bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional features of vascular hemostasis in piglets of milk and vegetable nutrition
Authors: Tkacheva E S , Medvedev I N
Published: January 2020

The beginning of the intake of plant feed by the piglet is a serious stage in the maturation of its regulatory systems. Under these conditions, vascular hemostasis, which significantly controls the level of blood flow to tissues, is an essential element in maintaining homeostasis of a growing animal organism. Examination of 25 healthy piglets during the phase of milk and vegetable nutrition revealed a gradual decrease in the amount of peroxidation products in their blood due to increased activity of the antioxidant potential of their plasma. Healthy piglets of dairy and plant nutrition are characterized by a low level of endotheliocythemia, combined with an age-related increase in the synthesis of substances with anti-aggregation activity, antithrombin III and tissue plasminogen activators in the vascular wall. Piglets of dairy and plant nutrition are characterized by a weakening of lipid peroxidation in the liquid part of the blood, which in many respects increases the antiaggregation, anticoagulation and fibrinolytic capabilities of the vessel walls. This supports the adequacy of the vascular control of piglets at this age over hemostasis as a whole.
Comparison of Iris L. morphogenesis in in vitro culture with seedling development in some highly specialized plants
Authors: Tikhomirova L , Kravtsova T
Published: January 2020

A sharp change in the course of ontogenesis and transition to another type of nutrition (parasitic nutrition) is supposed to contribute to similarity of the morphogenetic processes in in vitro plants and seedlings of higher parasitic plants. Tracheary elements are formed in the shoots of Iris in in vitro culture as an adaptive response of the plant body to culture conditions. Underdevelopment of the vascular system for transporting nutrients from the agar medium to plant tissues results in the formation of this vascular system in the maternal shoots. Macronutrients and plant hormones are transported to the zones of meristematic activity via the vascular system. Parasitic plants obtain nutrients from their hosts through the newly formed vascular system. The elements of tracheary structures are unique for haustoria and play a vital role not only in deposition and transport of macronutrients, but also in the hydrostatic pressure regulation and protection against pathogens. The vascular system of parasitic plants is disordered similar to that of regenerated plants. This vascular system can be referred to as a distribution network, the structure capable of transforming a set of cells into the cellular transport system, which unites tissues and organs into a single growing organism.
The influence of the variety adaptive potential on the formation of the Siberian selection spring wheat crop in the extreme conditions of Mongolia
Authors: Kozulina N S , Fomina L V , Shmeleva Zh N
Published: January 2020

The diversity of climatic and extreme weather conditions in Mongolia requires the presence of a wide range of varieties in the production that differ in their biological and economic characteristics. The Siberian selectionists created grain crops varieties that are drought-resistant, well adapted to the sharply continental climate, with good baking qualities, capable of forming a crop in extreme conditions. According to the contract between Krasnoyarsk state agrarian university (Russia) and “ShinjeAmzhilt” company (Mongolia), the research on the adaptive capacity and elements of cultivation technology of the Siberian selection wheat was conducted on the land of “ShinjeAmzhilt” company in order to develop recommendations aimed at increasing the productivity of agrocenosis. The objects of the research were the varieties of Siberian selection wheat: Novosibirskaya-15, Novosibirskaya-31, Kantegirskaya-89 and varieties Selenge and Tobolskaya, cultivated in “ShinjeAmzhilt” company. Records and observations of wheat plants were carried out during the vegetation season using generally accepted techniques and existing state standards. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by the method of dispersion and correlation analysis. The obtained results allow to conclude that despite the lack of moisture during the vegetation season, the greatest biological yield was formed by the Siberian variety of selection Novosibirskaya-31, and this data emphasize the adaptive potential of the variety and the ability to resist adverse factors.
Preparation of biotechnological raw materials of Iris sibirica L. with a given content of mangiferin and antiviral activity
Authors: Tikhomirova L I , Ilyicheva T N
Published: January 2020

The raw materials Iris sibirica
L. were obtained by biotechnological methods. The relationship between biomass accumulation and a mangiferin content is peculir to Siberian iris. On a medium with 5.0 μM BA supplemented with auxin, the xanton content in the phytomass sharply decreased with an increase in the total shoot height. To maintain a balance between biomass accumulation and a mangiferin content in I. sibirica, it is recommended to use media with 2.5 μM BA supplemented with auxin. Water and ethanolic extracts of I. sibirica showed a high antriviral activity against herpes simplex virus of type 1.
Innovation as a source of agribusiness development
Authors: Sokolova A P , Litvinenko G N
Published: January 2020

The Innovative development is a key element and the most important condition for the progressive development of organizations of any line of activity and of any scale. Modern global challenges, the emergence of breakthrough technologies, the penetration of digitalization in all spheres of economic activity make us use new mechanisms for doing business, and introduce new technologies and development at an accelerated pace. The increasing penetration rate of new technologies every year in all areas of economic activity creates not only new opportunities for business development, but also leads to new threats. Therefore, the integral introduction of innovations in the field of building a business model, developing, manufacturing and marketing new products, developing production processes becomes an integral condition for the sustainable development of companies and the growth of business competitiveness. In conditions of limited funding at the level of the state economy, it is necessary to highlight those areas of economic activity which can serve as a locomotive of innovative transformations. Their development is the most obvious and less risky. The agricultural sector is one of these areas in the economy of the Russian Federation, since the lag in the level of labor productivity from world leaders is the most significant here. The innovative development of agribusiness requires a focused integrated approach, including solutions in the field of productive interaction between science, the state, and entrepreneurial structures. To a large extent, the success of innovative development is determined by the ability of companies to attract financial resources for the implementation of innovative projects. For smaller companies like the majority of agricultural enterprises, the creation of productive partnerships is a promising direction to solve financial problems. An innovative approach to doing business requires restructuring the operating model of agricultural enterprises to create opportunities for a flexible response to the emergence of new opportunities and threats to business development.
The effect of polyazolidinammonium on the dynamics of the synthesis of pseudotuberculosis antibodies
Authors: Ivashchenko S V , Kuznetsova V S , Savina S V , Skorlyakov V M
Published: January 2020

The use of a 1% solution of polyazolidin-ammonium modified with iodine hydrate ions (PAAG) in combination with disintegrated Yersinia pseudotuberculosis membranes made it possible to obtain hyperimmune serum with a high content of antibodies and species specificity. By the number of antibodies and the growth dynamics of their titers, PAAG was not inferior to Freund’s complete adjuvant. At the sites of injection of PAAG, connective tissue densification of the subcutaneous tissue was not observed.
The problem of choosing a consumer segment in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Antamoshkina O I , Kamenskaya N V , Olentsova J A
Published: January 2020

The problem of forming a products portfolio is directly related to what group of consumers these products are aimed at. In this regard, there is a problem of choosing a clear consumers segment. The article proposes a method of selecting choosing a consumer segment in the agro-industrial complex.
Purification and investigation of physico-chemical properties of β-glucanase
Authors: Yakovlev A N , Yakovleva S F , Agafonov G V , Romanyuk T I , Zueva N V
Published: January 2020

From the complex enzyme preparation Bruzaime BGX, β-glucanase enzyme with a specific activity of 369.5 units/mg of protein and a degree of purification of 57.7 was isolated by ethanol precipitation and purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 and G-150 and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE - cellulose. The influence of temperature and pH on the activity and stability of the enzyme was studied in the temperature range 30–70°C and pH 4.0–7.0. It was found that the optimum effect of β-glucanase corresponds to pH 4.8 and a temperature of 56°C, the enzyme has a sufficiently high thermal and acid stability, hydrolyzes non-starch polysaccharides containing both β- 1,3 and β- 1,4 - glucosidic bonds, which makes its use in biotechnology promising for the hydrolysis of non-starch polysaccharides of grain.
Performance of a generalist predator, Podisus maculiventris (say) (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae) fed with adult grain moth Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) at late nymphal and adult stages
Authors: Kasem Abdelrhman E , Kozlova Ekaterina G , Anisimov Anatoly I
Published: January 2020

The predatory heteropteran bug Podisus maculiventris is the one of the most effective predators of coleopteran and lepidopteran pests. Here we assessed the effects of switching the prey of Galleria mellonella L. with two treatments of Sitotroga cerealella moths at 1st(2days) and 2nd(4days). There were no significant differences in survival between 1st variant of moths when it introduced to the 4th nymph instar and adult’s stages or 2nd variant for adult pairs compared with control. Generally, the grain moth diet had no negative effect on developmental time for both males and females. Adult’s longevity dropped remarkably at the 2nd treatment, at the same time it was similar to control at both treatments with adults. Fecundity data indicated slight differences in both treatments at adult stages. The egg mass production decreased 3.8 fold in 1st treatment at the 4th nymph stage. No significant differences were observed in egg viability in most treatments except 2days grain moths with 4th nymph instar. Although significant differences were found in total eggs’ numbers within treatments, no significant differences were recorded in adult stage for both treatments as compared to control. We can conclude that using Angoumois grain moth adults as alternative factious prey to feed immature stages and adults of predatory solider bugs need more attention in mass rearing technology.
Modeling new vegetable paste and marinade recipes for food processing companies
Authors: Kolman O Ja , Ivanova G V , Yamskikh T N , Nikulina E O , Ivanova A N
Published: January 2020

This paper investigates the possibility of using lingonberry (Vaccínium vítis-idaéa) and cranberry (Oxycóccus) press residues in production of homogenized pastes and marinades with the increased microbiological resistance. The research has resulted in development of the method to produce semi-finished products (pastes) from frozen lingonberry and cranberry press residues. Its practical importance is confirmed by the patents of the Russian Federation No. 2560074. New recipes of homogenized vegetable pastes and marinades with semi-finished products produced from frozen berry residues have been developed. Based on preliminary research carried out, the concentration limits of the recipe components are determined. Yield value and acidity were examined for each component ratio. The experimental data obtained were processed using the statistics and analytics software package STATISTICA 6.0. Linear multi-dimensional models of relationships between the components included in the developed compositions with structural-mechanical index (yield value) and acidity have been created. Physical-chemical and microbiological parameters of the developed homogenized vegetable pastes and marinades were studied. The reference documentation for homogenized vegetable pastes and marinades has been developed. The practical importance of the developed pastes and marinades is confirmed by the patents of the Russian Federation: No. 248323 “Homogenized vegetable paste,” No. 2480029 “Homogenized beet paste,” No. 2476123 “Homogenized vegetable marinade”.
The current situation of the poultry industry and the formation of a strategy for its sustainable development in the region
Authors: Sharopatova A V , Pyzhikova N I , Olentsova J A
Published: January 2020

The article presents the systematization of concepts related to the sustainability of the enterprise. The analysis of the poultry industry of the Krasnoyarsk region and the efficiency of egg production from the main producers of the region is presented. The result of this study is the selecting a strategy for sustainable development of poultry enterprises and the proposal of measures for its implementation, which is applied to the poultry industry as a whole in the region.
Influence of biological drugs on phytosanitary condition of seeds of spring barley
Authors: Toymetov M E , Maryina-Chermnykh O G
Published: January 2020

An important role is played to improve the stability of grain production for the modern protection of plants in the Republic of Mari El. A large number of areas allocated for grain crops are characterized as not favorable phytosanitary conditions, where the shortage of crops can reach 25 percent or more in the republic’s farms. The phytosanitary condition of cereal lands is permissible on the basis of the development of protective measures, optimization and intensification of factors that affect the size of the crop, its further increase and are the determining stage of the phytosanitary monitoring and plant protection system. These results determine the degree of development and spread of pests throughout the growing season. It is difficult for phytosanitary conditions to use non-quality seeds on farms, to reduce the use of plant protection products in processing seeds and crops, to violate the sowing season and to permanently change the population and species diversity, as well as favorable agro-climatic conditions. An essential task to overcome these negative trends is to increase the phytosanitary condition of agricultural lands based on the effective use of plant protection products and systems. The degree of phytosanitary state of crops is determined by the fertility of the soil, that is, the soil must be clean from phytopathogenic microorganisms, pests, weeds and toxic substances that can be released during the decomposition of organic sub-stances and rhizosphere microorganisms of the plant. Therefore, the treatment of seeds before planting with biofungicides positively affects the seed quality of seeds, reducing the development of phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially the pathogenic potential of root rot agents.
Research on waste management technologies in meat clusters
Authors: Kulikova M A , Kolesnikova T A , Gribut E A , Okovitaya K O , Surzhko O A , Zemchenko G N
Published: January 2020

Meat clusters existing in Russia have low investment attractiveness. The authors substantiated the need to include universities in the cluster of research divisions for conducting research and development. The study concerning the efficiency of the meat clusters operation and waste control technologies was carried out. The best available technology for liquid waste processing has been substantiated. The meat clusters include meat processing plants. The authors consider their waste as secondary resources for energy, fertilizers for farmlands and other production. “Athos”, a liquid-phase oxidation technology is proposed to reduce the technogenic pressure on the environment and energy-efficient waste processing. It is not applied in Russia, despite its obvious advantages. The article provides a flow chart of a liquid-phase oxidation unit and elements of the best available technologies obtained while its implementation. The technology of liquid-phase oxidation ensures the autothermal process and is it is recommended for the waste from the food industry processing and processing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex.
Technology of microwave treatment of cameline seeds and its economic efficiency
Authors: Bastron A V , Filimonova N G , Meshcheryakov A V , Mikheeva N B , Ermakova I N
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the paper is a feasibility study on the effective implementation of microwave treatment technology for oilseeds during pre-sowing treatment and oil pressing while improving the quality of vegetable oil, including rapeseed, camelina and mustard oil, and increase in its production. The objectives of the study are calculation of the volume of extra products received, ensured by the application of the proposed technology; defining the oil quality parameters; development of methods for calculating the economic efficiency of the project; adaptation of methods for assessing the economic efficiency of an economic entity to the specifics of processing agricultural enterprises. The paper substantiates the possibility of implementing a project for the processing oilseeds using microwave technology in accordance with the requirements of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and the regulation of the market for agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2013-2020 and the possibility of implementing the project, taking into account the obtaining grants by agricultural processing consumer cooperatives for the development of the material and technical base. The authors determined the effective treatment regime for camelina, rapeseed and mustard seeds during pre-sowing treatment and oil press. The characteristics of the oil, the treatment regime are presented. The expected increase in production provided by the implementation of the developed microwave technology is calculated. A methodology for the economic feasibility of the project is proposed and basic economic indicators are calculated that prove the economic efficiency of the project. Calculations and recommendations can be used by processing enterprises in order to increase economic efficiency by increasing production, as well as increasing productivity due to pre-sowing seed microwave treatment.
Cadastral appraisal of lands: agricultural aspect
Authors: Zhichkin K , Nosov V , Zhichkina L , Zhenzebir V , Sagina O
Published: January 2020

A methodology for information preparation for cadastral valuation of agricultural lands is proposed. The methodology was tested during agricultural lands appraisal in Samara Region. The current results were compared to previous ones. Average variation in the region between maximum and minimum yields in districts is 1.95, given that the maximum variation is 2.58 (Yelkhovsky District) and the minimum is 1.44 (Bogatovsky District). In 6 districts the ranking created based on ‘cadastral appraisal’ indicator does not coincide with rankings based on other indicators. Though in 21 districts both rankings are in line with each other.
Application of a vermicomposter containing biostimulant for pine tapping
Authors: Antonov A , Gorkin A , Pastukhova N , Ivanov G
Published: January 2020

The issues of biotechnological development of economics have become rather topical in recent years. Scientific papers in the field of environmental economics, namely in the field of the forest sector, are of particular interest. The main component of the forest industry bioeconomics development is the increase in the volume of forest resources management. Rubber tapping (tapping) is the main form of natural resource management of pine plantations. During the analysis of the resources, it was found that the development of an alternative biological stimulant of animal origin for tapping is needed to be developed for its further application, and its efficiency of the maximum pine resin yield should be assessed. A 1% aqueous extract of the vermicomposter of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) was used as the main active component of the experimental biostimulant. At the test area, where the studies were conducted, trees involved in tapping procedure included ones, on which the stimulant was tested, and those trees, where ordinary tapping was carried out without the use of the stimulant; the latter ones were considered to be a control group. In the course of studies, it was found that the biostimulant based on the vermicomposter of Black Soldier Fly led to the excess of the resin yield per centimetre of face in comparison with the control group. Also, no negative effect of the biostimulant on the pine forest condition was revealed.
Effect of green manuring on the phytosanitary condition of agrocenosis and the yield of winter rye during the development of fallow land
Authors: Kuzminykh A N , Novoselov S I , Pashkova G I
Published: January 2020

Land resources were and continue to be one of the main natural resources of any state, the rational use of which depends on its food security, political stability and economic independence. The reformation of the Russian agroindustrial complex in the 90-ies of XX century, due to the transition to market relations, led to the fact that significant areas of arable land have been transferred to the country’s deposits. However, now to eliminate the negative phenomena that have arisen in agriculture, it is necessary to involve previously abandoned lands in the circulation, which are often in poor phytosanitary and cultural-technical condition. Researches on studying of influence of a sideration on optimization of a phytosanitary condition of agrocnosis and the yield of winter rye on sod-podzolic soil of the Eastern part of the Volga-Vyatka zone in the development of fallow lands are conducted. The effectiveness of the use of sideration is revealed. By cultivating of a winter rye on a green manure fallow the phytosanitary condition of crops improves and grain yield significantly increases. Accounting of a contamination of winter rye crops showed that the use of sideration promotes weed control. Preliminary sideration of a fallow land and the subsequent cultivation of winter rye on a green manure fallow reduced contamination of a culture agrocnosis at 18.0-20.0% in comparison with the cultivation on occupy fallow and 11.2-12.2 % – on a fallow land. Winter rye cultivated on a green manure fallow, in comparison with the cultivation on occupy fallow, was exposed less to diseases. The development and distribution of snow mold was lower on 20.0% and 6.1%, root rot – 16.7-17.8 and 13.7 to 15.3% respectively, and the development of Helminthosporium and Septoria blotch – 3.5-11.2 and the 38.4-46.2 % and the spread, respectively, 10.8-13.7 and 24.3-30.8 %, depending on the phenological phases of development and growth of winter rye. The grain yield of winter rye in the cultivation on a green manure fallow was 2.72 t/ha, which 830 kg/ha are more than control variant and on 730 kg/ha in comparison with the placement of a fallow land.
Prenatal low-dose effects of pesticides and their long-term effects
Authors: Gerunova L K , Bardina E G , Sechkina I V
Published: January 2020

Due to diffuse distribution in the environment and migration along the food chains, pesticides affect non-target organisms, including during embryonic development. The prenatal period is a “critical window” of development for the body when the basic organs and systems are laid and formed. Even a slight effect on the body of ecotoxicants in this period can lead to developmental defects and further increases the risk of diseases and reproductive dysfunction. The studies examined regarding a low-dose, without visible clinical manifestations in mothers, prenatal exposure to pesticides, imitate the real conditions for the intake of toxicants in small quantities during pregnancy at different stages of embryonic development. The authors found that pesticides are capable of causing metabolic shifts and delayed behavioral changes in the offspring, which are a manifestation of the non-monotonous dose-response reaction associated with the presence of epigenetic mechanisms.
The role of granular organic fertilizers in improving the micromycete composition of the soil
Authors: Apaeva N N , Yamalieva A M , Kudryashova L B , Manishkin S G
Published: January 2020

It is necessary to have microorganisms in the rhizosphere for normal growth and development of higher plants. Fungi play an important role in the functioning of ecosystems. Soil fertility is created in the process of vital activity of plants and microorganisms under certain environmental conditions. The size and quality of the crop of cultivated plants depends on the activity of soil microorganisms. Therefore, in the first place, it is necessary to study in detail its micro population in the search for ways to improve soil fertility. They actively participate in the decomposition of organic residues, the synthesis and mineralization of humus, provide elements of the root nutrition of plants, in the nitrogen cycle, form soil structures, stimulate or inhibit plant growth, the synthesis of enzymes, amino acids and other biologically active compounds. Metabolites of soil fungi can cause soil fatigue. Some representatives of micromycetes are the causative agents of plant diseases. Plants and mikomycetes form certain cenoses, the components of which are closely related to each other by functional connections. The vital activity of soil microorganisms is inseparably linked with the fertility of the soil and the content of organic matter in it. The investigations carried out by us showed that the application of granular organic fertilizers based on bird droppings increases the number of soil microorganisms. Under the influence of fertilizers there are changes in the number and composition of the rhizosphere microflora. The number of antagonist fungi increases in the rhizosphere of spring wheat, the number of pathogens decreases. The number of pathogens was from 0.5 to 2.0 thousand.
Experimental study and quantum-chemical simulation of piroxicam adsorption on the coal sorbent from walnut shells
Authors: Evsina E M , Alikova T V , Zolotareva N V
Published: January 2020

The aim of this work was to study the sorption of piroxicam on the surface of activated carbon obtained by heat treatment from walnut shells. The objects of study are piroxicam (a) and model clusters of the sorbent. The quantitative determination and study of the sorbability of piroxicam is based on photometric recording of spectra at λ 400 nm. The most complete sorption of piroxicam occurs at pH 6,8–7,3, where the maximum difference in the optical density of the solutions was observed before and after sorption, which indicates the formation of a stable state of piroxicam. The results obtained from three series before and after sorption were subjected to statistical processing. The dependences “sorption – equilibrium concentration” presented at various temperatures made it possible to attribute the obtained curves to the Langmuir solution. Based on the obtained thermodynamic indicators, the following conclusions can be made: the reaction proceeds spontaneously, exothermally. Saturation of the surface of activated carbon with a monomolecular layer of piroxicam does not depend much on temperature changes, which is confirmed by close values of thermodynamic parameters at three temperatures. Quantum chemical calculations of the starting materials and model adsorption complexes in the “piroxicam – activated carbon surface” system were performed using the GAMESS US and MOPAC software. As a result of the work done, it was found that activated carbon obtained by heat treatment of walnut shells is a good and quite promising material for concentrating piroxicam and other drugs with the aim of subsequent determination from water and various biological environments.
The use of laminaria in the manufacture of soft cheeses
Authors: Okhotnikov S I , Kabanova T V , Tsaregorodtseva E V , Dolgorukova M V
Published: January 2020

This article presents a reserarch on the use of iodine-containing dietary supplements – kelp in the formulation of soft cheese. The kelp brought in experienced options formula before thermocycling coagulation in the amount of 0.2 % by weight of the formula. In control supplement laminaria has not imposed. All kinds of cheese, both a control, and test samples were manufactured from the same batch of milk as raw material. Technological process of establishing fortified with iodine thermocycling cheese included the following operations: preparation of the milk to thermocycling coagulation; heating; the introduction of the flavoring component and thermocycling coagulation of milk proteins; formation; selfpressing the curd; salting; form of pale malt; cooling; packaging; storage. The results showed that the introduction of kelp powder does not degrade the quality of the cheese but gives it a certain spicy flavour peculiar to seaweed and is a product of functional purpose.
Biotechnological aspects of obtaining coagulation structures for functional foods
Authors: Skripko O V , Kostrykina S A
Published: January 2020

The use of components obtained by the methods of biotechnological transformation of soybeans for the production of innovative products of functional and specialized purpose is an urgent task. Of practical interest is the development and use of technologies that allow the use of traditionally sought-after products, taking into account the principles of safety, functionality and environmental friendliness. The article presents reasonable biotechnological approaches to obtaining coagulation structures containing a complex of valuable nutrients. Biotechnological approaches consist in germinating soybean seeds and coagulating protein substances in soy protein-carbohydrate suspension with special coagulants. The experimental data were processed by methods of mathematical statistics and dependences were obtained to determine the conditions for the formation of coagulation structures - the process of coagulum formation lasts for 2-5 minutes, the coagulation temperature is 72-75 °C, the mass fraction of the introduced coagulant is 30-40% of the mass fraction of soy protein carbohydrate suspension. Compliance with these parameters makes it possible to get coagulates with high organoleptic, physico-chemical and rheological characteristics. The use of the obtained coagulates will allow obtaining foods with a high content of protein, essential amino acids, minerals and vitamins with a functional orientation.
The composition and properties of cow milk of “Siberyachka” breed depending on the method of keeping them
Authors: Kuznetsov A I , Adushinov D S , Minnebaeva S S , Garmaev M L
Published: January 2020

The article presents materials on the composition and properties of milk of cows of breed “Sibiryacnka”, depending on the method of their keeping. With a higher milk yield, cows of a new Siberian breed with tie-up keeping (5504 kg) have a good composition of its main components (fat - 3.74%, protein - 3.27%). Cows with loose keeping (5310 kg) have the highest milk content of dry matter (12.71%), SOMO (9.03%), lactose (4.91%) and casein (2.69%). The level of milk yield does not remain constant, but changes during the lactation period. The highest milk yield in cows of all groups was in the second month of lactation, then gradually decreased in different groups unequally. The research results indicate that during the lactation period, not only the percentage of fat in cow’s milk changes, but also its absolute amount. In the composition of milk fat, changes occur in the morphological state of its fat phase, that is, the number of fat globules increases from the first month of lactation (from 2.1 to 3.5 billion / ml in the first group and from 2.5 to 3.9 billion / ml in the second group) to the last, the diameter changes in the opposite direction.
Some aspects of the legal protection of Lake Baikal at the present stage
Authors: Farafontova Ekaterina L , Shcheblyakov Evgeny S , Grigoriev Alexey V , Suslov Dmitry N , Rakhinsky Dmitry V
Published: January 2020

Lake Baikal is a unique natural complex, an ecosystem, each element of which is inimitable and invaluable. The importance of the natural monument is recognized at the national and international levels. Legal standards have been developed and are in force, establishing a regime for the protection of the ecology of the reservoir and adjacent territories. They regulate the rules of the special regime of economic activity around the lake, the boundaries of the fish protection zone and the features of animal protection, the prohibitions on the chemical and biological pollution of the lake, as well as the prohibition of any type of activity that could damage the “holy see”. The debatable issues of the core provisions of” Baikal Law” have been considered in the article. The contradictions in the zoning of the lands of the Baikal National Park have been identified. The amendments to the standards of maximum permissible impacts on the ecological system of Lake Baikal proposed by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation have been analyzed.
Theory of tax variation calculation
Authors: Nechaev A , Rasputina A
Published: January 2020

The government plays a primary role in developing the national economy. Using management tools, the government can stimulate certain areas of economic activities. Productivity, an increase in fixed production assets, jobs depend on stimulation and management tools used by the government. The article examines mechanisms that encourage businesses to improve qualitative and quantitative parameters of their fixed assets rather than to use their depreciation reserves. The method presented in the article takes into account interests of both the government and the economic entity. This method can help identify an optimal period for the residual value of fixed production assets.
Efficiency of land use in the Russian Federation in the post-reform period: problems and prospects
Authors: Aisner L Yu , Naumov O D , Nedelina M G
Published: January 2020

Human life is shaped by two worlds. The first one is the natural world of plants and animals, the earth, the forest, the air and the water-a world that arose long before the appearance of man. Another world is the world of social institutions, arts and crafts that man creates for his livelihood with the help of tools, knowledge, and purposeful transformation of space-the environment of his habitat. Just a little effort is required to destroy fragile and vulnerable life on the Earth; one just needs to tear the soil off, cut forests down, destroy grass cover, and fill reservoirs with sewage. Nature is so unstable, unpredictable and contradictory that in this situation, people need to make efforts to achieve an understanding of how to strengthen and balance the capricious generosity and subtle mechanisms of interaction between nature as a whole and its integral part – the earth.
Influence of main factors on the quality of can cleaning in an immersion washer
Authors: Mayorov A V , Yunusov G S , Lukina D V , Yanukov N V , Kulalaeva A S
Published: January 2020

Investigations of the influence of main factors on the quality of can cleaning in an immersion washer in the course of canning are quite relevant and very important in the food industry. Hence, a new design of a two-section washer is suggested. Experiments were performed on the washer under discussion. Results of experimental research of the quality of metal can surface cleaning are given. Based on the results of unifactor experiments with two-step washing of can surface, relations were established between the can cleaning quality and wash liquor concentration at different wash liquor temperatures, also relations between the can surface cleaning quality and wash liquor temperature at different liquor concentrations by fixing the washer drive wheel’s rotation velocity. With increase of the washer drive wheel’s rotation velocity at constant wash liquor temperature its concentration at which the cleaning quality compliant with the standard is achieved fells down. At a velocity of 15 min−1, the wash liquor concentration is 3.5 g/l at 85 °C. The same quality of cleaning is achieved at wash liquor concentration equal to 1 g/l and its temperature equal to 85 °C at a velocity of 35 min−1. As the washer drive wheel’s rotation velocity increases at a constant concentration of the wash liquor, the temperature at which the cleaning quality compliant with the standard is achieved fells down. At a velocity of 30 min−1, the minimal temperature is 60 °C at 5 g/l concentration. The same quality of cleaning is achieved at a temperature of 48 °C in case of 5 g/l concentration at a velocity of 35 min−1. The quality of cleaning grows intensively at a concentration of 1 to 3 g/l. If the wash liquor concentration is further increased over 3 g/l, the quality of cleaning improves insignificantly. The optimal temperature providing good-quality cleaning of can surface that would comply with the standard is within 65…85 °C regardless of the washer drive wheel’s rotation velocity.
State support for agribusiness and organization of control over spending
Authors: Parushina N V , Lozovoy M V , Lytneva N A , Shaporova O A , Bobrova E A
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the main directions of state support for agribusiness in the implementation of national projects. The necessity of organizing and implementing internal control over the receipt and spending of budget funds for the development of agribusiness in the form of subsidies and grants is substantiated. Distinctions are made between internal financial control and internal financial audit. The necessity and significance of the development of internal financial audit in the implementation of control powers by the departments of agriculture in the administration of funds allocated to agribusiness has been proved. The assessment of the current state of development of control and audit in government agencies in the field of agriculture. Suggestions were developed to organize an audit in the departments of agriculture for the implementation of programs and projects for the sustainable development of rural areas and support for farmers, cooperators and agricultural production.
Influence of biopolymericmodification of mineral fertilizers on the productivity and quality of winter wheat grain
Authors: Bamatov I M , Rumyantsev E V , Zanilov A Kh
Published: January 2020

Improving the profitability of the crop industry is associated with the introduction of adapted innovative solutions, including in the field of plant nutrition. Existing scientific achievements in the fertilizer system make it possible to achieve a solution to a set of interrelated tasks: increasing the responsiveness of cultivated plants to the fertilizers used, improving agrochemical and agroecological soil parameters and limiting the outstripping growth of costs for the plant nutrition system.
Research of the labor resource redeployment by mathematical methods of optimal management
Authors: Zaitseva I V , Shlaev D V , Poddubnaya N V , Linets G I , Minkina T V , Petrenko V I
Published: January 2020

The problem statement of labor resource redeployment to ensure the sustainability and balance of positive territorial transformations is due to the necessary in order to study the socio-economic factors of the labor resource development in modern economic conditions. The paper presents mathematical models of the labor resource redeployment. In the dynamic model of staff resource redeployment, the speed of redeployment, the dynamics of inter-resource composition and the limitations of the dynamic characteristics of the redeployment process are studied. The model of the territorial labor resource redeployment is a solution to the problem of placing workers with their multi-agent interaction and any finite number of employers on the network with a given set of vacancies for each employee that he wants to receive.
Study of environmental toxicity of the preparation based on humic acids
Authors: Ivannikova R F , Pimenov N V
Published: January 2020

Preparations based on humic acids are widely used in veterinary practice, as they are based on raw materials of natural origin. The environmental toxicity of the drug based on humic substances “Gumi drinking” was assessed by biotesting using test objects of different taxonomic groups. As a result of the research in the acute and subacute experiment on Tetrahymena pyriformis W. LD50=575,1±1,01 mg/ml, in a chronic experiment the maximum inactive dose was 10−1 mg/ml. When assessing the impact of “Gumi drinking” on the germination of seeds of crops such as radishes, oats, cucumbers, the effects of inhibition of development were noted: ET (radish) = 1,35%, ET (cucumber) = 0,13%, ET (oat) = 0,66%. Studies using the test object Eisenia foetida for 14 days found that the survival rate was 100%, reducing the columellar weight did not occur. In the study of embryotoxicity on the eggs of Lymnaea stagnalis L. a dose dependent effect of inhibition of shellfish hatching under the action of solutions in different concentrations was revealed. „Gumi drinking” in single-day guppies at exposure of 96 hours at a concentration of 500 mg/d on the 4th day of the experiment caused the death of 3.4% of fry. The effect of the drug on earthworms Nicodrilus caliginosus and coprophages did not have a negative impact. Thus, “Gumi drinking” can be attributed to non-toxic substances according to the degree of danger to the environment.
The hop sourdough use to improve bread microbiological safety
Authors: Chaplygina I A , Batura N G , Matyushev V V , Tipsina N N , Shmeleva Zh N
Published: January 2020

Marketing research in recent years has shown a steady increase in consumer interest in yeast-free baked goods. The so-called “monastery”, “village” sourdough causes undoubted interest in this regard. Technology of obtaining sourdough on hop cones has recently occupied a special place in the baking development. An important social task of the baking industry is to provide the population with safe products of high quality. Hops contain a large number of macro and microelements, vitamins, nitrogenous substances. The resins, polyphenols, essential oils contained in hops have no substitutes in composition and properties and affect the microflora activity of bakery semi-finished products. Research on introduction of various dosages of hop sourdough and the influence on the wheat bread quality is carried out. The technology of bread production from the 2nd sort wheat flour on hop sourdough is developed. The structural and mechanical properties of bread with the introduction of hop sourdough are determined. Comparative analysis of bread samples indicates to the fact that bread cooked on sourdough has the same organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters with bread cooked on compressed yeast. Studies on the influence of hop sourdough on the resistance of finished products to the development of pathogenic microflora: the causative agent of “potato disease” and mould caused by Aspergillus and Penicillium fungi are conducted. Signs of bread disease in the control sample were found in 16 hours, in bread on the basis of hop sourdough in 24 hours of storage. The analysis of microbiological stability of samples confirmed expediency of the hop sourdough use in order to increase bread microbiological safety.
Sulfur-containing fertilizers influence on sulfur balance at potato cultivation
Authors: Novoselov S I , Ivanova A V
Published: January 2020

The results of studies on the sulfur fertilizer effect on sulfur balance in potato cultivation in the conditions of sod-podzolic soils of the Eastern Nonchernozem belt have been introduced. The microfield experiment was laid in 2013 at the agrobiostation station of Mari State University. It was established that elemental sulfur at a dose of 30 kg/ha increased tuber productivity from 277.0 dt/ha to 291.0 dt/ha on average over three years of research. Tuber productivity has increased with sulfur dose increasing up to 60 and 90 kg/ha and amounted respectively 321.0 dt/ha and 304.0 dt/ha. Sulfur application in the form of ammonium sulfate in similar doses increased the potato tubers productivity to 318.0, 341.0 and 315.0 dt/ha, respectively. Sulfur-containing fertilizers application increased the sulfur amount in potato tubers from 0.12% to 0.15%, and in the tops from 0.15% to 0.19%. Sulfur-containing fertilizers have been applied, crops sulfur removal increased for the main and co-products. The largest tubers and potato tops sulfur removal of 18.2 and 18.0 kg/ha was marked when sulfur was introduced in the form of elemental sulfur and ammonium sulfate at a dose of 60 kg/ha. Potato cultivation without sulfur-containing fertilizers led to a negative balance of sulfur and reduced its reserves in the soil. Elemental sulfur introduction at a dose of 30 kg/ha provided a positive sulfur balance, which amounted to 5.1 kg/ha. Sulfur introduction at a dose of 60 kg/ha provided balance of 16.1 kg/ha, and at a dose of 90 kg/ha it has increased to 34.8 kg/ha. Sulfur introduction in similar doses in the form of ammonium sulfate formed a positive sulfur balance, which amounted to 2.8, 16.3 and 32.3 kg/ha, respectively.
Study of value chains for selected foods in the Siberian Federal District
Authors: Parshukov D V , Shaporova Z E , Pyzhikova N I , Filimonova N G
Published: January 2020

The article presents the results of studies of value chains for certain types of food. The Siberian Federal District was selected as the study region. The study is important to identify intercompany relations between economic agents of the food market. To obtain the results, statistical-economic and computational-constructive methods of studying the structure of income and costs in the value chains of products, as well as a graphical interpretation of information are used. The authors determined that agricultural organizations create the highest value of intermediate consumption in the production and sale of products, but only in the value chains of milk and pork have the largest share of total profit. It was also established that the state receives the most taxes from the production and sale of one kilogram of beef. The role of intermediaries in the chains under consideration is insignificant, but retail chains have the strongest positions.
Institute of import substitution in the agro-industrial complex of modern Russia (theoretical and legal approach)
Authors: Fastovich G G , Kapsargina S A
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the implementation of the policy of import substitution as one of the alternative forms of influence of state policy on international sanctions against the Russian Federation. The authors come to the conclusion that an effective state policy in the field of agro-industrial complex is possible only with the functioning and implementation of import substitution policy. Modernization of the agro-industrial complex will allow the Russian Federation to improve the national policy in the field of agriculture, as well as to strengthen the spheres of influence in the international arena in the field of agro-industrial cluster.