bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Femtosecond laser preforming of millimeter-scale whispering gallery mode resonant disks from crystalline substrate
Authors: Lacourt Pierre-Ambroise , Courvoisier François , Safioui Jassem , Diallo Souleymane , Martinenghi Romain , Furfaro Luca , Jacquot Maxime , Merolla Jean-Marc , Froehly Luc , Larger Laurent
Published: May 2022

Millimeter-sized whispering gallery mode resonators produced from bulk crystalline substrates show great potential as optoelectronics components but are still delicate to produce. We report here on an improved manufacturing technique based on femtosecond laser ablation, which allowed us to obtain state-of-the-art performance (quality factor around 109) in calcium fluoride with only half the processing time required before. Our results are supported by optical profilometric and cavity ringdown measurements, and could be extended to a variety of other substrates.
A systematic review of federated learning applications for biomedical data
Authors: Crowson Matthew G. , Moukheiber Dana , Arévalo Aldo Robles , Lam Barbara D. , Mantena Sreekar , Rana Aakanksha , Goss Deborah , Bates David W. , Celi Leo Anthony
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Federated learning (FL) allows multiple institutions to collaboratively develop a machine learning algorithm without sharing their data. Organizations instead share model parameters only, allowing them to benefit from a model built with a larger dataset while maintaining the privacy of their own data. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the current state of FL in healthcare and discuss the limitations and promise of this technology.

Methods

We conducted a literature search using PRISMA guidelines. At least two reviewers assessed each study for eligibility and extracted a predetermined set of data. The quality of each study was determined using the TRIPOD guideline and PROBAST tool.

Results

13 studies were included in the full systematic review. Most were in the field of oncology (6 of 13; 46.1%), followed by radiology (5 of 13; 38.5%). The majority evaluated imaging results, performed a binary classification prediction task via offline learning (n = 12; 92.3%), and used a centralized topology, aggregation server workflow (n = 10; 76.9%). Most studies were compliant with the major reporting requirements of the TRIPOD guidelines. In all, 6 of 13 (46.2%) of studies were judged at high risk of bias using the PROBAST tool and only 5 studies used publicly available data.

Conclusion

Federated learning is a growing field in machine learning with many promising uses in healthcare. Few studies have been published to date. Our evaluation found that investigators can do more to address the risk of bias and increase transparency by adding steps for data homogeneity or sharing required metadata and code.
CSCAHHO: Chaotic hybridization algorithm of the Sine Cosine with Harris Hawk optimization algorithms for solving global optimization problems
Authors: Zhang Yu-Jun , Yan Yu-Xin , Zhao Juan , Gao Zheng-Ming
Published: May 2022

Because of the No Free Lunch (NFL) rule, we are still under the way developing new algorithms and improving the capabilities of the existed algorithms. Under consideration of the simple and steady convergence capability of the sine cosine algorithm (SCA) and the fast convergence rate of the Harris Hawk optimization (HHO) algorithms, we hereby propose a new hybridization algorithm of the SCA and HHO algorithm in this paper, called the CSCAHHO algorithm henceforth. The energy parameter is introduced to balance the exploration and exploitation procedure for individuals in the new swarm, and chaos is introduced to improve the randomness. Updating equations is redefined and combined of the equations in the SCA and HHO algorithms. Simulation experiments on 27 benchmark functions and CEC 2014 competitive functions, together with 3 engineering problems are carried out. Comparisons have been made with the original SCA, HHO, Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA), Seagull optimization algorithm (SOA), Sooty Tern optimization algorithm (STOA), Arithmetic optimizer (AO) and Chimp optimization algorithm (ChOA). Simulation experiments on either unimodal or multimodal, benchmark or CEC2014 functions, or real engineering problems all verified the better performance of the proposed CSAHHO, such as faster convergence rate, low residual errors, and steadier capability. Matlab code of this algorithm is shared in Gitee with the following address: https://gitee.com/yuj-zhang/cscahho.
High-throughput widefield fluorescence imaging of 3D samples using deep learning for 2D projection image restoration
Authors: Forsgren Edvin , Edlund Christoffer , Oliver Miniver , Barnes Kalpana , Sjögren Rickard , Jackson Timothy R.
Published: May 2022

Fluorescence microscopy is a core method for visualizing and quantifying the spatial and temporal dynamics of complex biological processes. While many fluorescent microscopy techniques exist, due to its cost-effectiveness and accessibility, widefield fluorescent imaging remains one of the most widely used. To accomplish imaging of 3D samples, conventional widefield fluorescence imaging entails acquiring a sequence of 2D images spaced along the z-dimension, typically called a z-stack. Oftentimes, the first step in an analysis pipeline is to project that 3D volume into a single 2D image because 3D image data can be cumbersome to manage and challenging to analyze and interpret. Furthermore, z-stack acquisition is often time-consuming, which consequently may induce photodamage to the biological sample; these are major barriers for workflows that require high-throughput, such as drug screening. As an alternative to z-stacks, axial sweep acquisition schemes have been proposed to circumvent these drawbacks and offer potential of 100-fold faster image acquisition for 3D-samples compared to z-stack acquisition. Unfortunately, these acquisition techniques generate low-quality 2D z-projected images that require restoration with unwieldy, computationally heavy algorithms before the images can be interrogated. We propose a novel workflow to combine axial z-sweep acquisition with deep learning-based image restoration, ultimately enabling high-throughput and high-quality imaging of complex 3D-samples using 2D projection images. To demonstrate the capabilities of our proposed workflow, we apply it to live-cell imaging of large 3D tumor spheroid cultures and find we can produce high-fidelity images appropriate for quantitative analysis. Therefore, we conclude that combining axial z-sweep image acquisition with deep learning-based image restoration enables high-throughput and high-quality fluorescence imaging of complex 3D biological samples.
A quantitative study on Muslim milk mother’s understanding of the Islamic concept of wet nursing
Authors: Hanin Hamjah Salasiah , Che Abdul Rahim Norsyamlina , Muhammad Hashim Nurhidayah , Bahari Norainan , Mohd. Kusrin Zuliza , Abdul Majid Latifah , Saidon Rafeah , Illias Muhamad Zariff
Published: May 2022

Background

The practice of wet nursing or breastfeeding another woman’s child in Malaysia, especially among Muslim mothers, is on the rise. This is due to the emergence of public awareness of the benefits of breast milk to children. However, it is claimed that some mothers do not have a clear understanding of the Islamic rulings concerning wet nursing, especially those related to mahram (prohibition to marry), nasab (lineage) and inheritance. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the level of understanding of the legal implications of wet nursing and the factors influencing the practice among Muslim mothers who have practiced breastfeeding.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted between January and July 2019. This study was conducted with 100 Muslim mothers who had breastfed others’ child(ren) in Selangor. Data were obtained using a validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.8) and processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results

The results show that the majority of the respondents understand the basic Islamic rulings on wet nursing, especially on the persons prohibited to marry, conditions and feeding method. However, the respondents need to further understand the rulings related to nasab (lineage), guardianship and inheritance involving the milk child. Various factors that have influenced wet nursing in society were also found.

Conclusions

This study has significant implications for the need to have more activities to create awareness and enhance the understanding related to wet nursing among Muslim women in society. Therefore, more research studies related to wet nursing and the impact of the practice should be conducted to offer better solutions to society.
Electroporation-based proteome sampling ex vivo enables the detection of brain melanoma protein signatures in a location proximate to visible tumor margins
Authors: Genish Ilai , Gabay Batel , Ruban Angela , Goldshmit Yona , Singh Amrita , Wise Julia , Levkov Klimentiy , Shalom Avshalom , Vitkin Edward , Yakhini Zohar , Golberg Alexander
Published: May 2022

A major concern in tissue biopsies with a needle is missing the most lethal clone of a tumor, leading to a false negative result. This concern is well justified, since needle-based biopsies gather tissue information limited to needle size. In this work, we show that molecular harvesting with electroporation, e-biopsy, could increase the sampled tissue volume in comparison to tissue sampling by a needle alone. Suggested by numerical models of electric fields distribution, the increased sampled volume is achieved by electroporation-driven permeabilization of cellular membranes in the tissue around the sampling needle. We show that proteomic profiles, sampled by e-biopsy from the brain tissue, ex vivo, at 0.5mm distance outside the visible margins of mice brain melanoma metastasis, have protein patterns similar to melanoma tumor center and different from the healthy brain tissue. In addition, we show that e-biopsy probed proteome signature differentiates between melanoma tumor center and healthy brain in mice. This study suggests that e-biopsy could provide a novel tool for a minimally invasive sampling of molecules in tissue in larger volumes than achieved with traditional needle biopsies.
COVID-19 infodemic on Facebook and containment measures in Italy, United Kingdom and New Zealand
Authors: Etta Gabriele , Galeazzi Alessandro , Hutchings Jamie Ray , James Smith Connor Stirling , Conti Mauro , Quattrociocchi Walter , Riva Giulio Valentino Dalla
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has been characterized by a social media “infodemic”: an overabundance of information whose authenticity may not always be guaranteed. With the potential to lead individuals to harmful decisions for the society, this infodemic represents a severe threat to information security, public health and democracy. In this paper, we assess the interplay between the infodemic and specific aspects of the pandemic, such as the number of cases, the strictness of containment measures, and the news media coverage. We perform a comparative study on three countries that employed different managements of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020—namely Italy, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. We first analyze the three countries from an epidemiological perspective to characterize the impact of the pandemic and the strictness of the restrictions adopted. Then, we collect a total of 6 million posts from Facebook to describe user news consumption behaviors with respect to the reliability of such posts. Finally, we quantify the relationship between the number of posts published in each of the three countries and the number of confirmed cases, the strictness of the restrictions adopted, and the online news media coverage about the pandemic. Our results show that posts referring to reliable sources are consistently predominant in the news circulation, and that users engage more with reliable posts rather than with posts referring to questionable sources. Furthermore, our modelling results suggest that factors related to the epidemiological and informational ecosystems can serve as proxies to assess the evolution of the infodemic.
Detection distances in desert dwelling, high duty cycle echolocators: A test of the foraging habitat hypothesis
Authors: Finger Nikita M. , Holderied Marc , Jacobs David S.
Published: May 2022

High Duty Cycle (HDC) echolocating bats use high frequency echolocation pulses that are clutter resistant, but their high frequencies give them limited range. Despite their unique ability to reject background clutter while simultaneously detecting fluttering prey, the frequency of their echolocation pulses has a strong correlation with level of environmental clutter, lower frequency pulses of HDC bats being associated with more open environments. The Foraging Habitat Hypothesis (FHH) proposes that the ecological significance of these lower frequency pulses in HDC bats in open environments is that they allow longer prey detection distances. To test the FHH, we compared the frequencies, Source Levels (SLs) and detection distances ofRhinolophus capensis, a HDC bat that has been shown to vary its call frequency in relation to habitat structure. As a further test of the FHH we investigated the SLs and detection distances ofRhinolophus damarensis(a heterospecific species that occurs in the same open desert environment asR.capensisbut echolocates at a higher dominant pulse frequency). In the open desert,R.capensisemitted both lower frequency and higher SL pulses giving them longer detection distances thanR.capensisin the cluttered fynbos. SL contributed more to differences in detection distances in bothR.capensisandR.damarensisthan frequency. In a few instances,R.damarensisachieved similar detection distances to desert–inhabitingR.capensisby emitting much higher SLs despite their average SLs being lower. These results suggest that lower frequency echolocation pulses are not a prerequisite for open desert living but may increase detection distance while avoiding energetic costs required for high SLs.
Markers of endothelial cell activation are associated with the severity of pulmonary disease in COVID-19
Authors: Osburn William O. , Smith Kimberly , Yanek Lisa , Amat-Alcaron Nuria , Thiemann David R. , Cox Andrea L. , Leucker Thorsten M. , Lowenstein Charles J.
Published: May 2022

Severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is characterized by vascular inflammation and thrombosis. We and others have proposed that the inflammatory response to coronavirus infection activates endothelial cells, leading to endothelial release of pro-thrombotic proteins. These mediators can trigger obstruction of the pulmonary microvasculature, leading to worsening oxygenation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that higher levels of biomarkers released from endothelial cells are associated with worse oxygenation in patients with COVID-19. We studied 83 participants aged 18–84 years with COVID-19 admitted to a single center. The severity of pulmonary disease was classified by oxygen requirement, including no oxygen requirement, low-flow oxygen, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and death. We measured plasma levels of two proteins released by activated endothelial cells, von Willebrand Factor (VWF) antigen and soluble P-Selectin (sP-Sel), and a biomarker of systemic thrombosis, D-dimer. Additionally, we explored the association of endothelial biomarker levels with the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokines, and vascular inflammation biomarkers. We found that levels of VWF, sP-sel, and D-dimer were increased in individuals with more severe COVID-19 pulmonary disease. Biomarkers of endothelial cell activation were also correlated with proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Taken together, our data demonstrate increased levels of VWF and sP-selectin are linked to the severity of lung disease in COVID-19 and correlated with biomarkers of inflammation and vascular inflammation. Our data support the concept that COVID-19 is a vascular disease which involves endothelial injury in the context of an inflammatory state.
A causal learning framework for the analysis and interpretation of COVID-19 clinical data
Authors: Ferrari Elisa , Gargani Luna , Barbieri Greta , Ghiadoni Lorenzo , Faita Francesco , Bacciu Davide
Published: May 2022

We present a workflow for clinical data analysis that relies on Bayesian Structure Learning (BSL), an unsupervised learning approach, robust to noise and biases, that allows to incorporate prior medical knowledge into the learning process and that provides explainable results in the form of a graph showing the causal connections among the analyzed features. The workflow consists in a multi-step approach that goes from identifying the main causes of patient’s outcome through BSL, to the realization of a tool suitable for clinical practice, based on a Binary Decision Tree (BDT), to recognize patients at high-risk with information available already at hospital admission time. We evaluate our approach on a feature-rich dataset of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), showing that the proposed framework provides a schematic overview of the multi-factorial processes that jointly contribute to the outcome. We compare our findings with current literature on COVID-19, showing that this approach allows to re-discover established cause-effect relationships about the disease. Further, our approach yields to a highly interpretable tool correctly predicting the outcome of 85% of subjects based exclusively on 3 features: age, a previous history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio at the time of arrival to the hospital. The inclusion of additional information from 4 routine blood tests (Creatinine, Glucose, pO2 and Sodium) increases predictive accuracy to 94.5%.
Sources of convergence in indigenous languages: Lexical variation in Yucatec Maya
Authors: Blaha Pfeiler Barbara , Skopeteas Stavros
Published: May 2022

Linguistic variation in space reflects patterns of social interaction. Gravity models have been successfully used to capture the role of urban centers in the dissemination of innovations in the speech community along with the diffusion of variants in space. Crucially, the effects of the factors of a gravity model (distance and population size) depend on language situation and may result from different sources, in particular processes of vertical and horizontal convergence. In the present study, we investigate lexical variation in contemporary Yucatec Maya, an indigenous language of Mexico, spoken in a situation of generalized bilingualism. This language situation lacks some crucial ingredients of vertical convergence: no variety of Yucatec Maya has the status of a standard variety: the language of administration and education is Spanish (diglossia-with-bilingualism). The present study finds evidence of convergence processes that can be exclusively attributed to horizontal convergence. The lexical distance between speakers decreases in and between urban centers, variants with a large distribution are more likely in areas with a maximum of interactions with other areas. Even Spanish variants are distributed in the sample with a pattern that reveals processes of horizontal convergence: their distribution is accounted for through an areal bias (widespread in areas with a stronger exposition to Spanish) rather by influences from the urban centers (as centers of administration/education) to the rural areas in their surroundings.
Difficulties in accessing health services among the elderly in the city of São Paulo-Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Elaine Cristina Tôrres , Louvison Marília Cristina Prado , Teixeira Doralice Severo da Cruz , Menezes Tarciana Nobre de , Rosa Tereza Etsuko da Costa , Duarte Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: May 2022

To identify difficulties in accessing health services by the elderly in the city of São Paulo/Brazil and the contributory factors that reflect inequalities. This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the Health, Well-being and Aging Study (SABE). The population is composed of elderly ≥ 60 years old, of both sexes, living in the urban area of São Paulo. For this analysis, we used data from the 2015 cohort of the SABE study, containing a sample of 1,221 individuals. The proportions of access difficulty and, through logistic regression, the associated factors were verified, based on Andersen’s Behavioral Model, which considers factors of predisposition, enabling and need as individual determinants of access to health care. It was observed that 37.0% of the elderly reported difficulty accessing health services when they needed it. This difficulty was greatest among females (42.3%), aged 60 to 69 years (40.9%), black race/color (58.8%), illiterate (44.5%), single/separated/divorced (44.3%), with income slower than one salary minimum (46.8%), without health insurance (51.9%), with poor/very poor self-assessment of health (54.7%), with multimorbidity (40.1%), frail (47.2%) and among those who used polypharmacy (40.8%). After multivariate analysis, in the final model, there was a positive association between difficulty of access and predisposing factors (female gender, age group 60 to 69 years, black race/color, illiterate), enabling factors (possession of health insurance) and need factors (regular and poor/very poor self-assessment of health and pre-fragility and frailty condition). The presence of difficulty in access associated with predisposing, enabling and need factors reflect the existence of inequalities caused by barriers that point to weaknesses in the organization of services. The identification of these barriers that hinder access highlights important points that can have an impact on the equity and resolution of care.
Identifying risk factors for prevalent anal human papillomavirus type 16 infection in women living with HIV
Authors: Kaufman Elaina , Williamson Tyler , Mayrand Marie-Hélène , Burchell Ann N. , Klein Marina , Charest Louise , Rodrigues-Coutlée Sophie , Coutlée François , de Pokomandy Alexandra ,   on behalf of the EVVA study group
Published: May 2022

Background

Women living with HIV (WLHIV) have a high risk of anal cancer. Identifying risk factors for anal HPV 16 infection, the most significant risk factor for anal cancer, is essential for prevention and screening strategies.

Methods

In the EVVA Cohort study, 151 WLHIV had cervical and anal HPV testing with genotyping every 6 months for 2 years, while demographic and clinical data were collected via questionnaires and chart reviews. Here, we present results of baseline data analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Among 150 women with adequate HPV test results at baseline, HPV 16 DNA was detected anally in 23 (15.3%; 95%CI:10.4–22.1) and cervically in 5 (3.3%; 95%CI:1.4–7.8). In multivariable analysis, current smoking (OR = 6.0; 95%CI: 1.5–23.9), nadir CD4 count ≤ 200 cells/μL (OR = 8.4; 95%CI: 2.0–34.3), prevalent cervical HPV 16 (OR = 14.7; 95%CI: 1.0–222.5) and anogenital herpes in previous 6 months (OR = 9.8, 95%CI: 1.7–56.8) were associated with prevalent anal HPV 16.

Conclusions

Knowledge of risk factors can help identify WLHIV at greatest risk of anal HPV 16 infection and, potentially, developing subsequent anal cancer. Identification of the subgroup of these women in whom HPV 16 persists could be an early step in the algorithm of anal cancer screening.
High syphilis prevalence and incidence in people living with HIV and Preexposure Prophylaxis users: A retrospective review in the French Dat’AIDS cohort
Authors: Lemmet Thomas , Cotte Laurent , Allavena Clotilde , Huleux Thomas , Duvivier Claudine , Laroche Hélène , Cabie André , Pugliese Pascal , Jovelin Thomas , Maurel Marine , Delpierre Cyrille , Rey David
Published: May 2022

Background

In the past years, we observed a sharp increase of Syphilis, especially among male who have sex with male (MSM), either HIV-infected, or on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Our aim was to assess syphilis prevalence and incidence among people living with HIV (PLWH) and PrEP users.

Methods

PLWH were included from 2010 to 2020 and PrEP users from 2016 to 2020 from the Dat’AIDS French cohort. We calculated syphilis prevalence and incidences for first infections, re-infections, and iterative infections (> 2 times). T-Tests, Wilcoxon tests and Chi2 test were used for descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for factors associated with syphilis.

Results

Among the 8 583 PLWH, prevalence of subject with past or present syphilis was 19.9%. These subjects were more likely MSM or transgender and aged over 35 years, but prevalence was lower in AIDS subjects. Same pattern was seen for incident infection and re-infection. Incidence was 3.8 per 100 person-years for infection and 6.5 per 100 person-years for re-infection. Among 1 680 PrEP users, syphilis prevalence was 25.8%, with an estimated 7.2% frequency of active syphilis. Risk of syphilis infection was higher in male and increased with age. Incidence was 11.2 per 100 person-years for infection and 11.1 per 100 person-years for re-infection.

Conclusion

Syphilis prevalence and incidence were high, especially in older MSM with controlled HIV infection and PrEP users, enhancing the need to improve syphilis screening and behavioral risk reduction counseling among high-risk subjects.
Complete chloroplast genome of Ilex dabieshanensis: Genome structure, comparative analyses with three traditional Ilex tea species, and its phylogenetic relationships within the family Aquifoliaceae
Authors: Zhou Ting , Ning Kun , Mo Zhenghai , Zhang Fan , Zhou Yanwei , Chong Xinran , Zhang Donglin , El-Kassaby Yousry A. , Bian Jian , Chen Hong
Published: May 2022

Ilex dabieshanensis K. Yao & M. B. Deng is not only a highly valued tree species for landscaping, it is also a good material for making kuding tea due to its anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering medicinal properties. Utilizing next-generation and long-read sequencing technologies, we assembled the whole chloroplast genome of I. dabieshanensis. The genome was 157,218 bp in length, exhibiting a typical quadripartite structure with a large single copy (LSC: 86,607 bp), a small single copy (SSC: 18,427 bp) and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRA and IRB: each of 26,092 bp). A total of 121 predicted genes were encoded, including 113 distinctive (79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and 4 rRNAs) and 8 duplicated (8 protein-coding genes) located in the IR regions. Overall, 132 SSRs and 43 long repeats were detected and could be used as potential molecular markers. Comparative analyses of four traditional Ilex tea species (I. dabieshanensis, I. paraguariensis, I. latifolia and I. cornuta) revealed seven divergent regions: matK-rps16, trnS-psbZ, trnT-trnL, atpB-rbcL, petB-petD, rpl14-rpl16, and rpl32-trnL. These variations might be applicable for distinguishing different species within the genus Ilex. Phylogenetic reconstruction strongly suggested that I. dabieshanensis formed a sister clade to I. cornuta and also showed a close relationship to I. latifolia. The generated chloroplast genome information in our study is significant for Ilex tea germplasm identification, phylogeny and genetic improvement.
Exploring health care providers’ experiences of and perceptions towards the use of misoprostol for management of second trimester incomplete abortion in Central Uganda
Authors: Atuhairwe Susan , Gemzell-Danielsson Kristina , Atuyambe Lynn , Byamugisha Josaphat , Tumwesigye Nazarius Mbona , Hanson Claudia
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Women living in low- and middle-income countries still have limited access to quality second trimester post abortion care. We aim to explore health care providers’ experiences of and perceptions towards the use of misoprostol for management of second trimester incomplete abortion.

Methods

This qualitative study used the phenomenology approach. We conducted 48 in-depth interviews for doctors and midwives at 14 public health facilities in central Uganda using a flexible interview guide. We used inductive content analysis and made code frequencies based on health care provider cadre, and health facility level and then abstracted themes from categories.

Results

Well trained midwives were perceived as competent to manage second trimester post abortion care stable patients, however doctor’s supervision in case of complications was considered important. Sometimes, midwives were seen as offering better care than doctors given their stronger presence in the facilities. Misoprostol received unanimous support and viewed as: safe, effective, cheap, convenient, readily available, maintained patient privacy, and saved resources. Challenges faced included: side effects, prolonged hospital stay, treatment failure, inclination to surgical evacuation, heavy work load, inadequate space, lack of medical commodities, frequent staff rotations which affects the quality of patient care. To address these challenges, respondents coped by: giving patients psychological support, analgesics, close patient monitoring, staff mentorship, commitment to work, team work and patient involvement in care.

Conclusion

Misoprostol is perceived as an ideal uterine evacuation method for second trimester post abortion care of uncomplicated patients and trained midwives are considered competent managing these patients in a health facility setting with a back-up of a doctor. Health care providers require institutional and policy environment support for improved service delivery.
Narradrama, intersectionality and devised therapeutic theatre in the prison communication studies classroom
Authors: Afary Kamran , Alteet Elizabeth Malone
Published: May 2022

This article presents examples of incorporating drama therapy techniques and critical narrative theories in a curriculum for a communication studies classroom at a men’s prison. It focuses on Narradrama and intersectionality, aiming to illustrate the benefits this approach offers
by (1) raising awareness of intersectionality by using critical narrative theory-based interventions for guiding participants in expanding their identity and (2) using the principles of the nine steps of Narradrama in devised performances that support restorying student self-narratives.
Novel Endoscopic Polypectomy Surveillance Technique for Fundic Gland Polyps in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Can Improve Early Detection of Dysplasia and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Kelly K. , Kim Katherine , Bancila Liliana , Lew Daniel , Larson Brent K. , Kim Sungjin , Lee Jong Y. , Gaddam Srinivas , Lo Simon K.
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Fundic gland polyps (FGPs) are commonly found in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and are considered benign. Biopsies are not routinely performed, and conventional forceps may be time-consuming and/or yield nonrepresentative histology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of a novel endoscopic polypectomy surveillance (EPS), a large volume cold-snare polypectomy technique of random FGPs, in the incidence of dysplasia and gastric cancer (GC) in FAP.

METHODS:

This is a retrospective longitudinal cohort of patients with FAP referred to a tertiary care center for duodenal adenoma surveillance and who underwent EPS of FGPs between 2001 and 2019. Demographic, endoscopic, and clinicopathologic information was reviewed.

RESULTS:

Thirty-five patients with FAP were identified at initial endoscopy by the mean age of 43.4 years (±12.8). One hundred thirteen surveillance endoscopies were performed in total using EPS. Dysplasia of FGPs was present on initial esophagogastroduodenoscopy in 7 patients (20%), and 13 additional patients (46.4%) progressed to low-grade dysplasia. Three patients (15%) who subsequently had progression to GC were found to have signet ring cell cancer within the foci of FGPs through EPS. One patient presented as metastatic GC. Progression from nondysplastic FGP to low-grade dysplasia occurred over 63 months (±46.3) with further progression to GC over 34 months (±8.5). Endoscopic risk factors for cancer were polyps >10 mm in size (P < 0.001) and carpeting of polyps (P < 0.001). The 5-year cumulative incidence of developing dysplasia was 35.7%.

DISCUSSION:

We identified that the incidence of dysplasia and GC is higher than previously reported in patients with FAP. Our study used a novel EPS technique and was able to identify GC within the foci of FGPs. Upper endoscopic guidelines should include a more rigorous sampling method for FGPs, such as EPS, to optimize early detection of dysplasia and GC.
CRIANDO SORRISOS E MUDANDO VIDAS?
Authors: Hirata Rona
Published: May 2022

O Super-dentista.
Evoluímos, dentro da nossa Odontologia, criando técnicas e desenvolvendo produtos, oferecendo soluções antes inexistentes aos pacientes. Somos, hoje, mais versáteis e temos soluções mais conservadoras do que no passado. Veja, amigo leitor, como era na época do meu pai: se a cavidade fosse pequena, a solução era usar amálgama; se fosse maior, uma onlay de ouro; se o dente estivesse muito destruído, o caminho natural era tratamento endodôntico, pino intracanal metálico e coroa metalocerâmica. Hoje, caminhamos para a microabrasão usando ácido clorídrico, infiltração resinosa, resinas e cerâmicas sem preparo, restaurações parciais ou totais, com base em um conceito biomimético. Ponto para a Odontologia, e um grande ganho para os pacientes.
El abordaje de situaciones contextuales para la solución de problemas y la toma de decisiones
Authors: Torres Merchán Nidia Yaneth
Published: May 2022

Este trabajo describe una estrategia didáctica para potenciar en los estudiantes de educación media de un colegio de la ciudad de Tunja la habilidad de solución de problemas y toma de decisiones a partir de situaciones cotidianas, desde la enseñanza de la química; se realizo un diagnóstico empleando el test HCTAES (Halpern, 1998) y se diseñaron actividades que permitieron articular algunos conceptos químicos con estas habilidades propias del pensamiento crítico, por lo que se constituye así una herramienta de aprendizaje que establece una relación significativa entre el aprendizaje de la ciencia química con situaciones de la cotidianidad.
Diagnóstico del uso de las TIC en estudiantes de colegios oficiales del municipio de Soledad (Atlántico)
Authors: Castellar Paternina Everly
Published: May 2022

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación de tipo exploratorio, que tiene como objetivo, examinar el uso de las TIC y el potencial percibido por los estudiantes frente a éste. La muestra fue por conveniencia, constituida por 312 estudiantes matriculados actualmente en diferentes grados de enseñanza media de tres colegios oficiales del Municipio de Soledad- Atlántico. Se realizó una entrevista con preguntas abiertas sobre el potencial que perciben tener los estudiantes y las oportunidades de usar las TIC y se utilizó una encuesta que incluía preguntas relacionadas con la utilidad y beneficios de la enseñanza recibida, habilidad en el manejo de las herramientas y la disposición presentada hacia el tema del uso de las TIC. Los resultados indican que en esta zona del Departamento del Atlántico, los educandos conservan un alto índice de actitud positiva frente a su uso, pero una baja oferta de recursos tecnológicos que estimule y preserve el potencial.
La coevaluación como experiencia democratizadora: caso de un programa de Formación de Formadores
Authors: Borjas Mónica
Published: May 2022

La investigación permitió analizar las dinámicas de la coevaluación como experiencia democratizadora. Esta experiencia, se fundamenta en los presupuestos del constructivismo social y en la propuesta de “la educación como práctica de libertad” de Freire, promotor del diálogo y la participación para la comprensión del mundo. Así, la coevaluación se convierte en práctica democratizadora de los procesos educativos generadora de autonomía. La investigación enmarcada en el paradigma hermenéutico, se desarrolló desde el estudio de caso en una asignatura de un programa de educación superior. Como conclusión se destaca que los procesos coevaluativos favorecen el desarrollo del análisis crítico y la Metacognición y el fortalecimiento de valores como el respeto y el desarrollo de competencias como la autonomía.
Usos de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) en un proceso formal de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la Educación Básica
Authors: Hernández Nieto Liz Karen , Muñoz Aguirre Luisa Fernanda
Published: May 2022

El propósito de la investigación es interpretar los usos pedagógicos de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en una unidad didáctica de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Teóricamente el proyecto se sustenta en el enfoque constructivista sociocultural y los principios de enseñanza como ayuda ajustada y sistemática; así mismo, se aborda el aprendizaje como proceso de construcción activa de significados y los contenidos y las TIC como ayudas semióticas mediadoras de la actividad conjunta entre profesores y estudiantes que guían las prácticas educativas. La metodología se basa en un estudio de caso simple: se observa, se registra y se analiza una unidad didáctica completa, basada en la estrategia proyecto pedagógico de aula en la comprensión y producción de noticias. El caso se desarrolla en un escenario presencial de cuatro sesiones, con el apoyo de algunos dispositivos tecnológicos.
Determinismo y libertad: nuevos docentes, viejas rutinas
Authors: Vera Noriega José Ángel , Pérez Gómez Gerardo Jesus
Published: May 2022

El objetivo es presentar una reseña crítica del libro " De estudiantes a profesores, transiciones y dilemas en la incorporación profesional” de Oscar .Villanueva que por su carácter cualitativo y su posición conceptual, es una obra que estudia el proceso inicial de ajuste al trabajo de los maestros de educación básica en México. Se destaca en la crítica el papel del sindicato y las burocracias estatales en la caracterización de la incorporación al trabajo de maestro.
Relationships between muscle sympathetic nerve activity and novel indices of arterial stiffness using single oscillometric cuff in patients with hypertension
Authors: Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Hamaoka Takuto , Murai Hisayoshi , Hirai Tadayuki , Mukai Yusuke , Kusayama Takashi , Takashima Shinichiro , Kato Takeshi , Takata Shigeo , Usui Soichiro , Sakata Kenji , Kawashiri Masa‐Aki , Takamura Masayuki
Published: May 2022

The arterial velocity pulse index (AVI) and arterial pressure‐volume index (API) have been proposed as new arterial stiffness indices that can be measured using an oscillometric cuff. Sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) contributes to arterial stiffness via increasing vascular smooth muscle tone. However, the associations between SNA and the AVI or API are not understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and the AVI or API in healthy individuals and patients with hypertension (HT). Forty healthy individuals (40.1 ± 15.2 years, 8 females) (healthy group) and 40 patients with HT (60.2 ± 13.6, 18 females) (HT group) were included in this study. The AVI, API, MSNA, beat‐by‐beat blood pressure, and heart rate were recorded simultaneously. The AVI and API were higher in the HT group than in the healthy group (AVI, 26.1 ± 7.6 vs. 16.5 ± 4.0, p < 0.001; API, 31.2 ± 8.6 vs. 25.5 ± 7.2, p = 0.002). MSNA in the HT group was also higher than in the healthy group (p < 0.001). MSNA was correlated with the AVI, but not with the API, in both the healthy group (R = 0.52, p = 0.001) and HT group (R = 0.57, p < 0.001). MSNA was independently correlated with the AVI in multivariate analysis (ß = 0.34, p = 0.001). In conclusion, AVI, obtained by a simple and less user‐dependent method, was related to the MSNA in healthy individuals and patients with HT.
Fabrication of superhydrophobic and flame-retardant polyethylene terephthalate fabric through a fluorine-free layer-by-layer technique
Authors: Guo Junxiang , Cang Daqiang , Zhao Zhixing , Yin Youhao , Yang Zhiqiang , Saiyin Bateer
Published: May 2022

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric materials are broadly applied in daily life. However, on one hand, they suffer problem of easy contamination by dust owing to their hydrophilicity, which largely reduce their lifetime. On the other hand, their inflammability will bring many potential safety hazards. Therefore, in this paper, PET fabric material with superior superhydrophobicity and flame retardance through a fluorine-free layer-by-layer (LBL) method was developed, which effectively extended its lifetime and range of applications. The LBL technique was realized through assembly of the mixed polyelectrolytes include chitosan (CS), phytic acid (PA), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) for only two bilayers (BL), which endowed the fabric superior fire retardance. A final layer consisted of steel slag (SS) particles and octadecylamine (ODA) were further assembled onto the flame-retardant fabric, which successfully gave rise to superior superhydrophobicity with water contact angle (WCA) of 155° and water sliding angle (WSA) of 2°. Compared with the pure fabric, the limited oxygen index (LOI) values of the coated fabric were enhanced from 19.8% to 29.2%. The finally obtained fabric also showed excellent self-cleaning and anti-fouling capabilities. It could be used to highly efficiently separate various oil–water mixtures. It also could endure long-time heating treatment at high temperature of 180 °C without affecting the superhydrophobicity and flame retardance. This method was fluorine-free and made good use of waste SS particles. Such fabric was believed to find vary promising applications in water repellence, self-cleaning, flame retardance, anti-fouling, and liquid separation fields.
Measuring and profiling Chinese secondary school English teachers’ language mindsets: an exploratory study of non-native teachers’ perceived L2 proficiency loss
Authors: Guo Yingping , Wang Weijun , Yao Yuan , Yu Jie , Chen Yanling
Published: May 2022

Non-native second language (NNL2) teachers’ perceived L2 proficiency loss is a widespread, yet largely underrepresented phenomenon. This study used a sample of 969 Chinese secondary school non-native English teachers (91.6% female,Mage = 37.18, SD = 9.45) to examine their decremental beliefs toward English language proficiency within the framework of mindsets. Both variable-centered and person-centered approaches were adopted to perform data analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis provided validity evidence for the decremental mindset construct. Latent profile analysis categorized the participants into three groups: low decremental mindset, moderate decremental mindset, and moderate-high decremental mindset teachers. Multi-group structural equation modeling demonstrated that the direct effect of a decremental mindset on effort beliefs about English language ability loss was evident across the three groups, whereas only the decremental mindset of certain moderate-high decremental mindset teachers could lead to prevention-focused motivation. As an early attempt to examine people’s decremental beliefs toward language ability, this study extends existing research on language mindsets and provides a new perspective for the analysis of NNL2 teachers’ perceived L2 proficiency loss. Practical implications for NNL2 teacher educators and administrators are discussed on the basis of the findings.
Crystal structure of poly[(μ2-1-(1-imidazolyl)-4-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene-κ2
N:N′)-(μ3-pyridazine-4,5-dicarboxylate-κ3
O:O′:N)]copper(II) hydrate, C19H16CuN6O5
Authors: Liu Guang-Zhen , Wang Xiu-Jin , Wei Wen-Hui
Published: May 2022

C19H16CuN6O5, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.0143(3) Å, b = 9.2122(3) Å, c = 11.8205(4) Å, α = 82.900(3)°, β = 74.593(3)°, γ = 83.612(3), V = 935.90(5) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0284, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0684, T = 293 K.
The crystal structure of 17-(bromoethynyl)-17-hydroxy-10, 13-dimethyl- 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one, C21H27BrO2
Authors: Ji Xiao-Liang , Xie Feng , Li Yi-Biao
Published: May 2022

C21H27BrO2, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 6.6220(14) Å, b = 11.7640(2) Å, c = 11.8485(2) Å, β = 95.0757(19)° V = 919.39(3) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0264, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0695, T = 150 K, Flack-parameter = 0.007(13).
Crystal structure of (Z)-4-(((4-fluorophenyl)amino)(furan-2-yl)methylene)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhang Li , Gao Jun-Jie , Yang Liu , Zhang Heng-Qiang , Fan Li-Li , Zhang Ya-Zhai
Published: May 2022

C22H16FN3O2, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.7335(18) Å, b = 9.967(2) Å, c = 11.968(3) Å, α = 70.677(4)°, β = 86.259(4)°, γ = 65.759(4) Å, V = 893.4(3) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0543, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1677, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of 4-((6-fluoropyridin-2-yloxy)methyl)benzonitrile, C13H9FN2O
Authors: Lu Zhi-Qiang
Published: May 2022

C13H9FN2O, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.4664(8) Å, b = 8.2700(7) Å, c = 10.0709(11) Å, α = 76.991(8)°, β = 88.403(9)°, γ = 63.619(10)° V = 540.93(10) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0534, wR

ref

(F
2
) = 0.1644, T = 293(2) K.
Preparation and bonding mechanisms of polymer/metal hybrid composite by nano molding technology
Authors: Liu Xi , Li Ying , Long Ling , Wang Hailong , Guo Qingfeng , Wang Qingchun , Qi Jing , Chen Jia , Long Yan , Liu Ji , Zhou Zuowan
Published: May 2022

With the development of nano molding technology (NMT), the polymer/metal hybrid (PMH) composites have made great progress in industries like automobile, aircraft, and boat. The bonding structure and bonding strength are the key factors ruling the application of PMH. In this work, the PMH containing polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and Al alloy was prepared by NMT, and the surface treating of Al alloy and the bonding mechanism of PMH has been studied. The results reveal that the bonding strength between metal and polymer shows dependence on the pore structure of the metal surface, which could be controlled by changing the anodizing voltage and time. The PMH in which the Al plate was anodized at 15 V for 6 h achieves the best bonding strength of 1,543 N. The morphological analysis reveals that there forms an anchor and bolt structure in the interface of PPS and Al plate, which bonds the polymer and metal tightly. In addition, the chemical interaction between PPS and Al was confirmed by attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared spectroscopy, which indicates that both physical and chemical effects contribute to the bonding strength of the PMH. This PMH has great potential of being used as alternative to traditional pure metal components, especially the packing materials of automobiles, electronic products, and furniture.
The structure design of mobile charging piles
Authors: Wu Zhongming , Wang Lanxin , Lu Junfeng , Sun Li
Published: May 2022

The simple instalment of mobile charging piles benefits for its convenient layout, while dynamic arrangements of those charging piles through mobile mode make up for the insufficient number of fixed charging piles, which meets the growing charging demand under the increasing popularity of electric vehicles. According to the application requirements of mobile charging piles, CATIA software was used to model the structure, of which strength and reliability were analysed under four load conditions. Our results have demonstrated that the maximum deformation value of the structure is 3.07 mm, and the maximum stress is 134.41 MPa, which is within the safety range of the selected materials. In addition, the gravity centre of the charging pile is located at the bottom of the structure, and thus the stability meets the requirements. Taken together, our research provided a beneficial reference for future engineering practice.