bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Essential Roles of E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in p53 Regulation
Authors: Sane Sanam , Rezvani Khosrow
Published: February 2017

The ubiquitination pathway and proteasomal degradation machinery dominantly regulate p53 tumor suppressor protein stability, localization, and functions in both normal and cancerous cells. Selective E3 ubiquitin ligases dominantly regulate protein levels and activities of p53 in a large range of physiological conditions and in response to cellular changes induced by exogenous and endogenous stresses. The regulation of p53’s functions by E3 ubiquitin ligases is a complex process that can lead to positive or negative regulation of p53 protein in a context- and cell type-dependent manner. Accessory proteins bind and modulate E3 ubiquitin ligases, adding yet another layer of regulatory control for p53 and its downstream functions. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of p53 regulation by selective E3 ubiquitin ligases and their potential to be considered as a new class of biomarkers and therapeutic targets in diverse types of cancers.
Ecosystem Services from Edible Insects in Agricultural Systems: A Review
Authors: Payne Charlotte , Van Itterbeeck Joost
Published: February 2017

Many of the most nutritionally and economically important edible insects are those that are harvested from existing agricultural systems. Current strategies of agricultural intensification focus predominantly on increasing crop yields, with no or little consideration of the repercussions this may have for the additional harvest and ecology of accompanying food insects. Yet such insects provide many valuable ecosystem services, and their sustainable management could be crucial to ensuring future food security. This review considers the multiple ecosystem services provided by edible insects in existing agricultural systems worldwide. Directly and indirectly, edible insects contribute to all four categories of ecosystem services as outlined by the Millennium Ecosystem Services definition: provisioning, regulating, maintaining, and cultural services. They are also responsible for ecosystem disservices, most notably significant crop damage. We argue that it is crucial for decision-makers to evaluate the costs and benefits of the presence of food insects in agricultural systems. We recommend that a key priority for further research is the quantification of the economic and environmental contribution of services and disservices from edible insects in agricultural systems.
Role of Microstructure Heterogeneity on Fatigue Crack Propagation of Low-Alloyed PM Steels in the As-Sintered Condition
Authors: Mousavinasab Saba , Blais Carl
Published: February 2017

Due to their lower production costs, powder metallurgy (PM) steels are increasingly being considered for replacing wrought counterparts. Nevertheless, the presence of a non-negligible volume fraction of porosity in typical PM steels makes their use difficult, especially in applications where cyclic loading is involved. On the other hand, PM offers the possibility of obtaining steel microstructures that cannot be found in wrought. Indeed, by adequately using alloying strategies based on admixing, pre-alloying, diffusion bonding or combinations of those, it is possible to tailor the final microstructure to obtain a distribution of phases that could possibly increase the fatigue resistance of PM steel components. Therefore, a detailed study of the effect of different microstructural phases on fatigue crack propagation in PM steels was performed using admixed nickel PM steels (FN0208) as well as pre-alloyed PM steels (FL5208). Specimens were pressed and sintered to a density of 7.3 g/cm3 in order to specifically investigate the effect of matrix microstructure on fatigue properties. Fatigue crack growth rates were measured at four different R-ratios, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 for both PM steels. The negative effect of increasing the R-ratio on fatigue properties was observed for both alloys. The crack propagation path was characterized using quantitative image analysis of fracture surfaces. Measurements of roughness profile and volume fractions of each phase along the crack path were made to determine the preferred crack path. Weak Ni-rich ferritic rings in the FN0208 series (heterogeneous microstructure) caused a larger crack deflection compared to the more homogeneous microstructure of the FL5208 series. It was determined that, contrary to results reported in literature, crack propagation does not pass through retained austenite areas even though fatigue cracks propagated predominantly along prior particle boundaries, i.e., intergranular fracture.
The Effects of Calcium Ions on the Flotation of Sillimanite Using Dodecylammonium Chloride
Authors: Chen Zhijie , Ren Zijie , Gao Huimin , Lu Jia , Jin Junxun , Min Fanfei
Published: February 2017

The effects of Ca2+ ions on the flotation of sillimanite using dodecylammonium chloride as a collector were investigated by micro-flotation tests, zeta potential measurements, solution chemistry analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The micro-flotation results indicated that Ca2+ ions remarkably inhibit the flotation of sillimanite in the pH range of 2.0–9.0. The point of zero charge (PZC) of sillimanite changed from 5.4 to 6.1 with the addition of Ca2+ ions. Meanwhile, the calculated concentration of RNH3+ in the sillimanite interface layer decreased in the presence of Ca2+ ions. The results of MD simulation revealed that Ca2+ ions have strong binding energy with the sillimanite (010) surface, and the binding energy of RNH3+ with sillimanite (010) surface reduced in the presence of Ca2+ ions. The conclusions drawn from the computations are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Whole Grains Contribute Only a Small Proportion of Dietary Fiber to the U.S. Diet
Authors: Kranz Sibylle , Dodd Kevin , Juan Wen , Johnson LuAnn , Jahns Lisa
Published: February 2017

Dietary fiber (DF), found in whole fruits, vegetables, and whole grains (WG), is considered a nutrient of concern in the US diet and increased consumption is recommended. The present study was designed to highlight this critical importance of the difference between WG, high-fiber WG, and sources of fiber that are not from WG. The study is based on the two-day diets reported consumed by the nationally representative sample of Americans participating in What We Eat In America, the dietary component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003–2010. Foods consumed were classified into tertiles of DF and WG and the contribution of fiber by differing levels of WG content were examined. Foods containing high amounts of WG and DF only contributed about 7% of total fiber intake. Overall, grain-based foods contributed 54.5% of all DF consumed. Approximately 39% of DF came from grain foods that contained no WG, rather these foods contained refined grains, which contain only small amounts of DF but are consumed in large quantities. All WG-containing foods combined contributed a total of 15.3% of DF in the American diet. Thus, public health messaging needs to be changed to specifically encourage consumption of WG foods with high levels of DF to address both recommendations.
Bio-Based Adhesives and Evaluation for Wood Composites Application
Authors: Ferdosian Fatemeh , Pan Zihe , Gao Guchuhan , Zhao Boxin
Published: February 2017

There has been a rapid growth in research and innovation of bio-based adhesives in the engineered wood product industry. This article reviews the recent research published over the last few decades on the synthesis of bio-adhesives derived from such renewable resources as lignin, starch, and plant proteins. The chemical structure of these biopolymers is described and discussed to highlight the active functional groups that are used in the synthesis of bio-adhesives. The potentials and drawbacks of each biomass are then discussed in detail; some methods have been suggested to modify their chemical structures and to improve their properties including water resistance and bonding strength for their ultimate application as wood adhesives. Moreover, this article includes discussion of techniques commonly used for evaluating the petroleum-based wood adhesives in terms of mechanical properties and penetration behavior, which are expected to be more widely applied to bio-based wood adhesives to better evaluate their prospect for wood composites application.
Nanomaterials for the Selective Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide in Air
Authors: Llobet Eduard , Brunet Jérôme , Pauly Alain , Ndiaye Amadou , Varenne Christelle
Published: February 2017

This paper presents a focused review on the nanomaterials and associated transduction schemes that have been developed for the selective detection of hydrogen sulfide. It presents a quite comprehensive overview of the latest developments, briefly discusses the hydrogen sulfide detection mechanisms, identifying the reasons for the selectivity (or lack of) observed experimentally. It critically reviews performance, shortcomings, and identifies missing or overlooked important aspects. It identifies the most mature/promising materials and approaches for achieving inexpensive hydrogen sulfide sensors that could be employed in widespread, miniaturized, and inexpensive detectors and, suggests what research should be undertaken for ensuring that requirements are met.
Smooth Sensor Motion Planning for Robotic Cyber Physical Social Sensing (CPSS)
Authors: Tang Hong , Li Liangzhi , Xiao Nanfeng
Published: February 2017

Although many researchers have begun to study the area of Cyber Physical Social Sensing (CPSS), few are focused on robotic sensors. We successfully utilize robots in CPSS, and propose a sensor trajectory planning method in this paper. Trajectory planning is a fundamental problem in mobile robotics. However, traditional methods are not suited for robotic sensors, because of their low efficiency, instability, and non-smooth-generated paths. This paper adopts an optimizing function to generate several intermediate points and regress these discrete points to a quintic polynomial which can output a smooth trajectory for the robotic sensor. Simulations demonstrate that our approach is robust and efficient, and can be well applied in the CPSS field.
Research on Energy-Saving Optimization for the Performance Parameters of Rural-Building Shape and Envelope by TRNSYS-GenOpt in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone of China
Authors: Lu Shilei , Tang Xiaolei , Ji Liran , Tu Daixin
Published: February 2017

The aim of this paper is to optimize the building shape parameters and envelope parameters influencing the rural building energy consumption in cold winter and hot summer climate. Several typical models are established and optimized by integrated TRNSYS and GenOpt. Single-objective optimization has provided guidance to the multi-dimensional optimization. Building shape and envelope parameters are considered simultaneously by multi-dimensional optimization. Results of the optimization showed significant reduction in terms of EC (energy consumption). When O (building orientation) was SW (south by west) 10°, LWR (length-width ratio) was 1.1, WWRS (window-wall ratio in south) with the range of 0.6–0.8, ITE (insulation thickness of exterior wall) and ITR (insulation thickness of roof) was 0.05 m and 0.08 m respectively, the building had minimal energy consumption. The results also indicated that the optimal EWT (exterior window type) was plastic single-frame Low-E insulating glazing filled with inert gas, and the optimal shape of building is Re (rectangle). An effective method was provided to optimize the design of the rural building for the purpose of reducing building energy consumption in cold winter and hot summer climate.
Mésalignements du franc CFA et influence de la monnaie ancre
Authors: Gnimassoun Blaise
Published: February 2017

Misalignments of the CFA Franc and Influence of the Anchor Currency.

The euro’s appreciation in the 2000s has revived the debate on the future of the CFA franc. In this paper, we study howthe economic fundamentals of the CFA zone interacted with the evolution of the anchor currency over the 1980-2009 period to form the CFA franc’s real effective exchange rate. We assess the respective impacts of fundamentals and euro trends on CFA franc misalignments and hence on the price competitiveness of the region and its constituent countries. Relying on recent panel cointegration methods, we identify three episodes in which the anchor currency and CFA-zone fundamentals have had relatively differing effects.
Deux discomycètes intéressants récoltés à La Martinique
Authors: Van Vooren Nicolas , Lopez François
Published: February 2017

Deux espèces du genre Cookeina récoltées à La Martinique sont décrites et commentées.
Une méthode d'élevage et de lâcher d'Encarsia berlesei (Howard) (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) parasitoïde de Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Targioni-Tozzetti (Hemiptera, Diaspididae)
Authors: Kreiter Philippe , Thaon Marcel , Clisson Sébastien , Lagadec Michel , Dijoux Laurence , Navarro Eric
Published: February 2017

Une méthode d'élevage et de lâcher d'Encarsia berlesei est proposée afin de lutter contre la cochenille blanche du mûrier en verger de pêcher.
MaLT – Combined Motor and Language Therapy Tool for Brain Injury Patients Using Kinect
Authors: McCrindle Rachel , Robson Holly , Meteyard Lotte , Sperrin Malcom , Smith Andy , Pugh Moyra , Wairagkar Maitreyee
Published: February 2017

Background: The functional connectivity and structural proximity of elements of the language and motor systems result in frequent co-morbidity post brain injury. Although rehabilitation services are becoming increasingly multidisciplinary and “integrated”, treatment for language and motor functions often occurs in isolation. Thus, behavioural therapies which promote neural reorganisation do not reflect the high inter-system connectivity of the neurologically intact brain. As such, there is a pressing need for rehabilitation tools which better reflect and target the impaired cognitive networks.

Objectives: The objective of this research is to develop a combined high dosage therapy tool for language and motor rehabilitation. The rehabilitation therapy tool developed, MaLT (Motor and Language Therapy), comprises a suite of computer games targeting both language and motor therapy that use the Kinect sensor as an interaction device. The games developed are intended for use in the home environment over prolonged periods of time. In order to track patients’ engagement with the games and their rehabilitation progress, the game records patient performance data for the therapist to interrogate.

Methods: MaLT incorporates Kinect-based games, a database of objects and language parameters, and a reporting tool for therapists. Games have been developed that target four major language therapy tasks involving single word comprehension, initial phoneme identification, rhyme identification and a naming task. These tasks have 8 levels each increasing in difficulty. A database of 750 objects is used to programmatically generate appropriate questions for the game, providing both targeted therapy and unique game-play every time. The design of the games has been informed by therapists and by discussions with a Public Patient Involvement (PPI) group.

Results: Pilot MaLT trials have been conducted with three stroke survivors for the duration of 6 to 8 weeks. Patients’ performance is monitored through MaLT’s reporting facility presented as graphs plotted from patient game data. Performance indicators include reaction time, accuracy, number of incorrect responses and hand use. The resultant games have also been tested by the PPI with a positive response and further suggestions for future modifications made.

Conclusion: MaLT provides a tool that innovatively combines motor and language therapy for high dosage rehabilitation in the home. It has demonstrated that motion sensor technology can be successfully combined with a language therapy task to target both upper limb and linguistic impairment in patients following brain injury. The initial studies on stroke survivors have demonstrated that the combined therapy approach is viable and the outputs of this study will inform planned larger scale future trials.
Airport choice model in multiple airport regions
Authors: Muñoz Claudia , Cordoba Jorge , Sarmiento Iván
Published: February 2017

Purpose: This study aims to analyze travel choices made by air transportation users in multi airport regions because it is a crucial component when planning passenger redistribution policies. The purpose of this study is to find a utility function which makes it possible to know the variables that influence users’ choice of the airports on routes to the main cities in the Colombian territory.Design/methodology/approach: This research generates a Multinomial Logit Model (MNL), which is based on the theory of maximizing utility, and it is based on the data obtained on revealed and stated preference surveys applied to users who reside in the metropolitan area of Aburrá Valley (Colombia). This zone is the only one in the Colombian territory which has two neighboring airports for domestic flights. The airports included in the modeling process were Enrique Olaya Herrera (EOH) Airport and José María Córdova (JMC) Airport. Several structure models were tested, and the MNL proved to be the most significant revealing the common variables that affect passenger airport choice include the airfare, the price to travel the airport, and the time to get to the airport.Findings and Originality/value: The airport choice model which was calibrated corresponds to a valid powerful tool used to calculate the probability of each analyzed airport of being chosen for domestic flights in the Colombian territory. This is done bearing in mind specific characteristic of each of the attributes contained in the utility function. In addition, these probabilities will be used to calculate future market shares of the two airports considered in this study, and this will be done generating a support tool for airport and airline marketing policies.
Experimental and Statistical Analysis of the Nitrided Layer Behavior during a Wear Process
Authors: Papadatu Carmen Penelopi , Bordei Marian
Published: February 2017

This paper aimed to develop a statistical analysis and studies the behavior of the thermo-chemically nitrided superficial steel layer characteristics during a dry wear process. The purpose of this study was to prove the causal relation between some characteristics of the superficial layer subjected to a wear process through the correlations between the depth of the worn-out superficial layer (Uh) or the mass loss (Δm) and the applied loading task (Q), during and after three hours of the wear process, taking into account two sliding degrees (ξ). After an experimental program, the obtained values were used to determine a correlation between these variables through an empirical study, to establish a causal relationship between them, using a statistical method. These characteristics were promoted according to behavior of the nitrided layer during the process of wear. To achieve this purpose we used a statistical method. The results of this study allow the prediction of the worn-out layer depth and the mass loss as a function of the normal load value.
Properties of Aluminium-SiCP Composites (Review)
Authors: Noori Muna , Faleh Hazim , Mihai Chisamera , Neagu Gigel , Ştefănescu Florin , Stefan Eduard Marius
Published: February 2017

Aluminium-based Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have become increasingly used for structural applications in various industrial sectors because of their excellent specific stiffness and specific strength. Discontinuously reinforced (DR) Al/SiC metal-matrix composites (MMCs) are modern, lightweight materials which have a very attractive combination of material properties and price. The use of DR Al/SiC MMCs is mostly limited to the military and aerospace, however, these materials are now beginning to penetrate civilian applications. Besides the mechanical behavior, knowledge of the corrosion resistance of DR Al/SiC MMCs is very important, and so the corrosion resistance of Al/SiC composites has been investigated and discussed in comparison with a conventional Al alloy of similar composition.
Obtaining Composite Materials with Technological Role by Incorporating Granular Particles in Metal Matrix
Authors: Bașliu Vasile , Vlad Maria , Movileanu Gelu
Published: February 2017

Our paper aims to develop new materials in view of meeting the requirements of reducing pollution in steel plant production. The concept of composite with technological role based on creating new complex metal matrix with solid particles in granular form has multiple purposes, among which we mention reduction of pollution in steels department and reduction of economic losses through recovery and reusing of granular ferroalloy particles. This paper proposes a method and technology for obtaining composite materials using A6061 aluminium alloy as matrix and granular SiC disperse particles. Due to its high carbon content (30%), the composite can be used as complex deoxidiser and decarburization agent in steel elaboration. For the preparation of these composite A6061/SiC, the Stir Casting Vortex method has been considered in order to ensure a high embedding yields in granular state and it was with conducted a rigorous control of process parameters (temperature, speed of rotation, improved ways of introducing particles in granular state). The obtained composites have been characterized for morphology, chemical composition and structural analysis by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods
The Influence of the Deformation Degree on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of the Blanks Obtained by Tube and Wire Drawing
Authors: Potecaşu Octavian , Potecaşu Florentina , Marin Mihaela , Marin Florin Bogdan , Chicoş Florica
Published: February 2017

In this paper is describe the influence of the deformation degree on the mechanical properties and microstrucure of the blanks obtained by tube and wire drawing. The materials used for this study are represented by two different samples: hot rolled wire rod and wire for concrete reinforcement with periodic profile (drawn wire) with three dimensions of obtained diameter ( d1 = 5.00 mm, d2= 4 mm and d3= 3,5 mm). The results reveal that the strength properties of the samples are increasing with an increase in the degree of deformation, while the plasticity properties are lowering.The purpose of this paper is to evidence the changes in the structure, the strength and plasticity properties depending on the deformation degree and section reducing of the metallic material.
Influence of the Pore Characteristics on Mechanical Properties and Abrasive Wear of Sintered Iron-Based Alloys Subjected to a Thermochemical Treatment
Authors: Marin Mihaela , Potecaşu Florentina , Potecaşu Octavian , Marin Florin Bogdan
Published: February 2017

The aim of this paper is to analyse the effect of the pore morphology on microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties and abrasive wear resistance of iron-based alloys subjected to a thermochemical treatment as carburizing in fluidized bed. The starting materials studied in this paper are represented by pre-alloyed iron base powder obtained by powder metallurgy (P/M) route. The powders were produced by water atomization with different particle sizes (< 45, 45-63, 63-100, 100-150, >150 μm). The raw powders have been mixed with 1% zinc stearate as lubricant and uniaxially compacted into cylindrical specimens at room temperature at 600 MPa. The disc dimensions are 8 6 mm. The green compacts were sintered at 1.150 °C for 90 minutes in a laboratory furnnace. After sintering, a thermochemical treatment was applied. The parameters for the carburizinng in fluidized bed are: temperature of 930 °C and time of 45 minutes. The microstructural characterization was carried out using optical microscopy. The porosity of studied samples were analyzed acording to their microstructural characteristics and chemical composition. The mechanical properties and abrasive wear of the sintered and thermochemical treated samples were evaluated. A correlation between porosity, mechanical properties and abrasive wear was established.
Diversity of physical and cooking quality characters of selected traditional and improved rice varieties in Sri Lanka
Authors: Hettiarachchi H.A.P.W. , Ribeira S.P. , Prasantha B.D.R. , Wickramasinghe H.A.M.
Published: February 2017

Several physical and cooking quality parameters of fifteen traditional and nine hybrid rice varieties were analyzed. All the tested parameters showed significance variations (p<0.05) irrespective of being traditional or hybrid varieties. The highest equivalent diameter was observed in Devaraddiri while lowest was recorded for Sudurusamba. The mean kernel volume values ranged from 4.08±0.01-20.54±0.13 mm3. The highest kernel length of 6.82 mm was observed in At 305 and the lowest value of 3.6 mm was observed in Suwandel. The highest surface area was reported in Devarradiri (5.54±1.07 mm2) while the lowest value (2.35±0.27 mm2) was reported in At 306. Bw 272-6B, Bg 358, Bg 360, Suwandel and Sudurusamba recorded high surface area to volume ratios than others varieties. Bulk density varied from 833.9±1.37 kg/m3 to 754.2±0.918 kg/m3. Bold shape grains of Bg 352, Bg 358, Suwandel and Bw 267-3 had the higher bulk density than slender grains of Dikwee, Iginimitiya, Bg 94-1, At 306 and At 405. Porosity was lower in bold shape grains than in slender grains. Minimum and highest cooking time of 15.00±0.01 min and 31.00±0.24 min were recorded for At 405 and Herathbanda respectively. Slender rice varieties of Dikwee, Iginimitiya, Bg 94-1, At 306 and At 405, showed a lower solid loss than other grains due to their comparatively low surface area.
Development of a portable paper-based microfluidic device for the detection of alcohol in biological fluids
Authors: Gunawardhana D.Y.R. , Kaumal M.N.
Published: February 2017

A paper-based microfluidic device with Agaricus bisporus homogenate as the working electrode modifier was developed based on cyclic voltammetry for quantitative detection of ethanol in biological samples. Mushroom homogenate was mixed with gelatin and combined with carbon paste to prepare a slurry to develop the working electrode on paper. The homogenate contained alcohol oxidase enzyme that catalyzed the degradation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of oxygen. A graphite crystalline pencil (5HB) was used to draw the counter electrode and a silver conductive ink pen was used to draw the reference electrode on the paper. Assay is based on the detection of reduction peaks of remaining oxygen at the working electrode using cyclic voltammetry at potentials between +0.4 and +0.8 V. The expected electrode response showed a linier relationship for ethanol concentrations ranging from 4.0 to 14.0 mM. Phosphate buffer (pH = 7) was used as the supporting electrolyte and it also provided the optimal condition for the activity of alcohol oxidase enzyme extracted from the mushroom tissue. The proposed paper-based device was validated using laboratory prepared samples.
Electromagnetic Compatibility—Component Test Procedure—Part 42—Conducted Transient Emissions
Authors:   Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standards
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard defines a component-level test procedure to evaluate automotive electrical and electronic components for Conducted Emissions of transients, and for other electromagnetic disturbances, along battery feed (B+) or switched ignition inputs of a Device Under Test (DUT). Test apparatus specifications outlined in this procedure were developed for components installed in the 12-V passenger cars, light trucks, 12 V heavy-duty trucks, and vehicles with 24 V systems.
Measurement of Vehicle and Suspension Parameters for Directional Control Studies
Authors:   Vehicle Dynamics Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

The parameters measured according to this SAE Recommended Practice will generally be used in simulating directional control performance in the linear range. (The “linear range” is the steady-state lateral acceleration below which steering wheel angle can generally be considered to be linearly related to lateral acceleration.) But they may be used for certain other simulations (such as primary ride motions), vehicle and suspension characterization and comparison, suspension development and optimization, and processing of road test data.

This document is intended to apply to passenger cars, light trucks, and on-highway recreational and commercial vehicles, both non-articulated and articulated. Measurement techniques are intended to apply to these vehicles, with alterations primarily in the scale of facilities required. But some differences do exist between passenger cars and trucks, especially heavy trucks, such as differences in body/frame flexibility, suspension stiffness, and suspension friction. These will be addressed in this document or SAE J1574-2, where appropriate.
Connector for Fluid Power and General Use - Ports and Stud End with ASME B1.1 Threads and O-Ring Seal - Part 4: External Hex and Internal Hex Inch Port Plugs - Dimensions, Design, Test Methods and Requirements
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This part defines performance requirements, dimensions, and designs for -2 through -32 internal and external hex port plugs for use in SAE J1926-1 ports. Testing and usage through many years confirm the performance requirements of port plugs made from carbon steel. The port plugs were specified in SAE J514 without any performance requirements. They have been developed and tested to gain a 4:1 working pressure rating for industrial applications.

In fluid power systems, power is transmitted and controlled through a fluid (liquid or gas) under pressure within an enclosed circuit. In general applications, a fluid may be conveyed under pressure. Components are connected through their threaded ports by stud ends on fluid conductor fittings to tubes and pipes or to hose fittings and hoses.

For threaded ports and stud ends specified in new designs in hydraulic fluid power applications, only ISO 6149 shall be used. Threaded ports and stud ends in accordance with ISO 1179, ISO 9974, and ISO 11926 are not to be used in new designs in hydraulic fluid power applications.

Conformance to the dimensional information in this part of J1926 does not guarantee rated performance. Each manufacturer should perform testing according to the specification contained in this part of J1926 to assure that components comply with the performance ratings.
Marine Stern Drive and Inboard Spark-Ignition Engine On-Board Diagnostics Implementation Guide
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: February 2017

This document describes the application of the SAE J1939 recommended practices for compliance with on-board diagnostic malfunction detection system requirements for marine sterndrive and inboard spark ignition engines, as mandated by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). These Otto-cycle engines are not derived from automotive diesel-cycle engines.
Coolant Hose(Supplement to SAE J20 for Government Use Replacing Part of MS52130)
Authors:   Non-Hydraulic Hose Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard provides ordering information for any SAE 20R1 through SAE 20R4 hose type (such as EC, HT, LT, or combination thereof.) It is a supplement for Government use but may be used by others.
Coolant Hose—Normal Service Type Convoluted, Wire Support Hose (Supplement to SAE J20 for Government Use Replacing Part of MS51008)
Authors:   Non-Hydraulic Hose Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard provides ordering information for any SAE 20R5 hose type (such as “EC, HT, LT” or combination thereof.) This is a wire-reinforced hose for coolant circulating systems of automotive type engines. This hose consists of a convoluted section with plain ends. The hose shall contain a wire helix or helices in the convoluted section. It is a supplement for Government use but may be used by others.
Digital Annex of Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions and Failure Type Byte Definitions
Authors:   Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

The J2012 Digital Annex of Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
Spreadsheet provides DTC information in an excel format for use in
your organization's work processes. The column headings include
the same information as contained in the J2012
standard.

Information in the excel spreadsheet will be updated several
times annually, and the spreadsheet includes a column heading
denoting which DTC have been updated in the current version.
Connections for Fluid Power and High Pressure Use--Ports, Stud Ends, and Plugs with ISO 261 Threads and O-Ring Sealing--Part 1: Ports with Recessed Conical Seat Requirements, Dimensions, Design, and Test Methods
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This part of SAE J2337 specifies dimensions, design, and performance requirements for eight ports using a conical seal to insure leak proof performance with a design factor of 4 to 1.

Field of Application
These connectors are intended for general and hydraulic systems on industrial equipment and commercial products, where elastomeric seals are acceptable to overcome leakage and variations in assembly procedures. These connectors are capable of providing leak proof full flow connections in hydraulic systems operating from 95 kPa vacuum to the working pressures shown in Table 1. Since many factors influence the pressure at which hydraulic systems will or will not perform satisfactorily, these values should not be construed as guaranteed minimums. For any application, it is recommended that sufficient testing be conducted and reviewed by both the user and manufacturer to ensure that the required performance levels are met.

For use of these connectors in conditions outside the pressure and temperature limits specified, contact the manufacturer.
Connections for Fluid Power and High Pressure Use - Ports, Stud Ends, and Plugs with ISO 261 Threads and O-Ring Sealing - Part 2: Stud End Requirements, Dimensions, Design, and Test Methods
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This part of SAE J2337 specifies dimensions, design, and performance requirements for eight connectors using a conical seal to insure leak proof performance with a design factor of 4 to 1.
Inboard Mounted Disc Brake Rotor/Disc Wheel Hub Interface Dimensions - Commercial Vehicles
Authors:   Truck and Bus Wheel Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes dimensions and tolerances for the interface between inboard mounted disc brake rotors and disc wheel hubs. The geometric features described in this document are shown at true position. This document is intended for inboard mounted disc brake rotors and disc wheel hubs for Class 5, 6, 7, and 8 commercial vehicles. Special and less common applications are not covered.
Personnel Protection - Compact Tool Carriers
Authors:   OPTC1, Personnel Protection (General)
Published: February 2017

This SAE Recommended Practice applies to compact tool carriers sometimes called, but not limited to mini-loaders, mini skid-steer loaders or compact utility loaders. Machines having a seated-operator position are excluded from this standard. However, certain attachments for a compact tool carrier may provide a seated-operator position for the operation of the attachment.
Guide for Reliability Analysis Using the Physics-of-Failure Process
Authors:   Ground Vehicle Reliability Committee
Published: February 2017

The Physics-of-Failure (PoF) is a science-based approach to reliability that uses modeling and simulation to design-in reliability. This approach models the root causes of failures such as fatigue, fracture, wear, and corrosion. Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools have been developed to address various loads, stresses, failure mechanisms and sites. PoF uses knowledge of basic failure processes to prevent failures through robust design and manufacturing practices, and aims to:

Design-in reliability up front;

Eliminate failures prior to testing;

Increase fielded reliability;

Promote rapid, cost effective deployment of Health and Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS);

Improve diagnostic and prognostic techniques and processes; and,

Decrease operational and support costs.

This guide provides a high level overview of the methodology, process and advantages to performing a PoF assessment.
Pedestrian Dummy Full Scale Test Results and Resource Materials
Authors:   Human Biomechanics and Simulations Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

The materials included in this J document are not intended to represent a complete summary of pedestrian safety research activities, but are rather a collection of materials which can be helpful to users of SAE J2782.
Mechanical Systems Physics-of-Failure Analysis Experimental Validation
Authors:   Ground Vehicle Reliability Committee
Published: February 2017

This report details continuing work examining the fatigue life durability of a US Army Trailer. This report describes, through example, a process to evaluate and reduce the experimental data needed for a Mechanical Systems Physics-of-Failure analysis. In addition the report describes the process used to validate the computer simulation models.
Measurement of Minimum Noise Emitted by Road Vehicles
Authors:   Safety and Human Factors Standards Steering Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard is derived from SAE J2805 and specifies an engineering method for measuring the minimum noise emitted by road vehicles. The specifications reproduce the level of noise which is generated by the principal vehicle noise sources consistent with minimal noise emission in urban traffic. The method is designed to meet the requirements of simplicity as far as they are consistent with reproducibility of results under the operating conditions of the vehicle.

The test method requires an acoustic environment which is only obtained in an extensive open space. Such conditions usually exist during:

Measurements of vehicles for regulatory certification

Measurements at the manufacturing stage

Measurements at official testing stations

The results obtained by this method give an objective measure of the noise emitted under the specified conditions of test. It is necessary to consider the fact that the subjective appraisal of the annoyance, perceptibility, and/or detectability of different motor vehicles or classes of motor vehicles due to their noise emission are not simply related to the indications of a sound measurement system. As annoyance, perceptibility, and/or detectability are strongly related to personal human perception, physiological human condition, culture, and environmental conditions, there are large variations and therefore these terms are not useful as parameters to describe a specific vehicle condition.

Spot checks of vehicles chosen at random rarely occur in an ideal acoustic environment. If measurements are carried out on the road in an acoustic environment which does not fulfill the requirements stated in this SAE Standard, the results obtained may deviate appreciably from the results obtained using the specified conditions.

In addition, this standard provides an engineering method to assess the performance of external sound generation systems intended for the purpose of providing acoustic information to pedestrians on a vehicle’s operating condition. This information is reported as objective criteria related to the external sound generation system’s sound pressure level, frequency content, and changes in sound pressure level and frequency content as a function of vehicle speed. As such, these measures can provide pedestrians with information on the location, speed, direction of travel, acceleration, and deceleration behavior of a vehicle.
Auxiliary Power Unit Electrical Interface Requirements for Class Eight Trucks
Authors:   Truck and Bus Electrical Systems Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Recommended Practice covers the design and application of a 120 VAC single phase engine based auxiliary power unit or GENSET. This document is intended to provide design direction for the single phase nominal 120 VAC as it interfaces within the truck architecture providing power to truck sleeper cab hotel loads so that they may operate with the main propulsion engine turned off.
Hydraulic Hybrid Terminology and Definitions
Authors:   Truck and Bus Powertrain Committee
Published: February 2017

As the number of Hydraulic Hybrid Powertrain equipped motor vehicles has increased, the number of terms, abbreviations, and acronyms which describe various components of these systems has increased. For the sake of industry standardization and to bring some order to the proliferation of such terms, abbreviations, and acronyms, the SAE Truck and Bus Hydraulic Hybrid committee prepared this document.
Light Vehicle Dry Stopping Distance
Authors:   Highway Tire Committee
Published: February 2017

This document establishes best practices to measure vehicle stopping distance on dry asphalt in a straight path of travel intended for the purpose of publishing stopping distance by manufacturers and media organizations. It is recommended that the test method within be adopted for all vehicles less than 10 000 lb (4536 kg) GVWR. This procedure is typically used with initial speeds of 100 km/h and 60 mph, but other speeds may be used.
Hybrid and EV First and Second Responder Recommended Practice
Authors:   Hybrid - EV Committee
Published: February 2017

xEVs involved in incidents present unique hazards associated with the high voltage system (including the battery system). These hazards can be grouped into 3 categories: chemical, electrical, and thermal. The potential consequences can vary depending on the size, configuration and specific battery chemistry. Other incidents may arise from secondary events such as garage fires and floods. These types of incidents are also considered in the recommended practice (RP). This RP aims to describe the potential consequences associated with hazards from xEVs and suggest common procedures to help protect emergency responders, tow and/or recovery, storage, repair, and salvage personnel after an incident has occurred with an electrified vehicle. Industry design standards and tools were studied and where appropriate, suggested for responsible organizations to implement.

Nickel metal hydride (NiMH) and lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries used for vehicle propulsion power are the assumed battery systems of this RP. These battery chemistries are the prevailing technologies associated with high voltage vehicle electrification today and the foreseeable future. The hazards associated with these specific battery chemistries are addressed in this RP. Other chemistries and alternative propulsion systems including Fuel Cells are not considered in this version of SAE J2990.
Measurement and Characterization of Electronically Controlled All-Wheel Drive/Driveline Coupling Systems
Authors:   Drivetrain Standards Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Recommended Practice covers the most common applications of electronically controlled on-demand AWD couplings used in passenger (car and light truck) vehicle applications.
Vehicle Electromagnetic Immunity - Off-Vehicle Source
Authors:   Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standards
Published: February 2017

This part of SAE J551 specifies off-vehicle radiation source test methods and procedures for testing passenger cars and
commercial vehicles.

Two methods for calibrating electromagnetic fields are defined in the document: a substitution method and a closed-loop
method. The substitution method is the method most commonly used.

SAE J551-1 specifies general, definitions, practical use, and basic principles of the test procedure.
Vehicle Electromagnetic Immunity—Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
Authors:   Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standards
Published: February 2017

This SAE Standard specifies the ESD test methods and procedures necessary to evaluate electronic modules intended for vehicle use. It describes test procedures for evaluating electronic modules in complete vehicles.

A procedure for verifying the simulator that is used to generate the electrostatic discharges is given in Appendix A.

Functional status classifications for immunity to ESD are given in Appendix B.
Heraklova blaznost pri Evripidu
Authors: Zupančič Polonca
Published: February 2017

V Evripidovi tragediji Heraklova blaznost ima pojav blaznosti osrednjo vlogo, saj je neposredno povezan s prelomnim dogodkom v junakovem življenju: Herakles namreč v blaznosti pobije svoje otroke in ženo ter se tako iz heroja prelevi v morilca. Pri tem se seveda postavlja vprašanje, ali je ta blaznost notranjega ali zunanjega izvora. V prispevku želim zato raziskati opise blaznosti v tragediji ter izpostaviti različne interpretacije pojava in tragedije kot celote; te interpretacije bom zaradi večje preglednosti združila v posamezne sklope glede na njihovo osrednjo poanto. Pri tem bom poskušala ne samo prikazati mnogovrstnost razlag, pač pa tudi opozoriti na večplastnost Evripidovih del.
Homerski motivi v Kavafisovi pesmi »Priamova pot ponoči«
Authors: Fabjan Andritsakos Dragica
Published: February 2017

Članek obravnava homerske motive v pesmi »Priamova pot ponoči« sodobnega grškega pesnika Konstantina P. Kavafisa. Gre za eno od desetih pesmi z mitološko tematiko.Članek v prvem delu primerja Kavafisov pristop k obravnavi motiva, ki se nanaša na 24. spev Iliade in obravnava Priamovo pot k Ahilu. Ob tem se dotika tudi vprašanja Kavafisovih virov: se pesnik opira na starogrški izvirnik ali na prevod v novo grščino? V drugem delu članek podrobneje analizira mesta v pesmi, ki se tesno navezujejo na ep, v zaključku pa osvetli Kavafisov odmik od mita, ki je najbolj radikalen v zaključku pesmi.
Senatus consultum de Cn. Pisone patre (CIL II2 5.900) in Tacitov opis procesa proti Gneju Pizonu
Authors: Lovenjak Milan
Published: February 2017

V članku obravnavam sklep senata v sodnem procesu proti Gn. Kalpurniju Pizonu St. ‒ osumljencu za Germanikovo smrt (10. okt. 19) in povzročitve državljanske vojne ‒, ki ga poznamo po zaslugi šestih kopij na bronastih ploščah, najdenih v provinci Sevilli na jugu Španije. Dogodke okrog Germanikove smrti in proces proti Pizonu podrobneje opisuje tudi Tacit v 2. in 3. knjigi Analov. Njegova pripoved v marsičem odstopa od »uradne« različice dogodkov na bronastih ploščah, bodisi zaradi časovne odmaknjenosti zgodovinarja ali zaradi načina njegovega pisanja, ki ne sledi vedno kronološki natančnosti.
Alkvin iz Yorka: Naloge za ostrenje mladega uma
Authors: Kuntner Rok
Published: February 2017

Naloge za ostrenje mladega uma (lat. Propositiones ad acuendos iuvenes) nam nudijo vpogled v pouk aritmetike in geometrije v Alkvinovi šoli, pa tudi v drugih samostanskih in cerkvenih šolah širom po frankovski državi. Naloge, ki vsebujejo 56 problemov z rešitvami, so najstarejša zbirka problemov iz razvedrilne matematike v latinščini in tako tudi najstarejše pričevanje o rabi matematike v pedagoške namene v Evropi. Najstarejšo omembo Nalog najdemo v 75. pismu Alkvinove korespondence s Karlom Velikim, ki ga datirajo v leto 799 ali 800. V pismu lahko preberemo med drugim tudi odlomek, ki se glasi: »Misi excellentiae vestrae [...] aliquas figuras arithmeticae subtilitatis, laetitiae causa.« (»Vaši visokosti sem v razvedrilo poslal [...] nekaj oblik aritmetične ostrine.«) Omenjene figurae sicer žal niso vključene v pismo, vendar pa je zelo verjetno, da gre za zbirko Propositiones ad acuendos iuvenes, ki so se v večini rokopisov ohranile pod Alkvinovim imenom.