bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews
Authors: Simpkin Sarah
Published: July 2020

Focus on Geodatabases in ArcGIS Pro by David W. Allen. Reviewed by Barbara Znamirowski.

GIS for Science: Applying Mapping and Spatial Analytics by Dawn Wright and Christian Harder (editors). Reviewed by Martin Chandler.
Opioids or Steroids for Pneumonia or Sinusitis
Authors: Phang Karina G. , Roberts James R. , Ebeling Myla , Garner Sandra S. , Basco William T.
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:

To compare the frequency of opioid and corticosteroid prescriptions dispensed for children with pneumonia or sinusitis visits on the basis of location of care.

METHODS:

We evaluated 2016 South Carolina Medicaid claims data for 5 to 18 years olds with pneumonia or sinusitis. Visits were associated with 1 of 3 locations: the emergency department (ED), urgent care, or the ambulatory setting.

RESULTS:

Inclusion criteria were met by 31 838 children. Pneumonia visits were more often linked to an opioid prescription in the ED (34 of 542 [6.3%]) than in ambulatory settings (24 of 1590 [1.5%]; P ≤ .0001) and were more frequently linked to a steroid prescription in the ED (106 of 542 [19.6%]) than in ambulatory settings (196 of 1590 [12.3%]; P ≤ .0001). Sinusitis visits were more often linked to an opioid prescription in the ED (202 of 2705 [7.5%]) than in ambulatory settings (568 of 26 866 [2.1%]; P ≤ .0001) and were more frequently linked to a steroid prescription in the ED (510 of 2705 [18.9%]) than in ambulatory settings (1922 of 26 866 [7.2%]; P ≤ .0001). In logistic regression for children with pneumonia, the ED setting was associated with increased odds of receiving an opioid (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.69) or steroid (aOR 1.67). Similarly, patients with sinusitis were more likely to be prescribed opioids (aOR 4.02) or steroids (aOR 3.05) in the ED than in ambulatory sites.

CONCLUSIONS:

School-aged children received opioid and steroid prescriptions for pneumonia or sinusitis at a higher frequency in the ED versus the ambulatory setting.
Amphibia, Anura, Centrolenidae, Cochranella resplendens (Lynch & Duellman, 1973): first record from Brazil and updated map of the geographic distribution
Authors: Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , Pinheiro Rodrigo Tavares , Castroviejo-Fisher Santiago
Published: July 2020

Specimens of the glassfrog Cochranella resplendens (Lynch & Duellman, 1973) are known from 13 localities from Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Herein, we report the first Brazilian record, which extends the known distribution of the species 2,129 km to the east of the nearest record in Santa Rosa de Sucumbíos Río Rumiyacu, Valle del Guamués, Putumayo, Colombia.
EXPERIENCE OF SEALING WEAK WATER-SATURATED LOESS SOILS WITH VERTICAL SAND DRAINS IN SEISMIC REGIONS
Authors: Mangushev R. A , Usmanov R. A
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of studies relating to compaction of weak water-saturated forest soils and vertical sandy drains under static and seismic effects in the conditions of the Central Asian region. Considering the absence of any experimental and theoretical studies of the application of this parameter, field (in-situ) experimental studies were carried out to identify the possibilities and effectiveness of its use in conditions of weak water-rich loess soils of the Republic of Tajikistan. The article discusses changes in the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of soils and experimental structures. At the experimental site, three plots with a size of 10·10 m were prepared, where the plot was loaded without the installation of vertical sand drains; 3·3 m to a depth of 6.0 m. Static loading of experimental plots by a derivative by layer-by-layer dumping of ground material with measurement of total and layer-by-layer deformations of the packed thickness. Imitation of seismic impact with an intensity of 8 points was carried out using short-delayed explosions of explosive charges. Studies have shown the effectiveness of the use of vertical sandy drains for compaction of weak water-saturated loess soils. Recommendations are given on the use of explosion energy to improve the quality of soil compaction.
THE RESULTS OF FIELD TESTS OF WEAK SOILS
Authors: Zaitsev A. A , Ofrikhter V. G
Published: July 2020

Organization of construction on sites built of weak soils is associated with certain problems, one of which is the construction of temporary roads and foundations for building mechanisms (pile drivers, cranes, etc.). Temporary roads necessary attributes of any construction, ensuring the availability of facilities and linear structures. One of the features of the temporary roads is their erection in accordance with the staged scheme of the organization of construction. Physico-mechanical characteristics of the soils are necessary for the design of such passages using which it is possible to perform calculations using approved soil models. During civil engineering processes on weak soils, it is also important to preserve geological diversity, which is possible with a comprehensive assessment of soil properties. Work on weak soils, even at the survey stage, is associated with accessibility problems due to their low bearing capacity. Usually travel by transport on such soils in warm season is impossible. Evaluation of the physico-mechanical properties of weak soils is possible using lightweight portable devices that can be delivered to the testing sites manually. This paper presents the results of the evaluation of the mechanical characteristics of weak soil using lightweight portable devices such as probe penetrometer, vane shear meter, and dynamic density meters. Soil properties obtained during field tests can be used as input parameters for design models, the use of which allows to perform immediate out calculations temporary road construction or the base for the construction mechanism. Works performed according to the proposed method are of low laboriousness, low cost and high efficiency, do not require the use of mechanisms and can be performed by one person.
DEVELOPMENT AND EXAMINATION OF FORCE SPECTRA FOR CONSTRUCTION MACHINES
Authors: Büttner A. , Schmidt J. H.T , Saathoff F.
Published: July 2020

Together with our partner Baudynamik Heiland & Mistler the university of Applied Sciences is developing a practical prediction method for construction machine induced vibrations. The project is sponsored by BMWi. The new method takes the construction machine parameters and the soil characteristics much more realistically into account. This is done by a special measuring procedure. The first step of this procedure is to measure the transfer admittance of the specific machine at a location „1“ and the vibration responses at different distances. Then the machine spectra are calculated from the measured data at each distance. In a second step the transfer admittance i.e. in building (location „2“) are measured for an impulse force induced by a special impulse generator. Then the previously obtained machine spectra together with the impulse response is mathematically transformed in the frequency domain to obtain a prediction of the vibrations in the building caused by the machine by back transformation in the time domain. The so predicted vibrations can be used to evaluate the admissible vibration given DIN 4150-3. The two step procedure is based on the assumption that the vibrations transfer in the soil and in the building can be described as linear systems. Within the paper this assumption will be proofed for a specific vibration plate. The procedure describe above is applied to three different places with completely different soil characteristics. The machine force spectra are obtained for each soil at different distances. The data evaluation shows the significant influence of the distance to the calculated machine spectra. The influence of the impulse level (lower or higher impulse forces) shows to be of minor significance. A comparison of the force spectra obtain for the three different soils shows that the machine spectra are in satisfactory accordance. As result it can be stated that the assumed of linear vibration transfer for vibrations caused by the vibration plate can be satisfactorily proofed. The proposed prediction method is further developed and proofed.
WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMPLEXES
Authors: Bartova L. V , Bushmakina N. V , Petukhova E. O
Published: July 2020

The authors of the article revealed the directions of development of water supply and sanitation systems of multifunctional buildings, the specific features and the most rational design solutions of systems. Design of water supply and sanitation components of the complex (residential part, infrastructure) is based on standards and experience in the design of such facilities located separately and operating independently. At the same time, the design has specific features because many objects are parts of a single complex. For example, such as the duplication or redundancy of individual elements of the system; the device of a separate fire extinguishing system, including a reservoir with a supply of water; the use of additional equipment aimed at saving water; installation of local wastewater treatment facilities of industrial premises; design of rain sewers with closed outlets. The article presents a simplified method for determining the maximum hourly and second water and wastewater flow rates for buildings with a large number of water users.Determination on set of rules30.13330.2016 is conducted only for the most water-intensive consumers, which account for more than 90 % of the daily water consumption of the entire complex and the number of which usually does not exceed three.The expenses of other small water consumers are taken into account additionally as a percentage of consumption of water-intensive facilities. It is determined that the share of small consumers in the maximum hourly consumption of water and wastewater is 6 %, in the maximum second consumption - 4,5 %. The collected information is used in the design of a specific object - a complex of two residential buildings on a common stylobate part, which houses the infrastructure facilities of administrative, commercial and fitness purposes.
SUBSTANTIATION OF OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR THE REAGENT PURIFICATION OF WASH WATER FROM HEAVY NON-FERROUS METAL IONS
Authors: Smirnova V. S , Hudorozhkova S. A , Ruchkinova O. I
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of reagent methods, selection of reagents and optimal doses for the process of carrying out the purification of industrial wastewater from heavy non-ferrous metal ions, such as copper ammonium, copper sulfate, nickel, hexavalent chromium. Presents data on the cost of each reagent used, as well as a table with the original data. The course of the experimental work, the pH value, the initial metal concentration and the dose of the reagents used are described. The graphic results of experimental work on the purification of wash water containing various non-ferrous metals are given, which show the final concentrations of metals and the cost of cleaning 1 cub m of runoff. As a result of the analysis, conclusions were made about the effectiveness of the various reagents used on heavy non-ferrous metal ions. The criterion for the efficiency of cleaning the wash water was the possibility of achieving the maximum permissible concentration for discharge into the fishery reservoir, the permissible concentration for discharge into the centralized water disposal system of the city and standards for permissible discharge for the enterprise. The optimal conditions for reagent purification of wash water are found, taking into account the possibility of achieving each considered criterion of purification efficiency, with the minimum cost of reagents. The use of reagent purification of wash water requires subsequent neutralization of treated wastewater. The choice of the technological scheme of purification of wash water from heavy non-ferrous metal ions will be determined, on the one hand, from the heavy non-ferrous metal ion contained in the wastewater, and on the other hand, from the need to achieve the required cleaning criterion.
PROBLEMS OF COMMUNICATION LINES AND ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION LINES ON GENERAL SUPPORT IN CITY CONDITIONS
Authors: Senchenko V. A , Kaverzneva T. T
Published: July 2020

In the development of the energy industry in Russia, there has been a steady growth in the demand for electrical energy. Moreover, a significant increase in electricity consumption accounts for large cities. In rural areas, electricity consumption is mainly decreasing, which can be explained by the tendency of the outflow of the working-age population from the village and villages to the cities due to the lack of permanent work. However, when investing in the agro-industrial complex, with the development of farms, the demand for electricity also increases in villages. In addition, it is necessary to note the large-scale introduction of digital television and modern means of communication in holiday villages and villages. Thus, in the last decade, the demand for electricity throughout the country has increased significantly, which has led to an increase in communications and communications services, as well as consumers of these services. Since the easiest and most cost-effective way to provide consumer services and power supply is to lay down overhead lines and overhead power lines, it often happens that new customers are connected to already existing old (sometimes heavily worn out) lines. In addition to possible overloads of lines, a “tangle” of wires is formed at the intersections of overhead communication lines (VLS) and overhead transmission lines (VLE), which makes it difficult to carry out subsequent installation and repair work. The appearance of such a "tangle" creates an additional risk of injury to the worker when working at height. In order to reduce the complexity of maintenance and increase safety during operation, installation and maintenance of communication lines and power lines, a constructive solution has been proposed in junction intersections in the form of a traverse, which allows, firstly, to provide a greater number of attachment points and, secondly, to separate communication lines and power lines on different planes.
ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF USING VIBRATIONS TO REMOVE SNOW FROM A SLOPING ROOF
Authors: Zadorina L. V , Muratova V. A , Zverev O. M
Published: July 2020

Timely removal of snow from the roof ensures the absence of ice and icicles, which contributes to the safety of roofing material and guarantees the safety of people's lives. Various mechanical methods of snow removal from pitched roofs are considered. Various devices and units for snow dumping by means of vibrations are analyzed. A useful model "device for removing snow and ice from an inclined roof"is presented. The device contains an electric motor, a transmission in the form of a rotating shaft with an eccentric placed in the housing on bearings. At least one sole is attached to the body in the form of a plate for fastening the body to the crate or rafters. The motor is powered by a battery or charger. Tests of the device, carried out first on model, and then real roofs, showed that vibrations can be successfully used for snow removal from pitched roofs. The most rapid removal of snow occurs from the roofs with metal, and with painted profiled faster than galvanized. Rough roofs (slate, Ondulin) snow melts more slowly, and with oculina faster due to the smaller mass per square meter of roofing material and more amplitudoi its vibration. It is established that it is most effective to fix the device with the axis of rotation parallel to the rafters and to the Board of the crate to which the roofing material is sewn. Useful model "device for removing snow and ice from a sloping roof" has proven to be reliable in operation, easy to manufacture, mobile and efficient. The device allows you to clean the snow without leaving the person on the roof.
ASSESSMENT OF THE GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF THE ROAD USING A MOBILE ROAD LABORATORY
Authors: Korenevsky V. V , Mordik E. A
Published: July 2020

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that any complex laboratory equipment requires the appropriate qualifications of staff. A successfully mastered operator training course is sufficient for most standard situations, but does not provide comprehensive ideas about the features of the equipment and software in difficult field conditions, which in turn can cause difficulties in the operation of the device and an increase in the share of subjective decisions in the result. A more complete study of the operation of complex equipment is possible only having practical experience in its operation in different conditions. This article reveals the features of the Geometry complex of the mobile road laboratory KP-514 SMP Highway, which is used to determine the parameters of geometric characteristics, evenness of the coating, the strength of the pavement, and so on. The leading approach to the study of this problem is a descriptive method, which allowed to identify the features of the geometric characteristics of the road. The authors studied in detail the transport interchange on 73 km of the A-290 Novorossiysk - Kerch Strait highway. During the study, it was found that the Geometry module is sufficient to confirm safe traffic conditions and restore lost information about the geometry of the road, since information on the presence and parameters of transition curves is not contained in the description of the route plan. In addition, the authors came to the conclusion that the software settings affect the accuracy of processing the initial path and adjust it using the “comparison interval” parameter of the “setup” window of the Road-PRO software and measuring complex. The materials of the article imply practical significance for university professors in engineering specialties.
DETERMINATION OF AN INCLINATION ANGLE OF THE MOST PROBABLE DESTRUCTION SITE AT THE GROUND POINT
Authors: Bogomolova O. A , Zhidelev A. V
Published: July 2020

The paper considers three approaches to determining the angle of inclination of the most likely fracture site at a point in the soil mass. It is shown that the value of the safety factor at a point located in the thickness of the soil substantially depends on the orientation angle of the fracture site, which, in turn, is a function of the geometric parameters (cross-sectional shape) of the studied soil mass, its stress state, and the physicomechanical properties of the component soil mass: specific adhesion, angle of internal friction, density and lateral pressure coefficient. Comparison of the results of numerous calculations allows us to conclude that in the soil mass there are so-called equidistant zones, which are characterized by the fact that the values of the safety margins calculated for the sliding or abutment surfaces located inside these zones for each specific object either coincide, or differ from each other very slightly. This circumstance leads to the fact that the process of sliding (sliding) of the ground mass, if a landslide process is considered, or the soil is burst out from under the foundation when the question of determining the bearing capacity of the foundation of the structure is considered, does not take place on the so-called fracture surface, but passes to the limiting state a certain layer of soil, inside of which there is the most likely surface of sliding or abutment. Based on a comparison of the results of the calculations, it is concluded that it is necessary to conduct an operation to find the orientation angles of the fracture sites based on the analysis of the stress-strain state of the soil mass taking into account the physicomechanical properties of the composing soil.
REDUCTION VIBRATIONS OF THE PILE FOUNDATIONS FOR MACHINES UNDER DYNAMIC LOADS BY HIGH-PRESSURE GROUP INJECTION METHOD
Authors: Nuzhdin M. L , Nuzhdin L. V
Published: July 2020

The vibration parameters of the foundations under dynamic loads or kinematic excitation directly depend on the stiffness and damping parameters of the base, the mass of the oscillating system consisting foundation, the machine and the «attached mass of soil». In the process of using pile foundations static load is transferred to the piles, the contact of the grillage with the ground is broken, and micro-gaps are formed. Micro-gaps impede the joint work of the soil mass of the inter-pile space with the foundation. An effective way to reduce the vibration parameters of foundations is the method of high-pressure group injection. The essence of the method lies in injection of a mobile cement-sand mortar into the soil base under the sole of the grillage under pressure exceeding the structural strength of the soil simultaneously through several injectors. The injection mixture eliminates micro-gaps and hardens the soil, which leads to an increase in the rigidity of the base and the involvement of an additional volume of soil mass in joint work with the foundation. The inclusion of inter-pile soil in joint work significantly increases the mass of the oscillating system and, as a result, reduces the parameters of horizontal and vertical vibrations of the pile foundation under dynamic loading and in the case of kinematic excitation. Injectors are immersed under the sole of the grillage through specially provided openings - injection conductors. The discharge points are usually located between piles and around the perimeter of the grillage. The parameters of the injection work (the number of injection points and their placement in the plan, the height of the injection horizons, the required volume of injected solution, the injection sequence, etc.) are assigned depending on the construction of the pile foundation, the engineering and geological conditions of the site, the dynamic operating mode of the equipment, and others factors. Strengthening pile foundations for machines under dynamic loads or vibration-sensitive equipment by high-pressure group injection can significantly reduce the amplitude of horizontal and vertical vibrations of foundations.
On Crashing the Barrier of Meaning in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Mitchell Melanie
Published: July 2020

In 1986, the mathematician and philosopher Gian‐Carlo Rota wrote, “I wonder whether or when artificial intelligence will ever crash the barrier of meaning” (Rota 1986). Here, the phrase “barrier of meaning” refers to a belief about humans versus machines: Humans are able to actually understand the situations they encounter, whereas even the most advanced of today's artificial intelligence systems do not yet have a humanlike understanding of the concepts that we are trying to teach them. This lack of understanding may underlie current limitations on the generality and reliability of modern artificial intelligence systems. In October 2018, the Santa Fe Institute held a three‐day workshop, organized by Barbara Grosz, Dawn Song, and myself, called Artificial Intelligence and the Barrier of Meaning. Thirty participants from a diverse set of disciplines — artificial intelligence, robotics, cognitive and developmental psychology, animal behavior, information theory, and philosophy, among others — met to discuss questions related to the notion of understanding in living systems and the prospect for such understanding in machines. In the hope that the results of the workshop will be useful to the broader community, this article summarizes the main themes of discussion and highlights some of the ideas developed at the workshop.
Apontamentos sobre proteção e liberdade de crianças e adolescentes quanto ao uso da internet
Authors: Freitas Nivaldo Alexandre de , Dias Lívia Ferreira
Published: July 2020

Este artigo discute a necessidade e os limites da proteção e da liberdade de crianças e adolescentes quanto ao uso da internet, destacando alguns aspectos negativos e positivos desse uso, considerando também o respeito aos seus direitos. O texto encontra-se dividido em duas partes: na primeira, busca-se refletir sobre algumas concepções de infância e se destaca a criança como um ser ativo e participante em seus contextos sociais. Em uma segunda parte do texto faz-se uma reflexão sobre a técnica e a maneira contraditória com que ela se insere nesta sociedade e se implica na formação humana desde muito cedo, se tornando uma questão para a educação, já que ela pode significar também um elemento que lhe impõe barreiras. Ao final é possível considerar com mais clareza os limites entre proteção e liberdade de crianças e adolescentes quanto ao uso da internet e a importância do educador desenvolver o debate sobre esses elementos no âmbito escolar.
A educação para o trabalho nos sistemas prisionais paulistas
Authors: Silva Jr João Ferreira , Alaniz Erika Porceli
Published: July 2020

Discutimos, nesse artigo, a materialização do PET desenvolvido pela FUNAP. Trata-se uma pesquisa empírica, com análise bibliográfica e documental, realizada em três unidades do sistema penitenciário localizadas em um município do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Foram realizadas observações sistemáticas nas instituições e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores e monitores que atuam no planejamento e na implementação do PET. A análise evidenciou que a formação profissional proposta não se efetiva nas unidades carcerárias devido: a reduzida carga horária dos cursos, a ausência de infraestrutura para aulas e o reduzido número de detentos atendidos.
Psicopolítica, neoliberalismo e as novas formas de poder
Authors: Habowski Adilson Cristiano , Conte Elaine
Published: July 2020

Sem Resumo
A dicotomia do Saber na Escola do Campo: aportes Epistemológicos da Sociologia Rural
Authors: Oliveira Melo Manoel Valquer , Queda Oriowaldo , Silveira Botta Ferrante Vera Lúcia
Published: July 2020

O artigo visou analisar a Educação do Campo como uma modalidade educacional difundida como fruto da bandeira de luta pelo direito à terra dos movimentos socioterritoriais do Brasil. A investigação é precedida de um modelo contra-hegemônico que se contrapõe ao conhecimento urbano-centrado imposto pela a Educação Formal. Por outro lado, convém discutir a Escola do Campo, qual seja reproduz-se dentro de uma base ideológica positivista, desvinculada do modo de vida dos sujeitos. Desse modo, concebem-se nos espaços pedagógicos da escola por meio da dicotomia do saber, as contradições históricas que prescinde da superação do saber hegemônico no contexto das classes sociais do campo.
Program for Regional Conflict Prevention when Using Natural Resources Authors
Authors: Novoselova I.Yu. , Avramenko A.A. , Aliev R.A.
Published: July 2020

The extraction of natural resources in the mining regions causes environmental pollution, changes the landscape, and reduces biodiversity, and leads to conflicts between the local population and the mining enterprises. The paper aims to design a methodological tool for eliminating social tensions in the mining regions during field development and exploitation. The goal can be achieved by creating compensation projects that take into account the priorities assessed by the stakeholders: the population, the regional authorities and the mining enterprise. As the compensation projects strive to solve social and environmental problems in the mining regions, they include the direct financial compensation to the population, development of traditional enterprisers, reduction of environmental pollution, infrastructure development, etc. We focused on two logically connected tasks: 1) assessing the significance of compensation projects and funding by the regional budget and the mining enterprise; 2) determining the sequencing of the considered projects. For solving the first task, we proposed a method of the multi-criteria significance assessment of program projects from the perspective of the population, the regional authorities and the mining enterprise, based on a specific unified rating scale. This method uses a technique that cuts off options with low interest in the projects. Thus, it allows assessing the significance of the program projects, as well as calculating the shares of funding by the mining enterprise and the regional budget. For solving the second task, we applied the economic and mathematical model and the heuristic method, determining which projects should be implemented first. The experimental calculations showed that the developed compensation programs comply with the preferences of the stakeholders. The application of the developed approach can contribute to the balanced socio-economic development of the mining regions in conditions of intensive field development and exploitation.
THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RANAVIRUSES: SUMMARY OF NORTH AMERICAN HERPETOLOGICAL CONTENT AND POINTS OF INTEREST
Authors: Ash Lauren , Marschang Rachel , Rijks Jolianne , Duffus Amanda
Published: July 2020

Ranaviruses are large double stranded DNA viruses from the family Iridoviridae. They are globally distributed and are currently known to affect fish, reptiles and amphibians. In North America, ranaviruses are also widely distributed, and cause frequent morbidity and mortality events in both wild and cultured populations. This is a synopsys of the North American content of the 4th International Symposium on Ranaviruses held in May 2017 in Budapest, Hungary.
Многокритериальный подход к построению двухфакторных полносвязных регрессий на примере моделирования ВВП России
Authors: Базилевский Михаил Павлович
Published: July 2020

В настоящее время регрессионные модели чаще всего строятся в предположении, что объясняющие переменные не содержат ошибок. Для регрессионных моделей с ошибками в объясняющих переменных, более известных как «errors-in-variables models», разработан весьма мощный математический аппарат, однако широкого практического применения они почти не находят. Для этого ранее были разработаны модели полносвязной линейной регрессии. Целью данной работы является исследование возможности применения двухфакторной полносвязной регрессии в качестве инструмента для улучшения верифицируемой по нескольким критериям адекватности двухфакторной множественной модели. В статье кратко описаны двухфакторные полносвязные регрессии. Для оценивания суммарного качества регрессионных моделей предложен агрегированный критерий, представляющий собой линейную комбинацию четырех хорошо известных критериев адекватности. На основе этого критерия сформулирована задача выбора оптимальных оценок вторичного уравнения полносвязной регрессии. Такая задача формализована в виде задачи математического программирования. Рассмотрен приближенный способ её решения. С использованием предложенного способа построены регрессионные модели ВВП России для различных условий. При этом полученная в результате модель ВВП оказалась по агрегированному критерию лучше классической множественной регрессии более чем в 2 раза. Предложенную в работе методику можно использовать как инструмент для борьбы с автокорреляцией ошибок и для повышения согласованности поведения фактической и расчетной траекторий изменения значений объясняемой переменной.
Гибридная модель деформации для задачи неригидной регистрации результата трехмерного сканирования
Authors: Климов Кирилл В.
Published: July 2020

Одной из задач в области компьютерной графики является задача поиска соответствий между трехмерными моделями (задача неригидной регистрации). Особый интерес представляет регистрация результатов трехмерного сканирования человеческого лица, с последующим использованием результатов регистрации для создания анимации. Существует множество алгоритмов регистрации, однако, большинство из них плохо работает в случаях, когда входные модели сильно отличаются друг от друга. В частности, при регистрации трехмерных моделей нейтрального и кричащего лица. В данной работе предлагается модификация итеративного алгоритма ближайших точек, приспособленная для высокоточной регистрации сильно отличающихся трехмерных моделей. Ключевыми компонентами алгоритма являются: гибридная модель деформации, основанная на графе деформации, для захвата мелких деталей и модель деформации на основе специальным образом подготовленных моделей, которые грубо задают возможные деформации целевой модели.
The COVID-19 Global Pandemic: Socio-Cultural, Economic and Educational Implications from Ghana
Authors: Adom Dickson
Published: July 2020

This study presents the experiences of the Ghanaian people toward the COVID-19 global pandemic. It presents the popular views and attitudes of the people of Ghana on the socio-cultural, economic and educational implications of the COVID-19. The data for the study are based on news reports on television and radio stations as well as print media. Also, data were generated from twenty seven personal interviews via face-to-face, telephone and zoom video interactions. The data were discussed using thematic analysis as well as document analysis in the qualitative research approach. The findings revealed that the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana came as a shock to many Ghanaians who held the popular view that the virus was immune to black genes. Some Ghanaians believe that the infection is a matter of faith and prioritize religious supplications as a protective metric than the strict adherence to the medical preventive protocols for the COVID-19. The intensive public education and the laudable efforts by the Ghana government are gradually erasing these wrong perceptions toward the COVID-19 infection.
FEATURES OF CHANGES OF AKHENATEN'S TITULARY
Authors: Zapletniuk O.
Published: July 2020

The article examines the royal titulary of Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten), the Egyptian Pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty, from the 1st to the 12th years of his reign and its reflection of the religious preference of the young king and his role in the new solar cult of Aten. The author illustrates the transformation of the king's official titles during the all stages of his religious reform and points out to the meaning of the new titulary's epithets of Amenhotep IV and queen Nefertiti. The author analyses the reasons of king's rejection of many popular traditional titles of Egyptian pharaoh. Much attention is given to the interpretation and explanation of the meanings of some king's titles, that demonstrated the political and religious course of Amenhotep IV. The author comes to the conclusion that Amenhotep IV carried out the first steps of his future reform during the first two years of his reign. Despite the fact that at the beginning of the reign the king's titulary continued to include traditional titles, Pharaoh used the epithets: "Unique for Ra", "Living in Truth", which emphasized his exceptional role in the cult of the solar disk. Amenhotep IV also rejected the titles that were related to the expansion of the borders of the Egyptian state. Then Amenhotep IV changed his own name in favor of the god Aten, and it was an official announcement of the king's support of the new solar cult of Aten in opposition to the traditional cult of Amun. The transformation of the pharaoh's title usually reflected political and religious reality at every stage of the development of the Egyptian state. The new Amenhotep IV's titulary was aimed to demonstrate the reduction of the role of the king as a historical player in the favor of the king as a historical god.
HUMANITARIAN ACTIVITY OF THE UKRAINIAN CENTRAL COMMITTEE IN THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT: A HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: Tron-Radomska A.
Published: July 2020

One of the unexplored and ambiguous questions about the history of Ukraine during World War ІІ is the activity of the only legal establishment of Ukrainians under the Nazi occupation regime – Ukrainian Central Committee (UCC). Scientific interest in the place of the designated organization in the context of that time social and cultural processes in Western Ukrainian lands actualizes the importance of comprehending and analyzing the accumulated historical knowledge about it.

The article investigates the completeness of the study and the representation of the problem in historiography, identifying two periods of its scientific development. Attention is focused on the key trends, thematic aspects, specific results of the researches of scientists of UCC activities in the humanitarian sphere at each stage of the historiographic process. The specificity of reflection of the subject in the historical literature is traced: from factual materials of encyclopedic editions and historical-memoir publications to studies of social and political history of Ukraine, monographs, dissertations and scientific articles, educational editions that directly or indirectly cover the cultural, educational, charitable and sports activities of the UCC.

Historiographic analysis convincingly proves a significant progress in the study of the problem at the latest stage through the intensification of source and archeographic studies that improve the heuristic work in the specified direction, contribute to the emergence of specialized publications of modern Ukrainian historians dedicated to finding out the place of the UCC in the revival of the national, cultural and sports life of Ukrainians in the 1940s. The features of coverage of the problem in contemporary foreign historiography, in which the leading place belongs to Polish historical thought, are revealed. Emphasis is placed on its historical and political orientation and prejudgment.

It is revealed that in terms of personal dimension of the research of the work of the UCC, an important role is played by scientific understanding of the activity of his head – Volodymyr Kubiyovych.
THE IMAGE OF THE LAST JUDGMENT IN THE UKRAINIAN LITERARY TRADITION OF THE 12th – 18th CENTURIES AS A KEY TO EXPLANATION OF THE WORLDVIEW OF UKRAINIAN POPULATION OF THE MIDDLE AGES AND EARLY MODERN TIMES
Authors: Hryhorak A.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the systematization and analysis of authentic ancient Ukrainian texts dedicated to the topic of the Last Judgment with the author's purpose to reconstruct the worldview of Ukrainian population of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Times. The source base of the study included eschatological literature as the most popular and numerous during that ages as well as Holy Bible, hagiographic works, prophecies and the graffiti of St. Sophia Cathedral of Kyiv. The dominant idea in the works found was the idea of the Last Judgment. Through the prism of this idea the most urgent moral problems, which were of acute concern to society, are recovered: the problem of the fall of spirituality, social inequality, the decline of morality etc.

The author also verified the foreign influences on Ukrainian eschatological literature as well the influence of preachers and polemicists of that time on public opinion about the signs of the end of the world. Revealing works in the medieval and early-modern Ukrainian literature devoted to the most fateful subjects, analyzing their content for reflection of eschatological ideas, systematizing the main ideas related to responsibility for terrestrial life, comparing these visions with those translated in literature, revealed the presence of the eschatological ideas on the common background of the general cultural and historical context of the studied ages. A study of Ukrainian eschatological literature led the author to the conclusion that the whole range of written eschatological sources gives us a linear development of the idea of the Last Judgment, from the dissemination of eschatological ideas of the 12th century to their concretization, development, popularization with each new period. Summing up the analysis of the works of eschatological literature, distributed on Ukrainian lands in the 17th – 18th centuries, the opposition of secular and religious thinking becomes noticeable, which is quite clearly reflected in the literature.
THE CONCEPT OF DEMOGRAPHIC LOSSES IN THE HOLODOMOR STUDIES
Authors: Kravchenko Ye.
Published: July 2020

The main purpose of the article is to analyze the use of the term «demographic losses» in the study of the destructive events consequences for the population number and structure, in particular, the Holodomor of 1932 – 1933. Research methods: comparative, logical, historical, analysis and synthesis, systematic, historical-genetic, method of historiographical image. The paper studies leading concepts of demographic terminology. It is specially noted on little-known aspects of Ukrainian terminology legacy as like Yuriy Shevelov researches. The problems of modern Ukrainian and world terminology are described. The article reports on methodological toolkit for the creation of terms by domestic and foreign demographics. Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine has been recognized as the leading scientific center for the demographic terms creation. Special demographic terminology, including functioning and purpose of the «demographic losses» concept is considered. The article is concerned with a significant tradition of the population history. The meaning of the «demographic losses» concept for studying past social disasters is investigated. The author outlines the main components of the term: the death rate and birth deficiency. The article reveals this concept and scrutinize it critique in historiography. The semantics of the term in scientific literature and demographic dictionaries is covered. Special attention is given to replace the notion of demographic losses with similar indefinite terms: victims, deaths, deaths, etc. The use of the term in the study of the demographic history of Ukraine during the Holodomor of 1932-1933 is emphasized. Practical significance: recommended for use by authors of articles about the population history.
Grafting of amino groups onto carbon fibers by bromination followed by ammonolysis
Authors: Grishchenko Liudmyla , Bezugla Tetiana , Vakaliuk Anna , Tsapyuk Galyna , Mischanchuk Оleksandr , Boldyrieva Olga , Diyuk Vitaliy
Published: July 2020

Because of the low content of chelating groups onto carbon fibers (CFs), their adsorptive parameters are poor, and this has negative effects on their applications as lightweight sorbents. In this work, we established a modification method to incorporate amine groups into carbon fiber surfaces by bromination followed by ammonolysis to create an interfacial layer which can adsorb heavy metal ions from solutions. The changed chemical composition, surface morphology, and thermal stability were investigated. Thermoprogrammed desorption mass-spectrometry and thermal analysis showed thermal transformation and interplay between forms of the grafted bromine groups of 0.5 mmol/g and the resulting amino groups of 0.44–0.56 mmol/g. After grafting, the surface chemistry parameters were improved due to the covalent bonding and grafting of the amine groups as interface modifier. Scanning electron microscopy observation also confirmed that the surface morphology maintains the same, without impairment of fiber properties. This work is therefore a beneficial approach towards enhancing the adsorption parameters by controlling the interface layer of CFs.
Structure and properties of polymer composite based on natural zeolite
Authors: Melnyk Liubov , Chernyak Lev , Sviderskyy Valentin , Belousov Oleg , Nehreyko Alexander
Published: July 2020

This research paper is dedicated to the possibility of expanding directions and increasing the use of natural zeolite as filler (65 – 85 %) for the manufacture of composite material. The structure of composites with varieties of copolymers (Styrene- butadiene, Styrene-acrylate) and revealed the features of the structure (open porosity 5 - 24 %) and material properties of the zeolite concentration are identified.
Mundos pos-imposibles. Una aproximación a la ciencia ficción rara
Authors: Benito Temprano Claudia Sofía
Published: July 2020

En el presente artículo se propone la lectura de tres obras de ciencia ficción: ¡Tierra!, de Stefano Benni, La guía del autoestopista galáctico, de Douglas Adams, y El hombre en el castillo, de Philip K. Dick. Partiendo de la formulación teórica de los ‘mundos imposibles’, se explicará el efecto desautomatizador de estas ficciones, que llevan al lector a un estado psicológico cercano al de lo ‘raro’ descrito por Fisher. Se expondrá el modo en que los autores insertan en los niveles estructural y semántico del texto elementos extraños e inesperados para provocar la incomprensión externa (del universo ficcional) y suscitar la revisión del propio sistema de conocimiento del lector (su percepción del universo actual). Será necesario un acercamiento al modo que tenemos de entender el quehacer científico, distinguiendo entre concepciones expertas y legas, para poder comprender en mayor profundidad la manera en la que está estructurado nuestro mundo actual.
¿Estamos solos? Divulgación científica y representación literaria de la vida extraterrestre en magazines chilenos (1900-1915)
Authors: Ramírez Errázuriz Verónica
Published: July 2020

A fines de la década de 1870 el astrónomo italiano Giovanni Schiaparelli reportó el descubrimiento de supuestos canales en el planeta Marte. A partir de entonces, se sostuvo una controversia entre aquellos que aprobaban y desaprobaban dicha teoría. Durante los primeros años del siglo XX esta discusión científica se intensificó y permeó sustancialmente las páginas de revistas culturales, especialmente de magazines, puesto que la controversia estaba supeditada a pruebas ópticas, y gracias a la modernización de la industria de la imprenta, este tipo de publicaciones incluía entre otros dispositivos visuales, la fotografía. Nuestro trabajo estudia la cobertura en los magazines chilenos de esta controversia sobre los canales en Marte que se tradujo en la pregunta de si había vida o no en el planeta rojo (los canales eran supuestos ríos artificiales que debían haber sido construidos por algún ser vivo inteligente). La propuesta implica analizar los modos en que se divulgaron y representaron localmente estas teorías astronómicas que circularon a nivel global, a través de la revisión de los principales magazines chilenos de principios del siglo XX, tales como Sucesos, Zig-Zag, Corre-Vuela y Pacífico Magazine.
El instinto de la literatura. Una aproximación a la actividad literaria a partir de la teoría de la evolución
Authors: Ruiz Martínez José Manuel
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo pretende discutir la posibilidad de pensar la literatura a partir de la teoría de la evolución. Haremos, pues, una exposición crítica de esta posibilidad, esto es, que la actividad literaria tiene que ver con facultades innatas, producto de la selección natural y la evolución humanas. Lo haremos a partir de los autores que, de forma directa, la han abordado, principalmente tres: Joseph Carroll, Steven Pinker, y Denis Dutton. Para contextualizar el problema, pondremos todas estas ideas en relación con algunas ideas literarias (de autores literarios y teóricos de la literatura) que han intentado dar cuenta de la cuestión acerca de la naturaleza del hecho poético o literario. Entre otras consecuencias, la propuesta tiene unas implicaciones sobre el debate acerca de las relaciones entre naturaleza y cultura, esto es: qué hay en el ser humano de cultural y por ende de relativo en su conducta, o bien de perteneciente a una naturaleza humana común a todas las culturas, y si un hecho a priori tan obviamente cultural como el literario considerarse a la luz de los las cualidades naturales del ser humano en cuanto especie animal producto de un sofisticado proceso de evolución.