bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bronchus sign on HRCT thorax
Authors: Patil Shital , Gondhali Gajanan
Published: June 2024

Tuberculosis is the most common diagnosis in India in presence of constitutional symptoms such as cough, fever, and weight loss with lung parenchymal abnormality irrespective of microscopy or nucleic acid amplification test abnormalities in high TB prevalent tropical settings. Pulmonary manifestations of systemic vasculitis have very diverse involvement ranging from the nodule to consolidation. Bronchus sign is classically described in lung malignancies than Wegener disease. The acino-nodular pattern is classical of pulmonary tuberculosis, sometimes documented in fungal infections. In this case report, a 45-year-old female, presented with constitutional symptoms with lung parenchymal nodules, without mycobacterial microscopic or genome documentation, received empirical antituberculosis treatment with the progression of the disease without clinical or radiological response. Bronchoscopy workup is inconclusive and tropical screen for bacterial, fungal, TB, and malignancy was negative. Vasculitis workup was done in view of the presence of persistent fever and documented PR3-ANCA positive with very highly raised titers. We have started on steroid and cyclophosphamide and clinical response documented with near-complete resolution of shadows in 12 weeks. Pulmonary manifestations of Wegener disease are rare and underestimated and early pickup of the entity in course of illness will have a good outcome with an excellent prognosis.
Etiological profile and evaluation of DPLD in real-world
Authors: Bhattacharyya Parthasarathi , Mukherjee Sikta , Mukherjee Arindam , Paul Mintu , Sengupta Sayoni , Dey Debkanya , Handa Ajoy
Published: June 2024

Background

The perceived etiologies and the evaluation practice of concerned physicians in the real-world are important for diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) care.

Methods

An identified cohort of DPLD treating physicians was given to respond to a set of questions regarding their perception of the relative presence of common etiologies of DPLD in India and also regarding the scope and pattern of evaluation of the condition by them in real-world practice with selective inquiries about the satisfaction and constraints.

Results

122 physicians out of 150, mostly (93%) postgraduate and practicing in metropolitan and urban areas (86.07%), participated in the survey. There was the highest abstinence in reply for rare causes of DPLD. As per the highest number/percentage of responses, the perceived etiological distribution for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), non-IPF-ILD (interstitial lung disease), and connective tissue disease-associated ILD was between 11% and 25%, while that of sarcoidosis was 1% to 10 % and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis was 26% to 50%. The evaluation habit varied significantly from villages to urban and metropolitan cities. The access to high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest and spirometry was almost universal (98.36%); it dropped to 86.06% and 47.54% for DLCO and multidisciplinary discussions (MDD) (multidisciplinary discussion), respectively. The access to other investigations was variable. The practice of HRCT was universal, but it dropped by 36.30% for spirometry, 67.41% for DLCO, and 62.51% for MDD. The overall satisfaction in evaluation and follow-up was low. Financial and logistic constraints appeared prevalent along with a lack of family support.

Conclusion

The perceived real-world DPLD practice appears far short of ideal and it needs further investigations to understand the reality to change for betterment.
Combined pulmonary fibrosis with emphysema in nonsmokers needs connective tissue disease workup: A case report
Authors: Patil Shital , Toshniwal Sham
Published: June 2024

Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is a heterogenous lung disease documented in smokers, which includes emphysema in upper lobes and pulmonary fibrosis in lower lobes. CPFE in nonsmokers is rare, and very few literatures are available. In this case report, we have reported an 80-year-old male presented with progressive shortness of breath with fatigability and hypoxia treated as emphysema with inhaled bronchodilators. Response to medical treatment was not satisfactory with worsening of shortness of breath and fatigability. Clinical examination revealed bilateral basal velcro crepitations with resting oxygen saturation was 88% at room air. High-resolution computerized imaging documented emphysema in upper lobes with honeycombing and tractional bronchiectasis in lower lobes. Echocardiography documented pulmonary hypertension with dilated right atrium and ventricle. Connective tissue disease (CTD) panel documented workup positive for polymyositis. We have treated with oxygen supplementation during rest and ambulation, long-acting inhaled bronchodilator medicines, antifibrotic nintedanib, anti-inflammatory methylprednisolone, and pulmonary vasodilator tadalafil. Improvement in cardiopulmonary parameters including in 6-minute walk distance was significant with bronchodilators, mycophenolate mofetil, tadalafil, and antifibrotics.
Assessment of Pulmonary Pulse Transit Time with Respect to Diastolic and Left Atrial Functions
Authors: Büber Ipek , Sevgican Cihan Ilyas , Davutoglu Yigit , Avunduk Saadet , Tekin Isik , Kiliç Oğuz , Kiliç Ismail Dogu
Published: June 2024

Background and Aim:

Pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT) is a new marker of pulmonary hypertension (PH), which shows the time needed for the pulse wave to propagate from the right ventricular outflow tract to the left atrium (LA), but the relationship between pPTT and diastolic-LA function is almost unknown. In this study, we investigated the relationship between pPTT and LA-diastolic functions without PH.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and fifty-six patients were included in this prospectively designed study. Comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation was performed and pPTT was recorded as the time from the beginning of the R-wave on the electrocardiogram to the peak of the S-wave in the pulmonary veins.

Results:

We found a statistically significant correlation between LA total stroke volume, passive stroke volume, LA max area, LA volume (LAV) max and LA volume index (LAVi) max, and pPTT (r = 0.263** P = 0.003, r = 0.240** P = 0.007, (r = 0.339** P < 0.001, r = 0.307** P < 0.001 r = 0.199*, P = 0.024, LA total stroke volume, passive stroke volume, LA max area, LAV max, LAVi max respectively). Heart rate (HRt) and LAVi were detected as independent predictors of pPTT (hazard ratio: −2.290 P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.274–1.306, HR: 0.461, P = 0.028, 95% CI: 0.050–0.873, HRt and LAVi, respectively).

Conclusion:

LAVi and HRt also affected pPTT. The dominant effect of HRt on pPTT should be considered in future studies. Larger studies are needed to determine the change and clinical significance of pPTT in left heart disease.
A Rare Case of Isolated Right Ventricular Loeffler’s Endocarditis in Primary Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Authors: Padoan Laura , Coiro Stefano , Sforna Stefano , del Pinto Maurizio , Savino Ketty
Published: June 2024

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a systemic disorder with various manifestations, characterized by hypereosinophilia and caused by primary or secondary conditions. Loeffler’s endocarditis (LE) represents a frequent cardiac manifestation of HES, caused by infiltration of the myocardium by eosinophilic cells, which determines endocardial damage, with subsequent inflammation, thrombosis, and fibrosis of either one or both ventricles. The diagnosis of cardiac involvement is based on a multimodality approach (i.e., two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography [2D-TTE], speckle-tracking echocardiography [STE], and cardiac magnetic resonance [CMR]), with different findings depending on the stage of disease. STE may be useful in the initial phase when traditional imaging techniques may result negative, whereas CMR allows myocardial tissue characterization along with a better definition of the right ventricle. We present a rare case of LE with isolated right ventricular involvement in a patient with HES caused by chronic eosinophilic leukemia with constitutively activated fusion tyrosine kinase on chromosome 4q12, successfully treated with imatinib mesylate.
Paradoxical Pulmonary Embolism in a Patient with Bilateral Renal Infarction
Authors: Negri Francesco , Burelli Massimo , Pagura Linda , Sachs Camilla , Imazio Massimo , Sinagra Gianfranco
Published: June 2024

We present the case of a 52-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital for a bilateral pulmonary embolism. On the 5th day of hospitalization, an acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred. A transesophageal echocardiogram was performed and it demonstrated a large patent foramen ovale with a consistent right-to-left shunt. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was performed and it demonstrated multiple bilateral renal ischemic areas. CEUS represents a valid alternative to computed tomography or magnetic resonance to confirm the diagnosis of bilateral kidney infarction, especially in patients who experience an AKI.
Heart and Lung Fibrosis in a Patient with COVID-19-Related Myocarditis
Authors: Camastra Giovanni , Ciolina Federica , Arcari Luca , Cacciotti Luca , Pucci Mariateresa
Published: June 2024

A COVID-19 patient, in whom pneumonia lesions were first detected by chest computed tomography, was further evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) due to a suspected myocarditis. Beyond heart alterations, CMR revealed peculiar features of affected pulmonary areas in T1 mapping sequences and showed a particular distribution of late gadolinium enhancement in the same regions. The noninvasive assessment of the cellular, fluid, or fibrotic content of lung lesions may provide key information about the underlying pathophysiological pathways in the search of a tailored medical therapy and ventilatory support for COVID-19 patients.
Clinical Prevention Services by Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Kumar Raman , Atreya Shrikant Yegneswaran , Grover Alka
Published: June 2024

Clinical prevention in primary care involves the identification of risk factors and early signs of disease, as well as the implementation of interventions to prevent the onset or progression of illness in individuals. Community based primary care physicians are best positioned within the health system to deliver clinical prevention. It is essential for primary care physicians to stay up-to-date with current screening guidelines and recommendations from professional organizations to provide evidence-based care.
Effectiveness of an Intervention in Improving Knowledge and Practices about Kala-azar in a Tribal Population of Eastern India
Authors: Paul Pritama , Kovvuru Surendra Reddy , Akhtar Naushad , Kumar Mukesh , Paul Uttam Kumar
Published: June 2024

Background:

Kala-azar, or visceral leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania donovani, remains a significant health concern in India and other endemic regions. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices (KAP) related to kala-azar among the Bedia tribal community in the Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India, and evaluate the impact of an educational intervention.

Methods:

A total of 289 participants were included in this observational study with an intervention component. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected, and a pretested questionnaire assessed KAP related to kala-azar. Knowledge and practice assessments were conducted before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was done to evaluate the intervention’s effectiveness.

Results:

The majority of participants were in the 18–30-year age group, engaged in unskilled work, and had limited formal education, reflecting significant poverty in the population. The intervention significantly improved participants’ knowledge and practices related to kala-azar. After the intervention, correct responses to questions regarding transmission, symptoms, curability, and treatment increased substantially.

Discussion:

The study highlights the effectiveness of targeted interventions in raising awareness and promoting healthier practices in underserved communities. It underscores the importance of addressing socioeconomic disparities in health-care access and tailoring interventions to the specific needs of different socioeconomic statuses.

Conclusion:

This study provides critical insights into the KAP related to kala-azar among the Bedia tribal community in India. Targeted interventions can be effective in reducing the incidence of kala-azar and improving overall health outcomes in marginalized populations.
Efficacy of Unani formulation in acne vulgaris: An open-labeled single-arm clinical trial
Authors: Anjum Sultana , Bhat Muzafar Din Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Background:

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent dermatological disorder, predominantly affecting adolescents. The prevalence hits its peak during the middle-to-late teenaged period with more than 85% of adolescents affected.

Objectives:

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Unani formulation in the management of acne vulgaris.

Materials and Methods:

An open-labeled single-arm clinical study was carried out on 30 patients of acne vulgaris. The test drug formulation contains Murdarsang (lead oxide), Bura armani (Borax), and Roghan gul (Rose oil). Patients were advised to use it in the form of paste for 28 days. The patients were followed for 2 weeks after treatment to assess the residual effect. The subjective parameters (erythema, dryness, peeling, burning, and itching) and objective parameters: Global Evaluation of Acne Scale (GEA) and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) questionnaire were noted every week during the trial. The data were analyzed statistically to assess the effect of the intervention.

Results:

After 4 weeks of treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction in all subjective parameters (P < 0.001). A significant reduction was also seen in the GEA scale and CADI (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The present findings suggest that the trial drug is effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Moreover, studies on different treatment durations are required to finetune these observations.
Effect of various Unani drugs used against mosquitoes
Authors: Rashid Asiya , Sofi Ghulamuddin , Zia Anam , Bhat Ulfat Ahad
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives:

Vector-borne diseases are intensely increasing worldwide and are accountable for affecting the quality of life as well as millions of mortalities per year. Mosquito is the most common vector responsible for the transmission of causative agents from the source of infection to the susceptible host. Vector control is the primary tool to prevent the spread of infection. There are various measures adopted for mosquito control such as personnel protective methods and the use of synthetic insecticides. Resistance developed by mosquitoes to chemical insecticides leads to the failure of mosquito control. Synthetic insecticides are also hazardous to the environment and pose a negative impact on health and the environment. This review is carried out to highlight the plants having larvicidal activity to initiate a step to develop an effective insecticide/larvicide compound that will combat the increasing resistance rates in mosquitoes and in turn prevent the mortalities that occur due to mosquito-borne diseases.

Methodology:

Unani literature was surveyed to note the plant-based drugs that have been traditionally used to repel or kill mosquitoes. Indexed journals from PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and other search engines were used to collect information about the above plant-based drugs for their mosquito-repellant or larvicidal actions. The findings were analyzed and the same summarized in the study.

Observation and Results:

About 51 plants were searched for larvicidal actions; it was found that all of them had larvicidal activity. When the Unani literature was surveyed, it was found that most of the acclaimed drugs were mentioned in Unani classical books and used to repel, kill, or attract mosquitoes in one place.

Conclusion:

The most effective approach to defeat the detrimental effects of synthetic insecticides is to explore the plant-origin-based drugs reported to have insecticidal/larvicidal activity. There is a great opportunity to develop mosquito control measures in the plant sources as claimed in Unani literature.
An assessment of nutritional status and its association with school performance among school-age children (8–14 years) in Gauripalya, Bengaluru
Authors: Ahmad Sayeed , Ansari Abdul Haseeb , Zulkifle Mohammad , Abrar Bushra
Published: June 2024

Background:

Children are the most vulnerable group that suffers from malnutrition. Nutritional status can affect the overall development of children. It may also affect the school performance of children. The present study is an attempt to assess the nutritional status of school-going children and its association with their school performance.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 430 students from classes 3 to 7 standard from two schools in rural Bangalore, India, were included in the study. Information on the age and socioeconomic status of students were collected from school records. Height and weight measurements were taken. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Children were clinically examined for pallor. World Health Organization ‘Z’ score charts were used to categorize weight for age, height for age, and BMI for age. The annual scholastic performance has been correlated with the poor nutrition of children. Student’s t-test (two-tailed, independent) and Chi-square/Fisher exact test have been used to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and annual scholastic performance.

Results:

A total of 430 students participated in this study. The prevalence of underweight in boys was 25.21% (119) and in girls was 19.82% (111). The prevalence of stunting in boys was 12.60% (119), while in girls, it was 9% (111). The prevalence of wasting in the boys was 32.77% (119) and was 29.73% (111) in the girl, respectively. Among them, A + grade results were in 10 (2.30%), B grade results were in 70 (35.0%), and B + grade results were in 81 (35.22%).

Conclusion:

Hence, we conclude that the prevalence of malnutrition is higher among males than in females and children with lower socioeconomic status are more affected. Moreover, the nutritional status of the children is closely associated with their academic performances.
Increased prevalence of anemia (Faqr-al-dam) among teenagers and related control programs in India
Authors: Husain Safder , Bibi Chand , Sherwani Arish Mohammad Khan
Published: June 2024

In anemia, red blood cells or the hemoglobin concentration are below the defined cutoff value in their number and size. In the Unani System of Medicine, anemia is termed Faqr al-Dam which means “shortage of blood.” Anemia is still common in India, and its prevalence has increased across all age groups. Among infants, pregnant and nonpregnant women as well as men, anemia has increased by 2%–9% according to data from NFHS-5 released on November 24, 2021. The main purpose of this article is to describe the prevalence, severity, and burden of anemia among teenagers at the national and subnational levels. All the data were collected from various articles, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare website, and other manuscripts. Between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5, the prevalence of anemia has increased among children by 8.5% and adolescents (girls by 5% and boys by 1.9%). State-wise situation, Assam had the worst performance rise of 32.7%, followed by Mizoram with an increase of 27.1% among children aged 6–59 months. The Indian government has launched different control programs to combat anemia for several years, but current data shows that there should be more improvement and strict implementation of those control programs in every state.
Combination of Anterior and Posterior Vaginal Mesh Implants and Delorme Procedure in a 94-year-old female with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Nguyen Hien Van , Ngo Dung Thi , Lieu Dat Vinh , Tran Tuan Thanh
Published: June 2024

Pelvic organ prolapse refers to the descent of pelvic floor organs resulting from the weakening of pelvic muscles, fascia and connective tissue. The overall prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse is approximately 41%, including bladder prolapse (25%–34%), uterine prolapse (4%–14%) and rectal prolapse (13%–19%). Various methods are currently employed to repair damaged structures and improve patient symptoms, consequently enhancing their quality of life. This report focuses on a 94-year-old female diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse, specifically Grade 3 bladder prolapse, Grade 3 uterine prolapse and complete rectal prolapse. A comprehensive surgical treatment was carried out to repair the pelvic organs on all three levels (rectum, uterus and bladder) by combining the Delorme procedure with synthetic graft implants. The surgical outcomes were good, illustrating immediate improvement in symptoms without early complications. A multispeciality approach helps functionally repair pelvic organ prolapse while preserving structural integrity.
Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study
Authors: Alkali Nura Hamidu , Uloko Andrew E. , Chiroma Ijuptil , Mugana Ayuba , Garba Maria Ahuoiza , Okpe Innocent Onoja , Gargah Elijah Tonde , Abdullahi Umar Faruk , Shadrach Lumsami , Haladu Ibrahim Abdullahi
Published: June 2024

Background:

Physical exercise helps to mitigate cardiovascular risks in people with diabetes mellitus (DM), but there are limited data in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk awareness, exercise practices and metabolic outcomes among Nigerians with diabetes.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study at five tertiary hospitals using questionnaire interviews and clinical assessments. Participants’ knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and knowledge of exercise were assessed on 12- and 5-item scores, while exercise practices were classed as adequate if performed regularly on 3 or more days weekly for a total of 150 min or more based on the American Diabetes Association recommendations. Mean body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose, serum haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), lipid profile, urea, creatinine and uric acid were then compared among participant groups.

Results:

We studied 426 participants with DM, 58.7% females. The mean age was 52.9 ± 13.1 years, with males significantly older than females (54.6 ± 12.2 vs. 51.8 ± 13.5 years; 95% confidence interval: 0.27–5.28, P = 0.03). The mean age at diabetes diagnosis was 44.8 ± 11.7 years, and the median duration of diabetes was 84 months. There was low knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and low knowledge of exercise (mean scores of 2.94 and 2.31, respectively). Forty-three per cent of participants reported adequate exercise, which was significantly associated with younger age (P = 0.007), male gender (P = 0.001) and formal education (P = 0.021). Participants with adequate exercise had lower systolic BP and serum urea compared to those with inadequate exercise, but there were no significant differences in BMI, fasting glucose, HbA1c, serum lipids, creatinine or uric acid.

Conclusion:

Participants had low knowledge of cardiovascular risks and the appropriate exercise practices for diabetes patients. There is a need for better patient education on diabetes self-care and exercise at clinic visits.
Efficient Gene Expression Data Analysis using ES-DBN For Microarray Cancer Data Classification
Authors: Sucharita Swati , Sahu Barnali , Swarnkar Tripti
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION: DNA microarray has become a promising means for classification of various cancer types via the creation of various Gene Expression (GE) profiles, with the advancement of technologies. But, it is challenging to classify the GE profile since not all genes contribute to the presence of cancer and might lead to incorrect diagnoses. Thus an efficient GE data analysis for microarray cancer data classification using Exponential Sigmoid-Deep Belief Network (ES-DBN) is proposed in this work.OBJECTIVES: The study aims to develop an efficient GE data analysis using Exponential Sigmoid-Deep Belief Network (ES-DBN) for microarray cancer data classification.METHODS: The proposed methodology starts with pre-processing to compact data. Afterward, by utilizing Min-Max feature scaling technique, the pre-processed data is normalized. The normalized data is further encoded and feature  ranking is performed. The subset values are selected using Cauchy Mutation-Coral Reefs Optimization (CM-CRO) in feature ranking. The feature vector is calculated by Pearson Correlation Coefficient based GloVe (PCC-GloVe) algorithm since different subsets return the same fitness value. Statistical and Biological validations take place after feature vector calculation. Lastly, for effective classification of the type of cancer, the vector features obtained are fed to ES-DBN.RESULTS: The outcomes of the proposed technique are evaluated with various datasets, which exhibited that the proposed technique performed well with the Ovarian cancer dataset and outperforms other conventional approaches.CONCLUSION: This study presents a comprehensive methodology for efficiently classifying cancer types using GE profile. The proposed GE data analysis using ES-DBN shows promising results, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis and classification.
Boundedness of elliptic Calabi–Yau threefolds
Authors: Filipazzi Stefano , Hacon Christopher D. , Svaldi Roberto
Published: June 2024

We show that elliptic Calabi–Yau threefolds form a bounded family. We also show that the same result holds for minimal terminal threefolds of Kodaira dimension

2

, upon fixing the rate of growth of pluricanonical forms and the degree of a multisection of the Iitaka fibration. Both of these hypotheses are necessary to prove the boundedness of such a family.
Tate resolutions on toric varieties
Authors: Brown Michael K. , Erman Daniel
Published: June 2024

We develop an analogue of Eisenbud–Fløystad–Schreyer’s Tate resolutions for toric varieties. Our construction, which is given by a noncommutative analogue of a Fourier–Mukai transform, works quite generally and provides a new perspective on the relationship between Tate resolutions and Beilinson’s resolution of the diagonal. We also develop a Beilinson-type resolution of the diagonal for toric varieties.
Prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis without/with nasal polyps according to severity in Spain
Authors: Mullol J , Sastre J , Domínguez-Ortega J , Blanco- Aparicio M , Castillo Vizuete J A , Alobid I , García-Vitoria M , Palomo-Jiménez P I
Published: June 2024

Background: The worldwide prevalence range of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is 5-12%; from this, 20 % have nasal polyps. Due to the little epidemiological data about CRS in the Spanish population, this study analyses the prevalence and severity of CRS with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps, and their connection with other coexisting type 2 inflammatory diseases in Spain. Methodology: This is a retrospective, large-scale, nationwide, epidemiological study based on the electronic medical records from the BIG-PAC® database. Patients diagnosed of CRSsNP and CRSwNP were identified using specific disease codes. The severe form of the disease was defined as patients who received at least a long course of antibiotics in CRSsNP or ≥2 short courses of systemic corticosteroids in CRSwNP in ≤12 months during the last 2 years, and/or had previous sinus surgery. Physician-diagnosed prevalence, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and disease severity were assessed. Results: Out of a cohort of 1,012,257 patients (≥18 years old), 42,863 and 7,550 patients with diagnosed CRSsNP and CRSwNP, respectively, were analysed. The overall prevalence of diagnosed CRS was 5.1%, being 4.3% and 0.8% for CRSsNP and CRSwNP, respectively. Patients with CRSwNP and severe forms of the disease were older and had higher levels of type 2 inflammatory biomarkers than CRSsNP patients and non-severe disease. Conclusions: Although CRSsNP was more prevalent than CRSwNP, the severe forms of CRS were more frequent in patients with CRSwNP. In addition, CRSwNP patients had a higher incidence of coexisting type 2 inflammatory diseases.
Dylematy interpretacyjne stosowania sygnałów drogowych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sygnalizatora S-2 w „bezpiecznym” zarządzaniu ruchem drogowym. Część III/III
Authors: Iwanowicz Damian , Hasiewicz Jonatan
Published: June 2024

This is the last of a three-part article devoted to the correctness of signal-controlled road traffic management. This part contains a presentation and commentary on the results of research on the use of signals transmitted by S-2 traffic light devices. In addition, the problem of correct location in the approach (situational plan on the road) of the signals transmitting the green arrow signal is characterized. The conflict resulting from the definition of the “intersection area” in the context of road traffic control and the possibility of using traffic lights at intersections where one of the approaches is the inlet to a private road is also commented on. The summary is the authors' conclusions considering all the parts of the article, along with recommendations for amendments to the Act on Road Traffic and implementing executive acts resulting thereof.
Dynamiczny pomiar prędkości pojazdu oparty na laserowej kontroli odległości
Authors: Konarzewski Michał , Krzemień Piotr
Published: June 2024

The article presents the issue of using a popular driving video recorder Videorapid 2a and proposes an original solution which eliminates the need for keeping the same distance between both vehicles the speed of a vehicle is being measured. The use of such solution by police vehicles would eliminate the need for keeping a constant distance between vehicles, because the speed of the controlled vehicle can still be calculated even when the distance between vehicles is changed. The electronic and IT solution, which is a modern driving video recorder that uses a laser distance sensor, additionally recognizes the vehicle's registration number, which allows its automatic check in, for instance, Central Register of Vehicles and Drivers.
Oggetti filologici immaginari: le lettere scritte dai soldati-contadini romeni transilvani durante la prima guerra mondiale
Authors: Bot Ioana
Published: June 2024

Within the framework of an ample project dedicated to the study of WW I memory literature in Romanian culture, the present study aims at reflecting upon particular philological objects, most of them – imaginary, while the few real ones take unexpected forms. Philologists have frequently remarked upon the lack of an extensive corpus of letters written by Transylvanian Romanian peasants (drafted into the army of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) and tend to put it down to the extremely precarious literacy standards of the category in question. Nevertheless, the “letter” as an instrument of correspondence between two worlds, an object both magical and redeeming, is a recurrent literary motif in the Transylvanian Romanian folklore inspired by the historical event in question. This topos is the object of our analysis. Between the modern written culture and the archaic oral one, imagining the letter in texts and folkloric artefacts belies the mentality conflicts triggered off by the war, as well as the means by which the rural (conservative) populace attempts to come to terms with the violence brought about by the new history ushered by the world conflict.
Giorgio Agamben’in Batı Siyasal Düşüncesine Homo Sacer ile Eleştirel Bir Katkısı
Authors: Doğan Koçak Burcu
Published: June 2024

Siyaset felsefesi alanında önemli bir isim olan Giorgio Agamben, Homo Sacer adlı dokuz eserden oluşan serinin ilk kitabını 1995 yılında yayımlamıştır. Yazar, Türkçeye 2000 yılında çevrilen Kutsal İnsan: Egemen İktidar ve Çıplak Hayat isimli eserinde modern Batı demokrasilerinde, hukuk, yönetim ve egemenlik kavramlarını tarihi bir temele oturtarak tartışmaktadır. Agamben, günümüz siyasetinde, demokratik ve otoriter rejimler arasındaki ortak noktaların, demokrasilerin içinde barınan totaliter eğilimlerin aydınlatılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Batı siyasetinin temelde çıplak hayat ve siyasal hayat olan ikilikler üstüne kurulu olduğunu belirten Agamben, kökünü antik Yunan ve Roma’ya dayandırdığı biyopolitikanın egemen iktidarla iç içe geçerek hayat üzerindeki gücüne eğilmiştir. Olağanüstü hallerin istisna olmaktan çıkarak genel durumu temsil etmesiyle modern toplumlarda herkesin temel hukuki haklarını kaybederek potansiyel birer homo sacer olma ihtimali üzerinde durarak günümüzde yaşamın birçok farklı açıdan dev bir toplama kampına dönüştüğü iddiasını ortaya koymaktadır. Felsefe, siyaset bilimi, sosyoloji gibi pek çok alanın sınırlarında ustalıkla gezen Agamben, politikayı farklı bir şekilde düşünmenin imkânını gösterir. Bu çalışmada sosyolojik perspektifle Agamben’in eseri üzerinden kriz ve süreklilik olguları tartışılmış ve Agamben’e yöneltilen eleştirilere yer verilmiştir.
CHRONIC NON-SPECIFIC BACK PAIN
Authors: Старчина Ю.А. , Косивцова О.В. , Соколов Е.А.
Published: June 2024

Хронической неспецифической болью в спине (ХНБС) считается боль, локализующаяся между XII парой ребер и ягодичными складками и длящаяся более 12 недель. Обследование пациента с ХНБС направлено на исключение ее специфической причины, дискогенной радикулопатии, поясничного стеноза, оценку факторов хронизации боли (социальных и психологических), выявление возможных анатомических источников боли: поражения межпозвоночных дисков, фасеточных суставов, крестцово-подвздошного сочленения, миофасциального синдрома. В лечении ХНБС наиболее эффективен мультидисциплинарный подход, включающий лечебную гимнастику, кинезиотерапию, когнитивно-поведенческую терапию, образовательные программы, мануальную терапию. Для облегчения боли при обострении эффективны нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты, миорелаксанты, при наличии депрессивного расстройства – антидепрессанты. Рассмотрена возможность использования нимесулида для лечения ХНБС.

Chronic nonspecific back pain (CNBP) is pain that is localized between the 12th pair of ribs and the gluteal folds and lasts more than 12 weeks. The examination of a patient with CNBP is aimed at excluding its specific cause, discogenic radiculopathy, lumbar stenosis, assessing the factors of pain chronicity (social and psychological), identifying possible anatomical sources of pain: damage to the intervertebral discs, facet joints, sacroiliac joint, myofascial syndrome. In the treatment of CNBP, a multidisciplinary approach is most effective, including therapeutic exercises, kinesiotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, educational programs, and manual therapy. To relieve pain during exacerbation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants are effective, and in the presence of a depressive disorder, antidepressants. The possibility of using nimesulide for the treatment of CNBP has been considered.
MODERN VIEW ON THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Захаров В.В. , Громова Д.О.
Published: June 2024

Когнитивные нарушения являются важной междисциплинарной проблемой, с  которой сталкиваются как  неврологи и психиатры, так и врачи других специальностей. В настоящее время фокус внимания специалистов в области когнитивных нарушений направлен на все более ранние стадии когнитивной дисфункции. В статье представлено актуальное состояние проблемы умеренных когнитивных нарушений, которые можно определить как промежуточную стадию между нормальным старением и деменцией. Описываются наиболее частые причины развития умеренных когнитивных нарушений, такие как  начальные стадии альцгеймеровской нейродегенерации и  цереброваскулярные заболевания. Приведены диагностические критерии синдрома умеренных когнитивных нарушений и методики, рекомендуемые для диагностики данного синдрома. В статье также освещаются современные методы медикаментозной и немедикаментозной терапии пациентов с умеренными когнитивными нарушениями.

Cognitive impairment is an important interdisciplinary problem faced by neurologists and psychiatrists, as well as doctors of other specialties. Currently, the focus of attention of specialists in the field of cognitive impairment is directed towards increasingly earlier stages of cognitive dysfunction. The article presents the current state of the problem of mild cognitive impairment, which can be defined as an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. The most common causes of mild cognitive impairment, such as the initial stages of Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular diseases, are described. Diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment syndrome and methods recommended for diagnosing this syndrome are presented. The article also highlights modern methods of drug and non-drug therapy for patients with moderate cognitive impairment.
NOVEL DIHYDROACRIDONE DERIVATIVE POSSESSES ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY IN CANCER MODELS
Authors: Пакина В.А. , Иксанова Е.З. , Толстов М.В. , Богословская Е.В. , Блинов К.Д. , Мазова К.А. , Ших Е.В. , Куторкина Е.А. , Блинова Е.В. , Самышина Е.А. , Дерябина О.Н. , Тумутолова О.М. , Блинов Д.С. , Скачилова С.Я.
Published: June 2024

На органоидной модели EGFR-экспрессирующего тройного негативного рака молочной железы 3-пиридинкарбамид 2-амино-5-метилпиридин (соединение ЛХТ-13-19) вызывает зависимую от концентрации циторедукцию с GI50, равным 16,24 мкМ (95% доверительный интервал 4,44–28,04 мкМ; R2 = −0,92; p = 0,005). Курсовое введение ЛХТ-13-19 в  дозе 2 мг/кг в  сутки в  течение 10 дней мышам с  ксенографтной опухолью того же происхождения увеличивало выживаемость лабораторных животных до медианного значения 31 день против 25 дней в  контрольной группе (log rank = 5,441; р = 0,02) и сопровождалось торможением роста опухоли и ее метастазирования. Опухолевая циторедукция под действием ЛХТ-13-19 была обусловлена селективным воздействием на EGFR-экспрессирующие опухолевые клетки. Вещество может рассматриваться как потенциальный кандидат в противоопухолевое лекарственное средство.

It has been shown that 2-amino-5-methylpyridine 3-pyridinecarbamide (compound LHT-13-19) induces concentrationdependent cytoreduction of EGFR-expressing triple negative breast cancer organoids with estimated GI50 = 16.24 μM (95% CI 4.44–28.04 µM; R2 = −0.92; p = 0.005). Intraperitoneal administration of LHT-13-19 at a dose of 2 mg/kg per day for 10 days to mice with patient-derived xenograft tumor of the same origin as organoid one, increases the survival of laboratory animals to an average value of 31 days versus 25 days in the control group (log rank = 5.441; p = 0.02). The effect is accompanied by inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis. LHT-13-19-mediated cancer cytoreduction selectively affects EGFR-expressing tumor cells. The substance may be considered as promising candidate for an antitumor drug.
AFAD Deprem Veri ve Görselleştirmelerine İlişkin Bir R Paketi: AFADEarthQuakeData
Authors: İçöz Cenk , Terlemez Levent
Published: June 2024

Depremler oluşumu birçok farklı etken tarafından tetiklenebilen yıkıcı doğa olaylarıdır. Deprem sonucu oluşan gerek maddi gerek manevi zararlar nedeni ile deprem riskinin belirlenmesi ve tahmini büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Dolayısı ile ülkemizde deprem verilerine ve bu verilerin işlenerek anlamlı sonuçlar çıkarılmasına ilişkin disiplinler arası çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD) veri tabanında yer alan depremlerin belirli özelliklerine göre açık kaynak bir istatistik yazılımı olan R üzerine bir paket yardımı ile R ortamına aktarılması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca deprem verisine ilişkin basit birkaç haritalama ve temel istatistiklerine ilişkin grafiklerinin haritalar ile birlikte elde edilmesini sağlayan görselleştirme fonksiyonlarına da pakette yer verilmiştir. Verinin R ortamına aktarılması, R gibi güçlü bir açık kaynak yazılımı yardımı ile istatistiksel ve deprem analizlerinin kolayca uygulanabilmesi ve deprem çalışmalarında kullanılmasına imkân sağlayabileceği düşünülmüştür.
6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremleri Sonrası Malatya İlinde Bulunan Betonarme Binaların ve Çelik Yapıların Hasar Durumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Atar Muhammed , İnce Ozan , Taş Ömer Faruk , Özmen Alper , Sayın Erkut
Published: June 2024

Türkiye’de 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş'ın Pazarcık ilçesinde saat 04:17'de Mw 7.7 ve aynı gün içinde Elbistan merkezli saat 13:24'te Mw 7.6 büyüklüğünde iki deprem meydana gelmiştir. Bu iki deprem 9 saatlik arayla meydana gelmiş ve özellikle 11 şehri etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada, 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş’ta meydana gelen depremler sonrasında Malatya ilinde yer alan betonarme ve çelik yapıların hasar durumları incelenmiştir. Saha çalışmasında çoğunlukla yıkılan veya ağır hasar gören yapılar üzerinde durulmuştur. Taşıyıcı sistem ve düzensizlikler, malzeme kalitesi ve inşaat süreçlerindeki uygulama hataları gibi konular ele alınmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada özellikle betonarme yapılarda deprem yönetmeliklerinin uygulanmasında ciddi eksiklikler olduğu ayrıca depreme karşı dayanıklı yapı tasarımında taşıyıcı sistem tasarımına ve beton malzemesinin kalitesine (betonda segregasyon oluşumu, uygun geometride agrega kullanılmaması, yetersiz paspayının bırakılması gibi) daha fazla dikkat edilmesi gerektiği görülmektedir.
Deprem verileri kullanılarak zemin hakim frekans/periyot ve H/V spektral oran değerlerinin belirlenmesi: Eskişehir İli Örneği
Authors: Çoban Kaan Hakan , Bayrak Erdem
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada AFAD tarafından Eskişehir ili sınırları içeresinde konumlandırılan 14 kuvvetli yer hareketi istasyonun farklı zamanlarda kaydettiği deprem (M>3.5) verileri kullanılarak Nakamura Yöntemine göre zemin hakim frekans, zemin hakim periyot ve H/V spektral oran değerlerinin hesaplanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda 14 istasyonun her biri için farklı büyüklük ve uzaklıktaki 15 adet deprem seçilmiştir. Bu depremlerin S-dalgası pencerelerinden zemin hakim frekans ve H/V spektral oran değerleri belirlenmiş ve ortalama H/V spektral oran eğrileri oluşturulmuştur. Böylece, mikrotremor verileri yapılan hesaplamalardan farklı olarak deprem verileri üzerinden de bu parametreler belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarında bazı istasyonların düşük frekanslarında (0-2.0 Hz) yüksek H/V değerleri (3.9-7.2) görülmektedir. Bazı istasyonlarda çoklu pik yapısı gözlenmiştir. En düşük hakim frekans değeri 0.25 Hz ve en yüksek H/V oranı 9.10 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları derin sediman yapısına sahip Eskişehir ili için deprem tehlike değerlendirme çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacaktır.
Acil Durum ve Afetler İçin Destek İl Atanması ve Alternatif Güzergâh Seçimi: Kocaeli İlinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: Altın Beyza , Özer Buket , Güven Emel , Eren Tamer
Published: June 2024

Afetlerde insanlar maddi, manevi büyük kayıplar yaşamaktadırlar. Afet sonrasında, ulaşım yollarında büyük hasarların oluştuğu ve afet bölgesine ulaşımın zorlaştığı görülmektedir. Afet bölgesindeki afetzedelere yardımların hızla ulaştırılmasına çözüm odaklı bakılarak, belirlenen farklı ve güvenli rotalardan bölgeye gidilmesiyle ulaşımdaki karmaşıklığın önüne geçilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, Kocaeli ili Darıca ilçesi için afet sonrası bölgeye ulaşımda alternatif güzergâh seçimi ve destek il atama problemi ele alınmıştır. Bu problem, Kocaeli İl Afet Risk Azaltma Planı-IRAP 2021’de yer alan en kötü deprem senaryosu kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Seçilen deprem senaryosunda atanan iller değerlendirilmiş ve yetersiz kalabilecekleri durumlar göz önünde bulundurularak yeni destek iller sıralanmıştır. Sıralanan destek illere göre alternatif güzergâhların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation), TOPSIS (Technique For Order Preference By Similarity To An Ideal Solution), yöntemleri kullanılmıştır.
Depremlerin Uluslararası Ticaret Üzerine Etkisi: 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremleri Örneği
Authors: Ateş Erdem
Published: June 2024

6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş ilinde Türkiye tarihinde görülen en büyük depremler arasında yer alan iki deprem yaşanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, bu depremin bölgenin ihracat ve ithalatını nasıl etkilediğini belirlemektir. Çalışmada Türkiye’nin ve deprem bölgesi ilan edilmiş olan 11 ilin ihracat ve ithalat verileri Ocak 2021- Aralık 2023 dönemi için aylık olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bölgenin dış ticaret verileri öncelikle betimsel olarak, sonrasında depremin yapısal kırılmaya neden olup olmadığı belirleyebilmek için Bai ve Perron testi ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, depremin hem ihracatta hem de ithalatta bir yapısal kırılmaya neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Deprem sonrasında ihracat hızla deprem öncesi düzeylerine dönmüş, ithalatta ise benzer bir toparlanma görülmemiştir.
Afet İskân Alanlarının Mekânsal Uygunluklarının ve Kapasitelerinin Değerlendirilmesi-Kırklareli Örneği
Authors: Kuru Azem , Özkök Mete Korhan , Özyetgin Altun Ayşe , Begen Büşra
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada planlanan afet iskân alanlarının yer seçim ve kapasite değerlendirmeleri Kırklareli ili örneğinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı tarafından Kırklareli ili için hazırlanmış Çevre düzeni planında önerilen 21 adet afet iskân alanının mekânsal uygunluk durumu kullanıcı konforu, ikincil afetlerden etkilenme, ekonomik maliyetler ve ekolojik hassasiyet başlıklarında belirlenen toplam 27 kriter dikkate alınarak tartışılmıştır. Kapasite uygunlukları hem mevcut yerleşme nüfusları hem de projeksiyon yıl nüfusları bazında irdelenmiştir. Buna göre 21 adet iskân alanından 18 adedinin mekânsal uygunluk durumunun seçili kriterler bağlamında yeterlilik taşımadığı tespit edilmiştir. Planda belirlenen alanların kişi başı 45 m2 standardını sağlamadığı, projeksiyon yıl için ise kişi başı 15 m2 ile bu değerin çok altında kaldığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarının Kırklareli ve diğer bölgeler için afet sonrası barınma alanlarının belirlenmesinde yönlendirici olması beklenmektedir.