bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Boosting multi‐target recognition performance with multi‐input multi‐output radar‐based angular subspace projection and multi‐view deep neural network
Authors: Kurtoğlu Emre , Biswas Sabyasachi , Gurbuz Ali C. , Gurbuz Sevgi Zubeyde
Published: May 2023

Current radio frequency (RF) classification techniques assume only one target in the field of view. Multi‐target recognition is challenging because conventional radar signal processing results in the superposition of target micro‐Doppler signatures, making it difficult to recognise multi‐target activity. This study proposes an angular subspace projection technique that generates multiple radar data cubes (RDC) conditioned on angle (RDC‐ω). This approach enables signal separation in the raw RDC, making possible the utilisation of deep neural networks taking the raw RF data as input or any other data representation in multi‐target scenarios. When targets are in closer proximity and cannot be separated by classical techniques, the proposed approach boosts the relative signal‐to‐noise ratio between targets, resulting in multi‐view spectrograms that boosts the classification accuracy when input to the proposed multi‐view DNN. Our results qualitatively and quantitatively characterise the similarity of multi‐view signatures to those acquired in a single‐target configuration. For a nine‐class activity recognition problem, 97.8% accuracy in a 3‐person scenario is achieved, while utilising DNN trained on single‐target data. We also present the results for two cases of close proximity (sign language recognition and side‐by‐side activities), where the proposed approach has boosted the performance.
Application of metaheuristic algorithms in prediction of earthquake peak ground acceleration
Authors: Challagulla Surya Prakash , Suluguru Ashok Kumar , Noroozinejad Farsangi Ehsan , Manne Mounika
Published: May 2023

The seismic resilience of a structure has been evaluated using peak ground acceleration (PGA). Ground motion parameters such as source characteristics, local site conditions are used to forecast the PGA of the ground motion. This paper aims to develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based model to predict the PGA. Here, hypocentral distance (), shear wave velocity (), and moment magnitude (), are used as input parameters. The model uses 12,706 ground motion recordings from 283 earthquakes from the revised NGA‐West2 database supplied by Pacific Engineering Research Centre. Among the whole data, 70% of the data is set for training, 15% for validation, and 15% for testing the network. The R value derived from the testing dataset is 0.952, indicating the excellent performance of a network. An extensive parametric study is conducted with the PGA values, and the results indicate that the PGA increases with the magnitude and decreases with the hypocentral distance. The predicted PGA values from the present study are comparable with those from the existing relationships in the global database. The generated ANN model is further verified by comparing the predicted and recorded PGA values of an actual recorded event.
The dusty circumstellar environment of Betelgeuse during the Great Dimming as seen by VLTI/MATISSE
Authors: Cannon E. , Montargès M. , de Koter A. , Matter A. , Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Norris R. , Paladini C. , Decin L. , Sana H. , Sundqvist J. O. , Lagadec E. , Kervella P. , Chiavassa A. , Dupree A. K. , Perrin G. , Scicluna P. , Stee P. , Kraus S. , Danchi W. , Lopez B. , Millour F. , Drevon J. , Cruzalèbes P. , Berio P. , Robbe-Dubois S. , Rosales-Guzman A.
Published: May 2023

Context. The ‘Great Dimming’ of the prototypical red supergiant Betelgeuse, which occurred between December 2019 and April 2020, gives us unprecedented insight into the processes occurring on the stellar surface and in the inner wind of this type of star. In particular it may bring further understanding of their dust nucleation and mass-loss processes.

Aims. Here, we present and analyse VLTI/MATISSE observations in the N band (8–13 µm) taken near the brightness minimum in order to assess the status of the dusty circumstellar environment.

Methods. We explored the compatibility of a dust clump obscuring the star with our mid-infrared interferometric observations using continuum 3D radiative transfer modelling, and probed the effect of adding multiple clumps close to the star on the observables. We also tested the viability of a large cool spot on the stellar surface without dust present in the ambient medium.

Results. Using the visibility data, we derived a uniform disk diameter of 59.02 ± 0.64 mas in the spectral range 8–8.75 µm. We find that both the dust clump and the cool spot models are compatible with the data. Further to this, we note that the extinction and emission of our localised dust clump in the line of sight of the star directly compensate for each other, making the clump undetectable in the spectral energy distribution and visibilities. The lack of infrared brightening during the Great Dimming therefore does not exclude extinction due to a dust clump as one of the possible mechanisms. The visibilities can be reproduced by a spherical wind with dust condensing at 13 stellar radii and a dust mass-loss rate of (2.1–4.9) × 10−10 M⊙ yr−1; however, in order to reproduce the complexity of the observed closure phases, additional surface features or dust clumps would be needed.
Interior–atmosphere modelling to assess the observability of rocky planets with JWST
Authors: Acuña L. , Deleuil M. , Mousis O.
Published: May 2023

Context. Super-Earths present compositions dominated by refractory materials. However, there is a degeneracy in their interior structure between a planet that has no atmosphere and a small Fe content, and a planet that has a thin atmosphere and a higher core mass fraction. To break this degeneracy, atmospheric characterisation observations are required.

Aims. We present a self-consistent interior–atmosphere model to constrain the volatile mass fraction, surface pressure, and temperature of rocky planets with water and CO2 atmospheres. The parameters obtained in our analysis can be used to predict observations in emission spectroscopy and photometry with JWST, which can determine the presence of an atmosphere and, if present, its composition.

Methods. We coupled a 1D interior model with a supercritical water layer to an atmospheric model. In order to obtain the bolometric emission and Bond albedo for an atmosphere in radiative-convective equilibrium, we used a low-resolution k-correlated atmospheric model. We generated emission spectra with the same atmospheric model at a higher resolution (R = 200–300). An adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo was employed for an efficient sampling of the parameter space at low volatile mass fractions.

Results. From our interior structure retrieval, we conclude that TRAPPIST-1 c most likely has a bare surface, although the presence of an atmosphere cannot be ruled out. We estimate a 1σ confidence interval of the surface pressure for a water-dominated atmosphere of Psurf = 40 ± 40 bar. We generated spectra for these two scenarios to compare with the emission flux of TRAPPIST-1 c recently observed in the MIRI F1500W filter. This is compatible with bare rock surfaces or a thin atmosphere with little or no CO2. In the case of 55 Cancri e, a combined spectrum with NIRCam and MIRI LRS may present high uncertainties at wavelengths between 3 and 3.7 µm. However, this does not affect the identification of H2O because it does not present spectral features in this wavelength range.
Photometric metallicity for 694 233 Galactic giant stars from Gaia DR3 synthetic Strömgren photometry
Authors: Bellazzini M. , Massari D. , De Angeli F. , Mucciarelli A. , Bragaglia A. , Riello M. , Montegriffo P.
Published: May 2023

We used two previous calibrations and the standardised synthetic photometry in the v, b, and y Strömgren passbands from Gaia DR3 BP/RP spectra to obtain photometric metallicities for a selected sample of 694 233 old Galactic giant stars having |b|> 20.0° and parallax uncertainties lower than 10%. The zero point of both sets of photometric metallicities has been shifted to ensure an optimal match with the spectroscopic [Fe/H] values for 44 785 stars in common with APOGEE DR17, focusing on the metallicity range where they provide the highest accuracy. The metallicities derived in this way from one calibration display a typical accuracy of ≲0.1 dex and 1σ precision ≲0.2 dex in the range −2.2 ≲ [Fe/H] ≲ −0.4, while they show a systematic trend with [Fe/H] at higher metallicity, beyond the applicability range of the relation. Those derived from the other calibration display, in general, reduced precision, and lower accuracy in the metal-poor regime, but have a median accuracy < 0.05 dex for [Fe/H] ≥ − 0.8. These results are confirmed and, consequently, the metallicities are validated, by comparison with large sets of spectroscopic metallicities from various surveys. The newly obtained metallicities are used to derive metallicity distributions for several previously identified substructures in the Galactic halo with an unprecedented number of stars. The catalogue including the two sets of metallicities and the associated uncertainties is made publicly available.
Statistical analysis of the performance of a variety of first-principles schemes for accurate prediction of binary semiconductor band gaps
Authors: Abedi Saeid , Tarighi Ahmadpour Mahdi , Baninajarian Samira , Kahnouji Hamideh , Hashemifar S. Javad , Han Zhong-Kang , Levchenko Sergey V.
Published: May 2023

Standard density functional theory (DFT) approximations tend to strongly underestimate band gaps, while the more accurate GW and hybrid functionals are much more computationally demanding and unsuitable for high-throughput screening. In this work, we have performed an extensive benchmark of several approximations with different computational complexity [G0W0@PBEsol, HSE06, PBEsol, modified Becke-Johnson potential (mBJ), DFT-1/2, and ACBN0] to evaluate and compare their performance in predicting the bandgap of semiconductors. The benchmark is based on 114 binary semiconductors of different compositions and crystal structures, for about half of which experimental band gaps are known. Surprisingly, we find that, compared with G0W0@PBEsol, which exhibits a noticeable underestimation of the band gaps by about 14%, the much computationally cheaper pseudohybrid ACBN0 functional shows a competitive performance in reproducing the experimental data. The mBJ functional also performs well relative to the experiment, even slightly better than G0W0@PBEsol in terms of mean absolute (percentage) error. The HSE06 and DFT-1/2 schemes perform overall worse than ACBN0 and mBJ schemes but much better than PBEsol. Comparing the calculated band gaps on the whole dataset (including the samples with no experimental bandgap), we find that HSE06 and mBJ have excellent agreement with respect to the reference G0W0@PBEsol band gaps. The linear and monotonic correlations between the selected theoretical schemes and experiment are analyzed in terms of the Pearson and Kendall rank coefficients. Our findings strongly suggest the ACBN0 and mBJ methods as very efficient replacements for the costly G0W0 scheme in high-throughput screening of the semiconductor band gaps.
Strong coupling of localized surface plasmons and intermolecular vibration mode at terahertz frequencies
Authors: Chen Chao-Wei , Chen Le-Di , Li Cheng-Yao , Wu Xiang-Yu , Cai Qing , Fan Ren-Hao , Qi Dong-Xiang , Peng Ru-Wen , Wang Mu
Published: May 2023

Organic molecular vibrations, typically occurring in the terahertz (THz) regime, can resonate with a metastructure. A hallmark Rabi splitting occurs when the coupling strength is sufficiently strong. In this work, we observe the strong coupling of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) and intermolecular vibration mode at THz on a metasurface spin-coated with organic molecule α-lactose monohydrate. Excited by transverse-electric THz waves, dispersive localized surface plasmons interact with nondispersive intermolecular vibrations and form two vibro-polariton modes. The angle-resolved transmission spectra of the coupled system are detected by using a terahertz time-domain spectrometer, demonstrating an anti-crossing effect with a clear Rabi splitting. By retrieving the coupling strength and Hopfield coefficients of polariton bands from the measured data, we further verify that these two bands originate from the strong coupling between LSPs and molecular vibration mode. Moreover, we show that it is possible to implement molecular concentration sensing based on this strong coupling effect. This study demonstrates a unique approach to investigate vibro-polaritons at the terahertz regime and provides a testbed for future applications of strong coupling effects in chemical detection and biosensing.
A Deep Potential model for liquid–vapor equilibrium and cavitation rates of water
Authors: Sanchez-Burgos Ignacio , Muniz Maria Carolina , Espinosa Jorge R. , Panagiotopoulos Athanassios Z.
Published: May 2023

Computational studies of liquid water and its phase transition into vapor have traditionally been performed using classical water models. Here, we utilize the Deep Potential methodology—a machine learning approach—to study this ubiquitous phase transition, starting from the phase diagram in the liquid–vapor coexistence regime. The machine learning model is trained on ab initio energies and forces based on the SCAN density functional, which has been previously shown to reproduce solid phases and other properties of water. Here, we compute the surface tension, saturation pressure, and enthalpy of vaporization for a range of temperatures spanning from 300 to 600 K and evaluate the Deep Potential model performance against experimental results and the semiempirical TIP4P/2005 classical model. Moreover, by employing the seeding technique, we evaluate the free energy barrier and nucleation rate at negative pressures for the isotherm of 296.4 K. We find that the nucleation rates obtained from the Deep Potential model deviate from those computed for the TIP4P/2005 water model due to an underestimation in the surface tension from the Deep Potential model. From analysis of the seeding simulations, we also evaluate the Tolman length for the Deep Potential water model, which is (0.091 ± 0.008) nm at 296.4 K. Finally, we identify that water molecules display a preferential orientation in the liquid–vapor interface, in which H atoms tend to point toward the vapor phase to maximize the enthalpic gain of interfacial molecules. We find that this behavior is more pronounced for planar interfaces than for the curved interfaces in bubbles. This work represents the first application of Deep Potential models to the study of liquid–vapor coexistence and water cavitation.
Physics and instabilities of low-temperature E × B plasmas for spacecraft propulsion and other applications
Authors: Boeuf Jean-Pierre , Smolyakov Andrei
Published: May 2023

Low-temperature E×B plasmas are used in various applications, such as Hall thrusters for satellite propulsion, ion sources and magnetron discharges for plasma processing, and negative ion sources for neutral beam injection in fusion. The plasmas in these devices are partially magnetized, meaning that the electrons are strongly magnetized while the ions are not. They are subject to various micro- and macro-instabilities that differ significantly from instabilities in fusion plasmas. These instabilities are often triggered by the large difference in electron and ion drift velocities in the E×B direction. The possibility of maintaining a large electric field in the quasineutral plasma of Hall thrusters despite anomalous electron transport, or the presence of strong double layers associated with the azimuthal rotation of plasma structures (“rotating spokes”) in magnetron discharges and Hall thrusters are examples of the very challenging and exciting physics of E×B devices. The turbulence and instabilities present in E×B plasma devices constitute a major obstacle to the quantitative description of these devices and to the development of predictive codes and are the subject of intense research efforts. In this tutorial, we discuss the key aspects of the physics of low-temperature partially magnetized E×B plasmas, as well as recent advances made through simulations, theory, and experiments in our understanding of the various types of instabilities (such as gradient-drift/Simon-Hoh and lower hybrid instabilities, rotating ionization waves, electron cyclotron drift instability, modified two-stream instability, etc.) that occur in these plasmas.
Analysis of the transmission spectrum of the microwave cutoff probe influenced by the sheath around the probe
Authors: Yeom H. J. , Kim Young-Gi , Chae Gwang-Seok , Hwang Do-Yeon , Kim Jung-Hyung , Lee Hyo-Chang
Published: May 2023

We investigated the effect of the sheath around the probe tips on the transmission spectrum of a cutoff probe using an electromagnetic simulation and a circuit model. Our results show that the width of the sheath can change the transmission spectrum, which can affect the absolute value of the electron density. In a real-world cutoff probe structure, this effect may become apparent in a low-density plasma or when a high bias voltage is applied to the plasma. The key factor is capacitance, which contains the sheath component. In the case of a low-density plasma, the change in the sheath capacitance of the sheath region contributes to the shift in the resonant frequency. For thick sheath widths, at least a 5% discrepancy can occur between the actual plasma frequency and the measurement owing to variations in the capacitance, particularly the sheath components surrounding the probe. We expect that this study will facilitate reduction in the measurement error and uncertainty in microwave cutoff probe measurements, particularly when applied to low-density plasma measurements.
Solubility of carbon dioxide in water: Some useful results for hydrate nucleation
Authors: Algaba Jesús , Zerón Iván M. , Míguez José Manuel , Grabowska Joanna , Blazquez Samuel , Sanz Eduardo , Vega Carlos , Blas Felipe J.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the solubility of carbon dioxide (CO2) in water along the isobar of 400 bar is determined by computer simulations using the well-known TIP4P/Ice force field for water and the TraPPE model for CO2. In particular, the solubility of CO2 in water when in contact with the CO2 liquid phase and the solubility of CO2 in water when in contact with the hydrate have been determined. The solubility of CO2 in a liquid–liquid system decreases as the temperature increases. The solubility of CO2 in a hydrate–liquid system increases with temperature. The two curves intersect at a certain temperature that determines the dissociation temperature of the hydrate at 400 bar (T3). We compare the predictions with T3 obtained using the direct coexistence technique in a previous work. The results of both methods agree, and we suggest 290(2) K as the value of T3 for this system using the same cutoff distance for dispersive interactions. We also propose a novel and alternative route to evaluate the change in chemical potential for the formation of hydrates along the isobar. The new approach is based on the use of the solubility curve of CO2 when the aqueous solution is in contact with the hydrate phase. It considers rigorously the non-ideality of the aqueous solution of CO2, providing reliable values for the driving force for nucleation of hydrates in good agreement with other thermodynamic routes used. It is shown that the driving force for hydrate nucleation at 400 bar is larger for the methane hydrate than for the carbon dioxide hydrate when compared at the same supercooling. We have also analyzed and discussed the effect of the cutoff distance of dispersive interactions and the occupancy of CO2 on the driving force for nucleation of the hydrate.
Can molecular dynamics be used to simulate biomolecular recognition?
Authors: Lüking Malin , van der Spoel David , Elf Johan , Tribello Gareth A.
Published: May 2023

There are many problems in biochemistry that are difficult to study experimentally. Simulation methods are appealing due to direct availability of atomic coordinates as a function of time. However, direct molecular simulations are challenged by the size of systems and the time scales needed to describe relevant motions. In theory, enhanced sampling algorithms can help to overcome some of the limitations of molecular simulations. Here, we discuss a problem in biochemistry that offers a significant challenge for enhanced sampling methods and that could, therefore, serve as a benchmark for comparing approaches that use machine learning to find suitable collective variables. In particular, we study the transitions LacI undergoes upon moving between being non-specifically and specifically bound to DNA. Many degrees of freedom change during this transition and that the transition does not occur reversibly in simulations if only a subset of these degrees of freedom are biased. We also explain why this problem is so important to biologists and the transformative impact that a simulation of it would have on the understanding of DNA regulation.
Strain-tunable quantum anomalous Hall effect/quantum anomalous valley Hall effect in two-dimensional ferromagnetic non-Dirac topological half-metal N2Pd4S6
Authors: Yang Xin , Shen Yanqing , Liu Jiajia , Lv Lingling , Zhou Min , Zhang Yu , Meng Xianghui , Zhou Zhongxiang , Zheng Yangdong
Published: May 2023

Systems with both the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect and the quantum anomalous valley Hall (QAVH) effect have wide appeal in fundamental research and practical quantum device applications. By using first-principles calculations, the topologically nontrivial phase and QAH effect were predicted in the ferromagnetic non-Dirac half-metal N2Pd4S6 monolayer. The N2Pd4S6 monolayer prefers out-of-plane magnetization and exhibits a Curie temperature of ∼80 K due to dual double-exchange interaction. Upon application of − 1% strain, the Curie temperature can reach up to ∼117 K. Furthermore, the N2Pd4S6 monolayer exhibits a non-Dirac band dispersion near the Fermi level. The introduction of magnetic exchange and spin–orbit coupling (SOC) together enables to realize topologically nontrivial phase and QAH state. Remarkably, the compressive strain induces spontaneous valley polarization at the non-high symmetry point, thereby enabling the unique QAVH effect. Reversible switching between the QAH and QAVH effect can be achieved in the N2Pd4S6 monolayer by applying of compression strain.
Hybrid PEDOT:PSS/SiC heterojunction UV photodetector with superior self-powered responsivity over A/W level
Authors: Li Shan , Yang Lili , Liu Zeng , Zhang Maolin , Guo Yufeng , Tang Weihua
Published: May 2023

In this Letter, an ultraviolet photodetector constructed on a simple vertical PEDOT:PSS/SiC hybrid heterojunction with superior self-powered performance was reported. Benefitting from the abundant charge carrier concentration in 4H-SiC substrate and the large built-in field at PEDOT:PSS/SiC heterointerface, the SiC based photodetector (PD) realized self-powered responsivity over A/W level, even comparable with many reported 4H-SiC avalanche photodiodes. Upon illumination with deep-UV wavelength at 254 nm, the responsivity, detectivity, and external quantum efficiency of the fabricated PD reached up to 2.15 A/W, 1.9 × 1013 Jones, and 1053%, respectively. Furthermore, the rise/decay time was as fast as 58.6/41.5 ms, the on–off switching ratio was as large as 8.73 × 103, the spectral rejection ratio (R254/R390) was as high as 4.3 × 103, and the lifetime reliability was over 195 days. Serving as a sensing pixel, the designed heterojunction PD demonstrated excellent imaging capability in homemade UV imaging system, showing promising applications in future energy-conservation photoelectronic system.
Linear well posedness of regularized equations of sea-ice dynamics
Authors: Chatta Soufiane , Khouider Boualem , Kesri M’hamed
Published: May 2023

The viscous–plastic equations (VPE) of Hibler [J. Geophys. Res. 82(27), 3932–3938 (1977)] are widely adopted and used in Earth system models to represent sea-ice drift due to surface winds, ocean currents, and internal stresses. However, it has been reported by various investigators, at least in one space dimension, that both Hibler’s original equations and their variant using a pressure replacement are ill posed in divergent flow regimes. Especially, Guba et al. [J. Phys. Oceanogr. 43(10), 2185–2199 (2013)] shows that both variants are ill-posed when the flow divergence exceeds a minimum threshold and their results seem to extend to two dimensions when a tensile cut-off is used. In particular, Hibler uses a Heaviside function cut-off for the viscosity coefficients of the VPE’s to avoid a singularity at infinity. Lemieux et al. [J. Comput. Phys. 231(17), 5926–5944 (2012)] regularized the Heaviside function by a hyperbolic tangent for numerical efficiency. Here, we show that, for periodic data, the linearized one-dimensional regularized VPE’s, in which the Heaviside function is replaced with a hyperbolic tangent, is well posed in the case of Hibler’s original equations. Moreover, we prove that the linearization procedure, for the regularized equations, is consistent, in the sense that the residual converges to zero that the perturbation of the solutions goes to zero, in suitable norms.
Identifying limitations for invasion: the effect of phosphorus availability on the growth of the non-native tree, Tipuana tipu
Authors: Trudgen Melinda S. , Scott John K. , Lambers Hans , Webber Bruce L.
Published: May 2023

Context Despite being a crucial factor in plant growth and fitness, the nutritional requirements of non-native invasive plants are poorly understood and rarely considered when assessing invasion risk; yet, they are particularly relevant in many parts of the world with nutrient-poor soils. Aims We investigated the growth response of a native South American tree species (Tipuana tipu), to soil concentrations of phosphorus (P). T. tipu is widely introduced in some regions of western Australia and South Africa, and we aimed to determine whether soil P availability constrains establishment, naturalisation or invasion of the species. Methods We grew T. tipu (Benth.) Kuntze (Fabaceae), a species that is invasive in some regions, from seed in a glasshouse. All treatments were supplied baseline nutrients, and P from 0 to 640 μg P g−1 dry substrate. Plant height and the number of mature leaves were recorded regularly. Plant biomass, P, and nitrogen (N) concentrations were analysed following destructive harvest. Key results Phosphorus availability had a significant effect on all measured aspects of plant growth. Seed P resources were sufficient to support growth for about 7 weeks, with plants at very low soil P availability (≤5 μg P g−1 dry soil) unable to sustain growth beyond that time. P-toxicity symptoms were observed when substrate P exceeded optimum concentrations (40–160 μg P g−1 dry soil). Conclusions Growth of young T. tipu seedlings was very slow at very low soil P concentrations. Under these conditions, seeds may germinate, and seedlings may survive for a short time, but self-sustaining populations are unlikely to be established. Our study adds to a growing body of research that shows that nutrient requirements of introduced plants and soil nutrient availability influence invasion risk and should be considered in risk assessments for managing species invasions at the landscape level.
Untangling the complex mix of agronomic and economic uncertainties inherent in decisions on rainfed cotton
Authors: Godfrey Sosheel S. , Nordblom Thomas L. , Anwar Muhuddin Rajin , Ip Ryan H. L. , Luckett David J. , Bange Michael P.
Published: May 2023

Context Production of rainfed (dryland) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) occurs in many places globally, and is always burdened with greater uncertainties in outcomes than irrigated cotton. Assessing farm financial viability helps farmers to make clearer and more informed decisions with a fuller awareness of the potential risks to their business. Aim We aimed to highlight key points of uncertainty common in rainfed cotton production and quantify these variable conditions to facilitate clearer decision-making on sowing dates and row configurations. Methods The consequences of these decisions at six locations across two states in Australia, given estimates of plant-available water at sowing, are expressed in terms of comparable probability distributions of cotton lint yield (derived from crop modelling using historical weather data) and gross margin per hectare (derived from historical prices for inputs and cotton lint yield), using the copula approach. Examples of contrasting conditions and likely outcomes are summarised. Key results Sowing at the end of October with solid row configuration tended to provide the highest yield; however, single- and double-skip row configurations generally resulted in higher gross margins. Places associated with higher summer-dominant rainfall had greater chance of positive gross margins. Conclusion In order to maximise the probability of growing a profitable crop, farmers need to consider the variabilities and dependencies within and across price and yield before selecting the most appropriate agronomic decisions. Implications Given appropriate data on growing conditions and responses, our methodology can be applied in other locations around the world, and to other crops.
Supporting healthcare professionals to offer reproductive genetic carrier screening: a behaviour change theory approach
Authors: Best Stephanie , Long Janet C. , Fehlberg Zoe , Archibald Alison D. , Braithwaite Jeffrey
Published: May 2023

Background As reproductive genetic carrier screening (RGCS) becomes more widely accessible, ensuring uptake by primary healthcare professionals (HCPs) is essential to equitable service provision. This study aimed to identify and prioritise implementation strategies to reduce barriers and support HCPs to routinely offer RGCS in Australia. Methods HCPs (n = 990) involved in a large national research study, offering couples-based RGCS, were surveyed at three time points: prior to offering RGCS through the study (Survey 1: Barriers); 8+ weeks after offering to their patients (Survey 2: Possible supports); and towards the end of the study (Survey 3: Prioritised supports). HCPs were from primary care (e.g. general practice, midwifery) and tertiary care (e.g. fertility, genetics) settings. Results were analysed via a novel approach of using behaviour change theory (Capability, Opportunity and Motivation – COM.B) to align theory to practice. Results Survey 1 (n = 599) identified four barrier themes: time constraints, lack of HCP knowledge and skill, patient receptivity, and HCP’s perceived value of RGCS. Survey 2 (n = 358) identified 31 supports that could facilitate HCPs offering RGCS. Survey 3 (n = 390) was analysed separately by speciality and clinic location. Prioritised supports for primary care HCPs were ‘regular continuing professional development activities’ and ‘a comprehensive website to direct patients for information’. There was general accordance with the perceived importance of the supports, although some difference in relation to funding between professional groups and clinic locations. Conclusion This study identified a range of supports acceptable to HCPs across specialties and geographic locations that policymakers may use to direct efforts to ensure the roll out of RGCS is equitable across Australia.
Improving forensic perpetrator identification with Super-Recognizers
Authors: Mayer Maren , Ramon Meike
Published: May 2023

About a decade ago, Super-Recognizers (SRs) were first described as individuals with exceptional face identity processing abilities. Since then, various tests have been developed or adapted to assess individuals’ abilities and identify SRs. The extant literature suggests that SRs may be beneficial in police tasks requiring individual identification. However, in reality, the performance of SRs has never been examined using authentic forensic material. This not only limits the external validity of test procedures used to identify SRs, but also claims concerning their deployment in policing. Here, we report the first-ever investigation of SRs’ ability to identify perpetrators using authentic case material. We report the data of 73 SRs and 45 control participants. These include (a) performance on three challenging tests of face identity processing recommended by Ramon (2021) for SR identification; (b) performance for perpetrator identification using four CCTV sequences depicting five perpetrators and police line-ups created for criminal investigation purposes. Our findings demonstrate that the face identity processing tests used here are valid in measuring such abilities and identifying SRs. Moreover, SRs excel at perpetrator identification relative to control participants, with more correct perpetrator identifications, the better their performance across lab tests. These results provide external validity for the recently proposed diagnostic framework and its tests used for SR identification (Ramon, 2021). This study provides the first empirical evidence that SRs identified using these measures can be beneficial for forensic perpetrator identification. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for law enforcement, whose procedures can be improved via a human-centric approach centered around individuals with superior abilities.
Cracking the code of Jesus’s parables with argumentation
analysis
Authors: Thurén Lauri
Published: May 2023

The teachings of Jesus consist to a great extent of parables.
There is, however, no unanimity on what each parable means or how it should be
interpreted. I argue that modern argumentation analysis is the key to
understanding the parables and their effect on the reading or listening public.
Irrespective of the length of the parable or the imagery used, the aim of each
one is to persuade its audience. The parables operate with a common, hidden
argumentative structure. By cracking this code, one can assess the meaning and
function of the parables in a reliable way. Example texts discussed and analyzed
are some crucial parables in Matt. 24–25.
Argumentation and the interpretation of religious texts
Authors: Macagno Fabrizio , Salvato Lucia
Published: May 2023

The interpretation of religious texts is an area of research in which rhetoric and the use of arguments play a central role. The analysis of the persuasive message expressed in many biblical passages, the reconstruction of the implicit messages conveyed by the texts, and the justification of an interpretation are questions that concern directly argumentation studies. The pragmatic dimension of arguments, the instruments developed for bringing to light implicit assumptions and conclusions, and the methods for justifying an interpretative claim can be important resources for biblical studies and applications that can open new research paths. This introduction outlines the crossroad between the two fields and the possible directions of future inquiry.
The boundaries of lying
Authors: Macagno Fabrizio , Damele Giovanni
Published: May 2023

The Holy Scriptures can be considered a specific kind of normative texts, whose use to assess practical moral cases requires interpretation. In the field of ethics, this interpretative problem results in the necessity of bridging the gap between the normative source – moral precepts – and the specific cases. In the history of the Church, this problem was the core of the so-called casuistry, namely the decision-making practice consisting in applying the Commandments and other principles of the Holy Scriptures to specific cases or moral problems. By taking into account the sin of lying, this paper argues that casuistic texts reveal an extremely sophisticated interpretative method, grounded on “pragmatic” contextual and communicative considerations and argumentative structures that resemble the ones used in legal interpretation. These works show how the underspecified biblical text expressing an abstract norm was enriched pragmatically by completing it and modulating its meaning so that it could be used to draw a conclusion in a specific context on a specific case. The mutual interdependence between biblical interpretation, pragmatics, and argumentation sheds light on a much broader phenomenon, namely the pragmatic nature of argumentation.
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
Authors: Leidig Eviane , Mudde Cas
Published: May 2023

This article situates the largest political party in the world, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in India, within
the literature on the populist radical right. After providing a brief overview of Hindutva ideology and organizations, with a
particular focus on the BJP, it analyzes how nativism, populism, and authoritarianism are key defining elements in both
theory and practice for the BJP. It further examines two important ideological tenets that
go beyond these three defining attributes of the (European) populist radical right – anti-colonialism and neoliberalism – which
lend towards the success of the BJP. Since holding a majority in national government under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the BJP
has been able to implement its vision of creating a Hindustan, or Hindu ethnostate. Like other populist radical right parties in
power, the BJP is more radical in deeds than in words, but the future of the party without Modi’s leadership is uncertain.
Induced nanoscale membrane curvature bypasses the essential endocytic function of clathrin
Authors: Cail Robert C. , Shirazinejad Cyna R. , Drubin David G.
Published: May 2023

During clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), flat plasma membrane is remodeled to produce nanometer-scale vesicles. The mechanisms underlying this remodeling are not completely understood. The ability of clathrin to bind membranes of distinct geometries casts uncertainty on its specific role in curvature generation/stabilization. Here, we used nanopatterning to produce substrates for live-cell imaging, with U-shaped features that bend the ventral plasma membrane of a cell into shapes resembling energetically unfavorable CME intermediates. This induced membrane curvature recruits CME proteins, promoting endocytosis. Upon AP2, FCHo1/2, or clathrin knockdown, CME on flat substrates is severely diminished. However, induced membrane curvature recruits CME proteins in the absence of FCHo1/2 or clathrin and rescues CME dynamics/cargo uptake after clathrin (but not AP2 or FCHo1/2) knockdown. Induced membrane curvature enhances CME protein recruitment upon branched actin assembly inhibition under elevated membrane tension. These data establish that membrane curvature assists in CME nucleation and that the essential function of clathrin during CME is to facilitate curvature evolution, rather than scaffold protein recruitment.
Time periodic solutions to Hibler’s sea ice model
Authors: Brandt Felix , Hieber Matthias
Published: May 2023

It is shown that the viscous-plastic Hibler sea ice model admits a unique, strong T-time periodic solution provided the given T-periodic forcing functions are small in suitable norms. This is in particular true for time periodic wind forces and time periodic ice growth rates.
Galaxy rotation curves in the f(R, T) gravity formalism
Authors: Shabani Hamid , Moraes P H R S
Published: May 2023

Astronomical data have shown that the Galaxy rotation curves are mostly flat in the far distance of the galactic cores, which could reveal the insufficiency of our knowledge about how gravity works in these regimes. In this paper we introduce a resolution of this issue from the f(R, T) modified gravity formalism perspective. By investigating two classes of models with separable (minimal coupling model) and inseparable (non-minimal coupling model) parts of the Ricci scalar R and trace of the energy-momentum tensor T, we find that only in the latter models it is possible to attain flat galaxy rotation curves. Remarkably, those are obtained with no need for dark matter, which can be seen as an f(R, T) gravity advantage, since we still have not probed dark matter particles in laboratory.
Holographic operator product expansion of loop operators in the
super Yang-Mills theory*
Authors: Zhang Hong-Zhe , Feng Wan-Zhe , Wu Jun-Bao
Published: May 2023

In this study, we compute the correlation functions of Wilson(-'t Hooft) loops with chiral primary operators in the

supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with

gauge symmetry, which has a holographic dual description of the Type IIB superstring theory on the

background. Specifically, we compute the coefficients of the chiral primary operators in the operator product expansion of Wilson loops in the fundamental representation, Wilson-'t Hooft loops in the symmetric representation, Wilson loops in the anti-fundamental representation, and Wilson loops in the spinor representation. We also compare these results to those of the

super Yang-Mills theory.
Charge-changing cross section measurements of 300 MeV/nucleon 28Si on carbon and data analysis*
Authors: Wang Chang-Jian , Guo Ge , Ong Hooi Jin , Song Yu-Nan , Sun Bao-Hua , Tanihata Isao , Terashima Satoru , Wei Xiu-Lin , Xu Jun-Yao , Xu Xiao-Dong , Zhang Ji-Chao , Zheng Yong , Zhu Li-Hua , Cao Yong , Fan Guang-Wei , Gao Bing-Shui , Han Jia-Xing , Li Guang-Shuai , Lu Chen-Gui , Qi Hao-Tian , Qin Yun , Sun Zhi-Yu , Wan Lu-Ping , Wang Kai-Long , Wang Shi-Tao , Wang Xin-Xu , Zhang Mei-Xue , Zhang Wen-Wen , Zhang Xiao-Bin , Zhang Xue-Heng , Zhou Zi-Cheng
Published: May 2023

Charge-changing cross section (

) measurements via the transmission method have recently seen significant progress with the aim of determining the charge radii of exotic nuclei. In this work, we report a new

measurement of 304(9) MeV/nucleon

Si on carbon at the second Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL2) and describe the data analysis procedure in detail. This procedure is essential for evaluating the systematic uncertainty in the transmission method. The determined

of 1125(11) mb is found to be consistent with the existing data at similar energies. The present work will serve as a reference for

determinations at RIBLL2.
Decay properties of
as a conventional
meson*
Authors: Han Meng , Li Wei , Pei Su-Yan , Liu Ting-Ting , Wang Guo-Li
Published: May 2023

Taking

as a conventional

meson, we calculate its dominant strong and electromagnetic decays in the framework of the Bethe-Salpeter method. Our results are

keV and

keV. The contributions of the different partial waves from the initial and final state wave functions to the decay width are also calculated, and we find that the relativistic corrections in both decay processes are very large.
Numerical Simulation of Motion Process of a Projectile with Sliding Driving Band in Bore
Authors: Chao Tan , Shechun Wei , Wenjing Yao , Teng Hou , Duo Chai
Published: May 2023

For the information acquisition of the whole motion of a projectile with sliding driving band in gun bore, the nonlinear dynamic explicit finite element software LS-DYNA was used. The pressure-time curve in bore is equivalent to the boundary input condition of the gun, and the large deformation process of projectile driving band is described by ALE algorithm. The simulation results show that a number of calculated data are in good agreement with the experimental values, providing a reference basis for the design and simulation of similar guns.
Design Of A Split Detonating Fuse Assembly And Study On detonation transmission performance
Authors: Wang Chao , Xia Dong-xing , Yang An-min , Lu Bo-bo , Wang Shao-mei , Yang Kun , Qiao Rui-hua
Published: May 2023

A spliting type of detonating fuse assembly that have explosive and truncation function is designed for meet the demand of a certain type of fairing separation pyrotechnics system. The truncation and separation function of this type of detonating cord assembly is the basic property, and the detonation transmission performance is only studied in this paper. Based on of detonating sequence analysis and the explosive failure risk analysis complete the structure design and the test.The research results show that the spliting type of detonating fuse assembly is reliable in a closed environment.
Research on the Interior Ballistic Design of a Low Impact Ejection Explosive Bolt
Authors: Hu Xiao-long , Xia Dong-xing , Zhang Yu-ruo , Yang An-min , Qu Ping
Published: May 2023

Aiming at the comprehensive functional requirements of the connection, unlocking, boosting and impact reduction of the pyrotechnic separation device, a low impact ejection explosive bolt was designed, and its action process was analyzed. The internal ballistic simulation program is used to analyze and study the matching characteristics of internal ballistic input parameters and output parameters. The verification shows that the design is reasonable and accurate. This study provides a reference for the design of similar low impact ejection explosive bolt.
Application Test of Curing Equipment with Built-in Planetary Rotating Device
Authors: Xie Z , Liu B , Yao CC , Gu CW , Huang DM , Yang Z , Wang M , Liu Q
Published: May 2023

In order to improve the curing quality of composite cylindrical parts, a new curing equipment with built-in planetary rotating device was selected. In the process of equipment installation, commissioning and acceptance inspection, the equipment has been improved and applied. The test results show that the planetary rotating device in the furnace can realize the rotation around its own axis line and the revolution in the annular space in the furnace at the same time; Properly increasing the rotation speed of cylindrical parts during curing is conducive to improving the appearance quality of products; It is an effective way to improve the quality and reliability of composite cylindrical parts and meet the requirements of consistency of curing quality of high performance and high quality products by applying the new curing equipment with planetary rotary device, high precision temperature control system and furnace gas circulation system.
Damage effect of structural reactive projectiles on double-spaced aluminum plates
Authors: Ying Yuan , Mengmeng Guo , Jiahao Zhang , Hai-fu Wang
Published: May 2023

Ballistic impact experiments and numerical simulations are performed to investigate the damage effects of double-spaced aluminum targets by structural reactive projectile (SRP) impact. The damage behaviors of SRP impacting the double-spaced aluminum targets and damage effects of targets are discussed and analyzed. The experiments and analysis show that, with the impact velocity increasing, the failure mode of front plates evolve from plugging-bulge mode to typical plugging mode and the failure mode of rear plates evolve from kinetic energy perforation mode to overpressure bulge mode, respectively. With a low-velocity, it is difficult for the SRP to present the damage characteristics of the combined of kinetic energy and chemical energy.