bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФОТОН
Authors: Нарожний А. М.
Published: February 2025

A photon is considered as a particle of electromagnetic radiation of stars. An attempt is made to primitively represent the process of organizing a “particle-antiparticle” pair of two photons on opposite courses. In this case, the simplest geometric images and the same physical interpretations of the resulting visual “constructions” are used. A simple procedure for organizing the electric and magnetic fields in the resulting “particle” leads to the presence of a non-electromagnetic component in the photon. At the same time, the energy of such a component of the photon makes up the largest part of its total energy. In addition, the result obtained indicates the possible existence of “dark” photons that do not have an electromagnetic part at all. In this whole mechanism of organizing a “particle-antiparticle” pair, a fine-structure constant is formed. Within the framework of the analyzed model, this fundamental constant turns out to be equal to the ratio of the energy of the electric component of the initial quantum to the total energy. Given the equality of magnetic and electric energies in the initial photon, the ratio of the total electromagnetic energy of a photon to its initial energy is equal to twice the value of this constant. The reasons for the possible involvement of the "dark" component of the photon's matter in the organization of the muon are indicated. The presence of a dark component of photons and the existence of photons without electromagnetic components can change the model of the burnout of light elements in stars. In addition to the above, a change in the model of the exchange of matter and energy between stars and vacuum structures is possible. It is assumed that dark hypothetical photons can combine into pairs in the low-frequency region, as was previously assumed for ordinary photons. The presence of dark photons should lead to the presence of large cloud clusters of these particles, both near galaxies and their clusters, and among stars.
Filosofía mexicana. En sus hombres y en sus textos
Authors: Ibargüengoitia Antillón Jorge
Published: February 2025

En esta obra, José Vasconcelos, Antonio Caso, Samuel Ramos, Leopoldo Zea y otros presentan ante el mundo occidental un México distinto que está ahí en la obra de sus filósofos y educadores. Nunca se había notado tanto entusiasmo por acercarse a los estudios de filosofía, por lo que su autor, Antonio Ibargüengoitia, propone en este libro que sea un principio de algo que habrá que ir perfeccionando cada vez con nuevos personajes y nuevos datos.
Ensayos completos
Authors: De Montaigne Michel Eyquem
Published: February 2025

Durante más de un milenio, del siglo V al XVI, los intelectuales que querían transmitir sus ideas lo hacían por medio de tratados y artículos, blindados en sus afirmaciones o negaciones, y abarcaban o agotaban temas completos. En cambio, en la época del Renacimiento surgieron filósofos y escritores como Michel de Montaigne, considerado fundador del género del ensayo: un escrito abierto a la conversación. Ensayos sobre la tristeza, el alma, la ociosidad, el miedo, los mentirosos y muchos temas más están reunidos en esta obra, en la cual el autor transparenta sus intenciones y conversa con sus lectores.
Los sentidos y el comportamiento alimentario: Implicaciones de la discapacidad sensorial
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Arteaga Flores Carlos Emiliano , Saenz-Pardo-Reyes Erika ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, López Salido Sofía Cecilia ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Romero Cortés Ana Lilia ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Published: February 2025

El comportamiento alimentario es un fenómeno complejo que resulta de la interacción de nuestro organismo para hacerle frente al ambiente alimentario que nos rodea o que se podría presentar o no en un tiempo cercano. Es a través de lo que vemos, oímos, tocamos, saboreamos y olemos que podemos captar las señales necesarias para ejecutar conductas públicas o privadas que aseguraran que consigamos responder a necesidades biológicas como el hambre, cumplamos con normas sociales establecidas y no escritas y satisfagamos alguna necesidad emocional. Cuando se compromete alguno de los sentidos, es seguro que tendrá una repercusión en nuestra vida diaria y en cómo nos alimentamos. Este escrito es una perspectiva que pretende dar foco a las implicaciones en el comportamiento alimentario de las personas cuando se vive con una discapacidad sensorial.
Innovative Leadership in Driving Organizational Innovation and Performance A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Nugroho Heru , Riyadi Selamet , Lestari Setyani Dwi , Mudjijah Slamet
Published: February 2025

This systematic literature review examines the role of innovative leadership in fostering organizational innovation and enhancing performance. Using the PRISMA framework, 131 relevant studies from 2015 to 2024 were analysed to explore the relationships between leadership styles, innovation processes, and organizational outcomes. The results highlight that transformational and creative leadership are pivotal in cultivating a culture of innovation by promoting knowledge sharing, employee engagement, and strategic adaptability. These leadership styles enable organizations to respond effectively to dynamic market demands and emerging challenges, such as digital transformation and sustainability. The study also emphasizes the importance of innovative leadership in achieving organizational performance by aligning strategies with innovation goals and improving overall adaptability. Emerging themes, including digital transformation, sustainability, and entrepreneurial leadership, illustrate the evolving demands placed on leaders in modern contexts. This review bridges gaps in the existing literature by providing a comprehensive synthesis of the impact of innovative leadership on both innovation and performance, while identifying key areas for future research. The findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of innovative leadership and offer practical insights for organizations seeking to thrive in competitive and fast-changing environments.
Synergy of Energy Efficiency and Industry 4.0 in the Post-War Modernization of Ukraine
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Sydorenko Oleksandr M.
Published: February 2025

The article is aimed at substantiating the strategic importance and practical mechanisms of synergy between energy efficiency and Industry 4.0 in the post-war modernization of Ukraine. The prospects for the use of AI technologies, cloud computing, big data, industrial Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems and their impact on reducing energy consumption, improving performance indicators and increasing the level of energy security are considered. It is proved that the combination of energy-efficient solutions with digital platforms and resource management systems contributes to the formation of transparent and reliable production processes, which are characterized by a noticeable reduction in negative impact on the environment. The importance of the transition to renewable energy sources is emphasized, as their integration into industry and the utility sector can be strengthened by digital tools for tracking and forecasting consumption indicators, which helps to shape efficient business models and accelerate post-war modernization. As a result of the study, it is found that the synergy of energy efficiency and Industry 4.0 acts as a catalyst for sustainable development, as it allows you to simultaneously reduce energy costs, limit greenhouse gas emissions and open up new areas of attracting investments. It is substantiated that the introduction of 5G technologies, satellite Internet, unmanned systems and solutions based on virtual and augmented reality complements the digital potential, especially in the context of large-scale infrastructure destruction and the need for rapid recovery. A matrix of the impact of Industry 4.0 on energy efficiency and sustainable development is built, proposing a practical tool for analyzing and prioritizing technologies that have the biggest potential for the development of energy efficiency, and allowing for determining strategic directions for investments. Prospects for further research are the development of integrated models for the implementation of energy-efficient solutions with the maximum use of digital technologies and the determination of optimal interaction between the public and private sectors. At the conceptual level, it is advisable to deepen the study of the economic efficiency of the use of Industry 4.0 tools, as well as the mechanisms for their stimulation through the relevant legislative and financial instruments. The implementation of such measures will make it possible to strengthen national competitiveness, increase social and environmental sustainability, as well as accelerate Ukraine’s integration into the global processes of forming a smart economy and ensuring energy security.
Innovative Approaches to Regional Development: The Conception of the «Digital City»
Authors:   State Tax University, Pizhuk Olha I. , Plakhotnyuk Volodymyr V. ,   State Tax University
Published: February 2025

The article explores the conception of the "Digital City" as a tool for ensuring sustainable regional development. The article examines the key components of the system and the impact of digitalization on quality of life, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. The relevance of implementing this model in Ukraine, considering international experience, is emphasized. The article aims to investigate approaches to ensuring the socioeconomic well-being of regions through the integration of digital systems into regional development processes. The article employs a multidisciplinary approach, including an analysis of international experience in implementing digital cities (Barcelona, Singapore, Tallinn), a comparative analysis of their approaches and practices, and an assessment of Ukraine’s readiness for digitalization based on the case of the "Diia" mobile application. Methods of comparative analysis, systematization, and forecasting are applied to identify the key components of the "Digital City" and the pathways for its implementation. The study concludes that the "Digital City" conception promotes the integration of modern technologies into administration processes and improves the urban environment. It demonstrates that international experience is valuable for developing digital platforms in Ukraine, particularly in addressing challenges such as uneven regional development, low transparency in governance, and digital inequality. Recommendations are proposed for the phased implementation of this conception in Ukraine through the expansion of the "Diia" application’s functionality and the integration of digital platforms into transport, energy, ecology, and administrative services. The research encompasses international experiences with the implementation of the digital city conception, the specific local challenges in Ukraine, and ways to adapt these models. Further studies could focus on detailing methodologies for integrating digital solutions into specific sectors (transport, energy, social services) and minimizing digital inequality among regions.
The Comprehensive-Adaptive Approach to the Innovative Development of the Enterprise in the Current Trends of Digitalization through the Interaction of External and Internal Factors
Authors:   State University «Kyiv Aviation Institute», Arefieva Olena V. , Dolzhenko Dmytro Yu. ,   State University «Kyiv Aviation Institute»
Published: February 2025

The article examines the innovative development of an enterprise as a key factor in its long-term success and competitiveness in the context of digitalization and dynamic market changes. It identifies that modern trends in technological progress, globalization, increasing competition, and changes in the regulatory environment create new challenges and opportunities for businesses. A comprehensive adaptive approach to innovative development is proposed, based on the analysis of the interaction between external and internal factors, including the digitalization of internal processes and adaptation to external digital transitions. The study highlights major external factors such as economic conditions, technological changes, regulatory and legal constraints, sociocultural aspects, and the competitive environment, which are beyond the direct control of the enterprise but have a significant impact on its activities. Internal factors such as organizational culture, financial resources, intellectual capital, technological base, and management structure are identified as shaping the enterprise's potential for innovation. Among the external factors, economic conditions, technological changes, regulatory environment, sociocultural influences and competitive dynamics are allocated. Internal factors include organizational culture, financial resources, intellectual capital, managerial structure and technological base. Emphasis is placed on the need to develop effective mechanisms for monitoring the external environment, establishing strategic partnerships, and implementing innovative solutions to adapt to changes and enhance the enterprise's flexibility. A schematic model of interaction is presented, illustrating management mechanisms that enable effective responses to changing market conditions and support innovative activity. The article also emphasizes the importance of monitoring the external environment, forming strategic partnerships, and developing internal potential to ensure the competitiveness of the enterprise. Particular attention is paid to the integration of digital innovations at all levels of management to ensure the balanced development of the enterprise's functional areas. The role of motivational systems in supporting an innovative culture, staff development, and the implementation of technological innovations that enhance the enterprise's competitiveness is highlighted. The article underscores the significance of a comprehensive approach that combines external influences and internal capabilities to create conditions for sustainable growth and effective business process management.
universidad como agente de innovación social
Authors: Parga Montoya Neftalí , Montiel González Karina
Published: February 2025

El papel de la formación universitaria para la mejora de las sociedades actuales y futuras se patenta en la motivación de los educandos para participar en la solución de los problemas que aquejan a su entorno inmediato. El emprendimiento social, la innovación social, así como la gesta de la conciencia social representan las herramientas necesarias para que los profesionales del futuro se conviertan en agentes de cambio. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo vislumbrar el vínculo entre la universidad y la innovación social de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes. Los resultados mostraron ser significativos, lo que implica que las actividades, recursos y formación de los programas educativos tienen injerencia en la capacidad de las y los estudiantes para resolver problemas de la sociedad de forma creativa e innovadora.
inteligencia artificial como herramienta educativa
Authors: Millán Gutiérrez Sergio Guillermo
Published: February 2025

La inteligencia artificial (IA) está transformando radicalmente la educación, ofreciendo herramientas personalizadas para optimizar el aprendizaje. Al analizar grandes volúmenes de datos, la IA permite identificar las fortalezas y debilidades de cada estudiante, adaptando los contenidos y las estrategias de enseñanza de manera individualizada. Esto se traduce en diagnósticos precisos de dificultades de aprendizaje, la creación de planes educativos personalizados y la evaluación continua del progreso. Además, la IA automatiza tareas repetitivas, liberando tiempo a los docentes para enfocarse en actividades de mayor valor agregado, como la evaluación cualitativa y el acompañamiento personalizado. Sin embargo, su implementación plantea desafíos como la capacitación docente, la brecha digital y preocupaciones éticas relacionadas con la privacidad y la equidad. Es fundamental abordar estos retos para garantizar un uso responsable y equitativo de la IA en la educación, maximizando su potencial para mejorar los resultados académicos y la experiencia de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
Clinical Profile of Influenza viral illness - A Recent Observation in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md  Sultan , Rahman Md  Saifur , Karim Md  Rasedul , Matin Md  Abdul
Published: February 2025

Background: Influenza pandemic is the most serious illness human civilization ever faced regarding morbidity & mortality. The recent outbreak of influenza pandemic (June, 2009) worldwide lead to influenza surveillance study in different countries sponsored by WHO with a view to control any further epidemic or pandemic outbreak of the disease. As a part of nationwide influenza surveillance study we are studying the clinical profile of influenza viral illness among persons seeking care at Dhaka National Medical College Hospital.
Methodology: It was a prospective study form June 2007 to March 2015 in 1527 patients who were hospitalized with cough & difficult breathing and those who seeked out-patien department care for fever with sore throat or cough were included as case in our study.
Result: Between June 2007 to March 2015 we collected specimen from 1527 cases and tested for influenza virus in the microbiology laboratory of ICDDR,B Dhaka. 224 cases were positive for influenza virus (15% ), Influenza A and influenza B viral illness was 134 (60%) & 90 (40%) respectively. Fever was the most common complaint in all influenza cases; cough, runny nose and difficulty in respiration were also frequently encountered. Headache, bodyache & sore throat were also presenting feature.
J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2017; 23 (02): 16-18
Reading Adrift: At the Beach with David Wills
Authors: Grech Marija
Published: February 2025

This article takes as its provocation the claim that reading is ‘adrift on an ocean’ as it sets out to find and to follow the sea in David Wills’s work. Engaging with Prosthesis and Dorsality, it explores the significance of thinking about reading in relation to the sea while also examining what it might mean to ‘read’ the sea itself. Performing its own prosthetic drift, it moves through Wills’s work into other texts and contexts, drawing on the writings of Italo Calvino and engaging with traditional practices of oceanic wayfinding to argue that if the sea is to be ‘read’ then it should be read as a language; as a language that is always already prosthetic, and through a reading that is always already adrift.
The Wasted Career of an Eastern Clergyman in Italy: Timothy Karnuk (Timoteo Agnellini), Syriac Catholic Archbishop of Mardin*
Authors: Heyberger Bernard
Published: February 2025

This chapter offers a biography of a colourful and extraordinary individual, who pursued all the avenues available to an Eastern Christian ecclesiastic in early modern Europe: trying to earn a living through Orientalism, devoting himself to trade with his compatriots, and seeking the patronage of the Roman Curia. The story of his failure reveals how difficult the path of integration was for an outsider, but also explains much about Roman prejudices and misunderstandings toward the Christian East during the seventeenth century.
The Westernisation and Confessionalisation of Christians in the Middle East: An ‘Entangled History’ (‘ Histoire Croisée ’) 1
Authors: Heyberger Bernard
Published: February 2025

Rejecting both an essentialist historiography and an analysis that excludes religious factors, this article suggests a connected history of Eastern Christians and the West. The segmentation of Middle Eastern societies made them susceptible to penetration by external actors, and could be exploited in local conflicts, especially in relation to the West. The ‘discovery’ of Eastern Christians by Western Christians chiefly led to observations of ‘abuses’ within Eastern Christianity, and the perceived need to reform them. This reform was carried out mainly through education, which ultimately set Catholics apart from the rest of Middle Eastern society. This Catholic influence also helped to strengthen and legitimize local ecclesiastical powers. However, these innovations were met with local confrontation and opposition. Adherence to Catholicism and certain cultural innovations offered new opportunities and agency within societies based on lineage, clan, or clientelism.
Individualism and Political Modernity: Devout Catholic Women in Aleppo and Mount Lebanon between the Seventeenth and Nineteenth Centuries
Authors: Heyberger Bernard
Published: February 2025

Compared with the usual lack of documentation experienced by scholars studying the life of Christian women in Islamic societies, this chapter is based on numerous documents dating from the mid-seventeenth through the mid-nineteenth centuries. These documents deal with a group of Christian women (mainly from Aleppo, but also from Lebanon), who on occasion speak in person about themselves. The study first begins with a presentation of these sources and the inevitable question regarding their authenticity and reliability. The fact that women’s words have come to us in written form means that they have been reworked to varying degrees. The flood of words related by women and about women, which could on the surface seem astonishing, might be easier to understand if situated within the general modernisation and Westernisation processes experienced by Christian minorities in Lebanon and Syria (at least those who opted for the Roman Church and Post-Tridentine Catholicism). As a result, the sincerity of these women’s words is less important than what they teach us about the makeup of individual consciousness, the interiorisation of new social rules, and the apparatus of power. The latter two not only provided women with public status, but even enjoined them to speak out.
The Maestro and his Music
Authors: Ghobrial John-Paul
Published: February 2025

In the Epilogue, John-Paul Ghobrial surveys the themes that run across the
chapters of the book, and he identifies in them several aspects of the
distinctive way in which Bernard Heyberger has given shape to the lived
experiences of Eastern Christians across a range of local, national, and
international contexts.  The Epilogue also pays special attention to the
central position Heyberger occupies within several communities of
scholarship, whilst recognizing the enduring contributions he has made
through his roles as a teacher, mentor, collaborator, and friend to
colleagues and students alike.
Top health service concerns: a data mining study of the Shanghai health hotline
Authors: Shi Lili , Zhao Tong , Shi Shimiao , Tan Tianyu , Regmi Aksara , Cai Yuyang
Published: February 2025

Objective

Our study aims to explore the health service issues of public concern through analyzing the basic characteristics of callers and information from the health hotline in Shanghai. The findings of this study will provide a reference to relevant government departments and assist the government in optimizing the allocation of health resources.

Methods

Our research utilized 16,962 original work orders from the 12,320 health hotline, collected since 2015. We applied natural language processing (NLP) to analyze the content of these work orders, facilitating effective text mining and information extraction. Initially, we performed data cleaning to remove irrelevant information and protect caller privacy by anonymizing personal details. This cleaned data was then organized into a structured database for further analysis. Using text mining, we examined various aspects of the calls, including duration, purpose, and topics discussed, to identify patterns and themes that emerged.

Results

The calls were categorized into four main groups: complaints, suggestions, inquiries, and requests for assistance. Complaints were the most frequent category, totaling 8,669 (51.11%), followed by help-seeking at 3,335 (19.66%), consultations at 2,727 (16.08%), and comments and suggestions at 1,484 (8.75%). The analysis revealed that men made 6,689 (56.88%), surpassing the 5,071 (43.12%) from women. Additionally, calls from parents numbered 2,126 (56.84%), slightly exceeding the 1,614 (43.16%) from children. The top 10 health service concerns identified in Shanghai included medical staff attitudes, medications, fees, registration, family planning, medical disputes, ambulance services, environmental health, illegal medical practices, and immunization.

Conclusions

This study not only identifies critical issues within the Shanghai health service system but also offers actionable insights to inform targeted policy interventions. The high volume of complaints regarding service attitudes and medical expenses underscores the need for stronger policies to improve patient-provider communication and ensure transparency and fairness in healthcare costs. Additionally, the data reveals considerable public concern about the availability and quality of medical services, suggesting that existing policies on resource allocation and service delivery may not adequately meet population needs. The methodologies employed here can be applied to other urban health contexts, providing a valuable framework for improving public health strategies globally.
Predictive power of selection tests on the academic performance of medical students
Authors: Calles Santoyo María E. , De León Escobedo Raúl , Salas Flores Ricardo , González Pérez Brian , Hernández Molina Erick E.
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the predictive power of various selection tests for admission to the bachelor’s degree in medical surgery at the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas. A retrospective cohort study with an analytical approach was conducted, evaluating 167 students of the 2022 cohort. Their performance in the first two school periods was compared with the results of admission tests such as the National Entrance Exam II of the National Evaluation Center for Graduate Education (CENEVAL EXANI-II), and other exams of the propaedeutic course. It was revealed that the CENEVAL EXANI-II test has a medium-high correlation (r = 0.588; p = 0.000) with academic performance in the first two terms although its predictive power is relatively low (R2 = 0.138, p = 0.001). Histology modules (r = 0.518; p = 0.000), and Module Final Exam (r = 0.472; p = 0.000) showed significant correlations but with lower predictive power. Differences in academic performance were identified according to gender and type of admission (selected vs. conditional). Although screening tests can predict academic success to some extent, their effectiveness is limited. Improved assessment methods are recommended to enhance the development of students in their medical training. This study provides the basis for future research on optimizing selection processes in medical education.
Balancing inflammation: the specific roles of serum amyloid A proteins in sterile and infectious diseases
Authors: Mohanty Tirthankar , Miličević Katarina , Göthert Henri , Tillmann Andreas , Padra Médea , Papareddy Praveen , Herwald Heiko
Published: February 2025

Serum Amyloid A (SAA) proteins are acute-phase reactants with critical roles in sterile and bacterial inflammation. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrate that SAA proteins amplify cytokine and chemokine responses during sterile inflammation and enhance bacterial clearance in infectious conditions. Mechanistically, SAA proteins augment NF-κB signaling, driving pro and anti-inflammatory mediator production. SAA-/- mice carrying a deletion of the Saa1, Saa2, Saa3, and Saa4 serum amyloid A genes have better survival rates in sterile sepsis but are more prone to bacterial sepsis than their SAA+/+ counterparts, emphasizing their dual functionality in immune regulation. Overexpression of Saa1, Saa2, Saa3, and Saa4 in macrophages enhances NF-κB-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine production and bacterial clearance during infection. Together, our results show that SAA proteins are key modulators of inflammation, with distinct mechanisms tailored to sterile and infectious contexts.
Activity of sorghum aphid and its natural enemies in the context of agroecological and weather conditions
Authors: Koralewski Tomasz E. , Brewer Michael J. , Deleon Leonel L. , Elliott Norman C. , Giles Kristopher , Szczepaniec Adrianna , Faris Ashleigh M.
Published: February 2025

Agroecological-oriented areawide pest management leverages the innate ability of agroecosystem to suppress pests, and thus to utilize ecosystem services, a key component of sustainable agriculture. A growing body of knowledge on interactions between pests and their natural enemies allows us to recognize the complexity of these interactions that often depend on environmental circumstances. Sorghum aphid, Melanaphis sorghi (Theobald) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a recent but established pest of sorghum in the Great Plains of North America. Both predators and parasitoids prey on sorghum aphid but their activity and impact change throughout the area and throughout the year. Both landscape and weather factors have been shown to affect the abundance and numerical responses of these insects, consistent with observations in other aphid species. In this study we used data on counts of sorghum aphids, lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and parasitoid wasps Aphelinus nigritus Howard (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) collected in Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas states of the United States. We analyzed insect dynamics in the context of landscape and weather factors. We built multiple regression models using data from the years 2017–2019 for metrics such as maximum number of insects per leaf, response time of natural enemies to pest presence, and speed of increase in insect abundance. Our results indicate that various aspects of landscape composition, landscape configuration, and weather affect various insect groups and various aspects of insect dynamics in the field. Moreover, characteristics of specific landscape categories seemed to be more informative than overall measure of landscape diversity. Our study provides insights on interactions along both spatial and temporal scales, with the latter considered understudied.
Assessment of atmospheric correction methods in MSI imagery for deriving bathymetry and substrates of shallow-water coral reefs
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhao Jun , Li Mingjie , Lou Quansheng , Yan Nanyang , Sun Shaojie
Published: February 2025

Accurate atmospheric correction (AC) is a crucial procedure for monitoring coral reef habitat in shallow waters via remote sensing techniques. In this study, three commonly used AC processors—Dark Spectrum Fitting (DSF), Case 2 Regional Coast Color processor (C2RCC), and Polymer—were applied to evaluate their performance on Sentinel-2 MSI imagery of coral reef areas in the Xisha Islands, South China Sea. Since the latter two processors incorporate a sunglint removal approach, additional procedures were applied to DSF. These include short-wave infrared band Glint Correction (GC), DeGlint (DG), and near-infrared band intercept (DG865) algorithms to enhance glint correction after the DSF processor. The results demonstrate that Polymer outperforms the DSF method (either standalone or with glint corrections) and C2RCC. Polymer-derived remote sensing reflectance showed excellent agreement with in situ measurements, with R2 > 0.95 in 3-hour matches and R2 > 0.65 in 6-hour matches in visible bands (443nm-665nm). It effectively removed most of the glint contamination in the NIR bands (740nm,783nm), while revealing contributions from bottom reflections. Under various image conditions, Polymer consistently delivered the highest bathymetry accuracy (R2: 0.51 - 0.85) and the most stable substrate classifications. This study underscores the critical role of accurate AC in retrieving bathymetry and coral reef substrate information from optically shallow waters using medium- to high-resolution MSI imagery. Polymer proves to be a robust tool for precise remote sensing of coral reefs, offering superior performance even in challenging conditions.
Ammonifying and phosphorus-solubilizing function of Aliikangiella maris sp. nov. isolated from Phaeocystis globosa bloom and algal–bacterial interactions
Authors: Li Fei , Xu Ming-Ben , Pan Liang-Hao , Li Jie , Lan Cai-Bi , Li Zhe , Lu Shan , Lai Jun-Xiang , Li Peng-Fu
Published: February 2025

Phaeocystis globosa blooms are of escalating global concern due to their substantial ecological impacts on marine ecosystems. Emerging evidence indicates that algae–bacterial interactions play pivotal roles in shaping the ecology and evolution of harmful algal blooms, although much of this interplay remains unexplored. We successfully isolated and propagated two novel bacterial strains from Phaeocystis globosa bloom. Two novel Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, motile, rod-shaped, and yellow-pigmented bacteria were designated strains GXAS 306T and GXAS 311. According to phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenomic, and comparative genomic analyses data, strains GXAS 306T and GXAS 311 were considered to represent a novel species of the genus Aliikangiella. Genomic analysis revealed that strain GXAS 306T had many potential functions favorable for interacting with algae, and further experimental evidence confirmed the ammonifying and phosphorus-solubilizing function. Co-culture experiments showed that strain GXAS 306T significantly improved algal growth parameters of two typical P. globosa strains (Pg293 and PgV01), particularly under nitrogen or phosphorus deficiency. Specifically, cell densities were observed to increase by 19.6–86.0%, accompanied by substantial enhancements in photosynthetic performance with increases of 8.0–30.6% in Fv/Fm and 10.9–27.9% in rETRmax. Overall, these results shed light on intricate relationships between P. globosa and its associated bacterial partners, which may influence the growth characteristics of algae.
Recent advances in small molecule LpxC inhibitors against gram-negative bacteria (2014–2024)
Authors: Ji Pengpeng , Ma Meng , Geng Xiaoyue , Zhang Jian
Published: February 2025

In 2024, WHO added multiple multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria to the bacteria priority pathogens list, and the continued increase in MDR Gram-negative bacteria poses a serious threat to public health. Uridine diphosphate-3-O-(hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC) is a metalloenzyme cofactored with zinc ions, which is a key enzyme in the synthesis of outer membrane lipid A in Gram negative bacteria. LpxC is highly conserved and homologous among different Gram-negative bacteria, which makes LpxC a promising target against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Since the first report of the arazoline LpxC inhibitor L-573, 655, a large number of small molecule LpxC inhibitors against Gram-negative bacteria have been synthesized and tested, such as TU-514, CHIR-090, ACHN-975 and TP0586532. However, only ACHN-975 entered clinical phase I trials and was discontinued due to safety concerns, so far none of the LpxC inhibitors are available. This paper mainly focuses on the structure optimization, conformational relationship and animal toxicity of small molecule LpxC inhibitors over the past 10 years, especially in the last 5 years, in order to provide ideas for the development and clinical research of LpxC inhibitors.
Case report: an unusual long-term evolution of a diffuse midline glioma, H3K27 altered
Authors: Griessmair Michael , Delbridge Claire , Zimmer Claus , Mayr Eva , Wagner Arthur , Canisius Julian , Metz Marie-Christin , Wiestler Benedikt
Published: February 2025

Background

As diffuse midline glioma, H3K27 altered, is a rare tumor entity with poor prognosis and few therapeutic options, only little is known so far about the genetic factors that influence tumorigenesis and the course of tumor development.

Presentation

We present the case of a 38-year-old female patient who suffered from nausea, fatigue, and intermittent walking impairment, which developed over the course of four weeks. Initial MRI showed an irregularly shaped, contrast-enhancing tumor around the third ventricle with central necrosis, most likely originating from the right thalamus. The patient underwent biopsy, followed by microsurgical resection with molecular analysis. Molecular neuropathology revealed the diagnosis of diffuse midline glioma with a H3K27M mutation WHO (World Health Organization) CNS (central nervous system) grade 4. Interestingly, MR imaging conducted for migraine diagnosis 6 years ago in retrospect already showed a small, nodular T2w hyperintense lesion in the right thalamus.

Conclusion

Despite a more precise, molecularly driven classification of pediatric HGG (high-grade glioma) in the 5th edition of the WHO classification of CNS tumors, many genetic factors influencing the biological tumor development as well as the precise molecular evolution of tumors remain unclear. Given the highly aggressive clinical course of these tumors, with a median overall survival around 16 to 18 months, our report of a (presumable) precursor lesion years before clinical manifestation point towards a complex, multi-stage evolution of this tumor entity. Better understanding this molecular cascade might help to identify novel targets for individualized therapies.
Read. This. Slowly: mimicking spoken pauses in text messages
Authors: Poirier Rachel C. , Cook Andrew M. , Klin Celia M.
Published: February 2025

In contrast with face-to-face conversations, text messages lack important extralinguistic cues such as tone of voice and gestures. We ask how texters are able to communicate the same nuanced social and emotional meaning without access to this rich set of multimodal cues. The current paper expands on previous work examining the role of one particular textism, the period, and found that the inclusion of a period after a single-word text (yup.) could convey abruptness, or insincerity. Across three experiments, we used a rating scale to examine two additional textisms and found that the inclusion of a period after each word in an exchange (No. Just. Go) as well as breaking the exchange into a series of single-word texts ([no] [just] [go]) conveyed emotions such as disgust and frustration. These textisms may have mimicked prosody, influencing readers’ understanding of the emotionality of the message. More generally, the results demonstrate that texters make use of a variety of textisms to communicate social and emotional information.
The influence of weather and urban environment characteristics on upper respiratory tract infections: a systematic review
Authors: Hyrkäs-Palmu Henna , Hugg Timo T. , Jaakkola Jouni J. K. , Ikäheimo Tiina M.
Published: February 2025

Background

Weather can independently affect the occurrence of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in urban areas. Built environments of cities could further modify exposure to weather and consequently the risk of RTIs, but their combined effects on infections are not known.

Objectives

Our aim was to synthesize evidence of the influence of weather on RTIs in urban areas and to examine whether urban built environments are associated with both weather and RTIs.

Methods

A systematic search of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases was conducted on 9th of August 2022 following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included in the review based on predefined criteria by screening 5,789 articles and reviewing reference lists of relevant studies. The quality of the studies was assessed using the AXIS appraisal tool, and the results analyzed by narrative synthesis.

Results

Twenty-one eligible studies focusing on COVID-19 and influenza transmissions, were included in the review. All studies were register based ecological studies by design. Low temperature (11/19 studies) was most often associated with increased risk of RTI. Humidity showed either negative (5/14 studies), positive (3/14 studies) or no (6/14 studies) relation with RTIs. The association between wind and solar radiation on infections was inconclusive. Population density was positively associated with RTIs (14/15 studies).

Conclusions

Our review shows that exposure to low temperature increases the occurrence of RTIs in urban areas, and where also high population density increases the infection risk. The study highlights the need to further assess the relationship between built environment characteristics, weather, and RTIs.
The influence of sex on sleep characteristics in the adult and older adult population: findings from the EPISONO sleep study
Authors: Silva Mayra dos Santos , Tempaku Priscila Farias , Andersen Monica Levy , Tufik Sergio , Poyares Dalva
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Sleep is a restorative behavior and is critical for overall health, but differences in sleep patterns between men and women can be seen over the years.

Aim

To prospectively analyze the polysomnographic findings of adults and older adults who participated in two editions of EPISONO, according to sex.

Methods

The population-based prospective longitudinal study included 688 individuals. Of these, there were 389 women and 299 men. All examinations and tests were undertaken using the same protocols at both times, at baseline and 8 years later. All participants completed an institutional questionnaire and a range of other questionnaires on health and sleep parameters. They also underwent full-night polysomnography (PSG) and peripheral blood collection for biochemical and hematological measurements. In both editions (2007 and 2015), physical and anthropometric assessments were also assessed. Exclusion criteria: pregnant or lactating women, individuals with self-care limitations (physical or mental), and night-shift workers.

Results

We observed that adult women showed a greater REM latency, adult and older adult women spent more time in N3 than men, and an increased periodic leg movement index in older adult women. Men (adults and older adults) remained longer in N1, had a higher number of awakenings, and of apnea-hypopnea index. Age was shown to be an influencing factor for changes in arousal index and apnea-hypopnea index. This study prospectively evaluated, with full-night PSG, the sleep of the general population and reported significant findings according to sex and age, suggesting that some sleep parameters change differently in men and women, as we age.
Low-Cost IoT Communication in the Arctic Region: Using the SWARM Satellite Constellation for Remote Community Connectivity
Authors: Yermolenko Anastasiya , Ferguson Philip
Published: February 2025

The Arctic region is known for its harsh and remote environment. Some of the significant system problems in that region include solving communication issues and building a high-capacity terrestrial infrastructure. This study presents an innovative solution leveraging SWARM Technologies’ low-bandwidth satellite connectivity, Sustainable Distributed Cloud Infrastructure (HIVE) cloud, and devices that are used to develop an automated system for data transfer over any distance without reliance on the Internet. Using this technology, we constructed a solution that integrates SWARM devices with Amazon Web Services (AWS), utilizing an Application Programming Interface (API) for automated notification handling, data storage, and other key functionalities. This paper presented an innovative approach utilizing AWS and the HIVE cloud for easy communication and data transfer between the SWARM device and scientists around the world. This research will help provide a cost-effective method to address the issue of collecting and transferring any type of small data without the Internet in isolated areas like the Arctic region.
Angular Momentum Control Strategy of Control Moment Gyroscope Array Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in Spacecraft Attitude Control System
Authors: Che Xinglong , Wu Junfeng , Kang Guohua , Hong Yi
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the problem of angular momentum control and planning for control moment gyroscope(CMG) arrays in rigid spacecraft attitude control systems using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Specifically, a DRL-based angular momentum control strategy is proposed for spacecraft attitude control systems employing multiple CMGs as actuators. The twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm is used to perform online learning and policy updates based on environmental feedback. This approach eliminates the need for precise mathematical models and iterative parameter tuning. This enables the CMG system to perform angular momentum planning and facilitates rapid and high-precision spacecraft attitude maneuvers and control through angular momentum exchange. Simulations were performed to analyze spacecraft attitude maneuvers and stabilization under various scenarios, focusing on the angular momentum control process of a pyramidal single gimbal CMG (SGCMG) array. The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively achieves large-angle attitude maneuvers and stable attitude maintenance, both in ideal conditions and in the presence of nonlinear disturbances. During large-angle maneuvers, the spacecraft’s attitude estimation using MRPs converges in less than 1 min, and the convergence accuracy during attitude-holding reaches the order of 10−3. Moreover, the approach fully leverages the output characteristics of the CMG system and achieves robust performance and accuracy, even under conditions with significant noise and disturbances.
Zoonotic Bacteria and Vector-Borne Protozoa in Troglophilus Bat Colonies in Sicily (Southern Italy): A Biomolecular Survey
Authors: Di Bella Santina , Giacchino Ilenia , Blanda Valeria , Gucciardi Francesca , Scibetta Silvia , La Russa Francesco , Lastra Antonio , Purpari Giuseppa , Grasso Rosario , Spena Maria Teresa , Orlandella Bianca Maria , Vicari Nadia , Olivieri Emanuela , Grippi Francesca , Guercio Annalisa
Published: February 2025

Bats, as members of the order Chiroptera, are vital to ecosystems and serve as reservoirs for numerous microorganisms, some of which can cause zoonotic diseases. Human interactions with bats are increasing due to habitat alterations, making it essential to understand their microbiota, particularly potential pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the excretion of zoonotic bacteria and protozoa in insectivorous bats from four caves in the provinces of Ragusa, Catania, and Syracuse (Sicily, Southern Italy) using molecular biology tests for zoonotic agents, including Bartonella henselae, Borrelia, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira, Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Anaplasma, and Piroplasmids. From December 2020 to April 2023, urine, fecal swabs, ocular conjunctival swabs, and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 149 bats of six species, along with guano samples from the caves. Bartonella henselae DNA was detected in 3 of the 149 tested bats, one ocular conjunctival swab and two oropharyngeal swabs. Chlamydia spp. DNA was detected in a sample of guano, in feces, ocular conjunctival and oropharyngeal swabs of a bat, and in four urine samples. Piroplasmid DNA was detected in 10 of 149 fecal swabs and in 5 of 16 bat ectoparasites. No samples were positive for Leptospira spp., Borrelia spp., Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia spp., or Anaplasma spp. These findings underscore the importance of multiple sample types in assessing bats as reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens, particularly highlighting their role in transmitting pathogens through various body habitats, including saliva, urine, and ocular excretions. This study highlights the relevance of monitoring bat populations and studying their microbiota to enhance protections for both human and animal health.