bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examination of Food Insecurity, Socio-Demographic, Psychosocial, and Physical Factors among Residents in Public Housing
Authors: Quintiliani Lisa M. , Whiteley Jessica A. , Zhu Jessica , Quinn Emily K. , Murillo Jennifer , Lara Ramona , Kane John
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Understanding associations between psychosocial and physical factors among those who experience food insecu­rity could help design effective food insecu­rity programs for improved cardiovascular health among low-income populations. We examined differences in psychosocial and physical factors between those who were food secure compared with food insecure among public housing residents.Methods: Data were from the baseline survey of a randomized controlled trial of a weight management intervention in Boston,  Massachusetts from 2016-2017. Food insecurity and psychosocial and physical factors, including perceived stress, personal problems, social support, and physical symptoms, were measured via interviewer-administered screeners.Results: Mean age of the sample (N=102) was 46.5 years (SD=11.9). The majority were Hispanic (67%), female (88%), with ≤high school degree (62%). Nearly half were food insecure (48%). For psychosocial vari­ables, those who were food insecure had higher ratings of perceived stress (adjusted mean difference 3.39, 95% CI:2.00,4.79), a higher number of personal problems (ad­justed mean difference 1.85, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.51), and lower social support (adjusted mean difference -0.70, 95% CI:-1.30,-0.11) compared with those who were food se­cure. For physical variables, those who were food insecure had higher odds of reporting negative physical symptoms (aOR 4.92, 95% CI:1.84,13.16).Conclusion: Among this sample of public housing residents, food insecurity was as­sociated with higher stress, more personal problems, higher experiences of physical symptoms, and lower social support. Ethn Dis. 2021;31(1):159-164; doi:10.18865/ed.31.1.159
Social Determinants of Health as Potential Influencers of a Collaborative Care Intervention for Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Ibe Chidinma A. , Alvarez Carmen , Carson Kathryn A. , Marsteller Jill A. , Crews Deidra C. , Dietz Katherine B. , Greer Raquel C. , Bone Lee R. , Cooper Lisa A.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: The use of collaborative care teams, comprising nurse care managers and community health workers, has emerged as a promising strategy to tackle hyperten­sion disparities by addressing patients’ social determinants of health. We sought to identify which social determinants of health are associated with a patient’s likelihood of engaging with collaborative care team members and with the nurse care manager’s likelihood of enlisting community health workers (CHW) to provide additional sup­port to patients.Methods: We conducted a within-group longitudinal analysis of patients assigned to receive a collaborative care intervention in a pragmatic, cluster randomized trial that aims to reduce disparities in hypertension control (N=888). Generalized estimating equations were used to identify which social deter­minants of health, reported on the study’s baseline survey, were associated with the odds of patients engaging with the col­laborative care intervention, and of nurses deploying community health workers.Results: Patients who were unable to work and those with higher health literacy were less likely to engage with the collaborative care team than those who were employed full time or had lower health literacy, respectively. Patients had a greater likeli­hood of being referred to a community health worker by their care manager if they reported higher health literacy, perceived stress, or food insecurity, while those report­ing higher numeracy had lower odds of receiving a CHW referral.Implications/Conclusions: A patient’s social determinants of health influence the extent of engagement in a collaborative care intervention and nurse care manager appraisals of the need for supplementary support provided by community health workers.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(1):47-56; doi:10.18865/ed.31.1.47
A Survey of Parental Knowledge of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Respiratory Infections in Preterm Infants
Authors: Bracht Marianne , Bacchini Fabiana , Paes Bosco
Published: January 2021

Purpose

Evaluate parental knowledge of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other respiratory infections in preterm infants.

Design

Survey.

Sample

Five hundred and eighty-three parents of preterm infants with generalized, Canadian provincial representation.

Main Outcome

Knowledge of RSV infection, sources of information, and parental understanding of disease risk.

Results

97.9 percent (571/583) of the parents had heard about RSV, since they all had a preterm infant. Sixty-one percent reported having good knowledge of RSV; 19.4 percent had very good knowledge; 19.7 percent had little or no awareness of RSV-related infection. Most (86.3 percent) believed that RSV illness was a very serious condition; 13 percent recognized that it could be a major problem for their child. Principal sources of information were the nurse, doctor and pamphlets. Over 480 participants cited 3 or more sources of additional information—Internet, social media platforms, and educational sessions. Respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis was a priority, but knowledge regarding the eligibility criteria for prophylaxis is essential.
Innovation in Practice: Preparing Doulas to Support Cesarean Births
Authors: DeSarro Allison K. , Lanning Rhonda K.
Published: January 2021

Despite growing initiatives to support patient-centered labor and birth care, implementation of this care in the operating room is still limited. Doulas can be utilized in the operating room to facilitate evidence-based practices such as skin-to-skin contact for patients and newborns during cesarean birth. This article evaluates a curriculum and training method that was developed to educate doulas to provide safe and effective care during the cesarean birth experience. This intervention was found to be effective at improving doulas' self-perceived confidence in skills essential to support cesarean births and may serve as a model for other institutions to address barriers to the implementation of patient-centered evidence-based care in the operating room.
Using Simulation to Teach Breastfeeding Management Skills and Improve Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy
Authors: Webber Elaine , Wodwaski Nadine , Courtney Renee
Published: January 2021

Breastfeeding rates in the United States continue to be variable and are not meeting benchmarks established by Healthy People 2020. The literature indicates that although breastfeeding knowledge of providers is paramount in the success of breastfeeding mothers, most receive minimal education regarding breastfeeding management. Recognizing a lack of opportunities for nursing students to practice breastfeeding management during clinical rotations, a breastfeeding simulation program was implemented for students prior to beginning Maternal Child Health clinicals. Students reported increased confidence in caring for breastfeeding dyads and enhanced comfort when providing care to a breastfeeding mother (breastfeeding self-efficacy). This hands-on educational approach can be utilized for any provider working with breastfeeding dyads.
An Integrative Review: The Role of the Doula in Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration
Authors: Acquaye Stephanie N. , Spatz Diane L.
Published: January 2021

The objective of this integrative review was to assess birth and postpartum doulas' roles in supporting breastfeeding initiation and duration. The electronic databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, PubMed, and Scopus were searched using the key terms doula and breastfeeding. Fourteen articles met inclusion criteria. Six key themes were identified. Doulas may acquire only modest amounts of lactation-specific education; however, doula care still enhances the breastfeeding care provided by health-care professionals. Doulas offer prenatal and intrapartum support that encourages breastfeeding initiation in the hospital, as well as providing breastfeeding support in the community and home settings. This reinforces the unique role of the doula in bolstering maternal–infant health. The effect of doulas on breastfeeding duration is less clear.
Glicerio Sánchez Recio, El estigma republicano de la magistratura. La depuración franquista de los jueces, Alicante, Publicacions Universitat d’Alacant, 2020, 191 páginas
Authors: Payá López Pedro
Published: January 2021

Reseña
Charateristics of Gynecological Abnormalities and Types of Urine Diversion at Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, in Three-Year Period
Authors: Soetojo Soetojo , Nurdin Ambo Tuwo
Published: January 2021

In the case of advanced stage gynecological disorders, most patients have a disturbance in the upper urinary tract. Most patients with uterine cervical carcinoma are already in stage 3B and require urine diversion. The purpose of this study is to find and determine the profile of gynecological disorders that require urine diversion, the type of urine diversion, and urine diverted output in patients with cervical carcinoma. This descriptive analytical retrospective study was conducted at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, between 2012 and 2015. The samples of this study were all patients with gynecological disorders who underwent retrograde DJ stent procedures, underwent ureterocutaneostomy and nephrostomy at the Integrated Central Surgery Building, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, for three years between 2012 and 2015. Data was collected based on the medical record number of patients with gynecological disorders who underwent urine diversion procedures and were recorded in the book on the operation schedule. We find that the most common cause of gynecological abnormalities in kidney obstruction is cervical carcinoma. There are three types of urine diversions used, namely DJ stent, percutaneous nefropyelostomy, and ureterocutaneostomy, with DJ as the most commonly performed. Urine diversion can improve creatinine without being influenced by the type of diversity.
Ratio of CD68/CD163 in Breast Carcinoma with and without Axillary Lymph Node Metastatic
Authors: Wiratama Priangga Adi , Sandhika Willy
Published: January 2021

Tumor and its microenvironment can interact each other. Macrophage is part of tumor microenvironment. New drugs targeting specific superficial receptor of macrophage or cytokine of macrophage polarization have been found. Therefore, macrophage phenotype and its ratio of M1/M2 macrophage need to be identified. This identification could lead us to prognose breast cancer and monitor its therapy. Analytical observational study with cross sectional approach, conducted on paraffin block sample of breast carcinoma from Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. The samples divided into four groups based on nodal metastasis staging (N0, N1, N2, and N3) and stained with antibody against CD68 and CD163. The ratio of  CD68 and CD163 were analyzed with Anova test. There were difference expression of CD68 as M1 macrophage marker in various axillary node metastasis groups (p=0.015). There were difference ratio of CD68 as M1 macrophage marker and CD163 as M2 macrophage marker in various axillary node metastasis groups (p=0.005). There were difference ratio of macrophage M1 and macrophage M2 between N0 and N3 group, N2 and N3 group also.
Relationship of Pancreatic Volumes Using CT Scan in Indonesian Adults with Age, Sex, and Body Mass Index
Authors: Mu’ti Abdul , Paramita Swandari
Published: January 2021

The volume of internal organs, including pancreas, show potential health problems. Several medical conditions are associated with the volume of the pancreas. The study aimed to determine the pancreatic volumes using a computed tomography (CT) scan in normal Indonesian adults and to determine whether the age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) influence the measurement of pancreatic volumes. The study was conducted by 119 people aged between 20-77 years old. Pancreatic volume measurement was performed using the summation of area technique. Statistical analyzes used independent t-test and Pearson correlation test. The study showed a significant difference of pancreatic volumes between normoweight and overweight individuals with p=0.041 (p<0.05). The results showed a significant difference of pancreatic volumes between male and female with p=0.020 (p<0.05). The results showed a significant correlation between pancreatic volumes and age p=0.004 (p<0.05). These findings suggest that the change in pancreas volume with age, sex, and BMI is comparable among different ethnicities, which is also in line with other studies.
The Use of Oral Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection on Postoperative Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Hadi Norman , Ishardyanto Hantoro
Published: January 2021

Surgical operations on modified radical mastectomy are considered clean procedures by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) wound classification system. Despite this, higher than expected Surgical Site Infection (SSI) rates are reported, varying from 1 % to 26 % across the literature. Some surgeons also prescribe postoperative prophylaxis for postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients to prevent infection despite its lack of proven efficacy. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of oral antibiotics to prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. This study was double-blinded randomized control trial of 60 postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients (2 groups) during the period of December 2017 to March 2018. Samples were prospectively divided into two groups (random sampling), in group A (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued with oral antibiotics postoperative (Cefadroxil 2 x 500 mg) during 7 days and in group B (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued without postoperative antibiotics (placebo). Both groups were evaluated clinically for surgical site infection up to 30 days. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups {p=1 (p>0.05)}. There was no incidence of surgical site infection in both groups during the 30-day follow-up period (days 3, 7, 14 and 30). There was no difference in the surgical site infection rate among those who received oral postoperative antibiotics prophylactic and without antibiotics (placebo) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Because of the potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use, further evaluation of this practice is required.
Profile of Secondary Glaucoma at a Tertiary Hospital in East Java
Authors: Komaratih Evelyn , Rindiastuti Yuyun , Primitasari Yulia
Published: January 2021

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. The aim of this study was to review the profile of secondary glaucoma cases visiting a tertiary hospital in East Java. This is retrospective observational study, completed case records of new patients with secondary glaucoma who presented to glaucoma clinic from January 2014 to April 2016 were included. Out of the 363 case records screened, 66 cases were found to eligible for inclusion. The evaluation included a detailed history and examination performed including vision, anterior segment examination, intraocular pressure (IOP), gonioscopy, and fundus evaluation. Diagnosis of secondary glaucoma was made on the basis of presence of a secondary cause for presence of raised IOP. 66 cases were eligible for inclusion in the study, most of the cases was occurred in the range age 21-50 years. The male female ratio was 1.3:1. Frequent causes of secondary glaucoma were lens factor 30.8%, steroid induced 29.5%, uveitic 20.5%, neovascular15.4%, and surgical complication 3.8%. Most patients with secondary glaucoma have poor vision < 0.1 with high IOP at presentation. Assessment and early detection of underlying cause is the key guide to treatment strategy.
Structural Model of Maternal Behavior in Community Setting to Prevent Low Birth Weight in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Anggrahini Simplicia Maria , Notobroto Hari Basuki , Irwanto Irwanto , Suryawan Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Low birth weight (LBW) is still a magnitude problem in Indonesia with a multifactorial causes. Studies revealed that one of cause of LBW-infants birth is mother's behavior in treating her pregnancy, including traditional pregnancy care practices. The purpose was to develop the structural model on community setting that might describe the LBW infants-birth. A case-control study on 50 post-partum mothers with LBW and 50 with normal birthweight infants was held in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, November 2016 - May 2017. Mother who have spontaneous birth, singleton, and received integrated ANC were inlcuded. Several data such as maternal characteristics, pregnancy knowledge, perceived behavioral control (PBC), maternal health status, obedience to traditional pregnancy care, were collected using questionnaire and medical records tracing. Statistical analysis was performed using path analysis from SmartPLS 3.2.7 and considered significant path when the coefficients were not zero with P value <0.05. Outer and inner model analysis showed two significant paths, both are come from maternal characteristic that influence the LBW infants-birth through pregnancy knowledge (0.489, P=0.000) and PBC (0,425, P=0,000). In the first path, PBC affect maternal health status (0.217, P=0.021) which in turn will cause LBW (0.201, P=0.001). The second path, PBC affect the obedience to traditional pregnancy care (0.474, P=0.000) and then influence to LBW (0.316, P=0.000). As conclusion, maternal characteristics, pregnancy knowledge, PBC, maternal health status, and obedience to traditional pregnancy care are key points that might be used as a significant variables in preventing LBW-infants birth.
Effectiveness of Antidiarrheal Unripe Wooden Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) in Male Balb-C/Mice Induced with Escherichia coli
Authors: Ningsih Arista Wahyu , Rochmanti Maftuchah , Basori Achmad
Published: January 2021

The survey results in Indonesia in 2017 showed that the diarrhea morbidity rate for all age groups was 6.897.463. In Indonesia, unripe wooden banana has been used empirically as an antidiarrheal by the people in Senduro village, Lumajang, East Java. The study aimed to prove the antidiarrheal effect of ethanol extract of unripe wooden banana (Musa paradisiaca L) in male Balb-C/mice induced by Escherichia coli bacteria.This study was a laboratory experimental study with post-test only control group design that used 40 micedivided into 8 groups, namely 1group without treatment (normal mice) and 7 groups induced by Escherichia coli(1negative controlgroup given CMC-Na, 3 groups positive controls were given Loperamid HCL 0,5 mg/kgBB, 1 mg/kgBB and 2 mg/kgBB and 3 treatment groups were given extracts 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB and 400 mg/kgBB). Observation of animals in this study was carried out for 4 hours. Data were analyzed of frequency of diarrhea, fecal weight and fecal consistency used Kruskal Wallis and the results showed significant differences between treatment groups (p <0.05). From the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the ethanol extract of unripe wooden banana with a dose of 100 mg/kgBB was notsignificantly different (p> 0.05) with the control group of Loperamid HCL dose of 0.5 mg/kgBB. Unripe wooden banana had been shown to have antidiarrheal activity at an extract dose of 100 mg/kg BB in terms of the parameters of fecal consistency, frequency of diarrhea, and fecal weight. The results showed that the higher the dose, the better antidiarrheal activity
The Influence of Anti-Hiv-1 Specific IgY In Inhibiting HIV-1 Infection in Binding Phase with Syncytium Examination of CD4 Receptor Density Using the Flowcytometry Method
Authors: Maskoep Wiwiek Indriyani , Nasronudin Nasronudin , Khairunisa Siti , Sudjarwo Sri Agus
Published: January 2021

HIV/ AIDS infections have increased and spread very quickly in the world, including in Indonesia. The absence of an effective vaccine and the fact that antiretroviral drugs can only suppress the progression of infection but cannot eradicate it lead to the efforts to find materials containing immunoglobulins that can replace the immune system which greatly declines in HIV/ AIDS patients. The successful use of specific IgY in other studies opens up opportunities for the use of anti-HIV-1 specific IgY as passive immunotherapy. This type of research is true experimental research design with post-test only control group design. IgY was obtained from Lohmann Laying hens chicken eggs immunized with the inactivated HIV-1 virus. The concentration of IgY was determined using the Bradford method and then the characterization test was continued using the AGPT, ELISA, SDS-PAGE and Western blot tests which showed anti-HIV-1 specific IgY. The results of the test showed specific anti-HIV-1 IgY was effective in inhibiting the formation of syncytium in HIV-1 infection against CD4+ T lymphocytes in the binding phase (entry stage) in the treatment group p-value 0.000 (p <0.05). The results of CD4 receptor density tests using the Flowcytometry method showed that specific anti-HIV-1 IgY was effective in inhibiting HIV-1 infection against CD4+ T lymphocytes in the binding phase (entry stage) in the treatment group p-value 0.047 (p <0.05).HIV/ AIDS infections have increased and spread very quickly in the world, including in Indonesia. The absence of an effective vaccine and the fact that antiretroviral drugs can only suppress the progression of infection but cannot eradicate it lead to the efforts to find materials containing immunoglobulins that can replace the immune system which greatly declines in HIV/ AIDS patients. The successful use of specific IgY in other studies opens up opportunities for the use of anti-HIV-1 specific IgY as passive immunotherapy. This type of research is true experimental research design with post-test only control group design. IgY was obtained from Lohmann Laying hens chicken eggs immunized with the inactivated HIV-1 virus. The concentration of IgY was determined using the Bradford method and then the characterization test was continued using the AGPT, ELISA, SDS-PAGE and Western blot tests which showed anti-HIV-1 specific IgY. The results of the test showed specific anti-HIV-1 IgY was effective in inhibiting the formation of syncytium in HIV-1 infection against CD4+ T lymphocytes in the binding phase (entry stage) in the treatment group p-value 0.000 (p <0.05). The results of CD4 receptor density tests using the Flowcytometry method showed that specific anti-HIV-1 IgY was effective in inhibiting HIV-1 infection against CD4+ T lymphocytes in the binding phase (entry stage) in the treatment group p-value 0.047 (p <0.05).
Epidemiology Study of Dengue Virus In Surabaya, Bogor, and Bangkalan, Indonesia 2008-2018
Authors: Soegijanto Soegeng , Sucipto Teguh Hari , Mulyatno Kris Cahyo , Churrotin Siti
Published: January 2021

Dengue virus (DENV) is mosquito-borne viral diseases, transmitted by the vector mosquitoes such as Aedes sp. Infection with four serotypes of DENV-1 to 4. Indonesia, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) was first recognized in 1968 in the cities of Jakarta and Surabaya. In 2007, we started DENV surveillance in Surabaya supported by the joined program of the Japan Initiative for Global Research Network on Infectious Disease (J-GRID) established the Indonesia-Kobe University Collaborative Research Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CRC-ERID). The results of serotype and genotype, in Surabaya and Bangkalan are similar with previous result in Indonesia, but especially in Bogor similar with Japan 2014. This study showed the importance of continuous virus surveillance in dengue endemic areas, in order to understand the dynamic of dengue infection disease in Indonesia.
Congenital Parameatal Urethral Cyst in The Male: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Oktaviani Dian Paramita , Hoetama Sakti , Soetojo Soetojo
Published: January 2021

Purpose:: To report one case of parameatal urethral cyst.Background : Parameatal urethral cyst is a scarce congenital condition that was first reported in two males in 1956, until now in reported literature only found less than 50 cases, in both adults and children. Our patient, case of parameatal urethral cyst in a 5 years old boy is reported. Complete excision with total removal of the epithelium of the cyst is required management for the treatment and prevention of cyst reocurrance.Case Report:a 5 years old male with a cystic lesion around urethral meatus since birth. At least 5 month the parents complain distorted urinary flow and poor appearance, and no other urinary symptom, no history of trauma. On physical examination, cystic mass with spherical shape which was about 0.5 cm in diameter was found around external meatus. There was no inflammatory sign. And there was normal blood laboratory (blood counts and blood chemistry) and urine laboratory (urine analysis and urine culture). The patient undergo completely excision of the cyst under general anaesthesia, and remove all of the lining epithelium. Good appearance results were obtained after 2 months follow up, without meatal strictures and urine stream problems, and no postoperative complications or recurrence. Pathological : Squamous epithelial, granulation tissue with chronic inflamationConclusions :Parameatal urethral cyst is a very rare benign condition that is asymptomatic in most of the cases. It may be present since birth or appear later and is prevalent in young males. Its etiology remains unclear and treatment is by complete surgical excision to avoid complications and recurrence. Good cosmetic results were obtained in this case without any recurrence at two months follow up.Parameatal cyst, Glans penis, external meatus urethra, Urethral cyst
Deep Learning Model for Detection of Hypoalbuminemia Using Electrocardiography
Authors: Kwon Joon-myoung , Lee Soo Youn , Lee Yoon-Ji , Jo Yong-Yeon , Jung Min-Seung , Cho Yong-Hyeon , Shin Jae-Hyun , Ban Jang-Hyeon , Kim Kyung-Hee , Park Jinsik , Oh Byung-Hee
Published: January 2021

Background: Albumin has a pivotal role in the homeostasis of osmotic pressure and is associated with cardiovascular, nephrotic, hepatic, and nutritional diseases. The detection of hypoalbuminemia is a cornerstone for diagnosis of hidden diseases and patient deterioration. We developed and validated a deep-learning-based model (DLM) for detection of hypoalbuminemia using electrocardiography (ECG). Methods: This historical cohort study included data from consecutive patients from two hospitals. The patient data in one hospital were divided into development (82,499 ECGs from 54,248 patients) and internal validation (20,664 ECGs from 20,664 patients) datasets, whereas the patient data in the other hospital were included in only an external validation (37,421 ECGs from 37,421 patients) dataset. An DLM was developed using a 12-lead ECG signal, age, and sex from the development dataset. The endpoint was hypoalbuminemia, defined by serum albumin concentration below 3.5 g/dL. Results: During the internal and external validations, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the DLM for the detection of hypoalbuminemia were 0.887 (0.877–0.897) and 0.888 (0.880–0.896), respectively. Among the 27,400 individuals without hypoalbuminemia at the initial laboratory exam, those identified by the DLM as higher-risk patients had a significantly larger change in developing hypoalbuminemia than those in the low-risk group (7.09% vs. 1.01%, p < 0.001) during 24 months. The sensitivity map showed that the DLM focused on the T wave and QRS complex for the detection of hypoalbuminemia. Conclusions: The DLM exhibited a high accuracy for hypoalbuminemia detection and prediction using 12-, 6-, and single-lead ECGs.
Biocatalytic Transformation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-Di(hydroxymethyl)furan by a Newly Isolated Fusarium striatum Strain
Authors: Millán Alberto , Sala Núria , Torres Mercè , Canela-Garayoa Ramon
Published: January 2021

2,5-Di(hydroxymethyl)furan (DHMF) is a high-value chemical block than can be synthesized from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a platform chemical that results from the dehydration of biomass-derived carbohydrates. In this work, the HMF biotransformation capability of different Fusarium species was evaluated and F. striatum was selected to produce DHMF. The effects of the inoculum size, glucose concentration and pH of the media over DHMF production were evalu-ated by a 23 factorial design. A substrate feeding approach was found suitable to overcome the toxicity effect of HMF towards the cells when added at high concentrations (>75 mM). The pro-cess was successfully scaled-up at bioreactor scale (1.3 L) with excellent DHMF production yields (95%) and selectivities (98%). DHMF was purified from the reaction media with high recovery and purity by organic solvent extraction with ethyl acetate.
Ligand Size and Chain Length Study of Silver Carboxylates in Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition
Authors: Jurczyk Jakub , Madajska Katarzyna , Berger Luisa , Brockhuis Leo , Edwards Thomas Edward James , Höflich Katja , Kapusta Czesław , Szymanska Iwona , Utke Ivo
Published: January 2021

Focused electron beam induced deposition is a versatile tool for the direct fabrication of complex-shaped nanostructures with unprecedented shape fidelity and resolution. While the technique is well-established for various materials, the direct electron beam writing of silver is still in its infancy. Here, five different silver carboxylates, three fluorinated: [Ag2(µ-O2CCF3)2], [Ag2(µ-O2CC2F5)2], [Ag2(µ-O2CC3F7)2] and two containing hydrogen: [Ag2(µ-O2CCMe2Et)2] and [Ag2(µ-O2CtBu)2] were examined and compared as potential precursors for focused electron beam induced deposition. All of the compounds show high sensitivity to electron dissociation and efficient dissociation of Ag-O bonds. The as-deposited materials showed high silver content from 42 at.% to above 70at.% and silver nano-crystal formation with impurities of carbon and fluorine incorporated between metal grains. A correlation of the number of carbon atoms in the precursor ligands and silver content of the deposited structures was found. The highest silver contents were achieved for compounds with the shortest CF chains. The deposited silver content depends on the balance of electron induced ligand co-deposition and thermal ligand desorption. Low electron flux is advantageous for high silver content. Our findings demonstrate that silver carboxylates constitute a promising group of precursors for focused electron beam nanoprinting of high silver content materials.
Impact of a Family Economic Intervention (Bridges) on Health Functioning of Adolescents Orphaned by HIV/AIDS: A 5-Year (2012–2017) Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Uganda
Authors: Ssewamala Fred M. , Shu-Huah Wang Julia , Brathwaite Rachel , Sun Sicong , Mayo-Wilson Larissa Jennings , Neilands Torsten B. , Brooks-Gunn Jeanne
Published: January 2021

Objectives. To investigate the long-term impacts of a family economic intervention on physical, mental, and sexual health of adolescents orphaned by AIDS in Uganda.

Methods. Students in grades 5 and 6 from 48 primary schools in Uganda were randomly assigned at the school level (cluster randomization) to 1 of 3 conditions: (1) control (n = 487; 16 schools), (2) Bridges (1:1 savings match rate; n = 396; 16 schools), or (3) Bridges PLUS (2:1 savings match rate; n = 500; 16 schools).

Results. At 24 months, compared with participants in the control condition, Bridges and Bridges PLUS participants reported higher physical health scores, lower depressive symptoms, and higher self-concept and self-efficacy. During the same period, Bridges participants reported lower sexual risk-taking intentions compared with the other 2 study conditions. At 48 months, Bridges and Bridges PLUS participants reported better self-rated health, higher savings, and lower food insecurity. During the same period, Bridges PLUS participants reported reduced hopelessness, and greater self-concept and self-efficacy. At 24 and 48 months, Bridges PLUS participants reported higher savings than Bridges participants.

Conclusions. Economic interventions targeting families raising adolescents orphaned by AIDS can contribute to long-term positive health and overall well-being of these families.

Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT01447615.
The Theory of Practice and Action in Paul of Worczyn’s Thought
Authors: Płotka Magdalena
Published: January 2021

The article presents Paul’s of Worczyn theory of action. The article is divided into three parts: in the first one, Paul’s theory of action as a movement is presented. The second part concentrates on twofold division of action, practicaand praxis. The third part clarifies the problem of the principle of action. The article ends with a conclusion that Paul’s theoretical solutions within the theory of action are consistent with his anthropological stance accentuating the unity of the soul and its powers.
The Reception of Pseudo-Dionysius’s Negative Theology in Alan of Lille
Authors: Osorio José
Published: January 2021

The article investigates the reception of Pseudo-Dionysius’s negative theology in Alan of Lille’s philosophical and speculative theological works. In the first part, the paper discusses how Alan applied Pseudo-Dionysius’s negative theology to the problem of translatio and the limits of theological language. In the second part, the article sheds light on the problematic textual references and allusions in Alan’s appropriation and remarks about Pseudo-Dionysius. In the final section, the paper argues that despite Alan’s lack of access to the complete Corpus Aeropagiticum, his interpretation and adoption of negative theology is philosophically compelling.
Editing of PCNA Gene by CRISPR/Cas9 Technology to Improve the Red Chili Resistance to Yellow Leaf Curl Disease
Authors: Kurniawati Devi Ayu , Suharsono NFN , Santoso Tri Joko
Published: January 2021

Yellow leaf curl disease caused by Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PepYLCV), member of geminiviruses group, is responsible for heavy yield losses for chili pepper production. Resistant genes which can cause immunity to the disease have not been found in germplasm collection. The aim of the research was to edit proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology for developing plant resistance against geminivirus in chili pepper. A CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid cassette construct harboring the guide RNA of PCNA gene was constructed by Golden Gate cloning strategy. The construct was then introduced into chili genome via in planta method using Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105. The transformed plants were bioassayed by virus inoculation and confirmed using PCR and DNA sequencing to identify a mutagenesis event in PCNA gene target. The results showed that CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid cassette harboring gRNA of PCNA gene was successfully constructed. In planta transformation using A. tumefaciens vector harboring CRISPR/Cas9-gRNA PCNA construct resulted in 307 and 193 transformed plants from chili var. Lingga and Ciko, respectively. Bioassay by using virus inoculation to the transformed plants obtained 6 and 14 lines of Lingga and Ciko, respectively, which were resistant to geminivirus (no symptom observed). The resistant lines of chili pepper var. Lingga and Ciko were mutated in PCNA gene with one base insertion or deletion mutation types. These results exhibit that the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing can be used to induce mutant of PCNA gene in chili pepper. Further investigation is necessary to evaluate the selected chili lines resistant to PepYLCV infection.
Late Miocene to Quaternary Development of the Jiujing Basin, Southern Beishan Block, China: Implications for the Kinematics and Timing of Crustal Reactivation North of Tibet
Authors: Yang Haibo , Yang Xiaoping , Cunningham Dickson , Huang Xiongnan , Hu Zongkai , Yang Huili
Published: January 2021

We present results from a multidisciplinary investigation of the Jiujing fault (JJF) system and adjacent Jiujing Basin in the southern Beishan block, western China. Structural and geomorphological fieldwork involving fault and landform investigations, remote sensing analysis of satellite and drone imagery, analysis of drill-core data, paleoseismological trench studies, and Quaternary dating of alluvial sediments suggest the JJF is a late Pleistocene to Holocene oblique sinistral-slip normal fault. Satellite image analysis indicates that the JJF is a connecting structure between two regional E-W-trending Quaternary left-lateral fault systems. The Jiujing Basin is the largest and best developed of three parallel NE-striking transtensional basins within an evolving sinistral transtensional duplex. Sinistral transtension is compatible with the orientation of inherited basement strike belts, NE-directed SHmax, and the modern E-NE-directed geodetic velocity field. Cosmogenic 26Al/10Be burial dating of the deepest sediments in the Jiujing Basin indicates that the basin began to form at ~5.5 Ma. Our study reveals a previously unreported actively deforming domain of transtensional deformation 100 km north of Tibet in a sector of the Beishan previously considered tectonically quiescent. Recognition of latest Miocene-Recent crustal reactivation in the Jiujing region has important implications for earthquake hazards in the Beishan and western Hexi Corridor/North Tibetan foreland sectors of the Silk Road Economic Belt. Additionally, we compare the timing of latest Miocene-Recent crustal reactivation in the southern Beishan with the documented onset of reactivation in other deforming regions north of Tibet.
Average Fracture Compressibility from Flowback Data
Authors: Hossain Sabbir , Ezulike Obinna , Fu Yingkun , Dehghanpour Hassan
Published: January 2021

We propose a novel method for estimating average fracture compressibility cf¯ during flowback process and apply it to flowback data from 10 multifractured horizontal wells completed in Woodford (WF) and Meramec (MM) formations. We conduct complementary diagnostic flow-regime analyses and calculate cf¯ by combining a flowing-material-balance (FMB) equation with pressure-normalized-rate (PNR)-decline analysis.

Flowback data of these wells show up to 2 weeks of single-phase water production followed by hydrocarbon breakthrough. Plots of water-rate-normalized pressure and its derivative show pronounced unit slopes, suggesting boundary-dominated flow (BDF) of water in fractures during single-phase flow. Water PNR decline curves follow a harmonic trend during single-phase- and multiphase-flow periods. Ultimate water production from the forecasted harmonic trend gives an estimate of initial fracture volume. The cf¯ estimates for these wells are verified by comparing them with the ones from the Aguilera (1999) type curves for natural fractures and experimental data. The results show that our cf¯ estimates (4 to 22×10−5 psi−1) are close to the lower limit of the values estimated by previous studies, which can be explained by the presence of proppants in hydraulic fractures.
Time and the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury define prognosis in the course of COVID-19
Authors: Murt Ahmet , Dincer Mevlut Tamer , Karaca Cebrail , Trabulus Sinan , Karaali Ridvan , Balkan Ilker Inanc , Seyahi Nurhan , Altiparmak Mehmet Riza
Published: January 2021

Aim Kidneys are among the affected organs in COVID-19 and there may be different etiologies resulting in acute kidney injury (AKI) in different stages of the disease. This study aimed to analyze AKI among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to the time and etiologies of AKI. Methods 1056 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 diagnosis in our institution were retrospectively evaluated and 383 of them met the inclusion criteria. Eighty-nine patients who developed AKI were involved in the final analysis. Patients were classified into three groups, those who had AKI on admission, those who developed AKI in the first week and those who developed AKI starting from 7th day. Initial lymphocyte counts, creatinine levels, electrolytes, acid-base status and changes in the inflammatory markers were compared between the groups. A comparison between patients who survived and who died was also performed.Results AKI had 24% mortality in COVID-19 patients who had eGFRs of over 60 ml/min/1,73 m2. Patients who developed AKI later had higher peak CRP and D-dimer levels with lower nadir lymphocyte counts (p=0,000, 0,004 and 0,003 respectively). Mortality of patients who had AKI on hospital admission (13%) was similar to the overall COVID-19 mortality for inpatients, however it was 44% for those who developed AKI after 7th day. Early AKI was related to pre-renal causes and had a milder course. However, later AKIs were more related to immunologic response and had significantly higher mortality. Conclusions AKI in COVID-19 is not of one kind. When developed, AKI should be evaluated in conjunction with the disease stage and possible etiologies. AKI that develops later has a worse prognosis.
Trends in Incidence and Histological Pattern of Thyroid Cancer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1996-2015): A Population-Based Study
Authors: Pham Dung , Nguyen Hien , Phung An , Bui Tung , Tran Thach , Tran Bich , Ho-Pham Lan , Nguyen Tuan
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe burden and trend of thyroid cancer in Vietnam have not been well documented. This study aimed to investigate the trends in incidence and histological pattern of thyroid cancer in Ho Chi Minh City from 1996 to 2015.MethodsA population-based study retrieved data from the Ho Chi Minh City Cancer Registry during 1996-2015. Trends in the incidence of thyroid cancer were investigated based on age, gender, and histology for each 5-year period. Annual percentage change (APC) in incidence rates was estimated using Joinpoint regression analysis.ResultsIn the study period, there were 5 953 thyroid cancer cases (men-to-women ratio 1:4.5) newly diagnosed in Ho Chi Minh City with the mean age of 42.9 years (±14.9 years). The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer increased from 2.4 per 100 000 during 1996-2000 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.2-2.6) to 7.5 per 100 000 during 2011-2015 (95% CI: 7.3-7.9), corresponded to an overall APC of 8.7 (95% CI 7.6-9.9). The APC in men and women was 6.2 (95% CI: 4.2-8.2) and 9.2 (95% CI: 8.0-10.4), respectively. The incidence rate in the <45 years age group was the highest diagnosed overall and increased significantly in both men (APC 11.0) and women (APC 10.1). Both genders shared similar distribution of subtype incidences, with papillary thyroid cancer constituted the most diagnosed (73.3% in men and 85.2% in women). The papillary thyroid cancer observed a markedly increase overall (APC of 10.7 (95% CI 9.3-12.0)).ConclusionsThere were appreciable increases in the age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer in both genders, mainly contributed by the papillary subtype. The age of patients at diagnosis decreased gradually. The widespread utilization of advanced diagnostic techniques and healthcare accessibility improvement might play a potential role in these trends. Further investigations are needed to comprehend the risk factors and trends fully.
A Novel Bedside HIPEC as Adjuvant Therapy for Stage III Gastric Cancer Patients after D2 Radical Gastrectomy
Authors: Liu Lili , Sun Li , Zhang Ning , Liao Cheng-gong , Su Haichuan , Min Jie , Song Yang , Yang Xue , Huang Xiaofeng , Chen Dongxu , Chen Yu , Zhang Hong-wei , Zhang Helong
Published: January 2021

Background To investigate the efficacy and safety of a novel bedside prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer after radical D2 gastrectomy.Methods Total 114 patients with stage III gastric cancer were randomly assigned to bedside HIPEC or control treatment groups two weeks after radical D2 gastrectomy. HIPEC group was treated with cisplatin (60 mg/m2) through HIPEC, which was given on day 1 and 3 (30 mg/m2 each time), plus oral administration of S-1 twice daily at 40–60 mg/time for 14 days. Control group was treated with cisplatin (60 mg/m2), which was administered intravenously once, plus oral administration of S-1 twice daily, 40–60 mg/time, for 14 days. Patients in either group were given 6–8 cycles of the therapy.Results Median of disease-free survival (DFS) was 21.0 months in the HIPEC group, which was significantly longer than that in the control group (14.0 months, P = 0.039). The rate of 2-year DFS in the HIPEC group was higher than that in the control group although it was not statistically significant (47.3% vs 29.4%). In contrast, incidence of peritoneal metastasis was lower in the HIPEC (6/57, 10.5%) in comparison to that in the control group (12/57, 21.1%, P = 0.198). Patients in both groups completed an average of 5.9 cycles of the therapy with no significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects (except thrombocytopenia).Conclusion HIPEC with cisplatin plus oral S-1 is a safe and effective adjuvant therapy for the patients with advanced gastric cancer following radical D2 gastrectomy.
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and nutrition: results from an online survey on patients’ practices and perceptions
Authors: Pham Thao , Sokol Harry , Haliqua Bruno , Pourcel Graziella , Brun Manuel , Pain Emilie , Testa Damien
Published: January 2021

Background The central role of microbiota and the contribution of diet in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) are increasingly examined. However, patients’ perspectives on nutrition and its impact on their disease has not received a lot of attention. We aimed to directly collect information from patients with IMID about their dietary behaviors and their perceptions of the influence of nutrition on their disease.Methods Adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis or psoriasis registered in an online patient community were invited to participate in the study and complete an online self-administered questionnaire. We assessed patients’ dietary knowledge and choices by collecting information on the diet regimens they were following or recommended and their perceptions of the diet and its consequences on their disease.Results Fifty patients per target disease were included with a mean age of 48.1 years (95%CI 46.7–49.6). Other sociodemographic and clinical characteristics varied across the diseases. Since diagnosis, 44% of the patients changed their eating habits, mainly patients with inflammatory bowel disease with 69% of these making the change on their own initiative. Patients who did not change their diet habits reported not having received nutritional advice from their healthcare professionals (HCP) in 69% of the cases. The perceived impact of nutrition on their symptoms was mixed (overall 74% of the patients reported positive consequences and 60% negative ones) and varied across the diseases. Patients with psoriasis only experienced positive consequences from changing their diet, such as reduction of stress and improved mental health, while patients with Crohn’s disease reported more negative effects such as increased fatigue and disturbed sleep. Patients with rheumatic diseases and ulcerative colitis reported weight loss and better physical fitness, but also increased fatigue.Conclusions Even if differences exist across diseases, the importance of nutrition and its potential positive role in symptom management is acknowledged by the majority of the patients. However, there is a need and a demand from patients to receive more dietary advice. Developing therapeutic education tools on nutrition for people with IMID and involving patients’ organizations would provide useful information and encourage communication between HCP and patients.