bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rail Market Share of Grain and Oilseed Transportation
Authors: Prater Marvin E. , Sparger Adam , Bahizi Pierre , O’Neil Daniel
Published: November 2019

The share of the grain and oilseed harvest moved by rail has been declining since 1980, when the Federal Motor Carrier Act and the Staggers Rail Act were passed. Large structural changes associated with these acts affected the decline over the following two decades. Yet, even though the large structural changes had already taken place by 2000, the rail market share of grain and oilseed transportation has continued to decline. This paper develops a state-level statistical model for 21 of the top grain-producing states (which produce 86.6% of all grain and oilseeds) to investigate which major factors have been responsible for the decrease in the rail market share of grain and oilseed transportation since 2001. Twenty variables are tested in the model, and 10 are found to have a statistically significant impact on rail market share. Of these, three are most important in the decrease of rail market share: ethanol production, biodiesel production, and the concentration of animal feeding.
Spatial Transferability: Analysis of the Regional Automobile-Specific Household-Level Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions Models
Authors: Siuhi Saidi , Mwakalonge Judith L. , Perkins Judy
Published: November 2019

This paper compared performance of methods for combining model information estimated in one region and applied to another region to improve estimation results. The application is for models developed to estimate household-level automobile-specific CO2 emissions. The results indicated that automobile-specific CO2 emissions models can be transferred from one geographical region to another. The estimates of CO2 emissions can assist agencies such as policy makers, businesses, and transportation planners to track trends and identify opportunities to reduce CO2 emissions and increase efficiency of transportation systems to lessen their impact on global warming, climate change, and air quality standards.
Determinants of VMT in Urban Areas:A Panel Study of 87 U.S. Urban Areas 1982-2009
Authors: McMullen B. Starr , Eckstein Nathan
Published: November 2019

This paper uses econometric techniques to examine the determinants of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in a panel study using data from a cross section of 87 U.S. urban areas over the period 1982-2009. We use standard OLS regression as well as two-stage least squares techniques to examine the impact of factors such as urban density, lane-miles, per capita income, real fuel cost, transit mileage, and various industry mix variables on per capita VMT. We use a distributed lag model to estimate long-run elasticities and find that the long-run price elasticity of demand for per capita VMT is approximately five times larger than in the short run. Preliminary empirical results show the per capita demand for VMT in urban areas is positively and significantly impacted by lane miles, personal income, and the percent of employment in the construction and public sectors. Fuel price and transit use and the percent of employment in manufacturing, retail, and wholesale sectors are all found to be statistically significant and negatively related to VMT per capita. After correcting for endogeneity, urban population density exerts a negative, but not always statistically significant, impact on per capita VMT. Finally, per capita VMT is found to differ significantly by geographic region, being higher the more western and the larger the population size of an urban area.
Capital and Liquidity Risks and Financial Stability: Pre, During and Post Financial Crisis Between Islamic and Conventional Banks in GCC Countries, in the Light of Oil Prices Decline
Authors: Al-Wesabi Hamid Abdulkhaleq Hasan , Yusof Rosylin Mohammed
Published: November 2019

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of capital ratio and liquidity risks and the effects of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) periods on financial stability of conventional and Islamic banks before, during, and after GFC in the year of 2008 five GCC countries. To examine empirically the comparison between conventional and Islamic banks based on financial stability and soundness, as well as capitalization and liquidity in the light of the adverse effects of GFC and oil prices declining during the period of (2000-2017).Design/methodology/approach: By using time series data, this study employs Pedroni’s panel cointegration analysis to test the long run relationship between financial stability of conventional banks and Islamic banks as a dependent variable and independent variables including financial crisis under three periods; pre (2006-2007), during (2008-2009) and post (2010-2011) crisis. As well as employing Generalized Least Squares (GLS) to examine the effects between independent variables which are GDP, inflation, financial crisis periods, oil prices fluctuations risk, banking competition, financial sector development, liquidity risk and capital adequacy ratio and dependent variable which is financial stability of conventional and Islamic banks in GCC countries before (2000-2006) during (2006-2009) and after (2010-2017) crisis.Findings: The findings of this research suggest that there is a long run relationship between financial stability of conventional and Islamic banks and capital ratios, liquidity risk and other independent variables. As well as study’s findings support some previous studies and it generally concludes that Islamic banks were performed better during the crisis than conventional banks. Whereas Islamic banks were more stable during crisis as their business model helped to limit the adverse effects of crisis in 2008, they were also more capitalized and less exposure to liquidity risk. Nevertheless, decrease in Islamic banks’ liquidity led some Islamic banks in GCC countries to declare significant losses in 2009.Originality/value: The result of the study contributes towards understanding the determinants of financial stability of both Islamic banks and conventional banks during financial crisis periods. It is important for policy ramifications by the Central Banks in GCC in terms of treating both types of banks differently to mitigate against future financial crises.
Does Financial Instability of Conventional Banks Affect Financial Stability of Islamic Banks in GCC Countries?
Authors: Al-Wesabi Hamid Abdulkhaleq Hasan , Yusof Rosylin Mohammed
Published: November 2019

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between financial stability in Islamic banks and financial stability and soundness in conventional banks for five GCC countries.Design/methodology/approach: By using time series data, this study employs Pedroni’s panel cointegration to test the long-run relationship between financial stability of Islamic banks and financial stability of conventional banks in GCC countries during the period of (2000-2017). Besides, the study also employs Granger causality to test the causal link between stability of two types of banks (Islamic and Conventional). As well as employing Generalized Least Squares (GLS) to examine the effects between independent variables which are financial stability of conventional banks and their profitability, impact of period of financial crisis (2008/2009), oil prices fluctuations, banking concentration and financial sector development and financial stability of Islamic banks (as the dependent variable).Findings: The findings of this research suggest that there is a long-run, significant and positive relationship between the financial stability of conventional banks and its Islamic counterpart. At the same time, the financial stability of conventional banks is found to Granger caused the stability of Islamic banks.Originality/value: The results of the study contribute towards understanding the determinants of the financial stability of both Islamic banks and conventional banks and how they affect each other. This is important for policy ramifications by the Central Banks in GCC in terms of treating both types of banks differently to mitigate against future financial crises.
The Work of Ronald P. Dore and Pacific Affairs
Authors: Shipper Apichai W.
Published: November 2019

This introductory essay discusses Ronald Dore's academic career and contributions. As an "accidental Japanologist," Dore made enormous contributions to the understanding of Japanese society. As a sociologist, he rigorously employed a sociological approach to the study of comparative
political economy with profound moral-philosophical reflections. By doing so, he helped to correct our misunderstanding of education, development, and internationalization—topics of extensive discussion in the following essays. Among his numerous contributions to Pacific Affairs
between 1952 and 2008, Dore wrote three essays covering these topics during the 1970s. Amazingly, his ideas as presented in these essays still resonate today.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 12, No. 4
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: November 2019

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 12, No. 4
Multidimensional Benefits of Sustainable Agriculture Practices of Cambodian Smallholder Farmers
Authors: Heylen Camille , Meunier Félicien , Peeters Amaury , Ek Sreykhouch , Neang Malyne , Hean Saray , Peanh Sinal
Published: November 2019

Agriculture is an important mainstay of the Cambodian economy and recent agriculture developments have lifted many people out of poverty. However, some key challenges remain in Cambodian rural areas. To further sustain the country’s development, new ways need to be found to drive future growth without negatively impacting its existing resources. Recent efforts led by development stakeholders have been dedicated to enhanc the sustainability of Cambodian agriculture. The local non-governmental organization MODE jointly with Louvain Cooperation focuses on helping vulnerable farmers to transition towards sustainable agriculture practices through specific training. This paper aims to assess the benefits of such an approach by using SAFA (Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems), a methodology developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization. Core indicators of the four pillars of sustainability were evaluated through interviews with eighty farmers, equally distributed in two groups (target farmers and a control group), to assess the agricultural sustainability of their local farming system. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups. The target group which was supported in their transition to sustainable practices showed a significant increase of net incomes, more diverse food production, and higher number of actions already taken or planned in order to mitigate the inherent risks of food production. The global index resulting from the combination of all core indicators revealed a significant difference between the groups, with more sustainable practices for the target farmers. However, overall the level of sustainability remained low to very low in both groups, which was partly due to the choice to work with vulnerable people defined by low productivity.
Comparison of the effectiveness of two physiotherapy programs for female patients with lumbar spine discopathy
Authors: Puszczałowska-Lizis Ewa , Dziedzic Paulina , Jandziś Sławomir
Published: November 2019

Background. Lower back pain is one of the most common problems in the human body relat-ed to the disturbances of the motor organ’s structure and function. It challenges contemporary physiotherapy which aim is to reduce or, when possible, eliminate pain, restore fitness for eve-ryday life and prevent recurrences. The aim of the study was to compare two physiotherapy programmes in terms of lowering pain intensity, improvement of lumbar and thoracolumbar spine mobility, as well as functional ability in females with lumbar spine discopathy.
Material and methods. The study included 100 women aged 45-50 with lumbar spine disco-pathy being treated in outpatient conditions. The patients were divided into two 50-subject groups depending on the programme used. The physiotherapy programme for group I patients included classic massage, kinesiotherapy and interferential currents, and in group II: classic massage, kinesiotherapy and ultrasound. The research tool was the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS), the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and measurements of lumbar and thoracolumbar spine mobility. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the analysis.
Results. After completion of the physiotherapy programme, the women in group I experi-enced significantly lower pain (p=0.037) and higher functional efficiency (p=0,001). The range of improvement, assessed by the difference in the results of study II and III, was signif-icantly higher for the II group of women (p=0,002). One month after completion of therapeu-tic treatment, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups (p=0,169, p=0,067).
Conclusions. The use of interferential currents in the physiotherapy of individuals with lum-bar spine discopathy compared to ultrasound therapy allows for greater improvement in reduc-ing pain intensity, lumbar and thoracolumbar spine mobility, as well as higher functional effi-ciency. The effectiveness of ultrasound had increased over time since the end of therapy and only after one month in the case of both physiotherapy programmes, similar effects could be observed.
Physiotherapist's work at the Oncological Ward - stress and professional burnout
Authors: Pieniążek Magdalena , Mańko Grzegorz , Skupień Joanna
Published: November 2019

Introduction:

There are now more and more cases of malignant tumors. This is a problem that can affect anyone − from a baby to the elderly. The direct burden is on the patient and his/her immediate surroundings, however, all medical staff are involved in therapy, and are committed to doing everything to improve the condition of a patient. In the treatment process, the role of physiotherapy is essential and its effectiveness has been demonstrated by a number of scientifi c studies. Due to the large number of hours spent with the patient, therapists may be exposed to the negative effects of working in such a demanding ward.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to examine the subjective perception of physiotherapists work at Oncological Wards on stress and burnout.

Material and Methods:

The diagnostic survey method was used via a questionnaire. Data from 60 physiotherapists were analysed statistically.

Results:

Most defi ne work as stressful and mentally demanding. Nearly half of respondents believe that they are not at risk of professional burnout. Work in this ward is chosen for various reasons, which is refl ected in the feeling of mental strain.

Conclusions:

Working in the Oncology Ward creates the risk of stress and burnout in medical staff.

oncological physiotherapy, professional burnout, stress, oncological ward
The course and support of sensorimotor development in a premature infant
Authors: Zdzienicka-Chyła Agnieszka M. , Mitosek-Szewczyk Krystyna
Published: November 2019

Prematurely born babies account for nearly 7% of all infants coming into the world, and there are more and more extremely small premature babies being born. A report covering 184 countries shows that each year, 14.9 million children are born ahead of time. Maintaining life is the fi rst task faced by the medical service. The issue regarding development and the future of these children is the next stage of interest for both doctors and a number of specialists from related fields.

The aim of the study was to review literature concerning premature newborns in the fi eld of sensorimotor development within the fi rst years of life, taking into account the hazards and possible forms of early support. An attempt was made to present the current state of knowledge in the scope of recommended and used methods of conduct as well as to assess the long-term effects of undertaken interventions.

A review of Polish-, English- and French-language literature was conducted, which concerned sensory motor development, introduction of early rehabilitation and support programmes for premature infants. Research papers and review works from the last 10 years included in databases (PubMed and websites of Polish medical publishing houses) were analysed. The works were searched using the following keywords: premature baby, sensorimotor development.

The growing group of preemies requires adapted care. To counteract the indicated threats, a therapeutic intervention should be introduced precisely and in accordance with a child’s needs. There is a need to broaden knowledge about development in this group of children and to create a proven developmental support system that would be based on long-term research. Currently, support for babies born too early is heterogeneous, and the research carried out does not allow to design a single support model or clearly defi ned standards of conduct.

premature infant, sensorimotor stimulation, rehabilitation

24 Jan. 2017; Accepted: 22 Nov. 2018
Comparing the effectiveness of mobilization techniques with movement and myofascial techniques in patients following distal radius fractures treated conservatively
Authors: Jamka Krzysztof , Szczechowicz Jakub , Pieniążek Marek , Kubasiak Katarzyna
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Fractures of the distal radius are one of the most common types in the upper limb area. They lead to significant reduction in range of mobility, muscle weakness and the occurrence of serious pain. Material and methods: The research involved 20 patients from the Specialist Hand Rehabilitation Centre in Krakow, who were rehabilitated after fractures to the distal radial bone. They were randomly divided into two groups. In group A (n = 10), there were patients who underwent mobilization techniques with movement according to the Mulligan concept as part of their manual work. Group B (n = 10) consisted of patients subjected to myofascial techniques. Functional examination of the hand was carried out twice before and after beginning rehabilitation. The range of active mobility, muscle strength and superficial feeling were examined. Based on the obtained results, functional loss was calculated according to Swanson’s method, Total Active Motion and the sensory index. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using the Excel 10 programme. Results: Significant improvement in hand and muscle strength was noted in both groups. In the group of patients treated with myofascial techniques, better rates of improvement for the tested parameters were obtained than in the group treated with the use of joint mobilization techniques. Conclusions: 1. The applied programme of rehabilitating patients following fracture of the distal radial bone is characterized by statistically significant improvement in hand function. 2. The use of soft-tissue techniques is a more effective method of hand function restitution than the method of mobilization with movement. myofascial techniques, forearm fractures, physiotherapy
Dekompozycja stosunków przemysłowych w Europie jako preludium gospodarki 4.0
Authors: Sroka Jacek
Published: November 2019

The article describes the features of the 4.0 economy which are linked to the so-called ‘cancer stage capitalism’, and which influence the directions of development of European industrial relations. This extensive research area has been reduced to those elements of transformations associated with the progress of the 4.0 economy that undermine or invalidate the existing ‘regimes’, developed so far in the framework of certain ‘matters’, including public affairs, industrial relations and social dialogue.
Parlament Białorusi – kompetencje w obszarze polityki zagranicznej
Authors: Staśkiewicz Łukasz
Published: November 2019

The National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus as legislative authority representation mainly plays a legislative role. However, both Chambers of the Belarusian Parliament are also involved in the process of implementing the country foreign policy. They perform it through the activities within the framework of multilateral cooperation or bilateral cooperation. They consider legislative issues related to international agreements or the approval of foreign policy orientations. The presentation of the above issue required an analysis of the Belarusian Parliament constitutional status in the context of international relations, as well as normative acts that regulate the political and legal aspects of activities in the discussed area. Therefore, an institutional and legal analysis, as well as a comparative method were mainly used. The analysis of legal bases of the Belarusian Parliament activities within the framework of foreign policy allowed to present the aspects related to the organisation of these activities, as well as to characterise competence, and to assess the Parliament role within this area. The results of the carried-out studies showed that the position of the National Assembly in foreign
policy, despite its entitled competence, is small or not fully exploited.
New paths of research in the European Commission’s compliance practice: the example of Poland
Authors: Boiret Karolina
Published: November 2019

The article explores the potential for new research into issues of state non-conformity as a result of increasing euro-skepticism in Europe. Relying on the Polish example, it suggests that a new attitude towards the EU has arisen which escapes traditional classifications and warrants a rethinking of established theories on sources of non-compliance. This attitude gives new context to the Commission’s existing enforcement practice and calls for a fresh look at its compliance instruments not only with respect to infringement cases but also in its dispute with Poland over the rule of law principle where the conduct of both parties seems to be symptomatic of their more general approaches.
Disaster response mechanisms in EU and NATO
Authors: Jacuch Andrzej
Published: November 2019

The objective of this article is to identify, analyse and assess the European Union (EU) and NATO’s roles in international disaster response operations. The article adopts a broad approach and deals with mechanisms that could apply to so-called “natural” and “man-made” disasters. It considers instruments that may contribute to fulfil the rights of people stricken by disasters in Europe and beyond. The use of NATO’s disaster response capabilities has drawn limited attention in scientific literature so far. The main hypothesis stipulates that NATO provides added value in international disaster response in relation to the United Nations (UN) and EU actions. NATO with its transatlantic dimension and its military capabilities can assist when a stricken nation, its neighbours and/or other international organization(s) capacity or measures cannot cope with the potential negative consequences of a natural or man-made disaster. However, EU and/or NATO disaster response actions do not substitute a stricken country actions but complements their efforts in this area.
Position of OLAF in a multi-level governance system of the European Union
Authors: Ruszkowski Janusz
Published: November 2019

The author aims to investigate the position of OLAF in the multi-level governance system (MLG) of the European Union with specific inter-institutional consequences of such location, assuming that OLAF is not a classical supranational institution. In the research subject an important role is played by the European Commission (EC), which established OLAF and gave it specific competences to act. These facts are fundamentally important for further considerations, so they can have a major impact on the precise determination of OLAF’s position in the MLG. If OLAF as an agent and supervisor has control powers over supranational institutions, including its principal, a supranational European Commission, it is unlikely that it would also be a supranational institution. This article demonstrates, that OLAF is not a classic supranational institution because it exhibits strong features of a supra-supranational institution operating in a multi-level EU governance system. A helpful theoretical and methodological research tools we consider the Principal/Agent Theory (PAT) and its combination Principal/Supervisor/Agent Theory (PSAT) on the one hand, and the concept of multi-level governance (MLG) on the other hand.
The European Union vs. the Eurasian Economic Union: “integration race 2.0”?
Authors: Kinyakin Andrey A. , Kucheriavaia Svetlana
Published: November 2019

One of the most remarkable features of regional development in Eurasia is the competition between the European Union (EU) and Russia within the so called “contested neighborhood”, e.g. the post-Soviet space. Originated in the 1990s it gained the special momentum in 2000s after the beginning of the Russia-led “Eurasian integration process”, leading to the creation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in 2015. That fact brought the competition between the EU and Russia to the new level, e.g. the “integration race”, which had the strong impact on the whole post-Soviet space. The most obvious outcome of that process is the outburst of the Ukrainian crisis in 2013, which on the one hand contributed to further exacerbation of the EU-Russia relations, on the other – it paved the way to elaboration of the new forms and tools of the integration activities. However, it failed to bring the “integration race” between the EU and the Russia-led EAEU to the standstill. Being in the latent “crystallisation” phase, this process goes further with the covert competition between the integration blocks. Its actors are not only the non-aligned post-Soviet states, but also the existing members of the integration structures. All the mentioned above factors makes the “new edition” of the “integration race” rather dangerous because further acceleration of such a competition can lead to the large-scale rivalry between the EU and the EAEU, which may cause unpredictable consequences.
The European Union funds in the financial perspective 2021-2027 – Report from the conference opening consultations on the Assumptions of the Partnership Agreement
Authors: Kowalski Dariusz
Published: November 2019

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MICROSTRUCTURE AND FRICTION PARAMETERS
OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF SINTERED STAINLESS STEELS
Authors: LISIECKA Barbara , DUDEK Agata
Published: November 2019

Sintered stainless steel (SSS) is manufactured using the powder metallurgy technology (PM). SSSs are
characterized by a two–phase structure which can be obtained by mixing different proportions of the main
structural components (i.e. austenite and ferrite). Taking into account the improvement of functional properties
of SSSs, a number of surface modifications have been proposed. This study proposes a method to improve
functional properties by formation of chromium carbide coating and alloying the surface by the gas tungsten
arc welding (GTAW) process. The results of light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy
(SEM/EDX), roughness parameters, hardness, and the coefficient of friction are presented.
INFLUENCE OF ELECTROLYTIC-PLASMA SURFACE HARDENING ON THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF BANDAGE STEEL
Authors: TABIEVA Erkezhan , RAHADILOV Bauyrzhan , SATBAEVA Zarina , KENESBEKOV Aidar , UAZYRKHANOVA Gulzhaz
Published: November 2019

This work is devoted to the research of the influence of the technological parameters of electrolytic-plasma surface hardening on the structure and tribological properties of the surface of samples of the retaining steel Mark 2. Electrolytic-plasma surface hardening was carried out in an electrolyte from an aqueous solution of 10% urea and 10% sodium carbonate. According to the result of metallographic and X-ray diffraction analysis, it was determined that the phase composition of steel Mark 2 after processing varies, and fine martensite with a small amount of troostite and iron oxide is formed on the surface of the samples. Tribological experiments of samples without lubrication were carried out. These experiments have shown that all the samples studied have an increased wear resistance, which may be associated with the formation of a fine-grained martensitic structure. It was shown that from the point of view of the complex of the properties obtained, and the most promising is electrolytic-plasma action with a treatment time of 4 s.
Freie Forschung im Justizvollzug als Gemeinwohlbelang
Authors: Kölbel Ralf
Published: November 2019

Anders als die meisten Personen, die während der Kölner Tagung zu Wort gekommen und deshalb auch in diesem Heft vertreten sind, betreibe ich keine empirische (Straf-)Vollzugsforschung. Ich bin mit deren Stand als verarbeitender Rezipient vertraut, ohne aber ihre hier zu behandelnden (Feldzugangs-)Probleme aus eigener Anschauung zu kennen. Ich muss mich bei meiner Stellungnahme deshalb auf den Eindruck stützen, den die kontroversen Ausführungen zur Rolle der Kriminologischen Dienste vor und während der Veranstaltung bei mir hervorgerufen haben. Auf dieser (zugegebenermaßen unsicheren) Grundlage bin ich indes überzeugt, dass das Verfahren zur Zulassung von Vollzugsforschung so, wie es momentan organisiert ist, nicht richtig sein kann. Diese Auffassung stützt sich allerdings, was bei einem Außenstehenden nicht verwunderlich ist, auf eine eher grundsätzliche Erwägung, die vielleicht etwas theoretisch oder praxisfern anmuten mag und hier über einen kleinen Umweg illustriert werden muss.
Auf der richtigen Spur? – Bilanz der Diskussion über verbotene Kraftfahrzeugrennen
Authors: Bachmann Mario , Buttler Michael
Published: November 2019

Illegale Autorennen haben in den letzten Jahren enorme Aufmerksamkeit erfahren. In rasender Geschwindigkeit entfachte eine Diskussion über den richtigen Umgang mit diesem Phänomen, das an sich keineswegs neu ist. Das „Gaspedal“ wurde aber nicht nur in der Wissenschaft voll „durchgetreten“, sondern auch in der Rechtsprechung. So wurden Anfang 2017 zwei Raser erstmals wegen Mordes zu lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafen verurteilt - eine Entscheidung, die im Jahr darauf vom BGH wieder aufgehoben wurde. Währenddessen war auch der Gesetzgeber nicht untätig und hat den neuen § 315d StGB („Verbotene Kraftfahrzeugrennen“) geschaffen, der es ermöglicht, auch folgenlose Wettrennen und das „Solorasen“ strafrechtlich zu ahnden. Der vorliegende Beitrag zieht Bilanz aus der turbulenten Debatte der letzten Jahre und beleuchtet die strafrechtlichen, kriminalpolitischen und kriminologischen Aspekte des in Rede stehenden Phänomens.
Virtu@l-ApS: Technological Support for Virtual Service-Learning
Authors: Manjarrés Riesco Angeles , Pickin Simon James , Alonso Meana Héctor , Rodriguez-Fernández Natalia
Published: November 2019

El Aprendizaje-Servicio Virtual (ApSV) es el Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) mediado por las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación) –tanto para la prestación del servicio como para el apoyo, monitorización y evaluación del aprendizaje por parte de los docentes− y concebido para situaciones en que la comunicación cara a cara entre estudiantes, profesores y beneficiarios del servicio no es posible. La experiencia ha demostrado que sería de gran interés disponer de una aplicación web para el soporte del ApSV (y, en general, de ApS). Presentamos aquí el desarrollo de dicha aplicación web: Virtu@l-ApS. Hasta la fecha, este proyecto de desarrollo de software se ha llevado a cabo en el marco de dos Proyectos de Fin de Grado colaborativos e interdisciplinares de la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), de los grados en Educación Social e Ingeniería Informática, respectivamente. Aunque la versión de la aplicación web actualmente disponible carece de importantes funcionalidades, la experiencia de su desarrollo ha sido extremadamente útil, en particular, para la clarificación de los requisitos de una aplicación real, completamente operativa, que esperamos contribuya al soporte y la expansión del ApS en la Enseñanza Superior en España.
Aprendizaje-servicio y tecnologías digitales: ¿una relación posible?
Authors: Escofet Anna
Published: November 2019

El uso generalizado de las tecnologías digitales junto con la extensión de las redes sociales ha creado nuevos espacios de comunicación y de encuentro en los que personas y actores sociales y políticos entran en interconexión. Ello abre espacios y posibilidades diversas de participación digital de manera más accesible, instantánea, continuada, igualitaria y personalizada.  Las tecnologías digitales facilitan la distribución y el acceso a la información, lo que permite acceder de manera autónoma y sencilla al ámbito público sin depender de la intermediación de las organizaciones informativas profesionales. Además, permiten la comunicación interactiva, lo cual las convierte en un instrumento de interpelación directa y propicia la revitalización de las prácticas deliberativas que forman parte del ideal democrático. En tercer lugar, la interacción propiciada por las tecnologías digitales facilita la organización y eficacia de redes cívicas y espacios de movilización ciudadana. Finalmente, la participación mediada por las tecnologías digitales tiene implicaciones para la identidad personal y social, convirtiendo a las personas en ciudadanos del mundo y en miembros de una comunidad en la que el tiempo y el espacio desaparecen, confrontando actitudes y valores de distintos grupos que están obligados a redefinir sus concepciones para arbitrar su participación. Unir las tecnologías digitales con proyectos de aprendizaje-servicio facilita que jóvenes, niñas y niños experimenten de forma real la solidaridad, la responsabilidad y el servicio a los otros, así como la satisfacción por los objetivos conseguidos. En definitiva, facilita conseguir el desarrollo de una ciudadanía responsable y consciente.
Un itinerario digital para el aprendizaje-servicio ubicuo
Authors: Tapia Sasot María Rosa
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre la inclusión de las tecnologías digitales en los proyectos de aprendizaje y servicio solidario (ApS) con una perspectiva iberoamericana, a partir de una investigación realizada para analizar el uso de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) en el desarrollo de proyectos de ApS en escuelas secundarias públicas de Argentina. En la investigación se analiza una serie de proyectos en los que las TIC se integraron en las diferentes disciplinas para “ampliar” la experiencia de los estudiantes y ayudarlos a conectar el conocimiento “distribuido” a la resolución de problemas concretos de su comunidad. La investigación parte del estudio de caso como opción metodológica, ya que nos interesa profundizar y comprender cómo las TIC se integran en los proyectos seleccionados.  Entre los resultados, encontramos que las TIC se incorporaron para organizar y representar mejor la información disponible, desarrollar herramientas de pensamiento crítico y mejores instrumentos para evaluar las prácticas. En suma, las TIC dan visibilidad al aprendizaje invisible que ocurre en los proyectos solidarios. Los jóvenes recrearon los contenidos disciplinares incorporando diversos lenguajes y recursos multimediales para mejorar su aprendizaje, expresar sus ideas y reflexiones y comunicar sus iniciativas. Allí surgieron nuevos espacios y formatos para la reflexión personal y grupal, y para la comunicación entre los distintos actores para aportar nuevos conocimientos, acompañar las iniciativas solidarias o acceder al servicio que brindaban, extendiendo el alcance de los proyectos de ApS para promover el desarrollo de una ciudadanía global.
Andre Jay Meissner
Authors: Casanovas Marc , García Cabañas Raquel , Córcoles César
Published: November 2019

Andre Jay Meissner trabaja como DevRel / BDM en Adobe y es uno de los impulsores de los Open Device Labs, un movimiento que pone a disposición de los desarrolladores de webs y aplicaciones una gran colección de dispositivos con el fin de poder testear sus productos.
Andre Jay Meissner (english version)
Authors: Casanovas Marc , García Cabañas Raquel , Córcoles César
Published: November 2019

Andre Jay Meissner Works as DevRel/ BDM at Adobe and he is one of the instigators of the Open Device Labs, which is a movement that has its strength in the community by providing web developers and a wide collection of applications to devices with the purpose of testing their products.
PLAY PAC
Authors: Ramos Raúl , Ribas Alberto , Ramírez Pau , Ribas Paquita
Published: November 2019

Uno de los trabajos dentro de la asignatura 'Narrativa Interactiva' tenía como objetivo realizar un análisis exhaustivo de la navegación de un sitio web. Para esta tarea, la página www.thewildernessdowntown.com, del grupo musical Arcade Fire fue la elegida, por estar realizada en HTML5 y con un alto grado de interactividad con el usuario.
El accceso es mejor que la propiedad
Authors: Cañigueral Albert
Published: November 2019

El consumo colaborativo es un fenómeno creciente en nuestra sociedad y cada vez presente en más ámbitos de nuestras vidas. La posesión de ciertos bienes y servicios está perdiendo fuerza frente al poder de tener acceso a estos sin necesidad de adquirirlos en propiedad.
Processing práctico (Parte 1 de 3)
Authors: García Pañella Oscar
Published: November 2019

Oscar García Pañella, Doctor en Realidad Virtual, presenta hasta cinco tutoriales sobre Processing, un lenguaje de programación de código abierto ideal para gente que quiere crear imágenes, animaciones e interacciones. Processing ha ido evolucionado desde una forma básica hasta convertirse en una herramienta de producción profesional.
Morphological Characterisation of Global Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana, L. Gaertn) Germplasm Reaction to Striga in Kenya
Authors: Nyongesa Sirengo Peter , Chrispus Oduor , Wamalwa Dennis Simiyu , Achieng Odeny Damaris , Paliwal Rajneesh , Lexa Matasyoh , George Dangasuk
Published: November 2019

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana, L. Gaertn) is an important food crop in Africa and Asia. Its grain is richer in protein, fat and minerals than other major cereals. The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth seriously limits finger millet production through reduced yield in agro-ecologies where they co-exist. The damage of Striga to cereal crops is more severe under drought and low soil fertility. The main objective of this study was to determine genetic basis for reaction to S. hermonthica among the selected germplasm of finger millet through genotyping by sequencing (GBS). One hundred finger millet genotypes were evaluated for reaction to S. hermonthica (Del) Benth infestation under field conditions at Alupe and Kibos in Western Kenya. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of 10 x 10 square (triple lattice). The genotypes were planted both under Striga (inoculated) and no Striga conditions and plant growth was monitored to maturity. Statistical analysis of phenotypic data using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) PROC ANOVA revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for morphological traits at P<0.05.
Improvement of Multiple-Locus VNTR Analysis Typing Scheme for Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Sorokin Vladimir M. , Pisanov Ruslan V. , Vodop'janov Aleksej S.
Published: November 2019

Aims: To improve a multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) assay for Helicobacter pylori typing.

Materials and Methods: Polymorphic VNTRs were searched by Gene Expert. The distribution and polymorphism of each VNTR locus were analyzed in 18 H. pylori genomes from the NCBI genome database by BLAST and were compared with a collection of 15 clinical H. pylori strains. The MLVA assay was compared with MLST-typing for discriminating H. pylori isolates.

Results: Twelve VNTR loci were identified by bioinformatic screening of H. pylori genomes, and five of them were highly polymorphic. Therefore, an MLVA assay composed of five VNTR loci was developed with greatest discriminatory power.

Conclusion: MLVA typing is a faster and more standardized method for studying the genetic relatedness of H. pylori isolates. At preliminary stage it is sufficient to use only 3 VNTR loci for the differentiation of H. pylori strains.
Phytochemical Screening of Etlingera elatior (Torch Ginger) Cultivated on Different Dosage of Biochar
Authors: Umaru Isaac John , Samling Benedict , Umaru Hauwa A.
Published: November 2019

Objective: This study was carried out with an objective to investigate the impact of biochar on phytochemical composition in plant especially Etlingera elatior cultivated on different dosage of biochar.

Methods: Etlingera elatior was cultivated on the pot with 20 cm diameter and 35 cm height. 3 replicates for pots of Etlingera elatior was cultivated and label as 0%, 5% and 20%. The ordinary farm soil without biochar (0%) as control, fertilized soil with biochar; 5% and 20%. In a net house and watered twice daily. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis was performed by using a non-polar BPX-5 capillary column with an initial temperature of 50°C hold for five minutes and then increased to 300°C at a rate of 5.0°C per minutes and hold 10 minutes. The biochar samples were analysed using an ATR-FTIR equipped with diamond crystal, controlled by OMNIC software (Thermo Nicolet Analytical Instruments, Madison, WI). A flat tip powder press was used to achieve even distribution and contact.

Results: The result showed significantly increased in the phytochemical composition with increase in the biochar concentration. At 0% phytol (13%), Hexadecanoic acid (9.76%), Neophytadiene (6.51%), coumarin (5.65%), precocene (5.27%) and caryophyllene (4.59%). At 5% are Dihydrocucurbitacin (13.69%), Niacinamide (11.02%), α-Limonene (10.01%), Phyrahen (9.23%), Phytol (7.24%) and Neophytadiene (5.75%) and at 20% Linoleic acid (39.98%), 2-pinen-4-ol (12.32%), Hexatriacontyl pentafluoropropionate (6.89%), Benzofuran (5.12%), Acethophenon (4.41%) and furfural (4.03%).

Conclusion: Application of biochar on soil can increase nutrient availability and enhance the development of phytochemical composition in plants. Without biochar, the chemical composition Etlingera elatior extract was slighlyt low. At 5% and 20% biochar, some compounds are increasing and new were obtained compared to 0% biochar. Most of the compounds known to be secondary metabolite which are rich in medicinal values. Thus, biochar could be used to increase the quantity and quality of phytochemicals in plant especially medicinal plants.
Influence of Age, Sex and Body Mass Index on the Levels of Glycosylated Haemoglobin among Non-Diabetic Nigerian Population
Authors: Collins Ani, Chijioke , Chijioke Ojobor, Charles , Uchenna Sunday Ezeanyika, Lawrence , Chukwunonso Obi, Bonaventure
Published: November 2019

The influence of age and sex on the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin among non-diabetic Nigerian population were investigated in this study. Seventy-nine non-diabetic individuals volunteered for the study and were grouped into male and female and then into four groups according to age: ≤ 20 years, 21 - 40 years, 41 - 60 years and ≥ 61 years. Fasting blood glucose, 2-hour post-load glucose, packed cell volume and genotype analyses of subjects were initially determined to ensure that subjects were non-diabetic and had no glucose metabolic impairment. Subsequently, glycosylated haemoglobin and body mass index were measured. Student’s t-test, Pearson correlation and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare the data which were presented as a mean ± standard deviation. Statistical significance was accepted at p ˂ 0.05. The results obtained showed that: (1) glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) significantly increased with age, (2) there is no correlation between HbA1c with sex and (3) there was a positive association between Hba1c and body mass index in normal glucose tolerant subjects. Based on the result of this study, the contributions of age and BMI to HbA1c levels should be taking into account when making diagnostic and therapeutic decisions with regard to diabetes care using HbA1c. The hba1c range of (4.0 - 5.2) % could be considered as the normal range for individuals below sixty-one years while the HbA1c level of ≤ 5.27% is suggested for individuals above sixty years. However, further studies are required especially to investigate the non-glycaemic factors affecting HbA1c levels in normal glucose tolerant populations so as to really understand the actual role glycosylated haemoglobin values play in diabetes management and diagnosis.
To Evaluate the Association between Serum Leptin and Insulin/Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Centre in North India
Authors: Athrey Manohar , Kumawat Manjulata , Aggarwal Sameer
Published: November 2019

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) a common endocrinological disorder among women in the reproductive age group, is associated with hyperinsulinemia/Insulin resistance, obesity, menstrual irregularities and anovulation.

Aim and Objectives: The present study was conducted to evaluate the association between insulin/insulin resistance and leptin among women with PCOS in a sample population of a tertiary care centre in North India.

Materials: Ninety newly diagnosed cases of PCOS as per Rotterdam criteria were enrolled in the study, along with ninety normal women of similar age and BMI. Serum insulin, fasting glucose and serum leptin were estimated, Insulin resistance was calculated using (HOMA-IR) the homeostatic model for assessment-insulin resistance.

Results: In our study leptin levels were raised in both cases and in controls. Leptin levels correlated positively with BMI among the cases (r=0.21) and also among the controls (r=0.003). In our study PCOS women had higher mean BMI and leptin levels when compared to controls. Insulin levels correlated positively with BMI among the cases (r=0.21) and was statistically significant (P=.004). Insulin levels were higher in women with BMI in the overweight and obese category. Although most of our cases were of lean weight and BMI in the normal range, high insulin and IR was detected in them showing impaired glucose metabolism. Leptin levels were higher in cases group who also had high IR when compared to healthy controls in our study. Leptin levels correlated positively with IR among cases (r=0.25) and this was statistically significant (P=.013).

Conclusion: Our study showed higher serum Leptin, insulin and IR among PCOS cases when compared to the control group.
Genetic Variability and Diversity Analysis in Pod and Seed Characters of Some Neglected and Underutilized Legumes (NULs)
Authors: Agbolade J. O. , Olakunle T. P. , Popoola K. M. , Idowu J. A. , Isiaka A. I. , Aasa-Sadique A. D.
Published: November 2019

In response to the paucity of information challenge on the neglected and underutilized legumes, this paper explored pods and seeds morphological data of the twenty-four accessions of these crops with a view to establishing the occurrence of genetic variability and diversity analysis among the studied taxa. Twenty-four accessions of neglected and underutilized legumes (NULs) obtained from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria were assessed for genetic variability and diversity analysis through Pod and seed morphological characters. Each accession was planted into plot of 5 ridges of 5 meter long, spaced 1 meter apart and replicated three times at the teaching and research farm of the Federal University Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was employed to evaluate differences in the mean values of the accessions while discriminatory traits among accessions were identified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Similarities among the studied plants were assessed by cluster analysis. The first two principal component axes explained 72% of the total variation. Pod length, pod width and 100-seed weight were traits that contributed most of the variations in the legume accessions. There was a display of intra-species similarities and inter-specific genetic diversity among the studied accessions.