bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Bread and Daily life of the French ordinary people in the 18th century
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Park Youn-Duk
Published: November 2024

Due to low yields of wheat-a main crop for subsistence-and the implementation of the three-poly system intended to guard power over the land, the French farmers of the late Old Regime essentially had to own and cultivate more than 8 to 9 hectares of farmland to be able to make a living. To produce food, they had to not only endure intense labor involving plowing, sowing, harvesting, and threshing depending on their agricultural skills, but also put in endless hours and great effort going through the different process of milling, kneading, and baking to be able to put bread on the table on a daily basis. As the French people ate bread at every meal, including breakfast, lunch, and dinner, a wide variety of breads got produced to ensure that people from all social classes would be able to afford them according to their income levels. By legislating economic freedom, the Revolution eventually abolished traditional regulations on the market. Yet, it also established an economic system of war after the start of the Revolutionary war, as it implemented a price ceiling system for daily necessities and wages. It also put in place a food rationing system and punished hoarding as a counter-revolutionary act. Even these revolutionary measures, however, failed to fundamentally change the daily routine and dietary habits of the French people which had been passed along for thousands of years. One had to wait until the completion of the industrialization and agricultural mechanization of the late 19th century to see these change happen.
Overseas Chinese Affairs in Korea after the Sino-Japanese War and Korea-British Documents
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Kim Bong-Jun
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on analysing the documents related to Qing merchants contained in “Young-An(英案)”에서 to reveal the interests of the Joseon, Qing and British governments surrounding the issue of Qing merchants after the Sino-Japanese War. In particular, “Young-An” contains documents exchanged between the Joseon Foreign Ministry and the British legation in Seoul, making it a suitable source for understanding the issues related to Qing merchants after War. As the Qing-Japanese War broke out in 1894 and official relations between Joseon and Qing were severed, the exchange of official documents also ceased.
The Qing merchants, who grew rapidly in Joseon after 1885, were important in the distribution of British textiles in Korea. However, after the War, the treatment of the Qing merchants became a sensitive issue as the Qing mission in Korea was closed and official relations between the two countries were severed. In addition, the issue involved not only the interests of the Joseon and Qing, but also the interests of Britain, and is an important example of the changed international situation in East Asia after the Sino-Japanese War.
The States Right and the Thirteenth Amendment
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Yang Hong-Seuk
Published: November 2024

This critical essay aims at the understanding the Civil War and Reconstruction and finally President Lincoln’s thinking about the Thirteenth Amendment.
President Issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863. and so all Confederate slaves but a few certain areas and borderlines states were freed. Therefore, so many black soldiers had taken part in battles such as Port Hudson and MilliKen’s Bend, Louisiana, and Fort Wagner, South Carolina. On December 8, Lincoln introduced so-called “Ten-Percent Plan of Reconstruction” and the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction.
All these great reform movements and the military reconstruction had great affected into black people in the Confederate areas. And the reform-mind Congress had visioned a ultimate settlement, the Thirteenth Amendment, which had been approved and ratified and in the finally added into the U. S. Constitution.
In the course of these increasingly added reform movements, I try to understand why President never accepted all the reform programs acquiescently and firstly in the very historic movement. why he taken more careful and extended observation about States Right, contrary to the past statements as the Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address.
The “National History Textbook” for Advanced Elementary Schools in Manchukuo: Its Compilation Background and Structure
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Cho Seo-Yeon , Kim Taek-Kyung
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to shed light on the characteristics of history education in Manchukuo by analyzing the textbook Advanced Elementary School History Textbook(『高級小學校·國史敎科書』)published by the Ministry of Education of Manchukuo in 1935. Specifically, it examines how Japanese colonial ideology was applied to Manchukuo’s history education through an analysis of the textbook’s compilation background and structure.
Chapter I investigates the compilation process and subject involved in the creation of textbooks by the Ministry of Education of Manchukuo, utilizing materials related to textbook compilation. Chapter II analyzes the motives and purposes behind the textbook’s compilation based on the political and ideological discourses of Japanese colonialists who participated in the establishment of Manchukuo at the time, as well as the research conducted by Japanese historians in the early 20th century. Finally, Chapter III examines the structure and characteristics of the table of contents of Advanced Elementary School History Textbook(『高級小學校·國史敎科書』), comparing and contrasting it with the content of Chapter II.
Empowering Tourism Communication for Sustainable Village Development
Authors: Kade Dwi Arsana I Gusti Ngurah Agung , Laurens Bethany  , Smith Olivia
Published: November 2024

The research addresses the critical issue of enhancing tourism communication to foster sustainable village development. The primary objective is to empower local communities by improving their communication strategies, thereby boosting tourism and ensuring sustainable growth. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data to comprehensively understand the current communication practices and their impact on tourism. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and field observations in selected villages known for their tourism potential. The findings reveal significant gaps in the existing communication strategies, highlighting the need for more effective and targeted approaches. The research concludes that by adopting improved communication methods, villages can attract more tourists, enhance their economic stability, and promote sustainable development. The study provides actionable recommendations for local governments and community leaders to implement more effective tourism communication practices, ultimately contributing to the sustainable development of rural areas.
The Role of Innovation in the Success of Modern Startupreneurs
Authors: Alwiyah Alwiyah , Lyraa Naomi
Published: November 2024

The study examines Innovation Capability, Team Creativity, External Environ- ment, and Start-up Performance as key research factors, the study attempts to investigate the impact of innovation in the success of contemporary businesses. Innovation Capability, Team Creativity, External Environment, and Start-up Per- formance are the research factors that were examined. (Start-up Function). Through surveys of start-ups in a variety of industry sectors, the data was gath- ered. The analysis’s findings demonstrate that a start-up’s performance is sig- nificantly impacted by its capacity for innovation. It has also been discovered that team creativity is crucial for enhancing innovation and startup performance. The creativity driving innovation is significantly enhanced by frequent brain- storming sessions and diverse team backgrounds, the diversity of backgrounds within the team, and the degree of team collaboration. Furthermore, govern- mental regulations, technological accessibility, and cooperative networks with academic institutions are examples of the external environment that fosters cre- ativity and improves start-up performance.The study’s conclusions highlight the importance of innovation in the success of contemporary startupreneurs. Sup- porting innovation and enhancing business performance also heavily depends on the inventiveness of the team and a favorable external environment. Therefore, strategic measures to success in contemporary entrepreneurship include devel- oping an ecosystem that fosters invention, managing team dynamics skillfully, and establishing an organizational culture that values creativity
Decoding Consumer Habits: Analyzing Retail Patterns Across Demographics
Authors: Hossain Sazib , Hena Hasna , Sampa Precious
Published: November 2024

This study examines consumer habits by analyzing retail patterns across vari- ous demographics using a dataset encompassing 3,900 transactions. The data includes variables such as age, gender, item purchased, purchase amount, loca- tion, and more, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of consumer behavior. Key insights reveal significant trends in purchasing decisions influenced by de- mographic factors like age and gender, as well as external elements such as sea- sonality and promotional activities. The analysis identifies predominant shop- ping preferences among different age groups, highlighting the influence of dis- counts and promotional codes on purchasing behavior. Additionally, the study explores the correlation between customer loyalty, as indicated by subscription status and frequency of purchases, and spending patterns. By decoding these retail patterns, this research provides valuable insights for retailers aiming to optimize marketing strategies and enhance customer engagement through tar- geted interventions. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how demographic factors shape consumer behavior, offering actionable insights for businesses seeking to adapt to evolving market demands.
LEXICAL STANDARDIZATION AND USAGE RECOMMENDATIONS THROUGH THE EYES OF AN ETYMOLOGIST (COMMENTS, REFLECTIONS, EVALUATIONS)
Authors:   O. О. Potebnia Institute of Linguistics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, SELIHEY Pylyp
Published: November 2024

The article addresses the issue of the professionalism of cultural-language recommendations, criteria for lexical standardization, and the assessment of words as acceptable or unacceptable, considering their origin — whether native or borrowed. In the context of the trend towards differentiation from the Russian language, the authors of cultural-linguistic recommendations urge avoiding linguistic units shared with Russian and replacing them with different equivalents. It is shown that this trend extends not only to genuine Russianisms but also to words of East Slavic, Common Slavic, and even Indo- European origin. These words are mistakenly perceived not as native Ukrainian but as imposed Russian. The need to distinguish between genuine and perceived Russianisms in the process of standardization is emphasized.
LEGENDARY NAMES FROM A PERSPECTIVE OF DEONYMIC WORD FORMATION
Authors:   O. O. Potebnia Institute of Linguistics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, OSTAPENKO Mariia
Published: November 2024

The present article continues the author’s previous studies in the theory and research methodology of eponymy. In them, she has proceeded from a parametrical model for the description and analysis of eponymic semantics, whose three principle parameters are related to the underlying proper name, the derived eponym, and the motivational relationship between the first and second. This paper focuses on a special group of proper names from which some eponyms are formed: legendary names. These proper nouns are of a unique onomastic nature, as they occupy an intermediate position between realonyms, i. e. proper names denoting real-world entities, and mythonyms, denoting fictitious, mythical or fantastic entities.
Evidence for large scale compressible turbulence in the ism of CSWA13, a star-Forming Lensed Galaxy at z = 1.87 with outflowing wind
Authors: Goldman Itzhak
Published: November 2024

Recently, Keerthi Vasan G. et al. (2024) presented spatially resolved observations of a wind outflow in CSWA13, a gravitationally lensed Star-Forming galaxy at z = 1.87. The gravitational lensing allowed for a substantially improved spatial and kinematic resolution of the wind and of the nebular gas. In this paper we take advantage of the resolved data to test for the existence of turbulence and to study its nature. We obtained the autocorrelation functions of the two velocity fields, and derived the spatial structure functions of the residual nebular and wind velocities along the major axis of the galaxy. The structure functions, of both velocity fields, reveal the existence of an underlying k −2 power spectrum scaling. This scaling suggests the existence of supersonic compressible turbulence. The autocorre- lation functions exhibit correlations over scales comparable to the total extent of the velocity fields. Thus, the turbulence is a large scale one. The turbulent timescale corresponding to the largest scale is about 200 Myr, an order of magnitude larger than the estimated age of the wind and of the young stars. This implies that the turbulence in the ISM formed well before the wind and the young stars. Given the large spatial scale of the turbulence, it is plausible that the source of the turbulence is a large scale one e.g. a merger or tidal event that triggered the formation of molecular clouds, in the cores of which, the young stars formed. A steepening of the structure functions on the smaller scales provides an estimate for the effective depth along the line of sight of the turbulent layer. The latter turns out to be ∼ 2kpc
Expression of p53 Protein in Different Grades of Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Karim Rezwana , Afroz Sadia , Karim Syeda Noorjahan , Nusrat Faiza , Sermin Nafisa , Sen Sampurna , Shabnam Ummey Salma , Islam Tasmia
Published: November 2024

Background: Mutation in the TP53 suppressor gene and accumulation of p53 protein are the common genetic events in gastric carcinomas. This mutation has been associated with abnormalities in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair and synthesis, apoptosis, and suggested to be implicated in the prognosis of gastric carcinoma.
Objectives: To assess the immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein in gastric carcinoma and to study the association of p53 protein expression with different histopathological grade of gastric carcinoma.
Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 60 paraffin blocks of gastric adenocarcinoma were re-evaluated and histopathological grading were assessed. The p53 expression in the tumour cell nucleus of the submitted blocks were assessed by standard immunoperoxidase method. Appropriate positive control was run for each batch of slides.
Results: Out of 60 cases, most of them 35 cases were poorly differentiated carcinoma, of which 28(80%) showed high expression and 7(20%) showed low expression of p53 protein. Twenty cases were moderately differentiated carcinoma, of which 12(60%) showed high expression and 8(40%) low expression. Only 5 were well differentiated carcinoma and all of which showed low expression of p53 protein. So, it was seen that with advancing grade of tumor, frequency of high expression of p53 protein was high and yielded statistically significant result (p value = 0.001).
Conclusion: There was a significant association between immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein and histopathological grading of gastric adenocarcinoma. These results indicate that immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein is an important prognostic factor of gastric adenocarcinoma, allowing the selection of a group of patients with an extensive therapeutic indication.
Mediscope 2024;11(2): 48-51
Assessment of the Level of Awareness and Knowledge of Covid-19 among rural population in Khulna, Bangladesh
Authors: Nazia Nazneen  , Biplab Kumar Roy  , Molla Md Shahin
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of the study was to find out level of Awareness and knowledge about covid-19 among rural population in Bangladesh.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was carried out in Bathiaghata Upazilla, Khulna from 25.11.21 to 25.12.2021. Adult persons, 455 (male 181 and female 274) with mean age ± SD was 24 ±1.5 years, selected purposively from the households in the adjacent villages were included in the study as respondents.
Results: Among the respondents, 97.4% heard about covid-19. Of them, 292 (71.6%) had knowledge that the disease is transmitted by cough, sneezing, direct contact and the proportion of the respondents who knew about symptoms like high fever, headache, cough, loss of taste and loss of smell were 50.1%, 16.7%,16% and 7.4%, respectively. Most of the respondents received health care services from MBBS doctors (87.3%). The majority of the respondent (76.5%) identified who heard about prevention of covid-19 by wearing mask, as a good preventive practice against covid-19 infection, followed by frequent hand washing (18.4%) which is eventually important for the prevention of covid-19.
Conclusion: It was a unique study that describing adult heath related knowledge on covid-19 among adult population in a rural area. The study results suggest a further need to strengthen health education about covid-19 among rural population in Bangladesh.
Mediscope 2024;11(2): 62-67
Assessment of Screen Time with its Effect on Health among Secondary School Students
Authors: Rahman Md Sohanur , Roy Biplab Kumar , Nazneen Nazia , Molla Md Shahin , Suvo Sohanur Rahman
Published: November 2024

Background: Secondary school students are more and more immersed in a world dominated by screens in the modern digital era. Screens, ranging from laptops to tablets, televisions to smartphones, have embedded themselves into daily life and significantly impact how youngsters communicate, learn, and pass the time.
Objective: The study's objective was to find out the assessment of screen time and its effect on health among rural secondary school students in Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive type of study was carried out in Govt. Jalma Chakrakhali Secondary School in Batiaghata Upazilla under Khulna district. A total of 460 students were selected using a convenient sampling technique from a selected school in Khulna district. Face-to-face interviews with a semi-structured questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were analyzed following the study's objectives. Before data collection, informed consent was taken, and ethical concerns were addressed at different stages of the study.
Results: Among 460 respondents, a large number 52% (241) were between 14-16 years of age group. Only 38% had a personal mobile phone, while where a maximum (72%) used their parents' phones. Male students (76%) had a greater tendency to operate mobile phones in comparison to females (64%). Among the parents, most of them (82%) had a smartphone. Most of the respondents [395 (86%)] had a TV at their house and 304 (66%) watched TV regularly. Almost half of the respondents [223(48%)] suffered from various health issues, where headaches and blurring of vision were the main features.
Conclusion: This study painted a clear picture of the effect of screen time on Bangladeshi rural school-going youngsters, and it may be able to assist the relevant authorities in developing policies and formulating plans to address the issue.
Mediscope 2024;11(2): 82-86
Joyful Learning dalam Pendidikan Rasulullah SAW
Authors: El Syam Robingun Suyud , Munawaroh Hidayatu , Fitri Novida Aprilina Nisa
Published: November 2024

This article aims to present joyful learning inthe education of Rasulullah SAW. The research uses library research, is presented in a narrative manner, and is analyzed descriptively. The results of the study showed that the Prophet Muhammad had practiced joyful learning in his learning process, where he played and joked with young children, while guiding and reminding them when they made mistakes, and motivating them to do good. The principle of learning is by prioritizing gentle, humble, not neglecting, and polite speech. The implication of the research is that it can help educators and stakeholders to use fun learning strategies in Rasulullah SAW education effectively for Islamic education, especially early childhood.
Identifikasi Gaya Belajar Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sulistyani Sanjaya Maulinda , Farantika Dessy , Candra Devi
Published: November 2024

A way that each individual carries out receiving lessons and information from the environment is a form of learning style. This study intends to examine how early childhood learning. This study used a descriptive research method; the research subject was Dharma Wanita Jimbe 1 Kindergarten, Blitar Regency, with 13 students in 2022/2023. Data collection was carried out using observation and interviews. The results of this study illustrate that children have characteristics in understandingand learning something different from adults. Playing while learning is an activity carried outby an early childhood with feelings of pleasure, without coercion, but has patterns that are expected to create good growth and development for children. Playing while learning in early childhood has goals that adults may not realize, whereas when a childplays, he is actually developing the potential in him. Developing children's skills from an early age helps build children's rational thinking processes; children are also better prepared to face life's problems in the future. This research is expected tobe a reference and knowledge for parents and teachers, especially to understand the world of early childhood, one of which is by understanding the nature of learning and the meaning of learning styles for early childhood.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Resky Riswana Ardi Putri  , Parwoto  , Rusmayadi
Published: November 2024

The research aims to ascertain the impact of the problem-based learning model on the early reading skills of children in Ar-Rahim Kindergarten aged 5-6 years. The approach used in this research is quantitative with the Quasi-Experimental Design type. With a population of 38 students using simple random sampling. With a sample of 6 students in the experimental and control groups. This proves that students who received treatment using the problem-based learning model improved their initial reading skills better than students who received treatment in the control group. This research uses descriptive statistical analysis and non-parametric statistical analysis. In the research, the results of Tcount were 83 and Ttable 2.228, so we got Tcount 83 > Ttable 2.228 and Zcount 2.15 > Ztabel 0.4842 = H0 was rejected, and H1 was accepted, indicating that there is an influence of the problem-based learning model on children's early reading skills, in terms of This shows that the problem-based learning model has an impact on children's reading abilities and is better than children who received treatment in the control group.
Pengaruh Kegiatan Melukis dengan Menggunakan Bahan Alam terhadap Kreativitas Anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak Asdani
Authors: Arida Supiyati  , Azizah Amal  , Rusmayadi
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of painting activities using natural materials on children's creativity at Asdani Kindergarten. This study was conducted using a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental research design. with a population of 35 children using simple random sampling with a sample of 8 children each in the experimental and control groups. Descriptive and non-parametric statistical analysis was used to collect data. The results of the data analysis obtained an average increase in the experimental group of 6.25 and in the control group of 1.37. The test results showed a sig. (2-tailed) 0.011 <0.05, then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. So it can be concluded that painting using natural materials has a significant effect on children's creativity at Asdani Kindergarten.
Pendampingan Belajar Siswa Speech Delay di RA Hidayatus Shibyan Senori Tuban
Authors: Fitrianingsih Eka Nurul , Fitri Nur Lailatul , Novitasari Nurul
Published: November 2024

This study aims to  find out the form of learning assistance for speech delay students at RA Hidayatus Shibyan and find out the obstacles experienced by teachers when teaching speech delay students. Language development is very important for every child because language aims to facilitate communication and express the feelings of early childhood. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with the research subject being a student who experienced speech delay, 1 class teacher, and 1 accompanying teacher. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are 1) learning assistance for children who experience speech delay is carried out using a floor time approach and through learning methods, 2) while the obstacles experienced by teachers are that students often make mistakes or forget the pronunciation they have learned before, and lack of support and stimulation provided by parents at home
Implementasi Manajemen Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Anak Sekolah (PMT-AS) sebagai Edukasi Parenting Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Utami Kumala Dewi  , Nurhusna Kamil  , Fadila Arnisa Harahap  , Erni Munastiwi
Published: November 2024

As the government calls for implementing the PMT-AS program, as a form of concern by paying attention to aspects of quality, and food safety. So, through parenting education, which is an informal program of PAUD institutions, it is expected to help parents have quality knowledge to be implemented in everyday life. Thus, researchers are interested in conducting research at Pangudi Luhur Jenarwetan Kindergarten, related to how the management of PMT-AS (Supplementary Feeding of School Children), especially for the 5-6 year age group, to find out what PMT-AS applications have been implemented by the institution as a form of parenting education. Researchers used qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach, while the research subjects were Pangudi Luhur Jenarwetan Kindergarten students in group B with a total of 12 students, 1 class teacher and principal, and parents. The results of this study, that the PMT-AS activity program at Pangudi Luhur Jenarwetan Kindergarten is carried out once a week, which is held on Saturday after gymnastics activities. PMT-AS menu design is made before entering the new school year, with each activity two menus (snacks and side dishes). Not only as a parenting education activity, but also as a gathering place for parents with educators and students.
Teknik Reinforcement dalam Menurunkan Perilaku Agresif pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Fajriyah Lathifatul
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to reduce aggressiveness in early childhood, especially 5-6 years of age. This research is a quasi-experiment research with Nonequivalent control group design, data collection techniques using observation and documentation. The population in this study were 2 classes, namely group B1 and group B2 with random sampling technique, each of which had 15 students. Data collection techniques using observation and documentation. The instrument measurement scale uses a Likert scale. The data analysis technique uses the t test, namely independent sample t-test and paired sampe-test to determine the comparison when the pretest and postest. The data was processed using the help of SPPS for windows to determine whether the hypothesis was rejected or accepted. The results showed that after treatment for 5 times, it can be seen from the results of calculations with SPSS which obtained a value of 0.000 which means the sig value <0.05. This means that there is an effect of reinforcement techniques in reducing the level of aggressiveness of Ramadani natural school children. Forms of aggressiveness in children such as pushing, grabbing, ignoring teacher calls, hitting.
Keterlibatan Orang Tua dalam Kegiatan Bermain Anak Usia Dini di Rumah
Authors: Yusuf Maronta  , Nafisah Aisyah Durrotun
Published: November 2024

Many parents work outside the home fora long duration of time, making parents less involved in childcare, especially in their play activities. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze parents' participation in children's play activities at home. The targets of this study were five households with children (5-6 years old). In Kalongan village, East Ungaran, there are working and unemployed parents. This research was designed using a descriptive qualitative method. Interview, observation, office research, documentary research and triangulation were used as data collection techniques. The results showed that parents who participated in play activities at home during childhood were mostly the same, i.e. working and unemployed parents with advanced education and moderate economic status. Then the type of parents with a weak economic background is also decreasing. On the other hand, the participation of other people in children's activities depends on the size of the family.
The Benefits of Redefining a Round of Golf: An Analysis Based on Leisure Constraints Theory
Authors: Tiger Andrew , Kamalapur Raj , Gould Leslie
Published: November 2024

The golf industry plays an important role in the economy. However, shifts in the marketplace have created challenges for the industry. The purpose of this research is to discover potential marketing strategies to recruit and retain golfers that focus on eliminating leisure constraints. Using a survey, this research asked golfers about their interests in playing different golf course configurations instead of the traditional 18 holes. Results show that a majority of participants prefer shorter rounds. The results of this study can assist golf course owners in developing marketing strategies that remove leisure constraints for consumers, therefore increasing participation and profitability.
Person-Environment Fit on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and Employee Engagement Among Administrative Staff of Public Universities in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Aryee Esther Maame Efua , Asumeng Maxwell , Agyemang Collins Badu
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to assess the impact of person-environment fit on work-related outcomes among administrative staff of public universities in Accra. A sample of 300 administrative staff was selected from public universities in the Greater Accra Region to partake in the study using the purposive and snowball sampling method. The study discovered a positive significant relationship between employees fit and work-related outcomes as well as an interaction between two dimensions of engagement (intellectual and affective) and organizational citizenship behavior. The study's findings also reveal that various factor such as tenure and age positively impacted the employee’s performance of organizational citizenship behavior and engagement levels.
Merging Realities for Better Health: A Dive Into Virtual Healthcare
Authors: Asgodom Keren , Gutierrez Sebastian , Law Ameera , Khan Mahrukh
Published: November 2024

This paper delves into the transformative use of Virtual Reality in the public health domain, focusing on its psychological effects, the effectiveness of VR-based patient education interventions, and ethical considerations surrounding the use of personal data and privacy. Through the examination of peer-reviewed studies, the research found that VR offers innovative solutions on health education and mental health outcomes. The immersive digital environment of VR offers breakthroughs in delivering patient education and psychological interventions. As VR devices continuously collect vast amounts of sensitive user information to create unique experiences, the paper discusses the need for data protection and ethical guidelines to protect user privacy and gain consumer trust. However, it is important to address the significant ethical and social issues, and adverse reactions, such as cyber-sickness or escapism, to fully realize the benefits of Virtual Reality.
Konak Devletin Uluslararası Terörizmden Kaynaklanan Uluslararası Sorumluluğu Dairesinde Tazminat Yükümlülüğü
Authors: Erkiner Hakkı Hakan , Eray İlayda
Published: November 2024

Günümüzde bazı devletler gerek politik gerek askeri çıkarlarını elde etmek amacıyla başka devletlere karşı uluslararası terör faaliyetlerini desteklemektedir. Bir devlet üzerinde barınan terör unsurları tarafından hedef devlete yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilen terör saldırıları uluslararası terörizm niteliğindedir. Topraklarında terör unsurları barındıran devlet, konak devlet; barınan teröristler, konuk teröristler olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Eldeki çalışmada, uluslararası sorumluluk hukuku kuralları uyarınca terörist unsurları barındıran ya da barınmalarını engelleme yeteneği bulunmayan konak devletin, tazminat yükümlülüğünün aktarılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, uluslararası sorumluluk hukukuna ilişkin asli ve yardımcı kaynaklar incelenmiş ve uluslararası sorumluluk hukukunun teorisi ortaya koyulmuştur. Uluslararası sorumluluğun önemli bir neticesi olan tazminat hususu aktarılmış ve buna ilişkin özel bazı koşullar tespit edilmiştir. Devletlerin uluslararası hukukta terörizme ilişkin hangi birincil yükümlülüklerinin mevcut olduğu, bu yükümlülüklerin kaynakları da belirlenmek suretiyle izah edilmiştir. Konak devletin konuk teröristlere ev sahipliği yapmasıyla ihlal ettiği yükümlülüklere ilişkin tespitler, konuya ilişkin literatür incelenerek aktarılmıştır. Ayrıca konak devletin, konak olması ile gerçekleştirdiği uluslararası haksız fiilinin tazminat özelinde neticeleri incelenmiştir. Hedef devlette terör saldırıları sonucu ve uluslararası terörizme karşı meşru müdafaa hakkını kullanırken ortaya çıkan operasyonel zararların giderilmesi için, konak devletten tazminat talep etme süreci izah edilmiştir.
Glycolytic Enzymes in Polyamine-Treated Bovine Retina
Authors: Venza I , Valenti A , Ruggeri P , Denaro L , Teti D
Published: November 2024

The retina is characterized by glycolysis under aerobic conditions, mediated by lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme-5 (LDH-5) as well as by the soluble isoenzyme of malate dehydrogenase. Bovine retina LDH and MDH isoenzymes and their activities were studied after polyamine treatment. Our results showed that LDH-5 isoenzyme presented the highest activity in untreated as well as in putrescine-treated retina. Decreased activity was present when the retina was treated with spermidine or spermine. It was demonstrated that retinic LDH-5 had a high affinity for lactate which enabled the isoenzyme to be more effective than the other LDH isoenzymes in the conversion of NADH to NAD. Therefore, the putrescine enhancing LDH-5 activity appeared to be capable of stimulating NAD-mediated rhodopsin regeneration. Putrescine induced a marked increase of both MDH isoenzymes--soluble (s-MDH) and mitochondrial (m-MDH), while spermine and spermidine mostly affected the soluble form of the enzyme. Putrescine induced a three-fold increase in s-MDH and m-MDH activities, while spermine and spermidine induced a four to five-fold increase in s-MDH. These results document the differential effects of polyamine treatment on LDH and MDH isoenzyme activities.
Impaired Insulin Action in Primary Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Widimský J , Šindelka G , Haas T , Prázný M , Hilgertová J , Škrha J
Published: November 2024

The presence of insulin resistance is frequently found in essential hypertension. There are, however, only sparse data with respect to the potential presence of insulin resistance in patients with secondary hypertension. We have therefore undertaken a study to reveal the potential occurrence of insulin resistance in primary hyperaldosteronism (PH). The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique together with the evaluation of insulin receptor characteristics were used to study insulin resistance in 12 patients with PH. The measured parameters were compared to normal values in control subjects. We have found a significantly lower glucose disposal rate (M, micromol/kg/min) (18.7+/-6 vs. 29.3+/-4), decreased tissue insulin sensitivity index (M/I, micromol/kg/min per mU/l x100) (23.7+/-9.8 vs. 37.5+/-11.6) and also lower metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCRg, ml/kg/min) (3.8+/-1.5 vs. 7.0+/-1.1) in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. The insulin receptor characteristics on erythrocytes did not differ in primary hyperaldosteronism as compared to control healthy subjects. We thus conclude that insulin resistance is also present in secondary forms of hypertension (primary hyperaldosteronism) which indicates the heterogeneity of impaired insulin action in patients with arterial hypertension.
Periodicity of Arrhythmias in Healthy Elderly Men at the Moderate Altitude
Authors: Kujaník Š , Sninčák M , Vokál' J , Podracký J , Koval J
Published: November 2024

The 24-hour periodicity of supraventricular (SVPB) and ventricular (VEB) extrasystoles in healthy elderly men (age 49-69 years) was studied at two altitudes during 24 h Holter ECG monitoring. At the low altitude (200 m, n = 26), SVPB were more frequent than VEB. The highest occurrence of SVPB was at 17:00 h, the lowest at 01:00 and 02:00 h (P<0.001). The highest occurrence of VEB was at 09:00 h, the lowest one at 04:00 h (P<0.001). At 1350 m (n=9) the incidence of both SVPB and VEB was approximately twofold higher compared to that at the low altitude (P<0.001). The highest occurrence of SVPB was at 13:00 h, the lowest at 06:00 h (P<0.001). VEB were the most frequent at 10:00 h and 13:00 h, while the lowest frequency was observed at 06:00 h (P<0.001). Our results indicate that the incidence of SVPB and VEB in healthy persons at the moderate altitude is twofold and its periodicity is shifted compared to the low altitude. The cause of increased occurrence of extrasystoles is probably due to beta-adrenergic activation of the heart at the higher altitude.
Between compounding and phrasal derivation: Polish complex nouns in sam(o)-
Authors: Kolbusz-Buda Joanna
Published: November 2024

The aim of this paper is to explore the class of Polish complex nouns with the initial combining form samo-, such as samobójca ‘suicide’. The study seeks to determine the morphological structure of what we consider to be a case of ‘syntax-inside-morphology’ in the domain of Polish word-formation. We want to argue that what appears to be sheer concatenation of morphological building blocks, often routinely classified as a compound word with a lefthand bound root, could, in fact, be interpreted as a derived noun based on a phrasal unit. In what follows, we shall argue that the morphosemantics of Polish complex nouns in samo- can successfully be captured by left-branching structure, which ensures that their morphological and semantic representations cohere into a well-organised whole.

The dispute over derivational phenomena exhibiting a degree of reciprocity between morphology and syntax has long surrounded the data-driven examination of certain word-formation types across languages. Currently, a rich body of linguistic data amassed across various languages seems to strongly undermine the aprioristic separation of the two modules of grammar. The present study draws on tenets central to theories which are neither strictly lexicalist nor syntactocentric, in particular the Firewall Theory advanced by Lieber & Scalise (2006) .
A pszichoszociális állapot szerepe a vascularis egészség alakulásában
Authors: Nemcsik János
Published: November 2024

A cardiovascularis betegségek kialakulásában és lefolyásában is szerepet játszanak a pszichoszociális és a szocioökonómiai tényezők. Az ezekkel kapcsolatos ismeretek már olyan mértékűek, hogy a pszichoszociális tényezők figyelembevételének fontossága a nemzetközi irányelvek szintjén is megjelenik. Ez a közlemény a szocioökonómiai tényezők közül az egyedüllét és a szociális izoláció káros hatásának bemutatását részletezi, míg a pszichológiai faktorok közül a depresszió és a cardiovascularis betegségek kapcsolatára fókuszál, kitérve az intervenciós lehetőségekre. Fontos lenne, hogy a kezelőorvos a pszichoszociális faktorok figyelembevételével mérje fel a cardiovascularis rizikót és ahol mód van rá, javasoljon olyan terápiás lehetőséget, ami egyaránt javít a pszichés és a cardiovascularis betegségek kimenetelén.
Down Syndrome: Insights and Analysis
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Selvakumar Kamalanathan
Published: November 2024

Normally, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes found in human beings. But in some conditions, a mother has a fetus with an additional chromosome at T21(21st position) which is said to be the fetus with Trisomy-21 (Down Syndrome). There are many factors of Down Syndrome - nasal bone absence, short nasal bone, thick amniotic fluid (greater than 3 mm), fetal heart rate (FHR), Crown Lump Length, short arm, and thighs’ bones; are screened during 10-14th (First Trimester) and 15-22nd week (Second Trimester) of pregnancy. These screenings are very crucial tasks as invasive methods, hence ultrasound imaging technique comes into the picture as a non-invasive methods. With this article, we put a glance at various reasons of occurrence of Down Syndrome and comment on some analysis of societal impact of Down Syndrome. Further, we should focus on how a fetus can be diagnosed with Down Syndrome during the early age of her mother’s pregnancy using Computerized techniques such as machine learning and deep learning approaches?
Protective and Therapeutic Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide in Diabetes Induced Renal Damage: A Narrative Review of Scientific Evidences
Authors: Dubey Vishal , Kansagra Jignesh , Kamani Bhargav , Sureja Varun
Published: November 2024

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic conditions that can significantly impair the overall quality of life. Diabetic nephropathy is a diabetes-associated renal damage condition and one of the most common diabetes-induced renal complications. The hyperglycaemia associated with diabetes is considered one of the key factors associated with the renal damage. The endocannabinoid system is a complex biological process involved in various physiological activities, while its impairment is directly associated with numerous pathological conditions as well. The components of the endocannabinoid system are widely distributed in the body, including in the renal tissues. Hence, alteration in the renal endocannabinoid system is associated with chronic kidney dysfunction conditions. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide that is produced on demand by almost all the cells in the body. Due to its myriad molecular targets, PEA is able to produce potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. While much focus has highlighted the potential therapeutic efficacy of exogenous PEA therapy in various painful conditions, its beneficial effect in diabetes-induced renal damage conditions is still largely unexplored. The current review study aimed to highlight the potential effect of PEA therapy in renal damage conditions, with particular emphasis on the molecular mechanisms involved for the same. The current review supports the use of PEA in diabetic conditions due to its myriad protective effects on renal tissues; thereby, the need for well-designed clinical studies to establish PEA’s renal protective efficacy in the diabetic population is warranted.
The Incidence and Risk Factors of Pelvic Stress Fracture, Delayed-healing and Non-union Following Periacetabular Osteotomy in Adolescents
Authors: Lazar Daniel , Bomark Daniel , Ovesen Ole , Bøgehøj Morten , Overgaard Søren
Published: November 2024

Background: Periacetabular Osteotomy (PAO) is a well-established procedure, however more prospective cohort studies are required to assess all clinical factors related to this invasive intervention. The aims of this study are as follows 1) quantifying stress fractures, delayed-healing and non-union post PAO and 2) to correlate possible risk factors for developing symptomatic stress fracture, delayed-healing or non-union.

Methods: We retrospectively collected radiologic and baseline data of the patient cohort and prospectively evaluated radiologic images for stress fractures, delayed-healing and non-union. A total of 621 hips (537 patients with a mean age 31.8, ranging 18 to 58 years) between January 2004 and December 2017 were included of which females composed the majority (78%). Compiled data were analyzed by utilizing chi-square and t-test for stress fracture, delayed-healing and non-union for risk factor determination.

Results: In this cohort comprising 621 hips, this study determined the prevalence rates of stress fractures, delayed healing, and non-union following PAO surgery to be 4.0%, 2.3%, and 5.6%, respectively. A detailed analysis of the data pertaining to patients who experienced stress fractures revealed three significant variables associated with their occurrence: higher body mass index (BMI), lower Wiberg’s Center Edge (CE) angle, and higher AA angle. Furthermore, the incidence of delayed healing was also significantly related to higher BMI, lower CE angle, and higher Acetabular Index (AA) angle. While the risk of non-union was found to be significantly associated with both higher BMI and a history of smoking.

Conclusions: This study has quantified the prevalence of stress fracture, delayed-healing and non-union for patients that have undergone PAO and suggested an increased risk of aforementioned adverse events for certain baseline values.
Evaluación del nivel de conocimiento sobre la infodemia en dos instituciones universitarias del Perú
Authors: Takahashi-Ferrer Carolina Mayo , Chávez-Chávez Julio Gabriel , Chávez-Chávez Jimena Carolina , Poemape-Lira Jorge Eduardo
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: El propósito general del presente estudio de investigación es describir el entendimiento de los estudiantespertenecientes a dos universidades; sobre el fenómeno de la infodemia, que se suscitó durante el período de la pandemia del COVID-19 (Lima-2023). Método: El estudio es observacional, con diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y con nivel descriptivo, en donde la población fue seleccionada de dos universidades ubicadas en el área metropolitana de la ciudad de Lima, entre una institución pública y otra privada, con una muestra de 100 estudiantes de los últimos años de la carrera universitaria. En cuanto a la muestra, se evaluaron y se recopilaron los datos empleando un instrumento de investigación, siendo la encuesta la modalidad seleccionada, la cual fue desarrollada de forma independiente. Resultado: Los resultados adquiridos desde los gráficos 21 hasta el 29 evidencian que, si bien existe un 22% de estudiantes que sí conocían sobre el concepto de infodemia y que además habían recibido una explicación en la universidad sobre el tema, el 88% de los estudiantes no tenían noción sobre este fenómeno infodémico que aparece durante el período de pandemia y también no recibieron información al respecto del tema. Conclusión: Se estableció que la mayoría de los estudiantes de ambas instituciones no poseen conocimiento o no están informados con respecto al fenómeno de la infodemia