bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining the impact of opioid substitution therapy upon mortality and recidivism among prisoners: A 22 year data linkage study
Authors: Gisev Natasa , Larney Sarah , Kimber Jo , Burns Lucy , Weatherburn Don
Published: January 2024

Prisoners experience high rates of drug dependence, health problems and premature mortality. Without intervention, they often come into further contact with the criminal justice system, creating further health risk. Opioid dependence is common among prisoners, yet treatment with opioid substitution therapy (OST) may reduce or prevent morbidity, mortality and offending. Using retrospective data linkage, this study evaluated engagement with treatment, patterns of offending, incarceration and mortality among opioid-dependent people who received OST in New South Wales, Australia between 1985 and 2010. The results highlight that the prison setting provides an important opportunity to engage people in OST. Notably, OST treatment in prison and immediately post-release was found to be highly protective against mortality both while incarcerated and after release. Considering some of the known benefits of OST, this study provides strong evidence to support the value of OST programs within the criminal justice system.
Domestic violence typologies: What value to practice?
Authors: Boxall Hayley , Rosevear Lisa , Payne Jason
Published: January 2024

Over the last few decades, understandings of the nature and causes of domestic violence have increased in sophistication. This has been influenced by, and led to, an influx of domestic violence typologies that have attempted to identify differences between groups of offenders and victims based on factors ranging from physiological reactions to specific stimuli through to historical experiences of violence and abuse. While this research has been of undeniable conceptual and theoretical value, its applicability to the day-to-day work of domestic violence practitioners is less clear. This study represents one of the first attempts to speak directly to professionals about how domestic violence typologies inform their everyday decision making and case practice.
Homelessness and housing stress among police detainees: Results from the DUMA program
Authors: Payne Jason , Macgregor Sarah , McDonald Hayley
Published: January 2024

It is generally accepted that a person’s living situation, in particular their experience of homelessness and housing stress, can have both long-lasting and wide-ranging consequences. For criminal justice practitioners, the task of limiting homelessness and preventing crime remain key policy priorities in need of ongoing and integrated research. This paper provides a much needed examination of homelessness and housing stress among Australia’s criminal justice population. Using data from the AIC’s Drug Use Monitoring in Australia program, this study examines the prevalence and nature of homelessness among a sample of police detainees. It is the first of its kind to examine a broader range of homelessness experiences and the reasons why some offenders have few choices but to ‘sleep rough’ or seek accommodation support. Importantly, the authors estimate that 22 percent of the detainee population is homeless or experiencing housing stress in some form; much higher than has been previously estimated. This research reaffirms the need for intensive accommodation support services to complement criminal justice responses to crime and those who have contact with the criminal justice system.
Identifying first-time family violence perpetrators: The usefulness and utility of categorisations based on police offence records
Authors: Boxall Hayley , Rosevear Lisa , Payne Jason
Published: January 2024

The benefits associated with focusing strategies and interventions on family violence offenders early in their offending careers are well established. Yet accurately identifying first-time family violence perpetrators is difficult because of the high under-reporting of family violence. This study involved the analysis of police narratives completed for first-time family violence perpetrators, as identified through police offence records to determine their accuracy in identifying first-time family violence offenders. The findings demonstrate that a reliance on the use of police offence record information in isolation may lead to many ‘false negatives’ and a failure to identify recidivist offenders who may reduce the effectiveness of tailored intervention programs. The use of multiple sources of data and better use of police narratives within offence records are recommended as ways to more accurately distinguish between first-time offenders and recidivist offenders.
Data reduction and data mining framework for digital forensic evidence: Storage, intelligence, review and archive
Authors: Quick Darren , Choo Kim-Kwang
Published: January 2024

The volume of digital forensic evidence is rapidly increasing, leading to large backlogs. In this paper, a Digital Forensic Data Reduction and Data Mining Framework is proposed. Initial research with sample data from South Australia Police Electronic Crime Section and Digital Corpora Forensic Images using the proposed framework resulted in significant reduction in the storage requirements—the reduced subset is only 0.196 percent and 0.75 percent respectively of the original data volume. The framework outlined is not suggested to replace full analysis, but serves to provide a rapid triage, collection, intelligence analysis, review and storage methodology to support the various stages of digital forensic examinations. Agencies that can undertake rapid assessment of seized data can more effectively target specific criminal matters. The framework may also provide a greater potential intelligence gain from analysis of current and historical data in a timely manner, and the ability to undertake research of trends over time.
Same-sex intimate partner homicide in Australia
Authors: Gannoni Alexandra , Cussen Tracy
Published: January 2024

While there is a sizable body of research on intimate partner homicide in general, there has been limited focus on intimate partner homicide involving people in same-sex relationships. The present study, one of the first of its kind, uses data from the National Homicide Monitoring Program (NHMP) within a context of national and international research to describe what is known about the trends and key characteristics of same-sex intimate partner homicide in Australia. An analysis is provided of the similarities and differences between same-sex and opposite-sex intimate partner homicide incidents, including identification of some of the factors associated with these incidents. Consideration is also given to the role of sexual discrimination and marginalisation in same-sex intimate partner homicide.
Rezension von: Erlekamm, Klaus, Backnanger Sternstunden
Authors: Trefz Bernhard , Erlekamm Klaus
Published: January 2024

Klaus Erlekamm: Backnanger Sternstunden. 50 Jahre Heimat- und Kunstverein Backnang e.V. im Helferhaus. 25 Jahre Kulturzentrum Stiftshof. Backnang: Selbstverlag des Autors 2018. 242 S., zahlr. Abb.
Alman Ceza Hukukunda Suç Örgütü Kavramı: Güncel Gelişmelerin Işığında
Authors: Arslan Mehmet
Published: January 2024

With an amendment to the German Criminal Code in 2017, the concept of association was defined in § 129 (2) of the Criminal Code. The implications of the new legal definition continue to be the subject of debates. The focus of discussions revolves around the organizational and interest elements of the association. There is broad consensus that the new definition has expanded the scope of the offense of forming a criminal association under § 129 (1) of the Criminal Code. In this context, the significance of exceptions, regulated in § 129 f. 3 of the Criminal Code, which restrict the scope of § 129 (1), has also increased. In its latest version, § 129 of the Criminal Code is being scrutinized in relation to some members of the group "Last Generation," which advocates for climate protection, as investigations under § 129 of the Criminal Code have been initiated. This contribution addresses the scope of the new concept of association in § 129 (1) of the Criminal Code in connection with the investigations initiated against the members of the mentioned group. For this purpose, it is first examined whether the "Last Generation" qualifies as an association within the meaning of § 129 (2) of the Criminal Code and, if so, whether it constitutes a criminal association under § 129 (1) of the Criminal Code. Subsequently, the question is explored as to whether the commission of criminal offenses for the "Last Generation" is only an activity of subordinate importance under § 129 (3) No. 2 of the Criminal Code.
Alman Ceza Hukukunda Suç ve Terör Örgütü Oluşturma Suçları Arasındaki Benzerlikler ve Farklılıklar
Authors: Arslan Mehmet
Published: January 2024

In German criminal law, a common notion of association applies to both the formation of a criminal organization and the formation of a terrorist organization (§ 129 para. 1 StGB). Both types of associations fundamentally differ in their purposes. If the purpose or activities of an association are directed towards the commission of crimes punishable by imprisonment of at least two years, it constitutes a criminal organization. In contrast, for an association to be considered as terrorist, its purpose or activities must be directed at least towards the commission of certain catalog offenses. No differences exist when it comes to the alternative actions (such as founding, participating as a member, or supporting) required by the law for the formation of a criminal or terrorist organization. Both offenses can be committed not only in relation to organizations whose structure is located in Germany but also, according to § 129b StGB, to organizations whose structure is located abroad. There is considerable controversy over the conditions under which these offenses can be committed in connection with foreign organizations.
Terör Suçlarında Zorunluluk Hâli
Authors: Kangal Zeynel T.
Published: January 2024

The subject of the presentation is the applicability of the state of necessity, which is regulated in the 2nd paragraph of Article 25 of the Turkish Penal Code and whose legal nature is very controversial in the doctrine, in terror offences. In particular, it is common for people who are confronted with the terrorist organization's methods based on force and threat to act in accordance with the will of the members of the organization. As a result of the pressure and threat environment created by the terrorist organization in certain regions, the people of the region may commit terror offences desired by the organization or help the organization. In situations where there is no possibility of recourse to state institutions, or even if there is, no effective protection is provided, the individual may be forced to submit to the demands of the terrorist organization. Thus, in many cases, a person is forced to choose between staying alive and committing a terror offense, and often chooses the latter. For example, providing food, clothing and shelter to members of the organization, participating in meetings and demonstrations in favor of the organization, and even becoming a member of the organization may be due to the fear arising from the power created by the terrorist organization. In essence, our presentation will examine and evaluate the conditions of the state of necessity through these and similar examples and try to reach a conclusion.
Almanya’da PKK’nın ve Bu Örgütle Bağlantısı Olan Oluşumların Terör Örgütü Olarak Kabulü Bağlamındaki Uygulamaların Tespit ve Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Dursun Selman , Demirel Muhammed
Published: January 2024

In our study, firstly, the nature of the PKK and the organization of the PKK operating in Europe have been emphasized in German court decisions. In addition, how the criminal responsibility of the persons within this structure is determined in the context of § 129b of the German Criminal Code is analyzed. In this framework, the general approach of the German courts towards the defenses raised by members of the organization during the trial is presented. In the second part of our study, we examined § 20, paragraph 1, sentence 1, subparagraph 5 of the German Law on Associations and examined whether the use of promotional signs (including the poster of the leader of the organization) of the PKK or its affiliated organizations falls within the scope of this provision. It is addressed here whether the use of flags and emblems of the YPG and similar organizations is considered within the context of this provision.
‘‘Tehlikeli Hükümlü’’ Kavramı ve Bu Kategoriye Bağlı Hak Kısıtlamalarına İlişkin Sorunlar
Authors: Özar Süleyman
Published: January 2024

In addition to certain perpetrators of crimes, such as crimes against the constitutional order and the functioning of this order, convicts or detainees who are determined to be in a dangerous situation due to their manner and attitude, are considered "dangerous" by the decision of the prison administration regardless of the crime they committed. Dangerous convicts/detainees are subject to additional restrictions on their rights, such as accessing daylight hours and watching television broadcasts. These restrictions, which are based on the decision of the Prison Administration and Observation Board, are open to the monitoring of the execution judge. Therefore, even if he/she is considered dangerous, the reasons and justifications for restricting the rights should be stated in the administration's decision in a way that allows judicial supervision. Similarly, the conceptual and legal difference between dangerous criminal and dangerous convict should also be taken into account. Because no matter what crime they have committed, no one can be deprived of the right to protection of human dignity and cannot be excluded from the purpose of social reintegration during the execution process. Moreover, the most obvious provision in a country of the rehabilitation and social reintegration practices, which are at the center of execution law policies, can be achieved through the process and result of the execution of convicts who are in a "dangerous state".
İnsan Hakları Avrupa Mahkemesi Kararları Işığında Terör Suçlarının Cezalarının İnfazında Umut Hakkı ve Devletlerin Takdir Marjı
Authors: Bal Lider
Published: January 2024

The doctrine of the right to hope and margin of appreciation has evolved over time through the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. The right to hope, which emerged through the Court's broad and dynamic interpretation of Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights, requires life sentence prisoners to have the possibility of conditional release at a certain stage of their imprisonment. Therefore, the right to hope has given rise to certain obligations concerning criminal justice system that the Court, as a principle, considers to be beyond its scrutiny, leaving them within the margin of appreciation of the Contracting States. The intersection between the right to hope and the margin of appreciation emerges more clearly in cases of violent crimes such as terrorism. The fact that convicts sentenced to life imprisonment for these crimes are not given the opportunity of conditional release in some cases creates a tense relationship between the States' margin of appreciation regarding their penal system and the convicts' right to hope. This study focuses on the margin of appreciation of States in the context of the conditional release possibilities of individuals sentenced to life imprisonment for terrorism crimes, based on the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights.
Umut Hakkı Bağlamında Terör Suçlarından Hükümlü Olanların Koşullu Salıverilmesi
Authors: Adar Özdemir Çiğdem
Published: January 2024

The "human dignity", which constitutes one of the foundations of human rights, and the fact of incompatibility that the idea of ​​punishing a person in a way that restricts his freedom throughout his life with human dignity, has revealed the concept of "right to hope". In this study, the concept of conditional release, which emerged with the understanding of modern criminal law, will be specifically discussed in the context of life imprisonment convicts who have no hope of release. In this context, the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights will be examined within the criticisms of the violation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights.
A Comprehensive Review of the Mahanadi River Basin in Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Choudhury Sudhir Ranjan , K. Singh Ajay , Mahato Anupama , Anand Ashutosh , Chandrakar Alok Kumar
Published: January 2024

The Mahanadi River is an interstate (Chhattisgarh and Odisha) river in India that flows for 851 kilometers, 357 of which are in Chhattisgarh. It is the lifeline of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. The Mahanadi River Basin (MRB) in Chhattisgarh covers an area of 75,136 km2 . This paper provides a detailed database on water demand and use, LULC changes, biodiversity, pollution status, and man-made structures, such as dams/ reservoirs, built in the Mahanadi river basin in Chhattisgarh. The significance of this overview paper stems from the fact that it improves river management and water distribution for various sectors in Chhattisgarh. Furthermore, it aids in the mitigation and adaptation to climate change, as well as the achievement of sustainable development goals.
Strategies for sustainable and efficient crop production of soybean through integrated nutrient management: A Review
Authors: Reddy Yuvapratap , S. S. Patil , B.K. Kumar , Harish V.  , S.K. Basha
Published: January 2024

Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) involves the application of a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers, biological agents, green manures, and other soil amendments to improve soil fertility, nutrient use efficiency, and crop productivity. This presents an overview of the importance of soybean as a source of protein and oil and its significance in sustainable agriculture. It discusses the nutrient requirements of soybean and the factors that affect nutrient availability and uptake. The paper highlights the potential benefits and challenges of using INM for soybean production and presents case studies and numerical examples of the impact of INM on soybean Growth, yield, and nutrient uptake.
Studies on Nutrient Management in Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) for Growth, Yield and Quality Traits
Authors: Lahari Poluka , Tripathi Vishal
Published: January 2024

The experiment described in this study was conducted at the vegetable research farm located at the School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University in Phagwara, Punjab. The study took place from October to December 2022, with the objective of evaluating the effects of nutrient management on the growth, yield, and quality traits of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). The experiment was designed using a Randomized Block Design, with a total of 14 different treatment levels of integrated nutrients. Each treatment level was replicated three times to ensure statistical validity and reliability of the results. The results obtained from the experiment indicated that the application of varying levels of integrated nutrients had a significant effect on the yield parameters of the crops. This suggests that the combination and dosage of these integrated nutrients played a crucial role in influencing the overall yield of the plants. T9 gave maximum plant height (38.77 cm), T13 gave maximum numbers of leaves (16.43). Among yield traits maximum root length (25.78cm) in T2, root diameter (4.30 cm) in T9, Fresh weight of roots and Dry weight of roots gave maximum in T2 (211.55g), while Plant yield per plot (kg) and Plant yield (q/ha) recorded maximum yield in T2. Among quality traits TSS (5.550 Brix) observed in T9, and Chlorophyll content (43.82 SPADE value) observed maximum in T9. This study demonstrates the potential benefits of integrating vermicompost and synthetic fertilizer for the growth and yield of radish. The results indicated a significant enhancement in both growth and yield of the radish crop. This combined approach of utilizing vermicompost and synthetic fertilizer proved beneficial in optimizing radish production.
A study on the built heritage and visual perception towards the fading Imageability of the rural settlement of Narasinganpettai, Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu India
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Ar. Shravanthi , Purushothaman Ar. A
Published: January 2024

Increasing urbanization has a significant effect on the loss of heritage value of any rural settlements. Over the years due to the changing technology and trends, the characters that define the identity is fading away, losing its historic value and significance. Rural India is fast losing its historic fabric and identity. In this context, perceiving the heritage of a settlement which is fading slowly and reestablishing its identity becomes a virtue. The Imageability of any settlement is the unique defining character that gives the settlement its identity. This Imageability is defined by the settlement pattern, the quality of the streets, and the elements of built heritage. The aim of this paper is to establish the defining characteristics, understand the Imageability of the rural settlement of Narasingampettai village at Thanjavur district, physical elements, morphological evolution that has taken place over the years and its effect on the alteration of the image of the settlement. A heritage pocket was identified and around 160 houses were observed and documented insitu and a questionnaire survey for a random stratified sample of 150 people was conducted. The data is statistically analyzed to ascertain the characteristics of the built heritage, identify the unique architectural elements, and evaluate the visual perception. The results show a high dependency on the built heritage for imageability. The results of which could be used for evaluating and re-establishing its identity states that amongst the three factors: age of the building, predominant building materials and the architecture style, the third factor has the highest impact on determining the imageability of the settlement. Several architectural elements collectively contribute to the style of a building and to preserve the image of such buildings, traditional elements can be preserved or recreated using contemporary materials.
Fabrication and Characterization of Bioplastic films using Ipomoea batatas
Authors: C. Usha  , M. Meera
Published: January 2024

The development of eco-friendly bioplastics is a fascinating and need of the hour. This study aimed to develop bioplastic films using starch extracted from Ipomoea batatas. The bioplastic films were fabricated by casting method. The produced bioplastic films were characterized morphologically and chemically by scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope. Further, the bioplastic films were assessed for its biodegradability by soil burial method. This study revealed that the developed bioplastic films had notable biodegradability when compared to synthetic polypropylene plastic. In future, the fabricated bioplastics will be evaluated for its mechanical stability, tensile strength and its possible application in commercial purposes.
Metagenomics study of tea rhizosphere soil in elevated carbon dioxide and temperature
Authors: Rahman A.S. , J. Barukial  , S.R. Sarmah  , R.D. Baruah  , A. Bhattacharjee
Published: January 2024

One of the most pressing environmental issue of our time is climate change. Additionally, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and the global temperature are also increasing. North East India is widely known for tea. Tea cultivation is largely dependent on its distinct soil fertility and its associated microorganisms. However, little is known about how high elevated CO2 and temperature affect the rhizosphere of tea plants. This study was conducted in order to comprehend the general microbial diversity of the tea soil rhizosphere in response to rising temperatures and CO2 . The study was performed using two Open top chambers where four different tea cultivars were exposed to elevated CO2 and temperature, and only elevated temperature where microbial dynamics was studied using metagenomics of 16s rRNA analysis. The results indicated that in the treatments highest abundance was found in the phylum Proteobacteria, 32.11%, which was followed by Acidobacteria, 14.32% and Actinobacteria, 9.13%. Significant variations were observed in both treatments when compared to the control. The results of this study would thus help in understanding the culturable as well as unculturable bacteria associated with tea plant rhizosphere, which may be beneficial in planning future adaptation and mitigation strategies under climate change scenarios.
Spatialization of mining processes in the metropolitan region of Belém, Pará
Authors: Maia Raquel da Silva Vieira , Melo Paulo Alves de , Ramos Luã Charles Maia , Melo Kelem Prestes
Published: January 2024

Mining has intensified over the years and to measure the exploratory activities arising in the Metropolitan Region of Belém - Pa, research was carried out in the database made available by the Mining Geographic Information System (SIGMINE) of the National Mining Agency (ANM) , for a space-time survey through geoprocessing. To diagnose the data, maps representing the required polygonals were created, in addition to the Kernel density method, using the QGIS software from 2001 to February 2022. 157 polygonals of different mineral substances were spatialized, predominantly found in the licensing phase , applied in civil construction, with higher concentrations for the extraction of mineral water and a greater number of processes in the municipalities of Santa Izabel, Benevides and Castanhal. In terms of hectares, the municipality of Santa Izabel surpasses the others, as some areas were requested through cooperatives, due to the mining requirement with areas of almost 10,000 hectares. There were significant advances, in total almost eighty-two thousand hectares, making it an object of mineral exploration.
Biomarcadores tumorais versus eficácia de tratamento no câncer de mama
Authors: Chao Barbara Mendes Paz , Razera Amanda , Tortorella Catiuscie Cabreira da Silva , Camargo Luciana Erzinger Alves de
Published: January 2024

O câncer de mama é uma doença complexa caracterizada por alterações moleculares. Os biomarcadores também são essenciais como abordagens terapêuticas, contudo questões permanecem devido à falta de eficácia no tratamento. Assim, a presente revisão sistemática da literatura buscou analisar as evidências que abordavam os tratamentos do câncer de mama comparativamente à biomarcadores, buscando a identificação do cenário em que estes se inserem e em que eram efetivos. A busca se deu nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e LILACS segundo critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Identifciou-se 274 publicações condizentes, sendo 55 artigos duplicados, 62 artigos foram selecionados para avaliação de elegibilidade em texto completo, sendo 57 descartados por não cumprirem os critérios pré-estabelecidos. Assim, restaram 5 artigos que foram incluídos para a construção da síntese qualitativa do presente trabalho. Os achados demonstram o papel dos biomarcadores e sua influência no tratamento, especialmente no tocante dos cânceres de mama em relação ao status dos receptores hormonais. Evidenciou-se a heterogeneidade não somente do câncer de mama, mas também dos esquemas terapêuticos.
Retaining knowledge workers for effective digital transformation
Authors: Yen Yuen Yee , Zhang Chew Yuan , Yen Wendy Teoh Ming
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine key factors affecting knowledge worker’s retention for digital transformation. This research is motivated by recent statistics that show that more than 70% of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have yet to undergo large-scale digital transformation due to the failure to retain knowledge workers who can collect and disseminate information effectively through the application of digital technology. Although it is widely recognized that the knowledge worker is an important asset for the digital transformation of SMEs, there is a dearth of studies that focus specifically on how to retain knowledge workers in Malaysia. This research adopts a quantitative research design. Questionnaires were distributed to 200 respondents in SMEs in central urban cities in Malaysia. Purposive sampling was used to collect data where the respondents needed to fulfill criteria such as being currently working in SMEs and their job scope being related to idea generation, information handling, digital transformation, and strategic planning. This study discovers unique findings, such as that, compared to compensation, training and development, work environment, and work-life balance; they play a more significant role in motivating knowledge workers to stay in SMEs post-COVID-19 pandemic, which can enrich the literature on knowledge worker’s retention in developing countries. Serving as one of the pioneer studies in Malaysia and Southeast Asia that focuses on examining important factors to retain knowledge workers in SMEs post-COVID-19 pandemic, this finding benefits SME practitioners and policymakers in devising effective strategies to retain knowledge workers for effective digital transformation.
Effects of American drama familiarity on Chinese people’s remote acculturation, attitudes, and watching intentions
Authors: Liang Zeguang
Published: January 2024

The study aims to examine the impacts of American drama familiarity on Chinese people’s remote acculturation to American culture, attitudes towards American dramas, and watching intentions of American dramas. A total of 358 survey data points from Chinese respondents were collected, and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted in an effort to verify the research hypotheses. The research outcomes indicate that American drama familiarity significantly positively impacts American cultural orientation, attitudes towards American dramas, and watching intentions of American dramas, but does not significantly bear upon Chinese cultural orientation. American cultural orientation significantly positively affects attitudes towards American dramas. Additionally, Chinese cultural orientation significantly negatively influences attitudes towards American dramas. Attitudes towards American dramas engender significant positive effects on watching intentions for American dramas. American drama familiarity, the remote acculturation of Chinese people to American culture, attitudes towards American dramas, and watching intentions of American dramas are significantly interrelated. The research is only targeted at Chinese people, and the remote acculturation is bi-dimensional in this study. Thereby, the remote acculturation of local people to multiple cultures simultaneously ought to be delved into in subsequent research. It is recommended that stakeholders and marketers of American dramas take essential marketing measures to increase the familiarity of Chinese people with American dramas and promote their friendly attitudes toward American dramas. This study contributes to yielding empirical evidence for the interrelation between American dramas and the remote acculturation of Chinese people to American culture.
The Kurdish Republic: A Step Toward the Creation of a Kurdish Nation
Authors: Shirazi Asghar
Published: January 2024

موضوع مقاله کنکاش در جنبش کردایِتانه و ملت سازانه ای است که در سال‌های ۱۳۲۴ تا ۱۳۲۵ با بهره‌برداری از حمایت ارتش اشغالگر شوروی به تأسیس«جمهوری کردستان» در منطقه مُکریان انجامید و با خروج آن ارتش از ایران توسط حکومت مرکزیِ ادامه دهنده سیاست یکسان سازانه قومی رضا شاه سرکوب شد.
Reactions in Turkey to Iran's “Woman, Life, Freedom” Movement
Authors: Badamchi Meysam
Published: January 2024

در ترکیه، جنبش زن زندگی آزادی ایران را رسانه‌های نزدیک به حزب حاکم عدالت و توسعه، وابسته به احزاب مخالف ویا کنشگران مدنی مستقل هریک به نحوی متفاوت پوشش داده‌اند. برخی تحلیلگران نزدیک دولت از کار افتادن پلاتفرم‌های قانونی تغییر از طریق انتخابات آزاد را نیروی محرکه‌ی اعتراضات مهسا دانسته‌اند. برخی به اعتراضات از منظر جایگاه ترک‌زبانان ایران نگریسته‌اند و همزمان از امکان قدرت گرفتن «تروریسم کردی» در اعتراضاتی که در آنها احزاب کردی مشارکت فعال دارند اظهار نگرانی کرده‌اند. نگرانی از ورود گسترده‌ی مهاجران ایرانی و افغانستانی به ترکیه در صورت تداوم اعتراضات دغدغه‌ی قابل مشاهده‌ي دیگری است. وزیر امور خارجه‌ي وقت و سایر مقام‌های ترکیه نیز با گفتن اینکه از منظر دولت، داشتن حجاب یا برداشتن حجاب «به یک اندازه حق» است و «آزادی حجاب باید در قانون اساسی مندرج شود»، مطالبات علیه پوشش اجباری در ایران را به مباحث داخلی در مورد حجاب در ترکیه در میان اقشار مذهبی پیوند زدند. نهایت آنکه در نظر کنشگران جنبش فمینیسم ترکیه، مبارزه‌ي جسورانه‌ی زنان ایرانی علیه حجاب اجباری و در برابر نیروهای بسیج و پلیس در خیابان‌ها در اعتراضات مهسا، تصویری کلیشه‌ای را که احیانا در میان قشر سکولارتر ترکیه از زنان ایرانی به عنوان «بی‌صدا و قربانی» وجود داشت، تا حد زیادی عوض کرد.
“Woman , Life, Freedom”: The Emergence of an Inclusive Definition of Iranianness
Authors: Kian Azadeh
Published: January 2024

Since the advent of the modern nation-state under Reza Shah, the Persian language has appeared as the most permanent foundation of nationalism and its drive to uniformity. Westernized nationalism intended to erase ethnic identities in favour of Persianity. Under the Islamic regime, Islamist/nationalism has intended to crush non-Shi’ite religious identities. Aspirations of religious/ethnic minorities to full citizenship rights have been shattered by all-out discrimination, securitization and Shi’itization that have impeded the completion of the nation-state building project. The ongoing revolution in Iran with women at its forefront that expanded to various social groups, ethnicities, genders and religions across the country, has challenged this model of power. The revolutionary practice has spread demands for the separation between religion and state, and is leading to the emergence of a new inclusive definition of Iranianness. It has also led to the rise of an intersectional consciousness according to which democracy, freedom and social justice are closely intertwined with gender, ethnic, religious, sexual and class equality. The most effective way to resist efforts that overlook potential collective action is to place the marginalized at the center.
The Role of Peer Counseling in Adolescent Adjustment
Authors: Ning Arum Reny Wisudawati , Ignacio Darwin F.
Published: January 2024

Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood. At this time, teenagers are vulnerable to experiencing difficulties in living life, one of which is difficulty adjusting to new environments. Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Putri An-Nuriyah Surabaya has new students, most of whom are teenagers. So it is difficult for them to adapt to the new environment at the Islamic boarding school. The research method used is a qualitative research method. The peer counseling implemented at Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Putri An-Nuriyah Surabaya can help new students adjust. So it can be concluded that peer counseling plays a very important role in adolescent self-adjustment at Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Putri An-Nuriyah Surabaya.
Monarquia corporativa e escravidão: apontamentos para uma reflexão sobre a administração política e as relações escravistas no Império Colonial Português
Authors: Castro Bruno
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo pretende fazer um pequeno balanço dos principais trabalhos que se dedicaram a uma abordagem dos aspectos políticos e administrativos do Império Português, dando especial destaque àqueles que se fundamentam na noção de gestão corporativa e de redes governativas. Buscamos ainda discutir a relevância do papel que a escravidão e o comércio de cativos africanos assumiram no complexo social e econômico do Império Português, e como os circuitos do tráfico, que conectavam agentes em diversas praças comerciais do Atlântico, estiveram, de algum modo, articulados às malhas da administração imperial. Acreditamos que uma compreensão mais apurada das dinâmicas governativas não pode prescindir, portanto, de uma análise que leve em consideração as experiências da escravidão, cujas dimensões estiveram intimamente atreladas aos valores e às relações costumeiras de poder que caracterizaram a sociedade portuguesa no Antigo Regime.
Tarefa inglória: resenha de “Teorizar e aprender e ensinar História”, organizado por Marcia de Almeida Gonçalves (FGV, 2020)
Authors: Freitas Itamar , Oliveira Margarida
Published: January 2024

Este texto resume e critica o livro Teorizar e aprender e ensinar História, organizado por Marcia de Almeida Gonçalves, publicado pela Editora da Fundação Getúlio Vargas, em 2020, com 388 páginas em formato e-pub. O livro é estruturado em 16 capítulos, produzidos por dezenove professores universitários de Teoria da História e de História da Historiografia que atuam em instituições brasileiras. Os textos comunicam relatos de experiência sobre fins, conteúdo e estratégias de ensino nas disciplinas “Teoria da História” e “História da Historiografia”, vivenciados ao final da segunda década deste século.
Mean Value Theorem and Its Uses
Authors: Zhou Yingcheng
Published: January 2024

The foundation of all mathematical analysis is calculus. The mean value theorem of differential equations and the mean value theorem of integral equations are crucial concepts in calculus. They establish the framework for the entire calculus. This essay discusses three different types of mean value theorems. They have some degree of generalization and proof. Thus, the mean value theorems of Lagrange, Rolle, and Cauchy are all correctly demonstrated in this study. The foundation for these three theorems further establishes the calculus fundamental theorem. They can expand the differential mean value theorem and demonstrate the Newton-Leibniz formula. The application of mean value theorems is discussed in this paper. This research is really important. Because mathematics uses the most fundamental and significant tool used in human investigation. Like the progression from the mean value theorem of the differential to the mean value theorem of the integral, from the known to the unknown.
Research on Deep Learning-based Group Recognition
Authors: Xu Songchen
Published: January 2024

The task of group recognition is a process of automatically recognizing and analyzing individuals or groups from a large population using computer vision and machine learning techniques. Currently, the main methods for group recognition using deep networks can be divided into four categories: methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), methods based on recurrent neural networks (RNN), combined CNN-RNN-based methods, as well as pose analysis methods. This article specifically analyzes these four categories of methods: CNN-based, RNN-based, and pose analysis, and summarizes the characteristics and functions of iterative deep learning models, graph convolutional network models, long short-term memory models, pose models, and skeleton models. In addition, a detailed introduction to commonly used datasets in group recognition is provided, and the main evaluation metrics are analyzed. Finally, important research directions in group recognition are discussed, followed by a conclusion of the entire article.
Definition of Residue Theorem and its Basic Applications
Authors: Niu Boshan
Published: January 2024

This paper explains the fundamentality of residue theorem in complex analysis integration termed contour integral. It also illustrates the importance of this theorem, followed by applying it in both mathematics and other fields where several typical examples coming from different fields are chosen. The paper introduces some basic definitions and theorems to support and finally prove residue theorem. Then two simple applications of residue theorem are presented. One is a contour integral of a fractional function with one singularity inside the contour. It can be solved by using partial fraction technique, then directly finding the residue at the singularity, and finally applying residue theorem to calculate for the result. The other one is a contour integral of a reciprocal of sine function with one singularity inside. This problem can be solved by finding the Laurent series of the integrand, thus finding the residue needed. However, the residue is the coefficient of negative-one-degree term of the singularity, and the value of the integral can be achieved by substituting the residue into the formula of the residue theorem.
Analysis of the Principle and Applications of Infrared Detectors in Cosmology
Authors: Chen Jiangtian
Published: January 2024

As a matter of fact, infrared detectors are widely used and applied in cosmology detections. On this basis, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the principles and applications of infrared detectors in the field of cosmology. The paper discusses the two main types of infrared detectors: bolometer arrays and photon detector arrays, explaining their underlying principles and highlighting their applications in astronomy. It also presents the advancements in infrared detector technology, such as the use of different materials and the development of large-scale bolometer arrays. The paper further discusses the significant achievements made by various institutions in the field of infrared astronomy, including the discoveries based on detection result from SOFIA and WISE. Overall, this paper offers a comprehensive overview of the principles and applications of infrared detectors in cosmology, providing valuable information for enthusiasts in the field. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of space detectors.
Design of U-Band Fiber Amplifying Spontaneous Emission Spectra and Optimization of Output Spectral Peak Power
Authors: Lu Jianing , Lv Yifan , Yuan Shuo
Published: January 2024

Optical communication is an important way of information transmission. At present, most of the optical fiber amplifiers on the market can only work in the wavelength range of 1530-1610m. The higher band, U-band is less used. Therefore, optical fiber amplifiers can extend the communication frequency range, provide more bandwidth, and meet the demand for higher rates and greater bandwidth optical communication with the continuous growth of network traffic. The paper is about the design of U-band (1650-1700m) fiber amplifying spontaneous emission spectrum and the optimization of output spectral peak power, and to find out the possibility of realizing efficient U-band fiber amplifiers. By establishing rate equation and power propagation equation, we simulate and calculate the variation of amplifying spontaneous emission spectrum with fiber length and doping concentration, and use genetic algorithm to optimize fiber length and doping concentration, so as to maximize the peak power of output spectrum. The experimental results show that the bismuth-doped high germanium silicate fiber can achieve effective amplification in the U-band range, and higher output spectral peak power can be obtained through optimization.
A Study on Gender Stereotypes and Their Activation Effects in Academic Performance
Authors: Wu Han
Published: January 2024

Gender stereotypes in educational settings have emerged as an important issue. While many scholars have recognized the stereotypical beliefs regarding academic performance based on gender and the potential harm they may cause, there is still a lack of sufficient research exploring how these stereotypes specifically impact people's score estimations of students from different genders, as well as the triggering and reinforcement mechanisms of such stereotypes. Therefore, this study examined the experimental dataset of Daphne Lenders and Toon Calders, utilizing methods such as validity analysis, stratified chi-square tests, and visualization techniques. The findings revealed that in the absence of any stereotype activation, individuals tend to rate the academic performance of females higher than males. However, by manipulating stereotype activation, such as Case-based and Statistics, this paper observed variations in the intensity of bias: the difference in score estimations between genders significantly increased, particularly for the Statistics condition. This suggests the existence of inherent gender-based stereotypes in everyday life, which can be reinforced by the daily information received by people. The result helps to make the public aware of the intrinsic existence of performance gender stereotypes, increasing the possibility of mitigating such phenomenon, and point to the way for further research afterward.
Diabetes Prediction by KNN, SVM, Random Forest and XGBoost
Authors: Liu Shuqi
Published: January 2024

Diabetes is a chronic condition that is incurable, and it may even cause some serious complications, so early prevention is crucial. In order to benefit relevant researchers, this paper collects the Pima Indians dataset from the kaggle website. The dataset contains data of 768 patients, in the first eight columns of the dataset are the data of their body indicators and the last column represents the result of whether they have diabetes or not. In this paper, four ML algorithms KNN, SVM, RF and XGB are used to predict diabetes, and hyperparameter optimization is done using Gridsearch, Cross validation to get the best result of each model. After optimizing these four models and training them on the training set, the following results were obtained on the test set: the KNN algorithm got the highest precision score and accuracy score, while the XGBoost algorithm got the highest recall score and f1 score, and the remaining two algorithms got slightly lower results.
Analysis and Prospect of Recommendation System on social media
Authors: Yuan Yilong
Published: January 2024

Recommendation system works surprisingly well on providing interesting and informative contents to individual user by matching suitable information with target users, and it tremendously reduces the time users spend for searching relative contents while it is also cutting back the workload of content providers. There are two popular recommendation techniques: content-based and collaborative based filtering. The abilities of each technique is compared and analyzed, and how well they match the need of users on the social media platform. In addition, a typical form of hybrid recommendation that has the advantages of multiple techniques is also taken in the comparison. From the perspective of users in social media, each specific technique achieves some degree of success for the overall user satisfaction. Integrating techniques is a valuable attempt. This paper presents a look the origin and the development of recommender system in the past. The evolution of recommendation provides insight regarding what the future of recommender will become.  The architecture of recommender system is also reviewed for understanding the way system performs. The key component inside the recommender architecture including matching, filtering, and objects utilized by technique which are critical factors in determination of prediction are examined. Different techniques used in filtering are analyzed for recognizing the advantages and the disadvantages for the purpose of social media. After all, the effectiveness of the hybrid recommendation technique on dealing with limitations of popular filtering is demonstrated.