bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The taxation of post-mining pits. An endless controversy?
Authors: Smoleń Paweł , Świstak Marzena
Published: March 2022

The problem of taxation of post-mining pits seems to be gaining the features of a traditional, even "cult" issue, which in a rotating manner runs through the practice of tax authorities and administrative courts. In the face of constantly growing doubts the Constitutional Tribunal issued an interpretative verdict which is of breakthrough significance for the practice of taxing post-mining pits. First and foremost it resolved the fundamental dilemma concerning the post-mining pits in both the physical and comprehensive sense, determining that as such it does not constitute an object of taxation. Unfortunately, the interpretative judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal did not end the dispute between taxpayers and tax authorities. Moreover, referring to the content of the aforementioned judgment, a constitutional complaint was raised on 23 April 2019 (SK 80/19) arguing that the practice of administrative courts still violates the norms of substantive law, but also the rules of pro-constitutional interpretation presented in the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 13 September 2011. (P 33/09). When considering the complaint, the Constitutional Tribunal noticed the indicated deficiencies (lack of unambiguity and precision) in the construction of the legal norm encoded in the provision defining the notion of a structure as an object of property tax and issued a signalling decision. In this context, the main research objective was to present and analyse the problem and to formulate de lege ferenda conclusions. In this context, it seems justified to formulate a hypothesis that, despite its significant substantive meaning (putting in order, to a significant extent, the issue of taxation of mine workings), the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 13 September 2011 is not sufficient for uniform shaping of the tax practice. This is because it does not resolve all the dilemmas in this scope and directly leads to the emergence of fundamental divergences in judicial-administrative and tax bodies' decisions. As a result of the verification of the research hypothesis, the authors accepted the main thesis that it seems justified to carry out a proper amendment, which in a clear and unambiguous way will determine the subject scope of taxation. The article uses the following research methods: dogmatic and historical.
The notary as a guarantor of real estate security during a pandemic
Authors: Wrzecionek Rafał
Published: March 2022

The notary as a person in position of public trust plays a momentous part in securing legal transactions, including those related to real estate. Their particular role is not only to recognize the proper intentions of the parties to the planned action, but also their ability to carry out the economic intentions. The legislator imposes a number of duties on a notary, mainly resulting from the act - the Law on Notaries, such as the duty to ensure the proper protection of rights and legitimate interests of the parties and other persons for whom the activity performed may cause legal effects, which the notary also applies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The notary is also obliged to refuse to perform an unlawful activity and to prevent the conclusion of an agreement if he/she has doubts regarding the legal capacity of a party. The aim of the analysis is to answer the question whether the existing regulations are sufficient for a notary to properly perform his/her duties during a pandemic using also electronic means of communication allowing for real-time bilateral communication between the participants of notarial proceedings.
The limits of the consensual principle and the structure of a contract of obligation in Italian civil law
Authors: Golecki Mariusz Jerzy
Published: March 2022

The Italian legal system belongs to the so-called Roman family law. However the distinction between a contract and an agreement, famously applied in French civil law, has not been adopted by Italian legal system. The peculiar features of the concept of contract adopted under Italian law pertain to the fact that, without borrowing from the French Civil Code, nor from the German Civil Code, the Italian definition of contract expressed in art. 1321 of the Italian Civil Code has plain and concise textual meaning, specifying both the nature and legal consequences of contract making. The Italian Civil Code generally identifies a contract with an agreement of the parties concluded for the so called legal cause of the contract understood as the economic and social function of the contract. The regulation concerning concluding and enforcing contracts in accordance with art. 1324 of the Italian Civil Code have been extended to other legal actc, in particular unilateral ones, provided that they are inter vivos and the terms of contract pertain to obligatory or proprietary relations. The paper focuses on the limits of the principle of contractual consent in Italian law. The principle generally refers to the agreement as the general underlying legal condition for validity of any contract. The principle has a significant impact on the legal effects of a potential ex post collapse of the contract due to its’ invalidity in case of the transfer of ownership concerning both personal property rights and immovable property rights.
Demokracja grecka protoplastą współczesnej demokracji?
Authors: Molczyk Bartosz
Published: March 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie rozwoju demokracji na przestrzeni wieków jaki miał miejsce na terenie dzisiejszej Europy, etapów jakie przebyła demokracja od bezpośredniej po przedstawicielską, a także analizy rozwoju demokratyczności państwa greckiego i jego rozwoju demokracji. Wskazano również rozwój demokracji w innych państwach takich jak Francja czy Wielkiej Brytanii. Opisano skomplikowaną ewolucję tworzenia demokratycznych procesów jakie zachodziły i zachodzą aby dany system mógł funkcjonować.
Funkcje zasad prawa na przykładzie wybranych zasad prawa pracy - zasady równego traktowania pracowników i zakazu dyskryminowania w zatrudnieniu
Authors: Gądek Anna
Published: March 2022

W systemie prawa stanowionego fundamentalne znaczenie dla struktury i funkcjonowania całego systemu prawa jak i poszczególnych gałęzi prawa odgrywają szczególne normy prawne, określane jako zasady prawa. Celem pracy jest wykazanie znaczenia zasad prawa dla całego systemu prawnego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zasad równości i niedyskryminowania jako fundamentalnych norm zawartych w Konstytucji RP, kodeksie pracy oraz prawie Unii Europejskiej. Wskazano na istotne funkcje zasad prawa wpływające na procesy stanowienia prawa, jego interpretowania oraz stosowania w aspekcie zasady równego traktowania i zakazu dyskryminowania w stosunkach pracy.
Wybrane aspekty kontroli jakości robót betonowych konstrukcji masywnych
Authors: Bajorek Grzegorz , Barć Maciej
Published: March 2022

W artykule przedstawiono zasady nadzoru nad jakością betonu i robót betonowych w realizacji elementów masywnych. Opisano główne zagrożenia w ich wykonawstwie, po czym wskazano działania konieczne do ich właściwego przygotowania. Zwrócono uwagę na prawidłową kontrolę dostaw betonu oraz pielęgnację w trakcie dojrzewania. W podsumowaniu zaproponowano model działania nadzoru w wykonawstwie konstrukcji wielkogabarytowych.
Wytrzymałość zmęczeniowa stalowych
i aluminiowych konstrukcji budowlanych: ujęcia normowe
Authors: Rowiński Sławomir
Published: March 2022

Spełnienie warunków normowych
wytrzymałości zmęczeniowej konstrukcji
gwarantuje, z założonym poziomem prawdopodobieństwa,
zadawalające zachowanie
konstrukcji w całym projektowanym okresie
eksploatacji konstrukcji (poziom 75% ufności
z 95% prawdopodobieństwem jego nieprzekroczenia).
Ich sprawdzenie polega na
porównaniu zakresu zmienności naprężenia
normalnego Δσ lub stycznego Δτ, lub ich interakcji
z odpowiednią wytrzymałością zmęczeniową,
ustaloną w miejscu wyznaczania
naprężeń dla rozpatrywanego kształtu karbu.
W artykule zaprezentowano podejścia obliczeniowe
wytrzymałości zmęczeniowej konstrukcji
budowlanych, w tym konstrukcji stalowych
oraz aluminiowych. Omówiono obowiązujące
procedury obliczeniowe, które
i tak często nie ujmują całościowo zagadnień
związanych z wytężeniem konstrukcji od obciążeń
cyklicznych.
Ryzyko rotacji pracowników
w przedsiębiorstwie budowlanym
Authors: Leśniak Agnieszka , Janowiec Filip , Ćwiertnia Radosław
Published: March 2022

Realizacja prac budowlano-montażowych jest obarczona wieloma ryzykami. Odpowiednie zaplanowanie i przygotowanie procesu budowlanego pozwala zminimalizować potencjalne negatywne konsekwencje zachodzących zjawisk. Jednak niektóre zdarzenia są trudne do przewidzenia, ponieważ wynikają z indywidualnej charakterystyki procesów lub osobistych decyzji pracowników przedsiębiorstwa. Jednym z takich zjawisk jest omówione w pracy ryzyko rotacji pracowników. W artykule przedstawiono propozycję szacowania i oceny ryzyka rotacji pracowników w wybranym przedsiębiorstwie budowlanym. Pomimo dużego prawdopodobieństwa rotacji personelu wyznaczone ryzyko zostało ocenione jako średnie. Nie wymaga ono podjęcia pilnych działań, jednak powinno być okresowo monitorowane.
IT Incident Solving Domain Experiment on Business Process Failure Prediction
Authors: O. T. Mello Pedro , Revoredo Kate , Maria Santoro Flávia
Published: March 2022

Business process monitoring aims at maintaining the reliability of process executions. Nevertheless, the dynamic nature of business processes hinders a proactive scenario in which risk mitigation actions can occur before the facts that put the process at risk. We argue that understanding failures behavior allows proactive actions. Analysing historical data of processes executions supports the identification of situations and patterns of failure behavior. In this paper, we present an experiment in which a combination of well-established techniques from Data Mining and Process Mining fields are applied to an incident management process. The results obtained show that it is possible to identify failures in order to reach for a proactive risk mitigation scenario.
Understanding digitally networked action: A case study of #HomeToVote and the Irish abortion referendum 2018
Authors: Zhang Xixuan
Published: March 2022

Digitally networked action (Bennett & Segerberg, 2012) has become a prominent political reality. This article explores the evolution of digitally networked action, considering the Twitter hashtag #HomeToVote in 2018 as a relevant case. The case study features the return of Irish expatriates to their home country to vote in the referendum on abortion rights, since no postal votes were available to Irish citizens abroad. We investigated how actors participated in digitally networked action on Twitter, viewed from three perspectives: composition, diffusion, and dynamics. Through an @-mention network with 7,373 edges and 5,198 nodes, built on all original tweets (N = 33,927) about #HomeToVote, we interpreted the digitally networked action based on social interaction and information distribution between and beyond categorized subgroups of actors during four phases. The early phases of #HomeToVote are related to engagement and mobilization, while the latter phases are associated with experience sharing and solidarity declaration. Throughout the development of #HomeToVote, individuals and organizational actors show collective endeavors to promote digitally networked action, while media actors use Twitter to consistently depict moments of #HomeToVote. The findings suggest that #HomeToVote, as an organizationally enabled advocacy network, has a large political capacity to share communication linkages, facilitate flexible affiliations, and employ personalized engagement mechanisms.
Sobre el formalismo arquitectónico y la atención por lo social: un discurso para planificadores sociales y arquitectos chic radicales.
Authors: Scott Brown Denise , Martínez Álvaro
Published: March 2022

El artículo de Denise Scott Brown es un intento de describir la brecha que separa a los sociólogos y los planificadores por un lado y los arquitectos por el otro.Al hacerlo, sugiere ciertos paralelismos inherentes tanto a la posición de los planificadores sociales como a los arquitectos, que surgen de un cierto aislamiento y malentendido respecto al papel del otro en el proceso de construcción. Además de varias sugerencias sobre formas de mejorar esta condición, Scott Brown pide una teoría de la forma y el significado en la arquitectura.Si bien esta prescripción coloca su argumento en la corriente principal del debate arquitectónico tanto en Europa como en América en los últimos diez años, un aspecto central de su propuesta permanece abierto a cuestionamientos: la naturaleza no dialéctica de su posición que se revela en su argumento a través de muchas declaraciones polémicas.Parecería que la confusión de la polémica y la teoría, o incluso la sustitución de la teoría por la polémica, era inherente a la retórica del Movimiento Moderno. Esperamos que las proposiciones teóricas que se expondrán y aclararán en el argumento de Scott Brown no sufran el mismo problema.

Denise Scott Brown’s article is an attempt to describe the gap that separates sociologists and planners on one side, and architects on the other. In doing so, she suggests certain parallels inherent in both the position of social planners and architects which arise from a certain isolation and misunderstanding of each others role in the building process. In addition to several suggestions for ways to ameliorate this condition, Scott Brown calls for a theory of form and meaning in architecture.While this prescription puts her argument in the mainstream of architectural debate in both Europe and America in the last ten years, one central aspect of her proposition remains open to question; that is, the non-dialectical nature of her position which is revealed in her argument through many polemical statements.It would seem that the confusion of polemics and theory, or even the substitution of polemics for theory, was inherent in the rhetoric of the Modern Movement. We hope that the theoretical propositions which will be put forward and clarified in Scott Brown’s argument will not suffer from the same problem.
Incertidumbres: de nuevo el Camp Nou
Authors: Arredondo Núria , López Alonso Ignacio
Published: March 2022

“Muchos escritores opinan que la historia es cíclica”, dijo Bertrand Russell. La construcción del nuevo estadio para el Futbol Club Barcelona en los años cincuenta implicó cuatro cambios de directiva, tres proyectos absolutamente diferentes e innumerables discusiones en torno a la adecuada ubicación del proyecto. A fecha de hoy, la propuesta de renovación del Estadio ha visto pasar tres directivas, y dados los plazos de su construcción, verá pasar una cuarta con toda probabilidad. El nuevo proyecto del Camp Nou derivó del resultado de tres concursos de ideas.En pleno desarrollo del proyecto finalmente elegido, la directiva del Club decidió apear del mismo al equipo de arquitectos local.  Sumado a ello, el debate urbanístico entorno a la integración del estadio en la ciudad sigue vivo. Se une éste a la polémica en torno a la conservación de un edificio protegido, hito de la arquitectura de la modernidad en la ciudad de Barcelona. Se vive, por tanto, una incertidumbre añadida en torno a las expectativas creadas a nivel identitario, deportivo, urbano, económico y social.También son momentos de duda acerca de los equipamientos de espectáculos de masas. La nueva normalidad es tan sólo un elemento añadido a las inquietudes provocadas por un proyecto de difícil encaje urbano condicionado por la movilidad de más de cien mil personas. La sustitución de los espectadores en las retransmisiones televisivas por elementos estáticos o infográficos ha evidenciado su importancia como parte esencial de la función. Sin la presencia del público, el espectáculo no puede continuar.
Ethics Centers’ Conflicts of Interest and the Failure of Disclosure to Remedy this Endemic Problem
Authors: Parker Lisa S. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2022

Individual and institutional conflicts of interest arise with increasing frequency and negative sequelae as universities and their principals, as well as individual faculty members, engage in research (and other activities) with support from profit/not-for-profit entities. This essay examines how institutional and individual conflicts of interest (COI) arise for ethics centers and their faculty/staff, respectively. It defines COI, endorses a reasonable person standard for determining when COI exist, and considers problems that arise when disclosure of COI is embraced as a remedy for them. It argues that transparency and disclosure are generally inadequate measures to address COI, especially those of ethics centers. It concludes by sketching other measures that may be ingredients in attempts to avoid, manage, or mitigate the COI of ethics centers and their faculty/staff.
Efficacy of a Standardized Premedication and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Protocol for Pegaspargase to Prevent Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: Babcock Kyle J. , Kinnunen Amy , Egelund Tosha , Ng John S. , Joyce Michael J.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a standardized premedication and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) protocol to prevent hypersensitivity reactions from pegaspargase infusions. Pegaspargase is an essential therapeutic agent used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in pediatric patients.

METHODS

This study was a retrospective cohort study conducted at Wolfson Children's Hospital, Jacksonville, Florida, and included pediatric ALL patients 0 to 21 years old. Patients were excluded if they had not received the appropriate premedication after protocol implementation or had received premedication before protocol implementation. Patients were separated into 2 groups: those who received premedication before pegaspargase infusion and those who did not. The primary endpoint was the incidence of documented hypersensitivity reactions. Observational data endpoints included incidence of silent inactivation and cost savings from reducing complicated drug substitutions.

RESULTS

A total of 38 patients (50 doses in no premedication group; 80 doses in premedication group) were evaluated. There was not a significant reduction in the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions for patients receiving premedication and TDM (5.3% vs 6.4%, p = 1.0). A trend towards patients reacting earlier with more severe reactions in the post-implementation group was observed. There were no incidences of silent inactivation. Observational cost analysis predicts potential drug cost savings of $106,550.45.

CONCLUSIONS

A standardized premedication protocol did not reduce the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions. Premedication to prevent hypersensitivity reactions may provide a potential drug cost savings. Further investigation is warranted to assess the efficacy of a standardized premedication and TDM protocol to prevent hypersensitivity reactions.
Change in Student Pharmacists' Perceptions and Confidence of Pediatric Related Topics After Participation in Pediatric Pharmacy–Focused Skills Laboratory
Authors: Capino Amanda C. , Ballou Jordan M. , Malinowski Scott
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a pediatric pharmacy–focused skills laboratory on student pharmacist confidence and comfort with pediatric topics.

METHODS

This study compared student responses on a questionnaire completed both pre- and post-lab. The lab activities included pre-readings, a pre-lab lecture, and a 2-hour laboratory session. The questionnaire assessed perceptions related to counseling pediatric patients and confidence in communicating with children and caregivers. Wilcoxon rank sum tests compared the differences in the preand post-lab questionnaire results. The McNemar test was used to test for conversion.

RESULTS

A total of 187 of 221 pharmacy students completed the pre-lab questionnaire (85% response rate) and 116 completed the post-lab questionnaire (52% response rate). Significantly higher confidence levels were reported in the post-lab questionnaire for 5 of the 7 questionnaire items. Specifically, concerning level of confidence in measuring oral solutions, 17.5% of students' pre-lab, compared with 42.6% post-lab felt completely confident in being able to determine the appropriate measuring devices for liquid medications. No statistically significant differences were noted regarding comfort level or knowledge.

CONCLUSIONS

Although an increase in confidence was seen in several areas, some students still lacked confidence after the lab session, suggesting that more pediatric-focused activities may be needed in the curriculum to reinforce pediatric concepts.
Pierre Robinova sekvenca: zdravljenje z nosno-žrelnim tubusom
Authors: Železnik Mojca , Eberlinc Andreja , Gluvajić Daša , Krivec Uroš , Krivec Jana Lozar
Published: March 2022

Pierre Robinova sekvenca je triada, ki jo sestavljajo mikro- in/ali retrognatija, glosoptoza in zapora zgornjih dihal, ki se ji v 90 % pridruži palatoshiza. Pri otrocih s Pierre Robinovo sekvenco sta glavni funkcionalni težavi obstrukcija zgornjih dihal in oteženo hranjenje, ki se kažeta z raznolikimi dihalnimi težavami in slabim pridobivanjem telesne mase. Pri večini bolnikov zadoščajo konzervativni ukrepi, v redkih primerih pa je potrebno kirurško zdravljenje, v najtežjih primerih pa traheotomija. Klinični oddelek za neonatologijo Pediatrične klinike UKC Ljubljana je za zdravljenje novorojenčkov s Pierre Robinovo sekvenco uvedel v slovenski prostor novo metodo, tj. vstavitev nosno-žrelnega tubusa. Ta premosti zaporo zgornjih dihal v višini korena jezika in je ob izmenični zamenjavi strani vstavitve skozi nosnici lahko nameščen daljše obdobje tudi v domačem okolju. Obravnava otrok s Pierre Robinovo sekvenco je multidisciplinarna. Pri obravnavi sodelujejo neonatolog, otorinolaringolog, maksilofacialni kirurg in pulmolog. Gastroenterolog, dietetik in genetik pa so vključeni po potrebi. Članek predstavi klinično sliko otrok s Pierre Robinovo sekvenco, metode zdravljenja in uradno klinično pot obravnave v Sloveniji.
ResearchGate Metrics’ Behavior and Its Correlation with RG Score and Scopus Indicators
Authors: Valizadeh-Haghi Saeideh , Nasibi-Sis Hamed , Shekofteh Maryam , Rahmatizadeh Shahabedin
Published: March 2022

Objective: Social networking sites are appropriate tools for sharing and exposing scientific works to increase citations. The objectives of the present study are to investigate the activity of Iranian scholars in the medical sciences in ResearchGate and to explore the effect of each of the four ResearchGate metrics on the RG score. Moreover, the citation metrics of the faculty members in Scopus and the relationship between these metrics and the RG score were explored.

Methods: The study population included all SBMU faculty members who have profiles in ResearchGate (N=950). The data were collected through ResearchGate and Scopus in January 2021. The Spearman correlation coefficient was applied to examine the relationship between ResearchGate metrics and Scopus indicators as well as to determine the effect of each ResearchGate metric on the RG score.

Results: The findings revealed that the publication sharing metric had the highest correlation (0.918) with the RG score and had the greatest impact on it (p-value <0.001), while the question asking metric showed the lowest correlation (0.11). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the RG score and Scopus citation metrics (p-value <0.05). Furthermore, all four RG metrics had a positive and significant relationship with Scopus indicators (p-value <0.05), in which the number of shared publications had the highest correlation compared to other RG metrics.

Conclusion: Researchers’ participation in the ResearchGate social network is effective in increasing citation indicators. Therefore, more activity in the ResearchGate social network may have favorable results in improving universities’ ranking.
Społeczny wymiar rozwoju energetyki rozproszonej w Polsce – kluczowe czynniki i wyzwania
Authors: Kocór Marcin , Worek Barbara , Micek Dorota , Lisek Katarzyna , Szczucka Anna
Published: March 2022

Celem artykułu jest analiza czynników społecznych, które warto uwzględnić, projektując i realizując działania związane z rozwojem energetyki rozproszonej, w tym z tworzeniem wspólnot energii. Opierając się na dostępnych danych dotyczących postaw wobec OZE i energetyki rozproszonej oraz na wynikach studiów przypadku działających w Polsce klastrów energii, wskazujemy czynniki, które mogą wpływać na proces transformacji energetycznej – mogą go ułatwiać bądź utrudniać. Pozytywnym, wartym wykorzystania potencjałem jest wysoki poziom zaufania do władz samorządowych i rosnąca świadomość ekologiczna. Natomiast wśród barier można wskazać przede wszystkim niski poziom ogólnego zaufania Polaków do innych ludzi, niski poziom zaufania do rządu oraz słabo rozwinięty kapitał społeczny. Wyniki studiów przypadku zwróciły natomiast uwagę na rolę liderów, zdolność do budowania sieci kontaktów i transferu wiedzy. Na końcu artykułu wskazujemy kilka wyzwań i związanych z nimi kierunków działań, które należy podjąć, by mocniej uwzględnić wpływ czynników społecznych na przebieg transformacji energetycznej.
Zastosowanie rozwiązań teleinformatycznych w środowisku rozproszonych źródeł energii
Authors: Heller Krzysztof
Published: March 2022

Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest opis funkcjonowania rozwiązań teleinformatycznych w energetyce rozproszonej. Tematyka ta była poruszana w literaturze z ostatnich kilku lat (m.in.: Lund et al. 2019; Meisel et al. 2015; Morales Pedraza 2014; Konstantin, Konstantin 2018; Jaegersberg, Ure 2017; U.S. Department of Energy 2019; Brown et al. 2018; Wang et al. 2019; Chen et al. 2020; Zia et al. 2018; Zhang et al. 2018). Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie roli systemów teleinformatycznych w funkcjonowaniu nowoczesnej energetyki, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem klastrów energetycznych w kształtującym się obecnie otoczeniu biznesowym i regulacyjnym.
AIdeological Manipulation Strategies of Religion and Emotional Deception: A Study of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter
Authors: Yahya Al-Hilo Mujtaba Mohammedali , Yahya Jubran Haider Saad
Published: March 2022

One of the foundational cornerstones upon which works of literature are built is Religion. It is a motivational ideology that inspires authors to write fiction. Ideological literary works are not mere aesthetic attempts that reflect the unlimited potential ability of literature to present the unthinkable: they are serious works that reflect the very social turmoil that the author has been experiencing in his society. The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne perfectly represents this type of genre. He successfully shows the way Religion was ideological manipulated by the authorities in that Puritan society. This paper highlights the different ideological strategies influential individuals employ to change people’s convictions. After a short perusal of the different stages, the theory of ideology has undergone, it presents the most significant ideological factors in the novel depending on various thinkers, mainly Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, and Slavoj Zizek. It also shows the domination of ideology over the life of people: it may be observed in their clothes, customs, cultural attitude, and means of communication. Depending on certain theorists, this research finally proves that it is beyond the possibility of anyone to break the chains of ideology and live in a Real world. The illusion of ideology sneaks into every single detail of people’s lives, as represented in Hawthorne’s novel.
Towards efficient verifiable multi-keyword search over encrypted data based on blockchain
Authors: Xu Wanshan , Zhang Jianbiao , Yuan Yilin , Wang Xiao , Liu Yanhui , Khalid Muhammad Irfan
Published: March 2022

Searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) provides an effective way to search encrypted data stored on untrusted servers. When the server is not trusted, it is indispensable to verify the results returned by it. However, the existing SSE schemes either lack fairness in the verification of search results, or do not support the verification of multiple keywords. To address this, we designed a multi-keyword verifiable searchable symmetric encryption scheme based on blockchain, which provides an efficient multi-keyword search and fair verification of search results. We utilized bitmap to build a search index in order to improve search efficiency, and used blockchain to ensure fair verification of search results. The bitmap and hash function are combined to realize lightweight multi-keyword search result verification, compared with the existing verification schemes using public key cryptography primitives, our scheme reduces the verification time and improves the verification efficiency. In addition, our scheme supports the dynamic update of files and realizes the forward security in update. Finally, formal security analysis proves that our scheme is secure against Chosen-Keyword Attacks (CKA), experimental analysis demonstrations that our scheme is efficient and viable in practice.
State of biodiversity documentation in the Philippines: Metadata gaps, taxonomic biases, and spatial biases in the DNA barcode data of animal and plant taxa in the context of species occurrence data
Authors: Berba Carmela Maria P. , Matias Ambrocio Melvin A.
Published: March 2022

Anthropogenic changes in the natural environment have led to alarming rates of biodiversity loss, resulting in a more urgent need for conservation. Although there is an increasing cognizance of the importance of incorporating biodiversity data into conservation, the accuracy of the inferences generated from these records can be highly impacted by gaps and biases in the data. Because of the Philippines’ status as a biodiversity hotspot, the assessment of potential gaps and biases in biodiversity documentation in the country can be a critical step in the identification of priority research areas for conservation applications. In this study, we systematically assessed biodiversity data on animal and plant taxa found in the Philippines by examining the extent of metadata gaps, taxonomic biases, and spatial biases in DNA barcode data while using species occurrence data as a backdrop of the ‘Philippines’ biodiversity. These barcode and species occurrence datasets were obtained from public databases, namely: GenBank, Barcode of Life Data System and Global Biodiversity Information Facility. We found that much of the barcode data had missing information on either records and publishing, geolocation, or taxonomic metadata, which consequently, can limit the usability of barcode data for further analyses. We also observed that the amount of barcode data can be directly associated with the amount of species occurrence data available for a particular taxonomic group and location–highlighting the potential sampling biases in the barcode data. While the majority of barcode data came from foreign institutions, there has been an increase in local efforts in recent decades. However, much of the contribution to biodiversity documentation only come from institutions based in Luzon.
Computational bioacoustics with deep learning: a review and roadmap
Authors: Stowell Dan
Published: March 2022

Animal vocalisations and natural soundscapes are fascinating objects of study, and contain valuable evidence about animal behaviours, populations and ecosystems. They are studied in bioacoustics and ecoacoustics, with signal processing and analysis an important component. Computational bioacoustics has accelerated in recent decades due to the growth of affordable digital sound recording devices, and to huge progress in informatics such as big data, signal processing and machine learning. Methods are inherited from the wider field of deep learning, including speech and image processing. However, the tasks, demands and data characteristics are often different from those addressed in speech or music analysis. There remain unsolved problems, and tasks for which evidence is surely present in many acoustic signals, but not yet realised. In this paper I perform a review of the state of the art in deep learning for computational bioacoustics, aiming to clarify key concepts and identify and analyse knowledge gaps. Based on this, I offer a subjective but principled roadmap for computational bioacoustics with deep learning: topics that the community should aim to address, in order to make the most of future developments in AI and informatics, and to use audio data in answering zoological and ecological questions.
Disruptive Innovation in “RASBOARD” Vehicle in Sports Practice in DOWNHILL Based in New Control System in Direction and Brakes
Authors: Cano Consuelo
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this thesis is to apply an action research methodology used to guide a sports invention towards sports innovation, and to be presented as a new sport. Although the stage developed in R + D was very successful, these results imply a greater differentiated effort as it is R + D + i. Thus, two central objectives were proposed: a) to identify the target population and the sports context that encourage research, b) to propose on the use of strategies to organize and promote innovation. The result of the investigation offers a new solution, registered as “Rasboard”. The thesis proposes strategies for innovation in downhill sports practice. The same ones that can generate the opening of a new market in a new recreational and sports activity.
Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density using Quantitative Computed Tomography in Pre- and Post-menopausal Women: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Raghu SR , Sachin T , Shankara K , Shashikiran BR
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Osteoporosis is increasingly becoming a public health concern especially in the ageing population. Fractures related to osteoporosis are an important cause for pain and disability. Most common methods used for measuring Bone Mineral Density (BMD) include Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT). There is a substantial increase in the number of patients undergoing a primary Computed Tomography (CT) study of the abdomen for various clinical reasons. Use of QCT for measurement of BMD helps to identify the high risk patients for osteoporotic fractures. This also reduces the need for any additional imaging, radiation exposure, cost or patient time. Aim: To compare the BMD values between pre-menopausal and post-menopausal females using QCT. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross- sectional study. A total of 40 patients with 20 patients each in pre- menopausal and post-menopausal group who had undergone routine abdominal CT for various clinical indications unrelated to bone disorders were evaluated. Regions of Interest (ROIs) were measured on the axial images at T12 through L5 vertebrae at three locations, one over the trabecular part of vertebrae, one on the posterior paraspinal muscles and the third ROI over the subcutaneous fat. BMD was calculated by using phantom less QCT software of the Philips CT workstation. Both t-score and BMD values were automatically generated by the software. The thresholds for spinal trabecular BMD were <120 mg/cc for osteopenia (equivalent to a DXA T-score of -1.0 SD) and <80 mg/cc for osteoporosis (equivalent to a DXA T-score of -2.5 SD). Descriptive statistics were used to describe clinical demographics using range, means and Standard Deviation (mean±SD). Student’s t-test was used to analyse comparisons between the study groups. Results: For pre-menopausal women (n=20) in the age group of 30-45 years, the mean BMD observed was 157.01±27.36 mg/cc. For post-menopausal women (n=20) in the age group of >45 years, the mean BMD observed was 129.77±48.92 mg/cc. The mean t-score values for pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women were -0.67±0.88 and -1.57±1.58, respectively. Comparison of t-score (p<0.05) and BMD (p<0.0001) between the two groups was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The BMD reduces considerably in the post- menopausal women in comparison to pre-menopausal women. Abdominal CT scans obtained for various clinical indications can be used to identify patients with reduced BMD and helps in early detection of osteoporosis.
Respirators and Surgical Masks Artefacts on Phantom using Magnetic Resonance Imaging during COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shetty Shashi Kumar , Jaseemudheen MM , Raghuraj U , Kayalvizhi R
Published: March 2022

Introduction: It is suitable for a patient to wear a respirator or face mask during any radiological investigation during Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Some face masks may have nanoparticles, or antimicrobial coating, which may comprise metal to help shape the mask according to user face shape. This kind of ferromagnetic substances can cause artefacts in the image. Aim: To detect and compare the artefacts while using different types of respirators and surgical masks in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) phantom images. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study which was conducted from July 2021-September 2021. Two Not resistant to oil-based aerosols with 95% efficiency to airborne particles (N95) respirators and two types of three-ply surgical disposable masks with a metal and plastic nose holder were used. The N95 respirators were of Halo N95 Filtering Facepiece 2 Particulate Matter (FFP2) PM 2.5 and Suchi N95 S-7400, while the surgical masks were from Venus 3 ply V-1010 with a metal nose holder and the Thea Tex Filtra 3 ply with plastic nose holder. A polymethyl methacrylate plastic phantom was used with 1.5 Tesla (Siemens Magnetom Avanto) MRI scanner for imaging. Results: When exposed to the metal detector both N95 respirators and one of the surgical masks with a metal nose clip showed strong ferromagnetic attraction. Both respirators and a surgical mask with a metal nasal holder showed magnetic susceptibility artefacts. The signal loss is caused by dephasing of spins from metal strip on the image. Conclusion: All the patients must have a recognised MR safe masks prior to an MRI investigation. When this is not possible to follow, metallic components from the face mask should be removed before the patient's arrival at the MR room. After removing the metal strip from the mask, the paper tape may be applied across the nasal bridge region for adequate transmission control and to maintain the intended function of the mask. The mask with a plastic nasal holder was ideal to use in an MR environment since it doesn’t have any distortion in the image.
Comparison of the Haematological and Psychological Parameters between COVID-19 Positive Pregnant and Non Pregnant Female: A Case-control Study from Tertiary Care Centre, Puducherry, India
Authors: Narayan Gaurang , Sabita P , Singh Rimi , Sivaraman A
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Pregnancy is associated with lot of physiological and psychological changes, and it becomes important to study these changes in the background of COVID-19. A simple Complete Blood Count (CBC) can help to indicate the COVID-19 disease severity. Aim: To understand the differences in the haematological and psychological parameters between COVID-19 infected pregnant females and age-matched non pregnant COVID-19 infected females. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India, from October 2020 to December 2020. Data collection was in an ambispective manner. Haematological values {Total Leukocyte Count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)} were obtained from routine CBC and for the psychological component (scalesbeliefs, practices for prevention of infection, fear, global) a pretested validated questionnaire was used. The questionnaire used the Likert scale and comprised of a total of 29 questions with a maximum score of 145. These scales analysed psychological apprehensions in general population and its impact on pregnancy and reproductive health of women. Categorical variables were expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD). Student t-test was used for comparison of means. Results: The present study included 80 participants with 40 in each of the pregnant and non pregnant group. The total leukocyte count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, NLR and RDW were the haematological parameters with statistically significant difference between the two groups (p-value <0.001). While the mean total score of COVID-19 psychological impact in the COVID-19 pregnant women was 79.42±20.18 and higher in COVID-19 non pregnant women (88.92±20.77). Conclusion: The significant difference in the haematological parameters of both the groups indicates the differential impact of COVID-19 in pregnant women. ‘Coronaphobia’ is on the rise and addressing this concern is important for holistic delivery of health care in patients.
The Position of Monetary Policy Mechanism in Controlling Inflation Growth in Nigeria Using Standardized Regression Model
Authors: Oluwagunwa A. P. , Atanlogun S. K. , Edwin O. A.
Published: March 2022

This study examined the role of monetary policy mechanism in controlling inflation growth in Nigeria. Standardized Multiple Linear Regression Model (SMLRM) estimating technique was considered as a tool in fitting the model where inflation rate served as response variable and income growth rate, money supply, exchange rate, domestic credit growth rate and government expenditure served as explanatory variables. Data were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, December 2018 for the period of 1998 to 2018. The R-Statistical software package was adopted to carry out the analysis. The result of the P-value of Money supply, Exchange rate and Domestic credit growth rate were all statistically significant with 0.00165, 0.000038 and 0.00864 respectively at (0.05). Though, the Real income growth rate and Government expenditure do not appreciably contribute in controlling inflation growth rate. The overall model contributes significantly in controlling inflation growth rate with a p-value of 2.2 x 10-16. The coefficient of determination (R-square) is very high, which implies that the model best captured the control of inflation growth rate that is being considered. The study however concluded that three of the explanatory variables made much significant impact in controlling inflation growth in Nigeria.
Building Process of Potato Virus Y (PVY) Management on Tobacco Plants in the Northern Vietnam
Authors: Van Chin Nguyen , Van Van Nguyen , Ngoc Tuan Tao , Thi Thuy Đo , Hà Thành Phạm
Published: March 2022

In recent years, some viral diseases have been increasing in the tobacco-growing regions of Vietnam and causing serious damage to the tobacco yield and quality. If it has no effective control, the viral diseases will injure serious harm in the tobacco field next time. Based on the research results in the prevention of viral diseases from 2016 to 2021, the Vietnam Tobacco Institute has built a process to control Potato Virus Y that harms the tobacco plants in Vietnam. During the experiment and application in tobacco cultivation practice, the process was effective against PVY disease. The application of the process, the disease rate and disease index of PVY were significantly reduced in the tobacco field, contributing to increasing yield, quality, and income for tobacco farmers. The insecticides and antivirus drugs made according to the process have increased their effectiveness, do not harm the growth and development of tobacco plants, little have residues in tobacco production. This process can control many other viral diseases on tobacco plants.
Is Intravenous Fluid Therapy Associated with Cerebral Oedema in Paediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis? Literature Review and Critical Appraisal of Evidence
Authors: Taiwo Akhigbe,
Published: March 2022

Objective: The ongoing controversy regarding fluid management in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has necessitated this review of whether aggressive fluid therapy aggravates the risk of cerebral edema. The amount of fluid administered in pediatric DKA is estimated with a weight-based formula for correction of deficit, dehydration, and fluids maintenance. Cerebral edema is known to occur with hyperosmolar treatment or controlled hyperventilation treatment for cerebral edema.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane databases for systematic reviews and original articles published in the last 18 years from the year 2000 to 2018 using search words individually or in combination, Inclusion criteria were studies limited to pediatric patients treated for diabetic ketoacidosis. In addition, a critical appraisal of the most current evidence was performed.

Results: After the literature search, 913 articles were identified from Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Non-relevant studies, non-full text studies, and studies that lacked control groups or articles that were duplicated were excluded leaving a final total of five full test articles for literature review and critical appraisal of evidence.

Conclusion: Almost all the studies showed that cerebral edema was associated with severe acidosis and prerenal azotemia in initial DKA presentation and only one case-control study showed a significant correlation with a higher volume of intravenous fluid therapy within the first three hours. The PECARN study put to rest age-long controversy and traditional teaching that aggressive fluid therapy in pediatric DKA may be responsible for cerebral edema with the conclusion that neither rate of fluid administration nor sodium chloride content significantly influenced neurological outcomes in Pediatric DKA
Aftersales Service Factors Determining the 'Would Recommend' Score in Mobile Phone Industry
Authors: Anisur Rahman Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Customers' recommendations are strongly associated with sales growth and profitability. Satisfied loyal customers tend to recommend, but it doesn't happen always. Furthermore, a customer is exposed to aftersales services throughout the product lifecycle, which significantly impacts customer satisfaction and loyalty. This situation is more complex for the mobile phone industry, where innovative and short-lived products are launched every year. Providing aftersales services for these innovative products worldwide is challenging while maintaining customer satisfaction and loyalty. But, within a short mobile product lifecycle, customers' recommendations are crucial for growth. However, the aftersales service elements influencing customer recommendations are not well studied. This study aims to identify the elements of aftersales services that affect customers' recommendations. Three hundred and two mobile phone users of different brands, identified through the snowball sampling technique, were surveyed through a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses of these data found five aftersales services: service center's support/repair, warranty, online support, upgrades, and delivery are statistically significant in influencing customers' recommendations for mobile phone brands.