bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of language laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound: a comparison of different tasks
Authors: Woodhead Zoe V.J. , Rutherford Holly A. , Bishop Dorothy V.M.
Published: February 2020

Background: Relative blood flow in the two middle cerebral arteries can be measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) to give an index of lateralisation as participants perform a specific task. Language laterality has mostly been studied with fTCD using a word generation task, but it is not clear whether this is optimal.

Methods: Using fTCD, we evaluated a sentence generation task that has shown good reliability and strong left lateralisation in fMRI. We interleaved trials of word generation, sentence generation and list generation and assessed agreement of these tasks in 31 participants (29 right-handers).

Results: Although word generation and sentence generation both gave robust left-lateralisation, lateralisation was significantly stronger for sentence generation. Bland-Altman analysis showed that these two methods were not equivalent. The comparison list generation task was not systematically lateralised, but nevertheless laterality indices (LIs) from this task were significantly correlated with the other two tasks. Subtracting list generation LI from sentence generation LI did not affect the strength of the laterality index.

Conclusions: This was a pre-registered methodological study designed to explore novel approaches to optimising measurement of language lateralisation using fTCD. It confirmed that sentence generation gives robust left lateralisation in most people, but is not equivalent to the classic word generation task. Although list generation does not show left-lateralisation at the group level, the LI on this task was correlated with left-lateralised tasks. This suggests that word and sentence generation involve adding a constant directional bias to an underlying continuum of laterality that is reliable in individuals but not biased in either direction. In future research we suggest that consistency of laterality across tasks might have more functional significance than strength or direction of laterality on any one task.
Experience of courtesy stigma among relatives of individuals with schizophrenia – a qualitative study
Authors: Prokop-Dorner Anna , Flis Maria
Published: February 2020

Cel pracy

Celem badania było opisanie piętna doświadczanego przez osoby towarzyszące swoim krewnym chorującym na schizofrenię w Polsce.

Metoda

W badaniu zastosowano triangulację czterech technik jakościowych: obserwacji uczestniczącej, analizy danych zastanych, wywiadów eksperckich i pogłębionych. Zebrany materiał został przeanalizowany zgodnie z modelem zaproponowanym przez M.B. Milesa i A.M. Hubermana.

Wyniki

Rozwój schizofrenii u członka rodziny stanowi okoliczność wprowadzającą jego opiekunów w pole piętna. Bliscy krewni chorującego doświadczają dyskursywnej niewidoczności problemów zdrowia psychicznego, braku zrozumienia i empatii. Siatka stygmatyzujących przekonań na temat schizofrenii i psychiatrii oraz brak wskazówek społecznych jak postępować, prowadzą do rozwoju u opiekuna stałego poczucia niepewności i poczucia zagubienia. Błędne przekonania na temat zaburzeń psychicznych przekładają się na dystans i niechęć, których opiekunowie rodzinni doświadczają w relacjach z dalszymi krewnymi, sąsiadami czy znajomymi. Rozpowszechnienie nieprzychylnego dyskursu nt. chorób psychicznych stymuluje u opiekunów antycypację wykluczenia, wstyd i ukrywanie. Ponadto, opiekunowie w kontaktach z personelem psychiatrycznym często doświadczają lekceważenia ich potrzeb oraz pesymizmu terapeutycznego. Te komponenty pola piętna zagrażają realizacji tego, co ważne dla opiekunów i przyczyniają się do rozwoju ich pozycji niemocy.

Wnioski

Artykuł prezentuje wyniki pierwszego badania jakościowego poświęconego opisaniu piętna przeniesionego doświadczanego przez krewnych osób ze schizofrenią w Polsce i omawia wpływ stygmatyzującego charakteru tej choroby na życie opiekunów rodzinnych. Zrozumienie społecznego kontekstu towarzyszenia chorującym na schizofrenię jest konieczne do lepszego zaspokajania potrzeb opiekunów rodzinnych i wypracowania skuteczniejszych modeli współpracy między personelem medycznym a rodziną pacjenta.
Relationships between changes in entropy of the EEG and parameters of the immunity
Authors: Popadynets’ Oleksandr , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Badiuk Nataliya , Zukow Walery , Kovbasnyuk Marta , Korolyshyn Tetyana , Popovych Igor
Published: February 2020

Background. Previously, we have shown that the entropy of the normalized parameters of the HRV and spectral power density (SPD) of loci of EEG significantly correlate with the entropy and parameters of immunity, which testifies to their modulating regulatory effects. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships between changes in entropy and immunity under the influence of natural adaptogens. Material and methods. In basal conditions in 37 men and 14 women with chronic pyelonephritis and cholecystitis in remission as well as without clinical diagnose but with dysfunction of neuro-endocrine-immune complex and metabolism, we recorded twice, before and after balneotherapy at the spa Truskavets’, EEG (“NeuroCom Standard”) and HRV (“Cardiolab+VSR”). Than we evaluated immune status on a set of I and II levels recommended by the WHO. The Entropy of normalized SPD for each locus of EEG and HRV as well as Immunocytogram and Leukocytogram calculated using Shannon’s formula. Results. Preliminary analysis revealed different orientation of entropy changes in patients, so three clusters were created. Balneotherapy has a generalized negentropic effect on EEG of 2/3 patients. On the other hand, the members of the other two clusters have substantially increased EEG entropy overall, but there are significant differences with respect to individual loci. The immunotropic effects of balneotherapy are unrelated to changes in integral entropy of EEG. As a result of discriminant analysis were selected as characteristic entropy changes at only 9 loci out of 16, accompanied by changes in 10 partial parameters of immunity and integral immune index, as well as Popovych’s Leukocytogram Strain Index-2. Conclusion. Balneotherapy causes multivariate entropy changes of individual EEG loci, conditioned by a number of predictors. This is accompanied by characteristic changes in certain parameters of immunity in line with the concept of immune homunculus.
Convex Relaxations for Quadratic On/Off Constraints and Applications to Optimal Transmission Switching
Authors: Bestuzheva Ksenia , Hijazi Hassan , Coffrin Carleton
Published: February 2020

This paper studies mixed-integer nonlinear programs featuring disjunctive constraints and trigonometric functions and presents a strengthened version of the convex quadratic relaxation of the optimal transmission switching problem. We first characterize the convex hull of univariate quadratic on/off constraints in the space of original variables using perspective functions. We then introduce new tight quadratic relaxations for trigonometric functions featuring variables with asymmetrical bounds. These results are used to further tighten recent convex relaxations introduced for the optimal transmission switching problem in power systems. Using the proposed improvements, along with bound propagation, on 23 medium-sized test cases in the PGLib benchmark library with a relaxation gap of more than 1%, we reduce the gap to less than 1% on five instances. The tightened model has promising computational results when compared with state-of-the-art formulations.
BIODIVERSIDADE DE PLANTAS ALIMENTÍCIAS NÃO CONVENCIONAIS EM UMA HORTA COMUNITÁRIA COM FINS EDUCATIVOS
Authors: Jacob Michelle Medeiros
Published: February 2020

As plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC) oferecem a oportunidade de superação de desafios que se impõem aos sistemas alimentares. Todavia, a escassez de dados sobre essas plantas e as lacunas encontradas na formação em Nutrição são gargalos que dificultam sua abordagem. Para abordar alguns desses limites, um projeto de horta comunitária foi desenvolvido em um curso de graduação em nutrição em uma universidade federal do nordeste do Brasil. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados obtidos com esta iniciativa em seus primeiros doze meses com o uso do método Aprendizagem Baseada em Hortas (ABH). Durante 2018, oito plantas foram estudadas. Os dados coletados sobre PANC pelos alunos incluíram: família botânica, nomes populares, origem, bioma de ocorrência, usos alimentícios e indicadores nutricionais. O uso da ABH envolveu algumas estratégias, tais como definição de tema, elaboração de um produto de culminância e promoção da pesquisa em múltiplas bases de evidência. O método ABH mediou o processo educacional implicado com conceitos, práticas e atitudes. As plantas estudadas têm potencial para contribuir com a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, devido a alguns critérios, como adequação ao bioma do ambiente de estudo e variedade de nutrientes. Reconhecer plantas alimentícias nativas e adaptadas, resilientes à paisagem da Caatinga, é essencial para melhorar a saúde ambiental e humana neste bioma. Os dados resultantes da experiência de ensino serviram de base para ações de promoção de dietas sustentáveis junto à comunidade inserida no projeto, por meio de conversas e atividades práticas na horta e oficinas culinárias.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2020.44037
High-efficiency end-fire 3D optical phased array based on a multi-layer Si3N4/SiO2 platform
Authors: Wu Dachuan , Yi Yasha , Zhang Yuxiao
Published: February 2020

Beam-steering devices such as optical phased arrays (OPAs) are key components in the applications of solid-state Lidar and wireless communication. The traditional single-layer OPA results in a significant energy loss due to substrate leakage caused by the downward coupling from the grating coupler structure. In this work, we have investigated a structure based on a multi-layer

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platform that can form a 3D OPA to emit light from the edge of the device with high efficiency; a 2D converged out-coupling beam will be end-fired to the air. High efficiency and wide horizontal beam steering are demonstrated numerically, and the influence of vertical crosstalk, delay length, and number of waveguide layers are discussed, as well as the fabrication feasibility.
Experimental characterization of a biosensor based on a tapered optical fiber for kisspeptin detection
Authors: González-León K. , Beltrán-Pérez G. , Muñoz-Aguirre S. , López -Gayou V. , Castillo-Mixcoatl J. , Alatriste V. , Delgado-Macuil R.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the development of a biosensor based on optical fiber, using a polyclonal antibody kisspeptin receptor as a biological recognition element that is connected to puberty onset and may also help to suppress metastasis in melanoma breast cancer. The fiber surface was chemically prepared to immobilize the antibody. The structural homogeneity of the biosensor, at each stage of the self-assembly, was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and by measurements of the transmission at the output of the biosensor. The morphological homogeneity analysis was performed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The biosensor developed was checked to detect kisspeptin in brain tissues by spectral transmission using a superluminescent diode. The data were analyzed using principal component analysis. The interaction of the kisspeptin with its counterpart by means of the evolution of the transmission spectrum as a function of time was observed.
Touchscreens for All? Angeleitetes Spielen als Einstieg für Senioren und Seniorinnen in digitale Technologien
Authors: Oppl Sabrina
Published: February 2020

Durch die fortschreitende Digitalisierung ist für die Bewältigung von vielen Alltagssituationen zunehmend die Nutzung von Touchscreen-basierten Geräten notwendig. Dies kann besonders für Menschen im hohen Erwachsenenalter zu neuen Herausforderungen führen und ihre gesellschaftliche Teilhabe erschweren. Digitale Unterhaltungsspiele am Tablet können beitragen, positive Einstiegserfahrungen mit interaktiven digitalen Medien zu sammeln und die weitere Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Medien fördern. Im vorliegenden Beitrag steht die effektive Unterstützung von Senioren und Seniorinnen bei den ersten spielerischen Auseinandersetzungen mit dem Tablet im Mittelpunkt. Es werden wesentliche Elemente eines praxiserprobten Unterstützungskonzepts eingeführt und ein Leitfaden für Lernbegleiter/innen vorgestellt. Der Leitfaden gibt detaillierte Anleitungen wie ein erfahrungsbasiertes Lehr-Lernarrangement mit vorausgewählten Spielen und einem Scaffolding-Ansatz vorbereitet und umgesetzt werden kann. Die Wirksamkeit des Lehr-Lernarrangements im Sinne der Zielsetzung konnte in mehreren qualitativen Studien gezeigt werden. Der Artikel gibt anhand von Beispielen aus diesen Studien vertieften Einblick in die einzelnen Phasen des Leitfadens, dessen Potentiale und Grenzen der Einsetzbarkeit. Somit finden Praktiker und Praktikerinnen eine Anleitung für die wirksame Unterstützung von älteren Menschen bei den ersten spielerischen Auseinandersetzungen mit Touchscreen-Geräten.
criança e a vivência das regras de interação na conversação
Authors: Diedrich Marlete Sandra
Published: February 2020

Neste artigo, tem-se o objetivo de aprofundar a discussão sobre a vivência, pela criança, das regras de interação. Para tanto, focalizam-se os deslocamentos que a criança produz e interpreta na conversação, na busca de compreensão do episódio interacional vivenciado. Na abordagem desse tema, analisam-se dois recortes enunciativos compostos por interações conversacionais de uma criança na faixa etária dos dois anos aos dois anos e seis meses, com seus pais e seus amigos. A análise desses recortes, representativa da pesquisa realizada, revela que a participação da criança na conversação implica uma complexa operação sociocognitiva de compreensão do evento interacional, ou seja, do reconhecimento do “jogo” que todos os interactantes parecem ter aceitado jogar. A criança, via micronegociações, aprimora sua competência de produzir enunciados adaptados à situação comunicativa e ao discurso do outro, numa construção conjunta do seu dizer.
Reflexões sobre o ensino de Geografia a partir da introdução da Base Nacional Comum Curricular
Authors: Santos Leovan Alves dos
Published: February 2020

Nesse trabalho discute-se a proposta de ensino de Geografia presente nos documentos que orientam as propostas curriculares em Goiás para o Ensino Fundamental e para o Ensino Médio. Busca-se o entendimento de como fica o ensino de Geografia a partir da criação da BNCC? Quais as possibilidades do professor de Geografia para o desenvolvimento de sua atividade docente a partir da BNCC? Quais as possibilidades para o trabalho do professor de Geografia em Goiás frente ao DC Goiás? Realizou-se uma análise documental e bibliográfica, por meio das quais destacou-se o trabalho do professor de Geografia frente aos limites e possibilidades presentes nestes documentos. Ressalta-se que é no trabalho do professor que temas e conteúdos são desenvolvidos em sala de aula buscando-se a construção do pensamento geográfico.
Determinações políticas e contratação do profesor catedrático na Colômbia
Authors: Remolina-Caviedes Juan-Francisco
Published: February 2020

Se pretendieron analizar las determinaciones concretas de las políticas de educación superior que definen la vinculación contractual del docente cátedra en Colombia. Se adoptó el enfoque teórico-metodológico del materialismo histórico-dialéctico para estudiar documentos jurídicos, oficiales y acuerdos institucionales de una universidad pública. Resultados demuestran que este tipo de contratación obedece recomendaciones del Banco Mundial; fomenta la contradicción entre formación y trabajo; permite que la universidad se apropie de la producción académica y educativa del profesorado. En conclusión, este profesional se convierte en sujeto trabajador sin derechos, un nuevo esclavo del siglo XXI con el cual las universidades alcanzan metas de calidad académica, eficiencia fiscal y financiera.
Politicas de ampliação da jornada escolar: em destaque as propostas de Educação em Tempo Integral no contexto do Programa Mais Educação
Authors: Abdulmassih Marília Beatriz Ferreira , Chizzotti Antonio
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo, tem por objetivo analisar as políticas de ampliação da jornada escolar no contexto do Programa Mais Educação, como mola impulsionadora para a melhoria do desempenho dos estudantes da educação básica, através do maior tempo de permanência nos espaços escolares. Pode-se considerar que, a Educação em tempo integral   e a ampliação do tempo de permanência dos estudantes, permite à escola enquanto espaço de reelaboração do conhecimento, incorporar em seu currículo atividades para o desenvolvimento de competências cognitivas e atitudinais necessárias a uma formação cidadã. Observa-se também, que existe uma enorme distância entre o discurso e a intenção, para que essas propostas realmente se efetivem.
Rigidity and trace properties of divergence-measure vector fields
Authors: Leonardi Gian Paolo , Saracco Giorgio
Published: February 2020

We consider a φ-rigidity property for divergence-free vector fields in the Euclideann-space, whereφ⁢(t){\varphi(t)}is a non-negative convex function vanishing only att=0{t=0}. We show that this property is always satisfied in dimensionn=2{n=2}, while in higher dimension it requires some further restriction on φ. In particular, we exhibit counterexamples toquadratic rigidity(i.e. whenφ⁢(t)=c⁢t2{\varphi(t)=ct^{2}}) in dimensionn≥4{n\geq 4}. The validity of the quadratic rigidity, which we prove in dimensionn=2{n=2}, implies the existence of the trace of a divergence-measure vector field ξ on anℋ1{\mathcal{H}^{1}}-rectifiable setS, as soon as its weak normal trace[ξ⋅νS]{[\xi\cdot\nu_{S}]}is maximal onS. As an application, we deduce that the graph of an extremal solution to the prescribed mean curvature equation in a weakly-regular domain becomes vertical near the boundary in a pointwise sense.
Active Galactic Nuclei in polarized light
Authors: Shablovinskaya Elena , Afanasiev Viktor
Published: February 2020

Due to the compactness active galactic nuclei (AGN) are still unresolved with optical observations. However, structure and physical conditions of the matter in their central parts are especially important to study the processes of the matter accretion to supermassive black holes and eventually these investigations are essential to understand the galaxy evolution. Polarization contains information about the interaction of electromagnetic waves with the environment and provides information about the physical processes in the central regions of the AGNs that could not be found with the help of other optical observations. In this paper the importance of applying polarimetry methods to the study of geometry, kinematics, and physical processes in AGN in polarized light is discussed. An overview of the mechanisms of polarization formation, their connection with different structures and scales are provided. Also, we overview the polarimetric investigations based on different assumptions that are done using the observations conducted in Special Astrophysical Observatory of Russian Academy of Sciences.
Trees without twin-leaves with smallest number of maximal independent sets
Authors: Taletskii Dmitriy S. , Malyshev Dmitriy S.
Published: February 2020

For any n, in the set of n-vertex trees such that any two leaves have no common adjacent vertex, we describe the trees with the smallest number of maximal independent sets.
Newton’s method for nonlinear stochastic wave equations
Authors: Leszczyński Henryk , Wrzosek Monika
Published: February 2020

We consider nonlinear stochastic wave equations driven by time-space white noise. The existence of solutions is proved by the method of successive approximations. Next we apply Newton’s method. The main result concerning its first-order convergence is based on Cairoli’s maximal inequalities for two-parameter martingales. Moreover, a second-order convergence in a probabilistic sense is demonstrated.
What’s in a Tweet? Gender and sexism moderate reactions to antifat sexist humor on Twitter
Authors: Greenwood Dara , Gautam Richa
Published: February 2020

The present study investigated whether antifat sexist humor (compared to antifat sexist statements or control statements), conveyed via Tweets, would impact perceptions of an overweight female target depicted in a workplace harassment scenario. We examined whether gender, antifat attitudes, and sexism would impact joke perceptions and moderate perceptions of the joke-relevant target. Participants (n = 451) were drawn from MTurk and completed the study online. They were randomly exposed to one of three tweet conditions and then read and responded to the harassment vignette, among filler vignettes, before completing sexism and antifat measures. Antifat attitudes unexpectedly shifted as a function of study prime and were thus not considered as a moderator. Results showed that men high in hostile sexism reported a greater likelihood of retweeting/favoriting antifat sexist jokes than men low on hostile sexism or women high in hostile sexism. Individuals high in hostile sexism in the joke condition found the behavior of the target less appropriate, and the behavior of the ostensible perpetrator more appropriate, than those in the control condition and those low on hostile sexism. Similar findings were obtained for benevolent sexism. Findings underscore the power of social media as a vehicle for disparagement humor and its consequences.
(Deep) FAIR mathematics
Authors: Berčič Katja , Kohlhase Michael , Rabe Florian
Published: February 2020

In this article, we analyze the state of research data in mathematics. We find that while the mathematical community embraces the notion of open data, the FAIR principles are not yet sufficiently realized. Indeed, we claim that the case of mathematical data is special, since the objects of interest are abstract (all properties can be known) and complex (they have a rich inner structure that must be represented). We present a novel classification of mathematical data and derive an extended set of FAIR requirements, which accomodate the special needs of math datasets. We summarize these as deep FAIR. Finally, we show a prototypical system infrastructure, which can realize deep FAIRness for one category (tabular data) of mathematical datasets.
A benchmarking measurement campaign in GNSS-denied/challenged indoor/outdoor and transitional environments
Authors: Retscher Guenther , Kealy Allison , Gabela Jelena , Li Yan , Goel Salil , Toth Charles K. , Masiero Andrea , Błaszczak-Bąk Wioleta , Gikas Vassilis , Perakis Harris , Koppanyi Zoltan , Grejner-Brzezinska Dorota
Published: February 2020

Localization in GNSS-denied/challenged indoor/outdoor and transitional environments represents a challenging research problem. This paper reports about a sequence of extensive experiments, conducted at The Ohio State University (OSU) as part of the joint effort of the FIG/IAG WG on Multi-sensor Systems. Their overall aim is to assess the feasibility of achieving GNSS-like performance for ubiquitous positioning in terms of autonomous, global, preferably infrastructure-free positioning of portable platforms at affordable cost efficiency. In the data acquisition campaign, multiple sensor platforms, including vehicles, bicyclists and pedestrians were used whereby cooperative positioning (CP) is the major focus to achieve a joint navigation solution. The GPSVan of The Ohio State University was used as the main reference vehicle and for pedestrians, a specially designed helmet was developed. The employed/tested positioning techniques are based on using sensor data from GNSS, Ultra-wide Band (UWB), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), vison-based positioning with cameras and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) as well as inertial sensors. The experimental and initial results include the preliminary data processing, UWB sensor calibration and Wi-Fi indoor positioning with room-level granularity and platform trajectory determination. The results demonstrate that CP techniques are extremely useful for positioning of platforms navigating in swarms or networks. A significant performance improvement in terms of positioning accuracy and reliability is achieved. Using UWB, decimeter-level positioning accuracy is achievable under typical conditions, such as normal walls, average complexity buildings, etc. Using Wi-Fi fingerprinting, success rates of approximately 97 % were obtained for correctly detecting the room-level location of the user.
The direct geodesic problem and an approximate analytical solution in Cartesian coordinates on a triaxial ellipsoid
Authors: Panou G. , Korakitis R.
Published: February 2020

In this work, the direct geodesic problem in Cartesian coordinates on a triaxial ellipsoid is solved by an approximate analytical method. The parametric coordinates are used and the parametric to Cartesian coordinates conversion and vice versa are presented. The geodesic equations on a triaxial ellipsoid in Cartesian coordinates are solved using a Taylor series expansion. The solution provides the Cartesian coordinates and the angle between the line of constant v and the geodesic at the end point. An extensive data set of geodesics, previously studied with a numerical method, is used in order to validate the presented analytical method in terms of stability, accuracy and execution time. We conclude that the presented method is suitable for a triaxial ellipsoid with small eccentricities and an accurate solution is obtained. At a similar accuracy level, this method is about thirty times faster than the corresponding numerical method. Finally, the presented method can also be applied in the degenerate case of an oblate spheroid, which is extensively used in geodesy.
Analysis of effectiveness and drug related problems of pain reliever for knee osteoarthritis: weighing clinical risk and benefit
Authors: Khotib Junaidi , Setiawan Henny Utami , Nurhan Ahmad Dzulfikri , Rahadiansyah Erreza , Ardianto Chrismawan , Rahmadi Mahardian
Published: February 2020

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease, characterized by physiological disorders, such as cartilage degradation, bone remodeling, osteophyte formation, and joint inflammation, which results in pain. Several studies have reported problems with the use of pain medications in OA, such as the use of a combination of many drugs and their long-term use. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the use of pain medications in OA patients. The study focused on the analysis of effectiveness and drug related problems (DRPs) with the category of drug interactions and adverse drug events (ADEs) in knee OA patients in Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Methods

The study used a retrospective approach through tracking and recording of the medical data from the period of 1st January to 30th June, 2018. The potential of drug interactions was determined by analyzing data based on literature. The actual side effects of the drug were identified based on the patient’s medical record through clinical data, laboratory data, and therapeutic data received by the patient. The study involved 143 subjects who met the inclusion criteria of 871 visits to the hospital.

Results

The results showed that women as much as 80.42% with an age distribution of at most 46–65 years are the most affected by OA cases. The predominant history of illness and comorbidities in OA patients was hypertension in 58.74% of patients. The use of analgesic meloxicam had a percentage of 26.06%, sodium diclofenac 20.21%, mefenamic acid 4.36% and paracetamol 4.25%. The effectiveness of the use of pain reliever was characterized by a decrease in VAS in each patient at the beginning and at the end of the study, where a decrease in pain intensity occurred in 79.72% of patients who received pain medications. Based on drug interactions, we were able to identify pharmacodynamic interactions of 43 events (4.94%) and onine events of pharmacokinetic interactions (1.03%), with a minor severity of 7 events (0.80%),44 moderate events (5.05%), and one major event (0.11%). Mostly identified side effects of the drugs were those due to the use of non-steroid anti inflammatory drugs, which occurred in 42 events (4.82%).

Conclusions

It can be concluded that OA therapy with a number of pain relievers shows an adequate therapeutic response with some side effects and interactions both pharmacokinetically and pharmacodynamically.
Rumen bacterial community of young and adult of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) from Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Russia
Authors: Laishev Kasim A. , Ilina Larisa A. , Filippova Valentina A. , Dunyashev Timur P. , Laptev Georgiy Yu. , Abakumov Evgeny V.
Published: February 2020

The aim of the work was to compare the taxonomic composition of the rumen procariotic community in young and adult individuals of Nenets breed reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ) from the central part of the Yamal region by using the NGS method (next generation sequencing) and compare the microbiome composition of reindeer with the microbiome of their initial vegetation food material. The obtained data showed that the dominant position in microbial communities, like that of other ruminants, was occupied by representatives of phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, whose total share between observed groups did not differ significantly. The composition of the microbiome of the rumen of the investigated group of animals was completely different from the microbiome structure of the initial vegetation cover. Digestion of vegetation by reindeers resulted in complex transformation in the initial plant microbiome and an increase of biological diversity which was expressed in operational taxonomic unit (OTU) numbers increasing and changes in indexes of alpha-diversity parameters. According to the results of alpha- and beta- diversity of the rumen microbial communities, the greatest uniqueness was revealed for the microbiomes of the adults in comparison with calves and young. The presence of changes in the biodiversity indexes of the rumen microbiota in the reindeer, examined by us, confirm the opinion of the researchers that the microbial community may also reflect the physiological state of the animals. It has also been demonstrated that the presence of the phylum Verrucomicrobia, and the genera Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, etc., may be specific to Nenets breed reindeer and have a pattern with their presence on various plants and lichens that are part of the reindeer diet. This is partially confirmed by data on plants microbiome taxonomy.
Biochar, poultry manure and NPK fertilizer: sole and combine application effects on soil properties and ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) performance in a tropical Alfisol
Authors: Adekiya Aruna Olasekan , Agbede Taiwo Michael , Ejue Wutem Sunny , Aboyeji Christopher Muyiwa , Dunsin Oluwagbenga , Aremu Charity O. , Owolabi Ayotunde O. , Ajiboye Babatunde O. , Okunlola Oluwatobi Faith , Adesola Omowumi Oluwanifemi
Published: February 2020

Biochar has a low chemical composition and is recalcitrant to degradation. For good soil fertility and nutrient use efficiency of crops it becomes imperative that addition of a fast releasing nutrient source to biochar be sought. Therefore, studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the effects of biochar with poultry manure (PM) and NPK fertilizer on soil properties, growth and yield of ginger. Treatments evaluated were: biochar applied alone at 15 t ha-1 , PM applied alone at 15 t ha-1, NPK fertilizer applied alone at 200 kg ha-1, biochar applied at 15 t ha-1 with poultry manure applied at 15 t ha-1 (B+PM), biochar applied at 15 t ha-1 with NPK fertilizer applied at 200 kg ha-1 (B+NPK) and a control with no amendment whatsoever. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Biochar, PM, NPK fertilizer alone or B+PM and B+NPK improved soil physical and chemical properties, growth and yield of ginger compared to no amendment (control). NPK fertilizer did not improve soil physical properties nor increased pH, OM, Ca and Mg significantly. B+PM and B+NPK improved soil physical and chemical properties, growth and ginger yield compared to their sole forms. Although B+PM had better soil physical properties, B+NPK increased yield and growth of ginger compared to B+PM. B+NPK increased the yield of ginger by 12.2% and 10.6% in 2017 and 2018, respectively compared with B+PM. B+NPK also increased the yield of ginger by 49.2% and 50.3% in 2017 and 2018, respectively compared to biochar alone. This was related to high presence of nutrients in B+NPK especially N and K which are important for ginger rhizome formation.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Silver, Gold and Silver-Gold Alloy Nanoparticles phytosynthesized using extract of Opuntia ficus-indica
Authors: Adebayo Elijah A. , Ibikunle Jelilat B. , Oke Abel M. , Lateef Agbaje , Azeez Musibau A. , Oluwatoyin Adeboye O. , AyanfeOluwa Ajala V. , Blessing Olowoporoku T. , Comfort Okunlola O. , Adekunle Ogundele O. , Badmus Jelili A. , Asafa Tesleem B. , Beukes Lorika S. , Gueguim-Kana Evariste B. , Hakeem Abbas S.
Published: February 2020

Aqueous extract of Opuntia ficus-indica (OF) was employed to reduce salt solutions of silver nitrate, gold chloride and silver nitrate/gold chloride to OFAgNPs, OFAuNPs, and OFAg-AuNPs respectively. Characterization of the particles was carried out using different standard methods, and their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were also evaluated. The UV-vis spectroscopy showed silver, gold and silver-gold alloys nanoparticles with surface plasmon resonance at 462, 545 and 539 nm, respectively. The significant FTIR peaks: OFAgNPs (3300 and 1635 cm−1), OFAuNPs (3288 and 1635 cm−1) and OFAg-AuNPs (3307 and 1637 cm−1) for synthesized nanoparticles pointed to protein as both capping and stabilizing agent. Generally, particles were spherical with size range of 27-38 nm, 11-28 nm and 15-54 nm for silver, gold and silver-gold alloys nanoparticles respectively. OFAgNPs gave highest antagonistic effects against tested bacteria (35-82%), followed by OFAg-AuNPs (12-75%) and AuNPs (11-48%). The fungal inhibition of 44-70% for OFAgNPs, 42-79% for OFAuNPs and 52-92% for OFAg-AuNPs were obtained. DPPH scavenging activities were obtained as follows: OFAgNPs (52.25–57.50%), OFAuNPs (37.07-59.07%) and OFAg-AuNPs (37.07-63.00%) at tested concentrations of 20–100 µg/ml, which were dose-dependent in comparison with standard BHA (42.57–91.27%) and ascorbic acid (52.13–84.20%). The bleaching inhibition assay of ABTS showed activities of 41.33–61.83% (OFAgNPs), 27.37-50.60% (OFAuNPs) and 32.83-44.33% (OFAg-AuNPs). The synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated an excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The current study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first time to use Opuntia ficus-indica to synthesize silver, gold and silver-gold alloys nanoparticles.
Identifying asymmetric responses of sectoral equities to oil price shocks in a NARDL model
Authors: Dhaoui Abderrazak , Chevallier Julien , Ma Feng
Published: February 2020

This study examines the asymmetric responses of sector stock indices returns to positive and negative fluctuations in oil prices using the NARDL model. Our empirical findings support indirect transmissions of oil price fluctuation to the financial market through industrial production and short-term interest rate. Furthermore, both direct and indirect impacts of oil price shocks on stock returns are sector dependent. These results are with substantial policy implications either for investors or for policymakers. They mainly help government authorities to reduce the instability in financial markets caused by the major oil price shocks. The analysis of the impact of oil price shocks on stock markets also helps the financial market participants to adjust their decisions and revise their coverage of energy policy that is substantially affected by the turbulence and uncertainty in the crude oil market. Finally, based on the forecast of the oil price shocks effects, the central bank should adjust the interest rate in order to face up to the inflation rate induced by oil prices since oil prices act as an inflationary factor.
Modeling Dependence Among Suction, Moisture, and Cracking of a Novel Biochar Synthesized from Weed Species
Authors: Prakash Atma , Bordoloi Sanandam , Hazra Budhaditya , Garg Ankit , Sreedeep S. , Zhu Hong-hu
Published: February 2020

Water hyacinth (WH), an invasive weed species, has found its utility in the synthesis of biochar (BC). BC is further being explored for geoenvironmental applications such as landfill covers, green infrastructure, etc. The soil–water retention curve (SWRC) and crack potential are two of the key inputs required for modeling the unsaturated soil behavior in these projects. However, the impact of BC on SWRC and crack potential and the dependence among these two properties have not been studied extensively. In this article, initially, the impact of BC synthesized from WH as a soil additive is studied in terms of SWRC (volumetric water content, θw and suction, ψ) and crack intensity factor (CIF). It is found that an addition of 5–10 % BC can increase the water retention capacity by 41 % and reduce the crack potential by 50 %. Thereafter, the joint distribution of SWRC and CIF is established using a trivariate copula approach. Based on the minimum Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), uniform distribution for CIF and θw and gamma distribution for ψ are found to be appropriate. For modeling the dependence structure, two commonly used elliptical copulas, namely, Gaussian and “t” are explored. The results indicate that the t copula provides a better fit than the Gaussian copula and can successfully be used to model the highly nonlinear dependence structure between SWRC and CIF.
Methodology for Digitally Logging and Analyzing Manufacturing Issues Encountered on a Factory Floor
Authors: Duffy Annie , Bruton Ken , Harrington Richard , Brem Alexander , O’Sullivan Dominic
Published: February 2020

In recent years, manufacturing industries have moved toward smart manufacturing to improve efficiency and production levels. Part of this innovation of current processes includes digitizing information and improving access to machine information, which can be achieved through the introduction of new technology to assist with this transition. In order to maintain smooth processes, a variety of information sources must be available on the factory floor. This project aims to provide a proof of concept tool for digitization and access to production information, available on the factory floor during Pulse Walks. Additionally, this project will introduce a method of digitally storing issues discussed during the Pulse Walk, aiding identification of recurrent issues and problematic areas. The research in this article considers the development of an application operating as a digital information hub to carry out these functions. The methodology used to develop this tool is discussed, including observations of the Pulse Walk and a survey to determine the most useful information sources to include. The use cases for this tool are deliberated, and benefits are identified. The tool can assist with tracking recurring problems by using previously logged issues to create a historical database. The issue logging dashboard can be used for investigating reasons for machine downtime. Furthermore, this tool aims to improve production efficiency for a manufacturing line in a factory through issue tracking using the digitized issue log.
Bridge Builders of Southern California
Authors: Mikesell Stephen
Published: February 2020

This article brings to light the work of six bridge engineer-designers whose Southern California bridges facilitated transportation in the 1910–1930 period of the region’s explosive growth. Their firms were local, most were architects as well as engineers, and their bridges remain cherished landmarks.
The Intention of Adopting Information Technology for SMES in Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Wijaya Tony , Budiman Santi
Published: February 2020

This study aims to examine the intention of adopting information technology for SMEs in DIY through the expansion of the technology acceptance model. This research continues the previous research related to aspects of obstacles experienced in the development of SME businesses. The research conducted a survey using a sample of SMEs entrepreneurs in DIY. The data analysis technique in this study uses structural equation models that are assisted by the AMOS program. Overall, the expansion model of the technology acceptance model in predicting the intention of adopting SME’s information technology in this study fulfils the model fit rules, which means that the model developed in this study is by existing empirical conditions. In particular, the results of the study prove the influence of business competition pressure on the usefulness of SME owners. It also found that ease of use and perceived usefulness have an effect on the attitudes towards SMEs information technology adoption of SMEs owners, and the attitudes on the adoption of SMEs information technology affect the intention of adopting SME’s information technology.
Comparación de las inteligencias múltiples en niños(as) que pertenecen a escuelas con distintos modelos pedagógicos
Authors: Serrano Madrigal Ariana
Published: February 2020

El propósito de esta investigación fue aplicar un test que mida las distintas inteligencias múltiples en niños(as) de dos distintas escuelas, para así valorar si existe diferencia entre el modelo pedagógico academicista (enfoque tradicional) establecido por el Ministerio de Educación Pública y el modelo pedagógico cognitivo (MPC) (enfoque constructivista). En este estudio participaron 29 niños y 20 niñas, con edades entre los 8 y 12 años, pertenecientes a dos distintas escuelas públicas de Heredia (Escuela Laboratorio y Escuela de San Isidro). El instrumento que se utilizó fue un Test de Inteligencias Múltiples para niños(as) en edades escolares (Vega, 2006), el cual consta de 15 ítems, subdivididos en siete categorías: lingüística, lógico-matemática, visual, cinestésica, musical, interpersonal e intrapersonal. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y la estadística inferencial (ANOVA de dos vías). Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la inteligencia lingüística (F: 9,47; p < 0,01) entre escuelas MPC (3,24±1,24 puntos) y academicista (2,31±1,10 puntos), asimismo se encontraron diferencias entre sexo (F: 5,26; p< 0,05), mujeres (3,25±1,02 puntos) y hombres (2,52±1,30 puntos). Además, en la inteligencia musical se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre sexo (F: 7,97; p < 0,05). Se puede concluir que los modelos pedagógicos de enseñanza de los centros educativos públicos de Costa Rica deben actualizarse de acuerdo a las nuevas tendencias educativas.
Editorial - Actividad Física y Discapacidad
Authors: Ozols Rosales María Antonieta
Published: February 2020

Disability is a term to describe any physical deficiency, mental or sensorial that may affect mainly activities of a person and you can classify disabilities in: cognitive, sensorial and physical. Physical Activity is described as any activity that involves a contraction of the muscles resulting in caloric intake. Exercise means a plannified, structured and repeated activity guided toward a goal or objective. Inactivity may cause the main principle of death in the world. People became sedentary as a result of health problems such as heart diseases, overweight, cancer, diabetes, and so on.Physical activity may reduce probabilities to acquired heart diseases. People with disabilities can reduce also many health problems trough physical activity. Down syndrome people tend to gain weight through their life increasing the risk of heart diseases; cerebral palsy people reduce their range of motion through inactivity causing contractures problems and pain in their articulations. Therefore, it is necessary to create programs to promote physical activity in this population.
Perfil de rendimiento técnico del equipo tetracampeón de la liga superior de baloncesto de Costa Rica
Authors: Blanco Romero Luis , Ureña Bonilla Pedro , Salas Cabrera Jorge , Sánchez Ureña Braulio
Published: February 2020

El propósito de este estudio fue analizar y contrastar el perfil de rendimiento técnico del equipo tetracampeón de la Liga Superior de Baloncesto de Costa Rica. Se registró 142 juegos a lo largo de las temporadas 2007, 2008 y 2009. Los indicadores de rendimiento escogido fueron: lanzamientos de dos y tres puntos (convertidos, fallados, porcentaje de efectividad), lanzamientos de tiro libre (convertidos, fallados, porcentaje de efectividad), puntos, rebotes defensivos y ofensivos, faltas, pérdidas de balón, asistencias y robos de balón. La descripción de la información se basó en valores de frecuencia absoluta y relativa. El contraste de datos por temporada y periodo de juego se hizo con base en las técnicas no paramétricas U-test, test de Friedman y el Chi 2. En todos los casos se utilizó el SPSS versión 15.0 con un nivel de significancia de p ≤ 0,05. Los resultados mostraron un mejor perfil de rendimiento técnico en la temporada 2008, caracterizándose por mejores porcentajes en tiros de 2, tiros libres, menor número de pérdidas de balón y mayor cantidad de robos del balón y asistencias. En relación con el periodo de juego, el equipo mostró un mejor perfil de rendimiento técnico durante los segundos tiempos del partido. En general, el porcentaje de efectividad de tiros de 2 y tiros libres estuvo arriba del 60 % en ambos periodos de juego, mientras que el porcentaje de tiros de 3 osciló entre el 26.4 % y el 29.2 %. En conclusión, el equipo mostró un perfil de rendimiento técnico similar al reportado en la literatura y deja clara evidencia de la importancia que tiene el registro y seguimiento de los indicadores de rendimiento técnico en el baloncesto.