bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuel Cell Sizing for a UAV with Intermeshing Rotors using a Genetic Algorithm for NDARC Rotor Performance Calibration
Authors:   Technical University of Munich, Zappek Victor , Yavrucuk Ilkay
Published: June 2023

Hydrogen fuel cell driven electric vertical flight is a current area of research and an alternative to battery based electric flight. This paper presents the models and methods used to size the hydrogen power plant and tanks of an unmanned helicopter named AREA. The battery electric power system of AREA will be converted to hydrogen power in the future. The goal of the conversion is to increase the flight time from the current 25 minutes to more than one hour. The design is performed using the NDARC preliminary design software. AREA uses intermeshing rotors. First, the necessary settings are found to model intermeshing rotors in NDARC, as this rotor concept is not natively supported by NDARC. Second, the rotor performance model is calibrated based on CAMRAD II simulations and flight test data. For this purpose, an automated calibration tool is developed using a genetic algorithm for robust calibration results. Third, the hydrogen system components are modeled and sized for the planned 60 min cruise test mission at maximum endurance speed. The results show that the nominal fuel cell power should be 3.8 kW and 280 g of hydrogen are required. The sized hydrogen system weighs approximately 20 kg.
Increasing Agility through AMESim to Iteratively Simulate, Analyze and Design Helicopter Brake Systems
Authors:   Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, Debacher Kevin , Spiller Kaila
Published: June 2023

This paper outlines the use of a numerical physics simulation software, AMESim, to increase agility in designing a helicopter brakes system. The paper emphasizes details of each simulation iteration per design phase. It will be shown that the simulation accelerates design decisions, verifies system level functionality, and improves prediction accuracy as reflected in system testing. The paper will illustrate how the software aided engineering decisions and risk reductions at each project milestone, which led to a successful system design that met all requirements.
Experimental Aerodynamics validation of a Tiltrotor platform within Next Generation Tiltrotor Technology Demonstrator project
Authors:   Leonardo Helicopter Division, Cassinelli Carlo , Nour Pierre , Bernini Gianni , Campanardi Gabriele , Dall'Aglio Maria , Lilliu Cristian , Pecoraro Matteo , Preatoni Gaetano
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to present the evolution of a comprehensive and lean approach used to validate an aircraft design against given aerodynamics requirements. The architecture is a tiltrotor developed under Clean Sky 2 JU FRC (CS2 FRC) program by Leonardo Helicopters Division (LHD): Next Generation Civil Tiltrotor Technology Demonstrator (NGCTR-TD). Against previous tiltrotors, this configuration encompasses some key aerodynamics differences: a v-shaped tail, partially movable nacelle with fixed engine and an efficient wing with the ability to carry a significant fuel fraction. Undergoing significant modifications, a validation of the aerodynamics phenomena typical of a tiltrotor is necessary. At first, a deep explanation of the phenomena and their 3D interactions is given, then the corresponding experimental campaigns are explained in terms of the critical decisions toward a lean approach and finally the key results are presented together with a global review of the entire campaigns and the value of the validation against reliable experiments.
Optimal Operation of Rotor-Wing Assemblies on eVTOL Aircraft
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Whitt Jonah , Gandhi Farhan
Published: June 2023

eVTOL aircraft with tilting rotors and fixed wings for cruise lift have control redundancy leading to the possibility of optimal operation over the range of airspeeds. In this study, a single rotor-wing unit is considered to examine how a combination of rotor RPM, rotor root pitch, rotor cant, and wing angle of attack can minimize the power requirement, while ensuring that the rotor-wing unit provides the necessary lifting and propulsive forces. Analysis is conducted for both a UAV-scale rotor-wing unit producing 5 lbs lift as well as a manned-UAM scale unit producing 550 lbs lift. For both cases, the power requirements are highest in hover, reduce rapidly as airspeed increases, and then increase slowly at speeds greater than maximum endurance speed. For minimum power operation, the rotors are oriented mostly up at low speed with a relatively low root pitch setting of 25-30 deg, and fully forward (operating as axial propellers) at speeds greater than maximum endurance speed, with the root pitch increasing significantly to account for axial flow through the rotor. At speeds right before the rotor starts tilting downward, the wing lift-share is ∼ 25%, increasing to ∼ 83% at maximum endurance speed, and 100% at higher cruise speeds. If the rotor solidity is low (similar to a UAV-scale propeller, and not high as seen on manned-UAM scale eVTOL rotors), it is feasible to use a fixed pitch rotor set at optimal low-speed values. For such low-solidity fixed-pitch rotors, the power penalty at cruising speeds may be acceptable, but the rotors must operate in a tilted position, rather than oriented fully forward like axial propellers.
39th Annual Vertical Flight Society Student Design Competition - Undergraduate Design Team Executive Summary
Authors:   University of Maryland, Student Undergraduate
Published: June 2023

The UMD team was tasked with designing an electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) air taxi for accommodating passengers with varying disabilities. Blitzen's name is inspired by the German word 'Blitz', which translates to lightning, as well as the name of the mythical flying reindeer. With Blitzen, everyone can enjoy the future of lightning-fast, comfortable, and convenient transportation. Blitzen follows an energy-efficient lift and thrust compounding single main rotor (SMR) design with a fixed wing and swiveling rotorprop that provides anti-torque in hover and forward thrust in cruise. Its spacious cabin provides several disability accommodations, including wheelchair accessibility, storage for large medical devices and resources for those with impaired hearing. A compact wide-screen avionics suite minimizes pilot workload. Outside the cockpit and cabin, all of Blitzen's systems are designed to prioritize safety and comfort without compromising vehicle performance.
Are ROMA and HE4 More Accurate Than CA-125, in Predicting of Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma?
Authors: Behnamfar Fariba , Zafarbakhsh Aazam , Ahmadian Narges
Published: June 2023

Background:

Evaluation of ovarian tumors based on tumor markers could have high clinical importance. In this study, we aimed to assess the predictive value of HE4 and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) compared to CA-125 in the Malignancy of ovarian epithelial masses.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was performed in 2020–2021 including 203 patients. Serum HE4 and CA-125 levels were checked before surgery. According to the pathology report (benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial mass), the predictive values of the three markers were evaluated.

Results:

About 146 cases were benign; 14 cases were borderline and 43 cases were malignant. Most patients (69.8%) in the malignant group were in stage 3. Significantly higher levels of all three markers (CA-125, HE4, and ROMA) were found in patients with malignant tumors compared to benign or borderline tumors (P < 0.001 for all). The sensitivity of CA-125 was the highest (90.7%) in pre- and post-menopausal patients but the specificity of HE4 and ROMA were higher than CA-125 (98.1% and 97.5%, respectively, versus 86.9% for CA-125). In post-menopausal patients, both sensitivities of HE4 and ROMA were 90.5% and the specificity and sensitivity of CA-125 were the highest (95.2% and 100%). In premenopausal patients, the sensitivity of ROMA (90.9%) and the specificity of HE4 (100%) were the highest.

Conclusions:

HE4 and ROMA are not necessary for postmenopausal patients in low-resource areas and a check of serum CA-125 will be enough. The higher-cost, ROMA, and HE4 checks are recommended in premenopausal people because they are more sensitive.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy after nipple-sparing mastectomy in early postoperative period: Is it feasible?
Authors: Kara Halil , Arikan Akif Enes , Dülgeroğlu Onur , Uras Cihan
Published: June 2023

Background:

Axillary lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors for breast cancer. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after mastectomy is highly controversial. There is not enough data about SLNB in the early period after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). This study investigated the feasibility of SLNB in the early postoperative period of NSM.

Materials and Methods:

Patients who were operated on for breast cancer in Acibadem Maslak Hospital between 2009 and 2018 were searched retrospectively. Results of SLNB as the second session in patients whose final pathology report revealed breast carcinoma after contralateral/bilateral prophylactic mastectomy and mastectomy for benign lesions were evaluated.

Results:

In the early period (median 14 days) after NSM, SLNB was performed by intradermal radioisotope injection in five patients with occult breast cancer in contralateral/bilateral prophylactic mastectomy and in one patient with preoperatively suspicious mass which yielded breast cancer at final pathology. In five (80%) patients, SLNB was performed, whereas in one patient axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was performed due to the undetectability of SLN. In one patient, micrometastasis was observed, whereas no metastasis was observed in other patients including the one who underwent ALND. No complication due to SLNB was detected. No recurrence and distant metastasis were detected in a mean follow-up of 42.82 (19–70) months. While SLNB did not change the treatment of patients with contralateral occult carcinoma, other patients had hormonal therapy due to negative SLNB.

Conclusion:

SLNB in the early postoperative period of NSM can be performed by intradermal radioisotope injection. However, further studies are needed to determine the feasibility of SLNB in the early postoperative period of NSM.
Trend of mortality rate due to traffic accidents in Iran from 2006 to 2020: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Erfanpoor Saeed , Hasani Jalil , Mirtorabi Seyed Davood , Manouchehri Reza Haj , Nazari Seyed Saeed Hashemi
Published: June 2023

Background:

Traffic accidents are a common global cause of mortality and physical disability. This study aimed to investigate traffic accident-related mortality trends across provinces in Iran.

Methods:

In this study, information on all deaths caused by traffic accidents in Iran from 2006 to 2020 was collected from the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization, which collects annual data from all 31 Iranian provinces. The national and provincial demographics were assessed, and the trends in mortality rates were assessed over a 15-year span using joinpoint regression based on the log-linear model, with results expressed in terms of annual percentage change (APC). The analysis for the trend was performed using the Joinpoint Regression Program 4.9.0.1.

Results:

During the study period, 291,774 traffic accident-related deaths occurred in Iran, of which 78.6% were men and 21.4% were women. The mean age of the deceased was 37.75 ± 20.89 years. The mortality rate has dropped from 39/100,000 in 2006 to 18.3/100,000 in 2020. In total, the national mortality rate APC for 2006–2015 was −6.3% (P < 0.05) and for 2015–2020 was − 1.70% (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

Despite the overall decreasing national trend in Iran’s traffic accident-related mortality over the study period, the provincial variability was noted. Therefore, it seems necessary to design and conduct epidemiological studies in different areas and provinces, for a better and more accurate understanding of the factors affecting the occurrence of traffic accident-related deaths, resulting in more focused and measurable interventions.
Refractory pancytopenia upon initiation of asciminib in tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Tessier Steven , Aiad Mina , Longo Santo , Wilson Melissa , Faroun Yacoub
Published: June 2023

Asciminib, a “Specifically Targeting the ABL Myristoyl Pocket” inhibitor, is a new drug in the treatment of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Hemocytopenias associated with asciminib are common adverse events documented by clinical trials. We report a case of precipitous-onset pancytopenia with the initiation of asciminib treatment in a patient with TKI-resistant CML. This case had a confounding array of laboratory findings that evidenced a drug-induced hemophagocytic component. We hope that our case stimulates further reporting of similar cases to enhance the understanding of the pathophysiology underlying asciminib-induced hemocytopenias.
Knowledge, Prevalence, and Risk Factor for Lower Back Pain among Dentists in Kollam District, Kerala: A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Ashmi A. , Issac Jyoti Sumi , Girija Parvathy , Arjun D. S. , Siddik A. J. , Shaji Sheba Mariam
Published: June 2023

Context:

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the common occupational hazards among health-care workers. The common cause includes work-related factors such as awkward postures and repetitive motions affecting the back, neck, shoulders, elbows, hands, and wrist, thereby increasing dentist’s exposure to MSDs. By following proper postural ergonomics, these could be avoided.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, prevalence, and risk factors for lower back pain among dentists in Kollam district, Kerala.

Settings and Design:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among clinical dentists working in Kollam for the past 15 years.

Subjects and Methods:

A structured questionnaire in English comprising 25 questions evaluating the prevalence and awareness of ergonomic postures and methods to reduce it was used.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the SPSS for Windows version 17.0. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A total of 77 clinical dentists practicing in Kollam received and responded to the survey and results showed that cause for lower back pain as due to improper chair height (50.6%), frequently change posture between procedures (75.0%), and back pain due to lifting pediatric patients from chair (23.1%). Only 72% of those who did minor stretching exercises, 88% of those who rested their back while working, and 64% of those who stopped working when pain arises did not show pain due to practice.

Conclusions:

Performing proper postural ergonomics on daily practice, taking microbreaks and resting the back while working can prevent MSDs.
Psychological Effect of Performing COVID Duty among the Oral Health-Care Workers in Government and Municipal Facilities in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Jetpurwala Abdulkadeer Mohmadi , Kewalramani Yashika , Subhash U.N.L.Y. , Jain Priti Sushil , Dedhia Shely Pratik , Peter Kalpak , Parate Amit , Rasal Pooja Ranganath
Published: June 2023

Objective:

The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated a global crisis. The participation in management of affected patients, amendments in patient care, and economic restraints lead to high levels of anxiety among dentists, making it essential to understand the psychological health implications of dental professionals. This study aimed to evaluate the psychological impact of performing COVID-related duties during the COVID-19 pandemic among oral health-care workers (OHCWs).

Materials and Methods:

The study was designed as a multicentric, nonclinical, analytical, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study. Responses of 199 OHCWs were included in the study. Questions addressed to them were related to the mental health condition and its psychological manifestation by quantifying the magnitude of symptoms such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress. The responses were statistically analyzed using Student’s t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlations test.

Results:

The prevalence of insomnia, anxiety, depression, and distress was 62.81%, 66.83%, 71.36%, and 58.79%, respectively. The mean scores of the Insomnia Sleep Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Kessler’s 6-Point Scale, and COVID Questionnaire with Demands Scale (CQDS) were 9.27 ± 5.51, 7.96 ± 5.65, 9.88 ± 7.32, 13.95 ± 6.77, and 21.21 ± 7.14, respectively.

Conclusion:

The OHCWs who participated in this study showed the presence of insomnia, anxiety, depression, and distress during their COVID duties. The CQDS scores showed that the OHCWs were less satisfied by their workplace demands.
Sella can tell your age and gender: Determination of age and gender by evaluating the linear dimension of the sella turcica on lateral cephalogram - Retrospective study
Authors: Suryvanshi Akanksha Amarsingh , Lalwani Hemanya Ghanshyam , Patel Twinkal Shaileshbhai , Dudhia Bhavin Bipin , Kansara Vatsal Vithalbhai
Published: June 2023

Background:

In the lateral cephalogram, the sella turcica, a saddle-shaped concavity in the middle cranial fossa on the intracranial surface of the sphenoid bone, is clearly visible. Since it is utilized for forensic analysis, gender determination, and age determination, it is an excellent source of further diagnostic data regarding the estimation of the average sella turcica dimension and morphological variance in various age groups and genders.

Aim:

This study aims to determine the average dimension and morphological variations of the sella turcica in different age and gender groups on lateral cephalogram.

Materials and Methods:

The study sample consisted of 100 lateral cephalometric radiographs from patients 18 years or older. Linear Measurements: The length, depth, and anteroposterior diameter of the Sella Turcica were measured using the Silverman and Kisling methods. Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way ANOVA test and unpaired sample t-test.

Results:

In the present study, age-wise comparison of the linear measurement of sella turcica was not statistically significant in accordance with age with parameter P ≤ 0.05. Among the linear measurement, the parameter depth and diameter had statistically significant differences using parameter P ≤ 0.05 and unpaired t-test with gender. In gender-wise comparison, females tend to have higher sella turcica measurements than males.

Conclusion:

There was a statistically nonsignificant relation between age, and length, depth, and A-P diameter. There were statistically significant differences between sella turcica depth and diameter with genders.
Associations between Antidepressant Resistance, Risks of Previous Pain Disorders, and Risks of Diagnostic Conversion to Bipolar Disorder among Adolescent and Young Adult Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Wu Ping-Chung , Tsai Shih-Jen , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Chen Mu-Hong
Published: June 2023

Background:

Increasing studies have supported the relationship between pain disorders and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) or chronic pain disorders may possibly impact the clinical characteristics of major depressive disorder (MDD). Thus, this linkage has been seen as a potential clinical marker to predict diagnostic conversion to bipolar disorder (BD) among patients with MDD.

Methods:

With the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we enrolled 4,760 adolescent and young adult patients with TRD, 19,040 counterparts with antidepressant-responsive depression, and 19,040 age-/sex-/residence-/family income-matched controls. Then, we followed up on their conversion from MDD to BD from enrollment to the end of 2011.

Results:

The incidence of diagnostic progression from MDD to BD was significantly higher in the TRD group than the non-TRD group (30.5% versus 10.6%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis with adjustment of demographic characteristics showed that the TRD group had the highest risks of previous migraine, tension headache, fibromyalgia, peripheral neuropathy, dysmenorrhea, and irritable bowel syndrome, followed by the non-TRD group, and then the control group (p < 0.05). In further analysis of those data stratified by diagnostic progression to BD, we found no consistent results among different subgroups.

Conclusion:

Clinicians should be aware of the higher risk of developing TRD in depressive patients with comorbid pain disorders such as migraine, tension headache, fibromyalgia, peripheral neuropathy, dysmenorrhea, and irritable bowel syndrome. Besides, we found no consistent results in predicting diagnostic conversion from MDD to BD when the rôle of these pain disorders was evaluated.
Who Determines to Discharge against Medical Advice from an Acute Psychiatric Hospitalization
Authors: Hsieh Yun-Yun , Huang Hui-Yun , Chen Ching-Yen
Published: June 2023

Subjective:

To reduce the nonessential healthcare expenditure and to prevent patients from adverse consequences, we intended in this study to find the prevalence and characteristics of patients with psychiatric disorder with against medical advice (AMA) discharge.

Methods:

We did a review of medical records for patients who hospitalized on the acute psychiatric ward at Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan from January 1, 2013, to August 31, 2018.

Results:

We found that 100 patients (8.1%) were discharged AMA out of total 1,237 discharges. Compared to patients with regular discharges, those with AMA discharge were significantly different between the groups in age (p < 0.05), first time admission (p < 0.001), comorbid substance use disorders (p < 0.05), previous suicide attempts (p < 0.01), and length of hospital stay (p < 0.001). With forward stepwise logistic regression model to look for the most influential predictors for AMA discharge, we found that odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of those with suicidal attempt history (1.931 [1.265–2.949], B = 0.658, p < 0.01) and those with the first-time psychiatric admission (3.435 [2.253–5.237], B = 1.234, p < 0.001) significantly predicted those AMA patients.

Conclusion:

The history of suicide attempt and first-time psychiatric ward admission is the most important predictors for patients with AMA discharge. We suggest that controlled prospective studies can strengthen the study findings and better describe the impact on patients with AMA discharge.
Геодезический поток на пересечении нескольких софокусных квадрик в $\mathbb{R}^n$
Authors: Belozerov Gleb Vladimirovich
Published: June 2023

Согласно теореме Якоби-Шаля для любой геодезической на $n$-осном эллипсоиде в евклидовом $n$-мерном пространстве найдутся помимо этого эллипсоида еще $n-2$ софокусных с ним квадрик, которых одновременно касаются все касательные прямые, проведенные к этой геодезической. В работе показано, что если рассмотреть геодезический поток на пересечении нескольких невырожденных софокусных квадрик, результат останется верным. Как и в случае теоремы Якоби-Шаля, этот факт обеспечивает интегрируемость соответствующего геодезического потока. Для каждого компактного пересечения нескольких невырожденных софокусных квадрик был определен его класс гомеоморфности. Как оказалось, любое такое пересечение гомеоморфно прямому произведению нескольких сфер. Также в работе описано достаточное условие на потенциал, добавление которого сохранит интегрируемость соответствующей динамической системы на пересечении произвольного числа софокусных квадрик.
Библиография: 16 названий.
Integrated Effects of Thai Essential Oil and Balance Exercise on Parameters associated with Falls in Older Adults at Risk of Falling: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Areeudomwong Pattanasin , Duangyod Thidarat , Sutalangka Chatchada , Buttagat Vitsarut
Published: June 2023

Background: Reducing the risk of falling by improving balance and leg strength may be a preventive strategy. This study evaluated the integrated effects of Thai essential oil and balance exercises on parameters associated with Falls in community-dwelling older adults at risk of falling.Methods: Fifty-six participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (IG), which performed balance exercises while smelling Thai essential oil scents of Zanthoxylum limonella (Dennst.) Alston, or the control group (CG), which performed balance exercises while receiving a control patch. Balance exercises were practiced for 12, 30-minute sessions over 4 weeks. Static and dynamic balance with eyes open and eyes closed (EC), leg muscle strength, agility, and fear of falling were assessed at baseline, after the 4-week intervention, and at 1 month after the last intervention session.Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in static and dynamic balance, ankle plantarflexor strength, and agility after the 4-week intervention (p<0.05), which persisted at the 1-month follow-up (p<0.05). Compared to the CG, the IG demonstrated significantly better static balance in terms of elliptical sway area (p=0.04) and center of pressure (CoP) velocity (p=0.001) during EC, as well as ankle plantarflexor strength (p=0.01). The IG also maintained a significantly greater improvement in CoP velocity during EC (p=0.01).Conclusion: Integrated Thai essential oil and balance exercises improved static balance and ankle plantarflexor strength compared to the balance exercise with a control patch in older adults at risk of falling.
Optical Study on Spark Plug Gap in Extending Methane Lean Combustion
Limits under High Ignition Energy Conditions
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Zhang Ren , Chen Lin
Published: June 2023

Lean combustion has the potential to achieve high thermal efficiency for internal
combustion engines. However, natural gas (NG) engines often suffer from slow
burning rates and large cyclic variations when adopting lean combustion. In this
study, the effects of spark plug gaps (SPGs) on methane lean combustion are
optically investigated under high ignition energy conditions. Synchronization
measurements of in-cylinder pressure and high-speed photography are performed
for combustion analysis. The results show that large SPGs with high ignition
energy exhibit great improvement in engine combustion stability and power
capability. Under ultra-lean conditions, a large SPG with a high ignition energy
of 150–200 mJ can extend the lean limit to 1.55. Combustion images indicate that
this is contributed by the enlarged initial flame kernel, which promotes early
flame propagation. Besides, an empirical criterion is adopted to quantify the
underlying mechanism, and the results confirm that a more stable early flame
development with a faster burning rate can be obtained by a larger SPG and
higher ignition energy under lean conditions. Therefore, a large SPG is an
effective way to improve combustion stability and thermal efficiency for NG
engines.
Repetitive Multi-pulses Enabling Lean CH
4
-Air Combustion
Using Surface Discharges
Authors: Umstattd Ryan J. , Jiang Chunqi
Published: June 2023

The development of efficient and reliable ignition systems for lean fuel-air
mixtures is of great interest for applications associated with the use of
combustion in transportation, electricity production, and other heavy
industries. In this study, we report the use of repetitive nanosecond pulsed
surface discharges for the ignition of lean methane (CH4)-air
mixtures at pressures above 1 bar. Powered by ten 10-ns voltage pulses at 10
kHz, a commercially available non-resistive spark plug was used to generate
surface discharges, which were able to ignite CH4-air mixtures at 1.5
bar and with equivalence ratios (ϕ) ranging from 1.0 to 0.5. At the leanest
conditions, e.g., ϕ ≤ 0.6, nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide
(NO2) emission were reduced to <10% of their values at ϕ =
1.0, demonstrating the advantage of lean burn in emission reduction. Consistent
ignition was obtained under extremely lean conditions (e.g., ϕ = 0.5) with a
minimum of five pulses and a minimum Coulomb transfer of 82 μC. Additionally,
the surface plug durability was tested for 114 hours or over 12 million pulse
trains by operating the surface plug in 3.5 bar of dry air at 30 pulse trains
per second. This study shows that the use of repetitive nanosecond pulses with
surface discharge-based plugs holds promise for a durable ignition solution.
Brake-by-Wire System Redundancy Concept for the Double Point of
Failure Scenario
Authors: Schlimme Hauke Christian , Henze Roman
Published: June 2023

Brake-by-wire (BbW) systems are one key technology in modern vehicles. Due to
their great potential in the areas of energy efficiency and automated driving,
they receive more and more attention nowadays. However, increased complexity and
reliance on electric and electrical components in BbW systems bring about new
challenges. This applies in particular to the fault tolerance of the brake
system. Since drivers cannot form a fallback layer of braking functions due to
the mechanical decoupling of the brake pedal, known BbW concepts provide a
redundant system layer. However, driving is significantly limited in the event
of a failure in the BbW system and is only possible under certain restrictions.
The reason for that is a further possible failure (double point of failure
scenario), which can result in a significant loss of braking performance.

To improve the availability level of the braking functions, a principally new
redundancy concept for the double point of failure scenario is presented. This
allows for a less restricted driving operation when the BbW system is subject to
failures. For this purpose, a central electric motor (CEM) and modified
electronic parking brake (EPB) actuators are used on the front axle of a vehicle
to form a separate redundancy layer. Strategies for deceleration and wheel slip
control are developed for the individual actuators as well as for their
simultaneous operation. The performance of the different brake modes is
evaluated in road tests. The analysis shows that especially the combined
operating mode of the CEM and EPB leads to high deceleration levels and robust
operation in low road friction conditions.
Modernity
Authors: Crook Tom
Published: June 2023

This video essay introduces students to the necessity—and difficulty—of engaging with the concept of ‘modernity’: the quality or condition of being modern. Reflecting recent literature
on the subject, it suggests that the best way of understanding this contested concept is to accept that is an essentially contradictory and complex social condition, one that is
composed of a number of processes that pull in different directions at the same time. It offers two examples of this: (i) urbanization and the development domestic privacy; and (ii)
the growth of both bureaucracy and democracy.
Seismic anisotropy and shear-wave splitting: Achievements and perspectives: foreword
Authors: Kaviris George , Gao Yuan , Margheriti Lucia
Published: June 2023

This special issue of Annals of Geophysics “Seismic anisotropy and shear-wave splitting: Achievements and perspectives” originates from a session (S10) of the 37th General assembly of the European Seismological commission ESC 2021 Conference which was planned to take place on 21 September 2021, in Corfu Greece, but due to the Covid19 pandemic was Virtual.   The main theme of the session and of this special issue was the crucial role of seismic anisotropy in investigating the Earth’s interior from the upper crust to the inner core. Shear-wave splitting, one of the most effective ways to study seismic anisotropy, can identify the properties and the geodynamics of the upper mantle, and identify the presence of fluid-saturated microcracks, oriented according to the stress regime, in the upper crust. Azimuthal anisotropy and radial anisotropy can be assessed from earthquake or ambient noise recordings to detect the seismic layered features and to rebuild the 3D seismic structure
Use of exogenous melatonin in Ouled Djellal ewes and rams during non-breeding season
Authors: Adnane Maha , Miroud Kamel
Published: June 2023

The study aimed to investigate the effect of exogenous melatonin treatment on the ewe’s and ram’s reproductive activity, out-of-season breeding, usually matching with spring. The eighty four adult ewes and 16 genitor rams of Ouled Djellal breed, taken randomly out of a 176 ovine flock were treated with respectively 1 or 3 melatonin subcutaneous ear implants (Melovine). The 76 non-treated remaining ewes served as the control group. The rams, kept separately from the females, had scrotal perimeters measured before (PS1) and 47 days after (PS2) melatonin treatment, before they were allowed to run with the ewes. The analysis of the lambing rates had not shown anysignificant difference (P>0.05) between the melatonin treated ewes and those of the control group (90.4% vs. 97.3%) which proves that their sexual activity is not under photoperiod control. However, the analysis by the t-test of the paired samples of the ram’s scrotal perimeters had shown a significant difference (P<0.05) between the measurements before and after melatonin treatment in rams which proves the potential effect of this hormone on daily sperm output. During the study period, no effect on female sexual activity has been noted. In Ouled Djellal sheep breed, melatonin use is not recommended in ewes but it can be useful in rams since it enhances sexual capacity during mating.
İTALYA’DA YENİ GERÇEKÇİLİK VE TÜRKİYE’DE TOPLUMCU GERÇEKÇİ SİNEMA: BİTMEYEN YOL FİLM ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: İNAM Umut
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, dünya sinema tarihinin önemli akımlarından biri olan Yeni Gerçekçiliğin tarihsel, biçimsel ve kuramsal gelişiminden yola çıkarak ortaya çıkış sürecini ve doğuşunu anlamlandırmak, İtalyan ve dünya sinemasındaki filmler üzerinden karşılığını tespit etmektir. Toplumsal sanat olarak değerlendirilen iki sinema akımı; İtalyan Yeni Gerçekçiliği ve Toplumsal Gerçekçi Türk Sinemasının gelişim süreçlerini ortaya koymaktır.
Evaluation of the biological activity of the extracts from Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia leaves on germinating seeds of test cultures
Authors:   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Yakhnovets Maksim N. , Yurchenko Eugene O. ,   International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University
Published: June 2023

Ash-leaved maple and black locust belong to the most actively spreading woody invasive species in flora of Belarus. In process of control of these plants by mechanical destruction, a potential use of their phytomass as mulch in gardening is considered. For such usage, the negative allelopathic effect of the phytomass on other plants should be assessed. In the paper the effects of the complex of unidentified biologically active substances from Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia are studied. This is achieved by a method of biotesting: seeds of Lepidium sativum, Raphanus sativus, and Daucus carota were incubated in vitro with water extracts from green leaves of Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia, grounded into powder before extraction. The percent of germinated seeds, length of main root, and length of hypocotylus were recorded. The experimental concentrations of phytomass for extracts were 5, 10, 50, and 100 g/l; distilled water was in control. Two variants of phytomass were tested: green leaves, dried on sun, and green leaves, exposed to rain, but dried on sun before such exposing. The results show that A. negundo has higher allelopathic (phytotoxic) activity, than R. pseudoacacia. In particular, extract from maple (100 g/l) completely suppressed seed germination of all three test plants, whereas extract from black locust (100 g/l) had statistically neutral effect (slightly decreased the percent of germinated seeds) on radish and carrot. As a rule, the inhibitory effect on all three studied parameters of germlings become higher along with increase of extract concentration. Exceptions were the growth of main root in carrot, which was slightly stimulated by extracts from maple (10 g/l) and black locust (50 g/l). The leaf mass of both species after exposing to rain partly lost its inhibitory allelopathic activity. The phytomass of A. negundo after such exposition demonstrated 2.3 times less inhibition effect on growth of roots in watercress (extract 10 g/l). In some cases the phytomass, exposed to rain, had stimulating action on germlings: extract from maple (5 g/l) increased the percentage of germinated seeds in carrot on 25 %; extract from black locust (5 g/l) provoked 1.9 times elongation of root in carrot in comparison with control; extracts from black locust (5-50 g/l) stimulated 1.3-1.4 times elongation of hypocotylus in watercress. Test plants showed different sensitivity to the same extracts. In particular, black locust extract (100 g/l) decreased the number of germinated seeds for watercress to 3.8 %, but only to 89.3 % for carrot. Black locust extract (leaves, exposed to rain, 100 g/l) decreased the average root length in watercress in 4.5 times, but in radish - in 1.5 times.
RELIGIÃO, ESPIRITUALIDADE E POLÍTICA
Authors: Barros Fábio , Santos Nadson Vinícius dos
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a implementação do Neopentecostalismo na comunidade quilombola do Pratigi - BA e as suas relações entre a “pequena e grande política”, discutindo como esta vertente do cristianismo está sendo inserida nestas comunidades. A escrita foi feita a partir de uma pesquisa etnográfica feita em 2019 por Barros (2020), para a escrita da dissertação de mestrado. Ficando evidente, aqui neste artigo, que a inserção do Neopentecostalismo nas comunidades periféricas e tradicionais, geralmente vão acompanhadas pela “grande política”.
Pendidikan Karakter dalam Menanggulangi Kenakalan Remaja Berdasarkan Aspek “Knowledge, Feeling dan Acting”
Authors: Aini Alifiah Zahratul , Nurhani Devi , Trifiriani Muharrama
Published: June 2023

Indonesia mengalami krisis remaja yang memiliki karakter yang kuat, hal ini dibuktikan dengan melambannya pembangunan negara dan tingginya tingkat kenakalan remaja sebagai wujud dari kegagalan remaja dalam memanfaatkan potensi yang dimilikinya. Sementara di sisi lain, remaja sebagai kaum muda diharapkan dapat memegang kendali negara di masa depan, sehingga para pemuda (remaja) dapat menentukan arah pembangunan bangsa. Untuk membuat Indonesia semakin berkembang memiliki generasi penerus yang berkualitas. Generasi yang berkualitas dapat dibentuk salah satunya melalui pendidikan karakter. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review. Pendidikan harus lebih peduli dan memamhami apa yang harus dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya kenakalan remaja, salah satu caranya adalah dengan menerapkan pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter meliputi moral knowing (pengetahuan moral), moral feeling (perasaan moral), moral action (tindakan moral), tanpa kerja sama antara keluarga dan sekolah pendidikan karakter pada anak tidak akan terwujud dengan baik.
Pengaruh Job Insecurity terhadap Turnover Intention dengan Employee Morale dan Psychological Strain sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada Profesi Keperawatan di Jakarta
Authors: RM Hutri Mardika , H Yogatama Yustinus
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic that has been going on since March 2020 in Indonesia until the time this research was conducted has had a tremendous impact on all industries, including health services in general and hospitals in particular. The economic impact on health care institutions caused by the decline in patients at the beginning of the pandemic and the necessity to prepare personal protective equipment so that they must carry out efficiency and the risk of contracting disease for health workers and workers in hospitals can create feelings of insecurity (job insecurity). These feelings affect work morale (employee morale) and psychological barriers (psychological strain) of nurses as the frontline and can trigger a desire to resign (turnover intention). The online questionnaire was filled out by 110 nurses who worked in hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia in the period leading up to the 1-year period of the Covid-19 pandemic (February-April 2021) faced by Indonesia. Classical Assumption Test with SPSS and PLS-SEM was used to determine the effect of job insecurity on turnover intention with employee morale and psychological strain as mediating variables. From the test results, it was found that job insecurity positively affects the turnover intention of nurses who work in hospitals in Jakarta. Employee morale mediates the relationship between job insecurity and turnover intention, while psychological strain is not proven to mediate this relationship. In conclusion, the turnover intention of nurses working in hospitals in Jakarta 1 year after the pandemic can be influenced by job insecurity conditions. Hospital management and policy makers also need to consider the moral and psychological aspects of health workers, especially nurses as one of the health workers on the front line
Analisa Perilaku dalam Evaluasi Informasi dan Penyebaran Hoax di Media Sosial
Authors: Aditya Kris , Tamara Dewi
Published: June 2023

There is a time now technology is increasingly connected, this can be seen from the rapid information technology. The goal of the study was to identify factors from planned behavior theory (TPB) in the spread of hoax news. The planned behavior theory variables used are attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral control. The study also used the Factor Technology Acceptance (TAM) model with perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use variables.  Hoax news dissemination variables are measured by viral mobile intention (VMI). The research method is quantitative using surveys addressed to respondents in Jabodetabek.  The results showed that attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral controls had no effect on the intention to spread hoaxes as measured by viral mobile intention (VMI). Analysis factor of Mobile Viral Marketing (MVM) in this study was measured by viral mobile attitude (VMAs). The results showed that MVM had an effect on the intention to spread hoaxes as measured by viral mobile intention (VMI)
Pengaruh Media Sosial, E-Lifestyle dan Budaya Digital Terhadap Perilaku Konsumtif
Authors: Al Farasyi Fikri , Iswati Heni
Published: June 2023

Technology and information in Indonesia are growing over time. The use of internet media is also growing and increasing. This growth is supported by the growing use of mobile devices, especially smartphones. This research aims to find out how much influence social media, e-lifestyle and digital culture have on the consumptive behavior of Go Food services in the Jakarta area. This study assessed in terms of consumptive behavior with the presence of social media, e-lifestyle and digital culture. By using a quantitative approach with research instruments in the form of questionnaires. The population used in this study was go food users in the Jakarta area with sampling techniques using Krejie tables of 270 respondents. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS. Based on the results of the analysis in this study concluded that: (1) Social media has an effect on consumptive behavior; (2) E-Lifestyle affects consumptive behavior; (3) Digital culture affects consumptive behavior. Simultaneously social media, e-lifestyle and digital culture have an influence on consumptive behavior. The magnitude of influence shown by the coefficient of determination of 0.865 shows that 86.5% of consumptive behavior is influenced by social media, e-lifestyle and digital culture and the remaining 13.5% is explained by other variables not used in the study.
Efektivitas Pemeriksaan Pajak: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Ikayanti Meirina , Inayati Inayati
Published: June 2023

For developing countries, taxation is a challenging topic and has attracted the attention of researchers. Although taxes have a large contribution as a source of state revenue, in its implementation there are problems in the form of tax realization that does not reach the target. To combat this bad phenomenon, various countries in the world have incorporated tax audits into their tax systems. With the important role of tax audit activities, this paper aims to analyze how tax audits are effective, especially in the context of developing countries. This research is a literature study. Data were collected from various secondary sources and analyzed through qualitative data analysis techniques. The results show that tax audit effectiveness is a construct that can only be valid when its three components (audit probability, detection probability, and sanctions) work together. Tax audit effectiveness is a holistic construction that is a combination of various parts working together in a system to ensure prevention
Pengelolaan Kas Kecil Pada PT Badar Jaya Sakti Pondok Aren Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Safitri Nurwinda
Published: June 2023

In order to compete, companies must be able to manage company funds according to a predetermined plan to assist managers in making the right decisions. An example of managing company funds is the use of petty cash funds, therefore companies must manage petty cash properly. If there is no daily management in small amounts, it can disrupt the smooth operation of the business. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative interview method, namely conducting direct question and answer by asking questions related to petty cash, interviews were conducted with Mr. Akbar as the Admin section at PT Badar Jaya Sakti (BJS). Documentation study is collecting additional data by attaching documents related to petty cash conducted by PT BJS. The data period used is June 2021 - August 2021. Petty cash management implemented by PT BJS is by using the fluctuating method (Fluctuation System). Where the petty cash account balance is
Paleoproduktivitas Formasi Tapak Banyumas Berdasarkan Bukti Mikrofosil
Authors: Dwijaya Bayu Awifan , Prabowo Romanus Edy , Waluyo Gentur , Prayitno Imam
Published: June 2023

Formasi Tapak merupakan formasi yang diketahui banyak mengalami perubahan lingkungan purba. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Formasi Tapak, Gunung Tugel, Kabupaten Banyumas menggunakan foraminifera bentonik dan nannofosil. Analisis umur relatif menunjukkan umur sampel sekitar pliosen awal, yaitu NN14 hingga tidak lebih muda dari NN15 (4,2 juta tahun yang lalu hingga lebih rendah dari 3,5 juta tahun yang lalu). Dinamika paleoekologi diamati dari kelimpahan dan diversitas mikrofosil mengalami kecenderungan yang menurun dari sampel lama ke sampel yang lebih muda. Perubahan paleoproduktivitas diamati berdasarkan produktivitas primer dan skunder, dimana sampel yang lebih tua cenderung lebih tinggi nialinya dari pada yang lebih muda. Kandungan TOC (Total Organic Carbon) pada sampel yang lebih tua memiliki nilai lebih tinggi dibandingkan sampel yang lebih muda. Nilai CaCO3 relatif meningkat ke arah yang lebih muda, tetapi pada sampel A21N persentasenya meningkat secara dramatis