bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability in diverse cotton germplasm for drought tolerance
Authors: Asif Muhammad
Published: May 2022

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that significantly reduces seed cotton yield worldwide. Therefore, Drought tolerance is a complex phenomenon that comprises a combination of morphological and physiological parameters which results in the enhancement of drought tolerance in cotton. Therefore, in the present study 150 cotton genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance by planting at two water regimes i.e., normal water and limited water conditions. Data were recorded for morphological and physiological parameters i.e. root fresh length (FRL), shoot fresh length (FSL), lateral root numbers (LRN), root fresh weight (FRW), shoot fresh weight (FSW), shoot dry weight (DSW), weight /length ratio(W), root dry weight (DRW), plant weight (PW), the difference in shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight (SDWR), stomatal conductance (SC), canopy temperature (CT), water potential (WP), osmotic potential (OP) and relative water contents (RWC) at the seedling stage. Principal component analysis (PCA) of seedling at normal water conditions explained PCA1 35.21% and PCA2 15.25% of the total variance. The cluster analysis of the recorded data for the morpho-physiological parameters grouped 150 genotypes into six clusters. First Cluster included 16 cotton genotypes, 2nd cluster having 44, clusters 3, 4, 5, and 6 contains 22, 52, 10, and 6 genotypes respectively. In water stress conditions PCA1 containing 18 cotton genotypes, 2nd cluster having of 32 cotton genotypes, clusters 3, 4, 5, and 6 contain 14, 35, 30, and 21 genotypes, respectively. The use of morpho-physiological seedling traits associated with drought resistance can facilitate breeding strategies to evolve cotton genotypes having tolerance against drought stress in the changing climatic conditions. Screening of available cotton genotypes for drought tolerance in controlled greenhouse conditions can shorten the duration with improvement in efficiency for screening.
Exploiting the potential of weedy rice as value added silage under different nitrogen levels and cutting intervals
Authors: Mubeen Aniqa
Published: May 2022

Weeds, often considered a “menace” are top-notch, adroit survivors having intrinsic value as source of biodiversity and various promising uses as bio-resource. Among other benefits, their use as feed/food source or raw material is still to be explored. Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) a conspecific of rice has rapid growth, ability to uptake more fertilizer and produce large biomass. Lot of efforts are done for its management but little is known about its nutritive value and utilization as feed source for livestock. Therefore, the present study was carried out at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad in 2017 and 2018 to optimize N level and harvesting time for improving growth and silage quality of weedy rice sown as sole crop. Treatments comprised of four N levels viz: 0, 100, 120 and 140 kg ha-1 and harvesting intervals viz. 15, 25 and 35 days after heading (DAH). Weedy rice harvested at different intervals after onset of heading stage was used for making silage and analysed for nutritive value. Results depicted that, maximum plant height, fertile tillers, panicle length, kernels per panicle and LA were obtained with 120 kg ha-1 N and harvesting at 25 DAH during both years, while NDF, ADF, cellulose, and hemicellulose were highest with no fertilizer. Crude protein was highest with N application at 120 kg ha-1 and harvesting at 25 DAH. Highest nitrogen contents in plants, plant biomass, WSC, ash and DM in silage were recorded with 140 kg ha-1 N when harvested at 35 DAH. Weedy rice harvested at 25 DAH with N application at 120 kg ha-1 seems to be better combination for rational use of nutrients, better productivity and improving most of the nutritive traits of whole crop weedy rice silage
Effect of probiotics on growth and health status of Labeo rohita
Authors: Asghar Kinza
Published: May 2022

A feeding trial of 90 days was conducted to check the effect of probiotic on the growth of Labeo rohita. Four different doses of feed T1 (0.5×107), T2 (1 ×107), T3 (1.5×107) and control were formulated. Fish were fed at the @3% body weight, twice a day total of 300 L. rohita having an average weight of 10-15 g were collected from the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Ravi Campus, Pattoki (UVAS) fish ponds. Total 12 aquaria were used and 25 fish in each aquarium were stocked such as control, T1, T2 and T3. Initial weight and length of each fish were recorded before stocking. Water quality parameters were checked daily. On weekly basis weight and length was examined, at the end of the experimental trial; the final weight and length were resulted. Treatment T2 (57.11±0.51) growth parameters were recorded significantly, while T3 (42.28±0.35) and T1 (48.70±0.06) were recorded non-significant. Treatment T1 was a significant result of hematological parameters while T2 and T3 were recorded non-significantly. In all treated groups, the physico-chemical parameters were remained statistically non-significant throughout the experimental trial.
Prevalence of variation among American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) collected from different host plant in Punjab-Pakistan
Authors: Raza Ali
Published: May 2022

American bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) is poly-phagous pest which infects major fiber, pulses and vegetable crops, e.g., cotton, soybean, chickpea, brinjal, tomato, peas, beans, okra, and chili in Pakistan. Farmers use the different dosage of insecticides to control American bollworm on various crops that might be due to the existence of genetically diverse American bollworm population. So, it is essential to explore and get an understanding of this genetic variation existing among American bollworm, feeding on different host plants. The current study was conducted to observe the genetic variation existing among seven American bollworm populations by RAPD-PCR system collected from host plant including cotton, pea, green bean, chili, green chili, tomato and okra. Overall, 210-bands were obtained from thirty RAPD primers, out of these, 34-bands were polymorphic, and 176-bands were monomorphic. PIC values ranged from 0.2149 to 0.5014, with a mean of 0.2838. Genetic similarity ranged from 92.38% (produced by cotton and peas) to 99.52% (produced by chili and green beans) and the genetic distance range from 0.48% to 7.92%. A most important result was the clustering of the population occurring on green bean, chili, green chili, tomato and okra in one cluster. In contrast, the population occurring on cotton and pea were designated separate clusters, respectively. These results showed that population occurring on cotton and pea were most dissimilar to other populations indicating that populations are closely related to each other. There might be an interspecific crossing frequency among these populations.
Soil drenching with Huwa-San TR50 for controlling Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) and Fusarium solani (Marti) causing damping-off disease in tomato Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill)
Authors: Hamed Khalid E.
Published: May 2022

Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani were found to have an association with damping-off and complex wilt and root rot symptoms of tomato seedling plants gathered from various greenhouses in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. The acquired isolates were found virulent enough to attack tomato plants (cv. Tres Cantos) causing complex wilt/rot diseases as well as pre and post emergence of damping-off diseases. These isolates present more virulence in the pathogenicity tests. Huwa-San TR50, a hydrogen peroxide solution that has been stabilized by adding a small amount of silver and has been used extensively as a germicide. Biocide agent Huwa-San TR50 (hydrogen peroxide with 3% silver), was examined for biological control of root wilt/rot and damping-off as well as growth augmentation of tomato plants in vitro and in vivo. The hostile biocide agent hampered growth of the tested morbific fungi and recorded highest inhibited growth in vitro. Under growth chamber condition, all treatments notably decreased root rot/wilt and damping-off intensity and resulted into an increase in the number of surviving plants. Moreover, under growth chamber conditions, these remedies caused an increase in growth parameters (height of plants, and weights when fresh and dry) of the surviving plants which were kept in pots rather than in control conditions. Tomato soil drenching with Huwa-San TR50 in concentration 12000, 14000 and 16000 ppm achieved the ideal results for combating root wilt/rot and damping-off diseases, as well as the highest growth parameters were recorded in growth chamber conditions with the addition of enhanced plant growth and higher yield constituents
Effects of adding different concentrations of Aspergillus Niger inoculant on the quality of mixed rice straw silage
Authors: Xiong Li
Published: May 2022

The objective of the current study was to determine the silage quality of mixed rice straw silage inoculated with different concentration of Aspergillus niger. For this purpose, four experimental treatments were carried out that were based on different concentrations of Aspergillus niger per kilogram of mixed silage (80% straw + 18 wheat bran + 2% sucrose). In treatment 1, 50 mL of Aspergillus niger + 150 mL of sterile water was inoculated on mix rice straw silage (50 MRS), in treatment two, 100 mL of Aspergillus niger + 100 mL of sterile water was inoculated on mix rice straw silage (100 MRS), in treatment three, 150 mL of Aspergillus niger + 50 mL of sterile water was added on mix rice straw silage (150 MRS), while in treatment four, 200 ml of Aspergillus niger inoculant was added on mix rice straw silage (200 MRS). In control group only 200 ml of sterile water was added on mix rice straw silage (0 MRS). In all experimental treatments, the concentration of Aspergillus niger was 5.68 × 106 CFU ·mL-1. After 30 days of ensiling, all the ensiled bags of silage were opened for chemical analysis. The results showed that experimental treatments significantly increased water-soluble carbohydrate contents, dry matter, lactic acid and acetic acid (P<0.05), and reduced the pH and NH3-N/TN contents of mixed silage(P<0.05). The concentration of 100 MRS, 150 MRS, and 200 MRS significantly reduced neutral detergent fiber, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin content of mixed silage (P<0.05). Enzyme activity results explored that carboxymethylcellulase, manganese peroxidase, laccase and xylanase enzyme activity decreased as the time of fermentation time increased. Based on the current study, it could be recommended that 100 MRS could be used to ensile rice straw because it is as efficient as other experimental treatment and it could decrease the cost of ensiling
Non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum contributes in the biological suppression of pea wilt in disease suppressive soil
Authors: Aslam Saman
Published: May 2022

Peas are growing all over the world as a leguminous crop due to high nutrients value. Fusarium wilt of peas is a destructive disease and causing deleterious loses in pea growing regions of the world. The fields were surveyed with disease incidence of Fusarium wilt in major pea growing areas. Fields with heavy pathogen infestation and natural disease suppressive were observed at District Sahiwal, Pakistan. The samples were collected to diagnose the disease and factors responsible in the suppression of disease. The results of soil physio-chemical properties showed no significant differences between diseased and suppressive soils. Pathogenicity assays both in-vitro and pot trial showed that suppressive soil has natural ability to suppress the disease. Furthermore, in-vitro and pot assays were designed with different soil treatments to investigate the factors responsible in the natural disease suppressiveness in suppressive soil. The results demonstrated that the mechanism involved in disease suppressive soil is biotic in nature. All isolated fungal strains from diseased and healthy roots of pea were subjected to biological assays to evaluate the virulence. The assays showed that isolate SAH09 is non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum which was isolated from the pea roots of suppressive soil. Isolate SAH09 was used in dual culturing technique and pot trial to evaluate the mycoparastism behavior against virulent pathogenic isolates SAH03, SAH05 and SAH10. Results concluded that isolate SAH09 of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum has potential to suppress the growth of all isolates of pathogenic Fusarium and possibly play the role in natural disease suppression in suppressive soils
Impact of urban greenspaces on the health of people subjected to different ailments
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Faizan
Published: May 2022

The human population is becoming concentrated in cities worldwide and urban public greenspaces provide the chance to interact with the natural environment having healthy well-being. The lack of the natural environment may have negative effects, this present study focused on getting a perception of the people about the benefits of urban greenspaces. The objective of the study was to investigate the strength of the relationship between greenspaces and common public health. This correlation was examined for sex, age groups, literacy, and economic status in two study sites. The data was collected through a survey of randomly selected respondents in greenspaces. A questionnaire was designed and filled through interviewing the 292 visitors to investigate the role of greenspaces in medicine reduction, overall curative impact in different diseases, and psychological health benefits. The results so obtained were interpreted by SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 19 with a chi-square test. Greenspace seems to be more than just a luxury because they provide a goldmine for population health promotion. Greenspaces provided a positive association between living habitat and perceived common health of the people. They provided the affordable, easily assessable, and reasonable choice for tackling different ailments wiz diabetes, obesity, muscular fatigue, and also added psychological effects in one’s daily life.
Genotoxic assessment of oxadiazon and pendimethalin herbicides on Eisenia hortensis by comet and micronucleus tests
Authors: Ciğerci İbrahim Hakkı
Published: May 2022

Herbicides are chemicals that are widely and unconsciously used to control unwanted weeds. Herbicides do not only damage the target animals, but they also damage the off-target soil fauna. In our study, it was aimed to determine the mutational genotoxic consequences of commonly used Oxadiazon (OD) and Pendimethalin (PM) herbicides in agriculture fields on Eisenia hortensis (E. hortensis) species by using Comet and Micronucleus tests. Consequently, the LD50values for OD and PM herbicides were estimated at0.25 ppm and 0.24 ppm, respectively. Concentration series of OD and PM herbicides, ½ LD50, LD50, and 2 × LD50 were applied to E. hortensis for 48 h. As a negative control group, distilled water was used for both herbicides. An increase inthe concentration of damaged DNA and chromosomal aberration of E. hortensis coelomocytes was observed by both herbicides. Highest DNA damage (32.33 ± 2.51; 15.33 ± 1.15) was observed by the highest concentrations of OD (0.51 ppm) and PM (0.48 ppm), respectively. The negative control group had shown the least genotoxic effects. There was statistically significant (p <0.05) difference among different concentration values of OD and PM herbicides.
Prediction of walking Asymmetry using Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters and Guidance for fall risk Prediction or Geriatric Care: Experimental Study for Indian Population
Authors: Sathe Neha , Hiwale Anil , Ranade Archana
Published: May 2022

Gait analysis allows the quantitative assessment of gait to recognize its associated variation and disorders. The reliability of analysis gets augmented when being compared with standard documented normative dataset. The purpose of this study is to establish the spatiotemporal gait parameters for the normative dataset for Indian Population. Eighty healthy subjects aged between 20 and 70 years with no impairments affecting gait, recorded their Footfall on self-selected walking speed on GAITRite® Electronic walkway. Successive ten iteration of Barefoot and Comfortable (specific to person) shoe wear walk are Considered to generate one record. Mean, standard deviation, coefficient of correlation, 95% Confidence Interval, and 95% Prediction Interval are calculated using descriptive statistics. Healthy Gait is often characterized as symmetric to verify, bilateral spatiotemporal parameters are considered and mean, standard Deviation, Variance, and Min-Max ranges are obtained. Chosen Spatial and temporal characteristics are taken into consideration separately to demonstrate role in diverse test cases to get the result. Obtained singular and bilateral ranges are recorded for classification of Symmetry and Asymmetry and based on that algorithm is proposed for identifying Gait Asymmetry. Study of these ranges provides the guideline for geriatric care.
Sphaeranthus indicus Linn.: A Pharmacological Review
Authors: Shirode Devendra S. , Shevkar Pranav Devidas , Ram Bindurani L G P
Published: May 2022

Sphaeranthus indicus (SI) Linn. belonging to the family Asteraceae, the whole plant as well as various parts of plant widely used for curing various ailments in the Indian traditional system of medicine. This review focused on review of various pharmacological activities of SI such as anxiolytic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, analgesic, antipyretic, hepatoprotective activity, antimicrobial, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, neuroleptic, antiviral, ovicidal, anthelmintic activities, and various other activities. Based on vast medicinal use and preclinical trials of this plant, the reported pharmacological activities of SI are covered in this review for exploring the enormous medicinal potential of this plant.
A Study on the Dietary Consumption Pattern of Adolescents and Intake of High Salt Foods and Frequency of Mealtimes during the Coronavirus Disease-19 Lockdown
Authors: Chobawala Rabab , Sengupta Rupali
Published: May 2022

Background: The lockdown restrictions due to coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 led to increased level of stress and reduced physical activity. The relationship between sodium intake and arterial blood pressure (BP) values in adolescence is well studied. The intake of high-sodium processed foods has increased globally, especially during lockdown. Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the dietary pattern of adolescents during the COVID-19 lockdown and to assess the changes in the consumption pattern of adolescents for high salt foods and the risk of overweight during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methodology: A food frequency questionnaire was prepared to obtain a general idea about the adolescent population’s dietary pattern with relation to high salt foods. Due to the lockdown and social distancing, an online form was created using Google Forms. Seventy-five samples participated in the study and all of them belonged to middle to high socioeconomic status. Results: It was reported that all the subjects added salt in their meals. Adolescents reported consuming 1–3 servings of frozen ready-to-eat foods, papads, pickles, and ready-to-eat packaged foods which are high in sodium content. There was no significant difference observed between salt intake and body mass index (BMI) in the adolescents (P = 0.56), except for the consumption of packaged crisps (P = 0.04). A highly significant correlation was obtained (P = 0.00) between the increase in the frequency of meals and the risk for metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: It was concluded that excess consumption of salt in the long term may cause hypertension and increases the risk of metabolic syndrome. Staying at home and direct access to food during the COVID -19 lockdown has led to the increase in the frequency of meals consumed and which had a direct effect on BMI.
Do Psychological Fear Factors in the Poor Pregnant Women Lead to Anemia?
Authors: John Swapana , Sharma Prakash C.
Published: May 2022

Background: Anemia very specifically iron deficiency anemia remains a threat for the women of reproductive thereby increasing the maternal and neonatal mortality. Besides pregnancy depressions, there are a wide range of psychological fears that run in the minds of pregnant women in Rajasthan altering either their eating pattern or affecting their antenatal care and visits which directly or indirectly become a cause for anemia. Objectives: The aim is to identify the psychological fear factors leading to anemia in the target group. Materials and Methods: Questionnaire-based, descriptive study of the pregnant women at Janana Hospital for their antenatal visits and delivery. Description statistics was applied to come to the inferences. Results: It was found that fear of the pandemic, violence by the intimate partner, fear of girl child, and the taunt arising from the mother having no male kept the pregnant women away from the antenatal care which led to a late diagnosis of anemia. Barrenness and occult practices altered their approach to diet which too became a cause for anemia. Mud eating also had an impact on anemia (picca). Conclusion and Recommendation: Psychological factors have a role in causing anemia during pregnancy. Proper education, awareness programs specially in this pandemic period.
A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Pharmacotherapy of Type II Diabetes in Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital and Private Clinic
Authors: Kumar Kshirsagar Vinay , Mehta Maulin
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a bunch of disorders of metabolism that share the phenotypic sign of hyperglycemia. Different variants of DM are caused due to the interaction of various genetic factors with environmental factors. Materials and Methods: This is prospective, comparative, and observational study. The study was conducted at SMBT Medical Institute and Research Centre Dhamangaon Nashik and private Diabetic clinic. Each center was 50 purposive sampling. Inclusion Criteria: All those patients who are diagnosed with Type II Diabetes and age of 18 years and above belonging to either gender were included in the study. Exclusion Criteria: Patients who are not willing to sign the informed consent were excluded from the study. Those individuals who are having Type I diabetes and suffering from co-morbid conditions such as hypertension, hyperthyroidism, and immune deficiency syndrome were excluded. Results: In our study, results revealed that mono and combination therapies for the treatment of type II DM. The present study revealed that most of the physicians initially prescribed mono therapy (25%) includes Metformin/Glibenclamide/Glimepiride/Gliclazide to control hyperglycemia followed by dual therapy (35%) FDC of Metformin + Pioglitazone/Metformin + Glipizide/Metformin + Glimepiride/Metformin + Saxagliptin/Metformin + Voglibose and triple therapy (40%) includes Metformin + Glimepiride + Pioglitazone in group A. In Group B, mono therapy (35%) and triple therapy (35%) were used more commonly over dual therapy (30%) to control hyperglycemic. Conclusion: Hence, while comparing between tertiary care versus private care hospital, Group A: Biguanide: Metformin and Sulfonylureas: Glibenclamide, Glipizide, Gliclazide, and Glimepiride was most commonly prescribed drug. In Group B: Dapagliflozin (Sodium-glucose co-transport-2 inhibitors) and Teneligliptin: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors were most commonly used in private hospital.
Assessment of Prescription Pattern of Drugs Prescribed in the Outpatient Department of a Private Orthopedic Hospital – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gujar Amol , Gulecha Vishal , Zalte Amar
Published: May 2022

Background: Drug utilization research (DUR) is vital in the health sector as it offers insight into the efficacy of drug use. The findings of DUR studies can help set goals for the rational use of drugs and health-care funds distribution. Objective: The objective of this DUR study was to evaluate the prescription pattern of drugs prescribed in the outpatient department (OPD) of a private orthopedic hospital. Settings and Design: The study was a cross-sectional, prospective, and observational study conducted at the OPD of a private orthopedic hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out over a 6-month duration (from October 2020 to March 2021) at the OPD of a private orthopedic hospital and studied 609 prescriptions using the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended prescribing indicators. Statistical Analysis Used: Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 26.0 were used to capture and analyze the data of the study. Results: A total of 3082 drugs were prescribed in 609 prescriptions. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 5.1 (SD = 1.9). Drugs prescribed using generic name of the drug were 2.6%, the encounters with an antibiotic and an injection prescribed were 39.4% and 7.1%, respectively. The drugs prescribed from the essential drugs list were 38.9%. In addition, vitamins and supplements (32.1%) were prescribed the most followed by analgesics (24.2%) and antacids (16.6%). Conclusions: The study highlighted the inadequate compliance with the WHO recommended prescribing indicators and suggested a need to train physicians and spread awareness about writing rational prescriptions, benefitting the patient.
Assessment of In vivo Antidiabetic Activity of Adenanthera pavonina (Fabaceae) Extract in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Kolhe Rohini C. , Chaudhari Rajesh Y. , Patil Vijay R.
Published: May 2022

Objective: Adenanthera pavonina is a deciduous tree commonly used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as boils, epilepsy, blood disorders, seizures, inflammation, and rheumatism. However, the use of this plant extract lacks scientific validation as to its effectiveness. Materials and Methods: This study aimed to investigate the in vivo antidiabetic activity of the methanolic extract of A. pavonina leaves in alloxanized diabetic rats. The preliminary phytochemical screening was performed. The antidiabetic property was evaluated by oral administration of plant extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight and by profiling blood glucose levels at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days using a glucometer. Results: The phytochemical screening reveals the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins, proteins, amino acids, and steroids. The blood glucose level of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of plant extract on day 21 of the study was 188.41 ± 8.46 mg/dL and 182.01 ± 9.21 mg/dL, respectively, compared to the diabetic control 291.01 ± 10.25 mg/dL. Conclusion: The methanolic extract from the leaves of A. pavonina showed dose-dependent antidiabetic activity in alloxanized diabetic rats. The results suggest that the plant extract has significant (P < 0.01) antidiabetic activity.
To Assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Medical Professionals toward Antibiotics
Authors: Mittal Palka , Watal Anmolika , Aggarwal Gaurav , Bhardwaj Sanjay
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Antibiotics are wonderful drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases but are in danger because of a reduction in their efficacy. Antibiotic resistance is becoming a public health problem worldwide. There is number of contributing factors that are responsible for antibiotic resistance. Physicians play a vital role in antibiotic usage and prescribing practices. In the present study, we will assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of medical professionals of Hisar and Mahindergarh District of Haryana, India for antibiotics. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on medical professionals who are prescribing antibiotics through survey conducted via mail. Results: The study received 100% responses from all the participants. Among which 41% are prescribing antibiotic on 1st day of investigation and 77% are using broad-spectrum antibiotics. Although they have proper knowledge of resistance still the practicing antibiotics is not that much good. There is a lack of policy related to antibiotic usage. All respondents are in favor of eliminating self-medication and excess use of antibiotics. Conclusion: The knowledge of antibiotic usage and resistance is good but still, there is a gap between knowledge and prescription practices. There is a need for a policy for antibiotic usage and a general awareness program for common people.
Patient’s Perspective on Barriers and Facilitators in Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tripathi Divya , Anjali  , Rathi Komal , Tiwari Pooja
Published: May 2022

Objective: The purpose of this review is to summarize existing knowledge regarding various barriers and facilitators in the management of Type 2 diabetes from the perspective of patients. Method: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted which included three sources PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, and studies from 1997 to 2021 were included. Around 1687 papers were screened and 46 studies were included in the final analysis. Result: Three major areas of barriers and facilitators in Type 2 diabetes management were identified: Individual factors: factors which are emerging due to a patient’s personal ability to take care of type 2 diabetes (adherence to diet, physical activity, self-monitoring of blood glucose, medication adherence, psychological factors: this includes emotional factors, beliefs and attitude of patients. Organizational factors: it includes diabetes education factors, economic constraints and health care provider’s issues and social factors: this includes factors associated with family, friends, and others social issues. Conclusion: Identifying barriers to diabetes management is vital to improve the quality of care of diabetes patients, including the improvement of glycemic control, and diabetes self-management. Further research which considers these barriers and facilitators are necessary for developing interventions for individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Role of Glycoinformatics in Biomedical Research: A Review
Authors: Malhotra Renuka
Published: May 2022

Glycans and their physiological receptors – lectins and glycoconjugates, participate in many crucial biological processes such as cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, adhesion, signaling, differentiation, and development and therefore glycans may serve as identification molecules to the surrounding world. Advancements in the field of glycoinformatics have made it possible to analyze and synthesize glycans, thus helping in production of carbohydrate-based drugs. The results obtained with the use of bioinformatics in the field of study of carbohydrate moieties will be helpful in the treatment of various diseases. Therefore, the present review highlighted the various databases used in the glycoinformatics study and their implications in statistical analysis of glycan databases help to plan glycan synthesis experiments.
Phytochemical Characterization of Mundulea sericea Leaf Extracts and Analysis of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities
Authors: Gangadevi S. , Viswanathan P. , Kalimuthu K. , Chinnadurai V.
Published: May 2022

Many developing countries are focusing on the plant-based drug for various human diseases for less or no side effects, low cost and are easily available. Hence, we need to find the new phytochemicals and their biological activities. For this reason, the present study was designed to screen the phytochemical constituents of various solvent-based leaf extracts of Mundulea sericea for antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Through preliminary phytochemical qualitative screening, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) spectrum analysis with standard procedures, phytochemical analysis of M. sericea leaf hexane (MSLH), M. sericea leaf petroleum ether (MSLPE), M. sericea leaf chloroform (MSLC), M. sericea leaf ethyl acetate (MSLEA), M. sericea leaf ethanol (MSLE), M. sericea leaf methanol (MSLM) extracts was studied. Further, MSLE extract was examined for free radical scavenging of DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide antioxidant methods and also evaluated antidiabetic activity by α-amylase and α-glucosidase assays. As a result of the phytochemical analysis, several phytochemical compounds were identified. Among the extracts, MSLE and MSLM extracts contain more secondary metabolites than other extracts. Furthermore, those secondary metabolites chemical compound constituents were identified through FTIR and GC–MS spectrum analysis. At a higher concentration, MSLE extract showed good antioxidant activity which is similar to the one found in standard antioxidant tests. The maximum antioxidant activity was reported in nitric oxide (79.37%) at 250 μg/ml concentration. Furthermore, MSLE extracts were showed good antidiabetic activity in α-glucosidase (70.70%) at 500 μg/ml concentration. As per the study, MSLE extract has effective phytochemical constituents and also acts as a novel antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. Further, investigation is needed to confirm ethanol extract as a novel therapeutic drug.
Effect of Resisted Sprint versus Plyometric Training on Leg Strength of Male Sprinters
Authors: Ajithkumar L. , Gnanaraj M. Augustine
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of resisted sprint (RS) versus plyometric training (PT) on the leg strength of male sprinters. To achieve the purpose of the study the researcher selected thirty intercollegiate level male sprinters as subjects. They were divided into three equal groups of ten sprinters. Group-I performed RS training (n = 10), Group-II performed PT (n = 10), and Group-III acted as control (n = 10). The age of the selected subjects was ranged from 18 to 22 years. The statistical procedure was “t-test” and percentage changes were used Further, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine the significant difference existing between pretest and posttest on stride frequency. When the obtained “F ratio” value in the ANCOVA test was significant the Scheffe’s test was applied as a post hoc test to determine the paired mean differences if any. The results showed that twelve weeks of RS and PT considerably improved the leg strength of the male sprinters, whereas PT was significantly better than RS training. The result produced a 3.71% percentage of changes in leg strength due to RS training and 7.44% of changes due to PT.
Digital Marketing of Health Care Product and its Impact on Coronavirus Disease-19
Authors: Leeanju R. , Senthilkumar K.
Published: May 2022

“It is health that is real wealth and not pieces of gold and silver.” -Mohandas K. GandhiIn this article, corona virus affected on global level has thrown many challenges to faced by many sectors and business. It has surprised the economies of developed, underdeveloped and developing countries. In such challenging times some businesses have edge over other businesses like telecom, internet service providers, pharmacy companies, unorganized retail, health sector and etc. This paper is conceptual nature and shows digital marketing and highlights. Digital Marketing is spreading awareness about the pandemic through their promotional campaign and marketers are heavily promoting online channels, online media for consumption and deferred payment systems using creative digital marketing strategies. This research paper show some highlights on current digital marketing trends and the effect of coronavirus disease-19 on company’s marketing strategies and activities, also reveal some common marketing strategies adopted by renowned companies like digital marketing, social media marketing, email marketing, 4Ps of marketing, advertisements. Digital marketing has breathed a new life in the healthcare industry by strengthening the visibility of your hospitality services in the online space. Through digital marketing, you can reach out to patients and healthcare aspirants worldwide, build trust among the audience, and expand the growth of your healthcare services.
Action Research on Advocating Use of Fortified Foods in the Free-Living Population of Urban Vadodara using Diffusion of Innovation Model
Authors: Ahuja Ria , Sheth Mini
Published: May 2022

Worldwide, unaffordable healthy diets, dependability over staple food items, and lack of knowledge have been the major cause of malnutrition. Government programs, promoting dietary diversity and supplementation have not given promising results in improving the micronutrient status of the population. Government of India, along with Food Safety and Standards Authority of India have chosen five vehicles, namely, rice, wheat flour, salt, milk, and oil for the fortification process to combat the micronutrient deficiency. Fewer studies aimed at creating advocacy about fortified foods among the free living population and stake holders. The present study undertook the advocacy for fortified foods amongst the free living population using the Diffusion of Innovation Model (DIM) for the purchase of fortified foods. An E- Intervention using graphics, audios and videos were given to the participants on WhatsApp for 1 month. The results in the study have shown significant difference in the awareness, perception and purchase of fortified foods for all the five staples post intervention, which provides enough evidence that the proposed strategy for creating awareness and promoting purchase of fortified foods amongst the selected participants was highly effective. Use of different E-communication channels can be used by researchers at large for creating the awareness about the safe consumption of fortified foods. Besides this, conducive environment is needed for fortification program to be a success, which will ensure the proper supply and demand to make the food fortification program viable.
Ayurveda: A Boon in Pandemics
Authors: Sapra Kavita , Sapra Ashu , Sharma Rupali , Kakkar Saloni , Bajaj Ridhi , Jangra Ashwani
Published: May 2022

Population around the world is dealing with an unrivalled pandemic of viral disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 leading to severe acute respiratory syndrome. The novel coronavirus has affected people worldwide with more than 1.43 million confirmed cases and 82,100 deaths as per data recorded on April 8, 2020. The pandemic has elevated the distress in common people including the psychological conditions with symptoms such as depression and anxiety. The psychological distress is linked with variation in the functioning of immunological responses including high level risk for viral infections of the upper respiratory tract. The extent of pandemic requires exploration of traditional as well as modern knowledge systems obtainable worldwide. Use of traditional Chinese Medicinal system in Wuhan for the treatment of patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has set an example illustrating the efficiency of traditional ways of healthcare as an addition in treatment of patients of COVID-19. In India, Ayurveda is medicine system with historical roots encouraged by Government of India as “immune booster regime.” Implementation of Ayurvedic knowledge and administration of Ayurvedic dosages with the present scientific studies on related clinical settings is an efficient plan for intervention in India for the treatment of patients suffering from COVID-19. In accordance to severity of symptoms and stage of infection among the patients, Ayurvedic dose regime can be administered in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Implementation of Ayurvedic medicinal system will ease learning and develop evidence as we cannot combat the reality that there is no evidence-based treatment for COVID-19. Therefore, Ayurvedic system of medicine should be implemented immediately to abate the impact of pandemic in terms of diminishing both psychological distress and risk of infection. Development of such elucidatory models will shed the light on the effectiveness of traditional medicines and medical practices during disease surges and could aid the symbiosis between traditional and modern medicinal system.
Evaluation of Antihelminthic Activity of Bixa orellana
Authors: Das Swastiprava , Marndi Sugimani , Biswal Susanta Kumar , Baro Tikendrajit , Singh Ramesh , Devi Rajkumari Supriya , Choudhury Rikina , Kumar Sanjeet
Published: May 2022

Intestinal worms are common problems in remote and rural areas of India. The communities of remote areas use some wild plants to treat intestinal worms. Among them, Bixa orellana is a monogenic plant of family Bixaceae, popularly known as lipstick tree or Annatto and locally called as Sinduri. It is traditionally used to kill the intestinal worms, results revealed that seeds of B. orellana possess diverse secondary metabolites such as tannin and phenolic compounds which might be responsible to kill the worms. Antihelminthic activity showed that seed extracts (aqueous, acetone, methanol, and ethanol) were effective against Eisenia fetida. Keeping the traditional uses of Sinduri against stomach worm and to reduce the side effects of synthetic drugs, the present experiment has been designed.
Post-operative Reduction in Intraocular Pressure after Small Incision Surgery
Authors: Khan Shagil , Khan R. S.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: This study aims to compare pre-operative and post-operative intraocular pressure (IOP) after small incision cataract surgery (SICS). Materials and Methods: A total of 120 eyes of as many patients above the age of 40 years were operated for cataract through SICS. IOP was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively on 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months with Goldmann applanation tonometer. The above data were statistically analyzed using paired “t-test.” Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in IOP after SICS as compared to mean pre-operative IOP. IOP decline started at 1 week, decreasing further at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months, respectively. Conclusion: IOP starts to decrease significantly after SICS at 1 week and keeps on decreasing till 3 months.
Choice of Place of Delivery during COVID-19 Pandemic: Observation from a Community-Based Survey in Rural India
Authors: Ghosh Atanu , Nath Runa , Islam Nazmul
Published: May 2022

For the past two decades, India has made considerable improvement in health indicators and the country was on the right track toward achieving sustainable development goal-3 by 2030. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the health-care system including the essential health services for mother and child. This study was carried out to understand the barriers for utilization of institutional delivery and its prevalence during the pandemic in rural West Bengal. A total of 318 number of women from 18 sampled villages of Canning II block of South 24 Parganas district were interviewed face to face using a semi-structured interview schedule between October and November 2020. The data were analyzed using Stata and NVivo 12 Pro software. Findings show that more than one-fourth (27.3%) of the deliveries took place at home without any assistance of medical professionals. Fear and anxiety related to COVID-19, uncertain service availability, poor service quality during the pandemic, and lack of supporting hands at households compelled women to choose home delivery instead of institutional delivery. Those delivered at institutions, many of them were released on the day of delivery itself, which resulted poor perinatal care even in the cases of institutional delivery. The findings recommend that in addition to COVID-19 related health services, essential maternal and child health services should be continued with the quality to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.
Efficacy of Diet Consultation through Online and Offline Platforms to COVID Inpatients and Non-COVID Outpatients
Authors: George Manju P. , Kalpana C. A.
Published: May 2022

Current pandemic has brought technological advancements in nutrition intervention methods and diet consultations, which was taken into consideration for analyzing the efficacy of different approaches. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of diet consultation through online and offline platforms to COVID inpatients and non-COVID outpatients and to understand the impact of consultation methods on the dietary intake of patients. Retrospective data from a tertiary care multispecialty hospital in Central Kerala were collected after obtaining ethical clearance. Online diet recall of COVID inpatients (n=302, follow-up n=277) and non-COVID outpatients (n=14, follow-up n=5) through telephonic, e-mail, and WhatsApp and offline or direct consultation for outpatients (n=298, follow-up n=28) were conducted and data collected. ANOVA with a Greenhouse-Geisser correction or sphericity assumption, post hoc tests using the Bonferroni correction, standard deviation, significance test using p-value, and percentage analyses were the statistical parameters used for the study. The results revealed that proper diet consultation and follow-up may bring about changes in nutritional status of all categories of patients. Online method was more consistent in follow-up when compared to offline method. During COVID period, patients opting for online diet consultation increased. Both COVID inpatients and non-COVID outpatients who were consistent with online follow-up were showing significant nutritional changes and those who had offline consultation lacked regular follow-up. Digital health intervention measures have more scope than conventional methods in the current pandemic.
Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Community Pharmacists about Generic Medicines: A Pilot Observational Study
Authors: Lalia Kirandip , Kumari Sweta , Pal Biplab
Published: May 2022

Background: Healthcare expenses are increasing at an alarming rate. Companies usually increase the cost of their brands to compensate drug development process. But it is very difficult for the poor to afford such expensive medicines. Here, generic drugs come into play to act as the best substitute for various brands after patent expiry. Community pharmacist plays a major role in promoting generic drug utilization and performs generic substitution wherever possible to reduce healthcare expenditures.Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude, and perception of community pharmacists towards generic drugs.Methods: This study was conducted in Jalandhar city of Punjab, India. A total of 60 community pharmacists were involved in this observational study. A questionnaire was designed which consisted of total 25 objective-type questions and divided into three sections. The pharmacists’ responses were recorded and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) version 16.Result: Out of 60 participants, most pharmacists (90%) were male and Diploma in Pharmacy holder. The mean (±SD) knowledge score was 6.4 (±3.7). The majority (46.7%) of participants agreed that generic drug substitution is a good practice. But some participants had a wrong perception about the quality of generic drugs; around 30% agreed that generic drugs are cheaper due to inferior quality.Conclusion: Overall, participants have basic knowledge and a positive attitude towards generic drugs. However, some participants have misconceptions about the quality of generic drugs. Therefore, pharmacists must have in-depth information to promote generic drug utilization and substitution to reduce healthcare expenses.