bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychoanalytical Interpretation of the Intersex Relations in S. Protsyuk's Novel «Infection»
Authors: Melniichuk Vladyslav
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the artistic world of the S. Protsyuk’s novel “Infection” The selected a priori schemes-matrices in the research help to find the complexes around which the author's imagination begins to work and to create the artistic world of the future work. The partially explained process of formation of the writer's novels helped to outline certain unconscious components and supplanted desires of the artist. The analysis of the character's dreams, his fantasies and visions reveals to the recipient the undisguised archetype of the writer's Anima. The considering hero’s unconscious states around this matrix explain us several complexes. The identified features make it possible to assert their presence in creator’s person.
Our creative search involves the explanation of the intersex relations of the characters with the help of the archetype of Anima, which forces the person to unconscious actions. It includes: attraction to persons of the opposite sex, neurotic perception of reality, donjuanism, the emergence of fantasies and dreams, which opens a broader picture of the psyche of the individual. This archetype often finds its expression in the work and is clearly manifested in the love lines of the novel, so it would be wrong to ignore it.
The comparison of the features of the protagonist's wife and his mother shows us the similarity and correspondence of the heroines. Analysis of the dreams and fantasies of the hero indicates that the hero lived at the expense of women. This statement is confirmed by the interpretation of the following dreams and fantasies in the article. The consideration of the childhood reveals to us the main reason for the betrayal of the hero, because there we find two complexes: the Oedipus complex and the Mother complex. The detected complexes become the cause of neurotic perception of reality and unstable psyche.
Detection of Pratylenchus zeae and P. brachyurus parasitizing plants from the caatinga biome, Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Souza Junior Francisco Jorge Carlos , Assunção Mayara Castro
Published: February 2021

Roots of plants characteristic of the Brazilian caatinga showing necrosis symptoms were observed in Iguatu, CE, Brazil. To identify the species, morphological characterization was performed, through the morphometry of females, and molecular analysis of the ITS and 28S rDNA regions. The nematodes Pratylenchus zeae and P. brachyurus were identified as causal agents, confirming pathogenicity by Koch postulates. This is the first report of P. zeae and P. brachyurus in caaatinga plants in the state of Ceará, Brazil.
Ab initio study of structural, elastic and thermodynamic properties of Fe3S at high pressure: Implications for planetary cores
Authors: Valencia Karen , De Moya Aldemar , Morard Guillaume , Allan Neil L. , Pinilla Carlos
Published: February 2021

Using density functional theory electronic structure calculations, the equation of state, thermodynamic and elastic properties, and sound wave velocities of Fe3S at pressures up to 250 GPa have been determined. Fe3S is found to be ferromagnetic at ambient conditions but becomes non-magnetic at pressures above 50 GPa. This magnetic transition changes the c/a ratio leading to more isotropic compressibility, and discontinuities in elastic constants and isotropic sound velocities. Thermal expansion, heat capacity, and Grüneisen parameters are calculated at high pressures and elevated temperatures using the quasiharmonic approximation. We estimate Fe-Fe and Fe-S force constants, which vary with Fe environment, as well as the 56Fe/54Fe equilibrium reduced partition function in Fe3S and compare these results with recently reported experimental values. Finally, our calculations under the conditions of the Earth’s inner core allow us to estimate a S content of 2.7 wt% S, assuming the only components of the inner core are Fe and Fe3S, a linear variation of elastic properties between end-members Fe and Fe3S, and that Fe3S is kinetically stable. Possible consequences for the core-mantle boundary of Mars are also discussed.
Fluorine partitioning between quadrilateral clinopyroxenes and melt
Authors: Baker Don R. , Callegaro Sara , De Min Angelo , Whitehouse Martin J. , Marzoli Andrea
Published: February 2021

Concentrations of fluorine and chlorine were measured in glasses (quenched melts) and coexisting clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, olivine, and plagioclase in run products of experiments previously used to measure sulfur partitioning between these phases. The partitioning of F between clinopyroxene and silicate melt was determined in 13 experiments at a variety of pressures, temperatures, and melt compositions ranging from basaltic to dacitic (49 to 66 wt% SiO2) at 0.8 to 1.2 GPa and 1000 to 1240 °C, at hydrous and anhydrous conditions. Additionally, we determined the crystal-melt partitioning of F for 4 experiments with plagioclase, 2 with orthopyroxene, and 1 with olivine. Although Cl was also measured in the experiments, the concentrations in the crystals are close to background concentration levels. The partition coefficients of fluorine between clinopyroxene and melt varied from ~0.09 to 0.29 and were linearly dependent upon the concentration of aluminum in the octahedral M1 site of clinopyroxene. Similar relationships are seen when our results are combined with previous measurements of the fluorine partition coefficient between clinopyroxene and melt, but each study shows its own unique correlation between the F partition coefficient and AlM1. These dissimilarities in correlations with AlM1 are attributed to differing analytical protocols used in the various studies. However, the combined data set demonstrates a linear correlation with AlM1, the inverse of the NBO/T ratio of the melt (T/NBO), pressure and temperature, which can be described as:

l n ⁡ ( D F C p x / L ) = ( 0.2298 ± 0.04847 ) ( T / N B O ) - ( 1.029 ± 0.8045 ) ( A l M 1 ) - ( 3889 ± 1803 ) ( 1 / T ) - ( 0.5472 ± 0.1084 ) ( P ) + 0.5871 ± 1.304 ,

where each uncertainty is 1 standard error in the fit (as calculated by the R-project software), T is in K, and P is in GPa. Although this relationship reproduces 81% of the partitioning data to within 25% (relative), the different linear trends of the partition coefficient, DFCpx/L vs. AlM1 from different laboratories suggest the need for additional investigations and development of clinopyroxene standards with certified fluorine compositions. Nevertheless, we conclude that the self-consistency of each study indicates that F partition coefficients determined using one protocol can be applied to minerals or glasses analyzed using the same protocol and ion microprobe to better understand the storage and transport of fluorine in magmatic systems.
Comparative analysis the performance of electrochemical water softening between high frequency electric fields and direct current electric fields based on orthogonal experimental methods
Authors: Lin Wei , Wang Zhonghao , Wang Wei , Chen Qi , Xu Jianmin , Yu Jiuyang
Published: February 2021

Electrochemical water softening has been widely used in industrial circulating cooling water systems; however, their low deposition efficiency is the main drawback that limits usage in medium to large enterprises. In this work, the effect of different parameters on the hardness removal efficiency and energy consumption of the electrochemical water softening system is experimentally studied, and the performance of water softening applied by high frequency electric fields and direct current electric fields are comparative analyzed. The impact factors of the electrochemical water softening system are as follows: initial feed concentration of solute, magnitude of voltage, inter-electrode distance, area of cathode and frequency of power supply. To improve the analysis efficiency, the L25 (55) orthogonal table is used to investigate the five different factors at five levels. The experimental results are shown that the initial feed concentration of solute is the most significant factor affecting the hardness removal efficiency. The optimal combination for water softening in the group applied by high frequency electric field and direct current electric field are A3B2C1D4E3 and A2B5C3D1 respectively. The energy utilization of the device applied by high frequency electric field is 3.2 times that applied by direct current electric field. The practice shows that direct current electric fields have a better softening effect, and are is more suitable for scaling ion removal. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to observe the flow field induced by the electrolysis and found that the vertical and horizontal velocities of the flow field at low voltage are conducive to the migration of scaled ions to the cathode, and then the electrolytic reaction and deposition reaction synergy effect is the optimal.
About the Approach to the Layering of Legal Regulation Through Municipal Services Provision in the Russian Federation
Authors: Androniak Ivan Aleksandrovich
Published: February 2021

The article proposes an author's approach to the systematization of legal acts governing the provision of municipal services. At the same time, using the approach of A.Yu. Shumilov to the allocation of levels of legal regulation, the author systematized legal acts governing the provision of municipal services according to the following structure: constitutional level (basic) – middle level – detailing level – local level.
Psychological Service in Education
Authors: Anpilova Marina Andreevna , Belous Olga Valerevna
Published: February 2021

Teaching and learning an academic discipline aimed at training and development of students, mastering a system of ideas about the content and structure of the psychological service in the education system, the legal basis for activities of the service, the main types and directions of pedagogic and psychological practical and typical issues within the competence of his work. The study of the discipline by students will contribute to the formation of their General and professional worldview, professionally important personal properties and qualities. The academic discipline contributes to the deepening and expansion of the basic professional training of students, as well as takes into account their educational needs.
Issues of Classification of Murder
Authors: Libenzon Evgenii Leonidovich
Published: February 2021

The article examines difficulties which guardians of law and order face during classification of murder, i.e. the classification of attempt of murder of one person and the murder of the other, the combination of finished and unfinished assault. The practical examples are offered. The ways of solving such problems on the examples of accumulated practice and the ways of solving such problems with the help of innovations in the Criminal Code of Russia are illustrated. The practical and historical examples are given.
Forms of Participation of Several Persons in the Commission of Crimes
Authors: Libenzon Evgenii Leonidovich
Published: February 2021

The article reveals the legal nature of complicity in a crime, the objective and subjective signs of complicity, gives a description of complicity, examines the main problems that practitioners face in resolving the problems of criminal law regulation of joint participation in a crime, including the presence in the norms of the Special Part of the Criminal Code RF, provides a legal assessment of the legality of establishing responsibility for certain types of actions of accomplices, whose criminal liability is presented as independent offenses
Role of Geoinformation Expert System in Tasks of Interpretation of Aerospace Information
Authors: Ismatova Khosiiat Radzhabovna
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the problem of increasing the efficiency of processing and interpretation of aerospace information. For this purpose, it is proposed to use artificial intelligence methods such as pattern recognition, neural expert systems, geoinformation technologies. Using the example of constructing a geoinformation expert system for assessing the suitability of lands, a method is shown for integrating a set of data and technologies to reduce time and increase the reliability of interpretation of the results of processing satellite information.
Humanism in the Space of the Philosophical Absolute
Authors: Sabodina Evgenia Petrovna
Published: February 2021

The article shows the development of philosophical thought in the time sequence of changes in philosophical absolutes, the basic features of a human Renaissance in a historical perspective, this definition of man in the modern philosophical absolute, which determines the potential of the person identified the importance of overcoming destructive tendencies in modern society.
ENSINO DE ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO À DISTÂNCIA, REMOTO, HÍBRIDO
Authors: REIS DE GOES MONTEIRO ANA MARIA
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho é fruto da participação da autora na II Roda de Conversa Virtual, organizada pelo grupo de Pesquisa Projetar da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) e ocorrida no dia 24 de setembro de 2020. O objetivo é apresentar um quadro das condições do ensino de graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo no Brasil. 

A pandemia da Covid 19 expôs de forma irreversível as mazelas sociais brasileiras, a desigualdade e a falta de oportunidade a que milhares de estudantes estão submetidos, especialmente aqueles matriculados na extensa malha do ensino superior privado. Com ela, as aulas foram suspensas e o ensino remoto passou a ser uma realidade. Realidade esta que é preciso ver e rever a todo momento, visto que a cidade/sociedade real é o lugar por excelência de aprendizado para nossos alunos, pois não é possível formar Arquitetos e Urbanistas distantes da realidade socioespacial em que vivem.
Treatment Approaches for COVID-19: A Critical Review
Authors: Sodum Nalini , Kumar Gautam , Rao Vanishree , Kumar Nitesh , Rao Chamallamudi Mallikarjuna
Published: February 2021

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was declared as an emerging
global public health concern on 30th January 2020. This novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak
was first identified in Wuhan city, China, which soon affected around 185 countries and territories
all over the world through various transmission mechanisms. To date, no permanent cure has been
found, due to which this pandemic threatens humanity for its very existence.

Objective:

In light of the rising menace, this review aims at providing collective and prominent information
on the current outbreak, covering its origin, structure, transmission, clinical features, potential
treatment approaches, and clinical trial details.

Methods:

The literature published in Scopus and PubMed indexed journals were reviewed, and clinical
trial data was retrieved from the ClinicalTrials.gov database.

Results:

Present review puts forth detailed insights on history, epidemiology, structure, genetic
makeup, reservoirs, entry mechanisms, reproduction capacity, pathogenesis, routes of transmission,
clinical features, diagnostics, the role of chloroquine in treatment, current promising therapies, and
vaccination trials.

Conclusion:

At present, early detection, isolation of infected patients, and supportive care with a few
recently USFDA approved alternative medications are being used as per the standard government
guidelines. Due to insufficient availability of proof regarding current therapies to produce therapeutic
activity against COVID-19, safety precautions, prevention methods, hygiene maintenance and management
therapy with intensive care medicine is the only way to fight this current situation.
Strategies for the Synthesis of Mono- and Bis-Thionaphthoquinones
Authors: de Carvalho Alcione S. , da Rocha David R. , Ferreira Vitor F.
Published: February 2021

The subclass of compounds that have the nucleus 1, 4-naphthoquinone is the most diverse class of
quinones, which have a large number of substances and have useful applications ranging from medicinal chemistry
to application in materials with special properties. The introduction of one or two substituents with the sulfur
heteroatom in the naphthoquinone nucleus generates products containing alkyl and aryl groups that amplify certain
biological properties against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. There are several methods of preparing these compounds,
mainly from low molecular weight naphthoquinones with two electrophilic sites capable of reacting with
sulfides generating diversity and new classes of compounds, including new sulfur heterocycles and sulfur heterocycles
fused with naphthoquinones. These compounds have been shown to be bioactive against several biological
targets. This review will describe the methods of their synthesis and, when applicable, their biological activities.
Applications of Nickel(II) Compounds in Organic Synthesis
Authors: De Surya K.
Published: February 2021

This review article summarizes the applications of nickel(II) compounds in organic synthesis since 2016. In recent years, the field of nickel(II) catalysis is gaining considerable interest due to readily available, low-cost nickel(II)-compounds and several key properties of nickel. This review article is organized by the reaction type, although some reactions can be placed in multiple sections.
Investigation of Prevalence and Complications of Female Genital Circumcision: A Systematic and Meta-analytic Review Study
Authors: Abdoli Sara , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Jenabi Ensiyeh
Published: February 2021

Objective:

The present study was conducted to investigate the complications of circumcision
and determine its prevalence in the studied areas.

Methods:

In this study, the electronic databases of Scopus, PubMed, SID, Web of Science and Magiran
were selected to search the total population of observational studies published in Persian and
English on the prevalence and circumcision complications in girls. The keywords searched for this
purpose were as follows: female genital mutilation, Infibulations, Epidemiologic Methods, Clitorectomies,
Female Circumcision, Clitorectomy, Clitoridectomy Complications, Prevalence, associated
disease, coexistent conditions, and sequels associated with concomitant conditions, and coexistent
disease and their Persian equivalent words. Prevalence estimates of all studies were pooled using a
random-effects model at a confidence level of 95%. The bias in the published results of the studies
and any reporting errors were examined using Begg and Egger’s statistical tests. Out of 3756
studies, 45 articles were included in the study after excluding irrelevant and repetitive articles.

Results:

After reviewing the articles in this field, it was determined that female genital mutilation
has sexual complications, problems during childbirth, physical and psychological complications.
The prevalence of female genital circumcision in the world and Iran in the study areas was obtained
using the random effect model, which was estimated to be 61% (95%, CI = 0.49, 0.73) and
61% (95%, CI = 0.52, 0.70), respectively. In other areas, the prevalence was reported to be close to
zero. In total, among different countries of the world, of the 207,709 participants surveyed,
110,596 had undergone female genital circumcision (110,596 of 207,709).

Conclusion:

The effects of female genital mutilation on girls are high and require government intervention
in various countries.
Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Discrimination of Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Brain Lesions
Authors: Alshammari Qurain T. , Salih Mohammed , Gameraddin Moawia , Yousef Mohamed , Abdelmalik Bushra , Loaz Omer
Published: February 2021

Background:

Differentiation of brain lesions by conventional MRI alone is not enough.
The introduction of sophisticated imaging methods, such as MR Spectroscopy (MRS), will contribute
to accurate differentiation.

Objective:

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of MRS in differentiating neoplasm and non-neoplastic
brain lesion.

Methodology:

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Khartoum State from the period
of 2015 to 2017. Thirty cases with brain lesions were included in the study investigated with
MRS (Single-voxel spectroscopy) and conventional MRI. A comparison of MRS findings and histopathologic
analysis was performed. The ratios of Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA were analyzed and compared
between neoplastic and non-neoplastic brain masses. Data were analyzed using SPSS version
23.

Results:

Out of the 30 patients affected with brain lesions, there were 16 females and 14 males
with a mean age of 44 +- 18 years. The ratios of Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA were higher in gliomas, astrocytoma,
and meningioma than non-neoplastic lesions. Kappa statistical value (K) showed a good
agreement between MRS and histopathological analysis (K= 0.60). The diagnostic accuracy of
MRS was 100%, with 82.60% sensitivity, 85.71% specificity, 95% PPV, and 60% NPV.

Conclusion:

MRS has high diagnostic accuracy in differentiating neoplasm from non-neoplastic
brain tumors. The elevation ratios of Choline-to- N-acetyl aspartate and choline-to- creatine can
help neurosurgeons and clinicians differentiate benign from malignant masses.
Brain Tumor Detection and Classification by Hybrid CNN-DWA Model Using MR Images
Authors: El Kader Isselmou Abd , Xu Guizhi , Shuai Zhang , Saminu Sani
Published: February 2021

Objective:

Medical image processing is an exciting research area. In this paper, we proposed
new brain tumor detection and classification model using MR brain images to help the doctors
in early detection and classification of the brain tumor with high performance and best accuracy.

Materials:

The model was trained and validated using five databases, including BRATS2012,
BRATS2013, BRATS2014, BRATS2015, and ISLES-SISS 2015.

Methods:

The advantage of the hybrid model proposed is its novelty that is used for the first time;
our new method is based on a hybrid deep convolution neural network and deep watershed auto-encoder
(CNN-DWA) model. The method consists of six phases, first phase is input MR images, second
phase is preprocessing using filter and morphology operation, third phase is matrix that represents
MR brain images, fourth is applying the hybrid CNN-DWA, fifth is brain tumor classification,
and detection, while sixth phase is the performance of the model using five values.

Results:

The novelty of our hybrid CNN-DWA model showed the best results and high performance
with accuracy around 98% and loss validation 0, 1. Hybrid model can classify and detect
the tumor clearly using MR images; comparing with other models like CNN, DNN, and DWA, we
discover that the proposed model performs better than the above-mentioned models.

Conclusion:

Depending on the better performance of the proposed hybrid model, this helps in developing
computer-aided system for early detection of brain tumors and helps the doctors to diagnose
the patients better.
STAT3 Inhibitor Napabucasin Inhibits Tumor Growth and Cooperates with Proteasome Inhibition in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Liu Yao , Peng Xiaolin , Li Hui , Jiao Wenhui , Peng Xin , Shao Jingrong , Xu Yanglu , Wang Ran , Wang Wei , Kong Dexin
Published: February 2021

Background:

Ovarian cancer is a disease with the highest mortality in gynecologic malignancies.
Activation of STAT3 pathway is well known to be associated with tumor progression
and metastasis in a number of cancers, including ovarian cancer. Therefore, STAT3 may be an ideal
target for ovarian cancer treatment.

Objective:

The present study aims to determine the antitumor activity of STAT3 inhibitor Napabucasin
as a single agent or in combination with proteasome inhibitor MG-132 in ovarian cancer
cells.

Methods:

MTT was performed to determine the anti-proliferative effect of Napabucasin on ovarian
cancer SKOV-3 cells. The involved anti-tumor mechanism was explored by flow cytometry, qRTPCR
and western blot. MDC staining and tandem mRFP-GFP-LC3 fluorescence microscopy were
used to analyze the autophagy-inducing capability of Napabucasin with or without MG-132. The
combinational anticancer effect of Napabucasin and MG-132 was evaluated according to Chou and
Talalay’s method (1984).

Results:

Napabucasin showed obvious tumor-inhibitory effects against SKOV-3 cells. Treatment
by Napabucasin arrested cell cycle progression in G2/M phase. Mechanistically, elevated expression
of p21 may contribute to the blockade of the cell cycle. Moreover, we demonstrated that Napabucasin
induced autophagy in SKOV-3 cells by using various assays, including MDC staining,
autophagic flux examination, and detection of the autophagy markers. In addition, a combination
of Napabucaisin with MG-132 exhibited a significant synergistic anti-proliferative effect, probably
by inducing apoptosis through a mitochondria-dependent pathway. The two compounds induced
pro-survival autophagies, and co-treatment with autophagy inhibiter might further enhance their antitumor
effects.

Conclusion:

Napabucasin alone or in combination with MG-132 might be promising treatment
strategy for ovarian cancer patients.
eHealth for Addressing Balance Disorders in the Elderly: Systematic Review
Authors: Gaspar Andréa G Martins , Lapão Luís Velez
Published: February 2021

Background

The population is aging on a global scale, triggering vulnerability for chronic multimorbidity, balance disorders, and falls. Falls with injuries are the main cause of accidental death in the elderly population, representing a relevant public health problem. Balance disorder is a major risk factor for falling and represents one of the most frequent reasons for health care demand. The use of information and communication technologies to support distance healthcare (eHealth) represents an opportunity to improve the access and quality of health care services for the elderly. In recent years, several studies have addressed the potential of eHealth devices to assess the balance and risk of falling of elderly people. Remote rehabilitation has also been explored. However, the clinical applicability of these digital solutions for elderly people with balance disorders remains to be studied.

Objective

The aim of this review was to guide the clinical applicability of eHealth devices in providing the screening, assessment, and treatment of elderly people with balance disorders, but without neurological disease.

Methods

A systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. Data were obtained through searching the PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and SciELO databases. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasiexperimental studies (QESs) published between January 2015 and December 2019 were included. The quality of the evidence to respond to the research question was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal for RCTs and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for QESs. RCTs were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. We provide a narrative synthesis of the main outcomes from the included studies.

Results

Among 1030 unduplicated articles retrieved, 21 articles were included in this review. Twelve studies explored different technology devices to obtain data about balance and risk of falling. Nine studies focused on different types of balance exercise training. A wide range of clinical tests, functional scales, classifications of faller participants, sensor-based tasks, intervention protocols, and follow-up times were used. Only one study described the clinical conditions of the participants. Instrumental tests of the inner ear were neither used as the gold-standard test nor performed in pre and postrehabilitation assessments.

Conclusions

eHealth has potential for providing additional health care to elderly people with balance disorder and risk of falling. In the included literature, the heterogeneity of populations under study, methodologies, eHealth devices, and time of follow-up did not allow for clear comparison to guide proper clinical applicability. This suggests that more rigorous studies are needed.
The Implementation Science for Genomic Health Translation (INSIGHT) Study in Epilepsy: Protocol for a Learning Health Care System
Authors: Feofanova Elena Valeryevna , Zhang Guo-Qiang , Lhatoo Samden , Metcalf Ginger A , Boerwinkle Eric , Venner Eric
Published: February 2021

Background

Genomic medicine is poised to improve care for common complex diseases such as epilepsy, but additional clinical informatics and implementation science research is needed for it to become a part of the standard of care. Epilepsy is an exemplary complex neurological disorder for which DNA diagnostics have shown to be advantageous for patient care.

Objective

We designed the Implementation Science for Genomic Health Translation (INSIGHT) study to leverage the fact that both the clinic and testing laboratory control the development and customization of their respective electronic health records and clinical reporting platforms. Through INSIGHT, we can rapidly prototype and benchmark novel approaches to incorporating clinical genomics into patient care. Of particular interest are clinical decision support tools that take advantage of domain knowledge from clinical genomics and can be rapidly adjusted based on feedback from clinicians.

Methods

Building on previously developed evidence and infrastructure components, our model includes the following: establishment of an intervention-ready genomic knowledge base for patient care, creation of a health informatics platform and linking it to a clinical genomics reporting system, and scaling and evaluation of INSIGHT following established implementation science principles.

Results

INSIGHT was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston on May 15, 2020, and is designed as a 2-year proof-of-concept study beginning in December 2021. By design, 120 patients from the Texas Comprehensive Epilepsy Program are to be enrolled to test the INSIGHT workflow. Initial results are expected in the first half of 2023.

Conclusions

INSIGHT’s domain-specific, practical but generalizable approach may help catalyze a pathway to accelerate translation of genomic knowledge into impactful interventions in patient care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/25576
Prevalence of Misinformation and Fachtchecks on the COVID-19 Pandemic in 35 Countries: Observational Infodemiology Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cha Meeyoung , Cha Chiyoung , Singh Karandeep , Lima Gabriel , Ahn Yong-Yeol , Kulshrestha Juhi , Varol Onur
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by an infodemic, in which a plethora of false information has been rapidly disseminated online, leading to serious harm worldwide.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze the prevalence of common misinformation related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We conducted an online survey via social media platforms and a survey company to determine whether respondents have been exposed to a broad set of false claims and fact-checked information on the disease.

RESULTS

We obtained more than 41,000 responses from 1257 participants in 85 countries, but for our analysis, we only included responses from 35 countries that had at least 15 respondents. We identified a strong negative correlation between a country’s Gross Domestic Product per-capita and the prevalence of misinformation, with poorer countries having a higher prevalence of misinformation (Spearman ρ=–0.72; P<.001). We also found that fact checks spread to a lesser degree than their respective false claims, following a sublinear trend (β=.64).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results imply that the potential harm of misinformation could be more substantial for low-income countries than high-income countries. Countries with poor infrastructures might have to combat not only the spreading pandemic but also the COVID-19 infodemic, which can derail efforts in saving lives.
Effects of COVID-19 Emergency Alert Text Messages on Practicing Preventive Behaviors: Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey in South Korea (Preprint)
Authors: You Myoungsoon , Lee Minjung
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Sending emergency messages via mobile phone text messaging can be a promising communication tool to rapidly disseminate information and promote preventive behavior among the public during epidemic outbreaks. The battle to overcome COVID-19 is not yet over; thus, it is essential that the public practices preventive measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of reading and obtaining information via emergency alert SMS text messages and their effects on the individual's practice of preventive behaviors during the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea.

METHODS

A cross-sectional web-based survey comprising 990 participants was conducted over 3 days (March 25-27, 2020). A multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed the sociodemographic factors that might influence the behavior of reading emergency alert text messages. A hierarchical linear regression model estimated the associations between reading emergency alert text messages for each precautionary behavior practiced against COVID-19. Additionally, the indirect effects of reading the text messages on each precautionary behavior via psychological factors (ie, perceived risk and response efficacy) were calculated. All data were weighted according to the 2019 Korea census data.

RESULTS

Overall, 49.2% (487/990) of the participants reported that they always read emergency alert text messages and visited the linked website to obtain more information. Factors such as female sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.68, 95% CI 1.28-2.21) and older age (30-39 years: OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.25-3.28; 40-49 years: OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.80-4.47; 50-59 years: OR 3.19, 95% CI 2.01-5.06; 60 years and above: OR 3.12, 95% CI 2.00-4.86 versus 18-29 years) were identified to be associated with a higher frequency of reading the text messages. Participants who always read the text messages practiced wearing facial masks (β=.074, P=.01) more frequently than those who did not. In terms of social distancing, participants who reported they always read the text messages avoided crowded places (β=.078, P=.01) and canceled or postponed social gatherings (β=.103, P<.001) more frequently than those who did not read the text messages. Furthermore, reading text messages directly and indirectly affected practicing precautionary behaviors, as the mediation effect of response efficacy between reading text messages and practicing preventive behaviors was significant.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that emergency alert text messages sent to individuals' mobile phones are timely and effective strategies for encouraging preventive behavior in public. Sending emergency alert text messages to provide the public with accurate and reliable information could be positively considered by the health authorities, which might reduce the negative impact of infodemics.
Husbands’ Knowledge of Breast Cancer and Their Wives’ Attitudes and Practices Related to Breast Cancer Screening in Saudi Arabia: Cross-sectional Online Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Sabgul Afnan Abdulnasir , Qattan Ameerah M N , Hashmi Rubayyat , Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Despite Saudi Arabia’s free and well-established cancer care program, breast cancer incidence and mortality are rising. Husbands’ knowledge, and wives’ attitudes and practices related to breast cancer screening are not well understood in Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate husbands’ knowledge, and wives’ attitudes and practices related to breast cancer screening in Saudi Arabia.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study collected data from 403 husbands in the holy city of Makkah through an online self-reported questionnaire over a period of 2 months, from May 6 to July 7, 2020. Tabulation, bivariate, and multiple regression analyses were the major tools used for data analysis. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine the association between husbands’ knowledge and wives’ behavior regarding breast cancer screening methods.

RESULTS

Husbands’ knowledge score (a 1-point increase) was significantly associated with the wives’ utilization of mammograms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.089, 95% CI 1.024-1.159) and breast self-examination (AOR 1.177, 95% CI 1.105-1.255). Husbands’ knowledge also influenced the wives’ attitudes toward learning about breast self-examination (AOR 1.138, 95% CI 1.084-1.195). There was no significant association between husbands’ knowledge and wives’ utilization of clinical breast examination. However, richer husbands showed a socioeconomic gradient concerning their wives’ utilization of clinical breast examinations (AOR 2.603, 95% CI 1.269-5.341).

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, husbands’ knowledge of breast cancer influences wives’ attitudes and practices related to breast cancer screening methods in Saudi Arabia. Thus, interventions delivered to husbands might increase breast cancer awareness and survival.
Digital Storytelling for Health-Related Outcomes in Older Adults: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Stargatt Jennifer , Bhar Sunil , Bhowmik Jahar , Al Mahmud Abdullah
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Older adults face a unique set of challenges and may experience a range of psychological comorbidities. Digital storytelling is an emerging tool for sharing and recording lived experiences and may have the potential to support well-being but is yet to be systematically reviewed for use among older adults.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review is to examine the methods for creating digital stories, the health-related outcomes associated with creating digital stories, and the potential for implementing digital storytelling with older adults.

METHODS

We systematically searched electronic databases to identify articles published in English that reported on at least one health-related outcome of digital storytelling for participants aged ≥60 years. Data were extracted and synthesized using qualitative content analysis and summarized in tables. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.

RESULTS

A total of 8 studies were included in the review. Participants were primarily community-dwelling older adults living with dementia, involving family caregivers and professional care staff. Studies have taken various approaches to digital storytelling and reported diverse benefits associated with digital storytelling, including improvements in mood, memory, social engagement, and quality of relationships. Although the potential for implementation was not widely examined, some studies have presented evidence for acceptability and feasibility. Generally, studies were of high quality, despite the absence of comparator groups and confounder analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

The evidence reviewed suggests that despite the various approaches taken, digital storytelling shows promise as an effective approach for supporting well-being in older adults.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42019145922; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019145922

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/15512
Exploring the Influential Factors of Consumers’ Willingness Toward Using COVID-19 Related Chatbots: An Empirical Study (Preprint)
Authors: Almalki Manal
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Consumers’ willingness to use health chatbots can eventually determine if the adoption of health chatbots will succeed in delivering healthcare services for combating COVID-19. However, little research to date has empirically explored influential factors of consumer willingness toward using these novel technologies, and the effect of individual differences in predicting this willingness.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore (a) the influential factors of consumers’ willingness to use health chatbots related to COVID-19, (b) the effect of individual differences in predicting willingness, and (c) the likelihood of using health chatbots in the near future as well as the challenges/barriers that could hinder peoples’ motivations.

METHODS

An online survey was conducted which comprised of two sections. Section one measured participants’ willingness by evaluating the following six factors: performance efficacy, intrinsic motivation, anthropomorphism, social influence, facilitating conditions, and emotions. Section two included questions on demographics, the likelihood of using health chatbots in the future, and concerns that could impede such motivation.

RESULTS

A total of 166 individuals provided complete responses. Although (n=67, 40%) were aware of health chatbots and only (n=40, 24%) had used them before, about (n=140, 84%) wanted to use health chatbots in the future. The strongest predictors of willingness to use health chatbots came from the intrinsic motivation factor whereas the next strongest predictors came from the performance efficacy factor. Nearly (n=66, 39.5%) of participants perceived health chatbots to have human-like features such as consciousness and free will, but no emotions. About (n=64, 38%) were uncertain about the ease of using health chatbots and nearly (n=73, 44%) subjects would change their decisions to accept or reject using these technologies based on the social influence of people they know.

CONCLUSIONS

This study contributes toward theoretically understanding factors influencing peoples’ willingness to use COVID-19-related health chatbots. The findings also show that the perception of chatbots’ benefits outweigh the challenges. Intervention developers and researchers need to employ theory-based and user-centred approaches to determine consumers’ values and interaction requirements to achieve the best utilisation of health chatbots for delivering healthcare services during pandemics.
New Evidence in the Booming Field of Online Mindfulness: An Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Sommers-Spijkerman Marion , Austin Judith , Bohlmeijer Ernst , Pots Wendy
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

There is a need to regularly update the evidence base on the effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), especially considering how fast this field is growing and developing.

OBJECTIVE

This study presents an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of online MBIs on mental health and the potential moderators of these effects.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic literature search in PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science up to December 4, 2020, and included 97 trials, totaling 125 comparisons. Pre-to-post and pre-to-follow-up between-group effect sizes (Hedges g) were calculated for depression, anxiety, stress, well-being, and mindfulness using a random effects model.

RESULTS

The findings revealed statistically significant moderate pre-to-post effects on depression (g=0.34, 95% CI 0.18-0.50; P<.001), stress (g=0.44, 95% CI 0.32-0.55; P<.001), and mindfulness (g=0.40, 95% CI 0.30-0.50; P<.001) and small effects on anxiety (g=0.26, 95% CI 0.18-0.33; P<.001). For well-being, a significant small effect was found only when omitting outliers (g=0.22, 95% CI 0.15-0.29; P<.001) or low-quality studies (g=0.26, 95% CI 0.12-0.41; P<.001). Significant but small follow-up effects were found for depression (g=0.25, 95% CI 0.12-0.38) and anxiety (g=0.23, 95% CI 0.13-0.32). Subgroup analyses revealed that online MBIs resulted in higher effect sizes for stress when offered with guidance. In terms of stress and mindfulness, studies that used inactive control conditions yielded larger effects. For anxiety, populations with psychological symptoms had higher effect sizes. Adherence rates for the interventions ranged from 35% to 92%, but most studies lacked clear definitions or cut-offs.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings not only demonstrate that online MBIs are booming but also corroborate previous findings that online MBIs are beneficial for improving mental health outcomes in a broad range of populations. To advance the field of online MBIs, future trials should pay specific attention to methodological quality, adherence, and long-term follow-up measurements.
Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Possible Target and Mechanism of Ellipticine Against Breast Cancer Stem Cells.
Authors: Hermawan Adam , Putri Herwandhani
Published: February 2021

Ellipticine (5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole), an alkaloid isolated from plants Ochrosia elliptica, showed anticancer activity. A previous study demonstrated that ellipticine exhibited a reduction of the proliferation and self-renewal ability of ALDH1A1-positive breast cancer stem cells; however, the mechanisms have not been fully clarified. In this study, we aimed to identify the potential target and mechanism of ellipticine in breast cancer stem cells with a bioinformatics approach. Gene expression profiles predicting sensitivity and resistance of tumor cells to ellipticine were determined by microarray-based mRNA expressions from COMPARE. Gene list related to breast cancer stem cells was obtained from Pubmed with keywords "breast cancer stem cells". Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out by STRING-DB. The genetic alterations of hub genes were analysed using cBioPortal. The prognostic value of the genes was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. A Venn diagram of COMPARE microarray data and the gene list from PubMed generates two genes that are regulated by ellipticine and are related to breast cancer stem cells, namely XRCC5 and CD59. Ellipticine might target complement cascade and DNA repair mechanism in breast cancer stem cells. Ellipticine might target complement cascade and DNA repair mechanism in breast cancer stem cells. More importantly, CD59 is a potential biomarker to evaluate ellipticine bioactivity in BCSCs. Results of this study could be useful for elucidation of ellipticine molecular mechanism as well as for targeting BCSCs.
ГРЕБЕНЧАТЫЙ Y-ДЕЛИТЕЛЬ НА ОСНОВЕ ТОНКОПЛЕНОЧНОГО НИОБАТА ЛИТИЯ
Authors: Кулинич И.В. , Гуляева А.А. , Шестериков Е.В. , Дыбов В.А. , Казимиров А.И.
Published: February 2021

В работе представлены результаты исследования волноводных структур гребенчатого типа на основе тонких пленок ниобата лития, полученные методом ВЧМР. Показано, что оптический гребенчатый волновод на основе пленки ниобата лития, полученной методом ВЧМР с размером зерна 50 нм, имеет оптические потери, сопоставимые с потерями в гребенчатом оптическом волноводе на основе монокристаллического ниобата лития. Для реализации межкомпонентной оптической связи в ФИС разработана конструкция оптического делителя, которая позволяет уменьшать геометрические размеры области стыковки между входным и выходными волноводами в делителе.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНОГО КМОП КВАДРАТУРНОГО ДЕМОДУЛЯТОРА СО ВСТРОЕННОЙ СХЕМОЙ АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОЙ РЕГУЛИРОВКИ УСИЛЕНИЯ ДЛЯ РАБОТЫ В ЧАСТОТНОМ ДИАПАЗОНЕ ДО 1 ГГЦ
Authors: Мухин И.И. , Шабардин Р.С. , Репин В.В. , Недашковский Л.В.
Published: February 2021

Представлены результаты проектирования микросхемы квадратурного демодулятора со встроенной схемой АРУ Управление усилением достигается плавным включением и выключением усилительных ступеней, что позволяет непрерывно изменять общее усиление в диапазоне 48 дБ.