bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF THE SOCIAL PROFESSION 'TEACHER'
Authors: Teneva Mariya , Zhelyazkova Zlatka
Published: November 2021

This article is aimed at revealing the specifics of the professional choice made by students-future teachers. The increased interest in recent years of young people in studying pedagogical specialties provoked our research attention towards differentiating the factors influencing their professional choices. This article presents the results of a study conducted with students majoring in "Primary school pedagogy with a foreign language" who study at the Faculty of Education at Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. The results of the study indicate that in their professional choices, students are influenced by a wide range of social and personal factors. The most important social factors are: proximity of the university to the place where the student resides, the high social assessment of the quality of education at the university/faculty, and the prestige of the teaching profession in society. Among the personal factors for choosing the profession of pedagogue, students rank in leading positions their desire to work with children and their love for the teaching profession, formed under the influence of the high professionalism of their good teachers.
ATTITUDES TO THE APPLICATION IN PRACTICE OF THE SPORTS-ENTERTAINMENT COMPETENCE OF THE EDUCATOR
Authors: Zheleva-Terzieva Donka
Published: November 2021

Introduction: This article examines and analyses the need for the formation of professional-pedagogical competence for the realization of sports-animation activities in an educational environment. The opinion of current pedagogues and competent persons (experts in the field of physical education, sports animation and pedagogical area) have been studied, as well as the change in the attitudes of students from pedagogical specialties, as a result of training, on the application of the sports-animation competence of the pedagogy in and out of professional pedagogical practice.

Methods: The empirical method used is a survey applied to 291 persons. The results obtained are subject to processing and statistical analysis by the methods of quantitative analysis of survey data – Van der Waerden test and Z-test. The concordance coefficient has been calculated – to determine the degree of consistency in the expert assessment and the main empirical characteristic, – as a well as the arithmetic mean.

Findings and results: The results show high values of the indicators characterizing the opinions and attitudes of the surveyed persons both in the direct professional-pedagogical activity and on its realization beyond the vocational-pedagogical practice (within leisure time) and confirm the existence of grounds and real needs from the formation of professional-pedagogical competence for the implementation of sports-animation activities in an educational environment.
Semi-Automatic Image Segmentation on X-ray Image of Spine using Active Contour Method
Authors: Sardjono Tri Arief , Chozin Ahmad Fauzi Habiba , Nuh Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Currently, many image analysis methods have been developed on X-Ray of scoliotic patients. However, segmentation of spinal curvature is still a challenge, and needs to be improved. In this research, we proposed a semi-automatic spinal image segmentation of scoliotic patients from X-Ray images. This method is divided into 2 steps: preprocessing and segmentation process. A conversion process from RGB to grayscale and CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adequate Histogram Equalization) method was used in image preprocessing. The active contour method was used for the segmentation process. The result shows that segmentation of spinal X-ray images of scoliotic patients using active contour method interactively, can give better results. The average of ME and RAE values are 12.98% and 26.75 %. instead of using the interactive region splitting method which gets 21.17% and 89.27%. Keywords: active contour, interactive segmentation, pre-processing, scoliosis.
Construction Design, Modelling, and Parameter Computation Outer Rotor Induction Motor
Authors: Putra Faizal Ramadhan , Iskandar Eka , Abdul Kadir Rusdhianto , Santoso Ari , Bilfaqih Yusuf , Hady Mohamad Abdul
Published: November 2021

In this journal, we will discuss the construction design of an outer rotor induction motor that can be applied to an electric car that is installed inside the car's wheels. In designing a motor, it is necessary to pay attention to the motor parameters, both mechanical parameters, and electrical parameters. These parameters will be calculated using software and designed in such a way as to get the parameters that are as effective and efficient as possible for the use of electric cars. After obtaining the best design, a comparison of the simulation results with mathematical modeling will be seen. In this final project, we can get a design with an initial torque of 64 Nm for a speed limit of 25 km/hour. Keywords: construction, induction, in-wheel, motor, outer rotor.
DEVELOPMENT OF OPTICAL TRANSDUCER ON FABRICS FOR THE APPLICATION OF LIQUID CLUSTERING USING REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Briliana Viona Hazar , Mujiono Totok
Published: November 2021

Recently, usage of fabrics as wearable device, along with their applications are increasing, one example being the detection of bio-analyzes such as blood or sweat. One method used to observe the properties of the material of a fabric is to use the Refcletance Spectroscopy, in which excitation of monochromatic light with a specific wavelength is given to a fabrics. Intensity value is then processed using the PCA method in order to obtain the pattern of the difference between each substrate. The proposed transducer optic system consists of 405nm blueviolet laser as the light source, biconvex lens, Adafruit AS7262 light detector, and Arduino. This system can only detect the difference in substrate content from the occurring light scatter. This system can be applied to various kinds of fabric wearable material with differing scatter intensity values depending on the kind of fabrics. Softer kind of fabric is proposed as material for the wearable device because it gives a high scatter intensity value and constant values in every repetation which results in better data reading.Keywords: clustering, optical, reflectance, spectroscopy, transducer, wearable.
Hospital-acquired infection awareness and control practices among healthcare staff: an evaluation
Authors: Saraswat Pallavi , Tiwari Rajnarayan R , Varma Muralidhar , Phadnis Sameer , Sindhu Monica
Published: November 2021

Background/Aims

Hospital-acquired infections pose a risk to the wellbeing of both patients and staff. They are largely preventable, particularly if hospital staff have adequate knowledge of and adherence to infection control policies. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness and practice of hospital-acquired infection control measures among hospital staff.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 71 staff members in a tertiary healthcare facility in Karnataka, India. The researchers distributed a questionnaire containing 33 questions regarding knowledge of hospital-acquired infections, awareness of infection control policies and adherence to control practices. The results were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16.0 and a Kruskal–Wallis test.

Results

Respondents' mean percentage score on the knowledge of hospital-acquired infections section was 72%. Their mean percentage scores on the awareness and practice of infection prevention measures sections were 82% and 77% respectively. Doctors and those with more years of experience typically scored higher.

Conclusion

The respondents had an acceptable level of knowledge, awareness and adherence to infection control practices. However, continued training is essential in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections. The majority of the respondents stated that they were willing to undertake training in this area, and this opportunity should be provided in order to improve infection control quality.
From then to now
Authors: Bandali Mahdiyah
Published: November 2021

In her last NQP column, Mahdiyah Bandali reflects on her surprise foray into paramedicine, her journey thus far, and what keeps her motivated to carry on in the face of various obstacles
Optimal management of peripancreatic fluid collection with postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy: Significance of computed tomography values for predicting fluid infection
Authors: Maeda Koki , Kuriyama Naohisa , Nakagawa Yuki , Ito Takahiro , Hayasaki Aoi , Gyoten Kazuyuki , Fujii Takehiro , Iizawa Yusuke , Murata Yasuhiro , Tanemura Akihiro , Kishiwada Masashi , Sakurai Hiroyuki , Mizuno Shugo
Published: November 2021

Peripancreatic fluid collections have been observed in most patients with postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy; however, optimal management remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the management and outcomes of patients with postoperative pancreatic fistula and verify the significance of computed tomography values for predicting peripancreatic fluid infections after distal pancreatectomy. We retrospectively investigated 259 consecutive patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy. Grade B postoperative pancreatic fistula patients were divided into two subgroups (B-antibiotics group and B-intervention group) and outcomes were compared. Predictive factor analysis of peripancreatic fluid infection was performed. Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistulas developed in 88 (34.0%) patients. The duration of hospitalization was significantly longer in the B-intervention (n = 54) group than in the B-antibiotics group (n = 31; 41 vs. 17 days, p < 0.001). Computed tomography values of the infected peripancreatic fluid collections were significantly higher than those of the non-infected peripancreatic fluid collections (26.3 vs. 16.1 Hounsfield units, respectively; p < 0.001). The outcomes of the patients with grade B postoperative pancreatic fistulas who received therapeutic antibiotics only were considerably better than those who underwent interventions. Computed tomography values may be useful in predicting peripancreatic fluid collection infection after distal pancreatectomy.
Eugénio de Castro Ibérico
Authors: Mochila Miguel Filipe
Published: November 2021

Eugénio de Castro, o poeta português mais lido, traduzido, comentado e celebrado em Espanha na primeira metade do século XX, sofreu um processo de progressiva apropriação ideológica no marco do período modernista. Este texto analisará, assim, os fatores ideológicos que subjazem à receção espanhola do autor, no contexto da condição crítica da Espanha moderna, que vive neste tempo uma situação semiperiférica e pós-imperial que permeabiliza a receção da obra e figura pública de Eugénio de Castro. Como veremos, essa receção está assim marcada por uma subtil retórica iberista que, fazendo-se progressivamente institucional e politizada, tem na verdade ascendência castelhana, funcionando como instrumento simbólico corretivo da condição crítica espanhola.
Uma hipótese baudelairiana
Authors: Sala-Sanahuja Joaquim
Published: November 2021

Com base em alguns indícios, formula-se a hipótese de que um conhecido industrial e financeiro dos anos 1920, Platão Aymamí Peig (ou Plató Peig Aymamí), muito influente em Portugal, foi o modelo do conto O Banqueiro Anarquista (1922) de Fernando Pessoa. Ou ainda mais: o “banqueiro” de Pessoa pode ter sido a síntese de duas personagens homónimas, dois Plató Peig, um financeiro, o outro anarquista, e primos entre si. De qualquer forma, a figura de Plató Peig estabeleceria a relação desta narrativa puramente abstrata, de “raciocínio”, com o ambiente lisboeta em que Pessoa se desenvolveu.
Das cartas de Lisboa
Authors: Chagas Pinheiro
Published: November 2021

É propósito deste artigo apresentar pela primeira vez uma crónica de Pinheiro Chagas, datada de finais de 1875, esquecida no Diário do Rio de Janeiro. O texto chama a atenção logo que se consulta o periódico, pois as crónicas de Chagas costumavam surgir nas colunas da página do jornal e esta, excecionalmente, tem lugar destacado no rodapé, onde costumava sair o ao folhetim.
Catalonia, Iberia and Europe. David Duarte / Giangiacomo Vale (Eds.) Roma: Aracne Editrice, 2020 364 páginas. ISBN 9788825528558
Authors: Cerdà Jordi
Published: November 2021

O volume em questão é o segundo da Biblioteca Scientifica Europea, uma coleção patrocinada pela Fundazione Eracle, cujo objetivo é refletir sobre os processos de construção da identidade europeia ao longo dos últimos dois séculos, a partir de uma perspetiva marcadamente multidisciplinar. Sob esta premissa, os editores deste volume tiveram o acerto de reunir as contribuições de Silvio Berardi, Sé gio Campos Matos, David Duarte, André Freire, Joseba Gabilondo, Niccolò Inches, Gabriel Magalhães, Víctor Martínez-Gil, Thomas Jeffrey Miley, Matteo Antonio Napolitano, Robert Patrick Newcomb, Anna Pirozzoli, José Miguel Sardica, César Rina Simón e Giangiacomo Vale em torno de três espaços – Catalunha, Ibéria e Europa – ligados por processos de identificação concêntrica.
A Ilíada Latina
Authors: Almeida Priscilla Adriane Ferreira
Published: November 2021

A Ilíada Latina é um resumo em latim da Ilíada, feita por Bébio Itálico na época de Nero. Já no século I a.C., o mito troiano passou a ser cada vez menos conhecido através da Ilíada, já que o grego era apenas aprendido pela elite romana. Durante a Idade Média, o grego deixou de ser aprendido no Ocidente, e assim, a Ilíada se perdeu durante esse período, até que estudiosos italianos começaram a aprender grego com os viajantes bizantinos no século XIV. A história da guerra de Troia, portanto, passou gradativamente a ser conhecida através de resumos, adaptações e versões em latim da Ilíada. É nesse contexto que se insere a Ilíada Latina, única obra desse conjunto que permaneceu conservada ao longo dos séculos. A redução da Ilíada homérica para apenas 1070 versos inevitavelmente acarreta perda da profundidade original, mas a Ilíada Latina também encerra aspectos interessantes. É possível ver claramente como Bébio Itálico entendia a Ilíada de Homero, através das passagens e aspectos que ele escolhe transmitir, além do que se pode compreender através de suas omissões e inovações em relação ao texto homérico original.
PENGARUH STATUS MEROKOK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF SESEORANG: STUDI KASUS INDONESIAN FAMILY LIFE SURVEY (IFLS)
Authors: Dharra Widdhyaningtyas Mahardhika  , Zaki Intan Cindyagita  , Mochamad Thoriq Akbar  , Estro Dariatno Sihaloho
Published: November 2021

Smoking is one of the biggest health problems in indonesia. One of the problems caused by smoking is adecrease in ones cognitive abilities. The number of smokers in indonesia is always increasing from year to year.According to the basic health research (riskesdas) data in 2018, the number of smokers aged over 15 years oldwas 33.8% with the 62.9% of smokers being men and 4.8% of smokers being female. This research aims to analyzehow much influence smoking status has on a persons cognitive abilities. The authors use longitudinal data from the indonesian family life survey (ifls), which follows data from 7,970 individuals aged 15 and over from 2007 (ifls4) to 2014 (ifls 5). Using panel data regression with a random effect model and controlling for socioeconomiccharacteristics and trends effect, the results show that being a smoker has a negative and significant effect on apersons cognitive abilities. The results also show that being a smoker is associated with lower cognitive levels of0.1 standard deviation (sd) compared to nonsmokers. When the smoking status was broken down according tothe level of addiction (namely light, medium, and heavy smokers), the effects of cognitive decline became bigger,respectively 0.08, 0.11, and 0.25 sd.
PERSEPSI PETANI DAN PERMASALAHAN PROGRAM KARTU TANI MENDUKUNG DISTRIBUSI PUPUK BERSUBSIDI
Authors: Gunawan Endro , Pasaribu Sahat
Published: November 2021

The farmer card program had been launched since 2016 in the java region, but its implementation had not shown significant progress until now. The objective of this study is to analyze the farmers perception of the farmer card program in supporting the distribution of subsidized fertilizers. The results of the analysis using the weighted average index (wai) showed that there were some strong and weak factors of farmers perceptions of this program. The farmers gave a strong factor in their perception about the certainty of obtaining subsidized fertilizers and the ease of obtaining subsidized fertilizer by using the card. However, the farmers also had a strong factor in their perception that the farmer card program wqs not well socialized and had difficulty using the card. On the other hand, the analysis also found that farmers had a weak perception of using farmer cards. This was because the use of farmer cards was not compulsory for the farmer, and there was a lack of promotion from the local kiosk in using the farmer card to obtain fertilizer from local fertilizer distributors. The main problem in implementing farmer card was the lack of awareness from the farmer to use them, difficulties in using the card, and the use of this card was not being required by the local government. To make farmer card program successful, we recommended to implement it as a national program, enhance cooperation and common views among the parties, provide the availability of a communication infrastructure network, and socialize it more comprehensive and planned
A házi feladat szerepe a tanulási környezet alakításában
Authors: Imre Nóra , Török Balázs , Révész László
Published: November 2021

Tanulmányunk egyrészt bemutatja, hogy az iskolai házi feladat témakörével foglalkozó nemzetközi szakirodalom milyen koncepciók mentén vizsgálja a házi feladat szerepét az tanulói eredményesség növelése, illetve az esélyegyenlőség biztosítása érdekében. Másrészt felvázoljuk, hogy a házi feladat kérdésköre hogyan jelenik meg a tanórán kívüli tanulás összefüggésében, valamint az otthon és az iskola viszonyrendszerében. A házi feladat iskolai tanulási környezetbe illesztését elsősorban az oktatási intézmények délutáni időszervezésének figyelembevétele, az ismeretek elmélyítését célzó tanórán kívüli feladatadás gyakorlata, valamint az otthoni tanulási környezet szerepe alapján tekintettük át. A Komplex Alapprogramban részt vevő általános iskolákban a házi feladat szerepére irányuló kutatásunk lehetővé tette, hogy feltárjuk az intézményvezetők, a pedagógusok és a szülők véleményét a házi feladat jelentőségéről, szerepéről, szankcionálásáról. Vizsgálatunk eredményei azt mutatják, hogy a Komplex Alapprogram házi feladat eltörlésére irányuló javaslata elindította és/vagy felerősítette a közös gondolkodást a házi feladat adásának gyakorlatáról. Kutatási szempontból érdekes helyzet adódott, ugyanis az intézmények olyan pedagógiai ajánlásokkal találkoztak, melyek követése vagy éppen korrekciója érdekében meg kellett erősíteniük, vagy esetenként ki kellett dolgozniuk szakmai álláspontjukat. Tanulmányunkban többek között bemutatjuk az intézmények eltérő reakcióit a pedagógiai módszertani fejlesztési program házi feladat adást érintő ajánlásaira.
A kompetens vállalkozásoktató pedagógus - A vállalkozásoktatás eredményessége és hatékonysága a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Mihalkovné Szakács Katalin
Published: November 2021

Hosszú évek óta a szakemberek érdeklődésének középpontjában áll, hogy mit, hogyan és ki oktasson a mikro-, kis- és középvállalkozások létrehozatala és sikeres működtetése érdekében. Sőt kijelenthető, hogy alapjaiban véve még az is kérdéses, vajon releváns-e egyáltalán a vállalkozásoktatásról, illetve annak hatékonyságáról beszélni a gyakorlatban, azaz létezik-e a vállalkozástan mint önálló diszciplína. A Todorovic (2004) munkájából ismert úgynevezett tulajdonságelmélet szerint ugyanis az egyes emberek olyan vállalkozói tulajdonságokkal születnek, amelyek az oktatás során nem sajátíthatók el, így a vállalkozás nem tanítható. A nézet ellenzői azonban azon az állásponton vannak, hogy a vállalkozói szerep kulturális és gyakorlati úton sajátítható el, így a szükséges készségek az oktatás és képzés során megszerezhetők. Szakács Ferenc és Bánfalvi Mária (2010) szerint pedig sikeres vállalkozónak sem születni nem lehet, és nem is válhat akárki azzá – humán feltételek, valamint elméleti és gyakorlati tanulás egyaránt szükségesek a kompetens vállalkozóvá váláshoz. Jelen tanulmány azt hivatott bemutatni, hogy napjaink sikeres mikro- és kisvállalkozói részt vettek-e korábban gazdasági, illetve vállalkozásképzésben, és az ott megszerzett tudás, az elsajátított készségek és jártasságok, valamint a vállalkozói kompetencia egyéb összetevőinek fejlesztése vajon meghatározó elemek voltak-e a sikerhez vezető úton?
Double-Negative α-Fetoprotein and Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Predict a Good Prognosis in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyun , Zhou Yongjie , Wu Zhenru , Peng Wei , Li Chuan , Yan Lvnan , Yang Jiayin , Wen Tianfu
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and α-fetoprotein (AFP) are routinely tested in patients with liver malignancies before surgery. However, few reports have explored the relevance of the expression pattern of these 2 tumor markers regarding the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). We herein combined these 2 tumor markers to investigate the influence on ICC malignancy and patient prognosis.

METHODS:

From March 2009 to December 2019, 519 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed ICC who underwent R0 resection were enrolled and followed. The relationships between clinicopathological parameters and these 2 tumor markers were analyzed. Propensity score matching was used to eliminate the baseline differences.

RESULTS:

A lower proportion of patients with double-negative AFP and CA19-9 had advanced tumor-node-metastasis stage, larger tumor diameter, multiple tumors, lymph node metastasis, microvascular invasion, and perineural invasion. With propensity score matching, patients were divided into double-negative and non-double-negative groups, with 128 patients in each group, and the 5-year recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates were 33.8 vs 15.2 (P < 0.001) and 45.3 vs 19.0, respectively (P < 0.001). In the multivariate Cox analyses, double negativity for the 2 tumor markers was an independent factor for recurrence-free survival (hazard ratios, 0.578; 95% CI, 0.442–0.755, P < 0.001) and overall survival (hazard ratios, 0.567; 95% CI, 0.434–0.741, P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:

Double negativity for CA19-9 and AFP indicated less invasive tumor characteristics in patients with ICC. Patients with double-negative tumor markers achieved better outcomes than those with non-double-negative markers, which is meaningful for prognostic counseling and therapeutic triage.
Eficacia de la Litotripsia Extracorpórea por Ondas de Choque en el tratamiento de litiasis renal en el Servicio de Endourología del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Bienio 2015-2016
Authors: García Ordóñez. Luis Fernando , García Ordóñez Galo Fabián , Quichimbo Sangurima Fausto Marcelo
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: nephrolithiasis is the third most common urological pathology, followed by infections and prostatic pathologies. One of the treatment options is extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT); it is a minimally invasive technique, easy to repeat, effective, with low morbidity and low cost. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of ESWT as a treatment for nephrolithiasis and its association with some factors. METHODS: We carried out a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study with retrospective data, with patients diagnosed of nephrolithiasis and treated with ESWT at the Endourology Service of Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, during the years 2015 and 2016. The sample was constituted of 146 patients. Data was Results are shown with frequencies and percentages in charts, Chi square was applied to measure the association between variables. RESULTS: The location of the stones was mainly intrarenal and on the left side. The mean size of the stones was 12.66 mm and the mean density was 996.97IU. After ESWT, tomographic control reported complete destruction of the stone in 22.6% of the patients and in almost a third of the patients there were no changes. After ESWL, most of the patients received expulsive treatment. 97% of the patients had no complications. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of ESWL decreased with age, also it was less effective in women, but the association was not statistically significant. The location of the stone, and its size had statistically significant association with the effectiveness of the treatment; ureteral and small stones were completely destroyed more frequently than renal and big stones. The stone density had no association with LEOCH effectiveness.
Caso Clínico: Resolución quirúrgica de coartación de aorta en un paciente pediátrico
Authors: Robles Lituma Thalia Vanessa , López Rodríguez Javier Arturo , Torres Washima Irene Lucía , López Torres Guillermo Teodoro
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart disease with an incidence of 4 per 10 000 live births, it may or may not be associated with patent ductus arteriosus as well as other malformations. It is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed by its classic signs such as; arterial pressure gradient between extremities, reduced pulses in the lower extremities, arterial hypertension in the upper extremities or, in severe cases, left heart failure. Its resolution can be percutaneous or surgical, depending on the patient’s age and the characteristics of the defect. CASE REPORTS: A 6-year-old male patient, asymptomatic, with suspected aortic coarctation, due to a difference between arterial pressures in the upper and lower limbs, lower limbs with reduced pulses, and a systolic murmur in the aortic focus. An echocardiogram was requested, which reported a bicuspid aortic valve with raphe, mild regurgitation, and coarctation of the aorta; CT angiography showed coarctation of the juxtaductal aorta; cardiac catheterization showed almost no passage of contrast through the defect, so surgical treatment was scheduled. EVOLUTION: Surgical correction was performed by coartectomy with end-to-end anastomosis and closure of the ductus arteriosus. After the intervention, a relevant improvement in the pressure gradient between the extremities was observed. In the postoperative period the patient presented hypertension, that we managed to control, the patient progressed favorably and was discharged after 4 days without antihypertensive treatment. CONCLUSION: Life expectancy in patients who underwent surgery to correct a congenital heart disease is higher than in those who don’t, so timely diagnosis is an important tool to improve life quality and life expectancy.
Nilai Moral Anak Usia Dini pada Kumpulan Fabel Persahabatan Karya Chandra Wening
Authors: Hidayat Imam , Wardianto Bayu Suta , Fauzi Aziz
Published: November 2021

Brawls between students that occur between students in educational institutions make the moral quality of students worse. Moral education can be done from an early age as a foundation for further education. One way is done with stories arranged in fables. This study aims to describe the moral values ​​contained in the Collection of Friendship Fables by Chandra Wening to be interpreted and taught to children. The research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The object of this research is the stories contained in the Friendship Fable Collection. Data collection applies library techniques, listening techniques, and note-taking techniques. The data in the study were analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results showed that the moral values ​​contained in the Friendship Fable Collection by Chandra Wening consist of religious moral values ​​and social-moral values. Religious moral values ​​include patience and hard work. While social moral values ​​include: help, respect, and affection. This research contributes to understanding and practicing how moral education to everyday life from an early age.
IMPLICATIONS OF MORAL EDUCATION LAWRENCE KOHLBERG AND KH AHMAD DAHLAN ON THE RELIGIOUS BEHAVIOR OF STUDENTS
Authors: Sholihah Daimah , Wafiqatun Niam Zainun
Published: November 2021

The reality of the Indonesian nation experienced an extraordinary moral crisis, marked by the widespread practice of KKN in the institution of the government and the many immoral behavior among the younger generation. This happens because there is no maximum implementation of moral education in schools, so moral values ​​are not realized perfectly. Therefore, there is a need to revitalize the implementation of moral education in schools. This research is a library research (library research) because the entire research process utilizes a variety of libraries that are relevant to the problem under study. The results showed that Lawrence Kohlberg's thoughts were secular, whereas Ahmad Dahlan's thoughts were religious. The concept of moral education both have similarities and differences. Both of their thoughts also have implications for the religious behavior of students, Lawrence Kohlberg shaped religious behavior through exemplary methodology, self-introduction, cognitive stimulation and empathy development as in the concept of moral education. Ahmad Dahlan shapes the religious behavior of students through teaching science and charity. Moral values ​​are taught to students to then be practiced in everyday life.
ANALYSIS OF THE POPULARITY OF THE USE OF STANDARD INDONESIAN AND SLANG LANGUAGE AMONG TEENAGERS IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Luthfiana Arfani Asyifa , Sri Nugraheni Aninditya
Published: November 2021

Language has a vital role in this aspect of life. Language is a communication tool to convey ideas, ideas, and also one's desires to others. In its development, language has been influenced by several things, including the users of the language itself. At present, the Indonesian language has experienced various significant changes from year to year. Teenagers have a considerable influence on the development of language in a region because they are the main focus of the outside world in measuring the ability of a nation. Various problems began to emerge regarding the Indonesian language problem, which is currently starting to erode and replaced with slang. The purpose of this writing is none other than to know the extent of the development of the Indonesian language and to maintain the position of Indonesian, especially among teenagers today. An apparent influence on teenagers now is their obsession with the use of slang which they believe can make them look cooler and more contemporary. Some adolescents also claimed that they started to be ordinary with the current position of Indonesian. The pride that began to fade in the souls of adolescents must begin to be reinvested given how influential the role of adolescents in facing competition in the industry 4.0 today.
CHARACTER BUILDING THROUGH SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Wildan Nuril Ahmad Fauzi
Published: November 2021

Ips learning has a role to play in fostering citizens in building the character of the nation. Character is a set of values that have become a habit of life so that it becomes a fixed trait in a person. this method of writing uses library research using a philosophical approach (reviewing children's education policy from a family perspective). Data collection techniques used in articles are documentation techniques that collect data material in the form of sources of books in the library, articles related to writings related to research, and collected and collected and insticronized and associated with the object of study. Research results In an effort to character-building learners in schools through social studies learning at least includes 4 things that must be done, namely curriculum, materials, teachers, and learning process. The curriculum in schools must be able to develop knowledge, skills, attitudes, values, and morals. Ips material is prepared and designed to introduce concepts related to people's lives and develop knowledge, understanding, and ability to social conditions in society.
THE PRINCIPAL’S POLICY TOWARDS ONLINE LEARNING VIA WHATSAPP GROUP IN THE COVID-19 ERA
Authors: Fajrin Laila , Fatonah Siti
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepala sekolah MI Miftahul Huda Jepara dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran online melalui grup whatsapp di era pandemi COVID-19. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Objek penelitian adalah MI Miftahul Huda Jepara sedangkan kepala sekolah adalah subjek penelitian. Sumber data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menganalisis, mengorganisasi data, dan menemukan hasil penelitian yang dapat dilaporkan secara sistematis. Sedangkan uji validitas data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan kredibilitas data melalui triangulasi, observasi ekstensifikasi, pemeriksaan teman sebaya, dependabilitas dan konfermability. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kepala Sekolah MI Miftahul Huda Jepara memiliki kebijakan dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran online melalui whatsapp group dengan tahapan perencanaan. implementasi dan evaluasi. Untuk mensukseskan kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan, kepala sekolah bekerjasama dengan wali kelas, guru kelas dan orang tua siswa. Kebijakan prinsipal berdampak positif dan negatif. Dampak negatif kepala sekolah ini ditanggapi dengan sejumlah solusi yang solutif agar pembelajaran online tetap kondusif.
The IMPLEMENTATION OF ALFABET BOX EDUCATIVE GAMES TO IMPROVE LANGUAGE SKILLS
Authors: Wiresti Ririn Dwi , Vionitta Wibowo Devi
Published: November 2021

Language development is an important development to be stimulated properly, because it is this development that lead children to social development that can affect emotions and even cognitive. If this language development is not stimulated optimally then the child can experience developmental stagnation. The importance of language development is not accompanied by adequate educational learning tools. So researchers want to know how to implement the Alphabet box game to improve children's language development. This research is a qualitative research with a description method with the mother teacher data source and class B1 BA Restu 1 Malang. Data were collected in 3 ways, namely interviews, observation, and documentation. So that the results of in-depth, detailed, and credible research, researchers in miles and hub analysis techniques include data collection, data presentation, data reduction, and concluding. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of an alphabet box educational game tool can improve children's language development accompanied by the mother of the teacher.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MIDDLE CHILDHOOD SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A NARRATIVE REVIEW WITH RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors: Salma Umi
Published: November 2021

This study aims to narratively review various articles related to the social and emotional development problems of children affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and to find out preventive measures to keep children’s social and emotional development on track. The method used in this article is a review of articles related to the social and emotional development problems of children affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study indicate that there are several problems related to social and emotional development in children during COVID-19 pandemic, namely anxiety, depression, attachment, annoyance, irritability, and fear of asking questions about the pandemic. The research also includes actions that can be taken to safeguard children's social and emotional development, such as community health education strategies and family support, managing games for children, physical activity, a balanced diet, regulating the use of gadgets, providing time to share sadness, providing time to listen to children, sharing feelings of security, strength, and affection with children, providing special care for children who suffer from toxic stress, provide psychosocial support, and provide initial psychological support.
IMPLEMENTATION OF CURRICULUM MANAGEMENT THE LEARNING CENTER IN PAUD TERPADU MUTIARA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Handayani Iys Nur
Published: November 2021

Early childhood Education institutions that provide services and facilities to the students with the aim of the development aspects of the religion-moral, cognitive, language, social-emotional, and physical-motor. Proper learning model for early childhood is required. Centre learning models applied in the PAUD Institute need to have a curriculum management tailored to the curriculum that is carried out in an institution. The purpose of this article is to know the implementation of curriculum management in the Learning Center in PAUD Terpadu Mutiara Yogyakarta. The research method used in this study aims to obtain facts and conclusions in order to gain understanding, explanation, divination, and control. This type of research is a qualitative field research. Research in PAUD Terpadu Mutiara Yogyakarta. The result of this research is that the implementation of curriculum management in the Learning Center in PAUD Terpadu Mutiara Yogyakarta became the 4 stages of the processing process, as follows: 1) Planning curriculum is designed in accordance with vision, mass and institution objectives, 2) The organization of the curriculum contains the management of organizational in the institution, 3) Implementation of the curriculum in the Learning Centers (Preparation Center, Role of Micro Center, Macro Role Center, Beam Center, Faith and Taqwa Center, Arts Creativity Center, Science Center, Cooking Center, Multimedia Center, and Natural Material Center), 4) Control or appraisal is done in the students and all educators.
Wolności literatury? Wartościowanie wolności w debacie o literaturze zaangażowanej w Czechach na początku drugiej dekady XX w.
Authors: DERDOWSKA Joanna
Published: November 2021

W debacie, która przebiegła w czeskich czasopismach literackich w latach 2012– –2013 na temat znaczenia zaangażowania w literaturze (szczególnie poezji) jej uczestnicy wielokrotnie posługiwali się kategorią wolności. Na przykładzie tej deba- ty artykuł pokazuje, jak w dyskursie publicznym, także intelektualnym, pojęcie wol- ności służy obronie pozycji indywidualistycznych przeciw domniemanemu zagrożeniu wspólnotowością rozumianą jako forma zniewolenia twórcy jako jednostki. W poszukiwaniu potencjalnego remedium na spolaryzowanie pojęć zwraca się ku roli odbiorcy w procesie lektury.
Authentic Literature in Textbooks of Czech as a Foreign Language
Authors: SACHROVÁ Kateřina
Published: November 2021

Usage of the literary style is an important part of teaching and learning Czech as a native or foreign language. The literary style, or more exactly, the style of literature, drama and poetry, is an important way of that representing the culture at the basis of the taught language. In this paper, we provide a short outline of the problem of authenticity in textbooks of Czech as a foreign language. The aim of this article is to present some of the aspects of using authentic literary texts in modern communicative textbooks. The study is based on analysis of the textual content of contemporary teaching materials.
Komerčka, penzijko
Authors: Hrdlička Milan
Published: November 2021

Článek přibližuje vybrané případy dvou důležitých procesů v oblasti slovní zásoby současné češtiny, a sice univerbizace a abreviace. Uvádí se příčina jejich vzniku a komentuje se jejich podstata, druhy, formální prostředky stejně jako vybrané frekventované případy jejich uplatnění v lexiku každodenní komunikace.
Einleitung: Staatsfinanzen und Konflikt
Authors: Schönhärl Korinna , Spoerer Mark
Published: November 2021

The following issue arose from a section at the Congress for Economic and Social History in Regensburg in March 2019 and focuses on fiscal conflicts in Europe from the early modern period until today. Distributive fiscal conflicts are seen here as a probe into the past which can increase our understanding of historical social structures. Fiscal history is analysed as a central arena of the modern state. The introduction provides an overview of current research into fiscal history in Germany and of the contributions presented in this focus issue.
Kommunaler und kollektiver Widerstand gegen fiskalische Abschöpfung in der alten Eidgenossenschaft (Schweiz vor 1800)
Authors: Schläppi Daniel
Published: November 2021

Whenever there was a conflict about taxes in the Old Swiss Confederacy, it was about participation in collective resources in general, or about the question of who had to contribute to the commonwealth and to what extent, and who was allowed to benefit from it. In this debate the idea of a fair redistribution of goods among the full members of a political and economic community played a decisive role. Moreover, a tightening of the tax regime was never enforced unilaterally from above. Rather, newly demanded taxes were either withdrawn afterwards or at least offset by symbolic compensation. Given its tasks, the state had tobe organized as cheaply as possible. This is why spending restraint was given at least as much importance as fighting taxes. Tax conflicts were conservative and not revolutionary in character. The protesters did not aim to fundamentally reorganize the system but, with reference to the old tradition and old freedoms, only wanted to abolish the grievances that were perceived to be becoming increasingly worse. The current conditions were merely tobe rearranged according to the model of the idealized ancestral community.
Economic Cultures and Debates on Taxation in Italy after World War II: 1943–1948
Authors: Bozzi Paolo
Published: November 2021

This contribution analyses the change in the conception of taxation which occurred in Italy during the aftermath of World War II. From being a neutral mechanism to collect state revenue, in this period taxation became seen as a powerful political tool to redistribute income and wealth. The article primarily relies on material collected by the Economic Commission of the Ministry for the Constituent Assembly set up in 1945, a unique source which offers a comprehensive overview of the different conceptions of taxation at the time. Drawing upon their different economic and political ideologies, liberal economists and entrepreneurs, Christian Democrats, and Communists formulated alternative tax programmes. While liberal economists and entrepreneurs advocated the maintenance of the existing tax system on technical grounds, the Christian Democrats imposed a new conception of taxation as a means for income redistribution. Progressive and redistributive taxation was also present in the Communist programme, but their ambiguous tax views suffered from the lack of administrative and economic experience which liberal and Catholic economists had instead gathered before and partially even during the Fascist regime. The debate ended abruptly in 1947 with the exclusion of the left from government and the success of liberal conceptions. Nonetheless, during the 1960s, the Catholic emphasis on progressive and redistributive taxation incorporated the new Keynesian ideas on public finance and achieved a hegemonic position in the public debate, thus overcoming the traditional liberal view.
Nonlinear optical decoder based on photonic quasi crystal ring resonator structure
Authors: Alipour-Banaei Hamed , Mehdizadeh Farhad , Serajmohammadi Somaye
Published: November 2021

Using two nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators we proposed and designed an all optical decoder. 2D 12 fold quasicrystal was used as the core section of the resonant rings. In order to make use of advantages of nonlinear Kerr effect, we put 24 dielectric rods between the core and outer shell of the resonant ring. The linear refractive index and nonlinear Kerr coefficient of these rods are n
0 = 1.4 and n
2 = 10−14 m2/W. In the proposed structure port I was used to switch the optical beams coming from BIAS between O1 and O2 output ports. The optical intensity required for performing the switching task is about 0.1 kW/μm2.
Editorial: Topological investigations of chemical networks
Authors: Javaid Muhammad , Imran Muhammad
Published: November 2021

The topic of computing the topological indices (TIs) being a graph-theoretic modeling of the networks or discrete structures has become an important area of research nowadays because of its immense applications in various branches of the applied sciences. TIs have played a vital role in mathematical chemistry since the pioneering work of famous chemist Harry Wiener in 1947. However, in recent years, their capability and popularity has increased significantly because of the findings of the different physical and chemical investigations in the various chemical networks and the structures arising from the drug designs. In additions, TIs are also frequently used to study the quantitative structure property relationships (QSPRs) and quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) models which correlate the chemical structures with their physio-chemical properties and biological activities in a dataset of chemicals. These models are very important and useful for the research community working in the wider area of cheminformatics which is an interdisciplinary field combining mathematics, chemistry, and information science. The aim of this editorial is to arrange new methods, techniques, models, and algorithms to study the various theoretical and computational aspects of the different types of these topological indices for the various molecular structures.
Effect of polythiophene thickness on hybrid sensor sensitivity
Authors: Belhousse Samia , Tıghılt Fatma-Zohra , Bennıa Sarah , Adjtoutah Sarah , Sam Sabrina , Lasmı Kahina , Hamdanı Khaled
Published: November 2021

In recent years, hybrid structures have attracted wide consideration because they generate new very interesting properties. In this study, a hybrid gas sensor was developed using a simple fabrication process from the combination of porous silicon (PSi) and polythiophene (PTh). The study of the effect of electropolymerization rate and film thickness of PTh on the sensitivity and the stability of sensor was realized at room temperature. PSi was formed by electrochemical anodization, and it is an interesting material for sensing applications due to its high surface area. However, to avoid its degradation and to preserve its properties over the time, PSi surface was functionalized electrochemically with PTh subsequently to thermal oxidation. PTh as a conductive polymer is known for its high sensitivity and stability to environmental change. Several thicknesses of PTh have been electropolymerized onto the oxidized PSi surface to determine the best conditions for developing a sensitive and stable sensor. PTh thickness was controlled by the number of applied voltammogram cyclic. The characterizations of the different elaborated surfaces were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, contact angle, and secondary ion mass spectrometry. Finally, we studied the sensitivity, the response time, and the stability of PSi/PTh structures with different PTh thicknesses in the presence of CO2 gas and under cigarette smoke, by performing electrical characterizations, at room temperature.