bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Characterization of Sandwich Structure Purification Material via Gas-Jet/Electrospinning Technique
Authors: Liu Tai Qi , Cao Bin Bin , Zhao Xiao Long , Wang Chen , Zhang Ruo Fan , Zhao Na , Chen Xi
Published: June 2012

Nano-TiO2 is a high efficient and no poisonous light induced catalyst. It is important how to immobilize it on some supporter for its application. In this paper, The Nylon-6 (PA-6) nanofibres bearing TiO2 nano-particles were prepared via gas-jet/electrospinning technique. The resulted materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX and TG techniques, and antibacterial activities of the resulted fibers were tested by Shake Flask method. The results show that fibers bearing nano-TiO2, in an average diameter from 60 to 65nm were prepared, and the antibacterial efficiency of these gas-jet/electrospun nanofibers can reach 99.74%. The titled fibers can be loaded in a sandwich structure nanofiber super-cleaning material by hot-press process, and its filtration efficiency can reach 99.50% with 1µm polystyrene microspheres as the filter media.
Silica-Polymer Core-Shell Particles for Fabrication of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Composite Materials
Authors: Peng Ren Gui , He Cheng En , Tang Wei , Liu Yue E , Yang Ying Kui
Published: June 2012

Poly(n-butyl acrylate) grafted silica nanoparticles were compounded with poly(methyl methacrylate) to yield silica/polymer composites with the improved dispersion of silica and interfacial adhesion with the matrix, thus showing increases in storage modulus and glass transition temperature.
A Brief Study on Silicon Crystal Materials as a Mid-IR Raman Amplifier
Authors: Wang Cong , Zhang Xing Yu , Wang Qing Pu , Chen Xiao Han , Cong Zhen Hua , Liu Zhao Jun , Xu Hui Hua , He Jian Li
Published: June 2012

We consider a bulk silicon crystal as a Mid-IR Raman amplifier and study its Raman amplification. A Raman amplifier is established when an intense pump laser pulse and a Raman laser pulse pass through one silicon simultaneously, with good spatial and temporal overlap. Considering the situation of pumping wavelength at 2.94 μm achievable by using an Er:YAG laser and Raman laser wavelength at 3.47 μm with the 521 cm-1 Raman shift, the properties of the output amplified Raman laser are investigated by numerically solving the coupled transfer equations.
Characteristic of Remelting Ni60 Alloy Coating by High Temperature Resistance Electric Furnace
Authors: Li Xue Chen , Tian Hao Liang , Wei Shi Cheng , Tong Hui , Zhao Cheng , Xu Bin Shi
Published: June 2012

This paper reports on a new clad technology that is protective coating cladding. The method is that the Ni60 alloy was prepared on 0.45%C steel and high temperature powder paste brushed on the outside. Then the sample after being dried was heated in the high temperature resistance electric furnace. The Ni60 alloy powder on the substrate steel was melted at the appropriate temperature, and a uniform, adherent and non-dilution clad coating was obtained after optimizing the cladding parameters. The coating microstructures, compositions and microhardness were analyzed by OPM, XRD, EPMA, and microhardness testing. The experimental results show that the protective coating cladding is an efficient and economic method in cladding technologies
Inactivation and Regeneration of Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO Nanofilm Materials
Authors: Wu Han Shui , Wang Ying Lian
Published: June 2012

Highly photoactive ZnO thin films have been prepared by sol-gel process on glass substrates. The influence of annealing temperatures on degradation rates has been studied, the inactivation and regeneration of photocatalytic properties of ZnO thin films have also been further discussed. The results show that the best annealing temperature is 300oC, surface active sites of new prepared thin films will be passive after the first photocatalytic reactions, photocatalytic performance successively reduced. H2O2 processed films can make the photocatalytic activity basically return to the level of new prepared films, can satisfy the need of repetitive use.
Preparation and Characterization of Nickel(Ni)-Silver(Ag) Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Conductive Pastes
Authors: Jing Jun Jie , Xie Ji Min , Qin Hui Ru , Li Wen Hua , Zhang Ming Mei
Published: June 2012

Nickel(Ni)-silver(Ag) core-shell nanoparticles with different shell thickness were synthesized with Ni nanoparticles by liquid phase reduction technique form water solution. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP). The results showed that the Ni nanoparticles are in sphere shape and the average diameter is 104nm , the nickel(Ni)-silver(Ag) core-shell nanoparticles has good crystallinity and the thinkness of Ag nanoshells could be effectively controlled by changing the concentration of silver nitrate. The product can be used for nickel-based conductive paste preparation because of the surface character of Ag and the magnetic property of Ni
Analysis of Heavy Metal Leaching in Fly Ash from One Shanghai Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Plant
Authors: Zhang Hai Ying , Yuan Guo Liang , Ma Guo Xian
Published: June 2012

The characteristics and leaching behavior of heavy metals in fly ash, sampled from one MSWI (municipal solid waste incineration) plant in Shanghai China, were investigated. The results indicated that the main elements of fly ash were Fe, K, Na, Cl, Si, Ca, Al, and the total fraction of heavy metals was in the range of 0.8 % - 2.0%. Hence, MSWI fly ash was considered to be one kind of hazardous waste due to its potential environmental risk. Leaching toxicity was performed on fly ash samples from the MSWI plant in Shanghai China. Leaching toxicity of the heavy metals by the ALT (available leaching toxicity) procedure exceeded that by the HVEP (horizontal vibration extraction procedure) standard. Leaching concentrations of Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb exceeded the limit of hazardous waste identification standard. Hence, fly ash is a hazardous waste.
Photoconductive Properties of MEH-PPV/InP Nanocomposite Diode
Authors: Zhang Ya Ting , Yao Jian Quan
Published: June 2012

InP nanocrystals were prepared by an economic chemical reaction. A very high density of surface states is found at 0.5 eV below the intrinsic conductive band edge. Mixing these InP nanocrystals with MEH-PPV, obtained the composite. Devices with structure ITO/composite(MEH-PPV)/Al were fabricated and investigated. Photocurrent spectra showed that the interface between a conjugated polymer and a semiconductor nanocrystal can be used to provide efficient charge separation for neutral excitons on both the ground states and excited ones. Incorporation of nanocrystals, the conductivity of diode shows large improvements.
Catalytic Synthesis of Butyraldehyde Glycol Acetal with H4SiW12O40/MCM-48
Authors: Xu Ming Bo , Yang Jie , Huang Yong Kui , Yang Shui Jin
Published: June 2012

A novel environmental friendly catalyst，H4SiW12O40/MCM-48, was prepared by impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by means of XRD and FT-IR. The synthesis of butyraldehyde glycol acetal catalyzed by H4SiW12O40/MCM-48 was studied with butyraldehyde and glycol as reactants. H4SiW12O40/MCM-48 was an excellent catalyst for the synthesizing butyraldehyde glycol acetal and Keggin structure of H4SiW12O40 kept unchanged after being impregnated on surface of the molecular sieve support. Effects of n(butyraldehyde)∶n(glycol), catalyst dosage, cyclohexane(water-stripped reagent ) and reaction time on yields of the product were investigated. The optimum conditions had been found, that is, molar ratio of butyraldehyde to glycol is1:1.4，mass ratio of catalyst used to the reactants is 0.4% and reaction time is 45 min. Under these conditions, the yield of butyraldehyde glycol acetal can reach 73.3%.
The Synthesis of Polystyrene-B-Poly(4-Vinylpyridine) by Nitroxide-Medium Controllable Free Radical Polymerization
Authors: Zhou Si Kai , Xu Ya Juan , Fang Shao Ming , Chen Zhi Jun
Published: June 2012

In this paper, a system polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) were synthesized by nitroxide-medium controllable free radical polymerization. PS-b-P4VP were characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), infrared spectrum (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results have indicated that diblock copolymers can be prepared and with molecular polydispersities in the range of 1.08 to 1.31. The structure of diblock was showed by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance.
Research of Engine Oil Acid and Base Value about LNG Bus
Authors: Meng Fan Sheng
Published: June 2012

The article aims at the engine oil acid and base value of Shenzhen LNG bus. We sample the vehicle new and replaced oil，test the quality indicators in determining the parameters of the engine oil，analyze the engine oil,s decreased rate of base value and acid value increment for determining the engine oil drain interval. In this paper, alkaline additives, impact on the performance of lubricating oil can be verified through a trial basis, and come to the actual lubricating oil using recommendations.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Phthalocyanine Sensitization TiO2 Nanowires
Authors: Zhan Ling Ling , Chen Hai Feng , Ye Jian Qiang
Published: June 2012

Phthalocyanine sensitization nano-TiO2 have been successfully synthesized by controlling TiO2's nuclear growth and CoPcTs adsorption simultaneously via a hydrothermal way by using TiO2, NaOH and CoPcTs as raw materials. XRD, BET, TG-DTA and FI-IR were used to characterize the features of the as-synthesized phthalocyanine sensitization TiO2 nanowires. The results showed that anatase nano- TiO2 with phthalocyanine sensitization have been prepared after heat treatment and cyanine materials are easily decomposed when the temperature above 450 °C; the specific surface area TiO2 and phthalocyanine sensitization nano-TiO2 is 42.2 m2/g and 110.5 m2/g, respectively. Methyl orange dyes were chosen to test the photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared sample in this experiment, and it found that the loading of 1% wt CoPcTs was the best.
Study on the Preparation of Chitosan/Sodium Alginate Copolymer
Authors: Yuan Yi Hua , Jia De Min
Published: June 2012

By using the chitosan and sodium alginate as raw material, (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 as the initiator, under alkalinity condition, chitosan / sodium alginate copolymer was synthesized. Chemical structure of CTS-AGS was characterized by FT-IR, and the morphology of CTS-AGS was observed by SEM. The results showed the synthesis of CTS-AGS was carried out as the established way. The addition of AGS greatly reduced the hydrogen bonds and increased steric resistance among chitosan molecules, and hence made CTS-AGS had stronger affinity for water. The optimal conditions for the synthesis were: m(CTS)∶m(SAL) =2:1, reaction temp. is 70°C, and the best time is 24h.
Influence on Electrochemical Performance of LiMnPO4 by Y Doping Using Low Combustion Synthesis Method
Authors: Fu Zhi Hong , He Xiang Zhu , Sun Xin , Wang Yong Xiu
Published: June 2012

The olivine LiMnPO4 used as cathode materials was synthesized by the low combustion synthesis method, and modified by doping Y. Testing of X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),charge-discharge measurements was carried out for LiMnPO4/C cathode materials and the modified materials. The synthesized materials doping by Y exhibited standard olivine structure, nano-sized particles, discharge capacity of 122.9mAh.g-1 and good cycling performance. These results indicated that less Y doping could improve electrochemical kinetics of lithium ion extraction/insertion and significantly enhanced electrochemical activity.
Preparation of New Mesoporous Biological Carriers and Performance of Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification
Authors: Li Na , Huang Jun Li
Published: June 2012

In recent years, the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) was a focal point of research about the denitrification. In this paper, the new mesoporous biological carrier was prepared by using the active sludge of wastewater treatment plant as raw material, and its structure was characterized by x-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XPS), scanning electron microscopy and differential thermal analyses and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG). At the same time, its performance of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification towards coking wastewater was evaluated in the three-phase aerobic biological fluid-bed reactor. The results showed that this new mesoporous biological carrier with the super-large specific surface area, rough surface, and well layer structure and abundance tunnel pore was mainly composed of organic component. Under the experimental condition, this carrier exhibited the good performance of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen was 83.2% and 50.8%, respectively
The Sensitivity of Water Environmental Factors on Eutrophication Based on Rough Set Theory and the Ecological Countermeasures Revelation
Authors: Luo Xian Xiang , Zhang Juan , Zhang Long Jun
Published: June 2012

The paper took advantage of approximate classification of imprecise or incomplete data to analyze and assess the sensitivity of environmental factors on eutrophication based on rough set theory. Its main advantage was it performed rationally on data attributes reduction and classification. This technique provided a valuable tool to analyze the key factors leading to eutrophication in Xiaoqing River estuary of Laizhou Bay in China. Results showed that the most important factors that dominated the eutrophic degree were aerobiotic organic compound, dissolved inorganic phosphate and nitrogen which came from the land-input of Xiaoqing River. Then the ecological measurement against eutrophication may be to cultivate a kind of ecological environment materials (e.g. seaweed) to absorb the excessive nutrition.
Developing of ISO14000 and Environmental Material
Authors: Zhang Hai Ying , Ma Guo Xian , Yuan Guo Liang
Published: June 2012

In order to maintain the competitiveness of traditional industries on the market and encourage industrial circles to plan environmental improvement and pollution precautions from the interior of their organizations, ISO14000 has been enacted to protect the environment. Hence, the course “ISO14000 and Environmental Material” has been the primary course in various kinds of higher educational institutions．It is necessary to give the course in bilingual language to the undergraduates，especially those who study in Environmental Engineering. This paper first analyzes the characteristics and probes the problems of this course. Then it proposes a developing plan for the course from the following aspects：course aims，related courses，teaching methods，communicational abilities and motivational measures．
Effects of Module Configuration on Hollow Fiber Filtration Fouling and Permeability
Authors: Yin Yan Mei , Wang Jie , Yu Feng Wei , Jia Hui , Luo Nan
Published: June 2012

In the present study, an orthogonal array design was adopted to investigate effects of operational parameters including aeration intensity, membrane configuration and fiber length on membrane fouling in a lab scale. Mean membrane permeability decrease rate over the operation time was used to evaluate membrane fouling rate (MFR). In a constant pressure filtration mode of 15kPa, fiber length and aeration intensity were found to have a negative influence on MFR，and membrane configuration also had an obvious influence on MFR. The three factors in influencing MFR is in the order of fiber length>module configuration>aeration intensity. The experiments results also showed that the mean specific permeability displayed a slightly rise in the range of 60-100cm and the modules of two permeate outlet attain the best mean specific permeability in all the modules. According to this work, it show that membrane module design have a significance on membrane optimization.
Effect of Alginate and Cell Suspension on Viable Counts and Efficacy of Entrapment of Encapsulated B. bifidum BB28
Authors: Chen He , Wang Ye , Shu Guo Wei , Jia Ya Li
Published: June 2012

This study reports the encapsulation yield (EY) of B. bifidum BB28 encapsulated in different sodium alginate concentrations and in different proportion of BB28 and sodium alginate.It was studied by enumeration of viable cells after depolymerization of the capsules in 9mL trisodium citrate, followed by using MRS agar at 37°C for 48 h. The concentrations of sodium alginate was 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0%.The proportion of cell suspension and sodium alginate was 1:5,1:10,1:15 and 1:20. Results were as follows: The optimum concentration of sodium alginate concentrations was 2.5% and the optimum proportion of cell suspension and sodium alginate was 1:10.
Preparation and Characterization of Hydroxycamptothecin-Loaded Poly(D,L-lactic acid) Nanoparticles with High Drug Loading Capacity
Authors: Hou Zhen Qing , Zhou Shui Fan , Cui Fei , Hang Yi Xiao , Yi Yun Feng
Published: June 2012

Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) loaded PLA nanoparticles were prepared by a facile dialysis method. Three main influential factors, PLA concentration, ratio of HCPT to PLA (wt/wt), dialysis bags with different molecule weight cutoff, were evaluated using an orthogonal design, gave the nanoparticles with an average diameter of approximately 226.8 nm and fine drug loading content (5.16%, w/w). The in vitro drug release studies exhibited a slow and prolonged release profile over 30 days. It is concluded that the new method to prepare HCPT-PLA nanoparticles resulted in improved formulation characteristics including small size, high drug loading capacity, and long sustained drug release.
Study on Analysis and Assessment of Acanthopanax senticosus from China and Korea with FT-IR
Authors: Wang Bao Qing
Published: June 2012

To get the IR spectrums of Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) from china and korea areas, and to find out the characters of IR spectrums through the content of different chemical constituents, provide a fast and effective analysis method monitor the inherent qualities of traditional Chinese medicine-AS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was applied to detect sample of AS from china and korea areas. This study showed that the IR spectra of AS from china and korea areas have their unique IR fingerprint features. The content of syringin and calcium oxalate in AS from china is significantly higher AS from korea. So FT-IR is a very quick, effective and well repetitive method for monitoring and distinguishing the traditional Chinese medicine.
The Application of Geological Radar in Forecasting the Adverse Geological in Metamorphic Rock Area Tunnel Construction
Authors: Xia Jiang Tao , Yang Cheng Zhong , Wang Shu Fang
Published: June 2012

Accurately surveying out the fault, facture zone, water status and other bad geological phenomenon is the key problems for safety and quality in tunnel construction. Based on the different dielectric electrical differences in characteristics, applying geological radar detected the adverse geological in front of the tunnel face and analyzed. The results show the rock in front of tunnel face is broken, the bedding joint is developed, and there is jointed intensive moisture content with the local rich water. In construction process, the support should be strengthened, excavation method should be adjusted)
Effect of Electron Beam Injection on the Removal of Metal Impurities in Silicon
Authors: Tan Yi , Pang Da Yu , Shi Shu Ang , Dong Wei , Zou Rui Xun , Jiang Da Chuan
Published: June 2012

Electron beam injection(EBI) is a process of gathering the electrons in materials using electron beam(EB). The EBI technology is proposed for purification of silicon particles by removing metal impurities through high-temperature oxidation, EBI, and HF acid washing processes. Analysis of silicon particle morphology after high-temperature oxidation using digital camera and after EBI using scanning electron microscope(SEM) were conducted. Then, the composition of silicon particles was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma(ICP). The silicon particle colours turned bright after EBI; therefore, EBI can change the thickness of SiO2 films in addition to increasing the temperature of the silicon particles. The results show that this technology is effective in removing metal impurities in silicon particles.
Investigate on the Research of the Constructional Material-Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Wang Shuang You , Zhang Xiao Ming
Published: June 2012

To investigate the recycled aggregate concrete’s(RAC) basic properties, the current research situation and its development trends, the thesis plays a guiding role in application of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC).
Study on Deformation Behavior of Bucket Foundation with Marine Soft Soil Materials under Horizontal Loading
Authors: Tang Xiao Wei , Li Zhen Qing , Ma Zhe Chao
Published: June 2012

The 21st century is the new era which mankind develop and utilize the ocean，In order to exploit and utilize of marine resources，the bucket foundation is emerged under this condition. In the process, a lot of marine soft soil materials is inevitably encountered with in engineering practice. Traditionally, the bucket foundation is only a upside-down bucket and no compartment is set inside. Using the finite element method, this paper makes a systematical expatiation on the research on the horizontal bearing capacity of bucket foundation with marine soft soil materials under cyclic loading conditions.
The Research of Composite Solar and Wind Energy Materials Generator
Authors: Zhang Lian Zhong , Li Jing Min
Published: June 2012

Composite generator of solar and wind energy materials the generators， energy-saving environmental protection as a precondition to full use of green renewable energy, making wind power in weak wind conditions and strong winds can maintain normal operation of wind turbines how wind instability Under normal operation, but at higher wind speeds, the blades are not damaged? We start from the pressure-controlled device, the mechanical components and microelectronic technology combine to complete the slurry from the regulator controlled by changing the role of plasma from the body, strengthen the control of wind turbines, wind generators can adapt to changes in wind speed. In the initial wind speed easy to start; in the design of wind speed and wind speed between the initial access to higher wind energy utilization coefficient; In addition, the weak and the solar wind is sufficient,solar power can also get the power to add the function to ensure that the entire power system running smoothly, to achieve full power generation purposes.
Experimental Research on Shape Reconstruction of Eccentric Circular Cylindrical Flaw in Inhomogeneous Material
Authors: Zheng Gang Feng , Wu Bin , He Cun Fu
Published: June 2012

In this article, three dimensional Born inverse scattering method is modified to convenient form to reconstruct the shape of a three-dimensional flaw in an inhomogeneous cylindrical specimen. In this modified method, a measurement plane is restricted to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the inhomogeneous cylindrical specimen. Thus the cross-sectional image of the flaw can be obtained. By moving the measurement plane along the axis of the inhomogeneous cylindrical specimen, the cross-sectional image is obtained for each measurement plane. The three-dimensional flaw image is reconstructed by piling up the obtained cross-sectional images. Inhomogeneous cylindrical specimen with an eccentric circular cylindrical cavity model is prepared. The performance of the modified method to reconstruct the three-dimensional flaw is verified by using the experimentally measured waveforms. From the experimental research for the eccentric circular cylindrical defect, it is verified that the modified Born inversion works well for the volume type defect.
Study on the Fatigue Life of Fully-Automatic Hydraulic Press Beam Based on Finite Element and Mechanical Materials
Authors: Huang Zhi Cheng , Li Ze Lun
Published: June 2012

Took a type of fully-automatic hydraulic press beam as the object of study, established its 3D model by CAD Pro-E, and then import them into finite element analysis to analyze the value and distribution of the stress and strain, finally studied the fatigue life of the beam according to the finite element static analysis result and the S-N curve of the beam material by using ANSYS fatigue analysis module. The methods and conclusions have practical significance to understand the hydraulic press structure and improve on the structure design and life assessment of the fully-automatic hydraulic press beam.
Study on Megawatt-Class Wind Turbine Hydraulic System and its Materials
Authors: Sun Hong Mei , Gao Ming
Published: June 2012

Compared with electric pitch, hydraulic pitch has the merits— fast response, stable pitch, safe , reliable, etc., and is generally used in the megawatt-class wind turbine. The problems faced by the localization process of the hydraulic system, considering most of our wind farms of the unique climatic conditions and use characteristics, the localization of technical parameters of the hydraulic system and component materials selection requirements and design methods are put forward. Wind turbine pitch hydraulic system with independent intellectual property rights is developed, and is passed the actual use of assessment of the wind farm
The Synthesis and Properties of Cadmium Selenide Nanostructures
Authors: Zhang Ya Hui , Cheng Xi , Wang Qing
Published: June 2012

Cadmium selenide has been the subject of considerable interest because of its potential applications in many fields. In this paper, the synthesis of cadmium selenide nanostructures is described. The Morphologies of as prepared cadmium selenide nanostructures are summarized. And the applications and prospects of Cadmium selenide in this field also are analyzed.
Design and Dynamic Modeling of Piezoelectric Resonant Air Pump with Magnetic Spring
Authors: Yang Zhi Gang , Xie Hai Feng
Published: June 2012

A novel piezoelectric resonant air pump with magnetic spring has been proposed which using magnetic spring to replace the traditional mechanical spring. Then a prototype is designed and produced and test is made. Effects on output flow and pressure by axial distance of magnetic spring are analyzed through theoretical analysis and actual measurement of the resonance pump output flow and output pressure. Experimental results indicate that the gas transportation capacity is improved by using this piezoelectric resonant air pump in this paper.
Effect of Vertical Stress on Seismic Performance of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Block Composite Walls with a Door Opening
Authors: Wu Hui Ge , Cao Xiu Ling , Gu Jie , Zhao Yan
Published: June 2012

Non-linear analysis of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) block masonry composite walls with a door opening was conducted with finite element software ABAQUS in order to study its seismic performance. The finite element results were firstly verified with laboratory results and then the effects of vertical stress on seismic performance of the wall was investigated using finite element analysis. This study indicates that seismic performance can be improved with the increase of vertical stress; however, the effect of vertical stress on ultimate load is less than that on the displacement under ultimate load.
Ribbon Silicon Material for Solar Cells
Authors: Li Jian Gong , Wu Peng , Yu Peng , Li Shu Ai
Published: June 2012

Solar cell is one of most important renewable energy. But now it is not be widely used because of its high cost compared with traditional resource. Ribbon silicon is one new low cost solar cell material avoiding ingot casting and slicing. It is a promising silicon wafer fabrication technology alternative to traditional ingot casting and slicing. Using ribbon silicon can make solar cell production cost greatly reduced. In this paper EFG, String Ribbon and a novel silicon wafer are discussed.
Fabrication of Ferromagnetic Ge Quantum Dots Material
Authors: Ma Xi Ying
Published: June 2012

GeMn magnetic quantum dots (QDs) material were grown with a GeH4/Ar mixed gas under a constant flowing at 400°C by means of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process, then doped with Mn doped using magnetic sputtering technique and annealed at 600 C. The QDs with a Ge0.88Mn0.12 structure derived from the energy spectrum show a wide opening hysteresis loops with a large remnant magnetizations Mr are 0.1410-4 and 0.2510-4 emu/g for the as grown and the annealed samples. Moreover, the magnetic QDs show high quality voltage-current (I-V) and voltage-capacitance (C-V) properties. The magnetic GeMn QDs can be used to fabrication electromagnetic devices.
Experimental Study on the Influence of Temperature on Surface Characteristics of Alkaline Residue
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Cao Ji Qing , Zhu Xiao Hong , Zhang Wen Guang
Published: June 2012

A series of laboratory experiments on the change characteristic of BET surface area and pore size of alkaline residue(Huaian) under different temperatures were carried, the experimental procedure and results are described and analyzed in this study. The BET surface area of alkaline residue decrease obviously with temperature increasing, and the decresing tendency is slowly after 600°C. The experiment resluts show that 600°C is a threshold of alkaline residue BET surface area change. Pore size slowly increases with temperature rising. In the experimental study, alkaline residue surface morphology is researched by SEM under different temperature, SEM images showed that alkaline residue is porous polymeric aggregate in natural conditon, there is an improtant influence of thermal treatment on alkaline residue surface morphology. The porous aggregate is more compact, and its pore gradually increses with temperature rising.
Preparation of Superhydrophobic SiO2 Coating on Stainless Steel Substrate
Authors: Hu Ya Wei , He Hui Rong , Ma Yang Min
Published: June 2012

Nano-structrued SiO2 coating was prepared on metal substrate by sol-gel processing and the dip-coating technique using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as precursor. And the superhydrophobicic SiO2 coating was obtained after modified with fluoroalkylsilane (FAS, CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3). The morphology of obtained SiO2 coating was characterized by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). And the superhydrophobicity of SiO2 coating modified with FAS was characterized by contact angle meter. It was observed that the SiO2 coating showed superhydrophobicity with water contact angle 154.7° after modified with fluoroalkylsilane, and the superhydrophobicity was corrosion-resistance to acid or alkali to some extant.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surface of TiO2 through Sol-Gel Process on Stainless Steel Substrate
Authors: Hu Ya Wei , He Hui Rong , Ma Yang Min
Published: June 2012

Nano-structured TiO2 coating was constructed through sol-gel process and dip-coating method on the stainless steel surface using tetra-n-butyl titanate as precursor. The phase and the crystallographic structure of the TiO2 coating were characterized by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and the surface topography and structures of the TiO2 coating were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The superhydrophobic property of the TiO2 coating modified with the fluoroalkylsilane (FAS, CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3) was characterized by the water contact angles. It was observed that the TiO2 coating showed superhydrophobicity with water contact angle 155.3° after modifying with FAS, and the superhydrophobicity was corrosion-resistance.
Structure and Growth Kinetics Features of Ceramic Coatings Produced on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Plasma Arc Oxidation
Authors: Li Shu Hua , Wang Shen , Yin Yu Jun , Sun Kai , Tan Chen Wen
Published: June 2012

Ceramic coatings were fabricated by plasma arc oxidation on Ti6Al4V alloy in phosphate –containing solution. The growth rate, microstructure and phase composition of ceramic coatings were investigated using coating thickness gauge, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). After plasma arc oxidation treatment, the microstructure of the remained Ti6Al4V alloy substrate remains unchanged and no hardening zone in the substrate is found. Ceramic coating formed on Ti6Al4V alloy surface by alternating-current plasma arc oxidation contains two layers: an outer layer and an inner layer. The outer layer coating consists of a large amount of rutile and a little anatase. But in the inner layer, anatase becomes a main phase while the rutile fraction obviously decreases, which indicates that phase transformation of anatase into rutile occurs in the duration of oxidizing process. In the mean time, with increasing treatment duration, coating growth varies from rapidness to tardiness accompanied by gradually roughening in appearance.
Thermal Cycling Behavior of Sm2Zr2O7 Ceramics Thermal Barrier Coatings by APS
Authors: Sun Xian Kai , Wang Quan Sheng , Liu Yan Bo , Wang Can
Published: June 2012

The prochlore structure ceramic of Sm2Zr2O7 was synthesized by chermical coprecipitation method. Then the feedstock powder for plasma spraying was prepared by spray drying with proper distribution of particle size about 30–70μm. The thermal barrier coatings with a topcoat of Sm2Zr2O7 and with a two– layer topcoat of Sm2Zr2O7/YSZ were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying(APS). The cohesive strength of Sm2Zr2O7/YSZ coating presented a value of 15.49 Mpa and 23.37 Mpa, respectively. Microstructure and phase analyses reveal that plasma spraying of complex Sm2Zr2O7 is accompanied with the formation of the transverse crack networks. the TBCs with topcoat of Sm2Zr2O7 and Sm2Zr2O7/YSZ performed a thermal cycles of 35 and 60 separately under the test temperature of 1100°C. The thermally grown oxide at the topcoat–bondcoat interface was also the major factors that lead to the coating failure on thermal cycling at about 1100°C.
ZrSiO4/SiC Oxidation Protective Coating for Carbon/Carbon Composites Prepared by Hydrothermal Electrophoretic Deposition
Authors: Liu Jia , Huang Jian Feng , Cao Li Yun , Xin Yu
Published: June 2012

In order to improve the oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, a ZrSiO4coating on SiC pre-coated C/C composites was prepared by a hydrothermal electrophoretic deposition process. The phase composition, surface and cross-section microstructure, anti-oxidation property of the as-prepared ZrSiO4/SiC coating was investigated. Results show that hydrothermal electrophoretic deposition is an effective route to achieve crack-free ZrSiO4 outer coatings. The ZrSiO4/SiC coating can protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K for 332 h with a weigh loss rate of only 4.83×10-5g/cm2·h.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coatings on Copper Substrate
Authors: Liu Hong Qin , Pan Wei , Xu Bao Cai
Published: June 2012

Cupric hydroxide films with new hierarchical architecture were directly fabricated on copper substrate via a solution-immersion process at a constant temperature of 23°C. Stable superhydrophobic Cu(OH)2 surface was obtained after Cu(OH)2 films were modified with hydrolyzed 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (C8H4Cl3F13Si, FOTMS). In addition, the growth mechanism of the cupric hydroxide films was further discussed.
The Comprehensive Evaluation on Financial Performance of the Ceramic Company Based on Principal Component Analysis
Authors: He Bao Cheng , Jiang Hong Tao
Published: June 2012

The ceramic company financial performance indicator has multilayers, many dimensions and intersect characters, and the comprehensive evaluation on it is a big challenge. Firstly, this paper introduces principal component analysis theory and tool. Secondly, it constructs the four-dimensional evaluating indicator system based on “debt-paying ability, operation capability, profitability, and development capability”. In the end, based on the financial report data, this paper conducts an empirical principal component analysis on 20 typical ceramic enterprises’ financial performance. The conclusion is that the ceramic business finance performance is mainly decided by four greatest factors including “debt-paying ability, profitability, efficiency, development” and the impact of the four greatest factors upon the finance performance degree is different. This research’s innovation lies in using the principal components method to give the weight to the evaluating indicators objectively, providing not only the new tool for the ceramic enterprise financial performance assessment method’s evolution, but also the new mentality for the ceramic enterprise financial performance’s improvement.
Microwave Synthesis of Nano SiC Doping Mg(B1-2x(SiC)x)2 Superconductor and Superconductivity
Authors: Peng Yuan Dong , Xia Qing Lin , Huang Qian Ming , Li Li Ya , Wang Hong Zhong , Bao Rui , Yi Jian Hong
Published: June 2012

Superconductor samples Mg(B1-2x(SiC)x)2 (x=0, 5%, 10%) are synthesized from nano SiC, Mg and amorphous boron powders by microwave direct synthesis in a short time. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that the phases of the synthesis sample are MgB2 (major phase) and a small amount of MgO and Mg2Si. The main peaks of MgB2, (100), (101), (002) and (110) are shift to the higher diffraction angle position and the width of half height of the diffraction plane is broaden for the SiC doping Mg(B1-2x(SiC)x)2, which show that the B positions of MgB2 are partly substituted and the grains of MgB2 are fine. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation shows that the MgB2 grain size is very small and the sample is tightness (compact). The onset superconducting transition temperature of the Mg(B1-2x(SiC)x)2 (x=0, 5%, 10%) samples measured by magnetization measurement are about 37.6 K, 37.0 K, 36.8 K respectively. The critical current density Jc are calculated according to the Bean model from the magnetization hysteresis loop of the slab Mg(B1-2x(SiC)x)2 (x=0, 5%, 10%) samples. The critical current density Jc of nano SiC doping Mg(B1-2x(SiC)x)2 samples are greatly enhanced. In higher external magnetic field, the Jc of 10% SiC doped sample is the highest; in lower external magnetic field, the Jc of 5% SiC doped sample is the highest; while in the whole external magnetic field, the Jc of undoped sample is the lowest.
Develop Dual-Mode DGS Bandpass Filters Using High Quality Factor Aluminum Oxide Ceramic Substrates
Authors: Cheng Chien Min , Chen Kai Huang , Hsieh Yuan Tai , Jong Fuh Cheng , Chen Shih Fang
Published: June 2012

Aluminum Oxide microwave dielectric ceramics exhibit good microwave dielectric characteristics and suitable be used in the microwave devices. In this letter, using screen-printing technique and Ag/Pd paste, a novel dual-mode 2.4 GHz microstrip bandpass filter with U-shaped defected ground structure is screen printed on the Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3, relative dielectric constant=9.8) microwave dielectric ceramic substrate. In addition, a pair of input/output microstrip lines are designed to be 50 Ω and coupled to a λ/4×λ/4 square loop resonator. And in the ground plane, a U-shaped defected ground structure is used toλ excite the degenerate modes, which can be considered as a perturbation element to control the odd-mode frequency and -3 dB bandwidth of the bandpass filter. Finally, the coupling effects between these degenerate modes are presented and detailed investigated.
Analysis of Absorption Properties for Magnetism-Absorbing Agents Mixed with Semiconductor Particulate
Authors: Wu Chao , Zeng Zhao Yang , Lü Xu Liang , Jia Q. , Tang H.C.
Published: June 2012

In order to improve absorbing properties of material effectively, enhance the ability of attenuating electromagnetic wave, and at the same time, make the impedance matching with air to the most extent, this paper mixed ferrite magnetism microwave-absorbing agents with semiconductor particulates. We got the effective EM parameter of the mixture using effective EM parameter model, and then analyzed absorption properties. As the result, it figured out the cubage proportion and conductance of semiconductor particulates based on the resistance matching principle. Through calculating the reflection ratio、impedance matching characteristic and attenuation coefficient of the material, it is proved that mixing ferrite magnetism microwave-absorbing agents with semiconductor particulate which has less permittivity could reduce real complex permittivity and increase imaginary complex permittivity of the composite material. It was able to enhance the ability of attenuating electromagnetic wave, improve absorbing properties, and meanwhile do not destroy the impedance matching characteristic with air.
Synthesis and Characteristics of MgO Coated BST-Mg2TiO4 Composite Ceramics
Authors: Jia Qian Qian , Ji Hui Ming , Liu Shan , Li Xiao Lei , Jin Zheng Guo
Published: June 2012

The (Ba, Sr)TiO3 (hereafter BST) ceramics are promising candidate for applying in tunable devices. MgO coated BST-Mg2TiO4 (BSTM-MT) composite ceramics were prepared to obtain the low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, good dielectric constant temperature stability, and high tunability of BST ceramics. The Ba0.55Sr0.40Ca0.05TiO3 nanoparticles were coated with MgO using the precipitation method and then mixed with Mg2TiO4 powders to fabricate BSTM-MT composite ceramics. The morphologies, phases, elements, and dielectric properties of the sintered ceramics were investigated. The core-shell structure of BST powder wrapped with MgO was clearly observed from the TEM image. After sintered at 1100 °C for 2 h, the composite ceramics expressed dense microstructures from SEM images and two main phases BST and Mg2TiO4 were detected in the XRD patterns. The dielectric constant and loss tangent were both reduced after the coating. The reduced dielectric constant and loss tangent of BSTM-MT were 190, 0.0011 (2MHz), respectively. The ceramics exhibited the diffuse phase transition near the Curie temperature and the Curie temperature shifted from 10 °C to 5 °C after the coating. Since the continuous Ti-O bonds were disconnected with the MgO coating, the tunability was reduced to 15.14 % under a DC bias field of 1.1 kV/mm. The optimistic dielectric properties made it useful for the application of tunable capacitors and phase shifters.
Effect of P-Zn-La-Si-Al-N-Mg-Yb Oxides Additives on Sintering and Microwave Dielectric Behaviors of Nd(Co1/2Ti1/2)O3 Ceramics
Authors: Hsu Cheng Hsing , Chang Yu Hsuan , Yang Hsi Wen , Lin Jenn Sen , Lai Chun Hung , Tung Hsin Han
Published: June 2012

The microstructure and dielectric properties of the complex perovskite Nd(Col/2Ti1/2)03ceramics with 60P2O5-15ZnO-5La2O3-5Al2O3-5N2O-5MgO-5Yb2O3glass additions from 1-2 wt% were prepared with the conventional solid-state route have been investigated. The resultant microwave dielectric properties were analyzed based upon the densification, the X-ray diffraction patterns and the microstructures of the ceramics. Doping with 60P2O5-15ZnO-5La2O3-5Al2O3- 5N2O-5MgO-5Yb2O3glass (up to 2 wt%) can effectively promote the densification of Nd(Co1/2Ti1/2)O3ceramics at low sintering temperature. A distinct sintering temperature reduction (100-200°C) can be achieved by adding 60P2O5-15ZnO-5La2O3-5Al2O3-5N2O-5MgO-5Yb2O3glass to the Nd(Co1/2Ti1/2)O3ceramics. The correlation between the microstructures and the microwave dielectric properties was also examined. The Nd(Co1/2Ti1/2)O3ceramics with 60P2O5-15ZnO-5La2O3- 5Al2O3-5N2O-5MgO-5Yb2O3glass additions can find applications in microwave devices requiring low sintering temperature.
Application of AC Impedance Spectroscopy for Characterization of BiNbO4 Ceramics
Authors: Lisińska-Czekaj Agata , Wodecka-Duś Beata , Czekaj Dionizy
Published: June 2012

Impedance spectroscopy is known as an important technique used for describing the electrical processes occurring in a system on applying an ac signal as input perturbation. In the present paper results of a study of BiNbO4 ceramics fabricated by mixed oxide method and sintered by free sintering are reported. Results on the ac response of the electroceramic samples by impedance spectroscopy at temperature T= 100 – 400 °C are given. The usual representation (i.e. Z” vs. Z’ where Z’ and Z” are the real and imaginary parts of the complex impedance, respectively) as well as the alternative representations of the impedance measurement (electrical modulus representation) was used to interpret the impedance spectra of BiNbO4 ceramics in order to obtain separate contributions of the bulk, grain boundary and electrode processes. The Kramers-Kronig data validation test was employed in the impedance data analysis. Experimental data of impedance spectroscopy were fitted to the corresponding equivalent circuit using the complex non-linear least squares method. Agreement between experimental and simulated data was established.
Studies on Structural, Microwave Dielectric Properties, and Low-Temperature Sintering of 1.52Li2O-0.36Nb2O5-1.34TiO2 Ceramic
Authors: Zeng Qun , Zhou Yong Heng
Published: June 2012

The structure, microwave dielectric properties and low-temperature sintering of a new Li2O-Nb2O5-TiO2 system ceramic with the Li2O: Nb2O5: TiO2 mole ratio of 1.52: 0.36: 1.34 have been investigated in this study. The 1.52Li2O-0.36Nb2O5-1.34TiO2 (LNT) ceramic is composed of two phases, the “M-Phase” and Li2TiO3 solid solution (Li2TiO3ss) phase. This new microwave dielectric ceramic has low intrinsic sintering temperature ( ~ 1100 oC ) and good microwave dielectric properties of middle permittivity (εr ~38.6), high Q×f value up to 7712 GHz, and near zero τf value (~ 4.64 ppm/oC). In addition, the sintering temperature of the LNT ceramics could be lowered down effectively from 1100 oC to 900 oC by adding 1 wt.% B2O3. Good microwave dielectric properties of εr = 42.5, Q*f =6819 GHz and τf = 2.7 ppm/oC could be obtained at 900 oC, which indicate the ceramics would be promising candidates for low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) applications.
Dielectric Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Single Phase BFO Prepared by Chemical Coprecipitation
Authors: Liu Xiao Lin , Dou Xiao Liang , Xie Huan Ying , Chen Jian Feng
Published: June 2012

Bismuth ferrite (BFO), one of very few multiferroics with simultaneous coexistence of ferroelectric and magnetic ordering, has attracted much attention due to its potential applications for new memory devices. In this work, 30~90 nm BFO powders with single rhombohedral phase were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method and after calcining of 500oC. Photocatalytic properties of the powders and dielectric properties of BFO ceramic were characterized, respectively. Cut-off wavelength of the powders at 590 nm exhibited efficient ultraviolet photocatalytic activity, which has been demonstrated by a photocatalytic result. 0.3g BFO powders can make 10 ppm RhB aqueous solution (100 ml) to decolorize and RhB decomposition rate reached to 95% during 3 hr UV irradiation. BFO ceramic can be obtained by sintering the green disc compacted with BFO powders at 800oC for 1h. Its dielectric constant is t about 250, and its dielectric loss is 0.03 at below 100 oC in the frequency range of 102 ~ 104 Hz and up to 1200 at 200 oC under 1 kHz, respectively. Reduced polarization is found due to higher loss and lower dielectric constant of the ceramic when the measuing frequency is more than 104 Hz. Magnetic hysteresis loop of BFO ceramic also shows weaker magnetic property, which may be attributed to size confinement effect of the nanostructures.