bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yield performance of Boro rice in response to urea super granular (USG)
Authors: Bony MH , Paul SK , Kaderand MA , Sarkar MAR
Published: July 2016

The experiment was conducted during December 2012 to June 2013 in the farmers field adjacent to Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), a village named Boira under Sadar Upazilla of Mymensingh to study the yield performance of Boro rice in response to USG. The experiment comprised two rice varieties viz. Binadhan-5 and BRRI dhan29 and seven levels of USG viz.i) prilled urea (PU) 280 kg ha-1(control),ii)USG 1.8g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5 cm depth, iii) USG 1.8g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 10 cm depth, iv) USG 2.7g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5 cm depth, v)USG 2.7g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 10 cm depth, vi) USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5 cm depth and vii)USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 10 cm depth. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Variety, level of USG and their interaction exerted significant influence on yield contributing characters and yield of Boro rice. BRRI dhan29 produced higher number of effective tillers hill-1 and heaviest grain than that of Binadhan-5. As a result of superior yield parameters, BRRI dhan29 gave higher yield (7.67 t ha-1) than Binadhan-5 (6.52 t ha-1). In case of USG, the highest number of total tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight and grain yield (7.59 t ha-1) were obtained from USG @ 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5cm depth. The lowest values of all the parameters were obtained from PU. Considering their interaction effect, BRRI dhan29 with USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5cm depth produced best yield attributes, grain (8.38 t ha-1) and straw yield (9.26 t ha-1). The lowest performance was observed in Binadhan-5 with PU. The overall results suggest that farmers can be advised to cultivate BRRI dhan29 fertilized with USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row at 5 cm depth for getting highest yield in Boro season under the agro-climate condition of the study area.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 13-17, June 2015
Response of stevia to foliar application of prilled urea
Authors: Zaman MM , Chowdhury MAH , Chowdhury Tanzin
Published: July 2016

Urea can be supplied to plants through the foliage, facilitating optimal N management, which minimizes N losses to the environment. The efficiency of N assimilation through foliage depends upon several factors including N levels and varieties or genotypes. No information is available on the effect of the foliar application of urea on stevia (Stevia rebaudiana, Bertoni). The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of prilled urea applied in different concentrations on the growth, yield components, leaf biomass yield, N content and its uptake by stevia. Seven levels of urea viz. 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3g 2L-1 were sprayed 10 days after planting (DAP) in acid and non-calcareous soils at an interval of one week up to 60 DAP. Foliar urea application significantly increased plant height, branch and leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry leaf weight, leaf N content and uptake by stevia. Most of the parameters were increased with the advancement of growth period from 30 to 60 DAP. The foliar spray of 2.0g urea solution was found to be most effective for enhancing the growth, leaf yield and yield attributes of stevia. The yield increase was 478% in acid soil and 485% in non-calcareous soil over control. Further increase in the concentrations of urea spray (2.5 and 3.0g) was not found to be useful as it declined the leaf yield by 135% in acid and 175% in non-calcareous soil probably due to its toxicity. N content in stevia leaves was significantly increased with the increased levels of urea up to 3.0g in both soils. Conversely, the trend of N uptake did not follow the trend of N contents of stevia leaves. N uptake as expected increased as foliar application of urea increased up to 2.0g and then decreased with further addition. The results suggest that farmers can be advised to apply prilled urea as foliar spray @ 1g L-1 for higher leaf biomass yield and N uptake by stevia either in acid or non-calcareous soils under the agro-climatic conditions of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 39-46, June 2015
On-farm evaluation of production potential and economics of Wheat-Jute-T.aman rice-based cropping system
Authors: Kamrozzaman MM , Khan MAH , Ahmed S , Quddus AFM Ruhul
Published: July 2016

The study was conducted to determine the yield and economic consequences of two cropping patterns viz. improved cropping pattern (Wheat-Jute-T.aman rice) and farmers, pattern (Wheat-Jute-T.aman rice) through incorporation of modern high yielding varieties and improved management practices for crop production. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with five dispersed replications in farmers condition in Faridpur during two consecutive years 2011-12 and 2012-13. Two years mean data showed that the improved management practices for the pattern provided significantly higher yield in Wheat, Jute and T.aman rice. The gross return (Tk. 265495/ha) and net return (Tk.123087/ha) of improved pattern were 9 % and 18 % higher, respectively compared to that of farmers pattern with only 3% extra cost. The higher benefit cost ratio, land use efficiency, production efficiency and sustainable yield index indicated the superiority of the improved pattern over the farmers practices.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 93-100, June 2015
Maximum Entropy Closure of Balance Equations for Miniband Semiconductor Superlattices
Authors: Bonilla Luis , Carretero Manuel
Published: July 2016

Charge transport in nanosized electronic systems is described by semiclassical or quantum kinetic equations that are often costly to solve numerically and difficult to reduce systematically to macroscopic balance equations for densities, currents, temperatures and other moments of macroscopic variables. The maximum entropy principle can be used to close the system of equations for the moments but its accuracy or range of validity are not always clear. In this paper, we compare numerical solutions of balance equations for nonlinear electron transport in semiconductor superlattices. The equations have been obtained from Boltzmann–Poisson kinetic equations very far from equilibrium for strong fields, either by the maximum entropy principle or by a systematic Chapman–Enskog perturbation procedure. Both approaches produce the same current-voltage characteristic curve for uniform fields. When the superlattices are DC voltage biased in a region where there are stable time periodic solutions corresponding to recycling and motion of electric field pulses, the differences between the numerical solutions produced by numerically solving both types of balance equations are smaller than the expansion parameter used in the perturbation procedure. These results and possible new research venues are discussed.
Electricity Self-Sufficient Community Clustering for Energy Resilience
Authors: Yamagata Yoshiki , Murakami Daisuke , Minami Kazuhiro , Arizumi Nana , Kuroda Sho , Tanjo Tomoya , Maruyama Hiroshi
Published: July 2016

Local electricity generation and sharing has been given considerable attention recently for its disaster resilience and other reasons. However, the process of designing local sharing communities (or local grids) is still unclear. Thus, this study empirically compares algorithms for electricity sharing community clustering in terms of self-sufficiency, sharing cost, and stability. The comparison is performed for all 12 months of a typical year in Yokohama, Japan. The analysis results indicate that, while each individual algorithm has some advantages, an exhaustive algorithm provides clusters that are highly self-sufficient. The exhaustive algorithm further demonstrates that a clustering result optimized for one month is available across many months without losing self-sufficiency. In fact, the clusters achieve complete self-sufficiency for five months in spring and autumn, when electricity demands are lower.
Injury Severity of Motorcycle Riders Involved in Traffic Crashes in Hunan, China: A Mixed Ordered Logit Approach
Authors: Chang Fangrong , Li Maosheng , Xu Pengpeng , Zhou Hanchu , Haque Md. , Huang Helai
Published: July 2016

Issues related to motorcycle safety in China have not received enough research attention. As such, the causal relationship between injury outcomes of motorcycle crashes and potential risk factors remains unknown. This study intended to investigate the injury risk of motorcyclists involved in road traffic crashes in China. To account for the ordinal nature of response outcomes and unobserved heterogeneity, a mixed ordered logit model was employed. Given that the crash occurrence process is different between intersections and non-intersections, separate models were developed for these locations to independently estimate the impacts of various contributing factors on motorcycle riders’ injury severity. The analysis was based on the police-reported crash dataset obtained from the Traffic Administration Bureau of Hunan Provincial Public Security Ministry. Factors associated with a substantially higher probability of fatalities and severe injuries included motorcycle riders older than 60 years, the absence of helmets, motorcycle riders identified to be equal duty, and when a motorcycle collided with a heavy vehicle during the night time without lighting. Crashes occurred along county roads with curve and slope alignment or at regions with higher GDP were associated with an elevated risk of fatality of motorcycle riders, while unsignalized intersections were related to less severe injuries. Findings of this study are beneficial in forming several targeted countermeasures for motorcycle safety in China, including designing roads with appropriate road delineation and street lighting, strict enforcement for speeding and red light violations, promoting helmet usage, and improving the conspicuity of motorcyclists.
Dermal Lipogenesis Inhibits Adiponectin Production in Human Dermal Fibroblasts while Exogenous Adiponectin Administration Prevents against UVA-Induced Dermal Matrix Degradation in Human Skin
Authors: Fang Chien-Liang , Huang Ling-Hung , Tsai Hung-Yueh , Chang Hsin-I
Published: July 2016

Adiponectin is one of the most abundant adipokines from the subcutaneous fat, and regulates multiple activities through endocrine, paracrine, or autocrine mechanisms. However, its expression in adipogenic induced fibroblasts, and the potential role in photoaging has not been determined. Here, human dermal fibroblasts, Hs68, were presented as a cell model of dermal lipogenesis through stimulation of adipogenic differentiation medium (ADM). Similar to other studies in murine pre-adipocyte models (i.e., 3T3-L1), Hs68 fibroblasts showed a tendency to lipogenesis based on lipid accumulation, triglyceride formation, and the expressions of PPAR-γ, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and FABP4 mRNA. As expected, ADM-treated fibroblasts displayed a reduction on adiponectin expression. Next, we emphasized the photoprotective effects of adiponectin against UVA-induced damage in Hs68 fibroblasts. UVA radiation can downregulate cell adhesion strength and elastic modulus of Hs68 fibroblasts. Moreover, UVA radiation could induce the mRNA expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-3, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), but downregulate the mRNA expressions of type I and type III collagen. On the other hand, post-treatment of adiponectin can partially overcome UVA-induced reduction in the cell adhesion strength of Hs68 fibroblasts through the activation of AdipoR1 and the suppression of EGF-R. In addition, post-treatment of adiponectin indicated the increase of type III collagen and elastin mRNA expression and the decrease of MMP-1 and MMP-3 mRNA expression, but a limited degree of recovery of elastic modulus on UVA-irradiated Hs68 fibroblasts. Overall, these results suggest that dermal lipogenesis may inhibit the expression of adiponectin while exogenous adiponectin administration prevents against UVA-induced dermal matrix degradation in Hs68 fibroblasts.
A Depth-Adjustment Deployment Algorithm Based on Two-Dimensional Convex Hull and Spanning Tree for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Jiang Peng , Liu Shuai , Liu Jun , Wu Feng , Zhang Le
Published: July 2016

Most of the existing node depth-adjustment deployment algorithms for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) just consider how to optimize network coverage and connectivity rate. However, these literatures don’t discuss full network connectivity, while optimization of network energy efficiency and network reliability are vital topics for UWSN deployment. Therefore, in this study, a depth-adjustment deployment algorithm based on two-dimensional (2D) convex hull and spanning tree (NDACS) for UWSNs is proposed. First, the proposed algorithm uses the geometric characteristics of a 2D convex hull and empty circle to find the optimal location of a sleep node and activate it, minimizes the network coverage overlaps of the 2D plane, and then increases the coverage rate until the first layer coverage threshold is reached. Second, the sink node acts as a root node of all active nodes on the 2D convex hull and then forms a small spanning tree gradually. Finally, the depth-adjustment strategy based on time marker is used to achieve the three-dimensional overall network deployment. Compared with existing depth-adjustment deployment algorithms, the simulation results show that the NDACS algorithm can maintain full network connectivity with high network coverage rate, as well as improved network average node degree, thus increasing network reliability.
Distributed Task Offloading in Heterogeneous Vehicular Crowd Sensing
Authors: Liu Yazhi , Wang Wendong , Ma Yuekun , Yang Zhigang , Yu Fuxing
Published: July 2016

The ability of road vehicles to efficiently execute different sensing tasks varies because of the heterogeneity in their sensing ability and trajectories. Therefore, the data collection sensing task, which requires tempo-spatial sensing data, becomes a serious problem in vehicular sensing systems, particularly those with limited sensing capabilities. A utility-based sensing task decomposition and offloading algorithm is proposed in this paper. The utility function for a task executed by a certain vehicle is built according to the mobility traces and sensing interfaces of the vehicle, as well as the sensing data type and tempo-spatial coverage requirements of the sensing task. Then, the sensing tasks are decomposed and offloaded to neighboring vehicles according to the utilities of the neighboring vehicles to the decomposed sensing tasks. Real trace-driven simulation shows that the proposed task offloading is able to collect much more comprehensive and uniformly distributed sensing data than other algorithms.
A Monitoring Method Based on FBG for Concrete Corrosion Cracking
Authors: Mao Jianghong , Xu Fangyuan , Gao Qian , Liu Shenglin , Jin Weiliang , Xu Yidong
Published: July 2016

Corrosion cracking of reinforced concrete caused by chloride salt is one of the main determinants of structure durability. Monitoring the entire process of concrete corrosion cracking is critical for assessing the remaining life of the structure and determining if maintenance is needed. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing technology is extensively developed in photoelectric monitoring technology and has been used on many projects. FBG can detect the quasi-distribution of strain and temperature under corrosive environments, and thus it is suitable for monitoring reinforced concrete cracking. According to the mechanical principle that corrosion expansion is responsible for the reinforced concrete cracking, a package design of reinforced concrete cracking sensors based on FBG was proposed and investigated in this study. The corresponding relationship between the grating wavelength and strain was calibrated by an equal strength beam test. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by an electrically accelerated corrosion experiment. The fiber grating sensing technology was able to track the corrosion expansion and corrosion cracking in real time and provided data to inform decision-making for the maintenance and management of the engineering structure.
FUZZY CLUSTERING CHAOTIC-BASED DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION FOR RESOURCE LEVELING IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: CHENG Min-Yuan , TRAN Duc-Hoc , HOANG Nhat-Duc
Published: July 2016

Project scheduling is an important part of project planning in many management companies. Resource lev­eling problem describes the process of reducing the fluctuations in resource usage over the project duration. The goal of resource leveling is to minimize the incremental demands that cause fluctuations of resources, and thus avoid unde­sirable cyclic hiring and firing during project execution. In this research, a novel optimization model, named as Fuzzy Clustering Chaotic-based Differential Evolution for solving Resource leveling (FCDE-RL), is introduced. Fuzzy Cluster­ing Chaotic-based Differential Evolution (FCDE) is developed by integrating original Differential Evolution with fuzzy c-means clustering and chaotic techniques to tackle complex optimization problems. Chaotic was exploited to prevent the optimization algorithm from premature convergence. Meanwhile, fuzzy c-means clustering acts as several multi-par­ent crossover operators to utilize the information of the population efficiently to enhance the convergence. Experimental results revealed that the new optimization model is a promising alternative to assist project managers in dealing with construction project resource leveling.
THE DYNAMICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BAR AND SPIRAL PATTERNS OF NGC 1365
Authors: Speights Jason C. , Rooke Paul C.
Published: July 2016

Theories that attempt to explain the dynamical relationship between bar and spiral patterns in galactic disks make different predictions about the radial profile of the pattern speed. These are tested for the H-alpha bar and spiral patterns of NGC 1365. The radial profile of the pattern speed is measured by fitting mathematical models that are based on the Tremaine–Weinberg method. The results show convincing evidence for the bar rotating at a faster rate than the spiral pattern, inconsistent with a global wave mode or a manifold. There is evidence for mode coupling of the bar and spiral patterns at the overlap of corotation and inner Lindblad resonances (ILRs), but the evidence is unreliable and inconsistent. The results are the most consistent with the bar and spiral patterns being dynamically distinct features. The pattern speed of the bar begins near an ILR and ends near the corotation resonance (CR). The radial profile of the pattern speed beyond the bar most closely resembles what is expected for coupled spiral modes and tidal interactions.
Google Search
Authors: Agrawal Pawan R.
Published: July 2016

This chapter explores Google Search as an information discovery tool and various similar retrieval tools facilitated by Google such as Google Scholar, Google Patents, Google Books, and Google CSE etc. It also confers various search strategies offered by Google to carry out search queries. All services availed by Google are substantially very helpful for the library professionals to disseminate information services to their clientele. Google tools may be used by the libraries to upgrade their library and information services almost at no cost. Invention of Google and prodigious services of Google has turned our current era into Google era. The argument made in this chapter relates the facilities offered by Google to modern libraries, and information retrieval services.
The Psychological Domain
Authors: O'Connor Adrian , Seery Niall , Canty Donal
Published: July 2016

This chapter will attempt to frame the potential of a flexible approach to teaching and learning that provides diagnostic and formative evidence to enhance traditional practice in K-12 education. Commencing with a brief account of the Community of Inquiry model (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000) as a potential framework for online and blended learning, this chapter investigates what is it about traditional classroom practice that researchers wish to enhance, the challenges facing contemporary systems of online and blended learning, and how new ubiquitous configurations for teaching and learning have become possible. With an emphasis on supporting discourse through the development of social and cognitive behavior, this chapter will endeavor to qualify the processes that evidence psychological development in a ubiquitous learning environment and provide data to inform the relative efficacy of utilizing such processes in the design of a new pedagogical approach.
Bethlehem Steelworkers, the Press, and the Struggle for the Eight-Hour Day
Authors: Ennis Ron W.
Published: July 2016

After years of simmering unrest, machinists and laborers staged a strike at Bethlehem Steel in 1910. The protest delayed the federal government's military contracts prompting the US Congress to order the Bureau of Labor to investigate. The bureau found conditions in the mill “shocking.” The press published the report, arousing the nation, and prodding Washington in 1912 to pass the first federal labor law limiting the hours of work in private industry.
CONTROLE QUÍMICO DE PLANTAS DANINHAS UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES PONTAS DE PULVERIZAÇÃO
Authors: NIEWEGLOWSKI FILHO Mario , PELISSARI Adelino , KOEHLER Henrique Soares , BASSETTI José Carlos , MURARO Márcio , KERKHOFF Marcelo , SPHYRA André SPHYRA
Published: July 2016

A tecnologia de aplicação de um produto pode influenciar a eficácia de controle no alvo desejado. Assim, a determinação do tipo de ponta de pulverização a ser usada, bem como o volume de calda aplicado são fatores que determinam a qualidade de uma aplicação. Para tanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da aplicação de herbicidas utilizando diferentes pontas de pulverização (jato plano - SF 110 015 e jato cônico - JA 1,5) e diferentes volumes de calda (100 e 150 L ha-1) visando o controle de plantas daninhas. Assim, utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados e os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 2x2x4 (volume de calda x tipo de ponta de pulverização x herbicida), totalizando 16 tratamentos com três blocos. A unidade experimental compreendeu uma área de 700 m2, aonde foi avaliado o controle das plantas daninhas presentes. Os herbicidas utilizados foram: glyphosate, metsulfuron methyl, 2,4 - D e paraquat. As espécies Conyza bonariensis, Sonchus oleraceus, Parthenium hysterophorus, Bidens pilosa, Galinsoga parviflora, Soliva pterosperma, Raphanus raphanistrum, Stellaria media, Spergula arvensis, Stachys arvensis e Rumex obtusifolius foram as plantas daninhas presentes na área. O controle de C. bonariensis, B. pilosa, G. parviflora, R. raphanistrum, S. media e Stachys arvensis não foi influenciado pelo volume de calda aplicado. Entretanto, maiores porcentagens de controle nas espécies S. oleraceus, P. hysterophorus, Spergula arvensis e R. obtusifolius foram obtidas na aplicação de 150 L ha-1 e para S. pterosperma 100 L ha-1. Algumas espécies não apresentaram redução de controle em função do tipo de ponta de pulverização usado, como observado em B. pilosa, S. media e Stachys arvensis. Todavia, o controle de P. hysterophorus foi mais eficiente quando se utilizou a ponta de jato plano. Já as outras sete espécies avaliadas tiveram maior controle com a ponta de jato cônico. Dentre os herbicidas utilizados, o glyphosate foi mais eficiente no controle das plantas daninhas, com exceção das espécies B. pilosa e Stachys arvensis.
Measuring the Effect of Size on Technical Efficiency of the United Arab Emirates Hospitals
Authors: Mahate Ashraf , Hamidi Samer , Akinci Fevzi
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study is to estimate the technical efficiency of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) hospitals and examine the effect of hospital size on estimated technical efficiency scores.

METHODS: Using 2012 data from Ministry of Health, Dubai Health Authority, and Health Authority in Abu Dhabi, we employed a nonparametric method, data envelopment analysis (DEA), to estimate the technical efficiency of 96 private and governmental hospitals in the UAE. Efficiency scores are calculated using both Banker, Charnes, and Cooper (BCC) and Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (CCR) models. 

RESULTS: The average technical efficiency of the UAE hospitals is estimated at 59% based on the BBC model and at 48% based on the CCR model. The optimal size of a hospital in the UAE is between 100 to 300 beds. We also found evidence of economies of scope between the provision of outpatient and inpatient care in the UAE hospitals.

CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that only one third of the UAE hospitals are technically efficient. There is evidence to suggest that there are considerable efficiency gains yet to be made by many UAE hospitals. Additional empirical research is needed to inform future health policies aimed at improving both the technical and allocative efficiency of hospital services in the UAE. 
Different Approaches to the Objects of Phraseology in Linguistics
Authors: Guliyeva Kamala Vasif
Published: July 2016

The article deals with phraseology and its object. Phraseology is known to be one of the difficult, debatable and interesting parts of linguistics. It appeared in the middle of the 19th century as a science, and was firstly dealt widely with by the scholars of the post-Soviet country. The early researchers of phraseology were Russian scholars and linguists such as Abakumov, Reformatski, Arnold, Bulakhovski, Ojegov, Amosova, Vinogradov, etc. Though being mostly investigated by Russian specialist, phraseology has been the target of the research of the following Azerbaijan linguists—Seyidov, Shiraliyev, Bayramov, Rustamov, Huseynzade, & Veliyeva. The subject matter of phraseology was very interesting to most linguists, however, it was impossible to originate a single theory on phraseology.

In this article we have touched upon the main terms used in phraseology, such as, set expression, idiom, set phrase, fixed word-groups, word-equivalent, phraseological unit, etc. These terms are defined differently by some scholars. Connotational and denotational meanings of phraseological units are described discussed here. Besides, three approaches to the study of phraseological units (semantic approach, functional approach, contextual approach) are discussed in details.
INICIATIVAS DE DEMOCRACIA DIGITAL: A CIDADANIA POR MEIO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Dos Santos Jorge Ubirajara da Luz , Corso Kathiane Benedetti , Behr Ariel
Published: July 2016

O constante avanço das tecnologias de informação – aliado a popularização dos mecanismos que as proporcionam – promove mudanças nas mais diversas áreas do cotidiano, desde o ambiente individual ao coletivo. Junto ao avanço promovido pela tecnologia está o anseio da população por meios de participação e representação mais próximos do Estado e da própria sociedade, que fazem surgir o emprego de instrumentos para corrigir, complementar ou reforçar aspectos políticos dos governos e dos próprios cidadãos. Têm-se, então, novos métodos e processos com potencial para participação cidadã: a democracia digital. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa buscou identificar as iniciativas de Democracia Digital para a participação cidadã na esfera pública. Para tal propósito, optou-se por realizar um estudo exploratório, através de um levantamento das iniciativas de Democracia Digital em sites brasileiros, no qual se procurou apontar as contribuições para a participação cidadã e descrever as ferramentas proporcionadas por essas iniciativas, com base nos requisitos democráticos para um projeto de democracia digital.
Antropocæne monstre og vidundere. Kartofler, samarbejdsformer og globale forbindelser i et dansk ruinlandskab
Authors: Hastrup Frida , Brichet Nathalia
Published: July 2016

Med afsæt i forarbejdningen af kartofler til avanceret kartoffelstivelse i et område af Jylland, der tidligere lagde grund til udvinding af brunkul, udforsker vi i denne artikel former for liv på en stærkt industrialiseret jord. Gennem en kulturanalyse i jordhøjde i et særligt menneskeskabt landskab viser vi, at jyske kartofler har alt muligt at gøre med vingummi, brunkulsudvinding, hjorte, asiatiske nudler, parmesanost og frembringelsen af nye forbindelser i verden. Ved at rette blikket mod sådanne forbindelser i et landskab gennemgribende formet af ressourceudvinding, diskuterer vi muligheder for forskellige arters sameksistens og retter blikket mod både monstrøse og vidunderlige effekter af industriel virksomhed. Begrebet antropocæn bruger vi til at undersøge det menneskeskabte brunkulslandskab som en mangetydig økologi sammensat af både planlagte og løbske elementer.
Medskabelse og inklusion på et museum - fortællinger om hvordan et sted i forstaden bliver til
Authors: Egholk Kirsten
Published: July 2016

Det kulturhistoriske museums samarbejde, inklusion og medskabelse med så bred en vifte af borgere som muligt er et centralt fokus på museerne i det 21. århundrede. Artiklen giver eksempler på et museums metoder til forskellige former for inddragelse af borgerne som eksempelvis medkuratorer og medproducenter af kulturhistoriske udstillinger. Udgangspunktet er Greve Museums arbejde med at forske i, indsamle og formidle forstadens liv og kulturhistorie i perioden fra 1960'erne og frem til nyeste tid og hvordan fortællinger om et sted skabes i en dialog med mange forskellige interessenter.
„Ju ben een creol waer-waer“
Authors: Roland Troels Peter
Published: July 2016

Den sociale situation omkring kreolsproget i Dansk Vestindien imellem 1750 og 1850 omfattede på slaveriets vilkår både den karibiske kreolkulturs fællesskab mellem sorte og hvide og samtidig indre modsætninger og ambivalens, hvis tilhørende sociale strategier og deres konsekvenser for sprogfællesskabet artiklen undersøger nærmere.
Biomarcadores sanguíneos de cavalos após ingestão de milho processado de diferentes formas ou farelo de algaroba
Authors: Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Manso Helena Emília , Maria da Silva Aline Emmanuelle , Alves Santiago Tito , Alves Craveiro de Almeida Telga Lucena , Robles Reis Duarte Sílvia , Cordeiro Manso Filho Hélio
Published: July 2016

Esse experimento objetivou determinar a variação de diferentes biomarcadores sanguíneos após a ingestãode milho, sob diferentes tipos de processamentos, e do farelo da vagem de algaroba (FVA) em equinos em mantença. Foi utilizado um fatorial de cinco animais com cinco tratamentos: milho triturado (M-TR), milho extrusado (M-EX), milho floculado (M-FL), milho umedecido (M-UM) e FVA. Após 15 dias de suplementação, amostras de sangue foram colhidas com animais em jejum e 0,5; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5 e 6 horas após a suplementação. Foram determinadas as concentrações de glicose [GLIC], proteína plasmática total [PPT], hematócrito, ureia [UREIA], creatinina [CREAT], colesterol total [COLES-T] e triglicérides [TRIG]. Os resultados foramsubmetidos à ANOVA (P<0,01) e ao teste Tukey, como teste post hoc (P<0,05). Ocorreram variações na fase dacolheita de sangue, tratamento e na interação fase/tratamento para a [GLIC] e [PPT] (P<0,01). Os parâmetros [UREIA], [CREAT] e [COLES-T] foram significativos nos tratamentos e os [CREAT], [COLES-T] e [TRIG] paraa interação fase/tratamento (P<0,01). O FVA apresentou maiores [GLIC] (~8,0mml/L) e PPT (~6,9g/dL) e o M-TR as mais baixas [GLIC] (~4,6mmol/L), [PPT] (~6,2g/dL), [COLE-T] (~1,3mmol/L), [UREIA] (~3,5mmol/L) e [CREAT] (~57μmol/L). Ainda, FVA apresentou maiores [GLIC] no pico (~11mmol/L) e 6,0 horas (~6,7mmol/L), além de apresentar a maior área sob a curva (~58), diferentemente do M-TR, que apresentou menores máxima (~5,4mmol/L) e área sob a curva (~32) (P<0,05). Conclui-se que o tipo de processamento modifica a concentração de alguns biomarcadores utilizados na nutrição equina e que o FVA é capaz de produzir variações mais elevadas quando comparado com o milho sob diferentes formas de processamento.
Efeito do período de suplementação de ractopamina na dieta em relação à qualidade da carne suína
Authors: Amin Melissa , Kiefer Charles , Ferreira de Lara Jorge Antonio , Alves Marçal Danilo , Caetano de Abreu Rodrigo , Puhl Rodrigues Gabriela , Da Silva Alencar Stephan Alexander , Barbosa de Freitas Henrique
Published: July 2016

Realizou-se este trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do período de suplementação da ractopamina nadieta sobre a qualidade da carne suína. Foram utilizados 48 suínos híbridos comerciais, machos castrados, compeso inicial de 65,85±4,34kg e peso final de 96,49±1,69kg. Os animais foram distribuídos em delineamentode blocos completos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições de dois animais cada. Foramavaliadas amostras de carne provenientes de suínos alimentados com dietas sem qualquer suplementação(controle) ou suplementadas com 20ppm de ractopamina por um período de 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias pré-abate.Foram avaliados pH, capacidade de retenção de água, cor, força de cisalhamento e oxidação. Verificou-se que asuplementação de 20mg/kg de ractopamina durante 28 e 35 dias aumenta a força de cisalhamento da carnesuína. A suplementação de 20 mg/kg de ractopamina durante sete dias reduz a luminosidade (L*) da carne. Osdemais parâmetros qualitativos da carne suína não são influenciados pela ractopamina.
Fortalecimento do Fórum Municipal de Economia Solidária: um estudo de caso
Authors: Aparecido de Oliveira José , Zazula Beatriz Marilene
Published: July 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar se o Fórum Municipal de Economia Solidária de São José dos Pinhais – Paraná está promovendo o fortalecimento e a consolidação do movimento da Economia Solidária no referido município. Os Fóruns de Economia Solidária são compreendidos como um espaço e um instrumento de articulação da sociedade civil, que possibilitam atividades como formação, informação e planejamento de estratégia conjunta para intervenção em políticas públicas. A pesquisa se constituiu em um estudo de caso e teve como participantes os integrantes do Fórum, a saber: os empreendimentos econômicos solidários, os gestores públicos e as entidades de apoio. Os dados secundários foram abordados por meio de consultas a documentos de domínio público, denominados de Atas referentes às 15 reuniões ordinárias do Fórum em questão, no período de 09/2009 a 02/2011. Os dados primários foram coletados por meio de observações assistemáticas realizadas durante as reuniões. Para o tratamento dos dados, empregaram-se procedimentos descritivo-qualitativos. As análises dos dados coletados demonstraram que os empreendimentos têm forte presença nas reuniões, sendo identificada a comercialização como a demanda pertinente para os mesmos. Conclui-se que os empreendimentos econômicos solidários estão se fortalecendo, constituindo-se em atores que ajudam a construir sua própria história; no entanto, ainda fortemente orientados para o atendimento de suas necessidades imediatas como o escoamento da produção. Percebeu-se que as questões relativas ao debate político e estratégico do movimento da Economia Solidária no Município ainda não têm o devido espaço no Fórum enquanto proposta de um movimento contrário ao sistema econômico vigente
ESTUDO DE VALIDADE DO TESTE STROOP DE CORES E PALAVRAS PARA CONTROLE INIBITÓRIO
Authors: Brandelero Vanessa , Marco de Toni Plinio
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um estudo de validade de critério do teste Stroop de Cores ePalavras, para controle inibitório, na população de Curitiba e região metropolitana. Para isso foramrealizados estudos, com três amostras, contendo, no total 234 participantes entre 18 a 63 anos de ambos ossexos. O primeiro estudo verificou a influência de duas versões traduzidas no desempenho dosparticipantes, uma contendo a cor vermelha (red) e a outra a cor rosa (pink), onde constatou-se que nãoexistem diferenças significativas entre os resultados de cada versão. A segunda amostra consistiu emverificar a correlação entre a versão original, em inglês, e as duas versões em português (versão vermelhae versão rosa), sendo constatado, também, que não existem diferenças significativas entre as correlaçõesdas duas versões. Por fim, a terceira amostra consistiu na aplicação do Teste Stroop de Cores e Palavras,juntamente com o Teste de Trilhas e a Escala de Impulsividade de Barratt, para verificar se os dadosestatísticos indicariam correlações estatisticamente significativas entre esses três testes que avaliam oconstructo. O último estudo indicou que não existem correlações significativas entre os instrumentos,evidenciando a ausência de validade deste instrumento para a avaliação de controle inibitório.
Alteridade e embrião humano: o rosto como exigência ética de acolhimento do outro
Authors: Alves Marcos Alexandre , Sallin Edson
Published: July 2016

Discutiremos neste artigo, os temas da alteridade e do embrião humano. A partir do ponto de vista ético, mostraremos que o embrião humano é portador de um sentido, possui um rosto que carece proteção e acolhimento em sua condição existencial. Dividimos o artigo em três pontos: inicialmente, apresentamos o embrião como possuidor de vida desde a sua concepção, momento em que se estabelece o instante da existência da humana. Posteriormente, refletimos sobre a categoria rosto como exigência ética que expressa o imperativo “tu não matarás”, segundo a perspectiva do filósofo Emmanuel Lévinas. Por fim, defendemos que o embrião humano, dado à sua condição de vulnerabilidade, manifesta a desmedida do outro enquanto outro, isto é, a alteridade absoluta que necessita e suplica acolhimento responsável e incondicional.
Hacia una ética de liberación para la traducción bíblica
Authors: Voth Esteban
Published: July 2016

El presente estudio intenta analizar el tema de ética y la traducción bíblica, al ver cuidadosamente situaciones específicas tomadas de la vida real. Dentro de la metodología de estudio de casos, se abordan dos realidades principales: ideología y mercadotecnia. El estudio ahonda en las presiones e influencias que estas realidades ejercen sobre el proceso de la traducción bíblica. La traducción bíblica nunca está totalmente libre deestas dos presiones inminentes y por lo tanto la ética de la traducción bíblica afectada por ambas. Como meta final, el estudio busca proponer una ética de traducción bíblica que sea flexible pero, a la vez, liberadora. Lo que aqui se propone es que la necesidad humana debe ser colocada al frente y al centro del desarrollo y articulación de toda ética de la traducción bíblica.
Traduções bíblicas católicas no Brasil (2000-2015)
Authors: Konings Konings
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo, apresenta-se o que houve de novo nas traduções bíblicas católicas e ecumênicas produzidas no Brasil de 2000 a 2015. Constam, neste elenco: Bíblia de Jerusalém, Nova Bíblia Pastoral, Bíblia Sagrada Edição CNBB, Tradução Ecumênicada Bíblia TEB, Bíblia Sagrada Ave-Maria, Bíblia do Peregrino, Bíblia Sagrada Liga de Estudos Bíblicos LEB, Bíblia Sagrada de Aparecia. Mais atenção, porém, é dedicada a uma questão fundamental: a relação entre as traduções semântico-dinâmicas e as traduções formais, ambas julgadas necessárias para o uso comunitário, a leitura e o estudo individual da Bíblia. Apontam-se, também, alguns perigos ligados a ambos os tipos de tradução.
O modelo de urbanização brasileiro: notas gerais
Authors: Silva Guimarães Leandro da
Published: July 2016

O texto busca analisar a desigualdade social no Brasil por meio do processo de espacialização dessa mesma desigualdade, nesse sentido, arranha as margens do que se convencionou chamar de modelo de urbanização brasileiro e de como esse mesmo modelo produziu metrópoles gentrificadas e excludentes. Assim, nesse artigo discute-se a exclusão urbana brasileira por meio da consolidação de espaços periféricos, ou, de modo mais genérico, de periferias. O texto em tela é resultado de pesquisas desenvolvidas na Universidade Federal Fluminense em nível de mestrado. Em tal estudo, procurou-se compreender a gênese de um loteamento urbano, localizado no Município de São Gonçalo, estado do Rio de Janeiro, denominado Jardim Catarina, para entender quais as problemáticas socioespaciais que lhe deram origem. Nesse sentido, essa análise torna-se consubstancial para o entendimento das desigualdades sociais e espaciais no Brasil, bem como o papel do Estado como gestor do ordenamento socioespacial do território e principal agente na solução de tais problemas. Espera-se que, com a materialização de um estudo de maior monta, em relação ao qual esse artigo é só um micro trabalho, fiquem evidentes subsídios que contribuam para o arranjo e a cristalização de políticas públicas que deem conta das desigualdades sociais e sirvam para alavancar um país com cidades mais justas e igualitárias.
A gênese do urbano no Oeste Baiano: os núcleos de povoamento e a rede de vilas no século XIX
Authors: Santos Iann Dellano da Silva
Published: July 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os processos que, na fase embrionária, definiram os arranjos espaciais da rede urbana no Oeste Baiano, destacando o papel do núcleo de Barra, que passa a desempenhar a função de principal entreposto comercial da região, desde o período colonial. Apreender o processo inicial de formação de uma rede urbana requer verificar elementos, tais como a origem, a posição geográfica, o tamanho dos núcleos, as funções urbanas, as interações espaciais derivadas dessas funções, por meio do intercâmbio de pessoas, mercadorias, capitais e informações, e a forma espacial embrionária da própria rede urbana (CORRÊA, 2000). A discussão se inicia sobre o processo de ocupação na margem esquerda do rio São Francisco, na porção do estado da Bahia, ocorrido a partir da segunda metade do século XVI (IBGE, 1958), e finaliza identificando a formação embrionária da rede urbana do Oeste Baiano ocorrida no final do século XIX (SANTOS FILHO, 1989).
Quantifying mesoscale‐driven nitrate supply: A case study
Authors: Pidcock Rosalind E. M. , Martin Adrian P. , Painter Stuart. C. , Allen John T. , Srokosz Meric A. , Forryan Alex , Stinchcombe Mark , Smeed David A.
Published: July 2016

The supply of nitrate to surface waters plays a crucial role in maintaining marine life. Physical processes at the mesoscale (~10–100 km) and smaller scale have been advocated to provide a major fraction of the global supply. While observational studies have focused on well‐defined features, such as isolated eddies, the vertical circulation and nutrient supply in a typical 100–200 km square of ocean will involve a turbulent spectrum of interacting, evolving, and decaying features. A crucial step in closing the ocean nitrogen budget is to be able to rank the importance of mesoscale fluxes against other sources of nitrate for surface waters for a representative area of open ocean. While this has been done using models, the vital observational equivalent is still lacking. To illustrate the difficulties that prevent us from putting a global estimate on the significance of the mesoscale observationally, we use data from a cruise in the Iceland Basin where vertical velocity and nitrate observations were made simultaneously at the same high spatial resolution. Local mesoscale nitrate flux is found to be an order of magnitude greater than that due to small‐scale vertical mixing and exceeds coincident nitrate uptake rates and estimates of nitrate supply due to winter convection. However, a nonzero net vertical velocity for the region introduces a significant bias in regional estimates of the mesoscale vertical nitrate transport. The need for synopticity means that a more accurate estimate cannot be simply found by using a larger survey area. It is argued that time series, rather than spatial surveys, may be the best means to quantify the contribution of mesoscale processes to the nitrate budget of the surface ocean.
The water retention curve and relative permeability for gas production from hydrate‐bearing sediments: pore‐network model simulation
Authors: Mahabadi Nariman , Dai Sheng , Seol Yongkoo , Sup Yun Tae , Jang Jaewon
Published: July 2016

The water retention curve and relative permeability are critical to predict gas and water production from hydrate‐bearing sediments. However, values for key parameters that characterize gas and water flows during hydrate dissociation have not been identified due to experimental challenges. This study utilizes the combined techniques of micro‐focus X‐ray computed tomography (CT) and pore‐network model simulation to identify proper values for those key parameters, such as gas entry pressure, residual water saturation, and curve fitting values. Hydrates with various saturation and morphology are realized in the pore‐network that was extracted from micron‐resolution CT images of sediments recovered from the hydrate deposit at the Mallik site, and then the processes of gas invasion, hydrate dissociation, gas expansion, and gas and water permeability are simulated. Results show that greater hydrate saturation in sediments lead to higher gas entry pressure, higher residual water saturation, and steeper water retention curve. An increase in hydrate saturation decreases gas permeability but has marginal effects on water permeability in sediments with uniformly distributed hydrate. Hydrate morphology has more significant impacts than hydrate saturation on relative permeability. Sediments with heterogeneously distributed hydrate tend to result in lower residual water saturation and higher gas and water permeability. In this sense, the Brooks‐Corey model that uses two fitting parameters individually for gas and water permeability properly capture the effect of hydrate saturation and morphology on gas and water flows in hydrate‐bearing sediments.
Mantle transition zone structure beneath the Changbai volcano: Insight into deep slab dehydration and hot upwelling near the 410 km discontinuity
Authors: Tian You , Zhu Hongxiang , Zhao Dapeng , Liu Cai , Feng Xuan , Liu Ting , Ma Jincheng
Published: July 2016

We study the detailed mantle transition zone structure beneath the active Changbai intraplate volcano in Northeast China by using a receiver‐function method. A total of 3005 teleseismic receiver functions recorded by 70 broadband stations are obtained by using a common‐conversion‐point stacking method. For conducting the time‐to‐depth conversion, we use a three‐dimensional velocity model of the study region so as to take into account the influence of structural heterogeneities. Our results reveal significant depth variations of the 410, 520, and 660 km discontinuities. A broad depression of the 410 km discontinuity and a low‐velocity anomaly are revealed beneath the Changbai volcano, which may reflect a large‐scale hot mantle upwelling around the 410 km discontinuity with a positive Clapeyron slope. The 520 km discontinuity is identified clearly, and its uplift occurs above the stagnant Pacific slab. We also find a prominent depression of the 660 km discontinuity, which is elongated along the trend of deep earthquake clusters in a range of 39°N–44°N latitude, and the depression area has a lateral extent of about 400 km. Because the 520 and 660 km discontinuities correspond to positive and negative Clapeyron slopes, respectively, we think that the 520 uplift and the 660 depression are caused by the cold subducting Pacific slab. A part of the Pacific slab may have penetrated into the lower mantle and so caused the large‐scale 660 depression in front of the deep earthquake clusters. Our results also reveal a part of the upper boundary of the subducting Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone.