bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fine-mapping of retinal vascular complexity loci identifies Notch regulation as a shared mechanism with myocardial infarction outcomes
Authors: Villaplana-Velasco Ana , Pigeyre Marie , Engelmann Justin , Rawlik Konrad , Canela-Xandri Oriol , Tochel Claire , Lona-Durazo Frida , Mookiah Muthu Rama Krishnan , Doney Alex , Parra Esteban J. , Trucco Emanuele , MacGillivray Tom , Rannikmae Kristiina , Tenesa Albert , Pairo-Castineira Erola , Bernabeu Miguel O.
Published: May 2023

There is increasing evidence that the complexity of the retinal vasculature measured as fractal dimension, Df, might offer earlier insights into the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) before traditional biomarkers can be detected. This association could be partly explained by a common genetic basis; however, the genetic component of Df is poorly understood. We present a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 38,000 individuals with white British ancestry from the UK Biobank aimed to comprehensively study the genetic component of Df and analyse its relationship with CAD. We replicated 5 Df loci and found 4 additional loci with suggestive significance (P < 1e−05) to contribute to Df variation, which previously were reported in retinal tortuosity and complexity, hypertension, and CAD studies. Significant negative genetic correlation estimates support the inverse relationship between Df and CAD, and between Df and myocardial infarction (MI), one of CAD’s fatal outcomes. Fine-mapping of Df loci revealed Notch signalling regulatory variants supporting a shared mechanism with MI outcomes. We developed a predictive model for MI incident cases, recorded over a 10-year period following clinical and ophthalmic evaluation, combining clinical information, Df, and a CAD polygenic risk score. Internal cross-validation demonstrated a considerable improvement in the area under the curve (AUC) of our predictive model (AUC = 0.770 ± 0.001) when comparing with an established risk model, SCORE, (AUC = 0.741 ± 0.002) and extensions thereof leveraging the PRS (AUC = 0.728 ± 0.001). This evidences that Df provides risk information beyond demographic, lifestyle, and genetic risk factors. Our findings shed new light on the genetic basis of Df, unveiling a common control with MI, and highlighting the benefits of its application in individualised MI risk prediction.
Multi-omics delineation of cytokine-induced endothelial inflammatory states
Authors: Groten Stijn A. , Smit Eva R. , Janssen Esmée F. J. , van den Eshof Bart L. , van Alphen Floris P. J. , van der Zwaan Carmen , Meijer Alexander B. , Hoogendijk Arie J. , van den Biggelaar Maartje
Published: May 2023

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) form a dynamic interface between blood and tissue and play a crucial role in the progression of vascular inflammation. Here, we aim to dissect the system-wide molecular mechanisms of inflammatory endothelial-cytokine responses. Applying an unbiased cytokine library, we determined that TNFα and IFNγ induced the largest EC response resulting in distinct proteomic inflammatory signatures. Notably, combined TNFα + IFNγ stimulation induced an additional synergetic inflammatory signature. We employed a multi-omics approach to dissect these inflammatory states, combining (phospho-) proteome, transcriptome and secretome and found, depending on the stimulus, a wide-array of altered immune-modulating processes, including complement proteins, MHC complexes and distinct secretory cytokines. Synergy resulted in cooperative activation of transcript induction. This resource describes the intricate molecular mechanisms that are at the basis of endothelial inflammation and supports the adaptive immunomodulatory role of the endothelium in host defense and vascular inflammation.
A sensitive enzyme-free electrochemical sensor based on a rod-shaped bimetallic MOF anchored on graphene oxide nanosheets for determination of glucose in huangshui
Authors: Ma Yi , Leng Yinjiang , Huo Danqun , Zhao Dong , Zheng Jia , Yang Huisi , Zhao Peng , Li Feifeng , Hou Changjun
Published: May 2023

Illustration of the fabrication of NiCo-MOF/GO and its application in glucose determination.
Impact of polymorphism in oleogels of N-palmitoyl-l-phenylalanine
Authors: Schwaller Duncan , Yilmazer Senem , Carvalho Alain , Collin Dominique , Mésini Philippe J.
Published: May 2023

N-Palmitoyl-l-phenylalanine, a natural compound, forms gels at a few wt% in edible oils. The gels exist in two polymorphic structures and the system exhibits a non-variant gel–gel transition between both forms, in addition to the gel–sol transition.
Factorial design applied to LC-ESI-QTOF mass spectrometer parameters for untargeted metabolomics
Authors: Brito de Oliveira Moreira Olívia , Queiroz de Souza Jéssica Cordeiro , Beraldo Candido João Marcos , Patrícia do Nascimento Maria , Chellini Paula Rocha , Marco de Lemos Lúcio , Leal de Oliveira Marcone Augusto
Published: May 2023

Experimental design as an optimization protocol of mass spectrometry parameters towards the acquisition of high quality datasets for metabolomics-driven investigations.
Rapid visual detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA using gold nanoparticles
Authors: Tripathi Aparna , Jain Ratnesh , Dandekar Prajakta
Published: May 2023

Gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA.
Recognition of the interaction between the bioactive peptide Val–Pro–Pro and the minimal promoter region of genes SOD and CAT using QCM-D and docking studies
Authors: Pérez-Vielma Nadia Mabel , Gómez-López Modesto , Maldonado Jesús , Correa-Basurto José , Martínez-Godínez María de los Ángeles , Miliar-García Ángel
Published: May 2023

Recognition of interaction of small peptides (VPP) with specific sequences of genes.
Direct detection of neuron-specific enolase using a spectrometer-free colorimetric plasmonic biosensor
Authors: Toma Mana , Namihara Shinnosuke , Kajikawa Kotaro
Published: May 2023

Direct detection of neuron-specific enolase below the clinical threshold value is performed by a spectrometer-free plasmonic biosensor. This method is based on the colorimetric detection of the sensor chip, which consist of silver nanodome arrays.
Revealing the effect of crystal size on the high-temperature hydrothermal stability of Cu/SSZ-13 NH3-SCR catalysts
Authors: Liu Huabo , Shen Meiqing , Wang Chen , Wang Jun , Wang Jianqiang , Shen Gurong
Published: May 2023

The large-sized Cu/SSZ-13 having a lower amount of Al–OH keeps a relative complete CHA structure after aging. The complete structure is beneficial to the re-dispersion process of copper species and SCR performance during aging.
Capsule-based automated synthesis for the efficient assembly of PROTAC like molecules
Authors: Bordi Samuele , Jiang Tuo , Konopka Anna , Coin Guillaume , Nichols Paula L. , Wanner Benedikt M.
Published: May 2023

Adaption of an easy to use, automated, capsule-based synthesis approach for the rapid preparation of PROTAC-like molecules.
Mechanistic insights into CO2 conversion to CO using cyano manganese complexes
Authors: Cohen Kailyn Y. , Nedd Delaan G. , Evans Rebecca , Bocarsly Andrew B.
Published: May 2023

Without the use of a photosensitizer, [Mn(bpy)(CO)3(CN)] (MnCN) can photochemically form [Mn(bpy)(CO)3]−, the active species for CO2 reduction.
Cellular membrane-targeting ruthenium complexes as efficient photosensitizers for broad-spectrum antibacterial activity
Authors: Wang Yi , Hu Ya-Tao , Zhang Hai-Lin , Chen Yu-Yu , Shi Hong-Dong , Liu Jin-Gang , Zhang Qian-Ling
Published: May 2023

A ruthenium complex [Ru(phen)2(phen-5-amine)-C14] (Ru-C14) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity was synthesized. Ru-C14 can target and image the cell membrane and can be used as a photosensitizer for photodynamic antimicrobial therapy under 465 nm light irradiation.
Tuning the optical and magnetic properties of lanthanide single-ion magnets using nitro-functionalized trispyrazolylborate ligands
Authors: Hossack Christopher , Abdul Folasade , Cahill Christopher , Besson Claire
Published: May 2023

Nitrated lanthanide trispyrazolylborates, [Ln(4-NO2Tp)3], display Ln3+ luminescence (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb and Dy) while the Nd3+ analogue is a single-ion magnet under a small applied field.
Anionic N-heterocyclic carbenes featuring weakly coordinating perfluoroalkylphosphorane moieties
Authors: Zapf Ludwig , Radius Udo , Finze Maik
Published: May 2023

Novel anionic N-heterocyclic carbenes featuring weakly coordinating (C2F5)3PF2−groups at imidazoline were synthesized. These WCA-NHCs are promising ligands with enhanced donor and acceptor properties compared to neutral NHCs.
Colorimetric mercury detection with enhanced sensitivity using magnetic-Au hybrid nanoparticles
Authors: Jeong Miseon , Bae Dahyun , Choi Jin-sil
Published: May 2023

Mag-Au is an efficient colorimetric probe for detecting Hg2+ ions, effectively avoiding interference from unwanted residues or colored samples while enhancing its detection capability.
Stereoselective oxidation of phenoxathiin-based thiacalix[4]arenes – stereomutation of sulfoxide groups
Authors: Broftová N. , Landovský T. , Dvořáková H. , Eigner V. , Krupička M. , Lhoták P.
Published: May 2023

Phenoxathiin-based thiacalix[4]arene possessing an “–SO– out” configuration must be changed to an “in” isomer before its subsequent transformation to the corresponding sulfone.
Study of a three-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor (3D-BER) that combined heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification (HAD) to remove nitrate from water
Authors: Lin Xiangyu , Yin Haoran , Wang Lixin , Chen Yini , Zhao Fan , Pu Yu , Tang Xinhua
Published: May 2023

The 3D-BER enriched denitrifying microorganisms and improved nitrogen removal efficiency.
Integrated pipeline for ultrasensitive protein detection in cancer nanomedicine
Authors: Cheng Chi-An , Chiang Li-Chiao , Chu Yu-Syuan
Published: May 2023

We have developed an integrated pipeline called nanoSimoa that combines an ultrasensitive protein detection technique (Simoa) with cancer nanomedicine, providing an adequate understanding of the nanomedicine's mechanism of action.
Investigation of chalcopyrite removal from low-grade molybdenite using response surface methodology and its effect on molybdenum trioxide morphology by roasting
Authors: Behmadi Reza , Mirzaei Masoud , Afshar M. Reza , Najafi Hamidreza
Published: May 2023

Chalcopyrite removal to enhance the length of MoO3fibers.
Visualization of multiple localizations of GLUT4 by fluorescent probes of PYP-tag with designed unnatural warhead
Authors: Nishiura Miyako , Hori Yuichiro , Umeno Maho , Kikuchi Kazuya
Published: May 2023

Fluorescent probes with a designed unnatural warhead for binding to PYP-tag enabled intracellular/cell-surface selective protein labeling. This unique imaging tool was successfully applied to reveal multiple subcellular localizations of GLUT4.
Preparation and characterization of emulsion gels stabilized by adequately preprocessed insoluble soybean fiber from okara
Authors: Huang Lihua , Cai Yongjian , Su Jiaqi , Zhao Mouming , Zhao Qiangzhong , Van der Meeren Paul
Published: May 2023

Emulsion gels as soft materials were formulated by insoluble soybean fiber (ISF) assembled from okara in this study.
Computational design of a minimal catalyst using colloidal particles with programmable interactions
Authors: Muñoz-Basagoiti Maitane , Rivoire Olivier , Zeravcic Zorana
Published: May 2023

We design a minimal catalyst that accelerates the dissociation of a dimer into monomers by combining theory and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of colloidal particles interactingviaprogrammable potentials.
Nucleation-enhanced condensation and fast shedding on self-lubricated silicone organogels
Authors: Lavielle Nicolas , Beysens Daniel , Mongruel Anne
Published: May 2023

The oil layer released at the surface of an organogel is shown to promote continuous droplet nucleation and menisci-mediated coalescences during water condensation, and to sustainably ensure gravity-induced drainage of droplets.
The electrochemical failure mechanism investigation of Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3 solid-state electrolytes
Authors: Huang Can , Wang Fang , Huang Shuo , Hong Jianhe , Yuan Shuoguo , Hou Shuen , Jin Hongyun
Published: May 2023

NASICON-type Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3 (LATP) is a representative solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical window, superior air/water stability, as well as low toxicity and manufacturing cost.
Introduction to the honorary themed collection for Thomas P. Russell
Authors: Gunkel Ilja , Gu Xiaodan , Lutkenhaus Jodie , Ryu Du Yeol , Chen Jiun-Tai , Lin Zhiqun
Published: May 2023

Guest Editors Ilja Gunkel, Xiaodan Gu, Jodie Lutkenhaus, Du Yeol Ryu, Jiun-Tai Chen, and Zhiqun Lin introduce the honorary themed collection on the occasion of Prof. Thomas P. Russell's 70th birthday.
Akt2 deficiency alleviates oxidative stress in the heart and liver via up-regulating SIRT6 during high-fat diet-induced obesity
Authors: Kong Weixian , Peng Yue , Ji Caoyu , Liu Zekun , Gao Shuya , Zhang Yuexin , Chen Jiawen , Li Xie , Bao Mengmeng , Zhang Yubin , Jiang Qizhou , Wang Fuqun , Li Zhe , Bian Xiaohong , Ye Junmei
Published: May 2023

The present study aims to investigate the role of AKT2 in the pathogenesis of hepatic and cardiac lipotoxicity induced by lipid overload-induced obesity and identify its downstream targets. WT and Akt2 KO mice were fed either normal diet, or high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity model in vivo. Human hepatic cell line (L02 cells) and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were used as in vitro models. We observed that during HFD-induced obesity, Akt2 loss-of-function mitigated lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in the liver and heart tissue. Mechanistically, down-regulation of Akt2 promotes SIRT6 expression in L02 cells and NRCMs, the latter deacetylates SOD2, which promotes SOD2 activity and therefore alleviates oxidative stress-induced injury of hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, we also proved that AKT2 inhibitor protects hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes from HFD-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, our work prove that AKT2 plays an important role in the regulation of obesity-induced lipid metabolic disorder in the liver and heart. Our study also indicates AKT2 inhibitor as a potential therapy for obesity-induced hepatic and cardiac injury.
A novel parameter decoupling approach of personalised federated learning for image analysis
Authors: Su Ruizheng , Pang Xiongwen , Wang Hui
Published: May 2023

Given the importance of privacy protection in databases and other institutions, federated learning (FL) is used to benefit training machine learning models based on these decentralised and private data so as to address the growing vision tasks. However, for federated learning, statistical heterogeneity continues to be a major problem. Recently, plenty of personalised federated learning methods have been explored to solve the problem of statistical heterogeneity. The usage of trained base layers and the effect of feature extraction in personalised layers, however, are hardly considered in those methods that employ the learning personalised models approach. To address the problem of the statistical heterogeneity in image analysis, PCCFED, a personalised federated learning method utilizing the strategy of parameter decoupling is proposed. It should be emphasised that the authors’ personalised federated learning method decouples the personalised (P) layers into a connecting (C) layer and classifier (C) layer in order to enhance the effectiveness of feature learning for personalised layers. Further, an approach is proposed to fully use the base layers to adapt a personalised model based on the newly admitted institution's dataset through meta‐transfer. The performance of the proposed PCCFED on three datasets is evaluated under the practical non‐independent and identically distributed (non‐IID) setting. Extensive experiments demonstrate that compared with baseline methods, the proposed framework achieves the best performance in federated learning and fine‐tuning. Through FL, the investigation reveals a method to reduce statistical heterogeneity while protecting the institutions' privacy.
Few‐shot logo detection
Authors: Hou Sujuan , Liu Wenjie , Karim Awudu , Jia Zhixiang , Jia Weikuan , Zheng Yuanjie
Published: May 2023

The proliferation of deep learning has driven research into deep learning‐based logo detection, which usually needs a large number of annotated data to train the model. However, due to the occasional appearance of new brands or the high cost of annotation, the number of training data is limited. Against this backdrop, the authors adapt the few‐shot object detection into logo detection, and thus present a cutting‐edge method called Double Classification Head (DCH) for Few‐Shot Logo Detection (DCH‐FSLogo), which aims at detecting the unseen logo classes using few annotated data. Unlike the traditional few‐shot detection, some logo objects are similar to their backgrounds and have diverse shapes as well. For this reason, the authors adopt balanced feature pyramid and deformable Region of Interest pooling in DCH‐FSLogo, this enhances the feature extraction capability and adapts to the different logo shapes. In addition, we introduce the DCH for few‐shot logo detection to detect logo objects using few annotated data. Specifically, we use an extra classification head for the base classes to ease the influence from the novel classes. The experimental results on four datasets, namely: FlickrLogos‐32, FoodLogoDet‐1500‐100, LogoDet‐3K‐100 and QMUL‐OpenLogo‐100, demonstrate that our method achieves better performance.
Interferometric synthetic aperture sonar large scale simulated data benchmark of a ship wreck
Authors: Thomas Benjamin W. , Hunter Alan J.
Published: May 2023

Interferometric synthetic aperture sonar (InSAS) systems produce high resolution seafloor imagery and 3‐D bathymetry by exploiting the phase differences between image pairs formed from data collected by vertically separated arrays. This process is non‐trivial due to the inherent ambiguity of interferometric phase estimates, and the effect of layover, where the response of multiple scatterers with different positions are mapped onto the same pixel during imaging. These effects are particularly problematic for complex scenes with strong bathymetry, such as ship wrecks. This is an unsolved problem and improved algorithms for InSAS bathymetry estimation are needed. However, developing and assessing such algorithms using data from fielded InSAS systems is difficult because of a lack of accurate ground truth for the platform motion and the true 3‐D shape of the scene. This paper presents an openly available synthetic data set as an alternative to field‐collected data for use by InSAS algorithm developers. The dataset is derived from a high‐resolution 3‐D photogrammetry scan of the SS Thistlegorm wreck. It was produced by a point‐based diffraction model using parameters similar to the Minehunting UUV for Shallow water Covert Littoral Expeditions (MUSCLE) InSAS.
A new three winding coupled inductors high step‐up DC–DC converter with low input current ripple
Authors: Vesali Mahmood
Published: May 2023

A new high step‐up DC–DC converter is proposed in this study. In the proposed converter with voltage lift technique and coupled inductors (CIs) a high voltage gain is achieved. Although the proposed converter has coupled inductors, the input current is continuous and the input current ripple is low. The proposed converter has only one switch and does not have any auxiliary switch, in which the control of the switch is easy. Soft switching condition is presented for the switch in the converter as zero current switching (ZCS) for turning on instant and zero voltage switching (ZVS) for turning off instant, in which the efficiency is increased. For all diodes expect two diodes in the converter ZCS condition is provided when diodes turn off that reverse recovery problem is solved for these diodes. The proposed converter is fully analyzed and described operation of it. To confirm theoretical analysis, 300 W of the proposed converter is implemented and tested, for which in full load an efficiency of 96.5% is achieved.
A measure of cosmological distance using the C IV Baldwin effect in quasars
Authors: Huang Long , Wang Hui , Gao Zhifu , Zeng Xiangyun , Chang Zhangyong
Published: May 2023

We use the anticorrelation between the equivalent width (EW) of the C IV 1549 Å emission line and the continuum luminosity in the quasars rest frame (Baldwin effect) to measure their luminosity distance as well as estimate cosmological parameters. We obtain a sample of 471 Type I quasars with the UV-optical spectra and EW (C IV) measurements in the redshift range of 2.3 < z < 7.1 including 25 objects at 5 < z < 7.1, which can be used to investigate the C IV Baldwin effect and determine cosmological luminosity distance. The relation EW(C IV) ∝ (λLλ)γ can be applied to check the inverse correlation between the C IV EW and Lλ of quasars and give their distance, and the data suggest that the EW of C IV is inversely correlated with continuum monochromatic luminosities. On the other hand, we also consider dividing the Type I quasar sample into various redshift bins, which can be used to check if the C IV EW–luminosity relation depends on the redshift. Finally, we apply a combination of Type I quasars and Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) of the Pantheon sample to test the property of dark energy concerning whether or not its density deviates from the constant, and give the statistical results.
First detection of deuterated methylidyne (CD) in the interstellar medium
Authors: Jacob Arshia M. , Menten Karl M. , Wyrowski Friedrich , Sipilä Olli
Published: May 2023

While the abundance of elemental deuterium is relatively low (D/H ~ a few ×10−5), orders of magnitude higher D/H abundance ratios have been found for many interstellar molecules, enhanced by deuterium fractionation. In cold molecular clouds (T < 20 K), deuterium fractionation is driven by the H2D+ ion, whereas at higher temperatures (T ≥ 20–30 K) gas-phase deuteration is controlled by reactions with CH2D+ and C2HD+. While the role of H2D+ in driving cold interstellar deuterium chemistry is well understood, thanks to observational constraints from direct measurements of H2D+, deuteration stemming from CH2D+ is far less understood as a result of the absence of direct observational constraints of its key ions. Therefore, making use of chemical surrogates is imperative in order to explore deuterium chemistry at intermediate temperatures. Formed at an early stage of ion-molecule chemistry directly from the dissociative recombination of CH3+ (CH2D+), CH (CD) is an ideal tracer for investigating deuterium substitution initiated by reactions with CH2D+. This paper reports the first detection of CD in the interstellar medium (ISM), carried out using the APEX 12 m telescope toward the widely studied low-mass protostellar system IRAS 16293–2422. Observed in absorption towards the envelope of the central protostar, the D/H ratio derived from the column densities of CD and CH is found to be 0.016 ± 0.003. This is an order of magnitude lower than the values found for other small molecules like C2H and H2CO observed in emission but whose formation, which is similar to that of CH, is also initiated via pathways involving warm deuterium chemistry. Gas-phase chemical models reproducing the CD/CH abundance ratio suggest that it reflects ‘warm deuterium chemistry’ (which ensues in moderately warm conditions of the ISM) and illustrates the potential use of the CD/CH ratio in constraining the gas temperatures of the envelope gas clouds it probes.
Solar-wind electron precipitation on weakly magnetized bodies: The planet Mercury
Authors: Lavorenti Federico , Henri Pierre , Califano Francesco , Deca Jan , Lindsay Simon , Aizawa Sae , Benkhoff Johannes
Published: May 2023

Rocky objects in the Solar System (such as planets, asteroids, moons, and comets) undergo a complex interaction with the flow of magnetized, supersonic plasma emitted from the Sun called solar wind. We address the interaction of such a flow with the planet Mercury, considered here as the archetype of a weakly magnetized, airless, telluric body immersed in the solar wind. Due to the lack of dense atmosphere, a considerable fraction of solar-wind particles precipitate on Mercury. The interaction processes between precipitating electrons and other nonionized parts of the system remain poorly understood. Shading light on such processes is the goal of this work. Using a 3D fully kinetic self-consistent plasma model, we show for the first time that solar-wind electron precipitation drives (i) efficient ionization of multiple neutral exosphere species and (ii) emission of X-rays from the surface of the planet. We conclude that, compared to photoionization, electron-impact ionization should not be considered a secondary process for the H, He, O, and Mn exosphere. Moreover, we provide the first, independent evidence of X-ray aurora-like emission on Mercury using a numerical approach.
The diffuse radio emission in the high-redshift cluster PSZ2 G091.83+26.11: Total intensity and polarisation analysis with Very Large Array 1–4 GHz observations
Authors: Di Gennaro G. , Brüggen M. , van Weeren R. J. , Simionescu A. , Brunetti G. , Cassano R. , Forman W. R. , Hoeft M. , Ignesti A. , Röttgering H. J. A. , Shimwell T. W.
Published: May 2023

Context. Diffuse radio emission in galaxy clusters, namely radio halos and radio relics, is usually associated with merger events. Despite the tremendous advances in observations in the last decades, the particle (re-)acceleration and magnetic field amplification mechanisms and the connection with the stage and geometry of the cluster merger are still uncertain.

Aims. In this paper, we present the peculiar case of PSZ2 G091.83+26.11 at z = 0.822. This cluster hosts a megaparsec-scale radio halo and an elongated radio source whose morphology resembles that of a radio relic. However, the location of this diffuse radio source with respect to the intracluster medium (ICM) distribution and to the cluster centre is not consistent with a simple merger scenario.

Methods. We use Karl Jansky Very Large Array data at 1–4 GHz to investigate the spectral and polarisation properties of the diffuse radio emission. We combine these data with previously published data from the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) in the 120–168 MHz band and from the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT) at 250–500 and 550–900 MHz. Finally, we complement the radio data with Chandra X-ray observations in order to compare the thermal and non-thermal emission of the cluster.

Results. The elongated radio emission east of the cluster is visible up to 3.0 GHz and has an integrated spectral index of α144 MHz3.0 GHz = −1.24 ± 0.03, with a steepening from −0.89 ± 0.03 to −1.39 ± 0.03. These values correspond to Mach numbers ℳradio, int = 3.0 ± 0.19 and ℳradio, inj = 2.48 ± 0.15. Chandra data revealed a surface brightness discontinuity at the location of the radio source with a compression factor of C = 2.22 −0.30+0.39 (i.e. MXray = 1.93−0.32+0.42). We also found that the source is polarised at GHz frequencies. Using QU-fitting, we estimate an intrinsic polarisation fraction of p0 ∼ 0.2, a Rotation Measure of ∼50 rad m−2 (including the Galactic contribution), and an external depolarisation of σRM ∼ 60 rad m−2. The polarisation B-vectors are aligned with the major axis of the source, suggesting magnetic field compression. Hence, we classify this source as a radio relic. Finally, we found a trend consistent with a linear or super-linear correlation between the non-thermal and thermal emission.

Conclusions. We propose an off-axis merger and/or multiple merger events to explain the position and orientation of the relic with the respect to the ICM emission. Given the properties of the radio relic, we speculate that PSZ2 G091.83+26.11 is in a fairly young merger state.
CHEX-MATE: Constraining the origin of the scatter in galaxy cluster radial X-ray surface brightness profiles
Authors: Bartalucci I. , Molendi S. , Rasia E. , Pratt G. W. , Arnaud M. , Rossetti M. , Gastaldello F. , Eckert D. , Balboni M. , Borgani S. , Bourdin H. , Campitiello M. G. , De Grandi S. , De Petris M. , Duffy R. T. , Ettori S. , Ferragamo A. , Gaspari M. , Gavazzi R. , Ghizzardi S. , Iqbal A. , Kay S. T. , Lovisari L. , Mazzotta P. , Maughan B. J. , Pointecouteau E. , Riva G. , Sereno M.
Published: May 2023

We investigate the statistical properties and the origin of the scatter within the spatially resolved surface brightness profiles of the CHEX–MATE sample, formed by 118 galaxy clusters selected via the SZ effect. These objects have been drawn from the Planck SZ catalogue and cover a wide range of masses, M500 = [2 − 15]×1014 M⊙, and redshift, z = [0.05, 0.6]. We derived the surface brightness and emission measure profiles and determined the statistical properties of the full sample and sub-samples according to their morphology, mass, and redshift. We found that there is a critical scale, R ∼ 0.4R500, within which morphologically relaxed and disturbed object profiles diverge. The median of each sub-sample differs by a factor of ∼10 at 0.05R500. There are no significant differences between mass- and redshift-selected sub-samples once proper scaling is applied. We compare CHEX–MATE with a sample of 115 clusters drawn from the THE THREE HUNDRED suite of cosmological simulations. We found that simulated emission measure profiles are systematically steeper than those of observations. For the first time, the simulations were used to break down the components causing the scatter between the profiles. We investigated the behaviour of the scatter due to object-by-object variation. We found that the high scatter, approximately 110%, at R < 0.4R500YSZ is due to a genuine difference between the distribution of the gas in the core of the clusters. The intermediate scale, R500YSZ = [0.4−0.8], is characterised by the minimum value of the scatter on the order of 0.56, indicating a region where cluster profiles are the closest to the self-similar regime. Larger scales are characterised by increasing scatter due to the complex spatial distribution of the gas. Also for the first time, we verify that the scatter due to projection effects is smaller than the scatter due to genuine object-by-object variation in all the considered scales.
Smart Energy Consumption Control in Commercial Buildings Using Machine Learning and IOT
Authors: R. Udendhran , R. Sasikala , R. Nishanthi , J. Vasanthi
Published: May 2023

In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs), in combination with the Internet of Things (IoT), has gained significant attention for optimizing energy consumption in commercial buildings. With the increasing demand for energy and the rising costs of energy, there is a pressing need for efficient methods for energy management in commercial buildings. Smart energy consumption control systems that utilize machine learning algorithms and IoT devices can provide real-time data on energy usage and automate energy usage decisions in commercial buildings. In this paper, we investigate the potential of ANN and SVM-based smart energy consumption control systems in commercial buildings. We aim to analyze the impact of using these algorithms on energy consumption patterns in commercial buildings and evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of these systems in reducing energy consumption and costs while maintaining the desired level of comfort for the occupants. Our study will focus on comparing the performance of ANN and SVM-based algorithms in terms of energy consumption reduction and cost savings. The results of this study can provide valuable insights into the application of ANN and SVM-based smart energy consumption control systems in commercial buildings and contribute to the development of more sustainable and energy-efficient buildings.
Design and Implementation of a Smart Home Energy Management System Using IoT and Machine Learning
Authors: Devi M. , S. Muralidharan , R. Elakiya , M. Monica
Published: May 2023

The paper “Design and Implementation of a Smart Home Energy Management System Using IoT and Machine Learning” proposes a system that aims to optimize energy consumption in a smart home environment. The system uses Internet of Things (IoT) devices to collect real-time data on energy usage and machine learning algorithms to predict future consumption patterns. This paper proposes the use of deep neural networks (DNNs) for the design and implementation of a smart home energy management system using IoT and machine learning techniques. The authors demonstrate the effectiveness of the system through experimental results, showing significant energy savings compared to traditional methods. The DNN is built using Keras or Tensor Flow and is trained on extracted features from energy consumption data collected using IoT sensors. The system is implemented with a real-time monitoring system and a user interface for remote access. The proposed system has the potential to save energy and reduce energy costs for households while providing real-time feedback to the user.
A Smart Energy Management System for Residential Buildings Using IoT and Machine Learning
Authors: P. Joy Kiruba , R. Ahila , M. Biruntha , R. Kalpana
Published: May 2023

The Smart Energy Management System (SEMS) for Residential Buildings using IOT-based back propagation with ANN is a novel approach to optimize energy consumption in buildings by leveraging data from internet of things (IOT) devices. This system collects data on energy consumption, weather conditions, occupancy patterns, and sensor data from IOT devices such as motion sensors, temperature sensors, and smart appliances. The collected data is then preprocessed and used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) using back propagation algorithm. The trained model can then predict future energy demands, leading to cost savings and reduced environmental impact by optimizing energy consumption in a residential building. The proposed algorithm can be used as a foundation for building an effective SEMS using IOT-based back propagation with ANN.
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Wind Turbine Performance Prediction
Authors: Muralidharan S. , Parthasarathy S. , A. Deepa , Jersha Jermin
Published: May 2023

The abstract describes a comparative study of various machine learning techniques for wind turbine performance prediction. The dataset used in this study is obtained from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and contains meteorological data and power output from a wind turbine. The machine learning techniques considered in this study include artificial neural networks (ANN), decision trees (DT), and random forests (RF). The results show that RF outperforms ANN and DT in terms of RMSE and MAE, while ANN outperforms DT and RF in terms of R-squared. Overall, this research demonstrates the effectiveness of machine learning techniques for wind turbine performance prediction and provides insights on the advantages and disadvantages of certain machine learning approaches. The findings of this research can be used to guide wind farm managers in selecting appropriate machine learning techniques for wind turbine performance prediction.
Design and Implementation of a Smart Solar Irrigation System Using IoT and Machine Learning
Authors: B. Anitha , P. Jeyakani , V. Mahalakshmi , Shalini S. , R. Senthil kumar
Published: May 2023

Water scarcity is a major challenge in the agriculture industry, and traditional irrigation methods are often wasteful and inefficient. To address this challenge, a smart solar irrigation system that uses loT and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms can optimize water usage for agriculture. The system can provide automated irrigation, improve crop yields, and reduce water consumption. This paper proposes a design and implementation methodology of a smart solar irrigation system using loT and ANN algorithms. The system includes solar panels, a water pump, a water storage tank, sensors, loT devices, and ANN algorithms. The system is designed to automate the irrigation process by controlling the water pump based on the data collected from the sensors.
Alte Drogen – neue Erkenntnisse? Neue Strategien zur
adjuvanten Behandlung von Harnwegsinfekten mit Schachtelhalmkraut
Authors: Mo Boris , Hensel Andreas
Published: May 2023

Tamm-Horsfall-Protein (syn. THP, Uromodulin) ist ein im distalen Tubulus der
Niere sekretiertes Protein, welches in der Lage ist, uropathogene E. coli
zu binden und somit deren Ausscheidung zu verbessern und die
Pathogen-Wirt-Interaktion zu reduzieren. Die Erhöhung der Sekretion von
THP durch spezielle Induktoren stellt eine neue und innovative Therapiestrategie
zur Prophylaxe und/oder Behandlung von Harnwegsinfekten dar.

In einer biomedizinischen Studie mit n=10 Probanden wurde der Einfluss
eines Schachtelhalmkraut-Trockenextraktes (DEV 4–7:1, Auszugsmittel
Wasser) aus Equisetum arvense L. nach siebentägiger Einnahme auf
die THP-Sekretion untersucht. Die jeweilige Tagesdosis des Extraktes
(1,30 g) entspricht 7,2 g Droge und somit der
Dosierungsempfehlung des HMPC. Die Quantifizierung der THP-Konzentrationen in
den Einzelproben und in gepooltem Urin erfolgte aus den an den Studientagen 0,
3, 6 und 8 gesammelten morgendlichen Mittelstrahlurinen mittels validiertem
ELISA. Zusätzlich wurden die Elektrolyte in allen Urinproben sowie der
Kreatinin-Gehalt quantifiziert. Routineparameter wurden mittels Urinteststreifen
bestimmt.

Das THP/Kreatinin [µg/mg]-Verhältnis (=
THP-Ausscheidungsrate) unter der Anwendung von Schachtelhalmextrakt zeigte
signifikante Steigerungen über die jeweilige Anwendungsdauer (bis zu
400%, bezogen auf den Ausgangswert des Tag-0-Urins). Ebenfalls zeigte
sich eine diuretische Wirkung, die über die erniedrigte
Osmolarität und die erhöhte Elektrolytausscheidung
(Na+, Cl–, Ca2+
sowie Silicium-Derivate) erkennbar war. Weiterhin wurde der Einfluss der
Urinproben im ex-vivo-Assay auf die Adhäsion von UPEC (Stamm
NU14) auf humane T24-Blasenzellen untersucht. Dabei zeigte sich, dass die
relative bakterielle Adhäsion an die Wirtszellen im Laufe der
Schachtelhalmbehandlung signifikant abnahm. Die Hemmung der bakteriellen
Adhäsion korreliert sehr gut mit der THP-Zunahme in den jeweiligen
Urinproben. Der über LC-MS vollständig charakterisierte
Schachtelhalmextrakt zeigte selbst keine anti-adhäsiven Eigenschaften,
sodass daraus zurückgeschlossen werden kann, dass entweder die renale
Stimulation von THP oder die induzierte Diurese zu einer Verringerung der
bakteriellen Adhäsion führt. Die vorliegenden Untersuchungen
könnten dazu dienen, die traditionelle Verwendung von Ackerschachtelhalm
bei unkomplizierten Harnwegsinfektionen zu rationalisieren.
Glowing performance for a luminescence thermometry technique
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: May 2023

Doubling the thermalizations in the emission measurement doubles sensitivity for high temperature luminescence thermometry applications.
E-noses: Smells like the future of sensors
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: May 2023

Graphene and machine learning employed sensor enables identification of a wide range of gases
Products from reducing chromium carcinogen trace hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: May 2023

Bacteria break down hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, which is 100 times less toxic and has uses in the food industry.
Magnetoelectric effects in ferromagnetic metal monolayers
Authors: Chen Ju , Hu Chen , An Yipeng , Gong Shi-Jing
Published: May 2023

Manipulating magnetic properties by purely electrical means is a key challenge to improve information technology. In the three-dimensional ferromagnetic (FM) metal thin films, for example, the 3d-transitonal metal thin films Fe, Co, and Ni, the electric-field effect is restricted within the surface around 2–3 Å due to the screening effect, and it is hard to separate the bulk and surface states. In the present investigation, through first-principles calculations, we explore the electric-field effect on the two-dimensional (2D) FM metal monolayers Fe3GeTe2, Fe3GeSe2, and Fe3GeTeSe. It is found that magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of these three materials follows the sequence: Fe3GeTe2 > Fe3GeTeSe > Fe3GeSe2, because the atomic spin–orbital coupling of Te is much stronger than that of Se. The most interesting finding is that the electric-field effect on MAE is obviously enhanced in Fe3GeTeSe, which is nearly ten times of Fe3GeTe2 and Fe3GeSe2, and we find the large difference results from its asymmetric structure. Our investigation reveals the magnetoelectric (ME) mechanism and obtains the large ME effect, which is of great significance in the 2D magnetoelectronics.
Dynamic orbital hybridization triggered spin-disorder renormalization via super-exchange interaction for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Huang Peilin , Meng Ming , Zhou Gang , Wang Peifang , Wei Wenxian , Li Hao , Huang Rong , Liu Fuchi , Liu Lizhe
Published: May 2023

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) underpins many aspects of energy storage and conversion in modern industry and technology, but which still be suffering from the dilemma of sluggish reaction kinetics and poor electrochemical performance. Different from the viewpoint of nanostructuring, this work focuses on an intriguing dynamic orbital hybridization approach to renormalize the disordering spin configuration in porous noble-metal–free metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to accelerate the spin-dependent reaction kinetics in OER. Herein, we propose an extraordinary super-exchange interaction to reconfigure the domain direction of spin nets at porous MOFs through temporarily bonding with dynamic magnetic ions in electrolytes under alternating electromagnetic field stimulation, in which the spin renormalization from disordering low-spin state to high-spin state facilitates rapid water dissociation and optimal carrier migration, leading to a spin-dependent reaction pathway. Therefore, the spin-renormalized MOFs demonstrate a mass activity of 2,095.1 A g
metal
−1
at an overpotential of 0.33 V, which is about 5.9 time of pristine ones. Our findings provide a insight into reconfiguring spin-related catalysts with ordering domain directions to accelerate the oxygen reaction kinetics.
Corrosion protection of mild-steel in 1M HCl using nanocomposite from Triumfetta rhomboidei
Authors: Agbaffa Bamidele E. , Olasehinde Emmanuel F. , Adebayo Matthew A.
Published: May 2023

Titanium nanocomposite (TiTR) was synthesised from Triumfetta rhomboidea leaf extract and used as corrosion protection of mild steel (MS) in 1 M hydrochloric acid. The corrosion inhibition process of the nanocomposite was explored using weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarisation (PDP). The corrosion inhibition performance of TiTR is a function of concentration and temperature. The results revealed that TiTR was 84.27% efficient in limiting MS corrosion at 1.0 g L−1 and 3 h. The TiTR acted as a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor and Langmuir isotherm indicated that TiTR was adsorbed on mild steel through physisorption by forming a monolayer of film. Surface morphology study of MS visually confirmed the protection of MS by TiTR through film formation.
Quantitative characterization of the temporal-spatial evolution of RONS in air surface micro-discharge using UV–VIS optical absorption spectroscopic diagnosis and modeling approach
Authors: Liu Chen , Feng Chunlei , Wang Zhiwei , Wu Ding , Ding Hongbin
Published: May 2023

The research of the chemically active species of cold atmospheric pressure plasmas is a essential step for a more in-depth comprehension of the effects of its interaction with the target. In this paper, the temporal and spatial evolution of key species O3, NO2 and NO3 produced by surface micro-discharge in air were investigated. UV–VIS optical absorption spectroscopy at 254 nm, 400 nm and 662 nm were used to measure the concentrations of O3, NO2 and NO3, respectively. The results show that the temporal evolution of O3, NO2 and NO3 are revealed a significant correlation with the surface power density (SPD). The phenomenon of O3 and NO3 quenching occur once the SPD overcomes a critical value of 0.15 W cm−2. An O3-enriched atmosphere (peak concentration around 3000 ppm) is formed when the SPD is below the critical value, and a NO2-enriched atmosphere (maximum NO2 density around 600 ppm) is formed at higher SPD. In addition, the concentration distribution of O3, NO2 and NO3 in the chamber ranging from 10–100 mm of the downstream of the mesh electrode tends to be uniform. Finally, a zero-dimensional model of the afterglow chemistry, validated using the experimental measurements, is developed to determined important reactions affecting O3, NO2 and NO3 respectively, and obtain insight into the evolutionary behavior of the considered reactive species.
Transport properties of a 1000 nm HgTe film: the interplay of surface and bulk carriers
Authors: Savchenko M L , Kozlov D A , Vasilev N N , Mikhailov N N , Dvoretsky S A , Kvon Z D
Published: May 2023

We report on systematic study of transport properties of a 1000 nm HgTe film. Unlike thinner and strained HgTe films, which are known as high-quality three-dimensional topological insulators, the film under study is much thicker than the limit of pseudomorphic growth of HgTe on a CdTe substrate. Therefore, the 1000 nm HgTe film is expected to be fully relaxed and has the band structure of bulk HgTe, i.e. a zero gap semiconductor. Additionally, the system is characterized by the bands inversion, so that the two-dimensional topological surface states (TSSs) are expected to exist. To check this claim we studied classical and quantum transport response of the system. We demonstrate that by tuning the top-gate voltage one can change the electron-dominating transport to the hole one. The highest electron mobility is found to be more than300×103 cm2 Vs−1. The system exhibits Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations with a complicated pattern and shows up to five independent frequencies in corresponding Fourier spectra. These Fourier peaks are attributed to the TSSs, Volkov-Pankratov states and spin-degenerate bulk states in the accumulation layer near the gate. The observed peculiarities of the quantum transport are the strong SdH oscillations of the Hall resistance, and the suppressed oscillatory response of the TSSs.
Relativistic effects of LEO satellite and its impact on clock prediction
Authors: Wu Meifang , Wang Kan , Liu Jiawei , Zhu Yuncong
Published: May 2023

Low Earth orbit (LEO) augmentation in the global navigation satellite system has become a focus in the current satellite navigation field. To achieve high precision in positioning, navigation and timing services, relativistic effects should be considered, as they are difficult to distinguish from LEO satellite clock estimates and disturb their predictions. The relativistic effects on LEO satellite clocks are discussed in detail based on both theoretical and empirical results. Two LEO satellite clock prediction strategies are proposed, with and without removing the relativistic effect, using real data from typical LEO satellites: SENTINEL-3B and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE FO-1). For GRACE FO-1 and SENTINEL-3B, the relativistic effects are both on the order of nanoseconds and after removing the relativistic effects, the modified Allan deviations of the clocks are shown to be significantly improved. Based on the prediction strategies proposed, for SENTINEL-3B at around 810 km, with the prediction period increased from 30 to 3600 s, the root mean square error (RMSE) increases from 0.025 ns to about 1.4–1.6 ns. For the lower LEO satellite GRACE FO-1 at around 500 km, the RMSE of the predicted clocks increases more rapidly, i.e. from 0.012 ns at 30 s to about 4.5 ns at 3600 s. Results showed that the LEO satellite relativistic effects developed based on the theory could correct the majority, but not all of the once- and twice-per-revolution terms in the LEO satellite clocks. Although the corrections have exhibited effective improvements in the clock stability, they do not behave better than simply applying the mathematical model to the clock predictions. The latter model, however, does not have physical foundations as the former one.