bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The first ITS1 profiling of honey samples from the Southeast Asian region Lombok, Bali and Banggi Island
Authors: Ullah Saeed , Huyop Fahrul , Wahab Roswanira Ab. , Huda Nurul , Oyewusi Habeebat Adekilekun , Sujana I. Gede Arya , Saloko Satrijo , Andriani Anak Agung Sagung Putri Risa , Mohamad Mohd Azrul Naim , Abdul Hamid Azzmer Azzar , Mohd Nasir Mohd Hamzah , Antara Nyoman Semadi , Gunam Ida Bagus Wayan
Published: June 2024

Southern Asian flowers offer honeybees a diversity of nectar. Based on its geographical origin, honey quality varies. Traditional methods are less authentic than DNA-based identification. The origin of honey is determined by pollen, polyphenolic, and macro-microorganisms. In this study, amplicon sequencing targets macro-microorganisms in eDNA using the ITS1 region to explore honey’s geographical location and authentication. The variety of honey samples was investigated using ITS1 with Illumina sequencing. For all four honey samples, raw sequence reads showed 979,380 raw ITS1 amplicon reads and 375 ASVs up to the phylum level. The highest total number of 202 ASVs up to phylum level identified Bali honey with 211,189 reads, followed by Banggi honey with 309,207 a total number of 111 ASVs, and Lombok represents only 63 ASVs up to phylum level with several read 458,984. Based on Shannon and Chao1, honey samples from Bali (B2) and (B3) exhibited higher diversity than honey from Lombok (B1) and green honey from Sabah (B4), while the Simpson index showed that Banggi honey (B4) had higher diversity. Honey samples had significant variance in mycobiome taxonomic composition and abundance. Zygosaccharomyces and Aspergillus were the main genera found in Lombok honey, with percentages of 68.81% and 29.76% respectively. Bali honey samples (B2 and B3) were identified as having a significant amount of the genus Aureobasidium, accounting for 40.81% and 25% of the readings, respectively. The microbiome composition of Banggi honey (B4) showed a high presence of Zygosaccharomyces 45.17% and Aureobasidium 35.24%. The ITS1 analysis effectively distinguishes between honey samples of different origins and its potential as a discriminatory tool for honey origin and authentication purposes.
Anti-adhesive, anti-biofilm and fungicidal action of newly synthesized gemini quaternary ammonium salts
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Edyta , Lamch Łukasz , Wilk Kazimiera A. , Obłąk Ewa
Published: June 2024

Newly synthesized gemini quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) with different counterions (bromide, hydrogen chloride, methylcarbonate, acetate, lactate), chain lengths (C12, C14, C16) and methylene linker (3xCH2) were tested. Dihydrochlorides and dibromides with 12 carbon atoms in hydrophobic chains were characterized by the highest biological activity against planktonic forms of yeast and yeast-like fungi. The tested gemini surfactants also inhibited the production of filaments by C. albicans. Moreover, they reduced the adhesion of C. albicans cells to the surfaces of stainless steel, silicone and glass, and slightly to polystyrene. In particular, the gemini compounds with 16-carbon alkyl chains were most effective against biofilms. It was also found that the tested surfactants were not cytotoxic to yeast cells. Moreover, dimethylcarbonate (2xC12MeCO3G3) did not cause hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes. Dihydrochlorides, dilactate and diacetate showed no mutagenic potential.
Adaptive urban traffic signal control based on enhanced deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Cai Changjian , Wei Min
Published: June 2024

One of the focal points in the field of intelligent transportation is the intelligent control of traffic signals (TS), aimed at enhancing the efficiency of urban road networks through specific algorithms. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms have become mainstream, yet they suffer from inefficient training sample selection, leading to slow convergence. Additionally, enhancing model robustness is crucial for adapting to diverse traffic conditions. Hence, this paper proposes an enhanced method for traffic signal control (TSC) based on DRL. This approach utilizes dueling network and double q-learning to alleviate the overestimation issue of DRL. Additionally, it introduces a priority sampling mechanism to enhance the utilization efficiency of samples in memory. Moreover, noise parameters are integrated into the neural network model during training to bolster its robustness. By representing high-dimensional real-time traffic information as matrices, and employing a phase-cycled action space to guide the decision-making of intelligent agents. Additionally, utilizing a reward function that closely mirrors real-world scenarios to guide model training. Experimental results demonstrate faster convergence and optimal performance in metrics such as queue length and waiting time. Testing experiments further validate the method's robustness across different traffic flow scenarios.
A lightweight fire detection algorithm for small targets based on YOLOv5s
Authors: Lv Changzhi , Zhou Haiyong , Chen Yu , Fan Di , Di Fangyi
Published: June 2024

In response to the current challenges fire detection algorithms encounter, including low detection accuracy and limited recognition rates for small fire targets in complex environments, we present a lightweight fire detection algorithm based on an improved YOLOv5s. The introduction of the CoT (Contextual Transformer) structure into the backbone neural network, along with the creation of the novel CSP1_CoT (Cross stage partial 1_contextual transformer) module, has effectively reduced the model’s parameter count while simultaneously enhancing the feature extraction and fusion capabilities of the backbone network; The network’s Neck architecture has been extended by introducing a dedicated detection layer tailored for small targets and incorporating the SE (Squeeze-and-Excitation) attention mechanism. This augmentation, while minimizing parameter proliferation, has significantly bolstered the interaction of multi-feature information, resulting in an enhanced small target detection capability; The substitution of the original loss function with the Focal-EIoU (Focal-Efficient IoU) loss function has yielded a further improvement in the model’s convergence speed and precision; The experimental results indicate that the modified model achieves an mAP@.5 of 96% and an accuracy of 94.8%, marking improvements of 8.8% and 8.9%, respectively, over the original model. Furthermore, the model’s parameter count has been reduced by 1.1%, resulting in a compact model size of only 14.6MB. Additionally, the detection speed has reached 85 FPS (Frames Per Second), thus satisfying real-time detection requirements. This enhancement in precision and accuracy, while simultaneously meeting real-time and lightweight constraints, effectively caters to the demands of fire detection.
Distribution of inorganic compositions of Japanese tap water: a nationwide survey in 2019–2024
Authors: Hori Mayumi , Shozugawa Katsumi , Takizawa Tsutomu , Watanabe Yuichiro
Published: June 2024

A nationwide survey of inorganic components of tap water all over Japan was conducted from 2019 to 2024. In this survey, 1564 tap water samples were collected, and an additional 194 tap water samples were collected from 33 other countries. The water samples were analyzed for 27 dissolved inorganic components, with a primary focus on the distribution of major and trace components, including Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, total-hardness, Al, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn. The Japanese tap water hardness was 50.5 ± 30.2 (± 1σ SD) mg/L, classified as soft water according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The average content of each major component in Japanese tap water tended to be lower than those in other countries. Furthermore, Piper trilinear diagrams were used to categorize Japanese tap water types. The dominating water types were the Ca–HCO3 and mixed types, which had a nationwide distribution. Japanese tap water generally complied with Japanese and WHO drinking water criteria, with only 1% (17/1564 sites) of the samples exceeding water quality standards. Observations of water quality changes for 2 years at three household faucets revealed that fluctuations in major components and trace metals (Al, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) varied in different patterns. This suggests that the behavior of trace metal elements is influenced by local infrastructure, such as supply pipes, distinct from the variability in source water quality.
Hyperacusis questionnaire and event-related potential correlation in migraine patients
Authors: Qi Liu , Jilei Zhang , Lisheng Yu , Yuanyuan Jing
Published: June 2024

This study aims to investigate auditory hypersensitivity and cortical function in migraine patients using the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Event-Related Potential (ERP) technique. The study analyzes alterations in the latency and amplitude of the event-related potentials MMN and P300 components. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the physiological relationship between migraine and auditory hypersensitivity. Seventeen migraine patients were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Peking University People’s Hospital from June 2023 to September 2023. Nineteen matched healthy subjects were also selected. All participants underwent the pure tone audiometry and the auditory brainstem response test to determine hearing thresholds, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, and an ERP examination. The Oddball classical paradigm was used as the stimulation task, and electroencephalography signals were recorded synchronously. The scores of the Hyperacusis Questionnaire, latency and amplitude of MMN and P300 component were compared between the migraine group and the control group, and their correlation was analyzed. The latency of MMN at the Fz and Cz sites in migraine patients was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the amplitudes were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The variances in latency and amplitude of P300 at Cz and Pz sites in migraine patients were not statistically significant when compared with the control group. (P > 0.05). The Hyperacusis Questionnaire was negatively correlated with MMN latency, with a correlation coefficient of − 0.374 (P = 0.025), and positively correlated with MMN amplitude, with a correlation coefficient of 0.378 (P = 0.023). There was no significant similarity between the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and P300 latency and amplitude (P > 0.05). Overall, auditory hypersensitivity was enhanced in individuals with migraines compared to healthy individuals, leading to faster information processing, while there may be less impairment in cognitive function.
Cloning and functional characterization of the legumin A gene (EuLEGA) from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver
Authors: Zheng Lina , Zhao De-Gang
Published: June 2024

Legumin A is a seed storage protein that provides nutrients for seed germination. The purpose of this study was to describe the structure and expression pattern of the EuLEGA gene in Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides) and to infer its functional role. The 1287 bp coding sequence of the EuLEGA CDS of the EuLEGA gene, encoding a protein containing 428 amino acid residues, was cloned. The structure predicted that the protein belonged to the RmlC (deoxythymidine diphosphates, dTDP)-4-dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase)-like cupin conserved domain family, which contains both RmlC, a key enzyme for the synthesis of rhamnose and legumin A. The overexpression (OE) vector of the EuLEGA gene was constructed and genetically transformed into tobacco and E. ulmoides; the RNA interference (RNAi) vector of the EuLEGA gene was constructed and genetically transformed into E. ulmoides; and the contents of legumin A and rhamnose were detected. The results showed that the EuLEGA gene could significantly increase the content of legumin A in transgenic tobacco leaves and transgenic E. ulmoides regenerative buds, and the OE of this gene in E. ulmoides could promote an increase in rhamnose content. RNAi caused a significant decrease in the legumin A content in the regenerated buds of E. ulmoides. These was a significant increase in legumin A in the transgenic tobacco seeds, and these results indicate that the expression of the EuLEGA gene is closely related to the accumulation of legumin A. Subcellular localization studies revealed that EuLEGA is localized to the cytoplasm with the vacuolar membrane. Analysis of the EuLEGA gene expression data revealed that the expression level of the EuLEGA gene in the samaras was significantly greater than that in the leaves and stems. In addition, the study also demonstrated that GA3 can upregulate the expression levels of the EuLEGA gene, while ABA and MeJA can downregulate its expression levels.
Subtype-specific alternative splicing events in breast cancer identified by large-scale data analysis
Authors: Deguchi Yui , Kikutake Chie , Suyama Mikita
Published: June 2024

Genome analysis in cancer has focused mainly on elucidating the function and regulatory mechanisms of genes that exhibit differential expression or mutation in cancer samples compared to normal samples. Recently, transcriptome analysis revealed that abnormal splicing events in cancer samples could contribute to cancer pathogenesis. Moreover, splicing variants in cancer reportedly generate diverse cancer antigens. Although abnormal splicing events are expected to be potential targets in cancer immunotherapy, the exploration of such targets and their biological significance in cancer have not been fully understood. In this study, to explore subtype-specific alternative splicing events, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of splicing events for each breast cancer subtype using large-scale splicing data derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas and found subtype-specific alternative splicing patterns. Analyses indicated that genes that produce subtype-specific alternative splicing events are potential novel targets for immunotherapy against breast cancer. The subtype-specific alternative splicing events identified in this study, which were not identified by mutation or differential expression analysis, bring new significance to previously overlooked splicing events.
Conversion of superior bread wheat genotype HD3209 carrying Lr19/Sr25 into CMS line for development of rust-resistant wheat hybrids
Authors: Malik Abhimanyu Singh , Sharma Nand Kishore , Chandra Ajay Kumar , Kumar Parvesh , Tyagi Sandhya , Raghunandan K. , Murukan Niranjana , Mallick Niharika , Jha Shailendra Kumar , Vinod
Published: June 2024

Hybrid development is one of the most promising strategies for boosting crop yields. Parental lines used to create hybrids must have good per se performance and disease resistance for developing superior hybrids. Indian wheat line HD3209 was developed by introducing the rust resistance genes Lr19/Sr25 into the background of popular wheat variety HD2932. The wheat line HD3209 carrying Lr19/Sr25 has been successfully and rapidly converted to the CMS line A-HD3209, with 96.01% background genome recovery, based on selection for agro-morphological traits, rust resistance, pollen sterility, and foreground and background analyses utilizing SSR markers. The converted CMS line A-HD3209 was completely sterile and nearly identical to the recurrent parent HD3209. Based on high per se performance and rust resistance, the study concludes that the derived CMS line A-HD3209 is promising and can be employed successfully in hybrid development.
Stereoselective polar radical crossover for the functionalization of strained-ring systems
Authors: Trauner Florian , Ghazali Rahma , Rettig Jan , Thiele Christina M. , Didier Dorian
Published: June 2024

Radical-polar crossover of organoborates is a poweful tool that enables the creation of two C-C bonds simultaneously. Small ring systems have become essential motifs in drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. However, step-economic methods for their selective functionalization remains scarce. Here we present a one-pot strategy that merges a simple preparation of strained organoboron species with the recently popularized polar radical crossover of borate derivatives to stereoselectively access tri-substituted azetidines, cyclobutanes and five-membered carbo- and heterocycles.
Payment for Ecosystem Services: institutional arrangements for a changing climate in the Chilean Mediterranean Region
Authors: Ocampo-Melgar Anahí , Barría Pilar , Cerda Claudia , Venegas-González Alejandro , Fernández Javiera , Díaz-Vasconcellos Raúl , Zamora Javier
Published: June 2024

Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) can promote different types of governance arrangements to address the triple challenge of biodiversity loss, climate change and air pollution. These institutional arrangements, however, do not explicitly incorporate climate change into the ecosystem’s capacity to provide services. In this study, we explore why and how to incorporate climate uncertainties using as example the Altos de Cantillana Nature Reserve, a unique biodiversity hotspot in Central Chile. First, prioritized ecosystem services (ES) were grouped in bundles and linked to measured and modeled impacts of climate change on key water-related processes. Second, institutional barriers to PES were identified from case studies and analyzed considering challenges in a changing climate. Finally, bundles with different levels of risk were matched to six recommendations that better incorporate levels of risks to the uncertainty of climate change into Payment for Ecosystem Services in Chile.
Dietary dicarbonyl compounds exacerbated immune dysfunction and hepatic oxidative stress under high-fat diets in vivo
Authors: Jiang Yuhao , Wang Shunyu , Shuai Jiangbing , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhang Shuifeng , Huang Hua , Zhang Qiaozhi , Fu Linglin
Published: June 2024

High-fat diets (HFDs) predispose to obesity and liver dysfunctions, and α-dicarbonyl compounds (α-DCs) present in highly processed foods are also implicated in relevant pathological processes.
A comprehensive exploration of hydrogel applications in multi-stage skin wound healing
Authors: Lu Yongping , Wang Yuemin , Wang Jie , Liang Ling , Li Jinrong , Yu Yue , Zeng Jia , He Mingfang , Wei Xipeng , Liu Zhining , Shi Ping , Li Jianshu
Published: June 2024

Hydrogels, as an emerging biomaterial, have found extensive use in the healing of wounds due to their distinctive physicochemical structure and functional properties.
Solvent-free synthesis and optical properties of two open-framework metal oxalates with zeolitic ABW and diamondoid topologies
Authors: Guo Shuxian , Liu Sihan , Wen Xuemei , Cheng Juan , Wang Xin , Zeng Hongmei , Zou Guohong , Lin Zhien
Published: June 2024

Two noncentrosymmetric open-framework metal oxalates with wide optical band gaps and moderate birefringences were prepared under solvent-free conditions.
Crystal size dependent photogenerated charge separation on an octahedral bismuth vanadate photocatalyst
Authors: Deng Yuting , Li Qian , Wang Pengpeng , Sun Fengke , Li Can , Li Rengui
Published: June 2024

A nearly seven-fold improvement in charge separation efficiency can be achieved by decreasing the size of octahedral BiVO4 crystals owing to the reduced bulk charge recombination.
Exploring the potential of ruthenium(ii)–phosphine–mercapto complexes as new anticancer agents
Authors: Palmeira-Mello Marcos V. , Costa Analu R. , de Oliveira Leticia P. , Blacque Olivier , Gasser Gilles , Batista Alzir A.
Published: June 2024

Ru(ii)–phosphine–mercapto complexes are cytotoxic against breast cancer cells.
High precision analysis of potassium stable isotopes using the collision/reaction cell Neoma MC-ICPMS/MS
Authors: Nie Nicole X. , Grigoryan Rosa , Tissot Francois L. H.
Published: June 2024

We report the test results of using the Neoma collision cell MC-ICPMS/MS for high precision K isotopic analysis.
In vitro vascularized liver tumor model based on a microfluidic inverse opal scaffold for immune cell recruitment investigation
Authors: Xu Pingwei , Chi Junjie , Wang Xiaochen , Zhu Meng , Chen Kai , Fan Qihui , Ye Fangfu , Shao Changmin
Published: June 2024

A well-defined inverse opal scaffold generated by droplet microfluidics is proposed for the construction of a vascularized liver tumor model, offering insights into immune cells' recruitment.
Effect of density and thickness of flexible polyurethane foam on the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Maamoun Ahmed Abdelhamid , Mahmoud Ahmed Adel , Naeim David Magdy , Arafa Mustafa , Esawi Amal M. K.
Published: June 2024

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on flexible polyurethane foam (FPU) offer an attractive approach for energy harvesting for self-powered devices.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of arylsulfonamides as ADAMTS7 inhibitors
Authors: Cuffaro Doretta , Burkhard Tina , Bernardoni Bianca Laura , Di Leo Riccardo , Zhang Xiaohan , Galati Salvatore , Tuccinardi Tiziano , Macchia Marco , Rossello Armando , Santamaria Salvatore , de Groot Rens , Nuti Elisa
Published: June 2024

Starting from the ADAMTS5/ADAMTS7 inhibitor EDV33, a structure-based optimization led to the lead compound 3a, with nanomolar activity against ADAMTS7 and good selectivity over ADAMTS5.
Recent advances in the biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using floral waste extract for water treatment, agriculture and biomedical engineering
Authors: Nguyen Duyen Thi Cam , Nguyen Ngoan Thi Thao , Nguyen Thuy Thi Thanh , Tran Thuan Van
Published: June 2024

Herein, we overviewed the recent development of ZnO nanoparticles using floral waste extract as a zero-cost, sustainable, and effective raw material.
Interfacial-engineered living drugs with “ON/OFF” switching for oral delivery
Authors: Feng Pingping , Bai Xuefei , Ma Xiaofei , Kong Han , Yang Rui
Published: June 2024

A "stealth coating" was implemented to enable an "ON/OFF" switching of probiotics' communications with the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This strategy aimed to optimize the bioactivity of living drugs as they traverse the GI tract.
Structural stability of DNA origami nanostructures in organic solvents
Authors: Enlund Eeva , Julin Sofia , Linko Veikko , Kostiainen Mauri A.
Published: June 2024

The post-folding structural stability of DNA origami was studied in water-miscible organic solvents. While DNA origami remains stable in high acetone and ethanol concentrations, it degrades more rapidly in the presence of DMF and DMSO.
Water-based polymer colloids with a branched chain architecture as low-gel pressure-sensitive adhesives
Authors: Brogden Emily M. , Bon Stefan A. F.
Published: June 2024

The performance of water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives was investigated. The latex particles had minimal gel content, typically below a few percent, and the polymer chains exhibited a branched architecture.
Direction-oriented fiber guiding with a tunable tri-layer-3D scaffold for periodontal regeneration
Authors: Abraham Sarin , Gupta Pallavi , Govarthanan Kavitha , Rao Suresh , Santra Tuhin Subhra
Published: June 2024

Surface-modified customizable direction-oriented fiber guiding with a tunable tri-layer-3D scaffold.
Intense interaction between biochar/g-C3N4 promotes the photocatalytic performance of heterojunction catalysts
Authors: Ma Rundong , Sun Yihui , Zhang Hui , Zhu Jie , Tian Han , Guo Xiong , Wang Ruifen , Cui Xiangzhi , Hou Xinmei , An Shengli
Published: June 2024

Biochar/g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst was prepared using ultrasonic composite method. The conductive biochar acts as a charge transfer channel, effectively suppressing the recombination of photo generated carriers in g-C3N4.
Acid–base responsive molecular switching of a [2]rotaxane incorporating two different stations in an axle component
Authors: Yamane Risa , Asai Yuki , Takiguchi Nanami , Okamoto Ayuna , Kawano Shintaro , Tokunaga Yuji , Shizuma Motohiro , Muraoka Masahiro
Published: June 2024

To design new types of rotaxanes for pH-driven molecular switches, we synthesized a [2]rotaxane with a non-symmetric axial molecule with two different stations. This rotaxane acts as a molecular switch upon application of external acid/base stimuli.
Asymmetric catalytic [1,3]- or [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of 3-allyloxy-4H-chromenones and their analogues
Authors: Li Yi , Ning Lichao , Tang Qi , Lan Kexin , Yang Bingqian , Lin Qianchi , Feng Xiaoming , Liu Xiaohua
Published: June 2024

A highly efficient asymmetric [1,3]- and [3,3]-O-to-C sigmatropic rearrangement of 3-allyloxy-4H-chromenones and their analogues was developed.
Kinetics of sulfur-transfer from titanocene (poly)sulfides to sulfenyl chlorides: rapid metal-assisted concerted substitution
Authors: Helou de Oliveira Pedro H. , Boaler Patrick J. , Hua Guoxiong , West Nathan M. , Hembre Robert T. , Penney Jonathan M. , Al-Afyouni Malik H. , Woollins J. Derek , García-Domínguez Andrés , Lloyd-Jones Guy C.
Published: June 2024

The mechanism has been investigated by stopped-flow UV-Vis/NMR, titrations, numerical kinetic modelling and KS-DFT calculations.
Electron irradiation enhanced wear resistance and hardness of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Authors: Yao Yuliang , Wei Yi , Fan Yong , Fu Engang
Published: June 2024

The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bulk materials was modified by irradiation at high temperatures using a 1.2 MeV electron beam.
Modulating proton conductivity through crystal structure tuning in arenedisulfonate coordination polymers
Authors: Sun Chao , Pask Christopher M. , Pham Sang T. , Rapaccioli Emilio , Britton Andrew J. , Micklethwaite Stuart , Bell Andrew , Besenhard Maximilian O. , Drummond-Brydson Rik , Wu Ke-Jun , Collins Sean M.
Published: June 2024

Solvent tuning the hydrogen-bonding network tortuosity in sulfonate coordination polymers reveals a structure–function descriptor spanning varied metals and ligands.
Crumpled fibrous graphdiyne network decorated metal–organic framework: a promising heterostructure for improved energy storage performance
Authors: Abbas Zahir , Hussain Nissar , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: June 2024

Graphdiyne (GDY) is an emerging two-dimensional (2D) carbon material having an ideal structure and unique sp- and sp2-hybridized linkages as compared to traditional carbon-based materials. GDY hybrid with MOF was explored for energy storage.
Engineering the transition metal hydroxide–photoanode interface with a highly crystalline mediator for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Li Meihua , Saqib Mujtaba , Xu Li , Li Chenglong , Quan Jingjing , Ning Xingming , Chen Pei , Weng Qiang , An Zhongwei , Chen Xinbing
Published: June 2024

A one-stone-two-birds strategy was developed to engineer the SC/TMH/electrolyte interface by introducing high crystallinity Fe(OH)X-H, and the optimized BV/Fe(OH)X-H/FeNi(OH)X exhibited a noteworthy photocurrent density of 5.34 mA cm−2.
How temperature impacts material properties and photovoltaic performance of mixed-halide perovskite via light-induced ion migration
Authors: Kung Po-Kai , Li Ming-Hsien , Lin Chen-Fu , Chen Peter
Published: June 2024

This paper analyzes the effects of thermal and light-induced ion migration for halide perovskite. In situ measurements show that ion migration forms phase segregation and formation of iodide-rich domains, with increased carrier recombination.
The Effectiveness of Individualized Morphosyntactic Target Identification and Explicit Intervention Using the SHAPE CODING System for Children With Developmental Language Disorder and the Impact of Within-Session Dosage
Authors: Ebbels Susan H. , Gadd Mollie , Nicoll Hilary , Hughes Lucy , Dawson Nicola , Burke Caroline , Calder Samuel D. , Frizelle Pauline
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

We investigated the effectiveness of a highly individualized morphosyntactic intervention using the SHAPE CODING™ system delivered at different dosages.

Method:

Eight children with developmental language disorder aged 8;0–10;10 (years;months) received 10 hr of explicit individualized intervention for morphosyntax delivered in 30-min individual sessions once per week for 20 weeks. Following at least four baseline probe tests, two grammatical targets per session received explicit instruction until they reached criterion (90%), when the next target was introduced. To control for session length and teaching episode density, either both targets received 20 teaching episodes per session or one target received 10 teaching episodes and the other 30. Maintenance testing of completed targets was also carried out.

Results:

Scores on probe tests post-intervention were significantly higher than during the baseline phase (
d
= 1.6) with no change during the baseline or maintenance phases. However, progress during the intervention phase was highly significant. One participant showed significantly faster progress with intervention, while one (with the lowest attention score) made little progress. When considering progress relative to cumulative intervention sessions, progress was faster with 30 teaching episodes per session and slower with 10. However, when cumulative teaching episodes were used as the predictor, all three within-session dosages showed very similar rates of progress, with the odds of a correct response increasing by 3.9% for each teaching episode. The targets that were achieved required an average of 40–60 teaching episodes.

Conclusions:

With the exception of one participant, the individualized intervention was highly effective and efficient. Thus, the individualized target identification process and intervention method merit further research in a larger group of children. The cumulative number of teaching episodes per target provided across sessions appeared to be key. Thus, clinicians should aim for high teaching episode rates, particularly if the number of sessions is constrained. Otherwise, intervention scheduling can be flexible.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25996168
Emotion classification with multi‐modal physiological signals using multi‐attention‐based neural network
Authors: Zou Chengsheng , Deng Zhen , He Bingwei , Yan Maosong , Wu Jie , Zhu Zhaoju
Published: June 2024

The ability to effectively classify human emotion states is critically important for human‐computer or human‐robot interactions. However, emotion classification with physiological signals is still a challenging problem due to the diversity of emotion expression and the characteristic differences in different modal signals. A novel learning‐based network architecture is presented that can exploit four‐modal physiological signals, electrocardiogram, electrodermal activity, electromyography, and blood volume pulse, and make a classification of emotion states. It features two kinds of attention modules, feature‐level, and semantic‐level, which drive the network to focus on the information‐rich features by mimicking the human attention mechanism. The feature‐level attention module encodes the rich information of each physiological signal. While the semantic‐level attention module captures the semantic dependencies among modals. The performance of the designed network is evaluated with the open‐source Wearable Stress and Affect Detection dataset. The developed emotion classification system achieves an accuracy of 83.88%. Results demonstrated that the proposed network could effectively process four‐modal physiological signals and achieve high accuracy of emotion classification.
An integrated planning framework for optimal power generation portfolio including frequency and reserve requirements
Authors: Ayo Olayinka , Falugi Paola , Strbac Goran
Published: June 2024

Electricity system decarbonisation poses several challenges to network stability and supply security, given renewables' intermittency and possible reduction of system inertia. This manuscript presents a novel integrated system framework to determine optimal generation investments for addressing decarbonisation challenges and achieving cost‐effective electricity systems while ensuring frequency stability and reserve requirements are met at the operational level in a net‐zero system. The novel planning framework is a mixed‐integer bilinear programming problem accurately modelling clustered variables for the on/off status of generation units and seconds‐timescale frequency requirements at an operational and planning level. The benefits of the decision framework and effects of dispatch decisions in a year are illustrated using the Great Britain case study. The results provide optimal trade‐offs and cost‐effective investment portfolios for including detailed modelling of unit‐commitment and frequency stability constraints versus not including them in the planning model. Making investment decisions for a net‐zero electricity system without these constraints can lead to very high system costs due to significant demand curtailment. Although the model's computation burden was increased by these constraints, complexity was managed by formulating them tightly and compactly. Non‐convex quadratic nadir constraints were efficiently solvable to global optimality by applying McCormick relaxations and branching techniques in an advanced solver.
Cantonese sentence dataset for lip‐reading
Authors: Xiao Yewei , Liu Xuanming , Teng Lianwei , Zhu Aosu , Tian Picheng , Huang Jian
Published: June 2024

Lip‐reading deciphers speech by observing lip movements without relying on audio data. The rapid advancements in deep learning have significantly improved lip‐reading for both English and Chinese; however, research on dialects such as Cantonese remains scarce. Consequently, most Chinese lip‐reading datasets focus on Mandarin, with only a few addressing Cantonese. To bridge this gap, a sentence‐level Cantonese lip‐reading dataset, designated as Cantonese lip‐reading sentences are introduced, comprising over 500 unique speakers and more than 30,000 samples. To ensure alignment with real‐world scenarios, no restrictions are imposed on factors such as gender, age, posture, lighting conditions, or speech rate. A comprehensive description of the pipeline employed is provided for collecting and constructing the dataset and introduce an innovative visual frontend, 3D‐visual attention net. This frontend combines the advantages of convolution and self‐attention mechanisms to extract fine‐grained lip region features. These features are subsequently input into the conformer backend for temporal sequence modelling, achieving comparable performance on Chinese Mandarin lip reading dataset, lip reading sentences 2, lip reading sentences 3, and Cantonese lip‐reading sentences datasets. Benchmark tests on Cantonese lip‐reading sentences demonstrate the challenges it poses, providing a novel research foundation for dialect lip‐reading and fostering the advancement of Cantonese lip‐reading tasks.
High‐performance photonic crystal fibre biosensor for identifying Jurkat cells by refractive index analysis
Authors: Bani Most. Momtahina , Noor Khalid Sifulla , Ferdous A. H. M. Iftekharul , Anower Md. Shamim
Published: June 2024

Jurkat cells are immortalised lines of human T lymphocyte cells widely used in research to study leukaemia, signalling of T cells, and immune responses. These cells can be used as models to define the mechanisms of leukaemia and to develop mechanism‐based therapies. Jurkat cells can be detected with remarkable accuracy using the recently created Photonic Crystal Fibre (PCF). The suggested design has a hybrid arrangement on its clad surface and a rectangular core. The recently released PCF analyser displays a maximum Relative Sensitivity are 95.81% for Jurkat (type I) and 94.93% for Jurkat (type II), respectively. The Effective Material Loss of 0.0070 cm−1, 0.0080 cm−1, and the Confinement Loss of 9.11 × 10−9 dB/m, 9.15 × 10−8 dB/m were also examined for the previously described units. Jurkat cells represent a model of leukaemia that is very malignant and proliferative, representative of aggressive T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with the ability to progress rapidly and hence poor prognosis for patients. The benefit of applying a suggested PCF sensor to Jurkat cell detection lies in the high sensitivity to refractive index changes, allowing label‐free and real‐time monitoring of cell interaction. This PCF sensor can offer high light‐matter interaction, custom geometry, and biocompatibility for specific and reliable detection of deadly Jurkat cells in biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.
A capacitance reduction modulation approach of hybrid modular multilevel converter with boosted modulation index and circulating current injection
Authors: Li Hongxu , Wang Qin , Wu Qunfang , Xiao Lan , Li Jinbo , Chen Qi
Published: June 2024

In a modular multilevel converter (MMC) system, the sub‐module capacitors account for a large proportion of the cost, volume, and weight. This paper proposed a method to reduce the total capacitance of MMC based on the combination of boosting the modulation index (m) and second‐harmonic circulating current injection (SCCI). A small amount of full‐bridge sub‐modules was added to conventional half‐bridge sub‐modules (HBSM) based MMC to form the hybrid MMC. The third‐harmonic voltage injection technology was used to increase the m of hybrid MMC without the common‐mode voltage injected on the ac‐side. An optimized SCCI method determined by m was introduced, which limited the root mean square (RMS) of arm current. An improved modulation approach is used to eliminate the coupling effect of third‐harmonic voltage injection and SCCI in boosting m, ensuring that the m increases to 1.15 with the optimized SCCI. Compared with conventional HBSM‐MMC, the proposed method reduced the total capacitance by approximately half when m = 1.15. A comprehensive comparison of different capacitance reduction methods was presented to demonstrate the cost and effect. Simulation and experiment verified the proposed method.
Improving physical layer security in distributed multiple‐input multiple‐output dual‐function radar‐communication systems
Authors: Jebali Safieh , Keshavarz Hengameh , Hoseini Nilufar
Published: June 2024

A distributed multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) dual‐function radar‐communication (D‐MIMO DFRC) system is composed of multiple distributed dual‐function transmitters, multiple radar receivers and multiple communication receivers, which is capable of performing communication and radar tasks simultaneously. In a DFRC system, the goal is on optimising both the sum ‐rate in communication receivers and detection/localisation performance in radar receivers. The secrecy rate is maximised in D‐MIMO DFRC systems by decreasing the eavesdropper data rate as much as possible with a two‐step antenna selection method while maintaining optimal radar performance. In the first step of the proposed method, all transmitter antennas have been classified into groups based on their distance from each other, and each group is called a cluster. Then, a cluster of distributed transmitter antennas is selected based on path fading effects. In the second step of this method, the antenna selection algorithm is performed in the pre‐selected cluster based on channel capacity information utilising QR decomposition. The results show that this antenna selection method, along with low computational complexity and high performance, leads to the maximisation of the secrecy rate. In DFRC systems, it is desirable to minimise the total transmit power while satisfying system requirements to provide low probability of interception (LPI). Finally, after antenna selection, a power allocation strategy is also applied on the selected antennas to optimise the total transmit power and to maximise throughput in communication radar receivers simultaneously, and as a result it leads to provide LPI.
Constrained mean-variance investment-reinsurance under the Cramér–Lundberg model with random coefficients
Authors: Shi Xiaomin , Quan Xu Zuo
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we study an optimal mean-variance investment-reinsurance problem for an insurer (she) under the Cramér–Lundberg model with random coefficients. At any time, the insurer can purchase reinsurance or acquire new business and invest her surplus in a security market consisting of a risk-free asset and multiple risky assets, subject to a general convex cone investment constraint. We reduce the problem to a constrained stochastic linear-quadratic control problem with jumps whose solution is related to a system of partially coupled stochastic Riccati equations (SREs). Then we devote ourselves to establishing the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the SREs by pure backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) techniques. We achieve this with the help of approximation procedure, comparison theorems for BSDEs with jumps, log transformation and BMO martingales. The efficient investment-reinsurance strategy and efficient mean-variance frontier are explicitly given through the solutions of the SREs, which are shown to be a linear feedback form of the wealth process and a half-line, respectively.
Colonization of Anopheles coustani, a neglected malaria vector in Madagascar
Authors: Andrianinarivomanana Tsarasoa M. , Randrianaivo Fenomiaranjara T. , Andriamiarimanana Mandaniaina R. , Razafimamonjy Mihary R. , Velonirina Haja J.S. , Puchot Nicolas , Girod Romain , Bourgouin Catherine
Published: June 2024

Anopheles coustani has long been recognized as a secondary malaria vector in Africa. It has recently been involved in the transmission of both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax in Madagascar. As most secondary malaria vectors, An. coustani mainly bites outdoors, which renders the control of this mosquito species difficult using classical malaria control measures, such as the use of bed nets or indoor residual spraying of insecticides. For a better understanding of the biology and vector competence of a vector species, it is useful to rear the species in the laboratory. The absence of a colony hinders the assessment of the bionomics of a species and the development of adapted control strategies. Here, we report the first successful establishment of an An. coustani colony from mosquitoes collected in Madagascar. We used a forced copulation procedure as this mosquito species will not mate in cages. We describe our mosquito colonization procedure with detailed biological features concerning larval to adult development and survival, recorded over the first six critical generations. The procedure should be easily applicable to An. coustani from different African countries, facilitating local investigation of An. coustani vector competence and insecticide resistance using the colony as a reference.
Kieferorthopädische Dekompensation von Tiefbisspatienten–
Kieferorthopädie am Limit in der kombiniert
kieferorthopädisch/kieferchirurgischen Therapie
Authors: Lang Norbert , Coenen Franziska , Pies Julia , Modabber Ali , Niederau Christian , Knaup Isabel , Wolf Michael
Published: June 2024

Die Therapie von erwachsenen Patienten mit einer ausgeprägten skelettalen und
dentalen Angle-Klasse II kann die Kieferorthopädie mit rein konservativen
Behandlungsansätzen an ihre Grenzen bringen. Ein interdisziplinäres
kieferorthopädisch-kieferchirurgisches Therapiekonzept ist in diesem Fall häufig
die Therapie der Wahl. Hierbei stellt oft die präoperative Dekompensation eine
entscheidende Schlüsselfunktion dar. Im nachfolgend dokumentierten Patientenfall
soll der interdisziplinäre Therapieansatz unter der Verwendung einer
individuellen skelettal verankerten, digital designten PIPA-Apparatur
(Palatinal Inserierte Pins mit Aufbissplatte)
vorgestellt werden.
„Wir müssen reden?!“ – Supervision für eine verbesserte
Kommunikation
Authors: Keller Bianca
Published: June 2024

Ein Anspruch an die Professionalität von Hebammen ist, sich mit emotional
herausfordernden Situationen auseinandersetzen zu können und diese adäquat zu
begleiten. Dazu gehört, den Rahmen während einer Geburt zu halten, Krisenmomente
zu begleiten und zu bewältigen, existenzielle Gefühle zulassen zu können und mit
den Gebärenden und ihren Begleitpersonen angemessen zu kommunizieren – dies
benötigt ein hohes Maß an Reflexions-, Kommunikations- und Konfliktfähigkeit
sowie psychischer Stabilität. Diese Kompetenzen sollten in Supervision
reflektiert und besprochen werden, um daraus neue Handlungsweisen entwickeln zu
können.
Eine Studie macht noch keine Evidenz: Seriöse Daten
erkennen
Authors: Brodersen Anna
Published: June 2024

Evidenzbasierte Medizin ist eine bedeutsame Grundlage, um Frauen und ihre
Familien rund um die Geburt zu betreuen. Doch was zeichnet gute, evidenzbasierte
Hebammenarbeit aus? Dieser Artikel bietet wichtige Recherchehinweise für die
Praxis.
Alltagsbewältigung nach der Geburt: Was kann helfen?
Authors: Lawrence Shanti , Hammer Kristin , Hasenberg Gabriele , Hasler Ilke , Hoffmann-Gessner Katja , Oberndörfer Katrin , Pfister Anja , Roth Christina , Wirz Andrea , Loytved Christine
Published: June 2024

Sich auf die Zeit nach der Geburt vorzubereiten ist schwierig, da die Geburt
selbst ein unberechenbares Ereignis ist und gleichzeitig die Herausforderungen
in jeder Familie unterschiedlich sind. Obwohl diese Phase so wichtig ist, steht
die Hebammenforschung dazu noch am Anfang. Um den Alltag und das Zusammenleben
adäquat zu gestalten – welche Vorüberlegungen sind da notwendig? Mit dieser
Frage beschäftigt sich ein Forscherinnenteam der ZHAW.
Discontinuation Rate of Lurasidone and Quetiapine Extended Release in
Bipolar Depression
Authors: Kishi Taro , Sakuma Kenji , Hamanaka Shun , Nishii Yasufumi , Iwata Nakao
Published: June 2024

Introduction Lurasidone (LUR) was compared with quetiapine extended
release (QUE-ER) regarding 1-year discontinuation in patients with bipolar
depression (n=317).

Methods This is a retrospective cohort study.

Results Although the time to all-cause discontinuation was estimated using
the Kaplan–Meier survival curve with log-rank tests to compare treatment groups,
no difference was found (p=0.317). The Cox proportional hazard model revealed
that only the presence of adverse events (AEs) is associated with increased
treatment discontinuation (p<0.0001). The most common AEs were akathisia for
LUR (17.7%) and somnolence for QUE-ER (34.7%). In other Cox models divided by
LUR or QUE-ER, the presence of akathisia or somnolence was associated with
increased LUR (p=0.0205) or QUE-ER (p<0.0001) discontinuation,
respectively.

Discussion The acceptability of both antipsychotics to bipolar depression
in clinical practice may be similar. However, specific AEs for each
antipsychotic (LUR: akathisia and QUE-ER: somnolence) were associated with high
treatment discontinuation.
Effect of Limb Dominance on Chronic Ankle Instability: Does It
Matter?
Authors: Dakhode Shubham Yashwant , Kim Woo Sub , Lee Seung Yeol
Published: June 2024

Our study aimed to examine preoperative differences in strength and balance
between dominant foot (DF) and nondominant foot (non-DF) of individuals
undergoing ligament stabilization surgery in the general population. Patients
with records of preoperative evaluation, including isokinetic dynamometric
strength evaluation, Y-balance test (YBT), and Foot and Ankle Outcome Score
(FAOS), were included in the study. The DF was the preferred leg for accurately
kicking a ball through a goal. Statistical analysis determined the differences
between DF and non-DF and the correlations between muscle strength, balance, and
FAOS. There was no statistically significant difference between DF and non-DF
regarding evertor and invertor muscle strength (p=0.082–0.951). The YBT revealed
no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.082–0.951). There was a
significant correlation between the evertor peak torque and total work deficits
at 30°/s (p=0.022), as well as the evertor peak torque deficit at 120°/s
(p=0.048). No significant differences in muscle strength and balance were found
between DF and non-DF in nonathletes with chronic ankle instability. Peroneal
muscle strength deficit was associated with functional impairment. Tailored
interventions are needed to address limb dominance and muscle strength deficits
in CAI management.