bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quark star matter at finite temperature in a quasiparticle model
Authors: Chu Peng-Cheng , Jiang Yao-Yao , Liu He , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Xiao-Min , Li Xiao-Hua
Published: July 2021

We study the thermodynamic properties of asymmetric quark matter, large mass quark stars (QSs), and proto-quark stars (PQSs) within the quasiparticle model. Considering the effects of temperature within quasiparticle model can significantly influence the EOS and the entropy of strange quark matter (SQM), quark fractions in SQM, as well as the tidal deformability and the maximum mass of PQSs along the star evolution line. Our results indicate that the recent discovered heavy compact stars PSR J0348+0432, MSR J0740+6620, PSR J2215+5135, and especially the GW190814’s secondary component $$m_2$$

m
2

can be well described as QSs within the quasiparticle model. The tidal deformability for the QSs describing the heavy compact stars is extremely large, which can not well describe GW170817 as QSs, and the effects of the temperature in the heating process along the star evolution will further increase the tidal deformability and the maximum mass of PQSs.
Self-rotation of emitting galaxies without dark matter
Authors: Bulyzhenkov Igor É
Published: July 2021

Temporal derivatives of the attracting mass in Newton’s law of distant interactions can balance the centripetal and centrifugal accelerations for the rotating periphery of a spiral galaxy. Thermal losses of the mass-energy integral inside the circle of rotation are the cause of the mega-vortex organization of the emitting galaxy. To reject dark matter in cosmic distributions, a conceptual modification of the Euler/Navier–Stokes hydrodynamics is required using adaptive tensor responses with metric waves but not gravimagnetic corrections from General Relativity.
Implementing an X-ray tomography method for fusion devices
Authors: Jardin A. , Bielecki J. , Mazon D. , Peysson Y. , Król K. , Dworak D. , Scholz M.
Published: July 2021

In fusion devices, the X-ray plasma emissivity contains essential information on the magnetohydrodynamic activity, the magnetic equilibrium and on the transport of impurities, in particular for tokamaks in the soft X-ray (SXR) energy range of 0.1–20 keV. In this context, tomography diagnostics are a key method to estimate the local plasma emissivity from a given set of line-integrated measurements. Unfortunately, the reconstruction problem is mathematically ill-posed, due to very sparse and noisy measurements, requiring an adequate regularization procedure. The goal of this paper is to introduce, with a didactic approach, some methodology and tools to develop an X-ray tomography algorithm. Based on a simple 1D tomography problem, the Tikhonov regularization is described in detail with a study of the optimal reconstruction parameters, such as the choice of the emissivity spatial resolution and the regularization parameter. A methodology is proposed to perform an in situ sensitivity and position cross-calibration of the detectors with an iterative procedure, by using the information redundancy and data variability in a given set of reconstructed profiles. Finally, the basic steps to build a synthetic tomography diagnostics in a more realistic tokamak environment are introduced, together with some tools to assess the capabilities of the 2D tomography algorithm.
VAUGHAN JACKSON SYNDROME DUE TO DISTAL RADIOULNAR JOINT OSTEOARTHRITIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Dawood Alaa A. , Mahmood Hayder M.
Published: July 2021

Spontaneous extensor tendons rupture (Vaughan Jackson syndrome) is a common complication of rheumatoid arthritis, but it is also reported sporadically with non-rheumatoid osteoarthritis of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). We described a case of 45 years old female who lost her ability to extend the little, ring and middle fingers sequentially after months of wrist pain and limitation of movement due to osteoarthritis of DRUJ. The condition was treated surgically by tendon transfer and ulnar head excision. The patient did well after surgery.
A Feynman–Kac formula for magnetic monopoles
Authors: Dimock J.
Published: July 2021

We consider the quantum mechanics of a charged particle in the presence of Dirac’s magnetic monopole. Wave functions are sections of a complex line bundle and the magnetic potential is a connection on the bundle. We use a continuum eigenfunction expansion to find an invariant domain of essential self-adjointness for the Hamiltonian. This leads to a proof of the Feynman–Kac formula expressing solutions of the imaginary time Schrödinger equation as stochastic integrals.
The effects and mechanisms of pomegranate in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Xu Jie , Cao Ke , Zhao Lin , Feng Zhihui , Dong Zhizhong , Li Jianke , Liu Jiankang
Published: July 2021

Metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, is becoming epidemic both in developing and developed countries in recent years. Vegetable and fruit consumptions have been associated with the prevention of metabolic syndrome. Pomegranate is a widely consumed fruit in Middle East and Asia. Currently, accumulating data showed that pomegranate exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activities in experimental and clinical studies. The beneficial effects of pomegranate may come from its rich polyphenols and be mediated by increasing the activity of AMPK, upregulating GLUT4, activating PPAR[Formula: see text]- ABCA1/CYP7A1 pathways and improving mitochondrial function. This review provides a systematical presentation of findings on the beneficial effects as well as the possible mechanisms of pomegranate and its major components on prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome.
A study on the preparation and quality standard of Saifula granules
Authors: Aisha Maimaiti , Wahafu Atikanmu , Kuerban Yilifanjiang , Aierken Akenmujiang , Saimaiti Refuhati , Kadi Maimaitiaili , Talifu Ainiwaer
Published: July 2021

Objective: To establish the decocting and formulation technology of Saifula granules, and establish a reliable TLC identification quality control standard.

Methods: Orthogonal test was used to optimize the water extraction process and TLC was used for qualitative identification.

Results: To optimize the process parameters of SFL granules, first, the content of total flavonoids and the total extraction rate were taken as the indexes. Through single factor and orthogonal test, the optimal extraction process was determined as follows: extraction time 1 h, solvent multiple 1:10, extract three times. After the process parameters were determined, in order to further explain the chemical composition of SFL extract, 15 compounds in SFL extract were identified by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, 13 batches of SFL extracts were prepared, and their fingerprints were analyzed. The results showed that there were 28 common characteristic peaks in the 13 batches of SFL extracts. The similarity evaluation results of fingerprints showed that the similarities of 13 batches of SFL extracts were greater than 0.9. An HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination of gallic acid, corilagin, and ellagic acid was established. The method has good repeatability, stability, and accurate results.

Conclusion: The standard can comprehensively reflect the material basis of SFL granules, and the above methods are accurate, easy to operate, stable and feasible, and provide scientific basis and basis for the development, promotion, and clinical application of SFL granules.
Variation in Parliamentary Power: Measurement and Explanation
Authors: Liang Haisen
Published: July 2021

Democratization is a century-long hot issue in comparative politics. Parliament functions as the central system of democracy. Studies on comparative parliament can shed light on the politics of democratization. The core issue in comparative parliament is that how to explain variation in parliamentary power. This study reviews the burgeoning literature on parliamentary power and focuses on the measurement and explanation of variation in parliamentary power. A small but growing amount of studies provide three theoretical perspectives, namely political institution, the incentive structure of parliament members, and political party. All those propositions emphasize the significance of the political party. As for the relationship between the political party and committees in parliament, there are two conflicting versions: substitution thesis and agent thesis. Based on these reviews, this paper puts forward the issues of future research in comparative parliament.
Cardiac baroreflex dysfunction in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension at rest and during orthostatic stress: role of the peripheral chemoreflex
Authors: Paula-Ribeiro Marcelle , Ribeiro Indyanara C. , Aranda Liliane C. , Silva Talita M. , Costa Camila M. , Ramos Roberta P. , Ota-Arakaki Jaquelina , Cravo Sergio L. , Nery Luiz E. , Stickland Michael K. , Silva Bruno M.
Published: July 2021

Does the peripheral chemoreflex play a role in cardiac baroreflex dysfunction in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)? Here we provide new evidence of cardiac baroreflex dysfunction under spontaneous and, most notably, provoked blood pressure fluctuations in patients with nonhypoxemic PAH. Importantly, impaired cardiac baroreflex effectiveness during provoked blood pressure fluctuations was independently associated with poorer functional capacity. Finally, our results indicated that the peripheral chemoreflex did not mediate cardiac baroreflex dysfunction among those patients.
Logistic Regression Analysis of Relationship between Changes of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Communicating Hydrocephalus after Decompressive Craniectomy in Craniocerebral Injury under Computed Tomography Images
Authors: Sun Long , Wang Haitao , Huang Jian
Published: July 2021

This paper aimed to explore the application value of CT imaging in the correlation analysis of communicating hydrocephalus (CH) after decompressive craniectomy (DC) of craniocerebral injury (CI). 410 patients with craniocerebral trauma who were admitted to the hospital from October 2015 to October 2019 were taken as subjects, among which 130 patients suffered from CH. All patients underwent craniocerebral CT examination, and logistic regression was applied to analyze the risk factors of hydrocephalus in CI and hydrocephalus after DC surgery. The results showed that the coma time (OR = 5.1283,

P
=
0.001

), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (OR = 7.6543,

P
=
0.020

), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score no more than 8 points (OR = 3.5480,

P
=
0.001

), intraventricular hemorrhage (OR = 2.2653,

P
=
0.003

), cerebral contusion and laceration (OR = 1.036,

P
=
0.002

), and subdural hemorrhage (OR = 2.4376,

P
=
0.001

) were independent risk factors for CH. Bilateral DC (OR = 15.342,

P
=
0.023

), second surgery (OR = 7.021,

P
=
0.004

), bone window height (OR = 6.543,

P
=
0.041

), and bone window area (OR = 1.035,

P
=
0.012

) were independent risk factors for CH after DC surgery. It suggested that CT imaging technology could be utilized in the diagnosis of CI. The risk factors of CH included coma time, SAH, GCS score no more than 8, intraventricular hemorrhage, brain contusion, subdural hematoma, bilateral DC, bone window height, bone window area, and second surgery.
Fitted Numerical Scheme for Second-Order Singularly Perturbed Differential-Difference Equations with Mixed Shifts
Authors: Ayalew Meku , Kiltu Gashu Gadisa , Duressa Gemechis File
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the study of singularly perturbed differential-difference equations of delay and advance parameters. The proposed numerical scheme is a fitted fourth-order finite difference approximation for the singularly perturbed differential equations at the nodal points and obtained a tridiagonal scheme. This is significant because the proposed method is applicable for the perturbation parameter which is less than the mesh size

,

where most numerical methods fail to give good results. Moreover, the work can also help to introduce the technique of establishing and making analysis for the stability and convergence of the proposed numerical method, which is the crucial part of the numerical analysis. Maximum absolute errors range from

10

−
03

up to

10

−
10

, and computational rate of convergence for different values of perturbation parameter, delay and advance parameters, and mesh sizes are tabulated for the considered numerical examples. Concisely, the present method is stable and convergent and gives more accurate results than some existing numerical methods reported in the literature.
Differential Privacy Location Protection Method Based on the Markov Model
Authors: Li Hongtao , Wang Yue , Guo Feng , Wang Jie , Wang Bo , Wu Chuankun
Published: July 2021

Location‐based services (LBS) have become an important research area with the rapid development of mobile Internet technology, GPS positioning technology, and the widespread application of smart phones and social networks. LBS can provide convenience and flexibility for the users’ daily life, but at the same time, it also brings security risks to the users’ privacy. Untrusted or malicious LBS servers can collect users’ location data through various ways and disclose it to the third party, thus causing users’ privacy leakage. In this paper, a differential privacy location protection method based on the Markov model for user’s location privacy is proposed. Firstly, the transition probability matrix between states of the n‐order Markov model is used to predict the occurrence state and development trend of events; thereby, the user’s location is predicted, and then a location prediction algorithm based on the Markov model (LPAM) is proposed. Secondly, a location protection algorithm based on differential privacy (LPADP) is proposed, in which location privacy tree (LPT) is constructed according to the location data and the difficulty of retrieval, the two nodes with the largest predicted value of LPT are allocated with a reasonable privacy budget, and Laplace noise is added to protect location privacy. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed method not only meets the requirements of differential privacy and protects location privacy effectively but also has high data availability and low time complexity.
Modeling Hospitalization Decision and Utilization for the Elderly in China
Authors: Xu Xin , Chu Dongxiao
Published: July 2021

Getting medical services has become more difficult and expensive in China, which led to a problem of illness not being treated and a large number of zeros in the statistics of being hospitalized for the elderly. Traditional classic models such as the Poisson model and the negative binomial model cannot fit this kind of data well. One aim of this study was to use zero-inflated and hurdle models to better solve the problem of excess zeros. Another aim was to discover the factors affecting the decision-making behavior of the elderly being hospitalized and hospitalization service utilization. Therefore, the XGBoost model was firstly introduced to rank the importance of influencing factors in this paper. It was found that the zero-inflated negative binomial model performed best. The results showed that the elderly who had enjoyed NRCM or ERBMI/URBMI were more likely to have a higher number of hospitalizations. This indicated that the high cost of hospitalization had prevented the willingness of the elderly being hospitalized, but the basic medical insurance had increased the times of their repeated hospital readmissions. Policy efforts should be made to improve the level of basic medical insurance.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Effects of Pollen Extracts on Human Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Bakour Meryem , Laaroussi Hassan , Ousaaid Driss , Oumokhtar Bouchra , Lyoussi Badiaa
Published: July 2021

The present work was designed to search the possible antibacterial effect of the ethanolic extract of pollens from six botanical origins, Punica granatum, Quercus ilex, Centaurium erythraea, Coriandrum sativum, Ruta graveolens, and Citrus aurantium, against multidrug pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. The content of phenolic compounds, flavones, and flavonols was measured. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using four assays: total antioxidant capacity, DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power. Antibacterial activity was studied using the agar disk diffusion method, and the MIC and MBC were determined. Results obtained showed a positive correlation between the antioxidant content of pollen extracts and the antibacterial capacity, Punica granatum and Quercus ilex pollen extracts were the most efficient against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and Centaurium erythraea, Coriandrum sativum, and Ruta graveolens had a moderate effect, while Citrus aurantium had no antibacterial effect. It is concluded that pollens can be a good source of bioactive molecules that exhibit potent antioxidant effects and strong antibacterial activities.
A New Multiobjective Time-Cost Trade-Off for Scheduling Maintenance Problem in a Series-Parallel System
Authors: Tavassoli Leyla Sadat , Massah Reza , Montazeri Arsalan , Mirmozaffari Mirpouya , Jiang Guang-Jun , Chen Hong-Xia
Published: July 2021

In this paper, a modified model of Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm 2 (NSGA-II), which is one of the Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms, is proposed. This algorithm is a new model designed to make a trade-off between minimizing the cost of preventive maintenance (PM) and minimizing the time taken to perform this maintenance for a series-parallel system. In this model, the limitations of labor and equipment of the maintenance team and the effects of maintenance issues on manufacturing problems are also considered. In the mathematical model, finding the appropriate objective functions for the maintenance scheduling problem requires all maintenance costs and failure rates to be integrated. Additionally, the effects of production interruption during preventive maintenance are added to objective functions. Furthermore, to make a better performance compared with a regular NSGA-II algorithm, we proposed a modified algorithm with a repository to keep more unacceptable solutions. These solutions can be modified and changed with the proposed mutation algorithm to acceptable solutions. In this algorithm, modified operators, such as simulated binary crossover and polynomial mutation, will improve the algorithm to generate convergence and uniformly distributed solutions with more diverse solutions. Finally, by comparing the experimental solutions with the solutions of two Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) and regular NSGA-II, MNSGA-II generates more efficient and uniform solutions than the other two algorithms.
Assessing Accessibility of Dockless Sharing-Bike Networks by the Social Network Analysis Method
Authors: Liu Pei , Chen Junlan , Sun Heyang , Guo Xiucheng , Wang Yan , Zhu Zhenjun
Published: July 2021

Dockless sharing bikes play an increasingly significant role in transit transfer, especially for the first/last mile. However, it is not always accessible for users to find sharing bicycles. The objective of this paper is to assess the accessibility of dockless sharing bikes from a network perspective, which would provide a decision-making basis not only for potential bike users but also for urban planners, policymakers, and bicycle suppliers to optimize sharing-bike systems. Considering bicycle travel characteristics, a hierarchical clustering algorithm was applied to construct the dockless sharing-bike network. The social network analysis (SNA) method was adopted to assess the accessibility of the bike network. Then, a spatial interaction model was chosen to conduct a correlation analysis to compare the accessibility obtained from the SNA approach. The case study of Shanghai indicates a strong connection between the accessibility and the SNA indicators with the correlation coefficient of 0.779, which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method. This paper contributes to a deep understanding of dockless sharing-bike network accessibility since the SNA approach considers both the interaction barriers and the network structure of a bicycle network. The developed methodology requires fewer data and is easy to operate. Thus, it can serve as a tool to facilitate the smart management of sharing bikes for improving a sustainable transportation system.
The Assessment of Pentraxin 3: A Novel Biomarker in Early Detection of Infection in Newborns
Authors: Baumert Małgorzata , Surmiak Piotr , Szymkowiak Martyna , Janosz Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

Introduction. As the clinical manifestation of neonatal infection is nonspecific and characterised by varied clinical features, it is highly problematic to establish an early diagnosis. Recently, hopes have been raised by the new acute‐phase protein—pentraxin 3 (PTX3). PTX3 belongs to the family of long pentraxins, which is synthesized in numerous cells like endothelial cells, macrophages, and monocytes infiltrating sites of inflammation. Material and Methods. In our research, we have enrolled 29 newborns with infection as the study group and 47 healthy ones as the control group, as well as their mothers. The C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and PTX3 levels were determined in venous blood samples from all investigated neonates and their mothers. Moreover, PTX3 concentrations were assessed in the umbilical cord. Results. There were statistically significant differences in PTX3 levels between healthy and sick newborns both in the umbilical cord (p = 0.02) and venous blood (p = 0.01). The highest PTX3 concentrations were observed in children with infection in the presence of premature rupture of membranes (PROM). PTX3 concentrations in this group were significantly higher compared to those in healthy children without PROM. We observed elevated PCT levels in newborns with infection. No differences in CRP levels in 12 hours of life were noticed between the investigated groups. A comparison of ROC curves for PTX3 and PCT concentrations revealed similar sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of infection in neonates. Conclusions. Serum PTX3 is an important and specific biomarker of early infection. It is already elevated in the umbilical cord, so measuring PTX3 concentration might be useful in the early prediction of infection in newborns.
Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Associated Severe Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Gonapaladeniya Madhusha , Dissanayake Thushari , Liyanage Guwani
Published: July 2021

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe respiratory infections. We examined the burden of RSV-associated severe community-acquired pneumonia among hospitalized children and factors that predict RSV etiology. A hospital-based prospective study examined children below five years of age admitted with radiologically confirmed severe or very severe pneumonia in two tertiary care centers in Sri Lanka. Nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) were tested for 19 viruses by multiplex RT-PCR. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to determine whether RSV etiology could be predicted based on clinical, sociodemographic, environmental, radiological, and laboratory parameters. A total of 108 children with severe or very severe were included in the study. At least one virus was found in NPS in 92.5% of children. Forty-six children had RSV (+) pneumonia. Mean RSV proportion was 42.6% (95% CI: 33.1-52.5%,

p

value = 0.149). RSV as a single virus was found in 41.3% (19/46). The children with RSV (+) pneumonia were younger (

p
=
0.026

) and had lower C-reactive protein (

p
=
0.003

) and household crowding (

p
=
0.012

) than the RSV (-) group, after controlling for confounding covariates. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that respiratory syncytial virus was the commonest virus associated with CAP in children under five years. Younger age, crowded housing, and lower C-reactive protein levels were predictors of severe RSV-associated pneumonia.
Preventive Effect and Mechanism of Crossostephium chinense Extract on Balloon Angioplasty-Induced Neointimal Hyperplasia
Authors: Pan Chun-Hsu , Lin Yu-Pei , Wang Jie-Yu , Huang Hui-Yu , Huang Shun-Cheng , Lo Ji-Mehng , Wu Chieh-Hsi
Published: July 2021

Balloon angioplasty-induced neointimal hyperplasia remains a clinical problem that must be resolved. The bioactivities of the Crossostephium chinense extract (CCE) have demonstrated potential in preventing the progression of restenosis. The present study evaluated whether CCE can suppress balloon angioplasty-induced neointima formation and elucidated its possible pharmacological mechanisms. A rat model of carotid arterial balloon angioplasty was established to evaluate the inhibitory effect of CCEs on neointimal hyperplasia. Two cell lines, A10 vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and RAW264.7 macrophages, were used to investigate the potential regulatory activities and pharmacological mechanisms of CCEs in cell proliferation and migration and in inflammation. Our in vitro results indicated that CCE3, the ethanolic extract of C. chinense, exerted the strongest growth inhibitory and antimigratory effects on VSMCs. CCE3 blocked the activation of focal adhesion kinase, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRB), and its downstream molecules (AKT and mTOR) and reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2. In addition, our findings revealed that CCE3 significantly increased the expression of miRNA-132, an inhibitory regulator of inflammation and restenosis, and suppressed the expression of inflammation-related molecules (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-6). Our in vivo study results indicated that balloon injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia was inhibited by CCE3. CCE3 could reduce neointima formation in balloon-injured arteries, and this effect may be partially attributed to the CCE3-induced suppression of PDGFRB-mediated downstream pathways and inflammation-related molecules.
Two Efficient Algorithms for Orthogonal Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
Authors: Wu Jing , Chen Bin , Han Tao
Published: July 2021

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular method for the multivariate analysis of nonnegative data. It involves decomposing a data matrix into a product of two factor matrices with all entries restricted to being nonnegative. Orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization (ONMF) has been introduced recently. This method has demonstrated remarkable performance in clustering tasks, such as gene expression classification. In this study, we introduce two convergence methods for solving ONMF. First, we design a convergent orthogonal algorithm based on the Lagrange multiplier method. Second, we propose an approach that is based on the alternating direction method. Finally, we demonstrate that the two proposed approaches tend to deliver higher-quality solutions and perform better in clustering tasks compared with a state-of-the-art ONMF.
Low Back Pain Assessment Based on Alpha Oscillation Changes in Spontaneous Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Authors: Feng Li , Li Hanlei , Cui Hongyan , Xie Xiaobo , Xu Shengpu , Hu Yong
Published: July 2021

Objectively and accurately assessing pain in clinical settings is challenging. Previous studies showed that alpha oscillations of electroencephalogram data are correlated with subjective perceived pain. Based on this finding, this study is aimed at assessing chronic low back pain based on alpha oscillations. Multichannel electroencephalogram data were recorded from 27 subjects with chronic low back pain under the simple conditions of closing eyes or opening eyes. Spectral analyses were conducted to extract the alpha band responses, and the alpha powers were calculated for the two conditions, respectively. Normalized alpha power was calculated by subtracting the alpha power in the eyes-open condition from that in the eyes-closed condition. The correlation between the alpha power and the subjective pain intensity was evaluated in frontal, central, and posterior regions. The normalized alpha power in the central region was negatively correlated with the subjective pain intensity (

R
=
−
0.50

,

P
=
0.01

), with the strongest correlation occurring at the Cz electrode (

R
=
−
0.59

,

P
=
0.04

). The correlation analysis results demonstrated the possibility of using the differences of alpha spectral power between eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions as a measure for assessing chronic low back pain. The findings suggest that the normalized alpha power in the central region may be used as a measurable and quantitative indicator of chronic pain for clinical applications.
Feasibility and Safety of Mark-Guided Submucosal Tunneling Endoscopic Resection for Treatment of Esophageal Submucosal Tumors Originating from the Muscularis Propria: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Wu Ben-hua , Shi Rui-yue , Zhang Hai-yang , Liu Ting-ting , Tian Yan-hui , Xiong Feng , Xu Zheng-lei , Zhang Ding-guo , Li De-feng , Yao Jun , Wang Li-sheng
Published: July 2021

Background. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) has effectively removed esophageal submucosal tumors (SMTs) originating from the muscularis propria (MP) layer. However, clinical failure and adverse events of STER remain concerned. In this study, we described a mark-guided STER (markings before creating entry point) and evaluated its feasibility and safety for esophageal SMTs originating from MP. Methods. Patients receiving the mark-guided STER from October 2017 to July 2020 were included and followed up (ranged from 3 to 30 months). The primary outcomes included complete resection, en bloc resection, and R0 resection rates. The secondary outcomes included procedure duration, main complication, and residual lesions. Results. A total of 242 patients with 242 SMTs (median diameter of 22 mm, ranging from 7 mm to 40 mm) received the mark-guided STER. The median procedure duration was 55 min (ranging from 35 min to 115 min). The complete resection, en bloc resection, and R0 resection rates were 100%, 98.3%, and 97.5%, respectively. The adverse event rate was 4.5%. However, there was no severe complication. No residual SMTs were detected during the follow-up period. Logistic regression demonstrated that the SMT size and procedure duration were independent factors associated with en bloc resection (

P
=
0.02

and

P
=
0.04

, respectively). Moreover, logistic regression demonstrated that the SMT size was an independent risk factor for main complications (

P
=
0.02

). Conclusion. Mark-guided STER was feasible and safe to remove esophageal SMTs ≦40 mm. However, it is necessary to further verify the feasibility and safety for the esophageal SMTs >40 mm.
The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing for Stroke: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Hu Caixia , Qin Xiaohui , Ye Richun , Jiang Minqing , Lu Yuhua , Lin Changting
Published: July 2021

Background. An increasing number of systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) of clinical trials have begun to investigate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing in patients with stroke. To systematically appraise and synthesize these results, we conducted an overview of SRs/MAs. Methods. Eight databases from their inception to April 2020 were searched to include all SRs/MAs on TCM nursing for stroke. Methodological quality assessment was performed using Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) and evidence quality assessment was performed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results. Eleven SRs/MAs regarding TCM nursing for stroke were included. The assessments with AMSTAR-2 indicated that the methodological quality of all included SRs/MAs was critically low. According to the evaluation results of GRADE, 10 (40%) outcomes were rated as critically low-quality evidence, 7 (28%) low-quality evidence, and 8 (32%) moderate-quality evidence. Descriptive analysis results showed that TCM nursing was effective for stroke. Conclusions. All included SRs/MAs suggested positive findings of TCM nursing for stroke, but the credibility of the results is limited. Studies with methodologically rigorous and adequately powered are still needed in this field.
Progressive Resistance Exercises plus Manual Therapy Is Effective in Improving Isometric Strength in Overhead Athletes with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Ghrouz Amer K. , Hussain M. Ejaz , Sharma Shalini , Aldabbas Mosab , Ansari Sumbul
Published: July 2021

Reduction in isometric strength of the scapulohumeral muscles is a commonly seen impairment in overhead athletes afflicted with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two different treatment programs: progressive resistance exercises plus manual therapy (PRE plus MT) and motor control exercises (MCE), on isometric strength of upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MTr), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), supraspinatus (Supr.), anterior deltoid (A.D), and latissimus dorsi (LD). 80 male university‐level overhead athletes clinically diagnosed with SIS were randomly allocated into either of the two groups: PRE plus MT and MCE group. Athletes in the PRE plus MT group underwent graduated exercises with resistance elastic band, stretching exercises, and mobilization of the thoracic and shoulder joints. MCE group was submitted to motor control exercises in varied planar positions. Athletes in both groups underwent management 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Isometric strength of UT, MTr, LT, Supr, A.D, SA, and LD was measured at three‐time points: baseline, 4th week, and 8th week. Relative to baseline, both interventions were found to be effective in increasing and optimizing the isometric strength of muscles (p < 0.05) except for supraspinatus in the MCE group (p > 0.05). However, athletes in PRE plus MT group presented a more pronounced increase in isometric strength than those in the MCE group. Between groups analysis found the largest isometric strength improvement in PRE plus MT group for A.D, followed by Supr. and UT muscles (p < 0.05; effect size: 0.39 to 0.40). The study concluded that compared to MCE, PRE plus MT provides greater improvement in the isometric strength of scapulohumeral muscles.
Quality Characteristics and Moisture Mobility of Giant Salamander (Andrias davidianus) Jerky during Roasting Process
Authors: Jin Wengang , Chen Xiaohua , Geng Jingzhang , Jin Jing , Pei Jinjin , Gao Ruichang , Chen Dejing
Published: July 2021

Quality attributes and water mobility of giant salamander jerkies (GSJs) during roasting process (160°C, for 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 min) were investigated. The results showed that

a

∗

,

b

∗

values and shear force increased of GSJs roasting from 20 to 80 min, while

L

∗

, yield, and moisture content decreased significantly (

p
<
0.05

). Sensory assessment showed that GSJs at a roasting time of 40–60 min had higher scores. GSJs contained great amount of healthy unsaturated fatty acids (including DHA and EPA), and the total amino acids and essential amino acids were among 59.33–71.77 g·100 g−1 and 25.94–31.40 g·100 g−1, respectively. The mobility of the immobilized moisture and free moisture were shrunk dramatically during roasting. The proton density weighted images also exhibited the moisture shrinkage during roasting. In addition, T22 and T23 were positively correlated with MRI signal, moisture content, and yield of GSJs, but negatively correlated with shear force and overall acceptability, respectively. Thus, in view of various quality attributes and sensory evaluation, a roasting time of 40–60 min was favored for nutritive GSJs production. LF-NMR and MRI might be employed to profile the quality characteristics during roasting as a rapid and nondestructive analytical tool.
Tool Wear Monitoring with Vibration Signals Based on Short-Time Fourier Transform and Deep Convolutional Neural Network in Milling
Authors: Huang Zhiwen , Zhu Jianmin , Lei Jingtao , Li Xiaoru , Tian Fengqing
Published: July 2021

Tool wear monitoring is essential in precision manufacturing to improve surface quality, increase machining efficiency, and reduce manufacturing cost. Although tool wear can be reflected by measurable signals in automatic machining operations, with the increase of collected data, features are manually extracted and optimized, which lowers monitoring efficiency and increases prediction error. For addressing the aforementioned problems, this paper proposes a tool wear monitoring method using vibration signal based on short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) in milling operations. First, the image representation of acquired vibration signals is obtained based on STFT, and then the DCNN model is designed to establish the relationship between obtained time-frequency maps and tool wear, which performs adaptive feature extraction and automatic tool wear prediction. Moreover, this method is demonstrated by employing three tool wear experimental datasets collected from three-flute ball nose tungsten carbide cutter of a high-speed CNC machine under dry milling. Finally, the experimental results prove that the proposed method is more accurate and relatively reliable than other compared methods.
Nursing Research of Optic Canal Decompression Operation under Nasal Endoscopic Medical Treatment Based on Intelligent Internet of Things for Traumatic Vision Disorders
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhao Yanchun , Gong Xia , Zhang Ying
Published: July 2021

Traumatic vision is an important factor that causes people to have a vision. In our country, the vast majority of vision is caused by trauma. To understand the role of optic nerve decompression in the treatment of traumatic visual disturbances based on the pathological states of traumatic visual disturbances and intelligent Internet of tumors medical nasal endoscopy optic nerve decompression. This article collects relevant information by investigating patients, investigating relevant literature, interviewing professionals, etc., constructing a case template and using a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative analysis method to create a damage assessment matrix. The results of the study found that most traumatic vision disorders occur in the young and middle-aged stage, which is more than three times that of other age groups. The permanent blindness rate of patients reaches 8%, which is extremely harmful. Optic canal decompression surgery can play a great role in the treatment of patients. It can greatly reduce the patient’s neurological damage. The effect is about 30% higher than that of general treatment methods, and it can also play a certain role in the prognosis of rehabilitation. It can effectively prevent related postoperative complications. This shows that optic canal decompression in the treatment of traumatic vision disorders should attract people’s attention and increase research and development efforts and promotion efforts so that optic canal decompression can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with traumatic vision disorders based on smart Internet of things China can play a greater role.
Abstract 1004: Defining stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 as a molecular therapeutic target against cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Gleba Justyna J. , Marlow Laura A. , Miller Erin E. , Miller James L. , Alasonyalilar-Demirer Aylin , Guo Yi , Mody Kabir , Roberts Lewis R. , Alberts Steven R. , Truty Mark J. , Patel Tushar C. , Copland John A.
Published: July 2021

Cancer cells increase lipid metabolism by up-regulation lipogenic enzymes such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). It is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of fatty acids (FAs), catalyzing the conversion and biosynthesis of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) into monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). We developed SSI-4, a novel highly specific SCD1 inhibitor. The anti-tumor activity ofSSI-4 was examined against different cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) models that included human and mouseCCA cell lines, CCA patient-derived xenografts (PDX) NOD SCID gamma (NSG) mouse models, and CCA PDX derived organoids. Using cell proliferation assay, we examined twelve CCA cell lines and 4 were very sensitive to SSI-4 (1-40 nM IC50). The remaining CCA cell lines showed moderate to no sensitivity to SSI-4. Studies at the protein level have shown that SCD1 is present in both sensitive and non-sensitive cells. Thus, SCD1 must be present in sensitive cells but is not predictive of response to an SCD1 inhibitor. In an effort to identify biomarkers predicting response to therapy, we performed assays, such as lipid, lactate, or energy phenotype which identified elevated lactate and unsaturated fatty acid levels as well as a glycolytic energy phenotype. In vivo, CCA PDX models have demonstrated that SSI-4strongly inhibited tumor growth. Immunohistochemical analysis of CCA tumors revealed elevated glycolytic genes in sensitive cells and thus, a potential predictive biomarker. We are currently pursuing a better understanding of the relationship between glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis/metabolism. We are also testing novel combination therapy of SSI-4 with the standard of care and other drugs to develop novel treatments for CCA. Using CCA PDX derived organoids showed synergistic antitumor activity of SSI-4in combination with cancer standard of care drugs such as gemcitabine and cisplatin. Collectively, we expect to develop a biomarker-driven selection of CCA patients sensitive to SCD1 inhibitors and novel SSI-4 combination therapy leading to improved patient survival.

Citation Format: Justyna J. Gleba, Laura A. Marlow, Erin E. Miller, James L. Miller, Aylin Alasonyalilar-Demirer, Yi Guo, Kabir Mody, Lewis R. Roberts, Steven R. Alberts, Mark J. Truty, Tushar C. Patel, John A. Copland. Defining stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 as a molecular therapeutic target against cholangiocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1004.
Abstract 1012: In vitro antitumor effect of AZD4547 in ovarian cancer cell lines
Authors: Seo Ji Hae , Lee Seungmee , Cho Chi-Heum , Shin So-Jin
Published: July 2021

Of all the gynecological cancer, ovarian cancer is the most fatal malignancy. In particular, strong chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer raises the need for new therapeutic strategy. Since fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pays an important role in malignant transformation, tumor growth, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors are being assessed in clinical trials for several FGFR-driven cancer. FGFRs is known to be highly dysregulated in ovarian cancer, however the effect of FGFR inhibition in ovarian cancer has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of AZD4547, an FGFR1-4 inhibitor, in various types of ovarian cancer cell line. AZD4547 markedly inhibited proliferation and stimulated apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. In addition, AZD4547 inhibited cell migration and invasion under non-toxic condition. Moreover, AZD4547 reduced the sphere forming ability and the self-renewal capacities of ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs) which are strongly resistant to paclitaxel. Furthermore, AZD4547 exhibited anti-angiogenic effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Based on these anti-tumor effect of AZD4547 in ovarian cancer cell lines, we suggests AZD4547 as a promising agent for ovarian cancer treatment.

Citation Format: Ji Hae Seo, Seungmee Lee, Chi-Heum Cho, So-Jin Shin. In vitro antitumor effect of AZD4547 in ovarian cancer cell lines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1012.
Abstract 1016: A new biomarker in hematological malignancies
Authors: Borgovan Theo
Published: July 2021

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biologically active nanoparticles. EVs from explant prostate cancer induce a neoplastic phenotype in normal prostate cell lines. We have also shown EVs from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can have a healing effect, reversing the malignant phenotype in prostate and colorectal cancer; as well as mitigating radiation damage to marrow. The role of EVs in leukemia and its microenvironment remains to be studied, and may provide insight for therapeutic advances. We hypothesize that EVs derived from normal MSC can have a healing effect, inhibiting the growth of myelogenous leukemia.

Methods: Kasumi AML cells lines were seeded in a 96 well plate with various concentrations of MSC-derived EVs. Vesicles were isolated usingan established differential centrifugation technique, and were co-cultured with Kasumi. To study cellular proliferation we measured fluorescence after 60 min. Fluorescence intensities were normalized to control wells containing non-EV treated cells alone.

Results: Proliferation of AML cells after one day of co-culture with MSC-EVs respectively was inhibited in a dose dependent manner. Three days of co-culture with similar doses resulted in ~40% and ~80%reduction in proliferation when normalized to control. At day 6 of co-culture growth was inhibited by ~80% at both EV concentrations when normalized to control.

Summary/Conclusion: MSC-derived EVs inhibits the growth of the AMLcell line in vitro. This effect is seen as early as 1 day of co-culture andpersists out to 3, and 6 days implicating an miRNA-mediated mechanismthat has been discussed in previous works. We feel this is perhaps a modelof how a normal marrow works to suppress early cancer.As leukemia develops the cross-talk between AML and its microenvironmentalters the MSCs to promote a survival signal favouring AMLgrowth. Future work involves the capacity of AML-derived EVs to alterthe phenotype of normal marrow towards a pro-leuekmic phenotype.Employing mathematical models to quantify and ultimately predict thesechanges allows for precise therapeutic intervention.

Citation Format: Theo Borgovan. A new biomarker in hematological malignancies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1016.