bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TUJUH KONSEP DA’WAH BIL-HIKMAH MENURUT MOHAMMAD NATSIR
Authors: Anam Ahmad Misbahul
Published: September 2021

Da'wah in this country began long before Indonesia reach independence. Transformation of society has been heavily influenced by Islam through people who give or extend rightenousness or called da’I from the past until now. The tough da'wah defiance be easier by offering of procedures to convey Islamic messages. Mohammad Natsir, one of the da'wah leaders and statesmen offered seven concepts of da'wah bil-hikmah as the procedures for da'wah. His ideas about the concept of da'wah bil-hikmah was written in his book with title “Fiqh Da'wah”. This research tries to study indepth his idea by analyzing the text in the book. The conclusion of this study, Natsir has good concepts that useful for da’I to convey rightenouness of da'wah. It is indicated by showing and explaining about the guidance of ayats in Al Qur’an, stories of prophets and their follower that associated with strong local wisdem, and it becomes his characteristic.
SEJARAH MASUKNYA DA’WAH ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kadir Badjuber Abdul
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejarah masuknya da’wah Islam di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan kajian literature. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian sarjana-sarjana Islam ahli sejarah itu menyebutkan bahwa pembawa Islam ke Nusantara ini di sampaikan oleh para dai, atau para sudagar Islam yang disertai dengan para dai. Ini yang menjadi keteguhan pandangan dari Haji Agus Salim, KH. Saefuddin Zuhri, Hamka dan yang lainnya. Sarjana-sarjana dan intelektual Islam ahli sejarah ini menjelaskan pula bahwa Islam berkembang di Nusantara dengan damai tanpa kekerasan. Sehingga mendapat sambutan yang baik dari masyarakat setempat, dan berkembang dengan cepat. Yang masuk dan memeluk Islam di Nusantara ketika Islam datang itu tidaknya rakyat jelata, tetapi juga dari kaum keraton dan bangsawan. Setelah lama Islam bersentuhan dengan penduduk Indonesia, lama kelamaan karena faktor Islam sendiri dan juga, pembawanya. Maka Islam lambat laun menjadi agama mayoritas bangsa Indonesia.
Atmospheric Transmission Spectroscopy of Hot Jupiter KELT-10b using Synthetic Telluric Correction Software
Authors: McCloat Sean , von Essen Carolina , Fieber-Beyer Sherry
Published: September 2021

High-resolution spectroscopic visible data were obtained with the Ultraviolet and Visible Echelle Spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope. Our goal was to analyze the data in an effort to detect the presence of sodium in the atmosphere of hot Jupiter exoplanet KELT-10b, as well as characterize the orbit of the planet via the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. Eighty spectra were collected during a single transit of KELT-10b. After standard spectroscopic calibration using ESO-Reflex, the synthetic telluric modeling software molecfit was applied to remove terrestrial atmospheric effects, and to refine the wavelength calibration. Sodium is recognized by its characteristic absorption doublet located at 5895.924 and 5889.951 Å, which can be seen in the planet atmosphere transmission spectrum and through excess absorption during the transit. The radial velocity of the host star was analyzed by measuring the average shift of absorption features from spectrum to spectrum. Our results indicate a sodium detection in the planet transmission spectrum with a line contrast of 0.66% and 0.43% ± 0.09% for the sodium DII and DI lines, respectively. Excess absorption measurements agree to within one half combined standard deviation between the planet transmission spectrum (0.143% ± 0.020%, a 7σ detection) and during the time series (0.124% ± 0.034%, a 3.6σ detection) in a band 1.25 Å wide. The wavelength grid corrections provided by molecfit were insufficient to determine radial velocities and measure the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect.
Improved Methods for Estimating Peculiar Velocity Correlation Functions Using Volume Weighting
Authors: Wang Yuyu , Peery Sarah , Feldman Hume A. , Watkins Richard
Published: September 2021

We present an improved method for calculating the parallel and perpendicular velocity correlation functions directly from peculiar velocity surveys using weighted maximum-likelihood estimators. A central feature of the new method is the use of a position-dependent weighting scheme that reduces the influence of nearby galaxies, which are typically overrepresented relative to more distant galaxies in most surveys. We demonstrate that correlation functions calculated in this way are less susceptible to biases due to our particular location in the universe, and thus are more easily comparable to linear theory and between surveys. Our results suggest that the parallel velocity correlation function is a promising cosmological probe, given that it provides a better approximation of a Gaussian distribution than other velocity correlation functions and that its bias is more easily minimized by weighting. Though the position-weighted parallel velocity correlation function increases the statistical uncertainty, it decreases the cosmic variance and is expected to provide more stable and tighter cosmological parameter constraints than other correlation methods in conjunction with more precise velocity surveys in the future.
Self-consistent Stellar Radial Velocities from LAMOST Medium-resolution Survey DR7
Authors: Zhang Bo , Li Jiao , Yang Fan , Xiong Jian-Ping , Fu Jian-Ning , Liu Chao , Tian Hao , Li Yin-Bi , Wang Jia-Xin , Liang Cai-Xia , Zhou Yu-Tao , Zong Weikai , Yang Cheng-Qun , Liu Nian , Hou Yong-Hui
Published: September 2021

Radial velocity (RV) is among the most fundamental physical quantities obtainable from stellar spectra and is rather important in the analysis of time-domain phenomena. LAMOST Medium-resolution Survey (MRS) DR7 contains five million single-exposure stellar spectra with spectral resolution R ∼ 7500. However, the temporal variation of the RV zero-points (RVZPs) of the MRS, which makes the RVs from multiple epochs inconsistent, has not been addressed. In this paper, we measure the RVs of 3.8 million single-exposure spectra (for 0.6 million stars) with signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) higher than 5 based on the cross-correlation function method, and propose a robust method to self-consistently determine the RVZPs exposure by exposure for each spectrograph with the help of Gaia DR2 RVs. Such RVZPs are estimated for 3.6 million RVs and can reach a mean precision of ∼0.38 km s−1. The result of the temporal variation of RVZPs indicates that our algorithm is efficient and necessary before we use the absolute RVs to perform time-domain analyses. Validating the results with APOGEE DR16 shows that our absolute RVs can reach an overall precision of 0.84/0.80 km s−1 in the blue/red arm at 50 < S/N < 100 and of 1.26/1.99 km s−1 at 5 < S/N < 10. The cumulative distribution function of the standard deviations of multiple RVs (N
obs ≥ 8) for 678 standard stars reaches 0.45/0.54, 1.07/1.39, and 1.45/1.86 km s−1 in the blue/red arm at the 50%, 90%, and 95% levels, respectively. Catalogs of the RVs, RVZPs, and selected candidate RV standard stars are available at https://github.com/hypergravity/paperdata.
TIMES. I. A Systematic Observation in Multiple Molecular Lines toward the Orion A and Ophiuchus Clouds
Authors: Yun Hyeong-Sik , Lee Jeong-Eun , Choi Yunhee , Evans Neal J. , Offner Stella S. R. , Heyer Mark H. , Gaches Brandt A. L. , Lee Yong-Hee , Baek Giseon , Choi Minho , Kang Hyunwoo , Lee Seokho , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Yang Yao-Lun , Chen How-Huan , Lee Youngung , Jung Jaehoon , Lee Changhoon , Cho Jungyeon
Published: September 2021

We have used the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory to observe the Orion A and Ophiuchus clouds in the J = 1−0 lines of 13CO, C18O, HCN, HCO+, and N2H+ and the J = 2−1 line of CS. The fully sampled maps with uniform noise levels are used to create moment maps. The variations of the line intensity and velocity dispersion with total column density, derived from dust emission maps, are presented and compared to previous work. The CS line traces dust column density over more than one order of magnitude, and the N2H+ line best traces the highest column density regime (

log
(

N

H

2

) > 22.8). Line luminosities, integrated over the cloud, are compared to those seen in other galaxies. The HCO+-to-HCN luminosity ratio in the Orion A cloud is similar to that of starburst galaxies, while that in the Ophiuchus cloud is in between those of active galactic nuclei and starburst galaxies.
No Evidence for Time Variation in Saturn’s Internal Magnetic Field
Authors: Moore Kimberly M. , Bolton Bryce , Cao Hao , K. Dougherty Michele , Bloxham Jeremy
Published: September 2021

The time variation of a planetary magnetic field can reveal important aspects of a planet's interior structure. Searching for time variation in planetary magnetic fields other than Earth has proved challenging owing to the small number of spacecraft missions flown to date, but such a detection may be possible given a sufficiently long baseline for comparison. Here we leverage 38 years of spacecraft magnetometer measurements to search for time variation in Saturn’s internal magnetic field. To isolate the possible signal of time variation, we remove a contemporary high-resolution internal field model, derived from Cassini data, as well as a best-fitting external magnetodisk field model from each of four past mission data sets: Pioneer 11 (1979), Voyager 1 (1980), Voyager 2 (1981), and Cassini Saturn Orbit Insertion (2004). We then attempt to fit the resulting signal with an axisymmetric internal field model. Overall, we find no evidence of time variation on a multidecadal timescale. Our results lend support to the existence of a stably stratified layer in Saturn and have comparative planetology implications for Jupiter’s interior structure and dynamics.
Dietary supplementation of ginger (Zingiber officinale) essential oil exhibits positive immunomodulatory effects on the Neotropical catfish Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum without negative effects on fish liver histomorphometry
Authors: Almeida Rômullo Guilherme dos Santos , Martins Mateus Aranha , Oliveira Fulvia Cristina , Santo Fayane Espirito , Calves Gleice Souza , Pilarski Fabiana , Chagas Edsandra Campos , Fernandes Carlos Eurico , Martins Maurício Laterça , Campos Cristiane Meldau de
Published: September 2021

This study evaluated the dietary supplementation of ginger Zingiber officinale essential oil for the Neotropical catfish Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum, its effects on fish hematology, immunology, the response of these variables to induction of stress (exposition to air for 3 min), and a bacterial challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila, and the effects on liver histomorphometry. Three levels of the ginger essential oil were evaluated (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) in addition to a control group (0%) in a feeding trial for 65 days in triplicate. Fish hematology and immunology were assessed at five different moments: after the feeding trial (0), after the stress induction (stress), and three points after the bacterial challenge (3, 6 and 24 h post-challenge). Fish fed the ginger essential oil supplemented diets did not exhibit significant differences between the hematocrit at the 0-sample point and the 24 h post-challenge point (P ≥ 0.05), while fish fed the control diet presented significantly lower values for the hematocrit when comparing those same two moments (P < 0.05). The thrombocytes count for fish fed the 0.5% essential oil supplemented diet was significantly higher than all other groups after the feeding trial (P < 0.05), and their total leukocytes count after the stress induction was also significantly higher than the other treatments (P < 0.05). Although the results mentioned above indicate that the ginger essential oil had positive health effects on the fish, no significant differences in survival after the challenge with A. hydrophila were observed (P ≥ 0.05). Lastly, histomorphometry suggests that the essential oil did not negatively impact fish hepatocytes.
Agreement Test of Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis with Gold Standard Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique: A Step to Overcome False Diagnosis
Authors: Shaker Ali Essa , Al Kurtas Mohammed Abdulmahdi , Zalzala Haider
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is global health problem which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) bacteria. One-quarter of the world’s populations is infected by M. tuberculosis and only 10–15% of those develop the disease, while the remaining 85–95% of the population are carrying the bacteria and cannot transmit the disease to the others. M. tuberculosis bacteria affects the lungs, but any organ in the body can be affected by the bacteria. About 15% of M. tuberculosis infections are of in the extrapulmonary type. The diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) is very challenging because most sites are inaccessible and paucibacillary nature of the bacteria in these sites. The need for rapid and more sensitive and specific tests for the diagnosis of EPTB in comparison to culture and histopathology is increasing. The molecular methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis gene(s) in the provided sample are now promising.

PATIENT AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study at AL-Kindy Teaching Hospital at Al-Resaffa part of Baghdad city, Iraq. Data collection has been done in three months duration (July, August, and September) 2015. A total of 74 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples from suspected EPTB cases was collected, both Polymerase Chain reaction test for M. tuberculosis and histopathological examination was done for each sample.

RESULTS: A total of 74 patients (18 males, 56 females), mean age 29.72 suspected to had extrapulmonary TB underwent biopsies from different tissue types. The biopsies from the 74 patients were taken from different tissues according to the site of lesion, 49 (66.2%) biopsies were taken from lymph node, 12 biopsies (16.2%) was taken from mass in the axilla, 6 (8.1%) from abscess, 4 (5.4%) from the intestine, 3 (4.1%) from fistula. Of the 74 studied patients 57 (77%) showed positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 17 (23%) showed negative PCR results. Regarding to the histopathological reports of the biopsies, there were 54 (73%) patients had positive histopathological (granuloma) result and 20 (27%) patients had negative results (nongranuloma). The sensitivity of histopathological examination of the biopsies was 91.02%, the specificity 88.2%, and the kappa was 0.748 (p = 0.00) which is mean good agreement between histopathological examination of the biopsies and the polymerase chain reaction test.

CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity, specificity, and the positive predictive value of histopathology examination of biopsies were 91.02%, 88.2%, and 96%, respectively. The kappa was 0.748 (p = 0.00) which is mean good agreement between histopathological examination of the biopsies and the polymerase chain reaction test.
The Role of Lipid and the Benefit of Statin in Augmenting Rifampicin Effectivity for a Better Leprosy Treatment
Authors: Habiburrahman Muhammad , Ariq Haekal , Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia
Published: September 2021

Although leprosy remains as a serious disease of the skin and nervous system, the current treatment is still lacking in its effectiveness. This literature review will explore the association of lipid and leprosy, as well as the potential of statin and other lipid-lowering agents as adjunctive drugs to combat leprosy. Articles were searched through the PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar with the keywords: immunomodulation, lipid-body, lipids, leprosy, Mycobacterium leprae, pathogenesis, rifampin or rifampicin, and statins. A manual searching is also carried out to find an additional relevant information to make this literature review more comprehensive. The literatures showed that lipids are highly correlated with leprosy through alterations in serum lipid profile, metabolism, pathogenesis, and producing oxidative stress. Statins can diminish lipid utilization in the pathogenesis of leprosy and show a mycobactericidal effect by increasing the effectiveness of rifampicin and recover the function of macrophages. In addition, Statins have anti-inflammatory properties which may aid in preventing type I and II reactions in leprosy. Standard multidrug therapy might reduce the efficacy of statins, but the effect is not clinically significant. The statin dose-response curve also allows therapeutic response to be achieved with minimal dose. The various pleiotropic effects of statins make it a potential adjunct to standard treatment for leprosy in the future.
Exploring of Self-management Experience among Health Professional Survivors from Coronavirus Disease 2019 in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Pranata Satriya , Wu Shu-Fang Vivienne , Purwadi Hendri , Putra Dewa Gede Sanjaya , Wulandari Herlinda , Soesanto Edy
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus is a health problem that is happened worldwide and impacted on many sectors. However, there is no research that provides information on health professional survivors from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience in self-management.
AIM: The purpose of this study is to explore self-management experience among health professional survivors from COVID-19 in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.
METHODS: Purposive sampling, one-on-one, in-depth with semi-structural interviews was conducted to collect the data in this study. Data saturation was achieved after interviewing twelve health professional survivors from COVID-19 in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Narratives were analyzed by Colaizzi’s (1978) seven-step method.
RESULTS: Four emergent themes were identified in this study including self-awareness (preventing transmission, improving immunity system, dietary adjustment and accessing appropriate treatment), social relationship (negative feeling and social support), stress management (sharing experience each other’s, reducing negative emotional, and self-introspection), focus on learning (looking for information from survival COVID-19, looking for information from YouTube and looking for information from google search).
CONCLUSION: The experience among health professionals in self-management while struggling to recover quickly from COVID-19 can be used as valuable information for Indonesian society.
Antihyperglycemic, Endothelial protection and Toxicity study of Basil Leaves Extract on Diabetic Rats
Authors: Widjaja Sry Suryani , Rusdiana Rusdiana , Savira Maya , Amelia Rina
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains a serious debilitating global health problem in low- and middle-income countries with rising incidence of DM-related complications due to ineffective Diabetic control. Herbs of the Ocimum family, especially Ocimum basilicum or basil leaves, have been investigated for their antihyperglycemic properties.

AIM: This study aimed to demonstrate the antihyperglycemic effect, endothelial protection, and toxicity of basil leaves on Diabetes-induced Wistar rats in vivo.

METHODS: Streptozosin injections were used to induced diabetes in male Wistar rats. Basil leaves extracts 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg BW were introduced to diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels (BGL), soluble Advanced Glycation End, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Kidney and liver functions together with the histopathology reports were reported for acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity studies.

RESULTS: Basil leaves exposure significantly lowers BGL (p < 0.00), but yielded no statistically significant difference between extract doses. Hemostatic parametersshowed significantly reduced endothelial dysfunction markers for all doses compared to control. Toxicity study yielded no differences between control and any doses of basil leaves in all acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity studies. Histopathological findings exhibited no evidence of tissue damage on the liver, kidney, heart, pancreas, lung, and lymph tissues in either control or experiment rats.

CONCLUSIONS: Basil leaves exposure were positively associated with lower glucose level, lower endothelial activation markers on Diabetic rats. The toxicity and histopathological results of the extract are on par with control.
On the multiple temporalities of Guna woodcarving
Authors: Fortis Paolo
Published: September 2021

Cet article explore les notions de temporalité qui se dégagent de l’étude ethnographique de la sculpture rituelle sur bois chez les Guna du Panama. S’appuyant sur le concept de « cartes du temps » d’Alfred Gell, il montre que la sculpture sur bois des Guna est un outil de navigation temporelle qui permet d’accéder à de multiples images du temps grâce aux qualités de ces artefacts qui acquièrent un sens à travers les relations intersubjectives. Les figures rituelles en bois donnent accès à l’action différée du temps d’origine en établissant une synchronisation avec le temps biographique humain et avec le temps des esprits qui en sont les propriétaires. La sculpture sur bois doit donc être considérée comme un processus matériel qui s’engage récursivement à la fois dans la connaissance historique et l’expérience vécue, les rendant mutuellement significatives, jetant ainsi un pont entre les processus individuels et collectifs variant avec le temps.
Rendre « propre » son enfant selon son « rythme » individuel
Authors: Chantseva Victoria
Published: September 2021

En France, les parents des jeunes enfants sont confrontés à un paradoxe : d’un côté, l’institution scolaire exige que les enfants entrent à l’école maternelle sans couches à 3 ans et, de l’autre, il est attendu que les parents respectent le « rythme » individuel de l’enfant en évitant de le forcer à abandonner les couches (norme véhiculée par les pédiatres et les professionnelles de la petite enfance). Comment cette contradiction normative est-elle gérée par les familles ? En s’appuyant sur un corpus d’entretiens avec des parents (principalement des mères) de différentes catégories socioprofessionnelles, ainsi que sur une enquête réalisée dans une crèche, l’article examine ces injonctions institutionnelles contradictoires et étudie la façon dont les parents composent avec celles-ci. Quelques attitudes éducatives (« militante », « pragmatique », « anticipation sereine », « anticipation fébrile ») seront examinées de manière à présenter les différentes façons d’agir face aux contraintes en question.
Conservation of Northwestern and Southwestern Pond Turtles: Threats, Population Size Estimates, and Population Viability Analysis
Authors: Manzo Stephanie , Nicholson E. Griffin , Devereux Zachary , Fisher Robert N. , Brown Chris W. , Scott Peter A. , Shaffer H. Bradley
Published: September 2021

Accurate status assessments of long-lived, widely distributed taxa depend on the availability of long-term monitoring data from multiple populations. However, monitoring populations across large temporal and spatial scales is often beyond the scope of any one researcher or research group. Consequently, wildlife managers may be tasked with utilizing limited information from different sources to detect range-wide evidence of population declines and their causes. When assessments need to be made under such constraints, the research and management communities must determine how to extrapolate from variable population data to species-level inferences. Here, using three different approaches, we integrate and analyze data from the peer-reviewed literature and government agency reports to inform conservation for northwestern pond turtles (NPT) Actinemys marmorata and southwestern pond turtles (SPT) Actinemys pallida. Both NPT and SPT are long-lived freshwater turtles distributed along the west coast of the United States and Mexico. Conservation concerns exist for both species; however, SPT may face more severe threats and are thought to exist at lower densities throughout their range than NPT. For each species, we ranked the impacts of 13 potential threats, estimated population sizes, and modeled population viability with and without long-term droughts. Our results suggest that predation of hatchlings by invasive predators, such as American bullfrogs Lithobates catesbeianus and Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides, is a high-ranking threat for NPT and SPT. Southwestern pond turtles may also face more severe impacts associated with natural disasters (droughts, wildfires, and floods) than do NPT. Population size estimates from trapping surveys indicate that SPT have smaller population sizes on average than do NPT (P = 0.0003), suggesting they may be at greater risk of local extirpation. Population viability analysis models revealed that long-term droughts are a key environmental parameter; as the frequency of severe droughts increases with climate change, the likelihood of population recovery decreases, especially when census sizes are low. Given current population trends and vulnerability to natural disasters throughout their range, we suggest that conservation and recovery actions first focus on SPT to prevent further population declines.
Les micro-récits d’une littérature-monde : Landolfi et Nabokov traducteurs de Pouchkine
Authors: Gauthier Stanislas
Published: September 2021

Landolfi et Nabokov traduisent pendant la Guerre froide le Cavalier de bronze, un long poème narratif de Pouchkine qui devint progressivement le chef-d’œuvre national russe. Contrairement aux autres traducteurs qui traduisent d’une manière globale, ces deux écrivains-traducteurs travaillent à très petite échelle. Visant la restitution d’affects, ils commentent en des micro-récits les mots de Pouchkine et laissent virtuelle la possibilité de fonder des liens sociaux internationaux.
La mise en récit des dissidences religieuses
Authors: Montantou Matthieu
Published: September 2021

L’enjeu de ce travail est de proposer quelques pistes de réflexion pour cerner le récent renouvellement de l’historiographie des dissidences médiévales. Il s’agit en effet de s’interroger sur les ressources à la disposition des historiens pour saisir les deux niveaux de réalité historique : car il semble nécessaire de distinguer clairement les phénomènes eux-mêmes des discours dont ils sont les supports. L’historien doit ainsi s’efforcer de gérer ces discours, à la fois lorsqu’il étudie les traces du passé et lorsqu’il tente d’en rendre compte en l’intellectualisant, ce qui est le propre du travail historique. Cet article considère ainsi les deux niveaux de confrontation des historiens à ce que Foucault nomme les discours.
The Role of Family Ownership in Survival and Bouncing Back
Authors: Iborra María , Safón Vicente , Dolz Consuelo
Published: September 2021

The latest global economic and financial crisis has been a litmus test for companies, especially for SMEs. These companies have had to demonstrate their ability to be resilient, surviving first and then recovering. This chapter studies the role of family ownership in the survival and recovery of SMEs during a stressful event. From a perspective based on the complementarity or substitutability of goals that family firms pursue, the authors propose that family ownership has a positive effect on survival but a negative effect on recovery. Furthermore, they propose that the risk of bankruptcy before a crisis moderates the relationship between family ownership and survival. Hypotheses have been tested with a dataset of 3,133 Spanish manufacturing MEs finding evidence for the positive role of family ownership in survival and for the moderating effect of previous bankruptcy risk. The empirical data confirms good news for family-owned firms.
Male and Female Successors' Support
Authors: Ben Salem Anis Abdelatif
Published: September 2021

Despite substantial research on business success, female succession, its associated process, the encountered difficulties within the succession process, and the suitable support are theoretically ignored. The low attention of this subject is preconditioned by some cultural factors essentially religion and habits favorable to man. Successors face some difficulties like acceptance, integration, insertion, and management. It differs from the context and the successors' identities. Some countries support men more than women; others support women than men while some countries refuse this distinction. Using 20 successors, this study aims to understand how religion interferes in supporting successors within the succession process. Muslim countries offer to contextually support and assure business continuity and business cohesion.
The Daughter's Career in Family Firms
Authors: Ferrari Filippo
Published: September 2021

In spite of the considerable importance of career issues in the field of family business gender studies, current literature shows a lack of attention to careers in family businesses. Due to this theoretical limitation, this chapter aims to investigate quantitatively the second generation's career in a sample of Italian family firms (N=297). Findings suggest that the careers of females and males show different characteristics. This chapter contributes to the limited research on daughter succession. Moreover, it provides a contribution to understanding the daughters' organizational and educational career in small and medium-sized family firms specifically, filling a gap in the current literature. Finally, this chapter prompts a reflection on the cultural/contextual aspects that impact upon entry into the company.
Sustainable Development in Family Firms
Authors: Dettori Angela , Floris Michela , Dessì Cinzia
Published: September 2021

This chapter outlines the relevance of sustainable development as a key for family firm success and its ability to guarantee long-term survival and spread positive effects in social, economic, and natural environments. By particularly analyzing a single case study of a Sardinian family business, this work explores the intertwined relationships among sustainability, owner innovativeness, and firm success. Moreover, the importance of family businesses and the scarcity of the study conducted to date have suggested a focus on how these companies tackle sustainability challenges.
Matching Sustainability Strategy and Results
Authors: Broccardo Laura , Truant Elisa
Published: September 2021

The aim of the research is to analyze the strategy and the value creation system from a sustainable point of view adopted in an Italian family firm, with a particular focus strategic intensions and strategic projects under implementation. This work has been conducted through the qualitative method of case study, where theory and empirical research are intertwined. In particular, semi-structured interviews and internal document analysis have been conducted. The research shows how the company has implemented the strategy, focusing on sustainability critical success factors and key projects in order to lay the foundation for innovation and growth. The chapter has some theoretical and practical implications as it contributes to integrate the existing literature on family firms, strategic planning, and sustainability, and allows managers better understand how a sustainability strategy can be translated into operational terms.
Sustainability, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Corporate Reputation in the Wine Sector
Authors: Iannone Barbara
Published: September 2021

This article offers a comprehensive overview on the relationship between sustainability, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and corporate reputation (CR) by examining a field study case of a wine family firm located in the Abruzzo region of Italy. Through qualitative research methods, direct interviews to the family, social accountability, archives and observations of the company's life, information is organized in thematic areas suggesting the need of an alignment between environmental and business interests. The results are further used in proposing a framework model focused on the identification of key performance indicators (KPI). The main pillars of this concept are evaluating, monitoring and improving CR. The conclusion stresses the importance of replicating this type of modelling initiative with the purpose of professionalizing the wine industry into a more sustainable production and more successful business practices.
Affective and Emotional Determinants of Entrepreneurial Orientation Within Family Firms
Authors: Hernández-Linares Remedios , López-Fernández María Concepción , Naranjo-Sánchez María José , Fielden Laura Victoria
Published: September 2021

As a predominant form of business organization, family firms have attracted increasing attention by scholars, and especially by those researching entrepreneurial orientation with the aim of better understanding of entrepreneurial activities pursued by enterprises. However, the literature on the confluence of entrepreneurial orientation and family firms has paid scant attention to the influence of affective and emotional factors. To cover this research gap, the authors analyze the impact of affective commitment and concern for socioemotional wealth preservation on entrepreneurial orientation. To do so, they performed an empirical study using the data collected from 342 small and mid-sized family firms from Portugal, a country where family firms are under-researched even though they make up the backbone of the economy. Results show that both affective commitment and socioemotional wealth positively impact entrepreneurial orientation, pointing to the need to further research the relationships between such factors and strategic behaviors in the family business context.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Knowledge Management for Succession
Authors: Saiz-Alvarez José Manuel , Baños-Monroy Verónica Ilián , Ramírez-Solís Edgar Rogelio
Published: September 2021

Research on entrepreneurial orientation and its relation with family SMEs has been primarily focused on value creation, and not how this value can be generated on the succession process. At this respect, paternalism plays a crucial role in reinforcing family inertia, as Mexican firms are traditional and generally closed to changes. In this chapter, four Mexican family SMEs are analyzed to study how the entrepreneurial orientation of Mexican family firms has effects on both the entrepreneurial performance and the succession process.
Senior Entrepreneurship and Family Business Vitality in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Saiz-Alvarez Jose Manuel , Coduras Alicia , Roomi Muhammad Azam
Published: September 2021

The Saudi economy constitutes 30% of the Arab world's GDP (gross domestic product). Traditionally focused on oil and natural gas, the economy is in the process of a structural transformation in which entrepreneurship has a pivotal role to play. Sixty percent of Saudi Arabia's population is under the age of 30. Against this background, this chapter will analyze senior entrepreneurship and the creation of family businesses in Saudi Arabia. Finally, the authors propose some measures for their generation.
Are Family Businesses a Good Environment for Project Management?
Authors: Ferrari Filippo
Published: September 2021

Relationships between project management, operations management, and organizational strategy are well-known, as well as organizational influences on project. Family businesses work on projects, but their unique nature makes family firms a challenging context for Project Management. This chapter aims to present and discuss the specific dynamics of family business that can impact project management practices. By definition, a project is a complex system, consisting of a set of dozens of interrelated sub-processes. As is known, the percentage of projects that satisfy both technical requirements, budget compliance and which meet the deadlines, is extremely low. This fact forces the researchers to equip themselves with more sophisticated tools to face the complexity of a project, in order to increase its chances of success.
Family Firms and the Effects of Organizational Culture on Their Innovation
Authors: Baykal Elif
Published: September 2021

Owing to the fact that sustainability and the financial performance of businesses are important work outcomes in family firms, in this chapter for both reaching work and family related goals and ensuring sustainibility, it is proposed that family firms as in the case with their non-family counterparts will prefer to exploit innovativeness in attaining their financial goals. The main objective of this chapter is understanding innovative inclinations and preferences of family firms and examining the relationship between innovativeness and organizational cultures of these companies. And it is suggested that organizational culture will act as a catalyzer in this relationship. In the chapter, innovativeness in family firms has been examined in detail. Main types of organizational cultures regarding innovation in family firms have been explained in detail, and an approach that suggests that organizational climate is closely related with the innovativeness of family firms has been adopted.
Open Innovation Strategies in SMEs
Authors: Rahman Hakikur
Published: September 2021

Open innovation in enterprises has already obtained its acceptance at all levels of the business industry for adding worth to the business. The value could be in the form of economic expanse or enhancement of knowledge leading to a sustained financial base. Open innovation adopts various strategies to accomplish the task for enhancing the value gain. Varying by size, nature, pattern, or characteristics of the firm, various strategies are being adopted by enterprises. Though largely known to be familiar in corporate business houses, in recent years, open innovation is also becoming increasingly recognizable in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and the trend is rapidly escalating. However, despite the potency of open innovation strategies, most of the enterprises are yet to find a sustained business model, especially for the SMEs working at the outmost periphery of that value chain. This chapter is trying to formulate a business model incorporating partnership approach from academia, research houses, intermediaries, practitioners, and other stakeholders.
Hidden Disabilities
Authors: Irish Cheryl
Published: September 2021

Students with disabilities are choosing post-secondary educational options at increasing rates. While students with learning disabilities are endeavoring to earn degrees, many have typically struggled to meet the academic requirements. Research findings suggest that appropriate academic support tailored to individual needs and provided throughout the course of study can be effective in assisting students to attain a bachelor's degree. Effective supports for college students with learning disabilities include strategies that allow for multiple means of engagement, representation, and expression. This chapter will explore the college journey of a young man with nonverbal learning disabilities. The characteristics of NVLD and how those characteristics were expressed in his life will be reviewed. The student and a professor from the university discuss specific supports that lessened the effects of deficient executive function and information processing. The author also shares how the ongoing supports provided in college facilitated the student's attainment of a bachelor's degree.
Assistive Technologies and Design for People With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Gulino Denise
Published: September 2021

This chapter has the aim to provide a concise overview of which assistive technology tools can be used to implement interventions for people with autism spectrum disorders and what developers and designers must take into account when they want to approach to the development of these technologies. Four areas of intervention have been identified: (1) treatment of phobias, (2) social interactions, (3) academic skills, (4) job performance. Ten contributions have been reviewed for a total of 216 participants. Positive results and limits of various studies have been identified. In each session a specific technology will be analyzed, and some general guidelines will be provided. Some suggestions will be emphasized for future research.
The Use of Assistive Technology as a Tool for Family Support and Recovery Post Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Akbar Khalida
Published: September 2021

The recovery period post acquired brain injury (ABI) results in individuals becoming vastly dependent on family support and caregivers. Theoretical data and findings suggest that there is a lack of awareness and family support structures surrounding those affected by ABI. The empirical data indicated the need for further research and development aimed at improving conditions for recovery for individuals who are recovering from acquired brain injury. This chapter is aimed at creating awareness of assistive technology that can be used in conjunction with existing family support structures for people who are affected by ABI. The findings of this study have the potential to significantly contribute to practices and policies in society through research by providing a local country-contextual theoretical understanding of what needs to be done for persons with ABI and how AT can be used as a recovery tool within family support structures during the recovery process.
Future of Work
Authors: Ünal Zeynep Merve
Published: September 2021

The aim of the chapter is to advance the framework of meaningful work under the new normal of COVID-19. The conceptualization of meaningful work is defined by the extensive literature review and current research findings. Future of work and its meaning are shaped by the crucial internal and external triggers as human resource practices, job-demand resources model, leadership, job crafting, playful work design, strengths used by individuals, and self-leadership. The meaning at distance work is reinforced by the fulfillment of individual needs. Within this context, new conceptualization of needs for meaning-based person job fit has emerged. The understanding of the relationship between variables and new meaningful work were enlightened by the theoretical framework of self-determination theory, social exchange theory, job-demand resources theory, work identity theory, social learning theory, social cognitive theory, and self-leadership theory. The chapter explores the possible outcomes of COVID-19 and its possible opportunities for employees, organizations, and education sectors.
Academic Motivation and Self-Discipline Strategies for Online Learners
Authors: Guetzoian Emily
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the academic motivation and self-discipline of online learners and how online academic strategies can translate to the modern-day workforce in the post-pandemic world. The chapter examines digital learning trends and skills students need to prepare them for online learning, such as self-directedness. It discusses the difference between motivation and self-discipline. It also covers strategies specific for different types of learners, such as undergraduate students, graduate students, first-generation students, students with disabilities, and students from underrepresented populations. It provides tips for various levels of educators to support student motivation and self-discipline in the online environment. It also provides tips for students themselves to address their own motivation and self-discipline strategies, such as eliminating distractions, setting goals, using technology effectively, and developing a routine. The chapter concludes with suggestions of how to implement these online academic skills into the workplace.
Beyond High-Stakes Assessment
Authors: McGrath Breeda , Mavo Navarro Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

High-stakes assessments in higher education serve a gate-keeping function for institutional and programmatic accreditation and determine outcomes for students on state boards and professional licensing and certification examinations. The assessments are defined by specific characteristics such as: a single, summative examination, a clear measure of success and failure, and significant consequences for candidates. Controversial aspects are related to whether they actually measure individual achievement or meaningful skills, the current mismatch between education and workplace needs, and the increased use of technology in instruction. Can high-stakes testing evolve and move with the times?
COVID-19
Authors: Alaali Mansoor Ahmed
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 has disrupted university education and stirred all aspects of university life. Universities shifted to online teaching, learning, and assessments and were generally successful, but governments and societies became skeptical about the outcomes and the creditability of the degrees. This chapter presents the challenges faced by online education and weighs them against the benefits. The chapter also discusses the assumptions made during this transformation phase and their impact. The last part of the chapter presents a vision model of the future of online education and the newly created competitions between rich and poor universities and the move towards new opportunities of multiple-sourced degrees, virtual campuses, and virtual professors.
Academic Governance Arrangements
Authors: Soni Vivek , Banwet Devinder Kumar
Published: September 2021

Governing the quality of academic activities at the institution level is a challenging task. Literature shows that the model of academic governance considers quality but still lacks proper standardization of academic functions and risk minimization in higher institutes. In the current chapter, the authors present a conceptual framework of academic governance, different arrangements settings, and exploring nexus of governance in education sector: how it operates to support the quality of academic activities. Using literature content and qualitative analysis, firstly the chapter explores a few factors of academic governance such as expectations of regulators, standards, and quality, and secondly, it presents influences due to pandemic on academic governance. At the last, this chapter draws inferences to act as a starting point for the study on academic governance, refers knowledge, infuses more research practices, and answers a few questions that might surface from the implementation of academic governance in assuring quality.
The University of Panic
Authors: Brabazon Tara
Published: September 2021

A pandemic crushes assumptions and inherited narratives of higher education. This chapter explores how COVID-19 tested the parameters of teaching and learning and how universities failed this test. Through the panic of shutdowns, lockdowns, economic restructures, social distancing, and closures, the speed of change and decision making was profound and under public scrutiny. Online learning has been a panacea for economic and social problems for 20 years. To manage a crisis the scale of COVID-19, online learning would be the obvious solution. However, the pandemic showed the flaws in this strategy and the toxic reality of quick fixes to higher education. Students were short changed and academics pushed to exhaustion. After COVID-19, higher education is in shreds. The visions and futures of universities are blurred. Using the theories of Paul Virilio, particularly his University of Disaster, this chapter probes how higher education unravels and dissociates teaching and research. When time is short and risks are high, what mode of leadership will survive in the post-pandemic university?