bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of agricultural techniques on sunflower infection with diseases on a hybridization plot and in F1 of a hybrid Fakel
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Bushnev A.S. , Kotlyarova I.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Gridnev A.K. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Bushneva N.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: June 2022

In 2019–2021, we studied influence of some agricul-tural techniques on infection of sunflower plants with pathogens of diseases on a hybridization plot and in hybrid progeny. The researches were conducted on leached black soil in the experimental –seed growing farm “Berezanskoe” (Korenovsk district, Krasnodar region). In 2020, we carried out a phytopathological estimation of disease infection of a maternal line VK 678А of a hybrid Fakel under the different agricultural techniques in the hybridization plot. In 2021, we studied sowing qualities of F1 seeds cultivated under the different agricultural techniques, and conducted the phytopathological estimation of vegetating plants of the hybrid Fakel grown at the different seed sowing rates. The purpose of the research is to reveal the effective agricultural techniques aimed on the decrease of the development of disease pathogens on sunflower on the hybridization plots to produce healthy seeds of hybrids on leached black soils of the Western Ciscaucasia as well as in F1 sowings till the economically valuable level. In whole, the studied agricultural techniques influenced positively on quality of cultivated seeds of the sunflower hybrid Fakel. We noted high meanings of the laboratory (94–98%), and field (84–87%) seeds germination in all variants. Application of a complex of fertilizers and integrated chemicals for plant protection on the hybridization plot in F1 progeny under a seed sowing rate of 60,000 pcs/ha caused a decrease of sunflower infection with downy mildew by 1,5 times, and with bacteriosis – by 8%. The biological plant protection and microfertilizers allied on the hybridization plot allow decreasing bacteriosis infection of F1 sunflower plants by 3% under the seed sowing rate of 60,000 pcs/ha, and 13% un-der 80,000 pcs/ha.
Confectionary sunflower variety SPK plus
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Khatnyansky V.I. , Detsyna A.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Illarionova I.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: June 2022

Confectionary sunflower variety SPK plus was developed by a method of the individual selection and the further estimation by progenies, and the directed re-pollination of the best families. Due to the results of the variety trials of 2019–2021, the new variety exceeded the standard variety on yield by 0.29 t per ha, on 1000 seeds weight – the main trait for the confectionary sunflower – by 11.2%. The vegetative period is 98–100 days. The seeds are large, fully formed, 1000 seeds weight at the recommended plant population (30 thousands plants per ha) is equal 155–160 g. the variety is highly resistant to lodging. It is respon-sive to fertilizers and sufficient moistening. In zones of the unstable and insufficient moistening, it is able to realize productivity potential at the high agricultural background. The variety SPK plus is included into the State register of the breeding achievements of the Russian Federation from 2022 and released for production in the Central Chernozem (5), Northern Caucasus (6) Middle Volga (7), and Low Volga (8) regions. The originator of the variety is V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops.
Spring turnip rape variety Medovaya of “000” type
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Bochkaryova E.B. , Gorlova L.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Strelnikov E.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Serdyuk V.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: June 2022

The variety of spring turnip rape Medovaya is developed by a method of multiple individual selections from the variety Zolotistaya of VNIIMK breeding. In a competitive trial, the new variety exceeded the standard variety Zolotistaya by seed yield in average for three years by 0.21 t/ha. The variety Medovaya is distinguished with higher oil content in seeds exceeding the standard one by 0.3%. Also the new variety have low glucosinolate content in seeds – 13.5 µmol/g. Protein content in seeds of the variety Medovaya is similar to the same trait of the standard variety and equal to 23.72%. However, the summarized oil and protein contents in seeds of the new variety is higher by 1.9% comparing to the standard. The seeds of the variety Medovaya have homogenous yellow color. Thousand-seed weight is 3.0 g and is equal to the standard. The fatty-acid composition of oil corresponds to the demands to salad oils of high quality, having erucic acid content of 2.0%. Oil from the seeds of the variety Medovaya has optimal rate of ɷ-9 : ɷ-6 : ɷ-3 for the health human nutrition. A duration of a growing season of the new variety is 77 days; it is not differed of the standard variety. The short growing season allows cultivating spring turnip rape in regions where the other oil crops cannot realize their potential. So this crop can be a possible reserve to complete the resources of highly qualitative oil and fodder protein.
A REFORMA TRABALHISTA SEM FIM: A CONTINUIDADE DA DESCONSTRUÇÃO DOS DIREITOS TRABALHISTAS APÓS 2017 E O RELATÓRIO DO GAET
Authors: Dutra Renata Queiroz
Published: June 2022

Nesse artigo buscou-se mapear a continuidade da reforma trabalhista de 2017 por meio de um apanhado das medidas editadas pelo Executivo entre 2018 e 2021, da atuação do STF sobre o tema no mesmo período, e de uma análise mais detida no conjunto de propostas apresentado pelo GAET – Grupo de Altos Estudos sobre o Trabalho, em novembro de 2021. O objetivo é descortinar não apenas o caráter continuado desse processo, bem como a renovação de argumentos e promessas que, a despeito de descumpridas, continuam animando proposições da mesma natureza, em um cenário de profunda degradação das relações de trabalho no país.
Transplante de medula óssea alogênico para tratamento curativo de anemia falciforme em adolescente
Authors: Silva Isadora Porto Moreira , Salim Thaís Rocha
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar um desfecho favorável, em paciente portador de anemia falciforme, o qual foi beneficiado pelo transplante de medula óssea alogênico, doada por seu irmão. Detalhamento do caso: Trata-se de um paciente, 16 anos, diagnosticado com anemia falciforme aloimunizado, em esquema de transfusão regular por alteração do doppler transcraniano indicando elevado risco de acidente vascular encefálico. Realizou transplante de medula óssea alogênico, com doador irmão Antígeno Leucocitário Humano (HLA) compatível. O transplante decorreu de forma adequada. Paciente evoluiu bem com resolução completa dos sintomas e melhora da qualidade de vida. Considerações finais: Na anemia falciforme os eritrócitos adquirem uma forma de foice, o que os tornam inflexíveis e com meia vida reduzida, isso leva ao aumento de reticulócitos, consequentemente cursa com anemia hemolítica, crises vaso-oclusivas que podem levar a lesão de órgãos alvo transitória ou permanente devido a hipóxia constante. A única abordagem curativa da anemia falciforme é o transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas, os benefícios são o estabelecimento da eritropoiese do receptor, estabilizar ou restaurar as funções de órgãos e evitar a morbimortalidade. Portanto, é importante que seja divulgado na literatura médica o sucesso do tratamento com transplante de medula óssea em pacientes com anemia falciforme.
Pengembangan Mutu Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Non-Formal: Eksplorasi Strategi BKPRMI pada Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an
Authors: Khoirunisaa Ismaidah , Rusman  , Asrori
Published: June 2022

Pentingnya kontribusi sebuah organisasi Islam dalam mendukung kemajuan lembaga pendidikan Islam, baik formal, informal maupun nonformal sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas kegiatan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi BKPRMI (Badan Komunikasi Pemuda dan Remaja Masjid Indonesia) dalam meningkatkan kualitas TKA-TPA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang melibatkan pihak Kementerian Agama Kota Tanah Bumbu, pengurus DPK BKPRI, dan 3 lembaga TKA-TPA. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara dan observasi serta dianalisis menggunakan teknik display data, reduksi data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa strategi yang dilakukan BKPRMI berhasil meningkatkan kualitas TKA-TPA, yaitu memberikan sosialisasi kepada TKA-TPA tentang pengajuan IJOP (Ijin Operasional) dan BOP (Bantuan Operasional Pendidikan) kepada Kementerian Agama, melaksanakan diklat dan standarisasi guru TKA-TPA, mengusulkan dana insentif kepada perangkat desa serta BPJS Ketenagakerjaan untuk guru TKA-TPA, dan melaksanakan munaqosyah dan safari wisuda santri serta FASI (Festival Anak Shaleh Indonesia) tingkat kecamatan. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada pengembangan manajemen lembaga non-formal ditingkatkan di masa yang akan datang.
Konstruksi Citra Negara dan Diplomasi Publik melalui @America di Kalangan Masyarakat Muslim Indonesia
Authors: Samiaji Andis , Bahruddin Muh. , Harry  , Hidayat Endik
Published: June 2022

Citra sebuah negara dalam kancah pergaulan internasional memiliki peran yang sangat penting, terutama dalam menjalankan hubungan baik politik, ekonomi, sosial dan budaya suatu bangsa terhadap bangsa lainnya dan juga terkait dengan kepentingan strategis suatu negara dalam dunia internasional. Sebagai negara adidaya yang memiliki kepentingan strategis di berbagai negara, Amerika Serikat sangat perlu untuk membangun citranya sebaik mungkin demi menjaga stabilitas dan kelancaran kepentingannya di negara lain yang salah satunya adalah Indonesia. Sebagai negara yang menjunjung tinggi kebebasan dan HAM dalam kenyataannya Amerika Serikat dianggap banyak melakukan pelanggaran dalam dua hal tersebut salah satunya adalah kebijakan War on Terrorism yang bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah terorisme paska tragedi 9/11, kebijakan tersebut banyak ditentang masyarakat internasional terutama yang dari negara Islam karena dianggap mendiskriminasi umat Muslim dan juga menelan banyak korban jiwa seperti dalam invasinya ke Irak dan Afghanistan yang sangat banyak menelan korban jiwa. Akibat dari kebijakan tersebut citra AS di Indonesia menurun sehingga kemudian Pemerintah AS membangun pusat kebudayaan pertamanya di dunia yang dibekali dengan teknologi canggih, pusat kebudayaan yang diberi nama @america tersebut diresmikan pada akhir tahun 2010 sebagai salah satu cara AS dalam melakukan diplomasi publik dan menjalankan strategi komunikasinya terhadap masyarakat Indonesia khususnya kaum Muslim sehingga terbentuk citra positif Amerika Serikat
Implementasi Asuransi Syari’ah Berbasis Multi Level Marketing (MLM) dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syari’ah Jasser Auda
Authors: Habib Ismail  , Ahmad Muslimin  , Amin  , Wiwik Damayanti  , M. Anwar Nawawi
Published: June 2022

Fokus topik artikel ini adalah pada aspek filosofis Hukum Islam dalam praktik asuransi syariah berbasis Multi Level Marketing (MLM) dari sudut pandang Maqasid Al-Syari'ah Jasser Auda, dimana asuransi adalah proses dari penanggung yang menyerahkan tanggung jawab kepada tertanggung dalam bentuk takaful. Proses pemasarannya  biasa dilaksanakan dengan prinsip keagenan, namun tidak menutup kemungkinan proses ini bisa menggunakan penjualan langsung berjenjang dengan istilah lain Multi Level Marketing (MLM). Persoalan penting yang kemudian muncul, bagaimana status hukum penanggung pertama kepada penanggung kedua? Persoalan ini akan dipecahkan dengan pendekatan filosofis, dengan mengkaji seluruh proses penjualan jasa asuransi. Penelitian ini merupakan study kepustakaan (library reseach). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa implementasi asuransi syari’ah berbasis Multi Level Marketing (MLM) bisa dilaksanakan dengan dua konsep. Pertama, secara proporsional perusahaan asuransi hanya menyediakan produk asuransi sebagai cending company (upline), kemudian posisi  konsumen lainnya menjadi member (downline) dan seterusnya kebawah. Kedua, diimplementasikan sebagaimana perusahaan jasa reasuransi, dimana perusahaan reasuransi juga mempunyai tata kerja yang bersifat dan lazim berlaku secara internasional, yang meliputi bentuk-bentuk reasuransi dan metode terjadinya reasuransi. 2) Implementasi asuransi syari’ah berbasis Multi level Marketing (MLM) dalam perspektif Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Jasser Auda  bahwa nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam pola pertama dan kedua dalam sistem pemasaran asuransi syari’ah dengan Multi Level Marketing (MLM) tergantung dalam kontrak perjanjian yang di atur antara cending company dengan para member di bawahnya dengan menekankan pada aspek kognitif, Utuh (Wholeness), Openness (Self-Renewal), Interrelated Hierarchy, Multi-dimensionality, Purposefulness.
CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF ABILA PRECAST CONCRETE FOR HOUSING
Authors: Putranto Rizky , Ariyansyah Rona
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research is to arrange the stages of implementation of the ABILA precast concrete construction method to be applied to housing construction so that it can be used as a reference for future development. While the purpose of this research is to arrange the stages of housing construction with ABILA precast panels starting from the precast concrete production stage, transportation or mobilization of materials to the installation process and final completion. Precast concrete can speed up processing time, save costs, and minimize waste for formwork and scaffolding. In the world of construction, any waste of construction material must be reduced or even eliminated. The application of Precast Concrete is very easy, considering its plug and play nature. Besides being easy, precast concrete has quite a lot of applications, especially the Abila Panel which has a function as a building structure, it can also be used as fences, floors and drainage channels. The level of the implementation method for the development of precast concrete technology is divided into several levels between prefabrication, preassembly, and module. The implementation method of building a house with ABILA precast concrete takes 14 days in the field, starting from panel installation to finishing. The construction method includes prefabrication in the workshop, mobilization of panels to the job site, assembly of structural elements, installation of brick walls, installation of roof structures and roof coverings, electrical and mechanical floor work, installation of ventilation doors and windows and paint finishing.
Social aspects of migrants’ adaptation in Russia in the digital economy
Authors: Kazantseva N. V. , Kharchilava G. P.
Published: June 2022

The state, due to its socio-economic nature, must regulate and control the most important social processes. Migration is an important part of these processes, since the attraction of additional labor resources will give a certain impetus to the sustainable development of the country and ensure long-term economic growth. However, the implementation of migration policy is associated with a whole range of problems. The problems of social and digital adaptation of migrants, social and territorial disunity are among them. Added to this is the lack of eﬀective interaction between public authorities and municipalities with civil society institutions, as well as the presence of a clear bias in ensuring equal opportunities in obtaining public services, depending on the level of income, migration status and other factors. The weak role of civil institutions in social and cultural adaptation and the language barrier also exacerbate the situation. The dominance of unskilled personnel in the structure of migration ﬂows aggravates their digital adaptation. The digitalisation of many processes could have a signifcant impact in solving these problems. With its help, an eﬀective institutional environment would gradually form. This article examines the social aspects of migrants’ adaptation in the context of digitalization. In the course of the research, the author conducted a comprehensive analysis, including observations, expert interviews and analysis of regulatory documents. The paper considers various aspects of the adaptation of migrants within the framework of political, socio-economic, psychological, national and demographic problems. As the study showed, in the context of digitalization it is necessary to form a fundamentally new institutional environment in the feld of adaptation of migrants in the host country. A qualitatively diﬀerent regulatory framework, new institutions that harmonize the interests of the state, civil society, business and migrants should become a part of this environment.
Vinylimidazole–based Polymer Electrolytes with Superior Conductivity and Promising Electrochemical Performance for Calcium Batteries
Authors: Pathreeker Shreyas , Hosein Ian D.
Published: June 2022

Calcium batteries are next–generation energy storage technologies with promising techno-economic benefits. However, performance bottlenecks associated to conventional electrolytes with oxygen–based coordination chemistries must be overcome to enable faster cation transport. Here, we report an imidazole–based polymer electrolyte with the highest reported conductivity and promising electrochemical properties. The polymerization of vinylimidazole in the presence of calcium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Ca(TFSI)2) salt creates a gel electrolyte comprising a polyvinyl imidazole (PVIm) host infused with vinylimidazole liquid. Calcium ions effectively coordinate with imidazole groups, and the electrolytes present room temperature conductivities >1 mS/cm. Reversible redox activity in symmetric Ca cells is demonstrated at 2 V overpotentials, stably cycling at 0.1 mA/cm2 and areal capacities of 0.1 mAh/cm2. Softer coordination, polarizability, and closer coordinating site distances of the imidazole groups can explain the enhanced properties. Hence, imidazole is a suitable benchmark chemistry for future design and advancement of polymer electrolytes for calcium batteries.
Data fusion discovery (DAFdiscovery) pipeline to aid compound annotation and bioactive compound discovery across diverse spectral data
Authors: Moreira Borges Ricardo , Neves Costa Fernanda , Oliveira Chagas Fernanda , Magno Teixeira Andrew , Yoon Jaewon , Barczyszyn Weiss Márcio , Manoel Crnkovic Camila , Cesar Pilon Alan , Carius Garrido Bruno , Adriana Betancur Luz , Mateo Forero Tunjano Abel , Castellanos Leonardo , Ramos Freddy , Tallarico Pupo Monica , Kuhn Stefan
Published: June 2022

DAFdiscovery is a pipeline designed to help users combine NMR, MS and bioactivity data in a notebook-based application to accelerate annotation and discovery of bioactive compounds. It applies Statistical Total Correlation (STOCSY) and Statistical HeteroSpectroscopy (SHY) calculation in their data using an easy-to-follow Jupyter Notebook. Different case studies are presented for benchmarking, and the resultant outputs are shown to aid natural products identification and discovery. The goal is to encourage users to acquire MS and NMR data from their samples (in replicated samples and fractions when available) and to explore their variance to highlight MS features, NMR peaks, and bioactivity that might be correlated to accelerate bioactive compound discovery or for annotation-identification studies.
First and Second Sphere Interactions Accelerate Non-Native N-Alkylation Catalysis by the Thermostable, Methanol-Tolerant B12-Dependent Enzyme MtaC
Authors: Kumar Amardeep , Yang Xinhang , Li Jianbin , Lewis Jared
Published: June 2022

During efforts to explore the range of reactions catalyzed by the previously-engineered B12-dependent enzyme CarH*, we found that this enzyme catalyzes N-alkylation of aniline using ethyl diazoacetate but that B12 itself provides only trace conversion for this reaction. This observation suggested that the unique primary and second coordination sphere provided by CarH* accelerates non-native N-alkylation catalysis and that other B12-dependent proteins could provide further improvements in activity. We used a structural homology search to identify the corrinoid protein MtaC, which was reconstituted with B12 to generate a catalyst with significantly-improved aniline N-alkylation activity on a range of substrates. MtaC also displays remarkable thermal stability and organic solvent tolerance, remaining folded even in pure methanol. These results highlight how protein scaffolds can be used to impart new activity and other beneficial properties to metal catalysts and suggest that MtaC could serve as a useful platform for non-native B12 catalysis.
Bond dissociation energies of X−H bonds in proteins
Authors: Treyde Wojtek , Riedmiller Kai , Gräter Frauke
Published: June 2022

Knowledge of reliable X−H bond dissociation energies (X = C, N, O, S) for amino acids in proteins is key for studying the radical chemistry of proteins. X−H bond dissociation energies of model dipeptides were computed using the isodesmic reaction method at the BMK/6-31+G(2df,p) and G4(MP2)-6X levels of theory. The density functional theory values agree well with the composite- level calculations. By this high level of theory, combined with a careful choice of reference compounds and peptide model systems, our work provides a highly valuable data set of bond dissociation energies with unprecedented accuracy and comprehensiveness. It will likely prove useful to predict protein biochemistry involving radicals, e.g., by machine learning.
CoPriNet: Graph Neural Networks provide accurate and rapid compound price prediction for molecule prioritisation.
Authors: Sanchez-Garcia Ruben , Havasi Dávid , Takács Gergely , Robinson Matthew C. , Lee Alpha , von Delft Frank , Deane Charlotte M.
Published: June 2022

Compound availability is a critical property for design prioritization across the drug discovery pipeline. Historically, and despite their multiple limitations, compound-oriented synthetic accessibility scores have been used as proxies for this problem. However, the size of the catalogues of commercially available molecules has dramatically increased over the last decade, redefining the problem of compound accessibility as a matter of budget. In this paper we show that if compound prices are the desired proxy for compound availability, then synthetic accessibility scores are not effective strategies for us in selection. Our approach, CopriNet, is a retrosynthesis-free deep learning model trained on 2D graph representations of compounds alongside their prices extracted from the Mcule catalogue. We show that CoPriNet provides price predictions that correlate far better with actual compound prices than any synthetic accessibility score. Moreover, unlike standard retrosynthesis methods, CoPriNet is rapid, with execution times comparable to popular synthetic accessibility metrics, and thus is suitable for high-throughput experiments including virtual screening and de novo compound generation. While the Mcule catalogue is a proprietary dataset, the CoPriNet source code and the model trained on the proprietary data as well as the fraction of the catalogue (100K compound/prices) used as test dataset have been made publicly available at https://github.com/oxpig/CoPriNet.
RNA-protein complexes and force field polarizability
Authors: Baltrukevich Hanna , Bartos Piia
Published: June 2022

Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations offer a way to study biomolecular interactions and their dynamics at the atomistic level which is not possible with the current experimental methods. There are only a few studies of RNA-protein complexes in MD simulations, and here we wanted to study how force fields differ when simulating RNA-protein complexes. We tested three non-polarizable force fields: Amber protein force fields ff14SB and ff19SB with RNA force field OL3, and the all-atom OPLS4 force field. Due to the highly charged and polar nature of RNA, we also tested the polarizable AMOEBA force field. Our results show that the non-polarizable force fields overestimate the electrostatic interactions between the RNA and the protein which leads to compact and stable complexes. This effect is not seen in the polarizable force field, but it is computationally much more demanding. As a conclusion, all the tested force fields can be used to simulate RNA-protein complexes. If computational resources are not limited or if lengthy simulations are not needed for the studied problem, the polarizable force field AMOEBA is the best choice.
Putative G-quadruplex Formation in the Upstream Region of mTOR Gene
Authors: Dash Jyotirmayee , Fatma Khushnood , Saha Puja , Das Tania
Published: June 2022

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its signaling pathways are highly critical for maintaining cell homeostasis. The mTOR signaling pathway is often hyperactivated in many types of cancers making it an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. The efficacy of current mTOR protein inhibitors in therapy has seen limited success. The search for alternative means of therapy may lie in the regulation of mTOR gene expression using DNA structures. In the current study, we explore and report the presence of a novel G4 structure in the upstream region of mTOR gene. We have demonstrated the G-quadruplex formation in the mTOR G4 region using biophysical experiments. This study paves the way for the design of novel selective DNA G4 binders for mTOR G4 for anticancer therapeutics.
Absence of Relevant Thermal Conversion of Cannabidiol (CBD) to Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in E-Cigarette Vapor and Low-THC Cannabis Smoke
Authors: Hindelang Pascal , Scharinger Andreas , Golombek Patricia , Laible Miriam , Tamosaite Sandra , Walch Stephan G. , Lachenmeier Dirk W.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Recent research claimed that cannabidiol (CBD) in commercial electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) liquids can be converted into psychotropic amounts of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). This study aims to validate this claim by a realistic e-cigarette setup. Additionally, this study also investigates if such a conversion may occur during smoking of CBD-rich cannabis joints. Methods: Two different CBD-liquids were vaporized using two different e-cigarette models, one of which was operated at extreme energy settings (0.2 Ω and 200 W). The smoke of six CBD joints was collected using a rotary smoking machine according to ISO 4387:2019. Analyses were conducted using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry as well as liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: For the condensed e-cigarette liquids, no increase in THC concentration could be observed. For the CBD joints, no formation of THC was provable. The recovered THC concentrations were ranging between 1% and 48% of the THC amount initially contained in the joints before smoking. Conclusions: Using realistic conditions of consumer exposure, relevant conversion of CBD to THC appears not to be occurring. The health risk of CBD liquids for electronic cigarettes as well as low-THC cannabis intended for smoking can be assessed by the concentrations in the source material without need to consider significant changes in psychotropic compounds during use by consumers.
A Stereoselective Photoinduced Cycloisomerization Inspired by Ophiobolin A
Authors: Law James , Callen Daniel , Paola Elena , Gomes Gabe , Frederich James
Published: June 2022

A concise, modular, and stereoselective synthetic entry point to the 5-8-5 carbocyclic core of the ophiobolins is described. This strategy exploits the chiral tertiary alcohol of ophiobolin A to guide assmebly of the 5-8-5 scaffold in a single step via photoinitiated isomerization. Mechanistic insights into the origin of stereocontrol in this reaction are described, as are efforts to elaborate the resultant 5-8-5 polycycle to the pharmacophore of ophiobolin A.
Approach to Hyperkalemia
Authors: Najjar Caroline
Published: June 2022

Hyperkalemia is one of the most common electrolytic disorders encountered in clinical practice. Serum potassium concentration is tightly regulated by cellular transfer via insulin, catecholamines, and acid-base equilibrium and secondarily by the kidney via aldosterone and renal flow. Severe hyperkalemia can result in dangerous and potentially life-threatening manifestations, mainly cardiac in nature. It is therefore crucial for physicians to be able to identify the causes of hyperkalemia and provide appropriate treatment. This approach article provides an overview of potassium homeostasis, diagnostic strategies, and treatment guidelines for patients with mild, moderate, and severe hyperkalemia.
Possibilities of using 3D printing technology in production of aircraft components
Authors:   University of Zilina, Šajbanová Kristína , Čerňan Jozef , Janovec Michal
Published: June 2022

The article provides the reader with a brief overview of the technology of industrial 3D printing used in the manufacturing process of aerospace technology. It includes analyses of the position of 3D printing in the aerospace industry and the forecast of its future development based on the marketing analysis of strengths / weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Many airlines and AMOs (Approved Maintenance Organizations) rely on externally supplied spare parts delivered over long distances. The whole process is expensive and time consuming and means a lost profit for the company. The performed SWOT analysis can therefore ultimately help the AMO manager to re-evaluate their production process in the light of the current innovative and progressive technology of industrial 3D printing.The aim of this work is to point out the existence of innovative 3D printing technology in aerospace production and to emphasize its preferences compared to conventional manufacturing techniques and procedures, thus providing a final perspective on the future of the 3D printing industry and its long-term sustainability
Multi-crew cooperation training manual for air training and education centre
Authors:   University of Zilina, Chodelka Frederik
Published: June 2022

The main goal of the training manual is to create a study material for the theoretical and practical part of the multi-crew cooperation training course, which is provided by the Air Training and Education Centre of the University of Žilina since 2007. At the same time, the purpose of the training manual will be to contribute to the quality of education, streamlining the multi-crew cooperation training course and to provide a comprehensive study material for pilots in training that reflects on the changes made from 2007 to the present. The reason which stimulated the elaboration of the training manual is mainly the already existing study material which has now proved to be outdated and insufficient for the needs of the training course. The training manual will reflect the legislative changes made, the modifications to the flight and navigation procedures trainer and some training elements, which are currently emphasized in the training process and will meet all the currently required criteria. The content of training manual which is based on valid and effective regulations, on the airplane flight manual of Beechcraft Super King Air B200 / B200C, inspired by internal operation manuals of the airline operators, internal manuals of the Air Training and Education Centre and is also based on the already existing study material. At the same time, it will be possible to implement some parts of the training manual into the internal manuals of the Air Training and Education Centre. Expected date of issue of training manual is May 2022.
Analysis of the earth's surface influence on the accuracy of non directional beacon in mountain terrain
Authors:   University of Zilina, Novák Andrej , Novák Sedláčková Alena , Lusiak Tomasz , Stelmach Anna
Published: June 2022

This paper deals with the measuring and checking of the Non Directional Beacon using flying laboratory AeroLab 1 at University of Zilina. It is based on the most simple radio navigation concept: a ground-based radio transmitter (the NDB) sends an omnidirectional signal that an aircraft loop antenna receives. Our practical measurement shows that the NDB satisfies ICAO standards and can be used in industrial part of urban area and is functional in spite of the interference. The paper concentrates on the measuring of the Non Directional Beacon (NDB) which is installed close to industrial part of the city. The ADF/NDB navigation system is one of the oldest air navigation system still in use today. One of the paper's goals is to familiarize the aviation public with the practical measurement of this urban area phenomenon in terms of flight safety, which is common in mountainous nations such as Slovakia. The article's other purpose is to educate professionals in the area about this occurrence in terms of its nature as a physical rule, in order to develop solutions to improve the navigation system's measurement accuracy.
A collaborative approach to Monitoring and Evaluating the Impact of Agricultural Projects on Nutrition
Authors: Levinson F. James , Herforth Anna
Published: June 2022

The monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of agricultural projects for their impact on household food insecurity and nutrition is important, given the paucity of data documenting successes and failures in such projects, and because of the need to rapidly address possible adverse effects in such projects. Recognizing, however, the lack of capacity and/or reluctance of some agriculture project managers and planners to incorporate nutrition in their management information systems, a feasible alternative approach is needed, one capable of meeting agriculture-nutrition M&E objectives without encumbering project managers. To help overcome this, external teams of skilled individuals could carry out M&E for food security and nutrition. Baseline and monitoring data should indicate (a) the extent to which households and individuals within households have been reached by the project, (b) household food insecurity levels, dietary quality, and/or market-level indicators of food availability and prices, (c) women’s empowerment, (d) the health and sanitation environment, and (e) where appropriate, nutritional status. Additional data of primary interest to project managers also would be collected. Although ownership of nutrition issues in the field of agriculture is desirable in the long term, this approach offers a short-term means of assessing and learning from the nutrition effects of these agriculture projects in the immediate term. This is particularly important in the current environment of increasing interest in improving nutrition impact from such projects.
Algorithm Contest of Calibration-free Motor Imagery BCI in the BCI Controlled Robot Contest in World Robot Contest 2021: A survey
Authors: Luo Jing , Mao Qi , Wang Yaojie , Shi Zhenghao , Hei Xinhong
Published: June 2022

Objective:

From September 10 to 13, 2021, the finals of the BCI Controlled Robot Contest in World Robot Contest 2021 were held in Beijing, China. Eleven teams participated in the Algorithm Contest of Calibration-free Motor Imagery BCI. The participants employed both traditional electroencephalograph (EEG) analysis methods and deep learning-based methods in the contest. In this paper, we reviewed the algorithms utilized by the participants, extracted the trends and highlighted interesting approaches from these methods to inform future contests and research recommendations.

Method:

First, we analyzed the algorithms in separate steps, including EEG channel and signal segment setup, prepossessing technology, and classification model. Then, we emphasized the highlights of each algorithm. Finally, we compared the competition algorithm with the SOTA algorithm.

Results:

The algorithm employed in the finals performed better than that of the SOTA algorithm. During the final stage of the contest, four of the top five teams used convolutional neural network models, suggesting that with the rapid development of deep learning, convolutional neural network-based models have been the most popular methods in the field of motor imagery BCI.
Secrecy Rate Region Enhancement in Multiple Access Wiretap Channel
Authors: Shah Shahid Mehraj
Published: June 2022

It is commonly known that physical layer security is achieved with a trade-off in terms of the achievable rate. Hence, security constraints generate rate losses in wiretap channels. To mitigate such rate losses in multi-user channels, we propose a coding/decoding scheme for multi-user multiple access wiretap channel (MAC-WT), where previously transmitted messages are used as a secret key to enhance the secrecy rates of the transmitting users, until the usual Shannon capacity region of a multiple access channel (MAC) is achieved without the secrecy constraint. With this coding scheme, all messages transmitted in the recent past are secure with respect to all the information of the eavesdropper till now. To achieve this goal, we introduce secret key buffers at both the users and the legitimate receiver. Finally, we consider a fading MAC-WT and show that with this coding/decoding scheme, we can achieve the capacity region of a fading MAC channel (in the ergodic sense).
Analysis of amino acids in food using High Performance Liquid
Chromatography with derivatization techniques: a review
Authors: Lestari L.A. , Rohman A. , Riswahyuli  , Purwaningsih S. , Kurniawati F. , Irnawati
Published: June 2022

Amino acids (AAs) are essential components needed for human health. AAs are typically
present as free or bound into protein backbones. Determination of AAs is important to
evaluate the nutritional value of protein-containing foods and to authenticate food
products from any adulteration practice. Due to its capability to provide the separation
capacity, chromatographic-based methods are considered the method of choice for the
analysis of AAs. The common detectors used for the analysis of food components are
specific detectors including UV-Vis and fluorescence. Unfortunately, most AAs are nonchromophoric or fluorescence compounds, as a consequence, some derivatization
processes are needed using derivatizing agents to make AAs detectable using UV-Vis or
fluorescence detectors. This review highlighted the use of HPLC for the analysis of AAs
in food products by applying pre-column and post-column derivatization techniques to be
detectable by UV-Vis or fluorescence detectors.
Comparative study of nutritional and functional characteristics of pearl millet,
buckwheat, amaranth and unripe banana flours for gluten-free bakery products
Authors: Rustagi S. , Khan S. , Jain T.
Published: June 2022

Suburbanization and changes in societal habits have led to a paradigm shift towards
products that are nutritionally rich and therapeutic. However, the indispensable wheat
flour in the bakery industry is also a trigger for gluten-related disorders. The present
research focused on the characterization of nutritional and functional properties of glutenfree cereals-pearl millet, buckwheat, amaranth and unripe banana flours in comparison
with wheat flour. The data were evaluated using analysis of variance and the difference
between specific pair of means was compared using Duncan’s multiple range test at a 95%
confidence interval. Pearson correlation analysed the interaction amongst derived
parameters. The results were significantly different (p<0.05) except for oil-absorbing
capacity. The gluten-free flours reported higher protein (15.55% for amaranth),
carbohydrates (82.69% for unripe banana) and energy content (384.72 kcal/g for pearl
millet) compared to wheat flour whereas the moisture (6.26% for pearl millet) and fat
content (0.98% for unripe banana) were lower. Amaranth had the highest water holding
capacity and foam capacity (3.86 mL/g and 26.62% respectively) but the lowest foam
stability (89.20%). Pearson correlation showed significant relations among functional
properties and food components. Oil-absorbing capacity was found to be positively
correlated to protein and negatively to carbohydrates and foam stability. The foam
capacity was strongly correlated with different food components. The protein-rich and
high energy gluten-free flours along with their functional properties can aid in the
development of composite flour and fill the gap in the demand-supply of the therapeutic
gluten-free diet.
Traffic Assessment And Optimization at Signalized Intersections: A Review Study
Authors: Hasan Jiman , Hussein Nasreen
Published: June 2022

Abstract Signalized intersections are critical elements of the highway system, thus improving the attitude of these intersections significantly influences the overall operating performance of the highways in respect of delay and level of service (LOS). Reduction in capacity and increase in delay at signalized intersections could be a reflection of poor signal timing as well as inadequate road geometry variables. A better comprehension of the reasons that affect signalized intersections performance can be useful in reducing delay and improving the LOS. This study aims toreview some of thepublished works on the evaluation of traffic operation at signalized intersections using both Highway Capacity Manual 2010 (HCM 2010) and several optimization software. Different approaches were used to identify the main input data (traffic volume data, geometric characteristics, and signal timing) required for the HCM and different optimization proposals including video recording technique and field survey. The outcomes of thepublished investigations indicated to improve the operational performance of these intersections including cycle length, adding lanes, creating overpass, prohibiting approach traffic from the intersection, and a combination of some proposals.The research also seeks to add tothis review the limitations of using different software suchas SYNCHRO, CORSIM, HCS, SIDRAand the considerable variability of delays and LOS using these software’s so that it may be updated for future experimental and simulation investigations on signalized intersections
Prevalence and determinants of normal, high-normal and high blood pressure and association with cardiovascular risk in Egypt
Authors: Fares Samar , Soliman Saeed
Published: June 2022

Background: High-normal blood pressure (HNBP) has become associated with a 2–3-fold increase in the risk of developing hypertension. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are independently linked to HNBP. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of HNBP, its predictors, and association with CVD risk among a country-representative sample of Egyptian adults. Methods: This study draws on data from the most recent Egyptian Health Issues Survey, and includes 13 983 adults aged 18–59 years. Sociodemographic data and anthropometric and blood pressure (BP) measurements were obtained, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk score was calculated using World Health Organization CVD risk charts for participants aged ≥ 40 years. Results: Overall, 15.31% and 21.0% of the study population had HNBP and hypertension, respectively. Compared to people aged 18–30 years, the odds of HNBP were 1.36, 1.67 and 2.39 among those aged 31–40, 41–50 and 51–59 years, respectively. The odds of HNBP were higher among male, overweight and obese adults, and patients with diabetes. The odds of HNBP and hypertension were higher among participants with high WHO CVD risk than those with low WHO CVD risk. Conclusion: HNBP is an alarming risk factor among Egyptian adults because it is strongly associated with CVD risk. Policy-makers should devise long-term, effective strategies for its prevention and control.
The Factors Influencing the Use of Password Managers
Authors: Alshahrani Hussain , Alghamdi Abdulrahman
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates the factors that influence the actual use of password managers. In this paper, we have integrated some factors from the Technology Acceptance Model (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude) with other factors from the literature review (user readiness, awareness, and motivation) to investigate the influence of these factors on the use of password managers. The authors used an online questionnaire to collect data. The questionnaire was distributed by using two social media platforms (Twitter and WhatsApp). There were 171 participants from 6 countries who completed the questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was employed by using SmartPLS-3 software to analyse the data. Findings indicate that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and user readiness have a positive impact and are substantially associated with attitude, thus influencing the actual use of password managers. Likewise, perceived usefulness, user readiness, and awareness have a positive impact and are significantly associated with motivation of users to use it, which also influences the actual use of password managers.
Spoofing Attack Mitigation in Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and DDoS in Software-Defined Networking
Authors: Jamil Harun , Ali Abid , Jamil Faisal
Published: June 2022

Software Defined Networking (SDN) shows network operations to be performed for efficient network operations. Due to the increase in network devices, the percentage of attacks is also increased, and it is  challenging to provide defense against such attacks. In SDN, the control plan is separated from the data plane. The control plan is implemented using some central devices called SDN controllers. In SDN Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), spoofing and Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attacks are carried out on an enormous scale. These are commonly launched attacks in SDN. Due to these attacks, the network performance is down, and network services are dead. This paper proposed a new auto detection methodology to detect ARP and DDoS attacks and mitigate SDN networks from these attacks.

Additionally, we implemented two algorithms: one for flow rules and the second for attack detection. An individual server was installed to check the malicious traffic installation. We present the new forward flooding rules to detect and mitigate attacks. The experiments are performed using LINUX-based network implementation. Our proposal successfully improves network security and enhances network efficiency.
Onboard CO2 Capture Process Design using Rigorous Rate-based Model
Authors: Jung Jongyeon , Seo Yutaek
Published: June 2022

The IMO has decided to proceed with the early introduction of EEDI Phase 3, a CO2 emission regulation to prevent global warming. Measures to reduce CO2 emissions for ships that can be applied immediately are required to achieve CO2 reduction. We set six different CO2 emission scenarios according to the type of ship and fuel, and designed a monoethanolamine-based CO2 capture process for ships using a rate-based model of Aspen Plus v10. The simulation model using Aspen Plus was validated using pilot plant operation data. A ship inevitably tilts during operation, and the performance of a tilted column decreases as its height increases. When configuring the conventional CO2 capture process, we considered that the required column heights were so high that performance degradation was unavoidable when the process was implemented on a ship. We applied a parallel column concept to lower the column height and to enable easy installation and operation on a ship. Simulations of the parallel column confirmed that the required column height was lowered to less than 3 TEU (7.8 m).