bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPE ENGenious Symposium Spotlights the Role of Digital Tech in Industry
Authors: Whitfield Stephen
Published: October 2018

Conference review

The inaugural SPE ENGenious Symposium and Exhibition in Aberdeen brought together some of the brightest minds in digital technology and oil and gas to discuss the industry’s most transformative developments. Speakers examined the strategies and technologies that will shape the industry in a variety of areas, showing how they are being leveraged from the reservoir to the downstream market. Featuring more than 100 speakers, the symposium focused on key areas such as data analytics, automation, robotics, smart communications, and cybersecurity. Speakers came from a range of operators, service companies, and digital tech innovators, such as BP, Shell, SAAB, Saudi Aramco, Total, Schlumberger, and Baker Hughes, a GE company. Following are some highlights from the event.

 

AI Aims To Predict  Operational Behaviors,  Alert of Potential Hazards

Stephen Whitfield, Senior Staff Writer

If you have ever asked a question of Siri on your iPhone, or Google Assistant on your Android, you have some experience with natural-language processing (NLP). If you have ever settled a billing dispute with an automated online assistant, you have some experience with NLP. It is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that deals with the interactions between computers and human language, analyzing the thousands of words we use at any given time to help us draw insights and make decisions.

 

BP and Baker Hughes To Use Big Analytics on All Gulf of Mexico Platforms

Trent Jacobs, Digital Editor

Today, BP’s upstream facilities have an uptime average of 96%. While admirable, the oil company thinks it can do better.

To move the needle BP is in the midst of adopting a new analytics system developed in partnership with Baker Hughes that is fully operational on all four of its offshore platforms in the Gulf of Mexico. The companies call it a plant operations advisor, and it uses a combination of sensor analytics and digital twin technology to drive improvements in productivity and visibility into the state of each platform.

 

Digital Transformations Require Robust Organizational Cultures

Stephen Whitfield, Senior Staff Writer

Operational efficiency is the goal for any oil and gas company, and, to that end, the industry has seen a greater focus on using technology to improve process work flows. But how does this affect the people working in these companies? A panel at the symposium looked at how pre-existing organizational structures can make or break the implementation of new technologies, as well as the people skills and competencies needed to execute a digital work flow transformation.

 

Standardization and Cybersecurity Go Hand in Hand

Stephen Whitfield, Senior Staff Writer

As operators develop assets that rely on intelligent and automated systems, securing the data from those assets will be key to maintaining consistent production. A panel session looked at the role communications standards might play in cybersecurity protocols, as well as the key drivers for the digital oil field.
Mechanical Harvesting and Irrigation Strategy Responses on ‘Arbequina’ Olive Oil Quality
Authors: Rufat Josep , Romero-Aroca Agustí J. , Arbonés Amadeu , Villar Josep M. , Hermoso Juan F. , Pascual Miquel
Published: October 2018

This study describes the effects of mechanical harvesting and irrigation on quality in ‘Arbequina’ olive oil (Olea europaea L.). Irrigation treatments included a control, deficit irrigation (DI) during pit hardening, and subsurface deficit irrigation (SDI). Results showed that mechanical harvesting damaged the olives and reduced olive oil quality by increasing free fatty acids (FFAs) and peroxide value, and by decreasing fruitiness, stability, bitterness, and pungency. DI resulted in increased fruit dry weight and oil content, which could be explained by their reduced crop load (9.3% of crop reduction for DI and 23.9% for SDI). DI did not affect olive oil characteristics, whereas SDI increased stability, fruitiness, and bitterness, and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs). In conclusion, mechanical harvesting tended to damage the fruit, resulting in lower quality olive oil, the DI strategy neither affected fruit nor olive oil characteristics, whereas the SDI strategy positively affected oil quality when greater water restrictions were applied.
Harvest, Handling, and Storage Recommendations for Improving Postharvest Quality of Blackberry Cultivars
Authors: Lawrence Brian , Melgar Juan Carlos
Published: October 2018

Maintaining shelf life and postharvest quality of blackberries (Rubus subgenus Rubus) from harvest to consumer is challenging for growers and packers due to several postharvest issues including fresh weight (FW) loss, red drupelet reversion, and fruit leakiness. The time of day blackberries are harvested, the time from harvest to cold storage, and the time in cold storage are factors that may alter the incidence and severity of these postharvest problems. In this experiment, blackberries from 10 cultivars were picked at two different times (7:00–7:30 am and 10:00–10:30 am), delivered to cold storage either immediately or following a 90-minute delay, and evaluated after 1 or 2 weeks in cold storage for FW loss, red drupelet reversion, and leakiness. The response of blackberry postharvest quality to time of harvest, delay to cold storage, and storage length was cultivar-specific. In summary, time of harvest, delay to cold storage or storage length did not affect cultivars Arapaho and Ouachita. Different harvest times did not affect FW or incidence of reddening, but increased leakiness in ‘Chester’ and ‘Triple Crown’; thus, these two cultivars should be preferably harvested early in the morning. Our recommendation for ‘Chester’, ‘Triple Crown’, ‘Osage’, ‘Prime-Ark® Traveler’, and ‘Von’ is to store the fruit of these cultivars as soon as possible. Limiting cold storage to 1 week maintained postharvest quality for at least one attribute of most cultivars (all but Arapaho and Ouachita) compared with 2 weeks of storage.
Effect of Potassium Silicate Application on Populations of Asian Citrus Psyllid in Tahiti Lime
Authors: Ramírez-Godoy Augusto , Vera-Hoyos María del Pilar , Jiménez-Beltrán Natalia , Restrepo-Díaz Hermann
Published: October 2018

Asian citrus psyllid [ACP (Diaphorina citri)] is one of the most serious threats to the global citrus (Citrus sp.) culture, and management of ACP has depended primarily on the application of chemical insecticides. The expression of resistance mechanisms to herbivory is a key component in integrated pest management in crop production in which silicon (Si) applications can play an important role in plant–insect relationships. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the application of Si to tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia) plants under natural infestations of ACP. Two experiments were conducted using 15-month-old seedlings and 2-year-old trees, respectively. Treatments were 1) foliar Si sprays (potassium silicate) at a dose of 2 mL·L–1, 2) soil Si application at a dose of 1 kg commercial product per plant, 3) combined soil and foliar applications of Si at the doses just listed, and 4) untreated plants (control). The application of Si treatments to both seedlings and trees affected ACP oviposition, causing a reduction of 60%. Applications of Si did not affect the nutritional status (macronutrients and micronutrients) of plants in either test, except that the foliar concentration of Si tended to be greater in the soil and soil + foliar treatments than in the other treatment in both seedlings and trees. Based on these results, we suggest that Si can be added as a component of ACP integrated pest management programs.
Postharvest Performance of Poinsettia Plants Exposed to Low Light Levels, Low Temperatures, and Low Substrate Moisture
Authors: Bergmann Ben A. , Dole John M. , McCall Ingram
Published: October 2018

Responses of 14 to 20 poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) cultivars were assessed following exposure to environmental stressors common in the crop’s postproduction supply chain and consumer environment: low light levels, low temperatures, and low substrate moisture. As indicated by number of days to unacceptable appearance, 14 cultivars tolerated three low light levels (10, 20, and 40 µmol·m–2·s–1) well, with all individuals of six of the cultivars exhibiting an acceptable appearance at 7 weeks when the experiment ended. An experiment with 20 cultivars showed them to be surprisingly tolerant of low temperatures for a short duration, with no differences found when averaging across cultivars among plants exposed to 2, 5, or 20 °C for 2 days. However, all cultivars exposed to 5 °C for 10 days performed poorly. Cultivars differed markedly in response to low substrate moisture, with frequency of unacceptable plants before 4 weeks across all treatments ranging from 0% to 87% among the 14 cultivars tested. Across 17 cultivars, acceptable plant appearance was extended from 23 days for plants that were never irrigated after 10 d in sleeves to 32 days for plants that received a single irrigation at unsleeving and not thereafter. The low temperatures and low substrate moisture experiments were conducted in 2 years, and years differed significantly for nearly all dependent variables assessed. The significant interaction between year and cultivar for all observed variables in those two experiments indicates the importance of conducting experiments such as these over 2 years or more. Potted plants of many of the poinsettia cultivars tested proved to be highly tolerant in terms of low light levels, low temperatures, and low substrate moisture. Three cultivars appeared to be most tolerant in two of the three experiments: Prestige Red (low light levels and low temperatures), Titan Red (low temperatures and low substrate moisture), and Whitestar (low light levels and low substrate moisture). Three cultivars were most tolerant to all three sources of postproduction plant stress: Christmas Day Red, Early Mars Red, and Titan White.
Environmental responsibility mechanism development in the public sector of the economy
Authors: Makarenko Inna , Bychenko Diana , Makarenko Serhiy , Qasimova Gunay
Published: October 2018

Environmental responsibility mechanism in the public sector of the economy has an important sense in UN Sustainability Development Goals achievement, as well as in ensuring the competitiveness of the state-owned companies and the state as a whole. Sustainability concept, concept of “smart cities and smart communities” and the implementation of public administration reform, the necessity to increase the transparency of state-owned companies and the responsibility of municipalities to communities determine the reasonability and urgency in environmental responsibility mechanism development. Systematization and comparative analysis of world and national experience of environmental responsibility mechanism development in the public sector of the economy were made. The author’s approach to the structuring of the mechanism of environmental responsibility in the public sector was developed. Public policy peculiarities implementation in the field of environmental responsibility were investigated considering the levels of regulation of such liability: in state-owned companies as models for other sectors of the economy; in public authorities and municipalities.
I-concept of one’s Professional Identity: Formation in Class and at Work
Authors: Sokolskaya M. V. , Korosteleva I. K.
Published: October 2018

The paper features some results of a pilot research on the formation of I-concept of one’s professional identity during practical training and at work. The issues of the I-concept draw attention of modern scientists; however, the problem of I-concept of one’s professional identity remains largely understudied, e.g. its sensitive period of formation, conditions, factors and dynamics, interrelations between the I-concept of one’s professional identity and one’s professional activity, etc. An adequate I-concept plays a special role in the activities connected with extreme conditions, a high degree of responsibility and a brief adaptation period, e.g. public transport. The research involved first thirdand fifth-year students of State Transportation University of the Far East (Khabarovsk) and railroad employees of the corresponding profile. The diagnostic package was shaped according to the theoretically revealed structure of the I-concept. The results confirmed the initial assumption that one’s "I-concept" of the professional identity is rooted in one’s learning and practical training, but its actual formation happens during one’s professional activity. The paper contains some recommendations on I-concept formation in students majoring in transport.
Theoretical and Methodological Problems of Emotional Intelligence Research in Children of Senior Preschool Age
Authors: Tokareva O. A. , Seryy A. V. , Fedorov A. I.
Published: October 2018

The research features various theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of emotional intelligence in children aged 5–7. The relevance of the issue can be explained by the current social mandate and the federal state standard of modern pre-school education. The paper focuses on an analysis of foreign and domestic approaches to the study of the psychological phenomenon in question. The authors come to a conclusion that emotional intelligence regulates the integral state of the human psyche and manifests itself at the physiological, psychological, and personal levels of its functioning. The article also includes a description of the study methods applied to senior preschoolers. The authors give a critical review of the methodological tools for emotional intelligence assessment in children aged 5–7, the results of which indicate the problem areas in the existing methods for diagnosing emotional intelligence. The paper describes the matters of criteria selection for evaluation and selection of adequate methods for studying. In conclusion, the authors point to the insufficientlystudied aspects of emotional intelligence and designate the theoretical and methodological problems of researching emotional intelligence in children of senior preschool age. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, the authors propose to consider emotional intelligence as a dynamic system functioning at all levels of one’s mental life and justify the need to develop a comprehensive approach to its study from the standpoint of general, age and pedagogical psychology, psychophysiology, preschool pedagogy.
Temporal Characteristics of Prosody in Imperative Utterances and the Phenomenon of Emphatic Length in the English Language
Authors: Kozlova A. T.
Published: October 2018

The paper focuses on one of the most effective factors of linguistic manipulation, i.e. imperative utterance. The subject of the study was direct contact appeals, whose structures corresponded to the literary norms of the English language. The research determined and described the temporal component of imperative prosody. The author employed electro-acoustic, mathematical and statistical methods. The phonetic experiment revealed four prosodic structures, as well as their inter-structural and inter-style levels, the degree of temporal fluctuation and the phenomenon of emphatic length, the latter being recognized as the basic temporal feature of imperative prosody. Temporal variation in a phrase and its functional segments in different prosodic structures and in certain extra-linguistic conditions convincingly demonstrates the set of absolute and inter-style markers of this prosodic subsystem. In practice, the results of the present research can be applied in teaching communicatively oriented utterances and in making up the algorithm of automatic speech recognition and synthesis.
Revealing Humanity: the Flexible Language of Literature
Authors: Hewitt K.
Published: October 2018

The article features the linguistic peculiarities of four novels the author uses in her course on Contemporary English Fiction: Hilary Mantel’s A Change of Climate, Jim Crace’s Quarantine, Graham Swift’s Last Orders, and Adam Thorpe’s Ulverton. The novels probe deeply into some of the stranger aspects of human experience. Hilary Mantel writes of people who try to behave as balanced, rational beings, but to whom irrational and terrible things happen that have to be dealt with. The metaphorical language illuminates this philosophical exploration, which would otherwise be dull or unconvincing. The novel might seem strange for English readers, but the language carries the conviction of the true storyteller. J. Crace has a wonderful sense of exact words for an exact rhythm. Graham Swift’s novel is written as though it were the thoughts and memories of seven different characters. The language here is the colloquial vernacular, the language of elderly and middle-aged men and women with little education from south-eastLondon. The most extraordinary book of these four is Adam Thorpe’s Ulverton. It consists of twelve chapters, which are a chronological set separate ‘stories’ that happened between 1650 and 1988. Each chapter uses a different literary genre for the story-telling: for example, a simple first-person narrative, a sermon, a journal, letters to a lover, lecture notes, an internal monologue, and – ending the novel – a television script. Thorpe has therefore set himself a colossal task: to render into lively readable English, the concerns and passions of individuals, often illiterate individuals, while retaining a sense of the language appropriate to a particular era and a particular genre.

Literature is an act of communication between writer and reader which does justice to humanity through expressive, imaginative language. Nobody would be so arrogant as to say that reading literature is the only way of ‘being human’ but more than most activities it forces us to think about people other than ourselves.

Readers who would like to read more have available many other fine examples of contemporary English literature, provided by the Oxford Russia Fund for those taking part in the project on Contemporary English Literature in Russian Universities.
Agrarian Production Growth in the Nizhneudinsk District of the Irkutsk Province in the Late ХIХ – Early ХХ Centuries
Authors: Matveenko A. L.
Published: October 2018

The research features the process of agrarian development in the Nizhneudinsk area of the Irkutsk province in the late XIX – early ХХ centuries, its agricultural industry, as well as the influence of mass migration and the construction of the TransSiberian Railway on the local agrarian development. The author identified regional tendencies in the development of agrarian production in the Nizhneudinsk district in the period described. The paper gives a detailed description of the local agricultural production and the land use system. Particular attention is paid to the dynamics of the cultivated areas and the causes of crop failure. The author has managed to establish a close connection of the phenomena with the socio-economic and natural factors.

In the late XIX – early ХХ centuries the subregion was a real "territory of advanced development", in modern terms. The analysis of the agrarian development of the Nizhneudinsk district shows a progressive development of the agrarian production. The methodology is based on the principles and methods of scientific knowledge, including the principle of historicism, according to which the agrarian development of the subregion is considered in the historical context of the local socio-economic and natural phenomena. The author used some general scientific methods of research, i.e. the method of analysis, synthesis, as well as special methods of historical research, such as statistic analysis.
The Issues of Reislamization in Post-Soviet Dagestan in 1990–1995
Authors: Khalidova O. B. , Seferbekov R. I.
Published: October 2018

The process of the Islam revival in Dagestan was associated with the politicization of religion in society during perestroika and post-perestroika periods. The process had its own peculiarities associated with the general transformation of Russian society, active work of international organizations, and the decline of traditional Islam in the republic. As a result, there appeared alternative and unconventional directions in the process of revival of the Islamic component, e. g. the so-called "new Islam" (Wahhabism), foreign to local religious communities.

The activity of the adherents of the new movement showed itself not so much in the confessional sphere as in the socio-political sphere. This was clearly manifested in Dagestan society in the early 1990s against the backdrop of the socio-economic and socio-political collapse and contradictions between the state and society.

The research investigates the place and role of the social conflict that arose on the basis of ideological differences. The actors of the conflict were individuals with their religious non-traditional views and socio-political orientations, who opposed official structures in the struggle for domination in the society, desperately searching for a new religious idea. The authors proceed from the thesis that the escalation of this kind of conflict has a significant impact on the nature of social (political, socioeconomic, national) relations in any society, the way it happened when the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Dagestan split according to ethnicity.
Attitude to Coming-of-Age in Adolescents of Saint-Petersburg and Smolensk in Context of their Resiliency
Authors: Bezgodova S. A. , Miklyaeva A. V. , Tereshchenko V. V.
Published: October 2018

The article features an empirical study of the attitude of adolescents to coming-of-age with various resiliency in St. Petersburgand Smolensk. The research employed a modified version of the Dembo-Rubinshtein selfevaluation methodology. The actual and ideal self-esteem of the teenagers was measured in terms of «adulthood», «willingness to be an adult» and «desire to grow up»; their resilience was assessed with the help of a screening version of the Resiliency. The characteristics of the regulatory, moral and reflexive spheres were assessed according to the Self-Assessment Scale of Personal Maturity. The research demonstrated that adolescents from Smolenskassessed their desire to grow up significantly higher than those from St. Petersburg, while their level of actual and ideal self esteem of adulthood remained the same. The adolescents from St. Petersburgshowed lower rates of conative, reflexive and moral maturity, as well as resiliency, primarily in terms of involvement and control. Depending on the strategy of growing up, resiliency is a resource (for an internally coordinated strategy of coming-of-age) or a personal condition for exercising control over one's own life (for an internally conflicting strategy of coming-of-age). The data obtained are used in the psychological and pedagogical accompaniment of adolescents growing up in different sociocultural conditions. There is a tendency to further research on the influence of socio-cultural factors on the implementation of a particular coming-of age strategy and teenagers’ attitude.
Prolonged Postpartum Persistent Urinary Retention After Cesarean Section: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Erin Recep , Burkankulu Agirbas Derya , Erin Kubra Baki , Kulaksız Deniz
Published: October 2018

We aimed to present a case of urinary retention that develops after caesarean delivery and persists for 33 days.A 35-year-old G4P2 41-week-old pregnant woman applied to our clinic because she could not urinate on the 4th day after cesarean section. After the examination, it was determined that urine retention developed in the patient. Neostigmine and meropenem treatment was applied. With intermittent catheterization, spontaneous urination started to take place on postpartum day 33.Postpartum urinary retention, which causes maternal morbidity, is a common condition in obstetric care. Therapy is followed by bladder catheterization, antibiotic therapy and periodic catheter withdrawal, and spontaneous massing of the patient is followed and residual urine is checked by ultrasonography after the mass.
Removal of aqueous Cu2+ ions with Fe0/C ceramsites fabricated by direct reduction roasting of magnetite, coal, and paper mill sludge
Authors: Fu Pingfeng , Chen Zihao , Yang Tianwen
Published: October 2018

The porous metallic iron/carbon (Fe0/C) ceramsites, with virtues of low cost and ‘green’ fabrication, were prepared by direct reduction roasting of magnetite, coal, and paper mill sludge. The X-ray diffraction data revealed that Fe0 was generated in situ by reducing the magnetite at 1,200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that Fe0 particles, with a size of <10 μm, were highly dispersed on carbon particles to form an integrated anode (Fe0) and cathode (C) structure of microelectrolysis filters. The effects of initial solution pH and Fe/C mass ratio on Cu2+ removal were investigated. The extent of Cu2+ removal increased from 93.53% to 99.81% as initial pH rose from 2.5 to 7.0. The residual Cu2+ concentration was as low as <0.2 mg/L. The highest extent of Cu2+ removal was achieved at Fe/C mass ratio of 6.8:1. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well for Cu2+ removal by the ceramsite, revealing the chemisorption as a limiting step. The Cu2+ adsorption equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 546.45 mg/g at initial pH 3.0.
Capturing Rest-Activity Profiles in Schizophrenia Using Wearable and Mobile Technologies: Development, Implementation, Feasibility, and Acceptability of a Remote Monitoring Platform (Preprint)
Authors: Meyer Nicholas , Kerz Maximilian , Folarin Amos , Joyce Dan W , Jackson Richard , Karr Chris , Dobson Richard , MacCabe James
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

There is growing interest in the potential for wearable and mobile devices to deliver clinically relevant information in real-world contexts. However, there is limited information on their acceptability and barriers to long-term use in people living with psychosis.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the development, implementation, feasibility, acceptability, and user experiences of the Sleepsight platform, which harnesses consumer wearable devices and smartphones for the passive and unobtrusive capture of sleep and rest-activity profiles in people with schizophrenia living in their homes.

METHODS

A total of 15 outpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia used a consumer wrist-worn device and smartphone to continuously and remotely gather rest-activity profiles over 2 months. Once-daily sleep and self-rated symptom diaries were also collected via a smartphone app. Adherence with the devices and smartphone app, end-of-study user experiences, and agreement between subjective and objective sleep measures were analyzed. Thresholds for acceptability were set at a wear time or diary response rate of 70% or greater.

RESULTS

Overall, 14 out of 15 participants completed the study. In individuals with a mild to moderate symptom severity at baseline (mean total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score 58.4 [SD 14.4]), we demonstrated high rates of engagement with the wearable device (all participants meeting acceptability criteria), sleep diary, and symptom diary (93% and 86% meeting criteria, respectively), with negative symptoms being associated with lower diary completion rate. The end-of-study usability and acceptability questionnaire and qualitative analysis identified facilitators and barriers to long-term use, and paranoia with study devices was not a significant barrier to engagement. Comparison between sleep diary and wearable estimated sleep times showed good correspondence (ρ=0.50, P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Extended use of wearable and mobile technologies are acceptable to people with schizophrenia living in a community setting. In the future, these technologies may allow predictive, objective markers of clinical status, including early markers of impending relapse.
Exploring the Cultural Awareness amongst Beninese Post-Beginner Learners of English as a Foreign Language in the Littoral Secondary Schools
Authors: Sena Hindeme Ulrich O. , Marius Egounleti Pedro , Jean-Marc Gnonlonfoun
Published: October 2018

Teaching a Foreign language also involves transmitting knowledge about the target culture or the country in which the language is spoken. This study aimed at investigating on the place culture in English as Foreign Language classrooms at secondary schools level in Benin context and the post-beginner learners’ cultural awareness in relation to successful communicative performance and language proficiency development. With that aim, a cultural awareness test was administered to three hundred and sixty participants selected randomly at the rate of thirty-six per school from ten secondary schools of the Littoral region of Benin. Two hundred and sixty valid answers were then collected and analyzed quantitatively using Microsoft Excel 2007. The results revealed that many teachers seem to underestimate the importance of culture, which explains a gap between their perceptions and practices in dealing with culture. Consequently, Beninese learners did not acquire cultural awareness. Indeed, EFL teaching in Benin may have missed the focus on cultural aspects of the foreign language and thereby explains learners’ failure to achieve successful intercultural communication. Some respondents also viewed comparing aspects of the students’ own culture with those of the target culture as the commonest way of developing cultural awareness. Moreover, shortage of time was seen as the main obstacle for teaching culture in classrooms. Students do not recognize the cultural aspect of the language despite their close relationship, which was proved in the dual and simultaneous improvement of advanced students’ performance in linguistics, and cultural knowledge, which, in turn, engenders their lack of cultural awareness being a key element in language proficiency and intercultural communicative competence. This research paper comes up with the recommendations that school authorities should design a specific culture oriented syllabus that covers all the different levels of English learning at secondary school level. In this regard, all the variables (setting, cultural, institutional, linguistic, and methodological) should be taken into account and mainstreamed in the curriculum. In the same vein, EFL teachers should consider Culture as an integrative factor in language teaching process.
Motivaciones para migrar: las clases medias mexicanas profesionistas en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Domínguez Villalobos Lilia , Vázquez Maggio Mónica Laura
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo analiza las motivaciones detrás de la migración de mexicanos profesionistas (MP) a Estados Unidos con base en una encuesta a 813 MP en el marco del análisis de comportamiento de las clases medias. Se analizaron los factores detrás de las tres motivaciones más mencionadas: buscar un mejor trabajo, obtener experiencia internacional o la esperanza de una mejor calidad de vida. Los resultados de los modelos logísticos utilizados muestran que detrás de estas motivaciones la explicación neoclásica consistente con el homo economicus es insuficiente, pues hay factores de naturaleza social y personal que deben ser contemplados. Así, la búsqueda de mayor calidad de vida está asociada con tener a la familia cerca como un componente esencial, así como detrás de la motivación de obtener experiencia internacional hay una mezcla de consideraciones tales como oportunidades limitadas de empleo y falta de infraestructura para desempeñarse laboralmente.
PENGARUH KEADILAN ORGANISASIONAL TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASIONAL MELALUI VARIABEL INTERVENING KEPUASAN KERJA PADA KARYAWAN PT. LEMBAH KARET PADANG
Authors: Candika Jefri , Chairoel Lucy
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keadilan organisasional terhadap komitmen organisasional melalui variabel intervening kepuasan kerja pada karyawan PT. Lembah Karet Padang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah berjumlah 308 orang dengan sampel sebanyak 75 orang karyawan, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode slovin. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis path (path analysis) menggunakan SPSS. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan keadilan organisasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara langsung terhadap komitmen organisasional. Keadilan organisasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara langsung terhadapa kepuasan kerja. Keadilan organisasional dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasional. Pengaruh langsung keadilan organisasional terhadap komitmen organisasional lebih besar dari pengaruh tidak langsung melalui variabel kepuasan kerja. Dengan demikian dapat diartikan bahwa kepuasan kerja tidak memiliki pengaruh tidak langsung keadilan organisasional terhadap komitmen organisasional. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kepuasan kerja tidak terbukti sebagai variabel intervening.

 

This study aims to determine the effect of organizational justice on organizational commitment through intervening variable job satisfaction at employees of PT. Lembah Karet Padang. The population in this study was 308 people with a sample of 75 employees, sampling technique using slovin method. The analysis technique used in this research is path analysis technique (path analysis) using SPSS. From the results of the study found organizational justice has a positive and significant effect directly on organizational commitment. Organizational justice has a positive and significant impact directly on job satisfaction. Organizational justice with job satisfaction as intervening variable has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. The direct impact of organizational justice on organizational commitment is greater than indirect influence through job satisfaction variables. Thus it can be interpreted that job satisfaction does not have an indirect effect of organizational justice on organizational commitment. So it can be concluded that job satisfaction is not proven as intervening variable.
DETERMINANTES SOCIALES EN EL CONSUMO DE SUSTANCIAS PSICOACTIVAS EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS EN 2016
Authors: Narváez Nelia Esther , Ocampo Rivero Mónica , Herrera Guerra Eugenia
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se dan a conocer los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo describir los determinantes sociales asociados al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) en estudiantes de una universidad pública de Colombia, modalidad presencial diurna. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, transversal, con una muestra de n= 341 estudiantes; se realizó muestreo estratificado, con selección aleatoria y se aplicó el cuestionario utilizado en el II Estudio Epidemiológico Andino sobre Consumo de Drogas en la Población Universitaria, Proyecto PRADICAN (Programa Antidrogas Ilícitas en la Comunidad Andina), previa autorización de los participantes de estudio. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y se calcularon frecuencias relativas. Los resultados mostraron que el 61% de los encuestados pertenecen al estrato socioeconómico 1, el más bajo; el 77,4% se dedica exclusivamente a sus estudios; el 22,6% trabaja además de estudiar. La relación con sus padres es buena (90%). 56% tienen amigos consumidores y el 20,5% tienen familiares cercanos consumidores de SPA ilegales. Los resultados permitieron establecer que se debe aumentar la cobertura de los programas de apoyo que ofrece la universidad a través de Bienestar Universitario para intervenir positivamente los determinantes identificados, diseñar y desarrollar estrategias que permitan generar cultura de autocuidado y prevención del consumo de SPA.
MAYORES CUIDANDO MAYORES: SUS PERCEPCIONES DESDE UNA MIRADA INTEGRAL
Authors: Ramírez-Pereira Mirliana , Aguilera Morales Roselyn , Salamanca Ferrada Carla , Salgado Cuervo Catalina , San Martín Silva Constanza , Segura Díaz Claudia
Published: October 2018

El envejecimiento es un proceso que conlleva múltiples cambios en el ser humano, generando que algunos adultos mayores se encuentren en situación de dependencia, requiriendo un cuidador. Este estudio cualitativo, con enfoque metodológico de estudio de caso, tiene por objetivo conocer las percepciones de adultos mayores que son cuidadores de otro adulto mayor con dependencia severa. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad empleando análisis de contenido y se definieron las siguientes categorías de investigación: motivaciones, dificultades, emociones del cuidador, postergación por el bien del otro, redes de apoyo familiares, emociones asociadas al diagnóstico, religión, institucionalización, expectativas de cuidado de enfermería, acceso a beneficios del estado y muerte. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los cuidadores son mujeres, sin apoyo familiar, que tienen un vínculo sentimental con la persona cuidada, y que sus motivaciones para desempeñar esta labor son el cariño y la obligación. Se observó postergación por parte del cuidador dedicándose por completo a esta labor, abandonando actividades ajenas al cuidado y experimentando sobrecarga acompañada de limitaciones económicas debido a los bajos ingresos que reciben.
Indirect health-related social control and psychological functioning in Singaporeans with diabetes
Authors: Yang Fang , Pang Joyce S.
Published: October 2018

We examined indirect health-related social control and the underlying mechanisms of its association with psychological functioning in patients with type 2 diabetes. Singaporean late middle-aged and older adults (N = 199) completed questionnaires measuring indirect social control,
self-efficacy, internal diabetes locus of control, and psychological functioning. We used a bootstrapping approach and structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Results showed that indirect social control was associated with diabetes-related emotional distress and depressive symptoms
via the mediator of internal diabetes locus of control, but self-efficacy did not mediate this relationship. More specifically, indirect social control was positively associated with higher internal diabetes locus of control, which, in turn, had a negative impact on diabetes-related emotional
distress and depressive symptoms.
Customer aggression and workplace deviance: The moderating role of psychological ownership
Authors: Kong Hyewon , Kim Hyosun
Published: October 2018

Although customer aggression has been found to affect the well-being of employees in the service sector, few prior researchers have examined its effect on employees' workplace behavior. Thus, we examined the effect of customer aggression on positive and negative workplace deviant behaviors
in service contexts, and explored whether psychological ownership moderates these relationships. Participants were 362 bankers in the financial sector within South Korea, and we used structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses. Results showed that customer aggression increased both
destructive and constructive deviance. Further, psychological ownership moderated the relationship between customer aggression and constructive deviance, but not between customer aggression and destructive deviance. That is, customer aggression increased organizational and interpersonal constructive
deviance among employees with high psychological ownership, suggesting that these employees were more likely to tackle customer aggression in an innovative manner.
How do servant leaders promote engagement? A bottom-up perspective of job crafting
Authors: Yang Rui , Ming Ying , Ma Jianhong , Huo Rongmian
Published: October 2018

We drew on the literature addressing servant leadership and job crafting, self-determination theory, and the job demands–resources model, and hypothesized that employees who are supported by servant leadership would craft their own jobs to stay engaged and perform well. Chinese
employees (N = 544) working in various organizations participated in a survey. We found that servant leadership, as evaluated by employees, predicted work engagement and that job crafting played a partial mediating role in this relationship. Results of structural equation modeling offered
strong support for the proposed model. Specifically, empowering promoted employees' absorption through task crafting, and emotional healing promoted employees' vigor through relational crafting. Our findings enrich the literature on positive organizational behavior and will help with identifying
practical considerations around promoting work engagement.
Effectiveness of Celebrity Endorsement Of Political Candidates
Authors: Um Nam-Hyun
Published: October 2018

I examined the effects of celebrity endorsement of political candidates, drawing on third-person effect theory, social identification theory, and political efficacy theory. Participants were 283 students at an American university who took part in a web-based survey that explored attitudes
using actual presidential candidates and real celebrities. Study findings suggest that people view such endorsements as having no impact on their own voting behavior yet influencing that of others by encouraging them to vote for the endorsed candidate. In addition, people positively evaluate
the endorsed political candidate when they hold a high level of identification with the celebrity endorser and are likely to vote for the candidate. Lastly, whereas political efficacy does influence people's intention to vote, it does not appear to influence their evaluation of the candidate.
Limitations of the study and future research are discussed.
COATING THICKNESS ANALYSIS OF DEPOSITED FeCrAl SUBSTRATE BY γ-AL2O3 THROUGH NiO-ELECTROPLATING
Authors: Pranoto Hadi , Nurato Nurato , Feriyanto Dafit
Published: October 2018

Nickel Oxide (NiO) have widely applied in industrial and automotive to forming oxide layer on the substrate due to it have high thermal stability and corrosion resistant. However, NiO was not directly diffused to the substrate via co-precipitation, spray-pyrolysis and sol-gel methods. Therefore, NiO-electroplating was performed in coating FeCrAl substrate by γ-Al2O3 powder. This method was conducted using various time of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes, a current of DC power supply is 1.28A and sulphamate type solution. From the data shows that smallest surface roughness (Ra) of NiO-electroplating (EL) samples located at EL 30 min sample for 0.69 µm. Ra of raw material was lower than coated samples due to it performed by coating activity on the substrate. It supported by coating thickness analysis that treated samples has a higher coating thickness up to 11.3 µm. EDS analysis observed some elements on coated and uncoated samples such as Carbon (C) of 4.62-20.67%, Oxygen (O) of 6.16-19.62%, Nickel (Ni) of 6.76-25.14%, Iron (Fe) of 23.96-48.53%, Sodium (Na) of 2.21-9.95%, Chromium (Cr) of 7.97-15.59% and Aluminum (Al) of 2.17-3.12%. Those elements promote to develop a protective oxide layer on FeCrAl at a high temperature of 1000 0C.
Severe short-lasting left ventricular dysfunction associated with a respiratory infection
Authors: Stankovic Ivan , Obradovic Gojko , Vidakovic Radosav , Maksimovic Ruzica , Ilic Ivan , Putnikovic Biljana , Neskovic Aleksandar
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Since clinical and electrocardiographic features of various cardiac disorders may overlap, the differential diagnosis of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction may be difficult even for the most experienced physicians. Recent advances in cardiac imaging may help clinicians to establish an accurate diagnosis and initiate adequate treatment. The aim of this case report is to raise awareness of a very short-lasting LV dysfunction during respiratory infections and to underline the importance of multimodality imaging in this clinical setting. Case outline. A previously healthy 37-year-old male presented with atypical chest pain and ST-segment elevation in the inferolateral leads during severe mental stress and acute respiratory infection. Acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, coronary vasospasm and stress cardiomyopathy were all considered as a differential diagnosis. A rapid onset of severe LV dysfunction and a complete recovery within 4 days was detected by echocardiography and further evaluated by multimodality imaging, including multislice computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion. Severe, but very short-lasting LV dysfunction may be triggered by various causes, including upper respiratory tract infections. Since the symptoms of respiratory infections may obscure those of LV dysfunction, myocardial dysfunction in these patients may go undetected with possible serious consequences.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF GLOBALISATION ON HUMAN WELFARE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Authors: Maku Olukayode Emmanuel , Adesoye Bolaji Adesola , Babasanya Awoyemi Olayiwola , Adelowokan Oluwaseyi Adedayo
Published: October 2018

The world has become more linked owing to the increased intensity of globalisation across regions. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has become more relatively integrated into the world economy as shown by increasing degree of trade openness and foreign direct investment. Over the same period, quality of life of people in SSA in terms of access to basic necessity, monetary and non-monetary indices of poverty have been on the declining trend. This study adopted endogenous growth theory in analysing the comparative effects of globalisation between the highly and weakly globalised economies in SSA countries. Four channels of transmission of impact of globalisation were considered: trade openness, financial and capital flows labour mobility and access to telephone. Data for 16 SSA countries – 8 weakly globalised and 8 strongly globalised countries based on KOF globalisation index, were sourced from the world Development indicator for the period of 1980-2012. The feasible generalised least square (GLS) estimator was utilized to estimate the fixed and random effects panel regression models. Hausman test was used to determine the efficient estimator between fixed and random effects. All estimated coefficients were evaluated at 5% level of significance. The outcome of the comparative analysis revealed a mix result in some cases and unidirectional in some. In all, countries with higher intensity of globalisation have a greater improvement in their human welfare indicators compared to countries with weak globalisation indices. The study then recommended an improved reform in global integration to enable the region maximize the immense benefits inherent in global connections.
ESTIMATION OF Z-SCORE FOR UKRAINIAN BANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Kyshakevych Bohdan , Klymkovych Ivan
Published: October 2018

The article analyzes the problematic aspects of evaluating the financial stability of banking systems on the basis of the Z-score methodology. The econometric model estimation of Z-score for the Ukrainian banking system was constructed where the following indicators were chosen in role of explanatory variables:  the share of foreign capital in bank system, inflation, change in nominal GDP and share of overdue loans in credit portfolio. We have conducted the analysis of the banking sector in Ukraine on the base of the constructed Z-score model and determined macroeconomic factors that have the most significant impact on the Z-score assessment and banking system stability.  Drawbacks and limitations of the Z-score methodology usage in banking business are discussed.
OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Hushko Serhii , Kulishov Volodymyr , Bortnyk Kateryna
Published: October 2018

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the state of foreign investment in the Ukrainian economy and identifies further prospects, opportunities and barriers to foreign investment in accordance with current economic and political realities.