bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Tuberculosis preventive treatment among people living with HIV: A cross-sectional survey in selected regions of Tanzania
Authors: Alexander Felix Christopher , Mshiu Johnson Jeremia , Rushaigo Anelisa Martin , Mgina Erick Josephat , Wiketye Victor Enock , Mtundi Segere Chacha , Haule Sylvia Thomas , Katende Michael Kipenda , Evarist Esther Manka , Kapama Luciana Charles , Shemdoe Aloisia Ibrahim , Makasi Charles Elias , Lolakeha Majaha Melkisedeck , Minja Victor Kenedy , Kimbute Omary Abdallah , Stephen Kunda John , Range Nyagosya Segere , Maokola Werner Meinrad , Ngowi Bernard James , Nyigo Vitus Alberto , Kilale Andrew Martin
Published: August 2024

Background

Tuberculosis remains a significant global health concern, especially for People Living with HIV, who are at an increased risk of severe TB disease. Despite the availability of TB Preventive Treatment, knowledge gaps persist among People Living with HIV regarding its importance, accessibility, and administration. The study aimed to assess TPT knowledge levels and determinants among People Living with HIV in Tanzania.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to May 2023 in 12 regions of mainland Tanzania. The study included PLHIV aged 18 years and above, receiving HIV care in selected Care and Treatment Centers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics and Tuberculosis preventive treatment knowledge. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses were employed for data analysis.

Results

Out of the 391 People Living with HIV interviewed, 71.4% demonstrated adequate Tuberculosis preventive treatment knowledge. Female participants, those attending urban health facilities, and individuals with longer durations of HIV care exhibited higher Tuberculosis preventive treatment knowledge levels. However, knowledge disparities persisted based on demographic characteristics such as gender and location of health facilities.

Conclusion

While a considerable portion of People Living with HIV demonstrated adequate higher Tuberculosis preventive treatment knowledge, addressing gaps among those with lower understanding is crucial. Targeted education campaigns tailored to the needs of People Living with HIV, especially in rural areas and among male populations, are essential. Collaborative efforts between national health programs and community organizations are vital to integrate Tuberculosis preventive treatment awareness effectively into comprehensive HIV care programs, ultimately reducing the burden of Tuberculosis among People Living with HIV and the general population.
Effectiveness of a community-centered Newcastle disease vaccine delivery model under paid and free vaccination frameworks in southeastern Kenya
Authors: Ogolla Kennedy O. , Anyona Douglas N. , Chemuliti Judith K. , Kimani Winnie W. , King’oo Francisca M. , Waweru Kennedy M. , Omia Dalmas O. , Nyamongo Isaac K. , Bukachi Salome A.
Published: August 2024

In the absence of effective drugs, vaccines constitute the cornerstone for the prevention of Newcastle disease (ND). Different strategies have been implemented to increase vaccination, but uptake remains low, underscoring the need for novel vaccine delivery methods. We designed and assessed the effectiveness of a community-centered ND vaccine delivery model in southeastern Kenya. Under the model, we sensitized smallholder chicken farmers (SCFs) through structured training on chicken husbandry, biosecurity, ND, and its vaccination, among other aspects. We subsequently engaged trained community vaccinators (CVs) to deliver vaccines and/or provide vaccination services to SCFs at a cost on one hand and, at no cost on the other, in selected sites to address challenges of inadequate service providers, vaccine unavailability, and inaccessibility. We tested this model under paid and free vaccination frameworks over one year and assessed the model’s effect on vaccine uptake, ND-related deaths, and vaccine accessibility, among other aspects. Overall, we vaccinated more chickens at free sites compared to paid sites. However, we vaccinated a significantly higher mean number of chickens per household at paid (49.4±38.5) compared to free (28.4±25.9) sites (t = 8.4, p<0.0001). We recorded a significant increase in the proportion of SCFs who vaccinated their chickens from 31.3% to 68.4% (χ2(1, N = 399) = 58.3, p<0.0001) in paid and from 19.9% to 74.9% (χ2(1, N = 403) = 115.7, p<0.0001) in free sites pre- and post-intervention, respectively. The mean number of ND-related deaths reported per household decreased from 18.1±31.6 pre-intervention to 7.5±22.3 post-intervention (t = 5.4, p = 0.000), with higher reductions recorded in paid sites (20.9±37.7 to 4.5±11.2) compared to free sites (15.0±22.6 to 10.7±29.7) pre- and post-intervention, respectively. Farmers with access to vaccines increased significantly from 61.1% to 85.4% (χ2(1, N = 399) = 31.7, p<0.0001) in paid and 43.6% to 74.9% (χ2(1, N = 403) = 38.4, p = 0.0001) in free sites pre- and post-intervention, respectively. We established that type of intervention framework, gender of household head, if the household head attended training on chicken production in the last 12 months, access to information on ND vaccination, and the number of chickens lost to the previous ND outbreak were significant predictors of ND vaccine uptake. Our findings indicate the model has a broader reach and benefits for SCFs. However, policies should be enacted to regulate the integration of CVs into the formal animal health sector.
Identifying the determinants of tourism receipts of Thailand and relevant determinant-determinant interactions
Authors: Khemthong Suree , Luenam Pramote , Frank Till D. , Ingsrisawang Lily
Published: August 2024

The study examined the determinants that affect tourism receipts in Thailand. To this end, quarterly data from eight main provinces of Thailand from the period 2015–2019 were used and constituted a repeated measures design. Accordingly, a generalized linear mixed model was applied for developing two different random intercept models by treating 1) province, and 2) a combination of province and calendar quarter as cluster-specific effects. It was found that determinants that increased tourism receipts were the number of visitors, the average cost per day, the length of stay of visitors, the presence of low-cost airlines, and a relatively low offence rate. Moreover, an increase in the number of visitors in the fourth quarter produced a higher amount of additional receipts as compared to a similar increase in the first quarter. Specifically, for Thailand attracting high-spending tourists and extending tourist visas for more than 30 days is recommended. Beyond Thailand, uncovering interaction effects as described above may help tourism agencies to focus their limited resources on the determinants that matter.
Effects of prenatal exercise interventions on maternal body composition: A secondary analysis of the FitMum randomized controlled trial
Authors: Roland Caroline Borup , Seyedhosseini Parisa , Knudsen Signe de Place , Jessen Anne Dsane , Jensen Ida Karoline Bach , Bendix Jane M. , van Hall Gerrit , Molsted Stig , Alomairah Saud Abdulaziz , Løkkegaard Ellen , Stallknecht Bente , Clausen Tine D.
Published: August 2024

The main objective of the study was to investigate the effects of prenatal exercise interventions on maternal body composition at 28 weeks gestation and 7–14 days after delivery. We also explored associations between physical activity (PA) per se and body composition. This study presents secondary outcomes of the FitMum randomized controlled trial, which included healthy inactive pregnant women at gestational age ≤ 15+0 weeks. They were randomized to structured supervised exercise training, motivational counselling on PA, or standard care. Maternal body composition was measured by doubly labeled water at 28 weeks gestation (n = 134) and by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan 7–14 days after delivery (n = 117). PA, including moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), active kilocalories, and steps, were measured continuously from inclusion to delivery by a wrist-worn activity tracker. One hundred fifty pregnant women were included with a median pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 24.1 (21.6–27.9) kg/m2. We found no differences between groups in fat mass, fat percentage or fat-free mass at 28 weeks gestation or 7–14 days after delivery. Visceral adipose tissue mass and bone mineral density measured 7–14 days after delivery did not differ between groups either. Linear regression analyses adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI showed that a higher number of daily steps was associated with lower fat mass, fat percentage, and visceral adipose tissue mass at 28 weeks gestation and 7–14 days after delivery. Active kilocalories during pregnancy was positively associated with fat-free mass 7–14 days after delivery. Neither structured supervised exercise training nor motivational counselling on PA during pregnancy affected maternal body composition at 28 weeks gestation or 7–14 days after delivery compared to standard care. Interestingly, when adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI, higher number of daily steps was associated with lower fat content during pregnancy and after delivery, whereas MVPA and active kilocalories were not.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT03679130; 20/09/2018.
Lactate dehydrogenase can be used for differential diagnosis to identify patients with severe polytrauma with or without chest injury—A retrospective study
Authors: Yan Weining , Bläsius Felix , Wahl Tabea , Hildebrand Frank , Balmayor Elizabeth Rosado , Greven Johannes , Horst Klemens
Published: August 2024

Background

Chest injury is an important factor regarding the prognosis of patients with polytrauma (PT), and the rapid diagnosis of chest injury is of utmost importance. Therefore, the current study focused on patients’ physiology and laboratory findings to quickly identify PT patients with chest injury.

Method

Data on 64 PT patients treated at a trauma center level I between June 2020 and August 2021 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into a PT group without chest injury (Group A) and a PT group including chest injury (Group B). The relationship between chest injury and the patients’ baseline characteristics and biochemical markers was analyzed.

Results

Heart rate, respiration rate, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, glutamate oxaloacetate aminotransferase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), leucocytes, hemoglobin (Hb), platelets, urine output, lactate, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in groups A and B exhibited statistically significant differences at certain time points. Multifactorial analysis showed that blood LDH levels at admission were associated with chest injury (P = 0.039, CI 95% 1.001, 1.022).

Conclusion

LDH may be a promising indicator for screening for the presence of chest injury in patients with severe polytrauma.
Polatuzumab vedotin combined with bendamustine and rituximab for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Eslami Mohammadreza , Mehrabi Mahdi , Payandeh Mehrdad , Saba Fakhredin
Published: August 2024

Background

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtype with a significant relapse rate and poor prognosis in relapsed/refractory (R/R) patients. Polatuzumab vedotin in combination with bendamustine and rituximab (Pola-BR) has demonstrated promising efficacy and safety as salvage therapy for R/R DLBCL. This systematic review protocol aims to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of Pola-BR for the treatment of R/R DLBCL by synthesizing data from relevant randomized controlled trials.

Methods

This protocol details the eligibility criteria, search strategy, study selection, data extraction, and analysis methods for the systematic review. Randomized controlled trials comparing Pola-BR with other interventions for R/R DLBCL will be included. The primary endpoint is overall survival, with secondary endpoints being progression-free survival and incidence of adverse events. A comprehensive search will be conducted across databases such as Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, ProQuest, EU Clinical Trials Register, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and ClinicalTrials.gov from the January 2000 to April 2024. To assess the potential risk of bias, the Cochrane Risk of Bias 1 tool will be used. Data synthesis will utilize fixed-effect or random-effects models, and subgroup and meta-regression analyses will examine heterogeneity. Additionally, publication bias and sensitivity analyses will be performed, and the GRADE approach will be applied to assess the certainty of the evidence.

Conclusion

This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol provides a rigorous framework for evaluating the efficacy of Pola-BR in the treatment of R/R DLBCL. The results will inform clinical decision-making and guideline development, addressing the unmet need for effective and tolerable treatments for this challenging patient population. Potential limitations and biases will be acknowledged, and future research directions will be discussed.
Survey of antimicrobial and probiotic use practices in wildlife rehabilitation in the United States
Authors: Miller Elizabeth A. , Amato Rachel , Ponder Julia B. , Bueno Irene
Published: August 2024

Antimicrobial resistance is a global health concern. As such, there have been increased efforts to monitor and standardize antimicrobial prescribing practices in humans and domestic animals. In contrast, there is relatively little known about specific prescribing practices in wild animals despite the wide use of antimicrobials and other microbial interventions, such as probiotics to treat captive wildlife. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine current antimicrobial and probiotic use from a cross-section of wildlife rehabilitation facilities in the United States. An anonymous electronic survey was sent to 105 United States permitted wildlife facilities to collect information about admissions, current antimicrobial and probiotic use practices, and current staff knowledge and attitudes surrounding antimicrobial resistance and probiotic effectiveness. Respondents from over 50% of facilities participated in the survey (54/105), including 45 facilities that treated birds. All facilities reported using antimicrobials, including some from groups considered critically important for human medicine, for a wide range of medical conditions and prophylaxis. Among antibiotics, enrofloxacin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were the most commonly used. Antifungals were not as widespread, but itraconazole was the most commonly used. Over 75% of respondents said that their facilities would benefit from having standardized antimicrobial guidelines in place. Probiotics were also used in more than 50% of facilities, but there was notable disparity in opinions regarding their efficacy. The results of this survey are a first step towards understanding antimicrobial and probiotic use practices in the treatment of captive wildlife and developing an antimicrobial stewardship program for wildlife rehabilitation.
The occupation of Iraq, and two decades of environmental degradation
Authors: Al-Azzawi Souad N.
Published: August 2024

The American and British administrations invaded Iraq in a forceful military operation, culminating in the occupation of the country on 10 April 2003. Two decades later, Iraq continues to grapple with the economic, social, security and environmental repercussions of three ensuing conflicts stemming from this occupation. This article provides a preliminary assessment of the environmental impacts arising from the occupation forces’ use of excessive and indiscriminate firepower, the employment of tens of thousands of heavy tanks and artilleries and their traffic, over five hundred military bases and the 600 battles of the counter-insurgency war. The damaging effects of all of these destructive events on the semi-arid, fragile soil and ecosystem in Iraq have been profound. The contamination with radioactive, hazardous and toxic materials from explosives and war remnants, along with the collapse of the environmental protection system, have all resulted in serious degradation of quality-of-human-life parameters and the natural ecosystem.
Indictment of the U.S. Federal Government, Senan Shaibani (2024)
Authors: MacDonald Leslie T.
Published: August 2024

Review of: Indictment of the U.S. Federal Government, Senan Shaibani (2024)

Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 276 pp.,

ISBN-13 979-8-82301-672-8, h/bk, USD 19.94

ISBN-13 979-8-82301-671-1, e-book, USD 6.99
O olhar turístico drone: Investigando paisagens e autorrepresentação
Authors: Kunz Jaciel Gustavo
Published: August 2024

A tecnologia dos drones introduz novas imagens na experiência turística contemporânea. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo explorar a relação entre a paisagem e a autorrepresentação dos fotógrafos, mediada pelo olhar drone, especificamente as dronies (selfies com drones). Este artigo é conceitual e empírico, adotando uma abordagem predominantemente exploratória e qualitativa. O corpus compreendeu o universo de fotografias no site especializado Skypixel com a hashtag #dronies e seus respectivos metadados. Não é de surpreender que, em termos de características da paisagem, o ambiente mais comum seja o campo. Este estudo analisa fotografias turísticas inspirando-se nas teorias semióticas de Roland Barthes. O revezamento entre fotografia e legenda predomina. O studium é mais comum do que imagens pungentes; o primeiro pode revelar a intencionalidade do fotógrafo em tornar as paisagens um espetáculo. A análise de emoções também aponta para sentimentos positivos entre os espectadores. Nas dronies ocorre uma justaposição entre a autorrepresentação dos turistas e as características da paisagem, no interstício do qual emerge o conceito de olhar drone. Esse olhar é uma proposta nossa. Embora resultante de uma combinação de teorizações anteriores, tal olhar é distinto por incluir mobilidade e compartilhamento online como fatores relevantes desde o início. Também podemos observar tanto rupturas quanto continuidades com selfies convencionais.
Hackatour Cataratas - Evento de Inovação no Turismo
Authors: Da Luz Elaine Cristina , Domareski Ruiz Thays , Silva Natalia Cristina , Silveira Carlos Eduardo
Published: August 2024

O hackathon é um evento de curta duração, colaborativo e intensivo de programação, design e desenvolvimento de soluções criativas para problemas específicos ou desafios propostos. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o conceito do evento de inovação – hackathon –, com estudo de caso do evento Hackatour Cataratas. A metodologia é exploratória e descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, com estudo de caso. Os hackathons são interessantes para o setor de turismo, porque oferecem a oportunidade de desenvolver soluções com a participação de profissionais de diferentes áreas. Considerando especificamente o Hackatour Cataratas, foi possível identificar impactos positivos, como o desenvolvimento de soluções inovadoras e tecnológicas, no estímulo ao empreendedorismo. O evento incentivou a criação de novas empresas e startups no setor de turismo, por meio do desenvolvimento de ideias e projetos que possam ser transformados em negócios, na atração de investimentos, ao apresentarem soluções inovadoras, as equipes participantes podem chamar a atenção de investidores interessados em apoiar projetos no setor de turismo. O evento ocorre desde 2015, em Foz do Iguaçu e/ou online e já teve 12 edições, com temáticas específicas a cada ano. Por fim, podem contribuir para a melhoria da experiência do turista, tornando a viagem mais agradável, segura e eficiente. O artigo contribui, principalmente, com o avanço na discussão sobre a inovação dos eventos e seu impacto no mercado do turismo
Estimating tomato production losses due to plant viruses, a look at the past and new challenges
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Mario , Aispuro-Hernandez Emmanuel , Quintana-Obregon Eber Addi , Vargas-Arispuro Irasema del Carmen , Martinez-Tellez Miguel Angel
Published: August 2024

This review analyzes the available technical and scientific reports addressing tomato crop losses and discusses the ponderable characteristics for estimating losses caused by Tomato Infecting-Viruses. The tomato around the world represents an important economic aspect, it has positioned as a crop that contributes to the gross domestic product and is essential to achieve food security in some regions. Viral diseases are one of the main causes of economic losses and tomato production, due to the easy dissemination of viral particles, difficult detection, and the few options to combat virus diseases. Tomato Infecting-Viruses such as ToBRFV, TLYCV, TSWV, and TMV are some of the most important viruses due to their ability to cause losses. Abiotic factors must be considered to estimate losses with greater precision and biotic factors, restricted mainly to insects, have an important role in the virus dispersion and adaptation to new niches not studied yet. Viral infections in tomato crops can reach 100% and reported losses are between 2 and 10%. There are no recent official statistics on economic losses due to tomato viruses, the main limitation is to extrapolate and accurately predict today's losses with data from the past decade. The main challenges for estimating the economic impact of viral diseases in tomato crops lie in the omission by growers and authorities on the presence of viral symptoms and the product value in the market. Considering the absolute value of tomato cultivation economic losses by virus diseases should be around 2 to 5% annually.
Hacia la modelación del clima urbano y contaminación atmosférica en el Valle de México: una visión a partir de mi relación profesional con el Dr. Ernesto Jauregui
Authors: Jazcilevich Diamant Aron
Published: August 2024

Uno de los temas de mayor interés del Dr. Ernesto Jáuregui fue el de la interacción entre los usos del cambio de suelo derivados de los procesos de urbanización y los fenómenos atmosféricos. Sus trabajos en estos temas fueron pioneros en ciudades tropicales. Si bien temas como la observación objetiva de la Isla de Calor Urbana, así como cambios en los regímenes de lluvias y temperatura urbanos ocuparon la mayor parte de su trabajo, su interés de colaborar con grupos de modelación computacional del clima, tiempo y contaminación atmosférica fue también importante. Reconoció la gran valía de estos métodos para ampliar el conocimiento, y su gran experiencia ayudó a proponer temas como el efecto en la atmósfera por la desaparición de zonas lacustres en el Valle de México. A partir de esta experiencia, varios trabajos han seguido este camino que él promovió. Así tenemos estudios que aquí se presentan con cada vez con mayor resolución espacial y temporal, y con mejores parametrizaciones físicas, que describen los fenómenos de convergencias e interacciones valle-montaña que se dan en el Valle de México.
También se presentan trabajos que retoman el tema de las zonas lacustres, y la investigación de lo que sucede en la atmósfera cuando se les recupera, tema que llamó la atención de Ernesto.
En este trabajo incorporamos nuestras últimas investigaciones usando modelos altamente especializados en usos de suelo urbano para seguir el camino trazado por el Dr. Ernesto Jáuregui, y dilucidar el efecto del cambio de coberturas superficiales en la atmósfera. Así mismo, se incluyen otros trabajos acerca de estas interacciones como el caso del transporte de partículas del suelo de zonas agrícolas, así como por la introducción masiva de techos naturados en una zona de la CDMX.
Me atreví a incorporar trabajos de mis alumnos en temas como el del efecto de emisiones vehiculares en microambientes. Como Ernesto fue un citadino usuario del automóvil, nos hubiera gustado conocer su opinión de estos aportes.
El clima cambiante y los consumos domésticos de agua en ciudades de México
Authors: Magaña Víctor , Ábrego Góngora Carlos Joel , Méndez Antonio Baldemar
Published: August 2024

La provisión de suficiente agua potable para consumo doméstico en urbes mexicanas como Guadalajara, Monterrey o la Ciudad de México es un gran reto. Con una población que ha crecido significativamente desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, las demandas de agua aumentan más rápido que la oferta. Los consumos urbanos de este recurso están determinados por factores socioeconómicos como la población, el nivel de ingresos, o la infraestructura hidráulica, pero también por condiciones climáticas. El acceso al agua en ciudades de México es desigual, pues tiende a consumir más quien más recursos económicos tiene. El clima también es importante en el consumo de agua, pues el factor temperatura máxima es un modulador de la demanda y su efecto es detectable en los periodos más cálidos del año, previo al inicio de la temporada de lluvias de verano. Lo anterior hace pensar que la formación de islas de calor urbanas (ICU) pudiera incrementar la demanda y los consumos de agua. Sin embargo, en grandes ciudades de México, estos consumos per cápita tienden a disminuir en décadas recientes porque la provisión de este recurso no aumenta al ritmo con que crece el número de usuarios. Así, el principal modulador climático de los consumos de agua es la sequía meteorológica, pues su ocurrencia da como resultado una baja disponibilidad de agua y, con frecuencia, sequía socioeconómica. Por lo tanto, una mejor gestión hídrica urbana debe incluir estrategias de uso de información climática, en donde se priorice la provisión a las ciudades.
Miller, D. (2023). The Good Enough Life Londres: Polity
Authors: Marcó del Pont Lalli Raúl
Published: August 2024

Miller, D. (2023). The Good Enough Life Londres: Polity. 280 pp. ISBN 978-150-955-965-7 (Paperback)
Rodríguez-Avial Llardent, L. Irastorza Ruigómez, L y Escauriaza Lázaro, J. L. de (2023). En defensa de la prolongación de la Castellana. El proyecto que pudo cambiar el Norte de Madrid
Authors: Longato Davide
Published: August 2024

Rodríguez-Avial Llardent, L. Irastorza Ruigómez, L y Escauriaza Lázaro, J. L. de (2023). En defensa de la prolongación de la Castellana. El proyecto que pudo cambiar el Norte de Madrid. Colegio de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos y Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid Madrid, 455 pp. ISBN 978-84-88496-03-4
Orozco, V. (2022). Cómo recorrer una ciudad sin despertarla
Authors: Montiel Rogel Alma Patricia
Published: August 2024

Orozco, V. (2022). Cómo recorrer una ciudad sin despertarla. México: Coordinación de Difusión Cultural, UNAM. 93 pp. ISBN. 978-607-30-7039-3
The Impact of Oil Price Changes, Economic Growth, Financial Development and Trade on Iraq’s Economy
Authors: Aziz Hemin T. , Wali Hemn A. , Abbas Ali A.
Published: August 2024

This research article investigates the profound and multifaceted impact of oil price volatility on Iraq’s economy. As a nation heavily reliant on oil exports, Iraq’s economic stability is intricately tied to fluctuations in global oil prices. This study employs VAR-VECM approaches using annual time series data from 1969 to 2020. According to the findings, changes in oil prices have a positive impact on economic growth but the volatility adversely affect it. Further findings revealed that improvements in Iraq’s financial development and trade have positive effects on economic growth. It was further revealed that GDP recovers from oil shocks in the 1st lag and from trade in the 3rd lag while GDP does not recover from financial development shocks. However, no causality was found between oil prices, economic growth, financial development and trade. The study concludes that when oil prices are high and stable, Iraq experiences robust economic growth due to increased government revenue and investment in infrastructure and public services. The study findings suggests that the Iraq government should strengthen regulatory frameworks and institutions, modernize banking systems, develop capital markets and promote financial inclusion to stir significant improvements in economic growth from its financial development initiatives. The government should also implement trade policy reforms, trade facilitation and streamlining procedures and diversify export markets so as to boost the positive benefits of trade leading to substantial improvements in economic growth. To mitigate the negative impact of oil price volatility, Iraq must diversify its economy and reduce its reliance on oil exports.
FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE MODEL OF THE INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE NON-STATE SECTOR IN THE SPHERE OF SOCIAL SERVICES
Authors: Petrushevskaya Viktoria ,   SEI HPE “Donetsk Academy of Management and Civil Service under the Head of the Donetsk People's Republic”, Evteeva Svetlana ,   SEI HPE “Donetsk Academy of Management and Civil Service under the Head of the Donetsk People's Republic”
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the organization of the model of an inte-grated system for the development of the non-state sector in the field of social services in the Donetsk Peo-ple's Republic (DPR). The organization of this model is proposed by regulation of the existing social programs (projects), first of all by reducing their number, as well as maximal integration within several program-platforms of all present general and targeted social assistance programs. The study revealed that today in the DPR in public institutions social services are provided free of charge, and the programs in them are targeted, allowing us to conclude that the social services sector as a whole is characterized as ac-cessible to the citizens of the DPR. However, due to the economic instability, in was taken into account that in the conditions of instability there is a risk of such services becoming limited for certain categories of the population in terms of lack of funding. The interpretation of the obtained results and the possibilities of their use is important in making management decisions, both in public authorities and in institutions of the non-state sector of the Donetsk People's Republic, contributing to the development of the system of so-cial protection of the population as a whole.
IMPROVING COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION OF LEAN MANUFACTURING TOOLS FOR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Krivorotov Vadim ,   Ural Federal University, Kalina Alexei , Trushkov Timur ,   Ural Federal University,   Ural Federal University
Published: August 2024

This article studies the introduction of lean production tools in the economic activities of a construction company. Taking into account international experience, the principles, tools, and mechanisms of lean manufacturing are considered. The prerequisites and features of the introduction of lean manufactur-ing tools to Samolyot, a large Russian construction company, are analyzed. The assessment of the first re-sults of the impact of lean manufacturing on the financial and economic indicators of the company is given. Using a dynamic assessment of the competitiveness of the company, a comparison of the competitiveness of Samolyot and PIK, the largest Russian construction company, was carried out. The competitiveness of Samolyot for the end of 2022 is calculated and its improvement due to the introduction of lean production tools is shown.
AN APPROACH TO THE DEMOGRAPHIC TYPOLOGY OF REGIONAL MARKETS FOR GERONTOMARKETING DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
Authors: Astashova Yuliya ,   South Ural State University, Demchenko Aleksandr ,   South Ural State University
Published: August 2024

Population aging is a global trend and has a long-term impact on the development of consumer markets. This study systematizes the characteristics of aging and develops a universal approach to the typology of aging regional consumer markets. The authors conducted a country and regional analysis of the age structure of the population and the aging of society. Using demographic analysis and forecasting, five types of markets are identified and, in accordance with the proposed typology, the countries and regions where they are typical were identified. The results show the prospects for developing gerontomarketing in regional markets and its implementa-tion in business marketing strategies. The approach to the demographic typology of regional markets is based on an analysis of market devel-opments in the context of an aging population. The results can be used by enterprise marketing services to de-velop marketing strategies in international and regional markets. The relationship between the development of markets for goods and services for older consumers and long-term demographic indicators has been determined. In the first half of this century, gerontomarketing will become a key business concept and will determine the practice of marketing activities in most countries and regions of the world.
PERBANDINGAN SAR DAN SARQR PADA PEMODELAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNGAN MANUSIA DI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2022
Authors: Hapsery Alfisyahrina , Hermanto Elvira Mustikawati Putri , Aprilia Yohanita Uniyantri
Published: August 2024

The Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the indicators created to measure the success of human quality of life. Central Java is one of the provinces that has experienced a significant increase in HDI in recent years. However, the rankings of its regencies/cities have not shown significant changes. This study aims to model the HDI in Central Java based on the factors that influence it. The data used for modeling the HDI are secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Central Java, encompassing 35 regencies/cities in Central Java. The analysis in this study employs spatial analysis, specifically Spatial Autoregressive (SAR). Given the potential spatial effects at certain quantiles of the independent variables, the appropriate analysis is Spatial Autoregressive Quantile Regression (SARQR), which combines the SAR method with quantile regression. The best model from the study results is the SAR model, with factors influencing the HDI in Central Java including Population Percentage, Labor Force Participation Rate, Crime Rate, and Average Non-Food Expenditure. The cities of Semarang, Salatiga, and Surakarta have the highest HDI values at each quantile, ranging from the 0.10 quantile to the 0.90 quantile.
Improvement in scar appearance with the usage of silicone gel containing vitamin C for pediatric Asian patients
Authors: Kim Si Youn , Yang Eun Jung , Kim Yong Oock
Published: August 2024

Background Silicone gel has been introduced as a preventive measure for scarring, yet there is limited objective evidence supporting its effectiveness in the healing of pediatric traumatic scars. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of silicone gel enriched with vitamin C on facial scars in Asian pediatric patients.Methods Pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years who underwent debridement and primary repair for simple facial lacerations were included in this study. A topical silicone gel mixture containing vitamin C was applied from the time of stitch removal until 6 months post-operation. Scars were evaluated at baseline, 1-, 3-, and 6-month post-application using a simplified version of the Vancouver Scar Scale, which assessed vascularity, pigmentation, and height. Scar color and pigmentation were quantified using a spectrophotometer, with comparisons to the symmetrical area on the opposite side of the scar. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Student t-test and repeated-measures analysis of variance, with post hoc testing for pairwise comparisons.Results Of the participants, 33 were men, and 19 were women. By 6 months, there was a significant improvement in the scar score on the Vancouver Scar Scale across all parameters. The erythema index showed a statistically significant decrease at each timeline (P<0.001). Similarly, the melanin index demonstrated a significant difference between the baseline and 6 months (P<0.001).Conclusions The topical application of silicone gel containing vitamin C significantly improved the appearance of fine surgical scars on the face in Asian pediatric patients.
Batwing-shaped de-epithelialization technique: a case report
Authors: Kim Yun Jung , Kim Young Seok , Roh Tai Suk , Yun In Sik , Min Kyunghyun
Published: August 2024

For women with extremely ptotic breasts, achieving optimal aesthetic outcomes with implant-based breast reconstruction following nipple-sparing mastectomy presents significant challenges. Traditional mastopexy designs may be considered; however, they often lead to nipple-areola complex necrosis due to inadequate blood supply. We propose a novel approach to breast reconstruction that involves skin de-epithelialization to minimize excess mastectomy skin flap, combined with simultaneous contralateral reduction mammoplasty. This technique effectively preserves circulation to the nipple-areola complex while delivering satisfying aesthetic results, offering a viable solution for managing the complexities associated with large, ptotic breasts in patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy.
Late seroma complication in a breast augmentation patient with fibrin accumulation: a case report
Authors: Yang Heewoong , Park Jun Ho
Published: August 2024

Breast implant surgery is one of the most commonly performed aesthetic surgery around the world. Late seroma is a well known complication that is linked to breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). However, there are some clinically confounding cases of late seroma that present with BIA-ALCL like symptoms. Here we report a case of a 30-year-old female patient who underwent bilateral breast augmentation that presented with a late seroma case with symptoms matching that of BIA-ALCL–abrupt swelling and pain–that was later diagnosed as abnormal accumulation of fibrin.
Exosomal miR‐106a‐5p derived from intermittently hypoxic non‐small‐cell lung cancer increases tumor malignancy
Authors: Ren Jie , Jin Zhuan , Huang Yongjie
Published: August 2024

Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which is related to tumorigenesis and progression. We explored the possible mechanisms by which OSA may promote the development of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, NSCLC cells with and without miR‐106a‐5p inhibition were exposed to IH or room air (RA), and subsequently, exosomes were extracted and identified. Macrophages were incubated with these exosomes to detect the expression of the STAT3 signaling pathway and M2‐type macrophage markers, as well as the effect of the macrophages on the malignancy of NSCLC cells. A nude mouse tumorigenesis model was constructed to detect the effects of exosomal miR‐106a‐5p on M2 macrophage polarization and NSCLC cell malignancy. Our results showed that IH exosomes promoted the polarization of M2 macrophages, thereby promoting the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of NSCLC cells. Further, Based on microarray analysis of RA and IH exosomes, we discovered that miR‐106a‐5p, transferred to the macrophages through exosomes, participated in this mechanism by promoting M2 macrophage polarization via down‐regulating PTEN and activating the STAT3 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. For patients with NSCLC and OSA, exosomal miR‐106a‐5p levels showed a positive relation to AHI. Exosomal miR‐106a‐5p represents a potential therapeutic target among patients with concomitant cancer and NSCLC.
Wissenschaft und prähistorische Forschung in fünf politischen Systemen. Robert Rudolf Schmidt (1882–1950) und die SS-Grabung Mauern 1937 bei Rennertshofen
Authors: Schöbel Gunter
Published: August 2024

Der Gründer des ersten freien und nichtstaatlich finanzierten Forschungsinstitutes für Ur- und Frühgeschichte in Deutschland im Jahre 1921, des UFI in Tübingen, Robert Rudolf Schmidt, verdient es, für eine bislang wenig beachtete Schlüsselphase seines Lebens nach seiner Entlassung aus dem Universitätsdienst im Frühjahr 1934 noch einmal betrachtet zu werden. Und dies, obwohl seine Person schon mehrfach aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht bewertet wurde

Bolus/Conard 2012; Fehr 2008, 99f.; Heiligmann 1992, 30–32; Häck 2020; Hülle 1951; Kater 1974, 80f.; Keefer 1992; Kimmig 1958; 1992, 16f.; v. Koenigswald/Müller-Beck/Pressmar 1974; Müller-Beck 2000; 2011, 123f.; Leube/Hegewisch 2002; Leube 2013; Strobel 2000, 20–42; 2010; Veit 2006; Schöbel 2001; 2002; 2011; 2012, 9f.; 2022; Vojkffy in: Zotz 1955, 9–12; propyläum vitae https://sempub.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeum_vitae/de/wisski/navigate/7913/view).

. Neue Dokumente aus Privatarchiven ergänzen seine Forscher-Vita und sind geeignet, unter anderem Blickwinkel fachlich bereits vorgebrachte Narrative zu seiner Person erneut zu beleuchten. Dies trifft besonders auf die unter ihm vorgenommene Ausgrabung in den paläolithischen Höhlen von Mauern bei Rennertshofen in Bayern zu, die sich bislang einer genaueren Nachschau entzogen hatte. Er war bei seinem wissenschaftlichen Wirken im 20. Jahrhundert in fünf politischen Systemen tätig. Im Kaiserreich (bis 1918), in der Weimarer Republik (bis 1933), im Nationalsozialismus (bis 1945), in der Alliiertenzeit (bis 1949) und in seinen letzten Lebensmonaten in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (ab 1949), deren Anforderungen er sich stellte, deren Spielräume er für seine prähistorische Forschung zu nutzten versuchte, an denen er aber mehrfach scheiterte.
Making Verse in a Precarious Language: Poetry in Late 19th-Century Ukrainian Culture between Silence and Music, Present and Future
Authors: Achilli Alessandro
Published: August 2024

In this article, I analyze instances of Ukrainian poetry written between Taras Ševčenko’s death and the establishment of modernism that deal with the theme of the precarity of Ukrainian literature as a consequence of the lack of a Ukrainian nation in those times. On the basis of examples drawn from the works of Pantelejmon Kuliš, Lesja Ukrajinka, Mychajlo Staryc’kyj, Borys Hrinčenko, Volodymyr Samijlenko, Volodymyr Šaškevyč, and Ivan Franko, I aim to show how Ukrainian poets of the second half of the 19th century tended to imagine the Ukrainian community as belonging to the past and/or the future, while its presence and its agency in the present are made impossible by imperial subjugation, hence making communication, including literary, impossible or powerless. In the final part of my article, I also reflect on the complex nexus between aesthetic judgment and the re-evaluation of Ukrainian literary history.
Effect of aerobic intermittent exercise on the decreased cognitive ability induced by PM2.5 exposure in rats
Authors: Wang Zhongwei , Qin Fei , Wu Dongzhe , Xu Minxiao , Cui Shuqiang , Zhao Jiexiu
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of aerobic intermittent exercise on cognitive impairment by PM2.5 exposure.

Methods

Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary, exercise, sedentary + PM2.5 exposure, and exercise + PM2.5 exposure. The exercise groups underwent 8 weeks of exercise training (5 days of exercise per week). Subsequently, PM2.5 exposure groups were subjected to PM2.5 for three weeks. Post-exposure, we assessed cognitive abilities (shuttle box test), hippocampal tissue structure, related inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), the protein of inflammatory responses mechanism (P65, IκκB) and cognitive-related protein levels (BDNF, Aβ-42).

Results

PM2.5 exposure caused cognitive impairment, abnormal histopathological changes, reduced cognitive related protein and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Analysis of shuttle box test data revealed significant main effects on the passive avoidance latency times measured in rats (p<0.05). Aerobic intermittent exercise improves spatial learning decline in rats induced by PM2.5. Conversely, the Exercise + PM2.5 group demonstrated a significant reduction in latency of 24.9 % compared to the Sedentary + PM2.5 group (p<0.05, ES=1.41).

Conclustion

Aerobic intermittent exercise may help in protecting against the decrease of cognitive ability induced by PM2.5 exposure.
Building capacity to govern emerging climate intervention technologies
Authors: Dove Zachary , Jinnah Sikina , Talati Shuchi
Published: August 2024

Capacity building is needed to enable effective and inclusive governance of emerging climate intervention technologies. Here we use solar geoengineering (SG) as a case of an emerging climate intervention technology to highlight the importance of focusing attention on building capacity to govern these and similar technologies. We propose the concept of “governance capacity building” to help focus research and practice toward building and strengthening the knowledge, skills, tools, practices, or resources needed to govern SG. Centrally, we argue that “governance capacity building” is needed to enable multiple types of actors to contribute to all stages of the governance process, should be owned by recipients, and aimed toward building long term and durable forms of capacity. These capacity building efforts must center climate vulnerable communities and countries that stand to gain or lose the most from decisions about whether and how research and deployment of these technologies will move forward. To ensure governance capacity remains with these populations over the long term, governance capacity building should embrace a new model of capacity building envisioned primarily by actors in the Global South. We use these insights to demonstrate that gaps and limitations in how capacity building is understood in the SG governance literature and implemented in practice are stifling the potential for capacity building to enable effective and inclusive governance in the SG issue area. To help rectify this, we chart a path toward building successful governance capacity building programs for climate intervention technologies.
Social Commerce Success Impact on Business Performance Insight From TikTok Shop Phenomena in Indonesia
Authors: Ardiansah Muhammad Noor , Azizah Asmaul , Sadida Afiat
Published: August 2024

Purpose : Social commerce has revolutionized as a more interactive business platform beyond e-commerce, but there are still limited studies on its success and impact on TikTok Shop’s performance case as the most popular social commerce. This study investigates the determinants of success in the framework of Delone and Mclean’s information system success model, which was developed by attributing its impact on TikTok Shop’s business performance.Method : The research was conducted on Generation Z users and entrepreneurs who use TikTok Shop as an essential part of business in Indonesia, using SEM analysis through the stages of outer model, inner model, goodness fit, and hypothesis testing.Findings : The results show that the usage level is indicated by system quality and trust, while user satisfaction is indicated by information quality, service quality, and trust, which affect the success of TikTok Shop and positively influence the seller’s business performance. Social media transformation into social commerce requires consideration of usage and user satisfaction as determinants of system success that practically affect the seller’s business performance. Novelty : The study proposes the trust variable as an extension of Delone and Mclean’s ISSM and examines its direct relationship with multidimensional seller performance so that it can be developed to enrich the existing model.