bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of non-metallic impurities and defects through radar measurements
Authors: Nüssler Dirk , Krebs Christian , Brauns Ralf
Published: April 2024

The detection of non-metallic impurities and defects during the production of food is a critical task for every inspection system. Through recall campaigns caused by the contamination of food during the production process can corrupt the good reputation of companies for a long time. To minimize the risk a huge number of sensor technologies is implemented. The spectrum of sensors starts from the optical region over sensors in the infrared region to x-ray systems. The main disadvantage of most of the systems is the inability to detect non-metallic contaminations inside a product. The paper describes the possibilities of modern radar systems to fulfill these tasks.
A framework for storage, visualization and analysis of multispectral data
Authors: Irgenfried Stephan , Negara Christian
Published: April 2024

In this paper we describe our database centered workflow for acquisition, enrichment, long-term storage and webbased analysis of multi- and hyperspectral image data and measurement metadata. We propose a standardized way of storing large amounts of measurement data using a hybrid approach consisting of a relational database and direct file access through a common data access layer. Data import and export is performed by either using proprietary file formats like ENVI or by using an universal XML-based data format. To allow preview and analysis of image data, a web-based application has been developed which supersedes the need for client-side installation of tools like MATLAB to perform spectral or spatial analysis of the data while still allowing third-party applications to retrieve data from the database to perform in-depth analysis like automated filter design. Successful implementation of the workflow is demonstrated by the example of rapid application development for mineral sorting.
MEMS based systems and their applications in NIR spectroscopy for materials analysis
Authors: Grüger Heinrich , Pügner Tino , Knobbe Jens , Schenk Harald
Published: April 2024

Spectrometers and spectrographs based on scanning grating monochromators are well-established tools for various applications, for example analysis of organic matter. As new applications came into focus in the last few years, there is a demand for more miniaturized systems. The future spectroscopic devices should exhibit very small dimensions and low power consumption. A spectroscopic system with a volume of only (15 × 10 × 14) mm3 and a few milliwatts of power consumption, that has the potential to fulfill the demands of the upcoming mobile applications, has been developed. The approach is based on two major improvements. First, resonantly driven MEMS (micro electro mechanical systems) scanning grating chip, which provides also two integrated optical, slits and piezoresistive position detection has been used. Second, hybrid integration of optical components by highly sophisticated manufacturing technologies was applied. One objective is the combination of MEMS technology and a planar mounting approach, which potentially facilitate the mass production of spectroscopic systems and a significant reduction of cost per unit. The optical system design as well as the realization of a miniaturized scanning grating spectrometer for the near infrared (NIR) range between 950 nm and 1900 nm with a spectral resolution of 10 nm is presented. The MEMS devices as well as the optical components have been manufactured and first samples of the spectroscopic measurement device have been mounted by an automated die bonder. First application close measurements on organic matter have been performed and will be discussed.
Luminescence- and reflection spectroscopy for automatic classification of various minerals
Authors: Hofer J. , Huber R. , Weingrill G. , Gatterer K.
Published: April 2024

Fundamental studies for sensor based sorting on several industrially relevant minerals and a lead containing glass sample are presented. The examined minerals were: Talc, Magnesite, Calcite, Fluorite, Scheelite and Chalcedony. The methods of investigation were UV-VIS-NIR reflection spectrometry between 200 - 2500 nm and UV induced solid state fluorescence measurements with excitation between 200 - 380 nm and emission detection between 400 - 900 nm. A common quenching mechanism for UV-induced fluorescence is discussed. Artefacts and sources of error for solid state luminescence measurements are mentioned.
Reflection and transmission Raman spectroscopy for the chemical characterization of solid materials
Authors: Ostertag E. , Oelkrug D. , Kessler R.
Published: April 2024

This paper compares Raman intensities from reflection (XR) and transmission (XT) setups for the chemical characterization of solid materials. The suitability of measuring the Raman radiation for deep probing of the inner volume of turbid matter is discussed from a theoretical and an experimental point of view.
Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Household Activities: A Case in Bogor Indonesia
Authors: Al Zahroh Dina Naba , Hidayat Aceng , Irfany Mohammad Iqbal
Published: April 2024

Climate change is a result of global warming. Global warming is caused by an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. One of the largest GHG-contributing sectors is the energy sector, which includes households with various activities. Household activities include using LPG, electricity, gasoline, waste generation, and farming and livestock activities to meet the household's needs. The level of GHG emissions produced in households is influenced by income, years of study, and knowledge of emissions. The objectives of this study are to estimate the amount of GHG emissions generated from household activities, analyze the factors that influence GHG emissions, and estimate the value of the carbon economy. The analytical methods used are quantitative descriptive analysis, IPCC (2006) method, multiple linear regression, and economic value analysis. The results showed that: (1) CO2-eq emissions generated in Sinarsari Village for 100 respondents amounted to 32,011.68 kg CO2-eq/month, and the amount of GHG emissions in one village scope amounted to 853,431.36 kg CO2-eq/month. (2) Income, length of study, and emission knowledge dummy influence GHG emissions. 3) Carbon economic value based on carbon pricing is Rp287,415,199.70/month.
Hot Apps: Recalibrating IP to Address Online Software
Authors: Stein David
Published: April 2024

Intellectual property (IP) and consumer software have fallen out of sync. Software IP rules developed during an era of installable software, which has high upfront costs and is easy to copy. IP rights helped companies recoup their upfront costs by granting them the exclusive right to make and sell copies. Limits on IP protection for software were designed to foster competition by letting market entrants copy the interfaces of incumbent products. Online, the economics of the software industry are inverted. Online software has low upfront costs and is not susceptible to copying, rendering existing IP protections unnecessary. Meanwhile, limitations designed to promote competition now allow incumbents to raise barriers to entry by copying from newcomers. In sum, today’s IP regime exacerbates concentration and depresses innovation in markets for online consumer services. Given the growing role online services play in data collection, commerce, and communication, these broken incentives have far-reaching effects. Fixing these incentives is urgent. Policymakers and commentators blame online concentration on structural market failures and turn to antitrust remedies for solutions. But this pervasive narrative focuses on a symptom, not the cause. This Article argues that tech concentration is an artifact of IP law’s failure to keep up with technology. This Article proposes a program for IP reform: replace the trade-motivated aspects of software IP law with expanded trade regulation. Drawing on common law misappropriation as a model, it sketches one politically pragmatic implementation approach. Beyond this Article’s focus on software innovation, it serves as a case study describing the mechanics behind a law falling out of sync with technology. As such, it may help policymakers avoid similar legislative and regulatory pitfalls as they regulate emerging and fast-changing technologies.
AGRICULTURAL WASTE AS A PANACEA FOR HIGH COST OF ELECTROCHEMICAL DOUBLE LAYER SUPER-CAPACITOR AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY STORAGE SOLUTION: A REVIEW
Authors: Babuje A.U. , Diso I.S. , Adamu A. A.
Published: April 2024

Supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors or electrochemical capacitors, are energy storage devices that store and release energy quickly. They are used in various applications, including renewable energy systems, electric vehicles, and electronics. Using agricultural waste as a source for supercapacitor’s electrode materials is an innovative and sustainable approach that holds promise for addressing the high cost of these materials. Agricultural wastes, such as crop residues, husks, shells, and other byproducts, often presents challenges in terms of disposal and environmental impact but have proven to be a good precursor material for the synthesis of electrochemical super capacitor’s electrode. By repurpose these waste materials for supercapacitor electrodes, the high cost of the electrode will be reduced and hence the overall cost of the supercapacitors.
Factors Contributing to the Accuracy of PET Scans in Detecting Cancer Metastases in Cairo Hospitals, Egypt
Authors: Sayeed Fatmah
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Positron emission tomography  (PET) has become an important diagnostic tool in oncology, providing metabolic information that can aid in the detection and evaluation of cancer. However, the accuracy of PET scans in detecting cancer metastases can be influenced by various factors, including the type of cancer, location of metastases, and image acquisition protocol. This study aims to evaluate the factors that influence the accuracy of PET scans in detecting cancer metastases in patients at Cairo Hospital, Egypt.
Methods: Patient data were collected retrospectively. A total of 5000 research subjects participated in this study. Data were analyzed to identify factors associated with false-positive or false-negative PET scan results.
Results: Patients with lung or colorectal cancer were 2.45 times more likely to experience accurate positive PET scan results than patients with other types of cancer. Patients with metastases in lymph nodes were 1.93 times more likely to experience accurate positive PET scan results than patients with metastases in solid organs. Patients with a long PET scan image acquisition protocol were 1.78 times more likely to experience accurate positive PET scan results than patients with a short image acquisition protocol.
Conclusion: PET scan is a valuable diagnostic tool in oncology, but its accuracy in detecting cancer metastases can be influenced by various factors. These factors should be considered when interpreting PET scan results and to improve cancer diagnosis and management.
Utilization of Biopsy-Guided CT Scan in Diagnosing Liver Cancer: A Case Study
Authors: Susanti Cindy , Agnes Mariska
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Liver cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Indonesia and has a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of liver cancer is very important to increase the patient's chances of recovery. Biopsy-guided CT scan is an effective method for diagnosing liver cancer.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 55 year old man with a history of chronic hepatitis B who presented with complaints of right upper abdominal pain and weight loss. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly and ascites. Investigations, including abdominal ultrasound and liver function tests, showed a mass in the liver. CT scan of the abdomen with contrast showed a hypodense mass in the right hepatic lobe. A CT-guided liver biopsy was performed and the histopathological diagnosis was hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The patient then underwent partial resection hepatectomy and chemotherapy.
Conclusion: Biopsy-guided CT scan is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Dynamic Knowledge Graphs: A Next Step For Data Representation?
Authors: Kau Amanda
Published: April 2024

Integrating temporal data into static knowledge graphs

Author

Amanda Kau

(ORCID:

0009–0004–4949–9284

)

Introduction Knowledge graphs (KGs) have proven to be an effective method of data representation that is increasingly popular. In KGs, entities and concepts are represented as nodes, while the relationships between nodes are depicted as edges.
Two Numbers
Authors: McGaugh Stacy
Published: April 2024

Cosmology used to be called the hunt for two numbers. It was simple and elegant. Nowadays we need at least six. It is neither simple nor elegant. So how did we get here? The two Big Numbers are, or at least up till the early-90s were, the Hubble constant H  0  and the density parameter Ω. These told us Everything. Or so we thought. The Hubble constant is the expansion rate of the universe.
Crater 2: the Bullet Cluster of LCDM
Authors: McGaugh Stacy
Published: April 2024

Recently I have been complaining about the low standards to which science has sunk. It has become normal to be surprised by an observation, express doubt about the data, blame the observers, slowly let it sink in, bicker and argue for a while, construct an unsatisfactory model that sort-of, kind-of explains the surprising data but not really, call it natural, then pretend like that’s what we expected all along.
La Fin de Quoi?
Authors: McGaugh Stacy
Published: April 2024

Last time, I addressed some of the problems posed by the radial acceleration relation for galaxy formation theory in the LCDM cosmogony. Predictably, some have been quick to assert there is no problem at all. The first such claim is by Keller &
DTM’s Remembering Vera
Authors: McGaugh Stacy
Published: April 2024

I wrote my own recollection of Vera Rubin recently. Her long time home institution, the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism (DTM) of the Carnegie Institution of Washington recently held a lunch in her honor. Unfortunately my travel schedule precluded me from attending. However, they have put together a wonderful website that I recommend to everyone.
Ode to Vera
Authors: McGaugh Stacy
Published: April 2024

Vera Rubin passed away a few weeks ago. This was not surprising: she had lived a long, positive, and fruitful life, but had faced the usual health problems of those of us who make it to the upper 80s. Though news of her death was not  surprising  , it was deeply saddening. It affected me more than I had anticipated, even armed with the intellectual awareness that the inevitable must be approaching.
Solution Aversion
Authors: McGaugh Stacy
Published: April 2024

I have had the misfortune to encounter many terms for psychological dysfunction in many venues. Cognitive dissonance, confirmation bias, the Dunning-Kruger effect – I have witnessed them all, all too often, both in the context of science and elsewhere. Those of us who are trained as scientists are still human: though we fancy ourselves immune, we are still subject to the same cognitive foibles as everyone else.
Simulations of the operation of the fast light innovative regional train from “Serbian Railways” in traction and electric braking mode
Authors: Gavrilovic Branislav , Baboshin Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2024

In the paper, the MATLAB-Simulink model of simulation of operation of the fast light innovative regional train from “Serbian Railways” in traction and braking mode is exposed where changes are observed: stator currents of three-phase traction motors, traction electric motor speeds and electric multiple units, electromagnetic torque on the rotor shaft of the traction electric motor, and direct current bus voltage. The model allowed review of the listed parameters for: different allowed values of contact network voltage and total voltage distortion at the place of connection of the electric multiple unit to the contact network; different mechanical loads of the electric multiple unit and traction electric motor; and different train speeds and rotations of traction electric motors. Appropriate conclusions were made through the analysis of the simulation results obtained.
Media pressure and Body Image Depression (BID) among Chinese high school students: The serial mediating effects of future goals and self-esteem
Authors: Yu Xide , Xian Tulong , Chen Guanli , Huang Zhenshen , Lin Xuan , Liu Huan
Published: April 2024

Based on “stress coping” and “self-determination” theory, the present study aims to explore the potential intervention path of media social pressure affecting body image depression in Chinese high school students by examining the relationships between four variables: media social pressure, future goals, self-esteem, and body image depression (BID). The study sample comprised 825 high school students from four middle schools in Guangdong and Yunnan provinces, aged between 14 and 19 (M ± SD = 15.87 ± 0.98). The results showed that, first, 57.7% of the surveyed high school students had different degrees of BID, and that the girls’ BID score was significantly higher than that of boys (t = -8.69, p < 0.001). Second, media pressure significantly positively predicted BID in high school students. Third, future goals and self-esteem were shown to play separate mediating roles between media stress and BID. Fourth, the indirect effect between media stress and BID was found to be realized through the chain mediating effect of future goals and self-esteem. The implications as well as the shortcomings and prospects of the present study are also discussed.
El trabajo multidisciplinario: herramienta clave para la Pediatría basada en evidencia
Authors: Salvatierra Guillermo , Huby María del Pilar , Granados-Guibovich Katia , Tomas-Gonzales Zulema
Published: April 2024

La medicina basada en evidencia es un proceso que busca integrar la evidencia generada por la investigación y la práctica clínica diaria, con el fin de optimizar los resultados para los pacientes (1). Se ha demostrado que su aplicación mejora la atención del paciente, específicamente en los estándares de cuidado y la comunicación médico-paciente (2). A pesar que la pediatría ha usado evidencia científica como base para sus prácticas por años, también se conoce que muchas intervenciones usadas diariamente son producto del conocimiento empírico, lo que potencialmente genera déficits en la calidad del cuidado provisto a los pacientes (3,4).   La práctica basada en evidencia puede ser lograda de una mejor manera cuando es aplicada por equipos multidisciplinarios, que involucren no sólo médicos, sino un trabajo en conjunto con enfermeras, psicólogos, nutricionistas, epidemiólogos, ingenieros, biólogos, entre otros (5). Sumado a ello, actualmente existe un incremento anual de pacientes que requieren el apoyo de una coordinación compleja para el control y manejo de enfermedades y discapacidades. Los pacientes pediátricos con alguna complejidad médica sin duda requieren de equipos multidisciplinarios que permitan abordar sus necesidades de atención (6).
Patógenos bacterianos causantes de sepsis neonatal en Perú: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Gonzales Antony , Obando Vera Sebastian , Bobadilla Sergio
Published: April 2024

La sepsis neonatal es una importante causa de mortalidad a nivel mundial, con una presentación clínica heterogénea que dificulta su diagnóstico temprano. En Perú, representa la principal causa de muerte en lactantes menores de un año, siendo Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo identificada como el patógeno causal más frecuente. Sin embargo, la caracterización microbiológica y el análisis de resistencia bacteriana en la población neonatal peruana aún es limitada. El objetivo fue determinar las características microbiológicas y el perfil de resistencia de los microorganismos causantes de sepsis neonatal en Perú. El estudio se llevó a cabo siguiendo las Directrices PRISMA y el protocolo fue registrado en PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews; CRD42024506552). Se realizó la búsqueda en "PubMed/MEDLINE", "LILACS", “SciELO”, “Scopus” y "Web of Science", de manera sistemática, desde su inicio hasta el 16 de febrero del 2024. Se evaluó la calidad mediante la lista de verificación de la Agencia para la Investigación y Calidad de la Atención Médica (AHRQ) para estudios transversales y la escala Newcastle-Ottawa para estudios de cohortes. De 647 estudios identificados, 15 se seleccionaron para evaluación completa. Se incluyeron seis estudios en el análisis final, abarcando un período desde 2016 hasta 2022. Se consideraron dos artículos de buena calidad y cuatro de mediana calidad. En cinco de los seis estudios Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo fue la bacteria más frecuentemente aislada. Las bacterias productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) fueron reportadas en 4 de los 6 estudios en un rango de 8.2 a 83.1%. La combinación de ampicilina con algún aminoglucósido fueron los más frecuentemente usados como primera línea. Los reportes considerados revelaron que el agente causal más frecuente en la sepsis neonatal fue Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo. El patrón de resistencia más frecuente aislado fue la producción de BLEE y la terapia antimicrobiana de primera línea fue ampicilina en combinación con algún aminoglucósido.
Síndrome dismórfico neonatal: reporte de caso de un diagnóstico severo
Authors: Ismena Cari Flor , Rojas-Guerra Roy Jonatan
Published: April 2024

Introducción: El síndrome dismórfico hace referencia a los pacientes que presenten al nacer alguna anormalidad física, estructural y/o funcional. Se estima que anualmente el 6% de niños a nivel mundial nacen con una anomalía congénita y más de 300 000 mueren durante su primer mes de vida. Su diagnóstico puede llegar a ser complicado e incluso subjetivo, sobre todo cuando existen variaciones fenotípicas, diferentes grados de severidad y comorbilidades asociadas, y patologías maternas no evaluadas de manera adecuada ni oportuna. A esto se le suma que es necesario el uso de pruebas genéticas que en muchas ocasiones no son de fácil acceso. 
Objetivo: Informar sobre las manifestaciones clínicas y complicaciones del síndrome dismórfico.
Presentación del caso: Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido de 30 semanas según Capurro, cuya madre tenía antecedente de diabetes e inadecuado control prenatal. El neonato presenta múltiples rasgos dismórficos, además de atresia de esófago. Se plantean como posibles diagnósticos una asociación VACTERL (defectos vertebrales, malformaciones anales, cardiopatías congénitas, alteraciones traqueo-esofágicas, malformaciones renales y alteración en extremidades) o una trisomía 18. Este último llegó a confirmarse mediante pruebas genéticas, pero posterior a la defunción del paciente, ocurrida al final de la tercera semana de vida.
Conclusiones: El abordaje del neonato con síndrome dismórfico representa un verdadero desafío diagnóstico, terapéutico y social. La falta de recursos y deficiencias en el sistema de salud hacen difícil un diagnóstico precoz, más aún en estas patologías infrecuentes.
La innovación en los eventos deportivos: I carrera Popular con perros Doggy Race 2023
Authors: Romero Solís Daniel , Baena González Rafael
Published: April 2024

En la sociedad, el deporte se ha ido implantando como un pilar fundamental e indispensable en el día a día de la gente, por ello, los eventos deportivos se intro-ducen como otro medio más para realizar actividad física saludable. En este caso, se propone una carrera urbana “Doggy Race” en las que personas y mascotas (en este caso perros), comparten recorrido haciéndolo de forma competitiva, lúdica y familiar. Los perros son las mascotas más populares entre los hogares, tal es así, que desde la Covid 19, se ha producido un gran aumento de perros registrados de forma legal entre la población andaluza. De esta manera el objetivo es unificar el deporte con mascotas, con el fin de impulsar y promover la vida saludable en la sociedad, con un carácter competitivo y lúdico. Este trabajo muestra un análisis sobre el proceso y desarrollo de las diferentes etapas que se deben dar para crear un evento deportivo. Los resultados han sido positivos y la propuesta metodoló-gica exitosa a nivel económico y social en la población antequerana, además, este proyecto será útil para futuras actividades de emprendimiento empresarial.
La gestión de los recursos humanos durante la primera circunnavegación a la tierra. Expedición de Fernando Magallanes y Juan Sebastián Elcano
Authors: Pérez Ramos David , Sánchez López Benjamín
Published: April 2024

Con la reconstrucción histórica de la expedición de Magallanes y Elcano desde una perspectiva de las relaciones laborales y recursos humanos, a través de la me-todología del estudio de casos se han puesto de relieve aquellos elementos que fueron determinante para el éxito de la expedición. Para ello, se ha analizado la gestión de los recursos humanos en un contexto turbulento marcado por las continuas crisis que definieron la travesía. Sin embargo, el conjunto de estrate-gias y tácticas empleadas por la dirección de la expedición, tanto en la fase de pla-nificación como a lo largo del viaje representan un legado cuyo valor puede ser interesante para afrontar con éxito los desafíos que en la actualidad tienen los Recursos Humanos. A partir de aquí, se ha trazado una comparativa con la reali-dad actual de los recursos humanos en el mundo empresarial. Estos paralelismos hacen referencia no solo al conjunto de estrategias actuales, sino a la conexión de las mismas con un entorno hostil marcado por la incertidumbre. En la era de la globalización cualquier hecho tiene repercusiones globales para las compañías y por tanto la implementación de estrategias a partir de la conciencia de que vivi-mos un entorno de crisis intrínseca supone un desafío para la dirección estratégi-ca de las empresas.
The First Italian Climate Judgement and the Separation of Powers
Authors: Vinken Moritz , Mazzotti Paolo
Published: April 2024

On 26th February 2024, in its Giudizio Universale decision, the Tribunal of Rome penned the first Italian climate judgement. Shortly after, on 9 April 2024, the ECtHR handed down its seminal trio of KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland, Duarte Agostinho v. Portugal and Others and Carême v. France. In this monumental string of cases, the ECtHR set the new standard for climate litigation in Europe, also regarding separation of powers. This invites a critical assessment of Giudizio Universale’s stance.
Reconstruction of the currents structure in the Kuibyshev Reservoir using satellite data and field measurements
Authors: Kapustin I. A. , Molkov A. A. , Ermoshkin A. V. , Dobrokhotova D. V. , Danilicheva O. A. , Leshchev G. V.
Published: April 2024

This paper is devoted to a series of the first field subsatellite experiments conducted in the waters of the Kuibyshev Reservoir (Kama estuary) in 2023. Simultaneously with ship-based measurements of current and wind fields, as well as chlorophyll-a concentration, two high-spatial-resolution satellite scanners surveyed the study area of the reservoir. From sequential images, current fields were reconstructed using the standard maximum cross-correlation (MCC) method, which were then compared with measurements from the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). In certain parts of the water area, satisfactory agreement was obtained between the reconstructed currents and direct measurement current data. And in those parts of the water area where a significant discrepancy between the ADCP and MCC data was recorded, the possible reasons for the discrepancies were analyzed. Preliminary estimates of the parameters that have a significant impact on the possibility of reconstructing currents using the MCC method in inland eutrophicated water bodies have been made, and some limitations of the MCC method as a whole have been identified. Possible ways of further development of the method are analyzed.
Health Care Lobbying and Oncology
Authors: Choradia Nirmal , Mitchell Aaron , Nipp Ryan
Published: April 2024

Background: The health care industry spends more on lobbying than any other industry, with more than $700 million spent in 2022. However, health care lobbying related to cancer has not been characterized. In this study, we sought to describe overall health sector lobbying spending and oncology-related lobbying spending across patient and clinician organizations. Methods: We obtained lobbying data from OpenSecrets.org and the Federal Election Commission. Overall health sector lobbying spending was categorized by OpenSecrets into 4 groups: pharmaceuticals/health products, health services/health maintenance organizations (HMOs), hospitals/nursing homes, and health professionals. We then identified and categorized 4 oncology-related lobbying groups: oncology physician professional organizations (OPPOs), prospective payment system (PPS)–exempt cancer hospitals, patient advocacy organizations, and provider networks (eg, US Oncology Network). We described temporal trends in lobbying spending from 2014 to 2022, in both overall dollar value (inflation-adjusted 2023 dollars) and in per-physician spending (using American Association of Medical Colleges [AAMC] data for number of hematologists/oncologists) using a Mann-Kendall trend test. Results: Among the overall health sector lobbying, pharmaceuticals/health products had the greatest increase in lobbying spending, with an increase from $294 million in 2014 to >$376 million in 2022 (P=.0006). In contrast, lobbying spending by health professionals did not change, remaining at $96 million (P=.35). Regarding oncology-related lobbying, OPPOs and PPS-exempt cancer hospitals had a significant increase of 170% (P=.016) and 62% (P=.009), respectively. Per-physician spending also demonstrated an increase from $60 to $134 for OPPOs and from $168 to $226 for PPS-exempt cancer hospitals. Overall, OPPO lobbying increased as a percentage of overall physician lobbying from 1.16% in 2014 to 3.76% in 2022. Conclusions: Although overall health sector lobbying has increased, physician/health professional lobbying has remained relatively stable in recent years, spending for lobbying by OPPOs has increased. Continued efforts to understand the utility and value of lobbying in health care and across oncology are needed as the costs of care continue to increase.
Trayectorias académicas de estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán a través del análisis de indicadores de rendimiento académico
Authors: Ortigoza Analía , Prchal Abigail , Canova-Barrios Carlos Jesús
Published: April 2024

Introduction: In Argentina, nursing education shows progress, but it still does not improve the quantitative deficit of the group, nor the distribution by regions. The analysis of academic trajectories makes it possible to identify the path taken by the student in the study plan and to plan remedial measures for those aspects considered deficient.Objective: To analyze the academic trajectories of students of the bachelor’s degree in nursing at the National University of Tucumán, through the analysis of academic performance indicators in the period 2015-2019.Methodes: Descriptive, retrospective, and quantitative study. The population was constituted by the total number of students of the bachelor’s degree in nursing in the period 2015-2019.Results: The average GPA of the career is 6.35 out of 10 and the average actual duration of the career is 13.35 years, exceeding the expected duration of 5 years. A failure rate was found in 57% of the subjects of the first cycle and 38% of the second cycle.Conclusions: The academic performance of nursing students has decreased in the last decades, which can be seen in the decrease of the grade point average and the increase of the actual duration of the course. These results show the existing decoupling between the academic trajectories of nursing students in relation to those expected by the system.

Introducción: En Argentina la formación en enfermería muestra avances, pero aún no mejora el déficit cuantitativo del colectivo, ni la distribución por regiones. El análisis de las trayectorias académicas permite identificar el recorrido realizado por el estudiante en el plan de estudios y planificar instancias remediales para los aspectos que se consideren deficitarios.Objetivo: Analizar las trayectorias académicas de los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán a través del análisis de indicadores de rendimiento académico en el periodo 2015-2019.Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y cuantitativo. La población estuvo constituida por el total de estudiantes de la carrera Licenciatura en Enfermería en el período 2015-2019. Resultados: El promedio de calificaciones de la carrera es 6,35 de 10 y el promedio de duración real de la misma es de 13,35 años superando los 5 años de duración esperada. Se halló un índice de desaprobación y aplazos en el 57% de las materias del primer ciclo y el 38% del segundo.Conclusión: El rendimiento académico de las/os estudiantes de enfermería disminuyó en las últimas décadas, y esto se visibiliza en el descenso de los promedios de calificaciones y el incremento en la duración real de la carrera. Estos resultados muestran el desacople existente entre las trayectorias académicas de las/os estudiantes de enfermería, en relación con las esperadas por el sistema.
Relación entre la espiritualidad del cuidador informal y la resiliencia del anciano con cáncer
Authors: Rosas Cervantes Elisa , Jiménez González María de Jesús , Valenzuela Suazo Sandra , Guerrero Castañeda Raul Fernando
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The increase in the number of older adults with cancer generates high rates of dependency, leading to an exponential growth in the demand for informal caregivers, which implies having to address specific care needs that are the competence of nursing and can be addressed from the spiritual sphere as proposed by the Transpersonal Human Caring Theory.Objective: To determine the relationship between informal caregiver spirituality and resilience in the older adult with cancer.Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative, correlational, non-experimental study in which 42 older adults with cancer and their informal caregivers participated. The level of spirituality of the caregivers and the level of resilience of the older adults were measured. The correlation between the variables was calculated using Spearman's ρ test.Results: The mean age of the caregivers was 49.6 ± 15.6 years, 64.3% were female, 85.7% Catholic; 73.8% reported high levels of spirituality. Regarding the older adults, their mean age was 69.9 ± 7.1 years, 59.5% were female, 88.1% Catholic; the predominant type of cancer was gastric and leukemia; 83.3% reported high resilience. A positive correlation (r=0.440, p=<0.05) was found between caregiver spirituality and older adult resilience.Conclusions: The results provide scientific support for the Theory of Transpersonal Human Caring, as it acknowledges the conception of self and spirit (spiritual transcendence) described by Jean Watson.

Introducción: El incremento de ancianos con cáncer genera altos índices de dependencia que conlleva la demanda exponencial de cuidadores informales, representando necesidades de cuidado específicas que son competencía de enfermería y se pueden abordar desde la esfera espiritual como lo propone la Teoría del Cuidado Humano Transpersonal.Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la espiritualidad del cuidador informal y la resiliencia del anciano con cáncer. Material y método: Estudio cuantitativo, correlacional, no experimental. Participaron 42 ancianos con cáncer y sus cuidadores informales. Se midió el nivel de espiritualidad de los cuidadores y el nivel de resiliencia de los ancianos. La correlación entre las variables se calculó mediante la prueba ρ de Spearman. Resultados: Edad media de los cuidadores 49.6±15.6 años, 64.3% mujeres, 85.7% católicos; 73.8% obtuvo niveles altos de espiritualidad. En los ancianos, edad media 69.9±7.1 años, 59.5% mujeres, 88.1% católicos; el tipo de cáncer predominante fue gástrico y leucemia; 83.3% obtuvo resiliencia alta. Se encontró correlación positiva (r=0.440, p=<0.05) entre la espiritualidad del cuidador y la resiliencia del anciano. Conclusiones: Los resultados constituyen un soporte científico para la Teoría del Cuidado Humano Transpersonal, pues acepta la concepción del ser y del espíritu (trascendencia espiritual) descritos por Jean Watson.
O lugar do esporte na Base Nacional Comum Curricular
Authors: Furtado Renan Santos , Gordo Margarida do Espírito Santo Cunha , Borges Carlos Nazareno Ferreira
Published: April 2024

A presente pesquisa analisa o lugar do conteúdo esporte na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) do Ensino Fundamental. Tem como questão problema: qual o lugar do conteúdo esporte na BNCC? Do ponto de vista dos seus objetivos, pretende: 1) Discutir a concepção de esporte presente no documento; 2) Compreender o modo e os critérios para a organização do conteúdo esporte nos diferentes anos do Ensino Fundamental. A partir do marco teórico-conceitual da sociologia crítica do esporte e do conceito de condição esportiva cunhado por Furtado e Borges (2019), analisou-se o lugar do fenômeno e da unidade temática esporte na BNCC. Concluí que o lugar do esporte na BNCC é diversificado, pois, para além do notório espaço destinado para este conteúdo, suas características estão presentes também em outros objetos de conhecimento da Educação Física, como a luta, a ginástica, as práticas corporais de aventura e a dança, o que confirma a existência de uma condição esportiva que necessita ser compreendida e problematizada no tempo e espaço da educação escolar.
Homeschooling dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Muthma'innah M
Published: April 2024

Tulisan ini  mengkaji tentang homeschooling dalam sudut pandang pendidikan Islam. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kepustakaan, homeschooling merupakan proses pendidikan terarah yang dilakukan oleh orang tua dan juga keluarga terhadap anak-anaknya dengan proses belajar mengajar yang kondusif. Dalam Islam, proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model homeschooling yang dilakukan oleh orang tua atau keluarga sudah biasa dilakukan. Bahkan, Islam dengan sangat tegas memberikan tanggung jawab langsung pendidikan Islam untuk anaknya kepada orang tua. Orang tualah yang paling pertama dan utama memberikan pendidikan pada putra-putrinya ke arah yang baik agar mereka terbimbing menjadi anak-anak yang dapat dibanggakan kelak di hadapan Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala. Homeschooling berdasarkan perspektif pendidikan Islam mempunyai dasar dalam Al-Qur’an dan as-sunnah.
The influence of process parameters on the morphological characteristics of fine precipitated hydrate
Authors: Petričević Sandra , Došić Aleksandar , Filipović Radislav , Damjanović Vladimir , Obrenović Zoran , Perušić Mitar , Sekulić Vladislav , Mičić Vladan , Korstić Duško
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the influence of process parameters on the morphological properties of fine precipitated hydrate was examined. The research was conducted with the aim of synthesizing fine precipitated aluminum hydroxide from the aluminate solution obtained by the Bayer process. Fine precipitated hydrates obtained in this way are mostly used in the non-metallurgical industry. The synthesized fine precipitated hydrate should comply with certain quality requirements such as granulometry (average particle diameter), purity, specific surface area, whiteness, etc. This paper shows the influence of certain technological parameters, namely the initial precipitation temperature, the amount and specific surface area of the seed, the influence of the NaOH/Al(OH)3 molar ratio on the characteristics of the synthesized fine precipitated hydrate in terms of the specific surface area, mean diameter and morphology of the obtained particles.
Causes of digestive symptoms in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Nikitina A. S. , Zamahina O. V.
Published: April 2024

This literature review discusses the problem of the causes of digestive symptoms in COVID-19 patients, examining papers in which SARS-CoV-2 gastrointestinal infection was the underlying cause of symptoms and papers in which the occurrence of such symptoms was associated with exacerbation of pre-existing, including previously undiagnosed GI diseases.
Objective: to identify the most likely underlying cause of digestive symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods. We searched 59 literature sources from eLibrary, PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar databases. All papers were published in the last 4 years.
Results. The resulting digestive symptoms in coronavirus lesions are caused by direct disruption of the intestinal barrier; also, these symptoms may be a manifestation of exacerbation or debut of chronic digestive diseases on the background of COVID-19, and exacerbate the course of infection; or a result of COVID-19 therapy. A differential diagnosis of COVID-19 with inflammatory bowel diseases, chronic liver diseases, chronic and acute biliary pancreatitis is required in patients with diarrhea, abdominal pain, elevated blood liver and pancreatic enzymes. The correlation of gastroenterological symptoms with the direct COVID-19 lesion can be established by comparing the clinical picture with the detection of RNA virus in stool, histologic specimens, but sometimes there may be no unambiguous answer. Specific changes on computed tomography with angiography of the abdominal cavity organs (peri-intestinal fatty tissue strands against the background of intestinal wall thickening) are described only in the initial stage of COVID-19, at later stages the changes are nonspecific. Data from endoscopic studies in patients with COVID-19 are limited to single clinical cases or case series describing nonspecific findings and suggesting that the virus directly damages GI mucosal surfaces. This calls into question the results of the studies that have been conducted, most of which were retrospective and did not evaluate the baseline presence of gastrointestinal symptoms prior to COVID-19. Due to the peculiarities of the virus interaction with body cells and the diversity of clinical manifestations of the disease, a combined approach in the diagnosis of GI diseases in COVID-19 is necessary.
Dinamika Pembentukan Karakter Melalui Kegiatan Mengaji Rutin
Authors: M.arif rohman mauzen  , Zainal arifin
Published: April 2024

Character has a significant role in shaping quality individuals and making a positive contribution to society. Education is recognized as an effective means of character development, and one non-formal approach that has great potential is through regular recitation activities. This activity is periodically carried out to understand religious teachings and can be held in various places such as mosques, prayer rooms, or homes. Within the scope of the Sidotopo Dipo Gang 2 Kompleks in Surabaya, routine reciting activities are identified as key elements that shape the character of citizens. Its positive impact involves increasing religious understanding, strengthening moral values, bonding social relations, and increasing social awareness. This research applies a qualitative approach with an in-depth case study method in the Sidotopo Dipo Gang 2 Kompleks. The subjects of the study consisted of citizens who were active in routine reciting activities. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed qualitatively to provide an overview of the dynamics of character building of citizens through routine recitation activities.
Effectiveness of Storytelling Therapy on Creativity and Emotional Intelligence in Children with Separation Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Nazizadeh Zahra , Ramadan Parnian , Moradi Sara , Seyyedbarghi Azam sadat
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of storytelling therapy on creativity and emotional intelligence in children with separation anxiety disorder. Methods and Materials: The present research is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The population of this study included all children aged 5 to 7 years old suffering from separation anxiety disorder, who attended clinical psychiatric centers in Tehran in the year 2023. The sample consisted of 30 subjects selected through convenience sampling and were randomly divided into two groups (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group), but the control group remained on a waiting list for treatment. Before and after ten treatment sessions, all participants were assessed with the Torrance Creativity Test (Torrance, 1979) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Mavroveli et al., 2008). Additionally, participants received a psychiatric diagnosis regarding the disorder in question. Data analysis obtained from the administration of questionnaires was performed using SPSS software in two parts: descriptive and inferential (covariance). Findings: The results of the covariance analysis showed that storytelling therapy improves creativity and emotional intelligence in children with separation anxiety disorder at the post-test stage. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be inferred from the findings that storytelling therapy can be effective in enhancing the creativity and emotional intelligence of children.
Effectiveness of Integrative Couple Therapy on Sexual Function, Marital Intimacy, and Impulsivity in Women Affected by Marital Infidelity
Authors: Nezamalmolki Mitra , Bahrainian Seyed Abdolmajid , Shahabizadeh Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

Objective: One of the most significant factors that can disrupt family health is the breaking of commitment and exclusivity in emotional and sexual relationships and the creation of extramarital relationships, namely marital infidelity. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of integrative couple therapy on sexual function, marital intimacy, and impulsivity in women affected by marital infidelity. Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up design, accompanied by a control group. The study population included all women affected by marital infidelity who sought help from Yarigar and Organic counseling centers in Tehran during the first six months of 2023. According to the counseling centers' officials, the total number of these individuals was 93. The study sample consisted of 30 women affected by marital infidelity who referred to counseling centers in District 2 of Tehran in 2023, selected through purposive sampling and then randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected using the Marital Intimacy Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and the Female Sexual Function Index. In this study, the experimental group underwent emotion-focused therapy in 9 sessions (one 90-minute session per week). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and SPSS software version 22. Findings: The results showed that integrative couple therapy effectively increased sexual function (F=54.5, P<0.001), marital intimacy (F=9.00, P<0.001), and decreased impulsivity (F=7.09, P<0.001) in women affected by marital infidelity. Conclusion: It can be concluded that integrative couple therapy is effective in improving sexual function, marital intimacy, and impulsivity in women affected by marital infidelity and can be used to reduce the psychological problems of these women.