bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Wave Propagation in the Unsaturated Soils Using Boundary Element Method
Authors: Petrov Andrey , Aizikovich Sergey , Igumnov Leonid A.
Published: July 2017

Problems of wave propagation in poroelastic bodies and media are considered. The behavior of the poroelastic medium is described by Biot theory for partially saturated material. Mathematical model is written in term of five basic functions – elastic skeleton displacements, pore water pressure and pore air pressure. Boundary element method (BEM) is used with step method of numerical inversion of Laplace transform to obtain the solution. Research is based on direct boundary integral equation of three-dimensional isotropic linear theory of poroelasticity. Green’s matrices and, based on it, boundary integral equations are written for basic differential equations in partial derivatives. Discrete analogue are obtained by applying the collocation method to a regularized boundary integral equation. To approximate the boundary consider its decomposition to a set of quadrangular and triangular 8-node biquadratic elements, where triangular elements are treated as singular quadrangular. Every element is mapped to a reference one. Interpolation nodes for boundary unknowns are a subset of geometrical boundary-element grid nodes. Local approximation follows the Goldshteyn’s generalized displacement-stress matched model: generalized boundary displacements are approximated by bilinear elements whereas generalized tractions are approximated by constant. Integrals in discretized boundary integral equations are calculated using Gaussian quadrature in combination with singularity decreasing and eliminating algorithms.
The Effect of a Severe Plastic Deformation by Groove Pressing on the Grain Structure of the Al-Mg Alloy
Authors: Moskvichev Evgeny N. , Skripnyak Vladimir V. , Lychagin Dmitry V. , Krasnoveikin Vladimir A.
Published: July 2017

In this article, the effect of a severe plastic deformation (SPD) achieved by groove pressing (GP) on the grain structure and mechanical properties of a rolled sheet Al-Mg alloy was investigated. The study of the microstructure of the samples before and after processing was carried out by means of electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical properties of the samples were experimentally studied under uniaxial tension in quasi-static conditions, and microhardness testing was implemented. It was found that the conventional yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increase by the factor of 1.4 and 1.5, respectively; and the microhardness increases by approximately 2.7 times after four machining sequences of the rolled sheet alloy. A bimodal grain structure, consisting of two grain types with particular features, is formed in the samples after four machining sequences of GP.
The Hybrid Effective Modules of Viscoelastic Composites
Authors: Svetashkov Alexander , Simankin Fedor , Kupriyanov Nikolay , Lushnikov Aleksandr
Published: July 2017

The formulation of a new mathematical model of deformed viscoelastic composite is shown in the work. The method of constructing a model is based on commonality problems of determining the effective modules of inhomogeneous elastic composites and viscoelastic bodies, which demonstrate the dependence of the mechanical properties from the duration of load action. Mathematical model of hybrid efficient modules has been constructed on the superposition of expressions for known effective modules of Voigt and Reuss, Hashin and Shtrikman. The new model summarizes the properties of classical approximate approaches. We have shown that the calculations of stress-strain state with the help of new effective characteristics provide a more accurate prediction in comparison with known models.
Сomputer Simulation of Machining
Authors: Zvonarev Ivan Evgenevich , Folomkin Andrey Igorevich , Muratbakeev Eduard Hamitovich
Published: July 2017

The present paper presents the results of an analysis of the functioning principles of contemporary CAD systems and of their capabilities for modern process modelling. Requirements to process modelling software have been set forth. Physical processes during cutting of metals have been considered. The selection of Delphi programming environment has been substantiated. An interface, an algorithm and a program code for part machining modelling software has been developed for an all-purpose thread-cutting lathe with 3D graph involvement in OpenGL. A description of the software work and its specifications have been provided. Ways have been defined for further improvement and development of the developed software, as well as its promising application fields.
Optimization of Solid Rocket Motor Quenching in Gas Dynamic Tunnels during Firing Bench Tests
Authors: Shaidurova Galina Ivanovna , Patrulin Sergey Vladimirovich , Nazartsev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2017

The paper presents the experimental results that allow determining optimum quenching conditions for solid rocket motors (SRM) at the stage of firing bench tests (FBT) in gas dynamic tunnels (GDT) with altitude simulation. The work describes main design approaches for quenching unit enabling reduced thermal insulation (TI) destruction by 15-20% after finish of SRM operation due to aftereffect decrease, as well as reduced values of scattering of TI undamaged layer thickness up to 10% owing to uniform cooling.If necessary, drying accompanied with emissions of TI gaseous products and remnants of k-phase fuel components is run in GDT, which allows improving environmental safety of working facilities and shortening the time for evaluation of SRM design parameters.
Features of the Metal Structure Formation in Cryogenic Equipment during Long-Term Operation at 4.2 K
Authors: Ermakov Boris S. , Ermakov Sergey , Salokeeva Alyona
Published: July 2017

This study discusses the role of thermal processes, including repair welding, and maintenance heat-up of cryogenic equipment, in the alteration of the properties of base metal and formation of thermal impact zones during repair and installation of joints from chromium-nickel steels with different nickel content. The tests have confirmed the primary role of nickel in the change of the properties of base metal and welded joints of low-temperature structures during operation and maintenance heat-up. It was shown that maintenance, repair and welding heat-up can lead to structure alteration and material embrittlement, which occurs in all steels, regardless of nickel content. The research has identified the areas that are potentially dangerous from the perspective of the brittle defect evolution in cryogenic equipment operating under complex thermal cycles during operation or maintenance heat-ups.
Investigation of Structure and Magnetic Properties of 36NiCrTiAl Alloy and 12Cr18Ni10Ti Steel Welded Joints
Authors: Korotkova Elena , Kveglis Lyudmila , Akhmedzhanov Beysen , Vershinin Igor
Published: July 2017

The comparative experimental study of the effect of various types of heat treatment on the formation of the structure and magnetic properties of welded joints 36NHTYU and 12Cr18Ni10Ti alloys was conducted. It is shown that heat treatment 36NiCrTiAl and 12Cr18Ni10Ti welded joints changes the structural and magnetic properties.
Study of the Sorption Properties of Synthetic Sorbents Produced Based on Alumino-Phenylsiloxane
Authors: Samus Mariya A. , Krasitskaya Svetlana G. , Balanov Mikhail I. , Morgun Natalia P. , Tsvetnov Mikhail A.
Published: July 2017

The paper has demonstrated that modification of alumino-phenylsiloxane alkaline solution at different molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to alumino-phenylsiloxane in a heterogeneous system of toluene-water produces synthetic sorbents. The compounds were characterized by the methods of elemental analysis, FTIR and XRD spectroscopy. The study of specific surface area and pore size distribution showed that the sorbents have more extended surface as compared to the original alumino-phenylsiloxane. The determination of sorption activity of the products by methylene blue has showed that their sorption activity exceeds that of natural zeolite.
Optimization of the Blast Furnace Operating Modes for Identification of the Areas of Unimprovable Solutions
Authors: Kazarinov Lev , Shnayder Dmitry , Barbasova Tatyana
Published: July 2017

This work reviews the issues of modeling of the operating modes for a blast furnace and identification of areas of unimprovable solutions on a set of indicators of cast iron output, coke consumption, and thermal state. These areas define the boundaries of potential opportunities for achieving high values of quality of the blast-furnace processes on a set of real-life operating modes of a blast furnace. They also indicate the reserves of coke consumption reduction and output enhancement, which might be implemented by optimal choice of a blast furnace operating mode and which enable the reasonable choice of the operating mode of a blast furnace based on the potential opportunities for increasing the output, minimizing coke consumption for the specified coke quality and the specified requirements to the furnace thermal state.
Separation Features in Hydrocarbon Media at Thermobaric Regimes of Petroleum Preparation Devices Functioning
Authors: Nikolayev Eugenii V. , Kharlamov Sergey N. , Meucci Laura
Published: July 2017

In this paper the features of separation processes modelling are analyzed in hydrocarbonic media within the limits of thermodynamics of equilibrium states. Approaches to calculation of phase equilibrium in multicomponent systems are discussed. Regularities and peculiarities of composition change of gas mixture depending on the temperature and pressure are studied. It has been established that there are specific conditions of non-monotonic change of composition with extremums for some separation regimes that significantly influences the physical properties and intensity of exchange processes at the heat-and mass transfer in multicomponent hydrocarbon media. In addition, the details of the behavior of gas phase with changing its thermal and physical properties have been discussed. Also, the calculated distributions of Prandtl, Schmidt and Lewis-Semenov numbers essentially influencing on the intensity of transport processes are considered.
Analysis of Accumulation and Crystallization of Boric Acid in the Reactor Core during WWER Emergency Operation
Authors: Morozov Andrei V. , Pityk Anna V. , Ragulin Sergei V. , Soshkina Aleksandra S.
Published: July 2017

The results of hand calculation of boric acid accumulation in the core in a new generation WWER-TOI reactor in case of LOCA are presented. Variants of reducing the H3BO3 concentration in the HA-3 system down to 1, 2, 4 and 8 g/kg are considered. The mass of boric acid deposits on the core internals depending on the value of boric acid concentration in the HA-3 system is determined. The obtained results allow concluding that the accumulation and crystallization of boric acid in the core is possible.
Composition Development and Production Technology of Stone Casting Silicate Materials and Items
Authors: Artemov Arseny O. , Ignatov Michael N. , Ignatova Anna M. , Naumov Stanislav V.
Published: July 2017

Though silicate-oxide materials are in demand in all industries, inclusive of defense industry, their application is limited by manufacturing capability of their formation. Therefore, range expansion of manufacturing capability of forming silicate-oxide materials is an important issue. Casting technology allows obtaining fair-sized items and composite pattern at lower cost. It is used for silicate-oxide materials in petrurgical (stone casting) manufacturing, the melt for stone casting technology being often received by electric arc method.
Technology of Ti-Al-Nb Obtaining by Use of Spark Plasma Sintering Method
Authors: Kozhahmetov Ernat , Karakozov Batyrzhan , Kurbanbekov Sherzod Rustambekovich
Published: July 2017

This method grants effective control of the porosity of the sintering materials and ability to obtain compactly packed samples, where simple pressing is not feasible. Spark plasma sintering is one of the probable methods that could lead to larger energy efficiency in material manufacturing. Upon use of SPS, there is no need to “pre-heat” the material by use of pressure or additional use of connecting agents or components. Manufacture of the components is being finished at the instant. Initial microstructure of the powder is being saved. Besides, with use of analyzing method, it is possible to obtain material of the new type, ones that are have resistance to heat. Use of SPS technology could imply lesser time of sintering for highly packed specimens. Decrease of time implies decrease of microstructural changes as a result of diffusion controlled phase changes. Taking into account what has been mentioned above, choosing the best suitable regime for Ti-Al-Nb proposes a variety of intermetallic junctions and could be used for creation of alloys with different physical-mechanical properties. This study concentrates on optimal regime of obtaining intermetallic junction based on Ti-Al-Nb with use of spark plasma sintering.
Ore Mineralization in Adular-Fluorite Metasomatites: Evidence of the Podgolechnoe Alkalic-Type Epithermal Gold Deposit (Central Aldan Ore District, Russia)
Authors: Leontev Vasilii Ivanovich , Bushuev Yackov Yur’evich
Published: July 2017

The Podgolechnoe deposit, which belongs to the alkalic-type (A-type) epithermal gold-ore deposits, lies in the Central Aldan ore district (Russia). Gold-ore mineralization is associated with a volcano-plutonic complex made of rocks of the monzonite-syenite formation (J3–K1). The ore bodies are localized in the crushing zones developed after crystalline schists, gneisses, and granites of the crystalline basement complexes (Ar–Pr). Metasomatic alterations in host rocks have potassic specialization. Vein ore minerals are adular, fluorite, roscoelite, sericite, and carbonate. Ore minerals are pyrite, galena, sphalerite, cinnabar, brannerite, monazite, bismuth telluride, stutzite, hessite, petzite, montbraite, and native gold. The deposit has been explored as a gold-ore deposit, however, due to complex composition of ores there is a need to reveal the possibilities of the integrated development of this deposit. This could provide for a reserve increment and an increase in the gross recoverable value of ores due to the extraction of associated components.
Methods of Increasing Strength of Aluminosilicate Ceramics Based on Semi-Flint Clay Raw Materials
Authors: Vakalova Tatyana V. , Devyashina Larisa P. , Potapova Anastasia P.
Published: July 2017

The paper investigates the peculiarities of the chemical and mineralogical compositions of semi-flint kaolins and their behavior under heating up to 1500 °C. It was found that the sintering process of kaolin clay raw materials depends on the temperature of their preliminary calcining, method of milling after the thermal treatment and application of mineralizing additives. In the case of Borovichy kaolin, preliminary calcining at 850 °C and 980 °C and its subsequent milling increase the material strength after sintering calcining at the temperature of 1400–1450 °C at the expense of uniform sintering and the formation of a homogeneous microstructure of sintered material.
The Impact of Microwaves of Different Timing on the Structural and Chemical Characteristics of a Carbonaceous Natural Material
Authors: Kashkina Lyudmila Vasilevna , Petrakovskaya Eleanora Anatolievna , Yemelyanova Tatyana Yuryevna , Stebeleva Olesya Pavlovna
Published: July 2017

Changes in the properties of brown Kansk-Achinsk coal after exposure to microwaves have been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron magnetic resonance (EMR). The size composition of the samples has been investigated. The structure of coal has been found to be similar to the structure of multicomponent organic glass. The analysis of the changes in the EMR spectra of the coal samples (300 K, 83 K) exposed to microwaves has been found to gather information about the structural transformation taking place in the coal matter.
Obtaining a Metal Composition Material by Dynamic Interaction of the Melt with Reinforcing Fibers
Authors: Chernikov Dmitrij , Glushchenkov Vladimir
Published: July 2017

Approbation results of the method for obtaining of the metallic composite material via dynamic impregnation of the fiber with Al alloy using pulse-magnetic field are presented. Process schemes and factors improving adhesive properties and wetting quality of the fiber with the alloy are shown. Results of experimental investigation of the process and external view of the metallic composite samples are given.
Features of the Defectiveness of Nanomodified High-Strength Lightweight Concrete Based on Hollow Microspheres
Authors: Inozemtcev Alexandr  Sergeevich , Korolev Evgeniy Valerjevich
Published: July 2017

The paper presents the results of defectiveness study of high-strength lightweight concrete. It was shown that the three stages of the acoustic emission energy kinetics with different intensity and duration characterize the processes of defect formation. It was found that the introduction of hollow ceramic microspheres into fine-grained sand concrete to a certain extent provides the formation of the concrete structure with a longer "safety zone" (i.e. the stage when the load increase does not lead to a substantial increase in acoustic emission energy and strains). It was found that the reduction of the structural defects of high-strength lightweight concrete with high content of hollow microspheres is possible by the use of nanomodifier at the phase boundary. It was shown that the greater effect is achieved for nanomodified high-strength lightweight concrete with average density of 1300-1500 kg/m3.
A Technology for Production of Carbon-Graphite-Aluminium Alloy Composite and Areas of its Application
Authors: Gulevskiy Viktor Alexandrovich , Golovinov Pavel Stanislavovich , Knyazeva Anna Sergeevna , Kidalov Nikolay Alexeevich
Published: July 2017

The article describes a technology for producing carbon-graphite-aluminium composite by non-autoclave gasless impregnation of a carbon-graphite skeleton by matrix alloy of aluminium and presents the results of testing, application areas and assessment of the properties of obtained composites as well.
The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Shape Memory Effect and Superelasticity in NiMnGa Single Crystals
Authors: Pichkaleva Maria , Timofeeva Ekaterina , Tagiltsev Anton , Panchenko Elena , Chumlyakov Yuriy
Published: July 2017

It was shown in Ni53Mn25Ga22 single crystals that the annealing at 1273 K for 1 h followed by slow cooling, at which the (L21+γ)-structure is formed, provides the increase of crystals plasticity as compared with the brittle initial L21-single crystals. The increase of critical stresses by more than 2 times (up to σ > 150 MPa), at which the cooling/heating cycles under stress are accompanied by sample destruction, is observed. Moreover, the value of thermal hysteresis is increased by 1.5 times and the perfect curve of superelasticity is observed at T=423 K.
Postmortem microbiology as a routine tool for legal-medicine in Italy: is it time?
Authors: D'Aleo Francesco , Bonanno Roberta , Bianco Giovanna , Trunfio Antonino
Published: July 2017

Postmortem microbiology may be important to determine the cause of the death. We report a case study of Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis where the lack of sampling standardization and poor knowledge of this tool could affect medical-legal investigation.
Primary and secondary prevention of human papillomavirus-associated cancer: it's not all about women
Authors: Venturoli Simona , Sambri Vittorio
Published: July 2017

Not available
The role of psychological contract on employee commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour: A study of Indonesian young entrepreneurs in management action
Authors: Anggraeni Ade I. , Dwiatmadja Christantius , Yuniawan Ahyar
Published: July 2017

Orientation: This study aims to analyse the entrepreneurship-driven reasons and characteristics of employee management of the young generation, by analysing the role of psychological contract on employee commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour in the light of the characteristics of the millennial generation as the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises.Research purpose: The main objective of this study was to empirically analyse the effect of the psychological contract and organisational support on the organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour of the employees of small-scale enterprises run by young entrepreneurs, especially in the cohort generation.Motivation for the study: This study attempts to analyse the characteristics of the millennial generation as the owners of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in running the business by examining their managerial characteristics in managing workplace relationship that aims to achieve the stakeholder expectations and improve both commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour of employees.Research design, approach and method: Data were collected in the SMEs owned by young entrepreneurs in a city in Indonesia involving 150 respondents. The research model was tested using Structural Equation Modelling with analysis of moment structure (AMOS).Main findings: The results showed that the employee citizenship behaviour is influenced by the organisational commitment. The commitment of employees was formed by the ability of business owners to understand the needs and expectations of employees regarding opportunities of self-development, pleasant working environment, the benefit as the workload and the work challenge.Practical and managerial implications: This study implies the need for academic institutions and policy makers to get involved in addressing the rising phenomenon of entrepreneurship among the young generation.Contribution and added-value: This study mainly considered the characteristics of young entrepreneurs as the main factor in explaining the success of employee management relationship of SMEs.
GEOGRAPHIC POTENTIAL FOR OUTBREAKS OF MARBURG HEMORRHAGIC FEVER
Authors: PETERSON A. TOWNSEND , LASH R. RYAN , CARROLL DARIN S. , JOHNSON KARL M.
Published: July 2017

Marburg virus represents one of the least well-known of the hemorrhagic fever-causing viruses worldwide; in particular, its geographic potential in Africa remains quite mysterious. Ecologic niche modeling was used to explore the geographic and ecologic potential of Marburg virus in Africa. Model results permitted a reinterpretation of the geographic point of infection in the initiation of the 1975 cases in Zimbabwe, and also anticipated the potential for cases in Angola, where a large outbreak recently (2004–2005) occurred. The geographic potential for additional outbreaks is outlined, including in several countries in which the virus is not known. Overall, results demonstrate that ecologic niche modeling can be a powerful tool in understanding geographic distributions of species and other biologic phenomena such as zoonotic disease transmission from natural reservoir populations.
IMMUNE RESPONSE AND OCCURRENCE OF DENGUE INFECTION IN THAI CHILDREN THREE TO EIGHT YEARS AFTER VACCINATION WITH LIVE ATTENUATED TETRAVALENT DENGUE VACCINE
Authors: CHANTHAVANICH PORNTHEP , LUXEMBURGER CHRISTINE , SIRIVICHAYAKUL CHUKIAT , LAPPHRA KESWADEE , PENGSAA KRISANA , YOKSAN SUTEE , SABCHAREON ARUNEE , LANG JEAN
Published: July 2017

From 1992 to 1997, 140 Thai children 4–15 years of age received an investigational live attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine (LATDV). These children were contacted 3–8 years later in 2001 to assess humoral immunity and investigate whether they were subsequently at higher risk of developing severe dengue. One hundred thirteen were successfully contacted and participated in this retrospective cohort study with two age- and address-matched controls per vaccinee. The number of vaccinated subjects with neutralizing antibodies increased compared with 3–8 years earlier, which was probably due to subsequent wild-type dengue infections. There were no excess hospitalizations for clinically suspected dengue fever (DF) or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in vaccinees (one with DF and three with DHF) compared with controls (14 with DHF). Results suggest that preexisting dengue antibodies induced by LATDV do not enhance dengue illness, and the use of the vaccine in a dengue-endemic area is safe.
NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE AND THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HUMAN Q FEVER IN THE UNITED STATES, 1978–2004
Authors: McQUISTON JENNIFER H. , HOLMAN ROBERT C. , McCALL CANDACE L. , CHILDS JAMES E. , SWERDLOW DAVID L. , THOMPSON HERBERT A.
Published: July 2017

Although Q fever is considered enzootic in the United States, surveillance for human Q fever has been historically limited. From 1978 through 1999, 436 cases (average = 20 per year) of human Q fever were reported. After Q fever became nationally reportable in 1999, 255 human Q fever cases (average = 51 per year) were reported with illness onset during 2000 through 2004. The median age of cases was 51 years, and most cases were male (77%). The average annual incidence of Q fever was 0.28 cases per million persons, and was highest in persons 50–59 years of age (0.39 cases per million). State-specific incidence ranged from a high of 2.40 cases per million persons in Wyoming, to 0 cases in some states. Since Q fever became reportable, case reports have increased by more than 250%. Surveillance for Q fever is essential to establish the distribution and magnitude of disease and to complement U.S. bioterrorism preparedness activities.
Wage-led, debt-led growth in an open economy*
Authors: Caldentey Esteban Pérez , Vernengo Matías
Published: July 2017

We argue that a fundamental difference between the various post-Keynesian approaches to economic growth lies in their treatment of investment. Neo-Kaleckian models, which are more appropriately Robinsonian models, postulate an investment function dependent on profitability, and that is partly autonomous from income. Some of these models rely on the importance of profitability, captured by the profit share, to make the case for profit-led growth. For their part, Kaldorian models, which are in our view compatible with Sraffian models, place the emphasis on the accelerator in the determination of investment. More importantly, since investment is a derived demand, that is, ruled by the adjustment of capacity to autonomous demand, there is a tendency to a normal level of capacity utilization. These are supermultiplier models. In our view the Kaldorian approach is better equipped to deal with some of the issues relating income distribution to accumulation with effective demand in an open economy in the long run. We develop an open economy model to examine the conditions under which an increase in real wages can produce wage-led growth, showing that the limit to wage-led expansion is a binding external constraint. The model is unique in emphasizing the role of income distribution in affecting real exchange rates, and it is through this channel that the ambiguous effects of income distribution on growth arise. We also provide some evidence indicating that real wages are positively related to growth, investment, and capacity utilization, and we highlight the role of finance in sustaining expansions suggesting that debt-led growth should not be identified with profit-led growth.
Pragmatic Language Outcomes of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder After Therapist- and Parent-Delivered Play-Based Interventions: Two One-Group Pretest–Posttest Studies With a Longitudinal Component
Authors: Wilkes-Gillan Sarah , Munro Natalie , Cordier Reinie , Cantrill Alycia , Pearce Wendy
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVE. The pragmatic language outcomes of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were explored across two feasibility studies.

METHOD. Five children with ADHD (ages 6–11 yr), their parents, and 5 typically developing peers completed an assessment 18 mo after a therapist-delivered intervention (Study 1). Participants then completed a parent-delivered intervention (Study 2). Blinded ratings of peer-to-peer play interactions documented changes in children’s pragmatic language 18 mo after the Study 1 intervention and before, immediately after, and 1 mo after the Study 2 intervention. Nonparametric statistics and Cohen’s d were used to measure change.

RESULTS. Children’s pragmatic language outcomes were maintained 18 mo after the therapist-delivered intervention and significantly improved from before to 1 mo after the parent-delivered intervention.

CONCLUSION. Interventions involving occupational therapist and speech–language pathologist collaboration, play, and parent and peer involvement may facilitate children’s pragmatic language skills.
G20 safeguards digital economy vulnerabilities with a financial sector focus
Authors: Carin Barry
Published: July 2017

The G20 can ensure a secure, resilient, sustainable and responsible digital economy, especially in the financial sector, by removing vulnerabilities in Internet infrastructure, encouraging crossborder cooperation, providing guidance to telecommunications regulators and implementing norms regarding cyber-attacks.
Carbon dioxide and methane measurements from the Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project – Part 1: calibration, urban enhancements, and uncertainty estimates
Authors: Verhulst Kristal R. , Karion Anna , Kim Jooil , Salameh Peter K. , Keeling Ralph F. , Newman Sally , Miller John , Sloop Christopher , Pongetti Thomas , Rao Preeti , Wong Clare , Hopkins Francesca M. , Yadav Vineet , Weiss Ray F. , Duren Riley M. , Miller Charles E.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. We report continuous surface observations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from the Los Angeles (LA) Megacity Carbon Project during 2015. We devised a calibration strategy, methods for selection of background air masses, calculation of urban enhancements, and a detailed algorithm for estimating uncertainties in urban-scale CO2 and CH4 measurements. These methods are essential for understanding carbon fluxes from the LA megacity and other complex urban environments globally. We estimate background mole fractions entering LA using observations from four extra-urban sites including two marine sites located south of LA in La Jolla (LJO) and offshore on San Clemente Island (SCI), one continental site located in Victorville (VIC), in the high desert northeast of LA, and one continental/mid-troposphere site located on Mount Wilson (MWO) in the San Gabriel Mountains. We find that a local marine background can be established to within  ∼  1 ppm CO2 and  ∼  10 ppb CH4 using these local measurement sites. Overall, atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane levels are highly variable across Los Angeles. Urban and suburban sites show moderate to large CO2 and CH4 enhancements relative to a marine background estimate. The USC (University of Southern California) site near downtown LA exhibits median hourly enhancements of  ∼  20 ppm CO2 and  ∼  150 ppb CH4 during 2015 as well as  ∼  15 ppm CO2 and  ∼  80 ppb CH4 during mid-afternoon hours (12:00–16:00 LT, local time), which is the typical period of focus for flux inversions. The estimated measurement uncertainty is typically better than 0.1 ppm CO2 and 1 ppb CH4 based on the repeated standard gas measurements from the LA sites during the last 2 years, similar to Andrews et al. (2014). The largest component of the measurement uncertainty is due to the single-point calibration method; however, the uncertainty in the background mole fraction is much larger than the measurement uncertainty. The background uncertainty for the marine background estimate is  ∼  10 and  ∼  15 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement near downtown LA for CO2 and CH4, respectively. Overall, analytical and background uncertainties are small relative to the local CO2 and CH4 enhancements; however, our results suggest that reducing the uncertainty to less than 5 % of the median mid-afternoon enhancement will require detailed assessment of the impact of meteorology on background conditions.
Los derechos laborales de los servidores públicos de la Policía Nacional Civil: Una aproximación socio-jurídica
Authors: Coca Muñoz Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2017

Sobre los policías recae una de las tareas más emplazadas y exigentes con escasas posibilidades de perdón a los errores u omisiones cometidos de forma voluntaria o involuntaria. Se soslaya que el policía, como cualquier ser humano, posee una dimensión familiar, fraternal, comunitaria y económica. Como servidor público que desempeña delicadas labores de seguridad pública, debe soportar las diatribas ciudadanas, ataques criminales y la exposición sempiterna de los medios de comunicación social; sin desdeñar sus labores realizadas en extenuantes jornadas de trabajo y en condiciones laborales inapropiadas o, al menos, no como desearían otorgarse. Sirva el presente estudio para contextualizar y brindar una aproximación al status jurídico y social de los derechos laborales de los miembros del nivel básico de la Policía Nacional Civil, en cuanto a la esfera de sus derechos individuales, el estatuto del derecho colectivo (prohibición de libertad sindical) y la prevención de riesgos ocupacionales.
Patrullaje policial a pie en zonas con alta presencia de pandillas. Valoraciones para la educación policial
Authors: López Ramírez Augusto Rigoberto
Published: July 2017

El presente artículo presenta una investigación cualitativa realizada con policías de El Salvador en 2016, que explica los factores que intervienen para ajustar las formas en que se realiza el patrullaje a pie en zonas con alta presencia de pandillas. Se analiza la influencia de la educación policial, el entorno territorial adverso y las condiciones institucionales sobre los intereses y las prioridades de la patrulla. Los hallazgos indican tres mecanismos de ajuste para realizar patrullaje en zonas con presencia de pandillas. Se trata de una retroalimentación importante para la educación policial a fin de encontrar las mejores maneras de impactar la enseñanza del patrullaje.
Efecto de los programas de formación de la Academia Nacional de Seguridad Pública y de la Policía Nacional Civil, en el desarrollo profesional de la Policía en El Salvador, 2015
Authors: Rodríguez Gonzalo
Published: July 2017

El presente artículo está fundamentado en el informe de evaluación anual de la Policía Nacional Civil (PNC), realizado por la firma consultora Global Society. Su objetivo es determinar los cambios que los procesos de formación sistemática que se desarrollan en la ANSP y en la PNC, han tenido en el desarrollo profesional de la Policía. La metodología del estudio se basó en la aplicación de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas de recolección de datos. Dentro de las primeras, se encuentra el empleo de encuestas dirigidas al personal policial y a los ciudadanos. En cuanto al segundo grupo de técnicas, se facilitaron entrevistas en profundidad y se realizaron grupos focales. Los resultados indican que existe un crecimiento importante en las capacidades de estas 2 instituciones (ANSP y PNC), por desarrollar procesos de formación cada vez más eficientes. Los procesos educativos, por lo general, cumplen con los estándares requeridos en áreas como planificación, evaluación, seguimiento, prácticas etc.; sin embargo, aún existen temas que deben ser atendidos, como por ejemplo, una mayor coordinación entre ambas instituciones y establecer parámetros educativos similares de funcionamiento. En su parte final, el estudio presenta un conjunto de recomendaciones que, de ser aplicadas, mejorarían sustancialmente el esfuerzo de formación que se realiza en la Policía.
Web: La formación inicial y la cultura profesional de los policías
Authors: Guzmán Cardona José Antonio
Published: July 2017

Revista Policía y Seguridad Pública 7(1) 2017: 510-514
Iatrogenic Hip Instability Treated With Periacetabular Osteotomy
Authors: Sheean Andrew J. , Barrow Aaron E. , Burns Travis C. , Schmitz Matthew R.
Published: July 2017

Hip dislocation following hip arthroscopy is a devastating complication. Previous reports of arthroscopy–related iatrogenic instability have focused on strategies aimed at restoring the stabilizing effects of the hip joint capsuloligamentous complex. Less has been written about treatment options for patients in whom deficient acetabular coverage of the femoral head is implicated in the functionally unstable hip joint. Given this relative paucity of information, an optimal treatment approach has yet to be elucidated for these patients. Periacetabular osteotomy has been described as a treatment for iatrogenic hip instability related to surgical hip dislocation; however, to our knowledge, this is the first case of a patient with hip arthroscopy–related iatrogenic instability manifesting as recurrent, frank dislocations treated with periacetabular osteotomy.
Бие хүний онцлогт суурилсан идэвхжүүлэлтийн загвар
Authors: Д Даваасүрэн
Published: July 2017

No Mongolian AbstractIn this research we modified the model of human resource motivation, which is conform with character of individual, by coordinating with social reforms. The result of the research is that the model is being possible to be used at every state institution.
Монгол орны эрдэст нууруудын литий, ураны судалгаа
Authors: С Ариунбилэг
Published: July 2017

No Mongolian AbstractFor the last 30 years Central Asian and other countries closed salted lakes containing Li, U and other rare elements ( B, Br. J) are explored and used as an energy resources. Thus, it is important to study and practice our country’ salt lakes which contains Li, U and other elements.
Валютын ханшид нөлөөлөгч макро эдийн засгийн хүчин зүйлүүдийг тодорхойлох нь
Authors: Ч Баттүвшин , Б Чимэд-Осор , Р Энхбат
Published: July 2017

Энэхүү судалгааны ажлаараа валютын ханшид шууд ба дам байдлаар нөлөөлөгч хүчин зүйлсийг тодорхойлохыг зорьсон. Үүнд: гадаад улсын инфляци буюу Орос ба Хятад улсын инфляци, гадаад улсын хүүний түвшин буюу libor1, мөнгөний нийлүүлэлт, БДНБ, нүүрсний үнэ, зэсийн үнэ, ТБҮЦ-н хүү, шатахууны үнэ, гадаад худалдааны тэнцлийн алдагдал, инляци.Судалгаанд эконометрик арга аргачлал болох бүтцийн вектор авторегрессив загвараар шинжилгээг хийн, холбогдох арга техникүүдээр макро эдийн засгийн үзүүлэлтүүдийн бие биендээ үзүүлж буй нөлөөлөл хамаарлыг тодорхойлсон.Шинжилгээнд ашигласан SVAR загварт шаардагдах хугацааны цувааны шинжилгээ, хамаарлын шинжилгээ ба учир шалтгааны шинжилгээнүүдийг тус тус гүйцэтгэсэн бөгөөд ARMA загварын тусламжтай валютын ханшийн өдөр, долоо хоног, хоёр долоо хоног, ба сарын таамаглалыг хийсэн болно.
Монгол тэмээ (Camelusbactrianus)-ний популяцийн молекул генетикийн судалгаа
Authors: Ч Батцэцэг , Х Түмэннасан , Т Өлзийсайхан , Ж Хулан , Ц Жанчив
Published: July 2017

Бид монгол тэмээний 3 омог, мөн нутгийн монгол тэмээний 4 популяцийн генетик олон янз байдлыг бөөмийн болон митохондрийн маркераар төлөөлүүлэн судлав. Монгол тэмээний популяциуд нь хоорондоо төдийлөн ялгаагүй байсан ба Увс аймгийн Баруунтуруун сумын жижиг популяци генетик тогтцоороо монгол тэмээний бусад популяциас бага зэрэг ялгаатай байв.
Агван-иштүвдэнгийн “дара эхийн үндэсний гарсан угийг тодорхой үйлдэгч түүх алтан эрих” зохиолын тухай
Authors: Д Сумъяа
Published: July 2017

Энэ өгүүлэлд Х1Х зууны үеийн Их хүрээний равжамба Агван-Иштүвдэнгийн төвд хэлээр зохиосон Дара эх бурханы тухай бүтээлийн тоймыг өгүүлэв. Үүнээсээ үндэслэн түүний Дара эх бурханы уг гарлын /origin/ тухай зохиолыг нь танилцуулав. Энэ Дара эх бурханы уг гаралын тухай зохиол нь Бурханы шашны ард түмний бичгийн зохиолд дэлгэрсэн байна. Монголын шашны зүтгэлтэн эрдэмтэй лам нар Энэтхэг төвдөөс уламжлалтай зарим зохиолыг бүтээхдээ багшийнхаа заасан уламжлалыг дагадаг уламжлалтай. Тэр уламжлал энэ зохиолд тод харагдаж байна.
What impacts the performance of technology organization? an entreprenerial perspective
Authors: Possamai Airan Arinê , Hoeltgebaum Marianne , Andreassi Tales , Amal Mohamed
Published: July 2017

This article proposes the construction of a theoretical review from Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE), Institutional Entrepreneurship (IE) and Organizational Performance (OP) viewpoints. To identify and discuss the relation between indicators of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Organizational Performance and indicators of Institutional Entrepreneurship and Organizational Performance, this study presents the dimensions and definitions of each indicator, and their relationships with Organizational Performance. The literature shows two different relationships between Corporate Entrepreneurship with Organizational Performance and Institutional Entrepreneurship with Organizational Performance. Organizational Performance is presented with indicators including return on assets, profitability and sales growth. The relationships between all indicators are presented with a theoretical framework that was tested using 72 information technology organizations. The relationships between the dimensions of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Institutional Entrepreneurship with Organizational Performance were confirmed. The results show that indicators of Institutional Entrepreneurship dimension and characteristics of control variables when presented in isolation are mechanisms for improving Organizational Performance levels in organizations, as well as when the combined effect, considering specific indicators of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Institutional Entrepreneurship, the organization tends to have better Returns to your Organizational Performance. In this study we did not consider the fact that the sample companies were mostly born global in the IT industry, which may have influenced the results of the research.
Organizing strategies of the milk production chain in Paraná
Authors: Acosta Daniela Caldas , De Souza José Paulo
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study was to understand some of the factors that influence the dynamics and efficiency of hybrid forms in the relationship between producers and buyers of the milk production chain in Paraná, state of Brazil. For this, we used the theoretical contribution of the Transaction Costs Economy and the Measurement Costs Economy. This study is qualitative, descriptive, and inductive, with a transversal cut. To achieve the objective, we used documentary, bibliographic and field research. The data were collected in the state of Paraná, through semi-structured interviews, and data analysis was conducted using the Content Analysis Method. The results showed the influence of the formal regulation (IN 62) and informal regulation (price) given by the institutional environment, and distinguished the categories of technification of the producers, as well as the efficiency of the hybrid governance in the level of technification. Hybrid forms were treated, being classified by category of technification of the producers and by type of contracting, in which different perspectives of efficiency in the transaction were identified. In the discussion chapter, it was possible to attribute efficiency to the formal contracts, associated to producers with high level of technification. The results also identified that this form of hiring guarantees the protection of legal property rights, minimizing the possibility of opportunistic behavior and maximizing the value of the transacted assets. In addition, we identified efficiency gaps in informal contracts, related to medium and low technology producers, mainly in the absence of guarantee of legal and economic rights. The non-inclusion of some dimensions of the asset and, therefore, its non-remuneration, allowed that conclusion.
Mind the Gap Methods: Steps to making Participatory Action Analysis with Citizen Collaborators Work
Authors: Price Amy , Liew Su May , Kirkpatric Jo , Price Jasmin , Lopreto Taylor , Nelkin Yasmin
Published: July 2017

Background, aims and objectives: Participants in health research want to be involved in the research. Researchers struggle with how to approach citizens as co-researchers, train them, tactfully reduce contributions that are less useful and what to do about compensation and where to include citizen input in a manuscript. The aim of this study was to use participatory action research to prioritize the research question and to explore projected solutions as citizens and researchers with equal voices in research. In the first section of this paper we provide an introductory explanation of Participatory Action. In the second section we discuss our findings. Methods: The research explored the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in clinical trials as represented through online communications. In this follow-up analysis we share learning points for successful research involvement. Researchers and citizens worked in a participatory research framework. They searched the Internet using key words to locate social media conversations and Internet interviews about clinical trials over 4 months until a saturation point was reached. Data were de-identified and coded into a SWOT analysis and further coded into themes and analyzed. The findings and solutions were discussed using a circle chart for problem solving. The data were prioritized by consensus and the process is reported here.Results: Investigators and participant researchers were not conflicted in assigning themes because the data were clearly stated and the same sentiments were repeated consistently. The teams reached consensus about which quotes to include to support the findings. These themes ranged from supportive researcher-to-participant and participant-peer relationships to experiences of shame, research disparity, intimidation and personal loss.Conclusions: This research engages citizen participants as equal partners in all aspects of this study. Public and patient involvement as co-production in research can be used to identify and suggest resolutions in research. The use of participatory action in research can improve consistency, communication, innovation and quality in clinical trials.
Patient perspectives of an individualized diabetes care management plan
Authors: Saucier Ashley N , Ansa Benjamin , Coffin Janis , Akhtar Mariam , Miller Andre , Mahoney Holly , Hodo Denise M , Duffie Carla , Fontenot Brittney , Andrews Holly , Smith Selina A
Published: July 2017

Purpose: This cross sectional study examines patients’ knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about a diabetic care management plan (DCMP) that was developed to provide patient education on diabetes guidelines and display individual diabetic core measures. Secondary objectives included a comparison of diabetic core measures [hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and urine microalbumin (Um)] before and after DCMP implementation. We hypothesize this tool will contribute to patients’ awareness of current disease status, diabetes knowledge and diabetic core value improvement over time.Methods: A consecutive sample of 102 adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in a primary care setting participated. Patients’ perspectives on the care plan and knowledge about diabetes was collected via survey after care plan implementation. A comparison of selected diabetic core measures was conducted at baseline and post-DCMP. Descriptive statistics summarized survey response and diabetic core measures. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess change in diabetic core measures over time. Results: Participants understood the DCMP (96%), found it important because it explained their laboratory results and medications (89%) and believed it would help them to have better diabetic control (99%). There was a significant interaction between time and being at goal pre-DCMP for HbA1c, SBP and LDL. Patients not at goal pre-DCMP for the above measures decreased significantly over time (P = <0.01 for HbA1c, SBP and LDL). Participants at goal for all diabetic core measures increased pre- to post-DCMP from 13% to 20% (P = 0.28).Conclusion: Patients perceived the diabetic care management plan favorably and their diabetic core measurements improved over time. This simple and reproducible self-management intervention can enhance self-management in a patient population with diabetes mellitus type 2.