bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing myocardial edema and fibrosis in hypertensive crisis with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Talle Mohammed A. , Robbertse Pieter-Paul S. , Doubell Anton F. , Lahri Sa’ad , Herbst Philip G.
Published: October 2024

A hypertensive crisis is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Although altered cardiac structure, function, and myocardial architecture on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have been associated with increased adverse events in hypertensive patients, the studies did not include patients with hypertensive crisis. Our study aimed to determine myocardial tissue characteristics in patients with hypertensive crisis using CMR imaging. Participants underwent comprehensive CMR imaging at 1.5T. The imaging protocol included cine-, T2-weighted-, contrasted- and multi-parametric mapping images. Blood and imaging biomarkers were compared in hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency. Predictors of myocardial edema was assessed using linear regression. The predictive value of T1- and T2 mapping for identifying hypertensive emergency (from urgency) was assessed with receiver operator characteristics curves. Eighty-two patients (48.5 ± 13.4 years, 57% men) were included. Hypertensive emergency constituted 78%. Native T1 was higher in patients with LVH compared to those without (1056 ± 33 vs. 1013 ± 40, P < 0.001), and tended to be higher in hypertensive emergency than urgency (1051 ± 37 vs. 1033 ± 40, P = 0.077). T2-w signal intensity (SI) ratio and T2 mapping values were higher in hypertensive emergency (1.5 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1, P = 0.044 and 48 ± 2 vs. 47 ± 2, P = 0.004), and in patients with than without LVH (1.5 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1, P = 0.045 and P = 0.030). A trend for higher extracellular volume was noted in hypertensive emergency compared to urgency (25 ± 4 vs. 22 ± 3, P = 0.050). Native T1 correlated with T2 mapping (rs = 0.429, P < 0.001), indexed LV mass (rs = 0.493, P < 0.001), cardiac troponin (rs = 0.316, P < 0.001) and NT-proBNP (rs = 0.537, P < 0.001), while T2 correlated with cardiac troponin (rs = 0.390, P < 0.001), and NT-proBNP (rs = 0.348, P < 0.001). Non-ischemic LGE pattern occurred in 59% and was 21% more prevalent in the hypertensive emergency group (P = 0.005). Our findings demonstrate that hypertensive crisis is associated with distinct myocardial tissue alterations, including increased myocardial edema and fibrosis, as detected on CMR. Patients with hypertensive emergency had a higher degree of myocardial oedema than hypertensive urgency. Further research is necessary to explore the prognostic value of these findings.
Parasites provide evidence for fish consumption among Iron Age Siberian pastoralists
Authors: Slepchenko Sergey , Sadykov Timur , Fomicheva Daria , Blochin Jegor , Caspari Gino
Published: October 2024

The subsistence economies of prehistoric pastoralists of the Eurasian steppes have long been viewed through an oversimplified model of reliance on domesticated animals. This conceptualization has begun to shift dramatically through the introduction of scientific analyses, pivoting towards an evidence-based interpretation of economic flexibility and adaptive heterogeneity. Here we provide insights into the dietary practices of Iron Age pastoralists in Siberia through an archaeoparasitological analysis. Soil samples from the Tunnug 1 site in southern Siberia reveal the presence of helminth eggs of Taenia sp. (likely), Trichuris sp., and Dibothriocephalus sp. This indicates that the diet of the analysed prehistoric population might have included beef and did include freshwater fish, occasionally consumed in undercooked or raw form. Despite the primary reliance on pastoralism and possibly small-scale millet agriculture, these populations engaged in diverse dietary practices, including fish consumption. Additionally, the presence of Trichuris sp. eggs points to poor sanitary conditions, possible consumption of contaminated plant foods, and the contamination of drinking water with feces. By providing direct evidence of dietary habits, archaeoparasitology complements isotopic analyses and contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the subsistence strategies.
Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase P2 from the cystovirus φ8
Authors: Latimer-Smith Merlyn , Salgado Paula S. , Forsyth Ismay , Makeyev Eugene , Poranen Minna M. , Stuart Dave I. , Grimes Jonathan M. , El Omari Kamel
Published: October 2024

The replication of RNA viruses relies on the activity of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps). Despite large variations in their genomic sequences, viral RdRps share a common architecture generally known as a closed right hand. The P2 polymerase of cystovirus φ6 is currently among the best characterized viral RdRps. This polymerase is responsible for carrying out both replication and transcription of the viral double-stranded RNA genome using de novo initiation. Despite the extensive biochemical and structural studies conducted on φ6 P2, further structural information on other cystoviral RdRps is crucial to elucidate the structural and functional diversity of viral RdRps. Here, we have determined the atomic X-ray structure of the RdRp P2 from the φ6-related cystovirus φ8 at 3Å resolution. This structure completes the existing set of structural information on the φ8 polymerase complex and sheds light on the difference and similarities with related cystoviral RdRps.
Comprehensive analysis of Moroccan middle atlas rosemary: Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant activity, and molecular docking
Authors: El Oihabi Kamal , Bouziani Idrissi Mohammed , El Kamli Taha , El Hamdani Maha , Eloutassi Noureddine , Boutagayout Abdellatif , Bour Abdellatif
Published: October 2024

This study assessed the total flavonoids, polyphenols, condensed tannins, and antioxidant activity (in vitro and in silico) of aqueous and organic extracts of fresh Moroccan rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and hydro-distillation residues. Quantitative methods identified distinct compound profiles. Notably, the hydro-acetone composite exhibited heightened polyphenolic concentrations in both the rosemary samples. Conversely, hydro-methanolic extracts showcased elevated flavonoid levels (RD: 68.4 ± 1.1 mg EC/g MS, RF: 47.1 ± 1.0 mg EC/g MS) alongside condensed tannins (RF: 19.3 ± 0.2 mg EC/g MS, DR: 11.8 ± 0.1 mg EC/g DM). HPLC-ESI-MS analysis provided profound insights into the chemical composition of the hydromethanolic, hydroacetone, and aqueous extracts, identifying 20 compounds, predominantly phenolic diterpenes, flavonoids, and organic acids. Furthermore, rosemary extracts exhibited robust antioxidant activity. Molecular docking analyses revealed specific interactions between key rosemary compounds (Carnosol, Carnosic Acid, and Rosmarinic Acid)–and target proteins, shedding light on their potent antioxidant properties and providing valuable insights for pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications. By revealing the intricate phytochemical characterization of rosemary from the Moroccan Middle Atlas, this study enriches our understanding of its composition and paves the way for its potential applications in pharmaceuticals, supplements, and natural additives, enhancing its industrial significance.
The importance of stimulators in cultivating a non-traditional plant-indigofera Tinctoria L
Authors: Yakubov Gayrat , Negmatova Surayyo , Nurullayeva Manzura , Yakubov Shuhrat , Hudayberganov Dilshod , Sapaeva Nilufar
Published: October 2024

The article depicts the duration and norms of the use of various stimulants in the cultivation of the non-traditional leguminous plant Indigofera (Indigofera tinctoria L.) and its effect on seed yield, root and stem residues, and the amount of total proteins grown in the conditions of the meadow alluvial soils of the Khorezm, the northern region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. To get a high and quality seed yield from Indigofera, it should be sown at 3 kg per hectare in the third ten days of April, and a geohumat stimulator is applied at a rate of 1.0 l/ha along with sowing, 1.6 l/ha during the period of 3–4 true leaf appearances, and 1.6 l/ha in the flowering season of the vegetation. When applied at the rate of, a higher seed yield of 18.3 t/ha was obtained compared to the control option without stimulant use, 6.8 t/ha, and 2.9 t/ha compared to the option where Uzgumi as a chosen option was used only with planting, and it is based on the fact that 1.6 t/ha of additional seed yield can be obtained compared to the option where Geohumat stimulator was used only with planting. Also, it has been scientifically justified that the amount of total proteins increased up to 12.960% in the plant leaf, 30.980% in the seed, and 6.945% in the root when the geohumat stimulator was used at acceptable rates along with planting, during the 3–4 true leaves of the growing season, and during the flowering period. It indicates that the result is 1.249, 1.47, and 1.307% more proportionally than options grown without the stimulator.
The effect of planting scheme and time on chickpea grain production in drought conditions
Authors: Bobokulov Zarif , Bobomirzaev Pirnazar , Tursunov Shermukhammad , Muhammadiyeva Laylo
Published: October 2024

The article presents the influence of sowing dates and schemes on grain yield structure and yield of Lazzat and Malhotra varieties of chickpeas in drought-condition farming. Abundant and high-quality grain harvest from chickpeas directly depends on the correct determination of the optimal planting period and schemes. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of planting periods and schemes on the structure and productivity of chickpea varieties in the conditions of typical gray soils of the lowland-hilly region. In the research, the indicators of grain yield structure and yield of pea varieties were observed in Lazzat and Malhotra varieties when planted in early spring 20.02 in the 60x15x1 scheme, that is, the elements of the grain yield structure, the number of pods and grains per plant, were found to be higher compared to the control option 60x6x1 scheme. In the article, the impact of planting periods and schemes of Lazzat and Malhotra varieties of chickpeas included in the State Register of Agricultural Crops on the grain yield structure and productivity was studied and recommendations were made based on the experimental results. Keywords: soil, chickpea, Lazzat, Malhotra, variety, seed, legume, grain, yield, structure, productivity, planting time, planting scheme, plain-hilly region.
Crop yield forecasting using neural networks trained on the basis of agrometeorological and agrochemical data
Authors: Degtyareva Ksenia , Tynchenko Vadim , Stepanov Nikita , Kalmykova Ekaterina , Makarevskaya Darya
Published: October 2024

In this study, a neural network model was developed and investigated for predicting crop yields based on data on weather conditions, the use of fertilizers and the content of basic nutrients in the soil (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). The research is based on the use of a multilayer perceptron architecture with Rely activation functions for hidden layers and linear activation for the output layer. The evaluation of the model quality was carried out using the mean square error (MSE), which was 0.5783 in the test sample, demonstrating high accuracy of predictions. Visualization of the results included analysis of scatter plots, residuals, histograms of residuals and comparison of distributions of actual and predicted values. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model for yield forecasting tasks, which makes it a valuable tool for optimizing agricultural production.
The adaptation of Swiss chard varieties to soil-climate conditions, creation source for breeding
Authors: Ismoyilov Alisher , Rasulova Gulorom
Published: October 2024

This article presents some important experimental results of the growth, development, productivity, and product quality of chard varieties in the conditions of Uzbekistan. The earliest sample was the Fire Fresh F1 hybrid, and the latest ripening variety was the Izumrud variety. The highest yield in Chard was the highest 38 t/ha in the Krasniy variety. This means 10.9 t/h more than the average yield. The Mirage variety obtained the lowest yield, which is 4.1 t/h less than the average. Also, the productivity of Vulcan and Mirage varieties was equal, i.e. 26t/ha. The weight of one bush of the Krasni variety was 1950 gr. The lowest vegetative mass was 1114 g in the Bright Lights variety. Aliy and Izumrud varieties showed the best results due to their compressibility and elasticity. In the second year of the study, the chard specimens flowered. Flowering first occurred on the 52nd day in the Vulcan variety, and the last on the 63rd day in the Izumrud variety after planting the seed tubers. First, the flowers on the main stem opened, then the flowers on the first and second-order branches. The opening of the flowers starts at 7-8 in the morning. Cross-opening of flowers was observed in the first half of the day. In general, all varieties have high potential and are suitable for cultivation in the conditions of Uzbekistan.
Biochemical basis of complex processing of pomegranate
Authors: Ziyayeva Sitora , Vasina Svetlana , Tagirova Mashkhura
Published: October 2024

The possibility of complex processing of local varieties of pomegranate fruits has been studied. Based on experimental data on the enzymatic activity of amylase and pectinase. Optimal conditions for the depectization process in the production of clarified pomegranate juice concentrate are proposed. Factors influencing the extraction of antioxidants from pomegranate peel were studied. Keywords: pomegranate, extraction, Amylase A.G. XXL, Pectinex Ultra, anti-oxidants.
Changes in the morphology, chemical composition of carbohydrates and fat content of hydroponically grown wheat
Authors: Abdisalamova M.A. , Kuziyev M.S. , Ergashev D.
Published: October 2024

Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, but in water or a nutrient-rich solution. In the hydroponics method, feed is converted from various seeds into high-quality, nutritious, green mass animal feed in a natural environment. Green mass is the main fodder for most farm animals, with a high nutritional value. Wheat grown hydroponically is a food rich in many vitamins and estrogenic substances. The use of this feed is especially important in poultry farming. In our study, changes in the morphology, biomass yield, and chemical composition of hydroponic wheat were studied depending on the growing days. In this article, the chemical composition of hydroponically grown wheat, which is used as a nutritional supplement in broiler chickens’ diet, as well as the quantitative changes of carbohydrates and fat in it, as well as the effect on broiler weight gain, were determined and analyzed. Key words: hydroponics, hydroponic wheat, green biomass, chemical composition, carbohydrate content, fat
Impact of planting schemes on hot pepper varieties in greenhouses
Authors: Xushvaqtov Nurbek , Ibrohimov Bakhodir , Yusupov Bakhriddin , Jonuzaqova Kamola , Nizomova Zebo
Published: October 2024

This article delves into a comprehensive investigation aimed at identifying the optimal planting schemes for newly introduced hot pepper varieties that thrive under unheated greenhouse conditions. Specifically, the study evaluates the performance of three promising hot pepper varieties—“Sharq gavhari,” “Dilnoz 2019,” and “Niyat”—when subjected to a range of planting configurations (70x20, 70x30, 70x40, and 70x50 cm). The findings reveal a compelling relationship between planting density and fruit characteristics. In configurations that permitted a more spacious feeding area, the resulting fruits tended to be smaller, yet exhibited thicker flesh. Conversely, tighter planting arrangements produced taller plants with thinner fruits, which also corresponded with a decrease in pulp thickness. This nuanced understanding of how varying planting schemes influence not just yield but also the physical attributes of the fruit is critical for growers seeking to optimize production. Ultimately, this research provides valuable insights that can guide agricultural practices, ultimately enhancing both the quality and quantity of hot pepper harvests in unheated greenhouse settings. Such knowledge is vital for maximizing the potential of these varieties, thereby promoting better resource utilization and supporting sustainable agricultural development.
Sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam.): A study on physiological and biochemical properties
Authors: Ruziev Yunus , Kushiev Khabib , Ismayilova Markhamat , Khayitov Davron , Ruziyev Farid
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the physiological and biochemical properties of different sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) varieties grown in the Samarkand soil-climatic conditions and assesses the impact of these varieties on soil enzyme activities. The red, yellow, and white varieties were evaluated for their carbohydrate content, vitamin levels, antioxidant activities, growth parameters, root system development, and enzyme activities, including protease, amylase, and cellulase. Biochemical analysis revealed that the red variety had the highest carbohydrate content (25%) with significant levels of sucrose, glucose, and fructose. It also exhibited the highest vitamin C (30 mg/100g) and vitamin A (8 mg/100g) concentrations as determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity, measured using the DPPH assay, was highest in the red variety (85% scavenging activity). Physiological analysis showed that the red variety had superior growth parameters with a height of 35 cm, root length of 20 cm, and biomass of 150 g. It also demonstrated the most developed root system with a root weight of 50 g and root volume of 40 cm³. Enzyme activity assays indicated that the red variety had the highest levels of protease (85 U/mg), amylase (70 U/mg), and cellulase (65 U/mg). The study highlights the significant variations among sweet potato varieties in terms of their nutritional and health-promoting characteristics. The red variety emerged as the most beneficial, exhibiting superior nutritional content, antioxidant activity, and enzyme activities that enhance soil health. These findings underscore the potential of red sweet potatoes in promoting sustainable agriculture and improving food security in regions with challenging environmental conditions.
Use of rocker bioreactor for propagation of the Vaccinium corymbosum L.
Authors: Sereda Mikhail , Kapralova Olga , Varduni Tatiana
Published: October 2024

Plant biotechnology has the potential to meet the market demand for a significant number of seedlings. The current state of the industry is characterised by exemplary results in the field of micropropagation, with notable achievements observed in the cultivation of diverse plant crops, particularly berries. Nevertheless, certain aspects of this technology remain imperfect at the industrial level. The multiplication of microshoots of berry crops remains a costly process. The transition of numerous laboratories from semi-solid agar medium to liquid has resulted in a reduction in the costs associated with propagation. However, the majority of standard bioreactors are costly and frequently challenging to maintain. In the present study, a rocker-type bioreactor system for micropropagation of blueberries was tested using Vaccinium corymbosum L. ‘Pink Lemonade’ as an example. In comparison to the traditional method of micropropagation on a gel medium, the rocker-type bioreactor demonstrates superior outcomes. The multiplication coefficient of blueberry shoots was found to be approximately twofold higher when the liquid WPM medium was supplemented with 0.2 mg/l zeatin within the bioreactor, in comparison to the control variant cultivated on a semi-solid medium of identical composition. The shoots obtained in the bioreactor successfully completed the stages of rooting and acclimatisation to post-aseptic conditions.
Development of the beet sugar subcomplex of the regional agro-industrial complex
Authors: Yalalutdinov Vadim , Lukyanova Milyausha
Published: October 2024

In the present research, we have studied the beet sugar sub-complex at the regional level. Using the scenario method, the cultivated areas indicators of the beet-growing districts of the sugar plant Raevsakhar LLC in the short term have been predicted, that allows us to take into account and adjust the planned indicators due to changing economic conditions and the likelihood of risks. The gross yield of cultivated and harvested areas of sugar beet in raw material areas has been calculated. We have identified the reserve for increasing the gross yield of sugar beet by reducing the area of crop death in the raw material areas of the plant to 117 000 c. Directions for activating the work of the beet-sugar sub-complex of the region with the further development of agricultural firms, the use of intensive cultivation technologies and the involvement of additional farms in the cultivation of sugar beet have been proposed.
CO2 at introduction of fallow into circulation on gray forest soil
Authors: Bobrenko Igor , Goman Natalia , Drofa Olga , Bobrenko Elena , Korzhova Lyudmila
Published: October 2024

The work is devoted to research of CO2 emission dynamics on fallow lands of 5-10 years of age. The purpose was to study the amount of CO2 emission from gray forest soil at different technologies of fallow land introduction into agricultural turnover in the sub-boreal forest of Western Siberia. Technologies of fallow land introduction into turnover have a significant influence on CO2 emission. Spring wheat was cultivated on experimental plots under 2 technologies (methods) of fallow land introduction into turnover. In comparison with fallow land, CO2 emission increased by 1.35 times at agrotechnical technology (with pre-sowing tillage). At combined technology (direct sowing) - 1.18 times. The agrotechnical technology of fallow land restoration contributed to higher CO2 emission (than the combined technology), probably due to higher intensity of soil tillage during fallow land restoration with this technology and increased aeration and microbiological activity in the soil layer. On the basis of the data obtained on carbon dioxide emission from gray forest soils in the sub-boreal forest, models of soil CO2 emission depending on the applied technology of fallow land conversion were developed.
Characteristics of properties of carbohydrase enzyme complexes Bacillus subtilis strain
Authors: Mukhammadiev Rinat , Valiullin Lenar , Tarasova Evgenya , Mukhammadieva Alina , Saifullin Almaz , Yarullin Ainur , Karimullina Ilsiyar , Khusainov Ilnur , Mukhammadiev Rishat
Published: October 2024

In this study, we have obtained two enzymes from the group of carbohydrases, cellulase and hemicellulase, secreted by vegetative cells of the B. subtilis strain, and comparatively characterized their properties in order to determine the possibility of further use of the bacillus and its metabolic products as safe biopesticides Homogeneous cellulase with a specific activity of 69.8 U/mg protein was isolated and purified electrophoretically from the culture liquid of B. subtilis by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, ion exchange chromatography, followed by purification by gel filtration. The molecular weight of the native cellulase molecule, determined by SDS-Na-PAGE electrophoresis and gel filtration, was established to be 34.0 kDa, and it was found that the enzyme consists of one subunit. Bacillus carbohydrases functioned in the temperature range (from 40 to 60 °C) and pH values (from 5.0 to 6.0). The enzyme was characterized by high stability of pH values from 3.0 to 9.0 (optimum pH 6.0) and temperatures from 20 to 75 ° C (temperature optimum from 53 to 59 ° C), respectively. A comparative study of the properties of cellulase and hemicellulase from the producer B. subtilis revealed differences in their structure and physicochemical properties: cellulase of the strain was a more thermostable and alkali-resistant protein. These results open up prospects for further study of the B. subtilis strain and its metabolic products - cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes, for potential use as an environmentally friendly means for the control of phytopathogens of agricultural crops.
Designing a UML automated drip irrigation system to improve the efficiency of greenhouse agriculture
Authors: Boyko Andrey , Orlov Vasiliy , Panfilov Ilya , Kukartseva Svetlana , Filyushina Elena
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the process of designing an automated drip irrigation system for a greenhouse using the UML (Unified Modelling Language) language. The main purpose of the study is to create a detailed and visual model of the system that describes all aspects of its operation, from collecting data from sensors to controlling the irrigation process. In the course of the work, various UML diagrams were developed, including a use case diagram, a class diagram, a sequence diagram, and a state diagram. These diagrams provided a comprehensive view of the system, its components and their interactions, which greatly simplified the design process and allowed to identify possible problems in the early stages of development. The practical application of the automated drip irrigation system has a number of advantages for greenhouse agriculture. The system optimizes the use of water resources, reduces labour costs and minimizes the influence of the human factor, increasing the accuracy and reliability of irrigation. In addition, it provides the ability to monitor and manage irrigation in real time, which allows you to quickly respond to changes in conditions and prevent possible problems.
Optimizing water quality classification using random forest and machine learning
Authors: Kukartsev Vladislav , Orlov Vasiliy , Semenova Evgenia , Rozhkova Alyona
Published: October 2024

Water is the most precious and essential resource among all natural resources. With the increase in industrialization and human activities over recent decades, the state of water resources has been significantly impacted. Effective water quality monitoring has become a priority for cities worldwide. Modern technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, remote sensing, and the Internet of Things provide new opportunities to enhance water resource monitoring systems. This paper explores the application of the random forest model for water quality classification based on chemical attributes. The study includes three experiments: using the full set of features, excluding the pH feature, and using only the top three significant features. The random forest model trained on the full dataset achieved 100% accuracy. When the pH feature was excluded, the model maintained an accuracy of 76%, highlighting the importance of this feature but also showing the potential for compensation by other parameters. Using only the top three significant features (pH, conductivity, and nitrate), the model again achieved 100% accuracy. The results demonstrate that feature optimization without significant loss of model accuracy is a promising approach to improve water quality monitoring and assessment processes. This approach allows for reduced data collection time and costs while maintaining high predictive accuracy. The findings confirm that machine learning, particularly random forest models, can be effectively used for water quality classification, ultimately supporting better management and conservation of water resources.
Water consumption in the territory of the Muchkapsky municipal district in Tambov
Authors: Chernova Maria , Bukovskiy Mikhail
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of calculating the water consumption per year of 75% availability and during the growing season from May to September on the borders of village councils for the Muchkapsky municipal district of the Tambov region. The calculation was carried out over a 60-year period. The current article presents schematic maps for one municipal district, selected as a vivid example of displaying various degrees of water availability. For the first time, river runoff resources were calculated for each month of the growing season for the entire territory of the Tambov region. Maps-schemes of provision of rural areas of the Tambov region with river flow resources will allow water users to estimate the permissible volumes of water for economic use on the territory of each village council. Based on the existing classifications of water availability, the authors have compiled their own classification, which makes it possible to distribute the territories of rural councils in the year of 75% provision by categories of water availability. Thus, in a year 75% of the provision of the Muchkap municipal district has 75% of the territories with very high water availability and only 12.5% of the territories of the Muchkap municipal district belong to the categories with extremely low and low water availability. The conducted research allows us to conclude that, in general, the territory of the Muchkap municipal district for the most part allows for industrial water intake by local enterprises.
Lemna minor in studying the combined effects of Mn7+ and pyrocatechol
Authors: Yessimsiitova Zura , Sukhovnina Victoria , Kupchinsky Aleksandr , Konysbaeva Aizhan , Tolstoy Mihail , Stom Devard
Published: October 2024

The work investigated the combined effect of pyrocatechol (0.001n and 0.1n) with KMnO4 (0.001n and 0.01n) on the Lemna minor. The range of ratios of equivalent concentrations of metal ion and pyrocatechol was from 1:100 to 10:1. It was shown that individual solutions of pyrocatechol exhibited a pronounced damaging effect towards L. minor starting from a concentration of 0.1n, and KMnO4 – from 0.01n. It was revealed that the toxic effect of a 0.1n solution of pyrocatechol decreased with the addition of 0.01n and, to a greater extent, 0.001n solutions of KMnO4. A significant reduction in the damaging effect of 0.01n KMnO4 solution was established when adding 0.001n pyrocatechol to a 10-fold excess of the equivalent concentration of potassium permanganate (2.0-2.4 times). On the contrary, the yield of electrolytes increased in equinormal 0.001 n mixtures of solutions of pyrocatechol and a metal compared to individual solutions. Based on the toxicological data, analysis of UV-VIS spectra, an attempt was made to explain the mechanisms of interaction between pyrocatechol and KMnO4 during their action on plant. The data can be useful for understanding the processes of self-purification of water bodies, be of interest when using plants to clean water bodies, predicting environmental risks.
Flows structure and intensity during liquid and body oscillations in variable cross-section channel
Authors: Karpunin Ivan
Published: October 2024

The present study investigates the intensity and structure of averaged flows at oscillating fluid flow in a vertical axisymmetric channel of variable cross-section. The results demonstrate that oscillating of the fluid induces the formation of strong flows throughout each of the channel segments. The magnitude of these flows is contingent upon the influence of a free oscillating solid body. The results indicate that the presence of a spherical body in the channel has the effect of either intensifying or weakening the fluid’s flow rate in response to both the amplitude of the oscillation and the body’s relative position within the channel.
Selection of an optimal set of machines for sorting and crushing municipal solid waste
Authors: Zhikeyev Azamat , Khankelov Tavbay , Irisbekova Mavluda , Sabirova Diloram , Muxamedova Nafisa
Published: October 2024

The article is dedicated to the selection of the optimal set of machines for sorting and crushing municipal solid waste based on its properties and accumulation rates. Considering the properties of waste and technologies for its collection, a new technological scheme for processing municipal solid waste was developed and, based on this scheme, the optimal set of machines was selected. In addition, the research conducted to determine the fractional composition of the waste made it possible to substantiate the diameter of holes in the drum screen mesh. Based on the analysis of the morphological composition of the waste at the end of the technological chain, the type of crusher design was determined and the main parameters of the hammer crusher were substantiated in connection with the technological processing. The optimal set of machines will make it possible to process the components of municipal solid waste for use in the form of secondary raw materials with the least material and time costs.
Algorithm for ranking applications in QS with priorities in the agro-industrial sector
Authors: Smolyaninov Andrey , Asnina Natalia , Donuykov Igor , Malysheva Anna
Published: October 2024

The study delves into the queuing process for warranty or post- warranty service requests in companies specializing in repairing electronic devices within the agro-industrial sector. The research also investigates the environmental implications of such operations and the environmental challenges related to servicing electronic devices in agricultural production. To streamline maintenance operations and cut costs, a logistic allocation approach for requests is proposed based on queuing systems theory principles. By analyzing workshop operations, a repair work performance scheme is developed, aligning with the specifics of agricultural production and environmental considerations in device maintenance. This has helped outline the primary requirements for the information system, creating diagrams that detail the sequence of processes for order addition, diagnostics, repair, spare parts ordering, and waste disposal. Using terminology from mass service systems, the workshop process is described, and an algorithm for preliminary time parameter calculations has been formulated to predict service completion dates. This methodology not only enables timely updates for customers regarding service completion times and the optimization of order routing through various channels, but it also contributes to addressing the adverse environmental impacts, a critical aspect in the organization of activities within the agricultural sector.
Use of an absorber for the regeneration of hydrotreating catalysts using a steam-air mixture
Authors: Jumaboev Alisher , Jumaboyev Shoxrux
Published: October 2024

This article explores the processing of high-sulfur petroleum products into low-sulfur fuels without harming the environment. Specifically, it discusses the implementation of EURO-3 standards at the Bukhara Oil Refinery in Uzbekistan since 2022. The study examines the hydrodesulfurization process used to treat high-sulfur heavy fractions of oil. The primary aim of the research is to improve the method of oxidative regeneration of hydrotreating catalysts. Modern techniques are proposed for restoring the activity of used catalysts, one of which involves regeneration with a steam-air mixture. This new method offers numerous advantages over traditional approaches, including significant savings in energy and materials, reduced process duration, and decreased emissions of harmful gases into the environment. Consequently, this method not only enhances production efficiency but also plays a crucial role in protecting both the environment and human health.
Analysis of the hydrodynamic causes of thrombosis and hemolysis in the centrifugal pump of the artificial blood supply system
Authors: Bobkov Alexandr , Katalazhnova Irina
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the hydrodynamic causes of complications of the use of centrifugal pumps in artificial circulation systems. In the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, rotary pumps began to be used: centrifugal, axial and disk. Of the three types of rotary pumps, centrifugal pumps have the highest power density due to the use of centrifugal force. Statistics show that the greatest blood damage in the form of thrombosis and hemolysis is observed in these pumps. The article concludes that the main hydrodynamic cause of thrombosis and hemolysis is the force field formed by the centrifugal force of inertia, which generates vortex and separation zones. When passing through these zones, red blood cells experience intense hydrodynamic effects in the form of local accelerations and impacts against the walls of the channels, which leads to their deformation, and then to the destruction of some red blood cells. On the one hand, thanks to this force, the intensity of energy conversion in a centrifugal pump becomes higher compared to other types of pumps. On the other hand, a large unevenness of speed and pressure occurs in the channels, which has a traumatic effect on red blood cells. Hydrodynamic solutions to weaken the force field that injures red blood cells will inevitably be accompanied by a decrease in the intensity of energy conversion and the benefits of using this type of pump.
Human growth hormone produced with recombinant DNA technology
Authors: Mustafakulov Muhammad , Uralov Abdumannon , Ahmedova Sobira , Saidov Zukhriddin
Published: October 2024

Hormones affect the metabolism by stimulating the genetic apparatus of the cell, activating enzymes and changing the rate of enzymatic reactions. They increase the formation of informative ribonucleic acid, which determines the structure of the protein, and affect the biosynthesis of proteins. Somatotropin hormone (STG) is a peptide hormone consisting of 192 amino acids and is secreted from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The deficiency of this hormone causes hypophysis. The demand for recombinant somatotropin is likely to increase in the near future. Because current production technologies cannot meet the demand for cheap somatotropin due to limited production capacity and high production cost. As a result, it is necessary to study the mechanisms of production of therapeutic recombinant proteins. Recombinant somatotropin is mainly synthesized using E. coli lemo strain and is used for therapeutic purposes.
Digital behavior of Russians: The impact of wealth level and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Eremeeva Ekaterina , Sadyrtdinov Ruslan
Published: October 2024

One of the key trends in the modern socio-economic development of society and the state is digitalization. The degree of influence of COVID-19 on the digital behavior of the population and their use of the Internet still remains controversial and interesting to study. In this regard, the purpose of the study: to establish the relationship between the level of well-being of citizens of the Russian Federation and digital behavior and its change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: the study is based on the method of constructing stratification scales: by the level of income of the population, by the level of property, by the use of digital technologies. Results: Comparison of the results of constructing the Income and Assets scales with the results of Digital Behavior allowed us to conclude that there is a relationship between the well-being of citizens and their ability to use digital resources, and a comparative analysis of 2019 and 2020 data allowed us to establish, firstly, the impact of the pandemic on the well-being of citizens and the degree of their stratification, and, secondly, the impact of coronavirus on the digital behavior of Russians and their use of the Internet. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, it was possible to establish that by the time the COVID-19 pandemic and the self-isolation period began in 2020, Russians were already actively using various digital resources. The data showed that coronavirus was more of an indicator than a factor, which clearly demonstrated the dependence of Russians’ digital behavior on their level of well-being. This happened due to the fact that during the coronavirus period, the stratification of society by income and assets changed somewhat, which increased the gap between different groups of the population and reduced the access of certain categories of citizens to digital resources, while others were pushed to their more active use due to the existing socially significant assets and income.
The impact of inclusive tourism on the sustainable development of the host community
Authors: Gorbatova Aliona
Published: October 2024

The growth of domestic tourism in Russia, driven by geopolitical tensions, poses numerous challenges to the sustainable development of local communities. This study examines the impact of inclusive tourism, especially for people with disabilities, on host communities. People with disabilities, who make up a significant portion of domestic tourists, face unique barriers and stigma that impact their travel experiences and interactions with locals. This study aims to assess the impact of inclusive tourism on the sustainable development of host communities, focusing on the balance between the needs of tourists with disabilities and the sociocultural dynamics of residents. For this purpose, a comprehensive analysis was carried out using reviews of the legislative framework, statistical data, sociological surveys and expert assessments. The study used quantitative data from a household budget sample survey, as well as qualitative information from case studies and anecdotal evidence. Key findings suggest that unregulated domestic tourism growth can strain infrastructure and provoke conflicts between tourists and residents. Surveys show regional differences in local attitudes towards tourists, with some regions showing significant dissatisfaction. The study highlights the need to develop inclusive tourism, taking into account the local sociocultural context, reducing negative stereotypes and promoting positive interactions between hosts and guests. Implementing inclusive tourism policies that promote mutual respect and understanding between tourists and residents is essential for sustainable tourism development. The study highlights the importance of community participation in tourism planning to ensure equitable and harmonious development that benefits both tourists and locals.
Opportunities to develop ecological culture of students
Authors: Artikov Oybek , Murodova Maksuda
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the issues of environmental protection on the topic of opportunities for students to develop ecological culture. It focuses on the main priorities of international organizations to increase the ecological culture of the population and develop their love for nature, healthy lifestyle, orientation of young people to it, adaptation to social life, society, nature, human relations, issues of the importance of literary sources based on the growing environmental culture of students of higher educational institutions, improvement of sports competitions, increasing responsibility for nature, preservation of natural resources, development of skills for their rational use, solving environmental problems in the regions of the republic, increasing environmental literacy in the educational system, development of ecological consciousness. The stages of development of an ecological worldview and culture and the hindering factors, the stages of development of an ecological culture of students during the educational process and the issues of development of imagination, attitudes, increase of activity, formation of sustainable ecological attitudes and development of their thinking and worldview through ecological knowledge are described. The scientific, social, and methodological factors that hinder the development of students’ ecological culture are presented. Moreover, it is an undeniable fact that nature is a resource that satisfies the material and spiritual needs of a person, its effective use, the actions of society, educational institutions, neighborhoods and families in improving ecological culture have different directions, that is, nature satisfies the material and spiritual needs of a person serves to satisfy. In this regard, the problems of creating a single system of mutual coordination are described.
Using antocyanins and agar-agar as a basis for smart packaging
Authors: Chesnokova Natalia , Kuznetsova Alla , Levchuk Tamara , Kushnarenko Ludmila , Levochkina Ludmila
Published: October 2024

The work explored the possibility of using agar-agar-based films containing anthocyanins as smart packaging for fish raw materials. It has been shown that the structural and mechanical characteristics of films are significantly influenced by the amounts of anthocyanins included in their composition. The most suitable structural and mechanical characteristics are those based on agar-agar films containing 30-50% anthocyanins. A study of the influence of the degree of grinding of the product on the change in color of the film showed that an increase in area of contact of fish raw materials with the film leads to a change in its color during the storage of the product in it. The greatest change in film color is observed in the sample using minced fish. The color of the film with pollock fillet wrapped in it does not change after an hour of keeping the product in it. A study of the effect of fat content in fish raw materials on changes in film color showed that an important factor influencing these changes is the shift of active acidity to the alkaline region, which occurs when fish spoils, as well as oxidative processes occurring in fats. The advantage of storing fish fillets in a film containing anthocyanins has been shown. The use of films containing anthocyanins as packaging for fish raw materials allows us to obtain a product with a longer shelf life.
Protein hydrolysates from Mytilus edulis L. mussel: Physicochemical and antioxidant properties
Authors: Derkach Svetlana , Kuchina Yuliya , Kolotova Daria , Bordiyan Vlada , Luneva Svetlana , Alloyarova Yuliya , Glukharev Andrey
Published: October 2024

Meat of marine molluscs is a promising protein-containing raw material for obtaining protein hydrolysate and biologically active peptides. The purpose of this research was to study the physicochemical properties and antioxidant properties of protein hydrolysate obtained from the mussel
Mytilus edulis L. The hydrolysates were obtained by acidic hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis using protozyme as an enzyme. Gel permeation chromatography was used as experimental method in this study to characterise the molecular weight distribution of the protein hydrolysates. Chemical analysis was used for determine the composition and antioxidant activity of hydrolysates. It is shown that the content of low-molecular fractions - biologically active peptides with a molecular weight of less than 5 kDa is almost three times higher in the enzymatic hydrolysate compared to the acidic one. Accordingly, the enzymatic hydrolysate demonstrates high antioxidant activity, which determines its prospects as a component for functional food products and biomedical drugs.
One-dimensional packaging with method of modified ant colony
Authors: Ganzhur M. A.
Published: October 2024

The study explores the use of the ant algorithm for solving one-dimensional packing problems. It discusses the structure of the decision search graph, the search process on the graph, methods of pheromone deposition and evaporation. The study employs a cyclic method of ant systems. A new strategy for finding effective solutions is proposed based on modification and hybridization of the canonical representations of the particle swarm algorithm. The paradigm of a swarm of transforming chromosomes is described, which provides the ability to represent solutions in the affine space of chromosomes with integer parameter values. The mechanisms of chromosome transformation in the affine space to increase the weight of affine bonds are considered. Experimental research was conducted on an IBM PC, showing improved results compared to existing algorithms. The proposed approach can be useful for solving packaging problems and optimizing the distribution of one-dimensional objects.