bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yoga
Authors: Gulati Kankan , Bhargav Praerna H. , Abraham Shalu Elizabeth , Bhargav Hemant
Published: August 2020

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder, manifests as impairment in social communication an interaction with restrictive and repetitive patterns of behaviour. Yoga therapy, a mind-body intervention, employs a multi-dimensional approach to reduce psychological distress and bring balance and harmony at the levels of body, breath and mind through physical postures, breathing practices, chanting, and relaxation techniques, respectively, thus enhancing overall well-being. Various yoga studies have shown promise in improving symptoms of ASD by improvement in sensory processing, gross motor skills, balance and coordination, cognition, imitation skills, and the ability to connect in relationships. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the potential role of Yoga therapy in the management of ASDs with emphasis on future standardized yoga trials with robust methodology and long-term follow-ups to establish the clinical utility of Yoga therapy for the same. Also, a tentative yoga lifestyle module for ASD with necessary contra-indications and practical tips has been provided.
The Role of Critical Theory in the Development of Multicultural Psychology and Counseling
Authors: Chen Joseph C.
Published: August 2020

The discipline of psychology has historically been based upon Western, Eurocentric perspectives on human behavior. Critical theory has played a central role in pushing psychology out from its insularity and perceived objectivity. This chapter examines the role of critical pedagogist Paolo Freire and liberation psychologist Ignacio Martín-Baró in the shaping of a multicultural perspective within psychology that has revolutionized the way that psychologists understand and treat mental health conditions. Freire and Martín-Baró gave voice to the marginalized and disenfranchised and pushed psychologists to engage in their own conscientization of their history and complicitness in perpetuating oppression. Implications of their work are examined in light of their contributions to theoretical underpinnings, clinical diagnosis, and treatment approaches.
Positive Technology for Helping People Cope with Stress
Authors: Villani Daniela , Cipresso Pietro , Gaggioli Andrea , Riva Giuseppe
Published: August 2020

The emerging convergence of new technologies and health care is offering a new approach to support effective interventions. This chapter aims to describe how Positive Technology can help people cope with stress in several contexts. On the one hand, the potential capacity of sensor technologies to offer individuals the technology with which to monitor certain biological signals known to be associated with stress might serve to promote engagement with a mediated experience for stress management. On the other hand, the chapter focuses on the hedonic and eudaimonic experiences supported by technology in terms of inducing positive affective states and supporting personal growth by teaching strategies to reduce stress and enhance well-being. To further connect mediated experiences with real ones, the Interreality approach (IR) allows for the combination of assessment and intervention as inseparable parts of the general process of coping with stress.
Model Transformation Approach According Model-Driven Architecture From BPMN to UML Up to IFML
Authors: MELOUK El Mustapha , Rhazali Yassine , Hadi Youssef
Published: August 2020

The main key in MDA is the model's transformation. There are two transformation kinds into MDA: CIM to PIM and PIM to PSM. Most researchers focused on transformation from PIM to PSM because there are several points in common between these two levels. But transforming CIM to PIM is rarely discussed in research subjects because they are two different levels. This chapter presents a methodology to master model transformation from CIM to PIM up to PSM respecting MDA. The methodology is founded on creating a good CIM level, through well-chosen rules, to facilitate transformation to the PIM level. However, the authors establish a rich PIM level, respecting the three classic modeling views: functional, dynamic, and static. The method conforms to MDA by considering the business dimension in the CIM level, through BPMN which is the OMG standard for modeling business process. Nevertheless, they used UML models into the PIM level because UML is recommended by MDA in this level. Then, they use IFML the OMG standard for representing web interface model in PSM level.
Role of Machine Learning in Modern Education and Teaching
Authors: Kharb Latika , Singh Prateek
Published: August 2020

Computers are being utilized in field in education for many years. In last few decades, research within the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is positively affecting educational application. Advanced machine learning and deep learning techniques could be used for extracting knowledgeable information from crude information. In this chapter, the authors have analysed the impact of artificial intelligence in the education domain. The authors will discuss how with the development of machine learning techniques in last few decades, machine learning models can anticipate student performance. By learning about every student, models can identify the shortcomings. Then the authors will propose different approaches to improve student performance. Teachers can also use this model to understand student perception levels in a better way so that they can modulate their lectures according to student perception levels.
Searching the Effects of Viral Marketing via Customer-Based Brand Equity on Purchase Intentions
Authors: Abdul-Talib Asmat Nizam , Arshad Sana
Published: August 2020

The internet has presented marketers with diverse methods to interact with their target market, and viral marketing is one of those low-cost methods. The purpose of this study is to explore how viral marketing impacts purchase intentions through customer-based brand equity (CBBE) on the basis of models proposed by Aaker and Keller. Social media is one of the essential indicators that influence customers to purchase intensions. However, brand loyalty, one of the important components of CBBE, is studied in terms of customers' purchase intentions. This study focuses on identifying the role of viral marketing in developing positive brand equity in customers' mindsets. A comparison of previous and present CBBE models are also presented in this study.
Revealing and Ranking Customer Groups From the Perspective of Their Experiences
Authors: Özdağoğlu Güzin
Published: August 2020

Customer segmentation is a process of dividing customers into groups based on particular criteria, often common characteristics, in order to efficiently develop and manage marketing activities. The availability of data in different types and structures generated in digital environments leads to the handling of this process within the scope of data mining. In addition, observing many different dimensions and qualifications in the segmentation process provides the possibility of sorting among the customer groups, and thus, this process leads to both clustering and multi-criteria decision-making problems. Recent applications in this context analyze customers' profiles and buying behaviors to obtain customer groups and develop scorecards for further use. However, there exist additional data sources reflecting customer experiences about services or products. In this context, this study presents a stepwise and holistic decision framework that includes customer segmentation and ranking of these segments through different dimensions that reflect customer experiences.
Project Management and Customer Activation
Authors: Janssens Jurgen
Published: August 2020

In a digitally (em)powered age, customers expect a service and product experience in line with continuously evolving expectations. This induces great potential for organisations that shape engagement before, during, or after the main customer touch points. Powered by insights coming from the CRM-driven 360° view, they entail even more value when enabling a company to quickly and continuously learn from its experiences. This chapter will illustrate that project managers need to master a dual dynamic to attain through activated customer engagement. On the one hand, new types of projects, changing expectations, and shifting habits offer humbling challenges. On the other hand, governance, change, and delivery continue to be the foundational baseline. By integrating theoretical insights and real-life cases, the author wants to stimulate project managers. Rather than seeing the digital era as a transformational tsunami for customer engagement, they should see it as an opportunity to go beyond things in a reality where rapidly changing demand entails growth, learning, and great value.
Personal Income Taxation and Its Effects on Economic Development and Growth
Authors: Nikolova Bistra Svetlozarova
Published: August 2020

This chapter reviews traditional and contemporary concepts of income taxation and their effects on economic development and growth. The author focuses on discussion issues related to the contemporary concepts of income taxation. The author also considers modern functions of personal income taxes relating to environmental protection and income inequality mitigation. Additionally, the author studies the potential of personal income taxation to apply as an instrument for maintaining sustainable economic development and social stability. This chapter analyzes the effects of progressive and proportional personal income taxation on economic development and growth. It presents a technological model of inspections and audits with the aim of improving the tax and social security control of individuals.
Diversity of Monetary Regimes and Reactions to the Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Sahling Cornelia , Nenovsky Nikolay , Chobanov Petar Pandushev
Published: August 2020

This chapter analyses to what extent the type of monetary regime in three Balkans countries (Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia) determines the scope and nature of reactions to the pandemic crisis in the short run (providing liquidity to different sectors) and considers the possibilities for a long-term recovery. A comparative perspective is particularly suitable for the Balkan countries with great institutional diversity of the monetary regimes. In particular, the two members of the EU, Bulgaria and Romania, have been following different principles of monetary regimes for decades (Currency Board versus discretionary Monetary Policy). Both Bulgaria and Romania follow closely the ECB monetary policy. Serbia, which is outside the EU, is not affected by the constraints of European integration and actually has its independent monetary policy (although the Euro is also an important external anchor).
Gender Dimension on the Living Conditions of Poor Household Heads in Sefene-Selam Sub-City, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Authors: Wondim Yetimwork Anteneh
Published: August 2020

Men and women in general, male house heads and female house heads in particular experience poverty in different ways and use different mechanisms to overcome it. This is mainly because of the different roles they play in their community, which exposes them to different constraints, opportunities, and needs. Therefore, men and women experience poverty differently. Therefore, the very purpose of this study was to assess the gender dimension in the living condition of poor female and male-headed households in Sefen-Selam Sub-city, Bahir Dar. To meet these objectives, the study used a Sequential Explanatory Mixed Method design. Survey questionnaires and Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. Descriptive and thematic analysis was used for quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The analysis of the study was based on 175 households, of which 129 were female-headed and 46 male-headed households. Accordingly, the monetary and non-monetary poverty indicators pointed out the poor living condition of the study population in general. Nevertheless, problems were found to be more severe among households headed by women. Therefore, the national, regional, and local poverty reduction programs and strategies should give special attention to the poor in general and the female-headed families in particular for its success.
MORADIA COMO FUNÇÃO PÚBLICA DE INTERESSE COMUM: REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DA REALIDADE METROPOLITANA DE CURITIBA
Authors: Vaccari Lorreine Santos , Silva Madianita Nunes da
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão a respeito da moradia como função pública de interesse comum (FPIC), e toma como referência a relação entre produção da moradia e metropolização em Curitiba. Considerando a moradia em seu sentido ampliado, ou seja, não restrito à habitação, mas como direito humano fundamental que garante o acesso aos meios para uma sobrevivência digna, o objetivo do trabalho é contribuir com a discussão e o desafio de incorporar tal questão ao planejamento metropolitano, tendo como princípio a universalização do acesso à cidade urbanizada e, consequentemente, do direito à metrópole. Na primeira parte do artigo reflete-se acerca da relação entre metropolização, moradia e desigualdades nas metrópoles brasileiras. Em seguida apresentam-se as características da relação entre o processo de produção dos espaços de moradia popular e da metrópole de Curitiba. Na terceira parte aprofunda-se o significado das FPICs, incorporadas ao federalismo brasileiro pela Constituição Federal de 1988 e ao planejamento metropolitano pela Lei Federal nº 13.089/2015 - Estatuto da Metrópole, à luz do processo de produção da moradia popular na metrópole de Curitiba. Por fim, a partir do caso de Curitiba, defende-se que a moradia compõe questão integradora das demais FPICs, e que a incorporação dessa compreensão constitui um dos principais desafios ao planejamento dessas aglomerações urbanas no Brasil.
Anisotropy of Lower Critical Field in Organic Layered Superconductor λ-(BETS)2GaCl4
Authors: Sari Dita Puspita , Rui Naito , Hiraki Koichi , Nakano Takehito , Hagiwara Masayuki , Nozue Yasuo , Kusakawa Takumi , Hori Akiko , Watanabe Isao , Ishii Yasuyuki
Published: August 2020

The lower critical field of type-II organic layered superconductor l-(BETS)2GaCl4 has been estimated by magnetic measurements. The demagnetization factor of a needle-like sample shape has been taken into account for the measurements by applying the external field, parallel and perpendicular to the conducting plane. The lower critical field for the field parallel to the conducting plane is 5.5(2) G, in contrast with the previous studies. This allows us to discuss the anisotropy of lower critical field Hc1 in a quasi-two-dimensional organic layered superconductor l-(BETS)2GaCl4.
Synthesis of Polydimethylsiloxane and its Monomer from Hydrolysis of Dichlorodimethylsilane
Authors: Setiadji Soni , Sumiyanto Eko , Fitrilawati  , Syakir Norman , Noviyanti Atiek Rostika , Rahayu Iman , Risdiana
Published: August 2020

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a tamponade substance that is used as vitreous humour substitutes in vitreoretinal surgery. PDMS can be obtained from monomers of Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) that was reacted with Hexamethyldisiloxane through polymerization reactions in a base condition. The monomers are very difficult to obtain in Indonesia, therefore another alternative monomer is needed to produce PDMS with specific properties for vitreoretinal surgery. Here, we reported the synthesis of monomer for replacing D4 through hydrolysis process of Dichlorodimethylsilane (DCMS). Furthermore, the synthesized monomer was used to produce PDMS. The process of DCMS hydrolysis assisted by KOH 0.5 M along 18 hours in reflux system. The synthesized monomer has viscosity of 171 mPas, refractive index of 1.4005 and surface tension of 17 mN/m. PDMS was produced using synthesized monomer by ring-opening polymerization. It is found that the properties of PDMS are very similar with that of commercial PDMS of 5500 cSt.
Basis Set Effects in Density Functional Theory Calculation of Muoniated Cytosine Nucleobase
Authors: Zaharim Wan Nurfadhilah , Sulaiman Shukri , Mohd Tajudin Saidah Sakinah , Abu Bakar Siti Nuramira , Ismail Nur Eliana , Rozak Harison , Watanabe Isao
Published: August 2020

The Density Functional Theory method was employed to investigate the electronic structure and muonium hyperfine interaction of muonium trapped near carbon atom labelled as '5' in cytosine nucleobase. Eighteen different basis sets in combination with B3LYP functional were examined in geometry optimization calculations on the muoniated radical. There are significant quantitative differences in the calculated total energy. The employment of basis set that does not include polarization function produces an optimized structure with high total energy. The 6-311++G(d,p) basis set yielded the lowest total energy as compared to other basis sets. The bond order of muonium trapped at C5 atom is in the range of 0.841 to 0.862. The 6-31G basis set produced the muonium Fermi contact coupling constant that is the closest to the experimental value.
Feasibility of Ceria Nanocrystal Adsorbent for Amoxicillin Removal from Water
Authors: Nurhasanah Iis , Kadarisman  , Gunawan Vincensius , Sutanto Heri
Published: August 2020

This study explored adsorptive property of ceria nanocrystal as an adsorbent for amoxicillin removal from water. Ceria nanocrystal was synthesized by employing precipitation method and characterized by using XRD and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. The adsorption experiment was performed by managing amoxicillin in natural condition. Then, parameters in the adsorption experiment, such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature and initial concentration of amoxicillin are varied. The XRD pattern illustrated that the average crystallite size of ceria nanocrystal formation was 13.08 nm. N2 adsorption-desorption analysis showed that ceria nanocrystal was mesoporous with specific surface area of ​​65.26 m2/g. The amoxicillin adsorption of ceria nanocrystal adsorbent was described by Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 37.17 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic of ceria nanocrystal corresponded to the pseudo-second order model. Removal efficiency of amoxicillin by ceria nanocrystal was approximately 80% within 60 minutes over temperature range 303-323K. Those parameter results are described that ceria nanocrystal adsorbent is feasible as a rapid amoxicillin removal from water.
The Effect of Fermentation Process on Physical Properties of Organic Material from Domestic Food Waste
Authors: Andriani Yuli , Lili Walim , Zidni Irfan , Wiyatna Muhammad Fatah , Risdiana
Published: August 2020

Organic material produced from domestic food waste can be functionalized as useful product such as fish feed by fermentation process. The fermentation process changed several properties such as nutrition content and particle size. Here, we reported the effect of fermentation process on physical properties of organic material from domestic food waste. In this study, fermented product will be conducted to become fish feed. The fermentation was performed by using commercial probiotic BIOM-S with various levels of probiotic from 0 to 10% using solid substrate fermentation method. The physical properties including nutritional content, particle size, distance between particles, and functional group of fermented organic material from domestic food waste were investigated. After fermentation, it is found that the best level of probiotic use is 8%, which are crude protein increased from 15.58% to 26.16% and crude fiber content decreased from 4.88% to 3.71%. The average particle sizes and distance between particles of fermented domestic food waste fermented by 8% probiotic were 147.723 µm and 1708.802 µm, respectively, while the functional group did not change after fermentation. The present result indicated that fermentation process effected to improve the quality of organic material from domestic food waste.
The diagnostic and prognostic utility of insulin growth factor of squamous cell carcinoma in oral cavity
Authors: Tiwari Sumit Kumar , Saini Shakuntala , Singhal Pawan , Mathur Ashwin , Sinha Maheep
Published: August 2020

Objective:

The present study was conducted to find the utility of insulin growth factors (IGFs) as diagnostic and prognostic biochemical parameters in patients suffering from squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 360 male and female patients diagnosed with precancerous conditions (PCC) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of Stage I to IV were selected for the present study. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to ascertain their demographic and medical history. After completing the history and physical examination, patients were subjected to routine blood investigations along with determining insulin growth factor (IGF-1, IGFBP-3) levels. The data obtained were then subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 20.0 version.

Results:

The mean values of IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and ratio of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were obtained. The intergroup comparison was done between PCC and all the stages of OSCC for all the IGFs. The result obtained was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The present study concluded that a positive correlation was observed for various insulin growth factors (IGF-1, IGFBP-3; and ratio of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3) between OSCC and PCC such as erythroplakia and oral submucous fibrosis. Thus, the study highlighted the use of IGFs as diagnostic and prognostic parameters in patients suffering from cancerous conditions.
Extension criteria for homogeneous Sobolev spaces of functions of one variable
Authors: Shvartsman Pavel
Published: August 2020

For each

p > 1

and each positive integer

m

, we give intrinsic characterizations of the restriction of the homogeneous Sobolev space

L_{p}^{m}(\mathbb{R})

to an arbitrary closed subset

E

of the real line.

We show that the classical one-dimensional Whitney extension operator is "universal" for the scale of

L_{p}^{m}(\mathbb{R})

spaces in the following sense:

For every

p\in(1,\infty]

, it provides almost optimal

L^m_p

-extensions of functions defined on

E

. The operator norm of this extension operator is bounded by a constant depending only on

m

. This enables us to prove several constructive

L^m_p

-extension criteria expressed in terms of

m

-th order divided differences of functions.
For authors
Authors: Editorial Artiсle
Published: August 2020

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Editorial
Authors: Habarta A. A.
Published: August 2020

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Obtención de vinagre de vino a partir del mucílago y exudado de cacao criollo (Theobroma Cacao L.)
Authors: Vera-Loor José Edwin , Mera-Vélez Sabina Andrea , Morales-Paredes Carlos Augusto , Loor-Vélez Joselyn Dayanari
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo se basa en la obtención de vinagre de vino a partir de los residuos de la fermentación espontánea del cacao, mediante dos procesos microbianos separados; siendo primero una fermentación alcohólica de los azúcares naturales presentes en el mucílago de cacao, en un rango de 10 a 15%, adicionando sacarosa para rectificar el contenido de sólidos solubles para la acción y conversión del género Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, y en segundo lugar, la fermentación oxidativa del alcohol obtenido; para esto se realizó la caracterización química del sustrato, estableciendo las condiciones óptimas para una fermentación acética con ayuda de las bacterias ácido acéticas. Se llevó a cabo un diseño experimental por triplicado a diferentes concentraciones (0,11; 0,16; 0,20) g/L cada una con y sin administración de fuente de nitrógeno, obteniendo en la combinación A1B1 mayor reducción de grados Brix. Se diseñó un biorreactor a escala de laboratorio con inyección de oxígeno (proveniente de una bomba de aire) y temperatura ambiente, empleando una madre de vinagre obtenida a partir de las bacterias nativas del mucílago y exudado de cacao, de esta forma se obtuvo un vinagre de vino de cacao con una composición de 18,8 g de ácido acético/L en un tiempo de 108 horas de fermentación.

Palabras clave: cacao criollo, exudado, mucílago, Theobroma Cacao L., vinagre, vino.
Development of Fire Monitoring and Extinguishing
Robot Using IoT
Authors: prabhu Dr.Ramkumar
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the research project is develope to an autonomous moving and
controlling the vehicle that capable of file extinguishing automatically and access by anywhere in
the world using IoT. This robot is detecting the fire and taking appropriate distinguisher
operation just to protect the human’s life. The robot consist of Flame sensor and Gas sensor that
detects the fire, smoke as well as gas leakage. Whenever it detects the fire it will be extinguishing
fire by sprinkling the water into the fire. The obstacles can be identified by ultrasonic sensors
The video and audio can be accessed anywhere by using the webcam installed on it. We can
control the robot using wifi as well as IoT. The data collected has been sent through the cloud
server and can access the data across the world using IoT.
Doğum Ağrısının Yönetiminde Farmakolojik Olmayan Ebelik Uygulamaları
Authors: KAÇAR Nükhet
Published: August 2020

Doğum, her kadın için özel bir süreçtir. Doğumun fizyolojisinden kaynaklanan ağrı, gebenin doğum sürecini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Doğum ağrısı yönetilebilen bir ağrıdır ve bu ağrının yönetimi; iyi bir ebelik bakımı ile sağlanabilir. Bu yüzden ebeler, ağrı yönetiminde farmakolojik olmayan yöntemleri intrapartum bakıma dahil ederek, doğum ağrısının yönetiminde aktif rol almalıdır. Ebeler, gebenin karar verme sürecine katılmasını sağlayarak; ağrıyla baş etmek için kullanılacak farmakolojik olmayan yöntemleri, kendi otonomisiyle uygulamalıdır. Bu amaçla; ebeler ağrının yönetiminde farmakolojik olmayan yaklaşımları takip etmeli; kanıta dayalı yöntemleri, gebeye özgü bireyselleştirilmiş ebelik bakımıyla uygulamalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı; doğum ağrısının yönetiminde kullanılabilecek farmakolojik olmayan yöntemlerin detaylı incelenmesi ve bu yöntemler ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarının belirlenmesi ile ebelik mesleği başta olmak üzere tüm sağlık profesyonellerine katkı sağlamaktır.
Neke povijesne crtice o potkivanju konja i osnutak Zemaljske potkivačke škole u Zagrebu
Authors: Džaja Petar , Sinković Sonja , Palić Magdalena , Mihalj Josip , Severin Krešimir
Published: August 2020

Prikazan je kratak povijesni prikaz potkivanja konja kroz povijest te njegovo značenje za potkovanu životinju. U radu je prikazan pokušaj i sam osnutak Zemaljske potkivačke škole u Zagrebu 1885. g. te njene lokacije kao i način upravljanja školom, njeni nastavnici i program rada. Prije osnutka škole Hrvati su pohađali nastavu iz ovog „zanata“ u danas susjednim državama. U daljem tekstu prikazani su akti Vlade koji reguliraju rad ove škole kao i novinska izvješća o gradnji zgrada u Savskoj cesti. Iako je škola uzimala mnoge stvari iz starije Potkivačke škole iz Ljubljane (1850.) čiji su pitomci nakon završene škole pregledavali stoku za klanje dok zagrebački đaci Potkivačke škole nikada nisu dobili odobrenje u tom pogledu. Josip Ubl je još 1870. g. napisao knjigu „Kopitoznanstvo i potkivanje.“
Integrando saberes matemáticos a outros campos: contextos e resolução de problemas na formação de alfabetizadoras
Authors: Barbosa Jozeildo Kleberson , Mizukami Maria da Graça Nicoletti
Published: August 2020

O PNAIC busca que todas as crianças sejam plenamente alfabetizadas até os oito anos. Tem-se como objetivo analisar o último encontro do ciclo 2014, dedicado aos saberes matemáticos e outros campos do saber. A investigação é de natureza qualitativa e como metodologia utiliza-se a pesquisa documental e a análise de conteúdo para evidenciar os dados dos documentos do Programa e dos portfólios de cinco professoras que participaram do PNAIC em 2014 no município de Eldorado (SP). Verificamos que o encontro proporcionou às alfabetizadoras perceberem que precisam ter claro porque ensinam e para quem estão ensinando Matemática — sua realidade; serviu para oferecer elementos para que elaborem e aprendam relações, fatos, conceitos e procedimentos matemáticos que sejam úteis tanto para resolver problemas reais, como para desenvolver o raciocínio lógico. As discussões desse encontro foram significativas para qualificar os conhecimentos das professoras, fomentar a mudança e reflexão sobre a prática.
Palavras-chave: Ensino de Matemática. Formação de alfabetizadoras. Saberes matemáticos. PNAIC. Alfabetização matemática.
Preliminary Resource Potential Assessment of Placer Light Rare Earth Elements (LREEs) from mid-Siwalik Sediments of a late Miocene Himalayan Foreland Basin, Pakistan
Authors: Ali Abbas , Jiayongjypan@ecit.cn Pan , Jie Yan , Nabi Ahmad
Published: August 2020

The present study has assessed the preliminary placer LREEs resource potential of mid-Siwalik Group Dhok Pathan Formation from Surghar-Shingar Range of NW Himalayan foreland Fold-and-Thrust-Belt and regarded them as indicative resources only. The analytical results of bulk samples of sandstone did not show any anomalous concentration of REEs. However, the ICP-MS results of heavy minerals laminations (black sands) revealed high concentrations (ppm) of LREEs (La: 975, Ce: 2831, Pr: 193, Nd: 746, Sm: 127, Gd: 98.70). We identified monazite-(Ce) [Ce, La, Nd]PO4 as the primary LREEs-bearing mineral through Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA). The representative quantitative micro-mineral analysis of monazite confirmed promising concentration of Rare Earth Oxides (REOs) maximum (in weight %) - La2O3: 16.20, Ce2O3: 37.82, Pr2O3: 4.77, Nd2O3: 21.72, Sm2O3: 5.23, Gd2O3: 4.88. Considering the thickness, lateral extension and depositional setting of host sediments along-with anomalously high concentrations of LREEs, it has been concluded that these Siwalik sediments host good indicative placer resource potential for low-cost recovery of LREEs.
Assessing the Impact of Builtup Areas on Development of Urban Heat Island in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Shirazi Safdar Ali , Shakrullah Khadija , Wahla Saadia Sultan , Khurshid Mareena
Published: August 2020

The aim of present study is to evaluate and assess the impact of built-up areas on development of the urbanheat island (UHI).The study mainly focused on Lahore, which is one of the mega cities of Pakistan. In terms ofpopulation size, Lahore is the second largest city of Pakistan with 11.13 million inhabitants. The geospatial techniques(Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System) along with statistical applications were applied to find out theLand Cover Land Uses changes and consequent development of builtup areas over the period of 2000 and 2015. Tostudy the UHI, the meteorological data of each 30 minutes for 36 days starting from 30th June 2015 to 4th August 2015were collected through direct on site observation by using digital weather station. The results of UHI were crosschecked by obtaining land surface temperature by using thermal infrared (TIR) band 6 of the Landsat-7 TM. The resultsshow that the LCLU and built environment have direct impact on development of UHI. The areas where there wasmore vegetation cover had less temperature while in urban areas, the temperature was measured higher. Over the periodof 36 days, the average UHI remained 5.5°C and the highest intensity of UHI was observed as 8.3°C thus augmentedresearch rationale. The study suggests establishment of a thick network of automatic weather stations in Lahore togauge the urban heat island intensity and to plant indigenous trees on vacant swaths and develop urban forest tomitigate city’s rising temperature.
Trajectories of Teacher Traits: Professional, Administrative, and Social Roles
Authors: Neupane Nabaraj
Published: August 2020

Teaching in higher education has undergone numerous paradigm shifts from teacher-centred authoritative to learner-centredcritical and culturally responsive/relevant pedagogies. Further, single method-boundedness has been substituted by theintegration of pedagogies via eclecticism in the post-method contexts. Further, virtual learning and paperless classroom,which were not dreamed in the past, has become realistic because of the innovative practices in the domain of informationand communication technology in education in general and the pandemic situation created by COVID19 specifically. Theseshifts have sparked tremendous changes in the teaching field. Based on these presumptions, this article aims to envisageteachers’ multifarious roles to play and tasks to perform. To achieve this aim, I have adopted a document analysis methodthat lies within the typology of the qualitative approach. Moreover, I have found three main categories of teachers’ rolesincluding professional, administrative, and social. These roles present a portrait of wholistic teacher traits inside and outsidethe classroom. The study implies that teachers should be capable of negotiating their roles and tasks based on the contextsthey encounter.
Identifying Justice: The Economic Way Out
Authors: Karki Adity
Published: August 2020

The essay titles as "Identifying Justice: The Economic Way Out" deals with trafficking problem of young girls and women in Nepal. In the essay, an attempt is made to discover the core reason behind the trafficking problem of Nepal. Also, the essay discusses whether the justice provided to victims of trafficking is itself just or not? What are the legal provisions of Nepal that deals with trafficking issues of Nepal? Despite of the legal provisions, why trafficking is still not controlled by the authority? The essay aims to solve these questions. As a result, poor economic circumstances come forward as the root-problem which ultimately brings many other problems in the society. The essay suggests the idea that the victim of trafficking is not only a particular woman or girl but also the entire society. Finally, in the later part of the essay, some alternative way outs are suggested that would help to minimize trafficking problem in Nepal.
Proper Implementation of Laws and Policies: A Definitive Way for Providing Justice
Authors: Bhndaree Roshi
Published: August 2020

The economic influence is the pushing and pulling factor for the commission of the crime of trafficking. The majority of the girls, women and children they have been trafficked in the recent days more in number because of the larger growing sex market. The easy money making, open border and criminalized and organized crime on one hand encourages the pimps and the perpetrators for the commission of the crime and to the other hand the search for the means of livelihood from the victim side contributes to larger extent for the crime. The effective implementation of the laws and plans and policies are the pre-requisites for the economic enhancement of the citizen which ultimately helps to controls the crime rate. The capability enhancement could be the ultimate way for the restoration of the economic standard of the victim to the society and administration of the justice.
The Cabbage We Know as Jurisprudence: A Composition of One Layer upon Another
Authors: Thapa Kamal Raj
Published: August 2020

This article is a narrative on the scope of jurisprudence, its scope and limitations that have to be analyzed in the light of the divisions and classifications that have penetrated the discipline. It relates the genesis of the confusions and complexities observable in jurisprudence, mostly pertaining to its definition and basic elements in which the former, seemingly, has no consensus. Various intellectuals and schools of thoughts have sought to explain the province of jurisprudence from their own confined approaches, including the popular positivists and naturalists whose idea of law is altogether divergent. Moreover, the historical, sociological, realist and economic schools have both solved and added to the complexities. However, the essence of the article is that jurisprudence, both in its scope and understanding, is extremely broad. Scholars and students in particular, need not confine their understanding to what is postulated earlier as to what jurisprudence means, rather are encouraged to comprehend the layers thoroughly and apply the fundamental tool of science, i.e. logic, and urged not to negate the significance of associating legal theory with social phenomena.
Legal Aid System in India and Nepal: An Overview
Authors: Singh T .P. , Vandana Parihar
Published: August 2020

Through this Article, an effort is made to understand the existing legal aid system of concerned countries, i.e. India and Nepal. The Constitution of India and the Interim Constitution of Nepal are the sources of social justice and the aim and objective of this Article is to draw focus on them. Both the countries have changed their domestic law to harmonize with international covenants. The co-relation between human rights and the fundamental rights is necessary to a proper social justice. This article assesses the legal aid system of India and Nepal. Legal Aid Act 1997 of Nepal and Legal Service Authority Act 1987 of  India are functioning in the forefront but the soul lies in the Constitution of the respective countries. The article presents comparative legal view on the systems. Likewise, the article attempts to find out the strength and weakness of the Legal Aid System and solutions to overcome the shortcoming of the system.
The Sisyphus Trap: The Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women on Eliminating Gender Stereotypes in South Asia
Authors: Rathnamalala Hasini
Published: August 2020

One of the main obstructions in the progressive realisation of women’s international human rights is the societal norms on gender. Gender stereotypes affect the lives of women from the day they are born. This paper elucidates on how gender stereotypes have put women in disadvantageous position. The paper also examines the interpretation of gender stereotypes by the Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women in selected South Asian countries. In addition, the Committee’s approach to eliminate gender stereotypes in its respective domains, particularly in its concluding observations on the selected countries and in its General Recommendations are also discussed.
‘Freedom’ and ‘Social Responsibility’ of Social Media: Emerging Issues in the Indian Legal System
Authors: Tewari Deeksha Bajpai , Gautam Upma
Published: August 2020

The paper seeks to highlight the performance of social responsibility as regards the online social sites. The role of social networking sites as a replacement to the erstwhile ‘open access’ platforms of deliberations will also be addressed. This paper also analyses various laws regulating the freedom of speech and expression in this open, wide cyberspace. It advocates the need for redefining the basic concepts of ethics, morality, freedom, liberty, and responsibility, which form the basis of legal framework regulating this large contiguous cyberspace.
Addressing the Issue of Disparity in Organ Transplantation: Pooja Khatri et al. v Government of Nepal
Authors: Khatri Pooja , Thapa Bikash
Published: August 2020

This case comment discusses upon the pronouncement of Supreme Court of Nepal on the issue of kidney trafficking, its significant impact and analysis of the case in relation to organized crime. Similarly, it also deals with the disparity in terms of organ donation, which the Court has positively delved into, by recognizing mother’s clan as close relative, thereby expanding the scope of prospective donors for organ transplantation.
Assessing on Female Criminality: A Case Study of Varanasi District Jail
Authors: Bibha Tripathi Dr.
Published: August 2020

The paper is written with an objective of understanding female criminality with special reference to a case study of Varanasi District jail containing almost eightythree under trial and convicted prisoners. The aim of the paper is to compare the de- facto condition of women prisoners with the de- jure provisions mentioned in U.P. Jail manual. Since the jail manuals are framed in the light of Prison Act, 1894, several suggestions have been given for reformation in jail by making amendments in the provision of Prison Act, 1894 and Model Prison Act, 2003. The paper also attempts to compare the U.P. Jail manual with the provisions of Model Prison Act, 2003with special reference to women prisoners, so that viable suggestions can be made to improve and reform the condition of women prisoners.
The UN System and the Non-Governmental Organisations
Authors: Pathak Pradeep
Published: August 2020

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization formed with aims to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations and to promote social progress, better living standards and human rights respectively. The UN system is the whole network of international organizations, treaties and conventions that are created by the UN; and it includes specialized agencies, funds and programs.1 The UN system works through its main bodies: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, International Court of Justice and the Secretariat. Role of non-governmental organization (NGO) in the UN system is widely discussed in relation of accomplishing the aims of the UN. This article advances the growing role of NGOs in helping the UN to reach its goals through analyzing the space and role of NGOs in the UN system together with the perspectives of their criticism.
Hindu Kush Himalayan Ecosystem as a Common Concern of Humankind: Imperative for Better Regional Jurisprudence
Authors: Poddar Debasis
Published: August 2020

Hindu Kush Himalayan region (hereafter the HKH) - with 3500 odd kilometres stretched in eight countries- is default resource generation hub for about one-fifth population of the world. The ecosystem-growing delicate these days- seems to play a critical role for the survival of flora and fauna along with the maintenance of all its life-sustaining mountain glaciers. Ten major rivers to carry forward hitherto sustainable development of these peoples fall into question now. Further, in the wake of global climate change today, the delicate HKH ecosystem becomes increasingly fragile to unfold manifold consequences and thereby take its toll on the population. And the same might turn apocalyptic in its magnanimity of irreversibledamage. Like time-bomb, thus, climate ticks to get blown off. As it is getting already too delayed for timely resort to safeguards, if still not taken care of in time, lawmakers ought to find the aftermath too late to lament for. Besides being conscious for climate discipline across the world, collective efforts on the part of all regional states together are imperative to minimize the damage. Therefore, each one has put hands together to be saved from the doomsday that appears to stand ahead to accelerate a catastrophicend, in the given speed of global climate change. As the largest Himalayan state and its central positioning at the top of the HKH, Nepal has had potential to play a criticalrole to engage regional climate change regime and thereby spearhead climate diplomacy worldwide to play regional capital of the HKH ecosystem. As regional superpower, India has had potential to usurp leadership avatar to this end. With reasoningof his own, the author pleads for better jurisprudence to attain regional environmental integrity inter se- rather than regional environmental integration alone- to defendthe vulnerable HKH ecosystem since the same constitutes common concern of humankind and much more so for themselves. Hence, to quote from Shakespeare, “To be or not to be, that is the question” is reasonable here. While states are engaged in the spree to cause mutually agreed destruction, global climate change- with deadly aftermath- poses the last and final unifier for them to turn United Nations in rhetoric sense o f the term.
Round Tripping and Treaty Shopping: Controversies in Bilateral Agreements & Remedies Forward - The Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA) between Mauritius and India and the Dilemma Forward
Authors: Gunputh Rajendra Parsad , Jha Anupam , Pudaruth Sameerchand
Published: August 2020

In a contextualized approach, the authors have revisited the DTAA 1 between Mauritius and India to reflect to what extent RoundTripping and Treaty Shopping have an impact in the bilateral agreement between India and Mauritius. The DTAA between India and Mauritius2was signed in August 1982, and the spirit of the bilateral agreement and the negotiations, which were carried out afterwards successively, were to provide exemptions from shareholders as who have already been taxed in Mauritius should not be taxed further. However, exemptions from capital gains tax in Mauritius would also mean that tax evasion soon becomes the center of recent negotiations between the two countries with serious concerns over tax abuses, round tripping and treaty shopping. Nevertheless, although Mauritius is considered a tax haven, there are still very strong ties betweenthe two countries both historically and financially with mutual economic and financial support in a win-win situation. Indeed, Mauritius contributes to nearly 34% of total Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flow into India becoming one of the largest contributors of FDI into India, competing directly with other countries like Singapore. However, it was felt by the Indian Government that there are strong abuses against tax evasion in Mauritius in addition to black money and money-laundering, and consequently India had to tread in deep waters to amend its DTAA to prevent round tripping and consequently treaty shopping.
Judicial Activism in Regulating ‘Human Rights Violations’ by Police Authorities in India
Authors: Sandeepa Bhat B.
Published: August 2020

The human right violations in police’s actions (or inaction) are in the headlines, quite often in India. The fundamental freedoms guaranteedunder the Indian Constitution are often ignored during the course of such police actions, which the Judiciary in India has tried to regulate in many cases. The Supreme Court of India has laid down norms for many areas including custodial death, inhuman treatment in prisons, continued detentions in the prison after the completion of a term of imprisonment, fake encounters, unwarranted breach of the right to privacy of individuals and registering of fraudulent cases. Despite the continued efforts of the Indian Judiciary, the incidents of human right violations by the police have not abated due to two main reasons: a) the strong political influence of the police and b) theignorance of the public, who still fear the police more than anyone else. This paper addresses the topic at hand in three parts. In the first part, the paper analyses the trendsetting judicial verdicts against the violation of human rights by police in India, especially in light of the Constitutional provisions. The second part addresses the problems that are still faced despite the judicial activism in the field and elaborates on the reasons for the continuation of problems. The final part of the paper addresses thesteps that can be taken for strengthening the police reforms to prevent human right violations. It also looks into the need for necessary responses from other stakeholders in the field.