bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IGF2BP2 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Clinical Characteristics and Development of Oral Cancer
Authors: Chou Chia-Hsuan , Chang Chien-Yuan , Lu Hsueh-Ju , Hsin Min-Chien , Chen Mu-Kuan , Huang Hsien-Cheng , Yeh Chia-Ming , Lin Chiao-Wen , Yang Shun-Fa
Published: August 2020

Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) is associated with insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and tumorigenesis. However, the association between the IGF2BP2 polymorphism and oral cancer risk remains unclear. We recruited 1349 male patients with oral cancer and 1198 cancer-free controls. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms IGF2BP2 rs11705701, rs4402960, and rs1470579 were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results indicate that the male patients with oral cancer and with the rs11705701 GA+AA, rs4402960 GT+TT, and rs1470579 AC+CC genotypes had increased risk of advanced clinical stage, larger tumor, and progression of lymph node metastasis compared with those with wild-type IGF2BP2. Moreover, according to The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, high expression of the IGF2BP2 gene is associated with poor survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, our results suggest that IGF2BP2 polymorphisms are associated with less favorable oral cancer clinical characteristics.
The CBL–CIPK Pathway in Plant Response to Stress Signals
Authors: Ma Xiao , Li Quan-Hui , Yu Ya-Nan , Qiao Yi-Ming , Haq Saeed ul , Gong Zhen-Hui
Published: August 2020

Plants need to cope with multitudes of stimuli throughout their lifecycles in their complex environments. Calcium acts as a ubiquitous secondary messenger in response to numerous stresses and developmental processes in plants. The major Ca2+ sensors, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), interact with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) to form a CBL–CIPK signaling network, which functions as a key component in the regulation of multiple stimuli or signals in plants. In this review, we describe the conserved structure of CBLs and CIPKs, characterize the features of classification and localization, draw conclusions about the currently known mechanisms, with a focus on novel findings in response to multiple stresses, and summarize the physiological functions of the CBL–CIPK network. Moreover, based on the gradually clarified mechanisms of the CBL–CIPK complex, we discuss the present limitations and potential prospects for future research. These aspects may provide a deeper understanding and functional characterization of the CBL–CIPK pathway and other signaling pathways under different stresses, which could promote crop yield improvement via biotechnological intervention.
Changes in Novel AKI Biomarkers after Exercise. A Systematic Review
Authors: Wołyniec Wojciech , Ratkowski Wojciech , Renke Joanna , Renke Marcin
Published: August 2020

More than 100 substances have been identified as biomarkers of acute kidney injury. These markers can help to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI) in its early phase, when the creatinine level is not increased. The two markers most frequently studied in plasma and serum are cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). The former is a marker of kidney function and the latter is a marker of kidney damage. Some other promising serum markers, such as osteopontin and netrin-1, have also been proposed and studied. The list of promising urinary markers is much longer and includes cystatin C, NGAL, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), liver-type fatty-acid-binding protein (L-FABP), interleukin 18, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) and many others. Although these markers are increased in urine for no longer than a few hours after nephrotoxic agent action, they are not widely used in clinical practice. Only combined IGFBP-7/TIMP-2 measurement was approved in some countries as a marker of AKI. Several studies have shown that the levels of urinary AKI biomarkers are increased after physical exercise. This systematic review focuses on studies concerning changes in new AKI biomarkers in healthy adults after single exercise. Twenty-seven papers were identified and analyzed in this review. The interpretation of results from different studies was difficult because of the variety of study groups, designs and methodology. The most convincing data concern cystatin C. There is evidence that cystatin C is a better indicator of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in athletes after exercise than creatinine and also at rest in athletes with a lean mass lower or higher than average. Serum and plasma NGAL are increased after prolonged exercise, but the level also depends on inflammation and hypoxia; therefore, it seems that in physical exercise, it is too sensitive for AKI diagnosis. It may, however, help to diagnose subclinical kidney injury, e.g., in rhabdomyolysis. Urinary biomarkers are increased after many types of exercise. Increases in NGAL, KIM-1, cystatin-C, L-FABP and interleukin 18 are common, but the levels of most urinary AKI biomarkers decrease rapidly after exercise. The importance of this short-term increase in AKI biomarkers after exercise is doubtful. It is not clear if it is a sign of mild kidney injury or physiological metabolic adaptation to exercise.
“Time”-Covariant Schrödinger Equation and the Canonical Quantization of the Reissner–Nordström Black Hole
Authors: Pailas Theodoros
Published: August 2020

A “time”-covariant Schrödinger equation is defined for the minisuperspace model of the Reissner–Nordström (RN) black hole, as a “hybrid” between the “intrinsic time” Schrödinger and Wheeler–DeWitt (WDW) equations. To do so, a reduced, regular, and “time(r)”-dependent Hamiltonian density was constructed, without “breaking” the re-parametrization covariance r→f(r˜). As a result, the evolution of states with respect to the parameter r and the probabilistic interpretation of the resulting quantum description is possible, while quantum schemes for different gauge choices are equivalent by construction. The solutions are found for Dirac’s delta and Gaussian initial states. A geometrical interpretation of the wavefunctions is presented via Bohm analysis. Alongside this, a criterion is presented to adjudicate which, between two singular spacetimes, is “more” or “less” singular. Two ways to adjudicate the existence of singularities are compared (vanishing of the probability density at the classical singularity and semi-classical spacetime singularity). Finally, an equivalence of the reduced equations with those of a 3D electromagnetic pp-wave spacetime is revealed.
Deep Learning-Based Feature Silencing for Accurate Concrete Crack Detection
Authors: Billah Umme Hafsa , La Hung Manh , Tavakkoli Alireza
Published: August 2020

An autonomous concrete crack inspection system is necessary for preventing hazardous incidents arising from deteriorated concrete surfaces. In this paper, we present a concrete crack detection framework to aid the process of automated inspection. The proposed approach employs a deep convolutional neural network architecture for crack segmentation, while addressing the effect of gradient vanishing problem. A feature silencing module is incorporated in the proposed framework, capable of eliminating non-discriminative feature maps from the network to improve performance. Experimental results support the benefit of incorporating feature silencing within a convolutional neural network architecture for improving the network’s robustness, sensitivity, and specificity. An added benefit of the proposed architecture is its ability to accommodate for the trade-off between specificity (positive class detection accuracy) and sensitivity (negative class detection accuracy) with respect to the target application. Furthermore, the proposed framework achieves a high precision rate and processing time than the state-of-the-art crack detection architectures.
Automatic Detection Method for Cancer Cell Nucleus Image Based on Deep-Learning Analysis and Color Layer Signature Analysis Algorithm
Authors: Su Hsing-Hao , Pan Hung-Wei , Lu Chuan-Pin , Chuang Jyun-Jie , Yang Tsan
Published: August 2020

Exploring strategies to treat cancer has always been an aim of medical researchers. One of the available strategies is to use targeted therapy drugs to make the chromosomes in cancer cells unstable such that cell death can be induced, and the elimination of highly proliferative cancer cells can be achieved. Studies have reported that the mitotic defects and micronuclei in cancer cells can be used as biomarkers to evaluate the instability of the chromosomes. Researchers use these two biomarkers to assess the effects of drugs on eliminating cancer cells. However, manual work is required to count the number of cells exhibiting mitotic defects and micronuclei either directly from the viewing window of a microscope or from an image, which is tedious and creates errors. Therefore, this study aims to detect cells with mitotic defects and micronuclei by applying an approach that can automatically count the targets. This approach integrates the application of a convolutional neural network for normal cell identification and the proposed color layer signature analysis (CLSA) to spot cells with mitotic defects and micronuclei. This approach provides a method for researchers to detect colon cancer cells in an accurate and time-efficient manner, thereby decreasing errors and the processing time. The following sections will illustrate the methodology and workflow design of this study, as well as explain the practicality of the experimental comparisons and the results that were used to validate the practicality of this algorithm.
Dimensionality Reduction of Hyperspectral Images Based on Improved Spatial–Spectral Weight Manifold Embedding
Authors: Liu Hong , Xia Kewen , Li Tiejun , Ma Jie , Owoola Eunice
Published: August 2020

Due to the spectral complexity and high dimensionality of hyperspectral images (HSIs), the processing of HSIs is susceptible to the curse of dimensionality. In addition, the classification results of ground truth are not ideal. To overcome the problem of the curse of dimensionality and improve classification accuracy, an improved spatial–spectral weight manifold embedding (ISS-WME) algorithm, which is based on hyperspectral data with their own manifold structure and local neighbors, is proposed in this study. The manifold structure was constructed using the structural weight matrix and the distance weight matrix. The structural weight matrix was composed of within-class and between-class coefficient representation matrices. These matrices were obtained by using the collaborative representation method. Furthermore, the distance weight matrix integrated the spatial and spectral information of HSIs. The ISS-WME algorithm describes the whole structure of the data by the weight matrix constructed by combining the within-class and between-class matrices and the spatial–spectral information of HSIs, and the nearest neighbor samples of the data are retained without changing when embedding to the low-dimensional space. To verify the classification effect of the ISS-WME algorithm, three classical data sets, namely Indian Pines, Pavia University, and Salinas scene, were subjected to experiments for this paper. Six methods of dimensionality reduction (DR) were used for comparison experiments using different classifiers such as k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM). The experimental results show that the ISS-WME algorithm can represent the HSI structure better than other methods, and effectively improves the classification accuracy of HSIs.
Trypanosoma cruzi Genome 15 Years Later: What Has Been Accomplished?
Authors: Ramirez Jose Luis
Published: August 2020

On 15 July 2020 was the 15th anniversary of the Science Magazine issue that reported three trypanosomatid genomes, namely Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei, and Trypanosoma cruzi. That publication was a milestone for the research community working with trypanosomatids, even more so, when considering that the first draft of the human genome was published only four years earlier after 15 years of research. Although nowadays, genome sequencing has become commonplace, the work done by researchers before that publication represented a huge challenge and a good example of international cooperation. Research in neglected diseases often faces obstacles, not only because of the unique characteristics of each biological model but also due to the lower funds the research projects receive. In the case of Trypanosoma cruzi the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, the first genome draft published in 2005 was not complete, and even after the implementation of more advanced sequencing strategies, to this date no final chromosomal map is available. However, the first genome draft enabled researchers to pick genes a la carte, produce proteins in vitro for immunological studies, and predict drug targets for the treatment of the disease or to be used in PCR diagnostic protocols. Besides, the analysis of the T. cruzi genome is revealing unique features about its organization and dynamics. In this work, I briefly summarize the actions of Latin American researchers that contributed to the first publication of the T. cruzi genome and discuss some features of the genome that may help to understand the parasite’s robustness and adaptive capabilities.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Tropical Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) using Single Nucleotide Polymorphic Markers
Authors: Obua Tonny , Sserumaga Julius P. , Opiyo Stephen O. , Tukamuhabwa Phinehas , Odong Thomas L. , Mutuku Josiah , Yao Nasser
Published: August 2020

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is among the most important crops worldwide due to its numerous uses in feed, food, biofuel, and significant atmospheric nitrogen fixation capability. To understand the genetic diversity and population structure of tropical soybean germplasm, 89 genotypes from diverse sources were analyzed using 7,962 SNP markers. The AMOVA results showed low diversity among and high within the populations, while the polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.27. Both phylogenetic and principal component analysis grouped the 89 soybean genotypes into three major clusters, while population structure grouped the soybean genotypes into two subpopulations. On the other, the average Roger genetic distances within the study population was 0.34.The low diversity reported in the studied soybean germplasm pool is particularly worrying, considering the new trends of climate change and the emergence of new pests and diseases of soybean. Therefore, in order to address these challenges and develop soybean varieties with desirable traits, there is a need to broaden the genetic base of tropical soybean through the importation of germplasm from other countries.
Evaluation of MCAS System
Authors: Makó Sebastián , Pilát Marek , Šváb Patrik , Kozuba Jaroslaw , Čičváková Miroslava
Published: August 2020

The aim of the article is to analyze the functionality of the Boeing MCAS system. MCAS is identified as the main culprit of two air accidents that impacted Boeing and grounded Boeing 737 MAX aircraft. Many findings indicate that the above type of aircraft was released into service with many errors that had an impact on aircraft control, and it is clear that Boeing knew about these errors and specifically kept them secret. Boeing kept the errors from affecting the production of the 737 MAX and at the same time losing competition against Airbus. Investigations and certification of this type are not completed even one year after their grounding and this process will have a long-term impact on the entire aviation industry.
Estimation of Supply and Demand Elasticities for Major Crops Produced in Pakistan
Authors: Rani Saima , Vanzetti David , Petersen Elizabeth , Qasim Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Thisarticlestudiesthe supply and demand of major Pakistani crops. We estimatesupply elasticities usinga Nerlovian partialadjustment processanddemand elasticities usingthe Deaton and MuellbauerAlmost Ideal Demand Systems (AIDS). We usesecondary data from various Household IntegratedEconomicSurveysand Agricultural Statistics of Pakistan. Our estimated supplyelasticities with respect to price liebetween 0.1 and 0.5 for all crops. Pulses tend to have higher elasticities than traditional crops such as wheat and rice. Demand elasticities with respect to price tend to beinelastic, with the exception of poultry andfruit which appearto be luxury items. Pulses are income inelastic, implying that consumption may not rise significantly asper capita incomesand thatthe introduction of yield enhancing varietieswill lead to lower prices.
Editorial
Authors: Rojas-Méndez José I.
Published: August 2020

En este editorial, deseo presentar a los lectores una reflexión de lo que considero los cinco rasgos más importantes de la personalidad que un buen investigador debe tener, para que sus artículos sean publicados en revistas académicas de alto impacto. Tales rasgos son paciencia, perseverancia, humildad, honestidad, y resiliencia, a los que he agrupado en el acrónimo PPHHR.
SME Internationalization: A Descriptive Review of Nontraditional Approaches
Authors: Munim Adil , Rod Michel , El Banna Alia
Published: August 2020

The literature surrounding SME internationalization is still in its infancy but growing rapidly as SMEs become prominent in global markets. This paper outlines that, although stage theories of internationalization have dominated the literature in the past, newer theories deviate from this line of thinking. Notably, theories originating from the field of entrepreneurship, such as effectuation and bricolage, have been found to be quite informative in explaining the behaviour of SMEs, yet they are greatly underrepresented in the internationalization literature. Our study critically reviews the SME internationalization literature and highlights concepts such as resource scavenging, social capital, muddling through, and dynamic experimental internationalization – all reflective of a nontraditional pattern of thinking. These approaches explain the spontaneity and improvisation that is inherent in a lot of SME internationalization. We find that ‘nontraditional’ approaches to internationalization hold great value for both academics and professionals. Our findings reveal that many of the nontraditional approaches are still within the early stages of development, and thus require greater theoretical and empirical analysis. This study forms a foundational basis upon which future researchers can build a stronger understanding of nontraditional SME internationalization. For SMEs contemplating internationalizing, this study provides key insights into the complex process of engaging with foreign markets. Nontraditional approaches introduce strategies that SMEs can employ in both foreign market selection and foreign market entry processes.
Measuring Innovation Culture: A Synthesis of the Innovation Culture Construct and Identification of its Research Clusters
Authors: Garza Ricardo , Lopez Alberto
Published: August 2020

We provide an integrative review of the previous research that has measured the innovation culture construct. Our data reveal that the construct has been composed of 28 different dimensions in previous research. Furthermore, these dimensions can be graphed along two axes: presence of the dimension in the literature and importance of the dimension within every single research project in which it appears. This analysis shows that the dimensions can be integrated into a four-quadrant matrix: 1) core dimensions: those high in both importance and presence; 2) niche dimensions: those high in importance but relatively low in presence; 3) minor dimensions: those low in both importance and presence; and 4) generic dimensions: those low in importance but high in presence in the literature. Moreover, by conducting a multiple correspondence analysis along with cluster analysis, we can provide a detailed structure of the construct by revealing that scholars have measured innovation culture in seven fundamental different ways, through 1) employee characteristics, 2) external orientation and strategy, 3) internal communication, 4) collaboration, 5) willingness to change, 6) technology employed, and 7) adoption of new ideas. We finally provide a discussion section and suggest areas that have the greatest potential for future exploration in measuring the innovation culture construct.
O Direito ao Esporte e Lazer
Authors: Flausino Michelle da Silva , Mascarenhas Fernando
Published: August 2020

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar os discursos que afirmam o esporte e o lazer como direitos sociais, com ênfase nos significados inerentes à sua difusão. Organiza-se a partir de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental, na qual foram utilizados os documentos oriundos da I e II Conferência Nacional do Esporte, reportagens do jornal Folha de S. Paulo e a produção teórico-científica do grupo de trabalho temático de políticas públicas do Colégio Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte. Conclui que o discurso oficial é marcado por um excessivo processo de mistificação que atribui a tais direitos sociais um caráter instrumental-utilitário, sendo este discurso legitimado e reforçado pela mídia. No entanto, o debate acadêmico trabalha no sentido de problematizar a mistificação desses discursos, produzindo uma abordagem crítica sobre o tema.
Providing Security in Multiserver Authentication Scheme using Efficient Three Factor Encryption
Authors:   Computer Science & Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India., Masroor Mohammad Majid , Mishra Kushagra ,   Computer Science & Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India., Sasikala E ,   Computer Science & Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
Published: August 2020

For last couple of months, Using Two Factor Authentication was not so secure to protect the data inheriting from Multiserver Authentication. Providing Three Factor Authentication helped a lot in these fields to enhance the security while decrypting the encrypted files but failed in many aspects as there were no Multiserver Authentication was used. Here, the approach is used to provide security in Multiserver Platform Using Three Factor Encryption efficiently so as to remove 99.9% chances of failure in security from decryption of the files without going through Three Factor Security present at different Servers to verify at same time and providing permission to access. For the duration between Feb. 2019 and Jan 2020, There were millions of cases reporting loss of data even having two factor authentication, It happens in a way to get through the first factor on first server taking approval, and the packet can be dropped in-between to use that authentication to get through the second factor on second server to access the data. With the improvement of spread choosing development to the degree unfaltering quality and point of confinement and boundless affiliation have been set as parameters to improve. So, we have implemented these changes in our model to reduce the complexity by this effect providing more security using different layers and format to keep the file secure and going through 3-layer security and authentication before getting access.
An Inventory Model based on Imperfect Production with Shortage Backorder
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, D.N. College, Meerut, India., Harit Anjali , Sharma Anurag ,   Department of Mathematics, D.N. College, Meerut, India., Singh S. R. ,   department of mathematics, C. C. S. University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we discussed about the imperfect items. In practice items may get damaged due to production or transportation conditions. Each lot receives some imperfect items. This model also considers the effects of business strategies such as optimal order size of raw materials, production rates and unit production costs, and idle time in different areas on the cooperation of marketing systems. The model can be used in industries such as textiles and footwear, chemicals, food. We develop an inventory model based on imperfect products and shortages. We consider demand is constant and continuous. Purpose of this study is not only to find the retailer`s optimal replenishment policies but also to minimize the total average cost. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the proposed model and sensitivity analysis of the optimal solution concerning parameters is carried out using the Mathematica 10.0 software.
A Novel Interpolation Perspective for Handwritten Digit Recognition using Neural Network
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, West Bengal, India., Maity Sayandeep , Mal Suman Kumar ,   Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, West Bengal, India.
Published: August 2020

In this work, we present an innovative technique for manually written character recognition that is disconnected, using deep neural networks. Since of the accessibility of enormous knowledge calculation and numerous algorithmic advances that are emerging, it has become easier in this day and age to train deep neural systems. And seeks to classify the numerical digits so that digits can be translated into pixels. Today, the computing force measure required to prepare a neural system has increased owing to the proliferation of GPUs and other cloud-based administrations like Google and Amazon offer tools to prepare a cloud-based neural system. We also developed a system for the recognition of character dependent on manually written image division. This project uses libraries such as NumPy, pandas, sklearn, seaborn to accomplish this either by linear and non-linear algorithm, to know its precision on confusion matrix and accuracy. This idea spins with RBF(radial basis function) which consists of two parameters as C and Gamma and classifying the pixel digits. To train those models, research work includes Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Dynamic Neural Network(DNN), Recurrent Neural Network(RNN), and TensorFlow algorithms using Keras , which can be accurately used for the classification of the digits.
IoT-Based Air Quality and Sound Intensity Monitoring System using Raspberry Pi
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore, India., M B Nanda , K Madhura ,   Student, Department of CSE, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore, India., K Chathurya ,   Student, Department of CSE, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore, India., Tripathi Laxmi ,   Student, Department of CSE, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bangalore, India.
Published: August 2020

In day to day life, the increase in Air and Sound pollution has become a distressing problem. It has now become a vital issue that is to be considered. To overcome this problem, an IoT based system to monitor the pollution levels constantly has been proposed. Nowadays Internet of things (IoT) is one of the most widely used and researched technology to monitor the environmental changes. It gives an innovative approach where various devices can be connected together with the use of the internet. By interconnecting different objects located at different locations, we can collectively analyze the data at a single place. This feature is useful in data analytics. Raspberry Pi mini-computer is used to collect different data from different sensors and this data is monitored. In our proposed system we are using four different modules namely Air Quality Monitoring System, Sound Intensity Monitoring System, Cloud based Monitoring System, Notification system. These modules are integrated together to monitor the environmental changes. This system can be implemented in remote areas where the bulky equipment cannot be placed. Industrial areas where the pollution levels are high can be constantly monitored and precautionary measures can be implemented if the pollution is more.
Gesture Recognition using CNN and RNN
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India., J Rajalakshmi , Kumar Dr. P. ,   Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India.
Published: August 2020

Gesture Recognition is a major area in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). HCI allows computers to capture and interpret human gestures as commands. A real-time Hand Gesture Recognition System is implemented and is used for operating electronic appliances. This system is implemented using the deep learning models such as the Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The combined model will effectively recognize both static and dynamic hand gestures. Also the model accuracy while using VGG16 pre-trained CNN model is investigated.
“ҲАЙРАТ УЛ-АБРОР” ДОСТОНИДА БАДИУЗЗАМОН МИРЗО ВАСФИ
Authors: DEKHKONOV Akramjon
Published: August 2020

Ушбу мақолада Алишер Навоий “Ҳайрат ул-аброр” достонининг йигирманчи мақолатидан ўрин олган темурий шаҳзода Бадиуззамон мирзога қилган ўгит-насиҳатлари хусусида сўз юритилади. Шунингдек, “Хамса” достонларидаги Музаффар мирзо, Шоҳғариб мирзо, Султон Увайс Баҳодир каби ёш темурий шаҳзодаларга бағишланган бобларнинг умумий мазмун-мундарижасига ҳам тўхталиб ўтилади. Бадиуззамон мирзонинг отаси Хуросон ҳукмдори Султон Ҳусайн Бойқаро билан муносабати, бу муносабатларнинг Алишер Навоий ижодий меросида акс этиши, буюк шоирнинг ота ва фарзанд ўртасидаги кескинликни юмшатиш борасида саъй-ҳаракатлари ҳамда ушбу ҳодисаларнинг шоир ижодида қай даражада ўз ифодасини топганлиги таҳлил қилинган. “Ҳайрат ул-аброр” достонининг Бадиуззамонга бағишланган бобидаги Навоийнинг насиҳатлари шаҳзода учун программ характердаги ғоят аҳамиятли фикрлар эканлиги таъкидланган. Алишер Навоийнинг Султон Ҳусайн Бойқаро давлатининг равнақи йўлидаги саъй-ҳаракатлари, жонкуярлиги достонлари ва насрий асарларида қай тарзда ўз ифодасини топганлиги хусусидаги мулоҳазалар ҳам билдирилган. Навоийнинг Бадиуззамонга насиҳатида хавотир билан айтган гаплари чорак асрдан кейин рўй берганлиги таъкидланган.
ЖАДИД АДИБЛАРИНИНГ ЎЗБЕК ЛУҒАТЧИЛИГИ АНЪАНАЛАРИ РИВОЖИДАГИ ЎРНИ
Authors: NURMAMATOV Sultonbek
Published: August 2020

Мақолада дастлаб XIX асрнинг охири XX бошларидаги ўзбек лексикографиясининг умумий ҳолатига тавсиф берилган. Давр луғатчилиги шаклланишидаги ижтимоий эҳтиёж, давр луғатчилиги манбалари, бир тилли ва кўп тилли таржима луғатларининг такомиллашув жараёни, дастлабки терминологик ва ўқув луғатларининг юзага келиши каби масалалар таҳлил қилинган. Бу даврда ижод қилган жадид адибларининг луғатчилик соҳасидаги фаолиятларини тадқиқ қилиш орқали уларнинг ўзбек луғатчилигининг шаклланиши ва ривожланишидаги хизматларига илмий баҳо берилган. Бунда Абдулла Қодирий, Абдурауф Фитрат, Ашурали Зоҳирий, Элбек, Исҳоқхон Ибрат, Назир Тўрақулов каби жадид маърифатпарварлари яратган филологик луғатларнинг юзага келишидаги социолингвистик шароит ўрганилган. Яратилган луғатларнинг тузилиш тамойиллари, сўзлик танлашдаги ўзига хосликлар, улардаги эксклюзив ва умумий жиҳатлар очиб берилган. Шунингдек, мазкур даврда яратилган луғатлар тузилиш мақсадлари нуқтаи назаридан тасниф қилинган, луғатлар сўзлиги манбалари аниқланган ва уларнинг ҳозирги ўзбек лексикографияси ривожидаги аҳамияти кўрсатилган. Пухта қиёсий таҳлиллар натижасида замонавий ўзбек замонавий лексикографиясининг асослари айнан жадид маърифатпарварлари томонидан яратилганлиги ҳамда уларнинг туркий (ўзбек) луғатчиликка замонавий лексикографик тамойилларни олиб кирганлигига оид илмий асосланган хулосалар илгари сурилган.
STUDY THE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CO- RELATIONSHIP OF SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE AND SERUM CALCIUM LEVEL IN RADIOLOGICALLY DIAGNOSED OSTEOLYTIC LESIONS OF MANDIBLE AND MAXILLA
Authors: Mishra Bibhu Prasad , Thapliyal G.K. , Sharma Ashish , Bhutani Himanshu
Published: August 2020

Context: Hypercalcemia has been reported upto 4.2% to 25% of patients who have malignancy related to head and neck cancer. In Health and Diseases, alkaline phosphatase refers to the activity of serum liver and bone alkaline phosphatases that has been widely applied in routine diagnosis
Aim- The aim of this study is to find an association of serum level of Akaline Phosphatse and Calcium in Osteolytic Lesions of Mandible and Maxilla. To compare and evaluate the level of Serum Calcium and Serum Alkaline Phosphatase in Osteolytic Lesions of Maxilla and Mandible. Settings and Design:Atotal of 20 participants (10 benign patients and 10 malignant lesions) were included in the study. Materials and Methods: Fasting blood ALP activity was evaluated using ALP assessment kit and biochemistry analyzer. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software (SPSS Statistics software).
TICAD: The Context of Japan’s Development Aids to Africa
Authors: Omobowale Ayokunle Olumuyiwa
Published: August 2020

Most of the discourse on development aid in Africa has been limited to assistance from Western countries and those provided by competing capitalist and socialist blocs during the Cold war era. Japan, a nation with great economic and military capabilities; its development assistance for Africa is encapsulated in the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) initiative. The TICAD started in 1993 and Japan has so far held 5 TICAD meetings between 1993 and 2013 during which Africa’s development challenges and Japan’s development assistance to the continent were discussed. The emphasis on “ownership”, “self-help” and “partnership” are major peculiar characteristics of Japan’s development aid that puts the design, implementation and control of development projects under the control of recipient countries. This is a major departure from the usual practice in international development assistance where recipient countries are bound by clauses that somewhat puts the control of development aid in the hands of the granting countries. Such binding clauses have often been described as inimical to the successful administration of the aids and development in recipient countries. Though Japan’s development aid to Africa started only in 1993, by the 2000s, Japan was the topmost donor to Africa. This paper examines the context of Japan’s development aid to Africa by analyzing secondary data sourced from literature and secondary statistics.
De Sócrates a Foucault: una larga tradición de la filosofía como forma de vida y arte de vivir a la Luz de Pierre Hadot y Alexander Nehamas
Authors: Malo Echeverri Santiago Borda
Published: August 2020

En este capítulo se pretende trazar un arco histórico desde Sócrates a Foucault, pasando por Epicteto, según el cual el hilo conductor de la Filosofía es una forma integral de vida y/o arte de vivir y no una simple actividad especulativa académica. El abordaje se realiza a la luz de los autores Pierre Hadot y Alexander Nehamas.  Finalmente, se resalta el influjo de Epicteto y su Arte de vivir en el último Foucault, que constituyó todo un hallazgo filosófico praxeológico: una ‘estética de la existencia’ plenificada en la Parresía o veridicción neocínica. Transcribimos como aporte vivencial un acápite epictetiano reasumido por Foucault en sus últimos días.
Efficacy of Point-of-Care for INR Testing Compared to Standard Laboratory Methods at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bhat Manzoor , Abuzied Yacoub , Fagih Zahra , Wani Tariq , Gawan Ismael , Andalay El Mae , AlSheef Mohammed
Published: August 2020

Introduction

Regular testing of the international normalized ratio (INR) is essential for people taking vitamin K antagonists as part of anticoagulation therapy. This study was undertaken to ascertain the efficacy of point-of-care testing (POCT)-INR versus conventional core laboratory testing in terms of result adequacy, waiting-time reduction, and patient satisfaction enhancement at the thrombosis clinic of the outpatient Medical Specialties Department in King Fahad Medical City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods

The study was conducted prospectively for 6 months (from June 2017 to December 2017) on 182 eligible participants out of 250 entitled patients who were attending the thrombosis clinic for warfarin dose adjustment and who fulfilled all the prerequisites for performing dual testing by fingerstick at the clinic and venipuncture by the core laboratory. The data-capturing template created on Microsoft Excel recorded turnaround times (TATs), clinical concordance of INR result variables by POCT, and laboratory methods. Individual patient experience was recorded to gauge satisfaction rate, and all the data were analyzed statistically.

Results

Of 182 patients included in the study, overall good concord was observed between POCT whole blood and laboratory plasma INR results with median bias of 0.07 and 92.3% agreement using acceptability criteria for clinical concordance of Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 14-A and International Standards Organization (ISO) 17593-2007, respectively. Marked improvement in terms of patient's time spent at the clinic was noted, with substantial reduction from 180 to ∼30 minutes (p < 0.001). Survey questionnaire responses indicated that POCT of INR was highly convenient and enhanced patient experience in terms of shorter wait time, minimal invasive procedures, and immediate result availability (p < 0.001). Predominantly, participants (75.4%) endorsed and expressed a strong preference for the POCT procedure over conventional laboratory testing.

Conclusions

Whole blood INR testing for warfarin dose adjustment with validated POCT devices is adequately comparable to the core laboratory results. It also simplifies workflow steps at the thrombosis clinic, enhancing patient experience and convenience via the immediate availability of results, a less invasive procedure, and a marked reduction in waiting time. However, caution is needed with regard to higher INR results (≥4.7), which call for core laboratory confirmation.
Pengaruh Terapi Musik Dangdut Terhadap Tingkat Depresi Pada Orang Dengan Skizofrenia Di RSJD Dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta
Authors: Kartina Irna , Kurniawan Adit , Sartikasari Febriana , Mustikarani Innez Karunia
Published: August 2020

Schizophrenia is one of mental disorder which has negative  effect on human brain and its cognitive function, perception, emotional,  and behavior. In Indonesia the schizophrenia lead to the big number , almost touch 70% in population of people with mental illness. This study will investigate the impact of Dangdut Music Therapy among them, which were hospitalized in RSJD dr.Arif Zainudin Surakarta. This study used quantitative method with pre-experiment (without control )approach with pre-posttest applied, with total sampling 11 people with schizophrenia. The therapy were given in 4 time of intervention. Finding of this study was there were significant dissimilarity between pre-test and post test mean, P Value was  0.000. In conclusion, the Dangdut Music Therapy  could be used as an alternative to treat depression on people with schizophrenia.

Keywords : Dangdut Music Therapy, Schizophrenia, Music Therapy, Depression.
Family Characteristics as Predictors of Youth Livelihood Outcomes in Kenya
Authors: Njuguna Christine W , Ngige Lucy W
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of family characteristics on youth livelihood outcomes (YLO) in Kenya. A survey was conducted on a random sample of 201 respondents aged between 18 to 35 years who were selected from a list of members of registered self-help youth groups. Data was gathered through a questionnaire and analysed by the se of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Youth livelihood outcomes occurred along a continuum of three levels, namely: survival, security and growth livelihood levels. Results revealed that 52% of the respondents attained survival livelihood level, 18% attained the security level, and 30% attained the growth level of youth livelihood outcomes. Research findings indicated that family characteristics improved prediction power of youth livelihoods outcomes by 72.1% (R2 = 0.721; Log-Likelihood Ratio (χ2 = 203.18; d.f = 12; p = 0.000). The significant predictors of youth livelihood outcomes were the aggregate family income (β=1.00, p=0.000), paternal education (β = 1.60, p = 0.016), parental support (β = 1.93, p = 0.047), number of dependents (β = 0.02, p = 0.001), and aggregate family assets (β = 1.00, p = 0.019).  However, family expenditure (χ2 = 2.37; d.f. = 2; p > 0.05) and maternal education (χ2 = 9.72; d.f. = 3; p > 0.05) had no statistically significant relationship with youth livelihood outcomes. These results implied that that youth from middle-income families, whose fathers had acquired higher levels of education, and whose families had fewer dependents, had accumulated family assets and whose parents supported their livelihood strategies attained higher levels of youth livelihood outcomes compared to their counterparts who were less privileged on similar family characteristics. The outcomes of this study may be used to develop appropriate family and youth-focused interventions to enhance youth livelihood outcomes.
EVALUASI KINERJA SIMPANG TAK BERSINYAL MENJADI SIMPANG BERSINYAL
Authors: Taufikkurrahman Taufikkurrahman
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan perubahan simpang tak bersinyal menjadi simpang bersinyal ditinjau dari kinerja simpang pada simpang Jl. S.Supriadi – Klayatan 3 kota Malang. Skenario perbaikan kinerja simpang dengan perbaikan geometrik simpang dan pemasangan rambu masih belum menghasilkan kinerja yang baik. Maka pada artikel ini akan dilakukan scenario perbaikan simpang dengan memasang lampu lalulintas. Pengembangan dan pengolahan data lalulintas dilapangan di lakukan dengan survei arus lalulintas, pengukuran kondisi geometrik. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode MKJI 1997. Hasil Penelitian dengan Metode Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI) 1997. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dilapangan dapat diketahui bahwa kapasitas Simpang Jl. S. Supriadi – Jl. Klayatan 3, pada pendekat Utara Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) = 0,856, pendekat Barat Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) = 0,868, pendekat Selatan Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) =0,864. Tundaan simpang rata-rata di simpang Jl. S. Supriadi – Jl. Klayatan 3 diperoleh sebesar 48,3 det/smp, didapat nilai LoS adalah E. Ditinjau dari kinerja simpang, aplikasi lampu lalulintas layak di operasikan pada simpang Jl. S. Supriadi-Jl. Klayatan 3.
Medullary thyroid carcinoma: consensus on diagnostic, management and treatment.
Authors: Morales Martín G , Rodríguez Padilla Á , Escoresca Suárez I
Published: August 2020

El carcinoma medular de tiroides es la tercera patología maligna tiroidea más frecuente. Tiene su origen en las células parafoliculares productoras de calcitonina y presenta una elevada prevalencia de enfermedad avanzada al diagnóstico. Puede presentarse de forma esporádica o familiar, con un 75% y 25% respectivamente: el screening genético del oncogen RET permite distinguir las dos formas.

La calcitonina es el marcador sérico específico y es el factor pronóstico más importante en la supervivencia y progresión de la enfermedad.

Aproximadamente el 30% de los pacientes con carcinoma medular presentan metástasis al diagnóstico. La identificación temprana de los portadores del oncogen RET y la tiroidectomía precoz es el tratamiento definitivo. La evaluación de los casos debe llevarse a cabo por un equipo multidiciplinar, siendo necesario la individualización de los fármacos y seguimiento de cada paciente.
Follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer after surgery
Authors: Romero Lluch AR , Dueñas Disotuar S , Navarro González E
Published: August 2020

El carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides es una enfermedad cuya prevalencia va en aumento. Tras la cirugía, los pacientes van a requerir un seguimiento a largo plazo que debe ser personalizado en base al tipo de tumor, riesgo de recurrencia y respuesta al tratamiento. Realizar esquemas adecuados de seguimiento tiene una doble finalidad. En primer lugar, evitaremos un exceso de visitas y pruebas complementarias en pacientes que no se benefician de las mismas, optimizando así los recursos sanitarios y reduciendo el impacto emocional sobre la persona. Por otro lado, aquellos casos con enfermedad activa o con alto riesgo de recurrencia precisarán una vigilancia mucho más estrecha con pruebas complementarias frecuentes y secuenciales. En el presente artículo realizaremos una revisión pormenorizada del riesgo de mortalidad y de persistencia o recurrencia del cáncer diferenciado de tiroides, así como de las posibles respuestas al tratamiento (estratificación dinámica de riesgo) para finalmente establecer protocolos de seguimiento adaptados a cada situación clínica, con las mejores herramientas disponibles y buscando siempre el beneficio del paciente.
Is the intraoperative (PHT) determination still useful today?
Authors: Martínez Santos C , Martin Callejon G , Lucena Navarro F , Gándara Adán N
Published: August 2020

La determinación rápida intraoperatoria de hormona paratiroidea (PTHio) contribuyó a la transición de la exploración bilateral (EB) a la paratiroidectomia selectiva (PS) en la cirugía del hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPTP) esporádico para los casos con pruebas funcional y anatómica concordantes por su alta probabilidad de adenoma único. De esta forma, tras la exéresis dirigida de la glándula patológica con técnicas mínimamente invasivas, era posible detectar aquellos pocos casos en los que había más glándulas hiperfuncionantes (que requerirían una EB) y finalizar la cirugía en el resto.

Sin embargo, tras años de experiencia con la PTHio (con tiempos de respuesta largos en muchos centros) y la aparición de nuevas pruebas de localización preoperatoria más seguras como el CT-4D o el SPECT-CT, muchos cirujanos endocrinos realizan PS sin apoyo de PTHio precisamente cuando la posibilidad de tener localizado el adenoma único es muy alta.

Las indicaciones actuales de la PTHio se han reducido por tanto y han cambiado, siendo útil en casos en los que tradicionalmente no se usaba. Hoy por hoy, se recomienda en aquellos en los que hay más probabilidades de enfermedad multiglandular esporádica y se quiere realizar una PS en vez de una EB (p.e. si solo se dispone de una prueba de imagen positiva, las pruebas preoperatorias no son concordantes o en HPTP leve o normocalcémico) y en reintervenciones.