bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Algorithms for Maximum Flow Problems
Authors: Jha Ranjit
Published: January 2023

The max flow problem means to send as much flow as possible from source to the sink satisfying the following two conditions: the capacity of each edge is greater than or equal to its flow and inflow and outflow are same throughout the network for every node except source and sink. Those problems which are related to maximum flow are called maximum flow problems. The maximum flow problem has its wide applications in real life situation like airline scheduling, communication networks; electrical power etc. Various algorithms are there to solve this problem in the literature. In this paper, we present comparative study of the existing algorithms to maximum flow problem.
Quest for Authentic Existence in Marleen Gorris’s Movie Mrs. Dalloway
Authors: Bhusal Damodar
Published: January 2023

The paper attempts to make a cinematographic study of Marleen Gorris’s film Mrs. Dalloway, the screen adaptation of the popular novel Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf through the perspective of Existentialism introduced by Jean Paul Sartre. The movie by Gorris seems to be a love story but it also portrays the existential quest of the protagonist for the meaningful life or for the authentic existence. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, in the society of England, Clarissa determines herself to choose a life of her own choice for which she has to face many objections, but her courage to go beyond that and make own choice of life is the main purpose discussed here. This research is studied through cinematographic analytic way, which is drawn upon the concept of authentic existence relating to the theory of Existentialism. This study comes to the conclusion that to live the meaningful life or to lead a life of meaningful existence Clarissa puts her love behind, and marries Richard for her own authentic sake.
Molecular phylogeny of swallowtail butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene from Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Monwar , Ghosh Ananna , Borsha Fahmina Sarkar , Hasan Md Khayrul , Abedin Muhammad Sohel , Howlader Abdul Jabber
Published: January 2023

Swallowtail butterflies (Papilionidae) are among the best-known insects in the world. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI, 642 bp) gene from nine species under four genera of swallowtail butterflies was sequenced and submitted to the GenBank. Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) analysis showed that the COI gene sequences of these nine butterflies matched those of respective species from different geographical areas (99-96% similarity). The interspecific genetic divergence among swallowtail species was between 0.01–0.15%. Phylogenetic tree constructed using the maximum likelihood algorithm showed that the species of swallowtail butterflies were originated from a common ancestor where Papilio polytes, Papilio nephelus, Papilio demoleus, Papilio memnon and Papilio polymnestor belonged to a cluster. On the other hand, Graphium agamemnon, Atrophaneura varuna and Pachliopta aristolochiae belonged to another cluster. In the TCS haplotype network, considerable genetic divergence was observed among the nine species of swallowtail butterflies. Both phylogenetic and haplotype analyses showed that Graphium doson was genetically most divergent among the swallowtail butterflies studied in the present study. These results indicate that Graphium spp. might be the good model system to uncover many biological processes like color vision and image processing in organisms.
Identification and domestication of native ornamental fishes of Begnas Lake, Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Chand Sapana , Prasad Archana , Regmi Ramesh Sharma , Husen Md Akbal
Published: January 2023

Native fishes have great value as an ornamental fish in Nepal as well as in the global fair. Most of the ornamental fish species of Nepal are imported from India and Thailand. The main goal of this experiment is to identify and domesticate indigenous ornamental fishes for commercial production. Begnas area, Pokhara was selected as the study site as it has different small indigenous fish species which might have great potential as ornamental fish. The study was carried out for eight months period from February to September. Native fishes were collected from outlets and irrigation canal of Begnas Lake by using a cast net. Five fish species Puntius conchonius, Puntius sophore, Barilius barna, Danio devario and Danio rerio were identified and found suitable for ornamental purpose.  These fish species were domesticated with different feed with maintaining the water quality parameters in an aquarium during the experiment period. Survivability of these fish species was low during the winter season; and at the same time, they could adapt to any kind of food. Danio devario was selected for the breeding purpose; and among all, 33 individuals were selected and placed in different conditions (-in the aquarium with heater and aerator, in the outer tank exposed to direct sunlight, the tank having continuous water flow without sunlight and in the open artificial pool) with 40% CP and bloodworms and maintaining the proper water quality. Out of all the different conditions, the environment that was artificially made pool with enough sunlight was found to be suitable for breeding. Their breeding was also influenced by the environmental condition since they bred one month later than their regular breeding periods in captive conditions.
Ichthyofaunal diversity of Bhagairia Lake in Bardiya District, Nepal
Authors: Bista Abhishekh , Mandal Ram Bhajan , Yadav Choudhary Nagendra Roy , Rayamajhi Asha , Gurung Gun Bahadur
Published: January 2023

This study was conducted to assess the ichthyofaunal diversity of Bhagairia Lake located in Bardiya district, Nepal from August 2019 to February 2020. For this research monthly sampling was done to assess ichthyofaunal diversity and water quality parameters i.e. water temperature, water transparency, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, total hardness, ammonia, phosphate and nitrate from six sites around the lake.  A total number of 30 species of fish belonging to 8 orders, 13 families and 23 genera were recorded. Among these, Cypriniformes and Cyprinidae were the dominant order and family covering 50% and 44 % of fish species, respectively. Puntius sophore was found to be the dominant fish species with a catch composition of 12%. Maximum fish catch (214 individuals) was recorded in February whereas, minimum fish catch (140 individuals) was recorded in August. The fish catch was found to be positively correlated with dissolved oxygen (r= 0.912), pH (r= 0.876), alkalinity (r= 0.840) and total hardness (r= 0.876). Shannon diversity index was the highest in August (3.14) and lowest in November (2.87). Margalef's richness index was highest in the month of August (5.276) and lowest in February (3.727) whereas, Sheldon evenness index was highest in February (0.925) and lowest in September (0.823). This study revealed that Bhagairia Lake is rich in fish faunal diversity and consists of native, cultivable, ornamental and rare species of fish.
Diversity, distribution and medical significance of Gazalina species (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) in Nepal
Authors: Khanal Bhaiya , Shrestha Bimal Raj
Published: January 2023

Except for their taxonomy, distribution and ecology, little research has been done on toxic moths. Gazalina species (Family: Notodontidae, Subfamily: Thaumetopoeinae) reported in Nepal has toxic hairs that cause severe infection when they come into contact with human eyes. Three species of Gazalina have been recorded in Nepal which includes G. chrysolopha, G. apsara and G. transversa. Of them, G. chrysolopha is a widespread and common species, which can be observed attracted to white lights. The distribution range of these moths, as well as their habitat preferences and life stage phenology, is still poorly understood. The distribution of Gazalina chrysolopha has so far been restricted to the mid mountain districts, with no recorded information from the Tarai region. These moths begin to appear in the mid of July, with a peak density in September to the first week of October. Few unusual records of this moth have also been made in March and April, which is not a common phenomenon. A detailed study on the distribution, ecology, life stages, and other facts about this moth could be extremely valuable to foresters, entomologists, and professionals involved in ophthalmological research in the country. This study presents updated information of Gazalina species in Nepal based on the field study and previous publications made by a few researchers.
Aporie dyskursu żałobnego. O założeniach polityki i etyki żałoby w pismach Jacques’a Derridy
Authors: Kopka Aleksander
Published: January 2023

Aporie dyskursu żałobnego. O założeniach polityki i etyki żałoby w pismach Jacques’a Derridy

Niniejszy artykuł, bazujący na tekstach Jacques’a Derridy, poświęconych w głównej mierze jego zmarłym przyjaciołom, jest próbą nakreślenia założeń polityki i etyki żałoby. Podążając za zawartym w tekstach Derridy opisem aporii oraz paradoksów, w które dyskurs żałobny jest nieuchronnie uwikłany, autor skupia się na etyczno-politycznym otwarciu, związanym z niedrukowalnym napięciem pomiędzy uniwersalnością prawa a jednostkową odpowiedzialnością wobec innego. Żałoba zostaje ukazana nie jako jeden z wielu fenomenów, lecz jako kondycja źródłowa, czyli taka, w ramach której etyka, polityka czy odpowiedzialność mogą zyskać swe radykalne znaczenie.
The Role of Feelings in the Cognition of Values in the Perspective of Hermeneutic Philosophy (Gianni Vattimo and Charles Taylor)
Authors: Wojewoda Mariusz
Published: January 2023

The Role of Feelings in the Cognition of Values in the Perspective of Hermeneutic Philosophy(Gianni Vattimo and Charles Taylor)

The article discusses the role of feelings in the process of the cognition of values in the perspective of hermeneutic philosophy, and – more specifically – in the light of the works by two major representatives of this current: Gianni Vattimo and Charles Taylor. Despite many differences, both philosophers share the interest in the role of feelings in the process of self-interpretation and in the importance of individual moral choices. In hermeneutic philosophy, more significance is usually attributed to reason than to feelings, which makes the investigation of the role that feelings play in the process of the cognition of values and their importance in the space of interpersonal relations particularly interesting. The context of the present considerations is that of the crisis of institutional forms of social trust and therewith associated ethical principles. The author of the article analyzes the possibility of creating an ethics based on values, yet an ethics critical of institutional forms of behavior and the formalized rules of conduct developed for the purposes of the organizations.
Siła kontra dominacja. W stronę hermeneutyki przemocy
Authors: Sosnowska Paulina
Published: January 2023

Siła kontra dominacja. W stronę hermeneutyki przemocy

Artykuł jest poświęcony rekonstrukcji dwóch odmiennych sposobów rozumienia przemocy: jako siły i jako dominacji, która została przeprowadzona na podstawie analizy współczesnych interpretacji Iliady (Simone Weil) i Odysei (Theodor Adorno i Max Horkheimer). Interpretacje te posłużyły dalej jako paradygmaty służące do opisu współczesnych filozoficznych dyskursów przemocy. Esej jest osadzony metodologicznie w Ricoeurowskim rozumieniu filozofii refleksji jako myślenia zapośredniczonego przez interpretację symboli i mitów. Pojęcie symbolu jako struktury podwójnego sensu, która domaga się interpretacji, pozwala na potraktowanie dawnych mitów jako aktualnych punktów wyjścia dla rozumienia współczesnej kondycji ludzkiej.
Afektywno-emocjonalne pojmowanie dziecięcego ciała w literackich narracjach o II wojnie światowej (na przykładzie Dzieci, których nie ma Renaty Piątkowskiej)
Authors: Kowalczyk Kamila
Published: January 2023

Afektywno-emocjonalne pojmowanie dziecięcego ciała w literackich narracjach o II wojnie światowej (na przykładzie Dzieci, których nie ma Renaty Piątkowskiej)

W artykule zaprezentowano propozycję afektywno-emocjonalnego modelu lektury utworu Renaty Piątkowskiej pt. Dzieci, których nie ma, z uwzględnieniem stylistyczno-narracyjnych mechanizmów wpływających na odbiorcze reakcje. Tekt koncentruje się szczególnie na sposobach literackiego obrazowania dziecka-więźnia, fizyczno-psychicznej przemocy wobec dzieci oraz dziecięcego ciała. Wzięto przy tym pod uwagę mechanizmy deskrypcji dzieci głodnych, chorych, kalekich, straumatyzowanych i martwych. Uwagę zwrócono także na problem odbiorczej ambiwalencji budowanej pomiędzy “protetycznym współodczuwaniem” a poczuciem wstrętu oraz między afektem a abiektem.
Strona tytułowa i spis treści
Authors: Er(r)go Redakcja
Published: January 2023

Strona tytułowa i spis treści Er(r)go. Teoria - Literatura - Kultira nr. 45 (2/2022) - czwórka redakcyjna.
Metryczka
Authors: Er(r)go Redakcja
Published: January 2023

Metryczka numeru 45 (2/2022) E(r)rgo. Teoria - Literatura - Kultura.
SIMULATION OF OPERATION PUMP –STATION WATER IN IRAQ AND CHALLENGES FACING ITS OPERATION WITH POWER SYSTEM
Authors: AlJassani Juman Hadi Issa , Korkmaz Fatih
Published: January 2023

This paper’s research focuses on real problems suffered by pump stations during their connection with the national electric network, in our paper, we will take negative effects that appear in the pump stations with power flow parameters, voltage, active and reactive power current loading, and total losses. Using an electric network have 28 Buses (test2) as a simulation of Iraq’s electric network. Firstly, we will connect a pump station has a capacity of power equal to 75 MVA and do an analysis by the Neplan program which uses the Newton Raphson method to calculate load flow, after that we are solving problems by using FACT'S system (SVC, UPFC, and capacitor bank). also taken the problem of power equality as the effect of Harmonic which produced from electronic devices “soft start of the pump station and method treatment by passive filter first order. At last, we are studying the effect of fault current and how to reduce the effect by using the Current Limiting Reactor (CLR).
NEAR–OPTIMUM DETECTION OF SIGNALS IN UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC NOISE USING LOCALLY OPTIMAL DETECTOR IN TIGERS RIVER
Authors: Yousif Al-Aboosi Yasin , Sami Ahmed Mustafa , Ali Sahrab Ammar
Published: January 2023

Signal detection has been considered important in under-water signal processing and digital communications, and depending upon noise statistics’ knowledge, near-optimum signal detections in the under-water acoustic noises (UWANs) may be realized in a more effective manner. The theory of the normal (i.e. Gaussian) noise permits using matched filter (MF) detectors; for that reason, a locally optimal (LO) detector has been designed in the present work for improving the probability of the detection ( based on knowing the probability density function (PDF) of noise. Under-water noise that has been utilized for the validation represents the real data that had been gathered from the sea with the use of the broad-band hydrophones at Abo Dali district -Kazem Al Ali Village-Tigris Beaches-Baghdad-Iraq. The LO detector performance is compared after that to the conventional matched filter detector and those have been assessed based on their values. For time-varying signals, the probability of false alarms has been identified as 0.010, and of 90%, energy-to-noise ratios (ENRs) of LO are more efficient compared to the ones of Matched Filter by 4.1dB and for the signals with a fixed frequency, LO is more efficient compared to matched filter by 4.7dB.
EVALUATION OF THE PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX PROJECTS IN ERBIL GOVERNORATE
Authors: Mohammed Aksana
Published: January 2023

This study aims to evaluate the procurement management system of residential complex projects in Erbil Governorate by adopting a case study for (20) constructed projects during 2007-2019, to calculate the percentage of procurement management practice and the risks that have a significant impact on cost, time, and quality. Based on a literature review and discussion with experienced construction managers and procurement officers, a questionnaire has been designed which represents a successful plan for a procurement management system that consists of ten phases, each of five items, and the risk results associated with the improper practice. The questionnaire was delivered to stakeholders working on residential complex projects to calculate the average practice of procurement management. It is revealed that 70% of residential complex projects practiced procurement management process with a percentage below 50%. Which is considered below the acceptable rate. The average practice of procurement management phases ranges between 33% for procurement risk management and 58.5% for forecasting.  The study reviled that the practice of procurement management affects the cost and time mostly. There are 26 risks that range between high and significant categories for cost and 22 risks range between high and significant categories for time. The most significant factors for procurement management are creating an appropriate risk response plan, integrating the procurement plan with the budgeting, scheduling procurement due to dates and quantities, using the tendering procedure, and procurement quality assurance. This study may contribute to solving problems for future projects by improving the current system.
Strategi Komunikasi Kesehatan Pencegahan Lonjakan Kasus COVID-19 dalam Youtube Kemenkes RI
Authors: Prasanti Ditha , Indriani Sri Seti
Published: January 2023

Pemberitaan media ramai mempublikasikan info terbaru pandemi COVID-19, Kemenkes RI selaku departemen yang bergerak di bidang kesehatan, memberikan informasi terbaru melalui channel youtube-nya dalam salah satu video bertajuk “Keterangan Pers: Update Penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia” pada 2 Agustus 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan strategi penanganan lonjakan kasus gelombang kedua COVID-19 yang disampaikan Kemenkes RI melalui konferensi pers dalam akun youtube-nya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis etnografi virtual, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur dan observasi online. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya beragam komunikasi literasi kesehatan yang tergambar dari percakapan netizen yang mengikuti video “Keterangan Pers: Update Penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia”. Antusiasme netizen yang menyimak video tersebut mencapai 4754 viewers, terdiri dari tenaga kesehatan, wartawan dari berbagai media, perwakilan kota atau kabupaten, serta masyarakat luas. Intisari video tersebut menggambarkan perkembangan strategi komunikasi kesehatan yang dilakukan Kemenkes RI dalam menghadapi lonjakan kasus berupa deteksi, terapeutik, dan vaksinasi. Budaya percakapan yang terbentuk adalah adanya komentar dan kritik yang cukup kontroversial terkait dengan upaya penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia yang dilakukan Kemenkes RI masih belum menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskan. Kontribusi penelitian ini memberi rekomendasi kebijakan kepada Kemenkes RI mengenai strategi penanganan komunikasi kesehatan melalui media Youtube.
Characteristics of Influencer Relations: A Literature Review
Authors: Lolita Theresia Lavietha Vivrie
Published: January 2023

Ensuring a collaboration in influencer relations remains authentic, organic, and transparent remains a tricky compensating act and can be challenging for many companies and influencers to keep up though influencer relations have existed for a long time. This research aims at providing an exhaustive summary of the literature relevant to the characteristics of influencer relations. This study conducted a narrative literature review on influencer relationships which have features: 1) The communication aim is primarily at the opinion market and directly influencing the formation of opinions; 2) The goals usually are image and reputation enhancement, information and knowledge transfer; 3) Credibility and transparency of communication are crucial for achieving the goal; 4) Evaluation using image and reputation indicators, interactions, and sentiment analysis. This study suggests that strategic approaches focus on influencer relationships that spotlight authenticity to bring organizations accomplishment in influencer partnership. The research recommends the stages of corporate public relations to maintain authentic influencer relationships in adapting to the ever-changing communication landscape.
Representasi Perempuan dalam Pemberitaan Kasus Prostitusi Online Artis Vanessa Angel
Authors: Asmarani Aulia , Emilapalau Emilapalau
Published: January 2023

Tahun 2019 publik dunia maya dikejutkan dengan pemberitaan kasus prostitusionline yang menimpa artis Vanessa Angel (VA). Berdasarkan portal mediaonline Tempo.co, VA ditangkap Polda Jatim pada Sabtu, 5 Januari 2019, karena diduga terlibat kasus prostitusi online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan representasi perempuan dalam pemberitaan kasus prostitusi onlineoleh artis VA. Metode penelitian ini analisis wacana kritis dengan menggunakan analisis bahasa kritis. Analisis wacana kritis dapat membongkar maksud-maksud tertentu dari suatu wacana. Hasil penelitian ini adalah realitas jurnalis mengarahkan pembaca untuk memosisikan diri dari sudut pandang jurnalis. Jurnalis mengarahkan pembaca untuk mendukung sisi laki-laki dengan membuat alur cerita yang seolah-olah korban atau perempuan dalam berita tersebut pantas disalahkan. Terdapat dua representasi perempuan dalam pemberitaan kasus tersebut. Pertama, representasi bias gender, terlihat dari pemberitaan yang hanya fokus pada perempuan, pembahasan laki-laki atau pengguna jasa prostitusi online tidak seagresif pemberitaan tentang perempuan. Kedua, representasi perempuan digunakan sebagai objek eksploitasi. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam kajian tentang gender yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi dan menghilangkan ketidakadilan gender.
Branding the Creative City of Design: Lesson from Singapore
Authors: Prayudi Prayudi , Ardhanariswari Kartika Ayu , Probosari Ninik
Published: January 2023

Over the last two decades, creative cities have become an issue of interest as governments in several countries have worked to develop ecosystems where the creative class can innovate and share ideas. Many city governments focus more on developing creative cities and pay less attention to their city's branding. This study aims to see Singapore as a newly appointed UNESCO creative city brand, even though it already has a destination brand. There are challenges about which brand should come first or how to strategically brand a city and ensure all interests are accommodated in the branding process. This study uses a qualitative method with in-depth interview data collection techniques with the Head of the Singapore Polytechnic Department of Architecture and Design, literature studies through books, journals, newspapers, and related matters, as well as observations in the city of Singapore. The results of this study show that Singapore's branding as a creative city of design is a component of the city-state's leading branding. First, the city branding process includes identifying the uniqueness of the city brand. In this case, the emphasis on Singapore is built and grown by design. Next is the development of a brand identity that differentiates Singapore from other UNESCO design creative cities. Finally, the delivery of brand messages to all relevant stakeholders. This research contributes to the development of branding concepts related to creative cities.
Classical and quantum dynamics of over-damped non linear systems
Authors: Gonzalez Contreras Gabriel
Published: January 2023

Overdamping is a regime in which friction is sufficiently large that the motion either decays to its equilibrium position or it crosses the equilibrium position exactly once before returning monotonically towards the equilibrium position. The phenomena of overdamping has been studied classically and quantum mechanically only for the case of the linear damped harmonic oscillator. Here we study the classical and quantum dynamics of a family of over-damped non linear systems. The main objective of this paper is to find a Lagrangian and Hamiltonian framework to study over-damped non linear systems and to show that a quantum mechanical description can be developed in the momentum representation. Our results reduce to the well known solution of the linear damped harmonic oscillator when the non linear part is set to zero.
Palma y su legado en la construcción de la República
Authors: Pantigoso Pecero Manuel
Published: January 2023

Palma fue, en su tiempo, importante testigo de episodios que afectaron la vida nacional. De joven pudo escapar de la muerte al ser enviado a entregar una carta en medio del Combate del 2 de mayo en donde se rechazaba el intento de ser nuevamente colonizados. Posteriormente, ya mayor, presenció la ocupación y saqueo durante la Guerra del Pacífico. Luego fue nombrado director de la Biblioteca Nacional, desde donde buscó remontar la lamentable situación y emprendió una ardua labor para recolectar libros que le valieron el calificativo del “bibliotecario mendigo”.
juego y la Apuesta en la tradición “La pantorrilla del comandante”
Authors: Rodríguez Chávez Iván
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analizará la práctica de la apuesta como juego de azar, entre los oficiales de los ejércitos en beligerancia por la guerra de la Independencia, presentada literariamente mediante cartas. Con ese argumento Ricardo Palma ha compuesto una tradición de estructura textual atípica en relación a su forma convencional representativa. Desde el punto de vista del Derecho, nos da la oportunidad de estudiarla como un caso actual, identificándolo y explicándola en tanto un contrato aleatorio regido por el Derecho Civil regulado por el Código Civil de 1984.
Ricardo Palma y Francisco García Calderón Landa: Encuentros y desencuentros
Authors: Gonzales Alvarado Osmar
Published: January 2023

En este artículo, a partir de cartas personales, el autor recorre las trayectorias de Ricardo Palma y Francisco García Calderón Landa, ambospersonajes fundamentales de la vida cultural y política de la historia del Perú. En ellas encuentra las desavenencias que los separaron, pero también los espacios de cultura que compartieron.
Tradiciones (vol. 1): 150 años después.
Authors: Varillas Montenegro Alberto
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo recuerda que en el 2022 se celebra el sesquicentenario del primer volumen de las Tradiciones de Ricardo Palma. Sabido esque el tradicionista corregía sus originales en forma incesante. Este trabajo facilitará a los investigadores advertir la forma en que Palma va despojándose de la influencia de las leyendas románticas hasta llegar a la verdadera estructura del género que creó y que pudo consolidar entre fines de la década de 1860 y la cuarta serie de sus tradiciones aparecida en 1874.
Los libertadores en las Tradiciones en salsa verde
Authors: Kapsoli Escudero Wilfredo
Published: January 2023

Tradiciones en salsa verde lo escribió Ricardo Palma cuando tenía 71 años. Lo hizo para que circularan entre sus amigos más cercanos y, por tanto, no se editaran para el público en general. El texto originalmente fue elaborado en manuscrito, cuyos originales se destruyeron en el incendio de la Biblioteca Nacional en 1945. Hemos rescatado fragmentos de dichos documentos como evidencia de su existencia original. De los 24 textos que integran Tradiciones en salsa verde hemos elegido cinco referidas a los libertadores, entre otros, a Simón Bolívar, Antonio José de Sucre y Jacinto Lara. Hemos hecho esta selección, en razón de que en esos textos se da cuenta de las anécdotas y ocurrencias de dichos personajes que también han sido considerados, protagonistas de la producción mayor de Palmaen sus Tradiciones peruanas. El conjunto de estos materiales referidos a la Independencia del Perú lo hemos presentado, en otra ocasión, como Historias sonrientes que en este caso motivan mayor hilaridad al lector que disfruta de dichas creaciones literarias.
Del rumor al honor en la tradición «Justicia de Bolívar», de Ricardo Palma
Authors: Gonzales Cruz Eliana
Published: January 2023

En el presente artículo se analizan los aspectos histórico-geográficos, los personajes, las acciones y el lenguaje de una de las tradiciones palmistas en las que sobresale la figura del Libertador Simón Bolívar como restaurador del orden social durante el periodo de la emancipación. Se destacan, principalmente, los recursos lingüísticos marcados por un estilo coloquial propio de las tradiciones frente a la sobriedad del tema desarrollado, que gira en torno al honor, la muerte, la deshonra, la llamada de atención al castigo y al afán de ejemplaridad, con el fin de evitar que el rumor del mal comportamiento de los libertadores se extienda entre los pobladores.
Arquitectura para la salud. Construcción del limeño Hospital Dos de Mayo
Authors: Barrera Henry
Published: January 2023

La presente investigación analiza la importancia que tuvo la edificación del Hospital Dos de Mayo a mediados del siglo XIX en el progreso y mejora de la salud en Lima. La necesidad de construirlo surgió a raíz del aumento de la población en la ciudad, del crecimiento del número de pacientes, la llegada de la fiebre amarilla a comienzos de 1868 y la falta de comodidades en los hospitales en funcionamiento. El Dos de Mayo representó el afianzamiento del sentido profesional y científico de las instituciones de este tipo. Por medio de la revisión de fuentes hemerográficas de la época se observa la preocupación en reformar el servicio hospitalario y mejorar la atención a los pacientes; en otras palabras, por garantizar uno de los derechos fundamentales de todo ser humano, el derecho a la vida.
HVAF—Chance and Challenge for Users and for Powder Producers
Authors: Lanz Oliver , Gries Benno
Published: January 2023

This paper discusses the differences between high-velocity air fuel (HVAF) and classical kerosene-fired high-velocity oxygen fuel (KF-HVOF) spray processes and explains how they impact coating metallurgy and properties such as hardness, Young’s modulus, and wear resistance. The biggest differences are observed in cavitation erosion tests where HVAF coatings have a 50% greater impact on wear reduction. Potential advantages in the use of HVAF spraying for depositing thin, corrosion resistant WC-CoCr layers are also discussed.
Influence of Spray Process Parameters in Cascaded Plasma Spray Gun on YSZ Coating Morphology and Properties
Authors: Takagi Kaito , Shindo Ryota
Published: January 2023

In this study, a cascaded plasma gun is used to make YSZ coated coupons while measuring particle temperatures and velocities. Deposition efficiency and abrasion resistance are compared for coatings produced under low-temperature, high-velocity and high-temperature, low-velocity spraying conditions. Formations of shell-shaped splats were found on coating surfaces sprayed at high temperature and low velocity. The shell-shaped splats and resulting coating morphology likely contributed to the lower abrasion resistance of the coating. Other correlations between coating morphology, properties, and spraying parameters are also reported.
Laser Shock Adhesion Test (LASAT) Applied to Bioceramic Coatings Involving Two-Dimensional Shock Wave Propagation
Authors: Cottin A. , Guipont V. , Cauwe B. , Demangel C.
Published: January 2023

Metallic implants for orthopedic or dental use are often coated with a plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) layer. In this study, HA coatings are applied to titanium substrates of varying thickness and laser shock adhesion tests are performed using different laser spot diameters. The objective is to investigate the effect of different shockwave regimes on interfacial debonding and the potential consequences of laser shock adhesion testing. HA coatings exhibiting different levels of adhesion were subjected to laser shock experiments and subsequently examined using nondestructive inspection techniques. The results are presented along with suggestions for developing a robust laser shock adhesion test.
Evaluation of Advanced Weld Overlay, Thermal Spray, and Laser Clad Coatings in an Operating Waste-Wood Fired Biomass Boiler
Authors: Davis Colin , Hall Iain
Published: January 2023

Different surface protection technologies were investigated in a waste-wood fired fluidized bed boiler. This biomass fuel environment is more aggressive than those firing virgin wood due to the elevated presence of sodium, potassium, lead, and zinc, leading to the deposit of alkali metal chlorides in conjunction with ash on boiler tube surfaces. As laboratory tests are seldom representative of the complex firing, chemistry, temperature, and local heat flux encountered in actual operating conditions, five different commercial, near commercial, and development coatings were applied to a 1 m length of plain carbon steel tubing used in the furnace walls. The coatings were fully characterized and measured prior to installation and after exposure. Iron and nickel-based weld overlays, two high velocity thermal spray coatings, and a laser-clad nanosteel coating were tested. After exposure, the tube was extracted from the boiler and corrosion scales and material losses were evaluated in comparison to unprotected tube material.
Artificial Intelligent Aided Analysis and Prediction of High-Velocity Oxyfuel (HVOF) Sprayed Cr3C2-25NiCr Coatings
Authors: Liu Meimei , Yu Zexin , Wu Hongjian , Deng Sihao , Zhang Yicha , Liao Hanlin
Published: January 2023

In this work, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to investigate the application of Cr3C2-25NiCr coatings by HVOF spraying and predict the resulting properties based on flow rates, stand-off distance, and other parameters. HVOF coatings were sprayed and tests were conducted to generate data for training, validating, and testing the model. The model was trained with an R-value of 0.99965 to predict the relationship between spray parameters and coating properties including hardness, porosity, and wear rate. The reliability and accuracy of the model was subsequently verified using independent test sets.
Numerical 3D Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer in a Molten Pool During Chemical Interaction of Mixture Components at the Laser Alloying or Cladding
Authors: Gurin A.M. , Kovalev O.B.
Published: January 2023

This paper discusses the challenges of constructing mathematical models of physicochemical and heat-mass transfer processes associated with reactive heterogeneous materials used in laser additive manufacturing. The results of calculations of thermocapillary convection induced by laser heating in an aluminum melt with an admixture of nickel particles are presented. Models of interphase and chemical interactions with the formation of intermediate phases and intermetallic compounds on nickel particles added to the melt during laser alloying or cladding are proposed, which make it possible to calculate the composition of intermetallic phases in the trace of the beam after crystallization and cooling.
Dynamic Behavior of Anode Arc Jets in a Cascade Plasma Torch with an External Magnetic Field
Authors: Saito Hiroki , Matsumoto Hikaru , Fujino Takayasu
Published: January 2023

This study evaluates the effect of an external magnetic field on arc fluctuations in a cascaded plasma torch. End-on images of anode arc jets are captured by high-speed photography while associated arc voltages are measured. The results are presented and discussed.
Cavitation Resistance of HVOF Deposited WC-CoCr Cermet Coatings in Hydraulic Applications
Authors: Qin Enwei , Wang Bo , Huang Qian , Pan Chenyang , Wu Shuhui , Li Wenli
Published: January 2023

Thermal spray coatings are an effective means for improving the cavitation resistance of hydroturbine components, especially in on-site repair situations. In this study, WC-CoCr cermet coatings are deposited by HVOF spraying and their microstructure, hardness, and cavitation behavior are assessed. The coatings exhibit better cavitation resistance than stainless steel with an erosion mechanism that leaves wrinkles and craters that correspond to specific erosion stages.
Effect of Heat Treatment and Spray Parameters on the Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Coatings by Low Pressure Plasma Spraying
Authors: Shen KaiYue , Gao Yang , Yang DeMing
Published: January 2023

In this study, Ti-6Al-4V coatings were deposited by low-pressure plasma spraying (LPPS) using different powder sizes and spray currents. The coatings were also heat treated at different temperatures, after which their microstructure and properties were assessed. The results show that finer powders are more conducive to the preparation of dense coatings and that porosity is reduced by increasing plasma current. As for the effects of heat treating temperature, at 870 °C, the lamellar structure of the coating disappeared and was found to be fully equiaxed with a grain size of 5-10 µm at 1100 °C. Hardness also increased, becoming significantly higher than that of forged TC4 alloy following treatment at 1100 °C.
Development of Plasma Spray Gun for Inner Diameter Suspension and Fabrication of Thermal Spray Coating
Authors: Yoshida Mitsuru , Tateishi Yutaka , Osako Tadashi , Kondo Motoyuki , Nomura Yasushi
Published: January 2023

This study compares the performance of an ordinary plasma spray gun with that of recently developed gun designed for spraying feedstock suspensions on inner diameter surfaces. To evaluate the guns, yttrium oxide was deposited on 304 stainless steel while varying supply pressure, spraying distance, and gun traverse speed. Different methods of delivering suspension spray material to the gun were also investigated. Although Y2O3 inner-diameter coatings were successfully formed, hardness and cross-sectional porosity need improvement. Based on the findings, it may be necessary to increase substrate temperature, readjust spraying parameters, and optimize feedstock materials.
Solid Particle Erosion Wear of Plasma Sprayed NiTi Alloy Used for Aerospace Applications
Authors: Swain Biswajit , Patel Swadhin , Mallick Priyabrata , Mohapatra Soumya Sanjeeb , Behera Ajit
Published: January 2023

In this investigation, NiTi coatings are applied by atmospheric plasma spraying. Surface and interface morphology of the as-deposited material is studied using scanning electron microscopy, the presence of the different phases are revealed by X-ray diffractometry, and microhardness is determined by Vickers hardness testing. The as-deposited coatings are exposed to air-borne particle erosion to investigate their wear properties while varying erodent impact pressure and angle. It was found that the plasma sprayed NiTi splats are well formed with significant amounts of intermetallic and oxide phases at the surface and interface, contributing to dense splat formation and higher hardness.
Evaluation of Cavitation and Corrosion Synergism Mechanism on Cr3C2-25NiCr Coatings Deposited by HVOF Process
Authors: Pukasiewicz Anderson G.M. , Mayer André R. , Bertuol Kaue , Siqueira Irene B.A.F. , Vaz Rodolpho F. , Capra Andre R. , de Souza M.J.
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the synergistic effects of cavitation and corrosion on Cr3C2-25NiCr coatings with different levels of porosity. The coatings are deposited by HVOF spraying and evaluated based on SEM analysis, Vickers microhardness, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, and cavitation erosion tests in various environments under ultrasonic vibration. The results show that higher porosity reduces both cavitation and corrosion resistance, as expected. However, the samples did not show significant alteration of their cavitation properties in NaCl, probably because of the high corrosion resistance of the different phases in the coating. The influence of HVOF fuel-oxygen ratio and total gas flow on coating porosity, as well as phase morphology, is also discussed.
Development of ScSZ Electrolyte Fabricated by Very Low Pressure Plasma Spraying for Metal Supported SOFCs Applications
Authors: Wang Yue-Peng , Gao Jiu-Tao , Chen Wei , Li Cheng-Xin , Zhang Shan-lin , Yang Guan-Jun , Li Cheng-Xin
Published: January 2023

This study assesses the potential of scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) produced by very low-pressure plasma spraying (VLPPS) for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell (MS-SOFC) applications. To investigate the microstructure of ScSZ, coating samples were deposited at spraying distances of 150, 250, 350 mm. The fragile nature of coating cross-sections suggests that the typical lamellar structure of zirconia is replaced by a transgranular structure. Nonetheless, apparent porosity, ionic conductivity, open circuit voltage, and ohmic resistance measurements indicate that VLPPS is a viable method for producing MS-SOFCs.
Cold Spray Coatings for Automotive Cylinder Block Application
Authors: Aubanel Laurent , Lefeivre Loic , Delloro Francesco , Jeandin Michel , Sura Edoardo
Published: January 2023

Cold spraying of automotive engine blocks requires a gun adaptation for inner diameter spraying with a very short nozzle. In this work, 316L coatings are sprayed with such a gun and the behavior of particles impacting aluminum and stainless steel surfaces is studied in order to understand the factors that affect coating adhesion and cohesion. Correlations between spraying parameters and coating properties were investigated via design of experiments and the effect of process parameters on deposition efficiency and coating thickness was optimized for mass production. Post-process honing was also employed as part of the study and smooth coatings with small pores were obtained.
Capability of Cold Spraying to Obtain High Deposition Efficiency for the Metallization of PEEK
Authors: Raoelison Rija Nirina , Koithara Libin Lalu , Costil Sophie , Xie Xinliang
Published: January 2023

This work addresses some of the challenges associated with depositing copper on PEEK by cold spraying. Getting copper powder to adhere to the PEEK substrate is not difficult at first, but deposition efficiency falls rapidly during coating build-up. Without heating the propellant gas, a copper coating will not form, even at the highest gas pressures. Increasing prechamber pressure is necessary, but requires an increase in gas temperature to 400°C to reach a deposition efficiency of 70%. Subjecting PEEK to such heat causes delamination issues that offset the deposition efficiency gained.
Investigation of the Powder Feeding Behavior of Different WC-Co(Cr) Powders for ID Applications
Authors: Tillmann W. , Schaak C. , Krekler B.
Published: January 2023

The ongoing development of new HVOF spray guns for internal diameters is driving demand for finer spray powders. Fine spray powders (< 20 µm) are necessary to achieve short spray distances, but they also create new challenges. The first steps in the thermal spray process chain are powder preparation and feeding. If these steps are not stable, no sufficient coating quality can be obtained. This present work compares volumetric and fluidization powder feeding methods and investigates the feeding behavior of agglomerated and sintered WC-Co(Cr) powders with particle fractions of -5+15 µm, -20+5 µm, and -10+2 µm. Particle size fraction was measured ex situ by laser diffraction and particle outflow from the injectors was recorded in-situ by means of particle image velocimetry.
Bioinspired Mechanically Robust Metal-Based Water Repellent Surface Enabled by Scalably Constructing a Flexible Coral-Reef Like Cu-Based Architecture
Authors: Luo Xiao-Tao , Li Chang-Jiu
Published: January 2023

This study assesses the durability of superhydrophobic surfaces that possess a scalable architecture similar in morphology to branching or corymbose coral. In the experiments, electrolytic copper powders with a coral-like morphology are cold sprayed onto metal, ceramic, and glass substrates, forming a textured copper layer with a structural hierarchy based on the morphology of the powder. After cold spraying, a flame treatment is applied, creating a porous layer of Cu2O over the pliable Cu surface, which further increases roughness. As a final step, a fluoroalkyl silane spray is applied to reduce surface energy. It is shown that the fluorinated surface retains its excellent water repellency after cyclic bending and folding, sand-grit erosion, knife-scratching, and even heavy loading with simulated acid rain. It also retains its adhesion to glass (17 MPa), ceramic (12 MPa), and metal (34 MPa) substrates.
Corrosion Properties of Thermally Sprayed Bond Coatings Under Plasma Sprayed Chromia Coating in Sulfuric Acid Solutions
Authors: Vuoristo Petri , Varis Tommi , Meschini Damiano , Bolelli Giovanni , Lusvarghi Luca
Published: January 2023

Ceramic coatings are often applied to metallic substrates using a bond coat to promote adhesion. The corrosion environment between the substrate and ceramic layer can be very harsh due to the absence of dissolved oxygen, high concentrations of corrosive electrolytes, and galvanic and crevice corrosion mechanisms within the bond coat itself. This study assesses the performance of several bond coats in sulfuric acid, including plasma sprayed tantalum and HVOF sprayed NiCr, Hastelloy C, and Ultimet. The bond coats were deposited on Hastelloy substrates and covered with a Cr2O3 topcoat. Electrochemical polarization and open circuit potential measurements were recorded and coating microstructures were examined before and after the corrosion tests. Plasma sprayed tantalum exhibited the best corrosion resistance at room temperature, followed by HVOF sprayed Hastelloy C.
Cavitation Erosion Characteristics of HVOF Thermal Sprayed WC-Cermet Coatings
Authors: Kanno Akihior , Takagi Kaito
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the cavitation erosion (CE) behavior and fracture morphology of tungsten carbide thermal spray coatings. WC-CoCr and WC-CrC-Ni powders of various sizes were deposited on stainless steel substrates by HVOF spraying using different combustion pressures. Coating samples and Cr steel reference specimens were subjected to vibratory cavitation erosion tests, volume loss was measured, and erosion damages were examined by SEM to assess fracture morphology. The results indicate that CE resistance can be improved by reducing porosity and increasing interparticle bonding strength.
Improvement of Online Diagnostic System to Monitor In-Flight Particles in Thermal Spray Processes
Authors: Akbarnozari A. , Amiri S. , Moreau C. , Bamber O. , Gernon J-D. , Choquet M. , Pouliot L.
Published: January 2023

This study compares the performance of different measurement methods for characterizing particles during thermal spraying. The accuracy of double-point and single-point measurements is assessed in the context of HVOF and suspension plasma spraying (SPS) where in-flight particle temperature and velocity are recorded for different powders and suspensions. The results are evaluated by analyzing splats and correlating their size and shape to in-flight particle temperature measurements. It is shown that particle diagnostic systems based on single-point measurements are well suited for SPS and HVOF processes.
Coating Verification and Examination Task to Realize Inner Diameter Thermal Spraying by Suspension Spray Method
Authors: Osako Tadashi , Tateishi Yutaka , Yoshido Mitsuru , Kondo Motoyuki , Nomura Yasushui
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the effect of suspension plasma spraying (SPS) parameters on inner diameter coatings produced from yttria suspensions, one in water and one in ethanol. Thermal spray trials were conducted at different spray distances, transverse speeds, and spray angles, with and without a water shroud. The coatings obtained were then examined in order to assess the influence of each parameter and the effect of water cooling on substrate temperature, porosity, vertical cracking, nodule formation, surface roughness, and deposition rate. Key findings and correlations are presented in the paper along with recommended practices and potential improvement pathways.