bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A three-dimensional multiscale model for the prediction of thrombus growth under flow with single-platelet resolution
Authors: Shankar Kaushik N. , Zhang Yiyuan , Sinno Talid , Diamond Scott L.
Published: January 2022

Modeling thrombus growth in pathological flows allows evaluation of risk under patient-specific pharmacological, hematological, and hemodynamical conditions. We have developed a 3D multiscale framework for the prediction of thrombus growth under flow on a spatially resolved surface presenting collagen and tissue factor (TF). The multiscale framework is composed of four coupled modules: a Neural Network (NN) that accounts for platelet signaling, a Lattice Kinetic Monte Carlo (LKMC) simulation for tracking platelet positions, a Finite Volume Method (FVM) simulator for solving convection-diffusion-reaction equations describing agonist release and transport, and a Lattice Boltzmann (LB) flow solver for computing the blood flow field over the growing thrombus. A reduced model of the coagulation cascade was embedded into the framework to account for TF-driven thrombin production. The 3D model was first tested against in vitro microfluidics experiments of whole blood perfusion with various antiplatelet agents targeting COX-1, P2Y1, or the IP receptor. The model was able to accurately capture the evolution and morphology of the growing thrombus. Certain problems of 2D models for thrombus growth (artifactual dendritic growth) were naturally avoided with realistic trajectories of platelets in 3D flow. The generalizability of the 3D multiscale solver enabled simulations of important clinical situations, such as cylindrical blood vessels and acute flow narrowing (stenosis). Enhanced platelet-platelet bonding at pathologically high shear rates (e.g., von Willebrand factor unfolding) was required for accurately describing thrombus growth in stenotic flows. Overall, the approach allows consideration of patient-specific platelet signaling and vascular geometry for the prediction of thrombotic episodes.
Factors related to severe single-vehicle tree crashes: In-depth crash study
Authors: Bucsuházy Kateřina , Zůvala Robert , Valentová Veronika , Ambros Jiří
Published: January 2022

Vehicle-tree collisions are the most common type of road crash with fixed obstacle in Czech Republic. Based on the literature review and using real world in-depth crash data, this paper aims to define factors, which significantly influence the injury severity of single vehicle-tree crashes. In-depth data provide a comprehensive view to the failure on the system infrastructure—human—vehicle related to crash, the in-depth crash database include very detailed information related to infrastructure, vehicle, human failure and crash participants characteristics and their medical condition and also crash reconstruction. Multinomial logistic regression and generalized linear mixed model were used to determine the individual effect of each predictor. The statistically significant variables were the day period, trunk diameter and impact speed. Using multinomial logistic regression shows also vehicle age as statistically significant. Obtained results can help to efficiently direct countermeasures not only on the road infrastructure—e.g. speed reduction in selected locations with specified tree character. However, the emphasis should be also focused on driver behaviour.
The SH2 domain and kinase activity of JAK2 target JAK2 to centrosome and regulate cell growth and centrosome amplification
Authors: Shahi Aashirwad , Kahle Jacob , Hopkins Chandler , Diakonova Maria
Published: January 2022

JAK2 is cytokine-activated non-receptor tyrosine kinase. Although JAK2 is mainly localized at the plasma membrane, it is also present on the centrosome. In this study, we demonstrated that JAK2 localization to the centrosome depends on the SH2 domain and intact kinase activity. We created JAK2 mutants deficient in centrosomal localization ΔSH2, K882E and (ΔSH2, K882E). We showed that JAK2 WT clone strongly enhances cell proliferation as compared to control cells while JAK2 clones ΔSH2, K882E and (ΔSH2, K882E) proliferate slower than JAK2 WT cells. These mutant clones also progress much slower through the cell cycle as compared to JAK2 WT clone and the enhanced proliferation of JAK2 WT cells is accompanied by increased S −> G2 progression. Both the SH2 domain and the kinase activity of JAK2 play a role in prolactin-dependent activation of JAK2 substrate STAT5. We showed that JAK2 is an important regulator of centrosome function as the SH2 domain of JAK2 regulates centrosome amplification. The cells overexpressing ΔSH2 and (ΔSH2, K-E) JAK2 have almost three-fold the amplified centrosomes of WT cells. In contrast, the kinase activity of JAK2 is dispensable for centrosome amplification. Our observations provide novel insight into the role of SH2 domain and kinase activity of JAK2 in centrosome localization of JAK2 and in the regulation of cell growth and centrosome biogenesis.
Deep learning via LSTM models for COVID-19 infection forecasting in India
Authors: Chandra Rohitash , Jain Ayush , Singh Chauhan Divyanshu
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have major impact to health and medical infrastructure, economy, and agriculture. Prominent computational and mathematical models have been unreliable due to the complexity of the spread of infections. Moreover, lack of data collection and reporting makes modelling attempts difficult and unreliable. Hence, we need to re-look at the situation with reliable data sources and innovative forecasting models. Deep learning models such as recurrent neural networks are well suited for modelling spatiotemporal sequences. In this paper, we apply recurrent neural networks such as long short term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM, and encoder-decoder LSTM models for multi-step (short-term) COVID-19 infection forecasting. We select Indian states with COVID-19 hotpots and capture the first (2020) and second (2021) wave of infections and provide two months ahead forecast. Our model predicts that the likelihood of another wave of infections in October and November 2021 is low; however, the authorities need to be vigilant given emerging variants of the virus. The accuracy of the predictions motivate the application of the method in other countries and regions. Nevertheless, the challenges in modelling remain due to the reliability of data and difficulties in capturing factors such as population density, logistics, and social aspects such as culture and lifestyle.
Investigating the effectiveness of adjuvant therapy for patients with hormone receptor-positive ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Tsai Chi-Jui , Huang Ho-Yin , Chen Fang-Ming , Yang Yi-Hsin , Chen Li-Chia , Hsieh Kun-Pin
Published: January 2022

Background

This study compared the recurrence risk of single versus dual adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and hormonal therapy (HT) following breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in patients with hormone receptor-positive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used the Taiwan Cancer Registry database linking to the Taiwan National Health Insurance data from 2011 to 2016. We compared the recurrence risk between BCS-based regimens in Cox regressions and presented as adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).

Results

The 1,836 study cohort with a low-to-intermediate risk of recurrence was grouped into BCS alone (6.1%), BCS+RT (6.2%), BCS+HT (23.4%) and BCS+HT+RT (64.3%) according to the initial treatments. During the follow-up (median: 3.3 years), the highest 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was in BCS+RT (94.1%) group and followed by BCS+HT+RT (92.8%), BCS+HT (87.4%) and BCS alone (84.9%). Of the single adjuvant therapies, RT was more effective than HT. Both BCS+HT (HR: 1.52, 95%CI: 0.99–2.35) and BCS+RT (HR: 1.10, 95%CI: 0.50–2.41) did not significantly increase recurrence risk comparing against the BCS+HT+RT group.

Conclusion

Single adjuvant demonstrated a similar subsequent recurrence risk with dual adjuvant. This study supports the proposition to de-escalate adjuvant treatments in patients with low-to-intermediate risk of DCIS recurrence.
Determining the factors of m-wallets adoption. A twofold SEM-ANN approach
Authors: Hidayat-ur-Rehman Imdadullah , Alzahrani Saeed , Rehman Mohd Ziaur , Akhter Fahim
Published: January 2022

M-wallets are comparatively more advantageous and convenient than conventional payment systems as m-wallets allow users to avoid cash. The present research uses the diffusion of innovation theory as the base theory to propose a research model by incorporating constructs like convenience, perceived security, personal innovativeness, and perceived trust to investigate the determinants of consumers’ intention-to-use m-wallets. A twofold approach comprising of Structural Equation Modelling—Artificial Neural Network (SEM-ANN) was used: First, partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to determine the significant determinants of intention-to-use. Second, the ANN approach was applied as robustness to corroborate the outcomes of PLS-SEM and to estimate the relative importance of the SEM-based significant determinants. Our findings confirmed that compatibility, ease of use, observability, convenience, relative advantage, personal innovativeness, perceived trust, and perceived security are the key elements that influence the intention-to-use m-wallets. Moreover, we ascertained that perceived security is the most influential predictor of intention-to-use. The outcomes of ANN have complemented the findings of PLS-SEM, but some differences were also exhibited in the order of influential factors. The study brings to fore significant insights and a set of suggestions for the companies carrying out the development, execution, and marketing of M-wallet services.
Few SARS-CoV-2 infections detected in Newfoundland and Labrador in the absence of Public Health Laboratory-based confirmation
Authors: Ings Danielle P. , Hatfield Keeley M. , Fifield Kathleen E. , Harnum Debbie O. A. , Holder Kayla A. , Russell Rodney S. , Grant Michael D.
Published: January 2022

Objective

To assess the incidence of COVID-19 infection in the absence of a confirmatory test in persons suspecting they contracted COVID-19 and elucidate reasons for their belief.

Methods

We recruited persons with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and persons who believed they may have contracted COVID-19 between December, 2019 and April, 2021 into a study of immunity against SARS-CoV-2. An intake questionnaire captured their perceived risk factors for exposure and symptoms experienced, including symptom duration and severity. ELISA testing against multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigens was done to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. No participant had received COVID-19 vaccination prior to the time of testing.

Results

The vast majority of study subjects without Public Health confirmation of infection had no detectable antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Suspected infection with SARS-CoV-2 generally involved experiencing symptoms common to many other respiratory infections. Unusually severe or persistent symptoms often supported suspicion of infection with SARS-CoV-2 as did travel or contact with travelers from outside Newfoundland and Labrador. Rare cases in which antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected despite negative results of Public Health testing for SARS-CoV-2 RNA involved persons in close contact with confirmed cases.

Conclusions

Broad public awareness and declaration of pandemic status in March, 2020 contributed to the perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 in Newfoundland and Labrador from late 2019 to April 2021 and raised expectation of its severity. Serological testing is useful to diagnose past infection with SARS-CoV-2 to accurately estimate population exposure rates.
Racialized economic segregation and health outcomes: A systematic review of studies that use the Index of Concentration at the Extremes for race, income, and their interaction
Authors: Larrabee Sonderlund Anders , Charifson Mia , Schoenthaler Antoinette , Carson Traci , Williams Natasha J.
Published: January 2022

Extensive research shows that residential segregation has severe health consequences for racial and ethnic minorities. Most research to date has operationalized segregation in terms of either poverty or race/ethnicity rather than a synergy of these factors. A novel version of the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICERace-Income) specifically assesses racialized economic segregation in terms of spatial concentrations of racial and economic privilege (e.g., wealthy white people) versus disadvantage (e.g., poor Black people) within a given area. This multidimensional measure advances a more comprehensive understanding of residential segregation and its consequences for racial and ethnic minorities. The aim of this paper is to critically review the evidence on the association between ICERace-Income and health outcomes. We implemented the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to conduct a rigorous search of academic databases for papers linking ICERace-Income with health. Twenty articles were included in the review. Studies focused on the association of ICERace-Income with adverse birth outcomes, cancer, premature and all-cause mortality, and communicable diseases. Most of the evidence indicates a strong association between ICERace-Income and each health outcome, underscoring income as a key mechanism by which segregation produces health inequality along racial and ethnic lines. Two of the reviewed studies examined racial disparities in comorbidities and health care access as potential explanatory factors underlying this relationship. We discuss our findings in the context of the extant literature on segregation and health and propose new directions for future research and applications of the ICERace-Income measure.
Changes in BNP levels from discharge to 6-month visit predict subsequent outcomes in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Shiba Masayuki , Kato Takao , Morimoto Takeshi , Yaku Hidenori , Inuzuka Yasutaka , Tamaki Yodo , Ozasa Neiko , Seko Yuta , Yamamoto Erika , Yoshikawa Yusuke , Kitai Takeshi , Yamashita Yugo , Iguchi Moritake , Nagao Kazuya , Kawase Yuichi , Morinaga Takashi , Toyofuku Mamoru , Furukawa Yutaka , Ando Kenji , Kadota Kazushige , Sato Yukihito , Nakagawa Yasuaki , Kuwahara Koichiro , Kimura Takeshi
Published: January 2022

Background

This study aimed to investigate the association between changes in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) from discharge to 6-month visit and subsequent clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).

Methods

Among 1246 patients enrolled in the prospective longitudinal follow-up study nested from the Kyoto Congestive Heart Failure registry, this study population included 446 patients with available paired BNP data at discharge and 6-month index visit. This study population was classified into 3 groups by percent change in BNP from discharge to 6-month visit; the low tertile (≤-44%, N = 149), the middle tertile (>-44% and ≤22%, N = 149) and the high tertile (>22%, N = 148).

Findings

The cumulative 180-day incidence after the index visit of the primary outcome measure (a composite endpoint of all-cause death or hospitalization for HF) was significantly higher in the high and middle tertiles than in the low tertile (26.8% and 14.4% versus 6.9%, log-rank P<0.0001). The adjusted excess risk of the high tertile relative to the low tertile remained significant for the primary outcome measure (hazard ratio: 3.43, 95% confidence interval: 1.51–8.46, P = 0.003).

Conclusions

Percent change in BNP was associated with a subsequent risk for a composite of all-cause death and hospitalization for HF after adjustment of the absolute BNP values, suggesting that observing the change in BNP levels, in addition to absolute BNP levels themselves, helps us to manage patient with HF.
Effects of non-aversive versus tail-lift handling on breeding productivity in a C57BL/6J mouse colony
Authors: Hull Margaret A. , Reynolds Penny S. , Nunamaker Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2022

Non-aversive handling is a well-documented refinement measure for improving rodent welfare. Because maternal stress is related to reduced productivity, we hypothesized that welfare benefits associated with non-aversive handling would translate to higher production and fewer litters lost in a laboratory mouse breeding colony. We performed a randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of a standard method of handling (tail-lift with forceps) versus non-aversive handling with transfer tunnels (‘tunnel-handled’) on breeding performance in 59 C57BL/6J mouse pairs. Intervention assignments could not be concealed from technicians, but were concealed from assessors and data analyst. An operationally significant effect of tunnel-handling (large enough differences to warrant programmatic change) was defined before study initiation as a 5% increase in productivity, or one extra pup over the reproductive lifetime of each pair. Pairs were randomly allocated to handling intervention and cage rack location, and monitored over an entire 6-month breeding cycle. For each group, we measured number of pups born and weaned, and number of entire litters lost prior to weaning. Differences between transfer methods were estimated by two-level hierarchical mixed models adjusted for parental effects and parity. Compared to tail-lift mice, tunnel-handled mice averaged one extra pup per pair born (+1.0; 95% CI 0.9, 1.1; P = 0.41) and weaned (+1.1, 95% CI 0.9, 1.2; P = 0.33). More tunnel-handled pairs successfully weaned all litters produced (13/29 pairs, 45% vs 4/30 pairs, 13%; P = 0.015), averaged fewer litter losses prior to weaning (11/29 pairs [38%] vs 26/30 pairs [87%]; P <0.001), and had a 20% lower risk of recurrent litter loss. The increase in numbers of pups produced and weaned with tunnel handling met threshold requirement for operational significance. These data and projected cost savings persuaded management to incorporate tunnel handling as standard of care across the institution. These data also suggest that overlooked husbandry practices such as cage transfer may be major confounders in studies of mouse models.
Intravenous Ringers lactate versus normal saline for predominantly mild acute pancreatitis in a Nepalese Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Karki Binod , Thapa Suresh , Khadka Dibas , Karki Sanjit , Shrestha Roshan , Khanal Ajit , Shrestha Ramila , Paudel Bidhan Nidhi
Published: January 2022

Background

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common presentation in patients admitted with acute abdomen. Whether Ringers lactate (RL) or Normal Saline (NS) as a resuscitation fluid is better still remains unclear. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of RL and NS in terms of control of systemic inflammation by measuring indirect markers specifically Systemic Inflammation Response Syndrome (SIRS) scores and C- Reactive Protein (CRP) level.

Methods

This was an open label randomized trial conducted in a tertiary level hospital of Nepal. Ethical approval was obtained prior to the study. Patients with acute pancreatitis were randomized to either RL or NS group for the fluid resuscitation. The fluid was given as per the study protocol for three days for hydration. Baseline SIRS and CRP were recorded on admission and subsequently as defined. All the data were analyzed using SPSS ver 20.0 software.

Results

Total 51 patients were enrolled, 26 in RL and 25 in NS group. The commonest etiology of AP was alcohol (84.31%). SIRS was present in 46.2% and 64.0% of patients in RL and NS group respectively (p = 0.20) on admission. At least one SIRS criteria was still present in 44.0% of patients in the NS group compared to only 15.4% in the RL group after 24 hours (p = 0.025). The baseline CRP were comparable in both the groups. However after 72 hours, the increment of CRP was more in the NS group compared to the RL group; median value of 14.2 mg/dl (12.15, 16.45) and 22.2 mg/dl (18.20, 30.60) in RL and NS group respectively (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Ringers lactate was associated with a reduction in systemic inflammation compared to normal saline in patients with acute pancreatitis. Incidence of SIRS at 72 hours and occurrence of local complications were however similar in both the groups.
Validation of video analysis of marker-less barbell auto-tracking in weightlifting
Authors: Nagao Hideyuki , Yamashita Daichi
Published: January 2022

We determined the marker-less barbell auto-tracking accuracy using the Kanade–Lucas–Tomasi (KLT) algorithm in a digital video for two-dimensional analysis (2D-AT). The position coordinates of the barbell’s right end during multiple loads (60%–90% of one-repetition maximum) of snatch motion in eight participants were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Simultaneously, the snatch motion was recorded by a digital camera from the right side. Based on the digital video, the center of the barbell’s right end was auto-tracked using the KLT algorithm. Six barbell kinematic variables (forward, backward, and vertical displacement, peak forward, backward, and vertical velocity) were calculated. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis was performed to establish the agreement level between the methods. The Bland–Altman plots and regression were used to examine the agreement between the methods. ICCs of 0.999–0.971 revealed a strong agreement level between the methods. The Bland–Altman plot showed small bias (-0.001–0.001 m, -0.034 –-0.005 m/s). We considered that 2D-AT could obtain barbell position coordinates with sufficient accuracy to discriminate the difference in the lifter’s level and a successful or unsuccessful lift.
Factors associated with treatment outcome of MDR/RR-TB patients treated with shorter injectable based regimen in West Java Indonesia
Authors: Soeroto Arto Yuwono , Nurhayati Raden Desy , Purwiga Aga , Lestari Bony Wiem , Pratiwi Chica , Santoso Prayudi , Kulsum Iceu Dimas , Suryadinata Hendarsyah , Ferdian Ferdy
Published: January 2022

Background and aims

Multi drug or rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) is a major burden to TB prevention and eradication globally. Since 2016, WHO guidelines have included options for treating MDR/RR-TB with a standard regimen of 9 to 11 months duration (the ’shorter regimen’) rather than an individual regimen of at least 20 months. This regimen has been introduced in Indonesia since September 2017. Therefore, we aimed to determine the success rate and factors associated with the treatment outcome of shorter injectable based regimen in West Java province, Indonesia.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of MDR/RR-TB patients aged over 18 years old who received the shorter injectable based regimen between September 2017 and December 2020. We defined successful outcomes as the combined proportion of patients who were cured or had complete treatment. While, unsuccessful outcomes were defined as the combined proportion of patients who died from any causes, failure, and loss to follow-up (LTFU).

Results

A total of 315 patients were included in this study. The success rate was 64.5%. Multivariate analysis showed male gender (aRR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.34) increased the chance of successful outcome, while malnutrition (aRR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.89), history of previous TB treatment (aRR = 0.80%CI 0.68 to 0.94), and time of culture conversion >2 months (aRR = 0.72 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.87) decreased the chance of successful outcome.

Conclusion

History of previous TB treatment, time of culture conversion >2 months, and malnutrition were independent factors that decrease the chance for success rate, while male gender increase the likelihood for success rate of patients treated by the shorter injectable based regimen.
Policy and strategies addressing prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance in Brazil: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Nunes Joslaine de Oliveira , Domingues Raissa Allan Santos , Barcellos Roberto Mauro Pinto Coelho , Alves Bárbara Manuella Cardoso Sodré , Carvalho Isis Polianna Silva Ferreira de , Tavares Noemia Urruth Leão
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered one of the biggest health challenges of the 21st century. It has both social and economic consequences; therefore, timely review of public health policies that have been designed to manage AMR is essential. Brazil too has developed and implemented various polices for the prevention and control of AMR. However, till date, no study provides insights regarding the various public health policies or other programs implemented by Brazilian institutes.

Objective

The objective is to define a scoping review protocol of policies that were developed to address prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance in Brazil, from a human health perspective.

Method

This protocol has been registered in the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/EC9ZJ). Indexed literature in English, Spanish and Portuguese published till December 2020 in Lilacs, PubMed, Embase, and official websites of the Brazilian government will be reviewed. This review considers all studies identified through a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature databases that have a reference for policies made for managing AMR in Brazil. The criteria for the scoping review will be set by two evaluators. A third evaluator will be consulted, if there is any disagreement between the two primary evaluators. A standardized form will be used for data extraction from the selected studies. The results will be presented in a tabular form with narrative abstracts related to the topics identified through the scoping review protocol. The PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews tool will be used.
African swine fever virus I267L acts as an important virulence factor by inhibiting RNA polymerase III-RIG-I-mediated innate immunity
Authors: Ran Yong , Li Dan , Xiong Mei-Guang , Liu Hua-Nan , Feng Tao , Shi Zheng-Wang , Li Yu-Hui , Wu Huang-Ning , Wang Su-Yun , Zheng Hai-Xue , Wang Yan-Yi
Published: January 2022

ASFV is a large DNA virus that is highly pathogenic in domestic pigs. How this virus is sensed by the innate immune system as well as why it is so virulent remains enigmatic. In this study, we show that the ASFV genome contains AT-rich regions that are recognized by the DNA-directed RNA polymerase III (Pol-III), leading to viral RNA sensor RIG-I-mediated innate immune responses. We further show that ASFV protein I267L inhibits RNA Pol-III-RIG-I-mediated innate antiviral responses. I267L interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Riplet, disrupts Riplet-RIG-I interaction and impairs Riplet-mediated K63-polyubiquitination and activation of RIG-I. I267L-deficient ASFV induces higher levels of interferon-β, and displays compromised replication both in primary macrophages and pigs compared with wild-type ASFV. Furthermore, I267L-deficiency attenuates the virulence and pathogenesis of ASFV in pigs. These findings suggest that ASFV I267L is an important virulence factor by impairing innate immune responses mediated by the RNA Pol-III-RIG-I axis.
King Faisal College: An educational initiative in Baghdad, terminated in 1948
Authors: Karim Ghazi Abdul
Published: January 2022

Analysis is made of the circumstances that could have led to the demise of a unique Iraqi Government educational initiative in the 1940s established in Baghdad of an elite secondary school with the name of King Faisal College. It was intended to provide special educational programmes while catering exclusively to gifted high school boy students chosen from all over the country. The analysis serves to show an abject example of how an educational project planned to serve the long-term national interests could be irreversibly damaged by petty political squabbles among its young students. It shows how political, religious and sectarian juvenal dogma could have been nurtured also by external interests targeting young students who were largely destined otherwise to have a very bright future.
Women, Writing and the Iraqi Ba‘thist State: Contending Discourses of Resistance and Collaboration, 1968–2003, Hawraa Al-Hassan (2020)
Authors: Farzaneh Mateo Mohammad
Published: January 2022

Review of: Women, Writing and the Iraqi Ba‘thist State: Contending Discourses of Resistance and Collaboration, 1968–2003, Hawraa Al-Hassan (2020)

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 264 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47444-175-9, h/bk, $105.00
Unfree: Migrant Domestic Work in Arab States, Rhacel Salazar Parreñas (2022)
Authors: Talhimi Ghada Hashem
Published: January 2022

Review of: Unfree: Migrant Domestic Work in Arab States, Rhacel Salazar Parreñas (2022)

Stanford: Stanford University Press, 221 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-50362-965-3, p/bk, $24.00
What the West is Getting Wrong about the Middle East: Why Islam is Not the Problem, Ömer Taspinar (2021)
Authors: Terry Janice J.
Published: January 2022

Review of: What the West is Getting Wrong about the Middle East: Why Islam is Not the Problem, Ömer Taspinar (2021)

London: I.B. Tauris, 268 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78831-010-9, h/bk, $27.00
Aquae pluviae et caducae. Sistemas de drenaje e impermeabilización frente a la escorrentía superficial en Augusta Emerita (Mérida, España) y Mirobriga (Santiago do Cacém, Portugal)
Authors: Acero Pérez Jesús , Felício Catarina
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo se centra en un aspecto apenas tratado en los estudios sobre el urbanismo romano como es el de los sistemas de drenaje del agua circulante por las superficies de tránsito, particularmente en las vías y los espacios públicos. Se presentan como casos de estudio dos ciudades localizadas en la provincia de Lusitania, Augusta Emerita y Mirobriga, exponentes, a su vez, de dos modelos dispares de urbanismo que son aquí confrontados. La primera, la capital provincial, fue una fundación colonial ex novo en la que ya se planificó desde el inicio una red pública de cloacas en correspondencia con el callejero ortogonal. La segunda, Mirobriga, implantada sobre un oppidum prerromano, fue un aglomerado urbano secundario que careció de un verdadero sistema de alcantarillado subterráneo, siendo evacuadas las aguas residuales (tanto las pluviales como las sucias) directamente a través de la superficie de las calles. Si en el primer caso proliferaron los elementos de drenaje para conducir la escorrentía hacia la red de colectores, en el segundo predominó el uso de diferentes estructuras de aislamiento para proteger las fachadas frente al exceso de líquido en superficie.
Production of genetically improved silver birch plantations in southern and central Sweden
Authors: Liziniewicz Mateusz , Barbeito Ignacio , Zvirgzdins Andis , Stener Lars-Göran , Niemistö Pentti , Fahlvik Nils , Johansson Ulf , Karlsson Bo , Nilsson Urban
Published: January 2022

Investing in planting genetically improved silver birch ( Roth) in Swedish plantations requires understanding how birch stands will develop over their entire rotation. Previous studies have indicated relatively low production of birch compared to Norway spruce ( (L.) Karst.) and Scots pine ( L.). This could result from using unrepresentative basic data, collected from unimproved, naturally-regenerated birch ( spp.) growing on inventory plots often located in coniferous stands. The objective of this study was to develop a basal area development function of improved silver birch and evaluate production over a full rotation period. We used data from 52 experiments including planted silver birch of different genetic breeding levels in southern and central Sweden. The experimental plots were established on fertile forest sites and on former agricultural lands, and were managed with different numbers of thinnings and basal area removal regimes. The model best describing total stand basal area development was a dynamic equation derived from the Korf base model. The analysis of the realized gain trial for birch showed a good stability of the early calculated relative differences in basal area between tested genotypes over time. Thus, the relative difference in basal area might be with cautious used as representation of the realized genetic gain. On average forest sites in southern Sweden, improved and planted silver birch could produce between 6â10.5 m ha year, while on fertile agriculture land the average productivity might be higher, especially with material coming from the improvement program. The performed analysis provided a first step toward predicting the effects of genetic improvement on total volume production and profitability of silver birch. However, more experiments are needed to set up the relative differences between different improved material.Betula pendulaPicea abiesPinus sylvestrisBetula3â1â1
Volumetric overestimation of small branches in 3D reconstructions of Fraxinus excelsior
Authors: Demol Miro , Wilkes Phil , Raumonen Pasi , Krishna Moorthy Sruthi , Calders Kim , Gielen Bert , Verbeeck Hans
Published: January 2022

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has been applied to estimate forest wood volume based on detailed 3D tree reconstructions from point cloud data. However, sources of uncertainties in the point cloud data (alignment and scattering errors, occlusion, foliage...) and the reconstruction algorithm type and parameterisation are known to affect the reconstruction, especially around finer branches. To better understand the impacts of these uncertainties on the accuracy of TLS-derived woody volume, high-quality TLS scans were collected in leaf-off conditions prior to destructive harvesting of two forest-grown common ash trees ( L.; diameter at breast height ~28 cm, woody volume of 732 and 868 L). We manually measured branch diameters at 265 locations in these trees. Estimates of branch diameters and tree volume from Quantitative Structure Models (QSM) were compared with these manual measurements. The accuracy of QSM branch diameter estimates decreased with smaller branch diameters. Tree woody volume was overestimated (+336 L and +392 L) in both trees. Branches measuring < 5 cm in diameter accounted for 80% and 83% of this overestimation respectively. Filtering for scattering errors or improved coregistration approximately halved the overestimation. Range filtering and modified scanning layouts had mixed effects. The small branch overestimations originated primarily in limitations in scanner characteristics and coregistration errors rather than suboptimal QSM parameterisation. For TLS-derived estimates of tree volume, a higher quality point cloud allows smaller branches to be accurately reconstructed. Additional experiments need to elucidate if these results can be generalised beyond the setup of this study.Fraxinus excelsior
Adversidades, disputas e gargalos na difusão de computadores no Brasil: A inserção da Administração Pública e do setor privado na constituição de um mercado brasileiro de tecnologia da informação. (1957 - 1964).
Authors: Pereira Lucas de Almeida , Marinho Maria Gabriela da Silva Martins Cunha
Published: January 2022

A crescente informatização das sociedades contemporâneas tem sido objeto de análises que contemplam dimensões tecnológicas, econômicas, políticas, filosóficas, cognitivas, entre outros aspectos. Contudo, no caso brasileiro, um traço ainda negligenciado desse processo é o que se refere à sua perspectiva histórica, especialmente no que tange às interações entre os setores público e privado, seja em termos da aquisição, instalação e manutenção de maquinário, sejam na dimensão desses atores como usuários, ou até mesmo as condições gerais de infraestrutura física do país.  O artigo propõe uma análise em torno das condições históricas que assistiram, no começo da década de 1960, a inserção crescente do Brasil no mercado da tecnologia da informação. Nesse sentido, aponta para a diversidade de atores, públicos e privados, que atuaram em diferentes nichos e níveis de disputa, resultando em um processo de múltiplas variáveis.
Participação e conselhos gestores municipais
Authors: Santin Janaína Rigo , Pandolfo Bruna Pertile
Published: January 2022

O artigo analisa os instrumentos de participação popular a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988, que institui como regime político no Brasil a democracia semidireta. O foco principal são os conselhos gestores municipais. Tratam-se de órgãos colegiados que congregam representantes da sociedade civil e da sociedade política, atuantes institucionalmente ao lado do Executivo Municipal na formulação, execução e controle das políticas públicas. Entretanto, para sua plena eficácia na realidade brasileira será necessário interesse público na reordenação da relação entre Estado e sociedade civil. Certamente, esse movimento resultará em uma nova forma de fazer e entender a política no país, o que não será fácil, tão pouco rápido, e que exige uma verdadeira mudança cultural na forma como é exercida a política no país. Resta para o Estado a seguinte opção: parar de governar o povo para governar para e junto ao povo. O método de abordagem adotado no desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi o dialético.
Evangélicos no espaço público: show gospel, cultura e entretenimento
Authors: Mezzomo Frank Antonio , Pátaro Cristina Satiê de Oliveira , Pinheiro Amanda
Published: January 2022

O artigo discute a presença dos evangélicos no espaço público, a partir da análise da inclusão de show gospel na Festa Nacional do Carneiro no Buraco, Campo Mourão, PR. A realização de tal programação religiosa na festa se deu pela indicação de um vereador, agente religioso vinculado à Igreja Assembleia de Deus. A partir de discussões pautadas nas noções de secularização e cultura, os resultados indicam o protagonismo do agente religioso em sua atuação no Legislativo Municipal, além da sacralização da festa cívica ocorrida com o show gospel e o momento de oração. Tal dinâmica evidencia os movimentos dos evangélicos no cenário público brasileiro, ressignificando as fronteiras entre os campos da religião e da política.
Diáspora e Identidade na Contemporaneidade: considerações sobre as populações árabe e muçulmana e a formação de uma comunidade em Florianópolis/SC
Authors: Ferreira de Figueiredo Carolina , Mendes Lunardi Thamirys
Published: January 2022

Este artigo visa abordar a temática da imigração e a construção de identidades a partir do contingente populacional estrangeiro de Florianópolis/SC, com o recorte temporal a partir da segunda metade do século XX, especificamente àquele dito e auto-reconhecido como ‘árabe’ e outro definido como muçulmano. É primordial neste estudo estabelecer relações de aproximação e distanciamento entre esses termos e como estes se manifestam na cultura e nas relações sociais na capital catarinense. Assim, a pesquisa busca traçar mudanças no processo migratório, como condições, justificativas, proveniência e religiosidade, e, porquanto, na própria transformação da comunidade árabe estabelecida em Florianópolis, e no crescimento da comunidade muçulmana nas últimas décadas, tanto de origem árabe quanto não-árabe. Ainda, a partir da análise de processos de deslocamento, identificando sentidos de pertencimento às comunidades, será enfoque a análise das últimas décadas do século XXI, onde o elemento “refugiado” parece central para a compreensão da cidade no tempo presente. Palavras-chave: Imigração; Comunidade Árabe e Muçulmana; Florianópolis/SC.
A Expressão da Raiva como Ferramenta de Resgate da Força Vital da Mulher Negra / The Expression of Anger as a tool to Rescue the Vital Force of Black Women negra
Authors: Gama Jonalva Paranã de Araújo , Francisco Maria Cristina
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho tem como finalidade trazer uma discussão sobre o trabalho corporal com mulheres negras com foco no reconhecimento e expressão da raiva construindo Grounding para sustentação da entrega ao amor. Tal interesse surge a partir da minha experiência enquanto mulher negra e profissional de psicologia. No investimento em cuidado psicocorporal na psicoterapia e o no encontro com o povo da comunidade remanescente de quilombo Lage dos Negros/BA, pude me dar conta das marcas ancestrais da diáspora africana, como a restrição corporal e sentimento de não pertencimento provocado pelas vivências racistas, bem como pude, a partir da tomada de consciência, cuidar da minha saúde mental a partir da expressão da raiva. Esses movimentos abriram as possibilidades de entrega ao amor, rompendo com o medo e reelaborando os traumas. Um corpo que precisa reprimir a raiva não tem energia suficiente para dar e receber amor. Palavras-chave: Análise Bioenergética, Psicologia Africana, raiva, amor, mulheres negras.
Addressing Food Insecurity in Food Deserts for Children Through Container Gardening
Authors: Swafford Melinda , Sisk Cara , Branson Janice , Paradis Anthony , Dale Kelsey R. , Fritts Abigail , Boyer Shelby C.
Published: January 2022

Food insecurity is a growing problem across the United States (Coleman-Jensen et al., 2017). Food insecurity means not only lacking in food quantity, but also lacking in quality food containing vital nutrients. Areas where food insecurity exists often are categorized as food deserts:
lacking access to fresh, healthy, and affordable food. Inconvenient access contributes to food insecurity because groceries are purchased primarily at convenience stores or small general markets where inventory items are high in sugar and simple carbohydrates versus fresh produce, which is
more costly (Moshefegh, 2007).
INTERNSHIP FOR PROFESIONAL CAREER: LEARNING FROM VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1 KADEMANGAN BLITAR EAST JAVA
Authors: Mustofa Kalim , Aris Ichwanto Muhammad , Anwar Moh. Khoerul , Dai Weifen  , Asryan Ani  , Putro Setyanto , Yoto  , Widiyanti
Published: January 2022

Internship is a stage of education in Vocational High Schools that trains students to adapt to the business world and practice the competencies they learn in school directly in the industrial world. But unfortunately, not all vocational students who take part in internship programs in the industrial world can be well received. This study wants to look more deeply into how strategic management empowers Vocational High Schools in preparing students for the internship. This research uses mixed methods, more specifically the Embedded Design. Samples were taken randomly as many as 61 teachers and 353 students using the random sampling technique. Through SPACE Matrix analysis, it is known that the appropriate strategy in developing schools is to support an aggressive approach, namely by implementing the SO (Strategy to use power to reach opportunity) strategy. So it can be explained that the profile of Vocational High School 1 Kademangan is stable and can continue to prepare internship students with plans to take advantage of existing opportunities to improve the quality of education.
IMPLEMENTING ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL VALUES IN HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING ON VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Aziz Abdullah Aminuddin , Muhammad Al Fatih  , Makhrus Aulia Izzul Haq
Published: January 2022

Implementing human resource management at Vocational High School Khoiriyah is guided by Islamic boarding school values. The teachers at that school are very heterogeneous. The difference can be seen in the competence and mastery of technology. This study describes the human resource planning carried out by Vocational High School Khoiriyah Hasyim Tebuireng. The method used qualitatively with observations, interviews, and documentation for data collections. The results showed that human resource planning at Vocational High School Khoiriyah was carried out centrally in the quality assurance unit of the Islamic Boarding School. The results of human resource planning were approved by KH M Hasyim Asy’ari Foundation. The implementation of human resource planning at Vocational High School Khoiriyah, on enhancing teacher performance is based on Islamic Boarding School values by prioritizing cultural values. In the process, human resource planning also involves the business and industry for following the expertise program at Vocational High School Khoiriyah Tebuireng.
Imitation Simulation of Transport Flow with the Help of Cellular Automatas
Authors: Alexandrovna Pegachkova Elena , Sha Minggong
Published: January 2022

The article discusses a method for modeling traffic flow on a highway and a network of intersections using cellular automatas. A set of parameters characterizing vehicle drivers is considered, as well as taking into account the influence of the states of turn signals and braking signals of neighboring vehicles when deciding on a maneuver. An algorithm is proposed that describes the procedure for taking into account the factors affecting a possible rearrangement, braking or acceleration when vehicles move along a highway that has separate entrances and exits from it. Possible situations in which a vehicle can go into an accident state are given. A numerical experiment is presented that simulates the theory of three phases of traffic flow, proposed by Boris Kerner [6]
History Of Establishment And Development Of Relations Between The South Caucasus And The EU
Authors: Dadashov Kanan K. , Dadashova Kamilla K. , Abdullayev Nazim N. , Evdokimov Mikhail A. , Mirzoeva Leyla Sh.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the article is to define and analyze the stages of development and formation of relations between the South Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia) and the European Union (EU) and other European organizations in a historical retrospective, as well as to identify possible prospects for expanding and strengthening mutually beneficial cooperation and interaction in the near future. At the same time, the analysis of activities of South Caucasian countries in the European organizations is narrowed to aspects that influence the process of European integration of these countries. Methods. In the research process a wide range of methods of scientific knowledge were used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, systematization, forecasting, comparison. Results. During the research special attention was given to the terms and determinants of the formation of the European vector of development of the countries of the South Caucasus at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries. The evolution of understanding and key aspects of the development and structuring of the EU policy regarding the development strategy of the South Caucasian region in general, as well as the need of participation and support of the South Caucasian countries in maintenance of national security and building state institutions, developing the economy and the humanitarian sphere are defined. In order to conduct a systematic analysis of evolution of relations between European and South Caucasian countries three historical stages were emphasized. Within the framework of each stage initiatives and ongoing cooperative programs are characterized, as well as key areas for establishing partnerships between the South Caucasian republics and European countries. Besides stages of the formation of conditions, the signing of agreements and implementing an action plan for EU membership of the South Caucasian countries were studied in historical retrospective. Conclusion. The results of the study led to the conclusion that, in the 1990s, the EU to a large extent viewed the South Caucasus binded to Moscow, taking into account the presence of Russia in the region and its active actions. The situation changed in 2000s, when the EU’s interests and its interaction with the region deepened, and also after the armed conflict in Georgia, when Europe was concerned about the necessity of respecting and strengthening security in the region. Eventually security policy was supplemented by new dimensions of cooperation such as political, economic, humanitarian.