bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Planting Time on Growth and Corm Yield of Chinese Water Chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Quoc Dao Phu , Nga Nguyen Phi , Thach Le Buu
Published: September 2021

Experiments were conducted to study the effect of time of planting on the performance of Chinese water chestnut in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam over a single investigation. Plants of a local clone were planted in early January, March, May, July, September, or November and grown for four months. During the experiments, the photoperiod ranged from 11.2 to 12.6 h. The average daily mean temperature across the different cropping periods ranged from 27.70C to 29.10C. Information was collected on chlorophyll fluorescence, plant growth, and yield. Chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) was greater than 0.7 in all the treatments (non-stressed), except for the first time of planting and at the end of growing. Corm yield was higher with a planting in May (525 g/plant), November (440 g/plant), and March (325 g/plant), intermediate with a planting in July (196 g/plant), and lower with a planting in January (116 g/plant) and September (55 g/plant). There were strong correlations between yield and the number of stems/plant (r = 0.84), and between yield and stem weight (r = 0.84). These results indicate that acceptable commercial yields can be achieved with water chestnut planted in May in this area.
Edema-Swelling as a Standard Dose-Dependent Response of the Dentate Gyrus of the Hippocampal Formation to Acute Ischemia
Authors: Avdeev D. B. , Akulinin V. A. , Gorbunova A. V. , Stepanov S. S. , Shoronova A. Yu. , Makar'eva L. M. , Kucheruk A. N. , Korzhuk M. S.
Published: September 2021

The aim of research was to study structural changes and give a morphometric characteristic of the edemaswelling manifestations of the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampal formation in sexually mature white rats after common carotid artery occlusion (OCCA) of different duration and ligation (LCCA) of the common carotid arteries.Material and methods. Acute ischemia was simulated in white adult Wistar rats by 20-, 30-, and 40-min occlusion and ligation of the common carotid arteries. Histological (staining with hematoxylin-eosin, according to Nissl), immunohistochemical (NSE, MAP-2, GFAP) and morphometric research techniques were used for morphological investigations. Morphometric analysis of the edema-swelling manifestations was carried out on samples stained with hematoxylin-eosin using plugins of the ImageJ 1.53 program (Find Maxima, Find Foci). Statistical hypotheses (nonparametric tests) were tested using Statistica 8.0 software.Results. After reperfusion, pronounced involution of large zones of edema-swelling occurred in the DG of the hippocampal formation in white rats of the groups I, II, III after 7–14 days, and in rats of the group IV (ligation) the edema-swelling manifestations persisted for 30 days. Similar dynamics was recorded for the molecular and polymorphic layer of the DG, but the values of the integral variable chosen to assess the edema-swelling manifestations (the total intensity of the peak pixels) were different. The largest relative area of the brightest peaks was detected after bilateral ОССА (groups II and III) and LCCA (group IV), the smallest – after unilateral ОССА (group I). It is significant that after mild ischemia (20- and 30-min ОССА), the parameter increased only in 1 and 3 days, and then decreased. After more severe ischemia (40-min ОССА), similar manifestations of overhydration were observed in 1–7 days. With LССА, a high level of DG overhydration was noted throughout the observation period, as evidenced by the high relative area of all the brightest peaks. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing all groups for all periods, between groups in 14 and 30 days, between periods in groups I, II, and III (ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis test; Mann–Whitney U-test).Conclusion. After ОССА and LССА the restoration of the structures of the sensory input of the hippocampus (DG) occurs together with long-term preservation of signs of hyperhydration of the neuropil, perineuronal and perivascular spaces (legs of astrocytes). The extreme degree of these manifestations after LССА evidences a disruption of the drainage-detoxification function of astrocytes. In ОССА, long-term preservation of the edema-swelling manifestations is recommended to be considered as a condition for the implementation of the mechanisms of sanogenesis and restoration of the DG nervous tissue.
Clinical and Variant Anatomy of the Blood Supply to the Body and Tail of the Human Pancreas
Authors: Pronin N. A. , Pavlov A. V. , Sekisova E. V. , Lazutina G. S. , Ovchinnikova N. V. , Ivanov M. I.
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to specify peculiarities of the blood supply to the body and tail of the human pancreas determining topographic variants and vascular bed of the splenic artery.Material and methods. The artery basin of the pancreas body and tail was studied in 46 native and 42 organ complexes consisting of the pancreas, duodenum, spleen, retropancreatic tissue, celiac trunk with the main branches, a section of the superior mesenteric artery up to the entrance into the root of the small intestine mesentery with the preliminary artery injection by gelatin mass. The organ complexes were fixed in 10% formalin solution.Results. The study revealed two variants of the splenic artery topography in relation to the pancreas and determined the degree of tortuosity of the artery. In 31.7% of cases the vessel passed retro-pancreatically and in 68.3% suprapancreatically. Moderate tortuosity of the splenic artery was detected most frequently (44.82%); in 34.48% of cases severe tortuosity was detected; in 17.24% of cases there was no tortuosity in the artery. The correlation between area/convolution and the number of pancreatic arteries was found to be 0.864 (p=0.05), which is considered to be a high parameter according to the Cheddock scale. In severe tortuosity of the splenic artery 3.16±0.37 pancreatic arteries on average closed to the corpus caudal segment of the pancreas, in moderate tortuosity – 5.09±1.24, in straight passage – 9±1.22.Conclusion. The regularities revealed in the spleen artery topography, blood supply of the pancreas body and tail allow determining operational risks and tactics of surgical interventions on the corpus caudal segment of the pancreas.
Dilemmas of Sheltered Employment in Poland and Greece and the Concept of Supported Employment
Authors: Kobus-Ostrowska Dorota , Papakonstantinou Doxa
Published: September 2021

People with severe disabilities, such as severe mental disabilities and autism spectrum disorders, do not participate in the open, competitive labor market to the same extent as people without disabilities or other forms of disability. Sheltered employment is an internationally accepted approach for the vocational integration of people with severe disabilities, which introduces integration in sheltered workplaces mainly with other people with disabilities and ongoing support from the Government or self-government. Therefore, sheltered employment can be defined as the employment of a person with a disability under particular conditions. This paper presents the legislative framework regarding sheltered employment in Poland and Greece and the ways sheltered employment takes place in each of the two countries with the corresponding comparisons and conclusions. The results show a need for a more precise and more comprehensive legislative framework on sheltered employment in Poland and Greece. Alternative options for the vocational integration of people with severe forms of disabilities, such as supported employment programs, need to come to the fore. Supported employment seems to be the only effective and efficient way for people who have particular difficulties in finding and keeping a paid job in the open labor market to take up paid employment on an equal basis with other people. Does the concept of supported employment have a chance to prove itself on Poland and Greece’s open labor markets and become a complementary tool in the vocational activation of people with disabilities? Legislative regulations, system projects, and stable sources of financing are necessary for both countries.
Thematic implications and representativeness in Wuthering Heights (1848): Dialect as a social reality
Authors: Belmerabet Fatiha
Published: September 2021

Since language is a brainwork of speakers who live in social and physical environments, researchers are obliged to think about the alliance between the vocabularies’ meaning in dictionaries and their significance in social use. And because the novel is a fictional piece of writing which is primarily inspired by real life and reflects realities. In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte strives to interfere in her characters’ thought and considers their social class, culture and experience; she acts as a writer, the speaker and the reader as well. These authorial qualities gave birth to a text combined of two language varieties, the Standard English and the Yorkshire dialect which are tightly interwoven without distorting the unity and the arrangement of the story plot. This paper looks to cover the different social inclinations of E. Bronte’s depiction of dialect in addition to some critical resonances of such representation.
 
Keywords: Wuthering Heights, dialect representativeness, social reality, thematic implications, language.
Professional Identity and the CORE Standards
Authors: Benshoff John J. , Robertson Stacia , Davis Sharon , Koch D. Shane
Published: September 2021

The historical evolution of the rehabilitation profession is addressed, and current issues facing rehabilitation educators and professionals are identified. Clearly, both our practice environments and our consumers are continuously evolving and becoming more diverse. Simultaneously, a need exists to be seen as a stable, unified profession. Specific issues including the continuing development of private rehabilitation licensure and accreditation, increasing consumer diversity, and movement toward evidence-based practices are identified as critical issues for rehabilitation educators and professionals.
Medical, Functional, and Environmental Aspects of Chronic Illness and Disability: Addressing the C.9 CORE Curriculum Standard
Authors: Siu Frances , Parker Randall , Livneh Hanoch , Brodwin Martin
Published: September 2021

This article provides suggestions for curriculum modifications that may be necessary to meet the new Council on Rehabilitation Education (CORE) Standard C.9, Medical, Functional, and Environmental Implications of Disability. Specifically addressed are (a) goals and objectives for meeting the new standards, (b) suggestions for new curricular units, (c) teaching strategies to convey new and revised content, (d) methods for assessing outcomes, and (e) primary resources for instructors and students. A discussion of conclusions and future issues is also presented.
Procesos de ciudad y participación comunitaria. Una mirada a través de casos de estudio
Authors: Polo-Garzón Carolina , Villa Velasco Crhistian Camilo
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to make evident how important the community’s participation is in the intervention, adaptation, and renovation processes of urban spaces. The research is conducted as a revision of the technical and theoretical concepts used to develop this topic and making a general approach to the development of this topic today. This work is a documentary exploration intended to consolidate a general framework of the community participation in different urban projects that focus on making communities more resilient. All the foregoing allows determining the impact of the community participation on the projects studied herein as compared to projects that do not adopt a participative approach when carried out. To conclude, positive impacts from projects with community participation are reported to support and reinforce the idea that it is a crucial tool to build the citizenship.
Competitiveness and Financial Management in SMEs Hotel Businesses in Yucatan, Mexico
Authors: Pérez Brito Antonio Emmanuel , Bojórquez Zapata Martha Isabel
Published: September 2021

Small and medium hotel enterprises in Yucatan represent an important sector for the economic development of the State. However, inadequate financial management leads to reduced profits and a short life expectancy for them. In the case of financial management in hotels, it is necessary to develop an indicator model that facilitates the reading of the results, of the financial situation of the hotels, and of the organization in general. It is necessary to obtain hard data that lead to making quick and forceful decisions in a timely manner. The objective of this study is to explain why a good financial management is a factor that greatly increases the competitiveness of organizations and that hotel financial management indicators are an instrument for measuring the different variables associated with organizational objectives, expressed in terms of some quantitative basis that defines the scope or achievement of the expected results. For this work, a bibliographical review of relevant articles from a range of authors was conducted.
Procesos Avanzados De Oxidación Basados En Ozono Como Alternativa De Tratamiento Para Lixiviados De Rellenos Sanitarios
Authors: Becerra-Moreno Dorance , Rubio-Gomez Yrany , Ramírez-Ríos Luisa Fernanda , Barajas-Solano Andrés Fernando , Machuca Martínez Fiderman
Published: September 2021

Los procesos basados en ozono hacen parte de los Procesos Avanzados de Oxidación que se han aplicado sobre los lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios. Las características altamente tóxicas de los lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios, pueden reducirse por medio de los procesos basados en ozono, los cuales han demostrado alcanzar altas remociones de contaminantes, en especial, de compuestos orgánicos recalcitrantes. En esta revisión se compila información reciente (2015 a 2021) referente a los procesos basados en ozono, donde se ha estudiado la eficacia como tratamiento, se analiza las condiciones óptimas de acuerdo al tipo de lixiviado y al método de tratamiento a emplear. Se identifica la tendencia de implementación como pretratamiento y postratamiento acoplado a procesos convencionales.
Da elitização à popularização
Authors: Oliveira Wilson Raimundo de , Velázquez Castellanos Samuel Luís
Published: September 2021

Discute-se o lugar do Colégio Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão no contexto de expansão educacional em São Luís, analisando-se condicionantes que movimentaram polarizações na sua trajetória: elitização/popularização. Avalia-se em que medida as tensões entre a cultura imposta via Colégio, como instituição de ensino secundário, e uma cultura local/bairro manifesta em práticas singulares, podem ter influenciado no papel, projeção e consolidação do Colun depois de reestruturado como Colégio de Aplicação na periferia são-luisense. Utilizam-se informações garimpadas em jornais locais, leis, arquivo escolar e entrevistas, que foram cruzadas, analisadas e interpretadas à luz dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da História Cultural. Conclui-se que o embate entre culturas (escolar e local) contribuíram para disseminar o ensino médio ao popularizar-se seu acesso, permanência e formação.
Efikasi dan Tolerabilitas Karbamazepin untuk Nyeri Neuropati Diabetik
Authors: Hidayati Hanik Badriyah
Published: September 2021

Neuropati perifer merupakan salah satu alasan paling sering pasien dirujuk ke klinik neurologi. Neuropati diabetik, salah satu neuropati perifer, merupakan penyebab neuropati tersering di dunia sehingga masih merupakan masalah besar dunia. Nyeri neuropati diabetik (NND) merupakan komplikasi umum dari diabetes baik diabetes tipe 1 maupun tipe 2. NND mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien secara substansial akibat dari kurang tidur, kelelahan konstan, kesulitan mempertahankan konsentrasi secara penuh, gangguan melakukan aktivitas harian, gangguan mood, depresi dan ansietas. Karbamazepin merupakan salah satu terapi nyeri neuropati. Artikel ini menjelaskan efikasi dan tolerabilitas karbamazepin untuk nyeri neuropati diabetik.
Perbaikan Klinis dan Radiologis Tuberkuloma Serebral dengan Terapi Non Operatif: Dua Laporan Kasus
Authors: Ikbal Muhammad , Sugianto Paulus
Published: September 2021

Pendahuluan: Tuberkuloma serebral merupakan suatu bentuk tuberkulosis (TB) yang jarang dan serius karena penyebaran hematogen Mycobacterium tuberkulosis (MT). Tuberkuloma serebral ditemukan paling sedikit dibandingkan tuberkulosis intrakranial lainnya, yaitu sekitar 1%. Tuberkuloma serebral yang multipel hanya 15–33% kasus. Obat anti TB penting untuk keberhasilan pengobatan tuberkuloma serebral tapi belum ada kesepakatan mengenai durasi terapi. Kasus: Kasus 1: Laki- laki usia 33 tahun dengan keluhan penurunan kesadaran, kejang, sakit kepala, kelemahan tubuh sisi kanan. Gambaran MRI  kepala dan biopsi menunjukan tuberkuloma. Penderita mendapat obat anti tuberkulosis rifampisin, INH, pirazinamid, dan injeksi streptomisin. Setelah pengobatan selama 13 bulan, penderita mengalami perbaikan secara  klinis  maupun  radiologis. Kasus 2: Laki-laki usia 33 tahun dengan keluhan nyeri kepala kronik, demam tidak tinggi, muntah, dan dismetria kanan. Penderita juga diketahui menderita TB paru yang sedang dalam pengobatan selama 1 minggu. MRI kepala dengan kontras menyokong gambaran tuberkuloma serebral dan Gene Xpert MTB positif. Penderita mendapat pengobatan anti tuberkulosis berupa rifampisin, INH, pirazinamid, etambutol, dan injeksi streptomisin. Keluhan penderita membaik dimana tidak ada nyeri kepala dan dismetria setelah pengobatan selama 1 bulan. Kesimpulan: Tuberkuloma serebral dapat diterapi dengan obat antituberkulosis (OAT), minimal 9 bulan pengobatan. Pada beberapa kasus, masa pengobatan dapat ditambah sesuai dengan kondisi klinis dan radiologis penderita. Sedangkan pada kasus yang berat, tindakan eksisi tuberkuloma mungkin diperlukan.
Prevalance and Intensity of Helminthiasis in Gastrointestinal Tractus of Goat At Kwanyar Sub-District, Bangkalan District
Authors: Ilmi Alivia Fairuz , Arimbi Arimbi , Sarmanu Sarmanu , Wijaya Agus
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the prevalence and intensity of helminthiasis in gastrointestinal tract of goat at Kwanyar Sub-District, Bangkalan District. The study was conducted in August-October 2018 with 100 samples of stool examination in the laboratory of Helmintology, Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. The results were found various worm eggs such as Oesophagustomum sp., Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Trichuris sp., and Chabertia sp. Moreover, the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthiasis was recorded at 100%. In addition, the calculation of worm eggs per gram fecal sample was obtained the number of infecting eggs ranges from 0-500 and the categorized as mild degree of infection. The results of statistical analysis using Chi-Square test was showed no significant differences in the intensity of infection in male and female goats (p>0.05). However, there was significant differences in the intensity of infection in goat between 0-12 months age and above 12 months age (p<0.05).
Detection of Pentastomida on Crab-Eating Frog (Fejervarya cancrivora) in Surabaya and Sidoarjo Areas
Authors: Putra Gilang Maulana , Poetranto Emmanuel Djoko , Rantam Fedik Abdul
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted to detect the presence of Pentastomida on Crab-eating Frog (Fejervarya cancrivora) in Surabaya and Sidoarjo areas. A total of 50 samples were taken in three different time and the identification was conducted in Laboratory of Parasitology, Universitas Airlangga by Semichen-Acetic Carmine staining method. Pentastomida that found in the body of Crab-eating Frog (Fejervarya cancrivora) was belong to Maxillopoda class which is included in Crustacea subphylum were matched by macroscopic and microscopic taxonomy and observation. The result of this research showed that there found Pentastomida on Crab-eating Frog collected Surabaya and Sidoarjo areas, East Java.
Gastrointestinal Parasite Infection on Stray Cat and Pet Cat at Blitar Regency, East Java Province
Authors: Praptanto Egga Johar , Sunardi Bambang Purnomo , Budiarto Budiarto , Wijaya Agus
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study was to find out the parasite species and prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite on stray cat and pet cat at Blitar. In an amount of 90 cats feces were collected from two different types of sample, those are stray cat and pet- cat from three sub-districts located at Blitar Regency. Cats feces were analyzed with native, sedimentation and float techniques. The result showed that prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite infection on cat at Blitar was amounted to 71% at stray cat and 40% at pet cat. The parasite that was found in this research are Toxocara cati, Ancylostoma sp. and Isospora sp.
Prevalence of Trochlear Dysplasia and Associations with Patellofemoral Pain and Instability in a Skeletally Mature Population
Authors: DeVries Clarabelle A. , Bomar James D. , Pennock Andrew T.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Patellar instability among adolescents has an incidence of 29 to 43 per 100,000 per year. Trochlear dysplasia has been found in up to 85% of those with recurrent patellar instability. The prevalence of trochlear dysplasia in the general population has not yet been defined. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of trochlear dysplasia as defined by ultrasound in a skeletally mature population and to characterize associations of trochlear dysplasia with a history of patellofemoral instability or pain.

Methods:

Skeletally mature adolescents and parents of patients (≤50 years of age) who had presented to orthopaedic clinics were prospectively enrolled from 2019 to 2020. Those presenting with knee pain, open physes, prior intra-articular fracture, total knee arthroplasty, and syndromic ligamentous laxity or neuromuscular disease were excluded. Information regarding a history of anterior knee pain, patellar instability, and/or surgery was obtained, and an abbreviated Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) was collected. An AKPS score of ≥4 was considered positive. Bilateral ultrasound of the knee was performed, and the osseous sulcus angle of the trochlea and the trochlear depth were measured. Basic descriptive statistics are reported.

Results:

One hundred and two patients (203 knees) were studied. The mean sulcus angle was 144.1° ± 6.8°, and the mean trochlear depth was 5.5 ± 1.4 mm. High-grade trochlear dysplasia was defined as the 95th percentile and above, which was shown to be a sulcus angle of ≥154° or a trochlear depth of ≤3 mm for female patients and ≤4 mm for male patients. The prevalence of high-grade trochlear dysplasia was 5.4% based on the sulcus angle and 9.9% based on trochlear depth. Knees with high-grade trochlear dysplasia based on the sulcus angle were 11 times more likely to have had previous patellar instability (p = 0.013).

Conclusions:

The prevalence of high-grade trochlear dysplasia in the general population is approximately 10%, and there may be an association with patellar instability. The use of ultrasound to diagnose trochlear dysplasia may prove to be a rapid and useful tool for guiding patient education and treatment decisions.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
How Employer Branding Attract the Generation Z Students to Join on Start-up Unicorn
Authors: Rakhmad Andro Agil Nur , Kurniawan Dediek Tri , II Ooji Futari , Kusnayain Yesiana Ihda
Published: September 2021

The development of the world revolution has changed the paradigm and stigmas of organizational quality to increase competitiveness from various human resource perspectives. Increasing global challenges have made the employer branding strategy a concern for global research. This study examines the effect of employer branding on Generation Z students' attractiveness and employer choices at unicorn start-ups in Indonesia. This study uses the Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). This study got a total of 200 respondents who fit the criteria. This study's dimensions of employer branding are work culture, ethics & CSR, diversity, and salary & incentives. From the results of this study, the dimensions that proved to be influential were Ethics and CSR, and Diversity. Besides, work culture and salary & incentives are not proven to significantly affect the attractiveness of Generation Z students to Indonesian unicorn start-ups. Social media is proven to have a significant effect on both attractiveness and choice of workplace (employer of choice) Generation Z students at Indonesian unicorn start-ups.
Initial survey of microplastics in bottom sediments from United States waterways
Authors: Wilkins Justin , McQueen Andrew , LeMonte Joshua , Suedel Burton
Published: September 2021

Given the reported extent of microplastics in the aquatic environment, environmentally relevant exposure information for sediments dredged by the US Army Corps of Engineers will lend context to the risks posed by this contaminant during dredging. We measured the occurrence, abundance, and polymer composition of microplastics in sediments collected from nine dredged waterways and two non-dredged reference areas. The number of particles in sediment samples ranged from 162 to 6110 particles/kg dry wt., with a mean of 1636 particles/kg dry wt. Fragments were the most prevalent shape observed among the 11 study sites (100% frequency of occurrence), followed by fibers (81%), spheres (75%), foams (38%) and films (34%). Based on analyses of chemical composition of the particles using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, polyethylene:propylene was the most common polymer type observed. Consistent with results presented by other investigators microplastic concentrations and polymer types in bottom sediments in this study were also aligned with the most widely used plastics worldwide.
Autonomous Transport Innovation : the regulatory environment of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Smith Emma , Webster Julie , Stumpf Annette
Published: September 2021

This technical note series under the Autonomous Transport Innovation research program is intended to be a primer on autonomous vehicles (AVs), their testing, and associated infrastructure. A review of the regulatory environment for autonomous vehicles is necessary to define rules imposed on technology or operations of autonomous vehicles in various capacities. Acknowledging such regulation will aid in productive closed-course site development by structuring the course based on what autonomous vehicle developers and manufacturers must program their vehicles to adhere to in a given setting.
A Computational Scheme for Evaluating the Stress Field of Thermally and Pressure Induced Unconventional Reservoir
Authors: Fu Yao , Zhang Xiangning , Zhou Xiaomin
Published: September 2021

The fluid flow connecting the hydraulic fracture and associated unconventional gas or oil reservoir is of great importance to explore such unconventional resource. The deformation of unconventional reservoir caused by heat transport and pore pressure fluctuation may change the stress field of surrounding layer. In this paper, the stress distribution around a penny-shaped reservoir, whose shape is more versatile to cover a wide variety of special case, is investigated via the numerical equivalent inclusion method. Fluid production or hydraulic injection in a subsurface resource caused by the change of pore pressure and temperature within the reservoir may be simulated with the help of the Eshelby inclusion model. By employing the approach of classical eigenstrain, a computational scheme for solving the disturbance produced by the thermally and pressure induced unconventional reservoir is coded to study the effect of Biot coefficient and some other important factors. Moreover, thermo-poro transformation strain and arbitrarily orientated reservoir existing within the surrounding layer are also considered.
Achieving Near-Uniform Fluid and Proppant Placement in Multistage Fractured Horizontal Wells: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling Approach
Authors: Liu Xinghui , Wang Jiehao , Singh Amit , Rijken Margaretha , Wehunt Dean , Chrusch Larry , Ahmad Faraj , Miskimins Jennifer
Published: September 2021

Multistage plug-and-perforate fracturing of horizontal wells has proved to be an effective method to develop unconventional reservoirs. Various studies have shown uneven fluid and proppant distributions across all perforation clusters. It is commonly believed that both fracturing fluid and proppant contribute to unconventional well performance. Achieving uniform fluid and proppant placement in all perforation clusters is an important step toward optimal stimulation. This paper discusses how to achieve such uniform placement in each fracturing stage by means of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approach.

A laboratory-scale CFD model was built and calibrated using experimental data of proppant transport through horizontal pipes available from several laboratory configurations. A field-scale model was then built and validated using perforation erosion data from downhole camera observations. With the field-scale model validated, CFD simulations were performed to evaluate the impact of key parameters on fluid and proppant placement in individual perforations and clusters. Some key parameters investigated in this study included perforation variables (orientation, size, and number), cluster variables (count and spacing), fluid properties, proppant properties, pumping rates, and stress shadow effects.

Both laboratory and CFD results show that bottom-side perforations receive significantly more proppant than top-side perforations because of gravitational effects. Laboratory and CFD results also show that proppant distribution is increasingly toe-biased at higher rates. Proppant concentration along the wellbore from heel to toe varies significantly. Gravity, momentum, viscous drag, and turbulent dispersion are key factors affecting proppant transport in horizontal wellbores. This study demonstrates that near-uniform fluid and proppant placement across all clusters in each stage is achievable by optimizing perforation/cluster variables and other treatment design factors. CFD modeling plays an important role in this design-optimization process.
Faster Grasping of High-Calorie Food Objects in Virtual Reality
Authors: Schroeder Philipp A , Collantoni Enrico , Lohmann Johannes , Butz Martin V , Plewnia Christian
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Attractive food elicits approaching behavior, which could be directly assessed in a combination of Virtual Reality (VR) with online motion-capture. Thus, VR enables the assessment of motivated approach and avoidance behavior towards food and non-food cues in controlled laboratory environments. Aim of this study was to test the specificity of a behavioral approach bias for high-calorie food in grasp movements compared to low-calorie food and neutral objects of different complexity, namely, simple balls and geometrically more complex tools. Methods: In a VR setting, healthy participants repeatedly grasped or pushed high-calorie food, low-calorie food, balls and office tools in randomized order with 30 item repetitions. All objects were rated for valence and arousal. Results: High-calorie food was less attractive and more arousing in subjective ratings than low-calorie food and neutral objects. Responses to high-calorie food were fastest only in grasp trials, but comparisons with low-calorie food and complex tools were inconclusive. Conclusion: A behavioral bias for food may be specific to high-calorie food objects, but more systematic variations of object fidelity are outstanding. The utility of VR in assessing approach behavior is confirmed in this study by exploring manual interactions in a controlled environment.
Clinicopathological Manifestations and Immune Phenotypes in Adult-Onset Immunodeficiency with Anti-Interferon-γ Autoantibodies
Authors: Chen Yi-Chun , Weng Shao-Wen , Ding Jing-Ya , Lee Chen-Hsiang , Ku Cheng-Lung , Huang Wen-Chi , You Huey-Ling , Huang Wan-Ting
Published: September 2021

Purpose
Anti-interferon (IFN)-γ autoantibodies (anti-IFN-γ Abs) is an emerging adult-onset immunodeficiency syndrome. Immune dysfunction in this distinct disorder remains to be clarified.
Methods
We prospectively collected blood samples of 20 patients with anti-IFN-γ Abs and 40 healthy normal subjects. The percentages of lymphocyte subpopulations, most relevant to T, B, and NK cells, and the percentages of stimulated lymphocytes with cytokine production were assessed using eight-color flow cytometry. The results were adjusted to age and absolute lymphocyte counts.
Results
Most (85%) patients presented nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. Skin lesions were predominantly manifested by neutrophilic dermatoses. The involved lymph nodes had granulomatous inflammation, except 22.2% showing atypical lymphoid hyperplasia without granuloma formation. The percentages of CD4 + T cells and non-activated subpopulations (recent thymic emigrants and naïve subtypes) decreased significantly with increased expression of activation markers and polarization to differentiated cells. The percentage of NK cells increased, but that of two major NK subpopulations, CD56bright and CD56 + CD16 + subsets decreased. Furthermore, the expression of NKp30 and NKp46 decreased with increased CD57 expression. Intracellular cytokine production of the lymphocyte subpopulations were significantly low in the patients compared with the control group.
Conclusion
We conclude that the immune system in patients with anti–IFN-γ Abs could be exhausted, contributing to the distinct clinicopathologic features.
Pontibacter rubellus sp. nov., and Pontibacter situs sp. nov. bacteria isolated from soil
Authors: Maeng Soohyun , Park Yuna , Damdintogtokh Tuvshinzaya , Oh Hyejin , Bang Minji , Sriniva Sathiyaraj , Kim Myungkyum
Published: September 2021

Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated strains 172403-2T and BT310T were isolated from the soil collected in Pyeongchang city and Uijeongbu city, Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains 172403-2T and BT310T formed a distinct lineage within the family Hymenobacteraceae (order Chitinophagales, class Chitinophagia) and were most closely related to members of the genus Pontibacter, Pontibacter chitinilyticus 17gy-14T (95.7%), and Pontibacter populi HLY7-15T (97.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) respectively. The optimal growth of strains 172403-2T and BT310T occurred at pH 7.0, in the absence of NaCl, and 25°C and 30°C, respectively. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0 and summed feature 4 (iso-C17:1 I / anteiso-C17:1 B). The major respiratory quinone of the two strains was MK-7. The major polar lipid of the two strains was phosphatidylethanolamine. Biochemical, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses indicated that strains 172403-2T and BT310T represent novel bacterial species within the genus Pontibacter, for which the names Pontibacter rubellus and Pontibacter situs are proposed. The type strains of Pontibacter rubellus and Pontibacter situs are 172403-2T and BT310T, respectively.
Job satisfaction vs. organizational climate: cross-sectional study in brazilian nursing professionals
Authors: Yamassake Ricardo Toshio , Baptista Patricia Campos Pavan , Albuquerque Vinicius Anselmo , Rached Chennyfer Dobbins Abi
Published: September 2021

Background

The organizational climate is one of the relevant constructs in the field of organizational behavior, being a construct investigated over the years. Considering the concerns that permeate the health of nursing workers and, believing that the organizational climate can interfere with job satisfaction, the present study seeks to relate the job satisfaction of the nursing team and the organizational climate in a University Hospital.
Methods

cross-sectional, quantitative study. EQUATOR checklist used to report the study is SQUIRE 2.0. The sample consisted of 226 nursing workers from a university hospital on the west side of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. A Socio-demographic and Professional Characterization Questionnaire, Organizational Climate Scale for Health Organizations (ECOOS), and Work Satisfaction Questionnaire (S20 / S23) were been applied.
Results

There is no correlation between Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction and the higher the Organizational Climate score, the higher the Work Satisfaction score. The relationship between job satisfaction and organizational climate is complex and is associated with each individual's experience and the way they interpret these experiences.
Conclusion

There is a correlation between job satisfaction and organizational climate; it was verified through the applied instruments that several dimensions and sub-dimensions are associated with this relationship. Leadership was one of the most prominent dimensions. Implications for Health Policy: understanding the relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction provides subsidies for the elaboration of strategies to mitigate the processes of exhaustion, illness, and incapacity of workers, as well as helping to improve the productivity and effectiveness of the nursing work process.
The Enhancement of Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis Plants Induced by Pretreatment with Sulfur Dioxide
Authors: Li Lijuan , Yi Huilan
Published: September 2021

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common air pollutant that has multiple effects on plants. Here, the effect of prior exposure to SO2 on the improvements of drought tolerance and possible regulation mechanisms were investigated in Arabidopsis plants. The experimental results showed that pre-exposure to 30 mg/m3 SO2 for 72 h could reduce leaf water loss, and enhance the drought tolerance of Arabidopsis plants. SO2 pre-exposure decreased leaf stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) but increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn), water use efficiency (iWUE) and photosynthetic pigment contents under drought conditions. Importantly, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were significantly increased, while the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased in SO2-pretreated Arabidopsis plants under drought stress. Additionally, the activity of o-acetylserine(thio)lyase (OASTL) and the content of cysteine (Cys), the rate-limiting enzyme and the first organic product of sulfur assimilation, were increased significantly in drought-stressed plants after SO2 pretreatment, along with the increases of other thiol-containing compounds glutathione (GSH) and non-protein thiol (NPT). Meanwhile, SO2 pre-exposure induced a higher level of proline accumulation, accompanied by the increased activity of proline synthase P5CS, the decreased activity of proline dehydrogenase ProDH and the corresponding alteration of gene transcription. Collectively, the enhanced drought tolerance afforded by SO2 might be related to the improvement of plant photosynthesis, antioxidant defense, sulfur assimilation and osmotic adjustment. These findings provide new insights in understanding the role of SO2 in plant adaptation to environmental stress.
First-Principles Study of ZnIn2Te4 and HgIn2Te4 Defect-Chalcopyrite Semiconductors Under Different Pressures: Electronic, Elastic, And Optical Properties
Authors: CHANDRA SATISH , Kumar V.
Published: September 2021

First-principle calculations of electronic, elastic, and optical properties for ZnIn2Te4 and HgIn2Te4 defect-chalcopyrite semiconductors have been performed using local density approximation (LDA). Computed energy bandgaps are 1.398 eV and 1.101 eV, respectively, for ZnIn2Te4 and HgIn2Te4, which show the indirect bandgaps behavior. Elastic parameters and Debye temperature have also been investigated at 0, 5, 10, 13, and 14 GPa pressures. Calculated results indicate that both semiconductors are covalent in nature at 0 GPa and become ionic afterward. Optical parameters have also been examined under 0, 5, 10, and 13 GPa in the energy span of 0 eV to 15 eV. The calculated values indicate that these semiconductors are mechanically stable up to 13 GPa and become unstable at 14 GPa. The Calculated values of all parameters are compared with the available experimental and reported values at 0 GPa. A reasonable agreement has been obtained between them. The values of these parameters at 5, 10, 13, and 14 GPa pressures are reported for the first time.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on exercise habits among cancer patients
Authors: Himbert Caroline , Hathaway Cassandra A. , Daniels Bailee , Salas Karen , Ashworth Anjelica , Gigic Biljana , Lin Tengda , Viskochil Richard , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Grossman Douglas , Ose Jennifer , Tward Jonathan , Scaife Courtney , Figueiredo Jane C. , Toriola Adetunji T. , Beck Anna , Shibata David , Gonzalez Brian D. , Matsen Cindy , Christenson Cristina , Ma Debra S. , Colman Howard , Hunt Jason P. , Jones Kevin B. , Lee Catherine J. , Larson Mikaela , Onega Tracy , Akerley Wallace L. , Li Christopher I. , Schneider Martin , Penedo Frank J. , Siegel Erin M. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Peoples Anita R.
Published: September 2021

Purpose

There is limited information on how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed health behaviors among cancer patients. We examined the impact of the pandemic on changes in exercise behaviors and identified characteristics associated with these changes among cancer patients.
Methods

Cancer patients (n = 1,361) completed a survey from August-September 2020 to assess COVID-19 pandemic-related changes in health behaviors and psychosocial factors. Patients were categorized into 3 groups: exercising less, exercising did not change, and exercising more. Patient characteristics were compared by exercise groups.
Results

One-third of the patients reported a decreased amount of regular exercise, while 11% reported exercising more during the pandemic. Patients who exercised less were more likely to be unemployed/retired, undergoing active treatment, and had increased pandemic-related alcohol consumption and psychosocial stressors such as loneliness and financial stress (all p < 0.05). In contrast, patients who exercised more were younger, female, full-time employed, did not consume alcohol, and had good health status and more social interactions (all p < 0.05). Patients who were living in rural areas and did not experience changes in daily life, were also more likely not to experience changes in exercise habits (all p < 0.05).
Conclusion

Our results indicate that a significant proportion of cancer patients experienced changes in exercise habits during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Age, sex, employment status, health status, alcohol consumption, and psychosocial factors were associated with changes in exercise behaviors. Providers should monitor for changes in health behaviors, such as exercise, because of their importance in improving cancer survivorship.
WITHDRAWN: Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjunct to Ropivacaine in Bilateral Dual-Transversus Abdominis Plane Blocks in Patients with Ovarian Cancer Underwent Cytoreductive Surgery
Authors: Zhang Jian-ping , Zhang Na , Chen Xu , Zhou Yin , Jiang Zhen , Gao Chen , Xie Yan-Hu , Wang Sheng , zhang wei
Published: September 2021

Objective: To evaluate the postoperative control of pain and recovery in patients with ovarian cancer underwent cytoreductive surgery by adding dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine in bilateral dual-transversus abdominis plane (Bd-TAP) blocks.Methods: We enrolled ninety ASA I-III patients undergoing open abdominal cytoreductive surgery in this study. Patients were randomized assigned into three groups (TAP-R, TAP-DR, and CON, n=30 in each). All patients received standardized general anesthesia and postoperative Bd-TAP blocks were performed. The TAP-R, TAP-DR and CON group received Bd-TAP blocks with 0.3% ropivacaine, 0.3% ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine 0.5µg/kg, and 0.9% normal saline, respectively. All patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA). The first request time for PCIA bolus, the VAS scores at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after operation, the cumulative sufentanil consumption in 24 and 48 hours were compared. Pulmonary function was evaluated pre-operation and 24h after operation. The use of rescue drugs, early recovery quality was recorded.Results: Median values of the first request time for PCIA in the TAP-DR was 13.5 (11.0-16.0) hours, which was significantly longer than those in the TAP-R and CON groups [7.0 (6.0-9.0) and 3.0 (1.0-4.5)]. The VAS scores at rest and on coughing of TAP-DR group at all time points after operation were significantly lower than those of CON group (P <0.05). Cumulative sufentanil consumption in TAP-DR group were the least at 48h after surgery. Postoperative FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in TAP-DR group was significantly higher than group CON. Less rescue analgesics was needed by the patients in TAP-DR group (P <0.05). There was no significantly difference in the early recovery quality between TAP-DR and CON group (P >0.05).Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for Bd-TAP blocks prolonged the first bolus time of PCIA for ovarian cancer surgery and decreased sufentanil consumption. The procedure provided better postoperative analgesia and improved postoperative pulmonary function without excessive sedation.
BMC Nursing Tittle Meal Taking Behavior of Nurses in Government Health Clinics in Selangor and Its Associated Factors - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hussin Huzaifah , Hamedon Titi Rahmawati
Published: September 2021

Introduction Meal taking behaviour MTB covers a broad definition, from food motive, pattern, dieting and diet related diseases. There are many factors that may affect MTB including social and environmental factors. Nurses were found to skip meals, take high calories food and fast foods. A good MTB is important for nurses ‘health, maintaining good job performance and as role model to the public.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 178 staff nurses of public health clinics in Selangor who have fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria Data was collected from September 2020 till March 2021 using pre-tested and validated self-administered questionnaire. Cronbach alpha were 0.78 for knowledge and 0.71 for MTB. Data was analysed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0 involving descriptive and inferential statistics. All ethical approval was obtained from ethical committees and written consent were received from all the respondents.Result: The response rate was 97%. Findings showed 42% of respondents had poor MTB, 47.1% had poor nutritional knowledge and 58.9% of nurses were overweight and obese. There was significant association between MTB with source of foods (breakfast and dinner) with p= 0.016 and p<0.001 and eating companion during lunch (p=0.003). Other factors, such as sociodemographic, working and employment factors were found to have not statistically significant association.Conclusion: MTB showed to be a problem among nurses at the study location with a 42.9% of them had poor MTB and half of them nurses have weight problem. We found that MTB is significantly associated with their food source and eating companion. Intervention should be taken to improve the MTB of nurses.