bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increased memory phenotypes of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in children with sickle cell anaemia in Tanzania
Authors: Balandya Emmanuel , Reynolds Teri , Aboud Said , Obaro Stephen , Makani Julie
Published: June 2021

Background: Infection is an important cause of morbidity in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA). However, little is currently known regarding the spectrum of adaptive immune derangement in SCA, especially of populations in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we investigated the phenotype and activation status of T and B lymphocytes among children with SCA in Tanzania.Methods: We compared 30 children with SCA aged 1–6 years in steady-state with 10 age-matched controls. We assessed white blood cell count, T and B lymphocyte phenotype and activation status using an automated haematology analyser and multiparameter Flow Cytometry.Results: In children with SCA, the absolute lymphocyte, monocyte and granulocyte counts were all increased. There was also an increase in proportion of central/transitional memory (42.4% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.0100), effector memory (7.8% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.0086) and terminally differentiated (2.3% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.0355) CD4+ T cells as well as effector memory CD8+ T cells (21.3% vs. 11.5%, p = 0.0060) in children with SCA. In contrast, there was no difference in naïve, classical memory, atypical memory and IgM memory B-cells between the two groups. The level of activation of both T and B cells were comparable between children with and without SCA. Furthermore, we observed a significant inverse correlation between frequency of the effector memory CD8+ T cells and haematocrit (Spearman rho = -0.3859, p = 0.0352). Conclusions: Children with SCA in Tanzania show an absolute increase in all leukocyte types, including lymphocytes, with skewing of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells towards the memory phenotypes. These findings provide insights on the development of adaptive immunity which may have implications on vaccine responsiveness, allo-immunisation, auto-immune diseases and transplant immunology in children with SCA.
Stagnating maternal mortality in Tanzania: what went wrong and what can be done
Authors: Shoo Rumishael S. , Mboera Leonard E.G. , Ndeki Sydney , Munishi Gaspar
Published: June 2021

Background: This paper presents and analyses the trend of maternal mortality ratio in Tanzania against major events, policy, economic and political decisions which may have influenced this trend. The impact of several initiatives related to Health Systems Strengthening are discussed and alternative strategies for effective maternal mortality reduction in Tanzania are proposed.Methods: We reviewed data and information published on maternal mortality and relevant political decisions, policies programmes and guidelines on maternal and new-born for Tanzania from 1990 to 2016. We examined the timeline of economic development, political decisions and other major events going back 5-10 years before the possible stagnation of maternal mortality decline.Results: This period coincides with the Health Sector Reforms which included among other things the introduction of user fees, reintroduction of private practice, staff retrenchment, widening inequalities and growing poverty. Health service factors include persistent low coverage and utilization of basic emergency obstetric care services. To address these gaps, we propose strengthening rights-based approaches in maternal health programming with political, financial and performance accountabilities at all levels. Introducing these will themselves help with improvement of the quality of care and address the issues of equity by reaching even the poorest households. We further propose application of process indicators to monitor maternal care services. Skilled care should be adopted as the single most important indicator for improving emergency obstetric care. There is need to review the legal and policy framework on task shifting to allow nurses to deliver the seven signal functions and Assistant Medical Officers to deliver Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care.Conclusion: We conclude that greater effort needs to be put in designing heath strengthening systems that address more the demand side of health systems strengthening as opposed to current efforts which are largely supply oriented.
Prevalence of malocclusion and its associated factors among pre-schoolchildren in Kinondoni and Temeke Districts, Tanzania
Authors: Mtaya Matilda , Brudvik Pongsri , Åstrøm Anne N.
Published: June 2021

Background: Malocclusion is any deviation in the arrangement of teeth exceeding the standards of normal occlusion characterized by anomalies within the dental arches. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and its associated factors among pre-school children in Kinondoni and Temeke Districts in Tanzania.Methods: This cross sectional survey of children aged 3-5 years was conducted in Kinondoni and Temeke Districts in Tanzania. T Parents of pre-schoolchildren were interviewed regarding their socio-demographic details and their child’s sucking habits. Clinical examination was performed to each child to assess malocclusions.Results: The overall prevalence of malocclusion was 32.5%. In bivariate analysis, sucking habit was the significant factor associated with malocclusions. After controlling for socio-demographic variables, current sucking habits and sex remained significant determinants for having an open bite with odds ratios of 13.5 and 2.2, respectively.Conclusion: The study showed that more than one third of pre-schoolchildren in the two districts had one or more forms of malocclusions. Open bite was the most common vertical malocclusion trait which was significantly related to sucking habits and child’s sex. Thus, 3-5 year-olds can benefit from preventive and interceptive oral health measures which may either totally prevent or lessen the development of severe forms of malocclusions later in their lives.
Intimate partner violence among HIV infected and uninfected pregnant women delivering at a National Hospital in Tanzania: using a modified screening tool
Authors: Kidanto Hussein L. , Mgaya Andrew H. , Essen Birgitta
Published: June 2021

Background: Worldwide Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health problem, affecting all women and vulnerable groups such as HIV-infected women. This study aimed to test the applicability of assessment of IPV using a simple screening tool, among women giving birth at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania, to estimate the prevalence and severity of IPV among HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women, and to assess the odds of IPV among both groups of women.Methods: A questionnaire including screening questions was applied to women delivered at Muhimbili National Hospital to identify those that experienced IPV. Demographics, HIV status, male partner’s alcohol use and sexual behaviour data were also collected. Mean age and proportions of IPV in different groups were calculated. Odds of IPV were estimated using univariate logistic regression.Results: Majority of women (69%) experienced emotional or physical violence, and 31% experienced sexual violence. Sixty-five percent reported a lifetime prevalence of physical, emotional or sexual violence. Majority (82%) of partners of women that experienced IPV were reported as almost solely offenders in sexual violence rather than in emotional or physical violence (44%). Most participants (88%) experienced repeated emotional and physical violence. Regardless of offenders, repeated sexual violence in the preceding year (85%) was more common than physical violence (47%). Experience of IPV in HIV-positive women was comparable to the HIV-negative counterparts.Conclusion: A simple proposed tool detected women experienced IPV before and during pregnancy but found comparable rates of violence between HIV positive and negative women.
Prevalence and factors associated with late antenatal care visit among pregnant women in Lushoto, Tanzania
Authors: Njiku Flora , Wella Herman , Sariah Adellah , Protas Joyce
Published: June 2021

Background: Adequate utilization of antenatal health care services is associated with improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The World Health Organization recommends pregnant women to attend antenatal care services as early as in the first trimester. However, many women due to various reasons fail to meet the recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with late antenatal booking among pregnant women in Lushoto district of north-eastern Tanzania.Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study involved pregnant women and was conducted in August-September 2015. A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain participants demographic characteristics and obstetrics history. Data analysis was done using (SPSS) and relationship between outcome variables and exposure variable was done using Chi-square test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to measure the association.Results: A total of 240 participants were involved in the study.  Out of these, 169 (70.4%) participants booked late for antenatal care (ANC) services. Delayed booking was mainly associated with not being married (AOR=3.08; 95%CI 1.149-8.275; P value=0.025) and unemployment (AOR=4.28; 95% CI 2.11-8.679; p-value=0.000)Conclusion:  Late first antenatal clinic visit was high in Lushoto, and was highly associated with unmarried and unemployment status. Therefore, provision of continuous health education and community sensitization on the importance of timely seeking ANC services should be strengthened.
Association between serum transferrin receptor levels and malaria recurrence in a malaria endemic area in Tanzania
Authors: Dosajee Ummehani , Athanase Emmanuel , Minja Linda , Ibrahim Pendo , Kabanyana Claudia , Mwanziva Charles , Horumpende Pius , Chilongola Jaffu
Published: June 2021

Background: The relationship between body iron levels and malaria presents a complex interaction that provide variable and contradicting results. We designed a study to investigate associations between concentrations of biomarkers of body iron and malaria recurrence among children.Methods: We conducted a longitudinal descriptive community based study in a malaria endemic area in north- eastern Tanzania. The study involved 428 children of ≤5 years of age who were positive for malaria. Over a period of 6 months, sick children visited the study clinic for screening of malaria and measurement of iron storage biomarkers by serological assays. Correlations between levels of biomarkers and malaria was determined by Spearman correlations and Mann-Whitney U-Test. Associations between malaria recurrence and serum levels of iron biomarkers were determined by odds ratio (OR) with significance cut-off points of <0.15 in univariate and <0.05 in multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results: Only serum Transferrin Receptor (sTfR) levels had a positive correlation with malaria recurrence. When Mann-Whitney U test was used higher Hepcidin, sTfR and Leptin levels were significantly associated with malaria recurrence when malaria incidence was grouped into ‘once’ versus ‘more than once’. When malaria incidence was recategorised to ‘up to twice’ versus ‘more than twice’, only higher level of sTfR was associated with recurrence of malaria. With univariate regression analysis, only sTfR was found to be significantly associated with malaria recurrence, although this associated was not observed in Multivariate analyses.Conclusion: Despite the absence of association in multivariate analyses, univariate analyses suggest elevated levels of sTFR as a likely predictor of Plasmodium falciparum re-infection.
Demographic data of patients with β-thalassemia major recorded in the electronic system in the north of Iran, 2016
Authors: Kosaryan Mehrnoush , Karami Hossein , Darvishi-Khezri Hadi , Akbarzadeh Rozita , Aliasgharian Aily , Bromand Khadijeh
Published: June 2021

Background: Major thalassemia prevention project in Iran began in 1997. Mazandaran Province in northern Iran took effective steps in preventing the birth of patients with thalassemia major in the country. We report on the demographic status of patients with thalassemia major registered in the electronic system of Mazandaran Province in Iran.Methods: The web-based application of the Mazandaran Thalassemia Registry (THRegistry) was designed based on the Net Framework platform in VB.Net and the 2014Sql Server database. The information source included clinical records in 14 thalassemic wards of the Mazandaran province hospitals. Epidemiological data of patients and date of transfusion, blood group, educational status, employment, marital status and having children were recorded.Results: The study population was 1,725 patients including 889 (51.5%) women and 836 (48.5%) men with a mean age of 30±9.6 years. A total of 188 patients born have been identified after the launch of the country's disease prevention plan in 1997. Prenatal diagnosis (PND) services were not used in 99 cases, PND result was mistaken in 6 other cases and in the remaining 5 cases PND was performed. A total of 1,314 patients (76.2%) were blood transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT). Mean haemoglobin level in male and female patients was 9.4±6.3 and 9.01±5.1/100 g/dl, respectively. The mean age of onset of transfusion was 4±6.3 years. A total of 382 cases (22.1%) of married patients had a child of their own.Conclusions: The system is a good resource to design descriptive and cohort studies, survival studies, therapeutic planning, and observation of the success of the major thalassemia prevention project.
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and multidrug resistance ındex in Pseudomonas aeruginosa among clinical isolates in Denizli, Turkey
Authors: Kırac Selma , Keskin Dilek , Yarar Muradiye
Published: June 2021

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important hospital infection agent causing morbidity and mortality with the ability to gain resistance to many antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity profiles of nosocomial P.aeruginosa isolates in Denizli, Turkey.Methods: A total 120 P. aeruginosa strains which were isolated from specimens sent to the microbiology laboratory between January 2015 and December 2015 were investigated. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by agar disc diffusion method using Mueller-Hinton agar according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations.Results: With respect to sensitivity pattern, the most sensitive antimicrobials were  Amikacin, colistin, tobramisin, netilmicin and gentamicin  and the resistance rates were detected as 97%, 96%, 92%, 90%, 83%, respectively over 120 P. aeruginosa strains. The sensitivity rates for the other antimicrobials were 56% for Piperacilin and 54% for Tazobactam. P. aeruginosa strains 62 (52%) isolates showed multiple antimicrobial resistance to 13 antimicrobialsConclusion: To prevent the spread of the resistant bacteria, it is critically important to have strict antimicrobial policies while surveillance programmes for multidrug resistant organisms and infection control procedures need to be implemented. In the meantime, it is desirable that the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens like P. aeruginosa in specialized clinical units to be continuously monitored and the results readily made available to clinicians so as to minimize the development of resistance.
Comparison of Mortality by Gender and Regions in Tanzania using Direct Standardized Death Rates (DSDR) Method
Authors: Kibona Shadrack E. , Mbotwa Christopher H.
Published: June 2021

Background: Comparison of mortality is very useful in assessing population health. Crude rates can easily be computed from the mortality but they are not good for comparison across groups of the population. The aim of this paper was to compare mortality in Tanzania by region and gender using the 2012 Tanzania Population and Housing Census.

Methods: Age-specific death rates for regions, Tanzania Mainland, Tanzania Zanzibar and entire Tanzania were obtained from Mortality and Health monograph data downloadable from the National Bureau of Statistics website. The direct standardization method was used to compare the mortality for male and female populations across all regions of Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar.

Results: Findings show that the mortality is low in Arusha, Manyara, and Kilimanjaro compared to other regions in Tanzania mainland implying that health status for both male and female population in those regions is better than the other regions while it is the worst in Njombe, Iringa, and Kagera implying the poor health status for those regions as compared to the rest regions in Tanzania Mainland. In Tanzania Zanzibar, high mortality was observed in Kusini Unguja and the lowest in Kaskazini Unguja for both male and female populations. By national wise and for almost all regions, the mortality for the male population is higher than that for the female population.

Conclusion: Direct standardization methods can save as the best way for comparing mortality because it takes into consideration both the population at risk and the age structure. However, in estimating mortality, crude death rates should be used to give the magnitude while direct standardized death rates should be used for comparison purposes.
Niveles de estrés en militares en servicio pasivo de la asociación de militares en servicio pasivo de las FF.AA. “Veteranos de guerra y anexos” de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, durante el periodo del 2020-2021
Authors: Cedeño-Cedeño Hernán , Ordóñez-Tixe Lenín
Published: June 2021

n la profesión de militar se está en un constante contacto con diversos factores estresantes, por el mismo hecho de pertenecer a una organización que busca la rigidez, adoctrinamiento y obediencia al momento de realizar diversas actividades, más aún, cuando los militares participan en guerra, como es el caso de la población estudiada que participaron en la Guerra del CENEPA, deben afrontar y resolver por si mismos el estrés desarrollado, el mismo que produce afectaciones biopsicosociales. Para esta investigación se utilizó el inventario de estrés de Melgosa, en el mismo que participaron 87 militares en servicio pasivo. Podemos apreciar que en los militares de servicio pasivo mayores de 60 años de edad presentan en su mayor parte un estrés bajo, por otro lado, los que tienen menos de 60 años de edad presentan en mayor medida un estrés normal. Respondiendo a los resultados, se puede concluir que se percibe en la población mayor de 60 años de edad un resalte del 48% se encuentra en la zona 2 que representa un nivel bajo de estrés, mientras que los sujetos menores a 60 años de edad sobresale en la zona 3 denominando un nivel normal de estrés, con un 54% de la población, es decir, de manera general no se percibe un estrés en gran medida, sin embargo, se debe tener presente que en un menor porcentaje existen militares que necesitan de un profesional de la salud mental, para poder continuar en su vida laboral con un buen rendimiento e incluso que no se vea afectado ningún parámetro de su vida.

Palabras clave: militares, estrés, salud mental, investigación, psicología.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health
Authors: Koci Donart , Morina Festina , Hoxhaj Fatlinda , Ukëhaxhaj Antigona
Published: June 2021

Infection with the new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The virus that causes COVID-19 spreads easily among humans and more continues to be detected over time as to how it spreads. The effect that this crisis will have on the mental health of the population, both in the short and long term, is unknown. In the acute phase, fears of possible exposure to infection, loss of employment, and financial strain are likely to increase psychological distress in the wider population. In the long run, grief and trauma are likely to appear as financial and social impacts become ingrained, the risk of depression and suicide may increase. Lack of hugs, handshakes, free movement and isolation have made it impossible for people to socialize and behave normally with each other. Anxiety, fear, insecurity and lack of self-confidence are some of the main problems that people faced during quarantine and that they may face after the release of the measures. The purpose of this paper is to prove how much the Pandemic and the situation with COVID-19 have affected the mental health of the population in the city of Prizren and Gjakova. Quantitative study method was used for the realization of this work. This paper is based on the data extracted from the questionnaire completed together with the citizens of the municipalities of Prizren and Gjakova. For the realization of this scientific research are involved 200 citizens. Age groups, gender, economic status, level of education and place of residence were analyzed. The study included people aged 20 to 50 years. The most included gender in the study is the female with 59% while the male gender with 41%. All results are presented in graphs worked with SPSS program.
Local Elasto–plastic Buckling of Isotropic Plates With Cutouts Under Tension Loading Conditions
Authors: Barski Marek , Stawiarski Adam , Romanowicz Paweł J. , Szybiński Bogdan
Published: June 2021

The motivation of the presented study was the observation of the existence of local loss of stability “tension buckling” in the experimental tests of composite and metallic plates with cut-outs subjected to tension. Because of this, the numerical analyses of the aluminum plate with elliptical or circular cutouts at the center and subjected to tensile load are studied in the paper. Although the whole structure is uniformly stretched, the circumferential compressive stresses in the vicinity of the cutout edge are observed. First of all, the linear buckling analysis is carried out for different sizes of the holes. Based on these results, the size of the hole is chosen, where the circumferential stress magnitude in the vicinity of the cutout is the lowest or even comparable to the yield stress of the material. The computations are made for three different values of thickness. Finally, the nonlinear buckling analysis is carried out without and with the plasticity effects included. Generally, in the case of the circular and vertically oriented elliptical cut-out, the loss of stability in the tensed plate is always observed. However, in elastic-plastic analyses, the values of the critical parameters significantly differ from the results obtained for elastic buckling. Finally, the critical geometries for further experimental tests were defined.
The Effect of Debt To Asset Ratio, Long Term Debt To Equity Ratio and Time Interest Earned Ratio on Profitability
Authors: Farah Indina , Amin Chaerul , Pramudianto Pramudianto
Published: June 2021

This study’s purpose is to analyse the influence of DAR, LDER, and TIER on Profitability. Populations of data are taken food and beverage companies listed in BEI from 2009-2011. Samples taken using purposive sampling method and total of samples used during study period is 39 samples. Hypothesis used in this study is multiple linear regression. Based on F test, the results indicated DAR, LDER, and TIER have a significant effect on Profitability. DAR, LDER, and TIER partial effect on Profitability was evaluated using T test. DAR have a negative and non-significant effect on ROE at -0,252. LDER have a negative and significant effect on ROE at -0,437 and TIER have a positive but non-significant effect on ROE at 0,00020
ФОЛКЛОРНИ ПОДТЕКСТ. POEZIJA
Authors: Р. Митић Кристина
Published: June 2021

Одељци Покајнице, Султанова ћерка мила и Утва златокрила већ су објављени у свом првобитном облику у зборнику о 200-годишњици Његоша (Митић 2014: 535‒546), у првом зборнику о Шантићу у Србији (Митић 2017: 445‒460) и у уздарју нишког Филозофског факултета Миљковићу (Митић 2015: 97‒102), те носе тон и манир усменог излагања. Три преостала одељка нова су кодирања поезије у кључу фолклорног подтекста: Немушти језик, Поворке и Косара. Надамо се да ће и они наћи своје место као будућа уздaрја песницима Кодеру, Костићу и Диздару.
Relations between the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in Historical Retrospective
Authors: Tsapko O.
Published: June 2021

The article reveals the essence and content of the policy of the Constantinople Patriarchate regarding the Ukrainian Orthodox Church for more than a thousand years of history of mutual relations. Considering these relations in a historical retrospect, they can be chronologically divided into six stages, each of which reflects the process of evolution of the policy of the Constantinople Patriarchate in the Ukrainian Orthodoxy. The author concludes that throughout the history of relations the Patriarchate of Constantinople tried to subjugate Ukraine in general and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in particular to its spiritual, cultural and political influence. At the same time, the article focuses on the process of liquidation of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church by the Moscow State and the entry of its structures into the Russian Orthodox Church. On this basis, it is proved that the matter of canonical recognition of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and the creation of a national church is first and foremost an internal problem of Ukraine itself.
Diplomatic Receptions and Dilemmas of the New Diplomacy during the Thirty Years War (1618-1648): the Institutional Discourse
Authors: Tsivatyi V.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the events and consequences of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) for new European diplomacy and political and institutional development of Europe. Attention is focused on thediplomatic tools, national specifics and features of the negotiation process of European states during and as a result of the Thirty Years War. The outcome of the Westphalian Congress was an importantstimulus for further European socio-economic, security, political and diplomatic development. The practical achievements of the Westphalian Congress and the experience acquired by Europeandiplomacy in the first half of the 17th century determined the future institutional development of world diplomacy and international law, which has not lost its relevance so far. The article describes theevents of the Thirty Years War of 1618-1648, the struggle for national sovereignty and the formation of national states, the signing of a peace treaty, the formation of a new permanent diplomacy and a system of international relations.
Formation of Ukrainian-Swedish Alliance during the Great North War
Authors: Slisarenko O.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the events of the crucial stage of the Great North War, in particular the campaign of the Swedish King Charles XII and his army against the Moscow State in 1708-1709. Thecritical moment of this campaign was the conclusion of the alliance between the Swedish King and Ukrainian Hetman I. Mazepa. The success of this alliance could quite possibly lead to the decisivevictory of Sweden over the last of its enemies, Moscow Tsar Peter I. As a result of this victory the independent Ukrainian Cossack State under a nominal protectorate of the Sweden Kingdom couldappear on the East European map. The author of the present material considers military and strategic aspects of the possible alliance basing on the conclusions of the former historians about theinternational political component of Swedish-Ukrainian alliance. The analysis of material enables the author to state that Ukrainian-Swedish alliance was formed without the mediation of Rzeczpospolita atthe moment the Swedish army entered the territory of the Cossack Hetmanate at the end of October 1708.
Structural Changes in Employment Diversification in Pakistan: Assessing the Role of Sectoral Employment Elasticities in Employment Generation
Authors: Yasmin Fouzia , Nasir Nazia , Safdar Noreen , Iqbal Sidra
Published: June 2021

Employment growth (part-time and full-time) in Sub-sectors of economic activity is not only determined by the output growth in this sector but the time lag is also involved, in addition to this the wage elasticity of employment is also critical in determining employment diversification and labor mobility between sectors, varied widely in different sectors of the economy. This paper endeavors to illustrate the role of part-time and full-time employment elasticity among sectors along with employment diversification. Furthermore, the empirical analysis is carried out on time series data for 1990 to 2019. By utilizing Seemingly Unrelated regression and by estimating wage elasticity of employment with modified two factor Cobb-Douglas function for full time and part-time employment, the results have been illustrated, by carefully considering the reliability, consistency, and accuracy of the findings, this study demonstrates an increased sectoral output tends to enhance employment in respective sectors. For the manufacturing sector and construction sector, both sectoral output and total output were found to have comparable responses that suggest employment for both sectors tends to increase in line with the output. Therefore, the conclusions of the study establish that an effective way to enhance employment is to create flexibility in the wages as an efficient approach to enhance sectoral employment.
An Assessment of the use of Business Performance Analysis Indicators in Tourism Enterprises in Vietnam
Authors:   Faculty of Economics & Tourism, Quang Trung University, Binh Dinh, Vietnam, TRAN Ky Han
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of business performance analysis indicators in tourism enterprises in Vietnam. The study was carried out with a survey of 120 tourism enterprises in Vietnam according to four groups of business sizes including large-scale, medium-scale, small-scale, and micro-scale enterprises through the online survey method with the help of Google Form tool, descriptive statistics, ANOVA analysis, and Post Hoc test for analysis. Research results have shown that tourism enterprises in Vietnam were only interested in the indicators of productivity, which involve the turnover of the objects, but did not care about using the indicators reflecting the number of days per turnover of objects to evaluate performance; and they only used three main criteria which are the profitability of sales, the profitability of assets and the profitability of equity in analysis. At the same time, the level of interest in using analytical criteria on operational performance, operational efficiency, and profitability was different among groups of large, medium, small, and micro-scale enterprises.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN METODE KERJA TERHADAP KUALITAS PRODUK PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Erlina Erlina
Published: June 2021

Suatu organisasi atau perusahaan memiliki tujuan untuk memperoleh suatu keuntungan yang sebesar-besarnya. Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan tersebut seorang pimpinan perusahaan harus dapat mengkoordinasikan setiap sumber daya yang mendukung tercapainya tujuan perusahaan tersebut. Permasalahan yang sering timbul adalah kualitas pekerja serta metode kerja dalam penyelesaian pekerjaan dalam menciptakan kualitas produk, dimana kurangnya sikap profesionalisme bak itu dari pimpinan atau para pengelolanya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode kerja terhadap kualitas produk rumah, pengaruh faktor kualitas kerja terhadap kualitas produk rumah, pengaruh kedua factor metode kerja dan kualitas kerja secara bersama-sama terhadap kualitas produk rumah.

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada proyek Perumahan Nandan Griya Idaman Yogyakarta yang teletak di Jl. A.M. Sangaji, Monjali, Yogyakarta. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan tiga variabel, yaitu variabel metode kerja, variabel kualitas kerja dan variabel kualitas produk rumah. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji korelasi product moment pearson, uji reabilitas, uji t-test, uji determinasi dan uji kendall’s. Sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan data kuisioner. Pengambilan sample pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling.

Hasil analisis data pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa:(1) Pengaruh metode kerja terhadap kualitas produk rumah sebesar 57,8%, terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan positif sebesar 0,760, dan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 6,719, t-test sehingga koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh tersebut bisa digeneralisasikan pada populasinya. (2) Pengaruh kualitas kerja terhadap kualitas produk rumah sebesar 72,4%, terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan positif sebesar 0,851, dan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 9,313 sehingga koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh tersebut bisa digeneralisasikan pada populasinya. (3) Pengaruh metode kerja dan kualitas produk secara bersama – sama terhadap kualitas produk rumah sebesar 78,6%, terhadap hubungan kuat dan positif sebesar 0,887 dan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 58,733 sehingga koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh tersebut bisa digeneralisasikan pada populasinya ).
MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME HUMAN RESOURCES DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN ENTERPREUNERSHIP BAGI PELAKU UMKM DAERAH PENUMPING LAWEYAN SURAKARTA JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Kartikasari Dewi , Prihatiningsih Margaretha , Kusumawati Evi Dewi
Published: June 2021

Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat di daerah Penumping memberikan pembinaan lebih dalam tentang bagaimana pengembangan Enterpreunership dapat menciptakan Profesionalisme Human Resources sehingga Industri tersebut (IKM) dapat menyerap tenaga kerja lebih banyak baik tenaga kerja terdidik, terlatih dan terampil sesuai jenjang pendidikan dan pelatihan yang telah diikutinya, serta hasil pengabdian diharapkan dapat mendorong kegiatan peran aktif pelaku IKM dalam meningkatkan citra produk yang kompetitif dan mengedepankan kualitas produk.

Metoda pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian pada pelaku UMKM wilayah Penumping Laweyan Surakarta bekerja sama dengan Tim Pengabdian STIE ST. Pignatelli Surakarta ini dengan metode ceramah dan praktik merajut oleh Pihak Anggota IKM dengan Tema Pelatihan: Profesionalisme Human Resources Dalam Mengembangkan Enterpreunership Bagi Pelaku UMKM Wilayah Penumping Laweyan Jawa Tengah. Selain metoda ceramah dari Tim Pengabdian STIE St. Pignatelli dan SMK ST. Paulus Pajang Laweyan Surakarta akan senantiasa memberikan pendampingan dan bimbingan pengetahuan dibidang Profesionalisme Human Resources yang berkelanjutan sehingga sampai dengan berhasil sukses.

Hasil dari pelaksanaan pengabdian tersebut adalah Profesionalisme Human Resources dapat mengembangkan Enterpreunership bagi pelaku UMKM dan dapat memberikan kontribusi yang besar bagi penyerapan tenaga kerja UMKM di wilayah Penumping Surakarta Jawa Tengah sangat relevan terutama dalam mempersiapkan tenaga kerja terampil, terlatih dan terdidik sesuai kebutuhan dunia usaha yang telah terkover di dalam kewirausahaan daerah setempat. Dimulai dari Usaha home industry kecil membuat sabun cuci pakaian dan piring kemudian berkembang ke produk rajutan, bahan batik dan batik. Hal ini menunjukkan keinginan dan cita-cita home industry tersebut mulai berkembang hingga terampil dan fokus terhadap produk inti kemudian produk sampingan.
ANALISIS PENGARUH DANA PIHAK KETIGA, INFLASI DAN BI RATE TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSETS (ROA) PADA BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2015 - 2019
Authors: Setyarini Adhista
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dana pihak ketiga, inflasi dan BI Rate terhadap Return On Assets (ROA) pada bank syariah di Indonesia periode 2015-2019. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif (menggunakan data yang dapat diukur dalam suatu skala numerik/angka), dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa data panel (pooling data) yang menggabungkan data runtut waktu (time series) dan data kerat lintang (cros section) dalam periode waktu. Dalam menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan uji regresi dengan bantuan aplikasi eviews 9. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dana pihak ketiga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ROA pada bank syariah di Indonesia. Inflasi memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap ROA. BI Rate berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap ROA pada bank syariah di Indonesia.
TERMINOLOGI KEJAHATAN DALAM HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Bunga Dewi , Bunga Dewi
Published: June 2021

The globalization of crime incised a social reality where crimes can be committed across national borders and have an impact not only on the people of a country, but on the international community. Theoretically, there are several terms that are known to describe acts which are called crimes under international law, namely international crimes, transnational crimes, and national crimes with international dimensions. International crimes are crimes that threaten both directly and indirectly to international peace and security, affect many countries and have universal jurisdiction. The qualification of international crimes refers to crimes regulated in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Rome Statute circulated as document A / CONF.183 / 9 of 17 July 1998), namely crimes of genocide; crimes against humanity; war crimes; and crime of aggression. Transnational crimes are transnational crimes regulated in international conventions.
REGULASI PENDAFTARAN MEREK INTERNASIONAL DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG MEREK DAN INDIKASI GEOGRAFIS
Authors: Dian Laksmi Dewi Cokorda Istri
Published: June 2021

The globalization of crime incised a social reality where crimes can be committed across national borders and have an impact not only on the people of a country, but on the international community. Theoretically, there are several terms that are known to describe acts which are called crimes under international law, namely international crimes, transnational crimes, and national crimes with international dimensions. International crimes are crimes that threaten both directly and indirectly to international peace and security, affect many countries and have universal jurisdiction. The qualification of international crimes refers to crimes regulated in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Rome Statute circulated as document A / CONF.183 / 9 of 17 July 1998), namely crimes of genocide; crimes against humanity; war crimes; and crime of aggression. Transnational crimes are transnational crimes regulated in international conventions.
TELAAH TEORITIS TERHADAP KONTRIBUSI HUKUM DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI
Authors: Tungga Benyamin
Published: June 2021

The development of the national economy in its achievement is inseparable from the role of the legal sector. Interdeterministis, between economic and law, two things that affect each other. That is, it can also start from the demands of the economic field to the field of law that can serve as a useful contribution to support economic growth. Law as a normative provision has a very important role and function in the field of economy. Scientific writing is intended to describe the legal theory in economic development. The results of the study provide an explanation that the economic system in Indonesia is Pancasila Economic System that was born in the heart of the nation that is Pancasila and UUD-45 and its interpretation. Therefore, the economic system of Pancasila is directly sourced from Pancasila, especially the fifth principle, namely: Social Justice for all Indonesian people and the mandate of Article 27 paragraph (2), Article 33-34 UUD-45 (4th Amendment). The fifth precept explains that all national and state orientations, economic, legal, social and cultural politics, are imbued with a spirit of comprehensive justice and destined for all Indonesians. Thus the legal contribution in the development of the Indonesian economy is a Pancasila economic system supported by the 1945 Constitution and its interpretation.
PERAN SERTA ORGANISASI PEMBERDAYAAN KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA (PKK) DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGANAN DINI KORBAN KEKERASAN
Authors: Istri Ari Atu Dewi Anak Agung , Ketut Sukranatha Anak Agung , Putri Kartika I Gusti Ayu , Kade Komalasari Gusti Ayu
Published: June 2021

The specific purpose and target of this research is to determine the role of family welfare empowerment organizations (PKK) in the prevention and early handling of women and children victims of violence. The reason for researching this topic is the increase in the number of victims of violence against women and children every year. Based on data from the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, it is shown that since 2012 it has increased from 18,718 to 54,041 cases in June 2017 and until February 2018 it has shown 374 cases of violence against women and children. In this case, the Government is responsible for providing optimal services needed by victims, both medical, psychological, and legal assistance in an effort to recover their condition. The government in providing services to victims should cooperate and partner with the community, especially in the prevention and early handling of victims of violence. Prevention and early handling of victims of violence at the village level can empower family welfare empowerment organizations (PKK) which are government partners that are considered effective in the prevention and early handling of women and children victims of violence in their areas. Based on these reasons, it is necessary to study in depth the role of the PKK organization in preventing and early handling of women and children victims of violence. To achieve specific goals and targets in this study, the research method used is a normative research method with a statue approach and a conceptual approach.The results of the study provide an overview 1) there is a clear regulation in the laws and regulations related to the participation of the PKK in preventing and early handling of victims of violence, what needs to be further regulated is regulation in the form of Village Regulations and customary law (awig-awig) related to the participation of PKK and indigenous women in the prevention and early handling of victims of violence. 2) the procedures for preventing and early handling of victims of violence need to be stated in the operational standards in the village and the traditional village paparem.
AKIBAT HUKUM TENGENBEWIJS TERHADAP AKTA OTENTIK DALAM HUKUM PEMBUKTIAN PADA PERKARA PERDATA
Authors: Sari Ni Putu Riyani Kartika
Published: June 2021

As regulated on Article 164 HIR/ Article 284 RBg there are several kinds of evindence in civil cases such as written evidence, proof by witnesses, presumtions, confessions evidence, and oaths. One of the written evidence is authentic deed which was made by and before the authorized public officer at the place where the deed was made. The proof strength of authentic deed is perfect except declined and  proven otherwise by the evidence of the opponent or tengenbewijs. Using notmative legal studies, this written is examining and discussing about the strength of the authentic deed  and legal the strength of the authentic
Regarding to the strength of an authentic deed on proofing process was of perfect proof which means what is written in the deed was really happened so that the judge must accept it and may not order the addition of proof anymore. But to the proof strength of the authentic deed can be defended by the evidence of opponent or tengenbewijs. The existence of evidence of the opponent against an authentic deed will invalidate the strength of perfect proof of an authentic deed because it will cause a lack on the authentic deed, so that in the process of proving the civil case, the authentic deed proof strength will be degraded to be an underhanded deed.
SINERGITAS PRINSIP BHINEKA TUNGGAL IKA DENGAN PRINSIP PLURALISME HUKUM
Authors: Tungga Benyamin
Published: June 2021

In fact, bineka tunggal ika is a form of pluralism in one culture, ethnicity, religion, and others in one place, namely the state with Pancasila principles and the 1945 Constitution. Whereas the principle of legal pluralism is a situation where one or more legal systems apply at a time and place the same one. The purpose of this paper is to explain how the synergy of the single eka bineka principle with the principle of legal pluralism. The single unity principle that is manifested in the life of nation and state, one form of its implementation is explained in the Indonesian archipelago, a way of looking at the Indonesian people about themselves and their surrounding environment based on national ideas based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Using the basis of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as part of legal sources. Thus it can be concluded that there is a synergy between the single bineka ika principle and the principle of legal pluralism in the basic model of the Indonesian unitary republic which lies in the source of all sources of law, namely Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution.
FUNGSI HUKUM PARIWISATA DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Gde Rudy Dewa
Published: June 2021

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) have a very strategic role in national development, especially development in the field of tourism. The fact is that business activities carried out by UMKM often fail to compete with large businesses which are in a stronger position. Related to that, empowering UMKM in the field of tourism business is a very important thing to do.
The discussion and research in this paper are focused on two things, First: how is the reality and empowerment of UMKM in the field of tourism business. Second: what is the function of tourism law in order to empower UMKM. In this paper, the normative legal research method is used, namely library legal research using a legislation approach (statue approach) and conceptual approach (conceptual approach).
The results of the study show that the reality of UMKM in the field of tourism business is still in a marginalized position and still has limited access to capital, business information, marketing, and business opportunities which are important components in conducting business activities. The legal function of tourism in the context of empowering UMKM is ensuring certainty of the protection of UMKM, so that UMKM get various accesses related to businesses that are run to be able to develop and compete with large businesses.
Termelékenység, innováció és külkereskedelem magyar vállalati adatok alapján
Authors: Halpern László
Published: June 2021

Az innováció és a termelékenység közötti vállalati szintű kapcsolat elemzésekor az exporton kívül az importot is figyelembe kell venni. Az innováció pozitívan hat a termelékenységre, ugyanakkor a hatás mértéke időben változott. Az innováció termelékenységre kifejtett becsült hatása 2010-ig nőtt, utána csökkent, és 2016-ra visszaesett a 2005. évi szintre. Ezt a hatást felerősítette az, hogy 2010 után folyamatosan és jelentősen csökkent az innovatív vállalatok aránya
Effect of Contact Time on the Level of Phthalates in Polyethylene Terephthalate-bottled Water from the Point of Sale
Authors: Hazira Abdul Rasid , Ungku Fatimah Ungku Zainal Abidin , Jinap Selamat , Omar Syaliza , Sanny Maimunah
Published: June 2021

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of contact time on the level of phthalates in polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-bottled water commercially available on the market. Different water types (drinking water, mineral water, and sparkling water) in PET bottles and mineral water in glass bottles were collected. Control (before bottling) and freshly produced (0-month) samples were collected at manufacturing sites. In contrast, samples at 6, 12, and 18 months of contact times were collected randomly from hypermarkets and supermarkets in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The samples were analyzed using LC-MS/MS with deuterated DEHP as the internal standard. DEHP, DMP, DEP, DnOP, and BBP were not detected in drinking, mineral, and sparkling water in both PET and glass bottles. However, DBP was detected within the range of 0.68 to 1.11 ng/mL for mineral water and 0.55 to 0.59 ng/ mL for drinking water in PET bottles. All types of phthalates, including DBP, were not detected in the control and 0-month samples. DBP was detected at 0.59 ng/mL at 6 months of contact time and 0.55 ng/mL at 12 months of contact time in PET-bottled drinking water samples; the difference, however, was not significant. It appears that contact time did not significantly affect DBP levels.