bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cascaded Controller Design for Switched Reluctance Motor Based on Dung Beetle Optimizer
Authors: Pan Yue , Wei Runtong , Wang Zhichong
Published: June 2024

Due to the strong nonlinearity and large torque ripple of switched reluctance motor, a cascaded fractional order PID sliding mode control system is designed. Considering the difficulty of parameter adjustment caused by the complexity of the system, the optimization technology using dung beetle optimizer is introduced to optimize the designed cascaded controller and control the speed and torque ripple. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed cascaded controller, a control model is built in MATLAB/Simulink, and compared with whale optimization algorithm, particle swarm optimization, sparrow search algorithm to verify the response effect of the cascaded controller. A cascaded double PID controller is also built for comparison to verify the effectiveness of fractional order PID sliding mode controller. The results show that the cascaded fractional order PID sliding mode controller optimized by dung beetle optimizer is better than another cascaded double PID controller, produces the minimum torque ripple, and has better speed response and stability. The torque ripple of motor is suppressed. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Einschränkungen der Mobilität von älteren Verkehrsteilnehmern durch Medikamente, Alkohol und Cannabis
Authors: Bödefeld Theresa , Hartung Benno
Published: June 2024

Viele Grunderkrankungen gehen mit Symptomen einher, die die Fähigkeit, komplexe Aufgaben des Alltags zu lösen, beeinträchtigen können. Hierzu gehört auch die aktive Teilnahme am Straßenverkehr. Das Ziel von Arzneimitteltherapien ist es, sofern keine Heilung möglich ist, die Symptome soweit zu lindern, dass der Patient im Alltag so wenig Einschränkungen wie möglich erfährt. Jedoch haben etwa 20 % der ca. 100.000 in Deutschland zugelassenen Arzneimittel verkehrsrelevante Nebenwirkungen, die die Fahrsicherheit ihrerseits ebenfalls beeinträchtigen können.

So wird davon ausgegangen, dass an jedem 4. Verkehrsunfall die Wirkung eines Arzneimittels zumindest mitursächlich ist und jeder 10. Verkehrstote Psychopharmaka vor Fahrtantritt eingenommen hat. Neben Alkohol und Drogen stehen insbesondere Medikamente aus der Gruppe der Benzodiazepine, Opioide und Antidepressiva im Verdacht, die Fahrsicherheit zu beeinträchtigen. Die Effekte dieser Substanzen auf junge Menschen sind vielfach beschrieben. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit sollen speziell die verkehrsrelevanten (Neben‑)Wirkungen verschiedener Wirkstoffklassen auf betagte Personen ab 65 Jahren dargestellt werden.

Insbesondere Ältere müssen häufig verschiedene Medikamente einnehmen, die aufgrund von Grunderkrankungen anders metabolisiert werden als bei Jüngeren und darüber hinaus interagieren können. Es kann festgestellt werden, dass (1) ältere Personen häufig sensibler auf Substanzen reagieren, (2) nicht alle Vertreter einer Wirkstoffklasse den gleichen Effekt auf die Fahrsicherheit haben und (3) eine pauschale Beurteilung nicht möglich ist, sondern die Wirkungen von weiteren Faktoren, wie zum Beispiel Grunderkrankungen, Therapieregime und Einnahmezeit der Medikation, abhängen.
Rate of oophorectomy in pediatric ovarian torsion: risk factors and change over time
Authors: Ayemoba Joy , Callier Kylie , Johnson Kevin
Published: June 2024

Purpose

The management of ovarian torsion in pediatric patients has evolved over time. Ovarian salvage is currently recommended given concerns for fertility preservation and the low likelihood of malignancy. Studies have shown that the incidence of oophorectomy is higher amongst pediatric surgeons in comparison to gynecologists. Using a national database, this study examined how the surgical management of ovarian torsion has evolved.

Methods

Children with a discharge diagnosis of ovarian torsion (ICD-9 code 620.5, ICD-10 code N835X) and procedure codes for oophorectomy (CCS code 119) were identified within the KID database from 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2016, and 2019. Diagnosis of ovarian pathology was based upon ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes at the time of discharge.

Results

A total of 7008 patients, ages 1–20, had a discharge diagnosis of ovarian torsion. Of those patients, 2,597 (37.1%) were diagnosed with an ovarian cyst, 1560 (22.2%) were diagnosed with a benign ovarian neoplasm, and 30 (0.4%) were diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm. There was a decreased risk of oophorectomy in urban-teaching versus rural hospitals (OR: 0.64, p < 0.001). The rate of oophorectomy has decreased overtime. However, patients with benign or malignant neoplasms were more likely to undergo oophorectomy than those without a diagnosis (OR: 2.03, p < 0.001; 4.82, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The rate of oophorectomy amongst children with ovarian torsion has decreased over time. Yet, despite improvements, oophorectomy is common amongst patients with benign ovarian neoplasms and those treated at rural hospitals. Continued education is needed to optimize patient care in all clinical scenarios.

Level of evidence

IV.
The interplay of intercropping, wildflower strips and weeds in conservation biological control and productivity
Authors: Hatt Séverin , Döring Thomas F.
Published: June 2024

Different diversification practices have the potential to reduce pests and therefore pesticide use. Yet, their integration at the agroecosystem level and the evaluation of their multifunctional effects remain limited. Through a two-year field experiment conducted in Germany, we tested whether associating intercropping (faba bean-wheat, followed by breadseed poppy-barley) with pluriannual wildflower strips strengthens the biological regulation of aphid pests and weeds, and enhances cropping system productivity. The contribution of flowering weeds to conservation biological control was also analysed. Aphid but also predator colonization and predation rates on bean and poppy were consistently lower in intercropping compared to sole cropping. Wildflower strips enhanced aphid predation in bean-wheat intercropping, and further reduced aphid colonization at 10 m distance but not at 20 m in poppy-barley intercropping. Weed biomass was consistently reduced in intercropping compared to sole cropping bean and poppy, and did not significantly affect bean and poppy yields in intercropping. The cover of one flowering weed species, Matricaria recutita, was negatively correlated to aphid colonization and positively correlated to predation rate. Matricaria recutita flowers were also visited more often by predatory hoverflies in plots adjacent to wildflower strips. Finally, land equivalent ratio was consistently higher than 1, and the highest in bean-wheat intercropping associated to wildflower strips. The study demonstrates the benefits of associating wildflower strips to intercropping to strengthen biological control and cropping system productivity. Flowering weeds, maintained at an acceptable level through intercropping, turn out to be relevant functional biodiversity in interacting with wildflower strips for conservation biological control.
Assessing seismic hazard and uncertainty in Büyükçekmece using ground motion simulations
Authors: Süleyman Hakan , Çaktı Eser
Published: June 2024

This study presents a comprehensive seismic hazard assessment for Büyükçekmece, a district in Istanbul, Turkey, situated near the seismically active North Anatolian Fault (NAF). The study utilizes stochastic ground motion simulations with the validated EXSIM algorithm to understand the potential impact of medium to large-magnitude earthquakes (ranging from MW 6.3 to 7.42) on this vulnerable community. The research employs a site-specific approach, considering unique amplification factors for each location. By conducting 50 scenario-based simulations, the study assesses the seismic hazard, highlighting the importance of comprehending variations in ground motion, even when they are small, for a more precise hazard assessment. Furthermore, this study addresses the critical issue of uncertainty, particularly concerning stress parameters and hypocenter locations. The researchers demonstrate that variability in these factors can introduce substantial uncertainty in ground motion predictions. The study provides insights into the range of potential ground motion outcomes through probabilistic assessments involving multiple scenarios and stress drop values. Notably, the results indicate that ground motion levels vary with earthquake magnitudes and underscore the significance of accounting for this variability. This research emphasizes the seismic vulnerability of Büyükçekmece and the importance of accurate ground motion simulations, offering valuable insights for earthquake preparedness and mitigation efforts in the region.
New Generation Carboxyl Functionalized SiO2 Nanocomposite Encapsulated with Nd3+SIP Hydrogen Bonded Organic Framework (Ln3+-HOF) Support for NIR-Luminescence
Authors: Coban Mustafa Burak , Gungor Elif , Acar Yasemin , Subasat Hulya Kara
Published: June 2024

In this study, hydrothermally synthesized {[Nd(SIP)(H2O)4]}n (NdSIP) and carboxylate-modified SiO2 spheres were used to obtain SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites. Different concentrations of NdSIP in the range of 5–15%wt. were used in the hydrothermal synthesis of SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites. NdSIP has been structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. NdSIP and SiO2@NdSIP nanocomposites were characterized using various techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Hirshfeld surface analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), solid-state UV absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.
Comparison of ReCiPe 2016, ILCD 2011, CML-IA baseline and IMPACT 2002+ LCIA methods: a case study based on the electricity consumption mix in Europe
Authors: Rybaczewska-Błażejowska Magdalena , Jezierski Dominik
Published: June 2024

Purpose

The international standards ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 do not specify a single method for the performance of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). As a result, many different LCIA methods have been developed and the choice between them is not always obvious. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to systematically compare the most commonly used multi-impact LCIA methods worldwide to support practitioners in confronting the question of how the choice of LCIA method affects the LCA results.

Methods

Four LCIA methods: ReCiPe 2016, ILCD 2011, CML-IA baseline and IMPACT 2002+ at the midpoint level were applied to compare the environmental profiles of the electricity consumption mix in the EU-27, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, taking into account the electricity consumption mix in individual countries. The results of the impact categories were converted into common metrics using unit conversion factors to allow the comparison of the results in absolute values across LCIA methods.

Results and discussion

In the LCA study, four common LCIA methods were compared across 12 defined midpoint areas of impacts. Results were consistent for climate change and ozone depletion, with the exception of the ReCiPe 2016 method, and acidification and eutrophication, with the exception of the IMPACT 2002+ method. Significant disparities were noted for ozone formation/respiratory organics, particulate matter/respiratory inorganics ecotoxicity and water consumption. The rankings of environmental profiles remained largely consistent across LCIA methods, with only a few exceptions concerning the following midpoint areas of impacts: ozone formation/respiratory organics, ecotoxicity and resource scarcity (minerals). Contribution analysis highlighted the crucial role of only a few key substances in each area.

Conclusions

The methodological choices during LCIA have significant implications for the characterisation results in absolute values, but lead, in most cases, to comparable conclusions on the ranking of environmental profiles of the electricity consumption mix in the EU-27, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. This results from large methodological discrepancies between LCIA methods, concerning, among others, the geographical differentiation (either the European or global context), the scope of the impact categories grouped into the same midpoint area of impacts (for instance eutrophication) and the contribution of specific environmental flows to a given result of the impact category. Consequently, the findings of this research underpin the importance of careful selection of the LCIA method and impact categories, following the goal and scope definition and unique attributes of each method.
Lie symmetry analysis of cubic–quartic optical solitons having cubic–quintic–septic–nonic form of self-phase modulation structure
Authors: Kukkar Akshat , Kumar Sachin , Malik Sandeep , Murad Muhammad Amin Sadiq , Arnous Ahmed H. , Biswas Anjan , Yildirim Yakup , Alshomrani Ali Saleh
Published: June 2024

The present study examines optical solitons characterized by cubic–quartic dynamics and featuring a self-phase modulation structure encompassing cubic, quintic, septal, and nonic terms. Soliton solutions are obtained through Lie symmetry analysis, followed by integration of the resulting ordinary differential equations using Kudryashov’s auxiliary equation method and a hyperbolic function approach. A comprehensive range of optical soliton solutions has been recovered, alongside the revelation of their criteria for existence.
Understanding the heterogeneity in liver hepatocellular carcinoma with a special focus on malignant cell through single-cell analysis
Authors: Bao Mengmeng , Wu Anshi
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer globally and remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths. HCC exhibits significant intra-tumoral and interpatient heterogeneity, impacting treatment efficacy and patient prognosis.

Methods

We acquired transcriptome data from the TCGA and ICGC databases, as well as liver cancer chip data from the GEO database, and processed the data for subsequent analysis. We also obtained single cell data from the GEO database and performed data analysis using the Seurat package. To further investigate epithelial cell subgroups and their copy number variations, we used the Seurat workflow for subgroup classification and the InferCNV software for CNV analysis, utilizing endothelial cells as a reference. Pseudo-time analysis and transcription factor analysis of epithelial cells were performed using the monocle2 and SCENIC software, respectively. To assess intercellular communication, we employed the CellChat package to identify potential ligand-receptor interactions. We also analyzed gene expression differences and conducted enrichment analysis using the limma and clusterProfiler packages. Additionally, we established tumor-related risk characteristics using Cox analysis and Lasso regression, and predicted immunotherapy response using various datasets.

Results

The samples were classified into 23 clusters, with malignant epithelial cells being the majority. Trajectory analysis revealed the differentiation states of the malignant epithelial cells, with cluster 1 being in the terminal state. Functional analysis revealed higher aggressiveness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) scores in cluster 1, indicating a higher propensity for metastasis. RBP4+ tumor cells were highly enriched with hypoxia process and intensive cell-to-cell communication. A prognostic model was established, and immune infiltration analysis showed increased infiltration in the high-risk group. TP53 demonstrated significant differences in mutation rate between the two risk groups. Validation analysis confirmed the up-regulation of model genes, including AKR1B10, ARL6IP4, ATP6V0B, and BSG in tumor tissues.

Conclusion

A prognostic model was established based on HCC malignant cell associated gene signature, displaying decent prognosis guiding effectiveness in the multiple cohorts. The study provided comprehensive insights into the heterogeneity and potential therapeutic targets of LIHC.
Engaging with Conspiracy Believers
Authors: Douglas Karen M. , Sutton Robbie M. , Biddlestone Mikey , Green Ricky , Toribio-Flórez Daniel
Published: June 2024

Conspiracy theories abound in social and political discourse, believed by millions of people around the world. In this article, we highlight when it is important to engage with people who believe in conspiracy theories and review recent literature highlighting how best to do so. We first summarise research on the potentially damaging consequences of conspiracy beliefs for individuals, including consequences related to psychopathology. We also focus on the consequences for groups, and societies, and the importance of understanding and addressing conspiracy beliefs. We then review recent literature on how to engage with people who believe in conspiracy theories, specifically with the goal to reduce susceptibility to conspiracy theories and other types of misinformation. We focus on interpersonal strategies to communicate with individuals who believe in conspiracy theories, and large-scale strategies designed to reduce conspiracy beliefs within broader communities.
Treatment of crude oil-polluted water using CoFe2O4-doped mango (Mangifera indica) seed shell composite
Authors: Asadu Christian O. , Ujah Chika Oliver , Ekwueme Benjamin Nnamdi , Ezema Chinonso Anthony , Onah Thomas O. , Makhkamov Trobjon , Aka Christian Chikezie , Ugwele Franklin O. , Onu Chijioke Elijah
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the potential of cobalt ferrite-doped mango seed shell (CoFe2O4-MSS) as an innovative and eco-friendly approach for the treatment of crude oil-polluted water. CoFe2O4-MSS was synthesized by impregnating carbonized mango seed shell with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles through thermal precipitation. The study systematically evaluated the adsorption capacity, kinetics, and isotherm behavior of the developed material using standard equations. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the cobalt ferrite-doped mango seed shell in adsorbing crude oil components, with high removal efficiency of 98.3% at 80 °C after 50 min. The crystallite sizes of raw mango seed shell and CoFe2O4-MSS are 31.8 nm and 21.3 nm, respectively. The calculated adsorption capacity stood at 55.50 mg/g, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of CoFe2O4-MSS was 1007.4m2/g with a porosity distribution of 1.685 $$\eta$$
η
while the volume and pore diameter are 3.104m3/g and 7.212 nm, respectively. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of aliphatic, aromatic, and silicon compounds. The isotherm data matched well with Langmuir isotherm model while kinetic data fitted well with Bhattacharya–Venkobachar model. The unique properties of cobalt ferrite, a magnetic and iron-based material, combined with the abundant and biodegradable nature of mango seed shells, make this composite an attractive adsorbent for removing crude oil contaminants. This research contributes to the development of sustainable and cost-effective solutions for addressing environmental challenges posed by crude oil pollution. Also, this research has contributed immensely to the sustainable development goals of the united nation (UN-SDG) regarding environmental protection.
No Such Thing as Containment? Gene Drives for Conservation and the (Im)possibility of an Island
Authors: Boersma Keje , Bovenkerk Bernice , Ludwig David
Published: June 2024

This article explores the use of islands as tools of geographical and intellectual containment - or what we call “islanding” - in the scientific and policy literature about gene drive technologies in conservation. In the first part of the article, we explore the narrative of contained gene drive use on islands and discuss how it juggles notions of localness and localization of gene drives and their (test) releases. We question the possibility and narrative of containing the spread of gene drives technologically or geographically, and argue that the gene drives for conservation literature strategically combines contradictory and reductive understandings of islands and containment. The second part of the article is devoted to reflection on nonlocal concerns about gene drives and the possibility of local gene drive decisions. We argue that attempts to legitimize local gene drives through local decision-making evade normative concerns about their nonlocalizability and risk instrumentalizing local communities for nonlocal agendas. Our overarching conceptual aim is therefore to open up a domain of thinking around the possibility of demarcation in our world – of our political, normative decisions, and of our reality – and to argue for the vital importance of reflection on this possibility in technological decision-making.
Higher early than late-season residue load of pesticides in honey bee bread in Slovakia
Authors: Staroň Martin , Alkassab Abdulrahim T. , Sabo Rastislav , Demková Lenka , Valenčáková Alexandra , Michalko Miloslav , Legáth Jaroslav , Pistorius Jens , Sabová Lucia
Published: June 2024

Bees are often exposed to pesticide residues during their foraging trips in agricultural landscapes. The analysis of in-hive stored pollen reflects the spectrum of visited plants and can be almost used to link the exposure to pesticides.In the current study, bee bread samples were collected in May and July from 17 sites located in southern Slovakia. Samples were analysed using a multi-residue pesticide analysis method for a broad spectrum of active substances and microscopic for pollen identification.Our results revealed a bee bread contamination with 19 different active substances, with fungicides being predominant. Sixteen of them are authorized in the EU, but chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and chloridazon are not. The highest concentrations for pendimethalin (1400 µg/kg), fluazifop-butyl (640 µg/kg), fenpropidin (520 µg/kg), fluopyram (130 µg/kg), and difenoconazole (95 µg/kg) were detected. The total residue load in bee bread sampled in the early season (May) was significantly higher than in the late season (July). The mean residue load of insecticides analysed in July comprised 46% of May’s load, which is alarming due to the importance of bee bread in the diet for winter-rearing bees. Moreover, results from both sampling periods showed that fungicides were positively associated with plant families Apiaceae and Papaveraceae and herbicides with Aceraceae, Salicaceae, and Brassica-type/Brassicaceae.Hence, bee bread can be considered a suitable matrix and a good bio-indicator reflecting honey bee exposure to pesticides over the season.
Impact of pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Italy: a patient-based survey
Authors: Santoro Antonio , Gibertoni Dino , Ambrosini Andrea , De Ferrari Maria Elisabetta , Vanacore Giuseppe
Published: June 2024

Background

Itching is an annoying symptom which afflicts patients with chronic renal failure. We aimed to assess the impact and patient’s perception and experience of itching in the dialysis population in Italy.

Methods

A questionnaire was developed by the National Hemodialysis and Dialysis Association of Italy (ANED) and administered to 996 hemodialysis recipients across 153 Italian dialysis centers. The main outcomes investigated by the questionnaire were patients’ satisfaction on answers regarding the nature of itching; continuing to talk about itching with the nephrologist; beliefs about resolution of itching.

Results

A total of 1903 patients from 153 centers responded to the questionnaire. Patients who responded had a mean age of 67.9 ± 13.8 years (63.9% male) and were stratified by itch discomfort graded as mild (35.9%), moderate (29.6%), and severe (34.4%). Severe itching disrupted patients' daily lives, strained their relationships, caused anxiety, and diminished their quality of life. Patients with severe itch were more likely to talk about it with dialysis staff and to undertake dermatological visits. However, only 18.0% of patients reporting severe itching found the clinicians' responses satisfactory, compared to 49.1% of mild itch patients. Those who continued talking to nephrologists about itching received more satisfactory response. However, 40.8% believed itching could not be alleviated and were less likely to discuss it with nephrologists.

Conclusions

There is an intricate relationship between the severity of itching, patient perceptions, and healthcare communication among hemodialysis patients. A substantial proportion of patients experiencing severe itching expressed feelings of resignation, highlighting the pressing need for enhanced clinician-patient communication.

Graphical Abstract
Petrology and association of rare earth elements in magmatically altered high-ash coal of Indian origin
Authors: Banerjee Riya , Chakladar Saswati , Kumar Alok , Chattopadhyay Shyamal Kumar , Chakravarty Sanchita
Published: June 2024

The extraction of valuables from waste has gained momentum. Thermal influence alters both the organic and inorganic components of coal. Insufficient knowledge on the association of rare earth elements (REEs) with the parent matrix of thermally altered high-ash coals (63% ash) limits the potential for such coals being utilized for isolation of valuables. In this study, we analyzed the distribution and occurrence modes of REEs within a magmatically altered high-ash coal via nine-step sequential extraction, combining Tessier and BCR methods. The total concentration of REEs in the coal sample, on whole coal basis, was found to be 820 ppm, which is significantly higher than the world average. Major mineral oxides were deduced to be those of Si, Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, and Ti. Sequential extraction confirmed that about 66% of HREE and 25% of LREE were included in the residual fraction. LREEs were concluded to be primarily in ionic form, whereas HREEs were speculated to be associated with the TiO2 phase. XRD analyses showed that thermal alteration affected the dolomite phase specifically, which selectively got removed where carbonate-bound elements were assessed. Petrographic analysis supported the magmatic influence and demonstrated the presence of mosaic structures and pores containing unfused vitrinite, with a reflectance value of 3.6. To summarize, the present study pertaining to delineation of association of valuables in high-ash heat-altered coals from an Eastern coalfield in India can potentially open up new avenues for utilizing such coals, which are otherwise considered waste.
Analyzing Healthcare Processes with Incremental Process Discovery: Practical Insights from a Real-World Application
Authors: Schuster Daniel , Benevento Elisabetta , Aloini Davide , van der Aalst Wil M. P.
Published: June 2024

Most process mining techniques are primarily automated, meaning that process analysts input information and receive output. As a result, process mining techniques function like black boxes with limited interaction options for analysts, such as simple sliders for filtering infrequent behavior. Recent research tries to break these black boxes by allowing process analysts to provide domain knowledge and guidance to process mining techniques, i.e., hybrid intelligence. Especially, in process discovery—a critical type of process mining—interactive approaches emerged. However, little research has investigated the practical application of such interactive approaches. This paper presents a case study focusing on using incremental and interactive process discovery techniques in the healthcare domain. Though healthcare presents unique challenges, such as high process execution variability and poor data quality, our case study demonstrates that an interactive process mining approach can effectively address these challenges.

Graphical Abstract
Control of coptis root rot by combination of Bacillus cereus isolate Y9 and other antagonistic microorganisms
Authors: Mei Pengying , Dou Tao , Song Xuhong , Li Longyun
Published: June 2024

Root rot is a destructive soil-borne disease of Coptis chinensis, which depends on chemical control at present, and more attention should be paid to biocontrol of disease. In the present research, isolate Y9 isolated from healthy root samples of Coptis, was identified as Bacillus cereus. Further screening and pot experiments showed that B. cereus isolate Y9 inhibited the growth of the main causal agents of coptis root rot disease (Fusarium solani and F. avenaceum) and seven other phytopathogenic fungi. The application of B. cereus isolate Y9 and compatible Trichoderma harzianum, T. atroviride and B. amyloliquefaciens, singly and in combination were found to be effective against Fusarium root rot in vitro and in field experiments. In field experiments, combinations of T. harzianum + B. amyloliquefaciens + Y9 (HYJ, in ratio of 1:1:1) showed the highest control efficacy of 63.85%, which was higher than the expected value (53.18%), indicating synergistic effect on the control of coptis root rot. Therefore, B. cereus isolate Y9 may be a potential biological control agent, and combined use with T. harzianum and B. amyloquefaciens offered even greater potential. The long-term effects of isolate B. cereus Y9 and its combinations on C. chinensis should be assessed in different locations and seasons in the future.
Alternating direction method of multipliers based distributed energy scheduling of grid connected microgrid by considering the demand response
Authors: Pothireddy Krishna Mohan Reddy , Vuddanti Sandeep
Published: June 2024

Global warming, environmental degradation, clean energy production, intermittent, volatile, and unpredictable renewable energy sources (RES’s), occasional peak demand on the system necessitates energy management (EM). Demand response (DR) programs in the distribution network can be seen as one of the foundation stones in the future of EM. This article illustrates the need for EM using DR, its benefits, types of loads, clustering techniques, price-based demand response (PBDR) etc. To accomplish the EM goals and to attain the economic benefit, DR employs peak shifting, peak clipping, valley filling and load growth. However, the accumulation of large loads at low electricity prices creates local peaks, this phenomenon is referred to as payback or rebound effect (RE). The occurrence of RE at low price zone heightens the volatility of market clearing price (MCP) and the operational cost of the microgrid. Inherently, the scheduled inelastic consumers at low price zone suffer from increased MCP and therefore, the total consumer tariff (TCT). The occurrence of RE depends on the load curve, peak to average ratio, electricity price and the percentage of interruptible loads present in the system. Unclear pricing methods impede the participation of customers in DR events. Moreover, majority of techniques presented in literature are of centralized frameworks that needs complex communication technologies. To fill these glitches the proposed work uses a simple distributed scheduling approach based on alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to alleviate the energy management using an IEEE-18 bus system. The load factor increases from 0.79 to 0.83. Using DR lowers the peak power demand on the MG from 82 to 78 kW without compromising customer comfort or satisfaction. The TCT was lowered from scenario 1 to scenario 4 from 3058 to 2254 euros. The system's average demand dropped from 65.54 kW to 64.8 kW. IEEE-33 bus system was considered to assess the impact of RE on the MCP and TCT. Additionally, the marginal generator provides 72.51 kW of electricity in sub case 3 and 166.26 kW of power in sub case 2. Due to a decrease in power dispatch from the marginal generator, TCT increased from sub case 2 to sun case 3 by 11,046.41 rupees to 12,912.75 rupees. In contrast, TOC decreased from 6495.45 rupees to 6150.75 rupees from sub case 2 to sun case 3.
Unravelling the economic impact of climate change in Vietnam's Mekong River Delta and Southeast region
Authors: Hai Do Huu , Nam Vu Quynh , Samadhiya Ashutosh , Kumar Anil , Gupta Sumit , Jagtap Sandeep
Published: June 2024

Vietnam faces a heightened susceptibility to natural disasters stemming from climate change, yet the impact of these disasters varies markedly across its regions. Consequently, it is imperative to scrutinize the climatic factors affecting the regional economy, with a particular dearth of research addressing the nexus between natural threats and the economies of the Mekong River Delta and the Southeast region of Vietnam. The primary objective is to investigate how temperature fluctuations, rising sea levels, storms, and forest fires can detrimentally affect agriculture, forestry, and infrastructure in these regions. The present research uses the secondary data from Vietnam's General Statistics Office and the German Agency for International Cooperation. Employing quantitative analysis, the study endeavours to assess and compare the influence of climate change elements on the economic trajectories of the Mekong River Delta and the Southeast region. The findings reveal that the Mekong River Delta is disproportionately impacted by economic losses attributed to rising sea levels when juxtaposed with other regions in Vietnam. Firstly, the escalating sea levels significantly jeopardize residential and agricultural land in the Mekong River Delta (1). Secondly, while wildfires inflict damage on forestry in both the Mekong River Delta and the Southeast area, their overall impact is deemed negligible (2). Thirdly, the study ascertains that houses in the Mekong River Delta and the Southeast region remain relatively unscathed by storms (3). However, it is noted that specific storms have inflicted substantial damage on both regions (4). In light of these findings, future research should delve deeper into the analysis of storm risks in the Mekong River Delta and the Southeast region. Such insights are crucial for enhancing our understanding of the vulnerabilities and devising effective strategies to mitigate the economic repercussions of climate change in these pivotal areas.
Advanced fault detection technique of three phase induction motor: comprehensive review
Authors: Bahgat B. Hafez , Elhay Enas A. , Elkholy Mahmoud M.
Published: June 2024

Delving into fault diagnosis techniques for electrical machines, this comprehensive review focuses on three-phase induction motors. It covers various fault types including eccentricity, broken rotor bars, and bearing faults, discussing techniques such as Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA), partial discharge testing, and AI-based approaches. Providing insights into fault detection mechanisms, it emphasizes early identification for optimal machine performance and reliability. With a detailed examination of both traditional and advanced methods, the review serves as a valuable resource for practitioners and researchers in the field, facilitating informed decision-making for maintenance strategies and enhancing machine efficiency.
Optimizing substrate moisture content for enhanced larval survival and growth performance in Hermetia illucens: exploring novel approaches
Authors: Frooninckx L. , Broeckx L. , Goossens S. , Wuyts A. , Van Miert S.
Published: June 2024

Insects are receiving a lot of attention as an alternative protein source, especially the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens. This insect is of particular interest due to its potential as a waste converter as it can be grown on low-value organic substrates, such as agricultural side-streams, manure and decomposing materials. It’s capacity to turn low-value biomass into high-quality protein provide new opportunities in organic waste management. Unfortunately, rearing of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) does not run efficiently on most substrates. Several parameters influence the rearing efficiency of BSFL. One of the parameters that is often overlooked is the moisture content of the substrate and the physical properties, such as water release/holding, associated with it. In this study the water release properties of 3 BSFL feeds, each at a dry matter content ranging from 10 to 90%, were investigated using 4 different methods, being water release by (1) filtration, (2) sedimentation, (3) syneresis and (4) centrifugation. Rearing of BSFL on the substrates with different dry matter content showed that water release influences larval performance and survival. Moreover, correlating survival to water release indicated that when substrates are hydrated to the minimum dry matter content, at which no water release is measured by the sedimentation method, the highest BSFL survival can be achieved for that substrate. In addition, a standardised method for determining the most optimal dry matter content of substrates based on substrate water holding capacity was developed.
Unveiling the green dialogue: advancements in omics technologies for deciphering plant–microbe interactions in soil
Authors: Bhimani Priyanka , Mahavar Parul , Rajguru Bhumi , Bhatt Vaibhav D. , Nathani Neelam M. , Shri Manju
Published: June 2024

The complex interactions that exist between soil bacteria and plants have a significant impact on agricultural sustainability. These relationships, which can be pathogenic or symbiotic, are essential to comprehending and improving the health and productivity of plants. It has not been possible to fully understand the intricacies of these relationships using traditional methodologies. But the development of multi-omics technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics—along with next-generation sequencing has completely changed our capacity to analyze and comprehend the dynamics between plants and microbes. With an emphasis on the use of various omics techniques, this brief overview investigates the complex mechanisms governing the interactions between microorganisms and plants. Researchers can create detailed interaction networks and identify regulatory pathways by combining multi-omics data. These revelations shed important light on the interactions, symbiosis, and disease that occur between microorganisms and plants. In the end, understanding these complex interactions has a great deal of potential to advance sustainable agricultural methods and guarantee global food security in the face of environmental difficulties.
Strengths-Based Resilience
Authors: Rashid Tayyab , Gillham Jane , Anjum Afroze
Published: June 2024

Help your clients and students use their strengths to build resilience

Evidence-based
Strengths-based
Skills that clients can integrate into daily life
Clearly structured modules

More about the book
In a world full of stress and uncertainty, educators and clinicians are pivotal in fostering resilience—the capacity to thrive amid life's challenges. Strengths-Based Resilience: A Practitioner’s Manual for the SBR Program offers more than mere knowledge; it is a practical guide for embarking on a transformative journey. This book empowers readers to teach resilience skills that help people grow and flourish.
Integrating scientific insights with the art of applied practice, this manual draws from the trio of positive psychology, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and mindfulness. With 14 carefully designed modules, facilitators can translate theoretical principles into actionable steps that help participants navigate life's obstacles with agility and cultivate an approach to life that harnesses and honors their personal strengths.
The SBR program helps to realize a future where resentment gives way to appreciation, connections are strengthened through positive interactions, and families and communities collaborate for the collective good.
This color-illustrated manual is an essential resource for mental health practitioners and educators aiming to help craft a more resilient world for tomorrow. A separate companion workbook is available for clients.
A separate companion workbook is available for clients.
Strengths-Based Resilience Workbook
Authors: Rashid Tayyab , Gillham Jane , Louden Ruth , Anjum Afroze
Published: June 2024

Learn how to build resilience by using your strengths

A tried and tested 14-module positive psychology program
Learn skills you can integrate into daily life
Clearly structured
Full of resources and activities

More about the book
In a world full of stress and uncertainty, pursuing resilience becomes increasingly important. The Strengths-Based Resilience Workbook shows you how to tap into your natural capacity to navigate life's challenges and thrive.
The Strengths-Based Resilience program, rooted in rigorous science and enriched by the practical insights of positive psychology, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and mindfulness, comprises 14 meticulously designed modules that steer a course toward resilience. You will acquire skills to build and harness your strengths, increasing your ability to deal with everyday challenges and pursue meaningful goals.
The program helps you to envision a world where irritation gives way to gratitude, where each interaction plants the seeds for closer relationships, and where the quest for individual purpose evolves into a collective journey. With clear instructions and a comprehensive list of resources, this workbook can be your steadfast companion on the path to resilience. It invites you to document your progress across 14 unique topics, each supplemented by hands-on practices.
As you work through each module, you'll experience a fulfilling learning process and a personally rewarding transformation, converting the abstract concept of resilience into practical, actionable skills. Use this workbook as your guide for shaping a more resilient self and, consequently, a more resilient world.
To the Strengths-Based Resilience manual
Constraints and Drivers of Dissolved Fluxes of Pyrogenic Carbon in Soil and Freshwater Systems: A Global Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Abney R. B. , Barnes M. E. , Moss A. , Santos F.
Published: June 2024

Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is a significant component of the global soil carbon pool due to its longer environmental persistence than other soil organic matter components. Despite PyC's persistence in soil, recent work has indicated that it is susceptible to loss processes such as mineralization and leaching, with the significance and magnitude of these largely unknown at the hillslope and watershed scales. We present a review of the work concerning dissolved PyC transport in soil and freshwater. Our analysis found that the primary environmental controls on dissolved PyC (dPyC) transport are the formation conditions and quality of the PyC itself, with longer and higher temperature charring conditions leading to less transport of dPyC. While correlations between dPyC and dissolved organic carbon in rivers and other pools are frequently reported, the slope of these correlations was pool‐dependent (i.e., soil‐water, precipitation, lakes, streams, rivers), suggesting site‐specific environmental controls. However, the lack of consistency in analytical techniques and sample preparation remains a major challenge to quantifying environmental controls on dPyC fluxes. We propose that future research should focus on the following: (a) consistency in methodological approaches, (b) more quantitative measures of dPyC in pools and fluxes from soils to streams, (c) turnover times of dPyC in soils and aquatic systems, and (d) improved understanding of how mechanisms controlling the fate of dPyC in dynamic post‐fire landscapes interact. With more refined quantitative information about the controls on dPyC transport at the hillslope and landscape scale, we can increase the accuracy and utility of global carbon models.
Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Fan Xiaoting , Yang Meilin , Lang Yating , Lu Shangwei , Kong Zhijuan , Gao Ying , Shen Ning , Zhang Dongdong , Lv Zhimei
Published: June 2024

Diabetic kidney disease, known as a glomerular disease, arises from a metabolic disorder impairing renal cell function. Mitochondria, crucial organelles, play a key role in substance metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP. Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming as a compensatory mechanism to fulfill energy needs for survival and growth, attracting scholarly attention in recent years. Studies indicate that mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming significantly influences the pathophysiological progression of DKD. Alterations in kidney metabolism lead to abnormal expression of signaling molecules and activation of pathways, inducing oxidative stress-related cellular damage, inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and autophagy irregularities, culminating in renal fibrosis and insufficiency. This review delves into the impact of mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming on DKD pathogenesis, emphasizing the regulation of metabolic regulators and downstream signaling pathways. Therapeutic interventions targeting renal metabolic reprogramming can potentially delay DKD progression. The findings underscore the importance of focusing on metabolic reprogramming to develop safer and more effective therapeutic approaches.
VHL suppresses UBE3B-mediated breast tumor growth and metastasis
Authors: Wang Shuo , Li Huiyan , Liu Xiong , Yin Tingting , Li Tingru , Zheng Miaomiao , Liu Min , Meng Xiaoqian , Zhou Jun , Wang Yijie , Chen Yan
Published: June 2024

Protein homeostasis is predominantly governed through post-translational modification (PTM). UBE3B, identified as an oncoprotein, exhibits elevated protein levels in breast cancer. However, the impact of PTM on UBE3B remains unexplored. In this study, we show that VHL is a bona fide E3 ligase for UBE3B. Mechanistically, VHL directly binds to UBE3B, facilitating its lysine 48 (K48)-linked polyubiquitination at K286 and K427 in a prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)-independent manner. Consequently, this promotes the proteasomal degradation of UBE3B. The K286/427R mutation of UBE3B dramatically abolishes the inhibitory effect of VHL on breast tumor growth and lung metastasis. Additionally, the protein levels of UBE3B and VHL exhibit a negative correlation in breast cancer tissues. These findings delineate an important layer of UBE3B regulation by VHL.
Projected loss of brown macroalgae and seagrasses with global environmental change
Authors: Manca Federica , Benedetti-Cecchi Lisandro , Bradshaw Corey J. A. , Cabeza Mar , Gustafsson Camilla , Norkko Alf M. , Roslin Tomas V. , Thomas David N. , White Lydia , Strona Giovanni
Published: June 2024

Although many studies predict extensive future biodiversity loss and redistribution in the terrestrial realm, future changes in marine biodiversity remain relatively unexplored. In this work, we model global shifts in one of the most important marine functional groups—ecosystem-structuring macrophytes—and predict substantial end-of-century change. By modelling the future distribution of 207 brown macroalgae and seagrass species at high temporal and spatial resolution under different climate-change projections, we estimate that by 2100, local macrophyte diversity will decline by 3–4% on average, with 17 to 22% of localities losing at least 10% of their macrophyte species. The current range of macrophytes will be eroded by 5–6%, and highly suitable macrophyte habitat will be substantially reduced globally (78–96%). Global macrophyte habitat will shift among marine regions, with a high potential for expansion in polar regions.