bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical modeling of technological process in formalin production
Authors: Botirov T V , Latipov Sh B , Buranov B M
Published: November 2021

Methods and algorithms of the sustainable synthesis of adaptive control systems for the technological process of formalin production have been proposed in this article. Parameters of the regulator are estimated in the developed adaptive control system, i.e. the purpose of adaptation is reduced to the estimation of coefficients of the regulator providing the specified behavior of the system. The results obtained and the analysis of transition processes based on the modeling of the control system showed that with adaptive control, mass fractions of formaldehyde and methanol in formalin are held within 36.5÷37.5% and 0.7÷0.9% respectively, while the specific consumption of the methanol decreases by 3÷4%, which allows the process in mode close to the optimal.
The gaseous hydrocarbon fuel combustion process diagnostics using laser-spark emission spectrometry
Authors: Vaganov M A , Kazakov V I
Published: November 2021

To solve the gaseous hydrocarbon fuel combustion process control and diagnostics problem, it is proposed to apply the laser-spark emission spectrometry methods. In propane-air mixture combustion, three modes are investigated: stoichiometric combustion, an enriched mixture, and a lean mixture. A laboratory stand has been developed to study combustion processes by laser-spark emission spectrometry. The plasma radiation spectral characteristics an experimental study results formed in a flame when exposed to laser radiation are presented.
Diffraction gratings analysis used in lensless camera technology
Authors: Marchuk V I , Samara I , Okorochkov A I , Yeghizaryan K A
Published: November 2021

We give diffraction gratings an analysis in the lensless camera’s construction, the reasons for their use in image processing, their use and the problems main positive factors associated with their consideration in the lensless camera’s construction. The diffraction gratings most common types examples that are currently used in the lens-free camera’s construction are given, their classification and approximate structure with giving their transfer functions mathematical description is given, and their use practical examples in solving various problems associated with image processing are considered. The various diffraction gratings basic advantages and lacks consideration analysis at lensless cameras construction and their use reasons are performed. Also, the questions connected with their further development at image processing construction and use in problems are considered.
Theoretical substantiation of optimum energy efficiency of ultrasonic wet dispersing
Authors: Golykh Roman N
Published: November 2021

The known preliminary experimental results of ultrasonic dispersing of suspension were presented and analyzed. The need for determination optimum modes providing maximum energy efficiency of ultrasonic wet dispersing is justified. The physical mechanism and the theoretical model of ultrasonic dispersing were proposed. The model allows to calculate fraction composition of dispersed particles and to evaluate, that the maximum of energy efficiency exists at fixed intensity for different materials of solid particles.
Some issues of solving inverse problems in optical systems with lensless cameras
Authors: Okorochkov A I , Marchuk V I , Samara I , Yeghizaryan K A
Published: November 2021

The inverse problems current state a general characteristic in optics is given, the approaches to their solution, their incorrect and unstable solutions cause are considered, and recommendations for these drawbacks elimination are given. General approaches to solving inverse problems in images reconstruction obtained in lensless cameras based on different masks are also considered, and their advantages and disadvantages in comparison with lensless lenses are pointed out, as well as their further research directions are indicated.
Nonlinear gyromagnetic transmission line design optimization for increasing radiopulse generation efficiency
Authors: Priputnev P V , Romanchenko I V , Maltsev S N , Mutilyn O O , Tarakanov V P
Published: November 2021

Using numerical simulation an optimization of gyromagnetic nonlinear transmission line design was carried out. The goal of simulation was to increase efficiency of video pulse into radiofrequency pulse transformation. Several factors significantly influencing the efficiency of generators were found. Experimental validation of some obtained results is also discussed.
Numerical calculation of intermolecular bonds under the action of ultrasonic cavitation
Authors: Golykh Roman N , Khmelev Vladimir N , Manyakhin Ivan A , Ilchenko Dmitry A , Minakov Vyacheslav D , Shakura Vladislav A
Published: November 2021

The linear model of macromolecules was proposed. Expression for probability of macromolecules breakup under ultrasonic cavitation action was obtained. The fractional composition and viscosity of uncured polymer were calculated. As a result of the calculations, it was evaluated that the cavitation-acoustic effect for a time of no more than 1 min at an vibration intensity of at least 6 W/cm2 and an initial viscosity of 0.2 Pa· s reduces the viscosity of polymers by at least 8 times. At the same time, it was theoretically revealed that the cavitation-acoustic effect is also capable of reducing the viscosity of polymers with an initial viscosity of more than 1 Pa·s up to 4 times.
Theoretical and experimental study of the effect of wollastonite on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete
Authors: Dobrosmyslov S S , Voronin A S , Fadeev Y V , Endzhievskaya I G , Khartov S V
Published: November 2021

As part of the work, an experimental and theoretical study of the effect of adding wollastonite on the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete was carried out. The internal stress was calculated according to Hooke’s law. The change in the specific volume was determined from the change in the volume of the hydrated phase. The calculation of the chemical interaction was carried out within the framework of thermodynamic equilibrium. According to the results of the work, it was shown that the addition of wollastonite leads to a linear decrease in the value of internal stresses, which is consistent with experimental results on the increase in compressive and bending strength.
Issues of developing receiving equipment for the passive method of induced polarization
Authors: Belolipetskii P V , Shajdurov G Y , Potylitsyn V S , Romanov V V
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the design of receiving equipment for the passive method of induced polarization (IP). It is shown that the best option for recording this kind of signals is a circuit with an input analogue part and amplification of 50-100 times, as well as an input gain of at least 3 MΩ and a digital part based on a modern twenty-four-bit analogue-to-digital converter (ADC). In this case, it is preferable to use one ADC per channel without multiplexing, for better suppression of inter-channel interference. Signal processing is performed using modern microcontrollers based on the Cortex M4 core, and then the data is transmitted via Bluetooth to a laptop or tablet, where visualization and post-processing is carried out. Thus, the proposed scheme for the implementation of the receiving equipment meets all the requirements for the receiving equipment for the passive IP method, and can be introduced into the practice of field work.
Physical and technological approaches to systemic film moistening
Authors: Kovalev V , Testoyedov N A , Blinnikov A V , Voroshilova A A , Borovinsky D V
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the physical and technological approaches to systemic film moistening. The features of storage and operation of film in various conditions are considered. A number of features and facts are presented that affect the organization of both systemic humidification and the maintenance of long-term storage of film materials on analog media. The article presents the main factors that affect the quality of the working surface of 35 mm and 16 mm film: the specifics of the composition of the film; the effects of a temporary, natural and technological nature on motion pictures; sophisticated technology for servicing analog film projectors, rewinding devices and film checking facilities. The analysis of the sequence of manipulations of technological equipment and chemical compositions for stable operation without gusts, drying and burnout of film materials is carried out. The article gives the physicochemical content of work on the stages of film moistening, taking into account the specifics of the applied filmostatic liquids. In the step-by-step process of moistening, after the end of each stage, the main results obtained are assessed by visual comparison of the image projections, followed by the digitization of the image and the correction of the result obtained in graphic editors. To eliminate artifacts, scratches and other elements of entropy, the authors recommend using neural network approaches for working with film materials.
Promising directions of information technologies applications for improving of control and measuring devices in medical industry
Authors: Zolkin A L , Munister V D , Bogaevskaya O Yu , Yumashev A V , Kornetov A N
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the problems of functioning and improvement of measuring and control devices in the medical industry. The classification, principles of organization of specialized, multifunctional and single-functional medical instrument and computer systems are considered. A model for solving the problem of scalability and availability through the use of non-relational data management systems that combine methods for achieving atomicity and data consistency is proposed. The promising diagnostic methods in medicine are described. The importance of a prompt assessment of the patient’s condition is emphasized. The optimization and modernization of the digital radiography using modern machine learning algorithms are given and justified.
Conceptual foundations for the development of developing software systems using multivariate synthesis of design solutions
Authors: Ryndin N A , Aksenov I A
Published: November 2021

Considering software systems as developing, changing their structure and characteristics during the entire process of development, implementation and operation is an important task. The difficulties that arise in this case, associated with the large dimension of combinatorial problems that arise in the process of studying software systems, taking into account the dynamics of their development, it is advisable to overcome on the basis of using methods of multivariate synthesis, with the help of which a multi-stage approach to solving emerging problems is formed, including evaluating the effectiveness of the solution at each stage.
Method of attractor reconstruction in modeling the integral risk indicator
Authors: Bogdanova L M , Nagibin S Ya , Rabinovich O A
Published: November 2021

This study examines a mathematical model for forecasting the dynamics of changes in the industrial safety risk indicator of an enterprise. The results of the development of a method for reconstructing the attractor of the integral risk indicator based on the Grassberger-Prokacchia algorithm, which is currently the most popular for analyzing time series and allowing automating the process of calculating a parameter that determines the number of points, for making a forecast. There are results of estimating the forecast of the dynamics of the behavior for a strange attractor, obtained on the basis of real data.
Combined architecture of an intelligent agent using models
Authors: Tokarev V L , Sychugov A A
Published: November 2021

The article considers the problem of building a multi-agent system for solving information security problems of automated process control systems. The architecture of an intelligent agent is proposed and studied, the features of which are the presence of a set of models used both for assessing the security of a certain node of the security object – an automated system, and for making decisions aimed at increasing the level of security. The results obtained in the course of research improve both the scientific and methodological apparatus for integrating methods of multi-agent technologies, and expand the areas of its practical application.
Development of an automaton based on rigid logic to control the irrigation system
Authors: Kostarev S N , Sereda T G , Novikov A V , Kochinov Y A , Kochinova T V
Published: November 2021

Managing the distribution of water resources for the southern regions of Russia is of great importance in connection with limiting the consumption of fresh water. The use of saline water can lead to soil salinization and negatively affect crop production. The article deals with the problem of constructing a sequential automaton for controlling the system of switching networks when watering plants on the example of the sanatorium “Rus” in the city of Anapa, Krasnodar Territory. The Mediterranean zone, where the city of Anapa is located, is characterized by a low level of precipitation, which leads to the need for artificial irrigation of plants. The existing irrigation system using a water tank truck based on the GAZ-53 is physically outdated, which required the development of a modern automated system. The flower alleys, located on the territory of the sanatorium, were structured in a tree-like form. The construction of a control device based on rigid logic is based on the Mealy automaton. A method for constructing a control system for a tree-like water supply network has been developed, which makes it possible to control the main, distribution and supply branches. A block diagram of an irrigation machine has been developed, which has a tree-like branching, which shows control signals and states of transitions. Synthesized logical equations for the control of the water supply system, using a blocking control system with feedback. It is proposed to use the Omron programmable logic controller and CX-One software as software and hardware. The distribution of the address space of the controller is shown. Simulation modeling of the system operation was carried out, which showed the correct logic of control over the work of water pressure supply in water pipelines. Implementation of the developed system will improve the quality of irrigation of plants and minimize the cost of irrigation.
Setting up data exchange between information systems that automate accounting at the enterprise
Authors: Mishina S V , Kornienko D V
Published: November 2021

The developers of 1C offer a line of software products to automate the production processes of enterprises. 1C: ERP Enterprise Management and 1C: Salary and Personnel Management are the flagship solutions of 1C. In the course of the work, the difficulties that arise when it is necessary to synchronize data between the configurations of 1C: ERP Enterprise Management and 1C: Salary and Personnel Management have been analyzed. This article analyzes the functionality of the above products. An overview of the main elements underlying the mechanism for synchronizing information between 1C applied solutions is given. The process of data exchange and synchronization between the products 1C: ERP Enterprise Management and 1C: Salary and Personnel Management using the built-in tools of the 1C software platform is considered. The process of organizing interaction and data synchronization in the considered solutions is presented. Recommendations related to setting up and receiving synchronized objects are given. The analysis of the results is carried out, conclusions are drawn.
Time series forecasting using amplitude-frequency analysis of STL components
Authors: Chkalova D G
Published: November 2021

The problem of economic time series analysis and forecasting using amplitude-frequency analysis of STL decomposition is considered. An amplitude-phase operator was chosen as an apparatus for extraction the series harmonic components, the advantages of which (compared to the Fourier transform) are: calculations speed, result accuracy, simplicity and interpretability of software implementation. The forecast quality was carried out using the MAPE metric. Significantly higher prediction quality was achieved compared to Facebook Prophet forecasting package.
Intelligent information system for supporting design solutions in the conditions of multivariate selection
Authors: Sergeev M Yu , Sergeeva T I , Grebennikova N I , Popov D V
Published: November 2021

The modeling of multivariate choice problems in the design of products within the framework of an information and software system is considered. The typical elements and functions of the information and software system of multivariate choice are given. Models of optimization problems of forming acceptable sets of alternative solutions when choosing analogs of parts and components are proposed. The formation of the initial set of alternative solutions is carried out on the basis of an assessment of the design, technological, electrical and operational characteristics of the alternatives of choice. The formalization of the problem of the final selection of the composition of parts and components according to technical and economic indicators is given. The proposed models are based on the use of Boolean variables describing the alternatives of choice. The structure of a specialized database of bath rooms for storing the characteristics of parts and components and the results of intermediate and final selection of design solutions is also given.
Methods and problems of analyzing process diagrams
Authors: Ryabukhin S I
Published: November 2021

Process diagrams of are widely used to develop conceptual database models, in particular to establish the types of relationships between process elements. For some types of process diagrams, methods have been developed for converting them into sets of relationships. However, there are objective reasons that make it difficult to convert process diagrams into adequate and complete sets of relationships.
Visualization of construction infrastructure objects
Authors: Zhadanov V I , Charikova I N , Shardakov V M
Published: November 2021

Building information modeling provides an integrated three-dimensional environment applied to the management of large-scale engineering projects, allowing you to reduce the cost and time for planning structures and requirements for the reliability of buildings. The purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for changing the layout and reliability factor during the visualization of three-dimensional models to improve the analysis of building plans. This approach will allow you to combine different analytical methods and approaches when planning different structures. The results of this work suggest new directions for future research in the field of information visualization for the construction complex. The system is compatible with portable and scalable mobile devices. The proposed system can also be used for pre-project architecture and augmented visualization, where proprietary developed methods are used to achieve the quality of photorealistic rendering.
Development of a system for analyzing and unloading road traffic using artificial intelligence
Authors: Akhmetov L M , Bikov D I , Khamidullin M R , Gareeva G A , Gabdullina G K
Published: November 2021

Every year, the growth rate of cars in Russia will continue to grow, which makes it extremely difficult to organize road traffic. To solve this problem, innovations in the automotive industry, such as smart traffic lights, are needed to more effectively regulate traffic on public roads. Therefore, an urgent issue is the development of a system for analyzing and unloading road traffic to improve the situation at intersections and subsequent automation through the introduction of artificial intelligence. The Arduino Uno was chosen as the layout for the organization of a smart traffic light.
Selection of neural network architecture and data augmentation procedures for predicting the course of cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Dorrer M G , Golovenkin S E , Nikulina S Yu , Orlova Yu V , Pelipeckaya E Yu , Vereshchagina T D
Published: November 2021

The article solves the problem of creating models for predicting the course and complications of cardiovascular diseases. Artificial neural networks based on the Keras library are used. The original dataset includes 1700 case histories. In addition, the dataset augmentation procedure was used. As a result, the overall accuracy exceeded 84%. Furthermore, optimizing the network architecture and dataset has increased the overall accuracy by 17% and precision by 7%.
Processing algorithms for finding the boundaries of areas of dangerous wind shear for on-board weather radar
Authors: Novikova Yu A , Ryzhikov M B
Published: November 2021

This report considers the results of the development of algorithms for processing radar data when working in the mode of detecting dangerous areas of wind shear, which use binary values of hazard signs in each direction of sensing as input parameters, are presented. The first of them implements data processing for each individual direction, and the second-joint processing in all directions. As a result of their work, it is possible to identify dangerous areas of wind shear that meet the spatial requirements of the international standards ARING-708A and DO-220.
Method of the optical recognition of technical documentation and the transformation of graphic information into machine-readable form for cognitive analysis
Authors: Dzyubanenko A A , Rabin A V
Published: November 2021

The paper proposes the implementation of the method of optical recognition of technical documentation and the transformation of graphic information into a machine-readable form available for cognitive analysis, which is based on the methods of binarization and alignment of images, text segmentation and recognition. The use of the proposed method will provide a dramatic reduction in the costs of cataloging, checking the completeness and inventory of documentation, as well as an increase in design quality due to the semantic analysis of documentation using a knowledge base that is updated automatically. The article presents the development of the algorithm for optical recognition of a document, preparation of an image for optical recognition of a document, an example of the application of the Sauvola method for binarization of an image, and an analysis of the research results. The proposed implementation allows the text recognition on scanned/photographed documents.
The problem of choosing the optimal performance in the multiprocessor computer system design
Authors: Efimov S N , Terskov V A , Yu Sakash I , Molokov V V , Nikiforov D L
Published: November 2021

The article presents the formulation of the problem of optimizing the structure of multiprocessor computing systems designed to solve control problems in real time. The features of this problem, which influence the choice of optimization methods, have been studied. It is concluded that this problem can be effectively solved using evolutionary methods of optimization. The considered models for finding performance can be used to optimize the architecture of multiprocessor computing systems. Besides, it should be taken into account that the resources allocated for the development and operation of computing systems are always limited. Therefore, it is advisable to consider the problem of optimizing the structure of a computing system as multi-criterial one: one criterion is the performance, and the other one is the cost of development and operation of the system. Acquired results can be used in development of multiprocessor computing systems for real-time systems, which is going to reduce the cost of development and operation of these control systems.
Information system for calculating paper-forming indicators of fibrous semi-finished products based on regression models
Authors: Marchenko R A , Yarovoy S V , Shurkina V I
Published: November 2021

The paper presents an information system for calculating the main paper-forming parameters of the pulp for given technological and design parameters of the grinding plant. The operation of the system is based on mathematical regression models of the processes that were obtained in the course of experimental studies of knife sets of various types. As input parameters in these models, the rotor speed, knife gap, concentration and degree of grinding of the mass are used. The output parameters are the grinding time, water retention capacity and average fiber length. The developed information system is a network web application with a modular structure. The modules are united by the main interface for the user. Each module implements a regression model for a specific type of headset. At the moment, the system has two modules for calculating the parameters of a percussion type headset and a headset with a curvilinear shape of knives. In the future, it is planned to add the ability to calculate indicators for headsets of other designs. It will also add the ability to solve optimization problems by finding the minimum or maximum value of the output parameters.
Method of analytical synthesis of coording control systems
Authors: Filimonov A B , Filimonov N B
Published: November 2021

The problems of coordinating control are discussed. The method of analytical synthesis of coordinating automatic systems is proposed. Their purpose of control is formulated in the form of the task of control relations between the state variables of a multichannel object or a group of objects. The problem of coordination is studied in a different formulation compared to the classical papers. Control processes are formed by means of two multi-dimensional contours: the contour of aggregate control by the dynamics of the object as a whole, and the contour of regulation of inter-coordinate relations. The autonomy of the second contour plays a key role in the proposed solutions. The procedures for calculating the control contours are based on the devise of the transfer matrices apparatus.
Synthesis method of circulant polynomial encoding matrices for the implementation of code-division multiplexing
Authors: Vinar P O , Rabin S V , Rabin A V
Published: November 2021

The method of the synthesis of circulant polynomial matrices for the implementation of the operation of code combining of channels on the transmitting side of the communication system has been developed. The structure of these matrices is the basis for reducing the complexity of encoder schemes and, consequently, the radiated power of radio transmitters of subscriber devices. The research results can be applied in communication systems with multiple access, with a wide coverage area, high quality of data transmission, high noise immunity, stability of communication channels from interception and eavesdropping.
On the application of a discharge with liquid electrodes for polishing metal surfaces
Authors: Kh Tazmeev B , Tsybulevsky V V
Published: November 2021

The work investigates the electrical parameters of the discharge plasma with a liquid cathode and a combined porous anode. The discharge is carried out in the vertical position of the plasma column, has a volumetric multichannel structure with a pronounced diffuse structure of the electrode spots. The influence of the porous element on the stabilization of the discharge characteristics is revealed. Discharges with a liquid electrolyte cathode continue to be of great interest from the point of view of practical application and are studied in a wide range of changes in physical and geometric characteristics [1 - 4]. Discharge plasma with a liquid cathode can be most effectively used for cleaning, polishing, with simultaneous removal of fractured and relief layers, hardening, gas saturation, surface activation, improvement of mechanical and other characteristics of agricultural machinery parts. In this work, for plasma polishing, parts of the bearing assemblies of disc harrows were selected.
Research of soil compaction process in area of contact with a wheel mover
Authors: Kokieva G E , Troyanovskaya I P , Orekhovskaya A A , Kalimullin M N , Dzjasheev A-M S , Ivanov A A , Sokolova V A
Published: November 2021

Practice of operating heavy wheeled machines (T-150K, K-700, K-701) and experimental data show that even if the average pressure of a wheel on soil is maintained, degree of its compaction increases. To explain this phenomenon, in our opinion, it is necessary to develop a mathematical model of interaction process of a deformable pneumatic with an elastic-plastic medium, which is considered to be soil subject to modern processing. Working parts of agricultural machines process a wide variety of materials, number of which is increasing, in addition, method of processing the same material is often changed in an effort to improve agricultural technology. This forces us to create new mechanisms for agriculture that were known before. Use of replaceable toothed working parts on flat-cut cultivators helps to reduce energy consumption and improve quality of non-moldboard soil cultivation. Article proposes a method for mathematical description of distribution of machine load over contact surface of a wheeled mover with deformable soil. At the same time, several assumptions and conditions were adopted, namely: volume of skeletal part of deformable soil element remains constant, independent of deformation; contact surface is a curve of two radii - in the load zone (Rl) and in the unloading zone (Ru), tire operating in driven mode has no skids; deformable soil is uniform in depth; wheel load is constant; tire radial stiffness along tread portion width is also constant in magnitude and direction; lateral pressure along deformable soil depth is small and is not taken into account in calculation.
Providing statistical stability of qualimetric studies on the basis of geochronological tracking
Authors: Ivakin Ya A , Semenova E G , Ruchev A G , Smirnova M S
Published: November 2021

Geochronological tracking has received wide recognition as an appropriate scientific and methodological tool and an effective information technology of qualimetric research in the interests of ensuring high quality of transport services, transportation efficiency, analysis of the facts of insufficient meeting the needs of the population with spatially remote services, etc. On the basis of geochronotracking, a procedure has been developed for statistical verification of research hypotheses about stable trends in changes in the quality of various spatio-temporal processes. The reliability and validity of accepting a particular hypothesis in the framework of a qualimetric research is determined by the representativeness of the volume of initial data on geographical movements, considered as a selection from the general population. This article is devoted to the analysis of this dependence and the development of an algorithm for assessing the specified stability (significance).
Mathematical model for assessing lateral stability of articulated tracked vehicles
Authors: Chajkin A P , Yu Dobretsov R , Sokolova V A , Teterina I A , Kamenchukov A V , Tikhonov E A , Bazykin V I
Published: November 2021

The article considers the problem of increasing transport productivity, operational reliability and safety during cargo transportation by using articulated tracked vehicles and road trains with active trailers. The influence of the introduction of an electromechanical drive, the modernization of the propulsion unit and the steering control system on the lateral stability of an articulated tracked vehicle is analyzed. A mathematical model is described for calculating the lateral stability of the chassis of articulated tracked vehicles used in the regions of the Far North, Arctic and Antarctic. The model is based on developments carried out for the chassis of an articulated wheeled vehicle. The model allows calculating to determine the key geometric and kinematic parameters of the rotation, taking into account the action of external forces. The use of holonomic constraints in determining the critical speed of movement is determined by the physical picture of the beginning of overturning, which corresponds to the achievement of the critical folding angle of the sections. This approach makes it possible not to use empirical coefficients when assessing the instantaneous position of the center of gravity of the system, the center of rotation, the radius of rotation of the center of mass, and the critical speed of the chassis. The moment of the beginning of the rollover is determined by the disappearance of the normal reaction under the link caterpillar. The onset of lateral sliding is determined by the lateral force exceeding the lateral adhesion limit.
Design of energy efficient inductors for connecting pipelines of oil and gas equipment
Authors: Kukartsev V A , Cherepanov A I , Kukartsev V V , Kuznetsov A V , Minkin A N , Egorov A V
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the problem of soldering the installation connections of equipment using induction heating methods. The analysis of the subject area has been carried out. Methods for obtaining permanent connections of oil and gas equipment are considered. A comparison of the characteristics of energy sources for welding is carried out, and the characteristics of the efficiency of methods for obtaining permanent joints are also given. Induction brazing is considered as an alternative method for obtaining permanent joints, namely, an inductor for soldering fittings and flanges. The calculations of the required power of the equipment, used for soldering the field connections of the equipment, have been made. As a result of the work, the authors calculated the main parameters of the inductor for soldering the flanges of the fittings and designed sets of inductors with a diameter of Dy
= 40 mm, Dy
= 50 mm, Dy
= 80 mm for soldering the flanges of the fittings.
Analysis of approaches for creating pipe connections in oil and gas equipment
Authors: Bashmur K A , Kukartsev V A , Tynchenko V S , Kravcova E G , Kuznetsov A V , Egorov A V
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the problem of connecting pipelines in the oil and gas industry. One of the connection methods is resistance welding. Often, the use of this approach shows muted efficiency as it depends on the qualifications of the welder. A technique for creating flange (plane) connections with a pipe in the oil and gas industry is considered. The necessary equipment and types of welds within the considered area are considered. Thus, it is necessary to conduct a literature-patent review to find an alternative method for creating welded joints in oil and gas pipelines in order to increase the reliability of such joints and reduce the cost of production. The analysis of the subject area and the search for possible solutions to the problem posed were carried out. Various welding methods (manual electric arc, automatic submerged-arc welding, induction brazing, etc.) are considered and a comparison of the main welding methods is given, as well as the rationale for the use of electron beam welding to create such pipe joints.
Study of gold-bearing ores material and mineralogical composition in Lower Angara region
Authors: Gron V A , Medved N V , Galayko A V , Gron M S
Published: November 2021

In connection with the involvement in new deposits exploitation, represented by refractory oxidized ores with a fine-dispersed phase and valuable component low content, there have been trends in the processing of this type of raw material. The alluvial gold-bearing sands of Lower Angara region are of practical interest. The results of the material and mineralogical composition of gold-bearing ores made it possible to establish that most rock fragments are quartz-mica schists, which are dilapidated by weathering up to 15% of the sample mass and clay inclusions. Ore by 61.5% is presented with grain size of more than 20 mm. Gold is distributed almost evenly by size class. Basically, gold is found in intergrowths with quartz, mica, pyrite, and clay components. The size of the gold grains ranges from 0.03 to 0.05 mm to several microns. The content of the valuable component was about 3-5%. The result of gravity concentration of the original ores showed the possibility of obtaining gravity concentrates with a metal content of 220-250 g/t, with extraction up to 93-95% and obtaining tailings from 0.3-0.5 g/t, followed by leaching of cyanide and sulfur-alkaline solutions. The extraction of the valuable component into the solution was 80% and 98%, respectively. The results obtained indicate the possibility of processing these types of ores in Lower Angara region.
Device for connecting elements of main oil and gas pipelines using electron beam welding
Authors: Kravcova E G , Kaizer Yu F , Tynchenko V S , Ch Mongush S , Katargin S N , Yu Vaitekunaite P
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the problem of connecting pipelines in the oil and gas industry. To improve the quality of welds on the oil pipeline, the article proposes an alternative method of welding and venting the beam into the atmosphere. This method includes a mobile installation for electron beam welding, in which, in manual mode, it is possible to adjust the seam speed, penetration depth, change the trajectory of the weld and the position of the installation relative to the pipe axis. Guns with a plasma cathode, which allow welding products in the atmosphere, are considered. The power of the generators is also calculated, and the generators are selected corresponding to the put forward requirements. In the course of the work, the authors are designing an electron beam welding unit, which in the future is planned to be developed as a mobile one. The mobile installation includes: a generator directing the belt to the pipe, a horizontal displacement motor, a welding positioner, an electron gun with a plasma cathode.
Experience in the application of the non-destructive method of acoustic emission in the production of titanium billets and products of transport engineering
Authors: Yu Remshev E , Olehver A I , Voinash S A , Sokolova V A , Ivanov A A , Malikov V N , Vagizov T N
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the issue of using the non-destructive method of acoustic emission at the stage of blank production. So, due to the violation of the heat treatment modes, various defects are formed in the starting material, which affects the operational properties of the finished products. To eliminate this problem, the stages of production of titanium blanks and products of transport engineering were studied, such as: heat and mechanical treatment, ultrasonic quality control, determination of the level of mechanical properties and control of the structure. In the course of the research, a method of acoustic emission control was developed and tested. The experiment on setting the locations of defects was carried out on ingots of VT22 titanium alloy during cooling. The reliability of the developed method is confirmed by the existing method of ultrasonic flaw detection. It has been established that this method can be effectively used to control workpieces and machined workpieces for the manufacture of particularly critical mirrors for searching for inhomogeneous inclusions and increasing the efficiency of the technological process by eliminating machining of VT1-0 titanium surfaces with inhomogeneous inclusions. In addition, this method can be used to search for defects commensurate with the grain size of the ingot, as well as significantly smaller sizes.
The rolling simulation for cold work metal hardening
Authors: Urazov V , Danilov A D , Yu Gusev K , Yu Gusev P , Meshkov D N
Published: November 2021

This article describes the results of a calculation and experimental analysis of destructive physical phenomena that appear in critical sections of industrial and power-related equipment, and lead to occurrence of various operational damages. It was shown that pipeline welded connections are the sections most prone to crack development, therefore the traditional strength calculations need to be combined with fracture mechanics criteria and thorough materials analysis of flawing and structural imperfection. The cold work hardening technique was proposed as a solution for the problem of critical sections performance property restoration. The technique uses surface plastic deformation phenomenon to change the material’s throughthickness stress distribution. In order to optimise surface hardening for welded connections prone to defect formation, we proposed a simulation for analysing an actual pipeline sections load. To assess the applicability of the simulation results, the cold work hardening technique was developed and introduced using a full-scale test sample for damaged areas of welded connections in ø426×40 vent pipes at Novovoronezh NPP Unit No.5.
Cultivator points of the rotary tillage loosening and separating machine of the stratifier
Authors: Syromyatnikov Y N , Orekhovskaya A A , Dzjasheev A-M S , Kalimullin M N , Tikhonov E A , Luchinovich A A , Bielykh A V
Published: November 2021

The object of the study is the process of functioning of the working bodies of a rotary tillage machine, with the help of which the lifting and feeding of the soil cut by them to the loosening and separating device is carried out. The technological process of the machine operation is described with the cultivator points from the chisel working body installed in the front part of the pointed paw, which are located at an angle of 260 to the horizon and properly ensure the penetration of the working bodies into the soil. Using the method of variational calcification, the form of the minimum traction resistance cultivator points for lifting and feeding the soil to the loosening and separating device is justified. It was experimentally determined that a cultivator points with a theoretically justified profile has a traction resistance 38.7% less than a cultivator points with a straight profile. The relevance of the study is to ensure the minimum traction resistance of the working bodies for cutting and lifting the soil of a rotary tillage machine, which will make it possible to reduce energy costs for pre-sowing tillage. The target group of consumers of information in the article is designers, specialists engaged in the development of tillage machines.
Modeling of the process of safe functioning of a mechanized feed production complex
Authors: Chepelev N I , Cherkasova N G , Maslova T V
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the concept of the safe production process of forage by improving the means of mechanization in order to reduce injuries to workers and improve working conditions. A modern feed mill is an industrial complex and is quite specific, characterized by the peculiarities of the developing the factors that affect the health of workers, as well as the nature and level of their morbidity. Sources of hazards are power plants (transformers, electric motors, distribution panels and points, compressor stations, boiler plants, etc.), a significant number of various technological, transport and auxiliary equipment; mobile and self-propelled means of mechanization. A large number of different types of raw materials, often with specific properties, finely dispersed, with tendency to caking, dust releasing, pass through the communications of the enterprise, are stored in silos, bunkers, floor-type warehouses. With the effective implementation of the developed model, the process becomes explosion and fire safe, safe for the environment and comfortable during operation.
Improving stability of movement of machine section for soil preparation and seeding
Authors: Syromyatnikov Y N , Orekhovskaya A A , Dzjasheev A-M S , Tikhonov E A , Kalimullin M N , Ivanov A A , Sokolova V A
Published: November 2021

The subject research is operation of a combined machine for soil preparation and seeding of sunflower and corn seeds. Technological process of machine operation with installed guides, passive rotating flat discs with flanges (which properly ensure movement of soil along the plough share to loosening-separating device), a sowing device, a seed tube, a furrow former, a rotor, a separating grid, a parallelogram mechanism, a spring, a share is described. Dynamic prerequisites for increasing uniformity of depth of groove formation and seed placement in depth in soil are considered. Values of length of links of parallelogram mechanism, initial angle of their installation and stiffness of spring, values of deviations of combined machine section from given depth of movement of plough share are determined. It is proved that with an increase in length of levers of parallelogram mechanism, maximum deviations of section increase. An increase in initial angle of inclination of levers of parallelogram mechanism causes an increase in maximum deflections. As spring stiffness increases, maximum deflections decrease. Relevance of study lies in ensuring stability of copying soil surface by working bodies of combined machine while depth of seeding remains unchanged along entire length of movement, which will make it possible to increase movement speed and unit width. Target group of consumers of information in the article - designers, specialists involved in development of tillage machines.
The method of expert assessments as applied to the ranking of technical solutions in the design of a tractor gearbox
Authors: Yu Dobretsov R , Dobretsova S B , Troyanovskaya I P , Tikhonov E A , Nuretdinov D I
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this work is to select a rational concept of the transmission of the tractor being created on the basis of an objective quantitative comprehensive assessment of the considered possible design options. The object of research is the transmission of wheeled tractors of 4 and 6-8 traction classes and forest machines based on their chassis. Making a decision on the principles of building a transmission is an important stage that requires a proper analysis of known theoretical developments, production experience, competitors’ achievements, market conditions and other factors. The decision is based on the ranking of the options available for implementation of the object. It is advisable to support such a ranking with the results of an objective quantitative comprehensive assessment of the compared options. The key points in this case are the formation of a nomenclature of objective private performance indicators and the choice of a data processing method. The paper considers the issue of applying the method of expert assessments when choosing the concept of constructing a transmission and the type of transforming mechanism of a tractor. The algorithm of the method, initial data, and evaluation results are presented. The main solutions for the construction of the transmission of tractors of 4 and 6-8 traction classes have been formulated.
On the assessment of the potential for extracting information on defects in the main pipeline by the method of radar analysis of natural oscillation frequency
Authors: Maykov O A , Kokhonkova E A , Baturin T N
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the issue of diagnostics of main pipelines by the vibration method, exploring the influence of the formation of cracks in the walls of the pipeline on the change in the frequency characteristics of the pipeline. By analyzing the difference in the natural oscillation frequency of a pipe with a crack and without it, it is possible to assess the location of the defect with a certain accuracy. The issue of the possibility of reading the natural oscillations of the main pipeline from the surface of the soil located above the pipeline is also being studied.