bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simple method for manufacturing and optical characterization of tapered optical fibres
Authors: Zakrzewski A. , Pięta A. , Patela S.
Published: October 2016

Photonic devices often use light delivered by a single-mode telecommunication fibre. However, as the diameter of the core of the optical fibre is of 10 microns, and the transverse dimensions of the photonic waveguides are usually micrometer or less, there is an issue of incompatibility. The problem may be solved by application of tapered optical fibres. For efficient light coupling, the taper should be prepared so as to create a beam of long focal length and small spot diameter in the focus. The article describes the design, fabrication and characterization of tapered optical fibres prepared with a fibre-optic fusion splicer. We modelled the tapers with FDTD method, for estimation of the influence of the tapered length and angle on the spot diameter and the focal length of an outgoing beam. We fabricated tapers from a standard single mode fibre by the Ericsson 995 PMfi- bre-optic fusion splicer. We planned the splicing technology so as to get the needed features of the beam. We planned a multistep fusion process, with optimized fusion current and fusion time. The experimental measurements of best tapered optical fibres were carried out by the knife-edge method.
An environmental application of functionalized chitosan: enhancement of the separation of the solid and liquid fractions of digestate from anaerobic digestion
Authors: David Ghislain , Negrell Claire , Vachoud Laurent , Ruiz Emilie , Delalonde Michèle , Wisniewski Christelle
Published: October 2016

A high molecular weight chitosan was chemically modified to quantitatively incorporate quaternary ammonium groups. Its efficiency was evaluated in the liquid-solid separation for various liquors, and compared with the one of a polyelectrolyte usually used for this utilization. The performance of the liquid-solid separation was estimated through the determination of two parameters measured after the screening- settling of the mixture liquor/flocculating agent: the separation efficiency (EV) and the TS removal efficiency (ETS). Apart for liquor 6, TS removal was always better after an addition of functionalized chitosan. Furthermore, whatever the type of liquor, the distribution was modified by an increased presence of high-size particles when functionalized chitosan was added. Moreover, chitosan addition tended to homogenize the size of the particles, which could facilitate the choice of the liquid-solid separation process. This homogenization was particularly observed for the liquor initially highly dispersed in size, i.e. liquors 1, 4, 6 and 8.
Reciprocal moderation by Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and blood phenylalanine – tyrosine ratio of their associations with trait aggression
Authors: Mathai Ashwin Jacob , Lowry Christopher A. , Cook Thomas B. , Brenner Lisa A. , Brundin Lena , Groer Maureen W. , Peng Xiaoqing , Giegling Ina , Hartmann Annette M. , Konte Bettina , Friedl Marion , Fuchs Dietmar , Rujescu Dan , Postolache Teodor T.
Published: October 2016

We previously reported that trait aggression, proposed as an endophenotype for suicidal behavior, is positively associated with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) seropositivity in females, but not in males. Additionally, older males seropositive for T. gondii had lower scores on measures of trait aggression, including self-aggression. Trait aggression may be influenced by dopaminergic signaling, which is known to be moderated by gender and age, and potentially enhanced in T. gondii positives through the intrinsic production of dopamine by the microorganism. Therefore, we investigated associations between trait aggression and interactions between T. gondii enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) IgG titer-determined seropositivity and high-performance liquid chromatography- (HPLC-) measured blood levels of dopamine precursors phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), and their ratio in a sample of 1000 psychiatrically healthy participants. Aggressive traits were assessed using the questionnaire for measuring factors of aggression (FAF), the German version of the Buss-Durkee hostility questionnaire. We found that 1) the decrease in trait aggression scores in T. gondii
-positive older males was only present in individuals with a low Phe:Tyr ratio, and 2) that there was a positive correlation between Phe:Tyr ratio and total aggression and selected subscales of aggression in T. gondii-positive males, but not in T. gondii-negative males. These findings point toward a gender-specific reciprocal moderation by Phe:Tyr ratio and T. gondii seropositivity of their associations with aggression scores, and lead to experimental interventions geared to manipulating levels of dopamine precursors in selected T. gondii positive individuals with increased propensity for aggression.
A Discrete Negative Order Potential Korteweg–de Vries Equation
Authors: Zhao Song-lin , Sun Ying-ying
Published: October 2016

We investigate a discrete negative order potential Korteweg–de Vries (npKdV) equation via the generalised Cauchy matrix approach. Solutions more than multisoliton solutions of this equation are derived by solving the determining equation set. We also show the semidiscrete equation and continuous equation together with their exact solutions by considering the continuum limits.
Psychiatric Disorders and Trends in Resource Use in Pediatric Hospitals
Authors: Zima Bonnie T. , Rodean Jonathan , Hall Matt , Bardach Naomi S. , Coker Tumaini R. , Berry Jay G.
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:

To describe recent, 10-year trends in pediatric hospital resource use with and without a psychiatric diagnosis and examine how these trends vary by type of psychiatric and medical diagnosis cooccurrence.

METHODS:

A retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis using hospital discharge data from 33 tertiary care US children’s hospitals of patients ages 3 to 17 years from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2014. The trends in hospital discharges, hospital days, and total aggregate costs for each psychiatric comorbid group were assessed by using multivariate generalized estimating equations.

RESULTS:

From 2005 to 2014, the cumulative percent growth in resource use was significantly (all P < .001) greater for children hospitalized with versus without a psychiatric diagnosis (hospitalizations: +137.7% vs +26.0%; hospital days: +92.9% vs 5.9%; and costs: +142.7% vs + 18.9%). During this time period, the most substantial growth was observed in children admitted with a medical condition who also had a cooccurring psychiatric diagnosis (hospitalizations: +160.5%; hospital days: +112.4%; costs: +156.2%). In 2014, these children accounted for 77.8% of all hospitalizations for children with a psychiatric diagnosis; their most common psychiatric diagnoses were developmental disorders (22.3%), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (18.1%), and anxiety disorders (14.2%).

CONCLUSIONS:

The 10-year rise in pediatric hospitalizations in US children’s hospitals is 5 times greater for children with versus without a psychiatric diagnosis. Strategic planning to meet the rising demand for psychiatric care in tertiary care children’s hospitals should place high priority on the needs of children with a primary medical condition and cooccurring psychiatric disorders.
Diploglossus lessonae Peracca, 1890 (Squamata: Anguidae): new records from northeast Brazil and notes on distribution
Authors: Caldas Francis Luiz Santos , Santana Daniel Oliveira , Faria Renato Gomes , Bocchiglieri Adriana , Mesquita Daniel Oliveira
Published: October 2016

The family Anguidae contains three subfamilies: Gerrhonotinae, Anguinae, and Diploglossinae. In Brazil, there are four described anguid species, all from the subfamily Diploglossinae. Herein, we present the first records of Diploglossus lessonae Peracca, 1890 from the state of Sergipe and new records for the states of Paraíba and Ceará. The records compiled here for the Caatinga can reveal a pattern of widely distributed species in the biome.
Experimental evaluation of longitudinal splitting of bamboo flexural components
Authors: Richard Michael J. , Gottron Jennifer , Harries Kent A. , Ghavami Khosrow
Published: October 2016

Splitting or longitudinal shear failures in full-culm bamboo are a critical limit state when using the material for construction applications. Understanding and quantifying the behaviour must be through standardised test methods for international adoption into building practices to be successful. Current testing procedures only determine an effective flexural strength due to splitting failures. The present study investigates longitudinal shear failure in full-culm Phyllostachys pubescens (Moso) and Bambusa stenostachya (Tre Gai) bamboo flexural specimens through a number of standard and modified test methods. In particular, the paper proposes modifications to ‘standard’ culm flexural tests intended to better capture actual shear-dominated behaviour. Notched specimens were used to better establish relationships between mode I and mode II behaviours. The test results illustrate the significant degree of interaction between mode I and mode II stresses resulting from flexural tests and their associated failures, specifically the significant deterioration of mode II capacity in the presence of even a small amount of mode I stress. It is proposed that a uniform experimental approach using horizontally notched flexural specimens having different shear spans and notch locations would be appropriate to establish a relationship between mode I and II behaviour.
BIM Bamboo: a digital design framework for bamboo culms
Authors: Lorenzo Rodolfo , Lee Chuhee , Oliva-Salinas Juan G. , Ontiveros-Hernandez Marcos J.
Published: October 2016

For decades bamboo has been identified as one of the most promising alternatives to help reduce the rising demand for industrialised building materials in the global south but numerous technical, normative and cultural challenges have so far prevented its widespread use in construction. In response, significant resources are currently being invested in the development of standardised, highly processed structural bamboo components following the unsustainable model of mass industrialisation prevalent in the global north. As a counterpoint, this research re-examines the structural use of natural bamboo culms against the backdrop of the digital age and postulates a new design and fabrication framework to support the construction of high-quality, sustainable and resilient bamboo structures suitable for the twenty-first century. This framework is based on the principles of building information modelling and is focused on managing, as opposed to forcibly eliminating, the inherent variability of a natural structural element through modern three-dimensional scanning, digital modelling and robotic fabrication. This paper presents the conceptual details of this framework with a particular focus on Mexico, one of the largest emergent economies in the world, as a potential implementation platform.
Influence of tool deterioration on the density of heat flux distribution in the cutting area in end milling of OT4 titanium alloy
Authors: Evdokimov D. V. , Skuratov D. L.
Published: October 2016

The influence of end mill teeth flank wear on the density of heat fluxes taking place in the cutting area is discussed in the paper. The following densities of heat fluxes are dealt with: the density of heat flux which occurs as a result of plastic deformation, the density of heat flux which occurs due to the friction of chips against the cutting face of the mill teeth and that which occurs as a result of flank surface friction against the workpiece being machined.The dependence of the cutting temperature on the value of the tool wear has been obtained. The thermal field in the tool has been calculated. The presented results of the numerical experiment have been obtained by a customized procedure that represents a revised procedure developed by Professor A.N. Resnikov for the conditions of endmilling. The article describes the main stages of adaptation. There are four of them, and they are based on the geometrical specificity of the chip. Immediate calculation of temperature fields in the cutting area in the endmilling process was performed using a computer finite - element model. The model takes into account the hydrodynamics of the cooling lubricant which, in most cases, takes place in endmilling and other machining processes.
Procedure of creating three-dimensional solid models of tool electrodes for electrochemical pulse machining of gas turbine engine parts in CAD-systems with their parametric coupling with software module profiling
Authors: Nekhoroshev M. V. , Pronichev N. D. , Smirnov G. V.
Published: October 2016

This work is dedicated to the creation of parametric solid models of tool electrodes based on the results of the calculation of the previously created software module. The developed technique will facilitate the solution of the problem of technological preparation of the operation of electrochemical machining (ECM) of a gas turbine emgine copressor. In this case, the solution could be obtained by simulations in several iterations and would completely preclude all machine work and mechanical hand-operated development of electrodes. The technique is based on a mathematical model of electrochemical shaping of a gas turbine engine airfoil using pulse current. In developing the model the electric comductivity and temperature were taken to be constant, the current output depended only on the current density, the anode and cathode overvoltage was determined by the polarization curves, the peculiarities of the anode process dynamics were considered by the current density and the parameters of the hydrodynamic conditions were taken to be optimal. A software module was developed in the course of developing the procedure. The module developed provides easy implementation of a mathematical model of profiling tool electrodes in ECM. Electronic models of electrode profiles that could be used in producing control software for machining electrode profiles on CNC machines are the end result of such simulation.
EXÍLIO, CAMINHO DE VÁRIAS MÃOS (BREVE REFLEXÃO)
Authors: F. Morais Franklin
Published: October 2016

Que os movimentos migratórios, espécie de mola de propulsão da experiência do exílio, deem ensejo a debates de temas variados – embates entre povos da Antiguidade; edificação de mitos sagrados em função de peregrinações; relatos de viagens exploratórias e científicas; imperialismo e diáspora coloniais; visões de identidade nacional em que se problematiza a influência imigratória; o autoexílio do intelectual de esquerda como contraponto radical à cultura de massa e à sociedade de consumo; a representação do exilado na prosa romanesca –, isso de certo modo projeta um campo de investigação de insólita unidade temática no qual perguntas de variada natureza podem ser formuladas.
Relationship Between Implant Stability Measurements Obtained by Two Different Devices: A Systematic Review
Authors: Andreotti Agda Marobo , Goiato Marcelo Coelho , Nobrega Adhara Smith , Freitas da Silva Emily Vivianne , Filho Humberto Gennari , Pellizzer Eduardo Piza , Micheline dos Santos Daniela
Published: October 2016

Background: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the relationship between two methods used to assess implant stability, investigating whether both provide similar implant stability assessments for the same clinical case.

Methods: A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE‐PubMed and Scopus databases, without limitation of the publication period, up to November 2015. The following key words were used, with associations among them: “dental implant,” “dental implants,” “Osstell,” “resonance frequency analysis,” “implant stability quotient,” “ISQ,” “Periotest,” “Periotest value,” and “PTV.” Inclusion criteria were English language, prospective, retrospective, and randomized controlled clinical trials that evaluated implant stability through use of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and damping capacity analysis (DCA). The study should assess implant stability of only a specific region for all patients or discriminate results evaluated for each region if the analysis had been made in various regions; RFA and DCA should have been applied in the same implants and periods. Studies have been carefully selected, and data of interest were tabulated.

Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Although there was significant numerical correlation between values obtained by both methods, data showed that less than half (46%) of cases coincided in relation to implant stability classification.

Conclusions: It can be considered that there is not always a consensus and standardization in the classification of implant stability related to the values obtained by RFA and DCA devices, which could create disagreements and miscommunication among dentistry professionals.
Winegrape phenology and temperature relationships in the Lisbon wine region, Portugal
Authors: Malheiro Aureliano C. , Campos Rita , Fraga Helder , Eiras-Dias José , Silvestre José , Santos João A.
Published: October 2016

Aim: To investigate the characteristics, relationships and trends in the phenology of four winegrape varieties and associated temperature relationships in the Lisbon wine region (LWR), between 1990 and 2011.

Methods and results: Budburst, flowering and véraison dates of red (Castelão and Aragonez, syn. Tempranillo) and white (Chasselas and Fernão Pires) varieties were taken from an experimental vineyard in the LWR. Harvest dates were determined based on a similar maturity level for all varieties. From these data, varietal characteristics, temporal trends as well as relationships between phenology and temperature were assessed through stepwise multivariate linear regressions. Flowering was the most sensitive to temperature in the preceding months (March-April). Differences/similarities between the phenological timing of the different varieties are presented. With few exceptions, no trends were found in phenophases over the 1990-2011 period, whereas several significant negative slopes were displayed for phenological intervals, suggesting a role for accumulated thermal effects in phenological timing. Strong correlations were observed between phenophases, especially between flowering and véraison.

Conclusion: The study highlights the key role played by temperature on phenology, particularly during springtime. Furthermore, an increase in temperature during that period will cause an advance in the timing of the following phenological events. Given the significant trends found, phenological shifts may occur in the long term, emphasizing the need to assess varietal characteristics and responses to regional climate.

Significance and impact of the study: The present work is the first attempt to systematically examine temporal trends in phenology and corresponding relationships with temperature in a Portuguese viticultural area, providing valuable information on the development and suitability of grapevine varieties, which determine viticultural practices and winegrower’s income.
Analyzing the sensitivity of viticultural practices to weather variability in a climate change perspective: an application to workable-day modelling
Authors: Barbeau Christine , Barbeau Gérard , Joannon Alexandre
Published: October 2016

Aims: The study aims at applying to a perennial crop the concept of “workable days” developed for annual crops by G. Kreher in 1955. A workable day is a day that provides conditions agronomically correct for work.

Methods and results: A survey among grapevine growers was carried out to collect their perception of practice sensitivity to weather variability. The study provided information on working periods, techniques and machinery involved, weather constraints and thresholds generally used by the vine growers, for 21 annual cropping practices. Pesticide spraying against powdery and downy mildew appeared to be the most sensitive to weather parameters. Therefore, this practice was selected for the purpose of modelling workable days, according to decision rules based on the postulate that all weather parameters should be within the acceptable ranges. The model was run over a period of 13 years (1998-2010). Analyses of the outputs pointed out a great variability in the number of workable days from one year to another as well as in the respective proportion of unfavourable weather factors involved in the reduction of workable days. A validation based on the analysis of the actual spraying practices realized over a period of 12 years (1999-2010) showed that 32 % of the treatments were done on a day characterized as not workable by the model. The errors could be attributed to periods of holidays and risky sanitary situations when decision rules had to be bypassed.

Conclusion: The model proved to represent rather well the decision rules use by vine growers to carry out their annual cropping practices in relation with the weather variability, within the area of study. The controversial role of the ‘leaf wetness duration’ weather parameter needs to be clarified; it may help to better parametrize the model. In order to improve its performance, the model should be coupled to a disease propagation model.

Significance and impact of the study: In a climate change perspective, modelling of workable days can be run with simulated climatic data. It may prove to be useful to adapt vineyard management strategies in terms of innovative cropping practices and equipment.
Anaesthetic management for intra‐abdominal malignancies with cardiac involvement: A report of two cases and review of literature
Authors: Lee Yi Lin , Suhitharan Thangavelautham , Leong Choy Kuen , Kothandan Harikrishnan
Published: October 2016

As imaging and diagnostic capabilities improve, an increasing number of patients will present for complex surgical procedures requiring a multidisciplinary team approach. Atrial tumour thrombus secondary to intra‐abdominal malignancy presents major challenges for both anaesthetic and surgical management. This often requires the use of both cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. We describe the anaesthetic management of two rare intra‐bdominal sarcomas with cardiac involvement. Both patients underwent successful radical resection of sarcoma with inferior vena caval thrombectomy. We also review the available literature regarding the management of these patients.
Combined spinal‐epidural ultrasound‐guided caudal block in an infant
Authors: Trindade Hugo , Silva Ronald , Rocha Teresa
Published: October 2016

Neuraxial blockade is a useful technique in the paediatric population, particularly in cases where the risks of other anaesthetic techniques outweigh their benefits. Ultrasound‐guided approaches are becoming more popular than established classical techniques. In paediatrics, the development of new approaches to neuraxial techniques have been slow and their contribution yet to be demonstrated in prospective studies. We describe a successful case related to surgery on an infant with Crouzon syndrome, in which we used a new combined ultrasound‐guided block.
Safe tubeless anaesthesia for laryngeal surgery in a patient with a known difficult airway
Authors: Lantz‐Dretnik Sahra , Gande Richard , Singh Tahwinder
Published: October 2016

Patients with a difficult airway provide a challenge for both anaesthetists and surgeons during laryngeal surgery. We describe a novel technique in the anaesthetic management of a 58‐year‐old male with a known difficult airway who required tubeless anaesthesia for laryngeal surgery. By utilising an airway exchange catheter as an adjunct during tubeless anaesthesia, we were able to safely manage the airway and ventilation in addition to providing a tubeless surgical field. Our experience has prompted us to consider its use more frequently during laryngeal surgery where a difficult airway is anticipated or encountered.
Treatment of laundry wastewater by biological and electrocoagulation methods
Authors: Ramcharan Terelle , Bissessur Ajay
Published: October 2016

The present study describes an improvement in the current electrocoagulation treatment process and focuses on a comparative study for the clean-up of laundry wastewater (LWW) after each wash and rinse cycle by biological and electrocoagulation treatment methods. For biological treatment, the wastewater was treated with a Bacillus strain of aerobic bacteria especially suited for the degradation of fats, lipids, protein, detergents and hydrocarbons. Treatment of the LWW by electrocoagulation involved the oxidation of aluminium metal upon the application of a controlled voltage which produces various aluminium hydroxy species capable of adsorbing pollutants from the wastewater. The efficiency of the clean-up of LWW using each method was assessed by determination of surfactant concentration, chemical oxygen demand and total dissolved solids. A rapid decrease in surfactant concentration was noted within 0.5 hour of electrocoagulation, whereas a notable decrease in the surfactant concentration was observed only after 12 hour of biological treatment. The rapid generation of aluminium hydroxy species in the electrocoagulation cell allowed adsorption of pollutants at a faster rate when compared to the aerobic degradation of the surfactant; hence a reduced period of time is required for treatment of LWW by electrocoagulation.
Вплив хвороби Грейвса на психокогнітивний стан дітей і дорослих (огляд літератури)
Authors: Мuratova Sh.Т. , Ismailov S.I.
Published: October 2016

Психоневрологічні зміни при хворобі Грейвса стають вираженими у всіх хворих вже на початкових стадіях захворювання. Підлітки починають погано вчитися, пропускають заняття в школі, спостерігаються зміни в їх поведінці. Для хворих характерні розвиток рухового збудження, метушливість, непосидючість, надмірна активність дитини, зниження пам’яті, погіршення успішності в школі, порушення сну, порушення в руховій сфері: тремор, грубі, хореїформні посіпування пальців і окремих м’язових груп, можливий розвиток тиреотоксичного періодичного паралічу, що може тривати від декількох хвилин до декількох годин і навіть днів. Тривожні синдроми, пов’язані з гіпертиреозом, зазвичай ускладнюються депресією та зниженням когнітивних функцій, таких як пам’ять і увага. У проведених проспективних дослідженнях виявлені низький ступінь невербального інтелекту, вербальної пам’яті та когнітивної функції, підвищена тривожність, афективні розлади, включаючи депресію, недоумство, у тому числі хворобу Альцгеймера; відмічено, що за високою швидкістю сприйняття слідує швидке його згасання, провали в пам’яті, порушення мовлення та самоусвідомлення. Лікування гіпертиреозу зазвичай призводить до поліпшення когнітивних і поведінкових порушень. Проте когнітивні функції відновлюються повільніше, ніж психоемоційні порушення, що зрештою призводить до зниження якості життя навіть після успішного лікування гіпертиреозу.
Вплив комбінованої терапії метформіном пролонгованої дії і глімепіридом на вуглеводний і жировий обмін у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу
Authors: Pankiv V.I.
Published: October 2016

Мета дослідження — вивчення ефективності та безпеки терапії метформіном пролонгованої дії у поєднанні з глімепіридом у хворих на цукровий діабет (ЦД) 2-го типу. Матеріали та методи. Під спостереженням перебувало 35 хворих на ЦД 2-го типу. До включення в дослідження пацієнти отримували метформін без досягнення цільових рівнів глікемії, а з моменту спостереження було додатково призначено комбіновану цукрознижувальну терапію глімепіридом і метформіном пролонгованої дії (препарат Дуглимакс, «Кусум Фарм», Україна) у поєднанні з метформіном (препарат Метамін SR, «Кусум Фарм», Україна). Лікування тривало впродовж 12 тижнів. До і після лікування оцінювали показники вуглеводного, ліпідного обміну, ступінь інсулінорезистентності та масу тіла. Результати. У проведеному дослідженні встановлений позитивний вплив комбінованої терапії метформіном і глімепіридом на вуглеводний та ліпідний обмін і загалом на показники чинників ризику розвитку серцево-судинних ускладнень (дисліпідемію, інсулінорезистентність, гіперінсулінемію). Рівень глікованого гемоглобіну порівняно з початковими значеннями знизився на 1,5 % (р < 0,05), глікемії натще — на 32,1 % (р < 0,05), постпрандіальної глікемії — на 43,7 % (р < 0,05). Крім того, на тлі терапії спостерігалося покращення ліпідного обміну: зниження загального холестерину на 16,6 % (р < 0,05), холестерину ліпопротеїнів низької щільності — на 29,7 % (р < 0,05), тригліцеридів — на 42,7 % (р < 0,001). Спостерігалося зниження рівня лептину в плазмі крові з 17,84 ± 2,3 нг/мл до 14,83 ± 2,42 нг/мл (р > 0,05). Зміни антропометричних показників (індексу маси тіла, окружності талії і стегон) були статистично незначущими (р > 0,05). На тлі комбінованого лікування не відзначалося гіпоглікемічних реакцій і побічних явищ. Висновки. Комбінована цукрознижувальна терапія метформіном пролонгованої дії і глімепіридом упродовж 12 тижнів призвела до статистично значущого покращення показників вуглеводного та ліпідного обміну.
Стан мікробіоти порожнини товстого кишечника у хворих на цукровий діабет 1-го типу залежно від тяжкості клінічного перебігу
Authors: Mazur О.О. , Plaksyvyi О.H. , Pashkovska N.V. , Bilooka І.О.
Published: October 2016

Вступ. Цукровий діабет (ЦД) 1-го типу призводить до розвитку та несприятливого клінічного перебігу хронічних запальних захворювань, у тому числі і лор-органів. Мета дослідження: вивчити видовий склад і популяційний рівень мікрофлори вмісту порожнини товстої кишки хворих на ЦД 1-го типу залежно від тяжкості його клінічного перебігу. Матеріали і методи. Бактеріологічним і мікологічним методами проведено обстеження вмісту порожнини товстої кишки у 50 хворих на ЦД 1-го типу віком від 15 до 60 років, середнього і тяжкого ступенів клінічного перебігу, а також у 30 практично здорових людей такого ж віку, які вважали себе здоровими і не хворіли на будь-яку патологію протягом останніх 6 місяців. З 50 хворих у 39 діагностований ЦД тяжкої форми, а в 11 — клінічний перебіг середнього ступеня тяжкості. Результати. При середньому і тяжкому перебігу ЦД 1-го типу у вмісті порожнини товстої кишки формується дефіцит автохтонних, найважливіших за представництвом у товстокишковому мікробіоценозі анаеробних бактерій роду Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Peptostreptococcus, Enterococcus. На такому тлі настає контамінація порожнини товстої кишки патогенними (E.coli Hly+, ентеропатогенні кишкові палички) та умовно-патогенними (Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, Proteus) ентеробактеріями, а також умовно-патогенними бактеріями роду Bacteroides, Clostridium, P.niger, Staphylococcus і дріжджоподібними грибами роду Candida, шо досягають високого популяційного рівня. Висновки. У мікробіоценозі порожнини товстої кишки хворих на ЦД 1-го типу суттєво зростає рівень ентеротоксигенних і ентеротоксичних (61,38 %) та умовно-патогенних бактерій (71,24 %). Зміна видового складу, індексу домінування Бергера — Паркера, індексу постійності призводить до зміни ролі кожного компонента мікробіоценозу порожнини товстої кишки хворих на ЦД 1-го типу як із середнім, так і більшою мірою з тяжким ступенем перебігу. У хворих на ЦД 1-го типу середнього та тяжкого перебігу в порожнині товстої кишки відзначається виражений (р < 0,05–0,001) дефіцит облігатних бактерій роду Bifidobacterium — на 50,04 %, Lactobacillus — на 34,82 %, Peptostreptococcus — на 16,0 %, Enterococcus — на 11,68 %. З поглибленням тяжкості клінічного перебігу посилюється дефіцит та прогнозується чітка картина зниження ролі біфідо- та лактобактерій у товстокишковому мікробіоценозі. Отримані дані є підставою для вивчення ефективності пробіотиків у комплексному лікуванні хворих на ЦД 1-го типу до, після та через 3 місяці після лікування на основі аналізу видового складу і популяційного рівня мікрофлори вмісту порожнини товстої кишки, а також для розробки лікувальної тактики гнійних синуїтів у пацієнтів з ЦД 1-го типу із включенням у схеми комплексного лікування пробіотиків.
Long-Term Outcome of Kidney Transplantation in Recipients with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Francis Anna , Trnka Peter , McTaggart Steven J.
Published: October 2016

Background and objectives

FSGS can recur after kidney transplantation and is associated with poor graft outcomes. We aimed to assess the incidence of FSGS recurrence post-transplant and determine the effect of graft source on recurrence and graft survival in patients with biopsy-proven FSGS.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Using the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, we assessed incidence of FSGS, the influence of donor type on the risk of FSGS recurrence, and graft loss in recipients with ESRD caused by primary FSGS using Kaplan–Meier and logistic regression analyses.

Results

Between 1992 and 2011, 736 first kidney transplants were performed in 666 adults and 70 children (≤20 years old) with biopsy–proven primary FSGS. FSGS recurred in 76 (10.3%) patients. Younger age (P<0.001), nonwhite ethnicity (P=0.02), and having a live donor (P=0.02) were independent risk factors associated with recurrence. Median graft survival was significantly better for live donor compared with deceased donor grafts (14.8 versus 12.1 years; P<0.01). Disease recurrence predicted poor graft outcomes, with 52% (95% confidence interval, 40% to 63%) 5-year graft survival in the recurrence group compared with 83% (95% confidence interval, 79% to 86%) in the group without recurrent disease (P<0.001).

Conclusions

FSGS recurrence after kidney transplantation was more common in live donor kidneys. Despite this, graft survival in live donor recipients was significantly better for both children and adults with FSGS. We propose that live donor transplantation should not be avoided in patients with FSGS.
Importância das vacinas sintéticas contra o carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus
Authors: Carvalho Gabriel Domingos , Peconick Ana Paula , Vargas Marlene Isabel , Patarroyo Joaquín Hernán
Published: October 2016

Rhipicephalus microplus, from an economic standpoint, is the most important parasite of cattle herds in Central and South America and Australia, it causes severe direct and indirect losses in animal production. Control of this parasite rests primarily on the use of acaricides drugs that are responsible for the selection of resistant of populations and cause contamination with residues in meat, dairy products and in the environment. This creates a need to the development of alternative, safe and efficient control, which may act in an integrated manner. Advances in molecular biology techniques have driven several lines of research in veterinary parasitology, particularly in vaccine development. Vaccines derived from the intestinal glycoprotein of R. microplus, the Bm86, have broad potential as a non-chemical control of ticks. The synthetic peptide SBm7462®, a synthetic vaccine derivative of the Bm86, has demonstrated its effectiveness in inducing the immune response of animals immunized with it.
Oxidação lipídica em filés de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) defumados com alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis)
Authors: Fogaça Fabíola Helena dos Santos , Vieira Sidely Gil Alves , Araújo Thais Danyelle Santos , Santos-Filho Luiz Gonzaga Alves dos , Magalhães João Avelar , Costa Newton de Lucena
Published: October 2016

The tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is a higher produced native species of fish in Brazil. His flesh has excellent flavor and juiciness due to the presence of high levels of lipids in their composition. This characteristic makes their fillets more susceptible to oxidative reactions that damage lipids, producing taste and odor of rancidity. Natural compounds with antioxidant properties like rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) are used to prevent oxidation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of rosemary addition on lipid oxidation and composition of smoked fillets of tambaqui stored at 10ºC. A completely randomized design with six levels of rosemary addition (zero, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.6%/kg of fillet) and two times of lipid oxidation evaluation (I and II) was used. The fillets were subjected to a brine containing rosemary, as treatments. The fillets were salted for 20 minutes and smoked during 4 hours. The composition was determined by standard methodology and lipid oxidation by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the results were expressed as mg of malonaldehyde / kg of fillet, according to the standard curve y = 0.272 x - 0.200 (R² = 0.991). There was significant increase in moisture (P0.05) between treatments. It concludes that the addition of rosemary in brine before smoking, until 1.6% level was not effective in controlling lipid oxidation in fillets of tambaqui. Other levels should be tested to determine an optimal value.
Desenvolvimento corporal, avaliações de carcaça e lipedimia de caprinos machos alimentados com grão de linhaça na dieta
Authors: Moraes Gentil Vanini de , Fück Egon José , Gomes Marco Antonio Bensimon , Macedo Francisco de Assis Fonseca de , Castro Pedro Luiz , Mataveli Marcela
Published: October 2016

The study was carried out with objective to evaluate the effects of whole linseed addition in the diet of male goats on the development, blood and biochemical characteristics and on the Boer and Anglo-nubian males carcass. They were randomly divided in two groups balanced by breed, confined and submitted to diet with 9.5% of whole linseed and a control diet. The animals were observed from 4 to 12 months old and were evaluated on the body development, carcass yielding, feeding conversion, weight gain, biochemical levels of triglycerides, cholesterol and fractions, and on Longissimus dorsi muscle total fat, omega (ω) 3, ω-6, saturated fats, unsaturated fatty acids, ω-6/ω-3 ratio, saturated/unsaturated fats ratio were analyzed. The variables were analyzed by the BootStrap methodology. All the variables, with exception of triglycerides levels and Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), did not present differences (P>0.05). So it was concluded that whole linseed addition in the male goat diet did not promote improvement in the body development, blood biochemical variables and characteristics of carcasses.
Aspectos clínicos do flegmão intersticial bovino
Authors: Costa Deyse Naira Mascarenhas , Santos Hiocilma Perla dos , Bezerra Anderson Sobral , Silva Catarina Rafaela Alves da , Barbosa Rosvaldo Duarte , Feitosa Francisco Solano , Silva Severino Vicente da
Published: October 2016

Lameness in dairy cattle has been characterized as a disease quite prevalent and costly for developers. Reproductive problems, mastitis and foot problems are the most important diseases in the panorama of dairy farming. In this context it is noted that the incidence of this problem is quite variable, percentage reaching around 5-120% annually. This paper reports the case of a female bovine breed Girolanda, attended the Large Animal Clinic (University Veterinary Hospital-UFPI), clinical signs of discomfort during locomotion. The diagnostic techniques are described. Thirty days after the animal was restored to health. The case serves as a warning and guidance to the importance of prophylactic and therapeutic controls within dairy herds in order to promote the eradication of foot lesions in cattle.
Uma análise sobre os impactos dos rebanhos sobre o solo nas pastagens naturais
Authors: Silva Guilherme de Lira Sobral , Carneiro Maria Socorro de Souza , Cândido Magno José Duarte , Furtado Francisca Mirlanda Vasconcelos , Santos Francisco José de Seixas , Silva Maykon Sousa da , Costa Newton de Lucena , Magalhães João Avelar , Rodrigues Braz Henrique Nunes
Published: October 2016

The impact of grazing systems on soil physical properties, has been underestimated by technicians and producers. If there is a need for more information on the management and conservation of soils in pasture areas in Brazil. The objective of this review is to discuss the impact of livestock on the ground in grasslands and their consequences to the environment.
Efeito da adição da faveira (Parkia platycephala) sobre a composi
Authors: Magalhães João Avelar , Fogaça Fabíola Helena dos Santos , Costa Newton de Lucena , Rodrigues Braz Henrique Nunes , Santos Francisco José de Seixas , Araújo Neto Raimundo Bezerra de , Vaz Milena Almeida , Silva Edineudo Mourão , Bitencourt Antônio Bruno
Published: October 2016

The effect of the addition of faveira (Parkia platycephala) on pH and chemical composition in elephant grass silage (Pennisetum purpureum Schum. var. Napier) was evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments: T1 = 100% elephant grass cv. Napier, T2 = 85% elephant grass cv. Napier + 15% of faveira, T3 = 70% elephant grass Napier + 30% of faveira and T4 = 55% elephant grass Napier + 45% of faveira, with four replications. The whole plant of elephant grass, with 135 days old and 2.10 m tall was used. In the case of faveira, sample was collected  of the leaves and branches edible fraction (to the diameter of a pencil ) taken branches that were about 1.50 m of the soil for tree with approximately 14 years of age and about 10 m of height . The increasing levels of faveira in the elephant grass silage var. Napier reduced levels of ash and increased levels of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, variables that have a negative correlation with the consumption and digestibility. However, it also propitiated increases in pH and levels of crude protein and ether extract, partially improving silage quality.
Aspectos bromatológicos e parâmetros da cinética de trânsito da silagem da planta do abacaxi
Authors: Caetano Graciele Araújo de Oliveira , Caetano Júnior Messias Batista
Published: October 2016

The study was conducted in order to determine which bromatological aspect and kinetic parameters of materials from the silage from the pineapple plant . Four treatments were used: 1 - Pineapple silage compaction under 600 kg / m³ , 2 - Pineapple silage compaction under 700 kg / m³ , 3 - Pineapple silage compaction under 900 kg / m³ , 4 - Pineapple silage under compression 1000 kg / m³ . After ensiling the material from the plantation were evaluated bromatological aspects and kinetic passage of particles. For the kinetics of passage of particles was used as an indicator to mark the chromium fiber. Pass rates were determined by the recovery in the faeces of the animal. Bromatological parameters were not significant difference between treatments. Treatment with 900 kg/m3 compaction proved to be more efficient by providing a potentially digestible and consequently a higher indigestible fraction lower compared to the other treatments.
Condrossarcoma na articulação femoro-tíbio-patelar de um cão: Relato de caso
Authors: Souza Luiz Augusto de , Dias Taís Andrade , Helou Jalily Bady , Dias Bruno Sousa , Fares Nadine Bou , Mota Francisco Cláudio Dantas , Almeida Elisa Machado de , Pereira Laiz Alves , Paula e Silva Tamires de
Published: October 2016

Chondrosarcomas are malignant neoplasias with reserved to poor prognosis which can affect several domestic species as well as humans. They are more prevalent in adult dogs and large breeds originating from flat bones and appendicular skeleton in the most cases. The present report describes the clinical and radiographic findings of chondrosarcoma in the stifle joint of a Boxer dog and recommended treatment. In clinical and physical examination the dog had left pelvic limb lameness which during palpation was observed the presence of a fracture in the distal femur. The radiographic exam revealed irregular periosteal proliferation as the aforementioned fracture. Histological examination was carried out after collected fragments from lateral condyle of the femur and revealed neoplasticschondroblasts. As treatment was performed the middle femoral amputation technique. In the immediate postoperative was made a padded bandage with orthopedic cotton and bandage. The preventive monitoring for development ofmetastasis was recommended by radiographic and ultrasonographic exams.
Mandibulectomia rostral bilateral em cão portador de plasmocitoma extramedular oral: relato de caso
Authors: Vasconcellos Marcel , Vidal Leonardo Waldstein de Moura
Published: October 2016

The extramedullary plasmacytoma is considered a benign neoplasm. In dogs located mainly in the skin, oral cavity and digestive tract. His conclusive diagnosis is made ​​through histopathology. This paper reports a case of a female of 4 year old, the French Bulldog breed, which has developed a non- ulcerated mass of firm consistency, pinkish, measuring about two inches in diameter in the rostral region of the mandible involving the lower left canine and incisor adjacent. The radiographs showed an osteolytic lesion in mandibular alveolar and mandibular body in its rostral face of the left hemi-face, beyond the rostral displacement of the teeth. Surgical treatment was performed through bilateral rostral mandibulectomy, and then assessed the status of the surgical margin, which showed no tumor indications. The animal underwent adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin 300 mg / m², given the possibility suggested invasion of the mandibular canal. The patient is healthy, since June/2013, showing no recurrence, new tumor, or even evidence of metastasis, to date.
Determinação de zearalenona em farinha de milho
Authors: Cardoso Filho Francisco das Chagas , Calvet Rodrigo Maciel , Caldas Mikaela Lopes de , Costa Amilton Paulo Raposo , Pereira Maria Marlúcia Gomes , Rosa Carlos Alberto da Rocha , Ferreira Marcos Daniel de Sousa , Muratori Maria Christina Sanches
Published: October 2016

The aim of this was to survey the occurrence of zearalenone in a product from corn intended for consumption in the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Thirty samples of corn flour were used from six different brands sold in supermarkets of this city. The collection was conducted between January and March 2009. From the samples was performed the analysis of zearalenone by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The presence of zearalenone was not detected in none of the samples. However, it is worth to emphasize that the non-detection of zearalenone can not eliminate the possibility of its presence in the samples derived from corn, once the TLC has certain limit of zearalenone detection.
Computation of Zagreb and atom-bond connectivity indices of certain families of dendrimers by using automorphism group action
Authors: Ahmad Uzma , Ahmad Sarfraz , Yousaf Rabia
Published: October 2016

In QSAR/QSPR studies, topological indices are utilized to predict the bioactivity of chemical compounds. In this paper, the closed forms of different Zagreb indices and atom?bond connectivity indices of regular dendrimers G[n] and H[n] in terms of a given parameter n are determined by using the automorphism group action. It was reported that these connectivity indices are correlated with some physicochemical properties and are used to measure the level of branching of the molecular carbon-atom skeleton.