bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gallbladder cholesterolosis in patients with metabolic syndrome and chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Petrushenko V.V. , Grebeniuk D.I. , Liakhovchenko N.A. , Gormash P.P.
Published: June 2021

Cholesterolosis, as a pathological condition caused by metabolic disorders, is potentially associated with metabolic syndrome and chronic pancreatitis. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and morphological features of gallbladder cholesterolosis in the contingent of patients with metabolic syndrome and chronic pancreatitis. 82 patients who underwent cholecystectomy for chronic calculous cholecystitis were included in our study. The experimental group consisted of 37 patients with metabolic syndrome and chronic pancreatitis. The comparison group included 45 patients without clinically confirmed metabolic syndrome and chronic pancreatitis. In accordance with the purpose and objectives, morphological examination of the gallbladder wall was performed. Data to be analyzed were processed using the statistical software package SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The gender and age structure of the studied contingent did not differ from that described in the scientific literature. The morphological picture of cholesterolosis did not differ in the study groups. In a mucous membrane considerable polymorphism of folds (villi) was noted. There were signs of desquamation and regeneration in the epithelium. There was a violation of the structure Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses. In some crypts microconcretions were defined. Atrophy and sclerosis of the stroma of the villi were detected in the mucous membrane. Significant expansion of the lumen of the veins in the own plate of the mucous membrane and the perimuscular layer of the gallbladder wall was noteworthy. Signs of stasis were found in the lumen of blood vessels. The lumen of the arteries was narrowed in places due to swelling and accumulation of yellow-brown pigment. Signs of spasm and significant sclerosis of the wall were identified. Dystrophic changes in the endothelium contribute not only to the development of uneven plethora of stagnant nature with significant edema, but also hemorrhage. Significant swelling of all layers was characteristic, causing their disintegration. Significant dilation of lymphatic vessels causes a significant thickening of the gallbladder wall. In some places, there is uneven hypertrophy of the muscle layer. There was an excessive increase in the tortuosity ducts of Luschka. According to the study, patients with metabolic syndrome and chronic pancreatitis, operated on for chronic calculous cholecystitis, along with maintaining the gender and age structure of the contingent, there is a significantly higher incidence of gallbladder cholesterolosis.
Regímenes de blockchain para el ejercicio del periodismo: innovación entre pruebas y errores
Authors: Callejo-Gallego Javier
Published: June 2021

Blockchain technology was born with the bitcoin cryptocurrency and has been seen as a revolutionary technology since it became possible to design smart contracts and tokens based on it. It has been possible to export this innovation to the most diverse fields, including the culture and entertainment industry and media. However, and after six years of developing different models to incorporate blockchain into journalism, an integrated model to act as a reference in this field is still lacking. After analyzing and grouping the wide potential of blockchain in journalism into so-called regimes, this work points out both promising and failed projects in each of the three regimes proposed: registration, economic, and organizational. It is concluded that, despite the very interesting developments regarding the registration regime and intellectual property protection, on the one hand, and economic regime and tokenization, on the other, the inherent decentralized configuration of blockchain currently represents a large obstacle to the construction of an integrated model for its use in journalism.

Resumen
Desde que la tecnología nacida para la generación de la criptomoneda bitcoin, blockchain, incorporó la posibilidad de diseñar contratos inteligentes y tokens sobre la misma, se vio como una tecnología revolucionaria. De hecho, está, junto a la robótica y la inteligencia artificial, en el centro de la denominada cuarta revolución industrial. Una innovación capaz de ser llevada a los más diversos campos, entre los que destacaba la industria de la cultura y el entretenimiento en general y los medios de comunicación en particular. Es más, teniendo en cuenta la profunda crisis económica y de confianza que vive el ejercicio de la profesión periodística, se apuntaba como una prometedora alternativa a tener muy en cuenta. Sin embargo, tras seis años de probar con distintos modelos de incorporación de esta al ejercicio del periodismo, aún falta la referencia de un modelo capaz de integrar las capacidades derivadas de la misma en este campo. Parece que aún se está lejos de lo que podría considerarse un modelo blockchain en periodismo, de la misma manera que se está alcanzando en otras industrias o profesiones. En este artículo, tras analizar y agrupar esas potencialidades innovadoras en lo que se han denominado regímenes, se apuntan proyectos prometedores y proyectos fallidos en cada uno de ellos. Se concluye que, si bien se han dado desarrollos muy interesantes en lo que respecta a los regímenes de registro y protección de la propiedad intelectual, por un lado, y económico, a través de la tokenización, por otro lado, el gran obstáculo actualmente está en concretar la fórmula de la organización descentralizada. Un modelo de organización que se encuentra en el corazón de blockchain.
MODELING OF HEATING AND MELTING PROCESSES OF HYDROCARBON MIXTURES WITH FORCED REMOVAL OF THE MELT
Authors: Obodovych O.M. , Ivanitsky G.К. , Stepanova O.E.
Published: June 2021

Analysis of the work, which considered the mathematical modeling of the melting process in various industries, currently does not pay attention to modeling the processes of heating and melting of hydrocarbon mixtures, such as vaseline, paraffin, fats, lanolin and others. The issue of optimization of heating and melting processes, calculations of necessary process parameters (speed and depth of thermal front penetration, etc.) and equipment, avoidance of repetition for each hydrocarbon mixture of experimental studies shows the need to develop a mathematical model of these processes. For the method of melting a substance placed in a cylindrical tank, based on the movement of a disc heating element under the action of gravity during melting and overflow of molten substance through the gaps between the disc and the walls of the tank, simulation has been carried out. Simulation of the melt flow in the annular gap is presented, which describes the laminar flow under the influence of the pressure drop and the velocity of the vessel wall relative to the heater, and the melt flow under the heater.
Pendidikan Pesantren Berbasis Multiple Intellegences (Kecerdasan Majemuk)
Authors: Maarif Muhammad Anas , Rofiq Muhammad Husnur , Nabila Nur Silva
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini menjelaskan pentingnya inovasi pendidikan untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan peserta didik. Multiple Intelligences MI (kecerdasan majemuk) adalah sebagian kecil inovasi di bagian pendidikan sebagai jawaban atas pembagian kecerdasan yang hanya terpacu pada intellectual, spiritual dan emosiaonal. Multiple Intelligences membagi kecerdasan pada anak menjadi delapan sehingga dengan pembagian tersebut minat dan bakat peserta didik sekaligus potensinya tergali secara terarah dan tersalurkan. MI banyak di terapkan di lembaga-lembaga sekolah, yang bersifat formal akan tetapi bangsa ini lupa dengan pendidikan yang mencetak banyak ulama` yaitu pesantren. dengan demikian seharusnya pesantren menjadi perhatian serius untuk pengembangan santri/peserta didik. Dan dengan adanya inovasi pendidikan ini semoga menjadi sedikit solusi untuk pendidikan di negeri ini.
Urgensi Pendidikan Karakter dalam Membentuk Akhlak Peserta Didik
Authors: Rony Rony , Jariyah Siti Ainun
Published: June 2021

Character education in Indonesia needs to be instilled from an early age, given the decline in morality of students in the era of globalization. Morality is an element that shows the quality of people's lives. Religious people assume that religion always teaches its followers to do good and prohibits them from doing wrong. Meanwhile, humanists assume that a person's morality is seen from how someone obeys the values ​​and norms in society. Cultivating character education through three stages, namely internalization and externalization. The three processes of planting can show positive results, of course, the character of the students is also good. However, if the three processes are not optimal, the results obtained by students are also not optimal. The internalization process becomes the basic process or foundation for the character education of students, where the family forms the basis of a character in the form of character recognition to students. And externalization is the next process of internalization where this process is filled by education staff, peers, social media.
Analisis Manajemen SDM Dalam Mengembangkan Strategi Pembelajaran Di Era New Normal
Authors: Bahri Syamsul , Arafah Novira
Published: June 2021

This literature study was conducted to find out: Analysis of Human Resource Management in Improving Strategies Learrning in the New Normal Era. In this research, the method used qualitative with a library research. The results of the study indicate are: Human Resource management in improving strategies learrning in the new normal era is effort, mature readiness, provisioning both in terms of IT skills and virtual learning progress. The most appropriate learning strategy in the new normal era is to follow the rules of the Ministry of Education and Culture with virtual learning through agreed platforms. For this reason, the 2 main elements of teaching and learning activities take place, these students and teachers must be equipped, qualified and know the direction of learning that will be filtered in order to minimize misunderstanding between teacher and students. While students at home, study is assisted and supervised by their parents to avoid deception, laziness and cheating during the exam. So that ethics, values ​​/ norms remain upheld in the world of academia.
Integrasi Tasawuf dan Modernitas dalam Pendidikan Islam Prespektif Fethullah Gulen
Authors: Nazihah Apap , Maulana Ilham Habibi
Published: June 2021

Indonesia is the biggest Muslim population in the world. The process of Islamization in this country is not through territorial conquest but among the biggest factors is through Sufism and education. One of the teachings of Sufism that developed at this time is the teachings of Sufism Fethullah Gulen. The purpose of this study is to reveal the ideal Islamic education system design and implementation according to Fethullah Gulen. Through manevi and hizmet activities, Gulen designed an education system that combines aspects of Sufism and modernity. This education system is considered successful in forming students so that they have competence in both intellectual and moral aspects.
Manajemen Program Pengembangan Kurikulum PAI dan Budi Pekerti dalam Pembentukan Karakter Religius Siswa
Authors: Pakpahan Poetri Leharia , Habibah Umi
Published: June 2021

The research was a qualitative study using a case description in the elementary Muhammadiyah Macanan. The informans are head master of elementary Muhammadiyah Mcanan, PAI dan Budi Pekerti’s teacher, coordinator of curriculum, Thafidz’s teacher, teacher’s class, and fifth graders. The technique for collecting datas are used observations, and documentations, and indepth interviews. And the result showed that: 1) manajement of curriculum development program PAI dan Budi Pekerti used four functions management, they are a) Plannings arranged in the vision, missions, and objectives of the program, and the various programs, they are short term, medium-term, and long term programs  b) Organizing of human resources involved in the preparation of program and graduation competency standards, c) Implementations of development program are devided to dhuha prayers, dzuhur prayers, jum’at prayers, reading the holly Qur’an, and memorizing the qur’an. And content standards consisting of core competencies and basic competencies d) Evaluations are devided to achievement of planning, organizing, and implementing through graduation competency standards in dimency of attitude and skills. 2) The building of religious characters are devided to a) the teacher’s way how to provide the building religious characters; b) the teacher’s way to do the building religious characters; c) habituation methods in building religious characters.
CORRELATES OF HAPPINESS AMONG MUSLIM WOMEN STUDENTS IN WOMEN CENTRE FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION SOKOTO STATE, NORTHERN NIGERIA.
Authors: Zainab Ibrahim Lawal  , Aqeel Khan  , Jamaluddin Bin Ramli  , Muhammad Imran Qureshi
Published: June 2021

Despite burgeoning researches on happiness in different fields of psychology, anthropology, and economics, in the west on Judeo-Christians and on men, fewer researches were conducted on correlates of happiness among Muslims especially Women in the African context. World happiness report (WHR) reported that Nigeria was ranked as the 5th happiest nation and 6th in Africa, however fewer researches of happiness in Nigeria were reported especially in Northern Nigeria. It investigated the relationship between happiness, culture, socio-economic status and religious coping, among Muslim women students. Quantitative design of the correlational type was used, the population of 900 students from women centers for continuing education (WCCE) and 269 samples using a purposive sampling method. Orientation to happiness scale (OHS) with the reliability of 0.953, cultural questionnaire for women (CQW) with a coefficient of 0.918, a demographic questionnaire socio-economic status scale (SESS) with 0.717 reliability co-efficient and Islamic religious coping scale (IRCOPE) with alpha 0.888 were the instruments used for data collection, generally named happiness, culture, socio-economic status and religious coping scale with a total coefficient of 0.937. Partial least square based on structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data. It revealed that a statistically significant positive relationship between happiness, culture and religious coping, while SES was not significantly related to happiness among Muslim women students.
Examining Smart Meter Users’ Experience on Continuance Intention in Adopting Smart Meter in Malaysia – Result from a Pilot Study
Authors: Yusoff Nor Shafiqah , Zeittey Karmilla Kaman  , Abdul Rahman Zahari  , Wan Hafiizhah Wan Mohamad Norafi  , Azlina Bte Abdullah
Published: June 2021

A smart or advanced meter is an electronic appliance capable of recording actual electricity consumption over time intervals of one hour or less, and of sending the data back to the utility through a two-way communication feature, enabling providers to respond to the data. Hence, the Malaysian government is currently in the process of rollout installation of smart meter. To increase the acceptance and adoption of a smart meter, it is essential to identify the key factors that influenced the continuance use of a smart meter among residential users. A total of 37 respondents participated in this pilot study, and data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and reliability test. The results show that all items have good loading values and the alpha values for each variable are above 0.85. This indicates that all items and variables developed in this study can be tested in future research.
Does Psychological Empowerment Mediates the Association of Workplace Spirituality with Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Burnout?
Authors: Mushtaq Rabia , Tehmeena Shafqat  , Muhammad Muddassar Khan  , Abida Ellahi  , Armaghan Ansar
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating role of psychological empowerment in linking the relationship among workplace spirituality, OCB and burnout. The convenience sampling method was employed to collected data from a sample of 362 employees working in banking sector of Pakistan by a self-administered survey. Workplace Spirituality Scale (Ashmos & Duchon, 2000; Milliman, Andrew & Jeffery, 2003), Organizational Citizenship Behaviour Scale (Podsakoff and MacKenzie, 1994), Employee Burnout Scale (Maslach and Jackson, 1981) and Psychological Empowerment Scale (Spreitzer, 1995) were used. Regression analysis exhibits that workplace spirituality has a positive association with OCB whereas it was negatively linked with employee burnout. Further psychological empowerment significantly mediates the relationship of workplace spirituality with OCB and burnout. This research provides new insights into the workplace spirituality by investigating the empirical assessment of the combined impact of workplace spirituality and psychological empowerment on OCB and burnout.
Tourism versus Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Tourism – An Element of Economic Growth of Metropolitan Cities, Entrepreneurs
Authors: Zakiya Salim Alhasni
Published: June 2021

Oman's economy highly depends on oil revenue since it accounts for more than half of all its export incomes. Other sectors like fishery and agriculture are some of the other major sources of income that are perceived to have some influence on minimizing the economic gaps of the population while contributing constructively to the country's GDP. Oman being strategically and geographically located gives it a better chance to add to the sources of its revenues. Tourism is hence seen as a key contributor to the economy and its sustainability. The reason behind this is the fact that Oman possesses great tourism potential in terms of its culture, climate, and natural environment. Proper understanding of the relationship that exists between the contribution from tourism and the SDGs is important in the development of the sector to improve development within the area. This research elucidated the constructive economic effects of tourism in Oman that can generate revenues and maintain sustainable economic growth, which in turn can help the country achieve its SDGs.
The Relationship between Integrated Reporting Disclosures and Firm Performance in Malaysia: The Roles of Family Firms and Board Gender Diversity
Authors: Lok Yee Huei  , Phua Lian Kee
Published: June 2021

Since the beginning of year 2020, Covid-19 pandemic crisis attacks the whole world. The outbreak affects all companies from all sizes across all industry sectors. As a result, global economy is significantly impacted by Covid-19. In order to provide a holistic view on the matters related to impacts faced by companies as well as how the companies create value during the pandemic periods, companies will improve the information disclosures to the stakeholders. As integrated reporting improves quality of information on non-financial information, it is able to provide useful information on future prospects of companies as well as the effects of pandemic. Cross sectional analysis and content analysis will be used in the study. This study suggests that when companies apply integrated reporting to produce the annual reports, there will be an improvement of firm performance. This study also proposes that the roles of family firms and board gender diversity can also influence the association between integrated reporting disclosures and performance of company. The findings of study can give an overall picture to the management on how the integrated reporting disclosures influence firm performance. Results of study can also be employed by regulatory bodies to design policies to promote the adoption of integrated reporting.
Psychosocial Safety Climate, Job Resources, Work Engagement and Organizational Commitment: A study in Malaysian Research Universities
Authors: Gan Kia Hui , Daisy Mui Hung Kee
Published: June 2021

Work from home is the current trend, especially happen the COVID–19. Malaysian government to slow down the spread of the Covid-19. Hence, they took an immediate change. When the Malaysian government announced and applied the nationwide Restriction of Movement Order (MCO), all lecturers force to conduct their teaching online. When preparing an online class, lecturers face a bundle of challenges. This challenge will be affected by the lecturers’ work engagement and commitment. Therefore, this paper will show the importance of applying Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) in the Malaysian RUs. Besides, job resources will act as a mediator in the present study as well. Moreover, this current study determined that job resources have a notable indirect relationship between PSC, work engagement and organizational commitment, through the mediator – job resources. The study outcomes will be beneficial for the policymaker and enhance the lecturers’ engagement and commitment.
Employability among the B40 Group Graduates from Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions
Authors: Ramakrishnan Kalaimagal , Norizan Mohd Yasin
Published: June 2021

The study aims to establish the fundamentals of the novel employability among the B40 group Graduates from Malaysian HLIs. The aim is in line with the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Malaysia Plans to nurture quality human capital with good values focusing on B40 group, relevant skills and knowledge to meet industry demand and spur economic growth through greater industry-academia collaboration. The project objectives are to elucidate the ways industry and HLIs collaborate to meet industry demand and spur economic growth, to determine the factors that help to improve the education quality for better students’ outcomes and institutional excellence, to determine the factors that causes issues among B40 graduates, to assess the B40 students’ performance in HLIs and finally to assess the employment demand among the B40 graduates in the job market.
Assessing Listening Comprehension at the Secondary Level in Bangladesh: Challenges and Possible Measures
Authors: Kabir S M Akramul , Janinka Greenwood
Published: June 2021

The current National Curriculum 2012 of Bangladesh recommends all four skills of English language education to be assessed in school and public exams. In the curriculum, there is a suggestion to evaluate the listening abilities of students through a formative assessment throughout the year at schools. The marks of the listening assessment need to be counted with the other three skills while grading students’ English language papers for the secondary level in the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) examination. However, the existing exam evaluates only reading and writing tasks. Although various attempts are underway to reform the current language assessment procedure by including listening and speaking skills, nothing has come out in concreate so far. With this article, I provide expert insights into the challenges of listening assessment with the goal of helping policymakers and the secondary school teachers. In-depth interviews with policymakers and secondary school teachers and (n=16) are qualitatively analysed to gain reflection into the existing challenges to assess listening and how to make the assessment procedures. The findings and discussion of the article propose a conceptual framework that can be helpful for the teachers and policymakers to deal with the challenges.
Global Trend of Social Innovation Research
Authors: Huma Sikandar  , Umar Haiyat Abdul Kohar
Published: June 2021

The aim of this research is to identify the latest trends of the scientific publications in the social innovation literature. This research is conducted through bibliometric analysis of the available data from 1966 to 2019 in the Scopus database. The bibliometric analysis is carried out on all ‘published’ articles in the Scopus database. The search phrase used was “Social Innovation”. Out of 3140 articles, 1280 articles were included in the study based on their relevance to the objectives of this study. This research investigates parameters such as publications in line with the years, subject areas, top journals, top authors and countries contributing to the social innovation field, and also the collaborations of author and co-occurrence of keywords. Results indicate that Frances R. Westley (University of waterloo) is the most productive author in field. Additionally, we found that the most prolific journal is “sustainability” and the most productive country is the United Kingdom. A significant increase in the number of scientific publications in the social innovation field is observed since 2016 which leads to the conclusion that the topic has gained relevance among academicians in recent years. We used VoS Viewer visual bibliometric analyser to identify the co-occurrence of keywords and co-authorship of countries.
Exploring Drivers and Outcomes of Lurking Engagement and Posting Engagement in Social Media-Based Brand Communities:
Authors: Farhat Kashif , Aslam Wajeeha , Sanuri Sany
Published: June 2021

Social media-based brand communities (SMBBC) offer valuable opportunities for brands to build customer engagement (CE). Hitherto brands lack the knowledge of the forms of engagement in SMBBC that drive brand loyalty, effectiveness of investment in SMBBC, and the expected returns on the investment. Hence, the main objective of the study is to determine the drivers of CE in SMBBC, identify how they relate to two forms of engagement behaviors: lurking and posting, and their influence on resulting brand loyalty. PLS-SEM analysis of 229 fans of brands on Facebook established that significant differences exist between the drivers for lurking and posting engagement by hedonic and utilitarian brands type. Lurking engagement emerged as a significant and a stronger type of engagement behavior for brand loyalty than posting engagement. The study furnishes valuable insights on lurking and posting engagement and the variation in these engagement forms by hedonic and utilitarian brands in SMBBC.
Social Vulnerability Facing Older Persons Involved in Internal Migration During the Pandemic
Authors: Helen Tan Sui Hong  , Mohamad Salleh Ili Merinna
Published: June 2021

The vulnerabilities of elderly persons have been receiving attention around the world in recent times especially those who are involved in migration and endured the Covid-19 lockdown. The migratory process of the elderly persons is a complex phenomenon and requires emphasis on a different perception of age-related migration cause, consequences, and pattern.  There is limited research that fully assess the vulnerabilities facing migrated elderly persons especially against the backdrop of the pandemic.  This study focuses on the Sarawak elderly persons who migrated to Johor following their children and relatives. FGDs was conducted with NGO stakeholders related to Sarawakian community and subsequently pilot in-depth interviews were conducted with 3 older in-migrant persons residing in the District of Pasir Gudang, Johor. Thematic analysis was performed on the FGDs and pilot in-depth interview data. The key findings revealed that loneliness, financial dependence, language barrier and healthcare issues are among the major concerns; and they came up with various coping strategies to manage these challenges. The study also revealed interesting challenges brought about by the restrictions during the Covid-19 lockdown.
The Motivation to Become Indigenous Entrepreneur: A Case of Orang Asli in Malaysia
Authors: Cheng Mui Li , Helen Tan Sui Hong
Published: June 2021

Entrepreneurship is an essential contribution to the economy and development of a nation. This study aims to understand what may motivate Orang Asli to become indigenous entrepreneurs. Using a qualitative approach, this study employs a semi-structured in-depth interview to collect data from ten indigenous entrepreneurs in the tourism business. According to the findings, the Orang Asli are motivated to become indigenous entrepreneurs because of the following reasons: to create job opportunities and income for the community, generate funds for the community, increase demand for tourist activities at their place, personal interest, promote and preserve the culture and lastly improve any negative perceptions towards Orang Asli. This study's findings provide a reference for the relevant authorities to strengthen training or entrepreneurship programs to support Orang Asli in pursuing indigenous entrepreneurial activities in the tourism business.
Modelling Security Perception in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: García Lirios Cruz
Published: June 2021

Security has been a central theme and axis on the public agenda of the countries. It is a phenomenon that the literature has approached from the perspective of the media and the perception of political and social actors, as well as public and private sectors around a common future of security, although new proposals refer to the observation of the asymmetries between the parties involved.
Towards the Sustainable Teaching Quality Through School Culture and Teachers' Commitment using PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Ahmad Abd Rahman , Alzoraiki Mohammed Saied Mohrez
Published: June 2021

Sustainable teachers' commitment is vital to the success of the teaching process. Therefore, highlighting school culture will increase our understanding of how it affects the sustainability of teacher commitment. This paper examines the influence of school culture on teachers' sustainable organizational commitment. A quantitative approach was adopted to distribute the questionnaires. Data have been collected from (n=382) teachers who were randomly chosen as respondents of this study using a self-distributed questionnaire. PLS_SEM was the principal statistical approach suited to examine the hypotheses of the research. The results exposed that school culture positively affects sustainable teachers' commitment and significantly correlated. Therefore, the results offer valuable visions for pedagogical policy-makers on how school culture can clearly redound to sustainable teachers' commitment. This research is unique in that contributes to providing knowledge and literature about school culture and its contribution to the educational context.
Teaching Law to Non-Law Students: The Students Experience
Authors: Khan Hanna Ambaras
Published: June 2021

Law is a must subject in many courses due to its importance. However, law is perceived as a difficult subject and consume a lot of time. This subject needs to be taught in a manner acceptable to the students to attract attention and interest. During Covid-19 pandemic, all learning activities are conducted through online platform. The lecturer need to have good teaching plan in ensuring the students are able to learn and enjoy law subject. In School of Business and Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Business Law (MGM 3352) is one of the law subjects offered to the students. Literature shows that non-law students are having difficulty to learn law. This paper aim to study further on this issue. The objective of this paper are to learn about the business students’ experience of learning law and to study the effectiveness of the method adopted in teaching the subject. This paper adopts qualitative method in collecting data where 3 surveys and 2 short interviews were conducted.  From the findings, the students admitted that law subject is difficult but they like the subject and the students agreed the activities are appropriate and have assisted the in learning and understand the subject.
Credit-worthiness Prediction in Energy-Saving Finance using Machine Learning Model
Authors: Sudarmaji Eka , Achsani Noer Azam , Arkeman Yandra , Fahmi Idqan
Published: June 2021

Companies can form their own "ESCO model" with their capitals. New opportunities that Energy Saving Company (ESCO) can do was to offer PSS business model in the form of Energy Saving Agreement (ESA) or Energy Saving Performance Contract (ESPC), which was known as "saving back arrangement financing." ESCO contracts could free business owners from new upfront investment. Unfortunately, customer's creditworthiness was becoming more crucial for ESCO. Machine learning was used to predict the creditworthiness of clients in ESCO financing processes. This research aimed to develop a scoring model to leverage a machine learning and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) to evaluate alternative financing for Energy Saving in Indonesia. Research from the case studies leads to a clearer understanding of the factors that affect all parties' decisions to implement and continue with their ESCO project. Both considerations, technology, and administration emerge from this case study which greatly influenced the participants to adopt the decision and continue with the ESCO project. In contrast, both parties agreed to solve the credit risk constraints on the project. This study indicates that administration influences were more significant than the technological factor in shaping their decisions.
The Importance of Anthropometric Research to the Malaysian Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Saaludin Nurashikin , Saad Amna , Mason Cordelia
Published: June 2021

The importance of anthropometric research cannot be denied. Anthropometric research is defined as research related to human body measurements. This research is extensively conducted in many fields, such as product design, apparel manufacturing, health and medical care, and forensic research. This paper aims to review the existing articles on the importance of anthropometric research to the Malaysian population and determine how the related research can be further explored. This paper used PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) to retrieve the articles through its identification, screening and eligibility processes. The search for articles related to PRISMA resulted in 15 articles identified through Scopus and Web of Science databases. Articles were grouped based on themes using thematic analysis. The themes were created based on seven perceived benefits of anthropometric research: easy to use, fit, well-being, welfare, safety, work efficiency, and identity verification. Finally, at the end of this paper, several conclusions concerning the importance of anthropometric research for the reference of future scholars were presented.
Mr Characterization of carbofuran-degrading Soil bacteria
Authors: Mustapha Mohammed umar
Published: June 2021

Carbofuran is a broad spectrum carbamate pesticide often used to control pests in the agricultural sector. However, despite its ability to effectively kill the insects in the farms, health associated problems are still been reported due to its higher level of toxicity. The biodegradation is an effective method used for the removal of these compound from the environment since previous methods using a chemical process of degradation prove to be ineffective due to the presence of highly stable bonds. Bacterial strain BRC05 isolated from vegetable plantation area of Cameron Highlands was found to have carbofuran-degrading ability. The morphology and growth at different concentration of carbofuran were studied. The growth of the isolate was evaluated in Carbofuran medium under stable and shaking conditions. The gram-negative motile and rod-shaped BRC05 show good growth on Carbofuran medium after 12 hours of incubation. The optical densities of the isolate was more under shaking condition and differed significantly than under static conditions. There is no significant difference (p>0.05) between growth at 25 and 50 mg/l under static conditions.  At 25 mg/l under shaking condition the insecticide has less effect on the growth of the isolate. It was found that BRC05 could grow well and reach the largest biomass in the medium containing 25 mg/l of carbofuran and could keep active growth even in medium with high concentration of carbofuran 100 mg/l. These showed that the bacteria could grow and remove carbofuran in soils effectively and safely.
CO2 REMOVAL EFFICIENCY FROM NATURAL GAS AT ELEVATED PRESSURE OF PACKED ABSORPTION COLUMN USING POTASSIUM CARBONATE PROMOTED WITH GLYCINE
Authors: MUSTAFA NUR FARHANA AJUA , Mohd Shariff Azmi bin , Tay WeeHorng , Abdul Halim Hairul Nazirah , Mhd Yusof Siti Munirah
Published: June 2021

This article reports the absorption removal efficiency for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from natural gas using an environmental friendly solvent, potassium carbonate promoted with glycine. Recently, CO2 capture using this solvent (with precipitating) was studied by previous researchers. However, the precipitates of the solvent increase the potential of blockage in the packing and piping thus result failure in absorption processes. Therefore, this study focused to assess the CO2 removal efficiency of non-precipitating potassium carbonate promoted with glycine. This green solvent contains aqueous blend of 20 wt% potassium carbonate and 8 wt% glycine. The absorption performance of the solvent was obtained by demonstrated a few experimental works using a bench scale packed absorption column. The packing type was Sulzer metal gauze and the column consisted of six sampling point which located equidistance along the packing The system was running over a range of liquid flow rate 1.81-7.22 m3/m2.h at fixed operating pressure (4 Mpa), CO2 inlet concentration (20%), gas flow rate (33 kmol/m2.h) and solvent temperature (60 . The effect of liquid flow rate was assessed in term of its CO2 removal efficiency and concentration profile along the packing. The study shows the increasing trend of CO2 removal as liquid flow rate increases. Higher liquid/molar flow rate gas (L/G) offers a better absorption performance compared to lower L/G ratio. This study demonstrated the efficient absorption up to 77 % using non-precipitating potassium carbonate promoted with glycine.
GAS CONDENSATE BANKING: A REVIEW OF THE PHENOMENON, ACCUMULATION, MITIGATION METHODS, AND NEW BREAKTHROUGH
Authors: Ganie Kenny , Idris Ahmad Kamal , Mohshim Dzeti Farhah , Wan Sulaiman Wan Rosli
Published: June 2021

This research presents a review related to condensate banking problem by describing the condensate phenomenon; condensate accumulation; current mitigation methods and its limitation. Then a new breakthrough method based on wettability alteration is introduced with an explanation on its mechanism and example of chemicals used. Next, new research ideas using nanoparticles as a wettability alteration agent is presented, and it is believed to be better than the chemical treatment alone as it modifieds the wettability surface from two aspects: surface free energy and surface roughness â€“ while chemical treatment only reduced the surface free energy. In a nutshell, there is a significant gap of study in using nanoparticles as the wettability alteration agent in gas condensate reservoirs.
The Impact of Granular Activated Carbon Coated On The Surface of Cosmo-ball In Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor
Authors: J. Nur Dhamirah Sakinah , M. I. Aida Isma
Published: June 2021

A substantial amount of beverages wastewater from production and the cleaning process that is not treated properly contain high amount of organic substances that will cause an environmental destruction. This research aim to investigate the performance of the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) treating beverages wastewater with (CMBAC) and without activated carbon (CMB). Cosmo balls as an attached growth media placed inside the reactor were coated with granular activated carbon on its surface. 18L of MBBR using cosmo ball was set to operate at hydraulic retention time and flowrate of 8 hours and 1.5 L/hr, respectively. The reactor parameters retained at pH 7 with minimum dissolved oxygen concentration of 2 mg/L. MBBR using CMBAC attained the best result with the highest percentage removal for chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solid of 92.7% and 83.4%, respectively. The efficiency of organic removal in the reactor increase due to the activated carbon absorption.
Integrating Building Information Modelling and Intelligent Contract to Payment Process Under Conventional Procurement in Malaysia
Authors: Salleh Rozana Mohamed , Mustaffa Nur Emma , Abdul Rahiman Nafisah
Published: June 2021

Conflict caused by payment issues are common in construction industry.  A lengthy payment process issue is a common phenomenon especially in public work projects, which commonly opt for conventional contracts.  Delay in payment process have caused many contractors not being able to receive payment within the stipulated time.  In turn, it may affect the contractorâ€™s cash flow and eventually ended up causing delays in project completion. The effect of technological advances has brought significant changes to the construction industry, which is year after year becoming increasingly complex.  Therefore, in the era of technology and digital, there are many management systems which have been established and introduced amongst construction players for the convenience of managing and administering construction projects.  The introduction of Building Information Modelling (BIM) is to establish a centralised information system, which improves the collaboration, communication and integration between interdisciplines in construction industry.  The development of digital technology of Intelligent Contracts will bring great potential as an automate support system in BIM management process.  These combinations create possible solutions towards payment conflicts in the construction project, through integration of BIM and Intelligent Contracts that may help to reduce the unnecessary procedure and interference that prolong the payment process. The analysis revealed that the adoption of BIM and Intelligent Contracts attributes in payment process under conventional procurement could improve the efficiency and reduce the time by eliminating unnecessary procedure and third parties interference along the process.
DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGES IN INDOOR SUBSTATION FOR FAULT MONITORING
Authors: Singkang Lorothy
Published: June 2021

Power Substation is the most important unit in the power system, therefore, the monitoring process must be carried out effectively to detect the operation status of the equipment, and the maintenance is necessary for safe operation. Substation faulty such as Dielectric breakdowns, originating from the insulation degradation is still a major issue in the power system (1â€“3).  Many methods and techniques with intelligence approaches have been developed to provide a better way of fault detection in a substation. However, not many are willing to adopt those techniques by reasoning the high cost of installation and more sensors required to improve localization accuracy (4). Therefore, to reduce cost and increase the speed of detection, this paper presents a 2-element array antenna to perform as a sensor to detect and localize the electric discharges (ED) produced by abnormal radiated electromagnetic activities in substation based on the direction of arriving angle (DOA) received by elements in the array antenna. The radiation patterns obtained were then visualized using software of signal processing based on the normalized Array Factor (AFN). This sensor has shown its efficiency in eliminating the interferer signals at random DOA of  and maximizing the desired signal at DOA of 45Ëš; the identified angle direction from the substation power apparatus.  This sensor has the ability to be steered isotopically and terminate or maximize signals which differ by  or 0.0873 radians of DOAs, simultaneously. Having these abilities allowed this sensor to be a cohesive unit in detecting and localizing the abnormal radiated electromagnetic activities in substation based on the identified DOA thus, make it as a promising preventive approach for substation breakdown and improve the performance in Substation Fault Monitoring.
Plastics: A brief review of its disasters and degradation techniques
Authors: Hassan Sidra
Published: June 2021

This review article focuses on the growth of Platic industry, the disasters caused by it and an overview of degradation mechanisms. Plastics being considered the benign substances came into headlines when their presence was first detected in the food chain. These plastics can persist in the environment for hundreds of years. Degrading these persistant pollutant is of major concern for many scientists across the globe. Incinerating plastics is one option but it has many environmental consequences. Besides, bioremediation is the process that many scientists are interested in, as different microbes has the ability to degrade plastics at different rates. Research is needed to come up with the economical and eco-friendly approaches, fast enough to degrade tons of plastic with minimum effect on the environment. Major concern is not only degrading plastics but also minimizing its use and coming up with alternatives that are not only eco-friendly but also cost effective.
Benefits BIM Infrastructure for Constructor
Authors: BALQES NUR-UL
Published: June 2021

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a major transformation in the construction industry. The construction is among the best solutions to overcome too many problems faced in the construction industry. Conventional construction is associated with two-dimensional (2D)  drawing technology while BIM used three-dimensional (3D) model and each component in the construction process contains detail information. Therefore this study is to collect the previous studies on the benefits of BIM in infrastructure from the perspective of the constructor to view the use of this method. The basic development of BIM for infrastructure is emphasized in this observation. Benefits for the constructor for BIM for infrastructure will be analysed from past research. Through this observation, we have found many benefits for construction on BIM for infrastructure. However, the listed benefits are the most stated in past research. These benefits show that this technology of BIM is the most effective method that been applied in the infrastructure construction industry.
G-JITTER INDUCED MIXED CONVECTION FLOW BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL PLATES WITH NEWTONIAN HEATING
Authors: AMIN WAN NOR ZALEHA , Qasim Muhammad , Shafie Sharidan
Published: June 2021

This article deals with the mixed convection flow between two vertical parallel plates with the effect of g-jitter. Newtonian heating is considered on the left wall of the plate. The governing equations of heat and mass transfer are modelled in the Cartesian coordinate system with the effect of g-jitter. Non-dimensional variables are used to transform the governing equations together with the boundary layer condition. Separation of variables method are applied to provide the exact analytical solutions for the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles. The obtained solutions are computed to produce the graphical results. It is showed that due to an increasing value of wall temperature and thermal conjugate parameter, the fluid temperature increased. As wall concentration increases, the fluid concentration also increased. Meanwhile, the velocity increasing as mixed convection and thermal conjugate parameter increased. Contradict, the velocity decreasing as the value of buoyancy ratio and frequency increased.
The Development of An Interactive Multimedia Model for Studentsâ€™Ability in Teaching
Authors: Susila Heni Rita
Published: June 2021

This study developed and examined an interactive multimedia learning model for higher students. Learning by using technologies such as interactive multimedia has become a trend nowadays. Researcher developed an Instructional multimedia, book and students and lecturer guidance and build learning community at Edmodo to apply this learning model. Based on the result, this learning model was affective in enhancing studentsâ€™ ability especially students of teacher training and education faculty who are prospective teacher.