bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary game theoretical approach for reducing carbon emissions in a complex supply chain organization
Authors: Bao Zongke , Wang Chengfang , Innab Nisreen , Mouldi Abir , Ciano Tiziana , Ahmadian Ali
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Our research explores the intricate behavior of low-carbon supply chain organizations in an ever-evolving landscape, emphasizing the profound implications of government-mandated low-carbon policies and the growing low-carbon market. Central to our exploration is applying a combined game theory model, merging Evolutionary Game Theory (EGT) with the Shapley Value Cooperative Game Theory Approach (SVCGTA).

Design/methodology/approach

We establish a two-tier supply chain featuring retailers and manufacturers within this novel framework. We leverage an integrated approach, combining strategic Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperative Game Theory, to conduct an in-depth analysis of four distinct low-carbon strategy combinations for retailers and manufacturers.

Findings

The implications of our findings transcend theoretical boundaries and resonate with a trinity of economic, environmental and societal interests. Our research goes beyond theoretical constructs to consider real-world impacts, including the influence of changes in government low-carbon policies, the dynamics of consumer sensitivities and the strategic calibration of retailer carbon financing incentives and subsidies on the identified ESS. Notably, our work highlights that governments can effectively incentivize organizations to reduce carbon emissions by adopting a more flexible approach, such as regulating carbon prices, rather than imposing rigid carbon caps.

Originality/value

Our comprehensive analysis reveals the emergence of an Evolutionary Stability Strategy (ESS) that evolves in sync with the phases of low-carbon technology development. During the initial stages, our research suggests that manufacturers or retailers adopt low-carbon behavior as the optimal approach.
The role of strategic communication and sensemaking in implementing management innovation
Authors: Kimura Takuma
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study explores the dynamics of implementing management innovation, focusing on a case of innovation in human resource management within a large Japanese firm. It aims to understand how innovators perceive and react to employees’ evolving responses to management innovation and how these perceptions and reactions influence innovation implementation.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employed a single-case study design because it was suitable for exploring complex phenomena within their real-life context. It involved an in-depth analysis of a firm undergoing management innovation through participant observation, interviews and analysis of company documents.

Findings

The study identified a multi-phase process of management innovation at the research site, characterized by initial resistance followed by gradual acceptance of the innovation. Innovators’ strategies to manage and respond to employee feedback and adaptation of the innovation process were crucial in the eventual acceptance of management innovations. Despite achieving a degree of acceptance, cultural and structural challenges persisted, highlighting the complex interplay between innovation, organizational culture and employee responses.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the management innovation literature by illuminating the intricate dynamics of implementing management innovation. It extends existing theories of innovation implementation by demonstrating the significance of managing recipient perceptions through strategic communication and the importance of cultural and contextual sensitivities in management innovation.
Laser-inertial tightly coupled SLAM system for indoor degraded environments
Authors: Li Sen , Guan He , Ma Xiaofei , Liu Hezhao , Zhang Dan , Wu Zeqi , Li Huaizhou
Published: October 2024

Purpose

To address the issues of low localization and mapping accuracy, as well as map ghosting and drift, in indoor degraded environments using light detection and ranging-simultaneous localization and mapping (LiDAR SLAM), a real-time localization and mapping system integrating filtering and graph optimization theory is proposed. By incorporating filtering algorithms, the system effectively reduces localization errors and environmental noise. In addition, leveraging graph optimization theory, it optimizes the poses and positions throughout the SLAM process, further enhancing map accuracy and consistency. The purpose of this study resolves common problems such as map ghosting and drift, thereby achieving more precise real-time localization and mapping results.

Design/methodology/approach

The system consists of three main components: point cloud data preprocessing, tightly coupled inertial odometry based on filtering and backend pose graph optimization. First, point cloud data preprocessing uses the random sample consensus algorithm to segment the ground and extract ground model parameters, which are then used to construct ground constraint factors in backend optimization. Second, the frontend tightly coupled inertial odometry uses iterative error-state Kalman filtering, where the LiDAR odometry serves as observations and the inertial measurement unit preintegration results as predictions. By constructing a joint function, filtering fusion yields a more accurate LiDAR-inertial odometry. Finally, the backend incorporates graph optimization theory, introducing loop closure factors, ground constraint factors and odometry factors from frame-to-frame matching as constraints. This forms a factor graph that optimizes the map’s poses. The loop closure factor uses an improved scan-text-based loop closure detection algorithm for position recognition, reducing the rate of environmental misidentification.

Findings

A SLAM system integrating filtering and graph optimization technique has been proposed, demonstrating improvements of 35.3%, 37.6% and 40.8% in localization and mapping accuracy compared to ALOAM, lightweight and ground optimized lidar odometry and mapping and LiDAR inertial odometry via smoothing and mapping, respectively. The system exhibits enhanced robustness in challenging environments.

Originality/value

This study introduces a frontend laser-inertial odometry tightly coupled filtering method and a backend graph optimization method improved by loop closure detection. This approach demonstrates superior robustness in indoor localization and mapping accuracy.
AEBP1 restores osteoblastic differentiation under dexamethasone treatment by activating PI3K/AKT signalling
Authors: Jin Rilong , Li Chen , Yang Yute , Xie Jie
Published: October 2024

Adipocyte enhancer‐binding protein 1 (AEBP1) is closely implicated in osteoblastic differentiation and bone fracture; this research aimed to investigate the effect of AEBP1 on restoring osteoblastic differentiation under dexamethasone (Dex) treatment, and its interaction with the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. Pre‐osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells were cultured in osteogenic medium and treated by Dex to mimic steroid‐induced osteonecrosis cellular model. They were then further transfected with control or AEBP1‐overexpressed lentiviral vectors. Finally, cells were treated with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, with or without AEBP1‐overexpressed lentiviral vectors. AEBP1 expression showed a downward trend in MC3T3‐E1 cells under Dex treatment in a dose‐dependent manner. AEBP1‐overexpressed lentiviral vectors increased relative cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin red staining and osteoblastic differentiation markers including osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), but decreased cell apoptosis rate in MC3T3‐E1 cells under Dex treatment; besides, AEBP1‐overexpressed lentiviral vectors positively regulated p‐PI3K and p‐AKT expressions. Furthermore, LY294002 treatment decreased relative cell viability, Alizarin red staining, osteoblastic differentiation markers including OCN, OPN, RUNX2 and BMP, increased cell apoptosis rate and did not affect ALP staining in MC3T3‐E1 cells under Dex treatment; meanwhile, LY294002 treatment weakened the effect of AEBP1 overexpression vectors on the above cell functions. AEBP1 restores osteoblastic differentiation under Dex treatment by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Influence of genetic and environmental factors on the success of endosymbiont transfers in pest aphids
Authors: Gu Xinyue , Ross Perran A. , Yang Qiong , Gill Alex , Umina Paul A. , Hoffmann Ary A.
Published: October 2024

There is increasing interest in exploring how endosymbionts could be useful in pest control, including in aphids, which can carry a diversity of endosymbionts. Endosymbionts often have a large impact on host traits, and their presence can be self‐sustaining. Identifying useful host‐endosymbiont combinations for pest control is facilitated by the transfer of specific endosymbionts into target species, particularly if the species lacks the endosymbiont. Here, we complete a comprehensive literature review, which included 56 relevant papers on endosymbiont transfer experiments in aphids, to uncover factors that might influence transfer success. We then report on our own microinjection attempts of diverse facultative endosymbionts from a range of donor species into three agriculturally important aphid species as recipients: the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), bird cherry‐oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), and Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia). Combining this information, we consider reasons that impact the successful establishment of lines carrying transferred endosymbionts. These include a lack of stability in donors, deleterious effects on host fitness, the absence of plant‐based (versus vertical) transmission, high genetic variation in the endosymbiont, and susceptibility of an infection to environmental factors. Taking these factors into account should help in increasing success rates in future introductions.
Barriers to effective learning for students with visual impairments at an inclusive‐education university in Nigeria
Authors: Nwosu Kingsley Chinaza , Orizu Chiamaka , Obiozor William Emeka , Apiti Anthony A.
Published: October 2024

The research investigated the obstacles faced by undergraduates with visual impairments while studying at a Nigerian university striving to establish an inclusive learning environment for students with disabilities. The aim was to generate empirical evidence that can inform policies at the university and other similar institutions. The research is anchored in Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, and a qualitative descriptive research design was employed. Using purposive sampling, 11 (male = 7; female = 4) undergraduate students living with blindness were recruited. Data were collected using semi‐structured interviews and subjected to inductive data analysis. It was found that students encounter various challenges, emanating from peers, lecturers, the university and their families. The results demonstrate how different contexts influence the learning outcomes of students with visual impairments, warranting more comprehensive intervention programmes.
Preserving Essential Skills: The Future of Vaginal Hysterectomy Training in Urogynaecology
Authors: Rotem Reut , Carey Michael O. , McCarthy Claire M. , O'Reilly Barry A. , Daykan Yair , O'Sullivan Orfhlaith E.
Published: October 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the training and self‐assessed proficiency of surgeons in the surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We focused on the factors that influence decision‐making, the surgical techniques employed, the training received, and the management of complications.

Design

A cross‐sectional survey.

Setting

An electronic questionnaire.

Population

European Urogynaecological Association (EUGA) and International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) members.

Methods

A total of 33 questions evaluating surgeon preference regarding vaginal surgeries.

Main Outcome Measures

Demographics, surgical selection, proficiency and technique, and training methods.

Results

There were 471 respondents, of which 273 (58%) dedicated more than 50% of their week to urogynaecology. 250 (53%) had completed a fellowship, with 215 (86%) of those fellowships being in urogynaecology and pelvic floor reconstruction. A preference for hysterectomy in cases of uterine descent was noted by 297 (63%) respondents, influenced mainly by patient preference, age, and prolapse anatomical score. A total of 443 (94%) were proficient in vaginal hysterectomy, with two‐thirds performing 30 or fewer procedures annually; 212 (45%) reporting a decrease in the number of procedures over the last decade. Additionally, 373 (79%) respondents believed that 10–30 cases were needed to achieve and maintain proficiency.

Conclusion

Vaginal hysterectomy remains a key component in uterine prolapse repair. However, with the rise of uterine‐sparing prolapse repairs, the decision‐making process may be influenced by multiple factors, including surgical training. Emphasis should be placed on training and maintaining proficiency in both traditional and novel techniques.
Did Belgium withstand the storm of rising inequalities? Income inequality in Belgium, 1985–2020
Authors: Capéau Bart , Decoster André , De Rock Bram , Vanderkelen Jonas
Published: October 2024

Belgium exhibits a rather constant level of income inequality during the last decades, contrary to Germany, the United States and some Nordic countries, which have all faced substantial increases in inequality. We use the available income surveys from 1985 to 2020 to describe the evolution of income inequality by means of the Gini index. Earnings inequality has slightly decreased in the last two decades, at least if one takes into account the impact of the substantial increase in employment of, especially, older people and women. Though the education gap in earnings is widening, the rapid increase in (mostly female) education may have a dampening effect on earnings inequality. The income surveys largely underestimate financial capital incomes. Moreover, by definition, these do not cover undistributed profits of the corporate sector. When correcting for this, it turns out that pre‐tax factor income inequality increased substantially between 2009 and 2016. The redistributive role of the welfare state through taxes has increased, while redistribution through the social security system exhibited a more irregular course. While there has been an increase in assortative matching in the last two decades, its impact on the evolution of income inequality is unclear.
To be or not to be (employed): two decades of fluctuating earnings and income inequality in Spain
Authors: Anghel Brindusa , Hospido Laura , Ortega Julio , Regil Ana V.
Published: October 2024

This paper offers a descriptive overview of the evolution of individual earnings and household income inequality in Spain over the last two decades. During this period, there has been a noteworthy increase in the level of education of the working‐age population (aged 25–60) along with a rise in female labour force participation. Substantial changes have also occurred in household size and composition, with reductions in marriage and cohabitation, in particular among lower‐educated groups. These changes have a direct impact on the distribution of individual earnings and household income and, therefore, the evolution of inequality. Fluctuations in inequality, however, primarily moved with the business cycle. After a period of decreasing inequality during the mid‐1990s expansion, the 2008 global financial crisis led to sharp rises in both earnings and income inequality that peaked around 2014. After that, both unemployment and inequality decreased, except for the transitory surge during the COVID‐19 pandemic. By 2022, inequality indicators have almost returned to pre‐2008 levels.
Changing inequalities in Europe and North America: part two
Authors: Banks James , Blundell Richard , Bozio Antoine , Cribb Jonathan , Green David , Ziliak James P.
Published: October 2024

This special issue is the second in a two‐part series on the evolution of labour market and disposable income inequalities over recent decades in 17 high‐income countries in Europe and North America. In this Introduction, we provide additional background for the cross‐country project, which has been conducted in parallel to the wider IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities. We briefly summarise the key trends and findings of the papers that cover five Western European countries and four Southern European countries, and a companion paper on the role of education and intergenerational mobility across all 17 countries.
Citizens’ perceptions of online abuse directed at politicians: Evidence from a survey experiment
Authors: PETERSEN NIELS BJØRN GRUND , PEDERSEN RASMUS TUE , THAU MADS
Published: October 2024

Online abuse is becoming an increasingly pressing issue for democratic societies. Citizens play an important role in curtailing abuse as they often moderate online content through counter speech and by reporting abusive messages. However, we know little about when citizens actually perceive negative comments directed at politicians as being abusive, and the factors shaping these perceptions are also understudied. In this study, we therefore investigate how citizens perceive criticism, insults, threats and sexist remarks directed at politicians on social media. Based on a survey experiment with 2,000 Danish citizens, we show that citizens’ assessments of the abusiveness of such remarks are not only affected by the content of the messages, but also by political ideology, political trust and gender. Surprisingly, partisanship does not seem to substantively affect perceptions of abuse. Our study provides novel insights into what exactly citizens consider to be abusive behaviour on social media.
EarthRanger: An open‐source platform for ecosystem monitoring, research and management
Authors: Wall Jake , Lefcourt Jes , Jones Chris , Doehring Chris , O'Neill Dan , Schneider Dennis , Steward Jordan , Krautwurst Joshua , Wong Tiffany , Jones Bruce , Goodfellow Karen , Schmitt Ted , Gobush Kathleen , Douglas‐Hamilton Iain , Pope Frank , Schmidt Eric , Palmer Jonathan , Stokes Emma , Reid Andrea , Elbroch L. Mark , Kulits Peter , Villeneuve Catherine , Matsanza Victor , Clinning Geoff , van Oort Jordi , Denninger Snyder Kristen , Peter Daati Alina , Gold Wesley , Cunliffe Stephen , Craig Batian , Cork Barry , Burden Grant , Goss Marc , Hahn Nathan , Carroll Sarah , Gitonga Eric , Rao Ray , Stabach Jared A. , Dulude‐de Broin Frédéric , Omondi Patrick , Wittemyer George
Published: October 2024

Effective approaches are needed to conserve the planet's remaining wildlife and wilderness landscapes, especially concerning global biodiversity conservation targets. Here, we present a new software system called EarthRanger: an open‐source platform built to help monitor, research and manage ecosystems.

EarthRanger consists of seven main components (Core Server, API, Storage, Gundi, Web App, Mobile App, Ecoscope) that provide functionality for data (i) aggregation & collection, (ii) storage & management, (iii) real‐time and post hoc analysis, (iv) visualisation and (v) dissemination. The mobile application provides field‐based data recording and visualisation tools. EarthRanger may be deployed for single project use or can aggregate across multiple geographies as a centralised hub. EarthRanger can be used to collect standardised tracking data (e.g. from wildlife collars, vehicles and ranger patrols) and configurable event information (e.g. a singular recording with associated user‐defined attribute information such as a wildlife sighting or encounter with a poacher).

Since development began in 2015, the platform has (at the time of writing) been deployed at over 500 sites across 70 countries and with myriad configurations and objectives. EarthRanger has improved the ability to monitor data feeds and manage conservation‐related operations in real time. For instance, the deployment of EarthRanger by African Parks has led to the removal of over 50,000 snares, steady population growth of key species of concern and near cessation of poaching. In Liwonde's protected area, enhanced mitigation efforts supported by EarthRanger reduced the number of deaths from wildlife conflict by more than 91%. EarthRanger is also providing a platform to enhance standardisation, aggregation, transfer and long‐term storage of ecological information and promote collaboration between groups conducting protected area management and ecology and biodiversity research.
Geographical indications and welfare: Evidence from US wine demand
Authors: Chandra Raj , Moschini GianCarlo , Lade Gabriel E.
Published: October 2024

A systematic component of wine quality is believed to depend on the geoclimatic factors of its production conditions. This belief has long motivated the development of geographical indications for wines. American viticulture areas (AVAs) represent the most common geographic identifier firms use to differentiate their products in the United States. In this paper we contribute new empirical evidence on the effectiveness and impact of GIs by studying consumers' valuation of US wine appellations within a structural model of wine demand. The model is rooted in the discrete‐choice framework, under the basic premise that observable information concerning wine attributes is credible and key to consumers' choices. Specifically, we develop a two‐level, nested‐logit model featuring many wine products and characteristics—including wine type, brands, and varietals, in addition to geographic origin. The model is estimated using NielsenIQ Consumer Panel data over the 2007–2019 period. We find that US consumers place a relatively high value on wines' geographic origins, distinct from the value of brand and varietal information, as documented by their marginal willingness to pay estimates. Furthermore, a counterfactual experiment shows significant welfare impacts from information about the geographic origin of wines. Over the period of interest, the welfare gain attributable to US geographic origin designation is estimated at about $5.37 billion, with wine producers and retailers capturing ~78% of this surplus. Virtually all consumer welfare gains are due to product differentiation and increased product variety enabled by information about the wine's origin.
Utilisation of Anthropogenic Landscapes by Bird Communities in West African Drylands
Authors: Magaji Aisha Sani , Rabiu Safianu
Published: October 2024

The increasing demand for food and settlement in response to human population explosion is an issue of major concern recently. Conservation planning for biodiversity in anthropogenic landscapes is crucial given the dramatic changes within landscapes with human population growth; and understanding how avian species utilise such landscapes is especially important. This study investigated the impacts of vegetation structure and human activities on avian diversity; it also explored the stability of bird communities in northern Nigeria. We collected bird count, vegetation and anthropogenic data from four study sites over a period of 1 year. A total of 168 species were recorded. Vegetation variables were significant predictors of species abundance and richness, while human activities exerted little effect on them. Community stability varied considerably among the study sites, and a positive covariance and asynchronous relationship were observed among species. Since the drylands of northern Nigeria provide a refuge for many bird species, the protection and monitoring of this landscape are critical in order to cope with the management needs of avian communities.
Smack‐talking and tinder swiping: Social creativity and CSR in specialty coffee
Authors: Dillon Pamala J.
Published: October 2024

Prior research reveals member perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) positively influence organizational identification (OID) via self‐assessment mechanisms supporting self‐enhancement and self‐consistency, generally positioning CSR as a positive aspect of organizational identity, highlighting organizational attractiveness, members' value congruence, and other favorable CSR perspectives. Exploring how CSR is used in OID, this qualitative case comparison reveals how negative perceptions of CSR may also contribute positively to OID by identifying specific social creativity tactics used by members. Social aggression along the organizational identity dimension of CSR provides the stimulus for members to revalue the importance of CSR during OID. Using the lenses of social identity theory and organizational identity, interviews with members of four specialty coffee roasting companies were conducted, investigating members' understanding of CSR in the context of organizational identification. Phronetic iterative analysis and cross‐case comparison reveal that CSR may be a central or peripheral dimension of organizational identity, influencing OID through both positive and negative perceptions of CSR.
Evaluating the capability of ChatGPT in predicting drug–drug interactions: Real‐world evidence using hospitalized patient data
Authors: Radha Krishnan Ramya Padmavathy , Hung Euniss Hinyo , Ashford Megan , Edillo Clark Ethan , Gardner Charlise , Hatrick Hector Blake , Kim Byungjun , Lai Angel Wing Yan , Li Xinran , Zhao Yvonne Xinyi , Raubenheimer Jacques Eugene
Published: October 2024

Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) present a significant health burden, compounded by clinician time constraints and poor patient health literacy. We assessed the ability of ChatGPT (generative artificial intelligence‐based large language model) to predict DDIs in a real‐world setting. Demographics, diagnoses and prescribed medicines for 120 hospitalized patients were input through three standardized prompts to ChatGPT version 3.5 and compared against pharmacist DDI evaluation to estimate diagnostic accuracy. Area under receiver operating characteristic and inter‐rater reliability (Cohen's and Fleiss' kappa coefficients) were calculated. ChatGPT's responses differed based on prompt wording style, with higher sensitivity for prompts mentioning ‘drug interaction’. Confusion matrices displayed low true positive and high true negative rates, and there was minimal agreement between ChatGPT and pharmacists (Cohen's kappa values 0.077–0.143). Low sensitivity values suggest a lack of success in identifying DDIs by ChatGPT, and further development is required before it can reliably assess potential DDIs in real‐world scenarios.
Addressing the COVID‐induced healthcare backlog: How can we balance the interests of people and nature?
Authors: Pratt Bridget
Published: October 2024

The COVID‐19 pandemic created healthcare backlogs of routine primary and preventive care, elective procedures, dental care, and mental healthcare appointments across the world. So far, governments are responding by enacting pandemic recovery policies that expand their healthcare sector activity, without much, if any, consideration of its effects on the environmental crisis that is (among other things) worsening human health and health equity. This paper argues that, as a matter of health and social justice, governments have an ethical responsibility to equitably reduce the backlog with minimal environmental damage. To do so, a first key action is to give priority to policy options that minimise negative human impacts on the environment. Yet these policies alone will not be sufficient to address the backlog, particularly in relation to elective procedures. The paper therefore contends that a second key action for governments is to enact the policy options that are best able to equitably reduce the remainder of the backlog, while accelerating the transition to sustainable health care in ways that are best able to reduce the specific environmental costs of those policy options. It concludes by considering whether limits apply to governments' ethical responsibilities that ultimately mean accelerating the transition to sustainable health care is not required when addressing the backlog.
Clinical research vehicles as a modality for medical research education and conduct of decentralized trials, supporting justice, equity, and diversity in research
Authors: Moore Kenneth T.
Published: October 2024

Current clinical research lacks diversity in those that participate. This lack of diversity is concerning given its importance for successful drug development. The frequency and severity of many diseases, along with the pharmacological properties of therapies, can display significant differences based on patient diversity. A clinical trial population that is more reflective of these differences will help researchers better understand the therapeutic profile of the treatment and provide generalizable knowledge to the medical community. The advent of decentralized clinical trial designs is meant to help address this lack of diversity by using portable digital health technologies and virtual interactions to enhance clinical trial access and broaden participation. By leveraging these technologies, trial conduct can occur at locations other than traditional research sites. This shift in trial location may help address some of the logistical, educational, engagement, and trust barriers that have historically prevented enrollment of diverse populations. However, these types of trials still have limitations. Ethical concerns around justice, equity, and diversity will still exist with decentralized clinical trials, which could be mediated using clinical research vehicles. When utilized, this modality may enhance the scientific design and conduct of clinical trials and better follow these ethical principles. These enhancements and improved ethical direction could be accomplished through increasing community involvement, improving health literacy, supporting more diverse trial sites, creating community‐based research footholds, fostering connections with researchers, limiting technical challenges, and preventing data security issues.
Shades of green deception—An empirical examination into the consequences of greenwashing of innovations
Authors: Janz Franziska , Jordanow Slawka , Heidenreich Sven , Schäfer Juliane
Published: October 2024

The urgency to launch sustainable innovations rapidly in competitive markets increases the risk of greenwashing, as companies may overstate their products' environmental benefits. This article sheds light on the potential repercussions of deceptive sustainability claims within the realm of product innovations. Using four scenario‐based experiments, this study reveals that exposure of greenwashing damages brand perception, a critical factor in the diffusion of innovations, even more than if products lacked green attributes at all. Findings from mediation analyses reveal that these reactions stem from negative disconfirmations, arising from a perceived discrepancy between expected sustainability and quality beliefs and the product's failure to meet these expectations. Moreover, this research deepens our understanding of greenwashing by providing the first empirical evidence that the intensity and focus of greenwashing activities on core components of product innovations significantly exacerbate the adverse effects. Overall, our study not only replicates findings on the detrimental effects of greenwashing in product innovation contexts but also advances the theoretical understanding by identifying the psychological processes behind these effects and their variations with greenwashing intensity and focus. In doing so, results advocate for a shift from a one‐dimensional, uniformly perspective to a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between greenwashing intensity and focus on consumer responses. From a practical perspective, the results underscore the risks of greenwashing in sustainable innovation contexts and emphasize the crucial role of transparency and authenticity in sustainability claims.
Overview of mechanism of electroacupuncture pretreatment for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
Authors: Zeng Jiaming , Cao Jiaojiao , Yang Haitao , Wang Xue , Liu Tingting , Chen Zhihan , Shi Fangyuan , Xu Zhifang , Lin Xiaowei
Published: October 2024

Cardio‐cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is a serious threat to huma strategy to prevent the occurrence and development of disease by giving electroacupuncture intervention before the disease occurs. EAP has been shown in many preclinical studies to relieve ischemic symptoms and improve damage from ischemia–reperfusion, with no comprehensive review of its mechanisms in cardiovascular disease yet. In this paper, we first systematically discussed the meridian and acupoint selection law of EAP for CCVD and focused on the progress of the mechanism of action of EAP for the prevention and treatment of CCVD. As a result, in preclinical studies, AMI and MCAO models are commonly used to simulate ischemic injury in CCVD, while MIRI and CI/RI models are used to simulate reperfusion injury caused by blood flow recovery after focal tissue ischemia. According to the meridian matching rules of EAP for CCVD, PC6 in the pericardial meridian is the most commonly used acupoint in cardiovascular diseases, while GV20 in the Du meridian is the most commonly used acupoint in cerebrovascular diseases. In terms of intervention parameters, EAP intervention generally lasts for 30 min, with acupuncture depths mostly between 1.5 and 5 mm, stimulation intensities mostly at 1 mA, and commonly used frequencies being low frequencies. In terms of molecular mechanisms, the key pathways of EAP in preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are partially similar. EAP can play a protective role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by promoting autophagy, regulating Ca2+ overload, and promoting vascular regeneration through anti‐inflammatory reactions, antioxidant stress, and anti‐apoptosis. Of course, both pathways involved have their corresponding specificities. When using EAP to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases, it involves the metabolic pathway of glutamate, while when using EAP to prevent and treat cerebrovascular diseases, it involves the homeostasis of the blood–brain barrier and the release of neurotransmitters and nutritional factors. I hope these data can provide experimental basis and reference for the clinical promotion and application of EAP in CCVD treatment.
Technical risk factors for benign anastomotic strictures in colorectal and/or coloanal anastomosis: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Garoufalia Zoe , Meknarit Sarinya , Emile Sameh Hany , Gefen Rachel , Horesh Nir , Zhou Peige , Rogers Peter , DaSilva Giovanna , Wexner Steven D.
Published: October 2024

Aim

Anastomotic stricture occurs in up to 30% of colorectal resections; however, evidence on risk factors and preventive measures remains scarce. This study aimed to identify technical factors responsible for increasing the risk for colorectal and coloanal anastomotic strictures.

Method

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with anastomotic stricture who underwent resection and/or redo anastomosis between January 1, 2011 and August 1, 2021 in a tertiary referral centre. Patients with anastomotic stricture were compared with an equal number of randomly selected patients without anastomotic complications, who were operated on during the same time period. The main outcome measures were technical risk factors of anastomotic stricture.

Results

Each group included 50 patients who were similar for age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, distance of anastomosis to the dentate line and indication for surgery. Median follow‐up was significantly longer in the non‐stricture group (38.6 months vs. 12.6 months, p = 0.04). Splenic flexure mobilization [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.18 [2], 95% CI: 0.08–0.39, p < 0.001], high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery (HR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.09–0.5, p < 0.001) and high ligation of the inferior mesenteric vein (HR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.09–0.50, p < 0.001) were associated with a lower likelihood of anastomotic stricture. Conversely, use of a 25‐mm‐diameter circular stapler (HR = 22.69, 95% CI: 2.69‐191.10, p < 0.001), clinically significant anastomotic leak (HR = 3.94, 95% CI: 2.04–7.64, p < 0.001), firing the stapler more than once for rectal division (HR = 24.75, 95% CI: 6.85–89.38, p < 0.001) and diverting stoma (HR = 3.087, 95% CI: 1.736–5.491, p < 0.0001) were predictive of an anastomotic stricture.

Conclusion

Failure to mobilize the splenic flexure and to perform high ligation of the inferior mesenteric vessels were associated with higher odds of anastomotic stricture. A small‐diameter circular stapler and multiple distal stapler firings were also associated with anastomotic stricture. These data support routine splenic flexure ligation and high ligation of the inferior mesenteric vessels as well as avoidance of both multiple  stapler firings for rectal transection and a 25‐mm circular stapler for anastomosis.
Extraction of flavonoid dyes from vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) waste and application in bleached pulp dyeing
Authors: Liu Tingting , Xiao Jian , Wang Wenjie , Chu Qiulu , Wang Qiong , Liu Chenghang , Wu Shufang
Published: October 2024

Natural dyes are receiving more attention due to wide and renewable resources and their functionalities. This study delved into the optimal conditions for extracting Ampelopsis grossedentata flavonoid dyes (AGFDs) from vine tea waste, resulting in a dye sample with a total flavonoid extraction percentage of 27.4 %. Ultraviolet (UV), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis revealed the presence of 18 flavonoids in AGFD. Additionally, various factors, including pH, light exposure, temperature, metal ions, and redox agents were found to impact the stability of AGFD. Moreover, the dyeing performance of AGFD for the bleached chemical pulp was investigated. Under optimal conditions, the AGFD‐dyed pulp displayed a vibrant yellow hue and excellent colour fastness when using aluminum potassium sulphate dodecahydrate (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O) as a mordant with a dyeing uptake level up to 88 %. FTIR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis demonstrated that AGFD chemically bound to the pulp fibre. Remarkably, the hand sheet made from the AGFD‐dyed pulp exhibited thermal stability, physical strength properties and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the peroxide value of cheese packaged with the AGFD‐dyed pulp hand sheet was only 43 % of that of the undyed one, indicating its good antioxidant properties. This study highlights the promising potential of AGFD in the production of functional coloured paper.
A Meta‐Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Plus Chemotherapy for Resectable Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sun Xinru , Kang Tianhua , Liu Baodong , Zhang Yin , Huang Guangming
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy has ushered in a new era for surgical treatment for patients with NSCLC. This study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in NSCLC.

Methods

Eligible studies were identified from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and conference meeting abstracts. The endpoints included major pathological response (MPR), complete pathological response (pCR), surgical resection rate, R0 resection, treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs), severe adverse events (SAEs), surgical complications, treatment discontinuation, surgical delay, and treatment‐related death. Stata 18 software was used for statistical analysis, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Twenty‐two studies including a total of 1108 patients were eligible for this study.

Results

Among the patients who received neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy, the pooled MPR rate was 51% (95% CI [0.44–0.58]), and pCR rate was 34% (95% CI [0.28–0.40]). The pooled surgical resection rate was 85% (95% CI [0.81–0.89]), and the pooled R0 rate was 94% (95% CI [0.91–0.96]). The pooled rate of pathological tumor downstaging was 84% (95% CI [0.79–0.88]), and the pooled rate of pathological nodal downstaging was 38% (95% CI [0.23–0.57]). During the treatment of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy with or without surgery, the pooled rate of TRAEs (any grade) was 84% (95% CI [0.73–0.91]), and the pooled rate of SAEs was 29% (95% CI [0.21–0.38]). Surgical complications pooled rate was 25% (95% CI [0.14–0.41]). The pooled rate of treatment discontinuation (11%, 95% CI [0.09–0.13]), surgical delay (3%, 95% CI [0.02–0.05]), and treatment‐related death (2%, 95% CI [0.02–0.03]) were conducted.

Conclusion

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy provides a high pathological response, surgical resection rate, R0 resection rate, and pathological downstage rate and has a low risk of increasing the incidence of SAEs, surgical complications, treatment discontinuation, surgical delay, and treatment‐related death. The validation of prospective and large sample studies is needed to confirm this conclusion.
Association of metabolic score for visceral fat with all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Jia Shanshan , Huo Xingwei , Zuo Xianghao , Zhao Liming , Liu Lu , Sun Lirong , Chen Xiaoping
Published: October 2024

Aim

Our study aimed to evaluate the association between the metabolic score for visceral fat (METS‐VF) and mortality.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study comprising 11,120 participants. We employed weighted multivariable Cox regression analysis to assess the relationship between METS‐VF and mortality. Restricted cubic spline analyses were used to investigate potential non‐linear associations. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of METS‐VF and other obesity‐related indicators for mortality. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to confirm the robustness of the results. Mendelian randomization analysis was utilized to assess potential causality.

Results

Over a median follow‐up duration of 83 months, a total of 1014 all‐cause deaths, 301 cardiovascular deaths, and 262 cancer deaths occurred. For every 0.2‐unit increase in METS‐VF, the hazard ratios(HRs) of all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality were 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.20], 1.18 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.31), and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.25), respectively. In addition, restricted cubic spline analyses revealed no significant non‐linear associations between METS‐VF and all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality. In multivariate Cox regression models, hazard ratios of all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and cancer mortality were higher in the highest METS‐VF group compared to the reference group. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed that our results were robust. Receiver operating characteristic curves indicated that METS‐VF predicted mortality better than other obesity‐related indicators. Mendelian randomization analysis confirmed significant causal relationships.

Conclusions

METS‐VF was positively associated with all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality. These findings suggest that METS‐VF could serve as a straightforward, reliable, and cost‐effective marker for identifying individuals at high risk of mortality.
Associations of metabolic syndrome with cognitive function and dementia risk: Evidence from the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Zuo Qianlin , Song Lingling , Gao Xinxin , Cen Manqiu , Fu Xihang , Qin Shifan , Wu Jing
Published: October 2024

Aim

To investigate the associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with cognitive function, dementia and its subtypes.

Methods

Based on the participants recruited by UK Biobank, this study aims to investigate the associations of MetS with cognitive function, dementia and its subtypes. Generalized estimating equations, Cox proportional risk models, and multiple linear regression models were respectively used to assess associations between MetS and dementia‐related outcomes.

Results

Among the 363,231 participants, 95,713 had MetS at baseline. The results showed that MetS was significantly associated with cognitive function related to fluid intelligence and prospective memory at follow‐up. Among participants aged ≥60 years, MetS was correlated with elevated risk of all‐cause dementia, particularly vascular dementia (VaD) [hazard ratio 1.115 (95% confidence interval: 1.047, 1.187), hazard ratio 1.393 (95% confidence interval: 1.233, 1.575), respectively]. With increasing MetS components, the risk of all‐cause dementia and VaD tended to be elevated. MetS has also been associated with dementia‐related structural changes in the brain, including alterations in overall brain volume, white matter volume, grey matter volume and white matter integrity.

Conclusion

MetS was associated with poorer cognitive performance and might increase the risk of all‐cause dementia as well as VaD, but the effect on Alzheimer's disease was not significant. Holistic control of the MetS may benefit the prevention and control of cognitive impairment and dementia.
Functional connectivity compensation in Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait
Authors: Huang Li‐Chuan , Chen Li‐Guo , Kao Hung‐Wen , Lin Sheng‐Huang , Tsai Sheng‐Tzung , Wu Ping‐An , Chen Shin‐Yuan
Published: October 2024

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling motor symptom prevalent in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate whole‐brain functional connectivity (FC) pattern alterations in PD patients with FOG. A total of 18 PD patients, 10 with FOG (PD‐FOG) and 8 without FOG (PD‐nFOG), and 10 healthy controls were enrolled. High‐resolution 3D T1‐weighted and resting‐state functional MRI (rs‐fMRI) data were obtained from all participants. The groups' internetwork connectivity differences were explored with rs‐fMRI FC using seed‐based analysis and graph theory. Multiple linear regression analysis estimated the relationship between FC changes and clinical measurements. Rs‐fMRI analysis demonstrated alterations in FC in various brain regions between the three groups. Freezing of Gait Questionnaire severity was correlated with decreased brain functional connection between Vermis12 and the left temporal occipital fusiform cortex (r = −0.82, P < .001). Graph theory topological metrics indicated a decreased clustering coefficient in the right superior temporal gyrus in the PD‐nFOG group. PD‐FOG patients exhibited a compensatory increase in connectivity between the left inferior frontal gyrus language network and the postcentral gyrus compared to PD‐nFOG patients. Further, the decreased connection between Vermis 12 and the left temporal occipital fusiform cortex may serve as a potential neuroimaging biomarker for tracking PD‐FOG and distinguishing between PD subtypes.