bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alterations in platelet secretion differentially affect thrombosis and hemostasis
Authors: Joshi Smita , Banerjee Meenakshi , Zhang Jinchao , Kesaraju Akhil , Pokrovskaya Irina D. , Storrie Brian , Whiteheart Sidney W.
Published: September 2018

Key Points

VAMP isoforms regulate the kinetics and extent of platelet granule exocytosis. Manipulating platelet sensitive factor attachment protein receptors alters granule secretion, which affects the hemostatic balance.
High-flow nasal oxygen versus noninvasive ventilation in adult patients with cystic fibrosis: a randomized crossover physiological study
Authors: Sklar Michael C. , Dres Martin , Rittayamai Nuttapol , West Brent , Grieco Domenico Luca , Telias Irene , Junhasavasdikul Detajin , Rauseo Michela , Pham Tai , Madotto Fabiana , Campbell Carolyn , Tullis Elizabeth , Brochard Laurent
Published: September 2018

Background

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is the first-line treatment of adult patients with exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (CF). High-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNT) might benefit patients with hypoxemia and can reduce physiological dead space. We hypothesized that HFNT and NIV would similarly reduce work of breathing and improving breathing pattern in CF patients. Our objective was to compare the effects of HFNT versus NIV in terms of work of breathing, assessed noninvasively by the thickening fraction of the diaphragm (TFdi, measured with ultrasound), breathing pattern, transcutaneous CO2 (PtcCO2), hemodynamics, dyspnea and comfort.

Methods

Adult CF patients who had been stabilized after requiring ventilatory support for a few days were enrolled and ventilated with HFNT and NIV for 30 min in crossover random order.

Results

Fifteen patients were enrolled. Compared to baseline, HFNT, but not NIV, reduced respiratory rate (by 3 breaths/min, p = 0.01) and minute ventilation (by 2 L/min, p = 0.01). Patients also took slightly larger tidal volumes with HFNT compared to NIV (p = 0.02). TFdi per breath was similar under the two techniques and did not change from baseline. MAP increased from baseline with NIV and compared to HFNT (p ≤ 0.01). Comfort was poorer with the application of both HFNT and NIV than baseline. No differences were found for heart rate, SpO2, PtcCO2 or dyspnea.

Conclusions

In adult CF patients stabilized after indication for ventilatory support, HFNT and NIV have similar effects on diaphragmatic work per breath, but high-flow therapy confers additional physiological benefits by decreasing respiratory rate and minute ventilation.

Clinical trial registration

Ethics Committee of St. Michael’s Hospital (REB #14-338) and clinicaltrial.gov (NCT02262871).
Student Integration into STEM Careers and Culture: A Longitudinal Examination of Summer Faculty Mentors and Project Ownership
Authors: Hernandez Paul R. , Hopkins Patricia D. , Masters Krysta , Holland Lisa , Mei Betty M. , Richards-Babb Michelle , Quedado Kimberly , Shook Natalie J.
Published: September 2018

It is widely recognized that the United States needs to attract and retain more people in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers. Intensive undergraduate research experiences (UREs) are one of the few strategies shown to improve longitudinal student interest and persistence in STEM-related career pathways; however, less is known about the underlying process linking activities to positive outcomes. The tripartite integration model of social influences (TIMSI) provides a framework for understanding the social influence processes by which students integrate into STEM careers and culture. The current study used a longitudinal design and latent growth curve modeling to examine and predict the development of scientific research career persistence intentions over the course of an intensive summer URE. The latent growth curve analysis showed that student persistence intentions declined and rebounded over the course of the summer. Furthermore, the positive impact of faculty mentor role modeling on growth trajectories was mediated through internalization of science community values. In addition, project ownership was found to buffer students from the typical trend of declining and rebounding persistence intentions. The TIMSI framework illuminates the contextual features and underlying psychological processes that link UREs to student integration into STEM careers and culture.
Assessing the Content of Television Health Insurance Advertising during Three Open Enrollment Periods of the ACA
Authors: Barry Colleen L. , Bandara Sachini , Arnold Kimberly T. , Pintor Jessie K. , Baum Laura M. , Niederdeppe Jeff , Karaca-Mandic Pinar , Fowler Erika Franklin , Gollust Sarah E.
Published: September 2018

Television advertising has been a primary method for marketing new health plans available under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to consumers. Data from Kantar Media's Campaign Media Analysis Group were used to analyze advertising content during three ACA open enrollment periods (fall 2013 to spring 2016). Few advertisement airings featured people who were elderly, disabled, or receiving care in a medical setting, and over time airings increasingly featured children, young adults, and people exercising. The most common informational messages focused on plan choice and availability of low-cost plans, but messages shifted over open enrollment cycles to emphasize avoidance of tax penalties and availability of financial assistance. Over the three open enrollment periods, there was a sharp decline in explicit mentions of the ACA or Obamacare in advertisements. Overall, television advertisements have increasingly targeted young, healthy consumers, and informational appeals have shifted toward a focus on financial factors in persuading individuals to enroll in marketplace plans. These advertising approaches make sense in the context of pressures to market plans to appeal to a sufficiently large, diverse group. Importantly, dramatic declines over time in explicit mention of the law mean that citizens may fail to understand the connection between the actions of government and the benefits they are receiving.
A novel role for Lyl1 in primitive erythropoiesis
Authors: Chiu Sung K. , Saw Jesslyn , Huang Yizhou , Sonderegger Stefan E. , Wong Nicholas C. , Powell David R. , Beck Dominic , Pimanda John E. , Tremblay Cedric S. , Curtis David J.
Published: September 2018

Stem Cell Leukemia (Scl or Tal1) and Lymphoblastic Leukemia 1 (Lyl1) are highly related members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors that are co- expressed in the erythroid lineage. Previous studies suggest that Scl is essential for primitive erythropoiesis. However, analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data of early embryos showed that primitive erythroid cells express both Scl and Lyl1. Therefore, to determine whether Lyl1 can function in primitive erythropoiesis, we crossed conditional Scl knockout mice with mice expressing a Cre recombinase under the control of the Epo receptor, active in erythroid progenitors. Embryos with 20% expression of Scl from E9.5 survived to adulthood. However, mice with reduced expression of Scl and absence of Lyl1 (double knockout; DKO) died at E10.5 due to progressive loss of erythropoiesis. Gene expression profiling of DKO yolk sacs revealed loss of Gata1 and many of the known target genes of the SCL-GATA1 complex. ChIP-seq analyses showed that LYL1 exclusively bound a small subset of SCL targets including GATA1. Together, these data show for the first time that Lyl1 can maintain primitive erythropoiesis.
Targeted DamID reveals differential binding of mammalian pluripotency factors
Authors: Cheetham Seth W. , Gruhn Wolfram H. , van den Ameele Jelle , Krautz Robert , Southall Tony D. , Kobayashi Toshihiro , Surani M. Azim , Brand Andrea H.
Published: September 2018

The precise control of gene expression by transcription factor networks is crucial to organismal development. The predominant approach for mapping transcription factor-chromatin interactions has been chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). However, ChIP requires a large number of homogeneous cells and antisera with high specificity. A second approach, DamID, has the drawback that high levels of Dam methylase are toxic. Here, we modify our targeted DamID approach (TaDa) to enable cell type-specific expression in mammalian systems, generating an inducible system (mammalian TaDa or MaTaDa) to identify genome-wide protein/DNA interactions in 100 to 1000 times fewer cells than ChIP-based approaches. We mapped the binding sites of two key pluripotency factors, OCT4 and PRDM14, in mouse embryonic stem cells, epiblast-like cells and primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs). PGCLCs are an important system for elucidating primordial germ cell development in mice. We monitored PRDM14 binding during the specification of PGCLCs, identifying direct targets of PRDM14 that are key to understanding its crucial role in PGCLC development. We show that MaTaDa is a sensitive and accurate method for assessing cell type-specific transcription factor binding in limited numbers of cells.
Radial spoke head 6 homolog a is required for sperm flagellum formation and male fertility in mice
Authors: Abbasi Ferheen , Miyata Haruhiko , Shimada Keisuke , Morohoshi Akane , Nozawa Kaori , Matsumura Takafumi , Xu Zoulan , Pratiwi Putri , Ikawa Masahito
Published: September 2018

The flagellum is an evolutionarily conserved appendage used for sensing and locomotion. Its backbone is the axoneme and a component of the axoneme is the radial spoke (RS), a protein complex implicated in flagellar motility regulation. Numerous diseases occur if the axoneme is improperly formed, such as primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and infertility. RSPH6A is an ortholog of Chlamydomonas RSP6 in the RS head and is evolutionarily conserved. While some RS head proteins have been linked to PCD, little is known about RSPH6A. Here, we show that mouse RSPH6A is testis-enriched and localized in the flagellum. Rsph6a knockout (KO) male mice are infertile due to short, immotile spermatozoa. Observation of the KO testis indicates that the axoneme can elongate but is disrupted before accessory structures are formed. Manchette removal is also impaired in the KO testis. Further, RSPH9, another radial spoke protein, disappeared in the Rsph6a KO flagella. These data indicate that RSPH6A is essential for sperm flagellar assembly and male fertility in mice.
Study on the Isomerization of Amphiphilic Azobenzene Cored Dendrimer and Its Molecular Environment
Authors: Mamiya Michitaka , Fukushima Shun , Arai Tatsuo
Published: September 2018

3,3′,5,5′-tetramethoxy azobenzene (TMAB) and amphiphilic azobenzene dendrimers (AGn-azo) bearing triethylene glycol were synthesized and their isomerization behavior investigated. The solvation structures and isomerization behavior of AGn-azo were expected to change with solvent and generation.
CT texture analysis of the liver for assessing hepatic fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus
Authors: Lubner Meghan G , Jones Daniel , Kloke John , Said Adnan , Pickhardt Perry J
Published: September 2018

Objective:

To evaluate CT texture analysis (CTTA) for non-invasively staging of hepatic fibrosis (stages F0-F4) in a cohort of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Methods:

Quantitative texture analysis of the liver was performed on abdominal multidimensional CT scans. Single slice region of interest measurements of the total liver, Couinaud segments IV–VIII and segments I–III were made. CT texture parameters were tested against stage of hepatic fibrosis in segments IV–VIII on the portal venous phase. Texture parameters were correlated with biopsy performed within 1 year for all cases with intermediate fibrosis (F0–F3).

Results:

CT scans of 556 adults (360 males, 196 females; mean age, 49.8 years), including a healthy control group (F0, n = 77) and patients with hepatitis C virus and Stage 0 disease (n = 49), and patients with increasing stages of fibrosis (F1, n = 80; F2 n = 99; F3 n = 87; F4 n = 164) were evaluated. Mean gray level intensity increased with increasing fibrosis. For significant fibrosis (≥F2), mean showed receiver operatingcharacteristic area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80 with sensitivity and specificity of 74 and 75% using a threshold of 0.44, with similar receiver operatingcharacteristic AUC and sensitivity/specificity for advanced fibrosis (≥F3). Skewness and kurtosis were inversely associated with hepatic fibrosis, most prominently in cirrhotic patients. A multivariate model combining these four texture features (mean, mpp, skewness and kurtosis) showed slightly improved performance with AUC of 0.82, 0.82 and 0.86 for any fibrosis (F0 vs F1–F4), significant fibrosis (F0–1 vs F2–4) and advanced fibrosis (F0–2 vs F3–4) respectively.

Conclusion:

CT texture features may be associated with hepatic fibrosis and have utility in staging fibrosis, particularly at advanced levels.

Advances in knowledge:

CTTA may be helpful in detecting and staging hepatic fibrosis, particularly at advanced levels. CT measures like CTTA can be retrospectively evaluated without special equipment.
Eight Marketing Components in HR: the Oretical Approach and Company Practices
Authors: Нагибина Н. , Nagibina N. , Боровых К. , Borovyh K. , Белоусова И. , Belousova I.
Published: September 2018

Geopolitical, economic, technological, demographic and value changes as well as digital revolution and “Industry 4.0” have a huge impact on society and people’s behavior, labour market, personnel and labour management in a company. It is vital for a company to fi nd new approaches to search, attract and keep the “appropriate” target audience which is determined by competition for limited (in quantity and quality) human resources. Study and introduction of current management models, including the ones from close fi elds, are necessary to meet the HR-effi ciency challenges. Eight marketing components in HR management are presented based on the traditional approach to marketing used in product/services promotion. They are marketing concept, target audience segmentation, competition analysis, values, positioning, communication channels, HR-brand, and eff ectiveness. The study of this HR marketing approach is ordered by a fast-developing regional company which off ers services and it can be used by companies specialized in various activities. The company practices have proved that the current approach is up-to-date and effi cient. The studied cases represent a number of HR tasks to attract and keep the target audience who carefully choose their place of work and improve company’s HR-eff ectiveness and competitiveness.
Criticism of axiological reason
Authors: Ячин Сергей , YAchin Syergyey
Published: September 2018

The paper raises the question of the boundary of the application of the theory of values in the Sciences of culture and the boundaries of the authenticity of the value consciousness of our contemporaries. This boundary is established by the difference between good and value, quite clear to the thinkers of the ancient and medieval eras, and the need for recognition of which today returns to philosophy, Iatya modern philosophy the question of how there are those or values — becomes a field of critical thinking. No significant philosophical trend gives the values of the OS a new meaning, but considers them derivatives, based on various grounds, in the interpretation of the essence of culture, the author takes a hermeneutic position, according to which, the Foundation of culture is a constitutional language understanding of the meanings, with respect to which values — only their external proyaatenie.
Waste management
Authors: Бобович Борис , Bobovich Boris
Published: September 2018

The training manual provides an analysis of waste management mechanisms in foreign countries. The normative legal base of the Russian Federation in the field of waste management is considered. The third edition of the amendments to the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation in the field of waste management as of January 1, 2018, the procedure for registration of the passport of hazardous waste. The composition of the Federal classification catalog of waste is given. The procedure of assessment of the impact of the production enterprise on the environment is considered. The recommendations for the preparation of documents for approval by the Supervisory authorities of the draft standards of waste and limits on their placement. The standards of payment for waste disposal, approved for 2017, 2018, as well as lowering and increasing the coefficients to the payment rates, designed to stimulate enterprises to use the best available technologies for waste management and reduce the volume of their placement, which are gradually introduced from January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2020.
The procedure of Federal statistical accounting of waste and objects having a negative impact on the environment is considered. The fundamentals of existing waste management mechanisms through environmental control, licensing, environmental assessment, environmental audit and environmental insurance are considered. Measures of responsibility for non-compliance with the legislation on waste management are considered.
Methodical materials for the educational process are given: tests for intermediate control of knowledge and recommendations on the topics of abstracts and reports of students on the discipline "waste Management".
The textbook meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the field of "Technosphere safety", as well as for a wide range of engineering and technical workers of various industries.
Commodity Price Forecasts, Futures Prices, and Pricing Models
Authors: Cortazar Gonzalo , Millard Cristobal , Ortega Hector , Schwartz Eduardo S.
Published: September 2018

Even though commodity-pricing models have been successful in fitting the term structure of futures prices and its dynamics, they do not generate accurate true distributions of spot prices. This paper develops a new approach to calibrate these models using not only observations of oil futures prices, but also analysts’ forecasts of oil spot prices. We conclude that to obtain reasonable expected spot curves, analysts’ forecasts should be used, either alone or jointly with futures data. The use of both futures and forecasts, instead of using only forecasts, generates expected spot curves that do not differ considerably in the short/medium term, but long term estimations are significantly different. The inclusion of analysts’ forecasts in addition to futures, instead of only futures prices, does not alter significantly the short/medium part of the futures curve but does have a significant effect on long-term futures estimations.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
UM ESTUDO SOBRE OS GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS NO APOSTILADO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA DA REDE PÚBLICA PAULISTA
Authors: Barbosa Paulo Roberto
Published: September 2018

Este estudo trata da análise das questões referentes ao ensino dos gêneros textuais presentes no Caderno do Aluno de Língua Portuguesa do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, apostilado distribuído na rede pública de ensino do estado de São Paulo. O objetivo que norteia esta pesquisa é levantar os gêneros textuais que estão presentes no Caderno do Aluno de Língua Portuguesa, uma vez que, as resoluções dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (BRASIL, 1998) – no que concerne às sugestões para o ensino da Língua Portuguesa, a partir das quais foi elaborado o Currículo do Estado de São Paulo (SÃO PAULO, 2012), sugerem que, no 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, sejam estudados com maior ênfase os textos argumentativos e expositivos. Para isso, adotou-se como aporte teórico os estudos de Bakhtin (2011 [1979]), Marcuschi (2008; 2007), Dolz e Schneuwly (2004), entre outros.
3D printing body parts: rewriting the future of surgery
Authors: Jessop Zita M , Whitaker Iain S
Published: September 2018

3D bioprinting is one of the most exciting technological revolutions healthcare has ever seen. The original aim of producing solid 3D polymer models have been superseded and biological printing is the next step.
Shaping reality
Authors: Logishetty Kartik , Auvinet Edouard , Cobb Justin P.
Published: September 2018

How researchers at Imperial College are using virtual and augmented reality to help surgeons train and operate.
Highly sensitive and specific noninvasive in-vivo alcohol detection using wavelength-modulated differential photothermal radiometry
Authors: Guo Xinxin , Shojaei-Asanjan Khashayar , Zhang Di , Sivagurunathan Koneswaran , Sun Qiming , Song Peng , Mandelis Andreas , Chen Bo , Goledzinowski Matt , Zhou Qun , Comeau Felix
Published: September 2018

This paper reports the application of wavelength modulated differential photothermal radiometry (WM-DPTR) to blood alcohol (ethanol) concentration (BAC) measurements in the mid-infrared range to prevent impaired driving. In-vivo alcohol consumption measurements performed in the BAC range of interest (0-80 mg/dl) with an optimal wavelength pair demonstrated the alcohol detection capability of WM-DPTR with high resolution (~5 mg/dl) and a low detection limit (~10 mg/dl). Oral glucose tolerance tests using both glucose and alcohol sensitive wavelength pairs in the normal-to-hyperglycemia range (~80–320 mg/dl) proved the blood glucose screening ability and ethanol detection specificity of WM-DPTR. The immunity of WM-DPTR to temperature and glucose variation makes the differential signals alcohol sensitive and specific, yielding precise and accurate noninvasive alcohol measurements in the interstitial fluid.
Chinese international students in New Zealand: Views of citizenship and democracy
Authors: Zhang Xiudi
Published: September 2018

Using a case study approach utilizing individual interviews and focus groups, this study examines how Chinese students studying in New Zealand view their citizenship. The focus was on students’ everyday understandings of citizenship after they had some experience of living outside of China in a different citizenship regime. What does citizenship mean to them, given that they are studying in the social context of a democracy in comparison with communist China? Does the transition from life in a communist country to life in a democratic country affect their sense of citizenship? The results showed Chinese international students raised questions about their past citizenship experiences in communist China and how they were influenced by their personal politico-cultural experiences of individualism in New Zealand. As a result, students struggled to understand the meanings of ‘citizen’ and ‘democracy’ and the challenges to their thinking of New Zealand’s democratic context. The advantages of democracy so well understood in the West may not be self-evident to students raised in a system with different values. In general, they formulated different understandings of themselves as citizens in China. The discomforting process of reassessment of citizenship is not always appreciated by Western academics who study Chinese citizenship using Western criteria.
Tapestries of resilience: An arts-based approach to enhancing the resilience of World Vision’s humanitarian staff
Authors: Ma Lama Majaj , Penner Crystal M.
Published: September 2018

Responding to the impact, community and individuals during a crisis is demanding for humanitarian workers. The need for resilience is crucial for the delivery of effective humanitarian aid and staff long-term emotional endurance. This article describes an arts-based approach aimed at enhancing the resilience of 53 World Vision (WV) staff in Asia at a weeklong Regional Disaster Management Team (RDMT) workshop. The purpose was to introduce responders to embodied artful experiences to develop coping skills and enhance their personal resilience to the impact of the response before, during and after deployment. The arts-based experiential sessions were embraced by the participants, with many acknowledging that they will engage in the arts as a reflexive practice during deployment.
Arts-based disaster relief: Theory and practice
Authors: Schwartz Samuel
Published: September 2018

Disasters and disaster relief have been the subject of academic study for more than half a century. Psychological assistance is an important part of the process. Researchers have identified a number of recurring problems that emerge during interventions. Arts-based disaster relief offers important and unique advantages and provides answers to some of these problems. The article presents and analyses four examples of arts-based disaster relief programmes, identifying how they succeed in overcoming some frequently encountered difficulties. It concludes by noting enduring problems that arts-based disaster relief needs to resolve in the future.
Influence of TiO2 as Filler on the Discharge Characteristics of a Proton Battery
Authors: Ambika C. , Hirankumar G. , Thanikaikarasan S. , Lee K. K. , Valenzuela E. , Sebastian P .J.
Published: September 2018

Different concentrations of TiO2 dispersed nano-composite proton conducting polymer electrolyte membranes were prepared using solution casting technique. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic analysis was carried out to determine the vibrational investigations about the prepared membranes. Variation of conductivity due to the incorporation of TiO2 in polymer blend electrolyte was analyzed using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and the value of maximum conductivity is 2.8×10-5 Scm-1 for 1mol% of TiO2 dispersed in polymer electrolytes. Wagner polarization technique has been used to determine the value of charge transport number of the composite polymer electrolytes. The electrochemical stability window of the nano-composite polymer electrolyte was analyzed using Linear Sweep Voltammetry. Fabrication of Proton battery is carried out with configuration of Zn+ZnSO4.7H2O+AC ǁ Polymer electrolyte ǁ MnO2+AC. Discharge characteristics were investigated for polymer blend electrolytes and 1mol% TiO2 dispersed nano-composite polymer electrolytes at constant current drain of 10μA. There is evidence of enhanced performance for proton battery which was constructed using 1mol% TiO2 dispersed nano-composite polymer electrolytes compared to the blend polymer electrolytes.
Accelerated Hydrolysis of Solid-state NaBH4/Al System by Co2B Milled with Li for Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Chang Jiasong , Song Wenlong , Li Ting , Chen Jindan , Wu Hanmei , Li Chengming , Fan Meiqiang
Published: September 2018

Co2B catalyst was milled with Al and Li to form Al-Li-Co2B composite, and the hydrogen generation performance of Al-Li-Co2B/NaBH4 system was investigated in this study. 100% hydrogen yield was reached, and high hydrogen generation rate was regulated by optimizing the composition design and preparation technology. The improvement was attributed to the synergetic effect of Co2B and Li in the preparation process, whereas a large specific surface area was obtained with the increase in Li content, Co2B, and milling time. In addition, the catalytic activity of Co2B and LiOH from Li hydrolysis was heightened for the hydrolysis of the Al/NaBH4 system because of the addition of Al(OH)3, LiAl2(OH)7.xH2O, and NaBO2 in the hydrolysis process.
Effect of Co-substitution on the electrocatalytic properties of Ni1.5Fe1.5O4 for oxygen evolution in alkaline solutions
Authors: Singh N. K. , Yadav Ritu , Yadav M. K. , Fernandez Carlos
Published: September 2018

Some ternary ferrites having composition CoxNi1.5-xFe1.5O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.25) have been synthesized by NH4OH co-precipitation method at 11.5 pH. Materials, so obtained, were tested for their electrocatalytic properties towards oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the form film on Ni-support in alkaline solution. The study showed that the electrocatalytic properties the material increased with partial substitution of Co for Ni in the base oxide (Ni1.5Fe1.5O4). The value being highest with 0.5 mol Co-substitution. At E = 850 mV vs Hg/HgO in 1M KOH at 25 ºC, the electrode showed apparent current density 206.2 mA cm-2, which is about 3 times higher than the base oxide. The Tafel slope values were ranged between 46-82 mV decade-1. A pair of redox peak, an anodic (EPa = 522±28 mV) and corresponding cathodic (EPc= 356±9 mV), was observed in the cyclic voltammetry (CV) study of the material. The thermodynamic parameters namely, standard apparent electrochemical enthalpy of activation ( ), standard enthalpy of activation ( ) and standard entropy of activation ( ) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have also been determined by recording anodic polarization curve in 1M KOH. The value of was observed to be almost similar with each oxide electrode. The values were highly negative and ranged between ~ -165 and ~ -207 J deg-1 mol-1. Phase and morphology of materials have been investigated by using physical techniques X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively.
STUDY OF POTENTIAL MELAYU VILLAGE AS A HERITAGE AREA IN SEMARANG
Authors: Anggita Nuzulia , Yuliastuti Nany
Published: September 2018

The urban village is a settlement that was established in the early period of the formation city and is the embryo of Semarang. Melayu Village is a heritage area where the existing heritage assets is inseparable from the history of the past. The enviromental of Melayu Village is quality conditions suffered environmental degradation because the threat of catastrophic tidal flood, the level of residential density is high, and there are several old buildings that were damaged. Assets contained in this region shows the evolution of human life and settlements from time to time that are still functioning properly. The purpose of this study to assess the potential in Melayu Village as a heritage area. This study uses descriptive quantitative and spatial analysis. The results of this study indicate that RW IV and RW VII are potentially as a heritage district with a score of 2.4 that characterized by a socio-cultural conditions that their religious activities in the form of cultural activities. This is also supported by the discovery of artifacts buildings in RW VII that Layur Tower Mosque and Shrine Kam Hok Bio who survived and functioned until today. Based on the potential of Melayu Village already should be protected as a heritage area.
The Diagnostic Role of Urinary N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) Activity in the Detection of Renal Tubular Impairment
Authors: Skálová Sylva
Published: September 2018

The kidney function can be assessed by a number of methods. The urinary excretion of enzymes, in particular N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), is considered a relatively simple, cheap, fast and non-invasive method in the detection and follow-up of renal tubular function under various conditions. The determination of urinary NAG provides a very sensitive and reliable indicator of renal damage, such as injury or dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus, nephrotic syndrome, inflammation, vesicoureteral reflux, urinary tract infection, hypercalciuria, urolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, perinatal asphyxia, hypoxia, hypertension, heavy metals poisoning, treatment with aminoglycosides, valproate, or other nephrotoxic drugs. This paper gives an overview of the current use of urinary NAG in the detection of renal injury.
Host-response biomarkers for the diagnosis of bacterial respiratory tract infections
Authors: Saleh Mohammed A.A. , van de Garde Ewoudt M.W. , van Hasselt J.G. Coen
Published: September 2018

Appropriate antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) necessitates rapid and accurate diagnosis of microbial etiology, which remains challenging despite recent innovations. Several host response-based biomarkers due to infection have been suggested to allow discrimination of bacterial and non-bacterial microbial RTI etiology. This review provides an overview of clinical studies that investigated the diagnostic performance of host-response proteomic biomarkers to identify RTI microbial etiology. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein have been studied most extensively; whereof procalcitonin has demonstrated the strongest diagnostic performance compared to other biomarkers. Proadrenomedullin, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, neopterin and pentraxin-3 need more studies to confirm their diagnostic value. For syndecan-4 and lipocalin-2 currently insufficient evidence exists. Common limitations in several of the studies were the relatively small scale setting, heterogeneous patient population and the absence of statistical power calculation.
Utilization of indocynanine green fluorescent imaging (ICG-FI) for the assessment of microperfusion in vascular medicine
Authors: Duprée Anna , Rieß Henrik , Detter Christian , Debus Eike S. , Wipper Sabine H.
Published: September 2018

Intraoperative valuation of organ and tissue microperfusion is always a current topic in different surgical situations. Although indocyanine green fluorescent imaging (ICG-FI) has turned to be a more and more common technique to evaluate organ perfusion, only few studies tried to quantitatively validate the technique for microperfusion assessment. The aim of the following manuscript is to present the results of our interdisciplinary research confirming additional quantitative assessment tools in different surgical conditions. Thus, we are implementing the background-subtracted peak fluorescent intensity (BSFI), the slope of fluorescence intensity (SFI), and the time to slope (TTS) using ICG-FI in several regions of interest (ROI).
Crystal structure of [tris(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)amine-κ4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′]-[(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato-κ2
O,N)]cadmium(II)–methanol (1:3) C34H36CdN8O7
Authors: Jing Chen , Lingcong Zhang , Jingwen Chen , Haodong Zhang
Published: September 2018

C34H36CdN8O7, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 14.863(3) Å, b = 13.184(3) Å, c = 17.202(3) Å, β = 91.33(3)°, V = 3369.8(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0311, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0825, T = 113(2) K.
The Law and the Line: The Literary Mirroring of a Paradigm
Authors: dalla Massara Tommaso
Published: September 2018

The essay deals with the topic of “border” in the light of the conceptual and etymological link between ideas of Law and Line. Starting from the mythological origins of Rome, passing through Kafka and Shakespeare, Defoe and Dostoyevsky, both the multiform and ancestral need of drawing juridical lines and the consequences of their overcoming are highlighted. The line, seen as both a territorial and a metaphorical border, as a boundary between “what is mine” from “what is yours,” as a separation between what is allowed and what is not, is described as a well-marked sign, reminding Kandinsky’s paintings, but also as a concept sometimes indeterminate, especially when we consider certain “foggy issues” of the contemporary times, such as the proprietary relationship between a person and its body.
Teilhabe- und Inklusionsforschung als wichtige Ansätze zur Förderung von Gesundheit und Teilhabe in der Arbeitswelt
Authors: Groth Susanne , Niehaus Mathilde
Published: September 2018

Inklusions- und Teilhabeforschung haben eine immer größere Bedeutung innerhalb und neben der Rehabilitations-, Versorgungs- und Public-Health-Forschung gewonnen. Da Inklusions- und Teilhabeforschung das emanzipatorische Ziel der Inklusion verfolgen und partizipativ ausgerichtete Forschungsmethoden nutzen, gewinnen sie für die Forschung zur Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben an Relevanz.
Public Health als akademische Ausbildung – wo stehen wir 2018?
Authors: Pundt Johanne , Dierks Marie-Luise
Published: September 2018

Akademische Qualifizierungen in Public Health finden in Deutschland in verschiedenen Einrichtungen statt, in unterschiedlicher Intensität und auch mit z. T. unterschiedlichen Bezeichnungen. Dieser Beitrag skizziert einen Überblick über die historischen Entwicklungen der aktuellen Studiengangsangebote und beschreibt relevante Erfolge und Herausforderungen für eine Weiterentwicklung der Studiengänge.
Effects of Aggregate Packing on Concrete Strength and Consistency
Authors: Antunes Rodrigo , Tia Mang
Published: September 2018

Designing concrete based on aggregate packing and optimized gradations can result in 25 % less cement content to reach a targeted compressive strength and less water-reducing admixture to obtain a required consistency. In this research, two studies were conducted: (1) an experimental analysis to determine the effects of aggregate packing on concrete strength and consistency; and (2) an investigation of the relationship between the traditional dry-rodded and the vibrated aggregate packing. Excellent correlation was found between 240 packing results, which can be applied to the modified mixture design method presented. Also, 40 slump and 120 compressive strength standard tests were performed to evaluate the effects of reducing cement content by 7.5, 15, 20, and 25 % to slump and compressive strength of concrete mixtures. The compressive strength of the optimized mixture demonstrated less susceptibility to variations due to cement content reductions when compared to nonoptimized mixtures. The Modified Coarse Factor Chart can be used to design an optimized concrete mixture efficiently in conjunction with aggregate gradation and packing, cement content, and concrete consistency.
Detection and Characterization of Hidden Corrosion in Aircraft Lap Joints by Optical NDT Method
Authors: Safizadeh M. S. , RasouliNasab M. R.
Published: September 2018

Hidden corrosion in lap splice faying surfaces can directly affect the airworthiness of an aircraft. The corrosion thinning not only reduces the residual strength of aircraft components but also adds stresses from corrosion growth in confined spaces (e.g., corrosion pillowing). This article presents an optical nondestructive inspection technique for the detection and quantification of hidden corrosion in multilayer structures. Based on the bright field illumination technique with a laser light, a calibration procedure is developed to correlate the amplitude of the pillowing deformation of lap joints to the intensity changes of laser light. Using a finite element model of the lap joint, it is possible to relate pillowing deformation to the amount of material loss. Applying the proposed method to an aircraft lap joint shows very promising results.
A Comparative Study on Dynamic Modulus of Asphalt Concrete with Different Loading Mode
Authors: Huang You , Liu Zhaohui , Wang Xudong , Li Sheng , Liu Jingyu
Published: September 2018

Loading mode is an important but under-estimated factor for the dynamic modulus test of asphalt concrete. This article presents a comparative laboratory study of using uniaxial-compression, two-point bending and three-point bending to test dynamic modulus of 12.5 mm asphalt concrete (AC) with two asphalt materials. Dynamic moduli |E*| and phase angle φ between different tests were compared and analyzed in multiple ways. Results show that good correlations exist between |E*| and φ of different loading modes, but the values of |E*| and φ, as well as their temperature sensitivities are different. When subjected to bending, AC demonstrates a smaller |E*|, a larger φ, and is more thermal sensitive. The Black Space diagram also shows that the linear viscoelastic property and the pure elastic modulus of AC under different loading modes are different. It is indicated from master curve analysis that the loading mode has a significant influence on |E*| and φ, and the main reason is that the stress state varies with the loading mode. The influence of the loading mode becomes more significant as the temperature increases. The small size specimen of three-point bending brings in larger variation, and the inferior aggregate structure causes a smaller |E*|. However, with at least four replicates, the small size specimen in this study can still represent the overall characteristics of material. Statistical analysis shows that dynamic modulus from the three loading modes are significantly different, indicating that when choosing a test method for the dynamic modulus test, the influence of the loading mode should be taken into consideration.
Reliability of C-H-O Symbiosis Networks under Source Streams Uncertainty
Authors: Mukherjee Rajib , El-Halwagi Mahmoud M.
Published: September 2018

An ecoindustrial park (EIP) is a state-of-the-art concept in which a group of industries located in proximity share their products, byproducts, and waste in a symbiotic manner to conserve natural resources and enhance sustainability. To design a hydrocarbon-processing EIP, a carbon-hydrogen-oxygen symbiosis network (CHOSyN) that involves the use of multiscale atomic-based targeting, tracking, combination, separation, and allocation can be used. A major challenge in the multicompany implementation of an EIP is the uncertainty associated with the exchanged streams. The flow rate and characteristics of the streams are subject to fluctuations because of the variability in the performance of the participating plants. Concerns for reliable quantity and quality of streams exchanged among the different plants can largely impact the decision of a company to be integrated in an EIP. This article addresses the challenge of the fluctuating performances of participating plants by addressing the uncertainty of the exchanged streams in a CHOSyN. A stochastic approach is used for stream characterization and reliability assessment of an EIP. Performance functions are generated using response surface methodology. Next, a reliability analysis is performed with limit state function, or gradient-based methods, like the first-order reliability method, is used for analysis under relevant constraints. With the performance indexes, the variables are iteratively adjusted to achieve design and performance targets that meet sustainability criteria (e.g., economic, environmental). To illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach, a five-plant CHOSyN case study is solved.
Reduced Microglial Activity and Enhanced Glutamate Transmission in the Basolateral Amygdala in Early CNS Autoimmunity
Authors: Acharjee Shaona , Verbeek Megan , Gomez Carlos D. , Bisht Kanchan , Lee Benjamin , Benoit Lucas , Sharkey Keith A. , Benediktsson Adrienne , Tremblay Marie-Eve , Pittman Quentin J.
Published: September 2018

Emotional dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and in mouse models of MS, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE); however, the etiology of these behaviors is poorly understood. To identify CNS changes associated with these behaviors, we focused on the basolateral amygdala (BLA) because of its central role in the regulation of emotional behavior. Whole-cell recordings were performed in the principal neurons of the BLA in early EAE, before demyelination, T-cell invasion, and motor dysfunction. EAE female mice displayed increased frequency of mEPSCs, with no alteration in amplitude or evoked EPSC paired-pulse ratio compared with controls. We found an increase in the AMPA-NMDA ratio and dendritic spine density, indicating increased numbers of glutamatergic synapses. We saw similar electrophysiological changes in BLA principal neurons after microglia were either inactivated (minocycline) or depleted (Mac1-Saporin) in the BLA. Microglia regulate synapses through pruning, directed by complement protein 3 (C3) expression. C3 was downregulated in the BLA in EAE. Ultrastructural analysis of microglia revealed more complex ramifications and reduced extracellular digestion of cellular elements. We also observed reduced IBA-1 and CD68 staining and lack of proinflammatory cytokine expression in the amygdala. Thus, early EAE is a state of microglial “deactivation” associated with reduced synaptic pruning. This contrasts with the prototypic microglial activation commonly associated with inflammatory CNS disease. Additionally, these data support a role for the acquired immune system to influence both neuronal and microglial function in early CNS autoimmunity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicroglia help regulate synaptic homeostasis, but there has been little evidence for how this might be important in neuroinflammatory diseases. The data from this study reveal increased synaptic activity and spine density in early stages of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (an animal model of multiple sclerosis) in the basolateral amygdala, a nucleus important in the types of behavioral changes we have previously described. These electrophysiological and morphological effects occurred without significant elevation of local inflammatory cytokines or local demyelination. Unexpectedly, in the context of inflammatory state, we found that microglia were “deactivated.” This study provides strong evidence for a link between microglial activity and synaptic function; the conclusions contrast with the generally accepted view that microglia are activated in inflammatory disease.
Implementasi Kebijakan Permenkes Nomor 67 Tahun 2016 tentang Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis
Authors: Faradis Naili Akrima , Indarjo Sofwan
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAK

TB merupakan penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat dan salah satu penyebab kematian, sehingga perlu dilaksanakan program penanggulangan TB secara berkesinambungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis implementasi kebijakan tentang penanggulangan TB di Kota Tegal. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan informan secara purposive sampling. Informan utama yaitu pengelola program TB di fasyankes dan petugas analis di fasyankes. Uji validitas dengan triangulasi sumber kepada pengelola program TB Dinkes Kota Tegal, kepala fasyankes dan paseien tuberkulosis.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan implementasi kebijakan ini belum berjalan secara maksimal. Dari empat variabel yang berpengaruh dalam pelaksanaan implementasi kebijakan yaitu kemampuan implementor kebijakan; sumber daya; hubungan organisai; dan kondisi lingkungan, masih terdapat dua variabel yang belum berjalan secara maksimal sehingga menghambat pelaksanaan implementasi ini. Dua hal tersebut adalah sumber daya kebijkan yang belum sepenuhnya terpenuhi, dan kurangnya dukungan masyarakat dalam penanggulangan TB. Saran yang diberikan yaitu melanjutkan pelaksanaan program penanggulangan tuberkulosis di puskesmas Kota Tegal yang telah terlaksana agar program tersebut dapat terus berjalan secara maksimal.

Kata Kunci: Implementasi, kebijakan, Penanggulangan, Tuberkulosis

 

ABSTRACT

TB is a contagious disease that is still a public health problem and one of the causes of death, so that the need for continuous TB prevention program. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of policy on TB prevention in Tegal City. This research type is qualitative research with technique of taking informant by purposive sampling. The main informants are TB program managers in fasyankes and analyst officers in fasyankes. Validity test with triangulation of source to TB program manager of Tegal City Health Office, head of fasyankes and paseien tuberculosis. The result of the research shows that the implementation of this policy implementation has not run maximally yet. Of the four influential variables in the implementation of policy implementation: the ability of policy implementers; resource; organizational relationships; and environmental conditions, there are still two variables that have not run optimally thereby hampering implementation of this implementation. Two of these are unfulfilled policy resources, and lack of community support for TB control. Suggestion given is continuing the implementation of tuberculosis prevention program at puskesmas of Tegal City which has been done so that the program can keep running maximally.

 Keyword: Implementation, Policy, Countermeasures, Tuberculosis