bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soberania e segurança alimentar e nutricional na formação em Gastronomia por instituições de ensino superior no Brasil
Authors: Sugizaki Barbara Cassetari , Cortazzo Moara Volpato , Oliveira Maria Rita Marques de
Published: January 2020

Soberania e Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SSAN) é uma temática intersetorial, transversal e multiprofissional, relacionada à produção, à distribuição, ao acesso, ao preparo e, sobretudo, ao consumo dos alimentos. Seu conceito leva em conta uma alimentação nutricionalmente balanceada e que respeite os conhecimentos tradicionais bem como as práticas culturais da população, tomando-se por referência o próprio Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira, de 2014. No entanto, nem sempre o tema da SSAN está presente no currículo das instituições de ensino superior (IES) de Gastronomia. Distanciamento ainda maior ocorre na inserção profissional na área, em que o conhecimento das técnicas culinárias “clássicas” é compreendido erroneamente como objeto único e central deste conhecimento da prática. Assim, este trabalho justifica-se ao considerar o papel que o gastrônomo, enquanto profissional do ramo da alimentação, desempenha ou pode desempenhar nos campos da Soberania e Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, e também pela necessidade de reforço ou incorporação de um caráter que compreenda o dilema humanista-tecnológico que perpassa a temática da Gastronomia. Assim, procura-se discutir a relação entre SSAN e Gastronomia para além da técnica, reconhecendo-se a indissociabilidade desta no preparo do alimento, bem como a existência de um contexto alimentar muito mais amplo. Desta forma, este trabalho possui como objetivo investigar a relação da SSAN com a Gastronomia nos processos de consolidação e reconhecimento da profissão nos currículos de instituições de ensino superior (IES) do Brasil e na percepção de docentes e discentes do curso, especificamente nas instituições públicas. Procura-se assim (a) sistematizar informações de documentos norteadores da formação superior em Gastronomia, associando-as com a SSAN; (b) levantar a presença da SSAN nas atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão desenvolvidas nos cursos de Gastronomia; e (c) levantar a percepção dos docentes e discentes quanto à temática da SSAN em suas as atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, estabelecendo paralelo das respostas obtidas com o currículo do curso e o planejamento da gestão. Para isso, esta pesquisa possuirá um caráter qualitativo, documental e exploratório. Nesse sentido, envolverá a aplicação de entrevistas de profundidade, a serem realizadas com gestores de cursos de Gastronomia, e questionários, nos quais será utilizada a técnica Delphi para avaliação da validade dos mesmos. Espera-se através desta pesquisa conhecer mais profundamente a formação do profissional em Gastronomia na temática da SSAN, para que assim os mesmos possam vir a auxiliar na inserção plena da temática nos Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos, currículos e atividades de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão dos cursos de Gastronomia, dada sua abrangência e importância.
Optical Coherence Tomography for Coronary Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold Implantation
Authors: Lee Seung-Yul , Kang Do-Yoon , Hong Sung-Jin , Ahn Jung-Min , Ahn Chul-Min , Park Duk-Woo , Kim Jung-Sun , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Jang Yangsoo , Park Seung-Jung , Hong Myeong-Ki
Published: January 2020

Background:

We investigated whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) guidance would reduce nonoptimal bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) deployment.

Methods:

This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients who required percutaneous coronary intervention for ischemic heart disease were recruited from 2 centers in Korea. The enrolled patients were randomly assigned to receive either OCT-guided BVS (Absorb; Abbott Vascular) implantation or angiography-guided BVS implantation using an optimized technique. The primary outcome was nonoptimal deployment, which was a composite outcome of the following parameters assessed by OCT: a minimal scaffold area <5 mm
2
, residual area stenosis >20%, incomplete apposition of the scaffold struts >5%, major edge dissection, or scaffold disruption. The secondary outcome was a procedural complication defined by the occurrence of no reflow, coronary perforation, or flow-limiting dissection.

Results:

Between September 2016 and January 2018, 88 patients (90 lesions) were assigned to OCT guidance, while 88 patients (89 lesions) were assigned to angiography guidance. The recruitment was prematurely terminated in March 2018 because the manufacturer stopped supplying BVS. Postprocedural OCT data were available for 88 lesions with OCT guidance and for 88 lesions with angiography guidance. There was nonoptimal BVS deployment postprocedurally in 35.2% of patients in the OCT-guidance group and in 38.6% in the angiography-guidance group (absolute difference, −3.7% [95% CI, −19.0% to 11.6%];
P
=0.64). There were no procedural complications in either group.

Conclusions:

OCT-guided BVS implantation did not reduce the incidence of nonoptimal deployment compared to that of angiography-guided BVS implantation (using optimized techniques).

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02894697.
In This Corner of the Entangled Cosmopolises: Political Legitimacies in the Multilingual Society of Sultanate and Early Mughal Kashmir
Authors: Ogura Satoshi
Published: January 2020

This essay explores the forms of political legitimacy claimed by Muslim sultans and received by their Muslim and non-Muslim subjects in sultanate and early Mughal Kashmir. The establishment of the Shahmirid sultanate in 1339 marked the beginning of a new multilingual situation where Sanskrit and Persian were both used as official languages. In such a situation, presentation of the Shahmirids’ political legitimacy took different forms depending on the language in which it was made. Shahmirid sultans declared their Indic legitimacy in Sanskrit and Islamic legitimacy in Persian. A polyglot chose the Indic legitimacy to praise the contemporary sultan in his Sanskrit writing with full knowledge of the Islamic legitimacy claimed by the same sultan. In such a situation, a ruler’s action that was deeply linked with his claim of legitimacy, e.g., Akbar’s sun-veneration could be interpreted differently by the observers depending on the language used to express their interpretations.
Contributions to species of Xylariales in China-3. Collodiscula tubulosa (Xylariaceae)

Authors: XIE XIN , LIU LI-LI , SHEN XIANG-CHUN , KANG YING-QIAN , HYDE KEVIN D. , KANG JI-CHUAN , LI QI-RUI
Published: January 2020

A new Collodiscula, found on a bamboo culms in China, differs from C. japonica, C. fangjingshanensis, C. leigongshanensis, C. bambusae and C. chiangraiensis in having 5-septate ascospores (42.5–65 × 10–15.5 µm). It is described as a new species, Collodiscula tubulosa sp. nov. based on the morphology and molecular phylogeny.
Estimating the True Maximum Sustained Wind Speed of a Tropical Cyclone from Spatially Averaged Observations
Authors: Mayers David , Ruf Christopher
Published: January 2020

The maximum sustained wind speed Vm of a tropical cyclone (TC) observed by a sensor varies with its spatial resolution. If unaccounted for, the difference between the “true” and observed Vm results in an error in estimation of Vm. The magnitude of the error is found to depend on the radius of maximum wind speed Rm and Vm itself. Quantitative relationships are established between Vm estimation errors and the TC characteristics. A correction algorithm is constructed as a scale factor to estimate the true Vm from coarsely resolved wind speed measurements observed by satellites. Without the correction, estimates of Vm made directly from the observations have root-mean-square differences of 1.77, 3.41, and 6.11 m s−1 given observations with a spatial resolution of 25, 40, and 70 km, respectively. When the proposed scale factors are applied to the observations, the errors are reduced to 0.69, 1.23, and 2.12 m s−1. A demonstration of the application of the correction algorithm throughout the life cycle of Hurricane Sergio in 2018 is also presented. It illustrates the value of having the scale factor depend on Rm and Vm, as opposed to using a fixed value, independent of TC characteristics.
CORRIGENDUM
Authors: Heymsfield Andrew , Szakáll Miklós , Jost Alexander , Giammanco Ian , Wright Robert , Brimelow Julian
Published: January 2020

This corrigendum improves upon the size-dependent representation of graupel and hail terminal velocities, kinetic energies, and mass fluxes that were reported in the Heymsfield et al. (2018) study. In particular, representation of these dependencies on diameter over the full range of particle sizes is improved upon by correcting minor errors and by developing representations that cover different size ranges.
Two Types of the Scandinavian Pattern: Their Formation Mechanisms and Climate Impacts
Authors: Wang Mingyuan , Tan Benkui
Published: January 2020

On the basis of daily data from the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) for extended winters (December–March) from 1958/59 to 2014/15, this study examines the formation mechanisms and climate impacts of the subseasonal Scandinavian (SCA) pattern. Results indicate that the SCA pattern manifests itself as Rossby wave trains, arising from the initial height disturbances over the North Atlantic and propagating into the Scandinavian peninsula and central Siberia. One type of SCA may arise from a Rossby wave train over the North Atlantic that is closely coupled to an anomalous convective heating dipole and persists for about 2 weeks (convection-preceded SCAs). Another type of SCA arises from the weak height disturbances over the North Atlantic; the height disturbance over the Arctic also contributes to the SCA formation, with no significant convective heating anomalies being observed in the North Atlantic (convection-free SCAs). The results also indicate that both SCA types may cause strong climate anomalies in the Arctic and Eurasia that persist for about 2 weeks. The surface air temperature (SAT) anomalies assume a dipolar structure with one extremum located over the Greenland Sea through Barents Sea and the other extremum over the Eurasian continent. Associated with the SAT anomalies is a significant increase or decrease of sea ice cover over the Greenland Sea and Barents Sea, while over the Eurasian continent snow depth anomalies are found to occur over eastern Europe, western Asia, and the Russian Far East. Furthermore, as convection-free SCAs propagate vertically into the stratosphere, significant changes of intensity and air temperature of the stratospheric polar vortex are observed.
Impact of a pharmacist-led intervention on post-splenectomy vaccination adherence among trauma patients
Authors: Scherrer Leigh Ann , Benns Matthew V , Frick Christine , Pentecost Karina , Broughton-Miller Kimberly , Wojcik Jodi , Frisbie Michelle , Nice Laura
Published: January 2020

Background

Patients who undergo splenectomy are at increased risk of infection caused by encapsulated bacteria. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends a series of vaccinations for asplenic patients, the first of which are generally completed prior to hospital discharge in the setting of trauma. However, studies suggest that trauma patients receive booster vaccinations at a suboptimal rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an inpatient, pharmacist-led post-splenectomy counseling service on patient understanding and patient-reported revaccination follow-up rate.

Methods

Patients who underwent splenectomy due to trauma between October 2017 and February 2019 were surveyed via telephone questionnaire at least eight weeks after initial vaccination. Responses were compared to historical data which was collected prior to the service implementation. The primary outcome was patient reported follow-up vaccination rate. Secondary outcomes included patient awareness of vaccine requirements and need for rehospitalization.

Results

A total of 67 patients met inclusion criteria, of whom 31 (46%) were successfully contacted by phone. After implementation of the post-splenectomy counseling service, 14 patients (45.2%) reported receiving second doses of pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines, compared to 6 patients (6.3%) in the pre-implementation cohort ( p = 0.000001). Twenty-eight patients (90%) of the patients in the post-implementation cohort acknowledged awareness of the need for additional vaccines, whereas 44 (46%) of patients in the pre-implementation cohort acknowledged awareness ( p = 0.000043).

Conclusion

A post-splenectomy counseling service led to improved rates of patient reported adherence to booster vaccines, as well as increased awareness for need to revaccinate.
“Place or Character” of a Business: Environmental Criminology and Negligent Security Litigation
Authors: Gotham Kevin Fox
Published: January 2020

This paper describes the use and application of environmental criminology and social science methods in court cases involving allegations of negligent security. Negligent security is an area of premises liability that involves claims against business owners for damages or injuries on their property due to a lack of security precautions against reasonably foreseeable criminal actions. For decades, courts have embraced the view that the “place or character” of a business may invite criminal conduct and various jurisdictions have asserted that business owners may be under a duty to protect patrons against third-party criminal conduct. Yet, courts have struggled to define precisely how the place or character of a business would make a crime reasonably foreseeable. The paper explains the ways in which courts utilize crime and noncrime data in negligent security cases and discusses the affinities between environmental criminology and expert evidence in the courts. In doing so, the paper highlights the practical application, legal utility, and explanatory power of criminological theories and social science knowledge in the U.S. civil court system.
Bayesian differential analysis of gene regulatory networks exploiting genetic perturbations
Authors: Li Yan , Liu Dayou , Li Tengfei , Zhu Yungang
Published: January 2020

Background

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) can be inferred from both gene expression data and genetic perturbations. Under different conditions, the gene data of the same gene set may be different from each other, which results in different GRNs. Detecting structural difference between GRNs under different conditions is of great significance for understanding gene functions and biological mechanisms.

Results

In this paper, we propose a Bayesian Fused algorithm to jointly infer differential structures of GRNs under two different conditions. The algorithm is developed for GRNs modeled with structural equation models (SEMs), which makes it possible to incorporate genetic perturbations into models to improve the inference accuracy, so we name it BFDSEM. Different from the naive approaches that separately infer pair-wise GRNs and identify the difference from the inferred GRNs, we first re-parameterize the two SEMs to form an integrated model that takes full advantage of the two groups of gene data, and then solve the re-parameterized model by developing a novel Bayesian fused prior following the criterion that separate GRNs and differential GRN are both sparse.

Conclusions

Computer simulations are run on synthetic data to compare BFDSEM to two state-of-the-art joint inference algorithms: FSSEM and ReDNet. The results demonstrate that the performance of BFDSEM is comparable to FSSEM, and is generally better than ReDNet. The BFDSEM algorithm is also applied to a real data set of lung cancer and adjacent normal tissues, the yielded normal GRN and differential GRN are consistent with the reported results in previous literatures. An open-source program implementing BFDSEM is freely available in Additional file 1.
Aspirin decreases hepatocellular carcinoma risk in hepatitis C virus carriers: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Liao Yen-Hsiang , Hsu Ren-Jun , Wang Tzu-Hwei , Wu Chen-Ta , Huang Sheng-Yao , Hsu Chung-Y. , Su Yuan-Chih , Hsu Wen-Lin , Liu Dai-Wei
Published: January 2020

Background

Aspirin has been found to lower the occurrence rates of some cancers through the inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme. For example, there is a well-known association between aspirin use and the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. However, the association, if any, between aspirin use and HCC in hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers is unknown. Therefore, this study compared the occurrence rates of HCC in HCV carriers treated with or without aspirin.

Methods

The participants in this retrospective cohort study consisted of people newly diagnosed with HCV in Taiwan from 2000 to 2012. Those who were treated with aspirin were defined as the control group, whereas those not treated with aspirin were defined as the comparison cohort. We used a 1:1 propensity score matching by age, sex, comorbidities, drugs, diagnosis year, and index year with covariate assessment.

Results

Our study sample consisted of 2980 aspirin-treated HCV carriers and 7771 non-aspirin-treated HCV carriers. After propensity score matching, each cohort consisted of 1911 HCV carriers. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of HCC incidence in the aspirin users (aHR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.43–0.72, p < 0.001) was significantly lower than that in the non-aspirin users. A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that among the HCV carriers, the aspirin users had a lower cumulative incidence rate of HCC over the first 10 years of aspirin treatment (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

The HCC incidence rate was lower in the aspirin-using HCV carriers than in the non- aspirin-using HCV carriers, indicating that the effects of aspirin might occur through inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzyme pathway. Moreover, protection from HCC was provided by less than a year of aspirin treatment, while treatment with aspirin for 1 to 2 years exhibited the greatest protective effect. We therefore encourage aspirin treatment to prevent HCC in HCV carriers.
Monitoring in practice – How are UK academic clinical trials monitored? A survey
Authors: Love Sharon B. , Yorke-Edwards Victoria , Lensen Sarah , Sydes Matthew R.
Published: January 2020

Background

Despite the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) encouraging the use of risk-based monitoring for trials in 2013, there remains a lack of evidence-based guidelines on how to monitor. We surveyed the academic United Kingdom Clinical Research Collaboration (UKCRC) registered clinical trials units (CTUs) to find out their policy on monitoring of phase III randomised clinical trials of an investigational medicinal product (CTIMPs).

Methods

An online survey of monitoring policy with sections on the CTU, central monitoring and on-site monitoring was sent to all 50 UKCRC registered CTUs in November 2018.

Descriptive data analysis and tabulations are reported using the total number answering each question.

Results

A total of 43/50 (86%) of CTUs responded with 38 conducting phase III randomised CTIMP trials. Of these 38 CTUs, 34 finished the survey. Most CTUs (36/37, 97%) use a central monitoring process to guide, target or supplement site visits. More than half (19/36, 53%) of CTUs do not use an automated monitoring report when centrally monitoring trials and all units use trial team knowledge to make a final decision on whether an on-site visit is required.

A total of 31/34 (91%) CTUs used triggers to decide whether or not to conduct an on-site monitoring visit. On-site, a mixture of source data verification and checking of processes was carried out.

The CTUs overwhelmingly (27/34, 79%) selected optimising central monitoring as their most pressing concern.

Conclusion

The survey showed a wide variation in phase III randomised CTIMP trial monitoring practices by academic clinical trials units within a single research-active country. We urgently need to develop evidence-based regulator-agreed guidance for CTUs on best practice for both central and on-site monitoring and to develop tools for all CTUs to use.
Mircrining the injured heart with stem cell-derived exosomes: an emerging strategy of cell-free therapy
Authors: Haider Khawaja Husnain , Aramini Beatrice
Published: January 2020

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have successfully progressed to phase III clinical trials successive to an intensive in vitro and pre-clinical assessment in experimental animal models of ischemic myocardial injury. With scanty evidence regarding their cardiogenic differentiation in the recipient patients’ hearts post-engraftment, paracrine secretion of bioactive molecules is being accepted as the most probable underlying mechanism to interpret the beneficial effects of cell therapy. Secretion of small non-coding microRNA (miR) constitutes an integral part of the paracrine activity of stem cells, and there is emerging interest in miRs’ delivery to the heart as part of cell-free therapy to exploit their integral role in various cellular processes. MSCs also release membrane vesicles of diverse sizes loaded with a wide array of miRs as part of their paracrine secretions primarily for intercellular communication and to shuttle genetic material. Exosomes can also be loaded with miRs of interest for delivery to the organs of interest including the heart, and hence, exosome-based cell-free therapy is being assessed for cell-free therapy as an alternative to cell-based therapy. This review of literature provides an update on cell-free therapy with primary focus on exosomes derived from BM-derived MSCs for myocardial repair.
Estrogen modulation of pain perception with a novel 17β-estradiol pretreatment regime in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Zhang Wenxin , Wu Hui , Xu Qi , Chen Sheng , Sun Lihong , Jiao Cuicui , Wang Luyang , Fu Feng , Feng Ying , Qian Xiaowei , Chen Xinzhong
Published: January 2020

Estrogen plays substantial roles in pain modulation; however, studies concerning sex hormones and nociception often yield confusing results. The discrepancy could be a result of lack of consensus to regard estrogen as a variable when working with animal models; thus, the influence of hormones’ fluctuations on nociception has continually been neglected. In the present study, we designed a novel hormone substitution model to aid us to evaluate the effects of estrogen’s long-term alterations on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and the expression of estrogen receptors(ERs). OVX rats were implanted with slow-release estrogen pellets at differently arranged time points and doses, such that a gradual elevation or decrease of serum estrogen levels following a relatively stable period of estrogen replacement was achieved in rats. Our results demonstrated that gradual estrogen depletion rather than elevation following the stable period of estrogen substitution in OVX rats alleviated OVX-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in a dose-independent manner, and the opposite estrogen increase or decrease paradigms differently regulate the expression of spinal ERs. Specifically, in rats rendered to continuously increased serum estrogen, the early phase estrogen-induced anti-nociception effect in OVX rats was eliminated, which was accompanied by an over-activation of ERα and a strong depression of ERβ, while in the OVX rats subject to gradual decrease of estrogen replacement, both ERα and ERβ increased modestly compared with the OVX group. Thus, the present study demonstrated that estrogen increase or decrease modulate nociception differently through change of spinal ERs.
The antagonism of 6-shogaol in high-glucose-activated NLRP3 inflammasome and consequent calcification of human artery smooth muscle cells
Authors: Chen Te-Chuan , Yen Chia-Kung , Lu Ying-Chen , Shi Chung-Sheng , Hsieh Rong-Ze , Chang Shun-Fu , Chen Cheng-Nan
Published: January 2020

Background

Vascular calcification is the major reason for high mortality of cardiovascular complications for diabetes. Interleukin (IL)-1β has been implicated in this pathogenesis, but its precise role and clinical evidence have not been clearly identified. Hence, this study was aimed to investigate whether high concentration of glucose (HG), which mimics the hyperglycemia environment, could initiate vascular calcification through NLRP3/IL-1β inflammasome and the underlying mechanism. Recently, 6-shogaol, a major ginger derivate, has been elucidated its pharmaceutic role for various diseases. Therefore, the aims of this study also determined 6-shogaol effect in vascular calcification of HG initiation.

Result

Human artery smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were used in this study. Glucose concentrations at 5 and 25 mM were defined as normal and HG status, respectively. The results showed that HG could increase the NLRP3, cleaved caspase 1, and pro/mature IL-1β levels to induce the expressions of bone-related matrix proteins and subsequent HASMC calcification. This process was regulated by Akt activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, 6-shogaol could inhibit the Akt/ROS signaling and NLRP3/caspase 1/IL-1β inflammasome and hence attenuated HASMC calcification.

Conclusions

This study elucidates the detailed mechanism of HG-initiated HASMC calcification through NLRP3/caspase 1/IL-1β inflammasome and indicates a potential therapeutic role of 6-shogaol in vascular calcification complication of diabetes.
On a new Hilbert-type integral inequality involving the upper limit functions
Authors: Mo Hongmin , Yang Bicheng
Published: January 2020

By applying the weight functions and the idea of introduced parameters we give a new Hilbert-type integral inequality involving the upper limit functions and the beta and gamma functions. We consider equivalent statements of the best possible constant factor related to a few parameters. As applications, we obtain a corollary in the case of a nonhomogeneous kernel and some particular inequalities.
Benefits of high-resolution downscaling experiments for assessing strong wind hazard at local scales in complex terrain: a case study of Typhoon Songda (2004)
Authors: Takemi Tetsuya , Ito Rui
Published: January 2020

This study investigated the representation of surface winds in complex terrain during the passage of Typhoon Sondga (2004) in downscaling simulations with the horizontal grid spacing of 200 m. The mountainous areas in Hokkaido where forest damages occurred in the typhoon event were chosen for the present analysis. The 200 m grid simulations were compared with the simulations with the grid spacing of 1 km. The 200 m grid simulations clearly indicated more enhanced and more frequent extremes both in the stronger and weaker ranges of surface winds than the 1 km grid case. Both in the 200 m grid and 1 km grid cases, the mean and maximum winds in the analysis areas during the simulated time period increase with the increase in the terrain slope angle, but in the 200 m grid case, the relationships of the mean and maximum winds against the terrain slope angle includes wide scatter. In this way, the response of the wind representations to the grid spacing appears differently between the 200 m and 1 km grid cases. A parameter characterized subgrid-scale orography was used to quantify the influences of the terrain complexity on surface winds, demonstrating that the area-maxima and spatial variance of surface winds are more enhanced with the increase in the subgrid-scale orography in the higher-resolution case. It is suggested that the high-resolution simulations at the 200 m grid highlight the fluctuating nature of surface winds in complex terrain, because of the better representation of the model terrain at 200 m. Benefits of the representation of surface winds in simulations at the resolution on the order of 100 m are due to the better representation of complex terrain, which enables to quantitatively assess the impacts of strong winds on forest and natural vegetation in complex terrain.
A long-term survivor of recurrent esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma treated with multidisciplinary therapy: a case report
Authors: Tanaka Takako , Arigami Takaaki , Uenosono Yoshikazu , Yanagita Shigehiro , Matsushita Daisuke , Okubo Keishi , Kijima Takashi , Uchikado Yasuto , Kita Yoshiaki , Mori Shinichiro , Sasaki Ken , Omoto Itaru , Kurahara Hiroshi , Maemura Kosei , Ishigami Sumiya , Natsugoe Shoji
Published: January 2020

Background

Patients with esophagogastric junction cancer are increasing in Western and Eastern countries. Conversely, the clinical significance of surgical resection remains controversial in these patients. We report a long-term survivor of recurrent esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma who underwent constructive multimodal therapy, including surgical resection.

Case presentation

A 51-year-old man underwent total gastrectomy for esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma in 2009. In June 2010, computed tomography (CT) indicated a lung nodule and we partially resected the right lower lung. It was pathologically diagnosed as distant metastasis from esophagogastric junction cancer. After lung resection, he received adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 for 1 year. In September 2014, CT demonstrated a swelling of the upper mediastinal lymph node with abnormal uptake on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. We performed an ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy, and he was diagnosed with lymph nodal recurrence of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma by pathological examination and was subsequently treated with capecitabine plus cisplatin plus trastuzumab. Since CT showed a reduction in the metastatic upper mediastinal lymph node after chemotherapy, he underwent upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy in April 2015. Following surgery, we provided radiation therapy to the upper mediastinum and chemotherapy with S-1. At the last report, the patient was alive for 8 years and 3 months since the first surgery.

Conclusions

This case report shows the clinical benefit of constructive multimodal therapy for recurrent esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma.
Relationship between blood pressure response during hemodialysis and exercise tolerance or heart rate recovery measured using cardio-pulmonary exercise testing in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Yabe Hiroki , Kono Kenichi , Shiraki Ryota , Masuda Akiho , Moriyama Yoshifumi , Kasuga Hirotake
Published: January 2020

Background

This study investigated the association between the blood pressure response during hemodialysis (HD) and exercise tolerance or heart rate recovery (HRR) measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX).

Methods

The study enrolled 23 patients who had been undergoing 4-h regular maintenance HD. The maximum workload (Loadpeak), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), workload and oxygen uptake at the anaerobic threshold (LoadAT and VO2AT, respectively), and HRR were measured with CPX. The average systolic blood pressure during HD (SBPav) was measured, and the number of times the SBP was less than 100 mmHg was determined in the 2-week period after CPX.

Results

The SBPav showed a significant correlation with LoadAT (r = 0.46) and Loadpeak (r = 0.43, p < 0.05). The number of times the SBP was less than 100 mmHg showed a significant correlation with the HRR (r = − 0.44, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Exercise intolerance and HRR in HD patients may be associated with blood pressure instability during HD.
Characteristics of symptom burden in atrial fibrillation with concomitant heart failure
Authors: Heo Ran , Cha Myung-Jin , Kim Tae-Hoon , Lee Jung Myung , Park Junbeom , Park Hyung Wook , Kang Ki-Woon , Shim Jaemin , Uhm Jae-Sun , Kim Jun , Kim Jin-Bae , Kim Changsoo , Lee Young Soo , Choi Eue-Keun , Joung Boyoung , Park Jin-Kyu
Published: January 2020

Background

Symptom burden is an important factor in determining the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is frequently accompanied by heart failure (HF). This study investigated the characteristics of AF symptoms with concomitant HF.

Methods

A total of 4885 patients with AF were consecutively enrolled through a prospective observational registry (the Comparison Study of Drugs for Symptom Control and Complication Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation [CODE-AF] registry). Clinically diagnosed HF was divided into three categories (preserved, mid-range, and reduced ejection fraction [EF]). Symptom severity was assessed using the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) classification.

Results

The presence of AF-related symptoms was comparable irrespective of concomitant HF. Patients with HF with reduced EF demonstrated severe (EHRA classes 3 and 4) and atypical symptoms. HF with preserved EF was also associated with atypical symptoms. Female sex and AF type were associated with the presence of symptoms in AF without HF, and non-maintenance of sinus rhythm and increased left atrial pressure (E/e′ ≥ 15) were factors related to the presence of symptoms in AF with HF.

Conclusion

AF with concomitant HF presented with more severe and atypical symptoms than AF without HF. Maintaining the sinus rhythm and reducing the E/e’ ratio are important factors for reducing symptoms in AF with concomitant HF.
Emerging functional materials based on chemically designed molecular recognition
Authors: Chen Wei , Tian Xiaohua , He Wenbo , Li Jianwei , Feng Yonghai , Pan Guoqing
Published: January 2020

The specific interactions responsible for molecular recognition play a crucial role in the fundamental functions of biological systems. Mimicking these interactions remains one of the overriding challenges for advances in both fundamental research in biochemistry and applications in material science. However, current molecular recognition systems based on host–guest supramolecular chemistry rely on familiar platforms (e.g., cyclodextrins, crown ethers, cucurbiturils, calixarenes, etc.) for orienting functionality. These platforms limit the opportunity for diversification of function, especially considering the vast demands in modern material science. Rational design of novel receptor-like systems for both biological and chemical recognition is important for the development of diverse functional materials. In this review, we focus on recent progress in chemically designed molecular recognition and their applications in material science. After a brief introduction to representative strategies, we describe selected advances in these emerging fields. The developed functional materials with dynamic properties including molecular assembly, enzyme-like and bio-recognition abilities are highlighted. We have also selected materials with dynamic properties in contract to traditional supramolecular host–guest systems. Finally, the current limitations and some future trends of these systems are discussed.
Global optimization to retrieve borehole-derived petrophysical properties of carbonates
Authors: Shahin Alireza , Myers Mike , Hathon Lori
Published: January 2020

Joint modeling and inversion of frequency-dependent dielectric constant and electrical resistivity well-log measurements has been addressed in literature in recent years. However, this problem is not studied for dual-porosity carbonate formations. Besides, the salinity and matrix dielectric constant are presumed to be known in previous studies. We have combined a model for brine dielectric constant and two laboratory-supported models for the electrical resistivity and dielectric constant of dual-porosity carbonates. Using this methodology, we replicate electrical resistivity and dielectric well-log measurements. Using a stochastic global optimization algorithm, we formulate a joint inversion workflow to estimate petrophysical properties of interest. For a constructed dual-porosity carbonate reservoir, we determine that the inversion workflow matches the forward-modeled data for the oil column, water column, and transition zone. We also found that our inversion workflow is capable to retrieve local model parameters (water-filled intergranular porosity and water-filled vuggy porosity) and global model parameters (matrix dielectric constant, lithology exponents for intergranular and vuggy pores, and salinity) with reasonable accuracy.
Normative and Legal Asрects of a Tourist Activity in Ukraine
Authors: Savchuk Yullia , Maslova Yuliia
Published: January 2020

The article outlines the general principles of legal regulation of tourist and tourist agency activities. The main differences between the tourist operator and the travel agent in accordance with the Law of Ukraine «On Tourism» are investigated.
Gender policy in Ukraine: features of legislative practice
Authors: Novak Vadym , Maslova Yuliia , Zukow Walery
Published: January 2020

The article analyses the main legislative and theoretical initiatives of Ukraine, as a state unit, regarding the implementation of gender policy, observance and realization of equal rights and opportunities of men and women in all spheres of public life of the state.
EQUILIBRIUM MOLECULAR DYNAMICS CALCULATIONS OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY: A “HOW-TO” FOR THE BEGINNERS
Authors: Alexander Jude S. , Maxwell Christopher , Pencer Jeremy , Saoudi Mouna
Published: January 2020

The ready availability of codes such as LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator) for molecular dynamics simulations has opened up the realm of atomistic modelling to novice code users with an interest in computational materials modelling but who lack the appropriate theoretical or computational background. As such, there is significant risk of the “user effect” having a negative impact on the quality of results obtained using such codes. Here, we present a “how-to” procedure for equilibrium molecular dynamics-based nuclear fuel thermal conductivity calculations using the Green–Kubo method with an interatomic potential developed by Cooper et al. [ 1 ]. The various steps of the simulation are identified and explained, along with criteria to assess the quality of the intermediate and final results, discussion of some problems that can arise during a simulation, and some inherent limitations of the method. Calculated thermal conductivities for UO2 and ThO2 will be compared with the available experimental data and also with similar thermal conductivity calculations using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics, reported in the open literature.
DIFFERENCES IN EXIT BURNUP, DEPLETION, AND FUEL REACTIVITY CALCULATIONS ARISING FROM THE CHOICE OF MODELLING CODE FOR BUNDLES WITH THORIUM AND URANIUM
Authors: Edwards Geoffrey W.R. , Colton Ashlea V. , Bromley Blair P.
Published: January 2020

A computational benchmark, using the deterministic codes WIMS-AECL and WOBI, and the stochastic code SERPENT, is made for burnup calculations of advanced thorium fuels in heavy water moderated reactors. Exit burnups and the concentration of the longer-lived actinides from the deterministic code set of WIMS-AECL and WOBI, which are 2-D, were compared to those from a full 3-D calculation in SERPENT. Results for reactivity vs. time are in general agreement to within a few mk (<1% in overall neutron multiplication) and appear to be systematic. Results for exit burnup were larger, in the 3%–6% range, because small reactivity effects can be amplified here.
Rare health conditions 31: infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, progressive hemifacial atrophy, acquired prosopagnosia; and offering emotional and psychological support
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this series is to highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than 1 person in every 2000 and many HCAs and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of them. This 31st article will explore three of these conditions, as well as offering a brief discussion on meeting the emotional and psychological needs of the person.
Working towards the trans-inclusive workforce
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: January 2020

This article discusses the transgender workforce. There are a number of terms used when discussing trans and transgender; the article provides insight into some of the terminology used and a glossary is provided.

There are more and more employees in the workplace with gender identities and expressions that can be different to what is often considered ‘gender’ and these are discussed, along with statutory duties.

Discrimination is considered, as is what role the healthcare assistant and assistant practitioner (HCA and AP) can play in being an ally to transgendered people.

Respect and understanding are key issues that have been highlighted throughout.
Midwifery and the 2020 Nightingale bicentenary celebrations
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: January 2020

Ian Peate, editor-in-chief of the British Journal of Nursing, comments on the impact Florence Nightingale continues to have on the nursing and midwifery professions today
Non-invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Winter George F
Published: January 2020

George F Winter shares his views on NIPT and how it influences decision-making
Volunteering with Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh
Authors: Johnston Maria
Published: January 2020

Maria Johnston shares her experience as a volunteer midwife at the HOPE Field hospital in the world's largest refugee camp—Kutupalong, Bangladesh
Strategies to ensure that all patients have a personalised nursing care plan
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: January 2020

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses processes for ensuring that all patients have an up-to-date personalised care plan that details all their care needs during admission to hospital
The relevance of law to patient safety education and training
Authors: Tingle John
Published: January 2020

John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses how a study of law can enhance a patient safety syllabus
A vision for nursing in Pakistan: is the change we need possible?
Authors: Yaqoob Adnan
Published: January 2020

Adnan Yaqoob, Assistant Professor, Lahore School of Nursing, The University of Lahore, sets out his vision for the future of nursing in Pakistan
The role of the healthcare environment in the acquisition of infection
Authors: Doherty Tracy
Published: January 2020

Tracy Doherty, Assistant Director of Infection Prevention & Control, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co Louth, discusses the maintenance of a clean healthcare environment
What is a primary care advanced practice role in Cornwall?
Authors: Barea Sarah
Published: January 2020

In this quantitative study, Sarah Barea analyses the current advanced practice roles in primary care in Cornwall

Aim:

To analyse current primary care advanced practice roles in Cornwall, measured against Health Education England's Multi-Professional Framework for Advanced Clinical Practice.

Method:

A quantitative questionnaire was sent to all primary care practitioners in the county practicing with an advanced title.

Findings:

In total, 34 respondents (approximately 60% of those invited) took part. Practitioners have a broad spectrum of experience and education and varied scope of clinical practice. The grading of roles does not compare with educational level, experience or scope of practice. This is consistent with current literature which explores the need to regulate the role.

Conclusion:

If the Advanced Practice Framework is implemented as planned, then there are gaps in current practice that need to be addressed in order to ensure practitioners have the competencies to provide safe, autonomous practice.
The 2020 Year of the Nurse and Midwife and Nightingale bicentenary celebrations
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: January 2020

The year 2020 is International Year of the Nurse and Midwife and the 200th anniversary of Florence Nightingale's birth. Ian Peate celebrates the role practice nurses have to play in improving the health of the communities they serve
Understanding the NICE guidance on endometriosis
Authors: Norton Wendy , Holloway Debby
Published: January 2020

Wendy Norton and Debby Holloway provide an overview of endometriosis and identify the role of the practice nurse in supporting women with this diagnosis through their patient journey, referencing best practice from NICE guidelines

Endometriosis is a long-term gynaecological condition where endometrial tissue forms lesions outside the uterus, resulting in internal bleeding, inflammation, fibrosis, and adhesion formation. The condition is estimated to affect between 2 and 10% of women in the general population, but up to 50% of women with infertility, and can have a significant impact on women's, and their partners', lives. Endometriosis is often misunderstood and misdiagnosed, leading to reported lengthy delays in achieving a correct diagnosis. In 2017 and 2018, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) released guidelines and quality standards on managing endometriosis. Nurses working in primary care services play an important role in raising awareness of this condition and providing holistic, individualised care for women with endometriosis.
Documentation of Underutilized Fruit Trees (UFTs) across indigenous communities in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fikry Pratama Mochammad , ANGGA DWIARTAMA  , DIAN ROSLEINE  , RIZQI ABDULHARIS  , ARIFIN SURYA DWIPA IRSYAM
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Pratama MF, Dwiartama A, Rosleine D, Abdulharis R, Irsyam ASD. 2019. Documentation of Underutilized Fruit Trees (UFTs) across indigenous communities in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2603-2611. Fruit as a source of food has been mostly underrated, while in fact play a role in providing nutritional security as well as contributing to the integrity of local ecosystems. The declining significance of local indigenous fruits, often referred to as underutilized fruits, in rural populations may have an unprecedented consequence to the availability of high-quality resources for the wider society. This article, therefore, sees this importance by documenting the existence of underutilized fruit-trees across indigenous communities, often acknowledged to be the chaperones of local biodiversity. Using a combined method of interviews, exploratory observation and vegetation analysis in seven indigenous communities in West Java Province, this study investigated the role and position of fruit-tree species in their ecological landscapes and communities' knowledge systems. The article documents 75 fruit tree species, 38 out of which are categorized as underutilized. The proportion of this group of species to the total fruit tree species varied between 0 to 45%. Further analysis found that the underutilized fruit trees were far smaller in abundance compared to commercial timber, fruit, and other trees. We conclude that efforts to uplift the conservation value of these fruit-trees can begin via promotion and market development by multiple stakeholders.