bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rodas de cura e cuidado com mulheres negras rurais e quilombolas
Authors: Barreto do Carmo Maria Beatriz , Rückert Bianca , Rodrigues Penaforte Thais , Santos da Silva Marques Larissa , De Freitas Rocha Ana Catharina
Published: September 2023

Neste relato de experiência de uma atividade extensionista, os saberes tradicionais e populares são majoritariamente produzidos por mulheres negras em sua diversidade de comunidades de origem. Essa pluralidade se reflete nas práticas de cura e cuidado voltadas ao manejo dos processos de saúde e doença, através de recursos como plantas medicinais, rezas, benzimentos, bem como dos ofícios das erveiras, parteiras e raizeiras. A fim de estabelecer pontes e conexões entre os diferentes modos de produção e socialização de cuidados em saúde, 37 mulheres de comunidades negras rurais e quilombolas, dos estados da Bahia e de Sergipe, foram convidadas a participar da ação “Saberes tradicionais e populares de cura e cuidado”. Desenvolvida a partir de cinco eixos temáticos, essa atividade buscou promover espaços de aprendizagens mediadas pela copresença dos saberes populares, tradicionais e aqueles produzidos pela Universidade. Como resultados, além do fortalecimento de vínculos, socialização e visibilidade aos saberes de cura e cuidado dessas mulheres, foi produzido o caderno “Cura e cuidado: do feminino ancestral ao saber popular”, que resgata os principais temas trabalhados no curso. Considerando que tais saberes estão diretamente vinculados à autonomia das mulheres e de suas comunidades, destacamos a necessidade de as graduações da área da saúde nas universidades públicas brasileiras promoverem espaços de interlocução ontológica e epistêmica que revelem a diversidade e multiplicidade de perspectivas sobre a saúde, a doença e o cuidado.
Uma mirada nos Bastidores
Authors: Dos Anjos Rocha Késia
Published: September 2023

Objetos menores, tidos como femininos. Feituras de mulheres. Costuras de memórias esquecidas. Essa escrita tem como objetivo arriscar um alinhavar de ideias e reflexões a partir dos Bastidores do Sul Global. É um convite para que caminhemos pelos corredores da exposição A Costura da Memória da artista visual Rosana Paulino e, ao pararmos diante de suas obras, nos deixemos afetar, (trans)bordar. Meu lugar de reflexão é o campo da educação. Minhas interlocutoras são autoras que, a partir do questionamento de verdades hegemônicas, arriscam sugerir outras rotas, outras formas de ver/ler/sentir o mundo. Nas/Das bordas sociais, avistamos àquelas outrora relegadas aos bastidores do mundo. Dessas mesmas bordas vemos nascer possibilidades de encontros potentes. É dessas grietas/fissuras/brechas que vemos insurgir práticas anticoloniais. A arte de Rosana Paulino nos mobiliza a ensaiarmos movimentos de desaprendizagens e nos inspira a traçarmos caminhos para uma experiência pedagógica contracolonial.
RADIO-APU
Authors: Gomez Sanchez Arely  Amaut
Published: September 2023

La radio-Apu transmite desde el ecosistema frágil de las Lomas de Lúcumo ubicado en el Centro Poblado Rural Quebrada Verde, al margen derecho del río Lurín en el distrito ancestral Pachakamak, Lima, Perú. Radio-Apu, sintoniza a las entidades protectoras de las Lomas de Lúcumo, recordamos que Apu tutela la biodiversidad de nuestro contexto, a la vez lo que conocemos es dónde se encuentra: está en Pachakamak muy cerca del Oráculo de  Pachakamak, santuario en la costa de Lima frente al océano Pacífico. En radio-Apu, la estación radial  es el territorio mismo, la señal es el momento de comunicación y escucha recíproca con las lomas, con el Apu y  la comunidad humana y más-que-humana. Lo que nos sugiere la escucha es sintonizar con la pacha del recordar y aprender de cómo conversamos con el territorio, con sus ciclos, señales visibles y no tan visibles. 

El aprendizaje propone darnos a conocer la biodiversidad de las lomas de lúcumo para su conservación y su regeneración, tomando conciencia que las actividades humanas perjudican su biodiversidad cómo la minera, invasiones de terreno sin consulta previa, la sequía entre otras. Cuando estamos en las lomas y estudiamos sus saberes nos preguntamos al retornar a las aulas qué nos hace falta dentro de la escuela para aprender  y enseñar desde la recuperación de saberes ancestrales, el respeto y Buen Vivir urbano. Qué apertura el estudio relacional de la radio-Apu, el territorio ancestral y urbano en Pachakamak? ¿Cuáles son los pilares del aprendizaje en la escuela de la urbe y por qué dificulta el relacionamiento con el territorio?.
Circular em alianças
Authors: G. Siqueira Maria Fantinato , Engelhard Vered , R. Alves Camila Nobrega
Published: September 2023

Apresentação do dossiê.
Gender Bias and Ophthalmology Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestones Evaluations
Authors: Huh Dana D. , Yamazaki Kenji , Holmboe Eric , Bartley George B. , Schnabel Sarah D. , Levine Rachel B. , Srikumaran Divya
Published: September 2023

Importance

Women remain underrepresented in ophthalmology and gender-based disparities exist in salary, grant receipt, publication rates, and surgical volume throughout training and in practice. Although studies in emergency medicine and general surgery showed mixed findings regarding gender differences in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestones ratings, limited data exist examining such differences within ophthalmology.

Objective

To examine gender differences in ophthalmology ACGME Milestones.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of postgraduate year 4 (PGY-4) residents from 120 ophthalmology programs graduating in 2019.

Main Outcomes and Measures

PGY-4 midyear and year-end medical knowledge (MK) and patient care (PC) ratings and Written Qualifying Examination (WQE) scaled scores for residents graduating in 2019 were included. Differential prediction techniques using Generalized Estimating Equations models were performed to identify differences by gender.

Results

Of 452 residents (median [IQR] age, 30.0 [29.0-32.0] years), 275 (61%) identified as men and 177 (39%) as women. There were no differences in PC domain average between women and men for both midyear (−0.07; 95% CI, −0.11 to 0; P =.06) and year-end (−0.04; 95% CI, −0.07 to 0.03; P =.51) assessment periods. For the MK domain average in the midyear assessment period, women (mean [SD], 3.76 [0.50]) were rated lower than men (mean [SD], 3.88 [0.47]; P = .006) with a difference in mean of −0.12 (95% CI, −0.18 to −0.03). For the year-end assessment, however, the average MK ratings were not different for women (mean [SD], 4.10 [0.47]) compared with men (mean [SD], 4.18 [0.47]; P = .20) with a difference in mean of −0.08 (95% CI, −0.13 to 0.03).

Conclusions and Relevance

Results suggest that ACGME ophthalmology Milestones in 2 general competencies did not demonstrate major gender bias on a national level at the time of graduation. There were, however, differences in MK ratings at the midyear mark, and as low ratings on evaluations and examinations may adversely affect career opportunities for trainees, it is important to continue further work examining other competencies or performance measures for potential biases.
You won't believe it! Truth judgments for clickbait headlines benefit (but less so) from prior exposure
Authors: Béna Jérémy , Rouard Martin , Corneille Olivier
Published: September 2023

In two high‐powered experiments, we investigated how prior exposure to statements presented in a clickbait format increases the perceived truth of their content. In Experiment 1 (N = 241), we hypothesized and found that prior exposure increased the proportion of “true” judgments for both non‐clickbait and clickbait content, but with a reduced effect of prior exposure for statements originally presented in a clickbait format. In Experiment 2 (N = 291), turning to continuous ratings, we found higher truth ratings for repeated than new clickbait statements, even when repetition evidently originated from prior exposure to clickbait statements. The present findings suggest that exposure to clickbait headlines can increase their content's truth judgments despite their overall lack of credibility, although to a lesser extent than for more regular statements. The present research additionally supports an implausibility account rather than a source memory account of the truth effect with clickbait statements.
Pseudocapacitance of Bimetallic Solid‐Solution MXene for Supercapacitors with Enhanced Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: He Zhiquan , Yao Li , Guo Wei , Sun Nana , Wang Fadi , Wang Yuhang , Wang Rongming , Wang Fengping
Published: September 2023

MXenes, a family of 2D transition metal carbides, are considered promising high‐rate pseudocapacitive materials because of their metallic‐like conductivity and transition metal oxide‐like surfaces. Currently, nearly 50 stoichiometric MXenes have been synthesized. However, only a few MXenes, such as Ti3C2, have shown stable pseudocapacitive charge storage so far. Further improving the inherent pseudocapacitance of MXenes without losing their cyclability remains a challenge. Herein, a mild method is reported to produce highly stable bimetallic solid‐solution MXene Ti2VC2 using a solution of potassium fluoride and hydrochloric acid. The electrochemical properties of resulting multilayered clay‐like and delaminated Ti2VC2 films are investigated, exceeding the performance of typical Ti3C2 in acidic electrolytes. These electrodes deliver up to 2000 F cm−3 and retain more than 90% of their initial capacitance after 20 000 cycles, surpassing most state‐of‐the‐art supercapacitor materials known. The pseudocapacitive charge storage of Ti2VC2 is deeply investigated through in situ and ex situ experimental studies, confirmed the pseudocapacitive mechanism is a combination of hydrated H+ intercalation and surface redox. This work provides a practical route toward future rational design on the atomic scale for high‐performance pseudocapacitive materials.
Ultrastable Sodium/Potassium Metal Anode Enabled by a Multifunctional Interphase Layer with Enhanced Ion Transport Kinetics
Authors: Yu Huili , Jiang Daochuan , Cheng Xiaolong , Lu Peng , Li Shikuo , Zhang Hui , Jiang Yu , Huang Fangzhi
Published: September 2023

Na (K) metal batteries (NMB and KMB) have gained tremendous attention as large‐scale energy storage systems because of their high specific capacity, low working potential, and natural abundance. However, severe Na dendrite growth hinders the practical application of Na (K) anode. Here, a multifunctional interphase layer consisting of fast‐ion conductive Na–Bi (K–Bi) alloy and sodiophilic (potassiophilic) Na3VO4 (K3VO4) phases, which i derived from a spontaneous reaction (denoted as BVO@Na or BVO@K), is proposed and prepared. The designed electrode exhibits enhanced ion transport kinetics and homogenous Na (K) deposition behavior, and finally achieving dendrite‐free Na (K) growth. Accordingly, the BVO@Na displays a high Na plating/stripping reversibility of 960 h at 1.0 mA cm−2, 1.0 mAh cm−2, and the BVO@K electrode can be operated a cycle lifespan of 870 h under 1.0 mA cm−2, 2.0 mAh cm−2 in symmetric cells. In BVO@Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 full battery, it shows remarkable cycling stability (91% of capacity retention after 1900 cycles) and a high energy density of 281 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 16.2 kW kg−1. The findings lend credence to the prospect of the multifunctional interface layer contributing to the design of a protective layer for alkali metal anodes.
Self‐Assembly of Semiconductor Nanoplatelets into Stacks Directly in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Graf Rebecca T. , Tran Kevin , Rosebrock Marina , Borg Hadir , Schlenkrich Jakob , Lübkemann‐Warwas Franziska , Renz Franz , Dorfs Dirk , Bigall Nadja C.
Published: September 2023

Since their discovery, cadmium chalcogenide nanoplatelets (NPLs) gained a lot of interest, not only due to their beneficial characteristic, but also because of their high affinity to self‐assemble into ordered stacks. Interestingly, the stacks showed both the properties of the single NPLs and new collective features, such as charge carrier transport within the stacks. Until now, the stacking was, to the best of the knowledge, only performed in non‐polar media mostly through the addition of antisolvents with higher polarity. Due to the fact, that many applications (e.g., photocatalysis) or procedures (such as gelation) occur in water, a route to self‐assemble stacks directly in aqueous solution is needed. In this work a new synthesis route is thus introduced to produce stacks directly in aqueous media. The NPLs are phase transferred with mercaptocarboxylic acids to an aqueous KOH solution followed by an addition of less polar antisolvents to initialize the stacking (e.g., tetrahydrofuran). Furthermore, a mechanism of the stacking as well as four possible driving forces involved in the process are proposed supported by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, infrared spectroscopy, and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.
Surface Grafted N‐Oxides have Low‐Fouling and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Burmeister Nils , Zorn Eilika , Farooq Aneeq , Preuss Lena , Vollstedt Christel , Friedrich Timo , Mantel Tomi , Scharnagl Nico , Rohnke Marcus , Ernst Mathias , Wicha Sebastian G. , Streit Wolfgang R. , Maison Wolfgang
Published: September 2023

Low‐fouling materials are often generated by surface zwitterionization with polymers. In this context, poly‐N‐oxides have recently attracted considerable attention as biomimetic stealth coatings with low protein adsorption. Herein, this study reports that poly‐N‐oxides can be grafted from plasma‐activated plastic base materials. The resulting hydrophilic surfaces have low‐fouling properties in bacterial suspensions and suppress the formation of biofilms. Moreover, efficient antibacterial activity against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria caused by release of reactive oxygen species is observed. The latter effect is specific for polymeric N‐oxides and is most likely triggered by a reductive activation of the N‐oxide functionality in the presence of bacteria. In contrast to other zwitterionic polymers, N‐oxides combine thus low‐fouling (stealth) properties with antibacterial activity. The bioactive N‐oxide groups can be regenerated after use by common oxidative disinfectants. Poly‐N‐oxides are thus attractive antibacterial coatings for many base materials with a unique combined mechanism of action.
LncRNA BCCE4 Genetically Enhances the PD‐L1/PD‐1 Interaction in Smoking‐Related Bladder Cancer by Modulating miR‐328‐3p‐USP18 Signaling
Authors: Zheng Rui , Gao Fang , Mao Zhenguang , Xiao Yanping , Yuan Lin , Huang Zhengkai , Lv Qiang , Qin Chao , Du Mulong , Zhang Zhengdong , Wang Meilin
Published: September 2023

Identification of cancer‐associated variants, especially those in functional regions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), has become an essential task in tumor etiology. However, the genetic function of lncRNA variants involved in bladder cancer susceptibility remains poorly understood. Herein, it is identified that the rs62483508 G > A variant in microRNA response elements (MREs) of lncRNA Bladder cancer Cell Cytoplasm‐Enriched abundant transcript 4 (BCCE4) is significantly associated with decreased bladder cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.84, P = 7.33 × 10−8) in the Chinese population (3603 cases and 4986 controls) but not in the European population. The protective genetic effect of the rs62483508 A allele is found in smokers or cigarette smoke‐related carcinogen 4‐aminobiphenyl (4‐ABP) exposure. Subsequent biological experiments reveal that the A allele of rs62483508 disrupts the binding affinity of miR‐328‐3p to facilitate USP18 from miRNA‐mediated degradation and thus specifically attenuates the downstream PD‐L1/PD‐1 interaction. LncRNA BCCE4 is also enriched in exosomes from bladder cancer plasma, tissues, and cells. This comprehensive study clarifies the genetic mechanism of lncRNA BCCE4 in bladder cancer susceptibility and its role in the regulation of the immune response in tumorigenesis. The findings provide a valuable predictor of bladder cancer risk that can facilitate diagnosis and prevention.
A Mechanically Resilient and Tissue‐Conformable Hydrogel with Hemostatic and Antibacterial Capabilities for Wound Care
Authors: Park Jae , Kim Tae Young , Kim Yeonju , An Soohwan , Kim Kyeong Seok , Kang Minkyong , Kim Soo A , Kim Jayoung , Lee Joonseok , Cho Seung‐Woo , Seo Jungmok
Published: September 2023

Hydrogels are used in wound dressings because of their tissue‐like softness and biocompatibility. However, the clinical translation of hydrogels remains challenging because of their long‐term stability, water swellability, and poor tissue adhesiveness. Here, tannic acid (TA) is introduced into a double network (DN) hydrogel consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to realize a tough, self‐healable, nonswellable, conformally tissue‐adhesive, hemostatic, and antibacterial hydrogel. The TA within the DN hydrogel forms a dynamic network, enabling rapid self‐healing (within 5 min) and offering effective energy dissipation for toughness and viscoelasticity. Furthermore, the hydrophobic moieties of TA provide a water‐shielding effect, rendering the hydrogel nonswellable. A simple chemical modification to the hydrogel further strengthens its interfacial adhesion with tissues (shear strength of ≈31 kPa). Interestingly, the TA also can serve as an effective hemostatic (blood‐clotting index of 58.40 ± 1.5) and antibacterial component, which are required for a successful wound dressing. The antibacterial effects of the hydrogel are tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, the hydrogel is prepared in patch form and applied to a mouse model to test in vivo biocompatibility and hemostatic performances.
An Intelligent Synthetic Bacterium for Chronological Toxicant Detection, Biodegradation, and Its Subsequent Suicide
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhang Lige , Wang Weiwei , Hu Haiyang , Ouyang Xingyu , Xu Ping , Tang Hongzhi
Published: September 2023

Modules, toolboxes, and synthetic biology systems may be designed to address environmental bioremediation. However, weak and decentralized functional modules require complex control. To address this issue, an integrated system for toxicant detection and biodegradation, and subsequent suicide in chronological order without exogenous inducers is constructed. Salicylic acid, a typical pollutant in industrial wastewater, is selected as an example to demonstrate this design. Biosensors are optimized by regulating the expression of receptors and reporters to get 2‐fold sensitivity and 6‐fold maximum output. Several stationary phase promoters are compared, and promoter Pfic is chosen to express the degradation enzyme. Two concepts for suicide circuits are developed, with the toxin/antitoxin circuit showing potent lethality. The three modules are coupled in a stepwise manner. Detection and biodegradation, and suicide are sequentially completed with partial attenuation compared to pre‐integration, except for biodegradation, being improved by the replacements of ribosome binding site. Finally, a long‐term stability test reveals that the engineered strain maintained its function for ten generations. The study provides a novel concept for integrating and controlling functional modules that can accelerate the transition of synthetic biology from conceptual to practical applications.
Asymmetric Additive‐Assisted Organic Solar Cells with Much Better Energy Harvesting and Wireless Communication Performance
Authors: Lei Wen , Wang Yufei , Liang Zezhou , Feng Junyi , Zhang Wei , Fang Junbin , Chen Zhe , Hou Lintao
Published: September 2023

Organic solar cells (OSCs), exhibiting better sensitivity to different light intensities and higher power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) under indoor illumination, have great potential to be simultaneously used for solar energy harvesting and optical communication. However, the poor intrinsic molecular stacking and phase separation in active layers significantly hinder the charge transport and extraction in OSCs for achieving this aim. Here, an effective heterohalogen‐substitution asymmetric additive strategy is proposed to fine‐tune the non‐covalent interaction with nonfullerene molecules and optimize the morphology of active layer, which greatly boosts both the OSC photovoltaic performance with the PCEs of up to 18.30% and 29.52% under AM 1.5G and indoor light illumination respectively, and the ‒3 dB communication bandwidths of 4.11, 3.14, and 3.04 MHz at red, green, and blue (RGB) wavelengths respectively. Of particular note, combining the wavelength division multiplexing and adaptive bit‐loading technologies, the visible light communication system comprised of the RGB light sources and additive‐treated OSCs delivers more remarkable data throughput of 302.7 Mb s−1 and higher harvesting power of 7.38 mW simultaneously, presenting an excellent self‐powered capability for enhanced endurance. This work demonstrates that high‐performance OSCs with excellent energy harvesting and wireless communication capacity can be perfectly achieved by a heterohalogen‐substitution asymmetric additive strategy.
Origin of Enhanced Overall Water Splitting Efficiency in Aluminum‐Doped SrTiO3 Photocatalyst
Authors: Murthy Dharmapura H. K. , Nandal Vikas , Furube Akihiro , Seki Kazuhiko , Katoh Ryuzi , Lyu Hao , Hisatomi Takashi , Domen Kazunari , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki
Published: September 2023

With near unity quantum efficiency and operational stability surpassing 250 days in outdoor conditions, aluminum‐doped SrTiO3 (Al:SrTiO3) with tailored cocatalysts is one of the promising photocatalysts for scalable solar H2 production. Nevertheless, mechanistic insights behind Al‐doping and Rh cocatalyst‐induced enhanced overall water splitting (OWS) efficiency are not well elucidated. Herein, detailed charge carrier dynamics from sub‐picosecond to milliseconds are unveiled for Al:SrTiO3 by transient (optical and microwave probe) spectroscopy measurements. The obtained transients are rationalized using a theoretical model considering bimolecular recombination, trapping and detrapping processes. Due to a decrease in an n‐type doping density, Al doping of SrTiO3 significantly prolongs bulk carrier lifetime from 50 ns to 12.5 µs (consistent with the previous report). The crucial electron extraction process by the Rh cocatalyst located on the surface from Al:SrTiO3 occurs well before the decay of charge carriers. In contrast, µs‐long electron extraction time observed in SrTiO3 is significantly slower than tens of ns bulk carrier lifetime, thus reducing the photocatalytic OWS reaction. Complementary analysis in conjunction with in situ charge carrier dynamics in water interface addresses the mechanistic insight into Al‐doping‐induced enhancement of OWS activity. Correlating material properties, carrier dynamics and photocatalytic activity is expected to help design next‐generation photocatalysts via dopant and/or defects engineering for efficient solar‐fuel production.
An Aqueous Electrolyte Regulator for Highly Stable Zinc Anode Under −35 to 65 °C
Authors: Wang Rui , Ma Quanwei , Zhang Longhai , Liu Zixiang , Wan Jiandong , Mao Jianfeng , Li Hongbao , Zhang Shilin , Hao Junnan , Zhang Lin , Zhang Chaofeng
Published: September 2023

The reversibility and long‐term cycling stability of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) in a wide temperature range have rarely been explored. Herein, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DG) is introduced as an electrolyte additive to enhance Zn performance within a wide temperature range of −35 to 65 °C. Operando synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis combined with molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the introduction of DG disrupts the initial hydrogen bonding network of the aqueous electrolyte, restructuring the solvation structure surrounding Zn2+ ions and mitigating water‐induced parasitic reactions. Adding DG reduces the freezing point of the aqueous electrolyte without compromising its incombustibility. Moreover, operando electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (EQCM‐D) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that the coordinated DG and OTF− undergo reductive decomposition, forming a self‐healing solid electrolyte interphase comprising an inorganic/organic ZnF2‐ZnS, which can effectively suppress the notorious side reactions and guide the uniform Zn deposition. Consequently, the symmetric Zn/Zn cells demonstrate excellent cycling stability for 3500 h under 1 mA cm−2 at 25 °C, and for 1000 h under 1 mA cm−2 at both −35 and 65 °C. Full batteries with a DG‐containing electrolyte exhibit a long lifespan of 5000 cycles at 2 A g−1.
Determination of moisture content and contaminated blank dried figs (Ficus carica L.) using dielectric property and artificial neural network
Authors: Shojaeyan Mina , Banakar Ahmad , Hashjin Teymour Tavakoli , Shafiee Sahameh
Published: September 2023

Dried figs are a garden produce that must be graded after harvesting. Moisture levels and contaminated blank are two of the most critical effective elements on the marketability of dried figs, and they are highly related to fig quality. In the present research, an intelligent system was employed to classify dried figs based on moisture content levels and infected blank fruits. Capacitance characteristics, average diameter, and fruit area were all taken into account in this study. The dried fig dielectric constant was measured at six different frequency levels: 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, and 62 MHz. The best frequency was then chosen using the improved distance evaluation feature selection approach. Image processing was also used to determine the average diameter and area of the figures. Following that, the dielectric constant of the most effective frequency, the average diameter, and the area of the fruit were used as input parameters in the artificial neural network classification model to classify and describe the moisture and porosity level of the dried fig. The most essential dielectric constant information relating to moisture and porosity level was at frequencies of 22 and 52 MHz, respectively. Finally, classification accuracy of 95.7% for moisture and 91.3% for porosity level was attained. The results demonstrated the excellent performance and capabilities of the proposed approach for rating the internal quality of dried figs.
Nucleic Acid‐to‐Small Molecule Converter through Amplified Hairpin DNA Circuits
Authors: Morihiro Kunihiko , Tomida Yasuhiro , Fukui Daisuke , Hasegawa Manami , Okamoto Akimitsu
Published: September 2023

Many microRNAs (miRNAs) are characteristically found in cancer cells, making miRNAs promising marker biomolecules for cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. However, it is challenging to use miRNA as a cancer signature because it is difficult to convert the nucleic acid sequence information into molecular functionality. To address this challenge, we realize nucleic acid‐to‐small molecule converters using hairpin DNA circuits. Harnessing a Staudinger reduction as a trigger for the conversion, we constructed hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) circuits that respond to oncogenic miR‐21. Fluorophore and dye molecules were released in response to miR‐21 through the HCR, providing fluorogenic and chromogenic readouts. Selective cytotoxicity in miR‐21‐abundant cells was realized by the CHA to release the anticancer drug SN‐38. This would be the first example of selective activation of a small‐molecule prodrug triggered by oncogenic miRNA in human living cells.
Green synthesis and theoretical study of new 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles: Application of Cu/Fe3O4@MWCNT magnetic nanocomposites
Authors: Ezzatzadeh Elham , Mohammadi Marziyeh , Ghambarian Mehdi , Hossaini Zinatossadat
Published: September 2023

Cu/Fe3O4@MWCNT magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) as an effective catalyst was promoted producing of novel derivatives of 1,3,4‐oxadiazols in high yields. These new compounds were synthesized by using multicomponent reaction of ninhydrins, diamines or hydroxyamines, ester of acetylene with electron deficient, α‐haloketones, hydrazoyl chloride, and synthesized nanocatalyst in aqueous media. It should be mentioned that the high performance of nanocatalyat was synthesized by using water extract of Petasits hybridus leaves, which was utilized in these reactions for many times to confirm the reusability of nanocatalyst. The antioxidant property of new synthesized 1,3,4‐oxadiazols is owing to having NH group which was evaluated by two procedures named diphenyl‐picrylhydrazine (DPPH) radical trapping and Ferric ions (Fe3+) reducing potential (FRAP) experiment. Also, the antimicrobial activity of new generated 1,3,4‐oxadiazols was evaluated by disk distribution process utilizing two kinds of Gram‐negative bacteria and Gram‐positive bacteria, proving bacterial growth was stopped by using of these compounds. This employed procedure for preparation of 1,3,4‐oxadiazols derivatives conveys benefits including reaction with low time, products with high yields, and possibility of separating catalyst and products using an easy procedure.
Synthesis and properties of multi‐armed polycarboxylate superplasticizer modified by β‐cyclodextrin
Authors: Yuan Hang , Yuan Hua
Published: September 2023

The polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a multi‐armed structure (multi‐armed‐PCE) was synthesized via RAFT polymerization of pentaerythritol triacrylate, acrylic acid, macro‐monomer polyethylene glycol ether (GPEG) and a certain amount of β‐cyclodextrin esterified by maleic anhydride (MA‐β‐CD). The precise structure of the multi‐armed‐PCE was characterized by NMR, FTIR, and GPC. Benefitting from the stronger steric hindrance effect provided by the multi‐armed topology and MA‐β‐CD side chains, the polymer exhibited efficient dispersion and fluidity retention properties. As a result, the water reduction rate of the polymer multi‐armed‐PCE can reach 32.5% under the condition of 0.28% dosage. Compared with comb‐like PCE‐B, the cement paste containing multi‐armed‐PCE exhibited better fluidity retention of 2 hours. Moreover, the multi‐armed‐PCE can significantly increase the mechanical strength of cement hydration products, which can provide potential prospect for the design of high‐strength concrete products.
Comparison of metabolizable energy values of wheat, paddy, and brown rice in roosters determined by free‐feeding and tube‐feeding methods
Authors: Li Kai , Bai Guosong , Liu Zhengqun , Zhao Yuqing , Zhong Ruqing , Liu Lei , Yan Honglin , Zhou Jianchuan , Chen Liang , Zhang Hongfu
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the determination methods (free feeding [FF] and tube feeding [TF]) on the available energy of ingredients (wheat, paddy, and brown rice). A total of 101 adult Hy‐Line Brown roosters (35 weeks old) with an initial body weight of 2.72 ± 0.21 kg were used, in which 96 roosters were randomly assigned to the FF group and TF group, and the remaining five birds were selected to determine the endogenous energy loss. Each group consisted of 12 dietary treatments. In the FF group, each diet treatment comprised 2 replicates with 2 birds per replicate and 4 replicates with 1 bird per replicate for each diet in the TF group. The 12 dietary treatments included a basal diet (BD) and 11 test diets, in which wheat, paddy, and brown rice replaced 30% corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran in the BD. The experiment was performed three times. There was a significant effect of source on apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and true metabolizable energy (TME) in paddy (p < 0.05). Results showed that AME in wheat, paddy, and brown rice measured by the FF method were greater than those values gained by the TF method (p < 0.05). The average AME and TME values were 3537, 3140, and 3893 kcal/kg dry matter (DM) and 3555, 3163, and 3933 kcal/kg DM for wheat, paddy, and brown rice, respectively, measured by the FF method. The means of AME and TME evaluated by the TF method were 3270, 2988, and 3764 kcal/kg DM and 3642, 3357, and 4135 kcal/kg DM for wheat, paddy, and brown rice, respectively. In conclusion, the determination method has a considerable effect on available energy, and the TF method underestimates the AME of ingredients.
The impact of US abortion policy on rheumatology clinical practice: a cross‐sectional survey of rheumatologists
Authors: Bermas Bonnie L. , Blanco Irene , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Blazer Ashira D. , Clowse Megan E. B. , Edens Cuoghi , Donley Greer , Pierce Leslie , Wright Catherine , Birru Talabi Mehret
Published: September 2023

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A Platinum(II) Boron‐dipyrromethene Complex for Cellular Imaging and Mitochondria‐targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Red Light
Authors: Upadhyay Aarti , Nepalia Amrita , Bera Arpan , Saini Deepak Kumar , Chakravarty Akhil R.
Published: September 2023

Cisplatin‐derived platinum(II) complexes [Pt(NH3)2(pacac)](NO3) (1, DPP‐Pt) and [Pt(NH3)2(Acac‐RB)](NO3) (2, Acacplatin‐RB), where Hpacac is 1,3‐diphenyl‐1,3‐propanedione and HAcac‐RB is a red‐light active distyryl‐BODIPY‐appended acetylacetone ligand, are prepared, characterized and their photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity studied (RB abbreviated for red‐light BODIPY). Complex 2 displayed an intense absorption band at λ=652 nm (ϵ=7.3×104 M−1 cm−1) and 601 nm (ϵ=3.1×104 M−1 cm−1) in 1 : 1 DMSO‐DPBS (Dulbecco's Phosphate Buffered Saline). Its emission profile includes a broad maximum at ~673 nm (λex=630 nm). The fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) of HAcac‐RB and 2 are 0.19 and 0.07, respectively. Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and 1,3‐diphenylisobenzofuran assay of complex 2 indicated photogeneration of singlet oxygen (ΦΔ: 0.36) as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Light irradiation caused only minor extent of ligand release forming chemo‐active cisplatin analogue. The complex showed ~70–100 fold enhancement in cytotoxicity on light exposure in A549 lung cancer cells and MDA‐MB‐231 multidrug resistant breast cancer cells, giving half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.9–1.8 μM. Confocal imaging showed its mitochondrial localization and complex 2 exhibited anti‐metastasis properties. Immunostaining of β‐tubulin and Annexin V‐FITC/propidium iodide staining displayed complex 2 induced photo‐selective microtubule rupture and cellular apoptosis, respectively.
Ambient‐Temperature, Metal‐Free, CDI‐Mediated Ex‐Situ Conversion of Acids to Amides: A Useful Late‐Stage Strategy
Authors: Patel Manisha A. , Kapdi Anant R.
Published: September 2023

An efficient ex‐situ method for the amidation of carboxylic acids mediated by CDI has been disclosed herewith. This metal‐free strategy is performed at ambient temperature and can be applied effectively for late‐stage modification of amino acids and APIs.
Catalytic conversion of bioethanol over cobalt and nickel‐doped HZSM‐5 zeolite catalysts
Authors: Anekwe Ifeanyi Michael Smarte , Oboirien Bilainu , Isa Yusuf Makarfi
Published: September 2023

This study focuses on the use of H‐ZSM‐5 catalyst modified with transition metals for the conversion of ethanol into liquid fuel hydrocarbons. The HZSM‐5 catalyst was synthesized hydrothermally, and the transition metal (0.5 wt%) was incorporated by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The synthesized catalysts were tested in a fixed‐bed reactor at varying weight hourly space velocities (WHSVs) and temperatures to investigate their effects on the selectivity of the liquid hydrocarbon product. The pure and metal‐doped catalysts were characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM–EDX, PSD, BET, N2 adsorption–desorption, and NH3‐TPD. The metal species were evenly dispersed on the catalyst support without affecting the porous framework significantly. The modification did not alter the morphology of the catalyst; however, the particle size was altered slightly. The pore distribution plot confirms the hierarchical porous framework of the catalyst. This unique feature facilitates internal diffusion and accelerates mass transfer, improving the selectivity and distribution of the liquid product. The catalytic evaluation showed ethanol conversion of more than 97% for all catalysts tested. A low space velocity (5 h−1) favored gaseous (C1‐C4) hydrocarbons, but more liquid products (C5+) were generated at 12 h−1 (at 350 and 400 °C), with metal‐doped catalysts showing higher selectivity (> 79%). In comparison with the unmodified catalysts, the metal‐doped catalysts enhanced the production of aromatics (benzene), with Ni/HZSM‐5 showing higher selectivity (> 4%). This study showed that the synthesized catalysts are active in the selective production of liquid hydrocarbon and improve the transformation of ethanol to fuel‐range hydrocarbons.
The effectiveness of function‐based interventions to treat sleep problems, including unwanted co‐sleeping, in children with autism
Authors: McLay Laurie K. , France Karyn G. , Knight Jacqueline , Blampied Neville M. , Hastie Brent
Published: September 2023

This study investigated the effectiveness of functional behavioral assessment (FBA)—informed interventions for sleep problems, particularly co‐sleeping, in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Seven children, who exhibited multiple sleep problems including unwanted co‐sleeping, participated. FBA, based on information derived from interviews and parent‐recorded sleep diaries, was used to develop individualized case formulations upon which multicomponent, parent‐implemented interventions were based. These were evaluated using a single‐case, non‐concurrent multiple‐baseline‐across‐participants design. Improvements were observed across all sleep problems, including the elimination of co‐sleeping. Gains were maintained at follow‐up for five out of seven children, though two children did not complete intervention. Parents reported high levels of satisfaction with the program. FBA‐based interventions for sleep problems in children with ASD and their clinical implications are further discussed.
In situ formation of alginic acid‐gold nanohybrids for application in cancer photothermal therapy
Authors: Figueiredo André Q. , Rodrigues Carolina F. , Fernandes Natanael , Correia Ilídio J. , Moreira André F.
Published: September 2023

Gold‐based nanoparticles present excellent optical properties that propelled their widespread application in biomedicine, from bioimaging to photothermal applications. Nevertheless, commonly employed manufacturing methods for gold‐based nanoparticles require long periods and laborious protocols that reduce cost‐effectiveness and scalability. Herein, a novel methodology was used for producing gold‐alginic acid nanohybrids (Au‐Alg‐NH) with photothermal capabilities. This was accomplished by promoting the in situ reduction and nucleation of gold ions throughout a matrix of alginic acid by using ascorbic acid. The results obtained reveal that the Au‐Alg‐NHs present a uniform size distribution and a spike‐like shape. Moreover, the nanomaterials were capable to mediate a temperature increase of ≈11°C in response to the irradiation with a near‐infrared region (NIR) laser (808 nm, 1.7 W cm−2). The in vitro assays showed that Au‐Alg‐NHs were able to perform a NIR light‐triggered ablation of cancer cells (MCF‐7), being observed a reduction in the cell viability to ≈27%. Therefore, the results demonstrate that this novel methodology holds the potential for producing Au‐Alg‐NH with photothermal capacity and higher translatability to the clinical practice, namely for cancer therapy.
Financial management practices, competitive advantage and loan performance of selected microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Ghana
Authors: Saeed Musah Mohammed
Published: September 2023

This study examines how financial management practices and competitive advantage affect loan performance of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in Ghana's Ashanti Region. The research employs a cross‐sectional design with a sample of 85 Ashanti Region MFIs, following Krejcie and Morgan's guidelines for sample selection. Employing a positivist approach with quantitative analysis, primary data comes from closed‐ended questionnaires given to Credit Directors, Credit Department, and Risk Managers, selected randomly from staff lists. Results reveal financial management practices significantly impact loan performance and competitive advantage. However, competitive advantage, under controlled conditions, does not significantly predict loan performance. This highlights financial management's crucial role in shaping loan performance and competitive advantage in MFIs. The study suggests that sustaining growth requires Ghana's Central Bank to enforce adherence to standards for liquidity management. This research adds a fresh perspective to understanding financial management practices, competitive advantage, and loan performance in Sub‐Saharan Africa's MFIs.
Breast/ovarian cancer genetic counseling: Do anxiety, depression, and health care‐related fears influence cancer worry and risk perception?
Authors: Caruso Anita , Maggi Gabriella , Vigna Cristina , Savarese Antonella , Gallo Laura , Guariglia Lara , Casu Giulia , Gremigni Paola
Published: September 2023

Background

The impact of family and personal cancer history and emotional factors, such as depression and anxiety, on disease representation has received limited attention in studies investigating the development of cancer‐related worry and risk perception within the context of genetic counseling. The current study endeavors to fill this gap by exploring the extent to which depression and anxiety influence cancer worry and risk perception, and the role of health care‐related fear as potential mediator in this relationship.

Methods

A sample of 178 women who underwent their first genetic counseling for breast/ovarian cancer, 52% of whom had previous cancer diagnoses, completed questionnaires assessing sociodemographic and clinical information, emotional distress in terms of anxiety and depression, cancer‐related worry, risk perception, and health care‐related fears.

Results

Results of mediation analyses showed that cancer‐related worry and risk perception increased with rising levels of depression and anxiety, with health care‐related fears acting as a mediator in the relationship of depression and anxiety with cancer worry and risk perception. Covariate analysis revealed that previous cancer diagnosis increases cancer‐related worry but not risk perception, while the number of family members affected by cancer increases both outcomes.

Conclusion

These findings emphasize the need for a holistic approach in genetic counseling and have implications for the clinical practice.
In silico analysis and verification of critical genes related to vascular calcification in multiple diseases
Authors: Li Shicheng , Ruan Jiangwen , Yang Zicong , Liu Ling , Jiang Tongmeng
Published: September 2023

Identifying a functional molecular therapeutic target of vascular calcification (VC) that will not affect normal osteogenic differentiation is a challenge. To address this aim, we screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different VC conditions, including endothelial‐osteogenic transition (EOT) (GSE167962), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and atherosclerosis (AS) (GSE159832). KEGG pathways, protein–protein interactions, and hub genes were also analyzed. The intersecting DEGs among the EOT, CKD, and AS groups were verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in a DOCA‐salt hypertension mouse model. The phosphoinositide 3‐kinase–protein kinase B signaling pathway, ECM‐receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and focal adhesion were enriched in EOT and AS‐induced VC. ECM‐receptor interaction, PPAR signaling pathway, apelin signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, and cholesterol metabolism were enriched in CKD and AS‐induced VC. C4b, Cebpa, Lyz2, and Spp1 were also upregulated in EOT, CKD, AS, and hypertension. This study identified promising molecular targets for VC therapy.
Bispidine as a Versatile Scaffold: From Topological Hosts to Transmembrane Transporters
Authors: Singh Hanuman , Khatoon Nadira , Bhardwaj Surya Kant , Kampani Pradeepti , Nayak Tapan K. , Haridas V.
Published: September 2023

The development of designer topological structures is a synthetically challenging endeavor. We present herein bispidine as a platform for the design of molecules with various topologies and functions. The bispidine‐based acyclic molecule, which shows intriguing S‐shape topology, is discussed. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that this molecule exists in the solid state as two conformational enantiomers. In addition, bispidine‐based designer macrocycles were synthesized and investigated for ionophoric properties. Patch clamp experiments revealed that these macrocycles transport both anions and cations non‐specifically with at least tenfold higher chloride conductance over the cations under the given experimental conditions. Ultramicroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic studies indicated that the self‐assembling macrocycle forms a tubular assembly. Our design highlights the use of unconventional dihydrogen interactions in nanotube fabrication.
Assessment of atherectomy treatment for Thromboangiitis Obliterans: A single center experience
Authors: Xue Song , Zhang Xing , Peng Zhaoxi , Wu Xiaoyu , Peng Zhiyou , Qin Jinbao , Lu Xinwu
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims

Endovascular recanalizaiton (ER) has been proven to be a feasible method for Thromboangiitis Obliterans (TAO). The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of atherectomy for TAO compared to nonatherectomy ER in our center.

Methods

Patients diagnosed as TAO were reviewed from January 2016 to June 2021 in our center. Basic characteristics of patients before ER and perioperative data were collected and compared between the atherectomy and nonatherectomy groups. The vascular event‐free survival and limb salvage were calculated to evaluate the prognosis of TAO patients after ERs. Logistic Regression and Cox Regression were used to identify the risk factors for technical failure and prognosis, respectively.

Results

Seventy‐two TAO patients with 79 lower limbs who met the criteria were included in this report. Compared with the nonatherectomy group, no significant improvement was identified in ER technical success, vascular event‐free survival, or limb salvage in the atherectomy group. The total technical success rate was 91.1% (atherectomy group, 95.2%; nonatherectomy group, 89.7%), and the multiple limb involvement (p = 0.005; odds ratio [OR], 28.16; confidence interval [CI], 3.28−241.55) was the independent risk factor for technical failure. The total vascular event‐free survival proportion was 66.05% and 58.40% at 1 and 3 years, respectively. Technical failure (OR, 5.61; 95% CI, 1.57−20.04; p = 0.008), and runoff grade 0 (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.09−9.85; p = 0.034) were independent risk factors for vascular events. The total limb salvage proportion at 1 and 3 years was 95.84% and 92.53%, respectively. Technical failure (OR, 8.54; 95% CI, 1.71−40.73; p = 0.02) was identified as an independent risk factor for above ankle amputation.

Conclusions

No significant difference in prognosis was found between the atherectomy group and the nonatherectomy group during a midterm follow‐up. The technical success of ER was crucial for TAO prognosis.
Colon perforation due to collagenous colitis: A case report
Authors: Ito Kei , Nakatsutsumi Keita , Oofuti Yuko , Otomo Yasuhiro
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical Message

Collagenous colitis (CC) is generally benign, and serious complications are rare. It is important to note that spontaneous perforation of CC is a possible complication. In the case of colon perforation of unknown origin, CC should be considered.