bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Features of a Small Spacecraft Application as a Technique for the World Ocean Exploration
Authors: Sedelnikov A V , Khnyryova E S , Ivashova T A
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, space technique is increasingly being used to solve various problems that are not directly related to outer space. One of such problem is the World Ocean exploration by means of Earth’s remote sensing. Middle-class spacecrafts for Earth’s remote sensing are well known, e. g. Resource-P, Spot 8, etc. They have complete attitude control systems and control systems of orbital motion. Using these spacecrafts, it is possible to obtain high-quality information about sea currents, sea animal migrations, environmental conditions, etc. However, such projects are expensive and require a long period of implementation. For this reason, small spacecrafts are widely used now. In contrast with the middle-class spacecrafts, they have a variety of features. The small spacecraft mass does not allow to place a complete attitude control systems and control systems of orbital motion on its board. On the other hand, the small spacecraft moving is little-known. The main perturbing factors for the medium-class spacecraft are aerodynamic and gravitational. The main perturbing factor for the small spacecraft is the magnetic moment. Small spacecraft orbital moving significantly affects on the quality of transmitted to Earth telemetric data. It also affects on the reliability of data about the World Ocean obtained from the small spacecraft. Therefore, the analysis of the small spacecraft rotational motion for Earth’s remote sensing is an important and urgent task. Its solution will allow to obtain qualitative data and to use the small spacecraft for the World Ocean exploration.
Infrastructure Support of the Regional Economic Clusters Formation
Authors: Ostovskaya A A
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the formation and development of clusters in the priority areas of the region’s economy. The world experience of clustering and the possibility of its application in the domestic conditions at the regional and local levels are highlighted. The potential opportunities of clusters forming in the priority sectors of the economy are analyzed. It is proved that the promising directions of clustering the regional economy in the context of strategic guidelines should be aimed at strengthening the processes of inter-economic cooperation of priority areas of the regional economy. The paper also considers the role of infrastructure in the formation and development of regional clusters, the need to change the modern configuration of the innovative infrastructure of the region in order to involve enterprises of municipal districts and urban districts in innovative activities. An approach to the optimization of the process of placing the components of innovative infrastructure in accordance with the degree of innovative susceptibility of municipal districts and urban districts is proposed.
Application of Soft Fabric Structures for Improvement of the Selective Irrigation Intake of the Partisan Water Reservoir
Authors: Ivankova T V
Published: June 2019

To protect irrigation intake structures from the deposition of sediments (from bottom, middle, upper layers), which can be a source of secondary water pollution, a large number of different designs of sediment interceptors have been developed. Increasing requirements for withdrawn water quality from the watercourses for irrigation and water supply, necessity of reconstruction on a large part of the previously constructed headwaters and have led to the development of an effective protective device.In the 20th century, world population has tripled from 1.6 to 6 billion people, irrigated farming area increased from 50 to 267 million hectares, and water consumption increased six-fold - from 500 to 3,500 km3 / year. The real water shortage is provoked by increased demand, associated, according to experts and international organizations, with demographic boom, change in food intake of large groups of population, industry and energy development, urbanization and popularization of biofuels. Factors that reduce available water resources include inefficient water use, water pollution and, increasingly, climate change. This issue remains very important for the Crimea and its successful resolution will become one of the foundations for the sustainable development of the peninsula.Water resources are one of the factors of sustainable development of the territories on global and regional levels. Entire hydro transport system improvement of water resources delivery to the final consumer of the Crimea (population, agriculturally used areas, industry, tourist complex, etc.) is the main strategic issue on optimization of water resources potential and sustainable development of various sectors at the socio-economic sphere.It is supplied up to 80,000 m3 / day water for drinking purposes from the Partizansky Reservoir, 215,000 Simferopol residents use water from the Partizansky Reservoir for living. Partisan reservoir is the main source of water supply for settlements in Simferopol and Bakhchisaray districts.
Statistical Modeling of Vehicles Collision When Using a DVR with the Function of Signaling about Dangerous Motion of the Vehicle to the Oncoming Lane
Authors: Varnavsky A N
Published: June 2019

There is a way of using a DVR for automatic collision warning of vehicles moving on the oncoming lane. This way is based on the analysis of the images parameters dynamics of vehicles on the road obtained with the help of a video recorder. The analysis determined the value that is compared with a threshold level. Its excess indicates an increased risk of collision of vehicles. At this time, the driver is notified of the need to change the parameters of the vehicle and the restructuring. When using this method, the question remains concerning the adjustment of the algorithm parameters. The aim of the work is to simulate statistically the probability of an accident with timely alarm to the driver about the risk of collision, as well as to study the effect of the alarm parameters on the probability of collision of vehicles moving on the oncoming lane. As a result of modeling, a series of dependencies on the collision probability of different parameters of the alarm algorithm, the car, the driver and the car movement is received. Based on the obtained dependences, it will be possible to conclude about the optimal setting of the parameters of the driver’s alarm about the possibility of a collision, taking into account the status and performance of the road system, the car and the driver.
Failure Monitoring and Asset Condition Asssessment in Gas Supply Systems
Authors: Medvedeva O N , Chilikin A Yu
Published: June 2019

The urgent task is assessment of the emergency danger of damage to overhead and underground gas pipelines, depending on conditions of their laying, the nature of damage, gas pressures, diameters, atmospheric impact, as well as assessment of the environmental impacts of the gas leaks from damaged gas pipelines. Despite equipment and technologies improvement, the safety factor of the gas supply systems remains a priority. The purpose of this study to investigate issues of technological and functional reliability of the gas distribution systems. Development methodological principles for efficiency increase and reliability of the gas distribution systems by narrowing zone of economic uncertainty and establishment communication between reliability indicators and design features of the gas supply systems. Methods of the system analysis are used. The research is based on generalization and systematization of materials of the gas distribution organizations for gasification the territory of the Russian Federation. There is the analysis of statistical data on accident rate at the objects of the gas industry during the period from 2010 to 2016. Calculation of the number and specifics of the accidents occurrence is carried out on the basis of a system analysis of the gas supply systems elements.
Functional Polystyrene Materials
Authors: Karimov E Kh , Karimov O Kh , Daminev R R
Published: June 2019

The article presents successful technologies for isolation of functional polystyrene materials. The results of analysis of a material with current and heat-conducting inclusions, of an antibacterial component for medical purpose are given. The material has polymer characteristics and is suitable for obtaining a product with specified functional properties. Ways of copper formation having nanometer dimensions, a brief methodology and possible structure of the resulting filler are shown. Copper nanoparticles have unique anti-bacterial, current and heat-conducting properties. These properties are largely retained in the polymer material. The used carrying agent - polystyrene - is a product of large-capacity production; therefore the resulting materials are based on developed raw materials base all over the world. Isolation of copper ions from nanoparticles depends on the type of stabilizing agent and chemical nature of the environment. Implementation of antimicrobial properties in polymer materials is achieved by the dosage of copper in the amount of 1-2% by weight. Giving to material the conducting properties of copper nanoparticles requires higher concentration of metal. The shown way of synthesis of copper nanoparticles is suitable for implementation in polystyrene.physical properties of the catalyst, so that an efficient, industrially applicable process.
Modelling of the Parcel Pattern Impact
Authors: Mingming W , Nesterenko S , Shterndok E
Published: June 2019

This paper studies the issues of parcel patterns’ determination, the direction and the usage of local parcel patterns are described. This article provides the usage of the geoinformation analysis for parcels’ allocation of the city. The activity sequence for the choice of such parcels is developed with the application of geoinformation support. They have been set up the geoinformation models of the pattern impact (distribution pattern over a distance) on the cost of each separate parcel by means of their cost surfaces which provide with an opportunity of rating, analysis and forecasting of land cost.
Research and Classification of Mineral Formations on the Surface of Natural Diamonds
Authors: Chanturia V A , Dvoichenkova G P , Podkamenniy Yu A
Published: June 2019

A set of analytical studies has established differences in the composition of mineral formations on the surface of natural diamonds of intensely altered kimberlites under the conditions of occurrence and processing of diamond-bearing ores. A classification of mineral formations on diamonds has been proposed depending on their origin, properties and mode of their attachment on the surface of crystals.
Improving the Safety of Transportation by School Buses
Authors: Pogotovkina N S , Volodkin P P , Demakhina E S
Published: June 2019

The research problem is relevant due to the fact that for several years in the Russian Federation accident rate involving school buses remains high. The article is aimed at defining new approaches to the organization of transportation of students in order to improve the safety of such transportation. The leading approach to the research of this problem is the analysis of domestic and foreign systems of the organization of transportation of school students which detected that the high level of safety is provided in case if transportation is carried out by road transport operators. In this regard, the authors propose to select road transport operators using the mechanism of public procurement based on the evaluation of the conditions of the organization of the transportation process. The article provides the argumentation of the indicator of the level of ensuring the safety of transportation of school students, which depends on the conditions of the organization of the transportation process: the state of the material and technical resources, human resources, organization and management of the transportation process, the organizational management to ensure the safety of the transportation process and the financial support of the road transport operator.
Groundwater From Abandoned Mines of the Partizansk Coal Basin, Primorye: Isotope-Geochemical Features of Composition and Regularities of Formation
Authors: Tarasenko I A , Zinkov A V , Vakh E A , Nagornova N A
Published: June 2019

The underground waters from the abandoned mines of the Partizansk coal basin were subjected to isotope-geochemical study to investigate their compositional features and regularities of their formation. The study has shown that flooding of the mines caused origin in the natural and industrial structures of a succession of water solutions with changeable composition: HCO3-Ca→HCO3-Mg→HCO3-Na→HCO3-SO4-Na→SO4-Na. The sulfur variability here is conditioned by the amount and level of oxidation of pyrite inherent in coals, bacterial component is important as well. The natural and industrial structures under consideration demonstrate zonality of geochemical conditions. Deeper horizons are the place where aerobic systems transit into anaerobic ones, and predominantly deoxidizing environment stimulates generation of biochemical natural gases, such as CH4, H2S, CO2, and H2. It has been established also that transformation of groundwater composition influences the rare-earths behavior; distribution of the dissolved REE depends on the water type and is controlled by the water-rock interaction processes and equilibrium – non-equilibrium state. Mineralization of the waters under study correlates with δ1O and δD parameters, and variation of their values can be used for estimation of the water-rock interaction degree.
Method of Registration of Ciliated Epithelium Cilia Motion
Authors: Kolosov V P , Perelman J M , Odireev A N , Bezrukov N S , Zhou Xiangdong
Published: June 2019

The method of registration of ciliated epithelium cilia motion has been researched. The device for registration and algorithms of registration of the cilia motion have been developed. The example of the laboratory research of the cilia motion has been studied.
Modeling of Thermal Process in Polymeric Bearings System on a Common Shaft
Authors: Starostin N P , Tikhonov R S
Published: June 2019

We propose a technique for calculating the dynamics of the temperature field in a system of polymeric sliding bearings, taking into account the speed of rotating shaft. A numerical algorithm for calculating the thermal processes in sliding bearings on a common shaft is developed by solving a system of two-dimensional and three-dimensional heat equations. We determined the time step, depending on the speed of rotation of the shaft by computational experiments. This allows us to determine the temperature fields with acceptable accuracy for practical use. The test results of sliding bearings made of composite material based on fluoropolymer are presented, which show the adequacy of the proposed mathematical model to the real thermal process.
Automated Assessment of the Value of Private Equity Funds on the Basis of an Optimization Software Package
Authors: Emokhonova Y M , Medvedev A V , Fedulova A E
Published: June 2019

With the development of private equity market in Russia, the creation of a private equity fund (PEF) optimizing the distribution of investment resources in it remains a relevant task. The object of the study in this paper is PEF, the subject is an automated assessment of the value of PEF on the basis of the author’s economic-mathematical model (EMM). The aim of this paper is to study the possibility of using the optimization software for this assessment and its application to the real PEF portfolio of projects. The optimization-based economic- mathematical model underlying the calculations makes it possible to identify the economic potential of the fund’s portfolio (in the form of its net present value), which makes it possible to optimally allocate investments in projects of the real sector of the economy, taking into account the state of the regulatory environment and the interests of investors. As methods of the study in this paper are used: economic-mathematical modeling; numerical experiment using an optimization financial-analytical package of applied programs. The results of the research can be used by fund managers to solve operational, investment and financial problems from the standpoint of increasing the value of funds and optimal investment allocation in various sectors of the economy.
The Assessment of Regional Investment Potential with Subject to Non-Observed Economy
Authors: Serikov S G
Published: June 2019

The article outlines the author’s method of assessing the investment potential of a region’s economy by institutional sector: financial corporations, non-financial corporations, households, and the government, as illustrated by the case of the regions constituting the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia (hereinafter FEFD). The author attempts to extract the nonobserved (shadow) economy component from the institutional sectors. An algorithm has been designed for determining the forms of funding investment needs at a regional level.

The research methodology employed by the author is based on the economic and statistical method, computational and constructive method, and comparative analysis.

The proposed method has made it possible to present the investment potential of the FEDF in the context of institutional sectors with an emphasis on the shadow economy; to assess the amount of unutilized investment resources in the district; to calculate the level of realization of the district’s investment potential; and to determine that the investment opportunities available in the region are not taken full advantage of. Using the proposed algorithm, the author has identified the constituent regions of the FEFD that are capable of funding their development with their own investment resources, and the regions that require government support that may extend as far as co-financing investment.

The methods and tools presented in the research can be applied by government bodies for the sake of a more consistent and rational approach to developing regional economic policy as regards investment strategies and development programs for regions, administrative decision making that matches the present-day conditions, and more effective spending of public investment resources.
“Added Economic Value” Calculation for the Higher Education Providers’ Services
Authors: Limarev P V , Petrov A , Zinovyeva E G , Limareva J A , Chang R I S
Published: June 2019

In modern times, higher education and science have become national and international priorities and it is a significant factor in our social development. Growing competition in the market for education services is one of the key indicators which characterizes the current state of the industry. This situation leads to the necessity to find new ways to increase the economic efficiency of higher education providers who are constantly facing intensifying competition with each other.

One of the most important control mechanisms of the economic efficiency of a higher education provider is added economic value. This parameter determines the position and behavior of the business entity in the market for education services and shapes the strategic management of the education provider.

This paper presents the main strategies which are needed to increase the economic efficiency of education providers with emphasis on the development of international relationships. Despite the current social and political environment which has some influence on international cooperation in the higher education sector, education services has become an important part of the preserving and development of international cooperation between different countries.

This article is aimed at enhancing the development of management tools for the economic efficiency of higher education providers as a business entity in the conditions of the global financial market and academic mobility.

The main constraints to being able to fully manage the complexity of the economic efficiency of the higher education providers is the absence of a general methodology for the development of the economic efficiency of the management system, a lack of funding for research into the management of education providers and an underestimation of the practical benefits of the implementation of the use of management tools to increase their economic efficiency. For example, there is not enough research into the industry’s best international experience.

The authors have investigated the added economic value as a tool for the control of the economic efficiency of higher education providers in Russia and Australia.
Why Russia Cannot Become the Country of Prosperity
Authors: Nitsevich V F , Moiseev V V , Sudorgin O A , Stroev V V
Published: June 2019

The citizens of any country in the world dream of living in a prosperous country, where the high level and quality of life of all its inhabitants, not just the rich. In Russia, ordinary people have small requests: to have a favorite job and earn well, have a roof over their heads, get education, raise children, go to resorts every year to improve their health, etc.

The Russian political leadership is aware of these aspirations of the population and is trying to change the situation for the better:“It is investments in people that are the priority of public policy and the priority of state budget expenditures: improving the effectiveness of education systems, health care, pensions, creating incentives and tools for improving living conditions. It is these sectors that should become generators of domestic demand, causing growth in many other sectors - in science, research and development, in industry and infrastructure,“the Government’s Anti-Crisis Program [1].

In this article, the authors have attempted to show why Russia can not yet become a prosperous country, which prevents it from developing the economy and the social sphere in such a way as to meet the criteria of a developed state.
Business and Power: Problems of Relationships in Russia
Authors: Moiseev V V , Sudorgin O A , Nitsevich V F , Stroev V V
Published: June 2019

The problem of the relationship between government and business arose in Russia with the transition to market relations. Practice has shown that the state of the economy in capitalist society depends on the relationship between business and government: the better and more constructively these relations, the better the investment climate, the more inflow of financial and other resources into the economy of regions and the country as a whole.

This article attempts to analyze the current problems of the relationship between government and business, outline the main directions for their improvement.

It is known that the authorities have more opportunities to establish“rules of the game” since it has all the resources of the state, at its disposal is a repressive apparatus, including the court, the prosecutor’s office, other law enforcement agencies and law enforcement agencies. Legislative and executive authorities in Russia develop and implement a tax and other policy in relation to business, the state supervisory authorities monitor the activities of business structures, monitoring their current legislation.

The federal and regional authorities have set up a number of sites for communication with business - various councils under the president, including the State Council, the Council for Science, Technology and Education, the Economic Council, the coordination councils for entrepreneurship, the development of small and medium-sized businesses under the head of the region, etc.

The Russian business, in turn, has financial resources and the opportunity to exert corporate pressure on the authorities and on its individual representatives in order to obtain the desired results. The areas for communication between business and government were also formed, in the role of which the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP), the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the All-Russian Public Organization of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises“Opora Rossii”“Delovaya Rossiya” which is an alliance entrepreneurs working in the non-primary sector of the economy and uniting entrepreneurs from 68 regions of the Russian Federation and 40 industrial unions.

Corruption, based on corruptness and bribery of the Russian authorities, has become an effective means of achieving the goal for businessmen. Lobbyism as a way of realizing its interests in the government by business has not received civilized development and legislative design in Russia.
The Evaluation of Accessibility of the Medical Services on the Basis of Working Time Organization in the Digital Economy Society
Authors: Czernowalov A V , Baranov D N
Published: June 2019

In the article the authors estimate the accessibility of the quality of medical services on the basis of double questionnaires of the medical staff working for a range of clinics of the city of Moscow. On the grounds of the questionnaires it is revealed that under the condition of the digital technologies introduced in the clinics’ routine, the labour relations do evolve, and such evolution causes the necessity of adaptation of labour and civil laws to the changed social and economic relations in the field of medical services in favour of some more flexible forms of labour organization.
Transport Clusters in Domestic Agriculture System
Authors: Probin P S , Simdiankin A A
Published: June 2019

In order both to prevent imbalances in the development of domestic agriculture and to counter the monopolization of the market of agricultural products it’s justified the need to develop a model of agricultural transport cluster. Particular attention is paid to the theoretical aspects of the feasibility study of this approach in the format of transport clusters. First-order relationship elasticity coefficient is introduced for description of effectively agricultural work carrying out in the external territory when using a certain amount of cluster equipment and second-order link coefficient is introduced for description for the number of vehicles and agricultural machinery provided from other cluster members to one who makes agricultural works. At the same time the emphasis is placed on the problem of harmonization of the system of financial and economic relations at the level of territories with high livestock and crop potential. Authors also propose a dependence of the evaluation of the business activity of the agricultural transport cluster and enter rating scale.
Management Accounting and Analysis of the Financial Lease Effectiveness
Authors: Dmitrieva I N , Myznikova T N , Chernenko A F , Shishkina A V
Published: June 2019

The successful strategic management of organization’s resources is chiefly defined by the extent of implementation of the management accounting in its operations. Management accounting data is essential for economic analysis of the factors, which are of great significance to saving resources spent on financial lease, and acquiring the maximum effect from their utilization. The article substantiates the necessity of periodic updating of analytical methods for defining the effectiveness of financial lease of long-term assets, in order to improve the accuracy of the estimations of such methods. The already existing analytical methods objectively require constant enhancements due to the increase in quality and transparency of the management analysis database. The aim of the conducted research is to create a method for analyzing the effectiveness of financial lease, based on the estimations, gathered from the current requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards. The authors of the study suggest the effect of the financial leasing agreement to be defined as the difference between the potential costs of the enterprise receiving the property when acquiring fixed assets under a financial lease agreement and the potential costs of the borrowing enterprise when acquiring property under a purchase or sale contract at the expense of a loan. Comparative effectiveness of a financial lease is offered to be defined as a ratio of the lease contract effect to the potential expenses of the recipient of the leased property.
Development of Polytechnic Education in the Conditions of Integration of General-Engineering and Special Disciplines
Authors: Shangina E I
Published: June 2019

In the conditions of innovative development of Polytechnic education and society in general in an educational paradigm there are basic changes. Today, the main units of updating of content of education are competence, the characteristic of their types and structure. Understanding students of existence of cross-disciplinary communications the importance of the studied disciplines in their interrelation and interaction is determined by cross-disciplinary competences.

In modern conditions, the role of geometric-graphic preparation is greatly expanded. The advantage is given to those professionals whose thinking is able to synthesize imaginative and rational. The development of the ability to such a synthesis is greatly facilitated by mastering the methods of geometric-graphic modeling of objects and processes. Let us emphasize that models based on geometric and graphical methods (with the ability to visualize the model) are often more effective in practice than purely analytical models. Therefore, the development of the theory of geometric modeling (with computer visualization) should not be considered in the narrow sense of geometric-graphic preparation, but as a self-valuable component of geometric-graphic education.

The author substantiates the essence of cross-disciplinary integration, presents the mechanisms of integration of disciplines at the Polytechnic University, pedagogical conditions, methods of teaching the theory of geometric-graphic modeling, as well as the results of practical implementation of theoretical provisions.
How to Stimulate the Development of the Social Enterprise in Modern Russia
Authors: Vinogradova M , Shatsky A , Kuljamina O
Published: June 2019

In the last decade, social entrepreneurship has been in the focus of numerous discussions among business scholars around the world. Social enterprises typically represent hybrid organizations setting both commercial goals and social goals. This semi-commercial orientation may have its advantages (e.g., gaining support of stakeholders interested in helping society achieve certain objectives) and disadvantages (e.g., weaker commercial orientation could make social enterprises less viable and attractive for providers of financial and human capital). This study examines the opinions regarding the development of the social enterprise in Russia among the academics and practitioners focused on identifying the factors that may inhibit or stimulate social entrepreneurship in the country. A focus group comprising 24 experts with deep knowledge of the area has brainstormed the problem. Summarizing and conceptualizing these brainstorming sessions, we critique those that urge the state to quickly enhance its efforts to spur social entrepreneurship in Russia and propose a more organic and gradual way of developing the social enterprise.
Intellectual Property Management in Modern Russian Condi-tions
Authors: Tsybulskaia L A , Parakhina V N
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with the problems of intellectual property management in the Russian Federation and Crimea. The current state in the field of intellectual property is analyzed on the basis of the reports of the Federal service for intellectual property and statistical data. The ways of improvement due to changes in the legislation of the Russian Federation are proposed. Analysis of data on the Crimea and Sevastopol showed that in the new Russian conditions, despite the sanctions, there is a positive dynamics in the management of intellectual property, not only registered trademarks, but also the appellation of origin (geographical indications). One of the indicators of effective management is the positive dynamics of profit growth of enterprises operating in the Crimea.
Stability of Wall Panels with One-Sided Board Sheathing for Timber Structures
Authors: Celler J , Dolejš J , Pošta J , Jára R
Published: June 2019

The subject of this paper is a new knowledge in experimental and numerical analysis of the stability of the wall panels with one-side board sheathing. The reinforcement of the panel is provided by means of glued timber composite I-shaped element consisting of a web made of a wood-based desk – OSB board embedded into flanges of solid timber. At present, the design of wall panels with I-shaped cross-section stiffeners and double-sided sheathing is based on test results and simplified analytical calculation. For the design of wall panels with I-shaped cross-section stiffener rib and one-sided board sheathing, a reliable procedure for determining the buckling load bearing capacity has not been described so far. It is assumed that the base of this work can be used for more effective material use of subtle light timber frames. By optimization of the supporting structure, increased heat-technical properties will be effectively achieved. New outputs of experimental analysis on wall panels in real dimensions, as well as material tests of individual components such as solid wood, OSB board and staples will be presented in this paper. Moreover, this paper presents the results of detailed numerical analysis, which are validated on the basis of the experiments performed.
Eco-Friendly Building Materials
Authors: Nowotna A , Pietruszka B , Lisowski P
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the construction industry has developed an ecological direction, which aims to use natural materials. These materials can be both vegetable and animal origin. Building structures made of such semi-finised products are usualy light, non-destructive for environment, and in many cases made of recycled materials. Such an eco-building model often does not require energy inputs for production. It contributes to the development of energy-saving investments which meet the current technical requirements. These materials can perform an insolating function, like sheep’s wool or cellulose, as well as construction or finishing function made of products like plywood, fibrous materials with an external gypsum or wooden panel or clay plaster with straw. Such products are perceived as healthy and cheap, and in many cases available locally. These solutions can have a significant impact in modern construction due to the increase in the prices of traditional construction products and energy savings during construction and investment use. The article aims to provide basic information about selected materials of natural origin and compare them in terms of hygrothermal research.
External Wooden Constructions – Protection by Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Svora P , Kuklík P , Šrámová Slušná M , Svorová Pawelkowicz S , Ecorchard P
Published: June 2019

External wooden constructions have their own place in building industry from ages. The external wooden construction easily degrade due to UV radiation, atmospheric conditions and biological aggressors. We are trying to eliminate the negative impact of degradation factors by wood protection. Types of wood protection include all measures which would protect wood from influences of fungi, insects, weather (temperature, humidity, wind,), natural calamities (fire, flood) and they can be divided into chemical protection and radiation protection. In our paper we will discuss a new solution based on titanium dioxide (TiO2). Titanium dioxide was proved to be an efficient UV absorber and moreover, in its crystalline form, it is able to destroy biological aggressors too. Nowadays, there is no information about the interactions between wooden surface and non-photoactive or photoactive form of TiO2. TiO2 exists in many morphological forms. The planar particles were chosen for purpose of the experiment. They can be prepared as non-photoactive and photoactive. This material was applied on wooden surface in the form of dispersion and created a transparent layer.
Effect of Glass Fibres on the Mechanical Behaviour of Concrete with Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCAs)
Authors: Vandevyvere B , Sierens Z , Verstrynge E , Vandewalle L , Li J
Published: June 2019

This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of glass fibres on the mechanical behaviour of concrete with recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs). In the test programme, four concrete mixtures with coarse RCAs and glass fibres are manufactured. The used fibres are the CEM-FIL Minibars™ with a fibre content of 5 kg/m3, 10 kg/m3 and 15 kg/m3, respectively. The investigated properties are the compressive strength, the splitting tensile strength, the modulus of elasticity as well as the flexural behaviour. The latter is determined by the three-point bending test on concrete beams according to the standard EN 14651: 2005+A1:2007 – Test methodfor metallic fibre concrete: Measuring the flexural tensile strength (limit of proportionality (LOP), residual). Based on the test observations, it seems that the used glass fibres are able to improve the mechanical behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC).
Whole-Buildings Life Cycle Assessment Sensitivity to Scenario Choices
Authors: Guimarães G D , Zucarato L , Saade M , Silva M , Silva V G
Published: June 2019

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an important technique to measure environmental impacts of products and processes and its application to diagnose and optimize whole-buildings’ environmental performance has increased in the past years. However, LCA results carry uncertainties which may limit their utility as environmental decision-making support. Since normative choices are unavoidable within whole-building LCA (wbLCA) modelling, it becomes important to analyse their inherent uncertainty. Recent literature indicates that different material wastage values, lifetime choices and end of life scenarios are the main uncertainties drivers on wbLCA. To understand how these choices influence wbLCA results, we conducted a scenario analysis, to estimate the effects that parameters and input choices produce on final results by describing possible future situations. Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) and CML 2001 v.2.05 methods were selected for calculating embodied energy and global warming potential in SimaPro 7.3. Our results indicate that wbLCA outcomes vary greatly with different alternatives for normative choices, and a scenario uncertainty analysis is necessary to understand all implications of its results.
Multi-Criteria Decision Making in the Social Sustainability Assessment of High-Rise Residential Buildings
Authors: Maleki B , Casanovas Rubio M d M , Hosseini S M A , de la Fuente Antequera A
Published: June 2019

Factors such as global urbanization, scarcity of land, and rising land prices will increase the need for high-rise buildings. Population growth has led to dense life in residential high-rise buildings (RHRB). On the one hand, RHRB have benefits such as the maximization of land use. On the other hand, disadvantages such as ignoring features of cultural context, difficulties in guaranteeing natural ventilation and the high maintenance expenses are considered as their weaknesses. According to previous studies, most current RHRB do not consider social cohesion and local identity. Studies have proven that dimensions of social sustainability have been scarcely considered. The main objective in sustainability assessment of RHRB consist in reducing the environmental impact and increasing the efficiency and residents’ satisfaction. Recent studies have considered modern methods for assessing the sustainability; in this regard, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches are one of the most common alternatives to assess sustainability. The aim of this research is to develop a MCDM tool oriented to specifically assessing sustainability by using the Integrated Value Model for Sustainability Assessment (MIVES). The MIVES approach allows minimizing subjectivity in decision making while objectively integrating economic, environmental and social factors. In this paper, a new sustainability assessment model, which has been specifically configured to analyse social parameters for high-rise residential buildings, is presented. The findings show that most of the RHRB aspects positively affect the characteristics of the buildings and surroundings, while also affecting the psychological needs of humans.
Experiences from the Implementation of the Assessment System for Sustainable Building (BNB) in Germany
Authors: Rietz A , Kerz N , Welsch M
Published: June 2019

Sustainability is one of the most important challenges for the future. Sustainable building is therefore an important component of the national sustainability strategy in Germany. The Federal Ministry of Building has developed instruments to implement its ambitious goals with the Guideline and the Assessment System for Sustainable Building (BNB). The aim was, to implement federal building on a sustainable basis and to assume an exemplary role for other public clients. This strategy has been successful to date. The combination of mandatory introduction and exemplary effect has motivated some federal states already introducing sustainability assessment with the BNB in their area of responsibility, while others are testing this approach at least with the launch of pilot projects. In order to support implementation, instruments and tools for the application of the BNB were developed as part of the national "Future Building" research initiative. An important step is the introduction of the Electronic Assessment System for Sustainable Building (eBNB). It enables the recording and control of all parameters necessary for the effective implementation of the requirements of sustainable building. As part of an ongoing scientific monitoring, the implementation will be evaluated on the basis of the federal buildings currently completed and certified by the BNB. So far, the BNB certifications show that even high sustainability requirements can be economically implemented.
Linking Together Independent Sustainable Building Development Plans
Authors: Sůra M
Published: June 2019

The contribution describes two basically independent projects, both claiming to be oriented on sustainable building paradigms. The two projects had investors of two different types – one using public money to the benefit of community, the other was purely private money of a private economic operator. Both investors examined the sustainability in relation to the surrounding conditions and processes, discovered the concurrent existence of the other’s investment plans, and determined overlapping areas of interest.

In the article we describe the overlapping areas, variant solutions intended to improve sustainability for lower costs, the pros and cons of the variants, and the harmonization of both investors’ requirements. This was used to choose the variant best fitting both investors, and finally modify it slightly.
Quality Label in Buildings and Construction – a Green Label Supporting the Sustainability of Buildings in Slovenia
Authors: Tomšič M , Jejčič N , Š Zavrl M
Published: June 2019

Sustainable actions in the building sector need to be supported by appropriate quality assurance (QA) and control protocols and tools. In late 1990s the first – and to this date the only comprehensive – quality label for construction products and services was established in Slovenia: the Quality Label in Buildings and Construction (ZKG). It is a voluntary green label addressing not only the specific technical characteristics of products and services, but among other also the production process quality, internal QA schemes, regular training and education of staff, innovation and development activities, economic aspects, the impact of the activities on the environment, and the social role of the company in the local area. In this way it addresses the three core pillars of sustainability. The label has gained a prominent status and is being referred to in calls for tenders both in public and private sectors and in national subsidy schemes. The paper presents the structure and content of the assessment scheme and ranking system exposing their core elements. A more detailed approach is presented on the case of a window as a construction product and on the case of installation of windows as a service, underlining the positive role of the label with regard to raising the quality standards in the building sector on the national level.
Flat Roofs Defects – Norwegian Building Sector Perspectives
Authors: Andenæs E , Engebø A , Kvande T , Bohne R A , Lohne J
Published: June 2019

Flat roof constructions covered with flexible roofing is a common feature on large buildings, as they are robust and require little maintenance. However, faults in flat roof design or their assembly could lead to costly building damages or defects. A preliminary mapping of main risk factors for flat roof defects has been carried out by studying design, assembly, and maintenance practices. This article is based on semi-structured interviews with actors in the Norwegian building sector between September 2017 and March 2018. The interviews did not target a specific subgroup; a broad and explorative approach was instead chosen in order to seek out opinions from all parts of the supply chain. The goal was to map knowledge and attitudes regarding flat roof faults. A point of particular interest concerned the perceived prevalence of substandard constructions due to counterfeit materials or shoddy building practices. It was found that most roof faults could be attributed to aging or design flaws. Counterfeit materials or shoddy workmanship was perceived to be uncommon among large and well-established companies. However, responders from several backgrounds – manufacturer, municipal and university building owners – suspected that such malpractices might be more common among smaller contractors geared towards the non-professional market. As a whole, the Norwegian roofing industry was perceived by respondents as generally trustworthy and compliant with regulations. However, interview responses suggest further research is required on the practices in the non-professional sector.
Two-Stage System for Utilization of Renewable Solar Energy in Modern Building Facade Technology
Authors: Bielek B , Krajčík M , Buday P , Macák M
Published: June 2019

We research a technical solution for utilization of solar energy in modern buildings with double-skin facades. The solution involves thermal conditioning of cold outdoor air in the physical cavity of the double-skin facade and utilizing the warmed up air as primary air for an air heat pump. The system for utilization of solar energy consists of two stages. The 1st stage involves transformation of the short-wave solar radiation to the long-wave heat radiation in the double-skin facade. This contributes to the reduction of heat losses from conditioned rooms because of the lower temperature difference between the rooms and the cavity. In the 2nd stage the thermally conditioned air is fed in the inlet of the air heat pump during heating season. Computer simulations performed for a cavity of a 4-storey double-skin transparent facade have shown that both the intensity of solar radiation and the air flow through the cavity significantly influence the air temperature at the outlet from the cavity. The air temperature rise in the cavity was ranging from 3.7 K for the solar radiation of 150 W/m2 and the airflow of 200 m3/min, up to almost 23.0 K for the solar radiation of 600 W/m2 and the airflow of 50 m3/min. Even at the least favourable climate conditions such increase in temperature of the primary air leads to a considerable improvement of the performance of the heat pump.