bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Land Degradation Within the Bahluieţ Catchment
Authors: Popa Ionela , Ioniţă Ion
Published: June 2016

The Bahluieţ catchment, located in the Moldavian Plateau, at the contact between the Jijia Rolling Plain, the Suceava Plateau and the Central Moldavian Plateau, has 54,866 hectares in size. The sculptural landforms are prevailing, described by elongated rolling hills, and are underlain by the Bessarabian layers laid in marine brackish facies. In turn, the typical plateau relief (Coasta Iasilor and the eastern border of the Suceava Plateau) is developed in coastal facies also Bessarabian in age.

This paper focuses on the spatial distribution and intensity of land degradation processes and associated controlling factors within the Bahluieţ catchment. The most characteristic geomorphological processes, playing an essential role in the morphogenesis of the landforms are soil erosion and landslides, while gully erosion and sedimentation have a reduced intensity.

Soil erosion is ubiquitous, being the process with the highest extension. Therefore, the soils on the arable land, affected by moderate-excessive erosion, hold a weight of 38%. The slopes subjected to landslides are stretching on 19,040 ha, representing 35% of the studied area. Nowadays, most landslides show high degree of stability, due to the drier period of time since 1982. The gully erosion has a reduced incidence resulting from the prevailing Bessarabian clayey-sandy facies. The average rate of sedimentation in reservoirs, after the year 1986, is around 2 cm yr-1.

Land degradation within the Bahluieţ catchment occurs on steeper slopes, mainly in the shape of cuesta fronts, usually northern and western facing, but also on some degraded cuesta back slopes.
Managerial Tools for Sustainable Development
Authors: Danubianu Mirela , Teodorescu Cristian
Published: June 2016

In the last decade, complex statistical studies related to top managerial tools proven to impact the most the performances of business companies show the following (changing) hierarchy (excerpts):

- Strategic Planning;

- Customer Relationship Management;

- Employee Engagement Survey;

- Corporate Social Responsibility;

- Balanced Scorecard.

These tools are, practically, unknown to the majority of companies with Romanian capital. This cannot go on like that. The main argument comes from the conditions in which these companies act, from increasing challenges from similar EU companies, from globalization and from increased awareness for sustainable development. The paper tries to identify a common mainframe for implementing such tools. Specific aspects are also given as examples.

Main conclusions are:

1. Even in a general mainframe, there is no unique approach applicable to all companies;

2. Involvement of top managers is essential;

3. The appointed implementation team is multidisciplinary in every case (technical experts, economists, environmentalists, mathematicians, IT professionals, etc.). Their legitimacy gives consistence and coherence to the implementing process;

4. An external, neutral facilitator is a must. He is the guide, the referee, the one that deals with possible disputes and divergences in the team;

5. All new managerial tools must be based on what companies already have; This paper is the first in a series dedicated to the subject and comes as a side result of the PAZEWAIA Project, financed by Innovation Norway, project currently active in the North-East Development Region of Romania.
Drought Assessment in the Moldavian Plain
Authors: Pelin Liviu Ioan
Published: June 2016

The Moldavian Plain, located in the North-Eastern part of Romania, has a temperate-continental climate with a nuance of excessivity in the precipitation regime. This paper aims to analyse droughts in the Moldavian Plain for the period 1961-2010, by using a classical method - the de Martonne Aridity Index, and two other less known indices developed in Romania and the Republic of Moldova. Among these indices, the Dry Spells Index demonstrates a increasing frequency of dry years in recent decades.
Civil Engineering and Building Service Topographic Permanent Landmarks Network. Spatial Coordinate Optimization
Authors: Lepadatu Daniel , Judele Loredana , Sandulache Gabriel , Mocreac Viorica
Published: June 2016

Sustainable development is a modern concept of adaptation conditions for achieving objectives that respond simultaneously to at least three major requirements: economic, social and environmental. Achieving sustainable development cannot be accomplished without a change of mentality of people and without communities able to use resources rationally and efficiently. For an efficient application programs surveying topography discipline the students have imagined and created a network of local topographic permanent terminals required for reporting the rectangular coordinates of applications. In order to obtain more accurate values of these coordinates we have made several types of measurements that will be presented in detail in this work.

The aim of this paper is to optimize the locating terminals coordinates of the points of our faculty, initially determined using GPS technology. Additional measurements were performed in an interval of one year using a total station. Considering that four previously determined terminal network points were placed between the relatively tall buildings, it was decided that it could be better to determine their spatial coordinates using the classical planimetric surveying method. To this end, the coordinates of the two reference points were located and determined near this network with the help of GPS technology in an area with good visibility. In order to determine the coordinates of the two reference points GNSS Permanent Stations National Network was used through the RTK method: RTCM (Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services). The measurements were using GPS SOUTH S82T, whose field book has the implemented software transcomputation real-time geographic coordinates in STEREO-70 coordinate system. The network of permanent GNSS stations used the fixed station IASI_2.3 and the virtual station RO_MAC_3.1_GG. The solutions for the new determined points were fixed, the determination’s accuracy ranging between 0.034-0.010 meters. Following these two rounds of measurements of the locating terminals coordinates of the network points of the faculty using GPS technology combined with the classical planimetric surveying method, we got a new set of coordinates with a higher degree of determination accuracy after averaging the results.
The Thermal Regime of Air in the Rarău Massif
Authors: Mihailescu Catalin Mihai , Apostol Liviu
Published: June 2016

The air temperature variability and locally global warming impact, in the North Eastern Carpathians, have analyzed, namely in the high area of the Massif Rarău, as the environmental implications of these changes. Also taking into account the touristic potential of this area, some aspects of thermal regime change have been highlighted, with implications for tourism. For this study the string climate data have been used from the meteorological station Rarău, currently belonging to the Faculty of Geography and Geology, University Alexandru Ioan Cuza. The yearly average of air temperature at the meteorological station Rarău was 2.5°C over the period 1958-2015. The annual variations were from -1.3°C in comparition with the annual average in 1980 to +1.7°C in 2015. The lowest monthly average was in January, 6.7°C, the highest in July, 11.8°C and annual average amplitude was 18.5°C.
Revitalisation of the Ruins of the Abbey-Tower at Sint-Truiden
Authors: Van Gemert Dionys , Brosens K. , van Meer H.
Published: June 2016

The restoration of the ruins of the Abbey-Tower in the city centre of Sint-Truiden in Belgium is presented as an example of the tedious and comprehensive task involved in all restoration or rehabilitation projects, where the extra cost of the restoration must be justified by the added value connected with the conservation of authenticity and with the contribution to sustainable development. The development and evolution of the project took 28 years, between the damages caused by the fire in 1975 and the start of the restoration in 2003. Since 2004, the restored ruin started a new life as a beacon of the city of Sint-Truiden, highly appreciated by tourists as well as by the inhabitants.
Schizophrenia: the role of sleep and circadian rhythms in regulating dopamine and psychosis
Authors: Yates Nathanael James
Published: June 2016

Schizophrenia has long been associated with abnormalities in circadian rhythms and sleep. Up until now, there have been no thorough reviews of the potential mechanisms behind the myriad of circadian and sleep abnormalities observed in schizophrenia and psychosis. We present evidence of sleep playing an important role in psychosis predominantly mediated by dopaminergic pathways. A synthesis of both human and animal experimental work suggests that the interplay between sleep and dopamine is important in the generation and maintenance of psychosis. In particular, both animal and human data point to sleep disruption increasing dopamine release and sensitivity. Furthermore, elevated dopamine levels disrupt sleep and circadian rhythms. The synthesis of knowledge suggests that circadian rhythms, dopamine dysregulation, and psychosis are intricately linked. This suggests that treatment of circadian disturbance may be a useful target in improving the lives and symptoms of patients with schizophrenia.
Social reflection, performed role-conformant and role-discrepant responsibility, and the unity of responsibility: a social psychological perspective
Authors: Mieg Harald A.
Published: June 2016

This paper contributes to the study of responsibility as a social fact (Durkheim), combining research from social psychology, philosophy, and sociology. The pivotal concept is social reflection that serves to better understand how responsibility is performed in different social situations. The paper presents an experiment, providing evidence for, inter alia, the central complexity hypothesis: Under a complex perspective (implying increased social reflection) more responsibility is performed than under a less complex perspective (implying less social reflection). The paper concludes with considerations on the principle and unity of responsibility.
Verantwortung für Gesundheit: Formen, Funktionen und Folgen der Zurechnung
Authors: Schmidt Bettina
Published: June 2016

Die Frage danach, wer verantwortlich ist für die Gesundheit einer Bevölkerung, wird kontrovers diskutiert. Derzeit wird vor allem der Einzelne für verantwortlich gehalten für den Erhalt seiner gesunden funktionstüchtigen Leistungsfähigkeit. Andere Verantwortungsakteure mit Einfluss auf die Gesundheit stehen seltener im Aufmerksamkeitsfokus, obwohl auch sie den Gesundheitszustand einer Bevölkerung masgeblich mitbestimmen können, etwa durch die Gestaltung von Arbeits- oder Wohnbedingungen, den Zugang zu Bildung oder Gesundheitsversorgung. Eine effektive Gesundheitsforderung benötigt kollektive und konzertierte Anstrengungen aller relevanten Gesundheitsakteure, insbesondere um gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten besser als bislang zu reduzieren. Eine akzeptanzorientierte benutzerfreundliche Gesundheitsforderung basiert auf kooperativen Verantwortungsarrangements und zielt darauf ab, Strategien zu entwickeln, die der Bevölkerung sowohl das notwendige Maß an individueller Freiheit als auch das notwendige Maß an Schutz und Unterstützung gewähren.
Prekäre Verantwortung zwischen Entpolitisierung und politischer (Selbst-)Steuerung: Verantwortungskonflikte in der Politischen Bildung
Authors: Eis Andreas , Moulin-Doos Claire
Published: June 2016

Im Beitrag wird die These begründet, dass moderne Verantwortungsrelationen sich nicht nur verschieben, sondern sich tendenziell auflösen. Dieser Prozess ist durch eine Entpolitisierung gesellschaftlicher Steuerung gekennzeichnet, die sich auch in der normativen Neuausrichtung einer »postpolitischen« Bildung niederschlagt. Es wird analysiert, inwiefern die Bedeutungsverschiebungen politischer Verantwortung demokratietheoretische Grundannahmen der Politischen Bildung infrage stellen. Dabei wird untersucht, inwiefern die Handlungsraume der Zivilgesellschaft in bildungspolitischen Diskursen von individualisierten, entpolitisierten Leitbildern sozialen Handeln dominiert werden. Vielfach geht es hier um soziales Engagement, moralische Verantwortung und individuelle Kompetenzentwicklung, jedoch weniger um kollektives, machtbezogenes Handeln in gesellschaftlichen Auseinandersetzungen. Die Autoren argumentieren daher für einen hegemonie- und subjektkritischen Ansatz Politischer Bildung, dessen zentrale Aufgabe es ist, die Ermöglichungs- und Verhinderungsbedingungen »mündiger Subjekte« vor dem Hintergrund einer Herrschaftsanalyse von Verantwortungsbeziehungen zu klären und neue kollektive Handlungsraume aufzuzeigen oder zu erproben.
Tourismus im Ländervergleich
Authors: Lehmann Friedli Therese , Bandi Monika
Published: June 2016

In einem Ländervergleich zwischen Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz zeigen sich die größten Differenzen im touristischen Bildungssystem in der Berufsbildung. In Deutschland und Österreich haben die Lehrabschlüsse im Gastgewerbe in den letzten Jahren im Vergleich zum Total aller Branchen überproportional abgenommen. In der Schweiz konnte der Anteil dank einer Zunahme von rund 1000 Abschlüssen konstant gehalten werden. Als Treiber dahinter steckt die Dynamik für Berufsrevisionen (Überarbeitung Bildungspläne) und -reformen (neue Berufe). Das vielfältige Bildungsangebot geniesst daher auch auf Tertiärstufe einen hohen Stellenwert. Der Anteil an Personen mit Tertiärabschluss liegt mit 14 % leicht höher als in den Vergleichsländern (10 %). Mit einem durchlässigen, gut ausgebauten Berufsbildungsangebot können Branchenbedürfnisse und Dynamiken aus Marktentwicklungen besonders gut aufgenommen werden.
Abenteuertourismus in der Hochschulausbildung in Deutschland
Authors: Sand Manuel S. , Groß Sven
Published: June 2016

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Tourismuszweig des Abenteuertourismus und seiner Verbreitung in der deutschen Hochschullandschaft. Abenteuertourismus ist international im Trend und auch in Deutschland steigt zunehmend das Interesse für Abenteueraktivitäten und Erlebnisreisen. Die Bedeutung in der deutschsprachigen Tourismusforschungs-Community ist jedoch bislang ebenso gering wie die Anzahl an Studienprogrammen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt den aktuellen Ist-Stand auf und versucht eine stärkere Beachtung und Vernetzung im Abenteuertourismus anzuregen. Dazu wird der Abenteuertourismus definiert, die Verbreitung in Deutschland skizziert und das aktuelle Hochschulausbildungsangebot analysiert. Neben Herausforderungen und Chancen in der Bildung werden auch Handlungsempfehlungen gegeben
Online Learning Formats in Tourism and Hospitality Higher Education
Authors: Zehrer Anita , Schuckert Markus
Published: June 2016

Die Wichtigkeit von eLearning hat aufgrund der Reichweite und Anwenderfreundlichkeit von digitalen Technologien stark zugenommen. Dies trifft auch auf den Bereich Tourismus zu. Allerdings sind digitale Lehr- und Lernformate, der damit verbundene Kompetenzerwerb, die Aktivitäten zur Verbesserung der Lernleistung sowie die Beurteilung des Lernergebnisses grundsätzlich vergleichbar mit traditionellen Lernformaten. Auch Onlineformate beginnen zuerst mit der Entwicklung des Curriculums und entscheiden dann über die geeigneten Technologien zur Wissensvermittlung – nicht umgekehrt. Diese Vorgehensweise garantiert die konstruktive Anpassung der Lernaktivitäten, -ergebnisse und -beurteilungen. Ähnlich wichtig, wie die Planung der Lehrveranstaltung, ist das Wissen um Technologien, Werkzeuge und digitaler Didaktik, die für eine Lehrveranstaltung, ein Modul oder ein Studienprogramm eingesetzt werden können.

Dieser Artikel nähert sich dem Thema auf der Basis mehrerer theoretischer Konzepte an - dem konstruktivistischen Lernmodell, sowie dem transformativen, experimentellen und authentischen Lernen, welche auf das Lernen online projiziert werden. Basierend auf den Lerntheorien wird daher untersucht, warum eLearning im Tourismus zunehmend wichtiger wird. In einem weiteren Schritt werden auf Basis des Wertekanons der Teaching Education Futures Initiative (TEFI) Online-Elemente im Curriculum sowie geeignete Technologien für die Lehre angewendet. Der Beitrag schließt mit Empfehlungen für Pädagogen und Praktiker.
Evaluation of formality and informality of the learning context
Authors: Adukaite Asta , Cantoni Lorenzo , Kalbaska Nadzeya
Published: June 2016

Destinations-Management-Organisationen greifen seit jüngster Zeit auf Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien für Weiter-bildungszwecke zurück. Der Sinn dahinter ist, Reisekaufleute, Reiseberater und Reiseanbieter fortzubilden, um es ihnen zu ermöglichen, eine spezifische Destination und ihre Attraktionen besser zu vermitteln und zu verkaufen. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit formellen und informellen Perspektiven des Lernens und bezweckt in erster Linie, die aktuellen eLearning-Kurse zum Thema Touristendestinationen hinsichtlich ihrer formellen und informellen Lern-Erfahrungen einzuordnen. Zweitens sollen in diesem Beitrag die Auffasungen der Reisekaufleute zum Thema der Lern-Erfahrung durch formelle und informelle Lernerfahrungen aufgezeigt werden, die von einer regionalen Schweizer Destination angeboten werden. Hinsichtlich der hergestellten Lernsoftware könnte man solche Kurse als formelles Lernen betrachten, da die Inhalte nach strikten Vorgaben gestaltet und strukturiert sind und ein finaler Test/Zertifikat vorgesehen ist. Bezieht man sich jedoch auf die Perspektive der Nachfragenden – also beispielsweise auf die tatsächlichen Lernerfahrungen der Reisekaufleute – lassen sich einige informelle Lernpraktiken und –Details erkennen. Dazu gehören beispielsweise die Spontaneität, sich ebenso für einen Kurs, wie auch für dessen Veranstaltungsort und Zeitraum, zu entscheiden. Die Erkenntnisse dieser Studie tragen zu einem tieferen Verständnis der Aspekte formellen und informellen Lernens bei, die für die Wissensbildung von Reise- und Touristikspezialisten über touristische Destinationen relevant sind.
The Genesis of the Idea ‘Dutch Written Literature’ in Bohemia
Authors: Engelbrecht Wilken
Published: June 2016

Since mid-19th century Dutch and Flemish literature has often been translated into Central European languages. We find authors like Conscience, Multatuli or Heijermans almost everywhere, often with the same works. Until the late 19th century translations were often made via German. Czech had a special position. Though there is not that much translated into this language as into German, until World War II Czech was the language into which was translated more than into other Central European languages. Until the 20s many translators were writers themselves. This gives rise to questions such as how the choice was made, what is the position of a particular author or his work within translated literature? How was Dutch literature defined? In this paper, we give a look how the choice was made, at the position of translators of Dutch literature in the late 19th and early 20th century in the Czech literary field, the position of Dutch in their work and how this literature was received in translation.
Orfandad, exilio y utopía en el pensamiento literario de Tomás Segovia
Authors: Pascual Gay Juan
Published: June 2016

Este texto pretende una aproximación al desarrollo de ciertas ideascentrales presentes en la obra de Tomás Segovia: exilio, orfandad y utopía. En el caso del exilio se hablará del que se corresponde con una noción más bien abstracta antes que la histórica concreta; el estado de orfandad como un exilio radical conculcado por el reconocimiento, y la utopía como un lugar posible de ser vivido desde el respeto por el otro, por el mero hecho de ser hombre.
Entrecruces: cine y literatura
Authors: Noriega Hernández Lucía
Published: June 2016

RESEÑA
Anagnórisis, el territorio de la reconciliación
Authors: Vázquez Hernández Irán Francisco
Published: June 2016

RESEÑA
México y el surrealismo: la dimensión etnográfica
Authors: Ferrero Cándenas Inés
Published: June 2016

Este ensayo aborda un aspecto concreto del diálogo entre Méxicoy el Surrealismo: su dimensión etnográfica. En este contexto, quisiera explorar la forma en la que las fuentes no occidentales fueron tratadas por los pensadores y artistas vinculados al surrealismo en sus diferentes fases y etapas. Centrándome específicamente en las fuentes mexicanas, reflexionaré sobre como el contacto etnográfico que el surrealismo tuvo con las culturas prehispánicas, condujo o no a una reestructuración crítica de la otredad y del mal llamado primitivismo entre las vanguardias europeas.
Experiencia ethoica e imaginarios sociales modernos. Contribución a una agenda pendiente
Authors: García Cornejo Héctor
Published: June 2016

Este texto contiene dos secciones, una sugerencia para la agenda propuesta por Lidia Girola para la investigación de imaginarios sociales y una lectura crítica de la plataforma conceptual de la teoría de los Imaginarios Sociales Modernos de Charles Taylor. Evalúa la idea tayloriana de que aclarando la autocomprensión de la modernidad modélica occidental comprenderemos las otras modernidades. Desde la teoría de Bolívar Echeverría, parece ser inaceptable esta explicación de la modernidad como modélica y múltiple, porque termina omitiendo las experiencias (mundos de vida de las múltiples) y que un patrón de dominio acompaña la modernidad occidental, lo que provoca el surgimiento de contra imaginarios. Con el concepto de Ethos histórico se exploran posibles imaginarios, especialmente de los que viven en la parte baja de la modernidad, omitida por Taylor.
Edmund Husserl en el ordoliberalismo alemán. Extrañezas, resonancias y actitudes
Authors: Martín Mendez Pablo
Published: June 2016

En el curso titulado Nacimiento de la Biopolítica —o, más específicamente, en la serie de fragmentos que se reparten a través de dicho curso—, Michel Foucault señala la existencia de una casi desapercibida relación entre la filosofía de Edmund Husserl y el discurso crítico del denominado ordoliberalismo alemán. Partiendo desde los aportes de Foucault, el presente artículo pretenderá precisar los términos y los alcances de esa relación. El objetivo tiene una importancia muy particular: más allá de Husserl y el ordoliberalismo, o más allá de la crítica contra la actitud natural y la consecuente necesidad de adoptar el método de aprehensión de esencias, emergerían las más extrañas posibilidades de pensamiento. De ahí también se sigue la pregunta que este artículo no podrá evitar ni contestar del todo: ¿hasta qué punto tales posibilidades resuenan en nuestra actualidad e incluso en nosotros mismos?
De la ironía, el amor y la seducción en Kierkegaard
Authors: Díaz González Uriel
Published: June 2016

RESEÑA
Daily leptin blunts marrow fat but does not impact bone mass in calorie-restricted mice
Authors: Devlin M J , Brooks D J , Conlon C , Vliet M van , Louis L , Rosen C J , Bouxsein M L
Published: June 2016

Starvation induces low bone mass and high bone marrow adiposity in humans, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The adipokine leptin falls in starvation, suggesting that hypoleptinemia may be a link between negative energy balance, bone marrow fat accumulation, and impaired skeletal acquisition. In that case, treating mice with leptin during caloric restriction (CR) should reduce marrow adipose tissue (MAT) and improve bone mass. To test this hypothesis, female C57Bl/6J mice were fed a 30% CR or normal (N) diet from 5 to 10 weeks of age, with daily injections of vehicle (VEH), 1mg/kg leptin (LEP1), or 2mg/kg leptin (LEP2) (N=6–8/group). Outcomes included body mass, body fat percentage, and whole-body bone mineral density (BMD) via peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, cortical and trabecular microarchitecture via microcomputed tomography (μCT), and MAT volume via μCT of osmium tetroxide-stained bones. Overall, CR mice had lower body mass, body fat percentage, BMD, and cortical bone area fraction, but more connected trabeculae, vs N mice (P<0.05 for all). Most significantly, although MAT was elevated in CR vs N overall, leptin treatment blunted MAT formation in CR mice by 50% vs VEH (P<0.05 for both leptin doses). CR LEP2 mice weighed less vs CR VEH mice at 9–10 weeks of age (P<0.05), but leptin treatment did not affect body fat percentage, BMD, or bone microarchitecture within either diet. These data demonstrate that once daily leptin bolus during CR inhibits bone marrow adipose expansion without affecting bone mass acquisition, suggesting that leptin has distinct effects on starvation-induced bone marrow fat formation and skeletal acquisition.
Kisspeptin across the human lifespan:evidence from animal studies and beyond
Authors: Clarke Sophie A , Dhillo Waljit S
Published: June 2016

Since its first description in 1996, the KISS1 gene and its peptide products, kisspeptins, have increasingly become recognised as key regulators of reproductive health. With kisspeptins acting as ligands for the kisspeptin receptor KISS1R (previously known as GPR54 or KPR54), recent work has consistently shown that administration of kisspeptin across a variety of species stimulates gonadotrophin release through influencing gonadotrophin-releasing hormone secretion. Evidence from both animal and human studies supports the finding that kisspeptins are crucial for ensuring healthy development, with knockout animal models, as well as proband genetic testing in human patients affected by abnormal pubertal development, corroborating the notion that a functional kisspeptin receptor is required for appropriate gonadotrophin secretion. Given the large body of evidence that exists surrounding the influence of kisspeptin in a variety of settings, this review summarises our physiological understanding of the role of these important peptides and their receptors, before proceeding to describe the varying role they play across the reproductive lifespan.
DEL CONCEPTO DE PARADIGMA EN THOMAS S. KUHN, A LOS PARADIGMAS DE LAS CIENCIAS DE LA CULTURA
Authors: Marín Gallego José Duván
Published: June 2016

Este artículo de reflexión es, a la vez, un ensayo, resultado de un proceso debúsqueda de antecedentes necesarios para mi tesis doctoral en Educación,con la Newport International University, que me permite poco a poco un acercamientoa los Fundamentos Epistemológicos y Metodológicos de la Pedagogía,intentando responder a la pregunta: ¿por qué no se puede hacer cienciade la pedagogía?, teniendo en cuenta, además, que la ciencia es una construcciónsocial. Esta reflexión parte del concepto de “paradigma” en la formacomo lo desarrolla Kuhn en su obra La Estructura de las Revoluciones Científicasel cual me lleva a plantear la pregunta de ¿cuál es el paradigma que debenprivilegiar las ciencias sociales y humanas?, y a la conclusión de que siguiendola distinción que hace Dilthey entre ciencias de la naturaleza que se explican(Erklären) y ciencias del espíritu que se interpretan (Verstehen), el paradigmadominante y que mejor conviene a las ciencias sociales y humanas es el Crítico-hermenéutico desarrollado por la Escuela de Frankfurt y la Teoría Crítica dela Sociedad.
BEETHOVEN Y LA GENEALOGÍA DE LA LÓGICA
Authors: Fonseca Martínez Miguel
Published: June 2016

Beethoven escribe desde su experiencia subjetiva y habilidad como compositor, el sentir de la época cuando la monarquía decae y asciende el espíritu liberal. En este contexto, al igual que la Novena Sinfonía, instrumentos, coros y voces se unen a través del diálogo en medio del trascurrir de la obra repitiendolos versos de Schiller. Después de esta descripción, el presente artículo confrontalos aspectos estéticos de la obra de Beethoven con los problemas de la lógica en Frege y la experiencia en Husserl.
Whole Genome Analysis of 132 ClinicalSaccharomyces cerevisiaeStrains Reveals Extensive Ploidy Variation
Authors: Zhu Yuan O , Sherlock Gavin , Petrov Dmitri A
Published: June 2016

Budding yeast has undergone several independent transitions from commercial to clinical lifestyles. The frequency of such transitions suggests that clinical yeast strains are derived from environmentally available yeast populations, including commercial sources. However, despite their important role in adaptive evolution, the prevalence of polyploidy and aneuploidy has not been extensively analyzed in clinical strains. In this study, we have looked for patterns governing the transition to clinical invasion in the largest screen of clinical yeast isolates to date. In particular, we have focused on the hypothesis that ploidy changes have influenced adaptive processes. We sequenced 144 yeast strains, 132 of which are clinical isolates. We found pervasive large-scale genomic variation in both overall ploidy (34% of strains identified as 3n/4n) and individual chromosomal copy numbers (36% of strains identified as aneuploid). We also found evidence for the highly dynamic nature of yeast genomes, with 35 strains showing partial chromosomal copy number changes and eight strains showing multiple independent chromosomal events. Intriguingly, a lineage identified to be baker’s/commercial derived with a unique damaging mutation in NDC80 was particularly prone to polyploidy, with 83% of its members being triploid or tetraploid. Polyploidy was in turn associated with a >2× increase in aneuploidy rates as compared to other lineages. This dataset provides a rich source of information on the genomics of clinical yeast strains and highlights the potential importance of large-scale genomic copy variation in yeast adaptation.
Genetic Analysis of Kernel Traits in Maize-Teosinte Introgression Populations
Authors: Liu Zhengbin , Garcia Arturo , McMullen Michael D , Flint-Garcia Sherry A
Published: June 2016

Seed traits have been targeted by human selection during the domestication of crop species as a way to increase the caloric and nutritional content of food during the transition from hunter-gather to early farming societies. The primary seed trait under selection was likely seed size/weight as it is most directly related to overall grain yield. Additional seed traits involved in seed shape may have also contributed to larger grain. Maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) kernel weight has increased more than 10-fold in the 9000 years since domestication from its wild ancestor, teosinte (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis). In order to study how size and shape affect kernel weight, we analyzed kernel morphometric traits in a set of 10 maize-teosinte introgression populations using digital imaging software. We identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for kernel area and length with moderate allelic effects that colocalize with kernel weight QTL. Several genomic regions with strong effects during maize domestication were detected, and a genetic framework for kernel traits was characterized by complex pleiotropic interactions. Our results both confirm prior reports of kernel domestication loci and identify previously uncharacterized QTL with a range of allelic effects, enabling future research into the genetic basis of these traits.
Suicide and Suicide Attempts in Adolescents
Authors: Shain Benjamin ,   COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, Braverman Paula K. , Adelman William P. , Alderman Elizabeth M. , Breuner Cora C. , Levine David A. , Marcell Arik V. , O’Brien Rebecca F.
Published: June 2016

This Clinical Report was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-064800.

Suicide is the second leading cause of death for adolescents 15 to 19 years old. This report updates the previous statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics and is intended to assist pediatricians, in collaboration with other child and adolescent health care professionals, in the identification and management of the adolescent at risk for suicide. Suicide risk can only be reduced, not eliminated, and risk factors provide no more than guidance. Nonetheless, care for suicidal adolescents may be improved with the pediatrician’s knowledge, skill, and comfort with the topic, as well as ready access to appropriate community resources and mental health professionals.
Omental leiomyosarcoma with unusual giant cells in a Beagle dog — Short communication
Authors: Sasaki Jun , Toyoshima Megumi , Okamura Yasuhiko , Goryo Masanobu
Published: June 2016

A 10-year-old castrated male Beagle dog was presented with a 2-month history of intermittent vomiting and abdominal pain. The dog was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Iwate University for further evaluation, and a splenic tumour was suspected on the basis of ultrasonography and computed tomography. Surgery identified a large, solid, light-pink mass on the greater omentum with blood-coloured ascites in the abdominal cavity, and resection was performed. Microscopically, the mass comprised spindle-shaped tumour cells and scattered osteoclast-like giant cells. Most spindle-shaped cells were positive for vimentin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), whereas osteoclast-like giant cells were positive only for vimentin. On the basis of histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was made. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report of leiomyosarcoma associated with osteoclast-like giant cells developing from the greater omentum in a dog.
Involuntary reduction in vigour of calves born from sexed semen
Authors: Djedović Radica , Bogdanović Vladan , Stanojević Dragan , Nemes Zsolt , Gáspárdy András , Cseh Sándor
Published: June 2016

The objective of this study was to compare the reproductive traits of heifers and the development characteristics of their calves following artificial insemination (AI) with sexed and non-sexed semen. The analysed characteristics included conception rate, gestation length, calf birth weight, calf vigour, stillbirth rate, and twinning rate. Data of 530 calves produced with sexed and 1,163 calves produced with non-sexed semen were analysed. The General Linear Model (GLM) was applied to assess the influence of semen type, farm, season of insemination, the calf’s sex and the inseminating sire on gestation length and calf birth weight. With the exception of gestation length (P > 0.05), all other traits studied were significantly (P < 0.01) influenced by the type of semen. The conception rate was 55% for conventional and 44% for sexed semen, and the average gestation length was 274.6 and 274.9 days, respectively. The mean calf birth weight was 37.47 kg for non-sexed and 36.75 kg for sexed semen. The stillbirth rate was 6.19% for conventional and 7.54% for sexed semen, while the twinning rate was 3.78% for conventional and 1.13% for sexed semen. The calves produced with non-sexed and sexed semen differed significantly in viability (P < 0.001), the latter having a lower calf vigour score. The use of conventional semen did not affect the ratio of female and male calves (52.7:47.3%; P > 0.05); however, artificial insemination with X-sorted sexed semen significantly altered the sex ratio of calves (85.1:14.9%, P < 0.01). The results obtained in this investigation are in agreement with the majority of studies which compared the fertility traits, sex ratio and calf characteristics depending on the application of artificial insemination with sexed or conventional semen.
French “quantifiers” in questions: interface strategies
Authors: Baunaz Lena
Published: June 2016

Building on an experimental study, I show that homophonous wh-phrases like qui ‘who’ in French correlate with prosodic differences when specificity and partitivity come into play, something not found with bare Universal Quantifiers like chacun ‘each’ and tous ‘all’. Rather than homophony I claim that these wh-phrases are syncretic. I show that (a) wh-phrases and bare Universal Quantifiers are complex phrases, lexicalizing structures of different sizes; (b) partitivity and specificity are syntactic features. This last claim is supported by intervention effects: the interventions observed with negative and scope islands with wh-phrases in-situ are accounted for in terms of a feature-based Relativized Minimality (Starke 2001; Rizzi 2004).
Res vera agitur – Iuvenalis 4. Szatírájának szerkezetéről és célpontjáról
Authors: Gellérfi Gergő
Published: June 2016

Iuvenalis 4. szatírája az életmű egyik legtöbbet kritizált darabja. A szerkezeti problémák miatt egyes kutatók a mű eredeti egységességét is kétségbe vonják azt feltételezve, hogy két, egy későbbi kiadó által összefércelt töredékből áll. A struktúra megértésének kulcsa a két fő szerkezeti egység, s ezzel együtt a két központi karakter, Crispinus és Domitianus közötti kapcsolat feltárása. Az alábbi tanulmány a szerkezeti problémák mellett a mű epikus jellegzetességeivel, illetve az invektíva célpontjaival foglalkozik.
Meditation Awareness Training for the Treatment of Sex Addiction: A Case Study
Authors: Van Gordon William , Shonin Edo , Griffiths Mark D.
Published: June 2016

Background

Sex addiction is a disorder that can have serious adverse functional consequences. Treatment effectiveness research for sex addiction is currently underdeveloped, and interventions are generally based on the guidelines for treating other behavioral (as well as chemical) addictions. Consequently, there is a need to clinically evaluate tailored treatments that target the specific symptoms of sex addiction. It has been proposed that second-generation mindfulness-based interventions (SG-MBIs) may be an appropriate treatment for sex addiction because in addition to helping individuals increase perceptual distance from craving for desired objects and experiences, some SG-MBIs specifically contain meditations intended to undermine attachment to sex and/or the human body. The current study conducts the first clinical investigation into the utility of mindfulness for treating sex addiction.

Case presentation

An in-depth clinical case study was conducted involving an adult male suffering from sex addiction that underwent treatment utilizing an SG-MBI known as Meditation Awareness Training (MAT). Following completion of MAT, the participant demonstrated clinically significant improvements in addictive sexual behavior, as well as reductions in depression and psychological distress. The MAT intervention also led to improvements in sleep quality, job satisfaction, and non-attachment to self and experiences. Salutary outcomes were maintained at 6-month follow-up.

Discussion and conclusion

The current study extends the literature exploring the applications of mindfulness for treating behavioral addiction, and findings indicate that further clinical investigation into the role of mindfulness for treating sex addiction is warranted.
The Alexander Technique and Contemporary Dance: An Interview between Marsha and Robert Barsky
Authors: Barsky Marsha D
Published: June 2016

The Alexander Technique, based on the writings and teachings of F. M. Alexander, is a process of learning how to move with more ease, freedom, efficiency, support and balance. The technique encourages reliable integration and coordination of the mental, physical, emotional and spiritual spheres, by awakening and refining sensory awareness. It promotes a deep understanding to the means whereby we respond to stimuli, thus fostering a harmonious relationship to Self. The essence of the Alexander Technique is movement, and as the process of learning and understanding the technique unfolds, the potential for free and unfettered movement is experienced in the entire being. Modern dancers, in particular might be drawn to the Alexander Technique since the very nature and origins of modern dance deal with the freedom of self- expression in motion. Modern dancers are adept negotiators of the body, and in their work they explore a whole range of movements and facets of moving. Through diligent exploration of finely sophisticated movement patterns, a dancer’s kinesthetic sense is, -- through Alexander work, -- sharpened, refined and developed to permit the mover to perceive and convey the subtlest movement shifts.
DRUG RESISTANCE OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN DIFFERENT LOCALIZATIONS OF THE DISEASE
Authors: Yablonskii P. K. , Vishnevskiy B. I. , Solovyeva N. S. , Manicheva O. A. , Dogonadze M. Z. , Melnikova N. N. , Zhuravlev V. Yu.
Published: June 2016

The long-term Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance monitoring data were obtained in St. Petersburg Research Institute Phthisiopulmonology for four periods of observation (I — 1984–1988 years, start period; II — 1996–2000 years, the period of acute epidemic situation and the sharp rise in drug resistance; III — 2007–2011 years, the period of relative stabilization; IV — 2012–2014 years, the final period). Totally 2267 strains from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, treated previously and with chronic process, and 691 strains from patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis were studied. Researches of drug resistance were made by indirect method of absolute concentrations in the medium Lowenstein–Jensen and in the automated system ВАСТЕС™ MGIT™ 960 (Becton Dickinson, USA). It shows a steady increase of the overall drug resistance, which has reached in the last three years 90.1% in pulmonary tuberculosis. At the same time there was a sharp worsening of the structure of drug resistance due to the growth of multidrug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR), which by 2014 accounted for 81.9 vs 28.5% in 1984–1988. In extrapulmonary tuberculosis the growth of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to outpace: overall drug resistance increased from 39.4% (1984–1988) to 80.2% (2012–2014), reaching figures that are comparable to those of pulmonary tuberculosis. At the same time there was an even more rapid change for the worse of its structure due to the increase of MDR/XDR strains: from 10.5% in the first period to 69.5% in the fourth. This is due to the more frequency of existing in locus of extrapulmonary tuberculosis of highly adaptive multiresistant strains of genotype Beijing: in tuberculous spondylitis, which is the most severe and frequent form of osteoarticular tuberculosis, 70 of the 78 (89.7%) Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with MDR/XDR belong to this genotype. In pulmonary tuberculosis the XDR growth rate exceed those in extrapulmonary tuberculosis: from 26.8% (III period) to 39.5% (IV period) and, accordingly, from 8.0 to 8.6%. The situation with drug resistance in all localizations of the disease may be characterized as extremely tense, which can lead to unpredictable consequences, if promptly one not take appropriate measures.
ARGUMENTATION OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS NONSPECIFIC PREVENTION IN GROUPS OF CHILDREN
Authors: Ishrefova L. R. , Lyalina L. V. , Lioznov D. A. , Matochkina O. V. , Davydova T. Yu. , Zakharova L. E.
Published: June 2016

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and influenza are among the topical problems of healthcare. The children’s morbidity index in preschool educational institutions in Krasnoselsky district of St. Petersburg in 2008–2014 varied from 1359.6 to 1768.5 per 1000 children attending these institutions. In general educational schools the morbidity index in the aforesaid period were 422.6–521.6 (p 0.001). From 49.3 to 55.4% of children were vaccinated against influenza; from 3600 to 4700 children annually stayed unimmunized due to medical contraindications and parents’ refusals from prophylactic immunization. The research objective is clinical-epidemiological substantiation of effectiveness of application of Echinacea botanical medicine to reduce the ARVI morbidity and the rate of complications after the disease among children attending educational institutions. As a result of the research it was established that the ARVI morbidity index in the group of the children who received the Echinacea preparation was 76.8; in the comparison group it was 94.2 per 100 people (p 0.01; RR = 0.80; CI = 0.7–0.9). The rate of complications (bronchitis, otitis, adenoiditis, pneumonia, sinusitis) among the children who received the preparation was 2–4.8 times lower.
O lócus do jovem pobre na sociedade a partir do boom dos rolezinhos
Authors: Silva Thiago Rodrigo da , Lehfeld Neide Aparecida de Souza
Published: June 2016

Resumo O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão dialética sobre a onda dos rolezinhos, iniciada em Itaquera, São Paulo, que impactou várias cidades brasileiras entre finais de 2013 e início de 2014 com reflexos ainda presentes na atualidade. Coloca-se em pauta o lócus do jovem pobre na sociedade devido ao preconceito, aos estereótipos e aos estigmas ainda enraizados no tempo presente.
Frequency of cholecystectomy and associated sociodemographic and clinical risk factors in the ELSA-Brasil study
Authors: Alves Kamila Rafaela , Goulart Alessandra Carvalho , Ladeira Roberto Marini , Oliveira Ilka Regina Souza de , Benseñor Isabela Martins
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: There are few data in the literature on the frequency of cholecystectomy in Brazil. The frequency of cholecystectomy and associated risk factors were evaluated in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study using baseline data on 5061 participants in São Paulo. METHODS: The frequency of cholecystectomy and associated risk factors were evaluated over the first two years of follow-up of the study and over the course of life. A multivariate regression analysis was presented: odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: A total of 4716 individuals (93.2%) with information about cholecystectomy were included. After two years of follow-up, 56 had undergone surgery (1.2%: 1.7% of the women; 0.6% of the men). A total of 188 participants underwent cholecystectomy during their lifetime. The risk factors associated with surgery after the two-year follow-up period were female sex (OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.53-5.32), indigenous ethnicity (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 2.28-15.85) and body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.19 per 1 kg/m2 increase). The risk factors associated over the lifetime were age (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05 per one year increase), diabetes (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.34-2.76) and previous bariatric surgery (OR, 5.37; 95% CI, 1.53-18.82). No association was found with parity or fertile age. CONCLUSION: Female sex and high BMI remained as associated risk factors while parity and fertile age lost significance. New factors such as bariatric surgery and indigenous ethnicity have gained importance in this country.
Entrevista com tarefa na identificação de processos na aprendizagem autorregulada
Authors: Silva Janete , Simão Ana Margarida Veiga
Published: June 2016

Resumo A entrevista com tarefa tem-se revelado um instrumento útil para os profissionais da educação pois, através das interações dos intervenientes, podemos avaliar os processos e as estratégias aplicados pelos aprendizes numa determinada tarefa. O modelo que seguimos é atribuído a Zimmerman (2000, 2013), com uma perspectiva sociocognitiva. Assim, pretendemos, não só averiguar se a entrevista com tarefa pode auxiliar os profissionais a identificar processos autorregulatórios na aprendizagem, como potenciá-los nos aprendizes. Efetuamos seis entrevistas semiestruturadas a dois alunos, ao realizarem um resumo. Os resultados permitem inferir sobre o planejamento estratégico que eles fazem, quais as suas crenças de autoeficácia, a capacidade de automonitorar a tarefa e aplicar estratégias de compreensão. Verificamos também a evolução nos perfis de aprendizagem já que os alunos passaram a: adequar os objetivos das estratégias, interiorizar normas de ação e fazer revisão. Dada a sua pertinência, pretendemos alargar a investigação para lhe conferir maior aplicabilidade e estender o seu potencial.