bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh pengalaman praktik, prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan dan dukungan orang tua terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa SMK
Authors: Baiti Ahmad Awaludin , Munadi Sudji
Published: October 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) tingkat kesiapan kerja, pengalaman praktik, prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan, dan dukungan orang tua, (2) adanya pengaruh pengalaman praktik, prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan, dukungan orang tua baik secara sendiri – sendiri maupun bersama - sama terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa SMK, (3) seberapa besar pengaruh pengalaman praktik, prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan, dukungan orang tua secara sendiri dan bersama - sama terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa SMK. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey dengan pendekatan ex post facto. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi linier sederhana dan analisis regresi ganda dengan bantuan software SPSS 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) kesiapan kerja siswa tinggi (84%), pengalaman praktek tinggi (72%), prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan rendah (36%), dukungan orang tua sangat tinggi (54%), (2) terdapat pengaruh pengalaman praktik, prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan, dukungan orang tua secara sendiri maupun bersama – sama terhadap kesiapan kerja, dan (3) sumbangan efektif variabel pengalaman praktik, prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan, dan dukungan orang tua terhadap kesiapan kerja (R2 ) sebesar 39,6% dan sumbangan efektif masing – masing variabel yaitu pengalaman praktik 23,1%, prestasi belajar dasar kejuruan 6,4%, dan dukungan orang tua 9,6%. THE INFLUENCE OF PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE, BASIC VOCATIONAL LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT AND PARENT’S SUPPORT ASPECTS TOWARDS WORK READINESS OF THE STUDENTS IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLSAbstractThe purpose of this study is designed to reveal: (1) the level of work readiness, practical experience, basic vocational achievement,and parent’s support (2)there is an influence of practical experience, basic vocational achievement towards, parent’s support jointly and severally towards work readiness (3) how much an influence of practical experience, basic vocational achievement towards, parent’ s support jointly and severally towards work readiness. This was a survey research with ex post facto approach study. The data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis technique, simple liner regression analysis and multiple regression analysis with the help of software SPSS 16.00. The result showed: (1) the work readiness was high (84%), practical experience was high (54%), learning achievement in basic vocational was low (36%), parent’s support was very high (54%) (2) there is an influence of practical experience, basic vocational achievement towards, parent’ s support jointly and severally towards work readiness (3) the effect of practical experience, basic vocational achievement towards, parent’ s support jointly and severally towards work readiness (R2 ) 39,6% and the effect of each predictor was 23,1% practical experience, 6,4% basic vocational achievement towards, and 9,6% of parent’ s support.
Evaluasi program talent scouting guru SMK tahun 2013 Direktorat P2TK Dikmen Kemdikbud
Authors: Sholikhah Roudlotus , Soenarto Soenarto
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) relevansi pelaksanaan Program Talent Scouting Guru SMK tahun 2013 ditinjau dari aspek konteks; (2) kesesuaian pelaksanaan Program Talent Scouting Guru SMK tahun 2013 ditinjau dari aspek input; (3) efektifitas pelaksanaan Program Talent Scouting Guru SMK tahun 2013 ditinjau dari aspek proses; dan (4) pencapaian hasil pelaksanaan Program Talent Scouting Guru SMK tahun 2013 ditinjau dari aspek produk. Jenis penilitian ini adalah evaluasi program dengan model evaluasi CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product). Hasil penelitian: (1) pencapaian relevansi program termasuk dalam kategori “sangat relevan” dengan persentase pencapaian 85%; (2) kesesuaian input SMK sasaran program, peserta program dan penyelenggara program termasuk dalam kategori “sesuai” dengan persentase pencapaian 76,38%; (3) keefektifan proses sosialisasi, seleksi dan pembekalan, proses pelaksanaan program serta proses monitoring dan pelaporan termasuk dalam kategori “efektif” dengan persentase pencapaian 74,52%; (4) pencapaian produk teaching dan non teaching termasuk dalam kategori “sangat tercapai” dengan persentase pencapaian 84,35%. AN EVALUATION OF THE TALENT SCOUTING PROGRAM FOR SMK TEACHERS IN 2013 DIREKTORAT P2TK DIKMEN KEMDIKBUDAbstractThis study aims to know: (1) the relevance of the Talent Scouting program for SMK teachers in 2013 in terms of the aspect of context, (2) the appropriateness of the Talent Scouting program for SMK teacher in 2013 in terms of the aspect of input, (3) the effectiveness of the Talent Scouting program for SMK teacher in 2013 in terms of the aspect of process, and (4) the attainment of the Talent Scouting program for SMK teacher in 2013 in terms of the aspect of product. This research is an evaluation of the program using CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. The results of this study: (1) the relevance of the program achievement is included in the category of “very relevant” with the achievement percentage of 85%, (2) the input appropriateness of vocational program targets, program participants and program providers are included in the category of “appropriate” with the percentage achieved is 76.38%, (3) the effectiveness of the process of socialization, selection and provisioning, implementation process, monitoring and reporting process are included in the category of “effective” with the achievement percentage of 74.52%, (4) teaching and non-teaching product attainment are included in the category of ”very attainable” with the achievement percentage of 84.35%.
Pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran keterampilan generik komunikasi negosiasi siswa SMK dengan metode 4-D
Authors: Zahroh Siti Mazizatuz , Sudira Putu
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, mengembangkan dan menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran yang mampu melatihkan keterampilan generik komunikasi bernegosiasi siswa SMK dengan menggunakan metode 4D. Penelitian R&D ini dilaksanakan di SMKN 4 Surakarta yaitu pada siswa kelas X Program Keahlian Tata Busana. Tahapan pengembangan perangkat terdiri dari empat fase yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Tahap define mencakup kegiatan studi pustaka dan survey lapangan untuk keperluan identifikasi masalah dan need analysis, tahap design mencakup kegiatan perancangan produk awal, tahap develop mencakup kegiatan validasi pakar, revisi produk, ujicoba satu-satu dan kelompok kecil, sedangkan tahap disseminate mencakup kegiatan sosialisasi lapangan dan revisi produk akhir. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan angket. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) metode 4D merupakan metode yang fisibel dan efektif untuk digunakan dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran keterampilan generik komunikasi bernegosiasi; dan (2) perangkat pembelajaran yang dihasilkan mampu mengajarkan dan melatih keterampilan generik komunikasi bernegosiasi siswa kelas X SMKN 4 Surakarta. THE TEACHING DEVICES DEVELOPMENT OF GENERIC NEGOTIATION COMMUNICATION SKILL OF SMK STUDENTS USING 4D METHODAbstractThe study aims to describe, develop and produce teaching devices which will be able to teach and train the generic negotiation communication skills of SMK students using 4D methods. This study is carried out in SMK 4 Surakarta class X Fashion Design Study Program. The stages of development consist of four phases, namely the define, design, development, and dissemination. Define phase includes the activities of literature studies and field surveys for the purposes of identification of the problem and need analysis. Design phase includes the initial product design activities. Develop stage includes expert validation activities, product revision, one to one evaluation and small groups evaluation. Field disseminate phase include socialization and revision of the final product. The data collection techniques are observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The data analyses techniques use descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. The results show: (1) 4D method is feasible and effective in developing the teaching devices of negotiation generic skills; and (2) the resulting teaching devices are able to teach and train the generic communication skills to negotiate class X SMK 4 Surakarta.
Evaluasi uji kompetensi siswa keahlian multimedia di SMK se-Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Irwanti Yowanita Dwi , Sudira Putu
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi uji kompetensi siswa keahlian multimedia di SMK SeKota Yogyakarta, ditinjau dari aspek: (1) context; (2) input; (3) process; (4) product; dan (5) CIPP secara akumulatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada delapan SMK di kota Yogyakarta. Populasi adalah asesor, yang berjumlah 44 orang. Sampel dengan sampel jenuh (total). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Uji validitas dengan validitas isi melalui expert judgement, validitas konstruk dengan uji terbatas, dan dianalisis dengan korelasi Product Moment. Uji reliabilitas menggunakan Alpha Cronbach. Teknik analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa uji kompetensi siswa keahlian multimedia di SMK Se-Kota Yogyakarta ditinjau dari aspek: (1) context termasuk kategori sangat sesuai (84,7%); (2) input termasuk dalam kategori sangat sesuai (87,61%); (3) process termasuk kategori sangat baik (89,94%); (4) product termasuk kategori sangat baik (82,78%); (5) CIPP secara akumulatif termasuk kategori sangat baik (86,62%). EVALUATION OF MULTIMEDIA SKILLS STUDENTS COMPETENCY TEST IN SMK YOGYAKARTAAbstractThis study aims to evaluate the multimedia skills students competency test in SMK Yogyakarta, in terms of (1) aspects of the context; (2) the input; (3) the process; (4) the product; and (5) CIPP aspects cumulatively. This study was conducted at eight vocational schools in the city of Yogyakarta. The population was assessors, amounting to 44 people. The sample used saturated or total sample. Data collection techniques used questionnaires. Test validity of the content validity is expert judgment and construct validity with product moment correlation formula. Test reliability was carried out with Alpha Cronbach. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that the multimedia skills students competency test in SMK Yogyakarta in terms of (1) aspects of the context fall into the very appropriate category (84.7 %); (2) the input are in the very appropriate category (87.61%); (3) the process are the excellent category (89.94%); (4 ) the product are the excellent category (82.78 %); (5) aspects of CIPP cumulatively are the excellent category (86.62%).
Analisis Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dasar dan Implikasinya dalam Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar
Authors: Bujuri Dian Andesta
Published: October 2018

The human as human being should experience the development every time, including on the basic age of child (7-13 years old). One of important aspects of  human development is cognitive aspect. Cognitive development is an comprehensive development relating with thinking ability, such as the ability of thingking, reasoning, expressing idea, imagination and creativity. According to Piaget’s theory, the cognitive development of basic age child consists of two phases: the first is concrete operational phase (7-11 years old) that is a phase where the child has been able to function his/her mind to think logical, rational and objective, but it is just limited on the object concrete.  The second is formal operational phase (11-12 more years old) that is a phase where the child has used his/her mind to think a matter which will be or ought to be happening (hyphotheses) and a abstract matter. In spite of the same phase, cognitive development of child has difference in every age level that it is very significant to be known especially in education scope in teaching and learning process. Referred to new version of Talksonomi Bloom Theory, the child who is 7 years old has been at C1, C2 and C3 level but it is still limited, age 8 years is C2 and C3 level; age 9 years is C3 level which is high level; age 10 years is C3, C4 and C5 level which is limited, age 11 years is C4, C5 and C5 level; and 12 years more is C6 level which is better. The significance of comprehension about the cognitive ability level of child becomes reference to choose material lesson, to determine strategy, model and learning method. The purpose is to able to create effective learning and to be able to comprehend the material maximally which it is hopefully compatible with the belonging of child’s cognitive ability.

 

Keyword : Cognitive Development, Basic Age Child, Teaching and Learning
DETERMINING FACTORS OF FIRM SURVIVABILITY A STUDY OF UNIVERSITY SPIN-OFFS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sallatu Muhammad Afif , Indarti Nurul
Published: October 2018

Nowadays, universities in many countries are encouraged to take their research products to the next level by translating them into commercialized products to benefit society at large. In doing so, they establish a firm, a so-called University Spin-Off (USO), which specializes in carrying out the mission. A USO is a firm which is established to optimize or commercialize the Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) of the university. Previous studies into USOs, documented in the extant literature, have mainly focused on investigating the initial process of the USOs’ establishment, such as the drivers to initiate the USOs. Only a little attention has been paid to investigate the various drivers affecting the development of the USOs. Studies into the survivability of USOs are relatively limited. The current study is intended to fill this gap. Additionally, the findings are expected to add to the existing literature on USOs, particularly in the context of developing countries. This study aims at identifying the factors affecting the USOs’ survival. We used the resource-based view and contingency theory to identify and understand the various factors (internal and external) that might affect a USO’s survivability. Data for this study were collected through a survey. From the literature, we identified ten relevant factors for a USO’s survivability and 41 items to operationalize them, which we then used to develop a questionnaire. The factors are the USO’s business orientation, human resources’ reputation, product innovation, business plan, business models’ innovation, social networks, export activities, capital access, government support, and the business’s incubator. The data were collected from 111 USOs established by 14 universities located in five big cities in Indonesia. The survey was conducted from February until May 2017. Before performing the regression analysis, we deployed a factor analysis to validate the instruments and found that all the 41 items were valid and fell into ten component factors. The analysis found that there were only two factors which significantly affected the USO’s survivability: Its human resources’ reputation and social networks. These findings lead us to a conclusion that building a good reputation and maintaining its social networks are very important to ensure the survivability of a USO.
Identifikasi Escherichia coli dan Salmonella spp pada Karkas Sapi di Rumah Potong Hewan di Banyuwangi dan Resistensi Terhadap Antibiotika
Authors: Fikri Faisal , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad , Saputro Amung Logam , Hamid Iwan Sahrial
Published: October 2018

Food borne disease can be transmitted through Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp contamination. The contamination of microorganisms with high pathogenic potentials on bovine carcasses results in food borne illness. The aim of this study was to identify multidrug-resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp on carcass samples that isolated from slaughter house in Banyuwangi. Samples were collected from district of Banyuwangi, Rogojampi, Genteng and Kalibaru. This study used cross sectional study with assumption of prevalence at 50% in each contaminant, confidence level 95% and standart of error at 10%. By the number of samples should reach 96 samples. The result showed that seven samples (7,3%) were positive Escherichia coli and none samples (0%) were positive Salmonella spp. The multidrug-resistance of Escherichia coli showed that Cephalotin (42,9%), Trimethoprim (14,3%) and Erythromycin (42,9%) whereas Ampicillin, Enrofloxacin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline were sensitive against Escherichia coli.
IMMUNODIAGNOSIS INFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila PADA IKAN
Authors: Kristianingrum Yuli Purwandari , Widyarini Sitarina , Kurniasih Kurniasih , Sutrisno Bambang , Tabbu Charles Rangga , Sugiyono Sugiyono
Published: October 2018

Aeromonas hydrophila causes a disease that often infects fish and is known as Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS), Hemorrhagi Septisemia, Ulcer disease or Red-Sore disease. The   aims of this study were to develop polyclonal antibody of  Aeromonas hydrophila in the rabbits to   confirm the diagnosis of Aeromonas hydrophila  in the fish by immunohistochemistry staining method. Preparation of polyclonal antibodies was performed on the rabbits used to Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria that have been tested biochemically by intravenous and intraperitoneal injection. Doses of Aeromonas hydrophila  bacteria were 109 CPU/ml  of 0.5 ml at first injection, 1 ml at second injection, 2 ml at thirth injection and 3 ml at fourth injection. Blood serum collection was performed at week 5 after injection from  an  ear and intracardial vein. The result of antibody titer was 28 = 1024 which measured by   tube test. Furthermore, polyclonal   antibody was used to immunohistochemistry  staining with 400x dilution. The results of the staining showed that an immunopositive reaction in the liver, skin,lien,  gill, kidney, and heart of fish to Aeromonas hydrophila antibody. The research conclution was polyclonal antibody from rabbit can be used to accurately confirm the diagnosis of Aeromonas hydrophila  based on antigen and antibody reaction.
Conservación e intensidad de uso de la tierra en la reserva de la biósfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo, Michoacán
Authors: Ihl Thomas , Bautista Francisco , Mendoza Manuel
Published: October 2018

La reserva de la biósfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo se estableció debido a su extraordinaria riqueza en bio y geodiversidad; sin embargo, la región se caracteriza por un alto grado de marginación de la problación. Este mapa tiene como objetivo mostrar la conversación e intensidad de uso de la tierra, considerando la afectación a la vegetación natural.
A gestão do capital intelectual e do conhecimento como fator para a competitividade
Authors: Stefano Nara Medianeira , Casarotto Filho Nelson
Published: October 2018

O Capital Intelectual (CI) é a soma do conhecimento de todos em uma organização, proporcionando vantagem competitiva por meio dos resultados alcançados. A importância do CI na economia de hoje, baseada no conhecimento, resultou em uma grande quantidade de pesquisas sobre sua avaliação e gestão. Os Intangíveis tornaram-se uma questão importante não só para os acadêmicos, mas também para os governos, reguladores, empresas, investidores e outras partes interessadas. Com isso, a Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) pode ser colocada como um processo sistemático para adquirir, organizar e comunicar conhecimento, tanto tácito e explícito para todos os envolvidos na organização, possibilitando serem mais eficazes e produtivos em seu trabalho. O presente estudo apresenta-se como um ensaio teórico e aborda a importância do CI nas organizações, além de traçar uma ligação com a GC e os objetivos permitindo um aprofundado entendimento acerca do tema. Assim, tem-se que a relação entre a CI e GC é de vital importância para uma organização e que o CI sendo utilizado e explorado corretamente, torna-se o recurso central para a competitividade sustentável e sucesso da organização. Por outro lado, a GC desempenha um papel fundamental no processo de desenvolvimento e exploração do CI.
ANALISIS SITUASI HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL BIDANG KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Siahaan Selma , Utami Basundari Sri , Gitawati Retno , Handayani Rini Sasanti , Faatih Mukhlisul , Isfandari Siti
Published: October 2018

The information about intellectual property rights (IPR) related to health products in Indonesia is limited. This manuscript aims to describes the situation of health innovative researches including their products (patented and copyrights) in the last 5 years (2009-2013). This is a cross-sectional exploratory qualitative research, followed by the identifi cation of data and information related to health IPR documents retrospectively from 2009 till 2013. In-depth interviews conducted on IPR managers in 5 (fi ve) government research institutions, Indonesia Institute of Science, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology and 7 (seven) universities in Java island. The results showed that the IPR policy is strong, because it is written in the Act, majority of institutions state that IPR is their main indicators, however, the priority of health innovative researches is low. Generally, patented products were not planned to be patented from the beginning. Not all institutions have IPR management structured and incubation unit for development and “scaling up” of  researches results, so that, patented health products were potentially not to be commercialised. This shows that there is still a gap between policy and its implementation in terms of research innovation. Governments should actively promote and utilize the patented health products of Indonesia.

Abstrak

Informasi tentang Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) di Indonesia yang terkait dengan produk kesehatan masih sangat kurang. Tulisan ini bertujuan memaparkan situasi penelitian inovatif dan produk hasil penelitian kesehatan terkait HKI (paten dan hak cipta) dalam 5 tahun terakhir (2009-2013). Studi ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif eksplorasi potong lintang disertai identifi kasi data dan informasi pada dokumen HKI bidang kesehatan secara retrospektif dari tahun 2009 sd 2013. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap pengelola HKI di 5 (lima) lembaga litbang kementerian, Lembaga Ilmiah Pengetahuan Indonesia, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi dan 7 (tujuh) universitas di pulau Jawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dasar kebijakan HKI Indonesia telah kuat karena sudah dituangkan kedalam Undangundang, hampir semua institusi yang disurvei menjadikan HKI sebagai indikator utama, hanya penelitian yang berorientasi HKI kesehatan masih kurang diprioritaskan. Pada umumnya hasil penelitian yang dipatenkan tidak direncanakan sejakawal. Belum semua institusi memiliki unit pengelola HKI secara terstruktur dan unit inkubasi untuk pengembangan dan scaling up hasil penelitian agar dimanfaatkan masyarakat luas sehingga produk paten kesehatan berpotensi menjadi yang tidak bisa dikomersialisasikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat gap antara kebijakan dan implementasinya dalam hal penelitian inovasi. Pemerintah perlu secara aktif membantu mempromosikan dan memanfaatkan hasil produk kesehatan yang telah memperoleh HKI.
How the financial crisis has changed the research agenda on banking regulation
Authors: Lopes José Dias
Published: October 2018

The effects of the financial crisis, which began in 2007, were many and various. This paper examines those effects in the banking regulation and supervision research agendas. The crisis, as the most important economic and social event of the beginning of this century, has triggered debates in multiple spaces and across frameworks, in politics, the media, social networks, and elsewhere. As the crisis was focused in the financial sector, it is natural for the published academic investigation of the regulation of this sector to have suffered changes. With this paper, the author tries to understand the impact of the financial crisis started in 2007 in the research published about banking regulation. This study, using a 323-article sample, determined that there was a change in the volume of published investigations, evident after 2011. This indicates a time lag between the onset of the crisis and the growth of interest in its inherent themes. This study also testifies to a change in interest focuses, with new themes emerging, such as politics, Basel III, systemic risk, and regulatory capture. Further, the keywords with value at risk, Basel II, Basel Capital Accords, and market discipline lost some ground in literature.
Trade dynamics, revealed comparative advantage, and international competitiveness: Evidence from Macedonia
Authors: Kostoska Olivera , Hristoski Ilija
Published: October 2018

This paper examines the sectoral specialisation and competitiveness of
Macedonia in relation to that of the EU28, using four indices of revealed
comparative advantage for the years 2000-2015. Additionally, we estimate the
stability of the distribution and of the value of trade specialisation
indices over time, as well as the duration and probability of the long-term
survival of continuing export competitiveness. The findings suggest that the
structure of Macedonia?s comparative advantage has changed somewhat over the
past few years, and there is also evidence of a weakening in the level of
comparative advantage as revealed by the Balassa (B) index. The comparisons
made between the implied (theoretically derived) probability distributions
and their empirical counterparts demonstrate that the Markov transition
probabilities accurately characterise the data-generating process that
highlights the distributions of the B index, and thus allow for obtaining a
precise prediction about the probability distribution vectors, including the
limiting distribution. Finally, the results of estimating the survival
function show that the survival times of revealed comparative advantage are
not persistent over the period observed. The continuous decline in the
chance of certain product groups surviving indicates that Macedonia is
becoming increasingly vulnerable to competition from other markets.
Pro-competitive regulatory policies for post-paid and pre-paid mobile phone markets
Authors: Trifunovic Dejan , Mitrovic Djordje
Published: October 2018

There are two types of switching costs when users change their mobile
operator. The first stems from price discrimination when the network charges
a lower price for on-net than for off-net calls. If the majority of the
switching user?s contacts are in their current network, this imposes an
obstacle to changing the network, since in the new network they would have
to pay a higher price for off-net calls. The other switching cost results
from the switching user having to inform all their contacts about their new
number in the other network. Mobile phone number portability (NP) reduces
this switching cost. This paper?s aim is to determine pro-competitive
regulatory policies for the post-paid and pre-paid market segments. This
distinction is important since the post-paid market dominates in developed
countries, while in less developed countries the prepaid market dominates.
There are two operators in our model, the incumbent and a new entrant. In
the postpaid market, NP reduces the level of market concentration. In the
pre-paid market, NP has no impact on the convergence of market shares, and
the reduction of access charges (the fee for terminating calls in the rival
network) turns out to be a pro-competitive regulatory policy. There is no
need for asymmetric access regulation where the incumbent pays higher access
charges than the new entrant.
Removal of textile dyes from water by TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on poly(ε-caprolactone) beads and foams
Authors: Markovic Darka , Milovanovic Stoja , Radoicic Marija , Radovanovic Zeljko , Zizovic Irena , Saponjic Zoran , Radetic Maja
Published: October 2018

This study discusses the possibility of immobilization of colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) onto poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) beads and foams that could be utilized for the removal of textile dyes from water by photodegradation. PCL foams were fabricated by environmentally friendly treatment of PCL beads in supercritical carbon dioxide. PCL beads and foams loaded with colloidal TiO2 NPs were used as photocatalysts for the removal of the textile dyes C.I. Acid Orange 7 and C.I. Basic Yellow 28 from aqueous solutions (10 mg L-1) under illumination that simulated sunlight. Unlike the PCL beads, the PCL foams provided complete discoloration of the dye solution within 24 h of illumination. The PCL foams also exhibited excellent floatability that was maintained for more than four weeks. Additionally, their photocatalytic activity was preserved within three repeated photodegradation cycles, indicating that the floating photocatalyst provided superior photocatalytic activity compared to the non-floating PCL beads.
SREBP1c-PAX4 Axis Mediates Pancreatic β-Cell Compensatory Responses Upon Metabolic Stress
Authors: Lee Gung , Jang Hagoon , Kim Ye Young , Choe Sung Sik , Kong Jinuk , Hwang Injae , Park Jeu , Im Seung-Soon , Kim Jae Bum
Published: October 2018

SREBP1c is a key transcription factor for de novo lipogenesis. Although SREBP1c is expressed in pancreatic islets, its physiological roles in pancreatic β-cells are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that SREBP1c regulates β-cell compensation under metabolic stress. SREBP1c expression level was augmented in pancreatic islets from obese and diabetic animals. In pancreatic β-cells, SREBP1c activation promoted the expression of cell cycle genes and stimulated β-cell proliferation through its novel target gene, PAX4. Compared with SREBP1c+/+ mice, SREBP1c−/− mice showed glucose intolerance with low insulin levels. Moreover, β-cells from SREBP1c−/− mice exhibited reduced capacity to proliferate and secrete insulin. Conversely, transplantation of SREBP1c-overexpressing islets restored insulin levels and relieved hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. Collectively, these data suggest that pancreatic SREBP1c is a key player in mediating β-cell compensatory responses in obesity.
Decreasing Cumulative Incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease in Young Patients With Type 1 Diabetes in Sweden: A 38-Year Prospective Nationwide Study
Authors: Toppe Cecilia , Möllsten Anna , Waernbaum Ingeborg , Schön Staffan , Gudbjörnsdottir Soffia , Landin-Olsson Mona , Dahlquist Gisela ,   Swedish Childhood Diabetes Study Group and the Swedish Renal Register, Lind Torbjörn , Steen Carlsson Katarina , Persson Sofie , Persson Emma , Fredriksson Marie
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes. Recent studies indicate that end-stage renal disease (ESRD) incidence has decreased or that the onset of ESRD has been postponed; therefore, we wanted to analyze the incidence and time trends of ESRD in Sweden.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In this study, patients with duration of type 1 diabetes >14 years and age at onset of diabetes 0–34 years were included. Three national diabetes registers were used: the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Register, the Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden, and the National Diabetes Register. The Swedish Renal Registry, a national register on renal replacement therapy, was used to identify patients who developed ESRD.

RESULTS

We found that the cumulative incidence of ESRD in Sweden was low after up to 38 years of diabetes duration (5.6%). The incidence of ESRD was lower in patients with type 1 diabetes onset in 1991–2001 compared with onset in 1977–1984 and 1985–1990, independent of diabetes duration.

CONCLUSIONS

The risk of developing ESRD in Sweden in this population is still low and also seems to decrease with time.
Visit-to-Visit Variability of Hemoglobin A1c in People Without Diabetes and Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Ghouse Jonas , Skov Morten W. , Kanters Jørgen K. , Lind Bent , Isaksen Jonas L. , Blanche Paul , Haunsø Stig , Køber Lars , Svendsen Jesper H. , Olesen Morten S. , Holst Anders G. , Gerds Thomas A. , Nielsen Jonas B.
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to study whether visit-to-visit variability of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is associated with incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality, and type 2 diabetes in people without diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We included primary care patients with no history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease and with three annual HbA1c measurements within normal range (<6.5% [48 mmol/mol]). For each individual, we measured the HbA1c variability as the SD of the residuals obtained from a linear regression on the three HbA1c measurements. From the linear regression, we also obtained the estimated index HbA1c (intercept) and the trend over time (slope). Follow-up began at the date of the third measurement. Associations between HbA1c variability and outcome were analyzed using Cox regression, adjusted for traditional risk factors, intercept, and trend and reported as hazard ratio per SD increase in variability (HRSD).

RESULTS

In total, 6,756 individuals were included. During a median follow-up time of 6.3 years, 996 developed MACE, 856 died, and 1,267 developed type 2 diabetes. We found a significant association between increasing HbA1c variability and incident MACE (HRSD 1.09 [95% CI 1.03–1.15]) and all-cause mortality (HRSD 1.13 [95% CI 1.07–1.20]), whereas there were no associations with type 2 diabetes (HRSD 1.00 [95% CI 0.95–1.05]). We calculated 5-year absolute risks of MACE and all-cause mortality and found clinically relevant differences across several age, sex, comorbidity, and HbA1c variability–defined subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS

In a primary care population free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, high HbA1c variability was associated with increased risks of MACE and all-cause mortality.
Formação de professores e profissionais de saúde para a promoção da autorregulação em saúde na infância | Formation of professors and health professionals to promote self-regulation in childhood health
Authors: Magalhães Cleidilene Ramos , Schneider Stéfani Almeida , Bauer Mariana Da Silva , Strack Maína Hemann , Souza Carmem Lisiane Escouto de , Rosário Pedro , Mattos Luciana Bisio
Published: October 2018

Aborda-se a temática da autorregulação da aprendizagem, no contexto da promoção do autocuidado em saúde. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo. A pesquisa teve por objetivos: (a) realizar um programa de formação, com profissionais da Atenção Básica participantes do Programa Saúde na Escola e com professores de escolas de Educação Básica no Sul do Brasil, sobre a temática autocuidado em saúde; (b) acompanhar a intervenção em autorregulação em saúde, conduzida pelos professores e profissionais de saúde participantes da formação, junto a alunos do 5º ano, adotando-se como referencial a autorregulação da aprendizagem. Participaram do estudo 35 profissionais: dentistas, enfermeiros, técnicos de enfermagem, agentes comunitários de saúde, professores, supervisora, orientadoras educacionais e uma vice-diretora. O estudo desenvolveu-se em duas fases: (1) formação de professores e profissionais de saúde com vistas à promoção da autorregulação da saúde nos domínios de alimentação saudável e saúde bucal em escolares; (2) intervenção para a promoção da autorregulação em saúde, junto a alunos do 5º ano da Educação Básica, conduzida pelos professores e profissionais que realizaram a formação. Ambas as etapas estão descritas neste estudo. Os profissionais de ensino e de saúde envolvidos na formação e no desenvolvimento da intervenção engajaram-se no propósito de se tornarem autorreguladores e modeladores de práticas cotidianas na escola. Isso os subsidiou para o uso de metodologias que proporcionaram o aprender a aprender e o uso de estratégias autorregulatórias em sala de aula. As crianças participantes desse estudo mostraram-se capazes de planejar, executar e avaliar em outras situações do cotidiano, organizando objetivos coerentes com as atividades e desenvolvendo a competência de transpor para outros domínios as aprendizagens sobre os processos de autorregulação. O estudo mostra-se promissor para pensar a autorregulação no domínio da saúde e na formação de educadores, em especial na infância.
Explorando las alianzas en la internacionalización de bodegas familiares españolas, argentinas y chilenas
Authors: Fuentes Lombardo Guadalupe , Vallejo Martos Manuel Carlos , Fernández Ortiz Rubén
Published: October 2018

Atendiendo a los distintos modos de entrada de una empresa en un mercado extranjero, el uso o no de alianzas estratégicas se podría ver condicionado por el carácter familiar de la empresa. En el caso concreto de las empresas familiares, dichas alianzas presentan una serie de ventajas e inconvenientes derivadas del peculiar carácter de estas empresas. Los resultados de este estudio cualitativo muestran los motivos que llevan a las empresas familiares a realizar o no alianzas estratégicas en su proceso de internacionalización, así como los factores discriminantes que favorecen o dificultan su selección en empresas del sector vitivinícola español, argentino y chileno. El grado de control de la familia en el negocio influye sobre ambos aspectos.
Profesionalizarse, emprender y aliarse para que la empresa familiar continúe
Authors: Bañegil-Palacios Tomás M. , Barroso-Martínez Ascensión , Tato-Jiménez Juan L.
Published: October 2018

La continuidad de la empresa familiar es uno de los temas más estudiados. Los factores más utilizados en su estudio son la sucesión y la confusión entre el patrimonio empresarial y familiar. Sin embargo, en este trabajo vamos a analizar la continuidad de la empresa familiar y la influencia que sobre ella tienen algunas variables poco estudiadas; en concreto analizaremos la influencia que sobre ella tienen la realización de estrategias de alianzas y cooperación, la gestión profesional de la empresa familiar y el espíritu emprendedor de la empresa. La metodología utilizada para analizar estas relaciones está basada en un proceso de ecuaciones estructurales, concretamente el enfoque Partial Least Squares (PLS). Los resultados son, en la mayoría de las relaciones empleadas, los esperados según la literatura.
El voluntariado corporativo y sus efectos sobre la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso en empresas familiares de Andalucía
Authors: Ruizalba Robledo José Luis , Vallespín Arán María , González Porras José Luis
Published: October 2018

Esta investigación analiza el voluntariado corporativo en empresas familiares de Andalucía y su impacto sobre los empleados. Se ha investigado la presencia de programas de voluntariado corporativo junto con otros factores (el interés de la dirección y la conciliación entre vida laboral y familiar) desde la perspectiva de la dimensión de la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa. Tras la revisión teórica, se mide el grado de implantación del voluntariado corporativo en empleados, en clientes y en su intención de desarrollo en el futuro. Queda de manifiesto que las empresas que pongan en marcha acciones de voluntariado corporativo podrían contribuir a incrementar los niveles de satisfacción y de compromiso de los empleados.
Communication about Corporate Social Responsibility practices and Return on Equity
Authors: Gémar Germán , Espinar David
Published: October 2018

We have analysed the importance of companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) and how the relationship between CSR and financial performance has been scientifically studied. It is clear that the literature offers contradictory results. This debate is particularly relevant in the hotel sector due to the intense relationship and dependency this industry has on its environmental setting. This paper has shown a neutral relationship between the CSR and return on equity (ROE), which means introducing CSR measures stop short of having a negative effect on shareholders’ profits. Therefore, based on the results of this study, we encourage the hotel sector to introduce CSR practices into its strategy, as CSR produces new competitive advantages that have neutral effects on financial performance. The conclusions were not different once we distinguished between family or non family firms. One of the most common excuses business owners and executives use to justify having no CSR policies is that they cannot afford to spend money on these activities, as they will affect their companies’ profitability. This study has demonstrated that CSR has a neutral relationship with ROE, and, consequently, other benefits (e.g. reputation and competitiveness) will arise from applying those practices, without weakening ROE.
An approach to patronymic names as a resource for familiness and as a variable for family business identification
Authors: Olivares-Delgado Fernando , Pinillos-Laffón Alberto , Benlloch-Osuna María Teresa
Published: October 2018

This paper aims to hint at a theory of family business naming. Besides, it puts forward two kinds of practical proposals. The former intends to integrate the patronymic name as an intangible resource for corporate brand management, in addition to family branding and familiness. The latter proposals aim at including the patronymic company name in Spanish as a variable in research methods on family business identification.
Organizational culture and family business: A configurational approach
Authors: Sánchez Marín Gregorio , Carrasco Hernández Antonio José , Danvila del Valle Ignacio , Sastre Castillo Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2018

This paper adopts a configurational approach to explore the degree of matching among typologies of organizational culture and categories of family firm. Based on a sample of 491 Spanish firms with diverse levels of family involvement and using the organizational cultural assessment instrument (OCAI), results show that family owned and managed firms and professionally managed family are characterized by a clan culture typology while market and hierarchy cultures are more relevant in non-family firms. Potential determinants and consequences of these matches are explained and discussed.
Impact of financial crisis and family control on earning management of Portuguese listed firms
Authors: Lisboa Inês
Published: October 2018

Accounting information is used to evaluate the firm's financial performance. Although, firms may have incentives to engage in earnings management, misleading all stakeholders. This study aims to analyse earnings management behaviours of Portuguese listed firms. Both accrual-based and real activities of earnings management are analysed to draw an overall picture of earnings management’ strategies. Most studies focused only in discretionary accruals as a proxy for earnings management, since cash flow-based earnings management is more difficult to detect. Although both strategies can be complementary instead of substituting. Moreover, the impact of financial crisis, family control, and firm characteristics is taken into account. Previous literature found that 2008 crisis had impact on earnings management as firms want to meet debt covenants and investors’ expectations. Moreover, family firms also impact the magnitude of earnings management. While some researchers found a negative relationship since managers are highly controlled, others found the opposite relationship because the family may want to maximize their own wealth. Analysing 51 listed firms, from 2003 till 2015, results show that firms engage more in earnings management during crisis, when the firm's financial situation is less stable. In addition, accrual-based earnings management is higher in family firms than in non-family ones, suggesting less quality of information in the first group. Due to less control of family firms, the family may expropriate minority investors’ wealth to increase personal benefits. Finally, the impact of firms’ characteristics on earnings management depends on the proxy of earning management analysed, suggesting that firms use accrual or real-activities earnings management depending on its purposes.
The Worst and the Best of Propaganda
Authors: Cepollaro Bianca , Torrengo Giuliano
Published: October 2018

In this paper we discuss two issues addressed by Jason Stanley in How Propaganda Works: the status of slurs (Section 1) and the notion of positive propaganda (Section 2). In particular, in Section 1 we argue contra Stanley that code words like ‘welfare’ are crucially different from slurs in that the association between the lexical item and an additional social meaning is not as systematic as it is for slurs. In this sense, slurs bring about a special kind of propagandistic effect, even if it typically concerns informal contexts rather than public debates. In Section 2, we consider positive propaganda and its relation to emotional effects. For Stanley, positive propaganda relies on the production of emotional effects, feature which risks to erode rational debates even if there is a good purpose behind. Instead, we argue that positive propaganda can work with no appeal to emotions. To this end, we focus on the use of ‘she’ as the default personal pronoun in academic writing and suggest that this measure can count as positive propaganda which rather than eroding rational debates by relying on emotional effects, closely resembles affirmative action aimed at counterbalancing a pre-existing form of injustice and inequality.
Antifungal effect of Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad essential oil on oral candidiasis in immunosuppressed rats
Authors: Najibzadeh Teimur , Yadegary Mohammad Hossein
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The antimicrobial, antibacterial, antioxidant, antihyperlipidaemic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Satureja khuzestanica (Lamiaceae) have been investigated in numerous studies.

Objective: The antifungal effects of S. khuzestanica essential oil (SKJO) in immunosuppressed rats suffering from oral candidiasis were investigated.

Methods: A fungal suspension with a density of 3×108 CFU/ml was taken from the isolate of a case with acute vaginitis. In order to achieve a medicinal formulation, accurate twice the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SKJO and 10 times MIC of nystatin was used with 0.8% agar as a base material. In this study, 35 rats divided into 5 groups each of 7 were used. The assessment of level of infection and specification of the effects of treatment were performed using microbiological and histopathological methods as well as clinical examinations.

Results: Our results show that carvacrol is the main compound of SKJ essential oil. Lesions completely disappeared in both treatment groups (SKJO and nystatin) after 8 days of treatment. Furthermore, in groups treated with SKJO and nystatin, the quantities of mean logarithm of colony forming unit (CFU) were 85.62% and 90.62%, respectively, in comparison with placebo group. Also, histopathological properties suggested no infection in groups who had clean and normal dorsal tongue mucosa.

Conclusions: Using SKJO with twice accuracy it was concluded that MIC in immunosuppressed rats was quite successful in a time of a week and equal with that of a nystatin treatment with an accuracy of 10 times the MIC.
La acción pauliana en el Derecho Civil chileno y español: conexiones con el enriquecimiento injustificado y con la responsabilidad extracontractual
Authors: Jerez Delgado Carmen
Published: October 2018

Los ordenamientos chileno y español contienen la denominada acción pauliana o acción de rescisión por fraude de acreedores en sus respectivos Códigos civiles. Desde el Derecho romano hasta nuestros días, esta acción contempla dos escenarios muy diversos, en función de si el daño se causa como consecuencia de la mala fe del deudor y del tercero, o bien si se causa por el acto jurídico en sí mismo considerado, con independencia de cuál sea la intención que el deudor tuvo al realizarlo sino atendiendo más bien a la lesión del derecho de crédito que objetivamente provoca. Desde un punto de vista comparado, pueden encontrarse conexiones entre cada uno de estos casos, y la responsabilidad civil extracontractual y el enriquecimiento injustificado, respectivamente.