bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Design of Lower Extremity Exoskeleton of Power Assist Robot
Authors: Yan Lei , Wu Jian , Li Yan Bei , Liu Jin Hao , Yang Fan
Published: March 2013

Extremity exoskeleton of power assist robot can help people support the load and enhance the durability of bearing the load. This paper mainly introduces the mechanical structure about extremity exoskeleton of power assist robot that is used in the forest. The environment of the forest is complex, and the forestry production is always done by human beings. The work is very heavy, so we want to develop a kind of device to help them. If this device can be promoted to forestry production, it will greatly improve the production efficiency. This device represents the most cutting-edge technology in the field, doesn’t delay the reaction of body movement by the sensors on its body, and is more powerful.
Optimization of a Novel Anthropomorphic Three-Jointed Underactuated Finger Mechanism
Authors: Luo Hai Dong , Zhang Yi , Deng Hua
Published: March 2013

A novel underactuated finger mechanism based on linkage and spring elements is proposed. The kinematic characteristic of the mechanism is analyzed to obtain the fingertip displacement and relationships between three joints. Considering the motion feature of human finger and actuation efficiency of the driving motor, the dimensional design of the finger mechanism is formulated as an optimization problem. The numerical simulation result shows that the finger mechanism can not only realize the anthropomorphic coupling motion, but also envelope objects with various shapes and sizes self-adaptively.
Active Control of Nonlinear Vibration Absorber Based on Synovial Algorithm
Authors: Li Zhi Xing , Yang Li Hua , Yang Qing Chao
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of Duffing strong nonlinear vibration absorber system with additional hard spring is analysed qualitatively. Based on synovial variable structure algorithm, the active control system model of the nonlinear dynamic vibration absorber is designed, and the effectiveness of the control model is verified by elevant examples. It’s found that with the additional hard spring Duffing strong nonlinear vibration absorber, the control effect of active absorption is superior to the passive absorber, so which has has important guiding significance to the design of actual engineering nonlinear vibration absorber.
Design of Sensor Bearing Based on the Hall Elements
Authors: He Run Qin
Published: March 2013

This paper describes a structure design of sensor bearing based on Hall element, the bearing by a Hall sensor and deep groove ball bearing, can measure speed of rotation, direction of rotation and acceleration signal etc. And with the Swedish SKF sensing bearing are compared, analyzes the bearing performance characteristics.
Detection and Classification of Watermelon Seeds Exterior Quality Based on LS-SVM Using Machine Vision
Authors: Chen Xiai , Ke Shuang , Wang Ling
Published: March 2013

A machine vision system was developed to investigate the detection of watermelon seeds exterior quality. The main characteristics of watermelon seeds appearance including area, perimeter, roughness and minimum enclosing rectangle were calculated by image analysis. Least square support vector machine optimized by genetic algorithm was applied for the classification of watermelon seeds exterior quality, and the broken seeds, normal seeds and high-quality seeds were distinguished finally. The surface irregularities defects of watermelon seeds were detected by machine vision grid laser. The experimental results show that the watermelon seeds exterior quality could be well detected and classified by machine vision based on least squares support vector machine.
Effects of Surface Crack on Eddy Current Sensor Signal in Maglev System
Authors: Weng He Zhang , Li Hong Wei , Liu Shu Qin , Cheng Zhao Liang , Liu Jie
Published: March 2013

In experiments of mechanical movement in outer space, maglev technology is used for simulating the weightless environment. Maglev rotor moves along a linear guide way. In the process of motion, eddy current sensors are needed for detecting the displacement between sensor and metal guide way. Because of the length requirement of guide way, splicing technique is used. This technique leads to the crack on detective surface and also the distortion of sensor signal. By the means of mathematical model analysis and finite element method, the rules of sensor signal are found out and verified by experiment. The results show that optimal crack width can weaken the distortion of sensor signal.
FPGA+USB-Based Real-Time Data Processing System for Defects Inspection by CCD Scanning
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Chi Zhong , Liu Ze Sen , Han Xu , Si Cao Wang , Du Xiang Guo , Sun Chang Ming , Wu Jing Jing
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the real-time defects inspection was implemented via use of paralleled structure and high-speed operation of FPGA. The hardware circuit based on FPGA was established. According to signal characteristics of polymeric film defects, the preprocessing scheme of defect images based on FPGA was designed. The defect data were packed according to the defined format. Data processed were transferred to PC through USB2.0 real-timely to reconstruct defect microscopic images. The quantity of transferred data was decreased tremendously by this method. The inspecting speed was greatly improved.
Modal Test of Shanghai Metro Line 1 Based on Environmental Stochastic Excitation
Authors: Chen Chun Xia , Zhang Yu Ming , Yang Yong Hua
Published: March 2013

Based on environmental stochastic excitation, a large scale modal test was conducted at an important section of Shanghai Metro Line 1. According to the collected time response data, the natural frequencies of the soft soil-tunnel system were obtained by means of theoretical and experimental analysis, which can provide calculation parameters for further relevant dynamic analysis.
A Uniform Rule that Can Replace the Left-Hand Rule and the Right-Hand Rule in Electromagnetics
Authors: Wang Xin Feng , Gao Min Zhong , Wang Hong Zhi
Published: March 2013

The left-hand rule and the right-hand rule are widely used in electromagnetics but are often confusing. Based on an analysis of the differences and commonalities of the two rules, a uniform rule using coordinate rotation is proposed to determine the direction of the magnetic force and the induced electromotive force (emf) or the induced current in a static magnetic field. Furthermore, we discuss how to use the uniform rule to determine the direction of the induced emf or current in a moving magnetic field, which is traditionally determined by Lenz's law. The uniform rule is easy to understand and remember.
Development of High-Pressure Gas Test System
Authors: Jia Guang Zheng , Geng Jin Cai , Fu Yong Ling
Published: March 2013

Abstract. The high-pressure gas test system was developed, which consists of a 0.9 MPa compressor, a nitrogen gas generator, a 15.0MPa compressor, a 35.0MPa gas booster, a gas flowrate device and a sealing pressure test device. “Sensor+PLC+Computer+ Configuration Software” as data acquisition and control model is adopted in the test system. The results prove that the configuration software can combine with PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) to perform many functions such as automatic monitor, respective automatic or manual control, displaying, recording and saving the test data and curves. The monitor and control system is running with perfect stability and reliability.
Research on New Nonlinear Method Applied on Coal Calorific Value Prediction
Authors: Sun Ke Lei , Zhu Xiao Juan , Zhou Hua Ping
Published: March 2013

Based on research of the relationship between the industrial analysis of coal composition and the calorific value, a multiple linear regression - support vector machine model for predicting calorific value of coal is put forward. The training sample set is made up of the original industrial analysis data and calorific value. Then the preliminary predicted model is established based on multiple linear regression algorithm. At the same time, error compensation is achieved by the support vector machine amend sub-model. The final predicted value is the sum of the preliminary predicted model output and the error compensation. Experimental results demonstrate that the predicted accuracy of the integrated model is more accurate than the traditional predicted models.
Brain Electrical Signal Digital Processing System Design
Authors: Zhuang Qiu Hui , Liu Guo Jun , Fu Xiu Hua , Wang San Qiang
Published: March 2013

Through the amplification system to extract the brain electrical signal, although already can be displayed, but is not clear; in addition, the analog signal into the computer to carry on the analysis, also must pass to convert analog signals to digital signals (A/D converter).Therefore the need for further use of digital processing, this paper adopts the digital way, on brain electrical analog signal digital filter, through the 40Hz low-pass filter and 50Hz filter, get clear, stable signal, to achieve the design objective.
Application of the Least Squares Fitting in Mine Optical Fiber Carbon Dioxide Monitoring System
Authors: Zhang Ting Ting , Wang Xin , Wei Yu Bin , Wang Chang , Liu Tong Yu
Published: March 2013

Carbon dioxide is one of the important signature gases in spontaneous combustion forecasting of coal goaf area. In the mine limited ventilation environment, concentration of CO2 directly affects the health of coal mines. So a new application of the least squares fitting method in Coal Mine gas monitoring was introduced. The optical fiber CO2 monitoring system which based on this method and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology was used in Coal Mine beam tube system, and selected a near-infrared wavelength 1609.117nm fiber-coupled distributed feedback laser (DFB) as light source. Goaf area gas concentrations were directly calculated by the least squares fitting method which also simplified the calibration operation that used only one point to calibrate. Compared to electronic CO2 detector, this improved system has very high detection accuracy and stability. In the condition of 1.4m gas cell, the minimum detectable concentration is 0.05%, and the minimum detectable spectral absorption rate can up to , response time≤60s.
Simulation and Optimization of Wedge-Shaped Ultrasonic Transducers Using Finite Element Method (FEM)
Authors: Jin Dan , Li Zhao Hui
Published: March 2013

Wedge-shaped transducers have been widely used in industry as probes for ultrasonic flowmeters or for ultrasonic flaw detectors. But by now, few studies have focused on the influence to the performance of the wedge-shaped transducers brought by their limited size. In this paper, the effect of the shape and size of wedge-shaped substrates on the whole transducer system is discussed and the shape and size of a transducer (0.5MHz) is optimized to eliminate the influence of the boundary effect by using a 2-D Finite Element (FE) model. Lastly, wedge-shaped transducers have been manufactured for experiment which shows a good agreement with the simulation.
Simulation Analysis of Nonlinear Dynamics for Stone-Cutting with Circular Saw Blade
Authors: Yao Tao , Duan Guo Lin , Gao Yang
Published: March 2013

A nonlinear numerical simulation model of stone-cutting circular saw blade was developed for the purpose of understanding the mechanics of cutting process by employing LS-DYNA program. Based on the classical damage model theory and fracture criterion, the action of cutting stone is mainly considered as extruding sliding friction and pressing. The movement rule and wear mechanism were analyzed in stone cutting process. After the transient strain field was obtained, the corresponding pressure was calculated. The results showed the present method is applicable to forecasting and optimizing the cutting parameters for efficient control and improvement of separation.
Parametric Design and Modal Analysis on Three-Order Elliptical Gear
Authors: Huang Zhi Dong , Gan Xiao Ye , Zhao Liang , Teng Chao , Wang Yu
Published: March 2013

The characteristics of three-order elliptical gear is analyzed. The parameters of three-order elliptical gear are chosen and calculated. The three-dimensional solid modeling of three-order elliptical gear is achieved. The dynamic model of three-order elliptical gear is established by FEM and modal analysis of three-order elliptical gear is investigated. The natural frequency and major modes of the first six orders are clarified. The method and the result facilitate the dynamic design and dynamic response analysis of high-order elliptical gear.
Study on Flow Properties of Straightener in Pulse Tube Refrigerator with Numerical Simulation
Authors: Liang Wen Qing , Qian Hua , Zheng Xiao Hong , Xu Bin , Shi Lu Lu
Published: March 2013

The straightener of pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) can change gas flow distribution in the tube and improve performance of PTR .In this paper numerical simulation is used to study and optimize the property parameters of straightener with helium as work fluid. The straightener is treated as porous media. The key parameter fk. is defined as the ratio of streamwise and transverse permeabilities. The smallest length of straightener is optimized by changing the value of fk. The result shows that straightener can change gas flow distribution in tube and improve performance of PTR. fk. is bigger, the length of straightener is shorter and streamwise pressure drop is smaller.
A Study on LIX84-I Extraction Copper from Ammoniac Leach Solution of Copper Oxidized Ore
Authors: Mao Ying Bo , Fang Jian Jun , Wen Ya , Wang Shan , Zhang Tie Min , Zhao Wen Juan
Published: March 2013

Abstract: The extractant LIX84-I that extracted and stripped copper in the ammonia leach solution of copper oxidized ores solution of were mainly studied for the experimentation examined the influence of the LIX84-I concentration, the extraction time, the phase ratio, the pH , the stripping sulfuric acid concentration and the stripping time. Laboratory Investigations indicated that LIX84-I is really an efficient copper extractant with a maximum extraction of as high as 99.91% under the conditions of 5.23g/L Cu in leach solution, LIX84-I concentration 7%, 3 min mixtures, phase ratio 1/1and pH﹥4.5. The stripping can be conducted with the barren electrolyte as a stripping agent in which the sulfuric acid concentration remains about 150g/L, and a stripping rate of 99.92% is obtained.
The Force in Single-Pass Scratch Tests at Variable Sliding Velocities
Authors: Zhang Man Chao , Yao Zhen Qiang
Published: March 2013

To investigate the characteristics of material removal mechanism in the continuous contour control grinding. It is simplified as a variable speed single grit scratching the surface of quench hardening AISI 5140 steel. Utilizing optical microscope, optical proﬁling system and displacement transducers, the scratch morphology and force were analyzed with applied normal load (depth) and scratch separation distance. Piles-up at the sides of the groove is no obvious change with traverse speed pulse. Both the normal force and the tangential force increase with an increase in traverse speed and depth. The change of traverse speed leads to force fluctuating, and then the forces fall down rapidly to a constant value relatively.
Optimization of Cutting Parameters Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm NSGA- II
Authors: Lv Jie , Zhao Ji Bin , Liu Qi Guang
Published: March 2013

This paper investigates optimization problem of the cutting parameters in milling on NAK80 mold steel with high hardness. In the study, by applying non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II, multiple sets of cutting parameters conformed to the requirements are acquired through solving the models, underlied by the design of orthogonal experiment with respect to cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth, and the statistical model of cutting force and surface roughness by regression method, and the theoretical formula of material cutting rate. The proposed model and algorithm works well in the actual machining process as the experimental results show.
OH- Effect on the Growth and Structural Properties of Chemical Bath Deposited ZnS Quantum Thin Films
Authors: Chen Liyang Yan , Fang Chao
Published: March 2013

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) quantum thin films have been deposited from precursors with a variety of OH- concentration onto microscope glass substrates by chemical bath deposition method. The growth and structural properties have been investigated. XRD patterns of ZnS films obtained from acidic solution showed a favorable wurtzite structure, while for those obtained from alkaline solution, showed a sphalerite structure. The growth studied of the deposited films has also shown that the OH- played a vital role in nucleation and the film growth.
The Geothermal Field Analysis of Cooling and Heating Load Imbalance for GSHP
Authors: Zheng Xiao Hong , Zhang Lei , Liang Wen Qing , Qian Hua
Published: March 2013

This paper developed a heat transfer model of the underground pipe group to study the effect of cooling and heating load imbalance to geothermal field. The results show that, there are the approximate linear relationship between average soil temperature and the total heat flow provided by GSHP system to the soil during the whole running period. The temperature of soil restoration ratio is less than the heat flux ration in the spring and autumn. Simulation results show that when heating/ cooling load equal to 0.5 and the heating flux for the bore hole are 60w/m and -40w/m in the Summer and Winter respectively, after this system run 12 months and 10 hours every day, the average soil temperature around borehole will increase 0.48°C, and the soil close borehole temperature will increase 1.3°C than the initial soil average temperature with the value of 17.6°C, which make GSHP not be efficiently for long term running. The results is hoped to be useful for GSHP design and long term running.
Simulation Study on Influencing Factors of Rapid Steam-Charging Process in Steam Accumulator
Authors: Zhang Guo Lei , Sun Bao Zhi , Li Yan Jun , Ma Hong Bo , Liu Cong , Wang Yin Yan
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the mathematical model for the rapid steam-charging process of the steam accumulator was given based on the theory of equilibrium thermodynamics. The dynamic process has been simulated according to the model, and the effects of different factors on the steam-charging process were analyzed. The results showed that the initial coefficients of filling water had great influence on the time of steam-charging, and the influence of the considered metal’s mass was limited for the steam-charging process.
Research on the Supplier Selection Strategy Model for Shipbuilding Companies under Different Market Quotations
Authors: Zheng Jia Ning , Hu Hao , Huang Dao Zheng
Published: March 2013

The utilization of supply chain knowledge in shipbuilding industry lags other industries. This paper proposed a new Supplier Selection Strategy Model to help shipbuilding companies making supplier selecting decisions under different market quotations. Two calculation examples in the typical Buyer Market and Seller Market are described respectively. It is concluded that under different market quotations, the selection of supplier will be completely different because the market condition will influence the shipbuilding companies’ behavior significantly. At last, some suggestions are proposed for future researches in order to provide decidion supports for shipbuilding companies and improve their competitiveness in changing market conditions.
Mathematical Model of the Hole Drilling Process and Typical Automated Process of Designing Hole Drilling Operations
Authors: Zubrzycki Jarosław , Świć Antoni , Taranenko Victor
Published: March 2013

The paper is devoted to the mathematical modelling and optimal control of hole drilling. Drilling feed is considered as control action while the cutting force is controlled variable. Transfer functions of the regulators were obtained, with the cutting force variance being used as quality criterion for the automatic control system. In the article has been presented also, questions connected with the structure of typical automated process projecting of the hole drilling operation. The block pattern of the typical process automated projecting was introduced. The processed algorithms of setting of the parameters of regulators according to a priori technological information and program protection were also introduced, to automate letting the process of the study of the automatic control system for the operation of the hole drilling.
Mechanism of Randomness in Vibration Signals of Machinery
Authors: Stejskal Tomáš , Kováč Juraj , Valenčík Štefan
Published: March 2013

The paper deals with a special analysis of the vibration signal, which may reveal the chaotic behavior of the machine. The most likely effect of randomness is an exponential distribution. In case of the time interval divisions between peaks signal from vibrating machinery process has not a unique character of exponential distribution.
Construction Analysis of the Chimney of Solar Thermal Power Station
Authors: Fang Shao Wen , Yuan Xing Fei
Published: March 2013

A 100MW solar chimney is high as one thousand meters, belonging to ultra-high-rise structure. Considering the complicated load condition, the large scale and long period of construction process, construction analysis is important to the structure. Using element birth and death technology in ANSYS, the whole construction process is simulated in this paper. Numerical results indicate that the deformation and internal force of the structure change a lot during the construction process. Great differences exist in property and magnitude between construction status and design status. To investigate the stability of the structure under wind and gravity load, the first eigen buckling mode with a value of L/300 and construction deformation are considered as initial imperfection respectively. The results show the ultimate bearing capacity of the structure considering construction deformation is lower than that considering the first-order initial imperfection.
Vibrational Analysis of Planetary Gear Trains by Finite Element Method
Authors: Wang Pei Yu , Cai Xuan Long
Published: March 2013

Planetary gear trains produce several advantages, including high speed reduction, compactness, greater load sharing and higher torque to weight ratio, which are used widely in wind turbine, automobiles, robot and other applications. In some important transmission applications, the noise and vibration are key concerns in design. In this paper, a 3D dynamic contact and impact analysis model of planetary gear trains has been proposed. Tooth surface friction, backlash, tolerance of peg hole, and time-varying stiffness were considered in this dynamic model. The ANSYS / LS-DYNA were utilized to analyze the dynamic responses of gear transmission of the planetary gears. The vibration behavior of an actual gear set under dynamic loading was simulated in the dynamic model. The stiffness and elastic deformation of gear teeth are calculated using the finite element method with actual geometry and positions of the gears. The time-varying position of the carrier defined as the vibration and noise source. After impact analysis, the numerical results of vibration of carrier involved with the transient and steady states. Through the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) methods, frequency spectrums of the transient and steady states of the calculated vibration of planet carrier are obtained for the gearbox designer to avoid the resonance zone.
Effects of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Jeng Shiang Cheng , Chiou Horng Shing
Published: March 2013

The Ti-6Al-4V alloy were solution heat-treated at 960°C for 1 hour and then cooling by water-quenching immediately and 2 bar argon atmosphere, respectively. After being aged at 550°C for 5 hours, the tensile and Charpy impact test were performed. Based on the results, it is found that the quantity of primary α grains will increasing with decreasing the cooling rate following the solution heat treatment, and which will result in the tensile strength and toughness decreasing. Moreover, the optical and SEM micrographs indicated that the cracks propagated with traversing the prior β grains and propagating along the primary α grain boundaries in both of the tensile and impact fractured specimens. This implies that the strength of α grain boundary is less than that of α grain, which will play an important role on the mechanical properties of tensile strength and toughness.
Emergency Generators Planning for a Mass Rapid Transit System
Authors: Hsu Cheng Ting , Tsai Lian Jou , Cheng Tsun Jen
Published: March 2013

This paper presents the emergency generator planning and operation strategy of Taipei Mass Rapid Transit (TMRT). To execute the planning and operation of the emergency power system, the system configuration is described first. Also, the line charging capacitance of distribution cables is obtained by using the line constant program under various cable characteristics and lengths. The proper mathematical models and suitable parameters of the diesel generator, excitation system, governor system and load are investigated and applied in the computer simulation. Besides, a load shedding scheme is designed to trip the predetermined loads to avoid generators from tripping due to system overload. Finally, the dynamic system responses under various vital load scenarios are simulated to ensure the abilities of the generator during the emergency conditions by executing the transient stability analysis.
Effects of Substrate Temperature on the Microstructure and Properties of Al-Doped ZnO Thin Films by DC Magnetron Sputtering from AZOY® Target
Authors: Yao Pin Chuan , Hang Shih Tse , Wu Menq Jiun
Published: March 2013

Transparent conducting Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates by DC magnetron sputtering with a sintered ceramic target, AZOY® that contains a small amount of Y2O3 in addition to Al2O3 and ZnO. The effect of substrate temperatures (Ts) on the structural, electrical and optical properties of the prepared AZO films was evaluated extensively. By elevating Ts, the electrical conductivity of the films could be effectively improved from 1.68 ×10-3 cm (no substrates heating) to a minimum resistivity of 4.6210-4 cm at Ts = 400oC with an average visible transmittance (400~800nm) of ~80%. It revealed that substrate heating is closely related to the crystallinity and the surface roughness of the deposited films. It is noteworthy that the transmittance in the NIR region was also improved considerably as compared to those using alloy targets by reactive magnetron sputtering and even slightly higher than those using Al-doped ZnO (1 wt.%) ceramic targets by RF sputtering.
OO-Based STATCOM Installation for Power System Loading Margin Improvement
Authors: Chang Ya Chin , Chang Rung Fang
Published: March 2013

As electricity demands and power transactions continuously increase, it becomes vulnerable to voltage instability for power systems, generally incurred by over-utilized facilities or any contingency. The transmission system loading margin (LM) enhancement problem with Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) installation can be formulated as a mixed discrete-continuous nonlinear optimization problem (MDCP); due to the complexity of the MDCP, the computing burden might be very heavy. In the paper, the proposed ordinal optimization (OO) based STATCOM installation method is applied to the MDCP to solve for good enough solutions rather than the best solution, so as to largely reduce the computation burden. In the method, the crude method is first used to solve the MDCP and, based on OO theory, the exact method is then used to determine the good enough solutions. Finally, the good enough solution, as uses the fewest STATCOM device units for installation and makes the power system able to provide the required LM, is recommended for network reinforcement.
Parameter Estimation for Composite Load Model Using a Hybrid Searching Method
Authors: del Castillo Manuel Y. , Song Hwa Chang , Lee Byong Jun
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a method for parameter estimation of composite load model using a hybrid searching algorithm, which is performed by the combination of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and complex method. The method intends to enhance the ability of local searching around the solutions, also taking the advantage of global searching by PSO. The load model of interest, in this paper, is composed of a static model and the third order induction motor model, for power system stability analysis. The origin of the hybrid method is to further apply the complex method as a local search for better solutions, with the selected particles from the PSO procedure performed at PSO iteration.
Simulation Panel on Conductivity for Polarization and Depolarization Current (PDC) Measurement of Offline Monitoring Using LabVIEW
Authors: Addawiyah Zainir Rubiatul B. , Asiah Muhamad Nor B. , Rafei Ishak Iqbal , Akmal Mohd Jamail Nor
Published: March 2013

Ageing is the major problem to the life span of high voltage insulation. Thus, continuous assessment method had gained an interest recently due to the economic concern. The measurement and evaluation of the dielectric response is one of the methods to diagnose transformer insulation condition. Dielectric diagnosis through polarization and depolarization current (PDC) measurement used dielectric response in time domain to assess the insulator. This paper presents the PDC data analysis system developed using LabVIEW software. The developed user-friendly system will enable user to run the recorded PDC data to evaluate the performance of the insulator in term of its conductivity and response function. The analysis result on PDC data recorded from field run using this system also been presented in this paper. Based on the obtained result, the system developed has been successfully helping user to do analysis on PDC data by giving the PDC pattern, conductivity value and response function of the insulator tested.
The Effect of Electrical Switch Structure to the Contact Voltage-Drop and Temperature Variations
Authors: Huang Chyouh Wu
Published: March 2013

Due to the continuing renovation of the modern technology and the demand for the better consumer products, electricity has become one of the important factors that affect people’s life. The electrical switch is an important element of the electrical device and has been used intensively in industry and transportation devices, such as electrical bicycle, electrical motorcycle, winch etc. As the increasing usage of the electrical switch, the switch quality requirement increases as well. The important factors are contact point mass transferring loss, electric arc energy and contact point resistance and loss. Once the contact point fails to function, the whole electrical device ceases to function. However, regarding the electrical efficiency, in addition to the effect of the contact point materials, the structure is an important factor. In this study the structure of the electrical switch is studied and the effects of spring stiffness, guiding pin and ring to the switch lifespan are discussed. Taguchi method was used to design the experiment. L9(34) Orthogonal Array table was used to perform and discuss the effect of four factors to the desired characteristics; that is to minimize both the contact voltage-drop and the contact temperature increase. Four factors chosen are guiding pin material, compression spring, contact spring and buckle. Test results show that contact spring has the most effectiveness to the contact voltage-drop and temperature increase and is followed by compression spring. Guiding pin and ring type have minimum influence.
Comparative Study on Effect of Temperature & Moisture on Transformer Insulation Conductivity
Authors: Suleiman Abubakar Abdull , Zainir Rubiatul A. B. , Muhamad Nor Asiah , Bashir Nouruddeen
Published: March 2013

It has been acknowledged that the insulation of the power transformers is the main cause of their failures. This can easily be attributed to the fact that all power transformers connected to electrical power networks bears loads and the load causes temperature rise and degradation of the cellulose paper. The by-product of the degradation includes moisture. The high temperature and moisture combine to accelerate the rate of insulation breakdown by increasing the material conductivity, σ and also increase the aging rate of the transformer. This paper has reviewed some transformer assessments and tests as sample data to study the effects of temperature and moisture on power transformer insulation conductivity. The results from the tests and measurements were analyzed and presented accordingly. The analyses of results found that irrespective of the assessment technique used, be it FDS, PDC or RVM, conductivity of the transformer insulating materials increases with any increase in both temperature and moisture content.
Application of LAPUR6 to Lungmen ABWR Stability Analysis
Authors: Lin Hao Tzu , Wang Jong Rong , Shih Chun Kuan
Published: March 2013

Lungmen nuclear power plant (NPP) is the first ABWR (Advanced Boiling Water Reactor) in Taiwan and still under construction. It has two identical units with 3,926 MWt rated thermal power each and 52.2×106 kg/hr rated core flow. The core has 872 bundles of GE14 fuel, and the steam flow is 7.637×106 kg/hr at rated power. According to the chapter 4 of Lungmen NPP FSAR (Final Safety Analysis Report), the design features of Lungmen NPP improve the core stability performance and assure that it is more stable than the current BWR (Boiling Water Reactor) NPP in the normal operating regions. In this research, the LAPUR6 stability analysis of Lungmen NPP is performed in order to versify the design features of Lungmen NPP which causes the more stable than the current BWR NPPs. The analysis results of LAPUR6 indicate that the design features of Lungmen NPP can improve the core stability performance effectively and result in the more stable than the current BWR NPPs.
Critical Electric Field of InGaN p-i-n Solar Cell
Authors: Lin Der Yuh , Chi Chao Yu
Published: March 2013

We present a study of electric field effect on the efficiency of GaN/In0.1Ga0.9N p-i-n solar cells by using the advanced physical models of semiconductor devices (APSYS) simulation program. In this study, the electric field strength and other parameters such as optimum thickness of p-type layer and efficiency of GaN/In0.1Ga0.9N p-i-n solar cells with different i-layer thicknesses have been performed. On the basis of simulating results, for a high efficiency solar cell, it is found that the optimum p-type layer concentration is above 4×1016 cm-3 and the suitable thickness is between 0.1 to 0.2 μm. For different i-layer thickness and p-doping concentrations, a critical electric field (Fc) has been found at 100 kV/cm. It is worth to note that when the electric field strength of i-layer below Fc value, the solar cell efficiency will dramatically decrease. Thus Fc can be seen as an index for acquiring the quality of solar device.
A Study of Solar Energy Produce Hydrogen Combine Fuel Cell Generator System
Authors: Chung Chin Ming , Lin Chun Chin
Published: March 2013

This paper aims to study the solar energy produce hydrogen combine fuel cell generation system. Utilization digital signal processor of power conversion for solar charging system for the overall system control center to achieve all stability of power system The system consists of a solar module to DC 14V 37W, PEMFC power generation 30W, digital signal processor( TMS320LF2407), assembly of bipolar electrolyzer and power converter The self –made hydroxide ion film of this experiment is excellent performance in separating hydrogen from Oxygen, so the hydrogen purity can be as high as 99.2%,and the generating efficiency of the fuel cell can be maintained at 29%.
An Experimental Study on the Connection of Diaphragm in Prefabricated Bridge
Authors: Kim Tae Wan , Cho Doo Yong , Park Sun Kyu
Published: March 2013

A recently new construction and reconstruction of the bridge have been required to minimize traffic congestion, environmental disadvantage, to reduce the period of construction, and to improve the quality and workability during the construction. For this reason, the application of modular bridge system, which is assembly of the structural members, is necessary to prepare for near future. Fall of girders can occur at the moment to connect between precast girders during the construction, so appropriate cross beams should be installed to solve the mentioned problem. In this study, understanding the structural characteristics and status of cross beam, alternative cross beam system for modular bridge was developed. To inspect the structural characteristics of the alternative system, specimens were built and static loading test was performed. Afterward, the behavior of cross beam in terms of joints and load distribution was observed. Experimental results were analyzed and compared with each data. Therefore, the appropriate cross beam system for modular bridge will be chosen and proposed in this paper.
Microstructure and Mechanism of Concrete Using Inorganic Silicate Admixture
Authors: Zou Si Yu , Huang Ran , Cheng An , Lin Wei Ting , Chang Jia Liang
Published: March 2013

The study evaluates the properties of concrete mixed with inorganic silicate admixture. The admixture was used in proportions of 3%, 5%, and 7% of the weight of the cement. We performed tests on compressive strength and elastic modulus to evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete. Results show that the addition of the inorganic silicate admixture has a positive influence on the mechanical properties of concrete, with the best results obtained with 3% admixture. MIP porosity measurements determined that the addition of inorganic silicate admixture increased the density of the porous structure. SEM microscopic analysis revealed many needle-like protrusions into the porous structure of concrete. XRF chemical composition analysis indicated that these structures comprised mainly Na2O and SiO2. Can with cement hydration products Ca(OH)2 bring in Chemical reaction. Inferred pore structure Within be C-S-H gel of needle-like protruding structure. it can improve the main cause of mechanical properties of concrete.
Assess of the Nuclear Power Plant Structures Residual Life and Earthquake Resistance
Authors: Salajka Vlastislav , Hradil Petr , Kala Jiri
Published: March 2013

The paper deals with the seismic analysis of safety related structures of an operating nuclear power plant. At present time the nuclear power plants of VVER-400/213 type operate for over thirty years and there are arising requirements to verify the actual state of structures in order to assess their residual life in general. A sophisticated computation model has been developed for the seismic structural analysis using the ANSYS program package. The model involves the complex of all constrained structures of two main production blocks with equipment. In order to get a general view at the seismic load effects, seismic response analysis has been performed using direct integration of equations of motion in 25 sec interval at 0.01 sec step with excitation described by accelerograms. Combinations of dead loads and seismic loads have been considered in the stress assessment of the structures. The results of the performed analyses form a base for residual life prediction of selected structures
Two-by-Four Construction System for Earthquake Preparation
Authors: Ahn Kug Jin , Baek Cheong Hoon
Published: March 2013

The 2 × 4 construction system arose in North America and is supplied throughout the world; however, there has been no clear identification of its application under various conditions in different regions. This paper identifies localized 2 × 4 construction systems by comparing the changes in its practice in six countries and the countermeasures taken against earthquakes, which are a major influence on local environmental conditions. The foundation, floor, wall, and joints built using the 2 × 4 construction system of each region were compared and analyzed with regard to their countermeasures against earthquakes, and the results were summarized to propose a 2×4 construction system to counteract earthquakes.
Durability Analysis on Reactive Powder Concrete as Barrier Materials for Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal
Authors: Chuang Mei Ling , Huang Wei Hsing
Published: March 2013

Reactive powder concrete (RPC) has been proposed as barrier materials for the construction of engineered barrier in a low-level radioactive waste disposal site. The durability characteristics of RPC in such applications become paramount for the success of the containment of the wastes. The adverse environmental conditions at the disposal site could attack concrete barrier material and result in degradation of the material. Laboratory tests were conducted on RPC with various compositions to investigate the physical and durability properties of RPC. The effects of the addition of cement, silica fume, quartz powder, silica sand, steel fiber, and 2 levels of water-to-binder ratio (W/B = 0.25 and 0.30) on the properties of RPC specimens were investigated. Experimental results indicate that the long-term durability of RPC is significantly improved with the hydration of pozzolanic materials, which produces a very dense structure and thus exhibiting improved durability. The coefficient of permeability of RPC matrix determined using gas permeability apparatus demonstrated that RPC has much lower permeability than that of ordinary concrete. Heat-treating of concrete at 80°C accelerates the hydration process of RPC and shows enhanced physical and durable characteristics, as demonstrated by the chloride penetration test results.
Effects of Site Classification on Empirical Correlation between Shear Wave Velocity and Standard Penetration Resistance for Soils
Authors: Tan Chee Ghuan , Abdul Majid Taksiah , Ariffin Kamar Shah , Bunnori Norazura Muhamad
Published: March 2013

In seismic engineering, the dynamic property of the soil is one of the most important aspects in ground response analysis. Dynamic property is significantly affected by local soil deposits. Shear wave velocity (Vs) of soil is one of the main parameters in determining the amplification factor on ground surface. It is not economically feasible to measure Vs for all sites. Therefore, a reliable empirical correlation between Vs and standard penetration resistance (Nspt) will be useful since Nspt data are easily obtainable in construction industry. This study aims to develop an empirical correlation between Vs and Nspt for all soils by considering the effect of site classification according to the Uniform Building Code. New empirical correlations for all soils are presented in this study and well compared with the previous study to evaluate prediction capability. Results show that site classification has a significant impact on the Vs estimation, and that the proposed correlations are the most appropriate for estimating the Vs profile in the studied area compared with existing correlations.
Evaluation of Tip Capacity Analysis Model for Drilled Shafts in Gravelly Soils
Authors: Chen Yit Jin , Marcos Maria Cecilia M. , Chu T.H. , Wu H.W.
Published: March 2013

This paper examines an analysis model for predicting the tip capacity of drilled shaft foundations under gravelly soils. Forty one static compression load test data are utilized for this purpose. Comparison of predicted and measured results demonstrates that the prediction model greatly overestimates the tip capacity of drilled shafts. Further assessment on the model reveals a greater variation in three coefficients; the effective overburden pressure ( ), the overburden bearing capacity factor (Nq); and the bearing capacity modifier for soil rigidity (ζqr). These factors are modified from the back-analysis of the drilled shaft load test results. Varying effective shaft depths are considered for the back-calculation to explore their effects on capacity behavior. Based on the analyses, the recommended effective shaft depth for the evaluation of effective overburden pressure is limited to 15B (B=shaft diameter). The Nq and ζqr are enhanced while maintaining their basic relationship with the soil effective friction angle, in which the Nq increases and ζqr decreases as increases. Specific design recommendations for the tip bearing capacity analysis of drilled shafts in gravelly soils are given for engineering practice.
Evaluation on CO2 Emission of Light Weight Steel Housing in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Yu Sheng , Lee Kuei Peng , Ou Wen Sheng
Published: March 2013

The reinforced concrete (RC) buildings commonly used in Taiwan not only create great pollutions in material manufacturing and construction phases but also destroy the environment. On the other hand, the light weight steel buildings are safe, healthy, comfortable, producing less waste, and environmental friendly. Therefore, light weight steel buildings have been promoted in Taiwan by the government as an important “green building” policy. In Taiwan, there is still a large market of low rise light weight steel housing. To promote light weight steel housing in Taiwan, we should evaluate its influence on environment. In this research, we established a CO2 emission database for light weight steel building materials and calculated CO2 emission for a light weight steel house. The results showed that a low rise light weight steel house has 39% less CO2 emission than an RC house in the same scale. A light weight steel house has a good building envelope that decreases energy consumption of air-condition by 35.42-42.95%. Therefore, a light weight steel house has less CO2 emission from building materials and energy consumption than an RC house.
The Application of Light Weight Aggregate Using Reservoir Sediments for Concrete Filled Columns
Authors: Liu Jui Ling , Lue Dung Myau , Chung Ping T.
Published: March 2013

In the current 2005 AISC specification, the in-filled light-weight concrete strength (fc´) of concrete-filled tube (CFT) columns is set in the range of 21~ 42 MPa, but with no real substantial testing data to confirm and verify the provisions. Research work related to rectangular column sections with light-weight concrete is rather limited and deserves further investigation. Eighteen rectangular tubes filled with light-weight concrete with fc´ varying from 21.4 to 43.5 MPa were tested. A special kind of light weight aggregate using find sediment deposits dredged from a local reservoir in Taiwan were used in this experimental study. Formulas for CFT columns as specified in the design code AISC Specification were examined and compared. The test results actually show that the further lower fc´ values are possible and that the 1999 AISC-LRFD provisions yields conservative design results. For the fc´ range specified in the 2005 AISC specification is found to be in good agreement with the test results
Structural Performance of the Tensioning Air Beam System and its Analytical Modeling
Authors: Baek Ki Youl , Kim Dae Jin
Published: March 2013

A study on the structural performance of the tensioning air beam system (TABS) is presented. TABS consists of the air beam, steel frames and cable struts and is a hybrid structural system. This system has the advantage of reduced self-weight and is easy to construct while it can improve the load bearing capacity of membrane structures. It maximizes the structural capacities of individual elements, thus can be considered as a very effective system in both structural and economical aspects. In this study, a structural test was carried out to investigate the structural performance of TABS under different membrane pressure conditions. A simple analytical model was proposed to predict the structural behavior of TABS and its validity was evaluated by comparing its results with the test values.