bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDI KEANEKARAGAMAN KAPANG PADA PROSES BIODETERIORASI BATUAN CANDI MENDUT
Authors: Pangesti Fellary , Octavia Bernadetta , Cahyandaru Nahar
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui genus kapang yang berpotensi menyebabkan kerusakan serta mengetahui jenis biodeteriorasi yang terjadi pada batuan Candi Mendut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian diawali dengan survey sampling yang dilakukan berdasarkan pada syarat : kenampakan miselium, spora, bercak warna, dan kerusakan substrat. Identifikasi kapang dilakukan secara konvensional berdasarkan pengamatan makroskopik dan mikroskopik pada kapang. Hasil dari karakterisasi dan identifikasi kemudian diidentifikasi dengan metode profile matching. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapang kontaminan yang berpotensi sebagai penyebab kerusakan pada batuan Candi Mendut adalah Penicillium (37,5%), Aspergillus (21,25%), Acremonium (28,75%), Scopulariopsis (15,3%), Chrysonilia (3,75 %), Mucor (1,25 %) dan Arthrinium (1,25 %). Genus Acremonium, Mucor dan Arthrinium berpotensi dalam kerusakan biologis yang terjadi pada batuan, serta genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, dan Scopulariopsis memicu terjadinya biofilm hitam pada batuan dan membentuk noda hitam pada batuan. Sedangkan genus Chrysonilia tidak berpotensi menyebabkan kerusakan pada batuan candi
MODIFIKASI STRUKTUR KITOSAN DENGAN NATRIUM TRIPOLIFOSFAT UNTUK MENDAPATKAN MATERIAL PELAPIS ARTEFAK KAYU
Authors: Windarti Tri , Azalia Dewi Hascaryo Fenina
Published: July 2022

Chitosan is one of natural polymers that has been widely developed for the conservation of wood artifacts. Chitosan modification with tripolyphosphate (TPP) crosslinker aims to change the linear structure of chitosan into networking. This structural change is expected to improve the performance of chitosan coating on the surface of wood artifacts. The aims of this research are to study the effect of NaTPP concentration (0.5 – 10%) as a source of TPP and sonication time (5 – 25 minutes) on the structure and morphology of chitosan. The results showed that identification of phosphate content by using UV-Vis spectrometer confirmed that no phosphate ion found in the remaining reaction solution. Treatment with sonication caused all TPP ions to physically interact with chitosan. FTIR spectra are difficult to confirm the presence of TPP because of the overlap between the energy of the phosphate vibration and the C-O stretching vibration of chitosan. TPP modified chitosan is in the form of a thin and transparent film. SEM images show that the surface of the chitosan is flat, dense and non-porous. The results of the elemental composition test with EDX showed the presence of carbon (64.98%), nitrogen (0.2%), oxygen (34.69%), and phosphorus (0.01%) on the chitosan surface. Thus, TPP-modified chitosan can be used as a candidate for wood artifact coating material, to avoid the infiltration of water molecules in the air without changing the original appearance of the artifact.
Hediye üzerine sosyolojik bir değerlendirme
Authors: KANBİR Figen
Published: July 2022

Günümüzde gerçek mekânda sürdürülen kişilerarası ilişkiler azalmaktadır. Mekânsal farkların artması ilişkilerin sıklığını ve derecesini azaltmaktadır. Bununla birlikte insan olmanın bir getirisi olan sosyallik kendine özgü farklı tatmin noktaları bulmaktadır. Bunlardan biri hediye alış-verişidir. Hediye her toplum yapısında insanlar arasında işlev ve bağ yaratmaktadır. İlkel topluluklarla alakalı çalışmalarda hediye, armağan olarak yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmalarda armağan topluluk bağının tazeleyicisi olduğu kadar kula, potlaç gibi adlarla da anılmakta ve verilene aynı değerde karşılığı zorunlu kılmaktadır. Günümüz toplumlarında ise armağan ve hediye kavramları birbirinin yerine kullanılmaktadır. Hediye kişiler, topluluklar arası ilişkilerin sürdürülmesi için önemli bir araç vazifesi görmektedir. Sanayi sonrası toplumlarda sanal ve gerçek alışveriş olanaklarıyla hediye alış-verişi hızlanmış ve çok boyutlu hale gelmiştir. Hediyenin gerçek ve çoğunlukla sanal alışveriş yoluyla kişiler arasında temas kuran bağı sosyal ilişkilerin sürekliliği için bir alternatif sunmuştur. Bu çalışma hediyenin niteliği kadar kişiler, topluluklar arası ilişkilerdeki bağlayıcı etkisini ve değişimini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Spiritualitas dengan Stres Mahasiswa yang Melakukan Praktik Keperawatan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sinurat Samfriati , Simbolon Pomarida , Zega Besty Apriani
Published: July 2022

Pandemi Corona  Virus-19  Disease (Covid-19) yang tidak dapat diprediksi kapan selesainya, berdampak  pada sektor kehidupan  pendidikan mahasiswa dalam pendidikan keperawatan didalam pengalaman belajar praktek.  Beberapa   studi  menunjukkan krisis Covid-19 dapat  meningkatkan masalah  serius  pada  kesejahteraan psikologis mahasiswa  profesi  ners seperti  ketakutan   terinfeksi   atau   tanpa sadar   menginfeksi   orang   lain. Secara positif kesejahteraan psikologis sangat erat hubungannya dengan spiritualitas sebagai motivasi, kekuatan yang mendorong, mengarahkan dan memilih perilaku mahasiswa sehingga menemukan keharmonisan dan ketenangan hidup sehingga akhirnya mengerti makna dan tujuan dan perannya sebagai mahasiswa perawat. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan spiritualitas dengan stres mahasiswa pada mahasiswa profesi dalam praktek keperawatan di masa pandemi Covid-19 pada bulan April 2021. Rancangan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian   adalah   mahasiswa   profesi   ners  STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan tahun 2021 berjumlah 84 responden dengan teknik total sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan  kuesioner DASS 42 untuk stres dengan  pendekatan survey online, data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  sebagian besar responden memiliki spritualitas sedang  (39,3%) dengan tingkat stres  sedang (41,7%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai p = 0,001 dengan nilai signifikan  p = < 0,05. Secara statistik terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara spiritualitas dengan tingkat stres mahasiswa profesi ners yang melakukan praktik keperawatan di masa pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2021. Responden perlu dukungan eksternal baik dari keluarga maupun tim kesehatan lainnya agar lebih yakin terhadap kemampuan dirinya yang memudahkan mahasiswa dalam mengatasi stres dan meningkatkan spiritualitasnya sehinga dapat melaksanakan belajar prakteknya dengan sehat dan sejahtera.
Pemanfaatan Fermentasi Singkong, Air Tebu, Gula Merah dan Kulit Pisang dalam Optimalisasi Perangkap Nyamuk (Trapping) sebagai Atraktan Perangkap
Authors: Saputra Roni , Gemala Mega , Oktarizal Hengky
Published: July 2022

Nyamuk merupakan serangga yang dapat menganggu karena selain menyebabkan rasa gatal dan sakit, beberapa jenis nyamuk merupakan vektor atau penular berbagai jenis penyakit. Salah satu pengendalian vektor nyamuk yang bebas dan ramah lingkungan ialah membuat perangkap sederhana dengan atraktan yang berisi fermentasi bahan alami. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas fermentasi singkong, fermentasi air tebu, fermentasi gula merah dan fermentasi kulit pisang sebagai atraktan nyamuk. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai alternatif metode perangkap nyamuk. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen atau percobaan (experiment research) dengan rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah (posttest – only group design). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan fermentasi singkong, fermentasi air tebu, fermentasi gula merah sebagai atraktan nyamuk tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dalam menarik nyamuk dengan jumlah nyamuk yang terperangkap adalah 62 ekor, 56 ekor, 50 ekor terlihat selama 9 hari penelitian. Sedangkan untuk untuk fermentasi kulit pisang dengan jumlah nyamuk terperangkap 27ekor pada 9 hari penelitian dan mengalami penurunan dari hari ke hari. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa fermentasi singkong adalah yang paling efektif sebagai penarik nyamuk dengan jumlah nyamuk terperangkap selama 9 hari penelitian 62 ekor , dengan rata-rata nyamuk terperangkap sebanyak 3 dan efektif pada hari ke 5 dari pengamatan.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Total pada Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bambu Surat (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae)
Authors: Mamay Mamay , Wardani Diah , Hakim Fathul
Published: July 2022

Antioksidan merupakan senyawa yang dapat menghambat reaksi oksidasi, dengan cara mengikat radikal bebas dan molekul yang sangat reaktif dalam tubuh manusia Bambu surat (G. pseudoarundinaceae) adalah salah satu jenis tanaman bambu epidemik Indonesia yang diketahui mengandung senyawa antioksidan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran aktivitas antioksidan total dalam ekstrak etanol daun muda, tua dan sangat tua bambu surat, dengan metode spektrofotometri. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif laboratorik dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini yaitu daun muda, tua dan sangat tua. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengolahan sampel dengan cara ekstraksi dengan metode meserasi cara dingin menggunakan etanol. Penetapan kadar antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometri dan data yang didapat diolah dengan perhitungan persentasi inhibisi, IC50 (inhibitory concentration), AAI (antioxidant activity index). Pada ekstrak daun muda memiliki nilai IC50 57,46 ppm, AAI 2.78; dan  pada ekstrak daun tua memiliki nilai IC50 42,02 ppm dan AAI 3.81 (AAI>2 antioksidan bersifat sangat kuat). Sedangkan ekstrak daun sangat tua memiliki nilai IC50 123,80 ppm dan AAI 1.29 (AAI>I antioksidan bersifat kuat. Lebih lanjut, Kuercetin dan vitamin C sebagai pembanding memiliki nilai IC50 dan AAI sebesar 33,74 (AAI=4,74) dan 37,91 (AAI=4,22).
Mo Koundje (“Mok”): the life of a western lowland gorilla (c.1929–1938)
Authors: Machin Rebecca
Published: July 2022

Mo Koundje (“Mok”) was a western lowland gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla) whose remains form part of the collection of Leeds Museums and Galleries. Before his early death from Bright’s disease (nephritis), he was hugely popular during six years of captivity spent at London Zoo. Newspapers from around the United Kingdom and across the globe reported Mok’s arrival at the Zoo, his exploits, illnesses and demise. While the archives of the Zoological Society of London tell us about the latter part of Mok’s life, tracing his life and journey before entering Europe has proved more difficult. However, French colonial archives held at the Archives nationales d’outre-mer, Aix-en-Provence, give glimpses of the life of his previous owner, Jean Charles André Capagorry, allowing us to piece together the long journey Mok made from a Congolese forest to a museum in Leeds.
Implementasi Kebijakan Restrukturisasi Pembiayaan Mikro Bank Syariah Pada Situasi Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Bank Syariah Indonesia Jombang)
Authors: Laukhim Mahfudz Imam
Published: July 2022

Pemerintah mengeluarkan peraturan nomor 11/POJK Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Republik Indonesia melalui Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. 03/2020 Pemulihan ekonomi nasional sebagai kebijakan anti-lingkaran terhadap dampak wabah virus corona 2019. Salah satu permasalahan tersebut tertuang dalam POJK nomor 11 / POJK. Maret 2020 merupakan restrukturisasi kredit dan keuangan untuk debitur yang terkena dampak pandemi Covid 19 dan restrukturisasi kredit/keuangan ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran terhadap peningkatan likuiditas bank. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penerapan restrukturisasi keuangan terhadap likuiditas bank syariah. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan restrukturisasi perpajakan mengikuti hasil kajian literatur yang menunjukkan bahwa tata cara pelaksanaan hibah Murabahah adalah proses pembayaran permohonan hadiah. Kata Kunci: Coronavirus, POJK, Restrukturisasi, reduksi
Pengaruh Performance, Reliability, And Trust Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Pengguna Mobile Banking BRI Syariah Kc Jombang
Authors: Andrianto Imam Kukuh , Sudarwanto Tri , Haryanti Peni
Published: July 2022

Kepuasan nasabah pengguna mobile banking terjadi karena ada unsur – unsur yang mempengaruhi diantaranya adalah performance, reliability, trust. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari performance, reliability, trust terhadap kepuasan nasabah pengguna mobile banking BRI Syariah KC Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan cara interaksi kuantitatif yang menunjukkan data berasal dari angka. Dalam pengumpulan data penelitian ini memanfaatkan perantara kuesioner. Populasi penelitian ini ialah nasabah pengguna mobile banking BRIS KC Jombang dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 76 responden. Pemeriksaan dalam penelitian ini ialah analisis regresi berganda dan uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa performance berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan nasabah pengguna mobile banking BRIS KC Jombang dengan nilai thitung (2.831) > ttabel (1.68830), reliability sangat mempengaruhi kepuasan nasabah pengguna mobile banking BRIS KC Jombang dengan nilai sebesar thitung (2.129) > ttabel (1.68830), trust sangat mempengaruhi kepuasan nasabah pengguna mobile banking BRI Syariah KC Jombang dengan nilai sebesar thitung (3.180) > ttabel (1.68830) dan kemudian variabel paling dominan dari ketiga variabel tersebut ialah trust dengan nilai sebesar (3.180).Kata kunci: Performance, Reliability, Trust, Kepuasan Nasabah
Corpus Callosum Volume in Patients with First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: AĞDANLI Onur , TOPUZOGLU Ahmet , KARABAY Nuri , ALPTEKİN Köksal
Published: July 2022

Objective In first-episode psychosis, a relationship may exist between disruption communication between two brain hemispheres and psychosis symptomatology. We aimed to investigate the relationship between corpus callosum (CC) volume and psychosis symptomatology in patients with first-episode psychosis.
Methods This is a retrospective case-control study wherein first-episode psychosis cases and healthy controls were included from inpatient unit archives of the Department of Psychiatry and Department of Radiology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine. Psychosis symptoms were assessed using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). The CC, the chief connection between two brain hemispheres, was examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); 27 patients with first-episode psychosis and 29 healthy volunteers were evaluated via 1.5-T MR. MRI findings of CC volumes of the two groups were compared. Correlations between PANSS scores and CC volume were also evaluated.
Results The CC volume was lower in patients with first-episode psychosis than in healthy controls. Moreover, we observed a significant negative correlation between the CC volume and emotional withdrawal scores, and a significant positive correlation between the CC volume and hallucinations.
Conclusions The CC is a vital structure that connects two frontal lobes of the brain. There may be CC abnormalities in first-episode psychosis. Emotional withdrawal is associated with decreased CC volume, whereas hallucinations are associated with increased CC volume. The development of these symptoms may be associated with changes in CC connections.
Development and Validation of an Indigenous Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women
Authors: Naseer Sabila , Malik Farah
Published: July 2022

The present study aimed to develop a culturally relevant and indigenous scale to assess the jealousy among polygamous women In study one, 16 semi-structured in-depth interviews with the age range of 18-60 years women (Polygamous, monogamous, experts) were conducted, and 65 items of the scale were empirically validated through content validation and Exploratory Factor Analysis on polygamous women (N = 200). The findings indicated that the Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women has five factors having internally consistent (emotional, cognitive, behavioral, sexual, and possessive jealousy). Further, independent t-test was applied to seek the differences between first and second wives on jealousy and its subscales. Means scores revealed a significant differences between first and second wives as the first wives showed more emotional, cognitive, sexual, and overall jealousy, while lower possessive jealousy than the second wives. Study II was a conducted to determine the convergent validity with psychological distress while discriminant validity with psychological well-being of newly developed Jealousy scale for polygamous women. Both were subscales of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI, Veit, & Ware, 1983). The findings revealed the positive relationship between jealousy and its sub-scales with psychological-distress while the negative relationship with psychological well-being among polygamous women. Results indicate Jealousy Scale for Polygamous Women is a valid, reliable, and promising tool in the indigenous setting.
Emotional Distress, Psychological Distress, and Hopelessness in School Teachers During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Parwez Saima , . Zainab , Rahim Sabeen
Published: July 2022

Corona virus a high transmittable diseases which is became a global health threat, has drastic negative psychological impact on human mental health. Aim of the study was to investigate hopelessness, emotional distress, and psychological distress in school teachers during corona virus pandemic. A sample of hundred was taken from different private and government schools of Peshawar which is equally divided to male (n = 50), and female (n = 50). Beck hopelessness scale, perceived emotional distress inventory, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were administered to analyze the result. Result of the study shows positive correlation between emotional distress, and psychological distress, negative correlation between hopelessness and emotional distress, and hopelessness and psychological distress. Result also revealed significant difference between male and female scores and shows that male scored higher on Beck Hopelessness Scale, female scored higher on Perceived Emotional Distress Inventory and on Kessler Psychological Distress Sale.
The Anticariogenic Efficacy of Nano Silver Fluoride
Authors: Pushpalatha C. , Bharkhavy K. V. , Shakir Arshiya , Augustine Dominic , Sowmya S. V. , Bahammam Hammam Ahmed , Bahammam Sarah Ahmed , Mohammad Albar Nassreen Hassan , Zidane Bassam , Patil Shankargouda
Published: July 2022

Dental caries is a common chronic disease, and anyone can be at threat of it throughout their lifespan. In school-aged children, dental caries is the most frequent disease related with oral health. Contemporary dental caries management focuses on non-restorative, non-invasive, and micro-invasive therapeutic techniques that effectively eliminate the caries progression at the lesion level and decrease the loss of healthy tooth structure. One of these strategies is to use caries apprehending agents with antibacterial and remineralizing characteristics. Due to recent regulatory approval in the United States, the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for the therapy of dental caries has received substantial interest. SDF has successfully prevented and reversed both primary tooth caries and permanent teeth root caries. Even though SDF is an effective anti-caries agent, but it is associated with certain drawbacks like gum irritation, metallic taste, and irreversible dark stains on applying on cavities. As an alternative agent Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) is preferable because it performs like SDF without tooth staining. It has comparable preventive and antibacterial activities as SDF. Further, it is ergonomic, economic and safe in children and adults. The current article aims to highlight the superior properties of NSF as a better anti-caries agent outstripping the limitations of discoloration of SDF.
Xiong Fu Powder Regulates the Intestinal Microenvironment to Protect Bones Against Destruction in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rat Models
Authors: Xi Xiaoyu , Ye Qinbin , Li Xiaoya , Lu Xiangchen , Fan Danping , Xia Ya , Xiao Cheng
Published: July 2022

Background

Changes in the intestinal microenvironment affected bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and spleen deficiency (SD) was closely related to the intestinal microenvironment. In this study, we aimed to explore the aggravation of SD on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and the bone protection of compound Xiong Fu powder (XFP) on CIA with SD (SD-CIA) based on the intestinal microenvironment.

Method

An SD-CIA rat model was established using Rheum officinale Baill. decoction combined with CIA and then treated with XFP. The aggravating action of SD on CIA rats and the efficacy of XFP were evaluated using AI scores, H&E staining of the joint, and level of serum anti–collagen type II antibody (Col II Ab). Bone destruction was assessed by micro-CT and TRACP staining. In addition, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and ELISA were used to evaluate gut mucosal immunity. Moreover, metagenomic sequencing was used to determine the distribution and function of the gut microbiota.

Results

Compared with that in CIA rats, bone destruction in SD-CIA rats was aggravated, as manifested by increased AI scores, more severe joint pathological changes and radiological damage, and increased number of osteoclasts (OCs) in the ankle joint. Meanwhile, the proportion of Tregs/Th17 cells was biased toward Th17 cells in Peyer’s patches. Furthermore, the gene levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were increased. In contrast, the expression of IL-10 and sIgA was decreased in the jejunum and ileum. XFP treatment improved bone damage and intestinal mucosal immune disorders compared with the SD-CIA group. In addition, the distribution and function of the gut microbiota were altered in the SD-CIA group. After XFP treatment, the community and function of the gut microbiota were regulated, manifested as increased abundance of several Lactobacillus species, such as L. acidophilus, which regulates the intestinal Tregs/Th17 cells and quorum sensing pathways, followed by promoting probiotic adhesion to the intestines.

Conclusion

SD can aggravate bone destruction in CIA rats. Compound XFP may attenuate bone destruction in SD-CIA rats by regulating the intestinal microenvironment. One of the mechanisms is the cross-talk between sIgA secretion regulated by intestinal mucosal Tregs and Th17 cells and adhesion of Lactobacillus mediated by quorum sensing.
Development of Prediction Model to Estimate the Risk of Heart Failure in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Qu Hongling , Wu Cuiyun , Ye Peiji , Lv Weibiao
Published: July 2022

Background

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of mortality and disability in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of the study is to predict the risk of HF incidence in patients with DM by developing a risk prediction model.

Methods

We constructed a regression model based on 270 inpatients with DM between February 2018 and January 2019. Binary logistic regression was applied to develop the final model incorporating the predictors selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. The nomogram was estimated with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve and calibration diagram and validated with the bootstrap method.

Results

Risk factors including age, coronary heart disease (CHD), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were incorporated in the final model as predictors. Age ≥ 61 years old, LDL, and CHD were risk factors for DM with HF, with odds ratios (ORs) of 32.84 (95% CI: 6.74, 253.99), 1.33 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.72), and 3.94 (95% CI: 1.43, 13.43), respectively. HDL was a protective factor with an OR of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.28). The area under curve of the model was 0.863 (95% confidence interval, 0.812∼0.913). The plot of the calibration showed that there was a good consistency between predicted probability and actual probability. Harrell’s C-index of the nomogram was 0.845, and the model showed satisfactory calibration in the internal validation cohort.

Conclusion

The prediction nomogram we developed can estimate the possibility of HF in patients with DM according the predictor items.
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Is Not Associated With Pulmonary Edema in Septic Patients. A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Kahl Ursula , Schirren Leah , Yu Yuanyuan , Lezius Susanne , Fischer Marlene , Menke Maja , Sinning Christoph , Nierhaus Axel , Vens Maren , Zöllner Christian , Kluge Stefan , Goepfert Matthias S. , Roeher Katharina
Published: July 2022

Purpose

We aimed to investigate whether left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is associated with pulmonary edema in septic patients.

Methods

We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult septic patients between October 2018 and May 2019. We performed repeated echocardiography and lung ultrasound examinations within the first 7 days after diagnosis of sepsis. We defined LVDD according to the 2016 recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography and—for sensitivity analysis—according to an algorithm which has been validated in septic patients. We quantified pulmonary edema using the lung ultrasound score (LUSS), counting B-lines in four intercostal spaces.

Results

We included 54 patients. LVDD was present in 51 (42%) of 122 echocardiography examinations. The mean (±SD) LUSS was 11 ± 6. There was no clinically meaningful association of LVDD with LUSS (B = 0.55 [95%CI: −1.38; 2.47]; p = 0.571). Pneumonia was significantly associated with higher LUSS (B = 4.42 [95%CI: 0.38; 8.5]; p = 0.033).

Conclusion

The lack of a clinically meaningful association of LVDD with LUSS suggests that LVDD is not a major contributor to pulmonary edema in septic patients.

Trial Registration

NCT03768752, ClinicalTrials.gov, November 30th, 2018 - retrospectively registered.
The Relationship Between Atrial Fibrillation and Intestinal Flora With Its Metabolites
Authors: Lu Dasheng , Zou Xinyue , Zhang Hongxiang
Published: July 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by high morbidity and disability rate. The incidence of AF has rapidly increased due to increased aging population, causing a serious burden on society and patients. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the prevention and treatment of AF. Several studies have assessed the occurrence, development mechanism, and intervention measures of AF. The human gut has several non-pathogenic microorganisms forming the gut flora. The human gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the construction and operation of the metabolic system and immune system. Emerging clinical studies and basic experiments have confirmed that intestinal flora and its metabolites have a role in some metabolic disorders and chronic inflammatory diseases. Moreover, the gut microbiota has a role in cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and heart failure. However, the relationship between AF and gut microbiota is unclear. This review summarizes the relevant literature on the relationship between AF and intestinal flora with its metabolites, including Trimethylamine N-Oxide, short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and bile acids. Therefore, this review may enhance further development of related research.
Non-Linear Correlation Between Tumor Size and Survival Outcomes for Parathyroid Carcinoma: A SEER Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Kun , Su Anping , Wang Xiaofei , Zhao Wanjun , He Linye , Wei Tao , Li Zhihui , Zhu Jingqiang , Chen Ya-Wen
Published: July 2022

Background

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare malignancy without a commonly acknowledged prognostic assessment and treatment system. This study captures how independent prognostic factors and tumor size correlate with outcomes in patients with PC.

Methods

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to perform a retrospective analysis on PC patients from 2000 to 2018. Univariate and multivariable survival analyses were performed to evaluate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), to identify independent prognostic factors in the PC patient population. A generalized additive model was applied to conduct smooth curve fitting and to examine the association between tumor size and relative risk of death.

Results

A total of 590 patients were included. The 5- and 10-year OS were 80.8% and 67.1%, respectively. 5- and 10-year CSS was estimated to be 93.6% and 92.1%, respectively. The association between tumor size and relative risk of death can be generalized as a U-shaped curve. The mortality risk reaches its lowest point when tumor diameter approaches 2cm. At a tumor diameter cutoff of 3cm for CSS and 4cm for OS, there is an abrupt drop in survival rates. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed age, no surgery, and debulking surgery as consistent predictors of lower OS and CSS.

Conclusions

A non-linear correlation between tumor size and death risk has been identified in patients with PC, along with an accurate size threshold at which survival rates sharply decrease. Further investigation is needed to determine if these trends are seen in other malignancies with promising prognoses.
Improving Power Grid Resilience Under Extreme Weather Conditions With Proper Regulation and Management of DERs—Experiences Learned From the 2021 Texas Power Crisis
Authors: Pan Weiqi , Li Yang
Published: July 2022

Due to climate change in the past few decades, extreme weather conditions have become more frequent and caused power outages with enormous damage to the well-being and the economy. Affected by extremely cold weather, the 2021 Texas power crisis deployed the most significant firm load shedding in US history, costing the economy $10 billion to $20 billion via direct and indirect loss. The North American Electric Reliability Organization (NERC), Federal Energy Commission (FERC), and other literature studies conducted post-event analysis from the perspective of conventional power systems’ planning and operation, and little discussion was made on the distributed energy resources (DERs). Based on the actual data on the 2021 Texas power crisis, this study analyzed the role of DERs in this event and showed the importance of effective regulation and management in improving power grid resilience under such extreme weather conditions.
Multi-Omics Analysis of Molecular Characteristics and Carcinogenic Effect of NFE2L3 in Pan-Cancer
Authors: Liu Mengxiao , Wei Hui , Yang Jing , Chen Xia , Wang Haoying , Zheng Ya , Wang Yuping , Zhou Yongning
Published: July 2022

NFE2L3, also known as NFE2L3, is a nuclear transcription factor associated with the pathogenesis and progression of human tumors. To systematically and comprehensively investigate the role of NFE2L3 in tumors, a pan-cancer analysis was performed using multi-omics data, including gene expression analysis, diagnostic and prognostic analysis, epigenetic methylation analysis, gene alteration analysis, immune feature analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and tumor cell functional status analysis. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of NFE2L3 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) was explored. The relationship between NFE2L3 expression and survival prognosis of patients with LIHC was analyzed and a nomogram prediction model was constructed. Our study showed that NFE2L3 expression was upregulated in most cancers, suggesting that NFE2L3 may play an important role in promoting cancer progression. NFE2L3 expression is closely related to DNA methylation, genetic alteration, immune signature, and tumor cell functional status in pan-cancers. Furthermore, NFE2L3 was demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for LIHC, and the nomogram model based on NFE2L3 expression had good prediction efficiency for the overall survival of patients with LIHC. In summary, our study indicated that NFE2L3 may be an important molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of pan-cancer. NFE2L3 is expected to be a potential molecular target for the treatment of tumors.
Genome-Wide Identification of Powdery Mildew Responsive Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cucurbita pepo
Authors: Tian Jiaxing , Zhang Guoyu , Zhang Fan , Ma Jian , Wen Changlong , Li Haizhen
Published: July 2022

Cucurbita pepo L. is an essential economic vegetable crop worldwide, and its production is severely affected by powdery mildew (PM). However, our understanding of the molecular mechanism of PM resistance in C. pepo is very limited. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in regulating plant responses to biotic stress. Here, we systematically identified 2,363 reliably expressed lncRNAs from the leaves of PM-susceptible (PS) and PM-resistant (PR) C. pepo. The C. pepo lncRNAs are shorter in length and expressed at a lower level than the protein-coding transcripts. Among the 2,363 lncRNAs, a total of 113 and 146 PM-responsive lncRNAs were identified in PS and PR, respectively. Six PM-responsive lncRNAs were predicted as potential precursors of microRNAs (miRNAs). In addition, 58 PM-responsive lncRNAs were predicted as targets of miRNAs and one PM-responsive lncRNA was predicted as an endogenous target mimic (eTM). Furthermore, a total of 5,200 potential cis target genes and 5,625 potential trans target genes were predicted for PM-responsive lncRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these potential target genes are involved in different biological processes, such as the plant-pathogen interaction pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and plant hormone signal transduction pathway. Taken together, this study provides a comprehensive view of C. pepo lncRNAs and explores the putative functions of PM-responsive lncRNAs, thus laying the foundation for further study of the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs responding to PM.
The Lung Alveolar Cell (LAC) miRNome and Gene Expression Profile of the SP-A-KO Mice After Infection With and Without Rescue With Human Surfactant Protein-A2 (1A0)
Authors: Thorenoor Nithyananda , Floros Joanna
Published: July 2022

Human surfactant protein (SP)-A1 and SP-A2 exhibit differential qualitative and quantitative effects on the alveolar macrophage (AM), including a differential impact on the AM miRNome. Moreover, SP-A rescue (treatment) of SP-A-knockout (KO) infected mice impoves survival. Here, we studied for the first time the role of exogenous SP-A protein treatment on the regulation of lung alveolar cell (LAC) miRNome, the miRNA-RNA targets, and gene expression of SP-A-KO infected mice of both sexes. Toward this, SP-A-KO mice of both sexes were infected withKlebsiella pneumoniae, and half of them were also treated with SP-A2 (1A0). After 6 h of infection/SP-A treatment, the expression levels and pathways of LAC miRNAs, genes, and target miRNA-mRNAs were studied in both groups. We found 1) significant differences in the LAC miRNome, genes, and miRNA-mRNA targets in terms of sex, infection, and infection plus SP-A2 (1A0) protein rescue; 2) an increase in the majority of miRNA-mRNA targets in both study groups in KO male vs. female mice and involvement of the miRNA-mRNA targets in pathways of inflammation, antiapoptosis, and cell cycle; 3) genes with significant changes to be involved in TP-53, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and cell cycle signaling nodes; 4) when significant changes in the expression of molecules from all analyses (miRNAs, miRNA-mRNA targets, and genes) were considered, two signaling pathways, the TNF and cell cycle, referred to as “integrated pathways” were shown to be significant; 5) the cell cycle pathway to be present in all comparisons made. Because SP-A could be used therapeutically in pulmonary diseases, it is important to understand the molecules and pathways involved in response to an SP-A acute treatment. The information obtained contributes to this end and may help to gain insight especially in the case of infection.
Risk, Incidence, and Mortality of Breast Cancer in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Deng Jian , Liu Mengsi , Xiao Ruoyi , Wang Jin , Liao Xibei , Ye Zhen , Sun Zhen
Published: July 2022

Background

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and breast cancer are a highly prevalent autoimmune disease and malignancy, respectively, both occurring predominantly in females. Whether there is a link between these two diseases is uncertain. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the risk, incidence, and mortality of breast cancer in patients with pSS.

Methods

We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science on January 31, 2022 to identify the study that assessed risk, incidence, or mortality of breast cancer in pSS. The fixed or random-effects models were applied to pool the effect estimates based on heterogeneity measured by Cochran’s Q-test and Higgins’ I2.

Results

Ten studies involving 725,805 participants and 64,836 pSS patients were included in our analysis. The pooled result showed that, overall, pSS was not associated with the risk (SIR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.66-1.29, P=0.646) and mortality (HR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.26-2.34, P = 0.664) of breast cancer; however, when stratified by geographic region, we found that patients with pSS in Asian countries (SIR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.10-1.58, P=0.003) and Argentina (SIR=3.76, 95%CI: 1.04-9.45, P=0.019) had an elevated risk of breast cancer, while pSS in Europe was associated with a reduced risk (SIR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.51-0.73, P<0.001). The pooled result from 28,635 female pSS patients indicated that the incidence of breast cancer was 2.15 (95% CI: 1.33-3.50) per 1000 person/years.

Conclusion

This study suggests that there may be geographical differences in the association between pSS and breast cancer risk; patients with pSS in European countries are associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, while Asia and Argentina are the opposite. Future research is needed to further characterize the effect of pSS on breast cancer risk and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association to unravel the complex relationship between the two.
Glycolysis in Innate Immune Cells Contributes to Autoimmunity
Authors: Xu Yue , Chen Yongkang , Zhang Xuan , Ma Jie , Liu Yudong , Cui Liyan , Wang Fang
Published: July 2022

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) refer to connective tissue inflammation caused by aberrant autoantibodies resulting from dysfunctional immune surveillance. Most of the current treatments for AIDs use non-selective immunosuppressive agents. Although these therapies successfully control the disease process, patients experience significant side effects, particularly an increased risk of infection. There is a great need to study the pathogenesis of AIDs to facilitate the development of selective inhibitors for inflammatory signaling to overcome the limitations of traditional therapies. Immune cells alter their predominant metabolic profile from mitochondrial respiration to glycolysis in AIDs. This metabolic reprogramming, known to occur in adaptive immune cells, i.e., B and T lymphocytes, is critical to the pathogenesis of connective tissue inflammation. At the cellular level, this metabolic switch involves multiple signaling molecules, including serine–threonine protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Although glycolysis is less efficient than mitochondrial respiration in terms of ATP production, immune cells can promote disease progression by enhancing glycolysis to satisfy cellular functions. Recent studies have shown that active glycolytic metabolism may also account for the cellular physiology of innate immune cells in AIDs. However, the mechanism by which glycolysis affects innate immunity and participates in the pathogenesis of AIDs remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms, including key enzymes, signaling pathways, and inflammatory factors, that could explain the relationship between glycolysis and the pro-inflammatory phenotype of innate immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Additionally, we summarize the impact of glycolysis on the pathophysiological processes of AIDs, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, and ankylosing spondylitis, and discuss potential therapeutic targets. The discovery that immune cell metabolism characterized by glycolysis may regulate inflammation broadens the avenues for treating AIDs by modulating immune cell metabolism.
First-Trimester Serum Cytokine Profile in Pregnancies Conceived After Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) With Subsequent Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension
Authors: Lan Xiangxin , Guo Ling , Zhu Shiqin , Cao Yongzhi , Niu Yue , Han Shuwen , Li Zeyan , Li Yan , Yan Junhao
Published: July 2022

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is one of the most common pregnancy complications that seriously affects the mother and fetus. The incidence of PIH is higher in pregnancies conceived after assisted reproductive technology (ART) than in spontaneous pregnancies; thus, exploring potential serum biomarkers before PIH onset is of great significance for effective early prediction and prevention of PIH in the ART population. Cytokines are involved in the inflammatory response and immune regulation, which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of PIH. A description of the cytokine profile in the first trimester of pregnancy could help identify new diagnostic tools and develop targeted therapies for PIH in the ART population. The concentrations of classical predictive markers for PIH and another 48 cytokines were measured in the first-trimester pregnancy serum samples from 33 PIH patients and 33 matched normotensive controls (NC), both of whom conceived after ART treatment. The measured values were compared and analyzed between NC and PIH, followed by comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and logistic regression analysis. There was no significant difference in classical predictive markers, including Activin A, PlGF, sFLT1 (VEGFR), and sFLT1/PlGF, between the PIH and NC groups (P> 0.05), while 29 cytokines were significantly lower in the PIH group than in the NC group (P< 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that 17 cytokines (IL-2Rα, M-CSF, IL-6, IL-2, β-NGF, IL-7, IL-12 (p70), SCF, IL-10, IL-9, MIG, GM-CSF, LIF, IL-1α, MCP-3, IL-4, and HGF) in the first-trimester pregnancy serum were significantly negatively correlated with the subsequent onset of PIH. With the top 3 cytokines (IL-7, MIG, and SCF) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, we constructed an efficient multifactor combined detection and prediction model for PIH in ART pregnancy. Classical early predictors for hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy cannot distinguish PIH from their normal peers in ART pregnancy. In comparison, the description of the cytokine profile in the first trimester of pregnancy enables us to distinguish high-risk ART pregnancy for PIH, permitting enough time for PIH prevention therapy. The cytokine profile we described also provides immunological insight into the further mechanistic exploration of PIH.
A Proposed Link Between Acute Thymic Involution and Late Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy
Authors: Lagou Maria K. , Anastasiadou Dimitra P. , Karagiannis George S.
Published: July 2022

Epidemiologic data suggest that cancer survivors tend to develop a protuberant number of adverse late effects, including second primary malignancies (SPM), as a result of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Besides the genotoxic potential of these drugs that directly inflict mutational burden on genomic DNA, the precise mechanisms contributing to SPM development are poorly understood. Cancer is nowadays perceived as a complex process that goes beyond the concept of genetic disease and includes tumor cell interactions with complex stromal and immune cell microenvironments. The cancer immunoediting theory offers an explanation for the development of nascent neoplastic cells. Briefly, the theory suggests that newly emerging tumor cells are mostly eliminated by an effective tissue immunosurveillance, but certain tumor variants may occasionally escape innate and adaptive mechanisms of immunological destruction, entering an equilibrium phase, where immunologic tumor cell death “equals” new tumor cell birth. Subsequent microenvironmental pressures and accumulation of helpful mutations in certain variants may lead to escape from the equilibrium phase, and eventually cause an overt neoplasm. Cancer immunoediting functions as a dedicated sentinel under the auspice of a highly competent immune system. This perspective offers the fresh insight that chemotherapy-induced thymic involution, which is characterized by the extensive obliteration of the sensitive thymic epithelial cell (TEC) compartment, can cause long-term defects in thymopoiesis and in establishment of diverse T cell receptor repertoires and peripheral T cell pools of cancer survivors. Such delayed recovery of T cell adaptive immunity may result in prolonged hijacking of the cancer immunoediting mechanisms, and lead to development of persistent and mortal infections, inflammatory disorders, organ-specific autoimmunity lesions, and SPMs. Acknowledging that chemotherapy-induced thymic involution is a potential risk factor for the emergence of SPM demarcates new avenues for the rationalized development of pharmacologic interventions to promote thymic regeneration in patients receiving cytoreductive chemotherapies.
mCRP as a Biomarker of Adult-Onset Still’s Disease: Quantification of mCRP by ELISA
Authors: Fujita Chitose , Sakurai Yasuo , Yasuda Yuki , Homma Rino , Huang Cheng-Long , Fujita Masaaki
Published: July 2022

Background

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a dynamic protein that undergoes conformational changes between circulating native pentameric CRP (pCRP), pentameric symmetrical forms (pCRP*) and monomeric (or modified) CRP (mCRP) forms. mCRP exhibits strong pro-inflammatory activity and activates platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells. Abundant deposition of mCRP in inflamed tissues plays a role in several disease conditions, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, Alzheimer’s disease, and cardiovascular disease. Although pCRP is typically quantified rather than mCRP for clinical purposes, mCRP may be a more appropriate disease marker of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, simple methods for quantifying mCRP are needed.

Methods

We developed a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure plasma levels of mCRP. Plasma mCRP concentration was measured in patients with adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) (n=20), polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) (n=20), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n=30), infection (n=50), and in control subjects (n=30) using the developed ELISA.

Results

We demonstrated that mCRP is elevated in some inflammatory autoimmune diseases, particularly AOSD. The mCRP concentration was also significantly higher among AOSD patients than RA, PMR patients and controls (477 ng/ml, 77 ng/ml, 186 ng/ml, and 1.2 ng/ml, respectively). Also, the mCRP (×1,000)/pCRP ratio was significantly higher among AOSD patients than RA, PMR, and infection patients (3.5, 0.6, 1,6, and 2.0, respectively).

Conclusion

The plasma mCRP levels are elevated in some autoimmune diseases, particularly AOSD. The plasma mCRP levels may therefore be a potentially useful biomarker for AOSD.
The Transcription Factor ThPOK Regulates ILC3 Lineage Homeostasis and Function During Intestinal Infection
Authors: Gao Xianzhi , Shen Xin , Liu Kuai , Lu Chenyu , Fan Ying , Xu Qianying , Meng Xiaoyu , Hong Shenghui , Huang Zhengwei , Liu Xia , Lu Linrong , Wang Lie
Published: July 2022

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been identified as a heterogeneous population of lymphocytes that mirrors the cytokine and transcriptional profile of adaptive T cells. The dynamic balance between key transcription factors determines the heterogeneity, plasticity, and functions of ILC subsets. The transcription factor ThPOK is highly conserved in biological evolution and exerts pivotal functions in the differentiation of T cells. However, the function of ThPOK in ILC3s has not been identified. Here, we found that ThPOK regulated the homeostasis of ILC3s, as mice lacking ThPOK showed decreased NKp46+ ILC3s and increased CCR6- NKp46- ILC3s. ThPOK-deficient mice were more sensitive to S. typhimurium infection due to the impaired IFN-γ secretion of NKp46+ ILC3s. Furthermore, ThPOK participates in ILC3-mediated control of C. rodentium infection by negatively regulating IL-17A secretion. ThPOK preserves the identity of NKp46+ ILC3s by repressing RORγt, which indirectly releases T-bet expression. On the molecular level, ThPOK directly binds to Rorc and Il23r to restrain their expression which further modulates IL-17A secretion. Collectively, our analysis revealed a critical role of ThPOK in the homeostasis and functions of ILC3 subsets.