bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ensino de Projeto de Arquitetura e de Desenho Urbano
Authors: Reis Antônio Tarcísio
Published: June 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo reforçar a importância da ideia de ‘projeto para quem’ através da abordagem da área de estudos ‘Ambiente e Comportamento’ no ensino do projeto de arquitetura e desenho urbano, consolidada por mais de 20 anos em uma turma da disciplina de Introdução ao Projeto Arquitetônico II (IPA II), situada no 2º. Semestre do Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Assim, os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados na disciplina incluem a apresentação e a discussão de conceitos, visando a formação de um repertório para o aluno, a realização de análises, avaliações e sínteses. Dentre os conceitos abordados estão aqueles relacionados à estética e à composição arquitetônica, à função e à inserção da edificação em seu contexto, fundamentados em teorias e resultados de pesquisas sobre as relações entre o ambiente construído e os seus usuários. As análises e avaliações incluem aquelas realizadas em aula, com base em determinados projetos arquitetônicos, assim como através de dois exercícios, enquanto as sínteses constam em outros dois exercícios, incluindo o projeto de uma residência com base nas necessidades dos moradores de uma casa existente selecionada pelo aluno e nas características arquitetônicas, urbanas e geográficas da área onde essa casa se situa, conectando o aluno com a realidade. Dentre os resultados obtidos está o fato de que os projetos realizados pelos alunos tendem a ter uma maior qualidade estética e funcional do que os projetos das casas selecionadas, vários desses elaborados por arquitetos.
Editorial
Authors: Arroyo Julio Ernesto
Published: June 2022

Editorial
Investigación- Categoría B
Authors: Varios Autores
Published: June 2022

Premios Arquisur
MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SLAG ACTIVATED WITH SODIUM SILICATE
Authors: Caron Richard , Dehn Frank
Published: June 2022

The study focuses on developing a detailed understanding of microstructure and mechanical behaviour of alkali-activated slag with sodium silicate. The slag used in this study was provided by Ecocem (Netherlands) and consists of 38.8 % CaO, 36.3 % SiO2, 12.8 % Al2O3 and 8.0 % MgO. It was activated with two sodium silicate solutions. The two mixes were studied on a paste level. They have the same water/slag ratio w/s = 0.4 kg/kg and the same sodium content n = 5.0 g Na2O / 100 g slag. Two silicate ratios were investigated: Ms = 0.5 and Ms = 2.2 moles of SiO2 / moles of Na2O. Early-age mechanisms and reaction products of the activation of the slag were analysed with isothermal calorimetry, SEM images and chemical characterization. In addition, compressive and flexural strength were determined. Despite different reaction steps in comparison to ordinary Portland cement, the obtained mechanical properties seem to be sufficient for structural application.
SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT PUBLICATIONS OUTPUT OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Oguntona Olusegun Aanuoluwapo , Dywili Siyabulela , Aigbavboa Clinton O
Published: June 2022

Globally, research publications output has become one of the yardsticks for ranking research institutions, universities, faculties, and departments. Notable bodies such as the Times Higher Education (THE), Centre for World University Rankings (CWUR), Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) and the Cybermetrics Lab collates and publishes world university rankings yearly. The rankings are a result of rigorous evaluation of university performance based on predefined criteria such as research outputs, student enrollment, and graduate employability amongst others. As a result, these rankings have been adopted by relevant government agencies and authorities as one of the ways of evaluating the performance of universities in their domain. As one of the fields of study generating the highest rate of employment opportunities around the world, this study is aimed at analyzing and visualizing research publications within the Engineering and the Built Environment faculties of South African universities. A quantitative method was utilized to analyze the bibliometric datasets extracted from Scopus. The datasets are research publications output from 2010 â 2020. The results revealed the trend, citations, document sources, most-cited, and co-occurring keywords of research publications. It is recommended that relevant stakeholders responsible for the management of the higher education sector implement policies that will improve the performance of universities in the country.
RESIDENTS' DEGREE OF SATISFACTION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS HOUSING PROVISION IN DEVELOPING ECONOMY
Authors: Ogunbayo Babatunde Fatai , Aigbavboa Clinton Ohis , Thwala Didibhuku Wellington , Oguntona Olusegun Aanuoluwapo
Published: June 2022

One of the most significant recent shifts in the emerging economy's housing sector has been an initiative to give the private sector more responsibility for public housing provision through Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs). This intends to improve the living standard and satisfaction among the users of the provided PPPs housing provided. Based on this perception, this study examined the degree of satisfaction among PPPs housing residents in developing economies using Lagos State, Nigeria, as a case study. Through a systematic random sampling, questionnaires were distributed to 180 respondents within the selected PPPs housing in the study area. The study findings indicated a high degree of satisfaction with the location of residents, proximity to the workplace, external appearance, and space allocation among residents of PPPs housing provided. The findings further showed that residents were dissatisfied with the PPPs housing's maintenance practices and community facilities. The study recommended that parties involved in the PPPs housing, especially the government, subsidize materials required to build the houses to reduce costs. The study also suggested that maintenance units should be provided within PPPs housing to avoid damage and deterioration of provided facilities. The study concluded that in meeting residents' degree of satisfaction, community facilities such as waste disposal, security post, and electric power generator and distribution should be adequately provided to improve residents' satisfaction levels within the PPPs housing.
ANALYZING THE INTERDEPENDENCES OF CLAIM CAUSES IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: Likhitruangsilp Veerasak , Ioannou Photios G. , Van Sang Quang
Published: June 2022

Construction claims are inevitable and often lead to an adverse impact on project performances and project participants’ satisfaction. Understanding claim causes and their interdependences is imperative for effective claim management. Most previous studies have mainly focused on identifying and analyzing claim causes individually by ignoring their interdependences. As a result, their causation, interaction, and consequence were not characterized realistically. This paper analyzes the interdependences of the claim causes in construction projects by using interpretative structural modeling (ISM). Relevant literature and experts’ opinions were compiled and analyzed to identify the potential causes of construction claims initiated by construction contractors against project owners. To examine the interdependences among these claim causes, a model was formulated based on the experts’ judgment through a structured questionnaire. The model represents a two-level hierarchy of the identified claim causes and their interdependences. This model provides a deeper insight into how construction claim causes interact with one another. The results can help construction practitioners manage their claims more efficiently by controlling possible claim causes and thereby mitigating their impacts.
END CONNECTIONS OF TUBULAR MEMBERS BY CIRCULAR PLATE AND CENTRAL FLANGE
Authors: VAN BOGAERT PHILIPPE
Published: June 2022

The connection of tubular members, used as bridge hangers or in 3-D coverings, has been widely researched, both for resistance and for fatigue. Such members are also often used in scaffoldings or as lighter bracings. The connection of the tube to a single bolted or welded plate consists of a circular end plate, covering the tube’s cross section on which a perpendicular rectangular plate is welded. No analytical approximation is available to calculate stresses in such a circular plate. Hence, FE-models have to be used for each application. As this is time consuming, a systematic survey of normal and shear stress has been conducted, for 6 unity connection forces of the gusset plate. The latter are normal force, shear in 2 directions, torsion and bending moments in 2 directions. The 3 types of stresses are kept separate, to allow for linear superposition, simulating any kind of real situation. The tube diameter and plate thickness have been varied to allow regression and obtain closed formulas. It appears that larger tube diameters have the capacity to distribute force, albeit the stress should be larger due to the increase of diameter. The former effect seems to overrun the latter and stress conditions are lower for wider tubes, which is rather surprising and may prove to be useful in practice. This is also confirmed by the displacement patterns, which show larger effective width of the higher diameter circular plate.
PROBABILISTIC PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING RC BRIDGE IN A MODERATE SEISMIC ZONE
Authors: Ghazal Homam , Mwafy Aman
Published: June 2022

Observations from previous earthquakes indicated that substandard bridges in different parts of the world could be severely damaged or even suffer a collapse under strong earthquakes. Potential damage to substandard and pre-seismic code bridges can be identified using detailed inelastic assessment procedures, which supports the selection of suitable seismic mitigated approaches. In this study, a five-span simply supported typical bridge located in the UAE, which is selected as a case study representing moderate seismic zones, is investigated numerically for seismic vulnerability. The fiber-based modeling approach adopted in this study is verified using a bridge bent tested in another study using quasi-static cyclic loading experiments. A three-dimensional (3D) model is developed to consider the bridge components' geometric non-linearities and material inelasticity, including multi-column piers, superstructure, gaps, and bearings. A set of diverse input ground motions are selected, scaled, and applied to the bridge model with increasing intensities to develop fragility curves. Lower strength and higher deformation demands are observed in the longitudinal direction of the bridge compared to its transverse counterpart. The fragility analysis also confirmes the higher vulnerability in the longitudinal direction. The study highlights the pressing need for seismic retrofit to ensure the post-earthquake functionality of substandard bridges in the study region.
GFRP REINFORCED INVERTED T BEAMS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Yakout Amina , El-Ariss Bilal , El Maaddawy Tamer
Published: June 2022

The shear behavior of four Inverted T beam specimens totally reinforced with GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) transverse and flexural reinforcement is presented to analyze the effects of transverse reinforcement spacing and flexural reinforcement ratio on the beam structural performance. All beams had a span-to-depth ratio of 1.4. Main parameters comprised GFRP flexural reinforcement ratio of 2.5 and 4 times the balance reinforcement ratio and stirrups spacing of 75 and 120 mm. The load-displacement curves and the load-strain results of the stirrups and flexural reinforcement are reported in detail. Increasing the transverse reinforcement area notably improved both the loadcarrying capacity and the stiffness of the beams. Similarly, the ductility and capacity were upgraded when the flexure reinforcement ratio of the beams was increased. It can be concluded that increasing the transverse reinforcement area and flexural reinforcement ratio substantially improved the structural safety and crack control of the inverted T beams.
Development of models, methods and tools for creating a digital platform for agreed planning of heterogeneous group of small space satellites for remote earth sensing
Authors: Galuzin Vladimir A.
Published: June 2022

The paper describes a development of models, methods and tools for creating a digital platform for coordinated planning of heterogeneous orbital constellations for Earth remote sensing, which can include from several dozens to hundreds of small satellites. These orbital constellations are created in response to the massive increase in the load on currently operating systems. New systems, in comparison with traditional single satellite, impose much more tough requirements on methods and means of planning, and only a few of the existing solutions can at least partially correspond to them. Thus, there is a need to develop new planning approaches that take into account the domain semantics more deeply. As one of such approaches, the paper presents expanded application of multi-agent technology. The essence of this approach lies in numerous negotiations between agents of imaging applications through mutual compromises and concessions. And the desired efficiency is achieved by searching for the global optimum for each application and using this information in a targeted search for a general solution for the entire system. The paper provides a problem statement of planning the operation of an orbital constellation for Earth remote sensing. Furthermore, it describes the developed method, which makes it possible to process applications for imaging observation objects in real time. The paper also presents results of experimental studies that demonstrate efficiency of the developed multi-agent method in solving this problem versus traditional approaches. The architecture of the developed system is proposed, describing the functions of the main modules and screens. The obtained results and prospects for further development and application of the developed approach are discussed both for solving complex problems of adaptive control of small satellite constellations in mission control centers on Earth, and for creating a distributed space system "Swarm of satellites" for operation in open space.
Deep neural network for diagnostics of railway track components
Authors: Orlov Sergey P. , Efimushkin Nikolai A. , Efimushkina Natalia V.
Published: June 2022

The problem of increasing the speed of railway transportation and ensuring reliability is associated with constant monitoring of the condition of the railway tracks. The modern track measuring cars are equipped with video cameras and computer equipment for processing the received information. However, manual processing of data by operators in real-time is not possible. The article proposes a deep convolutional neural network for automatically recognizing and classifying defects in rail joints on rail track images. The rail video observation forms the image array during the passage of the track recording car. The formation of classes of rail joints is described. Regular rail joints with connectors, insulating joints, and welded joints are considered. Additional classes are identified, corresponding to various anomalous configurations of rail joints in the images. A modified structure of a pre-trained deep convolutional network is constructed. When preparing training samples, the actual images of rail joints were supplemented with artificial images obtained by affine transformations. The process of training and testing the classifier based on the developed convolutional network is described. The Transfer Learning is used to train the neural network. As a result of the experiments, the accuracy of classifying rail joints and detecting defects was at least 96%.
Development and research of induction heating system in technological complexes of oil transportation
Authors: Danilushkin Aleksandr I. , Danilushkin Vasiliy A.
Published: June 2022

The problem of development and research of an induction system for heating viscous non-conductive liquids during transportation through pipelines is considered. A specific feature of the research object is the combination of the processes of heating a laminar fluid flow in a cylindrical inductor and mixing in a three-phase inductor - mixer. Research of interrelated electromagnetic, thermal and electromechanical processes in heating and stirring systems has been carried out. The results of a numerical calculation of electromagnetic and thermal fields and the electromagnetic moment of rotation of the rotor in a heated liquid are presented. A relationship has been established between the thermal power released in the elements of the system and the power used to rotate the rotor. The electromechanical (control) characteristics of the induction mixer are given. It is shown that with an appropriate choice of design and operating parameters of the induction system, it is possible to find the required ratio between the thermal power released in the elements of the system and the power used to stir the liquid. The results of the research are intended to solve the problems of designing the design of induction systems for heating viscous liquids and effective control of the heating process.
La resistencia a la insulina como factor etiológico en el síndrome del ovario poliquístico: un estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Singh Jyoti R. , Jain Anju , Wadhwa Nishtha , H.R. Tilak , Ahirwar Ashok Kumar
Published: June 2022

Objectivos

Aunque la relación entre la resistencia a la insulina (RI) y el síndrome del ovario poliquístico (SOP) ha sido demostrada en diversos estudios, los mecanismos subyacentes de causa y efecto aún no han sido dilucidados. En los últimos años, se ha señalado que la RI podría ser un factor etiológico clave, asociado a la gravedad de los desórdenes metabólicos y reproductivos de las pacientes con SOP. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar el papel de la RI en la etiología del SOP.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio analítico de casos y controles, en el que se incluyó a 30 pacientes normoglucémicas con SOP (definido conforme a los criterios revisados de Rotterdam 2003) con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y los 35 años. En el grupo de control se incluyó a 30 voluntarias sanas de edades similares. La glucosa en ayudas se analizó mediante espectrofotometría, mientras que la insulina en ayunas se midió mediante inmunoensayo de quimioluminiscencia. Los valores de HOMA-IR, Log HOMA-IR, QUICKI, G/I y FIRI se calcularon aplicando las fórmulas estándar.

Resultados

en el grupo de casos, los parámetros antropométricos y marcadores de RI estaban elevados, mientras que los índices QUICKI y HOMA fueron inferiores, comparados con el grupo de controles (p<0,05). Las pacientes con un IMC ≥25 mostraron valores más elevados en los marcadores de RI, así como unos índices QUICKI y G/I menores que las pacientes con un IMC <25, y que los controles con un IMC similar. No se observaron diferencias significativas en los marcadores de RI entre las pacientes con alta y baja obesidad central.

Conclusiones

En las pacientes con SOP obesas y normoglucémicas, la elevación de los marcadores de RI no se puede atribuir únicamente a la obesidad o a la obesidad central. La presencia temprana de RI en pacientes con un diagnóstico reciente de SOP, incluso antes de desarrollar hiperglucemia e hiperinsulinemia, señala a la RI como un factor causal en el desarrollo del SOP.
The deterministic and stochastic solutions for the nonlinear Phi-4 equation
Authors: Abdelrahman Mahmoud A. E. , Sohaly Mohamed A. , Ammar Sherif I. , Alharbi Yousef F.
Published: June 2022

In the present work, the exp(−φ(ξ))-expansion method is applied for solving the deterministic and stochastic Phi-4 equation. Namely, we introduce hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational function solutions. The computational study shows that the offered method is pretentious, robust, and influential in applications of interesting analysis, observations of particle physics, plasma physics, quantum field theory, and fluid dynamics. The control on the randomness input (the coefficients are random variables) is studied in order to obtain stability stochastic process solution with beta distribution. In this work, we will deal with stability moment method and then we apply the mean square calculus for the stability concept.
Beyond the Business Climate: Supplementary Questions in the ifo Business Survey
Authors: Demmelhuber Katrin , Sauer Stefan , Wohlrabe Klaus
Published: June 2022

In the monthly ifo Business Survey, around 9000 companies answer questions about their current business situation, expectations, and plans for the near future as well as on other business variables. Beyond the regular questions, ifo has also the possibility to include supplementary questions into the survey. These questions may be prompted by the intention to obtain an ad hoc picture of the effects of certain developments in economic policy on the companies and their reactions to them (e.g. the Covid-19 pandemic or the war in Ukraine). Another reason is the collection of data for research projects. This article gives an overview of all supplementary questions since 2009 through May 2022. It intends to show examples of the use of the obtained data and can be used as a guide for future research projects. Researchers can work with the firm-level microdata of supplementary and regular survey questions at the LMU-ifo Economics & Business Data Center.
Study on the Phenomenon of Film Rereleasing in China in the Post-Pandemic Era: Cultural Significance and Industrial Mechanisms
Authors: Kong Zhaopeng , Li Yinong
Published: June 2022

This paper discusses the value and significance of classic film rereleases in Chinese movie theaters in the post-pandemic era. From the perspectives of rereading standards, collective memory, and emotional identity, the rerelease of classic films is a way to pursue the spiritual and cultural continuity of human beings in an open-ended dimension of history. In considering the rerelease of classic films in Chinese movie theaters in the post-pandemic era, we should not only systematically study internal demands such as content and value judgment, but also analyze external factors such as the development of the film industry and evolutions in audience demand, so as to promote the sustainable development of rerelease mechanisms for Chinese films.
Introduction to sound change in endangered or small speech communities
Authors: Zellou Georgia , DiCanio Christian , Pycha Anne , Yu Alan C. L.
Published: June 2022

How sound change is initiated and propagates in smaller speech communities is not well understood. This paper provides an overview of the main themes, including theoretical and methodological issues, of the special collection on sound change in endangered and small speech communities.
‘I would never…’: Deictic shift and moralizing in anti-immigration reader comments
Authors: Stamatović Milica Vuković
Published: June 2022

This paper studies how readers respond to a counterfactual request inviting them to imagine themselves in the shoes of an immigrant in a corpus of online reader comments to a Yahoo article on Latino immigration. We initially considered 7,000 comments and for our corpus and analysis selected those in which the commenters perform a deictic shift, i.e. assume the deictic center of the immigrant using the first-person pronoun I and the adjective my, which totalled to 452 comments. The discourse of the comments, however, turned out to be very moralizing – i.e. while managing to assume the spatial and the temporal position of the immigrants, they refused to share the same moral grounds as them, which resulted in a series of I would… and I would never… propositions, which frame the commenters as vastly morally superior to the immigrants. The commenters occupy the legality, good parenting, patriotism and gratitude moral high grounds and often revert to moral grandstanding.
Application of the Rietveld-PONKCS Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Cements and Pitfalls of Hydration Stopping Methods
Authors: Adu-Amankwah Sam , Black Leon , Zajac Maciej
Published: June 2022

Existing methods to quantify the degree of hydration of cementitious materials, such as selective dissolution and image analysis of scanning electron micrographs, are either laborious or unreliable. Meanwhile, quantitative X-ray powder diffraction (QXRD), routinely used to study kinetics and phase evolution of hydrating cements, presents opportunities to determine quantities of crystalline and poorly crystalline phases simultaneously. The profile fitting technique, however, requires structure files, which are nonexistent for poorly crystalline materials, including most supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). This contribution is focused upon developing a pseudo-structure file for ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), a Phase of No Known Crystal Structure (PONKCS) for implementation in the Rietveld refinement. Factors affecting the developed model and its stability are assessed. Following, the model is used to quantify the residual GGBS content in hydrated composite cement. The effect of hydration stoppage technique on accuracy of the PONKCS phase is assessed on a binary slag cement. The results show that the PONKCS phase was stable in synthetic and hydrated cements. Hydration stopping methods that modified the background through decomposition of phase assemblages, e.g., freeze-drying, also caused overestimation of the PONKCS phase. The QXRD/PONKCS technique is less laborious, has good consistency with the quantified crystalline phase, and enables the degree of hydration of SCMs to be measured alongside hydrated phase assemblages.
Construction of Smart Public Data Management Evaluation Index System Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chen Hong , Pan Tong , Zhou Xiangzhen , Fu Qiang , Chen Hui
Published: June 2022

Aiming at the problems of low storage efficiency, high execution cost, and high energy consumption of traditional regional public management evaluation indexes, a regional public management evaluation index system based on genetic algorithm is constructed. This paper processes the data of regional public management resources and constructs the evaluation index system model of regional public management under the environment of genetic algorithm, find the parallel points through the classification principle of genetic algorithm, and realize the regional public management resource data classification based on genetic algorithm. Based on this, the extended genetic algorithm is introduced to dynamically expand the storage node to back up the data of the inner node. Through the multithreshold image processing method, the data can be evenly stored in multiple nodes, and the construction of regional public management evaluation index system based on genetic algorithm is realized. The implementation results show that the proposed method can ensure the effective storage of regional public management resource data with high efficiency and low cost.
Relationship Between Hemoglobin Level and Feeding Pattern in Apparently Healthy Children Below Two Years
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed , Al-Rabaty Abbas , Alnakshabandi Abdulkadir
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Anemia is still one of the most common problems in the world even in developed countries, but its evaluation is still underestimated especially in developing countries like our, so it needs further planning, screening and management. This study was done in 12 primary health care centers PHCC in Erbil city – Kurdistan re-gion/Iraq during period fro 1st Feb - 31st Jul 2008. The main objectives were to determine the hemoglobin value in our children , to estimate the prevalence of anemia and correlating it with feeding pattern . Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 500 apparently healthy children col-lected randomly, visiting the vaccination centers routinely during 5 months period. Feeding. pattern were studied in relation to hemoglobin (Hb) level only. Results: From total 500 children conducted in this study, the mean Hb. of them was 10.4 g/dl. Those with normal Hb were 196 (39.2%), while 304 (60.4%) of them were anemic. Those with mild anemia were 145 (29.0%) and 159 (31.8%) of them had moderate anemia. The sex had no effect on Hb level. The anemia was lesser in children below one year Children on breast feeding had lower percent of anemia (51.9%),those on exclusive breast feeding only 6 (33.4%) while those on adult milk (74.9%) of them were anemic. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of anemia among the investigated children and less common in children with breast feedin.
Estimation of Interleukin-8 Level in Diarrheic Children Infected with Rotavirus
Authors: Al-Barzinji Rukia
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Rotavirus is the most important cause of severe diarrhea in children worldwide. We have investigated that certain cytokines especially interleukin- 8 (IL-8) as a chemokine, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of and the protection against rotavirus disease in children. The purpose of this study was to reveal the association between IL-8 and child diarrhea with rotavirus. Methods: Stool samples were collected from 150 children under 5 years of age who developed diarrhea and 45 from non-diarrheic children of equivalent age. All samples were detected for rotavirus and serum IL-8 level. The study was undertaken from May to December of 2006. Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was applied for detection rotavirus and IL-8. Results: Among the children, female patients with breast feeding were less infected with rotavirus compared to males with artificial and mixed feeding. The IL-8 concentration was highly significantly between the study groups (P< 0.01). Regarding the gender, serum IL-8 level was significantly higher in males than females (P<0.05). However, no significance prevalence in IL-8 level was recorded between gender in healthy control group (P >0.05). Conclusion: Rotavirus infection induces the expression of chemokines as IL-8. These data support the hypothesis that chemokine secretion may play a role in the initiation and modulation of the immune response to rotavirus infection.
Efficacy of Darbepoetin alfa in anemic dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease – a review of 21 cases
Authors: Baranidharan G.R. , Ramesh P , Chandrasekar M , Sumathi D , Thilagar B G , Jeyaraja K , Jayathangaraj M G
Published: June 2022

Anemia due to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a major portion of hemodynamic imbalance in dogs. Although the pathogenesis of the anemia in CKD is multifactorial, decreased production of erythropoietin by the diseased kidneys has been proven and the severity of anemia correlates positively with serum creatinine concentrations in affected dogs. Therapeutic whole and Packed Red Blood Cell transfusion has always been a main stay in practice. However, the unavailability of appropriate dog donors, blood typing modalities and occurrence of post transfusion reactions are the common hurdles encountered. Alternatively, Darbepoetin alfa, a hyperglycosylated synthetic recombinant erythropoietin which is commonly used in human patients with CKD induced anemia is used in recent canine practice. Unlike human transfusion medicine, not much of study has been documented in dogs in India. However anecdotally, darbepoetin is perceived to less likely form antibodies compared to erythropoietin. A study comprising of 21 dogs referred to Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital (MVCTH) with CKD (stage II, III & IV were 7, 9 & 5 respectively) of multifactorial etiology during the period of January to December 2017 was done. Injectable Darbepoetin was administered @0.5μg/kg subcutaneously once in a week for three weeks along with supplementation of Iron to achieve a medium hematocrit of 30%. Efficacy of Darbepoetin was evaluated by measuring pre and post therapeutic clinico pathological studies. Darbepoetin proved effective in increasing PCV, anemic crisis potentially in 66.7% of dogs. Hypertension, vomiting, melena, inappetance were common findings in affected dogs and coexistence of normocytic, normochromic progressive anemia which responds to Darbepoetin alfa therapy. Though expensive than Erythropoietin, Darbepoetin @0.5μg/kg s/c proved safe and effective in improving packed cell volume in CKD dogs as an alternative to packed RBC or whole blood transfusion. Further immunological, toxicological and clinical studies on Darbepoetin therapy is warranted in a large population in dogs. Keywords: Ckd; Azotemia; Anemia; Darbepoetin
Modification of Design of Cryo-Oxygen Plant for Improved Performance
Authors: Rao T Rama , Ojha P Ranjan
Published: June 2022

Development of an industry is very important for the nation and so is its economical functioning. Cryogenics, being versatile in its application needs proper nourishment and care, which is done by periodic improvements in its systems. Specifically liquid Oxygen is a very important item for high level research and applications. The possibility of launching space vehicle has also come due to the development of liquid oxygen. This also finds its use as a lifesaving item for doctors and many more. The necessity for the economic development of these plants will benefit mankind in many fields. There are many researches which has been done starting from reducing the cost of Oxygen Liquefaction and ultimately its production for cryogenics. The only expenditure for production of liquid Oxygen is electricity. Out of the total electricity consumed, compressor consumes 90% and the remaining 10% is used in running other machinery and lighting of the plants. Studies have also led to the fact that the temperature also plays a great role in consumption of electricity. So in this paper, an attempt has been done to reduce this temperature also. We have incorporated a solar refrigeration system and Freon cooler. Booster compressor is also introduced and modification in it has led to the work saving up to 4.30%. Keywords: Cryogenics; Liquefaction; Solar Refrigeration System; Freon cooler; Booster Compressor;
Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Urethane Acrylate Based Pigment Colour Stability
Authors: Z Grigale-Sorocina , R Pilipavica , I Birks
Published: June 2022

The aim of the paper is to analyse the influence of violet and green pigment concentration on acrylate coating colour stability with increased temperature and in UV light. A set of coating formulations were generated with different pigment mass concentrations (0, 1% to 5%) and coating colour change were evaluated at room temperature, at 50°C and in direct sunlight over a 28 day period. After application and UV cure, the samples were examined using spectrometric methods. Spectrometric colour difference measurements were performed using colour system CIEL*a*b* to evaluate their stability over time. It was found that increasing pigment concentration improves the colour stability.
Production and Characterization of Magnetic Fe3O4Nanoparticles Coated with PCL for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Vieira Jaqueline , Maurmann Natasha , Venturini Janio , Pranke Patricia , Pérez Bergmann Carlos
Published: June 2022

Currently, magnetic nanoparticles are widely studied with regard to their application in cancer treatment. This study aims to show a straightforward strategy for the production of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with biocompatible surface modifications with polycaprolactone (PCL) for biomedical purposes. The effects of the polymer coating on the properties of magnetite were evaluated. Crystallinity, morphology, composition, hydrodynamic size and magnetic properties of the produced nanoparticles were analysed via X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), respectively. The proposed method produced nanoparticles of magnetite with an average size between 9 and 11 nm, with spherical morphology and superparamagnetic properties. Magnetization values were not compromised even when the highest amount of polymer was used in the surface modification. On the other hand, the coating resulted in the decrease of the hydrodynamic size of the composites, indicating greater colloidal stability when the polymer was present. The obtained nanoparticles showed maintenance of significant superparamagneticbehavior, even in the presence of PCL on their surface. This phenomenon would allow for their application as a further optimized vector in hyperthermia cancer treatment, controlled drug delivery and resonance imaging. Keywords: Nanoparticles; Magnetite;PCL; Cancer; Hyperthermia
Preliminary Studies on Making Antibacterial Latex-Chitosan Film Composite
Authors: Habibie Sudirman , Hamzah Mohamad , Susanto Herri , E Harahap Muslim
Published: June 2022

Research on the application of chitosan as an edible film and coating has been developed. However, its hydrophilic nature causes edible films and coatings to be sensitive to air humidity so that they have a low moisture barrier. In addition, chitosan also has low thermal stability. This research combines natural rubber which is hydrophobic with relatively high thermal stability with chitosan which is antibacterial. The composite film between latex and chitosan was made by using the pour solution method. The occurrence of composites between latex and chitosan was proven from the results of FTIR and SEM characterization. The results of TGA characterization showed that the latex film (sample L1) had the highest thermal stability and the latex-chitosan composite (sample L1C3) had the lowest thermal stability. In the antibacterial test, it was concluded that the latex-chitosan film composite did not have bacteriocidal properties which was thought to be caused by the amine group in chitosan which could not diffuse on the media because it had formed a composite with latex. Based on the results of characterization and tests that have been carried out, it is concluded that the latex-chitosan composite film has thermal stability, optimal morphology in oxygen exchange with carbon dioxide, and has unmissable bacteriostatic properties. bacteria, liquid droplets, and moisturizers are samples of the L1C1 formula which is a sample with a 1% chitosan content. Keywords: Latex; Chitosan; Chitosan Latex Composite Film; Solution Casting; Thermal Stability; Antibacterial
Fast and Energy Efficient Curing of Composites –Fenecom Project
Authors: Goethals Frederik , Paelinck Pol , Vanneste Myriam , Lungwitz Ralf
Published: June 2022

This contribution presents alternative methods to cure thermoset composites in a more energy-efficient way. Therefore, three low energy demanding and fast curing sources which are UV, electron beam and infrared are selected as curing technology. For the UV and electron beam curing, special matrix formulations are developed, and these are combined with glass and carbon fibre reinforcements. For infrared curing, conventional thermoset epoxies are used and the curing parameters are optimized to prepare carbon and basalt composites. Finally, the flexural modulus and strength (3-point bending method), and glass transition temperatures (DSC) of the obtained composites samples are determined.
Strengthening Children's Religious Education Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic Through Family Empowerment
Authors: Uksan Arifuddin
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to analyze the extent to which the family has an important role in instilling and growing character values that exist in society through strengthening religion in children as a result of the Covid -19 pandemic. The research method used is a qualitative method with a religious approach. Data collection techniques using documentation techniques in the form of scientific journals and books written by competent authors. The study of data analysis used content analysis techniques. The findings of this study are the strategic position of the family, if properly prepared, will become a vital place for human development, especially in preparing human resources who have noble character qualities. On the contrary, it will be a source of disaster when religion in the family is ignored or does not get an adequate portion. This study contradicts the reinforcement theory of motivation proposed by B. F. Skinner but supports the theory of moral strengthening of Imam Al-Gazali. The conclusion of the study is that family empowerment can strengthen the practice of religion in children as a result of the  Covid-19 pandemic which is very strategic because it essentially aims to change individual behavior, knowledge, attitudes and values and skills.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana keluarga memiliki peran penting dalam menanamkan dan menumbuhkan nilai-nilai karakter yang ada di masyarakat melalui penguatan agama pada anak akibat pandemi Covid -19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan religi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi berupa jurnal ilmiah dan buku-buku yang ditulis oleh penulis yang berkompeten. Kajian analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis isi. Temuan penelitian ini adalah posisi strategis keluarga, jika dipersiapkan dengan baik, akan menjadi tempat vital bagi pembangunan manusia, terutama dalam mempersiapkan sumber daya manusia yang memiliki kualitas akhlak mulia. Sebaliknya, akan menjadi sumber malapetaka ketika agama dalam keluarga diabaikan atau tidak mendapat porsi yang memadai. Penelitian ini bertentangan dengan teori penguatan motivasi yang dikemukakan oleh B. F. Skinner tetapi mendukung teori penguatan moral Imam Al-Gazali. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah pemberdayaan keluarga dapat memperkuat pengamalan agama pada anak akibat pandemi Covid-19 yang sangat strategis karena pada hakikatnya bertujuan untuk mengubah perilaku individu, pengetahuan, sikap dan nilai serta keterampilan. How to Cite: Uksan, A. (2021). Strengthening Children's Religious Education Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic Through Family Empowerment. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 8(2), 212-2281. doi:10.15408/tjems.v8i2.25099.
Emergency Department Child Abuse Evaluations During COVID-19: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Chaiyachati Barbara H. , Wood Joanne N. , Carter Camille , Lindberg Daniel M. , Chun Thomas H. , Cook Lawrence J. , Alpern Elizabeth R. ,   PECARN Registry Study Group and PECARN Child Abuse Special Interest Group
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

The reported impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on child maltreatment in the United States have been mixed. Encounter trends for child physical abuse within pediatric emergency departments may provide insights. Thus, this study sought to determine the change in the rate of emergency department encounters related to child physical abuse.

METHODS

A retrospective study within the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Registry. Encounters related to child physical abuse were identified by 3 methods: child physical abuse diagnoses among all ages, age-restricted high-risk injury, or age-restricted skeletal survey completion. The primary outcomes were encounter rates per day and clinical severity before (January 2018–March 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020–March 2021). Multivariable Poisson regression models were fit to estimate rate ratios with marginal estimation methods.

RESULTS

Encounter rates decreased significantly during the pandemic for 2 of 3 identification methods. In fully adjusted models, encounter rates were reduced by 19% in the diagnosis-code cohort (adjusted rate ratio: 0.81 [99% confidence interval: 0.75–0.88], P <.001), with the greatest reduction among preschool and school-aged children. Encounter rates decreased 10% in the injury cohort (adjusted rate ratio: 0.90 [confidence interval: 0.82–0.98], P = .002). For all 3 methods, rates for lower-severity encounters were significantly reduced whereas higher-severity encounters were not.

CONCLUSIONS

Encounter rates for child physical abuse were reduced or unchanged. Reductions were greatest for lower-severity encounters and preschool and school-aged children. This pattern calls for critical assessment to clarify whether pandemic changes led to true reductions versus decreased recognition of child physical abuse.
1980s
Authors: Welch Claude
Published: June 2022

The wide readership of the CSSR Bulletin positioned the publication as an excellent place to address pressing matters in the field. In a 1988 issue, Claude Welch sounded the alarm about the depreciating shelf life of library resources upon which scholars depend. In addition to a call to action, Welch shared about a collaboration between scholars and member group, the American Theological Library Association, to capture these works to fiche—a process that presages the book-scanning and pdfs upon which many of us depend.
Barns perspektiv och barnperspektiv: en analys av utgångspunkter för fritidshemmets undervisning
Authors: Perselli Ann-Katrin , Haglund Björn
Published: June 2022

Syftet med denna artikel är att utifrån en fenomenologisk och barndomssociologisk ansats problematisera och diskutera hur barns perspektiv kommer till uttryck i fritidshemslärares skriftliga beskrivningar av sin undervisning. Fokus är fritidshemslärares beskrivningar av sina utgångspunkter för undervisningen samt tillvägagångssätt för genomförandet. Studien bygger på skriftliga reflektioner från 48 lärare i fritidshem på 31 skolor i fyra svenska kommuner. I analysen framträder olika utgångspunkter för undervisningen beroende på om den är planerad eller oplanerad. I de skriftliga reflektionerna över den planerade och genomförda undervisningen överväger ett barnperspektiv hos lärarna; ett perspektiv som utgår från barns bästa, men utifrån vuxnas villkor. Utgångspunkten för planeringen är läroplanen och liten hänsyn tas till elevernas intressen och erfarenheter. I den oplanerade undervisningen framträder barns perspektiv tydligare; elever ges här större möjligheter till makt, inflytande och handling. Här beskrivs elevernas intressen, nyfikenhet och frågor som utgångspunkt för undervisningen. ’Samtal’ och ’diskussion’ är frekventa ord, vilka också indikerar att lärare och elever samtalar om saker som har mening för eleverna. Resultatet antyder att det kan finnas en glidning mellan de två perspektiven i den oplanerade undervisningen. Undervisningen kan växla från det ena perspektivet till det andra, medan motsvarande inte kan ses i lärarnas beskrivningar av den planerade undervisningen. Sammanfattningsvis belyser resultatet det korsdrag som fritidshemslärare ofta ställs inför vid planering och genomförande av undervisning.
”Nu läser vi grodans dagbok”.
Authors: Alatalo Tarja , Johansson Annie-Maj
Published: June 2022

Syftet var att bidra med kunskap om läs- och skrivutvecklande undervisning i sociala praktiker genom textutforskning och meningsskapande i naturvetenskap i en förskoleklass. Studiens utgångspunkt var att undervisning i förskoleklass behöver inriktas mot gemensamt samtalande, lyssnande, skrivande och läsande i meningsfulla och funktionella situationer för att ge eleverna möjlighet att utforska språkets form, innehåll och funktion i social interaktion. Fem lektioner då aktiviteter i naturvetenskap genomfördes i förskoleklass observerades utifrån ett lärar- och undervisningsperspektiv. Analysen utfördes med utgångspunkt i Luke och Freebodys resursmodell, som behandlar fyra sociala praktiker: kodknäckarens, textskaparens, textanvändarens och den kritiska läsarens roll. Resultatet visar att utforskandet i samband med undervisning i naturvetenskap möjliggjorde för elever att röra sig mellan de fyra praktikerna i resursmodellen i social interaktion och i meningsfulla sammanhang. Eleverna gavs förutsättningar att göra språkliga upptäckter och stärka sina ämneskunskaper både enskilt och tillsammans med andra, vilket är gynnsamt för den framväxande läsförståelsen. Läraren fokuserade inte språkutveckling utan naturvetenskapen var i centrum. Artikeln diskuterar potential att stärka den läs- och skrivutvecklande didaktiken i samband med texthändelser i naturvetenskap genom explicit undervisning om språkliga aspekter i funktionella sammanhang samt genom att lyfta fram hur form, innehåll och funktion samspelar i olika texttyper.