bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complex strategies: an integrative analysis of contests in Siamese fighting fish
Authors: Kareklas Kyriacos , Kunc Hansjoerg P. , Arnott Gareth
Published: December 2022

Background

Animals use contests to attain resources and employ strategic decisions to minimise contest costs. These decisions are defined by behavioural response to resource value and competitive ability, but remain poorly understood. This is because the two factors are typically studied separately. Also, their study relies on overgeneralised assumptions that (i) strategies are fixed, (ii) modulated by the motivation or drive to fight and (iii) used to manage costs proportional to the timing of the loser’s retreat. To address these problems, we adopt an integrative sequential analysis that incorporates competitive ability and resource value factors, to characterise territorial contest decisions in male Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens).

Results

Individuals exhibited a chronological organisation of behaviour, engaging opponents first with frontal display, then switching to lateral display before deciding to attack, and reserved retreats for later stages. Using asymmetries in retreats as a proxy for outcome, the likelihood of winning was found to be mostly dependent on display. However, resource and contest conditions affected initiation latency, display, attack and retreat, suggesting that strategic decisions influence all behaviour. Overall, sequential behaviour varied consistently with individual aggressiveness and resource-value factors, and increasingly with information on competitive ability collected during the contest. This enabled shifts in tactics, such as disadvantaged individuals responding first with aggression and later with submission. Motivation to continue fighting, after interruption by startle, was also adjusted to information gathered during the contest and progressively with energetic state. Two clusters of correlated behaviours were identified, cost-mitigation (display and retreat) and escalation (initiation and attack), but changes in motivation were associated only with cost mitigation.

Conclusions

Our findings contrast dominant assumptions that strategic decisions are fixed, controlled by motivational state and sufficiently described by outcome-dependent measures. We instead demonstrate that strategic decisions are complex, comprising functional changes in assessment, information use and motivational effects, which are not always inter-dependent.
The risk factors of hemorrhage in stereotactic needle biopsy for brain lesions in a large cohort: 10 years of experience in a single center
Authors: Li Hailong , Zheng Chunling , Rao Wei , Sun Junzhao , Yu Xin , Zhang Jianning
Published: December 2022

Background

This study aimed to identify the risk factors for hemorrhage from a large cohort who underwent stereotactic needle biopsy for brain lesions at a single center over a 10-year period.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients who underwent stereotactic biopsy at our institute between January 2010 and December 2019. Demographic characteristics and clinical variables were collected and analyzed to identify risk factors for postbiopsy hemorrhage using the chi-square test and univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results

A total of 3196 patients were included in this study; of these, a histological diagnosis was eventually made for 2938 (91.93%) patients. Hemorrhage occurred in 149 (4.66%) patients, and symptomatic hemorrhage occurred in 46 (1.44%) patients. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, the presence of deep-seated lesions (OR 1.272, p = 0.035), concomitant edema and enhancement on MR imaging scans (OR 1.827, p = 0.002), intraoperative hypertension without a past history (OR 1.012, p = 0.024), and the presence of high-grade glioma (OR 0.306, p = 0.003) were identified as independent predictors of hemorrhage after biopsy.

Conclusion

Stereotactic needle biopsy is a safe and effective way to obtain tissue from brain lesions for histological diagnosis. The presence of deep-seated lesions, concomitant edema, and enhancement on MR imaging scans and the presence of high-grade glioma are independent predictors of hemorrhage after stereotactic biopsy.
An industry-level analysis of the post-Brexit and post-Covid 19 Ro-Ro ferry market and critical maritime freight transport links between the UK and the EU
Authors: Paraskevadakis Dimitrios , Ifeoluwa Adeyeri
Published: December 2022

Evaluating supply chain system improvements and international economic integration patterns to changes in expenditure requires urgent attention from short to long-term supply chain disruption review. Following the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union, the UK and the global economies have been affected. Brexit has affected sectors that rely on cross-border commerce with EU countries, while services that require face-to-face interaction have been negatively impacted by Covid 19. For example, the Roll on Roll off (RoRo) ferry sector has suffered tremendously from the Covid 19 pandemic, which restricts people's travel, and Brexit, which results in the UK having a geographical barrier with the rest of the EU continent. The study examines the ferry RoRo market, maritime links, and its viability in the face of Brexit and the Covid issue between the United Kingdom and short-sea shipping connections with Ireland and continental Europe. Understanding the market is critical since roll-on roll-off (Ro-Ro) traffic plays a significant part in the movement of products between the UK and the EU. Adopting a method mapping provided a defined research paradigm for this study. Mixed-method design technique, a branch of multiple methods research, was employed, resulting in a better understanding of the research topic. The findings demonstrate that nations and the RoRo freight supply chain network have been significantly impacted. However, continuous measures are implemented to ensure continuous freight movement. The study obtained data from 14 respondents and was statistically analysed. The results demonstrate that an organisation's capacity to manage these disturbances significantly impacts its survivability. It also indicates that the government's awareness of the implications of Brexit and Covid 19 significantly determines the impact on organisations. This research concludes that the impact on organisations is minimal, notwithstanding the effects of Brexit and Covid. However, owing to uncertainties, continuous methods for continuous freight transit should be implemented, together with an adequate flow of information.
Distinctive Sans Forgetica font does not benefit memory accuracy in the DRM paradigm
Authors: Huff Mark J. , Maxwell Nicholas P. , Mitchell Anie
Published: December 2022

A common method used by memory scholars to enhance retention is to make materials more challenging to learn—a benefit termed desirable difficulties. Recently, researchers have investigated the efficacy of Sans Forgetica, a perceptually disfluent/distinctive font which may increase processing effort required at study and enhance memory as a result. We examined the effects of Sans Forgetica relative to a standard control font (Arial) on both correct memory and associative memory errors using the Deese/Roediger–McDermott (DRM) false memory paradigm, to evaluate Sans Forgetica effects on overall memory accuracy. Across four experiments, which included nearly 300 participants, Sans Forgetica was found to have no impact on correct or false memory of DRM lists relative to a standard Arial control font, regardless of whether font type was manipulated within or between subjects or whether memory was assessed via free recall or recognition testing. Our results indicate that Sans Forgetica is ineffective for improving memory accuracy even when accounting for associative memory errors.
Does ICT affect the demand for vocationally educated workers?
Authors: Pusterla Filippo , Renold Ursula
Published: December 2022

This paper examines the effect of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the demand for workers in Switzerland. We compare the hypotheses that an increase in ICT leads to upskilling or job polarization and investigate their implications for countries where vocational education and training (VET) is the most widespread education program at the upper secondary level. Using data from a large employer–employee survey, we create a novel measure of ICT based on the percentage of ICT workers within firms. This measure allows us to assess the impact of ICT on the educational composition of the workforce by exploiting variation over time. We find that ICT has an upskilling effect from 1996 to 2018: ICT decreases the demand for low-skilled workers while increasing the demand for high-skilled workers, especially those with a tertiary vocational education. These results strongly suggest that VET is a valid alternative to a strictly academic education, because workers with a tertiary VET degree are as good, or better, at adjusting to technological change as workers with a tertiary academic education.
Use of embolectomy catheter for lung isolation in pediatric patients undergoing lung decortication surgery: experience of ten cases
Authors: Jain Anuj , Agarwal Abhinav , Kumar Brijesh , Sharma Jai Prakash , Jain Suruchi
Published: December 2022

Background

Pediatric one lung ventilation is challenging to achieve; smaller the child greater is the challenge. Challenge gets bigger due to unavailability of proper sized lung isolation devices. The aim of this case series was to assess the feasibility of using embolectomy catheter for lung isolation in 10 children who were planned to undergo lung decortication surgery.

Results

Age wise predictions of airway diameters were used to select sizes of endotracheal tube and embolectomy catheter. We used a Fogarty catheter, with its tip bent to 30° and placed parallel to a cuffed endotracheal tube, under fiberoptic bronchoscope guidance to achieve lung isolation. Desired lung was deflated passively after achieving lung isolation. Embolectomy catheter cuff position was reconfirmed with bronchoscopy after patient positioning. Ages of children ranged from 2 to 6 years. Four patients required right lung isolation while six required left lung isolation. Dislodgement of embolectomy catheter while positioning or during surgery did not occur in any case. Surgeons reported good to excellent lung isolation in all the cases. All cases were successfully extubated at the end of surgery.

Conclusions

Embolectomy catheter for one lung ventilation in pediatric cases maybe a useful alternative in absence of customized devices.
Transesophageal Doppler corrected flow time versus plethysmography variability index for goal-directed fluid management in cirrhotic patients during liver resection: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abdelhafez Hanaa S. , Yassen Khaled A. , El Sahn Fatima F. , Mostafa Ashraf M.
Published: December 2022

Background

Central venous pressure (CVP) readings are affected by several factors. The need to test the technology of noninvasive or minimal invasive monitoring during liver surgery to guide fluids intake is the focus of this trial. Adult hepatic patients undergoing elective open liver resection were randomized into transesophageal Doppler (TED, n = 20) or plethysmography variability index (PVI, n = 20). PVI blinded to anesthetist in TED group (gp) and vice versa. During dissection, crystalloids were restricted to keep corrected flow time (FTc) parameter of TED < 330 msec or PVI > 14%, otherwise infused at 6 ml/kg/h. Following resection, colloids infused if FTc < 330 msec or PVI > 14% despite crystalloids infusion. Primary aim is to compare TED-corrected flow time (FTc, msec) parameter to PVI (%) for guiding intravenous fluids during liver resection. Secondary to study their correlations and each parameter effect on blood loss and consumption, morbidity and intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

Results

It is presented as median [IQ]. Volumes of crystalloids and colloids guided by FTc and PVI were not different (p = 0.3, p = 0.1, respectively) despite negligible correlations. Normovolemic existed during dissection despite 2 h of fluids restriction. FTc was 327 (320–341) msec, PVI was 11.50 (11.00–14.00) %, and CVP in TED gp 11.00 (10.00–12.00) vs. 9.00 (9.00–11.50) mmHg in PVI gp, p = 0.2. Blood loss was 1500 (475–2000) ml in TED vs. 950 (675–1925) in PVI, p = 0.5. Patients’ % in need for blood transfusion and volumes in TED vs. PVI gps were similar: red blood cells: 30%, 350 (350–350) vs. 40%, 525 (350–700) ml, and p = 0.2. Plasma is 20%, 200 (200–300) vs. 40%, and 400 (200–400) ml, p = 0.3. There was no difference in nausea, vomiting, or ICU stay, (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Volume of fluids guided by PVI was not different from that by TED, despite lack of correlation. Transfusion-free dissection was possible for a significant number of patients with normovolemia.

Trial registration

PACTR201808140151322 (www.pactr.org)
The anti-Alzheimer compounds from tempeh oil in LPS-induced neuronal Schwann cells
Authors: Limanjaya Eileen C. , Subali Dionysius , Yanti Yanti
Published: December 2022

Tempeh is a traditional fermented Indonesian food from white soybean. Tempe has better nutritional value than non-fermented white soybean. The aim of this study was to extract tempeh oil and analyze the inhibitory potency of Alzheimer-related gene expression in LPS-induced neuronal Schwann cells. Tempeh oil was extracted with Bligh Dyer method and was analyzed with PUFA identification, anticholinesterase activity, antioxidant activity, and quantitative PCR. Tempeh oil had a total yield of 7.14%, and PUFA identification found 8.37% omega-3. The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity showed that tempeh oil 25 µg/mL had the highest activity and 500 µg/mL in anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity. The quantitative PCR showed that tempeh oil had downregulated the gene expression of PSEN1, Gsk3b, cdk5, and TNF. From this study, tempeh oil may have the potential to lower the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by regulating certain gene traits.
Plastic recycling plant as a point source of microplastics to sediment and macroinvertebrates in a remote stream
Authors: Kallenbach Emilie M. F. , Eriksen Tor Erik , Hurley Rachel R. , Jacobsen Dean , Singdahl-Larsen Cecilie , Friberg Nikolai
Published: December 2022

Microplastic is now ubiquitous in freshwater, sediment and biota, globally. This is as a consequence of inputs from, for example, waste mismanagement, effluents from wastewater treatment plants and surface runoff from agricultural areas. In this study, we investigated point source pollution of plastic to an upland stream, originating from a recycling plant that recycles polyethylene film in a remote area of Norway. Sediment (~2 kg) and macroinvertebrates (549 individuals in total) were sampled at one site upstream and two sites downstream of the recycling plant to study microplastic deposition and food web uptake. In total, 340 microplastic films were identified through a combination of visual and µFTIR analysis in the sediment samples. This corresponded to a concentration of 0.23 (± 0.057) items per g sediment upstream of the plastic recycling plant and 0.45 (± 0.017) and 0.58 (± 0.34) items per g downstream. The dominant plastic polymer was polyethylene, which increased significantly downstream of the plastic recycling plant. This indicates the role of the plastic recycling plant as a point source for microplastic in this catchment. Among the three sites investigated, a fairly constant concentration of polypropylene was found, indicating a diffuse source of polypropylene films across the catchment possibly relating to low-intensity agricultural land-use. Low levels of polyethylene were also observed upstream, which may be linked to either local or longer-distance atmospheric transport. Despite the considerable presence of microplastic in sediments, concentrations in macroinvertebrates were extremely low with only a single microplastic particle identified in the total of 549 macroinvertebrates—belonging to three different feeding groups—investigated. Our study suggests that: 1) microplastic pollution can be transferred to remote areas as unintended losses from recycling facilities, 2) remote areas with limited land-use pressure still have detectable levels of microplastic and 3) microplastic is only taken up by stream macroinvertebrates to a limited degree despite relatively high sediment concentrations, and thus there are no strong indications for ecological risks posed by microplastic to this ecological group at this location.
Mepitel Film for the Prevention of Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer: A Randomized Multicenter Open-Label Phase III Trial
Authors: Behroozian Tara , Milton Lauren , Karam Irene , Zhang Liying , Ding Keyue , Lou Julia , Gallant François , Rakovitch Eileen , Tran William , Soliman Hany , Leung Eric , Vesprini Danny , Szumacher Ewa , Chen Hanbo , Donovan Elysia , Lam Jacqueline , Spadafora Silvana , Wronski Matt , Lavoie Chris , Walde Natalie , Lam Emily , Wong Gina , McKenzie Erin , Ariello Krista , Kennedy Samantha , Shariati Saba , Carothers Katherine , Gonzales Glen , Kagan Yulya , Chow Edward
Published: December 2022

PURPOSE

Radiation dermatitis (RD) is common in patients undergoing breast radiotherapy. Mepitel film (MF) can reduce RD, but the results from two randomized controlled trials are conflicting. We aimed to conduct a confirmatory randomized controlled trial in patients at risk of RD.

METHODS

Patients were randomly assigned to receive MF or standard care (2:1 ratio). Patients with large breasts after lumpectomy (bra size ≥ 36 inches or cup size ≥ C) or after mastectomy were eligible. Stratification factors included surgery type, dose fractionation, and administration of boost/bolus. The primary end point was grade (G) 2 or 3 RD using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. Secondary end points included patient- and clinician-reported outcomes.

RESULTS

Between January 2020 and May 2022, 376 patients were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. The incidence of G2 or 3 RD was significantly lower in MF patients compared with standard care (n = 39/251, 15.5%; 95% CI, 11.3 to 20.6% v n = 57/125, 45.6%; 95% CI, 36.7 to 54.8% respectively, odds ratio (OR): 0.20, P < .0001). Benefits of MF remained significant in patients who developed G 3 RD (n = 7, 2.8%; 95% CI, 1.1 to 5.7% v n = 17, 13.6%; 95% CI, 8.1 to 20.9%, OR: 0.19) and moist desquamation (n = 20, 8.0%; 95% CI, 4.9 to 12.0% v n = 24, 19.2%; 95% CI, 12.7 to 27.1%, OR: 0.36). When evaluating the combined patient and health care provider score using Radiation-Induced Skin Reaction Assessment Scale, the MF arm had significantly lower scores ( P < .0001). Individual items on the Radiation-Induced Skin Reaction Assessment Scale also favored the MF for both patient- and clinician-reported outcomes. Blistering/peeling, erythema, pigmentation, and edema were significantly reduced in the MF arm. Three patients removed the film prematurely because of rash (n = 2) and excessive pruritus (n = 1).

CONCLUSION

MF significantly reduces RD in patients undergoing breast radiotherapy.
New Horizons: Artificial Intelligence Tools for Managing Osteoporosis
Authors: Dimai Hans Peter
Published: December 2022

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration leading to increased bone fragility and fracture risk. Typically, osteoporotic fractures occur at the spine, hip, distal forearm, and proximal humerus, but other skeletal sites may be affected as well. One of the major challenges in the management of osteoporosis lies in the fact that although the operational diagnosis is based on bone mineral density (BMD) as measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry, the majority of fractures occur at nonosteoporotic BMD values. Furthermore, osteoporosis often remains undiagnosed regardless of the low severity of the underlying trauma. Also, there is only weak consensus among the major guidelines worldwide, when to treat, whom to treat, and which drug to use. Against this background, increasing efforts have been undertaken in the past few years by artificial intelligence (AI) developers to support and improve the management of this disease. The performance of many of these newly developed AI algorithms have been shown to be at least comparable to that of physician experts, or even superior. However, even if study results appear promising at a first glance, they should always be interpreted with caution. Use of inadequate reference standards or selection of variables that are of little or no value in clinical practice are limitations not infrequently found. Consequently, there is a clear need for high-quality clinical research in this field of AI. This could, eg, be achieved by establishing an internationally consented “best practice framework” that considers all relevant stakeholders.
Reflections on my remote internship with Biology Open
Authors: Johnson Sophie L.
Published: December 2022

Sophie Johnson recounts her experience completing a remote internship at Biology Open, hosted by Editor-in-Chief Steve Kelly. Sophie is a third year BBSRC Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP) PhD student studying plant vein development at the University of Oxford. She was keen to get some experience in academic publishing and so carried out a PIPS (Professional Internships for PhD Students) placement working with Biology Open.
Κυματίζοντας την Αλβανικότητα
Authors: Κούτσι Κρίτων
Published: December 2022

Σκοπός της διατριβής είναι σε πρώτο βαθμό η ανάλυση της διαδικασίας αναπαραγωγής του έθνους με κοινότοπο τρόπο από τις ειδησεογραφικές ιστοσελίδες στην Αλβανία. Η ανάλυση δηλαδή της σχέσης του κοινότοπου εθνικισμού με αυτό το διαδικτυακό Μέσο Μαζικής Ενημέρωσης. Σε δεύτερο βαθμό η διατριβή σκοπεύει να αναλύσει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι άνθρωποι ανταποκρίνονται σε αυτή τη διαδικασία κοινότοπης αναπαραγωγής του έθνους. Πως οι άνθρωποι καταναλώνουν τον κοινότοπο εθνικισμό, πως δίνουν νόημα στους κοινότοπους κυματισμούς (flaggings) του έθνους. H εμπειρική έρευνα εστιάζει στην καθημερινή αναπαραγωγή του έθνους από τις ειδησεογραφικές ιστοσελίδες στην Αλβανία εξετάζοντας: τον τρόπο οργάνωσης και παρουσίασης των ειδήσεων, τις φωτογραφίες, τα σύμβολα, χρώματα και ονόματα που χρησιμοποιούν οι ειδησεογραφικές ιστοσελίδες, τις γλωσσικές συνήθειες που επιτρέπουν την κοινότοπη αναπαραγωγή του έθνους μέσω λέξεων που αναφέρονται στο έθνος, τον εθνικιστικό λόγο που διέπει τα άρθρα γνώμης που δημοσιεύονται. Επιπλέον η έρευνα εξετάζεται το πώς, οι χρήστες των ιστοσελίδων αντιδρούν στους παραπάνω κυματισμούς του έθνους μέσω της ανάλυσης των σχολιών τους.
Impressum
Authors: Schlaepfer Aline
Published: December 2022

Impressum
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Authors: Schlaepfer Aline
Published: December 2022

Inhaltsverzeichnis
Patrimoine irakien. Des spoliations au désir de réappropriation
Authors: Sigalas Mathilde
Published: December 2022

Des archéologues renommés sillonnant le pays pour faire des fouilles il y a plus d’un siècle aux soldats américains venus imposer la démocratie par le feu, l’Irak n’a de cesse de voir ses antiquités lui échapper. Un pillage qui n’a fait qu’attiser le désir des Irakiens de remettre la main sur leur patrimoine.
Japanese international student-athletes’ adjustment experience at the National Collegiate Athletic Association
Authors: Matsuo Hirokazu , Tsukamoto Takuya , Kasahara Haruka , Funasaki Kohei , Sakamoto Ryu , Fujino Motohiro
Published: December 2022

Currently, the number of International-Student Athletes (ISAs) in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is increasing over time and Japan is the biggest market for recruiting in Asia. Whereas international students are playing an increasingly important role in the NCAA, several studies have reported that ISAs face challenges in adjusting to their dual identities as students and athletes at universities in the US. Furthermore, it has been cleared Asian students studying at US universities have some challenges because of cultural and linguistic differences. However, it remains unclear whether the difficulties experienced by Japanese ISAs are the same as or different to the adjustment-related challenges experienced by other ISAs or Asian students. The purpose of this study is to clarify challenges for ISAs from Japan in adjusting to the United States’ universities. Situating in the ISA adjustment model and using a unique case study design, 13 Japanese ISAs at the NCAA Division I universities were interviewed, and data were coded by a continuous comparative analysis method. The results revealed that Japanese ISAs who participated in this study faced academic, social, athletic, personal-emotional, and institutional adjustment challenges. Particularly, Japanese ISAs differed from ISAs from other countries in several points; cultural differences, differences in communication styles, and systemic differences in academia and athletics between Japan and the US. For promoting adjustment of Japanese ISAs, this study suggests; gaining experience and getting information to understand and familiarize with the differences, building relationships with linguistic and culturally diverse people to understand various cultures, encouraging universities and coaches to understand specific difficulties for Japanese ISAs.
Acacia mangium: A promising plant for isolating anti-hepatitis C virus agents
Authors: Wahyuni Tutik Sri , Sukma Nida S. , Permanasari Adita A. , Aoki-Utsubo Chie , Widyawaruyanti Aty , Hafid Achmad Fuad
Published: December 2022

Background: Medicinal plants are potential resources for isolating drug candidates. Various plants have been reported to possess pharmacological effects including anti-hepatitis C activities. The current study examined the anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activities of Acacia mangium extracts in solvents with various polarities and further evaluated the mechanism of action of the extracts using Western blotting and combination treatment models.

Methods: The leaves of A. mangium were extracted in two phases, first in ethanol and then in solvents with different polarities (n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol). HCV-infected Huh7it-1 cells were treated with the extracts at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 50, and 100 µg/mL.

Results: The results revealed the strong anti-HCV activities of the extracts. The 50% inhibition concentrations (IC50s) of the ethanol, n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were of 4.6 ± 0.3, 2.9 ± 0.2, 0.2 ± 0.3, and 2.8 ± 0.2 μg/mL, respectively, and no cytotoxic effect was detected. These extracts displayed stronger effects than the positive control ribavirin. The mode of action of the ethanol extract was evaluated at 30 µg/mL, revealing that the inhibitory effect was stronger on the post-entry step than on the entry step. Western blotting revealed that the extracts decreased NS3 protein expression, indicating that virus replication was suppressed. Further evaluation illustrated that combined treatment with the ethanol extract enhanced the anti-viral activity of simeprevir.

Conclusions: These results indicated that A. mangium leaves could represent sources of anti-HCV agents.
Modelling time-varying volatility using GARCH models: evidence from the Indian stock market
Authors: Ali Farman , Suri Pradeep , Kaur Tarunpreet , Bisht Deepa
Published: December 2022

Background: In this study, we examined the volatility of the Indian stock market from 2008 to 2021. Owing to the financial crisis, volatility forecasting of the Indian stock market has become crucial for economic and financial analysts. An empirical study of the returns of the NSE indices revealed an autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic trend in the Indian stock market.

Methods: Using GARCH 1, 1 (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity) and FIGARCH (fractionally integrated GARCH), we examine investor behaviour and the persistence of long-term volatility.

Results: The empirical findings of the estimated models suggest that shocks persist for a long time in NSE returns. Furthermore, bad news has a greater impact on stock volatility than good news. The return on assets is stable but highly volatile, even though the Indian economy has experienced the global crash to some extent.

Conclusions: Models of volatility derived from the GARCH equation provide accurate forecasts and are useful for portfolio allocation, performance measurement, and option valuation.
Innovation ecosystems in health: countries and theoretical models used
Authors: Alzate Montoya Mauricio Alexander , Montenegro Martinez Gino , Londoño Pelaez Carolina , Cardona Arango Doris
Published: December 2022

This article sought to analyze the innovation ecosystems in health, countries that develop them and the theoretical models they resort to. To this end, three databases carried out a systematic review through a bibliographic search in English, Spanish and Portuguese. 40% of health innovation ecosystems are in the USA, 13% in South Africa, 10% in the UK, 6.67% in Namibia, and 30% in various countries. Of the theoretical models used, 13% resort to the quadruple helix, open innovation 13%, the triple helix 10%, and ehealth 7%. The USA concentrated the development of innovation ecosystems. Quadruple helix and open innovation, were the theorical models frequently used, both includes society as part of its implementation.
Molecular docking, ADMET profiling of gallic acid and its derivatives (N-alkyl gallamide) as an anti-breast cancer agent
Authors: Arsianti Ade , Nur Azizah Norma , Erlina Linda
Published: December 2022

Background

In 2020, breast cancer has become the most common cancer in the world and in Indonesia. Searching for anticancer drugs using computational methods is considered more effective and selective than other methods. Gallic acid and its derivatives (esters and amides) are compounds that have biological activities such as anticancer effects. The purpose of this study was to analyse the molecular modelling and ADMET (Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity) profile of gallic acid derivative compounds (N-alkyl gallamides) as anticancer agents.

Methods

Target proteins were selected by analysis of protein-protein and drug-protein interactions. Molecular modelling was done by molecular docking. Predictive analysis of the ADMET profile of gallic acid and its derivatives (N-alkyl gallamide) was conducted using Marvin Sketch, Swissadme, protox II, and pkCSM pharmacokinetics. The selected target proteins were JUN, AKT1, CASP3, and CASP7.

Results

Compounds N-octyl gallamide, N-ters-butyl gallamide, and N-isoamil gallamide were the three best gallic acid derivatives based on molecular modelling analysis of target proteins associated with breast cancer. The ADMET profile of the N-alkyl gallamide compound is predictable and shows a good profile as a candidate for anticancer drugs.

Conclusion

N-octyl gallamide, N-ters-butyl gallamide, and N-isoamil gallamide have potential as anti-breast cancer agents.
Profile: Maternal and Child Health Surveillance System in peri-urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Zeb Muhammad Ilyas , Shahid Shahira , Naeem Komal , Fatima Urooj , Kazi Abdul Momin , Jehan Fyezah , Shafiq Yasir , Mehmood Usma , Ali Rashid , Ali Murtaza , Ahmed Imran , Zaidi Anita K.M. , Nisar Muhammad Imran
Published: December 2022

A Maternal and Child Health Surveillance System (MCHSS) was set up by the department of pediatrics and child health, Aga Khan University, Pakistan in peri-urban areas of Karachi to provide a platform for various research projects. It was established in five low-socioeconomic communities in a stepwise manner between  2003 and 2014. The total area currently under surveillance is 18.6 km2 covering a population of 302,944. We maintain a record of all births, deaths, pregnancies, and migration events by two monthly household visits. Verbal autopsies for stillbirths, deaths of children under the age of five years and adult female deaths are also conducted. For over a decade, the MCHSS has been a platform for a variety of studies describing the burden of various infectious diseases like typhoid, pneumonia and diarrhea, evaluation of effectiveness of various treatment regimens for neonatal sepsis, assessment of the acceptance of hospitalized care, determination of the etiology of moderate to severe diarrhea, assessment of burden and etiology of neonatal sepsis and a multi-center cohort study measuring the burden of stillbirths, neonatal and maternal deaths. More recently we have also established a bio-repository of the well-characterized maternal and newborn cohort.

Through a well-established MCHSS, we aim to provide concrete evidence base to guide policy makers to make informed decisions at local, national, and international levels.
Lexical outcomes of Karelian-Russian bilingualism in Tver Karelian
Authors: Tavi Susanna
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the language contact between Tver Karelian and Russian, attempting to provide a comprehensive overview of the lexicon of bilingual code. The methodology includes a combination of statistical analyses and handling contact-induced change in terms of the Code-Copying Framework (=CCF). Nine interviews with nine people were conducted using the memory walk method. In code copying, correlations were found between different word classes and contact-relatedness. In code alternation, few differences were found between different speakers and one commonality was the use of complex numerals as Russian phrases without adapting them into the Tver Karelian code. The findings confirm that the copies are of a certain kindand appear in certain word classes. Code alternation sequences suggest that, according to the CCF, the discourse rather than the language is mixed. The findings within CCF have implications on minority language policies, as the findings support the use of bilingual terminology.

Kokkuvõte. Susanna Tavi: Karjala-vene kakskeelsuse mõju tverikarjala keele sõnavarale. Käesolevas uurimistöös uuritakse tverikarjala ja vene keele kontakte. See uuring püüab anda tervikliku ülevaate kakskeelse koodi sõnavarast. Metoodika sisaldab kombinatsiooni statistilistest analüüsidest ja kontaktidest põhjustatud muutuste käsitlemisest koodikopeerimise raamistiku (Code-Copying Framework = CCF) osas. Üheksa intervjuud üheksa inimesega viidi läbi mälukõnni meetodil. Leiti seoseid erinevate sõnaklasside ja kontaktidega seotuse vahel. Koodivahelduses leiti eri kõnelejate vahel vähe erinevusi ja üheks ühiseks jooneks oli keerukate arvsõnade kasutamine venekeelsete fraasidena, ilma neid tverikarjala koodi sobitamata. Leiud kinnitavad, et koopiad on teatud liiki ja esinevad teatud sõnaklassides. Koodi vaheldumise jadad viitavad sellele, et CCF-i kohaselt on segatud eelkõige diskursus, ja mitte keel. CCF-i leiud avaldavad mõju vähemuskeelte poliitikale, kuna leiud toetavad kakskeelse terminoloogia kasutamist.
O zastrzeżeniach wobec pluralistycznego ujęcia władzy
Authors: Muñiz-Fraticelli Victor M.
Published: December 2022

Na przestrzeni kilku ostatnich lat teoretycy zajmujący się demokracją liberalną i republikańską wolnością zgłaszali różnorakie zastrzeżenia wobec takiego ujęcia pluralizmu politycznego i prawnego, które autor zaprezentował w swojej monografii: The Structure of Pluralism i które rozwinął później w licznych artykułach na temat pluralizmu i sprawiedliwości oraz relacji państwo–kościoły. Istotnie, tzw. pluralizm jurysdykcyjny może powodować większe napięcie z demokratycznym (czy republikańskim) modelem władzy, niż przyznają to jego zwolennicy. Wydaje się zatem pożyteczne, by wskazać pewne niewypowiedziane założenia koncepcji pluralizmu jurysdykcyjnego (przynajmniej w wydaniu autora), które mogą takie napięcie wywoływać. Artykuł stanowi wstępną próbę przeformułowania pluralizmu w taki sposób, który tłumaczyłby owo napięcie. Jak to bywa w przypadku przyczynków, próba ta może nie być w pełni zadowalająca i kompletna, ale przynajmniej posłuży jako objaśnienie pewnych różnic między fundamentalnymi założeniami pluralistycznymi i demokratycznymi (republikańskimi).
Stabilizowanie jako wymiar decydowania politycznego
Authors: Perlikowski Łukasz
Published: December 2022

Tekst jest poświęcony problematyce związanej z kategorią stabilności politycznej. Celem głównym jest ustalenie zakresu semantycznego pojęcia stabilizowania na gruncie teorii polityki. Wywód został oparty na koncepcji decyzjonizmu Carla Schmitta oraz na analizie systemowej. W tekście zastosowano autorski podział analityczny na przypadki: a) destabilizacji; b) stabilizowania norm społecznych; c) stabilizowania norm prawnych; d) stabilizowania rutynowego. Efektem wywodu jest wyodrębnienie i zdefiniowanie sytuacji, w których występuje proces stabilizowania politycznego. Ustalenia te są istotne dla badania systemów politycznych, ich ewolucji, trwania i rozpadu.
Requirements for Badminton Strokes in One Game by Elite Athletes in Single Match Numbers
Authors: Adi Indra Kusuma , Kristiyanto Agus , Nugroho Haris
Published: December 2022

Badminton is experiencing rapid development both domestically and abroad. The ultimate goal of this game is to try to drop the shuttlecock in the opponent's playing area and try to prevent the opponent from hitting the shuttlecock and dropping it on his own court, if the shuttlecock falls on the floor or gets stuck in the net, the game stops. The purpose of this study was to analyze Requirements for Badminton Strokes in One Game by Elite Athletes in Single Match Numbers. The researchers used a one-shot case study design. This research was carried out by observing badminton match videos that were broadcast on the internet media, namely YouTube. In this study, observers analyzed 4 matches played by single athletes ranked in the top 10 in the world. The data that has been collected is then analyzed, while the technique used is the percentage. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the average results of each badminton Elite Athletes' stroke in Single Match Numbers in One Game, namely: Service 10.20%, Chop 4.86%, Dropshoot 6.37%, Smash 12.21%, Lob 7.59%, Netting 33.08%, Drive 4.98%, Clear Lob 20.72%.The highest percentage is on badminton netting with a percentage result of 33.08%.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Foreign Students Stranded from Chinese Universities
Authors: Abbas Safdar , Tan Qinyi , Safdar Aamna , Teng Luyan
Published: December 2022

The study aims to inspect the influence of the pandemic of COVID-19 on the mental health of both undergraduate and postgraduate students, who have been stranded from Chinese universities. The study used the online questionnaire, which was comprised of three scales. These are self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), the self-rating depression scale (SDS), and the scale for social avoidance and distress (SAD). A total of 159 undergraduates and 153 postgraduate students have participated in this study and it comprises both males and females. For exploring the impact of the Covid-19 on the mental health of the students, who have been stranded from Chinese universities, the study has made the use of the independent sample t-test and analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). The findings show that Mental health of students stranded from universities negatively affected due to high level of anxiety, depression, and social anxiety due to pandemic. However, the level of anxiety, depression, and social anxiety has reduced to some extent as compare to earlier studies after the emergence of pandemic of COVID-19. The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected females more than males and the postgraduate students have a lower level of depression as compared to the undergraduate students because they have shown a higher level of mean and standard deviation values. Moreover, the depression level was high among the students of Natural and Applied sciences. The results also confirm that the level of anxiety, depression, and social anxiety was high in the young students as compared to the mature ones. Then, the level of anxiety and social anxiety was high in the students, who could not resume their classes and degrees. The findings of this study suggest that the mental health o undergraduate and postgraduate students should be carefully monitored after the pandemic of COVID-19 because it has left a deep mark on their mental health. Furthermore, it also calls for proper psychological counseling for addressing the issues of depression and anxiety in them.
Zrzeczenie się sum zastawnych w piętnastowiecznej Polsce – gest filantropii czy wyrachowania?
Authors: Czwojdrak Bożena
Published: December 2022

W XV w., jeszcze przed egzekucją dóbr, państwo polskie było dosyć mocno zadłużone po działaniach Władysława Jagiełły, a szczególnie jego syna Władysława Jagiellończyka. Pięciu szlachciców z ówczesnej elity władzy postanowiło zrzec się sum zapisanych im przez władcę na królewszczyznach i oddać te ziemie na powrót w ręce monarchy. Jakie pobudki nimi kierowały? Czy był to gest filantropii, czy też wyrachowania?
Kilka uwag na temat zobowiązań finansowych Mołdawii wobec Rzeczypospolitej i Imperium Osmańskiego w latach 1595–1606(1611)
Authors: Bobicescu Cristian
Published: December 2022

Artykuł poświęcono relacjom finansowym Mołdawii z Imperium Osmańskim i Rzecząpospolitą Obojga Narodów za panowania Jeremiego Mohyły (1595–1606). Na wstępie zaprezentowano tezy polskiej i rumuńskiej historiografii na temat wielkości i sposobu opłacania trybutu, który Mołdawia musiała ponosić na rzecz Korony od 1600 r. Biorąc pod uwagę, że Mołdawia znajdowała się w sytuacji podwójnej zwierzchności (polskiej i osmańsko-tureckiej), konieczne było przedstawienie relacji finansowych, które państwo to utrzymywało z Imperium Osmańskim zarówno podczas panowania Jeremiego Mohyły, jak i w okresie wcześniejszym. W tej sytuacji polska dyplomacja próbowała całkowicie przejąć Mołdawię w swoją strefę albo przez zyskanie dla siebie całego trybutu, który Mołdawia miała wypłacić Porcie przez 30–40 lat, albo przynajmniej przez zmniejszenie jego wysokości (co byłoby równoznaczne z przyjęciem Mołdawii pod swoją ochronę w relacjach z Imperium Osmańskim). Te wszystkie działania pozostały jednak bezskuteczne na płaszczyźnie formalnej. Artykuł prezentuje fiskalne poczynania Korony wobec Mołdawii w latach 1595–1606, poddaje krytyce hipotezę polskiej historiografii co do rzekomego zmniejszenia kwoty 40 tys. czerwonych zł ustalonej w Conditie w 1600 r. do 15 tys. zł (obrachunkowych), a także dostarcza informacji zarówno na temat handlu orientalnego prowadzonego przez niektórych magnatów, jak również próby narzucenia stacji wojskowych w Mołdawii.
Relikt przeszłości czy istotny stały dochód? Wpływy i rozchody z koronnych prowentów ordynaryjnych w pierwszej dekadzie rządów Jana III (1674–1683)
Authors: Hundert Zbigniew
Published: December 2022

Artykuł omawia poszczególne podatki stałe w Koronie w pierwszej dekadzie rządów Jana III Sobieskiego (1674–1683). Jego celem jest ogólna charakterystyka świadczeń zwanych prowentami ordynaryjnymi oraz znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytania, jakie były z nich wpływy, na co je przeznaczano oraz jakie było ich ogólne znaczenie w systemie podatkowym Korony? Rozważania mają dotyczyć okresu, w którym Rzeczpospolita borykała się z kłopotami finansowanymi spowodowanymi kosztami prowadzonej do 1676 r. wojny z Portą Ottomańską.
As tecnologias de informação e comunicação no contexto da clínica psicanalítica: desafios
Authors: De Souza Barbeiro Felipe , Reis Maria Elizabeth Barreto Tavares dos
Published: December 2022

O progresso tecnológico modificou as formas de interação entre os indivíduos. A psicanálise, enquanto método de investigação de processos mentais, resguarda pressupostos teóricos e técnicos, ao mesmo tempo que considera as mudanças sociais de cada época. O presente estudo visa investigar como as tecnologias de informação e comunicação são percebidas e utilizadas, por psicanalistas e pacientes, no contexto da clínica psicanalítica, bem como suas implicações na relação transferencial entre a díade. A pesquisa foi realizada com a utilização do método clínico-qualitativo. Participaram oito psicanalistas, os quais foram entrevistados a partir de um roteiro com questões disparadoras. Os dados foram examinados a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que as tecnologias invadiram os consultórios. Os profissionais entrevistados manifestaram resistências frente aos novos dispositivos no exercício da clínica psicanalítica e ressaltaram diferenças entre contatos presenciais e virtuais, considerando a relação transferencial entre a díade. Finalmente, verificou-se uma certa flexibilização no uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação com os pacientes em situações emergenciais.
Frontiers: Polarized America: From Political Polarization to Preference Polarization
Authors: Schoenmueller Verena , Netzer Oded , Stahl Florian
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates whether the polarization of political ideology extends to consumers’ preferences, intentions, and purchases.
Evaluation of halal assurance system on instant seasoning products cv. x, semarang
Authors: Rifqi Muhammad , Khairi Amalya Nurul
Published: December 2022

Instant seasoning is a mixture of spices with a certain composition that is usually used as a cooking spice. The process of making instant seasoning has a critical point of halal in its manufacture because it can be exposed to unclean contamination during production process. Purpose of this study was to analysis the suitability of the application of halal assurance system based in HAS 23000 in CV. X. Method used in data collevtion is through observation, interviews, and study literature. Results obtained after a through analysis is that not all materials used have received halal approval by LPPOM MUI because mushroom broth does not find data regarding certificate number which indicates that validity period has passed and there are deficiencies in criteria for halal assurance system from material, tarining and education, written procedures for critical activities, internal audit, and management review.
study of pig dna analysis methods in cosmetics: a review
Authors: Sofiyani Ratu Amada , Hariyanti Hariyanti , Rahmi Hanifah
Published: December 2022

Collagen is one of the components used for cosmetics. Functionally, collagen is derived from pig fat, which functions as a skin conditioning agent (Emollient), emulsion stabilizer (Emulsifier), and as ingredient to increase the viscosity of cosmetic preparations. The method that can detect pig content is the PCR method, which can confirm the presence of DNA content in pigs. In this study, an analysis of cosmetic products containing porcine DNA was carried out using the PCR method. This research was divided into two stages: the initial stage was DNA extraction, and the second stage was PCR analysis. This research is a study through literature study using the narrative review technique. This study aimed to collect information and examine the analysis method of identifying pig DNA contained in cosmetics to obtain the right and accurate way through a literature approach. From the literature study results, it can be concluded that the best extraction method for the isolation of porcine DNA in cosmetic preparations is the extraction method with the Boom Method, while the DNA analysis used to identify porcine DNA in cosmetics is RT-PCR (Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction). Conventional PCR is because both methods have their respective advantages. The RT-PCR (Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction) method can amplify and quantify the number of target DNA molecules. The Conventional PCR Method can form DNA bands based on the amplification value.