bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the complexity of lectal competence: the register-specificity of the dative alternation aftergive
Authors: Engel Alexandra , Grafmiller Jason , Rosseel Laura , Szmrecsanyi Benedikt
Published: September 2022

Recent evidence suggests that probabilistic grammars may be modulated by communication mode and genre. Accordingly, the question arises how complex language users’ lectal competence is, where complexity is proportional to the extent to which choice-making processes depend on the situation of language use. Do probabilistic constraints vary when we talk to a friend compared to when we give a speech? Are differences between spoken and written language larger than those within each mode? In the present study, we aim to approach these questions systematically. Guided by theorizing in cognitive (socio)linguistics and using logistic regression based on corpus materials, we analyzed the dative alternation withgive(The government gives farmers moneyvs.The government gives money to farmers) in four broad registers of English: spoken informal, spoken formal, written informal, and written formal. Corpus analysis was supplemented with a scalar rating experiment. Results suggest that language users’ probabilistic grammars vary as a function of register.
Crystal structure of dibromido-tetra((E)-(RS)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol-κ
1
N)zinc(II), C60H68O4N12Br2Cl8Zn
Authors: Li Jie , Yan Biao , Li Hongya
Published: September 2022

C60H68O4N12Br2Cl8Zn, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.0149 (13) Å, b = 13.671 (2) Å, c = 15.168 (2) Å, α = 92.280 (3)°, β = 97.441 (2)°, γ = 107.862 (2)°, V = 1758.0 (4) A3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0417, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1005, T = 296 (2) K.
Transfer und Reinforcement Learning in der Produktionssteuerung
Authors: Steinbacher Lennart , Pering Espen , Freitag Michael
Published: September 2022

Stetig steigende Komplexität und wachsende Informationsdichten in Produktionssystemen eröffnen Potentiale zur Anwendung von Methoden des maschinellen Lernens. Reinforcement Learning ist besonders geeignet, autonome agentenbasierte Steuerungen umzusetzen. Allerdings wird dessen Anwendung bei sich wandelnden Produktionssystemen erschwert. Es wird erstmalig gezeigt, dass der Transfer-Learning-Ansatz für Produktionssteuerungen mit Reinforcement Learning zu einem verbesserten Trainingserfolg führen kann.
MANAGERS’ ETHICS OF TAX EVASION: THE ROLES OF FAMILY, RELIGION, AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Vo Thuy Thi Diem , Tuliao Kristine Velasquez , Chung-wen Chen
Published: September 2022

Tax income is one of the essential financial resources to maintain a nation’s development, as tax revenue promotes the advancement of social welfare and community affairs. However, tax evasion has been a persistent governmental and societal concern. In order to expand insights on tax evasion of managers, the authors used Emile Durkheim’s sociological theory of anomie to investigate the individual-level association between managers’ perceived family and religion importance and their attitude toward tax evasion. Additionally, the theory was employed to examine how country-level aspects moderate that individual-level relationship. The hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) method was utilized to analyze data of 3,475 managers from 47 countries obtained from the World Values Survey (WVS). Results indicated that the managers’ perceived family and religion importance were negatively related to their ethics of tax evasion. Moreover, the individual-level relationships were moderated by the country-level factors of poverty, good governance, political integration, and social integration. Most study findings supported Durkheim’s original propositions, whereas complementary arguments were offered to explain the results contradicting them. Since there are no existing studies on the influence of managers’ perceived family and religion importance on the ethics of tax evasion and how social perspectives moderate their impacts, the results of this study offer deeper insights into understanding the issue. Practical implications for organizations and society were discussed to reinforce managers’ ethics of tax evasion. The study findings will help organizations and governments establish social programs that will decrease managers’ likelihood to evade taxes, thereby contributing to the development of organizations and the nation.
Thyrotropinoma with silent somatotroph and lactotroph adenoma during pregnancy
Authors: Wu Yu-Fang , Ng Hui Yi , Namboodiri Divya , Lewis David , Davidson Andrew , Champion Bernard , Preda Veronica
Published: September 2022

Thyrotropinomas are an uncommon cause of hyperthyroidism and are exceedingly rarely identified during pregnancy, with limited evidence to guide management. Most commonly they present as macroadenomas and may cause symptoms of mass effect including headache, visual field defects and hypopituitarism. We present a case of a 35-year-old woman investigated for headaches in whom a 13 mm thyrotropinoma was found. In the lead-up to planned trans-sphenoidal surgery (TSS), she spontaneously conceived and surgery was deferred, as was pharmacotherapy, at her request. The patient was closely monitored through her pregnancy by a multi-disciplinary team and delivered without complication. Pituitary surgery was performed 6 months post-partum. Isolated secondary hypothyroidism was diagnosed postoperatively and replacement thyroxine was commenced. Histopathology showed a double lesion with predominant pituitary transcription factor-1 positive, steroidogenic factor negative plurihormonal adenoma and co-existent mixed thyroid-stimulating hormone, growth hormone, lactotroph and follicle-stimulating hormone staining with a Ki-67 of 1%. This case demonstrates a conservative approach to thyrotropinoma in pregnancy with a successful outcome. This highlights the need to consider the timing of intervention with careful consideration of risks to mother and fetus.

Learning points

Thyrotropinomas are a rare cause of secondary hyperthyroidism. Patients may present with hyperthyroidism or symptoms of mass effect, including headaches or visual disturbance.

Thyrotropinoma in pregnancy presents a number of pituitary-related risks including pituitary apoplexy and compression of local structures.

Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy raises the risk of complications including spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, low birthweight and premature labour.

Timing of medical and surgical therapies must be carefully considered. A conservative approach requires careful monitoring in case emergent intervention is required.
Telomeres and oocyte maturation rate are not reduced by COVID-19 except in severe cases
Authors: Chico-Sordo L , Polonio A M , Córdova-Oriz I , Medrano M , Herraiz S , Bronet F , García-Velasco J A , Varela E
Published: September 2022

In brief

COVID-19 does not affect the telomeres or fertility outcomes in mild cases. However, in women with severe symptoms, telomeres of granulosa cells are shorter, and the oocyte maturation rate is decreased.

The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causes COVID-19 disease and affects primarily the lungs and also other organs, causing accelerated cell aging. One of the main pathways involved in aging is telomere attrition, which ultimately leads to defective tissue regeneration and organ dysfunction. Indeed, short telomeres in aged people aggravate the COVID-19 symptoms, and COVID-19 survivors showed shorter telomeres in blood cells. The SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in testis, but the ovaries, which express the viral entry factors, have not been fully explored. Our objective was to analyze telomeres and reproductive outcomes in women who had COVID-19 and controls. In this prospective cohort study, granulosa cells (GCs) and blood were collected from 65 women. Telomere length (TL) was measured by high-throughput in situ hybridization. Mean TL of GCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was alike in control and mild cases. However, mean TL of GCs was lower in severe cases compared to controls (P = 0.017). Control and COVID groups had similar ovarian reserve and number of total oocytes after puncture. However, the oocyte maturation rate was lower in severe cases (P =  0.018). Interestingly, a positive correlation between the oocyte maturation rate and TL of GCs was found in the control group (P = 0.024). Our findings point to a potential impact of the coronavirus infection on telomeres and reproductive outcomes in severe cases. This might be considered upon possible new SARS-CoV threats, to favor treatments that enhance oocyte maturation in women severely affected by coronavirus undergoing ART.
Arabinoxylan and nanocellulose from a kilogram-scale extraction of barley husk
Authors: Börjesson Mikaela , Härdelin Linda , Nylander Filip , Karlsson Kristina , Larsson Anette , Westman Gunnar
Published: September 2022

Processes of extracting hemicellulose from annual plants usually neglect the cellulose fraction. This study explored the possibility of obtaining both a hemicellulose and a cellulose fraction of sufficient quality for further use, with barley husks used as the raw material. An alkaline extraction was used to isolate the biopolymers by a process in which sodium dithionite replaced the traditional sodium borohydride as the reducing agent. The cellulose fraction was successfully transformed into nanocellulose by sulfuric acid hydrolysis, and the obtained hemicellulose (i.e., arabinoxylan) displayed carbohydrate composition characteristics similar to those previously reported in the literature for processes of extracting hemicellulose from barley husks. Using this methodology, both the cellulose and hemicellulose can be isolated in high quantities of dry material and used for transformation into new bio-based materials.
Carbon black filled shell of high density wood-polyethylene composites to balance the antistatic properties and mechanical properties
Authors: Liu Chaozheng , Mei Changtong , Wang Ke , Jiang Min , Chen Weimin
Published: September 2022

Carbon black (CB) was used to fill the shell of wood high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composite to improve its antistatic properties and simultaneously maintain its mechanical properties. The conductivity analysis revealed that the percolation threshold of the CB in coextruded WPC was between 15% and 20%, and the surface resistivity of the sample containing 20% CB (CW-20) achieved the floor antistatic requirements of an electronic information system room and its support area according to GB/T 50174 (2017). The addition of CB into the shell of the coextruded WPC inhibited its crystallization. The mechanical properties of coextruded WPC were increased when the CB content was increased. The flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength of the CW-20 sample were increased by 21.6%, 10.8%, and 26.1%, respectively. In addition, the dosage of CB in regular WPCs was 6.71 times as much as that of coextruded WPCs, which achieved similar antistatic and mechanical properties of the two structural WPCs. These results demonstrated that the low CB filled shell of HDPE composite exhibited a large reduction in its surface resistivity and a significant enhancement in its mechanical properties, which expands the application of coextruded WPCs in flammable and explosive uses while also improving the antistatic and mechanical properties.
Ethanol production from vineplant waste hydrolysate sugars by native yeast strains
Authors: Özkale Kaya Evrim , Doğan Yasemin , Yalçin H. Tansel
Published: September 2022

Biomass from agricultural waste can be an excellent source of sustainable energy, the most notable of which is bioethanol. This study aimed to adapt and improve bioethanol production using a yeast strain that ferments the sugar content in undiluted and non-added nutrient vineplant bunch hydrolysates. Yeasts that were previously isolated and molecularly characterized were screened for their pentose fermenting capabilities, first in solid and then liquid mediums. Then, 10 native xylose fermenting yeast strains were tested for their ability to produce ethanol from acid hydrolysates from vineplant lignocellulosic waste. The five strains that exhibited the highest ethanol production underwent fermentation in the pure (non-detoxified) hydrolysate. The strain Pichia kudriavzevii D12 in the undiluted hydrolysate medium gave the highest ethanol concentrations and yields. Hence, P. kudriavzevii was selected for adaptation with sequential fermentations. As a result, a 59% increase in the ethanol production (g/L) was recorded for the D12 strain in the undiluted hydrolysate medium during the adaptation studies. A 2.9-fold increase in the yield (g/g) was obtained for this sample when compared with the reference medium. This study determined that a nondetoxified, organic waste medium prepared from vineplant bunches without added nutrients is a suitable substrate alternative for bioethanol production.
Cattle effluents, either composted or bio-digested by Black Soldier Fly larvae, in the fertilization of ryegrass in sandy soils
Authors: Menino Regina , Lopes Ivã , Semedo José N , Scotti- Campos Paula , Murta Daniel , Castelo-Branco Amélia , Nestler Cecília , Moreira Olga
Published: September 2022

The relative agronomic performance of two organic fertilizers - effluents from intensive cattle farming, after composting either by traditional aerobic methods (compost) or by bio-digestion by larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF) (frass) - in the growth of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) on a sandy soil was evaluated. For this purpose, a pot trial was conducted in a semi-controlled greenhouse. Eight treatments were defined, with four treatments using the compost and four treatments using frass (with a 10% nitroamoniacal nitrogen supplementation in all treatments), in addition to a negative control without fertilization, and a positive control with exclusively chemical nitroamoniacal fertilization. Regarding the biomass production, the BSF frass displayed a higher potential than the compost, with a significantly higher production from an N endowment equivalent to 280 kg ha-1 (252 kg organic N + 28 kg mineral N). While the yields obtained with compost were stable when 350 kg ha-1 (315 kg organic N + 35 kg mineral N) were provided, the yields obtained with BSF frass revealed a tendency to continue to progress with higher doses. This could be justified by the fact that the P2O5 and K2O content of BSF frass is significantly higher than that of the compost, and these nutrients continued to be mineralized over time. Furthermore, the obtained results confirm the potentiating effect of mineral fertilizers in the maximization of biomass production, when associated with organic fertilizers in adequate proportions. In addition, it was verified that the addition of frass enhanced the water use by plants, which was significantly higher than the treatments with compost, regardless of the N endowment. It was concluded that mixing chemical and organic fertilizers positively impacts soil fertility and the sustainability of the production as a whole, by increasing productivities in a sustainable way.
Del movimiento social de mujeres de Medellín (Colombia) a la incidencia política. El caso del movimiento político Estamos Listas
Authors: Alzate-Zuluaga Mary-Luz , Cardona-Zuleta Luz-Margarita , Carvajal-Londoño Yulieth
Published: September 2022

El artículo analiza el proceso histórico de la movilización social de las mujeres en Medellín (Colombia), sus antecedentes en los años de 1980, las transformaciones y cambios experimentados en las décadas de los años de 1990 y 2000, deteniéndose en una de sus expresiones, su desenlace actual en el movimiento político Estamos Listas. Identifica de esta manera, la incidencia política alcanzada luego de un proceso organizativo lento y silencioso, alimentado por organizaciones de mujeres de Medellín y Antioquia de distinto carácter y motivación. Metodológicamente se realiza un estudio de caso, a partir del análisis documental y videográfico, así como de las entrevistas a protagonistas del movimiento político Estamos Listas. El análisis se sirve de categorías teóricas como el movimiento de mujeres y luchas feministas, el movimiento político y la paridad participativa. Como resultado, en las tres décadas analizadas de este movimiento social se combinan, y por momentos se superponen —aunque con énfasis diferenciados— tres períodos o etapas: el de la denuncia, la confrontación con el Estado y la interlocución como actor clave para el diseño y ejecución de políticas públicas con enfoque de género.
Validated LC-MS/MS method for quantitation of solasodine in rat urine and feces: Blocking nonspecific adsorption
Authors: Lu Tiantian , Wang Xiaohong , Zhang Qi , Liu Kun , Xu Tongxin , Wang Quande , Zhao Pengfei , Cheng Zhongzhe
Published: September 2022

Solasodine, a steroidal alkaloid, is distributed extensively in Solanaceae plants with multiple biological activities such as neuroprotection, antineoplastic and anticonvulsant activities. However, there is little information about the excretion of intact solasodine in vivo. To investigate its excretion, a reliable LC-MS/MS method for quantitation solasodine in rat urine and feces was established and validated. Sample preparation was carried out by liquid-liquid extraction using MTBE as extractant. Moreover, rat urine was preconditioned with BSA, an anti-adsorptive additive, to prevent the nonspecific binding of solasodine to containers and tubes. The method was validated over the range of 4–2000 ng mL−1. The correlation coefficient (r2) were all above 0.999. The intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were within 16.9% and between −11.0 and 8.9%, respectively. The recovery of solasodine in urine and feces was in the range of 72.5–80.3 and 75.7–80.2%, respectively. IS-normalized matrix factor ranged from 0.94 to 1.12 with RSD% ≤4.02%. This method was successfully applied to the excretion study of solasodine following oral and intravenous administration.
Amphiregulin/epidermal growth factor receptor/hypoxia inducible factor-1α pathway regulates T helper 9 and T cytotoxic 9 cell response in adult patients with infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Li Yu , Li Lan , Zhang Weihua , Gao Ying
Published: September 2022

Amphiregulin (AREG)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling induces hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), leading to promotion of T helper 9 (Th9) differentiation and anti-tumor functions. However, the role of the AREG/EGFR/HIF-1α pathway in regulating interleukin-9 (IL-9) production by T cells in adult patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) has not been fully elucidated. Fifty IM patients and 20 controls were enrolled. The percentages of Th9 and T cytotoxic 9 (Tc9) cells, the mRNA relative expressions of the transcription factors of IL-9-secreting T cells, purine-rich nucleic acid binding protein 1 (PU.1) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), and the levels of IL-9, AREG, EGFR, and HIF-1α were measured. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IM patients were stimulated with EGFR inhibitor or exogenous AREG in the presence or absence of anti-HIF-1α. Regulation of the AREG/EGFR/HIF-1α pathway to IL-9 production by T cells was assessed. The percentages of Th9 and Tc9 cells, plasma IL-9 levels, and PU.1 and FOXO1 mRNA expressions were elevated in IM patients. Plasma levels of AREG and HIF-1α were also increased in IM patients. AREG levels correlated positively with the percentages of Th9 and Tc9 cells in IM patients. Inhibition of EGFR suppressed IL-9-producing T cell differentiation and HIF-1α production. Exogenous AREG stimulation not only induced EGFR and HIF-1α expression but also promoted IL-9-secreting T cell differentiation. Neutralization of HIF-1α abrogated AREG/EGFR-induced Th9 and Tc9 differentiation in IM patients. The current data suggested that the AREG/EGFR/HIF-1α pathway contributed to the elevation of Th9 and Tc9 differentiation in IM patients.
Это загадочное поколение (пер. с англ. С. Кучковской)
Authors: Smith Zadie
Published: September 2022

Перевод рецензии из The New York Review of Books. Размышление по поводу: Художественный фильм «Социальная сеть» (режиссер Дэвид Финчер, сценарист Аарон Соркин), книга Арон Ланьер «Ты не гаджет: Манифест» (Издательство Knopf).
Effect of hydrolysed collagen supplementation on knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Fonseca Alexandre Guerreiro da , De Faria Coelho Carly , Sardinha Leonardo Lopes Martins Patricia , P. Vieira Rodolfo , Lopes-Martins Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão
Published: September 2022

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a burden for the modern society. One of the most important inflammatory conditions of the muscle-skeletal system, KOA is characterized by joint pain, crepitus, local inflammation, tenderness, limitation of movement and effusion with no systemic effects. Bjordal et al. (2004) in a meta-analysis, analyzed more than 13,000 patients regarding chronic inflammatory diseases and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including coxibs. In this study, the authors demonstrated that in long-term inflammatory diseases, anti-inflammatory drugs had a slightly superior effect compared to placebo. Oral supplementation with hydrolysed collagen has been proposed as an alternative to treat symptoms. The purpose of this review was to investigate the effects or oral supplementation with hydrolysed collagen in KOA. Methods: Randomized placebo-controlled were searched in different databases, from 2001 to 2021, using the following keywords in titles and abstracts (“knee osteoarthritis” OR “knee arthrosis”) AND (“hydrolysed collagen supplementation”). Results: From 565 articles, only 4 fulfilled the eligibility criteria with variations on the number of subjects, collagen dose and origin, age, and gender of patients, blinding with variation also in the bias criteria. Conclusion The studies are very heterogeneous but reached the same conclusion that oral collagen supplementation may be slightly effective to mitigate KOA symptoms. However, the number of studies is a limitation and no evidence of any possible mechanism is provided. Further studies are needed to investigate the hypothesis.
Роль ООН в цифровизации информации и гуманитарных услуг для мигрантов во всем мире
Authors: Гайнутдинова Екатерина Ирековна
Published: September 2022

В статье рассматривается значение цифровых технологий в развитии гуманитарных услуг для мигрантов во всем мире. Авторитетное межправительственное учреждение — Международная организация по миграции (МОМ) — занимается всеми аспектами миграции, вопросами благополучия, безопасности и привлечения мигрантов. Отмечается, что цифровизация в данной сфере способствует достижению целей устойчивого развития, снижению уровня коррупции, разработке практических решений миграционных проблем и оказания гуманитарной помощи мигрантам, включая беженцев и внутренне перемещенных лиц.
PROTEST EVENT ANALYSIS MEETS AUTOCRACY: COMPARING THE COVERAGE OF CHINESE PROTESTS ON SOCIAL MEDIA, DISSIDENT WEBSITES, AND IN THE NEWS
Authors: Göbel Christian , Steinhardt H. Christoph
Published: September 2022

How accurate is media-elicited protest event data from autocracies where the state censors the media? Based on a source-specific model of event selection and a multisource dataset of over 3,100 protests from three Chinese megacities, we demonstrate the substantial advantages of using social media data, capturing 115 times more protests than English-language international news, 74 times more than domestic news, and 10 times more than dissident websites. Social media are most likely to cover small and nonviolent events that other sources often ignore. Aside from antiregime protests, they are less affected by censorship than often assumed. A validity test against public holidays and daily rainfall shows that social media data outperform dissident websites and traditional news. Social media, and to a lesser extent dissident media, are promising new sources for protest event analysis in autocracies. Scholars should treat news media-based event data from heavily censoring regimes with caution.
Molecular foundations of the etiology and pathogenesis of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease and prospects for targeted therapy: A literature review
Authors: Shabaldin Nikita A. , Shabaldin Andrei V.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: The etiology and pathogenesis of the development of LeggCalvePerthes disease, despite intensive research, remains not fully understood. Most studies have concluded about the multifactorial genesis of the development of hip osteochondropathy. Moreover, a complete understanding of all elements of pathogenesis leading to the manifestation and the progressive development of aseptic necrosis make it possible to develop targeted antiresorptive therapy. At present, several studies have investigated impaired functioning of signaling pathways that influence bone homeostasis during the development of LeggCalvePerthes disease. In addition, impaired metabolism in avascular necrosis is characterized by significant complexity and heterogeneity, which is based on aseptic inflammation associated with ischemic stress. Concepts of antiresorptive therapy were developed based on the results of studies on the pathogenesis of LeggCalvePerthes disease. Nevertheless, these treatment algorithms have not achieved wide practical application and require further investigation.
AIM: This study aimed to conduct a literary analysis of the molecular basis of the etiology and pathogenesis of LeggCalvePerthes disease and assess the prospects of therapy aimed at correcting bone homeostasis disorders.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data sources were PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and RSCI databases, without language restrictions.
RESULTS: The relationship between ischemic stress and the induction of a cytokine cascade with a predominance of the biological actions of proinflammatory cytokines, with parallel activation of intracellular regulatory networks that determine osteoresorptive processes, including due to pyroptosis, is shown. Data on the possibility of various variants of targeted antiresorptive therapy with the use of genetically engineered drugs are presented.
CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis of LeggCalvePerthes disease is characterized by significant genetic heterogeneity with the induction of various mediators of inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis, depending on the disease stage. Investigating features of impaired bone homeostasis regulation in the case of LeggCalvePerthes disease at the molecular and cellular level opens up opportunities for the development and clinical application of personalized therapy.
Orthopedic management of cerebral palsy: past, present, and future
Authors: Baindurashvili Alexey G. , Kenis Vladimir M.
Published: September 2022

Cerebral palsy is a neurological disease accompanied by orthopedic complications. To date, orthopedic treatment of cerebral palsy remains one of the basic approaches. Knowledge of history is the key to understanding the present and a bridge to the future. It gives us insight into the evolution of understanding of the problem, views on the possibilities of treatment, and personalized approach to the patient. The article describes the evolution of knowledge and approaches of treatment to children with cerebral palsy from ancient times to the present day. The main milestones of the neuro-orthopedic approach to diagnosis and treatment are reflected. In improving the surgical treatment of children with cerebral palsy, it is necessary to rely on a multidisciplinary approach, early detection of orthopedic pathology, personalization, taking into account the psychological and social effect of surgical treatment, and development and improvement of surgical techniques.
The lecture was presented at a scientific conference with international participation Correction of motor disorders in the complex of medical habilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Saint Petersburg, November 2021, 2019.
Etil Ester Minyak Ikan Tuna sebagai Bahan Penyediaan Suplemen Omega-3 menggunakan Perlakuan NaOH dan Suhu
Authors: Yulianto Agus , Heri Suseno Sugeng , Nugraha Roni
Published: September 2022

Asam lemak omega-3 rantai panjang berperan penting bagi kesehatan manusia namun asam lemak tidak jenuh dalam bentuk trigliserida rentan mengalami oksidasi sehingga perlu dimodifikasi antara lain dengan mengubahnya menjadi etil ester. Transesterifikasi dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, yaitu suhu, kecepatan pengadukan, rasio molar etanol-minyak dan konsentrasi katalis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsentrasi NaOH dan suhu terhadap parameter oksidasi minyak etil ester dari hasil samping minyak ikan tuna hasil pengalengan yang sesuai dengan standar IFOS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RALF) dengan taraf perlakuan konsentrasi NaOH (0,5; 1; 1,5)%, suhu (60; 70 dan 80)°C. Total asam lemak jenuh (SFA) pada minyak ikan tuna kasar sebesar 31,59%. Adapun asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal (MUFA) sebesar 30,34%, sedangkan asam lemak tak jenuh majemuk (PUFA) adalah sebesar 24,94%. PUFA didominasi DHA (14,15%), sementara kandungan asam lemak EPA sebesar 2,90%. Minyak ikan tuna ditransesterifikasi menjadi etil ester terpilih yakni perlakuan dengan konsentrasi NaOH 0,5% dan suhu 60°C, dengan rendemen 93,90% parameter oksidasi terbaik dan sudah memenuhi standar IFOS (2014) yakni asam lemak bebas (FFA) 0,63±0,02%, bilangan peroksida (PV) 2,38±0,00 mEq/kg, bilangan p-anisidin (p-AnV) 2,37±0,44 mEq/kg; nilai total oksidasi (TOTOKS) 7,14±0,4 mEq/kg.
Subleukemic leukemia presenting as pancytopenia in an elderly female with mild constitutional symptoms: A rare case report
Authors: Akhtar Kafil , Fahim Mazhar , Hasan Naba , Adil Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Subleukemic leukemia is characterized by the presence of atypical or abnormal white blood cells in peripheral blood with total leukocyte count in within normal range. The clinical features are nonspecific and include fever, fatigue, and weight loss, vague bone pain, bruising or bleeding. We present a rare case of subleukemic leukemia presenting as pancytopenia in a 55 years female, who presented with mild constitutional symptoms of generalized weakness, easy fatiguability and loss of appetite for the past 3 months. We should be aware of this rare finding of subleukemic leukemia in patients with mild constitutional symptoms and keep it in the differentials of a case of pancytopenia, for prompt diagnosis and early initiation of treatment, with better outcome.
Double troubleStrongyloidiasis hyper infection and intestinal tuberculosis co-infection-A rare case report
Authors: Manasi  , Soumya B.M  , Kulkarni Vardendra
Published: September 2022

Strongyloidiasis, a human intestinal parasitic infection is most commonly caused by Strongyloides stercoralis species. Strongyloides Hyperinfection is an accelerated autoinfection occurring in immunocompromised state like tuberculosis, where increased number of infectious filariform larvae are produced. Here, we report a case of 35-year-old male, known case of intestinal tuberculosis, presenting with complaints of pain abdomen, associated with vomiting. Clinical and radiological examination revealed hollow viscous perforation with peritonitis. Surgical ileal resection with anastomosis was performed and histopathological analysis of the specimen revealed eggs and larval and adult forms of Strongyloides stercoralis within crypts and superficial mucosa
Hacia una nueva metodología para conducir experimentos de campo para el estudio de la discriminación: el caso de los migrantes en el mercado inmobiliario colombiano
Authors: Zanoni Wladimir , Díaz Lina M. , Hernández Hugo , Arenas Ortiz Catalina , Brauckmeyer Gustav , Acevedo Paloma , Zambrano Omar
Published: September 2022

Esta nota técnica describe los aspectos conceptuales y metodológicos del diseño e implementación de un estudio experimental de campo conducido entre 2021 y 2022 para medir el tamaño y determinantes de la discriminación hacia migrantes venezolanos en el mercado inmobiliario colombiano. El objetivo del documento es describir cómo implementar el nuevo marco metodológico (estudio de viñetas con muestreo derivado de respondientes) que ha sido diseñado para medir discriminación en varios contextos (diferentes mercados en diferentes países) y en relación con diferentes características que son sujeto de discriminación (género, orientación sexual, etnicidad, lugar de origen, barrio de residencia, etc.)
Botulinum toxin augmented bilateral lateral rectus recession versus three muscles surgery in large-angle intermittent exotropia
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt, Mattout Hala Kamal , El-Haig Wael M ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
Published: September 2022

AIM: To report the surgical outcomes of correcting large angle intermittent exotropia in adult patients by bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession with intraoperative use of botulinum toxin and to compare the results with those of bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession and unilateral medial rectus resection.
METHODS: The medical records of patients who underwent surgical correction of large angle intermittent exotropia [exotropia >50 prism dioptre (PD)] were retrospectively reviewed. Two groups of patients were identified; Group I (21 patients) had bilateral lateral recti recession augmented with intraoperative botulinum toxin A (BTA) injection into the recessed muscles and group II (30 patients) were treated by bilateral lateral recti recession with unilateral medial rectus muscle resection. Preoperative data were extracted for age, gender, refraction, type of exotropia, angle of stereopsis and angle of deviation. The main outcome measures were the postoperative angle of deviation and stereoacuity angle by Titmus test measured at the end of one year of postoperative follow up.
RESULTS: By the end of the first postoperative year, 10 patients in group I (47.6%) and 20 patients in group II (66.7%) achieved esotropia/esophoria <5 PD or exotropia/exophoria <10 PD. The difference in surgical success rate was not statistically significant (P=0.1) but there was a statistically significant higher rate of undercorrection in group I (P=0.03). On the other hand, 3 patients in group I (14.3%) and 5 patients in group II (16.7%) had improved stereopsis; this difference in the sensory outcome was not statistically significant (P=0.8). In the BTA augmented surgery group, good stereoacuity and smaller preoperative angle of deviation were associated with significantly higher surgical success rate (P=0.004, 0.01 respectively).
CONCLUSION: BTA augmented bilateral lateral recti recession is associated with higher rate of undercorrection as compared to bilateral lateral recti recession with unilateral medial rectus resection in the correction of large angle intermittent exotropia. The surgical success rate in BTA augmented surgery group is observed to be higher in patients with preoperative smaller angle of deviation and in patients with good stereoacuity.
Estrategias de autocuidado para enseñar a pacientes con úlceras vasculares venosas: una revisión integrativa.
Authors: PULIDO ACUÑA GLORIA PAULINA
Published: September 2022

Introducción: las úlceras vasculares son lesiones que se desarrollan principalmente en miembros inferiores, se acompañan de dolor continuo e incapacitante, dificultan la movilidad, alteran la propia imagen corporal y pueden interferir en las actividades de la vida diaria. Las úlceras venosas son graves, ocasionadas por insuficiencia venosa crónica e hipertensión venosa permanente, y la persona que las padece debe recibir cuidados de enfermería integrales, que contribuyan al autocuidado. Objetivo: describir las estrategias que debe tener en cuenta el profesional de enfermería para la promoción del autocuidado en personas con úlceras vasculares venosas. Metodología: revisión integrativa de la literatura. Se realizó búsqueda en bases de datos y recursos electrónicos: Medline a través de PubMed Health, Epistemonikos y SciELO. Se incluyeron artículos de investigación y de revisión relacionados con el problema en estudio, publicados en inglés, portugués o español en el periodo 2010-2020. Estudio sin riesgo, se respetan los derechos de autor. Resultados: se analizó una muestra constituida por 41 publicaciones. Los temas principales producto del análisis fueron: proceso de atención de enfermería y autocuidado, familiarizándose con la úlcera venosa y las opciones terapéuticas, conocimiento de la terapia de compresión, práctica de los estilos de vida saludables. Conclusiones: el cuidado de enfermería al paciente con úlcera venosa debe comenzar por reconocer a la persona desde una perspectiva holística y en reciprocidad con su entorno, lo que implica un proceso de atención integral que va más allá de la úlcera y valora al paciente como un sujeto activo en el cuidado, para que se familiarice con su herida y esté en capacidad de detectar señales de mejoría o de alarma, así como de conocer la terapia de compresión y opciones terapéuticas y de llevar a su cotidianidad la práctica de estilos de vida saludables.
Penile Girth Enhancement using Amniotic Membrane in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Ariafar Ali , Karbalay-Doust Saied , Ahmed Faisal , Eslahi Ali , Tayebi Sona
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Penile Girth Enhancement (PGE) using Amniotic Membrane (AM) as a graft in a rabbit model. Additionally, stereological studies were used to obtain quantitative histological data regarding the structure of the penis. Methods: In this study, 20 adult male rabbits of similar age and weight were allocated to two sham and surgery+AM groups. Both groups underwent surgery by longitudinal Ishape midline incision of the tunica albuginea on the dorsal surface of the penis. The surgery +AM group underwent PGE by AM graft. The penile length and mid circumference were measured using a Vernier caliper before and two months after the surgery. Stereological studies were used to obtain quantitative histological data regarding the structure of the penis. Results: The mean total volume and diameter of the penis increased in the surgery +AM group (p<0.03 and p<0.04, respectively). The stereological evaluation showed a significant increase in the mean volumes of the tunica albuginea and corpora cavernosa in the surgery +AM group compared to the sham group (p<0.01, p< 0.03). Additionally, the mean volume density of the collagen bundles, muscle fibers, and cavernous sinuses and the total number of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells increased in the surgery +AM group compared to the sham group (p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.03, p<0.01, and p<0.05, respectively). No infections, bleedings, or other complications were seen. Conclusions: AM is a method that has appeared promising for material use in penile enhancement. Thus, it may be used for PGE in the future.

Keywords: Amniotic Membrane; Histopathology; Animal; Penile Girth Enhancement.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescent Period: Physical, Metabolic, and Hormonal Features
Authors: HARI Mustafa , GEN Ramazan , KOYUNCU Mahmut Bakır , DURUKAN Hüseyin , ÇİMEN Mehmet Burak
Published: September 2022

Aim: The Rotterdam criteria are used in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, since menstrual irregularities and acne are seen more frequently in adolescents, it is theoretically difficult to use the Rotterdam criteria. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Rotterdam criteria are sufficient for the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence.
Material and Methods: Thirty patients and thirty healthy individuals between the ages of 16 and 18 years were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements, Ferriman Gallwey score (FGS), ultrasonographic ovarian volumes, androgens, and other hormone levels of the participants were recorded.
Results: There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and waist circumference/hip circumference ratio in the patient group (r=0.656, p<0.001). The mean luteinizing hormone (LH) levels of the patient group were found to be statistically significantly higher than the control group (p=0.048). The median FGS of the patient group was statistically significantly higher than the control group (p<0.001). Serum total testosterone levels of adolescent girls who have polycystic ovaries were statistically significantly higher than the ones who have not (p=0.001). The median FGS of those with polycystic ovarian appearance on ultrasonography was found to be statistically significantly higher than those without (p=0.034).
Conclusion: Among the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria, oligoanovulation, acne, and polycystic ovarian appearance on ultrasonography can be seen in healthy adolescents without PCOS. In this study, the most supportive finding for the diagnosis of PCOS was the appearance of polycystic ovaries accompanying moderate hirsutism.
Wybrane problemy statusu poznawczego tekstów pisanych – wprowadzenie
Authors: Doliński Wojciech , Żurko Jerzy
Published: September 2022

The article concerns two subjects: 1. The description of the most important differences between a text which is a result of the author’s written record and the text which is created during an interview; and 2. The structure of a volume in which the ordered articles of researchers reflect the “game of influences” between the author, the recipient, the scientific discipline and the chosen research method. Contemporary social changes constitute a challenge for new forms of written records in both casual and scientific contexts. A need therefore arises to reinterpret the findings of the classics (e.g. F. Znaniecki) concerning the understanding and the practical application of the methods of a personal narrative or of biographical interviews. The need is reinforced by the emergence of new needs among recipients, especially on the Internet, which is considered the most democratic medium. Intentions and possibilities of the process of creating a written record and the resulting consequences for a casual receiver or an expert are not paralleled in the context of research using the method of interview. An author’s written record is an element of action, directing his attention towards future events and their possible interpretations. In Western culture, which is essentially a culture of writing, a written record constitutes the best variety among humanistic ways of experiencing. The number of interpretations of a written text is limited by the complexity of its structures, its subject matter and a form or genre adopted by the author. A casual, everyday act of writing or an act of writing a scientific text exist in the same sphere of experience in the sense that writing creates models of knowledge on practical applications of language. These models can be used to delineate the most probable „maps of interpretations”. The texts contained in the volume justify a conclusion that a different “map of a text” is created by its author, a different one by a casual recipient and still a different one by a professional researcher. The possibility of their superposition and the way in which they are overlaid in order to create one “version” currently constitute one of the challenges in the analysis and interpretation of written texts.
Trudności klasyfikacji gatunkowej tekstu współczesnego na przykładzie „Błękitu” Tedźi Grower
Authors: Junik-Łuniewska Kamila
Published: September 2022

This article aims to examine what genre “Blue” by Teji Grover, a contemporary Hindi writer, represents. A genological study of the work is a part of a broader research on methodology for analyzing contemporary literature. This is particularly important in the context of contemporary Hindi literature, because of the dual origin (Indian and Western) of modern genres (such as novel or short story), and also of the fact that there are very few studies on forms and techniques of Hindi storytelling/narration. The first part of the article contains a general description of the work, its narration, content, subject and personae. In the next part, I discuss the development of Hindi prose, giving an outline of the history of literary genres within the Hindi literature, emphasising its polysemy and multithreaded nature, and thus – the complexity of its description / analysis. Since in the case of “Blue”, the problem with specifying its literary genre is closely linked with its subject, which is open, in search of his/her identity, self-creating in the process of writing, depending on the criteria used, the text can be classified into many genres, eg. nouveau roman, internal monologue, a quasi-autobiography. It could be seen as an example of the open work (Eco) – ambiguous, open to concretization (of genre, and in interpretation).
Prasa Królestwa Polskiego przełomu XIX i XX wieku jako źródło badań nad historią ruchu emancypacji kobiet
Authors: Sikorska-Kowalska Marta
Published: September 2022

The paper is concerned with the problem of press analysis in the research on the history of women. Women’s press was a new phenomenon in the 19th century. The appearance of magazines for women was a response for increasing level of their education and literary interests. Women often read press because there can be found fragments of new novels, fresh trends in fashion, dietetary and practical advices concerning housing. A development of women’s press in the second half of 19th century was strongly influenced by feminist movement. In addition to practical journals, there appeared modern social magazines aimed at dissemination of a feminist ideology and a new approach to women’s problem. In the paper a new methods of investigation of women’s press and the obtained results are examined.
Metody analizy treści w etnolingwistycznych badaniach tekstów prasowych
Authors: Zięba Anna
Published: September 2022

The objective of this paper is to present the research methods that could be applied in contrastive ethnolinguistic studies focused on finding elements that would prove the influence of national culture on news texts produced in a given cultural and linguistic environment. The discussion concerns mostly linguistic methods: Fowler’s semantic and syntactic analysis, van Dijk’s analysis of thematic and schematic structure, Bell’s analysis of discourse structure of press news, Critical Discourse Analysis, contrastive studies and Żydek-Bednarczuk’s linguistic analysis of texts. Additionally, a method with traditions in media studies, i.e. content analysis is also included in the discussion. We conclude with the description of the chosen research method, justification of the author’s choice and an example of putting the theory into practice.
Casa Xuecha, la experiencia de tejer lo comunitario desde la PRS y Voluntariado. Un ejercicio que permite la transformación.
Authors: SÁNCHEZ SALAMANCA LEIDY KATHERINE , García Salguero Karen Valentina , Rojas Triana Erika Dayana , Márquez Barreto Claudia Nataly , Arias Perales Ildefonso , Vásquez Vásquez Luz Dary
Published: September 2022

Se presenta un proceso de sistematización de experiencias con el fin de analizar la participación en el programa Casa Xuecha de los practicantes de responsabilidad social y los voluntarios del Centro de Educación para el Desarrollo de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, a propósito de las transformaciones psicocomunitarias. El análisis se realiza con base en cinco momentos metodológicos: el punto de partida de la experiencia, formulación de un plan de sistematización, recuperación del proceso vivido, reflexiones de fondo y la construcción de los puntos de llegada. En el ejercicio de investigación se evidenció que el estudiante es consciente de aspectos comunicativos, afectivos y relacionales, ya que los estudia, los fortalece y los aplica, para así generar un aprendizaje significativo que les aporta no solo a las personas con las que realiza su acompañamiento, sino a su vida personal y profesional. Además, se logró concluir que el proceso de trasformación social a través de estos ejercicios permite realizar una observación y una reflexión crítica frente a la realidad social.