bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Culture (and Religion) in Constitutional Adjudication
Authors: Rautenbach Christa , Van Rensburg Fanie Jansen , Pienaar Gerrit
Published: July 2017

The faculty of law of the Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education in corroboration with the Konrad-Adenauer-Stifttung embarked on a study on Politics, Socio-Economic Issues and Culture in Constitutional Adjudication. The aim of the project is twofold. The first aim is to analyse the influence of political, socio-economic and cultural considerations on the constitutional court’s interpretation and application of the Bill of Rights. The second aim is to develop practical guidelines (based on the findings during the analysing process) for South African courts confronted with issues of a political, socio-economic and cultural nature. This article is concerned with initiating discussions of the decisions of the constitutional court with regard to cultural and religious rights.

Before we can explore the role of political, socio-economic and cultural (and religious) rights in the decisions of the constitutional court it is important to discuss a few preliminary issues. In this article the meaning of culture and religion within the South African context receives some attention. Secondly, some preliminary comments regarding constitutional protection of culturally and religiously based rights will be made.

We are well aware that this is a daunting task, not only in view of the seemingly abysmal gap between the applicable constitutional rights and values enshrined in the 1996 Constitution that, in some instances over centuries, brought about customs and practices within “traditional” communities which, seemingly, infringe on certain constitutional values and rights.
The changing rules of jus ad bellum : conflicts in Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan
Authors: Scholtz W
Published: July 2017

This article focuses on three instances of the use of armed force in international relations. The three instances that are explored are the intervention by NATO in Kosovo, the armed attack by mainly the USA and the UK against Afghanistan and the war against Iraq in 2003. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the legality of the coercive measures in order to ascertain the effects that these actions had in relation to article 2(4) of the UN Charter. The proposed justifications for the attacks differ and these are carefully scrutinized against the jus ad bellum as to determine the legality of the attacks. The notion of humanitarian intervention was used as a ground for justification by various international scholars to explain the use of force in Kosovo, but this concept is not recognized in terms of international law. The attack on Afghanistan was based on article 51 of the UN Charter. The attacks were directed at Afghanistan as this state harboured the terrorists responsible for the attacks on the USA. The mere harbouring of terrorists does not give rise to the use of armed force on the basis of article 51 and as such the use of coercive measures against Afghanistan was illegal. The use of force in Iraq was mainly based on the doctrine of pre-emptive force which is alien to international law. The USA and its coalition partners also acted in contravention with the jus ad bellum in this regard. The author poses certain proposals in relation to the jus ad bellum and stresses the importance of article 2(4) which must ensure that international relations are not once more regulated by the use of armed force.
"Checks and Balances Reflections on the Development of the Doctrine of Separation of Powers under the South African Constitution"
Authors: O’Regan K
Published: July 2017

Constitutional Principle VI, of the constitutional principles negotiated at the Multi-Party negotiating process in the early 1990s and annexed to the Interim Constitution1, provided that:          

There shall be a separation of powers between the legislature, executive and judiciary, with appropriate checks and balances to ensure accountability, responsiveness and openness.
Between Economic and Legal Analysis of Incorporated Things: a Critical "NO" to Aedilitian Remedies
Authors: Kilian CG
Published: July 2017

This article analyses the dictum of the Phame v Paizes 1973 3 397 (A) within economic and legal principles to determine whether incorporeal things could possess characteristics of value or quality characteristics as in the case of corporeal things. The author uses practical economic examples to argue for the development of common law. The author identifies relevant Roman law principles which justify the legal nature of incorporeal things. It is demonstrated that the value of incorporeal things depends greatly on future circumstances. It is argued in this article that the courts’ willingness to extend the Aedilitian remedies and the wide interpretation of a dictum et promissum create an open door for any unsatisfied buyer with no entrepreneurial skills to claim a reduced price if the business is unable to achieve similar financial results to those prior to the conclusion of the contract. Currently the seller of a business has no clear or enforceable defense under these circumstances. The author subsequently suggests that relevant Roman law principles should be revisited in the aim to develop an appropriate defense for the seller.
Editorial
Authors: Venter Francois
Published: July 2017

This second edition of 2006 offers an interesting range of topics, in this instance all covered by South African authors.

In her analysis of the "institutions supporting constitutional democracy" established by the South African Constitution, Professor Christina Murray of the University of Cape Town argues that thethe institutions share the roles of providing a check on government and of contributing to transformation.  The newness of democracy, the great demands on the state and the political dominance of the governing party in South Africa are identified as the greatest challenges of the institutions discussed.
Estudio de la climatología ecuatorial andina con métodos numéricos: pronósticos de tiempo, validaciones y reconstrucción de la atmósfera
Authors: Palacios Enrique , Serrano Vincenti Sheila , Núñez Patricio
Published: July 2017

La siguiente investigación, describe dos tipos de estudios acerca del clima y tiempo del Ecuador, implementando los modelos numéricos MM5 (Mesoescale Model versión 5) y WRF (Weather Research Forecasting Model), mostrando sus características principales e instalación para ajustarlo a las condiciones ecuatoriales. Los estudios que se realizan corresponden al pronóstico del tiempo del país, utilizando el modelo MM5 en variables como la temperatura, velocidad de viento y precipitaciones. El estudio de validación se lo hace sobre las precipitaciones de la ciudad de Quito a través de tablas de contingencia, estudiando los meses de agosto a octubre. Se logra así un POD (Probability of Detection) del 93,5% y un FAR (False Alarm Ratio) del 14%, evidenciando la temporada inusualmente seca que se registró en esas fechas. Asimismo se presenta la primera parte del estudio de la reconstrucción de la atmósfera ecuatorial, utilizando el modelo WRF, mostrando el estudio de los perfiles verticales de las velocidades de viento; para concluir este estudio será necesario examinar las series temporales de al menos 30 años. Se obtienen resultados preliminares con una zona de vientos máximos a los 17 km de altura, visualizando sobre este nivel una disminución de su intensidad.
Cinco métodos de manejo de plántulas para la inducción de brotación de basales en la variedad de rosa Blush de los Andes (Rosa spp)
Authors: Espinoza Gavilánez Rosita , Vinueza Mejía Hugo
Published: July 2017

La presente investigación muestra cinco métodos para la inducción de brotación en las plántulas de la variedad de rosa Blush de los Andes (Rosa spp). Los tratamientos empleados fueron: primero, agobio de la plántula con semiquiebre, previa formación de escobilla; segundo, agobio de la plántula por arqueo, previa formación de escobilla; tercero, cosecha de la primera flor en punto de corte ruso; cuarto, agobio de la plántula por arqueo, previo descabece del primer botón floral en punto garbanzo; y por último, descabece del primer botón floral en punto de corte ruso más desyeme de brotes axilares. Se evaluó semana a semana el número de basales brotados por planta de cada tratamiento, la longitud en centímetros alcanzada por cada basal, el calibre en milímetros alcanzado por cada uno de los tallos, y se determinó el número de días a corte (ciclo del cultivo), desde la siembra de la plántula hasta la cosecha en punto ruso; y desde la implementación del tratamiento hasta la cosecha en el mismo punto de cada tallo basal evaluado. En cuanto al número de basales por planta, no se encontró diferencia significativa; en cuanto la longitud de basales en centímetros, el mejor tratamiento fue el segundo con una longitud promedio de 97,21 cm por tallo, al igual que en el calibre (diámetro) con un promedio de 6,39 mm por tallo, en la variable ciclo de cultivo desde la ‘siembra’, los mejores resultados se encontraron en los dos primeros tratamientos, en la misma variable pero desde la ejecución de los tratamientos, los mejores resultados se presentaron en el quinto caso.
Participación de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana en la exploración florística de la reserva ecológica los Ilinizas
Authors: Cerna Marco
Published: July 2017

La Reserva Ecológica Los Ilinizas (cuyo nombre viene de Los Ilinizas, picos gemelos volcánicos) se ubica en la vertiente occidental de la Cordillera Occidental de los Andes, en el Ecuador. La mayoría de la reserva se encuentra en la provincia de Cotopaxi, pero una parte pequeña está en la provincia de Pichincha. La reserva incluye la Laguna Quilotoa, un lago dentro de un cráter volcánico; esta zona queda por fuera de los bordes principales de la reserva. La altura sobre el nivel del mar de la reserva varía desde 800 m hasta 5.248 m, y la precipitación promedio anual varía desde 1.000 mm hasta 2.000 mm (Romero-Torres, 1997).

La reserva fue fundada el 19 de diciembre de 1996, y está manejada por el Ministerio del Ambiente. El área de la reserva es 149.900 ha, de las cuales 119.100 ha originalmente eran bosque nublado y 30.800 ha pertenecían al páramo (Romero-Torres, 1997). Según el sistema de clasificación de Harling (1979), que se muestra en los mapas de vegetación en Jørgensen & León-Yánez (1999), las zonas de vegetación en la reserva incluyen Bosque pluvial montano bajo, Bosque nublado, Pastizales y vegetación de quebradas del norte del Ecuador, Páramo de pajonal, Páramo arbustivo y de almohadillas, y Páramo desértico. Estos tipos de vegetación fueron descritos por Neill (1999). Los asentamientos humanos existieron en esta zona bien antes del establecimiento de la reserva
Evidencia Científica De La Laserterapia En Onicomicosis
Authors: Navarro Flores Emmanuel
Published: July 2017

Objetivo: En los últimos años se ha extendido el tratamiento con láser como complemento del tratamiento de la onicomicosis. Existen diferentes publicaciones en relación a los distintos tipos de láser para el tratamiento de las onicomicosis, que contienen diversos resultados de  eficacia. El presente trabajo recopila los resultados obtenidos en diferentes estudios con el fin de determinar la eficacia de esta terapia. Determinar la eficacia del tratamiento con laserterapia en casos de infecciones micóticas ungueales. Establecer el nivel de evidencia científica del tratamiento láser en infecciones fúngicas de las uñas.Método: Se realiza un trabajo de revisión mediante búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos biomédicas  PubMed,  Scopus, Web de Science® (WOS)  y Embase empleando las palabras clave “láser, nail, mycosis y treatment”. Se obtienen 50 resultados. Se incluyeron aquellos estudios que  empleaban el láser para el tratamiento de onicomicosis, publicados durante los últimos 5 años, excluyendo aquellos que no cumplían tal requisito.Resultados: En un principio se obtienen 390 resultados relacionados con el tratamiento con láser de onicomicosis de los pies; tanto para láser CO2 neodimio como de diodo. De los últimos cinco años, solamente se obtuvieron 121 resultados. Finalmente se escogieron 50 en estudios, de los cuales 20 eran ensayos clínicos, 16 estudios experimentales, y 14 revisiones con resultados de eficacia demostrada in vitro y pautas de aplicación variadas con efectividad de tratamiento dispar.Conclusiones: Se necesita mayor número de ensayos clínicos, con una población de estudio mayor que determinen de manera adecuada, desde el punto de vista de la evidencia científica, si existe correlación entre el empleo de láser y la mejoría de los síntomas en tratamiento de onicomicosis, respecto de los tratamientos antifúngicos existentes tópicos o sistémicos.
La guerra de Chile contra la Confederación Perú-Boliviana (1836-1839): el trigo y la agricultura como bases de un proyecto nacional
Authors: Cavieres-Figueroa Eduardo , Serrano del Pozo Gonzalo
Published: July 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la relevancia del comercio del trigo como uno de los factores determinantes en la guerra de Chile contra la Confederación Perú-Boliviana. A partir de oficios del Archivo Histórico Nacional de Chile, cartas y prensa del periodo, el estudio comparado de las fuentes permite evidenciar la estrecha relación entre la tensión comercial entre Perú y Chile, la crisis del trigo en Chile y la declaración de guerra de este país a la Confederación. Asimismo, la organización de la segunda expedición chilena y la fundación de la Sociedad Nacional de Agricultura, por los mismos protagonistas, permite especular que ambos acontecimientos formaban parte de un mismo proyecto político y económico.
El contrato de mantenimiento en el nuevo derecho contractual europeo y en el derecho español
Authors: Vaquer Aloy Antoni
Published: July 2017

El siguiente artículo reflexiona sobre un contrato atípico, pero de alta utilización en el derecho civil contemporáneo: el contrato de mantenimiento que, en la legislación española y en la mayoría de ordenamientos jurídicos, carece de regulaciones específicas. Utilizando el Marco Común de Referencia (DCFR por sus siglas en inglés) para el derecho privado europeo, así como jurisprudencia y teorías relacionadas se intentará analizar aspectos como los deberes de colaboración entre las partes, la conformidad de la prestación o los riesgos contractuales.
Overview of Hurthle cell carcinoma of thyroid
Authors: Korzeniowski Martin A , Mahmud Aamer , Kirby Angus , Joseph Kurian , Sadikov Evgeny , Tai Patricia
Published: July 2017

The clinical behaviour of Hurthle cell carcinoma (HCC) of the thyroid is variable and there are many controversies in the literature. Here, we summarize an up-to-date review of the literature on genetics, diagnosis (ultrasound scan, fine needle aspiration, frozen section, etc.), and management. At presentation, treatment decision should be made by a multidisciplinary board. Recurrent HCCs are seldom curable despite salvage treatments, which include radioactive iodine ablation, radiofrequency ablation, ethanol ablation, external radiotherapy, and systemic therapy. Further research is needed to develop more efficacious systemic treatments. Currently, lenvatinib, sunitinib, and sorafenib are available. The completed and ongoing clinical trials for HCC are summarized.
Influence of Mechanical Activation on Synthesis of Compounds in the B/C - Mg/Al/Ca System
Authors: Urakaev Farit Kh. , S. Shevchenko Vyacheslav , Boldyrev Vladimir V.
Published: July 2017

The possibility of mechanochemical synthesis and influence of mechanical activation on thermal synthesis of borides and boron carbides of mass-low metals is investigated. The opportunity of mechanochemical synthesis in the mill AGO-2 of such compounds as AlB2 and CaC2B2 is established. Influence of mechanical activation in the mill SPEX 8000 on synthesis of such compound as Mg0.5Al0.5B2 is shown. Mechanical activation also influences on the process of thermal synthesis: compound Mg0.5Al0.5B2 is obtained in the conditions inaccessible to traditional thermal synthesis; formation of compound Mg1-xAlxB2 in literature up to x = 0.4 was established on shifts of reflexes (002) and (110) pure MgB2 aside the large corners; in our case x = 0.5 and as it was necessary to expect shifts of these reflexes exceeds shifts measured in literature only for x ≤ 0.4. Features of synthesis in systems containing metal magnesium are considered. The opportunity of application of crystalline boron for mechanochemical synthesis of borides and boron carbides of mass-low metals is established, that it was not represented probable to make in its ceramic synthesis. We revealed also that thermal analysis in conditions of helium results in crystallization almost all activated samples, and the analysis of received X-ray reflexes unambiguously allows to assert that mechanical activation accelerates synthesis of reaction products in the investigated systems in comparison with the traditional methods of its synthesis.
Computation Vibration Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Complicated Systems
Authors: Khavryutchenko V.
Published: July 2017

Short overview for the computation vibration spectroscopy methodology has been done. The main features of the used methods to compute parameters for complete vibration spectra, including inelastic neutron spectroscopy, infrared and Raman, has been described, too. Matrix method to solve inverted vibration
problem, its limitation and modifications are discussed. All these algorithms are implemented into software called ''COSPECO''.
Catalytic Acetylation of Aromatics with Metal Chlorides and Solid Acids − a Comparative Study
Authors: Wilson Paul , Kaliya Mark L. , Landau Miron V. , Herskowitz Moti
Published: July 2017

Evaluation of catalytic performances of selected metal chlorides such as AlCl3, SnCl4, ZnCl2, FeCl3, InCl3 and GaCl3 with solid acids such as sulfated zirconia, and zeolite beta was accomplished for acetylation of anisole, toluene and naphthalene. Presence of super acidity (Lewis or Bronsted acid) is found to be indispensable for activation of substrates towards acetylation reactions. In addition, presence of redox centers would further complement with the Lewis acid sites rendering catalytic stamina against deactivation. Strength of Lewis acid basically determines the activity of the metal chlorides towards acetylation. Among the Lewis acids investigated, FeCl3, InCl3 and GaCl3 exhibit their catalytic behaviour mostly through redox property as is evident from the conservation of Turn over number even after first cycle. Sulfated zirconia surpasses all the acid catalysts including metal chlorides and exhibits extended catalytic activity in acetylation of anisole. The pre-eminence of sulphated zirconia over other catalytic systems is owing to the synergistic effect of Lewis and Bronsted acidity.
Polyoxometalate Based Organic-Inorganice Nanocomposites
Authors: Shanmugam S. , Viswanathan B. , Varadarajan T.K.
Published: July 2017

The organic-inorganic nanocomposites were synthesized by sol-gel techniques. The constructed film renders photochromism, which can be tuned by choosing suitable polyoxometalates (POM). The molybdenum POMs show better photochromism than the tungsten POMs, which is well correlated with the first reduction potentials and band gap of the POM.
The Use of C2–C5 Hydrocarbons for Production of Gasoline Components
Authors: Zakumbaeva G.D. , Toktabaeva N.Ph. , Kubasheva A.Zh. , Gorbacheva L.V. , Lyashenko A.I. , Chanysheva I.S.
Published: July 2017

A conversion of light hydrocarbons (C2–C5) over HZSM-zeolite-containing catalysts modified by the VA Group metals was studied. The process was carried out in a flow reactor at varying temperature from 350 to 400 °C, pressure – 0.1-0.5 MPa and space velocity – 100-300 hr-1. It was observed that catalysts had high activity in the process of interaction between pentane and ethylene at temperature 350-400 °C and P = 0.1 MPa. The conversion of pentane and ethylene at these conditions over the catalyst P-3 are > 98% and 99-100% respectively. The reaction products are C1–C4 alkanes, C3–C4 alkenes and C5+ hydrocarbons of normal and iso-structure, benzene, ethyl-benzene, xylene, toluene. Maximum yield of C5–C7 alkanes is 91.6% over P-2 and ethyl-benzene is 36.6% over P-3 catalyst observed at mild conditions T = 350 °C and P = 0.1 MPa. Yield of benzene is 1.3-1.4% that meets to environmental requirements. The composition of alkylation gasoline depends on the catalyst nature. Studied zeolite-containing catalysts are polyfunctional and carry out the reactions of dehydrogenation, isomerization, cyclization, alkylation and partly cracking of hydrocarbons by one step. The process scheme is presented.
Unvermeidbares Fremdes in der Sprache und Translation: Der Fehler und seine Typisierung
Authors: Maras Tomasz
Published: July 2017

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Die Sprache der Danziger bei Günter Grass
Authors: Bednarska-Kociołek Joanna
Published: July 2017

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Out of Date. Remarks on the 1951 “Index of Books to be Immediately Excluded”
Authors: Dąbrowicz Elżbieta
Published: July 2017

This article seeks to identify some of the uses of „the index of books to be immediately excluded” issued by the Ministry of Culture and Arts in 1951. At that time, decrees of the sort specified inventories of books permitted to be included on the shelves of Polish. In the process, many books were to be removed for good both from libraries and from native heritage. Addition­ally, the procedure of “purification”, as it was called by the officials, bore significant similarities to the repressive practices of the German and Russian occupants used during WWII. The author argues that analogies were drawn wittingly or impulsively at least for the effectiveness of German and Russian inventions. The 1951 list of books forbidden for the Polish common reader offers their obsolete character as the reason for exclusion. Up to date did not mean “contemporary” but up to the demands of state authorities. Administrative pressure to reflect the political agenda converted books into somewhat fatter newspapers and in this way seriously damaged book, which had always been the important vehicle of national and cultural memory.
Routine But Ribald. Intimacy in Stefan Żeromski’s Journals
Authors: Kościewicz Katarzyna
Published: July 2017

Stefan Żeromski’s Journals concern mostly matters of intellectual (book, theatre, and exhibition reviews, writing techniques) and personal character, with the latter including some very intimate material. Żeromski was an exhibitionist in his writing. He described his autoerotic practices, his visits to brothels, details of sexual relationships with his mistresses, as well as some personal problems of his friends and acquaintances. The present analysis of the writer’s Journals focuses on how Żeromski tended to write about his intimate life, what matters and to what extent were treated as taboo by the author himself, by people from his closest circle, by readers of the manuscript version of his Journals, and finally, by editors and publishers of two 20th-century editions of his work. Taking this perspective, the close reading of Żeromski’s Journals will thus concentrate on issues such as private life, taboo, censorship and self-censorship.
Witkacy’s Amusia
Authors: Bocheński Tomasz
Published: July 2017

Witkacy suffered from amusia as a child and as an adult person. He was seriously interested in music only for a little over twenty years (1890–1914?). He wrote his main works as an amusic. The relation between amusia and metaphysical feelings may suggest that Witkacy wrote dramas and created painting compositions in order to evoke the lost strangeness of being. Amusia could have also been the reason for Witkacy’s ambiguity – he was defending and degrading high art at the same time.
There Will be no Strength. (In)coherence and (Im)potency
Authors: Antoniuk Mateusz
Published: July 2017

In 1949, Czesław Miłosz spent a few days in Wroclaw, which was still in ruins after WWII. Six years later Miłosz wrote an interesting poem entitled Pokój (The Room) and created a symbolical vision of the city. The article discusses the style and meaning of the poem, and compares it with another (earlier) poem by Miłosz entitled In Warsaw, which also referred to a post-WWII, heavily destroyed city. This comparison reveals the convergences and differences between both texts.
Poetic Lithuania of Miłosz
Authors: Berkan-Jabłońska Maria
Published: July 2017

The article deals with the images of Lithuania found in Czesław Miłosz’s poetry. The novels and essays have only been used to confirm the conclusions drawn from the interpretation of selected poems. Despite the frequently-declared unwillingness of the author of Dolina Issy (The Valley of the Issa) to accept and use any autobiographical elements in literature, the land of his childhood has always been present in all the poet’s works. The explanation of this fascination with nostalgia seems to be unsatisfactory. The author of the article perceives the poetic images of Lithuania created by the uprooted immigrant as a symbol of his inner, not purely geographical, settlement. The subject of the discussion is the ever-changing perception of the Eastern-Borderland, which corresponds to particular stages of the protagonist’s journey through life. The starting point is the experience of eviction. It modifies the originally idealized vision of the “little homeland” and makes the hero’s attempt to reject or “amputate” it. The poems from the Światło dzienne (Daylight) collection surprise the reader by a hostile attitude towards the poet’s youth spent in Lithuania and the perception of those early memories as some destructive forces threatening the artist. It is only after a many years’ quest that the borderland heritage is appreciated and conquered again. Now, however, it acquires a different, more symbolic form. The cycle Miasto bez imienia (A Town without a Name) and the poem Gdzie wschodzi słońce i kędy zapada (Where the Sun Rises and Sets) are evidence of a gradual transformation. The faithful recreation in the poet’s memory of particular places and people changes into the construction of some outside religious space, built from the traces of the real world. Lithuania changes into a perfect reality, a Super-Land, capable of retaining the past and combining it with the present. It is a prop freeing the poet from the waste land of Urizen.
Różewicz and Bonhoeffer. On the Margin of the Poem Learning to Walk by Tadeusz Różewicz
Authors: Dakowicz Przemysław
Published: July 2017

The departure point of the analysis presented in this article is a poem written by Tadeusz Różewicz learning to walk (nauka chodzenia). The protagonist of the poem is Dietrich Bonhoeffer, who created the theory of “religionless Christianity”. According to Bonhoeffer, a modern Christian has to immerse himself/herself in the “godless” world so that – in tandem with the Saviour – he/she can be experience the final abandonment. The author of this article tries to prove that the theology of Bonhoeffer had a great impact on Różewicz, making him reconsider his viewpoint on faith. Due to Dietrich Bonhoeffer, the poet also found a solution for a basic contradiction that was explicated in the famous poem entitled Bez (Without): “life without god is possible / life without god is impossible”.
Turystyka w strukturze funkcjonalnej dużego miasta. Przykład Łodzi
Authors: Matczak Andrzej
Published: July 2017

Na podstawie danych o liczbie pracujących, podmiotów gospodarczych i wartości dodanej brutto, Łódź na początku drugiej dekady XXI wieku określono jako miasto o dominującej funkcji usługowej z udziałem przemysłu. Podjęta próba empirycznego określenia miejsca turystyki w strukturze funkcjonalnej Łodzi na podstawie wyżej wymienionych danych, jak również w oparciu o tradycyjne wskaźniki funkcji turystycznej wskazuje na marginalną rolę turystyki w jej strukturze funkcjonalnej.
Evaluation of a Poly(Lactic‐Co‐Glycolic) Acid–Coated β‐Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Substitute for Alveolar Ridge Preservation: Case Series
Authors: Saito Hanae , Shiau Harlan J. , Prasad Hari , Reynolds Mark A.
Published: July 2017

Introduction: β‐Tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) is a synthetic osteoconductive scaffold that is used as an alternative to autogenous bone grafts. The purpose of this case series was to examine the effectiveness of a polymer‐coated β‐TCP particulate graft in preserving alveolar ridge height after tooth extraction. Effectiveness was evaluated using radiographic measurements, together with a histomorphometric evaluation of bone formation.

Case Series: Eight patients, treatment planned for extraction and dental implant placement in the posterior region, were consecutively enrolled in the case series. Study teeth were extracted, and an alloplastic bone substitute, consisting of synthetic β‐TCP granules coated with a biodegradable polymer (i.e., poly[lactic‐co‐glycolic] acid [PLGA]), was placed and adapted into the extraction socket. Patients were recalled at 1, 2, and 4 weeks and 3 months postoperatively to evaluate wound healing and at 4 to 5 months for implant placement. Bone specimens were collected at osteotomy preparation. Healing was uneventful at each graft site. Five sites were available for surgical reentry and implant placement; the sites exhibited ≤10% reduction in radiographic bone height. Histologic evidence of vital bone growth was evident at each grafted site.

Conclusions: The PLGA‐coated β‐TCP bone substitute exhibited good stability and retention after socket grafting. Extraction sites healed with clinical and radiographic evidence of ridge preservation.
Da glória à ruína dos cinemas de rua na cidade de Joinville-SC: Exortações à patrimonialização assentes na decadência e novos usos
Authors: Kalb Christiane Heloisa , Flores Maria Bernardete Ramos
Published: July 2017

Neste estudo busco descrever alguns fatos entre as décadas de 1950 a 1990 que ligam os cinemas de rua existentes em Joinville, especialmente a concorrência entre o Cine Palácio, Cine Colon e Cine Rex, e a partir disso, analiso os motivos ensejadores da decadência desses cinemas. É importante salientar que os usos que se fazem/fizeram desses espaços urbanos vieram se modificando após a guinada industrial que ocorreu na cidade a partir da década de 1950. Por ora, o que se conclui desse estudo é que houve um período de glória dos cinemas de rua, mas que por diversos motivos, especialmente a decadência tecnológica, levou estes espaços de entretenimento e lazer a ruir. Outro motivador foram os novos usos que se fizeram desses espaços, nem sempre consonantes com o desejo dos usuários.
Pusat Batik Banyumasan dengan Pendekatan Kearifan Lokal di Purwokerto
Authors: Safitri Aqmarina , Nugroho Rachmadi , Yuliarso Hari
Published: July 2017

Batik became one of Indonesia’s cultural heritage that should be preserved and cultivated batik is already recognized by the international community (UNESCO) designated as a Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Purwokerto is a batik producer Banyumasan which have tourism potential of batik spreads make travelers less efficient in time to reach the points the location of batik industry. The problems that arise in the design of the center of Batik Banyumasan in Purwokerto is how efforts to plan and design a Banyumasan Batik Center that hostsrelated activities efficient batik tour for tourists. The aim is to meet the container activities related to information and promotion, sales, and production of Banyumasan Batik with the approach of Local Wisdom. Architectural design that fits this batik center planning method using Local Wsdom aspect due to the approach of considering the aspects of Local Wisdom that still exists in the local environment. The concept of a Batik Centre Local Wisdom will apply to wards the building that includes the concept of a zone of space, building orientation, shape and appearance of the building as well as the structure of the building is closely related to the element of local wisdom.

 

Keywords:Batik, Banyumasan Batik, Batik Center, Purwokerto, Local Wisdom.
BANDAR UDARA DENGAN PENDEKATAN WAYFINDING DI PANIMBANG PANDEGLANG BANTEN
Authors: Kusriarti Anggraeni Budi , Setyawan Hadi , Singgih Edi Pramono
Published: July 2017

Abstract : The designing of airport in Panimbang, Pandeglang, Banten is effected by Government plans to build infrastructure for Special Economic Region Tanjung Lesung which is located in Pandeglang Regency. Infrastructure in the form of airport to accomodate the tourists come to the tourism area in Banten especially to Special Economic Area of Tanjung Lesung. The problems that arise in the designing of the airport is how to form building design that is able to accomodate the air transport activities and meet the space requirements for the user in the form of Airport buildings by applying the concept of wayfinding at the building. The purpose of design is to meet the demands of Airport needs, functions, and user character by creating a smooth and easy-to-understand circulation and also provide convenience for the user. Wayfinding concept that is applied is the concept of the district, street concept, connector, and landmarks on the interior and exterior. The concept of planning and designing the form of the design of airport in Panimbang, Pandeglang, Banten, which served as an infrastructure for Special Economic Region Tanjung Lesung in the form of accomodation for air transportation activities that meet the needs of users in which elements of its architecture is able to create a smooth circulation by projecting the surrounding environment and the flow of events.

Keywords: Architecture, Airports, Infrastructure, Circulation, Wayfinding
APLIKASI PRINSIP DESAIN UNIVERSAL PADA SEKOLAH INKLUSI TERPADU DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Dewi Nur Khoiratri , Wahyuwibowo Agung Kumoro , Farkhan Ahmad
Published: July 2017

Abstract: Education is a fundamental need that must be owned by all society level. Today’s education development is one of the results from the education quality improvement. One of the ways to improve the quality itself is by applying the inclusive school. As the contribution to facilitate the same chance in education for disable students, the planning and design for Integrated Inclusive School was created. Integrated Inclusive School was designed in one area considering the fact that Surakarta has not owned yet the Inclusive School in one education area with disable students accommodated (such as blind, low vision, deaf, and physical disability students). The related problem to design is how the form of planning and design concept for Integrated Inclusive School in Surakarta. Besides, the concept could hold inclusive education system to accommodate the need of user by applying the universal design principal. The purpose of Integrated Inclusive School is to accommodate the teaching learning process considering the ability and the activity of disable students by applying universal design. The planning and design of Integrated Inclusive School used Universal Design to support ease, safety, and comfort for everyone without discrimination. The concept of Integrated Inclusive School applied principal universal design which includes the space concept, location and site selection, mass and building appearance. The basic form of building was the dominance of a square shape and mass organizing of building was cluster and centralized circulation system.

 

Keywords : Education, inclusive school, integrated system, universal design.
HowCloud: Round-the-Clock Maths Support
Authors: Hawkes Trevor , Hodds Mark
Published: July 2017

HowCloud is a browser-based platform that offers students support with maths and stats off-campus and out-of-hours. A student submits a question from their computer, tablet or mobile phone. A member of Coventry’s maths & stats support team is alerted and posts an online reply.
Hermeneutics Approach to Communication Between a Child and an Adult in Various Educational Environments
Authors: Vietienė Inesa
Published: July 2017

As economic, social and political conditions are rapidly changing, information and communication technologies are constantly developing, approaches to the child and his education in childhood have also changed in a modern society Child education is based on a mutual dialogue between a child and an adult.The aim of the study is to reveal the hermeneutics of communication between a child and an adult in various educational environments. Objectives of the study: drawing on scientific literature review to define the concept of the hermeneutics of intercultural communication and reveal its manifestation in formal and informal educational environments. Methods of the study: scientific literature review, meta-analysis.Communication is one of the most universal and interesting experiences. From a hermeneutic perspective, communication aims not at disclosing meaning but gaining understanding. The hermeneutics of intercultural communication focuses on the problem of understanding since understanding rather than participating and interacting is of particular importance while interpreting one’s own experiences and perceptions.The family plays an important role in child education, it instils values, attitudes and ideals, develops social competences and skills needed to live in society. Child education is an open dialogue between the child and adult by focusing on the child’s experiences.Nowadays child education in educational institutions is based on the principle of hermeneutics. Hermeneutics creates conditions for child education in a formal environment to be perceived as a multidimensional and unique process from the perspective of various cultures, reveals the diverse experiences of the child and adult, a learner and an educator.
Europos Sąjungos institucijos kaip regioninės tarptautinės visuomenės struktūros dalis
Authors: Isoda Vytautas
Published: July 2017

Akademinėje tarptautinių santykių literatūroje tarptautinių sąveikų Europos žemyne visuma dažnai apibūdinama kaip regioninė tarptautinė visuomenė, t. y. žemesnio nei globalus (regioninio) lygmens socialinė sistema. Sociologiniu požiūriu socialinės sistemos yra sudarytos iš institucionalizuotų praktikų, tarp kurių galima identifikuoti pirmines institucijas, apibrėžiančias ir sukuriančias tipiškus veikėjus ir jiems būdingą veiklą, ir pagal šias institucijas tikslingai sukurtas antrines institucijas. Seniausiai Vestfalijos valstybių sistemai būdingos pirminės tarptautinės institucijos, aptinkamos ir už Europos ribų, yra suverenitetas, teritoriškumas, tarptautinė teisė, diplomatija, galios pusiausvyra, karas ir kt. Naujesnės – tokios kaip žmogaus teisės ar demokratija – inkrementiškai susiformavo XIX–XX a. ir papildė Vestfalijos sistemą.Straipsnio tikslas – identifikuoti, kokios pirminės institucijos susiformavo pokario Europoje kuriantis Europos Bendrijai (šiandien – Europos Sąjunga), ir įvertinti jų dermę su senosiomis Vestfalijos valstybių visuomenės institucijomis. Apžvelgus pagrindines tokių pirminių institucijų kaip viršvalstybiškumas, subsidiarumas, harmonizacija ar mikroregionalizmas praktikas, straipsnio išvadose teigiama, jog naujausios su ES siejamos tarptautinės institucijos pradėjo iš dalies oponuoti vestfališkosioms ir sukūrė naujo tipo tarptautinius veikėjus – tiek viršnacionalinius, tiek subnacionalinius, kuriuos nacionalinės valstybės šiandien de facto jau pripažįsta kaip sau lygius ir tarptautinės teisės, ir diplomatijos, ir tarptautinės prekybos kontekste. Kaip ateityje bus susidorojama su šia institucine įtampa, priklausys ne tik nuo valstybių narių, bet ir nuo nacionalinių valstybių, esančių už Europos ribų, priverstų koegzistuoti su tokiu dariniu kaip ES vis dar didžiąja dalimi vestfališkojo modelio globalioje valstybių visuomenėje.
Effects of Tillage and Irrigation Management on Sugarbeet Production
Authors: Tarkalson David D. , King Bradley A.
Published: July 2017

Core Ideas

Strip tillage and conventional tillage had the same sugar yields under all irrigation levels.

Relationships between water input/use and sugarbeet yields were established.

Sucrose yields were the same under strip tillage and conventional tillage.

Strip tillage reduced runoff and increase water inflitration compared to conventional tillage.

Increased water demands and drought have resulted in a need to determine the impact of tillage and deficit water management practices in irrigated sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) production. This study was conducted over three growing season (2011–2015) at the USDA‐Agricultural Research Service facility in Kimberly, ID, on a Portneuf silt loam soil. Treatments consisted of two tillage treatments (strip tillage [ST] and conventional tillage [CT]) and four water input treatments ranging from 100 to 25% of model calculated crop evapotranspiration [ETc]). Estimated recoverable sucrose (ERS) yield, root yield, and sucrose and brei nitrate concentrations were similar for ST and CT across all water treatments. Strip tillage reduced runoff compared to CT. Across all years, quantitative relationships between both actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa) and water input, and sugarbeet yield and quality variables were developed. Significant positive linear relationships were found between ETa and sugarbeet ERS and root yields (r2 values of 0.84 and 0.91, respectively). Estimated recoverable sucrose and root yields increased at rates of 28.5 kg ha−1 mm−1 ETa and 0.194 Mg ha−1 mm−1 ETa, respectively. Equal yield potential for ST, tillage cost savings, and agronomic and environmental benefits associated with soil surface residue indicates ST can be implemented successfully in sugarbeet production systems. The developed quantitative relationships between both ETa and water input, and sugarbeet yield and quality variables can be used to help understand sugarbeet production under deficit irrigation conditions, which may arise due to water shortage scenarios.
Trend analysis of time series rainfall data using robust statistics
Authors: Paul Arati , Bhowmik Riddhidipa , Chowdary V. M. , Dutta Dibyendu , Sreedhar U. , Sankar H. Ravi
Published: July 2017

A temporal rainfall analysis was carried out for the study area, Rajahmundry city located in lower Godavari basin, India, during the period 1960–2013. Both the parametric and non-parametric approaches were envisaged for identifying the trends at different temporal scales. Linear and robust regression analysis revealed a negative trend at weekly scale during monsoon months, but failed to signify the slope at 95% confidence level. The magnitude of Sen's slope was observed to be negative during the months of April–September. Results of the Mann–Kendall test ascertained the negative rainfall trends during the monsoon months of June and July with a significant trend at 95% confidence interval. Application of robust statistics for long-term rainfall analysis helped to address the outlier's problem in the dataset. The Mann–Kendall test rejected the null hypothesis for all months except February–May and August after exclusion of outliers. Overall, a negative trend during monsoon season and a positive trend during post-monsoon season were observed using a robust non-parametric approach. Further, good correlation was found between the total rainfall and rainy days during the study period. On average, 21.25% days of a year is considered as rainy, while heavy and extreme rainfall in this region together occupies nearly 15% of the rainy days.
Contamination levels and potential sources of organic pollution in an Asian river
Authors: Lin Chitsan , Nguyen Kim Anh , Vu Chi Thanh , Senoro Delia , Villanueva Maria Ching
Published: July 2017

The Houjing River has long been an environmental victim of economic development. Industries that have settled along the bank of this river may have largely contributed to severe organic wastes pollution. This study collected water and sediment samples at various points along the river and measured concentrations of 61 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and 128 semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) for a period of 16 months (Feb 2014–June 2015). Our analyses show that elevated levels of VOCs were observed near two industrial areas, Dashe and Renwu industrial parks. High SVOC concentrations were found in the vicinities of the Nanzih Export Processing Zone (NEPZ) and CingPu station, possibly due to considerable effluent discharges of adjacent industrial and residential areas. Comparing this study's findings with the standard values of different governmental agencies and studies similar to this one, the ecosystem of the Houjing River was seriously contaminated. This study could be used by the government as a basis for future and urgent pollution prevention actions aimed at protecting this ecosystem and reducing the negative impacts of these contaminants on the health and well-being of the local residents and the environment.
PESQUISA PERFIL DA ENFERMAGEM INSTRUMENTO DE DEFESA DA PROFISSÃO
Authors: Mancia Joel Rolim
Published: July 2017

A Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem com apoio das fundações W. K. Kellogg e Rockfeller, ambas dos Estados Unidos e participação da OPAS, em meados da década de cinquenta, realizou o Levantamento de Recursos e Necessidades em Enfermagem no Brasil.
MERCADO DE TRABALHO DA ENFERMAGEM: ASPECTOS GERAIS - DEBATEDOR 1
Authors: Martins Carlos Rinaldo Nogueira , Gomes Antonio Marcos Freire
Published: July 2017

Temos a missão difícil de debater um tema importante como mercado de trabalho na enfermagem, tarefa que se torna mais árdua quando o texto é de lavra de grandes profissionais que atuam na análise dos problemas sociais e políticos brasileiros e cuja competência resta comprovada pelos diversos trabalhos publicados.
Effects of Restaurant Interior Elements on Social Dining Behavior
Authors: Wardono Prabu , Hibino Haruo , Koyama Shinichi
Published: July 2017

Today's customers tend to select eating places to satisfy pleasures through experiential socialization. This study explores how colors, lighting and decor have effects on customers' perceived social, emotional and behavioral intention on social dining occasions. The experimental method is used and 162 senior students are involved. The results show that the restaurant with monochromatic color scheme, dim lighting and plain decor yields a statistically significant difference on the entire dependent variables with almost any other interior conditions observed in romantic dining, as opposed to that in the case of casual dining. Further research on subtler and diverse dimensions of interior elements is suggested to enrich previous findings.
FAKTOR -FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STIGMA TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN HIV DAN AIDS (ODHA)
Authors: Maharani Febrianti
Published: July 2017

Stigma terkait AIDS adalah segala prasangka, penghinaan dan diskriminasi yang ditujukan kepada orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) serta individu, kelompok atau komunitas yang berhubungan dengan ODHA tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan stigma terhadap ODHA di kalangan remaja SMA se Kecamatan Senapelan Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi seluruh siswa-siswi kelas I dan 2 di SMA Se kecamatan Senapelan Kota Pekanbaru dengan jumlah 1701, dengan sampel berjumlah 212 orang. dengan systematic random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi square, multivariat dengan uji regresi logistic ganda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh proporsi remaja yang memiliki stigma berat terhadap ODHA di SMA se Kecamatan Senapelan Kota Pekabaru berjumlah 148 (69,8%), ada hubungan yang signifikan antara Pengetahuan (POR: 2,180; CI 95% ; 1,119-4,250), Persepsi (POR: 2,071; CI 95%: 1,059-4,049), Interaksi dengan ODHA (POR : 3,841; CI 95%: 1,275-11,569) Status ekonomi keluarga (POR: 2,025; CI 95%: 1,068-3,841) dengan terhadap stigma pada ODHA oleh remaja sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan adalah variabel jenis kelamin. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini ada kecenderungan pengetahuan rendah, persepsi negatif, tidak pernah berinteraksi dengan ODHA dan status ekonomi keluarga rendah memiliki stigma berat terhadap ODHA. Saran bagi remaja agar, menambah wawasan tentang HIV/AIDS, aktif dalam organisasi (PIK) Pusat Informasi Konseling Remaja. Bagi sekolah, tenaga kesehatan dan orang tua agar tidak memberikan stigma terhadap ODHA.