bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining the temporal relationship between the skin microbiome, immune response and skin barrier function during flare and resolution of atopic dermatitis: protocol of a Danish intervention study
Authors: Rønnstad Amalie Thorsti Møller , Bay Lene , Ruge Iben Frier , Halling Anne-Sofie , Fritz Blaine Gabriel , Jakaša Ivone , Luiten Rosalie , Kezic Sanja , Thomsen Simon Francis , Bjarnsholt Thomas , Thyssen Jacob P.
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Lesional skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) is often colonised byStaphylococcus aureusand the bacterial abundance increases during a flare. However, the role ofS. aureusand the skin microbiome in the pathogenesis of AD, including its influence on the dysfunctional skin barrier and immune response, remains to be elucidated. In this study, the temporal relationship between alterations in the skin barrier function, inflammation and microbiome is examined in adults with AD.

Methods and analysis

This clinical study consists of 81 adult patients with AD, as defined by the Hanifin and Rajka criteria, and 41 age and sex-matched controls. The objectives are to examine alterations in the skin microbiome, skin barrier and immune response during (1) an untreated AD flare, (2) an AD flare treated with topical corticosteroids (TCS), (3) an AD flare treated with systemic dicloxacillin/placebo and TCS or (4) cutaneous exposure to either autologousS. aureus, staphylococcal enterotoxin B or a vehicle. Skin biopsies, tape strips, skin and nasal swabs are collected and analysed using RNA sequencing, multiplex immunoassays, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA. Blood samples are analysed for filaggrin gene mutations and leucocyte gene expression.

Ethics and dissemination

The scientific Ethical Committee of the Capital Region in Denmark (phases I and II: H-20011047, phases III and IV: H-21079287), the local data protection agency (phases I and II: P-2020-165, phases III and IV: P-2022-250) and the Danish Medicines Agency (phases III and IV: EudraCT 2021-006883-25, ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT05578482) have approved the studies. Participants will give written informed consent prior to study initiation. The study is conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. Outcomes will be presented at national and international conferences and in international peer-reviewed publications.

Trial registration number

NCT05578482, EudraCT 2021-006883-2.
Price and affordability of key essential medicines for children in Sri Lanka, a lower-middle-income country: comparison of two national cross-sectional surveys done 8 years apart
Authors: Sri Ranganathan Shalini , Navaratinaraja Thiyahiny Sunil , Balasubramaniam Ramasamy , Beneragama Hemantha
Published: February 2023

Objective

To describe the price and affordability of key essential medicines for children in the private sector in Sri Lanka in 2017/2018, and compare the findings with 2009 data.

Design

National cross-sectional descriptive survey using the WHO/Health Action International medicine price methodology.

Setting and participants

Data were collected from a representative sample of 54 private sector pharmacies selected from all 9 provinces in Sri Lanka using a multistage clustered approach.

Main outcomes

Median price ratio (MPR) and affordability of originator brand (OB) and lowest priced generics (LPG) of 25 key essential medicines for children.

Results

The median MPR was 2.69 for OBs and 1.45 for LPGs compared with 3.7 and 1.35 in 2009. MPR of OB of all but one (chlorphenamine syrup) were higher than that of the LPG. MPR-OB>5 was observed for ceftriaxone injection, amoxicillin capsule, mebendazole chewable tablet and metronidazole tablet. This was documented in 2009 as well except for amoxicillin capsule. Prices of LPGs of seven medicines (amoxicillin capsule, amoxicillin suspension, clotrimazole cream, mebendazole chewable tablet, metronidazole tablet) were estimated as excessive (MPR ≥2.5) compared with chlorphenamine syrup, clotrimazole topical cream, ibuprofen syrup and paracetamol syrup in 2009. Compared with 2009, MPRs of OBs of 8 medicines and LPGs of 12 medicines were higher in 2017/2018. Compared with 2009, no change in affordability was noted except for asthma, which has been assessed as affordable in 2017/2018. Standard drug therapy for mild lower respiratory tract infections and acute gastroenteritis remained affordable, and treating epilepsy with carbamazepine syrup remained unaffordable.

Conclusion

Economic access to key essential medicines for children has not improved in Sri Lanka in the 8 years’ time since the initial survey in 2009.
Effect of ICU care bundles on long-term patient-relevant outcomes: a scoping review
Authors: Paul Nicolas , Ribet Buse Elena , Knauthe Anna-Christina , Nothacker Monika , Weiss Björn , Spies Claudia D
Published: February 2023

Objective

Care bundles are considered a key tool to improve bedside quality of care in the intensive care unit (ICU). We explored their effect on long-term patient-relevant outcomes.

Design

Systematic literature search and scoping review.

Data sources

We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, CDSR and CENTRAL for keywords of intensive care, care bundles, patient-relevant outcomes, and follow-up studies.

Eligibility criteria

Original articles with patients admitted to adult ICUs assessing bundle implementations and measuring long-term (ie, ICU discharge or later) patient-relevant outcomes (ie, mortality, health-related quality of life (HrQoL), post-intensive care syndrome (PICS), care-related outcomes, adverse events, and social health).

Data extraction and synthesis

After dual, independent, two-stage selection and charting, eligible records were critically appraised and assessed for bundle type, implementation strategies, and effects on long-term patient-relevant outcomes.

Results

Of 2012 records, 38 met inclusion criteria; 55% (n=21) were before–after studies, 21% (n=8) observational cohort studies, 13% (n=5) randomised controlled trials, and 11% (n=4) had other designs. Bundles pertained to sepsis (n=11), neurocognition (n=6), communication (n=4), early rehabilitation (n=3), pharmacological discontinuation (n=3), ventilation (n=2) or combined bundles (n=9). Almost two-thirds of the studies reported on survival (n=24), 45% (n=17) on care-related outcomes (eg, discharge disposition), and 13% (n=5) of studies on HrQoL. Regarding PICS, 24% (n=9) assessed cognition, 13% (n=5) physical health, and 11% (n=4) mental health, up to 1 year after discharge. The effects of bundles on long-term patient-relevant outcomes was inconclusive, except for a positive effect of sepsis bundles on survival. The inconclusive effects may have been due to the high risk of bias in included studies and the variability in implementation strategies, instruments, and follow-up times.

Conclusions

There is a need to explore the long-term effects of ICU bundles on HrQoL and PICS. Closing this knowledge gap appears vital to determine if there is long-term patient value of ICU bundles.
Quasi normal modes of hairy black holes at higher-order WKB approach
Authors: Avalos R. , Contreras E.
Published: February 2023

In this work, we implement the 13th order semi-analytical WKB method to explore the stability of hairy black holes obtained in the framework of Gravitational Decoupling. In particular, we perform a detailed analysis of the frequencies of the quasi-normal modes as a function of the primary hair of the solutions with the aim to bound their values. We explore a broad interval in a step of 0.1 of the hair parameters. We find that except for some cases where the method is expected to have poor accuracy, all the solutions seem to be stable and the role played by the primary hair is twofold: to modulate the damping factor of the perturbation and to decrease the frequency of its oscillation.
Quantum encryption of superposition states with quantum permutation pad in IBM quantum computers
Authors: Perepechaenko Maria , Kuang Randy
Published: February 2023

We present an implementation of Kuang and Bettenburg’s Quantum Permutation Pad (QPP) used to encrypt superposition states. The project was conducted on currently available IBM quantum systems using the Qiskit development kit. This work extends previously reported implementation of QPP used to encrypt basis states and demonstrates that application of the QPP scheme is not limited to the encryption of basis states. For this implementation, a pad of 56 2-qubit Permutation matrices was used, providing 256 bits of entropy for the QPP algorithm. An image of a cat was used as the plaintext for this experiment. The plaintext was randomized using a classical XOR function prior to the state preparation procedure. To create corresponding superposition states, we applied a novel operator defined in this paper. These superposition states were then encrypted using QPP, with 2-qubit Permutation Operators, producing superposition ciphertext states. Due to the lack of a quantum channel, we omitted the transmission and executed the decryption procedure on the same IBM quantum system. If a quantum channel existed, the superposition ciphertext states could be transmitted as qubits, and be directly decrypted on a different quantum system. We provide a brief discussion of the security, although the focus of the paper remains on the implementation. Previously we have demonstrated QPP operating in both classical and quantum computers, offering an interesting opportunity to bridge the security gap between classical and quantum systems. This work broadens the applicability of QPP for the encryption of basis states as well as superposition states. We believe that quantum encryption schemes that are not limited to basis states will be integral to a secure quantum internet, to reduce vulnerabilities introduced by using two separate algorithms for secure communication between a quantum and a classical computer.
Hopf instability of a Rayleigh–Taylor unstable thin film heated from the gas side
Authors: Bestehorn Michael , Oron Alexander
Published: February 2023

A thin liquid film located on the underside of a horizontal solid substrate can be stabilized by the Marangoni effect if the liquid is heated at its free surface. Applying long-wave approximation and projecting the velocity and temperature fields onto a basis of low-order polynomials, we derive a dimension-reduced set of three coupled evolution equations where nonlinearities of both the Navier–Stokes and the heat equation are included. We find that in a certain range of fluid parameters and layer depth, the first bifurcation from the motionless state is oscillatory which sets in with a finite but small wave number. The oscillatory branch is determined using a linear stability analysis of the long-wave model, but also by solving the linearized original hydrodynamic equations. Finally, numerical solutions of the reduced nonlinear model equations in three spatial dimensions are presented.
Geometric tool kit for higher-spin gravity (Part I): An introduction to the geometry of differential operators
Authors: Bekaert Xavier
Published: February 2023

This paper provides an introduction to the algebra and geometry of differential operators and jet bundles. Its point of view is guided by the leitmotiv that higher-spin gravity theories call for higher-order generalizations of Lie derivatives and diffeomorphisms. Nevertheless, the material covered here may be of general interest to anyone working on topics where geometrical (coordinate-free, global, generic) and mathematically rigorous definitions of differential operators are required.
Renormalization for a model of photon scattering off a charged harmonic oscillator
Authors: Sonoda Hidenori
Published: February 2023

In the electric dipole approximation, the model of a charged harmonic oscillator interacting with the radiation field becomes quadratic and soluble, but it needs a UV cutoff for the photon frequency. The model’s renormalizability is only apparent; physics requires that the cutoff be kept finite. The cutoff plays the role of a parameter that characterizes the high frequency behavior of the photon cross-section.
Novel exact solutions of the conformable resonant Schrödinger equation via two novel procedures with symbolic computational algorithms
Authors: Yue Xiao-Guang , Kaplan Melike , Kaabar Mohammed K. A. , Shen Yijuan
Published: February 2023

This study investigates novel exact solutions to the conformable resonant Schrödinger equation. For this purpose, two reliable techniques are employed involving the generalized Kudryashov and exponential rational function procedures. The 3D graphics of some obtained solutions are also given. The investigated equation is very important to the field of ocean engineering and science because many wave phenomena including water waves and rogue waves can be explained with the help of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
Forecasting the dynamics of the model of cold bosonic atoms in a zig-zag optical lattice by symbolic computation
Authors: Yue Xiao-Guang , Shen Yijuan , Kaplan Melike , Kaabar Mohammed K. A. , Yang Hongmei
Published: February 2023

The work aims to explore the exponential rational function technique and the generalized Kudryashov procedure to investigate one of the most important equations which is the equation of cold bosonic atoms in a zig-zag optical lattice. The considered equation is reduced to a supreme equation by using the continuum approximation which describes the soliton’s dynamics with the implication pulse variables. The adopted techniques are accurate, simple, straightforward, and succinct to compute.
Entropy optimized flow of hybrid nanofluid with partial slip boundary effects and induced magnetic field
Authors: Nadeem Sohail , Ishtiaq Bushra , Akkurt Nevzat , Ghazwani Hassan Ali
Published: February 2023

There are various implementations of common fluids in industrial and chemical processes. With the cooperation of the nanoparticles, the lower thermal properties of such fluids can be augmented. By using a new kind of nanofluid namely hybrid nanofluid, the heat transfer rate of such fluids can be boosted more quickly. The main intention of this research is on entropy analysis in the stagnant point flow of a hybrid nanofluid. The mixed convection nonlinear thermal radiative flow on a stretchable vertical sheet is examined under the influences of the induced magnetic field and chemical reactions. The impacts of Joule heating, partial slips and viscous dissipation are also involved. After the execution of the appropriate similarity transformations, the constituting equations of the flow problem emerge as the nonlinear dimensionless setup of ordinary differential equations. An amplification is examined in the velocity field, entropy generation, and induced magnetic field relative to the mixed convection parameter. With the improved Brinkman number, an augmentation is developed in the entropy of the system. Moreover, both the heat transfer rate and the surface drag force exhibit an accelerating behavior relative to the mixed convection parameter.
Mechanics of heated Rabinowitsch fluid in elliptic vertical duct: Peristalsis and analytical study
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Hasnain , Awan Aziz Ullah
Published: February 2023

This work consists of the analytical study of the peristaltic flow of heated non-Newtonian fluid flow through an elliptical duct. The flow characteristics of Pseudoplastic and Dilatant fluids are analyzed in a vertically held elliptic duct by considering the Rabinowitsch fluid model. The mathematical model is processed to a dimensionless analysis by employing adequate nondimensional variables and extended wavelength approximation. The resulting PDEs are solved analytically in the elliptic domain using the explicit boundary condition form. A simpler second-degree polynomial is presented to get the solution of temperature. These analytical solutions are examined in detail by graphical analysis. It is found that the flow velocity of Pseudoplastic fluid is more prominent than Dilatant fluid in the vicinity of the centerline. The earlier and later fluids have a maximum axial speed at the channel’s mean and close to the peristaltic boundary. The greater buoyancy force (Grashof number) enhances the Pseudoplastic fluid’s velocity but diminishes the flow velocity of Dilatant fluid. Moreover, it is noticed that the aspect ratio has less impact, and the Grashof number has an effective influence on pressure rise. The streamlines of Rabinowitsch fluid break into vortices near the deformed wall. The vortices are comparatively less in the count for Dilatant fluid than Pseudoplastic fluid for quick flow and a more significant Grashof number.
Investigations of axioms of twist grain boundary phases (TGBPs) in binary mixture of liquid crystals
Authors: Chaudhary Manisha , Ghildyal Divya
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the investigated mixture of liquid crystals shows a spacious range of twist grain boundary phases (TGBPs). Thermo dynamical, optical and dielectric measurements confirmed the presence of TGBPs in the mixtures of nematic and cholesteric liquid crystals. In the heating cycle, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram shows the mixed different TGBPs at the high scanning rate. Cylindrical and cone-like textures with brushes of TGBA* is observed under the optical investigation. The grain boundaries and blocks of smectic phases are twisting two times around an axis. Wide-ranging dielectric investigation of nematic and cholesteric liquid crystal mixture have been performed in the 50 Hz–10 MHz range of frequency for the homogeneous conditions. In the absence of direct bias, TGBA* phase exhibits two dielectric relaxation processes, soft mode (SM) and process in the grain boundaries (PGBs). In the presence of electric field, grain boundaries steadily demolished the phases. Whereas the weak dielectric relaxation processes have been distinguished in the presence of the electric field in the TGBPs.
DFT investigations of optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of stannite phase of Cu2SrXSe4 (X = Ge, Si, Sn) compounds using TB-mBJ mechanism
Authors: Karim H. , Labrim H. , Hajji M. , Jabar A. , Lakhal M. , Hartiti B. , El Bouayadi R. , Lfakir A.
Published: February 2023

Using the density functional theory (DFT) computations implemented in WIEN2K package and Boltzmann theory with the BoltzTrap code, we study certain physical properties of a new class of Cu2SrXSe4 (X = Ge, Si, Sn) materials. Concretely, we investigate the electronic, the optical and the thermoelectric aspects of such materials from the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) corrected by the Tran Balaha modified Becke–Johnson exchange potential (GGA+TB-mBJ). Analyzing the computed electronic properties, we show the semiconducting nature of these compounds. Precisely, we reveal that these compounds involve an indirect band gap with p type. This electronic aspect is very important for the absorber solar cell layers due to the fact that the length diffusion of the electron is larger than the one of the hole. We find that the obtained gap values of such a new family inspired by CZTS materials can be compared with various absorber layers. For the Cu2SrSnSe4 model, we observe similar behaviors compared to the silicon solar cell absorber layers. Using the scalar dielectric function, we investigate the optical properties of the studied materials. Precisely, we obtain that such a family of materials involve higher values of the absorption coefficient in the visible and the ultra violet light spectrum. For each material, we observe that the absorption starts at the corresponding band gap energies. Exploiting Boltzmann theory with the BoltzTrap code, we compute and examine the thermoelectric properties such as the Seebeck coefficient, the thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity, and the figure of merit as a function of the temperature. As a result, we show that the studied materials involve a high absorption spectra and a good figure of merit (ZT) showing relevant features for photovoltaic and thermoelectric applications.
A Context-Aware Image Generation Method for Assisted Design of Movie Posters Using Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Lu Yuan , Hou Ruoxu , Zheng Jingya
Published: February 2023

Considering the continuous development of the film industry and the improvement of the living standard among people, movies have gradually come to the civilians. A good movie poster can effectively reflect the content of the movie, attract the audience, stimulate the demand and achieve a good publicity effect. The current movie poster design work is mainly carried out by professional designers, which requires a lot of time and labor cost. In this paper, we propose a context-aware image generation method for assisted design of movie posters using generative adversarial network (named as MPAD-CIP for short). First, the basic information and visual contents of the movie are perceived, and the representative images are extracted, with the use of convolution operations. Then, a backbone network of deep convolutional generative neural network is formulated to generate images for summary of movies. The backbone network is composed of two components: a generator and a discriminator. Their combination realizes the computer-assisted movie poster design by sensing visual context. In the experimental part, the proposed MPAD-CIP method is compared with several benchmark models to demonstrate that the posters generated by this paper are more realistic and versatile, and some of the generated posters are exhibited.
Non-colorable hierarchically hyperbolic groups
Authors: Hagen Mark
Published: February 2023

We exhibit a hierarchically hyperbolic group for which no hierarchically hyperbolic structure is colorable, answering an (implicit) question of Durham–Minsky–Sisto.
A Family of Additive Teissier–Weibull Hazard Distributions for Modeling Bathtub-Shaped Failure Time Data
Authors: Sharma Vikas Kumar , Singh Sudhanshu Vikram , Chesneau Christophe
Published: February 2023

The paper introduces a new failure time distribution called additive Teissier–Weibull distribution. Among its features, it is capable of modeling increasing and bathtub hazard rates. It is thus useful in modeling heterogeneous populations and can be viewed as the failure time model of the system having two modes of failures that follow the Teissier and Weibull distributions, respectively. Some of its important properties are obtained, such as quantiles, moments and shapes of the probability density and hazard functions. Four different methods of estimation such as the maximum likelihood, least squares, weighted least squares and maximum product spacing are proposed to estimate the unknown parameters. To compare the performance of the estimates, an extensive simulation study is carried out with varying sample sizes. Finally, failure times of primary reactor pumps and power generators are fitted and analyzed to show that the new additive hazard rate model may give a better fit than many other existing models.
Local quantum uncertainty of a two-qubit XY Heisenberg model with different Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya couplings
Authors: Moqine Younes , Adnane Brahim , Belouad Abdelhadi , Belhouideg Soufiane , Houça Rachid
Published: February 2023

This study investigates the local quantum uncertainty ([Formula: see text]) of a two-qubit Heisenberg XY chain with different directions of Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interactions. The DM interaction parameters and coupling coefficient J are demonstrated to be beneficial in managing correlation. The DM interaction’s x-axis parameter has more influence on correlation than the DM interaction’s z-axis. As a result, adjusting the direction of the DM interaction with the coupling coefficient J may produce a more efficient operation to enhance the correlation.
Replica trick calculation for entanglement entropy of static black hole spacetimes
Authors: Prihadi Hadyan Luthfan , Zen Freddy Permana , Ariwahjoedi Seramika , Dwiputra Donny
Published: February 2023

We calculate the entanglement entropy between two (maximally-extended) spacetime regions of static black hole, separated by horizon. As a first case, we consider the Schwarzschild black hole, and then we extend the calculations to the charged Reissner–Nordström and Schwarzschild–de Sitter black holes with more than one horizon. The case for static and spherically-symmetric solution to the more general [Formula: see text] gravity is also considered. The calculation of the entanglement entropy is performed using the replica trick by obtaining the explicit form of the metric which corresponds to the replica spacetime for each black hole under consideration. The calculation of static and spherically-symmetric black holes results in the entanglement entropy that matches the Bekenstein–Hawking area law entropy.
Proofs of two conjectural Andrews–Beck type congruences due to Lin, Peng and Toh
Authors: Du Julia Q. D. , Tang Dazhao
Published: February 2023

The study of Andrews–Beck type congruences for partitions has its origin in the work by Andrews, who proved two congruences on the total number of parts in the partitions of [Formula: see text] with the Dyson rank, conjectured by George Beck. Recently, Lin, Peng and Toh proved many Andrews–Beck type congruences for [Formula: see text]-colored partitions. Moreover, they posed eight conjectural congruences. In this paper, we confirm two congruences modulo [Formula: see text] by utilizing some [Formula: see text]-series techniques and the theory of modular forms.
Identities of general Kloosterman sums
Authors: Liu Xiaoge , Zhang Tianping
Published: February 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be any integers with [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] be a Dirichlet character modulo [Formula: see text]. The general Kloosterman sums [Formula: see text] are defined as follows: [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] denotes the multiplicative inverse of [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text]. By combining elementary methods and analytic methods, along with Montgomery and Vaughan’s clever trick on primitive characters, we derive some new identities for [Formula: see text] under the condition [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] denotes the summation over all [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. Previously only the case of [Formula: see text] was studied.
Triple correlations of ternary divisor functions. II
Authors: Lou Miao
Published: February 2023

Let [Formula: see text] denote the ternary divisor function. By introducing a simple argument, we prove an asymptotic formula for the triple correlation [Formula: see text] averaging over a short variable [Formula: see text], with an error term saving an arbitrary power of the logarithm over the trivial bound. We also prove an asymptotic formula by taking one of the ternary divisor functions to be the divisor function [Formula: see text], which substantially improves our previous results.
Overconvergent Lubin–Tate (φ,Γ)-modules for different uniformizers
Authors: Saito Yuta
Published: February 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite extension of [Formula: see text]. The construction of Lubin–Tate [Formula: see text]-modules attached to [Formula: see text]-adic representations of [Formula: see text] depends on the choice of a uniformizer of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we give a description of a functor that relates the categories of overconvergent Lubin–Tate [Formula: see text]-modules for different uniformizers. Further, we study this functor more explicitly for two-dimensional trianguline representations.
Rational 𝜃-parallelogram envelopes via 𝜃-congruent elliptic curves
Authors: Salami Sajad , Shamsi Zargar Arman
Published: February 2023

We introduce a new generalization of [Formula: see text]-congruent numbers by defining a rational [Formula: see text]-parallelogram envelope. It turns out that the existence of a rational [Formula: see text]-parallelogram envelope associated to an [Formula: see text] is connected to the property of [Formula: see text] being a [Formula: see text]-congruent number. Then, we study some problems related to the rational [Formula: see text]-parallelogram envelopes, using the arithmetic of algebraic curves. Our results generalize the recent work of Ochiai, where only the case [Formula: see text] was considered. Moreover, we answer open questions raised by Ochiai in the more general setting of an arbitrary Pythagorean angle.
Multi-Point-Source Describing Large Earthquake Based on Rupture Process Inversion and Image Segmentation
Authors: Wang Jie-Min , Liang Yuan-Yuan , Sun Qingwen , Zhang Xingmei , Wang Liang , Wu Shuang , Li Xiaohan , Yin Haitao
Published: February 2023

The rupture process of large earthquakes is generally complex and contains multiple sub-faults planes with different focal mechanisms. The focal mechanisms inversion of these sub-faults by applying the Multi-Point-Source Faulting Representations (MPSFR) are essential for seismic stress analysis and earthquake disaster assessment. The MPSFR method is time-consuming and often with unstable results. In this study, we develop an Image Segmentation and Iterative Inversion (ISII) approach to calculate the MPSFR for large earthquakes by inverting near-field strong motion data. This new approach analyzes the rupture image of the earthquake and divides the entire rupture surface into several sub-rupture segments as a point source in the MPSFR. We approach the ISII model to the 2010 El-Mayor Cucapah (EMC) earthquake and the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake, respectively. In the EMC earthquake, the overall misfit was reduced from 0.58 (earthquake rupture model with the same focal mechanism) to 0.47 (IISI model with four different focal mechanisms). In the Kaikoura earthquake, the overall misfit was reduced from 0.67 to 0.55. The rupture process inverted by the ISII model is consistent with the joint multi-method inversion and the operation process is high efficiency. The test results indicate the ISII model can accurately and quickly invert the complex earthquakes rupture process and provide valuable information for earthquake disaster assessment.
Large piezoelectric anisotropy and high hydrostatic piezoelectric activity due to an appreciable orientation effect and porosity in novel 2–2–0 composites
Authors: Topolov Vitaly Yu. , Krivoruchko Andrey V. , Prutsakova Natalia V.
Published: February 2023

The polarization orientation effect and porosity effect on the piezoelectric properties and related parameters are studied in 2–2-type composites based on domain-engineered relaxor-ferroelectric [011]-poled single crystals. The parameters, which are of great interest, are an anisotropy of the piezoelectric coefficients [Formula: see text], an anisotropy of the energy-harvesting figures of merit [Formula: see text] and the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficient [Formula: see text]. An orientation of the main crystallographic axes in each polydomain single-crystal layer is described by angles [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Diagrams built for the first time show the ([Formula: see text]) regions, where a large anisotropy of [Formula: see text] (or [Formula: see text]) is achieved, and where inequality [Formula: see text] 1000 pC/N holds. A large local max [Formula: see text] = 1930 pC/N is achieved in a 2–2–0 PZN–0.065PT-based composite at the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient [Formula: see text] = 2290 pC/N and figure of merit [Formula: see text] = 1.02[Formula: see text]10[Formula: see text] Pa[Formula: see text]. The aforementioned large parameters are to be of value in piezoelectric sensing, energy harvesting and hydroacoustics.
Modeling Within-Basket Auxiliary Item Recommendation with Matchability and Ubiquity
Authors: Xu En , Yu Zhiwen , Sun Zhuo , Guo Bin , Yao Lina
Published: February 2023

Within-basket recommendation is to recommend suitable items for the current basket with some already known items. The within-basket auxiliary item recommendation (
WBAIR
) is to recommend auxiliary items based on the primary items in the basket. Such a task exists in many real-life scenarios. Unlike the associations between items that can be transmitted in both directions, primary and auxiliary relationships are unidirectional. Then, the suitable matching patterns between primary and auxiliary items cannot be explored by traditional directionless methods. Therefore, we design the
Matc4Rec
algorithm to integrate the primary and auxiliary factors, and finally recommend items that not only match the interests of users but also satisfy the primary and auxiliary relationships between items. Specifically, we capture the pattern from three aspects:
matchability within-basket
,
matchability between baskets
, and
ubiquity
. By exploiting this pattern, the designed algorithm not only achieves good results on real-world datasets but also improves the interpretability of recommendations. As a result, we can know which commodities are suitable as auxiliary items. The experiment results demonstrate that our algorithm can also alleviate the cold start problem.
Mitochondrial haplotype modulates genome expression and mitochondrial structure/function in cardiomyocytes following volume overload
Authors: Guichard Jason L. , Kane Mariame Selma , Grenett Maximiliano , Sandel Michael , Benavides Gloria A. , Bradley Wayne E. , Powell Pamela Cox , Darley-Usmar Victor , Ballinger Scott W. , Dell’Italia Louis J.
Published: February 2023

The results of this study support the effects of mtDNA haplotype on nuclear gene expression in cardiomyocytes. Currently, there is no acceptable therapy for volume overload due to mitral regurgitation. The findings of this study could suggest that mtDNA haplotype activates different pathways after ACF warrants further investigations on human population of heart disease from different ancestry backgrounds.
Clinical Study of 3DCRT Combined with SBRT in the Treatment of Patients with EGFR Mutation Oligometastatic Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Deng , Wan Yingbang , Wang Lihua
Published: February 2023

Background. Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in my country and the world. Among them, non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 80%. For patients who are diagnosed with NSCLC and have epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR gene‐sensitive mutations The treatment is particularly important. Aims. To investigate the efficacy and prognosis of 3DCRT combined with local SBRT in patients with EGFR mutation oligometastatic NSCLC. Materials and Methods. Eighty patients with EGFR mutation oligometastatic NSCLC were selected by random remainder grouping method. 3DCRT combined with SBRT is effective and safer in patients with EGFR‐mutant oligometastatic NSCLC, and significantly improves the patient’s immune and tumor marker levels. It has a certain reference value in the clinical treatment of EGFR‐mutant oligometastatic NSCLC.
Whole Exome Sequence Analysis for Inborn Errors of IL‐12/IFN‐γ Axis in Patient with Recurrent Typhoid Fever
Authors: Hassan Faaiz ul , Aljeldah Mohammed M. , Fozia Fozia , Hussain Mubbashir , Khan Taj Ali , Siraj Sami , Ahmad Ijaz , Qasim Muhammad , Khan Imran , Giesy John P. , Aboul-Soud Mourad A. M.
Published: February 2023

Background. The IL‐12/IFN‐γ axis pathways play a vital role in the control of intracellular pathogens such as Salmonella typhi. Objective. The study is aimed at using whole exome sequencing (WES) to screen out genetic defects in IL‐12/IFN‐γ axis in patients with recurrent typhoid fever. Methods. WES using next‐generation sequencing was performed on a single patient diagnosed with recurrent typhoid fever. Following alignment and variant calling, exomes were screened for mutations in 25 genes that are involved in the IL‐12/IFN‐γ axis pathway. Each variant was assessed by using various bioinformatics mutational analysis tools such as SIFT, Polyphen2, LRT, MutationTaster, and MutationAssessor. Results. Out of 25 possible variations in the IL‐12/IFN‐γ axis genes, only 2 probable disease‐causing mutations were identified. These variations were rare and include mutations in IL23R and ZNFX I. Other pathogenic mutations were found, but they were not considered likely to cause disease based on various mutation predictors. Conclusion. Applying WES to the patient with recurrent typhoid fever detects variants that are not much important as other genes in the IL‐12/IFN‐γ axis. Results of the current study suggest that a large population sizes would be needed to examine the functional relevance of IL‐12/IFN‐γ axis genes with recurrent typhoid fever.
Effect of Wet and Dry Finishing and Polishing Technique on Microhardness and Flexural Strength of Nanocomposite Resins
Authors: Ghasemi Amir , Mohammadzadeh Anoosh , Molaei Mehdi , Sheikh-Al-Eslamian Seyedeh Mahsa , Karimi Mandana
Published: February 2023

Objectives. This in vitro study was aimed to assess the effect of wet and dry finishing and polishing techniques on the flexural strength and microhardness of different commercial nanoparticle contained composite resins. Methods and Materials. The samples were made of Z250 (microhybrid), Z350 XT (nanofilled), and Z550 (nanohybrid) resin composites. Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups according to polishing protocols. Subgroup 1 for each composite underwent wet polishing, and subgroup 2 was subject to dry polishing technique. Flexural strength and microhardness of the samples were measured at two different times of polishing (T0 and T24). The flexural strength test and microhardness test were measured by a 3-point bending test using a universal testing machine, and a Vickers machine, respectively. Data were analyzed by Kolmogorov–Smirnov, two-way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD tests. Results. ANOVA showed that the type of composite has a significant effect on flexural strength. Two-way ANOVA showed that, at T0, flexural strength of all composites in the dry technique was higher than in the wet technique (

p
=
0.019

). At T24, Z350 XT had the lowest, and Z250 had the highest flexural strength in both techniques. The time and technique of polishing were also significantly effective on hardness. At T0, hardness was higher in the wet compared to the dry method (

p
=
0.008

). Tukey test showed that, at T24, the hardness of Z350 XT was significantly higher than the other materials in both techniques. Conclusion. Immediate wet finishing and polishing presented lower flexural strength. Delayed dry/wet finishing and polishing significantly enhanced the hardness of the samples.
Bursting Phenomenon and Chaos Phase Control in Plant Dynamics
Authors: Yemeli Lola Makenne , Romanic Kengne , Francois Beceau Pelap
Published: February 2023

New complex features of a Pinus family plant subjected to wind load by proposing an analog electronic simulator with an active

R
C

realization that mimics the real-time dynamics of the system was examined in this paper. Findings reveal that the periodic or chaotic dynamics of the system depends on the favored initial conditions. We see the dynamical behavior of the plant showing transition from periodic to chaotic states. This is very beneficial because it allows for the observation that when the value of the wind amplitude ratio changes continuously, the plant behavior may change in a discontinuous way. It also helps to understand the impact of wind on the plant dynamics, in particular, and in forest in general, which is very crucial for understanding several plant communities. We show that plants exhibit multiple forms (periodic/chaotic) of repetitive spiking oscillations reflecting the phenomenon of bursting. For the periodic bursting oscillations, we observe that after each peak of excitation due to the wind load, the plant returns directly to its state of rest, whereas the chaotic bursting oscillations break the energy of the wind into decreasing value packets and its occurrence has the merit of reducing the effects of wind energy on the plant; this action ensures the stability of the plant even in chaotic cases. We also observe that the numerical study based on the isospike technique permits efficient discovery and separation between periodic and chaotic orbits visited during the temporal evolution. We also establish through the chaos phase-control techniques that various chaotic oscillations disappeared after applying the chaos phase control strategy in the system compared to the uncontrolled case. Moreover, the chaos phase-control strategy to the system is introduced to instantly inform how the correct choice of the phase minimizes the effects of the wind and thus eliminates chaotic behavior of the plant by simply driving it towards a variety of periodic orbits.
Oral Manifestations Associated with COVID-19 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study of Recovered Iraqi Patients
Authors: Al-Magsoosi Mohanad Jameel Najm , Al-Asadi Oras Kadhim Baqer , Al-Quraine Nibrass Talib , Sami Suha Mohammad , Haider Julfikar
Published: February 2023

Aims. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of oral manifestations related to COVID-19 infection among a sample of recovered patients in the Basrah province of Iraq. Methodology. This cross-sectional study included a total of 574 individuals from Basrah city, Iraq (196 males and 378 females), who had been previously infected with COVID-19. A questionnaire was developed and used to record the demographic data, medical history, severity of respiratory infection followed by hospitalization along with oral signs and symptoms that occurred during the COVID-19 infection and their persistence after recovery. Results. Oral manifestations were reported in 88.3% of the studied sample. The most common oral manifestation was ageusia (66.8%), followed by dry mouth (59%), gustatory changes (46%), dysphagia (40.5%), burning sensation (20.8%), oral ulceration (14.5%), and gingival bleeding (3.3%). The findings suggested that ageusia was the only symptom that persisted following recovery from the COVID-19 infection. The results showed a significant statistical correlation between the incidence of oral manifestations and the severity of COVID-19 infection followed by hospitalization. A significant correlation was also found between the age groups and COVID-19 oral manifestations, whereas no significant statistical relationship was observed between gender, smoking, and systemic diseases. Conclusions. COVID-19 infection has considerable impacts on the oral cavity and salivary glands and after recovery from the infection, some patients continue to complain of ageusia for several months. There is a positive correlation between the incidence of oral signs and symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection and the severity of the infection.
Tidal Volume Level Estimation Using Respiratory Sounds
Authors: Wang Lurui , Jiang Zhongwei
Published: February 2023

Respiratory sounds have been used as a noninvasive and convenient method to estimate respiratory flow and tidal volume. However, current methods need calibration, making them difficult to use in a home environment. A respiratory sound analysis method is proposed to estimate tidal volume levels during sleep qualitatively. Respiratory sounds are filtered and segmented into one‐minute clips, all clips are clustered into three categories: normal breathing/snoring/uncertain with agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). Formant parameters are extracted to classify snoring clips into simple snoring and obstructive snoring with theK‐means algorithm. For simple snoring clips, the tidal volume level is calculated based on snoring last time. For obstructive snoring clips, the tidal volume level is calculated by the maximum breathing pause interval. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on an open dataset, PSG‐Audio, in which full‐night polysomnography (PSG) and tracheal sound were recorded simultaneously. The calculated tidal volume levels are compared with the corresponding lowest nocturnal oxygen saturation (LoO2) data. Experiments show that the proposed method calculates tidal volume levels with high accuracy and robustness.
Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid Attenuates LPS‐Induced Acute Lung Injury by Modulating Short‐Chain Fatty Acid Levels and TLR4/NF‐κB p65 Pathway
Authors: Tang Ruying , Zhang Jianjun , Zhang Rui , Li Xinyu , Lv Ruilin , Nan Haipeng , Liu Jinlian , Zhao Zhongpeng , He Wei , Wang Linyuan
Published: February 2023

Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid (HZOL) is a classic Chinese patent medicine used in China for more than 1,000 years in treating gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. Clinically applied HZOL in early respiratory disease stages can reduce the proportion of lung infection patients that progress to severe acute lung injury (ALI). However, few pharmacological studies evaluated its level of protection against ALI. We explored mechanisms of HZOL against ALI by employing network pharmacology, molecular docking, and rat experiments. Firstly, network pharmacology prediction and published biological evaluation of active ingredients of HZOL suggested that HZOL exerted the protective effect in treating ALI mainly in the areas of regulation of cell adhesion, immune response, and inflammatory response and closely related to the NF‐κB pathway. Secondly, molecular docking results demonstrated that imperatorin and isoimperatorin combined well with targets in the NF‐κB pathway. Finally, ALI rats induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were used to validate prediction after pretreatment with HZOL for 2 weeks. Results confirmed that lung and colon injury occurred in ALI rats. Furthermore, HZOL exerts anti‐inflammatory effects on LPS‐induced ALI and gut injury by repairing lung and colon pathology, reducing and alleviating pulmonary edema, inhibiting abnormal enhancement of thymus and spleen index, modulating hematologic indices, and increasing levels of total short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the cecum. Additionally, abnormal accumulation of inflammatory cytokines IL‐6, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and IFN‐γ in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was significantly reduced after pretreating with HZOL. Furthermore, HZOL downregulated the expression of TLR4, CD14, and MyD88 and phosphorylation of NF‐κB p65 in lung tissue. Altogether, HZOL was found to exert an anti‐inflammatory effect regulation by increasing levels of SCFAs, inhibiting the accumulation of inflammatory cytokines, and attenuating the activation of the TLR4/NF‐κB p65 pathway. Our study provided experimental evidences for the application of HZOL in preventing and treating ALI.