bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Medical Image Classification Model based on Quantum-Inspired Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Ibrahim Hussain K. , Rokbani Nizar , Wali Ali , Ouahada Khmaies , Chabchoub Habib , Alimi Adel M.
Published: October 2024

This study used a Quantum-Inspired Genetic Algorithm (QIGA) to select the proper functionality and reduce the dimensions, classification time, and computational cost of a learning dataset. QIGA reduces the complexity of solutions and improves the selection of the best features. The application of quantum principles, in particular the unpredictability of quantum chromosomes, which are represented by qubits, can help in investigating a significantly more extensive solution space. QIGA offers a novel approach to feature selection in optimization problems. Using principles from quantum computing, this algorithm aims to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the feature selection process to increase performance. This indicates that features of both exploration and exploitation are embodied by QIGA without requiring massive amounts of data. Considerable gains in classification accuracy were achieved compared to traditional methods. The dynamic design of the models through the evolutionary mechanism in QIGA enables the optimization process to adapt to varying probabilities produced from the qubit overlay via the quantum rotation gate. This is contrary to traditional methods. The model using QIGA offered a more precise classification than the model optimized by Genetic Algorithms (GA). The proposed method achieved superior performance in terms of classification accuracy, with a score of more than 98%, compared to GA, which achieved a classification accuracy of 94%.
A Study on the Bond Characteristics of Steel Bars in Concrete Containing Polypropylene (PP) Plastic Particles as Fine Aggregate
Authors: Sofyan Muhammad , Parung Herman , Tjaronge Muhammad Wihardi , Amiruddin Andi Arwin
Published: October 2024

The use of plastic in modern society has resulted in a considerable amount of environmental contamination, largely due to the inherent chemical composition of the material. This poses a significant risk to the surrounding environment, particularly in terms of its impact on soil, air, and water quality. The use of recycled plastic in concrete is becoming increasingly prevalent within the construction industry due to its potential to mitigate environmental contamination from plastic waste. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of concrete incorporating recycled Polypropylene (PP) plastic as a fine aggregate. The two critical factors under examination were the quantity of PP plastic granules used as a proportion of fine aggregate (ranging from 0% to 30%) and the water-cement (w/c) ratio, which could be 0.45 or 0.55, in conjunction with a 1.5% plasticizer. The samples were subjected to a pull-out test to evaluate the parameters of bond stress behavior, failure mode, and bond-slip behavior. The findings indicated that an increase in the proportion of PP plastic granules used as a substitute for fine aggregate resulted in a notable reduction in bond strength, which was further amplified when the w/c ratio was diminished. The incorporation of 10% PP plastic granules led to a reduction in bond stress by 13.4% and 11.56%, respectively, in samples with w/c ratios of 0.45 and 0.55. Consequently, at a low w/c ratio, the predominant failure mode is considered to be splitting, while a higher w/c ratio increases the probability of pull-out splitting failure.
Design of a High Gain Yagi-Uda Antenna Array for VHF-Band Radar Applications
Authors: Al-Shammari Basim K. J. , Hburi Ismail Sh. , Naman Hala A. , Alrikabi Haider Th. Salim , Khazaal Hasan F. , Neamha Kdhim A. , Qasim Ahmed J.
Published: October 2024

The radar of the Yagi-Uda antenna array offers useful traits for the detection of stealth targets. It employs the Very High Frequency (VHF) band, which has the advantage of counteracting stealth technology, as the shape of the target and the absorbing materials used for absorbing radar signals are less efficient against VHF. Moreover, the meter wavelength enables the radar to detect targets at distances exceeding those accessible to millimeter- and centimeter-wave radars. Nevertheless, the range of detection of this type of radar remains constrained and requires further development. The majority of current research is concentrated on the signal processing aspect, with less focus being placed on the antenna array. The antenna elements represent a crucial component of the radar station. This article presents a novel development of the traditional 16-element Yagi-Uda antenna array, which is commonly used in surveillance radar systems operating at a meter frequency band. The development is achieved through a modification of the previously mentioned antenna, which aims to increase the directivity of the antenna array, with a minimum cost and the same signal processing as the original antenna array platform. An additional two-row Yagi-Uda antenna array is proposed, comprising 14 elements in each row and an associated power unit. This modification is designed to enhance the pattern characteristics of the array. Simulation and measurement results for the pattern of the antenna indicate that the achieved gain for the proposed modification is more than 3 dB in compression compared to that of the traditional 16-element array.
Compressive Strength of Square Short Concrete Columns reinforced with GFRP Bars produced with Recycled Demolition Aggregate
Authors: Mohammed Omar Taha , Mohammed Hasan J.
Published: October 2024

This study experimentally investigated the compressive strength of short concrete columns reinforced with steel or Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars, using normal aggregate, Recycled Demolition Aggregate (RDA), or Recycled Demolition Concrete (RDC). The study variables included the concrete aggregate type, percentage of aggregate replacement, percentage of cement replaced by Micro Silica Fume (MSF), percentage of added Super-Plasticizer (SP), and the main reinforcement material. Twenty column specimens with dimensions of 150 mm × 150 mm × 700 mm were tested, with ten of them having been reinforced using steel bars and ten using GFRP bars. The results indicated that columns with GFRP bars had higher ultimate load values than their steel-reinforced counterparts. However, the ultimate load of the columns with replaced aggregate was lower than that of the reference column with normal concrete and decreased with an increasing percentage of replaced aggregate. These findings provide insights into the potential use of recycled demolition materials and GFRP reinforcement in short concrete columns while highlighting the impact on compressive strength and ductility.
Towards Early Breast Cancer Detection: A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Bekkouche Amina , Merzoug Mohammed , Hadjila Mourad , Ferhi Wafaa
Published: October 2024

Early detection of breast cancer is crucial for patients' recovery chances to be improved. Artificial intelligence techniques, and more particularly Deep Learning (DL), may contribute to enhancing the accuracy of this detection. The main objective of this paper is to propose a DL model in an attempt to detect and classify breast cancer, and thus help people suffering from this disease. The Breast Cancer Wisconsin dataset was implemented to train neural networks, and their performance was subsequently evaluated on certain test datasets. The findings revealed that this approach provides promising results in terms of detection accuracy, with high sensitivity and specificity. The study also compares the performance of this approach with other breast cancer detection works, demonstrating that DL can provide significantly better results.
Evaluation of Fresh and Hardened Properties of Concrete made with Rice Husk Ash admixed with Snail Shell Ash
Authors: Alhassan Abdulaziz , Adamu Musa , Aboshio Aaron , Ibrahim Yasser E.
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study is to evaluate the properties of concrete incorporating Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Snail Shell Ash (SSA) as partial replacements for cement. Cement production is a significant emission source of CO2, necessitating environmentally friendly alternatives. This research examines the combined impact of these ashes on concrete performance. RHA and SSA were employed as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) to partially replace Portland cement. The replacement levels were: RHA at 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15% and SSA at 0%, 15%, 17.5%, 20%, 22.5%, and 25% by weight. A response surface methodology was employed to design the experiments, resulting in 18 experimental runs or mixes. A number of experiments were conducted, including slump, compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and water absorption tests. The results demonstrated that the workability of the fresh concrete decreased with the addition of ashes. However, the RHA-SSA concrete exhibited enhanced strengths and durability. The optimal mix, M11, which contained 15% RHA and 15% SSA, exhibited the highest strength values at both 28 and 90 days. The RHA-SSA concrete displayed reduced porosity, with M10 (15% RHA, 25% SSA) demonstrating the lowest water absorption (5.1%) compared to 13.1% for the control mix. These findings substantiate the use of RHA-SSA concrete as a sustainable alternative in construction, addressing both environmental and performance-related concerns.
Erratum and Addendum: "Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Performance and Flooding Phenomena of a PEM Fuel Cell with and without Micro-Porous Layers"
Authors: Duong Vu , Ha Hiep Nguyen
Published: October 2024

The authors would like to declare that Figures 1-5 in [1] have previously been published (in part or in whole) in [2], which is referenced in [1] under reference number 16. The figures are reprinted in [1] with the permission of the Publisher and copyright owner of [2].
The Use of Big Data Analytics in Health Care
Authors: Ms. Hemlata  , Dr. Shweta
Published: October 2024

Utilizing Big Data analytics has the potential to enhance patient outcomes, promote individualized care, strengthen provider-patient relationships, and decrease healthcare expenditures. This paper provides an introduction to healthcare data, specifically focusing on big data in healthcare systems. It also explores the various applications and advantages of utilizing big data analytics in the healthcare industry. In addition, we showcase the advancements in big data technology in the healthcare sector, including cloud computing and stream processing. The challenges associated with the analysis of large volumes of data in healthcare systems are also addressed
Impact of Undocumented Immigrants on Adult ESL during COVID-19 and Beyond
Authors: Eyring Janet L.
Published: October 2024

All over the United States, adult ESL programs enroll students who are undocumented immigrants, often unbeknownst to the instructors who teach them. During the COVID-19 crisis, adult ESL enrollments decreased overall, but most especially for the undocumented immigrants who were most disadvantaged during the crisis. In order for program administrators and instructors to better understand the situation, this article explores who those with undocumented status are, why they have come to the US, and how well they are being served by public and private institutions and organizations. It details the nationality and settlement patterns of the undocumented immigrants as well as reasons for their departure from their homes around the world and their journeys to the United States. This article also discusses solutions for issues undocumented students face, including pedagogical approaches addressing the needs of undocumented learners given their migration experiences, funding to expand classrooms and hire teachers qualified to meet the needs of these students, and better collaboration between public schools and nonprofit organizations.
Rhetorical and Motivational Values of Multimodality in Writing: A Case Study Examining L2 Writers' Participation in Multimodal Academic Writing
Authors: Maamuujav Undarmaa , Yim Soobin , Vu Viet
Published: October 2024

Engaging second language (L2) students in multimodal academic writing that leverages multiple semiotic resources has the potential to foster their awareness of audience, purpose, and other rhetorical features. This case study explores L2 students’ engagement in a multimodal digital storytelling (DST) project. The study reports on how DST was integrated into an undergraduate writing curriculum and how students’ engagement in multimodal composition fostered their rhetorical awareness and influenced their perceptions of academic writing. The findings suggest that the process of transmediation (a process of translating meaning from one sign system into another) facilitated students’ revision, directing their attention to rhetorical features of writing. Creating digital stories enabled students to make sophisticated and deliberate rhetorical choices to bolster their arguments and transmit their messages effectively. Students exhibited positive attitudes toward the integration of multimedia. The results suggest that thoughtful integration of DST and multimodality have unique affordances for L2 students’ writing development.
Integrating Mixed-Reality Simulations in TESOL Teacher Preparation Programs: Principles, Strengths, and Weaknesses
Authors: Kamhi-Stein Lía
Published: October 2024

Although the Master of Arts in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (MA TESOL) practicum course is meant to initiate preservice teachers (PSTs) into the TESOL profession, it is not uncommon for PSTs to feel a high level of stress as they prepare to teach their first solo lesson. This article proposes the implementation of mixed-reality simulations, in which PSTs teach student avatars- computer-generated 3D representations of real-life students displayed on a computer or large screen—as a precursor of the first solo lesson. In contrast to other fields, in which mixed-reality simulations have been used for some time, their use in MA TESOL teacher preparation is more recent (Kamhi-Stein et al., 2020). This article describes Mursion, a mixed-reality simulation platform, identifies the principles supporting the integration of mixed-reality simulations in MA TESOL teacher preparation, and discusses the benefits and challenges arising from their implementation.
Using Corpus Linguistics and Language Analysis Tools for ESLVocabulary Instruction: Two Case Studies
Authors: Rodriguez Emmanuel , Csomay Eniko
Published: October 2024

Choosing relevant vocabulary to teach in ESL composition courses can be a difficult task for instructors. They often rely on intuition rather than empirical methods for vocabulary selection. This paper presents two case studies where corpora were used either to select vocabulary items for instruction or to scaffold student learning of vocabulary through exposure to corpora. Corpora and language analysis tools were used to complement vocabulary selection and instruction. This vocabulary selection process complements perceptual approaches as it provides empirical measures for the selection and a data driven approach to learning as instructors teach and students learn contextually relevant words.
Foreign Affairs Panelists’ Construction of a Scholarly Identity
Authors: Leopold Lisa
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to shed light on the ways in which experts in foreign affairs project their scholarly identities on panel presentations. While previous research has focused on the ways in which researchers in various disciplines assert their scholarly identities in written discourse and in conference presentations, no study has focused on how experts in foreign affairs build credibility when speaking on panel presentations. From a qualitative analysis of 30 panel presentations held at the Brookings Institution, the findings reveal the extensive array of rhetorical strategies panelists in foreign affairs use which appear to build credibility. The study also draws attention to the syntactic, lexical, and register choices the panelists make. Based on these findings, the study offers pedagogical recommendations to help learners make the identity shift from a student to a scholar and become competent members of their discourse communities.
Linking a Community-based ESL Program with the MA in TESOL Practicum Course: The Tale of a Program
Authors: Kamhi-Stein Lía D. , Jacob Sharin Rawhiya , Herrera Ana , Seaborne Robert
Published: October 2024

Immigrant adults in the United States often have limited opportunities to learn English. To address this issue and to strengthen the preparation of future English language teachers, a practicum course offered in a Master of Arts in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (MA TESOL) program in California was modified to engage student teachers in the design and implementation of a community-based ESL program. This article describes how a teacher educator and three student teachers collaborated to design and implement the program; identifies the program's teaching philosophy, centered around the communicative approach; and discusses the program's learning outcomes, ranging from introducing oneself to participating in the Individualized Educational Plan meeting. As explained in the article, breaking down the walls that existed between the MA TESOL program and the community of students about whom the program theorized not only helped the ESL students the community-based program served, but it also strengthened the MA TESOL program as a whole.
Teacher Leadership in Systemic Reform: Opportunities for Graduate Education Programs
Authors: Spies Tracy , Pollard-Durodola Sharolyn , Bengochea Alain , Falomir Gloria Carcoba , Xu Yunying
Published: October 2024

Nevada has recently taken considerable steps to reform English learner (EL) education across the state with teacher development as a primary focus. Educational reform agendas necessitate that teachers not only rethink their practices but teach in novel ways. It has been argued that teacher development through graduate education and other professional development (PD) avenues are ineffective in shifting instructional practices, highlighting a theory-to-practice gap. Further, it has been postulated that without teachers’ participation and leadership in reform, such efforts will fail. This article details a graduate PD model designed specifically to prepare teachers as teacher leaders and address the theory-to-practice gap. Our university enhanced our graduate educator preparation program in English Language Learning (ELL) to build statewide collaborative cohorts of urban and rural teacher leaders prepared to implement and facilitate educational improvements for ELs within their varied educational contexts.
LGBTQ+ Voices From the Classroom: Insights for ESOL Teachers
Authors: Kaiser Evan
Published: October 2024

Research has indicated that heteronormativity in ESOL classrooms may prevent lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ+) students from producing meaningful language output and negotiating their identities in new social contexts (e.g., Liddicoat, 2009). This study aimed to understand (a) how LGBTQ+ students perceive the framing of sexual diversity in classrooms and (b) the subsequent effects on their language and identity development. Qualitative interviews with 4 LGBTQ+ former ESOL learners in the San Francisco Bay Area were conducted and thematically coded. Results indicated that the strong desire for professional advancement dovetailed with the desire to affirm an LGBTQ+ identity, yet the ESOL classroom provided few opportunities to construct an LGBTQ+ identity. However, expertly facilitated LGBTQ+ content provided numerous benefits to learners. Teachers should reframe classroom discussions to be maximally inclusive and should choose an approach to discussing LGBTQ+ content that allows students to empower themselves.
"Two Heads Are Better Than One”: A Curricular Innovation Through Peer Feedback in a Low-Proficiency ESL Writing Class
Authors: Sivaslian Lindsey
Published: October 2024

Peer feedback benefits in composition have been researched in various EFL and ESL contexts. Typically carried out in intermediate to advanced proficiency–level contexts, little has been done with low-level students, potentially because of greater perceived challenges with syntactic, grammatical, and linguistic knowledge. This curriculum-inquiry project investigates the effects of using a collaborative approach rather than an evaluative approach for peer feedback in low-proficiency–level writing tasks. Working alongside an existing reading and writing curriculum, the peer feedback innovation seeks to support the overall course goals while providing explicit, scaffolded support to navigate the necessary pragmalinguistic knowledge, collaborative attitudes, and peer feedback tasks. In addition to the student-reported benefits of feedback and linguistic evidence of their ability/inability to incorporate collaborative attitudes, the inquiry ends with practical suggestions for writing instructors of low-proficiency students.
Teaching ESL Beginners Metacognitive Writing Strategies Through Multimedia Software
Authors: Wei Jing , Chen Julian ChengChiang , Adawu Anthony
Published: October 2024

This case study explores how strategy-based instruction (SBI), assisted by multimedia software, can be incorporated to teach beginning-level ESL learners metacognitive writing strategies. Two beginning-level adult learners participated in a 10-session SBI on planning and organizing strategies. The Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA) was implemented with the aid of graphic organizer software. Our findings show that technology-supported SBI has brought multiple benefits for the learners. Comparisons of writings before and after SBI indicate that there is noticeable improvement in learners’ ability to generate ideas and in logical organization of their essays. Researchers’ observation notes and learners’ reflections suggest that learners’ engagement and motivation are boosted during their prewriting activities using the graphic organizer software. A close examination of the semantic maps generated from the writing software also reveals how learners practice metacognitive planning and organizing strategies for their writing. Finally, recommendations are made for future instructors and researchers investigating this topic.
Online Forum Discussions and the Development of Opinions in College-Level ESL Writing
Authors: Bauler Clara Vaz
Published: October 2024

To succeed academically, students must learn how to develop critical response to texts (both written texts and visual texts). Asynchronous forums provide an ideal setting for developing these response practices. This article illustrates how the author created scaffolded online forum discussions to support students in their academic literacy development. These discussions took place in a high-intermediate community college ESL class that included early- and late-arriving immigrant students, US-educated multilingual writers who have graduated from US high schools, and international students. The article concludes with a list of issues that teachers should consider when attempting to use online forum discussions in their specific contexts.
Bridging the Gap: TESOL Training in a Linguistics Department
Authors: Holland Cory
Published: October 2024

The relationship between structural linguists and applied linguists is notoriously uncomfortable; each tends to view the others’ focus and methods with suspicion. Despite this uneasy relationship many TESOL-focused master’s programs are housed in Linguistics Departments. This article reflects on my experience in 1 such department and makes suggestions for how the 2 halves of the department could be integrated to the advantage of each group. Formal linguistic theory has the potential to very usefully inform classroom practice, while the language classroom is an ideal location to investigate the mechanisms of second language acquisition and add to the body of knowledge on how language acquisition functions. Specific ways in which formal linguistic theory can be applied in the ESL classroom are discussed.
Bilingual Hispanic and Southeast Asian Students’ Challenges in a Freshman History Course
Authors: Lipp Ellen , Jones Brad A.
Published: October 2024

In this pilot study, participating Hispanic and Southeast Asian freshmen took a writing-intensive history survey course with a weekly analytic journal task. The study examined the helpfulness of the weekly journal and the scaffolding steps provided by the professor and teaching assistants, by peers in their learning community, and by out-of-class tutors. Students completed a survey about their perceptions related to the analytic journal task, their self-assessment of their reading comprehension, their views about the helpfulness of the social learning opportunities offered from peers in the course and from tutors, and the time they spent on the journal task. The survey was administered early and late in the semester. The findings show that when students wrote every week in response to primary sources, they got regular practice in reading, critical thinking, and writing. This study suggests that regular reading practice along with scaffolding by a university history professor, while helpful in certain ways, does not seem to be sufficient to help the participating students overcome challenges with reading comprehension and vocabulary of assigned history texts. This pilot study offers practical ideas for instructors of college or university ESL, for those assigning reading and writing journals, and for tutoring center tutors and coordinators.
Learning Style Preferences of Secondary English Learners: Armenian, Hmong, Korean, Mexican, and Vietnamese
Authors: Park Clara
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the learning style preferences of Armenian, Hmong, Korean, Mexican, and Vietnamese English learners (ELs) in secondary schools. Measures used include a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and post hoc multiple comparisons of means tests (Scheffé tests) for statistical analyses. A sample of 857 cases collected from 20 high schools in California found significant ethnic group differences as well as achievement level differences in basic learning style preferences. ELs in this study favored a variety of instructional strategies. They exhibited either major or minor preferences for all four basic perceptual learning styles but significant ethnic group differences in preferences for group and individual learning. All students exhibited either major or minor preferences for kinesthetic or tactile learning. Hmong, Mexican, and Vietnamese ELs preferred group learning while Armenian and Korean ELs did not. However, all five ethnic groups (Armenian, Hmong, Korean, Mexican, and Vietnamese) showed either major or minor preferences for visual learning. In addition, middle and high achievers were more visual than low achievers; high and middle achievers preferred individual learning but low achievers did not; and newcomers exhibited much greater preference for individual learning than those who had been longer in the U.S.
Ethics Meets Culture: Gray Areas in the Postsecondary ESL Classroom
Authors: Vandrick Stephanie , Hafernik Johnnie Johnson , Messerschmitt Dorothy S.
Published: October 2024

This paper advocates closer and more systematic attention to ethical issues which, because of the various cultural and religious backgrounds of ESL students, are particular to the field of ESL. Two broad sets of issues are discussed. The first set, responsibilities of faculty members, can be further subdivided into faculty-student interactions, and includes such topics as confidentiality, advice giving, political discussion, and tutoring. The second set, ethical systems in conflict, focuses on three areas: gift giving, plagiarism and cheating, and interaction with government and other outside institutions. Cautions are given regarding respecting cultural differences, understanding complicating factors such as gender and class, and acknowledging ambiguities in all ethical systems.
ESL Students at Risk: Identification and Intervention
Authors: Lane Janet , Lange Ellen , Lowry Mary
Published: October 2024

The lowest level ESL students in a college or university writing program usually represent a small, seldom-studied population. However, administrators and instructors concerned with retention and counseling need data on this group of high-risk students to improve their chances of succeeding academically. A significant percentage experience academic difficulty in English composition and other classes. A study of entrance exam essays and test scores of 70 low-level ESL university students was done to determine if students’ later success or failure in ESL and mainstream composition courses could be predicted. Twelve of 20 variables analyzed proved statistically significant in predicting success or failure. Language factors, sentence clarity, and identifiability of errors were significant. Factors related to essay organization and development and scores from campusdeveloped reading, grammar, and cloze tests also proved significant. The information from this study gives instructors and program administrators concrete, measurable warning signals for identifying potentially high-risk ESL writers.
Syllabus Design in Content-Based Instruction
Authors: Eskey David E.
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the relationship between content-based second language instruction and so-called communicative language teaching and traces the development of syllabus design for second language courses from its emergence as an issue in the mid ’70s to the present day. The paper argues that content, when combined with a concern for communicative function and grammatical structure, provides the missing third dimension in syllabus design for second language courses and generates course designs superior to those based on structure alone or on some combination of structure and function. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the problems in, and the prospects for, developing this kind of syllabus for such courses.
Individual Variation in Students’ Engagement In Classroom Personal Journal Writing
Authors: Lucas Tamara
Published: October 2024

Teachers of students from sociocultural backgrounds different from their own must, on the one hand, recognize sociocultural influences on their students and, on the other, remember that students are also individuals. This article examines the role of individual differences in the journal writing of adult ESL students. The study was conducted in an extended education ESL writing class team-taught for two 10-week semesters at a large urban university. The primary writing activity of the class was personal journal writing requiring description and examination of the writers’ past experiences. Case studies were conducted of nine students from six countries. Data for the study consisted of student questionnaires, fieldnotes, and audiotapes of classroom observations, teacher and student interviews, and teacher and student journal writing. After describing the conventions of the genre and the backgrounds of the nine subjects and summarizing students’ responses to the journal writing, the article focuses on influences on those responses. The findings illuminate the roles of past writing experiences, personality, and cultural background in influencing students’ responses to classroom writing.
Ethnographic Writing: A Model for Second Language Composition Instruction
Authors: Devenney Raymond
Published: October 2024

In a variety of fashions, ESL student writers can learn to work along the lines of a practical-theoretical continuum in the ethnographic model of writing. They can (a) draw on what they know or what is accessible to them; (b) expand upon their knowledge by reading, observation, and discussion;(c) describe a set of concrete facts in the practical text component of their work that captures or shows the salient issues they want to write about; and (d) extend their discourse into new areas of analysis in the theoretical text component through reflection and by interpretation of the meaning of the actions, events, stories, or cases presented in the practical text. The end result for students is greater knowledge, of not only language, but themselves and the world.
English as a Bridge Between Cultures: Scotland, Carolina, and California.
Authors: Nichols Patricia C.
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the function of holy texts in unifying diverse societies. Scotland and South Carolina, usually considered to be monolingual and homogeneous societies, are compared with contemporary multicultural California. How Scotland and South Carolina used specific written texts to unify peoples speaking many languages is discussed, with implications for California. The established church and school in Scotland, the competing churches and schools in Carolina, and the public school system in California are examined as agents in social and language change. The texts that might serve as unifying ones for a society like that of contemporary California are discussed, as well as the central role of educators in choosing texts that express shared social and spiritual values.
Vergi Mahkemelerinde Kanuni Hâkim Güvencesinin Uygulanmasına Dair Bir İnceleme
Authors: AYDIN Alper
Published: October 2024

Kanuni hâkim güvencesi, hukuk devleti olmanın zorunlu bir sonucu olup ülkemizde anayasal teminat altına alınmış bir güvencedir. Yargılamanın güvenirliliği açısından çok önemli bir teminattır. Bu güvence sayesinde, kişiye ve olaya özgü mahkeme kurulması ve yargılama yapılması önlenir. Söz konusu güvence tarihsel süreçte ortaya çıkmış olup ülkemizde de 1876 yılından beridir uygulanmakta olan anayasal bir teminattır. Kanuni hâkim güvencesi Anayasa Mahkemesi tarafından doğal hâkim ilkesi olarak uygulanmaktadır. Doğal hâkim ilkesi, söz konusu güvenceye göre daha kapsamlı bir koruma sağlar. Doğal hâkim ilkesi de zaten hukuk devleti olmanın bir gereğidir. Anayasa Mahkemesinin yorumu isabetli olup çalışmamızda, anlam bütünlüğü için sadece kanuni hâkim güvencesi kavramı kullanılmıştır. Vergi mahkemeleri de kanuni hâkim güvencesine uygun olarak kanunla kurulmuş ve yargılama usulleri yine kanunla düzenlenmiştir. Fakat uygulamadan ve mevzuattan kaynaklanan bazı durumlar sebebiyle vergi mahkemesinde uygulanan kanuni hâkim güvencesine dair sorunlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu sorunlar ise, tek hâkimle çözülecek dosyalara dair ve istinaf kanun yoluna dair parasal sınırın değişmesi, bağlantılı davalar, 2577 sayılı Kanun’un 5. maddesi uygulaması, görevli ve yetkili mahkemenin değişmesi, dilekçe ret üzerine yenilenen davalar, dosya havalesinin ve/veya heyetinin değişmesidir. Çalışmada, öncelikle, kanuni hâkim güvencesi ele alınmış ve doğal hâkim ilkesinden farkı mevzu bahis edilerek ülkemizdeki tarihsel değişim ve gelişim süreci incelenmiştir. Daha sonra ise, vergi mahkemesinde uygulanan kanuni hâkim güvencesi incelenmiş ve bu güvence kapsamında yaşanan sorunlar ele alınarak çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Son olarak ise, çalışmada varılan sonuçlar verilip çözüm önerileri özetlenmiştir.
External Protection of Personality
Authors: Sarıhan Banu Bilge , Yıldıran Mustafa
Published: October 2024

The right to personality is an absolute and exclusive right, which is firmly attached to the person, cannot be transferred or waived to others; it is considered as part of the right to defense and does not time-barred but the receivable arising from the attack on the right of personality may be subject to a statute of limitations. Articles 23-25 of the Turkish Civil Code regulate the legal rules that protect personality. The protection of personality refers to the protection of the physical and moral integrity of a person both internally and externally. Internal protection can be described as protecting oneself, while external protection refers to protection against illegal attacks by third parties. For the external protection of personality, a judge can be asked to prevent an attack, stop an attack, and/or determine the effects of an attack. Compensation lawsuits can also be filed for the material and non-material compensation of a person who has been subject to an illegal attack.
Persepsi Siswa terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Berdiferensiasi pada Kurikulum Merdeka di SMAN 11 Pekanbaru
Authors: Shafina Vira , Mukhlis Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pandangan siswa terhadap metode pengajaran khusus dan juga pengaruh positif guru dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia yang disesuaikan dengan Kurikulum Merdeka di SMAN 11 Pekanbaru, Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei sebagai pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen yang dipakai adalah kuesioner yang disebar kepada siswa. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 59 siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 11 di Pekanbaru, Provinsi Riau. Data yang terkumpul melalui angket dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa 76% siswa sepakat bahwa guru telah menerapkan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia berdiferensiasi dikelas. Strategi khusus dalam pembelajaran berbeda-beda lebih sering menggunakan perbedaan dalam proses pembelajaran, dan temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa sejalan dengan pandangan bahwa pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia yang berbeda-beda memberikan manfaat positif pada kemampuan kognitif siswa.
Analisis Tantangan dan Kelebihan Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi pada Kurikulum Merdeka di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Asfiana Asfiana , Fitriyani Fitriyani , Rokhimawan Mohamad Agung
Published: October 2024

Pembelajaran berbasis TIK di sekolah dasar mengacu pada integrasi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam proses pembelajaran. Pemerintah telah mengadopsi inisiatif untuk menghadirkan TIK dalam kurikulum pendidikan dasar. Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif ini, menggunakan lembaran hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari guru, siswa, dan pihak terkait di sekolah dasar negeri Maguwoharjo 1, Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta. Penggunaan TIK memungkinkan akses yang lebih luas bagi pembelajaran jarak jauh, meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa, memudahkan pemahaman materi, dan memfasilitasi pembelajaran mandiri. Selain itu, guru juga merasakan kemudahan dalam menyampaikan materi pelajaran dan meminimalisir kekurangan mereka dalam mengkoordinasikan kelas. Namun, implementasi pembelajaran berbasis TIK di sekolah juga menghadapi sejumlah tantangan. Siswa harus mengatasi tantangan teknis, motivasi, dan distraksi digital. Guru perlu mengatasi tantangan persiapan teknis, aksesibilitas perangkat dan internet, serta perubahan dalam metode pengajaran. Sekolah harus menghadapi tantangan investasi dalam infrastruktur TIK, pelatihan staf dan guru, serta masalah listrik yang tidak stabil. Dalam menghadapi tantangan ini, dukungan dari sekolah, guru, dan pihak berkepentingan lainnya sangat penting untuk memastikan keberhasilan implementasi pembelajaran berbasis TIK.
Tuturan Wali Kelas dalam Berinteraksi dengan Siswa di SMAS Angkasa Maros Kajian: Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional
Authors: Mahari Aas , Daeng Kembong , Dalle Ambo , Amir Johar , Usman Usman , Sahabuddin Romansyah
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tuturan wali kelas dalam berinteraksidengan siswa di SMAS Angkasa Maros. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yangdianalisis secara deskriptif. Data dalam penelitian ini, yaitu tuturan lisan yang telah ditranskip berupa,kata, frasa, kalimat, atau klausa yang mengandung makna interpersonal tuturan wali kelas dengansiswa kelas XII di SMAS Angkasa Maros. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah wali kelas dan siswakelas XII IPS 2 dan XII MIPA 4 di SMAS Angkasa Maros. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitianini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik rekam dan teknik simak-catat. Hasil penelitian inimenunjukkan jenis MOOD yang lebih dominan digunakan pada konteks WKP menyikapi siswa yangsuka menyendiri di kelas dan konteks WKP menyikapi siswa yang gawainya disita, yakni indikatifdeklaratif dan indikatif interogatif. Sementara, konteks WKL menyikapi siswa yang gawainya disitasaat ujian dan konteks WKL menyikapi siswa yang rambutnya di cukur menggunakan jenis MOODimperatif. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan temuan baru, dengan teori Sistem Linguistik Fungsional(SLF) disandingkan dengan teori komunikasi Dr. Stephen R, ditemukan bahwa keterbukaan siswakepada wali kelas terhadap permasalahan yang dialami dilakukan dengan dua teknik komunikasi,yakni teknik cek persepsi dan teknik pertanyaan klarifikasi. Teknik inilah yang dilakukan oleh keduawali kelas, baik WKP dan WKL yang terlihat pada fungsi tutur question dan statement. Respons yangdiberikan siswa lebih dominan menggunakan respons positif dengan fungsi tutur answer sertaacknowledgment. Sementara, realisasi fungsi tutur dalam bentuk pilihan MOOD non tipikal lebihbanyak pada tuturan WKP, untuk WKL menunjukkan karakteristik kalimat tipikal.
Development of E-Worksheet Characterized by PBL Model Integrated with 21st Century Skills to Improve Students' Science Process Skills
Authors: Nuraisa Nuraisa , Muslimin Muslimin , Saehana Sahrul , Darsikin Darsikin , Wahyono Unggul
Published: October 2024

This study aims to produce e-worksheet with characteristics of PBL model integrated with 21st century skills that are effective to improve students' science process skills and critical thinking skills. This type of research is development research (Research and Development), with the ADDIE development model. The population and sample of the study were all students of class VIII A at SMPN 4 Tanantovea. The research data collection technique was carried out using the LKS feasibility test through filling out a questionnaire by students, multiple choice tests to measure science process skills and essay tests to measure critical thinking skills given twice each, namely before learning (pretest) and after learning (posttest). The research data were analyzed descriptively using statistical applications. The results showed that the feasibility test of the LKS was categorized as very feasible with a score of 93%. The effectiveness of e-worksheet learning to improve students' science process skills is categorized as very large with d cohen's effect size of 2.61 and critical thinking skills are also in the very large category with d cohen's effect size of 5.84. Based on the results of this study e-worksheet with the characteristics of the PBL model integrated with 21st century skills is feasible and useful for creating a generation of students who are more skilled, independent, and ready to contribute in an increasingly connected and complex global society. Students will bring the skills needed to innovate, solve problems, and collaborate effectively, making them future leaders capable of facing challenges that have not been seen before.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Open-Ended untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMP
Authors: Hulu Wikari , Telaumbanua Yakin Niat , Zega Yulisman , Mendrofa Ratna Natalia
Published: October 2024

Salah satu alternatif pembelajaran yang tepat bagi siswa untuk menambah informasi tentang konsep yang dipelajarinya melalui kegiatan belajar secara sistematis adalah penggunaan LKPD. Terdapat banyak kemapuan matematis yang harus dimiliki oleh siswa, salah satunya adalah kemampuan berpikir kritis. Kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa harus ditingkatkan. Dalam penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D). Metode R & D merupakan metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk untuk menciptakan suatu produk dan menguji seberapa efektif produk tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, produk yang dihasilkan berupa pengembangan LKPD berbasis open-ended pada materi Kekongruenan dan Kesebangunan Bangun Datar di kelas VIII. Berdasarkan dengan hasil dari setiap uji validasi diketahui bahwa peningkatan terhadap revisi pertama dan revisi kedua oleh validator ahli materi (Validator 1) diperoleh persentase sebesar 18,59% dan untuk persentase peningkatan penilaian oleh Validator 1 diperoleh persentase sebesar 12,1%; hasil dari setiap uji validasi bahwa peningkatan terhadap revisi pertama dan revisi kedua oleh validator ahli bahasa diperoleh persentase sebesar 27,38%; dan hasil dari setiap uji validasi bahwa peningkatan terhadap revisi pertama dan revisi kedua oleh validator ahli desain diperoleh persentase sebesar 33,47%. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil dari Uji Kepraktisan diperoleh kesimpulan 89,87% LKPD berbasis open-ended praktis digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Data Tes Hasil belajar diperoleh hasil persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa dengan hasil sebesar 87%. Hal ini berarti bahwa pengembangan LKPD pembelajaran matematika berbasis open-ended pada materi Kekongruenan dan Kesebangunan Bangun Datar dengan tingkat efektifitas sangat tinggi.
Analisis Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa dalam Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka di UPTD SMP Negeri 4 Gunungsitoli Utara
Authors: Lase Jupi Yarman , Lase Sadiana , Zega Yulisman , Telaumbanua Yakin Niat
Published: October 2024

Kurikulum Merdeka merupakan salah satu langkah terbaru dalam reformasi pendidikan di Indonesia yang dirancang untuk memberikan otonomi lebih kepada sekolah dan guru dalam menyusun proses pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa Kurikulum Merdeka merupakan proses dari pemerintah yang secara khusus dirancang untuk menciptakan lingkungan yang memungkinkan peserta didik untuk aktif terlibat dalam kegiatan belajar secara spesifik dalam pembelajaran matematika. Proses ini juga melibatkan partisipasi aktif siswa dalam belajar serta mencerminkan hasil dari pembelajaran tersebut. Hasil belajar siswa merujuk pada kemampuan yang diperoleh melalui aktivitas pembelajaran dan merupakan indikator kuantitatif dari evaluasi setelah proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di UPTD SMP Negeri 4 Gunungsitoli Utara khususnya di Kelas VIII. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis serta mendeksripsikan hasil belajar siswa terhadap penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka. Dari analisis hasil tes yang diberikan kepada siswa untuk mengukur pemahaman mereka mengenai materi perpangkatan, diketahui diperoleh nilai rata-rata 65,74 dengan pesentase ketuntasan sebesar 70,37% dan persentase ketidaktuntasan sebesar 29,63%. Hasil belajar siswa dalam Kurikulum Merdeka juga menunjukkan variasi yang signifikan, tergantung pada kesiapan sekolah dan guru dalam mengimplementasikan kurikulum ini.
Pengembangan Penilaian Merdeka Belajar Satuan Pendidikan SMA/MA
Authors: Pulungan Elly Damayanti , Sulastri Sulastri , Nasution Neysa Vania , Nurmawati Nurmawati , Ananda Rusydi
Published: October 2024

Pengembangan penilaian merdeka belajar pada satuan pendidikan SMA/MA menjadi upaya untuk mengembangkan sistem penilaian yang lebih respontif terhadap kebutuhan peserta didik serta dapat memberikan gambaran secara utuh tentang kemampuan yang mereka miliki. Sehingga melalui penilaian yang ada dapat memberikan motivasi yang besar kepada mereka untuk belajar dan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Melihat urgensi pentingnya mengkaji serta memahami konsep penilaian merdeka belajar pada satuan pendidikan SMA/MA di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerangkan bagaimana sebenarnya pengembangan penilaian merdeka belajar pada satuan pendidikan tingkat SMA/MA dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian library research. Maka diperoleh hasil penelitian bahwasanaya dalam pelaksanaannya penilaian merdeka belajar pada satuan pendidikan SMA/MA tidak terdapat perbedaan yang sangat siknifikan dengan tingkat satuan pendidikan lainnya dan begitu juga dengan kurikulum sebelumnya, namun dalam kebijakan pengembangan penilaian merdeka belajar memberikan ruang  yang lebih luas kepada siswa untuk menentukan bagaimana pembelajaran berlangsung, kemudian pemberian motivasi dan inovasi, serta memberikan kebebasan kepada peserta didik untuk memilih jalur belajar mereka sesuai dengan bakat, minat dan kemampuannya.