bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systemic anaphylaxis following centipede envenomation: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Nayak Chitralekha A. , Naik Vijay R. , Kurdikar Samidha U. , Pereira Myla I.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Centipede envenomation is usually not life-threatening. They usually present with local symptoms of swelling and pain. Centipede venoms contain large amounts of allergenic proteins that can pose a risk of allergic complications following the bite. Here, we report a rare but important case of systemic anaphylaxis in the form of abdominal pain immediately following a centipede bite that subsided after adrenaline administration. Knowledge of this systemic anaphylaxis is essential for timely management of centipede envenomation.
Association between QTc and Poincare plot in polycystic ovary syndrome in young adolescents: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Velusami Deepika , Krishnamurthy Soundariya , Abiharini Subramoniam
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

PCOS is one of the most neglected noncommunicable diseases, and early detection would be of great value to primary care physicians. Sympathovagal imbalance detected using heart rate variability (HRV) can be used to detect early autonomic changes if any.

Aim:

The present study aimed to evaluate QTc and Poincare plot (nonlinear analysis of HRV) in young adolescent PCOS patients.

Materials and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional study involving 25 PCOS and 25 healthy individuals of age group 12–18 years. HRV was evaluated using the lead II ECG for 10 min from which QTc was calculated manually using the Bazett formula. Student’s t-test was used to assess differences between means. A P value < 0.05 was taken for statistical significance. The association between QTc and Poincare plot descriptors was assessed by Pearson’s correlation analysis.

Results:

HRV linear analysis domain represented as the LF/HF ratio was reported to significantly increased among the PCOS group (P = 0.04). Similarly, the nonlinear analysis of HRV by Poincare plot reported a significant decrease in SD1 (P = 0.04) and SD2 (P = 0.02). The heart rate was significantly increased among the PCOS group (P < 0.001). QTc did not show any significant increase among the PCOS group (P = 0.09). QTc was reported to be positively correlated with SD1 (r = 0.37, P < 0.01), SD2 (r-0.33, P = 0.02), LF HF ratio (r = 0.52, P < 0.001), and BMI (r = 0.92, P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion:

The study suggests that HRV nonlinear analysis can be used as a simple noninvasive tool to evaluate cardiovascular autonomic changes.
Role of decompression in pediatric mandibular odontogenic keratocyst
Authors: Chaudhary Zainab , Bansal Neeraj , Sharma Chayanika , Nehra Abhinav
Published: November 2024

Special care is required for the management of jaw lesions in pediatric population. The following article describes the decompression technique as the least aggressive approach for the management of pediatric mandibular odontogenic keratocyst. A custom-made acrylic splint was fabricated around teeth, and it was attached to a piece of Foley’s catheter to be used as a decompression port. Subsequent radiographs revealed a decrease in the size of radiolucency, bone formation, and eruption of permanent premolars during a time period of 1 year only. This technique prevents damage to permanent tooth buds, vital anatomic structures like inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle, and fracture of bone which may occur with other common techniques of management of odontogenic keratocyst.
Hyena bite: A rare intriguing mode of maxillofacial injury, its management, risks involved, scenarios to avoid
Authors: Mahajan Arjun , Jaiswara Chandresh , Dhiman Neeraj Kumar , Krishnan Aswathi
Published: November 2024

The striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) is a rarely spotted carnivore in India listed as Near Threatened (red list) by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2014. Hyena is considered as scavenger but also executes rare opportunistic attacks on humans. In India, reported cases of hyena attack on humans are very rare, because of remote locations of these attacks majority of which go unreported to higher medical centres. This article describes about the circumstances and management of Hyena inflicted maxillofacial injury in North India, which is as per our knowledge first scientifically documented maxillofacial injury caused by Hyena in Indian subcontinent.
A rare case of bone lesion: Mandible’s fibrous dysplasia
Authors: Fusari Pietro , Guerri Federico , Arcari Matteo , Sardella Andrea
Published: November 2024

Fibrous dysplasia is a rare genetic syndrome that affects bone tissue. This pathology replaces the mineralized matrix of the bone affected with connective and fibrous tissue. This article describes a mandibular fibrous osseous dysplasia case and its surgical treatment. A 45-year-old woman complained about a slow development of swelling of the left mandibular bone. The orthopantomography (OPT) and the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed a well-circumscribed sclerotic lesion with a ground-glass appearance apical to the 3.5 element. The surgery was performed to excise the lesion. Anatomopathological examination of tissue confirmed the suspects among the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia. The patient underwent to follow-up of 4 years, and no recurrences were found. In the absence of a univocal consensus on therapy, surgery remains the treatment of choice for unifocal forms.
Immediate dental implant placement with and without Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) in esthetic zone: A comparative study
Authors: Iram Jan , Ajaz Shah , Hussain Sheikh Shujah , Irshad Ahmed , Shahid Hassan , Jahangir Irfan
Published: November 2024

Context:

Biomaterials such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have shown to improve healing and osseointegration.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to clinically and radiographically evaluate and compare immediate implants placed with and without PRF.

Settings and Design:

This prospective and comparative study was conducted among 30 patients in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Govt. Dental College and Hospital, Srinagar.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty subjects were randomly divided into two groups: group A or PRF group and group B or non-PRF group with fifteen patients in each group. Clinical parameters such as implant mobility and bleeding on probing were recorded. The radiographic parameters such as bone density in Hounsfield units (HU) and marginal bone loss (mm) were measured using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Statistical Analysis Used:

For intergroup analysis of data, Student’s independent t-test and Chi-square test were employed. The paired t-test and McNemar test were applied for intragroup analysis of data.

Results:

No significant difference in the mean marginal bone level scores between PRF group and non-PRF group (intergroup) at baseline and at 3 months was observed. A Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean bone density (HU) in the PRF group (intragroup) between baseline and 3 months and also in bleeding on probing between baseline and 6 months in the PRF group (intragroup).

Conclusions:

The results highlighted the promising but transitory effects of (PRF) membrane in immediate implants and showed an improvement in peri-implant bone density, which improves implant stability and subsequent long implant survival and prognosis.
Association of self-reported bruxism and academic performance in Jazan University dental students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bakri Mohammed M. , Aljabri Mohammed Y. , Hezam Asma Ali Ali , Abiri Zahra A. , Mubaraky Laila M. , Alhamidhi Asma A. , Alfaifi Asma , Abuillah Mohammed Jabril
Published: November 2024

Aims:

The purpose of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to investigate the association between self-reported bruxism and academic performance among dental students at Jazan University.

Material and Methods:

One hundred sixty-eight students (73 males and 95 females) were evaluated in this study, between the age groups of 18 years and above. Self-reported bruxism was measured by utilizing a customized questionnaire. Academic performance was analyzed using participants’ grade point average (GPA) for the year. Independent t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to find the association between the self-reported bruxism and the covariate-adjusted analysis (CI 95%). The Spearmen correlation coefficient was utilized to find the correlation between the variables.

Results:

The reported prevalence of self-reported bruxism was 66.25% between both genders. Males (mean = 36.86) have lower bruxism scores compared to females (mean = 42.14), suggesting a potential gender-based difference in bruxism severity. A moderate positive correlation is observed between self-reported stress levels and bruxism scores (r = 0.268**, P < 0.01), indicating that as stress levels increase, there is a tendency for bruxism scores to also increase. A weak negative correlation is observed between academic performance and bruxism scores (r = -0.034, P > 0.05), suggesting a minimal association between academic performance and bruxism severity. However, bruxism score was higher among females with higher GPA.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrated a weak negative association between self-reported bruxism and academic performance. It was noteworthy that females with higher GPA and low socioeconomic status had higher bruxism scores compared to males.
Conventional chemoradiation versus accelerated chemoradiation: A prospective study in oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Singh Sharad , Singh Gaurav
Published: November 2024

Background:

Squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck is predominantly a loco regional disease, and the primary treatment methods are surgery and radiotherapy. For patients with locally-regionally advanced oropharyngeal cancer, concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment.

Material and Method:

The aim and objectives of study were a) to compare locoregional response in two arms, b) to compare acute and chronic treatment-related toxicities in the two arms, and c) to compare the quality of life. The study was conducted between August 2014 and April 2016, with 86 patients of histologically proven squamous-cell carcinoma of oropharynx. This is a prospective trial to assess the suitability of five versus six weekly radiotherapy fractions, along with concurrent cisplatin, given to the same total dose, in all stages of oropharyngeal cancer patients.

Result:

Patients were randomized into two arms: conventional arm (Arm A), which received 5 fractions per week RT -70GY/7 weeks/35#, and accelerated arm (Arm B), which received 6 fractions per week RT -70GY/6 weeks/35. Locoregional squamous-cell carcinoma improved significantly in the accelerated fractionation group compared with that in the conventional RT group.

Conclusion:

Accelerated RT enhances improvement of locoregional control in the squamous-cell carcinoma of head and neck region, with reduction in overall treatment time and concurrent chemotherapy. Locoregional control of carcinoma improved significantly in the accelerated fractionation group compared with that in the conventional RT group.
Effect of “platelet rich” fibrin with bone marrow aspirate on the regenerative capacity of alveolar bone grafting with iliac bone graft: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Desai Anil Kumar , Byadgi Akshay A. , Kumar Niranjan , Janardhan Anusha , Manjunath Tejaswini
Published: November 2024

Objectives of the Study:

(1) To evaluate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with bone marrow aspirate on regenerative capacity in patients undergoing iliac bone grafting for secondary alveolar bone grafting. (2) and to compare it with group 2 where only bone marrow aspirate was used along with iliac bone graft in secondary alveolar bone grafting.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study on patients with cleft alveolus, requiring bone grafting and reporting to our unit from October 2018 to October 2020 was included in this study. Group 1 (bone marrow aspirate with PRF along with cancellous iliac bone graft) and Group 2 (bone marrow aspirate concentrate and cancellous Iliac bone graft without PRF). Computerized tomography (CT) scan was done to assess the volume of defect at the following intervals: Pre-op, immediate post-op, and 12 months. The outcome is assessed using a CT scan by statistical analysis.

Results:

Mean cleft alveolus volume measured preoperatively in group 1 was 2.5cc, post-operatively measured immediately was 3.2cc, and 12 months post-operative was 2.2cc. Mean volume defect in group 2 is 2.3cc, post-operatively measured immediately was 2.6 cc, and 12 months post-operative was 1.9cc. The average resorption rate at immediate post-op to 12 months interval in group 1 was 25% and in group 2 was 30%. The overall percentage of regenerated bone in group 1 was 75% whereas in group 2 it was 70%.

Conclusion:

Platelet-rich fibrin in combination with bone marrow aspirate and autogenous bone was beneficial in improving the volume of newly formed bone in the reconstruction of the cleft defect and also results in greater osteogenic effect which increases new bone regeneration and better wound healing.
Effect of relaxing sounds on anxiety levels in patients undergoing dental extraction: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Assari Ahmad , AlShamrani Hatoon Abdullah , Alquraishi Shaden Ibrahim , Alghashim Abdullah Homoud , Alqhtani Nasser Raqe
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

The study was conducted to observe the effect of using relaxing sounds as a nonpharmacological intervention on anxiety levels and vital signs among patients who underwent extraction.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized clinical trial was conducted, and patients with an indication of dental extraction, who were physically and mentally healthy, were invited to voluntarily participate in the study. Dental anxiety was assessed by measuring blood pressure, heart rates, and respiratory rates as well as with the help of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questionnaire before and after the procedure. Each participant was asked to choose a sound they preferred. All the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Software version 23, and the statistical significance level was fixed at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

Among the patients who underwent simple extraction, only the respiratory rate showed a statistically significant difference. The mean respiratory rate decreased from 19.24 to 17.59 after simple extraction. Among all the study variables, the MDAS score showed a statistically significant difference between the groups.

Conclusions:

The music group reported much less postoperative anxiety than the control group. These findings confirm the notion that the use of music selected by the patient during surgical extraction of an IMTM reduces anxiety substantially.
Assessment of the role of coronoid in restrictive jaw disorders and physiologic mandibular movements
Authors: Mehra Hemant , Gupta Hemant , Sarita  , Agarwal Rashmi , Mehra Priyanka , Thapa Timsy
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Restricted mouth opening has major health implications, such as malnutrition, difficulty in speech, and poor oral hygiene resulting in a functional shortage of the masticatory system. Reduced mouth opening can occur due to trismus, as in the oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) condition. Excision of fibrous bands in OSMF leads to reestablishment of the mouth opening. Other than trismus, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is another common condition that causes fibrosis or bony ankylosis between articular surfaces. Coronoidectomy is a useful procedure that various authors nowadays apply. It is the most popular surgical procedure used as a conventional method of treatment, which includes the detachment of temporalis muscle.

Materials and Methods:

A group of 15 patients with OSMF and TMJ ankylosis with written informed consent were selected for the study and were operated on under general anesthesia. Preoperative and postoperative assessment was done for bite force management, measuring and comparing mandibular movements, and the electromyography (EMG) study.

Results:

Statistical analysis shows the increase in maximum mouth opening and lateral excursions in OSMF and TMJ ankylosis patients on the seventh, 15th, 90th days, and six months postoperatively treated either without coronoidectomy and with coronoidectomy; however, there was no significant difference was found in mean EMG and bite force readings in both groups.

Conclusion:

The present study concludes that the coronoidectomy not only increases the mouth opening, but masticatory efficacy is also improved with an increase in mandibular movements postoperatively in patients with OSMF and TMJ ankylosis.
Metastasis to jaw bones from renal cell carcinoma as the sole primary source: Systematic review
Authors: Gupta Sonia , Vanka Aruna , Gupta Shreya , Prajapati Harnisha Vipulkumar , Shreevats Ruchira , Pangarkar Manasi , Desai Mrunali , Raj Arun , Matcheswala Fatema
Published: November 2024

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been known for its high propensity of metastasis to unusual locations, and jaw bones (JBs) are one among those sites. The literature has reported several studies analyzing metastatic tumors to the oral region, but very little research work has been published to date to analyze solely JB metastasis (JBM) via RCC. The goal of this study was to examine the published cases of metastasis to JBs from RCC as the sole primary source till date. An electronic search of the published literature was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines without publication year limitation in PubMed or MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Research Gate Databases, using MeSH keywords, such as (‘Renal cancer’, OR ‘Renal carcinoma’ OR ‘Renal cell cancer’ OR ‘Renal cell carcinoma’), AND (‘Metastasis’ OR ‘Metastases’) And (‘Jaw’ OR ‘Maxilla’ OR ‘Mandible’) And (‘Temporomandibular joint’ OR ‘Condyle’ OR ‘ Ramus’). We also searched all related journals manually. The reference list of all articles was also checked. Our research revealed a total of 56 relevant papers with 66 patients. The papers included were from 1939 to 2022. The mandible was the most predominant jaw affected than the maxilla. 19.7% of patients died with a mean survival time of 8.5 months. From the current research, it can be concluded that metastasis to JBs from RCC is a rare occurrence. A careful evaluation of these cases is needed to raise awareness of these lesions and gain a better understanding of their characteristics.
On some potential-theoretic problems related to the asymptotics of Hermite-Padé polynomials
Authors: Ikonomov Nikolay Rumenov , Suetin Sergey Pavlovich
Published: November 2024

Some mixed potential-theoretic equilibrium problems are treated. These problems are motivated by the asymptotic properties of rational approximants based on type II Hermite-Padé polynomials for Nikishin systems of functions.
Bibliography: 26 titles.
On the convergence sets of operator sequences on spaces of homogeneous type
Authors: Karagulyan Grigori Artashesovich
Published: November 2024

We consider sequences of operators $U_n\colon L^1(X)\to M(X)$, where $X$ is a space of homogeneous type. Under some conditions on the operators $U_n$ we give a complete characterization of convergence (divergence) sets of sequences of functions $U_n(f)$, where $f\in L^p(X)$, $1\le p\le \infty$. The results are applied to characterize the convergence sets of some specific operator sequences in classical analysis.
Bibliography: 44 titles.
Quantization dimension of probability measures
Authors: Ivanov Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: November 2024

The quantization dimension of a probability measure defined on a metric compact space $X$ is known not to exceed the box dimension of its support. It is proved that on any metric compact space of box dimension $\dim_BX=a\leq\infty$, for arbitrary two numbers $b\in[0,a]$ and $c\in[b,a]$ there is a probability measure such that its lower quantization dimension is $b$ and its upper quantization dimension is $c$.
Bibliography: 6 titles.
Marcinkiewicz's interpolation theorem for Hardy-type spaces and its applications
Authors: Krotov Veniamin Grigoryevich
Published: November 2024

A series of results similar to Marcinkiewicz's theorem on the interpolation of operators is put forward. The difference from the classical forms of this theorem is that spaces of integrable functions are replaced by some function classes that are extensions of various Hardy spaces.
Some applications of these results to the extension of Carleson's embedding theorem and the Hardy-Littlewood inequalities for analytic functions in Hardy classes are presented.
Bibliography: 41 titles.
On Grothendieck-type duality for spaces of holomorphic functions of several variables
Authors: Khoryakova Yulia Alexandrovna , Shlapunov Aleksandr Anatol'evich
Published: November 2024

We describe the strong dual space $({\mathcal O} (D))^*$ of the space ${\mathcal O} (D)$ of holomorphic functions of several complex variables in a bounded domain $D$ with Lipschitz boundary and connected complement (as usual, ${\mathcal O} (D)$ is endowed with the topology of local uniform convergence in $D$). We identify the dual space with the closed subspace of the space of harmonic functions on the closed set ${\mathbb C}^n\setminus D$, $n>1$, whose elements vanish at the point at infinity and satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann tangential conditions on $\partial D$. In particular, we generalize classical Grothendieck-Köthe-Sebastião e Silva duality for holomorphic functions of one variable to the multivariate situation. We prove that the duality we produce holds if and only if the space ${\mathcal O} (D)\cap H^1 (D)$ of Sobolev-class holomorphic functions in $D$ is dense in ${\mathcal O} (D)$.
Bibliography: 35 titles.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Kecemasan Ibu Hamil Trimester III Dalam Menghadapi Persalinan
Authors: Jannah Nunung , Mien Mien , Narmi Narmi
Published: November 2024

Kecemasan tinggi pada kehamilan akan berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan saraf janin yang berhubungan dengan kecerdasan, emosional hingga perilaku anak. Kecemasan ibu hamil trimester III perlu penanganan serius untuk menghindari dampak berupa komplikasi dan ipengaruh buruki terhadap fisik dan psikis yang keduanya saling terkait dan saling mempengaruhi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ipengetahuan dengan kecemasan ibu hamil trimester III dalam mengahadapi persalinan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasi dan pendekatan cross sectional study. Penelitian ini dilakukan di WilayahiKerja Puskesmas Oheo Kabupaten Konawe Utara dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 orang diambil dengan teknik Accidental sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakani instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner dan lembar pengukuran. Sedangkan teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah uji Spearman rank dengan menggunakan program komputer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan cukup tentang kehamilan trimester III (54,5%), sebagian besar responden mengalami kecemasan ringan yakni sebanyak 2 orang (66,7%) dan ada hubungan lemah antara hubungan pengetahuan dengan kecemasan ibu hamil trimester III dalam mengahadapi persalinan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Oheo KabupateniKonawe Utara (p = 0,028, r = 0.383).  Saran kepada ibu hamil agar lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang perubahan psikologis pada kehamilan trimester III sehingga dapat memanajemen kecemasan untuk menghindari risiko yang tidak diinginkan
Hubungan Self Care Management Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Diabetes Melitus Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Poasia Kota Kendari
Authors: Almaida Safia , Jasmin Muh , Herman Herman
Published: November 2024

Abstrak. Pendahuluan : Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah kondisi kronis di mana kadar glukosa darah meningkat karena pankreas tidak mampu memproduksi insulin. DM terus meningkat, termasuk di Indonesia, selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Penderita DM harus menjaga diri dengan baik karena hal tersebut sangat umum terjadi. Tujuan: di Puskesmas Poasia Kota Kendari untuk mengetahui bagaimana self care berdampak pada kualitas hidup penderita DM. Metode: Tujuan dari studi cross-sectional kuantitatif ini adalah untuk menentukan apakah manajemen perawatan diri berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup pasien DM. Hasil: Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pasien diabetes melitus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kota Kendari memiliki manajemen perawatan diri yang kurang baik dengan skor 27 (56,2%). Pasien diabetes melitus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Poasia Kota Kendari memiliki kualitas hidup cukup atau kurang dari cukup dengan skor 17 (35,4%). Hasil uji statistik chi-square diperoleh nilai P sebesar 0,003 (0,05). Kesimpulan: Pada poin ini terdapat hubungan antara kualitas hidup penderita diabetes melitus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Poasia Kota Kendari dengan manajemen perawatan diri.
 
AbsctractIntroduction : Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition in which blood glucose levels rise because the pancreas is unable to produce insulin. DM has continued to rise, including in Indonesia, over the past few years. DM sufferers must take good care of themselves because it is so common. Purpose: at the Poasia Community Health Center in Kendari City to find out how self-care impacts the quality of life of DM patients. Method: The aim of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to determine whether self-care management and DM patients' quality of life are linked. Results: The study found that diabetes mellitus patients in the Kendari City Public Health Center's working area had poor self-care management with a score of 27 (56.2%). Diabetes mellitus patients in the working area of the Poasia Public Health Center in Kendari City have a quality of life that is adequate or less than adequate with a score of 17 (35.4%). The results of the chi-square statistical test had a P value of 0.003 (0.05). Conclusion: At this point, there is a connection between diabetes mellitus patients' quality of life in the working area of the Poasia Health Center in Kendari City and self-care management.
ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ ИШЕМИЯ МОЗГА: СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА АКТУАЛЬНУЮ ПРОБЛЕМУ
Authors: В.В. Захаров , Д.О. Громова
Published: November 2024

В статье подробно рассматривается одна из наиболее часто встречающихся форм хронического нарушения мозгового кровообращения – хроническая ишемия мозга (ХИМ). К факторам риска развития ХИМ относятся различные заболевания с поражением сосудов небольшого калибра (микроангиопатия), такие как артериальная гипертензия, сахарный диабет, церебральная амилоидная ангиопатия, значительно реже – генетические васкулопатии, васкулиты и др. Описаны основные патогенетические механизмы формирования ХИМ: повторные инфаркты мозга без клиники инсульта, микрокровоизлияния, очаговые и диффузные изменения белого вещества (лейкоареоз). Самое раннее клиническое проявление хронического сосудистого поражения головного мозга – когнитивные нарушения (КН), которые преимущественно представлены расстройством внимания, управляющих и зрительно-пространственных функций при относительной сохранности памяти, часто в сочетании с эмоциональными расстройствами. При наличии сосудистых КН необходим тщательный контроль основных сердечно-сосудистых факторов риска, таких как артериальная гипертензия, дислипидемия, сахарный диабет и пр. Важным является назначение патогенетически обоснованной терапии, направленной на оптимизацию нейронального метаболизма, обеспечение нейропротекции и коррекцию эмоциональных нарушений.

The article examines in detail one of the most common forms of chronic cerebrovascular accident – chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI). Risk factors for CCI development include various diseases affecting small-caliber vessels (microangiopathy), such as: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, much less often – genetic vasculopathies, vasculitis, etc. The main pathogenetic mechanisms of CCI formation are described: repeated cerebral infarctions without stroke clinical picture, microbleeds, focal and diffuse changes in white matter (leukoaraiosis). The earliest clinical manifestation of chronic vascular cerebral damage is cognitive impairment (CI), which is mainly represented by attention disorder, executive and visual-spatial functions with relative preservation of memory, often in combination with emotional disorders. In the presence of vascular CI, careful monitoring of the main cardiovascular risk factors is necessary, such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, etc. It is important to prescribe pathogenetically substantiated therapy aimed at optimizing neuronal metabolism, ensuring neuroprotection and correcting emotional disorders.
Qualitative and quantitative interpretations of high-resolution aeromagnetic data of Saki-East area, for basement and structural framework
Authors: Adeniyi E. O. , Sunmonu L. A. , Oladejo Olagoke Peter , Ogunkoya Charles Olubunmi , Adedokun O. M. , Alao K. N.
Published: November 2024

Earth tremor is a small earthquake or seismic event that occurs in seismically unstable region. However there have been little information about the earth tremor before year 1987, but events between 1990 and 2000 have triggered further researches. This research work is aimed at qualitatively and quantitatively interpret high resolution aeromagnetic data of Saki-East area to provide basement and structural framework of the study area. The aeromagnetic data of the study area consisting of Igboho data sheet 200 and Lechilaku sheet 221 were processed using Oasis Montaj software and interpreted for mapping basement and structural stability in the area. Enhancement process was further carried out on the data to generate residual aeromagnetic data used in determining the lineament orientations in the study area. 3D Euler deconvolution and Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) techniques were implored to determine basement depth of subsurface geological structures. The result shows positive correlation with geologic structures, low magnetic anomalies revealed subsurface deformation of crystalline basement rocks. 3D Euler solutions for SI = 1 shows large clusters depicting geological bodies associating with faults. The magnetic basement depth from 3D Euler and SPI shows over 90% dominance of shallow depth range of 3-600 m in the study area, this revealed that the dominant shallow depth of magnetic basement causes the faulting system of the study area becoming weak zones through which tremor occurs. The lineaments in the study areas are classified into major and minor lineaments, the major lineaments are prominent within the basement rocks and are possibly produced by the regional historic orogenic movement that affected Nigeria basement.
Internalized Stigma and Psychological Distress among Mentally Ill People in Bangladesh
Authors: Mukta Sharmin Akter , . Fazilatunnasa , Akter Mosammet Khaleda
Published: November 2024

Objective: The study aimed to examine the relationship between internalized stigma and psychological distress among mentally ill people in Bangladesh. Method: A correlational study was conducted at the National Institute of Mental Health and Hospital Dhaka from January to December 2023. 101 participants were recruited using a convenient sampling technique. Face-to-face interviews with structured questionnaires collected data. After data collection, it was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: It was found that there was a highly positive correlation between stigma and psychological distress. Participant's gender, living area, and level of education were highly significant associations with internalized stigma. Psychological distress was highly correlated with gender, marital status, living status, and level of education. Conclusion: This study's findings help mental health nurses lessen internalized stigma and participant psychological distress; the study's baseline data may be utilized to develop evidence-based public health policy nationwide.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Banking Industry: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Zulfiqar Nayyab , Ghafoor Faizan , Idrees Muhammad , Raza Kashif
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the adoption and impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Pakistan’s banking sector, with a focus on Habib Bank Limited (HBL), Faysal Bank, and Bank Alfalah. The objective is to understand the extent to which AI technologies have transformed core activities within customer service, operations, fraud detection, and risk management in these banks. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with ten respondents, selected based on their experience with AI implementation. This qualitative methodology allows for in-depth insights into the functionality and challenges associated with AI in banking. Results reveal that AI has notably improved operational efficiency by streamlining risk management and enabling real-time fraud detection. Additionally, AI-driven chatbots and virtual assistants have enhanced customer experiences by offering faster and more personalized services. Despite these benefits, the study identifies significant challenges, particularly regarding data privacy and regulatory compliance, as well as the need for human resources to adapt to AI-enabled tools. Key pressures in the industry include building capabilities to work alongside AI while addressing concerns over automation. To maximize the advantages of AI, the study emphasizes the need for comprehensive policies that balance technological adoption with ethical considerations, data security, and staff training. Strategic planning in Pakistan’s banking sector will be crucial to harnessing AI’s potential while managing its risks.
Quantum Industry Future Viability and the Great Challenges
Authors: Faix Anna-Vanadis
Published: November 2024

The quantum computer is on the advance and is becoming better and more powerful. Although we cannot yet speak of a quantum advantage, we can already speak of a quantum utility (Fraunhofer, 2023). This new technology already offers many fields of applications and use for companies. And quantum computers can also help companies when it comes to fundamental dilemmas such as the trade-off between driving innovation and remaining competitive or the holistic promotion of sustainability within the global challenges of our time. A dilemma that is often inherent in innovations themselves. Some general insights into (normatively) "good" innovation or innovation quality in this context can be derived from the quantum computer as a tool for meta-innovation. Keywords: Quantum computer, AI, quantum computing, innovation, meta-innovation, digitalization, sustainability, global challenges, market competition, disruptive innovation
Exogenous Shock, Time Preference, and Utility Curvature
Authors: Ito Saki , Murata Kei
Published: November 2024

This paper analyzes the interaction between change in time preference caused by exogenous shock and utility curvature using a model of behavioral economics. Time preference is an important factor for determining individuals’ intertemporal choices in their daily lives. In traditional economics, individuals’ time discount rates have been assumed to be constant over their lives. However, behavioral economists point out that some individuals follow a hyperbolic discounting rate. Especially, recent some empirical studies reveal that individual’s preferences change through exogenous shocks such as natural disaster. This study considers the case that individuals prefer present consumption to future consumption because their expected utility from consumption falls by exogenous shock and analyzes the effect of their utility curvature. Keywords: Time preference, Economic shock, Life-cycle model
One Ocean – Stopping Oceanic Pollution is the biggest Challenge of Climate Change
Authors: Currie Carolyn V.
Published: November 2024

This is the first paper in a series on our oceans. There has been a concentration of climate change solutions on air pollution which ignores one vital factor. That the ocean covers 70 percent of Earth's surface, containing about 1.35 billion cubic kilometres of water, constituting about 97 percent of all water on Earth. The ocean’s size means that it plays a key role in determining weather patterns and hence both local and world climatic events. The critical role of the ocean is in balancing global temperatures as water absorbs heat in the summer and releases it in the winter. Without the ocean to help regulate global temperatures, Earth’s climate would be bitterly cold. This paper discusses reasons for dramatic changes in weather patterns known as catastrophic events, emphasizing the role of oceanic currents and pollution. The second paper will discuss solutions. Keywords: Climate change, pollution, carbon capture, oceanic biosphere, continental linkages, sewage
Universal Basic Income, Endogenous Fertility, and Human Capital Accumulation
Authors: Murata Kei
Published: November 2024

This paper analyzes the interaction among universal basic income, endogenous fertility, and human capital accumulation using an overlapping-generations model, which is mainly based on Groezen, Leers and Mejidam (2003) and Cardak (2004). Although Groezen, Leers and Mejidam (2003) consider child allowances financed by taxes in a model with endogenous fertility, they ignore educational expenditures and do not analyze human capital accumulation. Although Cardak (2004) considers human capital accumulation and assumes it is determined by governmental or parental expenditures on education and by parent’s human capital endowments, he ignores child allowances and assumes population size is constant in each period. Moreover, both Groezen, Leers and Mejidam (2003) and Cardak (2004) do not analyze universal basic income. This study introduces human capital accumulation in a model with endogenous fertility and assumes that child allowances are financed by income tax. In addition, we consider the case that universal basic income replaces child allowances and compare the effects of both systems on endogenous fertility and human capital accumulation. Keywords: Human capital, Endogenous fertility, Overlapping-generations, Universal basic income
Pengaruh Ajaran Islam terhadap Perilaku Generasi Muda
Authors: Munawir Munawir , Ummah Dwi Rahmatul , Putri Nasywa Zahrifa
Published: November 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang peran pendidikan agama islam dalam membentuk karakter religius siswa. Pendekatan Metode ini melibatkan analisis dan evaluasi  berbagai sumber informasi yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian yang sedang dibahas. Penelitian ini Dalam tinjauan pustaka, peneliti mengumpulkan, menyusun, dan menganalisis data dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, artikel, dan dokumen lain yang berkaitan dengan fokus penelitian. Pendidikan agama Islam adalah kunci pembentukan karakter generasi muda yang kuat. Ajaran Islam, seperti akidah, akhlak, dan syariah, memberikan dasar yang kokoh bagi pengembangan kepribadian yang bertanggung jawab.Penelitian membuktikan bahwa pendidikan agama Islam sangat penting dalam membentuk karakter generasi muda, terutama di era milenial. Dalam kondisi krisis moral saat ini, nilai-nilai Islam berperan krusial dalam membangun karakter bangsa. Pendidikan agama Islam tidak hanya mengajarkan teori, tetapi juga mendorong perubahan perilaku menuju akhlak yang lebih baik.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Papan Sumber Daya Alam Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Pada Pembelajaran IPAS Kelas IV SD
Authors: Triastuti Anisa , Arafat Yasir , Murjainah
Published: November 2024

Belum diketahuinya seberapa besar pengaruh penggunaan media papan sumber daya alam dalam pembelajaran ipas kelas IV SD Negeri 99 Palembang tehadap minat belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan media papan sumber daya alam dalam pembelajaran ipas kelas IV SD Negeri 99 Palembang terhadap minat belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif pre-eksperimen. Rancangan pendekatan kuantitatif pre-eksperimen menggunakan one- group pretest-posttest design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 99 Palembang yang berjumlah 71 siswa, dengan sampel penelitian yang diambil menggunakan teknik sampling purposive yang berjumlah 24 siswa pada penentuan jumlah sampel dengan mempertimbangkan siswa yang pernah mengikuti pembelajaran sumber daya alam. Dalam penelitian ini teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, kuesioner/angket, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji independent sampel t-test dengan berbantuan SPSS. Pengaruh penggunaan media papan sumber daya alam terhadap minat belajar siswa pada pembelajaran ipas kelas IV SD Negeri 99 Palembang menunjukkan hasil penelitian pada rata-rata minat belajar siswa pada angket pretest sebesar 44,54 dan angket posttest 50,25 dengan jumlah sampel 24 siswa, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa ada pengaruh penggunaan media papan sumber daya alam terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 99 Palembang.
Analisis Kontribusi Guru SDN 007 Mayang Sari Dalam Proses Pengembangan Kurikulum Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Putra Jaya Adi , Yulita Mutia , Nur Rizkya Nindya Destri , Respi Yulia , Sekar Wangi Yunda
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran guru dalam pengembangan kurikulum di SDN 007 Mayang Sari. Pentingnya penelitian ini terletak pada pengaruh signifikan yang diberikan oleh guru dalam proses pengembangan kurikulum. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yang bertujuan untuk mengeskplorasi dan memahami makna dari kelompok atau individu yang terkait isu-isu sosial. Peneliti berusaha membangun pemahaman atas realitas dan maknannya, sehingga penelitian ini sangat memperhatikan proses, peristiwa, dan keaslian data. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah guru-guru sekolah dasar, dan data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara. Peneliti menjadi instrument utama, dibantu oleh catatan lapangan. Seluruh data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mendapatkan hasil yang dapat di percaya dan diandalkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru SD N 007 Mayang Sari, memiliki peran penting dalam pengembangkan kurikulum, baik melalui partisipasi dalam rapat kurikulum, pengembangan materi ajar, dan implementasi kurikulum di kelas. Guru-guru juga merekannya pentingnya kolaborasi dengan tim kurikulum sekolah dan komunitas Pendidikan untuk memastikan kurikulum yang relavan dan efektif. Selain itu, mereka juga mengemukankan tantangan apa saja yang di hadapi dalam proses pengembangan kurikulum, seperti keterbatasan sumber daya, keterbatasan waktu saat evaluasi kurikulum, penyesuaian dalam perkembangan IPTEK, dan peruabahan kebijakan Pendidikan.
Programa para el favorecimiento de habilidades sociales a estudiantes de la universidad metropolitana de Barranquilla, Colombia
Authors: Ochoa Berrio Dunis del Rosario , Frausto Rojas Mireya
Published: November 2024

Los estudiantes universitarios enfrentan diversas situaciones durante su vida académica, como adaptarse al entorno universitario, socializar, trabajar en equipo y resolver conflictos. Si no se manejan adecuadamente, estas experiencias pueden generar frustración, estrés, ansiedad e incluso depresión. Los docentes observamos constantemente estos desafíos en nuestros estudiantes. Para abordar esta problemática, se diseñó y ejecutó un programa que promueve el desarrollo de habilidades sociales en estudiantes universitarios; utilizando un enfoque mixto, con un diseño pre experimental de prueba pre y post, en un solo grupo control. La técnica empleada fue una encuesta de escala tipo Likert y el instrumento principal utilizado fue el Test de Goldstein, que consta de 50 ítems que describen seis tipos de habilidades sociales: básicas, avanzadas, relacionadas con los sentimientos, alternativas a la agresión y habilidades para enfrentar el estrés y la planificación. Los resultados mostraron un aumento satisfactorio en las habilidades sociales de los estudiantes universitarios después de participar en el programa. Esta investigación subraya la importancia de cultivar habilidades sociales en el ámbito universitario para el crecimiento personal y profesional de los estudiantes, equiparable con los resultados de esta investigación, donde los estudiantes consideran que las habilidades sociales son importantes para su desarrollo personal y profesional. Los profesores y educadores deben promover el desarrollo de habilidades sociales en los estudiantes, ya que estas habilidades son esenciales para el éxito personal y profesional.
Effectiveness of Using Village Financial Management System in Minahasa Regency
Authors: Wowiling Wilson W. , Niode Burhan , Waworundeng Welly
Published: November 2024

The implementation of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages and its implementing regulations has mandated village governments to be more independent in managing government and various natural resources owned, including the management of village finances and assets. In terms of village finances, village governments are required to prepare reports on the realization of implementation and accountability reports on the realization of the implementation of the village revenue and expenditure budget. The Village Financial System Application (SISKEUDES) is designed in an integrated manner using simple and user-friendly features so that users can easily operate it. The Siskeudes application aims to ensure that village financial management, especially those sourced from village funds, can be managed cleanly and transparently. However, various problems have arisen along with the changes in the instrument. Problems with the quality of human resources, facilities and infrastructure, and policies that are not well understood by implementers in the field. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Effectiveness of Using the Village Financial Management System (SISKEUDES) in Rumbia Village and Kaayuran Bawah Village, South Langowan District, Telap Village, Eris District, Lolah Village and West Lemoh Village, Tombariri District, Minahasa Regency. This study uses a qualitative research method. Data sources are obtained from primary data, namely interviews and secondary data, namely supporting data in the field such as literature and documents. The results of the study indicate that the effectiveness of the use of the Siskeudes application in Minahasa Regency, reviewed from the Structural Aspect, appears to be running effectively, Reviewed from the Process Aspect. The effectiveness of the use of the Siskeudes application in Minahasa Regency is not balanced between villages, some villages experience a good and smooth process and From the Result Aspect, it can be seen that the Siskeudes application is very helpful for villages to manage village finances whose value is considered very large.
Disseminated Fusarium spp. Infection in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Felix Camila , Cabrera Franklin , Posso Verónica , Caceres Paola , Cueva Andrea , López Lesly , Jaramillo Janyna , Chamorro Yoselin , Basantes Augusta
Published: November 2024

Fusarium infections are rare opportunistic mycosis caused by Fusarium spp. Its clinical presentation depends on the immunological status of the host; those immunosuppressed hemato-oncological diseases can present invasive fungal. Diagnosis is through Skin or blood culture and it is treated with antifungal medication such as amphotericin B and voriconazole alone or in combination. We present the case of a neutropenic 55-year-old woman undergoing chemotherapy treatment for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented disseminated skin lesions which included macules, papules and violaceous nodules, with a central necrotic crust. A skin biopsy, KOH exam, tissue and blood cultures were carried out where Fusarium spp. were identified. Treatment with amphotericin b combined with voriconazole was initiated, with good results and complete disappearance of the lesions.