bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peanut Weed Control With and Without Acetolactate Synthase-inhibiting Herbicides1
Authors: Wehtje G. , Brecke B.
Published: June 2010

Field studies were conducted in Florida and Alabama during 2001 and 2002 to compare weed control systems for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) that included only the herbicides registered on peanut that do not inhibit aceto hydroxyl acid synthase (AHAS). Three non-AHAS systems were identified that consistently preformed equivalent to imazapic, i.e., an AHAS-inhibiting herbicide that is very effective in peanut. These systems were either S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin, S-metolachlor plus S-dimethenamid, or S-metolachor plus norflurazon applied preemergence (PRE), followed by paraquat plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB applied postemergence. Greenhouse studies established that tank mixtures of S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin and S-metolachor plus norflurazon applied PRE were synergistic with respect to yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) control. This synergism may contribute to the excellent performance of these S-metolachlor-containing tank mixtures in the field. Identification of systems which utilize herbicides with modes of action other than AHAS inhibition could offer rotational alternatives to delay the emergence of AHAS-resistant weed biotypes, or alternatives should such biotypes become problematic.
Response of New Cultivars to Early Postemergence Chlorimuron Applications1
Authors: Wehtje G. , Grey T. L.
Published: June 2010

Field studies were conducted in Alabama and Georgia in 2002 and 2003 to determine whether the peanut cultivar that replaced the cultivar Florunner can tolerate earlier applications of the herbicide chlorimuron than what is registered. The application timing restriction of chlorimuron on peanut had been established in the late 1980s with Florunner. In a factorial treatment arrangement, the cultivars AT201, Georgia Green, Viragard, C99R, and Florunner were treated with chlorimuron at 8.75 g ai/ha at 5, 7, 9, or 11 wk after planting. Only the later two application timings are covered by the current registration. Across all 4 yr-location replications, yield was influenced by the main effect of peanut cultivar. C99R was consistently the highest yielding cultivar. Chlorimuron had no effect on yield, regardless of application timing when compared to the nontreated entries in three of the four repetitions (i.e. Plains 2002, Plains 2003, and Headland 2002). Cultivar-based chlorimuron tolerance differences were detected only at Headland in 2003. For this location, chlorimuron applied at 5 wk after planting reduced yield across all cultivars, while application at 7, 9, and 11 WAP had no effect on yield. Results indicate that chlorimuron possesses a yield-reducing risk only when the crop has been stressed by other factors. Assuming that the crop has been stressed, the potential of yield reduction can be avoided only by observing the currently registered application timing. No clear indication was obtained that one cultivar was more tolerant to chlorimuron than another cultivar.
Evaluation of Post-harvest Aflatoxin Production in Peanut Germplasm with Resistance to Seed Colonization and Pre-harvest Aflatoxin Contamination
Authors: Xue H. Q. , Isleib T. G. , Payne G. A. , OBrian G.
Published: June 2010

Contamination of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with aflatoxin produced by species of Aspergillus remains a problem for the U.S. peanut industry. Several peanut genotypes were reported to be resistant to in vitro seed colonization by Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fries (IVSCAF), to field seed colonization by A. flavus (FSCAF), or to preharvest aflatoxin contamination (PAC), but few to production of aflatoxin per se. Cotyledons of 39 peanut genotypes reportedly resistant to IVSCAF, FSCAF, or PAC, and eight susceptible to PAC were evaluated in four tests for their ability to support aflatoxin production after inoculation with A. flavus. Cultivars Perry and Gregory were used as checks in each test. Seed cotyledons were separated, manually blanched, inoculated with conidia of A. flavus, placed on moistened filter paper in petri dishes, and incubated for 8 d at 28 C. Dishes were arranged on plastic trays enclosed in plastic bags and stacked with PVC spacers between trays. Incomplete block designs were used for all tests. In each test, none of the genotypes examined was completely resistant to aflatoxin production, but significant genotypic variation was observed in the amount of total aflatoxin accumulated in seeds. Genotypes previously reported to be resistant to IVSCAF, FSCAF, or PAC exhibited differential abilities to support aflatoxin production. PI 590325, PI 590299, PI 290626, and PI 337409 supported reduced levels of aflatoxin, and their degree of resistance was consistent across tests. Fungal growth was highly correlated with aflatoxin production in three tests. The results from this study suggested that there were no absolute relationships of aflatoxin production resistance with IVSCAF, FSCAF, or PAC resistance, but that it should be possible to identify a genotype with high IVSCAF, FSCAF, or PAC resistance and reduced capacity for aflatoxin production by A. flavus.
Trigeminal neuralgia resulting from auditory brainstem implant cable compression
Authors: Schwartz Marc S. , Brackmann Derald E. , Wilkinson Eric P. , Go John L. , Santos Felipe
Published: June 2010

The authors report a case of neurofibromatosis Type 2 presenting with symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia refractory to medical management following placement of an auditory brainstem implant (ABI). Physical examination and history revealed trigeminal neuralgia. A 3D FIESTA (fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition) MR imaging study demonstrated compression of the trigeminal nerve by an ABI cable. After maximal medical therapy, a retrosigmoid microscopic decompression of the trigeminal nerve achieved complete symptom resolution. This is the first report of an ABI cable becoming displaced, resulting in neurovascular compression. This case demonstrates that trigeminal neuralgia can result from nonvascular compression of the trigeminal nerve.
Provincial Globalization: The Local Struggle of Place-Making
Authors: Andersson Magnus
Published: June 2010

This paper focuses on the global presence in the local processes of place-making in a rural area in Sweden. As a result of increased competition – fueled by a reorganization of global capitalism – between places, symbolic strategies (i.e. place marketing and place branding) have become a central dimension of both urban and rural governance. As a consequent, places – while still being sites for the residents’ day-to-day life – are being turned into commodities in the market of potential investors and tourists to a great extent. Subsequently, this paper deals with how this global agenda affects a rural municipality in the Swedish countryside suffering from depopulation. The paper confirms earlier statements (Woods 2007) that globalization processes should not be considered as external forces reshaping and homogenizing rural villages; rather, globalization processes are locally negotiated. This, however, does not mean globalization has no impact on rural places. In these negotiation processes global and local virtues are intertwined but not evenly. In some municipal strategies, the impact of global discourses is more explicit, for example, policy-makers accept and incorporate strategies of place branding and policy networks while they neglect other aspects of a relatively standardized “place marketing tool kit”. Furthermore, the study shows that rural residents, also, consider the village and its global future carefully but differently from the policy-makers. The residents dislike expressions of urbanity and advocate a general small-scaleness as a strategy for the future.
Reading Rural Consumption Practices for Difference: Bolt-holes, Castles and Life-rafts
Authors: Halfacree Keith
Published: June 2010

Based mostly on evidence from the UK, this paper challenges the rural’s usual association with predominantly conservative politics and practices. It advocates showing awareness of ambiguity in how representations, and specifically in this paper rural representations, and their numerous associated consumption practices are interpreted. A focus is given on the possibility of interpreting these practiced rural representations in the context of responses to the negative features within everyday life identified by writers such as Lefebvre. Drawing specifically on the “postmodern Marxism” of Gibson-Graham (2006), and particularly beginning to deploy what they term “reading for difference rather than dominance”, the paper introduces three “styles” of consuming the rural. These are expressed via the metaphors of bolt-hole, castle and life-raft, and it is argued that they can be read as expressing critique of urban everyday life. In the concluding section, the lessons learned from reading rural consumption practices for difference in this way are brought together to suggest that not only can the rural today be regarded as an active “heterotopia” but that this alternative status could be used to underpin an urban-focused social movement for reclamation of what Lefebvre termed “every-day life”.
Imagining Rural Audiences in Remote Western Australia
Authors: Green Lelia
Published: June 2010

In 1979, Australia’s then-Communication Minister Tony Staley commented that the introduction of satellite communications to the bush would “dispel the distance – mental as well as geographical – between urban and regional dwellers, between the haves and the have-nots in a communication society” (Staley 1979: 2225, 2228-9). In saying this, Staley imagined a marginalised and disadvantaged audience of “have-nots”, paying for their isolation in terms of their mental distance from the networked communications of the core.

This paper uses ethnographic audience studies surveys and interviews (1986-9) to examine the validity of Staley’s imaginations in terms of four communication technologies: the telephone, broadcast radio, 2-way radio and the satellite. The notion of a mental difference is highly problematic for the remote audience. Inso-far as a perception of lack and of difference is accepted, it is taken to reflect the perspective and the product of the urban policy-maker.

Far from accepting the “distance” promulgated from the core, remote audiences see such statements as indicating an ignorance of the complexity and sophistication of communications in an environment where the stakes are higher and the options fewer. This is not to say that remote people were not keen to acquire satellite services – they were – it is to say that when they imagined such services it was in terms of equity and interconnections, rather than the “dispelling of distance”.
Outcomes of 28+1 to 32+0 Weeks Gestation Babies in the State of Qatar: Finding Facility-Based Cost Effective Options for Improving the Survival of Preterm Neonates in Low Income Countries
Authors: Parappil Hussain , Rahman Sajjad , Salama Husam , Al Rifai Hilal , Parambil Najeeb Kesavath , El Ansari Walid
Published: June 2010

In this retrospective study we did a comparative analysis of the outcome of 28+1 to 32+0 weeks gestation babies between the State of Qatar and some high income countries with an objective of providing an evidence base for improving the survival of preterm neonates in low income countries. Data covering a five year period (2002–2006) was ascertained on a pre-designed Performa. A comparative analysis with the most recent data from VON, NICHD, UK, France and Europe was undertaken. Qatar’s 28+1 to 32+0 weeks Prematurity Rate (9.23 per 1,000 births) was less than the UK’s (p < 0.0001). Of the 597 babies born at 28+1 to 32+0 weeks of gestation, 37.5% did not require any respiratory support, while 31.1% required only CPAP therapy. 80.12% of the MV and 96.28% of CPAP therapy was required for
Advances Towards Synthetic Machines at the Molecular and Nanoscale Level
Authors: Konstas Kristina , Langford Steven J. , Latter Melissa J.
Published: June 2010

The fabrication of increasingly smaller machines to the nanometer scale can be achieved by either a “top-down” or “bottom-up” approach. While the former is reaching its limits of resolution, the latter is showing promise for the assembly of molecular components, in a comparable approach to natural systems, to produce functioning ensembles in a controlled and predetermined manner. In this review we focus on recent progress in molecular systems that act as molecular machine prototypes such as switches, motors, vehicles and logic operators.
Synthesis of Bosutinib from 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic Acid
Authors: Yin Xiao Jia , Xu Guan Hong , Sun Xu , Peng Yan , Ji Xing , Jiang Ke , Li Fei
Published: June 2010

This paper reports a novel synthesis of bosutinib starting from 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid. The process starts with esterification of the starting material, followed by alkylation, nitration, reduction, cyclization, chlorination and two successive amination reactions. The intermediates and target molecule were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS and the purities of all the compounds were determined by HPLC.
Design of Novel 4-Hydroxy-chromene-2-one Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Mladenović Milan , Vuković Nenad , Sukdolak Slobodan , Solujić Slavica
Published: June 2010

This paper presents the design of novel 4-hydroxy-chromene-2 one derivatives, based on previously obtained minimal inhibitory concentration values (MICs), against twenty four microorganism cultures, Gram positive and negative bacteria and fungi. Two of our compounds, 3b (MIC range 130–500 μg/mL) and 9c (31.25–62.5 μg/mL), presented high potential antimicrobial activity. The compound 9c had equal activity to the standard ketoconazole (31.25 μg/mL) against M. mucedo. Enlarged resistance of S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans on the effect of potential drugs and known toxicity of coumarin antibiotics, motivated us to establish SAR and QSAR models of activity against these cultures and correlate biological activity, molecular descriptors and partial charges of functional groups to explain activity and use for the design of new compounds. The QSAR study presents essential relation of antimicrobial activity and dominant substituents, 4-hydroxy, 3-acetyl and thiazole functional groups, also confirmed through molecular docking. The result was ten new designed compounds with much improved predicted inhibition constants and average biological activity.
A Review of Topical Diclofenac Use in Musculoskeletal Disease
Authors: Nair Bindu , Taylor-Gjevre Regina
Published: June 2010

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed medications for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis in humans and its prevalence rises with age. Oral NSAIDs have potential associated toxicities that must be monitored for and can limit the use of these drugs in certain populations including people of older age. Topical NSAIDs are now being recognized as an option for the treatment strategy of osteoarthritis. We review the efficacy and safety of one of the most common topical NSAIDS, topical diclofenac, for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Minimum Phi-Divergence Estimators and Phi-Divergence Test Statistics in Contingency Tables with Symmetry Structure: An Overview
Authors: Pardo Leandro , Martín Nirian
Published: June 2010

In the last years minimum phi-divergence estimators (MϕE) and phi-divergence test statistics (ϕTS) have been introduced as a very good alternative to classical likelihood ratio test and maximum likelihood estimator for different statistical problems. The main purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the main results presented until now in contingency tables with symmetry structure on the basis of (MϕE) and (ϕTS).
Ochratoxin A: In Utero Exposure in Mice Induces Adducts in Testicular DNA
Authors: Jennings-Gee Jamie E. , Tozlovanu Mariana , Manderville Richard , Miller Mark Steven , Pfohl-Leszkowicz Annie , Schwartz Gary G.
Published: June 2010

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxin and carcinogen that is associated with Balkan endemic nephropathy and urinary tract tumors. OTA crosses the placenta and causes adducts in the liver and kidney DNA of newborns. Because the testis and kidney develop from the same embryonic tissue, we reasoned that OTA also may cause adducts transplacentally in the testis. We tested the hypothesis that acute exposure to OTA, via food and via exposure in utero, causes adducts in testicular DNA and that these lesions are identical to those that can be produced in the kidney and testis by the consumption of OTA. Adult mice received a single dose of OTA (from 0–1,056 µg/kg) by gavage. Pregnant mice received a single i.p. injection of OTA (2.5 mg/kg) at gestation day 17. DNA adducts were determined by 32P-postlabeling. Gavage-fed animals sacrificed after 48 hours accumulated OTA in kidney and testis and showed DNA adducts in kidney and testis. Some OTA metabolites isolated from the tissues were similar in both organs (kidney and testis). The litters of mice exposed prenatally to OTA showed no signs of overt toxicity. However, newborn and 1-month old males had DNA adducts in kidney and testis that were chromatographically similar to DNA adducts observed in the kidney and testis of gavage-fed adults. One adduct was identified previously as C8-dG-OTA adduct by LC MS/MS. No adducts were observed in males from dams not exposed to OTA. Our findings that in utero exposure to OTA causes adducts in the testicular DNA of male offspring support a possible role for OTA in testicular cancer.
E-Learning in der Nuklearmedizin
Authors: Nattland A. , Jonas G. , Beyer T. , Bockisch A. , Freudenberg L. S.
Published: June 2010

Aim: To assess available e-learning concepts and programmes for nuclear medicine at university hospitals in Germany. Methods: All (34) departments of nuclear medicine at German university hospitals were asked to participate in an anonymized online survey. Questions were categorized into four topics: 1.) clinic and education; 2.) on-site strategies for e-learning; 3.) available e-learning offers and 4.) free text comments on experiences and expectations. All input was reviewed descriptively; free text was analyzed analytically. Results: The response rate was 56% (19/34). 13/19 responses indicated well-defined e-learning strategies, mainly to support frontal teaching courses. Future e-learning perspectives focus on clinical case studies with sufficient imaging materials. Only 7/19 university hospitals operate a centralized e-learning platform (e. g. Moodle). The acceptance of the available e-learning options by the students is considered relatively poor. Conclusions: Today e-learning concepts for nuclear medicine are available at selected university hospitals only. All responders wish to expand on e-learning but many report the lack of administrative support to do so. These data could be regarded as a basis for discussions of inter-university teaching scenarios.
The hydrostatic gradient, not light availability, drives height‐related variation in Sequoia sempervirens (Cupressaceae) leaf anatomy
Authors: Oldham Alana R. , Sillett Stephen C. , Tomescu Alexandru M. F. , Koch George W.
Published: June 2010

• Premise of the study: Leaves at the tops of most trees are smaller, thicker, and in many other ways different from leaves on the lowermost branches. This height‐related variation in leaf structure has been explained as acclimation to differing light environments and, alternatively, as a consequence of hydrostatic, gravitational constraints on turgor pressure that reduce leaf expansion.

• Methods: To separate hydrostatic effects from those of light availability, we used anatomical analysis of height‐paired samples from the inner and outer tree crowns of tall redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens).

• Key results: Height above the ground correlates much more strongly with leaf anatomy than does light availability. Leaf length, width, and mesophyll porosity all decrease linearly with height and help explain increases in leaf‐mass‐to‐area ratio and decreases in both photosynthetic capacity and internal gas‐phase conductance with increasing height. Two functional traits—leaf thickness and transfusion tissue—also increase with height and may improve water‐stress tolerance. Transfusion tissue area increases enough that whole‐leaf vascular volume does not change significantly with height in most trees. Transfusion tracheids become deformed with height, suggesting they may collapse under water stress and act as a hydraulic buffer that improves leaf water status and reduces the likelihood of xylem dysfunction.

• Conclusions: That such variation in leaf structure may be caused more by gravity than by light calls into question use of the terms “sun” and “shade” to describe leaves at the tops and bottoms of tall tree crowns.
Managers’ Perspectives of New Graduates of Accelerated Nursing Programs: How Do They Compare With Other Graduates?
Authors: Oermann Marilyn H. , Poole-Dawkins Karen , Alvarez Mimi T. , Foster Beverly B. , O’Sullivan Rita
Published: June 2010

Nurse managers in focus groups reported that new graduates of all types of prelicensure programs were not prepared clinically for beginning practice. Graduates of accelerated programs had similar knowledge and skills as other new nurses but also brought work experience and maturity to the clinical setting, which fostered their transition to the nursing role. Nurse managers reported generational differences among graduates beyond their educational preparation and explained how those differences affected their learning of new technologies. Educational implications are discussed.
Deterrents to Nurses’ Participation in Continuing Professional Development: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Schweitzer Donna J. , Krassa Teresa J.
Published: June 2010

Background:

Continuing education (CE) helps nurses keep their practice safe and current. Although the literature provides information about motivating strategies, learning styles and settings, and reinforcement of the need to update skills, little research has focused on barriers to nurses’ CE program attendance. This literature review describes factors that deter nurses’ CE attendance.

Methods:

Ten research studies published between 1990 and 2008 addressing barriers to nurses’ CE participation were located.

Results:

The most frequent deterrents found were the cost of attending CE, inability to get time off from work to attend CE, and child care and home responsibilities.

Conclusion:

Leaders supporting CE must understand factors that motivate and prevent nurses from participating in CE. Implications from this study can assist educators to develop CE offerings to better meet staff needs and increase participation.
Online Learning to Improve Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Compliance Among Health Care Workers
Authors: Alemagno Sonia A. , Guten Sharon M. , Warthman Shawn , Young Elizabeth , Mackay David S.
Published: June 2010

Background:

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published a hand hygiene guideline for health care workers. The emergence of online learning approaches has introduced new opportunities for providing continuing education regarding hand hygiene.

Methods:

This study assessed the effectiveness of an online continuing education program in increasing health care workers’ knowledge of hand hygiene practices and guidelines and promoting behavioral change as measured by self-assessment of adherence to guidelines. A total of 256 health care workers at two hospitals completed all three sessions of the online continuing education program.

Results:

Health care workers reported a significant improvement in hand hygiene knowledge and self-assessed compliance with hand hygiene behaviors. Most (97%) of the participating health care workers reported that the program was effective in improving clinical compliance behaviors.

Conclusion:

The results of this study indicated that individual health care workers can and will use self-assessment to prompt improvement in hand hygiene.
Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders in the Geriatric Psychiatry Inpatient
Authors: Klimstra Sibel , Mahgoub Nahla
Published: June 2010

CME Educational Objectives

1.

Review the clinical manifestations of substance use disorders in the elderly.

2.

Discuss the management of inpatient substance use disorders in the elderly.

3.

Summarize the treatment recommendations for substance use disorders in the elderly.
Ongoing Home-based Psychiatric Treatment for the Home-bound Elderly and Physically Disabled
Authors: Isaac George
Published: June 2010

CME Educational Objectives

1.

Name the practical aspects of home-based psychiatric treatment for the home-bound patient population.

2.

Define the common problems encountered in home-based psychiatric treatment and the complexities involved in trying to solve these problems.

3.

Describe the advantages, for patient and practitioner, of home-based psychiatric treatment.
A Woman with Bizarre Behavior
Authors: Laty Mark
Published: June 2010

CME Educational Objectives

1.

Review the side effects of long-term use of lithium.

2.

Summarize the effects of when a patient is prescribed lithium for a long period of time, stops using it, and then resumes its use.

3.

Discuss considerations of long-term outcomes of lithium.
Successful Treatment of Subretinal Neovascularization With Intravitreal Ranibizumab in a Child With Optic Nerve Head Drusen
Authors: Gregory-Evans Kevin , Rai Poornima , Patterson Julian
Published: June 2010

An 11-year-old boy presented with visual acuity reduced to 20/100 in his left eye. Investigations revealed optic disc drusen associated with a minimally classic choroidal neovascular membrane. The patient underwent a 3-month course of intravitreal ranibizumab. Six months of follow-up revealed remarkable visual acuity improvement to 20/20 and complete resolution of exudative maculopathy.
Best's Disease in a 20-Month-Old Child
Authors: Kovach Jaclyn L. , Schwartz Stephen G. , Hickey Marcela , McKeown Craig A.
Published: June 2010

Best's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by bilateral vitelliform macular lesions that progress through several stages throughout life. The authors describe a 20-month-old child with hereditary Best's disease inherited from his father. To their knowledge, this is the youngest child to be diagnosed as having Best's disease using photographic documentation.
Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Associated With Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Neuromyelitis Optica Immunoglobulin
Authors: Wei Wenxin , Zerfoss Erica , Ashker Lamees , Cantore William A.
Published: June 2010

The authors report a case of a 16-year-old girl with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus who developed bilateral acute optic neuritis. Systemic lupus erythematosus can present with a vast array of neurological and ophthalmic complications, with optic neuritis being a rare but devastating manifestation and the major cause of blindness in these patients. The patient presented with an acute unilateral visual deficit that progressed to bilateral visual loss with no light perception over the course of days. Treatment included high-dose steroids, cyclophosphamide, intravenous immunoglobulin, and eventually rituximab. Furthermore, the patient was also seropositive for both antiphospholipid and neuromyelitis optica antibodies, which can have implications on prognosis and treatment options.
The Emergence of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Guatemala
Authors: Sanchez M. E. , Andrews B. J. , Karr D. , Lansingh V. , Winthrop Kevin L.
Published: June 2010

Retinopathy of prematurity is an emerging cause of blindness in Latin America. In 2007, the authors examined 88 consecutive infants in Guatemala City, Guatemala, who met the screening criteria for retinopathy of prematurity; 14 (16%) had either “plus” or stage V disease. The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in Guatemala City is likely high, and a formal screening program is warranted.
Orbital Fibrosis and Intraocular Recurrence of Retinoblastoma Following Periocular Carboplatin
Authors: Kim Jonathan W. , Yau Joanne Wen Yee , Moshfeghi Darius , Fishman Martin
Published: June 2010

A 5-month-old infant with bilateral advanced retinoblastoma underwent six cycles of systemic chemotherapy. In an attempt to salvage the second eye, three serial injections of periocular carboplatin were given for persistent vitreous seeding. Following the third injection, the patient developed periocular ecchymosis and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated abnormal signal characteristics at the site of injection. An orbital biopsy did not demonstrate extraocular tumor extension, but histopathologic examination revealed severe orbital fibrosis and fat necrosis. Following the biopsy, the patient developed an intraocular tumor recurrence at the same location where the carboplatin injections had been given and enucleation was performed to prevent tumor spread. In this case, a child developed orbital scarring and intraocular tumor recurrence at the site of injection following treatment with periocular carboplatin.
Bilateral Duane Retraction Syndrome With Optic Nerve Hypoplasia
Authors: Kumar Anand , Shetty Shashikant , Vijayalakshmi P.
Published: June 2010

The authors report a unique case of a child with the infrequent association of bilateral Duane retraction syndrome with underdevelopment of the anterior visual pathway. Both conditions were caused presumably due to a common disturbance of neuronal development during the second month of embryogenesis.
Variabilidad longitudinal de la escorrentía y la erosión en una ladera quemada
Authors: Soler M. , Sala M.
Published: June 2010

El objetivo de este estudio es observar las variaciones longitudinales de escorrentía y sedimento en una ladera quemada. La instrumentación utilizada se ha basado en los canales gerlach. La variación de precipitación así como algunos elementos del relieve, que pueden influir tanto en la escorrentía como en la erosión, también han sido estudiados.
No hay una relación directa entre la longitud del área de captación y el agua y el sedimento recogido en las trampas. No obstante, esta relación es positiva en los cuatro primeros metros de la ladera.
Les opilions dans les écosystèmes montagnards pyrénéens. I Les opilions de la haute vallée d'Ossau (Pyrénées-Atlantiques; France)
Authors: D'Amico F. , Besson J. P.
Published: June 2010

[fr] Une étude menée sur les Opilions (Arachnida) en haute-vallée d'Ossau (Pyrénées-Atlantiques; France) entre 1987 et 1989 a permis de souligner la richesse et la diversité de ce groupe dans les écosystèmes montagnards: dix-huit espèces ont été inventoriées. Nous présentons ici les principaux aspects de leur phénologie, de leur distribution altitudinale et de leur écologie.

[es] Un estudio sobre los Opiliones (Arachnida) en el Alto Valle de Ossau (Pirineos Atlánticos, Francia) entre 1987 y 1989 ha permitido señalarla riqueza y diversidad de este grupo en los ecosistemas de montaña: dieciocho especies se han inventariado. Presentamos aquí los principales aspectos de su fenología, distribución altitudinal y ecología.
Interception, throughfall and stemflow in two forests of the "Sierra de la Demanda" in the Province of Burgos
Authors: Tarazona T. , Santa Regina I. , Calvo R.
Published: June 2010

[es] El balance de agua en dos ecosistemas forestales de la "Sierra de la Demanda", un hayedo climácico (Fagus sylvatica L.) y un pinar de reforestación (Pinus sylvestris L.) en área de potencialidad hayedo, ha sido determinado. La precipitación que alcanza el suelo representa el 61,7% por pluviolavado en el hayedo y el 52,1% en el pinar, el 6,5% y 0,4% por escurrimiento fustal, y el 31 7% y 42,5% por intercepción en hayedo y pinar respectivamente. Estos valores fluctúan mensualmente dependiendo de las características de la lluvia incidente.
[fr] Le bilan de l'eau dans deux écosystèmes forestiers de la "Sierra de la Demanda", une hetraie climacique (Fagus sylvatica L.) et une plantation de pin blanc (Pinus sylvestris L.) dans une zone de potentialité hetraie a été determiné. La précipitation qu'arrive au sol représente le 61,7 % par l'égouttement dans l'hetraie, et le 52,1 % dans une pinède; le 6,5%o et 0,4% par écolulement et le 31,7% et 42,5% par interceptation dans lahetraie et la pinède respectivement. Ces valeurs fluctuent mensuelment en dépendant des caractéristiques de la pluie incidente.
Resultados preliminares obtenidos a partir de una trampa Malaise situada en una zona mediterránea pirenaica
Authors: Pujade Villar J.
Published: June 2010

[es] En este estudio se da cuenta de los distintos órdenes de artrópodos capturados mediante una trampa Malaise en Santa Coloma (Andorra) después de un año de muestreo. Han sido colectados 141.522 ejemplares pertenecientes a 20 órdenes distintos. El 99,5% corresponden a insectos, entre los cuales los dípteros (con el 74,1%), juntamente con los himenópteros (15,2%) y los homópteros (5,8%) constituyen más del 95% de las capturas realizadas. Se discute la fenología anual de los distintos grupos en el área de estudio y su relación con las circunstancias meteorológicas del año 1993. En general, las mayores abundancias de los principales grupos se registran entre la segunda mitad de la primavera y la primera mitad del verano debido a las condiciones xerotérmicas de dicha localidad.
[fr] On montre les premiers résultats obtenus après avoir mis une piège Malaise pendant une année à Santa Coloma (Andorra). Nous avons collecté un total de 141.522 exemplaires qui appartiennent à 20 ordres différents d'arthropodes. Le 99,5% des captures sont des insectes, les diptères (avec le 74,1%), en même temps que les hyménoptères (avec le 15,2%) et les homoptères (5,8%) représentent plus du 95% des captures. On parle de la phénologie annuel des différents groupes capturés et de leur relation avec les conditions météorologiques de 1993. En général, les plus grandes abondances des principaux groupes ont été enregistrées pendant la seconde moitié du printemps jusqu'à la première moitié de l'été, dû aies conditions xérothermiques de cette localité.
Relaciones suelo-planta-herbívoro en un sistema pastoral de montaña
Authors: Alonso I. , García-Olalla C.
Published: June 2010

[es] Se analizaron las características edáficas de seis comunidades de interés pastoral.en la montaña de León denominadas en función de la especie más representativa (Nardus stricta, Bromus erectus, Genista florida. Erica australis, Genista occidentalis, Calluna vulgaris), así como las concentraciones minerales de Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, N, Ky Na en suelos y pastos por su influencia sobre las características nutritivas de la dieta de los herbívoros. Según los resultados obtenidos, los suelos presentaron en general unas buenas condiciones para el desarrollo vegetal. No se apreció ninguna relación entre la concentración de minerales en suelos y plantas. Las cantidades de Ca y Cu presentes en la vegetación fueron insuficientes para el mantenimiento de los herbívoros domésticos al menos durante parte de su estancia en el puerto. Las concentraciones minerales en la vegetación sufrieron variaciones estacionales debido a procesos de madurez y cambios fisiológicos, en mayor o menor medida según el tipo de planta y el ambiente en que se encuentre.
[de] Die Bodeneigenschaften von sechs Pflanzengesellschaften mit Weidefahigkeit aus dem Bergen von León (Spanien) wurden untersucht, und die Analysergebnisse der Boden- und Pflanzen- konzentrationen von Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, N, K und Na prasentiert. Die Gesellschaften sindnach ihren dominanten Spezies benannt: Nardus stricta, Bromus erectus. Genista florida, Erica australis, Genista occidentalis und Calluna vulgaris. Wir konnten feststellen, daβ die Boden gute Bedingungen für das Pflanzenwachstum besitzen. Es bestand kein Zusammenhang zwischen der mineralischen Zusammensetzung der Boden und die der Pflanzen. Auβerdem wurde beobachtet, daβ die Mengen an Ca und Cu, die in der Vegetationszeit zur Verfügung stehen, nicht ausreichend sind um Pflanzenfresser zu versogen. Die mineralische Zusammensetzung in den Pflanzengesellschaften veranderte sich saisonbedingt auf Grund des Reifeprozesses und auf Grund physiologischer Ver cinder ungen. Diese veranderungen waren abhangig von den Pflanzenarten und deren MikroUmgebung.
Alteraciones por el fuego en la Cordillera de la Costa de Chile mediterráneo. Antecedentes en un parque nacional
Authors: Quintanilla Pérez Víctor
Published: June 2010

Se describe la cadena del Cerro de la Campana, cuyos recursos naturales han determinado la creación en la zona de un Parque Nacional. Los aspectos más interesantes de la zona se relacionan con la existencia en la misma de bosques subtropicales relictos, así como de bosquetes de palmeras en los que la familia palmáceas alcanza su límite extremo meridional. Por otra parte, la variedad ecológica del área es muy elevada, al igual que su riqueza específica, puesto que alberga 7tiuverosas especies de vertebrados, invertebrados y plantas. Muchas especies encuentran aquí su límite meridional absoluto. Sin embargo la zona se encuentra amenazada por la presión humana, especialmente en la forma de incendios forestales y tala masiva, a pesar de que muchas comunidades naturales parecen estar adaptadas a los incendios repetidos. En el trabajo se analizan las consecuencias de estas amenazas y se sugieren medidas encaminadas a la protección del paraje.
Evolution d'une unité agro-sylvo-pastorale de moyenne montagne sur les communes de Sost et d'Esbareich (Barousse-Hautes Pyrénées) de 1833 à 1933. Modalités-Causes-Conséquences
Authors: Mazars J.
Published: June 2010

[fr] L'étude de formations forestières montagnardes de la vallée de la Barousse (Pyrénées Centrales), au sein desquelles on été choisies plus particulièrement trois stations, a conduit à prendre en compte l'ensemble du territoire où elles se situent, ainsi que son utilisation par les communautés usagères. Unité essentielèment agro-pastorale au XIXème siècle (de 1833 à 1914), ce territoire alors très ouvert, s'est progressivement fermé au cours du XXème siècle (1942 à aujourd'hui) par reboisement naturel, à partir des haies, des lisières de bois..., selon diverses modalités, en relation avec l'exode rural lié à la déstructuration des collectivités rurales et la régression de l'agriculture montagnarde.
[es] El estudio de las formaciones forestales del piso montano en el Valle de Barousse (Pirineo central francés), más concretamente de tres estaciones, ha llevado a los autores a considerar el conjunto territorial donde se hallan situadas y sus usos por parte de las poblaciones locales. En el siglo XIX (1833-1914) se trataba de una unidad esencialmente agro-pastoral, muy abierta; en el curso del siglo XX (desde 1942 hasta hoy) se ha ido cerrando paulatinamente por repoblación espontánea a partir de setos, hordes de bosque, etc., siguiendo diversas modalidades, sobre todo en relación con el éxodo rural. Este último fue causado por la pérdida de la organización social de las poblaciones y por la regresión de la agricultura de montaña.
Caracterización y consecuencias de un deslizamiento en un área marginal del Pirineo oriental (Cava, Sierra del Cadí, Enero de 1997)
Authors: Molina David , Nadal Jordi , Soriano Joan Manuel
Published: June 2010

[es] Las precipitaciones acaecidas entre noviembre de 1996 y enero de 1997 dieron lugar a un deslizamiento de tierras en las inmediaciones del pueblo de Cava, situado en la cuenca del río Segre (Prepirineo Catalán). La litología y la estructura de los materiales movilizados, así como las prácticas de conservación agrícola y su posterior abandono, han sido fundamentales en el desencadenamiento de este proceso erosivo. El estudio del fenómeno ha puesto de relieve dos partes diferenciadas: un movimiento rotacional en un sector de la ladera y una colada de barro originada por los materiales acumulados en la cabecera del torrente por el cual discurrió posteriormente. El análisis de las causas espacio-temporales de estos procesos y su interrelación con otros parecidos, así como la incidencia en las actividades humanas, son un factor esencial para definir estrategias de planificación y prevención.
[fr] Les pluies ayant eu lieu entre novembre 1996 et janvier 1997 ont provoqué un glissement de terres aux alentours du village de Cava, situé dans le bassin de la rivière Segre (Prepyrenées de Catalogne). La lithologie et la structure des matériaux mobilisés, ainsi que les méthodes de conservation agricole et leur postérieur abandon, ont été fondamentaux pour le déclenchement de ce procès érosif. L'étude du phénomène a mis en relief deux parties différenciées: un mouvement rotationnel dans un secteur du versant et une coulée de boue originé par les matériaux accumulés dans la tête du ravin sur lequel elle s'est glissée plus tard. L'analyse des causes espacio-temporelles de ces processus et leur interrelation avec d'autres semblables, ainsi que leur incidence sur les activités humaines deviennent essentielles pour définir les stratégies de planification et prévention.
Adaptation of seedling growth to the altitude: a case of the Norway spruce from the polish Sudety mountains
Authors: Robakowski Piotr , Modrzynski Jerzy , Idris Mohammed
Published: June 2010

[fr] Les plantes de cinq populations de l'épicéa commun [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] provenant des différentes altitudes du massif de Snieznik Klodzki dans les Sudètes (une chaîne des montagnes en Pologne) ont été cultivées dans la serre. Leurs paramètres suivants ont été analysés: la hauteur, la longueur des racines, le poids frais et le poids sec des racines, des tiges, des aiguilles, des bourgeons et l'allocation de la biomasse. La haute corrélation a été notée entre les paramètres des plantes et l'altitude des stations des arbres ayant été les semenciers des graines. Ce résultat montre une plutôt bonne adaptation écologique de ces populations, probablement introduites dans le massif de Snieznik Klodzki. Les aspects écologiques et les conséquences de l'adaptation de l'épicéa commun aux conditions montagneuses pour la sylviculture sont discutés.
[es] Plántulas de cinco poblaciones de abeto rojo [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] procedentes de diferente altitud en el macizo de Snieznik Klodzki, en los Montes Sudetes, (Polonia) se cultivaron en invernadero. Se han analizado los parámetros siguientes: altura y longitud de las raíces, pesos fresco y seco de raíces, tallos, hojas y yemas, así como la distribución de la biomasa. Como resultado se obtuvo una correlación alta entre los parámetros de las plántidas y la altitud de las estaciones donde se colectaron las semillas. Esto indica una adaptación relativamente buena de esas poblaciones, probablemente introducidas. Finalmente se discuten algunos aspectos ecológicos y de silvicultura.
Alimentación de las ranas pardas, Rana gr. temporaria, en el circo de Piedrafita, (Pirineos, España)
Authors: Rodríguez Vieites D. , Nieto Román S. , Palanca Soler A.
Published: June 2010

Se ha estudiado la dieta de las ranas pardas en alta montaña pirenaica durante el periodo pre-invernal. Las ranas consumen principalmente coleópteros (44'9%), dípteros (12'9%) e himenópteros (11'4%). Para el conjunto de todas las ranas estudiadas, las presas más consumidas son las de pequeño tamaño (menores de 10 mm). Las ranas de mayor talla tienden a consumir presas más grandes y en poca cantidad, mientras que las ranas pequeñas consumen más presas aunque de pequeño tamaño. En cuanto a forma de vida las presas más consumidas son terrestres y aéreas, aunque también se ha comprobado la captura de presas acuáticas (11'5%) que son consumidas por las ranas dentro del agua.
Physico-chemical study of the ancient and recent accumulations of a braided system (Ara river. Central Pyrenees, Spain)
Authors: Rubio V. , Vigil R. , García R. , Cala V.
Published: June 2010

[es] El estudio físico-químico y mineralógico de los sedimentos del río Ara, en el Pirineo Central (España), permite reconocer la génesis y evolución de su cuenca. Los minerales de la fracción arena, los correspondientes a la fracción arcilla y los elementos minoritarios, delatan ciertos procesos y asociaciones que, junto con la identificación de terrazas fluviales, conos, glacis e incluso depósitos morrénicos, ayudan a explicar la historia geológica del Pirineo Central, principal objetivo de este trabajo. La aplicación al conjunto de datos de un análisis factorial multivariante mediante el programa BMDP-4M facilitó la interpretación de los resultados. Los minerales más resistentes se encuentran en las fracciones texturales más finas, mientras que los minerales más alterables se localizan en las más gruesas. Los conos y glacis constituidos por materiales del flysch, presentan una alteración de materiales carbonatados que se manifiesta por la formación de esmectita y sepiolita en la fracción arcilla como resultado de la transformación de feldespatos y anfíboles. También se observa la formación de óxidos de hierro y manganeso con distinto grado de cristalinidad asociados a cromo, plomo y níquel. Las morrenas constituidas principalmente por materiales silicatados conllevan la formación de Hita asociada a cobre y zinc. Por último, las terrazas fluviales tienen mezcla de los procesos de alteración anteriormente descritos.
[fr] L'étude physique, chimique et minéralogique des sédiments de la rivière Ara, dans les Pyrénées Centrales (Espagne) permet de reconnaître la genèse et l'évolution de son bassin. Les minéraux à la fraction sableuse, ceux qui correspondent à la fraction de l'argile et les éléments chimiques minoritaires, démontrent quelques procès et des associations en relation avec l'identification des terrasses fluviaux, des cônes, des glacis et des dépôts morainiques, aident à expliquer l'histoire géologique des Pyrénées Centrales, ce qui est le principal objectif de ce travail. L'application des données d'un analyse factoriel multivariant grâce au programme BMDP-4M facilite l'interprétation des résultats. Les minéraux le plus résistent se trouvent dans les fractions les plus fines, et les minéraux les plus altérables se situent aux plus lourdes. Les cônes et les glacis formés pour les matériaux du flysch, montraient une altération des carbonates qui finissent dans la formation de la smectite et de la sepiolite à la fraction argileuse comme un résultat de la transformation des feldspaths et des amphibols. Aussi on voit la formation des oxydes defer et de manganèse avec différent degré de cristallinité, associés au Cr, Pb et Ni. Les moraines formées par les matériaux silicates conduisent à la formation de l'illite avec le Cu et le Zn. Les terrasses fluviaux montrent une mélange des procès d'altération avant décrits.