bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ĐẶC ĐIỂM KHẨU PHẦN Ở NGƯỜI TRƯỞNG THÀNH TẠI THỊ TRẤN TRÂU QUỲ, HUYỆN GIA LÂM, HÀ NỘI NĂM 2022
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Tố Uyên , Nguyễn Thị Hương Lan , Trần Thị Thu Trang , Trần Thị Quỳnh Anh , Huỳnh Nam Phương , Trương Tuyết Mai , Hoàng Thu Nga
Published: November 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm khẩu phần ở người trưởng thành tại huyện Gia Lâm, Hà Nội năm 2022.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện trên 220 người 20-60 tuổi. Phương pháp hỏi ghi khẩu phần cá thể 24 giờ qua được sử dụng để thu thập số liệu đánh giá khẩu phần.
Kết quả: Hầu hết người trưởng thành có tiêu thụ ngũ cốc, rau và thịt các loại với mức tiêu thụ trung bình lần lượt là 249,2, 157,4 và 95,9 g/ngày. Năng lượng khẩu phần trung bình là 1737 kcal/người/ngày với 62,3% thấp hơn so với mức khuyến nghị, năng lượng khẩu phần cao hơn ở người 20-40 tuổi so với 41-60 tuổi (p<0,05). Cơ cấu sinh năng lượng khẩu phần từ protein, lipid và carbohydrate là 16,9%, 23,8% và 59,3%. Tỷ lệ người 20-60 tuổi có khẩu phần protein, lipid và carbohydrate thấp hơn mức khuyến nghị lần lượt là 79,1%, 46,8% và 54,5%. Tỷ lệ protein nguồn động vật là 55,4%. Khẩu phần calci, vitamin A và folate chỉ đáp ứng khoảng 50% nhu cầu khuyến nghị. Tỷ lệ người 20-60 tuổi có khẩu phần chưa đáp ứng nhu cầu khuyến nghị là 90-92% với calci, vitamin A, folate và 50-60% với sắt, kẽm, vitamin C, thiamin và vitamin B6.
Kết luận: Hầu hết người 20-60 tuổi có tiêu thụ ngũ cốc, rau và thịt các loại. Mức tiêu thụ rau và quả chín chưa đạt so với mức khuyến nghị. Năng lượng khẩu phần trung bình nhìn chung đáp ứng nhu cầu khuyến nghị, tỷ lệ các chất sinh nhiệt cân đối, hợp lý. Tỷ lệ người trưởng thành có khẩu phần các chất dinh dưỡng chưa đạt khuyến nghị ở mức cao. Cần tăng cường truyền thông, giáo dục dinh dưỡng, hướng dẫn người dân về chế độ ăn hợp lý, cân đối để đảm bảo khẩu phần đáp ứng được nhu cầu.
MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ TỚI BỆNH TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP Ở NGƯỜI 40-69 TUỔI TẠI THÀNH PHỐ THÁI NGUYÊN NĂM 2023
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Diệp Anh , Trần Thanh Dương , Hoàng Thu Nga , Phạm Thị Đức Hạnh , Vũ Thị Thu Hiền , Nguyễn Hữu Chính
Published: November 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá một số yếu tố nguy cơ tới bệnh tăng huyết áp (THA) ở người trưởng thành 40-69 tuổi.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu bệnh-chứng tiến hành tại Thành phố Thái Nguyên ở 126 người 40-69 tuổi, gồm 67 người bệnh THA và 59 người không THA. Sử dụng bộ câu hỏi thiết kế sẵn để phỏng vấn thu thập số liệu gồm: thông tin chung, hoạt động thể lực, sử dụng đồ uống có cồn, hút thuốc lá, thói quen ăn uống, tần suất sử dụng thực phẩm. Đo huyết áp và cân đo nhân trắc.
Kết quả: Nhóm người THA có trụng bình vòng eo ở nữ giới là 83,03 ± 8,75 cm và vòng mông 94,91 ± 5,99 cm cao hơn tương ứng so với vòng eo và vòng mông của nữ giới ở nhóm không THA (vòng eo: 77,29 ± 6,88 cm; vòng mông: 90,48 ± 5,53) với p<0,01. Tỷ lệ thừa cân béo phì ở nhóm THA là 64,2% cao hơn có YNTK so với nhóm đối chứng (45,8%) với p<0,05. Tỷ lệ đối tượng sử dụng thực phẩm chế biến sẵn từ thịt cá với tần suất cao ở nhóm THA là 23,9% cao hơn so với nhóm không THA (3,4%) với p < 0,05. Tỷ lệ đối tượng sử dụng rau với tần suất cao ở nhóm THA 65,7% thấp hơn so với nhóm không THA (88,1%) với p < 0,01.
Kết luận: Tình trạng thừa cân béo phì, tiêu thụ nhiều thực phẩm chế biến sẵn từ thịt cá và ít sử dụng rau liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê tới tình trạng tăng huyết áp ở người 40-69 tuổi tại Thành phố Thái Nguyên.
Influence of Different Sources and Levels of Phosphorus on Nutrient Use Efficiency (NUE) and Properties of Low Calcareous Soil
Authors: Meshram Pranali , Patil Abhay , Jadhav Anand , Gosavi Avinash , Bagade Praful
Published: November 2024

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2023 at Post Graduate Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Pune to study the impact of different phosphorus sources and levels on soybean growth and nutrient uptake in low calcareous soil. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design having eight treatments with three replications. The treatments comprised T1 - Absolute control, T2 - RDF (50:75:45 kg ha-1 N: P2O5: K2O), T3 - 50% P2O5 through PROM, T4 - 75% P2O5 through PROM, T5 - 100% P2O5 through PROM, T6 - 100% P2O5 through DAP + FYM @12.5 t ha-1, T7 - 100% P2O5 through SSP + FYM @12.5 t ha-1 and T8 - 100% P2O5 through vermicompost. The soil of experimental site was clay loam in texture. The findings of the present investigation revealed that the higher nutrient use efficiency was registered in treatment 100% P2O5 through SSP + FYM @12.5 t ha-1 (16.25 kg kg-1). The application of 100% P2O5 through PROM recorded higher nutrient use efficiency (13.31 kg kg-1) over RDF (11.52 kg kg-1). In respect of agronomic nutrient use efficiency, 100% P2O5 through SSP + FYM @12.5 t ha-1 registered higher nitrogen (40 kg grain kg nutrient-1), phosphorus (26 kg grain kg nutrient-1) and potassium efficiency (44 kg grain kg nutrient-1) to soybean crop. The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was observed higher in treatment 100% P2O5 through PROM over treatment RDF.
After harvest of crop the soil pH was remained unaffected while the electrical conductivity of soil was significantly higher in 100 % P2O5 through vermicompost and PROM to soybean crop. The application of 100% P2O5 either through vermicompost or PROM recorded at par organic carbon content in soil (0.66% and 0.64% respectively). The application of 100% P2O5 through PROM significantly reduced calcium carbonate (6.29%) in soil.
The 100% P2O5 through SSP + FYM @12.5 t ha-1 showed higher available nitrogen in soil (297.33 kg ha-1) while the application of 100% P2O5 through DAP + FYM @12.5 t ha-1 exhibited higher level of available phosphorus and potassium content in soil (41.33 and 745.33 kg ha-1, respectively). Further, the application of 100% P2O5 through vermicompost was also significantly superior in available micronutrients like iron (5.7 mg kg-1), manganese (9.9 mg kg-1), zinc (4.6 mg kg-1) and copper (10.4 mg kg-1).
The application of 100% P2O5 through PROM registered significantly higher available nitrogen (287.33 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (37.33 kg ha-1), available potassium (737.67 kg ha-1), available micronutrients viz. iron (5.4 mg kg-1), manganese (9.2 mg kg-1), zinc (4.4 mg kg-1) and copper (10.4 mg kg-1) over recommended dose of fertilizers.
In general, the integration of organic fertilizers, FYM, PROM and vermicompost, with chemical fertilizers can significantly enhance nutrient use efficiency, soil nutrient content, improve soil health and increase soybean yield in low calcareous soils.
Selection of Superior Clones of Cedrela odorata L. at Early Age in an Asexual Seed Orchard for Genetic Improvement
Authors: Uicab José Vidal Cob , Cool Gilbert José Herrera , Santiago Bartolo Rodríguez , Collí Ángel Javier Caamal
Published: November 2024

The selection of plant age in forest species is crucial in a genetic improvement program, as time is a key factor in decision-making. This study aimed to evaluate the variation in clonal growth of Cedrela odorata L. to identify clones with superior performance at an early age. The orchard was established in September 2014, utilizing a completely randomized block design with a planting distance of 4 x 4 m. The experiment comprised 70 clones (ortets), each with 35 replicates (ramets), totaling 2,450 ramets. Selection was based on four key traits: total height (th), clear stem height (csh), normal diameter (nd), and crown diameter (cd). These variables were used to calculate the percentage gain or loss in performance for each clone relative to the population mean. A principal component analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey test (p≤0.05), and cluster analysis were performed to assess the data. The results identified 16 out of the 70 clones as having superior traits. The superior clones included 53-CoSFcoChan07, 2-CoGua344, 15-CoB191, 19-CoKal126, 22-CoKal142, 41-CoTux558, 35-CoTez642, 56-CoTez539, 45-CoTez549, 49-CoTez540, 50-CoTez540, 59-CoTux555, 62-CoCar5, 30-CoBac02, 48-CoTez544, and 10-CoKal16. The average traits of these superior clones were 8.0±0.4 m for total height, 2.6±0.1 m for clear stem height, 0.13±0.0 m for normal diameter, and 4.1±0.2 m for crown diameter, representing a 15% increase over the population mean.
Evaluation of Physicochemical Parameters of Water in Three Lakes of Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Selvasubramani Agalya , Marthandam Priyadarshini Kasthuri , Manickam Senguttuvan
Published: November 2024

The investigator's goal was to evaluate the effects of pesticide pollution brought on by the vegetable market's wastewater outflow from nearby ponds in and around Dindigul town, Tamilnadu, India. The surrounding research area's ponds have been greatly impacted by the ongoing use of pesticides in these vegetable wastes. Three sampling sites were chosen for this study such as Sadayan, Lakshmi Puram and Nagammal pondss and samples were taken in the summer to examine critical parameters like total hardness, pH, dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chloride, total alkalinity, and total dissolved solids (TDS), as well as heavy metals. The results indicate that Sadayan Ponds is classified as severely polluted while compared other ponds. This investigation leads to the conclusion that the ponds's water is not appropriate for agriculture or for sustaining wildlife.
New Distributional Records with a Prelimanary Checklist of Gyrinidae (Order: Coleoptera) of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Takawane Pallavi , Deb Rita , Pokale Sandeep , Subramanian K A
Published: November 2024

The present study is based on some collections of aquatic beetles of family Gyrinidae Latreille, 1810 from different locations of Maharashtra. This study contributes new and updated records of family Gyrinidae from the state of Mahrashtra. 12 species of the family have been reported so far from Maharashtra. The present study reports the presence of Dineutus (Cyclous) spinosus (Fabricius, 1781) and Gyrinus convexiusculus Macleay, 1871 from Maharashtra for the first time, the range of the genus Gyrinus Geoffrey, 1762 to one more state of India, Maharashtra has also been extended.
Importance of Proper Breeding Techniques in Enhancing Magur Seed Production
Authors: Giri Abhishek , Saxena Shriparna
Published: November 2024

Fish farmers in eastern India, consider it to be a species of choice for diversifying their cultural practice since it provides them with a considerable return on their investment. The natural seeds of Magur have been sharply declining due to ecological imbalance in their natural breeding ground, which is low lying paddy field. This imbalance is caused by the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticides. However, the availability of Magur seeds in desired hours of stocking in desired quantity stands as a constraint to the propagation of culture of this species. It is consequently the only method that is feasible to reduce the severity of the issue, and that is to induce breeding of the species in captivity. There have only been a few models designed for the purpose of reproducing Magur in captivity, but each of these models involves a significant amount of financial investment. However, a labor-intensive and low-cost farmers'-friendly model for the production of small quantity seeds has not yet been standardized for rural small scale fish farmers. In this paper we found that magur seed production can be done through low cost investing, that’s why farmers or rural people get more economic profit. The study demonstrates how specific breeding techniques and management practices can significantly enhance seed production, contributing to the sustainability of Magur aquaculture in India.
SER MULHER NA PRISÃO
Authors: Carvalho Clarissa da Costa , Carvalho Isabel Maria Soares da Costa
Published: November 2024

O presente trabalho trata sobre as mulheres encarceradas e a influência das questões de gênero na forma que elas vivenciam a prisão. Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa na qual realizou-se pesquisa documental e levantamentos estatísticos a partir da análise das informações publicadas pelo Ministério da Justiça, através do Departamento Penitenciário Nacional (Depen), ademais, procedeu-se à revisão bibliográfica dos estudos de gênero numa perspectiva feminista crítica, assim, foi possível a construção de um referencial teórico que discute as temáticas de gênero, cárcere e relações sociais. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo refletir acerca das concepções de gênero que atravessam e regulam a vida de mulheres que experienciaram o contexto prisional, para isso foi observado como se dá a experiência na prisão por uma mulher e como as estruturas de gestão se organizam (ou não) para atender às especificações decorrentes do gênero. Assim, foi a partir da análise dos dados do Depen e acesso aos depoimentos e experiências reais presentes nas obras “Presos que Menstruam” da jornalista Nana Queiroz e “Cadeia: Relatos sobre mulheres” da antropóloga Débora Diniz, juntamente com a base teórica de autoras que pesquisam e estudam gênero numa perspectiva feminista crítica que procedemos às reflexões neste trabalho.
Estrategias psicopedagógicas de regulación emocional en adolescentes: Efectos del estrés y la Ansiedad
Authors: Clemente González Javier Leonel , Flores López Denisse Lissette , González Flores Orfelina Georgelina , Tomalá Panchana Julio Javier
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las estrategias psicopedagógicas implementadas para la regulación emocional en adolescentes, así como evaluar su eficacia en la mitigación de los efectos adversos del estrés y la ansiedad. La investigación se basó en una metodología descriptiva, con un enfoque cualitativo y un diseño documental, lo que permitió un análisis exhaustivo de fuentes académicas relevantes y confiables. Entre los autores revisados, Monsalve et al. (2023), Tavizón et al. (2021), Castro et al. (2023) y Espinosa-Castro et al. (2020) examinan la relación entre las exigencias académicas y la manifestación de síntomas de estrés, mientras que Marín et al. (2021) profundiza en la influencia de la ansiedad sobre el rendimiento académico. De igual manera, los hallazgos de De-Carvalho et al. (2023) destacan la efectividad de intervenciones basadas en mindfulness en adolescentes. Las fuentes utilizadas incluyen repositorios y revistas científicas como Dialnet, SciELO, Redalyc, Polo del Conocimiento, Revista Brasileira de Terapias Cognitivas, Clínica Contemporánea y, entre otras, que proporcionan investigaciones actualizadas en el ámbito de la salud mental y la educación. En conclusión, el estrés y la ansiedad en adolescentes se ven influenciados tanto por factores biológicos como sociales, además, estrategias psicopedagógicas como la educación emocional, el mindfulness, y terapias cognitivo-conductuales (TCC) y de aceptación y compromiso (ACT) han demostrado ser eficaces en su regulación. Por lo que, es crucial abordar tanto los fundamentos neurobiológicos como los factores contextuales del estrés para prevenir y minimizar su impacto en el bienestar emocional y el desempeño académico de los adolescentes.
Las redes sociales y su impacto en la disortografía de los estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Bejarano Urquizo Lourdes Elizabeth , Bonilla Bonito Daniela Fernanda , Ortiz Paredes Tatiana Margarita , Paredes Hernández Nelly Elizabeth , Toaquiza Vilca Silvia Graciela
Published: November 2024

El presente trabajo se encuentra inmerso dentro del campo de las necesidades educativas especiales (NEE), específicamente en la disortografía que afecta no solo en su formación académica, sino también su desarrollo integral, pero todo esto podría derivarse del uso de las apps sociales, que hoy en día son tendencia. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el impacto que tienen las redes sociales en este trastorno a través de la aplicación de encuestas, para comprender la influencia de las plataformas en las habilidades de composición escrita de los bachilleres. Para ello, la técnica empleada en la indagación fue la encuesta y su instrumento es un cuestionario con una escala de Likert. Además, se realizó un dictado para determinar la incidencia que tienen las redes sociales en alumnos que presentan errores ortográficos Para esto, la población destinada fueron todos los educandos que corresponden a los tres niveles de bachillerato de una institución educativa, en la que sus edades se encuentran entre los 15 a 18 años. Los resultados obtenidos indican que, la informalidad y rapidez de la comunicación en redes sociales parecen consolidar malos hábitos de escritura, afectando negativamente tanto las calificaciones académicas como la autoestima de los jóvenes. Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de estrategias pedagógicas que promuevan la corrección ortográfica y una utilización crítica de las plataformas digitales. Por otro lado, se destaca la importancia de investigar más a fondo este fenómeno para diseñar intervenciones didácticas efectivas que mejoren las competencias de redacción en la era digital.
Voltage Deviation Influence on Electric Sizes of Lighting Lamps
Authors: Shonazarova Shahnoza , Tavarov Saidjon Sheralievich , Sidorov Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: November 2024

The influence of voltage deviation from the nominal value of 220 V on the illumination of incandescent lamps and arc sodium tubular lamps (HPS) is presented. It has been established that voltage deviations from the nominal value do not affect the illumination of energy-saving and LED lamps. It is shown that most of the energy-saving LED and HPS lamps used in household and street lighting in Dushanbe have a low active power factor, which, in turn, leads to an increase in reactive power consumption in the electrical network.
Electric Network Topology Optimization with Distributed Generation using Pandapower Library
Authors: Klimov Alexey , Matrenin Pavel
Published: November 2024

The paper describes the selection of the optimal topology for a distributed electric network with renewable energy sources. The Newton-Raphson method is used to calculate power flows, which is the basis of the Pandapower library. The library is a Python-based tool for modeling, analyzing, and optimizing electrical networks. It allows for the creation and modification of electrical schematics, calculation of power flows, determination of voltages and currents, as well as optimization of system performance. The result of the work is the determination of the optimal configuration in terms of minimizing electrical energy losses in network lines. The developed software allows for loading data on network nodes and lines, including active and reactive power consumption and generation, performing steady-state calculations with determination of losses in lines. Due to the automation of calculations, it is possible to perform calculations for all permissible network topologies and select the optimal one for the given conditions. The result of the work is the determination of the optimal configuration in terms of minimizing electrical energy losses in network lines.
Expression of Five Important Biomarkers in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: MicroRNAs-128, miR-335-5p, miR-1254, VEGF, and K-RAS
Authors: Yari Elmira , Mohamadnia Abdolreza , Bahrami Naghmeh , Salahshourifar Iman
Published: November 2024

Background: Lung cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), are the most common malignancy and leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the occurrence of lung cancer by targeting both tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. Among them, miR-128, miR-335-5p, and miR-1254 are mainly reported to function in regulating lung cancer cell behavior. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the existence and expression levels of miRNA-128, miR-335-5p, and miR-1254 as well as mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF and mRNA expression levels of K-RAS in both peripheral blood and cancerous tissue of NSCLC patients compared to the healthy subjects. Methods: Blood and tissue samples were collected from 50 healthy donors and 50 NSCLS patients. The serum level of VEGF was measured using the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression levels of K-RAS and VEGF, as well as the expression of miRNA-128, miR-335-5p, and miR-1254, were determined, using real-time PCR. Results: Lower mRNA expression levels of miRNA-128, miR-335-5p, and miR-1254, as well as higher mRNA expression levels of VEGF and K-RAS, were detected in both peripheral blood and tissue samples from NSCLC patients compared to those of the healthy subjects. The VEGF protein levels in the peripheral blood of the patients were also found to be significantly lower than those in the healthy subjects. Conclusions: The findings from this study suggest that miR-335-5p, miR-1254, and miR-128, may contribute to the pathogenesis and tumorigenesis of NSCLC at least in part by modulation of proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis via targeting VEGF and K-RAS signaling pathways. K-RAS and VEGF may be target genes for miR-335-5p, miR-1254, and miR-128 in NSCLC patients.
Clinical Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes of Pediatric Brain Tumors: A 5-Year Single-Center Experience in Istanbul
Authors: Gulsah Tanyildiz Hikmet , Yılmaz Yasin , Şahin Şifa , Karaman Serap , Unuvar Aysegul , Tugcu Deniz , Karakas Zeynep
Published: November 2024

Background: Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in childhood. With the help of increased clinical awareness, improvements in imaging methods, and the identification of molecular characteristics, advances have been made in both diagnosis and treatment. Objectives: In our study, we aimed to discuss the childhood brain tumor cases followed in our clinic, along with their clinical and epidemiological features and treatment outcomes. Methods: The study group comprised children younger than 18 years old who were followed in the Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Clinic of Istanbul Medical Faculty and diagnosed with a brain tumor over the past 5 years (2018 - 2023). Symptoms, age at diagnosis, treatment options (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy), and side effects were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Thirty children were diagnosed with brain tumors. Of the patients, 14 (47%) were male and 16 (53%) were female. The mean age of the children was 8.8 ± 3.1 years, and the mean age at diagnosis was 65.6 ± 37.7 months. The most common symptom was vomiting (40%). The mean duration between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 3.8 months, with a median of 1 month. Of the patients, 60% were diagnosed with glial tumors and 40% with non-glial tumors. Gross total resection (GTR) was performed in 26% of patients, subtotal resection (STR) in 37%, and 37% of patients did not undergo surgery. Seventy-seven percent of the patients received chemotherapy, and 57% received radiotherapy. Of the patients, 57% were considered responsive to treatment (complete/partial), 30% had stable disease, and 13% had progressive disease. The overall brain tumor mortality rate in our clinic was 13%. While 73% of our 26 patients had no or mild neurological deficits, 27% had moderate to severe disabilities (gait impairment, hearing impairment, visual impairment). Conclusion: Although the sample size was limited, it may be speculated that the surgery rate was low and long-term side effects were notable. Insufficient surgical resection can affect the treatment response and increase the risk of neurological sequelae and functional impairment. Molecular profiling should be expanded, and a palliative care team should be involved as early as possible to address long-term side effects and improve the quality of life for patients.
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Training Package for Violence Prevention in Adolescents: Its Effect on Self-control and Social Skills
Authors: Amini Zahra , Ansari Houri , Lotfi Sedigheh , Gholipour Fatemeh
Published: November 2024

Background: Adolescence is a period marked by significant changes, during which individuals face major emotional, cognitive, and behavioral challenges. Violence remains a significant global concern, and factors such as self-control and social skills play a crucial role in reducing and managing adolescent violence. Objectives: This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a training package for violence prevention (TPVP) in adolescents and assess its impact on self-control and social skills among students in Isfahan. Methods: This study was conducted on sixty 13 - 15-year-old female students in Isfahan, Iran, during the 2022 - 2023 academic year. First, the TPVP was developed after reviewing relevant theories and existing training packages, then it was evaluated by a panel of faculty members from the Department of Social Medicine, psychiatrists, and clinical psychologists. The students were randomly divided into two groups: (1) an intervention group, and (2) a control group, with 30 students in each group. The intervention group received the TPVP and attended five training sessions. To assess social skills and self-control, the Inderbitzen and Foster Social Skills Questionnaire and the Tangney Self-control Questionnaire were administered to both groups before and three months after the intervention. Results: Sixty female students aged 13 - 15 participated in this study. The mean self-control score in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group after the intervention (46.33 ± 6.488 vs. 40.44 ± 7.307, P = 0.002). Prior to the training, there was no significant difference in social skills scores between the two groups. However, following the intervention, the mean social skills score in the intervention group was significantly higher than in the control group (118.38.726 vs. 102.913.468, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The violence prevention training package was effective in improving self-control and social skills among students. The study demonstrated that the implementation of a structured TPVP can enhance both self-control and social skills in adolescents.
Population Development in Slovakia between the Pandemics (1919–2022)
Authors: Šprocha Branislav , Tišliar Pavol
Published: November 2024

The population development of Slovakia has undergone several unique and historically unique changes between the Spanish influenza and COVID-19 pandemics, which have not only significantly influenced its character and the functioning of Slovak society, but will also significantly influence its future direction. It is precisely to reveal the main developmental features and transformational changes in individual demographic processes, as well as to indicate some of their main conditionalities, that this publication attempts. It is the result of more than two decades of research by two leading scholars in the field of historical and modern demography in Slovakia.
Rehacer, no deshacer: insistencia de la representación manual en taller
Authors: Pérez García Diego
Published: November 2024

The present text exploress analogous work exercises conducted in the Architecture Workshop I-II at the University of San Sebastián, Concepción, between 2021 and 2023. Manual techniques of model making, drawing, and painting are used to bring students closer to the physical reality of the architectural creative process. Despite the rapid transition to digital tools in the curriculum, the workshop emphasizes the importance of manual work to develop cognitive, procedural, and attitudinal skills. The exercises, ranging from drawing to the final semester assemblies, promote reflection and a balanced interpretation between analog and digital techniques. The course aims to instill in the group of students an awareness of the value of patience, reflection, and resilience in the face of error.

El presente texto explora ejercicios de trabajo análogo realizados en el Taller de Arquitectura I-II de la Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, entre 2021 y 2023. Se utilizan técnicas manuales de maquetas, dibujos y pinturas para acercar a los estudiantes a la realidad física del proceso creativo arquitectónico. A pesar de la rápida transición a herramientas digitales en la malla curricular, el taller enfatiza la importancia del trabajo manual para desarrollar habilidades cognitivas, procedimentales y actitudinales. Los ejercicios que van desde el dibujo a los montajes finales del semestre, promueven la reflexión y la interpretación equilibrada entre técnicas análogas y digitales. El curso busca formar conciencia en el grupo de estudiantes sobre el valor de la paciencia, la reflexión y la resistencia ante el error.
Imaginabilidad de la sociedad analógica-digital: ecosistemas gráficos de derivas urbanas
Authors: Barrale Julián , Waidler Melanie , Higueras Ester , Seve Bruno
Published: November 2024

This paper addresses the relationship between physical experiences in urban spaces and digital maps. A representation tool sensitive to people's perceptions when walking through cities is proposed. The aim of the communication is to compare the results of three drifts organized in the field of academic training in architecture schools in Madrid and Barcelona. The study process includes collective walks, questionnaires designed to generate databases and from this information, the post-productions of cartographies called graphic ecosystems. The results show the scope of the urban drifts carried out in different neighborhoods, groups and days through infographics, collective poetry and maps that collect the imaginary projections of the participants. The tests carried out impact with cartographies of traveled fragments and an applied method of urban evaluation for the analog-digital society.

En este artículo se abordan las relaciones entre experiencias físicas en espacios urbanos y mapas digitales. Se propone una herramienta de representación sensible a las percepciones de las personas al transitar por las ciudades a pie. El objetivo de la comunicación es comparar los resultados de tres derivas organizadas en el ámbito de la formación académica de escuelas de arquitectura en Madrid y Barcelona. El proceso de estudio incluye las caminatas colectivas, los cuestionarios diseñados para generar bases de datos y a partir de dicha información, las postproducciones de cartografías denominadas ecosistemas gráficos. Los resultados muestran los alcances de las derivas urbanas realizadas en barrios, grupos y días diversos a través de infografías, poesías colectivas y mapas que recogen las proyecciones imaginarias de los participantes. Los ensayos realizados impactan con cartografías de fragmentos recorridos y un método aplicado de evaluación urbana para la sociedad analógica-digital.
La pompa de jabón: estudio experimental y digital de las superficies mínimas
Authors: Salazar Lozano María del Pilar , Alonso Pedrero Fernando Manuel , Morán García Pilar
Published: November 2024

This article presents an exercise carried out with first-year Architecture students focused on a complex geometric shape: minimal surfaces. It explains the development of the exercises, which combine mathematical and geometric knowledge with hands-on experimentation and the creative application of what has been studied. In this case, soap bubbles, created with a soapy solution, are used to gain an intuitive understanding of minimal surfaces. At the same time, it takes the opportunity to join the debate on the use of manual, digital, and three-dimensional graphic tools in the early education of an architecture student.

Este artículo presenta un ejercicio que se ha realizado con alumnos del primer curso del grado en Arquitectura acerca de una forma geométrica compleja: las superficies mínimas. Explica el desarrollo de los ejercicios, en los que se combina el conocimiento matemático y geométrico con la experimentación manual y con la aplicación creativa de lo estudiado. En este caso, se utilizan para el conocimiento intuitivo de las superficies mínimas la creación de pompas de jabón gracias a una solución jabonosa. A la vez, aprovecha esta oportunidad para unirse al debate sobre el uso de las herramientas gráficas manuales, informáticas y tridimensionales en la educación inicial de un estudiante de arquitectura.
Los ladrillos no son digitales: la experiencia táctil en la docencia de construcción.
Authors: Arias Madero Javier
Published: November 2024

This article explores the disconnect between the digital skills promoted by the educational system and the essentially physical nature of construction in architecture, analysing the challenges faced by first-year architecture students, who often arrive with little knowledge of construction techniques. . We defend that the teaching of construction must evolve to balance the digital with the physical, and in this work a propaedeutic teaching strategy is presented for the subjects of Construction I and II of the first year of the Degree in Fundamentals of Architecture of the ETSAVA, which advocates complementing the digital tools used in the theoretical part with physical and practical experiences where the student touches different objects and materials with their hands. This praxis is inspired by historical models such as the Bauhaus and the Chicago School, as well as contemporary approaches such as Studio-Based Learning.

Este artículo explora la desconexión entre las competencias digitales promovidas por el sistema educativo y la naturaleza esencialmente física de la construcción en arquitectura, analizando los retos a los que se enfrentan los estudiantes de primer año de arquitectura, quienes suelen llegar con escasos conocimientos sobre técnicas constructivas. Defendemos que la enseñanza de la construcción debe evolucionar para equilibrar lo digital con lo físico, y en este trabajo se expone una estrategia docente propedéutica para las asignaturas de Construcción I y II del primer curso del Grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura de la ETSAVA, que aboga por complementar las herramientas digitales utilizadas en la parte teórica con experiencias físicas y prácticas donde el alumno toca con sus manos distintos objetos y materiales. Esta praxis se inspira en modelos históricos como la Bauhaus y la Escuela de Chicago, así como en enfoques contemporáneos como el Studio-Based Learning.
Reflexiones desde la Composición Arquitectónica ante la IA: dilemas y retos
Authors: Pinzón-Ayala Daniel
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most significant technological advances of the 21st century, with a capacity for transformation that is already affecting all fields of knowledge. In the field of architecture teaching, the area of Architectural Composition, being the most closely linked to the humanities, faces a future of great uncertainty, as its application affects many of the most disciplinary concepts and methodologies. The idea of historical reference or the very contact with the architecture to be studied acquires more value in a scenario in which the digital takes on a greater role, proposing alternatives that increase with AI. The subjects in this area, and especially those in the first year, acquire greater relevance as they are the starting point for the students' learning processes, which requires the appropriate debates and reflections.

La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) se muestra como uno de los avances tecnológicos más significativos del siglo XXI, con una capacidad de transformación que ya está afectando a todos los campos de conocimiento. En el ámbito de la docencia en Arquitectura, el área de Composición Arquitectónica, por ser la más vinculada a las humanidades, se enfrenta a un futuro de incertidumbre elevado, por cuanto su aplicación afecta a muchos de los conceptos y metodologías más disciplinares. La idea de referencia histórica o el propio contacto con la arquitectura a estudiar adquieren más valor en un escenario en el que lo digital asume un protagonismo creciente, planteando alternativas que se incrementan con la IA. Las asignaturas de esta área y, especialmente, las de primer curso adquieren una mayor relevancia por ser el punto de partida de los procesos de aprendizaje del estudiantado, lo que requiere de los oportunos debates y reflexiones.
Dibujar rápido, dibujar despacio: la dicotomía del aprendizaje de la representación arquitectónica
Authors: de Gispert Hernandez Jordi , Moliner Nuño Sandra , Crespo Cabillo Isabel , Sánchez Riera Albert
Published: November 2024

In contemporary architectural education, graphic representation plays a key role in student education. To translate abstract ideas into coherent visual images is a fundamental skill in architecture. While hand-drawing has been essential for developing this ability, digital tools have challenged traditional methods, changing both the tools and ways of thinking in architecture. Instead of viewing manual and digital techniques as opposites, this paper defends that they should be understood as complementary. Hybridizing these methods, rather than their strict separation, fosters a balanced approach where slow, reflective processes coexist with faster and automatic ones. By integrating both approaches, students develop a deeper spatial understanding and technical competencces. The teaching experience presented here highlights the importance of adapting to the cultural context, marked by immediacy and digital overstimulation, and emphasizes that learning to be an architect means learning to draw, whether by hand or digitally.

En la educación arquitectónica contemporánea, la representación gráfica es clave para formar arquitectos, ya que facilita la traducción de ideas abstractas a imágenes coherentes. Durante años, el dibujo a mano ha sido esencial, pero la llegada de herramientas digitales ha transformado tanto el pensamiento como las técnicas arquitectónicas. Este texto aborda la importancia de hibridar los enfoques manuales y digitales, señalando que el desafío no radica en elegir uno sobre otro, sino en identificar lo mejor de cada uno según el contexto. La enseñanza arquitectónica debe integrar procesos rápidos y lentos, fomentando la reflexión profunda y la inmediatez técnica. A través de un enfoque metodológico híbrido, los estudiantes pueden desarrollar tanto habilidades técnicas como un pensamiento reflexivo. El objetivo es formar arquitectos capaces de tomar decisiones precisas y eficaces, combinando pensamiento rápido y lento, sin sacrificar profundidad ni calidad en su representación.
El gemelo digital en arquitectura: integración de los aspectos ambientales al proceso de proyecto
Authors: Gonzalez Torrado Cristian
Published: November 2024

The document examines the use of Digital Twins in architecture as a key tool for integrating environmental aspects into the design process. Defined as a real-time digital representation of a physical system, the Digital Twin allows for the simulation and prediction of architectural outcomes, facilitating decision-making based on complex data. This technology is particularly useful in architectural education, enabling students to experiment with and adjust designs in a virtual environment, fostering more practical and critical learning. The text highlights that the implementation of Digital Twins not only improves resource efficiency and reduces environmental impact but also transforms architectural education, promoting a more active and collaborative role for both students and educators.

El documento examina el uso de los Gemelos Digitales en arquitectura como una herramienta clave para integrar aspectos ambientales en el proceso de diseño. Definido como una representación digital en tiempo real de un sistema físico, el Gemelo Digital permite simular y prever resultados arquitectónicos, facilitando la toma de decisiones basada en datos complejos. Esta tecnología es especialmente útil en la educación de arquitectos, permitiendo a los estudiantes experimentar y ajustar diseños en un entorno virtual, fomentando un aprendizaje más práctico y crítico. El texto subraya que la implementación de Gemelos Digitales no solo mejora la eficiencia en el uso de recursos y reduce el impacto ambiental, sino que también transforma la educación arquitectónica, promoviendo un rol más activo y colaborativo de los estudiantes y docentes.
Registro físico-digital del territorio: experiencia inmersiva de iniciación arquitectónica
Authors: Galleguillos Negroni Valentina , Mazzarini Watts Piero , Novoa López-Hermida Alberto
Published: November 2024

Some questions that teachers have when planning a field trip: What happens if a student cannot go to that architectural experience? What happens if the planned time was not enough to record, measure, observe what the teachers request from the territory? And finally, hoy to verify that the information recorded in the territory is reliable to bring it to the classroom? A little explored space is observed regarding field trips, new ways of acquiring and verifying information in a more vivid way that allows an approach to the experience of measuring and recording the territory in a more holistic and immersive way. The incorporation of experiences of extended realities offering a complete vision, in terms of registration, route and measurement. Bringing the student´'s distance closer to the territory as many times as necessary to find the requested information, also to verify what has been done on the ground.

Algunas interrogantes que los docentes tenemos al momento de planificar una salida a terreno:¿Qué pasa si algún estudiante no puede ir a esa experiencia arquitectónica? ¿Qué sucede si el tiempo planificado no fue lo suficiente para registrar, medir, observar lo que los profesores solicitan del territorio? Y por último ¿Cómo verificar que la información registrada en el territorio es fiable para llevarla al aula? Se observa un espacio poco explorado sobre las salidas a terreno, nuevas maneras de adquirir, verificar la información de una forma más vivida y que permita un acercamiento a la experiencia de medir y registrar el territorio de una forma más holística e inmersiva. La incorporación de experiencias de realidades extendidas ofreciendo una visión completa, en cuanto al registro, recorrido y medida. Acercando la distancia del estudiante al territorio las veces que sea necesaria para encontrar la información solicitada, también de verificar lo realizado en terreno.
Genealogías [In]verosímiles: un método de aprendizaje colaborativo digital basado en la investigación
Authors: Casino Rubio David , Pizarro Juanas María José , Rueda Jiménez Óscar , Ruiz Bulnes Pilar
Published: November 2024

[UN]THINKABLE GENEALOGIES is a research teaching method applied to postgraduate courses that investigates the search for elective affinities between architectural practices drawn from different times and contexts. The main objective is to produce collaborative research capable of generating shared knowledge and collective intelligence. The group work of students and teachers is carried out following the inverted classroom method of research. This collaborative method is supported by interactive digital tools that make it possible to project past discourses in the present, relating techniques and concepts used by architects and thinkers of the last century with the current architectural practices of the most representative offices of the contemporary panorama.

GENALOGÍAS [IN]VEROSÍMILES es un método docente de investigación aplicado a los cursos de postgrado que indaga en la búsqueda de afinidades electivas entre prácticas arquitectónicas extraídas de tiempos y contextos diferentes. El objetivo principal es producir una investigación colaborativa capaz de generar conocimiento compartido e inteligencia colectiva. El trabajo en grupo de estudiantes y profesores se realiza siguiendo el método del aula invertida de investigación. Este método colaborativo se apoya en herramientas digitales interactivas que permitan proyectar discursos pasados en el presente, relacionando técnicas y conceptos manejados por arquitectos y pensadores del siglo pasado con las prácticas arquitectónicas actuales de las oficinas más representativas del panorama contemporáneo.
Vanguardias receptivas: estrategias híbridas para el desarrollo de aprendizaje de la arquitectura
Authors: Pérez Tembleque Laura , González Izquierdo Jose Manuel , Barahona García Miguel
Published: November 2024

The case study presented consists of the students' proposing work topics to workshops for theoretical application and methods of proposal analysis during classes. The objective of the initiative was to facilitate students' own reflection on current movements in art and architecture, linking the student with his present and future through the knowledge of contemporary avant-garde, as a platform for action. The mixed work with classical projects and contemporary approaches has allowed students to approach architecture as a means of thinking, in which they combine, add and discard items to be able to continue producing, always from the ultimate criterion of the student. The use of various tools allows new ways to be explored, away from those preconceived by both the student or teacher and the discipline itself.

El caso de estudio que se presenta consiste en la proposición de temas de trabajo por parte del alumnado a los talleres de aplicación teórica y métodos de análisis propositivo durante las clases. El objetivo de la iniciativa consistió en facilitar al alumno la reflexión propia sobre los movimientos actuales en el arte y la arquitectura, ligando al estudiantado con su presente y futuro por medio del conocimiento de la vanguardia contemporánea, entendida como plataforma de acción. El trabajo mixto con proyectos clásicos y enfoques contemporáneos ha permitido acercar al alumnado a la arquitectura como medio de pensamiento, en el que se combinan, añaden y descartan ítems para poder seguir produciendo, siempre desde el criterio último del alumno. El uso de herramientas diversas  permiten explorar nuevos caminos lejos de los preconcebidos tanto por el alumno o el profesorado como por la propia disciplina.
De lógicas y dispositivos [con]textuales
Authors: Perez Alvarez María Florencia , Pugni Maria Emilia
Published: November 2024

The proposal attemps to generate a space for reflection on the relationship between language and project in the architecture’s field, enhancing the purpose of operating with the text as a tool to take a position, in an argued and referenced way, and as a project device. As teachers, it is our intention to guide students towards a possible horizon of innovation in their know-how, based on the systematization of knowledge already acquired and the appropriation of new skills wich can be incorporated in a significant way in their project work. A critical reading will reveal the contradictions, through an exercise of translation that allows to discover issues that can reinstrument the capacity to think, the power to act. While an annotated reading will activate the appropriation game, operating on the text until making it your own. Annotations can function as abstract machines, capable of producing new configurations, as transposition devices.

La propuesta procura generar un espacio de reflexión sobre la relación entre lenguaje y proyecto en el campo de la arquitectura, potenciando el propósito de operar con el texto como herramienta para tomar posición, de forma argumentada y referenciada, y como dispositivo proyectual. Como docentes, es nuestra intención orientar a los estudiantes hacia un horizonte posible de innovación en su saber hacer, basado en la sistematización de conocimientos ya adquiridos y la apropiación de nuevas habilidades que se incorporen de manera significativa en su hacer proyectual. Construir el oficio de una lectura crítica revelará las contradicciones, mediante un ejercicio de traducción que permita descubrir cuestiones que puedan reinstrumentar la capacidad de pensar, la potencia para actuar. En paralelo, una lectura anotada activará el juego de apropiación, operar sobre el texto hasta hacerlo propio. Las anotaciones pueden funcionar como máquinas abstractas, capaces de producir nuevas configuraciones, como dispositivos de transposición.