bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sweet Cherry Breeding in Canada: 1915 to 1995
Authors: Tehrani G. , Lane W.D.
Published: March 2024

Sweet cherry breeding started at Vineland and Summerland in 1915 and 1924 and has resulted in the naming and introduction of 11 and 18 cultivars, respectively. `Victor' and `Van' were the first cultivars named from Vineland and Summerland, respectively, in 1925 and 1944. `Van' has become a popular cultivar in North America and Europe. The main objective in these breeding programs has been to develop cultivars that produce large quantities of firm-fleshed, crack-free, flavorful, large, black cherries with a range of maturity dates to extend the season of harvest. In the 1960's, the development of self-fertile cultivars was added to the objective of the programs. Already several self-fertile cultivars and advanced breeding selections have been named and introduced from Canada. The programs have also contributed to the assignment of cultivars to different pollen-incompatibility groups and verification of pedigree of sweet cherry cultivars. The impact of these long-term breeding programs in Canada and abroad will be discussed in detail.
The Wild and the Beautiful: Exotic Sources for Improving Capsicum (Pepper)
Authors: Bosland Paul W.
Published: March 2024

The genus Capsicum provides a bountiful source of extraordinary genetic diversity with which to improve the cultivated species. Approximately 23 species are recognized within the genus. Five major cultivated species are derived from different ancestral stocks found in three distinct centers of origin. Mexico is the primary center for C. annuum, with Guatemala a secondary center; Amazonian for C. chinense and C. frutescens, and Peru and Bolivia for C. baccatum and C. pubescens. Several wild species are crossable to C. annuum, the most commercialized species. Capsicum inhabits a vast array of ecological zones. The wild species furnish a variation of mating systems, plant–animal interaction, patterns of speciation, and other intriguing biological features. However, their potential value for improvement of Capsicum cultivars is under-exploited. Such genetic resources clearly deserve more intensive investigation.
إدارة البرنامج المكثف العربي وتطبيقها في جامعة تولونج أغونج الإسلامية الحكومية
Authors: خالص أحمد نور
Published: March 2024

إن هذا الموضوع الجدير يكتبه الباحث على أسباب منها أن المؤسسات التربوية الإسلامية اليوم كثيرا ما تعقد البرامج المكثفة الفعالة في ترقية جودة التربية و اللغة العربية خاصة أنها تستخدم الاستراتيجيات القوية بالهدف الواضح في مواجهة الحالة المتنافسة والتوجيه في مستقبل الزمان. لتكون فعالة في هذا العصر، قد أدارت الجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية تولونج أغونج عن وسيلة مركز اللغة برنامجا مكثفا عربيا باستراتيجية الجودة، منها بتفوق الرسالة، وتركيز الزبون واضحا، والاستراتيجية لبلوغ الرسالة، ومشاركة جميع الزبائن داخلية كانت أم خارجية في تنمية الاستراتيجية، وتقوية الموظفين بتحريك المانع والمساعدة لإصدار المساهمة على الحد الأعلى للجامعة عبر تنمية مجموعة العمل الفعالة، وكذلك تقييم وتقويم فعالية الجامعة في مواجهة الهدف الذي يرجوه الزبون. و أما المشكلات التي تواجهها المجتمع الأكادمي هيأن مقياس المهني الذي يكون مطلوبا في جميع المهن غير محققة عند تخرج الطلبة في الجامعة، وبعبارة أخرى أنها تجب أن تكون دائما في محاولة ترقية وجودة شخص القيمة لدى المجتمعخاصة في اللغة العربية. و أما منهجية البحث هو بحث كيفي ميداني )Grounded(، باستخدام المدخل الي-الكيفي-الظاهري. وهو بجمع المعلومات على الحد الأكثر عن تطبيق البرنامج المكثف العربي في الجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية تولونج أغونج.وحضور الباحث في هذا البحث بوصفه مشاهدا مشاركا. في هذا البحث بميدان البحث كان حضور الباحث فيه كباحث يعرفه الفاعل أو المخبر. أما المخبرون الذين سيدعوهم الباحث في هذا البحث هم: مدير مركز اللغة للجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية تولونج أغونج، والمحاضرون، والطلاب. والخلاصة هي أن الجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية تولونج أغونج إحدى الجامعات التي تحاول على تخريج المدرسين المتأهلين المتعمقين في اللغة العربية. وهذا بناء على الأمانة في القانون رقم 14 سنة 2005 عن المدرسين والمحاضرين في فصل 1 أن المهني هو عمل أو نشاط يقوم به شخص ويكون مصدر دخل الحياة الذي يحتاج إلى الأهلية )الصفة المؤهلة(، والمهارة، أو القدرة التي توفر مقياس الجودة أو القيمة المعينة والاحتياج إلى التربية المهنية.
النكرة والمعرفة في سورة الحجرات
Authors: Rifa'i Ahmad
Published: March 2024

الباحث سيحدّد المسألة بِ: ما هي أنواع النكرة والمعرفة التي تكون في سورة الحجرات؟ وما هو الفرق بين النكرة والمعرفة من جانب المحلّ في الجملة؟ ولِتسهيل هذا البحث سيختار الباحث المنهج المستخدم كما يلي : 1. نوع البحث 2. مصدر البيانات الذي ينقسم على البيانات الأساسية والبيانات الثانوية 3. المقاربة 4. ومنهج تحليل البيانات. والخطوات التي يستخدمها الباحث في تحليل البيانات هي : - جمع البيانات عن النكرة والمعرفة في سورة الحجرات – تفريق البيانات الموجودة – تفريق أنواع المعرفة - تبيين أنواع المعرفة في سورة الحجرات - تثبيت محلّ النكرة والمعرفة – تبيين الفرق بين النكرة والمعرفة من جانب المحلّ في الجملة. ونتيجة البحث هي النكرة في سورة الحجرات بعضها تقبل التنوين وبعضها مضاف إلى اسم المعرفة. والمعرفة في سورة الحجرات أنواعها : الضمير، اسم العلم لكن في سورة الحجرات مخصوصة بلفظ الجلالة، اسم الإشارة، الاسم الموصول، الاسم المقترن بِ (ال)، والمضاف إلى المعرفة. والفرق بين النكرة والمعرفة عمومًا هو : 1. أنّ المبتدأ لا بدّ أن يكون من المعرفة لأنه محكوم عليه، وإذا كان المبتدأ من النكرة فلا بدّ أن يؤخّر 2. أنّ الحال لا بدّ أن تكون من النكرة، وأمّا صاحب الحال لا بدّ أن يكون من المعرفة.
تطبيق طريقة الإنشاد في تعليم اللغة العربية
Authors: Ridwan Mahfudz
Published: March 2024

: لابد أن يكون لكل المعلم طريقة في عملية التعليم، ليس أقلها في عملية تعليم اللغة العربية. وأما استخدام اي الطريقة فليس إلا تسهيل تسليم المادة، لتسهيل فهمها وإتقانها من قبل الطلاب. لا توجد طريقة مثالية تكون لكل طريقة مزايا وعيوب كل مكمل بعضها البعض، وليس أقلها طريقة الإنشاد. تُعد طريقة الإنشاد مفيدة جدًا لتحسين قدرة الطلاب,ونشطهم، بحيث لا يشعر الطلاب بالملل عند استلامهم للمادة. أما عيوب هذه الطريقة فهو الحاجة إلى إشراف إضافي من المعلم، لأن القيام بالوظيفة الممنوحة ليس في الفصول الدراسية فحسب، مما يسمح بخداع الطلاب، وبالتالي الحاجة إلى طرق التعاون لخلق تعلم فعال وليس مملاً. وهذا البحث سيبحث عن ما طريقة الإنشاد في تعليم اللغة وكيف نطبقها في عملية التعليم اللغة العربية. ويستخدم الباحث الطريقة الوصفية في البحث.
كفاءة طلبة في مهارة الكتابة بين قسم اللغة وقسم علم الطبيعة بالمدرسة الثانوية الحكومية طوبان
Authors: Muzayyanah Siti Ulin Nikmah
Published: March 2024

إن كفاءة مهارة الكتابة تعتبر أهم الكفاءات اللغوية ومن الأهداف الأساسية في تعلم اللغة الأجنبية. وكانت المشكلة في تعليم مهارة الكتابة بالمدرسة الثانوية الحكومية طوبان هي ضعف كفاءة الطلبة في مهارة الكتابة. لاكتشاف السبب من تلك المشكلة فقد قامت الباحثة بالبحث الميداني عن كفاءة طلبة المدرسة الثانوية الحكومية في مهارة الكتابة، راجيا أن يكون هذا البحث حلا للمشكلات الموجودة. يهدف هذا البحث إلى شرح كفاءة طلبة المدرسة الثانوية الحكومية طوبان في مهارة الكتابة وشرح العوامل التي تؤثر على كفاءتهم. استخدمت الباحثة لهذا البحث المدخل الكمي، ونوعه دراسة المقارنة، وأسلوب تحليل البيانات المستخدم هو الوصفي الكمي. كان مجتمع البحث هو طلبة المدرسة الثانوية الحكومية طوبان، وعينة البحث هي طلبة الفصل الحادي عشر لقسم اللغة 20 طلبة، وقسم علم الطبيعة 41 طلبة، وقسم علم الاجتماع 40 طلبة. نتائج هذا البحث هي: (1) كفاءة الطلبة في مهارة الكتابة الموجهة لقسم علم الطبيعة أعلى من كفاءة طلبة القسم الآخر (2) العوامل التي تؤثر على كفاءة الطلبة هي؛ خلفية دراسة الطلبة، والمعلم، وقلة دوافع الطلبة ورغبتهم، وقلة تنوع الطرائق التعليمية والاستيراتيجية، وقلة الوسائل التعليمية. (3) حلول المشكلات هي؛ إعطاء التعلم العلاجي (Remedial).
طرق في تعليم المفردات اللغة العربية
Authors: الدين سيف
Published: March 2024

ملخص:إن المفردات عنصور من عناصر اللغة الهامة بحيث يتضمن عليها المعانى واستخدام في اللغة من المتكلم نفسه أو من الكاتب، والشخض تزدادله مهاراته في اللغة إذا ازدادت مفرداته. لأن كفاءة مهارة لغة الشخص متوقف على المفردات التي استوعب معانيها اللفظية. من أراد أن يتكلم بالعربية فاصحة فاليعرف أو يفهم المفردات الكثيرة، و كذلك في تعليم المفردات. تعليم المفردات هي مهمة لمن يريد ان يتعلم عن اللغة الثانية او اللغة الاجنبية. يتكون تعليم المفردات على كلمتين، هما التعليم و المفردات. أما التعليم هو عملية نقل المعلومات من الكتب أو من المعلم إلى المتعلم، و أم المفردات هي قائمة الكلمة. تعليم المفردات هو أساس تعليم اللغة الثانية و شرط من الشروط ليجد اللغة لكى يفهم معانيها حين يريد ان يتكلم او حين يعرض حتى يسبح قادر على إستخدامها لفهم الكتاب المقرر و التعبير أو شيئ آخر من مجال اللغة. لمعرف المفردات يحتاج إلى طرق تدريسها. و أما طرق التعليم المفردات اللغة العربية منها: طريقة المباشرة و طريقة السمعية الشفوية البصرية و طريقة تعبير الصور و طريقة التسلسل و طريقة الإيحائية.
Fa'aliyyatut Ta'limiyyah 'Abru Al-Intirnit Bisti'mali Tathbiqi Al-Watsab Wa Al-Yutube 'Ala Ta'limi Qawa'idi Al-Lughatu Al-'Arabiyyati Laday Al-Thullab Kulliyyatu Al-Iqtishad Wa Al-A'mali Al-Islamiyyati Jaami'atu Tulung Agung Al-Islamiyyah Al-Hukumiyyah
Authors: Sirad Mochamad Chobir
Published: March 2024

Along with the development of information technology, Arabic language learning as part of the national education process is required to continue to update the methodology, improvement of teaching materials materials, improvement of educational facilities and infrastructure including learning media and improving the quality of human resources of teachers in order to be professional, innovative, and competitive or competitive.This research is motivated by the importance of learning Arabic rules to be studied even in the midst of this covid-19 condition. Arabic rules really need to be applied in learning Arabic because they determine the position / tarkib sentence and many levels difficulty. Since this covid-19 virus hit Indonesia, it is required to be social distancing and independent quarantine for all people in their respective places of residence at that time. This also has an impact on the process of teaching and learning activities in various institutions, both elementary, junior high, high school and university. All are lockdowns. One way to keep learning going is through online learning. Certainly has many advantages and disadvantages felt by everyone. Applications that are easy to use for this online learning process are WhatsApp and YouTube. Due to every smartphone today must have installed these two applications.
Al-Manhaj fῑ Ta’lῑmi Al-lugah Al-‘arabiyyah ‘alᾱ Ḍau’ An-naẓariyyah Al-Binᾱiyyah
Authors: Sholeha Nur Hanifatus , Nisa Fathimah Kamilatun
Published: March 2024

Modern linguistic theories have developed based on situations and conditions produced by humans, depending on various kinds of goals to be achieved. Constructivistic theory is one of the theories of modern linguistics which is built on the awareness that the true meaning of learning is not only enough to build students' habits of listening to explanations from the teacher even though learning is carried out by the method of students memorizing and repeating lessons in front of the teacher. This theory adheres to the belief that a student is able to construct and explore information and knowledge that is within him by harmonizing the influence of the environment around him, including society and language. This theory is a form of rejection of behavioristic learning theory which emphasizes the need for students to stimulate the stimulus provided by their environment, where students do not get the opportunity to explore competence, knowledge, or experience freely. Constructivism theory believes that each individual has their own methods and characteristics in understanding information which does not rule out that it will be different from the teacher and the learning process imposed by the teacher by providing knowledge monotonously to students both through reinforcement and repetition in constructivism theory can be contradictory with what is interwoven in students' cognitive. In other words, students are active subjects who build cognitive structures with their environmental interactions. The purpose of this paper is to determine the concept of constructivist theory, the history of its development, characteristics, goals, advantages, and concept maps.
Dauru Bīati Al-lughati Al-‘arabiyati Fī Tadrīsi Al-lughati Al-‘arabiyati (Dirāsah Muta’adidati Al-hālāt Bima’hadi Al-tarbiyati Al-islāmiyati Al-hadītsati Raden Paku Trenggalek Wa Ma’hadu Darul Hikmah Al-hadīts Litarbiyati Al-islāmiyati Tulungagung)
Authors: Cahyono Machrup Eko
Published: March 2024

Arabic language environment is one of the success keys to learn Arabic language. Language environment is all of students hear and see about the target language that they learned. Raden Paku Islamic Boarding School Trenggalek and Darul Hikmah Islamic Boarding school Tulungagung are two schools which apply the Arabic language environment, therefore both of them are chosen. This research discuss about: (1) The implementation of Arabic language environment, (2) Problem in the implementation of Arabic language environment and its solution, and (3) Role of Arabic language environment in Arabic learning. Based on the structure and object of the research, this research classified as representative studies and field research. The data obtained in this study then processed qualitatively. The results of this study are: (1) The two Islamic Boarding Schools in this study implement an Arabic language environment every day. Starting with giving mufrodats in the morning, learning in the morning, compulsory conversations, providing diniyah lessons, requiring students to speak Arabic and english alternately everi week, and practicing speech in three languages. (2) The implementation of Arabic language environment in Raden Paku Trenggalek Islamic Boarding School and Darul Hikmah Tulungagung Islamic Boarding School both have problems. These problem are: many teachers were recruited from outside boarding school, chefs who serve students using Indonesion or javanese every day, new students do not speak Arabic an it takes half a year to adjust, and dormitory security personnel comes from outside boarding school and they only speak javanese and Indonesian. (3) The Arabic language environment is the key to create successful Arabic learning. The role of the arabic environment in learning Arabic in this two boarding schools is to accelerate the mastery of Arabic by the students, make the students familiar with Arabic, the student are fluent in Arabic language material quickly, and the students excel in the Arabic language.
Self-representation and Intercultural Acceptance in Comic Book Ma Voisine est Indonésienne
Authors: Firmonasari Aprillia
Published: March 2024

The research specifically examined French and Indonesian individuals’ representation from cognitive and interactional perspectives within sociocultural and sociocognitive contexts, mainly using dialogues in the comic book “Ma voisine est Indonésienne” (My Neighbor is Indonesian) by Emmanuel Lemaire. This comic strip was about the discovery of France through an Indonesian woman’s eyes and transcribes the two cultures’s encounters. The textual and structural aspects of the conversations were subject to analyses; their topical and situational dimensions were examined. NVIVO was used to support the qualitative analysis. The findings contribute to the development of a discourse analysis model of representation and perception of culturally based images or culturological models of communication, drawing heavily on Ulrike Niens’ social identity theory. The findings suggest that stereotypical conversations between the Indonesian and French characters in the comic book primarily occur within a social context, indicating that stereotyping is part of a complex dynamic process involving elements of subjectivity, collectivity, and intersubjectivity. These findings also reveal an unfavorable sociocultural representation of both Indonesian and French cultures, as 17 aggregated item codes demonstrate the representations of Indonesians are deemed unacceptable within French culture’s framework, while ten aggregated item codes indicate the representations of the French are deemed unacceptable within the Indonesian culture’s context. This implies language and cognition, influenced by prior experiences and societal norms, shape socialinteractions and contribute to stereotype creation.
Good looks, mate value, flirting capacity, and choosiness: Exploring additional pathways to singlehood
Authors: Apostolou Menelaos , Michaelidou Ellie
Published: March 2024

Many individuals are single because they encounter difficulties in attracting an intimate partner. Various factors, such as flirting capacity and self-esteem, could potentially predict singlehood. However, these factors are interconnected and have indirect associations with singlehood. The current study has attempted to identify these associations by analyzing a database derived from a sample of 1,432 Greek-speaking participants. Our analysis examined singlehood in general as well as involuntary singlehood, separately for men and women. Specifically, we have identified four pathways for women: 1) Higher mate value was associated with greater self-esteem, which, in turn, was associated with an increased flirting capacity. This was correlated with a higher probability of being in an intimate relationship rather than being single. 2) Furthermore, higher mate value was associated with increased self-esteem, which, in turn, was associated with greater choosiness. This was linked to a lower probability of being in an intimate relationship than being involuntarily single. 3) Additionally, higher scores in self-perceived good looks were associated with higher mate value, which, in turn, was associated with an enhanced flirting capacity. This was connected to a higher probability of being in an intimate relationship rather than being single. 4) Finally, higher scores in self-perceived good looks were associated with higher mate value, which, in turn, was associated with greater choosiness. This was associated with a lower probability of being in an intimate relationship than being single. On the other hand, no significant pathways were found for men.
IMPLIKATUR PADA UNGGAHAN VIDEO BINTANG EMON TANGGAL 9 OKTOBER 2020 DI MEDIA TWITTER
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Luthfiah Andini Amnah , Ichan Galuh Rahmah ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Rahmadina Nurul Izzah ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Zakiyah Millatuz ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: March 2024

The article titled "Implicative Analysis of Bintang Emon's Video Upload on October 9, 2020, on Twitter" is a study that discusses the principle of implication in Bintang Emon's video that was uploaded via Twitter on October 9, 2020. The analysis of implicature in this paper aims to find out the actual meanings of criticism conveyed by Bintang Emon regarding the phenomenon of law enforcement. We can see this from the background of Bintang Emon, who is a stand-up comedian that active in voicing his criticism of political and social issues. The research method used is qualitative that focuses on the field of pragmatic discourse analysis with a theoretical basis developed by Sperber and Wilson (2008). Through this research, the researcher finds out that the speech on Bintang Emon's video on October 9, 2020, contains the principle of implicature with contextual meaning that is influenced by situation, place, time, and environment. The video uploaded by Bintang Emon on his Twitter account on October 9, 2020, is a form of his reaction to comments regarding the issue of the Omnibus Law which has mentioned his name on various social media sites. In the video, Bintang Emon uses a form of satire as a criticism of the government. Therefore, this is the background of the implicative in his speech.
TAULADAN EYANG DJOEGO (KYAI ZAKARIA II) DAN R.M. IMAN SOEDJONO SEBAGAI PENANAMAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Malang, Sulistyorini Dwi
Published: March 2024

Eyang Djoego bernama asli Kanjeng Kyai Zakaria II atau Thay Lo Su artinya Kyai Guru Tua adalah seorang ulama keraton Mataram. Sedangkan R.M. Iman Soedjono atau Djie Lo Su artinya Guru yang kedua. Ketika wafat beliau dimakamkan di pasarean Gunung Kawi. Jasanya selalu terkenang oleh masyarakat Kesamben Blitar dan masyarakat Gunung Kawi. Meskipun sudah meninggal tetapi masih banyak dikenang akan kebaikan dan ajaran-ajaran budi pekerti luhurnya. Ajaran-ajaran itu masih diterapkan oleh masyarakat Kesamben Blitar maupun Gunung Kawi sampai dengan sekarang. Eyang Djoego dan R.M. Iman Soedjono telah mengajarkan berbagi hal yang bermanfaat kepada masyarakat sehingga membangun adanya pendidikan karakter yang dapat diterapkan. Untuk mengkaji tauladan yang diajarkan Eyang Djoego sebagai pendidikan karakter digunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya tauladan Eyang Djoego sebagai guru tua dapat digugu dan ditiru untuk dijadikan sebagai penanaman pendidikan karakter. Pendidikan karakter yang menjadi suri tauladan dari Eyang Djoego, antara lain mengajarkan sopan santun, berbagi sesama, tolong-menolong, kerukunan dan kebersamaan, dan kejujuran.
Pengembangan E-Modul Dinamika Partikel Model Guided Discovery Learning Berbasis Stem Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Dan Kemampuan Kolaborasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Nafiyanto Naufal Rafiif , Pebriana Irvany Nurita
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan e-modul dinamika partikel model guided discovery learning berbasis STEM, (2) mengetahui kelayakan e-modul hasil pengembangan,  (3) menentukan keefektifan e-modul hasil pengembangan terhadap pemahaman konsep dan kemampuan kolaborasi, dan (4) menentukan profil pemahaman konsep dan kemampuan kolaborasi setelah pembelajaran.  Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian RD dengan menggunakan model 4D. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Dikembangkan e-modul dinamika partikel model guided discovery learning berbasis STEM menggunakan model 4D (2) E-modul hasil pengembangan memenuhi skor validasi 3,25 atau dalam kategori sangat baik, (3) E-modul hasil pengembangan efektif meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dengan effect size sebesar 1,29 atau kategori tinggi tetapi belum efektif meningkatkan kemampuan kolaborasi dengan effect size sebesar 0,19 atau kategori tidak signifikan. (4) Profil Pemahaman konsep untuk aspek interpretasi dan ekstrapolasi 4,91 dan 4,22 dengan kategori sangat baik. Untuk aspek komitmen, keaktifan, tanggung jawab, dan menghargai sebesar 3,28; 3,30; 3,31; dan 3,38 dengan kategori sangat baik.
Growth and the Way Forward: a Study on Women Entrepreneurs of Kerala
Authors: Ruby S., Assistant Professor  , Biju T., Professor
Published: March 2024

The proliferation of microenterprises initiated by rural women has garnered significant attention as astrategy for generating employment opportunities and alleviating poverty across India, with a particularfocus on the state of Kerala. In order to fulfil their objectives, it is imperative for microbusinesses led byrural women, which are designed to alleviate poverty and generate employment opportunities, to sustainthemselves through the implementation of intelligent strategies. The present study represents a sincereendeavour to elucidate the progression, significance of training, and prospects of rural micro enterprisesestablished by women in the state of Kerala. The objectives of this study are to gain a comprehensiveunderstanding of the present status and growth of women entrepreneurs in Kerala, to evaluate theeffectiveness of institutions that facilitate the advancement of women entrepreneurs in Kerala, and to projectthe future potential of the female entrepreneurial community in Kerala. This descriptive study aims toexamine the evolution of women-owned businesses in Kerala prior to and during the process ofglobalisation. Additionally, it seeks to explore the training needs and future growth prospects of these firms.The present study is founded upon primary data collected from a sample of 420 registered women-ownedenterprises in Kerala. Additionally, secondary data has been sourced from various published materials, suchas journals, government publications, websites, and other relevant sources. The findings of the studysuggest that female entrepreneurs exhibit deficiencies in many managerial competencies that are crucial forthe achievement of organisational success. Hence, it is crucial that training programmes prioritise thedevelopment of managerial capabilities to effectively operate entrepreneurial entities, enhance managerialproficiency, and foster a sense of motivation towards attaining goals. The findings of this study are expectedto provide valuable insights for policymakers in formulating initiatives and policies aimed at fosteringindustrial development within the state. Specifically, the study focuses on the role of womenentrepreneurship and the strategic orientation required for such development.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Zherdova Nadiia , Todurov Ivan , Orlyk Olga , Stepura Olena , Kosiukhno Sergii , Zenkina Larysa
Published: March 2024

The article reports on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Ukrainian diabetic patients. A total of 194 patients who seeking an appointment with an endocrinologist underwent CKD screening.
Materials and methods. The mean age of the patients was 64.82±0.88 years, and the duration of diabetes mellitus amounted to 9.29±0.60 years. Of these, 53.1% were female and 46.9% were male. Out of the screened patients, 79.4% had type 2 diabetes mellitus, 3.6% had type 1 diabetes mellitus, 9.3% had prediabetes, and 7.7% had other types of diabetes. We diagnosed CKD by calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on the creatinine level using the CKD-EPI Creatinine formula and determining albuminuria as the albumin-to-creatinine ratio.
Results. Among diabetic patients, 26.8% had stage 1 CKD, 42.3% had stage 2, 21.6% had stage 3a, 8.2% had stage 3с, and 0.5% had each of stage 4 and 5. 70.6% of patients were found to have albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) A1, 21.6% – A2, and 7.7% – A3. Of these, 30.0% were at high and very high risk of developing end-stage CKD. The regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between the duration of diabetes mellitus and the level of GFR, B (95% CI) = -0.102 (-0.179/-0.26), p = 0.009, and a positive correlation with ACR, B (95% CI) = 2.87 (0.089/5.605), p = 0.043.
Conclusions. Among the examined patients with diabetes mellitus, 73.2% had stage 2-5 chronic kidney disease, and 29.3% had stage A2 and A3 albuminuria. Of these, 30% belong to the high- and very high-risk group for developing end-stage chronic kidney disease, requiring regular monitoring of glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria at least 3-4 times a year and conservative treatment. The duration of diabetes is a negative risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Hence, chronic kidney disease screening should be performed in all patients with diabetes with no exception.
РОЗВИТОК ОКСИДАНТНОГО СТРЕСУ В МІОКАРДІ ШЛУНОЧКІВ ЩУРІВ РІЗНОЇ СТАТІ В ДИНАМІЦІ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ГІПОТИРЕОЗУ
Authors: Гевкалюк Наталія , Михайлюк Віталій
Published: March 2024

Патологічні стани, викликані дефіцитом йоду, є найбільш поширені в світі синдромальні ураження неінфекційного характеру, які супроводжуються розвитком ряду патологічних процесів, зокрема серцево-судинної системи. Мета дослідження – оцінити стан пероксидного окиснення ліпідів та рівня антиоксидантного захисту в міокарді щурів різної статі в динаміці розвитку експериментальної гіпотиреоїдної кардіоміопатії.
Матеріали та методи. Дослідну групу склали 48 статевозрілих щурів, з них 24 самці та 24 самки, в яких гіпотиреоз відтворювали введенням мерказолілу (10 мг/кг). Через 5, 10 і 15 діб експерименту визначали частоту серцевих скорочень (ЧСС), показник моди інтервалу R-R (Мо), інтенсивність і тривалість брадикардії у відповідь на введення ацетилхоліну (50 мкг/кг), ступінь пошкодження міокарда шлуночків. Пероксидне окиснення ліпідів визначали за вмістом у міокарді шлуночків дієнових (ДК), трієнових кон’югатів (ТК) і продуктів, які реагують з тіобарбітуровою кислотою (ТБК-АП), стан системи антиоксидантного захисту – за активність ферментів супероксиддисмутази (СОД), каталази.
Результати. В динаміці розвитку гіпертиреозу встановлено, що через 10 та 15 днів спостереження ЧСС зменшується відносно вихідного показника в самців на 48 та 56 %, а в самок – на 52 та 63% відповідно. Приріст Мо через 10 і 15 днів склав 48 і 57% у самців, 49 і 60% у самок. Збільшувалась інтенсивність брадикардії при введенні ацетилхоліну: через 10 діб у самців і самок на 66 та 92%, через 15 діб – на 72% та в 3,3 раза. Відсоток некротизованих кардіоміоцитів у самців до 15 доби експерименту збільшився в 3,4 раза, в самок – в 4,9 раза. Експериментальна гіпотиреоїдна кардіоміопатія супроводжуються збільшенням значення ДК через 5 діб від початку згодовування мерказолілу, що в самців склало 5,2 раза, через 15 діб – 4,6 раза; у самок – 2,1 та 3,7 раза відповідно. Вміст ТК на 15 добу в самців збільшувався в 4,3 раза, у самок – в 3,7 раза. Вміст ТБК-АП переважав значення контролю самців відповідно в 3,0, 1,4 та 2,5 раза, самок – на 39%, 5%, 80% на кожному з етапів експерименту. Активність СОД на 15 добу зменшувалася в тварин обох статей: у самців у 13,1 раза, у самок – у 8,2 раза проти контролю. Активність каталази на етапах експерименту збільшувалася, у самців у 3,4 раза, в самок у 2,8 раза.
Висновки. Розвиток гіпотиреозу викликає суттєвіші порушення метаболізму в міокарді шлуночків самок, ніж у самців, і характеризується накопиченням продуктів ліпопероксидації на фоні недостатньої активності ферментів антиоксидантного захисту.
Association Between Adherence to 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Noncommunicable Disease Risk in Chinese Adults: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Siyi , Gu Yuxuan , Ali Shahmir H , Xue Jingjing , Zhang Ronghua , Wen Xu
Published: March 2024

Background

The increasing annual global deaths are attributable to noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs). Adhering to healthy lifestyle behaviors is associated with lower NCD risk, particularly among individuals with ample movement, enough sleep, and reduced sedentariness. Nevertheless, there are only few prospective assessments on the association of interactions between daily activities with NCD prevention, while the associations between adhering to Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24HGs) for adults and NCD risks are still unknown. Compared to the general population, obese and overweight populations are at a higher risk of developing NCDs. Currently, it is unclear whether the health benefits of adhering to 24HGs differ between the general population and the obese population.

Objective

This study explores prospective associations between adherence to 24HGs and NCD risks by weight status among overweight and obese adults in China.

Methods

This decadal study consists of 9227 adults aged 35 years and older without any major NCDs at enrolment in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2004-2011) and followed up until 2015. The exposure of interest was the overall score of compliance with 24HGs measured by participants’ self-report, wherein 1 point was assigned for compliance to each component, resulting in an aggregated score ranging from 0 to 3. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of major NCDs (high blood pressure, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and acute myocardial infarction). Log-binomial regression models were used to evaluate the associations.

Results

: Overall, 4315 males and 4912 females, with 25,175 person-years of follow-up, were included in our analyses. The average baseline age was 50.21 (SD 11.04) years. Among the overweight and obese groups, those adhering to 1 (risk ratio [RR] 0.37, 95% CI 0.19-0.74; P=.004), 2 (RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.19-0.72; P=.003), and 3 (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.14-0.73; P=.006) recommendations of 24HGs had a significantly lower NCD risk than those not adhering to any of the activity guidelines. Among the normal or underweight groups, those adhering to 1 (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.96; P=.03) and 3 (RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.17-0.94; P=.03) components had a significantly lower NCD risk than those not adhering to any of the activity guidelines.

Conclusions

In this prospective study, we found that active adherence to recommendations of 24HGs was associated with lower risks of NCDs, especially among overweight and obese participants. Additionally, overweight and obese individuals who met at least 1 component of 24HGs were at a significantly lower risk for NCDs, but this protective effect was not found among individuals in the normal and underweight groups. Individuals with excess body weight who tend to be more susceptible to health risks may gain greater health benefits than the general population by adhering to the recommendations of 24HGs.
The Role of Animal-Assisted Therapy in Enhancing Patients’ Well-Being: Systematic Study of the Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence
Authors: Pandey Ramendra Pati , Himanshu  , Gunjan  , Mukherjee Riya , Chang Chung-Ming
Published: March 2024

Background

Animal-assisted therapy, also known as pet therapy, is a therapeutic intervention that involves animals to enhance the well-being of individuals across various populations and settings.

Objective

This systematic study aims to assess the outcomes of animal-assisted therapy interventions and explore the associated policies.

Methods

A total of 16 papers published between 2015 and 2023 were selected for analysis. These papers were chosen based on their relevance to the research topic of animal-assisted therapy and their availability in scholarly databases. Thematic synthesis and meta-analysis were used to synthesize the qualitative and quantitative data extracted from the selected papers.

Results

The analysis included 16 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were deemed to be of moderate or higher quality. Among these studies, 4 demonstrated positive results for therapeutic mediation and one for supportive mediation in psychiatric disorders. Additionally, all studies showed positive outcomes for depression and neurological disorders. Regarding stress and anxiety, 3 studies indicated supportive mediation, while 2 studies showed activating mediation.

Conclusions

The overall assessment of animal-assisted therapy shows promise as an effective intervention in promoting well-being among diverse populations. Further research and the establishment of standardized outcome assessment measures and comprehensive policies are essential for advancing the field and maximizing the benefits of animal-assisted therapy.
Health Behavior Change Intervention Preferences Expressed by American Indian Cancer Survivors From a Southwest Tribal Community: Semistructured Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Erdrich Jennifer , Cordova-Marks Felina M , Carson William O , Bea Jennifer W , Montfort William R , Thomson Cynthia A
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

While many factors, including social determinants of health, affect cancer mortality, one modifiable risk factor that may contribute to cancer disparities is obesity. The prevalence of obesity in the American Indian/Alaska Native population is 48.1% per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The overall cancer mortality for the American Indian/Alaska Native population is 18% higher than the White population as reported by the American Cancer Society. Interventions tailored to American Indian/Alaska Native communities that promote healthy lifestyle behaviors after cancer diagnosis and prior to cancer surgery (prehab) might improve cancer outcomes for this population.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study is to characterize the lifestyle behaviors of San Carlos Apache cancer survivors and identify preferences for the adaption of a prehab intervention.

METHODS

Semistructured interviews and validated questionnaires were completed with San Carlos Apache cancer survivors (N=4), exploring their viewpoints on healthy lifestyle and cancer risk and preferences for program development. A thematic content analysis was conducted.

RESULTS

Participants had an average BMI of 31 kg/m2 and walked 53 minutes daily. The majority of participants reported a high willingness to change eating habits (n=3, 75%). All 4 reported willingness to participate in a diet and exercise program. Important themes and subthemes were identified: (1) cancer is perceived as a serious health condition in the community (N=4, 100%); (2) environmental exposures are perceived as cancer-causing threats (n=3, 75%); (3) healthy diet, exercise, and avoiding harmful substances are perceived as mitigating cancer risk (n=3, 75%); (4) barriers to healthy habits include distance to affordable groceries (n=3, 75%) and lack of transportation (n=2, 50%); (5) there is high interest in a prehab program geared toward patients with cancer (N=4, 100%); and (6) standard monitoring practiced in published prehab programs showed early acceptability with participants (N=4, 100%).

CONCLUSIONS

Collaboration with tribal partners provided important insight that can help inform the adaptation of a culturally appropriate prehab program for San Carlos Apache patients diagnosed with cancer.
Digital Health Literacy and Its Associated Factors in General Population in Indonesia
Authors: Algifari Muhammad Hafiz , Zachary Leonardo , Yuliani Rizka Prita , Aditama Hardika , Kristina Susi Ari
Published: March 2024

Digital health literacy is expected to help individuals deal with information necessary during the pandemic. The study aimed to assess digital health literacy and identify its associated factors among the general population in Indonesia. A cross-sectional online survey was used to elicit the responses of the general population (aged ≥18 years) in Indonesia from 31 March to 7 April 2022. Along with sociodemographic characteristics, the measures included 8-subscales scores on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) from the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) tools to asses Digital Health Literacy (DHL) scores. Linear regression was performed to assess the association of sociodemographic characteristics with DHL. The significance level was set at 0.05. A total of 460 respondents participated in the study. The findings show that most respondents know how to find helpful health resources on the Internet (4.13±0.56), how to use the Internet to answer health questions (3.75±0.87), what kinds of health resources are available on the Internet (3.78±0.86), and how to use the health information on the Internet to help themselves (3.67±0.78). Digital literacy is significantly associated with age (p= 0.032), education level (p=<0.001), occupation (p=<0.001), family income (p=<0.001), experience of having chronic disease (p= 0.016), use of prescribed medicine (p= 0.021) and intensity of internet use (p=<0.001). The finding indicates that DHL in the general population in Indonesia is still limited in technical ability. Improving respondents’ educational status through computer training and smartphone access, and perceived usefulness was necessary to improve digital health literacy skills in evaluating the quality of the information so that respondents feel confident in using information from the Internet to make health decisions.
Study on the Influence of Government Key Customers on the Enterprise “from Real to Virtual”
Authors: Xu Jiawei
Published: March 2024

Taking China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020 as samples, this paper studies the influence of government background key customers on the financialization of real enterprises. The research finds that the government background big customers reduce the degree of financialization of real enterprises; The heterogeneity test found that, compared with state-owned enterprises, the inhibition effect of big customers with government background on the financialization of real enterprises was more significant in non-state-owned enterprises and industries with fierce competition; The mechanism test found that the government background large customers suppressed the financialization of real enterprises by easing the financing constraints and improving the net profit level. Research shows that the government, as a major customer of enterprises, is an important means to give play to the visible hand of the government, which can effectively reduce the level of financialization of real enterprises and promote high-quality economic development, and can be an important starting point for the country to prevent systemic financial risks.
ATUAÇÃO DE PSICÓLOGOS NO ATENDIMENTO À PESSOA SURDA
Authors: Scalcon Gizeli , Martins Helen Beatriz , Pieczkowski Tania Mara Zancanaro
Published: March 2024

Mesmo quando duas pessoas ouvintes interagem, pode haver fragilidades na comunicação entre elas. Para a pessoa surda, a situação se acentua, podendo produzir o sentimento de ser um estrangeiro em seu próprio país, o que gera exclusão. Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa de graduação, cujo objetivo geral é analisar como acontece a atuação de psicólogos diante de demandas de atendimento às pessoas surdas em Chapecó/SC. Do objetivo geral derivam os seguintes objetivos específicos: identificar como acontece a qualificação profissional do psicólogo para o atendimento clínico às pessoas surdas; identificar que desafios o psicólogo encontra no atendimento às pessoas surdas; compreender como se dá o vínculo psicoterapêutico entre paciente surdo e psicólogo. A pesquisa é de caráter qualitativo, e para o levantamento dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, adotando-se a técnica de Bola de Neve. As entrevistas foram transcritas na íntegra e examinadas por meio da análise de conteúdo, com inspiração em Bardin (2016). Portanto, neste texto, abordamos discussões acerca da surdez no seu entrelaçamento com a psicologia. Frente às buscas realizadas tanto com as entrevistadas quanto em campos de publicações científicas, é perceptível a necessidade de inclusão de pessoas surdas nos atendimentos psicoterapêuticos, visando a qualidade de vida e preservando a dignidade de cada uma.
La enseñanza del Derecho Procesal Penal desde el constructivismo antiformalista
Authors: Perilla Granados Juan Sebastian Alejandro
Published: March 2024

Anti-formalist constructivism is a legal-educational approach that arises from the combination of different theoretical proposals developed in the global north and accepted in the Latin American reality. Through three fundamental premises for its application, it is expected that criminal procedural law can be taught linking the preconceptions of those who learn, so that from a validation process it is possible to build authentic interpretations with a sense of practical utility. For this, the implementation of performance tests that contain problems without exact answers is proposed, contributing to each student having the possibility of strengthening the development of competences from and for the professional reality of the practice of law.
Nose to Brain Drug Delivery System
Authors: Pawar Rohan
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The treatment of brain disorders is particularly challenging due to the presence of a variety of formidable obstacles to deliver drugs selectively and effectively to the brain. Blood-brainbarrier (BBB) constitutes the major obstacle to the uptake of drugs into the brain following systemic administration. Intranosedelivery offers a non-invasive and convenient method to bypass the BBB and delivery of therapeutics directly to the brain. The review discusses the potential of intranoseroute to deliver drugs to the brain, the mechanisms and pathways of direct nose to brain drug transport, the various factors influencing transnosedrug absorption, the conventional and novel intranosedrug delivery systems, the various intranosedrug delivery techniques and devices, and examples of brain drug transport that have been feasible in treating various brain disorders. Moreover, products on the market, investigational drugs, and the author’s perceptions about the prospect of intranosedelivery for treating brain disorders are also been discussed.
Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Pupuk Kalium Nitrat dan Magnesium Sulfate Terhadap Hasil Tanaman Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis var. Microcarpa L.)
Authors: I Ketut Suda Armawan  , Ni Komang Alit Astiari  , Ni Putu Anom Sulistiawati
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis kalium nitrat dan magnesium sulfat terhadap produksi jeruk siam (Citrus Nobilis Var. Microcarpa L.) dan interaksinya yang dilakukan di Desa Bayung Gede Kecamatan Kintamani Kabupaten Bangli. Kabupaten dari bulan Desember 2021 sampai Juli 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor yang disusun secara faktorial. Faktor pertama yang dicoba adalah dosis pupuk kalium nitrat (K) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu: K0 (0 g/pohon), K1 (250 g/pohon), K2 (500 g/pohon) dan K3 ( 750 g/pohon). . . Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk magnesium sulfat (M) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu: M0 (0 g/pohon), M1 (5 g/pohon), M2 (10 g/pohon) dan M3 (15 g/pohon). /pohon). Dengan demikian terdapat 16 kombinasi perlakuan yang masing-masing diberikan 3 kali, sehingga dibutuhkan 48 pohon jeruk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi dosis pupuk kalium nitrat dengan pupuk magnesium sulfat (KxM) tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua variabel yang diamati. Bobot buah per pohon tertinggi diperoleh pada dosis pupuk kalium nitrat 750 g/pohon yaitu 11,53 kg, meningkat 96,75% jika dibandingkan tanpa pupuk kalium nitrat yang hanya 5,86 kg. Sedangkan perlakuan pupuk magnesium sulfat memperoleh bobot buah panen per pohon tertinggi pada dosis 15 g/pohon yaitu 10,17 kg, meningkat 30,05% jika dibandingkan dengan pupuk magnesium sulfat yang hanya 7,82 kg.
Investigating The Psychopathy Shown by Emma in The Bad Seed Film by Rob Lowe
Authors: Ni Putu Eka Aristayanti  , I Gusti Agung Sri Rwa Jayantini  , Putu Nur Ayomi
Published: March 2024

A literary work can be converted into another format, for instance, a film. In filmmaking, the themes taken are derived from our depiction of life. Therefore, a film can raise a psychological theme that discusses one of gripping psychology like personality disorders. One of the personality disorders that often heard of is psychopathy. Through the characters in the film, a psychological perspective of a psychopath is displayed. This research aims to analyze the type of psychopathic behavior depicted by Emma Grossman as the main character in The Bad Seed (2018) film directed by Rob Lowe. The author used a qualitative method in describing the analysis of psychopathic behavior experienced by the main character. In investigating the type of psychopathy on Emma, the theory proposed by Millon and Davis (1998) was applied. Based on the research, Emma's enviousness which turns into revenge and several background personality of her psychopathy match the type of Malignant Psychopath. In addition, this research is expected to provide awareness of psychopathy behavior.
An Analysis of Types of Setting in Literature to Construct Plot in Sherlock Holmes Movie
Authors: Darmayanti Ni Putu Eka , Jayantini I G. A. Sri Rwa , Juniartha I Wayan
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to analyze the types of setting and to discuss of how the setting constructs the plot. The data of this study were taken from Sherlock Holmes movie. The theories used in this study are theory proposed by Kenney (1966) to determine the setting of the movie and the theory proposed by Klarer (2004) to analyze the plot construction. Based on Kenney’s theory, setting can be divided into two types, namely: neutral setting and spiritual setting. The findings of this study related to the neutral setting showed there are 3 types such as setting of place was found 20 (62,5%), setting of time was found 4 (12,5%) and setting of environment was found 6 (18,75%). As for spiritual setting, it was found only 2 (6,25%). Furthermore, based on the analysis of how the setting constructs the plot in the movie, it can be concluded that the data for the construction of plot there are 4 types which are exposition was found 1 (10%), complication was found 4 (40%), climax was found 4 (40%) and resolution was found 1 (10%).