bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La biennale di Venezia
Authors: Vázquez Angélica González
Published: June 2021

En este artículo de reflexión proponemos abordar la historia de la Bienal de Venecia a través de varios enfoques, el primero en relación a la historia de su modelo expositivo, el segundo en relación a la construcción de la memoria del evento a través de su archivo histórico y el tercero en relación a su actualidad a través de la última versión presentada, la 58ª Bienal de Venecia que lleva por título May you live in interesting times.  El artículo busca situar la importancia de este mega-evento aún en tiempos de coyunturas difíciles que no constituyen una excepción de la actualidad sino son consustanciales a la trayectoria de esta institución.
O espaço social da arte contemporânea e os trabalhos in situ nas exposições periódicas
Authors: Machado Tiago
Published: June 2021

É cada vez mais comum que as obras apresentadas em exposições periódicas sejam realizadas sob demanda e produzidas no próprio local de sua exibição. Este artigo propõem uma reflexão sobre a estrutura destes locais de exposição e suas consequências para o trabalho ali apresentado. Para isso tomo como referência histórica o conceito de trabalho in situ, desenvolvido por Daniel Buren e o resultado de seus trabalhos apresentados na documenta de Kassel em 1972 e na Bienal de São Paulo, nas edições de 1983 e 1985. O resultado deste processo aponta para a centralidade da figura do curador como responsável por uma obra de arte de novo tipo: a exposição. Esta reconfiguração do espaço social da arte, por sua vez, aponta para uma modificação estrutural do sistema da arte, marcado pela aceleração do tempo e fragmentação dos espaços expositivos, fenômeno frequentemente associado à expressão “bienalização” da arte contemporânea.
d is for democracy?
Authors: Buurman Nanne
Published: June 2021

As part of a larger study on documenta as a Haunted Exhibition, my article proposes a revision of the historiography produced by and about the recurring large-scale exhibition, founded 1955 in Kassel. By rehabilitating a selection of the modern abstract art that was ostracized in the ‘Third Reich’ as ‘Jewish-Bolshevist’ degeneration, the early documenta editions contributed to the construction of a binary historiographic fairy tale of ‘good’ (i.e. democratic) abstraction vs. ‘bad’ (i.e. totalitarian) realism, which has often been discussed with regard to US-American cultural politics of reeducation in Germany. Taking a closer look at the biographies of documenta’s founding fathers and the ‘Germanic’ genealogies of their historiographic practices, however, I seek to complicate this success story of documenta as an arbiter of democracy, whose makers were claiming a radical break with the Nazi past. Highlighting the show’s continuities with German nationalism before, during and after the Nationalist Socialist regime, both on an ideological and a personal level, I will argue that documenta not only served as a ‘weapon of the Cold War’, but also as a washing machine for German (art) history, including the biographies of its historians and curators, who thus managed to distract attention from their former Nazi associations by deploying abstraction as a detergent, whose capacity for political resignification allowed for its recuperation by different ideological regimes. The article traces the continuous attempts by a network of nationalist documenta co-founders to brand abstraction as something specifically German before, during and after the NS and discusses how this part of modern art’s history in Germany was largely overwritten by the general perception of an ‘Americanization' of abstraction after World War II.
Paris’ Biennale (1959-85)
Authors: Glicenstein Jérôme
Published: June 2021

The Biennale of Paris was created in 1959, at the beginning of André Malraux’s tenure as Minister of Culture. It was intended as a way of promoting France’s interests on the global art scene and its main difference with other such events had to do with its emphasis on the emerging artists. The first editions of the Biennale were organized by Raymond Cogniat and Jacques Lassaigne who were both civil servants and whose career had started at a time when Paris’ role was supposed to be central in the art world. By the end of the 1960s when this was obviously no longer the case, Paris’ Biennale evolved in another direction, that of an event of a more experimental and political nature, and even more so after the art critic Georges Boudaille replaced Lassaigne in 1971. After the creation of the Centre Pompidou in 1977 and the arrival of Jack Lang as the new Minister of Culture in the early 1980s, the Biennale entered a major identity crisis that eventually caused its disappearance in 1985, after having tried to expand on a larger scale for its last edition.
WHATSAPP COMO MEIO DE PROVA NO JUDICIÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Carvalho Martins Eduardo , Schelive Correia Italo
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo buscou analisar a integridade das mensagens do aplicativo WhatsApp como meio de prova judicial. Tendo em vista que o aplicativo vem comumente sendo utilizado como meio de prova na justiça brasileira, este trabalho demonstra que diante dos avanços tecnológicos que o aplicativo possui não se faz possível verificar a integridade das mensagens de uma conversação no app e que o conteúdo contido no celular da pessoa que se foi extraído as mensagens é tido como verdadeiro, contudo, com possibilidade de ter sido modificado. Este artigo também expõe – mas sem o objetivo de ensinar – técnicas que podem ser usadas para editar o conteúdo das mensagens. Demonstra também a possibilidade de se ter lavrada uma ata notarial com conteúdos manipulados que podem vir a serem utilizados em um processo judicial como prova pré-constituida com fé pública. Por fim, também é demonstrado que mesmo as mensagens sendo analisadas e extraídas por perito também há o risco de que o conteúdo tenha sido editado.

Palavras-Chave: Ata Notarial; Direito; Informática; Meios de Prova; Redes Sociais.
PEMETAAN POTENSI KERENTANAN PENCEMARAN AIR PERMUKAAN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN SANITASI LINGKUNGAN DI KABUPATEN BULELENG (Mapping on the potential vulnerability of surface water pollution for environmental sanitation control in Buleleng Regency)
Authors:   Magister Geografi Minat Perencanaan Pengelolaan Pesisir dan Daerah Aliran Sungai (MPPDAS), Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Wicaksono Arief , Dwi Jayanto Galih ,   Magister Geografi Minat Perencanaan Pengelolaan Pesisir dan Daerah Aliran Sungai (MPPDAS), Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: June 2021

One of the efforts to prevent water pollution is done by mapping of potential pollution vulnerability to support water quality control policy making. The research location is in Panas Sub-watershed, a part of the Saba Watershed which originates on the northwest slope of the Bratan Volcano Complex and upstream is Lake Tamblingan, Buleleng Regency. The objectives of the study include: 1) mapping the parameters of potential surface water pollution vulnerability, 2) mapping land cover changes in 2000 and 2016, 3) mapping the potential surface water pollution vulnerability and its dynamics in 2000 and 2016, and 4) formulating a management recommendation to control surface water pollution. Mapping the potential surface water pollution vulnerability was conducted by GIS and Point Count System Model (PCSM) method using parameters of slope, land cover, and annual average rainfall. The results showed that some of the upstream and middle areas of the Panas Sub-watershed were categorized as high potential vulnerability caused by steep slopes, plantation cover, and annual average rainfall of 2,251 - 2,500 mm/year. Various recommendations to control surface water pollution are conducting integrated waste management individually or in groups, such as collectively septic tank construction, waste disposal organization, and waste water management installation; providing directions for appropriate land cultivation for farmers so that the pollutant load due to the use of pesticides could be controlled; as well as controlling and supervising the tourist area around Tamblingan Lake.
PREDIKSI DEBIT SUNGAI BENGAWAN SOLO MENGGUNAKAN NUMERICAL WEATHER MODEL GLOBAL FORECAST SYSTEM DAN INTEGRATED FLOOD ANALYSIS SYSTEM (Prediction of discharge in Bengawan Solo River using Numerical Weather Model Global Forecast System and Integrated Flood Analysis System)
Authors:   Stasiun Meteorologi Iskandar Kotawaringin Barat, Munadiyat Putri Deffi , Kristianto Aries ,   Program Studi Meteorologi, Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
Published: June 2021

Flood is one of the most common hydro-meteorological disasters. Bengawan Solo is one of the watersheds in Indonesia that also hit by this disaster. This study discusses the flood disaster in the Bengawan Solo area in early March 2019. The purpose of this study is to conduct a discharge simulation using numerical weather model Global Forecast System (GFS) data through Integrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS) so it is possible to predict discharge in the future. There are three types of numerical weather model GFS data that have been downscale using weather research and forecasting model which differentiated based on spin-up time. The numerical weather model product is then used as rainfall data input for IFAS simulation. Based on the analysis, the flood discharge simulation using an 84-hour spin-up time has a satisfactory performance in describing the change in discharge with respect to time. This happens because numerical weather models will be better at quantifying processes that occur on a meso scale with spatial scale of 10 to 1000 km. The result of this research shows that it is possible to predict river discharge up to 84 hours before the disaster so this is can support the mitigation process for hydrometeorological disasters.
PENENTUAN PARAMETER KUNCI KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI BEDADUNG KABUPATEN JEMBER MENGGUNAKAN WATER QUALITY INDEX (Key determination of water quality parameter in Bedadung River, Jember Regency using water quality index method)
Authors:   Jurusan Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Jember, Novita Elida , Priambada Dwija Kusuma Satria , Andiananta Pradana Hendra ,   Magister Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Jember
Published: June 2021

Determinion function of key parameters of water quality representing many parameters can be used to determine the water quality status . The purpose of the study were to analyse water quality status using Water Quality Index from Ministry of Environment of Mongolia and to select key parameter of water quality with discriminant analysis at Bedadung River. This research used 25 parameters (physicochemical and microbiology) were taken from 5 water sampling location at the period of 2016 to 2019. Location of water quality sampling were in urban area i.e. Patrang, Sumbesari, and Kaliwates Sub-district. The results showed that the water quality status calculation of the Bedadung River in urban area segment was 0.70 - 2.00 in clean and lightly - moderately polluted category. The key parameters from discriminant analysis were TSS, cobalt, sulfide, and chlorine. The most polluted parameters were sulfide and chlorine. The source of chlorine and sulfide pollution in Bedadung River were solid waste domestic exposure. Recommendation to reduce the level of contamination caused by garbage is development of small dam to facilitate the cleaning of garbage on the current season drought and education of the public to not throw garbage or waste in the Bedadung River.
IDENTIFIKASI PERILAKU DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENCEMARAN AIR SUNGAI BEDADUNG DI JEMBER, JAWA TIMUR (Identification of communities behavior and perception on water pollution at Bedadung River in Jember, East Java)
Authors: Ika Puspitasari Amelia , Novita Elida , Andiananta Pradana Hendra , Hery Purnomo Bambang , Setiyo Rini Titien ,   Program Studi Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya
Published: June 2021

Bedadung River is used as sources of raw water by The Drinking Water Company (PERUMDAM) and also for agricultural irrigation. The urban segment of Bedadung River flows through Patrang, Sumbersari and Kaliwates Districts. The burden of pollution in the Bedadung River is increasing along with community activities. Apart from anthropogenic activities originating from domestic waste, sources of pollution in the Bedadung River are also come from agricultural activities (fertilizer and pesticides), industrial activities, population growth, organic and inorganic waste, urban development and weak management systems. The research objectives were to identify the behavior and perception of the urban segment communities on water pollution at Bedadung River. This study used primary data from survey using 400 respondents and secondary data from some institutions. Survey showed that majority of the respondents through away garbage to channel and river, however for feces disposal, 75% of the communities already had toilets. Based on community perceptions the current status of the Bedadung River is 58% polluted, 7% unknown, and 36% is good. This perception is based on Bedadung River water conditions such as the presence of garbage, water clarity and water odor. In order to maintain the environmental quality of the Bedadung River, the community and related stakeholders have carried out river cleaning activities on a sustainable basis. This preliminary study is expected to provide preliminary information on managing community-based river water quality in a sustainable manner.
Dynamic Connectedness and Portfolio Diversification during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Evidence from the Cryptocurrency Market
Authors: Nasreen Samia , Tiwari Aviral Kumar , Yoon Seong-Min
Published: June 2021

This paper examines interlinkages and hedging opportunities between nine major cryptocurrencies for the period between 30 September 2015 and 4 June 2020, which notably includes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak lasting from early 2020 through the end of the sample period. The results of dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) analysis using a minimum connectedness approach show a high degree of correlation between cryptocurrencies throughout the sample period. However, the correlations reach their minimum values during the COVID-19 pandemic, which indicates that cryptocurrencies acted as a hedge or safe haven during the stressful period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The weight of cryptocurrencies was significantly reduced and their hedging effectiveness varied greatly during the pandemic, which indicates that investors’ preferences changed during the COVID-19 period.
Incorporating Health Equity Into COVID-19 Reopening Plans: Policy Experimentation in California
Authors: Largent Emily A. , Persad Govind , Mello Michelle M. , Wenner Danielle M. , Kramer Daniel B. , Edmonds Brownsyne Tucker , Peek Monica
Published: June 2021

California has focused on health equity in the state’s COVID-19 reopening plan. The Blueprint for a Safer Economy assigns each of California’s 58 counties into 1 of 4 tiers based on 2 metrics: test positivity rate and adjusted case rate. To advance to the next less-restrictive tier, counties must meet that tier’s test positivity and adjusted case rate thresholds. In addition, counties must have a plan for targeted investments within disadvantaged communities, and counties with more than 106 000 residents must meet an equity metric.

California’s explicit incorporation of health equity into its reopening plan underscores the interrelated fate of its residents during the COVID-19 pandemic and creates incentives for action.

This article evaluates the benefits and challenges of this novel health equity focus, and outlines recommendations for other US states to address disparities in their reopening plans.
Modeling landslide susceptibility and landslide volume per geomorphologic landform unit
Authors: Paulin Gabriel Legorreta , Anaya Rocio Marisol Alanis , Contreras Trevor , Salinas Lilia Arana
Published: June 2021

The analysis of landslide susceptibility and landslide volumes in landforms can provide information for planning disaster management in an area. Landslide susceptibility per landform unit and the potential contribution of material delivered from each unit was calculated for a 105 km2 watershed on the south flank of Pico de Orizaba volcano, Mexico. The landslide susceptibility is calculated from the area and frequency of landslides. The volume is obtained from detailed geometric values of shallow landslides in order to establish an empirical relationship that takes the form of a power law from which the potential volume of all shallow landslides is calculated for the watershed. The study shows that most of the landslides are on volcanic landform units; however, the landslides in sedimentary units contribute more sediments per square kilometer. It also shows that landform units can be used to explain the predisposition and variability of landslide sediment production for a large and complex geological watershed.
Staphylococcus Pasteuri (BCVME2) Resident In Buffalo Cervical Vaginal Mucus (CVM) - A Potential Source of Estrus-Specific Sex Pheromone(s)
Authors: Sriniva Mahalingam , Rengarajan R. L. , Dhanasekaran D. , Akbarsha M. A. , Archunan Govindaraju
Published: June 2021

There are microbes resident in the reproductive tract, some of which could be pathogenic while a few others would, perhaps, play important roles in protecting the reproductive tract from infections. Volatile compounds are known to play role as sex pheromones that attract the males for coitus during estrus or heat. It is likely that these compounds themselves are secondary metabolites of the bacterial flora resident in the vagina. In order to substantiate this hypothesis, bacteria were isolated from cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) of buffalo during various phases of the oestrous cycle and identified, based on morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics, as Bacillus during preestrus as well as diestrus, and Staphylococcus during all phases of the oestrous cycle. But, the populations of Staphylococcus differed between different phases of the oestrous cycle, the predominant forms being S. warneri (BCVMPE1_1) during preestrus, S. pastueri (BCVME2) during oestrus and S. epidermis (BCVMDE3) during diestrus. Mice, when used as sensors, efficiently differentiated the oestrus-specific S. pastueri (BCVME2) from the others. HS-GC-MS analysis showed that S. pastueri (BCVME2) produces key volatile compounds viz., acetic, propanoic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric and valeric acids. In addition, it is evidenced that S. pasteuri (BCVME2) volatiles influence the sexual behaviours such as flehmen and mounting of the bull. Thus, the paper reports that S. pasteuri (BCVME2) is the potential source of vaginal pheromone(s) during oestrus in buffalo.
A Randomised Trial: BIS-Guided Anesthesia Decreases The Incidence of Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery And Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorder But Not Postoperative Delirium
Authors: Chen Xingqu , Li Linji , Yang Li , Li Aijiao , Wu Miao , Yu Deshui
Published: June 2021

Background. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) renamed of delayed neurocognitive recovery (up to 30 days) and postoperative neurocognitive disorder (up to 12 months), is a frequent complication of the neurological system associated with poor outcome. This randomised controlled trial was aimed to determine whether bispectral (BIS) monitoring has a correlation with delayed neurocognitive recovery, postoperative neurocognitive disorder, or postoperative delirium (POD).Methods.100 patients were assigned to the BIS group and 97 patients were assigned to the control group in the study. The BIS index was kept in 40-60 in the BIS group, and the depth of anesthesia in the control group was maintained according to anesthetists’ clinical experiences. The cognitive function was evaluated from the first day to the seventh day after the operation and the time of discharge, 1 month, 6th month and 1 year after the operation.Results. The incidence of delayed neurocognitive recovery (3% vs 21.6%, P＜0.001, at 7th day) (1% vs 21.1%, P＜0.001, at 1 month) and postoperative neurocognitive disorder (6.2% vs 21.3%, P=0.002, at 6th month) (4.4% vs 16.3% ,P=0.009, at 1 year) are lower in BIS group. While there is no significant difference between two group in POD (12% vs 19.6%, P=0.144). The average value of intraoperative BIS were lower in BIS group (43.75 vs 50.69,P＜0.001). The postoperative hospitalisation time （9.99 vs 12.41, P＜0.001) and the mortality (5.4% vs 14.4%, P=0.042) was significantly decreased while the satisfaction is higher in BIS group (39% vs 24.7%, P=0.009). Conclusions. Using BIS can decrease delayed neurocognitive recovery and postoperative neurocognitive disorder, while it is not associated with POD. BIS-monitoring can validly lessen the postoperative hospitalisation and mortality, and increase the satisfaction of patients.Clinical trial registration. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000032463. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=33065
Spin-Orbit Coupling Effects on Transport Properties of Electronic Lieb Lattice in the Presence of Magnetic Field
Authors: Sadeghi Elham , Rezania Hamed
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the transport properties of a two-dimensional Lieb lattice that is a line-centered square lattice are investigated in the presence of magnetic field and spin-orbit coupling. Specially, we address the temperature dependence of electrical and thermal conductivities as well as Seebeck coefficient due to spin-orbit interaction. We have exploited Green’s function approach in order to study thermoelectric and transport properties of Lieb lattice in the context of Kane-Mele model Hamiltonian. The results for Seebeck coefficient show the sign of thermopower is positive in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. Also the temperature dependence of transport properties indicates that the increase of spin-orbit coupling leads to decrease thermal conductivity however the decrease of gap 1 parameter causes the reduction of thermal conductivity. There is a peak in temperature dependence of thermal conductivity for all values of magnetic fields and spin-orbit coupling strengths. Both electrical and thermal conductivities increase with increasing the temperature at low amounts of temperature due to the increasing of transition rate of charge carriers and excitation of them to the conduction bands. Also we have studied the temperature dependence of spin susceptibility of Lieb monolayer due to both spin orbit coupling and magnetic field factors in details.
Systematic Quantitative Evaluation of Plan-IQ for Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy After Modified Radical Mastectomy
Authors: Chen Kunzhi , Zheng Zhuangzhuang , Ding Lijuan , Tao Na , Wang Libo , Xia Wenming , Wang Huidong , Jiang Xin
Published: June 2021

Background and purpose: A systematic quantitative evaluation of the quality change of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using the Plan-IQ feasibility tool was performed for modified radical mastectomy.Materials and methods: We selected 50 patients with breast cancer treated with IMRT. All patients received the same dose in the planning target volume (PTV). Two plans were designed for each patient: the clinically accepted normal plan group (NP group) and the repeat plan group (RP group). An automated planning strategy was generated using a Plan-IQ feasibility dose volume histogram (FDVH) in RP group. These plans were assessed according to the dosimetry parameters. A detailed scoring strategy was based on the RTOG9804 report and 2018 National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, combined with clinical experience.Results: PTV coverage in both groups was achieved at 100% of the prescribed dose. Except for the thyroid coverage, the dose limit of organs at risk (OAR) in RP group was significantly better than that in NP group. In the scoring analysis, the total score of RP group decreased compared to that of NP group (P < 0.05), and the individual scores of PTV and OAR significantly changed. PTV score in RP group decreased (P < 0.01); however, OAR score improved (P < 0.01).Conclusions: The Plan-IQ FDVH was useful for evaluating a class solution for IMRT planning. Plan-IQ can automatically help physicians design the best OAR protection plan, which sacrifices part of PTV, while still meeting clinical requirements.
Training about Mental Disorder and Screening/Assessment Associated with Knowledge/Experience in Public Health Workers in Japan
Authors: Narita Zui , Yamanouchi Kazuo , Mishima Kazuo , Kamio Yoko , Ayabe Naoko , Kakei Ryoko , Kim Yoshiharu
Published: June 2021

Background

Training non-specialist workers in mental healthcare improves knowledge, attitude, skills, and confidence as well as clinical practice and skills. However, still little information is available on what type of mental health training is specifically associated with the improvement of such capacities. Japan reportedly has a poor quality of community mental health, and such information is crucial to improve the mental health service.
Methods

We studied web-based survey data of 495 public health workers in Japan to examine training types associated with knowledge/experience to support individuals with mental disorders. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between lack of knowledge/experience (outcome) and mental health training (exposure). We fitted three regression models. Model 1 evaluated unadjusted associations. Model 2 adjusted for age and sex. Model 3 adjusted for age, sex, years of experience, mental health full-time worker status, and community population.
Results

For all training types, the association between lack of knowledge/experience and mental health training attenuated as the model developed (i.e., Model 1 showed the smallest odds ratio). In Model 3, lack of knowledge/experience was significantly associated only with training about mental disorder and screening/assessment (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33–0.90: and OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40–0.97, respectively).
Conclusions

We believe that the present study provides meaningful information that training about mental disorder and screening/assessment may lead to knowledge/experience of public health workers. Further studies should employ a longitudinal design with a larger sample.
Drain Current Model for a Single Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor with Hetero-Dielectric Gate (HDG)
Authors: SINGH AJAY Kumar , Fui Tan Chun , Soong Lim Way
Published: June 2021

Purpose: A TFET (Tunnel Field Effect Transistor) is a potential candidate to replace CMOS in deep-submicron region due to its lower SS (subthreshold swing, <60 mV/decade) at room temperature. However, the conventional TFET suffers from low tunneling current and high ambipolar current. To overcome these two drawbacks a new structure, known as Hetero-dielectric gate TFET (HDG TFET), has been proposed in the literature. Method: To analyze the electrical characteristics of this structure, a closed form of analytical expression of current is required. This paper presents the closed form of compact analytical current model for HDG TFET structure without using any iterative method. Result: The developed compact analytical models show a good agreement with 2-D TCAD simulator results. The model is used to study in depth about the electrical behavior of the device under various physical variation as well as bias variation. Conclusion: The proposed model can be incorporated into SPICE to describe the behavior of HDG TFET faster.
SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody has Better Diagnostic Sensitivity than IgM and IgG
Authors: Cui Shujuan , Wang Meiyu , Nie Jianhui , Zhao Chenyan , Shen Lingyu , Wu Jiajing , Wang Youchun , Huang Weijin , Chen Lijuan
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 has spread worldwide. However, SARS-CoV-2 serological markers, which usually important indicators of disease progression, remains to be studied. To determine serological patterns during infection and their corresponding influencing factors, we conducted a cohort study including 115 patients with COVID-19 from 41 hospitals. The study included measuring IgM, IgG, and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) in serum, conducting epidemiological survey of the subjects, and retrieving clinical indicators from electronic medical records. We found NAb had the highest seroconversion rate (79.61%), followed by IgG (60.42%), and IgM (26.56%). Seroconversion rate peaked 20–40 d post-infection with NAb reaching 100%. The Geometric mean of NAb ID50 is 201 (30 to 6271). The NAb titer was positively correlated with duration of infection (p = 0), IgM (p = 0.016), and IgG (p = 0). Compared with IgM or IgG, NAb has better diagnostic sensitivity and serological patterns are valuable for clinical diagnosis and disease monitoring.
Effects of Esmolol on Vascular Waterfall Phenomenon in Septic Shock Patients by Bedside Measurement of Critical Closure Pressure and Mean Systemic Filling Pressure: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Liu Zehan , Pan Chuanliang , Liu Jianping , Liu Hui , Xie Hui
Published: June 2021

Background

To explore the effect of esmolol on the vascular waterfall phenomenon and body oxygen supply and demand in septic shock patients by bedside measurements of critical closure pressure (Pcc) and mean systemic circulation filling pressure (Pmsf).
Methods

Enrolled in the Intensive Care Medicine Unit (ICU) of the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu City/Southwest Jiaotong University Hospital from August 2019 to January 2021, admitted to our department for infectious shock. Adults with endotracheal intubation, invasive ventilator-assisted ventilation, pulse-indicated continuous cardiac output monitoring (PiCCO) catheters and deep venous catheters placed for medical reasons.
Results

After 24 hours of initial hemodynamic optimization, 56 patients were finally enrolled. After heart rate control with esmolol, patients had a significant decrease in cardiac index (CI) (4.0 vs. 3.3 L/min/m2, p < 0.001), a significant increase in stroke index (SI) (34.1 vs. 36.6 ml/m2, p < 0.01), and a significant decrease in heart rate (HR) (116.8 vs. 90.6 beats/min, p < 0.001). After 1 hour of treatment with esmolol, patients had a significant increase in Pcc (31.4 vs 36.7 mmHg, p < 0.01). The difference between Pcc and Pmsf before and after treatment was statistically different (4.0 vs 10.0 mmHg, p < 0.01). After heart rate control with esmolol, the patients had a significant increase in the body circulation vascular resistance indices (RIs) (15.14 vs 18.25 mmHg/min/m2-L-1, p < 0.001). There was an increase in ScvO2 in patients after treatment with esmolol, but the difference was not statistically significant (68.4% vs 69.8%, p > 0.05), while Pcv-aCO2 was significantly lower (6.3 vs 4.9 mmHg, p < 0.001) and patients had a significant decrease in blood lactate levels (4.0 vs 3.6 mmol/L, p < 0.05) .
Conclusion

Patients with septic shock whose heart rate was still greater than 95 beats/min after hemodynamic optimization were treated with esmolol, which could effectively control heart rate and reduce CI, as well as improve Pcc and increase the difference between Pcc and Pmsf, without affecting MAP, CVP, Pmsf and arteriovenous vascular resistance, and improve the balance of oxygen supply and demand in the body.
Effect of Aureobasidium Pullulans S-2 on the Postharvest Microbiome of Tomato During Storage
Authors: Shi Yu , Yang Qiya , Zhao Qianhua , Dhanasekaran Solairaj , Ahima Joseph , Zhang Xiaoyun , Zhou Siqi , Droby Samir , Zhang Hongyin
Published: June 2021

Background: Biological control of fruit postharvest diseases by antagonistic microorganisms has been considered an effective alternative to chemical fungicides. The influence of microbial antagonists on fruit-associated microbiome will provide a new perspective for in-depth study of the antagonistic mechanism. In this study, the biocontrol efficacy of A. pullulans S-2 against postharvest diseases of tomatoes was investigated. Meanwhile, the fungal and bacterial microbiota on tomato surfaces were examined by high-throughput sequencing. Results: A. pullulans S-2 can significantly inhibit the decay rate, maintain fruit firmness and reduce weight loss of tomatoes. In addition, the treatment group can maintain higher titratable acid, ascorbic acid and lycopene than the control group. After using A. pullulans S-2, more dramatic changes were observed in fungal diversity than bacterial in the microbiota. Aureobasidium was significantly enriched in the treatment group, while Cladosporium, Mycosphaerella, Alternaria and Penicillium were deficient compared with the control group. Pantoea, Brevibacterium, Brachybacterium, Serratia, Glutamicibacter and Pseudomonas also had significant differences between the two groups.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the application of A. pullulans S-2 resulted in alterations in the bacterial and fungal community and that could inhibit pathogens and decrease fruit disease incidence. It provides new insights into the dynamics of the tomato's surface microbiome after microbial antagonist treatment.
The Interaction Effects of BMI and Dyslipidemia for Hypertension in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Tang Na , Ma Jian , Tao Rongqin , Chen Zhijun , Yang Yide , He Quanyuan , Lv Yuan , Lan Zelong , Zhou Junhua
Published: June 2021

Background:Body mass index(BMI) is a commonly used international standard to measure body fat or thinness and health,and dyslipidemia is the metabolic abnormalities of lipoprotein in the human body,which are often considered have associated with high blood pressure.In this study,we explored the relationship between BMI or dyslipidemia and the risk of hypertension and further verified the possible interacting influences of BMI with dyslipidemia on the risk of hypertension.The aim is to explore the possible risk factors of hypertension and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.Methods:Eligible subjects were selected from a cross-sectional survey in Changsha City, and we collected relevant data and clinical indicators for each participant.Body mass index(BMI) was calculated as weight (kg)/height2 (m2),and divided into four categories according to the Chinese standard.Dyslipidemia is defined according to Chinese guideline.The following indicators were used to assess the interaction effects:(1)Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI);(2)Attributable proportion due to interaction(AP);(3)Synergy index (SI). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 2740 eligible participants were enrolled in the cross-sectional study, of which 765 subjects (27.9%) were diagnosed with hypertension.Multivariate Logistic model showed that overweight or obese subjects had a significantly higher risk of hypertension than normal weight people, and low body weight was a protective factor for hypertension(OR:0.52,95%CI:0.29-0.93).People with dyslipidemia have a higher risk of hypertension than those with normal lipids(OR:3.05,95%CI:2.36-3.90). In addition,there was a significant interaction between overweight or obesity and dyslipidemia(overweight:RERI(1.91,95%CI 0.17-3.66),AP(0.40,95%CI 0.14-0.66),SI (2.03,95%CI 1.11-3.74) and obesity:RERI (2.20,95%CI 1.01-3.40), AP (0.38,95%CI 0.18-0.58),SI (1.84,95%CI 1.18-2.89), while no interaction was found between low body weight and dyslipidemia.Conclusion:Low body weight is an independent protective factor for hypertension, but overweight,obesity and dyslipidemia are risk factors for hypertension,and dyslipidemia significantly shared interactions with overweight and obesity that influenced the risk of hypertension.
Serum Lactate and Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: An Observational, Controlled Multicenter Study
Authors: Collange Olivier , LOPEZ Marc , LEJAY Anne , PESSAUX Patrick , OUATTARA Alexandre , DEWITTE Antoine , RIMMELE Thomas , GIRARDOT Thibaut , ARNAUDOVSKI Darko , AUGUSTIN Pascal , CHAKFE Nabil , TACQUARD Charles , OULEHRI Walid , ZIELESKIEWICZ Laurent , SEVERAC François , LEONE Marc , MERTES Paul Michel
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Early diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is key to survival but remains extremely difficult, as the symptoms are vague and non-specific. Although international guidelines recommend that serum lactate is not used for AMI diagnosis, this parameter is still specifically taken into account for the diagnosis and prognosis of AMI. Our hypothesis was that serum lactate levels cannot be used to diagnose AMI or predict its outcome.
Methods

This was an ancillary, retrospective, observational, controlled multicenter study, approved by an Ethics Committee. Patients with AMI at adult intensive care unit (ICU) admission were included (AMI group) and matched to ICU patients without AMI (control group). Matching criteria were center, period, gender, age, and severity. Serum lactate levels were measured on day 0 (D0) and day 1 (D1) and the lactate difference (D0-D1) was calculated.
Results

Two hundred and seventy-four patients were included. Serum lactate levels were elevated in both groups at D0 and D1 but there was no significant difference between groups at D0 (2.7 [1.3; 5.5] vs 3.4 [1.9; 6.1] mmol/L; p = 0.284), D1 (1.8 [1.2; 3.1] vs 2.4 [1.5; 4.6] mmol/L, p = 0.547; respectively for control and AMI groups) or D0-D1. Thus, the performance of serum lactate for AMI diagnosis was poor. Concerning AMI outcome, serum lactate levels predicted ICU death in both groups at D0 and D1.
Conclusions

no specific association was observed between serum lactate levels and AMI. Serum lactate should not be used for the diagnosis of AMI but may help assess disease severity.
Assessment of Land Use And Land Cover Change Detection And Prediction Using Remote Sensing And CA Markov In The Northern Coastal Districts of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: abijith Devanantham , Saravanan Subbarayan
Published: June 2021

Land use and land cover (LULC) change analysis and forecasting aids the upcoming generation in research and evaluate the global climate change for managing and controlling environmental sustainability. This research analyzes the Northern TN coast, which is under both natural and anthropogenic stress. The analysis of LULC changes and LULC projections for the region between 2009-2019 and 2019-2030 was performed utilizing Google Earth Engine (GEE), TerrSet, and Geographical Information System (GIS) tools. LULC image is generated from Landsat images and classified in GEE using Random Forest (RF). LULC maps were then framed with the CA- Markov model to forecast future LULC change. The CA-Markov’s Land change modeler (LCM) was set up to create future LULC. It was carried out in four steps: (1) Change analysis, (2) Transition potential, (3) Change prediction, and (4) Model validation. For analyzing change statistics, the study region is divided into zone 1 and zone 2. In both zones, the water body shows a decreasing trend, and built-up areas are in increasing trend. Barren land and vegetation classes are under stress and developing into built-up. The overall accuracy was above 89%, and the kappa coefficient was above 87% for all three years. This region is highly susceptible to inland floods, coastal floods, and other natural disasters; thus, this study’s results support future development plans and decision-making.
Analysis of Morphological and Molecular Genetic Diversity of Salicornia Iranica Akhani Wildlife Populations around Urmia Lake, Iran
Authors: Aghaei Mohammad , Hassani Abbas , Nazemiyeh Hossein , Mandoulakani Babak Abdollahi , Saadatian Mohammad
Published: June 2021

Salicornia is a halophyte plant capable of being irrigated with seawater, which can be used as an alternative food. Given this, it is necessary to study the potentials of this plant's morphological diversity in the natural environment. In this study, 33 wild populations of Salicornia were collected from different geographical areas around Urmia Lake during the flowering stage, and some morphological traits and 25 ISSR loci of the plant were measured. Based on morphological traits and the cluster analysis, Salicornia populations were divided into four groups. Overall, the high percentage of polymorphic gene loci (65.69%), the average number of effective alleles per gene locus (1.63), and the Shannon data index (0.540) indicate that ISSR markers can be used in Identify genetic diversity to be used. Molecular data cluster analysis divided the studied populations into two main groups, which included 12.12% and 87.88% of the populations, respectively. Based on the effective analysis of the population's genetic structure and the precise classification of individuals into suitable sub-populations, the value of K = 2 was calculated. The research findings indicated that markers UBC823, B, A7, and K, and with the Shannon index, effective allele, and large heterozygosity values are markers with the highest effectiveness compared to other markers utilized, and they are used better than other compounds in genetic distance. The findings of this study will aid in parental selection studies for breeding programs of salicornia in future.
The Face of Hypervirulent Klebsiella Pneumoniae (hvKp) Isolated from Clinical Samples of Two Iranian Teaching Hospitals
Authors: Sanikhani Rahimeh , Moeinirad Mohammad , Solgi Hamid , Haddadi Azar , Shahcheraghi Fereshteh , Badmasti Farzad
Published: June 2021

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has emerged as a pathogen of global concern. In this study, both phenotypic and genotypic tests were used to detect hvKp. Antimicrobial resistance profiles and clonal relatedness of clinical isolates were also determined. We found that 62.6% of the isolates were tellurite resistant and among them iucA or iutA or peg344 as hvKp molecular markers, were positive. The blaSHV (81.4%), followed by blaCTX−M15 (75.5%) and blaTEM (67.6%), blaOXA−48 (33.7%), blaNDM−1 (32.3%) were detected, while blaKPC−1 was not present in any hvKp isolates. It was found that the majority of hvKp isolates belonged to capsular serotype K20 and ompK36 group C, which is related to CG23 (e.g. ST23). A high percentage of multidrug-resistant hvKp (MDR-hvKp) and high resistance to imipenem (66%) indicated that there is an urgent problem that should be addressed in the clinical settings.
Molecular Mechanisms of Danhong Injection in Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Han Di , Xu Yong , Peng Wenpan , Wang Dan , Huang Tongxing , Zhou Xianmei , Shan Jinjun
Published: June 2021

Backgroud: Danhong injection has been proven to be reliable and practical in the clinical treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF), whereas the mechanism of action is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of Danhong injection in the treatment of PF through network pharmacology and experimental validation. Methods: In this paper, multiple databases were utilized to capture the targets of Danhong injection and PF disease-related targets. The interaction network such as active ingredient-target was constructed and protein interaction analysis was performed via Cytoscape software. Bioprocess and signaling pathway analysis of the targets was carried out through DIVID database. Based on the analytical results, pharmacodynamic validation and mechanistic investigation were conducted in mice. Results: In this study, 111 compounds and common targets for diseases were filtered, with key targets involving MDM2, IL-2, CCL5, AKT1, MMP9, CASP3, MMP2, etc. The KEGG and GO enrichment analysis identified 16 significantly different signaling pathways, encompassing bioprocesses such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, programmed death and immune response. Animal experiments demonstrated that Danhong injection could reduce bleomycin-induced PF in mice, and could decrease the mRNA of AKT1 and the protein expression of p-Pi3k and p-Akt, thereby reducing apoptosis in mouse lung tissues. Conclusions: This study initially revealed that Danhong injection may inhibit apoptosis through the Pi3k/Akt signaling pathway and thus reduce PF in mice.
The Olsenella Uli Induced Pneumonia: A Case Report
Authors: Yan Yufen , Li Hong , Li Shuai , Liu Shuhui , Jia Nan , Liu Yanfei , Liu Qing , Han Chunhua
Published: June 2021

Olsenella uli is a Gram-positive bacterium common in the oral cavity or gastrointestinal tract. Here we reported a first case of human pneumonia caused by the Olsenella uli. The identification of Olsenella uli was based on micromorphology, sequence analysis and mass spectrometry analysis of the bacteria recovered from sputum. Ceftazidime，one of the third generation cephalosporins was used for the anti-infection treatment of the patient. CT results showed a significant improvement of the pulmonary lesion and pleural effusion and recovery from pulmonary infection after 10 days. The mechanism underlying Olsenella uli induced pneumonia is unclear, our report suggests a causative role of gingival bacteria in pathogenesis of pneumonia, and the intervention by Ceftazidime may offer a therapeutic strategy for Olsenella uli infection.
Documenting Response To COVID-Individual and Systems Successes and Challenges: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study
Authors: Shaukat Natasha , Ali Daniyal Mansoor , Hisam Butool , Hassan Sheza , Barolia Rubina , Afzal Badar , Khan Abdus Salam , Angez Meher , Razzak Junaid
Published: June 2021

Background

This feasibility study aimed to assess the use of WhatsApp for qualitative data collection to document the evolution of perceptions of frontline healthcare workers (FHCW) regarding their wellbeing and the quality of health systems' response to the COVID-19 pandemic over four months.
Methods

This was a prospective longitudinal qualitative study conducted during the four months coinciding with the peak and trough of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (June-September 2020). We approached frontline healthcare workers (physicians and nurses working in emergency departments) in two hospitals using the WhatsApp group of the Pakistan Society of Emergency Physicians (PSEM). We introduced the study and obtained consent using a google consent form. Each participant was asked to self-record their perception of their personal wellness and their level of satisfaction with the quality of their hospitals' response to the pandemic. Each participant sent their voice notes/audio-recording to a central WhatsApp number. We transcribed and analysed the recordings and identified themes and sub-themes, and the changes to these themes over six months.
Results

We invited approximately 200 FHCWs associated with PSEM to participate in the study. Of the 61 who agreed to participate, 27 completed the study. A total of 149 audio recordings were received and transcribed. Three themes and eight sub-themes have emerged from the data. The themes were individual-level challenges, health system-level challenges, and hope for the future. Sub-themes for individual-level challenges were: fear of getting or transmitting infection, financial stressors, stress due to turning away those patients who need care, anxiety due to the general public's lack of compliance with preventive measures, physical exhaustion, and fatigue. For the healthcare system, sub-themes were: issues with logistics and management of the hospital/healthcare system and lack of focus on providing air conditioning to address heat due to PPEs and sub-themes under hope for the future were the improved disease knowledge and vaccine development.
Conclusion

Despite a lower level of completion, our study identified possible use of a ubiquitously available mobile app to collect longitudinal real-time data from FHCWs during the initial period of the pandemic. The overall perceptions and experiences of FHCWs evolved from negative to positive as the curve of COVID-19 went down.