bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stanisława Jaworska – jedna z ofiar zbrodni na Barbarce
Authors: Wicherek Bartłomiej
Published: June 2024

W artykule ukazano postać jednej z ofiar zbrodni pomorskiej – Stanisławy Jaworskiej – ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ostatnich miesięcy życia. Została zapamiętana m.in. jako dobra nauczycielka, wieloletnia i pełna zaangażowania harcerka oraz wyróżniająca się działaczka społeczna. 17 października 1939 r., wraz z grupą nauczycieli z Wrzosów została aresztowana, a następnie osadzona w Forcie VII. W tekście omówiono okoliczności związane z tym wydarzeniem, warunki panujące w celi, a także ostatnie chwile przed jej zamordowaniem nieopodal osady leśnej na Barbarce. Jaworska, jako jedna z niewielu ofiar, została ekshumowana w toku prowadzonych w 1946 r. badań jednej z zachowanych mogił.
Closing the Borders to End Human Trafficking: Moral Panic and the New Official State Politics on the Refugee Crisis in Greece
Authors: Mareta Dimitra
Published: June 2024

This article traces the incident on the Greece–Turkey border in spring 2020 as a turning point in asylum seeker flow management in Greece. It argues that the handling of the event can be approached using moral panic theory, and it explains why the government has chosen its tough stance against these people. It further explores the government’s rhetoric during this event and the consequences of this shift both on the asylum policies leading to pushbacks and on the legitimization of these policies within the Greek society, which could be claimed to have made the Pylos shipwreck acceptable, as examined in its last section.
What I say, or how I say it? Ethnic accents and hiring evaluations in the Greater Toronto Area
Authors: Jackson Samantha , Denis Derek
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This study investigated accent bias against job applicants with extralocal (non-Canadian) English accents in the Greater Toronto Area. Verbal guises recorded by British, Chinese, German, Indian, Jamaican, and Nigerian women and by Canadian women with at least one parent from these countries were evaluated by forty-eight human resources students, who rated the content of job interview responses and the candidates’ ‘expression’ and ‘employability’, determined what job they should be interviewed for, and provided commentary. Canadian voices were especially privileged in comments on speech. Quantitative analysis of responses reflected bias against extralocal voices. Consequently, we provide recommendations for relevant stakeholders.
Self-testing knowledge and beliefs on HIV self-testing use in central Uganda
Authors: Nsereko Gerald Mukisa , Kobusingye Loyce Kiiza , Musanje Khamisi , Nangendo Joanita , Nantamu Simon , Baluku Martin Mabunda
Published: June 2024

The government of Uganda and its implementing partners have made significant investments in HIV self-testing (HST) services to reduce clinic-related barriers to HIV testing. However, although HSTs have been around for a reasonable time, their uptake, especially among unskilled working individuals, has remained suboptimal, which threatens the efforts to achieve the 95-95-95 UNAIDS goals to end HIV by 2030. This study set out to examine whether knowledge and individual beliefs about self-testing influence the use of HIV self-tests among causal workers in Kampala. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 453 participants selected via systematic random sampling from Darling Uganda Ltd. in Wakiso district between July and September 2023. Standardized questionnaires were used, and the analysis was performed using Pearson Correlations and Linear Regression in SPSS. The findings indicate that HIV self-testing (HST) knowledge was positively related to HST use (r = .387, p≤.01), perceived susceptibility (r = .212, p≤.01), perceived benefits (r = .152, p≤.01), and perceived barriers (r = .101, p≤.05). Individual beliefs, that is, perceived susceptibility (r = .355, p≤.01), perceived benefits (r = .487, p≤.01), and perceived barriers (r = .148, p≤.01), were significantly related to HST use. Perceived benefits were the best predictor of HST use among this population (β = .442, p = .000). Therefore, (44.2%) of HST use was attributed to the benefits attached to the service. Therefore, increasing awareness regarding the benefits of HST among such populations increases the chances of HIV testing, particularly among men. This can pave the way for the 95-95-95 goal by 2030 of UNAIDS.
Sociodemographic predictors of the association between self-reported sleep duration and depression
Authors: Al Balushi Mitha , Ahmad Amar , Al Balushi Sara , Javaid Sayed , Al-Maskari Fatma , Abdulle Abdishakur , Ali Raghib
Published: June 2024

A growing interest has been recently reported in exploring sleep duration within psychology context in particular to its relation to some mental chronic diseases such as depression. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between self-reported sleep hours as an outcome and self-perceived depression among Emirati adults, after adjusting for sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, and employment status. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using 11,455 participants baseline data of the UAE Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed with self-reported sleep hours as an outcome. The predictors were the self-reported depression by measuring the PHQ-8 score, sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, and employment status) Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. In a sensitivity analysis, a multivariate imputation by chained equations (MICE) procedure was applied with classification and Regression Trees (CART) to impute missing values. Overall, 11,455 participants were included in the final analysis of this study. Participants’ median age was 32.0 years (Interquartile-Range: 24.0, 39.0). There were 6,217 (54.3%) males included in this study. In total, 4,488 (63.6%) of the participants reported sleep duration of more than 7 hours. Statistically significant negative association was observed between the total PHQ-8 score as a measure for depression and binarized self-reported sleep, OR = 0.961 (95% CI: 0.948, 0.974). For one unit increase in age and BMI, the odds ratio of reporting shorter sleep was 0.979 (95% CI: 0.969, 0.990) and 0.987 (95% CI: 0.977, 0.998), respectively. The study findings indicate a correlation between self-reported depression and an increased probability of individuals reporting shorter self-perceived sleep durations especially when considering the sociodemographic factors as predictors. There was a variation in the effect of depression on sleep duration among different study groups. In particular, the association between reported sleep duration and reported depression, students and unemployed individuals have reported longer sleep hours as compared to employed participants. Also, married individuals reported a higher percentage of longer sleep duration as compared to single and unmarried ones when examined reported depression as a predictor to sleep duration. However, there was no gender differences in self-perceived sleep duration when associated with reported depression.
Detection and validation of common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula) with a pulse radar and acoustic monitoring in the proximity of an onshore wind turbine
Authors: Krapivnitckaia Polina , Kreutzfeldt Jannes , Schritt Helge , Reimers Holger , Floeter Carolin , Reich Michael , Kunz Veit Dominik
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the results of bats detected with marine radar and their validation with acoustic detectors in the vicinity of a wind turbine with a hub height of 120 m. Bat detectors are widely used by researchers, even though the common acoustic detectors can cover only a relatively small volume. In contrast, radar technology can overcome this shortcoming by offering a large detection volume, fully covering the rotor-swept areas of modern wind turbines. Our study focused on the common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula). The measurement setup consisted of a portable X-band pulse radar with a modified radar antenna, a clutter shielding fence, and an acoustic bat detector installed in the wind turbine’s nacelle. The radar’s detection range was evaluated using an analytical simulation model. We developed a methodology based on a strict set of criteria for selecting suitable radar data, acoustic data and identified bat tracks. By applying this methodology, the study data was limited to time intervals with an average duration of 48 s, which is equal to approximately 20 radar images. For these time intervals, 323 bat tracks were identified. The most common bat speed was extracted to be between 9 and 10 m/s, matching the values found in the literature. Of the 323 identified bat tracks passed within 80 m of the acoustic detector, 32% had the potential to be associated with bat calls due to their timing, directionality, and distance to the acoustic bat detector. The remaining 68% passed within the studied radar detection volume but out of the detection volume of the acoustic bat detector. A comparison of recorded radar echoes with the expected simulated values indicated that the in-flight radar cross-section of recorded common noctule bats was mostly between 1.0 and 5.0 cm2, which is consistent with the values found in the literature for similar sized wildlife.
Uncertainty and precaution in hunting wolves twice in a year: Reanalysis of Treves and Louchouarn
Authors: Stauffer Glenn E. , Olson Erik R. , Belant Jerrold L. , Stenglein Jennifer L. , Price Tack Jennifer L. , van Deelen Timothy R. , MacFarland David M. , Roberts Nathan M.
Published: June 2024

Management of wolves is controversial in many jurisdictions where wolves live, which underscores the importance of rigor, transparency, and reproducibility when evaluating outcomes of management actions. Treves and Louchouarn 2022 (hereafter TL) predicted outcomes for various fall 2021 hunting scenarios following Wisconsin’s judicially mandated hunting and trapping season in spring 2021, and concluded that even a zero harvest scenario could result in the wolf population declining below the population goal of 350 wolves specified in the 1999 Wisconsin wolf management plan. TL further concluded that with a fall harvest of > 16 wolves there was a “better than average possibility” that the wolf population size would decline below that 350-wolf threshold. We show that these conclusions are incorrect and that they resulted from mathematical errors and selected parameterizations that were consistently biased in the direction that maximized mortality and minimized reproduction (i.e., positively biased adult mortality, negatively biased pup survival, further halving pup survival to November, negatively biased number of breeding packs, and counting harvested wolves twice among the dead). These errors systematically exaggerated declines in predicted population size and resulted in erroneous conclusions that were not based on the best available or unbiased science. Corrected mathematical calculations and more rigorous parameterization resulted in predicted outcomes for the zero harvest scenario that more closely coincided with the empirical population estimates in 2022 following a judicially prevented fall hunt in 2021. Only in scenarios with simulated harvest of 300 or more wolves did probability of crossing the 350-wolf population threshold exceed zero. TL suggested that proponents of some policy positions bear a greater burden of proof than proponents of other positions to show that “their estimates are accurate, precise, and reproducible”. In their analysis, TL failed to meet this standard that they demanded of others.
Environmental variables driving horseshoe crab spawning behavior in a microtidal lagoon in Florida
Authors: Heres Berlynna , Abeels Holly , Shea Colin , Crowley-McIntyre Claire E.
Published: June 2024

The timing of American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) spawning behavior along the coast of Florida (United States) is generally associated with the highest tides during the spring and fall lunar cycles. All Florida estuaries support horseshoe crab populations, but tidal characteristics vary markedly among locations, which may influence the timing of horseshoe crab spawning behavior. The Indian River Lagoon is a large microtidal estuary on Florida’s east coast. Given the microtidal nature of the lagoon, it is unclear which environmental factors affect horseshoe spawning. In 2019, volunteers of Florida Horseshoe Crab Watch conducted daily surveys at two sites in the northern Indian River Lagoon during peak spawning months (February–April). During each survey, volunteers counted all spawning horseshoe crabs and recorded environmental variables, including water temperature, air temperature, wind speed, wind direction, salinity, and tide height. We developed a suite of negative-binomial regression models to quantify relationships between the number of spawning horseshoe crabs and environmental factors. Modeling results indicated a positive relationship between onshore wind speed and number of spawning horseshoe crabs. Our study suggests that in the absence of tidal cues, onshore wind speed may be an important driver of horseshoe crab spawning activity in microtidal estuarine systems.
Loss of calcitonin gene-related peptide (αCGRP) and use of a vestibular challenge highlight balance deficiencies in aging mice
Authors: Rahman Shafaqat M. , Hauser Catherine , Luebke Anne E.
Published: June 2024

Aging impacts the vestibular system and contributes to imbalance. In fact, imbalance precedes changes in cognition in the elderly. However, research is limited in assessing aging mouse models that are deficient in crucial neuromodulators like Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP). We studied the loss of CGRP and its effects in the aging mouse, namely its effect on both static and dynamic imbalances. Postural sway and rotarod testing were performed before and after a vestibular challenge (VC) in the 129S wild type and the αCGRP (-/-) null mice. Four age groups were tested that correspond to young adulthood, late adulthood, middle age, and senescence in humans. Our results suggest wild type mice experience a decline in rotarod ability due to aging after they reach their prime performance at 6–10 months of age, while the αCGRP (-/-) null mice perform poorly on rotarod early in life but improve with age as they get older, potentially due to vestibular compensation. Our postural sway study suggests that a vestibular challenge can lead to significantly reduced CoP ellipse areas (freezing behaviors) in older mice, and this change occurs earlier in the αCGRP (-/-) null but requires future studies to evaluate anxiety effects. These results indicate that αCGRP is an important component of proper balance and that the loss of αCGRP can contribute to balance complications that may compound with aging.
Efficacy and safety of concurrent immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis
Authors: Cui Ran , Li Yun , Yu Xinlin , Wei Chun , Jiang Ou
Published: June 2024

Background

The recent usage of immunotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy has improved survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, determining the most effective therapy combination remains a topic of debate. Research suggests immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) post-chemoradiotherapy enhance survival, but the impact of concurrent ICIs during chemoradiotherapy on rapid disease progression is unclear. This meta-analysis aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of concurrent ICIs with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for relevant studies, extracting data on overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs).

Results

The analysis included ten studies with 490 participants. Stage III NSCLC ORR was 81.8%, while Stage IV ORR was 39.9%. One-year PFS and OS for Stage III were 68.2% and 82.6%, compared to 27.9% and 72.2% for Stage IV. Common adverse events included anemia (46.6%), nausea (47.6%), rash (36.4%), and radiation pneumonitis (36.3%).

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis shows concurrent ICIs with chemoradiotherapy are effective and safe in advanced NSCLC, particularly in stage III patients at risk of progression before starting ICIs after chemoradiotherapy. The findings support further phase III trials. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023493685) and is detailed on the NIHR HTA programme website.
The psychosocial determinants of adherence to home-based rehabilitation strategies in parents of children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review
Authors: Niyonsenga Japhet , Uwingeneye Liliane , Musabyemariya Inès , Sagahutu Jean Baptiste , Cavallini Francesca , Caricati Luca , Eugene Rutembesa , Mutabaruka Jean , Jansen Stefan , Monacelli Nadia
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Involving parents of children with cerebral palsy (C-CP) in home exercise programmes (HEP) is globally practiced strategy closely linked to improved physical performance and functional outcomes for the child. Nevertheless, non-adherence to HEP is increasing at an alarming rate, and little is known about the factors influencing adherence to HEP (AHEP) especially in parents of C-CP. This systematic review aimed to identify the factors enhancing AHEP among parents of C-CP to reinforce the efficacy of rehabilitation practices proposed by health professionals, researchers, and educators.

Materials and methods

We conducted searches in PubMed, Scopus, CINHAL, PsycINFO, and Embase for articles published up to March 2023, that investigated the factors influencing AHEP among parents of C-CP. A narrative synthesis was conducted using the search results and pertinent material from other sources.

Results

Overall, non-adherence rates to HEP were moderate to high, ranging from 34% to 79.2%. Strong evidence suggests that factors enhancing AHEP fall into three categories: child-related (such as younger age and better gross motor function [GMF]), the caregiver-related (including high self-efficacy and knowledge, strong social support, low levels of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, and a low perception of barriers), and the physiotherapist-related. For the latter category, the parent’s perception of a supportive and collaborative relationship with the therapist is one of the conditions most favourably influences AHEP.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight that factors influencing AHEP are multifactorial. Some, such as GMF or the economic and social conditions of the family, are challenging to change. However, the relationship between therapist and parent is an aspect that can be strengthened. These results underscore the importance of substantial training and psychosocial support for therapists to enhance their awareness and competence in building supportive relationship with parents.
After the Witch of Malleghem (2021)
Authors: Norton Jenn E , Pelstring Emily , Soleil Edie
Published: June 2024

This augmented-reality pop-up print remediates The Witch of Malleghem, a 1559 image by Pieter Brueghel the Elder depicting a witch and her assistants removing “stones of madness” from villagers’ heads. Through dramatic re-enactments and re-animations of the figures in this work, we reflect on the visual rhetoric used to de-legitimize healing practices outside of the dominant patriarchal religious/medical establishment in Europe during that period. This piece was created for The Witch Institute at Queen’s University in 2021 with support from the Queen’s Arts Fund.
Pizzigoni, Francesca (2022). Tracce di Patrimonio. Fonti per lo studio della materialità Scolastica nell’Italia del secondo Ottocento. Lecce, Pensa MultiMedia Editore s.r.l.
Authors: Dávila Balsera Paulí
Published: June 2024

Recensión sobre el libro. Pizzigoni, Francesca (2022). Tracce di Patrimonio. Fonti per lo studio della materialità Scolastica nell’Italia del secondo Ottocento. Lecce, Pensa MultiMedia Editore s.r.l.
El maestro que prometió el mar. Una historia de vida y un film conmovedores
Authors: Costa Rico Anton
Published: June 2024

Un comentario en relación con la vida de Antoni Benaiges maestro durante los cursos de 1934 a 1936 en la localidad de Bañuelos de Bureba, en la provincia española de Burgos. Llevó a cabo una práctica educativa  emancipadora, de alto contenido cívico y despertando en los niños la pasión por aprender y por expresar su palabra. El golpe de estado franquista de julio de 1936 sembró un reguero de muerte entre demócratas ocasionado, también, su muerte y silenciando su vida, redescubirta en el presente a través de una minuciosa observación microhistórica, dando lugar a varias publicacions y a un hermoso film.
El viaje pedagógico: relato de una experiencia universitaria uniendo la didáctica del objeto y las maletas de aprendizaje
Authors: Morales Sánchez Milo
Published: June 2024

La didáctica del objeto y las maletas de aprendizaje son herramientas pedagógicas estrechamente entrelazadas. Este artículo explora los beneficios de ponerlas en práctica de manera conjunta, a partir de una experiencia universitaria concreta, en la que se pidió a estudiantes del grado de Educación Primaria que explorasen ambas metodologías y las relacionasen a partir de un caso y un planteamiento didáctico concretos. El resultado de esta práctica es la elaboración de una maleta didáctica y su contextualización en una situación de aprendizaje interdisciplinar, que conecta con los intereses y las realidades de los alumnos y se fundamenta en la teoría de la didáctica del objeto.
El viaje de Estado de Marcelo Caetano a España en la prensa española y portuguesa: el estado de opinión
Authors: Sanz Hernando Clara , Baptista Carla , González-Cabrera Ana
Published: June 2024

La investigación aborda el posicionamiento editorial que 15 periódicos y revistas españolas y portuguesas realizaron del viaje oficial que Marcelo Caetano giró a España en 1970. Los editoriales y artículos de opinión publicados se analizan mediante el empleo de una metodología cuantitativa, cualitativa y comparativa, lo que ha permitido advertir diferentes orientaciones ideológicas. El trabajo concluye que los diarios oficiales y algunos moderados se mostraron triunfalistas; que fueron escasas las valoraciones que se distanciaron de las consignas oficiales, y que la prensa de oposición osciló entre silenciar su parecer y expresar sus reservas ante ambos regímenes.
El periodismo de videojuegos en España. Ecosistema mediático y tendencias de una especialización cultural
Authors: Jurado Martín Montserrat
Published: June 2024

El libro El periodismo de videojuegos en España. Ecosistema mediático y tendencias de una especialización cultura del investigador Guillermo Paredes Otero presenta el estudio más exhaustivo y completo en torno a la relación entre los videojuegos y la especialización cultural en España. Su autor es doctor en Periodismo por la Universidad de Sevilla y nos presenta este libro fruto de la profunda investigación de su tesis doctoral.
Desinformación y mediatización. Desafíos de la investigación en comunicación política
Authors: Cabrera Altieri Daniel H. , López García Guillermo , Campos-Domínguez Eva
Published: June 2024

El presente monográfico surge tras el I Seminario Interdisciplinar de Teoría de la Comunicación, centrado en la desinformación y mediatización, celebrado en la Universitat de València el 26 y 27 de octubre de 2023. El Seminario deriva a su vez de un proyecto de investigación estatal centrado en los flujos de desinformación, polarización y crisis de la intermediación mediática (PID2020-113574RB-I00). El monográfico ha congregado finalmente ocho trabajos de investigación.
Nuevas figuraciones de la autoría y la subjetividad en las escrituras materiales
Authors: Zorita Diego
Published: June 2024

Materia de escritura. Entre el signo y la abstracción en la época del intermedia (1950-1980), Henar Rivière y Arantxa Romero (eds.), Madrid, CSIC, 2022, 229 pp., ISBN: 9788400109875
O conceito de Tecnoceno de Flávia Costa e a compreensão do mundo digital
Authors: Amâncio Nair Renata
Published: June 2024

Este texto se configura como uma resenha crítica do livro Tecnoceno de autoria da escritora argentina Flávia Costa.
Escrito el arte
Authors: Romero González Arantxa
Published: June 2024

recensão a: Sandra Santana, La escritura por venir. Ensayos sobre arte y literatura en los siglos XX y XXI, Zaragoza: Pregunta Ediciones, 2021, 224 páginas, ISBN: 9788417532727
Cartografía de la Literatura Digital Latinoamericana: El archivo digital como exploración narrativa
Authors: Zuñiga Vásquez Carolina
Published: June 2024

¿Qué se archiva, y qué se busca narrar, cuando se archiva una obra de literatura digital? Nos preguntamos por la raíz del acto de archivar cuando el documento que nos desafía su resguardo no tiene un formato fijo, es amenazado constantemente por la obsolescencia tecnológica y su activación está determinada por un usuario. ¿Cómo construir un registro cuando nos enfrentamos a obras interactivas, performativas, navegables? ¿Cómo crear un camino, generar un guión (como en los museos) para un repositorio digital que contiene en sí mismo todas las herramientas narrativas posibles? ¿Qué rol cumple el proceso creativo del artista en la documentación de estos mismos archivos? La problemática de la archivación de obras inmateriales, momentáneas y cuya tendencia es la desaparición abre una serie de preguntas que formaron parte de la investigación y el proceso de construcción del proyecto Cartografía de la Literatura Digital Latinoamericana.
#VivaLaFrida: Nomear Frida Kahlo como performance tecnodiscursiva em plataformas digitais
Authors: Josiowicz Alejandra
Published: June 2024

O artigo parte do marco teórico-metodológico das Humanidades Digitais na América Latina, do Feminismo de Dados e da Análise Crítica Tecnocultural do Discurso para analisar postagens no Twitter sobre Frida Kahlo, em espanhol e em português, entre 2009 e 2023. Através de metodologias de extração e processamento de dados, utilizando os softwares Wolfram Mathematica e Python em Jupyter Notebooks, e combinando métodos quantitativos e qualitativos, analisamos o fluxo histórico de tweets, bem como as hashtags e os usuários maisfrequentes na publicação de tweets sobre Frida Kahlo. A partir da criação de nuvens de palavras em espanhol e em português, identificamos três principais modalidades pelas quais as práticas de nomeação de Frida Kahlo funcionam como performances ativistas que favorecem à constituição de comunidades e contra-comunidades que afirmam e mantém as suas identidades associadas à América Latina. Em primeiro lugar, esse significativo conjunto de tweets que analisamos mostra Frida Kahlo como um dos grandes ícones do mundo latinoamericano, hispano-americano e/ou mexicano. Em segundo lugar, a figura de Frida Kahlo visibiliza e mobiliza movimentos sociais, seja no âmbito do feminismo, dos direitos LGBTQIA+ ou/e de pessoas com deficiência. Em terceiro lugar, a imagem de Frida Kahlo está associada à comercialização de uma enorme quantidade de objetos e produtos dos mais diversos tipos. Esse conjunto de tweets mostra ainda que boa parte do público não tem uma atitude passiva diante desse fenômeno de mercantilização; pelo contrário, a artista se torna parte essencial de uma série de debates com posicionamentos opostos. Desse modo, nomear Frida Kahlo permite construir posicionamentos em torno de identidades comunitárias, das noções de latino-americano, da sexualidade e do gênero, e permite intervir de modos diversos no mercado do consumo cultural.
Mapping the State: English Boundaries and the 1832 Reform Act
Authors: Spychal Martin
Published: June 2024

The 1832 Reform Act was a landmark moment in the development of modern British politics. By overhauling the country’s ancient representative system, the legislation reshaped constitutional arrangements at Westminster, reinvigorated political relationships between the centre and the provinces, and established the political structures and precedents that both shaped and hindered Britain’s slow lurch towards democracy by 1928. 'Mapping the State' leads to a fundamental rethinking of the 1832 Reform Act by demonstrating how boundary reform, and the reconstruction of England’s electoral map by the little-known 1831–2 boundary commission, underpinned this turning point in the development of the British political nation. Eschewing traditional approaches to the 1832 Reform Act, it draws from a significant new archival discovery – the working papers of the boundary commission – and a range of innovative quantitative techniques to provide a major reassessment of why and how the 1832 Reform Act passed, its impact on reformed politics both at Westminster and in the constituencies, and its significance to the expansion of the modern British state.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O ESTUDO DA PAISAGEM DOS SÍTIOS ARQUEOLÓGICOS LÍTICOS LASCADOS DA SERRA DA MESA NO MUNICÍPIO DE GURINHATÃ – MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Silva Claúdio Scarparo , Miyazaki Leda Correia Pedro , Zago Juliana Aparecida Rocha Luz
Published: June 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi mapear e identificar vestígios arqueológicos, por meio do uso de geoindicadores, na paisagem que contempla a área da Serra da Mesa, município de Gurinhatã, MG. Para tanto, foram utilizados conhecimentos da Ciência Geográfica, principalmente em ênfase geológica, geomorfológica, e dinâmica hidrográfica. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram: a) Revisão bibliográfica e elaboração de mapeamentos temáticos, b) Trabalho de campo e registro fotográfico da paisagem, na qual foram evidenciados artefatos encontrados em superfície. Os resultados obtidos caracterizaram a Serra da Mesa enquanto relevo tabular, e de litoestrutura caracterizada pela Formação Marília, sendo o Cerrado a principal vegetação predominante. Nos topos de morro foram registrados vários locais de incidência de artefatos líticos lascados produzidos por grupos indígenas. A observação in situ dos materiais arqueológicos líticos lascados, correlacionados com os aspectos físicos que compõem a paisagem geográfica, contribuíram para os estudos de padrão de assentamento de grupos humanos que habitaram a região no passado.
O CIRCUITO ESPACIAL PRODUTIVO DE CELULOSE EM MATO GROSSO DO SUL – BRASIL
Authors: Lelis Leandro Reginaldo Maximino
Published: June 2024

Este estudo objetiva compreender o circuito espacial produtivo de celulose em Mato Grosso do Sul. Por intermédio dos procedimentos metodológicos adotados – revisão bibliográfica, coleta e análise de dados de fontes secundárias, pesquisa documental e trabalhos de campo –, constatou-se, a partir da análise do circuito espacial produtivo de celulose, que os quatro momentos da produção capitalista, embora distintos, são complementares e interdependentes. Além disso, também se verificou que o circuito pesquisado articula o Mato Grosso do Sul, sobretudo sua região Leste, ao mundo, notabilizando sua multiescalaridade geográfica. Vale salientar que essa conjuntura é viabilizada por diversos agentes que integram os círculos de cooperação e que são essenciais para o desenvolvimento do circuito espacial produtivo de celulose em decorrência de ações no âmbito financeiro, normativo, científico e tecnológico.
Optimization of garment sewing operation standard minute value prediction using an IPSO-BP neural network
Authors: Shen Haina , Ji Xiaofen
Published: June 2024

Standard minute value serves as a pivotal metric guiding the arrangement and balancing of production cycles in clothing production lines, and plays a crucial role in cost pricing and production order arrangement for clothing products. Given the complexity of the garment sewing process, ten influencing factors including fabric weight, fabric thickness, fabric density, stitching length, stitching shapes, cut pieces numbers, notch numbers, sewing technologies, sewing machine, and auxiliary accessories were identified. Upon this foundation, a standard sewing time prediction model, Improved particle swarm optimization - Back-propagation neural network (IPSO-BP), was proposed, focusing on non-quantitative factors. The IPSO-BP model was trained using actual sewing data from a women’s clothing production company. Compared to the unoptimized BP neural network, the IPSO-BP model demonstrated significant advantages in terms of convergence speed and prediction accuracy. Therefore, the IPSO-BP model proposed in this study holds promise for predicting standard sewing hours effectively.
Multivariate anomaly detection models enhance identification of errors in routine clinical chemistry testing
Authors: Farrell Christopher J.L.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Conventional autoverification rules evaluate analytes independently, potentially missing unusual patterns of results indicative of errors such as serum contamination by collection tube additives. This study assessed whether multivariate anomaly detection algorithms could enhance the detection of such errors.

Methods

Multivariate Gaussian, k-nearest neighbours (KNN) distance, and one-class support vector machine (SVM) anomaly detection models, along with conventional limit checks, were developed using a training dataset of 127,451 electrolyte, urea, and creatinine (EUC) results, with a 5 % flagging rate targeted for all approaches. The models were compared with limit checks for their ability to detect atypical EUC results from samples spiked with additives from collection tubes: EDTA, fluoride, sodium citrate, or acid citrate dextrose (n=200 per contaminant). The study additionally assessed the ability of the models to identify 127,449 single-analyte errors, a potential weakness of multivariate models.

Results

The KNN distance and SVM models outperformed limit checks for detecting all contaminants (p-values <0.05). The multivariate Gaussian model did not surpass limit checks for detecting EDTA contamination but was superior for detecting the other additives. All models surpassed limit checks for identifying single-analyte errors, with the KNN distance model demonstrating the highest overall sensitivity.

Conclusions

Multivariate anomaly detection models, particularly the KNN distance model, were superior to the conventional approach for detecting serum contamination and single-analyte errors. Developing multivariate approaches to autoverification is warranted to optimise error detection and improve patient safety.
Hybrid effect of neem seed and groundnut shell bio-fillers on the mechanical, water absorption and thermal properties of jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Deepak Suresh Kumar R. , Gurusamy P. , Dinesh D.
Published: June 2024

Natural composites possess good qualities like light weight, harmlessness, cheapness and ease of processing. However, their performance is limited compared to conventional material. Hence, it is required to improve the performance of natural composites to extend their usage in various industrial applications. In this research, an attempt has been made to improve the performance of epoxy–jute natural composite using different natural fillers made of neem seed and groundnut shell particles. Initially, the epoxy–jute composite [N:G (0:0)] was prepared and the properties of the composite were investigated. Additionally, natural-fillers were incorporated into the N:G (0:0) composite, and a variety of composites were produced. These included N:G (1:0), N:G (3:1), N:G (1:1), N:G (1:3), and N:G (0:1), with the weight fractions of neem and groundnut shell particles adjusted accordingly. The properties of the aforementioned composites were compared with the properties of N:G (0:0) composite. Results revealed that the particle reinforced composite exhibited significant improvement in the properties of the composites. Moreover, in comparison to the other composites, the N:G (0:1) composite exhibited superior tensile strength (43.28 MPa), flexural strength (46.08 MPa), impact resistance (13.93 kJ m−2), and hardness (24.7 HV). This could be due to the fibrous structure of groundnut shell compared to neem seed which was fragile in nature. Furthermore, the same composite displayed less water absorption (2.8 % at 6 days time period). Moreover, the N:G (1:0) composite exhibited the least thermal conductivity (0.31 W m−1 K−1). Based on results, it was concluded that the bio-fillers such as neem seed and groundnut shell particles assisted improvement the properties of epoxy–jute composite.
A study on the application of multidimensional feature fusion attention mechanism based on sight detection and emotion recognition in online teaching
Authors: Huang Yurong , Yang Guang
Published: June 2024

Online teaching is not limited by time, but the problem of low learning efficiency is common. To address this problem, the study proposes an attention mechanism for multidimensional feature fusion, which first detects faces, uses a supervised gradient descent algorithm for face feature point detection, and improves the least-squares ellipse-fitting algorithm to detect the open/closed state of human eyes. The sight detection method is also improved, and the fuzzy inference method is used to identify students’ emotions, and the modules are fused to achieve multidimensional feature fusion attention detection for online teaching. The study found that the average accuracy rate was 84.5% with glasses and 92.0% without glasses. The research method with glasses had an average time consumption of 17 ms, while the method without glasses took 15 ms, indicating higher detection accuracy and faster real-time performance. The improved approach led to higher recognition accuracy and accuracy rate. The detection accuracy of a single feature and the research method was 74.1 and 91.9%, respectively. It shows that the research method helps in the detection of students’ attention in online teaching.
Innovative use of Shona ideophones within an adolescent community of practice
Authors: Cook Toni , McGilly Clara , Miranda Case
Published: June 2024

This paper focuses on a nonnormative linguistic practice involving ideophones (nyaudzosingwi) among a Shona-speaking adolescent community of practice in urban Zimbabwe. Ideophones occupy a special position in Shona’s ethnolinguistic repertoire; they are culturally and linguistically salient, and highlighted in Shona classroom instruction. The perspective of Zimbabwe’s educational establishment is at odds with the on-the-ground situation, in which ideophones are exclusively the purview of older rural speakers. This dynamic puts young Shona speakers in a difficult situation: to succeed educationally, one is required to use ideophones, yet they are not a natural part of youth language. To balance these competing demands, young Shona speakers have developed a new use around ideophones that highlights the incongruity of balancing between being a “good Shona student” (fluency in “deep” Shona that eschews English influence) and a modern Shona subject (proficiency in English, upwardly socially mobile) by using them for unserious, comedic effect, where the humor deliberately derives from the idiosyncrasy of a young Shona speaker using ideophones. We also find a reduction in the morphosyntactic environments in which ideophones appear, in that they are always required to be introduced by a verbal element, and always the active form -ti, never the passive form -nzi.
Influence of Borides on microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ni alloy
Authors: Kaya Esad , Buytoz Soner
Published: June 2024

Ni alloys are known to exhibit superior creep strength, chemical stability, and thermal resistance behavior at elevated temperatures. However, they also exhibit inadequate mechanical performance. Hence, the microstructures and, in relation to that, mechanical properties need to be improved. In this study, the effect of reinforcement of TiB2 on microstructural and mechanical properties was evaluated. The Ni matrix is reinforced with TiB2 particles. TiB2–Ni composites were successfully produced by the hot pressing method. Homogenously distributed TiB2 particles were observed in the microstructure using the energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) mapping technique. The hardness of the reinforced samples was considerably improved by 2.65–8.12 times compared to pure Ni and between the different content of borides. A three-point bending test was performed to examine the mechanical behaviors of the reinforced composites. The bending stress properties of metal matrix composite (MMC) were significantly influenced by TiB2 content both positively and adversely. The optimum chemical content was determined based on bending tests and fractography. As a result, the 15 wt.% TiB2-reinforced sample exhibited superior microstructural (density), hardness, and bending properties compared to pure Ni and other reinforced samples with different ratios.
INFLUENCIA DE LOS TATUAJES Y SUS DIFERENTES ESTILOS EN LA FORMACIÓN DE PRIMERAS IMPRESIONES
Authors: Carvajal Zaera Enrique
Published: June 2024

Introducción: Los tatuajes se han vuelto ubicuos en la sociedad actual, con una prevalencia del 38% en los países estudiados por Dalia Research. Su presencia varía según la cultura, país, género, edad, nivel educativo y ubicación geográfica, con estéticas y significados únicos que motivan la investigación sobre su influencia en terceros. En el ámbito laboral, estudios sugieren que los tatuajes visibles pueden afectar negativamente las oportunidades de empleo, lo que lleva a un análisis más profundo sobre cómo diferentes estilos de tatuajes pueden influir en la percepción del consumidor de servicios. Metodología: Se seleccionaron los estilos de tatuajes más populares, incluyendo vieja escuela, nueva escuela, neotradicional, tribal, obra negra, acuarela, japonés y realismo. Se realizó un análisis cuantitativo para examinar el efecto de los colores y diseños utilizados en cada estilo, contrastando elementos tradicionales y modernos. El objetivo fue comprender cómo estos elementos influyen en la primera impresión de los consumidores de servicios. Resultados: Los resultados del análisis cuantitativo revelaron diferencias significativas en la percepción de los consumidores de servicios según el estilo y los elementos de los tatuajes. Se identificaron patrones en la manera en que los diferentes estilos y diseños afectan la primera impresión, con algunas variaciones en la preferencia según el tipo de servicio ofrecido. Discusión y Conclusiones: Los hallazgos sugieren que la percepción de los tatuajes en el sector de servicios está influenciada por una combinación de factores, incluyendo el estilo, diseño, color y contexto del servicio. Si bien algunos estilos pueden ser percibidos más favorablemente que otros, la aceptación de los tatuajes visibles en el lugar de trabajo parece depender en gran medida del tipo de servicio prestado. Estos resultados ofrecen una visión concreta de cómo los clientes perciben a las personas tatuadas en el sector de servicios y pueden informar prácticas de contratación y políticas empresariales.
Exploring the Impact of Tourism Environment on Tourist Satisfaction in Tourist Sites: An Example of Phong Dien Tourism Village, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Trong Nhan , Huynh Van Da
Published: June 2024

The quality of the natural, socioeconomic, and cultural environment plays a pivotal role in shaping tourist satisfaction, serving as a critical driver in assessing the success of tourism activities. This study seeks to examine the intricate relationship between the tourism environment and tourist satisfaction, aiming to provide valuable insights into this dynamic interplay. Through a questionnaire survey, 270 valid responses were collected from tourists who visited the study area. The research employed various analytical methods, including scale reliability tests, exploratory factor analysis, and multivariable linear regression, to meticulously process the collected data. The findings reveal that the tourism environment is multifaceted, encompassing cultural, socioeconomic, and natural dimensions. Interestingly, these factors exhibit a positive yet diminishing impact on tourist satisfaction. Specifically, the cultural tourism environment contributes 38.9%, the socioeconomic tourism environment adds 33.4%, and the natural tourism environment contributes 27.7% to overall tourist satisfaction. This research not only provides important theoretical understanding but also holds practical significance for the tourism industry. By recognizing the nuanced relationship between the tourism environment and tourist satisfaction, this study establishes a foundation for improving the quality of tourism experiences. The implications derived from the findings offer valuable recommendations for enhancing both the tourism environment and overall tourist satisfaction.
Aprendizaje y Educación en Familias Mapuche y Aymaras: Los Modos de Hacer las Cosas
Authors: Ibáñez-Salgado Nolfa , Druker Ibáñez Sofía , Rodríguez-Olea Mª Soledad
Published: June 2024

El artículo corresponde a una investigación desarrollada durante tres años con familias mapuche y aymaras, en sus propios territorios, que busca describir y analizar sus concepciones de aprendizaje y educación. Epistemológicamente, se enmarca en el constructivismo radical, con foco en la justicia social y educativa. La metodología es cualitativa, participativa y etnográfica, desarrollándose mediante un proceso de co-construcción. Los resultados muestran que las concepciones, lógicas y métodos sobre el aprendizaje y la educación familiar y comunitaria son mayormente compartidos por las familias, y que la comprensión y valoración de sus modos de hacer las cosas, especialmente en la educación formal, se constituiría en condición para que las personas indígenas puedan ejercer su legítimo derecho a participar en la sociedad en igualdad de condiciones. Se concluye que es posible co-construir conocimiento entre personas de distintas culturas si se tiene un propósito común y el entendimiento que los sentidos y significados de palabras y acciones pueden ser distintos según haya sido la convivencia, lo que implica reformular experiencias y consensuar modos de describir las cosas, aún en el contexto de injusticia epistémica que caracteriza las relaciones entre culturas en nuestro país.
Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections in Pediatric Critical Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gaetani Melany , Maratta Christina , Akinkugbe Olugbenga , Ginter Dylan , Baleilevuka-Hart Marica , Helmers Andrew , Guerguerian Anne-Marie , Mtaweh Haifa
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

The reported rising global rates of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infection raise concern for disease related increase in critical illness and fatalities. An enhanced understanding of various presentations to health care and clinical course could improve early recognition and therapy in children with iGAS. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of iGAS infections among children admitted to critical care.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study of children admitted to the PICU at The Hospital for Sick Children, in Toronto, Canada, between March 2022 and June 2023. Eligible patients were 0 to 18 years, with a diagnosis of iGAS infection. We describe the proportion of children admitted to the PICU with iGAS over the study period, their clinical characteristics, the frequency and timing of therapies, discharge versus baseline function, and PICU mortality.

RESULTS

Among the 1820 children admitted to the PICU, 29 (1.6%) patients had iGAS infection. Of these 29 patients, 80% (n = 23) survived to hospital discharge. Patients who survived generally had favorable functional outcomes. Despite the high severity of illness and mortality described in this cohort, 61% returned to their baseline functional status by hospital discharge.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first report of critically ill children with iGAS in Canada during the increased incidence reported worldwide. We describe the clinical course of iGAS infection in children admitted to PICU with access to advanced extracorporeal interventions. Though there is a high mortality rate in this cohort, those who survive have favorable outcomes.