bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seizure-free outcome and safety of repeated epilepsy surgery for persistent or recurrent seizures
Authors: Kunz Mathias , Karschnia Philipp , Borggraefe Ingo , Noachtar Soheyl , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Vollmar Christian
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

Reoperation may be an option for select patients with unsatisfactory seizure control after their first epilepsy surgery. The aim of this study was to describe the seizure-free outcome and safety of repeated epilepsy surgery in our tertiary referral center.

METHODS

Thirty-eight patients with focal refractory epilepsy, who underwent repeated epilepsy surgeries and had a minimum follow-up time of 12 months after reoperation, were included. Systematic reevaluation, including comprehensive neuroimaging and noninvasive (n = 38) and invasive (n = 25, 66%) video-electroencephalography monitoring, was performed. Multimodal 3D resection maps were created for individual patients to allow personalized reoperation.

RESULTS

The median time between the first operation and reoperation was 74 months (range 5–324 months). The median age at reoperation was 34 years (range 1–74 years), and the median follow-up was 38 months (range 13–142 months). Repeat MRI after the first epilepsy surgery showed an epileptogenic lesion in 24 patients (63%). The reoperation was temporal in 18 patients (47%), extratemporal in 9 (24%), and multilobar in 11 (29%). The reoperation was left hemispheric in 24 patients (63%), close to eloquent cortex in 19 (50%), and distant from the initial resection in 8 (21%). Following reoperation, 27 patients (71%) became seizure free (Engel class I), while 11 (29%) continued to have seizures. There were trends toward better outcome in temporal lobe epilepsy and for unilobar resections adjacent to the initial surgery, but there was no difference between MRI lesional and nonlesional patients. In all subgroups, Engel class I outcome was at least 50%. Perioperative complications occurred in 4 patients (11%), with no fatalities.

CONCLUSIONS

Reoperation for refractory focal epilepsy is an effective and safe option in patients with persistent or recurrent seizures after initial epilepsy surgery. A thorough presurgical reevaluation is essential for favorable outcome.
Quality of life and surgical outcomes in incidental pituitary adenomas undergoing endoscopic endonasal resection
Authors: Castle-Kirszbaum Mendel , Wang Yi Yuen , King James , Kam Jeremy , Goldschlager Tony
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

Incidental, asymptomatic pituitary adenomas require nuanced, shared decision-making, which is limited by a poor understanding of their natural history and effects on quality of life (QOL). A greater understanding of the effects of surgery would inform evidence-based care.

METHODS

A multicenter review of consecutive pituitary adenomas resected via an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) between late 2016 and mid-2021 was performed, with prospective, longitudinal QOL assessment (at 3 and 6 weeks and at 3, 6, and 12 months) postoperatively using the 35-item Anterior Skull Base Questionnaire.

RESULTS

Of 366 adenomas resected during the study period, 52 (14.2%) were incidentally discovered, of which 51 (98.1%) were macroadenomas. Preoperative QOL in patients with these incidentalomas was better than in those with adenomas presenting with endocrinopathy (p < 0.01), visual failure (p = 0.02), or headache (p = 0.03). Surgery was performed due to visual field deficits (13.5%, n = 7); ophthalmoplegia (1.9%, n = 1); radiological compression or contact of the optic apparatus (63.5%, n = 33); functional status (growth hormone–secreting tumor) (5.8%, n = 3); and clinically significant growth (15.4%, n = 8). Surgical outcomes were excellent, with vision improved in 100% (7/7) and complete resection in 84.6% (44/52). There were 2 (3.8%) cases of new cortisol deficiency, 3 (5.8%) cases of transient postoperative diabetes insipidus, and 4 (7.7%) cases of postoperative hyponatremia. There were no perioperative complications and no cases of postoperative CSF leakage. QOL transiently decreased during the first 3 weeks after surgery, then improved to above baseline levels by 3 months (p = 0.03) and continued to improve throughout the first postoperative year (p = 0.03). All surgical indications demonstrated an overall mean improvement in QOL at 3 months. QOL benefits were not affected by age or tumor size.

CONCLUSIONS

Resection of pituitary adenomas via the EEA provided a tangible benefit for patients within 3 months. Surgery via the EEA is safe, effective, and beneficial for patients with pituitary incidentalomas meeting accepted criteria for intervention.
Precision medicine in pediatric temporal epilepsy surgery: optimization of outcomes through functional MRI memory tasks and tailored surgeries
Authors: Goldstein Hannah E. , Poliakov Andrew , Shaw Dennis W. , Barry Dwight , Tran Kieu , Novotny Edward J. , Saneto Russell P. , Marashly Ahmad , Warner Molly H. , Wright Jason N. , Hauptman Jason S. , Ojemann Jeffrey G. , Shurtleff Hillary A.
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

The goal of epilepsy surgery is both seizure cessation and maximal preservation of function. In temporal lobe (TL) cases, the lack of functional MRI (fMRI) tasks that effectively activate mesial temporal structures hampers preoperative memory risk assessment, especially in children. This study evaluated pediatric TL surgery outcome optimization associated with tailored resection informed by an fMRI memory task.

METHODS

The authors identified focal onset TL epilepsy patients with 1) TL resections; 2) viable fMRI memory scans; and 3) pre- and postoperative neuropsychological (NP) evaluations. They retrospectively evaluated preoperative fMRI memory scans, available Wada tests, pre- and postoperative NP scores, postoperative MRI scans, and postoperative Engel class outcomes. To assess fMRI memory task outcome prediction, the authors 1) overlaid preoperative fMRI activation onto postoperative structural images; 2) classified patients as having "overlap" or "no overlap" of activation and resection cavities; and 3) compared these findings with memory improvement, stability, or decline, based on Reliable Change Index calculations.

RESULTS

Twenty patients met the inclusion criteria. At a median of 2.1 postoperative years, 16 patients had Engel class IA outcomes and 1 each had Engel class IB, ID, IIA, and IID outcomes. Functional MRI activation was linked to NP memory outcome in 19 of 20 cases (95%). Otherwise, heterogeneity characterized the cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

Functional MRI memory task activation effectively predicted individual NP outcomes in the context of tailored TL resections. Patients had excellent seizure and overall good NP outcomes. This small study adds to extant literature indicating that pediatric TL epilepsy does not represent a single clinical syndrome. Findings support individualized surgical intervention using fMRI memory activation to help guide this precision medicine approach.
The usefulness and safety of dexmedetomidine for postoperative sedation in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Kanamori Fumiaki , Araki Yoshio , Yokoyama Kinya , Uda Kenji , Kurimoto Michihiro , Shiba Yoshiki , Mamiya Takashi , Takayanagi Kai , Ishii Kazuki , Nishihori Masahiro , Izumi Takashi , Okamoto Sho , Saito Ryuta
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

After revascularization surgery in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease (MMD), resting and avoiding crying is important. However, this inaction is often difficult because of pain or anxiety. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), which has sedative and analgesic properties, may be useful in reducing those uncomfortable conditions; however, its common side effects include bradycardia and hypotension, which have a risk of decreasing the cerebral blood flow. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of using DEX for pediatric patients with MMD in the acute period after revascularization surgery.

METHODS

This retrospective study included pediatric patients with MMD who underwent revascularization surgery. Based on whether DEX was used for light sedation during postoperative days (PODs) 0–1 after extubation, the patients were divided into DEX or control groups. For neurological outcomes, the incidence of symptomatic cerebral infarction and transient neurological events (TNEs) during PODs 0–1 and the entire hospitalization were investigated. In addition, the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) was used to assess the effect of DEX, and bradycardia and hypotension were evaluated as side effects.

RESULTS

A total of 84 surgical procedures were included in this study (27 in the DEX group and 57 in the control group). During PODs 0–1, symptomatic infarction was not observed in either group. The incidence of TNEs was almost the same in both groups: 2 (7.4%) of the 27 procedures in the DEX group and 4 (7.0%) of the 57 procedures in the control group (p > 0.99). Moreover, the incidences of symptomatic infarction and TNEs during the entire hospitalization did not differ significantly (symptomatic infarction, p > 0.99; TNEs, p = 0.20). Regarding the DEX effect, the median RASS scores during PODs 0–1 were −1.0 (drowsy) in the DEX group and +1.0 (restless) in the control group, showing a significant difference (p < 0.01). Regarding side effects, bradycardia was observed only in 3 (11.1%) of the 27 procedures in the DEX group (p = 0.03), and hypotension was not observed in any of the cases.

CONCLUSIONS

In pediatric patients with MMD who are extubated after revascularization surgery, DEX produced appropriate light sedation and analgesia. The risk for symptomatic infarction is almost the same in cases in which DEX is used and those in which it is not; however, neurosurgeons should be cautious of bradycardia and TNEs as potential side effects.
Risk Predictors for Lymphoma Development in Sjogren Syndrome - A Systematic Review
Authors: Monica K
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Sjogren syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltrates of salivary and tears glands, leading to oral and ocular dryness and by autoantibody secretion. The association between primary Sjogren syndrome and lymphoma, mostly non-Hodgkin ́s lymphoma or lymphoproliferative disease, has been documented for the past 40 years. The aim of our systematic review was to evaluate the available evidence regarding the identification of serological and hematological predictors for lymphoma in Sjogren syndrome patients. Materials and Methods: Articles were searched and selected through PubMed. Hand search from the relevant journals was also performed. Articles were reviewed and analyzed. The articles were reviewed based on serological and hematological risk predictors such as Anti-Ro antibodies, Anti-La,C3 levels, C4 levels, Cryoglobulins, Lymphopenia, anemia, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and Rheumatoid Factor positivity. Results: Review of these articles showed significant associations of prognostic factors with development of lymphoma. Within the limitations, Identification of a high-risk phenotype for lymphoma development at the time of Sjogren Syndrome diagnosis has been a major diagnostic challenge over years. Conclusion: All these factors act as a guide to identify patients with high risk at the time of diagnosis leading to an increase in disease free survival rate.
An Evaluation on the use of Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming in Root Canal Treatment
Authors: A. Amina Khalifa , A. Sara Hwisa
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The main purpose of endodontic treatment is to retain the involved teeth in the oral cavity for as long as possible by the prevention and elimination of infection in the root canal system. Irrigation of the root canal after instrumentation is a fundamental component of endodontic treatment success. It is mainly aimed to achieve debridement, smear layer removal, and disinfection of the entire root canal system. Recently, Photon Induced Photoacoustic Streaming (PIPS), which is an activation technique based on the using of Er:YAG (2.940nm) laser equipped with PIPS tip at sub-ablative energy levels, has been used to achieve this goal. Objective: Evaluate the ability of PIPS technique in removing smear layer and remnants. Material and Method: Review and summarize studies evaluated the effect of PIPS in root canal treatment. Results: Several in-vitro studies has been evaluated the evidence to support the benefit of PIPS technique over the traditional and other laser agitation techniques as an efficient method regarding removal of smear layer, remnants disinfection of root canal system and its benefits in other procedures. Conclusion: Photon induced photoacoustic streaming in in-vitro studies seems to show better smear layer removal at coronal and middle thirds of root canal but not at the apical third, it has no superior effects compared with the other activation technique of endodontic solution
Multivariate Analysis of Human Adult Femur Length by Various Parameters of Neck of Femur
Authors: Manjiri Ganjewar , Gautam Shroff , Vaishali Mandhana
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Bones forms the main framework of the human body. Bone structure is different in different individuals depending upon race, sex, height, work, nutrition and geographical area. Femur is the bone which is the longest and strongest in human body and shows highest correlation with stature. Aims: This study has been done to determine the relationship of neck measurements with femur length in Maharashtrian population. Methodology: In the present Study, 54 human femur bones were studied for the following parameters using standard procedures. We took femur length (FL), neck length (NL), neck diameter at narrowest site (NDN) and neck diameter at widest site (NDW) in mms. Results: The data was analysed through SPSS software. The descriptive statistics was analysed. Univariate and Multivariate Regression equations were derived to estimate Femur Length from various neck parameters. In univariate analysis, FL was 344.06 + 2.856 NL with R value 0.513 and in multivariate analysis, FL was 209.457+ 0.89 NL + 10.85 NDN -2.98 NDW with R value 0.867. Conclusion: It has been concluded that femur neck length has a positive correlation with total length of femur and femur length can be calculated if measurements of one or more neck parameters are available.
Application of Gaussian Filter and Histogram Equalization for Repair x-ray Image
Authors: Mulyana Dandi , Rismawan Tedy , Suhery Cucu
Published: July 2022

The X-ray image is a medical examination procedure that uses electromagnetic wave radiation to get a picture of the inside of the body. However, in the process, there is noise that appears due to the exposure factor. This research builds a system to improve the X-ray image with noise by using Gaussian Filter and Histogram Equalization. In this study, in order to see the optimization of image enhancement, the two methods were combined. The data used are 60 x-ray images that have noise and each has an original image without noise as a comparison image to get system accuracy using PSNR and SSIM. Gaussian Filter method is used to reduce noise by determining the size of the kernel matrix and the standard deviation used. Histogram Equalization method is used to even out the value of the gray level of the image. Based on the test results from the combination of the two methods, the larger the size of the kernel matrix used, the faster the duration of time needed to repair the image. The PSNR value and accuracy obtained in the X-ray image repair are 31 dB and 71% on a 3x3 kernel matrix with an average time duration of 9 seconds, 32 dB and 77% on a 5x5 kernel matrix with an average duration of 9 seconds, 32 dB and 78% on a 7x7 kernel matrix with an average time duration of 8 seconds
Ogólnokrajowe rekwizycje koni w czasie wojny z Rosją bolszewicką 1919–1920
Authors: Podolska-Meducka Aldona
Published: July 2022

The nationwide requisitioning of horses during 1919–1920 fits into the system of military benefits created in Poland after the restoration of independence. Its in- dispensability resulted from the large-scale requisitioning that was needed to sup- ply the army for the war with Bolshevik Russia. It provided a legal basis for society to offset any deficits that the army had concerning supplies and equipment for its fighting units. The great importance attached to the requisitioning of horses re- sulted from the dominance of horse-drawn traction in the Polish army.
Diagnostic challenges of adenomyoepithelioma: A case report
Authors: Pankratjevaite Lina , Lind Katrine , Mele Marco , Lelkaitis Giedrius
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Breast adenomyoepithelioma is a very uncommon tumor, which is generally considered to be benign, however malignant transformation has been reported. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report two cases of two women with breast adenomyoepithelioma. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of adenomyoepithelioma is challenging because tumor may mimic other breast diseases. It has neither specific clinical signs nor radiological features, and the diagnosis is based on histopathological examination of the lesion. The treatment of choice is surgery. The type of surgery depends on the tumor factors and breast size. In malignant cases treatment such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy may be used as well. It is very important to give an adequate treatment, otherwise the risk of tumor recurrence, growth or even metastatic spread, when tumor has malignant potential, increases.
Economic analysis of a hybrid intelligent optimization-based renewable energy system using smart grids
Authors: Suresh K. , Jagatheeswari P.
Published: July 2022

Renewable energy has seen a substantial increase in deployment as an alternative to traditional power sources. However, two fundamental constraints exist that preclude widespread adoption: the availability of the generated power and the expense of the equipment. One of the most critical difficulties with this sort of hybrid system is to appropriately design the Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) elements so that they fulfill all load requirements while requiring the least amount of investment and running expenditures. This research proposes a novel technique for evaluating the optimal smart grid linking Hybrid Renewable Energy (Solar photovoltaic and wind) with battery, to increase profitability, dependability, and feasibility. A multiobjective function is suggested and constructed to be optimized utilizing two optimization algorithms: Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) and Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) algorithm with Fuzzy-Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). The primary goal for the HRES is to operate optimally to reduce the cost of energy generat ion through hourly day-ahead. Here, the Fuzzy-ELM is utilized to predict the required load of the smart grid-connected system and hybrid EPSO-HHO, which are introduced to solve the problem of HRES economic analysis. Finally, the suggested EPSO-EHO method is implemented in the MATLAB software, and its performance comparison is made with other existing methods such as PSO, WOA, and HHO. The simulation result shows that the cost of the newly suggested EPSO-HHO technique-based Hybrid Renewable Energy System is less than PSO, WOA, and HHO by 4.89 %, 4.51 %, and 4.05 %, respectively.
Do small for gestational age infants have less severe neonatal abstinence syndrome?
Authors: Friedman D. , Zubair N. , Favara M.T. , Lafferty M. , Carola D. , Adeniyi-Jones S. , Solarin K. , Aghai Z.H.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are likely to have decreased placental transfer of opioids and other substances and lower amounts of fat deposition, hence less severe neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). The goal of this study is to correlate SGA status and severity of NAS in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of term and late-preterm infants (≥35 weeks gestation) exposed to in-utero substances, born between September 2006 and May 2021, and admitted to an inner-city NICU for medical therapy for NAS. Indicators of the severity of NAS (duration of medical treatment, duration of hospitalization, use of phenobarbital, and use of clonidine) were compared between infants characterized as SGA (birth weight <10th percentile for gestational age) to those not categorized as SGA (non-SGA). RESULTS: A total of 992 infants met the study criteria; 205 (20.7%) in the SGA group and 787 (79.3%) in the non-SGA group. The median duration of medical treatment was significantly lower in infants in the SGA group (22 days vs. 26 days, p = 0.04) and they were less likely to be treated with phenobarbital (19% vs. 26.8%, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: SGA infants displayed less severe NAS symptoms as indicated by shorter a duration of medical treatment and decreased need for phenobarbital. Our findings may impact decisions around identifying the optimum treatment protocols catered to SGA infants with NAS.
PREVENTION OF NUCLEAR DAMAGE CAUSED BY IODINE AND CESIUM RADIONUCLIDES TO THE THYROID, PANCREAS AND OTHER ORGANS
Authors: Venturi S.
Published: July 2022

In times of danger of severe international conflicts with fear of the use of atomic weapons and accidents in nuclear power plants, a so-called "Disaster Medicine" has been created to reduce the damage in affected populations and territories. Radionuclide contamination in terrestrial ecosystems has nowadays reached a dangerous level. The most frequent and studied artificial radionuclides are iodine (131-I) and cesium (137-Cs and 134-Cs), which are both on the rise in the world. In humans, these elements are captured and metabolized by the thyroid, pancreas, mammary and salivary glands, cerebrospinal fluid and brain, thymus and numerous other organs and excrete with stool and urine. In organs, these radionuclides are a serious danger that can cause cancers, and through inflammatory, carcinogenic and necrotic mechanisms also thyroiditis, pancreatitis and functional deficiencies as well as diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and mental damage. The Author reports autoradiographic and scintigraphic studies describing some, little-known, damage to organs caused by radionuclides and in particular, pancreatic and thyroid cancer, chronic pancreatitis, thyroiditis and diabetes mellitus, whose incidence rate is gradually rising worldwide. Some methods of radionuclide removal and cancer prevention are also suggested.
Upaya Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Pemberdayaan Kader Kesehatan Di Desa Patempuran Kecamatan Kalisat Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Wicaksono Darma Arif , Hidayat Cahya Tribagus , Atmaja Andi Tri
Published: July 2022

Stunting merupakan sebuah kondisi gagalnya pertumbuhan yang diakibatkan akumulasi kekurangan gizi mulai dari masa hamil hingga 24 bulan setelah kelahiran dengan ditandai oleh tinggi badan yang tidak sesuai dengan umurnya. Kader Kesehatan merupakan perantara yang cukup penting guna menginformasikan berbagai macam pengetahuan pada bidang kesehatan kepada seluruh masyarakat. Permasalahan yang sedang terjadi adalah Kader Kesehatan selama ini hanya berfokus pada penyuluhan tentang cara mencuci tangan daripada stunting. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini untuk memberikan informasi tambahan kepada Kader Kesehatan terkait stunting dan gizi pada makanan yang dapat membantu menekan angka kejadian stunting dengan menggunakan metode penyuluhan sekaligus memberdayakan Kader Kesehatan agar dapat menyampaikan pengetahuan yang dimiliki kepada masyarakat Desa Patempuran. Efektivitas penyuluhan akan diukur menggunakan metode pretest dan posttest guna melihat gambaran perubahan pengetahuan setelah diberikan penyuluhan terkait stunting dan gizi pada makanan. Terdapat perubahan persentase pada Kader Kesehatan Desa Patempuran dari pre-test 48% menjadi post-test 52% atau mengalami kenaikan sebesar 4%. Dari data ini dapat diartikan bahwa terdapat perubahan pengetahuan pada Kader Kesehatan terkait dengan stunting dan kandungan gizi pada makanan.
Pemanfaatan Ampas Tahu, Tulang Ikan Tongkol Dan Azolla Sebagai Pakan Lele Alternatif
Authors: Jalil Abdul , Hartatik Sri , Avivi Sholeh , Ananda Pio Tifar , Wahyudi Andri , Azzini Alvan Maulana
Published: July 2022

Dusun Kerajan Timur Desa Sumberjati Kecamatan Tempeh Kabupaten Lumajang memiliki potensi besar sebagai sentra penghasil lele karena rata rata penduduk di dusun Kerajan Timur setip rumah memiliki kola mikan lele dengan ukuran 8x4 meter. Permasalahan yang sering dialami oleh masyarakat pakan lele cenderung mahal dan harga lele terkadang murah sehingga masyarakat membutuhkan solusi untuk menekan penggunaan pakan lele dengan harga yang relative mahal tersebut. Inisiatif untuk memanfaatkan limbah ampas tahu, tulang ikan dan Azolla sebagai pakan alternative karena bahan bahan tersebut mudah untuk di dapatkan mengingat penduduk dusun Kerajan Tengah merupakan pengrajin tahu dan pedagang ikan. Setelah pelatihan selesai dilakukan akhirnya para pembudidaya lele mulai menggunakan pakan alternatif berbahan dasar ampas tahu, tulang ikan tongkol dan azoola dengan ditambahkan bongkol jagung sebagai pakan selingan yang ekonomis untuk ikan lele yang di budidayakannya sehingga mereka memperoleh keuntungan sosial yakni mengurangi limbah ampastahu dan tulang ikan yang tidak termanfaatkan dan keuntungan ekonomi berupa pengeluaran untuk pakan yang semakin kecil sehingga berpotensi memperoleh penghasilan yang lebih besar. Selain itu dari pelatihan yang sudah dilakukan terbentuk satu kelompok sentra pakan lele alternatif sebagai basis produksi pakan yang bertempat di rumah bapak Purwanto.
Upaya Pengembangan Umkm Digital Keripik Tempe Pa-da Industri Kecil Di Desa Balet Baru Kecamatan Su-kowono
Authors: Kerta Wekel Mega wisesa , Dania Liara Ayu Rahma , Fibrianti Trisya Bella , Ishaq Rifyal Zaihifni , Rini Ristanti Nurin Aqua , Abdillah Fahmi Malik
Published: July 2022

Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran yang besar pada perekonomian negara, baik dalam kontribusi terhadap Produksi Domestik Bruto maupun jumlah penyerapan tenaga kerja. Dalam usaha mengembangkan bisnisnya, UMKM keripik tempe Daffa harus melakukan inovasi dan perbaikan untuk dapat bersaing dengan bisnis lainnya.  Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan produksi dan pengemasan kripik tempe serta mengenalkan produksi kepada masyarakat secara luas. Pengabdian ini dilakukan di wilayah Desa Balet Baru sebagai tempat pengabdian mahasiswa KKN kelompok 107 Desa Balet Baru Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember. Metode yang digunakan berupa penyuluhan kepada pemilik usaha keripik tempe tentang cara pemasaran secara online dan offline serta cara mendesain kemasan yang menarik. Proses produksi keripik tempe yang pertama yaitu pembuatan bahan-bahan, yang kedua yaitu penggorengan dan pengemasan, yang ketiga yaitu pemasaran. Harapan dari pemilik tempat usaha dan mahasiswa KKN yaitu daya jangkau pemasaran secara online atau offline semakin luas, sehingga pendapatan UMKM akan bertambah dan dapat meningkatkan tarif hidup keluarga.
Sinergi D3 Perhotelan UM Jember Dengan Sekber Wartawan Indonesia/SWI-DPD Jember Melalui Workshop Penulisan Berita Potensi Pariwisata Lokal
Authors: Suyono Suyono , Tjayadhi Bagus Indra
Published: July 2022

Potensi objek wisata yang besar di Kabupaten Jember, belum banyak dikunjungi masyarakat. Selain belum digarap secara maksimal, banyak masyarakat yang belum tahu dan belum mengenal berbagai objek wisata yang ada. Padahal, Kabupaten Jember mempunyai banyak lokasi wisata yang indah dan eksotis yang dapat memberi pemasukan kepada PAD (Pendapatan Asli Daerah) dan juga berpotensi meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Untuk lebih mengenalkan dan mempromosikan berbagai objek wisata mulai wisata pantai, gunung, air terjun, hingga kolam pemandian, perlu sinergi berbagai pihak. Melalui PKM ini, D3 Perhotelan Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember, bersinergi dengan Sekber Wartawan Indonesia (SWI)-DPD Jember, salah satu organisasi profesi wartawan, melaksanakan workshop penulisan berita dengan mengangkat potensi wisata lokal Jember, untuk dipromosikan melalui media masing-masing. Hasilnya, jumlah pemberitaan terkait dengan wisata lokal dan potensinya di berbagai media, khususnya media online, terus meningkat.
Using Deep Learning to Characterize Ultrasonic B-scans
Authors:   Institute for Diagnostic Imaging Research, Scott Ryan , Stocco Danilo , Chertov Andriy
Published: July 2022

Though manufacturing is becoming increasingly technologically advanced, statistical destructive and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) are still the dominant methods for quality control and Industry/NDE 4.0 is still not fully realized. Ultrasonic inspection systems are increasingly used, but there is still a need for fast, automated, and accurate data interpretation. To this end, the IDIR has developed an approach for ultrasonic B-scan interpretation using deep learning (DL) which is a form of artificial intelligence (AI) using deep artificial neural networks to automatically learn from data. DL forms the state of the art in many problem domains in e.g. natural language processing and computer vision, hence it has become increasingly, and often successfully, applied in NDE. Our aim was to investigate a DL approach to automatic characterization of ultrasonic B-scans. We experimented on ultrasonic B-scans from resistance spot welding (RSW) because we could rapidly generate a large dataset of samples using this process. We developed and labelled a dataset of ultrasonic B-scans from RSWs of varying parameterizations, along with important metadata (e.g. sheet thicknesses, weld time, etc.), and subsequently trained DL models for object detection on the labelled samples. The resultant AI system conducts a morphological analysis of the weld geometry after the weld is completed. Using an object detection approach, we created models that exhibit high detection rates with extremely low false positive rates, while accurately measuring the position of the nugget within the welded stack. Our work shows the applicability of DL in real-time NDE data interpretation. Such AI-based systems can be combined with ultrasonic NDE to comprehensively, accurately, and practically instantly characterize 100% of parts without human intervention, representing a major step toward Industry/NDE 4.0 and zero-defect RSW.
Labeling Defective Regions in In-situ Optical Tomography Images
Authors:   Southern Illinois University, Dennison Mead , Seavers Connor , Chu Tsuchin
Published: July 2022

Methods for automatically detecting defects are highly sought after in the world of non-destructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E). Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms have performed well in this area but often require labeled training examples [1, 2]. This investigation aims to provide insight into the process of obtaining labeled training examples from NDE image data for application to ML and DL. Training data typically consists of the raw NDE data and its corresponding labels. When the NDE data is in the form of an image, the labels can be binary masks, bounding boxes, or semantically segmented images, to name a few. What precisely the labels are labeling depends on the goals in mind. When the goal is the detection of defects, label production might entail binary masking of defective regions, defining bounding boxes around defective regions, or semantically segmenting the image into background, foreground, and defect regions. The performance of a given ML/DL model depends on the quality of the features used for training [3]. The need for accurate defect detection methodologies is particularly stark in metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes, which are prone to producing numerous and disparate process defects. This propensity for metal AM processes to produce defects severely limits their incorporation into end-use component production lines. Methodologies that can accurately detect defects during the manufacturing process are critical to additively manufactured component qualification efforts. This investigation details one step in the ML/DL training process, specifically the defect labeling process, applied to optical tomography images obtained from in-situ monitoring the selective laser melting (SLM) process. The entire image processing workflow entails binary segmentation (masking) of the defective regions, estimation of the defect contours, and estimation of the bounding boxes for defects in the image.
Effect of Top Layer Coatings on Active Microwave Thermography
Authors:   Missouri University of Science and Technology, Wilcox Logan M. , Donnell Kristen M.
Published: July 2022

Active microwave thermography (AMT) is an active thermographic technique that utilizes an electromagnetic-based excitation with infrared measurement of the surface thermal profile of a specimen under test. AMT has been successful utilized in the aerospace and civil infrastructure industries. This work seeks to expand AMT through the investigation of how coatings effect the technique. Results indicate that, dependent on the structure, the thermal contrast can experience different trends, such as linear or logarithmic, when under AMT inspection. This is important as it relates to any AMT investigation that involves a structure that has a coating.
Modeling Process-Structure Relationships for Additively Manufactured Microscale Features
Authors:   Georgia Institute of Technology, Jost Elliot ,   Sandia National Laboratories, Pegues Jonathan ,   Sandia National Laboratories, Moore David G. ,   Sandia National Laboratories, Saldana Christopher ,   Georgia Institute of Technology
Published: July 2022

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) presents a unique opportunity to create geometries, such as lattice structures, which are impossible to manufacture using traditional methods. Lattice structures are favored for their high strength-to-weight ratios, tunable and gradable properties, and energy absorption capacity. However, due to their feature size, (e.g., struts/walls as small as 200 µm), lattice performance is detrimentally impacted by the surface topography, defects, and heterogeneities characteristic of LPBF, which are inextricably linked to manufacturing parameters. While the performance impacts of these defects is understood to be severe, the mechanisms of their creation, manufacturing strategies for mitigation, and effects on performance are either underdeveloped or not yet fully understood. To address this knowledge gap, this study focuses on understanding the influence of manufacturing parameters on structural outcomes by modeling the process-structure (PS) relationships in microscale LPBF features. Herein, it is demonstrated that statical and machine learning models can predict geometric characteristics of lattices with up to 98% accuracy.
Detection and Characterization of Rolling Contact Fatigue Type of Defects Using Rayleigh Surface Waves
Authors:   Michigan State University, Vu Alex Tian , Madhuranthakam Yoganandh , Chakrapani Sunil Kishore
Published: July 2022

This work focuses on using Rayleigh waves to detect and characterize vertical, and oblique shaped surface breaking defects specifically caused by Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF). The transmission coefficient (Tc) of Rayleigh wave was studied using finite element analysis (FEA). The results suggest that for oblique cracks, that characterization based purely on the Tc can be challenging due to fluctuations. This points to the need for additional parameters to be identified for efficient characterization of RCF.
Non-Destructive Evaluation of Track Stability Using Doppler Lidar Systems
Authors:   Virginia Tech, Ahmadian Mehdi , Radmehr Ahmad , Hosseini SayedMohammad
Published: July 2022

An approach for non-destructive evaluation of revenue service track stability using Doppler Lidar measurements is provided. The Lidar system is installed onboard a track geometry car for non-contact measurement of the track lateral and vertical movement in response to the weight of the rolling wheel. The deployment of such velocity-based sensors could result in early and timely detection of track infrastructure stability issues, specifically any reduced vertical (tangent track) and lateral (curved track) stiffness, which could diminish the track’s dynamic stability margin. Two Lidar systems along with supporting instrumentation are installed in the cab of a track geometry car that is commonly used for evaluating and recording the condition of revenue service track. The recorded measurements include left and right rail lateral, vertical and longitudinal (down track) velocities, GPS position, and axle-mounted tachometer speed. Using a precise calibration sequence, the exact beam angles between the lenses and track are calculated from the Lidar measurements. The calibration constants are included in the calculations to ensure agreement between the left- and right-rail velocities, the track center-line speed, and speed measurements with onboard instruments (e.g., tachometer, GPS sensors). The recorded data are processed to ensure that the analyzed data represent the components of the measurements that are essential to the track condition. The GPS Velocity data and numerical interpolations are used to clean any Lidar drop-in and drop-outs where the signal drops below the noise floor for the measurements. In addition, the velocity data are scaled such that the left and right rails have the same forward velocities on a tangent track, as would be expected. To retrieve the lateral component of the Lidar signal, a high-pass filter is first applied to remove the effect of the longitudinal velocity on the recorded data. An unsupervised machine learning technique is developed to identify potentially unstable track segments using an automated data analysis process in Python. A visualization platform is also created to show the analyzed segments on the Google Map to accommodate any visual inspection or track maintenance. The study indicates promising results for early detection of track movement that could develop, in time, into track instability.
Irregular Frequencies in Ultrasonic Boundary Integral Equations for Spherical Scatterer
Authors:   Micron Technology, Inc., Gurrala Praveen , Song Jiming ,   Iowa State University
Published: July 2022

The boundary element method (BEM) is a well-established full-wave technique for simulating the scattering of ultrasonic waves in elastic materials. The ultrasonic wave scattering problem is usually formulated in terms of the so-called conventional and hypersingular boundary integral equations (CBIE and HBIE, respectively) to apply the BEM. Since both CBIE and HBIE admit multiple solutions at some wave frequencies, they render the BEM ineffective in obtaining a numerical solution. We analyze this problem in the case of a spherical scatterer, a common defect shape used in both benchmarking and practice. Specifically, we compute scattered fields using the CBIE and HBIE formulations and show that in some special cases, the scattered far-fields can be obtained accurately despite the BEM being ill-conditioned at those frequencies.
Automated Interpretation of Impact Echo Data using Statistical Modeling and Machine Learning
Authors:   Pennsylvania State University, Sengupta Agnimitra , Torlapati Rahul ,   Genex Systems, Azari Hoda ,   Federal Highway and Transportation Administration, Guler Ilgin ,   Pennsylvania State University, Shokouhi Parisa ,   Pennsylvania State University
Published: July 2022

Impact echo (IE) is becoming a standard nondestructive testing (NDT) tool for concrete bridge deck assessment thanks to its simplicity, established reliability and relatively low cost. The recent advances in automated data collection and non-contact measurements [1] [2] are also contributing to IE’s increasing popularity. The new generation of IE test equipment uses robotic platforms allowing faster data collection and larger areal coverage compared to the hand-held devices previously employed. The large volume of collected data presents numerous opportunities but also new challenges. The availability of NDT data facilitates data-driven decision making from IE (and other NDT) data while new approaches are needed to process and interpret ‘big’ NDT data [3] [4]. The former has been addressed for example in our recently published work, where IE data collected during Long Term Bridge Performance (LTBP) program are used to predict condition rating (CR) of concrete bridge decks [5]. This study focuses on the latter, the increasingly urgent need to automatically analyze and interpret IE data using statistical modeling, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). We present results pertaining to the analyses of LTBP data without ground truth as well as those obtained on laboratory slabs with well-defined embedded defects [6]. The performance of different methods in IE signal classification is compared and discussed. Our findings indicate that the performance of different methods greatly depends on the amount and quality of available ‘labeled’ data (i.e., data tagged with the corresponding ground truth information). Creating standard quality labeled datasets is a critical step in exploiting ML and DL for IE (and other NDT) data analysis and interpretation.
Ultrasonic internal friction measurements of void swelling in AISI 304 stainless steel nuclear reactor reflector blocks
Authors:   The Aerospace Corporation, Panetta Paul , Podolski Alexandria ,   Applied Research Associates, Inc., Garner F.A. ,   Radiation Effects Consulting, Wall Joe ,   The Electric Power Research Institute
Published: July 2022

Fast neutron irradiation in light water nuclear reactors changes the microstructure and thus the physical properties of internal components made from austenitic stainless steel. Irradiation causes formation of nanometer sized voids causing both dimensional changes in the components (void swelling) as well as microstructure changes and subsequent degradation to the mechanical properties resulting in embrittlement. Irradiation embrittlement is controlled by chemical segregation, carbide and gamma prime precipitation, formation of voids, bubbles, and dislocation loops, and dislocation pileups in the materials. This work focuses on developing ultrasonic NDE methods to measure irradiation embrittlement and the degree of void swelling of nuclear reactor components.
Ultrasonic Scattering in Two-Phase Polycrystalline Materials
Authors:   University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Islam Showmic , Tunrer Joseph A.
Published: July 2022

Many of the polycrystalline materials found in nature and those created using different manufacturing processes consist of multiple phases. Careful nondestructive characterization of these materials is of fundamental importance for quality assurance because microstructure is strongly correlated with mechanical performance. Ultrasonic scattering measurements have shown high sensitivity to material microstructure such that this approach is of interest for multi-phase materials. A fundamental understanding of scattering from idealized two-phase materials would provide essential information regarding the predictive nature of scattering measurements to quantify such microstructures. For this purpose, samples were created using spark plasma sintering (SPS) from mixtures with three different ratios (with respect to mass) of Cu and Fe powders. The three samples are • Cu-25 sample (mixture of 25% Cu & 75% Fe powder based on mass) • Cu-50 sample (mixture of 50% Cu & 50% Fe powder based on mass) • Cu-75 sample (mixture of 75% Cu & 25% Fe powder based on mass).
Multi-Scale Mixed Modality Microstructure Assessment for Titanium (M4AT) Data
Authors:   Air Force Research Laboratory, Wertz John , Cherry Matt , Homa Laura ,   University of Dayton Research Institute, Lorenzo Nick , Blasch Erik ,   Air Force Office of Strategic Research
Published: July 2022

The capability of a material depends on multiscale physical properties. In many cases, state-of-the-art material characterization methods for micro-to-mesoscale features require extensive preparation or destructive analysis. These shortcomings limit their use for quality control of component-scale parts, as extensive preparation or destructive analysis are prohibitively expensive or impossible for real-time assessment. One example is the detection and characterization of critical microtexture regions in titanium, where the state-of-the-art sensing method is both damaging and constrained to a laboratory environment. New sensing approaches that achieve the capability of laboratory-based characterization methods without destructive assessment offer promise for manufacturing, inspection, and assembly. A potential solution is to develop novel data fusion algorithms to compliment existing nondestructive evaluation techniques.
Розподіл напружень у клейовому шарі залежно від форми краю з'єднання
Authors: Kurennov Sergiy , Barakhov Kostiantyn , Vambol Olexiy , Pichugina Oksana
Published: July 2022

Adhesive lap joints are widely used in many ways of modern technology, particularly in aircraft and aerospace, because to the fact that adhesive joints don't break the integrity of the composite structure. Moreover, adhesive joints ensure the transfer of the loads from the surface of the structure and have low weight, excellent tightness, etc. Mathematical models of the stress-strain state in the adhesive joints are based on the certain hypotheses of the distribution of stresses and displacements in the adhesive layer and in the bearing layers. As a rule, hypotheses about the uniform distribution of shear and normal stresses in the adhesive layer are currently used in articles. The stress state of the joint in the regular area, that is, the area distant from the edge of the adhesive layer, is well described by mathematical models based on these hypotheses. However, in a neighborhood of the edge of the joint, the adhesive layer is in a complex stress state and various factors affect the stress state, including the boundary conditions at the outer edge of the adhesive layer. The research on stresses in a neighborhood of the joint area is carried out in the article. The influence of the stress in the adhesive layer of such designed solutions, such as chamfers on the edges of the bearing layers and glue callus, is shown. The designing solutions, such as the creation of a chamfer on the edge of the bearing layer and the callus of excess glue, can reduce stress at the edge of the joint is also shown in the article. The chamfer in the bearing layer on the side facing the adhesive layer on the one hand allows to reduce the rigidity of the bearing layer, on the other hand to increase the compliance of the adhesive layer. However, the entire space between the outer layers must be filled with adhesive. Thus, the presence of a chamfer and callus of glue significantly reduces the maximum stresses in the adhesive layer, and thereby increases the strength of the structure.