bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENHANCING SUSTAINABILITY AND REDUCING CUSTOMER TECHNOSTRESS THROUGH FOOD-ORDERING APPS
Authors:   Social Studies Department, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, HABOBATI Maha S. , HASSAN Thowayeb H. ,   Social Studies Department, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 400, Saudi Arabia; Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt, HELAL Mohamed Y. ,   Hotel Management Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt, BILALOV Bahadur A. ,   Department of Tourism Business, Azerbaijan University of Tourism and Management, Baku, Azerbaijan, ALI Omar M. ,   Arabic Language Department, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, ELSHAWARBI Nabila N. ,   Hotel Management Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: December 2023

To investigate customer technostress antecedents and consequences of the restaurants’ food-ordering apps and suggest a coping strategy (i.e., customer orientation). This qualitative study relied on twenty-three semi-structured interviews with Egyptian restaurant customers and managers to understand the customer technostress caused when using food-ordering apps. The study found that restaurant customers experience technostress due to app complexity, security and privacy concerns, frequent app changes, feelings of diminished control, and time constraints. These app-related techno stressors cause customer dissatisfaction and purchasing reluctance. The study also found that not all restaurants adopt a responsive and proactive customer orientation to reduce food-ordering app technostress. However, customers were satisfied with proactive restaurants revealing technostress from food-ordering apps. This study is the first research in the hospitality industry to use Transactional Stress Theory (TST) to investigate the antecedents and consequences and suggest a customer orientation as a coping strategy of customer technostress from food-ordering apps from the perspectives of customers and restaurant managers. As a result, restaurants can be proactive and responsively customer-oriented to overcome customer technostress from food-ordering apps by considering the customers' concerns to satisfy and retain customers and attract new ones.
A REVIEW OF DOMESTIC TOURISM RESILIENCE RESEARCH AGENDA IN AFRICA POST-COVID-19
Authors:   Tourism Management, Faculty of Human Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa, KIFWORO Catherine , DUBE Kaitano ,   Ecotourism Management, Faculty of Human Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
Published: December 2023

Domestic tourism emerged as a recovery strategy post-COVID-19. This study sought to identify domestic tourism research agendas in Africa post-COVID-19. Following a document review methodology, data was collected via an electronic search of journal articles on the Web of Science and SCOPUS. A total of 42 articles were reviewed and analysed using thematic analysis. It was established that product development, marketing, resilience, sustainability and measurement of domestic tourism were the main research agendas. Domestic tourism emerged as a complement rather than a substitute for international tourism. The study sets the agenda for African domestic tourism resilience and sustainability research.
ENERGY TRAILS OF TOURISM: ANALYZING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURIST ARRIVALS AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN MALAYSIA
Authors:   Institute of Climate Change, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, RAIHAN Asif , VOUMIK Liton Chandra ,   Department of Economics, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh, ESQUIVIAS Miguel Angel ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University, Indonesia, RIDZUAN Abdul Rahim ,   nstitute for Big Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (IBDAAI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia; University of Religions and Denominations, Qom, Iran; Faculty of Business Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Melaka Campus, Malaysia, Centre for Economic Development and Policy (CEDP), Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia; Accounting Research Institute (ARI), University Teknologi MARA, Malaysia, YUSOFF Nora Yusma Mohamed ,   Institute of Energy Policy and Research, University Tenaga Nasional, Putrajaya, Malaysia, HARIS FADZILAH Asmaul Husna ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, University Malaysia Sawarak, Malaysia, MALAYARANJAN Sahoo ,   Institute of Energy Policy and Research, University Tenaga Nasional, Putrajaya, Malaysia
Published: December 2023

This study aims to investigate the long-term relationship between Malaysian tourism, energy consumption, and their association with economic growth, and financial development, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. Utilizing annual data spanning from 1990 to 2020, this research examines how increased international tourist arrivals, economic growth, and financial development contribute to energy consumption in Malaysia. The study's findings reveal that growing tourism escalates energy demands for transportation, accommodation, and leisure activities. Furthermore, economic expansion drives energy usage through business expansion and increased industrial activities. Financial progress facilitates capital accessibility, leading to investments in energy-intensive sectors. In conclusion, to ensure sustainable future energy demand, this study underscores the importance of eco-friendly tourism practices that stimulate economic growth while minimizing emissions. Sustainable economic and financial strategies are also essential.
THE DESTRUCTION OF CRETE (TIS KRITIS O CHALASMOS): A POEM ON THE EARTHQUAKE IN CRETE IN 1508
Authors: KIRLIDÖKME MOLLAOĞLU Ferhan
Published: December 2023

At the beginning of the 16th century, in 1508, a very strong earthquake hit the island of Crete causing great destruction, especially in its eastern part. Manolis Sklavos, a poet, who is unknown to us from elsewhere, accounted in the Destruction of Crete (Tis Kritis o chalasmos) a poem of about three hundred verses, the tragic moments of the earthquake, the victims and the damage to the buildings. In his poem, Sklavos emphasized that the earthquake was a divine punishment that occurred due to people’s sins, and therefore called them to pray and repent. The Destruction of Crete is one most important historical sources of this earthquake. In this poem, we believe that the name “Crete” refers only to the city of Candia and not to the island in general. Based on the content of the poem, we may assume that Manolis Sklavos was a native of Candia and that he was in the city at the time of the earthquake. Another important source about the 1508 earthquake in Crete is the letter of Girolamo Donato, the Venetian Duke of Crete, dated July 15, 1508.
Moving Beyond POCs and Pilots to Mainstream: Discovery and Lessons from Blockchain in Healthcare
Authors: Krishnasamy, MS Sathya , Gopalakrishnan, PhD Badri Narayanan
Published: December 2023

Blockchain technologies has been in the forefront of innovation and is maturing at a fast pace with fintech leading the way. Though the innovation in the permissionless space is high, the enterprise adoption has still not caught up. The reasons include a variety of reasons including inadequate understanding of the technology, full awareness even in enterprises, unclear regulations, and lack of exploration and evangelism to really understand the reimagination of shared enterprise business processes. Most enterprise blockchain efforts are run from a small exploratory group in large companies and has NOT moved beyond pilots or limited production tryouts in to mainstream adoption at scale. This is because there is not much knowledge about what is possible for reimagining current business processes which are mostly unilateral.  This is more obvious in healthcare. A horizontal transformation enabler like the blockchain technology can effect collaborative business processes in a networked world. This paper explores the root causes for the challengesand suggests a methodology for discovery of the key inflection points for potential collaborative business processes and  the re-engineering that would be needed. Blockchain in enterprise are not an isolated piece of technology, and has to interact with the enterprise assets, and there has to be mechanisms for aggregating the data that is meaningful to the counter parties for shared collaboration. Equally important is solid and a stair-stepping change management plan for the blockchain efforts to meet operations mainstream and gradually move the operations to the end state. Possibilities and results of the collaborative processes have to be shown in meticulous economic rigor for any possibilities of blockchain efforts getting the enterprise portfolio dollars against many enterprise systems that are already overloading budgets. The paper will cite the journey in a reference implementation with results, findings at the technical, functional, operational and change management levels for healthcare administration executives and portfolio managers.
Is the New Path a Modified Old Path?
Authors: Zakirova Aksana , Alff Henryk , Schmidt Matthias
Published: December 2023

This article reviews the Soviet legacy in relation to contemporary cotton production in south-western Tajikistan and asks why farmers are still locked in to Soviet cotton production policies and practices despite post-Soviet regulatory, societal and environmental changes. With hindsight on Soviet agricultural production policies in Central Asia, this contribution scrutinises the perception of smallholder dehkhan farmers towards continued cotton production as a primary crop choice, which continues to occupy most of the irrigated land in the Khatlon region. For the analyses of the post-Soviet agricultural developments, the paper applies a path dependence conceptual framework by positing the significance of historical and social contexts in policymaking and socio-economic development in cotton production. Fieldwork data collected in two districts of Khatlon region are used to explain that despite post-independence land reforms and the abolishment of Soviet authority over cotton production, smallholder dehkhan farmers are still cultivating cotton as a primary crop under deteriorating land and irrigation conditions.
Diabetes-correcting and antioxidant effects of grape pomace extract rich in natural complex of polyphenols
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Skorobahatko Viktoriia , Sabadashka Mariya ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Chala Dariya ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Sybirna Nataliia ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: December 2023

Background. The positive health effects of polyphenols have led to an increased scientific interest in these natural compounds over the past decade. Many studies confirm the effectiveness of polyphenols as additional therapy in diabetes, especially due to the sugar-lowering effect of polyphenols. The aim of the research was to investigate the morphological and functional state of peripheral blood erythrocytes and the indices of oxidative stress in the liver of rats with experimental diabetes and after the administration of grape pomace extract rich in natural complex of polyphenols. Materials and Methods. We obtained grape pomace extract, which contains a variety of polyphenolic compounds. Rats of the following groups were used in the experiments: control animals, animals treated with grape pomace extract rich in natural complex of polyphenols for 14 days, animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, and animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus treated with grape pomace extract rich in natural complex of polyphenols for 14 days. The number of erythrocytes and reticulocytes, the concentration of hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin were determined in the peripheral blood of rats. The activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance and carbonyl groups of proteins were determined in the liver tissues of rats. Results. The study has shown an increase in the number of erythrocytes and the level of hemoglobin, a decrease in the level of glycated hemoglobin and the number of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood of rats after administration of grape pomace extract rich in natural complex of polyphenols to rats with experimental diabetes. A decrease in the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance and the content of carbonyl groups of proteins of neutral and basic character and an increase in the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in liver tissues were found under the same conditions. Conclusions. The results indicate that the extract of the natural complex of polyphenols is capable of correcting the morphological and functional state of erythrocytes, as well as improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of marker molecules of oxidative stress in hepatocytes of rats under experimental diabetes mellitus.
Spatial and functional structure of the population area in plants – the need for differentiation
Authors:   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Kyyak Volodymyr , Bilonoha Volodymyr ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Kyyak Natalia ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Considering the population as a homogeneous phenomenon in the process of studying its demography devalues the principle of systemic analysis. Therefore, there is a need to improve methods for identifying intra-population components and clari­fying their role in the functioning of the population. This article is devoted to detailing the spatial (and demographic) structure of the population. Within the area occupied by the population, it is necessary to differentiate components that differ significantly in terms of both environmental conditions and population characteristics. Structuring of the population area is proposed in accordance with localization of different functional groups. Namely, it is proposed to distinguish the potential, total, realized, effective and regeneration areas of the population. The potential area refers to the part of the territory with favorable ecological and phytocenotic conditions for the existence of the population. It includes the surrounding territory, which is potentially suitable for colonization. The total area of the population spans the territory within the boundaries of which its individuals of different age states are distributed. The realized area is the total area occupied by population loci and population individuals. It does not include significant unoccupied spaces between loci and individuals. The effective area is part of the territory where reproductive plants are located. The regenerative area refers to the part of the territory where seed sprouts exist and develop to the state of adult reproductive plants. Effective and regenerative areas are of particular importance for preserving rare perennial plant species in nature. They differ significantly in their conditions and volu­mes from the total and realized areas. Besides, they are mostly concentrated locally, not distributed over the entire population area. Differentiation of the structure of the population area into individual components is, in our opinion, a promising methodical approach to ecological research. It is important to differentiate the accounting of various structural components of the population area during population monitoring.
Taxonomic diversity of litter and soil invertebrates and the structure of dominance of their communities under the influence of natural afforestation of model plots in Western Polissia
Authors:   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Tsaryk Inna , Yavornytskyi Vasyl ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Reshetylo Ostap ,   Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine; Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: December 2023

Background. Composition of tree species plays an important role in the structural and functional organization of soil invertebrates during the process of afforestation, which affects the trophic structure of soil invertebrate communities. The accumulation of dead plant residues depends on trophic specialization of the mesofauna complex, where saprophaga plays a significant role, particularly under the conditions of an increasing variety and thickness of litter. The aim of the research is to determine the current status of taxonomic diversity of litter-soil mesofauna, as well as the structural and functional organization of their communities in model plots with natural afforestation in Western Polissia. Materials and Methods. The model plots are located on the area of Western Polissia that belongs to the mixed forest zone with the dominance of pine; meadow vegetation is located on the places of drained swamps or logged forests. The studied model plots are located in Kolesa (six transects) and Kulevytske tracts (three transects). The sampling of litter-soil mesofauna was accomplished in 2019 by means of Barber pitfall traps, and its inventory was conducted by standard in soil zoology methods. Results and Discussion. The conducted research revealed high taxonomic diversity of litter-soil mesofauna on the transects of both model plots. Altogether we found the representatives of about 170 genera of 64 families from 6 classes of 3 phyla. The diversity of invertebrates within Kolesa model plot (180 taxa) is a bit lower compared to Kulevytske one (200 taxa). The obtained data allow us to estimate the changes taking place in the mesofauna communities under the influence of natural afforestation process. Despite the fact that all the invertebrate communities consist of approximately the same number of species (taxa) and have similar quantitative indicators of dynamic density, they show their own specifics in terms of the ratio of invertebrate trophic specialization. Conclusion. The study found that litter-soil invertebrates are largely dependent on the composition of ecosystem plant component and the condition of the habitat created during the ecological succession. Considering the investigated transects as separate biogeocoenotic ecosystems, we can conclude that the more vegetation approaches its natural status (forest), the more dominant saprophaga trophic group of mesofauna becomes.
Чинники ризику розвитку дистресу, пов’язаного з цукровим діабетом, у населення України
Authors: Юзвенко Т. Ю. , Паньків В. І. , Ткач С. М. , Крушинська З. Г. , Корсак Ю.
Published: December 2023

Пов’язаний із цукровим діабетом (ЦД) дистрес — це психологічний синдром, який спричиняє погіршення перебігу і прогнозу пацієнтів із ЦД. Цукровий діабет значною мірою впливає на психосоціальне благополуччя та психічне здоров’я, що виявляється у вигляді депресії, тривоги та стресу, постійного страху перед гіпоглікемічними станами, порушеннями харчових звичок та розвитку дистресу як найпоширенішого психологічного коморбідного розладу.
Мета роботи — оцінити пов’язаний із ЦД дистрес та чинники його розвитку в дорослих хворих на ЦД в Україні за допомогою шкали діабетичного дистресу (DDS‑17).
Матеріали та методи. У період з березня до вересня 2023 року проведено перехресний аналіз за участю 126 пацієнтів із ЦД віком від 18 до 72 років (в середньому (48,2±6,9) року). Серед учасників дослідження було 93 (73,8%) жінки і 33 (26,2%) чоловіки. Визначали демографічні (стать, вік, маса тіла та зріст) і соціальні (сімейний стан, зайнятість, місце проживання) показники. Розраховували індекс маси тіла (ІМТ) з розподілом на три категорії: нормальна, надмірна маса тіла та ожиріння. Анкета містить запитання про паління, сімейний стан, зайнятість, місце проживання (постійна адреса або внутрішньо переміщені особи), історію хвороби (ЦД, ускладнення) та схему лікування ЦД (пероральні протидіабетичні засоби, інсулін або їхнє поєднання).
Результати. У хворих на ЦД віком понад 40 років зареєстровано достовірно вищі показники емоційного стресу порівняно з молодшими пацієнтами (72,9% проти 46,3%, р=0,034). Внутрішньо переміщені особи з ЦД мали статистично значущо більший дистрес (90,8% проти 61,3%, р=0,023). У пацієнтів з ожирінням також зафіксували сильний дистрес (68,1% у порівнянні з особами з надмірною масою тіла — 48,1%; р=0,039). Схожі результати виявлено в неодружених (розлучених або овдовілих) і одружених учасників (78,3% і 49,2%; р=0,037). Установлено прямий кореляційний зв’язок між станом компенсації ЦД і дистресом. Хворі з рівнем глікованого гемоглобіну >6,5% і 5,7 — 6,4% мали помірний або сильний дистрес (45,3 і 40,6%; р=0,048).
Висновки. Частота пов’язаного з ЦД дистресу в Україні є високою. Він поширеніший серед внутрішньо переміщених осіб, а також серед хворих з вищим рівнем HbA1c, неодружених осіб і пацієнтів, які отримують комплексну схему лікування. Скринінг на діабетичний дистрес і надання кращої психологічної підтримки хворим можуть оптимізувати клінічні результати.
Unveiling the Creative Dynamics: Actors in Innovative Technology Platform Companies
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Volkova T. I.
Published: December 2023

The study focuses on the creative potential of key actors in leading innovative technology platform companies, aiming to understand the intricate internal interactions within these platforms. While researchers have extensively explored transactional platforms, there is a gap in understanding the mechanisms of interaction in innovative technological platforms. The article highlights the institutional-priority creative determinant in the economic trends of platform-network development. Using the methodology of interdisciplinary synthesis, the author develops an integrated model based on the creative potential of internal actors, competitive intellectual products, and the total creative potential of both internal and external actors. The study concludes by outlining potential applications of the developed model in shaping national champions for scientific, technological, and economic security, along with discussing the prospects and risks of state regulation for innovative technology platform companies.
Budget Investments in Municipal Development Strategies in Russia
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Pasynkov A. F.
Published: December 2023

In recent years, in Russia, strategies for the socio-economic development of municipalities have become widespread, following the enactment of Federal Law No. 172-FZ "On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation" in 2014. However, a prevalent issue in these strategies is the lack of an investment plan utilizing budget resources, which is essential for achieving key social indicators. Sources of investment financing are often either not included in the text of strategies or remain unspecified. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to reveal the factors contributing to the mismatch between the investment plans outlined in the strategy for the socio-economic development of municipalities and the actual capabilities of territories to secure the necessary financial resources. The study systematizes and compares empirical data to explore the socio-economic deve­lopment strategies of 15 municipalities in Sverdlovsk region. The goal is to shed light on the details of analy­zing and forecasting the financial resources of these territories. The results suggest that these characteristics are generally underdeveloped in most areas. To assess the real capabilities of municipalities in budgetary investments, data on capital investments in 2022 were analyzed, considering funding sources from federal, regional, and municipal budgets, both in gross and relative terms (per resident of the study area). On average, municipal budgets’ own funds allocated for investment constitute only 15 % of all budget resources earmarked for these purposes. Notably, the primary contributors to capital investments in Sverdlovsk region are funds from the regional (over a half) and federal budgets (just under a third). However, the distribution of these funds among municipalities is highly uneven, with the majority being directed toward the capital of Sverdlovsk region. The insights from this study can be valuable for government and municipal authorities in effectively implementing strategic planning and forecasting.
A Critical Perspective on the Mobilization Model of Management
Authors:   HSE University, Fonotov A. G.
Published: December 2023

In response to the growing complexity of socio-economic challenges in the past decade, this article critically evaluates the suitability of the Mobilization Management Model (MM) for the current Russian economy. By scrutinizing factors like economic activity, market relations maturity, and the global impact of the communication revolution, the study applies methods of phenomenological analysis to examine the key aspects related to the mobilization of the Russian economy. Looking back at the distant past often prevents us from seeing the weaknesses of the mobilization concept and overlooks the challenge of applying methods from one era to another, especially when they are very different. Therefore, the article highlights the necessity of integra­ting modern management methods and tools. It explores the consequences of the model’s implementation in today’s conditions and investigates the potential for its modernization through artificial intelligence tools. The article concludes by recommending the limited use of MM in specific priority projects, showing the importance of further research into the opportunities and risks associated with mobilization models enhanced by advanced management tools like neural networks, big data analysis, and artificial intelligence, tailored to the specificities of various areas of activity.
Effects of Levonorgestrel Combined with GnRH-a Drug-Assisted Focused Ultrasound Ablation on PI3K/PTEN Signaling Pathway in Adenomyosis
Authors: Fang Haiya , Hong Cuihua , Gong Xiaoqin
Published: December 2023

Background: Adenomyosis is a gynecological benign lesion caused by the invasion of endometrium and stroma into normal myometrium. To further improve the treatment of adenomyosis, the objective of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system, combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) drug-assisted focused ultrasound ablation, in the treatment of adenomyosis and its effect on phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PI3K/PTEN) signal pathway. Methods: A study was conducted in subjects aged 28–54 years with adenomyosis, treated in our hospital. A total of 87 subjects were assigned to a control group (n = 41), which was given focused ultrasound ablation, and a study group (n = 46), which was given focused ultrasound ablation + GnRH-a + levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system, depending on the different treatment methods. The follow-up time was 12 months, and the treatment effect, adverse reaction, and PI3K/PTEN signal pathway related protein level were compared between the two groups. Results: After 12 months intervention, it was corroborated significant difference between focused ultrasound ablation group and the focused ultrasound ablation + GnRH-a + levonorgestrel group in uterine volume, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) score, and serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels. In terms of proteins level in the eutopic endometrial tissue, it was observed notably higher levels of PTEN and notably lower levels of protein kinase B (AKT) and p-AKT in the study group versus control group, 12 months after treatment. Conclusions: Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system combined with GnRH-a drug-assisted focused ultrasound ablation is more effective in the treatment of adenomyosis, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of the expression of molecules related to PI3K/PTEN signal pathway.
Dysmenorrhea: Epidemiology, Causes and Current State of the Art for Treatment
Authors: Francavilla Roberta , Petraroli Maddalena , Messina Giulia , Stanyevic Brigida , Bellani Arianna Maria , Esposito Susanna MR , Street Maria E.
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This narrative review analyzes current knowledge on the pathophysiology of dysmenorrhea and the different therapeutic options currently available for adolescents and young women. Mechanism: Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological disorder among adolescents and young adult women. This condition can have a strong negative impact on the quality of life involving both physical and mental health. Although physiopathological mechanisms have been hypothesised there is still a poor understanding of this condition. Findings in Brief: The prevalence of dysmenorhea is quite variable depending on different studies but overall high. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the preferred initial treatment; hormonal therapy, alone or in combination with non-hormonal treatments, is generally the next treatment option. There are evidences of the efficacy of non-pharmacological treatment, thus, these must be considered. Grading the intensity of pain would be of importance to address therapeutic choices and treatment options. Conclusions: To date there are yet many gaps in the understanding of dysmenorrhea that to do not allow any real personalized treatment. These gaps need to be filled in order to improve and target future treatment.
Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on IVF/ICSI-ET Outcomes: A Propensity Score-matched Cohort Study
Authors: Li Yanhui , Ding Xiaofang , Luo Dan , Li Tao , Liu Yi , Ding Hui
Published: December 2023

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is continually evolving, and the worldwide epidemic is still ongoing. There is conflicting evidence regarding how SAS-CoV-2 infection affects the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment were affected during the acute period of SARS-CoV-2 infection or immediately after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, SARS-CoV-2-infected couples who underwent IVF treatment at Wuhan Union Hospital within the first three months following the lifting of the pandemic policy in mainland China were propensity-score matched (PSM) to uninfected couples who received IVF during the dynamic COVID-zero policy. Following matching, 358 and 698 patients were assigned to the SARS-CoV-2-infected and uninfected groups, respectively. The laboratory and clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results: The blastocyst formation rates were considerably lower in the infected group than in the uninfected group. Stratification by time from SARS-CoV-2 infection to oocyte retrieval (≤30, 31~60, 61~90 and ≥90 days) revealed that both blastocyst formation and available blastocyst rates were significantly decreased when oocyte retrieval was performed 31~60 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, after the first embryo transfer cycle, there were no significant differences in the rates of embryo implantation, biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy or early abortion between the two matched cohorts. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection had no effect on clinical outcomes after the first embryo transfer cycle; however, the rate of blastocyst formation was considerably lower in couples who received IVF treatment 31~60 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection, indicating that SARS-CoV-2 infection may continue to impair embryo developmental potential.
Impact of COVID-19 on Cytomegalovirus Immunoglobulin M Antibody Index
Authors: Kaneko Masatoki , Muraoka Junsuke , Yang Li , Tokunaga Shuichi , Minematsu Toshio
Published: December 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) influenced the prevalence of other infectious diseases, including congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. However, the effect of COVID-19 on antibody titers has not been reported. This study aimed to explore the influence of COVID-19 on levels of CMV immunoglobulin M (IgM) in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included pregnant women who visited the University Hospital due to CMV IgM positivity during the 7th and 8th waves of COVID-19. Data, including maternal characteristics, history of COVID-19, CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM index, and IgG avidity index (AI) were collected. Chemiluminescent immunoassay was performed to measure levels of IgG and IgM. Polymerase chain reaction using neonatal urine was performed to confirm congenital infection. Results: Of the 89 pregnant women, 36 (40%) (low IgG AI: n = 10; high IgG AI: n = 26) contracted COVID-19. Among 21 women with low IgG AI, 9 (false IgM positive: n = 8; primary infection: n = 1) had an IgG AI of 0. Among the eight women with false IgM positivity, six (75%) contracted COVID-19. The IgM index of pregnant women with false IgM positivity was 12.6 ± 10.9. Meanwhile, the CMV IgM index of pregnant women with false IgM positivity in the non-COVID-19-infected group was 1.7 ± 0.5. When the IgM indices of women who contracted (n = 36) and did not contract (n = 53) COVID-19 were compared, the IgM index of infected women (4.4 ± 5.7) was higher than those of non-infected women (2.7 ± 3.0) (p = 0.01). Regarding IgM and IgG AI, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that there were no significantly different variables between the two groups. Conclusions: High prevalence of false IgM positivity was observed among women who contracted COVID-19. The IgM index of pregnant women with false IgM positivity was high. Caution should be exercised in interpreting CMV IgM indices in pregnant women with a history of COVID-19.
An Insight into Biochemical Characterization and Explorations of Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Antidiabetic Activities by Trachyspermum ammi Nanosuspensions
Authors: Jabeen Rizwana , Ali Tayyab , Naeem Muhammad , Hussain Fatma , Danish Subhan , Alahmadi Tahani Awad , Samdani Mohammad Shahzad , Ansari Mohammad Javed
Published: December 2023

Background: Trachyspermum ammi is a frequently utilized traditional medicinal plant renowned for its pharmacological attributes, particularly in the realm of treating infectious diseases. This current study aims to comprehensively assess the in vitro properties of freshly prepared nanosuspensions derived from Trachyspermum ammi extracts, with a focus on their cost-effective potential in various areas, including antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and antidiabetic activities. Methods: Biochemical characterization of T. ammi nanosuspensions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. Results: HPLC analysis revealed the presence of kaempferol and sinapic acid in various amounts at 11.5 ppm and 12.3 ppm, respectively. FTIR analysis of T. ammi powder revealed the presence of alcohols and amines. The assessment of antioxidant activity was conducted using a DPPH scavenging assay, indicating that the nanosuspensions exhibited their highest free radical scavenging activity, reaching 14.9%. Nanosuspensions showed 3.75 ± 3.529.5% biofilm inhibition activity against Escherichia coli. The antidiabetic activity was accessed through antiglycation and α- amylase inhibition assays, while nanosuspension showed the maximum inhibition activity at 25.35 ± 0.912133% and 34.6 ± 1.3675%. Hemolytic activity was also evaluated, and T. ammi nanosuspension showed 22.73 ± 1.539% hemolysis. Conclusions: This nanotechnology approach has established a foundation to produce plant-based nanosuspensions, offering a promising avenue for the biopharmaceutical production of herbal nanomedicines. These nanosuspensions have the potential to enhance bioavailability and can serve as a viable alternative to synthetic formulations.
GluN2A Mediates PS-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior by Activating CaMKII and Inhibiting Myelinization
Authors: Huang Huimei , Jiang Hongli , Sun Hongli
Published: December 2023

Background: Prenatal stress (PS) can induce depression in offspring, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Objective: The aim of this work was to investigate the mechanism that underlies PS-induced depressive-like behavior in offspring. Methods: A prenatal restraint stress procedure was developed in which pregnant rats at GD14 to GD20 were placed head-first into a well-ventilated bottle three times each day and for 45 min each time. Depressive-like behavior in the male offspring was examined using the sucrose preference test (SPT) and the forced swim test (FST). The level of glutamate and the expression levels of GluN2A, p-CaMKII and myelin basic protein (MBP) in the hippocampus of PS-susceptible (PS-S) offspring were also evaluated. To clarify the mechanism by which PS leads to depression in offspring, the effects of excessive corticosterone were also investigated using an in vitro “injured neuronal” model. Results: The glutamate level in the hippocampus of PS-S male offspring was significantly elevated compared to controls. The expression levels of GluN2A and p-CaMKII were also altered. In addition, the optical density of MBP staining and the expression levels of MBP mRNA and MBP protein were decreased, demonstrating impaired myelinization in the hippocampus. Treatment of PS-S offspring with the GluN2A receptor antagonist NVP-AAM077 resulted in antidepressant-like effects in the FST, as well as rescue of the MBP and p-CaMKII abnormalities. Conclusions: These findings indicate that GluN2A is a promising target in the development of pharmacotherapies for PS-induced depression.
Fatty Acid Metabolism: A New Perspective in Breast Cancer Precision Therapy
Authors: He Mengye , Xu Suzhen , Yan Feifei , Ruan Jian , Zhang Xiaochen
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer has a special tumor microenvironment compared to other solid tumors, which is usually surrounded by a large number of adipocytes that can produce and secrete fatty acids and adipokines. Adipocytes have a remodeling effect on breast cancer lipid metabolism, while fatty acids and lipid droplets can make breast cancer cells more aggressive. Lipid metabolism, especially the synthesis of fatty acids, is an important cellular process for membrane biosynthesis, energy storage, and signal molecule production. Therefore, blocking the lipid supply to cancer cells or changing the lipid composition has an important impact on the signal transmission and cell proliferation of cancer cells. Alterations in lipid availability can also affect cancer cell migration, induction of angiogenesis, metabolic symbiosis, evasion of immune surveillance, and cancer drug resistance. Fatty acid synthesis and metabolism have received extensive attention as potential targets for cancer therapy, and studies on modulating the tumor lipid microenvironment to improve the sensitivity of antitumor drugs have also been discussed; however, strategies to target these processes have not been translated into clinical practice.
Unlocking the Potential: Synergistic Effects of Solid SNEDDS and Lyophilized Solid Dispersion to Enhance Stability Attributes
Authors: Tashish Ahmad Yousef , Shahba Ahmad Abdul-Wahhab , Alanazi Fars Kaed , Kazi Mohsin
Published: December 2023

Background: Among lipid-based formulations, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have captured a spotlight, captivating both academia and the pharmaceutical industry. These remarkable formulations offer a valuable option, yet their liquid form presents certain challenges for delivering poorly soluble drugs. Ensuring compatibility with capsule shells, maintaining physical and chemical stability, and understanding their impact on lipolysis remain vital areas of exploration. Therefore, the incorporation of this liquid formulation into a solid dosage form (S-SNEDDS) is compelling and desirable. S-SNEDDSs, prepared by adsorption, enhances formulation stability but retards drug dissolution. This study aims to design drug-free solid S-SNEDDS + solid dispersion (SD) as a novel combination to enhance cinnarizine (CN) stability upon storage while maintaining enhanced drug dissolution. Methods: Drug-free liquid SNEDDSs were solidified using Neusilin® US2 at a 1:1 ratio. CN-SDs were prepared using freeze-drying technology. The SDs that were developed underwent characterization using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In vitro lipolysis studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of the combined system on the performance of the formulation upon exposure to enzymes within biorelevant media. Results: In agreement with the DSC and XRD results, FTIR confirmed the amorphization of CN within the freeze-dried solid dispersion (FD-SD) systems. The in vitro lipolysis studies showed that the drug-free S-SNEDDS + SD combination was able to maintain a significant portion of the initial CN in solution even in the presence of lipase for up to 30 min. The accelerated stability studies showed that the drug-free S-SNEDDS + SD combination maintained 96% intact CN in an amorphous state and more than 90% release at pH 1.2 for up to 6 months, while the dissolution profile at pH 6.8 showed a significant drop in CN release upon storage. Conclusions: Overall, the developed formulation could be a potential technique to enhance the dissolution of weakly basic drugs that possess challenging stability limitations.
FGF21: A Sharp Weapon in the Process of Exercise to Improve NAFLD
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Sun Tingting , Yu Jingjing , Li Siyu , Gong Lijing , Zhang Yimin
Published: December 2023

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological syndrome characterized by excessive fat deposition in hepatocytes. A sedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor for NAFLD, and regular exercise is considered a cornerstone of NAFLD treatment independent of weight loss. Even low-intensity activity could have beneficial effects on NAFLD. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a cytokine mainly secreted by the liver, improves glucolipid metabolism, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, increases insulin sensitivity, and acts on multiple organs through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine actions. Both clinical trials and animal experiments have shown a high correlation between liver fat content and circulating blood FGF21 levels, and abnormal FGF21 signaling appears to be an important mechanism for the development of NAFLD. FGF21 is an exerkine that responds to exercise; therefore, it may be a key target in exercise to improve NAFLD. This review provides an overview of NAFLD and its pathogenesis, and summarizes the effects of exercise intervention on NAFLD, as well as the role of FGF21 in NAFLD. Emphasis is placed on possible mechanisms for improving NAFLD by targeting FGF21 during exercise.
Sequence Analysis of the Plastomes of Two Tibetan Medicinal Plants of the Family Papaveraceae
Authors: Wu Danyang , Qin Qian , Wang Xiaoyun , Niu Yiming , Zhang Shouwen , Mu Zejing
Published: December 2023

Background: With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology, more plants plastomes have been sequenced, further advancing species identification and phylogenetic studies. However, there are a few studies on the genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the plastomes of Dicranostigma lactucoides Hook. f. et Thoms. and Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook. f. et Thoms. Methods: In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the plastomes of Dicranostigma lactucoides Hook. f. et Thoms. and Hypecoum leptocarpum Hook. f. et Thoms., and conducted a phylogenetic analysis using 13 related species. Results: The results showed that the plastomes of both D. lactucoides and H. leptocarpum had a typical tetrad structure, with sizes of 166,819 bp and 163,282 bp, respectively. We annotated 133 genes for D. lactucoides and 120 genes for H. leptocarpum. A total of 72 and 43 simple repetitive sequences were detected in D. lactucoides and H. leptocarpum, respectively. Codon preference analysis showed that the relative usage frequency of codons and the relative abundance of synonymous codons used were the same for both plastomes. Nucleotide polymorphism analysis identified seven variant loci with high nucleotide diversity (Pi) values, all located in the large single copy (LSC) region. Inverted repeat (IR) boundary analysis revealed differences in gene types and locations on both sides of the boundary, except for the small single copy/inverted repeat a (SSC/IRa) boundary. The phylogenetic analysis showed the species clustered into two major groups, one with five genera (Hypecoum, Corydalis, Papaver, Meconopsis, and Dicranostigma) and the other with two genera (Coreanomecon; and Hylomecon). Conclusions: Comparative analysis of the plastome genomic characteristics and phylogeny of D. lactucoides and H. leptocarpum laid the foundation for identifying the above two species and the phylogenetic study and comprehensive exploitation of the Papaveraceae.
Assessment of Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Potential, Antimicrobial Properties, and Antidiabetic Activity in Extracts Obtained from Schinus molle L. Leaves and Fruits
Authors: İlgün Selen , Şeker Karatoprak Gökçe , Çiçek Polat Derya , Köngül Şafak Esra , Yücel Çiğdem , İnce Ufuk , Uvat Hatice Özlem , Küpeli Akkol Esra
Published: December 2023

Background: The current research centers on exploring the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic features of Schinus molle L. grown in Turkey. Methods: Quantitative analysis of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and hyperoside levels in leaf, ripe fruit, and raw fruit extracts was conducted using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in a 70% methanol-water mixture. Among the extracts, the methanol extract from ripe fruits displayed the highest chlorogenic acid concentration, measuring at 2.040% ± 0.172% standard deviation (SD). Moreover, analysis of their total phenolic and flavonoid contents was carried out. Antioxidant power was assessed through different chemical assays, together with their antimicrobial and anti-diabetic properties. Results: The results of DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and reducing power assays showed that leaf and ripe fruit alcoholic extract exhibited peak performance. While the MIC ( minimum inhibitory concentration) values of the extracts were determined to have moderate bactericidal effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans it was observed that none of the extracts displayed biofilm inhibition. The inhibition percentage of α-glucosidase enzyme activity for the methanol extract of raw fruits was determined to be 99.11 ± 1.61. In diabetic β-TC cells, glucose level was measured as 129 ± 2.03 mg/dL, and insulin amount was measured as 37.2 ± 0.02 mg/dL. Conclusions: The findings of our study seem to have important implications for future research, as Schinus molle L. may be a potential pharmaceutical candidate with important pharmacological activities.