bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persepsi Mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi Terhadap Dampak Artificial Intelligence Pada Profesi Akuntan
Authors: Prasetio Tio
Published: May 2024

Abstrak - Society 5.0 membawa perubahan teknologi yang semakin canggih dan memberikan dampak terhadap semua bidang.  Fenomena terjadinya evolusi perangkat lunak akuntansi, teknologi informasi, dan kemajuan terbaru dalam Artificial Intelligence (AI) atau kecerdasan buatan telah memberikan akselerasi dalam hal otomatisasi dan kontrol. Sehingga munculnya rasa kekhawatiran akan tergantikannya peran Profesi Akuntan di perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa program studi akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Budi Luhur mengenai dampak artificial intelligence pada profesi akuntan. Metode penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif yang berfokus pada tiga aspek yaitu aspek pengetahuan, aspek awareness, dan aspek skill. Populasi dalam penelitian  ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Budi Luhur. Dengan sampel berjumlah 183 responden yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data dalam mengukur persepsi mahasiswa dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kategori interpretasi skor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk rata-rata persentase aspek pengetahuan masuk dalam kategori sedang yaitu sebesar 55,2%. Aspek awareness memiliki rata-rata persentase masuk dalam kategori rendah yaitu sebesar 48,5%. Dan untuk rata-rata persentase aspek skill masuk kategori rendah yaitu sebesar 46,2%. Persepsi mahasiswa memberikan tanggapan setuju bahwa pengetahuan mengenai ilmu akuntansi, ilmu audit, ilmu perkembangan teknologi serta sertifikasi kompetensi diperlukan sebagai bekal untuk bisa berkompetisi dengan kecanggihan AI, tetapi mahasiswa memiliki kesadaran yang rendah dengan hadirnya AI dan belum memiliki kesiapan secara hard skill dan soft skill untuk menghadapi kecanggihan kecerdasan buatan di dunia kerja. Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Artificial Intelligence, Profesi Akuntan, Mahasiswa.
The Nexus of Gender Inequality and Poverty Rate in Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Fadhal
Published: May 2024

The phenomenon of feminization of poverty intertwines issues of poverty and gender as interconnected challenges. This research aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between gender inequality and the poverty rate in Indonesia, utilizing panel data from 34 provinces during 2018 to 2022. Multiple linear regression modeling is used to analyze the impact of independent variables comprising the Gender Inequality Index (GII), Gender Development Index (GDI), Gender Empowerment Index (GEI), dependency ratio, and Gini ratio on the poverty rate. The findings reveal that GII, GEI, dependency ratio, and Gini ratio significantly positively affect the poverty rate, while GDI significantly negatively affects the poverty rate. Consequently, comprehensive and gender-aware policies are essential to alleviate gender inequality and poverty issues.
A Multicenter Evaluation of a Metacognitive Framework for Antimicrobial Selection Education
Authors: Cole Stephen D. , Burbick Claire R. , Daniels Joshua B. , Diaz-Campos Dubraska , Winget Joanne , Dietrich Jaclyn M. , LeCuyer Tessa E.
Published: May 2024

Antimicrobial selection is a complex task for veterinary students there is a need for both assessment tools and novel strategies to promote the proper use of antimicrobials. SODAPOP (Source-Organism-Decided to treat-Antimicrobials-Patient- Option-Plan) is a mnemonic previously designed to aid in developing antimicrobial selection skills by promoting metacognition. To assess the effect of this tool, we enrolled veterinary students ( N = 238) from five veterinary teaching institutions in a study that consisted of an online survey that contained a video-based intervention. For the intervention, a video that presented principles of antimicrobial selection was embedded within the survey. For one-half of students, the video also included an explanation of SODAPOP. The survey included self-efficacy statements rated by participants pre-intervention and post-intervention. The survey also included cases, developed for this study, that were used to assess selection and plan competence. Cases were graded using two study-developed rubrics in a blinded fashion by veterinary educators. A statistically significant difference was found in participant-reported self-efficacy pre-scores and post-scores when asked about empiric prescribing (5.8 vs. 6.5; P = .0153) for the SODAPOP group but not the control group. No immediate impact on competence was found. When asked whether SODAPOP was an essential educational tool and likely to be used by participants in the future, the mean rank score (from 1-10) was 7.6 and 7.2, respectively. In addition to developing cases and rubrics, this study demonstrated that SODAPOP may be a useful tool for integration into approaches for teaching antimicrobial selection to veterinary students.
A healthy lifestyle of student youth in the context of a dangerous social and environmental environment in Ukraine
Authors: Skrypchenko Iryna , Morhunov Oleksandr , Pavlovıc Ratko , Yarymbash Kseniia , Bilohur Vlada
Published: May 2024

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and sufficient physical activity contributes to the preservation of health and self-improvement of student youth. Today in Ukrainian universities, there is a decrease in the number of hours for physical education and a transition to distance learning, which negatively affects the health, level of physical fitness and motivation of young people. The transfer of physical education to a distance form of education caused the need to find new forms and methods of teaching, taking into account new rules for the organization of physical culture and health activities of students in order to preserve their health in extremely limited conditions motor loads. The purpose of our research was to study the factors of a healthy lifestyle of student youth in the context of a dangerous social and ecological environment in Ukraine. 28 first-year students took part in the research. The work used a complex of general scientific theoretical methods: the method of analyzing scientific literature, synthesis, systematization, generalization, the method of surveying applicants (online in the Google Forms application), testing the profile of a healthy lifestyle, methods of mathematical statistics. The results of the testing showed that during the year, under the influence of the change in the socio-ecological state of the environment caused by military actions in Ukraine, four indicators reliably (probably) changed among students: Health Responsibility (HR), Physical Activity (PA), Nutrition (N), Spiritual Growth (SG) and Stress Management (SM), (p
USO DE SITE EM CURSOS ONLINE PARA MENSURAR A QUALIDADE DA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DOCENTE
Authors: Prado Pinto Antonia Cláudia , Gondim Raquel de Sousa , Gondim Antônio Beethoven Carneiro , Silva Thomaz Edson Veloso da , Vasconcelos Francisco Herbert Lima
Published: May 2024

Este artigo constitui-se de um recorte da pesquisa de Dissertação de Mestrado, a qual tem como objetivo de refletir a usabilidade de um Produto Educacional (PE), bem como sua finalidade pedagógica. O trabalho tem por natureza uma abordagem qualitativa, porque o pesquisador propôs uma análise de um PE criado para avaliar cursos online para docentes. O PE avaliou um curso de formação online com 654 professores, a partir dos aspectos da ‘aprendizagem’, da ‘metodologia’, dos ‘materiais’, da ‘estrutura’, dos ‘recursos humanos’, da interação, dos ‘recursos tecnológicos’ e das avaliações. As reflexões feitas através do artigo apontam que um PE não tem somente o intuito de cumprir uma obrigatoriedade de programas de Pós-graduação, mas o sentido de ressignificar a prática pedagógica e contribuir na busca por cursos de qualidade para formação docente.
PERANCANGAN CHECKING FIXTURE UNTUK PENGECEKAN KOMPONEN GARNISH REAR DOOR SIDE PRODUK PT. XYZ
Authors: Nugraha Aditya , Ismartaya Kristian , Madewa Muhammad Daffa Pahlevi , Nugroho Yohanes , Rinanto Andhy
Published: May 2024

Checking Fixture merupakan alat bantu inspeksi pengecekan ukuran panjang, lebar, dan kontur radius dari komponen otomotif garnish rear door side. Proses pengecekan menggunakan alat ukur mistar dengan titik acuan pengukuran berada pada garis ukur diatas permukaan alat inspeksi yang dinamakan bansen. Pembuatan alat inspeksi diharapkan dapat menjawab kebutuhan PT.XYZ yang akan membuat produksi massal komponen garnish rear door side untuk mobil A berjenis low SUV. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode VDI (Verein Deutsche Inginieuer) 2222. Metode VDI 2222 merupakan metode pendekatan sistematik terhadap desain untuk merumuskan metode desain yang berkembang oleh kegiatan riset. Langkah umum yang dilakukan dalam merancang suatu desain menggunakan metode VDI 2222 adalah merencana, mengkonsep, merancang, dan penyelesaian. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan rancangan alat inspeksi yang dapat mengukur panjang, lebar, dan kontur radius produk garnish rear door side dengan cycle time pemasangan produk adalah 71,35 detik serta efisiensi sebesar 29%.
ANALISIS JARAK PENGEREMAN DAN TEMPERATUR DISC BRAKE PADA PROTOTIPE MOBIL LISTRIK HEULANG GALUNGGUNG
Authors: Fauzi Kenken Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Disc brake merupakan salah satu komponen kendaraan bermotor yang berfungsi untuk memperlambat atau menghentikan laju kendaraan khususnya kendaraan darat yaitu sebuah besi yang berbentuk piringan yang dijepit oleh kampas rem menggunakan kaliper yang digerakkan oleh piston. Tujuan dari pengujian ini untuk melihat temperatur disc dan jarak pengereman pada mobil listrik heulang galunggung. Pada penelitian ini akan diambil data 3 temperatur disc setelah pemakaian beberapa kali. Data tersebut meliputi kecepatan mobil listrik, jarak tempuh, dan panas pada piringan. Metode pengukuran panas pada piringan dengan menggunakan Thermogun infrared, sebelum memulainya pengujian tersebut pastikan suhu awal pada piringan depan kiri 24.2˚C, depan kanan 24,1 ˚C, belakang 24,8˚C selanjutnya kendaraan melaju dengan jarak 50 M, dan menentukan jarak pengereman sampai kendaraan berhenti. Hasil dari pengujian ini bahwa dari ke-3 piringan cakram menunjukkan hasil bahwa suhu tertinggi piringan cakram tersebut mencapai depan kiri 33,6˚C, depan kanan 37,7˚C, belakang 30˚C dan suhu terendah depan kiri 26,6˚C, depan kanan 29,7˚C, belakang 26,4˚C dan untuk jarak pengereman terpanjang mencapai 3.2 meter dan jarak terpendek 2,55 meter. Untuk hasil pengujian dari ketiga piringan cakram adalah piringan depan kanan yang paling panas 37,7˚C dibandingkan dengan yang lain dan suhu terendah ada di piringan depan kiri 26,6˚C, untuk jarak pengereman terpanjang 3,2 meter dan jarak terpendek 2,55 meter.Kata kunci : Disc Brake, Temperatur disc dan jarak pengereman.
ANALISA HASIL PENGEREMAN SISTEM LOAD SENSING PROPORTIONING VALVE (LSPV) TERHADAP KELEBIHAN BEBAN MUATAN (OVER LOAD) PADA MOBIL BARANG BAK TERBUKA PICK UP
Authors: Sidiq Abdurahim Rahim , F S Gusti Rusydi
Published: May 2024

Terjadinya kecelakaan yang diakibatkan kendaraan mengangkut beban muatan yang melebihi kapasitas kemampuan kendaraannya (Over Load) permasalahan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengaruh beban muatan berlebih (Overload) terhadap kemampuan rem utama / efisiensi rem utama pada mobil yang dilenkapi dengan system LSPV "Load Sensing Proportioning Valve". Kendaraan yang menggunakan  LSPV "Load Sensing Proportioning Valve"  dicoba dengan berbagai kombinasi variasi beban dan hal tersebut di buktikan dengan hasil gaya pengereman kendaraan saat dilakukan pengujian kinerja rem sebagai berikut Pengujian pengujian variasi beban ke 1 dengan berat kendaraan dan muatan 1144 kg gaya rem utama kendaraan sebesar  601 kg dengan efisiensi rem utama 53 %, pada pengujian variasi beban ke 2 dengan berat kendaraan dan muatan 1512 kg gaya rem utama kendaraan  648 kg dengan efisiensi rem utama  43%, pada pengujian variasi beban ke 3 dengan berat kendaraan dan muatan 2062 kg gaya rem utama kendaraan 986 kg dengan efisiensi rem utama 48 %, pada pengujian variasi beban ke 4 berat kendaraan dan muatan 2286 kg gaya rem utama menjadi 1000 kg dengan efisiensi rem sebesar 44 %, dan pada pengujian variasi beban ke 5 dengan berat kendaraan dan muatan  sebesar 2532 kg gaya rem yang utama kendaraan sebesar 893 kg dengan efisiensi rem utama menjadi 35%,. Percobaan Pengujian sebagaimana telah dilaksanakan tersebut membuktikan bahwa LSPV bekerja menjadikan gaya rem meningkat (bertambah naik) seiring penambahan beban muatan pada kendaraan.  Akan tetapi dalam kondisi Overload / kelebihan muatan besaran gaya pengereman yang di hasilkan akan tetap dan cenderung mulai menurun saat diadakan penambahan muatan sehingga kinerja rem utama tidak mampu memberikan efek pengereman yang optimal pada saat kendaraan berjalan. Kurang optimalnya pengereman pada kendaraan berakibat pada jarak henti kendaraan, semakin berat muatan kendaraan maka jarak yang diperlukan kendaraan untuk berhenti saat melakukan pengereman akan semakin panjang.Kata kunci : Rem, Kinerja Rem, LSPV, Over Load.
PENGARUH BESAR ARUS DAN KECEPATAN PENGELASAN SMAW TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA BAJA KARBON MENENGAH
Authors: . Suwarto , . Wajilan , Hariyanto Agus
Published: May 2024

Pada saat ini las busur listrik elektroda terbungkus atau Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) banyak digunakan secara luas dalam penyambungan batang–batang pada konstruksi bangunan baja dan konstruksi mesin. Pengaruh panas dari besar arus pengelasan  dan kecepatan pengelasan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan sifat mekanik dan fisis pada hasil lasan material yang dilas. Konsep yang digunakan untuk melakukan penelitian ini adalah dengan metode penelitian murni dan Proses pengelasan yang digunakan adalah.variasi besar arus 70A, 80A, 90A dan 100A sedangkan variasi kecepatan pengelasan yaitu 90 mm/menit, 120 mm/menit dan 150 mm/menit. Hasil yang dicapai dari pengujian tarik diperoleh nilai kekuatan tarik terbesar adalah pada perlakuan besar arus pengelasan 100A dengan kecepatan pengelasan 150 mm/menit dengan nilai rata–rata 354 MPa, sedangkan nilai kekuatan tarik terkecil pada besar arus pengelasan 80 A dengan kecepatan pengelasan 90 mm/menit dengan nilai rata–rata 315 MPa dan Pada pengamatan struktur mikro untuk daerah las (Weld Metal) didominasi unsur ferit dibanding perlit, sehingga sifat mekanik semakin tangguh tetapi kekuatan tariknya menurun
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi 'Biak Tourism-Hub' dalam Meningkatkan Pengalaman Wisata: Studi Kasus untuk Mendukung Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Papua
Authors: Suhadi Muhammad Sapwan , Samperura Bryan , Riza Noviana
Published: May 2024

Pariwisata di Biak, Papua, memiliki potensi besar namun menghadapi tantangan dalam eksposur media terhadap tempat wisata yang menakjubkan namun belum terekspos. Penelitian ini mengusung pengembangan aplikasi 'Biak Tourism-Hub' sebagai solusi inovatif. Aplikasi ini dirancang untuk memudahkan pemesanan tiket dan menyajikan informasi mendalam tentang destinasi yang kurang terkenal. Dengan pendekatan campuran, melibatkan observasi online, studi pustaka, dan wawancara, serta menggunakan model pengembangan waterfall, penelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi kontribusi aplikasi terhadap pariwisata berkelanjutan di Biak. Hasil observasi online dan wawancara dengan masyarakat Biak digunakan untuk merinci tantangan minimnya eksposur media. Flowchart dan Use Case Diagram digunakan untuk menggambarkan alur kerja aplikasi. Database dibangun dengan tabel-tabel terkait pemesanan tiket dan informasi destinasi. User Interface Sistem disajikan melalui dashboard, halaman login, booking, customer, dan destinasi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa 'Biak Tourism-Hub' memiliki potensi signifikan dalam meningkatkan eksposur destinasi, mendorong minat wisatawan, dan mendukung pengelolaan pariwisata berkelanjutan. Dengan menyajikan informasi yang mudah diakses dan fasilitas pemesanan, aplikasi ini diharapkan membawa dampak positif pada ekonomi lokal dan warisan budaya Biak. Penelitian mendukung perkembangan pariwisata melalui penerapan teknologi informasi yang cermat dan berkelanjutan.
Game Edukasi Panduan Sholat Berbasis Android
Authors: Karyadiputra Erfan , Afifa Nur
Published: May 2024

Sholat adalah salah satu dari rukun islam, yang merupakan kwajiban bagi setiap muslim, pengetahuan tentang sholat tentunya perlu dikenalkan sejak usia dini,  Sholat Fardhu merupakan tiang agama yang membedakan agama Islam dengan agama lainnya. Umat muslim wajib melaksanakan sholat 5 waktu yang terdiri dari subuh, dzuhur, asar, maghrib, dan isya.Game sangat mudah didapatkan dan dimainkan melalui smartphone maupun melalui computer dan lainnya, yang dimana di era saat ini hampir setiap anak memilikinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemanfaatan pada smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran. Selain itu dengan media elektronik akan memiliki potensi yang besar untuk memfasilitasi metode pendidikan yang lebih inovatif. Metode yang di gunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall. Sedangkan perangkat lunak yang digunakan dalam sistem adalah menggunkan aplikasi Construct 2 yang akan menghasilkan output menjadi aplikasi android. Dengan harapan bahwa game yang di buat ini akan menjadi pedoman yang dapat membantu anak-anak. Dari hasil perancangan game ini maka didapat hasil game edukasi panduan sholat yang bukan hanya sekedar permainan, tapi juga mendapat ilu tentang panduan sholat dengan panduan yang telah di buat, dan juga game yang ada dalam aplikasi ini akan berdampak positif terhadap anak
ФОРМУВАННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ ТА СТРАТЕГІЙ БЕЗПЕЧНОГО ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: НИЖНИК Олег , НИЖНИК Ірина
Published: May 2024

On the basis of the analysis of scientific approaches to the construction of the management mechanism of socio-economic systems, the most typical ones for the modern development of the economy of Ukraine are highlighted. Strategies and mechanisms for the implementation of innovative development of socio-economic systems are closely related to the development of high-tech production, the creation of innovative products, the development of innovation and investment potential, the provision of safe development of socio-economic systems during a prolonged state of war, in view of the support of highly developed European countries. Based on the intended directions of the strategy for the development of innovative activity for the future, emphasis is placed on innovative active forms and mechanisms of ensuring socio-economic systems. The main components of the mechanisms of safe innovative development and their interdependence and interaction are defined. The formation of any organizational and economic mechanism for the innovative development of socio-economic systems, as a set of states and processes that make up any management system, should take place on the basis of combining into one system the constituent elements and various variants of their interrelationships, the set of which should form the state and content of innovative processes taking place in the socio-economic system or in the environment of its functioning. The proposed procedure for the formation of an organizational and economic mechanism and strategies for the safe innovative development of socio-economic systems will allow, at the level of strategic planning of their innovative development, to determine the prospects and effectiveness of the introduction of innovative projects or scenarios of safe development, monitor the implementation of the innovative development strategy, evaluate and adjust the proposed strategies and develop directions for further innovative development of socio-economic systems.
РОЗВИТОК РИНКУ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ НА ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ЗАСАДАХ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ
Authors: БАРНА Марта , ІВАНЮК Юрій
Published: May 2024

The article focuses on issues of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the functioning and development of the labor market. The socio-economic role and specifics of the functioning of the market of agricultural products are defined. The theoretical and methodological provisions of the functioning and development of the market of agricultural products on an innovative basis are revealed. The purpose of the article is to generalize the theoretical and methodological principles and methodological and applied provisions of the functioning and development of the market of agricultural products on an innovative basis.
It is shown that the defining characteristic of the real sustainable progress of the market of agricultural products is the introduction of innovations, which become a basic condition for strengthening the competitiveness of its subjects, increasing efficiency and better meeting the needs of society. Innovations ensure the formation of new opportunities, the achievement of unique advantages, the increase of intellectual capital, technological modernization and modernization of both the system of production (supply) and consumption (demand) of agricultural products.
At the same time, innovative activity should be extended not only to the sector of production (supply) of agricultural products on the market, but to all elements of the market, in particular, state regulation, infrastructural support, the processing system and the consumption sector. This approach will ensure the joint participation of market subjects in projects of innovative market development, increase the level of diversification of resource provision of innovative activities, improve the level of coherence of the interests of market subjects in the field of innovation, achieve their greater adaptability to the challenges of uncertainty, including war, comprehensively provide investment support for market modernization and digitalization of economic relations on the basis of innovation and technology.
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ І ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ РОЗВИТКУ КОНЦЕПЦІЙ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЯКІСТЮ ЯК ІМПЕРАТИВ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ ПЕРЕВАГ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: ТЕЛЬНОВ Анатолій
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to generalize the concepts of quality management, justify the role and importance of quality management for strengthening competitive positions in the market, identify the main trends and determinants of quality management concepts in order to obtain sustainable competitive advantages of the enterprise. The article defines the content of quality management in terms of a client-oriented approach as one of the basic concepts of enterprise development in the direction of achieving competitive advantages in the market.
The content of competitive advantages in the modern conditions of economic development is defined as the ability of the enterprise's aggregate potential to form and maintain a system of declared values and business principles, social responsibility of business, corporate culture of the enterprise in relation to its competitors, which satisfy the requirements of consumers and partners, and also provide the possibility of future development, taking into account instability of the market environment.
The main tasks in the implementation of quality management at the enterprise have been identified. The concepts of quality management are summarized, the role and importance of quality management for strengthening competitive positions on the market is substantiated. The content of the company's quality management activities is defined, taking into account the client-oriented approach. The main trends and determinants of quality management concepts for the purpose of obtaining sustainable competitive advantages have been identified.
Methods and tools of product quality management are proposed. The article provides examples of achieving product quality at enterprises, which demonstrate the diversity and business activity of enterprises in Ukraine regarding the implementation of modern concepts of quality management to achieve satisfaction of consumer needs and obtain competitive advantages. Taking into account modern trends in economic development, directions for improving quality management are proposed to obtain sustainable competitive advantages of the enterprise.
The Effect of Methanol Fractıonated of Luvunga sarmentosa on In Vıtro Sperm Membrane Integrıty
Authors: Nuha Alya Firyal , Permatasari Silvani , Ratnasari Arini , Widayati Ratna , Ka Praja Rian
Published: May 2024

Infertility cases in the world are increasing in 2020, with 186 million individuals affected worldwide. The most common cause of male infertility is due to decreased sperm quality. Sperm membrane integrity is known to play an essential role in the fertilization ability of spermatozoa. The methanol fraction of Luvunga sarmentosa root extract has the highest antioxidant activity compared to other fractions and can improve sperm motility in vitro. This study aims to determine the effect of the methanol fraction of Luvunga sarmentosa root extract on human sperm membrane integrity and the effective concentration of Luvunga sarmentosa methanol extract fraction to improve sperm membrane integrity in vitro. The samples used were washed human spermatozoa in vitro, then added BWW medium, and incubated at 37℃ for 1 hour with methanol fraction of Luvunga sarmentosa root extract at concentrations of 100, 500, 1000, and 5000ng/ml as well as the control group (BWW only). Furthermore, 100uL of each sample was added to 1mL of Hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) solution, then incubated at 37oC for 30 minutes to see the integrity of the spermatozoa membrane from the tail swelling. The results showed that sperm membrane integrity significantly increased at 100, 500, 1000, and 5000ng/mL concentrations compared to the control group. The methanol fraction of Luvunga sarmentosa root extract was most effective at a concentration of 100ng/mL. Methanol fraction of Luvunga sarmentosa root extract can improve human sperm membrane integrity.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS WAQF IN THE URBAN SOCIETY OF MEDAN BASED ON MAQASID SHARIAH
Authors: Rahmadany Rahmadany , Pagar Pagar , Khoiri Nispul , Uwem Imoh Emmanuel
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to see the implementation of intellectual property rights (IPR) waqf in urban society from the Perspective of Maqasid Shariah. This research applied a qualitative approach to depict social phenomena and processes in implementing Intellectual Property Rights Waqf in Medan urban communities. The qualitative approach allows researchers to gain deep insight into people's views, attitudes, and understanding of waqf and intellectual property rights. The data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation. The findings show that the implementation of IPR waqf in the urban society of Medan City, from the perspective of Maqasid Shariah, holds great potential for societal development and the promotion of knowledge and innovation. However, clear regulations and guidelines that address the specific challenges of IPR waqf must be established to facilitate its successful execution. Through collaboration and a comprehensive approach, the integration of IPR assets into the waqf framework can bring significant social and economic benefits to the urban society of Medan City. Despite the challenges faced, the implementation of IPR waqf in Medan City holds immense potential for the development and growth of the urban society.
Dynamics of Coherent Hydrodynamic Systems and Geometry on the Monge Manifolds
Authors: Fimin Nikolay
Published: May 2024

The concept of a metric on the manifold of Monge potentials is introduced for hydrodynamic vortex system. The concept of coherence of continuous vortex structures is formulated in terms of the deviation of geodesic lines on a given manifold. Criteria of decay and collapse of a vortex continual system are established.
A unique way to form a vesicle: aminopeptidase 1 aggregation and its binding to receptor ATG19 for recruitment of autophagic proteins to form a vesicle in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole-targeting pathway in yeast
Authors:   , Morales Quinones Mariana
Published: May 2024

Misfolded protein aggregation causes disease and aging; autophagy counteracts this by eliminating damaged components, enabling cells to survive starvation. The Cytoplasm-to-vacuole-targeting (Cvt) pathway in yeast encompasses the aggregation of the premature form of Aminopeptidase 1 (prApe1) in cytosol, its targeting by its autophagic receptor Atg19, and its sequestration inside a vesicle formed by autophagic proteins for vacuolar transport. The goal of this research was to elucidate the mechanism of prApe1 aggregation and binding to its receptor Atg19, to better understand how selective autophagy takes place and to develop an in vitro assay of autophagy. This study shows that the propeptide of Ape1 is important for aggregation and vesicle formation, it is sufficient for binding to prApe1 and Atg19. Defective aggregation disrupts vacuolar transport, suggesting aggregate shape is important in vesicle formation, while Atg19 and Atg11 binding is not sufficient for vacuolar transport. Ape1 dodecamerization may cluster propeptides into trimeric structures, with sufficient affinity to form propeptide hexamers by binding to other dodecamers, causing aggregation. Furthermore, the N- and C-terminal domains of Atg19 are critical for its correct localization on the surface of aggregates. Atg19 with N- or C-terminal deletions localizes inside aggregates instead, which could interfere with its binding to cytosolic autophagic proteins and cargo for vesicle formation. Meanwhile, the coiled-coil of Atg19 is sufficient for binding to the helix-turn-helix propeptide of prApe1. This study also shows that the mechanism of Atg19 binding to Ape1 aggregates is modified after starvation by the Atg1-Atg13 complex, which plays a key role in autophagy induction and pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) assembly. A novel in vitro assay was developed, in which prApe1 aggregates and binds Atg19 and Atg8. This could be used as a scaffold for an in vitro assay of autophagosome formation to elucidate the mechanisms of autophagy.
Coping with work-family conflict: an examination of work-family help-seeking behavior in both organizational and relational contexts
Authors:   , Bradshaw Christopher C.
Published: May 2024

This study explores employee coping behaviors in a work-family context. Though a considerable amount of research has been conducted that focuses on work-family conflict's relationship with both social support and formal organizational family supports (e.g., flexible scheduling, flexplace, child care support, elder care support), the behaviors employees enact when seeking either form of support have not been studied. This study defined the construct of work-family help-seeking behavior and then examined employee help-seeking behavior within a work-family conflict context. A sample of 400 full-time workers with children was surveyed at two points in time. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the work-family help-seeking behavior scale developed within this study. An initial theoretical model which predicted that increased work-family help-seeking behavior would lead to less work-family conflict was not supported. Analyses based on a revised model suggest that work-family helpseeking behavior is a response to experienced work-family conflict and that workers experiencing work-family conflict are more likely to engage in work-family help-seeking behavior when working within supportive organizational contexts and supportive relational contexts. More specifically, employees with children are more likely to engage in work-family help-seeking behavior as a response to work-family conflict when reporting high perceived organizational family support, a greater number of formal organizational family supports, high family supportive supervision, and high leadermember exchange.
Four essays in empirical corporate finance and financial markets : social captial, corporate risk-taking, external financing, and financial market development
Authors:   , Javakhadze David
Published: May 2024

This dissertation consists of four essays examining a range of topics in empirical corporate finance and financial market. The first essay tests the impact of CEO social capital on corporate risk-taking. Using a large panel of companies from 41 countries, the paper documents a significant positive relationship between CEO social capital and corporate risk-taking. More importantly findings show that this increase in risk-taking caused by social capital is value-enhancing. The second essay examines the effects of managerial social capital on the firm's implied cost of equity capital and demand for liquidity. The paper finds that social capital reduces the implied cost of capital as well as the marginal propensity to save cash. The association between social capital and the cost of equity is stronger in underdeveloped financial markets. In addition, marginal effect of social capital in reducing the cost of equity is stronger for constrained firms with good investment opportunities. The third essay examines the impact of managerial social capital on investment and external finance sensitivities to cash flow and Q. The paper documents that social capital reduces a firm's dependence on internally generated cash. Social capital positively affects external finance--Q and negatively-- external finance-cash flow sensitivities. These effects of social capital are stronger in markets characterized by weak legal protection of investors. Social capital also has important implications for firm performance. Finally, the fourth essay tests the relation between social capital and financial development. The study provides evidence that social capital positively affects financial development. The results also suggest that casual, non-professional ties are the most efficient forms of social capital with the strongest implications for financial markets.
A study of innovation and patenting in the life sciences
Authors:   , Zahringer Kenneth A.
Published: May 2024

This dissertation examines some of the economic issues surrounding patenting by smaller life science firms. In this context patents are viewed as firm assets that have a value separate from the patented innovation itself, derived from rents that accrue to the monopoly rights granted by the patent. Patents also have costs associated with their acquisition, including legal and patent office fees as well as the time and effort required to move them through the process from application to granted status. The first essay investigates one facet of the cost of patent acquisition, pendency time. Patents which take longer to be granted can place a higher cost on the applicant firm, in the form of foregone revenues, as well as on society, as longer pendency slows the rate of innovation and creates uncertainty for other innovators. Much research in this area concentrates on the influence of patent characteristics on pendency. This essay uses a more comprehensive model that also includes the experience and interests of three stakeholders in the patenting process: applicants, their attorneys, and patent examiners. I find that applicant behavior is a significant factor in longer pendency. This suggests that pendency offers benefits to the applicant, including the aforementioned uncertainty on the part of potential competitors and more time to assess the nature and value of the invention and tailor the patent to market conditions. The second essay turns to the subject of patent value, and examines the relationship between academic science and industrial innovation. Knowledge from academic science can be an important input for innovation in the life sciences. Previous research has described the impact of science intensity, defined as the number of scientific references in the patent, on patent value Scientific knowledge is not homogeneous, though, any more than are the patents that make use of it. Variations in quality may have a separate influence. Here I develop a novel measure of the quality of the scientific references in granted patents, augmenting previous research mainly concerned with the quantity of scientific references. I find that higher quality science is significantly related to patents of greater technological importance and thus overall value. The third essay is concerned with how the value of patents changes over the course of a technology life cycle. Previous studies of value and pendency have reached conflicting conclusions based on whether technology position was included. This essay uses patents related to polymerase chain reaction technology to trace changes in value and the pace of change, as well as other patent characteristics, over a technology cycle. I find that patent value and the pace of technological change both change non-linearly over the cycle. The results suggest that these two factors may interact such that during periods of rapid technological change shorter pendency is in the applicant's interest, while longer pendency may be preferred during periods of slower change.
Genetic and neuronal systems that are critical for high temperature avoidance in reflexive and learned behaviors
Authors:   , Kramer Elizabeth F.
Published: May 2024

In a variable temperature world, there is selective advantage to being able to either tolerate or escape from bad conditions and learn from experience to avoid future bad events. Within species there are multiple strategies to survive and prevent future harmful events, but how organisms allocate genetic resources to tolerance and learning strategies is far from clear. High temperatures can be used to examine multiple genetic bases of tolerance and avoidance of places predictive of aversive high temperature exposure in Drosophila. Natural variations at the foraging (for) locus provide flies with distinct behavioral strategies for survival. Drosophila with natural variants of the for locus are known to behave differently in the presence of food; the heat box was used to observe behavior in an aversive environment. I examined locomotion in rover (forR ) and sitter (fors ) flies for differences in high temperature induced incapacitation to test the idea that trade-offs in high temperature survival strategies might exist with key polymorphisms at this locus. Serotonin is one of the primary biogenic amines in Drosophila implicated in operant place learning. Although serotonergic cell bodies and innervations patterns have been identified, relationships between cell bodies and the associated neurite projections are still not well established. Unambiguously assigning innervation patterns to specific neuronal cell bodies is the first step to understanding the anatomical organization of serotonergic neurons. Thus I have begun to identify subsystems of serotonergic systems by generating transcription activator and repressor elements. I used the heat box paradigm to investigate both neuronal circuitry and genetic bases for operant conditioning in Drosophila, providing new insight into the fly's ability to learn and remember to avoid a high temperature-associated place in a simple environment. Using transcription activator and repressor elements, I have identified a subsystem of serotonergic neurons necessary and sufficient for place memory after direct conditioning but not after preexposure to aversive temperatures. This dissertation work has served to identify both a subsystem of serotonergic neurons involved in learned avoidance of high temperature-associated places and tradeoffs in survival strategies employed by Drosophila when presented with a high temperature.
Monosaccharide-binding of cystic fibrosis pseudomonas aeruginosa: glycopolymer preparations, methods development and phenotype assessment
Authors:   , Wang Wei
Published: May 2024

The chronic and progressive Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients' lungs starts with the specific binding by bacterial lectins (sugar-binding proteins) to certain sugars on the respiratory tract. Blocking this binding with competitive carbohydrates (anti-adhesion therapy) offers a promising therapeutic strategy. Due to the diverse living microenvironment of the bacteria in the lungs, P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients often have different appearances, which is directly related to their unusually high antibiotic-resistance. Therefore, we asked whether P. aeruginosa with different appearances also have different carbohydrate-binding patterns, and what simple sugars can be bound by the bacteria on a cellular level. To answer these questions, a group of P. aeruginosa laboratory strains and clinical isolates with various appearances were tested against a panel of synthesized and commercial fluorescent glycopolymers possessing distinct pendant sugars. Using a controlled co-polymerization strategy, a group of linear fluorescent glycopolymers were successfully prepared and employed in bacterial binding tests. In the P. aeruginosa binding tests where commercial glycopolymers were mainly used, alpha-D-galactose, beta-D-Nacetylgalactosamine, or beta-D-galactose-3-sulfate demonstrated strong binding with all the strains and clinical isolates. But within any positively-binding population, only [approx] 1 percent of the bacteria showed observable binding. These findings provide new perspective for both the pathogenesis of the P. aeruginosa infection in CF lungs and the sugar-inhalation anti-adhesion treatment. This protocol can also be applied to other pathogenic bacteria whose carbohydrate-binding behaviors are of interest for researchers.
Undergraduate student course engagement and the influence of student, contextual, and teacher variables
Authors:   , Marx Adam Alan
Published: May 2024

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between undergraduate student course engagement and independent variables including teacher verbal and nonverbal immediacy behaviors, college course status, class time, class size, and student class rank. The target population was undergraduate students enrolled in one of three courses within the College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources at the University of Missouri. Total study participants included 300 (N) students from a convenience sample, with an overall response rate of 84 percent. Students completed a paper questionnaire which included three instruments to measure student course engagement, teacher verbal immediacy, and teacher nonverbal immediacy. From the findings of this study, it was concluded that class size and teacher verbal immediacy were the two primary variables which significantly predicted student course engagement. In this study, class time, course status, and student rank had little influence on the outcome of student engagement in the classroom. Classes with less than 30 students significantly influenced overall engagement and student participation engagement. These findings support previous research with class size and engagement (Weaver and Qi, 2005). Additionally, the unique influence demonstrated by immediacy behaviors supported the researcher's assertions coupled with the findings of previous research on teacher behaviors and student engagement (Frymier and Houser, 2000; van Uden, Ritzen, and Pieters, 2014; Zepke and Leach, 2010). According to the findings, college teachers should be aware of the role their immediacy behaviors play in student engagement within their classrooms. Teachers who demonstrate energy and concern for student learning through being inclusive, encouraging, and ultimately realistic with communicating expectations can positively influence student engagement in the classroom. Where feasible, deconstructing large courses into smaller working groups could facilitate the opportunity for teachers to approach students more directly and intimately. Using grouping techniques in large classes can facilitate a smaller classroom environment and additionally increase student participation and interaction with their classmates, thereby enhancing learning. Future research should explore the use of observations to assess student behaviors in comparison to their perceived engagement in the classroom. Additionally, quantifying the frequency of teacher immediacy behaviors alongside student perceptions of those behaviors could provide context for the most influential teacher behaviors. Further, designing qualitative studies around the factors of engagement could provide context to the cognitive processes behind student behaviors in the classroom to enhance quantitative assessments of engagement.
A study of nanostructured materials toward coronary artery stenting and DNA-based biosensing
Authors:   , Jones John E.
Published: May 2024

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Vascular stenting has emerged as a viable method for treating occluded arteries. Unfortunately, implanted stents are subject to re-obstruction triggered by host tissue. A plasma nanocoating (20-30 nm) has been investigated for its ability to improve patient tissue response. Nanocoatings were deposited using low temperature non-equilibrium plasma glow discharges. Nanocoatings were further modified with NH3+O2-based glows; these glows introduced potentially therapeutic chemical groups into the nanocoating. In vitro cell cultures confirmed the coatings promoted suitable endothelialization while minimizing the potential fr thrombosis. Surface chemical and electrochemical studies showed that nanocoating chemical groups remained stable under dry storage (25 [degrees]C) and in a simulated body fluid at 37 [degrees]C and 5 percent CO2. Plasma nanocoatings may be suitable in improving stent-vascular interactions. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a serious neonatal pathogen resulting in high infant mortalities. Current GBS detection methods have poor sensitivities and are prone to cross- reactions with non-pathogenic microbes. An electrochemical biosensor has been developed that is sensitive and specific for GBS detection. Detection relies on DNA hybridization between biosensor probe DNA and target DNA in the clinical specimen. Perfectly hybridized DNA can be detected using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The biosensor has suitable predictive value as a diagnostic, yet refinements may be necessary.
Role of the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor in inflammation and inflammatory diseases
Authors:   , Cao Chen
Published: May 2024

Nucleotides are released from cells in response to tissue damage and activate P2X and P2Y receptors on the cell surface to regulate inflammation, a critical process for wound repair. During inflammation, leukocytes are recruited from the bone marrow (BM) to the bloodstream and cross the vasculature at sites of injury or infection. Accumulating evidence indicates that the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor (P2Y2R) is an important regulator of many inflammatory events, especially leukocyte infiltration. Here, we show that the endothelial P2Y2R contributes to the transmigration of leukocytes and macromolecules through blood vessels by interacting with vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 to control phosphorylation of VE-cadherin and associated signaling molecules that regulate RhoA and Rac1 activities, which modulate the junctional integrity of endothelium through remodeling of the cytoskeleton. In vivo studies using the TgCRND8 (Tg+) mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease, demonstrate that the P2Y2R regulates the release of neutrophils and monocytes from the BM to the peripheral blood, which may contribute to clearance of toxic [beta]-amyloid plaques in the brain. The impaired emigration of leukocytes out of the BM in Tg+ mice is likely due to the essential role of the leukocytic P2Y2R in sensing and amplifying chemoattractant signals while the retention signals for blood cells in the BM is strikingly reduced compared to Tg+ mice. In summary, this work has revealed novel functions of the P2Y2R in regulation of leukocyte trafficking from the BM to the blood and to sites of inflammation.