bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Function, Physical Capacity, and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Combustible Cigarettes and Heated Tobacco Products Users: A Four-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study
Authors: Sharman Almaz , Yermakova Irina , Erenchina Elmira , Tyulebekova Gulnara , Bekzhanova Aisulu
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is the fourth leading cause of death in Kazakhstan. Cigarette smoking is a prevalent risk factor for COPD. While quitting smoking is the preferred way to reduce COPD risk, literature suggests that heated tobacco products (HTP) might be a better option for people who cannot quit smoking. The aim of this paper was to analyze the long-term effects of shifting to HTP use in long-term smokers compared to continued combustible cigarettes (CC) use.

Patients and methods: A cohort of 1200 participants (400 HTP and 800 CC) aged 40-59 years with a minimum of 10 pack-year smoking history were recruited and followed for four years. The functional outcomes compared between HTP and CC users included: (1) COPD Assessment Test (CAT); (2) post-bronchodilator lung function; (3) 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) test; and (4) metabolic syndrome components. One way ANOVA was used to compare functional outcomes between visits, while multivariable linear mixed models were used to test associations between health outcomes and smoking type (HTP vs. CC) over time.

Results: Out of 1200 participants 893 (609 CC users and 284 HTP users) remained in the study by the fourth year of follow up. Comparison between functional outcomes showed that most of them have improved between visits, while lung function and fasting blood glucose levels got worse. Linear mixed models showed HTP use was associated with better functional outcomes over time compared to CC users. Lung function decrease was significantly less in HTP users, while improvements in CAT scores, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure were significantly better compared to CC users.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that HTP users experienced it to a significantly lesser decrease in lung function compared to CC users, while demonstrating better improvements in other functional outcomes. The results of this study suggest that HTP might be a less deleterious alternative compared to CC in people with long history of CC use and who cannot quit smoking.
A Study on the Significance of Acupuncture and Pharmacopuncture Therapy for Cold Accumulation Through a Literature Review on the Historical Development Process in Cold Accumulation Treatment
Authors: Jeong Jin-Ho , Ku Jaseung , Hwang Ji Hye
Published: November 2022

In order to secure clinical evidence for the treatment of cold accumulation (CA), this study reviewed and analyzed 91 records of literature and related records. To perform a classical literature search, the Oriental Medicine Classic databases and the Uibujeonrok electronic data were searched. Books on Immuno-pharmacopuncture (IP) were also reviewed. A common etiology for CA was attributed to the abdomen, while the detailed sites of the abdomen differed. In IP, CA had a more comprehensive list of symptoms of physiological and pathological significance. As for the treatment of CA, typically, herbal medicine was used until the end of the Korean Empire period, and moxibustion treatment on CV4, CV6, CV-12, ST36, EX-B4, and conduction exercise therapy were also reported. Since 1965, acupuncture needle-based invasive treatment such as acupuncture for CA, and IP have been described in IP theory. Consequently, the treatment of CA (as described in the IP theory), was considered to be a more advanced method of treatment compared with the existing classical treatment methods.
The Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity and Safety of Verbenalin in ICR Mice
Authors: Shin Hyejeong , Lim Yigun , Ha Jisu , Yang Gabsik , Yook Taehan
Published: November 2022

Background: Verbenalin is an iridoid glucoside, which is among the active components of some medicinal herbs such as Verbena officinalis Linn, and Cornus officinalis Siebold and Zucc. Previous studies have confirmed the antioxidant activity and neuroprotective potential of verbenalin. To confirm the safety of verbenalin, an approximate lethal dose was determined based on a single oral dose toxicity study.Methods: Institute of Cancer Research mice were randomly assigned to three verbenalin exposure groups (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) and a control group (5% methylcellulose solution). There were (5 male and 5 female mice per group). Mortality, clinical signs, and body weight were monitored for 14 days, and necropsies were conducted.Results: No mortalities were observed in the control group or the verbenalin 250 mg/kg group, whereas mortalities were observed in the 500 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg verbenalin groups. During the observation period, stool abnormalities such as mucous stools were observed. Clinical signs such as loss of locomotor activity were observed in the 500 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg verbenalin groups. During the study period, significant changes in body weight were observed in the 500 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg verbenalin groups; however, no gross abnormalities were observed at necropsy. Overall, no toxicity was found in the 250 mg/kg group.Conclusion: The approximate lethal dose of verbenalin was estimated to be 500 mg/kg. For a more accurate assessment of the safety of verbenalin, other types of studies such as repeated-dose toxicity studies should also be conducted.
Astaxanthin Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis by Inhibiting the Expression of Signal Molecule NF-kB and Inflammatory Genes in Mice
Authors: Kim Donghwan , Kim Yong-Suk , Song Ho Sueb
Published: November 2022

Background: This study was conducted to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of astaxanthin, on atopic dermatitis.Methods: Changes in mouse body weight, lymph node weight, and the degree of improvement in symptoms were measured to determine the inflammatory response. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests were performed to determine the degree of expression of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-31 and IL-33 and chemokines such as CCL17 and CCL22), and western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of inflammation-related factors (iNOS, COX-2, and NF-kB signaling molecules p-IkBα, p50, p-65 and pSTAT3).Results: The degree of symptoms significantly improved in the PA+AX group. Lymph node weight in the PA+AX group was lower than the PA group. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-31, IL-33, and inflammatory chemokines such as CCL17 and CCL22) were significantly reduced in the PA+AX group compared with the PA group. The expression of inflammatory genes (iNOS, COX-2, NF-kB and signaling molecules (p-IkBα, p50, p65, and p-STAT 3) was lower in the PA+AX group compared with the PA group.Conclusion: Astaxanthin may modulate the inflammatory response in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis and has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using Gene Xpert-MTB/RIF assay among tuberculosis suspected patients at Mizan-Tepi university teaching hospital, southwest Ethiopia: An institution based cross-sectional study
Authors: Abayneh Mengistu , Teressa Murtii
Published: November 2022

Background

Consistently deciding its current extent and chance elements of tuberculosis (TB) in all levels of clinical settings contributes to the anticipation and control exertion of the disease. In Ethiopia, updated information is still needed at every healthcare level and in different risk groups to monitor the national program’s performance, which aims to attain the 2035 goal. Hence, this study aimed to generate additional evidence data on the magnitude of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the Gene Xpert assay among TB-suspected patients at Mizan-Tepi university teaching hospital, southwest Ethiopia.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from June to September 30, 2021. The required socio-demographic and other risk factor data were collected from a total of 422 suspected TB patients using a structured questionnaire. Approximately 392 pulmonary and 30 extra-pulmonary samples were collected and examined using the Gene Xpert-MTB/RIF assay. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 software was used to analyze the data.

Results

In this study, Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in 12.5% (49/392) of pulmonary samples and 13.3% (4/30) of extra-pulmonary samples, giving an overall TB positivity of 12.6% (53/422). Rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis was detected in 3/53 (5.7%). Male sex (AOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.210, 5.354), previous contact (AOR: 4.25; 95% CI: 1.790, 10.092), smoking cigarette (AOR: 4.708; 95% CI: 1.004, 22.081), being HIV-positive (AOR: 4.27; 95% CI: 1.606, 11.344), and malnutrition (AOR: 3.55; 95% CI: 1.175, 10.747) were all significantly associated with M. tuberculosis detection using the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay.

Conclusion

The overall frequency of M. tuberculosis in this study was still significant in different risk groups, despite the proposed strategies, which aimed to reduce TB prevalence to as low as 10 per 100,000 populations by 2035. Early case detection with better diagnostic tools and public health measures are important prevention and control strategies to meet the proposed target and reduce the burden of TB in the country.
An MAGDM method for design concept evaluation based on incomplete information
Authors: Chen Zhe , Pan Zhao , Ma Qing , Hou Tingting , Zhao Peng
Published: November 2022

Design concept evaluation is a huge challenge in the R&D stage of new product development. The information in the assessments often depends on the decision-makers’ individual preferences. However, sometimes the decision-makers cannot give precise and complete information because it is very difficult for them to be familiar with all the criteria. In this situation, an incomplete information decision-making matrix is established. In this paper, decision-making methods based on incomplete information are compared in the literature review. Incomplete information determination method using trust mechanism is proved as a proper way to solve this problem, and the missing information are computed based on the alternatives However, in design concept evaluation, experts commonly provide their preferences using linguistic words according to the different attributes. Hence, we propose a three-step Multiple Attributes Group Decision-making (MAGDM) method where the missing value are determined by attributes. In step one, a data repairing method is proposed based on trust theory. After that, in step two, a comprehensive weight determination method combining AHP and entropy is proposed to obtain the weight of index attributes. Finally, the Rough-TOPSIS method is applied in the design scheme ranking step. In the case study, the proposed method is implemented in a tourism product design process to show its effectiveness.
Co-registration of single tree maps and data captured by a moving sensor using stem diameter weighted linking
Authors: Olofsson Kenneth , Holmgren Johan
Published: November 2022

A new method for the co-registration of single tree data in forest stands and forest plots applicable to static as well as dynamic data capture is presented. This method consists of a stem diameter weighted linking algorithm that improves the linking accuracy when operating on diverse diameter stands with stem position errors in the single tree detectors. A co-registration quality metric threshold, QT, is also introduced which makes it possible to discriminate between correct and incorrect stem map co-registrations with high probability (>99%). These two features are combined to a simultaneous location and mapping-based co-registration method that operates with high linking accuracy and that can handle sensors with drifting errors and signal bias. A test with simulated data shows that the method has an 89.35% detection rate. The statistics of different settings in a simulation study are presented, where the effect of stem density and position errors were investigated. A test case with real sensor data from a forest stand shows that the average nearest neighbor distances decreased from 1.90 m to 0.51 m, which indicates the feasibility of this method.
Should We Rethink the Purposes of the Law School? A Case for Decolonial Thought in Legal Pedagogy
Authors: Adebisi Foluke
Published: November 2022

This article argues that there is a need for more transdisciplinary and decolonial approaches to knowledge production in law. These approaches need to go beyond a focus on diversity which only seeks ways for marginal voices and experiences to be absorbed into a hierarchized structure of knowledge production that in turn [re]produces a hierarchized world. New ways must be sought to ensure that, in reconsidering the purposes of law and law schools, legal education does not reproduce inequalities but unravels them. Thereby legal education may do more than just add to and diversify the profession but may aspire to transform the world.

Keywords: decolonization; legal education; decolonial thought.
El microcrédito popular- solidario en la provincia de Santa Elena, estudio descriptivo del segmento cooperativo 1
Authors: Abad Varas Marcelo , Mendoza Rodríguez Jacinto , García Espinoza Lupe
Published: November 2022

Introduction/objective: The popular and supportive microcredit is a dynamic element of economic development, its validity and growth are vital for developing territories, such as the one considered in this work, province of Santa Elena in the Republic of Ecuador. It empowers the generation of sources of employment, availability of sustenance to cover the needs of segments of the population with insufficient income. Methodology: the research is quantitative with a descriptive scope with a non-experimental design. It is based on secondary data corresponding to placements of popular and solidarity microcredit of segment 1. Results: the growth of popular and solidarity microcredit placements in the province of Santa Elena has been discreet, even during periods of unfavorable externalities such as the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, in which its positive interannual variation was maintained. Conclusions: popular and solidarity microcredit has placed resources in productive agents so that, based on principles of social, environmental, and solidarity responsibility, a distribution of resources is generated in disadvantaged agents, generating evidence of a model that generates economic development.
Microvascular flow imaging to differentiate focal hepatic lesions: the spoke-wheel pattern as a specific sign of focal nodular hyperplasia
Authors: Rónaszéki Aladár David , Dudás Ibolyka , Zsély Boglarka , Budai Bettina Katalin , Stollmayer Róbert , Hahn Oszkár , Csongrády Barbara , Park Byung-so , Maurovich-Horvat Pál , Győri Gabriella , Kaposi Pal Novak
Published: November 2022

Microvascular flow imaging (MVFI) is an advanced Doppler ultrasound technique designed to detect slow-velocity blood flow in small-caliber microvessels. This technique is capable of realtime, highly detailed visualization of tumor vessels without using a contrast agent. MVFI has been recently applied for the characterization of focal liver lesions and has revealed typical vascularity distributions in multiple types thereof. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) constitutes an important differential diagnosis of malignant liver tumors. In this essay, we provide iconographic documentation of the MVFI appearance of FNH and other common solid liver lesions. Identifying the typical patterns of vascularity, including the spoke-wheel pattern with MVFI, can expedite the diagnosis, spare patients from unnecessary procedures, and save costs.
O ESTUDO DAS UNIDADES DE RELEVO EM MUNICÍPIOS DA FAIXA COSTEIRA BRASILEIRA: O EXEMPLO DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO VICENTE - SP
Authors: Amorim Raul Reis , Oliveira Regina Célia de
Published: November 2022

O Município de São Vicente estrutura-se sob dois domínios morfoestruturais de características distintas, sendo, parte em zona do Planalto Atlântico sob forte influência da Serra do Mar compelindo a área morfologias diversas que se apresentam na forma de escarpas com caimentos topográficos abruptos, vales entalhados, organização de importante rede fluvial, topos aguçados a convexos sob domínio da Mata Atlântica, o segundo domínio morfoestrutural o da Planície Costeira apresenta extensa planície com presença de depósitos inconsolidados e importantes sistemas ambientais como aqueles relacionados aos manguezais sob forte influência flúvio-marinha. A paisagem diversa em que se organiza o município de São Vicente revela sistemas ambientais com fragilidades complexas e que sofrem há séculos pressões de uso resultando em cenários catastróficos, seja pela ocorrência de processos vinculados a movimentos de massa ou inundações resultando em perdas materiais e humanas.
ESTRESSE SALINO EM PLANTAS DA ESPÉCIE FLORESTAL SABIÁ
Authors: Silva Maria Betania Rodrigues da , Viégas Ricardo Almeida , Dantas Neto José , Farias Soahd Arruda Rached
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho foi conduzido em condições de casa-de-vegetação, com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento de plantas jovens de sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth) cultivadas em diferentes níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 e 6 dS.m-1). O solo, após seco, destorroado, peneirado e homogeneizado, foi colocado em vasos com altura de 34 cm, e diâmetro de 29 cm. Aos 120 de aplicação dos tratamentos, foram avaliados os efeitos da salinidade da água no comportamento das plantas, com avaliações da altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do coleto, massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes. O experimento envolveu 6 (seis) níveis de salinidade da água, com três repetições. Todavia a salinidade afetou de forma diferenciada cada variável estudada (altura, diâmetro do coleto, massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes) sugerindo que os efeitos deletérios da salinidade, não foram igualmente distribuídos. Considerando como critério de avaliação de tolerância à salinidade a produção de massa seca, concluiu-se que as plantas jovens de sabiá nas condições estudadas, apresentaram sensibilidade aos efeitos da salinidade.
ZONEAMENTO AGROECOLÓGICO PARA ESPÉCIES DE EUCALIPTO NO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Sperandio Huezer Viganô , Campanharo Wesley Augusto , Cecílio Roberto Avelino , Nappo Mauro Eloi
Published: November 2022

A cultura do eucalipto representa a base econômica florestal no estado do Espírito Santo, entretanto a atual oferta deste produto não atende à demanda. A busca por alta qualidade da madeira, alta produtividade, rápido crescimento e a implantação de novas áreas de cultivo de espécies florestais devem passar pela delimitação de áreas edafoclimaticamente aptas às culturas. Neste trabalho gerou-se os mapas do zoneamento agroecológico das espécies Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus urograndis e Corymbia citriodora, para o Espírito Santo. As exigências edafoclimáticas utilizadas nos zoneamentos basearam-se nos dados das regiões de origem das espécies. Para os cálculos dos balanços hídricos, utilizaram-se dados de precipitação e temperatura de 110 estações pluviométricas localizadas no estado e regiões circunvizinhas. A partir do cruzamento de mapas de déficit hídrico, temperatura do ar, precipitação, solos, unidades de conservação e áreas de preservação permanentes, geraram-se os mapas de aptidão agroecológica das espécies para o estado. Verificou-se uma boa aptidão à implantação dos eucaliptos apresentando, contudo uma grande variabilidade espacial entre as áreas de aptidão de cada espécie no território capixaba.
UM BREVE DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL DO PARQUE ESTADUAL DE GRÃO MOGOL (MG) E SEU CONTEXTO ESPACIAL
Authors: Fonseca Diego de Sousa Ribeiro , Lessa Simone Narciso
Published: November 2022

O propósito deste trabalho é fazer uma breve discussão acerca do entorno espacial e da área do Parque Estadual de Grão Mogol (MG), localizado no Norte de Minas Gerais. Este espaço foi criado com a importante missão de conservar cursos hídricos, espécies animais e vegetais ameaçadas -, incluindo algumas espécies vegetais que são endêmicas Ã quele local. Com esse intuito, a metodologia empregada consistiu no mapeamento da área com manuseio de SIG (Sistemas de Informações Geográficas) e Processamento Digital de Imagens Órbitais (PDI), houve a consulta bibliográfica entre outras fontes, e a discussão dos resultados. O Parque Estadual de Grão Mogol além de ser um importante meio de preservação do meio ambiente, pode ser uma importante fonte de renda para a cidade de Grão Mogol, desde que bem administrado sob o ponto de vista da gestão ambiental.
CONHECENDO A TRAJETÓRIA DE ORGANIZAÇÃO DOS ATINGIDOS POR BARRAGENS
Authors: Foschiera Atamis Antonio
Published: November 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a trajetória de organização dos atingidos por barragens frente á política do setor elétrico colocada em prática no Brasil. As informações que dão sustento ao artigo são baseadas em leituras bibliográficas, entrevistas com lideranças e militantes de organizações de atingidos, documentos expedidos pelo Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens - MAB, documentos expedidos por instituições do Estado ligados à questão, entre outros. Espera-se que ao final da leitura deste artigo, o leitor possa conseguir entender os avanços e dilemas por que passaram e passam as organizações dos atingidos por barragens, em especial o Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A DINÂMICA DEMOGRÁFICA NA REGIÃO DO TRIÂNGULO MINEIRO/ALTO PARANAÍBA
Authors: Bessa Kelly Cristine F O , Soares Beatriz Ribeiro
Published: November 2022

The present work has for objective to understand the demographic dynamics in the area of the Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, with special prominence for the population evolution of Uberlândia, larger urban center of the area and one of the most important cities of the state of Minas Gerais.
TURISMO, PATRIMONIO CULTURAL Y DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE
Authors: Fernández Guillermina , Ramos Aldo Guzmán
Published: November 2022

The heritage can be considered like everything what the man has and who has been bequeathed him by its ancestors. All this wealth has extreme importance for the development of the tourism. But as well as the heritage allows the development of the

tourism also can be seen negatively affected by this activity. Therefore it is necessary that a sustainable development of the tourism considers; a development model that obtains economic benefits of the heritage but that it allows that this it is revitalized and it revalues as well.

Key Words: Tourism, Heritage, Sustainable development
ARBORIZAÇÃO E CONFORTO TÉRMICO NO ESPAÇO URBANO: ESTUDO DE CASO NAS PRAÇAS PÚBLICAS DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE (SP)
Authors: Gomes Marcos Antônio Silvestre , Amorim Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade
Published: November 2022

Presidente Prudente is a city in the State of Sao Paulo with considerable number of green areas (147) but a few numbers of public squares (56). In this city, with 189.000 inhabitants, the lack of recreation space (as green areas and publics squares) is a

problem that has been increasing. The existing green areas and publics squares have not substructure or arborization. The paper presented analyzes how arborization process is responsible on the generation of thermic comfort. It is understood that arborization is very important to make better the recreation places in Presidente Prudente, a tropical city that presents high temperatures all year long. The methodology was theoretical reference; research on public organizations, field research and data collect of temperature, relative humidity in the Meteorological Station. It was collected too, temperature and relative humidity in two publics squares selected by botany, altitude and topography characteristics. Readings of temperature and humidity was realized on January 2001 at 10h, 16h, 21h and 22h. The Effective Temperature register (TE) used to analyze thermic comfort was Thom's (1959).

Key words: thermic comfort, squares publics, urban vegetation, Presidente Prudente
POPULATION GROWTH AND CHANGING LAND-USE PATTERN IN MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGION OF INDIA
Authors: Acharya Arun Kumar , Nangia Parveen
Published: November 2022

into changing land-uses pattern. Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) is one of the fastest growing region of India. Its population increased from 7.7 million in 1971 to 18.3 million in 2001 and is projected to be increased 22.4 million in 2011. With the saturation of land in the city followed by suburbs, other parts of the metropolitan region plows now experiencing the fast growth. Due to growing population pressure the total built-up and industrial area in Mumbai Metropolitan Region has increased from 4.9 percent in 1971 to 12 percent in 1991 and is projected to constitute 31 percent of the total area in 2011. On the other hand, area under forest cover has declined from 30 percent in 1971 to 27 percent in 1991 and is expected to it declines further to 22 percent by 2011. Using various demographic and spatial analysis techniques, this paper attempts to shows the effect of population growth on land-uses and subsequently on the regional environment. It also evaluates critically the development plan of the region. The dates it goes the study have obtained from the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority and Census of India.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE VETORES DA DOENÇA DE CHAGAS EM NÍVEL DOMICILIAR: UM ESTUDO NA ZONA RURAL DE UBERLÂNDIA (MG)
Authors: Macêdo Hélica Silva , Marçal Junior Oswaldo
Published: November 2022

A doença de Chagas é uma doença transmitida por vetor que afeta 18 a 25 milhões de pessoas no Continente Americano. Esta pesquisa avaliou a distribuição de vetores da doença de Chagas, em nível domiciliar, na região de Olhos d'Ã?gua, município de Uberlândia, MG. Foram investigados sítios e fazendas das seguintes localidades: Pindaíba, Mangue, d'água de Olhos e Tenda. Todas as casas foram investigadas, no intradomicílio e no peridomicílio. A captura de vetores (triatomíneos) foi realizada manualmente, utilizando pinças e frascos de coletores. Foram pesquisados 82 domicílios, dos quais 6,1%. tinham triatomíneos (Triatoma sordida e Rhodnius neglectus). Esses barbeiros foram encontrados dentro e fora das residências. Isto pode estar relacionado com a intensa fragmentação de matas da região, produzindo falta de recursos alimentares e de abrigo para os triatomíneos. Além disso, o combate bem sucedido de T. infestans. pode ter conduzido T. sordida e R. neglectus a expandir sua distribuição. O grande número de animais domésticos nas residências examinadas sugere que os mesmos possam ser hospedeiros alternativos dos barbeiros. Nossos resultados confirmam a ocorrência de triatomíneos em dÂ´Ã?gua de Olhos e mostram a sua capacidade para explorar o ambiente humano na área estudada.
VULNERABILIDADE DO AQUIFERO LIVRE NO PERÍMETRO URBANO DE RIO VERDE/GO: ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR UTILIZANDO-SE DADOS DE ESPESSURA DA ZONA VADOSA
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Antônio de
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho apresenta os índices preliminares de vulnerabilidade do Aquífero Bauru na Região de Rio Verde/GO. O Aquífero Bauru é um aquífero livre constituído principalmente por solos e rochas areníticas. Os resultados demonstram que 90% da área de estudos apresentam altos índices de vulnerabilidade. Na região, a água subterrânea é uma importante fonte de suprimento de água, embora, a água esteja contaminada por processos biológicos (bactérias).
TERRITORIALIDADES E SOCIABILIDADES NA FEIRA LIVRE DA CIDADE DE CAICÓ (RN)
Authors: Morais Ione Rodrigues Diniz , Araújo Marcos Antônio Alves de
Published: November 2022

Este artigo pretende analisar as territorialidades e sociabilidades tecidas na feira livre da cidade de Caicó, localizada na porção centro-meridional do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A feira livre dessa urbe, ocorrida expressivamente aos sábados, se constitui em um espaço onde inúmeros sujeitos sociais urdem suas relações econômicas, sociais e culturais. É no dia da feira que pessoas oriundas de outras regiões, do próprio município e da cidade se encontram, estabelecendo as territorialidades econômicas e, concomitantemente, tecendo as múltiplas sociabilidades. Feirantes e fregueses se apropriam, semanalmente, dos espaços centrais da cidade, protagonizando um espetáculo de compra, venda e permuta de variados produtos. Assim, a feira livre de Caicó, caracterizada como um dos eventos mais significativos do Estado, ainda se evidencia como um espaço preferencial dos transeuntes, que ao caminhar por suas sendas, realizam atos de comercialização e de trocas simbólicas e culturais.
A AGRICULTURA URBANA EM UBERLÂNDIA (MG)
Authors: Resende Sidivan Aparecido , Cleps Junior João
Published: November 2022

Esta pesquisa examina as atividades agrícolas existentes no espaço urbano de Uberlândia (MG), procurando perceber o seu papel e importância no contexto do desenvolvimento e, mais especificamente, no contexto do abastecimento e segurança alimentar locais. A Agricultura Urbana, concebida como um conjunto de atividades típicas do mundo rural (cultivo, criação, pesca etc.) que se desenvolvem próximas ou no interior das cidades, é o principal objeto desse estudo. Nosso propósito pode ser resumido no reconhecimento da realidade e da importância das atividades agrícolas no meio urbano do município de Uberlândia (MG), a partir da compreensão das interações entre os mundos rural e urbano.
MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS E DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO NA SERRA DO MAR – ANÁLISE A PARTIR DE SÉRIES HISTÓRICAS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO E SISTEMAS DE INFORMAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA (SIG)
Authors: Barbosa João Paulo Macieira
Published: November 2022

A identificação de montantes anuais de chuva para qualquer região é de suma importância para a elaboração de políticas publicas de urbanização e de desenvolvimento social. O litoral paulista localizado em área de clima tropical úmido, apresenta elevados montantes de precipitação no decorrer do ano. Esses montantes podem sofrer variações segundo interferências da própria dinâmica do clima quanto da conformação sócio-espacial do nosso recorte. Este trabalho visa a caracterização da evolução dessas alturas pluviométrica entre o período de 1970 a 1999. Para isto foram utilizados dados de 8 postos pluviométricos distribuídos segundo 3 repartições: Litoral Norte (4), Litoral Central (2) e Litoral Sul (2). A partir de técnicas estatísticas apropriadas, foram gerados dados a respeito das médias anuais em escala decadal segundo 3 períodos: PI - 1970/1979, PII - 1980/1989 e PIII - 1990/1999. Além disso, pretendemos nesse trabalho identificar o comportamento das chuvas no litoral do estado de São Paulo por meio de técnicas estatísticas apropriadas, identificando as tendências futuras sazonais e anuais da precipitação.
CARROCEIROS E EQUÍDEOS DE TRAÇÃO: UM PROBLEMA SÓCIO-AMBIENTAL
Authors: De Oliveira Liliane Martins , Marques Renata Leal , Nunes Carlos Henrique , Cunha Ana Maria de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Neste artigo apresentamos resultados de uma pesquisa envolvendo os carroceiros em atividade na cidade de Uberlândia e a forma com que tratam e exploram seus equídeos (equinos, asininos e mulas) de tração. Apresentamos e analisamos dados que incluem: o perfil sócio-econômico dos carroceiros; o tratamento dispensado aos equídeos; o número de acidentes envolvendo equídeos e as principais enfermidades desses animais de tração, levados ao Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Para o levantamento de dados, realizamos uma pesquisa diagnóstico-avaliativa que embora se insira nos domínios da pesquisa qualitativa, alguns dados foram coletados na forma quantitativa, ainda que analisados de forma descritiva. A obtenção dos dados foi viabilizada a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 30 carroceiros, uma pesquisa documental feita nos relatórios obtidos junto à  Polícia Militar entre 2003 e 2006 e aos arquivos do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia relativos ao período de 2002 a 2005 acrescidos de observações in loco com registros fotográficos.
ANÁLISE DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DA TERRA NA BACIA DA LAGOA DO PERI, FLORIANÓPOLIS (SC)
Authors: Cardozo Francielle da Silva , Pereira Gabriel , Agudo-Padrón Aisur Ignacio , Do Nascimento Cristiano , Abdalla Andreza
Published: November 2022

A sociedade brasileira passa por uma constante expansão demográfica, implicando, entre outros fatores, na intensa degradação ambiental na qual se vive atualmente. O desflorestamento, a pecuária, a criação de campos para a agricultura, assim como, as ocupações irregulares em encostas e áreas de preservação permanentes implicam em grandes modificações do meio-ambiente. O presente estudo procurou reunir e integrar o conhecimento geral disponível sobre a bacia hidrográfica da Lagoa do Peri, o maior reservatório natural de água doce existente no município de Florianópolis - Santa Catarina, localizado no perímetro da Unidade de Conservação de mesmo nome, na costa Leste-Sul da Ilha de Santa Catarina. Pretende-se, desta forma, enfatizar o gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos e análise do uso e ocupação da terra, incluindo informações sobre a legislação e justificativas que levaram a criação da sua categoria como área protegida e a evolução urbana que acontece na região.
A EXPERIÊNCIA VIVIDA NA RESERVA EXTRATIVISTA MARINHA BAÍA DO IGUAPE/BA: DIÁLOGO DE SABERES, PLANEJAMENTO, EDUCAÇÃO E AUTONOMIA
Authors: Santos Mario Alberto
Published: November 2022

Este artigo traz uma análise sobre a resex marinha baía do Iguape-BA, resultado de uma dissertação de mestrado. A partir da discussão sobre educação dialógica e planejamento comunitário, à luz da geografia humanística e da concepção sistêmica da vida, busca-se a colaboração na construção da autonomia social e individual entre a população da unidade. As transformações na legislação ambiental do Brasil resultam de anos de lutas e conquistas. O território das UC's de uso sustentável são espaços de resistência, onde a materialização do poder é primordial para seu planejamento e gestão. A coletividade e a eqÃ¼idade nas relações e decisões políticas e sociais compõem os princípios e diretrizes que regem as UC's de uso sustentável. A construção do planejamento comunitário, tendo a educação dialógica como instrumento e motivação, depende da aceitação do discurso do outro enquanto discurso do outro, uma relação dialógica que busca construir algo em comum. Neste sentido tem-se a autonomia individual enquanto meio para a autonomia social enquanto fim.
Online schema evolution is (almost) free for snapshot databases
Authors: Hu Tianxun , Wang Tianzheng , Zhou Qingqing
Published: November 2022

Modern database applications often change their schemas to keep up with the changing requirements. However, support for online and transactional schema evolution remains challenging in existing database systems. Specifically, prior work often takes ad hoc approaches to schema evolution with "patches" applied to existing systems, leading to many corner cases and often incomplete functionality. Applications therefore often have to carefully schedule downtimes for schema changes, sacrificing availability.

This paper presents Tesseract, a new approach to online and transactional schema evolution without the aforementioned drawbacks. We design Tesseract based on a key observation: in widely used multi-versioned database systems, schema evolution can be modeled as data modification operations that change the entire table, i.e., data-definition-as-modification (DDaM). This allows us to support schema almost "for free" by leveraging the concurrency control protocol. By simple tweaks to existing snapshot isolation protocols, on a 40-core server we show that under a variety of workloads, Tesseract is able to provide online, transactional schema evolution without service downtime, and retain high application performance when schema evolution is in progress.
Die ganze Breite architekturgeschichtlicher Forschung
Authors: Schwarting Andreas
Published: November 2022

In 1976, Wulf Schirmer, professor of architectural history at the University of Karlsruhe (TH), followed Heinrich Klotz as editor of the architectura and headed the editorial team until 2002. During this time, the journal developed into an open forum for the most diverse forms of research in architectural history – chronologically from the ruins of the 4th millennium BC to the architecture of the late 20th century, topographically from Europe, the Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, Asia and Russia to North and South America, and methodologically from architectural research to art history, architectural theory and the preservation of historical monuments.
»Learning from Las Vegas« Tianjin!
Authors: Falser Michael
Published: November 2022

From the perspective of architectural research, globalization is often reduced to a merely recent phenomenon of construction firms and star architects operating worldwide today. This article argues for a global architectural history that examines the globally effective processes of exchange and circulation of capital, labor, and the increasingly unified standards of form, style, and material in building practice from a historical perspective as well: architectural globalization, therefore, can also be traced back, among other constellations, to a phase of an entanglement of the world that coincided with the height of European imperialism and colonialism around 1900. As a case-study serves in this essay the International Concession (Settlement) of Tientsin in China, where between ca. 1860 and 1945 altogether nine imperial powers from Japan, Europe (also the German Empire) and the USA developed their trading posts as veritable city quarters with representative architectures. Irony of history back-translated into present times: Today, these urban and architectural fragments from imperial pasts are being appropriated as an integral part of a veritable cultural heritage industry in which China itself, with the megacity of Tianjin, is now presenting itself as a global player, not least in the means of architecture and urban planning.
Caffeine impairs anticonvulsant effects of levetiracetam in the maximal electroshock seizure threshold test in mice
Authors: Chwedorowicz Roman , Łukawski Krzysztof , Raszewski Grzegorz , Czuczwar Stanisław J.
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Caffeine is the most widely used psychoactive substance in the world. Animal studies indicate that acute caffeine exposure at high doses may induce seizures and diminish the anticonvulsant activity of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at much lower doses. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of caffeine on the anticonvulsant action of levetiracetam (LEV) and vigabatrin (VGB).

Methods

The anticonvulsant activity of LEV and VGB was examined in the maximal electroshock seizure threshold test in mice (MEST test). All drugs were administered intraperitoneally by single injections, and caffeine was applied at doses capable of interfering with AEDs. Effects of caffeine exposure on AEDs were also investigated in tests of memory and motor performance.

Results

Caffeine reduced the protective effect of LEV against electroconvulsions. Total brain concentration of LEV was unaffected by caffeine as well as inversely; LEV had no significant impact on the brain caffeine concentration, suggesting a pharmacodynamic nature of the interaction between LEV and caffeine in the MEST test. VGB at applied doses did not affect the convulsive threshold. Administration of VGB, but not LEV, alone or in combination with caffeine, impaired memory retention. In the chimney test, the combined treatment with AEDs and caffeine did not cause motor coordination impairment.

Conclusions

It is suggested that caffeine may negatively affect the anticonvulsant action of LEV in patients with epilepsy.
Interictal Gamma Event Connectivity Differentiates the Seizure Network and Outcome in Patients after Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Shamas Mohamad , Yeh Hsiang J. , Fried Itzhak , Engel Jerome , Staba Richard
Published: November 2022

Studies of interictal EEG functional connectivity in the epileptic brain seek to identify abnormal interactions between brain regions involved in generating seizures, which clinically often is defined by the seizure onset zone (SOZ). However, there is evidence for abnormal connectivity outside the SOZ (NSOZ), and removal of the SOZ does not always result in seizure control, suggesting, in some cases, that the extent of abnormal connectivity indicates a larger seizure network than the SOZ. To better understand the potential differences in interictal functional connectivity in relation to the seizure network and outcome, we computed event connectivity in the theta (4–8 Hz, ThEC), low-gamma (30–55 Hz, LGEC), and high-gamma (65–95 Hz, HGEC) bands from interictal depth EEG recorded in surgical patients with medication-resistant seizures suspected to begin in the temporal lobe. Analysis finds stronger LGEC and HGEC in SOZ than NSOZ of seizure-free (SF) patients (p = 1.10e-9, 0.0217), but no difference in not seizure-free (NSF) patients. There were stronger LGEC and HGEC between mesial and lateral temporal SOZ of SF than NSF patients (p = 0.00114, 0.00205), and stronger LGEC and ThEC in NSOZ of NSF than SF patients (p = 0.0089, 0.0111). These results show that event connectivity is sensitive to differences in the interactions between regions in SOZ and NSOZ and SF and NSF patients. Patients with differential strengths in event connectivity could represent a well-localized seizure network, whereas an absence of differences could indicate a larger seizure network than the one localized by the SOZ and higher likelihood for seizure recurrence.
Deletion ofNotch1during Cochlear Maturation Leads to Rapid Supporting Cell Death and Profound Deafness
Authors: Heffer Alison , Gilels Felicia A. , Kiernan Amy E.
Published: November 2022

The sensory region of the mammalian hearing organ contains two main cell types—hair cells and supporting cells. During development, Notch signaling plays an important role in whether a cell becomes either a hair cell or supporting cell by mediating lateral inhibition. However, once the cell fate decisions have been determined, little is understood about the role Notch plays in cochlear maturation. Here, we report that deletion ofNotch1from the early postnatal mouse cochlea in both male and female animals resulted in profound deafness at 6 weeks of age. Histologic analyses at 6 weeks revealed significant hair cell and supporting cell loss throughout theNotch1-deficient cochlea. Early analyses revealed a reduction in supporting cells in the outer hair cell region between postnatal day (P) 2 and P6, without a comparable increase in outer hair cell number, suggesting a mechanism other than lateral inhibition. Consistent with this, we found apoptotic cells in the outer supporting cell region of the cochlea at P1 and P2, indicating thatNotch1is required for outer supporting cell survival during early cochlear maturation. Interestingly, inner supporting cell types were not lost afterNotch1deletion. Surprisingly, we do not detect outer hair cell loss inNotch1mutants until after the onset of hearing, around P14, suggesting that hair cell loss is caused by loss of the supporting cells. Together, these results demonstrate thatNotch1is required for supporting cell survival during early maturation and that loss of these cells causes later loss of the hair cells and cochlear dysfunction.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDuring development, Notch signaling has been shown to be critical in regulating the cell fate choices between hair cells and supporting cells. However, little is known about how Notch functions after those cell fate choices are made. Here, we examine the role ofNotch1in the maturing cochlea. We demonstrate that deletion ofNotch1results in profound deafness by 6 weeks of age. Histologic analyses revealed rapid supporting cell death shortly afterNotch1deletion, followed by eventual loss of the hair cells. These results reveal an unexpected role for Notch in supporting cell survival during cochlear maturation.
Pengaruh Komposisi Tepung Sorgum dan Tepung Singkong terhadap Penerimaan Brownies Muffin
Authors: Priyanti Esteria , Kurnianingsih Kurnianingsih
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengembangkan produk brownies berbahan dasar tepung sorgum dan tepung singkong. Modifikasi juga dilakukan pada bentuk brownies yang menyerupai muffin sehingga menghasilkan produk Brownies Muffin. Diharapkan pemanfaatan tepung sorgum dan tepung singkong dapat menjadi inovasi baru dalam pengembangan produk Brownies Muffin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh komposisi tepung sorgum dan tepung singkong terhadap penerimaan warna, tekstur, aroma, dan rasa Brownies Muffin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen. Pembuatan produk Brownies Muffin dilakukan dengan mengatur jumlah tepung sorgum (25%, 50%, dan 75%) dan tepung singkong (75%, 50%, dan 25%). Uji hedonik melibatkan 30 orang panelis tidak terlatih. Analisis statistik yang digunakan yaitu uji nonparametrik Kruskal Wallis dan uji lanjut Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi tepung sorgum dan tepung singkong tidak berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan aroma, tekstur, warna, dan rasa dari Brownies Muffin.
Dialect Grapholects at the Beginning of the 21st Century as a Manifestation of the Vitality and Continuity of Dialectal Codes
Authors: Aliūkaitė Daiva , Meiliūnaitė Violeta
Published: November 2022

The paper presents a case study on written dialectality. The material used for the research is the Eastern Aukštaitian (EA) texts published in the almanacs titled “A Waking Spring” (“Bundanti versmė”) (2013, 2014). The paper develops an approach for “reading” written dialectality, provides theoretical insights about the concept of a dialect grapholect, presents a dialectological analysis of the EA texts, assessing the vitality of the distinctive features, and also includes commentary on the non-standard spelling choices applied to reflect these features through the grapholect. In the given paper written dialectality is considered to be an indication of the vitality and continuity of dialectal codes because, unlike in oral dialectality, the informants-authors put effort into demonstrating dialect. The distinctive features of the EA and of its subdialects represented in the grapholects suggest the idea of their vitality in apparent time. The orthographic choices of the informants-authors are considered as dialect respelling. The EA grapholect is found to be fluctuating, while the orthographic choices for conveying the features of the subdialects are somewhat more stable, however, still in a stage of development as well. Therefore, it is more accurate to discuss the grapholects (plural), rather than a grapholect (singular) of the EA or the subdialect.
INVESTIGACIÓN CUANTITATIVA E INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA: BUSCANDO LAS VENTAJAS DE LAS DIFERENTES METODOLOGÍAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN
Authors: Ugalde Binda Nadia , Balbastre-Benavent Francisco
Published: November 2022

El proceso investigativo tiene como propósito final producir conocimiento a través de la resolución del problema establecido al inicio del estudio. Así pues, bajo la etiqueta demetodología de investigación se hace referencia a todas las decisiones que el investigador toma para alcanzar sus objetivos, las cuales se enfocan en aspectos tales como el diseño de la investigación, la estrategia a utilizar, la muestra a estudiar, los métodos empleados para recoger los datos, las técnicas seleccionadas para el análisis de los resultados y los criterios para incrementar la calidad del trabajo, entre otras. Los diseños de investigación actuales giran en torno a dos grandes paradigmas: el modelo cuantitativo y el modelo cualitativo. Este artículo hace una revisión teórica de ambos modelos y explica en qué consisten y cuándo es apropiado utilizar cada uno.