts, but also accurately express the color changes caused by the fine adjustment of dyed fibers. The experimental results show the validity of the proposed CPRM, which can effectively perceive and represent fabric color. The proposed CPRM has important application prospects in improving color matching efficiency and intelligent production level in the textile industry.
Effect of the direct introduction of disulfide groups with 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride on wrinkle recovery of natural protein fibers
Authors: Kuzuhara Akio
Published: January 2023

To develop environmentally friendly natural protein fibers with good wrinkle recovery without changing their excellent physical properties, thiol groups were directly introduced into silk and wool fibers by chemical modification using 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride. Thereafter, disulfide (–SS–) groups were introduced by oxidative cross-linking. The wrinkle recovery of the wool fabrics improved with the increase in 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride concentration. In particular, introducing the reduction process between the 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride treatment and the oxidation process improved the wrinkle recovery of wool fabrics. In contrast, the silk fabrics treated with 0.04 wt% 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride exhibited good wrinkle recovery. In addition, combustion-ion chromatography revealed that sulfur was introduced into the silk fabrics by oxidation after 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride treatment. According to these experiments, directly introducing –SS– groups using 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride into silk and wool fibers effectively improves wrinkle recovery without changing the physical properties of natural protein fabrics.
Smith predictor–based sliding mode control with hyperbolic tangent function for unstable processes
Authors: Kumar Satyendra , Ajmeri Moina
Published: January 2023

In this work, a modified Smith predictor–based sliding mode control (SP-SMC) method is proposed for unstable plus time-delay processes. Sliding mode control has a discontinuous part in its control law which may cause chattering in the control signal if conventional switching strategy is used. A hyperbolic tangent function is employed as a switching element in the suggested SP-SMC technique to minimize the chattering effect. Optimal values of the controller’s unknown parameters are obtained using whale optimization algorithm which is a meta-heuristic technique. The process model used in the proposed Smith predictor control architecture is identified using measurements of limit cycle output which is obtained from online relay test. The proposed controller is found to be robust towards process parameter uncertainties and load disturbance. Suggested control technique results in fast set-point tracking response and significantly improved disturbance rejection performance compared to some other related methods.
Speed tracking control of high-speed train based on adaptive control and linear active disturbance rejection control
Authors: Xue Jing-Ze , Zhao Tong , Bu Ni , Chen Xian-Li , Zhang Baolin
Published: January 2023

This paper proposes a hybrid control scheme combining adaptive control (APC) and linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) to solve the high-speed train (HST) speed tracking control problem. First, in order to meet the actual operation of HST, a multi-mass point dynamic model with time-varying coefficients is established. Second, LADRC is proposed to control the speed of the train, and the anti-disturbance ability of the system is improved by estimating and compensating the total disturbance suffered by the carriage. Third, in order to compensate for the observation error caused by the bandwidth of the linear extended state observer, APC is introduced. The adaptive laws are set for LADRC and train time-varying coefficients, which can effectively eliminate the adverse effects of time-varying coefficients on train operation and improve the control performance of the controller. Meanwhile, the Lyapunov theory is used to prove the stability of the system. Finally, the simulation results show that the hybrid control is more effective in solving the problem of HST speed tracking.
The legitimacy of Scandinavian libraries, archives and museums as public spheres: Views from the professionals
Authors: Larsen Håkon , Kann-Rasmussen Nanna , Rydbeck Kerstin
Published: January 2023

This article analyses how library, archive and museum professionals legitimize the use of scarce societal resources for maintaining their respective organizations, with a special emphasis on their role as public-sphere infrastructure. Drawing on data from a survey among professionals in libraries, archives and museums in Denmark, Norway and Sweden, the authors investigate whether professionals across these institutions have similar expectations of their organizations to serve as public spheres. The analysis is contextualized with references to current library, archive and museum legislation across the three countries. The authors conclude that there are many similarities across the three countries, although national library, archive and museum legislation differs. This is interpreted in light of new public governance being a dominant regime of governance.