bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Polymer Development Creates New High-Temperature, High-Pressure Cement Slurry Suspending Agent
Authors: Wang Chengwen , Song Lifang , Liu Jingping , Wang Chengli , Wang Hongtao , Xue Zedong , Shi Aipu
Published: February 2025

A high-temperature suspending agent with temperature resistance up to 200°C has been developed to address the challenges of high-temperature, high-density cement slurry (2.0–2.6g/cm3) settling and destabilization during cementing in deep wells (4500–6000 m) and ultradeep wells (>6000 m). This suspending agent is designed to introduce modified nano-silica (nano-SiO2) and long hydrophobic side-chain temperature-sensitive monomers. The inclusion of modified nano-SiO2 enhances the temperature resistance of the suspending agent and improves the suspension stability of solid-phase particles in high-density cement slurries. Concurrently, the long hydrophobic side chains increase the viscosity of the cement slurry at high temperatures through hydrophobic bonding. The synergistic effect of these components can delay settling of high-density cement slurries at high temperatures. In performance evaluations adhering to American Petroleum Institute (API) standards, the addition of 0.6 wt% of the suspending agent to a high-density cement slurry (density of 2.35 g/cm³) reduced the density difference between the top and bottom of the slurry from 0.897 g/cm³ to 0.028 g/cm³ after curing at 200°C, surpassing the local (Chinese) standard requirement of 0.05 g/cm³. This contributes to maintaining the overall uniformity of solid-phase particles in high-density cement slurry at high temperatures. It ensures the proper development of slurry consistency and cement strength properties. This advancement can help to reduce the risks associated with deep well cementing, supporting the quality of cementing operations in deep and ultradeep wells, and holds promise for starting some field tests.
Diversified farming and agroecology: Assessing cacao and coffee smallholders’ food security, dietary diversity, and vulnerability to hurricanes and other hazards in Central America
Authors: Bacon Christopher , Sundstrom William A
Published: February 2025

Diversified farming is one of several agroecological strategies for reducing smallholders’ risk and building resilience to climate change and other hazards. Accumulating evidence shows that farmers can use agroecology to improve household food security and influence food system transformations. However, additional research is needed to identify which agroecological strategies are used by whom and the degree to which diversification, household characteristics, context, or other strategies contribute to farmer well-being. In 2022, we conducted a livelihood, agriculture, and food security survey with 429 smallholders sampled randomly from farmers affiliated with cooperatives selling coffee or cacao in northern Nicaragua. We focus on farmer strategies and practices associated with 9 key agroecology principles and their relation to food security, water security, and dietary diversity. Next, we integrated statistical analysis into our participatory mixed methods approach using partner feedback and 13 farmer interviews to inform and interpret regression models. Cacao farmers in the wetter growing zone reported more crop diversity, organic production, and less seasonal hunger than coffee growers. Food and input price inflation was a more pressing concern than impacts from hurricanes Eta and Iota for all producers. Our multivariate analysis suggested that location was less important than surplus subsistence (corn and bean) production, water security, farm size, and income, all correlated significantly with improved seasonal hunger. Production diversity and farmers’ formal education correlated with household dietary diversity. This is among the first studies comparing coffee and cacao producers and assessing their agroecological strategies in relation to food security, water security, nutrition, and vulnerability. Findings are relevant for many of the 15 million smallholder coffee and cacao growers seeking more sustainable livelihoods and for potentially modifying the useful multidimensional agroecological indicators frameworks, like the UN FAO’s Tool for Agroecological Performance Assessment, to include measures of farmers’ water and food security.
Consequential Differences in Satellite-Era Sea Surface Temperature Trends Across Datasets
Authors: Menemenlis Sofia , Vecchi Gabriel , Yang Wenchang , Fueglistaler Stephan , Raghuraman Shiv Priyam
Published: February 2025

Global surface temperatures since the 1980s, when near-global satellite-based sea surface temperature (SST) measurements became available, are presumed to be well-known. Satellite-era warming trends in four commonly used global (land+ocean) temperature reconstructions agree closely. However, trends in four commonly used SST datasets show first-order differences, with 1982-2022 60°S to 60°N trends ranging from 0.09-0.17 °C per decade. These large discrepancies are perplexing given the agreement between global temperature datasets and the fact that 70% of Earth’s surface is covered by ocean, but are legible upon recognizing that global temperature datasets use SST fields whose trends agree more closely than those of the above four SST datasets. Considering the trend uncertainty across SST datasets widens the range of plausible global temperature trends and impacts interpretations of recent record global temperatures. We discuss some of these findings’ wide implications for understanding the character and impacts of global warming.
A 2-Years Comparative Analysis of Tirzepatide, Semaglutide, Qsymia, Contrave, and Phentermine on Ocular Health in Individuals with Obesity: A Propensity-Score Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Su Pen-Hua , Huang Yu-Nan , Chen Jo-Ching , Li Pin-Hung , Hsu Min-Yen , Cheng Chun-Wen , Meyerowitz-Katz Gideon
Published: February 2025

This landmark propensity-score matched study examined ocular outcomes of modern anti-obesity medications in nearly 5 million non-diabetic individuals with obesity. Through analysis of TriNetX US network data, we discovered that Tirzepatide significantly reduced cataract risk versus other treatments, showing a striking 59% lower risk compared to Semaglutide (HR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.19–0.85). Semaglutide users experienced markedly fewer visual disturbances than those on Contrave (HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.41–0.82) or Phentermine (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46–0.82). Both GLP-1 receptor agonists demonstrated protection against age-related cataracts, with Tirzepatide showing exceptional benefits versus Contrave (HR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.07–0.42). While these protective effects remained robust across patient subgroups, Tirzepatide's benefits diminished in those with impaired kidney function. Multiple sensitivity analyses and negative controls validated these compelling findings.
Predicting Intentions to Use Non-Alcoholic Drinks: Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)
Authors: Adams Sherifdeen
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Non-alcoholic drinks brands such as; sodas, juices, beers, gins, wines, stouts, Heinekens, lagers, spirits, sparkling ciders, and pale ales, etc. are the fastest growing area in the industry, and investment has meant the quality of such drinks is improving rapidly. The demand for these beverages is complex and changes over time with the introduction of new brands. However, little is known about consumers’ intention to use these drinks, and very little social research has explored this to date. Recent developments in non-alcoholic drinks markets have heightened the need for research on consumers’ intention to use non-alcoholic drinks and how different attributes influence these behaviours. This study sought to predict consumers’ intention to use non-alcoholic drinks based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).
Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design comprising a quantitative method. Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior is used as a theoretical framework and postulates three components: attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behaviour control. Data were collected online from 200 participants using a self-administered questionnaire. The participants were between 18 and 50 years old and residing in the United Kingdom. Results were presented in frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. The multiple regression model was used to predict whether independent variables are associated with the dependent variable.
Results: The findings of this study demonstrate that subjective norms predominantly influence the intention to use non-alcoholic drinks. Hence subjective norms (p<.001) had a significant association with intention. The other covariates were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study's practical implications contribute knowledge to investors, industries, and manufacturers in expanding their market and to governmental organizations in stimulating non-alcoholic consumption in the country.
Impact of reducing meat and dairy consumption on nutrient intake, health, cost of diets and the environment: A simulation among adults in Scotland
Authors: Kennedy Joe , Clark Michael , Stewart Cristina , Runions Ricki , Vonderschmidt Alexander , Frank Sarah , Scarborough Peter , Comrie Fiona , McDonald Alana , McNeill Geraldine , Alexander Peter , Jaacks Lindsay
Published: February 2025

In a representative sample of Scottish adults, we evaluate 33 pathways to meeting the UK Climate Change Committee’s (CCC) recommendations to reduce all meat and dairy consumption by 20% by 2030, rising to a reduction of 35% in meat by 2050. Our pathways take into account existing dietary guidance, and modelled outcomes include intakes of 54 nutrients, obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, cost of diets, greenhouse gas emissions, water and land use, and eutrophication. Nearly all modelled pathways are estimated to have benefits for most nutrition, health, and environmental outcomes, without negatively affecting diet costs. These benefits could be increased with targeted reductions in red meat among high consumers of red meat, and gram-for-gram replacement of meat and dairy with substitutes ranging from vegetables to beans to eggs to plant-based dairy alternatives.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings in Ghanaian patients presenting with low back pain: A single centre study
Authors: Acquah Godwill , Sule Derick Seyram , Fesi Lawrence , Kyei Kofi Adesi , Ago Jacob Leonard , Agala Dennison , Antwi William K.
Published: February 2025

Background
Due to the high prevalence of low back pain which impacts the lives of those affected, several studies have explored findings associated with the lumbar spine which is the affected anatomy using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This provides a better understanding of the pathology in the study setting and adds to the literature on the subject which is useful during intervention. However, there is a paucity of literature in the Ghanaian context. This study therefore explored the patterns of MRI findings in patients with low back pain.
Method
A one-year retrospective cross-sectional design with a purposive sampling method was used to retrieve data from 59 MRI lumbar spine radiologist reports with a clinical history of low back pain. Data was analysed using SPSS v26 and Jamovi 2.5.6. Statistical significance was deduced at p < 0.05.
Results
Radiological reports with a history of low back pain accounted for 32.6% of the total (n = 181) reports identified. A male-to-female ratio of 0.74:1 was identified with a mean age of 44.7 ± 16.1 years. Disc degeneration (93.2%, n = 55) and lumbar spondylolysis (76.3%, n = 45) were the two main findings identified as the most prevalent across reports. The lordotic curvatures of patients with low back pain were predominantly normal (74.6% n = 44). Disc degeneration was strongly associated with L4/L5 (V = 0.644).
Conclusion
The prevalent finding identified was disc degeneration frequently located at L4/L5. While this study could be a stepping stone for future research in this context, it provides some level of evidence which could be useful to Ghanaian healthcare providers for more focused assessments and interventions. This targeted approach can enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve treatment outcomes for patients suffering from low back pain, facilitating timely and appropriate management strategies.
Clinical trial number
Not applicable
The Mix and Match Approach in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Reveals Comparable or Lower Revision Rates to Matched Components: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Leitner Lukas , Postruznik Magdalena , Draschl Alexander , Koutp Amir , Leithner Andreas , Sadoghi Patrick
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The mix and match (stem and cup from different manufacturers/systems, MM) approach in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) involves combining components from different manufacturers. Despite various configurations discussed in literature and evidence supporting the safety of MM, controversy persists regarding safety and long term outcomes compared to matched components. Our study aimed to compare the revision rates of MM versus matched components.
Materials and Methods: Two databases were searched for English full-text articles published until January, 2024 that evaluated revision rates after primary MM THA. Additionally, MM revision rates data was extracted from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies was used for quality assessment.
Results: Three national and one hospital registry studies were included, of which three demonstrate MM as a common practice (19-24%). All studies found comparable revision rates for MM cohorts, or even slightly improved survival rates in MM cohorts concerning revision rate and PROMs, mostly lacking clinical relevance. These findings align with the data reported in the EPRD, with revision rates of approximately 3.6% after 6 years in both MM and matched THA.
Conclusions:Employing MM in primary THA presents a feasible and safe approach, capable of providing custom fit tailored to individual patients with revision rates comparable to those of matched THA.
Pt nanoparticles breathe and reversibly detach from Al2O3 in hydrogen
Authors: Checchia Stefano , Bonavia Daniele , Ferri Davide , Alxneit Ivo , Groppo Elena , Ricchebuono Alberto , Lazzarini Paolo , Vottero Eleonora , Pellegrini Riccardo , Piovano Andrea , Dejoie Catherine , Chizallet Céline , Raybaud Pascal
Published: February 2025

The dynamic behavior of supported metal nanoparticles under reaction conditions is a key factor in their catalytic performance. Pt nanoparticles are particularly susceptible to structural relaxation and disordering induced by adsorbed CO and H2. In a hydrogenated state, theoretical models have predicted not only the reshaping of Pt nanoparticles, but also their shift away from the surface of their metal oxide support. In this work we examined the dynamic behavior of well-dispersed 1–3 nm diameter Pt nanoparticles under hydrogenation conditions. Using time-resolved X-ray diffraction and pair distribution function analysis allied to a modulated-excitation approach, we provide direct experimental evidence of the simultaneous “breathing” of the Pt nanoparticles and their detachment from the Al2O3 support under H2 atmosphere. These dynamic structural changes are shown to be size-dependent, to occur in both gas phase (150°C) and liquid phase (cyclohexane, 70°C), and to be reversible, thus ensuring the stability of the catalyst under hydrogenation conditions. Gaining direct structural evidence of the ductile behavior of supported metal nanoparticles in reactive chemical environments is a groundbreaking step towards precise structural control of catalysts under reaction conditions.
Factors Associated with Hospitalizations Due to Severe Malaria in the Non-Endemic Brazilian Region: A Case-Control Study in the Extra-Amazon Region from 2011 to 2019
Authors: Silva Anderson Coutinho , Duarte Elisabeth Carmem , Marchesini Paola Barbosa , Viana Giselle Maria Rachid , Ramalho Walter Massa , Garcia Klauss K. S.
Published: February 2025

Background
Malaria is an acute infectious disease with its occurrence in Brazil concentrated in the Amazon region. But it is in the extra-amazon region where the lethality is higher. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze factors associated with malaria hospitalizations in the extra-Amazon region of Brazil.
Methods
A case-control design was used, utilizing data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan) and hospitalization records from the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS) from 2011 to 2019. Cases comprised hospitalized malaria patients, while controls included reported malaria cases without hospitalization. Probabilistic record linkage techniques were employed, and associations were analyzed using multiple logistic regression with a 0.05 significance level.
Results
There were 2137 hospitalizations, and the risk factors identified were people with: Black or mixed-race ethnicity, low education, infected in the Amazon region or abroad, or infected by P. falciparum or mixed infections, and delayed treated. Active case detection was found as a protective factor.
Conclusions
The results highlight a need for reinforcing timely diagnosis and treatment, while aiming at health equity measures. Strengthening diagnostic networks and effective communication strategies is critical to reducing complications and achieving malaria deaths elimination goals by 2030.
Accuracy verification of the CT-based navigation system ‘OTS’ for severe hip dysplasia: A simulation using 3D bone models of Crowe types II, III, and IV
Authors: Okuda Ryuichiro , Tetsunaga Tomonori , Yamada Kazuki , Tetsunaga Tomoko , Koura Takashi , Inoue Tomohiro , Masada Yasutaka , Ozaki Toshifumi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Ortoma Treatment Solution (OTS) is a computer-assisted artificial intelligence (AI)-based orthopedic surgical platform. However, its application in severe hip dysplasia has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of OTS in patients with severe hip dysplasia using three-dimensional (3D) bone models.
Materials and Methods: 3D bone models of severe hip dysplasia (Crowe type II, 10 hips; type III, 10 hips; and type IV, 10 hips) were constructed. The accuracy of automatic AI segmentation, success rate, point matching accuracy across different matching methods, and deviation values at reference points after matching were assessed.
Results: The overlap accuracy of segmentation was 1.00 ± 0 in the Crowe II group, 0.99 ± 0.02 in the Crowe III group, and 0.96 ± 0.06 in the Crowe IV group. The "Matching with true and false acetabulum + iliac crest" method achieved a 100% success rate across all groups, with mean deviations of 0.08 ± 0.27 mm in the Crowe II group, 0.12 ± 0.33 mm in the Crowe III group, and 0.14 ± 0.50 mm in the Crowe IV group (P = 0.572). In the Crowe IV group, the anterior superior iliac spine deviation was significantly lower using the "Matching with true and false acetabulum + iliac crest" method compared to the "Matching with true and false acetabulum" method (0.28 ± 0.49 mm vs. 3.29 ± 2.56 mm, P = 0.030).
Conclusions: Segmentation accuracy for severe hip dysplasia was very high. The matching success rate was 100%, with additional points on the iliac crest, which improved matching accuracy and reduced deviations, depending on the case.
β-Catenin interacts with a Wnt signaling mRNA network in myeloid leukaemia cells through canonical RBP binding.
Authors: Morgan Rhys , Wagstaff Megan , Sevim Okan , Goff Aaron , Raynor Morag , Park Hyun , Mancini Erika , Nguyen Diu , Chevassut Timothy , Blair Allison , castellano leandro , Newbury Sarah , Towler Ben
Published: February 2025

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is important for normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) biology and heavily implicated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The central mediator β-catenin is an attractive therapeutic target in AML however its targeting has been hampered by a poor characterisation of its molecular interactions in haematopoietic cells, which will differ from its network in solid tissues. Our previous β-catenin interactome study identified the significant enrichment of RNA-binding proteins (RBP) implying post-transcriptional roles for β-catenin in myeloid cells. To identify β-catenin interacting mRNAs we performed β-catenin RNA-immunoprecipitation coupled to RNA-sequencing (RIP-seq) and identified significantly enriched Wnt signalling pathway transcripts. Using β-catenin cross-linking immunoprecipitation (CLIP) we demonstrated a limited capacity for β-catenin to bind RNA directly implying dependence on other RBPs. β-Catenin was found to interact with MSI2 in both myeloid cell lines and AML patient samples, where expression was significantly correlated. MSI2 knockdown reduced Wnt signalling output (TCF/LEF activity), through suppression of LEF-1 expression and nuclear localization. Through both RIP and CLIP we demonstrate MSI2 binds LEF1 mRNA in a partly β-catenin dependent fashion, and may impact the post-transcriptional control of LEF-1 expression. Finally, we show that MSI2-mediated expansion of human HSPCs could be partly driven through LEF1 regulation. This is the first study to experimentally demonstrate functional crosstalk between MSI2 and Wnt signalling in human cells, and indicates potential novel post-transcriptional roles for β-catenin in a haematological context.
Comparative forecasting of adverse drug reaction trends among leprosy patients: Insights from the ARIMA and ETS models in a postpandemic context in a tertiary care center in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kahawita Indira Padmapani , Wijesinghe Millawage Supun Dilara , Karawita Upeksha Gayani , Nissanka Nissanka Achchi Kankanamalage Ayoma Iroshanee , Pathirage A.J , Lasanthi H.W.S , De Silva T.S.D , Thubellage D.S
Published: February 2025

Background
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in leprosy patients receiving multidrug therapy (MDT) present a persistent challenge, exacerbated by healthcare disruptions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Effective forecasting of ADR trends is essential for resource allocation and healthcare planning. This study analyzes ADR trends at Sri Lanka's Central Leprosy Clinic (CLC) from 2016–2023, uses the ARIMA and ETS models to predict future ADR counts and compares model performance.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of ADR data was conducted. Trends were assessed pre- and post-COVID-19, and forecasts for 2024–2030 were generated via the ARIMA and ETS models. Model performance was evaluated via the MAE, RMSE, AIC, and BIC. Statistical comparisons between periods were conducted via the Mann-Whitney U test.
Results
ADR counts increased significantly post-COVID-19, peaking at 46 in 2023. The ETS model outperformed the ARIMA model, with lower MAEs (0.84 vs. 8.00) and RMSEs (1.05 vs. 12.29). ETS forecasts indicated a steady rise in ADRs, reaching 32.33 by 2030, whereas ARIMA predictions showed greater variability. The Mann-Whitney U test confirmed significant differences between the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods (p = 0.03577).
Conclusion
The ETS model offers superior accuracy and stability for ADR trend forecasting, providing valuable insights for healthcare planning. These findings emphasize the need for robust ADR monitoring systems to address ongoing challenges in leprosy management, particularly in the postpandemic era.
Evaluation of sarcopenia in nonelderly patients with diabetes mellitus and its association with poor glycemic control
Authors: Daloglu Osman Onur , Unal Mehmet Cagri , Guller Pinar Uzgec , Alak Zehra Yagmur Sahin , Guclu Metin , Kiyici Sinem
Published: February 2025

Background
Sarcopenia is characterized by low muscle mass and strength, primarily affecting the elderly. It may also present in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially those with poor glycemic control. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of sarcopenia in nonelderly and overweight patients with T2DM and its association with glycemic control.
Methods
A total of 60 overweight patients with T2DM (mean duration 10 ± 1.3 years) were included to the study. Patients were classified into two groups according to their HbA1c levels. There were 30 patients (mean age 54 ± 5 years; 14 [46,6%] women) in poor glycemic control group (HbA1c > 7%) and 30 patients (mean age, 54 ± 6 years; 15[50%] women) in adequate glycemic control group (HbA1c ≤ 7). Hand grip strength (HGS) measurements using a dynamometer, skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, 4-m walking test, and the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SARQoL) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality(PSQ) questionnaires were used to assess the presence of sarcopenia and QoL in all patients.
Results
Five patients (16.6%) in the poor glycemic control group were diagnosed with sarcopenia based on the assessment of muscle strength and mass. Among patients with adequate glycemic control, none met the criteria for sarcopenia. The median HGS and SMMI were significantly lower in patients with sarcopenia (15.4kg and 7.4kg/m2) than in patients with adequate glycemic control (29.8 kg and 10.6kg/m2; p = 0.021 and 0.006, respectively). There was a negative correlation between HbA1c and HGS in all patients (r = 0.424; p = 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that an increase in HbA1c leads to a decrease in SMMI (Beta: -0.293; 95% CI: -0.483 to -0.102; p = 0.003) and HGS (Beta: -2,016; 95% CI: -2,885 to -1,147; p = < 0.001). The SARQoL score was also significantly lower in patients with sarcopenia than the patients with adequate glycemic control (p = 0.022) while no significant difference was found in the PSQ score.
Conclusion
Sarcopenia may occur in nonelderly T2DM patients with poor glycemic control, leading to decreased QoL. Screening for sarcopenia should commence at a younger age if diabetes is uncontrolled and risk factors are present.
IL20RB promotes pancreatic cancer progression by activating NF- kB signalling and promoting EMT
Authors: Ruan Wanbai , Li Junfen , Yin Yanmei , Peng Lei , Zhu Kexiang
Published: February 2025

Purpose Currently, the pathogenesis and biological features of pancreatic cancer are not fully understood. Interleukin-20 receptor subunit beta (IL20RB) is a risk factor for poor prognosis in a variety of solid tumours, including breast cancer. However, the biological characteristics of IL20RB in pancreatic cancer and its impact on patient prognosis remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IL20RB on the biological characteristics of pancreatic cancer and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Methods The expression of IL20RB in pancreatic cancer and its effect on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients were analysed by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect IL20RB expression in pancreatic cancer tissues. Pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1 and BxPC-3 with stable knockdown of IL20RB were constructed.The effects of IL20RB on the proliferation, migration, apoptosis and cell cycle of pancreatic cancer cells were analysed by CCK-8 assay, plate clone formation assay, wound healing assay, Transwell assay and flow cytometry. Transcriptome sequencing analysis and Western blot were used to detect changes in NF-κB signalling and key molecules during EMT after IL20RB knockdown.
Results IL20RB is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and that patients with high expression have a poor prognosis. Knockdown of IL20RB significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells, induced cell apoptosis, and resulted in cell arrest in the S phase. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and transcriptome analysis showed that IL20RB regulated related signalling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells, including Nuclear factor-κb (NF-κB) and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT). After the knockdown of IL20RB, the expression of EMT-related protein E-cadherin was increased, and the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail was decreased. At the same time, the expression levels of IKKα/β and P-NF-κB P65 were significantly reduced after IL20RB knockdown. The expression level of NF-κB P65 was not changed considerably, and the ratio of P-NF-κB P65/NF-κB P65 was significantly decreased.
Conclusion
IL20RB is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and is associated with poor prognosis in patients. IL20RB may promote the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells by activating the IKKα/β/NF-κB P65 signalling pathway to promote the EMT process.
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Association with High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Among Ethiopian Women attending cervical cancer screening
Authors: Biazin Habtamu , Mekuria Selamawit , Assegid Nahom , Forslund Ola , Borgfeldt Christer , Jerkeman Mats , Mihret Adane , Abebe Tamrat
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a major public health concern and threat on a global scale. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and association of STIs coinfection with hrHPV and histological findings in a cohort of women attending cervical cancer screening with self-sampling.
Method: This study was based on a cohort of 885 reproductive-aged women was attending cervical cancer screening at public prenatal care clinics in Adama, Ethiopia. The detection was performed by using the Allplex™ STI-EA real-time multiplex kit with the CFX96™ thermal cycler (Bio-Rad, CA, USA). The Seegene Anyplex II HPV HR test kit was used for the simultaneously detection of 14 hrHPV genotypes. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were made to test the association between the variables.
Result: Of all the study participants, 568 (64.2%) had at least one sexually transmitted microorganism (95% CI: 61-67). The overall prevalence of: Neisseria gonorrhea (NG) was 0.6% (95% CI: 0.2-1.5), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) 1.4% (95% CI: 0.7-2.3), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) 2.6% (95% CI: 1.6-3.8), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) 2.3% (95% CI: 1.4-3.5), Mycoplasma hominis (MH) 19% (95% CI: 16-22), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) 23.2% (95% CI: 20.5-26.1), and Ureaplasma parvum (UP) 46.6% (95% CI: 43-50). The prevalence of NG, CT, and TV infection was 4.2% (37). There was correlation between CT (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=5.4, 95% CI=1.4-21, p=0.014), MH (AOR=2.0, 95% CI= 1.4-3.0, p=0.001), HIV status (AOR=3.6, 95% CI= 2.0-6.6, P<0.001) with high-risk HPV infection. Hr-HPV infection was independently associated with histological abnormalities (AOR=14.8, 95% CI:1.1-19.9, p=0.043).
Conclusion:
Our study revealed a high prevalence of UU and MH in one out of five and UP in almost half of asymptomatic Ethiopian women. The prevalence of TV, MG, CT, and NG was low. There was a link between CT, MH, and HIV status and high-risk HPV infection. A high-risk-human papillomavirus and HIV infection was independently linked with histological abnormalities.
Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) for Cancer Related Conditions: Conflicts and Consensus
Authors: Mithunrosh Nayana , Nayar K Rajasekharan
Published: February 2025

Introduction:India accounts for 1.41 million cancer cases and conventional treatments remain standard. However, their side effects have led to increased interest in Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM).
Objectives: This study explores TCAM usage patterns among cancer patients, examining their motivations, expectations, and experiences and analyze the consensus or disagreement between patients and Palliative Health Professionals (PHP) on integrating TCAM with conventional cancer treatments.
Methodology: A qualitative study design was adopted, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 21 cancer patients and 12 PHPs in Thrissur district, Kerala.
Results: The study revealed diverse patterns of TCAM usage and it highlighted both positive outcomes, such as symptom relief, enhanced immunity and improved quality of life, and negative experiences, including misdiagnosis, delayed treatment and aggravated conditions which led to reverting back to modern medicine. Non-disclosure of TCAM use to oncologists was common, complicating care integration.
Conclusions: The study highlights the complex landscape of TCAM utilization among cancer patients, emphasizing the need for balanced integration with conventional treatments. While TCAM offers potential benefits in enhancing patient well-being, concerns about safety, efficacy, must be addressed.
Climate change increases toxic cadmium loads more than nutritional metals in spinach
Authors: Pieńkowska Aleksandra , Glöckle Alexandra , Sánchez Natalia , Khadela Shitalben , Richter Paul-Georg , Merbach Ines , Herzberg Martin , Kilian Joachim , Stahl Mark , Salcedo Luis Daniel Prada , Reitz Thomas , Muehe E. Marie
Published: February 2025

In addition to food quantity, food quality is paramount for meeting the demands of a growing global population. Food quality encompasses both nutritional and contaminant contents, yet their transfer within soil-crop systems remains poorly understood under impending climate change. This greenhouse study is the first to demonstrate that future climatic conditions increase the transfer of metals from oxic soils to crops, showcased for four soil-spinach variety combinations (Spinacia oleracea). Future conditions raised harmful metal cadmium levels in edible spinach tissues by 26–54%. In contrast, changes in micronutrient (Zn, Mn, Mg) contents were inconsistent and dependent on the specific soil-spinach combination. Climate-induced shifts in soil carbon composition and bacterial communities were linked to greater soil Cd phytoavailability, enhancing Cd transfer from soil to roots. These findings suggest that while spinach's nutritional values may remain stable, future conditions could lead to higher metal contaminants levels in edible tissues.
Анализ конструкции механизма вибрации c противовесом захватносрезающего устройства
Authors: Ласточкин Д. М. , Сидыганов Ю. Н. , Кретинин В. И. , Костромин Д. В.
Published: February 2025

В статье проведен анализ конструкции механизма вибрации c противовесом захватно-срезающего устройства, обеспечивающего уравновешивание возникающих сил и моментов сил. Выполнена конструктивная проработка механизма вибрации захватно-срезающего устройства путем добавления одного противовеса, который обеспечивает требуемую разгрузку опор от неуравновешенных масс механизма вибрации. Для проведения анализа конструкции механизма вибрации c противовесом была определена масса противовеса путем расчета поступательно движущихся и вращающихся частей механизма. На разработанной 3D-модели конструкции механизма вибрации с противовесом были проведены динамические исследования в программе SolidWorks Motion. В результате анализа конструкции механизма вибрации, оснащенного противовесом, было проведено моделирование момента на движителе и сравнение значений с результатами моделирования, полученными на механизме вибрации без противовеса для дерева массой 50 кг и при скорости вращения движителя 150 об/мин. Сравнение результатов моделирования момента на движителе механизма вибрации при равных условиях показало, что максимальный момент на валу без противовеса составляет 435804 Н·мм, а максимальный момент на валу с противовесом равен 331931 Н·мм. Разница в значениях максимальных моментов на валу движителя механизма вибрации показала, что применение противовеса на 23,8% снижает максимальный возникающий момент.

The article analyzes the design of the vibration mechanism with a counterweight of the gripping-cutting device, which ensures the balancing of the resulting forces and moments of forces. The design development of the vibration mechanism of the gripping-cutting device was performed by adding one counterweight, which will provide the required unloading of the supports from the unbalanced masses of the vibration mechanism. To analyze the design of the vibration mechanism with a counterweight, the mass of the counterweight was determined by calculating the translational moving and rotating parts of the mechanism. Dynamic studies were carried out in the SolidWorks Motion program on the developed 3D model of the vibration mechanism design with a counterweight. As a result of the analysis of the design of the vibration mechanism equipped with a counterweight, the moment on the mover was simulated and the values compared with the simulation results obtained on the vibration mechanism without a counterweight for a tree weighing 50 kg and at a rotation speed of the mover of 150 rpm. Comparison of the results of modeling the torque on the vibration mechanism drive under equal conditions showed that the maximum torque on the shaft without a counterweight is 435804 N mm, and the maximum torque on the shaft with a counterweight is 331931 N mm. The difference in the values of the maximum torques on the vibration mechanism drive shaft showed that the use of a counterweight reduces the maximum torque by 23.8%.
Модернизированная харвестерная головка
Authors: Васильев А. С.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассмотрены вопросы модернизации харвестерной головки. Целью работы являлась разработка конструкции харвестерной головки для повышения производительности лесозаготовительных работ в условиях Крайнего Севера и Арктической зоны при наличии глубокого снежного покрова. В результате работы предложена конструкция харвестерной головки, оснащенной активным рабочим органом, способным расчищать пространство вокруг стволов стоящих на корню деревьев. Активный рабочий орган обеспечивает высокую производительность работ при небольшом количестве управляющих воздействий оператора. Предложенная конструкция позволит увеличить объем заготавливаемой древесины за счет уменьшения высоты оставляемых пней.

The article deals with the modernisation of the harvester head. The aim of the work was to develop the design of a harvester head to increase the productivity of logging operations in the Far North in the presence of deep snow cover. As a result of the work the design of a harvester head equipped with an active working body capable of clearing the space around the trunks of rooted trees was proposed. The active working body provides high productivity of work with a small number of control actions of the operator. The proposed design will increase the volume of harvested timber by reducing the height of stumps left behind.
Исследование процесса отверждения укрывистых грунтов на полиуретановой основе
Authors: Белова О. А. , Чубинский А. Н.
Published: February 2025

Лакокрасочные материалы (ЛКМ) на полиуретановой основе широко используются для отделки древесноволокнистых плит средней плотности (МДФ), применяемых в производстве мебельных фасадов и стеновых панелей. Эти материалы характеризуются высокой прочностью, механической и химической устойчивостью. Процесс отверждения ЛКМ является ключевым этапом, определяющим качество конечного покрытия, и зависит от температуры и расхода. В работе проведено исследование процесса отверждения укрывистых полиуретановых грунтов с целью оптимизации условий производства. Экспериментальные исследования включали полный факторный эксперимент, позволивший установить зависимость продолжительности отверждения от ключевых параметров. Разработана математическая модель, позволяющая количественно оценить влияние температуры и расхода на время отверждения. Установлен оптимальный температурный диапазон для сушки полиуретановых грунтов, который минимизирует риск дефектов покрытия и обеспечивает высокое качество продукции. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для оптимизации производственных процессов, что позволит снизить эксплуатационные расходы и повысить энергоэффективность. Статистическое сравнение отечественных полиуретановых грунтов с зарубежными аналогами может существенно способствовать процессу импортозамещения, позволяя проводить сравнение и оценку эффективности. Разработка отечественных материалов с учетом полученных данных обеспечит более конкурентоспособное производство и независимость от импортных поставок.

Polyurethane-based LKM are widely used for finishing medium-density fiberboards (MDF) employed in the production of furniture fronts and wall panels. These materials are characterized by high strength, as well as mechanical and chemical resistance. The curing process of these coatings is a critical stage that determines the quality of the final finish and is influenced by temperature and application rate. This study investigates the curing process of opaque polyurethane primers with the aim of optimizing production conditions. The experimental research included a full factorial experiment, which allowed for establishing the dependency of curing time on key parameters. A mathematical model was developed to quantitatively assess the influence of temperature and application rate on curing time. The optimal temperature range for drying polyurethane primers was determined, which minimizes the risk of coating defects and ensures high product quality. The results of the study can be used to optimize production processes, reducing operational costs and increasing energy efficiency. A statistical comparison of domestic polyurethane primers with foreign analogs may significantly contribute to the import substitution process, enabling the comparison and assessment of efficiency. The development of domestic materials based on the obtained data will ensure more competitive production and independence from imported supplies.
Зимостойкость, засухоустойчивость и оценка декоративности Corylus avellana L. в условиях г. Брянска
Authors: Шлапакова С. Н , Алехина И. В. , Хоменок М. А. , Морозов А. Н.
Published: February 2025

Оценку зимостойкости лещины обыкновенной проводили в конце марта – начале апреля, когда отмечался более устойчивый температурный режим, и после окончания и возвратов поздневесенних заморозков. Другим важным показателем в оценке перспективности использования растений на объектах ландшафтной архитектуры является показатель засухоустойчивости. Действие засухи сказывается на водном обмене растений. Большая потеря воды за счет интенсивной транспирации вызывает развитие в растении водного дефицита, что может привести к гибели. В условиях г. Брянска все исследуемые растения лещины обыкновенной и ее формы 'Purpurea' обладают высокой зимостойкостью и хорошей засухоустойчивостью, а, значит, являются перспективными для их использования на объектах ландшафтной архитектуры. Однако у отдельных экземпляров видовой лещины, произрастающих на открытых участках, в засушливый период на листьях может наблюдаться подгорание их краев. Проведена ежемесячная оценка декоративности лещины обыкновенной и лещины 'Purpurea' по методике О.Ю. Емельяновой «Шкала градаций признаков для комплексной оценки декоративности древесных растений в течение года». Сумма баллов за год показывает степень декоративности растения в дизайне городской и парковой среды. Оба вида отнесены к высокодекоративным кустарникам.

The winter hardiness of common hazel was assessed in late March – early April, when a more stable temperature regime was observed, and after the end and return of late spring frosts. Another important indicator in assessing the prospects of using plants in landscape architecture is the drought resistance indicator. The effect of drought affects the water metabolism of plants. A large loss of water due to intensive transpiration causes the development of water deficiency in the plant, which can lead to death. In the conditions of Bryansk, all the studied hazel plants and its form 'Purpurea' have high winter hardiness and good drought resistance, which means that they are promising for their use in landscape architecture. However, in individual specimens of the species hazel growing in open areas, burning of their edges may be observed on the leaves during the dry period. A monthly assessment of the decorative value of common hazel and hazel 'Purpurea' was carried out according to the method of O.Y. Yemelyanova «Scale of gradations of signs for a comprehensive assessment of the decorative value of woody plants during the year». The sum of the points for the year shows the degree of decorative effect of the plant in the design of the urban and park environment. Both species are assigned to highly decorative shrubs.
Community pharmacy insurance: Knowledge, attitudes and practices of community pharmacists in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Okoro Roland Nnaemeka , Hedima Erick Wesley ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria, Abdullateef Siyaka ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Aguiyi-Ikeanyi Chinelo Nneka ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Iriferi Faith Ogechi ,   GSK Pharmacy Ltd, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria
Published: February 2025

Small and medium enterprises in Nigeria face high level of risks, such as fire outbreaks and theft that require proper risk management efforts. The study objectives were to determine insurance knowledge, attitudes and practices of Nigerian community pharmacists and their associated factors. This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey of Nigerian community pharmacists. The study data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages and mean) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation test and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses). A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. An overwhelming proportion (90.5%) of the pharmacists had low knowledge, 388 (83.6%) had positive attitudes and 284 (61.2%) had negative practices towards insurance. Age between 23–42 years (AOR 2.6; 95% CI 1.3–5.6) and undergraduate degree as the highest qualification were significant predictors of poor knowledge (AOR 9.6; 95% CI 4.0–23.1), while female gender (AOR 3.1; 95% CI 1.7–5.5), undergraduate degree as the highest qualification (AOR 2.8; 95% CI 1.4-5.5), work seminar on insurance (AOR 17.6; 95% CI 7.1–43.8), and unawareness of insurance companies, products and services (AOR 5.6; 95% CI 2.8–10.9) were significant predictors of negative attitudes towards insurance. In addition, female gender (AOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.4–3.3) and unawareness of insurance companies, products and services (AOR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1–2.9) were significant predictors of negative insurance practices. Most respondents had poor knowledge and negative practices towards community pharmacy insurance. Therefore, targeted interventions from various critical stakeholders are needed to enhance insurance knowledge and promote its uptake among community pharmacists in Nigeria.