bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU TERHADAP KINERJA MENGAJAR GURU SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Saidah Ida
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of teacher professional competence on the teaching performance of elementary school teachers in Harjamukti District, Cirebon City. The research approach used is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The population in the study were elementary school teachers in Harjamukti District, Cirebon City, totaling 586 teachers. The sampling technique used is the Probability Sampling technique through Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling, because the members in the population are heterogeneous or not of the same type so that they are proportionally stratified. The sample is determined as much as 15% of the population. So the calculation is 586 x 15/100 = 87.9 rounded to 88, then the total sample that the researcher will take is 88 teachers and the author only takes 2 teachers from each school. Hypothesis testing uses correlation coefficient analysis, determination analysis, significance level test and simple regression coefficient test. The prerequisite test is the normality test. All calculations were processed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for School Science) program version 25.0 for Windows. The results of data processing obtained from the correlation coefficient value of 0.860, which means that Teacher Professional Competence has a very strong correlation or relationship with Teacher Teaching Performance. The coefficient of determination (KP) is 73.9%, meaning that the Teaching Performance of Teachers is influenced by the Professional Competence of Teachers of 73.9% and the remaining 26.1% is determined by other factors not examined. The results of the regression equation illustrate that there is a dependency between Teacher Teaching Performance on Teacher Professional Competence with the regression equation Ŷ = 15.605 + 0.856𝑋. This means that these results state that for each change in Teacher Professional Competence by one unit, the increase will be followed by an increase in Teacher Teaching Performance by 0.856.
MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN PENDAMPING PKH (PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN) BERBASIS BLENDED LEARNING
Authors: Kurniawan Iwan
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the description of training and education management PKH Based on Blended Learning in BBPPKS Bandung. The management of this training includes the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study through interviews, document study, and observation. The validity of the data was checked by triangulation. The results showed that the training and education management PKH Based on Blended Learning includes: 1) Planning which includes analysis of training needs, preparation of training objectives, preparation of training plans, and preparation of administration; 2) The implementation of this training stage includes online learning, opening, offline learning and training closing; 3) Evaluation which consists of four forms of evaluation, namely evaluation of training participants, evaluation of lecturers, evaluation of the implementation of education and training and evaluation of post-training. In addition, training and education PKH Based on Blended Learning is also influenced by the availability of the internet network, the seriousness of the training participants, the mastery of technology owned by the participants, the PBL location, the readiness of the organizers, the completeness. infrastructure, and availability of costs.
PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN PESERTA DIDIK TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR
Authors: Rahmawati Imas Aam
Published: October 2023

The aims of this study is about to know the effect of implementatiton student management on learning achievement at SMA Negeri 14 Kota Bandung. The study uses quantitative approach with descriptive methods. The population and sample in this study were 40 respondents who were teachers at SMA Negeri 14 Kota Bandung with a questionnaire and documentation research instrument. Processing data in this study used stastical applications SPSS 24.0 for windows and Microsoft Excel. The result of this study indicate that the effect of implementation student management on learning achievement at SMA Negeri 14 Kota Bandung has very low correlation, namely 0.132 and the correlation coefficient is 0.820 0,320 which means that the implementation of student management has no significant effect on learning achievement in SMA Negeri 14 Kota Bandung.
MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH PADA PROGRAM SEKOLAH TERBUKA DI SMAN 04 BANDUNG DAN SMAS SEBELAS MARET BANDUNG
Authors: Cahya Lutviya Nilam
Published: October 2023

This study aims to provide an overview of the Distance Learning Management in the Open School Program at SMAN 04 Bandung and SMAS Sebelas Maret Bandung. Distance learning management in this open school program consists of lesson planning, learning implementation, learning evaluation, and learning supervision. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. The data collection technique in this study was through interviews, documentation studies, and observations which then used Nvivo software in data reduction. The results of this study indicate that distance learning management in open school programs includes 1) learning planning which is basically the same as regular school learning planning. However, there are differences in the open high school program system that is adapted to the place for learning and the provision of material time is only 1 hour/subject a week, 2) the implementation of learning that places more emphasis on online use and independent assignments, 3) learning evaluation which consists of task assessment , tests, and portfolios, and 4) supervision of learning carried out by the principal, assisted by the manager/person in charge of the open high school.
Pembinaan dan Supervisi Pegawai di SMKN 4 Bandung
Authors: Irfani Ayit , Mulyana M
Published: October 2023

In the educational environment, educators and education staff are open components that are influenced by the environment in which they are located. Human resource management is an important dimension in the national development process. In the education system, human resources are the most valuable investment. The importance of human resources, especially in educational institutions is how to manage, regulate and maintain human resources to be effective and efficient to achieve educational goals. The chosen place of observation at National Vocational School 4 Bandung are (1) Based on the survey results, the authors get an overview of the school’s focus on Human Resources (2) viewed from discipline (3) Viewed from the number of educators and education staff (4) and seen from the Vision and School Mission. Contextual guidance / supervision is always carried out periodically (a continuous process) and the managerial concept itself is running, mobilizing Human Resources that is effective, efficient in using time, as well as optimally. Human resources at vocational school 4 Bandung are productivity  oriented
Proyeksi Kebutuhan Ruang Kelas SD Kabupaten Subang Berdasarkan Penduduk Usia Sekolah 2021-2025
Authors: Wijayanti Tika , Saud Udin Syaefudin , Hartini Nani
Published: October 2023

This study examines the problem of the classroom needs analysis based on projections of elementary school age-population growth. Research aims to: a) get information on the projection of the total population (SAP, PCN, and total number of students based on NER); b) get information on the projected number of new students absorbed by elementary school; and c) get projected information on the number of classrooms needed. The method used in this research is descriptive method with qualitative approach. In this research, the data sources were the elementary school Facilities and Infrastructure Staff and Head of the Department of Population and Civil Registration. Data collected by the study of documentation, interviews, and observations. The results of the research conducted indicate that: a) the population is increasing every year; b) SAP and PCN have decreased every year; c) NER achievement, generally decreased from 2016-2019 and increased in 2020; d) ASK is experiencing an increasing trend so that the number of new students each year has increased; e) the number of classrooms in 2021 which is calculated based on 1000 residents requires 611 elementary schools, based on national education standards still less 39 units
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar pada Konsep Sistem
Authors: Muharam Dede Abdul Mujib
Published: October 2023

The observation results at class there is a problem in learning, that is  students are less able to understand the learning concept. This can be seen from the average value of students who are still below the minimum learning completeness score. The purpose of research was to improve student achievement on the concept of motion systems after learning with the discovery learning model. The researcher uses an action research method in three cycles. Each cycle consists of stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were students of class XI social 4 at Mangunjaya senior high school, with a total of 32 students, consisting of 13 boys and 19 girls. Data collection uses two techniques, that is test techniques and observation techniques. The conclusion of this research is that the application of discovery learning models can improve student achievement on the concept of motion systems. This is evidenced by an increase in the number of students who complete the standard minimum by more than 75%. In the first cycle, students who get the standard minimum were 18 students from 32 students (56.25%). In cycle II, students who get the standard minimum were 24 students from 32 students (75%). In cycle III, students who get the standard minimum were 32 students from 32 students.
Comparative study of long-term effects of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c in patients with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Srabović Nahida , Rustemović Čorbić Monika , Dautović Esmeralda , Smajlović Aida , Softić Adaleta , Delimehić Anida , Grapkić Aličić Jasmina , Terzić Damir , Hodžić Emina , Šakušić Mujić Arnela , Merdanović Ezaneta , Sakić Zerina , Žunić Eldina , Salkić Mehmed , Ždralić Aida
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Statins are lipid lowering medications, used for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but have shown to increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-potency statins, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin on fasting glucose (FG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in CVD patients.
Methods: The case–control study included 123 patients from Tuzla Canton, Bosnia, and Herzegovina, with a diagnosis of CVD, treated in three health centers: Public Health Center Gračanica, Banovići, and Čelić. Of total patients, 84 were statin users (39 atorvastatin users and 45 rosuvastatin users) and 39 were not. Demographic data, diagnosis, and data of the therapy were taken from the medical records, as well as data of the FG and HbA1c, measured before or within 3 months of the statin therapy introduction. For the same patients, FG and HbA1c were also measured at least 3 months after the introduction of therapy.
Results: Obtained results have shown a significant increase of FG in CVD patients on statin therapy in relation to control (p = 0.034). Comparing the diabetogenic effects of atrovastatin and rosuvastatin, it was found that the HbA1c in patients on atorvastatin therapy was significantly higher comparing to those on rosuvastatain therapy (p = 0.028). The FG was significantly increased (p = 0.027) after atrovastatin therapy. Similar results were obtained in diabetogenic CVD patients, where HbA1c on atorvastatin therapy was significantly higher comparing to HbA1c in those on rosuvastatain therapy (p = 0.039). A significant correlation was found between the increase in FG and HbA1c with the duration of atorvastatin therapy (p = 0.001 and p = 0.033), and between the increase in HbA1c and the duration of rosuvastatin therapy (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Long-term therapy with high-potency statins, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin, may increase levels of FG and HbA1c in patients with CVD, where atorvastatin shows more significant effects.
THE EFFECTS OF PHOSPHORUS ON NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.)
Authors: ERTEN Hasibe , ÖNCAN SÜMER Feride
Published: October 2023

This study determines the effects of phosphorus, applied in various doses (0-30-60-90-120 kg ha-1), on the seed
yield, protein and amino acid content of the faba bean (Salkim, Filiz and Kitik). The study was conducted in the
2022 and 2023 growing seasons in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture of Aydin Adnan Menderes
University. The effect of different interactions of cultivar and phosphorus dose on the seed yield and on the levels
of the amino acids aspartic acid, serine, alanine, arginine, threosine and histidine was found to be significant, as
was the effect of the phosphorus dose on the protein ratio. The optimum values for the seed yield (2.14t ha-1) and
protein (26.4%) were obtained when the phosphorus was applied at 60kg ha-1. Among the cultivars, Kitik
achieved a higher yield and protein ratio than the others. Arginine (1.056g/100g) and aspartic acid (1.125g/100g)
were the amino acids found in the greatest quantities in the faba beans. However, while methionine (0.087g/100g)
and cysteine (0.085g/100 g) were the essential amino acids present in the smallest quantities, the application of
phosphorus increased the levels of these amino acids. As a result, the changes brought about in the yield, protein
content and amino acid content of the faba bean cultivars by applying various doses of phosphorus were
determined, revealing ways in which the nutritional value of the seeds might be enhanced.
implicaciones y condiciones de la docencia sumergida y emergida en la formación de formadores
Authors: Martínez Hernández Daniela Patricia
Published: October 2023

La presente investigación surge del planteamiento transdisciplinar de lectura de realidad, donde se encontró que los rasgos referidos a autonomía, emocionalidad y autoconciencia resultan indispensables en la formación de países de Asia y Europa. Sin embargo, surgió la interrogante ¿Cómo se promueven y conciben en la realidad de nuestro país para ser implementados?

Dicha pregunta llevó a cuestionar al respecto a siete docentes de una Normal de Guanajuato, titulares de algún curso donde se encontró que existe una tendencia discursiva disminuida hacia su promoción. Se emprendió una investigación referida al estudio de caso y una entrevista aplicada a 10 estudiantes de la misma licenciatura y cinco profesores asesores metodológicos para triangular información y dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación planteada ¿Cuáles son las concepciones y experiencias de formación en torno a los rasgos del sujeto referidos a la emocionalidad, autonomía y autoconciencia?

Se encontró que existe una docencia emergente que determina las concepciones y experiencias y que factor sumergido los discursos y significatividad de las experiencias, además, que las concepciones están permeadas por posicionamientos teóricos que representan experiencias dialógicas en la significatividad del docente y del alumno, complejizadas por el nivel y función para la que se forma.
Tecnología y educación en momentos de cambio
Authors: López Melero Alejandro , Pérez Navío Eufrasio
Published: October 2023

Dada la importancia que tiene hoy en día la tecnología para nuestra sociedad, la escuela debe adaptarse para colaborar y adaptar la formación de los jóvenes. Si se quiere actuar de manera coherente se hace necesario desarrollar una implementación singular y contextualizada en las aulas ya que las decisiones que se adapten marcarán la diferencia en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, así como en los resultados que se consigan. Con el objeto de conocer cómo es dicha integración en las aulas actualmente se han realizado entrevistas a docentes que destacan por realizar sus sesiones didácticas a través de las herramientas tecnológicas que tienen a su disposición. En el presente artículo aportan soluciones a los obstáculos que encuentran los docentes para realizar dicha integración en el aula y se destaca como conclusión más relevante la falta de respaldo por parte de los órganos que componen la comunidad educativa, la ausencia de tiempo para el desarrollo de una formación continua y la debilidad de los programas de formación que se despliegan desde las instituciones educativas.
Lectura de realidad para la construcción de la propuesta del formador critico
Authors: Rangel Gutiérrez Evelia Lisset
Published: October 2023

La lectura de la realidad analizada desde sus tres dimensiones, constituye un estudio necesario para la recuperación de elementos potenciales en la formación del formador deseado. Este análisis funge como partida y base del programa de doctorado, en el cual se reconoce y se trabaja con el movimiento de la realidad, los sistemas y el todo. El docente, la escuela, el ámbito educativo, son sistemas conectados que repercuten y son repercutidos con demás sistemas de cada dimensión, de ahí la importancia de su estudio.
El formador integral a través de la complejidad transdisciplinaria
Authors: Hernández Loa Nancy Elena
Published: October 2023

La evolución educativa ha trascendido en innovación, implementación de plataformas digitales, potenciando el desarrollo de sujetos creativos e integrales que reconozcan lo importante que esto representa para escuelas normales; un formador consciente de la importancia del ser humano, relacionando el mundo de las posibilidades con la creatividad, un formador incluyente capaz de adecuar lo que crea necesario para mejorar, teniendo en cuenta realidades objetivas y subjetivas para transformar la realidad concreta, reflejo de ello, las planeaciones transdisciplinarias diseñadas e implementadas en la práctica docente.
Bioinformatics-Based Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells: A Methodological Overview of Personalized Cancer Treatment
Authors: Uslan Volkan , Chinen Ludmilla Thomé Domingos , Seker Huseyin
Published: October 2023

Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) are capable of providing valuable insights throughout the course of a patient’s disease, even during the early stages of cancer. CTCs have recently gained significant interest for their potential for advancing personalized cancer treatment studies. Despite the challenges associated with their detection and analysis, emerging bioinformatics methodologies and technologies have enhanced the understanding of these cells and their role in cancer metastasis. This paper provides a methodological overview of these bioinformatics methodologies, particularly focusing on the computational analysis of CTCs and its implications for personalized cancer treatment strategies. Additionally, the paper highlights the importance of refining current techniques and need for a further development to overcome the limitations of liquid biopsies, such as their limited sensitivity in detecting low-abundance biomolecules. With this overview, we aim to show the transformative potential of CTC analysis combined with bioinformatics, providing valuable insights for future research and clinical applications in cancer immunotherapy and personalized medicine.
Study on FSHD2 Myotube Nucleus Disease Based on Mononuclear RNA-seq Identification
Authors: Liao Zihan , Wang Virgia
Published: October 2023

Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD) is a genetic disease that leads to progressively wasting of facial, shoulder, and upper arm musculature. We performed a PCA analysis on the bulk RNA-seq datasets to observe the variances in gene expression profiles that could distinguish the impacts of genotypes and myoblast differentiation. We found out that the variance of differentiation (51.9%) was much higher than the percentage of variance of genotype difference (5.9%). Corresponding to this, we also found that only a small portion of differentially expressed genes were driven by the FSHD effect only, and the vast rest were driven by differentiation effect. These results further confirmed the difficulties in detecting FSHD induced or DUX4 downstream genes from bulk RNA-seq datasets and highlighted our downstream analysis by using a single-nucleus RNA-seq dataset to dissect the pathology in disease-associated populations.
Some Remarks on the Latest Binding of the Siya Gospel and the Origin of the Miniature “The Adoration of the Magi”
Authors: Stolyarova Lyubovj
Published: October 2023

The paper is concerned with the latest binding of the Siya Gospel of 1339 which was renovated in the 18th century. Having been extracted from the Siya Gospel, fol. 0 with the miniature “The Adoration of the Magi” could have been primarily cut to fit in a smaller codex, or to be put into the Siya Gospel without sewing or gluing. It cannot be excluded that the leaf was cut for a usage as a flyleaf in a certain codex. In the middle of 18th century the Siya Gospel obtained its present binding, for which a leaf of parchment with Empress Elisabeth’smonogram was used. It is argued that the leaf could originate from discarded materials of the Heraldmaster Office which, from the 1750s, was actively occupied with the issue of diplomas granting coats of arms and titles to nobles.
The Return of Obryuta
Authors: Kashtanov Sergey
Published: October 2023

The paper is dedicated to certain Obryuta, son of Mikhail, Grekov, who was sent in 1551 by Ivan the Terrible to Constantinople to study Greek language and writing. Obryuta returned to Russia in 1560, and he is not mentioned in the sources any more. The author analyzes the data concerning Obryuta and comes to the conclusion that Obryuta was in fact Fedor, son of Mikhail, Laskirev. The author follows the activity of Fedor in connection with ecclesiastical and international politics of the epoch. He studies the lawsuit in which Fedor was a participant, and argues that Fedor was one of the compilers of the surviving “Greek” Book of Embassies No. 1.
Frontiers in th Fate of the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Abidulin Alim
Published: October 2023

The article examines the role of border territories in the fate of the Ottoman Empire. The study of the frontier of the Ottoman Empire is relevant, as it makes it possible to realize the development of the empire throughout its existence. Special attention is paid to the consideration of the main phases of changing the boundaries of the empire. The authors identify four main phases and describe each of them. The authors carefully consider the second phase of changing the borders of the Ottoman Empire, which peaked in the first half and the middle of the sixteenth century, when the borders of the empire reached their maximum size and territories with twenty-five million people were under the control of the Ottomans. The authors indicate the reasons why there was both an increase and a decrease in the Ottoman frontiers. In addition, the article describes the types of provincial government that differed, with the constant change of borders. The authors describe the degrees of autonomy granted to the various provinces, as well as the ways in which taxes and duties were collected, which differed in different parts of the empire. The conclusion drawn in this article is that throughout its existence, the Ottoman frontiers were constantly changing, which was associated with certain factors, such as: changing the key goals of the sultans, the degree of training of troops, the use of the results of technological progress, the situation in the international arena.
Contemporary English-Language Historiography of the Decolonization of Trucial Oman
Authors: Adrianov Artem
Published: October 2023

The article provides an overview of papers published after 2000 that examine various aspects of the  decolonization process in Trucial Oman. The author identifies three schools of historical research that study these issues: the first so called “British” school explores the reasons why the British government decided on decolonization in January 1968; the second so called “Middle Eastern” school examines the main problems faced by the process of decolonization; the third so called “American” school studies the connection of the decolonization process with the regional system of international relations and global Cold War confrontation. Declassification of British documents dealing with the decolonization process in the Persian Gulf the early 2000s allowed historians to make many important discoveries and significantly improve our understanding of how the UAE were formed.
Neocolonialism as a Driver of Radicalization of Islam in Tropical African Countries
Authors: Kostelyanets Sergey
Published: October 2023

After the gaining of political sovereignty by most African countries in the 1950—1970s, the era of neocolonialism began on the continent, characterized primarily by the large-scale economic exploitation of former colonies by erstwhile metropolitan countries. In turn, the active intervention of neocolonial powers in the processes of political development of liberated African states led to the preservation of old and the emergence of new causes and prerequisites for the frequent outbreak of armed conflicts and wars, as well as the aggravation of tribal and inter-confessional contradictions. One of the manifestations of neocolonialism, which poses a major threat to the security of African countries, has been the radicalization of Islam, the number of followers of which in Africa reaches 650 million, in a number of regions of the continent. The consequence and at the same time the cause of the rapid Islamization of Africa has been the emergence of provinces (vilayats) of the Islamic State (IS, banned in the Russian Federation), which have easily been gaining the support of the poorest Muslims, dissatisfied with policies of governments that resist neocolonial exploitation either feebly or not at all. The authors of the present paper focus on the factors and circumstances of the radicalization of Islam under the conditions of neocolonial dependence of African countries that have not been sufficiently studied to date.
Russia’s Assistance to Africa in Opposing Neocolonialism
Authors: Volkov Sergey
Published: October 2023

Today, the African continent is a new center of opposition to neocolonialism and foreign expansion. African countries, having gained the independence, still cannot save themselves from the control of the former colonialists and the global hegemon — the United States. Africans consist Russia as a reliable partner, which fights consistently for the building of international relations on justice equal base. Russia, as the Soviet Union at its time, provides assistance and support for African countries in the fight against neocolonialism and imperialist exploitation. Russian-African relations are gaining new momentum amid the Ukrainian crisis. The issues of past colonialism and modern neocolonialism and the ideological content of the discourse of the anti-colonial struggle will be discussed in July 2023 within the framework of the 2nd Russia-Africa Summit, designed to give a new impetus to Russian-African cooperation.
FBI Against Terrorism: Investigation and PR
Authors: Surzhik Dmitry
Published: October 2023

Based on the study of a number of examples of politically motivated terrorist attacks and sabotage on the infrastructure of the United States in 1914—1920, the authors examine their background and impact on the development of the (Federal — since 1935) Bureau of Investigation. The authors of this article adhere to the traditional definitions of a terrorist act and sabotage accepted in domestic historical science and law. A terrorist act (terrorist act) is the commission of an explosion, arson or other actions that frighten the population and create the threat of human death, significant property damage or other serious consequences, with the aim of destabilizing the activities of authorities or international organizations or influence their decision-making, as well as the threat of committing the above actions for the same purposes . Diversion is a method of armed struggle, actions of specially prepared units (groups) or individuals in the rear of the enemy to disable military, industrial and other objects, destruction of roads and means of communication, nodes and lines of communication, objects of vital importance of population, disruption of command of troops, destruction of manpower and equipment, influence on the moral and psychological state of troops and the enemy population . The authors conclude that the administrative structure and methods of work of the Bureau of Investigation of the United States have changed due to new threats to law and order in the United States. The article is written in the problem-chronological method: politically motivated terrorist acts are examined first, followed by random (arbitrary) terrorist self-detonations, and this empirical series ends with an account of the 1916 Manhattan War Materials Depot sabotage. We consider the anarchist attacks of 1919, as well as the famous Sacco and Vanzetti case, as two of the earliest and most striking examples of political terror in the United States, to which the young Bureau of Investigation had to respond.
The Late Roman Law and Isidorian Tradition in the Anonymous Treatise on the Roman and Frankish Offices (Vat. Lat. Reg. 1050)
Authors: Marey Elena
Published: October 2023

The objectives of this article are a source study and the first critical translation of a source, known among West European scholars as the Decursio de gradibus, or “Treatise on Roman and Frankish Offices”. Palaeographical and codicological analysis permits to reveal the history of creation, the circumstances of its transfer to the Vatican Apostolic Library. The authors of the article analyze the reception of late Roman law and Isidore of Seville’s tradition by an anonymous author who compiled this source around the 7th—8th centuries. A hypothesis based on the text is insistent on ecclesiastical belonging of the well-educated anonym, as well as denominates the purpose of this source in the education of his pupils and explanation of crucial Roman offices to Frankish nobles and kins’s court.
Statutes in English Monastic Cartularies
Authors: Anisimova Anna
Published: October 2023

Medieval English monastic houses were used to compile collections of various texts important for them for some reason. There are a number of such cartularies and registers, mostly dated to the 13—15th centuries. Their contents were usually concerned with proving of ownership rights of a religious house (writs, property deeds, rentals, etc.). However, there are copies of some legislative monuments. The content analysis of such compilations allows us to determine which legislative texts were of more importance to the monastic authorities and in which context there was need to right them down. The research is based on the materials of Benedictine Canterbury Cathedral priory, as compared with compilations of some English religious houses. Legislative documents are characteristic for the cartularies of later 13th — early 14th centuries. They are usually set in a separate unit, and their repetition could indicate the authority of these texts. The most frequently reproduced legal text is that of the Magna Carta, which is often accompanied by statutes of Edward I. Thus, the preference is given to the acts contemporary to the compilation. In the Canterbury priory’s collection, these cartularies are connected with Prior Henry Eastry. The comparison with other monastic collections demonstrates that the attention to the legislation was perhaps more pronounced in Canterbury priory than in other religious houses. As a whole, monastic interest in legislative documents was quite sporadic, and it is problematic to deduce their selection logic.
Russian Red Cross Society and the Balkan Wars 1912—1913: the Test Before the Storm
Authors: Volodko Anna
Published: October 2023

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Russian Red Cross Society (RRCS) was one of the largest national organisations of the international Red Cross movement. In addition to helping victims of various disasters in Russia, medics from the RRCS helped victims of armed conflicts abroad. Following the Russo-Japanese War, serious shortcomings were identified in the Society's activities and major organisational reforms were undertaken to increase the scale and effectiveness of its work. The first humanitarian operation of RRCS outside Russia, after its reorganization, was the sending of numerous medical missions to the theatre of the First Balkan War on September 25, 1912 — 17 May 1913. During the Second Balkan War from 29 June to 29 July 1913, RRCS missions operated on both sides of the front. The increased efficiency of RRCS, the dedication and professionalism of Russian doctors allowed the Society's missions in the warring countries to successfully cope with their tasks, making up for the shortcomings of the local military-medical services to a great extent, providing aid to tens of thousands of the wounded and sick. The Balkan campaign made it possible to introduce post-reform organisational innovations on the eve of the First World War.
Helping Compatriots’: Russian Émigrés’ Charity Work in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Authors: Zivanovic Milana
Published: October 2023

Based on archival materials, the Russian emigrant press, as well as literature, the article discusses the engagement of emigrants from Russia, who arrived from 1919 to 1923 in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (from 1929 — Kingdom of Yugoslavia), in charity work with an aim to provide the assistance to their compatriots living in the country during the interwar period. The paper attempts to shed light on various aspects of their work, and its versatility. It is noted that in emigrant society a considerable number of organizations, institutions, associations — from public, humanitarian to political, military — as well as individuals, were engaged in charity work.
“When You Give Alms, Do Not Let Your Left Hand Know What Your Right Hand Is Doing”: Alms and Salvation in the Early Christian Tradition
Authors: Panteleev Aleksey
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of ideas about charity in early Christianity, Judaism and in the Greco-Roman pagan tradition. The focus is on the formation of the doctrine of “correct” alms in the New Testament texts, “Didache”, in Clement of Rome, Polycarp of Smyrna, in the “Shepherd” of Hermas, in the writings of Justin Martyr, Tertullian and Clement of Alexandria. These authors discussed questions about who and how to help, and what kind of reward awaits benefactors. At this time (1st — 2nd centuries), two discussions were going on in parallel in early Christian literature: about martyrdom “according to Christ” and about “correct” alms, and comparison of these discussions gives interesting results.
Charity in Latin America: Tradition and Modernity
Authors: Grantseva Ekaterina
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the historical traditions of charity in Latin America and their relationship with the main organizational forms of modern charity (religious, corporate, private, international). The author examines the main goals of modern Latin American charitable initiatives and the possibilities of the influence of charitable organizations on social changes in the region, and also analyzes the links between the sphere of charity, government institutions and civil societies in Latin American countries. The analysis carried out allows us to conclude that at the present stage, the scale of Latin American charity has grown, despite the difficulties and regional specifics, and the range of social problems it solves has also expanded. However, most of the philanthropic activity remains dispersed and relatively ineffective when it comes to sustainable development and activities aimed at qualitative social change. The existing positive examples in the field of charity cannot yet become widespread practices due to the lack of widespread support for charitable initiatives aimed at reducing social gaps, difficulties in interacting with the public sector and difficulties in coordinating ways to solve social problems in the Latin American region.
Formation and Development of Charitable Societies in the North Caucasus at the End of the 19th and Beginning of the 20th Century
Authors: Psihomakhova Aminat
Published: October 2023

This publication covers the activities of societies in the North Caucasus in the pre-revolutionary period Political and economic changes led to social differentiation of society and set society and the state the task of social protection of the disadvantaged segments of the population. A comprehension of the historical experience of charitable activity in Russia provides an opportunity to create new forms and directions of material and spiritual assistance to the needy. The founders were representatives of the national intelligentsia, for whom activities in the societies became one of the forms of expressing civic initiative.
Humanitarian Initiatives on the Territory of the German Empire during the First World War (on the Examples of Treatment of the Russian Civilians)
Authors: Rostislavleva Nataliya
Published: October 2023

The article presents the variety of the humanitarian aid to the Russian enemy aliens in Germany during the First World War. Compositional the author distinguishes three categories of enemy aliens: Russian subjects detained at the beginning of the war, who returned to Russia after some months; confined persons, which means detained, deported and restricted male, who stayed in Germany until the end of the war; internees, who were kept in German camps. Officially, the interests of all Russian enemy aliens were represented by the Spanish Embassy. In addition to the support of the Embassy of Spain, three areas of humanitarian assistance to Russian enemy aliens could be specificated: support from the local population and professional communities, humanitarian initiatives of the International and National Committees of the Red Cross and also actions of other philanthropic institutions. The author describes special aspects of the humanitarian aid to each category of enemy aliens. So the first category receive help from the German professional associations, international and national committees of the Red Cross. It was noted that the support of confined persons is some of the most unknown part: they received help mostly from the professional communities and the local population. The help of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), national Red Cross committees from the neutral states, Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) is applicable to the interned captive civilians. Initiatives by prince Max von Baden also took their part in supporting the internees. The article also shows the support by the English and American internees, who shared their parcels with Russian captive civilians, discovers the humanitarian actions of the Relief Committees in the internment camps. The author highlights that the perception of humanitarian aid by citizens and governments were often in conflict.
Foreign Рolicy of Vladimir Putin (2000—2018)
Authors: Cherkasov Pyotr
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the foreign policy of Vladimir Putin during his three presidential terms (2000—2004; 2004—2008; 2012—2018). During this time, Russia has managed to restore its status of a great power lost after the collapse of the USSR (if not in terms of economic indicators, then in terms of military power), and has become one of the most influential actors in international relations on a global level. On the basis of available sources — speeches by Vladimir Putin and program documents prepared on his behalf — the author tries to find answers to a number of important questions: what principles did President Putin initially lay in the basis of Russia’s foreign policy when he first took the post of head of state, what goals did he pursue, what were his foreign policy priorities and what influenced the adjustment of these goals and priorities? It is fundamentally important to elucidate the reasons that determined the turn from close cooperation between Russia and the West in the early 2000s to the resumption of confrontation, which took on increasingly sharp forms throughout the 2010s. The foreign policy of President Putin is considered in its evolution and in relation to the development of the economic and socio-political situation in Russia in the period under review.
“Negotiations with the USSR May Acquire a Broader Scope than We Can Foresee at Present”. Inclusion of Scientific and Technological Cooperation in the Agenda of the American-Soviet Detente, 1968—1972
Authors: Yungblyud Valery
Published: October 2023

The interaction of the USA and the USSR in the field of scientific research and technological exchanges was an important meaningful aspect in the history of their relations in the 1970s. The article discusses the main milestones of the superpowers’ rapprochement at the stage of forming the agenda of the American-Soviet detente. Based on the study of American and Russian documents, including the funds of the Russian State Archive of Modern History and the Russian State Archive of Economics, the goals and motives of the Nixon administration in the process of constructing the American-Soviet dialogue and the place of scientific and technological issues in this process are clarified. The differences in the approaches of Washington and Moscow to establishing a constructive dialogue are studied. There are presented materials indicating the expansion of contacts between representatives of American big business involved in the fields of high-tech and innovative production with the State Committee for Science and Technology under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, interested ministries, institutes of the Academy of Sciences, individual scientific laboratories and enterprises. Notice is given to the role of the national academies of sciences in bringing bilateral relations to a normal track. The Moscow Summit of 1972 is regarded as one of the most important events of the American-Soviet detente, which created a real basis for the formation of long-term intellectual and infrastructural ties in the world entering the era of globalization. It is concluded that in the course of negotiations American diplomacy failed to implement its plan to reach bilateral agreements based on the use of “linking” tactics, which assumed that the extension of the most-favored-nation regime in trade and access to high technologies to the USSR were conditioned by political concessions. It is noted that at all stages of the negotiations Moscow consistently defended its technological sovereignty guided by the principles of equality and equal benefits. The data of American analytical services are presented indicating the high concern of US scientists in developing cooperation with representatives of Soviet science.
“This is the Unique Capital of the Middle Ages... That Has Survived to Our Time in Comparative Integrity”: Historical Images of Prague Through the Eyes of Russian Émigrés in the 1920s and 1930s
Authors: Kovalev Mikhail
Published: October 2023

In the interwar period of 1920—1930s Prague was a recognized intellectual center of the Russia Abroad. The article analyzes the place occupied by the images of Prague and its historical heritage in the minds of Russian émigrés, how they constructed this images, how it was reflected in memoirs, letters, diaries, periodicals, scientific literature and fiction. The space of Prague was a special cultural text, formed at the intersection of various ethnic, religious and linguistic boundaries. For Russians, it was not just an urban space, but an active participant and witness to the historical process. In this regard, according to émigrés, few European cities could compare with it. The Prague urban space was perceived by Russians as the center of cultural symbols, among which a special place was given to famous architectural monuments — Charles Bridge, Prague Castle and the Church of St. Vitus, medieval streets of Malá Strana, etc. A special place is given to the analysis of the image of the Charles Bridge, which took on various guises. The bridge became an active figure, a practically protagonist of both artistic and scientific reflections. The article analyzes the influence of Prague images on the work of Russian émigrés such as Marina Tsvetaeva, Gleb Struve, Igor Severyanin, Valentin Bulgakov, Antony Florovsky, Sergey Pushkarev, etc. At the same time, it is concluded that, despite the historical charm of Prague recognized by the majority of Russians, a considerable number of émigrés perceived it as a provincial city, inferior to Moscow and St. Petersburg. It is shown that in the émigré intellectual culture there was a contradictory perception of Prague. At the same time, they wrote about it both about the center of the Slavic world, with deep historical roots, and about the cultural province of Europe. Therefore, the image of Prague was complex and contradictory. There is no doubt that the historical images of the Czech capital left a noticeable mark on the intellectual culture of the Russian emigration.
A Comparative Analysis of Medical Statistical Data of the Russian Empire: Study of the Governors’ and the Medical Department Reports
Authors: Danilov Evgeny
Published: October 2023

In this paper we make an attempt to compare quantitative data on the medical statistics of the Russian Empire derived from the Governors’ and the Medical Department reports in order to measure the level of consistency of this data and its pertinence of usage in conducting research. The study has shown that the data is relatively applicable for usage in research — with several exceptions. Moreover, Governor’s reports show a satisfactory consistency of data, despite the considerable number of mismatches with the data from Medical Department reports. Overall, although the latter show better information capacity, the former present themselves as a valuable source of data on medical statistics.
New Sources of the Text of the Life of Saint Pancratius of Tauromenia
Authors: Morugina Ksenia
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to establishing the new sources of the text of the Life of St. Pancratius of Tauromenia. As a result of the analysis, several sources of its text were identified such as the novel “Leucippe and Clitophon” by Achilles Tatius (2nd century C. E.), autobiographical poems of St. Gregory of Nazianzus (late 4th century), the “Augustan History” (Historia Augusta, late 4th — early 5th century) and, separately, the writings of ancient historians for the legend of Taurus and Menia. In addition, parallels were found with the Syriac version of the “Acts of St. John” (5th century), which, perhaps, in some cases is closer to the Life than the Greek version of Pseudo-Prochorus. A special attention in the article is paid to the literary techniques and methods that are used by the author during his work with the sources of the Life. The sources considered in this article reveal the same methods described earlier in historiography, which the author of the Life uses when working with texts from other sources. The study carried out led to the conclusion that the author of the Life of St. Pancratius was an outstanding representative of the “dark ages” period of Byzantine literature (middle of the 7th — middle of the 9th centuries) and wrote for a “classically” educated audience or customer.
Digital Twins in the Archaeological Practice: Search for New Opportunities
Authors: Senotrusova Pauline
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the problem of using digital twins in Russian archeology. The definition of the concept of “digital twin” is given. The article describes the experience of using digital technologies in archaeological research. Several approaches have been identified: the creation of digital models of objects, the development of geographic information systems, the formation of new approaches to the storage and use of data, the use of digital twins for complex research or restoration procedures. The technical and essential problems of using digital twins in archeology are emphasized.