bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Exercise Therapy, Manual Therapy, Manipulation, and Dry Needling on Pain Intensity and Functional Disability in Patients with Migraine Headache: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Rezaeian Tahere , Mosallanezhad Zahra , Saadat Zahra , Ranjbar Parisa , Mohammadi Mostafa
Published: June 2023

Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate published randomized controlled trials conducted on the effectiveness of exercise therapy, manual therapy, manipulation, and dry needling on pain intensity and functional disability in patients with migraine headache.

Methods: Six databases were searched from 1994 to January 2022. Primary outcome measures were pain intensity and functional disability, and the secondary outcomes were headache parameters, cervical range of motion, pressure pain threshold, quality of life, and psychological parameters.

Results: From a total of 663 relevant articles, 172 duplicate articles were removed. Of the remaining 491 articles, 452 articles were excluded based on the titles and abstracts for eligibility criteria. Finally, 24 studies were included for full review. Nine studies had moderate quality, and 15 studies had good quality.

Conclusions: The results verified that patients with migraine headache receiving exercise, manual therapy, manipulation, and dry needling showed better progress than those receiving conventional treatment or placebo.
MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF PARABOLIC SOLAR COLLECTORS BY TAGUCHI, ANOVA, AND GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS METHOD
Authors: Dundar Ahmet , Arslanoglu Nurullah
Published: June 2023

In this study, a combined simulation-optimization study was carried out on parabolic solar collectors. The parameters of energy and exergy efficiencies of parabolic solar collectors examined theoretically were optimized by the grey relational analysis method. A simulation model was developed to determine the performance of parabolic solar collectors. The results obtained from this model were shown to be in good agreement with the previous results in the literature. Four parameters such as wind speed, fluid flow rate, solar radiation value, and fluid inlet temperature were selected for statistical analysis. A statistical analysis was carried out to observe the effect of these parameters on the first- and second-law efficiencies of the collectors. Optimum values and contribution rates of the parameters were determined due to statistical analysis and optimization. As a result, the optimum conditions were obtained, i.e., wind speed value of 5 m/s, flow rate of 100 L/min, solar radiation value of 1000 W/m2, and fluid inlet temperature value of 400 K. Under these conditions, energy and exergy efficiencies were found to be 73.34% and 20.53%, respectively. As a result of the statistical analysis, it was seen that the fluid inlet temperature was the most effective parameter with 72.81%. In addition, the effect rate of solar radiation value was 15.59%, the effect rate of fluid flow rate was 10.01%, and the effect rate of wind speed, which was the parameter with the lowest effect, was found to be 0.24%.
Creating digital twins from computer drawings and laser scans: a comparison
Authors: Dursun İsmail , Varlık Abdullah
Published: June 2023

Building information models offer significant advantages in managing existing buildings and infrastructure. If no such ‘digital twins’ exist, they can be generated from two-dimensional computer-aided design drawings or from laser scanning photogrammetry. This paper starts by describing and comparing the two methods of model generation. It then reports on a study where both methods were used to model a university building complex in Turkey. The results are compared and discussed, highlighting their respective advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that the ideal solution is a combination of elements of both methods.
German security challenges in the area of demography and immigration
Authors: Rzeszutko Mariusz
Published: June 2023

The declining German population with its proportionally ageing society represents a major challenge for Germany. All the more so since the ongoing demographic changes would affect the entire security sector. Alongside the shortage of personnel in the army, Germany also needs to find an effective way of integrating the national and ethnic minorities that were brought into the country as guest workers with the hope of hindering the negative effects of the demographic transition. The article aims to illustrate the security challenges confronting Germany in the upcoming three decades. The quality and efficiency of the proposed reforms will determine both internal and external security architecture of Germany.
Social security in the local dimension
Authors: Leszczyński Marek , Szydlik-Leszczyńska Agata
Published: June 2023

The aim of the considerations described in the article is to place the problem of social security on the local ground. Theoretical foundations of social security derive from the achievements of political science, international relations as well as the science on economics and law. Interdisciplinary approach to social security research allows the methodological pragmatism, having an interesting humanism and the utilitarian approach. In the article, literature studies as well as deductive approach have been used as a research method, with an indication of the crucial analysis areas. The results lead to the conclusions on the necessity of strengthening the access to public services for local communities. As for the public administration in a crisis situation, an important postulate in practice is professionalization of crisis management and taking benefit of the experience of commercial sector, especially in the aspect of efficient administering of the economic system resources.
Synagogues on fire. The end of Polish synagogue architecturein 1939–1941 in the iconography of German soldiers
Authors: Butkiewicz Tomasz
Published: June 2023

The outbreak of World War II marked the beginning of a tragic period in history that determined the fate of Polish Jews. From its first days, the German terror was not only remembered as a prelude to the Holocaust, but also as the beginning of the end of synagogue architecture in Poland. The iconography presented in the article draws attention to the burning synagogues and, at the same time, the end of a world that was indisputably part of the culture, art and identity of Poland before 1939.In the landscape of Poland it constituted a kind of individuality, which in the vocabulary of the Third Reich was perceived as: “Jewish culture and architecture” (Judische Kultur und Architektur), “Jewishtypes” (Judische Typen), “subhumans” (Untermenschen). This is the vocabulary of the German soldier who has occupied Poland since September 1939. And although some of them had already become familiar with this world during the First World War, it was mostly the young recruit born between1920 and 1922 who perceived it in an alien way, unprecedented for him. Convinced of their mission to expand their living space (Lebensraum), and thus their right to rule over Poland and Eastern Europe, the young Germans simultaneously made a visual perception of Polish Jews. The main part the article consists of iconographic documents visualising the silent historical source and studies of the subject created after 1945. They cover the period from 1939 to 1941 and depict the process of destroying Polish synagogue architecture. These are significant years because it was during this period that the largest number of synagogues built in Poland before 1939 were destroyed.
The figure of the katechon in thought of Carl Schmitt
Authors: Goraj Patryk
Published: June 2023

The term "catechon" is an expression that is increasingly used both in scientific works and in public debate. By definition, it means “to hold back, to hold back, to restrict, to keep in check, to postpone or to delay. This word was used for the first time in 2 Thessalonians (2 Thessalonians2:7–8). In this passage of the Bible, the Apostle Paul responds to the rumors of Christ’s imminent return. It reminds the Christian community that this event will not take place as long as the God appointed containment force, the catechon, remains in place. Only when it is abolished or removed will the final confrontation between Christ and "lawlessness" take place, followed by the end of the world. The catechon thus seems to refer to a force or entity that holds back or delays the eschaton and whose operation is still active. The person who revived this concept is Carl Schmitt. He conducted an in-depth analysis of the above expression. This article is a comprehensive consideration of the issue of the katechon, its genesis, explanation of who or what it was, as well as the impact of the analysis of this word on the modern world.
Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities in methanol extracts of Endemic Haplophyllum Species from Türkiye
Authors: YAMAN Cennet
Published: June 2023

The aim of the current study is to determine the total flavonoids, phenolics and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts from aerial parts of four endemic Haplophyllum species to Türkiye (H. myrtifolium, H. vulcanicum, H. pumiliforme, and H. sahinii). There are two populations collected from different regions belonging to H. myrtifolium and H. pumiliforme. Antioxidant activities were measured by radical scavenging activity such as the 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and compared with synthetic standards such as trolox, ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The highest total bioactive contents were recorded as H. sahinii for total phenolic content (66.4 mg GAE/g extract) and H. myrtifolium for total flavonoid content (40.8 mg QE/g extract), but H. vulcanicum displayed the lowest amount for both contents (38.0 mg GAE/g extract and 34.5 mg QE/g extract, respectively). Among the species, H. myrtifolium exhibited the strongest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity followed by H. pumiliforme, H. sahinii and H. vulcanicum. All Haplophyllum species showed higher antioxidant activity for these two radical scavenging activities than trolox and BHT. The phytochemicals and antioxidant activities in methanol extracts from these endemic Haplophyllum species is reported for the first time. The diversity of the findings is to be discussed as likely consequence of the different species and regions.
Трансформация повседневных практик и субъективное благополучие подростков в период пандемии
Authors: Филипова Александра , Зубова Оксана , Ракитина Наталья
Published: June 2023

Изменения, вызванные пандемией, карантином и прочими последствиями распространения COVID‑19 неизбежно сказались на привычном образе жизни взрослых и детей, в том числе и на их психическом состоянии. Пандемия усилила цифровое неравенство и эффекты социального неблагополучия. В статье представлены результаты исследования подростковой повседневности и подростковых переживаний в период пандемии COVID‑19. Основным методом сбора данных стало полуструктурированное интервью с подростками 13–16 лет. Также использованы три проективные методики: «завершение предложений»; «киносценарий про повседневную жизнь, свою и своего окружения в постпандемический период» и незавершенный рисунок человечков, в образе которых персонифицирована жизнь общества до пандемии, в настоящем и будущем. Проекция была использована для понимания скрытых смыслов и значений, планов на будущее подростков, ощутивших на себе влияние пандемии. Всего в исследовании приняли участие 20 подростков, по десять юношей и девушек. Информанты проживают в небольшом городе – Комсомольске-на-­Амуре. В фокусе исследования – выявления особенностей субъективного благополучия / неблагополучия подростков в ситуации изменения их повседневности из-за пандемии COVID‑19. Пандемия внесла изменения в повседневные практики подростков, связанные со здоровьем, образованием, организацией досуга, коммуникациями со сверстниками и членами семьи. В ходе исследования выявлены новые социальные страхи подростков, связанные с COVID‑19, особенности образа будущего и отношения респондентов к своему социальному статусу. Зафиксированы проявления агентности подростков в сфере образования через практики самоорганизации, планирования свободного времени и поиска учебной информации.
Социальные предикторы соблюдения ограничительных мер в первую волну пандемии Covid‑19 в Санкт-­Петербурге
Authors: Алиева Алиса , Бадалян Диана , Костенко Вероника , Пантелеев Константин , Пацюкова Юлия , Станевич Оксана
Published: June 2023

Существующие исследования подчеркивают ключевую роль нефармакологических мер (НФМ) в сдерживании заболеваемости COVID‑19, особенно в начале пандемии. Используя уникальные опросные данные Европейского университета в Санкт-­Петербурге о заболеваемости COVID‑19 в городе, мы анализируем социальные предикторы приверженности ограничительным мерам в период наиболее интенсивного их применения – в апреле – июне 2020 г. Результаты моделирования частоты мытья рук, ношения маски на улице и соблюдения локдауна демонстрируют, что отношение к НФМ предсказывало их соблюдение респондентами. В то же время роль гендера, возраста и уровня образования варьировалась для разных типов мер. Просмотр новостей о пандемии был положительно связан со специфическими для COVID‑19 мерами профилактики: ношением маски на улице и редким выходом из дома, но не был связан с учащением мытья рук. В ситуации высокой неопределенности жители Петербурга стремились к самостоятельной оценке рисков. Это видно из интересного интерактивного эффекта просмотра новостей об эпидемии и возраста. Среди тех, кто внимательно следил за новостями об эпидемии, молодые нарушали локдаун чаще, а пожилые значимо реже, чем их сверстники, которые не были информационно вовлечены в ситуацию. В целом люди понимали большую опасность коронавируса для пожилых и меньшую для молодых. Учитывая, что правила поведения были почти идентичны для разных возрастов, особенно в начале эпидемии, многие люди стремились выстроить собственную стратегию, в которой официальные рекомендации (довольно противоречивые) были только частью картины. Наше исследование вносит вклад в дискуссию о соблюдении разных ограничительных мер в ходе пандемии коронавируса и позволяет лучше понять, чем оно было обусловлено в Санкт-­Петербурге.
«Оттолкнулись от дна и пошли дальше»: стратегии совладания с кризисом крафтовых предпринимателей Санкт-­Петербурга
Authors: Майборода Алина , Крупец Яна , Епанова Юлия
Published: June 2023

Крафтовая экономика является частью динамично развивающейся в мегаполисах креативной экономики. В нее входят ремесленное производство и услуги с высоким значением культурных и ценностных составляющих предпринимательства, противостоящие массовому производству и концентрирующиеся на аутентичном индивидуальном продукте, а также создающие особое мильё. Исследования показывают, что данная сфера в последнее время становится все более привлекательной для молодых предпринимателей, предоставляя возможности для самореализации, «страстной работы» и самоидентификации, при этом не требуя больших капиталов для старта и развития. Реализуя проект lifestyle entrepreneurship, молодые крафтовые предприниматели руководствуются не только экономической рациональностью, стремясь не столько к наращиванию экономических мощностей, сколько к выстраиванию «своего» дела в соответствии с определенной системой ценностей. Однако в условиях пандемии COVID‑19 такая ограниченность капиталов сделала микробизнесы особо уязвимыми на рынке. В статье анализируются трудности, с которыми столкнулись молодые крафтовые предприниматели Санкт-­Петербурга в условиях пандемии COVID‑19 в ведении своего дела, а также используемые ими стратегии совладания с кризисом. Статья основана на материалах исследования, проведенного в 2021 г. Эмпирическую базу составили 52 лейтмотивных биографических интервью. Исследование показало, что несмотря на ретроспективно выстраиваемую в большинстве интервью риторику нормализации кризиса, информанты отмечают, что пандемия привела к радикальной трансформации предпринимательской инфраструктуры, разрушив наработанные схемы поставок и продаж, ограничив возможности доступа к рабочим местам и производствам. В сочетании с падением спроса эти изменения поставили перед информантами задачу преодоления кризиса, поиска различных способов реагирования на новые вызовы. В результате анализа выделяются четыре стратегии совладания, актуализирующиеся в условиях пандемии COVID‑19: «сыграть на опережение», «поставить на паузу», «работать на будущее» и «управлять стрессом». При этом, если последние три, несмотря на свою эффективность в отношении сохранения бизнеса, могут быть рассмотрены скорее как пассивные, то первая является примером переопределения своей «слабой» экономической позиции, за счет активного создания своих «правил игры».
Primary Language Teacher Education in Italy: Refining Syllabus Design by Listening to Learners’ Voices
Authors: Poppi Franca , Bondi Marina
Published: June 2023

Decisions concerning syllabus design are generally based on considerations linked to the level of competence to be attained by the end of the course. The Common European Framework of Reference is one of the many yardsticks against which language competence can be measured. However, the guidelines it provides may need further qualifications, especially when dealing with foreign-language primary school teaching. This paper sets out to examine how the opinions of a group of primary school teachers who have been trained to become English teachers can be exploited for the purpose of refining syllabus design for further training courses.

Received: 18-11-07/ Accepted: 14-01-09

How to reference this article:

Poppi, F. & Bondi, M. (2009). Primary Language Teacher Education in Italy: Refining Syllabus Design by Listening to Learners' Voices. Íkala. 14(1), pp.161-194.
Nominal Forms of Address Used by Young People in Medellin When Addressing their Significant Others
Authors: Castellano Ascencio Milton Daniel
Published: June 2023

This article presents a lexical-pragmatic description of nominal forms of address (NFA) used by young people in Medellin when addressing their significant other. To this aim, studies issued in Spanish concerning NFA were reviewed, as well as some fundamental concepts on NFA. The tokens of NFA from the corpus considered for analysis were classified according to the semantic-pragmatic values affecting their meaning. A particular analysis of some of these tokens is presented. The article also remarks on the function of contextual factors involved in the interpretation of NFA.

Received: 30-03-2008 / Accepted: 25-07-2008

How to reference this article:Castellano Ascencio, M. D. (2008). Fórmulas de tratamiento nominales para la pareja en el habla juvenil medellinense. Íkala. 13(2), pp.163-181.
On the Use of Personal Pronouns in Two of Spanish Translations of Tartuffe
Authors: Boudart Laurence
Published: June 2023

This article presents the results of a research project concerning the use of personal pronouns in two Spanish translations of Molière's Tartuffe. A span of nearly two hundred years separates the two translations, the first by José Marchena in 1811 and the second by Encarnación García Fernández and Eduardo J. Fernández Montes in 1984. A contrastive analysis of the two systems provides an interesting view of the notion of cultural adaptation within the framework of a dramatic text and, at the same time, reveals the diachronic evolution of the idea of translation in Spain.

Recibido: 12-10-2007/ Aceptado: 27-02-2008

How to refrence this article:

Boudart, L. (2008). De l'usage des pronoms personnels dans deux traductions espagnoles de Tartuffe. Íkala. 13(1), pp.105-118.
L1 Argumentative Written Production in Bilingual and Monolingual Contexts in 6th, 7th and 8th Grades
Authors: Galindo Angelmiro , Moreno Lina María
Published: June 2023

In this comparative research project we observed the argumentative written production of bilingual (experimental group EG) and monolingual students (control group CG) in 6th, 7th and 8th grades in their mother tongue, as well as the inﬂuence that the bilingual students' school grade had on such written production. Results show that, firstly, just in 7th and 8th grades the written production of the EG surpassed that of the CG, and secondly, the bilingual students with more school experience surpassed those with less experience in certain aspects. It was concluded that the advantage of the EG over the CG in argumentative written production related to the students' level of school experience. Moreover, the bilingual school experience modified this discursive skill according to the method of evaluation employed and the school grades compared.

Received: 16-11-2007 /Accepted: 11-02-2008

How to reference this article:

Galindo, A. & Moreno, L. (2008). Producción argumentativa escrita -lengua materna- en contextos educativos bilingües y monolingües: grados 6º, 7º y 8º. Íkala. 13(1), pp.145-169.
Increasing EFL Students’ Responsibility with Learning Activities through Project Work
Authors: Toro Bustamante Carlos Augusto
Published: June 2023

This action research project highlights the increased responsibility of Grade 7 students when implementing project work in an English foreign language classroom, in a public, co-ed school in Colombia. The action research was carried out over fi ve months and the results show the positive attitudes and behavior that students displayed towards project work in class, the importance of scaffolding to students’ confi dence with class activities, and good grades with positive feedback enhancing students’ learning. Diffi culties found related to cancelled classes, and students’ negative attitudes when groups were assigned by the teacher, along with unequal group work distribution.

Received: 28-03-07 / Accepted: 05-08-07

How to reference this article:

Toro Bustamante, C. A. (2007). Increasing EFL Students’ Responsibility with Learning Activities through Project Work. Íkala. 12(1), pp. 212 – 242.
*La inclusión de la plataforma de aprendizaje en línea MOODLE en un curso de gramática contrastiva español-inglés.
Authors: Ardila María Elena , Bedoya Juan Rodrigo
Published: June 2023

This article gives an account of the collaborative work of two teachers of in the teacher education program at the School of Languages of the Universidad de Antioquia. They decided to include new information and communication technologies (ICT) in a contrastive grammar course. This was an attempt to improve their teaching practices and facilitate their students' learning process. The medium selected was the online learning platform MOODLE, which offers teachers and learners interactive tools that promote student-centred learning, based upon collaborative work and self-discovery strategies

Received: 17-04-06 / Accepted: 27-07-06

How to reference this article:

Bedoya, J. R. (2006). La inclusión de la plataforma de aprendizaje en línea MOODLE en un curso de gramática contrastiva español-inglés. Íkala. 11 (1), pp. 181 – 205
*Curso virtual para docentes de inglés: una alternativa para la profesionalización
Authors: Hernández Fanny , Kostina Irina
Published: June 2023

This article describes the experiences related to the design of a virtual course in the context of the Virtual Campus of the Universidad del Valle (Colombia). The course is directed at in-service English teachers, at undergraduates and graduates whose English level corresponds to false beginner, or at teachers of other subjects who plan to teach English in the immediate future.

Received: 17-04-06 / Accepted: 15-08-06

 How to reference this article:

Hernández, F. & Kostina, I. (2006). Curso virtual para docentes de inglés: una alternativa para la profesionalización. Íkala, 11(1), pp. 209 – 231.
Washback of the ICFES Exam: A Case Study of Two Schools in the Departamento del Atlántico.
Authors: Barletta Norma , May Ofelia
Published: June 2023

This study explores the impact of the compulsory state examinations at the end of secondary schooling (the ICFES exams) on English teaching practices in Colombia, since these examinations were modified in 2000. More specifically, we describe the washback effect of the English Test in two public schools. The washback effect is discussed, and results presented that were obtained through the triangulation of information and sources.

Received: 28-03-06 / Accepted: 31-07-06

 How to reference this article:

Barletta, N & May, O. (2006). Washback of the ICFES Exam: A Case Study of Two Schools in the Departamento del Atlántico. Íkala. 11(1), pp. 235 – 261
Evaluación en lenguas extranjeras: discursos y prácticas
Authors: Arias Toro Clara Inés , Maturana Patarroyo Liliana María
Published: June 2023

This article presents the results of a piece of research on foreign language teachers' assessment discourse and practices carried out in two Colombian universities, with the aim of qualifying such practices.  The main findings include: the confusing coexistence of summative and formative assessment; the imprecise definition of the linguistic construct in terms of skills; excessive emphasis on the organizational -not the pragmatic- area of language knowledge; the importance of non-linguistic aspects in pass/fail decisions; the indiscriminate use of assessment and testing, and the scarce consideration of several assessment task qualities.  Additionally, the lack of teachers' work stability, of clear assessment guidelines and agreement, and of formal and systematic recording of assessment results, contribute to teachers passing students without the required communicative competence. Received: 04-06-05/ Accepted: 26-07-05 How to reference this article: Arias Toro, C. I. & Maturana Patarroyo, L. M. (2005). Evaluación en lenguas extranjeras: discursos y prácticas. Íkala. 10 (1), pp. 63 – 91
English teacher research in a continuing education program
Authors: Cárdenas Beltrán Melba Libia
Published: June 2023

This article presents a study on the nature of the research done by Englsh teachers in a continuing education program. The topics and sources of their projects are discussed as well as the procedures used, the teachers'perception of their own role as researchers, and the effect of their projects in their institutions. The results show that, in spite of the tensions throughout the process, English teachers who carry out research become more aware of and committed to their professional work.

Received: 31-05-04 /Accepted: 19-07-04

How to reference this article:

Cárdenas Beltrán, M. L. (2004). Las investigaciones de los docentes de inglés en un programa de formación permanente. Íkala. 9(1), pp. 105 – 135
Analysis of Assessment Instruments Used in Foreign Language Teaching
Authors: Frodden Armstrong María Cristina , Restrepo Marín María Isabel , Maturana Matarroyo Liliana
Published: June 2023

This article presents partial results of a research project on foreign language teachers' discourse and practices with respect to assessment, the aim of which is to improve tea­chers' assessment practices. The study, conducted in two Colombian universities, has various components: analysis of documents, interviews with teachers and students, and workshops with participating teachers in order to qualify them and agree on an improved assessment system. In this report we discuss the analysis made of tests, grids, registers, and forms and other kinds of instruments that teachers use to assess their students. For the analysis of instruments we used an inductive-deductive procedure whereby categories emerging from a first analysis of instruments were then refined by comparing them to those proposed by Bachman and Palmer (1996) and other authors. In general, teachers seem to prefer "hard" over "soft" types of assessment. Moreover, the qualities of assessment on which they seem to rely the most are practicality and reliability; and the ones least taken into consideration are authenticity and interactivity.

Received: 15-06-04 /Accepted: 03-08-04

How to reference this article:

Frodden Armstrong, M. C., Restrepo Marín, M. I. & Maturana Patarroyo, L. (2004). Analysis of Assessment Instruments Used in Foreign Language Teaching. Íkala. 9(1), pp. 171 – 201
Soledad Acosta de Samper and her role in translation in the 19th century Colombia
Authors: Aguirre Gaviria Beatriz Eugenia
Published: June 2023

This is a reflection about the relationship between translation and the process of national formation in Colombia. The theories of Benedict Anderson and Gideon Toury, among others, serve as the general theoretical framework. There is an analisis of excerpts taken from translations done by 19th century Colombian translators. On secting is dedicated to the translation work done by Soledad Acosta de Samper on a French text written by Paul Leroy-Beaulieu about women´s jobs and education in France. The article closes exposing Acosta´s conclusions about her study of the French text and its relation with the situation of Colombian women in issues such as the State, family, education, and jobs.

Received: 02-12-03 / Accepted: 02-03-04

How to reference this article:

Aguirre Gaviria, B. E. (2004). Soledad Acosta de Samper y su papel en la traducción en Colombia en el siglo XIX. Íkala. 9(1), pp. 233 – 267
Oral interaction as per the theory of courtesy
Authors: Zuluaga Gómez Francisco Octavio
Published: June 2023

This article analyses verbal interaction from the point of view of politeness theory. Po­liteness is characterized according to the pioneers´ approaches to this subject (Lakoff, Fraser, Leech, Haverkate, Brown and Levinson). The analysis then focuses on Brown and Levinson´s model of politeness theory, based on the concept of face. In order to explain the linguistic realization of politeness, examples are taken from both authentic texts and dialogues of novels.

Received: 20-11-03 /Accepted: 16-09-04

How to reference this article:

Zuluaga Gómez, F. O. (2004). La interacción verbal vista desde la teoría de la cortesía. Íkala. 9 (1), pp. 389 – 421
Learning through Communication in the EFL Class: Going beyond the PPP Approach.
Authors: Herazo Rivera José David , Jerez Rodríguez Sonia María , Lorduy Arellano Danilza
Published: June 2023

Today, it seems clear that the goal of English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching and learning in Colombia is to foster communicative ability. However, the role communication is usually given in classrooms, that of displaying previously taught language items, poses limitations on the value it might have for developing EFL proficiency. In this paper, we disagree with the assumption that communication can only take place when learnershave learned and defend the position that it might happen when learnersare learning. Our position is supported with grounded theoretical reflection as well as with data coming from the EFL class of a group of sixth graders during an ongoing action research project on the use of task-based learning (TBL) to develop citizenship and EFL proficiency.

Received: 20-02-09 / Accepted: 14-09-09

How to reference this article:

Herazo, J. D., Jerez, S. & Lorduy Arellano, D. (2009). Learning through Communication in the EFL Class: Going beyond the PPP Approach. Íkala. 14(3), pp.117-136.
Promoting Teacher Autonomy through Educational Innovation
Authors: Usma Jaime , Frodden Cristina
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a teacher-researcher and his advisor report on an action research project aimed at developing teacher autonomy through collaborative work on the redesign and implementation of a new English syllabus in a high school in Medellín. Educational innovation, collaborative work, and autonomy development emerged as the main themes related to changing teacher and school practices. Teacher autonomy development requires certain conditions, but the process of change can create these conditions. With this paper we aim at a better understanding of and a discussion on the field of teacher autonomy, especially about the conditions required to begin educational innovations in our institutions, and how these conditions are related to teacher autonomy.

Received: 17-07-03 / Accepted: 19-08-03.

How to reference this article:

Usma, J. & Frodden, C. (2003). Promoting Teacher Autonomy through Educational Innovation. Íkala. 8(1), pp. 101 – 132
Poetry is a Love Affair with Life
Authors: Carmona Natalia Efimovna
Published: June 2023

.. Poetry is born out of acute feeling and intense living. When we areutterly open, receptive and feel the unity of all things, we are in a state ofcommunion with the Universe, and It speaks and sings through us. As Zenpoets say, “It is The Other who writes haiku, the poet is nothing – he isempty.”
Algunos apuntes sobre la traducción de video
Authors: Quiroz Herrera Gabriel Angel
Published: June 2023

How to reference this article:

Quiroz Herrera, G. A.(1998). Algunos apuntes sobre la traducción de video. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 3, (5). 37-46
Baudelaire; le visionnaire de la modernité.
Authors: Uribe Nora
Published: June 2023

¿Cómo referenciar este artículo? Uribe, N. (1997). Baudelaire; le visionnaire de la modernité. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 1, 1(1-2). 51-66.
An Elementary History of English [Fascicle one]
Authors: Castrillón Marino
Published: June 2023

How to reference this article:

Castrillón, M. (1997). An Elementary History of English [Fascicle one]. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 2, (1-2). 7-16
Exploring Possibilities for Alternative Assessment in Foreign Language Learning.
Authors: Cárdenas Ramos Rosalba
Published: June 2023

How to reference this article:

Cardenas Ramos, R. (1997). Exploring Possibilities for Alternative Assessment in Foreign Language Learning. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 2, (1-2). 57-73.
*Carnaval en concierto barroco de Alejo Carpentier.
Authors: Aristizábal Valencia Juan Carlos
Published: June 2023

How to reference this article:

Aristizabal Valencia, J. C. (1997). Carnaval en concierto barroco de Alejo Carpentier. Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 2, (1-2). 87-94
*Las memorias de Bernardo Vega como construcción literaria
Authors: Bedoya Luis Iván
Published: June 2023

How to reference this article:

Bedoya, L. I. (1997). Las memorias de Bernardo Vega como construcción literaria  Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura, 2, (1-2). 95-108.
Aspectos teóricos y prácticos del trabajo terminológico en la Universidad Autonoma de Manizales (Colombia)
Authors: Kostina Irina , Mercedes Suarez María
Published: June 2023

How to reference this article:

Kostina, I.&  Suarez, M. M.  (1998). Aspectos teóricos v prácticos del trabajo terminológico en la Universidad Autonoma de Manizales (Colombia). Íkala, Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura 3, (5). 63-77
An Elementary History of English (fascicle three)
Authors: Castrillón Marino
Published: June 2023

With this third and last chapter of An Elementary History of English, M. Castrill6n doses his 'humble opusailum*. This section develops two important influences on Old English: On one hand, a new Latin influence with the christianization of Britain, on the other, the Scandinavian influence with the Norsemen's expansionists and conquering movements.

How to reference this article:

Castrillón, M (1998). An Elementary History ff English [Third Fascicle]. Íkala. 3 (2), pp. 9 – 15
Male Bonding in Shakespeare's Plays
Authors: Aguirre Beatriz
Published: June 2023

Shakespeare throughout his plays, tradegies and comedies, makes an ample representation of male bonding at different levels, and although he shows predilection for this kind of relationship he never idealizes it. Shakespeare is aware of human weakness. Each group of male friends functions differently because, although they express similar bonding, the exchanging of experiences varies in its content as well as h its form. What is evident is that friendship survives more often than love

How to reference this article:

Aguirre, B. (1998). Male Bonding in Shakespeare's Plays. Íkala. 3 (2), pp. 127 – 140.
*Phraseological issues in "exaggeration" in informal speech in Antioquia
Authors: García Zapata Carlos
Published: June 2023

Contemporary linguistics is increasingly concerned with the analysis of everyday speech and the characteristic of regional speech today is the best place to begin such an analysis. Here the author examines certain phraseological aspects of hyperbolic Antioquian expressions which share a comparative and consecutive structure. Such aspects include, amongst others, the degree to which such expressions become part of spoken language, and the variants on each expression which further enrich oral communication.

How to reference this article:

Aspectos fraseológicos de la “exageración” en el habla coloquial antioqueña
Reflections upon pedagogy in René Descartes' La recherche de la vérité para la lumière naturelle
Authors: Klaus Runge Andrés
Published: June 2023

The author looks at pedagogical activity (both education and intellectual growth generally) from the standpoint of Descartes' “Search for Truth Through Natural Light”, drawing particularly on the French philosopher's system of "Cartesian doubt" as an analytical tool. The foundation of critical reflection is founded on the correct use of human reason: an individual process which is nevertheless dependent on dialogue.
The influence of "Cooperative learning" on academic achievement by technical English students at USB, Coast branch campus
Authors: Meza Marina , Pérez Edith
Published: June 2023

In general, students of applied sciences who take courses in technical English perform poorly. Hence the relevance of cooperative learning as a teaching strategy which might serve to tackle this problem. In the following article, the authors describe the methodology, development and results of their research into this strategy.

How to reference this article:

Pérez, E. (2001). Influencia del uso del "aprendizaje cooperativo" en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de inglés técnico de la usb, sede del litoral. Íkala. 6(1-2), pp. 31 – 41
Oral Language Instructions: Teacher and Learner Beliefs and the Reality in EFL Classes at a Colombian University
Authors: Cohen Andrew , Fass Lydia
Published: June 2023

A group of teacher-researchers took a bottom-up, in-depth look at instructional practices and beliefs about oral language and its assessment. Forty teachers and 63 students in beginning, intermediate, and advanced courses at a Colombian University's English program participated in the study. Instrumentation included questionnaires, follow-up questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observation. The pedagogical implications included a need for guidance both to teachers and students in how to make EFL teaching and learning truly communicative in nature, and more teacher training in how to conduct language assessment in the classroom.

How to reference this article:

Cohen D., C. & Fass, L. (2001). Oral Language Instructions: Teacher and Learner Beliefs and the Reality in EFL Classes at a Colombian University. Íkala. 6 (1-2), pp. 43 - 62
Autonomy in foreign language teacher education
Authors: Frodden Cristina , Cardona Gloria
Published: June 2023

This paper summarizes the findings of a research project conducted on the development of autonomy in foreign language teaching programs in two Colombian universities. This project can be seen as an outcome of an overall project (COFE Project), supported by the British and Colombian governments in which twenty-six other universities participated. The aim of the COFE project was to improve the quality of pre-service English language teaching programs (Licenciaturas) by qualifying teacher educators and promoting learner autonomy through the donation of resources centers.
Consideraciones sobre la traducción brasileña de Die Idee des Guten zwischen Plato und Aristoteles de Hans-Georg Gadamer a la luz de los principios teóricos de Jiří Levý
Authors: Cruz Romão Tito Lívio
Published: June 2023

La traducción de textos filosóficos requiere diferentes estrategias, tales como: a) las notas del traductor; b) las explicaciones incorporadas directamente en el cuerpo del texto; c) ciertos malabarismos semánticos desde diversas perspectivas lingüísticas y culturales. La traducción brasilera de Die Idee des Guten zwischen Plato und Aristoteles de Hans-Georg Gadamer implicó que el traductor empleara notas de pie de página para explicitar matices propios de la terminología filosófica del alemán, al igual que algunas correspondencias, concebidas por el propio Gadamer, entre el alemán y el griego. En este artículo nos proponemos señalar la utilidad de las notas de traductor como estrategia para vencer los obstáculos implícitos en la versión brasilera de la obra mencionada, teniendo presente que en portugués los estrechos vínculos entre el alemán y el griego no pueden mantenerse siempre de la “misma” manera. Para superar el agón conceptual impuesto por Gadamer en su libro, el uso por parte del traductor de algunos conceptos de Jiří Levý, puede ser muy útiles, por ejemplo, a) los valores semánticos y el contenido ideológico-estético del original; b) la funcionalidad del texto de llegada; c) le condicionamiento lingüístico, la forma y el contenido ideológico-estético; d) la minimización de las dificultades; e) la reestilización del texto fuente.
La reivindicación de la autobiografía de artista como género literario, basada en los problemas estéticos del Arte de la Traducción de Jiří Levý
Authors: Martino Alba Pilar
Published: June 2023

En nuestro artículo partimos de la base de la traducción del alemán al español de las autobiografías escritas por los artistas plásticos Oskar Kokoschka (1886-1980) y George Grosz (1893-1959) y reivindicamos para estas obras la categoría de textos literarios.  La crítica literaria suele dejar al margen del canon este tipo de obras; sin embargo, si analizamos los presupuestos teóricos y ejemplos prácticos del traductólogo checo Jiří Levý sobre la traslación de textos literarios y nos fijamos especialmente en sus planteamientos sobre problemas estéticos, no cabe duda de que la traducción de autobiografías de artista bien podría pasar a engrosar con plena dignidad el corpus literario del polisistema cultural de llegada. Las reflexiones de Levý en torno a la traducción de textos literarios está en plena actualidad a pesar de los años transcurridos desde su publicación en 1963 y la traducción de su texto teórico, Umĕní překladu, al alemán por Walter Schamschula en 1969. Dicha actualidad justifica su categorización como autor clásico de la Traductología que ya le asignara hace más de dos décadas el introductor de su obra en España, Miguel Ángel Vega Cernuda, en Textos clásicos de teoría de la traducción (1994 [2004]).
A Fala: dimensión sociolingüística en las traducciones a una lengua minorizada
Authors: Valeš Miroslav
Published: June 2023

El objetivo del artículo es presentar el contexto sociolingüístico de A Fala y las traducciones a esta lengua que se han realizado hasta el momento. En el texto se presta atención a los problemas específicos con los que se enfrentan los traductores a las lenguas sin estándar. También se da protagonismo a los mismos traductores, ya que las lenguas minorizadas pocas veces disponen de traductores profesionales o personas de formación lingüística. Según Levý, el proceso de traducción incluye tres fases: comprensión del patrón, interpretación del patrón y reformulación del patrón. En el caso de las lenguas estrechamente emparentadas, como son el castellano y A Fala, este proceso supone un trabajo más fácil para el traductor, sin embargo, estas dos lenguas no permiten una traducción mecánica. En el año 2014 se publicó la traducción de El Principito de Exupéry y un año después el Nuevo Testamento. Para el año 2016 están previstos otros trabajos. Los traductores a esta lengua se encuentran con problemas específicos inexistentes en el proceso de traducción a las lenguas con notable tradición escrita, aun así, la traducción sigue siendo una actividad opcional, donde el traductor elige entre varias posibilidades, tal y como la describe Levý.
La perspectiva funcional de la oración (PFO) en la traducción: paradigmas e instrucciones selectivas
Authors: Aurová Miroslava
Published: June 2023

En la traducción, concebida por Jiří Levý como proceso decisorio implícito, opera una serie de instrucciones que produce un paradigma de opciones posibles. Es sumamente interesante observar la aplicación de las instrucciones selectivas en el ámbito de la perspectiva funcional del enunciado en textos traducidos, especialmente si se traduce a una lengua cuyo orden de palabras, considerado tradicionalmente como “libre”, se rige obligatoria y sistemáticamente por la perspectiva funcional. Se presentarán los resultados del análisis de dicho fenómeno en textos traducidos del español al checo, especialmente en relación con los postulados de Jiří Levý.
La traducción como proceso de decisiones: su reflejo en los corpus paralelos
Authors: Čermák Petr
Published: June 2023

La idea de Jiří Levý de concebir la traducción como un proceso de decisiones es muy interesante tanto para los especialistas en traducción como para los lingüistas. El interés por analizar las traducciones, por comparar la expresión de un mismo contenido en varias lenguas dio lugar a los llamados corpus paralelos, un tipo de corpus lingüístico en el que cada texto tiene su versión correspondiente en otro u otros idiomas. Sirviéndose del material lingüístico extraído del corpus paralelo InterCorp (corpus creado en la Facultad de Letras de la Universidad Carolina de Praga, www.korpus.cz/intercorp), el artículo ilustra las posibilidades que los corpus paralelos ofrecen a los investigadores que pretenden describir el proceso de la traducción. Partiendo del análisis de traducciones que forman parte del corpus, el autor del artículo comenta diferentes factores que influyen en la traducción, en “el proceso de toma de decisiones” (el contexto, el papel del propio traductor, etc.). Además, presta atención al problema de la equivalencia/correspondencia del texto traducido con el texto original. El artículo muestra que, aunque esta nueva metodología presenta también algunas insuficiencias, los corpus paralelos constituyen en nuestro tiempo una aportación relevante a la teoría de la traducción.
Observaciones acerca de la teoría y la práctica de la traducción en Europa Central. Contraste entre los enfoques traductivos de las traducciones al checo y al húngaro de El cuervo de Edgar Alan Poe y su posición en el contexto literario checo y húngaro
Authors: Kolmanová Simona
Published: June 2023

El presente estudio se centra en las traducciones al checo y al húngaro del poema El cuervo. En este se comparan ambas versiones con el uso traductivo contemporáneo (p. ej., el papel y la subjetividad del traductor) y, dentro del contexto de la literatura meta y las tradiciones literarias, con su implementación en la práctica traductiva.  Desde mediados del siglo XIX se han publicado traducciones de El cuervo tanto en húngaro como en checo, incluimos aquí también las traducciones contemporáneas. Actualmente, existen más de 20 versiones del poema en ambas lenguas. Puesto que el Romanticismo jugó un papel importante en la formación de la literatura checa y húngara, el aspecto nacional ha sido muy promovido, incluso en la práctica traductiva. No obstante, como consecuencia de varios factores externos, parece que hay un elemento más significativo en el contexto húngaro. En términos del idioma, existe un factor de diferencias lingüísticas que está obviamente en contraste con el mundo eslavo y con la otra literatura eslava. Sin embargo, algunas tendencias en las traducciones de El cuervo contradicen esto puesto que, en los textos traducidos, en comparación con las traducciones al húngaro, se puede observar que la tradición y el contexto nacional son más explícitos y están muy presentes en las variantes checas.