bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Water Quality Using Benthic Macroinvertebrate Along Sumber Maron River, District of Gondanglegi Kulon, East Java-Malang, Indonesia
Authors:   Postgraduate School, University of Brawijaya, Tawati Faiza , Risjani Yenny , Djati M Sasmito , Yanuwiadi Bagyo
Published: November 2020

Human activities such as agriculture, swimming, livestock, public washing, and the use of latrines around the river are considered as major causes of damage to the river ecosystem, affecting the growth of Macroinvertebrate, and thus assessing the condition of the river. This study aimed to study the composition of Macroinvertebrate and the quality of water health in Sumber Maron River, in the village of Gondanglegi. This research was conducted from March to April 2018. The method used in this research was the quantitative method using primary data. Research stations were identified by considering land-use in nine regions. The sampling technique of total macroinvertebrates was the kicking technique using the manual mesh with a 500 µm applied to the submerged solid substrates. The data were analyzed using a BMWP Index and interpreted by calculating the Average Scores Per Taxon (ASPT). The result of this research represented that there were 20 taxa of macroinvertebrates, which consisted of It belongs to 8 orders (Trichoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Tricladida, Decapoda, Odonata, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera) and four class (Oligochaeta, Hirudinea, Gastropoda, Crustacea). Generally, the lowest taxa groups found in the station A1 (3 taxa), which were the agriculture and toilet (recreation area). Meanwhile, the highest taxa groups were found in station B3, which was the recreation area, by a total of 14 taxa. Macroinvertebrate with the lowest abundance was Gerridae at station A3, which respectively had the number of 1 ind.5m-2. Macroinvertebrate with the highest abundance was Baetidae at the station B3, which is the recreation area, by the number of 549 ind.5m-2. The result of modified BMWP – ASPT analysis showed a value of 3.3 – 5.75, which indicated that the condition of Sumber Maron River was ranging from bad to excellent category. The bad water condition was found in the agriculture and toilet (recreation area), whereas the excellent water condition was found in the swimming pool (recreation area). Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that environmental variables were significant for an explanation of the variance in the family.
Physicochemical Characteristics and Consumer Acceptance of Bagged Indonesian Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Formulated with Cinnamon Bark (Cinnamomum burmannii) and Lemon (Citrus limon) Peel
Authors: Kirana Adinda , Sunarharum Wenny Bekti
Published: November 2020

Green tea is a popular functional beverage mostly due to its high antioxidant activity. However, based on preliminary study, the taste such as its bitterness and flavour were somehow disliked by Indonesian consumers, and therefore formulation with other materials such as the addition of cinnamon and lemon peel may bring an advantage.This research was aimed to study the effect of formulation of bagged Indonesian green tea with cinnamon and lemon peel to the physicochemical characteristics of the tea and its consumer acceptance. Evaluation on the effect of different steeping time while brewing those tea formulas was also reported. The formula being investigated was F1, F2, and F3 with green tea: cinnamon: lemon peel at the ratio of 70:15:15, 70:12:18, and 70:9:21, respectively.Tea brewing was performed at 100°C, followed by a steeping time (L) at 1, 3, and 5 minutes. The results indicated that the addition of more cinnamon and longer steeping time had increased total phenol and antioxidant activity of the brewed tea. Based on the consumer acceptance test, the formula ofgreen tea: cinnamon:lemon peel at 70:15:15 along with 3 minutes steeping time, was generally scored highest for degree of liking but the ratio of 70:12:18 was the most accepted or preferred for aroma.The best treatment was achieved on the ratio of green tea:cinnamon:lemon peel = 70:12:18, under 5 minutes steeping time. The best treatment provided a pH of 5.13, lightness (L*) at 44.93, redness(a*) at -2.50, yellowness (b*) at 16.93, total phenol of 59.82 mgGAE.g-1, and IC50 of 59.39 ppm.
Amplifying Domain Expertise in Clinical Data Pipelines
Authors: Rahman Protiva , Nandi Arnab , Hebert Courtney
Published: November 2020

Digitization of health records has allowed the health care domain to adopt data-driven algorithms for decision support. There are multiple people involved in this process: a data engineer who processes and restructures the data, a data scientist who develops statistical models, and a domain expert who informs the design of the data pipeline and consumes its results for decision support. Although there are multiple data interaction tools for data scientists, few exist to allow domain experts to interact with data meaningfully. Designing systems for domain experts requires careful thought because they have different needs and characteristics from other end users. There should be an increased emphasis on the system to optimize the experts’ interaction by directing them to high-impact data tasks and reducing the total task completion time. We refer to this optimization as amplifying domain expertise. Although there is active research in making machine learning models more explainable and usable, it focuses on the final outputs of the model. However, in the clinical domain, expert involvement is needed at every pipeline step: curation, cleaning, and analysis. To this end, we review literature from the database, human-computer information, and visualization communities to demonstrate the challenges and solutions at each of the data pipeline stages. Next, we present a taxonomy of expertise amplification, which can be applied when building systems for domain experts. This includes summarization, guidance, interaction, and acceleration. Finally, we demonstrate the use of our taxonomy with a case study.
Early Perceptions of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps in German-Speaking Countries: Comparative Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zimmermann Bettina Maria , Fiske Amelia , Prainsack Barbara , Hangel Nora , McLennan Stuart , Buyx Alena
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

The main German-speaking countries (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland) have implemented digital contact tracing apps to assist the authorities with COVID-19 containment strategies. Low user rates for these apps can affect contact tracing and, thus, its usefulness in controlling the spread of the novel coronavirus.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the early perceptions of people living in the German-speaking countries and compare them with the frames portrayed in the newspapers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We conducted qualitative interviews with 159 participants of the SolPan project. Of those, 110 participants discussed contact tracing apps and were included in this study. We analyzed articles regarding contact tracing apps from 12 newspapers in the German-speaking countries.

RESULTS

Study participants perceived and newspaper coverage in all German-speaking countries framed contact tracing apps as governmental surveillance tools and embedded them in a broader context of technological surveillance. Participants identified trust in authorities, respect of individual privacy, voluntariness, and temporary use of contact tracing apps as prerequisites for democratic compatibility. Newspapers commonly referenced the use of such apps in Asian countries, emphasizing the differences in privacy regulation among these countries.

CONCLUSIONS

The uptake of digital contact tracing apps in German-speaking countries may be undermined due to privacy risks that are not compensated by potential benefits and are rooted in a deeper skepticism towards digital tools. When authorities plan to implement new digital tools and practices in the future, they should be very transparent and proactive in communicating their objectives and the role of the technology—and how it differs from other, possibly similar, tools. It is also important to publicly address ethical, legal, and social issues related to such technologies prior to their launch.
A Qualitative Exploration of Connectedness During COVID-19: Faculty Perceptions Toward Communication, Collaboration, and a Sense of Community While Teleworking
Authors: Romanuck Murphy Cammy D.
Published: November 2020

The transition from face-to-face education to a primarily teleworking atmosphere following the Spring 2020 onset of COVID-19 left many faculty members floundering, struggling to effectively utilize online learning and communication platforms; to feel connected; and to continue accessing collaboration and professional development opportunities. This qualitative phenomenology study is one of the first in-depth qualitative reviews to explore faculty’s perceptions toward connectedness since teleworking as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted during the Spring and Summer semesters of 2020, when the initial spread of COVID-19 occurred, forcing professionals and students alike to stay home to learn and work. The participants in this study included 11 full-time faculty from two universities in the United States who taught primarily face-to-face classes prior to COVID-19 and began teleworking as a result of the pandemic. The findings suggested faculty faced a slew of challenges related to communication, collaboration, and a sense of community while teleworking as a result of COVID-19, including ineffective communication, technology and access challenges, a lack of time and training, and feelings of disconnect. Participants also outlined strategies they believed to be effective to support connectedness while teleworking, such as video conferencing, regular communication, and enhanced collaboration opportunities. Given the volatile nature of COVID-19 and its implications for higher education institutions, it is highly likely that issues relating to connectedness while teleworking will remain relevant for the foreseeable future. Faculty and postsecondary administrators may use the findings from this study to guide discussions about whether their efforts to enhance overall perceptions of connectedness and faculty satisfaction have been successful, or whether efforts need to be revisited, revised, or enhanced.
Carrera Ceremonial en Honor a Cuauhtémoc, de Ciudad de México a Ixcateopan, Guerrero
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Pérez Flores Edith , Arizpe Lourdes
Published: November 2020

Cada año, del 20 al 23 de febrero, se realiza la Carrera Ceremonial en Honor a Cuauhtémoc. Su origen se remonta a la década de los noventa, cuando un grupo de jóvenes danzantes llevó a Ixcateopan (donde yacen los restos de Cuauhtémoc) los bastones de mando, el del Cóndor del Sur y el del Águila del Norte. Se reunieron en Teotihuacán el 12 de octubre de 1992, durante la primera Carrera Continental de Jornadas de Paz y Dignidad realizada por pueblos indígenas de todo el continente para conmemorar los quinientos años de resistencia a la invasión española. Este libro narra la travesía en su edición de 2015 a la vez que reflexiona sobre el significado del evento para sus protagonistas y el papel de la figura del huey tlatoani, Cuauhtémoc, en el simbolismo de toda una cultura.
Ciudad Juárez, Medellín, Río de Janeiro: ¿paradigmas de violencia criminal y de resiliencia social?
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tapia Uribe Medardo
Published: November 2020

Este libro estudia el problema de la violencia y el crimen en Latinoamérica haciendo una comparación histórica de los procesos de acumulación social de la violencia en tres ciudades paradigmáticas de estos fenómenos entre 1980 y 2016: Ciudad Juárez, México, Medellín, Colombia, y Río de Janeiro, Brasil, para responder a dos preguntas: ¿Cómo se acumula social y culturalmente la violencia delictiva mediante el tráfico de mercancías ilícitas y el tráfico de mercancías políticas? Y ¿cómo actúa el Estado y la sociedad civil para romper estos procesos y matrices sociales y culturales de acumulación de la violencia, para resistir y transformarlas en procesos de resiliencia que renueven instituciones políticas y a la propia sociedad dentro de esa cultura de ilegalidad, corrupción y violencia? Hacemos este análisis a partir de las rupturas de estos procesos de acumulación. Estas ciudades y sus países presentaban momentos críticos de legitimidad en su desarrollo y en la manifestación de la violencia, aunque no podamos ni nos propongamos establecer una relación causal entre la debilidad del Estado en diversas instancias y su cooptación, y la utilización de la violencia por la delincuencia organizada. Aborda también las aportaciones a la resistencia y resiliencia que han hecho las organizaciones ciudadanas de las tres ciudades.
Economía creativa en las ciudades de México. Un estudio sobre la presencia y vinculaciones de las industrias-ocupaciones creativas y culturales en el Sistema Urbano de México
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Valdivia López Marcos , Quintana Romero Luis , Mendoza González Miguel Ángel , Rodríguez Luna Isabel
Published: November 2020

La economía creativa se ha convertido en una de las fuentes más relevantes de crecimiento en múltiples y diversas ciudades del orbe. Conocer los impactos y las cadenas de valor que este sector de la economía genera, será central para entender las potencialidades y retos de crecimiento que las ciudades mexicanas enfrentarán en el futuro inmediato. Este libro estudia las vinculaciones que las industrias y ocupaciones creativas desarrollan en el sistema urbano de México. Se analiza la economía creativa en cinco segmentos, que son el Arte, Servicios creativos, Software, I&D y Entretenimiento, y se estiman las interacciones económicas que desarrollan entre sí y con el resto de las actividades en las ciudades de México, del 2003 a la fecha. Los impactos y vinculaciones se estiman a través de técnicas estadísticas y modelos económicos apropiados para tales fines. Los resultados muestran que las vinculaciones de la economía creativa son heterogéneas a lo largo de las ciudades y que no están libres de tensiones regionales. La liberalización económica a través del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN, ahora T-MEC, Tratado entre México, Estados Unidos y Canadá), el turismo y el dinamismo de ciudades medias son algunos de los factores clave que explican el crisol de emergencia y consolidación de la economía creativa a lo largo del sistema urbano mexicano.
DETEKSICEMARAN BAKTERIOLOGIS DAN LOGAM BERAT DAGING LANGKITANG (Faunus ater)
Authors:   STKI{ PGRI sumatera barat, Hidayat yosmed , Amri Erismar
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the level of bacteriological contamination and heavy metal lead (Pb) in langkitang (Faunus ater) meat. The sample were taken randomly as 15 samples from traders. Examination of microbial contamination in meat used a serial dilution method Most Probable Number (MPN) consisting of the presumptive test, confirmed test, and completed test. Measurement of Lead Heavy Metal (Pb) content used Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The result of bacteriological testing of the MPN/ 100 ml sample showed that the tested Langkitang meat contained contaminating bacteria for each sample tested, and Lead metal was also detected, some of which had values that exceeded the threshold. Based on the results of the analysis, the langkitang meat has a microbial and lead metal contamination content that exceeds the health threshold so that it takes proper processing before the meat is consumed
MALDI-TOF based Proteomics Analysis of Breast Cancer in Clinical Pathology: A Valuable Tool for Biomarker Identification
Authors:   Department of Pathology/Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, Patna–851507, Bihar, India, Kumar Aniket , Ghosh Ashis Kumar ,   Department of Biochemistry, Patna University, Patna–800005, Bihar, India, Bharti Sudhanshu Kumar ,   Department of Biochemistry, Patna University, Patna–800005, Bihar, India, Kumari Manisha ,   Department of Pathology/Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, Patna–851507, Bihar, India, Kumar Ranjit ,   Mahavir Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Patna–801505, Bihar, India, Pajwani Ghanish ,   Mahavir Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Patna–801505, Bihar, India, Rajra Avinash ,   Mahavir Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Patna–801505, Bihar, India
Published: November 2020

This study analyse the performance of tissue-based proteomics for early diagnosis of breast cancer for reducing its risk by identifying the causal factors. Breast cancer was induced by 7, 12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in female albino mice followed by blood and tissue sample collection for biochemical and histological analysis. Total protein was isolated and quantified and peptides were detected by SDS-PAGE. For proteomics analysis and generation of peptide peaks, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight-Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS) was used and identification of unknown molecular weight was done by Mascot Server. DMBA induced tumor weighing 8.96± 0.90 g with a volume of 3.24± 0.65 cm3 was observed compared to no growth of controlled mice. Biochemical parameters like lipid peroxide (malonaldehyde), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-a), enzymatic antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, GPx and vitamin C and E) were found significantly increased. Further, MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy generated unique peaks with molecular weight 2061.7961, 2064.968 and 2067.0154 with their respective peptide sequences. Computational analysis with mascot server identified unique signature metabolites of breast cancer. Therefore, this study safely submit that proteomic technologies can be employed to identify breast cancer protein patterns offering better diagnostic possibilities in the form of effective markers for early disease diagnosis.
Browser Security Attacks and Detection Techniques: A Case of Tabnabbing
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Naipunnya Institute of Management and Information Technology, Pongam, Kerala–680 308 (India), Sarika Dr. S.
Published: November 2020

Phishing is a malicious and deliberate act of sending counterfeit messages or mimicking a webpage. The goal is either to steal sensitive credentials like login information and credit card details or to install malware on a victim’s machine. Browser-based cyber threats have become one of the biggest concerns in networked architectures. The most prolific form of browser attack is tabnabbing which happens in inactive browser tabs. In a tabnabbing attack, a fake page disguises itself as a genuine page to steal data. This paper presents a multi agent based tabnabbing detection technique. The method detects heuristic changes in a webpage when a tabnabbing attack happens and give a warning to the user. Experimental results show that the method performs better when compared with state of the art tabnabbing detection techniques.
Multi Criteria Decision Making Approach and Clustering Technique for Dam Site Selection
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Mizoram University, Aizawl–796004, liana Lalhming , Nath Amitabha ,   Department of Information Technology, N.E.H.U, Shillong, Meghalaya–793022, Bhaskara Rao Ch. Udaya ,   Department of Geography and Resource Management, Mizoram University, Aizawl–796004, Saha Goutam ,   Department of Information Technology, N.E.H.U, Shillong, Meghalaya–793022
Published: November 2020

Identification of dam sites is a strategic priority in water management scheme to preserve and conserve water. The selection of such sites relies on a number of biophysical as well as socio-economic factors. Clustering technique and several Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach such as Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) provides valuable tools in the selection of suitable dam sites. This paper presents the application of TOPSIS and k-means clustering technique in the selection of dam site. We have used four criteria in selecting the dam site which were found to be influential criteria in such a problem through literature survey. Eight potential dam sites were selected in Tlawng watershed based on expert opinion and applied TOPSIS and k-means clustering methods to obtain the most ideal solution out of the eight potential dam sites. The computational time of TOPSIS in finding the ideal solution has been reduced when combined with k-means clustering method.
In Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Molecular Docking Studies of Fosphenytoin and Regadenoson Impurities
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu–608 002, India, Sathiyanarayanan S. , Venkatesan C.S. ,   Gland Pharma Ltd, Research and Development, D.P. Pally, Hyderabad–500 043, India, Kabilan S. ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu–608 002, India
Published: November 2020

Regadenoson and Fosphenytoin are USFDA approved drugs which is used for coronary vasodilator and convulsive status epileptics respectively. It is quite natural that low levels of reagents or side products are present in the final active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or drug product as impurities. Such impurities may have unwanted toxicities, including genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Hence, it is important to study on impurities present in both the drugs. There are 9 impurities were identified from both drugs and studied pharmacokinetic properties using Qikprop module from Schrödinger software. From the 9 compounds of both the drug’s impurities, 5 compounds obey the Lipinski rule of five and the remaining compounds are having 1 to 3 penalties. All the compounds were subjected to molecular docking study with thermo stabilised HUMAN A2A Receptor with adenosine bound protein (PDB ID: 2YDO) for regadenoson impurities and fosphenytoin impurities were docked with Human GABA-A receptor alpha1-beta2-gamma2 subtype in complex with GABA and flumazenil, conformation A protein (PDB id: 6D6U). All the compounds are showed very good interaction with docked proteins. Further selected compound subjected to in vitro Antibacterial (Gram positive, Gram negative), Antifungal and Antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) studies.
FTIR Analysis of Conformational Changes in the Secondary Structure of Ovalbumin: Effect of pH and Cosolvent Sugar-free Natura
Authors:   Post Graduate & Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Govt. Arts College, Namakkal–637002, Tamilnadu, India, Agalya P. , Velusamy V.
Published: November 2020

a-helix, þ-sheet, þ-turns, and random coils are the three-dimensional local segments that constitute a protein secondary structure. Molecular vibrations of proteins are sensitive to structural organizations of peptide chains hence Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is one of the recognized techniques for the identification of protein secondary structures. However, the lower frequency region of FTIR especially the amide VI bands (in the region 590-490cm-1) is little studied for proteins. Further, the effect of sugar-free natura on ovalbumin stability is not yet studied to our knowledge. The present study examines the conformational changes in the secondary structure of ovalbumin (OVA) protein under the influence of pH variations (2, 5, 7, 9, and 12) and also cosolvent sugar-free Natura (SFN) inclusion. From the primary absorption spectra of the amide VI bands, the second derivative analysis is furnished to quantify the secondary structural elements of protein thereby conformational changes are analyzed. From obtained results, it is found that conformational changes occur between two major secondary structures of a-helix and þ-sheet of OVA due to variation of pH and inclusion of cosolvent. Also, the results confirm that the denaturation of OVA in the presence of SFN irrespective of pH.
BLOOM’UN REVİZE EDİLMİŞ TAKSONOMİSİNİN MÜZİK ÖĞRETİMİNDE KULLANIMINA YÖNELİK ÖNERMELER
Authors: BULUT Mustafa Hilmi
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmada Bloom’un 2018 yılında Dale Johnson tarafından modifiye edilmiş olan “high tech”, “high touch” bağlantılı taksonomisinin müzik öğretiminde ne şekilde kullanılabileceği yönünde bir takım önermelerde bulunmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma eğitim araştırmalarına konu edilen ve üzerinde yıllardır çalışılmakta olan öğretme ve öğrenme konuları için geliştirilmiş olan bir modelin, müzik öğretiminde ne şekilde kullanılabileceği üzerine tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada, iki şeyden birisi hakkında uygulanan bir konunun diğerinde de geçerli olabileceği anlamına gelen “Analoji“ yöntemi, yani benzeşim yoluyla bir tür akıl yürütme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bloom’un taksonomisi eğitimin bütün alanlarına yönelik olarak hazırlanmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu taksonomi hiç kuşkusuz müzik öğretimi veya öğrenimi için de geçerlidir. Ancak Müzik alanındaki bilgilerin diğer alanlara göre daha soyut olması bu çalışmanın yapılmasını önemli kılmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunda Bloom’un taksonomisi üzerinden müzik öğretimi ile ilgili toplamda otuz altı maddelik önermeden oluşan bir öğretim seti geliştirilmiştir
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KORPORASI DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI PENGADAAN BARANG DAN JASA PEMERINTAH (Suatu Penelitian di Wilayah Hukum Pengadilan Tipikor Banda Aceh)
Authors: Ibsaini Ibsaini , Syahbandir Mahdi
Published: November 2020

This research examines a corporation responsibility in the corruption of governmental goods and services procurements. This research applies juridical empirical approach. In accordance with the Act of Corruption Suppression, the liability of the corruption cases of corporation is also involves its corporation regarding the corruption. Pursuant to Article 20 (1) in terms of the corruption committed by and over the name of a corporation, the charges and sentences can be impose toward the corporation and its administrators. However,  at the Court for Corruption in Aceh (2013-2017), there are 36 cases of corruptions committed by the corporations that have never been held liable on them, meaning that the corporation has never been convicted due to the commission. This research is purposed to know the forms of corruption committed by corporations at the Court for Corruption in Banda Aceh, reasons for not being held the corporations liable for the corruption, and legal impact that might rise if the corporations are not held liable for corruption.
Naciocentrismo. Tensiones y configuración de estilos en la antropología sociocultural colombiana
Authors: Jimeno Myriam
Published: November 2020

Este artículo muestra algunos de los debates y posturas que han configurado la antropología sociocultural en Colombia desde mediados de los años 1940. Se examina la tensión entre las orientaciones globales de la disciplina y su puesta en práctica en el contexto colombiano. En la práctica hay un malestar permanente entre asumir los conceptos y las orientaciones dominantes y modificarlas, ajustarlas o aún rechazarlas, y proponer alternativas. Esto surge de una condición social específica de hacer antropología en países periféricos: tener la doble condición de investigadores y compartir la ciudadanía de los sujetos de estudio. El naciocentrismo es una marca de estilo en la cual es borroso el límite entre práctica disciplinaria y acción ciudadana.
Ética: masculinidades y feminidades de Ángela Inés Robledo y Yolanda Puyana (compiladoras)
Authors: Tovar Patricia
Published: November 2020

Reseña escrita por Patricia Tovar.
Prácticas funerarias como expresiones políticas: una perspectiva desde el suroccidente de Colombia
Authors: Gnecco Cristóbal
Published: November 2020

Durante muchos años los arqueólogos han analizado con éxito las prácticas funerarias como expresiones de estructuras políticas jerárquicas. En el suroeste de Colombia, donde aparentemente florecieron sociedades complejas a partir de aproximadamente 2000 BP (una afirmación que aún no ha sido confirmada), este tipo de análisis es bastante reciente. Este artículo examina la relación a veces ambivalente entre los modelos construidos explicitamente para interpretar las prácticas funerarias en términos políticos y la evidencia arqueológica de dichas prácticas en esta parte de Colombia.
Etnicidad y cambio cultural entre los yanaconas del Macizo Colombiano
Authors: Vladimir Zambrano Carlos
Published: November 2020

Este artículo intenta relacionar la etnicidad con el cambio cultural, sobre la base de un análisis de los Yanaconas del Departamento de Cauca y su movimiento étnico. Sugiere que las identidades étnicas no son necesariamente identidades culturales, sino básicamente identidades sociopolíticas; el componente cultural de la etnia es la incorporación de lo cultural por la vía de lo político. A pesar de su naturaleza, los efectos de la etnia no son exclusivamente políticos; afectan a la cultura al provocar cambios culturales y simbólicos, creando y renovando el significado. El estudio tiene tres secciones principales: la primera presenta los fundamentos conceptuales de la investigación; la segunda, los datos etnográficos básicos sobre las Yanaconas del Macizo colombiano; y la tercera, una aproximación antropológica al movimiento Yanacona.
Terremotos, movimientos sociales y patrones de comportamiento cultural: arqueología en la cubierta de la Catedral Primada de Bogotá
Authors: Therrien Monika
Published: November 2020

Este artículo es el resultado de un estudio arqueológico realizado como parte del proyecto de restauración del techo de la Catedral de Bogotá. Dada la naturaleza especial de esta investigación, examina la relación entre las diferentes disciplinas involucradas en el proyecto -arquitectura, arqueología, historia y paleografía- así como su contribución a la gestión del patrimonio cultural. La historia de la catedral se entremezcla con varios acontecimientos que tuvieron lugar en Bogotá en los siglos XIX y XX: terremotos, movimientos sociales y políticos. El análisis de los restos arqueológicos muestra cómo se relacionan con los patrones de comportamiento de la comunidad durante estos tiempos. A partir del material recogido, tanto constructivo como cultural, se han identificado diversas tipologías y secuencias de construcción y reconstrucción de la cubierta, lo que proporciona información pertinente para su restauración. La naturaleza de los restos y su contexto ayudan a fundamentar ciertos modelos culturales propuestos por investigaciones arqueológicas anteriores de carácter histórico.
La dieta prehispánica entre los Muiscas: una auto evaluación crítica
Authors: Cárdenas Arroyo Felipe
Published: November 2020

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Sistemas jurídicos Páez, Kogi, Wayúu y Tule de Carlos César Perafán S.
Authors: Morales Gómez Jorge
Published: November 2020

Reseña escrita por Jorge Morales Gómez
The application domain of difference type matrix D(r,0,s,0,t) on some sequence spaces
Authors: Paul Avinoy , Tripathy Binod
Published: November 2020

We say that a regular graph G of order n and degree r ? 1 (which is not the complete graph) is strongly regular if there exist non-negative integers ? and ? such that |Si ? Sj | = ? for any two adjacent vertices i and j, and |Si ? Sj | = ? for any two distinct non-adjacent vertices i and j, where Sk denotes the neighborhood of the vertex k. Let ?1 = r, ?2 and ?3 be the distinct eigenvalues of a connected strongly regular graph. Let m1 = 1, m2 and m3 denote the multiplicity of r, ?2 and ?3, respectively. We here describe the parameters n, r, ? and ? for strongly regular graphs with m2 = qm3 and m3 = qm2 for q = 7/2 , 7/3 , 7/4 , 7/5 , 7/6 .
Study of the Relationship Between Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and Autistic Disorder
Authors: Wong Virginia
Published: November 2020

There has been increasing awareness that there are behavioral phenotypes in tuberous sclerosis complex with neuropsychiatric symptom complex such as autistic disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the neurobiologic basis of autistic disorder in tuberous sclerosis complex is still unknown. We studied two cohorts of children followed up since 1986 until 2003, one cohort with tuberous sclerosis complex and another cohort with autistic disorder, to determine the incidence of autistic disorder in tuberous sclerosis complex and the incidence of tuberous sclerosis complex in autistic disorder respectively. We established a Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Registry in 1985 at the University of Hong Kong. In 2004, 44 index cases (the male to female ratio was 0.75:1) were registered. Three had a positive family history of tuberous sclerosis complex. Thus, the total number of tuberous sclerosis complex cases was 47. We adopted the diagnostic criteria of tuberous sclerosis complex for case ascertainment. The period prevalence rate of tuberous sclerosis complex for children and adolescents aged < 20 years is 3.5 per 10,000 (on Hong Kong island, excluding the eastern region with 125,100 aged < 20 years in 2003). Of 44 cases with tuberous sclerosis complex, 7 had autistic disorder. Thus, the incidence of autistic disorder in tuberous sclerosis complex is 16%. During the 17-year period (1986—2003), we collected a database of 753 children (668 boys and 84 girls; male to female ratio 8:1) with autistic disorder and pervasive developmental disorders. For all children with autistic disorder or pervasive developmental disorders, we routinely examined for any features of tuberous sclerosis complex by looking for neurocutaneous markers such as depigmented spots, which appear in 50% of children with tuberous sclerosis complex by the age of 2 years. For those with infantile spasm or epilepsy, the clinical features of tuberous sclerosis complex were monitored regularly during follow-up. Of these, seven had tuberous sclerosis complex. Thus, the incidence of tuberous sclerosis complex in autistic disorder is 0.9%. All of these children are mentally retarded, with moderate to severe grades in an intellectual assessment conducted by a clinical psychologist. Future studies should be directed toward looking at the various behavioral phenotypes in tuberous sclerosis complex and defining these with standardized criteria to look for any real association with the underlying genetic mutation of TSC1 or TSC2 gene or even the site of tubers in the brain. ( J Child Neurol 2006;21:199—204; DOI 10.2310/7010.2006.00046).
Clinical Characteristics of Childhood-Onset (Juvenile) Huntington Disease: Report of 12 Patients and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gonzalez-Alegre Pedro , Afifi Adel K.
Published: November 2020

Whereas adult-onset Huntington disease is a well-characterized clinical entity, childhood-onset cases have not received as much attention. In this report, the clinical, demographic, and genetic characteristics in 12 patients with childhood-onset Huntington disease are presented and compared with data in the literature. The patients were divided into two groups based on age at onset of symptoms (< 10 or ≥ 10 years old). The majority of patients had onset of symptoms before 10 years of age and most at or below 5 years of age. The delay in diagnosis was longer in those with earlier onset of symptoms. Inheritance was paternal in all patients with onset beyond 10 years of age. We found a preponderance of male patients in the younger age at onset group and of female patients in the older age at onset group. The most frequent heralding symptom was cognitive decline in the group with earlier onset and oropharyngeal dysfunction in the later-onset group. Seizures occurred only in the younger age at onset group. Chorea was not a presenting sign but developed later in the course of the disease and, with dystonia, was more prevalent in the early age at onset group, whereas rigidity and bradykinesia were more prevalent in the older age at onset group. Patients in both groups developed gait, cognitive, and behavioral disorders at some point during the course of the disease. Furthermore, a slow and steady decline in IQ was observed on serial neuropsychologic testing in patients from both groups. Imaging studies were normal early and most commonly revealed neostriatal atrophy later in the course of the disease. In this report, we describe the characteristics of 12 patients with childhood-onset Huntington disease and review those previously reported, expanding our knowledge about the features of childhood-onset Huntington disease, underlining the differences with patients with adult-onset Huntington disease, and suggesting a differential phenotype within patients with childhood-onset Huntington disease depending on the age at onset. ( J Child Neurol 2006;21:223—229; DOI 10.2310/7010.2006.00055).
Transient Periventricular Echodensities in Preterms and Neurodevelopmental Outcome
Authors: Pisani Francesco , Leali Luisa , Moretti Sabrina , Turco Emanuela , Volante Enrico , Bevilacqua Giulio
Published: November 2020

Little is known about the clinical evolution and neurologic sequelae of transient periventricular echodensities in the neonatal period. The aim of our study was to assess the neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants with transient periventricular echodensities. Cerebral ultrasonography was performed within the first 72 hours of life on all preterms with a ≤ 37 weeks' gestational age who were admitted consecutively to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University of Parma from January 2001 to December 2002. Cerebral ultrasonography was performed at least twice within the 14th postnatal day and was repeated weekly until 40 weeks' postconceptional age. Transient aspecific echodensities were defined as areas in the periventricular region brighter than the choroid plexus persisting less than 14 days. One hundred sixty-four preterm infants were selected and divided into three groups: (1) 78 preterm infants without ultrasound abnormalities, (2) 50 preterm infants with transient periventricular echodensities, and (3) 36 preterm infants with persistent echodensities. Developmental outcome was assessed at 44 weeks' postconceptional age, after 1 month from the discharge and at the corrected ages of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months using the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scale. Group 1 and 2 infants showed normal neurodevelopment in 88.5% and 94% of cases, respectively, whereas the preterm infants belonging to group 3 had a favorable outcome in 22.2% ( P < .001) of cases only. In conclusion, our study demonstrates how infants with transient echodensities show a neurodevelopmental outcome that is entirely identical to infants with a steadily negative ultrasound finding. ( J Child Neurol 2006;21:230—235; DOI 10.2310/7010.2006.00059).
Implications of Integrated Pancreatic Microcirculation: Crosstalk between Endocrine and Exocrine Compartments
Authors: Dybala Michael P. , Gebien Lisa R. , Reyna Megan E. , Yu Yolanda , Hara Manami
Published: November 2020

The endocrine and exocrine pancreas have been studied separately by endocrinologists and gastroenterologists as two organ systems. The pancreatic islet, consisting of 1–2% mass of the whole pancreas, has long been believed to be regulated independently from the surrounding exocrine tissues. Particularly, islet blood flow has been consistently illustrated as one-way flow from arteriole(s) to venule(s) with no integration of the capillary network between the endocrine and exocrine pancreas. It is likely linked to the long-standing dogma that the rodent islet has a mantle of non–β-cells and that the islet is completely separated from the exocrine compartment. A new model of islet microcirculation is built on the basis of analyses of in vivo blood flow measurements in mice and an in situ three-dimensional structure of the capillary network in mice and humans. The deduced integrated blood flow throughout the entire pancreas suggests direct interactions between islet endocrine cells and surrounding cells as well as the bidirectional blood flow between the endocrine and exocrine pancreas, not necessarily a unidirectional blood flow as in a so-called insuloacinar portal system. In this perspective, we discuss how this conceptual transformation could potentially affect our current understanding of the biology, physiology, and pathogenesis of the islet and pancreas.
TLR9-deficiency in B cells Promotes Immune Tolerance via IL-10 in a Type 1 Diabetes Mouse Model
Authors: Admin Ada , Sha Sha , Pearson James A , Peng Jian , Hu Youjia , Huang Juan , Xing Yanpeng , Zhang Luyao , Zhu Ying , Zhao Hongyu , Wong F. Susan , Chen Li , Wen Li
Published: November 2020

Toll-like receptor 9
(TLR9) is highly expressed in B cells and B cells are important in the pathogenesis
of type 1 diabetes (T1D) development. However, the intrinsic effect of TLR9 in B
cells on beta cell autoimmunity is not known. To fill this knowledge gap, we generated non-obese
diabetic (NOD) mice with a B cell-specific deficiency of TLR9 (TLR9fl/fl/CD19-Cre+
NOD). The B cell-specific deletion of
TLR9 resulted in near complete protection from T1D development. Diabetes protection was accompanied by an
increased proportion of IL-10-producing B cells. We also found that TLR9-deficient B cells were
hyporesponsive to both innate and adaptive immune-stimuli. This suggested that TLR9 in B cells modulates T1D
susceptibility in NOD mice by changing the frequency and function of IL-10-producing
B cells. Molecular analysis revealed a network
of TLR9 with MMPs, TIMP1 and CD40, all of which are inter-connected with IL-10.
Our study has highlighted an important connection
of an innate immune molecule in B cells to the immuno-pathogenesis of T1D. Thus, targeting the TLR9 pathway, specifically
in B cells, may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for T1D treatment.
MENYEMAI GURU MUHAMMADIYAH BERKEMAJUAN DI SEKOLAH MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Ali Mohamad
Published: November 2020

Paska reformasi Mei 1998 virus sekolah unggul menjangkiti pengelola sekolah Muhammadiyah. Bermula dari pengelola SD/MI selanjutnya menular ke tingkat Sekolah Menengah. SD/MI Muhammadiyah unggul telah bermunculan, baik yang di kawasan perkotaan maupun pedesaan. Ia menjadi rujukan utama orang tua siswa dalam mendidik putra-putrinya. Sekolah yang diminati itu adalah sekolah model baru yang mengusung sayap kembar keunggulan, yaitu kemampuan akademisnya kompetitif (intelektual) dan kesalehan beragama (ulama). Ketika sekolah Muhammadiyah model baru ini mampu “merebut kepercayaan masyarakat”, pertanyaannya adalah: bagaimana merawat dan memupuk  kepercayaan (trust) secara cerdas. Cara paling genial untuk memupuk kepercayaan ialah dengan jalan memperbaiki tata kelola guru. Secara historis, guru Muhammadiyah telah melewati tiga zaman, yaitu: guru mubaligh, diikuti guru birokrat, dan saat ini tengah memasuki periode transisi untuk menjadi profesional. Tantangan terbesar sekolah Muhammadiyah model baru yang tengah tumbuh ini adalah, bagaimana menjadikan dirinya sebagai rumah yang hangat bagi tumbuh kembang guru Muhammadiyah profesional berkemajuan.
Estimation of daily runoff coefficient of the pervious surfaces for the climate conditions of the city of Lviv
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zhuk Volodymyr , Vovk Lesya ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mysak Pavlo ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: November 2020

The method of calculation of daily runoff coefficients based on the SCS USDA curve number method is presented in this paper. The calculated values ​​of daily runoff coefficients for climatic and geological conditions of the city of Lviv for maximum daily rainfall events with a return period of 0.1 – 5 years are obtained.
Health care for people with sickle cell disease in a medium-sized Brazilian city
Authors: De Oliveira Mário Cézar , Pires Rosana Paula , Araújo Lúcio Borges , De Oliveira João Carlos , Alcântara Tânia Machado
Published: November 2020

The objective of the study was to evaluate the access, assistance and satisfaction of people with sickle cell disease in relation to the health care provided by the Unified Health System in the Uberlândia city, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Thirty-four people with sickle cell disease were recruited using the snowball sampling method and submitted to semi-structured interview, with collection of demographic, clinical and relationship data and satisfaction with health care. Forty-four percent were not included in the Primary Health Care network, which did not provide several procedures/actions recommended by the Ministry of Health. Ninety-four percent were unsatisfied/partially satisfied with the emergency care provided in the Integrated Care Units. The main reasons for this unsatisfied were ignorance of sickle cell disease by the health team (87.5%), delay in care (81.3%) and inadequate conduct by the health team (59.5%). In conclusion, the access and quality of care provided to people with sickle cell disease by the Primary Health Care network and the Urgency and Emergency Network need to be improved and this improvement is directly related to the training of health teams.
Ventricular Septal Rupture after Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Nascimento Pedro Rafael de Oliveira , Góes Gustavo Henrique Belarmino , Fabro Caroline Bernardi , Sousa Mateus Lopes Barreto de , Sepulveda Diana Patricia Lamprea , Barros Isly Maria Lucena de , Castillo Jose Maria Del , Sousa Filho José Breno de , Lima Ricardo de Carvalho , Filho Dário Celestino Sobral
Published: November 2020

Objective: Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare but serious complication of acute myocardial infarction, which occurs in about 0.2 to 0.3% of patients with myocardial ischemia. If early therapy is not initiated, 90% of patients with VSR will die within the first month. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with VSR as a mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction. Methods: A prospective study was conducted among nine patients who presented to the Cardiovascular Emergency Room of Pernambuco with acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation and VSR complications. Results: There were five women and 4 men, and the mean age of the patients was 72.5 years. The median time from the onset of the symptoms of acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation to the diagnosis of VSR was 3.5 days. Among the nine patients included in the study, three were treated surgically. Of all the patients, including those who underwent corrective surgery, eight patients died, 44.4% (N = 4), in the first four days after AMI. Conclusion: VSR occurs more frequently among elderly patients with multi-arterial involvement, lower wall infarction, and involvement of the right coronary artery. The prognosis is extremely limited, especially in patients who are already admitted to the cardiac emergency room with Killip IV, with > 24 hours of clinical evolution, and do not require surgical correction.