bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Exploratory Study on the Relations among Tourists’ Mindfulness, Healing Restorative Environment Perception, Attention Restoration, and the Quality of Life of Participants in a Nature-based Healing Program
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Jinok , Kim Nam Jo
Published: May 2019

As concerns for health increase, health-seeking tourists’ activities are increasing globally. In Korea, health-seeking activities based on nature have also increased significantly. To grasp this social phenomenon, therefore, this study delves into tourists’ healing psychology through empirical analysis focusing on tourists’ mindfulness, healing restorative environment, and the impacts on quality of life for participants in a nature-based healing program. This study found that healing tourists visiting “Forest Healing” ultimately improved their quality of life through their participation in the healing program. In detail, the higher the level of mindfulness, the greater the influence on nature emotional control, the healing restorative environment perception, and the greater the influence on attention restoration through healing restorative environment perception. Additionally, healing restorative environment perception and attention restoration influence on program satisfaction, and program satisfaction increased tourists’ quality of life. However, nature emotional control did not directly influence program satisfaction, but it indirectly influenced it through healing restorative environment perception. The results prove healing restorative environment is a very significant part in finding out the relations among tourists’ mindfulness, healing restorative environment, and the impacts on quality of life.
Curso modelado de nicho ecológico, version 1.0
Authors: Peterson A. Townsend , Anderson Robert P , Cobos Marlon E , Cuahutle Martín , Cuervo-Robayo Angela P , Escobar Luis E , Fernández Marc , Jiménez-García Daniel , Lira-Noriega Andrés , Lobo Jorge M , Machado-Stredel Fernando , Martínez-Meyer Enrique , Nuñez-Penichet Claudia , Nori Javier , Osorio-Olvera Luis , Rodríguez María Teresa , Rojas-Soto Octavio , Romero-Álvarez Daniel , Soberón Jorge , Varela Sara , Yañez-Arenas Carlos
Published: May 2019

El conjunto de ideas, métodos y programas informáticos que se conoce como “Modelado de Nicho Ecológico” (MNE)—y el relacionado “Modelado de Distribución de Especies” (MDS)—han sido objeto de intensa exploración e investigación en las últimas décadas. A pesar de existir al menos cuatro síntesis publicadas, este campo ha crecido tanto en complejidad, que la formación de nuevos investigadores es difícil. Hasta ahora, dicha formación se ha hecho de manera presencial en cursos organizados por universidades o centros de investigación, de los que hemos formado parte como instructores. Sin embargo, el acceso a este tipo de cursos especializados es restringido, por un lado, porque los cursos no se ofrecen en todas las universidades, y por otro, porque normalmente se imparten en inglés. Para facilitar el acceso a una mayor comunidad de científicos de habla hispana, presentamos un curso en español, completamente digital y de acceso gratuito, que se realizó vía Internet durante 23 semanas consecutivas en 2018. Aunque las barreras intrínsecas al uso de Internet pueden dificultar la accesibilidad a los materiales del curso, hemos usado diversos formatos para la divulgación de los contenidos académicos (video, audio, pdf) con el objetivo de eliminar la mayor parte de estos problemas.
Protocol for sampling and transport of nose- and thoratsamples in the Fit Futures study v2
Authors: Stensen Dina , Furberg Anne-Sofie , Olsen Karina , Skov Simonsen Gunnar , UE Sollid Johanna , Småbrekke Lars , Grimnes Guri , Sievert Nielsen Cristopher
Published: May 2019

The aim of the study is to evaluate prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in a youth population. This samples will be connected to other possible riskfactors for Staphylococcus aureus carriage.
Protocol for bacterial cultivation of nasal and throat samples in the Fit Futures study v2
Authors: Stensen Dina , Småbrekke Lars , Furberg Anne-Sofie , Olsen Karina , Grimnes Guri , Sivert Nielsen Cristopher , Skov Simonsen Gunnar , UE Sollid Johanna
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The aim of the study is to evaluate prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in a youth population. This samples will be connected to other possible riskfactors for Staphylococcus aureus carriage. Aim: Samples will be tested for methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and methichillin-resistent Staphylococcus aureus. Samples: Microbiological samples from anterior nares and throat from the protocol "Protocol for sampling and transport of nose- and thoratsamples in the Fit Futures study (DOI: dx.doi.org/0.17504/protocols.io.zaqf2dw).
Carbonic Anhydrase Activity Assay v1
Authors: C Koch Jack , Weis Virginia
Published: May 2019

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme which catalyzes the interconversion of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The activity levels of CA can be measured by taking advantage of the chemical reaction that it catalyzes. When CO2 is added to a tissue homogenate, the CA present converts the CO2 into HCO3- and a hydrogen ion (H+), which results in a decrease in pH. The rate at which the pH drops can be measured and converted into a CA activity mesaure. If there is no CA activity, the pH level decreases slowly and if there is a high CA activity, the pH decreases quickly.
Linear Block Coding and Discrete Wavelet Transform Based Audio Signal Transmission over AWGN and Rician Fading Channels
Authors: KARAGÖL Serap , YİLDİZ Dogan
Published: May 2019

Mobile communication
has become an important part of our daily lives for voice communication, data
sharing and access over the Internet. Mobile communication is an open network,
so maintaining the privacy and reliability of data has always been anxiety. The
reliability of the data against channel noise can be achieved by various error
correction codes. The purpose of the channel coding process is to reduce the
effect of some disruptive elements that the data is influenced in the
transmission phase as much as possible. This procedure ensures that the data is
delivered to the receiver with minimum error. In this study, a communication
system was established in MATLAB environment for the transmission of five
second audio signal. In this communication system, BER and MSE performances of
four phase shift keying methods are obtained first.  In the second phase of the study, the AWGN and
Rician fading channels were individually coded with four different LBC types.
Performance evaluation of these coding types was done with BER and MSE
criteria. In the last part of the study, it was investigated which wavelet
family is suitable for which level, in order to ensure audio transmission over
AWGN and Rician fading channels with the least possible error. Four wavelet
transform families at different levels were applied to the audio signal for LBC
(7, 4), LBC (15, 8), LBC (17, 8) and LBC (23, 12) encoded channels, and the
Mean Squared Error (MSE) performances were compared.
Anticancer Activity of Spirulina Cultivated in Walne and Organic Media
Authors: Sirait Putriana Sari , Setyaningsih Iriani , Tarman Kustiariyah
Published: May 2019

Spirulina is Cyanobacteria containing active components which is potentially showing anticancer activity. The purposes of this study were to determine anticancer activity and selectivity of crude extracts
of Spirulina cultured using Walne and organic media, and to detect the apoptosis. The stages of this study included cultivation and harvesting of Spirulina, active components extraction, anticancer test and apoptosis
detection. Anticancer activity was determined using MTT assay. The crude extracts of Spirulina from Walne and organic cultures contained active components of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. These
extracts were not toxic to normal breast cells (MCF-12a), but showed cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The crude extract of Spirulina from Walne culture had IC50 value of 36.23 ppm and selectivity index 30.07, while the IC50 of organic culture was 117.78 ppm and selectivity index 7.17. Detection of apoptosis with Hoechst dye 33342 showed the apoptotic activity of Spirulina crude extract against MCF-7 cells.
The Utilization of Seaweed Eucheuma cottonii in the Production of Antiseptic Soap
Authors: Baehaki Ace , Lestari Shanti Dwita , Hildianti Dica Fusva
Published: May 2019

The aim of study was to formulate solid soap made from Eucheuma cottonii seaweed which has antiseptic properties. This study used a Complate Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor adding extract
E. cottonii seaweed (0 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 750 ppm). The steps included sample preparation, extraction, production of antiseptic soap, chemical physics test (moisture content, pH, free alkali, foam stability, and hardness) and antibacterial test. The results showed that the addition of E. cottonii seaweed extract had a significant effect on free alkali, foam stability, and soap hardness except the moisture content
and acidity (pH) of the soap. Moisture content of solid soap ranged 20.03-27.62%, pH 11.22-11.57, the free alkali value was 0.05-0.53%, foam stability was 42.77-74.42%, and hardness was in the range of 102.10-387.84%. Antibacterial activity test showed inhibitory diameter in E. cottonii extract soap ranged 11.08-17.15 mm, classified as a strong antibacterial activity (> 11 mm), while the antibacterial inhibitory diameter of E. cottonii extract was 0–12.26 mm. The higher the concentration of seaweed extract E. cottonii, the higher the inhibition zone (antibacterial activity) of soap produced. The best treatment of antiseptic soap produced was seaweed extract with concentration of 750 ppm which had the highest inhibition zone against S. aureus compared to other treatments.
Effect of Pectin on the Characteristics of Edible Film from Skin Gelatin of Red Snapper (Lutjanus argentimaculatus)
Authors: Nurdiani Rahmi , Yufidasari Hefti Salis , Sherani Joys Sandralina
Published: May 2019

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of addition of pectin on characteristics of edible film from gelatin of red snapper (Lutjanus argentimacalatus) skin. Concentration of pectin used were 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1%. Water content, thickness, tensile strength, elongation, and the transmition rate of the water vapor of edible film were analysed. Results from analysis of variance showed that different concentration of pectin significantly affected (P<0.05) on the water content, thickness, tensile strength, elongation, and transmition rate of water vapor of edible film. Therefore, it was suggested that addition of 0.6% of pectin showed a good quality of edible film and in accordance with the Japan International Standard (JIS).
Factores asociados a la adherencia de suplementación con micronutrientes en niños menores de 3 años de las Aldeas SOS, San Juan de Lurigancho, 2017
Authors: Marcacuzco Caso Adriana , Vega Gonzáles Emilio Oswaldo , Mosquera Figueroa Zoila
Published: May 2019

Introducción: La suplementación con micronutrientes en niños menores de 3 años favorecen la reducción en la prevalencia de anemia infantil, por lo que es importante que este grupo tenga una adherencia apropiada al tratamiento brindado. Objetivo: Determinar cuáles son los factores asociados a la adherencia de la suplementación con micronutrientes en niños menores de 3 años de las Aldeas SOS, San Juan de Lurigancho. Material y métodos: La investigación tuvo un diseño no experimental, nivel correlacional y corte transversal. La muestra estuvo formada por 61 madres de niños menores de 3 años, en quienes se aplicó un cuestionario con 20 ítems. El análisis de datos se hizo utilizando el programa SPSS versión 24, y la prueba estadística fue el Chi cuadrado con un nivel de significancia de 0.05. Resultados: Los factores relacionados con el usuario con valor significativo fueron: reconocimiento de la importancia de los micronutrientes (p:0.002), tipo de preparaciones con las que se deben mezclar las chispitas (p:0.004), cantidad de cucharadas de alimento con las que se deben mezclar el suplemento (p:0.003), disponibilidad de tiempo (p:0.012) y el reconocimiento de los beneficios (p:0.004); mientras que en los factores relacionados con los micronutrientes, se encontraron: el estreñimiento (p: 0.00), el mal sabor de boca (p: 0.00), y el cambio en el sabor de los alimentos (p:0.00). Conclusión: Los factores relacionados con el usuario y los micronutrientes tienen asociación significativa con la adherencia al tratamiento.
Corioamnionitis por Cándida Albicans en gestante con trabajo de parto pretérmino y membranas íntegras
Authors: Figueredo Satizabal Maria Fernanda , Gomez Kafury Meliza , Paredes Aguirre Jorge Ricardo
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: Reportar un caso de Corioamnionitis Aguda causada por Cándida Albicans en una gestante portadora del dispositivo intrauterino. Revisar en la literatura la asociación de Cándida Albicans con trabajo de parto pretérmino y el desenlace a corioamnionitis; así como las consecuencias fetales y/o neonatales. Presentación del caso: Se da a conocer un caso de una paciente con gestación de 24 semanas, portadora de dispositivo intrauterino, con diagnóstico de trabajo de parto pretérmino y membranas íntegras; ecografía obstétrica con evidencia de signo Sludge y cervicometría de 16 mm, cultivo de líquido amniótico positivo para Cándida Albicans; resultado final de recién nacido pretérmino con candidiasis cutánea congénita. Discusión: A pesar de la elevada frecuencia de colonización vaginal por levaduras en gestantes, la infección ascendente y las complicaciones obstétricas son muy infrecuentes, con una incidencia descrita para corioamnionitis por especies de Cándida del 0,8%. Su presencia habitualmente se ha asociado a desenlaces perinatales graves como: candidiasis cutánea congénita, candidiasis sistémica, neumonía, meningitis y septicemia. Dentro de las opciones de manejo está el uso endovenoso de Anfotericina B o Fluconazol oral o endovenoso. Conclusiones: La infección intraamniótica ocasionada por Cándida Albicans es infrecuente, pero con desenlaces fetales y neonatales graves. Aún no existe consenso acerca de cuál es la aproximación terapéutica más adecuada para el manejo de las gestantes con dicho diagnóstico prenatal; sin embargo, prevalece la importancia de tratar oportunamente las infecciones vaginales por C. Albicans durante el embarazo, con el fin de disminuir los riesgos potenciales de corioamnionitis aguda por dicho germen.
José Antonio Saco: An Early Critic of Anti-Semitism
Authors: Silverstein Stephen
Published: May 2019

En el actual estudio, leo una carta publicada por el intelectual cubano José Antonio Saco en 1829 al lado de las Réflexions sur la question juive (1946) de Jean-Paul Sartre, ya que encuentro que las tesis centrales de estos dos ensayos tienen varios puntos de contacto. El ensayo de Sartre y su recepción, por otra parte, ayudará a deslindar dónde la carta de Saco anticipa la teoría crítica de la raza que surge posteriormente y varios casos en los cuales, a pesar de su perspicacia, Saco se equivoca. Habiendo resumido estas intersecciones, adopto la intervención ética de Emmanuel Levinas y sugiero que fue la relación empírica de cara a cara del cubano con un judío en Nueva York lo que motivó su meditación abierta y no convencional sobre el odio hacia el judío; en otras palabras, además de enseñarle inglés, el tutor judío de Saco le enseñó que, como decía Levinas, “puede existir un yo que no sea un yo mismo”.
RIELLE NAVITSKI. Public Spectacles of Violence: Sensational Cinema and Journalism in Early Twentieth-Century Mexico and Brazil. Durham: Duke University Press, 2017. 325 pp.
Authors: Serna Laura Isabel
Published: May 2019

r
Expediente
Authors: Keys Eugênia Magna Broseguini
Published: May 2019

Expediente do v. 10, n. 3, set./dez.2018
Crise, sujeito histórico e consciência de classe: uma abordagem meszariana
Authors: Souza Rafael Bellan Rodrigues de
Published: May 2019

A crise estrutural do sistema do capital (MÉSZÁROS. 2002) como se assevera no atual contexto histórico apresenta como seus mais graves sintomas o desemprego estrutural, a precarização do trabalho e a catastrófica destruição ambiental. Os movimentos sociais, mesmo operacionalizando suas demandas em torno de causas específicas, são capazes de se constituírem em classe quando adquirem, na luta, a percepção do alcance de sua força, em uma ação direcionada ao fortalecimento dos trabalhadores livremente associados. Assim, a consciência de classe necessária (MÉSZÁROS, 2008), fundamental aos processos transformadores, depende, não só da rica tarefa de criação de uma ideologia emancipatória, mas em uma série de mediações subjetivas/objetivas que avançam a consciência na medida em manipulam a própria totalidade no rumo de elaboração permanente de novas formas de sociabilidade.
A colonização vista por Marx: para além de alguns mal entendidos
Authors: Herrera Remy
Published: May 2019

Este artigo analisa a evolução das posições de Marx sobre a colonização. Ele enfatiza a invariante dessas reflexões, a saber, a denúncia da violência colonial. No ponto de partida, encontramos uma interpretação da colonização como um processo de modernização e civilização, então, gradualmente, como uma dinâmica de destruição-regeneração, ligada, ao mesmo tempo, à unificação do mundo e à marcha em direção à revolução. Por último, e especialmente, o autor identificaas inflexões sucessivas do pensamento de Marx -  resolutamente crítico da colonização - sobre questões coloniais e nacionais, o caráter não linear da história e a diferenciação das formações sociais.
Comunidades tradicionais e sindicatos em conflito com estado e capital em Barcarena (PA)
Authors: Hazeu Marcel Theodoor , Costa Solange Maria Gayoso da , Fialho Nascimento Nádia Socorro
Published: May 2019

Neste artigo apresenta-se o processo histórico de organização e resistência de comunidades tradicionais e de trabalhadores residentes no município de Barcarena (PA) frente à violação de seus direitos decorrentes da implantação de complexo industrial-portuário-urbanístico, iniciado na década de 1980, pelo Estado no exercício de ação funcional à territorialização do Capital na região. Como metodologia adotou-se a revisão bibliográfica e observações durante as audiências públicas que ocorreram nos anos 2017 e 2018 em processos de licenciamento e desastres ambiental. Conclui-se que, no contexto da restruturação produtiva, o protagonismo de comunidades tradicionais e trabalhadores e suas contradições possibilitaram forjar uma organização social e política que fortalece a resistência frente ao avanço do grande capital na Amazônia.
Estado neoliberal VS projeto democratizante: implicações na Política de Assistência Social Brasileira
Authors: Jales Paula Raquel Silva , Teixeira Solange Maria
Published: May 2019

Problematizam-se os direcionamentos da Nova Direita (neoliberalismo e neoconservadorismo) para a Política de Assistência Social brasileira, os quais perpassaram a construção de suas normativas e as disputas de sentidos com o projeto democratizante da Constituição Federal de 1988. Estas acentuam-se com as contrarreformas neoliberais do atual Governo, que vem desmontando as conquistas no setor. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica com base em literatura atualizada sobre a temática, além de figurar como pesquisa documental, ao lançar mão dos documentos que compõem a Política de Assistência Social na contemporaneidade. Infere-se que a ofensiva da Nova Direita significa precarização extrema das condições sociais da classe trabalhadora e maior concentração de renda da classe dominante.
Permanência e ruptura na proteção social brasileira no período recente
Authors: Marques Rosa Maria
Published: May 2019

O artigo analisa como algumas políticas sociais, previstas na Constituição, e que integram a Seguridade Social, foram conduzidas durante os governos Lula e Dilma e como foram colocadas em questão durante o governo Temer. São elas: a Previdência Social e a saúde pública. Além delas, são tratados o Programa Bolsa Família, a política com relação ao salário mínimo e o seguro desemprego, pois os dois primeiros constituíram carro chefe das políticas sociais empreendidas pelos governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores e o segundo sofreu restrições às portas da maior recessão da história do país. Para um contraponto e uma visão prospectiva, é examinada a EC 95, que congela o nível do gasto federal por 20 anos, e registrado como ela afeta as políticas sociais.
Sobre resistências, medo e esperança: os desafios para os movimentos sociais em tempos de crise da democracia
Authors: Serafim Lizandra
Published: May 2019

Artigo de debate.
Ética e Serviço Social
Authors: Anselmo Gisele Caroline Ribeiro
Published: May 2019

Texto seção resenha.
Evaluación de quitomax® en la emergencia, crecimiento y nutrientes de plántulas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Reyes Pérez Juan José , Enríquez-Acosta Emmanuel Alexander
Published: May 2019

La aplicación de bioestimulantes del crecimiento vegetal es una alternativa muy promisoria para la obtención de plántulas vigorosas en un menor tiempo. En este trabajo se evaluaron el efecto de la aplicación a semillas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) var. Amalia de varias concentraciones de Quitomax® (1000, 2000 y 3000 mg•L-1) y un tratamiento control con agua destilada en la emergencia, el crecimiento y los contenidos de nutrientes de plántulas de tomate resultante, con 15 días de edad. Se evaluaron la emergencia de las plántulas en el tiempo, las variables de crecimiento: longitud de la raíz, longitud y diámetro del tallo, la masa fresca y seca de la raíz y de la parte aérea (tallo y hojas), así como, los contenidos de los nutrientes nitrógeno, fósforo, potasio, calcio y magnesio Se aplicó un diseño de bloques al azar con tres réplicas por tratamientos. Los resultados mostraron que las plantas provenientes de semillas tratadas con Quitomax® tuvieron una emergencia más rápida, mayores raíces y tallos así como superiores masas frescas y secas que el tratamiento control. También mostraron mayores contenidos de nitrógeno, fosforo, potasio, calcio y magnesio que el control, siendo Quitomax® a 1000 mg•L-1 el mejor tratamiento.
Producción y rentabilidad de cuyes alimentados con arbustivas forrajeras tropicales en zona rural de Quevedo, Ecuador
Authors: Cabrera Verdesoto César Alberto , Meza Bone Carlos Javier , Mieles Cedeño Eva Moncerrate , Cabrera Verdezoto Rodrigo Paúl , Morán Morán Jessica Jessenia , Meza Bone Gary Alex
Published: May 2019

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el comportamiento productivo y rentabilidad de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) bajo el efecto de consumo de forrajeras tropicales (Morus alba, Erythrina poeppigiana y Tithonia diversifolia). Los tratamientos fueron T1= Balanceado ad libitum; T2= Balanceado 15 g + M. alba ad libitum; T3= Balanceado 15 g + E. poeppigiana ad libitum y T4= Balanceado 15 g + T. diversifolia ad libitum. Se aplicó un diseño completo al azar con seis repeticiones, la unidad experimental estuvo conformada por dos gazapos, se utilizaron 48 cuyes machos de 30 días de edad y un peso promedio de 363,54 g, para establecer la diferencia entre medias se aplicó la prueba de Tukey (P≤0,05). Se evaluó el consumo de balanceado (CB) g, consumo de forraje (CF) g, consumo de alimento total (CAT) g, ganancia de peso (GP) g, índice de conversión alimenticia (ICA) y rendimiento a la canal (RC) %. La rentabilidad se determinó a través de la relación beneficio-costo. El mayor CF; GP; RC y la rentabilidad más eficiente tuvieron los tratamientos T2 y T3 (37,83 y 36,85 g MS animal-1 d-1). T1 y T2 (10,62 y 9,53 g animal-1 d-1) T2, T3 y T1 (71,93; 66,14 y 64,28%) y T2 (64,48%), respectivamente. El mayor ingreso de venta por carne producida y el mayor beneficio/costo tuvo el tratamiento T2 ($5,93 cuy-1 y 1,64 cuy-1), representando el punto de equilibrio de $ 3,44 animal-1 lo cual demuestra que es una buena alternativa para la crianza de cuyes.
AEDES AEGYPTI E ARBOVIROSES NO BRASIL
Authors: Gusmão Cristine Martins Gomes de , Patriota Ana Carolina de Lemos Soares , Carvalho Isabela de Lima
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: Artigo de revisão que foca nas Arboviroses, em especial no Zika vírus, e nas dúvidas acerca dessa temática, que segundo os autores estudados precisam ser esclarecidas. Tentou-se resumir as informações recentes acerca do quadro clínico, epidemiologia, meios de transmissão, diagnóstico e as consequências do vírus Zika e demais arboviroses no Brasil. Métodos: a busca foi realizada na base de dados SciELO utilizando como palavra-chave o termo “Zika”, dos artigos identificados, 120 correspondiam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Estes, foram lidos na íntegra, resumidos e passados por um procedimento de análise e posteriormente organizados em planilha de acordo com critérios estabelecidos previamente. Resultados: é possível afirmar que ações em curto prazo devem se concentrar no combate ao mosquito vetor, manter a população informada e profissionais capacitados, a médio e longo prazo deve-se priorizar o desenvolvimento de terapias antivirais e de uma vacina, principalmente para mulheres grávidas expostas ao Zika. Conclusão: esse estudo visa estimular o desenvolvimento de pesquisas na área, visto que não há unificação científica sobre a patogênese dessa infecção.
Prácticas sostenibles de turismo para el tratamiento de aguas y manejo de residuos sólidos en albergues turísticos de Talamanca
Authors: Arias-Hidalgo David , Aguilar-Álvarez Ronald , Reinhold Dawn
Published: May 2019

Esta iniciativa de investigación y extensión nació a partir de una ponencia del proyecto titulado Combined water collection, waste treatment, and anaerobic digestion energy provision system for ecotourism in rural Costa Rica. El proyecto fue premiado por la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de los E.E.U.U. en el Sustainable Design Expo del 2015 en Alexandria, Virginia, Estados Unidos. El proyecto tuvo como objetivo integrar tecnologías que promuevan el uso de prácticas sostenibles para resolver problemas de acceso de agua potable y mal manejo de residuos sólidos y líquidos que tienen algunos albergues turísticos en el territorio indígena bribri, Costa Rica. El trabajo se realizó bajo el enfoque de Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP). Los principales resultados fueron: 1) un albergue turístico con un sistema piloto integral de purificación de agua y tratamiento de aguas negras a partir la combinación de tecnologías como filtración, digestión anaeróbica y humedales artificiales, y 2) una estrategia de educación ambiental y sensibilización en albergues turísticos y centros educativos, con un enfoque en manejo de residuos sólidos, seguridad alimentaria y cambio climático.
Desigualdade Social, Políticas de Reconhecimento e o Trabalho do Assistente Social: Interseções Necessárias no Contexto Brasileiro
Authors: Santos Flávia Barbosa Pardini dos
Published: May 2019

O presente ensaio expõe reflexões sobre regras de sociabilidade instituídas nas sociedades, as quais, historicamente, reificam relações de poder hierárquicas entre os diferentes segmentos sociais, e problematiza o paradoxo entre os avanços legalmente alcançados e a desigualdade social instituída no país. Aborda, além disso, as políticas de reconhecimento como importante dispositivo de redução da desigualdade, sinalizando que estas buscam dar materialidade à democracia contemporânea, reconhecendo o tratamento desigual dispensado a grupos subalternizados. As reflexões levantadas também advertem sobre o exercício da dimensão investigativa e política do trabalho do assistente social como condição para a construção de propostas emancipatórias e promoção da igualdade social.
Companhia Nacional de Álcalis: Perspectivas de ensino, pesquisa e extensão de forma interdisciplinar
Authors: Carvalho João Gilberto da Silva , Minello Murilo , Silva Ana Paula da
Published: May 2019

O artigo deriva da união de docentes do campus Arraial do Cabo, IFRJ, em torno da criação, existência e falência da Companhia Nacional de Álcalis no município de Arraial do Cabo. Trata-se de um esforço preliminar de criação de um corpus que possibilite ações comuns: atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão relacionadas ao imbróglio causado pela empresa. Há um imenso passivo ambiental, composto por mudanças sociais e identitárias, poluição e transformações da paisagem e processos jurídicos. Sob o desenvolvimentismo a Álcalis foi criada; a ascensão de políticas neoliberais a privatizou; hoje a massa falida agoniza e provoca acirradas disputas.
Avaliação do Ruído Ambiental em uma Unidade de Armazenagem de Grãos localizada na Região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Dias Joice Priscila Silveira , Losekan Ingrid , Silva Tatiane Landuci da , Strapason Bernardo Reis , Gomide Diogo Soares , Franz Luis Antonio Dos Santos
Published: May 2019

O ruído consiste em um importante risco ambiental presente na rotina dos trabalhadores em uma Unidade de Beneficiamento e Armazenagem de Grãos (UBAG). Seus efeitos mais comuns sobre o trabalhador envolvem a perda de audição, problemas no sono, problemas cardíacos, estresse tanto em casa quanto no trabalho e a dificuldade de comunicação durante suas atividades. Sendo assim, buscou-se neste trabalho investigar os níveis de ruído aos quais estão expostos trabalhadores em uma empresa de médio porte, que atua na armazenagem de grãos na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, realizou-se primeiramente o levantamento e caracterização do local objeto de estudo. A seguir, procedeu-se à coleta dos índices de ruído. Por fim, foi feito o tratamento dos dados coletados e a discussão dos resultados. As evidências indicam que encaminhamentos de melhorias voltadas à redução da exposição a ruídos devem considerar prioritariamente elementos externos à infraestrutura da empresa, neste caso representados pelo fluxo de veículos pesados (caminhões) em suas instalações.
Perfil químico, flavonoides totais, atividade antioxidante e citotóxica dos extratos de Guapira pernambucensis
Authors: Gomes Jéssica Da Silva Xarifa , Barreto Kíssila Gomes , Matos Carlos Roberto Ribeiro , Mathias Leda
Published: May 2019

As folhas da espécie Guapira pernambucensis foram submetidas à análise do perfil químico e avaliação das atividades antioxidante e citotóxica. Foi identificada a presença de triterpenos, esteroides, alcaloides, flavonoides, proantocianidinas e fenólicos. A análise da atividade antioxidante e de flavonoides mostrou uma CE50 = 280,90 ± 1,15 ?g/mL e 20,4 ± 0,50 mg ER/g de extrato, respectivamente. A citotoxicidade frente às larvas de Artemia salina apresentou uma DL50 = 171 ?g/mL. O estudo mostrou uma baixa capacidade antioxidante, apesar da presença de flavonoides, e uma moderada citotoxicidade.
Modelling within-region spatiotemporal variability in grapevine phenology with high resolution temperature data
Authors: Hall Andrew , Blackman John
Published: May 2019

Aim: While it is well recognised that climate can vary spatially so that grapevine phenology significantly varies within a winegrowing region, the magnitude of temporal variability in climate determining factors to engender a significant difference in phenology over time can only currently be described in general terms. This study’s aim was to quantify and compare the temporal variability, and its interaction with spatial variability, in grapevine phenology and three derived viticulture climate indexes for three viticulture regions in eastern Australia with varying topographies, latitudes and continentalities.Methods and Results: Maximum and minimum temperature data were spatially interpolated to produce fine scale topoclimate maps at 30 m resolution for every day of a 20 year period from 1998 to 2018 for the three viticulture regions. Grapevine phenology modelling using a heat accumulation methodology was then applied to estimate growing season temperature, cool night index and post-harvest growing degree days (GDD) for every 30 m map pixel of the three regions in each of the 20 growing seasons.Conclusions: Summary statistics that quantify the spatial and year-to-year temporal variability and the interaction of spatial and temporal variability (i.e. spatiotemporal variability) demonstrated significant differences in grapevine phenology between each of three regions. The key conclusion was that within-region temporal variability in growing season temperature, cool night index and post-harvest GDD exceeded within-region spatial variability.Significance and impact of the study: This is the first study to quantify temporal variability in modelled grapevine phenology, compare this with the level of spatial variability and also consider the interaction of spatial and temporal variability in grapevine phenology within viticultural regions. This study opens many potential lines of further investigation into the effect of temporal variability on wine production and the cultural terroir factors that develop within a wine region as a result, particularly in the context of forecast future increases in inter-annual temperature variability.
A Strongly-Coupled, Implicit Well Coning Model
Authors: Trimble Russel H. , McDonald A. E.
Published: May 2019

An implicit, three-dimensional, three-phase well coning simulator has been developed which strongly couples the well production equations to the reservoir flow equations. This strong coupling scheme allows the well production to be determined simultaneously with the reservoir pressures and saturations. The flexibility obtained allows the use of production constraints on the well production terms. This results in a highly user-oriented model. The model may be used to obtain the maximum well productivity for a given set of physical limitations and regulatory constraints, such as minimum surface pressure, maximum allowed GOR, WOR, water rate, gas rate, etc. The model can function either as a production well or an injection well and, in general, may be used to study any single-well behavior.

This paper develops the strongly-coupled formulation and discusses its utility in relationship to other implicit models. The linearization of the resulting set of finite difference equations, along with a discussion of the solution algorithm to solve the coupled system of simultaneous equations, is included. Development of the production constraints and their coupling into the reservoir equations is emphasized. Example problems of field applications of the model are included to show the utility of user supplied production constraints in determining well performance.
Risk Factors for and Management of Anterior Chamber Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant Migration
Authors: Röck Daniel , Bartz-Schmidt Karl Ulrich , Röck Tobias
Published: May 2019

Background
This study aimed to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for the anterior chamber migration of an intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex®).

Methods
A retrospective review of 640 consecutive intravitreal dexamethasone implant injections was conducted from February 2011 through February 2018 at the University Eye Hospital in Tübingen, Germany. Those patients who experienced anterior chamber dexamethasone implant migrations were identified, as well as the reasons for the anterior chamber migration. The surgical histories were obtained and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations were conducted for all of the eyes. Cross-tabulations, chi-squared tests, and Fisher's exact tests were used to assess the influences of different factors on the anterior chamber implant migrations.

Results
Overall, 4 eyes of four patients (0.63%) showed anterior chamber implant migrations. All four of the eyes were pseudophakic, and they had undergone prior vitrectomies. Three eyes had sclerally-fixated intraocular lenses, and one eye had a posterior chamber intraocular lens in the capsular bag, with a capsular tension ring due to partial zonular dehiscence. When comparing the vitrectomized eyes with reduced zonular/capsular bag complex integrity to the vitrectomized pseudophakic eyes with intact zonular/capsular bags, the former were significantly associated with an increased risk of anterior chamber implant migration (P = 0.008). The vitrectomized pseudophakic eyes, in contrast to the nonvitrectomized pseudophakic eyes, were significantly associated with an increased risk of anterior chamber implant migration (P = 0.009).

Conclusions
The anterior chamber migration of an intravitreal dexamethasone implant is a serious complication. To minimize the risk of permanent corneal edema, immediate removal of the implant with a 20-gauge alligator forceps over a 2.75-mm long clear corneal tunnel is important. Those patients with insufficient zonular support, defects, or missing posterior capsular membranes and vitrectomy histories present a high risk of anterior chamber dexamethasone implant migration.
Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Unilateral Peripheral Cone Dysfunction Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Hasegawa Tetsuya , Tetsuka Soichi , Yamaguchi Aya , Kobashi Chieko , Sato Tomomi , Tanaka Yoshiaki , Kakehashi Akihiro
Published: May 2019

Introduction: To report a case of unilateral peripheral cone dysfunction syndrome and evaluate the associated clinicopathological changes using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).
Case Presentation: A 39-year-old Japanese woman reported a visual field defect of 2-years duration in the right eye. The patient underwent visual field testing, full-field electroretinography (ff-ERG), SS-OCT, and a routine ophthalmologic examination. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 bilaterally. The funduscopy examination was normal bilaterally. Visual field testing showed a relative paracentral scotoma in the right eye. SS-OCT scans showed an unclear interdigitation zone (IZ) throughout the posterior pole except for the foveal zone in the right eye. SS-OCT macular analysis showed thinning of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) corresponding to the region of the IZ defect. ff-ERG showed almost normal flash ERGs and normal rod responses bilaterally. The cone response and flicker ERG response were decreased markedly only in the right eye.
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of unilateral peripheral cone dysfunction syndrome in which SS-OCT showed pathological changes in the GCL and IPL. The OCT findings corresponded well to the ERG changes and visual field abnormality. Because foveolar cone photoreceptor cells are connected in a one-to-one correspondence to retinal ganglion cells without connection to the horizontal cells or amacrine cells, the GCL and IPL were not present in the fovea. Based on this analysis, we speculated that the primary lesion of peripheral cone dysfunction syndrome is not in the cone photoreceptor cells but in the horizontal cells and/or amacrine cells. The clinicopathological changes in the ganglion cells and cone photoreceptor cells might be the subsequent pathologies in the horizontal cells in peripheral cone dysfunction syndrome.
Is Drinking Water Sources Safe for Drink? A Multicenter Assessment of Fecal Contamination of Drinking Water Sources in Tigray Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremedhn Goyitom , Berhe Abera Aregawi , Desta Abraham Aregay , Legesse Lemlem
Published: May 2019

Background

Fecal contamination of drinking water sources is the main cause of diarrhea with estimated incidence of 4.6 billion episodes and 2.2 million deaths every year.

Methods

A total of 145 water samples of different source type were collected from different areas in Tigray region from August 2018 to January 2019. The water samples from each site were selected purposively which involved sampling of water sources with the highest number of users and functionality status during the study period. Most Probable Number (MPN) protocol was used for the bacteriological analysis of the samples.

Results

A total of 145 water samples were collected from six zones in Tigray region, Ethiopia from August 2018 to January 2019. The study indicated that 63(43.5%) of the water samples were detected to have fecal coliform which is E.coli. In Mekelle city, which is the capital city of Tigray region, three in five 34(60.7%) of the collected samples were confirmed to have fecal coliform. Water samples from health facilities were 9.48 times [AOR=9.48, 95%CI: (1.59, 56.18)] more likely to have fecal coliform. Water samples from wells were 10.23 times [AOR=10.23, 95%CI: (2.74, 38.26)] more likely to have fecal coliform than water samples from Tap/Pipe. Similarly, water samples from hand pumps were 22.28 times [AOR=22.28, 95%CI: (1.26, 393.7)] more likely to have fecal coliform than water samples from Tap/Pipe. Water samples reported to be not chlorinated were 3.51 times [AOR=3.51, 95%CI: (1.35, 9.13)] more likely to have fecal coliform than water samples from chlorinated sources.

Conclusion

In this study all water source, including the chlorinated drinking water sources, were found highly contaminated with fecal origin bacteria. This may be mainly due to constructional defects, poor sanitation inspection, poor maintenance, intermittent water supply and irregular chlorination.
Tillage and Irrigation Impact on Early and Late Maturing Cotton Cultivars
Authors: Byrd Seth A. , Collins Guy D. , Barentine Ronnie M. , Snider John L. , Culpepper A. Stanley , Roberts Phillip M. , Porter Wesley M. , Whitaker Jared R.
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas

There was little interaction between tillage and irrigation on agronomic parameters.

Excessive rainfall minimized agronomic benefits of the rolled rye cover crop.

Continuous experiments are likely optimal to properly evaluate cover crop systems.

Concerns surrounding agricultural water use have increased interest in investigating more efficient cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production practices. A study was conducted to determine potential water savings from using a conservation tillage system employing a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop. The performance of early and late maturing cotton cultivars was assessed in two tillage systems, conventional or strip tillage with a rye cover crop, under various irrigation levels (100, 75, and 50% of University of Georgia recommendations, and non‐irrigated) to determine the effect of crop growth, development, and yield in Camilla, GA (2013 and 2014), Moultrie, GA (2014), and Vienna, GA (2014). At Camilla, increases in irrigation typically benefited the cotton crop regardless of tillage treatment; however, there was little difference between the two highest irrigation treatments, suggesting that application rates <100% recommendations could result in water savings. During 2013, excessive rainfall resulted in minimal soil moisturedifferences; subsequently, cotton growth, development, and yield were negatively impacted under strip tillage compared with conventional. Although almost half the rainfall was received in 2014 compared with 2013, and the conservation tillage system benefited crop growth and development, no yield differences were observed. At Moultrie and Vienna, either no difference between tillage systems or only benefits to crop growth and development in the conventional tillage system occurred. Results illustrate that the potential impact of cover crops is highly dependent on environmental conditions and is likely minimal under slight to moderate water deficit conditions, but can be detrimental when excessive rainfall occurs.
Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Maize Roots in Response to Controlled‐Release Urea under Different Soil Moisture Conditions
Authors: Li Guanghao , Zhao Bin , Dong Shuting , Zhang Jiwang , Liu Peng , Ren Baizhao , Lu Dalei , Lu Weiping
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas

We investigated the impacts of CRU on summer maize root growth under different soil water conditions.

We clarified the interaction of water and CRU on summer maize grain yield.

We found an optimized amount of CRU for each water level for summer maize grain yield.

Controlled‐release urea (CRU) is being promoted in Chinese maize (Zea mays L.) planting to improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency, yield and reduce N losses, but its impacts vary widely depending on the soil moisture condition. There has been little study on the effects of CRU on the morphological and physiological characteristics of maize roots under different soil moisture conditions. We conducted three soil moistures (severe stress, mild stress, and adequate condition) and four levels of CRU (0, 105, 210, and 315 kg N ha−1) in a specially designed soil column experiment. Results revealed that CRU regulated plant growth by affecting root morphology and activity under different soil moistures, and ultimately influenced yield. Drought limited root and shoot dry matter accumulation, and decreased root length and root length density, which significantly reduced root active absorption area; leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) were also inhibited. Increasing CRU application did not counteract the inhibition of root and shoot growth under severe water stress, but did counteract this effect under mild water stress. An application of CRU beyond the optimal N rate did not consistently promote maize root growth or increase yield under adequate soil moisture. The CRU application of 210 kg N ha−1 under adequate moisture was the best treatment combination, and was associated with superior root morphology and activity during the grain‐filling period, which could transport more water and nutrients to aboveground plant, improved LAI, chlorophyll content, and Pn, ultimately increased yield. Based on the yield and cost, the CRU application of 315 kg N ha−1 was optimal under mild drought stress, and selecting the lower CRU application of 210 kg N ha−1 under adequate soil moisture condition is recommended to promote root growth and increase grain yield in maize production.
How Does Phosphorus Restriction Impact Soil Health Parameters in Midwestern Corn–Soybean Systems?
Authors: Wade Jordon , Culman Steve W. , Sharma Stuti , Mann Meredith , Demyan M. Scott , Mercer Kristin L. , Basta Nicholas T.
Published: May 2019

Core Ideas

Three sites showed no yield difference between control and P fertilized treatment after 11 yr.

Tissue and grain P contents showed no sign of crop P stress associated with 11 yr of P restriction.

Phosphorus fertilization rate was positively related to labile P pools and inversely related to organic P.

No consistent effect of P fertilization on soil health parameters

Greater proportion of active organic matter in unfertilized treatments, relative to fertilized

Limiting agricultural P losses to surface waters is essential to overall ecological sustainability of agroecosystems. Recent studies have suggested that decreasing P fertilization rates decrease organic matter content, adversely impacting other mitigation strategies. Corn–soy cropping systems from three soil regions of Ohio were subjected to 11 yr of P restriction to measure impacts on soil P availability and agronomic performance as well as both physical and biological indicators of soil health. While both soil P availability and plant tissue P contents decreased with P fertilization rate, crops did not exhibit signs of P stress, such as consistent decreases in corn yield. Organic P levels increased in plots with no P fertilization. Both physical and biological indicators of soil health showed mixed responses to P fertilization, although trends suggested greater organic matter stabilization in unfertilized plots relative to the fertilized plots. This study suggests that reductions in P fertilization can result in more efficient nutrient cycling without adverse agronomic impacts, although it is unclear how long this effect would persist before P restriction would consistently impact grain yields.