EDITORIAL VOLUME 19 ISSUE 4: COVID-19: Exemplifying the importance and challenges of Acute Medicine
Authors:   Department of Acute Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road, Manchester, Cooksley Timothy 
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 has challenged healthcare providers and systems. It has dominated the international news agenda for the majority of 2020; arguably opinion becoming more fractured and disparate as the pandemic has evolved. The changing tone of discourse is concerning, although perhaps not surprising. As the majority of the population become increasingly baffled, bored and betrayed desperate for their lives return to “normal”, progressively binary, toxically expressed and opposing scientific views as to how to manage the “second wave” of the pandemic permeate. The initial failings of personal protective equipment (PPE) and a lack of preparedness to face a viral pandemic against the background of a strained acute care sector must not be forgotten and lessons learned. In the UK, COVID-19 has highlighted both the challenges and importance of Acute Medicine. Acute Medicine teams have provided innovative and rapidly adaptive models of care in response to the pandemic. The fundamental tenets of Acute Medicine – MDT working, rapid initiation of treatment, sound use of diagnostics, early senior clinician input and recognition of those in whom ambulatory care is appropriate – are essential components in the management of all acute medical care and demonstrably equally apply to COVID-19. Our increasing global community of Acute Physicians and Acute Medicine teams have once again demonstrated the importance of our specialty. The innovative practice of Acute Medicine teams and the impact of COVID-19 features prominently in this issue of Acute Medicine. There has been wide commentary regarding the impact of COVID-19 on both mental health issues and non-COVID-19 presentations. Riley et al. report an important analysis of presentations to AMU during the first wave of COVID-19 demonstrating a significant change in patient case mix.1 There were increased numbers of presentations potentially associated with social isolation such as falls, alcohol-related pathologies and overdoses alongside smaller numbers of traditionally lower risk presentations, such as non-cardiac chest pain. Ambulatory management of low risk patients with suspected COVID-19 is fundamental to the safety and sustainability of acute care services during the “second wave” and moving forward. Nunan et al. report the experience of the TICC-19 – a virtual ward monitoring oxygen saturations for COVID-19 triaged using a 30 metre rapid walk test.2 This strategy appears safe and feasible with high levels of patient satisfaction and similar models are being utilised across many organisations. The role of POCUS in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 is increasingly recognised.4 Knight et al. describe a simple aggregated score formed by summating the degree of pleural and interstitial change within six anatomical lung zones showing good discriminatory performance in predicting a range of adverse outcomes in patients with suspected COVID-19.4 This may form an important addition to COVID-19 ambulatory pathways. SAMBA, the Society for Acute Medicine’s Benchmarking Audit, initially focused on the Society’s key quality indicators, continues to flourish and grow. It now not only benchmarks performance but is being used to guide the development of UK clinical quality measures. Colleagues in the Netherlands are commencing similar work and describing international standards of acute medical care, an iterative process, is one of the ultimate goals of this work. SAMBA 19 continues to demonstrate the evolving complexity of acute medical pathways and highlights the need to define optimal quality indicators for acute medical care.5 The inaugural winter SAMBA adds further evidence to the concerns that during this period there is an unfortunate cocktail of both sicker patients and poorer performance.6 Adapting acute medical services to meet this challenge requires innovation and investment. Those working in Acute Medicine should feel proud of their continued contribution to managing the acutely unwell patient and their impact on the sustainability of acute care services, particularly during this most challenging of years. The Society for Acute Medicine has tremendous pride in representing this brilliant workforce. Alongside, the fantastic work of teams this year, there have been multiple emotional and physical stressors. Many AMUs have experienced large numbers of patient deaths, often having to support their loved ones by telephone. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was greatest among colleagues working in Acute Medicine.7 Tragically, some AMUs have lost valued colleagues from COVID-19. We remember these friends for their fantastic work they have done, thank them for their contributions to Acute Medicine and on behalf of all the patients they served, we express thanks; their dedication resulted in the ultimate personal sacrifice. They will never be forgotten.