bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Willingness of Micro Enterprises to Adopt E-Wallets
Authors: S. Carlos Marielle , M. Guiao Jasmin , Lagman JB G. , B. Pangilinan Elyca-wil , M. Torres Shawn Katleen , D. Akiate Yuri Walter
Published: April 2024

This research investigates the factors shaping the willingness of micro-enterprises to adopt e-wallets in their business operations, focusing on the City of San Fernando, Pampanga. Through a comprehensive survey involving 120 micro-enterprise owners, the study delves into key dimensions, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, and habit. The findings reveal a pervasive reluctance among micro-enterprises, with unfavorable responses in various domains, particularly in performance expectancy and habit. Notably, social influence emerges as a positive influencer, indicating the significance of peer recommendations. The study employs regression analysis to discern the impact of each factor on e-wallet adoption, highlighting habit as the most substantial deterrent. Recommendations for stakeholders, including e-wallet providers and policymakers, are proposed based on the research insights. The study contributes to the evolving landscape of digital payment adoption among micro- enterprises and provides actionable insights for stakeholders to enhance e-wallet usage in this sector.
Challenges Faced by Junior High School Students in the Study of Araling Panlipunan and its Impactto their Academic Performance: A Foundation for Intervention Initiatives
Authors: Joselito C. Baguioro Gregorio
Published: April 2024

Education is the foundation upon which people can build better lives, achieve their dreams and aspirations in life and contribute to society. The Philippine government has recognized the importance of education by enshrining the right to education. Thus, the Department of Education has implemented many integrated schools in far-flung areas so that students can have access to education and offer junior high school classes for Grades 7,8,9, and 10. The study explored the challenges faced by the junior high school students along with their study of Araling Panlipunan subject and how it can help impact their academic performance, a foundation for intervention initiatives. This study used the descriptive methodologyto obtain sysMtematic information from a phenomenon, situation, and population. One hundred (100) participants answered the survey questionnaire. Using the statistical treatment, the result revealed that the computed r was 0.69 having a moderate correlation between two variables, namely; the challenges faced by junior high school students in Araling Panlipunan and their academic performance. It was further tested using the z- test. It resulted to a computed value of 6.87 which is greater than the tabular value of 2.284 thereby rejecting the hypothesis. It was proven that there is a significant relationship between the two variables. With the study′s findings, an intervention plan was proposed to help the Junior High School Students overcome the challenges they faced in the study of Araling Panlipunan and attain their full potential. This will be the basis for the administrators and teachers in formulating intervention initiatives.
PARVOVİRAL ENTERİTLİ KÖPEKLERİN BİYOKİMYASAL PARAMETRELER AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Anıl Esengül , Gökgöz Murat
Published: April 2024

Canine parvovirüs (CPV) enfeksiyonu, 1967 yılında keşfedilmesinden itibaren özellikle genç köpeklerin etkilendiği viral kökenli hastalıklardan biridir. Virüsün hızlı bölünen hücrelere affinitesinin bulunması ve dirençli varyantlara dönüşebilme kabiliyetinden dolayı yüksek morbidite ve mortalite ile seyretmektedir. Canine parvovirüs enfeksiyonu ile literatürlerde hastalığın hematolojik bulguları, böbrek-karaciğer enzimleri, akut faz proteinleri, sitokinler, asit-baz bozuklukları, sıvı elektrolit düzeyleri, kan gazları, bağırsak bozukluğu bulguları, lipid profilleri, tiroksin ve kortizol bulguları, koagülasyon profilleri ve kalp biyobelirteçleri tasvir edilmiştir. Bu derleme makalesinin amacı parvovirüs ile enfekte olan köpeklerin biyokimyasal parametreler açısından incelenip, benzer ve farklı sonuçların, oluşan eksikliklerin ve biyokimyasal yönden yapılabileceklerin sentezi yapılarak, hastalığın tanısına, prognozuna ve tedavisine yardımcı olabilecek bilgilerinin derlenmesidir.
Multiwavelength Observations of Multiple Eruptions of the Recurrent Nova M31N 2008-12a
Authors: Basu Judhajeet , Pavana M. , Anupama G. C. , Barway Sudhanshu , Singh Kulinder Pal , Swain Vishwajeet , Srivastav Shubham , Kumar Harsh , Bhalerao Varun , Sonith L. S. , Selvakumar G.
Published: April 2024

We report the optical, UV, and soft X-ray observations of the 2017–2022 eruptions of the recurrent nova M31N 2008-12a. We find a cusp feature in the

r
′

- and

i
′

-band light curves close to the peak, which could be related to jets. The geometry of the nova ejecta based on morpho-kinematic modeling of the Hα emission line indicates an extended jet-like bipolar structure. Spectral modeling indicates an ejecta mass of 10−7–10−8
M
⊙ during each eruption and an enhanced helium abundance. The supersoft source phase shows significant variability, which is anticorrelated to the UV emission, indicating a common origin. The variability could be due to the reformation of the accretion disk. We infer a steady decrease in the accretion rate over the years based on the intereruption recurrence period. A comparison of the accretion rate with different models on the

M

WD

–

M

̇

plane yields the mass of a CO white dwarf, powering the H-shell flashes every ∼1 yr, to be >1.36 M
⊙ and growing with time, making M31N 2008-12a a strong candidate for the single degenerate scenario of the Type Ia supernovae progenitor.
Radio-only and Radio-to-far-ultraviolet Spectral Energy Distribution Modeling of 14 ULIRGs: Insights into the Global Properties of Infrared Bright Galaxies
Authors: Dey Subhrata , Goyal Arti , Małek Katarzyna , Díaz-Santos Tanio
Published: April 2024

We present detailed spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling of 14 local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) with outstanding photometric data from the literature covering the ultraviolet–infrared (FIR) and radio bands (∼50 MHz to ∼30 GHz). We employ the CIGALE SED fitting code to model the ultraviolet–FIR–radio SED. For the radio-only SED modeling, we use the UltraNest package, leveraging its nested sampling algorithm. Combining the results from our previous study on 11 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), we discuss the global astrophysical properties of a sample of 25 starburst galaxies (z < 0.5). Their radio spectra are frequently characterized by bends and turnovers, with no indication of ULIRGs exhibiting more complicated SEDs than LIRGs despite showing more signs of interactions. Including radio measurements in the CIGALE modeling constrained the dust luminosity and star formation rate (SFR) estimates by more than 1 order of magnitude better than previously reported for starburst galaxies. We show that total and nonthermal radio luminosity at 1.4 and 4.8 GHz frequencies can be good estimators of recent SFRs for all LIRGs and those ULIRGS with an insignificant influence of active galactic nuclei. A weaker but still significant correlation is observed between radio SFRs at 1.4 GHz and old (averaged over 100 Myr) SFRs based on SED modeling, indicative of multiple episodes of starburst activity during their lifetime. The thermal radio luminosity at 4.8 GHz is a better tracer of recent star formation than the thermal luminosity at 1.4 GHz. Statistically, our modeled nonthermal radio spectral indices do not significantly correlate with redshift, stellar mass, SFR, specific SFR, and dust mass.
Extragalactic Magnetism with SOFIA (SALSA Legacy Program). VII. A Tomographic View of Far-infrared and Radio Polarimetric Observations through MHD Simulations of Galaxies
Authors: Martin-Alvarez Sergio , Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Dacunha Tara , Clark Susan E. , Borlaff Alejandro S. , Beck Rainer , Rodríguez Montero Francisco , Jung Seoyoung L. , Devriendt Julien , Slyz Adrianne , Roman-Duval Julia Christine , Ntormousi Evangelia , Tahani Mehrnoosh , Subramanian Kandaswamy , Dale Daniel A. , Marcum Pamela M. , Tassis Konstantinos , del Moral-Castro Ignacio , Tram Le Ngoc , Jarvis Matt J.
Published: April 2024

The structure of magnetic fields in galaxies remains poorly constrained, despite the importance of magnetism in the evolution of galaxies. Radio synchrotron and far-infrared (FIR) polarization and polarimetric observations are the best methods to measure galactic scale properties of magnetic fields in galaxies beyond the Milky Way. We use synthetic polarimetric observations of a simulated galaxy to identify and quantify the regions, scales, and interstellar medium (ISM) phases probed at FIR and radio wavelengths. Our studied suite of magnetohydrodynamical cosmological zoom-in simulations features high-resolutions (10 pc full-cell size) and multiple magnetization models. Our synthetic observations have a striking resemblance to those of observed galaxies. We find that the total and polarized radio emission extends to approximately double the altitude above the galactic disk (half-intensity disk thickness of h
I radio ∼ h
PI radio = 0.23 ± 0.03 kpc) relative to the total FIR and polarized emission that are concentrated in the disk midplane (h
I FIR ∼ h
PI FIR = 0.11 ± 0.01 kpc). Radio emission traces magnetic fields at scales of ≳300 pc, whereas FIR emission probes magnetic fields at the smallest scales of our simulations. These scales are comparable to our spatial resolution and well below the spatial resolution (<300 pc) of existing FIR polarimetric measurements. Finally, we confirm that synchrotron emission traces a combination of the warm neutral and cold neutral gas phases, whereas FIR emission follows the densest gas in the cold neutral phase in the simulation. These results are independent of the ISM magnetic field strength. The complementarity we measure between radio and FIR wavelengths motivates future multiwavelength polarimetric observations to advance our knowledge of extragalactic magnetism.
The Gasing Pangkah Collaboration. I. Asteroseismic Identification and Characterization of a Rapidly Rotating Engulfment Candidate*
Authors: Ong 王 J. M. Joel 加冕 , Hon Marc Teng Yen , Soares-Furtado Melinda , Stephan Alexander P. , van Saders Jennifer , Tayar Jamie , Shappee Benjamin , Hey Daniel R. , Cao Lyra , Yıldız Mutlu , Orhan Zeynep Çelik , Örtel Sibel , Montet Benjamin , Holoien Thomas W.-S. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Buder Sven , De Silva Gayandhi M. , Freeman Ken C. , Martell Sarah L. , Lewis Geraint F. , Sharma Sanjib , Stello Dennis
Published: April 2024

We report the discovery and characterization of TIC 350842552 (“Zvrk”), an apparently isolated, rapidly rotating (P
rot ∼ 99 days) red giant observed by TESS in its southern Continuous Viewing Zone. The star’s fast surface rotation is independently verified by the use of p-mode asteroseismology, strong periodicity in TESS and ASAS-SN photometry, and measurements of spectroscopic rotational broadening. A two-component fit to APOGEE spectra indicates a coverage fraction of its surface features consistent with the amplitude of the photometric rotational signal. Variations in the amplitude of its photometric modulations over time suggest the evolution of its surface morphology and therefore enhanced magnetic activity. We further develop and deploy new asteroseismic techniques to characterize radial differential rotation, but find at best only weak evidence for rotational shear within Zvrk’s convective envelope. This high surface rotation rate is incompatible with models of angular-momentum transport in single-star evolution. Spectroscopic abundance estimates also indicate a high lithium abundance, among other chemical anomalies. Taken together, all of these suggest a planet-ingestion scenario for the formation of this rotational configuration, various models for which we examine in detail.
Unveiling the Initiation Route of Coronal Mass Ejections through Their Slow Rise Phase
Authors: Xing Chen , Aulanier Guillaume , Cheng Xin , Xia Chun , Ding Mingde
Published: April 2024

Understanding the early evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), in particular their initiation, is the key to forecasting solar eruptions and induced disastrous space weather. Although many initiation mechanisms have been proposed, a full understanding of CME initiation, which is identified as a slow rise of CME progenitors in kinematics before impulsive acceleration, remains elusive. Here, with a state-of-the-art thermal magnetohydrodynamics simulation, we determine a complete CME initiation route in which multiple mainstream mechanisms occur in sequence yet are tightly coupled. The slow rise is first triggered and driven by the developing hyperbolic flux tube (HFT) reconnection. Subsequently, the slow rise continues as driven by the coupling of the HFT reconnection and the early development of torus instability. The end of the slow rise, i.e., the onset of the impulsive acceleration, is induced by the start of the fast magnetic reconnection coupled with the torus instability. These results unveil that CME initiation is a complicated process involving multiple physical mechanisms, thus being hardly resolved by a single initiation mechanism.
Mass Assembly in Massive Star Formation: A Fragmentation Study of ATLASGAL Clumps
Authors: Pandian Jagadheep D. , Chatterjee Rwitika , Csengeri Timea , Williams Jonathan P. , Wyrowski Friedrich , Menten Karl M.
Published: April 2024

The mass assembly in star-forming regions arises from the hierarchical structure in molecular clouds in tandem with fragmentation at different scales. In this paper, we present a study of the fragmentation of massive clumps covering a range of evolutionary states, selected from the ATLASGAL survey, using the compact configuration of the Submillimeter Array. The observations reveal a wide diversity in the fragmentation properties with about 60% of the sources showing limited to no fragmentation at the 2″ scale, or a physical scale of 0.015–0.09 pc. We also find several examples where the cores detected with the Submillimeter Array are significantly offset from the clump potential, suggesting that initial fragmentation does not result in the formation of a large number of Jeans mass fragments. The fraction of the clump mass that is in compact structures is seen to increase with source evolution. We also see a significant correlation between the maximum mass of a fragment and the bolometric luminosity of the parent clump. These suggest that massive star formation proceeds through clump fed core accretion, with the initial fragmentation being dependent on the density structure of the clumps and/or magnetic fields.
Nonlinear Wave Damping by Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability-induced Turbulence
Authors: Hillier Andrew , Arregui Iñigo , Matsumoto Takeshi
Published: April 2024

Magnetohydrodynamic kink waves naturally form as a consequence of perturbations to a structured medium, for example, transverse oscillations of coronal loops. Linear theory has provided many insights into the evolution of linear oscillations, and results from these models are often applied to infer information about the solar corona from observed wave periods and damping times. However, simulations show that nonlinear kink waves can host the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI), which subsequently creates turbulence in the loop, dynamics that are beyond linear models. In this paper we investigate the evolution of KHI-induced turbulence on the surface of a flux tube where a nonlinear fundamental kink mode has been excited. We control our numerical experiment so that we induce the KHI without exciting resonant absorption. We find two stages in the KHI turbulence dynamics. In the first stage, we show that the classic model of a KHI turbulent layer growing at ∝t is applicable. We adapt this model to make accurate predictions of the damping of the oscillation and turbulent heating as a consequence of the KHI dynamics. In the second stage, the now dominant turbulent motions are undergoing decay. We find that the classic model of energy decay proportional to t
−2 approximately holds and provides an accurate prediction of the heating in this phase. Our results show that we can develop simple models for the turbulent evolution of a nonlinear kink wave, but the damping profiles produced are distinct from those of linear theory that are commonly used to confront theory and observations.
Unusually Low-frequency Whistler-mode Waves and Their Association with High-energy Protons Observed Upstream of Martian Bow Shock
Authors: Jin Taifeng , Ni Binbin , Fu Song , Li Lei , Cao Xing , Pang Shuyue , Yun Xiaotong , Long Minyi , Du Hengle
Published: April 2024

Whistler-mode waves upstream of planetary bow shock are often referred to as “1-Hz waves” due to the center of their observed frequency range being at ∼1 Hz. A series of whistler-mode waves were observed upstream of the Martian bow shock by MAVEN on 2015 August 14, with unusually low frequencies centered at ∼0.4 Hz. These waves were accompanied (though not synchronized) by the significant flux enhancement of high-energy protons up to ∼10 keV. By analyzing the wave dispersion property and the wave–particle interaction condition, we find that the observed whistler-mode waves have the potential of resonating with protons of ∼1 keV with large pitch angles up to nearly perpendicular to the background magnetic field, thereby providing a feasible means of accounting for proton acceleration. Our results indicate the possible origin of energized protons in the Martian environment through the interaction with whistler-mode waves, and their potential relationship with the unique upstream conditions.
A Consistent Explanation for the Unusual Initial Mass Function and Star Formation Rate in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ)
Authors: Chabrier Gilles , Dumond Pierre
Published: April 2024

We examine various physical processes that may explain the shallow high-mass slope of the initial mass function (IMF), as well as the low star formation rate (SFR) in star-forming molecular clouds (MCs) in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ). We show that the strong tidal field and shear experienced by the CMZ have opposite effects on the collapse of density fluctuations and cannot explain these properties. Similarly, we show that the intense magnetic field in the CMZ provides a negligible pressure support and, for the high densities at play, should not modify the probability density function of the turbulent gas flow, thus affecting negligibly the IMF. However, we show that, in contrast to the MCs in the Galactic disk, the ones in the CMZ experience only one single episode of turbulence cascade. Indeed, their rather short lifetime, due to their high mean densities, is similar to one typical turbulence crossing time. Consequently, according to the Hennebelle–Chabrier theory of star formation, within this “single turbulence cascade episode,” the cloud experiences one single field of turbulence-induced density fluctuations, leading eventually to gravitationally unstable cores. As shown in Hennebelle & Chabrier (2013), this yields a shallower IMF than usual and leads to the correct observed slope for the CMZ star-forming clouds. Similarly, this single large-scale turbulence event within the cloud lifetime yields a 5–6 times lower SFR than under usual conditions, in agreement with the observed values. Therefore, we suggest that this “single turbulence cascade” scenario can explain both the shallow IMF and low SFR of clouds in the CMZ.
Virial Black Hole Masses for Active Galactic Nuclei behind the Magellanic Clouds
Authors: Panda Swayamtrupta , Kozłowski Szymon , Gromadzki Mariusz , Wrona Marcin , Iwanek Patryk , Udalski Andrzej , Szymański Michał K. , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radosław , Mróz Przemek , Skowron Dorota M. , Rybicki Krzysztof , Mróz Mateusz
Published: April 2024

We use the spectroscopic data collected by the Magellanic Quasars Survey (MQS) and the photometric V- and I-band data from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) to measure the physical parameters for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) located behind the Magellanic Clouds. The flux-uncalibrated MQS spectra were obtained with the 4 m Anglo-Australian Telescope and the AAOmega spectroscope (R = 1300) in a typical ∼1.5 hr visit. They span a spectral range of 3700–8500 Å and have signal-to-noise ratios in a range of 3–300. We report the discovery and observational properties of 161 AGNs in this footprint, which expands the total number of spectroscopically confirmed AGNs by MQS to 919. After the conversion of the OGLE mean magnitudes to the monochromatic luminosities at 5100, 3000, and 1350 Å, we were able to reliably measure the black hole masses for 165 out of 919 AGNs. The remaining physical parameters we provide are the bolometric luminosities and the Eddington ratios. A fraction of these AGNs have been observed by the OGLE survey since 1997 (all of them since 2001), enabling studies of correlations between the variability and physical parameters of these AGNs.
Weighted Stacking of Radio Images Affected by Noise and Interfering Signals
Authors: Murgia Giulia , Fatigoni Sofia
Published: April 2024

We implement an algorithm based on the weighted stacking of astronomical images that can combine different observations of the same region of the sky removing the interfering signals. We develop a C++ code that takes as input a set of spectral cubes and computes the local weights of the intensity for each pixel of every channel. The weights are calculated as the inverse variance of the nearby pixels and are used to compute the weighted merge of the input files. Astronomical sources, present in all cubes, are preserved by the weighted average. However, interfering signals, present in specific cubes and a certain frequency range, are down-weighted in the average and removed from the output spectral cube. We present the results obtained by analyzing simulated spectral cubes containing astronomical sources, noise, and a random set of interferences of different intensities and spectral occupations. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by comparing the output result with the input sky-model image. Finally, we present the results obtained by applying the method to a set of real data consisting of observations of the Andromeda galaxy, Messier 31 (M31), at 6.6 GHz obtained with the Sardinia Radio Telescope.
Detection of Rydberg Lines from the Atmosphere of Betelgeuse
Authors: Dent W. R. F. , Harper G. M. , Richards A. M. S. , Kervella P. , Matthews L. D.
Published: April 2024

Emission lines from Rydberg transitions are detected for the first time from a region close to the surface of Betelgeuse. The H30α line is observed at 231.905 GHz, with an FWHM ∼42 km s−1 and extended wings. A second line at 232.025 GHz (FWHM ∼21 km s−1 ), is modeled as a combination of Rydberg transitions of abundant low first ionization potential metals. Both H30α and the Rydberg combined line X30α are fitted by Voigt profiles, and collisional broadening with electrons may be partly responsible for the Lorentzian contribution, indicating electron densities of a few 108 cm−3. X30α is located in a relatively smooth ring at a projected radius of 0.9× the optical photospheric radius R
⋆, whereas H30α is more clumpy, reaching a peak at ∼1.4 R
⋆. We use a semiempirical thermodynamic atmospheric model of Betelgeuse to compute the 232 GHz (1.29 mm) continuum and line profiles making simple assumptions. Photoionized abundant metals dominate the electron density, and the predicted surface of continuum optical depth unity at 232 GHz occurs at ∼1.3 R
⋆, in good agreement with observations. Assuming a Saha–Boltzmann distribution for the level populations of Mg, Si, and Fe, the model predicts that the X30α emission arises in a region of radially increasing temperature and turbulence. Inclusion of ionized C and non-LTE effects could modify the integrated fluxes and location of emission. These simulations confirm the identity of the Rydberg transition lines observed toward Betelgeuse and reveal that such diagnostics can improve future atmospheric models.
VADER: Probing the Dark Side of Dimorphos with LICIACube LUKE
Authors: Zinzi Angelo , Hasselmann P. H. A. , Della Corte V. , Deshapriya J. D. P. , Gai I. , Lucchetti A. , Pajola M. , Rossi A. , Dotto E. , Mazzotta Epifani E. , Daly R. T. , Hirabayashi M. , Farnham T. , Ernst C. M. , Ivanovski S. L. , Li J.-Y. , Parro L. M. , Amoroso M. , Beccarelli J. , Bertini I. , Brucato J. R. , Capannolo A. , Caporali S. , Ceresoli M. , Cremonese G. , Dall’Ora M. , Gomez Casajus L. , Gramigna E. , Ieva S. , Impresario G. , Lasagni Manghi R. , Lavagna M. , Lombardo M. , Modenini D. , Negri B. , Palumbo P. , Perna D. , Pirrotta S. , Poggiali G. , Tortora P. , Tusberti F. , Zannoni M. , Zanotti G.
Published: April 2024

The ASI cubesat LICIACube has been part of the first planetary defense mission DART, having among its scopes to complement the DRACO images to better constrain the Dimorphos shape. LICIACube had two different cameras, LEIA and LUKE, and to accomplish its goal, it exploited the unique possibility of acquiring images of the Dimorphos hemisphere not seen by DART from a vantage point of view, in both time and space. This work is indeed aimed at constraining the tridimensional shape of Dimorphos, starting from both LUKE images of the nonimpacted hemisphere of Dimorphos and the results obtained by DART looking at the impacted hemisphere. To this aim, we developed a semiautomatic Computer Vision algorithm, named VADER, able to identify objects of interest on the basis of physical characteristics, subsequently used as input to retrieve the shape of the ellipse projected in the LUKE images analyzed. Thanks to this shape, we then extracted information about the Dimorphos ellipsoid by applying a series of quantitative geometric considerations. Although the solution space coming from this analysis includes the triaxial ellipsoid found by using DART images, we cannot discard the possibility that Dimorphos has a more elongated shape, more similar to what is expected from previous theories and observations. The result of our work seems therefore to emphasize the unique value of the LICIACube mission and its images, making even clearer the need of having different points of view to accurately define the shape of an asteroid.
Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal five new species of Porotheleaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from China
Authors: Na Qin , Zeng Hui , Hu Yaping , Ding Hui , Ke Binrong , Zeng Zhiheng , Liu Changjing , Cheng Xianhao , Ge Yupeng
Published: April 2024

The first occurrence of Marasmiellomycena and Pulverulina in the Chinese mycobiota are reported, M. tomentosa and P. flavoalba, two new species and M. albodescendens, a new combination, revealed by phylogenetic analyses and morphological study. These newly-recorded genera, Marasmiellomycena, which can be distinguished by their agaricoid basidiomata, dark-coloured stipe, sarcodimitic tramal structure, stipitipellis with yellow to yellowish-brown pigments and yellow-pigmented thick-walled caulocystidia and Pulverulina, which differs from other genera of Porotheleaceae by its pruinose stipe, decurrent lamellae, inamyloid basidiospores and absence of hymenial cystidia. We also formally describe three other new species of Porotheleaceae collected from Chinese temperate to subtropical zones of Fujian and Zhejiang Provinces: Clitocybula fuscostriata, Gerronema brunneosquamulosum and Leucoinocybe subglobispora. Furthermore, we include the results of a phylogenetic analysis of Porotheleaceae, based on a multi-locus (ITS, nrLSU and rpb2) dataset. According to this analysis, Chrysomycena, Clitocybula, Delicatula, Hydropodia, Hydropus, Leucoinocybe, Marasmiellomycena, Megacollybia, Pulverulina, Trogia and Vizzinia are monophyletic. However, Gerronema is identified as polyphyletic and, additionally, Porotheleum does not form a monophyletic group either because Porotheleum parvulum and Porotheleum albidum are “unassigned” in phylogenetic analysis. The results of our phylogenetic analyses, coupled with morphological observations, confirm recognition of these new taxa. Morphological descriptions, photographs, line drawings and comparisons with closely-related taxa are presented for the new species. A key to the 22 species belonging to nine genera of Porotheleaceae in China is also provided.
Freinet – Ferenczi
Authors: Prot Frédérique Marie
Published: April 2024

Je propose dans cet article de partir du fameux texte de Ferenczi de 1908 dans lequel il appelle de ses vœux une réflexion et une évolution des pratiques scolaires car celles-ci, dit-il, « constituent un véritable bouillon de culture des névroses actuelles » (Ferenczi, 1908/1968, p. 51). Ce texte porte en germe des éléments sur lesquels Célestin Freinet s’est exprimé vingt ans plus tard, lors d’une conférence à Leipzig intitulée « La discipline parmi les écoliers », conférence dans laquelle il fait la critique de ce qu’il nomme la « discipline oppressive ». Il semble que la question cruciale que pose Ferenczi se retrouve dans des pratiques imaginées et mises en œuvre par Freinet : si l’éducation reçue des adultes joue un rôle non négligeable dans la pathologie ultérieure de chacun, quels moyens thérapeutique et prophylactique envisager contre de telles pratiques ? L’éducation dans le monde allemand du XIXe et début du XXe siècle à laquelle Ferenczi fait vraisemblablement allusion est un modèle éducatif problématique car brutal. Il annulait chez les plus jeunes toutes formes de désir et de volonté. C’est d’une certaine façon tout le dilemme de l’éducation que questionnent psychanalystes et pédagogues : l’apport structurant de l’adulte à l’enfant d’une nécessaire frustration qui permette d’en faire un adulte civilisé – mais comment ? La proposition de Freinet est claire, elle s’entend suivant deux grandes idées qu’il a développées par la suite : une nouvelle organisation de l’école et de la classe permettant de sortir du modèle d’une discipline « oppressive » pour s’acheminer vers un nouveau modèle de discipline qu’il qualifia de « discipline libératrice », entendue en tant que libération de l’enfant de certains troubles psychiques. Cette capacité à agir avec sollicitude pour l’éducateur peut s’entendre comme possibilité de faire preuve de tact dans la relation avec les enfants. Introduit par Ferenczi, le tact revêt toute son importance pour le pédagogue. En effet, dans la notion de tact chez Ferenczi, il y a l’idée de toucher par une parole juste et efficiente, permettant de dire sans blesser au moment opportun. Dans les deux courts épisodes issus d’une réunion de coopérative que je présente, je tente de montrer que les professeures peuvent faire preuve de tact.
The Performance of Chatbots and the AAPOS Website as a Tool for Amblyopia Education
Authors: Doğan Levent , Özçakmakcı Gazi Bekir , Yılmaz Ĭbrahim Edhem
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the understandability, actionability, and readability of responses provided by the website of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS), ChatGPT-3.5, Bard, and Bing Chat about amblyopia and the appropriateness of the responses generated by the chatbots.

Method:

Twenty-five questions provided by the AAPOS website were directed three times to fresh ChatGPT-3.5, Bard, and Bing Chat interfaces. Two experienced pediatric ophthalmologists categorized the responses of the chatbots in terms of their appropriateness. Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Coleman-Liau Index (CLI) were used to evaluate the readability of the responses of the AAPOS website and chatbots. Furthermore, the understandability scores were evaluated using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT).

Results:

The appropriateness of the chatbots' responses was 84% for ChatGPT-3.5 and Bard and 80% for Bing Chat (
P
> .05). For understandability (mean PEMAT-U score AAPOS website: 81.5%, Bard: 77.6%, ChatGPT-3.5: 76.1%, and Bing Chat: 71.5%,
P
< .05) and actionability (mean PEMAT-A score AAPOS website: 74.6%, Bard: 69.2%, ChatGPT-3.5: 67.8%, and Bing Chat: 64.8%,
P
< .05), the AAPOs website scored better than the chat-bots. Three readability analyses showed that Bard had the highest mean score, followed by the AAPOS website, Bing Chat, and ChatGPT-3.5, and these scores were more challenging than the recommended level.

Conclusions:

Chatbots have the potential to provide detailed and appropriate responses at acceptable levels. The AAPOS website has the advantage of providing information that is more understandable and actionable. The AAPOS website and chatbots, especially Chat-GPT, provided difficult-to-read data for patient education regarding amblyopia.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(5):325–331.]
Sufficient and necessary conditions of near-optimal controls for a stochastic listeriosis model with spatial diffusion
Authors: Meng Zhaoyan , Lyu Shuting , Zhang Mengqing , Li Xining , Zhang Qimin
Published: April 2024

Random environment and human activities have important effects on the survival of listeria. In this paper, treating infected people and removing bacteria from the environment as control strategies, we developed a listeriosis model that considers random noise and spatial diffusion. By constructing a Lyapunov function, we demonstrated the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution of the model. However, it was a challenging task to realize the optimal control of the model by solving the Pontryagin random maximum principle with the lowest control cost. Therefore, our study on near-optimal controls is of great significance for controlling the spread of listeriosis. Initially, we gave some adjoint equations and a priori estimates. Subsequently, the Pontryagin random maximum principle was utilized to establish the sufficient and necessary conditions for achieving near-optimal controls. Ultimately, the theoretical findings are corroborated through numerical analysis.
A study for a higher order Riemann-Liouville fractional differential equation with weakly singularity
Authors: San Mufit , Ramazan Seyma
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we study an initial value problem with a weakly singular nonlinear fractional differential equation of higher order. First, we establish the existence of global solutions to the problem within the appropriate function space. We then introduce a generalized Riemann-Liouville mean value theorem. Using this theorem, we prove the Nagumo-type uniqueness theorem for the stated problem. Moreover, we give two examples to illustrate the applicability of the existence and uniqueness theorems.
Power series expansion, decreasing property, and concavity related to logarithm of normalized tail of power series expansion of cosine
Authors: Wan Aying , Qi Feng
Published: April 2024

In this paper, in view of a determinantal formula for higher order derivatives of the ratio of two differentiable functions, we expand the logarithm of the normalized tail of the power series expansion of the cosine function into a Maclaurin power series expansion whose coefficients are expressed in terms of specific Hessenberg determinants, present the decreasing property and concavity of the normalized tail of the Maclaurin power series expansion of the cosine function, deduce a new determinantal expression of the Bernoulli numbers, and verify the decreasing property for the ratio of the logarithms of the first two normalized tails of the Maclaurin power series expansion of the cosine function.
Analysis of peakon-like soliton solutions: (3+1)-dimensional Fractional Klein-Gordon equation
Authors: Hamali Waleed , Zaagan Abdullah A. , Zogan Hamad
Published: April 2024

In this study, we investigate the fundamental properties of ($ 3+1 $)-$ D $ Fractional Klein-Gordon equation using the sophisticated techniques of Riccatti-Bornoulli sub-ODE approach with Backlund transformation. Using a more stringent criterion, our study reveals new soliton solutions that have peakon-like properties and unique cusp features. This research provides significant understanding of the dynamic behaviours and odd events related to these solutions. This work is important because it helps to elucidate the complex dynamics that exist within physical systems, which will benefit many different scientific fields. Our method is used to examine the existence and stability of compactons and kinks in the context of actual physical systems. Under a double-well on-site potential, these structures are made up of a network of connected nonlinear pendulums. Both $ 2D $ and contour plots produced by parameter changes provide as clear examples of the efficiency, simplicity, and conciseness of the computational method used. The results highlight how flexible this approach is, and demonstrate how symbolic calculations broaden its application to more complex events. This work offers a useful framework and studying intricate physical systems, as well as a flexible computational tool that may be used in a variety of scientific fields.
Fixed point theorems for $ b $-generalized contractive mappings with weak continuity conditions
Authors: Han Yan , Xu Shaoyuan , Chen Jin , Yang Huijuan
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this paper was to introduce several $ b $-generalized contractive mappings in the framework of cone $ b $-metric spaces over Banach algebras. The obtained contractions generalized and extended the counterparts in metric spaces, cone metric spaces, and $ b $-metric spaces. Moreover, via weakening the completeness of the spaces, we gave some fixed point theorems for asymptotically regular mappings without considering the orbital continuity and $ k $-continuity of the mappings. Those who need a specification is our results do not rely on the continuity of $ b $-metric and the normality of cones. In addition, some nontrivial examples were presented to illustrate the superiority of our fixed point theorems.
The switching and learning behavior of an octopus cell implemented on FPGA
Authors: Tschumak Alexej , Feldhoff Frank , Klefenz Frank
Published: April 2024

A dendrocentric backpropagation spike timing-dependent plasticity learning rule has been derived based on temporal logic for a single octopus neuron. It receives parallel spike trains and collectively adjusts its synaptic weights in the range [0, 1] during training. After the training phase, it spikes in reaction to event signaling input patterns in sensory streams. The learning and switching behavior of the octopus cell has been implemented in field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware. The application in an FPGA is described and the proof of concept for its application in hardware that was obtained by feeding it with spike cochleagrams is given; also, it is verified by performing a comparison with the pre-computed standard software simulation results.
A dynamic model of rational “panic buying”
Authors: Noda Shunya , Teramoto Kazuhiro
Published: April 2024

This paper analyzes panic buying of storable consumer products accompanied by disasters, using a novel consumer‐search theoretic equilibrium model where consumers follow (
S,
s) inventory policies. We show that, even if consumers are fully rational, an anticipated temporary increase in consumer shopping costs (as well as conventional demand and supply shocks) can trigger an upward spiral of hoarding demand and result in serious shortages. Due to congestion externalities, panic buying leads to the misallocation of storable products and substantial welfare loss. The model is calibrated using survey data and reveals that the timing of recognizing the shopping‐cost rise is crucial for the severity of panic buying. Some policy options, such as purchase quotas and future sales‐tax reductions, are suggested to mitigate panic buying.
De la scène à l’écran
Authors: Rossi Jérôme
Published: April 2024

Quoiqu’initialement conçue pour la scène, c’est finalement sur le grand écran que sort, en 1937, l’opérette Prends la route du réalisateur Jean Boyer et du compositeur Georges Van Parys. La comparaison entre le film et le manuscrit de la pièce permet de documenter avec précision les stratégies d’adaptation musicale déployées par Van Parys pour passer de la scène à l’écran : suppression des ballets et des chœurs non reliés à l’action, composition d’une importante partition instrumentale, concentration des chansons sur les vedettes principales « Pils et Tabet », réduction du nombre de chansons et redéploiement de celles-ci dans le film avec des paroles adaptées aux circonstances.
La première nuit d’amour de Julien Sorel et Mme de Rênal dans les états scénaristiques du Rouge et le Noir (Claude Autant-Lara, 1954)
Authors: Cordonier Laure
Published: April 2024

Le Rouge et le Noir, réalisé par Claude Autant-Lara et sorti en 1954, a connu une genèse scénaristique chaotique et longue de plus d’une décennie. Ses deux célèbres scénaristes principaux, Jean Aurenche et Pierre Bost, ont notamment dû remanier leurs textes en fonction des injonctions des producteurs soucieux de la censure de l’époque. Cet article compare les différents états scénaristiques relatifs à la première scène d’amour entre Julien Sorel et Mme de Rênal, qui a été abondamment modifiée en cours de rédaction. En se concentrant surtout sur la caractérisation des personnages, il vise à comprendre les changements, à interpréter les conséquences des écarts majeurs entre les textes, puis à interroger le rapport entretenu par Aurenche et Bost avec le roman-source de Stendhal. Disposant de la richesse du fonds d’archives Autant-Lara, cette étude de cas propose ainsi une contribution concrète aux nombreuses études portant sur l’adaptation cinématographique d’œuvres littéraires.
« Elliott Erwitt. Une rétrospective », Lyon, La Sucrière, 21 octobre 2023-17 mars 2024
Authors: Sauvage Olivier
Published: April 2024

Compte rendu de l’exposition « Elliott Erwitt. Une rétrospective »
Inappropriate Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate in the Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea
Authors: Youn Seong Hwan , Kim Hyun Jung , Park Jae Seok , Park Sun Hyo , Kwon Yong Shik , Kim Mi-Ae
Published: April 2024

Background: While inhalation therapy efficacy hinges on attaining proper peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR), the prevalence of inappropriate PIFR among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unstudied in Korea. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of inappropriate PIFR, its correlation with COPD assessment test (CAT) scores, and factors associated with suboptimal PIFR.Methods: We enrolled 108 patients with COPD who had been using the same inhaler for at least 1 year without exacerbations. PIFR was measured using an inspiratory flow meter (In-Check DIAL G16). Demographic, clinical, pulmonary function, and CAT score data were collected. Inappropriate was defined as PIFR <60 L/min for dry power inhaler (DPI) users, and >90 L/min for aerosol device users.Results: The cohort comprised 87 (80.6%) men, mean age 71.0±8.5 years, with mean post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 69.1%±1.8% predicted. Twenty-nine (26.9%) used aerosol devices only, 76 (70.4%) used DPIs only, and three (2.8%) used both. Inappropriate PIFRs were found in 17.2% of aerosol device users, and 42.1% of DPI users. CAT scores were significantly higher in the inappropriate PIFR group than in the appropriate PIFR group (11.2±7.7 vs. 7.5±4.9, p=0.003). In DPI users, female, shorter height, lower body weight and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) were associated with inappropriate PIFR.Conclusion: The prevalence of inappropriate PIFR among patients with COPD is 17.2% for aerosol device users, and 42.1% for DPI users. Suboptimal PIFR correlates with female gender, shorter stature, lower weight and MVV in DPI users.
Changes in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome before and after the COVID-19 pandemic according to household income levels
Authors: Kang Hyunjung , Lee Dagyeong , Park Junhee , Jung Su-Min
Published: April 2024

Background: Since the World Health Organization’s pandemic declaration in March 2020, Korea has witnessed shifts in lifestyle behaviors, impacting habits tied to socioeconomic status and contributing to metabolic syndrome (MetS). To investigate this issue, the current study aimed to investigate changes in MetS prevalence, particularly based on income levels before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Methods: This study used data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2020). A total of 6,840 individuals aged 30–65 years were included in this study. Household income was divided into high (≥75th percentile), middle (25–75th percentile), and low (≤25th percentile). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the interaction between this association before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the prevalence of MetS before and after the COVID-19 pandemic (26.7% to 30.2%, P=0.001). These changes differed based on income levels. The increase in the prevalence of MetS was statistically significant in the low- and high-income groups but not in the middle-income group (low: 8.0%p increase [P=0.039], middle: 1.0%p increase [P=0.522], high: 6.4%p increase [P<0.001]). The interaction between household income and the COVID-19 pandemic on MetS was statistically significant (P for interaction=0.032).Conclusion: This study revealed that P for interaction between household income, MetS, and the period before and after the COVID-19 pandemic was significant. Changes in physical activity and eating habits during the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to these differences.
High velocity nasal insufflation versus non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure: a comparative study
Authors: Abd El Aziz Aml A , Abdelaal Gehan A , Gasad Heba R , Tawadros Bishoy B
Published: April 2024

Background

In order to treat respiratory failure, thermo-humidified nasal high flow oxygen (NHFO) therapy is being used more and more. In several clinical scenarios, NHFO has recently gained popularity as alternative noninvasive respiratory ventilation.

Aim

The aim is to assess the role of high velocity nasal insufflation (HVNI) versus noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in acute respiratory failure.

Patients and methods

This is a prospective randomized clinical study conducted on 60 patients admitted to the Chest Department at Menoufia University Hospital with acute respiratory failure. Patients were randomized to receive either noninvasive positive pressure ventilation using an oronasal mask or high-velocity nasal insufflation (initial flow was at 30-40 l/min; temperature was adjusted to 37°C; fraction of inspired oxygen 1.0) with clinical monitoring and arterial blood gas (ABG) monitoring after 2, 6, 12, and 24 h.

Results

The therapeutic impact of both, HVNI and NIV, on pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), hydrogen ion concentration, arterial oxygen saturation and pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) over time was almost similar. There was an improvement in dyspnea and a decrease in respiratory rate over time when compared with baseline results in both groups. There was no statistical difference between both groups. The failure rate in type I respiratory failure (RF) was 33.3% in the HVNI group and 28.6% in the NIV group (P-value 0.7). The failure rate in type II RF was 41.7% in the HVNI group and 25% in the NIV group (P-value 0.3). HVNI was more comfortable for patients and provided better communication and oral intake.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that the HVNI was comparable to the NIV in the management of hypoxemic respiratory failure and could be used as a noninvasive method of ventilation alternative to the BiPAP in hypercapnic RF, with more comfortability and better communication in the HVNI group.