bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CD8+ Lymphocytes from Healthy Blood Donors Secrete Antiviral Levels of Interferon-Alpha
Authors: Teque Fernando , Wegehaupt Abby , Roufs Ellen , Killian M. Scott
Published: March 2023

The adaptive immune response to viral infections features the antigen-driven expansion of CD8+ T cells. These cells are widely recognized for their cytolytic activity that is mediated through the secretion of cytokines such as perforin and granzymes. Less appreciated is their ability to secrete soluble factors that restrict virus replication without killing the infected cells. In this study we measured the ability of primary anti-CD3/28-stimulated CD8+ T cells from healthy blood donors to secrete interferon-alpha. Supernatants collected from CD8+ T cell cultures were screened for their ability to suppress HIV-1 replication in vitro and their interferon-alpha concentrations were measured by ELISA. Interferon-alpha concentrations in the CD8+ T cell culture supernatants ranged from undetectable to 28.6 pg/mL. The anti-HIV-1 activity of the cell culture supernatants was observed to be dependent on the presence of interferon-alpha. Appreciable increases in the expression levels of type 1 interferon transcripts were observed following T cell receptor stimulation, suggesting that the secretion of interferon-alpha by CD8+ T cells is an antigen-driven response. In 42-plex cytokine assays, the cultures containing interferon-alpha were also found to contain elevated levels of GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-13, and TNF-alpha. Together, these results demonstrate that the secretion of anti-viral levels of interferon-alpha is a common function of CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, this CD8+ T cell function likely plays broader roles in health and disease.
Targeting the HIV-1 and HBV Capsids, an EnCore
Authors: McFadden William M. , Sarafianos Stefan G.
Published: March 2023

Not many structures are common among all viruses: only nucleic acid and a protein coat [...]
Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Antigens in the Nasal Mucosa of Eight Patients with Inflammatory Rhinopathy for over 80 Days following Mild COVID-19 Diagnosis
Authors: Costa dos Santos Juliana , Ximenes Rabelo Marjory , Mattana Sebben Luana , de Souza Carneiro Matheus Vinicius , Bosco Lopes Botelho João , Cardoso Neto José , Nogueira Barbosa Anderson , Monteiro de Carvalho Diego , Pontes Gemilson Soares
Published: March 2023

The nasal mucosa is the main gateway for entry, replication and elimination of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the pathogen that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (COVID-19). The presence of the virus in the epithelium causes damage to the nasal mucosa and compromises mucociliary clearance. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens in the nasal mucociliary mucosa of patients with a history of mild COVID-19 and persistent inflammatory rhinopathy. We evaluated eight adults without previous nasal diseases and with a history of COVID-19 and persistent olfactory dysfunction for more than 80 days after diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Samples of the nasal mucosa were collected via brushing of the middle nasal concha. The detection of viral antigens was performed using immunofluorescence through confocal microscopy. Viral antigens were detected in the nasal mucosa of all patients. Persistent anosmia was observed in four patients. Our findings suggest that persistent SARS-CoV-2 antigens in the nasal mucosa of mild COVID-19 patients may lead to inflammatory rhinopathy and prolonged or relapsing anosmia. This study sheds light on the potential mechanisms underlying persistent symptoms of COVID-19 and highlights the importance of monitoring patients with persistent anosmia and nasal-related symptoms.
HLA Variation and SARS-CoV-2 Specific Antibody Response
Authors: Wolday Dawit , Fung Chun Yiu Jordan , Morgan Gregory , Casalino Selina , Frangione Erika , Taher Jennifer , Lerner-Ellis Jordan P.
Published: March 2023

Differences in SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses have been observed between individuals following natural infection or vaccination. In addition to already known factors, such as age, sex, COVID-19 severity, comorbidity, vaccination status, hybrid immunity, and duration of infection, inter-individual variations in SARS-CoV-2 immune responses may, in part, be explained by structural differences brought about by genetic variation in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules responsible for the presentation of SARS-CoV-2 antigens to T effector cells. While dendritic cells present peptides with HLA class I molecules to CD8+ T cells to induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses (CTLs), they present peptides with HLA class II molecules to T follicular helper cells to induce B cell differentiation followed by memory B cell and plasma cell maturation. Plasma cells then produce SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Here, we review published data linking HLA genetic variation or polymorphisms with differences in SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses. While there is evidence that heterogeneity in antibody response might be related to HLA variation, there are conflicting findings due in part to differences in study designs. We provide insight into why more research is needed in this area. Elucidating the genetic basis of variability in the SARS-CoV-2 immune response will help to optimize diagnostic tools and lead to the development of new vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious diseases.
Immunotherapy of Equine Sarcoids—From Early Approaches to Innovative Vaccines
Authors: Jindra Christoph , Hainisch Edmund K. , Brandt Sabine
Published: March 2023

Horses and other equid species are frequently affected by bovine papillomavirus type 1 and/or 2 (BPV1, BPV2)-induced skin tumors termed sarcoids. Although sarcoids do not metastasize, they constitute a serious health problem due to their BPV1/2-mediated resistance to treatment and propensity to recrudesce in a more severe, multiple form following accidental or iatrogenic trauma. This review provides an overview on BPV1/2 infection and associated immune escape in the equid host and presents early and recent immunotherapeutic approaches in sarcoid management.
Potent NTD-Targeting Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Selected from a Synthetic Immune System
Authors: Li Wenping , Wang Fulian , Li Yu , Yan Lei , Liu Lili , Zhu Wei , Ma Peixiang , Shi Xiaojie , Yang Guang
Published: March 2023

The majority of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 recognize the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein. As an escaping strategy, the RBD of the virus is highly variable, evolving mutations to thwart a natural immune response or vaccination. Targeting non-RBD regions of the S protein thus provides a viable alternative to generating potential, robust NAbs. Using a pre-pandemic combinatorial antibody library of 1011, through an alternate negative and positive screening strategy, 11 non-RBD-targeting antibodies are identified. Amongst one NAb that binds specifically to the N-terminal domain of the S protein, SA3, shows mutually non-exclusive binding of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor with the S protein. SA3 appears to be insensitive to the conformational change and to interact with both the “open” and “closed” configurations of the trimeric S protein. SA3 shows compatible neutralization as S-E6, an RBD-targeting NAb, against the wild type and variant of concern (VOC) B.1.351 (Beta) of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudo virus. More importantly, the combination of SA3 with S-E6 is synergistic and recovers from the 10-fold loss in neutralization efficacy against the VOC B.1.351 pseudo virus.
Prior COVID-19 Immunization Does Not Cause IgA- or IgG-Dependent Enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Yaugel-Novoa Melyssa , Noailly Blandine , Jospin Fabienne , Berger Anne-Emmanuelle , Waeckel Louis , Botelho-Nevers Elisabeth , Longet Stéphanie , Bourlet Thomas , Paul Stéphane
Published: March 2023

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) can increase the rates and severity of infection with various viruses, including coronaviruses, such as MERS. Some in vitro studies on COVID-19 have suggested that prior immunization enhances SARS-CoV-2 infection, but preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the contrary. We studied a cohort of COVID-19 patients and a cohort of vaccinated individuals with a heterologous (Moderna/Pfizer) or homologous (Pfizer/Pfizer) vaccination scheme. The dependence on IgG or IgA of ADE of infection was evaluated on the serum samples from these subjects (twenty-six vaccinated individuals and twenty-one PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2-infected patients) using an in vitro model with CD16- or CD89-expressing cells and the Delta (B.1.617.2 lineage) and Omicron (B.1.1.529 lineage) variants of SARS-CoV-2. Sera from COVID-19 patients did not show ADE of infection with any of the tested viral variants. Some serum samples from vaccinated individuals displayed a mild IgA-ADE effect with Omicron after the second dose of the vaccine, but this effect was abolished after the completion of the full vaccination scheme. In this study, FcγRIIIa- and FcαRI-dependent ADE of SARS-CoV-2 infection after prior immunization, which might increase the risk of severe disease in a second natural infection, was not observed.
Surveillance of Influenza and Other Airborne Transmission Viruses during the 2021/2022 Season in Hospitalized Subjects in Tuscany, Italy
Authors: Milano Giovanna , Capitani Elena , Camarri Andrea , Bova Giovanni , Capecchi Pier Leopoldo , Lazzeri Giacomo , Lipari Dario , Montomoli Emanuele , Manini Ilaria
Published: March 2023

Winter in the northern hemisphere is characterized by the circulation of influenza viruses, which cause seasonal epidemics, generally from October to April. Each influenza season has its own pattern, which differs from one year to the next in terms of the first influenza case notification, the period of highest incidence, and the predominant influenza virus subtypes. After the total absence of influenza viruses in the 2020/2021 season, cases of influenza were again recorded in the 2021/2022 season, although they remained below the seasonal average. Moreover, the co-circulation of the influenza virus and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic virus was also reported. In the context of the DRIVE study, oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 129 Tuscan adults hospitalized for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) and analyzed by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 and 21 different airborne pathogens, including influenza viruses. In total, 55 subjects tested positive for COVID-19, 9 tested positive for influenza, and 3 tested positive for both SARS-CoV-2 and the A/H3N2 influenza virus. The co-circulation of different viruses in the population requires strengthened surveillance that is no longer restricted to the winter months. Indeed, constant, year-long monitoring of the trends of these viruses is needed, especially in at-risk groups and elderly people.
Codon Pair Deoptimization (CPD)-Attenuated PRRSV-1 Vaccination Exhibit Immunity to Virulent PRRSV Challenge in Pigs
Authors: Lee Min-A , You Su-Hwa , Jayaramaiah Usharani , Shin Eun-Gyeong , Song Seung-Min , Ju Lanjeong , Kang Seok-Jin , Cho Sun Hee , Hyun Bang-Hun , Lee Hyang-Sim
Published: March 2023

Commercially used porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (PRRS) modified live virus (MLV) vaccines provide limited protection with heterologous viruses, can revert back to a virulent form and they tend to recombine with circulating wild-type strains. Codon pair deoptimization (CPD) is an advanced method to attenuate a virus that overcomes the disadvantages of MLV vaccines and is effective in various virus vaccine models. The CPD vaccine against PRRSV-2 was successfully tested in our previous study. The co-existence of PRRSV-1 and -2 in the same herd demands protective immunity against both viruses. In this study, live attenuated PRRSV-1 was constructed by recoding 22 base pairs in the ORF7 gene of the E38 strain. The efficacy and safety of the CPD live attenuated vaccine E38-ORF7 CPD to protect against virulent PRRSV-1 were evaluated. Viral load, and respiratory and lung lesion scores were significantly reduced in animals vaccinated with E38-ORF7 CPD. Vaccinated animals were seropositive by 14 days post-vaccination with an increased level of interferon-γ secreting cells. In conclusion, the codon-pair-deoptimized vaccine was easily attenuated and displayed protective immunity against virulent heterologous PRRSV-1.
A COVID-19 DNA Vaccine Candidate Elicits Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Variants including the Currently Circulating Omicron BA.5, BF.7, BQ.1 and XBB
Authors: Ding Yuan , Fan Feng , Xu Xin , Zhao Gan , Zhang Xin , Zhao Huiyun , Wang Limei , Wang Bin , Gao Xiao-Ming
Published: March 2023

Waves of breakthrough infections by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants currently pose a global challenge to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We previously reported a pVAX1-based DNA vaccine candidate, pAD1002, that encodes a receptor-binding domain (RBD) chimera of SARS-CoV-1 and Omicron BA.1. In mouse and rabbit models, pAD1002 plasmid induced cross-neutralizing Abs against heterologous sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 wildtype, Delta and Omicron variants. However, these antisera failed to block the recent emerging Omicron subvariants BF.7 and BQ.1. To solve this problem, we replaced the BA.1 RBD-encoding DNA sequence in pAD1002 with that of BA.4/5. The resulting construct, namely pAD1016, elicited SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific IFN-γ+ cellular responses in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. More importantly, pAD1016 vaccination in mice, rabbits and pigs generated serum Abs capable of neutralizing pseudoviruses representing multiple SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants including BA.2, BA.4/5, BF.7, BQ.1 and XBB. As a booster vaccine for inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus preimmunization in mice, pAD1016 broadened the serum Ab neutralization spectrum to cover the Omicron BA.4/5, BF7 and BQ.1 subvariants. These preliminary data highlight the potential benefit of pAD1016 in eliciting neutralizing Abs against broad-spectrum Omicron subvariants in individuals previously vaccinated with inactivated prototype SARS-CoV-2 virus and suggests that pAD1016 is worthy of further translational study as a COVID-19 vaccine candidate.
RDE Calibration—Evaluating Fundamentals of Clustering Approaches to Support the Calibration Process
Authors: Krysmon Sascha , Claßen Johannes , Pischinger Stefan , Trendafilov Georgi , Düzgün Marc , Dorscheidt Frank
Published: March 2023

The topics of climate change and pollutant emission reduction are dominating societal discussions in many areas. In automotive development, with the introduction of real driving emissions (RDE) testing and the upcoming EU7 legislation, there are endless boundary conditions and potential scenarios that need to be evaluated. In terms of vehicle calibration, this is leading to a strong focus on alternative approaches such as virtual calibration. Due to the flexibility of virtual test environments and the variety of RDE scenarios, the amount of data collected is rapidly increasing. Supporting the calibration engineers in using the available data and identifying relevant information and test scenarios requires efficient approaches to data analysis. This paper therefore discusses the potential of data clustering to support this process. Using a previously developed approach for event detection in emission calibration, a methodology for the automatic categorization of events is presented. Approaches to clustering algorithms (hierarchical, partitioning, and density-based) are discussed and applied to data of interest. Their suitability for different signals is investigated exemplarily, and the relevant inputs are analyzed for their usability in calibration procedures. It is shown which clustering approaches have the potential to be implemented in the vehicle calibration process to provide added value to data evaluation by calibration engineers.
Retrobulbar Filling for Enophthalmos Treatment in Dogs: Technique, Description and Computed-Tomographic Evaluation. Preliminary Cadaveric Study
Authors: Costanza Dario , Meomartino Leonardo , Lamagna Barbara , Castiello Erica , Coluccia Pierpaolo , Piegari Giuseppe , D’Aquino Ilaria , Lamagna Francesco , Greco Adelaide
Published: March 2023

A new therapeutic approach for enophthalmos may be retrobulbar lipofilling. This study aims to standardize the intraconal filling technique and to evaluate the degree of eyeball displacement by computed tomography (CT). Skull CT was performed on six dog cadavers before and after intraconal injection of two 5% iodinated, viscoelastic solutions, one per eye, using an ultrasound-guided supratemporal approach. The volume to be injected was calculated using formulas for retrobulbar cone anesthesia. After CT, the dogs underwent necropsy and histopathology to evaluate damages that eventually occurred to retrobulbar structures. Eyeball displacement was estimated using two CT-based methods, named M1 and M2. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no significant difference between the two injected materials in both M1 (p > 0.99), and M2 (lateral p = 0.84 and rostral p = 0.84 displacement). A statistically significant difference was found between the pre- and post-injection group M1 (p = 0.002), M2 (p = 0.004) for the lateral and (p = 0.003) for rostral displacement. Although the slight eyeball displacement, the retrobulbar filling can lead to enophthalmos resolution. Compared to M1, the M2 method has better-defined anatomical landmarks. Further, preclinical in vivo studies are necessary to assess retrobulbar filling efficacy and safety.
Review of Barriers to Effective Implementation of Waste and Energy Management Policies in Ghana: Implications for the Promotion of Waste-to-Energy Technologies
Authors: Williams Portia Adade , Narra Satyanarayana , Antwi Edward , Quaye Wilhemina , Hagan Elizabeth , Asare Roland , Owusu-Arthur Johnny , Ekanthalu Vicky Shettigondahalli
Published: March 2023

Issues of rising waste generation are calling for proper management and the sustainable control of waste. This study examines waste- and energy-relevant policies and strategies in Ghana and the stakeholders’ perceptions on such policies and strategies. It explores the gaps and challenges in national policy documents to guide the implementation of waste-to-energy projects in Ghana. The approach adopted includes a comprehensive review of relevant policy documents and key informant interviews with selected key stakeholders. Factors such as limited funding, inadequate logistics, expertise and infrastructure, growing population and negative attitudes of general public towards the environment, amongst others, are the concerns identified. Findings from the policy review revealed that capacity to harness energy from waste could be improved through appropriate technologies suitable for Ghana. Adequate institutional framework, stakeholders and mechanisms to explore opportunities to coordinate implementation of various policy strategies and interventions have been established. Streamlining strategies to constitute components to improve governance on waste management, improving financing to ensure sustainable investment in waste-to-energy projects, improving research on waste-to-energy technologies as well as enhancing public interest and education on proper waste management could enhance the implementation of national waste and energy policies for feasible up-scaling of waste-to-energy technologies in Ghana.
College Students’ Reflections on Their Experience Facilitating a Photovoice Research Project with BIPOC Older Adults and Frontline Healthcare Workers
Authors: Ekwonye Angela U. , Chonyi Tenzin , Farah Iqra , Nguyen Stephanie , Malek Abigail , Hearst Mary
Published: March 2023

The photovoice literature has focused mainly on research collaborations between researchers in academia and community partners. There is limited evidence of undergraduate students facilitating photovoice research projects with underserved Black, Indigenous, and persons of color (BIPOC). Students’ participation in photovoice research increases their understanding of local issues and can empower them to engage with local communities to create change. This qualitative study explored students’ experiences facilitating photovoice research with BIPOC older adults and frontline healthcare workers. In this study, we trained college students in photovoice methodological skills by introducing photovoice as a participatory qualitative methodology, explained ethics issues and the informed consent process, and clarified the steps and requirements for the photovoice project. Students were paired with BIPOC older adults and frontline healthcare workers. They facilitated the photovoice research project in four stages. Throughout the study, students critically reflected and wrote about the various aspects of their experience facilitating the photovoice research activities based on weekly structured reflection questions. In their weekly journal, student facilitators commented on how both older and younger BIPOC participants were friendly and kind, flexible with the research activity scheduling, inspiring with their stories, and selfless. Students’ reflections indicated that their participants experienced greater emotional and psychological burdens during the COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbated by the long-standing epidemic of systemic racism. Student facilitators overwhelmingly recognized participants’ resilience and perseverance despite these life challenges. Our findings highlight the importance of photovoice in developing and strengthening college students’ qualitative research skills and stimulating critical thinking and creativity, a sense of critical consciousness about social issues and society, and a sense of empowerment. Our results will be relevant to hospital/long-term care managers, policymakers, and researchers.
The management of complex fistula in ano by transanal opening of the intersphincteric space (TROPIS): short-term results
Authors: Mishra Shrivats , Thakur Dileep S. , Somashekar Uday , Verma Amrendra , Sharma Dhananjay
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Many methods have been used to treat complex fistulas, but no single technique has been considered standard. Damage to the sphincter may sometimes be unavoidable, and incontinence may be an important cause of morbidity. This study aimed to validate the results of transanal opening of the intersphincteric space (TROPIS), as a technique that avoids damaging the anal sphincter, in patients with complex fistula in ano.Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 35 consecutive patients with complex fistula in ano. After a preoperative magnetic resonance fistulogram, TROPIS was performed in all patients. The St. Mark’s incontinence score was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 months.Results: The tracts were intersphincteric in 16 patients, transsphincteric in 10, extrasphincteric in 2, and horseshoe in 3. Four patients had recurrent tracts (3 transsphincteric and 1 intersphincteric). A defined follow-up schedule was used. Curettage was done if postoperative pus drainage from the wound was noted. The fistula healed in 29 patients (82.89%) following TROPIS. The remaining 6 patients received curettage, with healing in 3 (overall healing rate, 91.4%). Patients who received curettage were followed for 3 months, and the outcome was labeled as healed or failed. The mean preoperative incontinence score was 0. One patient developed incontinence to gas postoperatively in week 2, but there was no significant change in the scores at 3 months postoperatively. The mean postoperative incontinence score was 0.02.Conclusion: TROPIS is an effective method for the treatment of complex fistula in ano, with minimal risk for incontinence.
Behavioural Response Detection in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) With Different Formalin Concentrations Using Tracker Software-Based Computer Vision Techniques
Authors:   Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, TAPARHUDEE WARA , JONGJARAUNSUK ROONGPARIT
Published: March 2023

Changes in fish behaviour caused by stress are difficult to measure. In this study, tracker software-based computer vision techniques were applied, with formalin used as a stressor. At different formalin concentrations, stress responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), were examined for fish swimming velocity (FSV) and behaviour. Seven treatments included 1 (control) without formalin, with treatments 2–7 consisting of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mg.L-1formalin concentration, respectively. Three (25 × 51 × 31 cm, width × length × height) glass tanks were 80 % filled with water for each trial. Each tank contained three fish with weights of 0.5–1.0 g, and the FSV of each fish was recorded for 120 min after exposure to formalin. Average FSV statistically differed (P < 0.05) at different formalin concentrations. Treatment 1 (control) gave the highest FSV at 0.038 ± 0.005 m.S-1 followed by treatments 2 (100 mg.L-1) and 3 (200 mg.L-1) at 0.020 ± 0.013 and 0.018 ± 0.020 m.S-1, respectively. Treatments 4 (300 mg.L-1), 5 (400 mg.L-1), 6 (500 mg.L-1) and 7 (600 mg.L-1) recorded 0.007 ± 0.010, 0.006 ± 0.090, 0.004 ± 0.008 and 0.003 ± 0.007 m.S-1, respectively. Differences in FSV at each concentration interval were applied to indicate the behavioural expression of fish response to stress in phase III (tertiary responses). Results indicated that computer vision techniques were suitable for studying Nile tilapia behaviour, with possible applications in other aquatic animals. Highlights of this technique included continuous real-time results to monitor fish stress using a non-invasive method.
MEDIA, SOCIAL NETWORKS AND DIGITALIZATION AS MEANS FOR NATIVE AMERICAN IDENTITY PROMOTION
Authors: SHOSTAK Oksana
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the ways of actualizing one of the most powerful concepts of the modern world - that of ethnicity, which stands out as a constituent of the basic Native American identity concept originated at the end of XX - beginning of the XXI century. Actuality of the research is conditioned by importance of a more profound study of the concept that went through the objective stages of conceptualization and got fixed in the Indigenous Studies. Identity is manifested as a subjective feeling of belonging to a particular social group and at the same time is a source of inspiration and continuity of each individual. The existence of the very phenomenon of identity is determined by the social context and the inviolability of social ties in society. The study of the North American identity has been and remains to this day a problem with inexhaustible potential for researchers. Identity becomes a form of discourse, causing self-discovery, self-interpretation, and the opportunity to transform into the “other” in one's own country. Native American identity can be presented as a theory of social proximity and distance or as an interpretive scheme of gradual and direct discovery of oneself and the surrounding social reality through media and social network communication. Anyhow interpretation of indigenous identity must be largely determined by a set of political, philosophical, historical, cultural, religious, ethnic concepts that dominate in a given circumstance, determining the originality of indigenous identity in these circumstances. Today makes us witness a progressive development of American Indian identity in both cultural and civilizational and psychological dimensions through media, social networks and digitalization.
Local Community Adaptation to Flood Disaster In Soppeng District
Authors: Rusdi Rusdi , Titus Adeyemi Alonge , Padli Feri
Published: March 2023

Every year floods occur in Soppeng regency. The high rainfall and land conversion become the main cause of the flood. It affects the society both in their life and their welfare. The community has carried out various responses and adaptation strategies to deal with the risk of future floods. Thus, this study aims to determine the local adaptation strategy of the community in dealing with flood disasters in Soppeng Regency. The method in this study was carried out using in-depth interviews and observations in flooded areas. The community participation comes from socially inductive research that produces descriptive results. The result of this research shows that the lack of coordination between the community, government, and private parties (NGOs) leads to higher vulnerability. In addition, the adaptation model carried out by the community begins at the household level, especially the house-building model in the form of a stilt house. It consists of two parts namely, the lower and the upper. The lower part is usually used to deviate goods, agricultural materials, and vehicles, while the upper part is used as a place to rest and carry out daily routines such as cooking, chatting with neighbors, receiving guests, and so on. The act of adaptation in groups is by raising the position of the house to the second floor, building a small embankment, and moving household appliances to a higher place.
Szisztematikus irodalmi áttekintés a személygépjárművekbe épülő elektromos hajtáslánc gyártásáról a fenntarthatóság szempontjából
Authors: Tóth Árpád , Bege András
Published: March 2023

Az autóiparban az elmúlt években az innováció magas szintje az elektromos (valamint az alternatív) meghajtású járművek kifejlesztését és széles körű gyártását eredményezte, amely egyelőre nem tekinthető befejezett folyamatnak az akkumulátor gyártásával fellépő károsanyag kibocsátása miatt. A tanulmány a jelenlegi elektromos hajtásláncokra és a lehetséges jövőbeli alternatívákra helyezi a hangsúlyt azok fenntarthatóságának vizsgálatát megcélozva. A témával kapcsolatos eddigi releváns (a mainstream által elismert) kutatási eredmények megértéséhez szisztematikus irodalmi áttekintést kell végezni, amelyet a PRISMA-módszer könnyít meg, és amelynek középpontjában a jármű akkumulátorok fenntarthatósága áll. A tanulmány tartalmazza a jelenleg gyártásban lévő és a jövőben kilátásban lévő akkumulátorok elemzését rendszertechnikai szempontból. Emellett a technológia gazdasági és műszaki szempontú elemzése elősegíti a fenntarthatóságot a gyártási kapacitás és a költségek figyelembe vétele mellett.
Proměny skel od 11. do konce 13. století v Čechách
Authors: Černá Eva , Tomková Kateřina , Hulínský Václav
Published: March 2023

Výzkumy posledních let prokázaly chemickou různorodost skel raného středověku v porovnání s uniformitou artefaktů následujícího vrcholného středověku. Předkládaný příspěvek, obsahující nástin vývoje sklářství v Čechách na pomezí obou období, se věnuje proměnám skel i sklářských technologií mezi 11. a 13. stoletím ve srovnání se sklářskou praxí 10. století. Prezentuje archeologické výsledky dlouhodobého a systematického studia, zahrnujícího též poznatky archeometrické (v současné době především nedestruktivní EPMA – SEM-EDS). Ty umožnily definovat odlišné chemické typy, které současně vypovídají o rozdílných technologiích i provenienci, ať už surového skla, či samotných artefaktů.
The family of a drug addict in the dimensions of active therapy of special conditions
Authors: Pakin Yurii
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the publication is to provide psychological assistance to families affected by the problem of drug addiction, to understand the situation and make the right decision about how to get out of it. For this aim, the principle of Active Therapy of Original Statuses (ATOS) was formulated. The term “Original Statuses” is used to define the following situations: 1) a sick young person, being under the influence of the factors of the disease in a state of psychological disorientation, does not recognize the problem and does not want to be treated or, recognizing the problem, stops fighting it; in this case, there are behavioral (psychological, emotional) dysfunctions, in which the patient refuses to change his behavior style and undergo treatment, despite the obvious harmfulness of the situation for his own health; 2) in the absence of the patient’s willingness to change his life situation, the most important factor for starting treatment is the persistent position of his close people (family members, friends, comrades), their active cooperation with doctors and psychologists to influence the patient in order for him to recognize a personal problem, make a decision about undergoing full-fledged complex treatment, that takes into account the systemic nature of the disease; 3) the recovery process depends not only on the patient’s readiness for treatment and medical measures, but also on the correct behavior and actions of others; therefore, the treatment process should include family and social psychotherapy and rational organizational measures; the key mechanism for solving the problem here is the active cooperation of doctors, psychologists and close people of the patient in the implementation of treatment tactics. It is natural that “active therapy” is defined as proactive cooperation of doctors, psychologists and close people of the patient to influence him in order to recognize his own problem, to make a decision about the necessity of full treatment. It is “Active Therapy” for the above-mentioned “Original Statuses” in order to divert a young person from drug use and critical development of events for his health and social well-being in a timely manner.
SENSOR PLATFORM OF INDUSTRIAL TOMOGRAPHY FOR DIAGNOSTICS AND CONTROL OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Authors: Król Krzysztof , Rymarczyk Tomasz , Niderla Konrad , Kozłowski Edward
Published: March 2023

This article presents an industrial tomography platform used to diagnose and control technological processes. The system has been prepared so that it is possible to add individual sensors cooperating with the system of an intelligent cyber-physical platform with an open architecture. Additionally, it is possible to configure and cooperate with external systems freely. As part of the experimental work, a platform has been developed that allows individual subsystems and external customer systems to work together. The cyber-physical system, a new generation of digital systems, focuses mainly on the complex interplay and integration between cyberspace and the physical world. A cyber-physical system consists of highly integrated computational, communication, control and physical elements. The solution focuses mainly on the complex interplay and integration between cyberspace and the physical world.
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED ECG ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR THE DETECTION OF CARDIAC ABNORMALITIES
Authors: Benba Achraf , Zahra El Attaoui Fatima , Sandabad Sara
Published: March 2023

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a common test that measures the electrical activity of the heart. On the ECG, several cardiac abnormalities can be seen, including arrhythmias, which are one of the major causes of cardiac mortality worldwide. The objective for the research community is accurate and automated cardiovascular analysis, especially given the maturity of artificial intelligence technology and its contribution to the health area. The goal of this effort is to create an acquisition system and use artificial intelligence to classify ECG readings. This system is designed in two parts: the first is the signal acquisition using the ECG Module AD8232; the obtained signal is a single derivation that has been amplified and filtered. The second section is the classification for heart illness identification; the suggested model is a deep convolutional neural network with 12 layers that was able to categorize five types of heartbeats from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The results were encouraging, and the embedded system was built.
SELF-OSCILLATING PARAMETRIC HUMIDITY SENSOR WITH FREQUENCY OUTPUT SIGNAL
Authors: Osadchuk Iaroslav , Osadchuk Alexander , Osadchuk Vladimir , Krylik Lyudmila
Published: March 2023

A self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor has been developed that implements the principle of "humidity-frequency" conversion into hybrid integrated circuit based on a microelectronic transistor structure with a negative differential resistance, in which the humidity-sensitive element is a resistor of the HR202 type. For the purposes of determining parameters self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor with frequency output a mathematical model has been developed that takes into account the effect of humidity on a sensitive resistive element, which is an integral element of the device. Based on the mathematical model, analytical expressions for the transformation function and the sensitivity equation are obtained. It is shown that the main contribution to the conversion function is made by relative humidity. The computer simulation and experimental studies of a self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor with a frequency output signal contributed to obtaining the main parameters and characteristics, such as the dependence of the generation frequency on changes in relative humidity in the range from 30% to 99%, the change in sensitivity on relative humidity, the dependence of the active and reactive components of the impedance in the frequency range from 50 kHz to 2 GHz; standing wave ratio, change in logarithmic magnitude and spectra of the output signal of a parametric humidity sensor with a frequency output signal in the LTE-800 Downlink frequency range. The obtained electrical characteristics confirm the operability of the developed device. The sensitivity of the developed self-oscillating parametric humidity sensor in the range of relative humidity change from 30% to 99% has a value from 332.8 kHz/% to 130.2 kHz/%.
Strategie per la conservazione integrata di un patrimonio a rischio, tra fruizione e tutela: il sito UNESCO della Costiera Amalfitana
Authors: Pugliano Giuseppina
Published: March 2023

The debate that leads to the ratification of the Convention on the Protection of the Natural and Cultural World Herit- age, adopted by the General Conference of the Member States of UNESCO in 1972, with the establishment of a special list of assets, which is recognized as having an exceptional universal value, was born in that particular historical moment in which the first problems of an environmental nature and ecological urgency begin to arise for the fate of our planet's natural resources, which thus go alongside the much more consolidated debate on the survival of cultural heritage. Twenty years later, the international organization, with the revision of the operational guidelines of the Convention, will expand the previous categories of assets to be protected, so as to include, the new typology of 'cultural landscapes'. In this category the 'Amalfi Coast' has been registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List (WHL) since 1997, due to both its relevant natural and anthropic characteristics. Nevertheless, this contribution analyzes the considerable transformations of the area, mainly from the second half of the twentieth century to today, identifying possible integrated conservation strategies for the future.
Tuweb (Web-Based Tutorial) with Scrapbooks and Videos to Improve Students' Learning Outcomes
Authors: Prastiti Tri Dyah , Mairing Jackson Pasini , Dwikoranto Dwikoranto
Published: March 2023

Online learning has its perks and challenges to student learning outcomes. This study aims to develop educational products that meet the validity, effectiveness, and practicality criteria in the form of scrapbooks and videos on Tu web (Web-based Tutorial) for the Statistics Education course to tackle these negative impacts. In this developmental research, field tests were conducted on 83 Open University students from three different study groups in East Java. The development stages started from planning, exploratory studies, initial product development, expert validation, and initial field tests had been carried out in the previous year. The instruments used in this research are Tutorial Activity Design, Tutorial Activity Unit, scrapbook, video, student response questionnaire, and final test. The results showed that students responded positively to the use of these products in the Tuweb of Statistics Education courses. Since all students solved problems in the scrapbook, the product met the practicality criteria. Furthermore, the average student learning outcomes were 82.17 with a minimum of 70, better than students who did not participate in the study. Therefore, these products met the effectiveness criteria. As the research has demonstrated, the scrapbooks and videos developed can improve student learning outcomes in the Statistics Education course.
المسائل الصوتية في (كتاب الألفاظ) لابن السكيت (ت244هـ)
Authors: محمد رسل عباس
Published: March 2023

لم يكن ابن السكيت من علماء النحو وذلك  بشهادة من عاصره ومن أَرَخَّ له ومن نقل تلك الحادثة التي سُئلَ فيها عن وزن (نكتل) وفي ذلك دليل على ضعفه في النحو ولم يوفق أَن يحشر مع علماء النحو ، وذلك لا يمنع في كونه عالما من علماء اللغة ومن أعلم الناس باللغة والشعر.كان رحمه الله راوية ثقة ، ولم يكن بعد أبن الأعرابي  مثله [i]. إن شخصية ابن السكيت كانت مثار إعجاب العلماء و يدل على ذلك كلمات الثناء والمديح التي ذكرها فيه العلماء ومن ذلك ما جاء على لسان الشيخ النجاشي فيه قال : (وكان وجهاً في علم العربية واللغة ثقة ، مصدقاً لا يطغى عليه) وانه كان من خاصّة الإمامين الجواد والهادي (عليهما السلام) ، وأشار إلى رواياته عن الإمام الجواد عليه السلام . وقال الخطيب البغدادي في تاريخه : (كان من أهل الفضل والدين ، موثوقاً بروايته ، وكان يؤدّب ولد جعفر المتوكل  )[i] ينظر : معجم الأوباء : 6/2841
انعكاس المعتقدات الشعبية في ديوان الشريف الرضي
Authors: اسدی حدیث شیخ , سیاحی صادق , دادخواه حسن
Published: March 2023

هناك صلة وطيدة بين الأدب الشعبي بعناصره المتعددة وبين حياة الناس وثقافتهم الشعبيتين ولم تزل تكوّن المعتقدات الشعبية جزءًا من ثقافة الشعوب ولغاتهم وآدابهم  وإن لم تكن خالية عن الخرافات ولذلك يستفيد كبار الشعراء والكتّاب من عناصر الثقافة الشعبية بمختلف الأشكال لنقل أفكارهم. ونلاحظ أن انعكاس الثقافة الشعبية في أعمال الأدباء الذين يتمعتون بشعبية أكثر أقوى من سائر الشعراء. كذلك استخدم شعراء العصر العباسي وكتّابه معتقدات الناس العادية والشعبية كمادة لشعرهم ونثرهم ليضفوا طابعًا دينيًا وقوميًا على أعمالهم ويحصنوا ثقافة مجتمعهم وسننهم  من أذى النسيان وينقلوها إلى الأجيال القادمة. إن أشعار الشريف الرضي بصفتها أحد أبرز أعمال هذا العصر مملوءة بالآداب والسنن والمعتقدات الشعبية الخاصة بهذا العصر.
عناصر الإحالة والتقنيات المحيلة
Authors: البديري رياض , جعفر علي
Published: March 2023

كثير من الدراسات اللسانية وخاصة النصية لا تفرق بين الإحالة من حيث عناصرها وتقنياتها ،فقد يطلق مصطلح العناصر ويراد به التقانات أو العكس ، وهناك تداخل آخر يظهر في الخلط بين الإحالة والتقنات الإحالية والباحث سيوضح ذلك التداخل في ثنايا البحث.
الطبيعة في الشعر الأندلسي بين النزعة الذاتيّة والموضوعيّة
Authors: احمدي عبد الحمید , زاده فؤاد
Published: March 2023

الطبيعة من المضامين الرئيسة التي تجلّت بكلّ وضوح في معظم النتاجات الأدبية، وشكّلت البناء العام للأدب الإنساني من العصور القديمة إلى يومنا هذا؛ فهي محرّك مهمّ لخيال الأديب كي يستلهم منها وحي قلمه. والمتدبّر في الآثار الأدبية التي وصلتنا من الأندلس يجد أنّ شعراءها قد اتجهوا نحو الطبيعة ومظاهرها؛  فوصفوها وصفا دقيقا، وتغنّوا بجمالها وزوايا حسنها. فهذه الدراسة تسعى و بالاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي أن تستعرض إبداعات الأندلسيين في شعر الطبيعة، وما فيها من سمات خاصة ميّزتها عن نتاجات الشرقيين الأدبية. فشعرُ الطبيعةِ عند الأندلسيين يتراوح بين الموضوعيةِ والذاتية؛ فهم يقفون أحيانا من الطبيعة موقف المصوِّر الذي التقط صوراً من بُعدٍ، دون أن يدخلوا في صميمها ويطِلَّوا علينا مِن خلالها بروحهم وعواطفهم، وأحيانا يطلقون العنان لعواطفهم وخيالهم ويمزجون بين أحاسيسهم ومظاهر الطبيعة من حولهم، فيبثّون الحياة في الجماد ويتفاعلون معه.
Vitiligo and anti-tissue Transglutaminase of celiac disease in Al- Nasiriyah city, Iraq
Authors: Hasan Rhadi Sabah
Published: March 2023

Vitiligo is acquired pigmentation disorder characterized by sharply defined white spots of irregular shape and variable dimensions, increasing in volume and number over time. The causes of vitiligo are still unknown. But it involve some theories like autoimmunity, this study was aimed to detection the relationship between the vitiligo and celiac disease by investigating the presence of celiac tissue transglutaminase IgA(tTGA) autoantibody in patients of vitiligo by using ELISA technique  . The study was conducted on 100 patients with vitiligo and 100 healthy individual  as control , the mean age of vitiligo patient was 19.4 year and control was 26.3 year .The results of study were showed  , twenty six of cases have family history of vitiligo , 53 of cases have family history of other autoimmune disorders, as well as  4 of cases have positive family history of vitiligo with diabetes and thyroid disorders. Tissue transglutaminase IgA antibody test was showed ,12 out of 100 of vitiligo cases  were  registered Seropositivity result to tTGA antibody, while 4 out of 100 of control were Seropositive to this antibody ,other cases and control were negative for IgA antibody.
Analysis of Servant Leadership, Competence, to Understand Employee Service Performance
Authors: Karim Ahmad , Astuti Widji , Triatmanto Boge
Published: March 2023

This research aims to analyze and understand more about servant leadership and competency of employee service performance in the Government of Batu Bara Regency. The research location was conducted in the Government of Batu Bara Regency, North Sumatra Province. The population in this study was civil servants, and the number of samples in this study using the slovin formula was 140 people. Research results found from the respondents' responses, it can be found that servant leadership is formed by action, empathy, wisdom, finding solutions, growing, having a social spirit, having a vision, and serving. Competence is formed by motives, traits self-concept, knowledge, and skills. Motivation is formed by work performance, influence, control, dependence, development, and affiliation. Organizational commitment is formed by a belief in the organization, acceptance of organizational values and goals, involvement in the organization, desire to remain in the organization and totality in work. Physical capabilities shape service performance, reliability, responsiveness, ability to understand customers, courtesy, credibility, security, access, and communication.
Relationship between Sleep Quality and Low Inflammation in Medical Students of Universitas Nusa Cendana
Authors: Ethelbert Ryan Arnold , Setianingrum Elisabeth L.S , Lada Christina Olly , Folamauk Conrad Liab H.
Published: March 2023

Sleep is one of the basic human physiological needs that can restore the body to its physiological functions after daily activities. Lack of sleep quality can significantly impact the body, one of the effects of which is related to chronic low-level inflammation and changes in the competence of the immune system. This research aims to knowing the relationship between sleep quality levels and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio in medical students of Universitas Nusa Cendana. It is an observational analytical study using the cross-sectional method. The number of research samples was determined using a hypothesis test formula against relative risk, with a total sample of 54 people. The population of this study is the class of 2019, 2020, and 2021 using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique, which divides populations into sub-populations in a propositional and random manner. The relationship test used is the ETA test. Based on the results of relationship testing using the ETA test, sleep quality with Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio shows that sleep quality has no significant relationship with Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (p-value = 0,324); however, it has a significant relationship with the Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (p-value = 0,042). Sleep quality does not have a significant relationship with the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio but has a significant relationship with the Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio. 228 kata.