bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zoomorphizing the Asterisms: Indigenous Interpretations of the Twenty-Eight Lunar Mansions in the History of China
Authors: Kim Soyeon
Published: April 2022

The twenty-eight lunar mansions, one of the core ideas of the Chinese understanding of the celestial sphere, had been known as a guide to celestial areas and specific times dating back to antiquity. By combining with the Chinese thought of yinyang wuxing 陰陽五行, the lunar mansions became far more indigenous in character; at first, astronomical zoomorphism was not common in Han cosmology, but it became more so through this process of indigenization and standardization, especially from around the eleventh century. This period can be described as a major turning point in the historiography of the lunar mansions in China in that a complete iconography consisting of relatively familiar animals, instead of sacred imaginary beasts, appeared in many textual and visual materials (especially Daoist examples). Starting in the Yuan period, this zoomorphic iconography also appeared on official ceremonial flags unrelated to divination or astronomy. This may suggest changing Chinese attitudes toward the lunar mansions. The wish to control a wild but redoubtable nature may have bestowed a particular secular terrestrial significance on celestial bodies.
T'aengniji by Yi Chunghwan (1690–1756?): Land and Politics
Authors: Chesnokova Nataliya
Published: April 2022

This article examines T'aengniji (1751) by Yi Chunghwan (1690–1756?) in three different historical periods: late Chosǒn, the beginning of the 1910s, and the 1970s. These three stages were selected to compare how changes in Korean politics were reflected in the understanding of the book and in the understanding of the idea of sojunghwa 小中華, or Korea as “Little China,” in particular. These stages also depict the popularization of T'aengniji from its completion by Yi Chunghwan in manuscript form to its printing by Ch'oe Namsǒn (1890–1957) in 1912 and the first translations into Korean during Pak Chǒnghŭi's presidency (1963–79). A comparison of different T'aengniji manuscripts with the printed version by Ch'oe Namsǒn shows that the devotion to the Ming dynasty emphasized by Yi Chunghwan vanished in the beginning of the twentieth century under the pressure of the strong influence of social Darwinist ideas. The version by Ch'oe Namsǒn was used for the first translations from hanmun (Literary Sinitic) into modern Korean, thus changing the original meaning of many phrases. On the other hand, a Korea-centered T'aengniji that emphasized the importance of Korean history, geography, and culture contributed to the building of modern Korean ethnicity. Analysis of the same description of Mount Paektu in Yi Chunghwan's T'aengniji and Ch'oe Namsǒn's T'aengniji shows how one piece of information was read differently by different readers. Depending on the historical period when the book was read and the dominant political course of the time, the Korean Peninsula depicted in T'aengniji was either Confucian and sadae compliant or prosperous, strong, and autonomous.
Social and Literary Function of the Gift Exchange Narrative inJin Ping Mei
Authors: Han Ruihui
Published: April 2022

Gift exchange is necessary to maintain guanxi, a ubiquitous system of social networks in China, which has drawn little academic attention in Chinese literary criticism. The narrative of gift exchange for guanxi permeates Jin Ping Mei. Through gift exchange, the central character, Ximen Qing, achieved his fortune and success. This article sets out to discuss the social and literary function of gift exchange narratives in terms of plot and characterization from the perspective of guanxi. It argues that the necessary asymmetry in gift exchange, as a part of guanxi, propels narrative development, creates suspense that arouses the reader's curiosity, and leads narrative coherence. Without direct psychologizing of characters' minds, the narrative of gift exchange offers glimpses into the inner worlds of the characters by combining an instrumental purpose and sentimental means.
Unveiling a novel serpinB2-tripeptidyl peptidase II signaling axis during senescence
Authors: Liao Chia-Li , Hu Rong-Chi , Liao Min-Shiang , Chen Yi-Ju , Chen Ya-Ping , Hsieh Hsi-Hsien , Tai Chih-Hsuan , Chou Tzyy-Chao , Chu Chi-Yuan , Chen Yu-Ju , Lo Lee-Chiang , Lin Jing-Jer
Published: April 2022

Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII or TPP2) degrades N-terminal tripeptides from proteins and peptides. Studies in both humans and mice have shown that TPPII deficiency is linked to cellular immune-senescence, lifespan regulation and the aging process. However, the mechanism of how TPPII participates in these processes is less clear. In this study, we established a chemical probe-based assay and found that although the mRNA and protein levels of TPPII were not altered during senescence, its enzymatic activity was reduced in senescent human fibroblasts. We also showed that elevation of the levels of the serine protease inhibitor serpinB2 reduced TPPII activity in senescent cells. Moreover, suppression of TPPII led to elevation in the amount of lysosomal contents as in well as TPPI (TPP1) and β-galactosidase activities, suggesting that lysosome biogenesis is induced to compensate for the reduction of TPPII activity in senescent cells. Together, this study discloses a critical role of the serpinB2-TPPII signaling pathway in proteostasis during senescence. Since serpinB2 levels can be increased by a variety of cellular stresses, reduction of TPPII activity through activation of serpinB2 might represent a common pathway for cells to respond to different stress conditions.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Nationwide Validation of the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Staging System and Five Proposed Modifications for Resected Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Schouten Thijs J. , Daamen Lois A. , Dorland Galina , van Roessel Stijn R. , Groot Vincent P. , Besselink Marc G. , Bonsing Bert A. , Bosscha Koop , Brosens Lodewijk A. A. , Busch Olivier R. , van Dam Ronald M. , Fariña Sarasqueta Arantza , Festen Sebastiaan , Groot Koerkamp Bas , van der Harst Erwin , de Hingh Ignace H. J. T. , Intven Martijn , Kazemier Geert , de Meijer Vincent E. , Nieuwenhuijs Vincent B. , Raicu G. Mihaela , Roos Daphne , Schreinemakers Jennifer M. J. , Stommel Martijn W. J. , van Velthuysen M. F. , Verdonk Robert C. , Verheij Joanne , Verkooijen Helena M. , van Santvoort Hjalmar C. , Molenaar I. Quintus ,   The Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group
Published: April 2022

Background

The prognostic value of four proposed modifications to the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system has yet to be evaluated. This study aimed to validate five proposed modifications.

Methods

Patients who underwent pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma resection (2014–2016), as registered in the prospective Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Audit, were included. Stratification and prognostication of TNM staging systems were assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox proportional hazard analyses, and C-indices. A new modification was composed based on overall survival (OS).

Results

Overall, 750 patients with a median OS of 18 months (interquartile range 10–32) were included. The 8th edition had an increased discriminative ability compared with the 7th edition {C-index 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56–0.61) vs. 0.56 (95% CI 0.54–0.58)}. Although the 8th edition showed a stepwise decrease in OS with increasing stage, no differences could be demonstrated between all substages; stage IIA vs. IB (hazard ratio [HR] 1.30, 95% CI 0.80–2.09; p  = 0.29) and stage IIB vs. IIA (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.75–1.83; p  = 0.48). The four modifications showed comparable prognostic accuracy (C-index 0.59–0.60); however, OS did not differ between all modified TNM stages (ns). The new modification, migrating T3N1 patients to stage III, showed a C-index of 0.59, but did detect significant survival differences between all TNM stages (p  < 0.05).

Conclusions

The 8th TNM staging system still lacks prognostic value for some categories of patients, which was not clearly improved by four previously proposed modifications. The modification suggested in this study allows for better prognostication in patients with all stages of disease.
Effect of Fu Yan Qing prescription on pelvic effusion, mass absorption and microenvironment of pelvic blood stasis in patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease of accumulation of dampness heat and blood stasis type
Authors: Zhang Sujuan , Yuan Lijin , Wang Yunliang , Sun Zhe
Published: April 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of Fu Yan Qing prescription on sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease of accumulation of dampness heat and blood stasis type.

Methods: Total 80 patients with sequelae of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease of accumulation of dampness heat and blood stasis type were admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from December, 2018 to April, 2020 and divided into two groups according to the random number table, with 40 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional western medicine, while patients in the observation group were treated with Fu Yan Qing prescription orally. The clinical efficacy, the changes of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes, local sign scores, visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, pelvic mass size, pelvic fluid volume and uterine blood flow parameters of the two groups before and after treatment were observed and compared, and the safety of the two groups was evaluated.

Results: The total efficacy after treatment in the observation group was 87.5%, which was significantly higher than that of 67.5% in the control group (p<0.05). The TCM syndrome scores, local signs scores, pain scores, size of pelvic mass and pelvic effusion in both groups decreased significantly after treatment (p<0.05), PSV indexes of the two groups were significantly increased after treatment (p<0.05), and these changes were even more pronounced in the observation group (p<0.05). Compared with before treatment, PI and RI indexes of the observation group were significantly decreased after treatment (p<0.05). The observation group experienced an adverse reaction in 7.5% cases considerably lower than the 27.5% of the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Fu Yan Qing prescription is a safe and reliable treatment for patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease of accumulation of dampness heat and blood stasis type. It is worth promotion in clinical practice.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.4641

How to cite this:Zhang S, Yuan L, Wang Y, Sun Z. Effect of Fu Yan Qing prescription on pelvic effusion, mass absorption and microenvironment of pelvic blood stasis in patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease of accumulation of dampness heat and blood stasis type. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.4641

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Clinical value of propranolol combined with oxaliplatin and tigio in concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Yong , Chen Yu , Wang Zhibang , Li He , Wang Yongqi
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To investigate the clinical value of propranolol combined with oxaliplatin and tigio in concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: A total of 74 patients with locally advanced gastric cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from August 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the subject and divided into two groups by random number table method: Group-A and Group-B, with 37 cases in each group. Patients in Group-A were treated with oxaliplatin injection and oral administration of tigio combined with concurrent radiotherapy, while patients in Group-B were given propranolol on the basis of treatment in Group-A. The clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups were observed.

Results: The response rate (RR) of Group-B was higher than that of Group-A, but with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). No statistical difference was observed in the incidence of gastrointestinal reaction, bone marrow suppression, oral mucositis, and the incidence of grade III-IV adverse reactions in the two groups (P>0.05). There were no serious adverse reactions related to propranolol in Group-B, and the levels of tumor markers CEA, CA50, CA125, and CA242 in Group-B were lower than those in Group-A.

Conclusion: Propranolol combined with oxaliplatin and tigio boasts satisfactory sensitization safety in radiotherapy for gastric cancer, but its sensitization effect needs to be further investigated in a multi-center study involving large sample size.

doi: https://doi.org/-10.12669/pjms.38.5.5311

How to cite this:Chen Y, Chen Y, Wang Z, Li H, Wang Y. Clinical value of propranolol combined with oxaliplatin and tigio in concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5311

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison between outcome of single dose of prophylactic antibiotic versus postoperative antibiotic in inguinal hernia surgery
Authors: Masood Ahmad , Arshad Abdur Rehman , Ashraf Mahnoor
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To compare the outcome prophylactic antibiotics and routine pre-surgical and post-surgical in terms of incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) and to explore the effect of various factors such as duration of surgery and patient characteristics (if any).

Methods: A double-blinded prospective analysis of a total of 60 patients with the primary inguinal hernia was conducted from 24th August 2020 to 24th August 2021 at the Surgical Department of Nishtar Medical University & Hospital, Multan. The participants of the study were categorized into two groups such that 30 consecutive patients were placed in the study group who were administered with a single dose of prophylactic antibiotic 30 minutes before to mesh repair surgery and the remaining 30 patients were placed in the control group who were administered routine antibiotics pre and post-operatively. The effects in patients were observed till 30 days following surgery for any sign of infection. All the collected data were analyzed through SPSS (version 19).

Results: The rate of infection in both groups was noted. The incidence of infection in the study group (13.3%) was higher as compared to the control group (10%). No patient underwent mesh removal and no significant difference in terms of post-operative complications was observed in the results of both groups.

Conclusion: Both the treatments, prophylactic antibiotics and routine pre-surgical and post-surgical were equally effective. However, we recommend the administration of prophylactic since they are cost-effective and prevent bacterial drug resistance.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5332

How to cite this:Masood A, Arshad AR, Ashraf M. Comparison between outcome of single dose of prophylactic antibiotic versus postoperative antibiotic in inguinal hernia surgery. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5332

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of clinical effectiveness of conventional and self-etch sealant: a split mouth randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gupta Deveshi , Rao Arathi , Shenoy Ramya , Suprabha Baranya Srikrishna
Published: April 2022

Background: Self-etching has been shown to be beneficial compared to the other resin sealants especially in pediatric practice. The present in-vivo study was designed to clinically evaluate the sealing ability and retention of the self-etching sealant compared to the conventional resin sealant. The aim was to evaluate and compare the retention and marginal integrity of the self-etch and acid etch sealant materials at three, six and twelve-month follow up.

Methods: The study was designed as a double blinded, split mouth randomized controlled trial, . In total, 35 children (70 teeth) between 7 and 10 years of age formed part of the study. Group 1 received acid-etch sealant and Group 2 received self-etch sealants. The study participants and the investigator who performed the statistical analysis were blinded to the treatment allocation. All the samples were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months. The inter-group and intragroup comparison were carried out using the Chi-Square test and Friedman test with level of significance set at 5% and the P value less than 0.05.

Results: Complete retention of sealants was observed in 34.5% of conventional acid etch (group 1) and 22.9% of self-etch samples (group 2) whereas complete loss of sealants were seen in 11.4% of group 1 and 20% of the group 2 samples and intergroup comparison of retention failure was non-significant (p=0.135). In total, 85.7% of the group 1 and 82.9% of the group 2 samples exhibited good marginal integrity with no clinical changes in the enamel around the margins but this was not statistically significant (p=0.5).

Conclusions: Sealants with fewer procedural steps and those which provide adequate retention would be ideal for use in children. Thus, self-etch sealants have been found to be effective and efficient as a sealant in the present in-vivo study.

Clinical Trials Registry, India registration: CTRI/2019/03/018343 (29/03/2019).
The signifying culture: An intercultural and qualitative analysis of Tiv and Yoruba folktales for moral instruction and character determination in children
Authors: Olugbemi-Gabriel Olumide , Ukpi Mbasughun
Published: April 2022

Background: In the study of African communities, folktales have remained a constant element. With their origin in the culture of oral storytelling, folktales have often been used by older age groups to guide and mould behavioural patterns in children. In ancient and traditional African societies, children were gathered at the end of the day by older members of the community for tales by moonlight sessions aimed at guiding their moral decisions. With globalisation and its consequent effects such as migration, dislocation and disindigenisation, the culture of communal folktale sessions is experiencing a quick death. This paper engages with the relevance of folktales as moral guides for children in African societies and as a renewed path to increased societal stability facilitated by morally set individuals. 

Methods: The folktales were randomly selected from a pool of Tiv and Yoruba folktales in Nigeria. Two animal-based folktales which are part of shared folk culture were picked from the Tiv society and one from the Yoruba society.  The study follows a narrative and content analysis approach where the selected folktales are corroborated by four key informants, two males and two females within the ages of 50-65.  

Results: With particular focus on the benefits of promoting and re-introducing the folktale culture to encourage positive behavioural traits amongst individuals in the society, the study primarily highlights folktales as reflective of human life. In identifying this similarity, the character of children is largely influenced by the moral values inherent in these folktales.  

Conclusions: There needs to be an increased use of media and audio-visual tools to expand the knowledge and accessibility of indigenous African folktales in order to preserve ethnic, national and social identity as well as to provide a moral compass for children.
Laboratory and experimental hut trial evaluation of VECTRON™ T500 for indoor residual spraying (IRS) against insecticide resistant malaria vectors in Burkina Faso
Authors: Bayili Koama , Ki Hyacinthe D. , Bayili Bazoma , Sow Bazoumana , Ouattara Abdoulaye , Small Graham , Dabire Roch K. , Diabate Abdoulaye
Published: April 2022

Background: Malaria cases in some areas could be attributed to vector resistant to the insecticide. World Health Organization recommended insecticides for vector control are limited in number. It is essential to find rotational partners for existing Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) products. VECTRON™ T500 is a novel insecticide with broflanilide as active ingredient. It has a mode of action on mosquitoes completely different to usually used. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum effective dose and efficacy of VECTRONTM against susceptible and resistant strains of Anopheles in Burkina Faso.

Methods: VECTRON™ was sprayed at 50, 100 and 200 mg/m² doses onto mud and concrete blocks using Potter Spray Tower. The residual activity of broflanilide was assessed through cone bioassays 1 week and then monthly up to 14 months post spraying. Its efficacy was evaluated at 100 and 150 mg/m² against wild free-flying mosquitoes in experimental huts on both substrates. Actellic 300CS was applied at 1000 mg/m² as reference product. Cone assays were conducted monthly, using susceptible and resistant mosquito strains.

Results: In the laboratory, VECTRON™ showed residual efficacy (≥80% mortality) on An. gambiae Kisumu up to 12 and 14 months, respectively, on concrete and mud blocks. Similar results were found with 100 and 200 mg/m² using An. coluzzii pyrethroid resistant strain. In experimental huts, a total of 19,552 An. gambiae s.l. were collected. Deterrence, blood-feeding inhibition and exophily with VECTRON™ treated huts were very low. At 100 and 150 mg/m², mortality of wild An. gambiae s.l. ranged between 55% and 73%. Monthly cone bioassay mortality remained >80% up to 9 months.

Conclusions: VECTRON™ shows great potential as IRS formulation for malaria vector control. It can be added to the arsenal of IRS products for use in rotations to control malaria and manage mosquito insecticide resistance.
Exploring Usability of Reddit in Data Science and Knowledge Processing
Authors: Sawicki Jan , Ganzha Maria , Paprzycki Marcin , Badica Amelia
Published: April 2022

This contribution argues that Reddit, as a massive, categorized, open-access dataset, is a useful data source, on "almost any topic", which can be used for data science and knowledge exploration. This statement is backed-up with presented analysis, based on 180 manually annotated papers, related to Reddit itself, and data acquired from top databases of scientific papers. Finally, an open source tool is introduced, which provides easy access to Reddit resources, and exploratory data analysis of how Reddit covers selected topics. This is a prelude analysis to a broader exploration of Reddit's applicability.
Difficulties in Teaching Children of Special Socio-Psychological Status
Authors: Vinogradova Natalya
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the problems of organizing the activities of an educational organization to work with younger students who are included in

the “risk groups” according to their socio-psychological status. The features of the interaction of the teacher with students experiencing difficulties in the process of adaptation to the educational team, with features of physical and mental development, as well as with signs of deviant behavior are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the styles of successful interaction between the subjects of educational activity.
Methodological Support of the Updated Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education
Authors: Vinogradova Natalya
Published: April 2022

The article discusses scientific and methodological approaches and characterizes the updated version of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education (FSES PGE) adopted by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation in May 2021. The structure of the Approximate educational program and its most important part - exemplary work programs of primary school subjects are considered. On the example of the work program on the subject "World around", a description of the goals, content, planned learning outcomes is given, accompanied by comments for the teacher.
Differences in wings may be sufficient to separate the sexes and two species of Gynaikothrips Zimmermann (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)?
Authors: Santos Priscila Paredes dos , Silva Junior Juvenal Cordeiro , Nunes Lorena Andrade
Published: April 2022

In this study, we use geometric morphometry to discriminate thrips of the species Gynaikothrips uzeli (Zimmerman) and Gynaikothrips ficorum (Marchal) and also to detect sexual dimorphism in these species. Two hundred individuals, one hundred females and one hundred males, from G. uzeli and G. ficorum, were used to verify sexual dimorphism. For interspecific differentiation, two hundred females were used, one hundred individuals of each species. It was possible to observe differences in the shape of the wing between sexes in both species. In G. uzeli, the first two main components explain 92.5% of the total variation of individuals. The first main component explains 87% and the second 5.5 of the total variation of individuals. For G. ficorum, the first two main components explain 78.2% of the total variation of individuals. The first principal component contributed with 62% and the second principal component with 16.2% of the variation of the shape of the wing. Besides, significant interspecific differences were observed in the shape of the wing, where the first two main components were sufficient to explain 86% of the total variation of the individuals. The first principal component explained 76.2% and the second 9.8% of the total variation of the individuals, being possible to verify differences in the shape of the wing of these two species. Geometric morphometry is a viable technique for assessing sexual dimorphism, as well as interspecific differences in the shape of the wings of these species, which are morphologically very similar.
the case for philosophy for children in kenyan schools
Authors: Ominde Eliud Shani , K'odhiambo Atieno Kili , Gunga Samsom Okuro
Published: April 2022

The significance of value-based education in character development and inculcation of ethical citizenship attitudes in Kenyan schools cannot be overemphasized. In the recent past, cases of unethical behaviour among primary school-going children and those who have graduated from this important segment of education have been on the rise, despite the various interventions by the Kenyan government to integrate value concerns in the curriculum. Since 2020, there has been a sharp increase in the cases of student-led arsons in learning institutions in Kenya. From independence, the government of Kenya adopted an indirect approach of value education that advocates for integration of values within regular curriculum. This strategy seems ineffective owing to an increase in the cases of indiscipline among learners. This study seeks to examine the application of Philosophy for Children (P4C) as the architecture for implementing value-based education and the realization of Chapter Six of the Constitution of Kenya because the values thatP4C aims to nurture are highly consistent with those of the Kenyan Constitution. Through P4C, the Kenyan Education system can achieve its goal of preparing responsible and ethical citizens of high moral integrity.  Chapter Six of the Kenyan Constitution has laid the cornerstone principles of Leadership, Integrity and elements of ethical citizenship. It dictates the code of conduct for state officers and responsible citizenry. Through the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC), the Ministry of Education seeks to inculcate these principles in the learners at an early age.
book review: kohan, w.o. and weber, b. (eds.) (2020). thinking, childhood, and time. contemporary perspectives on the politics of education. lexington books.
Authors: Cassidy Claire
Published: April 2022

This book review discusses Walter O. Kohan and Barbara Weber's edited volume, Thinking, Childhood, and Time.
Promoção e proteção de direitos humanos e a necessária construção contra-hegemônica: possibilidades decoloniais
Authors: Cabral Maria Walkíria De Faro Coelho Guedes , Bacha e Silva Diogo
Published: April 2022

Muito se discorre acerca dos instrumentos de promoção e proteção dos Direitos Humanos, a partir da descrição e análise dos sistemas formais criados no âmbito das Nações Unidas e das organizações regionais, bem como dos instrumentos internalizados decorrentes desses já mencionados. Ocorre que não são apenas esses sistemas legitimados as únicas formas de promoção e proteção de Direitos Humanos. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo visa discutir em que medida outras formas de promoção e proteção dos sujeitos de um Estado podem de fato contribuir para a construção de um sistema de Direitos Humanos mais complexo e efetivo. Apenas a partir dessa discussão, é possível marcar o espaço das construções contra-hegemônicas para a promoção e proteção dos Direitos Humanos, em especial de uma construção decolonial. Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos; Teoria Crítica; Políticas Públicas; Contra-hegemonia; Decolonialidade. AbstractMuch is being addressed about the instruments for the promotion and protection of Human Rights, based on the description and analysis of the formal systems created within the framework of the United Nations and regional organizations, as well as the internalized instruments arising from these. It turns out that it is not only these legitimate systems the only ways of Human Rights promotion and protection. In this sense, this article aims to discuss which ways of promotion and protection of the subjects of a State can in fact contribute to the construction of a more complex and effective Human Rights system. Only from this discussion, it is possible to set a space of counter-hegemonic constructions for the promotion and protection of human rights, in particular a decolonial construction.Keywords: Human Rights, Critical Theory; Public Policies; Counter-hegemony; Decoloniality.
A afirmação constitucional e transconstitucional dos direitos fundamentais: justiça ou democracia?
Authors: Perim Maria Clara Mendonça , Fabriz Daury Cesar
Published: April 2022

ResumoEste artigo discute os movimentos do constitucionalismo e do transconstitucionalismo na perspectiva do binômio justiça versus democracia. Analisa sinteticamente a evolução histórica do equilíbrio entre os sistemas do direito e da política para verificar que a afirmação dos direitos humanos no mundo contemporâneo está centrada no Poder Judiciário como a instituição incumbida de dizer a justiça e de proteger direitos individuais ainda que contra-hegemônicos. Paralelamente, busca, no Transconstitucionalismo e na Teoria Intercultural da Constituição, alternativas para os desafios da paz, da segurança mundial e da afirmação de direitos humanos para além do monismo estatal e dos paradigmas clássicos do constitucionalismo, os quais são limitados ao território, povo e nação. A partir de tais premissas, aborda as conexões entre justiça e democracia e igualdade e pluralismo dessas teorias para sublinhar que o diálogo permanente e construtivo de afirmação de direitos humanos deve manter o equilíbrio entre os sistemas de justiça estatais, internacionais e supranacionais, mas também reforçar novas e antigas práticas e instituições democráticas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória cujas fontes de investigação são produções da ciência política e jurídica. O método é a dedução, partindo-se dos princípios das teorias-base para a extração de conclusões, agregando-se a dialética.Palavras-chave: direitos fundamentais; justiça; democracia; constitucionalismo; transconstitucionalismo.AbstractThis article discusses the movements of Constitutionalism and Transconstitutionalism from the perspective of binomial justice versus democracy. It briefly analyzes the historical evolution of the balance between systems of law and politics and concludes that the affirmation of human rights in the modern world is centered on the Judicial Branch, as an institution responsible for defining justice and protecting individual rights, even when they are counter-hegemonic. At the same time, it studies Transconstitutionalism and Intercultural Constitutionalism Theory in order to find, for the challenges of peace, security and the affirmation of human rights, alternative solutions that transcend state monism and classic constitutional paradigms, which are limited to the elements of territory, population and nation. From these perspectives, this article addresses the connections between justice and democracy and equality and pluralism in the mentioned theories to conclude that the permanent and constructive dialog for the affirmation of human rights must maintain a balance between state, international and supranational justice systems, in addition to reinforcing new and old practices and democratic institutions. From the principles of base theories to the extraction of conclusions, the deduction method was used, in addition to the dialectic.Keywords: fundamental rights, justice; democracy; constitutionalism, transconstitutionalism
O senso de justiça em tempo de pandemia: a perspectiva do liberalismo político de John Rawls / The sense of justice in a time of pandemic: a perspective from John Rawls' political liberalism
Authors: Arraes Roosevelt
Published: April 2022

ResumoO artigo investigou como o liberalismo político de John Rawls pode oferecer argumentos razoáveis para equacionar os dilemas políticos, econômicos e sociais ocasionados pela pandemia de COVID-19. Apesar de a teoria de Rawls aplicar-se, especificamente, para sociedades bem ordenadas quase-justas, nos §§ 10 e 11 da Conferência VIII do livro Liberalismo político, o filósofo discute a forma de se governar em ocasiões de emergência que afetam a estabilidade das instituições do Estado de direito. A partir da diferenciação entre os tipos de instabilidade institucional (crise e tensão), indicou-se que a situação gerada pela COVID-19 assemelha-se ao contexto de tensão. Utilizando o liberalismo político de John Rawls para esse contexto de tensão, é possível afirmar a razoabilidade do argumento favorável a restrições à liberdade de ir e vir e de empreender, em favor da não exposição das pessoas a riscos excessivos de morte.Palavras-chave: Justiça. Pandemia. Tensão. Liberalismo político.AbstractThe article investigated how the political liberalism of John Rawls can offer reasonable arguments to address the political, economic and social dilemmas caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although Rawls' theory applies specifically to well-ordered societies, in §§ 10 and 11 of Conference VIII of Political Liberalism, the philosopher discusses how to govern in times of emergency that affect stability institutions of the rule of law. From the differentiation between the types of institutional instability (crisis and apprehension), it is indicated that the situation generated by COVID-19 is similar to the context of tension. Using John Rawls' political liberalism in this context of tension, it is possible to affirm the reasonableness of the argument in favor of restricting the freedom to go and the entrepreneur, in favor of not exposing people to excessive risks of death.Keywords: Justice. Pandemic. Apprehension. Political Liberalism.
Aborto e influências religiosas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro: o retrocesso legislativo frente às práticas abortivas
Authors: Mantovani Lucas Dos Santos , Cazelatto Caio Eduardo Costa , Cardin Valéria Silva Galdino
Published: April 2022

ResumoO trabalho traz à discussão, por meio da revisão sistemática da literatura, as pesquisas, estudos, tramitações de projetos de lei e decisões judiciais relacionadas à temática do aborto e suas intersecções com as influências religiosas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, sobretudo perante a atividade legislativa e os consequentes efeitos sociais e políticas no âmbito da política nacional e sobre o papel do Estado. Para isso, foi investigado o aborto sob a perspectiva do direito à vida, apresentando-se as teorias que sustentam o direito à vida, bem como as previsões constitucionais referentes à dignidade da pessoa e da vida humana, como o direito à autonomia da mulher e do acesso à justiça social. Ainda, foram exploradas as influências e os reflexos das interferências religiosas perante a elaboração de leis e na atuação do Poder Judiciário. A discussão revela que o debate da questão do aborto sob a perspectiva do direito à vida e sua relação com os Direitos da Personalidade são relevantes para o pensamento crítico a respeito da importância de uma reformulação nas leis restritivas às práticas abortivas atualmente vigentes.Palavras-Chave: Direito à Autodeterminação das Mulheres; Direitos à Saúde; Influências religiosas; Práticas abortivas; Retrocesso legislativo. AbstractThis work brings to the discussion, through a systematic literature review, the researches, studies, processing of bills and court decisions related to the theme of abortion and its intersections with religious influences in the Brazilian legal system, especially regarding the legislative activity and the consequent social and political effects in the scope of national politics and on the role of the State. For this, abortion was investigated from the perspective of the right to life, presenting the theories that support the right to life, as well as the constitutional provisions regarding the dignity of the person and human life, such as the right to autonomy of women and access to social justice. Still, the influences and reflexes of religious interferences in the elaboration of laws and in the performance of the Judiciary were explored. The discussion reveals that the debate on the issue of abortion from the perspective of the right to life and its relationship with Personality Rights are relevant to critical thinking about the importance of reformulating the laws restricting abortion practices currently in force.Keywords: Women's Right to Self-Determination; Rights to Health; Religious influences; Abortive practices; Legislative setback.
Algumas reflexões sobre os direitos humanos, dignidade e o uso de robôs no cuidado de idosos
Authors: Campos Eduardo Villa Coimbra , Pinto Gerson Neves
Published: April 2022

ResumoO presente trabalho busca explorar, de forma breve e limitada a seu escopo, as relações existentes entre direitos humanos, dignidade e a assistência aos idosos desempenhada por robôs. Com a apresentação de noções introdutórias e básicas de tais elementos e de sua previsão em instrumentos internacionais, busca-se destacar algumas das novas tecnologias que vêm sendo desenvolvidas no âmbito da robótica, em conjunto com a inteligência artificial, para o cuidado com aqueles que se encontram nas fases mais avanças de suas vidas, apresentando exemplos do atual estágio evolutivo dessas tecnologias. Posteriormente, serão apresentados alguns dos questionamentos éticos formulados sobre o uso de tais tecnologias e as preocupações que devem ser consideradas para seu desenvolvimento, atreladas à privacidade, autonomia, identidade e liberdade dos idosos, tentando avaliar a repercussão sobre sua dignidade. Ao final, pretende-se reconhecer, como resultado, qual o impacto do uso de robôs no cuidado com idosos, especial e notadamente sob a perspectiva dos direitos humanos, fazendo a contraposição às críticas formuladas a sua implementação. Quanto à metodologia, o presente estudo foi realizado através de abordagem teórica, exploratória e descritiva, através de pesquisa com observância dos procedimentos bibliográficos, nas plataformas oficiais referenciadas e em repositórios diversos.Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos. Dignidade. Robôs. Inteligência Artificial. Idosos. AbstractThe present work seeks to explore, in a brief way and limited to its scope, the existing relationships between Human Rights, Dignity and Assistance to the elderly performed by robots. With the presentation of introductory and basic concepts of such elements and its prediction in international instruments, it seeks to highlight some of the new technologies that have been developed in the scope of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for the care of those who are in the most advanced stages of their lives, presenting examples of the current stage of such technology. Subsequently, it aims to portray some of the ethical questions formulated about the use of such technology and the concerns that must be considered regarding the privacy, autonomy, identity and freedom of the elderly, trying to assess the repercussions on their Dignity. At the end, it is intended to recognize, as a result, the impact of the use of robots, combined with artificial intelligence, in the care of the elderly, especially and notably from the perspective of human rights, contrasting the criticisms made to their implementation. As for the methodology, the present study was carried out using a theoretical, exploratory and descriptive approach, through research with observance of bibliographic procedures, in the official platforms referenced and in various repositories.Keywords: Human Rights. Dignity. Robots. Artificial Intelligence. Elderlies.
Globalization, market, and money: what roman civilization can teach economic and commercial history
Authors: Blázquez Guillermo Suárez
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study undertakes an interdisciplinary assessment of the economic and legal foundations of the ancient world, and in particular, classical Roman civilization. These constitute the guiding principles of business life and the global business world of today. The importance of this original research initiative is to try and provide universal, solid, and timeless scientific pillars and values in order to reliably understand Economic History and the industrial corporate bodies of our interconnected world.Keywords: Freedom of Market, Financial Instruments, Trade, Contracts and Universal Justice, Limited Liability, Industrial Corporations, Capital Markets, Shares and Corporate Debt. AbstractEste estudo realiza uma avaliação interdisciplinar dos fundamentos econômicos e jurídicos do mundo antigo e, em particular, da civilização romana clássica. Estes fundamentos constituem os princípios orientadores da vida empresarial e do mundo empresarial global de hoje. A importância desta iniciativa original de pesquisa é tentar fornecer pilares e valores científicos universais, sólidos e atemporais, a fim de compreender com confiabilidade a História Econômica e os órgãos corporativos industriais de nosso mundo interconectado.Palavras-chave: Liberdade de Mercado, Instrumentos Financeiros, Comércio, Contratos e Justiça Universal, Responsabilidade Limitada, Empresas Industriais, Mercado de Capitais, Ações e Dívida Corporativa.
Exploration non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria from several lakes in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: NAFISAH WARDATUN , PRABANINGTYAS SITORESMI , WITJORO AGUNG , SAPTAWATI RINA TRITURANI , RODIANSYAH ACHMAD
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Nafisah W, Prabaningtyas S, Witjoro A, Saptawati RT, Rodiansyah A. 2022. Exploration non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria from several lakes in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1752-1758. Potential microorganisms, mainly nitrogen-fixing bacteria spread in almost lake areas in East Java. The biogeochemical processes that occur between biotic-biotic or biotic-abiotic factors can accelerate the growth of autotrophic microorganisms in waters as like microalgae. Non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the water can supply nitrogen to support the growth of microalgae. This study is aimed to explore and calculate the ammonium concentration produced by non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria that isolated from several lakes in East Java. The highest ammonium producing bacteria were characterized based on morphology, physiology, and genetic with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The bacterial isolates were screened with a nitrogen-free bromothymol blue medium to select bacterial isolates capable of fixing nitrogen. The content of NH3/NH4 was produced by isolates of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was measured by using the prodac test kit NH3/NH4. The ammonium concentration was calculated with Nessler’s reagent by using the spectrophotometry method at a wavelength of 425 nm. The result was obtained 31 isolates of non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The bacterial isolate B2 exhibited highest activity of fixing nitrogen that produced ammonium (14.46 mg/L) among the other screened bacteria. The morphological and physiological characterization from that isolate was identified as genus Bacillus, whereas the genetic characterization similar to Bacillus paramycoides, that included in the Bacillus cereus group.
Assessment of macro-faunal diversity of nipa swamp in Bisagu, Aparri, Cagayan, Philippines
Authors: Taguiam Joni Mae B , Bayani Gerlie U , Pacris Jr. Froilan A , Banadero Romar R , Baloloy Marvin V
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Taguiam JMB, Bayani GU, Pacris Jr. FA, Banadero RR, Baloloy MV. 2022. Assessment of macro-faunal diversity of nipa swamp in Bisagu, Aparri, Cagayan, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 1852-1856. Nipa (Nypa fruticans) is one of the most common, widely distributed, and useful trees in the mangrove forest of Southeast Asia. It is being utilized in the production of roof thatching, wine and vinegar, and recent scientific studies have been done for the utilization of nipa sap in the production of bio-ethanol. Moreover, nipa has also contributed ecologically as it acts as a barrier during typhoons and storm surges helps prevent soil erosion along the banks of villages near river areas. The study area is located in barangay Bisagu, Aparri, Cagayan, Philippines where nipa plantation covers 550.51 ha and is utilized by the community. As we all know, mangroves areas as home to aquatic animals thus the study conducted takes on the diversity of macrofaunal species in a nipa-dominated mangrove area. Sampling areas were constructed, the proximal, middle and distal quadrat with 10 m by 10 m dimensions. Species collected in the area yield 11, where 10 is successfully identified and 1 species is not identified. Results showed that macrofaunal species in a nipa-dominated mangrove area show very low diversity. Shannon-wiener diversity index of the community showed a result of only 0.97457 and its equitability at 0.04, which concluded as low species evenness distribution.