bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microplastics Monitoring in Environmental Matrices of an Alpine River originating from Hindu Kush Mountain Range
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Qadir Abdul , Yaqub Atif , Irfan Muhammad , Aslam Mehmood , Ullah Rehan
Published: May 2021

Microplastics (MPs) are cosmopolitan in distribution and an emerging threat to life and the environment. These particles are not restricted to human-inhabited lands but also found in different mountains and glaciers where the human population is relatively low. These MPs make their way to the river ecosystem from glaciers, rains, and municipal and industrial effluents. The current study was designed to highlight MPs' pollution in water, sediments, and fishes of the Swat River: originating from the Hindu Kush Mountain Range. These samples were collected from eight different sites across the river. The average MPs concentrations were 305.79 ± 289.66 MPs/m 3, 588.29 ± 253.95 MPs/kg, and 12.54 ± 8.02 MPs/individual the water, sediments, and fish samples, respectively. The highest MPs concentrations (753.71 ± 330.08 MPs/m 3 ) in water were recorded near Mingora City, whereas MPs concentrations (834.0 ± 367.21 MPs/kg) were the highest on the same site. Among the selected fish species, the highest number of MPs was observed in Shizothorax plagiostomus. In contrast, the lowest in Wallago attu being 17.08 ± 8.27 Among the selected fish species, the highest number of MPs was observed in Shizothorax plagiostomus, whereas the lowest in Wallago attu being 17.08 ± 8.27 MPs/individual and 5.0 ± 2.36 MPs/individual, respectively. Fibres were the most prevalent MPs in all the matrices representing 80%, 92%, and 85% of the total MPs count in water, sediments, and fish samples. These findings highlighted that the high concentration of MPs prevailing in the river originating from high-altitude freshwater sources and awareness, education, ecotourism, sustainable reduction in plastic use, and strict rules and regulations could be helpful to prevent the anthropogenic menace.
Decision Making Power Over Reproductive Health Service Utilization And Associated Factors Among Married Women In Dupa Town And Surrounding Rural Kebeles, Illuababora Zone, South West Ethiopia,2020.
Authors: Rundasa Dessalegn Nigatu , ZB Zerihun Bayabil , TF tarekegn fekede
Published: May 2021

Background: Decision making power of women is one of the essential factors which have influence on maternal health service utilizations. Women’s lack of decision over reproductive health service utilization affects their protection from unwanted child bearing, unsafe sex and their consequences. Objective፡ Assess decision-making power on RH-service utilization and its associated factors among married women in Illubabor zone, South West Ethiopia, 2018.Methods: Community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July, 2018 among 584(urban 292 and rural 292) married women of reproductive age group. The data were entered into EPI data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 computer software for analysis. Both Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used. Level of significance was declared at a p value of <0.05Results: A total of 288 in urban and 288 in rural married women were interviewed and yields a response rate of 98.6% both in urban and rural. Decision-making power in urban and rural was 55.2% [95% CI (52.7-64.6)] and 40.3% [95% CI (39.9-52.5)] respectively. In urban, being wives of government employed spouses [AOR 2.102 95% CI (1.16, 3.81)], knowledge on RH [AOR 3.33, 95% CI (1.20, 12.49)], above five years in marriage [AOR 1.91, 95% CI (1.19, 7.70)], were found to be predictors of women’s decision-making power.Conclusion and recommendation: Urban women had better power to make decisions than rural on reproductive health service utilization. The study revealed that in urban settings those women who had marriage duration five and more than five years, being wives of government employed spouses had more likely decision making power on reproductive health utilization but not in rural settings. Reproductive health interventions in the area should be promoted by considering empowering of married women on reproductive health service utilization.Article summary:Strength: the study was representative for urban and rural women on reproductive health service utilization.Limitation: the study is not without limitation.it has all limitation of cross-sectional studyIntroduction
Amount of Recurrence Following Surgical Repair of Non-syndromic Craniosynostosis at Single Center
Authors: Baykal Duygu , Balçın Rabia Nur , Taskapilioglu M Ozgur
Published: May 2021

Background: Craniosynostosis is a deformity of the skull that occurs as a result of early fusion of one or more cranial sutures and can be accompanied by neurological deficits. Craniosynostosis can be classified as syndromic or non-syndromic according to the type of suture involved. Surgical treatment of craniosynostosis in infants basically involves loosening and opening the fused sutures to reduce intracranial pressure, allow the brain to grow, and also fix the skull shape. However, in such cases there is a risk of re-synostosis after surgery. According to the literature, re-synostosis rates vary between 0% and 70%. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the re-operation rate in craniosynostosis cases treated surgically in our clinic.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 70 non-syndromic craniosynostosis cases treated surgically in the Neurosurgery Department of Bursa Uludag University from 2005–2019 was performed. All patients had undergone total cranial vault remodeling surgically and had been followed up for at least a year.Results: The study group included 70 patients, comprising 40 (57.1%) male and 30 (42.9%) female patients. The mean age of the group was 10.9 ± 7.8 months (range 3–34 months). Out of 70 patients, repeat surgery due to re-synostosis had been performed once in 5 (7.1%) patients and twice in 1 (1.4%) patient.Conclusion: Early identification and prompt referral play a very significant role in the management of patients with craniosynostosis. Further studies based on a larger sample size are recommended for more quantitative data and better results.
Global Burden and Attributable Risk Factors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in 204 Countries and Territories from 1990-2019: Estimation Based on Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Hu Yuefen , Zhang Xiuping , Zhang Aijun , Hou Yu , Liu Yang , Li Qizhao , Wang Yawen , Yu Yafei , Hou Ming , Peng Jun , Yang Xiaorong , Xu Shuqian
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To provide a foundational guideline for policy-makers to efficiently allocate medical resources in the context of population aging and growth, a latest spatial distribution and temporal trend of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) along with attributable risk factors by sex and age were mapped.Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) values to quantify temporal trends in morbidity and mortality of ALL. We used applied Spearman rank correlation to estimate the relationship between the EAPC and potential influence factors. The population attributable fraction of potential risk factors for ALL-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were estimated by the comparative risk assessment framework. Results: We found that new ALL cases increased significantly by 129% worldwide, and the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased by 1.61 percent per year. The proportion of elder patients sharply increased, especially within the higher socio-demographic index (SDI) region. Smoking and high body mass index remained the predominant risk factors for ALL-related mortality. Notably, the contribution of high body mass index presented an increasing trend. Conclusion: The global burden of ALL has steadily increased, especially in middle SDI region. Health measures should be taken into consideration to improve the treatment of elders with ALL due to a great proportion in the higher SDI region. Attention should be paid to the environmental problems caused by industrial development in low SDI areas.
Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum in Acute Care Medicine: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and/or Meta-Analysis
Authors: Byker Leon , Buchanan Brian , Slemko Jocelyn , Ma Irene , Weacher Jason , Featherstone Robin , Sebastianski Megan , Rewa Oleksa
Published: May 2021

BackgroundBeginning with the guidance of central line insertion, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has evolved into a more inclusive skill set to aid in the examination and management of the acutely ill patient. Published evidence, including original literature and consensus recommendations support an array of applications in the multi-disciplinary arena of acute care medicine. In parallel, we have seen multiple professional societies’ call for more POCUS training in residency. While POCUS has been received with enthusiasm in acute care medicine, there are a number of challenges to ensuring trainees can competently perform POCUS in the acute care environment. There is inconsistent evidence to support optimum practices in curriculum design, implementation, assessment, and evaluation. To help explore this gap, we are conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence regarding POCUS curricula.MethodsWe will search electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Ovid ERIC, Science Citation Index, and Conference Proceedings Citation Index. Further, we will search the ClinicalTrials.gov register, hand search key proceedings and check references from relevant systematic reviews. Title, abstract and full text screening for inclusion of eligible papers will be performed in duplicate, in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Included publications will be evaluated for internal validity using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) scale for educational studies. Data abstraction will be conducted using standardized forms with focus on learner population, number of participants, setting, POCUS application, methods of instruction, duration of intervention, methods of assessment, and program evaluation. Further to this, emphasis will be placed on validity arguments of assessment tools using Kane’s framework. Primary analysis will be qualitative in nature. When possible, homogenous studies will be pooled for quantitative meta-analysis.DiscussionOur systematic review will summarize the current evidence base for POCUS curriculum implementation, evaluation and assessment validity for acute care applications. We anticipate that our review will fill a critical knowledge gap, providing a sound platform for future evidence-based curriculum development.Systematic Review RegistrationOur systematic review was registered with the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) on September 19, 2018 with registration number: CRD42018105973.
Defining Integrated Care Systems Through Patient Data From Referral Networks in the English National Health Service: A Graph-Based Clustering Study.
Authors: Clarke Jonathan M , Beaney Thomas , Majeed Azeem , Darzi Ara , Barahona Mauricio
Published: May 2021

Background Integrated Care Systems (ICSs) are being introduced into the National Health Service (NHS) in England to replace Sustainability and Transformation Partnerships (STPs). They aim to improve care through place-based collaboration between primary, secondary and community providers. It is important that new organisational configurations adequately reflect existing patterns of patient care to minimise disruption resulting from patients crossing between ICSs. Methods All planned outpatient hospital clinic appointments from 1st April 2017 to 31st March 2018 for patients resident in England to NHS hospitals in England were identified from Hospital Episode Statistics. Markov Multiscale Community Detection (MMCD), an unsupervised network clustering technique, was used to identify natural communities of GP practices, hospitals and geographic regions according to patterns of GP practice registration and outpatient clinic referral. Two primary measures of care coverage were calculated; the proportion of patients registered to a GP practice in a different community than they reside, and the proportion of outpatient clinic appointments to hospitals in a different community to the referring GP practice. Results 109,830,647 outpatient clinic appointments were identified for 20,992,695 patients. A configuration of 42 ICSs was identified from MMCD to match the 42 STPs of the current configuration. In the current STP configuration, 534,946 patients (2.6%) were registered to a GP practice in a different STP than their residence, compared to 334,192 (1.6%) in the optimal MMCD configuration. 16,110,267 hospital clinic appointments (14.7%) occurred in a different STP to the referring GP practice, compared to 11,518,735 (10.5%) in the MMCD configuration. Conclusions Millions of hospital appointments annually occur in hospitals outside of the STP of the referring GP practice. Applying MMCD we derive spatially consistent partitions of NHS Trusts and GPs into ICSs that are more representative of existing patient flows while maintaining the intended population size and number of ICSs. The findings of this study should guide policymakers locally and nationally to determine where ICS boundaries may be redrawn and the extent to which such changes would better reflect the current needs of patients.
Approximation Properties of a Certain Modification of Durrmeyer Operators
Authors: Gairola Asha Ram , Singh Karunesh Kumar , Arab Hassan Khosravian , Mishra Vishnu Narayan
Published: May 2021

We study approximation properties of a new operator DM,1 n (f, x) introduced by Acu et al. in [Results Math 74:90, (2019)] for Lebesgue integrable functions in [0,1]. An error estimate by the Bezier variant of the operators DM,1 n (f, x)is also obtained for the functions of bounded variation. By relevant numerical examples, the orders of approximation by the operator DM,1 n (f, x) and the modified-Bernstein-Durrmeyer operator are also compared.
Olfactory Response of the Green Lacewing Chrysoperla Externa to Volatile Organic Compounds of Eucalyptus Urograndis
Authors: Borges David Jackson Vieira , Souza Rafael Aparecido Carvalho , de Oliveira Alberto , de Sousa Raquel Maria Ferreira , Santos Jean Carlos
Published: May 2021

The evaluation of the direct effects of the relationship between plants and predators without considering the participation of herbivores can provide vital information for the study of ecological interactions and integrated pest management. In this context, the present work studied the behavioral responses of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) larvae to the volatile organic compounds of young and mature, undamaged and damaged leaves of Eucalyptus urograndis (Myrtaceae), and investigate the chemical composition of leaf essential oils and their effects on the green lacewing. The responses of the C. externa larvae to the odors emitted by leaves were evaluated by an experimental behavior test using a Y-tube olfactometer. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation of the young and mature leaves with and without damage. The larvae respond attractively to the volatiles emitted without the participation of herbivores, and it selected preferentially odors emitted by young leaves with simulated herbivory. The chemical composition was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. This research identified 32 compounds; some of them had not been identified in other studies. Young leaves had a higher content of essential oil compared to mature leaves. Among the compounds identified, eucalyptol, α-Terpineol, Aromadendrene, and α-Terpinyl acetate are the major compounds. An inversion in the content of eucalyptol (which decreases) and α-terpinyl acetate (which increases) is observed when young and mature leaves are damage. Thus, this work contributed with basic data on the potential use of eucalyptus forests as maintainers of natural chrysopids populations.
IL-18 haplotype GCAGT and IL-18R1 rs3755276 genotype CC combinatively associated with severity of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients
Authors: Chen Dunfan , Chen Baijian , Li Guowei , Wang Haofei
Published: May 2021

Background: IL-18 has been reported as a collaborative biomarker for the development of sepsis surgical patients. IL-18 promoter and IL-18R1 polymorphisms have been reported in the development of post-injury sepsis and other diseases. In this study, we explored the association between IL-18/IL-18R1 polymorphisms and the severity of VAP in sepsis patients. Methods: ELISA was used to measure the abundance of IL-18, TNF-a, IL-6 and PCT in the peripheral blood of VAP patients in distinct groups. Quantitative real-time PCR was carried out to examine the expression of IL-18 and IL-18R1 mRNA under distinct circumstances. APACHEII scoring were performed to assess the APACHEII scores of VAP patients with distinct genotypes. Results: IL-18-GCAGT and IL-18R1-CC were proved to be correlated with the occurrence of SEPSIS in VAP patients. The IL-18 level was remarkably suppressed in the peripheral blood of VAP patients with IL-18-GCAGT, while IL-18R1 polymorphisms showed no impact on IL-18 expression. The expression of IL-18R1 was suppressed in the peripheral blood of VAP patients with IL-18R1-CC genotypes. When combined IL-18 haplotypes and IL-18R1 genotypes together, we found IL-18-GCAGT and IL-18R1-CC were remarkably correlated with decreased APACHE II score and suppressed expression of TNF-a/IL-6/PCT and increased time from ICU admission to VAP. Conclusion: GCAGT significantly reduced the expression of IL-18. And the genotype CC of rs3755276 located in IL-18R1 also reduced expression of IL-18R1 compared with other genotypes. Collectively, both haplotype GCAGT of IL-18 and genotype CC of IL-18R1 were associated with severity of VAP in patients admitted to ICU.
Accuracy of a Method to Monitor Root Position Using 3D Digital Crown/root Model During Orthodontic Treatments
Authors: Ogawa Kaho , Ishida Yoshiki , Kuwajima Yukinori , Lee Cliff , Emge Jacob R , Izumisawa Mitsuru , Satoh Kazuro , Nagai Shigemi , Silva John D Da , Chen Chia-Yu
Published: May 2021

Objectives.The objective of this retrospective clinical study was to assess the accuracy of a method of predicting post-movement root position during orthodontic treatment, using a 3D digital crown/root model (3DCRM), which was created with pre-movement records of both CBCT and dental-arch digital scans.Material & Methods.Pre-movement CBCT scans, post-movement CBCT scans, and dental-arch digital scans of five patients who had completed orthodontic treatments were used in this study with the approval of internal review board of Iwate Medical University. The 3DCRM was superimposed onto post-movement scanned dental-arch to identify the post-movement root position (test method). Post-movement CBCT (referenced as current method) served as the control used to identify the actual post-movement root position. The predicted root positions by the two methods were compared using color displacement mapping and 3D coordinate XYZ analysis.Results.Color displacement mapping showed that the average root displacement of five cases was -0.16 mm ±0.05 mm. 3D coordinate analysis revealed no significant differences between test and current methods in X and Y axis. However, the discrepancy in Z axis (especially in cases of intrusion) was greater than all other directions (mesial, distal, labial, palatal and extrusion direction) for all three tooth types examined (central incisor, lateral incisor and canine, p <0.05). A strong positive correlation between the degree of discrepancy and the distance of tooth movement was observed on the Z axis (r =0.71).Conclusions.The 3DCRM method showed promising potential to accurately predict root position during orthodontic treatments without the need for a second CBCT. However, root resorption, which affected the Z axis prediction, needs to be closely monitored using periapical radiographs to complement this method.Clinical Relevance.The 3DCRM method can be a useful tool to better evaluate root positioning during and after orthodontic treatment without the need to expose patients to an additional CBCT scan.
Efficacy and Safety of Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy With S-1 for Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Phase II Study
Authors: Ushigome Mitsunori , Funahashi Kimihiko , Kaneko Tomoaki , Kagami Satoru , Yoshida Kimihiko , Miura Yasuyuki , Koda Takamaru , Nagashima Yasuo , Kurihara Akiharu , Terahara Atsuro
Published: May 2021

Background: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with rectal cancer has not yet been established in Japan. We conducted a non-randomized phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preoperative CRT with S-1, a fixed-dose combination of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil potassium. Methods: We conducted a prospective, interventional, single-center study. Radiotherapy was administered at a total dose of 45 Gy (1.8 Gy in 25 fractions) for five weeks. S-1 was administered orally for a total of nine weeks (five weeks during and four weeks after radiotherapy) at a dose of 80 mg/m2/day. The endpoint was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. The required sample size was calculated to be 30 individuals. The characteristics of the 28 patients included were as follows: cStage (II:12/ III:16), median age of 66 years (range 40–77 years), male/female (20/8), and lesion site (Ra-Rb:3/Rb:23/Rb-P:2). Results: Preoperative treatment was completed in 27 patients (96%). Treatment abandon was because of diarrhea. Grade 3 or higher adverse events were observed in only two patients (7%). Clinical downstaging was performed in eight patients (29%). Radical resection was achieved in 27 patients (96%), including 19 (68%) who underwent sphincter-preserving surgery. The pCR rate was 11% (three patients). The three-year disease-free survival rate was 79%, and the overall survival was 89%. No local recurrence occurred three years after surgery. Conclusions: Preoperative CRT with S-1 has an acceptable safety profile, and can potentially contribute to preserving anal function in patients with rectal cancer.Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trial Registry: UMIN000013598. Registered 1 April 2014, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000015887
Primary Evaluation of Appling HMGA2 in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Shen Jian , Li Yi , Wu Qiong , Liu Yilun , Jin Anqi , Hu Bing , Wang Yan
Published: May 2021

Background

Molecular marker is on the hot spot for thyroid tumor research in the recent years. The purpose of this study is try to clarify the value of HMGA2 for differential diagnosis between benign and malignant thyroid nodules in order to further assessing the risk of simultaneous cervical lymph nodes metastasis.
Methods

With a total of 125 thyroid samples, including 85 papillary thyroid carcinomas, 20 follicular thyroid adenomas and 20 normal thyroid tissue were retrospectively analyzed, and we compare expression level of HMGA2 protein among these three groups in this study. PTC group was then subdivided according to the number of metastasis lymph nodes in order to explore the possibility of using HMGA2 protein to predict invasion of lymph nodes in PTC. We also compare the efficiency of BRAFV600E mutation and HMGA2 expression level in the prediagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis during the experiment.
Results

Expression rate of HMGA2 protein in PTC was measured at 100%, which has significant statistical differences with HMGA2 in FTA and NT (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was no significant correlation between expression level of HMGA2 and the size of PTC; whether it accompanied by Hashimoto's thyroiditis; high expression level of HMGA2 could be more sensitive in the prediagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis than BRAFV600E mutation.
Conclusion

①HMGA2 protein can be used as a molecular marker for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. ②The expression level of HMGA2 protein is correlated with cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma, performing an auxiliary value for clinical decision.
Microwave and radio frequency fractional differentiation with a 49GHz Kerr soliton crystal microcomb source
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2021

We report a photonic radio frequency (RF) fractional differentiator based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source. The micro-comb source has a free spectral range (FSR) of 49 GHz, generating a large number of comb lines that serve as a high-performance multi-wavelength source for the differentiator. By programming and shaping the comb lines according to calculated tap weights, arbitrary fractional orders ranging from 0.15 to 0.90 are achieved over a broad RF operation bandwidth of 15.49 GHz. We experimentally characterize the frequency-domain RF amplitude and phase response as well as the temporal response with a Gaussian pulse input. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, confirming the effectiveness of our approach towards high-performance fractional differentiators featuring broad processing bandwidth, high reconfigurability, and potentially reduced sized and cost.
The effect of immunomodulators on various markers of the acute inflammation phase in patients with mild community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Kostinov M. P. , Gaynitdinova V. V. , Kazharova S. V. , Zorina V. N. , Polischuk V. B. , Vlasenko A. E.
Published: May 2021

The objective: to study the effect of immunomodulators on markers of the acute inflammation phase in patients with mild community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Subjects and methods. Patients (n = 64) with mild CAP (39.62 ± 9.82 years, CRB – 650.15 ± 0.04 scores) were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (control) received only standard CAP therapy; in the other two groups, immunomodulators were prescribed simultaneously with standard therapy: in Group 2 – bacterial lysate (BL), in Group 3 – azoximer bromide (AB). In the patients, the blood levels of IL-6, TNF-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactoferrin were tested before treatment (day 1), and on days 13 and 60 of observation.

Results. The initial levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and lactoferrin in the patients were statistically significantly higher above normal ones. A significant decrease in the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP was found in all patients on the 13th and 60th days of observation compared to the 1st day, the maximum reduction was observed in the patients receiving immunomodulators. The biggest decrease in the level of lactoferrin on the 60th day of observation was noted in the group of patients taking BL. The changes in the rate of TNF-α and IL-6 levels decrease on the 13th and 60th days were also statistically significantly more pronounced (compared to the control group). The changes in the rate of decreasing from the baseline on the 13th and 60th days in TNF-α in the BL Group made 44 [-64; -32]% and 85 [-89; -82]%; in the AB Group – 28 [-40; -20]% and 82 [-86; -80]%; in IL-6 in the BL group – 32 [-40; -18]% and 86 [-90; -85]%, in the AB group – 45 [-53; -38]% and 86 [-88; -84]%. In the control group, this parameter for TNF-α was 18 [-32; -8]% and 64 [-78; -56]%, for IL-6 – 11 [-20; -1]% and 75 [-81; -74]%.

Conclusion. The addition of immunomodulators (BL, AB) to the therapy of patients with mild CAP results in statistically significant decrease in the blood levels of biomarkers of the acute inflammation phase on the 13th and 60th days.
Detection of tuberculosis and other infections during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kandrychyn S. V.
Published: May 2021

Based on 12 publications, official data on the detection of cases of tuberculosis and other infectious diseases in England and Wales, Germany and South Korea in 2020 and 2019 were compared. The results indicate that during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a decrease in the number of detected cases of all major infectious diseases, and the percentage of reduction in tuberculosis detection is lower versus other infections.
The production, serologic evaluation, and epitope mapping of ten murine monoclonal Dombrock antibodies
Authors: Grodecka M. , Wasniowska K. , Halverson G. , Yazdanbakhsh K. , Reid M.E. , Lisowska E.
Published: May 2021

The Dombrock (Do) glycoprotein is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked membrane protein carrying Dombrock blood group antigens. There are no standardized typing reagents for Doaor Dob. We have developed ten different monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) that are specific for Dombrock. The objectives of this study were to characterize these MoAbs serologically and determine the epitopes they recognize. MoAbs were generated by standard fusion methods. Mice were immunized with transfected human embryonic kidney 293T cells expressing high levels of Doaor Dob. The MoAbs were tested serologically with untreated and enzymatically or chemically modified red blood cells (RBCs). Serologic inhibition studies were performed with synthetic peptides corresponding to Doaand Dobamino acid sequences. Pepscan epitope analysis was done on an array of immobilized tridecapeptides corresponding to the full-length polypeptide. All ten antibodies were serologically specific for Dombrock. Eight of the antibodies recognized epitopes that were resistant to treatment with ficin, pronase, α-chymotrypsin, and neuraminidase, but sensitive to trypsin and 0.2 M dithiothreitol (DTT). Five have anti-Dob-like specificity. The epitope recognized by MIMA-52 was neuraminidase sensitive, and MIMA-127 epitope recognized a DTT-resistant, linear epitope 90QKNYFRMWQK99of the Dombrock polypeptide. MIMA-127 was the only one of the ten Dombrock MoAbs mapped to a specific sequence of the Dombrock glycoprotein; the other nine MoAbs did not provide a specific peptide binding pattern. The other MoAbs could not be mapped as they most likely recognize nonlinear, conformation-dependent epitopes, as is evident by their sensitivity to reduction of disulfide bonds by DTT. The dependence of some epitopes on antigen glycosylation is also a possibility.
Immunohematology

2012;28:124–9.
Changes over time in mental health symptoms among adolescents in Tampere, Finland
Authors: Knaappila Noora , Marttunen Mauri , Fröjd Sari , Kaltiala Riittakerttu
Published: May 2021

Background:

Mental health problems are common in adolescence and seeking help for them is becoming more common. Referrals to adolescent mental healthcare have recently increased in Finland.

Objective:

To examine time trends in internalizing and externalizing mental health symptoms among Finnish adolescents.

Method:

A time-trend school survey was conducted among 9th graders (15-year-olds) in Tampere, Finland, in three time periods: 2002–03, 2012–13 and 2018–19 (N = 4,162).

Results:

Compared to the period 2002–03, prevalence of externalizing symptoms decreased in the period 2012–13 and further in 2018–19. The prevalence of internalizing symptoms did not change significantly between 2002–03 and 2012–13; however, in 2018–19, depression, social anxiety, general anxiety, poor subjective health, stress symptoms among boys, and poor self-esteem increased compared to earlier time periods. The increases were more marked among girls. However, suicidal ideation did not increase in 2018–19 compared to earlier time periods.

Conclusion:

Whereas the prevalence of externalizing symptoms decreased among Finnish adolescents between 2002–03 and 2018–19, the prevalence of internalizing symptoms increased between 2012–13 and 2018–19. To help to understand the causes of these increases and to prevent internalizing problems, further research on the underlying causes is needed.
Trends in the developing Ukrainian non-bank financial service markets assessed using a mixture separation method
Authors: Vnukova Nataliya , Bacho Robert
Published: May 2021

Non-bank financial institutions play an important role in the non-bank financial service markets expressed in expanding the access to financial services for individuals and legal entities. The non-bank financial service markets demonstrate their performance peculiarities in the pre-crisis and post-crisis periods that bring up to date the need to form a scientific presentation of their development trends. Therefore, it is necessary to provide scientific background and identify the regress and progress processes in the non-bank financial service markets. The research aim is to develop an analytical approach to determining the peculiarities of the development processes in the non-bank financial service markets. The research assesses the key indicators of the non-bank financial service markets in terms of quantity by dividing a set of values into groups by cluster analysis and multidimensional object clustering by a system of indicators, as well as identifying the progress and regress patterns in the non-bank financial service markets. Achieving the research results requires taking into account the above-mentioned objectives fulfilled in seven stages. The research results reflect the influence on the financial service markets exerted by the governmental regulation policy and the consumer protection level in these markets.
Bienestar psicológico, anomia social y anomia psicológica en contextos de pobreza
Authors: Calzoncin Calvillo Luis Angel , García Campos Tonatiuh , Correa Romero Fredi Everardo
Published: May 2021

La pobreza representa para quienes la viven, un atropello a sus derechos fundamentales en un contexto socio estructuralmente violento que dificulta el acceso a oportunidades para una mejor calidad de vida. En este marco de exclusión social también se gestan procesos de anomia, que, en relación con la pobreza, se cree que tendrían efectos sobre el bienestar psicológico de las personas.
Método: La investigación se desarrolló con una muestra de 2000 personas (89.5% mujeres y 10.5% hombres) de entre 15 y 88 años, del estado de Guanajuato; de diseño no experimental, transversal, descriptivo comparativo y correlacional. Con objeto de conocer si la pobreza presentaba efectos en el bienestar psicológico y la anomia, así como la existencia de efectos en el bienestar psicológico, por la anomia, se diseñó un índice de pobreza relativa para obtener grupos entre los que se compararon las medias y la d de Cohen para conocer la magnitud del efecto. Posteriormente, se realizaron correlaciones de Pearson para conocer si existían relaciones entre bienestar, anomia y pobreza.
Resultados: Los hallazgos demostraron efectos significativos bajos de la pobreza en las dimensiones de bienestar psicológico, específicamente en autoaceptación y propósito en la vida, así como en las dimensiones de la anomia. Se encontró que no existen relaciones importantes entre la pobreza, bienestar y la anomia, no obstante, la varianza compartida entre estas variables cambia en grupos con mayor o menor presencia de las dimensiones de anomia.
Discusión: Se analizan los efectos contrastantes encontrados en los factores del bienestar psicológico y las bajas relaciones encontradas entres las tres variables estudiadas, a partir de procesos adaptativos de quienes viven en situación de pobreza. De acuerdo con los resultados, se plantea la necesidad de contemplar la violencia socio estructural de trasfondo en el surgimiento de conductas anómicas, así como la acentuación de ellas en determinados grupos, para el surgimiento de conductas relacionadas con problemáticas sociales.
Selección de Resistencia y Efectos Subletales de Cipermetrina en la Palomilla Dorso de Diamante (Plutella xylostella L.)
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez José Francisco , Cerna Chávez Ernesto , Beltrán Beache Mariana , Ochoa Fuentes Yisa María , Landeros Flores Jerónimo , Guevara Acevedo Luis Patricio
Published: May 2021

Plutella  xylostella es una importante plaga de cultivos de brassicas en más de 100 países. El principal método de control  de P. xylostella se basa en el uso de insecticidas químicos. Sin embargo, esta especie se caracteriza por su rápido desarrollo de resistencia a casi todos los insecticidas. Se ha reportado que la aplicación de concentraciones bajas de insecticidas afecta la fisiología, bioquímica y ecología de los insectos. En este estudio, se realizó una selección de resistencia de cipermetrina durante ocho generaciones de P. xylostella  y se determinó la dosis subletal (CL20) de la línea resistente y de la línea susceptible. Posteriormente, la dosis subletal se aplicó a larvas de tercer instar para investigar su efecto en el porcentaje de pupación, peso de pupas, emergencia de adultos en dos generaciones (progenitores y descendientes), así como los tiempos de desarrollo de cada fase de desarrollo de P. xylostella. Se observó una disminución el porcentaje de pupas formadas, adultos emergidos y peso de pupas.  Por otro lado, el número de huevos depositados aumentó cuando los individuos fueron expuestos al insecticida. Lo anterior puede ser un factor importante para el manejo y control de esta plaga cuando se presenten problemas de resistencia a cipermetrina.
Tratamiento y protección de datos personales en el sector público de la salud. El tránsito hacia el expediente clínico electrónico
Authors: Piña Mondragón José Joaquín
Published: May 2021

Hasta hace algunos años el expediente clínico se integraba en forma exclusiva como un registro que constaba en formato físico; no obstante, con la intervención de los avances tecnológicos se ha ido evolucionando hacia la integración del expediente clínico electrónico por parte de diversas instituciones de salud en México, que han optado por la aplicación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC), en aras de facilitar el ordenamiento de la información clínica y una atención sanitaria de mayor calidad y más enfocada en el paciente. Al respecto, si bien el expediente clínico electrónico se presenta como un instrumento de incalculable valor para los avances en el sector de la salud, al mismo tiempo plantea nuevas interrogantes no sólo desde el punto de vista médico, sino también jurídico, relacionadas con su propiedad, titularidad y acceso a la información personal en él contenida, así como la protección de los datos sensibles relativos al paciente, situación que en ocasiones resulta compleja ante la enorme cantidad de información que dicho sector genera y las distintas hipótesis en cuanto a su acceso y protección.
liderazgo y su relación con la cultura organizacional en las pequeñas y medianas empresas familiares de Ciudad Obregón, Sonora
Authors: Palafox Soto María Olivia , Ochoa Jiménez Sergio , Jacobo Hernández Carlos Armando
Published: May 2021

Las empresas familiares son consideradas de gran importancia gracias al potencial que ofrecen en aspectos de rentabilidad y productividad a nivel mundial, sin embargo, presentan problemas en su gestión, cultura y liderazgo; por ello el objetivo del presente trabajo analizar los estilos de liderazgo (autocrático, democrático, de consulta y participativo) en relación con los tipos de cultura (clan, adhocrática, mercado y jerárquica), con el fin de identificar cómo se relacionan estos dos aspectos y lograr que las empresas familiares continúen aportando a la economía, siendo rentables, favoreciendo su permanencia y demostrando lo fundamental que son.
Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, a través de un cuestionario con 26 preguntas enfocadas a la cultura organizacional basado en Cameron y Quinn, así como diversos estilos de liderazgo expuestos por Hofstede; mismo que se aplicó a 156 informantes, cuyo análisis de información fue llevada a cabo por medio de un análisis de regresión logística multinomial en el programa SPSS versión 25.
Resultados: Se encontró que en las empresas familiares es más probable que exista cualquier otro tipo de liderazgo sobre el autocrático. Asimismo, al relacionar el tipo de cultura con el liderazgo, se evidencia que en una cultura tipo clan es más probable que se ejerza un liderazgo democrático que uno autocrático, además, cuando prevalece una cultura tipo mercado es más probable que exista un liderazgo participativo que uno autocrático, en contraparte, en una empresa con cultura jerárquica, es más probable que exista un liderazgo autocrático que cualquiera de los otros.
Conclusión: Tanto el liderazgo como la cultura organizacional se relacionan entre sí, y son prueba de que las empresas sean de carácter familiar o no, pueden seguir subsistiendo con un futuro prometedor si buscan centrar sus esfuerzos en mejorar la relación entre estos dos aspectos; además, cabe resaltar que esta es una de las escazas investigaciones realizadas en empresas de carácter familiar con el método utilizado en la presente.
Resiliencia de la actividad salinera artesanal ante la presencia de huracanes en la costa de Yucatán, México
Authors: Guzmán Noh Gertrudis , Gurrí García Francisco Delfín
Published: May 2021

Las charcas de sal artesanal de la ría norte de la península de Yucatán son sumamente vulnerables a los abundantes huracanes a los que están expuestos. La extracción de sal, sin embargo, forma parte de un sistema socioambiental que la hace sumamente resiliente. Se trata de una adaptación costera diversificada generada por una población que seguramente, desde tiempos precolombinos, la ha interiorizado como una actividad económica más. La experiencia técnica se transmite de generación en generación aun cuando se haya abandonado la actividad por años. Es posible que su mayor fortaleza se encuentre en el hecho de que las charcas eventualmente se recuperarán solas independientemente de los daños generados, y que su explotación permanecerá exclusivamente como una alternativa posible para llevarse a cabo cuando sea el momento.
Intención Emprendedora Académica: un estudio a través de la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado
Authors: Terán-Pérez Beatriz M , Valdez Lafarga Cuitláhuac , Miranda Félix Alejandra , Flores Leal Pedro
Published: May 2021

The study of Entrepreneurial Intention is essential to understand the beginning of the entrepreneurship process. The literature on academic entrepreneurship sustains a shortage of research related to how an individual, in the academic environment, develops the entrepreneurial intention of starting a spin-off. Starting from the Theory of Planned Behavior, the objective of the present study is to analyze the incidence of motivational antecedents (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived control) on Academic Entrepreneurial Intention and examine the effect of individual factors (creativity, perceived utility, self-confidence, business experience) and context (business experience, entrepreneurship training, and business environment) in said antecedents.
Method:  The data collection was through a survey applied randomly to 172 academics from the Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa in various areas of knowledge (technical and social). Data analysis was carried out using the multivariate Structural Equation Model technique, through the Partial Least Squares approach, for which the Smart PLS software was used.
Results: The result of the structural equation model showed that the main antecedent of the academic entrepreneurial intention is the attitude towards entrepreneurship. This, in turn, is influenced by Creativity and Perceived Utility.
Discussion: The research’s structural model allows predictive evidence of unobservable variables that influence entrepreneurial intention’s formation in the academic environment. Also, the findings present practical implications that are useful for university management to promote academic entrepreneurship.
Comparison of algorithms for the prediction of glucose levels in patients with diabetes
Authors: Olivares Vera Daniel Arturo , Gutiérrez Hernández David Asael , Escobar Acevedo Marco Antonio , Lara Rendón Claudia Margarita , Velázquez Velázquez Dulce Aurora
Published: May 2021

This work presents a comparison between two algorithms for the prediction of glucose levels in diabetic patients by using a univariate time series. The algorithms are applied to the history of fasting glucose levels to predict the five following values. The comparison is performed between 1) The Autoregressive Neural Networks (ARNN) and 2) The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models. A total of 70 series are analyzed, and we show that the results obtained for the ARIMA model have error percentages higher than 25% of the predicted value to the expected value. In contrast, in 73% of the cases, the percentage error was less than 25% for the Autoregressive Neural Networks.
Amonio y sulfato en el crecimiento, actividad fisiológica y estado nutrimental de las plantas de lisianthus cv. ABC 1-2 rosado oscuro
Authors: García Santiago Juana Cruz , Hernández Pérez Armando , Aureoles Rodríguez Fabiola , González Fuentes José Antonio , Torres Olivar Vicente , Méndez López Alonso , Álvarez Vázquez Perpetuo
Published: May 2021

El nitrógeno (N) y azufre (S) son nutrimentos que tienen una fuerte interacción en sus vías de asimilación. Por lo tanto, la adición de estos en una adecuada proporción influye positivamente en el desarrollo de las plantas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la interacción de diferentes concentraciones de NH4+ y SO42- en variables de crecimiento, fisiológicas y de concentración de macronutrimentos en las plantas de lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) cv. ABC 1-2 Rosado Oscuro. Los tratamientos evaluados consistieron en tres concentraciones de NH4+ (0, 2.5 y 5 meq L-1) y dos concentraciones de SO42- (7 y 10 meq L-1). Las diferentes concentraciones de SO42- y NH4+ se diseñaron a partir de modificaciones de la solución nutritiva de Steiner. Se utilizaron contenedores de polietileno negro de 10 L y sustrato perlita con partículas de 0.2-0.5 mm de diámetro. Los resultados mostraron que el diámetro de tallo y la producción de biomasa seca en raíz, tallo, flor y total fueron mayores al suministrar 5 meq L-1 de NH4+ con 7 meq L-1 de SO42-. Por otro lado, el peso seco de hoja y altura de planta fue mayor al emplear 2.5 meq L-1 de NH4+ con 7 meq L-1 de SO42-. Este mismo comportamiento se observó en los parámetros de fotosíntesis, transpiración y conductancia estomática. La mayor concentración de N y P se obtuvo al emplear 2.5 meq L-1 de NH4+ con 10 meq L-1 de SO42-; asimismo, la concentración de Mg y S fue mayor con 2.5 meq L-1 de NH4+ en ambas concentraciones de SO42; mientras que K y Ca fue mayor al incrementar la concentración de NH4+ con 7 meq L-1 de SO42-. El mejor crecimiento, producción de biomasa y concentración de nutrimentos (K y Ca) de las plantas de lisianthus se obtiene con la proporción 5 meq L-1 de NH4+/ 7 meq L-1 de SO42-; mientras que, la actividad fisiológica es favorecida por la proporción 2.5 meq L-1 de NH4+ / 7 meq L-1 de SO42-.
A Case of Papillophlebitis Caused by the Contraceptive Implant in a Healthy Young Woman with Angioid Streaks
Authors: Abusamak Mohammad , Alrawashdeh Hamzeh M.
Published: May 2021

Introduction:

Papillophlebitis is a rare condition that has a high probability of misdiagnosis due to its puzzling resemblance to common conditions, especially Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO) and papillitis.

Methods:

We present an interesting case of a 30-year-old healthy woman with mild CRVO in the right eye associated with ocular pain on upgaze, visual field defect, dyschromatopsia, and desaturation of red color along with initially normal visual acuity, nondetectable relative afferent pupillary defect, and normal foveal reflex. She underwent a subdermal etonogestrel implant (progestin) by a gynecologist two months before presentation. Following the removal of the progestin implant by her gynecologist, we started the patient on intravenous methylprednisolone (500mg daily for 3 days).

Results:

This combination of incomplete features of CRVO and papillitis guide us to the diagnosis of atypical papillophlebitis. The fundi showed a typical appearance of angioid streaks. The association between papillophlebitis and angioid streaks was unclear. After a thorough review of the literature, no correlation was found, indicating that angioid streak is only an incidental finding.

Conclusion:

The patient’s condition improved with systemic steroid administration, and complete visual recovery was noted after one year, despite the presence of macular ischemia and nerve fiber layer atrophic changes on Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography.