bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A PROJECT MANAGEMENT GEOINFORMATICS UTILITY FOR HEALTH PROTECTION AND SANITARY DRAWINGS IN GREEN CONSTRUCTIONS - INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS
Authors: KOLIOPOULOS TILEMACHOS , THEOCHARATOS SOKRATIS , KOULOUMPIS PANAGIOTIS , RADU CRINA , CRISTEA ION
Published: May 2021

This research study analyses the life cycle assessment of different waste management techniques and sanitary drawings in landfilled waste treatment units' biotechnology at Community Health Centres design for the protection of Public Health from biogas emissions, leachate hazardous toxic acids and landfill biomass biodegradation stages. The environmental impact assessment is examined of associative pollution spaces of Community Health Centres minimising the relative public health's risks. Moreover, it examines the significance of phytobioremediation techniques for landfills' heavy metal concentrations and associated risks minimisation. Reclamation works are examined in associated risks minimisation of toxic hazardous concentrations that could enter in water resources, food chain and agricultural resources. A useful geoinformatics utility is presented in this research study for project management of associated infrastructures in green sustainable construction designs; the optimum operation of Health Centres and associated infratructures for the protection of Public Health.
MEASURING NOISE LEVEL IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Authors: TOMOZEI CLAUDIA , PIPA ALEXANDRA , IRIMIA OANA , PANAINTE-LEHADUS MIRELA , NEDEFF FLORIN
Published: May 2021

The Company SС Sonomа Trаding currently owns a production area, the activity being carried out on a placement has a built area of 275 m2. The monitoring of the noise level within the company Sonoma Trading SRL was carried out for three weeks, between 18.05.2015 - 5.06.2015; for the noisiest equipments. Result of noise level was in the range 82.41 dB – 63.73 dB. The background noise was 38.59 dB. Based on the results of the measurements made, the noise map for both tailoring rooms was prepared: the tailor room and the ironing - stapled - packing section. According to the obtained results, the noise level values within the company Sonoma Trading SRL do not exceed the maximum allowed imposed by the legislation in force.
PULSE WIDTH MODULATION TECHNIQUE FOR THE SPEED CONTROL OF M-PHASE AC MOTORS
Authors: OSARUMWENSE EGWAILE JOEL , MATTHEW ORIAHI
Published: May 2021

Thyristors are now widely used in many power electronics and motor driven applications and all the known methods of control are nothing but variations of either the phase angle firing control (PFC) or the pulse width modulation control (PWM). Each of these methods has its own benefits and disadvantages, but the pulse width modulation control method is, perhaps, by far, the most effective and costly method. Since PWM differs from phase firing control (PFC) in that the control action of PWM takes place only during the time of the firing pulse, this research seeks to develop a combination firing package that maximizes the benefits of the two methods. At first a thyristor is configured as a PNP-type power transistor latch with two ordinary NPN bipolar switching transistors. The power transistor is switched on by zero crossover firing and then switched off by phase angle delay firing. The performance of the model was evaluated and the dynamic characteristics of the motor, such as speed, current, voltage and the total harmonic distortion were carried via simulation. The results shows that by using the Modified PWM firing technique the speed of an m-phase induction motor can be controlled more effectively and reliably. The circuit is easy to implement and cost effective and may be patented and made available for commercial use.
CINEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PRE-TAKING AND PRE-COMPACTING MECHANISMS OF SOME GARBAGE TRUCKS
Authors: VOICU GHEORGHE , LAZEA MIRCEA , ZABAVA BIANCA-STEFANIA , TUDOR PAULA , MOISE VICTOR
Published: May 2021

The paper presents several constructive variants of power systems and makes a comparative analysis of them, both constructively and functionally. The kinematic analysis of a bar and lever mechanism is also realized, which is used in a wide range of compaction by translation. Elucidation of the movement of the working organs of these mechanisms is necessary for a good understanding of their operation, but especially for redesigning and improving their functional parameters for a low loss and low energy operation.
TENDENCIES IN FORMING SHEET METAL PARTS USING INCREMENTAL FORMING ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: CIOFU CATALINA , CHIRITA BOGDAN , LUPU ROXANA , GRIGORAS COSMIN , RADU CRINA , BRABIE GHEORGHE
Published: May 2021

Stretch forming of sheet metal materials is a highly required process in aerospace industry for manufacturing skin parts. Automation of some processes such as cutting, punching, forming, shearing and nesting in conventional manufacturing tends to combine these forming methods. Some researches are made on the formability of sheet metal materials obtained in incremental forming process with stretch forming and water jet incremental micro-forming with supporting dies. This paper is an attempt to review the newly researches made on optimization of manufacturing metal skin parts to achieve geometrical accuracy.
APPLICATION OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN ORDER TO MONITOR GRAIN SILOS
Authors: LAKHOUA MOHAMED NAJEH
Published: May 2021

After a presentation of the management of grain silos, we present the necessity of the system analysis and the identification of information in grain silos based on the OOPP method (Objectives Oriented Project Planning). This kind of analysis enables an efficient management and monitoring of the activities of grain silos. In fact, the OOPP method constitutes a tool of a global system modeling that allows us to analyze a difficult situation by a hierarchically decomposition until attainment a basic level allowing to an operational planning. Then, the aim of this paper is the application of the OOPP method to the analysis of grain silos which enables us to contribute to the development and deployment of an Information System and monitoring of grain storage.
SHIELDING OF NOISE SOURCES USING ACOUSTIC SCREENS COMPOSED
Authors: TOMOZEI CLAUDIA , IRIMIA OANA , PANAINTE-LEHADUS MIRELA
Published: May 2021

The paper presents some experiments in which was used acoustic screens performed in two combinations of material layers. First variant of experimentation was the one in which the walls of the acoustic screens were performed by alternating the layers of OSB - mineral wool – plasterboard. In the second variant was used the combination layers of OSB - mineral wool - corrugated cardboard. The noise level measurements were made of the acoustic screen on construction type with three walls and three walls and lid. The recordings of the noise level were achieved by positioning the source in 4 measuring points and the microphone (receiver) in 16 points. Measurement results showed the best variant of work.
THE PROBLEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA ALONG THE COAST OF TURKEY
Authors: MUHAMMED ERNUR AKINER
Published: May 2021

Turkish coastline neighbor to the Mediterranean Sea faces serious problems such as eutrophication and diffuse pollution. Among diffuse pollution, the leading actor is intensive agriculture. This research focuses on four developed cities, Antalya, Mersin, Adana, and Hatay, along the Turkish Mediterranean shoreline. The inadequate sewage system and insufficient treatment plants lead to eutrophication in populated cities. In the year 2017, in Turkey's Mediterranean region, Aksu, Manavgat, Göksu, Seyhan, Ceyhan, and Asi rivers were monitored. Concentration values for BOD5, Total Phosphorus, Nitrite Nitrogen, and Nitrate Nitrogen parameters were determined. This study observes the pollution status of the rivers according to the Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation. One sample T-Test determined the actual pollution potentials of the rivers. Besides, uncontrolled heavy metal and toxic emissions from industry are essential problems.
THERMAL INSULATING MATERIAL WITH HIGH MECHANICAL STRENGTH MADE FROM CLAY BRICK WASTE AND COAL ASH USING THE MICROWAVE ENERGY
Authors: PAUNESCU LUCIAN , DRAGOESCU MARIUS FLORIN , AXINTE SORIN MIRCEA
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the results of experimental research for manufacture a high mechanical strength thermal insulating material using the microwave energy. Clay brick waste (75 - 83 mass %) and coal ash (15 - 23 mass %) as raw material and silicon carbide (2%) as a foaming agent have been used as a powder mixture. The porous product obtained by a sintering/ foaming process at 1115 - 1145 ºC had relatively low density and thermal conductivity (0.50 - 0.68 g/cm3 and 0.078 - 0.095 W/mK, respectively) and high compressive strength (up to 7.5 MPa). This remarkable combination of some physical and mechanical characteristics of the insulating material allows its use in applications involving mechanical stress resistance.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR FOUR-BAR LINKAGE AND SLIDER-CRANK MECHANISMS
Authors: ADESOLA OLADEJO KOLAWOLE , OLATUNDE ADEKUNLE NURUDEEN , DARE ADETAN , RAHAMAN ABU , TAOFIK ORIOLOWO KOLAWOLE
Published: May 2021

Complex mathematical problems have been solved with the aid of software application to obtain reliable results. The positional kinematic analysis of a slider crank mechanism involves computation of the motion parameters: linear displacement, velocity and acceleration of the slider; and angular velocity and angular acceleration of the connecting rod for every 300 variation of the crank angle. This study aimed to develop a customized software which can be used to efficiently analyse a given design of a four-bar and a slider-crank mechanisms. A program was written using VB (Visual Basic) programming language for the equations of angular velocities and angular acceleration of the coupler and follower for the four-bar linkage and the linear velocity and acceleration of the piston for the slider crank mechanism. The program was tested with different parameters for the mechanisms and the solutions compared with the results from manual calculations. The findings revealed that there were no differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the results using the program and manual calculations, which imply the accuracy of the program. It can be concluded that the program could be used to solve problems of four- bar linkage and slider-crank mechanisms.
MODEL IDENTIFICATION AND LEVEL CONTROL OF COUPLED TANKS SYSTEM
Authors: AYODEJI OKUBANJO , ALEXANDER OKANDEJI , PETER ALAO , OLAWALE OLALUWOYE , FRANK ONAIFO , OLAYEMI MUFUTAU
Published: May 2021

The Couple Tank (CT) system remains as a benchmark to investigate and test new emerging control schemes in the process industry since its dynamic emulates many factual system in the field of process control. In this paper, we examine the performance evaluation of two control algorithms, proportional derivative controller (PD) and proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID). The dynamics of the CT system is experimentally derived by system identification method and validated with a mathematical model that depicts the dynamic behaviour of the coupled tank system. Furthermore, the control schemes are expanded on the model obtained through system identification method. The simulation results showed that the PD controller did not meet all the specified control objectives. To improve the response an integral controller was incorporated to the PD controller and the response was compared to that of the PID controller and uncompensated system. The results revealed that the PID controller satisfied all the control goals. However, the PD controller was more satisfactory in terms of time response criteria.
PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD AND NON-WOOD PLASTER OF PARIS BONDED COMPOSITE CEILING BOARDS
Authors: OMONIYI TEMIDAYO EMMANUEL , AJOBIEWE KAYODE AYODELE
Published: May 2021

The effects of wood and non-wood fibres reinforcement on the properties of Plaster of Paris were evaluated. The woody and non woody residues were varied in 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 % of the whole mix while the Plaster of Paris used was in the ratio 100 (control), 90, 80, 70, 60, and 50 %. The mean density of the composite produced is 3250 kg/m3. The mean thickness swelling and water absorption after 2 and 24 hours were 0.84 % and 0.88 %, and 13.8 % and 16.2 % respectively. The MOR and MOE increased with increase in fibre content hence the composite is suitable for indoor applications.
TECHNO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF TRANSFORMING SORGHUM BAGASSE INTO BIOETHANOL FUEL IN NIGERIA: 1 - PROCESS MODELLING, SIMULATION, AND COST ESTIMATION
Authors: OYENIKE AJAYI OLUFUNMILOLA , RASHEED ONIFADE KOLAWOLE , ABIODUN ONADEJI , TOYESE OYEGOKE
Published: May 2021

Apart from the environmental threats posed by fossil fuel due to emissions of greenhouse gases (majorly CO2), Nigeria's economy's continuous reliance on only one source of fuel production is unsustainable, hence, the need to consider diversification and alternative sources of energy generation and fuel production. This work aims to model and simulate the process of transforming sorghum bagasse into a fuel grade bioethanol via the use of Aspen HYSYS and MATLAB for the development and evaluation of cost implications and demand of the concerned plant studied. The study of process plant models shows that 189 g of fuel grade bioethanol will be obtainable from a kilogram of sorghum bagasse based on the condition employed in the modeling of the process. Cost analysis indicates that it would require a capital and operation cost worth of $1.92 and $ 0.83, respectively, to produce a liter of fuel grade bioethanol from sorghum bagasse.
FOAM GLASS GRAVEL MADE OF RECYCLED GLASS WASTE AND SILICON CARBIDE BY MICROWAVE HEATING
Authors: PAUNESCU LUCIAN , DRAGOESCU MARIUS FLORIN , AXINTE SORIN MIRCEA
Published: May 2021

The paper presents recent achievements in the microwave use for manufacturing foam glass gravel from recycled glass waste and silicon carbide. The aim was to obtain a product with physical and mechanical characteristics almost similar to those of industrially manufactured materials by conventional heating techniques, but with a higher energy efficiency. A foam glass with the thermal conductivity of 0.075 W/m·K and the compressive strength of 7.5 MPa was experimentally obtained. The specific energy consumption was of 1.0 kWh/kg comparable with the industrial processes and it could reach values up to 25% lower by using a high power industrial microwave equipment.
SYNTHESIS AND INFRARED STUDY OF SOME PHENYLPHOSPHONATE, DIPHENYLPHOSPHINATE AND ACETATOPHOSPHONATE NEW ORGANOTIN (IV) DERIVATIVES AND ADDUCTS
Authors: SARR MODOU , DIASSE-SARR AMINATA , DIOP LIBASSE
Published: May 2021

Three organotin (IV) derivatives PhPO3HSnBu2Cl, SnBu2Ph2PO2Cl×3/2H2O, Sn(PhPO3)Cl2×2H2O obtained on allowing PhPO3H2 or propylammonium PhPO3H to react with SnBu2Cl2, SnCl2×2H2O and two adducts [(C6H5CH2)2NH2]3O2C(CH2)2PO3×3SnPh3Cl, [CyNH3(HO2POCH2-N(CH2CO2H)2]2×3SnCl4.2H2O×NH4Cl obtained on allowing (C6H5CH2)NH2)3O2C(CH2)2PO3 or [CyNH3(HO2POCH2-N(CH2 CO2H)2]2 and SnPh3Cl or SnCl2×2H2O to react in ethanolic media have been characterized by elemental analyses, infrared and Mossbauer techniques. The suggested structures, while considering the anionic counterpart, are discrete, dimeric, double and triple metallic components or of infinite chain types, the anion behaving as a monochelating, a bichelating or a bidentate ligand. In OH containing structures, when extra hydrogen bonds are considered, supramolecular architectures may be obtained.
WELCOMING THE SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY IN GHANA: CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS – A CASE STUDY
Authors: ADOM-BAMFI GIDEON , OPOKU DANIEL , KOMMEY BENJAMIN
Published: May 2021

The Semiconductor Industry is one industry that has been driving technological innovations for decades since its birth in the USA. Semiconductors form the building blocks of a wide array of consumer, medical and industrial electronics. The growth of many economies in the world can be attributed to the growth in the semiconductor industry in such countries. The global semiconductor industry consists of companies in the USA, South Korea, Taiwan, China, and the European Union. However, the semiconductor industry has no presence in the African region, in Ghana to be specific. This work investigates some challenges associated with the establishment of the semiconductor industry in Ghana, including challenges from basic research and development to manufacturing and marketing. The paper also highlights some recommendations which are key in laying the foundation for the entry of the industry in Ghana, including the provision of tax incentives, training of personnel, etc.
OPTIMUM PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODIESEL FROM MICROCYSTIS AERUGINOSA ALGAE
Authors: OLUFEMI BABATOPE , SULAIMON SALEEM , ARIKAWE ADEWALE
Published: May 2021

This work examined the optimum production and characterization of biodiesel from Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa). Optimization with Minitab software was used to design the experiment using Central Composite Design (CCD). The found optimum values of the solvent to biomass ratio, extraction temperature and time were 6.5:1, 60 oC and 144 minutes respectively. Validation of the optimum conditions for the lipids extracted was done to produce biodiesel. The average yield of the algal oil was found to be 26.7 %. The extracted algal oil was subjected to chemical transesterification using ethanolic-NaOH as catalyst and the biodiesel yield was 89.76 %. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) carried out on the produced biodiesel showed strong intensity of –C=O ester bond. Other characterizations done confirmed commendable suitability with conventional diesel properties.
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF GLOBE VALVE USING CLASSICAL TECHNIQUES
Authors: OLUGBENGA ABORISADE DAVID , OLAJIDE OKELOLA MUNIRU , ADESOLA ADEWUYI PHILIP
Published: May 2021

The importance of globe valve in fluid handling and control cannot be overemphasized. It is useful in oil and gas applications. If globe valve is not properly modelled, its primary purpose of regulation of fluid flow may be defeated. In this work, model of globe valve is developed from basic mechanical principles.  The resulting model is a second order system whose response to a step input signal gives no overshoot. Further stability analysis with bode plot, Nyquist plot and root locus plot give a stable system indicating that the developed globe valve model is suitable for relevant areas of application.
Bazı Karayosunu Türlerinin İn Vitro Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: BENEK Atakan , ŞENTURAN Merve , ŞİMŞEK Özcan , CANLI Kerem , ALTUNER Ergin Murat
Published: May 2021

Karayosunlarının hastalıklara karşı etkisi olduğu çok uzun yıllardan beri bilinmektedir ve yaraların tedavi edilmesi ve enfeksiyonlar ile mücadele gibi alanlarda etkin olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada Plagiomnium elatum, Rhynchostegium megapolitanum, Tortella fasciculata ve Tortella tortuosa karayosunu örneklerinin etil alkol ekstraktları disk difüzyon yöntemi kullanılarak, 8 gram pozitif, 9 gram negatif bakteri ve 1 maya olmak üzere, toplam 18 mikroorganizma üzerinde test edilerek antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Disk difüzyon testi sonucunda tüm karayosunu örneklerinin birkaç mikroorganizmaya karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğu ve özellikle gram pozitif olan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 ve gram negatif olan Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 üzerinde belirgin bir antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
İlhanlı Döneminden Bir Kaya Oyma Yapısı: Sultaniye Taşkesen
Authors: DENKNALBANT ÇOBANOĞLU Ayşe
Published: May 2021

İran’da Zencan bölgesinde, Sultaniye şehrinin merkezine 15 km. uzaklıkta yer alan Taşkesen (Daşkesen), Sefid Dağı’na ve aşağıdaki düzlüklere doğru bakan bir tepenin yamacındaki kayalık alanda inşa edilmiştir. Kayaya oyularak inşa edilmiş yapının anıtsal bir görünüme sahip olduğu; kare planlı bir avlu ve dikdörtgen planlı bir bölümden oluştuğu, yan duvarlarında eyvanlar ve mukarnas kavsaralı nişler bulunduğu görülmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra doğu, batı ve güney duvarlarda yer alan nişlerde mukarnaslı düzenlemeler, iri ve kabarık palmetlerden ve lotuslardan oluşan süslemeler yer almaktadır. Yapıda dikkati çeken unsurlardan bir diğeri doğu ve batı duvarlarda yer alan büyük ejder kabartmalarıdır. Çin üslubunda olduğu görülen ejder kabartmalarının, Taht-ı Süleyman’da bulunan çinilerdeki ejder betimleriyle benzer olması da ilginçtir. Yapıda 1970’li yıllardan itibaren bazı araştırmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. 1990’lı yıllara kadar yapının zemini muhtemelen duvarlardan düşen kaya parçaları ve toprak ile örtülü kalmış, sonrasındaki temizleme çalışmalarında ise, günümüzde yapıya ulaşan yol üzerinde görülebilen sütun başlıkları, sütun parçaları gibi mimari parçalar da tespit edilmiştir. Taşkesen’deki bu örnekten başka, Meraga yakınlarında Rasathane Mağaraları ve İmamzade Masum Mağarası olarak adlandırılan iki örnek daha, kayaya oyularak meydana getirilmeleri bakımından karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Özellikle İmamzade Masum’un bir bölümünün, İslami döneme ait bir türbe barındırması, öncesinde başka işlev ve amaçlar için yapılmış yapının İlhanlılar’ın İslamiyeti kabulünden sonra bu işlevi kazanmış olması yönünde değerlendirilmektedir. Taşkesen’deki yapının tarihi ve işlevi konusunda görüşler ileri sürmek mümkündür. Özellikle XIII. ve XIV. yüzyıllarda bölgede hâkim olan Moğol yönetiminin çeşitli kültürler ve dinler arasındaki fikir ve uygulamaların etkileşiminde rol oynadıkları görülmektedir. Taşkesen’in bulunduğu bölgede İlhanlıların ve bahşilerin katıldığı Budist ayinlerin yapıldığı ve Taşkesen’deki yapının, kaynaklarda bahsedilen yer olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Sultaniye Taşkesen örneği mimari olarak Meraga örneklerinden farklı ve anıtsal özelliklerdedir. Yapıdaki mukarnaslı düzenlemeler ve bitkisel süslemeler ise yapının İlhanlıların İslami dönemiyle ilgili izler olarak görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda, bazı tespitler yapılmış olan Taşkesen örneği özelinde, mimari ve süsleme özeliklerinin tanıtılması ve değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca, İlhanlı yöneticiler, dinlere bakışları ve yöneticilerin mensup oldukları dinlere bağlı olarak gelişen imar faaliyetleri de yapının tarihi ve işlevi ile ilgili değerlendirilmiştir.
Non-Ferrous Metal Sorbents Based on Waste and Side Products of Mineral Benefication Plants
Authors: MINENKO Vladimir , DENISOVA Julia , SAMUSEV Andrey , MAKAROV Dmitry
Published: May 2021

The saponite-containing product from the stage of process water clearing at benefication plant of the PAO Severalmaz was thickenedusing the electrochemical separation for use as sorbent of nickel and copper ions. The product features a high sorption capacityrelatively the nickel and copper ions. It has been established that the sorption capacity can be enhanced by roasting the product at750°С to 194 and 212 mg/g for the nickel and copper ions respectively.An organomineral sorbent for nickel ions based on copper-nickel ore tailings of the JSC „The Kolskaya Mining and MetallurgicalCompany”, thermally activated at 700ºС, has been synthesized. The surface modification was performed by using the non-covalentimmobilization of dimethylglyoxime.
Study of Mechanisms Used by Algae to Decrease The Silver Toxicity in Aquatic Environment
Authors: SEDLÁKOVÁ-KADUKOVÁ Jana , PRISTAŠ Peter
Published: May 2021

In the study SEM, EDS, TEM and UV-vis analysis were used to investigate the biosorption, bioaccumulation and bioprecipitation/bioreduction of silver by freshwater green alga Parachlorella kessleri and to shed light on the reasons of biological silver nanoparticleproduction. When dead biomass of P. kessleri was used for silver removal, majority of silver (75%) was removed within2 min. Biosorption was probably the main mechanisms responsible for Ag+ ions removal from aqueous solutions. However, whenbehaviour of living biomass in the presence of silver ions was studied, the decrease of silver concentration was slower (68% within24 hours) with subsequent increase of silver concentration in the solution and extracellular formation of silver nanoparticles. Theformed AgNPs exhibited a lower toxicity against tested organisms. Algal cells probably used the formation of nanoparticles combinedwith rapid biosorption as detoxification mechanisms against silver toxicity. Bioaccumulation inside the cells played only aminor role in the detoxification process.
Safety of Infrastructure Operation in New Climate Conditions
Authors: KROČOVÁ Šárka
Published: May 2021

The reliability of infrastructure buildings is a basic prerequisite for utility values of built-up in towns and municipalities areas. Itcreates the prerequisites for the long-term sustainability of the housing stocks of humans and, at the same time, is a condition forthe region industrial base development. This reality is perceived by the public as an obvious standard which is a part of human life.However in the reality this is a very complex mechanism that can be severely disturbed in various conditions and situations. Toprevent these situations from happening in practice it is imperative that state, government and different infrastructure types knowthe security risks that have a potential to change natural and operational environment and are ready to eliminate them.The following article deals with these issues, how to recognize the threat of an imminent emergency or critical situations and whichresources are needed to increase the infrastructure reliability.
Biocidal and bioresorbable chitosan/triclosan/collagen matrixes
Authors: Villanueva-Ornelas GE , Núñez-Anita RE , Arenas-Arrocena MC , Luévano-Colmenero GH
Published: May 2021

Biomedical application of biomaterials has increased in recent years. Some preferred characteristics of these materials are biocompatibility, biodegradability and antimicrobial effect. We are facing a constant search for antimicrobial materials to be used instead of antibiotics therapy to reduce the possibility of dental surgery contamination. In this study, biocidal, bioresorbable and non-toxic matrixes were synthesized from chitosan, triclosan and collagen. Three experimental groups received different chitosan/collagen combinations, (0.5:1, 0.75:1 and 1:1), all with the same dose of triclosan (0.1%). Antimicrobial effect was measured by the inhibition of S. aureus growth. Moreover, matrixes were placed in a PBS-collagenase solution to measure degradation over time; matrix residues were evaluated at 1, 4, and 7 days. Finally, cell toxicity of each matrix was analyzed on NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells. As a result, inhibition of S. aureus growth was similar in the three established experimental groups of matrixes vs vancomycin antibiotic as control. These data suggest potent antimicrobial effect of chitosan/triclosan/collagen matrixes. Degradation over time showed that 80% of the matrix was degraded after 4 days, thus suggesting that chitosan/triclosan/collagen matrixes are bioresorbable material. On the other hand, viability of NIH-3T3 cells was between 60% to 74% after 24 h and prior to matrix exposition to culture cells. These data indicate light toxicity in the 0.5:1 and 0.75:1 matrix groups and non-toxic effect in the 1:1 matrix group. By taking together these data, we propose the application of chitosan/triclosan/collagen matrixes to prevent bacterial contamination after dental surgery.
The research work of primary schoolchildren as an element of the mechanism of their interaction within the educational cluster
Authors: Shilkunova Zoya
Published: May 2021

University-School clusters: Best practices and the prospects for their adaptation to Ukrainian context : the XVIII International Scientific and Practical Conference (14-th Febuary 2020, Kharkiv Univ. of Humanities “People’s Ukrainian Acad”.
The task of determining the place and role of primary school within the framework of the functioning of the scientific and educational cluster is actualized in the work.
The main purpose of existence of a scientific and educational cluster, which is the conditions conducive to the formation of an educational institution as a school of experience and development, a space for free decision making, problem solving, manifestation of initiative and development of independence, a school in which the ways of handling knowledge, finding it, its selection, application and endowment with personal meanings are taught; in which there is a formation of a person with a value-based attitude to the process of self-development is revealed.
A connection between the research activities of the educational process subjects and the synergistic action of development resources in the educational cluster is established.
The research work of younger schoolchildren is considered as an element of the mechanism of interaction within the educational cluster.
The scheme of the organization of research work of primary schoolchildren in the scientific and educational cluster, that KSU "NUA" is, consisting of four components is presented:
A training system aimed at becoming a subject of educational activity;
“Researcher's Day” – implementation of STEM – STEAM – STREAM – education ideas;
“Start into science” – the defense of research papers prepared during the academic year at the scientific-practical conference of primary schoolchildren;
“Smart meetings” – meetings with scientists, practitioners, organized at the intellectual request of younger students.
It is concluded that the organization of research work of primary schoolchildren within the framework of the functioning of the scientific and educational cluster of NUA provides a unique developing effect for students.
Leisure pedagogy – the key to develop professional competences
Authors: Denysenko A. , Mkrtichian O. , Biletska S. , Kovtun A.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with issues related to the definition of professional and leisure competencies, the need to create a leisure environment in a higher education institution as an important factor in the formation of professional competencies of future educators.

The content and methods, essence and technologies, functions and role of leisure activities for self-realization of personality research of scientists (I. Biletska, I. Boichev, V. Bochelyuk, N. Huziy, N. Maksimvska, B. Naboka, I. Petrova, I. Sidor, O. Tadeusz, B. Titov) are described in the article.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the peculiarities of the organization of leisure activities in a higher pedagogical institution, the result of which is the successful socialization of the student's personality and the formation of leisure competence in future teachers.

Professional leisure competence of the teacher is a specific professional and personal education, which provides productive pedagogical activity in the field of cultural and educational leisure and recreation, promotes the successful realization of educational tasks, allows effective use of artistic and creative forms and specific methods of teaching and upbringing in pedagogically organized leisure and form a certain integrated professional competence system of teacher who organizes cultural and leisure activities and recreation; and also ensure that future professionals are prepared for successful cultural and educational activities.

Thus, the social state of society, the task of building a democratic state and the civil society creation encourage the educational process to be improved.

Vocational training for future educators has potential reserves for a more effective formation of readiness to organize leisure activities. Further research may be aimed at identifying the features of the professional leisure competences’ formation in future educators, in accordance with requirements of new generation standards, which take into account the harmonization of specialist training’s content in the context of European integration and current trends in labor market.
Development of Mathematics Teaching Materials Based on Metacognition Approaches to Improve Students' Mathematical Reasoning Ability
Authors: Yanti Silvia , Fauzi Amin , Mulyono Mulyono
Published: May 2021

This study aims to describe: (1) the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the teaching materials developed based on expert validators. practitioners, as well as based on the implementation of teaching materials; 2) To describe the improvement of students' mathematical reasoning abilities by using teaching materials with a metacognition approach; This research is a development research conducted in two stages, namely the first stage of developing learning tools through the metacognition approach using the Dick & Carey development model and the second stage of testing teaching materials based on the metacognition approach developed in classes VIII-1 and VIII-4 MTs Hifzhil Qur. 'an Medan. (1) the developed teaching materials meet the valid and effective criteria based on the expert validator and practitioner assessment; and effective based on classical completeness, student responses, and the ability of teachers to manage learning; (2) in the first trial there was an increase in mathematical reasoning abilities using the teaching materials developed in the low category, namely 0.24 and in the second trial there was an increase in mathematical reasoning abilities using the teaching materials developed in the medium category, which was 0.52.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa SMA dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Materi Matriks
Authors: Mareta Alifiana , Sa'dijah Cholis , Chandra Tjang Daniel
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik kesalahan siswa dalam menyesaikan soal cerita materi matriks sehingga dapat dilakukan tindakan yang tepat agar kesalahan yang sama tidak terjadi lagi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif karena bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Pada 24 Maret 2021 sebanyak 36 siswa dari kelas XI IPA 6 di SMAN 1 Sampang terlibat dalam penelitian ini, namun dipilih 2 siswa yang akan dianalisis mendalam berdasarkan banyaknya kesalahanan yang dilakukan dalam menyelesaikan instrumen pelacak. Analisis kesalahan dilakukan  berdasarkan 1 soal cerita materi matriks. Siswa 1 dan Siswa 2 melakukan kesalahan dalam tiga tahapan, yakni dalam memahami masalah, kesalahan dalam merencanakan penyelesaian masalah dan kesalahan dalam melaksanakan penyelesaian masalah. Berdasarkan dari penelitian tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa siswa yang memiliki banyak kesalahpahaman dalam materi prasyarat akan lebih sering melakukan kesalahan dalam tahapan penyelesaian masalah soal cerita.
Profil Pemecahan Masalah Nilai Ekstrim Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gender
Authors: Oemolos Sefni , Mampouw Helti Lygia
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil pemecahan masalah yang berkaitan dengan nilai ektrim ditinjau dari perbedaan gender pada siswa kelas XII MIPA 2 SMA Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga. Profil pemecahan masalah yang dianalisis berdasarkan tahapan Polya. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan subjek menggunakan purposive sampling diperoleh 6 subjek dengan kategori berkemampuan matematika ditinjau dari perbedaan gender maka siswa dengan kategori kemampuan matematika tinggi pada gender laki-laki yang melewati semua tahapan Polya dengan tepat, baik itu tahap memahami masalah, menyusun rencana pemecahan masalah, melaksanakan rencana pemecahan masalah dan memeriksa kembali. Sedangkan siswa pada gender perempuan mengalami kesalahan pada tahap menyusun rencana pemecahan masalah, melaksanakan rencana pemecahan masalah dan memeriksa kembali. Siswa dengan kemampuan matematika sedang dan rendah baik dari gender laki-laki dan perempuan masih mengalami kesalahan pada tahap menyusun rencana pemecahan masalah, melaksanakan rencana pemecahan masalah dan memeriksa kembali.
Coming Soon to a Neighborhood Near You? Off-Campus Recruiting by Public Research Universities
Authors: Salazar Karina G. , Jaquette Ozan , Han Crystal
Published: May 2021

Scholarship on college choice largely focuses on how students search for colleges but less is known about how colleges recruit students. This article analyzes off-campus recruiting visits for 15 public research universities. We Web-scrape university admissions websites and issue public records requests to collect data on recruiting visits. Analyses explore the similarities and differences in off-campus recruiting patterns across universities in the study. Results reveal socioeconomic, racial, and geographic disparities in recruiting patterns. In particular, most universities made more out-of-state than in-state visits, and out-of-state visits systematically targeted affluent, predominantly White localities. We recommend that future research should exploit new data collection methodologies to develop a systematic literature on marketing and recruiting practices in higher education.
Transient cortical blindness during coronary and aortocoronary bypass graft angiography
Authors: Bonfim Alexandre , Souza Ronald , Beraldo Daniel , viotti Carlos , Vieira Paulo
Published: May 2021

The prevalence of cerebrovascular complications after cardiac catheterization is low. These include stroke, transient ischemic attack, and amaurosis fugax. Cortical blindness is a rare, bilateral clinical condition of largely ischemic etiology, characterized by damage to the cerebral cortex, which manifests with acute reduction of visual acuity. Usually, neuro-ophthalmic complications of cardiac catheterization are correlated with embolic phenomena or migraine. We report a case of transient cortical blindness during coronary and aortocoronary bypass graft angiography.
Unified Coding of Spectral and Temporal Phonetic Cues: Electrophysiological Evidence for Abstract Phonological Features
Authors: Monahan Philip J. , Schertz Jessamyn , Fu Zhanao , Pérez Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Spoken word recognition models and phonological theory propose that abstract features play a central role in speech processing. It remains unknown, however, whether auditory cortex encodes linguistic features in a manner beyond the phonetic properties of the speech sounds themselves. We took advantage of the fact that English phonology functionally codes stops and fricatives as voiced or voiceless with two distinct phonetic cues: Fricatives use a spectral cue, while stops use a temporal cue. Evidence that these cues can be grouped together would indicate the disjunctive coding of distinct phonetic cues into a functionally defined abstract phonological feature. In English, the voicing feature, which distinguishes the consonants [s] and [t] from [z] and [d], respectively, is hypothesized to be specified only for voiceless consonants (e.g., [s t]). Here, participants listened to syllables in a many-to-one oddball design, while their EEG was recorded. In one block, both voiceless stops and fricatives were the standards. In the other block, both voiced stops and fricatives were the standards. A critical design element was the presence of inter-category variation within the standards. Therefore, a many-to-one relationship, which is necessary to elicit a mismatch negativity (MMN), existed only if the stop and fricative standards were grouped together. In addition to the event-related potentials, event-related spectral power was also analyzed. Results showed an MMN effect in the voiceless standards block—an asymmetric MMN—in a time-window consistent with processing in auditory cortex, as well as increased pre-stimulus beta-band oscillatory power to voiceless standards. These findings suggest that (i) there is an auditory memory trace of the standards based on the shared [voiceless] feature, which is only functionally defined, (ii) voiced consonants are underspecified and, (iii) features can serve as a basis for predictive processing. Taken together, these results point toward auditory cortex’s ability to functionally code distinct phonetic cues together and suggest that abstract features can be used to parse the continuous acoustic signal.
UKRN Position on Responsible Research Evaluation
Authors: Group UKRN Steering
Published: May 2021

UKRN position statement on responsible research evaluation. Written by the UKRN Steering Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA).
MAKALAH PENGARUH MODERANISASI DARI SEJARAH EROPA
Authors: MAWADDAH SITI
Published: May 2021

Modernisasi merupakan proses menuju masyarakat yang modern, dalam prosesnya melibatkan perubahan masyarakat tradisional menuju masyarakat yang modern. Modernisasi ditandai dengan adanya perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan yang terdiri dari teori, praktik, prosedur, peralatan dan teknik yang digunakan hal ini disebut teknologi. Adanya modernisasi dapat mempengaruhi pergaulan bebas baik di perkotaan maupun perkotaan, Disamping hal tersebut modernisasi juga sangat membantu masyarakat dalam menjalani aktivitasnya karena adanya perkembangan teknologi industri yang sudah modern dan sudah berkembang pesat memudahkan masyarakat untuk mengakses informasi dan menggunakan teknologi dengan mudah. Dari latar belakang tersebut penulis dalam menyusun makalah ini mengangkat tematentang modernisasi agar para pembaca dalam menghadapi modernisasi dapat menyikapi secara bijak dan dapat bertambah wawasannya mengenai sejarah perkembangan modernisasi yang berkaitan erat dengan sejarah eropa.Dari hal tersebut penulis sangat tertarik mengangkat makalah yang “Pengaruh Modernisasi dari Sejarah Eropa” yang dikaitkan dengan karya ilmiah berupa buku dari Dr. Mohammad Zaenal Arifin Anis, M.Hum. dkk yang berjudul DARI DISTRIK KE KOTA KECAMATAN Menyusuri Jejak Kota Satui Dalam Lintasan Sejarah yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2013 yang memiliki 136 halaman yang pembahasannya lebih dikhususkan pada BAB II tentang Rujukan dan Teori-Teori Sejarah Perkotaan pada halaman 11-49.
Education and training policies for research integrity: Insights from a focus group study
Authors: Labib Krishma , Evans Natalie , Roje Rea , Kavouras Panagiotis , Elizondo Andrea Reyes , Kaltenbrunner Wolfgang , Buljan Ivan , Ravn Tine , Widdershoven Guy , Bouter Lex , Charitidis Costas A. , Sørensen Mads P. , Tijdink Joeri K.
Published: May 2021

Education is important for fostering research integrity (RI). Although RI training is increasingly provided, there is little knowledge on how research stakeholders view institutional RI education and training policies. Following a constructivist approach, we present insights about research stakeholders’ views and experiences regarding how research institutions can develop and implement RI education and training policies. We conducted thirty focus groups, engaging 147 participants in eight European countries. Using a mixed deductive-inductive thematic analysis, we identified five themes: (1) RI education should be available to all; (2) education and training approaches and goals should be tailored; (3) motivating trainees is essential; (4) both formal and informal educational formats are necessary; and (5) institutions should take into account various individual, institutional, and system-of-science factors when implementing RI education. Our findings suggest that institutions should make RI education attractive for all and tailor training to disciplinary-specific contexts.
The Care Burden During COVID-19: A National Database of Child Care Closures in the United States
Authors: Lee Emma , Parolin Zachary
Published: May 2021

Access to child care centers reduces the care burden of parents, promotes child development, and creates employment opportunities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, however, many child care centers closed due to capacity restrictions and declining demand for in-person care. This study uses anonymized and aggregated mobile phone data to track year-over-year changes in visits to child care centers across most counties in the U.S. during each month of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings reveal that two-thirds of child care centers closed in April 2020, while one-third remained closed in April 2021. Moreover, we find that non-White families are more likely to be exposed to child care closures than White families. Our findings point to widening inequalities in access to child care and potential inequalities in the pace of labor market recovery after the pandemic subsides. We make our monthly-updated database on child care closures publicly available for use in future research.
Complete Relativity: Nature of observables
Authors: Ljubičić Mario
Published: May 2021

A complete relativity in all phenomena, with relative scale invariance in physical laws, is postulated and discussed.Postulates are followed with definitions of new terms which may be used in the current and follow-up papers written in the context of the theory. In order to conform to this physics, a redefinition and generalization of some terms and factors already in use have also been presented.This is followed by hypotheses on nature and mechanics of natural phenomena, based on the postulates of the theory, along with suggestions on the formulation of scale invariant physics.In conclusion, the theory suggests that everything must be completely relative in order to exist and everything must evolve in order to conserve this relativity.
UKRN Position on COVID-19 Research
Authors: Group UKRN Steering
Published: May 2021

UKRN position statement on COVID-19 research. Written by the UKRN Steering Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA).
Fishes from the Baynunah Formation
Authors: Otero Olga
Published: May 2021

At least ten different fish species were present in the Baynunah River during the late Miocene: one Bagrus, two (possibly three) Clarias, three cyprinids including one Labeobarbus and one probable Capoeta, at least one African cichlid fish, an indeterminate percomorph, a pristid sawfish and a dasyatid stingray. The available material is described in detail, with taxonomic attributions made as precisely as possible within a phylogenetic framework, and used to evaluate species diversity and reconstruct the probable ecology of the fishes and their aquatic environment. The paleobiogeographical implications of the presence on the Arabian plate of each taxon are discussed. A model is proposed to explain the various geographical affinities existing in the Baynunah Formation during the late Miocene and the Neogene evolution of the Arabian ichthyofauna. The Baynunah Formation appears to document the Neogene transition of the Arabian Peninsula from an African, more precisely an Afro-Arabian, biogeographic zone to a Eurasian one. This is consistent with and further supports the previous model proposed for the late Miocene Baynunah hydrographical system.