bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insectivorous bat activity dataset across different land-use types in the Islands of São Tomé and Príncipe, Central West Africa
Authors: Palmeirim Ana Filipa , Araújo-Fernandes Ana Catarina , Castro-Fernandes Ana Sofia , Guedes Patricia , Cassari José , Mata Vanessa A. , Yoh Natalie , Rocha Ricardo , Martínez-Arribas Javier , Alves-Martins Fernanda
Published: September 2024

São Tomé and Príncipe oceanic islands, in Central West Africa, are characterised by exceptional levels of endemism. Since human colonisation in the mid-15th century, São Tomé and Príncipe have lost 74% and 67% of their native habitat, respectively. Today, these islands are mainly covered by remaining old-growth forests, secondary regrowth forests, shaded plantations (mostly of cocoa), oil palm plantations (in the case of São Tomé), small-scale agricultural areas and urban areas. Yet, little is known about how species on these islands are coping with land-use changes. Island ecosystems are particularly important for bats, with about 25% of the world’s bat species being entirely restricted to island systems. São Tomé and Príncipe Islands comprise six and four native insectivorous bats, respectively. Two species, Chaerephon tomensis and Macronycteris thomensis, are island-endemics in São Tomé; Pseudoromicia principis is an island-endemic in Príncipe; and Miniopterus newtoni is endemic from both São Tomé and Príncipe. Here, we present a dataset comprising a comprehensive compilation of occurrence records derived from acoustic sampling of insectivorous bats across the predominant land-use types of both the São Tomé and Príncipe Islands. In each sampling site, standardised surveys consisted of deploying one Audio Moth device that recorded for 1 minute every 5 minutes over a 48-hour period. We identified a total of 19,437 bat-passes across the 115 sites surveyed in São Tomé Island and 17,837 bat-passes across the 50 sites surveyed in Príncipe Island.

Based on a sampling effort of 1,584 hours of recordings manually processed to identify all the contained bat passes, this dataset, publicly available on GBIF, provides comprehensive information on the activity of insectivorous bats across two endemic-rich oceanic islands in the Gulf of Guinea. For each bat pass identified, we report the identified species, geographic coordinates, land-use type, altitude, date and time. This is the first public dataset providing detailed information on species-level habitat use for insectivorous bats on oceanic islands in Africa.
Catalyst for Change: Evaluating the Effects of the Citizen Nurse Education
Authors: Clark Kathleen M. , Nelson Amy K. , Martin Katherine , Ullery Michelle , Eschenbacher Elaine
Published: September 2024

Background:

The purpose of this qualitative study was to evaluate the effects of curricular changes made to foster graduate students' understanding of how they can be catalysts of change. For more than a decade, the concept of the citizen nurse has been woven into coursework in nursing education, thus indicating an evaluation process was needed.

Method:

Ten oral history interviews were completed with current students or alumni. Data were analyzed for codes, allowing the final themes to emerge.

Results:

Two main themes emerged. Students reported (1) having a new understanding of what it means to be a nurse and (2) feeling more prepared to take action.

Conclusion:

Students felt more prepared to lead change as the result of curricular changes that supported their ongoing education.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(9):626–629.]
Global well-posedness and scattering of the four dimensional cubic focusing nonlinear Schrödinger system
Authors: Chang Yonghang , Liao Menglan
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the Cauchy problem for a class of coupled system of the four-dimensional cubic focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equations was investigated. By exploiting the double Duhamel method and the long-time Strichartz estimate, the global well-posedness and scattering were proven for the system below the ground state. In our proof, we first established the variational characterization of the ground state, and obtained the threshold of the global well-posedness and scattering. Second, we showed that the non-scattering is equivalent to the existence of an almost periodic solution by following the concentration-compactness/rigidity arguments of Kenig and Merle [17] (Invent. Math., 166 (2006), 645–675). Then, we obtained the global well-posedness and scattering below the threshold by excluding the almost periodic solution.
Patient, Practice, and Organizational Factors Associated With Early Mobility Performance in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Krupp Anna E. , Tan Alai , Vasilevskis Eduard E. , Mion Lorraine C. , Pun Brenda T. , Brockman Audrey , Hetland Breanna , Ely E. Wesley , Balas Michele C.
Published: September 2024

Background

Adoption of early mobility interventions into intensive care unit (ICU) practice has been slow and varied.

Objectives

To examine factors associated with early mobility performance in critically ill adults and evaluate factors’ effects on predicting next-day early mobility performance.

Methods

A secondary analysis of 66 ICUs’ data from patients admitted for at least 24 hours. Mixed-effects logistic regression modeling was done, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) calculated.

Results

In 12 489 patients, factors independently associated with higher odds of next-day mobility included significant pain (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.09–1.23), documented sedation target (AOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01–1.18), performance of spontaneous awakening trials (AOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.59–1.96), spontaneous breathing trials (AOR, 2.35; 95% CI, 2.14–2.58), mobility safety screening (AOR, 2.26; 95% CI, 2.04–2.49), and prior-day physical/occupational therapy (AOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.30–1.59). Factors independently associated with lower odds of next-day mobility included deep sedation (AOR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.39–0.49), delirium (AOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.59–0.69), benzodiazepine administration (AOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79–0.92), physical restraints (AOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.68–0.80), and mechanical ventilation (AOR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.68–0.78). Black and Hispanic patients had lower odds of next-day mobility than other patients. Models incorporating patient, practice, and between-unit variations displayed high discriminant accuracy (AUC, 0.853) in predicting next-day early mobility performance.

Conclusions

Collectively, several modifiable and nonmodifiable factors provide excellent prediction of next-day early mobility performance.
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome presenting as chronic partial duodenal obstruction in an infant
Authors: Kumara K. M. T. , Liyanage U. B. , Kumara T. L. A. J. , Samarasekara S. M. A. S. M. , Wickramasingha W. M. M. R.
Published: September 2024

No abstract available
Discovering Innovative Destination Branding Strategies through Digital Marketing: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Dias K. L. M. T. D.
Published: September 2024

Sri Lanka boasts a fascinating cultural background and extraordinary geographical features, making its tourism prospects promising. However, recent challenges necessitate innovative destination branding strategies to revamp the sector. This paper examines how such branding strategies can enhance the country's tourism competitiveness by leveraging its strengths (Chathurani & Chandana, 2022). A bibliometric analysis of recent research on tourism in Sri Lanka provides policy-relevant insights and identifies knowledge gaps and future research topics (Perera & Perera, 2021). Key issues such as integrating digital media, segmentation, sustainability, and stakeholder roles are examined to define effective destination branding strategies. The findings offer insights on enhancing Sri Lanka's global tourism brand and address implementation challenges like resource availability, stakeholder management, and closing the digital divide. Recommendations derived from bibliometric analysis provide valuable evidence for industry stakeholders, advertisers, and policymakers to boost Sri Lanka's global tourism competitiveness (Wijesinghe & Weerasinghe, 2023). This paper also contributes to scholarship on destination branding and tourism marketing by highlighting topics for future research, focusing on long-term viability through stakeholder cooperation and comprehensive sustainability certifications.
Evaluation of antioxidant and neuropharmacological properties of Leea aequata leaves
Authors: Hossain Md. Riaz , Foysal Md. Sifat , Naima Jannatul , Ibban Sadab Sipar
Published: September 2024

The Bangladeshi medicinal plant Leea aequata is utilized for many health ailments due to its phenolics and flavonoids; however, its bioactive qualities are unknown. An Ethanolic Extract of Leea aequata (EELA) was tested for antioxidant activity in a controlled lab study. It was also tested on rodents for feelings of depression and anxiety. Hole Board Test (HBT) and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) assessed anxiolytic activity in intact mice. The Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST) assessed antidepressant action through immobility. DPPH scavenging, total phenolic, and total flavonoid assays assessed in vitro antioxidant capabilities. In the in vitro DPPH scavenging activity model, the half-Inhibition Concentration (IC50) of the plant sample for free radicals is 323.88 μg/mL, which is significant compared to that of ascorbic acid (759.03 μg/mL). The Total Phenol Content (TPC) of 25.78±3.75 Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) mg/g of dry extract and the Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) of 20.19 mg Catechin Equivalent (CAE) per gram of dry extract in the Leea aequata extract were found to be substantial. In the in vivo anxiolytic activity model, EELA showed substantial (p<0.01) anxiolytic efficacy at 400 mg/kg in the EPM test. The test extract's anxiolytic action is shown by the open arm's decreased entry at 400 mg/kg (81.33±13.96). Increased head dipping with strong anxiolytic effects at 400 mg/kg (27±4.04) (p<0.0001) was observed in HBT. In TST, EELA showed greater antidepressant effectiveness at 200 mg/kg (64.33±6.58). In the FST, EELA at 200 mg/kg had the strongest anti-depressant effect (p<0.0001) due to its short immobility period. These results suggest that L. aequata has antioxidant and neuropharmacological properties and is a major antioxidant source. According to considerable research, Leea aequata may reduce oxidative stress, anxiety, and depression.
Exploring the efficacy of premarital counselling in church settings: A qualitative study
Authors: Moeti Bakadzi , Madigele Tshenolo J. , Moeti Lebogang
Published: September 2024

Background: What a couple does in preparation for marriage is a critical determinant of the success of the marriage. It is believed that, that period helps sustain marriages because it gives couples knowledge and skills that can help them in the marriage as well as facilitate their decision-making process. Despite availability of premarital counselling (PMC) services worldwide, many marriages still end in divorce.Objectives: The purpose of this study, therefore, was to explore pastors’ perceptions regarding premarital counselling in Pentecostal churches in Gaborone.Method: This research adopted a qualitative case study where four pastors from four Pentecostal churches in Gaborone were purposively selected to share their views of PMC in church. The findings were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: The study’s findings established that there is a need for pastors to go through relevant training to be equipped with skills that can help give direction to their services and that congregants should be taught about the benefits of PMC.Conclusion: Based on the findings, it was concluded that although PMC is a powerful tool for a successful marriage and reduction of divorce rates, it needs to be strengthened.Contribution: The study will help to show the need for PMC in Pentecostal churches and also emphasise the most suitable time to commence PMC sessions before one gets married.
Physiotherapy students’ and officers’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of mental health
Authors: Hooblaul Marilyn , Olagbegi Oladapo M. , Nadasan Thayananthee
Published: September 2024

Background: Physiotherapy in mental health is not very popular among physiotherapists, students, healthcare professionals, and people living with mental illness (PLWMI), although many PLWMI are managed by physiotherapy students and physiotherapists.Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of physiotherapy students and physiotherapy community service officers (PCSOs) towards mental health.Setting: The study was conducted in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN).Methods: A concurrent mixed-method was employed using the Attitudes Toward Psychiatry (ATP-30) questionnaire and focus group discussions. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 PCSOs and 191 physiotherapy students. Focus groups were conducted to assess the knowledge gained through the undergraduate programme, comprising three groups of students from second to fourth year and two groups of PCSOs. An interview was also conducted with one PCSO.Results: A total of 146 students and 72 community service officers completed the questionnaire. Participants had an overall positive attitude, with a mean ATP-30 score of 108.02 (standard deviation [s.d.] = 10.86). Those with a family member or friend with a mental illness scored higher. Focus groups revealed limited knowledge about mental health and reluctance to work in the field.Conclusion: Physiotherapy students and PCSOs in KZN had positive attitudes towards mental health despite limited knowledge. They expressed a desire for more information about mental health.Contribution: The curriculum needs to include adequate mental health content to prepare students to manage PLWMI after graduation, reducing stigma, and negative perceptions, and ensuring confidence.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles accelerate the healing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected wounds in rabbits
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Chaudhry Ayesha Safdar , Ashar Ambreen , Rashid Hamad Bin , Saleem Muhammad Hassan , Aslam Hassaan Bin , Aziz Abdul
Published: September 2024

Objective:

To synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and evaluate their antibacterial and wound healing effects against wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Methods:

ZnONPs were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A total of 18 rabbits were divided into three groups: the ZnONPs group, the gentamicin group and the control group. A wound of 3 cm2 was inflicted on each rabbit and contaminated with MRSA inoculum. Treatment was started from the fourth day post-surgery. Wound healing, microbiological analysis, and histopathological analysis were performed to assess the efficacy of ZnONPs ointment.

Results:

XRD analysis confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the ZnONPs with an average crystallite size of 29.23 nm. SEM revealed discoid-shaped ZnONPs with a rough surface and an average size of 48.36 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the purity of ZnONPs. Moreover, the particle size ranged from 100-700 nm with a high agglomeration trend. Treatment with ZnONPs promoted MRSA-infected wound healing. In addition, ZnONPs showed a good antibacterial effect as evidenced by a dose-dependent increase in the zone of inhibition.

Conclusions:

ZnONPs accelerate the healing of MRSA-infected wounds. Therefore, it can be explored for the treatment of MRSA infection.
Effect of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor on Cardiac Remodeling in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in Kuwait
Authors: Alotaibi Naser F. , Alsalih Talal O. , Alajmi Hamdan A , Alsaeed Abdulelah Hamad , Elshaer Fayez , Al Homoud Khaldoon
Published: September 2024

Background:

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a growing concern in the Middle East and worldwide, despite advances in treatment. The introduction of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) has shown promise in managing HFrEF by inhibiting the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. However, its effects on cardiac remodeling and outcomes in the Middle East are poorly understood.

Objectives:

To determine the effectiveness and safety of ARNI in improving outcomes for HFrEF patients in Kuwait.

Methods:

This observational study, conducted at Al Dabbous Cardiac Center in Kuwait, included 114 adult HFrEF patients treated with ARNI for 6 months. Data on patient characteristics, echocardiographic measurements, and clinical parameters were collected before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests and nonparametric sign tests.

Results:

Following ARNI treatment, significant improvements were observed in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and New York Heart Association Functional Classification. LVEF increased from 29.54% to 32.22% (P < 0.001). LVEDD and RVSP decreased significantly (P < 0.001, P = 0.016, respectively), while systolic blood pressure decreased (P = 0.002). The study showed no significant changes in weight or potassium levels. Adverse effects were minimal.

Conclusions:

This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting ARNI’s effectiveness in improving outcomes for HFrEF patients, particularly in a Middle Eastern population. ARNI treatment resulted in significant improvements in cardiac remodeling and clinical parameters, emphasizing its potential as a valuable therapeutic option for HFrEF patients. Additional research is essential to optimize ARNI’s use and enhance patient outcomes.
Ketamine Therapy in Patients of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Prospective Pilot Study to Evaluate Abstinence Rate with This Add-on Treatment Modality
Authors: Marvania Nidhi Purushottum , Rayan Anto Leroy , Merchant Dhruti Vijaykumar , Shah Drashti Paragkumar , Mehta Prakash Ishwarlal , Modh Fenil Dineshkumar
Published: September 2024

Background:

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are emerging as a substance use disorder having various psychological and physical ill effects leading to hampering of individual’s productivity and functioning.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ketamine in enhancing confidence levels to abstain from alcohol.

Methods:

Eighteen patients were administered ketamine intravenously after detoxification; a total of three doses, with a 3-day gap between each. The Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale was used to measure their confidence in abstaining from alcohol.

Results:

The study revealed a significant increase in mean confidence scores after three ketamine sessions, with a final assessment showing a 51.98% increase in confidence from baseline.

Conclusions:

The study found that ketamine therapy significantly increased confidence levels in individuals with AUD to abstain from alcohol, with P = 0.05 threshold. However, the impact may wane over time, suggesting the need for additional support or maintenance treatments.
Pathways of Care in the Hospital Visiting Patients Having Mental Health Problems in Central India
Authors: Pande Janhavi , Pande Sanjivani , Mahajan Sudhir Laludeo , Sathe Harshal Shriram
Published: September 2024

Background:

There is a high community prevalence of mental health problems in India. Psychiatric patients often consult nonspecialist or unqualified health providers which results in significant treatment delays and poor mental health outcomes. Knowledge of existing treatment-seeking practices may be useful to design specific and effective awareness programs.

Objectives:

The objectives were to study the types of health-care providers contacted by patients suffering from different mental illnesses as well as assess the treatment delays and associated factors.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional observational descriptive study was done in a psychiatry clinic of a tertiary health care center and teaching hospital in Central India. The information was collected from consecutive newly visiting patients on two predefined weekdays through face-to-face interviews. A predesigned sociodemographic format and World Health Organization pathways interview schedule were used to assess pathways of care.

Results:

Data were collected from 157 participants. Majority of participants were males (58%). Mood disorders were the most common diagnostic category (28%), followed by substance-related disorders (23%) and anxiety disorders (21%). Eighty (51%) among the total participants consulted psychiatrist in the first visit. Allopathic practitioners were the second commonly consulted health provider category. The median delay in treatment was maximum in substance-related disorders (7 years).

Conclusion:

Significant delay in treatment was observed across all diagnostic categories. Training general practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses and a structured health-care referral system to enhance appropriate psychiatry consultations may be desirable to improve mental health outcomes in India.
Periodic Catatonia: A Tangled Spectra within Neuropsychiatry
Authors: Prasad Anshu , Avinash Priyaranjan , Victor Robin , Bhardwaj Dharuvika
Published: September 2024

Catatonia was first described by Kahlbaum in 1874. Subsequently, in 1908, Kraepelin delineated a cyclical pattern of catatonia in a group of patients with Schizophrenia. Further ahead, in 1938, Gjessing demonstrated the role of nitrogen phasic change in synchronous syntonic cases of periodic catatonia. However, Stokes et al., in 1941, demonstrated it to be a result of steady accumulation rather than a phasic change in nitrogen balance. There are no reliable prevalence figures for periodic catatonia. Prominent diagnostic manuals have not given this diagnostic entity a separate nosological status, despite evidence of a discrete metabolic profile. This case series elucidates periodic catatonia in different psychiatric disorders and how a separate diagnostic criterion could help in early detection and management. We narrate three case reports of catatonic manifestations in two young adolescents and one young adult male, with no underlying medical condition. The first case report highlights intermittent brief periods of catatonic excitement beginning with acute anxiety and followed by fainting spells. The second case report narrates an acute onset manic episode which alternates with the catatonic episode. The third case report shows seasonal advents of catatonia. The pharmacological intervention itself was adequate enough to resolve the catatonic symptoms. The three cases give a purview of catatonic manifestations with differential phenomenology. The treatment of catatonia bears challenges owing to a lack of awareness and differential response to available pharmacotherapy.
Kaphaketu Rasa as a Potential Anti-Inflammatory Ayurveda Herbo-Mineral Drug
Authors: Yadav Pooja , Upadhyay Abhishek , Kumar Sanjay
Published: September 2024

In the present scenario, people are more prone to various diseases due to poor immunity arising due to lifestyle changes, smoking, and air pollution. Poor lifestyle is responsible for Kapha predominant diseases like Kasa, Shwasa, and other metabolic as well as auto-immune disorders. In Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, Kaphaketu Rasa (KKR) consisting of Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf ex Holmes (Vatsanabha), purified Borax (Tankana), Incinerated Conch shell (Shankha Bhasma), Piper longum Linn., and Zingiber officinale Roxb. Has been indicated for Kapha related diseases. Eight varieties by the name of KKR are documented in Ayurvedic texts. To understand the rationale of mentioning these varieties and to explore the potential areas of its usefulness in contemporary clinical conditions, this study was performed. Information regarding this formulation was collected from the major Ayurveda texts as well as electronic sources for available scientific evidence, commercial availability of the formulation was also checked. The available data supports its use as a potent Kapha pacifying formulation whereas scientific evidence supports its action as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antispasmodic, anti-allergic as well as mucolytic agent. However, this formulation needs to be studied through animal and clinical studies to understand and explore its mode of action, drug interactions, dose-response relationships, adverse reactions, etc., in different clinical conditions.
Homeopathic Treatment of Nonbullous Impetigo
Authors: Dastagiri P , Krishnan Arun
Published: September 2024

Impetigo is the most contagious skin infection affecting school-going children and is more prevalent during summer. Impetigo has two types, nonbullous Impetigo (NBI) and bullous Impetigo, of which NBI is the most typical variety caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Group A beta-haemolytic Streptococci or both. The diagnosis is mainly based on the clinical examination and the characteristic appearance of the honey crust formation. In addition, the culture of the pus or bullous fluid may be helpful for the identification of the pathogens. A 14-year-old girl presented with NBI even after taking 1-week conventional treatment for 1 week in vain. However, Mezereum was treated successfully without topicals, complications, or adverse effects. Further, changes in the Dermatology Life Quality of Life questionnaire score from 20 (at the beginning) to zero have been observed: the Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homoeopathy score was +9 out of +13, providing evidence attributed to the intervention. This case report reinforced that homeopathic intervention is beneficial in treating bacterial infections such as NBI, and future pragmatic research needs to strengthen the results.
Cytological Accuracy of Nonguided Fine Needle Aspiration from the Thyroid - A Two-Year Experience from Southern India
Authors: Ratnagiri Ranganath , Jena Shubranshu , Hui Monalisa , Uppin Shantveer G. , Shantappa Rajashekar
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

12.2% of the Indian have a palpable thyroid nodule, but only 5% of these are malignant. The rest of the patients do not need to undergo surgery, unless clinically indicated for other reasons. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) from the thyroid gland is the most commonly performed screening investigation to determine whether a patient needs surgery or not. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNA should therefore, be audited in every Institute from their own data.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective analysis of the case records of all patients of thyroid nodules who underwent surgery at our hospital between September 2019 and September 2021 was undertaken. Clinical, demographic details as well as correlation between the nonguided FNA report and the final histopathology was done. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value as well as accuracy of FNA was calculated.

Results:

The sensitivity of FNA for malignancy was 73.1% and the specificity was 89.3%. The positive predictive value was 85.7% and the negative predictive value was 79.2%. The accuracy of nonguided FNA was 81.8%.

Conclusions:

Though there were no inadequate smears, the high false negative rate and the lower accuracy point toward the need to use ultra-sonography guidance in selected cases to overcome the pitfalls of nonguided FNAs.
Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extract of Ziziphus Spina-Christi Leaves against Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Alharbi Samir Abdulkarim
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Ziziphus spina-christi (Rhamnaceae) is employed in Middle Eastern countries for the treatment of different diseases. Earlier reports revealed that it is cytotoxic to oral cancer cells.

Objective:

The current study determined the antioxidant activity and the anticancer potential of methanolic extract of Z. spina-christi against gastric carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:

LC-MS analysis was used to determine the different phytoconstituents predicted to be present in the extract. The effect of the Z. spina-christi leaf extract against human gastric carcinoma (AGS) cell lines was evaluated using MTT assay and cellular apoptosis techniques. A ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay was used to assess the antioxidant effect.

Results and Conclusion:

The LC-MS analysis revealed 24 phytoconstituents and Z. spina-christi extract was cytotoxic on AGS cells with an IC50 value of 125.1 μg/ml. Incubation of AGS cells with the extract decreased the percentage of live cells with a significant increase in late apoptotic phase and necrotic phase in the cellular apoptosis assay. The Z. spina-christi extract showed a potent antioxidant effect. The results show that Z. spina-christi extract possesses cytotoxic and antioxidant actions.
Oxygen–ozone therapy for myocardial ischemic stroke and cardiovascular disorders
Authors: Pandolfi Sergio , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Franzini Marianno , Tirelli Umberto , Valdenassi Luigi
Published: September 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a major concern for human health worldwide. Emergencies in this field include wide repertories of studies dealing primarily with CVD prevention. In addition to dietary habits and lifestyles, medical knowledge is fully needed to improve public educational programs toward cardiovascular risk factors and to enrich the endowment of pharmaceutical options and therapies to address CVDs, particularly for ischemic damage due to an impairment in the endothelial–myocardial relationship. Because ozone is a stimulator of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide pathway, ozone therapy has been widely demonstrated to have the ability to counteract endothelial-cardiac disorders, providing a novel straightforward opportunity to reduce the impact of CVDs, including atrial fibrillation. In this review, we attempt to establish a state-of-the-art method for the use of ozone in CVD, suggesting that future remarks be addressed to provide fundamental insights into this issue. The purpose of this study was to highlight the role of ozone in the adjunctive medical treatment of cardiovascular pathologies such as acute myocardial infarction due to ischemic disorders.
Неравенства типа Джексона-Стечкина
между наилучшими полиномиальными приближениями и обобщенными
модулями непрерывности в весовом пространстве Бергмана
$\mathscr{B}_{2,\gamma}$
Authors: Langarshoev Mukhtor Ramazonovich
Published: September 2024

Получены точные неравенства типа Джексона-Стечкина для обобщенного
модуля непрерывности высшего порядка. Вычислены точные значения
некоторых известных $n$-поперечников классов аналитических функций,
заданных при помощи указанной характеристики в весовом пространстве
Бергмана.
Библиография: 26 названий.
Смешанная задача для двухскоростного волнового уравнения
с характеристической косой производной
на конце полуограниченной струны
Authors: Lomovtsev Fedor Egorovich , Ustilko Ekaterina Valer'evna
Published: September 2024

Обоснована формула единственного и устойчивого гладкого решения
смешанной задачи для двухскоростного волнового уравнения
при граничном режиме с нестационарной характеристической косой
производной на конце полуограниченной струны. Ее гладкими решениями
порядка $m$ называются два и более целое число $m$ раз
непрерывно дифференцируемые решения этой смешанной задачи.
Характеристичность косой производной
на конце полуограниченной струны означает то,
что в любой момент времени она направлена вдоль
критической характеристики волнового уравнения.
Выведен критерий корректности по Адамару
характеристической смешанной задачи, т.е. необходимые и
достаточные требования гладкости на исходные данные этой задачи
и условия согласования граничного режима с начальными условиями
и уравнением. Эти требования гладкости и условия согласования
обеспечивают существование, единственность и устойчивость $m$ раз
непрерывно дифференцируемого решения соответственно вне и
на критической характеристике уравнения.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Симметричная гиперболическая ловушка
Authors: Glyzin Sergey Dmitrievich , Kolesov Andrei Yurevich
Published: September 2024

Рассматривается произвольный диффеоморфизм $f$ класса $C^1$, действующий из некоторого открытого подмножества $U$ риманова многообразия $M$ размерности $m$, $m\geqslant 2$, в $f(U)\subset M$. Предлагаются некоторые достаточные условия, при выполнении которых область $U$ представляет собой гиперболическую ловушку. Последнее означает, что любое подмножество $A\subset U$, $f(A)=A$, автоматически является гиперболическим множеством диффеоморфизма $f$. Добавим еще, что упомянутая гиперболическая ловушка симметрична в том смысле, что условия ее существования не меняются при переходе от $f$ к обратному отображению $f^{-1}$.
Библиография: 23 названия.
Об оценке неоднородной суммы Клоостермана методом Карацубы
Authors: Semenova Natalia Kirillovna
Published: September 2024

В настоящей работе получена новая оценка короткой "неоднородной" суммы Клоостермана по простому модулю $q$, число слагаемых которой не превосходит $\sqrt{q}$. Данная оценка уточняет результат М. А. Королeва (2016).
Библиография: 12 названий.
Polynomial approximation on parabolic manifolds
Authors: Sadullaev Azimbay Sadullaevich , Atamuratov Alimardon Abdirimovich
Published: September 2024

On a parabolic manifold polynomials are defined in terms of a special exhaustion function, and the problem of polynomial approximation of analytic functions is considered. An example of a parabolic manifold on which the class of polynomials consists of the constants alone is presented. On regularly parabolic manifolds, which possess a large reserve of polynomials, an analogue of the celebrated Bernstein-Walsh theorem is proved.
Bibliography: 28 titles.
Study of Characterization of Nano-additives and Its Impact on the
Diesel Engine Characteristics Fueled with Ternary Biodiesel
Blend
Authors: Jeyakumar Nagarajan , Dhinesh Balasubramanian , Papla Venugopal Inbanaathan
Published: September 2024

The present work deals with the effects of nano-additives on ternary blend
biodiesel fuel added in diesel engine. The ternary blend comprises of mustard
oil biodiesel and rice bran oil biodiesel, synthesized by means of
transesterification and diesel. Nano-additives used in the current study include
carbon nanotubes (CNT) and MgO/MgAl2O4 spinel, which were
added in a suitable concentration to the biodiesel. CNTs were procured from the
market and MgO/MgAl2O4 spinel was prepared by
co-precipitation via ball milling process. The nano-additives were characterized
by means of FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), AFM (atomic force
microscopy), and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) analysis. Biodiesel
blend samples were prepared such as B20 (20% biodiesel + 80% diesel), B20 + CNT
(1000 PPM), B20+MgO/MgAl2O4 spinel (1000 PPM), and
B20+CNT+MgO/MgAl2O4 spinel (1000 PPM) were tested
against diesel fuel. The maximum increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTE),
oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and the maximum reduction in brake specific fuel
consumption (BSFC), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and smoke was
observed for B20+CNT+MgO/MgAl2O4 at full load conditions
when compared to B20. B20+CNT+MgO/MgAl2O4 indicated the
maximum advancement of mass fraction burned (MFB) 50% compared to other fuel
blends, which is reflected in the other performance, emission, and combustion
characteristics. The highest peak cylinder pressure (Pcyl) was
recorded for B20+MgO/MgAl2O4 despite the presence of large
quantity of oxygen, which reduced slightly (0.63%) due to the addition of CNT.
The highest heat release rate (HRR) was recorded for
B20+MgO/MgAl2O4 in spite of presence of large quantity
of oxygen which reduced slightly (1.73%) due to the addition of CNT.
Caractéristiques morphologiques des caprins abattus à l’abattoir de Korhogo (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Coulibaly Balla , Soro Soronikpoho , Kouadio Kouakou Parfait , Diomande Dramane
Published: September 2024

Pour cerner l’état de la production caprine dans le nord du pays, afin de contribuer au développement de l’élevage des caprins une étude  à été menée à l’abattoir de Korhogo. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer quelques caractéristiques morphologiques des  caprins admis en abattoir. Ainsi, une collecte de donnée a été réalisée sur un effectif total de 736 caprins. Les résultats ont révélé que les  caprins Djallonké étaient les plus abattus (92,53%). Ces derniers étaient majoritairement (58,97%) jeune (0 et 1 an) et les femelles étaient  les plus abattues (50,54%). Le poids vif moyen des caprins Sahéliens (22,30 ± 8,19 kg) était significativement plus élevé (P < 0,05) que celui  des caprins Djallonké (16,36 ± 5,83 kg). Au sein de chaque race, les femelles avaient des poids vifs moyens significativement plus élevés (P  < 0,05) que ceux des mâles. Les caprins Djallonké avaient une moyenne de note d’état corporel de 4,07 ± 0,67, significativement  inférieure (P ≤ 0,05) à celle des caprins Sahéliens qui était de 4,57 ± 0,64. Ces résultats révélaient l’état de production des élevages caprins  dans la zone de Korhogo. Cependant une étude dans les fermes de ladite zone permettrait de mieux cerner leur production.
Traitements ethnovétérinaires des pathologies bactériennes dans la commune de Tessékéré au Ferlo Nord (Sénégal)
Authors: Kasse Medoune Sara , Diatta Betemondji Desire , Houel Emeline , Gueye Mathieu
Published: September 2024

La région du Ferlo, zone d’élevage par excellence du Sénégal regorge de pratiques ethnovétérinaires jusque-là non documentées. Afin de  contribuer à la conservation des connaissances éthnovétérinaires, l’objectif de cette étude était de recenser les pathologies animales  bactériennes et les végétaux impliqués dans leur traitement au Ferlo Nord. Une enquête ethnobotanique, menée au moyen d’un guide  d’entretien ouvert semistructuré, a ciblé principalement les pasteurs et propriétaires de bétail. Les informations recueillies ont été interprétées à l’aide d’outils statistiques descriptifs et de paramètres ethnobotaniques. Quatre pathologies bactériennes (botulisme,  pasteurellose, charbon symptomatique et piétin) ont été répertoriées par un professionnel de la santé animale. La proportion d’usage  des traitements végétaux proposés était de 87% contre le piétin, tandis que celles-ci variaient entre 13 et 16,5% pour les autres  pathologies. Le botulisme a mobilisé plus de plantes (6 espèces) pour son traitement. L’usage de trois organes végétaux (feuille, fruit et  racine), trois modes de préparation (pilage, emploi direct et macération) et deux voies d’administration (local et oral) ont été recensés.  Combretum glutinosum Hochst. ex A.Rich., Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile et Guiera senegalensis JF. Gmel. étaient plus diversement  exploitées entrant chacune dans le traitement de deux pathologies différentes. Cette étude valorise la médecine ethnovétérinaire dans  un contexte de perte de savoirs et de savoir-faire qui mériteraient plus d’attention aux plans phytochimique et pharmacologique.
Antioxidants activities, HPTLC and HPLC/MS characterization of some phenolic acids of Grangea maderaspatana roots extracts from Burkina Faso
Authors: Yougoubo Abdoulaye , Dabire M. Constantin , Bationo K. Remy , Ganame Arouna , Noba Arrounan , Koala Moumouni , Pale Eloi , Nebie C.H. Roger , Duez Pierre , Nacro Mouhoussine
Published: September 2024

Grangea maderaspatana belonging to Asteraceae family is used for its pharmacological properties. The aim of this study is a bio-guided antioxidant compounds characterization of Grangea maderaspatana roots extracts. Extracts were obtained using hexane,  dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Each crude extract was tested for its free radical scavenging activity using DPPH method.  Ethyl acetate extract was found to have the most antioxydant activity with IC50=64.720 µg/mL. This active extract was passed through to  column chromatography fractionation to yield seven sub-fractions of which sub-fraction F’’’6 was the most active (IC50=2.897µg/mL).  HPTLC and HPLC/MS analysis showed that this sub-fraction mainly contained phenolic acids of which eight were identified as chlorogenic  acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid), 1,3,5-tricaffeoyl-4- succinoylquinic acid, 3,4,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid, 1,3- dicaffeoyl-5- fumaroylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoyl-1-fumaroylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-4-fumaroylquinic acid and 1- fumaroyl-3,5- dicaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid. Thus, it can be seen from the present study that Grangea maderaspatana roots extract mainly contain  phenolic acids and could be used as natural oxidant.
Promoting sustainable community/agricultural development in Nigeria: Kulgul community TfD
Authors: Idebe Abel
Published: September 2024

Community/agricultural development has remained a key agenda in the development plans for both state and national governments. Beyond the national landscape, the United Nations (UN) through the sustainable development goals (SDGs) gives as its first three goals: the eradication of poverty; zero hunger; as well as good health and well-being. These goals justify the priority attention that must be given to community and agricultural development. While these goals are key in the actualization of agricultural development, what becomes an issue is to what extent practical steps that ensure sustainable agricultural development is achieved are taken, especially among rural communities that are most affected. This paper, therefore, examines the role of theatre for development (TfD) as a community-based practice for enhancing rural participation in sustainable agricultural development. It specifically uses the account of the TfD experience in Kulgul community of Billiri Local Government Area (LGA), Gombe State, as a point of departure for analysis and discussion. The study recommends greater commitment in local community empowerment through TfD to drive community action plans (CAPs) for sustainable agricultural development in Nigeria.
Towards understanding climate change: the Rijiyar Zaki socio-dramatic dialogue
Authors: Okorie Ihuoma
Published: September 2024

The existence, survival, and sustenance of human beings depend on a healthy environment. The actions of humans in their quest for survival sometimes affect the environment negatively, which leads to climate change. The effects of this change sometimes hit hard on the livelihoods of arable crop farmers, which in turn, impacts food production and availability. This could result in food insecurity. Therefore, limited awareness on the impact of humanity’s actions on the environment has led to the misunderstanding of problems that emanates from its actions and impact on climate change. This ignorance gives birth to views such as the popularly held claim events in society are orchestrated divinely, and not by the activities of human beings. This, perhaps, proves that awareness on issues of climate change is very low, especially among people in the grassroots, rural dwellers, and vulnerable groups like women, and children who are yet to fully understand the impact of their actions on climate change. This instigates the need for crucial interventions. Through socio-drama, this article X-rays how the actions and inactions of the populace can deepen health issues and food shortages in Rijiyar Zaki, a small settlement located in Ungogo Local Government Area of Kano State, Nigeria. The study employed key person interview (KPI), direct observation and action-research instrumentations. It was fortified by Icek Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour(TPB).
Cinema and the ecological challenges in northern Nigeria: insights from the TV series, Sons Of The Caliphate
Authors: Longgul Dakwom Makpring
Published: September 2024

Three prominent individuals, namely, Khalifa Maiyaki, the offspring of the Emir of Kowa Emirate, Nuhu Bula, the offspring of a prominent business magnate, and Dikko Loko, the progeny of a highly influential political figure, are portrayed as a collective entity referred to as the "Sons of the Caliphate," symbolizing the ruling class in northern Nigeria. Their behaviour, characterized by recklessness, corruption, and the exploitation of both humans and the natural environment, serves as the focal point of this discussion. This article delves into the analysis of ‘sticky potrayals of actors,’ i.e., specific filmic shots that stand out as symbolic representations, visually depicting the three main characters as representatives of a particular social class. By drawing on Murray Bookchin’s Eco-Socialism Theory (E-ST) and exploring the concept of power within these sensorial moments, the study examines how the film (Sons of the Caliphate) enables us to comprehend how the "Sons of the Caliphate" function as a corrupt agency that significantly contributes to the ongoing insecurity and humanitarian crises plaguing the northern region of Nigeria. The paper submits that there is a dearth of cinematic productions addressing the ecological challenges faced by northern Nigeria. Nonetheless, Sons of the Caliphate serves as a damning indictment of the political, traditional, and business elite in the region.
Indigenous dance and sustainable environmental development in Nigeria
Authors: Nwaru Christian Ikechukwu , Abakporo Princewill Chukwuma
Published: September 2024

The question of environmental health has been placed on the front burner of discourses in several academic fields as a measure to  provoke conversations to rethink and atone for agelong humanistic and anthropogenic activities. Over the years, humans have  continually plundered the earth and other non-human ecosystems in the guise of development, industrialization, modernity, and  civilization. Today, we are hit by several negative feedbacks, ranging from high sea levels, global warming, environmental-based diseases,  and devastated seas and landscapes. Based on the present accelerated changes evident in society, studies about the future  predict the end of humanity or the apocalypse; a report that have received universal attention as reflected in the United Nations’  sustainable development goals (SDGs) 13, 14, and 15. Governments and policymakers have continued in their efforts to ensure  environmental protection to rebuild the earth’s resilience for the present and future generations. Given these indices, environmental  discourse has received multidisciplinary attention and the arts have tried to be part of the panoply of strategies. Although there have  been considerable responses from drama and music, indigenous dance seems not to have done much in scholarship and practice of this  new reality. The researchers, relying on the Indigenous Standpoint Theory (IST) and using the content analysis and participant  observation tools of qualitative research method, submit that indigenous dances in Nigeria have the potency to become dominant tools  in advocacy about the environment despite conceptual and physical limitations.
Nollywood films and the Niger delta crisis of ecology in Nigeria
Authors: Idyo Solomon , Ademiju-Bepo Adediran Kayode
Published: September 2024

The discovery of oil in the Niger Delta region of southern Nigeria in 1956 at Oloibiri, has brought myriads of problems to the region. For  decades, there have been agitations and attendant crises resulting in repeated loss of lives and properties and monumental destruction  of the ecosystem. Several interventions, including from Nollywood, and countless efforts at finding a solution to the conflicts have been  deployed. This paper undertakes an assessment of the progress of actionable measures taken, primarily by the government and oil  companies, in curbing environmental degradation and injustices, thereby bringing the citizens’ agitations to rest. It uses Nollywood films, Blood and Oil (2010), Black November (2012), Oloibiri (2015) as points of departure for analysis and discussion. This paper interrogates  the level of changes attained, if at all, with the production of the aforementioned films. It deployed a qualitative research method,  exploring document observation, media analysis and focused group discussion (FGD) instruments. The study is theoretically undergirded  by the Marxist Film Theory (MFT). Findings showed that, though there have been significant changes since Nollywood’s films in the crises,  there is still much that needs to be done, to lay to rest the issues of agitations and climate change in Nigeria’s Niger Delta. The  paper submits that new interventions from Nollywood are required as events have assumed new dimensions and new dynamics have  arisen.