bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação das características orofaciais e da amamentação de recém-nascidos prematuros antes da alta hospitalar
Authors: Castelli Carla Thamires Rodriguez , Almeida Sheila Tamanini de
Published: January 2016

RESUMO: Objetivo: avaliar as características orofaciais e a amamentação de recém-nascidos prematuros antes da alta hospitalar e verificar possíveis relações entre o sistema sensório motor orofacial e a amamentação. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo e descritivo. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de junho a outubro de 2014. Realizou-se em três etapas a pesquisa: busca de dados no prontuário, aplicação do protocolo de prontidão do prematuro para início da alimentação oral e aplicação do protocolo de avaliação da mamada em recém nascidos prematuros. Obteve-se uma amostra de conveniência em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital escola de Porto Alegre. Foram considerados critérios de inclusão: prematuridade; ter recebido atendimento fonoaudiológico, estar de alta hospitalar; indicação para aleitamento materno exclusivo; assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido pelo responsável. Resultados: a amostra contou com 26 sujeitos, posteriormente 6 indivíduos foram excluídos. A maioria das características do sistema sensório motor orofacial dos prematuros estava adequada e a maior parte das categorias avaliadas na amamentação estava próxima ao escore máximo. Identificou-se que os prematuros com estado de consciência alerta apresentaram melhor posição mãe/recém-nascido durante o aleitamento materno (p= 0,043). Observou-se que quanto maior a idade gestacional corrigida melhor o escore final do prematuro na avaliação do sistema sensório motor orofacial (rs = 0,512; p= 0,021). Conclusões: elucidaram-se informações do sistema sensório motor orofacial e do aleitamento materno do prematuro. Bem como, foram encontradas relações entre o sistema sensório motor orofacial e a amamentação do prematuro.
Teste da linguinha: diagnóstico situacional sobre a aplicabilidade do protocolo em neonatos do Distrito Federal
Authors: Nascimento Layane Silva do , Soares Valdilene da Silva Santos , Costa Tatiana Leonel da Silva
Published: January 2016

RESUMO: Objetivo: analisar a atuação fonoaudiológica na aplicabilidade do Teste da Linguinha no Distrito Federal. Métodos: foi elaborado um questionário autoexplicativo, composto por 10 questões. O questionário foi disposto em um site específico, criado para tal fim. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 44 fonoaudiólogos do Distrito Federal. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada inicialmente em tabelas de frequências simples e posteriormente em tabelas de frequências cruzadas. Resultados: participaram da pesquisa fonoaudiólogos experientes em diversas áreas de atuação, do setor público e privado; apenas 27,27% dos participantes avaliam o frênulo lingual em bebês, a maioria avalia há menos de um ano. O profissional mais indicado a realizar a avaliação do frênulo lingual em bebês, no Distrito Federal, é o fonoaudiólogo. Conclusão: a maioria dos fonoaudiólogos que avaliam o frênulo lingual em neonatos não utilizam padronização durante a análise. Os critérios utilizados durante o exame são variados.
Incorporação de Grevillea robusta na Produção de Painéis Aglomerados de Pinus
Authors: Trianoski Rosilani , Piccardi Arnaldo Barros Rezende , Iwakiri Setsuo , Matos Jorge Luis Monteiro de , Bonduelle Ghislaine Miranda
Published: January 2016

Estudos relativos ao potencial tecnológico de espécies alternativas de rápido crescimento são de grande importância, tendo em vista aumentar a oferta de matéria prima para as indústrias de base florestal, especialmente para as indústrias de painéis aglomerados. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade de utilização da Grevillea robusta em diferentes misturas com Pinus taeda para a produção de painéis aglomerados, bem como, estabelecer a quantidade máxima de incorporação desta espécie numa matriz industrial. Os painéis foram produzidos com as espécies puras e em diferentes misturas, com densidade nominal de 0,70 g/cm3 e resina uréia-formaldeído (8%). Os resultados indicaram que o tratamento constituído de 20% Grevillea robusta e 80% de Pinus taeda atendem os requisitos mínimos das propriedades mecânicas segundo a norma EN 312 (além da testemunha) e que a máxima incorporação de madeira de Grevillea robusta numa matriz de Pinus é de 26%.
Content validity and reliability of test of gross motor development in Chilean children
Authors: Cano-Cappellacci Marcelo , Leyton Fernanda Aleitte , Carreño Joshua Durán
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To validate a Spanish version of the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2) for the Chilean population. METHODS Descriptive, transversal, non-experimental validity and reliability study. Four translators, three experts and 92 Chilean children, from five to 10 years, students from a primary school in Santiago, Chile, have participated. The Committee of Experts has carried out translation, back-translation and revision processes to determine the translinguistic equivalence and content validity of the test, using the content validity index in 2013. In addition, a pilot implementation was achieved to determine test reliability in Spanish, by using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman method. We evaluated whether the results presented significant differences by replacing the bat with a racket, using T-test. RESULTS We obtained a content validity index higher than 0.80 for language clarity and relevance of the TGMD-2 for children. There were significant differences in the object control subtest when comparing the results with bat and racket. The intraclass correlation coefficient for reliability inter-rater, intra-rater and test-retest reliability was greater than 0.80 in all cases. CONCLUSIONS The TGMD-2 has appropriate content validity to be applied in the Chilean population. The reliability of this test is within the appropriate parameters and its use could be recommended in this population after the establishment of normative data, setting a further precedent for the validation in other Latin American countries.
Intensidade do trabalho: questões conceituais e metodológicas
Authors: Dal Rosso Sadi , Cardoso Ana Cláudia Moreira
Published: January 2016

Resumo O objeto deste artigo é a discussão de elementos conceituais e metodológicos envolvidos com o fenômeno da intensidade do trabalho. Pesquisas realizadas em diversos países mostram que a intensificação é um componente estruturante do trabalho na contemporaneidade e essa tendência tem a capacidade de se prolongar por tempo indefinido sob o paradigma da hegemonia neoliberal que continua a reger as relações econômicas mundiais. O mesmo consenso não prevalece em relação a definições conceituais do fenômeno, seus correspondentes pressupostos teóricos e suas implicações metodológicas. A análise desta falta de consenso constitui o objetivo principal deste artigo. Para atender a este objetivo, será realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre a formulação da teoria do valor trabalho e de pesquisas recentes sobre o tema. A discussão conceitual e metodológica ancora-se na prática de levantamento de informações por meio de surveys da European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS), cujos questionários e relatórios serão analisados no tocante à objetividade e subjetividade, à relação das práticas empíricas com pressupostos conceituais, entre outros. Este ensaio de crítica conceitual e metodológica tem em vista estabelecer parâmetros para pesquisas necessárias ao contexto brasileiro, dadas, especialmente, as implicações da intensificação laboral sobre as condições de saúde de quem trabalha.
Segurança privada e direitos civis na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Lopes Cleber da Silva
Published: January 2016

Resumo O artigo investiga as violações de direitos civis cometidas por seguranças regulares, semirregulares e irregulares que executam policiamento privado na cidade de São Paulo. Esses agentes têm violado direitos e liberdades individuais no exercício de suas atividades profissionais? Quais são as principais violações e onde elas mais ocorrem? Diferentes tipos de agentes cometem distintas violações de direitos civis? Essas violações se assemelham às que ocorrem nas atividades de policiamento público? O trabalho procura responder a essas questões a partir de uma análise exploratória das ocorrências policiais envolvendo seguranças particulares da cidade de São Paulo entre janeiro de 2009 e setembro de 2010. Os dados indicam que os profissionais de segurança privada não raramente violam a integridade física, a liberdade e a honra dos cidadãos, especialmente dos que frequentam espaços de entretenimento, comércio e terminais de transporte público. Enquanto seguranças regulares cometem mais violações nos terminais de transporte coletivo, seguranças semirregulares e irregulares se excedem mais em casas noturnas, bares, restaurantes e estabelecimentos comerciais. Os dados também sugerem que o padrão de abusos presente nas atividades de policiamento privado é distinto daquele encontrado nas atividades de policiamento público. Enquanto policiais parecem usar e abusar com maior frequência dos poderes legais que lhes conferem o direito de usar força letal para a manutenção da ordem pública, profissionais de segurança privada usam e abusam com mais frequência de ferramentas físicas e corporais não letais em nome da manutenção da ordem no interior de espaços policiados por instituições privadas.
Mudanças de renda no Brasil: fatores espaciais, setoriais, educacionais e de status social
Authors: Santos José Alcides Figueiredo
Published: January 2016

Resumo São analisadas as influências das variáveis espaciais, setoriais, educacionais e de status social nas mudanças de renda no Brasil entre 1992 e 2011. Estes fatores são considerados tanto de modo específico quanto em suas relações com classe social. O estudo combina o uso de medidas de diferenças observadas e de diferenças ajustadas por regressão quantílica. Nos modelos estimam-se tanto efeitos absolutos (em reais) quanto relativos (percentuais). O trabalho aborda particularmente as alterações na renda mediana das categorias, mas observa também para as mudanças nos níveis superiores e inferiores da distribuição. A perda relativa de renda do Brasil metropolitano mostrou-se fortemente intrínseca à dimensão socioespacial. A queda nas discrepâncias brutas (não ajustadas) de renda, de raça e de gênero envolveram combinações bem diferentes entre efeitos diretos e indiretos. Reduções nas desigualdades espaciais, setoriais e educacionais contribuíram para a diminuição da heterogeneidade dentro das classes sociais. Todos os cenários desenhados pelo jogo de controles estatísticos mostram que diminuiu sensivelmente a vantagem de renda dos que apresentam mais escolaridade. As mudanças de renda foram menores justamente entre as posições sociais que foram menos afetadas por alterações na distribuição ou dispersão da educação e os seus efeitos diretos e indiretos na renda.
A inesperada descoberta de Otávio Ianni sobre preconceito contra descendentes de imigrantes poloneses em Curitiba
Authors: Oliveira Márcio de
Published: January 2016

Resumo Após a pesquisa da Unesco sobre relações raciais no Brasil, Florestan Fernandes organizou e liderou uma jovem equipe para tratar do mesmo tema. A preferência recaiu então sobre os estados da Região Sul do Brasil, que não tinham feito parte da pesquisa original. Escolhidos por Florestan Fernandes, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Roberto Jardim Moreira e Octávio Ianni fizeram parte dessa equipe. Na distribuição dos estados, coube a Ianni o Paraná e Santa Catarina, esse último conjuntamente com Fernando Henrique. Embora o objetivo da pesquisa fosse demonstrar a existência de preconceito nas relações raciais naqueles estados, Ianni ficou surpreso em descobrir também um novo preconceito, dessa feita contra imigrantes poloneses e seus descendentes, na cidade de Curitiba, capital do Paraná. Ianni investigou inicialmente a questão e publicou alguns artigos a respeito, nos quais tentou explicar o inesperado preconceito. No intuito de dar continuidade e investigar mais a fundo o fenômeno, elaborou e publicou um projeto de pesquisa sobre o tema que, contudo, nunca veio à luz.
Animals Are from Venus, Human Beings from Mars: Averroës's Aristotle and the Rationality of Emotion in Guido Cavalcanti's “Donna me prega”
Authors: Stone Gregory B.
Published: January 2016

This essay provides a revisionary interpretation of one of the most important treatments of emotion (and its relation to reason) in the early period of modern European vernacular literature, Guido Cavalcanti's “Donna me prega” (“A Lady Asks Me”). According to the prevailing interpretation, the poem denigrates love as an animal power, a subhuman force that destroys our properly human rationality. Reading the poem's treatment of love in the light of Averroës's views, especially as presented in his Long Commentary on Aristotle's De anima, reveals that Cavalcanti celebrates love as paradigmatic of human reason, part and parcel of one's leading a rational and therefore human life. Love, the operation of a rational power that is mortal (not immortal) and natural (not supernatural), is for human beings the “perfect good,” the full extent of our flourishing and the best for which we can hope.
The Pathos of Reading
Authors: Favret Mary A.
Published: January 2016

To understand what it feels like to read, we might consider what it feels like to have difficulty reading. Those who find it hard to read reveal the demands posed by a modern world that requires literacy even as it raises obstacles to reading. In this situation, the attempt to read can become pathetic: a site of suffering and reflexivity. Beginning with moments in the works of Walter Benjamin and his follower W. G. Sebald, we learn about the pains of reading as they open onto the pains of history in the cities of twentieth-century Europe. But Benjamin's and Sebald's insights on vision, pain, and history are anticipated in a series of sonnets by John Keats, written in metropolitan London in the opening decades of the nineteenth century.
Contested Emotions: Pity and Gratitude from the Stoics to Swift and Wordsworth
Authors: Potkay Adam
Published: January 2016

Pity and gratitude are often classified among the moral emotions: pity responds to an undeserved ill that has befallen another, while gratitude affirms as good something given to us, as well as the agent who gave it. To some philosophers, however, pity and gratitude are never or rarely appropriate. For the Stoics, pity is unnecessary suffering for the person who pities, grounded in a mistaken view of what constitutes privation; Wollstonecraft and Godwin add that in a just society, there would be no pitiably needy people. Similarly, if assistance is reconceived as something due a person as a right, then the obligation to feel or express gratitude, or to render reciprocal service, is largely eliminated. Godwin'sEnquiry concerning Political Justiceis indebted to the Stoical, pitiless, and gentle Houyhnhnms ofGulliver's Travels, and it prompts in turn Wordsworth's representations of interpersonal encounter in “Simon Lee,”The Ruined Cottage, andThe Prelude.
Kafka's Laughter: On Joy and the Kafkaesque
Authors: Parvulescu Anca
Published: January 2016

In a letter Franz Kafka wrote to Felice Bauer in January 1913, he describes himself as a “great laugher.” Although Kafka is conventionally associated with anxiety, gloom, even terror, his laughter is joyful.
Eschewing Politeness: Norbert Elias and the Historiography of Early Modern Affect
Authors: Paster Gail Kern
Published: January 2016

We now recognize that renaissance manuals of conduct, in which thinkers such as castiglione and erasmus sought to encode canons of polite behavior, are a major source of evidence about early modern emotions. But scholarly understanding of the relation between conduct literature and Renaissance society's management of emotions had to wait for the publication of the sociologist Norbert Elias's two-volume work Über den Prozess der Zivilisation (The Civilizing Process [1939]), which only began to reach anglophone critics in 1978.
“Alas, Poor Yorick!”: Elegiac Friendship inTristram Shandy
Authors: Haggerty George E.
Published: January 2016

Not far into the first volume of laurence sterne'stristram shandy, we are presented with the death scene of yorick, the country parson who plays a central role in the novel. Yorick has barely made his appearance before his death is lamented in one of the novel's most arresting passages. This death scene is unexpected and out of sync with the way the story has been told so far. Readers are not yet aware that events transpire according to a system all their own; nor do they realize that inTristram Shandydeath is implicit in the lives of its characters as perhaps in no other novel, certainly no other comic novel, of the last half of the eighteenth century. Of course, inTristram Shandythere is no law about when things happen or how they relate to matters around them, except some supple notion of memory and the association of ideas, as articulated by John Locke. Still, Sterne, who uses the self-effacing parson to represent himself, has made no bones about his ill health and how short a time he has for writing his novel, and in that sense this scene could be placed anywhere and it would be perfectly intelligible. One critic, at least, reads the novel as a direct reflection of Sterne's awareness of his own mortal illness.
The Logic of Emotionality
Authors: Pahl Katrin
Published: January 2016

I would like to suggest that we use the termemotionalityinstead ofemotions.this will avoid the taxonomic impulse at work when we take specific emotions and name them as objects of our inquiries. These taxonomies render emotions more stable than they are and create a hierarchy of the most talked-about or salient emotions (like melancholy, for queer studies, or fear, for political theory). More abstract thanemotions, the termemotionalitycan take on the quality of a name and thus allow us to think together with emotionality the way one may think something through with another person. This essay will defineemotionalityas minimally as possible so that its particulars are allowed to shift and change.
Professor Emily Casaubon Studies the Emotions
Authors: Vermeule Blakey
Published: January 2016

The trouble started with an ultimatum. emily casaubon, an english professor, was in line for a new office. but first, the kindly departmental administrator told her, she needed to purge some books. The administrator was right: Professor Casaubon's books were cresting and flooding like the spawn of the Philistine god Dagon—“sea monster, upward man and downward fish,” as John Milton pithily put it—in full run. She got right to work.
Love, Fear, and Climate Change: Emotions in Drama and Performance
Authors: Tait Peta
Published: January 2016

If the survival of human and nonhuman animals depends on challenging beliefs about our species' exploitation of nature, it also depends on posthumanist perspectives that question more widely the ways in which humans perceive and inhabit the environment emotionally. I argue here that drama can make a valuable contribution not only to the process of interpreting emotions but also to raising awareness that emotional feelings have material efects. he capacity of drama and its performance to grapple with emotional responses to climate change and with broader scientiic knowledge seems particularly prescient.
Here on the Margins: My Academic Home
Authors: Matthew Patricia A.
Published: January 2016

It's not news, or it shouldn't be, that the academy is structurally hostile to meaningful diversity. the reasons FOR this are numerous, and many of them are represented in Written/ Unwritten: Diversity and the Hidden Truths of Tenure—an anthology I edited that features essays and interviews with academics of color. It includes interviews with Houston Baker, Jr., a past MLA president, and Cheryl Wall, Board of Governors Zora Neale Hurston Professor of English, along with an essay by Wilson Santos, an artist, poet, and adjunct professor. I framed the collection with an introduction that shows how the rhetoric of merit used to deny faculty members of color tenure was once used to deny them employment at predominantly white institutions and a conclusion that explores how social media are reshaping how academics of color cope with institutional racism. It's not work I planned to do, and until I stumbled on bell hooks's writing about marginality in Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics during my research for the project, I had mixed feelings about it.
Reflections on 2015
Authors: Chabner Bruce A.
Published: January 2016

The Editor-in-Chief reflects on recent advances, including CRISPR technology and the expansion of immunotherapy, and highlights trends that will be important in the coming year.
Efficacy of drainage trenches to stabilise deep slow landslides in clay slopes
Authors: Cotecchia F. , Lollino P. , Petti R.
Published: January 2016

The paper reports the results of a research aiming at the definition of innovative strategies to mitigate the risk generated by deep landsliding due to the slope-atmosphere interaction. The aim stems from the recognition of the connection between the accelerations of deep slow landslides and the seasonal fluctuations of the piezometric heads found to occur down to large depths in slopes, effect of seasonal cumulated rainfall infiltration, as verified in previous research studies for fissured clay slopes of the Italian southern Apennines. Given this slope behavior, the effects as stabilizing measure of systems of drainage trenches, from medium depth to deep, have been verified through the combination of finite element modeling of seepage and limit equilibrium analyses. The model results show that the trench system generates a ‘group effect’ on the piezometric heads at large depth, due to which the maximum drop in piezometric head occurs along the portion of maximum depth of spoon-shaped slip surfaces underlying the trench system. Hence, the reduction in piezometric head generated by the trench system makes such system an effective mitigation measure for deep landsliding. In the paper, the stabilizing effect of the trench system is also verified through its modeling for a deep landslide case history.
Do it Yourself in Education: Leadership for Learning across Physical and Virtual Borders
Authors: Domingo-Coscollola Maria , Arrazola-Carballo Judith , Sancho-Gil Juana Maria
Published: January 2016

Today more than ever, educational institutions need educational leaders who are able to promote profound, substantive and sustainable change. This paper is based on the efforts and results of the first stage of a European project implemented in universities and primary and secondary schools in Spain, Finland and the Czech Republic. The project seeks to explore the changes (and its educational effects) that have occurred in the last decade regarding digital competencies, especially in relation to the emergence of a culture of collaboration that connects youth learning, technology and a Do-it-Yourself (DIY) ethos. To achieve the project's objective, we followed a methodology based on the principles of collaborative action research (CAR). We have analysed the curricula and study plans of the participating institutions in order to explore how and where the project could be applied. We conducted a series of focus groups with teachers, students and parents to discuss notions of DIY learning among the educational communities. Based on these discussions, we began to analyse how each context envisions DIY learning and how it relates to the notion of virtual space. We finished the first stage with the professional development of the teachers, which was aimed at shaping the DIYLabs implementation plan.
Intra-Articular Osteotomy for Genu Valgum in the Knee with a Lateral Compartment Deficiency
Authors: Feldman David S. , Goldstein Rachel Y. , Kurland Adam M. , Sheikh Taha Abdel Majid
Published: January 2016

Background:

A deficiency of the lateral compartment of the knee, often in the setting of skeletal dysplasia, is an intra-articular deformity resulting in genu valgum. Historically, this abnormality has been treated using an extra-articular approach. Lateral hypoplasia of the femoral condyle can be treated with advancement of the lateral femoral condyle without creating a secondary deformity. The purpose of this study was to present the technique and results of lateral condylar advancement, with or without tibial hemiplateau elevation, in patients with intra-articular valgus deformity secondary to skeletal dysplasia.

Methods:

A retrospective review of the cases of five patients, from seven to twenty-one years old, with skeletal dysplasia and unilateral or bilateral severe genu valgum deformity was performed. For all patients, the etiology of the deformity was a deficient lateral compartment of the knee—that is, lateral femoral condylar hypoplasia with or without concomitant lateral hemiplateau depression. Lateral femoral condylar advancement with or without lateral tibial hemiplateau elevation was performed in eight knees.

Results:

The average tibiofemoral angle was 34.7° of valgus preoperatively and improved to 9.4° of valgus at the most recent follow-up. The average length of follow-up was 2.9 years (range, 1.0 to 5.2 years). The average range of motion at the time of final follow-up was an arc of 108° starting from full extension. All osteotomies healed uneventfully. All five patients were satisfied with both the cosmetic appearance and the function of the involved limb and were able to walk without assistive devices.

Conclusions:

In patients with a deficient lateral compartment of the knee, lateral femoral condylar advancement with or without hemiplateau elevation allowed correction of severe genu valgum without the creation of an oblique joint line. This technique allows correction of the overall mechanical axis, restoring both function and the cosmetic appearance of the limb.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Glenohumeral Dysplasia in Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy
Authors: Eismann Emily A. , Laor Tal , Cornwall Roger
Published: January 2016

Background:

Existing quantitative measurements of glenohumeral dysplasia in children with unresolved neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) have been mostly limited to the axial plane. The purpose of this study was to describe the three-dimensional (3D) pathoanatomy of glenohumeral dysplasia using 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reformations.

Methods:

3D MRI reformations of the scapula, glenoid labrum, and proximal part of the humerus were created from a volume-acquisition proton-density-weighted MRI sequence of both the affected and the unaffected shoulder of seventeen children less than six years of age with unresolved NBPP who had not undergone shoulder surgery. Glenoid retroversion and posterior humeral head displacement were measured on axial 2D images. Humeral head displacement in all planes, labral circumference, glenoid retroversion, glenoid declination, and scapular morphometric values were measured on 3D reformations. Contiguity of the humeral head with the labrum and the shape of the glenoid were classified. Measurements were compared between the affected and unaffected sides.

Results:

On 3D evaluation, the humeral head was completely posteriorly translated in ten patients but was never outside the glenoid labrum. Instead, in these patients, the humeral head was eccentrically articulating with the dysplastic glenoid and was contained by a posteriorly elongated labrum. Glenoid dysplasia was not limited to the axial plane. Less declination of the glenoid in the coronal plane correlated with greater 3D glenoid retroversion. Glenoid retroversion resulted from underdevelopment of the posterior aspect of the glenoid rather than overdevelopment of the anterior aspect of the glenoid. 3D measurements of greater glenoid retroversion and less declination correlated with 2D measurements of glenoid retroversion and posterior humeral head displacement.

Conclusions:

Posterior humeral head displacement in NBPP should not be considered a simple “dislocation.” Glenohumeral dysplasia is not limited to the axial plane. Abnormal glenoid declination may have potential implications for the evaluation and treatment of shoulder weakness and contractures.
Absorption and decomposition of ozone in a three-phase split-rectangular airlift reactor under ultrasonic irradiation
Authors: Xu Yin , Zhong Xin , Zhang Hui
Published: January 2016

Ozone absorption was investigated in a three-phase split-rectangular airlift reactor under ultrasonic irradiation using γ-Al2O3 as catalyst. The reactor consisted of a square column (50 × 50 mm) with the height of 120 mm, divided into a riser and a downcomer by a baffle, 50 mm in width, 4 mm in thickness and 50 mm in total height. An absorption kinetic model was proposed to determine the volumetric mass transfer coefficient of ozone kLaA. The results showed that kLaA increased from 0.409 to 0.712 min−1 as power density rose from 27.2 to 100.3 W L−1, comparing with 0.242 min−1 in the absence of ultrasonic irradiation. The increase in gas flow rate and catalyst loading also favored the increase of kLaA. The degassing effect due to ultrasonic irradiation could be ignored in the ozone absorption process.
Diagnostic value of breast ultrasound in mammography BI-RADS 0 and clinically indeterminate or suspicious of malignancy breast lesions
Authors: Dobrosavljevic Aleksandar , Rakic Snezana , Nikolic Branka , Jankovic-Raznatovic Svetlana , Dragojevic-Dikic Svetlana , Milosevic Zorica , Jurisic Aleksandar , Skrobic Milica
Published: January 2016

Background/Aim. Not only that ultrasound makes the difference between cystic
and solid changes in breast tissue, as it was the case at the beginning of
its use, but it also makes the differential diagnosis in terms of
benign-malignant. The aim of this study was to assess the role of sonography
in the diagnosis of palpable breast masses according to the American College
of Radiology Ultrasonographic Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System
(BI-RADS) and to correlate the BI-RADS 4 and BI-RADS 5 category with
pathohistological findings. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted with
the breast sonograms of 30 women presented with palpable breast masses found
to be mammography category BI-RADS 0 and ultrasonographic BI-RADS categories
4 and 5. The sonographic categories were correlated with pathohistological
findings. Results. Surgical biopsy in 30 masses revealed: malignancy (56.7%),
fibroadenoma (26.7%), fibrocystic dysplasia with/without atypia (10%), lipoma
(3.3%) and intramammary lymph node (3.3%). Correlation between BI-RADS
categories and pathohistological findings was found (p < 0.05). All BI-RADS 5
masses were malignant, while in BI-RADS 4A category fibroadenomas dominated.
A total of 53.8% of all benign lesions were found in women 49 years of age or
younger as compared with 35.3% of all malignancies in this group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. Ultrasonography BI-RADS improved classification of breast masses.
The ultrasound BI-RADS 4 (A, B, C) and BI-RADS 5 lesions should be worked-up
with biopsy.
Iatrogenic dissection of the left main coronary artery during elective diagnostic procedures: A report on three cases
Authors: Djenic Nemanja , Dzudovic Boris , Romanovic Radoslav , Ratkovic Nenad , Jovic Zoran , Djukic Bosko , Spasic Marijan , Stojkovic Sinisa , Obradovic Slobodan
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Left main coronary artery dissection is a rare and potentially
life-threatening complication of coronary angiography and angioplasty which
requests urgent revascularization. Case report. During the period between
2010 and November 2014 at single healthcare center we did totally 8,884
coronary procedures, out of which 2,333 were percutaneous coronary
interventions (PCI). In this period we had a total of 3 (0,03%) left main
coronary artery dissections, and all of them were successfully treated by
PCI. We presented three cases with iatrogenic dissection of the left main
coronary artery, occurred during elective diagnostic procedures, successfully
treated with PCI with different techniques. Conclusion. PCI could be fast and
life-saving approach in iatrogenic dissections of the left main coronary
artery.
No Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D Treatment on β-Cell Function, Insulin Sensitivity, or Glucose Homeostasis in Subjects With Abnormal Glucose Tolerance: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Wagner Henrik , Alvarsson Michael , Mannheimer Buster , Degerblad Marie , Östenson Claes-Göran
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE

There has been conflicting evidence regarding the potential role of vitamin D in glucose homeostasis. This study was designed to investigate the effect of high-dose vitamin D3 treatment on β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance in subjects with prediabetes or diet-treated type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Subjects (n = 44) were randomized to 30,000 IU vitamin D3 once weekly or placebo for 8 weeks. Hyperglycemic clamp assessed first-phase (0–12 min) and second-phase (12–120 min) insulin response, insulin sensitivity, and disposition index (DI). An oral glucose tolerance test assessed glucose tolerance and glycosylated hemoglobin assessed glycemic control.

RESULTS

A total of 21 (vitamin D) and 22 (placebo) subjects completed the study, respectively. Season-adjusted 25-OH-vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were doubled in the active treated group (43–82 nmol/L). No effect of vitamin D treatment, compared with placebo, was seen on first-phase or second-phase insulin secretion. There were no group differences in insulin sensitivity, DI, or any measures of glycemic control. No hypercalcemia or other adverse effects of vitamin D treatment were seen compared with placebo. Subgroup analyses of those with the lowest basal and greatest increase in 25(OH)D levels did not change these results.

CONCLUSIONS

This study gives no support for any substantial effect of high-dose vitamin D treatment for 8 weeks in prediabetes or diet-treated type 2 diabetes on β-cell function, insulin sensitivity, or glycemic control.
Menkes Disease- A Rare Neurodegenerative Disorder
Authors: Choudhary Richa , Choudhary Anita , Sitaraman S
Published: January 2016

Menkes Disease is a rare neurological disorder of impaired copper transport, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, refractory epilepsy and characteristic hair abnormalities. Here, we report a 5 month old child with developmental delay, refractory seizures, and hypopigmented short, sparse hair with microscopic pili torti; low serum copper and ceruloplasmin and neuroimaging revealing white matter hyperintensities and tortuous vessels.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):177-180
Comparison of Feeding Behaviours in Term Infants and Preterm Infants (30 To 34 Weeks) at Six Months Corrected Age
Authors: Philip Abhishek Koshy , Kumar KV Vijay
Published: January 2016

Feeding is explained as the placement, manipulation and mastication of food in the oral cavity prior to initiation of the swallow. In infants, feeding is considered as innate behaviour. Literature provides evidences connecting successful feeding as a predictor for normal communication. This study aimed at comparing the feeding behaviours of term and preterm infants (30 to 34 weeks) at six months corrected age. A questionnaire was developed based on milestones on feeding development. This consisted information on mode of feeding, difficulties in feeding and feeding behaviour. The questionnaire was administered on parents of 50 infants (25 term and 25 preterm infants). Significant difference in feeding behaviour was observed between the term and preterm infants at six months of age. This long term feeding difficulty may be pronounced during the transitional feeding. Hence the need for Speech Language Pathologist to evaluate feeding behaviour at transitional period for preterm infants becomes necessary.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):202-206
Relationship Between Non-Invasive Blood Pressure (NIBP), on First Day of Life with Birth Weight
Authors: Chawla Garima , Maini Baljeet , Bhardwaj Anand Kumar
Published: January 2016

Introduction: India faces lot of neonatal morbidity. Non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitoring is being used for monitoring sick new borns as a safe and cost effective method of blood pressure monitoring. But there is no available information on normal values of NIBP for neonates in India. With more stress of government (and advancement) in new born care, establishing normative data of NIBP in Indian newborns should be high priority. Material and Methods: This was an observational cohort study done in a level III neonatal intensive care unit. 164 clinically stable babies on day 1 of life were included. Blood pressure was measured by the Oscillometric method.Results: Progressive increase of blood pressure was seen with increasing birth weight. 10th, 50th, 75th, 95th Centile curves were drawn from available data. For very low birth weight babies (< 1500grams), the values of systolic, diastolic and mean BP (±2standard deviations (S.D.)) were found to be 53.7 ± 1.7, 29.1 ± 1.7 and 41 ± 1.1 mm Hg respectively. For low birth weight babies, i.e. with birth weight 1500-2499 grams, the values for systolic, diastolic and mean BP(±2 S.D.) were 62.2 ± 2.5, 34.8 ± 2.4 and 46.6 ± 2.4 mm Hg respectively. For normal weight babies (more than 2499 grams), the systolic, diastolic and mean BP (±2 S.D.) were 72.8 ± 4.2, 43 ± 4 and 55.3± 4 mm Hg respectively. The rise in systolic blood pressure with rising birth weight was highly significant (p <0.001). Similar were the results for diastolic and mean BPs, (p<0.001 for both),Conclusion: Blood pressure on day 1 of life appears to be directly related to birth weight. The effect is seen in all (i.e. systolic, diastolic and mean) blood pressure values.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):141-146
Developmental Screening Tools for Motor Developmental Delay in High Risk Preterm Infants
Authors: Ramachandran Selvam , Dutta Sudip
Published: January 2016

The preterm very low birth weight infants are at high risk of motor developmental delays. The developmental screening tools used by health professionals in pediatric practice serves several purposes viz. as a discriminative screening tool to identify the developmental delay in such high risk infants; as an evaluation tool to quantify the levels of functional skills achieved; as a prognostic tool to quantify the changes in levels of functional skills following specific developmental care interventions and as a predictive tool to predict the quantum of existing or impending neuro-developmental disability in high risk infants. Thus developmental screening tools serves as an integral part of early intervention programs. Such screening tools also serve as program evaluation strategy in quantifying the efficacy of early developmental care intervention programs. This review is aimed at describing the properties of developmental screening tools for motor developmental delay in preterm infants.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):162-167
Upper Arm Composition as an Indicator of Body Composition and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Boys Aged 10-18 Years
Authors: Sen Jaydip , Mondal Nitish , Ghosh Partha
Published: January 2016

Introduction: The upper arm composition is usually assessed based on total upper arm area (TUA), upper arm muscle area (UMA), upper arm fat area (UFA) and arm fat index (AFI). It is closely associated with assessment of body composition and nutritional status. The present study aims to determine the age specific variations in upper arm composition and its usefulness in the assessment of body composition and nutritional status among adolescent boys.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 964 boys (aged 10 – 18 years) and belonging to the indigenous Rajbanshi population of West Bengal, India. The boys were selected from five different sub-urban government secondary schools located under Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. The anthropometric measurements of height, weight, MUAC and TSF were recorded and upper arm composition was estimated based on TUA, UMA, UFA and AFI using standard procedures. The overall body composition was evaluated using body mass index (BMI).Results: There appears to be existence of significant age-specific variations in BMI, UMA and UFA as the boys approached higher ages. The age specific means of TUA, UMA and UFA increased with age. The adolescent boys were observed to be well below the 50th percentiles of the reference population in BMI, TUA, UMA, UFA and AFI. Age and sex-specific smooth percentile curves were derived for height, weight, TSF, BMI, UMA and UFA using the L, M and S modelling approach for further evaluation of body composition.Conclusion: The present study recommends the assessment of body composition and nutritional status to improve screening of nutritional status using upper arm composition, especially in community settings so as to accurately identify the risk of lower or greater adiposity and muscularity, and thereby proposing a major opportunity to improve health through proper intervention programmes.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):152-161
Isolated unilateral left upper lobe agenesis causing recurrent pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Agrawal Jyoti , Gupta Mukesh
Published: January 2016

Lung agensis is a rare developmental anomaly. It can range from total bronchial and parechymal agensis to mild pulmonary parenchymal hypoplasia of one or both lungs. A case of lobar agenesis of the left upper lung in a three month old girl causing recurrent chest infection is presented.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):175-176
Findings of Paediatric Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Thapa Surya Bahadur , Sharma Arun Kumar
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Endoscopy is an important diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal disorders in children. Practitioners still debate the need and utility of endoscopy in children and this important evaluation is potentially underutilized. There is a paucity of paediatric endoscopy data in Nepal. This report describes an initial three-year experience on profile of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH).Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted by reviewing hospital records for children undergoing endoscopy for various indications at TUTH during November 2011 to October 2014 (3 years).Results: We performed 362 endoscopies during this period. Mean age of patients was 9.49 years (range 2 months to 18 years) and 199 (54.9%) patients were under 10 years of age. Common indications were upper gastrointestinal bleeding (27.6%), recurrent abdominal pain (26.2%), acute abdominal pain (24.6%), recurrent vomiting (5.2%), and caustic ingestion (3.6%). An abnormality was detected in 159 (42.2%) patients. Varices (16.6%), gastritis/duodenitis (14.9%), ulcer (3.3%), oesophagitis (1.9%) were common diagnoses. Etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleed was identified in 65% of patients. Majority of patients with recurrent abdominal pain had negative results (80%). Failure to thrive constituted a very small proportion of children (0.2%) evaluated. All children received sedation/ analgesia and tolerated the procedure well.Conclusion: Paediatric upper gastrointestinal endoscopy can be safely performed across wide age range with proper sedation/ analgesia. Endoscopic diagnosis may improve management and children requiring such evaluation should be timely referred. Paediatricians should be encouraged to refer patients with growth failure early to ensure proper management.    J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):123-128
Neonate with Severe Complications of Epidermolysis Bullosa and Bilateral Clubfoot: An Unusual Case Presentation and Treatment
Authors: Krasniqi-Daka Afërdita , Sejdiu-Hasbahta Teuta , Gërçari Antigona , Vuniqi-Krasniqi Merita , Daka Qëndresë
Published: January 2016

Epidermolysis bullosa is a term for a heterogeneous group of rare disorders, characterized by extensive blistering of the skin and mucous membranes as the most prominent features. So far association of the disease with extra-cutaneous manifestations and complications has been pointed out. We present an unusual case of a neonate with severe complications of epidermolysis bullosa, associated with bilateral clubfoot.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):181-184
Calcaneal Apophysitis (Sever's Disease): MRI Findings
Authors: Dogan Mehmet S , Doganay Selim , Koc Gonca , Gorkem Sureyya B , Ciraci Saliha , Coskun Abdulhakim
Published: January 2016

Calcaneal apophysitis (Sever’s disease), is the most frequent cause of the heel pain in growing children. The diagnosisis generally made with a typical history and clinical examination. Imaging modalities including radiography and magnetic resonance imaging can help establish the diagnosis. In this case we report imaging findings of an 11-year-old boy diagnosed as Sever’s disease.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(2):172-174
The Price of University Press Books, 2012–14
Authors: Greco Albert N. , Spendley Alana M.
Published: January 2016

The three previous studies about the suggested retail prices (SRPs) and the new title output of new scholarly books (covering the years 1989–2000; 2000–8; and 2009–11) revealed certain well-defined patterns for books published by university presses and commercial scholarly publishers. During those years, the price for commercial scholarly published books exceeded the SRP for university presses in the humanities, the social sciences, and in the scientific, technical, and medical categories, and commercial presses annually released more than three times the number of scholarly books than university presses did in these major book categories. Were these new title output and pricing trends between 1989 and 2011 also evident in 2012–14? What pricing and marketing theories and practices did commercial scholarly publishers use to enable them to charge higher SRPs than university presses? In a period of economic uncertainty, when far too many university presses face fiscal questions from university trustees and administrators and several presses have been on the verge of closing in recent years, what strategies can university presses utilize to generate more revenues for their books and remain a vitally important part of the entire scholarly publishing ecosystem?
The Research Contributions of Editorial Board Members in Library and Information Science
Authors: Walters William H.
Published: January 2016

Research experience is widely regarded as an important qualification for editorial board members. Not all board members are active scholars, however. This study evaluates the research contributions of individuals who served on the boards of thirty library and information science journals based on their publications in those same thirty journals from 2007 to 2012. Data for all authors—board members and others—allow for comparative analysis. Overall, 52 per cent of the 1,079 board members authored or co-authored at least one article in the thirty journals during the study period. The percentage varies considerably among journals, however, and it is substantially lower (35 per cent) among the ten practice-oriented journals. Moreover, the board members of the practice-oriented journals tend to write fewer articles than the authors who typically contribute to those journals. Among the thirty journals, citation impact is strongly correlated with board members' research productivity.