bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the influence of dual-winding optimization design on the torque and suspension performance of bearingless motor
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , He Kun
Published: April 2023

The bearingless motor with dual-winding embedded in the stator can not only produce electromagnetic torque and can also produce suspension force to support the rotor suspension, and the design of the dual-winding will directly affect the torque and suspension performance of the motor. It is a complex problem of multi-objective optimization, multi-performance coupling, and multi-parameter collaborative optimization, which is great significance to improve the comprehensive performance of the motor. Firstly, in order to solve the problem of slot space ratio and turns design of dual-winding under the restriction of stator slot space and thermal loading, the calculation formulas of the electromagnetic torque and the suspension force are derived. The influence of dual-winding design on electromagnetic loading, thermal loading, torque and suspension performance are analyzed. The linear variation of electromagnetic torque with the slot space ratio of torque winding is obtained, and the influence of the dual-winding magnetic motive force on suspension force is clarified. Secondly, in order to obtain the dual-winding design scheme with the optimal torque and suspension performance, the performance parameters of the motor are calculated by finite element method and the influence of the slot space ratios of the torque winding on the torque and suspension performance is analyzed. Based on the coupling analysis of the electromagnetic torque and the suspension force in the case of different thermal loading distributions of dual-winding, the dual-winding optimal design of the bearingless motors is given. Finally, the suspension force of a prototype is tested by experiment.
A condition evaluation ensemble for power metering HPLC units within complex data scenarios
Authors: Jiyang Liu , Chenhao Sun , Zhuoran Xu , Yanzheng Liu , Zhengjie Sun , Shiqin Wang
Published: April 2023

The High-Speed Power Line Carrier Communication (HPLC) enables the connections among power metering devices in integrated energy systems, and thus their satisfying operations are indispensable for system reliabilities. In order to more precisely diagnose their conditions especially in real complex data scenes, a multi-model evaluation ensemble is proposed in this paper. Firstly, typical IoT application contexts of customer-side metering equipment are analyzed, thus the corresponding main impact factors along with their performance evaluation indices can be probed. Next, to handle the multi-source, heterogeneous, high-dimensional datasets during applications, the Kernel Independent Component Analysis (KICA) is established to diminish data dimensionalities, thus the individual weights of each index can be rated. On the other hand, the Component Importance Measure (CIM) model is built to differentiate the impact degree of each indicator on the overall IoT connection performance, where the influence of dissimilar index on the entire performance, rather than the proportion or frequency, will be directly assessed to determine their impact weights. Ergo, a comprehensive diagnosis can be achieved via these two-fold total weights accordingly. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method can be verified by an empirical case study, which is conducive to further improving the accuracy and rationality of HPLC condition evaluations.
DinSAR coseismic deformation measurements of the Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake (Chile)
Authors: Calvet Agustín , Balbarani Sebastián , Gende Mauricio
Published: April 2023

The beginning of radars goes back to the 1930s where its main boost was related to the second world war. Nowadays, the techniques associated with radars are focused around a vast variety of civil, geodetic, and military applications. The development of the synthetic aperture principle, in the 1950s and 1960s, gave birth to a lot of new applications, and together with the technological progress of the last decades, the technique of interferometry with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data became one of the most powerful ones for sensing remotely, with high quality and a vast spatial coverage. We used Sentinel-1 data and the differential interferometry SAR (DinSAR) technique to map and measure the surface deformation related to the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake (Chile). We also validated the results, by analysing the temporal variation of coordinates acquired from global navigation satellite system observations and projecting them in the geometry of the SAR system. Using this application we prove the DinSAR technique to be useful and powerful for the observation and analysis of surface deformation caused by the release of stress during the Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake. It proved to be an efficient tool to detect and map the surface deformation with high spatial resolution in an approximate area of 20,000 km2.
Hegel and Nietzsche on Self-Judgment, Self-Mastery, and the Right to One’s Life
Authors: Yigit Emir
Published: April 2023

Nietzsche’s views regarding suicide are usually interpreted as a response to Christian, Kantian, and Schopenhauerian ethics. Here, they are defended on the basis of his notion of life as an aesthetic phenomenon in order to provide extramoral responses to such challenges as the following: a) whether the self can deliver the right kind of judgment regarding her life, b) how suicide can be considered an empowerment of the will, and c) whether suicide can be considered an exercise of freedom by the subject who thereby cancels the very grounds and means for will and action. Reconstructed as a response to Hegel’s argument against suicide on the grounds that one is not the master of oneself and that one therefore lacks the proper means to judge one’s life, Nietzsche’s position provides the epistemic footing to ground an alternate notion of self-mastery as well as the necessary insight regarding one’s life. It is shown that this reading of Nietzsche’s argument is in alignment with his non-dualism and expressivist views regarding agency. Finally, a response is formulated to the socially-grounded arguments prohibiting suicide on the basis of this reading of Nietzsche’s position.
A brief review of the application of microextraction by packed sorbent for antibiotics analysis from biological, food, and environmental samples
Authors: Granados-Guzmán Graciela , Díaz-Hernández Mónica , Alvarez-Román Rocío , Cavazos-Rocha Norma , Portillo-Castillo Omar J.
Published: April 2023

Currently, sample preparation is the most laborious part of the analytical process, requiring the most time and being susceptible to the most errors. In this context, numerous investigations have focused on the miniaturization of these techniques to reduce work time, costs, and errors. In this regard, microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) is a simple, fast, and robust sample preparation technique suitable for easy automation in several analytical systems and is applied to a wide variety of samples. Antibiotics are among the most commonly used drugs; however, their extensive and inappropriate use has garnered significant attention in the environment, human health, and food safety. This brief review is intended to provide an overview of recently reported antibiotic extraction methods based on MEPS, with a special interest in those applied to the analysis of biological, environmental, and food samples. In addition, the sample pretreatment step before extraction by the MEPS device was highlighted, as was the description of the sample-related steps within the MEPS procedure, such as extraction, washing, and elution.
Kinetics of simultaneous degradation of brilliant green and methyl orange using biosynthesized high functional Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Ali Faisal , Safdar Anosha , Younas Umer , Sillanpaa Mika , Pervaiz Muhammad , Nazir Arif , Naeem Muhammad , Iqbal Munawar , Al-Kahtani Abdullah A. , Tighezza Ammar Mohamed
Published: April 2023

Nanoparticles synthesised using natural resources is a cost-effective and ecofriendly technique with a number of advantages. In current work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized using the extract of Fragaria ananassa seeds. The extract was used as a source of phytochemicals that can act as reducing and stabilizing agents. The characteristics of AgNPs were determined by UV/Visible, FTIR, SEM, XRD and Dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. The appearance of the distinctive absorption peak in UV-visible spectra at 430 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs. The involvement of different bioactive functional groups with AgNPs was authenticated by FTIR studies. Particle size and morphology was confirmed by DLS, SEM and XRD analysis. The catalytic potential of AgNPs for the removal of poisonous organic dyes, brilliant green (BG) and methyl orange (MO) was also tested. Effect of different parameters including the catalyst concentration, dyes concentration and presence of different salts on the degradation of dyes was investigated. Nano-size and well-distributed nature of AgNPs, BG and MO dyes were degraded rapidly individually as well as simultaneously. The degradation process obeyed pseudo first order kinetics. Authors concluded that AgNPs synthesized using environment friendly and cost-effective method, can be used as a new tool to combat pollution caused by carcinogenic organic dyes.
Next-Generation Vaccines against COVID-19 Variants: Beyond the Spike Protein
Authors: Bonam Srinivasa Reddy , Hu Haitao
Published: April 2023

Vaccines are among the most effective medical countermeasures against infectious diseases. The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spurred scientific strategies to fight against the disease. Since 2020, in response to the pandemic, many vaccines based on different platforms have been under development, among which mRNA, adenoviral vectors, and subunit vaccines have been clinically approved for use in humans. These first-generation COVID-19 vaccines largely target the viral spike (S) protein and are aimed at eliciting potent neutralizing antibodies. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly the highly transmissible Omicron strains, S-based vaccine strategies have faced a continuing challenge of strong immune escape by variants. The coronavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein is a viral protein that induces strong T-cell immunity and is more conserved than S protein across different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Inclusion of N protein in the development of COVID-19 vaccines has been reported. Here, we briefly review and discuss COVID-19, current S-protein-based vaccine strategies, the immunobiology of N protein in SARS-CoV-2 host immunity, and next-generation vaccine strategies involving N protein to combat current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
THERMAL AGING EFFECT ON THE PHYSIO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TEXTILES USED FOR THE REINFORCEMENT OF CONVEYOR BELTS
Authors: LEMMI TSEGAYE SH. , BARBURSKI MARCIN
Published: April 2023

The use of textiles produced from high tenacity(HT) polyester yarns as a reinforcement material in the mechanical rubber goods industries, mainly in the conveyor belt, is extensively increasing due to their high tensile strength, flexibility, thermal stability, modulus of elasticity, and light weightiness. To achieve the desired property of a conveyor belt, the reinforcement components undergo various processing stages; among those stages vulcanizing the reinforcement materials under high temperatures is the crucial process that determines the physical and mechanical properties of the conveyor belt. The main aim of this work was to analyze the effect of vulcanization parameters on the physio-mechanical properties of high tenacity polyester yarns and fabrics that are utilized to reinforce a conveyor belt. An extensive experimental study was conducted on a pre-activated HT polyester yarn of different linear densities and woven fabrics produced for the purpose of conveyor belt reinforcement by subjecting the yarns and fabrics to various aging temperatures for a certain period of aging time. Following the experiments, a comprehensive study and analysis were conducted on the tensile property of the yarns and fabrics. The finding revealed that thermal aging has an immense impact on determining the tensile strength and elongation of the yarn and woven fabric, which also has a direct influence on the properties of the conveyor belt. The analysis of experimental test results of polyester yarns and woven fabrics revealed that vulcanizing textile-reinforced conveyor belt at high temperatures (220 °C) could deteriorate the tensile strength and increase the elongation at break of the yarn, fabric, or belt.
INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL AND PERFORMANCE PROPERTIES OF HEMP-CONTAINING KNITTED FABRICS WITH DIFFERENT COMPOSITIONS
Authors: SEN KORHAN , KAYA AYSEGUL , KANIK GOKSU
Published: April 2023

The growing relevance of sustainable materials has increased the importance of hemp-containing products obtained from natural fibers. When the raw materials used in the garment industry are examined, it is observed that the market share of hemp-containing fibers is low in percentage. Researching the production techniques and methods of fabrics to be obtained from hemp fiber and adapting them to the use of clothing will contribute significantly to the development of the hemp product range. It is aimed that these fabrics to be developed will pass tests in accordance with end-consumer standards. In this study, structural and performance properties of hemp fiber were examined and alternatives were produced instead of conventional methods for a sustainable world. In line with the sustainability strategy, there are advantages of hemp fibers in terms of water consumption, environmental impact compared to cotton fiber. Within the scope, studies were carried out to develop single jersey knitted fabrics by hemp- containing at different compositions such as 70 % cotton/ 30 %hemp, 80 % cotton/ 20 %hemp and 90 % cotton/ 10 %hemp, %100 cotton fabric having the similar structural properties was taken as a control sample. As a result, prototype tests were performed considering the structural and performance properties of the developed fabrics.
Clostridium perfringens virulence factors are nonredundant activators of the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Mathur Anukriti , Kay Callum , Xue Yansong , Pandey Abhimanu , Lee Jiwon , Jing Weidong , Enosi Tuipulotu Daniel , Lo Pilato Jordan , Feng Shouya , Ngo Chinh , Zhao Anyang , Shen Cheng , Rug Melanie , Miosge Lisa A , Atmosukarto Ines I , Price Jason D , Ali Sidra A , Gardiner Elizabeth E , Robertson Avril AB , Awad Milena M , Lyras Dena , Kaakoush Nadeem O , Man Si Ming
Published: April 2023

Inflammasome signaling is a central pillar of innate immunity triggering inflammation and cell death in response to microbes and danger signals. Here, we show that two virulence factors from the human bacterial pathogen Clostridium perfringens are nonredundant activators of the NLRP3 inflammasome in mice and humans. C. perfringens lecithinase (also known as phospolipase C) and C. perfringens perfringolysin O induce distinct mechanisms of activation. Lecithinase enters LAMP1+ vesicular structures and induces lysosomal membrane destabilization. Furthermore, lecithinase induces the release of the inflammasome‐dependent cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18, and the induction of cell death independently of the pore‐forming proteins gasdermin D, MLKL and the cell death effector protein ninjurin‐1 or NINJ1. We also show that lecithinase triggers inflammation via the NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo and that pharmacological blockade of NLRP3 using MCC950 partially prevents lecithinase‐induced lethality. Together, these findings reveal that lecithinase activates an alternative pathway to induce inflammation during C. perfringens infection and that this mode of action can be similarly exploited for sensing by a single inflammasome.
Two cases of cardiomyopathy associated with phaeochromocytoma successfully managed with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO)
Authors: Fennell David , Miller Clare , Ludgate Stephen , Conneely John , O’Brien Serena , Conrick-Martin Ian , Hastings Jennifer , McQuaid Siobhán E
Published: April 2023

Phaeochromocytoma, a rare neuroendocrine tumour of chromaffin cell origin, is characterised by catecholamine excess. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic disease to life-threatening multiorgan dysfunction. Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy is a dreaded complication with high lethality. While there is lack of evidence-based guidelines for use of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) in the management of this condition, limited to case reports and small case series, V-A ECMO has been reported as ‘bridge to recovery’ therapy, providing circulatory support in the initial period of stabilisation prior to surgery. We report on two patients presenting with catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy and circulatory collapse who were successfully treated with V-A ECMO for 5 and 6 days, respectively, providing initial haemodynamic support. After stabilisation and introduction of alpha-blockade, both cases had favourable outcomes, with successful laparoscopic adrenalectomies on days 62 and 83 of admission, respectively. Our case reports provide further support for the use of V-A ECMO in the treatment of such gravely ill patients.

Learning points

Phaeochromocytoma should be considered in the diagnosis of patients presenting with acute cardiomyopathy.

Management of catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy is complex and requires multidisciplinary specialist input.

Pre-operative management of phaeochromocytoma involves alpha-blockade; however, haemodynamic instability in the setting of cardiogenic shock can preclude alpha-blockade use.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a life-saving intervention which may be considered in cases of acute catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy and cardiogenic shock in order to provide the required haemodynamic support in the initial phase of treatment, enabling the administration of traditional pharmacological agents, including alpha-blockade.
Reversibility in male idiopathic osteoporosis possible
Authors: Jamall Ijaz S , Ullery Michael C , Rocchietti March Massimiliano , Pignatti Elisa , Rochira Vincenzo , Brücher Björn L D M
Published: April 2023

A 44-year-old athletic man presented in 2009 with severe low back pain. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry revealed severe osteoporosis; serum testosterone was 189 ng/dL while serum estradiol (E2) measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was 8 pg/mL. DNA was extracted and sequenced from a blood sample from the patient since his maternal first cousin also had low bone mass and both patients were screened for aromatase dysfunction by PCR analysis for the CYP19A1 gene, which encodes aromatase. No known pathologic mutations were observed in the coding exons, but novel single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected both in the proband and in his cousin. Treatment with topical testosterone started in August 2010. Over the next 8 years, testosterone dosage was varied and switched from topical gel to injections and maintained on depo-injections of testosterone at about 60 mg once per week. Re-examination in March 2012 included a brain MRI to exclude pituitary lesions; hyperparathyroidism was ruled out (normal serum parathyroid hormone, calcium, and calcium to phosphorous ratio) and celiac disease was excluded (negative transglutaminase antibodies). Follow-up in October 2018 showed improved bone mineral density of the lumbar spine by 29% and of the left femoral hip by 15% compared to baseline measurements. This reveals the importance of measuring serum E2 for making the correct diagnosis, as well as for monitoring a therapeutic effect. Herein, we propose treatment of male osteoporosis where serum E2 levels are below about 20 pg/mL with testosterone to reverse osteoporosis.

Learning points

Estrogen deficiency in the diagnosis of male idiopathic osteoporosis.

Importance of serum estradiol in male osteoporosis.

Role of polymorphisms in aromatase gene on bone health.

Reversal of osteoporosis.

Tailored testosterone treatment for bone health.
RISING STARS: Sex differences in toxicant-associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Wahlang Banrida
Published: April 2023

Based on biological sex, the consequential health outcomes from exposures to environmental chemicals or toxicants can differ in disease pathophysiology, progression, and severity. Due to basal differences in cellular and molecular processes resulting from sexual dimorphism of organs including the liver and additional factors influencing ‘gene–environment’ interactions, males and females can exhibit different responses to toxicant exposures. Associations between environmental/occupational chemical exposures and fatty liver disease (FLD) have been well-acknowledged in human epidemiologic studies and their causal relationships demonstrated in experimental models. However, studies related to sex differences in liver toxicology are still limited to draw any inferences on sex-dependent chemical toxicity. The purpose of this review is to highlight the present state of knowledge on the existence of sex differences in toxicant-associated FLD (TAFLD), discuss potential underlying mechanisms driving these differences, implications of said differences on disease susceptibility, and emerging concepts. Chemicals of interest include various categories of pollutants that have been investigated in TAFLD, namely persistent organic pollutants, volatile organic compounds, and metals. Insight into research areas requiring further development is also discussed, with the objective of narrowing the knowledge gap on sex differences in environmental liver diseases. Major conclusions from this review exercise are that biological sex influences TAFLD risks, in part due to (i) toxicant disruption of growth hormone and estrogen receptor signaling, (ii) basal sex differences in energy mobilization and storage, and (iii) differences in chemical metabolism and subsequent body burden. Finally, further sex-dependent toxicological assessments are warranted for the development of sex-specific intervention strategies.
ESPIRITUALIDADES E INCIDENCIA SOCIAL: REFLEXIONES, HERIDAS, CLAMORES Y PRÁCTICAS CREATIVAS
Authors: Leme Garcez María Cecilia
Published: April 2023

Este volumen de la revista Siwô’, n.° 16.1, 2023, presenta aportes que se generan a partir de una reflexión-evaluación crítica acerca de 4 proyectos de extensión e investigación de la Escuela Ecuménica de Ciencias de la Religión (EECR), de la Universidad Nacional. Tales acciones pueden entenderse como prácticas creativas que se nutren de una escucha atenta de los sectores y poblaciones más vulnerabilizados de la sociedad costarricense, y que expresan el deseo de “contribuir a la dignificación del ser humano y la naturaleza, a la equidad de género, a la promoción de relaciones de paz, solidaridad y justicia fundamentadas en la dimensión espiritual del ser humano, a la promoción de la vida”.1 Con esto, este volumen evidencia la pertinencia de la acción sustantiva que viene realizando esta unidad académica.
ISIDRO LABRADOR: PATRIMONIO RELIGIOSO CULTURAL COSTARRICENSE
Authors: Bonilla Soto Luis Carlos
Published: April 2023

Este estudio identifica el patrimonio cultural tangible que ha generado la devoción a San Isidro Labrador en Costa Rica. Para ello, se analizan las edificaciones con declaratoria de patrimonio arquitectónico cultural del Estado, bajo el patrocinio de este santo, y se revisan las esculturas de San Isidro existentes en 75 lugares de culto católico, seleccionados a partir de 3 criterios: 1. iglesias católicas dispuestas bajo el título de San Isidro; 2. iglesias católicas situadas en pueblos en los que se realizan desfiles en honor al santo labrador, en el mes de mayo; 3. iglesias católicas con declaratoria de patrimonio cultural, según la Ley 7555 de la República de Costa Rica.
La integración de la investigación y la extensión universitaria: la enseñanza de la sociología urbana y el aprendizaje basado en retos
Authors: Tinoco Marco Antonio
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this article is to present the results of challenge-based learning. These reflections are made within the framework of the urban sociology course taught at the National Autonomous University of Honduras. Urban sociology requires an educational praxis as a subject where the student is linked to the reality of cities. Challenge-based learning proposes as a methodology that the student immerses himself in the research process, but at the same time promotes the student to propose collaboratively the search for solutions to problems that affect communities. Therefore, it becomes a teaching methodology that integrates training, research and university extension. In such a way that the student is the subject and center of the educational action.
Los cierres de escuelas públicas y la determinación social de la salud en Puerto Rico
Authors: Garriga Vidal Lydimar
Published: April 2023

Este artículo pretende establecer algunas relaciones entre los cierres de escuelas públicas y la determinación social de la salud. Con un abordaje multidisciplinario se comienza con una revisión de literatura sobre algunos efectos de cierres masivos ocurridos en los Estados Unidos. Utilizando esa información, se procede a indagar el caso de Puerto Rico, desde las miradas de la epidemiología crítica y la economía política de la salud. Dentro de la determinación de cierres se establece el rol de los procesos coloniales y las reformas capitalistas neoliberales que sufre el país caribeño. Puerto Rico conforma la tasa más alta de cierres de escuelas en los estados y territorios de los Estados Unidos (44% de las escuelas fueron cerradas en una década).
Política educativa en Colombia y autonomía en la práctica docente
Authors: Medina Cobo Orlando
Published: April 2023

En este escrito se analiza la política educativa en Colombia, específicamente los referentes curriculares de calidad, las pruebas estandarizadas nacionales y su influencia en la práctica del docente de la educación básica y media. Para este propósito se realiza una revisión de los documentos que tienen incidencia en la dinámica institucional y en la práctica pedagógica, analizando las características, la finalidad, los aportes y las limitaciones en el ejercicio de la docencia. Esta revisión y análisis evidencia el condicionamiento y direccionamiento progresivo de la práctica del docente con referentes curriculares universales surgidos a partir de la Ley General de Educación de 1994, así como con la implementación progresiva en varios niveles educativos de las pruebas estandarizadas nacionales.
Imaginarios estatales en las reformas para la educación superior mexicana
Authors: González Rodríguez Guillermo Isaac
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo se establece desde una perspectiva cualitativa, con un enfoque descriptivo secuencial con el fin de analizar el imaginario estatal de mejora fomentado por las reformas educativas en México. Derivado de las reformas para la educación superior en las últimas tres décadas, se percibe una disociación entre el imaginario social de universidad, el imaginario estatal de cambio institucional y la adecuación de políticas públicas. Se infiere que los imaginarios se crean como una esencia de la modernización educativa y generan distintas posturas para los procesos político-institucionales en el transitar de los programas y posturas ideológicas. Con ello, los imaginarios estatales crean una diversificación institucional mediante la relación entre el estilo de pensamiento político, con el contexto educativo universitario.
Activity and Recovery Among Youth With Concussion: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Chauhan Rochelle , Cheng Anika , Tsow Rebecca , Sakakibara Brodie M. , Babul Shelina , Schmidt Julia
Published: April 2023

CONTEXT

Concussions in youth are highly prevalent. Previously, rest was prescribed to prevent adverse outcomes; however, early return to activity is emerging to improve the recovery trajectory.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the effectiveness of early return to physical and social activity interventions on recovery outcomes in youth with concussion.

DATA SOURCES

A systematic review was conducted up to October 2022.

STUDY SELECTION

We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs that reported effects of activity-based interventions on symptoms, quality-of-life (QoL), and return to preinjury activity levels in children and youth after a concussion.

DATA EXTRACTION

Three authors independently extracted data on publication year and country, study setting and design, sample size, participant demographics, intervention, outcome(s), and author conclusion. Meta-analysis was conducted on appropriate RCTs.

RESULTS

Twenty-four studies were included in the final review, of which 10 were RCTs. There was a significant effect of activity interventions on symptom reporting (standardized mean difference, 0.39 [95% confidence interval, 0.15 to 0.63]; I2, 0%; P = .002). There was not a significant effect of activity-based interventions on QoL (mean difference, −0.91 [95% confidence interval, −7.76 to 5.94]; I2, 0%; P = .79). No meta-analysis was performed on return to preinjury activity levels because of insufficient number of RCTs conducted.

LIMITATIONS

One outcome was excluded from the meta-analysis. Interventions emphasizing social activity were lacking.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings indicate that activity-based interventions may significantly improve concussion symptoms. There is insufficient data to understand the effect of activity-based intervention on QoL and return to preinjury activity levels.
Protecting Children and Adolescents From Tobacco and Nicotine
Authors: Jenssen Brian P. , Walley Susan C. , Boykan Rachel , Little Caldwell Alice , Camenga Deepa ,   SECTION ON NICOTINE AND TOBACCO PREVENTION AND TREATMENT, Walley Susan C. , Boykan Rachel , Groner Judith A. , Jenssen Brian P. , Marbin Jyothi N. , Mih Bryan , Little Caldwell Alice , Rabinow Lily , Blake Gregory H. , Smith Karen S. , Baumberger James D. ,   COMMITTEE ON SUBSTANCE USE AND PREVENTION, Gonzalez Lucien , Agarwal Rita , Camenga Deepa R. , Quigley Joanna , Zoucha Kenneth , Walker-Harding Leslie , Kurien Christine , Ba’Gah Rebecca , Jarrett Renee
Published: April 2023

Significant strides have been made in reducing rates of cigarette smoking among adolescents in the United States. However, rates of e-cigarette and similar device use among youth are high, and rates of other tobacco product use, such as cigars and hookahs, have not declined. In addition, almost 40% of children 3 to 11 years of age are regularly exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke, and rates of secondhand exposure to e-cigarette aerosol have increased over the last decade. Pediatricians are uniquely positioned to help children, adolescents, and their families live tobacco-free lives. Actions by pediatricians can help reduce children’s risk of developing tobacco and nicotine use disorder and reduce children’s tobacco smoke and/or aerosol exposure.
Gut Microbiota and Atrial Fibrillation: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms and Therapies
Authors: Al-Kaisey Ahmed M , Figgett William , Hawson Joshua , Mackay Fabienne , Joseph Stephen A , Kalman Jonathan M
Published: April 2023

Over the past decade there has been an interest in understanding the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of AF. A number of studies have linked the gut microbiota to the occurrence of traditional AF risk factors such as hypertension and obesity. However, it remains unclear whether gut dysbiosis has a direct effect on arrhythmogenesis in AF. This article describes the current understanding of the effect of gut dysbiosis and associated metabolites on AF. In addition, current therapeutic strategies and future directions are discussed.
Geoecological Analysis of Threats of Using Phosphogypsum in Construction of Roads
Authors: Krainiuk Olena V. , Buts Yuriy V. , Ponomarenko Roman V. , Asotskyi Vitalii V. , Barbashyn Vitaly V. , Kalynovskyi Andrii Y.
Published: April 2023

The problem of recycling and storage of phosphogypsum is relevant for many coun- tries of the world, as it is associated with environmental problems such as pollution of water bodies, soil and atmosphere. This study analyzes the possibility of using phosphogypsum for the construction of roads. The objective was a geoecological analysis of the danger of phos-phogypsum stockpiles and a study of the possibility of using phosphogypsum in road construction to solve the problem of its accumulation in the environment. The chemical composition of phosphogypsum samples of the Sumyhimprom and Rivneazot companies was studied using the method of X-ray diffractometry. The content of heavy metals (HM) was analyzed using atomic absorption spectros-copy. An extremely high level of chromium was determined, accounting for more than 20-33 Maximum Concentration Values (MCV). The content of cuprum in the phosphogypsum samples of Rivneazot was 2 MCVs. The contents of other heavy metals did not exceed the MCVs, the synergistic effect should be taken into account. Migration of heavy metals is one of the main problems associated with phosphogypsum stockpiles. The increased acidity of phosphogypsum promotes the formation of soluble HM compounds. Depending on the solubility of toxicants, they accumulate in the ecosystem or migrate, dissolve, and enter plants. The traditional methods of storing phosphogypsum, both from an environmental and economic points of view, are less acceptable than the methods of its recycling and reuse in various sectors of the national economy. The paper theoretically substantiates that the reuse of accumulated phosphogypsum and the implementation of new technological solutions in road construction would reduce the level of technogenic loading that phos- phogypsum imposes on the environment. Based on the analysis of the content of heavy metals and the development of concentration logarithmic diagrams, mobile forms of metals were studied and the harmful effect of metals leaching from phosphogypsum was considered. We determined the positions of toxic substances in the engineering road construction – environment. We recommended dividing hydroxides and hydroxocomplexes of heavy and toxic metals into three groups according to their solubility, having the ability to migrate in acidic, neutral and alkaline environments, respectively. Strict regulations are needed to protect soil cover in areas with acidic soils. We grouped soils on which it is not recommended to use engineered road structures with phosphohypsum due to increased migration of HMs into the ecosystem: sandy; soils rich in humus components, acidic soils (sod-podzolic) or in case of existing proba- bility of an increase in soil acidity (unorganized ingress of industrial waste, acid rain, etc.); acidic soils salinized with chlorides; soils containing ammonia; soils containing sulfates.
Телеграм як середовище просування російських дезінформаційних наративів: канали, методи, фрейми
Authors: Butyrina Mariya , Тemchenko Lilia
Published: April 2023

У дослідженні проблематизовано окупацію Телеграм-простору Росією з метою системного деструктивного впливу на українське суспільство, що інтерпретовано нами як складник гібридної війни. З’ясовано роль інституту воєнкорів (Телеграм-канал «СлежуЗа») у системі російської пропаганди, які формують альтернативний дискурс для російської аудиторії, нечутливої до офіційної пропаганди. Схарактеризовано мережеві принципи організації роботи та подання інформації в тематичних Телеграм-каналах. Доведено, що поширенню пропагандистських наративів та створенню кумулятивного ефекту сприяють механізми самореференції та інореференції, а також загальна інтердискурсивність повідомлень. Розглянуто хвилеподібний характер дезінформаційних вкидів у інфопростір залежно від коливань загальної інформаційної політики. Розкрито комунікаційно-технологічну специфіку Телеграм-середовища в аспекті пропагандистського впливу. Звернено увагу на поєднання традиційних засобів радянської пропаганди (візуальні коди, риторичні фігури, стилістичні прийоми, порівняння, цитування) та новітніх маніпулятивних технологій, що забезпечують діахронію дискурсивного впливу. Ідентифіковано ключові пропагандистські фрейми: «світ охоплений русофобією», «усі українці — укронацисти», «історія потребує ревізіоністського погляду», «США спонсорує народні “хвилювання” та кольорові революції”», які утворюють альтернативну картину світу та забезпечують функціонування контрфактуальної спільноти підписників каналу. Продемонстровано, що визначена нами мова війни межує з жорстким рівнем hate speech. Вказано на мовні формули, що використовують воєнкори, для розгортання таких фреймів: тенденційне ототожнення, ксенетноніми, квазіантропоніми, апологізація війни тощо. Зазначено, що лінійна спрямованість пропагандистського впливу на таких каналах забезпечена відсутністю механізмів зворотного зв’язку.
Depopulation or population decline? Demographic nightmares and imaginaries
Authors: Gietel-Basten Stuart
Published: April 2023

Scientists are well aware of the major social, economic and cultural challenges brought about by population decline. However, we can often underestimate the more extreme interpretations of both the causes and the consequences of population decline in the popular discourse. In this commentary, I explore some of these toxic narratives, and speculate about how they may be linked to what appears to be a prevailing populist/ethno-nationalist view of population grounded in political tropes, rather than in scientific reality. Using Armitage’s (2021) concept of “demographic imaginaries”, I argue that much of this public discourse serves several vital purposes: to try to simplify a complex issue; to try to “unify”; to try to blame and scapegoat; and, ultimately, to try to negate the obligation to make tough, complex political and policy decisions. I also argue that scientists working in the field of population decline need to be more aware of these tropes, and should make more active efforts to ground the discourse of population decline in science and reality. I conclude that a bottom-up approach to responding to population decline may be the most fruitful avenue for progress in the future.
Educação a Distância na Rede Federal e sua implementação no Instituto Federal Goiano
Authors: Rodrigues Cruz Joseany , Lima Daniela da Costa Britto Pereira
Published: April 2023

No processo de implantação da Educação a Distância (EaD) no Instituto Federal Goiano (IF Goiano), algumas iniciativas têm se mostrado relevantes, por exemplo, a adesão a determinadas políticas de governo, tais como à Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) e à Rede e-Tec Brasil, e à implementação de 20% da carga horária dos cursos presenciais técnicos integrados ao Ensino Médio e Superior na modalidade a distância. Essas ações configuram-se como estratégias não apenas para garantir o êxito dos alunos, mas também como meio para coibir a evasão. Para compreender as iniciativas do IF Goiano, o artigo traça um breve histórico da EaD no país e das políticas públicas para a modalidade destinadas à Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica. Para o processo investigativo, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental que privilegiou as legislações em vigor ou já revogadas e outros documentos, além de autores de referência. Nesse processo foram constatados muitos avanços, mas também alguns problemas na implantação da EaD no IF Goiano, sobretudo em decorrência da maneira como as políticas são definidas pelo governo, o que tem levado a instituição a focar em ações próprias.
Li-Fi technology based long range free-space communication data transmit system evaluation
Authors: Faruq Omar , Shahriar Rahman Kazi Rubaiyat , Jahan Nusrat , Rokoni Sakib , Rabeya Mosa
Published: April 2023

The most flexible and reliable technological system is Wi-Fi, which is made possible by a wireless connection that transmits data using radio frequencies. Wi-Fi networks, however, encounter numerous issues related to power supply, availability, efficiency, and security as a result of the various access points. While relational waves describe the medical device, Wi-Fi radios produce radio waves that are very dangerous for patients. This document offers line-of-sight communication between the transmitter and receiver using LED technology. Li-Fi technology is a method that transmits audio data using LED light, which is faster and more efficient than Wi-Fi. Since it is practically ubiquitous, light can be used for communication as well. A cutting-edge technology called optical communication includes a subset called light fidelity. By sending out visible light, the Li-Fi device enables wireless intranet communication. This paper is an in-depth study and analysis of Light Fidelity (Li-Fi), a novel technology that transmits data at high speeds over a wide spectrum by using light as a medium of transmission. The research fields that are pertinent to Li-Fi networks are thoroughly analyzed and categorized in this paper: high speed data transmission, receiving, sharing, broadcasting through light in free space optical communication system by Li-Fi technology. In this paper, we followed some methods and developed a unique method to develop this study: VLC, OOK, a Lambertian discharge mechanism, LOS, NLOS, or a CMOS optical receiver. The proposed model tested transmits and receives audio, video, and other data, which is very high-rated and near the 2 GB/s range.
Az akut mieloid leukémia kezelésének új lehetőségei: út a személyre szabott terápiás stratégiák felé
Authors: Szakács Zsolt , Alizadeh Hussain
Published: April 2023

Az akut mieloid leukémia (AML) kezelésének arany standardja évtizedek óta az intenzív kemoterápia, azonban az erre nem alkalmas vagy refrakter betegeknél jelenleg nincs más kuratív lehetőség. Az utóbbi évek gyógyszerfejlesztése a jó és a rosszabb általános állapotú eseteknél is kibővítette a terápiás armamentáriumot, új terápiás lehetőségeket és kihívásokat is teremtve. Az új szerek közé tartozik például a venetoclax, az IDH1/2 gátló ivosidenib és enasidenib, a gemtuzumab ozogamicin, a liposzómális daunorubicin/citarabin (CPX-351) és az orálisan adható azacitidin. A venetoclax, mint BCL2-inhibitor, hipometiláló ágenssel együtt adva jelentősen javítja az idősebb, rosszabb általános állapotú AML-es esetek életminőségét, életkilátásait. Jelenleg is számos korai fázisú tanulmány vizsgálja a régebbi és újabb szerekkel kombinált venetoclax hatásait. Más mechanizmusokon alapuló, újabb gyógyszeres és nem gyógyszeres terápiás modalitások (pl. BiTE és CAR-T sejtek) is fejlesztés alatt állnak, a jelenleg futó klinikai vizsgálatok célja a hatékony szerek és szerkombinációk azonosítása. Az új terápiás modalitások használata mellett a betegek klinikai vizsgálatokba történő beválogatása javasolt, mivel az ezekből származó eredmények, tapasztalatok szolgáltathatnak tudományos bizonyítékot a jövő arany standard kezelésének megtalálásában.
Listeriosis myeloma multiplexben
Authors: Sánta Hermina , Müller Zsófia , Dömötör Mária , Berzy Klára , Sashalmi Soma , Gulyás Ádám , Bátai Árpád
Published: April 2023

A listeriosis fakultatívan intracelluláris, Gram-pozitív baktérium által okozott, fekoorálisan, fertőzött élelmiszerrel terjedő fertőzés, mely elsősorban immunszupprimált betegeknél, időseknél és várandósoknál okoz súlyos betegséget.

Egy myeloma multiplex miatt második vonalban bortezomib, lenalidomide és dexamethason kezelésben részesült betegünk esete kapcsán hívnánk fel a figyelmet erre a ritka, megfelelő diagnosztika és terápia nélkül jelentős halálozással járó kórképre.

Betegünk otthonában tévedésből két héten át napi 20 mg dexamethasont szedett. Kórházi felvételekor pár napja spontán szűnő hasmenésre panaszkodott. Észlelésünk második napján betegünk aluszékonnyá vált, fejfájást jelzett, lázassá vált. Tenyésztésekre történő mintavételt követően empirikusan, ismert penicillinallergia miatt, meropenemterápia indult. Hemokultúrából Listeria monocytogenes tenyészett ki. A 14 napig alkalmazott antibiotikus terápia hatására betegünk állapota fokozatosan javult, majd emittálhatóvá vált. Szövődményt nem észleltünk.
CAR-T-sejtes kezelések a hematológiai betegségekben
Authors: Gergely Lajos
Published: April 2023

A CAR-T-kezelések az utóbbi tíz évben berobbantak a malignus hematológiai betegek kezelésébe. Eddig nem kezelhető betegek ismét esélyt kapnak a túlélésre és akár gyógyulásra is. Jelenleg klinikai alkalmazásban a 2. generációs autológ CAR-T-kezelések vannak. A tisagenlecleucel első klinikai alkalmazása 2012-ben történt, azóta robbanásszerűen megnőtt az elérhető szerek palettája. Ma már a tisa-cel, liso-cel, axi-cel, KTE-X19, cilta-cel, ide-cel alkalmazható különböző betegségekben, mint az acut limfoblasztos leukémia, diffúz nagy B-sejtes limfóma, myeloma multiplex, köpenysejtes limfóma, follikuláris limfóma, krónikus limfocitás leukémia. Az összefoglalóban a szerző ismerteti a CAR-T-sejtes kezelés alapjait, és röviden bemutatja az egyes kezelések klinikai alkalmazhatóságát megalapozó vizsgálatokat.
Különösen agresszív klinikai viselkedésű B-sejtes lymphoma sikeres kezelése
Authors: Szakál Péter , Barborják Zorka , Vizéli Kinga , Varga Eszter , Hanna Eid , Simon Zsófia , Csomor Judit , Timár Botond , Dombi J. Péter
Published: April 2023

A high-grade, grade 3b follicularis lymphoma kezelése diffúz nagy B-sejtes lymphomához hasonló terápiás megközelítést igényel. Közleményünk egy fiatal, transzformált follicularis lymphomában szenvedő nőbeteg sikeres kezelését mutatja be. A kezdeti kemoterápiás kezelést követően a betegség primer refrakternek bizonyult, mely miatt intenzív mentőkezelést alkalmaztunk, majd a teljes remissziót követően a beteg sikeres autológ haemopoeticus őssejt-transzplantáción esett át.
Single-to-combined effects of gelatin and aloe vera incorporated with Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion on shelf-life quality of button mushroom
Authors: Moosavi-Nasab Marzieh , Behroozi Bahram , Hashemi Gahruie Hadi , Tavakoli Samad
Published: April 2023

Button mushrooms are considered one of the most sensitive agricultural products due to the mechanical damages that can significantly decrease their quality and color. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of aloe vera and gelatin edible coatings containing Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion on the shelf life, enzymatic browning, physicochemical, microbiological, textural, and sensorial properties of a button mushroom. Seven samples, including the control (C) and those coated with 1% gelatin (G1), 3% gelatin (G3), 1% aloe vera (A1), 3% aloe vera (A3), 1% gelatin + 2% aloe vera (G1A2), and 2% gelatin + 1% aloe vera (G2A1), were produced. Parameters such as weight loss, pH, firmness, color, microbiological, and sensory attributes were analyzed to evaluate these features. Our results showed that aloe vera and edible gelatin coatings are capable of efficiently maintaining the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of button mushrooms. The lower microbial counts, including mesophilic bacteria, yeasts, and molds in treated samples during storage, could be due to the coating containing Shirazi thyme essential oil nanoemulsion. Regarding the efficient role of aloe vera coating (3%) in preventing the growth of microorganisms and maintaining the sensory properties of samples, this treatment could be a promising technique for the preservation of button mushrooms and other vegetables and fruits.