bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated assessment of susceptibility to shallow landslides and debris flows in watersheds of the Serra do Mar escarpment, southeastern Brazil.
Authors: Vallejo Katerine , Picanço Jefferson
Published: July 2023

Assessing susceptibility to mass movements such as shallow landslides and debris flows, is crucial due to the potential catastrophic consequences when these events reach populated areas. This research proposes an integrated assessment that utilizes three established methods from the literature to evaluate the susceptibility of mass movements. The study area comprises three watersheds selected to be studied using a Digital Terrain Model (DTM), located in the Serra do Mar region in the municipality of Bertioga, State of São Paulo. By adopting this approach, the research aims to predict and map areas susceptible to these natural phenomena in watersheds with no historical record of such occurrences. To assess shallow landslide susceptibility, the Shallow Landsliding Stability Model (SHALSTAB) was employed, considering three different scenarios. The analysis revealed the significant influence of the hydrological parameter of hydraulic conductivity on the results. Furthermore, a morphometric analysis using the Melton Index and Basin Length parameters was utilized to evaluate the susceptibility to debris flows in the studied watersheds. The susceptibility assessment mapping method proposed by the GIDES Project, CPRM/2018 was employed to generate a susceptibility map displaying both critical and dispersion areas of debris flow.
It is essential to assess shallow landslide and debris flow occurrences in prone locations, such as the municipality of Bertioga, to contribute to the existing knowledge by providing updated susceptibility maps and support disaster prevention and territorial planning. The methodology presented here can support decision-making processes, enhance preparedness and response efforts, and contribute to overall improvements in prevention and mitigation of disasters in the Serra do Mar region.
Effect of modified nanosilica on mechanical properties of EPDM/NBR blend-nanocomposites
Authors: K Senthil Nathan , S Krishnamohan , S Vishvanathperumal
Published: July 2023

The modified nanosilica (mNS), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) nanocomposite was created. The 70/30 EPDM/NBR and 0–10 parts per hundred rubber (phr) of mNS were mixed on a two-roll mill. The impact of mNS on compression set, mole percent uptake (MPU), cure characteristics (scorch and optimal cure time, cure rate index, maximum torque, minimum torque, and torque difference) and mechanical properties (tensile and tear strength, hardness, elongation at break, rebound resilience, and abrasion resistance) of the composites were investigated and discussed. The surface morphology of tensile-fractured EPDM/NBR rubber-mNS was investigated using FESEM. The material's tensile strength, 100% modulus, tear strength, hardness, and abrasion resistance were all improved with an increase in mNS concentration, but rebound resilience and elongation at break were decreased.
Arabic Handwritten Character Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Alsayed Alhag , Li Chunlin , Fat’hAlalim Ahamed , Abdalsalam Mohammed , Obied Zainab
Published: July 2023

The Arabic language is one of the six most important languages in the world. Because more than 420 million people worldwide use the Arabic script, research into the recognition of Arabic handwriting is crucial. The demand for software that can automatically read and interpret Arabic Handwriting has been rapidly expanding in recent years as the use of digital devices has become increasingly widespread. Characters are written by Hands in Arabic are more difficult to decipher than those noted in English or other languages because of the nature of the words used in Arabic. In this study, we designed a new model, Convolutional Neural Network 14 Layers (CNN-14), to recog-nise handwritten Arabic characters. The The model was trained and tested on the Arabic Handwritten Character Dataset (AHCD) and Hijja datasets, The proposed model achieved good results, with an accuracy of 99.36 per cent in AHCD and 94.35 per cent Hijja dataset.
Family Caregiver experience of caring COVID-19 patients admitted in COVID hospital of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Prekshya , Lama Sami , Rai Gayatri , Sapkota Nidesh , Pradhan Nirmala , Thapa Roshni , Uprety Pratik , Basnet Madhur
Published: July 2023

Background: Informal caregivers played a substantial role in caring the COVID-19 patients during hospitalization in Nepal. This study attempted to understand the family caregiver’s experiences while attending their relatives in a COVID-19 Hospital of Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was used to understand the caregiver’s experience of attending and supporting their relatives admitted to the COVID-19 hospital of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences.13 caregivers of COVID-19 positive were purposively selected from January to March 2022. A face-to-face interview was conducted in a caregiver residential facility using the interview schedule developed by the department for the purpose of data collection after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional review committee of B. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (B.P.K.I.H.S). Data were audio recorded and manually analyzed.
Results: 13 caregivers (6 male and 7 female) participated in the study. The result was summarized under the five domains: Challenges encountered Changes in Physical and Mental Health, Changes in roles and responsibilities, Positive experiences, and Things that could make Caregiving tasks easier. The major challenges were a financial burden, communication problems, stigmatized attitude, Insecurity and vulnerability, substandard accommodation facility, and visitor restriction policy. A wide range of negative emotions, as well as unmet physical health needs, was reported. Changes in family and occupational roles as a result of the caregiving process cause additional stress to the caregivers. Despite all, they tried to positively cope and adapt to the difficult situation and acknowledged the effort of health personnel and other significant members of the family. Provision of essential medical and basic services/facilities within the hospital, reconstruction of open accommodation facility, maintaining a proper channel of communication, and visitation allowance were suggested as care facilitators to make caregiving tasks easier.
Conclusions:
This study highlights the role of caregivers is very crucial during the time of health crisis.
High-fidelity simulation in healthcare education: Considerations for design, delivery and debriefing.
Authors: Newton Jon
Published: July 2023

Background:
High-Fidelity Simulation (HFS) is a recognised teaching and learning tool and capable of facilitating skill retention and knowledge retrieval. Attitudes, values and behaviours may also be shaped by HFS, fostering a deeper appreciation of the experiential learning cycle as a lifelong learning strategy. Successfully achieving these outcomes relies on effective design, delivery and debriefing.
Methods:
A 3-step debriefing strategy was devised (Trinity Technique) and pilot-tested over a 17-month period. This incorporated a Hot Debrief, a ‘Question and Answer’ session and finally a Cold Debrief (using a newly fashioned tool called STOCK TAKE). The strategy was introduced into the learning of 208 students attached to paramedic science, physician associate, adult nursing and forensic science programmes. Participant feedback was captured in the form of Microsoft Teams transcribes and handwritten notes. Data was evaluated by faculty personnel to instigate refinements to teaching and learning practices.
Findings:
High levels of student and staff engagement were observed. Valuable insight into learner experience was gained and the novel strategy possessed a unique ability to debrief institutions as well as learners - enabling strategic improvements to future HFS design, delivery and debriefing.
Conclusion:
The Trinity Technique demonstrates promise and was effective when applied to interprofessional HFS.
Biosensing with Oleosin-Stabilized Liquid Crystal Droplets
Authors: Honaker Lawrence W. , Eijffius Axel , Plankensteiner Lorenz , Nikiforidis Constantinos V. , Deshpande Siddharth
Published: July 2023

Liquid crystals (LCs) are rapidly emerging as novel platforms for chemical, physical, and biological sensing. With regards to biosensing, LCs can be used to detect amphiphiles such as lipids, fatty acids, digestive surfactants, and bacterial endotoxins. However, designing LC-based sensors in a manner that preserves their sensitivity and responsiveness to these stimuli, and possibly increasing the biocompatibility, remains challenging. In this work, we investigate the stabilization of LC droplets by oleosins, plant-sourced and highly surface active proteins due to their extended amphipathic helix. We show that purified oleosins, at sub-μM concentrations, readily stabilize nematic LC droplets without switching their alignment, allowing them to detect surfactants at μM concentrations. We give direct evidence of the localization of oleosins at the LC-water interface using fluorescent labelling, and show that the stabilized droplets remain stable over months. Interestingly, chiral LC droplets readily switch in the presence of nanomolar oleosin concentrations, an unexpected behavior that we explain by accounting for the energy barriers required for switching the alignment between the two cases. We thus set forth a two-fold conclusion: oleosin-stablized nematic LC droplets present a biocompatible and sustainable alternative for bioanalyte detection, while chiral LCs can be used as highly sensitive and non-invasive sensors for detecting amphipathic helices in biological systems.
Entwicklung eines innovativen Testsystems für die Detektion, Spezifikation und Depletion von erythrozytären, thrombozytären, granulozytären undtherapeutischen Antikörpern
Authors:   , Ehrend Elisabeth
Published: July 2023

Auf der Oberfläche von Erythrozyten, Thrombozyten und Neutrophilen befinden sich mehrere hundert verschiedene polymorphe, ungekoppelt vererbte Blutgruppenantigene. Dementsprechend birgt jede Bluttransfusion das Risiko einer Immunisierung gegen fremde Blutgruppenmerkmale. Auch während der Schwangerschaft können aufgrund väterlich vererbter Antigene Alloantikörper induziert werden. Deshalb muss das Blut vor jeder Transfusion oder während einer Schwangerschaft auf das Vorhandensein irregulärer erythrozytärer Antikörper untersucht werden. Dabei greifen die aktuellen diagnostischen Verfahren auf primäre, stabilisierte Testerythrozyten von Blutspendern zurück, deren relevante Blutgruppenantigene bekannt sind. Antikörperspezifitäten können anhand von Agglutinationsreaktionen der Testzellen mit dem zu untersuchenden Patientenplasma auf ein oder mehrere Antigene zurückgeführt werden. Ist jedoch ein Antikörper gegen ein häufiges, ein hochfrequentes oder ein nicht-polymorphes, ubiquitäres Antigen gerichtet, kann in Ermangelung Antigen-negativer Testzellen keine adäquate Diagnostik gewährleistet, die Verträglichkeit der Transfusion also nicht definitiv sichergestellt werden. Auch der medizinische Einsatz therapeutischer Antikörper, welche Antigene adressieren, die auch auf Erythrozyten exprimiert werden, führt zunehmend zu Problemen. Tests auf granulozytäre Antikörper sind mangelhaft bezüglich ihrer Robustheit, besitzen eine unzureichende Auflösung und sind zudem meist zeitaufwändig und daher teuer. Antikörper gegen humane Plättchenantigene spielen insbesondere in der Schwangerschaft eine Rolle; sie vermögen bei Neugeborenen thrombozytopenische Blutungen bis hin zu massiven Hirnblutungen zu verursachen, die zu schweren Entwicklungsstörungen führen können. Bisher erfolgt jedoch mangels geeigneter Reagenzien keine standardisierte pränatale Untersuchung auf thrombozytäre Antikörper. In dieser Arbeit wurde ein neuartiges Verfahren für die Identifikation und Differenzierung irregulärer Blutgruppenantikörper etabliert, welches auf gentechnisch hergestellten, xenogenen Testzellen basiert, die einzelne definierte humane Blutgruppenantigene auf ihrer Oberfläche präsentieren. Die nicht humanen Zellen co exprimieren Fluorochrome, anhand derer Antikörper-markierte Testzellen durchflusszytometrisch voneinander unterscheidbar sind. Weiterhin können die generierten Testzellen zur Depletion von Antikörpern aus polyagglutinierenden Plasmen unter Erhalt der anderen Antikörperspezifitäten verwendet werden. Diese Technologie könnte die konventionelle Diagnostik erheblich erleichtern und bietet zudem die Möglichkeit, therapeutische Antikörper (wie z. B. anti-CD38, anti CD47, etc.), die häufig zu Interferenzen mit der Routinediagnostik führen, spezifisch prädiagnostisch aus Patientenproben zu entfernen.
Evaluating The Significance of Uncertainty on Bank Liquidity: A Case Study of Ukrainian Banks in Russian Military Aggression
Authors: Kryklii Olena , Manik Jayasundera Adhiga
Published: July 2023

The article provides an overview of the scientific discussion on the impact of uncertainty on the liquidity of Ukrainian banks in a war. The study's primary purpose is to analyze the existing literature, systematize various approaches and study the impact of uncertainty on the bank's liquidity. This study examines the arguments and counterarguments associated with this issue through a comprehensive review of scientific sources, considering geopolitical risks, economic fluctuations, and regulatory changes. The relevance of solving this scientific problem lies in understanding the problems that Ukrainian banks face when managing liquidity in a war. The study of the topic follows a logical sequence, starting with the systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving the problem. The research methodology includes an empirical analysis using relevant data and statistical methods to analyze the relationship between uncertainty indicators and the bank's liquidity. The object of the study is Ukrainian banks operating in war conditions, as they face unique challenges in connection with the full-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation. The paper presents an empirical analysis that reveals a robust negative relationship between uncertainty indicators and liquidity ratios set by the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU). This conclusion highlights the negative impact of uncertainty on banks' liquidity, as evidenced by the decrease in liquidity below the established NBU standards. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that increased uncertainty negatively affects the liquidity of Ukrainian banks. The results can be helpful to bank authorities, regulators, and policy makers in developing effective liquidity risk management strategies and formulating appropriate policies to mitigate the adverse effects of uncertainty on banks' liquidity. In conclusion, this study contributes to understanding uncertainty's impact on Ukrainian banks’ liquidity under wartime conditions. The empirical analysis provides insight into the challenges faced by banks and offers insights for improving liquidity risk management practices in the banking sector.
Effect of Exchange Rate on Stock Price Movement in Nigeria
Authors: O. Adaramola Anthony , A. Abere Mojisola , Fidelis Ogiamien Omoruyi
Published: July 2023

Theories of exchange rate in developing economies suggest that between exchange rate and stock price movement, a positive relationship exists. In Nigeria, depreciation of local currency to many seems not to have brought about the expected increase in export or output in the industrial sector, let alone the firms’ stock prices. This study was therefore set out to investigate the effect that exchange rate has on stock price movement in Nigeria and the direction of causality between the two. Data on exchange rate, interest rate, inflation rate, gross domestic product and stock market index in Nigeria were used for the analyses. Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) test was used to assess the possibility of existence of a long run association between exchange rate and stock price movement. Results established a long run and significant relationship between exchange rate and stock price movement in Nigeria (F:12.89 >Io & I1Bound, P-value < 0.05 for LEXR, LGDP LINF). However, the negative coefficients of the regressors; especially exchange rate, run contrary to existing theories on the benefits of depreciating exchange rates. This means that Nigeria has not fully reaped the expected benefits from devaluation of her local currency over the years. A unidirectional causality between exchange rate and stock price movement was also discovered. Causation flows from exchange to stock price (P-value < 0.05 for LEXR). This further suggests that most firms in Nigeria lack the absorption capacity to transform the accruing gains of currency depreciation to increased productivity and exports.
The impact of monetary policy tools in achieving monetary stability in Algeria: Approach by the ARDL model
Authors: Bensaad Abderrahmane , Azzazi Samia
Published: July 2023

This study aims to evaluate the performance of monetary policy tools in terms of their impact on macroeconomic indicators to achieve monetary stability in Algeria, by studying their contribution to achieving domestic and external stability. The study found that monetary stability has experienced fluctuations from time to time due to the Algerian economy's connection to external shocks on oil prices. Therefore, the study used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test model to determine the impact of monetary policy tools, namely the money supply, mandatory reserves, discount rate, interest rate, and real GDP on monetary stability in Algeria for the period 1990-2021, through several standard tests that concluded that the model is free from standard problems and valid for estimation. The results of the study indicate the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between monetary policy tools and monetary stability in Algeria, where the growth of the money supply has a positive effect on monetary stability, while the discount rate and real GDP have a negative effect on monetary stability in both the long and short term. In the short term, mandatory reserves have a positive effect on monetary stability, while interest rates have a negative effect on monetary stability.
Accomplishing Sustainable Development Goals in India: A systematic literature review
Authors: Singh SN. , Pandey Abhishek
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to organize the existing empirical research on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in India, to pinpoint the areas of research that have not gotten enough attention, and to create a bridge to close the knowledge gap. Additionally, it considers prospective routes for future study and frameworks for policy. A systematic review of the literature (SLR) was conducted on 100 academic works about the SDGs in India that were released between 1995 and 2022. What is known about academic study in India on SDGs? The center of interest may have created and directed the review. What procedures were used in these research projects? Where was the research carried out? Why should SDG research be considered by academics and professionals? What function do the SDGs serve in terms of policy?
Management of Country’s Social Brand Under Conditions of Uncertainty in the Health Domain
Authors: Letunovska Nataliia , Demchyshak Nazar , Minchenko Mariia , Kriskova Petra , Kashcha Mariia , Volk Anna
Published: July 2023

The coronavirus pandemic confirmed that national systems of medical and social provision for the population of various countries could not quickly adapt and implement effective measures to prevent the negative consequences from achieving a state of resilience. The article empirically substantiates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on national social brand to form effective mechanisms for countering risks in public health and supporting the social brand of the country for its main internal stakeholders in a period of uncertainty. The article is devoted to analyzing the channels through which the COVID-19 pandemic affected various aspects of the national management systems of Austria, Slovenia, France, and Ukraine. The analysis used a combination of correlation analysis, causal modeling, and the construction of cognitive maps to visualize dependencies. It was revealed that the key indicators that verify the mentioned impact are the satisfaction of the needs for medical examination and care, the availability of hospital beds in the medical system, and the general costs of social protection of the population. The indicator of the social attractiveness of the country for its internal stakeholders is the indicator of net migration, and it is empirically determined that this indicator is significantly influenced by the security of the medical system and the efficiency of its functioning, especially during the period of data analysis, taking into account the existence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The dependence between the social and economic well-being of the population and its tendency to critically assess one's health, readiness for disease prevention, and the formation of higher requirements for medical care was revealed. The determined regularities are useful in developing a national strategy for building an effective medical and social security system for the population in conditions of uncertainty, which is a significant component of the overall attractiveness of the country and its brand management.
Unlocking the Potential: The Impact of Innovative Capability on Process, Product, and Market Innovation and Firm Performance
Authors: Akhtar Nadeem
Published: July 2023

This research study aims to investigate the role of innovative capability in relation to process innovation, product innovation, and market innovation and how they lead to firm performance. In the context of Pakistan, this research is vital as it can guide IT companies in understanding how to improve their innovative capability and therefore their performance in terms of process, product, and market innovation. Data was collected from the employees of software houses in Lahore, Pakistan, using convenience sampling. A structured research questionnaire was designed based on the validated scales. There were a total of 54 items to measure the 8 constructs (Market orientation, Entrepreneurial orientation, customer orientation, innovative capability, process innovation, product innovation, market innovation, and firm performance). By understanding the link between innovative capability and firm performance, companies can improve their ability to introduce new products, services, and marketing practices that meet the needs of their customers. All the relationships have been accepted with p-value less than 0.05, meaning that they are statistically significant. The t-value of each relationship indicates that they are all significant as well, with values greater than 2. Additionally, the beta value also indicates that the strength of all the relationships is positive, in other words, all of the predictors (MO, EO, CO, IC) have positive correlations with their respective criterion variables (PI, MI, PrI, FP). Overall, the mediation analysis revealed significant relationships between innovative capability (IC) and the outcome (FP) through the mediating variables of process innovation (PrI), product innovation (PI), and market innovation (MI). The findings of this study can also be used as a tool to help practitioners and researchers in different industries and across different countries understand how they can align their business strategy with innovative capabilities to achieve better results. Finally, the research results can serve as a basis for future research in the field, providing a foundation for the development of new theoretical models and techniques for measuring and enhancing innovative capability. This research on “innovative capability” and its impact on a company’s performance and ability to create new products and enter new markets can have a significant impact on society by helping businesses to be more competitive and efficient, leading to economic growth and potentially creating new jobs. Additionally, advancements in products and processes can also improve the overall quality of life for consumers. These findings are based on the specific sample used in this particular study and more research would be needed with other control and moderating variables in the specific context of Pakistan. Furthermore, the generalizability of these results may be limited, as this study might not have captured the entire population of IT firms operating in Pakistan.
The Role of Parents on Intergenerational Transmission of Cuisine Culture in Türkiye
Authors: UYANIK Beyza , ÖZEL Çağıl Hale
Published: July 2023

Food choices are determined by experience, structural and habitual factors. With regards to social learning, the family plays a crucial role to develop perception of nutrition. This study aims to investigate the role of parents in the formation of children's knowledge on Turkish cuisine culture. For this aim, a research model was created with an ethnographic design and an interpretative model. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect data from nine participants via face-to-face interviews. Parents who have children between the ages of 7-16 were interviewed. As a result of thematic analysis, four themes were determined: socio-cultural structure of the family, traditional consumption habits, learning by doing/experience and social norms. As a result, consumption habits that parents transmit to their children are affected by the transmission they have acquired at a young age, and female figures are dominant in this cultural transmission. This study reveals important findings for the transmission of Turkish cuisine culture to future generations and parents’ role in this process.
Şırnak ta Gastronomi Gelişmişliği: Yerel Halkın Algısı Üzerine Bir Araştırma (Gastronomy Development in Şırnak, Türkiye: A Research on Perception of Local People)
Authors: ERTAŞ Çağdaş , KADIRHAN Gökhan
Published: July 2023

Günümüzde birçok kent, gastronomi alanında var olabilmek için birtakım faaliyetler yürütmektedir. Bu noktada kentteki gastronomi gelişimi önem arz etmektedir. Ancak bir kentin gastronomi gelişmişliğini sadece mevcut potansiyele bakarak değil, bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirmek gerekmektedir. Mevcut literatürün bu kapsamda yetersiz olduğu görülmektedir. Yine mevcut literatür, bir kentin yerel gastronomisini keşfeden turistler üzerine çeşitli çalışmalar göstermektedir. Ancak yerel halk örneğinde sınırlı sayıda araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada gastronomi gelişmişliği, birtakım göstergeler kapsamında, yerel halk örneğinde ve Şırnak’ta incelenmiştir. Böylece literatürdeki eksikliğe dikkat çekerek, yemek kültürü ve gastronomi literatürüne katkı sunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Faktör analizi, Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi, ANOVA ve genel algı indeksi sonucunda, Şırnak’ta gastronomi gelişmişlik düzeyinin oldukça yetersiz olduğu görülmüş, sadece rekabet faktörünün katılımcıların eğitim düzeyine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, araştırma bulguları tartışılmış ve araştırmanın sınırlılıkları da göz önünde bulundurularak gelecekte yapılması muhtemel araştırmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın yemek sosyolojisi bakış açısıyla okunması önerilmektedir.
Otel Çalışanlarının Kariyer Beklentilerine Yönelik Bir İnceleme: Kuşadası Örneği (A Review of the Career Expectations of Hotel Employees: Sample of Kuşadası)
Authors: ESEN Ozan , ATAY Hakan , GÜRDOĞAN Arzu
Published: July 2023

Çalışanların ihtiyaçlarını anlamak, herhangi bir insan kaynakları departmanının temel amacı olarak ifade edilmektedir. Günümüzün hızla değişen koşulları altında çalışanların beklentileri, ekonomik kazanç ile sınırlı değildir. Yetkin çalışanların işletme içerisinde tutulması, bilgi, beceri, yeteneklerinin geliştirilmesi ve terfi imkanları sunulması vb. uygulamalar, insan kaynakları yönetimi sürecinde kariyer kavramının ortaya çıkışına yol açmıştır. Bu kapsamda, emek-yoğun, mevsimsellik, antreli çalışma, yüksek işgören devir hızı özelliklerine sahip otelcilik sektöründe çalışanların kariyer beklentilerine yönelik düşünceleri önem kazanmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, otel çalışanlarının kariyer beklentilerini tespit etmektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, misafirlerle yoğun etkileşim içerisinde olan animasyon, kat hizmetleri, ön büro, yiyecek ve içecek hizmetleri bölümü çalışanları olmak üzere toplam 20 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca bu görüşmelerin ardından, 6 kişiyi içeren bir grupla odak grup görüşmesi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda otel çalışanlarının turizm sektöründe yükselmesinin zor olduğu ve üst pozisyonlarda olmanın ağır sorumluluk getirdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre otel sahiplerine ve yöneticilerine, bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
Burdur İlinin Gastronomi Turizmi Potansiyelinin Swot Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi (Evaluation of the Gastronomic Tourism Potential of Burdur Province By Swot Analysis)
Authors: SORMAZ Ümit , YILMAZ Mustafa , ÖZATA Esat , BÜYÜKYILDIRIM Cemile
Published: July 2023

Bu araştırma; Burdur ilinin gastronomi turizmi açısından sahip olduğu güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ile fırsat ve tehditlerinin turizm sektörü temsilcileri ve turizm akademisyenlerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilmesini kapsamaktadır. Burdur ilinin sahip olduğu özellikler de göz önüne alınarak bölgenin gastronomi turizminin mevcut durumunun SWOT analiz ile ortaya çıkarılması ve ortaya çıkarılan mevcut durumun geliştirilmesi ve iyileştirilmesine yönelik önerilerde bulunulması amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştrma yöntemlerinden görüşme tekniği kullanılan araştırmada; Burdur ilinde faaliyet gösteren turizm işletmeleri temsilcileri ve turizm akademisyenlerinden araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü toplam 24 katılımcı araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılar ile yapılan görüşmelerde Burdur ilinin gastronomi turizmi açısından güçlü ve zayıf yönleri incelendiğinde; “turizm şehri olan Antalya iline yakın olması” en güçlü yönü olarak tespit edilirken, “turizm ile ilgili kurumlar arasında gerek koordinasyon gerekse işbirliği eksikliğinin olması” bölgenin en zayıf yönleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bölgenin gastronomi turizmi açısından sahip olduğu fırsatlar ve tehditler incelendiğinde; “ İle ait coğrafi işaret alabilecek çok sayıda yöresel yemeğin olması” en iyi fırsat olanağı olarak görülürken, “ Burdur ilinin turizm imajının zayıf olması” olması en büyük tehdit unsuru olarak yer almaktadır.
Closing yield gap of maize in Southeast Asia by intercropping systems: A review
Authors: Khongdee Nuttapon , Tongkoom Krittiya , Iamsaard Kesinee , Mawan Nipon , Yimyam Narit , Sanjunthong Wiriya , Khongdee Phitchayapha , Wicharuck Suwimon
Published: July 2023

Maize (Zea may L.) is a cereal crop grown extensively throughout Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, and the Philippines. However, maize yield in this region varies yearly due to several factors such as soil infertility, poor management practices, unpredictable weather conditions, and geography. This review aims (i) to demonstrate constraints and mitigation strategies for closing yield gaps and optimizing land use efficiency through the integration of companion crops into maize cropping, based on existing research in Southeast Asia between 1980 and 2021, and (ii) to discuss the benefits and drawbacks of growing maize alongside with other companion crops in Southeast Asia. Based on existing 50 articles of maize-based intercropping conducted in Southeast Asia founded from Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of science, cassava, legumes, potato, rice, grasses, and perennial crops such as rubber and coconut are the most frequently grown as companion crops in this region. Much emphasis of maize-based intercropping is paid to erosion control. Intercropping maize with other crops can successfully minimize soil erosion, runoff, and maintain the topsoil fertility. Therefore, less fertilizer input is required in intercropping system, which can also have a positive influence on the off-site environment. In addition, we discovered that maize-based intercropping improves the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) (LER > 1) when planting time, crop spacing, and management practices are appropriately implemented. On the other hand, there are just a few studies that indicate the restrictions associated with maize-based intercropping (LER < 1). While it is theoretically beneficial to grow maize alongside with legumes due to biological nitrogen fixation, research undertaken in this region has not confirmed this statement when maize is intercropped with rice bean. Although, maize-based intercropping in Southeast Asia had been more thoroughly investigated in a variety of ways, further research is still needed to determine how maize-based intercropping mitigates the impact of climate change
The morphological and molecular variability of Sporisorium scitamineum isolates from Eswatini
Authors: Nkhabindze Bongani Z. , Earnshaw Diana M. , Ateka Elijah M. , Wanyika Harrison N.
Published: July 2023

Sugarcane smut is a disease of economic importance in the sugarcane industry, occasioning losses of up to 50%. Current management practices have been ineffective in controlling the fungal disease, and hence the understanding of the pathogen and the development of appropriate control measures are required. This study investigates the morphology, virulence and molecular variability of Sporisorium scitamineum isolates from Eswatini to understand its pathogenicity for effective control. Fungal isolates were collected along the Sugarbelt in the Lowveld of Eswatini. The isolates were verified by polymerase chain reaction using the bE4 and bE8 specific primers with amplification of a 459bp fragment. The identity was further verified by DNA sequencing. The teliospores from the isolates were uniform in brown colour, spiny texture and circular shape. The teliospore sizes were significantly (P=0.05) different among the isolates. The isolate from Big-Bend had a mean spore diameter of 5.55µm, while Simunye, Nsoko and Mhlume had average diameters of 4.69µm, 4.98µm and 4.87µm, respectively. The documentation of the developmental stages revealed that the samples were of variable virulence with significantly (P=0.05) different rates of promycelium development. The variable virulence of the isolates was further confirmed by the in-vivo pathogen biomass quantification by RT-qPCR. Genetic distance matrix analysis and cluster analysis showed high homology (99-100%) among the local isolates which indicate that there is a low variability among the strains that are found in the selected sugarcane growing areas of Eswatini
Cover crops and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen in Amazonian soil
Authors: Araújo Érica de Oliveira , Neto Vitório Macieski , Venturim Daniele Jesus , Catânio José Vanor Felini , Freitas Diogo de Souza , Ribeiro Jiovane Anderson da Silva
Published: July 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of dry matter production by cover crops and their effects on the dynamics of organic matter, organic carbon and nitrogen in the soil. This study contributes to minimize the effect of climate change and improve agricultural production systems. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, in the experimental area of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste Campus, in the municipality of Colorado do Oeste, RO, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, arranged in a factorial scheme, with four replications, consisting of six species of cover crops cultivated in pre-season (Crotalária ochroleuca, Crotalária spectabilis, Mucuna pruriens, Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis and Lablab purpureus) and four sampling depths (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm). The production and macronutrient contents in the dry mass of shoots of the different cover crops were evaluated, as well as the dynamics of organic matter, organic carbon and N in the soil at different sampling depths. The species Crotalaria ochroleuca and Crotalaria spectabilis showed great potential for dry matter production, while Lablab purpureus bean stands out in the extraction of nutrients such as P, K and Ca at full flowering. Lablab bean and Jack bean as cover crops were the most efficient strategies to promote the increase in the input of OM, C and N forms in the soil. NH4+-N and NO3--N contents were higher in the surface layers of the soil. Management with cover crops promoted gradual accumulation of SOM, which made it possible to influence the maintenance and increase of C and N concentrations in the soil and contributed to minimizing environmental impacts and increasing the quality and sustainability of soils and agricultural production systems
Intervenção educativa alimentar e nutricional: Percepções de frequentadores de restaurantes populares de Belo Horizonte/MG
Authors: Bento Isabel Cristina , Filgueiras Jullyane Hott , Abreu Mery Natali Silva , Gazzinelli Maria Flávia , Pereira Simone Cardoso Lisboa
Published: July 2023

Objetivou-se identificar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa alimentar e nutricional com o emprego de uma telenovela junto a frequentadores dos restaurantes populares de Belo Horizonte/MG. Trata-se de uma intervenção com 4 oficinas envolvendo 14 frequentadores de dois restaurantes populares de Belo Horizonte/MG. A coleta de dados deu-se por meio de gravação das oficinas. Os diálogos transcritos foram analisados pela técnica da Análise de Conteúdo temático-categorial, proposta por Bardin. Após a transcrição das falas, seguiu-se a leitura individualizada de cada depoimento, em que emergiram as seguintes categorias: 1) Telenovela: cenas, personagens e ambiente; (2) Alimentação Adequada e Saudável: dúvidas e conhecimentos trazidos; (3) Dificuldades, reflexões e intenções de mudanças na alimentação; e (4) Telenovela como estratégia educativa: aprendizado e possibilidades de ampliação. Concluiu-se que a intervenção educativa, mediada pela telenovela, marcou e afetou os participantes pela intensidade das sensações e emoções produzidas. Além disso, auxiliou na compreensão da realidade objetiva, incidiu sobre a dimensão subjetiva e traduziu-se em uma estratégia potente para superar as dificuldades inerentes às práticas educativas tradicionais, superficiais e fragmentadas, ainda presentes na atualidade.
Discrepancy in the Value of Labor and the Implications for Economic Inequality
Authors: Pangestu Indragus , Qodir Zuly , Utama Virdika Rizky
Published: July 2023

Discrepancy in the value of labor is a discrepancy between the price of work expressed in money or wages with the necessities of a decent life. This discrepancy results in an accumulation of income that leads to economic inequality. The aim of the research is to find out the discrepancy in the value of labor experienced by workers and its impact on economic inequality. This research was conducted in Yogyakarta considering that this city has the highest level of economic inequality and is one of the regions with the lowest minimum wage in Indonesia. This research method is descriptive qualitative by looking at the difference in value between decent living needs and district/city minimum wages in Yogyakarta Province. The data includes district/city minimum wages, the cost of living necessities, and main employment status. The results of this study show that there is a discrepancy in the value of labor in Yogyakarta in 2022 and 2023. This discrepancy can be seen through the difference between the necessities of life and the minimum wage of IDR 858,281- IDR 1,801,059. In addition, the discrepancy in the value of labor encourages economic inequality as a result of the accumulation of income received by owners of capital and the exploitation of labor experienced by workers.
Rail Crisis on the Russian Railways during the First World War and Efforts to Overcome It
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Bogomazov N. I.
Published: July 2023

The article examines the shortage of rails, fittings, and switches on the Russian railways during the First World War. With the beginning of the war, the necessity to repair and restore railways within the theater of operations became apparent, which required a large amount of railway track material. In 1914, these needs could still be met by the allocation of new orders to Russian factories, as well as at the expense of existing stocks. Nonetheless, at the beginning of 1915, it became obvious that the wartime needs significantly exceeded the capabilities of Russian enterprises. In the summer of 1915, the government placed a large order for track materials abroad, which was fully executed. Even though the Field Headquarters demanded that more rails should be ordered abroad, the government refused to place a new order abroad due to the need to buy foreign currency at unfavorable exchange rate, hoping that Russian enterprises could cover all the needs. But these plans failed, and since the summer of 1915 the lack of track materials had become one of the main problems of the Russian railways. The Ministry of Transportation was forced to take emergency measures to give the front the required number of rails, fittings, and switches. Firstly, the rear roads were asked to dismantle some of the secondary and inactive lines, then — to remove rails from fences, hitching posts and guard rails from the bridges. However, these measures, while worsening the general condition of the Russian railways, did not give the desired effect.
Searches of Former Members of the Romanov Imperial House in Crimea in April 1917
Authors: Karushkina N. V.
Published: July 2023

By the end of March 1917, 20 out of 65 members of the Romanov Imperial House gathered on the estates Ai-Todor, Diul’ber, and Chair near Yalta in the Crimea. There were among them: a widow of Alexander III Maria Fedorovna; sisters of Nicholas II Xenia and Olga; Grand Dukes Nicholas Nikolaevich, Alexander Mikhailovich, Peter Nikolaevich. On April 26, 1917, representatives of the Sevastopol Soviet, with the support of the forces of the Black Sea Fleet, conducted massive searches in the places of residence of the relatives of the former tsar in order to identify a possible counter-revolutionary conspiracy. On the basis of the published sources, as well as previously unused materials from the Russian State Archive of the Navy, including inspection protocols, the article reconstructs the circumstances of this only search of the Romanovs in the Crimea. The names of the main participants in the events are restored, the key role of Lieutenant Colonel A. I. Verkhovsky is described, who at that time was a deputy chairman of the Sevastopol Soviet. A. I. Verkhovsky has been underestimated until now as a participant in the revolutionary events in Russia between the February and October revolutions. At the end of August 1917, he became the last Minister of War of the Russian Empire in the rank of Major General. The search in estates on the southern coast ended with the Sevastopol City Council taking charge of the protection of the “Crimean group of the Romanovs”. Afterwards, despite the fact that the Red Terror did not bypass the Crimean peninsula, Sevastopol sailors and representatives of local Councils helped save the lives of the relatives of the former tsar who ended up in the Crimea. All of them emigrated in 1919.
About the Difference of Opinion of the Soviet Citizens in Connection with the Drafting of the Soviet Union’s Third Constitution
Authors: Strekalov I. N.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the thoughts of the Soviet citizens about the structure of the state and society in the 1960s–1970s. This subject of research is considered in connection with the constitutional reform, e. g., the process of creating the third Constitution of the USSR, officially held in 1962–1977. The research revises the established approach in the historiography usually adopted by modern researchers of the late Soviet era, according to which, the Soviet society was homogeneous in its moods and views or shared some clear doctrinal, theoretical concepts. This article examines a number of sources: citizens’ letters to the Constitutional Commission considered by employees of the apparatus of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR; some certificates, reports, reviews of citizens’ letters sent to the Central Committee of the CPSU containing information on proposals to the draft of the Constitution. It argues that there were different opinions among the Soviet citizens: on the basis of the analysis of letters in connection with the draft of the Constitution of the USSR, the paper highlights different attitudes towards the authorities, not only purely critical or, on the contrary, trusting. The society was comprised of both those who spoke out “for” or “against” the ruling regime, and — no less — of those who, to a certain degree, supported the authorities in their transformations or were critical of them, but who cannot be attributed to the “Soviet” or “anti-Soviet” camp of society with an absolute certainty.
The Indirect Land Use Impacts of U.S. Biofuel Policies: The Importance of Acreage, Yield, and Bilateral Trade Responses
Authors: Keeney Roman , Hertel Thomas
Published: July 2023

Recent work has highlighted agricultural land conversion as a significant debit in the greenhouse gas accounting of ethanol as an alternative fuel. This work has at the same time sparked considerable debate on the role of crop yield growth as a means of avoiding rapid land conversion. We examine the agricultural land use impacts of mandate driven ethanol demand increases in the United States in a formal economic equilibrium framework which allows us to examine the importance of yield price relationships. We find that the standard assumption of trend yield growth is likely restrictive for analysis of equilibrium response to significant demand increases for fuel feedstocks. Furthermore, we identify both the acreage response and bilateral trade specification of a multi-country model as important sources of variability (in terms of parametric uncertainty) in predicting global land use change from the biofuels boom.
Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies on Livestock Sectors
Authors: Golub Alla , Henderson Benjamin , Hertel Thomas , Rose Steven , Avetisyan Misak , Sohngen Brent
Published: July 2023

In this paper we have investigated effects of GHG mitigation policies on livestock sectors. We used a global computable general equilibrium GTAP-AEZ-GHG model with explicit unique regional land types, land uses and related GHG emissions. The model is then augmented with cost and GHG response information from partial equilibrium approaches to abatement of land-based greenhouse gas emissions. With this framework we analyze changes in regional livestock output, sector competitiveness and regional food consumption under different climate change mitigation policy regimes. Scenarios we have considered differ by participation/exclusion of agricultural sectors and non-Annex I countries, as well as policy instruments. The imposition of carbon tax in agriculture has adverse affects on food consumption, especially in developing countries. The reductions in food consumption are smaller if the agricultural producer subsidy is introduced to compensate for carbon tax the producers pay. The global forest carbon sequestration subsidy effectively controls emission leakage when carbon tax is imposed only in Annex I regions. The sequestration subsidy bids land away from agriculture in non-Annex 1 regions and prevents expansion of agricultural sectors. Though the sequestration subsidy allows reduction of GHG emissions, if implemented, the policy may adversely affect food security and agricultural development in developing countries.