bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Free Fatty Acids generation in Crude Palm Oil during storage by using UV-C Light treatment
Authors: Said S D , Maimun T , Asnawi T M , Muslim A
Published: July 2020

During the lengthy storage of crude palm oil (CPO), free fatty acid (FFA) concentration generated in the oil tends to increase which will affect the quality of CPO as the result of lipase enzymatic degradation of triglycerides. Currently, the conventional thermal processes in CPO storage tanks still applied to reduce the FFA formation. However, the thermal method is not very effective in reducing FFA for prolonged heat exposed due to deteriorate the CPO quality and high energy consuming. The alternative UV-C light technique gives some advantages compare with thermal treatment i.e less energy consumption, simple method, cheaper investment and low-cost operation. This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of UV-C light on inhibiting FFA generation in CPO during storage. The evaluation of UV-C light effect on the inhibition of FFA generation was conducted by irradiating CPO samples with various UV-C light exposure time. The FFA level of CPO samples was analyzed by using sodium hydroxide solution before and after treatment. The results show that UV-C light has the ability to deactivate lipase enzyme and consequently inhibit FFA generation in CPO.
Optimization Design of Electrochemical Machining Process of SKD11 Tool Steel Using Weighted Principal Component Analysis (WPCA)
Authors: Lusi N , Pamuji D R , Afandi A , Prayogo G S
Published: July 2020

This research was carried out on electrochemical machining (ECM) process using a workpiece material of SKD 11 tool steel and electrode of brass. Three process variables, i.e., voltage, electrolyte concentration and gap width with three levels for each process variables investigated. Based on the number of process variables and its level, an orthogonal array of L9 and two times replications employed in the design of the experiment. Setting a combination of significant machining parameters to maximize the material removal rate and minimize the surface roughness of the workpiece based on the results of optimization using the Taguchi method and weighted principal component analysis is a combination of voltage factors at level 3 of 48 V, electrolyte concentration at level 2 of 150 g/l, and gap width at level 1 of 1 mm. Machining parameter that has the greatest contribution is an electrolyte concentration which is 41.98%, then the contribution of voltage of 32.33%, and the gap width is 5.63%. Based on the results of confirmation experiments reveal that principal component analysis can effectively acquire the optimal combination of cutting parameters.
Development of Web Based Real Time Remote Laboratory for Teaching and Learning
Authors: Mahmud Faisal , Zubir Mohd Nashrul Mohd , Ahmad Mohd Yazed Bin , Abdullah Zuraidah Binti , Kadri Nahrizul Adib Bin , Obaidellah Unaizah Hanum Binti , Amin Faisal Tousif
Published: July 2020

A concept has been developed that utilizes the internet to conduct live laboratory exercises under remote condition. The idea about remote laboratory is based on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) philosophy, controlling system and communication. The integration of these three components plays an important role in making the facility accessible and operational online. In order to realize this concept, an open-source development tool called Node-RED which links the user and the remote facility via a web interface platform has been adopted. Node-RED is a programming tool for connecting hardware, Application Programming Interface (API) and online services in various ways. The node-red dashboard allows users to carry out remote experiments. This strategy would also allow users to leverage internet resources to implement laboratory exercise by eliminating relevant time and space limitation problems. An experimental setup was created to demonstrate the above-mentioned remote laboratory model. Various types of sensors and actuators were used to replace physical interaction between the end-user and the laboratory deployment. A microcontroller was employed to process and relay the data between the host computer and the equipment. It was shown that the communication between the web and remote infrastructure was successfully established and the facility was able to be accessed and operated via the web-based interface using internet protocol. This endeavor serves as an important milestone towards realizing internet-based education particularly in science, technology and engineering streams which primarily involves physical laboratory exercise.
Lateral Control of Functionally Graded Composite Beam under Static Load by using Piezoelectric Layer
Authors: Toudehdehghan Abdolreza
Published: July 2020

Controlling the deflection of a composite cantilever beam under concentrate static force at the free end is investigated. The composite beam is made of ceramic and metal, which gradually change from ceramic to the metal in thickness coordinate. This kind of composite is called Functionally Graded Material (FGM). In FGM, material properties are presumed to differ as an exponential function. The governing equation of the rectangular composite beam is based on Euler-Bernoulli deformation theory. Two control models are considered in this article. First, two piezoelectric actuators are attached to the two sides of the composite beam which each of these actuators is applied the voltage separately. To control the deflection of each point of the composite beam, the difference between the two voltages is considered constant. Second, a piezoelectric actuator is attached to the free end of the composite beam, which also provides a relation to control any desired point of the composite beam. By comparing the two models, the superiority of the second model is proven.
Synthesis of Castor Oil-Based Polyols Reinforced with Organoclay-Chitosan as Nanocomposite Polyurethane Coatings in The Application of Environmentally Friendly Medical Equipment
Authors: Rihayat T , Putri K Y , Yunus Y , Riskina S
Published: July 2020

In this research, castor oil is used as raw material for making polyols. This review provides an overview of polyurethane coatings for the application of anti-bacterial medical devices. The anti-bacterial properties used in this review are chitosan. Chitosan is an amino polysaccharide that has a great structural tendency to produce bioactive materials with innovative properties and a variety of applications, especially in the biomedical field. To improve the physical and mechanical properties of polyurethane such as heat resistance, modifications were made with the addition of bentonite. This study with a variation of polyurethane/bentonite/chitosan ratio of 2, 3 and 4 (% w / v), as well as tests conducted in the form of FTIR, TGA, and anti-bacterial tests. The results obtained for the best level of thermal stability in polyurethane / bentonite / chitosan 4%: 4% with a temperature of 600.94 °C and remaining weight 7.5 mg, while the anti-bacterial test obtained the largest inhibitory zone in polyurethane/bentonite/chitosan 4%: 4% for Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria at 7.66 mm and Escherichia Coli bacteria at 5.8 mm.
Travel Time Estimation for Destination In Bali Using kNN-Regression Method with Tensorflow
Authors: Murni  , Kosasih R , Fahrurozi A , Handhika T , Sari I , Lestari D P
Published: July 2020

On a tour activity, travel time estimation is needed so that the travel itinerary goes according to the plan. Travel time estimation is very important so we can estimate the time needed to arrive at the destinations in the travel itinerary. Therefore we need a method that can estimate travel time from one place to another. In this study, we propose the k-Nearest Neighbors Regression (kNN-Regression) method with Tensorflow to construct an estimation model. The proposed number of features in our estimation model is 8 features, i.e. zone information, time information, day information, weather information, temperature information, wind speed information, humidity information, and precipitation information. The data obtained from travel information from Ngurah Rai airport to Kuta Beach using GPS and weather information using weather application in real-time. We divide our data into two groups: a historical group consisting of 177 data and a testing group consisting of 51 data. In the testing stage, kNN-Regression will find the historical data closest to the testing data, so that the estimation value of the travel time of some testing data is not much different from the value of the nearest historical data. As a result, our proposed model gives the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 2.196078, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.977036294 and accuracy rate 88.1819%.
The Effectiveness of Coffee Bean Processing Machines in the Rezeki Farmers Group in Takengon, Central Aceh
Authors: Amri  , Salahuddin  , Rizka Muhammad
Published: July 2020

The appropriate technology program in the Community Service Scheme of Science and Technology for the community entitled “Effectiveness of Coffee Bean Processing Machines in the Rezeki Farmers Group in Takengon, Central Aceh” is to assist partner communities in efforts to improve UD Rezeki Group productivity through the application of appropriate technology and training in product diversification skills. coffee preparations. The method in implementing the Community Service Program consists of three activities, namely (1) making Coffee Roasting machines, flour and packaging, (2) training in processing skills for types of coffee beans, Arabica and Robusta and (3) Coffee Packaging Systems. The purpose of this Coffee Grinder Machine Design activity can facilitate the work in large-scale coffee milling. The methods taken in this design include: the survey stage, the planning stage, the implementation phase, post-construction and report making. Through engine performance test results obtained as follows: 70 watt wiper motor capable of rotating a load of 10 kg with a 72 rpm rotational speed. Gear transmission can reduce rotation from 180 rpm to 72 rpm. The temperature control unit can regulate temperatures from 500 C to 2500 C, while the rotation speed control unit can set the speed from 10 rpm to 72 rpm.
Microbottle-Resonator Ethanol Liquid Sensor
Authors: Johari M A M , Rosol A H , Baharuddin N A , Khudus M I M A , Jali M H , Maslinda M S , Jaapar S S , Harun S W
Published: July 2020

This investigation studies the use microbottle resonator (MBR) as ethanol liquid sensor. This resonator made-up from silica fiber SMF28 using process recognized as “soften- and-compress” to form bottle structure with a diaphragm diameter Db = 170μm, stem diameter of Ds = 125μm and bottle length Lb = 180μm. The MBR characterized by via 3μm tapered microfiber and bright to have >104 for the quality factor value (Q-factor). The MBR was formerly used as ethanol liquid sensor for the range between 10% to 100% and compared with non-MBR microfiber for wide-ranging performance. The MBR sensor was initiate to have a sensitivity 0.1756 dB/%ppm with linearity 99.28% and standard deviation of 3.355 dB, which was exceptional compare to the non-MBR microfiber in all limitation measured.
Formulating an Anorganic Membrane Using Clay, Activated Carbon and Micro Zeolite as Filter Media for Peat Water Purification
Authors: Nahar N , Saifuddin S , Sami Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Peat water is surface water in swampy or lowland areas that has a high color intensity, low pH (3-5) and strongly metals’ bonded. In proper treatment, the existence of peat water can meet the needs of the surrounding community. Additionally, keeping clean water or drinking water can be helped by the alternative treatment of peat water. Peat inorganic ceramic membrane which can be in accordance with water quality based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 492 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2010. Ceramic membrane made from clay and modified with activated carbon and zeolite in such way turned out to be able to produce drinking water in accordance with drinkable water standards. This study aims to determine the membrane’s ability to treat peat water and determine the magnitude of turbidity reduction, total dissolved solid (TDS), pH, Fe and Mn and E. coli bacteria. This research was carried out by filtering peat water through the membrane. Membranes was made of tubes with specifications used are 7 cm high and 6.8 cm in diameter and 0.8 cm wide with various mixture of clays, activated carbon and zeolites. The compositions are 80; 10; 10; 70; 20; 10; 60; 30; 10, 50; 40; 10, respectively, and 140 mesh active carbon size variations. After the investigation, it turns out that all of the composition 80; 10; 10 (clay: activated carbon: zeolite) with a combustion temperature of 800°C is the best membrane removal result that produces standards drinkable water content with clear color intensity.
Methodology of ecological and geological assessment of technogenic oil product deposits (on the example of the territory of the Burnakovsky lowland, Nizhny Novgorod)
Authors: Izosimova O S , Podlipsky I I , Zelenkovsky P S , Lebedev S V , Belyaev A M , Dubrova S V , Kriyt V E , Sladkova Yu N
Published: July 2020

The present study is devoted to the assessment of hydrogeological conditions in the field of discharge of the water-bearing horizon. The study is carried out on the territory of the Burnakovo Lowland tank farm, Nizhny Novgorod, and the adjacent areas. These areas are potentially adverse areas with disturbed surface runoff conditions. Within these anthropogenically modified areas of megacities, there is pollution due to additional infiltration nutrition. In this case, it is possible to form a layer of liquid oil products on the surface of the water-bearing horizon and subsequent migration of pollutants within the catchment areas of rivers and water bodies.
Problems of evaluating the stressed state of welded joints of offshore fixed platforms of type “jacket” through the example of the Black sea region
Authors: Starokon I V
Published: July 2020

Offshore stationary platforms are actively used for oil and gas production on offshore fields in the world. Thus only in the Gulf of Mexico, approximately 4,500 such structures are used. Actively offshore stationary platforms are used by Norway, Azerbaijan, Iran and other Persian Gulf countries, China, Brazil, the USA and many other countries. The offshore platforms considered in the article are structures welded from pipes of various diameters. These platforms are affected by wind, wave and other loads, which cause them to vary in direction and magnitude of voltage. The article analyzes methods for calculating stress values for welded joints of platforms. Based on these methods, the author carried out numerical and analytical modeling of the stress state of the welded joints of the offshore stationary platform, obtained practical results on the example of a “T” type welded joint
Estimation of efficiency of the thermal diagnostic method for detecting corrosion defects of fixed offshore platforms
Authors: Starokon I V
Published: July 2020

Currently, the world is actively developing offshore fields. This production is carried out using fixed offshore platforms. During operation, offshore platforms are exposed to various influences, including corrosion. As a result of this effect, caverns are formed on the surface of the structural elements of the platform, which are stress concentrators and capable of causing critical overvoltage of the platform elements. To prevent this situation, it is necessary to identify hazardous corrosion defects in a timely manner. The article describes a comparative analysis of modern non-destructive testing methods, as well as the results of a method developed by the author on the basis of experimental studies for assessing the depth of corrosion defects.
Experimental research of electrical loads in residential and public buildings
Authors: Soluyanov Y I , Fedotov A I , Soluyanov D Y , Akhmetshin A R
Published: July 2020

The Association “Roselectromontazh” conducted a study of electrical loads for residential and public buildings in the Republic of Tatarstan showed that actual electrical loads are 1.5 - 2.5 times lower than in regulatory documents. Recently constructed cable networks and transformer substations of 0.4 / 10 kV in fact turn out to be underloaded. Moreover, this underload is such that most of the transformers rarely operate at 30% of their capacity during hours of maximum power consumption. The calculation of electric load is the basis for designing the power supply system of any capital construction facility. According to the open joint-stock company “Network Company” and with the support of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan, the Association “Roselectromontazh” carried out an experimental study on updating the requirements for calculating electricity consumption in public and public buildings of the Republic of Tatarstan. The actualization of electrical loads will lead to a significant economic effect by reducing the declared capacity and accordingly the power and number of power transformers reducing the cross-sections of power cables and consequently, capital costs during construction and operation.
Implementation of wireless data transmission method on wells equipped with sucker-rod pumping units
Authors: Bikbulatova G I , Galeev A S , Valitov M Z , Sabanov S L , Boltneva Y A , Shipilova O A
Published: July 2020

When operating wells equipped with SRP units, the parameters of the products are monitored mainly via a wired communication channel in close proximity to the bottom by means of sensors. In the course of the work, it was found that, despite the large number of proposed scientific and engineering solutions, the objective of creating a reliable wireless electromagnetic channel connecting to the well bottom along with a configuration for its implementation is urgent, especially as far as the practical implementation is concerned. A distinguishing feature of the engineering solution proposed is data transmission via a galvanic communication channel in the course of well operation, involving the electric current excitation in the metal string in a well using the ground generator with one terminal connected to the ground part of the metal string and the other one to the pickup electrode on the well surface; switching dielectric loading, splitting the metal string in the downhole into the top and bottom parts, and data receipt from the well bottom depending on the ripple caused by the switching of the dielectric loading, where the data transfer phase synchronized with the upward lift of the rod string providing the possibility to use the feedback in order to track the cycle duration with a constant voltage on the dielectric splitter.
Determination of lower sucker-rod breakage in wells equipped with sucker-rod pumps
Authors: Galeev A S , Bikbulatova G I , Boltneva Y A , Sabanov S L
Published: July 2020

Development of mature oilfields of the Ural-Volga region is performed primarily by means of downhole sucker-rod pumping units (UShSN). The most characteristic failures of these installations are breakdowns and twist-offs and pump valve failures [1-5]. The ways of the elimination of these accidents vary significantly: rod breakage or twist-off implies pulling out of downhole equipment, and elimination of “sticking” of the pump’s shut-off valve assembly requires rehabilitation of downhole equipment through flushing with water, hot petroleum or a solvent. Failure to identify a malfunction leads to incorrect planning of wellbore equipment rehabilitation activities and, eventually, to economic losses.The cause of downhole equipment malfunctions is usually determined through analysis of dynamometer cards (DC). However, in the majority of cases, the dynamometer cards do not allow to distinguish the rods’ tail end twist-off from the rod pump valve failure. In the paper presented the method is considered for rapid detection of rod breakage and twist-offs (RBT) in the wellbore, which involves creation of an electrical circuit “rod string - tubing string” and monitoring of its integrity. To determine the failure type, the synchronization module measures the system’s resistance on the dielectric coupling via an electromagnetic conduit. In case of RBT, the electrical resistance of “tubing - pump - rod string” circuit will be much higher (over 2 Ohm) than in case of absence of this failure (0…2 Ohm).
Application of unlimited and limited anisotropic core compression results for wellbore stability calculations
Authors: Aliev M M , Shafieva S V , Karimova N G , Gilyazova S R
Published: July 2020

The study touches upon the issue of wellbore stability in wells drilled in anisotropic rocks. Initial data for solving this task is the results of anisotropic core samples testing for unlimited and limited compression taken from one section of the whole core and drilled in different directions. These data are taken from the works of foreign authors that are collected and presented in [1]. The problem of wellbore stability drilled in multi-layer highly anisotropic rocks is solved by applying a strength criterion that includes stress tensor components and the angle between the normal line to the slip area and the direction of lamination. Given that the values of the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio for the anisotropic rocks under consideration in the main directions of anisotropy differ insignificantly, the stress distribution around the wellbore is accepted without taking into account the anisotropy of the elastic properties. It is believed that strength anisotropy is the cause of rock destruction. Thus, the components of the stress tensor are determined using the superposition method by summing the solutions of the classical Kirsch and Lame problems.
Wear evaluation methods for friction units of aircraft GTE oil systems: the on-line methods
Authors: Hodunaev A Y
Published: July 2020

On-line sensors based on optical, ultrasonic, electostatic and inductive principles are evaluated for use in determination of wear in oil systems of aircraft GTEs. This application is limited due to contraints of the high oil flow rate (40-60 L/min) and the flow diameter of 20-25 mm. Under such conditions, most sensors are unable to function efficiently and give incorrect readings. As such, creating on-line wear evaluation systems remains hardware-limited. Decrease of detection limit of non-ferrious particles for inductive type sensors is a possible way to solve the issue.
Cyber Security System With SIEM And Honeypot In Higher Education
Authors: Suroso Jarot S. , Prastya Caesario Putra
Published: July 2020

Communication science and information technology (ICT) has been progressing and contain complex implication for individual, groups and inter-country relationship. Along with ICT evolution, threats (including theft of information) increase and electronic systems are adopted. As a government agency in higher education with the country’s strategic data, XYZ cannot escape hackers trying to access the assets. Strategic assets include system and company’s data as well as systems and data which might be taken for granted by irresponsible parties. Therefore, it is necessary to secure information and data systems in XYZ. Moreover to test whether the implemented cyber security system can optimally standardize the company’s information and data systems. The application of Security Information Event Management (SIEM) to cyber security systems to detect incoming threat alerts and block access to suspicious threats. While the honeypot is used to deceive the hacker into a fake system intentionally attacked and learning the tricks that intruders use when performing the action. The results of the test of the application of SIEM and Honeypot at XYZ can monitor the monitoring of information system and data-related threats in real-time, and deter and transmit cyber-attacks to adequately protect information security so that the use of cyber security systems with SIEM & Honeypot can secure the information and data systems owned by XYZ optimal.
Design of Information System to Detect Antenatal Depression
Authors: Yuliasari Alfiyana , Prabawa Artha
Published: July 2020

Depression is a major cause of disease burden worldwide in women of childbearing age and 5-10% of all pregnant women experience antenatal depression. depression in pregnancy is associated with the incidence of stillbirth, premature, low birth weight, asphyxia, and congenital abnormalities in newborns. Although antenatal depression has a very detrimental effect, anxiety and depression during pregnancy are still less detected so that the treatment has not been maximized. The aim of this study is to develop model of antenatal depression detection system. This research will design an information system on detection of antenatal depression based on Android mobile using prototyping method. The needs analysis of this information systems is carried out by interviews, observations, and literature studies aimed at producing an effective and efficient system. Antenatal depression detection test uses the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire consisting of 10 questions. The results of this study is the form of antenatal depression detection information system design in android and web based.
Design and Development of Parking Motor Parking Information System at Muhammadiyah University, Sidoarjo
Authors: Wisaksono Arief , Ragil Catur Aswar
Published: July 2020

The problem that often occurs in high-rise motorbike parking lots is the lack of information on the availability of motorbike parking lots. Currently at Muhammadiyah University in Sidoarjo there is no information system in the motorbike parking lot so users are often forced to surround parking lots to find empty parking lots, in the face of problems this requires a good information system so that motorbike parking users can find out information on the availability of parking spaces. Through this research entitled the design of a motorbike parking information system in a multi-storey building, it is expected to make it easier for users to park at Muhammadiyah University in finding a parking space. This research is done by making a design simulation by utilizing Arduino module components, Ethernet shield modules & infrared obstacle sensors, the working principle of the system is the infrared obstacle sensor installed at the entrance and exit on each floor whose function is to provide data to the Arduino then Arduino processes the sensor by sending data to the database, the database is used to store data and sensor values in the database that will be displayed in the Web browser which will be displayed on the monitor installed on the ground floor to notify the driver of the empty parking slot so as to produce efficiency BBM and time efficiency.
Improving Text Preprocessing For Student Complaint Document Classification Using Sastrawi
Authors: Rosid Mochamad Alfan , Fitrani Arif Senja , Astutik Ika Ratna Indra , Mulloh Nasrudin Iqrok , Gozali Haris Ahmad
Published: July 2020

In the text mining there are stages that must be passed namely the text preprocessing stage. Text preprocessing is the stage to do the data selection process in each document, including case folding, tokenizing, filtering, and stemming. The results of the preprocessing process can affect the accuracy of document classification. In documents Bahasa Indonesia, there are still often over-stemming and under-stemming, so improvements are needed in the stemming process. In this study, it is proposed to use sastrawi libraries to improve the results of previous studies that are still not optimal in the results of preprocessing, especially in the filtering and stemming process. From the results of the study, the sastrawi library is able to reduce over stemming and under stemming and a faster processing time compared to using a Tala stemmer.
Augmented reality using Natural Feature Tracking (NFT) method for learning media of makharijul huruf
Authors: Ulfah Syita , Ramdania Diena Rauda , Fatoni Uwes , Mukhtar Khoiruddin , Tajiri Hajir , Sarbini Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Makharijul huruf is the place of the letter hijaiyah (Arabic letters) from alif to ya. If someone mistakes in reciting a letter on al-Qur’an then the meaning of the word or sentence may be different from the meaning of the original word. Few learning media that provides information about makharijul huruf such as school academic books, books of tajwid al-Qur’an, etc. However, to make terms of visual and audio clearer we can use augmented reality technology as a learning media. Augmented reality for makharijul huruf requires a marker of hijaiyah in printing form. Tracking marker in this research using Natural Feature Tracking (NFT) method. In the application of learning this makharijul huruf will produce a 3D object visualization of the oral organs and audio sounds hijaiyah letters and explanations about makharijul huruf. The results of black box testing and beta testing states that this application can be accepted by users by obtaining a percentage of 91%. It can be concluded that applications built functionally have produced results as expected.
IoT Business Model Development for Food Safety Monitoring System in the Poultry Slaughterhouse
Authors: Fadillah Achmad , Indrawan Dikky
Published: July 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) has changed the industrial direction and open a new opportunity for the food business. The food safety business took this technological leap to increase food safety in the industry. The technological leap focuses on the improvement of traceability system in order to guarantee the appropriate level of protection for biological and chemical hazards in the poultry slaughtering. Consumers’ concerns about food safety are the key to new technological businesses by using the internet platform and reengineer the computer system. The different business model for IoT provides a system building for new ventures. This paper aims to describe a new business based on a new internet technology development. An internet-based business on food safety notification for the slaughterhouse with regards to food safety hazards is the main business backbone. The system development will be based on a sensor and link with the android system that integrated conveyor system to detect the possible biological and chemical hazards. The future new business model of IoT system is integrated with HACCP sensors.
The Effect Of The Ratio Of The Hub Diameter (d) To The Diameter Of The Screw (D) To The Performance Of The Archimides Screw
Authors: Helmizar  , Nuramal Agus , Daratha Novalio , Setiawan Arif
Published: July 2020

The potency of the ultra-low head hydro resource is quite huge in the world. In Indonesia, only 1.8% of the Pico hydro potency with head of less than 5m is utilized as electric resource [1]. Archimedes screw is one of the promising technology that could be used to extract this low head hydro resource. One prominent factor which is affecting the performance of the Archimedes turbine screw is the ratio of the hub diameter (d) to the diameter of the screw (D). In this paper, the ratio d/D were varied as 0.22, 0.29, 0.33, 0.42. In addition, flow rate (Q), were varied as well as 1.8 l/s, 1.4 l/s, 1.0 l/s. The blade configuration that used in this test is a single blade. The result shows that the highest efficiency is achieved with the diameter ratio of d/D = 0.42 with the eficiency off 40.23%.
Characterizing the cellular architecture of dynamically remodeling vascular tissue using 3-D image analysis and virtual reconstruction
Authors: Madhu Roopa , Rodriguez Delany , Guzik Claudia , Singh Shambhavi , De Tomaso Anthony W. , Valentine Megan T. , Loerke Dinah
Published: July 2020

The dynamic remodeling of epithelial tubes is examined in vivo using a novel model system, the extracorporeal vasculature of Botryllus schlosseri, with 3-D image analysis. Cells within the vascular wall are planar polarized, with integrin- and curvature-dependent axial elongation of cells and robust circumferential alignment of actin bundles.
Genetic suppression of defective profilin by attenuated Myosin II reveals a potential role for Myosin II in actin dynamics in vivo in fission yeast
Authors: Zambon Paola , Palani Saravanan , Jadhav Shekhar Sanjay , Gayathri Pananghat , Balasubramanian Mohan K.
Published: July 2020

This work reveals an in vivo role for Myosin II in actin dynamics, potentially in its disassembly and turnover. The work uses double mutant analysis to arrive at this conclusion using the fission yeast as a model organism.
Tracking a voyager: mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal mainland-to-island dispersal of an American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) across the Caribbean
Authors: Balaguera-Reina Sergio A , Moncada-Jimenez Juan F , Prada-Quiroga Carlos F , Hernandez-Gonzalez Felipe , Bolaños-Cubillos Nacor W , Farfán-Ardila Nidia , Garcia-Calderón Lina M , Densmore Llewellyn D
Published: July 2020

Conservation efforts have allowed American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) populations to recover to the point that dispersal movements are beginning to be documented. The environmental authority of San Andres Island in Colombia reported, for the first time, the arrival of two C. acutus from unknown localities in 2012 and 2018. The former was sacrificed, and the latter was captured and kept in captivity to determining its potential origin. We used wildlife forensics to establish the origin of the animal that arrived in 2018 based on two mitochondrial genes (COI and Cytb). Additionally, five other samples from Tayrona National Natural Park (TNNP), and Salamanca Island Road Park (SIRP) were sequenced for molecular attribution of these populations to the currently described lineages. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses showed that the American crocodile found in San Andrés belongs to a continental evolutionary lineage endemic to Colombia, showing also a strong genetic similarity with animals from SIRP. Thus, the most likely origin for this individual was not the nearest continental area but somewhere around the central Colombian Caribbean, located ~700 km from the island. We discuss the implication of our findings in the systematics and conservation of the species and the potential of mitochondrial DNA analysis to identify such migrants.
Community organizing in anti-corruption initiatives through spontaneous participation: Bangladesh perspective
Authors: Sakib Nurul Huda
Published: July 2020

In the past few years, community organizing has been initiated by different government and non-government organizations in corruption prevention through creating social awareness and motivation. The question arises: Can community-based organizations or community organizing empower people to raise their voice to prevent corruption? Based on empirical evidence, this research argues that engaging the community in anti-corruption initiatives can be an effective way to avert corruption and empower people’s voice. The finding shows that anti-corruption initiatives through spontaneous individual and collective involvement at the local level have an impact on creating accountability and transparency. Despite several challenges, these group and individual efforts have had significant results in promoting anti-corruption efforts in Bangladesh. Effective anti-corruption initiatives in engaging the community need ‘spontaneous’ participation by individuals or groups. As such, the government should give primacy of these individuals and groups and use them to create more formalized corruption watchdog bodies at the sub-regional level and make it a stronger National Integrity Systems foundation.
Moronga, by Horacio Castellanos Moya, and the Divergence of Latin American Noir
Authors: Luna Sellés Carmen
Published: July 2020

Taking Moronga (2018), by Salvadorian author Horacio Castellanos Moya, as a point of departure, this article focuses on the reinterpretation of mainstream crime fiction in Latin American terms. This new approach is made from both formal and thematic perspectives. Moronga is structurally fragmented; the traditional detective figure has disappeared, and the plot does not revolve around a single crime but denounces a society at large which is characterized by paranoid surveillance. The reinterpretation of the crime fiction genre in Latin American terms has opened up two different strands of noir: firstly, the so-called ‘post-neopolicial’ where crime is a mere backdrop to formal experimentation, and secondly, what Ricardo Piglia refers to as ‘ficción paranoica’ [paranoiac fiction]. Moronga is a good example of both these strands, making it an appropriate case study to analyse the ways in which Hispanic literature deviates from classic Anglophone crime fiction (particularly the North American hardboiled tradition).
Advance Directives State Requirements, Center Practices, and Participant Prevalence in Adult Day Services Centers: Findings From the 2016 National Study of Long-Term Care Providers
Authors: Lendon Jessica Penn , Caffrey Christine , Lau Denys T
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Adult day services centers (ADSCs) may serve as an entrée to advance care planning. This study examined state requirements for ADSCs to provide advance directives (ADs) information to ADSC participants, ADSCs’ awareness of requirements, ADSCs’ practice of providing AD information, and their associations with the percentage of participants with ADs.

Methods

Using the 2016 National Study of Long-Term Care Providers, analyses included 3,305 ADSCs that documented ADs in participants’ files. Bivariate and linear regression analyses were conducted.

Results

Nine states had a requirement to provide AD information. About 80.8% of ADSCs provided AD information and 41.3% of participants had documented ADs. There were significant associations between state requirements, awareness, and providing information with AD prevalence. State requirement was mediated by awareness.

Discussion

This study found many ADSCs provided AD information, and ADSCs that thought their state had a requirement and provided information was associated with AD prevalence, regardless of state requirements.
Effects of intermittent starvation on the survival, growth, and nutritional status of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium borellii Nobili, 1896 (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae)
Authors: Stumpf Liane , Timpanaro Santiago , Battista Ariadna , López Greco Laura
Published: July 2020

We examined the effect of the double restriction-recovery cycle on survival, growth, and nutritional status of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium borellii (Nobili, 1896), native to floodplain rivers of Argentina. The restriction period consisted of intermittent starvation (alternating four-day feeding with no feeding for four days) and a recovery period of continuous feeding following the restriction period. Survival was high over a 20-week trial with cycles of food scarcity. Prawns showed a slight impact on their growth throughout the entire first cycle of restriction-recovery; however, compensatory growth was not triggered. The reduction of growth was markedly more drastic after the second restriction period, but compensatory growth was not exhibited when the second recovery period was reestablished. Any possible impact of the double cycle of intermittent starvation on energy reserves and structure of the hepatopancreas was compensated by a posterior cycle of continuous feeding. The results demonstrated that M. borelli can successfully support long-term food scarcity throughout the juvenile and adult phases, at least intermittently and followed by a recovery period. The high nutritional flexibility is an adaptation to fluctuations in food availability and an advantage for successful ornamental aquaculture.
China’s Non-Recognition of Foreign Same-Sex Unions
Authors: Liu Yin
Published: July 2020

Chinese law neither expressly recognises nor prohibits same-sex unions (‘same-sex unions’ in this article refers to homosexual relationships that are legally recognised and protected by law, including marriage, civil union, (un)registered partnership, and so on). Until now, no dispute over foreign same-sex union has been brought in a Chinese court. However, the Department of Consular Affairs of China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs has adopted a blanket non-recognition rule, alleging that same-sex unions would violate China’s (‘China’ hereinafter refers to the jurisdiction of Mainland China, excluding those of the Hong Kong SAR, the Macao SAR, and Taiwan) family law and the public interest. However, it is argued that foreign same-sex unions should be recognised unless such recognition would violate the public policy of the forum state. First, foreign same-sex unions should be regulated by the Chinese conflict rules, not by Chinese domestic law. Additionally, China is internationally obliged to recognise and protect fundamental human rights (right to marry). Secondly, under China’s conflict rules, a foreign same-sex union should be governed by the lex personalis or the law that has the closest connection with that union. Thirdly, as more than 40 jurisdictions throughout the world have legally recognised same-sex unions, and China itself has decriminalised homosexuality, same-sex unions would not necessarily be incompatible with China’s public policy. Fourthly, non-recognition of same-sex unions would instead cause public policy problems because it practically always favours one party over another, helping foreign same-sex couples to evade their responsibilities imposed by the relevant foreign law.
ANCA vasculitis and IgA nephropathy linked to silica exposure
Authors: Rao N , Bendall A , Lanteri M
Published: July 2020

There is a recognized association between silica exposure and Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV); however, no clear association between silica exposure and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy. We describe the case of a 26-year-old male stonemason who presents with hilar lymphadenopathy, haematuria and acute kidney injury related to silica exposure, AAV and IgA nephropathy. He was asymptomatic on presentation; urinalysis revealed glomerular haematuria (>1000 red blood cells/L) and proteinuria (protein-to-creatinine ratio 84 mg/mmol). ANCA anti-myeloperoxidase serology was strongly positive. Mediastinal lymph node biopsy revealed multiple necrotizing granulomas with silica inclusions, and renal biopsy demonstrated crescentic glomerulonephritis and mesangial IgA staining. The patient was treated with cyclophosphamide and high-dose prednisolone with subsequent improvement in renal function. To our knowledge, this is the first report of both ANCA vasculitis and IgA nephropathy in the setting of silica exposure. This case highlights the relevance of occupational exposures in renal disease, and the immune-stimulatory effect of silica.
Moral Intuitions and Suicide Risk: Results from a National Sample of Icelandic Youth*
Authors: Silver Eric , Silver Jason R , Sigfusdottir Inga Dora
Published: July 2020

Combining insights from Moral Foundations Theory and the Durkheimian tradition, we examine the effects of moral intuitions on suicide risk. We argue that moral intuitions constitute a moral-regulative force that individuals bring with them into a range of socially structured settings and that influence their behavior independent of the structural forces in play in those settings. Focusing on Iceland, an economically advanced country with a largely secular and individualistic culture, and using data from a national sample of youth between the ages of 16 and 21 (N = 10,710), we find that group-oriented (binding) moral intuitions are associated with lower suicide risk while individual-oriented (individualizing) moral intuitions are associated with higher suicide risk. We also find an unexpected (non-linear) protective effect among respondents with strong individualizing moral intuitions, and some evidence that the effects of individualizing moral intuitions on suicide risk are conditioned by involvement in socially integrative relationships. Overall, our results suggest that the sociological study of suicide would be meaningfully improved by incorporating moral intuitions into the model.
Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Spermatogenesis—Lesson From Studies of Toxicant Models
Authors: Wang Lingling , Yan Ming , Wu Siwen , Mao Baiping , Wong Chris K C , Ge Renshan , Sun Fei , Cheng C Yan
Published: July 2020

Studies have shown that mammalian testes, in particular the Sertoli cells, are highly susceptible to exposure of environmental toxicants, such as cadmium, perfluorooctanesulfonate, phthalates, 2,5-hexanedione and bisphenol A. However, important studies conducted by reproductive toxicologists and/or biologists in the past have been treated as toxicology reports per se. Yet, many of these studies provided important mechanistic insights on the toxicant-induced testis injury and reproductive dysfunction, relevant to the biology of the testis and spermatogenesis. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that findings obtained from toxicant models are exceedingly helpful tools to unravel the biology of testis function in particular spermatogenesis, including specific cellular events associated with spermatid transport to support spermiogenesis and spermiation. In this review, we critically evaluate some recent data, focusing primarily on the molecular structure and role of microtubules in cellular function, illustrating the importance of toxicant models to unravel the biology of microtubule cytoskeleton in supporting spermatogenesis, well beyond information on toxicology. These findings have opened up some potential areas of research which should be carefully evaluated in the years to come.
The Cannabinoid Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol Disrupts Estrogen Signaling in Human Placenta
Authors: Maia João , Almada Marta , Midão Luís , Fonseca Bruno M , Braga Jorge , Gonçalves Daniela , Teixeira Natércia , Correia-da-Silva Georgina
Published: July 2020

Cannabis consumption is increasing worldwide either for recreational or medical purposes. Its use during gestation is associated with negative pregnancy outcomes such as, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased risk of miscarriage, though the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Cannabis sativa main psychoactive compound, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is highly lipophilic, and as such, readily crosses the placenta. Consequently, THC may alter normal placental development and function. Here, we hypothesize alterations of placental steroidogenesis caused by THC exposure. The impact on placental estrogenic signaling was examined by studying THC effects upon the enzyme involved in estrogens production, aromatase and on estrogen receptor α (ERα), using placental explants, and the cytotrophoblast cell model BeWo. Aromatase expression was upregulated by THC, being this effect potentiated by estradiol. THC also increased ERα expression. Actions on aromatase were ERα-mediated, as were abolished by the selective ER downregulator ICI-182780 and dependent on the cannabinoid receptor CB1 activation. Furthermore, the presence of the aromatase inhibitor Exemestane did not affect THC-induced increase in ERα expression. However, THC effects on ERα levels were reversed by the antagonists of CB1 and CB2 receptors AM281 and AM630, respectively. Thus, we demonstrate major alterations in estrogen signaling caused by THC, providing new insight on how cannabis consumption leads to negative pregnancy outcomes, likely through placental endocrine alterations. Data presented in this study, together with our recently reported evidence on THC disruption of placental endocannabinoid homeostasis, represent a step forward into a deeper comprehension of the puzzling actions of THC.