bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The School Choice Hoax
Authors: Corwin Ronald G. , Schneider E.  Joseph
Published: June 2024

This book argues that the autonomy granted to choice schools has been a counterproductive dead end. Its authors see no proof that freedom has produced the outstanding results that charter school advocates promised. Nor has the competition from charter schools spurred the improvement in public schools that charter advocates predicted. Instead, charter schools and education vouchers promoted competition among schools that should be cooperating. Overburdened public school districts are faced with rivalry from schools that are merely duplicating conventional programs and competing for some students while ignoring others. Since choice schools are not meeting the expectations touted by their advocates, the authors maintain that they should be planned, monitored, and operated by school districts.

The federal government is devoting millions of dollars to charter and voucher programs that currently require parents to abandon regular public schools. The goal of the authors ofThe School Choice Hoaxis to expose the misleading hyperbole that has been driving the school choice movement and to show how charter schools can become more effective and useful to public school districts. Both authors have been following the school choice movement for over a decade. Together they bring to the topic an unusual blend of academic and practical knowledge derived from long, successful careers as a sociologist (Corwin) and former Deputy Executive Director of the American Association of School Administrators (Schneider). The authors have formed their conclusions from years of research and analysis and have devoted a great deal of attention to making sensible recommendations designed to make school choice models more useful to public schools. This book will be helpful to parents who are faced with the prospect of making choice work better.

The authors' conclusions have been carefully drawn from, and documented with, current research derived from years of neutral observation. Throughout, the book is packed with observations about school choice that will inform parents, politicians, and other community members about the advantages and disadvantages of choice schools. The authors offer explanations that will help the average citizen understand and appraise overblown claims by advocates. They also provide detailed reviews of other reforms, some of which are already infused in existing choice models.
School Violence
Authors: Hutchinson Lisa Ann
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
School Vouchers and Privatization
Authors: Weil Danny
Published: June 2024

Explore this controversial approach to education, its practical applications, successes, and failures in a straightforward guide that covers every facet of the issue, from for-profit schools to outsourcing of school management to vouchers.

The book covers everything from school vouchers to little-known market-based educational reforms like for-profit management of public schools, commercialism in the classroom, philanthropic tuition sponsorships, faith-based charities, educational tax credits, corporate curriculum, and advertising as well as exclusive agreements between companies and schools. It includes case studies of two well-established voucher systems: the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program and the private national voucher policy in Chile, a program started in l973. The book also includes a chronology, directories, bibliographies, and other reference content.
Sexual Harassment
Authors: Eisaguirre Lynne
Published: June 2024

This work addresses the ongoing focus on sexual harassment in the United States, an issue that remains at the forefront of contemporary American society.

In the 2nd edition ofSexual Harassment, compelling cases of sexual harassment in the 1990s are examined, including the highly publicized lawsuit against President Bill Clinton brought by Paula Jones, a former employee of the state of Arkansas. Conversely, readers are asked to assess a recent national debate over whether grade school children should be disciplined for "sexual harassment" when they kiss a playmate.

Sexual Harassmentcontains an overview, a detailed chronology, biographical sketches, primary source material, lists of print and nonprint resources, and a directory of organizations and agencies.
Social Responses to Technological Change
Authors: Goldenberg Sheldon , Brannigan Augustin
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
Social Work for the Twenty-first Century
Authors: Yuen Francis K. O.
Published: June 2024

This work is a critical analysis of the various aspects of social work education and practice. It argues that social work is still a profession searching for a firm identity and a clear and respectful image. The incorporation of science and scientific approach into social work education and practice appears to be the key for the profession to continue to grow and gain its rightful place in the professional and academic communities. Lastly, this book is intended to generate productive dialogues to advance the profession and its educational processes.
Socialism of a Different Kind
Authors: Brown Bernard E.
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
Sons of Africa
Authors: Gollock Georgina A.
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
South African Music
Authors: Muller Carol A.
Published: June 2024

For students of world music and world cultures, this authoritative handbook provides an in-depth survey of the full spectrum of black and white South African music.

What, if anything, is "South African" about the music performed in and by South Africans? This comprehensive handbook answers this question by looking at how South Africans (black and white) have used music to express a sense of place in South Africa, on the African continent, and around the world.

Drawing on extensive field and archival research, as well as her own personal experiences, noted ethnomusicologist and South African native Carol Ann Muller, explores the range of sources that make music from South Africa related to, yet so distinct from, other music from the African continent and around the world. The accompanying CD offers vivid examples of traditional, popular, and classical South African musical styles.
The Soviet Union Under Gorbachev
Authors: Gunlicks Arthur , Treadway John
Published: June 2024

The book begins with an overview of the institutions with which Gorbachev will have to contend and then present a series of essays on which consider the prospects for economic reform, challenges and changes in social policy and the arts, and initiatives in foreign policy.The Soviet Union Under Gorbachevconcludes with a discussion of the impact of the 27th Party Congress.
The Stars and Stripes
Authors: Cornebise Alfred E
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
The State and the Poor in the 1980s
Authors: Carballo Manuel , Bane Mary Jo
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
Strategies in Global Industries
Authors: Morrison Allen
Published: June 2024

This insightful monograph explodes some of the myths introduced by well-known business consultants and by strategic planning academics and replaces myth with comprehensive model of business strategies that is a applicable to the contemporary marketplace where international trade and competitiveness are issues of critical concern. Today's American businesses are challenged both at home and abroad in market battles that frequently threaten the survival of entire domestic industries. In Strategies in Global Industries, Morrison develops a comprehensive model of business strategies that is a prescription for increasing the competitiveness of U.S. companies. He argues that many U.S. firms misperceive global industry opportunities and, as a consequence, pursue strategies that may suboptimize performance. Indeed, Morrison found little evidence that U.S. businesses are actually competitive on a global scale. Results of his study of 115 global U.S. companies that have annual average sales of over $900 million form the basis for his groundbreaking conclusions that will have wide applicability to global concerns.

The study's conceptual foundation consists of an integration of the contingency perspective of strategic management and the industry organization perspective of the business's context. These two perspectives are vital to an in-depth understanding of the relationship between business strategy and performance in global industries. Four appendixes detail the survey instrument and SIC Code-related data. Twenty-six figures graphically display information relating to strategy classification, research methodology, global industries, key business unit characteristics, strategy types and dimensions in global industries, and more. An important contribution to the vital study of U.S. competitiveness on a global scale, the volume offers many, fact-based new insights into ways to foster and improve the competitiveness of U.S. companies.
Student Loans
Authors: Cronin Joseph M.
Published: June 2024

This timely volume objectively addresses the major issues and questions raised about student aid programs. It examines the realities of student loans and provides a balanced analysis of the present and future prospects for financing higher education.

Educators, guarantee agency administrators, and state and federal officials analyze student indebtedness and the repayment of loans. They evaluate how five other industrialized nations structure grants and education loan programs and address the challenging problem of extending opportunities for higher education to low-income students. The vital need for support in the application process and for debt management counseling in high schools and colleges is discussed, as is innovative private sector support. A necessary resource for everyone concerned with higher education issues.
Student Rights
Authors: Hinchey Patricia H.
Published: June 2024

A survey of the evolution of student rights, from children as property to free speech, prayer in the classroom, compulsory flag salutes, school searches, drug testing, and the right to equal education.

This fascinating survey provides a comprehensive introduction to student rights, tracing the legal status of children as their father's property to their current status as citizens entitled to constitutional rights. Written by Patricia Hinchey,Student Rights: A Reference Handbookchronicles the landmark legislation and court decisions that have enabled the gradual transformation of students' rights.

This book explains issues surrounding mandatory education and education as a property right, examines various inequities such as the segregation of minority students, and discusses bilingualism (notably the Ebonics, or Black English, controversy in Oakland, California). It describes the persistent tension regarding religion and education, and explores current controversies such as the widespread use of strip searches in schools by nonuniformed officials.
Technologies for Education==ABC
Authors: Lilavois Nick , Barron Ann E. , Ivers Karen S. , Orwig Gary W.
Published: June 2024

Staying on top of technological change can be a challenge, but this book brings help. Presenting an up-to-date overview of the technologies that are having an impact on education, this fourth edition provides you with the latest information about a large variety of topics and demonstrates how technologies can best be applied in educational settings. You will never lag behind again when it comes to understanding all that today's technologies have to offer! Topics include: • Teaching with Technology • Computer Graphics Animation and 3D • Virtual Reality Digital Audio and Voice Recognition • Digital Video Production • Local Area Networks • Telecommunications • The Internet • Distance Learning Technologies • Software and Hardware
Telecommunications America
Authors: Irwin Manley R
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
Terrorism, U.S. Strategy, and Reagan Policies
Authors: Celmer Marc A
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
Transitions to Capitalism and Democracy in Russia and Central Europe
Authors: Logue John , Hancock M.  Donald
Published: June 2024

Hancock and Logue, along with their contributors, seek to explicate the achievements, problems, and prospects of simultaneous processes of economic and political transitions from communism to contrasting forms of market economies and democracy in Russia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovenia, and eastern Germany. Contributors include 14 American and European scholars with intimate professional and personal familiarity with the various case studies.

The contributors draw on process analysis and transition theory to explore different national approaches to privatization. This includes individual voucher schemes, the use of investment funds, the direct sale of former state owned enterprises, employee buy outs, direct foreign investments and their consequences for parallel processes of marketization and democratization. A quarter of the volume is devoted to comparative analyses of contrasting modes of privatization, the role of public opinion and law in the transition process, and the international economic and political context of postcommunist transformation. An important analysis for scholars, students, and other researchers involved with postcommunist economic and political change.
The Ups and Downs of Affirmative Action Preferences
Authors: Raza M.  Ali , Anderson A.  Janell , Custred   Jr. Harry Glynn
Published: June 2024

In the context of the evolution of affirmative action at the national and state levels, this study offers an empirical account of the citizens' movement in California that successfully resulted in the passage of a constitutional amendment to abolish such preferences in public education, public employment, and public contracting. It describes how the concept of affirmative action was transmuted into quotas and set-asides even in those situations where there was no credible evidence of past discrimination. This process was aided by Presidential Executive Orders as well as by some Supreme Court decisions which, until the late 1980s, failed to provide clear parameters of compensatory versus preferential actions. The California movement arose to reassert the original vision of equality as contained in the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Raza, Anderson, and Custred, who have studied the historical development of the phenomenon and have witnessed its actual operation, lift the curtain of secrecy that surrounds such preferences.

This book challenges the notion that affirmative action is a benign and temporary measure that simply provides a helping hand to those who are disadvantaged. There is ample evidence of the institutionalization of preferences that generally provide advantages to those who could otherwise compete on their own merits. Such unfair competitive advantages, provided by government agencies and public educational institutions have neither moral nor political majority support; however, they continue to exist through pressure of political interest groups, liberal political ideology, and entrenched bureaucrats who administer the system. Quite contrary to some people's thinking, the system of preferences may no longer be considered either permanent or necessary.
Using Cognitive Approaches with the Seriously Mentally Ill
Authors: Olevitch Barbara
Published: June 2024

This first person account of a clinical psychologist's work is a guide to the use of cognitive techniques with seriously mentally ill clients. Although it is written in nontechnical language accessible to the beginning therapist, it includes enough detailed material about the unusual thinking of seriously ill clients to expand the repertoire of the experienced therapist as well. It covers a wide range of possible applications—from individual sessions to alleviate the desperation of hospitalized patients, to the development of group preventive workshops and psychoeducational tools using interactive media.
Violence in Schools
Authors: Sexton-Radek Kathy
Published: June 2024

School violence, from simple bullying to murder, is on the rise. Therefore, Kathy Sexton-Radek has addressed the need for a straightforward, in-depth discussion of school violence in this edited collection. She has compiled essays from an impressive group of authors including both academics and practitioners. Together, they present a comprehensive view of the many types of school violence and how to prevent it. This book will serve as an invaluable tool for teachers, parents, counselors, school administrators, and psychologists dealing with violent children and their victims.

This volume is divided into three major sections, the first of which provides a conceptual foundation to help the reader understand school violence. Section two presents programmatic strategies for the prevention of violence. And, finally, the third section offers a chapter by Sexton-Radek on conflict resolution and several useful appendices, one of which is a listing of web resources for violence prevention programming.
Waging War on Trial
Authors: Dirck Brian R.
Published: June 2024

A thought-provoking and engaging guide to the legal, moral, and political issues that arise when the United States goes to war.

From the American Revolution to the Bush administration's new type of war on terror,Waging War on Trialviews warfare from a legal, social, cultural, and political standpoint. Included are homefront debates during major hostilities, "brushfire" incidents, and how the events of September 11th have shaped our domestic wartime policy.

The battle continues today as the President and Congress debate over who begins and ends military operations. Concerns about civil liberties, the draft, and internal security are as relevant today as during the Civil War. Questions arise on how dissenters and minorities are treated and if America can legally control the behavior of our soldiers. It's an intricate interplay between war and America's institutions.
The War for South Viet Nam, 1954-1975
Authors: Joes Anthony J.
Published: June 2024

Like the widely praised original, this new edition is compact, clearly written, and accessible to the nonspecialist. First, the book chronicles and analyzes the twenty-year struggle to maintain South Vietnamese independence. Joes tells the story with a sympathetic focus on South Viet Nam and is highly critical of U.S. military strategy and tactics in fighting this war. He claims that the fall of South Viet Nam was not inevitable, that an abrupt and public termination of U.S. aid provoked a crisis of confidence inside South Viet Nam that led to the debacle. Students and scholars of military studies, South East Asia, U.S. foreign policy, or the general reader interested in this fascinating period in 20th century history, will find this new edition to be invaluable reading.

After discussing the principal American mistakes in the conflict, Joes outlines a workable alternative strategy that would have saved South Viet Nam while minimizing U.S. involvement and casualties. He documents the enormous sacrifices made by the South Vietnamese allies, who in proportion to population suffered forty times the casualties the Americans did. He concludes by linking the final conquest of South Viet Nam to an increased level of Soviet adventurism which resulted in the invasion of Afghanistan, the U.S. military build-up under Presidents Carter and Reagan, and the eventual collapse of the USSR. The complicated factors involved in the war are here offered in a consolidated, objective form, enabling the reader to consider the implications of U.S. experiences in South Viet Nam for future policy in other world areas.
The Way It Worked and Why It Won't
Authors: Bjork Gordon C.
Published: June 2024

While the decline of U.S. economic growth has been widely recognized and debated by professional economists, no one has until now offered a comprehensive description and explanation. Professor Bjork does so, and he explains the growth slowdown as a natural consequence of economic maturity.

In addition, Bjork explains how productivity growth occurs within industries and the economy as a whole and how accounting conventions fail to account for growth in expanding sectors of the economy such as services and government. He quantifies the effects of structural change in slowing the rate of growth, and he demonstrates why taxes and transfer payments for the education of the young and the maintenance and health care of the retired populationnecessarilyincrease with economic growth and maturity. This is an important synthesis for professional economists and policy makers as well as students and the concerned public.
What Managers Say, What Employees Hear
Authors: Maruca Regina Fazio
Published: June 2024

This book is a wake-up call for any executive who thinks front-line employees give a damn. In retail stores, on shop floors, and in offices around the country (and around the world), a refrain of disillusionment and distrust is being sung, and its negative effects on corporate performance— e.g., employee retention, productivity, customer relationships—are profound. A huge gulf exists between the corner office and the cubicle, in terms of how people define their company's brand, vision, strategy, and goals, and the means to achieve them. Even enlightened business leaders, who support cultures of inclusion and open communication, find that their messages aren't getting through—the quantity of information available to front-line employees has increased, but the quality, in terms of both transmission and reception, has not.

What Managers Say, What Employees Hearreveals the roots and effects of these problems, and presents a wealth of practical insights for addressing them. FormerHarvard Business ReviewSenior Editor, Regina Maruca, has assembled an all-star cast of management writers, consultants, educators, and practitioners to provide fresh insights for bridging the gaps between management and employees—and improving everyone's performance in the process. Showcasing innovative practices in corporate strategy, communications, operations, customer service, and employee training at such world-class organizations as eBay, Radio Shack, Southwest Airlines, Bank of America, and Enterprise Rent-A-Car, the book demonstrates the positive effects of aligning goals and actions, building trust, and investing in the front line.
World Poverty
Authors: Gilbert Geoffrey
Published: June 2024

World Povertyprovides an authoritative and balanced examination of the many facets of world poverty and the policy issues surrounding it.

World Poverty: A Reference Handbookprovides an authoritative overview of world poverty as it stands today. Economic expert Geoffrey Gilbert offers a balanced examination of the controversies and policies surrounding world poverty and addresses such fundamental issues as the definition of poverty and the construction of indicators and indices.

In clear terms, this reference work sheds light on spatial patterns of poverty around the globe; the quality of health, food, shelter; and the commitments of the international community. Issues of special interest such as globalization, effectiveness of foreign aid, corruption, and goals for poverty reduction are presented from diverse angles. As with all volumes in the series, this essential reference includes biographical profiles, pivotal documents, and detailed listings of organizations and resources.
Facing Tough Choices
Authors: Eastaugh Steven R.
Published: June 2024

Eastaugh provides a blend of descriptive and prescriptive economics, as well as a thorough examination of our current fiscal and monetary policies and problems. With an eye to the impact of special interest politics, he shows the difficulties in--and the necessity of--surmounting our fiscal, educational, trade, productivity, and health care accessibility deficits. This synthesis of currently available information will be invaluable in public administration and public finance courses, as well as public policy programs.
The Last Choice
Authors: Prado
Published: June 2024

The Last Choiceestablishes that preemptive suicide in advanced age can be rational: that it can make good sense to evade age-related personal diminishment even at the cost of good time left. Criteria are provided to help determine whether soundly reasoned, cogently motivated,and prudently timed self-destruction can be in one's interests late in life. In our time suicide and assisted suicide are being increasingly tolerated as ways to escape unendurable mental or physical suffering, but it isn't widely accepted that suicide may be a rational choice before the onset of such suffering. This book's basic claim is that it can be rational to choose to die sooner as oneself than to survive as a lessened other: that judicious appropriation of one's own inevitable death can be an identity-affirming act and a fitting end to life.

Discussion of preemptive suicide goes beyond contributing to current widespread debate about assisted suicide. It is a matter tightly interrelated with other right to die questions and one bound to become a national issue. If there are good arguments for escaping intolerable situations caused by age-related deteriorative conditions, most of those arguments will equally support avoidance of those conditions. If assisted suicide becomes more generally acknowledged and accepted, preemptive suicide will almost certainly follow. It is crucial, then, to examine whether preemptive suicide constitutes a rational option for reflective aging individuals.
Transportation Infostructures
Authors: Diebold John
Published: June 2024

This volume, the first to result from the Diebold Institute Information-Based Infrastructure Project, explores the links between business and government in the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technology. The work focuses on road and vehicular infrastructures, comparing those of the U.S., Europe, and Japan, and the roles that ITS can play in solving major current and anticipated future transportational problems. Special attention is given to environmental and economic concerns.

The world's infrastructure requires refurbishing, but it especially requires rethinking. The computer has transformed business enterprises and now information technology can change our environment. This book explores the benefits and how to achieve them through the use of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The implementation of ITS will potentially lead to individual drivers, fleet operators, and public transit users saving vast amounts of journey time and fuel, to a significant reduction in pollution and to improved road safety. The Japanese are ahead of the U.S. and Europe in the area of intelligent transportation systems, using position location devices, and electronic maps.

Most look at this development as one that helps speed passenger cars, but this book details the economics which point to the technology being equally good for speeding trucks and easing the movement of freight. Traffic avoidance is only part of the problem although route guidance is helpful. Financing of projects in ITS is an important area for innovation and ITS could be a source of revenue to municipalities rather than an expense.
Encyclopedia of African-American Education
Authors: Fultz Michael , Jones Wilson Faustine C. , Jacobs Sylvia M. , Anderson D.  Kamili , Okazawa-Rey Margo , Asbury Charles A.
Published: June 2024

This indispensable reference is a comprehensive guide to significant issues, policies, historical events, laws, theories, and persons related to the education of African-Americans in the United States. Through several hundred alphabetically arranged entries, the volume chronicles the history of African-American education from the systematic, long-term denial of schooling to blacks before the Civil War, to the establishment of the Freedmen's Bureau and the era of Reconstruction, toBrown v. Board of Educationand the civil rights reforms of the last few decades. Entries are written by expert contributors and contain valuable bibliographies, while a selected bibliography of general sources concludes the volume.

The African-American population is unique in that its educational history includes as law and public policy the systematic, long-term denial of the acquisition of knowledge. In the 18th century, African-Americans were initially legally forbidden to be taught academic subjects in the South, where most African-Americans lived. This period, which ended around 1865 with the conclusion of the Civil War and the establishment of the Freedmen's Bureau, was followed by the introduction of laws, policies, and practices providing for rudimentary education for 69 years under the dual-school, separate-but-equal policies established byPlessy v. Ferguson(1896). These policies did not end until theBrown v. Board of Educationdecisions of 1954 and 1955 were reinforced by the passage of civil rights and equal opportunity legislation in the mid-1960s.

The education of African-Americans has been a continuing moral, political, legal, economic, and psychological issue throughout this country's history. It continues to consume time and attention, and it remains an unresolved dilemma for the nation. Through several hundred alphabetically arranged entries, this indispensable reference offers a comprehensive overview of significant issues, policies, historical events, laws, persons, and theories related to African-American education from the early years of this country to the present day. The entries are written by expert contributors, and each entry includes a bibliography of works for further reading. A selected, general bibliography concludes the volume.
The Age of Total War, 1860-1945
Authors: Black Jeremy
Published: June 2024

What is total war? Definitions abound, but one thing is certain—the concept of total war has come to be seen as a defining concept of the modern age. Celebrated historian Jeremy Black explores the rise and demise of an era of total war, which he defines in terms of the intensity of the struggle, the range (geographical and/or chronological) of conflict, the nature of the goals, and the extent to which civil society was involved. He contends that this era (roughly 1860-1945) was markedly different from the warfare that characterized earlier periods; and that it is very different from the situation that has evolved since, with its emphasis on asymmetrical conflict and limited warfare.

Acknowledging that various definitions are problematic and often contradictory, Black argues that 1860 to 1945 was an era in which the prospect of war and the consequences of it were crucially important for human history. He focuses primarily on conflict between Western powers, including Japanese participation in the Russo-Japanese War. Trends and developments subsequent to 1945 have combined, Black asserts, to make a return to total war unlikely.
Ballistic Missile Defense and the Future of American Security
Authors: Handberg Roger
Published: June 2024

American politicians have long been troubled by the question of whether or not to deploy a national missile defense system. The argument has focused upon the questions of cost, both political and fiscal, plus the reliability of the technologies. This study places that debate within the context of an ongoing controversy over the direction of American foreign and defense policy since the 1950s. Since that time several distinct worldviews (labeled Believers, Pragmatists, and Wilsonians) have been articulated, views which predetermine decision-makers' positions on national missile defense. Those worldviews structure how technology tests and costs are evaluated regardless of outcomes. Politics, not technological proficiency, drives policy decisions.

In effect, the debate has been a dialogue of the deaf and blind wherein each perceives only that which fits their predetermined views. This controversy raises questions regarding the use of deterrence as the basis for national policy and the role of technology in making such decisions. Handberg places this debate within the historical flow of events, dating back to the first inkling that national missile defense might be possible. The arrival of the George W. Bush administration moves national missile defense to the forefront with the question of deployment now considered a near reality.
Black Colleges
Authors: Jones Bruce A.
Published: June 2024

Black colleges are central to the delivery of higher education. Notwithstanding, there is scant treatment of these key institutions in the research literature. There is a need for a comprehensive and cogent understanding of the primary characteristics of the policies and practices endemic to black colleges. This book provides the scholarly basis requisite to organize, give meaning to, and shape the analyses and applications of policy and practice within the black college. The collected chapters respond to the paucity of research literature addressing these institutions. In each chapter, the authors acknowledge the specific characterisics of black colleges that make them unique. Understanding the fundamental characteristics that shape black colleges is critical to gaining a comprehensive understanding of higher education at large. The policy and praxis challenges exhibited at black colleges serve as exemplars to how all colleges perform their respective functions in society. Black colleges serve as testimonies to the transformative power of adversity, and beacons of possibility in and era of retrenchment and ambiguity. These roles call on black colleges to aid and assist in creating an opportunity for educational change.
Bringing Out Their Best
Authors: Livo Norma J.
Published: June 2024

[No abstract available]
Cars and Culture
Authors: Volti Rudi
Published: June 2024

More than any other artifact of modern technology, the automobile has shaped our physical, social, and cultural environment. At the same time, the history of the automobile demonstrates how decisions made by governments, entrepreneurs, and the general public have strongly affected the automobile's evolution.Cars and Culturesprovides a succinct yet comprehensive history of the automobile. While the book highlights the technical changes that altered the appearance and performance of automobiles, it also explores the political, economic, social, and cultural forces that shaped the car's development. Because of the wide-ranging impact of the automobiles, no history would be complete without covering the components essential for our automotive-based transportation system—roads and highways, gasoline production, traffic laws, governmental regulation— as well as the other aspects of our social and cultural history that were deeply affected by the history of the automobile—labor unions, suburbanization, travel and recreation, and the fast-food industry.

Anyone fascinated by the history of the automobile will find much of interest in this volume. Students and general readers will find such information as: • 4,192 cars produced in the U.S. in 1900, 1,681 were steam-powered, 1,575 were electrics, and only 936 used internal combustion engines • General John Pershing organized a convoy of 79 trucks that crossed the U.S. from Washington to San Francisco in 1919. Hampered by the poor state of the roads upon which they traveled, the trucks averaged only fifty miles a day, and needed 56 days to complete their journey • In 1960, the entire Japanese automobile industry exported fewer than 1000 cars to the United States; by the early 1980s, it became such a threat to the U.S. auto industry that the U.S. government limited Japanese imports to 1.65millioncars per year.

Although focused on the United States, it is global in scope, with comparisons to how the automobile developed in Europe, Japan, and elsewhere. The volume includes a chronology of the automobile's evolution, a glossary of technical terms, a selected bibliography, and more than 20 photographs and illustrations.
The Challenge of Same-Sex Marriage
Authors: Strasser Mark
Published: June 2024

In November 1998, the Hawaii and Alaska electorates voted to amend their state constitutions so that same-sex marriages would not have to be recognized. Rather than end the controversy surrounding same-sex marriages, the passage of these amendments will only spur more litigation, because the referenda themselves implicate constitutional guarantees and because amending a state constitution cannot lessen federal constitutional protections. Since same-sex marriages promote many of the same individual and state interests that opposite-sex marriages do, states will be unable to justify their same-sex marriage bans if those rationales are closely examined. When challenged, the recent constitutional amendments in Hawaii and Alaska may well be held unconstitutional by the state supreme courts on federal constitutional grounds, although ultimately the United States Supreme Court will likely be asked to resolve the relevant issues.

Suppose that state same-sex marriage bans are held not to violate federal constitutional guarantees, but that one state nonetheless recognizes such unions. The other states will be permitted to refuse to recognize marriages celebrated in that state only if certain conditions have been met. Contrary view notwithstanding, the law of nature exception will not apply in this case. Further, even the Defense of Marriage Act will likely not afford states the right to refuse to recognize any and all same-sex marriages validly celebrated in sister states.
Christianity, Tragedy, and Holocaust Literature
Authors: Steele Michael R.
Published: June 2024

Identifying elements of the Christian worldview that have influenced our theories of tragedy, Steele demonstrates how these theories fail when applied to Holocaust literature. The challenge of interpreting Holocaust literature is highlighted by a close investigation of the extent to which Christian thought, especially the view of transcendence, has permeated theories of interpretation. The author appeals for a new theory of tragedy which would allow an understanding of Holocaust literature without Christian interpretive biases. This book will be of interest to scholars of Holocaust literature, religion, and literary criticism.
Computers
Authors: Ferro David L. , Swedin Eric G.
Published: June 2024

The computer is the great technological and scientific innovation of the last half of the twentieth century. It has revolutionized how we organize information, how we communicate with each other, and even the way that we think about the human mind. Computers have eased the drudgery of such tasks as calculating sums and clerical work, making them both more bearable and more efficient. The computer has become ubiquitous in many aspects of business, recreation, and everyday life, and the trend is that they are becoming both more powerful and easier to use.Computers: The Life Story of a Technologyprovides an accessible overview of this ever changing technology, giving students and lay readers an understanding of the complete scope of its history from ancient times to the present day.

The volume includes a glossary of terms, a timeline of important events, and a selected bibliography of useful resources for further information.
The Condition of English
Authors: Fleishman Avrom
Published: June 2024

Now that the political correctness controversy has cooled, a time for sober reflection on the field of English has arrived. In this insightful overview of English, and of literary studies, Fleishman employs both historical perspective and pragmatic sense about choices for the future. His approach is to apply recent strategies of contextual understanding to English itself. What can a class analysis tell us about the influence on the profession of the changing American socioeconomic system? What are the likely intellectual and professional outcomes of the curricular embrace of minority literatures, neglected authors, and popular culture? Beyond stimulating self-evaluation by English educators, this study prepares readers outside the field to selectively encourage new curricular and methodological opportunities.
Confessing Christ in a Post-Holocaust World
Authors: Knight Henry F.
Published: June 2024

The questions posed by the Holocaust force faithful Christians to reexamine their own identities and loyalties in fundamental ways and to recognize the necessity of excising the Church's historic anti-Jewish rhetoric from its confessional core. This volume proposes a new framework of meaning for Christians who want to remain both faithful and critical about a world capable of supporting such evil. The author has rooted his critical perspective in the midrashic framework of Jewish hermeneutics, which requires Christians to come to terms with the significant other in their confessional lives. By bringing biblical texts and the history of the Holocaust face to face, this volume aims at helping Jews and Christians understand their own traditions and one another's.
Conflict in Korea
Authors: Pares Susan , Hoare James E.
Published: June 2024

This invaluable encyclopedia covers all aspects of the conflict in Korea, principally from 1945 to the present.

Conflict in Koreafeatures A–Z entries, many of them illustrated, and covers people, events, places, political parties, treaties and agreements, the origins of the conflict, and the involvement of the superpowers, China, and the United Nations. A substantial number of the entries deal with the Korean War itself, but many others focus on developments since the cease-fire of July 1953.

Entries cover topics such as abductions and assassinations; the "axe murders" of 1976; border incidents along the 38th parallel; defections, the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ); espionage, family reunions, food shortages, and the Korean War in literature and film. Of further use to readers are a chronology, maps, bibliography, and subject index.
Conflicting Communication Interests in America
Authors: McCourt Tom
Published: June 2024

Public broadcasting has changed dramatically since its founding in 1967. The growing equation of marketplace efficiency with the public interest has, in Tom McCourt's analysis, undermined the value of public goods and services. In addition, political and cultural discourse is increasingly beset by fragmentation. Public radio provides an exemplary site to examine the prospects and problems of contemporary public life.

Beginning with a description of the events that led to the creation of National Public Radio, McCourt discusses the relationship between NPR and its affiliate stations and the ways in which struggles over funding and programming have affected public radio's agenda. He also examines how public radio incorporates the roles of public representatives into its operations and how its methods to determine the needs and interests of the public have changed across the system's history. The social, political, and economic pressures that have impacted the mission and practices of National Public Radio, McCourt asserts, are manifest in all areas of American life. Through extensive historical research, he examines whether American public broadcasters, as represented by NPR, have succeeded or failed to engender an enlightened, participatory democracy.
Creative Awakening
Authors: Harap Louis
Published: June 2024

Around the turn of the century, the United States was still experiencing the mass migration of millions of Jews and other immigrants escaping oppression and poverty in Europe. Set against this historical backdrop, author Louis Harap examines the development of the Jewish American, as both writer and character, from 1900 to the 1950s. Creative Awakening traces fifty years' development of Jewish American fiction, poetry and humor, as it analyzes fictional portrayals of Jews themselves.
Crossroads of Intervention
Authors: Greentree Todd
Published: June 2024

The challenges that vex the United States today in Iraq, Afghanistan, and elsewhere are not altogether as new and unique as they seem. U.S. involvement in Central America during the 1980s clearly demonstrated the costs, risks, and limits to intervention and the use of force in internal conflicts. Much can be learned today about the nature of irregular warfare from the experiences of the United States and the other protagonists in Central America during the final phase of the Cold War. The U.S. perceived a threat to national security in these wars from determined insurgents with a compelling revolutionary ideology and powerful allies that linked them to other conflicts around the world. This strategy and policy analysis makes a new contribution to irregular warfare theory through an examination of the origins, strategic dynamics, and termination of the Sandinista insurrection in Nicaragua, the decade long counterinsurgency of the Salvadoran government against the FMLN guerrillas, and the concurrent Contra insurgency against the Sandinistas.

Many of the lessons about the fundamental and recurring nature of irregular warfare are being rediscovered in the current challenges of radical Islam, Iraq, Afghanistan, and elsewhere, despite the great differences in circumstance, culture, and geography. In the Central American case, three successive Presidents encountered serious domestic controversy over U.S. policies and refrained from sending U.S. combat troops to intervene directly. Most importantly, they prudently heeded warnings that internal wars of all types are rarely subject to military solutions, because their natures are equally and fundamentally political. Greentree presents his argument as a strategy and policy case study of the civil wars in Nicaragua and El Salvador during the final decade of the Cold War. The book comprises an examination of the origins, strategic dynamics, and termination of these wars from the points of view of the main participants—Nicaragua, El Salvador, Cuba, the Soviet Union, and the United States. It also develops a general conceptual framework for understanding the nature of insurgency, counterinsurgency, revolution, and intervention that builds on classic strategic theory and contemporary thought on irregular warfare. From the perspective of global superpower conflict, the wars in Central America were peripheral small wars or low intensity conflicts. However, for the internal protagonists these were total and bloody wars for survival. Involvement in such wars has been cyclical in the U.S. experience, and it is misfortunate, if not tragic, that the greatly similar problems encountered across widely varying circumstances are quickly forgotten.
The Cuban Americans
Authors: Gonzalez-Pando Miguel
Published: June 2024

Today more than one million emigrés make up the Cuban diaspora, and many, though living in America, still consider themselves part of Cuba. This book captures the struggles and dreams of Cuban Americans. Using this resource, students, teachers, and interested readers can examine the engaging and often controversial details of Cuban immigration. Such details include patterns of immigration, adaptation to American life and work, cultural traditions, religious traditions, women's roles, the family, adolescence, language, and education. Because the author is himself a Cuban American, he does not treat the emigr^D'es as mere subjects nor does he tell their story in statistical terms alone. As an insider, he delves deeply into the soul of the community to illustrate all the dimensions of the Cuban American experience.

Gonzalez-Pando's unique vantage point yields not just a detailed account of major events that have influenced the development of the Cuban exile community in the United States, but also a knowledgeable interpretation of the impact of those events. He focuses on the community's self-identification as exiles, showing how these reluctant emigr^D'es have found the strength to succeed in America without surrendering their sense of national and cultural identity. A timeline of Cuban American history, biographical sketches of 20 noted Cuban Americans, a bibliography, and photos complete the text. Like its subjects, this book is thought-provoking and inspiring.