bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Affective Polarization: Not Always Between Ingroup Vs Outgroup (Evidence from Twitter Conversation with Keywords Jokowi and PDIP)
Authors: Putri Nur.A.Dwi , Setiyono Budi , Yuwono Teguh , Erowati Dewi
Published: November 2023

The current development of information technology has transformed the form of public participation in politics. Political participation not only occurs in the real world but also in virtual spaces, and this is a manifestation of a smart society. Forms of political participation in virtual spaces, such as those observed on social media, give rise to the phenomenon of affective polarization, which is polarization based on likes and dislikes between internal and external groups. While some scholars have focused on affective polarization in the context of ingroup and outgroup dynamics within social media, there is still limited research on polarization occurring within the same ingroup. This study aims to address this gap by examining the phenomenon of affective polarization on Twitter, using the keywords 'PDIP' and 'Jokowi.' These hashtags emerged as reactions to a video segment of Megawati's speech that criticized Jokowi. By employing sentiment and content analysis on 964 tweets and user accounts, we found that 67% of Twitter users expressed negative sentiments towards Megawati's remarks about Jokowi, and these Twitter users included both Jokowi's supporters and neutral users. This result demonstrates that affective polarization not only occurs between internal and external groups but can also happen within the same group. These findings contribute to the advancement of research on affective polarization in the online context.
Social Media Analysis On The Urgency Of Passing Bill Elimination Violence against Women (RUUPKS) 2022
Authors: Angesti Tyas Hadi , Fatikha Nindya Tiara , Ramadan Annisa Risky , Athaya Wenne Nauradha , Ifada Mutia
Published: November 2023

Violence cases are a form of criminal activity regardless of age or gender. This study aims to analyze the role of Komnas Perempuan on Twitter in the urgency of ratifying the Bill on the Elimination of Violence against Women (RUUPKS) in 2022. This study uses a qualitative approach that aims to examine certain social phenomena. In addition, this research uses Qualitative Data Analysis Software (Q-DAS). Then the data were analyzed using Nvivo 12Plus software. The results obtained: First, in 2021, the KomnasPerempuan Twitter account is considered the most active in providing information about violence against women. Second, the KomnasPerempuan Twitter account produces content that demonstrates the authenticity of content. Third, the developing narrative on Twitter raises cases of sexual violence using hashtags, especially women and children. Fourth, KomnasPerempuan's Twitter content refers to four topics that are often discussed, namely information media with a percentage of 41%, participation media at 28%, narrative media at 18% and coordination media with a percentage of 13%. This research is used to complement previous research that focused on the Twitter social media activism phenomenon related to RUUPKS in the scope of human rights.
Examining government leaders’ COVID-19 pandemic management in the information age: A content analysis of netizens’ reactions on Twitter
Authors: Low Kah Choon , Roslan Faridatul Amanina , Wider Walton , Chong Say Lee
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on governments worldwide, necessitating swift and effective responses to contain the virus. The widespread use of social media platforms, including Twitter, has provided a channel for netizens to both praise and criticise their government’s pandemic management efforts. This study aimed to investigate netizens’ reactions to the Malaysian government leaders’ management of the COVID-19 pandemic in the information age. Qualitative methods were employed with 135 Twitter users selected as respondents using purposive sampling to gather their reactions to the government leaders’ pandemic management. An observation approach and content analysis were used to analyse the tweets posted by netizens between March 2020 and October 2022. This study revealed that netizens portrayed diverse reactions to the government leaders’ failure to implement the Movement Control Order (MCO) and carry out law enforcement in Malaysia, as evidenced by the trending hashtag (#hashtag) on Twitter. Based on the findings, several strategies for reinventing pandemic management in the information age of social media were recommended to policymakers to address the challenges faced by government leaders.
Optimizing the Role of ICT and Citizen Participation: Analysis of Smart City Governance Implementation in Jakarta, Indonesia and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Mutiarin Dyah , Lawelai Herman
Published: November 2023

The implementation of Smart City Governance (SCG) in Southeast Asia has gained attention as a way to improve urban life by integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and citizen participation. This study examines the implementation of SCG in two Southeast Asian cities, Jakarta, Indonesia, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, through online news articles analysis and data Twitter. The study employs a qualitative research method using NVivo 12 Plus software for data analysis. The study finds that the use of ICT in smart city governance in Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur has increased citizen participation through social media and government apps, especially Twitter. Analysis of Twitter data highlights the importance of monitoring public sentiment and differences in views related to the implementation of smart city governance. Citizen participation has a significant impact in improving transparency and the quality of public services. Digital inclusion is key in ensuring inclusive citizen participation and overcoming gaps in access. The study recommends that Jakarta can learn from Kuala Lumpur's success and enhance its communication strategies to increase public awareness and participation while also improving the quality and accessibility of ICT services to facilitate citizen engagement. This research provides insights for policymakers and practitioners in the development of SCG in Southeast Asia.
The Influence of Digital Transformation on Service Quality in The Education Sector
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Shabrina Nurqamarani Adisthy , Ratih Wulandari Florentina , Festati Broto Mani
Published: November 2023

Digital transformation is the key to success in the VUCA era, including the education sector. This study aims to measure digital transformation in the education sector, particularly in higher education. This study uses a quantitative approach to address the research questions. Data collection was carried out through a survey of all employees of Universitas Terbuka via WhatsApp and email. Data analysis is carried out using SEM-PLS. The results of the study show that resources, information systems, and organizational structure and culture influence the success of digital transformation and the quality of education services. Factors that have an important role are the structure and culture of the organization. Organizational culture has a significant role in changing patterns of educational services. The implications of the study show the need to carry out similar research at several levels of education, such as digital transformation in primary, secondary, and tertiary education on face-to-face learning.
Evaluating Government Readiness for Industry 4.0: A Case Study of Batam City
Authors: Fajrah Nofriani , Rasid Ridho Muhammat , Salsabila Lubna
Published: November 2023

This research aims to evaluate the readiness of the government in Batam City for the challenges and opportunities brought about by Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 refers to the integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, internet of things, and automation in various sectors of the economy. The research utilizes a case study approach, focusing on Batam City as a specific context for analysis. Primary data is collected through interviews and observations, while secondary data is gathered from relevant documents and reports. The findings of the research shed light on the current state of government readiness, including its policies, infrastructure, and human resources, in adapting to the demands of Industry 4.0. The analysis explores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges faced by the government in Batam City. The research findings contribute to a better understanding of the preparedness of local governments in Indonesia for the transformative changes brought by Industry 4.0 and provide insights for policymakers and stakeholders in formulating strategies to enhance government readiness and ensure successful adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies.
Adopting Mobile Assisted Language Learning to Improve Digital Literacy in the Era of Society 5.0
Authors: Aini Nurul , Afrilia Nur Sitha , Radhia and Fathy
Published: November 2023

The industrial and social development from Industry 4.0 to Society 5.0 has brought many challenges, especially regarding the low quality of human resources, which can be overcome by increasing digital literacy. In order to support the programs conducted by the Indonesian government in increasing digital literacy, this study aims to propose the concept of digital literacy learning, especially in digital consumption through portable devices, by adopting the concept of mobile assisted language learning (MALL). The focus of this study is on increasing digital literacy among higher education students as digital literacy is crucial in supporting their learning process and future self-development. The design process of MALL is carried out using the Design Thinking approach. The research respondents were Business and IT students from BINUS Semarang. The research resulted in the concept of a mobile device-based pocket dictionary application for digital literacy learning. Furthermore, the prototype can be developed into a mobile app on the Android platform and web pages that can be accessed anytime and anywhere. Further research can be conducted to provide alternative solutions related to the same issue by using other methods such as Design Sprint and Agile development.
Enhancement of state-owned enterprises’ financial reporting through e-governance
Authors: Chiuriri Fungisai Maria , Arshad Rozita
Published: November 2023

State-owned enterprises in Zimbabwe often take long to report their financial statements due to unfunded policy mandates, weak governance, and a lack of capacity of governments to oversee the enterprises/parastatals. Information systems can help improve the operation of state enterprises and expedite financial reporting by interfacing e-governance and corporate governance. This paper aims to present a systematic empirical literature review to examine the role of corporate governance in the timeliness of financial reporting and opportunities of e-Corporate Governance in State-owned enterprises. Specifically, the proposed study’s motivation aroused from vast literature focusing on the role of corporate governance in the timeliness of financial reporting and opportunities of e-Corporate Governance in State-owned enterprises. The study reviewed some of the articles for literature that deliver robust suggestions on the timeliness of financial reporting and opportunities of e-Corporate Governance in State-owned enterprises. Findings suggest that effective corporate governance can improve the performance and accountability of state enterprises. E-corporate governance can help state enterprises report their financial statements promptly. Adoption of e-governance can improve corporate governance in state enterprises by providing best practices and independent oversight mechanisms.
Application Of Web-Based Archiving Information System (E-Sip) at BPK RI Yogyakarta
Authors: Susilawati Desi , Widadi Sigit , Parwoto  , Maurine Rr. Sandrina , Polanunu Ummul
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, almost every aspect of daily life cannot be separated from digital technology. Modern globalization has accelerated the development of information technology and information systems. Because the user has a specific need, organizations like BPK RI DIY are still resistant to manual document retrieval because they are inefficient and ineffective. This is because the user has a specific need. As such, the goal of developing the web-based application of Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Pengarsipan (E-SIP) is to facilitate archiving issuance. In this application, which was created utilizing the waterfall model, the front-end and back-end frameworks were ReactJS for the front end and NetstJS for the back end, both of which are based on NodeJS for databases using MYSQL. This technique uses the Black box for the GUI of the inactive archive application. Based on test results showing that the archiving application is simple to use and understand, it can be assumed that the application can help organizations like BPK RI DIY in archiving management.
TreatmentImprovements of Catalysts for Higher Yield of Catalytic Cracking
Authors: Ma Haowei
Published: November 2023

Catalytic cracking is the major source of light olefins. And it is proved that some aromatics can also be obtained via catalytic cracking. Products are always impacted by many factors, especially catalysts. After a long time of development of industrial and commercial catalysts, a general kind of catalysts used in FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) process is molecular sieves. Zeolites molecular sieves are normally applied to enhance the products of light olefins and BTX(Benzene-Toluene-Xylene). This paper highlights some methods to improve the zeolites from different perspectives based on those conditions that can affect zeolites. Some characteristics are discussed like structure, acid sites, acidity, etc. Besides, the cost of synthesis and regeneration should be considered as well. Some ideas about the modification of zeolites are summarized in this article like ion exchange of zeolites by rare earth metals or acids, which all prove the great success of improvements of zeolites. Olefin and BTX production increase effectively with these modified catalysts. There will be more kinds of catalysts in the future by combinations and modifications.
The Influence of Polymers on Athletics in Winter Olympics
Authors: Hu Hongzhang
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, polymers play a crucial role in the Winter Olympics, from the equipment used by athletes to the infrastructure of the event. Skis, snowboards, and ice skates are all made from advanced polymer materials that offer high strength. These materials are also designed to withstand extreme temperatures and harsh weather conditions, making them ideal for winter sports. In addition, polymers provide excellent insulation and can withstand the weight and pressure of heavy equipment and crowds. Furthermore, polymers are used in the production of clothing and protective gear for athletes, such as helmet, goggles, and gloves. These materials offer superior performance, comfort, and protection against impact and injury. In summary, polymers have revolutionized the Winter Olympics by providing athletes with the equipment and infrastructure necessary to compete at the highest level. This paper gives information about what are the polymers materials which used in the Winter Olympics and how they can apply in the different fields of the sports.
Research Progress in Cathode Catalysts for Li-CO2 Batteries
Authors: He Kai
Published: November 2023

The need for environmentally friendly and effective energy storage technologies is growing urgently in response to the rising energy demand and the seriousness of the environmental issues, in order to meet the Double Carbon objective. Li-CO2 batteries are a newer battery technology that has drawn a lot of interest. Its distinctiveness comes from the utilization of CO2 as a key component in energy storage, which can efficiently transform CO2 supplies into energy preservation and potentially be sustainable and environmentally friendly. This article examines the Li-CO2 battery's internal working mechanisms, delves into the selection and development of positive electrode catalysts, and contrasts several materials to list their benefits and drawbacks. Carbon-based materials, precious metals, and their compounds, and transition metals and their complexes are the main areas of emphasis. Carbon materials' exceptional conductivity, enormous specific surface area, and high commercial viability are underlined. The performances of precious metals and transition metals paired with carbon materials are compared in detail. Finally, suggestions for further research into potential cathode catalytic materials for Li-CO2 batteries are provided based on the effectiveness and practical utility of various materials. In an attempt to combat global warming and environmental pollution, new methods for converting waste gases, such as carbon dioxide, into energy will be developed thanks to research on Li-CO2 batteries. The features of this battery technology, such as its high density of energy and lengthy cycle life, are projected to make it more practical to store and use renewable energy.
Technologies for the Use of Positive Electrode Materials for New Energy Vehicles
Authors: Qiu Mingwei
Published: November 2023

Under China's relevant policies, the focus on civilian vehicles has shifted from fuel vehicles to new energy vehicles. However, there are a variety of choices for the positive electrode materials of battery systems, and different positive electrodes have different advantages. This paper investigates three cathode materials used in new energy vehicles, describes their preparation methods, and compares their performances. The results are that the highest first discharge specific capacity is for a lithium-ion battery prepared from LiNi0.94Co 0.04Al 0.02(OH)2 as the cathode material, and the highest first coulomb efficiency and cycle capacity retention is for a lithium iron phosphate battery prepared from a LiFePO4/C composite. The purpose of studying the three materials in this paper is to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the batteries used in the current new energy electric vehicles, and in the follow-up research, try to further improve their characteristics according to these their battery capacity and thermal stability.
Application of Photovoltaic (PV) Cell and Limited Factor
Authors: Wang Chenxi
Published: November 2023

With the concept of carbon neutrality and carbon emissions peak, the Chinese government emphasize the importance of the application of renewable energy like photovoltaic energy. Internationally, some countries and regions already have ability to replace fossil energy with renewable resources such as wind, solar, wind, and hydrogen energy. This thesis focuses on photovoltaic energy and its applications. Photovoltaic energy usually uses monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon as raw materials, and this paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of both raw materials. The technology of building PV integration, which combines PV cells with buildings, and the technology that increases the conversion efficiency of PV cells by passivating the back contact of the emitting area are described in detail. In addition, this study illustrates the reasons that limit the development of photovoltaic cells under the current technology in terms of both self-factors and environmental factors. The self-factors are mainly the conversion rate of its own materials and energy consumption of meta-components, and the environmental factors are mainly the geographical location leading to the solar altitude angle and the amount of solar radiation. In the future, the global PV market will continue to maintain a rapid growth trend, driven by favorable factors such as the continued decline in the cost of photovoltaic power generation and the positive market orientation.
Main Contributions, Applications and Future Prospect of PV
Authors: Zhang Weichen
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, with the development of society and economy, the disadvantages of traditional fossil fuels are obvious, and people pay more attention to renewable energy. Due to the inexhaustible nature of solar energy, which helps to get rid of the dependence on fossil fuels, photovoltaic technology has been valued and developed. Photovoltaic (PV) technology can use the photovoltaic effect to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and it is clean and pollution-free, avoiding harm to the environment. Photovoltaics has significant advantages over other types of renewable energy generation. Photovoltaics has made a significant contribution to social progress and has been widely used in today's society. Therefore, Photovoltaics outpaces other types of renewable energy generation, its development prospect is very impressive and has received strong support. This article aims to introduce the main contributions and applications of photovoltaics from different aspects and analyze development prospects and limitations of PV by explaining its technical principles.
Applications of Graphene in Different Fields
Authors: Luan Dongze
Published: November 2023

Graphene is the single layer of carbon atoms, which shows extraordinary electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical capabilities. This research summarizes recent advances in applying graphene for energy storage, environmental engineering, and electronic devices. The two common synthetization approaches of graphene, top-down and bottom-up are illustrated. Graphene enhances lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors as electrode materials due to its excellent physical and chemical properties such as high surface area and conductivity. The preparation methods of the graphene used in electrodes are shared. It removes both inorganic and organic pollutants from water through adsorption. As a printed 3D scaffold, graphene effectively absorbs gaseous pollutants. Graphene nanostructures improve the sensitivity of the biosensors: fluorescence sensors, electrochemical sensors, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors, the surface enhanced Raman scattering sensors. Highly conducting graphene paper can replace metals in flexible antennas. Graphene-metal nanocomposites transfer heat efficiently and cool electronics when dispersed in fluids. The multifunctionality and sustainability of graphene materials hold promise for nextgeneration technologies.
Analysis of the Causes and Crisis of Global Warming
Authors: Fang Hanyu
Published: November 2023

The problem of global warming has become more and more serve recently. People around the world start to be affected by the result of this problem. Global warming affects the environment by causing different disasters, taking up the habitat that available to organisms, and making the environment too harsh to support organisms’ survival. Global warming impact human being by reducing the food production and resources so that increases the competition. In addition, the disasters induced by this problem also harm people. In order to come out the solution to fix the problem, it should focus on the causes of global warming. The intensive greenhouse effect is the main cause of the global warming. Moreover, the swelling sun, and resultant stronger solar radiation, and several positive feedback loops also contribute to form the global warming problem. In this case, people came out different solutions from four different aspects: policy, biological, geological, and chemical aspect.
Carboxamide-Accelerated Chemoselective Borylation of Iodoarenes under Photoirradiation
Authors: Sumimoto Michinori , Nishikata Takashi , Nakashima Yusei
Published: November 2023

Borylation of haloarenes is one of the most important methodologies to synthesize borylated arenes. Generally, borylation of haloarenes occurs smoothly at the sterically less hindered para or meta position by the use of a transition metal catalyst or a photoredox catalyst or under basic conditions. This study reports on the ortho-specific and chemoselective borylation of ortho-iodoarene possessing carboxamide under visible-light irradiation. When a haloarene containing both C–I and C–X bonds is employed as a substrate, another C–X bond (not ortho) remains intact during the reaction. Mechanistic studies revealed that the key to the success of this reaction is the generation of a diboron-bridged five-membered ring as a transition state, in which the diboron-bridged five-membered ring and the benzene ring in the transition state are perpendicular to each other, owing to steric repulsion by the iodine atom at the ortho position. This chemoselectivity is suitable for the synthesis of borylated building blocks.
Probabilistic Reasoning in Homeopathy Practice and its Implications for Clinical Research
Authors: Berna Fabrice Sébastien , Bagot Jean-Lionel
Published: November 2023

The principle of similitude put forward by Hahnemann has challenging practical consequences in the selection of the right homeopathic medicine for a patient. According to this principle, only the medicines that best fit the totality of the symptoms of a given patient are supposed to really cure: this greatly depends on the homeopath's clinical analysis. In addition, a patient's illness may be more or less curable, depending on the characteristics of the disease. In their daily practice, homeopaths typically apply Bayesian reasoning to deal with uncertainty associated with both medicine and disease. We suggest that clinical research on homeopathy would gain by integrating this kind of prior estimation of (1) the probability of a given medicine being effective for that particular patient and (2) the probability of the patient's disease (or symptoms) being curable. We therefore suggest that future trials of N-of-1 design may gain (1) by testing a small number of “best candidate” medicines (instead of one) for a given patient facing a given disease, and (2) by including careful prior estimations of the probabilities that (a) each selected medicine will be efficient for that patient and (b) the patient's disease will be reversible with the medicine.
Racial Disparities in Cesarean Delivery Rates: Do Hospital-Level Factors Matter?
Authors: Nicole Teal E. , Baer Rebecca J. , Jelliffe-Pawlowski Laura , Mengesha Biftu
Published: November 2023

Objective This study aimed to assess whether racial disparities in nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex cesarean delivery rates vary among hospitals of different type (academic vs. nonacademic), setting (urban vs. rural), delivery volume, and patient population.

Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study including singleton term vertex live births in nulliparous Black and non-Hispanic White birthing people in California between 2011 and 2017. Cesarean delivery rates were obtained using birth certificate data and International Classification of Diseases, 9th/10th Revision codes. Risk of cesarean delivery was compared among Black versus White birthing people by hospital type (academic, nonacademic), setting (rural, suburban, urban), volume (< 1,200, 1,200–2,300, 2,400–3,599, ≥3,600 deliveries annually), and patient population (proportion Black-serving). Federal Information Processing codes were used to designate hospital setting. Risks were calculated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression and adjusted for birthing person age, body mass index, medical comorbidities, gestational age, labor type (spontaneous vs. induction), and infant birthweight.

Results The sample included 59,441 Black (cesarean delivery rate: 30.2%) and 363,624 White birthing people (cesarean delivery rate: 26.1%). Black birthing people were significantly more likely than White birthing people to have a cesarean delivery across nearly all hospital-level factors considered with adjusted relative risks ranging from 1.1 to 1.3. The only exception was rural settings in which the adjusted relative risk was 1.3 but did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion Black–White disparities in nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex cesarean delivery rates were persistent across all hospital-level factors we considered: academic status, rurality, delivery volume, and patient population. Furthermore, disparities existed at roughly the same magnitude regardless of hospital characteristics. These global increased risks likely reflect structural inequities in care, which contribute to disparities in pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality. These data should encourage providers, hospital systems, and quality collaboratives to further investigate racial disparities in cesarean delivery rates and develop strategies for eliminating them.

Key Points
Factors that affect consumer trust in product quality: a focus on online reviews and shopping platforms
Authors: Sung Eunsuk , Chung Won Young , Lee Daeho
Published: November 2023

The growing popularity of online shopping means that consumers must determine product quality after they make a purchase decision and receive the product, a situation that is directly related to the issue of consumers’ trust toward retailers. This study analyzes the marginal willingness to pay for attributes that influence consumer trust and purchasing decisions regarding products whose quality can only be determined after they are purchased. We select six attributes that influence trust in online shopping: (1) price, (2) number of reviews, (3) “star” rating, (4) review type (i.e., text, picture, and video), (5) length of text reviews, and (6) shopping platform. We conduct a conjoint survey by categorizing brands as famous and nonfamous and analyze the survey data using a multinominal logit model. The results reveal that consumers prefer high star ratings, a large number of reviews, and a trustworthy shopping platform, even if other similar products are less expensive. Additionally, feeling confident about a product’s quality is more difficult for consumers in the case of nonfamous brands, which they have not experienced, compared with famous brands. The findings indicate that when consumers purchase products from nonfamous brands they are willing to pay more for all six attributes. These results can help retailers establish pricing strategies based on the value of trust by considering customer experience.
Probing intermediate-mass black hole binaries
Authors: Lange Katherine De
Published: November 2023

Atom interferometers can observe the intermediate band of gravitational waves needed for the long-sought-after detection of merging intermediate-mass black hole binaries.
Layer-resolved characterization of subsurface of materials usmg ultrafast two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy
Authors: Li Donghai , Luo Yi
Published: November 2023

Surface of matter normally contains sublayers with molecular or electronic structure different from the outmost surface and the bulk, which may play a critical role in surface energy and/or charge transfer processes. Therefore, the development of layer-resolved characterization methods is of great importance for surface science and techniques. Although optical spectroscopy methods are very sensitive to structure, their spatial resolution is often much larger than the inter-layer distance of the sublayers, resulting in the inability to achieve laminar resolution. In this work, we discuss the possibilities of utilizing two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy to distinguish spectral information and energy transfer between different layers, which cannot otherwise be obtained from linear spectroscopy methods owing to lineshape broadening. By theoretical 2D spectral simulations, we investigated two layered systems by numerical simulations, material surface:subsurface:bulk and molecule:surface:subsurface:bulk. The directional energy transfer rates from the bulk to the surface layer owing to the surface-bulk coupling was preset. Due to the fact that the energy transfer between the subsurface and the outermost surface layer is faster than that between the bulk and the outermost surface layer, there will be special time periods during which only the former takes place and gives rise to the distinguishable dynamics of off-diagonal peaks. Our simulation results showed that by analyzing the difference between the projections of the off-diagonal peak, the excitation energy of the surface, subsurface and bulk layers can be determined. Furthermore, for the four-layer system, the off-diagonal peaks can be kept away from the interference of diagonal peaks, providing a better chance for realizing laminar resolution compared with the three-layer system.
Threshold photoelectron spectrum of CF2Cl2 in photon energy range of 13.9–15.1 eV
Authors: Shan Baokun , Yang Xinlang , Yu Tongpo , Chen Yan , Zhang Ning , Zhou Xiaoguo , Liu Shilin
Published: November 2023

Threshold photoelectron spectroscopy of dichlorodifluoromethane (CF2Cl2) has been re-investigated using a combination of photoelectron-photoion coincidence measurement and density functional theory calculations. For the D2B2 band of threshold photoionization spectra in the energy range of 13.9–15.1 eV, a series vibrational peaks were clearly observed. Using the optimized geometries and vibrational frequencies of the CF2Cl2 neutral and its cations in the D2B2 ionic state at the M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory, Franck-Condon factor simulations were carried out, and showed perfect agreement with the experimental spectra. Accordingly, the satisfactory vibrational assignments for the D2B2 band were achieved, and the adiabatic and vertical ionization energies to the D2B2 ionic state were determined as 14.125±0.005 eV and 14.355±0.005 eV, respectively. Moreover, vibrational frequencies of the v1+ and v3+ modes were 1178 cm−1 and 361 cm−1, respectively, as well as the anharmonic parameter for the v3+ mode of 3.42 cm−1.
A vacuum measurement method of liquefied natural gas vacuum pipeline based on the principle of temperature field
Authors: Zeng Qunfeng , Liu Kai , Gao Qi , Li Jihu
Published: November 2023

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) has widely been used as an efficient and clean energy source. However, the storage and transportation of LNG is a big problem that the vacuum degree is difficult to measure in LNG pipeline transportation, especially without the vacuum test port. A measurement method for the vacuum degree of the LNG pipeline based on the second law of thermodynamics (the principle of temperature field) was proposed, and the vacuum degree of the pipeline was measured in this paper. The vacuum degree was obtained as a function of the ambient temperature T0 and the outer wall temperature T1 of the outer tube. The feasibility of this method was verified through test bench and field experiments, and the functional expressions of the outer wall temperature of the outer pipe and pipeline vacuum degree at 22, 24, and 26 °C were combined and verified, which provided a powerful way for measuring LNG pipeline vacuum.
Qualitative analysis of a Filippov wild-sterile mosquito population model with immigration
Authors: Fawzy Doaa M. , Elsaid A. , Zahra W. K. , Arafa Ayman A.
Published: November 2023

Effectively combating mosquito-borne diseases necessitates innovative strategies beyond traditional methods like insecticide spraying and bed nets. Among these strategies, the sterile insect technique (SIT) emerges as a promising approach. Previous studies have utilized ordinary differential equations to simulate the release of sterile mosquitoes, aiming to reduce or eradicate wild mosquito populations. However, these models assume immediate release, leading to escalated costs. Inspired by this, we propose a non-smooth Filippov model that examines the interaction between wild and sterile mosquitoes. In our model, the release of sterile mosquitoes occurs when the population density of wild mosquitoes surpasses a specified threshold. We incorporate a density-dependent birth rate for wild mosquitoes and consider the impact of immigration. This paper unveils the complex dynamics exhibited by the proposed model, encompassing local sliding bifurcation and the presence of bistability, which entails the coexistence of regular equilibria and pseudo-equilibria, as crucial model parameters, including the threshold value, are varied. Moreover, the system exhibits hysteresis phenomena when manipulating the rate of sterile mosquito release. The existence of three types of limit cycles in the Filippov system is ruled out. Our main findings indicate that reducing the threshold value to an appropriate level can enhance the effectiveness of controlling wild insects. This highlights the economic benefits of employing SIT with a threshold policy control to impede the spread of disease-carrying insects while bolstering economic outcomes.
Modeling of shock wave produced by collapse of cavitation bubble using a fully conservative multiphase model
Authors: Nguyen Van-Tu , Phan Thanh-Hoang , Park Warn-Gyu
Published: November 2023

In this study, we extensively validated the applicability of the fully conservative compressible multiphase flow model to simulate the collapse of cavitation bubbles. The mathematical model is fully conservative, which is crucial for accurately modeling the strong shock phenomena induced via bubble collapse. The numerical method accounts for compressibility and mass transfer with phase-change transitions. A high-resolution shock-capturing finite-volume method and an accurate Riemann solver were employed to capture the strong shocks produced by bubble collapse. A grid-resolution study and validation were performed to ensure the convergence and consistency of the numerical method. This study focused on analyzing the shock waves generated during the collapse as well as the dynamics of bubble collapse and rebound. Quantitative comparisons between the simulation results and experimental data as well as the reference results revealed a high level of agreement. The investigation focused on the impact of various factors, including the bubble radius, phase change, and liquid pressure, on the collapse and rebound of the cavitation bubble, as well as the resulting shock waves. These analyses yielded valuable insight into the complex behavior of cavitation bubbles that collapse in a free field.
Regularized weighted sine least-squares spectral analysis for gas electron diffraction data
Authors: Tikhonov Denis S.
Published: November 2023

Here, we present a new approach for obtaining radial distribution functions (RDF) from the electron diffraction data using a regularized weighted sine least-squares spectral analysis. It allows for explicitly transferring the measured experimental uncertainties in the reduced molecular scattering function to the produced RDF. We provide a numerical demonstration, discuss the uncertainties and correlations in the RDFs, and suggest a regularization parameter choice criterion. The approach is also applicable for other diffraction data, e.g., for x-ray or neutron diffraction of liquid samples.
Effect of pressure on slip length of supercritical water flow in graphene nanochannels
Authors: Dong Ming , Xu Jinliang , Wang Yan
Published: November 2023

Flow transport of supercritical fluids (SFs) in nanopores widely occurs in shale and deep geothermal systems. Pressure is an important parameter for describing SFs, but the effect of pressure on the flow and slip behaviors of SFs in nanochannels is unknown. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations of the Poiseuille flow of supercritical water (SCW) in graphene nanochannels are performed by applying a driving force to water molecules between two walls. Fluid pressure is realized by varying water density. The effect of pressure on the slip length under different surface wettability is investigated. The results show that the slip length nonmonotonically varies with the pressure, which is divided into three regions according to the three-regime-model of SFs. For the gas phase and gas-like SCW, the slip length gradually decreases with increasing pressure. For two-phase-like SCW, the slip length increases with pressure. For liquid-like (LL) SCW, the slip length decreases with increasing pressure. The slip length nonmonotonically varies due to the nonlinear variation of the fluid viscosity and interfacial friction with pressure. For LL SCW, the slip length is linearly related to the inverse of the density ratio, and the effect of pressure and wettability on the slip length is evaluated using the density ratio and energy barrier. Furthermore, the relationship between the slip length and pressure is verified for application to a wide range of wettability, different channel heights, and different fluid types and solid wall types. This study deepens the understanding of the microscale flow theory under supercritical conditions.
Effect of Ni substitution on magnetic properties and microwave absorption of the Y2Co17 compounds and composites
Authors: Sheng Yan-Fei , Tu Cheng-Fa , Wu Peng , Yang Sheng-Yu , Ma Yun-Guo , Wang Hao , Wang Ke , Li Fa-Shen , Wang Tao , Qiao Liang , Yang Jin-Bo , Wang Chang-Sheng
Published: November 2023

The rare earth alloy Y2Co17−xNix was prepared by a low-cost co-precipitation reduction-diffusion process, and its crystal structure, static magnetic properties, and microscopic morphology were systematically characterized. The effects of Ni doping with different contents on the electromagnetic parameters and wave absorption properties of Y2Co17−xNix/polyurethane(PU) compounds were researched in the frequency range of 0.1–18 GHz. The results show that the static magnetic properties and wave absorption properties change significantly with Ni doping, and the maximum reflection loss of Y2Co14Ni3/PU reaches −89.7 dB at 2.9 mm thickness, and the maximum reflection loss peaks of Y2Co17/PU and Y2Co16Ni1/PU are at 1.316 and 1.515 GHz, which is at the center frequency of the L-band. With Ni doping, the effective absorption bandwidth of the compounds at a frequency above 3 GHz is greatly increased. The physical factor in the bandwidth calculation was modified, and the effective absorption bandwidth of the material was calculated theoretically, and the error was less than 5% compared with the experimental value.
Acoustic driven circulation around cylindrical obstructions in microchannels
Authors: Miah Md. Abdul Karim , Zeller Peter , Olsen Michael G. , Juárez Jaime J.
Published: November 2023

We introduce an approach to generate direction-controlled circulation around cylindrical obstructions in channels using a piezoelectric transducer embedded porous-channel device fabricated by photolithography. To transmit acoustic signals into the channel, a single piezoelectric transducer was attached, operating at voltage levels of 5, 10, 15, and 20 V. Microscopic particle image velocimetry was employed to analyze the flow patterns in the channels. The analysis revealed two opposing circulation tendencies around the pillars located at two opposite sides of the channel in the longitudinal direction. The strength of circulation was found to be minimal in the middle of the channel and increased gradually toward the two ends of the channels. Furthermore, we observed that the circulation strength was maximum near the axial centerline and minimum at the boundaries along the width of the channels. Comparing the voltage levels, the higher voltage signals produced a higher strength of circulation than the lower voltage signals in all cases. Additionally, we found that the strength of circulation increased almost linearly and then decayed exponentially in the radial direction from the surfaces of the pillars. The observed velocity fields around individual cylinders matched well with the Görtler vortex model. The reported circulation phenomenon around pillars can be applied in non-contact fluid stirring and mixing in bio-chemical systems and lab-on-a-chip systems and may also provide additional degrees of freedom in object tweezing, trapping, and levitation.
Directed recurrence networks
Authors: Delage Rémi , Nakata Toshihiko
Published: November 2023

Complex network approaches have attracted a growing interest in the analysis of nonlinear time series. Among other reconstruction methods, it has been shown that the recurrence plot can be used as the adjacency matrix for recurrence networks, expanding the applications of the already successful recurrence analysis. We study here the potential benefits of a directed formulation of recurrence networks through a simple modification of the recurrence plot. As it is directly related to the recurrence analysis field, this approach takes advantage of the progresses regarding the creation and treatment of the recurrence plot. It appears that directed recurrence networks provide more robust results than their undirected counterpart for transitions detection as well as temporal patterns discovery and clustering. New applications for network cleaning and data modeling are also demonstrated.
High-fidelity state-to-state modeling of hypersonic flow over a double cone
Authors: Wang Xiaoyong , Guo Jinghui , Hong Qizhen , Li Sijia
Published: November 2023

The state-of-the-art high-fidelity state-to-state (StS) model is performed to investigate the hypersonic shock wave/laminar boundary layer interaction over a 25°–55° double cone. This work aims to clarify whether the shortcomings of thermochemical models are the underlying source for the discrepancies between the simulations and experiments. A high-enthalpy nitrogen flow with a Mach number of 11.54 and a unit Reynolds number of 4.394×105/m is considered. We first find that the StS and widely used two-temperature models yield two different shock reflection patterns (i.e., the regular reflection and Mach reflection, respectively). However, the surface pressure and heat flux distributions predicted by the two models are generally consistent, which are not influenced by the differences in the shock patterns, dissociation rates, and non-Boltzmann vibrational distributions in the flowfields. Moreover, the StS model fails to match the experiments in spite of fairly limited improvement. Our findings indicate that the shortcomings of thermochemical models are not the main reason for the discrepancies in the simulations and experiments for the high-enthalpy nitrogen double-cone flow.
Axonal transport of autophagosomes is regulated by dynein activators JIP3/JIP4 and ARF/RAB GTPases
Authors: Cason Sydney E. , Holzbaur Erika L.F.
Published: November 2023

Neuronal autophagosomes form and engulf cargos at presynaptic sites in the axon and are then transported to the soma to recycle their cargo. Autophagic vacuoles (AVs) mature en route via fusion with lysosomes to become degradatively competent organelles; transport is driven by the microtubule motor protein cytoplasmic dynein, with motor activity regulated by a sequential series of adaptors. Using lysate-based single-molecule motility assays and live-cell imaging in primary neurons, we show that JNK-interacting proteins 3 (JIP3) and 4 (JIP4) are activating adaptors for dynein that are regulated on autophagosomes and lysosomes by the small GTPases ARF6 and RAB10. GTP-bound ARF6 promotes formation of the JIP3/4–dynein–dynactin complex. Either knockdown or overexpression of RAB10 stalls transport, suggesting that this GTPase is also required to coordinate the opposing activities of bound dynein and kinesin motors. These findings highlight the complex coordination of motor regulation during organelle transport in neurons.