bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exergames na Educação Física Escolar como potencializadores da ação docente na cultura digital
Authors: Lima Marcio Roberto de , Mendes Diego Sousa , Lima Eduardo de Matos
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Este artigo relata a aproximação de uma escola pública urbana dos exergames (EXG) nas aulas de Educação Física Escolar (EFE). A pesquisa objetivou identificar significados atribuídos por um professor ao uso de EXG em sua prática pedagógica e sistematizar potencialidades e limitações da aproximação EXG-EFE. Foram utilizados dois videogames Xbox One com Kinect e contou-se com a colaboração de um professor de EFE e de seus alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio. O estudo caracterizou uma Pesquisa-Ação tendo como base a introdução dos EXG nas aulas, o que permitiu: imersão de pesquisadores no contexto de estudo e suas aproximações dos sujeitos de pesquisa; intervenção no cotidiano escolar; realização de observações; geração de dados empíricos pela via da documentação audiovisual, questionários e entrevista. Em campo, foi possível constatar: reconfiguração dos espaços escolares para a EFE; ressignificações nas ações pedagógicas envolvendo um processo de revisão e reflexão sobre a prática; introdução de novos conteúdos de referência na unidade curricular; melhorias na motivação discente; desenvolvimento de uma cultura participativa discente. As limitações envolvendo o uso pedagógico dos EXG foram associadas ao número de alunos e ao tempo previsto para as aulas. Os indicadores sistematizados na pesquisa sugerem que os EXG propiciam um encontro positivo entre a escola, as práticas da EFE e a cultura digital, podendo essa tecnologia ser considerada como uma expansão das vivências corporais na unidade curricular.
Em que medida a mídia jornalística aborda o financiamento educacional? Estudo de caso no Texas/EUA
Authors: Viana Mariana Peleje , Straubhaar Rolf
Published: August 2020

RESUMO O trabalho investiga como a mídia jornalística televisiva trata sobre o financiamento da educação básica, com o objetivo de traçar elementos teórico-metodológicos capazes de analisar como os meios de comunicação podem influenciar a opinião pública sobre a escola e, consequentemente, balizar os debates legislativos e a implementação de políticas educacionais. Com abordagem baseada na metodologia da análise crítica do discurso, a pesquisa original realiza estudo quantitativo e qualitativo em cinco cidades do estado do Texas (Estados Unidos da América), utilizando como fonte as notícias de seus principais telejornais e jornais impressos locais, criando um banco de dados em série histórica, capaz de revelar os tópicos de maior cobertura jornalística no tocante ao financiamento da educação. No presente artigo, são apresentados os materiais e métodos utilizados pela pesquisa, enfocando os resultados quantitativos quanto à mídia televisiva. O trabalho visa contribuir com o debate sobre as matrizes ideológicas que permeiam a representação simbólica construída socialmente, por meio da mídia jornalística, acerca da educação pública e seu financiamento.
A cultura material escolar na instrução primária no Maranhão oitocentista
Authors: Castellanos Samuel Luis Velázquez
Published: August 2020

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo é problematizar os conteúdos que emergem de fontes documentais sobre a instrução primária no período imperial na Província do Maranhão à luz dos conceitos da teoria da cultura material escolar. Sustenta-se o estudo nos aportes teórico-metodológicos da História Cultural e operacionaliza-se em duas frentes: a revisão da literatura sobre a temática em questão e a localização, identificação e análise das fontes oriundas do Arquivo Público do Maranhão, que nos auxiliam na compreensão da cultura maranhense, da cultura escolar das instituições de ensino primário e da cultural material escolar por meio de leis, regulamentos, decretos, aprovações e veto. Verificam-se as ações dos presidentes da Província e dos inspetores sobre a instrução primária local expressa nos relatórios e ofícios, avaliando-se o poder da gestão nas decisões de abrir e fechar escolas, nomear e demitir professores, abrir concursos públicos, criar cadeiras e exigir métodos de ensino; práticas culturais específicas estabelecidas entre estratégias de imposição e táticas de apropriação. Analisam-se os atos que orientam o ensino primário e identificam-se concepções, práticas e posicionamentos referentes à instrução, possibilitando interpretações de signos, sentidos e significados que norteiam as práticas escolares e sociais numa abordagem pedagógica, sociológica e política como dimensão cultural das culturas escolares e da cultura material escolar segundo sua natureza e função.
Does inoculation with Rhizobium tropici and nitrogen fertilization increase chickpea production?
Authors: Almeida Neta Maria Nilfa , Pegoraro Rodinei Facco , Sampaio Regynaldo Arruda , Costa Cândido Alves da , Fernandes Luiz Arnaldo , Ferreira Jessica Mendes
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Studies related to nitrogen fertilization and biological nitrogen fixation in the increase of chickpea production are considered scarce in tropical regions. This work aimed to evaluate the inoculation with Rhizobium tropici, and nitrogen fertilization, under irrigated tropical conditions, on the development of chickpea in low and high content of soil organic matter (SOM). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications, in a 2 x 6 factorial scheme. Treatments, consisted of the presence and absence of inoculation with R. tropici, and six N doses (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 kg ha-1) in the form of urea. The study was divided into two areas with distinct contents of SOM. In the area with the lowest content of SOM (3.55 dag kg-1), the inoculation with R. tropici or the fertilization with 125 kg ha-1 N increased the leaf content of nutrients (N, K, Mg, and P) and grain mass per plant, 100-grain mass, number of pods with two grains, dry mass of leaves, branches, chlorophyll index, and relative agronomic efficiency. Thus, the yield was increased in 65%, compared to the control treatment, recommending the application of 100 to 125 kg ha-1 of N with or without R. tropici. In the area with the highest content of SOM (7.37 dag kg-1), the inoculation with R. tropici provided a higher grain mass per plants, number of pods with one gain, dry mass of leaves, total dry mass, and chlorophyll index; nitrogen fertilization increased the leaf content of N and the chlorophyll index, although neither factor interfered with the yield, and are not recommended. Such results indicate the dependence of the nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Rhizobium on the natural availability of N in the SOM.
Role of a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the COVID-19 Pandemia: recommendations from the neonatology discipline
Authors: Carvalho Werther Brunow de , Gibelli Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni , Krebs Vera Lucia Jornada , Tragante Carla Regina , Perondi Maria Beatriz Moliterno
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 a pandemic. The Obstetrics and Neonatology disciplines needed to be revised to suit the institutional need to expand intensive care beds to care for confirmed or suspected patients with COVID-19 in the state of São Paulo, following the recommendations of the Institutional Crisis Committee. Three different actions were needed: the structuring of teams and advanced medical post to attend COVID-19-free patients and those with suspect or confirmed COVID-19; elaborating the protocols from the delivery room throughout hospitalization. Some special considerations about breastfeeding and rooming-in were needed. The third action was the drafting of a protocol to admit infants from other hospitals with confirmed COVID-19 as the unit never admitted outpatients before.
Expression of long noncoding RNA NBAT1 is associated with the outcome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Da-Ling , Yuan Peng , Tian Ji-Yuan
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Long noncoding RNA neuroblastoma-associated transcript 1 (NBAT1) has been reported to be involved in cancer progression. However, the clinical significance of NBAT1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear. Our present research aimed to explore whether NBAT1 serves as a biomarker for NSCLC prognosis. METHODS The expression of NBAT1 was examined by RT-PCR in tissue samples of 162 NSCLC patients and was compared with the adjacent non-tumor lung specimens. Then the association between NBAT1 expression and clinical-pathological parameters was further evaluated. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The prognostic significance of NBAT1 expression in NSCLC patients was explored by the use of univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS NBAT1 expression was prominently decreased in NSCLC tissues compared with matched normal lung specimens (p < 0.01). Moreover, survival analyses indicated that patients with low expression displayed dramatically decreased 5-year overall survival (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS NBAT1 expression might contribute to tumor progression and poor prognosis of NSCLC and might be a new therapeutic target in NSCLC.
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome)
Authors: Venade Gabriela , Figueiredo Cátia , Almeida Catarina , Oliveira Nídia , Matos Luis Costa
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY Churg–Strauss syndrome, Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), is a systemic vasculitis that affects small– to medium-sized vessels. It is rare and part of the Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis (ANCA) group. We present a 37-year-old man, with a previous history of asthma, that was sent to the ED due to 2 weeks of productive cough, occasional dyspnea on exertion, fever (one week), asthenia, and anorexia. Upon physical examination, he was subfebrile and tachycardic. He had leukocytosis (17.00 x10^9/L) and eosinophilia of 20.0 % (3.4 X10^9/L), creatinine level of 1.5 mg/dL, subtle elevation on liver function tests and CRP of 10.82mg/dL. On Chest X-Ray, there was infiltrate on the right pulmonary base. Due to a strong suspicion of EGPA, he was started on 80mg of prednisolone from admission. ANCA MPO was positive, with the remaining auto-immune study negative. He underwent Thorax CT (under corticotherapy) without relevant changes, as well as bronchoalveolar lavage, without macroscopic signs of alveolar hemorrhage. Because of active urinary sediment, nephrotic proteinuria (6.5g/24h), and acute renal failure he underwent a renal biopsy, which revealed pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis, with predominantly acute findings (in the context of ANCA-MPO Vasculitis – EGPA). After the biopsy, he received three 1g methylprednisolone pulses and was started on Cyclophosphamide. He remained asymptomatic and renal function was restored. This case highlights the importance of integrating all findings in one clinical scenario to prevent a more complex disease diagnosis, with a specific treatment, from being missed.
The value of morphofunctional magnetic resonance imaging with hepatospecific contrast agent in the characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic patient with hepatitis C
Authors: Fernandes Daniel Alvarenga , Martins Daniel Lahan , Penachim Thiago José , Barros Ricardo Hoelz de Oliveira , Costa Larissa Bastos Eloy da , Ataíde Elaine Cristina de , Boin Ilka de Fátima Santana Ferreira , Caserta Nelson Marcio Gomes
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C in the absence of cirrhosis is uncommon. We demonstrate the importance of morphofunctional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a hepatospecific contrast agent by describing an asymptomatic female patient with HCV, who presented with a nodule detected on ultrasound. She underwent inconclusive computed tomography, presenting no signs of chronic liver disease. MRI with hepatospecific contrast providing functional information combined with the superior tissue contrast inherent to this method stands out for its greater accuracy with the possibility of not resorting to invasive diagnostic methods. With increasing experience and the dissemination of this new diagnostic modality in the medical field, its use and other potential benefits of morphofunctional MRI with hepatospecific contrast agents may be established, benefiting patients with challenging focal liver lesions.
Proton pump inhibitor indications in a Brazilian tertiary hospital
Authors: Matoso Abadia Gilda Buso , Almeida Fernanda Arantes Mendonça Toledo , Paiva Lígia , Margonari Patrícia Munhoz , Bertolin Tainá Mendes , Sousa Alisson Alves , Carvalho Ana Júlia Araújo de , Alves Ana Vera Cardoso , Santos Ébony Lima dos , Teodoro Lívia Lara , Silva Thiago Trajano da
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the frequency of prescription of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and their indications in patients hospitalized at the Hospital de Clínicas of the Federal University of Uberlândia (HC-UFU). METHODS This is a quantitative cross-sectional observational study that analyzes data obtained from patient records on prescriptions of PPIs for patients hospitalized at the HC-UFU and from a questionnaire applied to assistant physicians on the indications of the drug in each case and evaluates the indication based on literature data. RESULTS On a pre-determined day, of a total of 462 inpatients, there was a prescription of PPI for 183 (39.3%), with a higher frequency (73.5%) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), followed by the infirmaries and the Emergency Room. The assistant physician was located in 116 cases, and the main motivation referred to prescription was prophylaxis of digestive hemorrhage (77%). However, after reviewing medical records, it was noticed that in 50.8% of the cases, the prescription was not supported by the literature. CONCLUSION The frequency of PPI prescriptions for inpatients in the HC-UFU is among the lowest described in the literature, but there are still unnecessary prescriptions. Instruction and awareness of the assisting team can minimize these numbers.
Mortality due to congenital heart disease in Pernambuco from 1996 to 2016
Authors: Cabral João Victor Batista , Guimarães Aline Luzia Sampaio , Sobral Filho Dário Celestino , Santos Ana Célia Oliveira dos
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY BACKGROUND To determine the magnitude and temporal trends of deaths due to congenital heart disease (CHD) in Pernambuco between 1996 and 2016. METHODS This was an ecological, time-series study, involving all cases of deaths from congenital cardiovascular malformations in the state of Pernambuco, from 1996 to 2016, using data from DATASUS, SINASC and SIM. RESULTS There were 3,584 deaths from congenital cardiovascular malformations amongst individuals aged 0 to 14 years, of which 81.94% were concentrated in children aged under one year. The infant mortality rate (IMR) presented a linear growth trend of 0.4645 per year (p <0.01). The cause-of-death code Q24 (other congenital malformations of the heart) was present in 72.54% of the death records and 48.17% of the deaths occurred in infants aged between 28 and 364 days of life. The highest occurrence of deaths was identified in children with low birth weight (500 and 1,499g), male, premature, children of mothers without schooling, in deliveries at home (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Congenital heart disease still represents a public health problem as a cause of death, particularly in the first year of life, with IMR in a linear growth trend. Deaths from CHD were more prevalent in male children, born prematurely, with low birth weight, born to mothers with low schooling and deliveries without medical care.
Effect of radiation on endothelial functions in workers exposed to radiation
Authors: Mansiroglu Asli Kurtar , Isa Sincer , Yilmaz Gunes
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Our aim is to determine whether radiation affects the endothelial function of hospital staff working in the radiation unit for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We have evaluated endothelial function with vascular imaging parameters such as flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and aortic stiffness index (ASI). METHODS A total of 75 employees, 35 of whom are exposed to radiation due to their profession and 40 as the control group, were included in our single-centered study. Demographic data, FMD, aortic stiffness, and echocardiographic findings of the two groups were compared. RESULTS There were no significant differences in demographic data. Median FMD values tended to be lower in the radiation exposure group [7.89 (2.17-21.88) vs. 11.69 (5.13-27.27) p=0.09]. The FMD value was significantly lower in the catheter laboratory group than in the radiation-exposed (p=0.034) and control (p=0.012) groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the non-catheter lab radiation exposed group and the control group (p=0.804). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the ASI value between the groups (p=0.201). CONCLUSION We have found that FMD is decreased among hospital staff working in radiation-associated areas. This may be an early marker for radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction.
Dimensioning of reservoirs for semiarid regions using synthetic series
Authors: Vieira Priscila R. , Pruski Fernando F. , Souza José R. C.
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The lack of fluviometric data for hydrographic basins affects the estimates of capacity of regularization reservoirs, important to meet water seasonal demands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of methodologies based on synthetic series (SS) of streamflow for the dimensioning of regularization reservoirs in the Jequitinhonha River Basin, Brazil. The reservoir capacity (RC) was estimated with and without the association to return period, using different long-term mean streamflow rates, SS from the observed data, and estimated data by the streamflow regionalization process developed by the Instituto Mineiro de Gestão das Águas. The results obtained were compared to the RC obtained in regionalization methods of the regularization curve and regionalization of reservoir capacity. The methods that include synthetic series associated to return period presented better performance, with 25% and 15% lower overestimate and underestimate means, respectively, and estimated values closer to those that considered the observed data series. Therefore, the use of methodologies to estimate RC, using SS was adequate for the locations without fluviometric monitoring in the Jequitinhonha River Basin.
Ecophysiology of Andropogon grass subjected to different cutting frequencies and intensities
Authors: Lima Juliana R. L. , Rodrigues Rosane C. , Sousa Giovanne O. C. , Costa Clésio dos S. , Parente Henrique N. , Santos Francisco N. de S.
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphogenic and structural characteristics, and demographic patterns of Andropogon gayanus subjected to different cutting frequencies and intensities. A completely randomized design was adopted in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to three cutting heights (50, 70, and 90 cm), and two cutting intensities (50 and 70%) with four repetitions, totaling 24 plots of 7.50 × 6.25 m. For morphogenesis, there was no interaction effect (P ≤ 0.05) of treatments on stem elongation rate, leaf appearance rate, and phyllochron rate. The highest rate of leaf elongation was observed at a height of 90 cm and cut intensity of 50%, with 1.69 and 0.84 cm tiller-1 d-1 of leaf elongation at heights of 50 and 70 cm, respectively. For forage production, there was no interaction (p > 0.05) between cutting intensity and cutting height. When the pasture was managed to a cutting height of 90 cm, there was a greater increase in dry leaf mass, stalk dry mass, dead forage dry mass, and total dry forage mass, which was 50.89% and 53.29% higher than pasture heights of 50 and 70 cm, respectively. There was no interaction between factors on demographic characteristics (p > 0.05). A cutting height of 70 cm with a cutting intensity of 50% is recommended when handling this grass.
Use of linear programming for decision making: An analysis of cost, time and comfort of rural housing dwellings
Authors: Lovatto Juliano , Santos Rodrigo C. , Souza Cristiano M. A. de , Zucca Rafael , Lovatto Felipo , Geisenhoff Luciano O.
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Brazilian agriculture production requires new types of rural buildings that are more sustainable, economical, and well adapted to their environment. Furthermore, these buildings are no longer simple living quarters, but a way of valuing rural workers. Thus, this study aimed to create a linear programming model for optimizing decision-making when different techniques and construction materials are combined to build rural housing dwellings, thereby enabling an assessment of both the cost and comfort of such buildings. The research considered localizing network facilities via analogies in order to adapt a budget matrix. Three main criteria were applied: cost, runtime, and the environmental comfort provided. The model comprised six construction systems, three types of sealing masonry, two types of roofing, and four types of tiles. Simulations were performed for two Brazilian states, considering the same reference date of validation and comparison. Each input variable resulted in a different construction model. It was demonstrated that the new industrialized construction technologies are advantageous since they provide faster execution, competitive prices, and sustainable raw materials, whilst the application of the criteria to the traditional system of reinforced concrete is also feasible. The linear programming model offers its users an additional decision-making tool for construction systems, enabling time and resource optimization.
Nutritional Education: a Gap in Medical Training
Authors: Villacorta Denise Bitar Vasconcelos , Barros Charles Alberto Villacorta de , Macedo Bernardo Felipe Santana de , Caldato Milena Coelho Fernandes
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Introduction: The role of nutrition in medicine has changed from a passive function, from an adjuvant therapy, to a proactive and sophisticated therapy that prevents various health problems and changes the natural history of the disease. Recent studies show up that medical education does not sufficiently and efficiently address the patient’s nutritional aspects, thus training physicians who are not confident in providing nutritional care to their patients. This study aimed to analyze and describe scientific studies that have evaluated nutrition education in medical schools, seeking within this context to find nutrition topics important for undergraduate medical education. Methods: This research was conducted through a cross-sectional, descriptive, scoping review after searching for synonyms using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) and DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors) tools. Results: We initially found 1.057 publications that underwent sequential screening until reaching a total of 16 articles, which achieved the scope of this research. Most articles are from the United States of America (50%), assessed a total of 860 medical students and 243 medical schools using different approaches regarding the teaching of nutrition. Final considerations: In this review, we have shown that despite several studies ratifying the well-established association between nutrition and prevention/treatment of diseases that require outpatient care, or at the hospital level, nutrition education in undergraduate medical school has not accompanied this evidence and, for many years, the subject has been underestimated. In Brazil, no studies were found on this topic with the used descriptors.
The Visual Practice: the Infographic as a Facilitating Tool for Learning in Medical School
Authors: Oliveira Diêgo Andrade de , Lessa Rosângela Souza , Ribeiro Suzana Cristina Silva , Vasconcelos Pedro Fonseca de
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Introduction: In the context of medical school, the development of methodologies that stimulate the students’ search for learning, autonomy and creativity are essential for medical education in Brazil. The study aims to describe the construction of infographics as a pedagogical proposal for the learning of organic human aging processes by medical students. Method: Medical students attending the 4th period at a Higher Education Institution built infographics, as a requirement for the practical content of the Aging Process module. The static-type infographic was adopted, following criteria such as the definition of the target audience; definition of the objective; choice of topic; selection of the most relevant information (focus); direct and accessible language; organized information; choices of color palettes and style and; infographic sketch. The entire creation process was supervised by the teacher in charge of the project, and evaluation criteria were previously established. Results: The class was divided into seven groups, resulting in the production of an infographic with a specific topic per group. The human aging topics were: Degenerative Joint Diseases, Bone Weakness, Pneumonia in the Elderly, Acute Myocardial Infarction, Vascular Dementia, Atherosclerosis and Herpes Zoster. It is worth noting that in addition to the creation, each group presented the final product to the other colleagues, explaining each item included in the static infographic. Conclusions: We observed that the students satisfactorily met the proposed evaluation requirements, demonstrating their involvement in the construction of infographics and, above all, in simple, creative and objective learning, using a powerful visual tool. We also add that the printed material will be used as aid in the histology laboratory and in extramural activities.
Severity levels of physical punishment of children/adolescents: cluster analysis
Authors: AZEVEDO Roberta Noronha , BAZON Marina Rezende
Published: August 2020

Abstract Physical punishment – corporal punishment – of children/adolescents is highly prevalent. The objective of this study was to verify if, in a sample of parents/caregivers, there would be subgroups that would differentiate themselves regarding the behavior of physically punishing the children, in terms of modalities, frequency, body parts of the child affected, and presence of parental anger in the act of punishing, denoting severity levels associated with differences in the psychosocial variables pointed out in the literature as risk factors for physical abuse. A quantitative approach was adopted, with a cross-sectional design and cluster method. The study included 87 parents/caregivers who practice physical punishment. The analyses indicated the existence of three clusters that differed in the level of severity of corporal punishment and some of the psychosocial variables, denoting the importance of developing services/programs to cope with violence against children/adolescents and specific psychosocial intervention strategies.
Effects of musical improvisation as a cognitive and motor intervention for the elderly
Authors: SANTOS Marcelo Rabello dos , KRUG Monique Siebra , BRANDÃO Michel Rasche , LEON Victória Silva de , MARTINOTTO Júlia Cenci , FONSECA Júlia Delgado da , BRASIL Alissa Costa , MACHADO Andréa Guedes , OLIVEIRA Alcyr Alves de
Published: August 2020

Abstract Music has been debated as a positive factor for the health of elderly people. In a randomized study, the researchers compared an intervention based on percussion and musical improvisation with a choir activity. The objective was to investigate whether improvisation would influence the executive functioning and motor skills of healthy elderly people. A set of instruments for psychological and motor assessment was used before and after the procedure. Differences were found in the performance of the participants of the improvisation group in the Clock Drawing Test suggesting possible gains in executive function. There were gains, regardless of the group, in part A of the Trail Making Test, which indicates a sustained attention. No evidence of motor effects was found in this study. The results suggest that musical activities can contribute to the prevention of cognitive decline caused by aging.
Creative use of information and communication technologies according to university professors and students
Authors: VILARINHO-PEREIRA Daniela Rezende , FLEITH Denise de Souza
Published: August 2020

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of technologies in fostering students’ creativity and motivation in university classrooms, according to professors and students. Nine professors from three groups – those who use information and communication technologies creatively, those who make traditional use of these technologies, and those who do not use information and communication technologies –, were interviewed. Additionally, 249 students completed the Inventory of Teaching Practices for Creativity in Higher Education and the Motivation Scale for Learning. In the professors’ report, it was not noticed a link between technology and the development of creativity. Students whose teachers did not use information and communication technologies evaluated the teaching practices for creativity more positively. The use of digital technologies in the classroom should be planned according to the purposes that are sought to achieve.
Trichoderma and Clonostachys as biocontrol agents against Meloidogyne incognita in sacha inchi
Authors: Márquez-Dávila Kadir , Arévalo-López Luis , Gonzáles Raúl , Vega Liliana , Meza Mario
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT One of the main pathological problems for cropping sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is its susceptibility to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita). In this study, fungal endophytes were explored in the stems and leaves of seven species of the Plukenetia genus, and also evaluated the abilities of isolates of Trichoderma and Clonostachys as biocontrol agents against damages caused by this nematode in sacha inchi. In order to evaluate such effects, seedlings were colonized with these fungal isolates, and then they were infested with root-knot nematode eggs. The results showed that the Plukenetia genus is rich in diversity of fungal endophytes. Their greatest diversity was found in Plukenetia brachybotria. Among the most efficient isolates for endophytic colonization, some of Trichoderma (e.g., kmd-36 and kmd-54) and others of Clonostachys (e.g., kmd-68 and kmd-80) provided a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the number of galls induced by the nematodes, in comparison to the control treatment without endophytic colonization. In addition, these isolates allowed a better root development in the tested plants, thus revealing a good biocontrol potential against M. incognita in sacha inchi.
Protein yield and mineral contents in Pereskia aculeata under high-density planting system
Authors: Souza Maria Regina de Miranda , Pereira Paulo Roberto Gomes , Pereira Rafael Gustavo Faria , Barbosa Ivan de Paiva , Baracat-Pereira Maria Cristina
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The development of technologies to increase the yield of Pereskia aculeata Mill. may contribute to its market insertion as an excellent source of protein. This study aimed to assess the influence of plant density on protein yield and mineral contents of P. aculeata leaves and branches. The experiment consisted of five treatments (1 plant m-², 5 plants m-², 10 plants m-², 25 plants m-² and 50 plants m-²), in three blocks. Eight consecutive harvests were obtained over 12 months, and 10 plants m-² was considered the best density, with yields of 144.0 t ha-1 year-1, 25.6 t ha-1 year-1, 310.8 t ha-1 year-1 and 58.3 t ha-1 year-1, respectively for leaf fresh and dry matter, and branch fresh and dry matter. The average leaf protein content (22.4 %) was not influenced by plant density. The estimated total protein yields were 5,759 kg ha-1 year-1 and 9,035.3 kg ha-1 year-1, respectively in the leaves and branches with leaves. The high-density system with 10 plants m-2 in successive harvests is a fast way to produce large amounts of vegetable protein and mineral-rich leaves per area and time for human and animal feeding.
Physiological and biochemical effects of Lantana camara L. allelochemicals on the seed germination of Avena sativa L.
Authors: Gindri Diego Medeiros , Coelho Cileide Maria Medeiros , Uarrota Virgilio Gavicho
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Lantana camara (L.) is considered one of the main weeds of agricultural crops, and allelochemicals produced by this species may be a source for the development of natural herbicides. In this study, phytotoxic effects of L. camara aqueous extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of Avena sativa (L.) were assessed. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with treatments resulting from two assays, testing five concentrations of the extract (0 %, 2.5 %, 5.0 %, 7.5 % and 10 %; vv-1). During the seed germination, physiological (e.g., seed imbibition, germination and vigor) and biochemical (e.g., catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, proline, phenols, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide) proprieties were evaluated. The leaf extracts of L. camara affected the response variables on A. sativa by reducing the germination speed index (phases I and II) and seed viability (phase III of germination), thus causing a solute leakage and increasing the production of reactive oxygen forms and, finally, lipid peroxidation. Extract concentrations above 2.5 % inhibit the growth of epicotyls. Therefore, the studied allelochemicals showed potential to be exploited in the development of natural herbicides.
Vulnerabilities and clinical manifestations in scorpion envenomations in Santarém, Pará, Brazil: a qualitative study
Authors: Torrez Pasesa Pascuala Quispe , Bertolozzi Maria Rita , França Francisco Oscar de Siqueira
Published: August 2020

Abstract Objective: To describe elements of vulnerabilities and clinical manifestations of the victims of scorpionism in Santarem-Pará. Method: Quantitative and qualitative study with a theoretical framework of Twenty-eight patients stung by scorpions were interviewed by applying a semi-structured instrument. Data were analyzed according to the technique of discourse analysis. Results: Seventeen patients (60.7%) were male and eight (28.6%) were illiterate. Twenty-two (78.5%) patients were small farmers. This study revealed that these patients had an important individual, social and programmatic vulnerability. Interviews revealed limited knowledge about prevention and first aid after the envenomation. Programmatic vulnerability is highlighted because there is difficulty in accessing health services due to the great geographical extension of the Amazon region and also a lack of experience of the health care workers in caring for scorpion sting victims. Conclusion: This research accurately reveals previously described neuromuscular and sensory nervous system disorders in these victims of scorpionism. As far as we know, this is the first study that addresses the vulnerability of scorpionism using qualitative methodology.
Stress factors of nursing students in their final year
Authors: Mendes Sandra Soares , Martino Milva Maria Figueiredo De
Published: August 2020

Abstract Objective: To identify the stress factors of the university environment and the repercussions on the quality of sleep and life of students in their last year of undergraduate nursing. Method: A cross-sectional, comparative, quantitative study conducted with students in their last year of undergraduate nursing in a private institution in the south of Minas Gerais. The Instrument for the Assessment of Stress in Nursing Students (ASNS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the WHOQOL-Bref quality of life questionnaire and the sociodemographic characterization questionnaire were applied for data collection; association, comparison and correlation coefficient tests and descriptive statistics were performed for data analysis. Results: The sample consisted of 55 participants. There was a strong correlation between Time Management of stress with sleep and the physical, psychological and environmental domains of quality of life, in addition to the significant association for insomnia and some sociodemographic variables. Conclusion: Stress factors were associated with poor quality sleep and changes in quality of life. Time Management was the factor with the greatest potential for stress. The ninth semester had greater exposure to stressors, worse quality of sleep and life.
Application of the rebound test for the technological control of concrete hollow-core slabs
Authors: Haach Vladimir Guilherme , Paiva Mariana Acioli do Carmo
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT: Hollow-core slabs are precast elements produced with very dry concrete, which hinders the molding of cube or cylindrical specimens normally used for the technological control of the material. This paper addresses the use of the rebound test for the technological control of concrete applied to hollow-core slabs. An experimental program divided into two phases was developed. In the first phase, three concrete mixtures were produced and compressive and rebound tests were performed in cylindrical and prismatic specimens for 6 hours to 28 days for the obtaining of a correlation curve. In the second phase, a hollow-core slab was built with one of the concrete mixtures used and the same tests were applied. The results showed the rebound number correlates well with the compressive strength, which confirms the possible application of the test for the technological control of the concrete used in the construction of hollow-core slabs.
Effects of alkali-silica reaction on mechanical behavior of four-pile caps
Authors: Gameleira Christiane Mylena Tavares de Menezes , Nunes Valmiro Quéfren Gameleira , Régis Paulo de Araújo , Ribeiro Paulo Marcelo Vieira , Carneiro Arnaldo Manoel Pereira , Oliveira Romilde Almeida de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT: The structural behavior resulting from alkali-aggregate reactions on four-pile caps was numerically studied using software based on the Finite Element Method. The cracking was analyzed in terms of reduction rates in the mechanical properties of the concrete (compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity) as a consequence of the expansion induced by the alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR) referred to in the literature. One option for dealing with changes in mechanical properties, reported as influenced by the reactive aggregate type, environmental conditions and stress state, is to directly use the value of the properties of the material tested in the analysis, an approach adopted in the study and implemented in the analysis. From the results found in the analysis program the three main effects of AAR could be better understood: expansion, cracking and degradation of mechanical properties of concrete.
Probabilistic corrosion time initiation modelling in reinforced concrete structures using the BEM
Authors: Pellizzer Giovanni Pais , Leonel Edson Denner
Published: August 2020

Abstract The reinforcement’s depassivation in reinforced concrete structures occurs when the chloride concentration at the reinforcement’s interface reaches the threshold content. The depassivation phenomenon starts the propagation period, in which huge mechanical degradation processes are triggered. Moreover, it is well established that the propagation period is considerably shorter than the initiation period. Therefore, the accurate prediction of the corrosion time initiation is a major issue in structural durability domain. This study presents a transient formulation based on the Boundary Element Method (BEM) for the corrosion time initiation assessment. The diffusion fields evaluated by the BEM are utilized into a probabilistic framework, which enables the assessment of probabilistic values for corrosion time initiation. Therefore, the formulation handles properly the uncertainties in this problem, which is largely subjected to randomness. Three applications are presented. The robustness and accuracy of the proposed approach over classical analytical models are highlighted.
Electrical resistivity and elastic wave velocity of sand–cement–inorganic binder mixture
Authors: Rusati Pacifique Kiza , Song Ki-Il , Yoon Yeo-Won , Hwang Woonsik , Liu Lang
Published: August 2020

Cement-based grout has been used for ground improvement. Owing to environmental issues related to cement, its usage should be reduced. In this study, an inorganic binder is introduced to reduce the use of cement in grout. To evaluate the transient electrical and mechanical properties of the sand–cement admixture samples improved with the addition of inorganic binders, two non-destructive testing methods, the electrical resistivity and free–free resonant column tests, were adopted in addition to the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test. Experimental tests were performed considering four different mixing ratios and three different cement contents, depending on the curing time. The results show that the mixing ratio and curing time have considerable effects on the electrical and mechanical properties of the mixture. The UCS decreases as the cement content decreases. However, sufficient UCS is expected to be obtained when the inorganic binder content is increased in the mixture. From the results, it is found that geotechnical properties of the mixture can be estimated in the field with proper non-destructive testing methods. It is expected that the data and trends proposed in this study can be used as a reference in predicting grouting quality in the field.
Early Detection of CKD: Implications for Low-Income, Middle-Income, and High-Income Countries
Authors: Tonelli Marcello , Dickinson James A.
Published: August 2020

CKD is common, costly, and associated with adverse health outcomes. Because inexpensive treatments can slow the rate of kidney function loss, and because CKD is asymptomatic until its later stages, the idea of early detection of CKD to improve outcomes ignites enthusiasm, especially in low- and middle-income countries where renal replacement is often unavailable or unaffordable. Available data and prior experience suggest that the benefits of population-based screening for CKD are uncertain; that there is potential for harms; that screening is not a wise use of resources, even in high-income countries; and that screening has substantial opportunity costs in low- and middle-income countries that offset its hypothesized benefits. In contrast, some of the factors that diminish the value of population-based screening (such as markedly higher prevalence of CKD in people with diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, as well as high preexisting use of kidney testing in such patients) substantially increase the appeal of searching for CKD in people with known kidney risk factors (case finding) in high-income countries as well as in low- and middle-income countries. For both screening and case finding, detection of new cases is the easiest component; the real challenge is ensuring appropriate management for a chronic disease, usually for years or even decades. This review compares and contrasts the benefits, harms, and opportunity costs associated with these two approaches to early detection of CKD. We also suggest criteria (discussed separately for high-income countries and for low- and middle-income countries) to use in assessing when countries should consider case finding versus when they should consider foregoing systematic attempts at early detection and focus on management of known cases.
Obtaining hollow semi-finished products from copper alloys for electrical applications by screw rolling method
Authors: Gamin Yu. V. , Romantsev B. A. , Pashkov A. N. , Patrin P. V. , Bystrov I. A. , Fomin A. V. , Kadach M. V.
Published: August 2020

The article proposes a process for obtaining semi-finished products in the form of pipes made of copper alloys for electrical applications using the screw rolling method. The paper presents the results of experimental piercing and rolling of pipe samples made of Cu–0.75Cr copper alloy billets with a diameter of 45 mm. The 43.5×10.0 mm samples obtained after piercing using a two-roll screw rolling mill had exact geometrical dimensions: outer diameter deviation at the front end was up to 1 %, at the back end – up to 2.4 %; relative variation in wall thickness at the front end was 0.3÷0.5 %, at the rear end – 0.5÷1.0 %. Then pierced pipe samples were rolled using a three-roll radial-shear rolling (RSR) mini mill with a different total degree of reduction – samples were obtained with an outer diameter of 30, 25 and 18 mm. The reduction process was analyzed from the point of view of internal hole stability and deformation. In case of 30 % relative reduction of the outer diameter, rolling without a mandrel is accompanied by wall thickening. In this case, inner diameter deviations are within acceptable limits. The experiments on obtaining samples from the Cu–0.75Cr alloy by screw piercing and reduction in the RSR mill show that this scheme can be implemented in principle in industry. At the same time it is necessary to define more exactly deformation parameters (degree of deformation, choice of reduction scheme) to obtain a quality product. Various options for heat treatment (HT) of the obtained pipe samples and the effect of the HT method on electrical conductivity and hardness are considered. Samples after piercing had a conductivity of 59.3 % IACS. The maximum electrical conductivity of 76.7 % IACS was obtained on samples after quenching from a temperature of 1020 °C and aging at 450 °C for 3 h. The results of the work show the fundamental possibility of obtaining semi-finished products from copper alloys for electrical purposes using the screw rolling method.
Thermodynamic analysis of zinc sulfide dissolution stoichiometry in sulfuric acid solution with oxygen
Authors: Solovyeva G. V. , Kolmachikhina E. B. , Mamyachenkov S. V.
Published: August 2020

A thermodynamic study of zinc sulfide high temperature oxidation leaching was conducted. Several processes can run simultaneously while metal sulfides are dissolved by oxidants in acidic solutions. Thermodynamic calculations were made using stoichiometric equations with equal oxidant consumption in order to identify the proportion of potential reactions. Moreover, stoichiometric coefficients were chosen in such a way as to reagents could exchange 1 mole of electric charge. This approach ensures a comparison of different oxidants in terms of their effectiveness in sulfides leaching. Thermodynamic analysis results obtained agree with experimental data confirming that oxidizing reactions with the formation of sulfur and sulfate ions prevail in zinc sulfide dissolution in sulfuric acid solutions under the oxygen effect. The effect of oxygen consumption and initial sulfuric acid concentration on the proportion of these reactions and equilibrium concentration of zinc cations in the solution was studied. Thermodynamic analysis showed that if the acid concentration is insufficient and limits the maximum progress of zinc sulfide oxidation with sulfur formation, oxygen is also consumed for the oxidation reaction with the formation of sulfate ions spending oxygen less effective due to 4 times less zinc cations passing to the solution. Thermodynamic calculations made it possible to find out the optimal proportions of oxygen consumption and initial sulfuric acid concentration to achieve the maximum zinc equilibrium concentration in the solution with more effective oxidant consumption without any labor-intensive experiments. The equilibrium concentration of zinc cations in the solution is in direct proportion to the initial acid concentration, and zinc cation formation is in direct proportion to oxygen consumption at the optimal acid concentration.