bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estigma e adesão ao tratamento em mulheres que vivem com HIV
Authors: Furtado de Barros Sílvia , Moreno Ana Laura Pereira , Pereira Beatriz Silva , Seidl Eliane Maria Fleury
Published: November 2024

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar, mediante revisão sistemática da literatura, associações entre estigma experienciado por mulheres que vivem com HIV e adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral. Foi realizado um levantamento da literatura nas bases de dados Scopus, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e PsychInfo para a busca de artigos revisados por pares, publicados em inglês ou português, no período de 2018 a 2022. Os descritores utilizados foram: HIV OR AIDS AND women OR woman AND stigma OR prejudice OR discrimination AND adherence, e os correspondentes em língua portuguesa. Foram identificados 179 artigos, dos quais 35 atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados mostraram que o estigma relacionado ao HIV tem vários impactos na vida de mulheres soropositivas, afetando a saúde mental, qualidade de vida e, consequentemente, a adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral. A realização de aconselhamento e de práticas de educação em saúde, além do vínculo profissional-paciente, são aspectos que minimizam os efeitos do estigma sobre a adesão ao tratamento. Além disso, questões relacionadas à gestação e puerpério, apoio social, espiritualidade, violência e vulnerabilidade social devem ser consideradas para promover uma melhor adesão ao tratamento.
Urgência subjetiva na UTI da Santa Casa de BH
Authors: Reis Machado Lucas , Chamon Andréa Regina Marques , Oliveira Cristina Barbosa
Published: November 2024

O ambiente hospitalar é composto por profissionais de diferentes áreas e especialidades, de modo que há uma variedade de nomeações para as formas de atuação em equipe, destacando-se as seguintes: multidisciplinar, interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar. Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar a percepção de profissionais intensivistas da equipe multidisciplinar de uma UTI da Santa Casa, acerca da urgência subjetiva de pacientes e familiares neste contexto. Para tal, foi utilizado como metodologia a revisão crítica da literatura articulada à Análise de Conteúdo dos dados coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. A Urgência Subjetiva é caracterizada por uma situação traumática vivenciada pelo sujeito que se encontra na instituição hospitalar ou que é conduzido até esse ambiente, tais como: incorrências corporais dolorosas, disfunções orgânicas nos sistemas cardiovascular, cerebral ou respiratório, patologias psicossomáticas, atos de violência, tentativas de autoextermínio, acidentes de trânsito, doméstico e outros. Conclui-se pontuando a relevância de que as ações e intervenções no âmbito da saúde pública sejam articuladas com base em diferentes saberes, considerando a integralidade, princípio doutrinário do SUS.
O bebê que nunca foi para casa
Authors: Teixeira Sciotti Luísa , Richard Carias Antonio
Published: November 2024

O óbito neonatal altera a ordem das perdas socialmente pressupostas, facilitando intensa vulnerabilidade emocional para as mães. A rotina em UTI Neonatal frequentemente impacta na construção do vínculo afetivo entre mãe e bebê, especialmente quando a convivência ocorreu exclusivamente neste ambiente antes do óbito do recém-nascido. Diante disso, o presente estudo objetivou compreender a experiência emocional de mães diante da morte do bebê recém-nascido em UTI Neonatal. Para alcançar essa proposta foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter experiencial e interpretativo. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e aplicado questionário sociodemográfico/obstétrico com cinco mães que narraram suas vivências sobre o adoecimento e falecimento do recém-nascido. As entrevistas foram gravadas e depois transcritas na íntegra para análise dos dados. Os resultados foram examinados por meio da análise temática, o que resultou na elaboração de cinco categorias que desvelam as percepções dessas mulheres sobre o óbito neonatal. Cada categoria contém significados sobre o percurso da experiência dessas mulheres, assim como características do sofrimento vivido. Esperamos que o presente estudo contribua no cuidado multiprofissional das mães que apenas conviveram com os seus bebês na UTI de um hospital.
Bigger pictures. Die Frage der Verantwortung in der Social-Media-Kriegskommunikation
Authors: Wiedel Fabian
Published: November 2024

Social media content that is not politically, militarily or journalistically labeled is rapidly gaining importance in communication about wars. Emotional live images from war zones play a fundamental role for reconnaissance by intelligence services and for the formation of public opinion. From an image ethics perspective, the question arises as to who is able to check the authenticity, factual accuracy and appropriateness of the mass of posts. This essay argues, with reference to the concept of audience ethics, that users themselves should bear this responsibility. This is because they possess the necessary personal resources, can react quickly to new posts and, as prosumers in a sensitive discourse landscape, are familiar with the ethical quality standards in digital media production.
Kennzeichnungspflicht im Journalismus? Zum Trennungsgrundsatz anhand der Spruchpraxis des Österreichischen Presserats
Authors: Paulitsch Luis
Published: November 2024

Die Trennung unterschiedlicher journalistischer Darstellungen gilt als wesentliche Voraussetzung für die Glaubwürdigkeit von Medien. Im Ehrenkodex für die österreichische Presse wird der Trennungsgrundsatz in Punkt 3 geregelt („Unterscheidbarkeit“). Obwohl der Österreichische Presserat hier regelmäßig Verstöße feststellt, ist seine einschlägige Spruchpraxis wenig erforscht. Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht sämtliche Entscheidungen zu Punkt 3 seit der Neugründung des österreichischen Selbstkontrollorgans im Jahr 2010. Die Dokumente werden mittels strukturierender Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Die Studie zeigt, dass eine durchaus kohärente Spruchpraxis etabliert wurde, die allerdings im Kontext der aktuellen Entwicklungen an vielen Stellen Nachholbedarf aufweist.
Brauchen wir ein neues Modell der Subsidiarität?
Authors: Klenk Tanja , Einhaus Maximilian
Published: November 2024

Die Freie Wohlfahrtspflege ist Teil der sozialen Daseinsvorsorge und des gesellschaftlichen Krisenmanagements. Als sozialer Dienstleister, Vertreter schwächerer Interessen und politischer Mitgestalter ist sie mehr als nur Auftragnehmer des Sozialstaats – sie ist auch gesellschaftlicher Gestaltungsakteur. Seit den 1990er Jahren wird die soziale Dienstleistungserbringung in Quasi-Märkten organisiert; die Kontraktsteuerung zielt darauf ab, Effizienz, Angebotsvielfalt und Qualität zu sichern sowie Transparenz bei Preisen und Leistungen herzustellen. Im Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer standardisierten Befragung von Sozialwirtschaftsunternehmen und Experteninterviews mit Geschäftsführern und Kommunalvertretern dargestellt, mit der untersucht wurde, wie freigemeinnützige Leistungserbringer die an sie gestellten Anforderungen wahrnehmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass angesichts von Fachkräftemangel und gesellschaftlicher Polykrise die Steuerungsformen an ihre Grenzen stoßen: Unkoordinierte Prüfmechanismen, ineffektive Abfragen, fehlende Digitalisierung und eine Misstrauenskultur binden knappe Personalressourcen – sowohl bei den Leistungserbringern als auch in der Sozialverwaltung.
Nutzerfreundlicher Gemeindehaushalt
Authors: Kruijf Johan de , Lorson Peter C. , Haustein Ellen
Published: November 2024

Kommunale Haushaltspläne in Deutschland sind durch hohen Umfang, De taillierungsgrad und Fachsprache gekennzeichnet. Dies bildet insbesondere für die Gemeindevertretung große Hürden, um den Haushaltsplan zu verstehen und hieraus entscheidungsrelevante Informationen gewinnen zu können. Dieser Aufsatz wendet sich der Frage zu, wie kommunale Haushaltspläne nutzerfreundlicher gestaltet werden können. Aufbauend auf deren Analyse in sechs großen Städten in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern und Interviews mit den dortigen Kämmereien werden zentrale Problembereiche identifiziert und Vorschläge für eine Umgestaltung des Haushaltsplans unterbreitet. Im Kern geht es um eine Verdichtung des Berichts und eine Umgestaltung des Vorberichts, um die Funktion des Haushaltsplans als Entscheidungsunterstützungsinstrument zu stärken.
Bürokratie und Bürger in Franz Kafkas „Das Schloss“
Authors: Meyer Dennis , Pippke Wolfgang
Published: November 2024

Der 100. Todestag von Franz Kafka, einem der bedeutendsten Schriftsteller deutscher Sprache, ist eine Gelegenheit, sein Werk unter bürokratietheoretischen Gesichtspunkten zu betrachten. Am Beispiel seines Romans „Das Schloss“ soll untersucht werden, wie Kafka das Verhältnis einer Bürokratie zur Bevölkerung beschreibt, welche Erfahrungen er hier reflektiert (seine eigenen als Beamter einer Versicherungsgesellschaft und/oder die seiner Zeit) und inwiefern seine Schilderungen des Umgangs einer Behörde mit den Bürgern auch heute noch zu beobachten sind.
Auftraggeberhaftung in der Lieferkette
Authors: Aufleger Carolin
Published: November 2024

This work examines the tort liability of globally active companies for human rights violations committed by their suppliers or subsidiaries along their global supply chains. The first part of the work adresses the question of whether, de lege lata, the Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in Supply Chains (LkSG), which came into force on January 1, 2023, could serve as a basis for claims for damages under § 823 of the German Civil Code (BGB), despite the liability exclusion regulated in § 3 para. 3 sentence 1 LkSG. The second part of the thesis examines the key liability hurdles under Art. 29 CSDDD, ranging from its applicability under international private law to its procedural enforcement.
Identifying and Ranking Metaverse Marketing Opportunities for Health Tourism in Iranian Military and Non-military Hospitals
Authors: Rostami Mohammad Reza , Babakhanian Fatemeh
Published: November 2024

Background: Health tourism holds significant potential for Iran due to its advanced medical capabilities, yet its market share remains limited. The metaverse offers a novel digital platform to enhance marketing efforts. Objectives: This study aims to identify and rank marketing opportunities in Iran's health tourism industry using metaverse technology. Methods: Conducted in 2024, this research employed a mixed-methods approach. The qualitative phase involved semi-structured interviews with experts in technology and health tourism marketing, analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's content analysis method. Purposeful and snowball sampling methods were used to ensure diverse expert perspectives. In the quantitative phase, Shannon entropy was used to prioritize the identified opportunities. Results: Analysis of 11 interviews revealed 215 open codes, categorized into three main groups: Opportunities related to health tourism businesses (66 codes), health tourists (82 codes), and health tourism service providers (71 codes). Subcategories included social, cultural, economic, environmental, and infrastructure factors. Shannon entropy prioritization highlighted the most significant opportunities related to health tourism service providers, followed by businesses and tourists. Conclusions: Metaverse technology presents unique marketing opportunities in the health tourism sector. It facilitates better interaction between service providers and patients, enabling virtual consultations and hospital tours. Implementing this technology could enhance Iran's competitive edge in health tourism marketing. Future research should focus on the practical applications of metaverse technology in this field.
Tri priloga katalogu radionice Paola Campse
Authors: Ciković Danijel
Published: November 2024

U članku se analiziraju tri vrlo vješto modelirane, no dosad slabije poznate drvene i polikromirane renesansne skulpture. Riječ je o raspelu u krčkoj katedrali, skulpturi koja prikazuje Gospu od Bezgrješnog začeća u patrijarhalnoj bazilici u Akvileji i kipu sv. Ivana Evanđelista u franjevačkoj crkvi Gospe od Anđela u Podgorju iznad Orebića. Na osnovi niza stilsko-morfoloških podudarnosti skulpture se pripisuju majstorima iz radionice Paola Campse, a sve upućuje na to da su izvedene tijekom trećeg ili četvrtog desetljeća 16. stoljeća. Niti jedna od triju skulptura danas se ne nalazi u svom izvornom kontekstu, no bez obzira na to, one još jednom svjedoče o prepoznatljivosti, popularnosti i rasprostranjenosti djela vjerojatno najproduktivnije venecijanske drvorezbarske radionice prve polovice 16. stoljeća duž cijelog Jadrana.
Bombardiranja Pule tijekom Prvoga svjetskog rata i austrougarsko mornaričko zrakoplovstvo u Puli
Authors: Dukovski Vedran
Published: November 2024

Rad prikazuje razvoj, ustroj, vojno djelovanje, ali i posljedice koje su u nekim slu- čajevima bile odmazda za djelovanje austrougarskoga mornaričkog zrakoplovstva u Puli. Osim toga prikazuje i poteškoće na koje su naišli pioniri austrougarskog mornaričkog zrakoplovstva, poput zapovjednika austrougarske ratne mornarice, admirala, grofa Rudolfa Montecuccolija, dipl. ing. i konstruktora zrakoplova Josefa Mickla i Viktora Klobučara Rukavine de Bunića, prvoga zapovjednika Pokusne mornaričke zrakoplovne postrojbe i postaje, ali ponajviše pilota koji su letjeli u tim zrakoplovima i koji su nerijetko na vlastitoj koži iskusili tehničke nedostatke i ograničenosti tadašnjih pojedinih modela zrakoplova. Uz mornaričko zrakoplovstvo, rad opisuje događaje vezane uz Antantino zračno bombardiranje Pule tijekom Prvoga svjetskog rata.
Suradnja općina Taglio di Po i Omišalj od 1992. do 1996. godine
Authors: Drinjak Željko
Published: November 2024

Neiscrpna je tema humanitarnih aktivnosti Krčana tijekom prve polovice devedesetih godina prošloga stoljeća. Uz aktivnosti koje su provodile razne humanitarne udruge kao što su Crveni križ, Bedem ljubavi – pokret majki za mir, Biskupijski Caritas, kao i podružnice župnih Caritasa, brojni su pojedinci zahvaljujući svojim prijeratnim poznanstvima samoinicijativno organizirali prikupljanje i dostavu humanitarne pomoći iz inozemstva. Tako je u ovome kratkom uratku opisan način na koji su omišaljska obitelj Nikole i Anamarije Žuvić i talijanska obitelj Mercedes i Giuseppea Crepaldi iz talijanskoga gradića Taglio di Po tijekom Domovinskog rata organizirali humanitarne aktivnosti koje su trajale sve do početka 1996. godine. Istodobno, te su aktivnosti bile početak neraskidivog prijateljstva i most koji je zauvijek pobratimio gradiće Omišalj i Taglio di Po.
Лечебная физическая культура, как доступный способ восстановления организма
Authors: В.Л. Комиссаров
Published: November 2024

в данной статье рассмотрена лечебная физическая культура через призму лечебной дозированной ходьбы, являющейся доступным способом восстановления организма. Именно дозированная ходьба практически не имеет противопоказаний и подходит любой возрастной категории, что важно, учитывая сопутствующие заболевания. Актуальность данной работы заключается в том, что внимание уделяется влиянию терренкура и дозированной ходьбы на студентов ВУЗов, которые в действительности, оказывают высокий уровень терапевтического и профилактического влияния на организм. Учитывая различные факторы риска, с которыми приходится сталкиваться студентам во время обучения, и как следствие они могут оказывать негативное влияние, остается важным лечебно-физическая культура в жизни студентов ВУЗов. Цель данной работы в том, чтобы раскрыть суть влияния лечебной физической культуры путем воздействия на организм дозированной ходьбы.

in this article, therapeutic physical culture is considered through the prism of therapeutic dosed walking, which is an affordable way to restore the body. It is dosed walking that has practically no contraindications and is suitable for any age group, which is important, given the concomitant diseases. The relevance of this work lies in the fact that attention is paid to the effect of exercise therapy and dosed walking on university students, who in fact have a high level of therapeutic and preventive effects on the body. Given the various risk factors that students have to face during their studies, and as a result they can have a negative impact, physical therapy remains important in the lives of university students. The purpose of this work is to reveal the essence of the influence of therapeutic physical culture by influencing the body with dosed walking.
Лексико-семантическая презентация исследования текста о музыке
Authors: Т.Ф. Терских , Т.Н. Журабек
Published: November 2024

особенность исследования связана с лексико-семантическим изучением фрагмента лексической системы. Актуальность определяется его включенностью в комплекс современных лингвистических работ, посвященных разноаспектному изучению фрагментов лексической системы, обращенностью к закономерностям организации одного из участков лексикона современной языковой личности. Авторы рассматривают основные свойства и характеристики лексико-семантического поля «музыка» в современном русском языке в анализируемом тексте (музыкальный инструмент литавра) и определяют, что в организации поля выделяются ядерная предметная часть и слова, обеспечивающие функционирование поля, главным образом – прилагательные и глаголы. Наличие в ряду слов-нетерминов, близких по семантике к лсп «музыка» (периферия поля), позволяет обучаемым составить себе представление о незнакомом научном термине.

the peculiarity of the study is related to the lexico-semantic study of a fragment of a lexical system. The relevance is determined by its inclusion in the complex of modern linguistic works devoted to the multidimensional study of fragments of the lexical system, its attention to the patterns of organization of one of the sections of the lexicon of a modern linguistic personality. The authors consider the main properties and characteristics of the LSP "music" in modern Russian in the analyzed text (musical instrument timpani) and determine, that in the organization of the field, the nuclear subject part and the words that ensure the functioning of the field are distinguished, mainly adjectives and verbs. The presence of nonterminal words close in semantics to the LSP "music" (the periphery of the field) allows students to form an idea of an unfamiliar scientific term.
Определяющие факторы спортивных достижений в футболе
Authors: Ю. Тулилет , Е.А. Лубышев
Published: November 2024

в статье рассматриваются ключевые факторы, определяющие спортивные достижения в футболе. Особое внимание уделено комплексному анализу физических, технических, тактических, психологических и антропометрических компонентов. Проведен критический обзор современных исследований, посвященных взаимосвязи между нагрузками, травмами и производительностью футболистов, а также методам идентификации и развития талантливых игроков. Предложены новые подходы к интеграции междисциплинарных методов в тренировочный процесс. Обсуждаются перспективы использования технологий и аналитики для повышения эффективности подготовки и игровой деятельности. Статья способствует углублению понимания факторов, влияющих на успех в футболе, и предлагает направления для дальнейших исследований.

this article examines the key factors determining sports achievements in football, focusing on a comprehensive analysis of physical, technical, tactical, psychological, and anthropometric components. A critical review of current research explores the relationship between workload, injuries, and player performance, as well as methods for talent identification and development. New approaches to integrating interdisciplinary methods into the training process are proposed. The prospects of using technology and analytics to enhance preparation efficiency and gameplay are discussed. The article contributes to a deeper understanding of factors influencing success in football and suggests directions for further research.
Инновационные методы обучения физкультуре в цифровую эпоху
Authors: Н.М. Юдина , Е.В. Егорычева , Н.И. Кумашов
Published: November 2024

в эпоху быстро развивающихся технологий, образовательная сфера, включая обучение физкультуре, претерпевает значительные изменения. Цель данной статьи – осветить, как инновационные методы и цифровые технологии трансформируют традиционные подходы к обучению физкультуре. Статья предоставляет всесторонний обзор современных технологий, таких как виртуальная и дополненная реальность, мобильные приложения, онлайн-платформы и геймификация, а также их влияние на мотивацию и эффективность обучения. Особое внимание уделено роли искусственного интеллекта и интерактивных систем в спортивном образовании. Анализируются как положительные аспекты, так и потенциальные проблемы, связанные с интеграцией данных инноваций. Представлены результаты научных исследований, а также практические примеры успешного использования новейших технологий в школах и спортивных клубах. Авторы стремятся не только осветить текущее состояние дел в области физкультурного образования, но и предложить перспективы для будущего развития данной сферы в контексте непрерывно эволюционирующего цифрового мира.

in the era of rapidly developing technologies, the educational sphere, including physical education, is undergoing significant changes. The purpose of this article is to highlight how innovative methods and digital technologies are transforming traditional approaches to physical education. The article provides a comprehensive overview of modern technologies such as virtual and augmented reality, mobile applications, online platforms and gamification, as well as their impact on motivation and learning effectiveness. Special attention is paid to the role of artificial intelligence and interactive systems in sports education. Both positive aspects and potential problems related to the integration of these innovations are analyzed. The results of scientific research are presented, as well as practical examples of the successful use of the latest technologies in schools and sports clubs. The authors strive not only to highlight the current state of affairs in the field of physical education, but also to offer prospects for the future development of this field in the context of a continuously evolving digital world.
Функционирование некоторых речевых этикетных формул в даргинском языке
Authors: У.У. Гасанова
Published: November 2024

в статье проводится анализ функционирования некоторых речевых этикетных формул в даргинском языке. Монографических работ, посвященных всестороннему анализу речевых формул дагестанских языков, на сегодняшний день не существует. Они транслируют характерные особенности народа, меткость и лаконичность языка. Даргинский язык, как и другие языки народов Дагестана, богат своими меткими формулами речевого этикета. Особенно часто данные речевые формулы носителями ряда даргинских диалектов. Удельный вес даргинских недобрых пожеланий намного выше, чем благопожеланий. Недобрые пожелания распределяются на различные тематические подгруппы. Это проклятия, адресованные домашним животным и птицам, недобрые пожелания, адресованные людям, проклятия в адрес вещей, явлений. Чаще всего из возникновение связано из-за ссоры, вражды, недовольства. Характерны они больше женщинам, нежели мужчинам. Женщины в силу своей эмоциональности более экспрессивны, чем мужчины. Среди проклятий отмечаются степени усиления: мягко выраженные недобрые пожелания, средней степени усиленности и высшей степени усиленности.

the article analyzes the functioning of some speech etiquette formulas in the Darginian language. To date, there are no monographic works devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the speech formulas of the Dagestani languages. They convey the characteristic features of the people, the accuracy and conciseness of the language. The Darginian language, like other languages of the peoples of Dagestan, is rich in its apt formulas of speech etiquette. These speech formulas are especially often used by speakers of a number of Darginian dialects. The proportion of Darginian ill wishes is much higher than well-wishes. Unkind wishes are divided into various thematic subgroups. These are curses addressed to pets and birds, unkind wishes addressed to people, curses against things, phenomena. Most often, their occurrence is due to quarrels, enmity, discontent. They are more characteristic of women than men. Women, by virtue of their emotionality, are more expressive than men. Among the curses, there are degrees of amplification: mildly expressed ill wishes, medium degree of intensity and the highest degree of intensity.
Функции прилагательных-неологизмов в социальных сетях
Authors: Л. Ван
Published: November 2024

в статье на материале языка современных социальных сетей (на примере «ВКонтакте») даётся обзор основных функций, выполняемых прилагательными-неологизмами в современном русском языке. Отмечено, что пользователи социальных сетей активно применяют прилагательные-неологизмы в публикациях, новостных сообщениях, подписях к фотографиям, комментариях и т.п. Выявлены и проиллюстрированы примерами номинативная, оценочная, экспрессивная, изобразительная, характерологическая, объяснительная, эстетическая, прагматическая, юмористическая, эвфемистическая функции анализируемых прилагательных. С помощью прилагательных, недавно вошедших в русский язык, знакомых пока не всем его носителям, говорящие называют новые явления, оценивают их, выражают свои эмоции, описывают и характеризуют происходящее, объясняют суть каких-то предметов и событий, создают детальные, эстетичные, ироничные, критичные описания, стремятся оказывать воздействие на адресатов публикаций, проявляют свою языковую оригинальность. Делается вывод о важности в русском языке новых имён прилагательных, которые отвечают различным потребностям говорящих, помогают им более точно, ярко, выразительно, эмоционально передавать свои мысли и чувства. Имена прилагательные занимают особое место среди массива неологизмов современного русского языка именно в связи со своей многофункциональностью, наличием у них богатого описательного, характерологического, экспрессивного, выразительного потенциала.

the article provides an overview of the main functions performed by neologism adjectives in the modern Russian language using the language of modern social networks (using VKontakte as an example). It is noted that social network users actively use neologism adjectives in publications, news reports, photo captions, comments, etc. The nominative, evaluative, expressive, pictorial, characterological, explanatory, aesthetic, pragmatic, euphemistic and humorous functions of the analyzed adjectives are identified and illustrated with examples. With the help of adjectives that have recently entered the Russian language and are not yet familiar to all of its speakers, speakers name new phenomena, evaluate them, express their emotions, describe and characterize what is happening, explain the essence of some objects and events, create detailed, aesthetic, ironic, critical descriptions, strive to influence the addressees of publications, and demonstrate their linguistic originality. The conclusion is made about the importance of new adjectives in the Russian language, which meet the various needs of speakers, help them to convey their thoughts and feelings more accurately, vividly, expressively, emotionally. Adjectives occupy a special place among the array of neologisms of the modern Russian language precisely due to their multifunctionality, the presence of rich descriptive, characterological, expressive, expressive potential.
Regulation and state use of social media
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Miller Jack , Bermingham Rowena
Published: November 2024

The use of social media raises questions around security, state regulation, privacy, and online safety. How can states balance regulation and personal freedom?
Economic inequality and recovery
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Hobbs Abbi
Published: November 2024

GDP and income inequality both influence population health. How might the COVID-19 outbreak widen economic inequalities in the long-term?
Geothermal energy
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Abesser Corinna , Walker Alan
Published: November 2024

Geothermal energy is a source of low-carbon, homegrown, renewable energy. It is available throughout the UK and can provide heat or power all year long independent of weather conditions. It currently delivers less than 0.3% of the UK's annual heat demand, using only a fraction of the estimated available geothermal heat resource. There is the potential to increase this proportion significantly, but this will require long-term government support to develop a route to market and overcome high upfront capital costs and geological development risks.
Teknik Penerjemahan pada Menu Restoran Khas Tiongkok di Kota Medan
Authors: Ulibasa Caroline Gloria , Nasution Vivi Adryani , Ayuningtias Niza
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan teknik penerjemahan yang digunakan dalam buku menu restoran khas Tiongkok di Kota Medan berdasarkan teknik penerjemahan yang dikemukakan oleh Molina & Albir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan teknik terjemahan pada frasa dan klausa yang terdapat dalam buku menu restoran khas Tiongkok di Medan. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 41 data, terdapat 10 jenis teknik penerjemahan. Jenis teknik penerjemahan tersebut antara lain teknik peminjaman sebanyak 10 data, teknik reduksi sebanyak 7 data, teknik deskripsi sebanyak 7 data, teknik transposisi sebanyak 6 data, teknik adaptasi sebanyak 4 data, teknik modulasi sebanyak 2 data, teknik kreasi diskursif sebanyak 2 data, teknik kompensasi sebanyak 1 data, teknik partikularisasi sebanyak 1 data, dan teknik amplifikasi sebanyak 1 data.
The Effect of Charades Game Towards Students’ Vocabulary Mastery At The Eighth Grade Students Of Mts Mathla’ul Anwar Binuangeun Wanasalam Lebak-Banten in Academic Year 2023/2024
Authors: Sundari Agi
Published: November 2024

These skills are supported by learning elements such as structure, vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, and spelling. One of them is vocabulary, vocabulary is also a language component that plays an important role in language learning. This research paper aims to determine The Effect of Charades Game Towards Students’ Vocabulary Mastery at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Mathla’ul Anwar Binuangeun Wanasalam Lebak-banten. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design research method, which uses three concepts, namely, pre-test, treatment and post-test. The population was 144 students and the samples of this research was 72 students that consisted of 36 students of experimental class and 36 students of control class. The result of post-test both experimental class and control class, after getting the treatment the result of experimental class 65.83 and control class is 62,08, it means the result of experimental class is higher than control class. Based on the data above, the charades game showed better results in the experimental class than the control class.
Assessment of Complex Flow Patterns in Patients with Carotid Webs, Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis, and Healthy Subjects Using 4D Flow MRI
Authors: El Sayed Retta , Park Charlie , Shah Zahraw , Nahab Fadi , Haussen Diogo , Allen Jason , Oshinski John
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The motivation of this work is to understand the hemodynamics parameters in subjects with carotid web (CaW), atherosclerosis subjects with similar luminal narrowing, and normal subjects using 4D Flow MRI. Goal(s): The main goal of this work is to quantify parameters related to vascular dysfunction including wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI). Approach: 4D Flow MRI was utilized to prospectively scan subjects with CaW and hemodynamic parameters were compared to subjects with mild atherosclerosis and healthy volunteers. Results: The results show that subjects with CaW have larger regions of complex blood flow represented by low WSS and high OSI. Impact: This study improves our understanding of disturbed hemodynamics caused by CaWs in comparison to atherosclerosis, which may explain the mechanism of thrombus formation and lay the groundwork for stroke risk assessment in patients with CaW.
Fetal MRI-based body and adiposity quantification for small for gestational age perinatal risk stratification
Authors: Rabinowich Aviad , Avisdris Netanell , Yehuda Bossmat , Zilberman Ayala , Graziani Tamir , Neeman Bar , Specktor-Fadida Bella , Link-Sourani Dafna , Wexler Yair , Herzlich Jacky , Haratz Karina Krajden , Joskowicz Leo , Ben Sira Liat , Hiersch Liran , Ben Bashat Dafna
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses are undernourished and at higher risk for adverse outcomes; however, conventional assessment methods exhibit limited sensitivity. Goal(s): To stratify perinatal risk using MRI-based body composition metrics. Approach: TruFISP and 2-points Dixon images were used to compute the total fetal volume (TFV), fat-to-body volume ratio (FBVR) and adipose tissue fat signal fraction (FSF) using deep-learning segmentation. Results: SGA fetuses (N=40) with lower FBVR were more likely to require obstetric interventions because of non-reassuring status, while those with reduced TFV were prone to adverse neonatal outcomes. The model’s sensitivity/specificity rates are 85.7%/87.5% and 82.35%/86.4%, respectively. Impact: Quantifying fetal body composition through MRI can offer additional insights into the severity of small for gestational age complicated pregnancies and may help in stratifying perinatal risk.
A self-supervised feature learning strategy for training reconstruction networks on undersampled data in cardiac Cine MRI
Authors: Xu Siying , Hammernik Kerstin , Rueckert Daniel , Gatidis Sergios , Kuestner Thomas
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Most existing deep learning-based MR image reconstruction methods are supervised learning, relying on fully-sampled images, which is challenging to acquire in practice. Goal(s): We aim to leverage undersampled data in a self-supervised reconstruction framework to enhance expressibility and model performance. Approach: We use information maximization methods to learn sampling-invariant features from undersampled images and incorporate them in a self-supervised reconstruction network. Results: The proposed method can learn sampling-invariant features from undersampled data, which enhance the reconstruction performance, enabling self-supervised MR image reconstruction for up to 16× undersampling. Impact: The proposed self-supervised feature learning strategy can extract sampling-invariant features from undersampled images, effectively assisting the reconstruction of undersampled cardiac cine MR imaging without requiring fully-sampled images. This feature learning strategy may also be advantageous for other downstream tasks.
Choroid Plexus Area and Permeability in Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Xu Ziming , Gao Xize , Gan Jinghuan , Chen Zhichao , Ji Yong , Chen Huijun
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The choroid plexus has been demonstrated to play a significant role in the pathophysiology of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), however the imaging characteristics are not yet explored. Goal(s): Our goal was to assess choroid plexus area and permeability based on MRI in DLB patients. Approach: DLB patients were imaged to acquire choroid plexus area and permeability and compared with patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy controls. Results: DLB patients exhibited larger area and lower fractional plasma volume in choroid plexus than healthy controls. Additionally, they were found to be significantly associated with the mini-mental state examination score. Impact: The larger choroid plexus area and lower fractional plasma volume detected by T1-weighted MRI and DCE-MRI in dementia with Lewy bodies provide a non-invasive and quantitative metric for advancing the diagnosis and treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies.
Application of Voxel-wise Lung Ventilation (VOLVE) Assessment Utilising Cross-Correlation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Peggs Zachary , Brooke Jonathan , Paul Jan , Bradley Christopher , Cooper Andrew , Bolton Charlotte , Hall Ian , Francis Susan , Gowland Penny
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To develop dynamic ventilation metrics that are robust to breathing behaviour and can identify nonlinear responses of MR signal to lung expansion. Goal(s): To extend Voxel-wise Lung Ventilation (VOLVE) analysis by incorporating cross-correlation metrics to account for phase shifts between the navigator (global) and lung parenchyma (local) respiratory signal representing delays in ventilation. Approach: Prospective pilot study using VOLVE analysis incorporating cross-correlation of navigator and lung parenchyma signals. Results: Significant differences between healthy and COPD groups in the cross-correlation metrics, with both a reduction in amplitude indicating reduced signal linearity and increase in phase shift (lag) indicating delayed ventilation. Impact: Voxel-wise Lung Ventilation (VOLVE) analysis incorporating cross-correlation and lag enables the distinction between lung regions with delayed ventilation from regions where ventilation signal is static. This additional insight into nonlinear ventilation dynamics will improve understanding of changes in lung function.
High resolution free-breathing respiratory-resolved volumetric lung imaging at 0.55T using stack-of-spiral out-in bSSFP
Authors: Zhao Ziwei , Tasdelen Bilal , Lee Nam , Nayak Krishna
Published: November 2024

Motivation: High resolution free-breathing structural lung imaging at 0.55T has been demonstrated using bSSFP half-radial dual-echo imaging with constrained reconstruction within ~10-min scan time. Goal(s): To develop faster high-resolution free-breathing lung imaging using spiral sampling. Approach: We employ a stack-of-spirals out-in trajectory with constrained reconstruction along with pilot-tone based respiratory navigation. Results: Structural lung imaging is demonstrated with 2mm isotropic resolution, 5-7 respiratory states, and 5-7 min scan time. 3D ventilation maps are demonstrated, showing -3.1% ~ 70.2% lung capacity during normal and deep breathing. Impact: Free-breathing SoSOi can provide simultaneous structural and functional lung imaging at 0.55T within a 5-min scan, with improved sampling efficiency and lower undersampling factor compared to bSTAR. This has implications for the evaluation of lung function and chronic lung diseases.
Detection of Acute Infarction Using 0.23T Mobile Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Minor Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Suo Yue , Zhang Zhe , Xu Yuyuan , Wei Ning , Zhu Wanlin , Qi Nan , Liu Xinyao , Gong Xiping , Dong Kehui , Li Zixiao , Meng Xia , Wang Yongjun , Jing Jing
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Low-field mobile MRI (0.064T) enables early identification of acute infarction(s) for patients with minor ischemic stroke (MIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Improving the spatial resolution and shortening the scanning time are needed. Goal(s): This study sought to compare the performance of low-field mobile MRI (0.23T) and 3T MRI in detecting acute infarction(s) in MIS or TIA patients within 14 days since onset. Approach: The accuracy was calculated. The ground truth was defined as the closest 3T fixed MRI examination. Results: The accuracy of mobile low-field MRI in detecting acute infarction(s) was 96.1%. Overall scan time was shortend compared to the 0.064T system. Impact: The performance of 0.23T low-field mobile MRI in detecting acute ischemic infarctions was comparable with 3T MRI in our study.
Impact of flow encoding strategies on velocity and turbulence quantification in 4D flow MRI
Authors: Dirix Pietro , Buoso Stefano , Kozerke Sebastian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Blood flow turbulence and velocity quantification with 4D flow MRI is sensitive to imaging parameters such as Venc and undersampling factor, but their impact has not been clearly quantified yet. Goal(s): Use synthetic 4D flow MRI data to determine the impact of encoding directions and strengths for turbulence and velocity quantification. Approach: Personalized synthetic 4D flow MRI data are simulated for a given set of encoding velocity strengths and directions assuming a fixed scan budget of 15 minutes. Results: Turbulent kinetic energy shows large variations depending on the encoding strategy, while velocity magnitudes are marginally affected by the choice. Impact: Based on the simulations, a 7-point dual- approach represents an efficient approach for accurate velocity and turbulence quantification. However, the low-Venc needs to be tuned to be sensitive to the ranges of expected intra-voxel standard deviations.
MRI-based analysis of the blood flow in the left ventricle: 2D geometry-prescribed Cine-MRI based model versus 4D-Flow CMR
Authors: Perie Delphine , Bedoux Agathe , Dubois Pierre , Leclaire Sebastien
Published: November 2024

Motivation: 4D-Flow CMR allows to analyze 3D blood flow patterns in the left ventricle, however it requires time-consuming acquisitions and complex pre and post-processing. Goal(s): The objective is to develop a method to analyze blood flow patterns in the left ventricle without these disadvantages. Approach: Using Cine-MRI and patient-specific modelling techniques, we introduced a new and semi-automated method to simulate the blood flow inside the left ventricle. Accuracy of the developed method was evaluated by comparing the results to 4D-Flow CMR analysis performed on one healthy subject. Results: Both techniques showed similar blood flow patterns and comparable hemodynamics parameters. Impact: This patient-specific model is a relatively simple and time-saving method allowing blood flow analysis in the left ventricle based on Cine-MRI acquisition. It may be used to characterize blood flow in patients with heart disease at rest or under stress.
Quantification of Whole-Organ Renal Metabolic Rate of Oxygen Consumption During Free-Breathing
Authors: Kamona Nada , Deshpande Rajiv , Langham Michael , Nabbout Marianne , Wehrli Felix
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Whole-organ renal oxygen metabolism increases by 40-65% during early stages of kidney disease. Current biomarkers are sensitive to later kidney disease stages once tissue damage has already occurred. Goal(s): Non-invasively quantify renal metabolic rate of oxygen during free-breathing, to be used as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of kidney disease. Approach: A new MRI sequence was tested in healthy adults at the left kidney that simultaneously measures blood water T2 and blood flow rate, from which metabolic rate of oxygenation is determined from Fick’s Principle. Results: Quantification of metabolic parameters show good agreement between free-breathing and breath-hold acquisitions. Impact: The renal metabolic rate of oxygen was non-invasively quantified at the left kidney during free-breathing in healthy adults. Renal oxygen metabolism can be a valuable physiological biomarker for early diagnosis of kidney disease before irreversible tissue damage occurs.
Ultra-High Field 2D TOF MRA of Pelvis and Lower Extremity: Comparison of 5T and 3 T
Authors: Zhang Xianyi , Shi Zhang , Wang Dong , Zhu Jiayu , Hu Junpu , Zhang Xijing , Yuan Jianmin , Wang He , Li Hao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The introduction of ultra-high field 5 tesla (T) system provides brand-new opportunities in whole-body MR that can potentially be applied in peripheral MR angiography (MRA). Goal(s): This study performed two-dimensional (2D) time-of-flight (TOF) MRA of the lower body in ten healthy volunteers for both 3T and 5T systems. Approach: MRA with high spatial resolutions (true voxel sizes, 1$$$\times$$$1.25$$$\times$$$2) from different field strengths were evaluated quantitively and qualitatively. Results: 2D TOF MRA at 5 T is capable of providing superior vessel delineation and image quality (in both quantitative and subjective assessment) to 3 T. Impact: This comparative study demonstrated the superiority of 5T to 3T in TOF MRA for pelvis and lower extremities. 5T TOF MRA provides a possible alternative for the clinical assessment of peripheral arteries.
Data-driven Image Reconstruction for Ultra-low-field Knee and Spine MRI at 0.05T
Authors: Man Christopher , Lau Vick , Zeng Shihao , Li Xiang , Zhao Yujiao , Wu Ed
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Deep learning (DL) is a powerful tool for MR image formation tasks and MR data at ultra-low-field (ULF) strength has significantly lower SNR than high-field. Goal(s): Enhancing the image quality of ULF knee and c-spine data at 0.05T via DL reconstruction. Approach: We extend our recently developed 3D DL partial Fourier reconstruction and superresolution (PF-SR) method on PF-sampled low-resolution noisy brain data to knee and c-spine data. Results: The preliminary results demonstrate PF-SR, trained on synthetic ULF data simulated from high-field data, can reduce noise and artifacts, and enhance spatial resolution in experimental ULF knee and c-spine data, acquired from 0.05T MRI platform. Impact: Through leveraging the homogeneous human knee and spine anatomy available in high-field data to enhance the image quality of ultra-low-field knee and spine MRI at 0.05T via deep learning reconstruction in a low-cost and shielding-free 0.05T MRI platform.
A LOW-COST AND OPEN-SOURCE MAGNET TEST STATION TO IMPROVE THE ASSEMBLY PROCESS OF LOW-FIELD SCANNER MAGNETS
Authors: Zanovello Umberto , Basso Vittorio , Winter Lukas
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The building process of low-field scanners magnets, when composed of a large number of small permanent magnets, is time-consuming and error-prone due to the highly repetitive task. Goal(s): To design a low-cost and open-source solution making the magnet building process faster and more reliable.Approach: To use a Hall sensor to distinguish between working and defective permanent magnets. Furthermore, to take advantage of the attractive force between two permanent magnets to identify the polarization direction. Results: A magnetic test station is designed. CAD drawings and scripts are made available on the GitHub repository. Impact: A magnet test station allowing for an easy and straightforward testing of small permanent magnets is proposed. The test station makes the construction process of low-field scanner magnets, composed of a large number of permanent magnets, faster and more reliable.
Characterisation of a new, commercial, partially open-source RF amplifier for low field applications
Authors: O'Reilly Tom , Webb Andrew
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Commercially available open source electronics will help lower the cost and increase accessibility of MRI scanners. Goal(s): Here we characterise the performance of a commercially available, partially open source RF amplifier designed for low field (<100 mT) MRIApproach: We examine the gain linearity and frequency stability of the RF amplifier and examine the behaviour of the RF amplifier when transmitting in to a 50 ohm load and RF coil. Results: The RF amplifier performs well and has sufficient power for low field applications, making it an attractive open source option for low field MRI systems. Impact: Commercially available open-source electronics will help fundamentally address the cost and access issues hampering the wide step adoption of MRI in low resource settings. In this work we characterise a commercial, partially open-source RF amplifier for low field MRI.