bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUKU STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI (DILENGKAPI DENGAN 60 MODEL & 20 METODE PEMBELAJARAN)
Authors: AKHIRUDDIN  , Akhiruddin S.Pd. , ROSNATANG
Published: September 2020

Strategi pembelajaran merupakan rencana tindakan (rangkaian kegiatan) termasuk penggunaan model, metode dan pemanfaatan berbagai sumber daya/kekuatan untuk mencapai tujuan. Strategi pembelajaran sosiologi dalam dunia pendidikan bersifat positif, artinya pembelajaran sosiologi dimaksudkan untuk menggugah daya nalar, logis dan daya kritis mahasiswa/peserta didik terhadap fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi di lingkungannya maupun masyarakat. Sosiologi merupakan ilmu yang berkembang sejalan dengan perkembangan masyarakat yang menjadi objek kajiannya. bahwa sosiologi merupakan refleksi dari keadaan masyarakat yang sedang berubah dan teori-teori yang dihasilkannya merupakan hasil dari keadaan masyarakat itu sendiri. Pengajaran sosiologi di sekolah menengah maupun di perguruan tinggi berfungsi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik, mengaktualisasikan potensi diri mereka dalam mengambil dan mengungkapkan status serta peran masing-masing dalam kehidupan sosial dan budaya yang terus mengalami perubahan. Sebagian orang tidak mengetahui apa itu ilmu sosiologi. Minimnya pengetahuan orang akan sosiologi membuat banyak orang salah persepsi tentang sosiologi. Sosiologi dianggap sama dengan psikologi, sosiologi identik dengan antropologi, dan masih banyak lagi persepsi keliru lainnya. Bahkan tidak jarang, peserta didik kita memiliki pemahaman yang sama dengan pandangan masyarakat awam. Bukan merupakan hal yang mudah bagi pengajar untuk menyajikan desain pembelajaran sosiologi yang menyenangkan peserta didik. Jika guru/dosen sosiologi tersebut menyadari bahwa sesungguhnya laboratorium paling luas dari seluruh ilmu hanya dimiliki oleh sosiologi, yaitu masyarakat, maka alangkah mudah dan menyenangkannya belajar sosiologi. Mari belajar sosiologi dengan berbagai strategi, bahwa strategi pembelajaran bisa diartikan sebagai pola umum kegiatan antara guru atau dosen dan siswa atau mahasiswa dalam suatu kegiatan belajar mengajar untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah digariskan. Pada era yang sudah canggih ini pemakaian istilah strategi dimaksudkan sebagai upaya dalam menciptakan suatu sistem lingkungan yang memungkinkan terjadinya proses mengajar. Atau bahasa krennya strategi berarti pilihan pola dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar yang digunkan untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran yang efektif. Agar tujuan pengajaran yang telah dirumuskan dapat dicapai secara maksimal, seorang pengajar (guru/dosen) di tuntut untuk memiliki kemampuan mengatur secara umum komponen-komponen pengajaran sedemikian rupa sehingga terjalin keterkaitan fungsi antara isi komponen pengajaran tersebut.
PENTINGNYA PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT TENTANG TAHAPAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN TRIAGE DI IGD
Authors: Syah Maranti
Published: September 2020

Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) adalah unit krusial yang berperan sebagai gerbang utama dalam penanganan kasus kegawat daruratan. Kesalahan pada saat pengambilan keputusan, apalagi salah dalam pengkategorian pasien dapat berakibat fatal sehingga bisa menyebabkan keterlambatan pengobatan dan ketidakmampuan serta cacat permanen bagi pasien. Pentingnya perawat mengetahi tahapan pengambilan keputusan agar pada saat pengambilan keputusan klinis tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam melakukan pemilahan saat triage sehingga dalam penangan pasien bisa lebih optimal dan terarah. Tujuan: untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perawat tentang pentingnya mengetahui tahapan pengambilan keputusan agar perawat tidak salah dalam pengambilan keputusan triage di Instalagi Gawat Darurat (IGD). Metode: metode yang dilakukan adalah literatur review melalui sumber buku dan jurnal untuk mengidentifikasi pentingnya perawat mengetahui tahapan pengambilan keputusan dimana pengambilan keputusan memiliki kaitan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan triage di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD). Hasil: Perawat mengetahui tentang tahapan pengambilan keputusan.
Diagnosa Keperawatan Dalam Asuhan Keperawatan
Authors: Sabrina Adelia
Published: September 2020

Diagnosa Keperawatan adalah suatu penilaian klinis mengenai respon klien terhadap masalah kesehatan atau proses kehidupan yang dialaminya baik yang berlangsung aktual maupun potensial. Diagnosa keperawatan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi respon klien individu, keluarga dan komunitas terhadap situasi yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan.
pentingnya perawat melakukan dokumentasi pengkajian yang akurat kepada pasien baru
Authors: ginting khairunnisa
Published: September 2020

Dokumentasi pengkajian keperawatan merupakan catatan tentang hasil pengkajian yang dilaksanakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi dari pasien, membuat data dasar tentang pasien, dan membuat catatan tentang respons kesehatan pasien. Pengkajian yang komprehensif atau menyeluruh, sistematis yang logis akan mengarah dan mendukung pada identifikasi masalah-masalah pasien. Masalah-masalah ini dengan menggunakan data penkajian sebagai dasar formulasi yang dinyatakan sebagai diagnosa keperawatan.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENINGKATAN KARAKTER DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR ANAK MELALUI PENDIDIKAN NON FORMAL (STUDI KASUS DI BIMBINGAN BELAJAR ALJABAR)
Authors: Soviana
Published: September 2020

Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai pembelajaran non formal di bimbingan belajar dalam rangka mengembangkan karakter dan motivasi belajar anak. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Proses pembelajaran yang diselenggarakan selama pelaksanaan program bimbingan belajar ;(2) Hasil perkembangan karakter dan motivasi anak yang diperoleh oleh anak selama menempuh bimbingan belajar. Responden penelitian ini adalah 15 orang anak siswa SD. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik penelitian kualitatif. Alat pengumpul data penelitian menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Proses pembelajaran yang diselenggarakan selama pelaksanaan program bimbingan belajar dapat membantu menumbuhkan karakter dan motivasi siswa; (2) Hasil motivasi yang diperoleh anak setelah mengikuti kegiatan bimbingan belajar meningkat.
Konsep Perencanaan Keperawatan Untuk Meningkatkan Asuhan Keperawatan
Authors: Asyiah Novita
Published: September 2020

Perencanaan merupakan usaha sadar dan pengambilan keputusan yang telah diperhitungkan secara matang-matang tentang hal-hal yang akan dikerjakan di masa depan oleh organisasi dalam rangka pencapaian tujuan yang telah ditentukan. Asuhan keperawatan merupakan proses atau rangkaian yang penting dalam pelaksanaan atau kegiatan pada praktik keperawatan yang ditujukan secara langsung pada pasien beradasarkan masalah kesehatan yang dialaminya di pelayanan kesehatan. Keperawatan sebagai salah satu bentuk pelayanan profesional merupakan bagian integral yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari upaya pelayanan kesehatan secara keseluruhan. Perawat dalam melaksanakan pelayananannya menggunakan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan pasien dan keluarga dan memberikan perawatan yang profesional. Dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan, perawat menggunakan proses keperawatan dengan lima tahapan karena dengan menggunakan proses keperawatan, asuhan menjadi komprehensif. Perencanaan asuhan keperawatan merupakan kunci dari continuity of care.
METODE BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN YANG TEPAT SECARA KLINIS UNTUK PROFESSIONALISME PERAWAT
Authors: Zebua Friderikus
Published: September 2020

Perawat merupakan salah satu komponen vital dalam dunia kesehatan karena perawat yang pertama kali menjalin kontak dengan klien dan yang terlama bersama klien terkhusus untuk klien yang harus dirawat inap dan klien yang harus selalu dipantau. Perawat juga disebut sebagai profesi kesehatan yang terpenting dirumah sakit selain karna jumlahnya yang lebih dominan, Sehingga setiap upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit harus juga disertai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan .Pelayanan keperawatan yang bermutu dan professional andmerupakan harapan semua orang sehingga rumah sakit sebagai penyedia layanan keperawatan dituntut untuk selalu meningkatkan mutu pelayanannya. Ada tiga area tanggung jawab mutu dalam pelayanan keperawatan yang harus menjadi perhatian utama pada setiap organisasi keperawatan yaitu pasien, praktisi, dan profit/ pembiayaan. Untuk area pasien, mutu digambarkan dengan asuhan keperawatan, praktisi digambarkan dengan penampilan kinerja perawat, serta profit digambarkan dengan pembiayaan keperawatan
FXYD6 is differentially expressed in non-small cell lung cancer and associates with patient survival.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2020

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States (1). We mined published microarray data (2, 3, 4) to identify differentially expressed genes in NSCLC. We found that FXYD6 was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in tumors from patients with NSCLC as compared to the lung. FXYD6 expression was significantly decreased in NSCLC tumors as compared to the lung, and lower expression of FXYD6 in patient tumors was significantly associated with worse overall survival. FXYD6 may be important for initiation or progression of non-small cell lung cancer in humans.
Berpikir Kritis dalam Pengambilan Keputusan pada Asuhan Keperawatan
Authors: Harahap Fara Diba Salsabila
Published: September 2020

Berpikir kritis dapat diartikan sebagai upaya seseorang untuk memeriksa kebenaran dari suatu informasi menggunakan ketersediaan bukti, logika, dan kesadaran akan bias (Halpern, 1998; Larsson, 2017). Pengambilan keputusan merupakan suatu proses yang mencakup semua penilaian kegiatan yang diperlukan guna membuktikan dan meperlihatkan pilihan terbaik dalam menyelesaiakan suatu masalah tertentu. Hariyati (2014) mengatakan bahwa dalam pengambilan keputusan yang tepat tentunya harus didasari dengan kemampuan seorang perawat dalam berfikir secara kritis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini yaitu menggunakan literature riview atau studi pustaka berdasarkan teks book.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pengambilan Keputusan dalam Keperawatan
Authors: Tamara Josephine
Published: September 2020

Proses pengambilan keputusan klinis merupakan komponen penting dalam proses keperawatan (Diana Catarina, 2009). Pengambilan keputusan dalam praktik klinik keperawatan dipahami sebagai serangkaian keputusan yang dibuat oleh perawat dalam interaksinya dengan pasien mengenai jenis pengamatan yang akan dilakukan dalam situasi yang di alami klien (pengkajian keperawatan), perumusan diagnosa keperawatan, rencana tindakan keperawatan yang harus diambil, tindakan keperawatan yang akan diambil serta evaluasi (Dianan Catarina. 2009, Jan Florin. 2007, Mehee, 2014). Pengambilan keputusan yang dilakukan oleh perawat berhubungan erat dengan faktor tingkat pendidikan, lama bekerja dan pengalaman, kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam konsistensi dan akurasi dalam membuat keputusan, dan pengetahuan perawat. Kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pengetahuan perawat yang tinggi dapat membantu mengambil keputusan terhadap asuhan keperawatan mana yang paling efektif sesuai dengan kondisi masing-masing pasien.
BERFIKIR KRITIS DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PADA ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Asyla Jihan
Published: September 2020

Berpikir kritis memiliki kaitan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan dan penilaian klinis yang akan menjadi penentu pemberian asuhan keperawatan yang berkualitas. Oleh karena itu, seorang Perawat wajib berpikir secara kritis dalam praktik keperawatannya. Tujuan : untuk mengetahui hubungan berpikir kritis dalam proses pengambilan keputusan, sehingga nantinya berguna bagi perawat karena dengan mudah untuk mengambil keputusan dalam menetapkan suatu kondisi yang dialami oleh pasien. Metode : Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review. Dengan melakukan analisis dan kajian bebas pada jurnal, e-book, maupun buku teks yang berkaitan dengan materi pembelajaran yaitu bepikir kritis dimana berpikir kritis memiliki kaitan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Hasil : Pada literature review didapatkan hasil bahwa untuk meningkatkan cara berpikir kritis sebelum mengambil keputusan dalam asuhan keperawatan, sehingga apa yang didapatkan ataupun diberikan akan maksimal dan jauh lebih baik. Kesimpulan : Untuk mengambil suatu keputusan pun perawat tidak boleh asal-asalan harus memperhatikan banyak hal yang nantinya akan menjadi keputusan yg terbaik.
KELENGKAPAN PENGETAHUAN PENDOKUMENTASIAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: ardiansyah muhammad anggi
Published: September 2020

Asuhan keperawatan merupakan proses atau rangkaian kegiatan pada praktik keperawatan yang diberikan secara langsung kepada klien diberbagai tatanan pelayanan kesehatan yang dilaksanakan berdasarkan kaidah-kaidah keperawatan sebagai suatu profesi yang berdasarkan ilmu dan kiat keperawatan, bersifat humanistik dan berorientasi pada kebutuhan objektif klien untuk mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi klien. Salah satu bagian yang terpenting dari asuhan keperawatan adalah pendokumentasian.
Gambaran Berpikir Kritis Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Pada Pelaksanaan Keperawatan
Authors: 014 Nadia Febriani br Barus
Published: September 2020

gambaran berpikir kritis dalam pengambilan keputusan pada pelaksanaan keperawatan sangat diperlukan dalam keperawatan. Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis akan meningkatkan kualitas asuhan keperawatan. Berfikir meliputi proses yang tidak statis, berubah setiap saat. Berfikir kritis dalam keperawatan adalah komponen dasar dalam pertanggunggugatan profesional dan kualitas asuhan keperawatan. Berpikir kritis merupakan jaminan yang terbaik bagi perawat mencapai sukses dalam berbagai aktifitas dan merupakan suatu penerapan profesionalisme serta pengetahuan tekhnis atau keterampilan tekhnis dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan. Proses berpikir kritis meliputi memahami, mengevaluasi, mempertanyakan maupun menjawab, membangun pertanyaan yang merupakan pemicu proses berkelanjutan untuk mencari jawaban dngan kemungkinan ada jawaban atau tidak terdapat jawaban. Ada 4 hal pokok penerapan berfikir kritis dalam keperawatan, yaitu:1. Penggunaan bahasa dalam keperawatanBerfikir kritis adalah kemampuan menggunakan bahasa secara reflektif. perawat menggunakan bahasa verbal dan nonverbal dalam mengekspresikan idea, fikiran, info, fakta, perasaan, keyakinan dan sikapnya terhadap klien, sesama perawat, profesi. Secara nonverbal saat melakukan pedokumentasian keperawatan.2. Argumentasi dalam keperawatanSehari-hari perawat dihadapkan pada situasi harus berargumentasi untuk menemukan, menjelaskan kebenaran, mengklarifikasi isu, memberikan penjelasan, mempertahankan terhadap suatu tuntutan/tuduhan. Badman and Badman (1988) argumentasi terkait dengan konsep berfikir dalam keperawatan berhubungan dengan situasi perdebatan, upaya untuk mempengaruhi individu ataupun kelompok.3. Pengambilan keputusan dalam keperawatanssSehari-hari perawat harus mengambil keputusan yang tepat.4. Penerapan proses keperawatanPerawat berfikir kritis pada setiap langkah proses keperawatana. Pengkajian: mengumpulkan data, melakukan observasi dalam pengumpulan data berfikir kritis, mengelola dan mengkatagorikan data menggunakan ilmu-ilmu lain.b. Perumusan diagnosa keperawatan: tahap pengambilan keputusan yang paling kritis, menentukan masalah dan dengan argumen yaitu secara rasional.c. Perencanaan keperawatan: menggunakan pengetahuan untuk mengembangkan hasil yang diharapkan, keterampilan guna mensintesa ilmu yang dimiliki untuk memilih tindakan.d. Pelaksanaan keperawatan: pelaksanaan tindakan keperawatan adalkah keterampilan dalam menguji hipotesa, tindakasn nyata yang menentukan tingkat keberhasilan.e. Evaluasi keperawatan: mengkaji efektifitas tindakan, perawat harus dapat mengambil keputusan tentang pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar klien.
Was Einstein in need to impose the stability of the speed of light in the Theory of Special Relativity
Authors: abouzeid mohamed
Published: September 2020

According to Einstein's first hypothesis only, it can be reached to transfer formats Between reference frames in the special theory of relativity
Some Characteristics of Mental Models of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: A Semi-structured Interviews Approach
Authors: Nees Michael , Sharma Nithya , Herwig Karli
Published: September 2020

People construct mental models—internal cognitive representations—when they interact with dynamic systems. The introduction of automation in vehicles has raised concerns about potential negative consequences of inaccurate mental models, yet characteristics of mental models remain difficult to identify. A descriptive study used semi-structured interviews to explore mental models of advanced driver assistance systems (adaptive cruise control, lane keeping assist, and Level 2 systems). Results exposed shortcomings in drivers’ understandings of the hardware, software, and limitations of these systems and also suggested that mental models will affect behavior while using automation. Further, we found that mental models can be influenced by interface feedback (or lack thereof) and limitations experienced. Some drivers attributed purposeful design to aspects of the systems that likely were chosen idiosyncratically or arbitrarily. Our findings offered potentially useful avenues for future research on mental models of automation and corroborated concerns that inaccurate mental models may be common.
Assessing the efficacy of tablet-based simulations for learning pseudo-surgical instrumentation
Authors: Kryklywy James , Roach Victoria , Todd Rebecca M.
Published: September 2020

IntroductionNurses and surgeons must identify and handle specialized instruments with high temporal and spatial precision. It is crucial that they are trained effectively. Traditional methods, including supervised practices and text-based study, can expose patients to undo risk or neglect motor/haptic training respectively. Tablet-based simulations have been proposed to mediate some of these limitations.MethodsWe implement a learning task that simulates surgical instrumentation nomenclature encountered by novice perioperative nurses. Learning was assessed following training in three distinct conditions: tablet-based simulations, text-based study, and real-world practice.ResultsImmediately following a 30 minute training period, instrument identification was performed with comparable accuracy and response times following tablet-based versus text-based training, with both inferior to real-world practice. Following a week without practice, response times were equivalent between real-world and tablet-based practice.ConclusionsWhile tablet-based training does not achieve equivalent results in instrument identification accuracy as real-world practice, more practice repetitions in simulated environments may help reduce performance decline from delayed implementation of learning. This project has established a technological framework to assess how we can implement simulated educational environments in a maximally beneficial manner.
Statistical Significance Filtering Overestimates Effects and Impedes Falsification: A Critique of Endsley (2019)
Authors: Bakdash Jonathan Z , Marusich Laura Ranee , Kenworthy Jared , Twedt Elyssa , Zaroukian Erin
Published: September 2020

Whether in meta-analysis or single experiments, selecting results based on statistical significance leads to overestimated effect sizes, impeding falsification. We critique a quantitative synthesis that used significance to score and select previously published effects for situation awareness-performance associations (Endsley, 2019). How much does selection using statistical significance quantitatively impact results in a meta-analytic context? We evaluate and compare results using significance-filtered effects versus analyses with all effects as-reported. Endsley reported high predictiveness scores and large positive mean correlations but used atypical methods: the hypothesis was used to select papers and effects. Papers were assigned the maximum predictiveness scores if they contained at-least-one significant effect, yet most papers reported multiple effects, and the number of non-significant effects did not impact the score. Thus, the predictiveness score was rarely less than the maximum. In addition, only significant effects were included in Endsley’s quantitative synthesis. Filtering excluded half of all reported effects, with guaranteed minimum effect sizes based on sample size. Results for filtered compared to as-reported effects clearly diverged. Compared to the mean of as-reported effects, the filtered mean was overestimated by 56%. Furthermore, 92% (or 222 out of 241) of the as-reported effects were below the mean of filtered effects. We conclude that outcome-dependent selection of effects is circular, predetermining results and running contrary to the purpose of meta-analysis. Instead of using significance to score and filter effects, meta-analyses should follow established research practices.
Attributions of accidents to “human error” in news stories: Effects on perceived culpability, perceived preventability, and perceived need for punishment.
Authors: Nees Michael , Sharma Nithya , Shore Ava
Published: September 2020

Attributions of the causes of accidents to human error are problematically reductive, yet such attributions persist in media coverage. Few experiments have examined how human error attributions affect people’s perceptions. An experiment compared attributions of accidents to “human error” versus other causes (“mechanical failure,” “technical error,” or “computer error”). Participants (N = 971) from an online sample read one of 50 real news excerpts describing accidents from a broad array of domains (e.g., aviation, automobiles, manufacturing, and infrastructure, among others). Stories kept the same or similar details, with only the causal attribution altered to compare human error to other causes. With human error attributions, participants were in greater agreement with the statement that an individual deserved to be punished for the accident and in less agreement that an organization or company was responsible for the accident. People also perceived past human error accidents to have been more preventable, although ratings of prospective preventability were not significantly different for human error versus other attributions. The idiosyncratic details of particular accidents contributed more variance to perceptions than the causal attribution. The same pattern of results was replicated in a second experiment (N = 1195), and new analyses found no evidence that the relationship between causal attributions and perceptions was moderated by the personal relevance of the news story. Our findings suggested that, when an accident is attributed to human error in media, the public may be less likely to expect examination or mitigation of systemic shortcomings (e.g., in design, organizational practices, etc.) that precipitate accidents.
Parenting Under Pressure: A Mixed-Methods Investigation of the Impact of COVID-19 on Family Life
Authors: Chu Kristen Arianne , Schwartz Chloe , Towner Emily , Kasparian Nadine Angele , Callaghan Bridget
Published: September 2020

Background: Development and implementation of effective family-based intervention and treatment strategies during COVID-19, and future public health crises, will require a detailed understanding of the ways that COVID-19 has affected parents, children, and families. Qualitative and mixed-methods research is an important means of gaining such detailed information, particularly in the early phases of the pandemic, when the research community continues to explore the meaning of this experience. Methods: We employed thematic analysis to identify themes in parents’ and children’s reflective writing about COVID-19, and explored how citation of certain themes mapped onto quantitative measures of distress commonly used in past psychosocial research on pandemics. Data were collected from N = 56 parents and N = 43 children between April to May 2020.Findings: Analysis of parent and child written reports revealed positive and negative thematic content, though parents expressed more positive themes than children. The most common themes identified from parent reports surrounded concerns about the impact of COVID-19 on their children, health concerns for others, and the stressful balancing act of parenting, schooling, and working from home. In addition, many parents reported gratitude for what they had, and reflected on the upsides of the pandemic for family relations. For children, the most common themes identified surrounded missing school and social relationships. When children expressed positive themes, they tended to be more egocentric reflections (e.g. learning to ride a bike). Both parent and child thematic content mapped onto parent-proxy and parent-self reported quantitative dimensions of parent and child distress. Finally, we observed that parents who reflected on gratitude in their written reports exhibited a decrease in negative affect pre- to -post-writing.Interpretation: Both parents and children are suffering from reduced wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly with the burdens imposed by the closure of in-person schooling. The psychosocial impact of the pandemic on families would likely be even greater in magnitude within less advantaged populations. Future research and policy should focus on identifying how to fulfill children’s social needs and lessen the caregiving burdens during this time.
Towards a Network Psychometrics Approach to Assessment: Simulations for Redundancy, Dimensionality, and Loadings
Authors: Christensen Alexander P.
Published: September 2020

Research using network models in psychology has proliferated over the last decade. The popularity of network models has largely been driven by their alternative explanation for the emergence of psychological attributes—observed variables co-occur because they are causally coupled and dynamically reinforce each other, forming cohesive systems. Despite their rise in popularity, the growth of network models as a psychometric tool has remained relatively stagnant, mainly being used as a novel measurement perspective. In this dissertation, the goal is to expand the role of network models in modern psychometrics and to move towards using these models as a tool for the validation of assessment instruments. This paper presents three simulation studies and an empirical example that are designed to evaluate different aspects of the psychometric network approach to assessment: reducing redundancy, detecting dimensions, and estimating loadings. The first simulation evaluated two novel approaches for determining whether items are redundant, which is a key component for the accuracy and interpretation of network measures. The second simulation evaluated several different community detection algorithms, which are designed to detect dimensions in networks. The third simulation evaluated an adapted formulation of the network measure, node strength, and how it compares to factor loadings estimated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the simulations demonstrate that network models can be used as an effective psychometric tool and one that is on par with more traditional methods. Finally, in the empirical example, the methods from the simulations are applied to a real-world dataset measuring personality. This example demonstrated that these methods are not only effective, but they can validate whether an assessment instrument is consistent with theoretical and empirical expectations. With these methods in hand, network models are poised to take the next step towards becoming a robust psychometric tool.
Patients’ Satisfaction regarding Treatment and Perceived Barriers: A Study of Social Health Insurance Scheme in Kaski District
Authors: Ghimire Gita Devi , Paudel Suresh Raj
Published: September 2020

The main objective of this paper is to assess the level of patient satisfaction, to assess barriers faced by users of social health insurance during receiving treatment in the hospital, and to find out the relationship of participants' satisfaction with their selected demographic variables. This paper is a cross-sectional descriptive study and covers 354 samples that were selected by systematic sampling technique. The modified version of Assessment of Patients Satisfaction Scale (SAPS) consisting of seven structured items is used to collect the data through the face to face interview. The results of the study indicated that 158 (44.6%) participants are between the age group of 40-59 years and the majority of them i.e. 232 (65.5%) are females. Out of 354, most of the participants 292 (82.5%) are enrolled in the social health insurance scheme for more than 6 months. The study findings indicated that more than half 186 (52.5%) participants are satisfied, followed by 152 (42.9%) are dissatisfied, and 16(4.5%) of participants are very dissatisfied with the treatment service under the social health insurance respectively. The most common barriers faced by the participants while utilizing the health insurance services are unavailability of necessary drugs, long waiting times, limited opening hours, and complex billing system for insurance patients. Hence, the service availability time should be extended and availability of health personnel, medicines as well as other services should be improved that can increase satisfaction among users of health insurance.
The Representation of Limbus: A Discourse Analysis of Upendra Subba’s “Dumb Hill”
Authors: Rai Jiwan Kumar
Published: September 2020

What is the literary value of representing the culture of common people and making cultural discourse of marginality? For what purpose do the writers represent everyday lives, experiences, and cultural practices of marginalised groups? To answer these questions, this paper attempts to analyse Upendra Subba’s “Dumb Hill,” the title story of the anthology Dumb Hill, aiming to explore the whole way of life of ethnic Limbu people of Panchthar district, the eastern part of Nepal, including their lifestyles, socio-economic conditions, cultural values, and practices. It tries to interpret the purpose of representing everyday lives and cultural practices of common Limbu people. To interpret the text, Michel Foucault’s concept of discourse and power/knowledge, and Stuart Hall’s concept of representation have been applied as the theoretical tools to achieve the objectives of the study. Foucault argues that there is no truth, but truths which are constructed by power/knowledge and defined by the discourse. Discourse produces, constructs and defines a body of knowledge or truths. Hall undertakes the representation as a process and practice of conveying the meaning using the material objects or images, which are selected and constituted by power. In this sense, representation is a cultural product rather than an autonomous process of constructing a meaning. From this light, the story as a cultural discourse of marginality produces and defines overshadowed body of knowledge about ethnic Limbu people through discursive representation of Limbu people, and their distinctive cultural practices. This study provides a new insight to see and understand Limbu People’s distinctive ways of life that have been ignored and unheard in the dominant literary discourses.
Non-Cardiac Thoracic Surgical and Endovascular Perioperative MACE: Quick, Easy Prediction and Mitigation Strategy
Authors: L. Murray Gary
Published: September 2020

This article is the second of the two part series focusing on predicting and reducing perioperative major adverse cardiac events (MACE) resulting from the procedures cardiothoracic surgeons perform. The first addressed cardiac surgery. This article addresses non-cardiac procedural complications
Covid-19: When The Misinformation Is Spreading Faster Than The Virus
Authors: Jayaraj Joshua Chadwick , Mahalingam Divya , Ganesan Geevaprabhakaran
Published: September 2020

Globally, as on March 17, 2020, 179 111 confirmed cases along with 7426 deaths have been reported. One of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) strategic objectives for this response is to communicate critical risk and event information to all and counter misinformation. We, therefore, aimed to highlight the key information issued by the WHO on preventive measures. Human-to-human transmissions have been described with incubation period between 2-10 days, facilitating its spread via droplets, contaminated hands or surfaces. In many instances, COVID-19 infection will cause mild respiratory illness including a runny nose, sore throat, fever, and cough, however, it can cause severe illness and, in some people, it can be fatal especially in elderly, and those with pre-existing medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, hypertension or diabetes. The re-estimated mortality rate for China is 5.6 % and 15.2% elsewhere.
Technical and radiographic considerations for magnetic resonance imaging–guided focused ultrasound capsulotomy
Authors: Davidson Benjamin , Mithani Karim , Huang Yuexi , Jones Ryan M. , Goubran Maged , Meng Ying , Snell John , Hynynen Kullervo , Hamani Clement , Lipsman Nir
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

Magnetic resonance imaging–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is an emerging treatment modality that enables incisionless ablative neurosurgical procedures. Bilateral MRgFUS capsulotomy has recently been demonstrated to be safe and effective in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Preliminary evidence has suggested that bilateral MRgFUS capsulotomy can present increased difficulties in reaching lesional temperatures as compared to unilateral thalamotomy. The authors of this article aimed to study the parameters associated with successful MRgFUS capsulotomy lesioning and to present longitudinal radiographic findings following MRgFUS capsulotomy.

METHODS

Using data from 22 attempted MRgFUS capsulotomy treatments, the authors investigated the relationship between various sonication parameters and the maximal temperature achieved at the intracranial target. Lesion volume and morphology were analyzed longitudinally using structural and diffusion tensor imaging. A retreatment procedure was attempted in one patient, and their postoperative imaging is presented.

RESULTS

Skull density ratio (SDR), skull thickness, and angle of incidence were significantly correlated with the maximal temperature achieved. MRgFUS capsulotomy lesions appeared similar to those following MRgFUS thalamotomy, with three concentric zones observed on MRI. Lesion volumes regressed substantially over time following MRgFUS. Fractional anisotropy analysis revealed a disruption in white matter integrity, followed by a gradual return to near-baseline levels concurrent with lesion regression. In the patient who underwent retreatment, successful bilateral lesioning was achieved, and there were no adverse clinical or radiographic events.

CONCLUSIONS

With the current iteration of MRgFUS technology, skull-related parameters such as SDR, skull thickness, and angle of incidence should be considered when selecting patients suitable for MRgFUS capsulotomy. Lesions appear to follow morphological patterns similar to what is seen following MRgFUS thalamotomy. Retreatment appears to be safe, although additional cases will be necessary to further evaluate the associated safety profile.
Long-term impact of obesity on patient-reported outcomes and patient satisfaction after lumbar spine surgery: an observational study
Authors: Park Christine , Garcia Alessandra N. , Cook Chad , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Gottfried Oren N.
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

Obese body habitus is a challenging issue to address in lumbar spine surgery. There is a lack of consensus on the long-term influence of BMI on patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction. This study aimed to examine the differences in patient-reported outcomes over the course of 12 and 24 months among BMI classifications of patients who underwent lumbar surgery.

METHODS

A search was performed using the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) Spine Registry from 2012 to 2018 to identify patients who underwent lumbar surgery and had either a 12- or 24-month follow-up. Patients were categorized based on their BMI as normal weight (≤ 25 kg/m2), overweight (25–30 kg/m2), obese (30–40 kg/m2), and morbidly obese (> 40 kg/m2). Outcomes included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the visual analog scale (VAS) for back pain (BP) and leg pain (LP), and patient satisfaction was measured at 12 and 24 months postoperatively.

RESULTS

A total of 31,765 patients were included. At both the 12- and 24-month follow-ups, those who were obese and morbidly obese had worse ODI, VAS-BP, and VAS-LP scores (all p < 0.01) and more frequently rated their satisfaction as “I am the same or worse than before treatment” (all p < 0.01) compared with those who were normal weight. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the BMI cutoffs for predicting worsening disability and surgery dissatisfaction were 30.1 kg/m2 and 29.9 kg/m2 for the 12- and 24-month follow-ups, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Higher BMI was associated with poorer patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction at both the 12- and 24-month follow-ups. BMI of 30 kg/m2 is the cutoff for predicting worse patient outcomes after lumbar surgery.
PENGARUH REMUNERASI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN TERBUKA KELAS II B PASAMAN, KAB. PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Putra Endang Tirtana , Rezki Abdi
Published: September 2020

This study applies multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS Version 16.0 program. To get estimate and good interpretation of this study, the samples studied are set to 32 respondents. Data are collected through a questionnaire to measure quantitative variables with a Likert scale. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between independent variables on dependent variable, and it can be explained that: (1) Remuneration variable does not have significant impact on employee performance, with a regression coefficient of 0.181 and significant rate 0.104 (> 0.05). (2) Motivation variable has significant impactt on employee performance with a regression coefficient of 0.559 and significant rate 0,000 (<0.05). (3) Independent variables simultaneously have significant impact on employee performance with regression coefficient of 1.094 and significant rate 0.000 (<0.05). R² value shows 0.589 or 58.9%. Employee performance variable is affected by Remuneration and Motivation Variables and the remaining 41.1% is affected by other variables.Keywords : Remuneration, Motivation and Performance
PENGARUH PERSEPSI KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP KREATIVITAS DOSEN DENGAN EFIKASI DIRI KREATIF SEBAGAI PEMEDIASI
Authors: Azliyanti Elfitra , Jadmiko Purbo , Utami Wiry
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aims to identify and analyze the role of perception of transformational leadership and creative self-efficacy of employee (lecturer) creativity. The research methodology used is explanatory research through hypothesis testing. The object and population of this study are Bung Hatta University Lecturers. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with sample criteria was Bung Hatta University Lecturer who had working period  more than 1 (one) year (n = 170). The data analysis technique in this study use SEM-PLS (Smart PLS). This study consists of three hypotheses and the research results obtained from the study of perceptions of transformational leadership has no effect on employee creativity, Creative self-efficacy has a positive effect on employee creativity and creative self-efficacy mediates the relationship of perception of transformational leadership on employee creativity.Keywords : perception of transformational leadership, employee creativity , Creative self-efficacy
THE EFFECT OF THE CHARACTER QUOTES STRATEGY ON THE STUDENTSâ€™ READING ABILITY
Authors: Rosmiyati Evi
Published: September 2020

The problem in this study â€œIs there any significant effect of the application of Character Quotes Strategy on the students reading ability on narrative text to the eighth grade students of PGRI junior high school of Tebedakâ€. The objective of the study was to find out whether or not there were significant effect of the application of Character Quotes Strategy on the students reading ability on narrative text to the eighth grade students of PGRI junior high school of Tebedak. The population was the eighth grade students of PGRI junior high school of Tebedak. The sample was 30 students chosen by using purposive sampling. The method used in this study was the poor experimental method. In collecting the data, the writer used written test consisted of 40 items in the form of multiple choice tests. The written test was used to collect the data and analyzed through the matched t-test. Based on the studentsâ€™ scores, it is found that it is significant effect of the application of Character Quotes Strategy on the students reading ability on narrative text to the eighth grade students of PGRI Junior High School of Tebedak. The studentsâ€™ achievement can be seen from the average of their score in pre-test it was 56.33 and the average score of post-test was 74.58. The t-obtain 14.919 exceeding 1.699 as it is critical value. In indicated that the Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. It means that it was significant effect of the application of Character Quotes Strategy on the students reading ability on narrative text to the eighth grade students of PGRI Junior High School of Tebedak.Â Keywords: teaching reading, narrative texts, Character Quotes Strategy
TEACHING LISTENING COMPREHENSION BY USING INTERACTIVE LISTENING CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE
Authors: Herlina Herlina , Marleni Marleni
Published: September 2020

The problem of the research discussed in this study â€œIs it effective to teach listening comprehension by using interactive listening classroom to the first semester students of I.b class of English Education Study Program-PGRI University Palembang?â€ Based on the problem, the writerâ€™s objective of the study was to find out whether or not it is effective to teach listening by using interactive listening classroom performance to the first semester students of I.b class of English Education Study Program-PGRI University Palembang. In this study, the method was used the pre experimental design with the one group pre-test and post-test. The population of this study was the first semester students of English Education Study Program-PGRI University Palembang. The sample of this study was Ib consisted of 34 students the sample was taken by using purposive non random sampling the data were collected and analyzed by means of two statistical analyses, Matched t-test and percentage analysis. The finding of this study showed that the average score in pre-test was 51.91 and the average score in post-test was 84.11, the result of matched t- test was 14.70, which exceeded the critical value ( 1.697 ). It means that null hypotheses (Ho) was rejected and alternative hypotheses (Ha) was accepted. So teaching listening comprehension by using interactive listening classroom performance was effective.
THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MUHAMMADIYAH VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 2 OF PALEMBANG TOWARDS LEARNING WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS THROUGH CONTENT-BASED INSTRUCTION (CBI)
Authors: Muhammad Ammarullah , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Hermansyah Hermansyah
Published: September 2020

The problem of this study was â€œHow are students perspective of writing descriptive text through content-based instruction (CBI)?â€. Therefore, the objective of this study was to know the perspective of the students learning writing descriptive texts through content-based instruction. This study applied qualitative method. The population of this study was the tenth grade students of accountant 1 class in the academic year of 2019/2020 with the total of 30 students taken by using purposive sampling. The data were collected by using questionnaire, and were analyzed into interpretation. Based on the interpretation of students perspective of content-based instruction, the students said that content-based instruction could Â help them to improve their ability to write descriptive text.Keywords: Perspective, Writing, Descriptive Texts, and Content-Based Instruction.
TEACHING READING NARRATIVE TEXT THROUGH ANCHORED INSTRUCTION STRATEGY TO THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF STATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 46 OF PALEMBANG
Authors: Indriani Riza Yoga
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to find out whether or not there was any significant difference between students who taught by using Anchored Instruction Strategy to the eighth grade students of State Junior High School 46 of Palembang. This research was conducted by using quasi-experimental design, that is, pretest posttest non equivalent control group design that compare 2 groups of the students. The population consisted of 276 students from the eight classes of State Junior High School 46 of Palembang in academic year 2017/2018. The sample of the study was selecting by purposive sampling involving 62 students as the sample. Thirty one students were in the experimental group and thirty one students in the control group. To collect the data, a written test in multiple choice was used. The written test was administered twice as pretest and posttest. the result of the test analyzed by using t-test (paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. In this study, the value of t-obtained was higher than the value of t-table (7.93 > 1.697) consequently the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. In conclusion, the use of Anchored Instruction Strategy was effective in teaching reading of the eighth grade students in improving reading comprehension achievement, particularly narrative paragragph.
Experimental study on biological damage in bone in vibrational drilling
Authors: Alam Khurshid , Iqbal Muhammad , Umer Jamal , Amjad Muhammad , Al-Ghaithi Ahmed
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Drilling is a well-known mechanical operation performed for fixing fracture at required locations in bone. The process may produce mechanical and thermal alterations in the structure of the bone and surrounding tissues leading to irreversible damage known as osteonecrosis. OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to measure the level of biological damage in bone when a drill assisted by low and high levels of vibrations is penetrated into bone tissue. METHODS: Histopathology examination of sections of bones has been performed after drilling the bone using a range of vibrational frequency and rotational speed imposed on the drill with and without supply of saline for cooling. RESULTS: Cell damage in bone was caused by the combined effect of drill speed and frequency of vibrations. Histopathology examination revealed more damage to bone cells when a frequency higher than 20 kHz was used in the absence of cooling. Cooling the drilling region helped minimize cell damage more at a shallow depth of drilling compared to deep drilling in the cortex of cortical bone. The contribution of cooling in minimizing cell damage was higher with a lower drill speed and frequency compared to a higher drill speed and frequency. CONCLUSION: Vibrational drilling using a lower drill speed and frequency below 25 kHz in the presence of cooling was found to be favorable for safe and efficient drilling in bone.