bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-flow nasal cannula improves hypoxemia in dogs failing conventional oxygen therapy
Authors: Frischer Robert , Daly Jennifer , Haggerty Jamie , Guenther Christine
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

A prospective clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in dogs with hypoxemia.

ANIMALS

20 client-owned dogs failing conventional oxygen therapy (COT).

PROCEDURES

Patients admitted to the ICU for treatment of hypoxemic respiratory failure were enrolled in the study. PaO2, SPO2, respiratory rate (RR), and acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation scores were obtained at the time of COT failure and after initiation of HFNC. Complications and patient tolerance while receiving HFNC were also recorded.

RESULTS

Compared to COT, the median PaO2 and SO2 were significantly higher when dogs were receiving HFNC (60.8 vs 135.6 mm Hg and 90.7% vs 99.25%, respectively). Dogs receiving HFNC had a significant reduction in median RR as compared to dogs undergoing COT (52 vs 36 breaths per minute). After the initiation of HFNC, all dogs showed clinical improvement as measured by PaO2, SO2, and RR. Of 20 dogs, 6 ultimately failed HFNC and mechanical ventilation was recommended. Nine dogs undergoing HFNC survived to discharge, and acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation scores had a significant positive severity correlation with death. Complications included pneumothorax in 1 dog.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

COT has limited flow rates due to airway irritation caused by room temperature, nonhumidified oxygen. HFNC uses vapor humidification and heated oxygen, allowing for higher flow rates. In people, HFNC is used as escalation of oxygen therapy when COT fails. Dogs treated with HFNC had significant improvements in PaO2, SO2, and RR as compared to COT. HFNC is well tolerated and effective in treating hypoxemia in dogs.
Da (eventual) inconstitucionalidade do Código do Procedimento Administrativo aplicado enquanto fonte garantística dos contribuintes e o problema decorrente da (alegada) falta de autorização legislativa específica
Authors: Pica Luís Manuel
Published: November 2022

O presente estudo procura uma abordagem breve sobre a aplicabilidade do “novo” Código do Procedimento Administrativo à matéria centralizada na figura dos impostos, pois, sendo as normas administrativas fonte de direito subsidiário das normas tributárias, acabarão estas por ser convocadas a dar guarida legal às eventuais lacunas existentes e que devam ser reguladas pelo direito administrativo geral. Procedendo o Código do Procedimento Administrativo de um ato normativo do Governo, mediante prévia autorização do órgão legiferante, levantam-se, contudo, sérias dúvidas quanto à extensão material adotada na lei de autorização legislativa, designadamente quanto às “garantias dos contribuintes”.
Recensão a Söllner, Alfred/Baldus, Christian, Römisches Recht, 1. Auflage, Heidelberg, Jedermann-Verlag, 2022, 306 pp. (ISBN: 978- 3-86825-353-5)
Authors: Eckenroth Moreira Luísa
Published: November 2022

Recensão a Söllner, Alfred/Baldus, Christian, Römisches Recht, 1. Auflage, Heidelberg, Jedermann-Verlag, 2022, 306 pp. (ISBN: 978-3-86825-353-5).
Petro-Archaeometric Study of Pre-Roman Pottery from the Archaeological Site of Bec Berciassa (Roccavione, Cuneo, North-West Italy): Technological Remarks from Petrographic Study of Tempers
Authors:   DSTA – Università degli Studi di Pavia, via A. Ferrata 9, I27100, Pavia, Italy, Riccardi Maria Pia ,   Laboratorio Arvedi, sede di Pavia, via A. Ferrata 9, I27100, Pavia, Italy, Cesana Deneb ,   Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le province di Alessandria, Asti e Cuneo, Cittadella – via Pavia snc, I15121, Alessandra, Italy, Musa Maya ,   DSTA – Università degli Studi di Pavia, via A. Ferrata 9, I27100, Pavia, Italy, Martini Sergio ,   Fondazione “La Pietra Lesa”, via Olmazzo 42, I27040, Mornico Losana, Italy, Zucca Francesco ,   DSTA – Università degli Studi di Pavia, via A. Ferrata 9, I27100, Pavia, Italy
Published: November 2022

The petro-archaeometric study of ceramics from the Rittatore excavations, Bec Berciassa archaeological site, was carried out on pottery sherds attributed to an older phase dating back to the Late Bronze Age. This collection represents a small sampling of pottery and the chronology of most of this material is homogeneously ascribable to a period between the 6th and the beginning of the 4th century BC (Iron Age). In addition to the archaeometric study, a geological survey highlighted the resources of the area potentially useful for the development of prehistoric communities, including resources that could be used for ceramic production. A thin section study under optical microscope distinguished five ceramic mixtures. They are mostly coarse-grained, hiatal, and serial-textured, calibrated with the addition of fillers. The fine matrix is homogeneous in composition, although with compositional variations in Fe2O3. Therefore, it is possible to hypothesise a single source of supply. The different types of filler can be traced back to minerals and rocks found outcropping within the basins of the Gesso and Vermenagna rivers and thus potentially present as pebbles in their beds. Calc-schists, sparitic calcite, magmatic rocks (granites and aplites), and sericite-schists have been used since the Bronze Age; quartz sandstones and quartzites are only present in Iron Age pottery. At a macroscopic level, all these filler agents are light in colour, tending to white, almost as if the colour and homogeneity of the geological material were a criterion of choice dictated more by tradition and know-how rather than by any particular technological choice.
Deficits in Decent Work: Employer Perspectives and Practices on the Quality of Employment in Domestic Work in Urban India
Authors: Bhan Gautam , Ravindranath Divya , Rai Chowdhury Antara , Mehra Rashee , Sinha Divij , Kiran Amruth , Malladi Teja
Published: November 2022

The key question of this study is to ask: what is the quality of employment of paid domestic work in urban India? We measured quality by looking at income security (wages, bonus, increments); employment and work security (terms of termination, terms of assistance in illness or injury); and social security (terms of paid leave, medical insurance, and maternity entitlements). We additionally assessed channels of recruitment of paid domestic workers. We did so for 3,067 households in two large metropolitan Indian cities– Bengaluru and Chennai – with variations across socio-economic status, caste, religion, neighbourhood type and across households with and without women working for wages.
The 46th Reconnaissance Squadron: Arctic Exploration and Questions of Sovereignty in the Early Cold War
Authors: Murray David
Published: November 2022

In the early Cold War, the Arctic emerged as a key region in American military planning. In 1946, the newly formed US Strategic Air Command deployed the 46th Reconnaissance Squadron to Alaska to improve navigational and cold weather flying capabilities. Major projects assigned to the squadron included the search for undiscovered land masses in the polar region, should any exist, and the establishment of an air route between Ladd Airfield, Alaska and the US base at Meeks Field, Iceland, which involved overflights of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. This paper will explore the core projects within this initiative and how the US sought to manage Canadian sovereignty interests as it pursued its strategic objectives against the Soviet Union.

Au début de la Guerre froide, l’Arctique est devenu une région clé de la planification militaire américaine. En 1946, le nouveau Strategic Air Command des États-Unis a déployé le 46e escadron de reconnaissance en Alaska pour améliorer les capacités de navigation et de vol par temps froid. Les principaux projets assignés à l’escadron comprenaient la recherche de masses terrestres non découvertes dans la région polaire, s’il en existait, et l’établissement d’une route aérienne entre l’aérodrome de Ladd, en Alaska, et la base américaine de Meeks Field, en Islande, qui supposait des survols de l’Archipel arctique canadien. Cet article étudie les principaux projets de cette initiative et les efforts déployés par les États-Unis pour gérer les intérêts de souveraineté du Canada alors qu’ils poursuivaient leurs objectifs stratégiques contre l’Union soviétique.
APLIKASI PROBIOTIK WARETHA PADA PETERNAK ITIK PETELUR DI NAGARI ATAR KECAMATAN PADANG GANTING KEBUPATEN TANAH DATAR
Authors: Wizna Wizna , Rusfidra Rusfidra , Rias M. I. , Andika R.
Published: November 2022

Program ini dilakukan pada peternakan itik Nagari Atar Kecamatan Padang Ganting Kabupaten tanah Datar Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah pengembangan ternak itik seperti mahalnya harga pakan, minimnya informasi tentang penyusunan ransum berbasis bahan lokal dan sistem pemeliharaan yang masih tradisional. Selain itu kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan peternak tentang probiotik dan manfaat serta cara penggunaannya, sehingga dengan penggunaan probiotik Waretha pada ternak itik petelur dapat mengatasi permasalahan dalam pengembangan usaha ternak itik petelur seperti dapat menekan biaya pakan yang tinggi dan lebih terjangkau bagi usaha peternakan rakyat. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa pendekatan yaitu pembelajaran berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan dengan tim sebagai fasilitator berupa pengenalan produk probiotik Waretha dan mempraktekkan cara penggunaannya serta cara penyusunan ransum itik petelur berbagai tingkat umur, sehingga dengan penggunaan probiotik Waretha dapat menekan biaya pakan yang tinggi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah mengurangi biaya produksi, meningkatkan pendapatan peternak dan dapat mengurangi bau feses di sekitar kandang yang ramah lingkungan serta meningkatkan pengetahuan peternak tentang manfaat dan cara penggunaan probiotik Waretha. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan pemberdayaan peternak itik petelur melalui penggunaan probiotik Waretha di Nagari Atar Kecamatan Padang Ganting Kabupaten Tanah datar ini adalah dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan peternak tentang manajemen pemeliharaan ternak itik petelur dengan menggunakan probiotik Waretha dan penggunaan bahan pakan lokal, sehingga dapat mengurangi biaya produksi dan menekan biaya pakan.
INOVASI PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN PUPUK KANDANG DI NAGARI SUNGAI KUNYIT KABUPATEN SOLOK SELATAN
Authors: Syaiful Ferry Lismanto , Siahaan Alprian Alpred , Putri Resti Hidayati
Published: November 2022

Nagari Sungai Kunyit, Solok Selatan dijuluki sebagai daerah perkebunan. Sebagian besar lahan perkebunannya berupa perkebunan kelapa sawit. Luasnya lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit di nagari ini sering terjadi peningkatan jumlah buah sawit dan CPO yang dihasilkan sehingga menyebabkan limpahnya produksi limbah sawit seperti tanda kosong kelapa sawit. Namun potensi limbah sawit ini belum termanfaatkan menjadikan komoditas yang bernilai ekonomis. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengolahan limbah tersebut menjadi pupuk kompos. Kegiatan ini bertujuan 1. meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan kelompok tani di Nagari Sungai Kunyit dalam pengolahan tandan kosong kelapa sawit sebagai pupuk organik, dan 2. meningkatkan motivasi kelompok tani di Nagari Sungai Kunyit untuk menggunakan pupuk organik dalam usaha budidaya pertaniannya. Kegiatan ini telah dilaksanakan di Nagari Sungai Kunyit Kecamatan Sangir Balai Janggo Kabupaten Solok Selatan. Sasaran kegiatan adalah kelompok tani di Nagari Sungai Kunyit, Solok Selatan. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini yaitu sosialisasi/penyuluhan, pelatihan dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, ketrampilan dan pemahaman mitra dalam membuat pupuk organik berbahan dasar tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pupuk kandang. Bahkan mampu meningkatkan motivasi kelompok tani di Nagari Sungai Kunyit, Solok Selatan dalam pembuatan pupuk organik tersebut. Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan dapat ditarik simpulan bahwa pembuatan pupuk organik dapat dilakukan bersama mitra yang berbahan dasar tandan kelapa sawit kosong dan pupuk kandang. Diharapkan ini dapat berkelanjutan sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanamannya.
PENGARUH PENERIMAAN PAJAK, PMDN, DAN NERACA PERDAGANGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
Authors: Ramadhania Tiara Salsabilla , Gazali Masfar
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh Penerimaan Pajak, Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN), dan Neraca Perdagangan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data time series seluruh variabel secara triwulan dari tahun 2013-2021. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hanya variabel PMDN yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia tahun 2013-2021. Sedangkan variabel lainnya seperti penerimaan pajak dan neraca perdagangan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia tahun 2013-2021. Namun secara simultan variabel Penerimaan Pajak, PMDN, dan Neraca perdagangan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia tahun 2013-2021.
PENGARUH OPINI AUDIT PERGANTIAN MANAJEMEN AUDIT FEE DAN REPUTASI AUDITOR TERHADAP AUDITOR SWITCHING
Authors: Muslimah Irawati , Pohan Hotman Tohir
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh  opini audit, pergantian manajemen, audit fee dan reputasi auditor terhadap auditor switching perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan data yang ada pada website www.idx.co.id. Menggunakan 35 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria sampel dengan jumlah pengamatan sebanyak 155. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu logistic regression analysis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Opini Audit dan Pergantian Manajemen berpengaruh positif terhadap Audit Swiching, Audit fee, Leverage dan Profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap Audit Switching dan Reputasi auditor berpengaruh negatif terhadap audit switching.
Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of Bleed Modeling in Shock/Turbulent Interactions
Authors: Schwartz Matthew J. , Gaitonde Datta V. , Slater John W.
Published: November 2022

Bleed is often used to alleviate the detrimental effects of shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions in high-speed vehicles. Simulations play a crucial role in successfully implementing this control methodology; however, high-fidelity approaches are prohibitively expensive for parametric design studies. Thus, simplified models are typically employed. The errors introduced by these models are difficult to quantify, especially under off-design conditions, which results in compounding uncertainties in realistic configurations. To address this knowledge gap, a three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation with discrete bleed holes is compared to a two-dimensional simulation with a bleed boundary condition. Notable differences in boundary-layer shape and turbulence parameters are observed, which are then used to perform sensitivity analyses on an impinging shock response. The response quantity of interest is the shock-reflection angle, for which a variation of more than 3 deg is observed. The most sensitive input uncertainties are found to be the inflow shape factor and the eddy viscosity magnitude, which have not been directly explored in existing models. Therefore, this work assimilates the simulation results to account for the observed disagreement between existing experimental and numerical campaigns. Additionally, the identified sensitive parameters inform future model development efforts, thus aiding in improving the design capabilities of high-speed inlets.
Comparative Modal Study of the Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Transonic Shock Buffet
Authors: Poplingher Lior , Raveh Daniella E.
Published: November 2022

A computational comparative study of the shock buffet phenomenon is presented. A comparison between the two-dimensional airfoil buffet and the three-dimensional swept-wing buffet is made at pre-buffet and developed buffet flow conditions to shed further light on the distinct mechanisms that characterize the phenomena. We perform modal analysis using dynamic mode decomposition and compare the dominant modal shapes and time-space evolution of the wing’s full flow field to the airfoil. This allows to characterize their distinct dominant driving mechanisms. While the airfoil buffet involves a strong interaction between the shock wave and the separated boundary layer behind it, we show that the finite-wing buffet exhibits mainly spanwise traveling perturbations that induce only small chordwise shock travel, with only weak interaction between the shock wave and boundary layer. The finite-wing shock excursion distance is significantly smaller than the airfoil’s, while the average chordwise shock wave velocities are shown to be comparable, providing a physical explanation for the swept-wing buffet frequencies that are higher than those of an airfoil.
Accurate Multilayered Shell Buckling Analysis via the Implicit-Mesh Discontinuous Galerkin Method
Authors: Guarino Giuliano , Gulizzi Vincenzo , Milazzo Alberto
Published: November 2022

A novel formulation for the linear buckling analysis of multilayered shells is presented. High-order equivalent-single-layer shell theories based on the through-the-thickness expansion of the covariant components of the displacement field are employed. The novelty of the formulation regards the governing equations solution via implicit-mesh discontinuous Galerkin method. It is a high-order accurate numerical technique based on a discontinuous representation of the solution among the mesh elements and on the use of suitably defined boundary integrals to enforce the continuity of the solution at the inter-element interfaces as well as the boundary conditions. Owing to its discontinuous nature, it can be naturally employed with nonconventional meshes. In this work, it is combined with the implicitly defined mesh technique, whereby the mesh of the shell modeling domain is constructed by intersecting an easy-to-generate background grid and a level set function implicitly representing the cutouts. Several numerical examples are considered for the buckling loads of plates and shells modeled by different theories and characterized by various materials, geometry, boundary conditions, and cutouts. The obtained results are compared with literature and finite-element solutions, and they demonstrate the accuracy and the robustness of the proposed approach.
SOIL EROSION DEGRADATION RESEARCH METHODS IN THE BRODIV DISTRICT
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Hulko Oleksandra
Published: November 2022

The study of the main factors causing erosive degradation of soils, the study of changes in soils under the influence of water erosion, and the modeling of existing and potential water washout of soil horizons determine the relevance of the conducted research. Analysis of morphologicalfeatures of degraded soils, laboratory analytical studies of their physical and physico-chemical properties, and with the help of GIS tools, modeling of soil washing under the influence of water erosion was carried out. The analysis of studies and publications on the analysis of the main factors that cause erosive degradation of soils, functional analysis and the implementation of modeling of soil washout under the influence of water erosion with the help of GIS tools showed that the issue of changes in background soils under the influence of water erosion and modeling of existing and potential water washout of soil horizons have received little attention in the scientific literature.The purpose of the article is a detailed study of the properties of gray forest, turf-carbonate and meadow soils, as well as the study of erosion processes within the studied territory.Cartographic and descriptive materials of the structure of land use in different years within this model area were studied, which made it possible to analyze the impact of approaches in land use on the intensification of water erosion and the degree of washing. Field and laboratory-analytical studies were conducted to study the morphological, physical, physico-chemical properties of the studied soils. A set of GIS maps has been developed. A 3D terrain model was created to determine the long-term average soil loss due to water erosion under a certain vegetation cover and with a certain tillage system, design and implementation of soil protection measures.For the first time, erosion processes are studied in the territory of the district in a temporal and spatial context. The obtained research results are a significant contribution to the development of the practical foundations of regional soil science. They are proposed to be used for improvement of soil diagnostics and classification; to develop measures to preserve and improve soil fertility; their protection from possible anthropogenic influence.
HAVING EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM “GEODESY AND LAND MANAGEMENT”(SPECIALIZATION “LAND MANAGEMENT AND CADASTRE”) AT THE YURI FEDKOVYCH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF CHERNIVTSI
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Bespalko Ruslan , Hutsul Taras ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Kazimir Ivan ,   Yuriy FedkovychChernivtsi National University, Smaga Ivan ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: November 2022

Substantiation of the educational program that provides training of highly competitive professionals who are able to actively operate in a market economy and social partnership; development of scientific priorities and innovation component. Improving the published educational and professional program within thecyclical process of development and implementation of educational and professional programs in accordance with the methodology of student-centered learning.In the process of development and further implementation of the educational program applied definition, generalization, identification, analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, idealization, analogy, selective and continuous observations, control measurements, inventory, systematization, expertise, technological research, method of hypotheses, experiment and modeling.The structure and features of the standard of higher education approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine at the first (bachelor's) level of knowledge 19 –Architecture and Construction, specialty 193 "Geodesy and Land Management" are analyzed. The current level of information and methodological support for the development of educational programs has been clarified. The peculiarities and essence of each of the stages of development of the educational program inaccordance with the methodology of student-centered learning are considered.The author's educational program that ensures the achievement of additional learning outcomes is proposed and measures to achieve them are justified. The spheres of use and potential users of the educational-professional program are presented. The educational and professional program is published on the official website, and the features of its components –in this publication in order to share experiences, receive recommendations, comments, suggestions on its content, components, specifics of implementation and optimization.The article is review and informative
To the fauna of the family Himantariidae (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha) of Kyrgyzstan
Authors:   Altai State University, 61 Lenin Ave., Barnaul, 656049, Russia, Dyachkov Yu.V.
Published: November 2022

An annotated list of tree species of the family Himantariidae Bollman, 1893 known from Kyrgyzstan is given. Two genera, Bothriogaster Sseliwanoff, 1879 and Polyporogaster Verhoeff, 1899, and two species, B. signata (Kessler, 1874) and P. porosa (Sseliwanoff, 1881), are recorded from this country for the first time. The distribution map of Himantariidae species occur in Kyrgyzstan is also provided.
Uso e eficácia da toxina botulínica no tratamento do bruxismo
Authors: Lima Wesllem Santos , Barbosa Adriano Batista
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Realizar análise e revisão dos principais artigos disponíveis sobre o uso da Toxina Botulínica no tratamento do Bruxismo, discorrendo sobre suas principais características, seu enfrentamento e destacando o papel da odontologia na aplicação da referida toxina. Revisão bibliográfica: O bruxismo é um hábito parafuncional, onde o apertamento, fricção ou atrito dos dentes se dá pela ocorrência de contato oclusal de forma estática ou dinâmica, associada a momentos não relacionados com a mastigação ou deglutição. Possui etiologia multifatorial, exige diagnóstico precoce minimizando ações clínicas deletérias e sintomatologia associada. O enfrentamento se dá de forma multidisciplinar, destacando o papel da odontologia que tem disponibilizado a aplicação da Toxina Botulínica formada de esporos do microrganismo chamado Clostridium Botulinum, com uso terapêutico estudado desde a década de 70. Considerações finais:  Apesar de que a eficácia da toxina ainda é controversa, tem-se registrado melhora no quadro de pacientes tratados com a Toxina Botulínica. Observa-se que sempre protocolos devem ser seguidos para indicação terapêutica, avaliando-se o risco e o benefício da sua aplicação.
Sociodemographic determinants of high tobacco use in Gond tribe of central India
Authors: KUMAR SURENDRA , SHARMA RAVENDRA KUMAR , SOAN VISHESHWAR , PANDEY MAYA , KHAN AFTAB AHEMAD , TIWARI SHARDHA , SHARMA MANOJ
Published: November 2022

Background

The prevalence of tobacco use is high in rural India, but limited information on tobacco use among the tribal population is available. We assessed the prevalence of tobacco use and type of tobacco use in the Gond tribal population.

Methods

We did a cross-sectional survey among the Gond tribal population residing in the Kundam block of Jabalpur district in Madhya Pradesh state in India. The study was carried out among persons aged 6 years and above during February–May 2017. Pre-tested interview schedules were used by trained field investigators to collect information on tobacco use.

Results

A total of 3351 individuals were included in this study, of which 58% were using some form of tobacco. The prevalence of tobacco use was higher among men compared to women, and it increased significantly from age 6 to 25 in both men and women. Tobacco use was significantly associated with age, gender and educational status of the respondents.

Conclusion

The study highlights a high tobacco use in the Gond tribe population. The high prevalence of tobacco use in younger ages is a matter of serious concern. The study establishes a need for information, education and communication and behavioural change communication activities; health camps focusing on the harmful effects of tobacco use and tobacco control campaign among tribal communities, tribal schools and ashrams.
Blood ordering and utilization in patients undergoing elective general surgery procedures in a tertiary care hospital: A prospective audit
Authors: SHAIKH OSEEN H. , BHATTARAI SANDEEP , SHANKAR V. GOMATHI , BASAVARAJEGOWDA ABHISHEKH
Published: November 2022

Background

Blood ordering is commonly done for patients undergoing major elective surgery. Excessive order of the blood for elective surgery leads to wastage of resources, time and workforce. Auditing preoperative blood ordering decreases the cost of medical care by avoiding unnecessary cross-match without compromising patient safety.

Methods

For this hospital-based audit, we collected data prospectively from July 2017 to June 2018 regarding the transfusion and transfusion indices, namely cross-match-totransfusion ratio (C/T ratio), transfusion probability (T%), transfusion index (TI) and maximum surgical blood ordering schedule (MSBOS) for elective surgeries done in the Department of Surgery.

Results

A total of 1151 patients were included in the study. A total of 160 units of blood were issued of which only 138 were transfused to 116 patients. Seventy-one procedures were included in the study. The C/T ratio was less than 2.5 for 16 procedures, T% was >50% for 9 procedures and MSBOS was more than 0.5 for 16 procedures.

Conclusion

Cross-matching is overused for elective surgical procedures. Only 16 of the 71 procedures had an ideal C/T ratio. Group and screen policy can be adopted for most of the commonly performed procedures, and cross-matching of blood may not be needed.
معوقات ممارسة الأخصائيين الاجتماعيين للمهارات الإكلينيكية في مجال الرعاية الصحية دراسة ميدانية مطبقة على الأخصائيين الاجتماعيين العاملين بمستشفيات منطقة الرياض
Authors: الهويمل عمر محمد
Published: November 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على أهم معوقات ممارسة الأخصائيين الاجتماعيين للمهارات الاكلينيكية في مجال الرعاية الصحية، والتي ترجع إلى (الأخصائيين الاجتماعيين، المؤسسة، العميل). وتنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى نمط الدراسات الوصفية، والتي اعتمدت على منهج المسح الاجتماعي الشامل للأخصائيين الاجتماعيين في مستشفيات منطقة الرياض والذي بلغ عددهم (81) أخصائي. وتم تطبيق أداة الدراسة على مستشفيات منطقة الرياض من خلال إرسال الرابط الالكتروني للأداة عن طريق البريد الالكتروني المخصص لهم. وحصل الباحث على استجابات جميع أفراد مجتمع الدراسة وذلك بواقع (81) استبانة. وتم إدخال بيانات الاستبانات في الحاسب الآلي من خلال البرنامج الإحصائي (spss)، والبدء بتحليلها واستخلاص النتائج وتفسيرها. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج من أهمها: أن من أهم المعوقات التي ترجع إلى الأخصائيين الاجتماعيين عند ممارستهم للمهارات الإكلينيكية هي (انشغال الأخصائيين الاجتماعيين بالعمل الإداري، البعد عن العمل المهني، وكذلك عدم اطلاع الأخصائي الاجتماعي على الجديد في ميدان خدمة الفرد وخاصة فيما يتعلق بالمهارات الإكلينيكية). وأظهرت النتائج أيضاً أن من أهم المعوقات التي ترجع إلى المؤسسة هي (عدم تفهم إدارة المستشفى الكثير من مسئوليات ومهام الأخصائي الاجتماعي، وكذلك عدم اعتراف بعض المسؤولين بخبرات ومهارات الأخصائي الاجتماعي الطبي في المستشفى). كما أظهرت نتائج الدراسة من أهم المعوقات التي ترجع إلى العميل هي (إهمال العميل لنصائح وتوجيهات الاخصائي الاجتماعي، وإخفاء المريض مرضه عن الآخرين لارتباطه بالعار أو الوصم). وقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة زيادة الميزانية العامة للمستشفى وتقديم الحوافز المالية للأخصائي الاجتماعي، وكذلك ضرورة العمل على تنمية الوعي بأهمية دور الخدمة الاجتماعية في المجال الطبي).
أثر العامل الاقتصادي والتكنولوجي في السياسة الخارجية لكوريا الجنوبية
Authors: إبراهيم نهله اسماعيل
Published: November 2022

مع انتهاء الحرب العالمية الثانية عام 1945, تم تقسيم كوريا إلى قسمين: كوريا الجنوبية، وكوريا الشمالية، ثم ما لبثت الحرب الكورية أن قامت بين الدولتين واستمرت حتى عام 1953, وبعد الحرب بدأت كوريا الجنوبية بإعادة بناء اقتصادها معتمدة على استثمار المورد البشري بطريقة صحيحة وكذلك استثمار الظروف الاقتصادية المحلية والدولية، وكان لتدخل الدولة في الاقتصاد الدور الأكبر في نقل الاقتصاد الكوري إلى مطاف أفضل الاقتصادات في العالم. وهدف البحث إلى ابراز القوة والضعف للتجربة الكورية في المجال الاقتصادي والتكنولوجي ومواجهة التحديات التي وضعت لها أساساً في تخطي الصعاب في مجال تسديد الديون عن طريق زيادة الصادرات إلى الأسواق العالمية. لهذا أصبحت كوريا نقطة جذب لشركات الانتاج كونها أحد المراكز الاساسية للانتاج. ثم التطرق إلى أسباب نجاح التجديد الاقتصادية والتكنولوجية في كوريا الجنوبية وكيف وصلت هذه الدولة إلى حصان الدول من ناحية الحداثة والتحديث بشكل موجز من خلال تقسيم البحث إلى إطار نظري ومن ثم التطرق إلى أهمية العامل الاقتصادي والتكنولوجي
Waste-to-energy and electricity generation: Analysis for Saudi Arabia
Authors: العجمي Reema Ghazi
Published: November 2022

Saudi Arabia is a developing country experiencing both rapid economic growth and vast urbanization. These have led to waste disposal problems. Therefore, waste-to-energy (WTE) processes, a source of renewable energy, are expected to play an increasingly important role in sustainable management of municipal solid waste (MSW). The purpose of this paper is to estimate the energy produced from the WTE method, to assist policymakers to develop a strategy that enhances the environmental quality, through reducing energy generation in the electricity sector. This study begins by presenting Saudi's current MSW management situation and its waste disposal process as well as the major challenges associated with Saudi's WTE incineration before discussing the economic and environmental benefits of the WTE method. Since waste can be used to produce energy for electricity and heat, this study estimated energy generated from WTE technology through employing estimated baseline scenario and future scenarios. Findings indicated that future scenarios are better than the business-as-usual scenario. The paper concludes that the WTE method can produce energy for electricity generation which in turn reduces the volume and the production of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced from MSW. The waste-to energy approach with supportive policies could lead the country to achieve sustainable development.
غابة المعمورة بين إشكالية التغيرات المناخية والضغط البشري وسبل التأقلم (المغرب)
Authors: بنعيسى حنان , صديق عبدالنور , باحو عبدالعزيز
Published: November 2022

تتميز الغابات المغربية بتعدد الأنظمة البيئية، وبتنوع بيولوجي ملحوظ، يتمثل في حوالي(4.000) نوعا نباتيا و(550) من الفقريات و(1.000) من أنواع حيوانية أخرى. وتلعب النظم الغابوية عدة وظائف من بينها مكافحة التصحر والمحافظة على التنوع البيولوجي وهيكلة المجال الطبيعي. فاختلال التوازنات البيئية تحت الضغط البشري والانعكاسات المتعلقة بالتغيرات المناخية يتطلبان وضع القطاع الغابوي في قلب مشاريع التنمية المستدامة للبلاد. تعتبر غابة المعمورة تراثا وطنيا ذو أهمية كبرى في المغرب، وتعد من أكبر غابات البلوط الفليني امتدادا في العالم، الذي تمثل فيه حوالي (150.000) هكتار من مساحة (300.000) هكتار منتشرة في باقي بلدان حوض البحر الابيض المتوسط. وبالرغم من الامتيازات التي تتوفرعليها غابة المعمورة، إلا انها تعاني من تدهور كبير في التشكيلات الغابوية، والنظم البيئية، هذا التدهور في الحقيقة لم يكن وليد اللحظة بل يرجع إلى فترات تاريخية قديمة، تحكمت فيه مجموعة من العوامل طبيعية وبشرية، إما بسبب الرعي العشوائي والمكثف أو الإستغلال المفرط للموارد الغابوية من طرف ساكنة المنطقة وكذلك الزحف العمراني، اما العامل الطبيعي يتمثل في التغيرات المناخية التي عرفتها الغابة خلال السنوات الأخيرة، المتمثلة في عاملين أساسين هما تراجع التساقطات المطرية وارتفاع درجة الحرارة، إضافة إلى الأمراض البيولوجية، الشيء الذي يدل على أنها تتواجد في وضعية غير ملائمة لضمان استمراريتها، مما دفع الدولة من خلال مؤسساتها سن استراتيجيات ومخططات جديدة بمساهمة المجتمع المدني ممثلا في العديد من الجمعيات والتعاونيات، وذلك بهدف ترشيد استغلال الموارد الغابوية دون المساس باستدامتها والتأقلم مع التغيرات المناخية التي باتت تؤثر على غابة المعمورة.
Deciphering O-glycoprotease substrate preferences with O-Pair Search
Authors: Riley Nicholas M. , Bertozzi Carolyn R.
Published: November 2022

O-glycoproteases are an emerging class of enzymes that selectively digest glycoproteins at positions decorated with specific O-linked glycans. O-glycoprotease substrates range from any O-glycoprotein (albeit with specific O-glycan modifications) to only glycoproteins harboring specific O-glycosylated sequence motifs, such as those found in mucin domains. Their utility for multiple glycoproteomic applications is driving the search to both discover new O-glycoproteases and to understand how structural features of characterized O-glycoproteases influence their substrate specificities. One challenge of defining O-glycoprotease specificity restraints is the need to characterize O-glycopeptides with site-specific analysis of O-glycosites. Here, we demonstrate how O-Pair Search, a recently developed O-glycopeptide-centric identification platform that enables rapid searches and confident O-glycosite localization, can be used to determine substrate specificities of various O-glycoproteases de novo from LC-MS/MS data of O-glycopeptides. Using secreted protease of C1 esterase inhibitor (StcE) from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and O-endoprotease OgpA from Akkermansia mucinophila, we explore numerous settings that effect O-glycopeptide identification and show how non-specific and semi-tryptic searches of O-glycopeptide data can produce candidate cleavage motifs that can be used to define new protease cleavage settings that lower search times and improve O-glycopeptide identifications. We use this platform to generate a consensus motif for the recently characterized immunomodulating metalloprotease (IMPa) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and show that IMPa is a favorable O-glycoprotease for characterizing densely O-glycosylated mucin-domain glycoproteins.
Towards Determining Amyloid Fibril Structures Using Experimental Constraints from Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Harper Madeline , Nudurupati Uma , Workman Riley , Lakoba Taras , Ou Yangguang , Punihaole David
Published: November 2022

Using amylin(20-29) as a model system, we demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy can be used to determine the molecular structure of amyloid fibrils. We use polarized Raman spectroscopy measurements and the conformationally-sensitive Amide III3 mode to determine the distributions of peptide backbone amide C=O and CN bond orientations, as well as Ramachandran Psi dihedral angles, adopted by amylin(20-29) fibrils. We use these experimentally measured distributions as structural constraints to guide molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of an amylin(20-29) fibril structure. Our model indicates that amylin(20-29) fibrils adopt an antiparallel beta-sheet cross-beta core structure in excellent agreement with previous studies. Overall, our results show that Raman spectroscopy provides high-resolution structural information about amyloid fibrils that complements gold standard techniques such as solid-state NMR and cryogenic electron microscopy. We anticipate that the Raman methods developed here will aide in determining detailed structural models of amyloid fibrils directly in physiologically relevant systems such as biological tissue and cell cultures.
To the problem of simulation modelling of abnormal and emergency flight situations in the process of Mi-8MTV helicopter pilot simulation training
Authors: Rybkin P. N. , Сhinynchin Yu. M.
Published: November 2022

The article examines a method of obtaining the required initial data for adequate mathematical modelling of nonstationary processes in the Mi-8MTV helicopter computer and flight simulators. The principle of the method is as follows: the video fixation of non-stationary modes of the power plant operation in a real flight and the computation of the obtained dependencies according to the known formulas of mechanics, aerodynamics, the theory of gas turbine aircraft engines, etc. are analysed. Moreover, by juxtaposing the computed dependencies and the obtained video fixation, the parameter values, that determine the helicopter power plant behaviour (the inertia moment of the helicopter main rotor system, etc.) in the non-stationary modes, are found. These parameters allow us to solve the problem by modelling a complete picture of the helicopter power plant behaviour in abnormal and emergency situations, under which, it is impossible to formulate an objective verdict without violating flight safety requirements. Given the circumstances, the feasibility of an advantageous and reliable solution to the problem is considered using mathematical modelling of the transient power plant operation modes both in non-stationary conditions and in abnormal and emergency situations. A simulation of these scenarios and responsive actions is carried out using helicopter simulators. In a real flight, a helicopter crew monitors the functional systems status and the development of abnormal and emergency situations relying on readings from dial instruments, digital indicators, annunciators, and other computer-aided facilities in the cockpit, not only by the parameter values, but also by dynamics of their variation in flight. Within this timespan, the pilot must assess an abnormal situation and decide on required actions.
Investigation of the influence of engine displacement along the aircraft wing on the propagation of a condensation trail
Authors: Zhelannikov A. I. , Zamyatin A. N.
Published: November 2022

With the publication of this article, the authors continue their research into the interaction of vortex and condensation trails behind aircraft, which has begun in the previously published articles in the Civil Aviation High Technologies of the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation. This paper presents the investigation results of the influence of engine displacement along the A320 aircraft wing on the development and propagation of a contrail. It should be clear that a contrail is a product of aviation fuel combustion in the engine and represents condensed moisture in the form of ice crystals, which is formed under certain conditions of the atmosphere. As numerous studies and observations have shown, contrails can affect the heat exchange processes in the atmosphere and deteriorate the environment contributing to the greenhouse effect. This is especially true for the areas where numerous airways pass. It was noted that inboard engine displacement or, vice versa, outboard affects the development and propagation of a contrail. Therefore, when forming the aerodynamic configuration of the future aircraft, designers should take this aspect into account. The fact is that a wake vortex, which is formed behind the aircraft, impacts the contrail in different ways, depending on the engine proximity to the vortices, trailing from the airframe. Let us point out that a wake vortex is the area of the disturbed airflow behind the aircraft, generated as a result of its movement. A contrail, interacting with a vortex one, dissipates in the atmosphere, and the substances, composing a contrail, lose their concentration. It is also significant that a contrail, interacting with a wake vortex, can reveal its structure and visualize the wake vortex propagation and decay processes. In this paper, a special computational software application, based on the discrete vortex method, was used to study the influence of engine displacement along the A320 aircraft wing on the development and propagation of a contrail. When calculating the characteristics of a wake vortex, it takes into consideration the aircraft weight, speed and altitude, flight configuration, ambient conditions, axial velocity in the vortex core and some other factors. This complex passed the required testing and the state registration. A variety of activities was undertaken to validate and verify the developed complex, confirming the operability of its programs and the reliability of the results obtained. The results obtained allow us to understand how engine displacement along the A320 aircraft wing influences the contrail development and propagation.
The Diameter and Maximum Link of the Minimum Routing Cost Spanning Tree Problem
Authors: Sari Reni Permata , Wamiliana Wamiliana , Junaidi Akmal , Susanty Wiwin
Published: November 2022

The minimum routing cost spanning tree (MRCST) is a spanning tree that minimizes the sum of pairwise distances between its vertices given a weighted graph. In this study, we use Campos Algorithm with slight modifications on the coefficient of spanning potential. Those algorithms were implemented on a random table problem data of complete graphs of order 10 to 100 in increments of 10. The goal is to find the diameter (the largest shortest path distance) and the maximum link (the maximum number of edges connecting two vertices) in the spanning tree solution of MRCST. The result shows that a slight modification of the spanning potential coefficients gives better solutions.
PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MECHANISM OF INVESTIGATIVE (SEARCH) ACTION
Authors: Lazarev Andriy Pavlovych
Published: November 2022

Introduction. The article considers the requirements for conducting investigative (search) actions in criminal proceedings, which include the definition of theoretical provisions, which can be described as follows: the conditions for conducting investigative (search) actions include the presence of a participant in the process who has procedural powers to conduct criminal proceedings against the suspect at the stage of pre-trial investigation; procedural grounds for conducting investigative (search) actions that indicate a suspect who has committed a criminal offense; venue under the current CPC of Ukraine; the procedure for conducting pre-trial proceedings on the basis of reasonable terms of pre-trial investigation, which includes drawing up and executing a resolution on conducting procedural, investigative (search) action, procedural form of recording the results of conducting investigative (search) action with a protocol; determination of procedural rights and responsibilities of participants in the investigative (search) action; cognitive techniques and methods of investigative (search) actions; guarantees of participation of the parties, participants of criminal proceedings during establishment of circumstances of a criminal offense.

Summary of the main research results. It is proposed to define the concept of the criminal process of Ukraine as its construction based on institutions, which determine the application of the rules governing the substantive provisions of the procedure and procedural consolidation of the fact of a criminal offense.

Conclusions. The author's definition of the mechanism of conducting investigative (search) actions in criminal proceedings is given as factual and legal grounds for applying the procedure of conducting investigative actions in dynamics, combined with the requirements of criminal procedure legislation and recommendations of forensic tactics. Ways to improve the current legislation of Ukraine are proposed.
ЕКОГУМАНІЗМ ЯК ПЕРЕДУМОВА СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ЛЮДСТВА
Authors: Козловець Микола Адамович , Гольд Ольга Феліксівна , Глушко Тетяна Петрівна , Горохова Людмила Вікторівна
Published: November 2022

Екологічні реалії початку ХХІ століття загострили суперечливість і багатоплановість змісту відношення «людина – природа», а відповідно теоретичне осмислення практичних шляхів його гармонізації, напрацювання дієвих механізмів трансляції ідей екологічної етики в практику. Нині постала проблема не лише збереження навколишнього середовища, а й самого людства. Тому метою статті є аналіз ціннісних засад екологічної проблематики в контексті прогнозів майбутнього людства та обґрунтування філософії екогуманізму як передумови сталого розвитку людства. Основні результати. Співіснування людини з природою досягло критичної межі. Людство не може далі розвиватися як стихійний природно-історичний процес, котрий не завжди контролюється волею і свідомістю людей. Останнє є свідченням не тільки кризи існуючої соціальної організації, а й кризи розуміння місця і ролі людини в оточуючому й створюваному нею світі, свідченням відсутності довготермінових орієнтирів і цілей існування людства та еволюції всього соціоприродного Універсуму. Це потребує оптимізації використання матеріалів і ресурсів на основі впровадження екоцентричної філософії поведінки людини й елементарної екологічної освіти. В статті обґрунтовується необхідність становлення нової світоглядної парадигми, адекватної реаліям буття соціоприродного Універсуму, яка стане орієнтиром і своєрідною «дорожною картою» подолання нинішніх труднощів і забезпечення подальшого сталого розвитку людства. Аналізуються труднощі, передумови та досягнення у формуванні сучасних світоглядних уявлень про місце і роль людини в природі та суспільстві. Зроблено висновок, що сучасна зміна світоглядної парадигми має вагому науково-практичну значущість для майбутнього людства.