bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autorregulação da aprendizagem e autonomia promovidas em práticas educativas docentes de Relações Públicas
Authors: Nicoletti Célia Christina de A. Padreca , Mendonça Samuel
Published: October 2024

Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa realizada com docentes e/ou coordenadores dos cursos de Relações Públicas de Instituições de Ensino Superior do Brasil, que buscou identificar se as práticas educativas podem ser ressignificadas por meio da promoção da autorregulação da aprendizagem e da autonomia do discente. A partir de uma revisão de literatura sobre o objeto de pesquisa, notou-se o ineditismo do artigo. A pesquisa foi qualitativa e considerou dados quantitativos ao descrever e analisar os dados empíricos coletados em campo, em duas etapas, utilizando dois instrumentos: (i) questionário estruturado com 20 questões de múltipla escolha, formuladas com base na escala Likert, que contou com 18 participantes; e (ii) entrevista estruturada com 12 questões abertas, respondida por 13 dos 18 participantes da etapa anterior). A amostra indicou resultados que foram agrupados em três categorias de análises e doze eixos. Observou-se que os participantes da amostra identificaram a importância da promoção da autorregulação e da autonomia no processo de ensino e aprendizagem no ensino superior e entendem a necessidade de adquirir o devido conhecimento sobre os constructos da autorregulação da aprendizagem, para que possam trazer outras contribuições acerca de uma temática pouco explorada e aplicada. Espera-se que novos estudos surjam a partir dos resultados apresentados nesta pesquisa, que buscou verificar se as práticas docentes em Relações Públicas podem ser ressignificadas por meio da promoção da autorregulação e da autonomia.
Análise da Evolução do Ensino Superior no Rio Grande do Sul no Século XXI
Authors: Oliveira Lívio Luiz Soares de
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, empregando uma metodologia descritiva e exploratória (Gil, 2008), a evolução da graduação presencial no Rio Grande do Sul, no período entre 2000 e 2022. Com essa finalidade, foram analisados dados relativos aos números de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), cursos, vagas, inscritos, ingressantes, matrículas e concluintes. Com base nestes indicadores, um dos resultados deste estudo mostra que o ensino superior no estado cresceu de forma significativa no período analisado. Essa expansão foi estimulada pelo aumento da oferta de vagas nas instituições privadas. Outro importante resultado é que o ensino superior gaúcho alcançou uma taxa líquida de escolarização de 26,6%, estando próximo de se consolidar, em termos de acesso, como um sistema massificado. Os dados mostram maior representatividade feminina no ensino superior gaúcho. Quanto ao perfil racial, os indicadores sinalizam que existe sobrerrepresentação de brancos e, principalmente, amarelos em relação aos percentuais das raças da população recenseada. Segundo os dados, embora ainda exista considerável desigualdade na representatividade entre as raças/cores no ensino superior gaúcho, elas diminuíram no período analisado.
Bipolar Disorder and Suicide
Authors: Michel Bourin
Published: October 2024

Suicide is a dramatic and frequent consequence of bipolar disorder. Prevention of suicidal behavior involves an assessment of suicidal vulnerability factors (history of suicidal behavior, impulsive personality, etc.), characteristics of depression (agitated depression, a subtype of bipolar disorder, etc.), psychiatric comorbidities, and stress factors. Psychosocial at the same time with the characteristics of suicidal behavior in a depressed subject (severe or repeated gestures in particular) make it possible to direct the diagnosis towards a bipolar disorder rather than a major depressive disorder. In addition to training caregivers to screen for bipolar disorder and assess suicidal behavior, the withdrawal of lethal means, networking, and treatment of depression reduce the risk of suicidal behavior. At the medicinal level, the use of lithium salts could be of particular interest in subjects at high risk of suicide.
The perception of meaningful work by employed and self-employed workers in the sphere of education
Authors: Krylova Natalia
Published: October 2024

The collection of studies on meaningful work is still quite fragmented and lacks resumptive theoretical models that can be applied to various employment statuses. This article examines the meaningful work phenomenon for both employed and self-employed workers using qualitative data. Drawing on 16 in-depth semi-structured interviews with school teachers and self-employed private tutors in Russia, the analysis demonstrates the nature of meaningful work constructed by employment status. Different institutional frameworks form institutional legitimacy, professional community, the final product of work and the prestige of occupation. The article’s primary theoretical contribution is the development of a theoretical model that describes the multifaceted and impermanent nature of meaningful work. The practical implications include the revelation of prominent differences among workers having different employment statuses, which is a solid foundation for future attempts in conducting quantitative research.
We are civil society!
Authors: Böhmová Ludmila
Published: October 2024

The study expands on the current debate about post-socialist civil society and social movements, specifically in Croatia. Taking the strategic practices of the Croatian feminist movement in relation to the right to abortion in the last decade as the research unit, it employs the conception of post-socialist civil societies, focuses on the practices of civil society, and differentiates between contentious and compliant practices regardless of the form of organisation or engagement. The study examines whether the strategic practices of the Croatian feminist movement have changed in the last decade and, if so, which factors have played the most significant role. The study is based on a critical content analysis of interviews with the actors themselves and draws on their interpretations of the strategic practices. It finds that the Croatian feminist movement has, in the last decade, rethought the dominant compliant strategic practices inherent in the nonprofit sector and the organisations within it and has turned more towards contentious practices. The research described in the paper finds that there are three dominant factors behind the rethinking of the strategic practice: two external – the growing prominence of the conservative movement and the new expected abortion law – and one internal: a generational shift.
Yale University adapted Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining and Imaging Protocol for Fresh Frozen Human Lymph node Samples adapted from Indiana University v1
Authors: Farzad Negin , Enninful Archibald , Fan Rong
Published: October 2024

This protocol presents the Yale University TMC Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining & Imaging Protocol for Fixated Fresh Frozen Human Lymph Node Samples. This protocol was adapted from Indiana University adapted Akoya Phenocycler-Fusion Tissue Staining and Imaging Protocol for Fresh Frozen Kidney Samples. This protocol has been used for FF human lymph node samples for the Cellular Senescence Network (SenNet) Program and the Human BioMolecular Atlas Program consortia. The size of the marker panels has ranged between 35 to 47 targets and includes cell type markers for B cells, T cells, macrophages, and other immune cell types. that will label various cell types Multiple sections have been placed on a single slide and imaged simultaneously.
From Individual Disconnection to Collective Practices for Journalists’ Wellbeing
Authors: Bossio Diana , Bélair-Gagnon Valérie , Holton Avery E. , Molyneux Logan
Published: October 2024

Journalists are increasingly experiencing the negative consequences of online news transformations, such as trolling and harassment, as well as audience distrust. Despite acute need, intra-organisational efforts to support journalists’ online wellbeing have so far been limited. More recently, research has explored how journalists have turned to individual practices of disconnection, such as blocking, muting, or small breaks from online media to mediate the impacts of their everyday online labour (Bossio et al., 2024). Building on this research, this study explores how these individual practices are moving toward collective practices of disconnection. Using interviews with 21 journalists, this study traces how emergent collective practices might contribute to systemic change in journalism. We argue that in lieu of intra-organizational support, journalists seek to disconnect through informal sharing of experiences and support as well as collective efforts toward inter-organisational training and intra-organisational formalization mentoring programs.
The Potential of AI in Information Provision in Energy-Efficient Renovations: A Narrative Review of Literature
Authors: Bingöl C. Koray , Wang Tong , Ersoy Aksel , Van Bueren Ellen
Published: October 2024

Energy-efficient renovation (EER) is a complex process essential for reducing emissions in the built environment. This research identifies homeowners as the main decision-makers, whereas intermediaries and social interactions between peers are highly influential in home renovations. It investigates information and communication barriers encountered during the initial phases of EERs. The study reviews AI tools developed within the EERs domain to assess their capabilities in overcoming these barriers and identifies areas needing improvement. This research examines stakeholders, barriers, and the AI tools in the literature for EERs. The discussion compares the functionalities of these tools against stakeholder needs and the challenges they face. Findings show that tools often overlook methodologies in human–computer interaction and the potential of textual and visual AI methods. Digital tool development also lacks insights from social science and user feedback, potentially limiting the practical impact of these innovations. This article contributes to the EERs literature by proposing an AI-supported framework and outlining potential research areas for future exploration, particularly improving tool effectiveness and stakeholder engagement to scale up the EER practice.
MAGIC SQUARES OF PERFECT SQUARES AND PELL NUMBERS
Authors: Coumbe D. N.
Published: October 2024

Order three magic squares of distinct squared integers are studied. We show that such a magic square is not possible if the smallest entry is the square of a prime number, or unity. A method for generating all arithmetic progressions of three squared integers whose smallest term is the square of a prime or unity is presented via a set of linear transformation matrices involving the Pell numbers.
FAILURE MODEL OF NON-RESTORABLE COMPLEX TECHNICAL OBJECT OF MILITARY EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lienkov S.V. , Sieliukov O.V. ,   SNU, CHINA, Banzak G.V. ,   SUITC, Leschenko O.I. ,   SUITC
Published: October 2024

Maintenance (MT) is a necessary component the process of operating a complex technical object of military equipment, intended for long-term operation in wartime and harsh operating conditions. The volume, content and timing of maintenance must be completely determined by the reliability properties of the object, conditions and modes of its use. Effective implementation of any maintenance operation is possible only if the design of the object provides special means for this purpose (for measuring the defining parameters) and ensures the accessibility and convenience of performing the operation. Complex technical objects in modern society are extremely important. Such objects belong to the class of restored objects long-term repeated use. They are usually expensive and require significant operating costs. To ensure the required level of failure-free operation during their operation, maintenance is usually carried out, the essence of which is the timely preventive replacement of elements that are in a pre-failure state, which is very important for military equipment. A characteristic feature of complex technical objects for special purposes (military equipment) is the presence in their composition of a large number (tens, hundreds of thousands) different types of components that have different levels of reliability, different patterns of their wear and aging processes. This feature requires a more subtle approach to organizing and planning maintenance during operation (of military equipment). The above statements fully justify the conclusion about need to determine the main characteristics of the maintenance system in early stages of its design, when it is still possible to make changes to design of the object. In this work, a model of failure-free operation non-repairable complex technical object of military equipment is developed. The work also confirms the general idea that data obtained fully confirm the assumption that a maintenance strategy that is not restored is more preferable in the case of unreliable (inaccurate) information about the reliability indicators of elements of a military equipment object.
Cost of epilepsy in the Russian Federation
Authors: Romanov A. S. , Sharakhova E. F. , Shova N. I. , Mikhailov V. A.
Published: October 2024

Background. Epilepsy underdiagnosis in Russia, population aging, innovative drugs and expensive treatment regimens, the introduction of additional and alternative methods such as neurosurgery, annually increase the cost for treatment of epilepsy patients. In this regard, an issue of maximizing benefits for the largest number of the population becomes relevant. Pharmacoeconomical research within the assessment of healthcare technologies helps to choose the most economically and medically effective treatment strategy among numerous alternatives.

Objective: analysis of epilepsy-associated costs in the Russian Federation, aimed at supporting decision-making processes in the field of health policy and financing.

Material and methods. The empirical study was based on collecting the data on a continuous sampling of 384 epilepsy outpatient records from subjects aged 19 to 79 years for the period 2019–2022. The issues related to all costs of epilepsy were discussed. While planning, conducting and analyzing these studies, the principles of strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) were taken into account.

Results. The total annual per-patient expenditure on epilepsy treatment comprised a fifth of gross domestic product per capita. Indirect costs exceed direct cost savings. It was found out that the economic damage caused to society, family, and individual related to epilepsy is three times higher than the direct costs.

Conclusion. The results obtained are consistent with other publications in which unemployment among epilepsy patients is one of the major cost-determining factors and illustrates a critical need to maintain employment for such patients or to find suitable alternative work through professional retraining.
CARAVAGGIO’NUN ‘JUDITH HOLOFERNES’İN KAFASINI KESERKEN’ TABLOSUNUN İKONOGRAFİK ve İKONOLOJİK ELEŞTİRİ YÖNTEMİYLE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ
Authors: Düz Nazan , Parlak Makbule
Published: October 2024

Bu araştırmada İtalyan ressam Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio’nun “Judith, Holofenernes’in Kafasını Keserken” isimli tablosu Erwin Panofsky’nin “İkonografik ve İkonolojik Sanat Eleştirisi” yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Eserin ana konusu Yahudilerin Asurlular tarafından istila edilmesinden sonra Yahudi bir kadın olan Judith’in Asurlular’a karşı cesaretini göstermektir. Eserde Judith, halkını Asurlulardan kurtarmak için, Asur generali Holofernes’i baştan çıkarıp, sarhoş ettikten sonra onun kafasını keserken tasvir edilmiştir. Eser, İtalyan Barok Dönemi’nde Caravaggio tarafından 1598-1599 yıllarında yapılmış olup ebatları 145x195 cm’dir ve şu anda Roma Ulusal Antik Sanat Galerisi - Barberini Sarayı’nda sergilenmektedir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma tekniklerinden betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmış, veriler yazılı ve görsel malzeme taraması yapılarak toplanmış, Panofsky’nin “İkonografik ve İkonolojik Sanat Eleştirisi” yöntemi ile karşılaştırmalı analizi yapılmıştır. Bu yönteme göre eser; saf biçim ve nesnelerin saptandığı doğal anlam (olgusal, ifadesel anlam), sanatsal motif ve kompozisyonların tema ve kavramlarla birleştirildiği anlaşmalı/uzlaşmalı (ikincil anlam) ve son olarak ikincil anlam ve motiflerden içeriğe doğrudan geçişin yer aldığı içsel anlam (içerik) olmak üzere üç bölümde analiz edilmiştir. Eserin doğal anlam bölümünde mekân-figür-nesne tasvirleri incelenmiş, anlaşmalı anlam bölümünde esere konu olan hikâye ve bu hikâyenin ele alınışı yorumlanmış ve son olarak eserin içsel anlamı ile aynı dönemlerde aynı konuyu ele alan Artemisia Gentileschi, Peter Paul Rubens, Valentine de Boulogne ve Adam Elsheimer’in eserleri ile karşılaştırmalı analizi yapılmıştır. Judith'in Holofernes'in kafasını kesme hikâyesi sosyolojik açıdan bir toplumda kadın algısını değerlendirmek için önemli bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Birçok hikâye, erkeklerin milletleri için kahramanlıklarını anlatırken milleti için kahramanlık gösteren bir kadının hikâyesini resme konu etmek dönemin kalıplaşmış katı geleneğinden kurtulmak isteyen sanatçılara yeni imkânlar sunmuştur.
Special Collegium Activities on Certain Categories of Cases (1934–1938)
Authors: Shkarevsky D. N.
Published: October 2024

Special collegiums operated in 1934–1938 as part of the Supreme Court of the USSR, the supreme courts of the Union republics, regional and regional courts, and the main courts of the autonomous republics. Their creation can be considered as an experiment in transferring cases of state crimes from non-curial to judicial authorities. The special collegiums activities were provided by the NKVD, special departments of the prosecutor’s office and the sector of special courts of the People’s Commissariat of Justice of the USSR. Their personnel consisted of former NKVD officers and nominees of local justice authorities. All this makes it possible to characterize them as bodies of special justice. The most notable cases considered by special collegiums were cases of anti-Soviet agitation (Article 58–10 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), cases under the decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR dated August 07, 1932 («The Law on  Three Spikelets») and cases of banditry (Article 59-3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). All of them were considered within the framework of the campaign justice model. It was characterized by an expansion and narrowing of the interpretation of the norms of substantive law. This allowed ordinary crimes and administrative offenses to be considered as state crimes. The penalties were regulated. This led to unstable judicial practice. The methods of «simplification», i.e., deviations from the norms of substantive and procedural law, were actively used. Obviously, by the middle of 1938, the experiment of depriving non-judicial bodies of judicial functions was considered unsuccessful and the special collegiums were liquidated.
The Primacy of Commercial Gain over Ideology in Wars and Armed Conflicts
Authors: Grishchenko L. L.
Published: October 2024

The paper provides a brief analysis of the causes and reasons for military conflicts and wars in the past and present and makes a forecast for the future. By comparing ideological differences and commercial goals, the author concludes that economic priorities are the primary causes of military conflicts and wars. Analyzing historical examples, the author shows that economic priorities have always been the main reasons for unleashing military actions. The main objectives that the aggressor solved by unleashing war were: expansion of the territory of its habitat; plundering of the defeated; transformation of the defeated population into slaves (cheap labor). These priorities, in the author’s opinion, are the main ones in all wars and armed conflicts in history. Similar tasks are currently being solved by the industrial and banking oligarchs of the United States and the United West in the Middle East, Africa, Latin America and Europe. Other goals and objectives of wars and armed conflicts are secondary and can be realized as additional ones. In this regard, the question of the primary and secondary objectives of commercial benefit and ideology is resolved in favor of commercial benefit. In the paper, on the basis of scientific and research works of the author, it is concluded that the current situation in the world is a well thought out and carefully calculated by the financial oligarchs of the United States and the united West, when a commercial project and its realization should bring them substantial profits, and the population of the planet Earth — destruction, grief and suffering.
Antagonismo de Fungos Filamentosos Sobre o Fungo Fitopatogênico Alternaria sp.
Authors: Teodoro Ari Emerson Xavier , Moura Júlia Karoline Ferreira , Lima Maria Gabriela Gomes de , Viana Milena Campos de Oliveira Alencar , Barretto Marcos Carbral de Vasconcellos , Marino Regina Helena
Published: October 2024

A busca por formas alternativas de controle de fitopatógenos ao controle químico vem crescendo, com o intuito de reduzir o consumo de pesticidas e a contaminação ambiental. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar, identificar e avaliar o potencial de fungos das sementes e/ou das plântulas de alface no desenvolvimento in vitro do isolado ALT23 do fungo Alternaria sp. As cultivares de alface utilizadas foram: ‘Brava’, ‘Hanson’ e ‘Itapuã’. A ação antifúngica dos isolados fúngicos obtidos foi avaliada pelo método de confronto duplo em meio de cultura Batata-Dextrose-Ágar (BDA) durante cinco dias. Os fungos obtidos foram: BRF1 – Aspergillus niger, HSF1 – Aspergillus sp. e IF1 – Trichoderma sp. A porcentagem de inibição do crescimento do diâmetro micelial, da velocidade de crescimento e do número de esporos do fungo fitopatogênico variou de 30 a 54,9%, de 48,9 a 93,2% e de 88,3 a 100%, respectivamente. O aumento do período de cultivo dos isolados BRF1, HSF1 e IF1 favoreceu a inibição do crescimento do fungo ALT23. A avaliação do potencial antifúngica de fungos isolados das sementes de alface deve ser realizada a partir do 2º dia de cultivo, conforme o isolado. Todos os isolados fúngicos testados apresentam potencial antagônico in vitro contra o isolado do fungo ALT23 de Alternaria sp.
Palavras-chave: Aspergillus. Trichoderma. Controle Biológico.
 
Abstract
The search for alternative forms of phytopathogen control to chemical control has been growing, with the aim of reducing pesticide consumption and environmental contamination. In this respect, the objective of this work was to isolate, identify and evaluate the potential of fungi from lettuce seeds and/or seedlings in the in vitro development of the ALT23 isolate of the fungus Alternaria sp. The lettuce cultivars used were: 'Brava', 'Hanson' and 'Itapuã'. The antifungal action of the fungal isolates obtained was evaluated by the double confrontation method in potato-dextrose-agar culture medium for five days. The fungi obtained were: BRF1 - Aspergillus niger, HSF1 - Aspergillus sp. and IF1 - Trichoderma sp. The percentage of inhibition of growth in mycelial diameter, growth rate and number of spores of the phytopathogenic fungus ranged from 30 to 54.9%, 48.9 to 93.2% and 88.3 to 100%, respectively. Increasing the cultivation period of isolates BRF1, HSF1 and IF1 favored the inhibition of ALT23 growth. The antifungal potential of fungi isolated from lettuce seeds should be assessed from the 2nd day of cultivation, depending on the isolate. All the fungal isolates tested showed antagonistic potential in vitro against Alternaria sp. isolate ALT23.
Keywords: Aspergillus. Trichoderma. Biological Control.
Political Crisis and Interinstitutional Conflict Between Parliament and Executive Branch in Peru (2016–2018). A Sociometric Approach to Competitive Interactions in Political Conflict Contexts
Authors: Morales Giraldo Juan Francisco
Published: October 2024

The government of President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (2016–2018) was characterized from the outset by a hostile political environment due to a series of disagreements with Parliament amid increasing levels of public disapproval. Eventually, the crisis worsened with the forced resignation of the president, marking the beginning of a new cycle of disputes and hostility. This work analyzes the dynamics of the confrontation between the Executive Branch and Parliament to explain the deterioration of the political system amidst growing rejection from the citizenry towards both institutions. The core argument of the research addresses the concept of political support as a possible explanatory factor.
Women and Drug Trafficking. The Case of Colombia
Authors: Campos Ospina Sarah Juanita
Published: October 2024

Despite the prevalence of drug trafficking in Colombia’s strategic scenario, little is known about the participation and role of women in this criminal activity. Hence, this paper provides a qualitative study on the participation of women and the different roles they can play in all the links of the criminal chain, from the production of narcotics to their commercialization and exportation. Through interviews and a review of relevant documents, this article seeks to determine the role of women in drug trafficking in Colombia and whether this role has diversified today. The fieldwork, in particular, indicates that women’s participation has indeed changed.
Sustainable Financing from the Perspective of the Visegrad Group Countries and Regional Capital Markets
Authors: Wicha Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

An article is devoted to the issue of sustainable financing in the European Union from the perspective of the Visegrad Group countries. The conditions for the development of sustainable financing in the Visegrad Group countries and key challenges were examined and presented. The role of non-financial disclosures and stock exchanges in the region and the initiatives undertaken in this area were also indicated.
BAOC* policy in exile towards the Patriarchate of Constantinople after 1948
Authors: Garbiński Jerzy
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the attempts of the Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (BAOC) in exile to establish relations with the Patriarchate of Constantinople in the second half of the 20th century. BAOC’s intentions and policy towards the Constantinople Patriarchate were analysed, which included the implementation of the following goals: 1) confirmation/recognition of the canonical status of the BAOC by the Patriarchate of Constantinople; 2) unification of all Belarusian Orthodox parishes in the democratic West under the jurisdiction of BAOC; 3) overcoming the political division of the Belarusian diaspora in the West and reducing its role in the functioning of parishes; 4) independence of the Belarusian Orthodox Church in exile from the influence of the Russian Foreign Orthodox Church.
La información financiera en los procesos de reestructuración de grupos empresariales: las combinaciones de negocio bajo control común
Authors:   Universidad Loyola de Andalucía, Bautista Mesa Rafael
Published: October 2024

Tradicionalmente, las normas contables -y en particular, las normas internacionales de información financiera-, no han definido políticas contables aplicables a las operaciones de reestructuración de los grupos de empresa. Este trabajo analiza el debate existente en la actualidad sobre los dos enfoques valorativos que se pueden seguir para el registro de estas operaciones: el valor contable y el valor razonable. Como conclusión, el trabajo defiende la necesidad de una mayor investigación para la definición de los principios fundamentales que radican bajo las operaciones de combinación de negocio bajo control común, aunque valora los avances conseguidos en la definición de los criterios e indicadores que permitan diferenciar los tipos de transacciones.
Integration and Participation of Disabled Persons in the Labour Market. The Legal Instruments in German Law (German Report)
Authors:   University of Hamburg, Brockmann Judith , Banafsche Minou ,   University of Kassel
Published: October 2024

This paper gives an overview on German legal instruments in both labour law and social law designated to insure the integration and participation of persons with disabilities in the labour market. The authors discuss the influence and implementation of international legal rules such as European Directives or the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRDP). The paper also describes the actual labour market situation with regard to the employment of disabled persons. Finally, the authors give examples of job placement programs for young academics with disabilities, led by the German National Employment Agency, universities, and student services organisations.
¿Qué es eso del Estado del Bienestar y cómo se mide, histórica y económicamente?
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, de la Villa Gil Luis Enrique
Published: October 2024

El Estado del Bienestar o la Sociedad de Bienestar es un fenómeno histórico que surge y se consolida después de la segunda guerra mundial, cuando concurren dos acontecimientos inéditos en la historia: i) el reconocimiento de los Derechos Humanos a escala universal (Declaración de 1948) y ii) el desarrollo de los programas nacionales de protección social a partir del modelo Beveridge (1941-1944). Actualmente solo pueden considerarse Sociedades del Bienestar aquellas que garantizan los derechos humanos efectivamente y, a la vez, satisfacen sus necesidades elementales de alimentación, vivienda, educación y ocio. El primer requisito no admite grados ni excepciones y sí en cambio el segundo, estableciéndose una jerarquía que, por ejemplo, lleva a España al puesto 16 entre los 28 miembros de la Unión Europea y al puesto 23 entre los 40 países más desarrollados del mundo.
riends or Foes? The Impact of Voluntary Sustainability Standards on Agricultural Exports of Developing Countries
Authors: Dolabella Marcelo , Saeteros Mario
Published: October 2024

Private actors have been actively working on standards that certify products and their production processes to minimize negative externalities. The number of Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) has been increasing over the last few decades, raising interest in understanding their impact on trade flows. Standards governing the production of agricultural commodities are especially crucial for developing countries as these goods often constitute a significant portion of their exports. Using a structural gravity model, we investigate how VSS certification affects exports for developing countries across eight highly traded commodities, and twelve VSS certification schemes from 2013 to 2021. Our analysis highlights how these effects differ for Latin America and the Caribbean compared to the rest of the world. The results indicate a positive and significant effect of VSS certification on exports, with on average a one percent increase in VSS coverage, resulting in a 1.86% increase in export value. We observed positive and significant impacts on bananas, palm oil, tea, and cotton exports. Our findings also suggest that trade gains are larger for lower-income exporters trading with high-income destinations, suggesting an important role of VSS in reducing information asymmetries. Also, we observe that the proliferation of standards might reduce the positive effects associated with VSS adoption for the main agricultural producers.
Zofia Odescalchi – Cyprian Norwid. Dzieje relacji
Authors: Borzęcka-Wojciechewicz Kinga
Published: October 2024

Artykuł przypomina Zofię Odescalchi z domu Branicką i jej znajomości z Cyprianem Norwidem. Ich pierwsze spotkanie nastąpiło najprawdopodobniej w 1845 r. w Rzymie, w czasie zażyłej przyjaźni młodego poety ze szwagrem Księżnej – Zygmuntem Krasińskim. Autorka podkreśla, że znakomicie wykształcona polska arystokratka w swoim salonie w centrum Wiecznego Miasta gromadziła wówczas elity intelektualne dziewiętnastowiecznej Europy, w tym także Polonię. Istotne jest także, że kobieta, która nazywana przez – notabene przez jej przyjaciela – Piusa IX „najpobożniejszą księżniczką rzymską” miała niebagatelny wpływ na ówczesną politykę Watykanu, co wykorzystywała do dbania o sprawę polską na arenie międzynarodowej. Zarówno dla autora Quidama, jak i Zofii Odescalchi konflikt pomiędzy Watykanem i Włochami z 1848 r., związany z rzymską Wiosną Ludów, okazał się czasem czynnego zaangażowania w obronę wartości, którym oboje hołdowali. Bliskie obojgu poglądy religijno-polityczne manifestowały się w rozlicznych, odważnych działaniach Księżnej. To, jak imponowała Norwidowi jeszcze długo po burzliwych latach spędzonych przez niego w Rzymie, wybrzmiewa wyraźnie w jego liście wysłanym jej z Paryża 11 grudnia 1879 r.
List do Michaliny Dziekońskiej z 19 września 1852. Legenda
Authors: Chlebowski Piotr
Published: October 2024

Artykuł rozwija dwutorową analityczną refleksję dotyczącą listu Norwida do M. Dziekońskiej z 19 września 1852 r. Po pierwsze: skupia się na krytycznym rozpoznaniu przez J.W. Gomulickiego we fragmencie tego tekstu wiersza zatytułowanego Legenda lub – przez innych badaczy – przy pomocy inc.: „Oto siedzi na tronie Królowa”. W konsekwencji wysuwane przez edytorów i interpretatorów względem tego fragmentu supozycje: poezja, poemat, prowadzą do nieuzasadnionych następstw tekstologicznych. Chodzi o błędne traktowanie tego fragmentu jako osobnego utworu i włączanie go do korpusu wierszy Norwida. Po drugie: artykuł stara się wskazać, że cały list poety, wbrew separacyjnym edytorskim i badawczym gestom związanym z centralnie usytuowaną w nim ekfrazą, stanowi tekstową całość, podejmującą ważną dla twórcy Promethidiona kwestię sztuki chrześcijańskiej oraz artysty chrześcijańskiego. Z powodzeniem zatem mógłby mieścić się wśród licznych tekstów poety, wykorzystujących poetykę listu, które Z. Przesmycki zaliczył niegdyś do tzw. rozprawek epistolarnych.
Język „późnego Norwida” jako problem badawczy. Uwagi wstępne
Authors: Korpysz Tomasz
Published: October 2024

Artykuł podejmuje kwestię rozumienia idiolektu (języka osobniczego, języka indywidualnego), który wbrew dominującej w literaturze przedmiotu tendencji należy traktować jako całość heterogeniczną i dynamiczną, zmienną w czasie. Badania wybranych zjawisk językowych powinny uwzględniać synchroniczny i diachroniczny aspekt idiolektu: należy albo wyraźnie wyodrębniać i wskazywać okres, z którego pochodzi analizowany materiał, albo też uwzględniać chronologię występowania danego zjawiska w poszczególnych tekstach czy korpusach. W drugiej części artykułu autor odnosi się do problemu chronologicznego zróżnicowania idiolektu Norwida i możliwości jego badania, w tym zwłaszcza do zagadnienia ewentualnej swoistości słownictwa tekstów „późnego Norwida”.
Examination of the Effects of Chemical Treatments on the Mechanical, Chemical, and Physical Characteristics of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Plant Fiber
Authors: Ramakrishnan K. , Karthick L. , Siva K. , Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Shastri Dhiresh S. , Johnson Pradeep
Published: October 2024

Natural fibres in recent years have been found to contribute a great share in making composites. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant fibres which are natural were used in this work and have not yet been tried to make the composites so far and easily available thus making this study very necessary it aims to perform various chemical treatments and to study the physical and chemical properties of them. The methodology adopted was that literature review, problem identification, extraction of fibres, treatment of fibres, chemical and mechanical testing of fibres, results and discussions and conclusion. Fibre chemical composition tests were also done to determine the constituents of the fibres. Two chemical treatment methods (alkalinization and benzoylation) were proposed in this work. Chemical treatments were found to improve surface roughness. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), researchers examined the fibres' structural and morphological alterations and discovered that components like pectin were largely eliminated. The structural properties of fibres were known from X-ray diffractograms, and crystallinity percentages were found for the cellulosic fibres. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy presented the spectra of the fibres which revealed the structure of organic compounds and the presence or the absence of functional groups. It showed the partial removal of hemicellulose and lignin. Axial tensile tests were performed for the fibres to know the maximum tensile force and percentage elongation. Chemical treatments partially removed impurities in the fibres and made morphological changes. The improvements in mean tensile values and percentage elongation were found in 5% alkali-treated and benzoylation-treated fibres, 56% and 63% higher than the untreated fibres respectively.
The influence of 3D printing mode on the chemical composition and structure of 30HGSA steel
Authors: Kabaldin Yury G. , Anosov Maksim S. , Mordovina Yuliya S. , Chernigin Mikhail A.
Published: October 2024

The authors carried out the study of the influence of 3D printing modes on the structure and chemical composition of 30HGSA steel (chromansil) samples produced by the method of additive electric arc surfacing. To study the influence of the electric arc surfacing mode on the chemical composition of the steel under study, an optical emission analysis of the samples was carried out. The influence of the surfacing mode on the resulting structure was assessed over the entire height of the deposited walls at magnifications of ×50, ×100, ×200 and ×500. Optical emission analysis identified a change in the material chemical composition associated with the loss of chemical elements. It was found that the degree of loss of C, Cr and Si increases almost linearly and is directly proportional to the surfacing heat input (Q, J/mm). The exact influence of an increase in the surfacing heat input on the Mn content was not found, but a relationship between the degree of its loss and the voltage (U, V) during surfacing of samples was identified. Microstructural studies of all samples did not reveal a large number of systemically formed structural defects characteristic of cast and welded products (pores, shrinkage cavities, etc.), which confirms the high quality of the metal in goods produced by electric arc surfacing. Analysis of micrographs taken in different areas of the samples allowed determining that the metal microstructure does not undergo significant changes under different surfacing modes; the main tendencies in changes in the structure along the height of the sample are preserved. All samples demonstrated the formation of a highly dispersed structure, regardless of the 3D printing parameters. The most favorable metal structure, suitable for subsequent use in the production of goods using additive manufacturing, was recognized as the structure of the sample deposited using mode No.5 (I=160A, U=24V, Q=921.6J/mm). This mode can be used for further study of the problems of additive electric arc surfacing of 30HGSA steel.
The influence of cutting mode elements on the technological parameters of the process of milling blanks of titanium alloy thin-walled parts
Authors: Unyanin Aleksandr N. , Chudnov Aleksandr V.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of a rational mechanical processing mode remains an urgent task of pre-production engineering. Known recommendations and methods for selecting this mode are focused on the processing of solid blanks and do not take into account the fact that when processing thin-walled blanks, the temperatures in the processing zone and the surface layer of the blank differ. The study is aimed at identifying patterns in changing the parameters of the milling process of thin-walled blanks depending on the mode elements, as well as developing recommendations for selecting this mode. The authors performed numerical simulation of technological parameters of the milling process of solid and thin-walled blanks made of titanium alloy under various modes. The cutting speed, cutting depth and feed per cutter tooth were varied. The cutting force, power and densities of heat sources and the temperature in the surface layer of the blank, in the contact zones of the cutter tooth with the blank and the chips with the front surface of the tooth were calculated. It has been found that when milling thin-walled blanks, the temperature field differs significantly from that formed when processing solid blanks due to low heat removal from the unprocessed surface. Increasing the feed per tooth by 45% leads to an insignificant decrease in temperatures in the cutting zone (by 5...12%). Increasing the cutting speed by 25%, on the contrary, leads to an increase in temperatures by 5...10%. Increasing the cutting depth leads to an increase in the temperature in the chip-tooth contact zone by 1.5times and to an increase in the temperature in the tooth-blank contact zone.
Self-Tuning Control of Linear Systems Followed by Deadzones
Authors: Kazlauskas K. , Pupeikis R.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the present paper is to increase the efficiency of self-tuning generalized minimum variance (GMV) control of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems followed by deadzone nonlinearities. An approach, based on reordering of observations to be processed for the reconstruction of an unknown internal signal that acts between LTI system and a static nonlinear block of the closed-loop Wiener system, has been developed. The results of GMV self-tuning control of the second order LTI system with an ordinary deadzone are given.
Treatment with polyamines alleviates the effects of concomitantly applied aluminum in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) leaves
Authors: Çetinbaş Genç Aslıhan , Bayam Cansu , Vardar Filiz
Published: October 2024

Contamination of agricultural soils with heavy metal is a significant risk for the environment. Many substances are reported to alleviate the toxic effects of heavy metals such as polyamines. The aim of this study is to examine whether the toxic effects of 0.1 mM aluminum, which is previously detected in sunflower leaves, might be alleviated with 0.1 mM putrescine, spermine or spermidine and to compare the effects of putrescine, spermine and spermidine in the ameliorating process. Chlorophyll a, carotenoid and anthocyanin content increased after putrescine, spermine and spermidine treatment under aluminum toxicity. However, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content only increased after spermine treatment. Intense accumulation of reactive oxygen species under aluminum toxicity decreased after putrescine, spermine and spermidine treatment while the spermine showed the maximum decrease. Superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and hydrogen peroxide content increased after putrescine, spermine and spermidine treatment while the spermine showed the maximum increase. Besides, catalase enzyme activity increased only after spermine treatment. Results showed that 0.1 mM putrescine, spermine and spermidine increased the 0.1 mM aluminum toxicity tolerance of sunflower leaves by modulating the reactive oxygen species detoxification metabolism. Spermine was the most effective polyamine in improving the aluminum tolerance.
Ecological aspects of studying the thyroid function of the thyroid gland in women of reproductive age living in a region with iodine deficiency (Akhtynsky district, Republic of Dagestan, Russia)
Authors: Dzhalilova A. N. , Omarova S. M. , Dzhalilova D. N. , Tsarueva T. V. , Abuduev N. K. , Gaziev G. M. , Yusupova M. T. , Saidova P. S. , Magomedova U. A.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To present epidemiological aspects of the study of thyroid function of the thyroid gland.The article presents the results of a clinical and laboratory examination and epidemiological aspects of studying the thyroid function of the thyroid gland in 120 women of reproductive age living in an area with iodine deficiency (Akhtynsky district, Republic of Dagestan – located at an altitude of 1.675 metres above sea level). The women were examined for thyroid diseases and for the presence of intrauterine infections: TORCH toxoplasmosis, ornithosis, rubella, cytomegalo‐ and herpesviruses.All the examined patients had thyroid diseases (the women are registered with an endocrinologist at an Endocrinological Dispensary). All women underwent correction of iodine deficiency in the form of iodine prophylaxis by taking medications containing a daily iodine requirement of up to 250 mcg to normalize thyroid function.Intrauterine infections (IUI) were found in 76 women (69 %. of the patients examined). Intrauterine infections of women registered in the women's clinic of the district hospital were also treated.
Effectiveness of biologically active substances added to sturgeon feeds
Authors: Ponomareva E. N. , Kovaleva A. V. , Grigoriev V. A. , Rabazanov N. I.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the vitamin‐mineral complex E‐selenium and the probiotic preparation Bacell when added to industrial feed on the fish‐breeding‐biological and physiological‐ biochemical parameters of juvenile sterlet‐beluga hybrids when reared in cages.

The duration of the experiment was 45 days. In experimental option 1, the fish were fed with basic compound feed with the addition of E‐selenium (300 μg selenium/kg of feed), in experimental option 2, the fish were fed with basic compound feed with the addition of E‐selenium (300 μg selenium/kg of feed) and the Bacell preparation (0.2 % by weight of dry food). The control variant was fed with basic feed.

The absolute increase in the experimental variants was 13.0–25.0 % higher than in the control. Hematological parameters varied – in some cases with a high degree of significance. In particular, hemoglobin increased by 5.6–13 %, blood serum protein by 0.42–12.6 %, cholesterol by 9.8–16.3 % in the experimental variants and by 70.5 % in the control, due to the presence of a high degree of stress in control fish. At the same time, in fish experiments the effects of stress factors were suppressed by antioxidants. Preventive doses of microelements, vitamins and probiotics reduce and stabilise peroxide processes and contribute to the maintenance of good physiological condition of fish kept in artificial conditions.
Assessment of natural and anthropogenic impacts of the Irganay Hydroelectric Power Station reservoir zone on eco‐ and geosystems using remote sensing data, Dagestan, Russia
Authors: Radzhabova R. T. , Akhmedova L. Sh.
Published: October 2024

Aim. The research and mapping of natural object dynamics using aerial and satellite imagery is one of the long‐established and actively developing fields of remote sensing and geographic research. The current phase is characterised by the wide availability of remote sensing data processing software, which offers almost unlimited possibilities for transforming and integrating datasets from different periods.

Material and Methods. For the effective use of archival maps in studying territorial dynamics, two interconnected factors are critical: the date of the map’s creation and the positional accuracy of the mapped objects. The materials used in this study were TM/Landsat satellite images from the periods 2002–2017 and 2006–2014.

Results. Reservoirs with a surface area of up to 60–70 km² and a volume of up to 250 million m³ increase absolute air humidity by 10–15 %. In areas with a hot climate, the impact of a reservoir on air humidity is even more pronounced.

Conclusions. The anticipated significant changes in the microclimate are expected to affect the structure of agricultural production in the Irganay valley and in the villages of Maidanskoye, Untsukul, and Gimry, particularly through changes in precipitation distribution during the growing season.