bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNCONSCIOUS STATE ANALYSIS OF CONSCIOUS COMPETENCE LEARNING MODEL BY ABRAHAM MASLOW AS FOUR STAGE OF LEARNING
Authors: Harianto GP
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Learning difficulties have always been experienced by every student. There are many obstacles so that a person falls into long learning difficulties, whether he realizes it or not. The problem is how to change students from being unconscious in their learning difficulties to becoming conscious, skilled and even professional based on the Conscious Competence Learning Model (CCL) according to Abraham Maslow as Four Stage of Learning? The objective is to answer the following questions: What is the CCL Model? How is the analysis of the unconscious according to the CCL Model? How are the possibilities for developing the unconscious to become a conscious and even increasing the potential in him? Results The CCL model can be used to solve students' unconscious problems in facing learning difficulties. The progress of the CCL model can be seen is: he is unconscious (stage 1) turns into a conscious position to realize his weaknesses and wants to rise above learning difficulties (stage 2), then he has learning competence (in stage 3) and continues learning to become a profession (stage 4). Abstrak: Kesulitan belajar selalu pernah dialami oleh setiap peserta didik. Banyak kendala sehingga seseorang jatuh dalam kesulitan belajaran yang panjang baik disadari maupun tidak disadarinya.  Masalah  adalah  bagaimanakah merubah siswa  dari keadaan Unconscious (keadaan  tak sadar) dalam kesulitan belajarnya menjadi  conscious (sadar), terampil bahkan profesional berdasarkan Model Conscious Competence Learning (CCL) menurut Abraham Maslow sebagai Four Stage of Learning? Tujuan  adalah   menjawab beberapa pertanyaan sebagai berikut: Apakah yang dimaksud dengan Model CCL? Bagaimana analisis keadaan unconscious menurut  Model CCL?  Bagaimanakah kemungkin-kemungkinan mengembangkan unconscious menjadi conscious bahkan dapat meningkatkan potensi dalam dirinya? Hasil Model CCL adalah dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah unconscious siswa dalam menghadapi kesulitan belajar. Progress model CCL dapat dilihat adalah: ia  unconscious (tahap 1) berubah menjadi conscious  dalam posisi menyadari kelemahannya dan mau bangkit menerobos kesulitan belajar (tahap 2), kemudian  ia  mempunyai kompeten belajar (tahap 3) dan berlanjut belajar menjadi profesi (tahap 4).
Adaptations to Support the Flint Water Task
Authors: Grosser-Clarkson Dana L. , Hung Joanna S.
Published: April 2023

This Perspectives on Practice manuscript focuses on an innovation associated with “Engaging Teachers in the Powerful Combination of Mathematical Modeling and Social Justice: The Flint Water Task” from Volume 7, Issue 2 of MTE. The Flint Water Task has shown great promise in achieving the dual goals of exploring mathematical modeling while building awareness of social justice issues. This Perspectives on Practice article focuses on two adaptations of the task—gallery walks and What I Know, What I Wonder, What I Learned (KWL) charts—that we have found to enhance these learning opportunities. We found that the inclusion of a gallery walk supported our students in the development of their mathematical modeling skills by enhancing both the mathematical analyses of the models and the unpacking of assumptions. The KWL chart helps students document their increase in knowledge of the social justice issues surrounding the water crisis. Using the mathematical modeling cycle to explore social justice issues allows instructors to bring humanity into the mathematics classroom.
Tools, Evidence, and Implications: Weighing Issues of Scale in Describing an Intervention
Authors: Steele Michael D. , Gneiting Caroline S. , Johnson Kate R.
Published: April 2023

Previous MTE editorials have focused on the nature of evidence and how it relates to the claims we make, the nature of our tools, and the nature of the contributions to the shared knowledge base. In this editorial, we draw on these perspectives and MTE articles to discuss how we might think about aligning the tools we wish to share, the evidence related to the tool's efficacy, and the implications for aspects of mathematics teacher education.
Impugnaciones del archivo. El giro documental en la obra de escritoras hispanoamericanas contemporáneas
Authors: Ferrús Antón Beatriz , Ritondale Elena
Published: April 2023

Women's literature in Latin America, from the 1980s to the present, has developed numerous strategies to challenge the classical notion of the archive, where the use and appropriation of heterogeneous non-fictional materials is presented as a praxis that provides it with tools of inquiry. . Some authors, close to the testimonial narrative, dialogue with archives and public materials, others rethink the idea of authorship from the concept of expropriation, others are located within the framework of the writings of the self and resort to private and family documents.The works that come together in this dossier investigate the use of these plural materials and their possibilities, between the private and the public, which allow the I (or we) to be introduced into History, questioning it, filling in its gaps and silences.

La literatura de mujeres en América Latina, desde los años 80 al presente, ha elaborado numerosas estrategias de impugnación a la noción clásica de archivo, donde el uso y apropiación de materiales heterogéneos no ficcionales se presenta como una praxis que la provee de herramientas de indagación. Algunas, cercanas a la narrativa testimonial, dialogan con archivos y materiales públicos, otras replantean la idea de autoría a partir del concepto de desapropiación, otras se sitúan en el marco de las escrituras del yo y recurren a documentos privados y familiares.
Los trabajos que se reúnen en este dossier indagan en el uso de esos materiales plurales y de sus posibilidades, entre lo privado y lo público, que permiten introducir al yo (o al nosotras) en la Historia, cuestionándolo, rellenado sus huecos y silencios.
Carbon dioxide levels of ventilated adult critically ill post-operative patients on arrival to the intensive care unit
Authors: Slave M , Scribante J , Perrie H , Lambat F
Published: April 2023

Background. The transportation of critically ill patients presents a precarious situation in which adverse events may occur. At Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) patients were manually ventilated using a manual resuscitator bag during transportation from theatre to the intensive care unit (ICU).Objectives. To evaluate the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) levels of ventilated adult critically ill post-operative patients on arrival at the ICU at CHBAH.
Methods. This was a cross-sectional study using convenience sampling. Pre- and post-transportation arterial blood gases were obtained from 47 patients.
Results. There was a statistically significant difference in the pre- and post-transport PaCO2 level (p=0.03), with a mean difference of 3.3 mmHg. The pre- and post-transport arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) level (p≤0.001) and the week and weekend pre-transport (p≤0.001) and post-transport (p=0.01) PaCO2 were statistically significantly different. No statistically significant difference was found in the other arterial blood gas parameters or in the post-transport PaCO2 of those patients (26 (55.3%)), who received a neuromuscular blocking drug compared with those that did not. Adverse events were noted during 12 (25.6%) of the transports, 5 (41.7%) of which were patient-related, and 7 (58.3%) of which were infrastructure-related.
Conclusion. There was a statistically but not clinically significant difference in the pre- and post-transport PaCO2 level and between week and weekend transportations. Hypercarbia was the most common derangement in all transports. Adverse events occurred during one-quarter of transportations. Keywords: manual resuscitation bag ventilation, transportation of critically ill patients, carbon dioxide levels
Les représentations de l’interculturalisme à l’Assemblée nationale du Québec
Authors: Carpentier David , Mathieu Félix
Published: April 2023

L’interculturalisme n’ayant toujours pas été officialisé par l’intermédiaire d’une loi ou politique publique formelle et contraignante, comment les parlementaires québécois – mais aussi les intervenants avec qui ils dialoguent – se le représentent-ils dans leurs échanges à l’Assemblée nationale? Cet article se propose de répondre à cette question en réalisant une analyse de contenu critique qualitative et systématique des échanges portant sur l’interculturalisme à l’Assemblée nationale du Québec depuis l’apparition de cette notion en 1987 (33e législature) jusqu’à la portion de la 42e législature (2018-) qui précède l’ajournement des travaux au mois de mars 2020, en raison de la pandémie de COVID-19. En montrant l’existence de deux principales coalitions de discours, l’une qualifiée de libérale-pluraliste et l’autre de républicaine-moniste, cet article décortique les débats parlementaires en illustrant comment les acteurs associés à ces deux approches se représentent les fondements du modèle québécois en matière d’aménagement de la diversité, le rapport qu’il propose entre la culture majoritaire et les minorités ethnoculturelles, et ses objectifs présumés.
De l’alphabétisation des adultes à la promotion de la lecture enfantine : évolution des pratiques en littératie en Acadie
Authors: Arrighi Laurence
Published: April 2023

Dans le cadre d’une recherche sur les discours et représentations portant sur la question de l’alphabétisation en Acadie, j’ai noté à travers le temps plusieurs changements. L’un de ces changements les plus notables concerne les publics visés par les actions publicisées pour améliorer la littératie de la population. L’objectif de cet article est de mettre au jour l’évolution de ces discours dans leur participation à la construction d’une certaine réalité sociale. L’analyse, de type qualitative et interprétative, s’appuie sur des données recueillies dans le quotidien L’Acadie nouvelle dépouillé exhaustivement depuis sa création en 1984. Alors que la fin du siècle dernier est marquée par la publicisation d’actions visant des adultes qui peinent à trouver leur place dans un monde du travail demandant de plus en plus de compétences communicationnelles, à partir des années 2000, le thème de l’alphabétisation familiale cible un nouveau public, les jeunes et en particulier la petite enfance. Le foyer devient le lieu où tout se joue. Cela reflète une évolution plus large quant aux enjeux sociaux et économiques en matière de formation linguistique des populations. Cette étude montre que l’Acadie comme communauté linguistique minoritaire, pensée parfois sur les questions de langue comme singulière, est inscrite dans un mouvement plus large où l’acquisition de compétences en lecture-écriture des populations est un enjeu pour le développement économique des États.
Examen critique d’une projection démographique de Charles Gaudreault : Charles Gaudreault, « The impact of immigration on local ethnic groups’ demographic representativeness: The case study of ethnic French Canadians in Quebec », Nations and Nationalism, vol. 26, 4, 2020, p. 923-942.
Authors: Paillé Michel
Published: April 2023

À la suite d’une projection de l’évolution de la population québécoise d’origine ethnique française couvrant huit décennies (1971-2050), l’auteur examine plus particulièrement les résultats obtenus par M. Charles Gaudreault pour la période rétrospective 1971-2014. À partir de ce que nous connaissons sur notre passé démographique récent, concernant notamment l’immigration internationale et la fécondité, il s’avère que Charles Gaudreault a nettement surestimé (de près de 40 %) la croissance de la population immigrée, de ses enfants et de ses descendants, et sous-estimé (de près de 7 %) la majorité d’origine ethnique française. Mystifié par une « loi de puissance » qui ne tient nul compte de la structure par âge de la population, M. Gaudreault a cru faire la démonstration que le déclin des Canadiens français ne s’expliquerait que par une « immigration de masse ». À l’aide des projections démographiques de l’Institut de la statistique du Québec, l’auteur de cette note critique démontre qu’il n’en est rien, bien que par ailleurs notre fécondité demeure insuffisante pour assurer le remplacement des générations.
La prostituée dans la nuit : étude de la presse à sensation au Québec, 1942-1960
Authors: Straw Will
Published: April 2023

Cet article examine la figure de la travailleuse du sexe telle qu’elle est représentée dans la culture imprimée à sensation du Québec des années 1940 et 1950. Il se concentre sur deux périodes successives de l’histoire de la culture imprimée québécoise : d’abord, la période 1942-1947, représentée par le périodique Police Journal, qui, à mi-chemin entre le journal et le magazine, propose un regard réformiste sur la moralité du Québec avec des reportages sensationnalistes sur la criminalité et le vice ; ensuite, les journaux jaunes des années 1950, qui exploitent, à des fins sensationnalistes, les transgressions de la légalité en matière de commerce sexuel. Dans le passage entre ces deux périodes et ces deux corpus, la figure de la prostituée urbaine évolue : elle est d’abord le symbole d’un problème d’hygiène sociale puis devient une figure criminelle génératrice de récits d’action individuelle et d’agentivité.
Migrating Metaphors: Why We Should Be Concerned About a ‘War on Mental Illness’ in the Aftermath of COVID-19
Authors: Sibbald Kaitlin
Published: April 2023

In the aftermath of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there is a predicted (and emerging) increase in experiences of mental illness. This phenomenon has been described as “the next pandemic”, suggesting that the concepts used to understand and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic are being transferred to conceptualize mental illness. The COVID-19 pandemic was, and continues to be, framed in public media using military metaphors, which can potentially migrate to conceptualizations of mental illness along with pandemic rhetoric. Given that metaphors shape what is considered justifiable action, and how we understand justice, I argue we have a moral responsibility to interrogate who benefits and who is harmed by the language and underlying conceptualizations this rhetoric legitimates. By exploring how military metaphors have been used in the context of COVID-19, I argue that this rhetoric has been used to justify ongoing harm to marginalized groups while further entrenching established systems of power. Given this history, I present what it may look like were military metaphors used to conceptualize a “mental illness pandemic”, what actions this might legitimate and render inconceivable, and who is likely to benefit and be harmed by such rhetorically justified actions.
Developing a New Clinical Ethics Framework for Rehab: A Pre-Implementation Evaluation from the Perspective of Future Users
Authors: Leblanc Line , Ménard Sophie , Maïano Christophe , Perron Louis , Baril Catherine , Ouellette-Hughes Nicole
Published: April 2023

Clinical ethics is widely recognised as an essential contribution to the quality of health and psychosocial service delivery. However, the lack of a common understanding of ethics within teams and insufficient organisational support often limits its optimal integration into the workplace. To address this problem, the clinical ethics committee of a rehabilitation centre developed a new clinical ethics framework based on a theoretical model and conducted a pre-implementation evaluation by interviewing future users. The study estimated the acceptability and initial adoption of the new clinical ethics framework. The quantitative results of the study indicated a high level of acceptability for the definitions, tools and supporting strategies, with the exception of the definition of the concept of ethical issues. The qualitative results showed that the future users perceived positively the attributes of the new framework, such as its benefits and its compatibility with their professional concerns. In addition, they appreciated the fact that the framework was easy to understand and could potentially be applied in daily practice. The suggestions provided by future users also helped to improve the content of the clinical ethics framework. Finally, all the results will be useful for the planification of its eventual implementation.
Bioéthique globale : une question d’aménagement du paysage social et intellectuel
Authors: Boudreau LeBlanc Antoine
Published: April 2023

La bioéthique potterienne joue un rôle proactif, lorsque mise en oeuvre en collaboration avec des équipes multidisciplinaires ayant le mandat d’opérationnaliser une politique publique, comme souligné dans la Revue canadienne de bioéthique en 2022, qui a publié en 2022 plusieurs articles sur la pensée de Van Rensselaer Potter, afin de souligner le 50e anniversaire de la première publication du terme bioéthique dans la littérature nord-américaine. Encore trop peu détaillée, cette perspective globale offre une réflexion critique sur la place, le rôle et l’impératif de la bioéthique à titre d’aménagement adaptatif de l’environnement ; et vise à accompagner les projets empiriques lors de l’opération de leurs visions scientifiques, politiques et publiques, parfois synergiques, d’autre fois conflictuelles. Pour préciser l’opérationnalisation de cette perspective globale de la bioéthique, il apparait intéressant de mobiliser les notions théoriques issues de la sociologie et de la philosophie des sciences, notamment le concept latourien de Forum hybride et celui de Paradigme associé à Thomas Kuhn. Pour illustrer ceci, l’argument mobilise le cas empirique d’un projet de conception d’un monitorage de l’utilisation des antibiotiques au Québec, Canada (2018-2022), et ouvre sur l’importance de prendre conscience du contexte (technologique, sociologique et anthropologique) afin d’approfondir et de poser des critiques constructives. Cet article dépeint une perspective alternative à l’acte de gouverner en proposant un processus proactif de gouvernance.
An Ethics-informed, Policy-based Approach to the Management of Challenges Posed by Living-at-Risk, Frequent Users of Emergency Departments
Authors: Kirby Jeffrey , Nielsen Lisbeth Witthoefft
Published: April 2023

The complex health and social circumstances of living-at-risk, frequent users of emergency departments (aREDFUs) in the health jurisdictions of high-income countries, and the related, significant challenges posed for emergency departments and the health care providers working within them, are identified and explored in the paper. Ethical analyses of a set of relevant domains are performed, i.e., individual and relational autonomy considerations, relevant social construction and personal responsibility conceptions, patient welfare principles (beneficence, nonmaleficence, continuity of care), harm reduction methodologies and their applications, health equity, and justice considerations of the distributive, formal and social types. The outcomes of these analyses demonstrate that there are ethically compelling reasons for emergency departments to adopt an ethics-informed, policy-based approach to the longitudinal care and management of living-at-risk, frequent users of emergency departments. From a formal justice perspective, the development and uses of such an approach are justified by a demonstrable relevant difference between living-at-risk, frequent users of emergency departments and other persons and groups of patients who visit emergency departments. We propose an example of such a policy-based approach. Examples of possible, pragmatic applications of this approach, which help ensure that aREDFUs who present to the ED are managed in a fair and optimally consistent manner, are provided for the consideration of an urban emergency department’s policymaking working group.
Frameworks and Practices in Bioethics
Authors: Dwyer James
Published: April 2023

I begin this essay with an autobiographical introduction to explain why I studied philosophy and how I came to work in bioethics. I then consider three ethical frameworks and practices that I adopted in my work in bioethics. I begin with the framework that John Rawls makes explicit, where the purpose of ethical theory is to set out aims and objectives to guide our responses to the world. Since this approach did not provide the guidance that I was looking for, I took up writing haiku as an ethical practice. I present here many examples of haiku that I wrote to pay attention to situations in life and bioethics. The hope was that paying attention would lead me to respond in better ways. Since this practice helped me more with attending than responding, I turned to a third framework. Here I explore John Dewey’s ethical framework. After characterizing this framework, I consider features that an associated practice needs to have. In a brief conclusion, I note some affinities between the second and third ethical approaches, and note that the last ethical framework adopted may just be the latest stage in trying out frameworks and practices.
Chronique du cinéma 1 : Tout s’est bien passé
Authors: Quintin Jacques , Plaat-Goasdoue Nathalie
Published: April 2023

Commentaire sur le film, Tout s’est bien passé, de François Ozon qui raconte l’histoire d’une personne qui veut se prévaloir de son souhait de mourir dans le contexte du suicide assisté/euthanasie. L’action se déroule en France et montre les impacts sur les proches.
The Invisibility of the Asian American Identity in North American Bioethics
Authors: Huerne Katherine
Published: April 2023

This Perspective sheds light on the major barriers behind Asian American invisibility in bioethics, such as the inconsistencies in defining a coherent identity in North American society, the systemic mechanisms of invisibility from history to healthcare based on immigration status, and scarcity of bioethics literature about their perspectives. The consequences of Asian American invisibility in bioethics and healthcare practises are also discussed, including a reflection of the interconnected mechanisms between academic bioethical theory and healthcare practises that perpetuate Asian American invisibility. Finally, recommendations are provided to begin a critical reflection of bioethical theory with Asian Americans in mind. This serves as the stepping-stone for future discussions on Asian American bioethics, to highlight a missing perspective in North American race-based activism regarding the equity, diversity, and inclusion of an underrepresented demographic.
Respect for Patient Confidentiality Must Not Be Dependent Upon a Fee: The Case of Adolescents’ Access to Contraceptives in Ontario
Authors: Brisson Julien
Published: April 2023

In Ontario, adolescents can be confidentially prescribed contraceptives. However, some adolescents must pay pharmacies to have their confidentiality respected when it comes to contraceptives; if their parents’ private insurance plan covers them, the adolescent has to pay out of pocket to be given contraceptive in a confidential manner. It is unethical to make anyone pay to have their confidentiality respected, particularly for a vulnerable population like adolescents who tend to be economically disadvantaged.
Mesurer et anticiper un risque de pénurie enseignante : le cas de la Suisse
Authors: Wentzel Bernard
Published: April 2023

Le risque d’un manque de personnel enseignant préoccupe fortement les autorités publiques de nombreux pays. Ces préoccupations se sont accentuées depuis une quinzaine d’années, notamment avec la perspective de devoir remplacer les départs à la retraite de la génération des baby-boomers. Il ne suffit pas de décréter la formation d’un nombre plus important de membres du personnel enseignant pendant une période donnée pour en assurer le renouvellement, préserver la qualité d’un système éducatif et assurer l’égalité des chances à l’école. Cet article a pour objectif principal de contribuer à une analyse de la gestion politique du risque de pénurie enseignante en Suisse à partir des années 2000. Des composantes d’un modèle d’analyse de l’action publique dans le domaine de l’éducation développé et enrichi au fil de nos travaux de recherche sont utilisées pour mesurer les statistiques de cette période. Après avoir apporté quelques clarifications conceptuelles autour du phénomène de pénurie dans une première partie, nous présenterons les éléments du modèle d’analyse de l’action publique retenus. Enfin, nous rendrons compte de nos analyses documentaires portant sur la gestion publique de la pénurie enseignante en Suisse.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of non-dermatologist health care personnel regarding scabies in Lomé (Togo)
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, CHU Lome. Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lomé, Togo, Teclessou Julienne , Lowa Pissohou ,   Department of Dermatology, CHU Lome. Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lomé, Togo, Kombate Koussake ,   Department of Dermatology, CHU Lome. Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lomé, Togo
Published: April 2023

Background: : The aim of this study was to document the knowledge, attitudes and practices of non-dermatologist health care workers on scabies. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study among non-dermatologist health workers in public and private health facilities in the city of Lomé. Result: Of the 163 health workers included, 90.8% had a good knowledge of the definition of scabies; and the contributing factors (lack of hygiene, promiscuity) were known by 64.4% of the respondents. Pruritus was known as a major functional sign (92.6%) and the most cited sites of scabies lesions were the interdigital spaces (76.7%) and the buttocks (62.0%). In addition, 83.4% had already diagnosed and managed a case of scabies at least once. Topical scabicides were the most prescribed (86.5%), followed by antihistamines (54.6%); and 39.6% of respondents did not treat the patient’s environment. Conclusion: The knowledge, attitudes and practices of non-dermatologist health care personnel on scabies are low. It is important to organize continuing medical education to bring them up to speed. Key words: knowledge, attitudes, practices, non-dermatologist health care personnel, scabies
Giant cavernous hemangioma in an adults leg mimicking a melanoma
Authors:   Department of Dermatology and Venereology, CHU Ibn Rochd, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco, Marmech Cyrine , Hali Fouzia , Marnissi Farida ,   Department of Dermatology and Venereology, CHU Ibn Rochd, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco,   Department of Pathological Anatomy CHU Casablanca Morocco
Published: April 2023

Hemangioma can be misdiagnosed. In our case the lesion was suggestive of a melanoma of the leg in a young patient. Indeed, the location of hemangioma in the limb is extremely rare and the and the literature most often reports the location of the upper limb. The largest hemangioma described was 10 cm in diameter In our patient, the size was 5.5×5 cm which makes our case interesting. In our case, the appearance, location and evolutionary history of the lesion were mistaken for a melanoma. Cavernous hemangioma is a rare, malformation that is difficult to diagnose. It is most of deep localization, namely the nervous system, the bone and the muscle. We report a case of a giant hemangioma of the leg mimicking a melanoma. Key words: Cavernous hemangioma; Giant hemangioma; Limb hemangioma
Biological brain age prediction using machine learning on structural neuroimaging data: Multi-cohort validation against biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease and neurodegeneration stratified by sex
Authors: Cumplido-Mayoral Irene , García-Prat Marina , Operto Grégory , Falcon Carles , Shekari Mahnaz , Cacciaglia Raffaele , Milà-Alomà Marta , Lorenzini Luigi , Ingala Silvia , Meije Wink Alle , Mutsaerts Henk JMM , Minguillón Carolina , Fauria Karine , Molinuevo José Luis , Haller Sven , Chetelat Gael , Waldman Adam , Schwarz Adam J , Barkhof Frederik , Suridjan Ivonne , Kollmorgen Gwendlyn , Bayfield Anna , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Suárez-Calvet Marc , Vilaplana Verónica , Gispert Juan Domingo ,   ALFA study,   EPAD study,   ADNI study,   OASIS study
Published: April 2023

Brain-age can be inferred from structural neuroimaging and compared to chronological age (brain-age delta) as a marker of biological brain aging. Accelerated aging has been found in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but its validation against markers of neurodegeneration and AD is lacking. Here, imaging-derived measures from the UK Biobank dataset (N=22,661) were used to predict brain-age in 2,314 cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals at higher risk of AD and mild cognitive impaired (MCI) patients from four independent cohorts with available biomarker data: ALFA+, ADNI, EPAD, and OASIS. Brain-age delta was associated with abnormal amyloid-β, more advanced stages (AT) of AD pathology and APOE-ε4 status. Brain-age delta was positively associated with plasma neurofilament light, a marker of neurodegeneration, and sex differences in the brain effects of this marker were found. These results validate brain-age delta as a non-invasive marker of biological brain aging in non-demented individuals with abnormal levels of biomarkers of AD and axonal injury.
Mechanical basis and topological routes to cell elimination
Authors: Monfared Siavash , Ravichandran Guruswami , Andrade José , Doostmohammadi Amin
Published: April 2023

Cell layers eliminate unwanted cells through the extrusion process, which underlines healthy versus flawed tissue behaviors. Although several biochemical pathways have been identified, the underlying mechanical basis including the forces involved in cellular extrusion remains largely unexplored. Utilizing a phase-field model of a three-dimensional cell layer, we study the interplay of cell extrusion with cell–cell and cell–substrate interactions in a flat monolayer. Independent tuning of cell–cell versus cell–substrate adhesion forces reveals that extrusion events can be distinctly linked to defects in nematic and hexatic orders associated with cellular arrangements. Specifically, we show that by increasing relative cell–cell adhesion forces the cell monolayer can switch between the collective tendency towards fivefold, hexatic, disclinations relative to half-integer, nematic, defects for extruding a cell. We unify our findings by accessing three-dimensional mechanical stress fields to show that an extrusion event acts as a mechanism to relieve localized stress concentration.
BUB-1 and CENP-C recruit PLK-1 to control chromosome alignment and segregation during meiosis I in C. elegans oocytes
Authors: Taylor Samuel JP , Bel Borja Laura , Soubigou Flavie , Houston Jack , Cheerambathur Dhanya K , Pelisch Federico
Published: April 2023

Phosphorylation is a key post-translational modification that is utilised in many biological processes for the rapid and reversible regulation of protein localisation and activity. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) is essential for both mitotic and meiotic cell divisions, with key functions being conserved in eukaryotes. The roles and regulation of PLK-1 during mitosis have been well characterised. However, the discrete roles and regulation of PLK-1 during meiosis have remained obscure. Here, we used Caenorhabditis elegans oocytes to show that PLK-1 plays distinct roles in meiotic spindle assembly and/or stability, chromosome alignment and segregation, and polar body extrusion during meiosis I. Furthermore, by a combination of live imaging and biochemical analysis we identified the chromosomal recruitment mechanisms of PLK-1 during C. elegans oocyte meiosis. The spindle assembly checkpoint kinase BUB-1 directly recruits PLK-1 to the kinetochore and midbivalent while the chromosome arm population of PLK-1 depends on a direct interaction with the centromeric-associated protein CENP-CHCP-4. We found that perturbing both BUB-1 and CENP-CHCP-4 recruitment of PLK-1 leads to severe meiotic defects, resulting in highly aneuploid oocytes. Overall, our results shed light on the roles played by PLK-1 during oocyte meiosis and provide a mechanistic understanding of PLK-1 targeting to meiotic chromosomes.
Ventral striatum dopamine release encodes unique properties of visual stimuli in mice
Authors: Gonzalez L Sofia , Fisher Austen A , D'Souza Shane P , Cotella Evelin M , Lang Richard A , Robinson J Elliott
Published: April 2023

The mesolimbic dopamine system is an evolutionarily conserved set of brain circuits that play a role in attention, appetitive behavior, and reward processing. In this circuitry, ascending dopaminergic projections from the ventral midbrain innervate targets throughout the limbic forebrain, such as the ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens (NAc). Dopaminergic signaling in the NAc has been widely studied for its role in behavioral reinforcement, reward prediction error encoding, and motivational salience. Less well characterized is the role of dopaminergic neurotransmission in the response to surprising or alerting sensory events. To address this, we used the genetically encoded dopamine sensor dLight1 and fiber photometry to explore the ability of striatal dopamine release to encode the properties of salient sensory stimuli in mice, such as threatening looming discs. Here, we report that lateral NAc (LNAc) dopamine release encodes the rate and magnitude of environmental luminance changes rather than the visual stimulus threat level. This encoding is highly sensitive, as LNAc dopamine could be evoked by light intensities that were imperceptible to human experimenters. We also found that light-evoked dopamine responses are wavelength-dependent at low irradiances, independent of the circadian cycle, robust to previous exposure history, and involve multiple phototransduction pathways. Thus, we have further elaborated the mesolimbic dopamine system’s ability to encode visual information in mice, which is likely relevant to a wide body of scientists employing light sources or optical methods in behavioral research involving rodents.
Global change in brain state during spontaneous and forced walk in Drosophila is composed of combined activity patterns of different neuron classes
Authors: Aimon Sophie , Cheng Karen Y , Gjorgjieva Julijana , Grunwald Kadow Ilona C
Published: April 2023

Movement-correlated brain activity has been found across species and brain regions. Here, we used fast whole brain lightfield imaging in adult Drosophila to investigate the relationship between walk and brain-wide neuronal activity. We observed a global change in activity that tightly correlated with spontaneous bouts of walk. While imaging specific sets of excitatory, inhibitory, and neuromodulatory neurons highlighted their joint contribution, spatial heterogeneity in walk- and turning-induced activity allowed parsing unique responses from subregions and sometimes individual candidate neurons. For example, previously uncharacterized serotonergic neurons were inhibited during walk. While activity onset in some areas preceded walk onset exclusively in spontaneously walking animals, spontaneous and forced walk elicited similar activity in most brain regions. These data suggest a major contribution of walk and walk-related sensory or proprioceptive information to global activity of all major neuronal classes.
Boosting in the age of Omicron
Authors: Sigal Alex
Published: April 2023

A third dose of the inactivated vaccine CoronaVac fails to stimulate the production of neutralizing antibodies which target the Omicron variant.
ECAsT: a large dataset for conversational search and an evaluation of metric robustness
Authors: Al-Thani Haya , Jansen Bernard J. , Elsayed Tamer
Published: April 2023

The Text REtrieval Conference Conversational assistance track (CAsT) is an annual conversational passage retrieval challenge to create a large-scale open-domain conversational search benchmarking. However, as of yet, the datasets used are small, with just more than 1,000 turns and 100 conversation topics. In the first part of this research, we address the dataset limitation by building a much larger novel multi-turn conversation dataset for conversation search benchmarking called Expanded-CAsT (ECAsT). ECAsT is built using a multi-stage solution that uses a combination of conversational query reformulation and neural paraphrasing and also includes a new model to create multi-turn paraphrases. The meaning and diversity of paraphrases are evaluated with human and automatic evaluation. Using this methodology, we produce and release to the research community a conversational search dataset that is 665% more extensive in terms of size and language diversity than is available at the time of this study, with more than 9,200 turns. The augmented dataset not only provides more data but also more language diversity to improve conversational search neural model training and testing. In the second part of the research, we use ECAsT to assess the robustness of traditional metrics for conversational evaluation used in CAsT and identify its bias toward language diversity. Results show the benefits of adding language diversity for improving the collection of pooled passages and reducing evaluation bias. We found that introducing language diversity via paraphrases returned up to 24% new passages compared to only 2% using CAsT baseline.
Pedagogical Practices and Pupils’ Academic Performance in Primary Schools in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Mjasambu Esther Charles , J. Mtana Noah
Published: April 2023

Our paper investigated the contribution of pedagogical practices on pupils’ academic performance in primary schools in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. We employed a qualitative approach and conducted the study in three public and three private primary schools, with a total of 60 respondents. Primary data were gathered through interviews, focus group discussions, and classroom observations. We used content analysis to analyze the data and develop themes and sub-themes. The results show that public and private school teachers differ in their approach to pedagogical practices, resulting in variations in academic performance. We conclude that effective pedagogical practices can significantly impact pupils' academic performance and suggest that teachers receive proper training and support to implement these practices. Therefore, our study emphasizes the importance of effective pedagogical practices in achieving good  academic performance and underscores the need for teacher training and support to facilitate these practices.
Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil around Metal Scrap Recycling Areas during Wet and Dry Seasons in Ogijo, Ogun State, SW Nigeria
Authors: Onanuga K. , Maitera O. N. , Milam C. , Olajire H. M. , Daniel V. N.
Published: April 2023

Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate the levels and risks associated with heavy metals in the soil samples collected during the dry and wet seasons around metal scrap recycling areas in Ogijo, Ogun State.

Study Design: The soil samples were collected randomly within the industries and communities in the vicinity of the scrap metal recycling industries (SMRI) and analyzed with XRF.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Ogijo in Sagamu Local Government Area, Ogun State, located within Southwestern Nigeria. The soil samples were collected in dry and wet seasons (5th to 7th March and 24th to 25th September 2020 respectively.

Methodology: Soil samples within the industries and communities in the vicinity of the SMR were collected randomly, dried, and then sieved through a 2mm mesh stainless sieve. The sieved sample was analyzed for heavy metal concentration by using S2 Ranger, and Bruker UKX-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy techniques (XRF).

Results: The results of the analyzed soil showed that the range of concentrations of heavy metals in the soil samples collected during dry season were: Fe (40100 - 87300 mg/kg); Mn (400 - 3500 mg/kg); Zn (600 -1300 mg/kg); Pb (400 - 1000 mg/kg) and during wet season: Fe (26100 -82700); Mn (500- 4200) mg/kg. Zn (600 – 1300) mg/kg; and Pb were only detected in S3 sample (600mg/kg). The results of the heavy metals were found to exceed the WHO permissible limits of heavy metals. Contamination index, degree of contamination, and pollution load indices indicated slight contamination to excessive pollution, very high risk of the degree of contamination, and extremely polluted soils respectively. The geo-accumulation index was uncontaminated to moderate contamination (0<Igeo≤1) with different metals at different locations that were not detected and with all the detected Zn concentrations (except at S1) to extreme contamination (Igeo≥5).Heavy metal enrichment during both dry and wet seasons ranged from background rank (EF ≤ 1) to moderate enrichment. Eri values ranged from low (Eri) <40) to moderate ecological risk (Eri > 80) with all the risk indices of the locations low (RI <150). The cumulative non-carcinogenic, health index (HI) for ingestion and dermal for soil during the dry season were all above 1 indicating non - carcinogenic health concerns for the residents of the study areas as they recorded higher values. The CRI was far above the acceptable limit indicating that residents in S3 during the wet season and S2 and S9 during the dry season have the probability of contracting cancer through ingestion within the life time of 70 years.

Conclusion: The results of pollution indices show that the quality of soil in the study entirely deteriorated with respect to the DPR background. This indicates that the soil could not be used for any agricultural or domestic purposes.
Determination of Nickel in Selected Surface Waters of the Bonaberi Industrial Zone, Douala IV Council, Littoral Cameroon
Authors: Peter Nkwenti , Marie Etame Loe Gisele , Joel Ndzobo Ndzana Emmanuel , Nga Nnanga , Ntum Bih Larrisse
Published: April 2023

Aims: To assess the source and level of Nickel in selected surface waters and its impact on the community of the Bonaberi industrial zone.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study design that involved semi-quantitative and qualitative data collection method.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the area of Bonaberi industrial zone, Douala IV district between February 2019 to August 2020.

Methodology: 25 Different surface water samples were collected from 5 sampling sites. Water samples were collected in polyethylene bottles previously washed with deionized water and rinsed with sample to be collected from different sites and acidified with 5 ml concentrated nitric acid. The contents of the metal were analyzed using Colorimetric merck microquant procedure. Two way ANOVA test and a P-value (<0.05) was considered significant.

Results: Spring Water had a significant concentration of nickel in the various sites (0.06 mg/L), industrial waste (0.05 mg/L), River (0.04 mg/L), Well (0.03 mg/L), Tap waters (0.02 mg/L).

Conclusion: Nickel is one of the most toxic naturally occurring metal(s) that is very dangerous to environmental sustainability when present in high concentrations. The study justifies the need to ascertain the long-term effects of Nickel contaminant(s) at waste dumping sites. Strengthening waste management systems and water quality monitoring should be implemented in the watersheds to minimize the health effects and deterioration of the aquatic ecosystem. Adequate measures should be taken to educate the community on heavy metals pollution on surface water and their effects to health and environment.
The International Energy Agency and its Role in the Global Oil Market
Authors: Jumaah Abbas Ali , Majeed Dr. Hussein Shanawa
Published: April 2023

The energy is very essential way to fulfill man various need. It is the main nerve for economical and industrial development. Since the beginning of the world and most war that man made through history is to invade the new energy and develop it. Coal is the oldest source of energy and was exploit in economic way during industrial evolution since the beginning of eighteenth century in Britain. The share of coal was dominated the total world consumption of energy so nineteenth century was called coal century.However, the second half of nineteenth century witnessed emerge a new source of energy was called oil. Which that mean begin a new age of capitalism conflict of obsession on oil field that concentrated in the middle east especially Arab Gulf countries. Each of it want to secure their need of crude oil and fighting with each other to control oil sources.Great capitalism countries especially Britain, United States of America, and France managed to dominate international oil industry by utilize oil and getting their oil companies enormous income. Since the beginning of second half of twentieth century large company oil was emerged especially (seven sister) in the international oil market and middle East region as the largest monopolistic organization on international level.
An Employing Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), Probability Sensitivity and Specificity to Determine Significant Influencers
Authors: Zaki Azzah Hazem
Published: April 2023

Estimates may be susceptible to uncertainty in the sensitivity and specificity of the test when determining the existence of a challenge. Bayesian inference is a logical method of propagating these uncertainties, whereas hierarchical modelling captures the variation of these parameters across experiments. These two techniques are employed in conjunction with Bayesian inference. Statistic adjustments cannot compensate for selection bias in a sample without making significant assumptions; however, multilevel regression and poststratification can at least account for known differences between models. Finding essential drivers in regression modelling through the use of Bayesian sensitivity-specificity and the receiver-employing feature is recommended in this paper, and findings that are easily interpretable are obtained as a result. The results of numerical evaluations of various methodologies indicate that this approach may help implement the principles of statistical modelling and assessment, thereby aiding scientists and executives in the process of making meaningful decisions.
Migração, seleção e diferenciais de rendimentos do trabalho em Pernambuco – 2000 / 2010
Authors: Da Silva Filho Luís Abel , Vieira dos Santos Reili Amon-Há
Published: April 2023

A migração do capital humano é amplamente estudada na literatura internacional e nacional. A busca por trabalho e/ou melhores condições de trabalho é um dos principais determinantes da dinâmica migratória da força de trabalho. Nestes aspectos, este artigo pretende analisar a hipótese de seleção positiva migratória nos fluxos intermunicipais no estado de Pernambuco. Recorre-se ao modelo de Heckman em dois estágios, com correção de viés de seleção amostral e a decomposição dos diferenciais de rendimentos do trabalho entre migrantes e não migrantes, a partir da construção de contrafactuais na equação de rendimentos. Os resultados mostram que o migrante intermunicipal pernambucano é positivamente selecionado. Ou seja, há características não observáveis que os tornam positivamente selecionados à migração. Além disso, as características socioeconômicas e demográficas dos migrantes afetam nos diferenciais de rendimentos dos migrantes intermunicipais do Estado. Outrossim, tanto as características observáveis quanto as não observáveis corroboram diferenciais de rendimentos em favor dos migrantes intermunicipais pernambucanos.