bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kelayakan Buku Panduan Lapangan “Keanekaragaman Pohon di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Lambung Mangkurat” sebagai Sumber Belajar Mandiri Konsep Keanekaragaman Hayati
Authors: Andira Novia , Noorhidayati Noorhidayati , Riefani Maulana Khalid
Published: August 2021

The environment is a natural laboratory that presents unique phenomena that humans must study. Plants in the surrounding environment can be used as learning resources and media to bring students closer to their learning objects. Learning by utilizing objects in the surrounding environment can help the learning process. The diversity of tree in the Lambung Mangkurat University campus can be used as a source of learning and support learning based on the concept of diversity. One of the learning media that can be developed is a field guide book to guide users when learning independently in the environment. This study aims to describe the validity of the results of the development of a field guide "diversity of trees in the Lambung Mangkurat University campus". The feasibility of the field guide book was obtained from two experts and one high school biology teacher. The results of the validator's input and suggestions become material for correction and revision of learning products. The results of the field guide book validation show that the product is very valid and theoretically or procedurally feasible to be used for implementation at a later stage.
Validitas Buku Etnobotani Tumbuhan Nauclea subdita (Korth) Steud. di Kawasan Hutan Bukit Tamiang Kabupaten Tanah Laut
Authors: Audra Sonia , Dharmono Dharmono , Amintarti Sri
Published: August 2021

Validation is an action taken to review the initial product, and then provides input for further improvement. This study aims to determine the validity of popular scientific books developed about the plant ethnobotany Nauclea subdita (Korth) Steud. in the Tamiang hill forest area of Tanah Laut Regency as teaching material in the form of popular scientific books. This research uses the development research method with the model of education design research (EDR) through formative evaluation of the tessmer test. The validation test was conducted by 2 expert validators. The results showed the popular scientific book Nauclea subdita (Korth) Steud. developed is classified as very valid, based on the results of expert validation which shows very valid criteria with a value of 90.63%.
Negative CO2 Emissions from Flexible Biofuel Synthesis: Concepts, Potentials, Technologies
Authors: Moioli Emanuele , Schildhauer Tilman
Published: August 2021

This review reports the available technologies for the flexible utilization of biomass towards negative CO2 emissions and addresses the possibility to couple biogas production plants with the electrical grid converting excess electrical energy into storable chemical molecules. This changed mind-set towards biomass utilization can lead readily to the implementation of negative CO2 emission along the entire bioenergy supply chain without limiting the potential for Power-to-X applications. First, the technologies for direct conversion of waste and wood into gaseous energy carriers are screened, to highlight the potential for the production of renewable fuels. Second, the processes for the removal of CO2 from biogenic gas streams are analysed in terms of technological performance, cost and further potential for the CO2 recovered. These technologies are the key to pre-combustion CO2 capture and negative emissions. Third, the possibility of coupling biomass conversion and synthetic fuels production is explored, providing an overview on the technical maturity of the various energy storage processes. The flexible use of biomass can be an essential part of the future CO2-free energy systems, as it can directly provide energy carriers all around the year and also large quantities of climate-neutral carbon for the production of synthetic fuels with renewable energy. In turn, when no additional renewable electricity is available, the CO2 by-product from biofuel synthesis can be used for the negative emissions. This opens the way to an efficient strategy for the seasonal storage of electrical energy, realizing a carbon-neutral energy system coupled with the development of carbon-negative energy strategy.
Phubbing and Social Intelligence: Role-Playing Experiment on Bystander Inaccessibility
Authors: Mantere Eerik , Savela Nina , Oksanen Atte
Published: August 2021

Smartphone use has changed patterns of online and offline interaction. Phubbing (i.e., looking at one’s phone instead of paying attention to others) is an increasingly recognized phenomenon in offline interaction. We examined whether people who phub are more likely to have lower social intelligence, whether phubbing is considered more annoying than being ignored due to reading a magazine, and if people describe smartphones and magazines differently as sources of social distraction. We collected two survey samples (N = 112, N = 108) for a cartoon-based role-playing experiment (the Bystander Inaccessibility Experiment) in which a smartphone user and a person reading a magazine ignored the respondents’ conversational initiatives. Annoyance in each scenario was measured, and written accounts were collected on why the respondents rated the scenarios the way they did. Other measures used included the Generic Scale of Phubbing, Generic Scale of Being Phubbed, and Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale. The results showed that participants in both samples were more annoyed by phubbing than by being ignored due to reading a magazine. Linear regression analyses showed that phubbing was associated with lower social intelligence, even after adjusting for confounding factors. The annoyingness of phubbing was explained with negative attitudes toward smartphones, which were assumed to be used for useless endeavors, while magazines were more appreciated and seen as more cultivating. The role of bystanders’ epistemic access to the smartphone user’s activities is discussed.
Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Restraint Use in Aged Care
Authors: Breen Juanita Louise , Wimmer Barbara C , Smit Chloe , Courtney-Pratt Helen , Lawler Katherine , Salmon Katharine , Price Andrea , Goldberg Lynette
Published: August 2021

Restraint use in Australian residential aged care has been highlighted by the media, and investigated by researchers, government and advocacy bodies. In 2018, the Royal Commission into Aged Care selected ‘Restraint’ as a key focus of inquiry. Subsequently, Federal legislation was passed to ensure restraint is only used in residential aged care services as the ‘last resort’. To inform and develop Government educational resources, we conducted qualitative research to gain greater understanding of the experiences and attitudes of aged care stakeholders around restraint practice. Semi-structured interviews were held with 28 participants, comprising nurses, care staff, doctors, physiotherapists, pharmacists and relatives. Two focus groups were also conducted to ascertain the views of residential and community aged care senior management staff. Data were thematically analyzed using a pragmatic approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development. Five themes were identified during the study: 1. Understanding of restraint; 2. Support for Legislation; 3. Restraint-free environments are not possible; 4. Low-level restraint, and 5. Restraint in the community is uncharted. Although most staff, health practitioners and relatives have a basic understanding of restraint, more education is needed at a conceptual level to enable them to identify and avoid restraint practice, particularly ‘low-level’ forms and chemical restraint. There was strong support for the new restraint regulations, but most interviewees admitted they were unsure what the legislation entailed. With regards to resources, stakeholders wanted recognition that there were times when restraint was necessary and advice on what to do in these situations, as opposed to unrealistic aspirations for restraint-free care. Stakeholders reported greater oversight of restraint in residential aged care but stated that community restraint use was largely unknown. Research is needed to investigate the extent and types of restraint practice in community aged care.
Spoiled for Choice during Cold Season? Habitat Use and Potential Impacts of the Invasive Silurus glanis L. in a Deep, Large and Oligotrophic Lake (Lake Maggiore, North Italy)
Authors: De Santis Vanessa , Volta Pietro
Published: August 2021

Ecological information of invasive alien species are crucial for their effective management. How-ever, they are often lacking in newly invaded ecosystems. This is the case of the European catfish Silurus glanis L. in Lake Maggiore where the species is present since 1990 but no scientific infor-mation are available on its ecology. To start filling this knowledge gap, 236 catfish (67 cm to 150 cm of total length) were collected, measured, and dissected for stomach content analyses from three localities and in two habitats (littoral vs. pelagic) in late autumn/early winter. NPUE and BPUE (individuals and biomass (g) per unit effort (m2)) of catfish was generally higher in littoral (NPUE > 0.01; BPUE > 96) than pelagic habitats (NPUE < 0.009; BPUE < 114) but catfish had, on average, larger sizes in pelagic habitats. Overall, 581 individual prey items were recorded belonging to12 taxa. Pelagic catfish specialized their diet exclusively on three prey fish (coregonids, shad and roach) whilst the diet of littoral catfish was more variable, and was dominated by crayfish, perch, and roach. These results highlighted for the first time the interaction of larger catfish with the lake’s pelagic food web, and thus possible consequences are discussed, including the potential contrasting role S. glanis may have for the lake’s fishery.
Peran Green Product Innovation Dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis Industri Kreatif
Authors: Hadiah Fitriyah  , Bambang Tjahjadi  , Noorlailie Soewarno
Published: August 2021

This study aims to empirically examine the role of green product innovation in mediating the influence of corporate social responsibility on the business performance of the creative industries of batik. The research approach used is quantitative research. The population is the creative industries of spread the r Sidoarjo and Bangkalan regions. The number of Small and Medium Industries of batik crafts in Sidoarjo and Bangkalan is 98 batik creative industries. The sample in this study were 79 creative industries of batik using the Slovin formula, then the determination and distribution of the sample was based on simple random sampling. The analytical method used in the data processing in this study uses SEM-PLS with the help of SmartPLS software. The results showed that: (1) corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences green product innovation (GPI) with a t value of 5.384 and a Pvalue of 0.000; (2) green product innovation  (GPI) influences business performance with a t value of 5.492 and Pvalue of 0.000; (3) green product innovation(GPI) is able to mediate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) business performance (BP) of creative industries with a t value of 3.771 and a Pvalue of 0.000.
Optimisme Investor dan Kinerja Jangka Panjang Saham Pasca Initial Public Offerings yang Listing Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Mu’minatus Sholichah
Published: August 2021

This study discusses and analyzes from the perspective of investor optimism and long-term performance after the IPO in the Indonesian capital market. Observations will be made regarding the influence of investors on the increase in the length of shares after the IPO with control variables of company size, company age, offer size, the achievement of underwriters, profitability on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses data from 2004-2017, with 194 IPO companies from 2004-2015 in the Indonesian capital market. Testing is done by using two drunken linear regression. The results of this study indicate that investors in the Indonesian capital market not only consider irrational factors but also consider rational factors about the company's character in making decisions to buy IPO shares. The characteristics of the company include the size of the company and the size of the stock offering. This study provides benefits for IPO stock investors who rely on the benefits of initial stock investment in a relatively long period of time so as not to suffer losses
Skepticism and Professionalism to Fraud Detection Ability
Authors: Prayoga Hizkia , Sudaryati Erina
Published: August 2021

This study aims to prove the impact of skepticism and professionalism on the fraud detection ability of internal government auditors in East Java Province. Primary data is usedto obtain data from respondents, namely 102 APIP taken with saturated samples. Thecollected data were then analyzed using SEM PLS version 3.0, where the results provethat skepticism and professionalism has a positive impact on Fraud Detection Ability
Perkembangan Penelitian Sejarah Akuntansi di Indonesia dalam Bingkai Perspektif NAH
Authors: Nawangsari Ajeng Tita , Hanun Nur Ravita
Published: August 2021

This study aims to capture the development of new accounting history research in order to understand the extent to which accounting history has been carried out and the possible direction of research in the future. This study use literature review to collect the data. The result shows that the NAH research in Indonesia has been carried out such as accounting research during the colonioal period, the early era of Indonesia’s independence, the ancient java and bali period. However, the opportunity to do the New accounting history research in Indonesia is still widely open considering that Indonesia is a country with many cultures and dynamics. Some opportunities in this field are accounting research during the Islamic Kingdom and contemporary accounting research which can describe various current accounting dynamics that impact the development of accounting.
Peran Mediasi Persepsi Harga Terhadap Kualitas Pengalaman dan Kepuasan Wisatawan
Authors: Kusumah Echo Perdana , Hurriyati Ratih , Hamsani Hamsani
Published: August 2021

Tourist experiences can provide an assessment of a destination by tourists. In the context of island destinations, this study aims to explore deeper the quality of tourist experiences, price perceptions, and tourist satisfaction. The quality of the tourist experience consists of various variables, including escapist, pleasure, relaxation and involvement. A total of 157 samples were obtained through online convenience sampling method for tourists who have visited Belitung Island. Respondents are devoted to tourists who are located outside Belitung Island to avoid biased answers from local residents. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was applied in this study. The results show that only the involvement factor in the quality of tourist experience can influence price perception. Perceptions of prices can indirectly mediate the quality of tourist experiences, except for relaxation. Regardless of the fact that visitors consider the price to be outrageous (expensive or unsuitable), they will still create a positive assessment of the destination if they can involve in the decision-making process. In turn they will be satisfied with their experiences.
The Effectiveness of the Ider-Ider Learning Model Based on Javanese Local Wisdom on Humanistic Literacy of Elementary School Students
Authors: Puspita Ari Metalin Ika , Saud Udin Syaefudin , Damaianti Vismaia S , Mulyati Yeti
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the ider-ider learning model based on Javanese local wisdom on humanistic literacy. The research method in this research is quantitative method, while the research design uses Quasi Experimental Design. The data collection technique in this study is to use a questionnaire sheet. Data analysis in this study used a comparative test. the results of the comparison test with the Wilcoxon formula obtained a significance value of 0.001 (<0.05). These results indicate that there is a difference between humanistic literacy before and after the application of the Ider-Ider Learning Model Based on Local Wisdom. This model will be able to provide understanding to students about the value of togetherness or humanism. Based on the results of the study showed that the ider-ider learning model based on Javanese local wisdom was effective in improving the humanistic literacy of elementary school students.
Inclusive Practices: Strengthening Character Through Social Participation of Deaf Students
Authors: Amka Amka , Mirnawati Mirnawati
Published: August 2021

This study aims to observe and analyze the practice of social participation of tunarunggu students in realizing character strengthening on the inclusive campus of Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin. Research respondents were 31 people in one class, consisting of 5 deaf students and 26 other peer students. Social participation is examined through three key elements, namely: social relations of friendship, acceptance of classmates, and student perceptions. The study uses a quantitative approach with survey methods. Data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistics. The results of the study show the success of strengthening character education through social participation in inclusive settings for students who are disabled with their peers or vice versa
Students' Perceptions of Equal Opportunities for Higher Education
Authors: Fithriana Noora , Firdausi Firman
Published: August 2021

The research aim was measuring perception of students to equality of opportunity to get higher education at Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University. To meet the aim and collect the primary data, a questionnaire survey was held to 326 Tribhuwana Tunggadewi active students in the year of 2019 by simple random sampling. Data validation was with construct validity and Alpha Cronbach. The analyzed data was with a quantitative technique by Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS 22. The research results measured from the prospects that most students perceived “yes” the admission pathways were diverse (M = 6); the admission phases were enough (M = 6); the information and requirements were clear (M = 6); the campus promotion got to school (M = 5); most students perceived admission opportunity to all class (M = 6); and most students perceived “no” ethnic discrimination when registering (M = 4). From the means equality, most students perceived “yes” the admission test was acceptable for all registrants (M = 6); the general test informed the score to the registrants (M = 6); the registration rules equal for all registrants (M = 6); the general test informed schedule before (M = 6); the admission considered achievements, interests, and talents (M = 6); and the applicants passed the general test accepted (M = 6). The research results had a measurement score if it was true significant that the mean of perception equals to 6 of the undergraduate students perception.
The Influence of the School Literacy Movement through the Utilization of Reading Angles on Reading Interest of Elementary School Students
Authors: Ana Ria Fajrin Rizqy
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the School Literacy Movement on students' interest in reading at Kendalrejo 01 Public Elementary School. This study used a quantitative approach with an ex post facto method. The instruments used were questionnaires and learning outcomes. The results showed the value of t_ (count) of 5.498, while t_table is known to be 1.987, then 5.498> 1.987. So it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of the School Literacy Movement on the reading interest of students at SDN Kendalrejo 01 with a coefficient of determination of 25.4%.
Proposta Didática para o ensino Híbrido da comunicação oral-argumentativa no ensino médio integrado
Authors: Santos Gleyde , Cavalcante Rivadavia
Published: August 2021

Esta sequência didática é a materialização de um produto educacional fruto da dissertação de mestrado profissional intitulada “Letramentos para construção da autonomia do técnico de nível médio em agropecuária: uma proposta didática para o ensino híbrido da comunicação oral-argumentativa”, do Programa de pós-graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica – ProfEpt/Campus Palmas do IFTO. Dessa forma, o presente produto educacional foi orientado para auxiliar as práticas educacionais de ensino em EPT, com base nos aportes teórico conceituais que discutem a omnilateralidade dos sujeitos, com vistas a atualização do currículo na escola de formação profissional e tecnológica, sobretudo no que se refere a melhora da oralidade dos estudantes e construção da sua autonomia por meio do pensar e agir críticos. A escolha por essa temática da linguagem com base na oralidade e construção da autonomia estudantil se deu pelo fato de constatarmos a necessidade desses aspectos tanto na organização curricular de EPT, com base no estudo que realizamos, como nas limitações enfrentadas pelo público estudantil. Conclui-se que estes sujeitos carecem de atividades com base nos letramentos escolares e contemporâneos da língua, inclusive que abarque a leitura e a reflexão sobre o uso das novas tecnologias em circulação, mas não de forma apenas instrumentalizada.
Distribution And Transport of Heavy Metals In Surface Sediments of Chengbei Sea Area In The Bohai Sea Under The Action of Multiple Factors
Authors: Lei Zhiyu , Hu Rijun , Zhang Xiaodong , Zhu Longhai , Yi Yanjun , Liu Bo , Yuan Xiaodong
Published: August 2021

This study analyzed the distribution characteristics of Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Pb in surface sediments of Chengbei Sea area and estimated the pollution status using grain size and heavy metal data of surface sediments from June 2015. Furthermore, the main controlling factors of the distribution and transport of heavy metals are discussed from the two aspects of natural processes and human activities. The results showed that the surface sediments were not polluted by the heavy metals, except for Cd, which exhibited a small degree of pollution. Cu, Zn, and Cd were mainly attributable to natural sources, and their distribution characteristics were basically the same. Areas with high concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Cd were mainly distributed in the northeast of the study area, reflecting a clear correspondence to the zonation of the sedimentary dynamic environment. Their distribution characteristics were mainly controlled by the grain size of surface sediments. Areas with high concentrations of Cr and Pb were mainly distributed in the northwest and east-central parts of the study area, and the corresponding relationship with the zonation was not obvious. Their distribution characteristics were mainly affected by sediment transport and tidal residual current.
Developing a Needle-Knife Surgical Device
Authors: RAVAGLIA FABIO , JUNIOR ALBERTO CLIQUET
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Nowadays, a new era of orthopedic surgery is taking place. Procedures like video surgery, ultrasound-guided interventions, invasive pain interventions, orthopedic procedures, hydro dissection, dry needling, thermography-assisted pain management, and modern acupuncture started to be widely performed1,2. Background: In 2011 and 2012, Ravaglia & Cliquet presented papers on an Arthroscopic Needle-Knife Surgical Prototype Device (ANKSD)2 in Prague, TWC 20112, and in Dubai, OWC 20123. It was a paper presenting a prototype of a needle-knife for orthopedic procedures based on an 18G11/2 needle. Ravaglia and Cliquet wrote the paper “Comparison of two different needles used as knife on knee arthroscopic portal scalpel procedures”4, which was presented at the XXVI SICOT Triennial World Congress, in Guangzhou, China, in 2015. This research compares arthroscopic portal incisions using an 18G11/2 needle or a metal guide intravenous catheter 14Gx2. They concluded that there were no differences in complications such as infections, wound healing, hematoma, and skin healing time. After this, these researchers started a virtual development of a new needle-knife surgical device. Objective: The aim of the project is a virtual development of a needle-knife surgical device to be useful for minimally invasive ultrasound-assisted orthopedic surgical procedures, videos arthroscopic portals augmentation, and other surgical procedures. Method: Three different needle devices were compared. One is a base model 1 and the other two are experimental models (2 and 3). They are based on a metal guide for intravenous catheter 14Gx2''. The base one model 1 is the metal guide for intravenous catheter 14Gx2''; the experimental model 2 is a flat beveled edge, and experimental model 3 is a board bevel edge6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16. They are all graduated, parylene-coated, with a stop handle needle guard. The devices are multifunctional: Infusion, aspiration, and surgical sever.The devices were developed by 3D Design 3D STEP Standard Format, Catia V5 Format, and 2D Format Design and 3D Model. They were performed through simulation (Software Simulia Abaqus). They were biomechanically simulated with Virtual Biomechanical Strength Simulation17,18,19,20. The Strengths were assessed by Needle Strength Analysis (CAE Simulation)21.Results: For the displacement result, stiffness assessment, we have 7.48 mm for the baseline needle, 8.08mm for model 2, an increase of 8%, and for model 3 we have 7.75 mm, an increase of 3.6%. Conclusion: These devices seem suitable for echo-assisted orthopedic surgery interventions and other procedures according to virtual analysis. Further in vivo procedures shall be performed.
Digitalis Therapy in Patients With Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Schupp Tobias , von Zworowsky Max , Karaca Bican , Reiser Linda , Abumayyaleh Mohammad , Weidner Kathrin , Mashayekhi Kambis , Bertsch Thomas , Abba Mohammed L. , Akin Ibrahim , Behnes Michael
Published: August 2021

Objective: The study sought to assess the prognostic value of treatment with digitalis on long-term prognosis in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias and atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or heart failure (HF).Background: Data regarding outcome of digitalis therapy following ventricular tachyarrhythmias is limited.Methods: A large retrospective registry was used including consecutive patients with episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT) or fibrillation (VF) from 2002 to 2015. Patients treated with digitalis were compared to patients without. The primary prognostic outcome was all-cause mortality at three years, secondary endpoints comprised of a composite arrhythmic endpoint (i.e., recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, sudden cardiac death) and cardiac rehospitalization. Kaplan Meier, multivariable cox regression and time trend analyses were applied for statistics.Results: A total of 831 patients were included (20% treated with digitalis and 80% without). At three years, digitalis treatment was not associated with all-cause mortality in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias (24% vs. 21%, log rank p=0.736; HR=1.063; 95% CI 0.746-1.515; p=0.736). However, digitalis therapy was associated with increased risk of the composite endpoint (38% vs. 23%; log rank p=0.001; HR=1.719; 95% CI 1.279-2.311; p=0.001) and cardiac rehospitalization (31% vs. 18%; log rank p=0.001; HR=1.829; 95% CI 1.318-2.538; p=0.001) at three years, which was still evident within multivariable Cox regression analyses. Finally, digitoxin was associated with worse prognosis than digoxin.Conclusion: Digitalis therapy was not associated mortality in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias, but with increased risk of the composite arrhythmic endpoint and cardiac rehospitalization at three years.
Fabrication of transparent spinel by the reactive spark plasma sintering of spray-dried Magnesia-Alumina nanocomposite without sintering aid
Authors: Davar F. , Heidari Nasrin , Alhaji Amir
Published: August 2021

In this project, magnesia-alumina composite granules were prepared using spray drying method. Next, the synthesized powder was sintered at 1400°C for 15 min under 100 MPa pressure through spark plasma sintering without using any sintering aid. The effect of two sintering temperatures of 1400 °C and 1500 °C was explored on the phase formation, density, fracture toughness, and optical transmission within visible and IR ranges. SEM results indicated that the magnesia-alumina composite granules had spherical morphology with the mean particle size of 21 micrometers. The XRD pattern showed that after the spark plasma sintering stage at 1400 °C and 1500 °C, the spinel phase of magnesium aluminate was obtained as in situ. The disc sintered at 1400 °C had greater maximum transmission compared to the samples sintered at 1500 °C (47% vs. ~70%) within the middle IR region because of lower porosity of the sample. The magnesium aluminate spinel sintered at 1400 °C had a density 99.98% of the theoretical density, hardness 18 GPa, and fracture toughness 1.6 MPam1/2.
Using a back propagation neutral network based modeling and heuristic algorithms based optimization technique in activated gas tungsten arc welding process
Authors: Moghaddam Masoud Azadi , Kolahan Farhad
Published: August 2021

In this study, a modeling method based on an artificial neural networks model combined with a back propagation algorithm (BPNN) and an optimization procedure based on heuristic algorithms (particle swarm optimization (PSO) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithms) have been proposed for modeling and optimization of activated gas tungsten arc welding (A-GTAW) process in order to tackle the poor penetration drawback occurs during GTAW process. in this study effect of the most important process adjusting variables including welding current (C), welding speed (S)) and percentage of activating fluxes (TiO2 and SiO2) combination (F) on the most important quality characteristics (weld bead width (WBW), depth of penetration (DOP), and consequently aspect ratio (ASR)) in welding of AISI316L austenite stainless steel parts have been investigated. Box-behnken and central composite designs (BBD and CCD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) in design of experiments (DOE) method have been employed to gather the required data for modeling and optimization purposes. Then, BPNN has been used to determine the relations between A-GTAW process input variables and output responses. To determine the proper BPNN model architecture (the proper hidden layers’ number and their corresponding neurons/nodes in each layer) PSO algorithm has been used. Next, PSO and SA algorithms have been used to optimize the proposed BPNN model in such a way that desired AR, minimum WBW, and maximum DOP achieved. Finally, confirmation experimental tests have been conducted to evaluate the proposed procedure performance. Based on the results, the proposed method is efficient in modeling and optimization (less than 7% error) of A-GTAW process.
Drought-Hardening Improve Waterlogging Tolerance of Maize at Seedling Stage
Authors: Li Caixia , Hamani Mounkaila , Sun Jingsheng , Guangshuai Wang , Huifeng Ning , Liu Zhandong , Qisheng Han
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to investigate the stress tolerance of maize by exploring the changes in abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, biomass accumulation, and transpiration rate of maize exposed to drought and waterlogging stress; The experiment was conducted in a controlled greenhouse by setting up a total of 17 treatments of water stress, waterlogging stress, and drought stress followed by waterlogging. A completely randomized block design was employed; Waterlogging limited the formation of maize biomass more than that by water stress. Waterlogging alone (W) inhibited more strongly the growth of the aboveground part than of the underground part, causing a de-crease in the canopy-to-root ratio. However, the canopy-to-root ratio increased under waterlogging after drought. Under drought and waterlogging stress, the ABA concentrations of maize leaves and roots changed gradually, decreasing from the leaves to the root base, then middle root, and finally root tip. Early water stress had a greater effect on leaf ABA concentration than on root ABA concentration, and leaves were the most sensitive to drought stress. Root system was more sensitive to drought stress followed by waterlogging; Moderate controlled drought at the seedling stage can improve their resistance to subsequent waterlogging stress, but the subsequent water-logging stress should not last more than 7 days.
Subtypes of m6A RNA Modification Defines Tumor Microenvironment, Immunotherapy and Pharmacogenomic Landscape in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Li Song , Hou Yifan , Hou Junqing , Li Xiaodong , Zhang Jianhua , Wang Shangren , Liu Xiaoqiang
Published: August 2021

Background:M6A methylation is an epigenetic modification of RNA molecules, which is potentially related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Methods:We systematically described the mRNA expression and gene changes of 20 RNA modified m6A related genes in prostate cancer(PCA), and evaluated their expression modification patterns in TCGA database samples. Two groups of clustering samples were used to find 3022 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were used for unsupervised clustering, and then the samples were divided into two groups of expression patterns and the significant prognosis of DEGs were screened. Then, we constructed risk scores based on survival and prognosis to quantify RNA modification related subtypes of the tumor. In addition, we also analyzed the relationship between risk_score groups and characteristics of TME, clinical pathology, drug response and the efficacy of immunotherapy. Results:We demonstrated that the prognostic risk stratification of m6A RNA modification was associated with survival, TME immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy response in patients with prostate cancer. We constructed a risk_score model based on the prognosis of m6A, which was divided into high-risk group and low-risk group. The risk_score-high group was positively correlated with Itreg cells, and the infiltration of B cells, T cells, CD4+, endothelial cells and T cells CD8+ was higher in risk_score-high group. The gene expression of each immune checkpoint was high in risk_score-high group which had higher TIDE score and MSI score than risk_score-low group. Conclusions:We conducted a comprehensive analysis and risk stratification of m6A in prostate cancer for the first time, revealed the potential functions of risk stratification in TME, immunotherapy and transcription, and determined their potential therapeutic value in targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
Differences in spatial patterns and driving factors of biomass carbon density between natural coniferous and broad-leaved forests in mountainous terrain, eastern Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Sun Lina , Wang Qixiang , Fan Xiaohui
Published: August 2021

Background

Mountain forests in China are an integral part of the country’s natural vegetation. Understanding the spatial variability and control mechanisms for biomass carbon density of mountain forests is necessary to make full use of the carbon sequestration potential for climate change mitigation. Based on the 9th national forest inventory data in Shanxi Province, which is mountainous terrain, eastern Loess Plateau of China, we characterized the spatial pattern of biomass carbon density for natural coniferous and broad-leaved forests using Local Getis-ord G* and proposed an integrative framework to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of stand, geographical and climatic factors on biomass carbon density for the two types of forests using structural equation modeling.
Results

There was no significant difference between the mean biomass carbon densities of the natural coniferous and broad-leaved forests. The number of spots with a spatial autocorrelation accounted for 51.6% of all plots of the natural forests. Compared with the broad-leaved forests, the hot spots at the 1% significance level for the coniferous forests were distributed in areas with higher latitude, higher elevation, lower temperature, and lower precipitation. Geographical factors affected biomass carbon density positively and indirectly, via the stand and climatic factors, with larger effects for the natural coniferous than broad-leaved forests. Latitude and elevation are the most crucial driving factors for coniferous forests, but stand age and forest coverage are for broad-leaved forests. Climatic factors had weaker effects than other factors, with negative effects of temperature for coniferous and no effects for broad-leaved forests.
Conclusions

The effects of stand, geographical and climatic factors on biomass carbon density are different between natural coniferous and broad-leaved forests, respectively. Employing the integrative framework can improve the prediction of the impact of stand, geographical and climatic factors on natural forests in mountainous areas.
The Effect of Neural Stem Cell Treatment on Astrocyte Phenotypes morphology and Galectin Expression in Following Rat Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Kilcoyne Michelle , Dooley Dearbhaile , Patar Azim , Bergin Niall , Duane Laura , Thompson Kerry , Allsopp Timothy , Barry Frank , McMahon Siobhan
Published: August 2021

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in complex neurological dysfunction. Astrocytes react in response to SCI by undergoing proliferation and migrating to the injury site, resulting in astrogliosis. Neural stem cells (NSCs) have been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy to promote neurogenesis following transplantation post SCI. In this study the antigenic and morphological phenotype of astrocytes, and the pattern of galectin expression was examined following SCI. Female Sprague Dawley rats were contused at thoracic (T) level T9 and treated with Cyclosporin-A (CsA) and/or NSCs 1 week post-injury. CsA and NSC treatment led to increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), brain lipid binding protein (BLBP) and vimentin expression. Quiescent and reactive astrocytes were the most abundant cell morphology observed. Astrocytes co-localised with galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3). Gal-1 expression was increased in both CsA and CSA + NSC treated animals 2 weeks post-treatment. Treatment with CsA and/or NSCs offers many prospective beneficial effects. A detailed revelation of how astrocytes are heterogeneously responsive to SCI, in addition to their affinity to galectins and response to CsA and NSCs is shown in this study. The current study’s findings support the potential application of NSCs as a novel therapeutic tool in the treatment of SCI.
High-Density Ceramics Obtained By Andesite Basalt Sintering
Authors: Pavkov Vladimir , Bakić Gordana , Maksimović Vesna , Cvijović-Alagić Ivana , Đorđević Marija Prekajski , Bučevac Dušan , Matović Branko
Published: August 2021

Modern industrial requirements include not only the usage of constructive materials with good mechanical properties but also materials obtained through environmentally friendly and low-cost processing procedures. Basalt, as a low-cost raw material, is regarded as a good candidate for industrial constructive parts production. In the present study, andesite basalt originated from the deposit site "Donje Jarinje", Serbia, was examined as a potential raw material for high-density ceramics production. The production of high-density ceramics included dry milling, homogenization, cold isostatic pressing, and sintering in the air. To determine the optimal processing parameters the sintering was conducted at 1040, 1050, 1060, 1070, and 1080 °C, and afterward the sintering duration was varied from 30 to 240 min at the optimal sintering temperature of 1060 °C. Characterization of the starting and sintered materials included the estimation of particle size distribution, density, hardness, and fracture toughness complemented with X-ray diffraction, light optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Phase transformations did not occur during processing in the investigated temperature range from 1040 to 1080 °C. The obtained research results showed that 99.5% of relative density and the highest hardness and fracture toughness values of 6.7 GPa and 2.2 MPaÖm, respectively, were achieved for the andesite basalt sintered at 1060 °C for 60 min in the air. The results of the presented study confirmed that the sintered andesite basalt can be used as a high-density ceramic material for various industrial applications since this environmentally friendly material shows satisfactory mechanical properties.
Trace of evanescent wave polarization by atomic vapor spectroscopy
Authors: MOSLEH M. , RANJBARAN M. , HAMIDI S. M.
Published: August 2021

Various efforts have been made to determine the polarization state of evanescent waves in different structures. The present study shows the reliability of magneto-optical spectroscopy of D1 and D2 lines of rubidium metal and polarization-dependent transitions to investigate and trace the changes in the polarization state of evanescent fields during total internal reflection over different angles. For this purpose, we design and fabricate atomic evanescent Rb vapor cells and examine the effect of polarization changes of evanescent waves, depending on the propagation direction of evanescent waves in anisotropic rubidium vapor media under different external magnetic field configurations theoretically and experimentally. The results confirm the dependency of allowed transitions on the magneto optical configuration as a tool to determine changes in the polarization of evanescent waves in more complicated wave states in anisotropic media.
Lake sediment DNA as a proxy in fish population studies: analytical challenges and opportunities
Authors: Huang Doreen Yu-Tuan , Bindler Richard , Bigler Christian , Ninnes Sofia , Olajos Fredrik , Lau Danny Chun Pong , Klaminder Jonatan , Wang Xiao-Ru
Published: August 2021

Sedimentary environmental DNA (sed-eDNA) coupled with metabarcoding is increasingly exploited for ecological studies, but application of the method to resolve fish dynamics in lakes still needs better validation. This study (1) evaluated the sed-eDNA yields from the commonly used DNeasy PowerSoil DNA Kit from mineral-rich and organic-rich sediments and (2) examined the viability of fish sed-eDNA recovery and detection in surface sediment samples from 13 Swedish mountain lakes, with organic contents of 18–52%, by using conventional PCR and droplet digital PCR. Based on concurrent fish-population surveys these lakes contain arctic char and brown trout. We show that, compared to other specifically designed lysis buffers, the DNeasy PowerSoil DNA Kit is less effective to recover DNA from organic-rich sediments and almost 50% of the extracted DNA was lost during purification steps. The amplification of fish sed-eDNA using conventional PCR with teleo primers failed to detect positive signals; whereas ddPCR assays enabled quantification of amplifiable DNA in all the extracts. However, further molecular cloning of the positive ddPCR droplets from one sediment sample revealed amplified sequences of unidentified origin that cannot be aligned well to fish. Thus the performance of the teleo primers for quantification of fish sed-eDNA detection requires further examination. For detection of fish sed-eDNA for ecological studies, we suggest that DNA extraction methods and primers should be carefully selected and the performance of ddPCR to detect DNA at low quantities needs to be further scrutinized to circumvent the pitfalls of false positives.
Automatic Lung Segmentation in Chest X-ray Images Using Improved U-Net
Authors: Liu Wufeng , Luo Jiaxin , Yang Yan , Wang Wenlian , Deng Junkui , Yu Liang
Published: August 2021

Automatic and highly accurate lung segmentation in chest X-ray (CXR) images is the basis of computer-aided diagnosis systems, because the lung is the region of interest of many diseases, and it can show useful information through its contours. However, automatic lung segmentation is immensely challenging due to extreme variations in the shape, obscure lung area, or opacity caused by lung diseases reaches high-intensity values. In the face of these severe situations, the model may segment the lung boundary incorrectly. We designed an improved U-Net network: using the pre-training Efficientnet-b4 as the encoder, and the residual block and LeakyRelu activation function are used in the decoder. The network can not only extract features with high efficiency but also avoid the gradient explosion caused by the multiplication effect in gradient backpropagation. We constructed a CXR lung field segmentation dataset (Haut) based on the NIH CXR dataset. In particular, this lung segmentation dataset contains some serious abnormal cases, such as lung deformation, pleural effusion, covered by foreign matters, or CXR blur caused by severe lung disease. The improved U-Net is evaluated on Haut, JSRT, and Montgomery County (MC) datasets. Experimental results show that our network can achieve high-precision lung segmentation.
The image of the Roman Empire in American newspapers at the end of 19th century
Authors: Кондрашук Р.А.
Published: August 2021

Конец XIX века стал для США эпохой многочисленных перемен. Это отразилось на переосмыслении образа Римской империи в американской культуре. В данной статье на материале американских газет конца XIX в. показано, какие сюжеты из истории Римской империи использовались в периодической печати, и как они актуализировались для читателей. Основное внимание сосредоточено на полемике по поводу главных общественных проблем: морального облика американцев, социального расслоения, империализма. Анализируется влияние географии издания, предполагаемой аудитории и политических пристрастий редакторов на использование римского опыта при оценке событий настоящего. Благодаря этому можно увидеть, какой образ Римской империи транслировали своим читателям разные американские газеты.

The end of the 19thcentury had been the era of multiple changes for the United States. This was reflected in the rethinking of the Roman Empire’s image in American culture. However, there have been no attempts to analyze widely available sources in historiography. This article considers the materials of various American newspapers of the late XIX century. On their basis, the research shows what examples from the Roman Empire’s history were used by journalists, and how they were updated this information for readers. The main focus is on the debates over the main social issues: the moral character of Americans, social inequality, imperialism. The survey analyzes the influence of the publication’s geography, intended audience and political views of editors on the use of the Roman experience in evaluating the current events. This could help to see the different forms Roman Empire’s image which presented to readers of the various American newspapers.