bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Comparison of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Prisoners and General Population
Authors: Alizoroğlu Dursun , Deniz Sami , Canbaz Mustafa , Erbaycu Ahmet Emin
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary tuberculosis in prisoners is higher than general population. The poor health care, poor nutrition, decreased physical activity and easy spread conditions increase the prevalence. In the study; it was aimed to compare pulmonary tuberculosis in prisoners with those in general population. METHODS: Totally 58 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 29 prisoners and 29 in general population diagnosed between 2010-2014 was included in the study. All of the records were got from software. Age, routine biochemical and hemogram values, smear test of the sputum and bronchial aspiration for asiodo resistant bacilli, culture, cytology, localization and sign (consolidation, nodule, cavitation) in chest radiography and treatments used were recorded. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 35.7 years. In comparison of the groups, serum protein level in general population was lower than the prisoners (p=0.007). The difference for creatinine levels was in borderline (p=0.05). When the signs of the pulmonary tuberculosis on chest radiography were compared; the presence of consolidation in prisoners and nodules in general population were in the foreground (p=0.018). In the assessment of treatments used; 22 prisoners and 21 in general population with pulmonary tuberculosis were given classical four drug regimen. Two prisoners and three in general population used isoniaside, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and streptomycin. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: There is no prominent difference for disease characteristics between prisoners and those in general population with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Non-monetary price perceived in e-peer-to peer accommodation. Airbnb guests’ perspective
Authors:   Department of Marketing – University of Valencia – Faculty of Economics, Ava Tarongers sn 46022 Valencia.– ines.kuster@uv.es, Küster Inés , Pascual Juan J. ,   Agency Account Strategist Manager for Google Spain – Department of Marketing – University of Valencia – Ava Tarongers sn 46022 Valencia. – juanjo.pascual.saez@gmail.com
Published: January 2021

Price is considered as a key variable in predicting buying behavior. However, few studies have focused on how non-monetary price is affected and can affect other components of the consumer endogenous variables. This paper seeks (1) to analyze the effects of antecedents of behavioural price (past experience, the benefits and risks of peer to peer accommodation services) on the guest perceived price, and (2) to determine the effect of this price and past experience on guest intentions. With a sample of 136 Airbnb guests and the use of SEM, results show that past experience, financial risk, and time risk influence the non-monetary perceived price. This price and past experience affect guest intentions. This paper tries to bridge certain gaps detected in the literature: (1) we propose to extend the two main factors underlined, considering non-monetary costs, (2) this paper focuses on peer consumers because there is a lack of specification in previous studies due to authors have not differentiated users into host or guest when they analyse intentions, (3) previous literature has research in Airbnb prices but not in the factors that affect price, not in behavioural price strategies, and (4) much of the work to date has been qualitative in nature, whereas this study takes a quantitative approach.
Basic and clinical research progress of psychological pharmacology： a brand-new discipline
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy,Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, GUO Zhijun , LI Zhuman , CAI Weijia , CHEN Yitian , GUO Jianyou , XU Feng
Published: January 2021

Psychological pharmacology is a brand-new discipline that studies the interaction between psychological state and drugs，explores general rules of the effects of mental state on drug activity，and promotes rational use of drugs in clinical practice.Evidence showed that depression could affect the levels of endogenous substances，drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transport protein，thus influencing drug metabolism and efficacy.In clinical practice，medication recognition might affect drug choice and medication compliance of patients.The application of placebo might achieve positive treatment outcomes in certain patients.These research results indicate that attention should be paid to the psychological state of patients in drug treatment.In accordance with changes of physiological and psychological changes of patients，therapeutic regimens should be duly adjusted.Rational drug use education and psychological support should be provided to patients，so that patients’ psychological burden could be relieved and therapeutic efficacy improved.
Correlation between ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism and clopidogrel resistance：a meta analysis
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy,Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, LI Jianqin , YANG Xingchen , SHI Weiqing
Published: January 2021

Objective： To systematically evaluate the correlation between ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism and clopidogrel resistance（CR）.Methods： The databases，such as Wanfang Data，the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database（CBM），the Chinese Journal Fulltext Database in China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI），the China Science and Technology Journal Database（VIP），Science Citation Index（SCI），PubMed and EMBase，were searched from the inception to October 2019.The quality of clinical studies which met the inclusion criteria was evaluated，and meta analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software.Results： Ten papers were included and 2642 patients were enrolled，including 878 cases in the clopidogrel-resistance group and 1764 cases in the non-clopidogrel resistance group.Results of meta-analysis showed that due to ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism，the overall effect of each subgroup was statistically significant（P<0.05）： allele gene model OR=1.39，95% CI（1.07，1.81）， dominant gene model OR=1.37，95% CI（1.13，1.66），recessive gene model OR=1.62，95% CI（1.02，2.57）， homozygous gene model OR=1.92，95% CI（1.14，3.22），and heterozygous gene model OR=1.33，95% CI（1.06，1.66）.Conclusion： Current findings confirmed that ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphism is associated with clopidogrel resistance.
Investigation and analysis of the status of clinical research coordinators
Authors:   Department of Medical Oncology,Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center,Department of Oncology,Shanghai Medical College,Fudan University, FENG Yu , RAO Lin , QIAO Jie
Published: January 2021

Objective： To investigate the current status of clinical research coordinators（CRCs） in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center，so as to optimize the current management mode and improve the quality of drug clinical trials.Methods： A survey was made among 104 CRCs in the hospital by using a self-made questionnaire，which included professional background，problems facing CRCs and their opinions or suggestions concerning the current management mode.Finally，the study made a descriptive statistical analysis of the obtained results.Results and Conclusion： Most of the CRCs in the hospital had an educational background of above undergraduate course in related medical science，over 80% of them had service years of less than 3 years，and less than 50% of them used to undertake clinical trials independently before they took up their posts in the hospital.The majority of the CRCs had a love for their profession and a sense of accomplishment，but only 20% of them had a sense of home-coming and approval.The feelings of heavy workload and dissatisfaction with salary widely existed among CRCs.Poor cooperation between subjects and pharmacy intravenous admixture service（PIVAS） and CRCs occasionally occurred in work.CRCs put forward a series of suggestions on the current CRCs management mode in the hospital.Such measures as setting up CRCs access threshold，raising salary，enriching training contents，reforming the work system of PIVAS，enhancing the sense of responsibility of clinical researchers，and holding regular informal discussions should be taken to intensify the construction of the CRCs team both professionally and from the aspect of team stability in the long run.
Efficacy comparison of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with nedaplatin and cisplatin in inoperable locally-advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors:   Department of Respiratory Medicine,Guanyun County People’s Hospital,Lianyungang,Jiangsu Province, WU Yongli , CHEN Kuantang , WANG Jun
Published: January 2021

Objective： To compare the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with nedaplatin and cisplatin in inoperative locally-advanced non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）.Methods： Eighty patients with locally-advanced NSCLC treated in Guanyun County People’s Hospital，Lianyungang，Jiangsu Province，from January 2015 to January 2019 were enrolled as study subjects，and were randomly divided into the nedaplatin group and the cisplatin group，each consisting of 40 patients.The patients in the 2 groups were treated with linear accelerator 6 MV high energy X-ray and 3D-CRT，5 times a week for a succession of 6 weeks，with a total dosage of 55-66 Gy.Then，the patients were given paclitaxel（155 mg/m2） intravenously for 3 hours in the first day after radiotherapy，and the patients in the cisplatin group were treated with cisplatin（80 mg/m2） intravenously for 3 to 4 days，and the patients in the nedaplatin group were given nedaplatin（80 mg/m2） intravenously also for 3 to 4 days.The efficacy，the levels of such serum tumor markers as carcinoembryonic antigen（CEA），carbohydrate antigen 125（CA125），neuron specific enolase（NSE） and cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1（CYFRA21-1），as well as the rate of adverse drug reactions（ADRs） were compared between the 2 groups.Results： There was no statistical significance in remission rate and disease control rate，when comparisons were made between the 2 groups（P>0.05）.After treatment，CEA，CA125，NSE and CYFRA21-1 levels in the 2 groups were significantly lower than those before treatment（P<0.05）.There were no significant differences in CEA and CA125 levels，when comparisons were made between the 2 groups（P>0.05）.However，NSE and CYFRA21-1 levels in the patients of the nedaplatin group were significantly lower than those of the cisplatin group（P<0.05）.The rates of leucopenia，neutropenia，nausea and vomiting，constipation or diarrhea，increase of blood urea nitrogen or creatinine，and weight loss in the nedaplatin group were significantly lower than those in the cisplatin group（P<0.05）.Conclusion： Nedaplatin has similar efficacy as cisplatin in the treatment of inoperable locally-advanced NSCLC，with higher safety，meanwhile it could decrease the levels of NSE and CYFRA21-1.For this reason，it is worthy further clinical promotion.
Feasibility study of morphine-induced rat pica model by tail vein injection to replace vomiting model
Authors:   Laboratory Center of Anesthesiology,Wannan Medical College, ZHOU Weijian , BAO Pengju , GUO Wenjun , HONG Ting , YANG Menwang , FANG Shangping
Published: January 2021

Objective： To explore the feasibility of the morphine-induced rat pica model by tail vein injection to replace the vomiting model，and the effective dose of morphine with less severe complications when the model was developed.Methods： Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group and the M1，M2，M3 and M4 groups，each consisting of 10 animals. The rats in the blank control group were injected with 10 ml/kg normal saline（NS） via tail vein，while the animals in the M1，M2，M3 and M4 groups were injected with morphine hydrochloride injection at a dosage of 5，10，20 and 30 mg/kg via tail vein.Heart rate，blood oxygen saturation and activities of the animals were closely observed and recorded at 5，10 and 15 minutes after medication.Then，changes in the intake of kaolin，feed and water of the rats in each group were recorded and compared between the groups for 4 successive days after medication.Results： The blood oxygen saturation in the morphine treatment groups all reduced significantly，and statistical significance could be seen，when it was compared with that of the blank control group（P<0.05）.On the first day after medication，the intake of kaolin in the M3 and M4 groups increased significantly，as compared with that of the blank control group（P<0.05）.On the third day after medication，the intake of kaolin in the M1 group significantly increased，as compared with that of the blank control group（P<0.05）.Conclusion： The rat pica model was established by tail vein injection of morphine，which could be used to replace the vomiting model.The effective dose of morphine was 20 mg/kg with less severe complications.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin in a patient with bloodstream infection by Enterococcus faecium
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy,the First Hospital of China Medical University, LUO Yifan , REN Lixiang , JIANG Mingyan
Published: January 2021

Objective： To analyze the blood concentration，efficacy and adverse drug reactions（ADRs） of teicoplanin in treatment of bloodstream infection by Enterococcus faecium.Methods： Changes in physiological and pathological indexes of the patient were closely followed and recorded，and the treatment regimen was adjusted according to the results of therapeutic drug monitoring（TDM） of teicoplanin.Results： In the light of the results of therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin，bloodstream infection was cured，pathogenic microorganism was effectively eliminated and no ADRs occurred.Conclusion： With TDM，teicoplanin could be safely and effectively used in the treatment of blood stream infection.
Pharmaceutical care of a patient with severe hand-foot skin reactions induced by apatinib mesylate and literature review
Authors:   .Department of Pharmacy,Yancheng Third People’s Hospital,Jiangsu Province, HE Doudou , ZHENG Xiaochun
Published: January 2021

Objective： To explore pharmaceutical care methods for hand-foot skin reactions induced by apatinib mesylate tablets，so as to provide reference for rational use of drugs clinically.Methods： A case of severe hand-foot skin reactions induced by apatinib mesylate tablets in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer was reported.The clinical manifestations，treatment principles and possible mechanism of the disease were reviewed in combination with literature.Results： Most of the hand-foot skin reactions caused by oral administration of apatinib mesylate tablets occurred 2-3 weeks after medication，mostly with clinical manifestations of erythema in palms，fingers，joints and toes accompanied with swelling and pain，as well as hyperkeratosis of the skin with paresthesia.The occurrence of hand-foot skin reactions caused by apatinib mesylate tablets were associated with such factors as inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor and decreased capillary repair capacity and other factors.To prevent its occurrence，daily life care，adjustment of the dosage of apatinib mesylate，external application of topical emollients containing urea，analgesics and external use of super-potent topical corticosteroids could obviously reduce the severity of hand-foot skin reactions.If hand-foot skin reactions were recurrent and difficult to control，replacement with other targeted drugs could be considered.Conclusion： In the application of apatinib mesylate tablets，hand-foot skin reactions were not rare.Close attention should be paid to drug monitoring on the part of clinicians and clinical pharmacists，so that the occurrence of adverse drug reactions could be reduced.In case there were hand-foot skin reactions，timely symptomatic treatment and close observation should be given，so as to improve the safety and efficacy of drug therapy.
Financial Risk Tolerance: The Case of Older Chinese in Klang Valley, Malaysia 2020
Authors: Chong Shyue Chuan , Heng Han Kok , Lim Siok Jin , Navaratnam Vejaratnam , Neoh Andaeus Zun Khan
Published: January 2021

Ageing demographic profiles pose challenges to the nation as policymakers are concerned about the health, public pension and the financial management of the society. In Malaysia, retirees are mostly dependent on savings from the Employees Provident Fund (EPF), a government agency that manages savings and retirement plans for private-sector employees and non-pensionable public servants. Many Malaysians aged past the targeted retirement age of 60 years old chose to remain in the workforce, mainly due to insufficient retirement funds or has depleted their retirement funds in a short period. To ensure sufficient funds to attain an ideal retirement life, Malaysians resort to invest or seek business opportunities. Thus, this paper studies the impact of demographic characteristics (sex, age, and educational level) and finance characteristics (financial knowledge and financial satisfaction) on the risk tolerance among older Malaysian Chinese in the year 2020. The results of this study showed that the older Malaysian Chinese risk tolerance is highly influenced by sex, age, education level, financial knowledge and financial satisfaction.
Financial Sustainability Assessment of the Largest Systemically Important Credit Institutions in the Context of the Global Instability
Authors: Savchina Oksana V. , Sidorina Ekaterina A. , Savchina Olga V. , Shcherbachenko Petr S.
Published: January 2021

The national banking system is the driver for the national economy that unites various types of credit organizations that operate within a single monetary mechanism. The banking system is a part of the economic “organism”, whose condition determines the stable development of society. The problems that currently exist in the banking sector reflect instability of the entire economic situation in the country. The reasons are a reduction in budget support for organizations and the inability of some of them to adapt to changing external conditions. In crisis conditions, it is of particular interest to assess the financial sustainability of the activity of the largest systemically important banks in the country, which are the “circulatory system” of the national economy. This article assesses the financial stability of PJSC “Sberbank of Russia” based on an analysis of the main groups of its performance indicators for 2007-2019: capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, profitability and liquidity. According to the research results, it is revealed that during the period under review, the activity of Sberbank is stable with respect to such indicators as capital adequacy, profitability, management efficiency and liquidity. Bank activity is unstable relative to asset quality indicators. The high value of the asset quality ratio characterizes the increased degree of riskiness of operations conducted. The ratio of overdue debt is above the norm, which adversely affects the financial stability of the bank. The most important achievement of Sberbank of Russia in 2019 - the launch of a new digital platform of the bank. The use of artificial intelligence technologies has already become an important driver of Sberbank business. Due to the pandemic of COVID-19, the Russian banking sector may face a number of problems. By 2021-2022, the growth is expected only by those banks that will build an effective risk management system and will be able to adapt their business strategies to the new economic realities and tougher requirements of the regulator.
Social Capital of Bank Leaders and Activities of Commercial Banks
Authors: Nhung Vu Cam , Phuong Lai Cao Mai
Published: January 2021

This study has explored and measured the composition of social capital of leaders affecting the capital activities, capital use and service provision of Vietnam commercial banks. The research hypotheses are built on previous studies and developed through expert interviews. The research model uses a system of questions to build out 4 scales of social capital of bank leaders. Research results from 243 leaders of bank branches in Ho Chi Minh show that the social capital of bank leaders, expressed through their social relationships with subjects such as friends, colleagues, business partners and managers at all levels, is is very important to the operations of banks. Based on this finding, the social capital of bank leaders should be considered as an important resource to exploit and improve the business performance of the bank.
Carbon Credit Risk Mitigation of Deforestation: A Study on the Performance of P2H Products and Services in Indonesia
Authors: Utami Wiwik , Nugroho Lucky , Jayasinghe Kelum
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze the performance of the loan products and services offered by Indonesian government’s Forest Development Financing Center (BLU-P2H Center) that target the prevention and repair of forest damage. The methodology used is a systematic literature review that identifies, assesses, and interprets this chosen research topic's findings. The study attempts to answer three formulated research questions— (i) How can P2H products and services policies that align with the carbon credit risk mitigation of deforestation be mapped?; (ii) How should P2H products and services that contribute to carbon credit risk mitigation be investigated?; and (iii) How can the impact of P2H products and services in preventing deforestation be measured? The systematic literature review findings highlight that the Indonesian Government has adopted some important provisions and institutions, namely P2H products and services, and carried out loan disbursements to prevent forest destruction, specifically, the forestry business and environmental investment financing. The findings also indicate that while the government most extensively disbursed certain loans, such as community forest enterprises (HR), there was a low level of loan disbursement for community forest-based loans (HKm) because of the constraints faced by farmers in arable land that produces seasonal crops. Therefore, the study implicates that the forest destruction, particularly in Indonesia, resulting from illegal logging by local communities, needs to be further prevented by increasing the public knowledge on the sustainability impact of deforestation and also by increasing the public’s access to and opportunities for public welfare, alternative livelihoods, and micro-business activities. The study findings also make an original contribution to the literature on the carbon credit risk mitigation of forest damage as they illustrate a government-sponsored, innovative P2H scheme in the form of loan disbursement aiming to reduce and prevent forest destruction.
Financial Inclusion and Tax Revenue: Evidence From Europe
Authors: Al-Own Bassam , Bani-Khalid Tareq
Published: January 2021

This paper aimed to investigate the relationship between financial inclusion and tax revenue using measures from the Global Findex database for a sample of 28 European countries between 2011- 2017. The data were analysed using panel data methodology. The number of people who are financially included in this observed period might increase over time, which would create more income and in turn lead to higher tax contributions to the government. We found strong evidence to suggest that financial inclusion represents one of the determinants of tax revenue in European countries. Results of the analysis show positive and significant impact of financial inclusion as measured by Bank account (% of age +15) and credit card ownership (% age 15+) on tax revenues measures. The results are robust using several sources of taxation. The findings suggest that higher financial inclusion is associated with more tax revenue. These results should be of great interest to regulators and policymakers to take advantage of the developments on financial inclusion.
Impact of Covid-19 in the European Start-ups Business and the Idea to Re-energise the Economy
Authors: Kalogiannidis Stavros , Chatzitheodoridis Fotios
Published: January 2021

This paper has been constructed with the aim to evaluate the profound Impact of Covid-19 in the European start-ups business as well as to illustrate certain effective ideas in order to re-energise the economy. The sudden arrival of this deadly pandemic has impacted the overall world in many different ways and economy is one of them. Therefore, through the execution of secondary research, this study is going to assess the distinctive notions of economic downfall in the context of European countries and different industries of this continent. In the last decade start-ups have generated a lot of employment. Start-ups have found new markets and opportunities that have revolutionised the way business has been perceived. The titans of commerce and various industries have been left behind by smart innovation and sheer brilliance. So it is only natural that there should be more scrutiny on the impacts of the Corona pandemic on the start-up industry. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the start-up industry should be carefully studied in order to make more informed policies. The aim of this paper is to study the impact of Covid-19 on the start-up industry of the European Union. This paper will also make an in depth study of the strategic remedies employed by various governments re energise the sector.
Revisiting the Impact of Mobile Banking in Financial Inclusion Among the Developing Countries
Authors: Akter Ummahani , Anwar S. M. Rakibul , Mustafa Riduanul , Ali Zulfiqure
Published: January 2021

Financial inclusion ensures financial products and services at reasonable rates for individuals and aims to introduce unbanked people into banking and financial services. The study aims to explore the effect that mobile banking facilities have on financial inclusion in 17 developing countries. From 2011 to 2017, this study took data from the three dimensions of financial inclusion called "Penetration," "Access," and "Uses". This paper took the Sarma model of Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI) to measure financial inclusion. This paper incorporates mobile money accounts as a "penetration" variable and Mobile banking outlet as an "Access" variable with existing model variables to quantify the effect of mobile banking. This research finds that mobile banking positively impacts the selected countries, though the degree of the changes is not symmetric. African regional countries have improved their financial inclusion after introducing mobile banking much better compared to other regions. This study is limited to examining mobile banking effects on selected emerging countries only. Future research may be devoted to developing more innovative strategies and tools to reach out to unbanked people, including people who face disparities in mobile phone ownership and bandwidth allocation.
The Determinants of Tax Revenues: Empirical Evidence From Jordan
Authors: Al-Qudah Ali Mustafa
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants of tax revenues (TXR) in Jordan. The study covered the period (1990-2019) and used ARDL Bound test for co-integration, ARDL Long Run form, and ARDL Error Correction regression to examine the study hypotheses. The results of the bound test and co-integration equation (CointEq1) shows that there exists a long run relationship between (INDUST, LPCI, FD, FAID, GE, OPEN) and (TXR) in Jordan. The analysis results revealed that per capita GDP, fiscal deficit and government expenditure have a positive significant impact on tax revenues in the short run and long run. While, Foreign aids has a negative significant impact on tax revenues. Industrial sector Value added and economic openness have a positive significant impact in the short run while having a positive insignificant impact on tax revenues in the long run. The results explore that per capita GDP, fiscal deficit, foreign aids and government expenditure are good determinants for tax revenues in the short run as well as in the long run, while industrial sector value added and economic openness are good determinants in the short run. The findings suggest a reduction in government expenditure due to the upward trend in the fiscal deficit and public debt, and the continued increase in (GE) leading to more internal and external imbalances.
The Impact of Audit Committee Performance and Composition on Financial Reporting Quality in Jordan
Authors: Alawaqleh Qasim Ahmad , Almasri Nashat
Published: January 2021

The corporate governance literature indicates efforts to investigate the role of the audit committee (AC) in improving the financial reporting quality (FRQ) after the emergence of financial scandals in many countries in the world, inclusive Jordan. To date, empirical findings are inconclusive enough to address all audit committee characteristics regarding its competency and responsibilities by employing a questionnaire to collect data about this relationship. Thus, this study measures the correlation between AC (performance and composition) and FRQ of manufacturing corporations registered on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). To test this impact empirically, the target population was financial managers, audit committee members, and internal audit managers who are working in manufacturing corporations listed on the (ASE). According to the coefficient (β), the independent variables (Audit Committee Performance and Audit Committee Composition influence the dependent variable FRQ. This research recommends that firms enhance the audit committee work performance and composition to ensure audit committee members effectively enhance the FRQ audit committee is a vital mechanism of the firm's corporate governance system.
Applying the ARIMA Model to the Process of Forecasting GDP and CPI in the Jordanian Economy
Authors: Ghazo Abdullah
Published: January 2021

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and consumer price index (CPI) are significant indicators to describe and evaluate economic activity and levels of development. They are also often used by decision makers so as to plan economic policy. This paper aims at modeling and predicting GDP and CPI in Jordan. In order to achieve this goal, the study applied the Box- Jenkins (JB) methodology for the period 1976-2019. Based on the results, ARIMA (3,1,1) found to be the best model for the GDP. In addition, ARIMA (1,1,0) was the best model for forecasting the CPI. The results were supported with the findings of the stationarity and identification rules test of time series under using AIC and SIC criterion. The forecasted values of the GDP and the CPI for the next three years (2020-2022) were (29342.12, 32095.10, 35106.36 million JD) and (128.31, 133.28, 139.28) respectively. Compared with 2019, the GDP is forecasted to decrease in 2020, while the CPI is forecasted to increase in 2020. This implies that the Jordanian economy is tending toward stagflation. After 2020, both GDP and CPI increased, which indicates that Jordanian economy is tending toward cost-push inflation.
Understanding Co-Working with The Growth and Development of Freelancers
Authors: Shepard Jeffrey M.
Published: January 2021

The global workplace is changing, and co-working is growing up considerably in this new workspace. In the 21stcentury, co-working spaces are growing rapidly, and it is expected that by 2020, freelancers who use these spaceswill make up 50% of the total workforce. When they first started, they were viewed as being ideal for creatives, orpeople who were looking to start out their businesses. As the freelancing world continues to evolve, more peoplefrom all professions are making use of it.This paper shall look at this development in co-working, and the results which reveal that there is growth forfreelancers. These are spaces that are forming a new section of the economy, especially when it comes to making themost of the digital economy as well as the knowledge economy. In this paper, an in-depth review has been carriedout, and there is a qualitative study of freelances who are making use of co-working spaces. It seeks to understandthe reasons that these spaces are helping to elevate growth, as well as the development of freelancers.It has been revealed that the key reason co-working continues to be a primary choice for freelancers is the costeffectiveness, as it is lower in cost than setting up a business. In addition, it helps with building social relationshipswithin the work place, without any stress linked with maintaining these relationships. What was once perfect forcreatives, is now available for all types of freelancers.
Challenges Faced by Women Entrepreneurs in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nawaz Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Although there are big numbers of women entrepreneurs in Pakistan, and their percentage in the population is almosthalf 49.6%. They can play an important role in the economy. In Pakistan, most of the studies were on opportunitiesfor the women in Pakistan. In this study, we tried to explore research questions: what sort of difficulties areexperienced by females “entrepreneurs” in Pakistan? How ‘societal and cultural aspects effect “women entrepreneurs”in Pakistan? For this purpose, I opted the qualitative research strategy. There were some emerging themes. In the end,I concluded this study, discussed some limitations, and suggested future directions.
Investigating the Effect of Corporate Diversification on the Value of Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Authors: Amiri Hoshang , Sawari Samare , Bazrafshan Mahdi
Published: January 2021

This research examined effect of corporate diversification on the firm's value in companies listed in Tehran StockExchange during the years 2006 till 2013. To answer the question posed one hypothesis. The hypothesis examined therelationship between the company's diversification and growth opportunities. Dependent variable of the study iscompany's value. Enterprise value has been calculated by natural logarithm of the market value per share of thecompany's expected value. The independent variable of this research is diversification that was calculated by entropyindex. To select the sample size of the study population the systematic elimination method is used, and finally 263companies that were consistent with the research, was selected. To test the hypothesis of Panel data is used. The resultsshow a significant positive impact between diversification and company's firm value.
Revolutionizing Public Universities of Ethiopia through Appreciative Inquiry Approach: A Case Study of Jigjiga University, Ethiopia
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Jemal
Published: January 2021

Appreciative inquiry is a qualitative approach focusing on discovering and appreciating potential strengths and thecore value of organizations. This article has tried to explore the potential of appreciative inquiry to bring a positivechange in Jigjiga University of Ethiopia. The paper starts with the description of appreciative inquiry and the 4 “D”(Discovery, Dream, Design, and Destiny) model of appreciative inquiry. It has also tried to appraise the effectivenessof appreciative inquiry approach and design in bringing about change in the management system of JigjigaUniversity. The study is a case study of Jigjiga University within a context of higher education using appreciativeinquiry to assess the need for change and make recommendations on this basis. The author has four year experienceas academic staff, manager and lecturer in Jigjiga University. Hence, besides to the literature, the data have beendrawn from his own practical experience. Moreover, researches that have been done by Jigjiga UniversityAnticorruption Directorate and various annul reports of Jigjiga University have served as a main source of dataconcerning Jigjiga University management status. The author has tried to appraise the gaps of problem solvingapproach to transform Jigjiga University. The potential of the appreciative inquiry approach to bring sustainablechange in the University has also been highlighted. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to appraise the feasibilityand potential of appreciative inquiry approach to bring recommendable changes across several departments of JigjigaUniversity.
Building a Model of Government Spending Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Analysis from 2001 to 2019: A Case Study of Jordan
Authors: Mohammad Alawneh Ateyah
Published: January 2021

The study aims to build a model of government spending in Jordan using ARDL analysis through the use of an E-views program by determining the relationships between government spending and variables, such as the gross domestic product (GDP), government revenues, economic openness (OP), inflation rate, unemployment, population growth rate, and public debt. The statistical analysis showed a significant positive relationship between government spending and (GDP) and government revenues. It revealed significant positive relationships between government spending and) OP (and inflation. It found the statistically significant negative effect of the unemployment rate and the population growth rate on government spending. A negative relationship was found between government spending lag (1) and current government spending. Public debt was found to have a positive but not statistically significant effect on government spending. The relationships between the dependent variable and independent variables of government spending were consistent with unrestricted ARDL analysis in the long term. The analysis showed a statistically significant positive relationship between government spending and GDP at a short-term level but a statistically significant negative relationship between government spending and independent variables, such as population growth rate, inflation rate, and unemployment rate at a short-term level. One of the most important recommendations of the study was working to increase government spending in a way that is compatible with the increasing population growth. The study recommends government intervention to bring in more revenue through income-generating economic activities.

Contribution / Originality: This will be one of the few studies to build a model of government spending using Autonomous Distributed Regression (ARDL). The study also provides a scientific addition in the field of financial and economic sciences from a scientific point of view through the use of different statistical methods using ARDL analysis on the long and short levels to assist the government in preparing the state's general budget. The study also helps the government to develop in the field of public finances and prepare an unconventional general budget.
An Empirical Study of Factors Influencing Consumers’ Purchasing Behaviours in Shopping Malls
Authors: Man Mandy Mok Kim , Qiu Ricky Cai Qian
Published: January 2021

Since a couple of years ago, the development of shopping malls is booming in the Klang Valley-Kuala Lumpur area in Malaysia. Motivating consumers for frequent visits to shopping complexes is imperative in order to run a successful shopping mall in such a competitive retail environment like the Klang Valley-Kuala Lumpur with over 100 shopping plazas. Getting knowledge of the elements attracting consumers to visit a shopping mall and make purchases is of greatest importance in order to achieve high profit return and increase economic growth and development of a nation. The objective of this research paper is to study the factors influencing the consumers’ buying behaviours in the shopping malls. The environmental related factors (building structure, atmosphere, sounds and music and fragrance and smell), services related factors (personal services, price, advertising and promotion), administrative related factors (tenant mix, anchor tenant, entertainments) as well as transportation and location related factors (parking, location, accessibility) were identified as independent variables and consumer’s buying behaviour within the malls as a dependent variable. A research framework was developed based on a thorough literature review. There were 200 responses collected from consumers in four shopping malls in Klang Valley-Kuala Lumpur area. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were carried out using the SPSS software package to obtain the results.

The results of this research indicate that environmental, transportation and location related factors have significant impact on consumers’ buying behaviours in the shopping malls. The results congruent with previous studies by Brengman et al. (2012) and Grimmer et al. (2016) that indicated that environmental related factors have positive effects on consumers’ purchase behaviours. Additionally, this study also found that transportation and location related factors have significant relationship with consumers’ purchase behaviours as mentioned by Saber et al. (2017) and Samiran et al. (2015). The findings can be adopted by the shopping malls’ managers to improve overall shopping malls’ performance as well as by mall developers to evaluate the mall site’s location and construction designs. For academicians, this study could be used as a ground work for further exploration of the possibilities to influence consumers’ purchase behaviours through different marketing strategies to increase sales and profits.
Book review: An example of students who can self-assess themselves and work autonomously, by Juan Carlos Araujo Portugal
Authors: Marjanovic Jelena
Published: January 2021

Book review: An example of students who can self-assess themselves and work autonomously, by Juan Carlos Araujo Portugal
Exploring the effects of pre-task planning time on EFL learners’ narrative writing
Authors: Ashoori Tootkaboni Arezoo , Pakzadian Maryam
Published: January 2021

The present study is carried out in order to provide deeper insights into the differential effects of pre-task planning time conditions on Iranian EFL learners’ narrative writing production (accuracy, fluency, and complexity). To this end, three intact classes comprising 70 EFL language learners, studying in private language institutes in Iran, were randomly assigned to either no pre-task planning, 5 minute pre-task planning or 10 minute pre-task planning conditions. Analysis of the written narratives and the results of a series of one-way ANOVA revealed that both 5 minute and 10 minute pre-task planning groups showed substantial progress compared to those in the no pre-task planning group regarding the accuracy, fluency and complexity of their output. The obtained results support the view that providing pre-task planning opportunities leads task performers to produce the kind of output which displays improved complexity, accuracy, and fluency. The results also have some implications for teachers and practitioners in EFL contexts.
Effective moderation in asynchronous discussion forums in online language classrooms
Authors: Robbins Jackie
Published: January 2021

This study investigates the effectiveness of different online language teaching practices by comparing participation of four groups of learners and teachers in two tasks in asynchronous discussion forums. The tasks are carried out in the context of an online English as a Foreign Language (EFL) B2 course at a Catalan university. Teacher posts to the forums are analysed qualitatively with the aim of identifying different types of teacher posts; we then run inferential statistics to compare student participation data in classrooms with different course completion rates and in two types of task. Findings indicate that when teachers participate in forum discussions as peers and ask questions that generate discussion, they are more likely to encourage learners to participate, a pattern that seems to emerge more clearly in classrooms with higher course completion rates.
La mejora de las habilidades comunicativas como espacio de innovación: un acercamiento al Proyecto Lingüístico de Centro (PLC)
Authors: Fabregat Barrios Santiago
Published: January 2021

El Proyecto Lingüístico de Centro (PLC) ofrece una respuesta al reto de la mejora de la competencia comunicativa de los estudiantes desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar y constituye un espacio de coordinación, innovación y transformación en el ámbito educativo. En este artículo llevamos a cabo un acercamiento teórico al concepto de PLC, contextualizado en el sistema educativo español, y describimos una propuesta concreta de intervención (el Programa para la Innovación Educativa Proyecto Lingüístico de Centro), desarrollado, en su formato actual, desde el curso 2015-16 en centros educativos no universitarios de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía. Completamos e ilustramos esta descripción con un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de datos procedentes del desarrollo del programa, que pone el foco en el trabajo de las habilidades comunicativas y en las percepciones del profesorado implicado en su puesta en marcha. Los resultados sugieren que el PLC constituye un modelo posible a la hora de impulsar las actuaciones de mejora de la CCL en los centros educativos.
Demarcación ética y jurídica entre la asistencia personal y la asistencia sexual en un contexto de vida independiente
Authors: García Ortiz Manuel
Published: January 2021

La figura del asistente personal aún no está plenamente desarrollada normativamente y existe el riesgo de que sirva de cobertura o marco laboral a la actividad de asistencia sexual, al estar esta última en los límites del marco legal vigente. La asistencia personal, en el contexto de un proyecto de vida independiente, debe desarrollarse para servir de instrumento a la autonomía personal de la persona con discapacidad y claramente demarcada en sus funciones para no confundir ambas actividades.
Conversaciones en centros residenciales de personas mayores durante la covid-19: impacto en las profesionales de los cuidados
Authors: Lázaro Raquel , Pinzón Sandra , Díaz-Veiga Pura , Castejón Villarejo Penélope , Azurmendi Maider , Uriarte Alberto
Published: January 2021

Este artículo analiza la experiencia durante la crisis de la covid-19 de 146 profesionales que aplican el enfoque de atención centrada en la persona en residencias de personas mayores. Según los testimonios, la crisis tuvo efectos globales y provocó un cambio brusco en los vínculos relacionales sobre los que se sustenta la atención centrada en las personas. La certeza que recompone estos vínculos se encuentra en la pertenencia, el propósito, el equipo, la confianza y una actitud positiva. La información, la participación, el reconocimiento y los lugares de encuentro se identifican como estrategias promotoras de bienestar, no solo en situaciones de emergencia sanitaria sino también como acciones estables en contextos de cuidados centrados en las personas.
The possible reduction of phenol-formaldehyde resin spread rate by its nanocellulose-reinforcement in plywood manufacturing process
Authors: Kawalerczyk Jakub , Dziurka Dorota , Mirski Radosław
Published: January 2021

The possible reduction of phenol-formaldehyde resin spread rate by its nanocellulose-reinforcement in plywood manufacturing process. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin consumption in plywood by its reinforcement with cellulosic nanoparticles (NCC). In order to determine the possible reduction of resin spread rate bonding quality was assessed both after boiling in water for 24h and after ageing test including i.e. boiling in water. Studies have shown that the addition of nanocellulose made it possible to significantly reduce the amount of the applied adhesive. Reference samples were characterized by similar shear strength values to experimental plywood manufactured with the adhesive application of 140 g/m2. NCC-reinforcement resulted also in the increase of mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity and bending strength. The analysis of the data confirmed the tendency observed during bonding quality evaluation and it was concluded that resin modification allowed to reduce its spread rate by 30 g/m2.