bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thromboembolic Risk and Testosterone Replacement Therapy: Debunking Myths and Clarifying Evidence with Recent Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Borges Julian
Published: October 2024

Objective: To critically evaluate the relationship between testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and thromboembolic events, addressing the concerns raised by older studies while focusing on recent robust evidence. This review analyzes the methodological limitations of earlier studies and presents new evidence that refutes these claims.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, analyzing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. Both earlier studies that suggested increased risk and newer studies that refute these claims were included.
Findings: Recent meta-analyses demonstrate that TRT does not significantly increase the risk of thromboembolic events. The relative risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was not statistically significant (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.89–1.31). The inconsistencies in previous studies are addressed, considering patient-specific risk factors, follow-up periods, and methodological quality.
Conclusion: TRT is safe when prescribed correctly and monitored closely. Earlier concerns about increased thromboembolic risk are largely unsupported by modern evidence.
CONTABILIDADE DE CUSTOS: UM ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO EM PERIÓDICOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Cavalcante Junior Florisvaldo Cunha , Granja Andre Lima , De Sousa Wellington Dantas , Bernardes Juliana Reis
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo se propôs a investigar com que frequência o tema Contabilidade de Custos tem sido publicado nos 10 principais periódicos brasileiros. Através de um estudo bibliométrico de caráter descritivo, foram selecionadas as 10 (dez) principais revistas científicas brasileiras na área de Contabilidade segundo a classificação conceitual da (CAPES) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. A bibliometria é um tipo de pesquisa geralmente utilizada para se fazer um levantamento da quantidade e qualidade de artigos sobre um tema que é considerado relevante para uma determinada área. Partindo desse insight, os procedimentos utilizados na pesquisa permitiram evidenciar uma representatividade da temática Contabilidade de Custos de 10,73% frente ao total de artigos. Dentre os resultados da pesquisa, os achados mostram que 80% dos artigos publicados são estudos de caso e a área de Gestão Estratégica de Custos abrange um percentual de 40,91% dos totais de artigos. Os resultados relacionados denotam oportunidades para futuras pesquisas acerca do tema Contabilidade de Custos, como o aumento no número de revistas pesquisadas, a abrangência do período estudado e as pesquisas bibliométricas em Congressos nacionais de Ciências Contábeis.
A JURISDIÇÃO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE RONALD DWORKIN
Authors: Arakaki Fernanda Franklin Seixas , Mendes Andréia Almeida , Cavet Caroline Amadori , Corrêa Camila Braga , E Silva Antunes Rosana Maria de Moraes
Published: October 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a jurisdição sob a perspectiva de Ronald Dworkin (2001; 2007; 2010) que se baseou principalmente nas falhas sob a ótica positivista. Nesse sentido, tratar-se-á o presente trabalho das críticas propostas por Dworkin, no diálogo feito entre esse e Hart (1986), principalmente no que toca às concepções do modelo teórico criado por Dworkin que buscou dar uma resposta adequada a interpretação judicial, principalmente sobre os casos difíceis, partindo da ideia de integridade do direito. Para tanto, será feita uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico com revisão integrativa de literatura a qual se pautará fundamentalmente nas relações entre legalidade e moralidade e a sua implicação na interpretação do direito e da existência, ou não, da discricionariedade judicial.
Hospitalização por Casos de Dengue em Joinville/SC: Uma Análise dos dados do SINAN de 2014-2022
Authors: Maresana Ruan Feliphe , Eugênia Dias de Jesus Eduarda , Henrique Lopes da Silva Gabriel , Yuri Lira Jovino Thallyson , Jorge Cortes Morales Pedro
Published: October 2024

O estudo teve o objetivo de analisar as associações entre as características individuais e hospitalização em casos de dengue no município de Joinville/SC no período de 2014 a 2022, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Trata-se de um estudo transversal e ecológico. Os dados para a pesquisa foram retirados do site do TABNET/DATASUS. Dentro do sistema do SINAN, foi selecionada a opção “Dengue de 2014 em diante”. As variáveis extraídas para esse trabalho foram: sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade, evolução (cura ou óbito), sorotipo (DENV-1 DENV-2) e hospitalização. Por fim, os anos selecionados foram de 2014 a 2022. Para esse estudo foi obtido um total de 46.589 sujeitos que apresentaram Dengue. Os dados foram tabulados no Microsoft Excel 2016, e analisados no Software BioEstat 5.0. Para a relevância dos dados, foi considerado um  α<0,05. Não houve diferença estatistica entre o sexo masculino e feminino no número de internações por dengue (p=0,66). Da mesma forma para a idade e com o número de hospitalizações dengue 1 e 2 (p=0,43 e p=99). A escolaridade e o número de óbitos apresentaram significancia. Os dados apontam que quanto menor grau de formação, maior a probabilidade do indivíduo ser hospitalizado (p<0,0001); e pacientes que foram hospitalizados demonstram uma predisposição maior ao óbito (p<0,0001). Embora não tenham sido observados diferenças significativas entre sexo, idade e sorotipo em relação à hospitalização por dengue, a escolaridade apresenta uma associação significativa, e pacientes hospitalizados têm uma predisposição significativamente maior ao óbito.
A Risk Model Developed based on Homologous Recombination Deficiency Genes for Evaluating the Drug Sensitivity and Prognostic Prediction of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hong Lingling , Li Jiashun , Shao Weiwei
Published: October 2024

Aim:

This study was designed to construct a risk model based on homologous
recombination deficiency (HRD) to evaluate the prognosis and drug sensitivity for patients
with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Background:

LUAD is a subtype of lung cancer with unfavorable overall survival (OS)
and prognosis. HRD has been widely studied in various tumors, but its role in LUAD
has not been fully understood.

Objective:

We aimed to construct an HRD-related risk model for predicting the prognosis
and drug sensitivity of patients with LUAD.

Methods:

Gene expression data of the LUAD samples were collected from the Cancer
Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We extracted
HRD genes from previous literature and performed univariate COX analysis to select
those closely associated with LUAD prognosis. ConsensusClusterPlus was employed to
stratify the samples in the TCGA-LUAD cohort into different subtypes. A RiskScore
model was established applying random forest method. Furthermore, immunotherapy response
and drug sensitivity were predicted using Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion
(TIDE) software and pRRophytic R package, respectively. Finally, the clinical features
between High- and Low- RiskScore groups were compared.

Results:

A total of 16 HRD genes relevant to LUAD prognosis were selected and used
to classify 3 LUAD clusters (C1, C2, and C3). Specifically, C1, with a lower TIDE
score displayed higher immune infiltration and immunotherapy benefit and the optimal
OS, while C2 was closely correlated with tumor-relevant pathways and had the worst
OS. Finally, 4 HRD genes (RAD51AP1, BRCA1, H2AFX, and FANCL) were determined
to develop a RiskScore signature. It was found that a higher RiskScore was related
to more advanced stages, worse OS, and tumor development pathways. Additionally,
the High-RiskScore group with a higher TIDE score was sensitive to 44 traditional chemotherapy
drugs. A nomogram combined with RiskScore exhibited an accurate survival
prediction ability.

Conclusion:

The HRD-based RiskScore played a crucial role in LUAD development,
showing a strong potential to serve as a prognostic indicator for LUAD. Our findings
contributed to the diagnosis of LUAD and its treatment.
The Effects of Bioactive Compounds on PTSD Treatment
Authors: Strilbytska Olha , Koliada Oleksandr , Lushchak Volodymyr , Lushchak Oleh
Published: October 2024

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disease that arises in individuals
who have experienced a traumatic event such as combat exposure, childhood physical abuse, sexual
violence, physical assault, an accident, etc. Being difficult to diagnose and treat, PTSD is actively
studied in areas of medicine, psychiatry, biochemistry, and rehabilitation. PTSD is characterized by
significant comorbidity and is accompanied by depression and anxiety. Current treatment strategies
for PTSD symptoms include psychotherapy and medications. Naturally derived compounds can offer
therapeutic benefits for mood disorders without unpleasant side effects. Bioactive compounds found
in food exhibit beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities.
Here, we describe the promising therapeutic benefits of a number of bioactive substances that
have been evaluated in a variety of animal models and human experimental studies. Anxiolytic, antidepressant,
and antidementia activities of bioactive compounds emphasize their potential for treating
PTSD comorbidities. Hypothetical mechanisms of actions are also discussed, providing insights into
their potential for human mental health.
Sensitive Electrochemical Sensing Properties for Cyanide Detection Using Polyaniline/Cu-Vanadate Nanobelt-modified Electrode
Authors: Zhang Yong , Cong Qianmin , Feng Chenxu , Cai Zhengyu , Pei Lizhai
Published: October 2024

Background:

Cyanide is a toxic anion and may be discarded into the water environment,
which is a serious threat to human beings and the environment. Hence, it is essential to explore a
facile, sensitive method for cyanide detection. Polyaniline/Cu vanadate nanobelts serve as electrode
materials for sensitive cyanide determination.

Methods:

Polyaniline/Cu vanadate nanobelts were obtained by a simple route using polyaniline, Cu
vanadate nanobelts. The polyaniline/Cu vanadate nanobelts were measured via electron microscopy,
diffraction, infrared spectrum, and electrochemical methods.

Results:

Amorphous polyaniline nanoparticles with a particle size of about 100 nm were attached
firmly to the surface of Cu vanadate nanobelts. Electrochemical sensing properties for cyanide detection
were analyzed using a cyclic voltammetry technique using the nanobelts-modified electrode.
The cyclic voltammograms (CV) peaks centered at +0.64 V and +0.54 V were observed using the
polyaniline/Cu vanadate nanobelts in 0.1 M KCl solution with 2 mM cyanide. The proposed composite
nanobelt-modified electrode possessed the detection range and detection limit of 0.001-2 mM
and 0.22 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:

Polyaniline greatly enhances the electro-catalytic performance of the Cu vanadate
nanobelt-modified electrode for cyanide detection.
Ion Exchange Chromatography: A Versatile Technique for Comprehensive Characterization of Therapeutic Proteins and Peptides
Authors: Kuril Akhilesh Kumar , Elumalai Selvaraja , Subbappa Praveen Kumar
Published: October 2024

Ion Exchange Chromatography (IEX) is an efficient and widely employed technique for
the comprehensive characterization of therapeutic proteins and peptides. IEX separates biomolecules
based on differences in their surface charge arising from amino acid composition and Post-
Translational Modifications (PTMs). As a non-denaturing method, IEX is particularly valuable for
resolving and quantifying charge variants like deamidation, oxidation, glycosylation, and terminal
truncations in monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and other biotherapeutics. The review
provides insights into the principles, advantages, applications, recent advances, and limitations
of using IEX (cation and anion exchange modes) for detailed analysis of proteins and peptides.
Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Ulcer Healing in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Mice
Authors: Feng Wenpo , Feng Chenxi , Wang Binbin , Lv Mengqi , LI Xicong , Jing Aihua , Qiu Yuanhao , Gao Huashan , Liang Gaofeng
Published: October 2024

Background:

With the passage of time, the incidence rate of diabetes continues to rise. As a
common and serious complication of diabetes, the economic burden of diabetes ulcers is also increasing.
However, there is currently no unified clinical treatment strategy for its repair and research, and the treatment
effect is not satisfactory. Exosomes derived from MSCs play a crucial role in improving diseases.

Methods:

This study used the explant culture method to isolate human umbilical cord mesenchymal
stem cells (hucMSCs) from Wharton’s jelly, which were identified by flow cytometry and differentiation
potential and evaluated tumorigenic potential. The supernatant of P3-P5 cell culture medium
was collected and high-concentration human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes
(hucMSCs-Exos) were isolated through ultracentrifugation. Qualitatively identified were finished by
transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanosight tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blot
(WB). CCK-8 assay and cell scratch experiment were used to evaluate the effects of hucMSCs-Exos
on proliferation and migration ability of cells; chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane experiment
(CAM) was used to evaluate the angiogenic effect of hucMSCs-Exos. In order to study the effect of
hucMSCs-Exos on diabetes wound healing, the diabetes mouse model was constructed by a high-fat
feeding and a low-dose STZ injection. Fasting blood glucose and blood lipids were measured and
oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted; HucMSCs-Exos were subcutaneously injected
into the T2DM wound model mice which were established by a high-fat diet and by a low-dose
streptozotocin (STZ), and the wound healing was evaluations.

Results:

Cells were isolated by explant culture method, and flow cytometry analyses showed that
these isolated cells were positive for cells markers CD29, CD90, and CD105, while negative for
CD34 and CD45; moreover, these cells could be induced to osteoblasts, adipocytes, and islet-like
cells. The tumorigenic experiments showed that these cells have no tumorigenicity. HucMSCs-Exos,
separated by ultracentrifugation, displayed spherical or ellipsoidal vesicles with a diameter of around
120nm, positive for CD9, CD63, and CD81. And they could promote cell proliferation and migration,
as well as promote vascular growth (p < 0.01). In vivo experiments showed that hucMSCs-Exos
had a promoting effect on wound repair in diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) mice (p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

This study provides a new scheme for the treatment of T2DM ulcer.
Should Routine Diagnostics Implement Gut Microbiota Analysis?
Authors: Scarlata Giuseppe Guido Maria , Abenavoli Ludovico
Published: October 2024

The gut microbiota plays a key role in human health. Dominated by the phyla
Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, its composition is highly individualized and influenced by
diet, age, genetics, and the environment. The gut-liver axis highlights the bidirectional relationship
between the gut and the liver, impacting metabolic homeostasis and immune regulation.
Gut dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microflora, contributes to liver diseases by
disrupting gut barrier function and bile acid metabolism, leading to inflammation and fibrogenesis.
Advancements in omics approaches, such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics,
metaproteomics, and metabolomics, have enhanced our understanding of the gut microbiota.
These approaches offer insights into microbial composition and function, although they
vary in cost, efficiency, and complexity. Metagenomics is widely used for its cost-effectiveness
and rapid turnaround time despite limitations in taxonomic resolution, while metatranscriptomics,
metaproteomics, and metabolomics offer functional and metabolic insights
but require sophisticated techniques and expertise. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio
is a potential biomarker of gut dysbiosis linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and liver
diseases. However, its diagnostic reliability is debated due to variations in individual factors
and a lack of data on its associations with several diseases. Future research should focus on
integrating multi-omics approaches so as to provide a holistic view of the gut microbiota
and its role in health and disease, aiming for applications in precision medicine. While
promising, the F/B ratio should be used cautiously alongside other diagnostic measures. In
addition, renewed efforts are needed to develop cost-effective and rapid analysis methods
for clinical use.
Obesity and COVID-19 Severity: Dissecting the Combined Relationship, Mechanisms, Diagnostic Obstacles, Management Approaches, and Treatment Plans
Authors: Kumari Risha , Negi Poonam , Agarwal Shweta
Published: October 2024

Background:

This review delves into the intricate relationship between obesity and
COVID-19 severity, uncovering mechanistic insights such as immunological dysregulation, inflammation,
and metabolic complexities. It addresses challenges in diagnosis and treatment, advocating
for tailored approaches. Emphasis is placed on proper management and customized dietary interventions
to mitigate severity.

Methodology:

Scientific data related to obesity and COVID-19 was obtained from data bases like
PubMed, Scopus, google, and google scholar. The search words employed for the data search were
“Mechanisms linking obesity and COVID-19”, “Inflammatory milieu,” “Immune dysregulation”,
“Impact of obesity on COVID-19 Severity”, and “Dual relationship between obesity and COVID-
19”. Only relevant data related to the intricate relationship between obesity and COVID-19 severity
and its management was included.

Results:

This paper explores the multifaceted mechanisms linking obesity to increased COVID-19
severity, including immunological dysregulation, inflammatory responses, and metabolic comorbidities.
This review highlights complex problems that arise in the diagnosis and treatment of obese people
with COVID-19. These problems range from precise diagnosis to individualized treatment plans.
Management approaches for obese individuals with COVID-19 encompass lifestyle interventions,
pharmacotherapy, and dietary considerations, each tailored to mitigate risks and improve outcomes.
Additionally, treatment plans integrating multidisciplinary care, including personalized respiratory
support, antiviral therapy, and thromboprophylaxis, are proposed to address the unique needs of
obese patients battling COVID-19.

Conclusion:

The abstract underscores the complexity of this interaction, emphasizing the need for
comprehensive information to guide clinical care and future research effectively.
Child labour trajectories of girls and adolescents in the cross-border region of posadas (Argentina) – Encarnación (Paraguay)
Authors: Miño María Gabriela , Cossi Carla Antonella , Gómez Raimundo Elias , Jiménez García Alina
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this article is to analyze the relationship between gender and child labor trajec-tories, considering as a case study the situation of working girls and adolescents in the cross-border region connecting the cities of Posadas (Argentina) and Encarnación (Paraguay). To achieve this, the characterization outlines the activities carried out by women, emphasizing the significance of gender in the construction of social inequalities from child-hood. Regarding its methodology, the study incor-porates primary sources, including interviews with women and municipal and provincial administration officials with political responsibility on the subject; field observations and localized surveys; and struc-tured information from open-access government statistics and articles from scientific repositories. In conclusion, it is suggested that girls and adoles-cents predominantly undertake household tasks. Furthermore, despite girls and adolescents also engaging in work outside the home – in businesses with family members or in street food vending – it is often boys of the same age who are tasked with solitary jobs that require strength, physical dexter-ity, and handling of monetary transactions.
Compreender as Desigualdades Sociais e os Territórios pelas Histórias de Vida: reflexões partir das experiências do Núcleo IS-UP do Museu da Pessoa
Authors: Figueiredo Catarina , Medon Leonor , Lopes João Teixeira
Published: October 2024

The Nucleus of the ‘Museu da Pessoa’ (People’s Museum) was created to build a digital archive of qualitative data, while also promoting exhibi-tions and debates in research contexts. Through oral testimonies, life stories are collected and dis-seminated from a diversity of social actors across the national territory, facing various inequalities or vulnerabilities. With the aim of deepening the pro-cesses of structuring social inequalities and their individual inscriptions, this project democratises access to memory and gives visibility to socially vulnerable groups.Based on the experiences from the three main initiatives developed within the scope of the IS-UP Nucleus of the ‘Museu da Pessoa’, a reflection is made on the contributions of these initiatives. Framed by a theoretical-methodological framework related to the use of life stories in sociological research and situated in three different socio-territorial contexts in the northern region of Portugal, these initiatives focus on different social issues. They allow reflec-tions and analyses on various forms of social ine-quality. It is argued that this model enables simul-taneous knowledge acquisition, participation, and communication, combining fundamental research with the transfer and co-production of knowledge.
Feasibility and Engagement of a Mobile App Preparation Program (Kwit) for Smoking Cessation in an Ecological Context: Quantitative Study
Authors: Bustamante Perez Luz Adriana , Romo Lucia , Zerhouni Oulmann
Published: October 2024

Background

Mobile health apps can facilitate access to effective treatment and therapeutic information services. However, the real-world effectiveness of mobile apps for smoking cessation and their potential impact in everyday settings remain unclear.

Objective

In an ecological context, this study aimed to estimate the engagement rate of a mobile app–based smoking cessation preparation program and its potential impact on users’ willingness, ability, and readiness to quit smoking.

Methods

A total of 2331 “organic users” (ie, users who discover and install a mobile app on their own, without any prompts) chose 1 of 2 program versions of the mobile app (Kwit): the basic version or the premium version. Both versions were identical in design, with 4 more evidence-based content items and strategies in the premium version. Outcomes were analyzed based on automated data registered in the app (engagement rate, motivation to quit, motivation type, motivation levels, and satisfaction level). Mann-Whitney and χ2 tests were used to compare the results of both groups.

Results

As expected, in the ecological context, a high dropout rate was observed at different moments. A significant difference was observed between the 2 versions (n=2331; χ21=5.4; P=.02), with a proportionally higher engagement rate in the premium version (premium=4.7% vs basic=2%). Likewise, differences were also observed between the 2 groups in terms of reasons to quit (n=2331; χ24=19; P≤.001; V=0.08), motivation type (n=2331; χ27=14.7; P=.04), and motivation level. Users of the app’s premium version more frequently reported “well-being” (23.3% vs 17.9%) and “planning a pregnancy” (7.4% vs 4.4%) as their primary reasons for quitting smoking compared to those with the basic version. Moreover, they reported being more likely to be driven in the smoking cessation process by intrinsic motivation (premium=28% vs basic=20.4%), as well as feeling significantly more willing (z score=156,055; P≤.001; Cohen d=0.15), able (z score=172,905; P=.04; Cohen d=0.09), and ready (z score=166,390; P=.005; Cohen d=0.12) to stop smoking than users who had the basic version before completion of the preparation program. Among participants who finished each version of the program (premium: 9/189, 4.8%; basic: 47/2142, 2.19%), significant improvements in motivation levels were observed in both groups, although in different areas for each group (willingness levels for the premium group and ability for the basic group).

Conclusions

These results suggest that even in ecological contexts where engagement rates are meager, the Kwit preparation program can address ambivalence by increasing willingness to change, self-confidence, and readiness to quit among its users, especially those who feel less able to do so. Further development and evaluations are needed to better understand determinants for regular mobile health apps.
A Collection of Components to Design Clinical Dashboards Incorporating Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: Qualitative Study
Authors: Bischof Anja Yvonne , Kuklinski David , Salvi Irene , Walker Carla , Vogel Justus , Geissler Alexander
Published: October 2024

Background

A clinical dashboard is a data-driven clinical decision support tool visualizing multiple key performance indicators in a single report while minimizing time and effort for data gathering. Studies have shown that including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in clinical dashboards supports the clinician’s understanding of how treatments impact patients’ health status, helps identify changes in health-related quality of life at an early stage, and strengthens patient-physician communication.

Objective

This study aims to determine design components for clinical dashboards incorporating PROMs to inform software producers and users (ie, physicians).

Methods

We conducted interviews with software producers and users to test preselected design components. Furthermore, the interviews allowed us to derive additional components that are not outlined in existing literature. Finally, we used inductive and deductive coding to derive a guide on which design components need to be considered when building a clinical dashboard incorporating PROMs.

Results

A total of 25 design components were identified, of which 16 were already surfaced during the literature search. Furthermore, 9 additional components were derived inductively during our interviews. The design components are clustered in a generic dashboard, PROM-related, adjacent information, and requirements for adoption components. Both software producers and users agreed on the primary purpose of a clinical dashboard incorporating PROMs to enhance patient communication in outpatient settings. Dashboard benefits include enhanced data visualization and improved workflow efficiency, while interoperability and data collection were named as adoption challenges. Consistency in dashboard design components is preferred across different episodes of care, with adaptations only for disease-specific PROMs.

Conclusions

Clinical dashboards have the potential to facilitate informed treatment decisions if certain design components are followed. This study establishes a comprehensive framework of design components to guide the development of effective clinical dashboards incorporating PROMs in health care practice.
Clinical Use of Mental Health Digital Therapeutics in a Large Health Care Delivery System: Retrospective Patient Cohort Study and Provider Survey
Authors: Ridout Samuel J , Ridout Kathryn K , Lin Teresa Y , Campbell Cynthia I
Published: October 2024

Background

While the number of digital therapeutics (DTx) has proliferated, there is little real-world research on the characteristics of providers recommending DTx, their recommendation behaviors, or the characteristics of patients receiving recommendations in the clinical setting.

Objective

The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients receiving DTx recommendations and describe provider characteristics and behaviors regarding DTx.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data from a large, integrated health care delivery system. Demographic and clinical characteristics of adult patients recommended versus not recommended DTx by a mental health provider between May 2020 and December 2021 were examined. A cross-sectional survey of mental health providers providing these recommendations was conducted in December 2022 to assess the characteristics of providers and recommendation behaviors related to DTx. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to examine statistical significance between groups.

Results

Of 335,250 patients with a mental health appointment, 53,546 (16%) received a DTx recommendation. Patients recommended to DTx were younger, were of Asian or Hispanic race or ethnicity, were female, were without medical comorbidities, and had commercial insurance compared to those without a DTx recommendation (P<.001). More patients receiving a DTx recommendation had anxiety or adjustment disorder diagnoses, but less had depression, bipolar, or psychotic disorder diagnoses (P<.001) versus matched controls not recommended to DTx. Overall, depression and anxiety symptom scores were lower in patients recommended to DTx compared to matched controls not receiving a recommendation, although female patients had a higher proportion of severe depression and anxiety scores compared to male patients. Provider survey results indicated a higher proportion of nonprescribers recommended DTx to patients compared to prescribers (P=.008). Of all providers, 29.4% (45/153) reported using the suggested internal electronic health record–based tools (eg, smart text) to recommend DTx, and of providers recommending DTx resources to patients, 64.1% (98/153) reported they follow up with patients to inquire on DTx benefits. Only 38.4% (58/151) of respondents report recommending specific DTx modules, and of those, 58.6% (34/58) report following up on the impact of these specific modules.

Conclusions

DTx use in mental health was modest and varied by patient and provider characteristics. Providers do not appear to actively engage with these tools and integrate them into treatment plans. Providers, while expressing interest in potential benefits from DTx, may view DTx as a passive strategy to augment traditional treatment for select patients.
Effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring on short-term in-hospital mortality among frail critically ill patients with COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Wei , Shang Jiawei , Yuan Ziming , Zhang Zuoyan , Zhou Quanhong , Zou Yan
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Objective We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of CGM on intensive care unit (ICU) related outcomes among frail and critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19.
Research design and methods This was an exploratory, prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel, single-center clinical trial. A total of 124 patients was finally analyzed. The primary outcome was 28-day in-ICU mortality. The secondary outcome included the length of ICU stay, the occurrence of hypoglycemia and severe hypoglycemia events.
Results The mean age was 78.3±11.5 years old. The mean fasting glucose level at baseline was 8.12±1.54 mmol/L. The mean HbA1c level was 7.2±0.8%. The percentage of participants with diabetes was 30.6%. The corresponding hazard ratio of the primary outcome in the isCGM group when compared with the POCT group was 0.18 (95%CI 0.04-0.79). The average length of ICU stay was 10.0±7.57 days in the isCGM group and 14.0±6.86 days in the POCT group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions We found a significant clinical benefit from the use of CGM among frail and critically ill patients with COVID-19. These findings support the use of CGM in ICU and might help with the extension of application in various in-hospital settings.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of CGM on intensive care unit (ICU) related outcomes among frail and critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19.

METHODS

This was an exploratory, prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel, single-center clinical trial. A total of 124 patients was finally analyzed. The primary outcome was 28-day in-ICU mortality. The secondary outcome included the length of ICU stay, the occurrence of hypoglycemia and severe hypoglycemia events.

RESULTS

The mean age was 78.3±11.5 years old. The mean fasting glucose level at baseline was 8.12±1.54 mmol/L. The mean HbA1c level was 7.2±0.8%. The percentage of participants with diabetes was 30.6%. The corresponding hazard ratio of the primary outcome in the isCGM group when compared with the POCT group was 0.18 (95%CI 0.04-0.79). The average length of ICU stay was 10.0±7.57 days in the isCGM group and 14.0±6.86 days in the POCT group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

We found a significant clinical benefit from the use of CGM among frail and critically ill patients with COVID-19. These findings support the use of CGM in ICU and might help with the extension of application in various in-hospital settings.
DEVELOPMENT AND VERIFICATION OF UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING N-ACETYLCYSTEINE IN TABLET FORMULATIONS
Authors: NADENDLA RAMA RAO , MOUNIKA MADAMANCHI , RANJITHADUBBA VENKATA SAI , JAHNAVI MANDAVA , SOWJANYASONTI  , YAKSHITHAYARRA  , SURESH P. VENKATA , MORLA SIVA PRASAD
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to determine the concentration of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) in tablet formulations using UV-Visiblespectroscopy.
Methods: A precise and accurate UV spectrophotometric method was developed for determining N-acetylcysteine in tablets, using 0.1N NaOH as a diluent. The drug's purity was assessed using UV-visible spectrophotometry, which validated linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection, and quantification.
Results: The calibration curve had a high correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.9992) and maximum absorbance at 235 nm. There was no interference in dosage. The results showed 100.17% mean % recovery and 100.27% tablet assay, with a precision of 0.60% and 0.57%, respectively. The method was robust and rugged.
Conclusion: The method was evaluated using statistical parameters, including precision, accuracy, linearity, recovery, and robustness. The results showed no significant differences compared to other methods. The method can be used to analyse pharmaceutical formulations quickly, and no significant differences in mean values and standard deviations were found.
BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THREE DIFFERENT MULTIHERBAL COMPOSITIONS ON HEPATOXICITY INDUCED BY CARBON TETRA CHLORIDE (CCL4) IN ALBINO RATS
Authors: SINORIYA SHEKHAR KUMAR , SINGH KUSUM
Published: October 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of three different types of multiherbal formulations in comparison to standard drug (Silymarin).
Methods: Five hepatoprotective plants were chosen to make three different kinds of formulations, as mentioned in the materials and methods. These five selected herbs were chosen based on previous researches or reviews on hepatoprotective herbs. For the present study, two different groups of rats were made: the control group and the experimental group. The experimental group was further divided into five subgroups. Hepatotoxicity was induced by a single oral dose (1.5 ml/kg) of CCl4. After this, all rats were treated with different formulations and standard drug (silymarin) according to their groups. Samples for biochemical and histopathological (liver sample) examinations were collected on the fixed schedules (07th, 14th, and 21st d).
Results: Biochemical parameters like SGPT, SGOT, and ALP were elevated due to CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity, and after treatment, they were recouped to normal significantly (P<0.001) by the treatment of formulation-I. On the other hand, decreased serum proteins like total, albumin, and globulin were increased to be normal (P<0.01) with the treatment of formulation-I. The histopathological study also supported the final results of the biochemical analysis. The damaged hepatocellular structures were repaired by the F-I formulation better than other formulations.
Conclusion: The final results suggested that Formulation-I is a better healer than other formulations (F-II and F-III). It was thus concluded in the present study that formulation-I has better hepatoprotective activity than formulation-II and formulation-III.
La pandemia del siglo XXI: pobreza y resiliencia urbana en la región metropolitana de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Ziccardi Contigiani Alicia Ermelinda
Published: October 2024

La crisis sanitaria provocada por sars-cov-2 (covid-19) es un hecho social total, global y humanitario, una crisis de magnitud e intensidad inusitada que afectó todos los ámbitos de la vida económica, social y urbana (Bringuel y Pleyers, 2020; Ramonet, 2020). Pero, además, la pandemia es una crisis urbana y en México la mayor concentración de casos de personas contagiadas y fallecida se dio en la gran región metropolitana de la Ciudad de México. Sin duda, la capital del país es el espacio con el mayor número y las mejores instalaciones hospitalarias y, a pesar del esfuerzo gubernamental realizado, la pandemia puso de manifiesto las grandes limitaciones del sistema de salud. Asimismo, habitar en pandemia puso en evidencia las grandes desigualdades que existen en las condiciones de vida de la ciudad, en los diferentes tipos, tamaño, lugar de localización y calidad de las viviendas, así como en el acceso a los bienes y servicios básicos y entre quienes asumen las tareas de cuidados, ya que las mismas recaen principalmente en las mujeres (Ziccardi, 2021; Rea, Montes de Oca y Pérez, 2021; Batthyány, 2020; Falú, 2020; Merino, Valverde y Ziccardi, 2020). Uno de los más graves saldos de la pandemia es el crecimiento de la pobreza urbana como consecuencia del cierre o disminución de actividades de muchas empresas y la imposibilidad de desarrollar actividades informales en las que trabajan la mayoría de las y los trabajadores (CEPAL, 2022; Cordera, y Provencio, 2020; Fuentes, y Arellano, 2020). La velocidad con la que la pandemia se expandió en la población exigió idear un conjunto de medidas inmediatas para crear condiciones de resiliencia, en lo fundamental recomendaciones y acciones sanitarias que se impusieron durante la Jornada Nacional de Sana Distancia, del 23 de marzo al 31 de mayo del 2020, pero que en los hechos se prolongaron durante más de dos años. En este contexto, este artículo expone en primer lugar las características generales de la morfología de las grandes regiones urbanas, la cual condiciona la calidad de vida de la población y determina capacidades muy diferenciadas para enfrentar la pandemia. En segundo lugar, se presentan las estimaciones existentes sobre la distribución territorial de la pandemia a nivel local. En tercero, se analiza el crecimiento de la pobreza en el contexto de la pandemia y en cuarto, las transformaciones que se registraron en el modo de vida urbano como consecuencia del distanciamiento social impuesto y en el quinto, la construcción de resiliencia urbana. Finalmente, se aportan algunas reflexiones sobre la necesidad de crear mejores condiciones materiales de vida para el conjunto de la población para lo cual es necesario revisar y modificar, en conjunto, las políticas sociales urbanas para avanzar en el logro de ciudades sostenibles y saludables.
Habitabilidad, gestión local y pandemia en una capital estatal. El caso de la Zona Metropolitana de Toluca
Authors: Pedrotti Carolina Inés
Published: October 2024

Una evidencia fundamental y recientemente aprendida es que, desde su inicio, la pandemia por sars-cov-2 constituyó un fenómeno esencialmente urbano, considerada su forma de transmisión y los efectos que generó en el modo de vida de las ciudades (Ziccardi, coord., 2020 y 2021); su impacto global permitió constatar que principalmente ocurrió en las ciudades, afectó a la población urbana (en la medida en que allí se produce la relación entre seres humanos-naturaleza, y los patrones de urbanización; Fernándes, 2021: 30); lo anterior reveló y agravó las desigualdades socioeconómicas que estructuralmente han acompañado el desarrollo de las ciudades (Carrión, 2020: 24, y 2022; Méndez, 2020: 48; Hernández Bringas, 2020: 113, 117). La pandemia también hizo visible el enlace histórico e inseparable entre salud y vivienda, políticas de salud y política habitacional, toda vez que las características, el estado y el funcionamiento de las viviendas pueden evaluarse a través de un conjunto de condiciones de habitabilidad y, dependiendo de esta evaluación, es posible estimar su grado de vulnerabilidad para el cumplimiento de reglas que faciliten la prevención, protección y atención de ésta y otras enfermedades (Fernándes, 2021: 30; Pedrotti y Cota, 2021 y 2022). La observación del comportamiento de la pandemia en una capital estatal mexicana (Toluca), revela también que, aun cuando el manejo de las principales acciones de contención se realizó desde el ámbito central del gobierno, el problema debió atenderse en el ámbito local. Su estudio descubre las débiles capacidades institucionales de los gobiernos locales para una estrategia integrada de atención al problema (tanto en los sectores de atención, como en las escalas espaciales); a la vez, permite conocer una serie de habilidades y maniobras para asumir y hacerse cargo –desde la urgencia y la escasez de recursos–de una gran cantidad de asuntos en el espacio local-municipal. Este capítulo busca retratar y analizar con datos actualizados a 2020 y 2021 (tanto los generados por organismos e instituciones de alcance nacional, como los que derivan de investigaciones recientes en las que ha participado la autora) la situación urbana, habitacional (particularmente de las condiciones de habitabilidad de las viviendas y el entorno urbano), y de respuesta gubernamental local en la Zona Metropolitana de Toluca (ZMT), Estado de México, frente a la crisis generada por la pandemia. Partiendo de una breve caracterización de la metrópoli y las desigualdades que atraviesan a su población y territorio, interesa indagar cómo se transitó por las primeras etapas de pandemia por sars-cov-2, desde los hogares y sus entornos, así como desde las acciones de sus gobiernos municipales.
Autopublicación de textos científicos: su multitud de formas, complejidades y desafíos en la era digital
Authors: Montes de Oca Montano José Luis , Reyes Mur Olga Lidia
Published: October 2024

Este artículo se centra en una revisión bibliográfica sobre el novedoso tema de la autopublicación, en conjunto con otras modalidades similares de edición y autogestión de la publicación y difusión de manuscritos científicos de texto completo por sus propios autores. Se discuten las complejidades y desafíos que enfrentan estos especialistas y académicos, incluida la necesidad de financiar el trabajo editorial, la impresión y la distribución de obras científicas. Además, se destaca la importancia y el papel de la revisión por pares, así como los efectos negativos que surgen de su ausencia. El artículo también aborda la atención insuficiente que se da a documentos conocidos como "literatura gris" en términos de difusión y promoción. Además, explora el papel que desempeñan los contratos editoriales, que establecen legalmente los términos y condiciones de la relación entre autores y editores, incluidos los derechos y la remuneración que corresponden a cada parte. En general, el estudio analiza si la autopublicación, con sus diversas matices y formas, es una opción válida y efectiva para la difusión de obras científicas, enfatizando elementos clave en este campo.
La Selección y Adquisición en Bibliotecas Académicas: Aportaciones para un Efectivo Desarrollo de Colecciones
Authors: Del Angel Santillán Minerva , Olguín Martínez Gabriela
Published: October 2024

Trabajo dedicado al desarrollo de colecciones en bibliotecas académicas, específicamente a los aspectos de selección y adquisición, con el objetivo de identificar las actividades que deben realizarse para lograr un eficiente y efectivo desarrollo de colecciones. Se utilizó una técnica de investigación documental exploratoria. Se reconoció el impacto de la tecnología de la información y la comunicación, la preeminencia del estudio de las necesidades de información de la comunidad y la importancia de documentar formalmente las decisiones. Se concluye que, sin planificar el desarrollo de las colecciones, la biblioteca no tendrá elementos suficientes para demostrar su valor a la comunidad, de la misma manera que es inapropiado improvisar en relación con el crecimiento de la colección porque, si se hace, el presupuesto no se aplicará correctamente y no se satisfarán las necesidades de los usuarios.
Defending Against Modern Web Attacks: Strategies for Safeguarding User Identities and Data
Authors: Varam Nithin
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Organizations must adopt a comprehensive approach to safeguard user identities and sensitive data in the face of increasingly sophisticated web-based attacks. This article presents a multi-faceted strategy for defending against modern web threats, addressing key aspects such as phishing prevention, secure authentication mechanisms, protection against cross-site scripting (XSS) and cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks, browser and endpoint security, web application security best practices, and the implementation of a Zero Trust security model. By examining the current landscape of web-based threats and providing actionable recommendations, this article aims to empower organizations with the knowledge and tools necessary to combat evolving cyber threats effectively. The proposed defensive measures encompass user awareness and education, robust technical controls, secure coding practices, and adopting technologies such as multi-factor authentication, biometric authentication, web application firewalls, and browser isolation techniques. Additionally, the article emphasizes the importance of a proactive approach to incident response and threat intelligence, enabling organizations to swiftly detect, contain, and mitigate web-based attacks. By implementing these strategies, organizations can significantly enhance their resilience against modern web threats, safeguarding user identities, protecting sensitive data, and maintaining a secure online presence in an increasingly hostile digital environment