bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pre-experimental prospective study to assess the knowledge of breast cancer and breast self-examination among nursing students in New Delhi, India
Authors: Sonia  , Vandana  , Kumari Kusum
Published: June 2024

Background:

As per the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) approximations, there were 19.3 million cancer cases worldwide in 2020, and approximately 10 million cancer cases were from low- and middle-income countries. Breast cancer accounts for a quarter (23%) of malignancy in women worldwide. Breast health awareness and commitment to screening procedures can help reduce the cancer burden.

Objectives:

The primary aim of this study was to assess nursing students’ knowledge of the early detection of breast cancer. Furthermore, we conducted an educational program to demonstrate the correct technique for the self-examination of breast cancer. Our secondary goal was to assess the knowledge of breast self-examination before and after the planned teaching program.

Material and Methods:

This pre-experimental prospective study was conducted at the Department of Nursing at the Lakshmi Bai Batra College of Nursing, New Delhi, India. Participants answered a structured questionnaire (r, 0.80) and participated in an educational program. A post-test was administered after the pretest and teaching program.

Results:

We enrolled 30 nursing students. Prior to the scheduled educational program, the participants were evaluated for their knowledge of breast cancer and breast self-examination; the mean and standard deviation for knowledge of breast cancer was 5.3 ± 1.3. Knowledge of breast self-examination significantly increased after the planned teaching program (P, 0.050).

Conclusions:

The nursing students in the study lacked appropriate knowledge of breast cancer and breast self-examination. Following the delivery of the suggested instructional program, the nursing students’ knowledge improved.
Clinical utility of 7-probe FISH panel in multiple myeloma in a resource-constrained setting: A retrospective and prospective observational study
Authors: Jimmy Jeny , Jha Vidya , Ajeesh GA , Aryalakshmi B , Sidharthan Neeraj , Unni Manoj
Published: June 2024

Background:

A 7-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) panel identifying abnormalities such as immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) rearrangement, deletion 17p (TP53 – tumor protein 53), hyperdiploidy, and amplification of 1q, t(11;14), t(14;16), and t(4;14) aids in diagnosis and treatment planning for patients with multiple myeloma, particularly for high-risk patients and short-survival rates.

Objectives:

The primary objective of the study was to stratify patients with multiple myeloma based on the risk of developing the disease. The secondary objective was to assess the frequency of triple- and double-hit myeloma.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective and prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Cytogenetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi, Kerala, India from January 2020 to September 2022. Bone marrow samples were analyzed using the 7-probe FISH panel and stratification for myeloma and risk-adapted therapy (mSMART) classification for risk stratification.

Results:

We included 123 samples in the study. Results showed hyperdiploidy as the most common abnormality among newly diagnosed patients (110), with 54.5% (n = 60/110) classified as high-risk and 45.5% (n = 50/110) as standard-risk. Amplification of 1q was the most common abnormality in high-risk, while hyperdiploidy prevailed in standard-risk. Out of the 110 patients, 20.9% (n = 23) patients exhibited double-hit myeloma, and only two out of 110 (1.8%) had triple-hit myeloma. Among relapsed cases (13, 11.8%), all were high-risk, with amplification of 1p1q being the most common abnormality. Out of the 13 relapsed cases, five (38.4%) were double-hit myeloma, and one (7.7%) was triple-hit myeloma. In the remaining 7 (53.8%) cases, either one of the standard risk or high-risk abnormalities or both were observed.

Conclusion:

The 7-probe FISH panel was found to be a better and more comprehensive tool for risk stratification, molecular classification, and further management of multiple myeloma patients, and it led to improved patient care. Karyotyping, in contrast, did not yield any additional information and thus can be avoided.
A Study on Life Skills among Adolescents Attending Government Schools
Authors: Mahanta Pomi , Deuri Sonia P. , Abhishek Priyadarshee , Sobhana H.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Adolescence is a phase of transition marked by several biological, psychological, and social changes. A vast majority of students attend government schools in India. There seems to be a paucity of studies assessing the level of life skills.

Materials and Methods:

The present study aimed to assess life skills among adolescents attending government schools. Life skills of government school-going adolescents belonging to the age groups of 14 (n = 47), 15 (n = 51), and 16 (n = 22) years were assessed cross-sectionally through the Life Skills Assessment Scale. Voluntary assent of the participants and written informed consent from the school and the guardians were obtained. Collected data were analyzed using the software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS, 25.0 version) using the statistical methods of mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage. To see the variation in life skills across the sociodemographic factors, independent sample t-tests (religion, residence, types of family, and socioeconomic status) and ANOVA (age levels, birth order, mother’s education, and father’s education) were used. Effect sizes were computed as partial eta-squared. The level of significance was kept at 0.05, and post hoc Bonferroni corrections were made for multiple comparisons. The study had the approval of Scientific Advisory and Institute Ethics Committees.

Results:

Students aged 14 years were significantly lower in life skills compared to the other two groups. Parental education also had a significant effect on life skills development. Children belonging to lower socioeconomic group were poorer in life skills compared to middle socioeconomic status.

Conclusion:

Findings highlight the need for the inclusion of life skills-based curriculum in government schools.
Community Reentry Program: A Therapeutic Management
Authors: Jaishri  , Rentala Shreevai
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Community Re Entry Program (CREP) is a specialized rehabilitation program for individuals with mental disorders, recovering from mental illness. This program is specifically designed to develop and integrate the skills that enable individuals to relearn the skills necessary to fully participate in activities of daily living successfully and return to home or community.
Computerized Tomographic Brain Findings in Hypertensives with Stroke in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Simon Emmanuel Dantata , Olatunji Olubunmi O. , Itanyi Ukamaka Dorothy , Aiyekomogbon Joshua Oluwafemi
Published: June 2024

Background:

Stroke has become an increasingly significant health problem, and early diagnosis of the stroke type with prompt management improves prognosis. Neuroimaging is crucial to the management of stroke, and computed tomography (CT) scan is a cardinal diagnostic tool in identifying the subtypes, the knowledge of which will improve the management of the patients.

Aims and Objectives:

The study was aimed at establishing the cranial CT findings in hypertensives with stroke, ascertain the type of stroke, frequency of specific features, such as sites, vascular territories, and secondary effects of the primary lesion. Associations of CT findings with variables such as age and coexisting risk factors were also explored.

Materials and Methods:

Eighty-four adult hypertensive patients with clinical diagnosis of stroke were serially recruited and cranial CT scan was performed, using 16-slice multidetector CT machine (Toshiba Activion 16®), within 24 h of presentation at the emergency department. All clinical findings, demographic parameters, and radiological findings were documented. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS version 23.0. Armonk, NY, USA).

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 57.94 ± 12.05 (mean ± standard deviation) and females were more than males with a male:female ratio of 1:1.3. Ischemic stroke constituted 59.5% while hemorrhagic stroke was 40.5%, and the left middle cerebral artery territory was the most common area affected by both stroke types (P < 0.01). Most of the intracerebral bleed occurred in the basal ganglia (50%), and hemorrhagic stroke was more associated with severe neurological deficits (67.6%) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Ischemic stroke was more common than hemorrhagic stroke, and more women were affected on a general note. The middle cerebral artery territory is the most common site of affectation, and positive association was established between noncompliance with anti-hypertensive medication and stroke.
Bilateral Microtia in a Female Infant: An Uncommon Congenital Ear Abnormality
Authors: Kazaure Idris Sule , Adamu Yahuza Mansur , Hikima Mustapha Shuaibu
Published: June 2024

Microtia–anotia is a spectrum of congenital anomalies of the auricle ranging from mild structural abnormality of the ear to complete absence of the ear (anotia). The condition is bilateral in 15% of cases, the right side being more commonly affected than the left in unilateral cases. The condition is of public health importance in part due to the psychological sequel, including the stigma associated with malformed ears and the burden of undergoing multiple surgeries for reconstruction. We present a case of a 39-day-old female child who presented to the hospital on account of deformed external ears and the absence of external ear opening noticed at birth. The role of imaging in these patients, particularly high-resolution computed tomographic (CT) scan, cannot be overemphasized for appropriate surgical intervention. A case of bilateral congenital microtia diagnosed on CT scan is thus presented. Bilateral congenital microtia is rare congenital malformations. The present report demonstrates the classic imaging features as seen on computed tomography which are indispensable for subsequent surgical intervention.
Eyring–Kramers law for Fokker–Planck type differential operators
Authors: Bony Jean-François , Le Peutrec Dorian , Michel Laurent
Published: June 2024

We consider Fokker–Planck type differential operators associated with general Langevin processes admitting a Gibbs stationary distribution. Under assumptions ensuring suitable resolvent estimates, we prove Eyring–Kramers formulas for the bottom of the spectrum of these operators in the low temperature regime. Our approach is based on the construction of sharp Gaussian quasimodes and avoids supersymmetry or PT-symmetry assumptions.
Pretreatment and Non-thermal Processing Technologies for Quality Maintenance and Shelf-life Extension of Seafoods
Authors: Tagrida Mohamed , Palamae Suriya , Benjakul Soottawat
Published: June 2024

The seafood industry faces significant challenges in preserving the quality and extending the shelf-life of its products to meet the demands of consumers for fresh, safe, and nutritious seafood. Apart from traditional pretreatments such as washing, sorting, and deheading, several emerging technologies like ozonized water (OW), acidic electrolyzed water (AEW), and plasma-activated water (PAW) have drawn attention for seafood industry. These innovative technologies not only improve quality of seafood but also effectively reduce contaminated microorganisms and enzymatic activity, thereby delaying spoilage. Furthermore, non-thermal processing technologies, including high pressure processing (HPP), cold plasma (CP) treatment, and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), offer promising alternatives to conventional heat-based processes. These technologies are characterized by their ability to inactivate microorganisms and enzymes, while preserving the sensory attributes and nutritional value of seafood. HPP and MAP particularly have demonstrated their profound ability to extend the shelf-life of seafood products without compromising their quality or sensorial attributes. Furthermore, the synergistic effects of combining pretreatment and non-thermal processing techniques, have potential to prolong shelf-life and improve safety of seafood products. Thus, the integration of these pretreatments and technologies offers a promising avenue for enhancing the quality and safety of seafood products.
Response to Hyperthermia and Hypoxia Stress during Compensatory Growth in Penaeus vannamei
Authors: Py Clara Adèle , Sicard María Teresa , Elizondo-González Regina , Ulaje Sergio Alan , Barajas-Sandoval Diana , Peña-Rodríguez Alberto
Published: June 2024

This study evaluated oxidative stress and resistance to abiotic stress factors of juvenile Penaeus vannamei during compensatory growth. Shrimp underwent two dietary treatments in a 50-day experiment: a reference group (REF) fed ad libitum and a restricted group (T50) fed 50% of the REF diet for 10 days, followed by 40 days of ad libitum refeeding. During refeeding, shrimp from both groups were exposed to two abiotic challenges: 1) hyperthermia (34°C) for 12 hours and 2) hypoxia (1.5 mgO2 L-1) for 9 hours, followed by reoxygenation for 3 hours (5 mgO2 L-1). Compensatory growth in the T50 group was evidenced by increased specific growth rate, hyperphagia, and improved feed efficiency. Moreover, the malondialdehyde content (MDA) and catalase activity in the shrimp hepatopancreas increased during compensatory growth, indicating oxidative stress. This result converges with the increased metabolism assessed by metabolic chambers. While hyperthermia caused oxidative stress, as indicated by the increase in MDA content in both groups, shrimp under compensatory growth demonstrated similar resistance to the REF group. Exposition to hypoxia and reoxygenation did not generate significant oxidative stress. Compensatory growth induced oxidative stress in P. vannamei without compromising resistance to hyperthermia or hypoxia events.
Genetic Diversity of Prussian Carp, Carassius Gibelio (Bloch 1782), Populations in Euphrates River Based on mtDNA and Microsatellites
Authors: Parmaksiz Arif , Sevimli Dilara Ulusal , Kurt Yusuf
Published: June 2024

Population genetic studies can be useful in understanding invasion scenarios of non-native species. Carassius gibelio is an invasive species that can be found in various river and lake systems around the world. In this study, species identification was made by mtDNA COI sequence analysis for C. gibelio populations along the Euphrates River system and the genetic diversity of the populations was revealed using mtDNA D-loop and microsatellite markers. A total of 19 alleles were detected as a result of four microsatellite markers. It has been determined that fish populations are not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium because they show inbreeding reproduction and gynogenetics. According to microsatellite data, there is no genetic structure that coincides with the geographical distribution of the populations. The Euphrates River ecosystem is exposed to the effects of invasive species as well as anthropogenic activities and the survival and diversity of natural fish populations in the rivers are endangered. If necessary precautions are not taken, natural and endemic species will not be able to compete and there will be a high probability that they will be replaced by the invasive species C. gibelio in the future.
A Comprehensive Review on Red Mud-based Geo-polymerase a Sustainable Material
Authors: Basavaraj Jeevitha , Kumar Gowthami U
Published: June 2024

Effective waste management is crucial; every waste component can be systematically controlled to minimize its creation. The development of geo-polymer concrete offers a pathway towards achieving this objective. Methods: Geo-polymers are inorganic materials that result from the alkali activation of aluminosilicates. The alumino-silicates are sourced from naturally occurring materials and industrial waste such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, and rice husk ash. Red mud, a by-product from an alumina refining industry practically rich in alumina content, can be used as a geo-polymer material along with other calcium and silicate-rich by-products to create an excellent binding material like cement. Findings: This paper studies the properties of red mud-based geo-polymer concrete. Red mud is known for its high alkalinity; it contains significant amounts of aluminium, silicon, and iron oxides, making it a valuable material for polymerization. Incorporating red mud in the production of geopolymer concrete is anticipated to have a significant impact in the future. Studies show red mud-based geo-polymer concrete's mechanical and durability properties, drawing insights from past literature. The chemical properties of red mud were correlated with the mechanical properties of the geo-polymer concrete block. Strength comparison of red mud and fly ash-based geo-polymer and red mud-mud-metakaolin eco-polymer was made to know the optimum percentage of replacement of red mud in the geo-polymer mix. Novelty: The findings will serve as a technical framework for future experimental endeavours and a more environment-friendly construction approach, ultimately assessing its practical feasibility.
The power of mentoring: developing professional skills in the railway industry
Authors: Vasiliev A. S. , Melnikova M. A. , Mineev N. V.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the issues of organizing and conducting mentoring during production and pre-diploma internships at real workplaces of railway transport enterprises for students of secondary vocational education in the railway industry. The objectives of implementing a targeted mentoring model in an educational institution have been studied.

A study was conducted of the formation of general and professional competencies, knowledge, skills, practical experience, safe, effective and modern methods and techniques for carrying out work among students of secondary vocational education in the railway industry during production and pre-graduation internships, including in student construction teams, while introducing a quality system mentoring, with official employment of students at real production facilities in the railway industry.

Particular attention is paid to the development of a mentoring system in railway transport and strengthening the connection between educational institutions of secondary vocational education and real enterprises of the railway industry in order to guarantee the effective training of highly qualified personnel.
National qualification system — 10 years of development. Results. Tasks. Prospects
Authors: Chaplinsky S. I.
Published: June 2024

In connection with the tenth anniversary of the National Qualifications System in 2024, the main directions and results of work on its development are revealed, the main directions of future prospects are outlined, and the participation of the council for professional qualifications in railway transport is des.
Development of the scientific and pedagogical school of the department “Ground Transport and Technological Complexes”
Authors: Ivanov I. A. , Vorobyov A. A. , Shadrina N. Yu. , Novoselsky I. Yu.
Published: June 2024

The scientific article reflects the main stages of the historical development of the scientific and pedagogical school of the cycle “Technology of structural metals. Materials Science”, which is one of the areas of the department “Ground transport and technological complexes”. Employees of the department made a significant contribution to solving practical problems in assessing the effectiveness of existing technological processes for restoring the tread surface profile of wheel pairs of wheels, the proposed processes of face milling and turning when restoring the wheel rim profile, including the use of preliminary induction annealing to improve machinability, optimization of cutting conditions wheels based on linear and nonlinear programming methods. A large amount of research and implementation work has been carried out to improve the repair technology and increase the reliability of the wheel-motor unit of rail crews of railway rolling stock. Issues related to surfacing operations during repairs and increasing the wear resistance of deposited surfaces were considered.

At the same time, the teachers of the department conduct training sessions on disciplines at a high methodological level, without which it is impossible to imagine a modern engineer.

Over the years of work of the cycle “Technology of Structural Metals. Materials Science” a large number of textbooks, teaching aids, guidelines and manuals on laboratory work and course design, as well as collections of scientific papers, articles and monographs on the main areas of research work were published.

The historical digression presented in this article gives an idea of the scientific potential of the department accumulated over many years, which can serve as a reliable basis for further development of new scientific directions.
Prospects using chat bots as a tool for training middle-level specialists
Authors: Privalova I. B. , Lonshakova G. A.
Published: June 2024

The subject of the research is the use of artificial intelligence in the educational process. The relevance is due to the need to introduce new technologies in order to improve the quality of training of mid-level specialists. Novelty and practical significance: the introduction of artificial intelligence helps to optimize the practical training of students.

Purpose of the research — to identify the attitude of teachers and students of the Medical College of Railway Transport to the use of artificial intelligence in the field of education.

Modern realities provide for the use of e-learning and distance technologies in education. The need for tools and services to convey knowledge via the Internet has increased with the transition of education to an online format. It is known the students spend a lot of time in messengers. An educational chatbot can become a powerful tool for online learning. This format makes learning more effective. One of the main advantages of introducing and using chatbots in education is the automation of processes in which both students and teachers, administrators, and employers participate.

Practical significance — a chat bot was created in the Medical College of Railway Transport in order to test the use of artificial intelligence in organizing practical training on the social network “VKontakte” in the community of MK ZhT, confirmed by “State Services”. A chat bot answers the most common questions of students, providing round-the-clock information support.
Analysis of the attraction of gondola cars for container transportation
Authors: Poliektov D. A. , Sheverdova M. V. , Pokrovskaya O. D. , Bertova N. A.
Published: June 2024

The subject of the study is the process of using gondola cars for transporting containers. The purpose of the study is to study the use of this non-specialized rolling stock for container transportation — gondola cars.

The prerequisites for returning to this container transportation technology, not used from 2014 to 2021, the organization of container transportation in gondola cars, and the economic component are considered. The relevance of the topic is due to the large share of container transportation and the current situation with the rolling stock — a shortage of fitting platforms and the difficulty of transporting them empty to loading points. The method of analytical comparisons is used.

Conclusions have been formulated confirming the effectiveness and rationality of container transportation using gondola cars, which seem controversial and unstable to some participants in the transportation process. The use of wagons for container transportation is an effective solution in conditions of a long supply of specialized rolling stock and its insufficient quantity on the railway network. However, container transportation in gondola cars requires the improvement of some technological documents to increase the level of safety of train traffic and the safety of transported goods.
Optimization of train handling time using jack-like devices
Authors: Chesnov A. N. , Shamansky P. S. , Komovkina N. S.
Published: June 2024

The goal of the conducted study is to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of both the existing technology for securing rolling stock and in analyzing the existing developments of prospective mechanized securing devices. It considers the possibility of optimizing the processing time of rolling stock in railway station yards through the use of automated securing devices.

The article presents the results of an analysis of the activities of the JSC “Russian Railways” and examines such an important transportation parameter as the turnover of freight wagons, including a breakdown of wagon turnover by elements. Special attention is paid to the fact that at railway stations, rolling stock spends a major part of the transportation process cycle.

To achieve the set goal, a detailed analysis of the existing and proposed technologies for securing and releasing the securing of rolling stock at stations was conducted. The advantages and disadvantages of each technology, as well as the time spent on performing operations for securing and releasing the securing of rolling stock, are considered. Based on the analysis, the most effective technology for securing and releasing the securing of rolling stock is selected. The main criterion for selecting the technology is the reduction of processing time for rolling stock at stations.

In conclusion, the article presents the main findings and recommendations for the implementation of the selected technology at railway stations. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the desire to reduce operational costs by shortening the processing time of compositions in the context of increasing transport volumes and high competition in the transportation market. This can lead to economic benefits, optimal resource utilization, increased efficiency, and competitiveness of the company. Technically, it will also improve the reliability of securing mechanisms, reduce the risk of technical malfunctions, and increase the overall productivity of stations.
Exegese teológico-pastoral do Oráculo sobre Jerusalém em Mateus 23,37-39
Authors: Aguiar Nobre José , Ânttone Rufino Chaybom
Published: June 2024

Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar a passagem de Mateus 23,37-39, em que Jesus profetiza sobre a Cidade de Jerusalém: “Jerusalém, Jerusalém, que matas os profetas...”. O problema da pesquisa ficou assim formulado: como compreender pastoralmente o oráculo de Jesus sobre Jerusalém? A perícope está presente também em Lc 13,34-35, porém ambientada em um contexto diferente. Metodologicamente elaboramos um estudo no intuito de compreender o Evangelho segundo Mateus, sua autoria, o tempo de sua composição, estrutura, doutrina, a relação da comunidade mateana e a função da sinagoga a fim de termos uma chave de leitura para a análise e a interpretação da passagem bíblica. Ainda em termos metodológicos, fizemos a análise do texto em grego, com o uso do aparato crítico, por meio da comparação das variantes e das traduções em língua portuguesa, que ajudaram num melhor entendimento da evolução e da interpretação do texto. Em seguida vem a análise da redação, a fim de elucidar melhor a composição estrutural do texto. A análise da historicidade permite ver a evolução histórica do texto. Com a análise do conteúdo, foi possível ampliar a visão e a percepção para ressignificar cotidianamente a pastoral e a vida à luz da verdade revelada em Jesus.
Competências do enfermeiro em Unidades de Pronto Atendimento no Brasil – revisão de integrativa
Authors: Oliveira Wender Antonio de , Musse Juliana de Oliveira , Braga Cristina , Marreira Marcelo , Olímpio Aloísio , Reis Maria José dos , Douradinho Christian , Chaves Mônica , Leão Fabio da Silva , Capeloa Cristina Nunes , Menezes João Carlos de Andrade
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral, descrever de maneira conceitual de acordo com literatura acadêmico-científica, conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes necessárias ao enfermeiro que atua em unidade de Pronto-Atendimento. A justificativa para a escolha do tema paira sobre sua contemporaneidade, além da expectativa de contribuir para o âmbito acadêmico. O método de pesquisa empreendido é de revisão integrativa, com o levantamento de dados no banco do Pub-Med, Lilacs e Scielo, fazendo a busca pelos descritores: competências, enfermeiro, pronto-atendimento, habilidades e perfil. Dos resultados, foram selecionadas as publicações em língua portuguesa, entre 2013 e 2023 que, após a leitura dos resumos, se enquadraram ao objetivo da pesquisa. Dentre os principais achados, foi possível concluir que a atuação do enfermeiro na área Pronto-Atendimento parte da premissa que o mesmo deva adquirir competências específicas, bem como estar preparado as exposições decorrentes aos riscos ocupacionais. Todavia, os achados relacionados ao perfil e competências dos enfermeiros emergencistas ainda são escassos, deixando notar que existe uma necessidade de humanização no cuidado desses profissionais, especialmente considerando que seu trabalho em Unidade de Pronto Atendimento é essencial para a manutenção da vida, o que se provou após a pandemia de COVID-19 que assolou o mundo e o Brasil em especial durante 3 anos.
Valor agregado de la investigación en la educación de pregrado: un análisis de sus beneficios
Authors: Dávila Cisneros Juan Diego
Published: June 2024

PROBLEMA:  en la actualidad lograr el desarrollo de las investigaciones científicas en las universidades es de vital importancia. En este sentido, es fundamental que los estudiantes de pregrado sean vinculados a investigaciones, mediante proyectos, talleres, eventos, conferencias científicas, entre otros. OBJETIVO: ilustrar la importancia que posee la participación de los estudiantes de pregrado en el ámbito investigativo, y como estos aportan elementos distintivos, logrando que las universidades se vean favorecidas en cuanto a índices de calidad, internacionalización e investigación. MÉTODO: la investigación responde a un paradigma cualitativo de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo, donde se realizó una revisión teórica de los principales estudios dirigidos al manejo categorial de la investigación en estudiantes de pregrado. A su vez, se empleó el análisis de contenido, así como el manejo de técnicas y fuentes de información como recurso metodológico.  RESULTADOS: el estudio realizado permitió identificar de manera general que, la vinculación de los estudiantes de pregrado en la esfera de investigación científica enriquece el quehacer académico-científico de los estudiantes, todo ello debido a que dicha participación contribuye al mejoramiento de buenas prácticas en la investigación científica. CONCLUSIÓN: a través de la vinculación de los estudiantes de pregrado en proyectos de investigación, talleres, eventos, conferencias científicas, entre otros, se puede evidenciar el desarrollo y fomento de valores como el liderazgo y la resiliencia en el ámbito académico estudiantil universitario.
Dimensiones de la comunicación oral en estudiantes de español como lengua extranjera: un enfoque multidimensional
Authors: Briceño Núñez Chess Emmanuel
Published: June 2024

PROBLEMA: la complejidad de la comunicación oral en estudiantes de español como lengua extranjera, considerando la interacción de factores físicos, lingüísticos, cognitivos y socioemocionales que influyen en la comunicación efectiva. OBJETIVO: analizar la comunicación oral en estudiantes brasileños en nivel A2 de español, identificando fortalezas y debilidades en aspectos verbales y no verbales, comprendiendo la interacción entre estos factores. MÉTODO: empleando un enfoque descriptivo y metodología cuali-cuantitativa, se evaluó a 25 estudiantes de 20 a 25 años. Se diseñó un instrumento para medir habilidades orales, evaluando fluidez, lenguaje corporal, elección de contenido, pronunciación y estructura discursiva. RESULTADOS: los participantes destacan en fluidez, lenguaje corporal y elección de contenido al comunicarse en español. Se identificaron áreas de mejora, como pronunciación y estructura discursiva, sugiriendo enfoques para futuras enseñanzas. CONCLUSIÓN: el estudio subraya la naturaleza multidimensional de la habilidad oral en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras. Resalta la importancia de considerar tanto aspectos verbales como no verbales en la enseñanza de comunicación oral, junto con autenticidad y adaptabilidad. La investigación evidencia la conexión entre elementos persuasivos y expresivos, enfatizando la relevancia de vitalidad y autenticidad en la expresión oral.
Aprendizaje de las ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias mediado con GeoGebra
Authors: Guerra Cáceres Martín Enrique
Published: June 2024

PROBLEMA: en la educación matemática es de interés describir los esquemas del estudiantado después de concluir secuencias de aprendizaje ad hoc. OBJETIVO:  caracterizar los esquemas gráfico-algebraico del concepto de solución de una ecuación diferencial ordinaria de primer orden de los estudiantes después de concluir una secuencia de aprendizaje diseñada bajo un enfoque gráfico-algebraico mediado con GeoGebra. MÉTODO: la metodología utilizada es de naturaleza cualitativa y se reporta un estudio de casos a partir de datos obtenidos de un cuestionario y una entrevista semi estructurada realizada a un estudiante de licenciatura en matemáticas. Esta intervención fue realizada dieciocho semanas después de concluir la secuencia de aprendizaje. RESULTADOS: las producciones escritas y los extractos de la entrevista indican que el esquema del estudiante sobre el concepto solución de una ecuación se caracteriza por el predominio de acciones y procesos subordinados al modo de pensamiento algebraico y algorítmico, con presencia de interacciones y conexiones cognitivas débiles entre las rutas algebraica y gráfica. CONCLUSIÓN: el estudiante ha desarrollado un incipiente esquema gráfico-algebraico del concepto de solución de una ecuación diferencial ordinaria de primer orden, pero este esquema no se ha logrado consolidar como un objeto, puesto que la aplicación del esquema se limita a realizar las acciones y procesos que las rutas gráfica y algebraica demandan, con conexiones débiles entre ellas.
Reprobación de asignaturas básicas en estudiantes del Doctorado en Medicina, El Salvador
Authors: Escobar Castaneda José Manuel
Published: June 2024

PROBLEMA: el estudio de la medicina se vuelve complejo sobre todo en el aprendizaje de ciencias básicas, ya sea por por factores sociales, económicos o factores propiamente académicos. En la Facultad Multidisciplinaria de Occidente, en la carrera Doctorado en Medicina no se conoce de una forma documentada ¿cuál ha sido el porcentaje de reprobación de los estudiantes de Medicina? en las asignaturas de Anatomía, Fisiología y Bioquímica. OBJETIVO: sistematizar el porcentaje de estudiantes de medicina que reprobaron y/o retiraron la matrícula de las asignaturas. Anatomía, Fisiología y Bioquímica, en los últimos 10 años. MÉTODO: se utilizó la revisión de documentos virtuales, con una muestra 50% de los datos existentes en el sistema informático. Esta información no tiene reserva por la ley de acceso a la información pública, por lo que puede ser consultada. RESULTADOS: obteniendo que la reprobación de estudiantes en las asignaturas de Anatomía Humana I y II y Bioquímica I y II, está por arriba del 50% de los inscritos al principio del ciclo y en Fisiología Humana I y II, el promedio de reprobación es del 25%. Se compararon los resultados con datos obtenidos en otros estudios.  CONCLUSIÓN: el porcentaje de reprobación es más alto que en la región, por lo que es necesario más estudios y buscar alternativas de solución.
Factores que intervienen en el desarrollo de la cultura investigativa universitaria
Authors: Mezquita Linares Elvia Lorena
Published: June 2024

PROBLEMA: ¿Qué factores intervienen en el desarrollo de la cultura investigativa del profesorado en las universidades? Trayendo como consecuencia la poca o nula cultura investigativa en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES). OBJETIVO: identificar los factores que intervienen en el desarrollo de la cultura investigativa universitaria, a nivel docente. MÉTODO: la investigación es eminentemente teórica, basada en argumentos previos y sistemáticos, haciendo análisis documental. Para la muestra se utilizó el muestro discrecional, el criterio de selección fue que los artículos y documentos, procedieran de diferentes autores relacionados al objeto de estudio. Revisando un total de quince fuentes bibliográficas afines a este. Además, tiene un enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo. RESULTADOS: los factores tiempo, predominio de la docencia en relación a la investigación, burocracia administrativa entre otros, fueron identificados como los principales inhibidores del desarrollo de la cultura investigativa universitaria. Los docentes postergan la investigación por el desarrollo de otras actividades, que contribuyan a cumplir con la carga académica y administrativa, de acuerdo a las exigencias laborales y económicas.  CONCLUSIÓN:  fomentar la cultura investigativa a nivel universitario, requiere de la consolidación de los factores antes mencionados en beneficio de esta.
Problems in theoretical mechanics
Authors: Avagyan Roland , Saharian Aram , Petrosyan Tigran
Published: June 2024

Among the courses of theoretical physics, the subject “Classical mechanics” occupies a special place. It is the first in the series and introduces fundamental ideas and laws that are being used later in the courses “Classical electrodynamics”, “Quantum mechanics”, “Statistical physics”, “Quantum field theory”, and “Classical theory of gravitation”. The most important ones are the principle of least action, conservation laws, canonical transformations, the Hamiltonian formulation of the description of the dynamics of physical systems, and the patterns of the dynamics of oscillatory systems. A necessary component for the successful understanding of the course is the application of the laws and research methods outlined during the lectures in solving specific problems. This book includes more than 130 problems of varying complexity, some of which are taken from various books known in the literature. During the selection of problems, the many-year experience of teaching the subject “Classical mechanics” at the Chair of Theoretical Physics named after Academician Gurgen Sahakyan of Yerevan State University was taken into account. Problems are accompanied by solutions for effective selfwork. Instructions are given for uncomplicated problems, and detailed solutions are provided for relatively complex ones. The authors are grateful to the lecturers of the Chair of Theoretical Physics named after academician Gurgen Sahakyan for detailed discussions and useful advice, they warmly thank the reviewers Professor L. Aslanyan and Professor L. Grigoryan for valuable remarks.
Basics of mycology, algeology and botany
Authors: Nanagyulyan Siranoush , Shahazizyan Iren , Eloyan Inessa , Poghosyan Astghik , Zakaryan Narine , Adamyan Ruzanna , Margaryan Lusine
Published: June 2024

Laboratory work in mycology and botany is essential in training specialists in various branches of natural science and pedagogy. The purpose of this textbook is to assist students in acquiring fundamental knowledge about fungi, lichens, algae, and higher plants, which is necessary for integrating theoretical material and practical skills in biology. The textbook presents laboratory exercises on the anatomy, morphology and taxonomy of fungi, lichens (lichenized fungi), algae and higher plants. For each topic, the main theoretical issues are briefly outlined. The textbook is intended for YSU and other higher education institutions students specializing in the fields of biology, biochemistry and biotechnology, food safety, and pharmacy. The manual is illustrated with drawings and tables that help in mastering the educational material.
Armeno - Classica Parallels
Authors: Stepanyan Albert
Published: June 2024

The monograph has the task of highlighting the mental and spiritual relations of Armenians with the ancient (Greco-Roman) environment. It spans different historical eras, from classical Athens to the declining Roman Republic and early medieval Armenia. In terms of content, it refers to transformed paradigms of meaning and history, social play and theater, historiography and national identity. These approaches determined the structure of the monograph, consisting of three typological parts: "Wisdom and history", "Friendly game, theatricality and history", "Wisdom in the synthesis of history". These points of view are met by prominent figures of the past who were involved in the general mental and spiritual plasma of the West: Plotinus and Movses Khorenatsi, Pericles-Socrates and Artavazd II, Sallustius and Eghishe. Their meeting platform is the opposite perspective of the modern researcher, capable of overcoming the objective boundaries of historical time and space.
Criminal-Executive Law of the Republic of Armenia
Authors: Khachikyan Harutyun
Published: June 2024

For the first time in the domestic legal literature, the fundamental provisions of the theory of criminal-executive law are presented in the form of a university textbook. The principles of penitentiary law and RA penitentiary policy, the status of institutions and bodies that carry out punishments, the legal status of convicts, the procedure and conditions for the execution and serving of all types of criminal punishments, based on the RA criminal and penitentiary codes, normative legal acts, including other intra-departmental acts, have been revealed. The requirements of the international legal documents on the treatment of convicts, the achievements of the science and practice of this field of law have also taken into consideration. All changes and additions made to the Criminal Code of the Republic of Armenia and other legal acts regulating the execution of sentences as of September 1, 2023 have been presented. The textbook is primarily intended for law-oriented university students and PhD students. At the same time, it can be of interest to researchers, lecturers, employees of the penitentiary system and all those who deal with the problems of punishments and their execution and serving.
DETERMINAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN SEBELUM DAN SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Amiruddin Ahmad , Karnawati Yosevin , Wahyuningsih Dwi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari struktur modal, profitabilitas dan likuditas terhadap kebijakan dividen. Selain itu juga untuk mengetahui apakah pandemi covid-19 memoderasi struktur modal, profitabilitas dan likuiditas terhadap kebijakan dividen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang tergabung dalam LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2018 – 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel yang diolah aplikasi Eviews 10. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Profitabilitas berpengaruh positif terhadap kebijakan dividen, sedangkan struktur modal berdampak negative terhadap kebijakan dividen dan likuiditas tidak mempengaruhi kebijakan dividen. Selain itu, pandemi Covid-19 semakin memperkuat dampak profitabilitas terhadap kebijakan dividen. Sedangkan pandemi covid-19 tidak dapat mempengaruhi dan memberikan dampak variabel struktur modal dan likuiditas terhadap kebijakan dividen.
PENGARUH KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAA
Authors: Afridayani Afridayani , Mardianti Eva
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of independent commissioners, managerial ownership and institutional ownership on company value. The population in this research are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the Infrastructure sector for the 2018-2022 period with a sample size of 75 with certain criteria. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research show that: 1) Independent Commissioners have no significant effect on Company Value. 2) Managerial ownership has no significant effect on company value. 3) Institutional Ownership has a significant effect on Company Value. 4) Independent Commissioners, Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership simultaneously influence Company Value.
Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in Neonatal Calves with Acute Diarrhea: A Study in Şanlıurfa Province, Southeastern Anatolia, Türkiye
Authors: Balıkçı Canberk , Gülersoy Erdem , Şahan Adem , Saytekin Ahmet Murat , Güllü Yücetepe Ayfer , Günal İsmail , Akdağ Fatma
Published: June 2024

Diarrhea is one of the most important health problems in neonatal calves. Salmonellosis, one of the causes of diarrhea in neonatal calves, continues to be one of the major health problems worldwide. Prevalence data on enteropathogens can provide basic information for control and prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in neonatal calves with acute diarrhoea in Şanlıurfa province located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Türkiye. The animal material of the study consisted of 100 neonatal calves with acute diarrhoea aged 1-28 days. The presence of Salmonella spp. was determined by PCR method from rectal fecal samples taken from the calves included in the study. As a result of the study, 5% prevalence of Salmonella spp. was determined. This study showed that there is a potential risk of zoonotic Salmonella spp. infection in neonatal calves with acute diarrhoea in the region and an original contribution was made to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in Türkiye. It was emphasized that treatment for the causative agent and necessary protective measures should be taken in the region. In addition, further studies with multifocal serotyping in human and animal populations living in this region and other regions of Türkiye are needed in terms of the epidemiology of zoonotic Salmonella spp.
Redesign Logo Brand dan Kemasan Dodol Garut Picnic Makanan Khas Garut
Authors: Junivia Junivia , I Marwan Rudi Heri
Published: June 2024

Dodol Garut Picnic merupakan salah satu makanan khas Garut yang banyak dicari oleh para wisatawan sehingga logo brand dan kemasan yang dimiliki harus menarik dan jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah identitas Perusahaan yang mampu memberikan citra yang lebih baik dan konsisten sekaligus menjadi pengenalan budaya untuk berbagai generasi baik nasional maupun internasional sehingga mampu meningkatkan daya jual dan daya saing produk Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan berbagai tahap yakni pengumpulan data dari jurnal- jurnal resmi, buku, referensi, website serta wawancara hingga observasi. Hal yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah logo brand dan kemasan dodol garut Picnic yang dikemas dengan salah satu motif batik Garutan. Redesign logo brand dan kemasan dodol garut picnic ini dirancang dengan memadukan nilai budaya-budaya Indonesia untuk meningkatkan citra Perusahaan, daya saing dan daya jual produk Indonesia sekaligus sebuah pengenalan budaya Indonesia. Perancangan ini juga bertujuan mengetahui proses redesign logo dan kemasan yang baik dan menarik, proses membuat event launching produk yang menarik dan informatif serta proses pengaplikasian logo brand dan kemasan kedalam media promosi yang menarik dan informatif.