bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methods of Psychological Assistance in Patients with Facial Nerve Damage
Authors: Rakhmanina A.A.
Published: October 2024

The article presents an analysis of modern studies assessing the effectiveness of various methods aimed at psychological assistance to patients with facial nerve damage. Despite the fact that impaired facial mobility is a serious challenge for a person, the availability of psychological help for patients is very limited. About 70% of patients have symptoms of emotional maladaptation, which are more common in women and are more dependent on the subjective assessment of their condition. Analysis of studies has shown the important role of psychological education of the population about the problems of this clinical group in reducing stigmatization and social fears of patients. In addition, results were found indicating the effectiveness of self-help methods that can replace a one-time consultation with a specialist and ensure the availability of psychological help. Studies of psychotherapeutic intervention are mainly based on methods of the cognitive-behavioral approach, however, they were conducted on small samples that include other nosologies associated with facial lesions. A few studies on group therapy have yielded conflicting results. On the one hand, the developed trainings did not provide improvements in the long term; on the other hand, the group organization of therapeutic activities can have a positive effect on the emotional state of patients. The results obtained indicate the importance of developing protocols and recommendations for providing psychological assistance to patients with damage to the facial nerve, and also indicate the need to develop an evidence-based approach to the care provided.
Unveiling Resistance Mechanisms and Improving Therapeutic Outcomes in Mutant BRAFV600E Cancers
Authors:   , Cavallo Maria , Hartsough Edward J.
Published: October 2024

8% of all human cancers are driven by an activating mutation (V600E/K) in the BRAF protein (Mendiratta et al., 2022), a serine-threonine kinase central to the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. Small molecule inhibitors targeting malignant cells carrying a BRAFV600E mutation (BRAFi) have proven to have clinical efficacy. However, patient response varies across different cancer types, and resistance, whether innate or acquired, is a major challenge. Mutant BRAFV600E is predominantly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) (~60%) and melanomas (~50%) (Owsley et al., 2021). Melanoma patients typically exhibit a significant initial reduction in tumor burden in response to BRAFi treatment. However, resistance is inevitably acquired 6-9 months into treatment (Flaherty et al., 2012). In contrast, patients with PTC respond poorly to BRAFi, indicating an innate resistance. Programmed cell death mechanisms play a role in BRAFi efficacy, and resistance to apoptosis drives relapse in many mutant-BRAF cancers. Therefore, understanding the role of cell death machinery in resistance and relapse could help guide more durable treatment strategies against mutant BRAF cancers. In this study, we investigate the role of programmed cell death mechanisms in providing response to BRAFi in PTC and melanoma models. We first characterize a role for the Bcl-2 family member Mcl-1 in contributing to a failed apoptotic phenotype, which drives innate resistance in BRAFV600E PTC. Additionally, we explore the role of immunogenic cell death in providing anti-tumor immune responses capable of clearing drug-tolerant persisters (DTPs) in a syngeneic mouse model of melanoma brain metastases (MBM). These studies aim to elucidate the mechanisms underlying innate resistance in PTC models and work to combat acquired resistance and minimal residual disease (MRD) in melanoma models. By doing so, we enhance our understanding of therapeutic response to BRAFi, addressing both innate and acquired resistance phenotypes across different mutant BRAFV600E cancers with a goal of contributing to improved treatment outcomes.
Methods of Transscleral Fixation of Intraocular Lenses (Literature Review)
Authors: Hodjaev N. S. , Kislitsyna N. M. , Sulatnova D. M. , Zinchenko V. I.
Published: October 2024

To date, the choice of the optimal method of intraocular lens fixation in patients with weakness of the ligamentous-capsular apparatus of the lens remains an urgent problem of ophthalmic surgery. There are various methods of intraocular lens fixation, including pupillary, iris, sclera in the projection of the ciliary sulcus, anterior chamber fixation and others. The literature review allowed us to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each of the listed methods of intraocular lens fixation. Transscleral fixation is the most physiologic and anatomically correct. The most common variants of suture and sutureless transscleral fixation are discussed in this review. The lack of sufficient evidence on the superiority of this or that method of fixation allows us to continue the search in this direction.
A Theoretical Framework to Measure Social Acceptance of Nuclear Energy among Hungarian Residents
Authors: Bihari Péter
Published: October 2024

Global warming is a pressing issue, but so does economic development and the constantly increasing electricity demand. Governments have to find the balance between conserving the Earth’s atmosphere for future generations and fueling their country’s economy to achieve higher output. Nuclear energy seems like a solid solution for both problems. It can help to replace the fossil fuels in the electricity mix and at the same time reduce CO2 emission, however thanks to the specificities of the technology a lot of people are skeptical about it. The aim of this study is to review the currently available behavioral and technology acceptance models - such as TRA, TPB, TAM, Risk-Benefit Concept, PADM - and based on the results build a new model, that could serve as a basis for a future survey among Hungarian residents related to the acceptance of nuclear energy generation.
Mentoring, coaching and peer-support programs promoting well-being for physicians: A systematic review
Authors: Ellis Mark , Wilson Gwen , Nulan Esme , Day Margaret , McElroy Jane
Published: October 2024

Introduction As many as half of U.S. physicians experience impactful levels of burnout. In early-career physicians, the consequences of burnout are significant with linkage to poor professionalism and patient care. A nurturing peer community and physician mentoring may mitigate against burnout and its associated sequelae; however, such programs for early-career physicians are rare and their impact largely unknown. We aim to synthesize the current literature on the impact of longitudinal mentoring and coaching programs for physicians. Methods The authors searched four bibliographic databases to conduct a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Included studies were published between 01 January 2000 to 30 October 2022 and peer-reviewed articles reporting original research. The review examined associations between either a career mentoring, coaching, or peer support theme and outcomes in the career path of physicians. Results Review of 5528 records yielded 23 articles that met inclusion criteria, with about half describing U.S. programs and half completed since 2017. Of these, 14 studies were of “high” or “medium” quality, 7 studies involved primary care physicians and 3 studies focused only on early-career physicians. In mixed methods studies, participants consistently reported positive experiences from their mentorship involvement and the 8 randomized control or cohort studies also reported positive effects with the mentoring programs. Conclusion Rigorous data supporting the value of mentorship, including the best approach to be used (coaching, mentorship, or peer support) is lacking. However, a growing database of quality studies affirms physician mentoring as important to physician retention, wellbeing and quality healthcare delivery.
Bacteria related to health public in the air dust and precipitate outdoors of Morelia, Michoacán, México
Authors: Yáñez Juan
Published: October 2024

The air outside contains suspended dust particles to which due to the adherent microorganisms, it causes respiratory health problems and a potential adhering of enteric pathogens in humans. In suspended or precipitated dust these microorganisms survive depending on the environmental conditions: solar radiation, temperature and rain. The objectives of this research were to analyze Gram-positive and enteric bacteria in suspended and precipitated dust from outdoor air in sites with high and low influx of people in Morelia city. Vacuum pump techniques and surface dust collection were used in October to December 2017 at 9 am and 2 pm in the Independence market, Valladolid Squared, City Hall, Ocolusen garden and gardens of the UMSNH. The results indicated the existence of various genera and species of Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermis, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, as well as, genera and species of Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii mainly in the dust precipitated from the outside air, regardless of the intensity of solar radiation and time of day. The common presence of S. epidermis, S. faecalis and E. coli, it is because wind, that is one of the ways in which these microorganisms are mobilized and this support the need for basic sanitary measures to avoid contamination of food and beverages that compromise the health of human beings circulating in these areas. In that sense sanitary authorities must reinforce public measures to prevent health problems associated with suspended and precipitate dust in Morelia city.
Plant and animal calpain functions, association with microtubules and possible medical applications
Authors: Sorteberg Hilde , Evju Espen , Liang Zhe , Fletcher Jennifer
Published: October 2024

Calpains are calcium-activated cysteine proteases that activate a vast variety of substrates by cleavage. First reported in 1964, calpains are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and display disparate multidomain architectures. The term calpainopathy was coined in 1995 when calpains were first linked to cell cycle control and cancer, and since then calpains have been implicated in many additional medical conditions including heart disease, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, sickle cell disease, and various neurological disorders. The evolution of calpains is under active investigation, but the core CysPc cysteine protease domain can be traced back to bacteria and the membrane associated MIT domain to Archaea. Here we review calpain evolution and suggest that the MIT-CysPc domain was present in the first eukaryotic common ancestor, and that this diverged into a minimum of four independent last eukaryotic common ancestors making up diverse groups from animals to land and marine plants. How calpains function at the cellular level is likewise not fully resolved. However, they are recognized to play roles in cell division, adhesion, fusion, proliferation, migration and signaling in animals and to act on stem cell functions via microtubules in land plants. Just recently calpains have also been connected to the microtubule organizing center in land plants and brown algae. We present a possible basic function of calpain domains, their connections to membranes and a possible calcium channel, supported by an updated phylogeny. Finally, we provide an overview of human calpains, potential functions and medical conditions to which they are linked and suggest possible development of calpain transcriptomic diagnostics to increase medical precision and treatment. We believe that understanding calpains has promising medical spinoffs and look forward to seeing this field unfold in the years to come.
Ligand-Free Signaling of G Protein Coupled Receptors: Addressing Unresolved questions with Antagonist Probes and Genomics
Authors: Sadee Wolfgang
Published: October 2024

G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) exist each in multiple forms and aggregates distributed across various cell compartments, signaling along multiple pathways upon activation by agonists. In addition, pervasive ligand-free GPCR signaling also occurs with multiple functional states. I propose three distinct ligand-free receptor categories: first, low level slippage into active forms (‘spontaneous basal signaling’); second, ‘acutely activated ligand-free signaling’ which sustains signaling after the agonist has dissociated from the receptor; and third, ‘sustained ligand-free signaling’ that is regulated to sustain cellular responses. Studies of the µ opioid receptor differentiate these three receptor forms and suggest that continued agonist stimulation can lead to sustained ligand-free signaling with a role in opioid dependence. The serotonin 5HT2A receptor also appears to support ligand-free signaling of physiological and pharmacological relevance. Yet, systematic studies of distinct ligand-free receptor forms are scarce. Sustained ligand-free signaling can arise from various mechanisms, such as tethered extracellular peptide regions of GPCRs stabilizing an active receptor-G protein state, demonstrated with the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor GLP1R. Accurate assays are needed to measure ligand-free signaling along specific pathways, localized to cellular sub-compartments. Neutral antagonists (no effect on ligand-free signaling) and inverse agonists (block ligand-free signaling) distinguish between the various forms of ligand-free signaling and can lead to distinct therapeutic applications, highlighted with opioid, serotonin, and peptide hormone receptors, targeting pain, depression and schizophrenia, and metabolic disorders. GPCR mutations that activate or suppress ligand-free signaling reveal (patho)physiological functions, but genetic effects on distinct ligand-free receptor signaling pathways are largely unresolved. Clarifying ligand-free signaling pathways of GPCRs has the potential to uncover hidden disease risk factors and novel targets for therapeutic interventions.
Deepening Understanding of Browning’s Strategy: Emergence of an Integrative Strategic Model for Family Therapy
Authors: Hull Rachel , Browning Scott , Abrams Zoey , Sirianni Noah , Parrish Nelson , Klinger Julia
Published: October 2024

Operationalization of strategic therapy remains something of a mystery. While numerous models utilize aspects of strategic therapy, or incorporate a few interventions that were articulated by the initial strategic thinkers, there is no single accepted version of strategic therapy. Scott Browning was fortunate to be at the Kaiser Pleasanton Psychiatric Unit as an intern in 1985. Mental Research Institute (MRI) scholars, Dick Fisch and John Weakland, would come to the unit and participate in live supervision. This unit had the explicit mission of incorporating MRI treatment (possibly the purest strategic model) to the entire caseload of a large psychiatric practice. Prior to working as an intern at Kaiser Pleasanton, Browning was a research therapist at the Redwood Center, where he was part of a Milan Systemic Therapy team. So, by the time Browning arrived at Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic for his post-doctoral fellowship, he was already steeped in two strategic models. While he enjoyed learning Structural Family Therapy at the clinic where it was created by Minuchin, he realized that he had already formed a very clear strategic approach to treatment. This article is Hull’s1 extension of her article that began the process of elucidating Browning’s clinical approach with an emphasis on what makes his interventions strategic. At times in history, strategic therapy ventured too close to active manipulation with the use of directional paradox (see Browning et al.2), but that is not in the nature of the treatment itself. When therapists recognize that people are stuck and need a new perspective to move forward, strategic thinking is often at play.
The Efficacy, Safety, and Economic Outcomes of Using Azithromycin in Both Upper & Lower Respiratory Tract Infection: A Health Technology Assessment
Authors: Swami Dr. Onkar
Published: October 2024

Background: Azithromycin is widely used for the treatment of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) due to its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and preferred safety profile. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness and societal benefits of azithromycin therapy in RTIs. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Google scholar and Cochrane libraries database was searched for relevant studies published from 1990 to present. The population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study design (PICO) framework guided study selection criteria. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, and economic evaluations assessing safety, efficacy, and cost outcomes of azithromycin therapy in RTIs, specifically upper respiratory tract infections. Data extraction and screening were performed by two independent researchers, with discrepancies resolved by a third researcher. Results: Efficacy evaluation included systematic reviews and meta-analysis comparing azithromycin with other antibiotics. Azithromycin demonstrated superior clinical and comparable efficacy to alternative treatments. Safety analysis indicated that azithromycin had fewer adverse effects, although results varied across studies. Cost-effectiveness analysis revealed that azithromycin was consistently most cost-effective option, with lower direct and indirect costs compared to alternative treatments. Azithromycin's shorter treatment duration also led to reduced healthcare resource utilization, reduced sickness absenteeism, improvement in work and daily activities thereby mitigating overall societal costs Conclusion: Azithromycin exhibits a favorable risk-benefit profile in management of Upper RTIs, supported by its superior clinical efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness compared to alternative antimicrobials. Its shorter treatment duration contributes to reduced hospitalization periods and societal costs, making it a valuable therapeutic option for URTIs.
Reducing the Burden of Dementia by Using the Talking Mats® Framework to Help People with Dementia and their Carers Communicate More Effectively
Authors: Murphy Murphy
Published: October 2024

Communication is the most fundamental requirement for human interaction. As dementia advances through the different stages of the illness, communication between the person with dementia and their carers becomes more problematic. This paper discusses the importance, and defines the problem, of communication for people with dementia and their carers. It then outlines a seminal research project which determined how effective Talking Mats, an innovative communication tool, is for people at different stages of dementia. Additional Talking Mats projects are then summarised. They demonstrate how the use of Talking Mats can reduce the burden of dementia, including how Talking Mats helps decision making and self-management for couples living with dementia and how Talking Mats can be used positively by staff in a long-stay hospital. Publications by other researchers are also referred to. Finally, this paper offers implications for clinical practice and policy.
An autopsy case of EBV-positive CD8+ T cell lymphoma after allogeneic transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells
Authors: Hara Yukiko , Iguchi Rinako , Kuroda Junya
Published: October 2024

An autopsy case of CD8+ T cell lymphoma after allogenic transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) is presented. A 57-year-old man was first diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on a biopsy of an inguinal lymph node. The disease progressed with poor response to chemotherapy, and pathological diagnosis was reviewed. The revised diagnosis was angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) with secondary development of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The patient died 114 days post-allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and an autopsy was performed. EBV-positive CD8+ cells were systematically observed in organs, including the liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tracts, and lungs. Liver injury was also apparent with sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) / veno-occlusive disease (VOD), causing splenomegaly. Southern blot analysis of peripheral blood cells revealed the presence of monoclonal EBV DNA, indicating monoclonal expansion of EBV-positive CD8+ cells. The present case uniquely displayed EBV-positive T-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), with monoclonal expansion of CD8+ cells. Although its pathophysiology is not fully understood, this is a typical and precious case of posttransplant EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma, designated in the upcoming WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumours, 5th edition.
B-cell maturation in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL): Development of secondary diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is likely associated with Attygalle patterns II and III
Authors: Hara Yukiko , Hayashino Aya , Kuroda Junya
Published: October 2024

The pathology of an inguinal lymph node, diagnosed as angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) with secondary development of EB virus (EBV)-related diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), is analyzed in detail. The AITL lymph node was divided into three pathological areas, A, B, and C, corresponding to Attygalle Patterns I, II, and III. Development of DLBCL was observed at the areas B-C boundaries, corresponding to Patterns II and III. This likely indicated excessive B-cell maturation by neoplastic follicular helper T (TFH) cells. Although the mechanisms of DLBCL development in AITL are unclear, B-cell maturation is likely enhanced by neoplastic TFH, leading to germinal center disruption. Attygalle’s patterns are important in evaluating both T-cell and B-cell activities.
Digenic analysis confirms known and uncovers novel schizophrenia risk genes
Authors: Ning Jian , Wang Xingyu , Ott Jurg
Published: October 2024

Based on an Ashkenazy Jewish case-control cohort for schizophrenia, we carried out (1) genetic association analysis for one variant at a time (GWAS) and (2) digenic analysis by comparing frequencies of genotype pairs between cases and controls. To control for genetic heterogeneity between sexes, we analyzed males and females separately. After pruning of variants in each of males and females, single-variant allelic analysis furnished 9 and 8 statistically significant variants in males and females, respectively, with 3 of these variants being significant in both males and females. Of the 14 distinct variants in males and females, 5 (36%) reside in genes. For digenic analysis, we evaluated all pairs of variants and, for a given variant pair, all nine genotype pairs. For each genotype pair, we applied the Fisher exact test to evaluate whether the given genotype pair was more frequent in cases than controls. We found 76 significant genotype pairs, comprising 36 distinct variants, 20 (56%) of which reside in genes, with many of which being known risk genes, thus lending credence to our approach.
Healthcare Leadership: Leading Organizational Change Management for Radiation Oncology Practices
Authors: Paul Jijo
Published: October 2024

Leading the organizational change process in healthcare requires a clear vision, effective communication, and deep involvement. The team leaders effectively lead the proposed organizational changes that begin from the top executive level, involve organizational layers, engage stakeholders, perform assessments, and adapt the changes as a new norm. Experienced leaders gathered various decision alternatives from numerous communications with the stakeholders and rapidly implemented the workflow adaptations efficiently in oncology practice organizations. They identified multiple attributes of alternatives for cancer patient management in healthcare institutions without compromising treatment outcomes. Good leaders easily recognize and exclude information bias influences to eliminate impacts on decision-making. Healthcare executive members, leaders, administrators, managers, physicians, physicists, and nurses are reliable sources of information for change management in oncology. Various business analysis models, such as SWOT analysis, Porter's five forces framework, FMEA, etc., can measure organizational strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Conducting detective and preventive actions helps reduce the accepted risks' impacts on radiation oncology practices. An excellent action plan can be used to compare the completed system process to its initial requirements and directly support fostering enhancement efforts by steering actions. Task analysis helps track the follow-up actions to achieve final objectives, and continuous monitoring is considered a valuable feedback tool.
Plain old balloon angioplasty for severe coronary artery stenosis caused by Kawasaki disease in a young child with a new aneurysm in the remote stage: a case report
Authors: Watanabe Makoto
Published: October 2024

Our patient was a 12-year-old girl who was diagnosed with Kawasaki disease at 6 months of age, which was refractory to treatment. One month after its onset, bilateral coronary artery aneurysms were confirmed via echocardiography. A stenotic lesion was then observed in the proximal portion of the aneurysm, located in the left anterior descending branch (LAD). At 2 years of age, the patient underwent plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) to treat the 99% stenosis in the LAD caused by coronary artery lesions (CALs) resulting from Kawasaki disease. This improved her stenosis to 25%. Thereafter, she was treated with aspirin and candesartan and experienced no notable symptoms or cardiovascular events. However, cardiac catheterization at 12 years of age revealed a new giant aneurysm at the POBA site. POBA represents an effective treatment method for treating myocardial ischemia in CALs after Kawasaki disease and can be safely performed in children. However, identification of new aneurysms after POBA is an important concern; hence, low-pressure dilation is recommended in this patient group. Despite the low-pressure dilatation performed in this case, a new aneurysm was found almost 10 years after the POBA was performed. Most new aneurysms form within 1 year after POBA; however, because new aneurysms can form even after 10 years, careful long- term follow-up is warranted.
A spacecraft observing the situation in outer space model as an element of an aerospace monitoring and control system
Authors: Zhukov A.О. , Prihodko D.V. , Aldohina V.N. , Gogolevskiy A.S. , Galich R.N.
Published: October 2024

Annotation Formulation of the problem. The massive number of small-sized spacecraft being launched determines the relevance of the availability of spacecraft monitoring the situation in outer space with high indicators of research capabilities. Qualitative modeling of the process of functioning of the monitoring and control system of aerospace involves the creation of a model of a spacecraft monitoring the situation in outer space, taking into account its operating modes. Existing models of such devices do not provide for imitation of the process of approaching the object of observation in order to conduct its research, without which it is impossible to obtain reliable data on the functioning of the monitoring system as a whole. Target. Development of a model of a spacecraft observing the situation in outer space. Results. It is shown that, knowing the position of the spacecraft observing the situation in outer space and the object of observation at the initial moment of time, it is possible to determine the momentum required to maneuver into the area where the object of observation is located. A priori data on the reserve of the characteristic velocity and statistical data on the use of a spacecraft observing the situation in outer space will be criteria for determining the possibility of research. Practical significance. Simulation of the functioning of the spacecraft monitoring the situation in outer space provides reliable initial data for modeling the monitoring and control system of the aerospace.
Measure of the residual operating life of items: calculation, estimation and limit values
Authors: Sаdykhov G.S. , Savchenko V.P. , Kudryavtseva S.S.
Published: October 2024

To estimate the operating life value of non-restorable items within a time interval longer than the duration of the pre-production period, but less than the time of the beginning of the aging process, the use of the indicators "gamma-percentile operating life " and "mean operating life" is incorrect. The task is to determine a new operating life measure. Goal. Derive a formula for calculating the operating life measure for non-restorable items. To investigate the properties of the entered measure. Prove calculation formulas, estimates and limit values for the entered measure. The measure of the operating life of non-restorable items has been determined. The properties of the introduced measure are investigated. The presented formula for calculating the measure is correct for any law of operating life allocation. Formulas for interpolation and extrapolation estimates of the measure, limit values of the mean residual operating life for various laws of operating life allocation of the item, the marginal reserve factor, as well as statistical (point) estimates of the introduced measure are presented and proved. Examples of calculating the mean residual operating life of the item, the limit value of the mean residual operating life of the reliability function of the item given by a mixture of exponential distributions, statistical (point) estimation of the mean residual operating life for similar items are given.
A technique for presenting initial data for constructing descriptive matrices in order to assess the state of processes, phenomena, and objects
Authors: Gavrilov A.D. , Sukhov V.V. , Rakhmatulin A.M. , Smirnov A.N. , Berger E.G. , Khanychev V.V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents a methodology for presenting initial data using descriptive matrices characterizing the object of observation in order to algorithmize procedures for processing the results of measured indicators and making decisions based on them about the state of the object or system. The construction of descriptive matrices is based on graph theory, which is used to synthesize a descriptive-time model. Two types of models are used for a formalized description of the process under study: a discrete-time model and models based on the theory of random graphs. The main stage in the development of a descriptive-temporal model of the process is the construction of a hierarchical tree, for which the apparatus of graph theory is used, which makes it possible to visually represent the interrelated elements of the system, taking into account their functional dependence and time indicators, as well as the distribution of elements by some classes. The final result of the performed representations is a reference matrix of states for each stage of the functioning of the process under study, which is a set of string vectors describing the states of the system taking into account binary values. The approach used makes it possible to simplify the procedure for determining the state of a complex organizational and technical system and to present the essence of the phenomenon under study when considering technological processes or evaluating the state of operability of technical means. The proposed method of presenting the initial data for constructing descriptive matrices in order to assess the state of an object (a complex organizational and technical system) can significantly reduce the time spent on processing the results characterizing the state of the process under study, increase the reliability and objectivity of the result of such an assessment, as well as create a database for predicting trends in the development of the process. The application of the proposed approach is possible in decision support systems on the current state of a complex organizational and technical system and forecasting its development based on automated processing of measurement results.
Model for multicriteria evaluation of transport network routes
Authors: Ekhlakov R.S. , Zhukov A.О. , Sudakov V.A.
Published: October 2024

Annotation Formulation of the problem. The article discusses the problem of searching and calculating criteria that take into account economic, social, weather, safety and other factors that influence the calculation and selection of alternatives in the transport network. Target. The purpose of the study is to consider modern research on multicriteria analysis and the problem of calculating and choosing a rational alternative among various routes based on the subjective opinion of the decision maker. The result can be obtained using modern methods of multi-criteria analysis including analysis of criteria based on expert opinions, calculation of the weight of criteria, search for alternatives and a final recommendation. The proposed model includes a subjective assessment of criteria by the decision maker and the calculation of alternatives using the graphical interface of a mobile application. Results. The result of the work done is the calculation of alternative routes laid from the point of departure to the point of arrival, their ranking according to the weight of criteria and the provision of recommendations on the most rational route. As an improvement to this model, other quantitative and qualitative criteria can be considered that can be analyzed mathematically contain more data about each alternative and take into account the opinions of more experts. Practical significance. The practical significance of the work lies in the introduction of a multi-criteria methodology for ranking alternative routes, taking into account both the congestion of the road graph and criteria related to the convenience and safety of movement. It is important to note the flexibility of the proposed model, which consists in an unlimited number of criteria taken into account and other areas of use. Changing the weight of criteria occurs by moving up and down relative to other criteria using the mobile application. The proposed methodology can be applied both to the transport network and to other network structures described by various criteria. The current research problem based on actual historical data used in forecasting models, the availability of current data on the number of participants in the transport network influencing each other and the overall congestion condition and ultimately influencing the calculation of alternatives and the proposed solution.
Development of a service for analysis and selection of collective investment instruments for unqualified investors
Authors: Teteneva O.A. , Kochkarov R.A. , Ryabov P.E.
Published: October 2024

Today, the prevalent issue of insufficient knowledge in independently selecting investment instruments is relevant for private investors. First, this arises because analytical services expect users to possess professional knowledge in economics and finance. Novice investors, especially, face difficulties when analyzing collective investment instruments, as various in-vestment funds often have similar structures. This resemblance significantly complicates the selection process compared to individual investment decisions. Consequently, there is a necessity to develop a service that offers a simple method for comparing multiple instruments. Goal – optimize the process of selecting collective investment instruments for investors who lack professional financial and economic expertise. The development of a solution concept and the implementation of a service that assists non-professional participants on the investment market in selecting collective investment instruments for future investments without acquiring additional competencies. Increasing the interest of private investors in collective investment instruments, as well as enhancing financial analysis knowledge through the provision of step-by-step algorithms for analyzing instruments.
Research and development of methods for assessing and optimizing information processes based on the exchange of information between the user and the neural network when writing Unit tests
Authors: Panov M.A. , Imranova D.T. , Krasilov S.A.
Published: October 2024

The problem posed in this study is the need to assess the prospects for using fully automated methods for developing code testing tools and their relationship with traditional approaches based on developer participation. This is caused by a number of issues and problems, such as efficiency, cost, speed of development and reliability of the final software product. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prospects for using fully automated methods for developing code testing tools and their relationship with traditional approaches based on developer participation. During the work, a reference result of a request to a neural network was generated using the competencies of an experienced Java developer. An experiment was conducted, the data obtained from which was sufficient to form an average result of code coverage with unit tests using neural network queries. Comparisons were made and the average results of the developer and the neural network were calculated, and conclusions were drawn. The results of this study can help developers determine the most effective methods for testing and implementing automation, which will speed up the software development process. Using more reliable and efficient testing methods can improve the quality of the final product and reduce the number of errors and defects.
Textbook on Naturopathy and Yoga Treatment
Authors: Shukla Dr. Dinesh Kumar
Published: October 2024

It is clear from the name "Text Book of Naturopathy and Yoga Treatment” that it deals with preparing naturopathy holders to become good naturopathy educators. Considering the transnational acceptance of the naturopathy profession, each chapter is written with an international perspective. The simple explanations followed in this text book with adequate and suitable examples can enable learning subject to be more understandable and interesting to the naturopathy community. The author used authentic sources to prepare this book.
Advanced diagnostic techniques in oral pathology: A review
Authors: Khanam Wajiha , Jehan Ayeda , Anjum Rubeena , Vijay Pradakhshana , Singh Priyanka , Raj Ruchika
Published: October 2024

Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world today. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) typically occur before oral cancer, although it can be difficult to predict if an OPMD will progress to cancer. Oral cancer typically receives less public attention than systemic cancers such as lung cancer, colon cancer, etc. Even with an early diagnosis, these lesions may be fatal if left untreated. The prognosis for effective treatment is improved by early diagnosis. The diagnostic tools available to identify oral cancer in its early stages have advanced in a number of ways. This study aims to dissect the cutting-edge methods for early detection of oral cancer.
Osteoporotic alterations of mandible in aged women using panoramic radiograph: A multicentric study
Authors: Vishnurao Sowmya Gujjar , Rao Roopa S , Kumar Pradeep , Pandarathodiyil Anitha Krishnan
Published: October 2024

Osteoporosis is a pandemic, chronic, silent skeletal condition that can cause bone fractures and possibly disability if left untreated. In clinical practice, it frequently goes unnoticed until a fracture develops. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate visually the diagnostic efficacy of panoramic-based mandibular cortex index and trabecular patterns in aged women.

Archival Panoramic radiographs of 800 aged women were examined and narrowed to controls (114) and study patients (116). Panoramic-based index i.e., mandibular cortical thickness, and trabecular patterns were visually evaluated.

Dense homogeneous trabeculation and sparse trabeculation were found to be more sensitive and specific on the right side when evaluating Region of Interest 1, while Region of Interest 2 revealed sparse trabeculation. Mandibular Cortical Index in study patients revealed Osteoporotic MCI to be statistically significant when comparing the control. Overall, the control group had a statistically significantly higher Normal MCI (100%), Osteopenia MCI (76.5%), and dense homogeneous trabeculation (100%) score of the right mandibular cortex index than the study group.

Indicators from panoramic radiography may be helpful in triage screening procedures to detect osteoporosis.
Metal reinforced single complete maxillary overdenture: A case report
Authors: Muchandi Aditya C , Puttaraj T K  , Siddharth B  , Arati H  , Begum Farhana
Published: October 2024

Treatment with a single complete denture prosthesis presents the clinician with several challenges that require appropriate assessment and planning. The recommendation of such treatment can be conditioned by a wide variety of conditions that often jeopardize success if the opposing jaw is not treated optimally. Although dentists generally use heat-curing denture base acrylics as the denture base, individual full dentures made of this material often break off in contrast to the natural dentition. In such cases, opting for a metal denture base as an alternative treatment option offers many advantages. This case report describes the step-by-step fabrication of a single complete denture with a metal denture base.
Artificial intelligence in periodontics: Transforming the future of periodontal care
Authors: Vinayaka Ambujakshi Manjunatha
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across various medical fields, including dentistry. In periodontics, AI offers the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, optimize treatment planning, and provide predictive analytics for disease progression. By leveraging machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and computer vision techniques, AI is reshaping how clinicians approach periodontal care. This review explores the current and future applications of AI in periodontics, from diagnostics to personalized treatment strategies.
Strategies for managing and addressing challenges in individuals with bipolar affective disorder: A comparison between genders
Authors: Dahal Tshetiz , Abraham Jeby
Published: October 2024

Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) is a mental health condition characterized by episodes that can vary in duration and intensity of remission. Individuals affected by BPAD often face challenges in managing daily stressors, even when employing various coping and problem-solving techniques. Furthermore, individuals of different genders experiencing BPAD may exhibit distinct approaches to coping and resolving problems.

The objective of the study was to evaluate gender differences in coping strategies and problem-solving abilities among individuals diagnosed with Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD).

This research employed a cross-sectional descriptive design, utilizing a purposive sampling method to select 80 participants from both inpatient and outpatient departments of a psychiatric hospital in India. Data collection involved the use of a Socio-demographic data sheet, along with the Ways of Coping Skills and Problem-Solving Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were applied to analyze the data in relation to the study's objectives.

The findings indicated no significant gender differences in coping strategies and problem-solving skills among individuals with BPAD. However, the respondents exhibited notably low levels of both coping and problem-solving skills.

The study concludes that individuals of both genders experiencing BPAD demonstrate inadequate coping and problem-solving abilities.
Experience of tenecteplase in acute ischemic stroke from Kutch, Gujarat; Strong interpersonal communication between doctors leads to favorable outcomes
Authors: Shah Gaurav , Shukla Dhara , Dalal Shivani
Published: October 2024

Acute ischemic stroke is a major factor cause of severe morbidity and mortality in general population. Newer modality of treatment like IV thrombolysis has been established to prevent long term complications in this condition within 4.5 hours of symptoms onset. The data regarding IV thrombolysis is limited in rural areas. Various factors like lack of awareness among general population, patients reaching hospital beyond window period, cost of treatment pose difficulty in administration of this treatment. This article presents demographic profile of patients undergoing IV thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke at a hospital from Kutch, Gujarat. This article also highlights the importance of strong interpersonal communication between physician for better outcomes in patients.

The aim of this observational study is to observe demographic profile of patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis and to estimate the factors which might help in favorable patient outcome.

The data was calculated during January 2023 to December 2023. 22 patients were thrombolysed for acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 hours from onset of symptoms. Males were predominant (86.3%), average age of patients was 57.4 years (range 31 – 80 years old). Majority of the strokes were anterior circulation stroke (77.2%). The comorbidities like Diabetes mellitus (36.3%), hypertension (54.5%), dyslipidemia (59%), old coronary artery disease (18%), old cerebro vascular disease (4.5%) were seen. The time from symptom onset to presentation to hospital is approximately 146 minutes. The time from presentation to hospital and IV thrombolysis administration is approximately 49 minutes. 17(77.2%) patients presented to hospital within 3 hours of symptom onset, 13 (59%) underwent IV thrombolysis within 30 minutes of presentation to hospital. Majority of this patients were referred by primary physician to the hospital. Mild stroke (NIHSS < 5) was seen in 1 (4.5%) patient, moderate (NIHSS 5-15) in 11(50%) patients, moderate -severe stroke (NIHSS 15-25)– in 10(45.5%) patients. Large vessel occlusion was seen in 12 (54.5 %), small vessel disease in 4 (18 %), Embolic etiology in 4(18%) and unknown in 2 (9%) of cases. The mean NIHSS at presentation was approximately 16, at 24 hours after IV thrombolysis was approximately 11.3 and after 72 hours of IV thrombolysis is 8.6. Early neurological deficit was seen in 6(27.2%) of cases. 4(18%) of all stroke who underwent thrombolysis required decompression craniotomy. The improving on mRS (grade 0-1) score was found in 16(72.8%) patients at 7 days of thrombolysis.

Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is helpful in acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 hours of onset. Early diagnosis and swift evaluation and management helps in prevention of longterm disability.