bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrocienegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico
Authors: Estrada-Castillón Eduardo , Villarreal-Quintanilla José Ángel , Encina-Domínguez Juan Antonio , Jurado-Ybarra Enrique , Cuéllar-Rodríguez Luis Gerardo , Garza-Zambrano Patricio , Arévalo-Sierra José Ramón , Cantú-Ayala Cesar Martín , Himmelsbach Wibke , Salinas-Rodríguez María Magdalena , Gutiérrez-Santillán Tania Vianney
Published: February 2021

BackgroundCuatrociénegas is a region of unique biological, geological, geographical and evolutionary importance. It is part of the Chihuahua Desert, its current population is mestizo; however, it has a high historical, cultural and tourist relevance. It has been cataloged as a Flora and Fauna by Mexican law, as well as a High Protection site by the World Wildlife Fund and UNESCO. Because of its complex biological and sociocultural characteristics, we consider it important to know, determine, identify and analyze the traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and practices in this region.MethodsBetween 2016 and 2019, seven field trips were made to document the knowledge and use of flora. Cuatrociénegas is a protected area, collecting botanical material is regulated, so specimens were photographed and collected in neighboring communities, and in public and private gardens. Later permission was obtained to complete the collection of specimens (2019-2020). The plants were identified and entered into the flora database of the state of Coahuila, and deposited in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Forest Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Mexico. One hundred and ten local residents (50 men and 60 women) aged between 27 and 91 years were interviewed (semi-structured interviews). The cultural importance of ethnobotanical resources (cultural significance index) and its significance with respect to ethnobotanical richness in other Biosphere Reserves in Mexico (Mann-Whitney test) ware evaluated.Results and DiscussionThe ethnobotanical information registers 158 species and 132 genera in 57 vascular and non-vascular families, documenting a greater knowledge and use of cultivated species (84) with respect to wild species (74). The diversity of plants reported, compared to other ethnobotanical studies carried out in Biosphere Reserves, is similar. The people local pay special attention to medicinal and ornamental plants. The species that presented the highest use values are Larrea tridentata, Jatropha dioica and Machaeranthera pinnatifida, three characteristic species of the desert region.ConclusionsThe particular diversity of wild flora in Cuatrociénegas Valley, combined with the varied introduced flora, is an important multifunctional resource. Special attention to introduced species is associated with use restrictions; as well as the high value of ornamental species, difficult to maintain in desert areas. The extensive knowledge and use of ethnobotany are an example that biocultural diversity (at the conceptual level) is also, strongly associated with socio-ecological system with mestizo groups and semi-urban rural landscapes, ceasing to be exclusive to indigenous regions.
Association of body mass index with in-hospital major adverse outcomes in acute type A aortic dissection patients in Fujian Province, China: a retrospective study
Authors: Lin Lingyu , Lin Yanjuan , Chen Qiong , Peng Yanchun , Li Sailan , Chen Liangwan , Huang Xizhen
Published: February 2021

Background: Abnormal body mass index(BMI) has been related to a higher risk of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, the effects of BMI in patients with acute type A aortic dissection(AAAD) on postoperative outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationships between BMI and in-hospital major adverse outcomes(MAO) in AAAD patients.Methods: Patients who underwent AAAD surgery at Fujian Province Cardiac Medical Research Center from June 2013 to March 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. They were divided into three groups on the basis of Chinese BMI classification established by the World Health Organization: normal weight group(BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m2), overweight group(BMI 24-27.9 kg/m2), and obese group(BMI ＞28kg/m2). Patients’ baseline characteristics, preoperative, operative, and postoperative data were collected. A multivariable logistic regression analysis model was performed to identify the association between BMI and MAO in AAAD patients.Results: Of 777 cases, 31.9% were normal weight, 52.5% were overweight, and 15.6% were obese. A total of 160(20.6%) patients died in-hospital. There was a significant difference between the three groups for MAO(62.9% vs 72.1% vs 77.7%, respectively; P=0.006). The incidence of postoperative complications did not differ among the three groups, except for postoperative bleeding, and prolonged mechanical ventilation, the proportion of which were higher in the overweight and obese groups. Besides, multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a higher risk of MAO in the overweight [odds ratios(ORs):1.475, 95%CI:1.006-2.162], and obese patients(ORs:2.147, 95%CI:1.219-3.782) with reference to the normal weight patients, and age, white blood cell, prior stroke and cardiopulmonary bypass time were also associated with in-hospital MAO (P＜0.05).Conclusions: BMI is independently associated with higher in-hospital MAO in patients who underwent AAAD surgery.
Morphological, physiological and molecular responses of Indonesian cassava to drought stress
Authors: Avivi Sholeh , Sanjaya Bella Rhea Lavifa , Ogita Shinjiro , Hartatik Sri , Soeparjono Sigit
Published: February 2021

In Indonesia, investigations of drought-tolerant cassava by characterizing the morphological, physiological, and molecular responses have not been carried out. This research was aimed to characterize the morphological, physiological, and molecular features of 10 Indonesian cassava varieties (Adira 1, Malang 1, Cimanggu, Kaspro, Ketan, Litbang UK-2, Malang 4, Malang 6, UJ-3, and UJ-5) under drought stress. 30 days after planting, drought stress was applied by stopping irrigation of plants for 15 days. The plant height, root system, and wilting were measured as morphological responses of cassava. For physiological responses, the percentage of opening stomata, chlorophyll, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content were also investigated. Gene expression of MeGBF3 and MeMSD was evaluated to analyze the response of candidate drought-tolerant genotypes. The studied parameters revealed that drought stress inhibits the growth of cassava. Some genotypes could not survive because the excessive content of H2O2 would be toxic to plant cells and disturb the plant growth. The up-regulated gene expressions of MeGBF3 and MeMSD has correlations with morphological and physiological responses of cassava to drought stress. Adira 1 and Kaspro are thought as drought-tolerant genotypes due to the morphological, physiological, and molecular responses.
Desorption isotherms and thermodynamic properties of Solanum gilo
Authors: Santos Samuel Gonçalves Ferreira dos , Sarti Jefferson Kran , Kran Cassio da Silva , Silva Hellismar Wakson da , Rodovalho Renato Souza , Vale Luís Sérgio Rodrigues , Silva Daniel Pereira da , Alves João César Reis , Oliveira Daniel Emanuel Cabral de , Devilla Ivano Alessandro
Published: February 2021

Solanum gilo is a plant belonging to the family Solanaceae with a probable origin in Africa. It was introduced to Brazil by workers. The fruit is cultivated by small producers in Brazil and it is a source of food for the low-income population. Its seeds are harvested with high moisture contents, and the drying process is necessary. Sorption isotherms consist of the relation between water activity (aw) and moisture content of an agricultural product at a constant temperature. This information contributes to the drying process, thus favoring an increased longevity of agricultural products, such as seeds. This research aims to determine the desorption isotherms of Solanum gilo seeds and calculate their thermodynamic properties (enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy). Sorption experiments were performed by the gravimetric static method using saline solutions. Several mathematical models were fitted to the experimental data, and the selection of the best model was performed by statistical criteria. Equilibrium moisture contents were obtained at 10, 20 and 30°C and at water activities between 0.111 and 0.985 (decimal). The modified Oswin model best represents moisture desorption isotherms of Solanum gilo seeds under the studied conditions. The energy required for the process was 0.22-555.68 kJ kg-1. The latent heat of vaporization (L), the enthalpy (Qst), the entropy (ΔS) and the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) increased with the reduction of the equilibrium moisture content of seeds. The theory of isokinetics is valid for the desorption process.
Production and photosynthetic pigments of bell peppers all big (Capsicum annuum L.) subjected to fertilization with biochar and nitrogen
Authors: Silva André Alisson Rodrigues da , Cavalcante Lucia Helena Garófalo Chaves Antônio Ramos , Lima Washington Benevenuto de , Oliveira Luan Dantas de , Bonifácio Benedito Ferreira , Souza Robson Fabio Alves de , Nascimento Ronaldo do
Published: February 2021

The Northeastern semi-arid region provides favorable conditions for bell pepper cultivation, but most often the low availability of soil nutrients to plants constitutes a limiting factor to production. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the production and photosynthetic pigments of bell pepper subjected to increasing levels of fertilization with biochar and nitrogen. The experiment was conducted in pots (Citropote®) under greenhouse conditions. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, in 4 x 4 factorial scheme, relative to four doses of biochar (0; 7; 14 and 21 m3 ha-1) and four doses of nitrogen (0; 40; 80 and 120 kg ha-1), with three replicates. Fertilization with 70 kg ha-1 of nitrogen and 14 m3 ha-1 of biochar promotes highest yield of bell pepper in terms of number of fruits and fruit fresh weight per plant. The highest contents of photosynthetic pigments were obtained in plants fertilized with 70 kg ha-1 of nitrogen associated with 10 m3 ha-1 of biochar. Biochar doses above 15.54 m3 ha-1 negatively affect the longitudinal diameter of bell pepper fruits. The recommendation of 120 kg ha-1 of nitrogen and 20 m3 ha-1 of biochar reduces bell pepper production and photosynthetic pigments.
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION: 70 YEARS
Authors:   Yu. A. Izrael Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Gladilshchikova A.A. , Igolkina E.D. ,   Yu. A. Izrael Institute of Global Climate and Ecology
Published: February 2021

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is 70. In the second half of the 19th century, many economically developed countries realized the importance of meteorological information both for the people and for various sectors of economy (agriculture, shipping, etc.). National hydrometeorological services already worked in many countries. The idea of their cooperation, including exchange of hydrometeorological information emerged among scientists, professional meteorologists, physicists, chemists. This led to the establishment of the International Meteorological Organization (IMO) in 1879 at the International Meteorological Congress in Rome. Formally, it was not an intergovernmental organization. To a large extent, it was functioning as a society of heads of national hydrometeorological services and prominent meteorologists. Nevertheless, in the framework of this organization at the beginning of the twentieth century, the idea of organizing a global network of meteorological stations was born, and its basic parameters were outlined. The idea of a climate database was formulated and implemented, and the first sets of such data appeared. The subsequent development and the increased scale of the IMO's work showed that it is necessary to give this activity an intergovernmental status. In 1950, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) was established, which already acted as a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN). The subsequent development of WMO was in fact interdisciplinary. Its work encompassed research and monitoring of the Earth’s system, especially its climatic subsystem. Among the global initiatives of WMO in the field of climate, it is necessary to note the establishment of the Global Climate Observing System and the World Climate Research Programme, the establishment (jointly with the United Nations Environment Programme) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the development and implementation of the Global Framework for Climate Services. The WMO space program focused on the elaboration and implementation of remote sensing methodologies for the Earth’s system monitoring and research is a particularly important direction of the current and future methodological and technological activity of WMO.
SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNDRA AND FOREST TUNDRA LANDSCAPES DURING THE YEARS OF SUMMER TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES
Authors:   Institute of Geography RAS, Titkova T.B. , Zolotokrylin A.N. ,   Institute of Geography RAS, Vinogradov V.V. ,   Institute of Geography RAS
Published: February 2021

The warming at high latitudes, remaining in recent years, has a direct impact on arctic and subarctic landscapes. Possible changes of this landscapes under the climate warming are closely related with regulatory mechanisms for the underlying surface temperature. The circumstances of forming radiation and evapotranspirational regulatory mechanisms for the surface temperature were explored for tundra (from arctic to southern) and forest tundra landscapes of Novaya Zemlya and Western Siberia. The MODIS data of surface spectral characteristics were used, and more specifically albedo (Al) and surface temperature (Ts) for July 2000-2019. The work shows that the radiation regulatory mechanism of the surface temperature is dominated in glacial and polar desert landscapes of Arctic and Subarctic with a predominance of stony and rubble types of surfaces with lichens. At the same time, radiative surface temperature control mechanism in mountain and arctic tundra of Novaya Zemlya almost does not depend on weather anomalies and so far has a little implication for the temperature trend. In the mainland and forest tundra, the evapotranspirational regulatory mechanism for the surface temperature starts to prevail. This is supported by the increasing of monthly average air temperatures to 15-16°С, which is beneficial to the vegetation diversity. In subzones of the southern and forest tundra, the connection of albedo and surface temperature depends on altitudes, slope exposure and especially on extreme temperature anomalies. In basins, or hydromorphic complexes, in cold years against the backdrop of wetlands the regulatory mechanism for the surface temperature prevails, and in warm years the humidity decreasing leads to the highest vegetation development and the connection type can turn into the evapotranspirational one. On the high grounds the return process is observed, which is also connected with the changes in humidification conditions. In forest tundra, where the air temperature rises and the canopy height increases, the evapotranspirational mechanism of spectral parameters Al–Ts connections is weakening. As a result, in southern and forest tundra two balanced steady states of the connection types of surface spectral characteristics can exist in relation to lighting conditions and temperature anomalies.
Activated tamarind seed coat: a green biosorbent to remove fluoride from aqueous solutions
Authors: Srinivasulu Dasaiah , Pindi Pavan Kumar
Published: February 2021

A novel, inexpensive, easily available and eco-friendly biosorbent, Tamarindus indica activated seed coat, has been evaluated for its capability to remove fluoride from water. Batch experiments were carried out to study the effect of various parameters affecting the biosorption such as pH (2–10), biosorbent dose (0.05 g/L to 0.35 g/L), contact time (10–80 min) and initial fluoride concentration (0.001–0.006 g/L) for the biosorption of fluoride at room temperature. The maximum removal of fluoride was found at pH 6, biosorbent dose 0.3 g and contact time 60 min. Physicochemical characterization studies revealed the suitable morphology and chemical functional groups present on the biosorbent. Isothermal data agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model with R2 value 0.976 and KL 0.1. The biosorption interface of fluoride onto Tamarindus indica activated seed coat obeyed the pseudo-second-order rate equation with R2 0.976. The present study demonstrates that Tamarindus indica activated seed coat can effectively remediate fluoride-contaminated water.
Aktywność senatorów z województwa rawskiego na sejmach doby Wazów (1587-1668)
Authors: Broniarczyk Marcin
Published: February 2021

W artykule omówiona została aktywność senatorów z województwa rawskiego na sejmach za panowania trzech kolejnych Wazów (1587-1668). Zaprezentowano sylwetki kilku najbardziej aktywnych senatorów prezentując ich życiorysy polityczne. Przedstawiono w skrócie przebieg ich kariery urzędniczej i źródła awansu senatorskiego. Skupiono się głównie na uczestnictwie w sejmach i różnych formach aktywności parlamentarnej takich jak: udział w obradach, zabieranie głosu podczas wotów senatorskich, a także uczestnictwo w różnego rodzaju komisjach i deputacjach, do których byli wyznaczani na sejmach. W załączonej tabeli zestawiono wszystkich senatorów z omawianego okresu według hierarchii urzędów i w porządku chronologicznym odnotowując ich obecność na poszczególnych sejmach.
Polityka księżnej Gryzeldy w Ordynacji Zamojskiej w latach 1666-1669
Authors: Groszkowski Marek
Published: February 2021

Księżna Gryzelda Wiśniowiecka przejęła Ordynację Zamojską pod koniec 1665 r. Opierała się na stabilnym zapleczu politycznym. Jednocześnie starała się jednak zjednać sobie mieszkańców Ordynacji. Na jej terenie cały czas funkcjonowała propaganda. Dwór księżnej prowadził także ograniczoną kontrolę powstającej na terenie Ordynacji korespondencji. Potwierdzeniem prowadzenia przez G. Wiśniowiecką stabilnych rządów jest jej stosunek do arendarzy. Wszelkie należności egzekwowała od nich w sposób surowy. Osobą numer dwa w Ordynacji był chorąży bracławski Hieronim Żaboklicki. Po sejmie konwokacyjnym 1668 r. coraz większe znaczenie zaczął zdobywać Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki.
Senat jako stan sejmowy w czasach Jana III Sobieskiego
Authors: Kołodziej Robert
Published: February 2021

Artykuł omawia wybrane elementy w funkcjonowaniu senatu jako stanu sejmowego w czasach Jana III Sobieskiego. W omawianym czasie frekwencja senatorska była wyższa niż w czasach Wazów. Senatorowie tradycyjnie brali udział w pracach sądu sejmowego, deputacjach i sesjach prowincji, wzrasta ich rola w spisywaniu projektów konstytucji, powstających wówczas w czasie konkluzji. Angażowanie się senatorów w bieżące spory polityczne nie sprzyjało zachowaniu neutralności, tak ważnej dla szlacheckich statystów, którzy chcieli widzieć w senacie „stan pośredniczący” między królem a narodem szlacheckim. Choć nie dochodzi wówczas do radykalnych antysenatorskich wystąpień, nie można zauważyć wzrostu autorytetu senatu jako instytucji.
Advancements within Modern Machine Learning Methodology: Impacts and Prospects in Biomarker Discovery
Authors: Ledesma Dakila , Symes Steven , Richards Sean
Published: February 2021

Background:

The adoption of biomarkers as part of high-throughput, complex
microarray or sequencing data has necessitated the discovery and validation of these data
through machine learning. Machine learning has remained a fundamental and indispensable
tool due to its efficacy and efficiency in both feature extraction of relevant biomarkers
as well as the classification of samples as validation of the discovered biomarkers.

Objectives:

This review aims to present the impact and ability of various machine learning
methodologies and models to process high-throughput, high-dimensionality data
found within mass spectrometry, microarray, and DNA/RNA-sequence data; data that
precluded biomarker discovery prior to the use of machine learning.

Methods:

A vast array of literature highlighting machine learning for biomarker discovery
was reviewed, resulting in the eligibility of 21 machine learning algorithms/networks
and 3 combinatory architectures, spanning 17 fields of study. This literature was
screened to investigate the usage and development of machine learning within the framework
of biomarker discovery.

Results:

Out of the 93 papers collected, a total of 62 biomarker studies were further reviewed
across different subfields-49 of which employed machine learning algorithms,
and 13 of which employed neural network-based models. Through the application, innovation,
and creation of tools in biomarker-related machine learning methodologies, its
use allowed for the discovery, accumulation, validation, and interpretation of biomarkers
within varied data formats, sources, as well as fields of study.

Conclusion:

The use of machine learning methodologies for biomarker discovery is critical
to the analysis of various types of data used for biomarker discovery, such as mass
spectrometry, nucleotide and protein sequencing, and image (e.g. CT-scan) data. Further
studies containing more standardized techniques for evaluation, and the use of cutting-
edge machine learning architectures may lead to more accurate and specific results.
Seaweed Proteins as a Source of Bioactive Peptides
Authors: Alboofetileh Mehdi , Hamzeh Ali , Abdollahi Mehdi
Published: February 2021

Seaweeds have received great attention as a vegetarian and sustainable marine source of protein,
which does not need irrigation, arable land, and fertilization. Besides, seaweeds are considered as an untapped
resource for discovering bioactive compounds with health benefits where bioactive peptides have shown outstanding
potential. This review provides a detailed overview of available scientific knowledge on production
methods, bioactivity and application of peptides from seaweed proteins. The emphasis is on the effects from
seaweed varieties and peptide production conditions on the bioactivity of the peptides and their potential health
benefits. Bioactive properties of seaweed peptides, including antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory,
anticancer activities and other potential health benefits, have been discussed. It also covers current
challenges and required future research and innovations for the successful application of seaweeds proteins as a
sustainable source of bioactive peptides. Effects from seasonal variation of seaweed composition on the bioactivity
of their peptides, difficulties in the extraction of proteins from seaweed complex structure, scalability and
reproducibility of the developed methods for the production of bioactive peptides, the safety of the peptides are
examples of highlighted challenges. Further studies on the bioavailability of the seaweed bioactive peptides and
validation of the results in animal models and human trials are needed before their application as functional
foods or pharmaceutical ingredients.
Understanding Abnormal c-JNK/p38MAPK Signaling in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Potential Drug Targets and Influences on Neurological Disorders
Authors: Yadav Rajeshwar Kumar , Minz Elizabeth , Mehan Sidharth
Published: February 2021

c-JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
family members work in a cell-specific manner to regulate neuronal signals. The abnormal activation
of these cellular signals can cause glutamate excitotoxicity, disrupted protein homeostasis, defective
axonal transport, and synaptic dysfunction. Various pre-clinical and clinical findings indicate
that the up-regulation of c-JNK and p38MAPK signaling is associated with neurological disorders.
Exceptionally, a significant amount of experimental data has recently shown that dysregulated
c-JNK and p38MAPK are implicated in the damage to the central nervous system, including
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Furthermore, currently available information has shown that c-
JNK/p38MAPK signaling inhibitors may be a promising therapeutic alternative for improving histopathological,
functional, and demyelination defects related to motor neuron disabilities. Understanding
the abnormal activation of c-JNK/p38MAPK signaling and the prediction of motor neuron
loss may help identify important therapeutic interventions that could prevent neurocomplications.
Based on the involvement of c-JNK/p38MAPK signaling in the brain, we have assumed that the
downregulation of the c-JNK/p38MAPK signaling pathway could trigger neuroprotection and neurotrophic
effects towards clinicopathological presentations of ALS and other brain diseases. Thus,
this research-based review also outlines the inhibition of c-JNK and p38MAPK signal downregulation
in the pursuit of disease-modifying therapies for ALS.
Drosophila melanogaster a Versatile Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Naz Falaq , Siddique Yasir H.
Published: February 2021

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent, recurrent and life-threatening neurodegenerative
diseases. However, the precise mechanism underlying this disease is not yet clearly
understood. For understanding the pathogenesis of PD, it is essential to identify the symptoms
along with the novel biological markers and to develop strategies that could lead towards the development
of effective therapy. PD is associated with Lewy bodies (LBs) formation and the loss of dopaminergic
neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of mid brain region. For the improvement
in treatment strategies, as well as understanding the pathophysiology of the PD in a number
of animal models have been introduced that can recapitulate the pathophysiology, motor and nonmotor
symptoms of PD. In contrast to mammalian models like rodents, mice and monkey, Drosophila
is easy to handle as well as its maintenance cost is low. Due to the anatomical differences
in the brain and other major organs of human and fly, the issues of standardizing the methods or experiments
to analyze behavioral aspects (walking, writhing, eating and sleeping) are difficult in
flies. The present review highlights the studies carried out for PD since 2000, using Drosophila melanogaster.
COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview of its Origin, Current Status, and Ongoing
Clinical Trials
Authors: Majila Kartik , Lal Seema , Ahmad Mohammad Faiz
Published: February 2021

:

The COVID19 pandemic is raging across the globe, with the total active cases increasing
each day. Globally over 63 million COVID-19cases and more than 1.4 million deaths have
been reported to WHO. Throughout the world, academicians, clinicians and scientists are working
tirelessly on developing a treatment to combat this pandemic. The origin of novel SARS CoV2
virus still remains foggy but is believed to have originated from a bat coronavirus RaTG13 with
which it shares approximately 96% sequence similarity. In the present review, the authors have provided
an overview of the COVID-19 pandemic, epidemiology, transmission, developments related
to diagnosis, drugs and vaccines, along with the genetic diversity and lifecycle of the SARS CoV2
based on the current studies and information available.
APPLICATION OF OBJECTIVE MATRIX (OMAX) METHOD FOR MEASURING PRODUCTIVITY OF PROL TAPE PROCESSING IN UD PURNAMA JATI
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Putra Dhanang Eka , Mursid Khanifatul Maula ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember
Published: February 2021

The main motivation of this research is to see the level of productivity in prol tape production division of UD. Purnama Jati. in order to increase the prol tape productivity with the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method. The research also performed by evaluating the worst performance ratio with the Traffic Light System. The result shows that the measurement period in June 2019 with a productivity index value of 118% being the highest productivity index value. Meanwhile, the lowest productivity occurred in the period of July 2019 with a productivity index of (−47.89%). Based on the evaluation results of utilizing the Traffic Light System technique, the ratio at the level of "CRITICAL" was a ratio of 1 that is the ratio of productivity of raw materials. UD. Purnama Jati requires to focus on the variables that cause a decline in productivity and can be improved according to the proposed improvements.
Creation of activating molecular device including energy conversion mechanism
Authors: Kinbara Kazushi
Published: February 2021

As technology has improved immeasurably over the past few decades, scientists have been able to do remarkable things that are directly inspired by molecules and macromolecules. Indeed, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 was awarded to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J Fraser Stoddart and Bernard
L Feringa for designing and producing molecular machines. It seems almost inconceivable that such a thing could be achieved - synthetic molecules with controllable movements that are able to perform a task when energy is added. Although the science behind this achievement is extremely complex,
the principle is actually quite simple. The molecular machine receives stimuli and reacts to it. These molecular machines exist biologically and are responsible for such things as DNA replication, but the Nobel Prize winners were able to create a synthetic version that converted chemical energy
into motion. Of course, since then researchers around the world have started performing their own investigations to explore the potential of molecular engines and gain a full understanding of what they might facilitate in the future. Professor Kazushi Kinbara is the head of the Kinbara Group
based within the School of Life Science and Technology at the Tokyo Institute of Technology in Japan. Kinbara is currently working with a team of experts from 36 research groups based in approximately 30 Japanese Universities and Institutes to design and produce synthetic molecular devices
which can perform autonomous functions based on energy conversion.
Promoting the LIST Centre of Excellence in Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Adjeroud Noureddine
Published: February 2021

In our globalised economy, different countries need to find different ways to remain competitive in the marketplace. For larger countries, this often means maximising output in a given industry or industries. This is similar for countries that are blessed with copious natural resources.
However, for smaller countries, the picture is more complicated. It is often necessary for them to invest in and corner a particular area of expertise or new field of activity. Luxembourg has been developing several technological avenues to help the country remain competitive both in Europe
and across the globe. Specifically, they have developed research institutions with the aim of working closely with the needs of the nation, the continent and industrial partners. One such organisation is the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST). The LIST works primarily in
three key areas – the environment, information technology and materials science. These fields are interlinked and are three areas of research that are both constantly developing and important to many different industries. Improvements in these disciplines can directly impact manufacturing
chain, civic life and citizens. Dr Noureddine Adjeroud is materials scientist and key member of the Nanomaterial and Nanotechnology team under the scope of the Materials Research and Technology Department. He has been instrumental in creating the Atomic Layer Deposition Centre of Excellence
(ALD CoEx) within the Department. The aim of the ALD CoEx is to develop innovative materials for a whole range of applications through the Centre's expertise in atomic layer deposition (ALD).
Creation of ultra-flexible organic piezoelectric film for in vivo power generation
Authors: Ishida Kenji
Published: February 2021

In the field of chemistry and physics, an electrical dipole of molecule arises from differences of electronegativity of atoms constituting molecules and is quantified by its dipole moment, which is the distance between atoms multiplied by the partial charge. Dipoles hold an enormous
amount of promise for a range of different applications in various fields, including sensor technology, semiconductors, nanotechnology and healthcare. Professor Kenji Ishida, who is leading a team based within the Material Physical Chemistry Laboratory at Kobe University in Japan, is focused
on working on piezoelectric power generation using the movement of body tissue. Their findings could usher in the next generation of sensors that help patients with a broad range of different conditions.
Novel Graph-Based Model With Biaffine Attention for Family History Extraction From Clinical Text: Modeling Study
Authors: Zhan Kecheng , Peng Weihua , Xiong Ying , Fu Huhao , Chen Qingcai , Wang Xiaolong , Tang Buzhou
Published: February 2021

Background

Family history information, including information on family members, side of the family of family members, living status of family members, and observations of family members, plays an important role in disease diagnosis and treatment. Family member information extraction aims to extract family history information from semistructured/unstructured text in electronic health records (EHRs), which is a challenging task regarding named entity recognition (NER) and relation extraction (RE), where named entities refer to family members, living status, and observations, and relations refer to relations between family members and living status, and relations between family members and observations.

Objective

This study aimed to introduce the system we developed for the 2019 n2c2/OHNLP track on family history extraction, which can jointly extract entities and relations about family history information from clinical text.

Methods

We proposed a novel graph-based model with biaffine attention for family history extraction from clinical text. In this model, we first designed a graph to represent family history information, that is, representing NER and RE regarding family history in a unified way, and then introduced a biaffine attention mechanism to extract family history information in clinical text. Convolution neural network (CNN)-Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory network (BiLSTM) and Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) were used to encode the input sentence, and a biaffine classifier was used to extract family history information. In addition, we developed a postprocessing module to adjust the results. A system based on the proposed method was developed for the 2019 n2c2/OHNLP shared task track on family history information extraction.

Results

Our system ranked first in the challenge, and the F1 scores of the best system on the NER subtask and RE subtask were 0.8745 and 0.6810, respectively. After the challenge, we further fine tuned the parameters and improved the F1 scores of the two subtasks to 0.8823 and 0.7048, respectively.

Conclusions

The experimental results showed that the system based on the proposed method can extract family history information from clinical text effectively.
With Great Hopes Come Great Expectations: Access and Adoption Issues Associated With COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Su Zhaohui , McDonnell Dean , Cheshmehzangi Ali , Li Xiaoshan , Maestro Daniel , Šegalo Sabina , Ahmad Junaid , Hao Xiaoning
Published: February 2021

Although COVID-19 vaccines are becoming increasingly available, their ability to effectively control and contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is highly contingent on an array of factors. This paper discusses how limitations to vaccine accessibility, issues associated with vaccine side effects, concerns regarding vaccine efficacy, along with the persistent prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among the public, including health care professionals, might impact the potential of COVID-19 vaccines to curb the pandemic. We draw insights from the literature to identify practical solutions that could boost people’s adoption of COVID-19 vaccines and their accessibility. We conclude with a discussion on health experts’ and government officials’ moral and ethical responsibilities to the public, even in light of the urgency to adopt and endorse “the greatest amount of good for the greatest number” utilitarian philosophy in controlling and managing the spread of COVID-19.
Building an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Humanitarian Aid Delivery
Authors: Babgei Atar Fuady , Suryoatmojo Heri
Published: February 2021

When an emergency occurs, immediate responses are needed for the affected areas. Conventional means of transportation often face difficulties carrying supplies to the location in need, especially in severely damaged areas.In this project, a small semi-autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was designed and constructed to undertake a representative humanitarian aid mission. The system has a novel hex-rotor design with overlapping propellers. Half of the motors have been turned upside down with a slight overlap between each propeller, hence reducing the total dimension of the system without losing its efficiency. The system is also equipped with a new lightweight servo activated two ring release system, allowing it to carry and release two kilograms of payloads with only small physical force needed.Overall, the system is capable to operate automatically while performing a series of tasks such as navigate waypoints and deliver payloads before returning to base. the system created in this project could deliver two individual payloads of 1 kg each to the pre-destinated target almost autonomously. The system provided promising results that encourage the utilization of UAV for delivering Humanitarian Aid.
Balancing the Needs of Acute and Maintenance Dialysis Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Carson Rachel C. , Forzley Brian , Thomas Sarah , Preto Nina , Hargrove Gaylene , Virani Alice , Antonsen John , Brown Melanie , Copland Michael , Michaud Marie , Singh Anurag , Levin Adeera
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to strain health care systems and drive shortages in medical supplies and equipment around the world. Resource allocation in times of scarcity requires transparent, ethical frameworks to optimize decision making and reduce health care worker and patient distress. The complexity of allocating dialysis resources for both patients receiving acute and maintenance dialysis has not previously been addressed. Using a rapid, collaborative, and iterative process, BC Renal, a provincial network in Canada, engaged patients, doctors, ethicists, administrators, and nurses to develop a framework for addressing system capacity, communication challenges, and allocation decisions. The guiding ethical principles that underpin this framework are (1) maximizing benefits, (2) treating people fairly, (3) prioritizing the worst-off individuals, and (4) procedural justice. Algorithms to support resource allocation and triage of patients were tested using simulations, and the final framework was reviewed and endorsed by members of the provincial nephrology community. The unique aspects of this allocation framework are the consideration of two diverse patient groups who require dialysis (acute and maintenance), and the application of two allocation criteria (urgency and prognosis) to each group in a sequential matrix. We acknowledge the context of the Canadian health care system, and a universal payer in which this framework was developed. The intention is to promote fair decision making and to maintain an equitable reallocation of limited resources for a complex problem during a pandemic.
Analysis of Theoretical Concepts for Interpretation the Result of the Experimental Studies of Free Groundwater Level Oscillation in Wells
Authors: Burakov Mikhail M.
Published: February 2021

A number of publications present the results of an experimental study of free oscillations of groundwater piezometric level in wells with their eigenfrequencies. The oscillations were initiated by a pulsed impact on the aquifer through the well. Also in a number of publications a theoretical interpretation was proposed for the established phenomenon. However, the existing theoretical ideas about free oscillations of the groundwater level seem to be incorrect. In the present work, a critical analysis of these available theoretical concepts is performed. The analysis served as an impetus to the development of a consistent theory of relaxation filtration of groundwater.
Дхарани из состава Монгольского Ганджура (на примере «Дхарани, именуемой „Сердце-сущность Святого, [обладающего] безграничной жизнью и знанием“»)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Muzraeva Delyash N. , Batsuuri A. ,   Khovd State University (P.O. Box-16/4300, Khovd 164300, Jargalant Sum, Khovd Province, Mongolia)
Published: February 2021

The article deals with dhāraṇī texts included in the 108-volume Mongolian language Kangyur. A xylographic edition of the Mongolian Kangyur was delivered from expeditions to China by the Indian scientist Raghuvira, and subsequently used for reprint in the Śata-Piṭaka Series by Lokesh Chandra. A copy of this 108-volume serial publication was purchased through Buryat monasteries by the Kalmyk Gelong Tugmyud Gavji (O. M. Dordzhiev, 1887‒1980), and now constitutes a valuable part of the collection of old written sources at the Scientific Archive of Kalmyk Scientific Center (RAS). Analysis of tables of contents that precede each volume of the L. Chandra edition, and that of texts included show that dhāraṇī (Sanskrit dhāraṇī, Tib. Gzungs ‘spell’, Mong. tarni, toγtaγal ‘tarni, darani, magic formulas’) texts can be traced in a number of volumes and, respectively, in different sections, mainly in ones titled Dandr-a (‘Tantra’) and Eldeb (‘Collection of Sutras’). So, some volumes include single texts and others cluster them in single blocks (selections). The Dhāraṇī Titled ‘Heart-Essence [of the Holy One Possessing] Limitless Life and Knowledge’ is one such dhāraṇī text from Volume 23 transliterated and translated (with comments) in this work. Goals. The article examines available materials and provides an overview of dhāraṇī works within the Mongolian Kangyur, presents a translation of one notable dhāraṇī. Materials and Methods. The study gains comparative textual and structural insights into the Lokesh Chandra edition of the Kangyur and compares it to other editions, seeking to identify specific compositional features of various publications and reasons underlying the latter. Results and Conclusions. History of Mongolian Kangyur compilations – the compendium at large and its individual texts – is very complicated and requires further research.
Лиса как персонаж сказок о животных ойратов Синьцзяна
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Goryaeva Baira B. , Lan Yu ,   Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Room 1114, 5 Jiannei Dajie, Beijing 100732, People’s Republic of China)
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Animal tales are the oldest genre of oral art. Genetically, they go back to myths about animals developed through human aspiration to learn the outer world. Myths had a magical meaning for man who believed himself related by blood to animals, which inevitably resulted in attributing individual characteristics to personified animals. The defining features of animal tales as a genre are the system of characters, trick as a basis of the plot, and dialogue that creates the drama of events. Animal tales are an organic part of the magic epic of many peoples, including the Oirats of Xinjiang (China) where the former are presented in large numbers. Over a hundred texts of myths and fairy tales with animals as central characters have been published in Clear Script folklore collections and periodicals. One of the main characters to such fairy tales is fox. Goals. The article seeks to review texts of animal tales which reveal different characteristics of fox as a trickster, determine the range of fairy tale texts with fox as a main acting character. Fairy-tale folklore of Xinjiang Oirats of Xinjiang — including tales about animals — are thus newly introduced into Russian scientific discourse. Conclusions. Stories ending with triumphs of the sly fox constitute a majority of the tale cycle about sly animals. It should be noted that this character is equally characterized by cunning and stupidity. As is shown by the texts introduced, fox is far not always that victorious but rather may fall victim to other characters’ deeds.
A PERSPECTIVA DECOLONIAL NOS CURSOS DE FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES:
Authors: Poso Fabiana de Freitas , Monteiro Bruno Andrade Pinto
Published: February 2021

Este texto traz reflexões sobre o processo de decolonialidade, o qual questiona a lógica hegemônica de uma cultura comum, de base ocidental e eurocêntrica e que ainda é dominante nas instituições educativas. Ele apresenta um panorama descritivo a partir do estado da arte de vinte e seis artigos selecionados do Google Acadêmico, que fizeram ponderações acerca da perspectiva decolonial nos cursos de formação de professores, demonstrando a necessidade dos mesmos superarem a racionalidade técnica e de estarem comprometidos com a construção identitária deste futuro docente. Criando, desta forma, situações de interlocução para o aparecimento das insurgências contrárias a estes modelos hegemônicos.
ESCRITAS E REFLEXÕES DE SI: memorial como dispositivo autoformativo
Authors: Silva Fabrício Oliveira da , Mattos Rita de Cássia Menezes de
Published: February 2021

O artigo busca compreender a contribuição do memorial como dispositivo metodológico que contribui na/para a formação docente. A pesquisa se configura numa abordagem qualitativa que emprega análise biográfica desenvolvida com a intenção de compreender a produção (auto)biográfica como recurso (auto)formativo de/para formação docente. Utiliza-se como recolha de informações as escritas de um memorial de formação produzido por uma professora em formação continuada em curso de pós-graduação. As concepções se ancoram nos fundamentos de Diehl (2002), Souza (2006), Gomes (2008), Josso (2010), Tardif (2012) e Silva (2020). Os resultados sugerem que as discussões em torno da pesquisa (auto)biográfica no campo educacional possibilita ao sujeito produzir sentido sobre o processo de formação e sobre as aprendizagens desenvolvidas no percurso formativo. Foi possível evidenciar que a utilização da escrita (auto)biográfica constitui-se em um interessante instrumento formativo pessoal/profissional.
EDUCAÇÃO DE SURDOS: Aspectos a se considerar segundo percepção dos alunos de um Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia sobre inserção em espaço acadêmico
Authors: Freitas Cesar Gomes de , Delou Cristina Maria Carvalho , Sá Tatiane Militão de , Castro Helena Carla
Published: February 2021

O cenário da inclusão dos alunos surdos no ensino médio e superior ainda se encontra em construção e demanda avaliações constantes para adequação do atendimento acadêmico deste público. Este trabalho apresentou como objetivo uma investigação e análise da percepção dos alunos com deficiência sobre o atendimento recebido em um Instituto Federal da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica. O público alvo escolhido foi os alunos surdos de um Instituto Federal da Região Norte do país, que ainda está em fase de implantação, com cinco anos
de atividade, considerando nessa escolha que a deficiência surdez é aquela que se apresenta em maior proporção dentre os alunos com deficiência atendidos nesta Instituição. O trabalho utilizou uma abordagem quali-quantitativa e empregou questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados indicaram que apesar de satisfeitos com o atendimento recebido, os alunos percebem a existência de diversos problemas e preocupações, principalmente em relação ao despreparo de professores para o atendimento a este público, o que aponta para a necessidade de que se realize formação acadêmica dos professores tanto em nível superior quanto em pós-graduação em relação a esse tema.