bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El indígena frente a la ley penal: Una posición desde los Derechos Humanos de los pueblos indígenas
Authors: Zárate Meriles Luis Abel
Published: February 2019

El desarrollo actual de los Derechos Humanos de los pueblos indígenas nos exige repensar las diferentes áreas del derecho para garantizar y efectivizarles un trato digno e igualitario. Ante este escenario, debemos repensar la posición del indígena frente al derecho penal. El presente trabajo busca proponer una posición en construcción sobre el tratamiento del indígena dentro de los estratos analíticos de la teoría del delito. Una posición que tiene en cuenta el actual reconocimiento de los Derechos Humanos de los pueblos indígenas, y ofrece a la dogmática jurídico-penal, una alternativa acorde a la diversidad cultural y respetuosa de los principios que rigen el sistema penal.
Estado del arte sobre la justicia tributaria, debido proceso tributario, procedimiento y pruebas en derecho tributario
Authors: Obando Castiblanco Alex Shamir
Published: February 2019

El artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo identificar, conocer estructurar el estado del arte, la literatura, los trabajos de los temas: 1 - Justicia Tributaria, 2 - Debido Proceso Tributario y 3 - Procedimiento y Pruebas en derecho tributario, para lo cual se realizará mediante un método estratégico de búsqueda de información amplio, así mismo contar información y una base biblio-gráfica, punto de partida de las palabras clave que dan origen al proyecto de investigación. La metodología consiste en realizar consultas de artículos científicos, libros, capítulo de libro, memorias de congresos, conferencias, tesis (doctorado maestría y pregrado), referencias de internet, documentos con carácter científico, académico e investigativo. Se pretende presentar la información obtenida por el rastreo bibliográfico, de manera concreta y detallada.
El test de proporcionalidad: Su uso y aplicación en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional colombiana
Authors: Armenta Ariza Angélica
Published: February 2019

Con la entrada en vigencia de la Constitución Política de 1991, uno de los cambios transcendentales que se produjo, lo constituyó la creación de la Corte Constitucional colombiana, a la cual se le confió la guarda de la integridad y de la supremacía de la Constitución mediante el otorgamiento de la competencia funcional de ejercer el tan complejo control constitucional en un estado; para el ejercicio de dicho control, la Corte Constitucional y ante el nuevo modeloconstitucional dispuesto en la Constitución de 1991, ha acudido a lo que se denomina el neoconstitucionalismo, esto es, a la aplicación de nuevas formas, figuras e instituciones dentro del derecho constitucional que le permitan cumplir esta función dejando de lado el excesivo formalismo que imponía el riguroso modelo positivista y exegético, para acudir a modelos de control mucho más acordes al del Estado Social de Derecho. Dentro del denominado neoconstitucionalismo cabe destacar el uso de los denominados test por parte de los tribunales constitucionales, y para el caso de Colombia, de la Corte Constitucional colombiana. Para el presente caso, el objeto de estudio de la investigación se centra en describir y analizar, la figura del uno de estos, como es, el test de proporcionalidad, así como revisar su uso y metodología por parte de la Corte Constitucional colombiana, tema que resulta de gran importancia nos solo para el derecho constitucional, sino para todo lo que respecta al ordenamiento jurídico colombiano; por cuanto, el test de proporcionalidad viene siendo uno de los métodos hermenéuticos más utilizados por la Corte Constitucional para el ejercicio del control constitucional, abstracto o concreto, en todas las temáticas del derecho, esto es, en lo penal, civil, laboral, familia, tributaria, policivo, disciplinario, etc. Este documento se centra en describir y analizar el test de proporcionalidad y su metodología de aplicación por parte de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional Colombiana, el cual se desarrolla en dos secciones, saber: una primera sección, en la cual se describe el marco conceptual del test de proporcionalidad, su definición y origen, y se realiza una breve referencia al derecho comparado y una segunda sección en la cual se describe el arribo del principio de proporcionalidad en la Corte Constitucional colombiana, así como la metodología del test de proporcionalidad, para finalmente presentar algunas conclusiones del test de proporcionalidad a la luz del uso dado por la Corte Constitucional colombiana al mismo.
Cómo articular los diferentes sistemas del contexto jurídico aplicables a la función pública
Authors: Gonzáles Bermúdez Silvia Elena
Published: February 2019

En este artículo se analiza la posibilidad de articulación entre los diferentes sistemas de la función administrativa pública colombiana, especificados en el contexto jurídico. Tales como: el Sistema de Control Interno, el Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad, el Sistema de Desarrollo Administrativo, el Sistema de Planeación y el Sistema Financiero – Presupuestal. En este análisis se trazaron dos objetivos: incorporar dichos sistemas en el desarrollo de las funciones gerenciales de la teoría administrativa y determinar los aspectos en común que existen entre ellos, los que contribuyan a su complementariedad.
Diseño de una propuesta de incentivos y beneficios que le permita a una mediana empresa prestadora de servicios de tecnología, reducir los índices de ausentismo y rotación de personal
Authors: Ríos González Carolina , Correa Gutiérrez Mayra Alejandra , Vargas Calderón Diego Fernando
Published: February 2019

El presente documento se planteó como propósito el diseño de una propuesta de incentivos y beneficios que le permitan a una mediana empresa prestadora de servicios de tecnología, reducir los índices de ausentismo y rotación de personal. Para llevarlo a cabo se apoyó en la revisión bibliográfica de diferentes teorías acerca de gestión humana, los procesos de gestión humana, compensación, beneficios, incentivos, satisfacción laboral, motivación, generación Millennials. Para dar cumplimiento al objetivo de este trabajo se realizó un estudio de tipo exploratorio, descriptivo, en donde se identificó cómo es el plan de incentivos y beneficios que brinda actualmente la empresa, se identifican las percepciones y expectativas de los colaboradores frente a este tema y se plantea una nueva propuesta.
Marca personal al servicio de la imagen y su aplicabilidad en un artista caso Shakira
Authors: Beltrán Bustos Ángela Teresa , Berna Osorio Gloria Eliana , López León Alejandro
Published: February 2019

El presente trabajo está enfocado en el análisis del tema de la marca personal y se aplica a la cantante Shakira, desde principios de su carrera hasta la actualidad. Esta investigación inicia con un marco teórico en el que se definen conceptos de marca personal, según diversos expertos en la materia, creando un concepto de desarrollo de marca para ofrecerla al servicio de la imagen y para mostrar resultados de la marca Shakira. Posteriormente se aplicó una metodología de investigación basada en el análisis de contenido, se examinaron las fuentes que hablan de Shakira y se elaboró una revisión documental más específica. Finalmente se da lugar a una discusión basada en el comportamiento y las declaraciones de la cantante y se realiza una investigación con herramientas cuantitativas y cualitativas, para hacer un trabajo de campo y así dar un diagnóstico de la marca Shakira que permite conocer la aceptación y los logros de esta marca personal en el concepto de los jóvenes estudiantes de la institución educativa Sena de Cali, entre los 20 y 25 años de edad.
La internacionalización curricular desde las competencias de la responsabilidad social universitaria
Authors: González Castro Yolanda , Manzano Durán Omaira
Published: February 2019

La investigación cualitativa realizada presenta una revisión teórica analítica sobre las competencias en responsabilidad social que son necesarias en un proceso de internacionalización del currículo, para dar respuesta desde la academia a las necesidades globales. El propósito de la investigación fue analizar la importancia de las competencias de responsabilidad social para el cumplimiento de la internacionalización del currículo. Para ello se relacionaron los estudios y teorías de la internacionalización del currículo con las competencias de los líderes globales y socialmente responsables. Los resultados permitieron encontrar que en la internacionalización del currículo, tienen una alta influencia las competencias relacionadas con los compromisos éticos con los grupos de interés, competencias para el desarrollo del pensamiento sistémico, creativo e innovador, así como también sigue en orden de influencia, competencias para el desarrollo de valores como la responsabilidad, la transparencia y la formación integral.
Costos de crecimiento: relación entre libre comercio, expansión industrial e impactos en el medio ambiente
Authors: Noboa Sánchez José
Published: February 2019

A pesar de los esfuerzos de muchas economías en desarrollo para crear el bienestar nacional mediante la atracción de inversores extranjeros, la urbanización de la industria parece un punto en la intención de desarrollar sus economías. Estas deben ser puestas en zonas con baja aglomeración, para atraer a la gente que vive en ciudades altamente pobladas y fomentar nuevos entornos sustentables. El debate actual entre desarrollo y comercio, presenta un reto hacia las economías en crecimiento, promoviendo a los sectores industriales a realizar un acercamiento con los tomadores de decisiones en políticas públicas para la construcción en conjunto, de regulaciones, subsidios y créditos; también anima a las empresas extranjeras a invertir en estos países, mediante la creación de mano de obra en las zonas marginales, donde los servicios públicos e instalaciones apenas se encuentran con la esperanza de elevar su economía y por tanto, sostenible. Las extensas aglomeraciones en las grandes ciudades, elevan los costos para las instituciones gubernamentales locales y nacionales, ya que crea índices en los salarios, los niveles de servicios públicos disminuyen y se generan costes de congestión. Estas son las razones por las que los países fomentan a sectores industriales a trasladarse a las ciudades más pequeñas, con fricciones bajas con el gobierno y en los que la población puede encontrar incentivos a corto y largo plazo, como impuestos bajos, nueva infraestructura con nuevas políticas, para hacer incentivar el crecimiento de la economía. En este documento se explicará, cómo la relación entre el libre comercio afecta a las economías en desarrollo y cómo promueve la ubicación de la industria en las áreas donde las personas deben ser reasignadas para crear bienestar y cómo estas cadenas de acontecimientos crean en el fondo un impacto ambiental.
El deber ser de la regulación contable, una mirada hacia el entorno, del cual se ocupa y al cual debiera enfocarse
Authors: Galindo Cárdenas Saúl Gonzalo
Published: February 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo, es dar a conocer un análisis al marco de la regulación contable - fiscal colombiana, y los aspectos que se ocupa, y al mismo tiempo aquellos que el autor considera debieran tratar. El método utilizado es analítico descriptivo, al tomar aspectos relevantes en el campo normativo de la contabilidad, que son contrastados con el resultado del lenguajeo desarrollado con otros historiadores, tratadistas y autores especializados en el campo de la pedagogía. Se desarrolla esa confrontación, y surgen inquietudes teóricas que el lector podrá sopesar en un lenguaje sencillo, en el que se tocan aspectos de interés social de los cuales se debe ocupar la contabilidad, como un ejercicio obligado, por cuanto las formas de convivencia generan nuevos elementos que deben ser explorados y conocidos, bajo la modalidad de una educación entrelazada en el nuevo paradigma, tema que al igual invita a las instituciones universitarias a re direccionar el programa de Contaduría Pública en sus contenidos programáticos, dando un giro a nuevos saberes producto de la evolución y el destino que se debe dar a una sociedad necesitada de fuentes que solucionen los nuevos conflictos y el estancamiento en que ser dicha ciencia pareciera se encuentra.
Bases para el diseño de un modelo educativo dinamizante e incluyente en Instituciones de Educación Superior
Authors: Salgado Villegas Angélica María , Salgado Villegas Margarita María
Published: February 2019

“Aulas dinámicas e incluyentes” tiene sus orígenes en el pensamiento de los educandos, que ansiosos de nuevos sistemas de aprendizaje, buscan constantemente encontrar en las instituciones educativas, propuestas de generación de conocimiento, que fusionen la lógica con la creatividad, con la práctica mediante procesos activos donde todos se encuentren identificados. Consecuente con lo anterior, se generan estrategias innovadoras, partiendo del análisis del hológrafo social, para encauzar los cuatro operacionales, potencializar el tricerebral, empleando algunas técnicas de PNL y racionalidad compleja que arroje un motivante proceso de construcción de conocimiento desde una perspectiva incluyente.
El Caso Interbolsa: Analizado desde la Problemática Contable
Authors: Cardona Restrepo Lelia Marcela , Varón Gómez María Camila , Arias López Sebastián
Published: February 2019

El artículo presenta las relaciones entre las teorías y conceptos contables, financieros y administrativos en el caso de fraude de la comisionista colombiana de Bolsa de Valores Interbolsa S.A., la cual llegó a su punto límite el primero de noviembre del año 2012. Las relaciones de las instituciones como la revisora fiscal, la DIAN, la Superintendencia Financiera, las certificadoras, las firmas de auditoría y contabilidad, entre otras; encargadas de vigilar y controlar las actividades y transacciones que realizaba Interbolsa S.A., cumplen un papel relevante en la estabilidad de la arquitectura financiera del país y de las empresas, ofreciendo confianza a los terceros externos o lo contrario. La comisionista interbolsa efectuó maniobras que se encontraban al margen de la Ley, con el fin de revelar solvencia y liquidez ficticia a terceros a través de los estados financieros, las instituciones no detectaron o comunicaron a las entidades competentes sobre las anomalías que se estaban evidenciando al interior de la organización. Los referentes históricos como los casos de Enron (Estados Unidos) y la Polar (Chile), son fraudes anteriores al de Interbolsa. En estos se ejecutaron manipulaciones contables semejantes, logrando ser un paralelo para comprender las conductas de Interbolsa y las falencias de las instituciones de control, desde las teorías, tales como: la teoría de agencia,asimetría de la información, contabilidad creativa, burbuja financiera, selección adversa, riesgo moral e independencia mental.
Assessment of size of adenoid-comparison of adenoidal nasopharyngeal ratio and nasal endoscopy in children with chronic adenoiditis
Authors: Hamza Sunaina Binth , V. T. Ranjith
Published: February 2019

Background: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common cause of upper airway obstruction in paediatric patients and can have a significant influence on the health of the child. Children who have hypertrophic adenoids often exhibit nasal obstruction, snoring, sleep apnea, otitis media with effusion and craniofacial abnormalities. The main objective of this study was to know the association between size of adenoids and occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) and to correlate the grades of AH by lateral nasopharyngeal radiograph and nasal endoscope.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study of 100 children who were diagnosed as chronic adenoiditis were studied clinically with relevant investigations. The digital X-ray nasopharynx lateral view and nasal endoscopic results of all the patients were analyzed and graded.Results: Mean Adenoidal-nasopharyngeal ratio for which OME was present was 0.72 which corresponds to X-ray grade 2. It was also found that 80.6% of X-ray grade 3 adenoids had OME and 100% of cases of endoscopic grade 4 adenoids had OME in either or both ears.  36 cases with grade 3 X-rays, 69% were in endoscopic grade 3 and 19.4% cases were shown to have complete choanal obstruction (grade 4).Conclusions: There is significant association between the size of adenoids and OME. The X-ray nasopharynx provides a more convenient method and nasal endoscopy is the gold standard method for determining whether the AH is clinically significant or not.
Evaluation of efficacy of BIORAD D10TM testing system in detection of beta thalassaemia carrier
Authors: Roy Debajyoti Singha , Bhattacharyya Riju , Mukhopadhyay Kaushik , Bandopadhyay Debasis
Published: February 2019

Background: Hemoglobinopathies especially thalassaemia and its interaction with HbE and HbS are significant cause of morbidity and mortality in our country. With no feasible treatment, prevention of cases by carrier detection is the only option for successful reduction of the disease burden. VARIANT hemoglobin testing system BIORAD using principle of cation exchange chromatography has been in use and considered as gold standard for carrier detection. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of a different, cheaper instrument; D10 by the same manufacturer BIORAD for carrier detection in beta thalassaemia.Methods: Patients diagnosed as beta thalassaemia carrier by VARIANT hemoglobin testing system (HbA2 value between 4.0-9.0) were retested using D10 instrument and checked for agreement.Results: There was good correlation between VARIANT and D-10 methods with Intraclass correlation coefficient 0.832 (95% Confidence Interval 0.756-0.884). Bland-Altman analysis showed mean bias of +0.3526 (95% CI -0.3958 to +1.101).Conclusions: Although further study is needed with larger sample size for assessment of sensitivity and specificity of D10 instrument, it is evident from this study that this instrument can be an effective and cheaper alternative of VARIANT hemoglobin testing system.
Comparison of fasting and non-fasting serum lipid profile in healthy population
Authors: Mandle K. S. , Prashant Viplav , Sahu Gopal K.
Published: February 2019

Background: Serum lipids are routinely used for the assessment of cardiovascular risk. The test is usually performed under fasting condition. However, recently non-fasting lipid profile is also measured in certain cases. The present study was intended to estimate the concentration of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and VLDL cholesterol (VLDL-C) in fasting as well as non-fasting blood samples of a group of normal male and female subjects.Methods: The study recruited 50 normal healthy male and female subjects within the age group of 12-48 years. The concentration of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C in serum of these subjects were quantitatively determined using the commercially available kits based on CHOD/POD method.Results: The mean concentration of non-fasting TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C was found to be 141.20 mg/dl, 132.20 mg/dl, 50.39 mg/dl, 64.30 mg/dl, 26.44 mg/dl respectively. On the other hand, the mean concentration of fasting TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C was found to be 112.37 mg/dl, 100.90 mg/dl, 38.59 mg/dl, 53.59 mg/dl and 20.18 mg/dl respectively. The concentration of fasting lipid profile parameters was significantly low from the respective parameters of non-fasting lipid profile.Conclusions: The present study reveals that there was an increase in the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C in non-fasting state compared to the fasting state. Measuring the lipid profile parameters under non-fasting state cannot be usually considered for assessment of cardiovascular risk and for other clinical purposes.
Breast state improvement by using the lymphatic drainage disposable bra pads
Authors: Kryzhanovskii Edvard V. , Yavorsky Alexander B. , Choong Lim Kwong , Abdullah Muslim Liew Bin
Published: February 2019

Background: The health and good esthetic conditions of the breast are important indicators of women’s life quality. One factor that negatively affects this quality is the breast ptosis, associated with the sagging of the mammary glands due to tissue stretching and the loss of tissue and skin elasticity. New tools and methods able to improve the shape and beautiful contour of the breast are highly desirable.Methods: We investigated how the disposable bra pads by BAE International Inc., having the lymphatic drainage effect for the breast, influenced the female breast state. We applied two methods, the ultrasound elasticity imaging and the pattern recognition of the nipples position, to monitor the breast state dynamics in two groups of females, the study and control ones.Results: Preliminary results showed that both the breast elasticity and the pattern of nipple positions improved for females wearing the bra pads as compared to females wearing regular bras without pads (P<0.05 for the difference between the two groups of females).Conclusions: Overall, the bra pads by BAE can be considered as an effective tool encouraging metabolism by improving the flow of blood circulation and lymph in the breast.
Study of hematological parameters in sepsis patients and its prognostic implications
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Gupta Rahul
Published: February 2019

Background: Septic response is a leading contributory factor for morbidity and mortality especially in intensive care settings. The current research aims to study the co-relation of various hematological parameters in sepsis patients with the objective to see their effects in prognosis of sepsis patients.Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 117 patients with sepsis. Various hematological parameters of all the patients were obtained on day of admission (day 1) and seventh day (day 7) using hemogram reports and the difference of their statistical mean and standard deviation was estimated.Results: There was a significant statistical difference in the mean and standard deviation of neutrophil lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR), red cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW SD), Platelet count (PLT) and Platelet crit (PCT) whereas Mean platelet volume (MPV), Platelet distribution width (PDW) and Platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) showed no significant changes on day 1 and day 7 of observation in patients taken for the study.Conclusions: The prognosis of sepsis can be important when we can clinch the hemogram markers early in the period of sepsis and evaluate them according to the etiology of the respective incidences. Targeted approach can be initiated early in the course of hospitalization and may be a specific index of hemogram could be established to further co relate sepsis and its form in particular diseases.
What should be the PSA threshold value? 2.5 or 4 ng/mL?
Authors: Ediz Caner , Cimen Serhan , Akan Serkan , Temel Muhammed Cihan , Yilmaz Omer , Koksal Ozlem
Published: February 2019

Background: In this study, author aimed to detect of threshold value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to distinguish malignant or benign prostatic lesions in PSA evaluation.Methods: A total of 61 patients underwent TRUSBP due to high PSA values (2.5-4 ng/mL) at the clinic between 2012-2017. Digital rectal examinations of all patients were normal. Cases with PSA elevation were divided into groups according to the pathology by benign (group 1) or malign (group 2). Author evaluated the predictive factors with the exception of digital rectal examination findings in two groups.Results: Benign prostate hyperplasia was detected in 35 patients (57.4%) and prostate adenocarcinoma was detected in 26 patients (42.6%). The patient’s age, tPSA, fPSA and PSA density were 62.07 years, 3.55 ng/mL, 0.65 ng/mL and 0.09 ng/ml2 in group 1 and 58.54 years, 3.55 ng/mL, 0.74 ng/mL and 0.10 ng/ml2 in group 2, respectively. Patient’s age was statistically significant between in two groups (p<0.05). Number of received cores and rate of f/tPSA were 12.24-12 and 20.51-18.45% in group 1 and 2, respectively. tPSA, fPSA and PSA density, number of received cores and rate of f/tPSA were similar in both groups. In group 2, prostate adenocarcinoma was most common detected with Gleason score 3+3 in 19 of 26 patients (73.1%).Conclusions: There is a need different assessment to distinguish of malignant lesions from benign lesions. Nowadays, it was impossible to make this difference in patients without digital rectal examination findings, so accepted threshold of PSA should be 2.5 ng/mL.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of medical students about self-medication for acne
Authors: Talanikar Hemant V. , Upadhye Jayshree J.
Published: February 2019

Background: Acne is most prevalent in adolescent girls. Self-medication for acne is most common in medical students. This study was done to evaluate the knowledge, reason, perception and pattern of self-medication for acne among undergraduate medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study included medical students of the second phase and final phase (part I and part II). A pretested questionnaire was given to them which included questions on knowledge, attitude and practice about self-medication for acne.Results: In present study, out of 200 girls, 142 (71%) girls were affected with acne while 58 (29%) were not affected by acne. A112 (56%) girls were using allopathic medicines, 32 (16%) girls were using homeopathic medicines, 28 (14%) girls were using ayurvedic medicines while 28 (14%) girls were using other non-specific things. clindamycin was used by 104 (52%) girls, adapalene + benzoyl peroxide gel was used by 26 (13%) girls, clindamycin + nicotinamide gel was used by 12 (6%) girls, toothpaste was used by 42 (24%) girls while Aloe vera gel was used by 76 (38%) of girls. The reason for self-medication was mild nature of illness in 130 (65%)  of girls, 96 (48%) girls did it to save the time, over the counter availability of medicines was the cause in 88 (44%) of girls, getting medicines from their previous prescription was seen in 52 (26%) of girls, 64 (32%) of girls did it to save the cost of consultation, 44 (22%) did it after getting knowledge from pharmacology book while 30 (15%) of girls felt embarrassed to tell their own symptoms.Conclusions: Self-medication for acne is quite high among medical students. Self-medication is part of self-care so it should be encouraged for minor illness. But should be based on thorough knowledge and restricted to over the counter drugs.
Russel’s score and diabetes mellitus type 2 “finding the association”: a cross sectional study from one of the districts in Bihar, India
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Rana Rishabh Kumar , Kumar Vivek , . Rohit , Sinha Pramod Kumar
Published: February 2019

Background: Diabetes has been on the rise since last decade or so with prevalence rate changing as more research is being done. India is one of the most burdened country from diabetes specially type 2. With changing life style other diseases are also on the rise and evidence is being generated to find tangible association. One such disease is periodontitis. As evidence from the State of Bihar for association between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus is negligible this study was conducted to find the same.Methods: A cross sectional observational study in community settings was done for three months on 200 diabetic willing participants. Data was generated using a semi structured pretested questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0 and statistical measures of central tendency like mean, mode, median and standard deviation were used.  For establishing association chi square tests were used. P values<0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.Results: 61.5% of the participants were male while 65.5% were from rural area. The study population was on an average on the older side with a mean age of 52±12.15 and on the bulky size with a BMI of 28.85±4.08. Authors got the average Russel’s score to be 1.1±1.79. The mean blood sugar level for fasting was 146.40±59.99 and post prandial levels was 211.59±82.49. A Russel score category of established periodontal disease and terminal disease was present in 77.5% of participants having an altered fasting blood sugar level. Majority of the males had established periodontal disease and terminal disease. Patients with elevated postprandial blood sugar levels had more established periodontal disease and terminal disease.Conclusions: Oral health is definitely associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 and its other factors like duration, glycaemic control, blood sugar levels etc. Public awareness regarding this is minimal. More research and awareness regarding this will help in keeping the diabetic population healthy.
Study the usefulness of cartridge based nuclear acid amplification test in bronchoalveolar lavage samples in the diagnosis of smear-negative/non sputum producing patients with suspected tuberculosis
Authors: Kumar K. Raj , Reddy Sony , Vamsi Raghu
Published: February 2019

Background: The aim of study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of the CBNAAT in BAL samples of smear negative for AFB or who could not produce an expectorated sputum sample.Methods: A prospective and observational study of in patient and out patient department in Department of Pulmonary Medicine of Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Karimnagar during the period November 2017 to November 2018.Results: Bronchoalveolar lavage cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test in bronchoalveolar lavage was done for 60 samples of patients who were having history and chest x-ray suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis with sputum AFB negative. Out of these sputum negative samples 25 were BAL CBNAAT positive and rest were negative.Conclusions: CBNAAT adds significantly to the diagnostic yield of PTB in comparison to sputum smear microscopy. It has additional advantage of identifying rifampicin resistance with high sensitivity and specificity.
Insomnia among medical students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shakeel Hassan Abdullah , Maqsood Hamza , Ishaq Asher , Ali Basit , Hussain Humza , Khan Ali Raza , Shah Syed Asfand Yar
Published: February 2019

Background: Insomnia, the most common sleep disorder, is the perception or complaint of inadequate or poor-quality sleep because of one or more of the following conditions: difficulty in falling asleep, frequent waking up during the night with difficulty for returning to sleep, waking up too early in the morning, or unrefreshing sleep. It is the most common sleep related complaint reported in the primary care setting. Medical students are specially at risk of developing insomnia and its consequences. This study evaluates the prevalence and severity of insomnia in medical students in relation to certain socio-demographic factors like age, sex and class of education.Methods: A questionnaire based study was done on 135 medical students of Nishtar Medical University, Multan chosen on basis of random sampling to test the prevalence of insomnia using Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Out of these students 75 were males and 60 were females. Students were interviewed to obtain information about age, sex and academic year of education.Results: According to Athens insomniac scale scoring, 55 (40.74%) students were found insomniac while 80 (59.25%) were non-insomniac. Out of 55 insomniac students, 23 (41.81%) were males while 32 (58.18%) were females. Likewise, out of 80 non-insomniac students, 52 (65%) were males while 28 (35%) were females. The prevalence of insomnia in medical students was found to be increased with the increasing age. It was found that the females have more insomnia prevalence as well as more severe signs and symptoms of insomnia. Moreover, final year students tend to show more prevalence and severity of insomnia than their juniors.Conclusions: According to this study, 2 out of every 5 students were insomniac. Demographic comparison showed that the prevalence and severity of insomnia was more in females and final year students. Also, it was increasing side by side with increasing age.
Association of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) level with working memory on type-2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetic patients
Authors: Sastrawan Muhammad Gandhi , Sjahrir Hasan , Iqbal Kiki Mohammad
Published: February 2019

Background: Deleterious effects of diabetic glucose levels on brain structure, have been reported in many studies. Moreover, prediabetic and type-2 diabetes mellitus are associated with lower cognitive function. Author aimed to discover the association of blood glucose and working memory on type 2 diabetic and prediabetic patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional study there are two groups (diabetic and prediabetic) consist of 30 patients each (men 31, women 29). Mean age 40.233±7.862. Blood glucose was measured with HbA1c. All patients were tested with MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination), forward digit span, and backward digit span.Results: There was no difference between diabetic and prediabetic group in MMSE (p 1.000). In diabetic group, mean LDSF (Longest Digit Span Forward) was 5.700±0.877 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSF (r -0.604). In prediabetic group, mean LDSF was 6.233±0.858 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSF (r -0.565). There was significant difference between those groups in LDSF (p 0.041). In diabetic group mean LDSB (Longest Digit Span Backward) was 3.767±0.817 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSB (r -0.545). In prediabetic group, mean LDSB was 4.300±0.750 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSB (r -0.575). There was significant difference between those groups in LDSB (p 0.024).Conclusions: Results indicated that there was significant difference between diabetic and prediabetic patient in working memory test although there was no difference in general cognitive function.
Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology of gall bladder mass and mural thickening: a radio-pathological correlation
Authors: Barman Geetanjali , Bujarbaruah Kabita , Choudhury Binoy Kumar , Ahmed Shiraj , Sharma Jagannath Dev , Kataki Amal Chandra
Published: February 2019

Background: Carcinoma of the gall bladder (GB) is the commonest malignancy of the biliary tract. Ultrasound (US) guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) plays a major role in early detection of malignancy in a suspicious GB lesion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and diagnostic accuracy of US guided FNAC in detection of GB malignancy, to find the association of gall stones with GB malignancy, to study the ultrasound pattern of GB malignant mass and demographic profile of the disease in North eastern India.Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively in Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati from January 2016 to December 2017. A total number of 173 patients suspected to have GB malignancy were subjected to US guided FNAC.Results: Total 161 patients were positive for malignancy with significant female majority. There were 124 female (77.02%) and 37 males (22.98%) in the range of 29 to 82 years. Male female ratio was 1:3.5. One was diagnosed as xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and another was chronic cholecystitis. FNAC remained inconclusive in 2 patients. There was no major procedure related complication. Adenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy found in 146 patients (98.68%). Cholelithiasis was associated in 88.19% of malignant lesions.Conclusions: US-guided FNAC is a safe, highly accurate and reliable procedure for early detection of GB malignancy.
Effect of allethrin exposure on the expression of YBX2 and JHDM2A genes in spermatogenesis of male rats (Rattus novergicus) strain wistar
Authors: Handayani Putri , Rasyid Rosfita , Ali Hirowati
Published: February 2019

Background: YBX2 and JHDM2A gene is important in spermatogenesis which acts as biomarkers of infertility. Allethrin chemicals widely used in mosquito and potentially toxic drugs that can damage DNA. The purpose of this study was to decide the effect of allethrin on decreasing YBX2 and JHDM2A gene expression on spermatogenesis of male white mice.Methods: This research is an experimental post-test randomized control group design. Twenty-eight rats were given exposure according to the experimental group is K (control), P1 (exposure 4hours), P2 (exposure 8hours), and P3 (exposure 12hours) for 30 days. Examination of YBX2 and JHDM2A gene expression from testicular tissue using real-time PCR with a relatively quantitative calculation method. Research implementation at Animal House and Biomedical Laboratory. Data analysis using one way ANOVA with a significant level of p<0.05.Results: The results of this study were found mean differences amount of YBX2 and JHDM2A gene expression. The mean expression of the control group YBX2 gene is 1.1376, P1: 0.8976, P2: 0.5504, and P3: 0.4512. While in JHDM2A gene control group was 1.7033, P1: 1,7025, P2: 0.6863, and P3: 0.4077. Results of statistical tests using one-way ANOVA is YBX2 (p = 0.010) and JHDM2A (p = 0.000).Conclusions: Based on the results of this study it was concluded that there was an allethrin effect on the decrease in YBX2 and JHDM2A gene expression in the Wistar Albino Rattus novergicus strain.
Beyond professional identity formation: from “is” to “am”
Authors: Khilnani Gurudas , Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Thaddanee Rekha
Published: February 2019

Not Applicable
Crafting a DIY Campervan and Crafting Embodied, Gendered Identity Performances in a Hyper-masculine Environment
Authors: Stanley Phiona
Published: February 2019

This paper presents a multi-media textual collage that shows rather than tells the lived experiences of my conversion of a DIY campervan over several months in a diesel mechanic workshop in Sydney, Australia. This is a “small culture,” (Holliday, 1999) to which I gained limited access as I developed craft skills and the confidence to speak back to relative, milieu-specific, gendered power. I use autoethnographic textual fragments written shortly after the moment to depict the struggle to acquire skills, build confidence, and cross “small” cultures in an unusual crafting context. Grounded theoretical insights are suggested as they relate to three things. First, I examine the nature of individual, self-directed learning as engendered by the non-expert, hands-on doing of craft supported by YouTube instructional videos. Second, I consider positive and negative affective identity factors, particularly feelings of competence or incompetence and challenges to my own (female, middle-aged, injured, and non-expert) embodiment. Third, I consider the collaborative, discursive ways in which hegemonic and non-hegemonic masculinities were talked into being as contingent, relational identities against the foil of a constructed “other.”
Patterns Repeat: Transformation Through Creativity in Research about Land and Colonialism
Authors: McKeon Margaret
Published: February 2019

Within arts-based research, creativity becomes methodology. The art-work created may or may not participate in disrupting and renewing our world, may or may not bear its own heart beat. In this reflective and lyrical paper, I explore, in form and content, sacredness in the creative process and its potential for creating transformative works capable of disrupting deep patterns of colonial violence and loss. Sitting with a research question of what it means to “listen” to the land, I story experiences within and outside doctoral studies in which I grow and learn through Western, Indigenous and my ancestral Irish-Celtic teachings.
The Pianist’s Perception as a Working and Research Method: Encountering Intertextual and Phenomenological Approaches in Piano Playing
Authors: Sumelius-Lindblom Eveliina
Published: February 2019

The approach to my research topic “French Modernism in the 1920s” is to observe and analyze the methods I use as a pianist in dealing with multilayered artistic questions related to the French neoclassical repertoire, in particular, questions of intertextuality. Divergent performer-based approaches are needed because the musical aesthetics of this repertoire crucially deviates from German and earlier French traditions, and in musicological contexts, their intellectually challenging aesthetic purposes are somewhat misunderstood. My research aims are condensed into a single question: “What are the main characteristics of the pianist’s way of perceiving music in the context of French neoclassical piano music and its intertextuality.” This question formulates a thought experiment in which the aim is to observe the inherently analytical properties of piano playing, which I have named “the pianist’s perception,” based on Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s theories in Phenomenology of Perception (1945/2014).
Unplugged Craftivism: A Story of Humans and Environmental Education
Authors: MacEachren Zabe
Published: February 2019

This is a written account of a keynote presentation given at the Council of Outdoor Educators of Ontario, annual conference in Canada. The conference themes included revival of the hand-made and Folk Schools. This article outlines the dramatic effects and hand-made props used to present an “unplugged” presentation that was simultaneously humourous and educational. The presentation began by drawing upon research from the field of anthropology that links the historical development of the brain with early flint-knapping skills. Following the introduction a rationale for understanding the importance of fibre and edge technology was conveyed. An exploration of hand skills was further explored by examining some materials and the design aspects involved in making clothing. The later part of the article describes the child developmental ideas that correspond with Waldorf Handwork programs and outlines the origin of two of North America’s largest Folk Schools. Short narrations occur throughout the paper and are used to emphasize the way making things with our hands link human’s environmental survival to human development and education. The paper concludes with three short stories that emphasize the importance of using our hands in conjunction with our minds to make the stuff of life we need to live.
Crafting Living Inquiry with a Quilt of Children’s Images
Authors: Peterken Corinna
Published: February 2019

Embodied encounters in and with crafting as method led to knowing with making in this research. A crafted bricolage of photographs from young children (aged 15 months to 5 years) was created at their early childhood centre. The children’s photographs became material for further thinking as they were transferred to fabric and combined into a quilt that was tie quilted by children and the researcher as artist/researcher/teachers (Springgay, Irwin, Leggo, & Gouzouasis, 2008). Our craft processes in quilt making initiated ongoing integrated art-making, teaching/learning, and conversations with and without words. Much research in early childhood has a focus on the child, but what do children focus on, and how might they be more than participants? Rich experiences throughout the co-creation of the quilt as a living inquiry provided spaces for learning and knowledge making. Craft as research and a piece of art to display for the learning community provoked questions and opened understandings about and with young children, their preferences, and their capacity as co-researchers.
Interweaving Contemporary Art and “Traditional” Crafts in Ethnographic Research
Authors: Konstantinou Katerina , Anagnostopoulos Aris
Published: February 2019

This article presents a fieldwork collaboration between contemporary art, “traditional” craft, and ethnographic research in which community engagement plays a key role. Two decades after the abandonment of weaving in a depopulated mountainous village of Crete, Greece, a group of researchers invite an artist to turn the village’s old school into a weaving studio. Aiming at the active participation of the local community in weaving heritage interpretation, and the interdisciplinary collaboration of art and anthropology, the weaving studio experience provides a fertile ground for discussing the relationships between disciplines, the difficulties of crossing the boundaries of these disciplines and the challenges of community participation in managing knowledge production. Here we discuss our experience working with an artist in a project between art and research, including various observations, different approaches, and challenges.
Stitchery Me, Stitchery Do
Authors: Brien Julie
Published: February 2019

While seeking to understand teachers’ philosophy on culturally responsive practice in the classroom, I used quilt-making to physically manifest my own story and those of my participants as method in an autoethnographic project.  The craft of quilt-making became a metaphor for my past, yet spoke so much of my present and my future and provided something tangible with which we could all connect.  Through the crafting and construction of the quilt I was able to explore and connect my experiences with those of my participants, our beliefs and personal philosophies of being Pākehā̄ (descendant of settler ancestors) teachers in secondary classrooms.  The craft and autoethnography were in response to the project yet they speak louder than the project itself.
Entanglements Across Time-Space: An Ekphrastic Poetic Response to "Craft, Relational Aesthetics and Ethics of Care" by Belinda MacGill
Authors: Reilly Rosemary C.
Published: February 2019

Following the protocol set out by Fetaui Iosefo (2019, this issue), I sought Belinda’s permission to write an ekphrastic poetic response to her art assemblages since, as Iosefo frames it, “if there was no ethical consent and processing … we would be no different from the colonizers” – just one more shell in my bucket. Like Fetaui, I too am responding to more than just the visuals. The essence of Belinda’s work calls me to the past and allows me to come to a different and broader understanding of my childhood experience, while also functioning as a creative trigger – hallmarks of ekphrastic poetry (Faulkner, 2009). It is only after I received Belinda’s enthusiastic response that I submitted this poetic response.
Evaluation of VEGF gene expression levels and induction of apoptosis in crocin-treated MCF-7 breast cancer cells
Authors: سراوانی رویا , سرگزی سامان , ربانی محبوبه , سراوانی رامین
Published: February 2019

مقدمه: هدف گیری فاکتور رشد اندوتلیالی عروقی VEGF)) به عنوان یک هدف درمانی در تومور های جامد و به خصوص سرطان پستان می باشد. به دلیل عدم ایجاد عوارض جانبی در سلول های سالم، استفاده از داروهای حاوی ترکیبات طبیعی در درمان سرطان در حال افزایش می باشد. کروسین به عنوان ماده موثر زعفران نشان داده که اثرات بیولوژیکی مختلفی در انواع بدخیمی ها دارد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر کروسین بر مهار رشد، القاء آپوپتوز و الگوی بیان ژن VEGF در رده سلول سرطان پستان MCF-7 می باشد .
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه مداخله ای، اثر کروسین در القاء مرگ سلولی در غلظت های مختلف از 0 تا 8 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر در زمان های 24 تا 48 ساعت به کمک تست رنگ سنجی MTT انجام شد. رنگ آمیزی  Annexin V/PI و متود realtime-PCR به ترتیب برای بررسی نوع مرگ سلولی و ارزیابی الگوی بیان ژن VEGF به کار گرفته شد. به منظور تجزيه و تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS V.16 و آزمون غیر پارامتریک ANOVA استفاده شد و مقادیر 05/0p<  معني دار در نظر گرفته شد.
نتایج: سلول های MCF-7 تیمار شده با کروسین در مقایسه با گروه کنترل کاهش معنی‌داری در رشد و تکثیر در زمان 24 و 48 ساعت دریک روند وابسته به دوز و زمان نشان دادند. خروجی دستگاه فلوسایتومتری نشان از افزایش درصد سلول‌های آپوپتوتیک مطابق با افزایش غلظت کروسین داشت. هم چنین کاهش بیان ژن VEGF در یک الگوی وابسته به زمان در سلول‌های تیمار شده مشاهده شد (05/0p< ).
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که کروسین باعث القاء آپوپتوز وابسته به زمان و در عین حال کاهش بیان ژن VEGF در سلول‌های MCF-7 می‌شود. مطالعات بیشتری برای پی بردن به کارایی قطعی کروسین به عنوان یک داروی ضد سرطان در درمان سرطان پستان ضروری می‌باشد.
Factors related to uncontrolled diabetes in Bushehr, Iran, 2017-18
Authors: محمدی سودابه , امیری محمد , مرزبان علیرضا
Published: February 2019

بیماری دیابت ملیتوس یکی از مهم ترین چالش های بهداشتی درمانی محسوب می شود. شکاف ها و تناقض هایی در نتایج مطالعات وجود در زمینه عوامل دخیل در عدم کنترل دیابت دیده می شود. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین عوامل مختلف موثر بر عدم کنترل دیابت انجام شد.