bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De: Luis Medina Alcoz (2022). Historia del Derecho administrativo español. Madrid: Marcial Pons, 535pp.
Authors: Vergara Blanco Alejandro
Published: January 2025

En 2024 se ha producido entre nosotros, en la comunidad de cultores del Derecho administrativo, un fenómeno inusitado: hemos comenzado, con mayor énfasis que antes, a voltear la mirada hacia la historia de la disciplina; en efecto, las tradicionales jornadas anuales de la disciplina fueron dedicadas a la historia del Derecho administrativo, y uno de los participantes en las mismas fue el autor del libro que reseño. Luis Medina Alcoz es profesor de Derecho Administrativo de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, autor de significativos escritos sobre la temática; entre otros: los dos capítulos relativos a la historia del Derecho administrativo español en el Tratado de Derecho administrativo (vol. I: Introducción. Fundamentos) coordinado por Rodríguez de Santiago, Doménech y Arroyo (Madrid: Marcial Pons, 2021), los que fundidos y ampliados (como lo afirma el autor) fueron la base de la Historia del Derecho administrativo de 2022 que reseño. Con posterioridad ofreció una lograda síntesis de esa Historia, en la Lección 3: Bases históricas del Manual de Derecho administrativo. Revista de Derecho Público: Teoría y Método (Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2023), pp.83-107; en fin, el autor editó en 2023, con vocación de reconstrucción de la historia de la disciplina, las Lecciones de Derecho público y administrativo, de Tomás María Vizmanos, de 1839 (en Madrid: Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales).
Nuevos retos del binomio agua y energía: especial referencia al caso de las centrales hidroeléctricas reversibles y su actual impulso en España
Authors: Arana García Estanislao
Published: January 2025

La relación entre el agua y la energía es bidireccional y de una interdependencia cada vez más clara y evidente. El agua es necesaria para la energía y la energía es fundamental para casi cualquier proceso que tenga que ver con el agua. El consumo de energía es fundamental a lo largo de todo el ciclo del agua. Desde el ciclo urbano del agua (abastecimiento, saneamiento y depuración) hasta la gestión del agua para el regadío, la energía es esencial para poder aprovechar y utilizar el agua. Tanto es así que se calcula que el 8% de la energía mundial se consume en el tratamiento del agua. Por otra parte, el agua es esencial para la producción de energía. El 15% del agua consumida en el mundo es para la producción de energía. La interdependencia, por tanto, es más que evidente a nivel global.
Normas técnicas: Naturaleza e instancias de control
Authors: Portaluppi Fernández Santiago , Guzmán Lavín Samuel
Published: January 2025

En materia eléctrica, las Normas Técnicas dictadas por la Comisión Nacional de Energía se han erigido, en los últimos años, como un instrumento regulatorio relevante del sector, considerando su alcance y la amplitud de su objeto, así como su notable incremento tanto en número como en las materias reguladas por éstas. Dada su importancia estratégica, en el presente artículo se analizan los principales elementos de las Normas Técnicas, así como su naturaleza jurídica, planteándose la necesidad de implementar una instancia de control especial que permita efectuar adecuadamente una revisión del contenido y legalidad de estas normas.
Transición energética e integración vertical en el mercado eléctrico
Authors: Von Chrismar Medina Andrea
Published: January 2025

Dentro de los anuncios formulados en el mes de abril de 2023 por parte del Ministerio de Energía, como parte de la denominada “Agenda Inicial para un Segundo Tiempo de la Transición Energética”3, se incluyeron una serie de acciones, entre ellas, un proyecto de ley de transición energética, cuyo foco sería el segmento de la transmisión.
Desafíos regulatorios en materia forestal para el desarrollo de Proyectos de Medios de Generación Distribuida
Authors: Pelayo Serna Miguel , Machuca Bravo Luis
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo explica los principales desafíos regulatorios para el desarrollo de proyectos de “Pequeños Medios de Generación Distribuida” en el marco de la legislación forestal y la obtención de autorizaciones administrativas para realizar actividades de intervención (corta) de bosque, destrucción o descepado de formaciones xerofíticas, o especies arbóreas para el emplazamiento de este tipo de proyectos de generación eléctrica. El punto central es relevar la tensión entre una normativa de fomento en materia eléctrica y una proteccionista en materia forestal, lo que se expresa en dificultades jurídicas (legitimación administrativa, obras de conexión) y limitaciones (emplazamiento y procedimentales) desde o vinculadas a la regulación forestal para el desarrollo de estos proyectos.
Planificación de la transmisión eléctrica: experiencia, diagnóstico y reformas para abordar la transición energética
Authors: Quezada Marín Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

La Ley Nº 20.936 buscó regular integralmente la transmisión, con el objetivo de promover un adecuado desarrollo del sistema eléctrico. A través de la planificación centralizada, el regulador fue dotado de facultades para adoptar un rol preponderante en el crecimiento del sistema, siendo responsable de conciliar los objetivos económicos, ambientales y sociales de la industria en beneficio del bien común. El presente trabajo se enfoca en revisar los principales cambios introducidos en materia de planificación, elaborar un diagnóstico a partir de sus resultados y presentar potenciales modificaciones normativas para abordar los desafíos del escenario actual de transición energética.
La servidumbre eléctrica: pasado, presente y futuro
Authors: Corvalán Valenzuela Sergio , Mengual Henríquez Luis Felipe
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo busca relevar algunos puntos sobre las servidumbres eléctricas, el procedimiento para constituirlas, y hacer presente algunos problemas de su regulación. Se divide en el pasado donde se revisa la historia legal de la servidumbre, presente donde se resume su tramitación y algunos problemas asociados, y futuro donde se sugieren algunos ajustes en su regulación.
The influence of Interground limestone fines and metakaolin on the electrical resistivity of portland-limestone concrete
Authors: Xia Zichun , Wang Chengkai , Sanchez Leandro
Published: January 2025

The critical climate change has raised concern about the decarbonization of the cement and concrete industry, which is responsible for 8% of global CO2 emissions. Portland limestone cement (PLC), which is made by partially replacing the clinker with up to 15% interground limestone fines (LFs), has been recognized as a viable solution for its feasibility to match the engineering properties of ordinary portland cement (OPC). However, with the necessity of further increasing the LFs contents to meet the desired eco-efficiency, the dilution effect brought by less ultimate hydration products may be detrimental to the long-term performance of reinforced concrete structures, such as chloride-induced corrosion. Thus, this research explores the potential of combining PLC and alumina-rich supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to improve the resistivity of the concrete. Concrete specimens were fabricated with PLCs from two sources of three LFs replacement ratios (15, 20, and 25%). MK (8%) is used as the source of alumina. The bulk and surface resistivity results showed that combining PLC with MK can notably improve concrete resistivity even in mixtures with lower amounts of cement. Additionally, compressive strength demonstrated poor correlation with electrical resistivity, which highlights the significance of performance-based design.
Importance of Rodents and Bandicoots in the diet of the Tasmanian Masked Owl
Authors: Todd Michael K. , Kavanagh Rodney P. , Spencer Chris P. , Bell Phil J. , Mooney Nick J. , Munks Sarah A.
Published: January 2025

The food requirements of owls are critical to their conservation management. This study quantified the diet of the Tasmanian Masked Owl Tyto novaehollandiae castanops at 17 sites in eastern Tasmania, through the examination of regurgitated pellets. Mammals dominated the diet at all but one of the sites, with introduced rodents (mostly introduced Black Rat Rattus rattus and House Mouse Mus musculus) prominent in the diet at all sites. Bandicoots (mostly the Eastern Barred Bandicoot Perameles gunnii) were an important food item in diet collections south of Hobart. There was a wider range of larger-sized mammals in the diet of the Tasmanian Masked Owl than is usually found in the diet of the mainland Australian Masked Owl Tyto novaehollandiae. The prey species most common in the diet appears to vary across Tasmania and the findings suggest there is a focus on particular food sources at a particular locality. Prey partitioning between the sexes may account for some of this variation since this owl has a large degree of sexual dimorphism by size.
Effect of Sulphur and Bio-inoculants on Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L)
Authors: Masih Jason , Kawade A. A. , Panchal V. V.
Published: January 2025

An experiment entitled, "Effect of sulphur and bio-inoculants on growth and yield of soybean (Glycine Max L.)" was conducted during kharif, 2023 at new experimental cum demonstration field, SVIAg, SVVV, Indore. The field experiment was carried out in randomized block design with nine treatments. The treatments were T1- RDF (20:40:20), T2- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1, T3- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1 + Rhizobium, T4- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1+ PSB, T5- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1+ Thiobacillus, T6- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1 + Rhizobium + PSB, T7- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1 + Rhizobium + Thiobacillus, T8- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1 + Thiobacillus + PSB and T9- RDF + 20 kg S ha-1 + Rhizobium + Thiobacillus + PSB. The growth and yield attributes such as plant height, no. of leaves plant-1at 60 DAS, no. of branches plant-1, leaf area plant-1 at 60 DAS, dry matter plant-1, number of pods plant-1, pod yield plant-1, seed yield plant-1, seed yield (ha-1), straw yield (ha-1) and biological yield (ha-1) were recorded and found to be highest with the application of RDF + 20 kg S ha-1 + Rhizobium + Thiobacillus + PSB as compared to rest of the treatments. Application of RDF along with sulphur (20 kg ha-1) and seed treated with all bio-inoculants (Rhizobium, PSB and Thiobacillus) or at least one of the available bio-inoculant helps to increase soybean growth and yield of soybean.
Utilization of Nanotechnology for the Management of Plant-parasitic Nematodes
Authors: Devi Gitanjali
Published: January 2025

Plant-parasitic nematodes are the major problem in food production. Management methods are based on mainly synthetic chemicals. Chemical nematicides are undesirable due to health and environment issues. Therefore, other novel technologies or materials are needed to be evolved for the management of plant-parasitic nematodes. Nanotechnology is one of the potential and innovative technologies for the management of various phytopathogens. Many nanoparticles have a useful nematicidal effect. This review presents the mode of action of different nanoparticles which are being used for the management of plant-parasitic nematodes.
Processing and Storage Studies with Total Phenol Contents and Percentage Antioxidant Activities of Raw, Processed and Stored Pergularia daemia Leaves
Authors: Edward Dibie N. , Esther Dibie C. , Oluchi Emeribe F.
Published: January 2025

Pergularia daemia leaves are used for diet and ethnomedicinal remedies preparations in Nigeria. The concern of this study was to investigate raw, processed and stored Pergularia daemia leaves for total phenols and antioxidant activities. Sample used were obtained from Benin City, then subsequently processed and stored at varying conditions. Storage duration was two months. Samples were noted to contain total phenols and further exhibited antioxidant activities. In raw Pergularia daemia leaves, total phenols content was 2.18±0.51mg/g and percent antioxidant activities value was 94.37±3.66%. Findings also indicate that processing and storage influenced the values of the examined parameters. Statistical analysis P≤0.05 indicate significant differences between the values of the studied parameters in raw samples and their corresponding values in the processed and stored samples. Hopefully, policy formulations personnel will find the results of this work useful.
The Role of IFRS S1 and S2 in Enhancing Transparency and Accountability of ESG Reports: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wahyuni Putri Dwi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the role of IFRS S1 and S2 in improving transparency and accountability of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosures. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by analyzing 35 articles published in Scopus reputable international journals. The results show that IFRS S1 and S2 have the potential to improve the quality of sustainability reporting by providing clear and standardized guidance. The implementation of these standards can assist companies in disclosing relevant information regarding ESG policies and strategies, as well as related impacts and risks that may affect long-term business sustainability. The research also highlights challenges in the implementation of IFRS S1 and S2, such as differences in interpretation across countries, companies' unpreparedness to comply with regulations and the lack of standardized data and methodologies. This research provides insights for companies, regulators, and policymakers on the importance of transparency and accountability in ESG disclosures and how IFRS S1 and S2 can contribute to achieving these goals.
Differentiated Assessment Strategies: An Assessment Practice for Diverse Learners in the Inclusive Classroom
Authors: Rajak Krishna Kumar , Dey Naru Gopal
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study was to understand how differentiated assessment strategies are an effective method for diverse learners in inclusive classrooms (implementation and academic adaptability, benefits to diverse learners, challenges, and solutions). Studies published between 2010 to 2024 were searched through databases such as Google Scholar, Wiley, Taylor, and Francis. Differentiated assessment strategies gather information and provide better opportunities for learners to express their learning and track their learning progress. Differentiated assessment strategies are also efficaciously helpful for teachers to determine the learner’s readiness, strength, interest, and abilities. Furthermore, differentiated assessment allows teachers to modify the curriculum and adapt and accommodate the instructional plan according to the learners’ interests, learning styles, and needs. Differentiated assessment embrace diverse assessment formats, flexible timing, adaptive technology, tiered assignments, and constructive feedback. Therefore, differentiated assessment methods ensure that evaluation methods are fair, meaningful, and supportive for all diverse learners and promote inclusivity and equity. However, the study revealed some challenges, such as inadequate resources and infrastructure, inadequate teachers' training, time consumption, complexity in planning and execution, and resistance to adopting a new approach. This study recommended some solutions to overcome these challenges, such as providing teachers training, adequate resources and infrastructure, and collaboration between stakeholders like educators and administrators.
Integrating Newcomers: Effective Models for Organizational Adoption
Authors: Ali Eman Hussein , Abdalhamid Samia
Published: January 2025

This study utilizes a comparative approach to explore and contrast various models for newcomer integration within organizational contexts. By conducting a systematic literature review, the research identifies key components, outcomes, and challenges associated with each model. Through a detailed analysis of models such as the Developers Joining Model, Onion Model, Identity Socialization Model, Four C's Model, and Traditional On-boarding Process, the study evaluates their performance across critical factors including onboarding plans, mentorship, feedback, cultural fit, flexibility, and role clarity.
The findings reveal distinct strengths and limitations for each model, highlighting their varied effectiveness in promoting employee engagement and retention. The Identity Socialization Model and Four C's Model, for instance, excel in fostering long-term engagement, while the Traditional Model supports initial integration but may limit personal identity expression. The study also addresses potential drawbacks, such as resource intensity or context-specificity, proposing mitigation strategies such as phased implementation and role development.
Ultimately, this research provides actionable insights and practical recommendations for HR leaders aiming to enhance their newcomer integration strategies. By aligning the on-boarding strategies with organizational goals, organizations can foster both the immediate and long-term benefits to enhance the overall satisfaction and retention of employees.
A Review on Chandipura virus: Outbreaks and Emerging Infectious Disease for Children in India
Authors: Deshwali Zahid Hussain , Sharma Vikas
Published: January 2025

Chandipura virus, also known as Chandipura vesicular virus is a rare and poorly understood virus belonging to the family Rhabdoviridae. The virus mostly affects children and is known to cause very painful and sometimes fatal brain inflammation. Chandipura disease is a disease caused by infected sandflies. The symptoms include sudden onset of fever, brain changes and seizures, often leading to encephalitis. The rapid growth and high mortality of Chandipura disease establish a major public health problem. Diagnosing Chandipura virus infection in children involves a combination of clinical assessment and laboratory tests. Diagnostic confirmation relies on laboratory tests such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect viral RNA, and serological assays to identify specific antibodies against the virus. In some cases, viral isolation from blood or cerebrospinal fluid may be performed. Treatment for Chandipura virus infection is primarily supportive, as there are no specific antiviral therapies available. This includes fever management with antipyretics, ensuring adequate hydration, and providing supportive care for neurological symptoms such as seizures or encephalitis. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for close monitoring and advanced supportive measures. Preventative measures, such as reducing sandfly exposure through the use of insect repellent and protective clothing, are crucial in endemic areas to reduce the risk of infection. Public health programs should focus on promoting environmental control measures to reduce sandfly populations, such as proper waste management and eliminating standing water.
Exploring Regional Differences in China's New Agricultural Quality Productivity Forces
Authors: Huang Wenpeng , Jiang Chenglong , Hang Chuanli , Zhao Chengbai
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on the connotation and characteristics of China's new agricultural quality productivity forces. By constructing an evaluation index system and applying the entropy method, the dynamic measurement of new agricultural quality productivity forces levels across 31 provinces from 2012 to 2022 is conducted. The kernel density estimation method is then used to analyze its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics. The study finds that China's new agricultural quality productivity forces generally show a trend of annual improvement, manifested in a steady increase in productivity levels and a gradual narrowing of regional disparities. However, there are still significant differences in the development speed and levels between regions, with the eastern region performing the best, the central region improving slowly, and the western region showing the smallest increase, with the lowest productivity levels and notable regional imbalance. Based on the research findings, this paper offers policy recommendations for promoting the development of new agricultural quality productivity forces: First, differentiated development strategies should be tailored to local conditions. The eastern region should continue to leverage its economic and technological advantages to promote agricultural digitization, intelligence, and green sustainable development. The central region should focus on enhancing agricultural infrastructure, optimizing industrial structures, and developing specialized high-value-added agriculture. The western region should strengthen policy support, improve infrastructure, and promote the dissemination of agricultural technologies.
Pilocytic Astrocytoma-management of Post Operative Complications
Authors: SG Santhoshkumar , R Vigneswaran , S Sriram , S P Shoba
Published: January 2025

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common juvenile cerebellar tumor and glial neoplasm of the central nervous system, typically diagnosed in children and young adults. Characterized by benign, low-grade, slow-growing tumors, PA has a favorable prognosis, with a 94% survival rate at 10 years. Most often located in the cerebellum, these tumors may also present in the optic tracts, hypothalamus, and brainstem. A 5-year-old male with a history of recurrent PA presented with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and acute neurological deterioration, requiring urgent management. He had undergone prior surgery and radiotherapy for a left temporal PA. Upon presentation, the patient was treated with a range of interventions, including antiepileptics, antibiotics, and corticosteroids for cerebral edema, and was supported with ventilatory assistance. A resistant Acinetobacter species was identified in surgical cultures, and targeted antibiotic therapy was adjusted accordingly. Despite ongoing seizures and neurological deficits, gradual improvement was observed, particularly in motor function, with physiotherapy and careful weaning from mechanical ventilation. This case highlights the complex management of recurrent PA, emphasizing the importance of timely surgical interventions, individualized seizure control, targeted antimicrobial therapy, and multidisciplinary rehabilitation in improving long-term outcomes for pediatric patients. Follow-up care, including regular neurology and oncology consultations, is crucial for monitoring tumor recurrence and managing complications.
Harnessing CRISPR for the Future: Innovations, Applications, and Challenges in Genome Editing
Authors: Singh Pratik Prasad , Kanth Deepak Ranjan , Bishnoi Sudheer
Published: January 2025

The advent of genome editing has opened up hitherto unimaginable avenues for research into agriculture, treatment of hereditary disorders and other intricate biological processes, revolutionising the fields which are at core of human civilization. CRISPR-based technologies are leading the charge in this transformation due to their facile programmability and exceptional efficiency. The CRISPR system revolutionizes genome editing with unprecedented precision, efficiency, and flexibility. It allows targeted editing of specific DNA sequences, reducing off-target effects. This versatile tool is essential in fields like biotechnology, agriculture, and healthcare. CRISPR's design and implementation are less complex than ZFNs and TALENs, allowing faster and cheaper experimentation. Its potential uses include functional genomics research and agricultural development, transforming fields like environmental research, agriculture, and medicine. The CRISPR system's popularity is on the rise due to new versions and applications. Here in this comprehensive review, we take a look at where CRISPR techniques for gene editing are at the moment, both in terms of research and in general, and we point out the constraints they face as well as the technical advances that have come up to overcome them. In addition, we take a look at the present state of gene editing approaches and summarise them as they pertain to human food security and health aspect. Lastly, we discuss some upcoming changes that may affect gene editing technology and its uses in the years to come.
Effect of Feeding Abamectin 1.9% EC Sprayed Mulberry Leaves on Growth and Survival of Parental Breeds of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L
Authors: G V Shwetha , K S Vinoda , K G Banuprakash , S Gagana Sindhu , K Murali Mohan
Published: January 2025

Chemical residues in mulberry leaves, the sole food source for silkworms, can adversely affect silkworm health and silk production. This study evaluated the safety and impact of abamectin 1.9 % EC a novel insecticide and acaricide, sprayed on mulberry foliage for thrips and mites management. Leaves harvested at 15 and 20 days after spraying were fed to silkworms and their growth, survival and cocoon quality were assessed. Results revealed no larval mortality, shortest larval duration (24.08 days), highest larval weight (31.54 g/10 larvae) and maximum cocoon weight (1.59 g) when silkworms were fed with leaves harvested 20 days post-spray. These findings confirm the safety of abamectin 1.9 % EC for silkworm rearing with a 20-day waiting period, providing practical guidance for integrating pest management into sustainable sericulture practices.
Assessing the Efficacy of Pesticide in Enhancing Growth and Yield of Bottle Gourd
Authors: Gupta Arunakshi , Kumar Vipin , Kumar Arvind , Dixit Rekha , Gupta Sneha
Published: January 2025

Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), an important vegetable cultivated globally, is prized for its nutritional benefits. This study investigates the effects of varying concentrations of the pesticide imidacloprid on the growth, yield, and pest infestation levels in bottle gourd during the Zaid season of 2023 at the Horticulture Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, U.P., India. A randomized block design was employed with three treatment levels of imidacloprid (0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.06%) compared to a control group with no pesticide application. Key growth parameters, including vine length, internode length, number of nodes and leaves, fruit attributes, yield, and pest damage, were recorded. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in most traits, with the highest imidacloprid concentration resulting in the best growth and yield performance while significantly reducing pest infestation levels. The study underscores the necessity of integrated pest management strategies to optimize bottle gourd production while minimizing the negative environmental impacts associated with pesticide use. These findings provide valuable insights for farmers and policy makers aiming to enhance agricultural productivity sustainably.
Effect of Various Levels, Sources of Zn and Zn Solubilizing Bacteria on Zinc Transformation in Calcareous Soil
Authors: Malathi P. , Babu Bimal Glory , Sellamuthu K.M.
Published: January 2025

Intensive cultivation with high yielding varieties and imbalanced fertilization using high analysis fertilizers resulted in increasing micronutrient deficiencies in soil. Zinc is one among the micronutrients essential for the growth and development of crops. Application of inorganic zinc fertilizers to mitigate Zn deficiency is relatively ineffective since it gets converted into unavailable forms. To study the Zn transformation in calcareous soil as influenced by various levels, sources of Zn and Zn solubilizing bacteria, an incubation experiment was carried out. Distribution of Zn fractions in the soil at harvest stage followed the order water soluble plus exchangeable (WS-Ex) < organically bound < carbonate bound < Fe-Mn oxide bound < residual Zn. Plant available forms of Zn viz., water soluble and exchangeable and organically bound Zn were significantly affected by the sources, levels of Zn and Zinc Solublising Bacteria (ZSB) application. Application of ZnSO4 at 7.5 kg Zn ha-1 along with ZSB registered high WS-Ex. and Org. Zn. Lower carbonate bound Zn fraction was observed with ZSB application when compared to the treatments without ZSB application. Fe-Mn oxide bound fraction of Zn was also significantly influenced by the sources, levels of Zn and ZSB application. Sources of Zn and ZSB application did not have significant influence on residual and total Zn. With increasing levels of Zn significant increase in all the Zn fractions and total Zn were observed and the highest value being recorded with 7.5 kg Zn ha-1.
Rare Case of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Presenting as Subcutaneous Swelling and Nodular Pleural Thickening: A Case Report
Authors: Rajput Shiv Gaurav , Gupta Shubhangi , Vakamudi Udaya Bhaskarini , Sreedhar Calicut Muthukrishnan
Published: January 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health concern and can affect various organs, including the pleura1 . Pleural involvement in TB often presents as pleural effusion and smooth pleural thickening 2. We present a case of a 12-year-old male who presented with complaints of fever, weight loss and painful subcutaneous swelling below the lower left 9th rib. Ultrasound screening was done to evaluate the painful soft tissue lesion in the lower left antero-lateral chest wall, findings revealed a collection with necrotic areas within on the left side along with minimal right sided pleural effusion. HRCT Chest Imaging revealed nodular right pleural thickening with minimal right pleural effusion along with other findings as seen on the left side on USG. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculous pleural thickening based on cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) examination of the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) guided pleural fluid aspiration and analysis. The case highlights the importance of considering TB as a potential etiology for nodular pleural thickening, even in a young patient, particularly in high TB burden regions.
Scalable IoT-based Smart Plant Monitoring and Control System for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Foysal Farhan Masud , Mondal Shuvra , Riyad Tarifuzzaman , Sikder Shahin , Hasan Jahid , Amir Md. Asif , Mishu Suborna Sharmin , Rahman Md Sayedur
Published: January 2025

Smart Plant Monitoring and Controlling Systems offer transformative potential for modern agriculture through IoT integration, real-time monitoring, and automation. This research presents a cost-effective system capable of tracking soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and pH levels, alongside visual plant health detection using an ESP32 Camera module. Automated control of water pumps and sprayers ensures efficient irrigation and nutrient delivery based on predefined thresholds, while a user-friendly Blynk IoT platform enables remote management and monitoring. Energy-efficient design and scalability make the system suitable for diverse agricultural applications, from small-scale farming to large operations. Detailed cost analysis confirms its affordability, enhancing accessibility for resource-constrained farmers. This system addresses critical challenges like water conservation and crop health management, promoting sustainable and precision agricultural practices, and offering a scalable solution for global agricultural advancements.
Knowledge Levels of Rice Farmers Regarding Mechanization: An Item-Wise Analysis in the North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Asha T. , Sailaja V. , Lakshmi T. , Jyothi K. Navya
Published: January 2025

The present investigation aimed to study the knowledge level of rice farmers regarding various farm machinery and implements used in rice cultivation in the North Coastal Zone of Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted in Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts, purposively selected based on their large areas under rice cultivation. The study covered six mandals: Jalumuru, Nandigam, and Santhabommali from Srikakulam, and Bobbili, Gantyada, and Santhakaviti from Vizianagaram. Data were collected from 120 respondents using a pre-tested interview schedule. Statistical methods such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages were employed for analysis. The data collection focused on understanding the farmers' knowledge of different farm machinery and implements used in rice cultivation. The knowledge levels of the respondents were categorized into three groups: low, medium, and high using mean and standard deviation. An item-wise response analysis was carried out to assess the detailed knowledge on mechanization. The findings revealed that more than half (60.00%) of the respondents had a medium level of knowledge, while 20.83% had a high level, and 19.17% had a low level of knowledge on various machinery and implements. The respondents showed high knowledge about tools like the puddler, mould board plough, rotavator, harrow, combine harvester, and paddy drum seeder. The results imply that there is a need for targeted extension programs to enhance the knowledge of farmers, especially those with medium and low knowledge, regarding advanced farm machinery. Efforts should also focus on improving accessibility to affordable machinery and providing necessary training to facilitate broader adoption, which could lead to increased productivity in rice cultivation.
Antibacterial Effects of Negro Pepper Extract on Meats in Mile 1 Market, Port- Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: G Amaechi , O Oridikitorusinyaa. , O. O. Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

The increasing concern over the safety and quality of meat products has led to a search for effective natural preservatives, especially in regions where refrigeration is limited. Natural alternatives to synthetic preservatives are essential to mitigate the risks of microbial contamination and spoilage. Negro pepper (Xylopia aethiopica), a plant used in traditional medicine and cooking, is gaining attention for its antimicrobial properties due to its diverse phytochemical profile. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness, sensory qualities, and shelf-life extension potential of Negro pepper extract as a natural preservative for meats sold in Mile 1 Market, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.Meat samples were treated with varying concentrations of Negro pepper extract (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/mL), sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, or left untreated as controls. Antibacterial activity was tested against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella spp., Bacillus spp., Campylobacter jejuni, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the agar well diffusion method, with ethanol as a control. Sensory qualities (taste, aroma, color, and texture) were evaluated by a panel of 20 participants. For shelf-life assessment, microbial load was measured at intervals over 14 days at 4°C. ANOVA confirmed significant differences among treatments. Results indicated that Negro pepper extract possesses potent antibacterial properties, enhances sensory qualities, and significantly extends meat shelf life, highlighting its potential as an affordable, natural preservative for local markets.
Precision N‐glycoproteomics reveals elevated LacdiNAc as a novel signature of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Li Jun , Zhao Ting , Li Jing , Shen Jiechen , Jia Li , Zhu Bojing , Dang Liuyi , Ma Chen , Liu Didi , Mu Fan , Hu Liangshuo , Sun Shisheng
Published: December 2021

Primary liver cancer, mainly comprising hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), remains a major global health problem. Although ICC is clinically different from HCC, their molecular differences are still largely unclear. In this study, precision N‐glycoproteomic analysis was performed on both ICC and HCC tumors as well as paracancer tissues to investigate their aberrant site‐specific N‐glycosylation. By using our newly developed glycoproteomic methods and novel algorithm, termed ‘StrucGP’, a total of 486 N‐glycan structures attached on 1235 glycosites were identified from 894 glycoproteins in ICC and HCC tumors. Notably, glycans with uncommon LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ1‐4GlcNAc) structures were distinguished from their isomeric glycans. In addition to several bi‐antennary and/or bisecting glycans that were commonly elevated in ICC and HCC, a number of LacdiNAc‐containing, tri‐antennary, and core‐fucosylated glycans were uniquely increased in ICC. More interestingly, almost all LacdiNAc‐containing N‐glycopeptides were enhanced in ICC tumor but not in HCC tumor, and this phenomenon was further confirmed by lectin histochemistry and the high expression of β1‐4 GalNAc transferases in ICC at both mRNA and protein expression levels. The novel N‐glycan alterations uniquely detected in ICC provide a valuable resource for future studies regarding to the discovery of ICC diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and mechanism investigations.
van der Waals Doping and Room Temperature Resonant Tunneling Observed in Black Phosphorus/Germanium Sulfide Transistors
Authors: Alhazmi Abrar , Alolaiyan Olaiyan , Alharbi Majed , Alghamdi Saeed , Alsulami Awsaf , Alamri Faisal , Albawardi Shahad , Aljalham Ghadeer , Alsaggaf Sarah , Alhamdan Khalid , Amer Moh. R.
Published: December 2021

van der Waals semiconductors have proven to be exceptional for electronic and photonic applications. Although most research is extensively focused on some transition metal dichalcogenides materials (MX2) such as MoS2, WS2, WSe2, and MoSe2, studies on 2D metal monochalcogenides such as germanium sulfide (GeS) has been widely under investigated, mainly due to the high contact resistance GeS devices exhibit. Here, a van der Waals field‐effect transistor (VdW‐FET) based on GeS is investigated and resonant tunneling behavior is shown at room temperature due to VdW doping via black phosphorus (BP), evident by the observation of multiple decades of negative differential resistance (NDR) during doping transient state. These NDR decades are caused by confinement of carriers inside the double barrier quantum well, which allows tunneling to occur for discrete energy levels. Moreover, a noticeable conductivity switch from a low p‐type to a high n‐type is observed, with a conductivity enhancement of 2 orders of magnitude compared to pristine GeS devices. The underlying mechanism behind the observed NDR and the conductivity switch is discussed and it is shown that these phenomena are likely caused by phosphorus doping due to BP sublimation, evident by the detected P‐Ge Raman peak in the measured Raman spectra. The results can open doors for electrical oscillators and switching devices for the next generation of nanoelectronics.
Substrate Viscoelasticity Amplifies Distinctions between Transient and Persistent LPS‐Induced Signals
Authors: Zhou Yu‐Wei , Wu Yu
Published: December 2021

Macrophages settle in heterogeneous microenvironments rendered by other cells and extracellular matrices. It is well known that chemical stimuli direct macrophage behavior; however, the contributions of viscosity, which increases in inflammatory tissues but not in tumors, are ignored in immune responses including effective activation and timely attenuation. This paper demonstrates that transient lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐treated macrophages benefit from elastic substrates, whereas viscoelastic substrates with similar storage moduli support the inflammatory responses of macrophages under persistent stimulations and consequently amplify the distinctions between the transient and persistent LPS‐induced transcriptional programs. Actin filaments (F‐actin) fluctuate in line with transcriptional profiles and can be mathematically predicted by a clutch‐like model. Moreover, viscosity modifies immune responses through transcription factors NF‐κB and C/EBPδ, which act as switches discriminating transient and persistent infections. Interestingly, enhanced immune responses, consistent with the lower activated states, are attenuated promptly by the actin nucleation‐related translocation of ATF3 to nuclei. These findings suggest that the substrate viscoelasticity induces more intense inflammation only in the case of persistent infection and promotes more sensitively perceiving the duration of infection through the F‐actin correlated transcription factors. In addition, it may facilitate the cognition of immune response in inflammatory and cancerous microenvironments and have a wide range of applications in inflammatory regulations.
Tumor‐Microenvironment‐Activatable Polymer Nano‐Immunomodulator for Precision Cancer Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Liu Jing , He Shasha , Luo Yingli , Zhang Yue , Du Xiaojiao , Xu Cheng , Pu Kanyi , Wang Jun
Published: December 2021

Cancer nanomedicine combined with immunotherapy has become a promising strategy for treating cancer in terms of safety and potency; however, precise regulation of the activation of antitumor immunity remains challenging. Herein, a smart semiconducting polymer nano‐immunomodulator (SPNI), which responds to the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), for precision photodynamic immunotherapy of cancer, is reported. The SPNI is self‐assembled by a near‐infrared (NIR)‐absorbing semiconducting polymer and an amphipathic polymer conjugated with a Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist via an acid‐labile linker. Upon arrival at tumor site, SPNI undergoes hydrolysis and triggers an efficient liberation of TLR7 agonist in response to the acidic TME for dendritic cell activation. Moreover, SPNI exerts photodynamic effects for direct tumor eradication and immunogenic cancer cell death under NIR photoirradiation. The synergistic action of released immunogenic factors and acidic‐TME‐activated TLR7 agonist can serve as an in situ generated cancer vaccine to evoke strong antitumor activities. Notably, such localized immune activation boosts systemic antitumor immune responses, resulting in enhanced cytotoxic CD8+ T infiltration to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Thereby, this work presents a general strategy to devise prodrug of immunotherapeutics for precise regulation of cancer immunotherapy.
Tough, Transparent, 3D‐Printable, and Self‐Healing Poly(ethylene glycol)‐Gel (PEGgel)
Authors: Wang Zhenwu , Cui Haijun , Liu Modan , Grage Stephan L. , Hoffmann Maxi , Sedghamiz Elaheh , Wenzel Wolfgang , Levkin Pavel A.
Published: December 2021

Polymer gels, such as hydrogels, have been widely used in biomedical applications, flexible electronics, and soft machines. Polymer network design and its contribution to the performance of gels has been extensively studied. In this study, the critical influence of the solvent nature on the mechanical properties and performance of soft polymer gels is demonstrated. A polymer gel platform based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as solvent is reported (PEGgel). Compared to the corresponding hydrogel or ethylene glycol gel, the PEGgel with physically cross‐linked poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐co‐acrylic acid) demonstrates high stretchability and toughness, rapid self‐healing, and long‐term stability. Depending on the molecular weight and fraction of PEG, the tensile strength of the PEGgels varies from 0.22 to 41.3 MPa, fracture strain from 12% to 4336%, modulus from 0.08 to 352 MPa, and toughness from 2.89 to 56.23 MJ m–3. Finally, rapid self‐healing of the PEGgel is demonstrated and a self‐healing pneumatic actuator is fabricated by 3D‐printing. The enhanced mechanical properties of the PEGgel system may be extended to other polymer networks (both chemically and physically cross‐linked). Such a simple 3D‐printable, self‐healing, and tough soft material holds promise for broad applications in wearable electronics, soft actuators and robotics.
Critical Review on Low‐Temperature Li‐Ion/Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhang Nan , Deng Tao , Zhang Shuoqing , Wang Changhong , Chen Lixin , Wang Chunsheng , Fan Xiulin
Published: December 2021

With the highest energy density ever among all sorts of commercialized rechargeable batteries, Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) have stimulated an upsurge utilization in 3C devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy‐storage systems. However, a high performance of commercial LIBs based on ethylene carbonate electrolytes and graphite anodes can only be achieved at above −20 °C, which restricts their applications in harsh environments. Here, a comprehensive research progress and in‐depth understanding of the critical factors leading to the poor low‐temperature performance of LIBs is provided; the distinctive challenges on the anodes, electrolytes, cathodes, and electrolyte–electrodes interphases are sorted out, with a special focus on Li‐ion transport mechanism therein. Finally, promising strategies and solutions for improving low‐temperature performance are highlighted to maximize the working‐temperature range of the next‐generation high‐energy Li‐ion/metal batteries.
Mediating Colloidal Quantum Dot/Organic Semiconductor Interfaces for Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Byeongsu , Baek Se‐Woong , Kim Changjo , Kim Junho , Lee Jung‐Yong
Published: December 2021

Emerging semiconducting materials including colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) and organic molecules have unique photovoltaic properties, and their hybridization can result in synergistic effects for high performance. For realizing the full potential of CQD/organic hybrid devices, controlling interfacial properties between the CQD and organic matter is crucial. Here, the electronic band between the CQD and the polymer layers is carefully modulated by inserting an interfacial layer treated with several types of ligands. The interfacial layer provides a cascading conduction band offset (ΔEC), and reduces local charge accumulation at CQD/polymer interfaces, thereby suppressing bimolecular recombination; a thin thiol‐treated interfacial layer (≈6 nm) decreases shallow traps, resulting in higher short‐circuit current (JSC) and fill factor of hybrid solar cells. Based on these results, a high performance CQD/polymer hybrid solar cell is introduced that demonstrates a power conversion efficiency of 13.74% under AM 1.5 solar illumination. The hybrid device retains more than 90% of its initial performance after 402 days under ambient conditions.
Understanding the Limitations of Charge Transporting Layers in Mixed Lead–Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Kaicheng , Forberich Karen , Lüer Larry , Cerrillo José Garcia , Meng Wei , Du Xiaoyan , Le Corre Vincent M. , Zhao Yicheng , Niu Tianqi , Xue Qifan , Koster L. Jan Anton , Li Ning , Brabec Christoph J.
Published: December 2021

Lead–tin (Pb/Sn) mixed perovskites are considered as promising photovoltaic materials owing to their adjustable bandgap and excellent optoelectronic properties. The low‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on lead–tin mixed perovskites play a critical role in the overall performance of perovskite‐based tandem devices. Nevertheless, the current record efficiencies for Pb/Sn PSCs are mostly reported in devices with p–i–n configuration rather than n–i–p, which restricts the further development of conventional perovskite‐based tandem solar cells. Herein, this work systematically investigates the influence of the interlayers on the performance of low‐bandgap PSCs by analyzing the energy losses in both n–i–p and p–i–n devices. Quasi‐Fermi level splitting (QFLS) analysis of pristine films and films covering charge extraction layers reveals that the electron transport layer/perovskite interface is dominating the VOC losses. A joint experimental–simulative approach quantitatively determines the interface defect density to be more than one order in magnitude larger for the n–i–p architecture. Among the polymeric hole transport layers investigated for n–i–p devices, poly(3‐hexylthiophen‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT) exhibits the most favorable energy‐level alignment to Pb/Sn perovskites. These results clarify the nature of VOC losses in Pb/Sn perovskites and highlight the necessity to develop electron extraction layers with a significantly reduced interface defect density.