bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized surgical patients: a silently emerging public health concern in Benin
Authors: Yehouenou Carine Laurence , Kpangon Arsène A. , Affolabi Dissou , Rodriguez-Villalobos Hector , Bambeke Françoise Van , Dalleur Olivia , Simon Anne
Published: November 2020

Background: Surgical site infections are related to high morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Because the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in hospitals is becoming a worldwide challenge for surgeons who treat healthcare-associated infections, we wished to identify the causative agents involved in these infections and the rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria in six public hospitals in Benin. Methods: Using standard microbiological procedures, we processed pus specimens collected from obstetrics and gastrointestinal surgery wards. Mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) was used for confirmation. For the antibiotic susceptibility test, we first used the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The secondary test (by microdilution) used the Beckton Dickinson Phoenix automated system (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic, USA). Results: We included 304 patients, whose median length of stay was 9 days. A total of 259 wound swabs (85.2%) had positive aerobic bacterial growth. In obstetrics, S. aureus (28.5%, n=42) was the most common isolate. In contrast, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) were predominant in gastrointestinal surgery, the most dominant being E. coli (38.4%, n=31). Overall, 90.8% (n=208) of aerobic bacteria were multidrug resistant. Two-thirds of S. aureus (65.3%, n= 32) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), three of which carried both MRSA and induced clindamycin resistance (ICR). GNB showed high resistance to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefepime. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases were presented by 69.4% of E.coli (n=43/62) and 83.3% of K. pneumoniae (n=25/30). Overall, twelve Gram-negative bacteria (5.24%) showed resistance to at least one carbapenem. No isolates showed a wild-type susceptible phenotype. Conclusion: This study shows the alarming prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms from surgical site infections in Benin hospitals. To reduce the spread of such bacteria, periodic surveillance of surgical site infections and strict adherence to good hand-hygiene practice are essential.
La cooperación internacional para el desarrollo en transición de la eficacia de la ayuda al contexto mundial de la post-ayuda.
Authors: Apodaca Rodríguez Raquel , Cerda Dueñas Carlos
Published: November 2020

El análisis del devenir histórico de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo (CID) permite entrever una suerte de tendencias que parecen delimitar etapas de crisis, transición y auge. Desde esta perspectiva y según lo propuesto por Schulz (2010), Mawdsley, Savage y Kim (2014) y Appe (2017)el contexto mundial de la post-ayuda, al ser un periodo precedido por momentos de crisis y dar indicios de conllevar un replanteamiento de la CID podría ser interpretado como su fase de transición. Por ello este artículo, a través de la modalidad de investigación documental y el método deductivo, propone un análisis de la transición observada por la CID desde el arranque del debate de la eficacia de la ayuda hasta el surgimiento del contexto mundial de la post-ayuda en aras de caracterizar el giro en su esencia y narrativa.
La Militarización del Desarrollo: La intervención humanitaria humanicida en Haití
Authors: Zavaleta Hernández Sandra Kanety , Franco Silva Adriana
Published: November 2020

Las intervenciones humanitarias pretenden garantizar la estabilidad, seguridad y desarrollo de los países en los que se actúa. En teoría, éstas son altruistas y apolíticas. Sin embargo, en la mayoría de los casos, sólo han profundizado las relaciones de inestabilidad, desigualdad y violencia para garantizar intereses particulares. Además, a pesar de que se vinculan con concepciones críticas de seguridad, la militarización ha fungido como la herramienta central para su implementación. Así, el objetivo principal de esta investigación será analizar la relación entre las históricas intervenciones en Haití -justificadas con discursos civilizatorios, humanitarios y desarrollistas- y la realidad económica, política y social del pueblo haitiano.

El principal hallazgo de este estudio es que la injerencia extranjera, catalogada como humanitaria, ha atentado contra la vida, desarrollo, seguridad y dignidad de la población haitiana. De tal suerte, las intervenciones han garantizado la reproducción de los intereses capitalistas y el dominio de Estados Unidos en la región del Gran Caribe, atentando contra el bienestar y la vida del pueblo en su conjunto.
English Students’ Vocabulary Size and Level at a Private University in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Siregar Fenty Lidya
Published: November 2020

The research investigated the EFL (English as a Foreign Language) undergraduate students’ vocabulary knowledge (size and level). The research involved 40 second-semester students who were enrolling in two reading courses at an English Department in a private university in West Java, Indonesia. Vocabulary Size Test by Nation and Beglar; and Vocabulary Level Test by Webb, Sasao, and Ballance were used to gain data. It is found that the participants’ average vocabulary size is 8.732,5 word-families. The finding of the research also reveals that only ten students master 1.000-5.000 word-levels. It means that despite a big vocabulary size that many students have, 75% of them only know a limited high and mid-frequency vocabulary. The findings imply that the students still need to read graded readers to master high and mid-frequency levels. The current research project also indicates that the students might have met more low-frequency words than high and mid-frequency words in their language learning prior to their current extensive reading program.
Representation of a Human Body: A Comparison Study between Balinese and Javanese Traditional House
Authors: Wulandari Anak Agung Ayu , Fajarwati Ade Ariyani Sari
Published: November 2020

The research would look further at the representation of the human body in both Balinese and Javanese traditional houses and compared the function and meaning of each part. To achieve the research aim, which was to evaluate and compare the representation of the human body in Javanese and Balinese traditional houses, a qualitative method through literature and descriptive analysis study was conducted. A comparative study approach would be used with an in-depth comparative study. It would revealed not only the similarities but also the differences between both subjects. The research shows that both traditional houses represent the human body in their way. From the architectural drawing top to bottom, both houses show the same structure that is identical to the human body; head at the top, followed by the body, and feet at the bottom. However, the comparative study shows that each area represents a different meaning. The circulation of the house is also different, while the Balinese house is started with feet and continued to body and head area. Simultaneously, the Javanese house is started with the head, then continued to body, and feet area.
The 4Cs Learning Model in Teacher Professional Development Program
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Doringin Ferry
Published: November 2020

The research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of 4Cs models (communication, collaboration, critical thinking and problem-solving, as well as creativity and innovation) to improve teachers’ performance in the 21st-century era. The development of technology in the era, especially in the way of learning of students, was responded to lately by schools and teachers. Using a qualitative case study, the research analyzed the school’s professional development program using the 4Cs model. The research result shows that the model of 4Cs gives enthusiasm, and a deep impression on teachers in their classroom activities accelerates the competences of teachers in using technology. Besides, it shows the level of importance of the model: communication, then creativity, collaboration, and critical thinking. The research has limitations in assessing the performance of students who are taught by trained teachers. So, further research is proposed to analyze the performance of students regarding the 4Cs competences.
Synthetic Studies toward (−)-Cleistenolide: Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of New γ-Lactone Subunits
Authors: Sartori Suélen , Miranda Izabel , de Matos Davi , Kohlhoff Markus , Diaz Marisa , Diaz-Muñoz Gaspar
Published: November 2020

This study describes the stereoselective synthesis of two new γ-lactones in 6 and 3 steps and 19 and 32% yield, respectively, directed toward the total synthesis of the natural product (−)-cleistenolide. The starting material was an enantiomerically pure diacetonide diol, derived from d-mannitol with the required stereocenters for (−)-cleistenolide synthesis. γ-Lactone syntheses were based on highly selective protection and deprotection of hydroxyls from d-mannitol. The formation of γ-lactone rings was the culmination of this approach, made possible by a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Z-olefination between diacetal aldehyde and ethyl 2-(bis(o-tolyloxy)phosphoryl)acetate to produce an unsaturated ester. The Z-isomer ester was highly favored in relation to the E-isomer (Z/E ratio of 94:6), allowing the formation of the γ-lactone ring under acid catalysis. This strategy precluded the use of chiral auxiliaries or catalysts for the control of stereocenters in the novel γ-lactones.
Analisis Pengaruh Tingkat Kompetisi dan Interaksi antara Prey dan Predator pada Perilaku Model Dinamik Diskrit Lotka-Volterra
Authors: Winarni Ambar , Hayati Afifah , Muhassanah Nur’aini
Published: November 2020

Salah satu bentuk interaksi makhluk hidup di bumi ini adalah predasi, yang secara matematis dapat disajikan dalam model Lotka-Volterra. Dalam penelitian ini, dikaji model dinamik diskrit Lotka-Volterra yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode skema beda hingga tak standar. Perilaku dari titik kesetimbangan model bersifat stabil asimtotis lokal jika memenuhi syarat masing-masing titik kesetimbangan. Perubahan nilai parameter akan memberikan pengaruh pada perubahan kestabilan titik kesetimbangan. Analisis sensitivitas terhadap koeksistensi titik kesetimbangan dilakukan secara numerik. Kenaikan tingkat kompetisi antar predator dan tingkat interaksi predator terhadap prey mengakibatkan kenaikan jumlah populasi predator.

Kata kunci: model lotka-volterra, metode skema beda hingga tak standar, titik kesetimbangan, analisa kestabilan.
Analysis of topographic controls on depletion curves derived from airborne lidar snow depth data
Authors: Schneider Dominik , Molotch Noah P. , Deems Jeffrey S. , Painter Thomas H.
Published: November 2020

The annual consistency of spatial patterns of snow accumulation and melt suggests that the evolution of these patterns, known as depletion curves, is useful for estimating basin water content and runoff prediction. Theoretical snow cover depletion curves are used in models to parameterize fractional snow-covered area (fSCA) based on modeled estimates of snow accumulation and snowmelt. Directly measuring the spatio-temporal snow distribution, characterization of depletion curves, and understanding how they vary across mountainous landscapes was not possible until the recent U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Airborne Snow Observatory (ASO). Herein, for the first time, high-resolution spatio-temporal snow depth information from the ASO is used to derive observation-based snow cover depletion curves across physiographic gradients by estimating the slope of the fSCA–snow depth relationship (i.e. depletion slope). The depletion slope reveals important insights into snow processes as it is strongly related to snow depth variability (r2 = 0.58). Regression tree analysis between observed depletion slopes and physiography, particularly vegetation height and terrain roughness, displays clear nonlinear dynamics and explains 31% of the variance in depletion slope. This unique observation-based analysis of snow cover depletion curves has implications for energy and water flux calculations across many earth system models.
Sequential adsorptive removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate from polluted water using active carbon derived from stems ofCarissa carandasplant
Authors: Biftu Wondwosen Kebede , Suneetha M. , Ravindhranath Kunta
Published: November 2020

Sulphuric acid-generated active carbon from stems of Carissa carandas plant is investigated successfully as an adsorbent for the sequential removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate from polluted water. Controlling parameters are investigated and optimized for the maximum removal of the pollutants. At pH: 7, phosphate and nitrate can be simultaneously removed, while at pH: 2, chromate can be sequentially removed from the admixtures of the three pollutants. The active carbon is characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Sorption mechanisms are investigated using various adsorption isotherms and kinetic models. Thermodynamics parameters are evaluated. The data reveal the Langmuir isotherm model of adsorption, pseudo-second-order kinetics and spontaneity of sorption processes. Langmuir individual maximum adsorption capacity is: 72.75 mg/g for chromate; 63.40 mg/g for phosphate; and 49.15 mg/g for nitrate. The active carbon can be regenerated and reused. The method is used for the removal of all three pollutant ions from polluted water. The merit of this investigation is that an active carbon is identified with good adsorption capacities for the successful sequential removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate ions from polluted water.
Identifying and analyzing residential water demand profile; including the impact of COVID-19 and month of Ramadan, for selected developments in Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Rizvi Syed , Rustum Rabee , Deepak Malini , Wright Grant B. , Arthur Scott
Published: November 2020

Consumption of water varies throughout the day due to the daily routines of the consumer. This pattern of daily water consumption is called the water demand profile. The initiatives to create these profiles are to improve hydraulic performance and to build energy conservation strategies for designed networks in Dubai. Therefore, the aim of the work presented here was to develop and analyze a domestic consumption profile for selected developments with socio-demographic factors including weekday/weekend variation, population, income, fasting during the month of Ramadan, and the outbreak of COVID-19. Data from more than 7000 smart meters were collected while water meters of more than 350 residential flats were examined manually. Water demand profiles generated from the data showed weekdays have more predictable peaks (morning 6–8 am and evening 5–7 pm) than weekends. During Ramadan, peak hours shifted to 7–10 am followed by 3–4 pm during workdays while peaks for low-income areas were higher due to a stricter working routine. The COVID-19 crisis has led to significant rise in observed consumption, with over a 30% increase during the month of Ramadan. The observed results, if compared with further end-use studies on more factors affecting demand profiles, can help in generating both cost and energy efficient networks.
Comprehensive water testing analyses for improved water management: coliforms, coliphage and cholesterol
Authors: Bothma Leani , Molale-Tom Lesego , Swanepoel Chantel , Bezuidenhout Carlos , Adeleke Rasheed
Published: November 2020

The use of faecal coliforms as indicators is the traditional approach of testing water quality. Unfortunately, for a comprehensive water quality analysis, there is an increasing body of evidence that demonstrates coliforms as insufficient indicators for water quality assessment. Therefore, during the last two decades, alternative water testing approaches such as the use of coliphage as well as cholesterol detection have gained popularity. In the present study, we evaluated and compared the reliability of data from three different indicators that included coliforms (Streptococcus), coliphage and cholesterol. Four sites were chosen for sample collection and these included one site from Haart river (HR1) and three sites from Barberspan (BP1, 2 and 3) in the North West Province of South Africa. Samples were collected during winter and summer seasons. Collected samples were subjected to different analyses for detection of coliphage, coliforms and cholesterol. Faecal indicator bacteria were detected at all sites and in some cases were relatively high (HR1: 287 cfu/100 mL faecal coliform and 228.6 cfu/100 mL faecal streptococci; BP1: 1,730 cfu/100 mL Escherichia coli). The HR1 site consistently had the highest levels of bacterial faecal indicators of the four sampling sites. Most notably, faecal streptococci were detected in higher numbers than any other bacterial indicator. A significant finding was the general higher levels of faecal indicator markers at the BP3. Based on the outcome of this study, a combination of these indicators offers a comprehensive and promising approach for monitoring water quality.
Improving natural organic matter and turbidity removal from surface water by pre-coagulation combined with ozone/ultrasound
Authors: Setareh Parastoo , Pirsaheb Meghdad , Khezri Seyed Mostafa , Hossaini Hiwa
Published: November 2020

Recently, we showed that pre-treatment with ultrasound/ozone (US/O3) could remarkably enhance the performance of coagulation in removing natural organic matter (NOM) and turbidity from surface waters. In the present study another of our aims was to investigate whether pretreatment with coagulation combined with post-oxidation (US/O3) can also remove NOM, turbidity and coliform from the same water resources. NOM and turbidity removal were measured by UV absorbance at 254 nm (UV254) and a turbidimeter, respectively. Aluminum sulfate (alum), ferric chloride (FC), and poly aluminum chloride (PACl) were tested as coagulants. The disinfection potential of the US/O3 process was evaluated by measuring coliform counts. The effects of different input variables including ozone dose, power intensity, ultrasound frequency, reaction time, coagulant type, dose of coagulant and coagulant aid were examined on the process performance. Design of experiments (DoE) and surface response methodology (RSM) techniques were employed to optimize the operating parameters. Individual coagulation process with ferric chloride decreased NOM and turbidity up to 33% and 15%, however pre-coagulation with ferric chloride combined with US/O3 decreased NOM and turbidity 75% and 32%, respectively. PACL was the best coagulant in the sole coagulation, but in pre-coagulation combined with US/O3 process, FC exhibited the best performance. Treatment with US/O3 following pre-coagulation decreased the amount of coagulant and coagulant aid needed for the treatment. Pre-coagulation followed by US/O3 improves the NOM, turbidity and coliform removal, and so could be considered as a potential method for removing NOM, turbidity and coliform.
Plumbagin: A Potential Anti-cancer Compound
Authors: Roy Arpita
Published: November 2020

:

Cancer is a deadly disease, which has significantly increased in both developed and developing
nations. Treatment of cancer utilizing radiotherapy or chemotherapy actuates a few issues
which incorporate spewing, sickness, unpalatable reactions, and so forth. In this specific situation, an
alternative drug source, which can effectively treat cancer is of prime importance. Products that are
obtained from plant sources are utilized for the treatment of various diseases due to their non-harmful
nature. Medicinal plants contain different bioactive compounds, which possess an important role in
the prevention of different diseases such as cancer. Plumbagin is a bioactive compound, which is
mainly present in Plumbaginaceae family and has been explored for its anticancer activity. Plumbagin
basically inactivates the Akt/NF-kB, MMP-9 and VEGF pathways that are essential for cancer cell
development. Therefore, it is important to review the role of plumbagin in different cancer cells in
order to find an alternative drug to overcome this disease. The present review provides a summary of
anticancer activity of plumbagin in various cancers and its mode of action.
MUC Glycoproteins: Potential Biomarkers and Molecular Targets for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ratan Chameli , Cicily K. D Dalia , Nair Bhagyalakshmi , Nath Lekshmi. R.
Published: November 2020

MUC proteins have great significance as prognostic and diagnostic markers as well as a potential target for therapeutic interventions in most cancers of glandular epithelial origin. These are high molecular weight glycosylated proteins located in the epithelial lining of several tissues and ducts. Mucins belong to a heterogeneous group of large O-glycoproteins that can be either secreted or membrane-bound. Glycosylation, a post-translational modification affects the biophysical, functional and biochemical properties and provides structural complexity for these proteins. Aberrant expression and glycosylation of mucins contribute to tumour survival and proliferation in many cancers, which in turn activates numerous signalling pathways such as NF-kB, ERα, HIF, MAPK, p53, c-Src, Wnt and JAK-STAT, etc. This subsequently induces cancer cell growth, proliferation and metastasis. The present review mainly demonstrates the functional aspects of MUC glycoproteins along with its unique signalling mechanism and role of aberrant glycosylation in cancer progression and therapeutics. The importance of MUC proteins and its subtypes in a wide spectrum of cancers including but not limited to breast cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial and cervical cancer, lung cancer, primary liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer and ovarian cancer has been exemplified with significance in targeting the same. Several patents associated with the MUC proteins in the field of cancer therapy are also emphasized in the current review.
Neurochemical Changes in the Brain After Fetal Exposure to Fluoxetine, A Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI) in Rodents
Authors: Alonazi Mona Awad , El Gezeery Amina , El-Ansary Afaf , Bhat Ramesa Shafi
Published: November 2020

Background:

In utero exposure to Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) is considered as a risk factor for
many neurodevelopmental diseases.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether prenatal SSRI exposure changes newborn brain chemistry.

Method:

An animal based study was designed in which utero SSRI exposed rat’s pups were compared to one without drug
exposure. Neurochemical changes of the infants were assessed after 2 days of birth by estimating the levels of inflammatory
cytokines, neurotransmitters and caspases in the brain exposed to SSRI at prenatal stage and compared to normal unexposed
newborn.

Results:

Our results showed significant neurochemical changes in SSRI-exposed newborns. A significant
decrease in dopamine, and serotonin levels with a remarkable decrease in noradrenaline in
addition to remarkable increase of IFN-γ and caspase-3 levels was observed in the brain tissues of
prenatal exposed SSRIs rat pups.

Conclusion:

The results suggest that prenatal SSRI treatment may affect brain development of newborn hence should be
used warily during gestation period.
Pharmacological Inhibition of MMP3 as a Potential Therapeutic Option for COVID-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Kadry Rana , Newsome Andrea Sikora , Somanath Payaningal R.
Published: November 2020

The high mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is due to their progression
to cytokine-associated organ injuries, primarily the acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS). The uncertainties in the molecular mechanisms leading to the switch from the early virus
infection to the advanced stage ARDS is a major gridlock in therapeutic development to reduce
mortality. Previous studies in our laboratory have identified matrix metalloprotease-3 (MMP3) as
an important mediator of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS, particularly in the exudative
phase. Our studies have also reported elevated plasma MMP3 activity levels in the ARDS
patients and that inhibition of MMP3 can reduce the severity of LPS-induced ARDS in mice. Given
these observations, targeting MMP3 could be a potential option to treat COVID-19 patients with
ARDS, and measurement of MMP3 activity in the plasma may serve as a biomarker for the early
detection of ARDS in COVID-19 patients.
Natural Products as Anti-COVID-19 Agents: An In Silico Study
Authors: Sarkar Chandan , Jamaddar Sarmin , Mondal Milon , Khalipha Abul Bashar Ripon , Islam Muhammad Torequl , Mubarak Mohammad S.
Published: November 2020

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening viral infection
caused by a positive-strand RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family called severe acute respiratory
distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus has infected millions of peoples
and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths around the world. Unfortunately, to date, there is no
specific cure for SARS-CoV-2 infection, although researchers are working tirelessly to come up with a
drug against this virus. Recently, the main viral protease has been discovered and is regarded as an appropriate
target for antiviral agents in the search for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to its
role in polyproteins processing coronavirus replication.

Methodology:

This investigation (an in silico study) explores the effectiveness of 16 natural
compounds from a literature survey against the protease of SARS-CoV-2 in an attempt to identify a
promising antiviral agent through a molecular docking study.

Results:

Among the 16 compounds studied, apigenin, alpha-hederin, and asiatic acid exhibited significant
docking performance and interacted with several amino acid residues of the main protease of
SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusion:

In summary, apigenin, alpha-hederin, and asiatic acid protease inhibitors may be effective
potential antiviral agents against the main viral protease (Mpro) to combat SARS-CoV-2.
NATURAL DISASTERS AS A FACTOR IN SOCIETY'S ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors:   M.M. Brinchuk Institute of State and Law of RAS, Brinchuk M.M.
Published: November 2020

The article is written in the aspect of public response to one of the serious modern challenges of nature related to climate change. Climate change disrupts the usual modes of human and social activity. The article explores the problem of society adapting to climate change in response to the needs of disaster prevention. t is stated that taking measures to adapt to climate change is necessary to reduce losses and take advantage of the benefits associated with observed and future climate changes. Negative and possible positive effects of expected climate change are noted. The analysis of scientists ' positions on the nature of climate change is carried out. Attention is drawn to the increase in damage from natural disasters. Based on the conducted research the author proposes measures for the prevention of natural disasters.
LEGAL REGULATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL SPHERE: TO THE METHODOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC COGNITION
Authors:   L.A. Gumerov Kazan branch of Russian State University of Justice, Gumerov L.A.
Published: November 2020

At present, the legal support of a dynamically developing scientific and technological sphere doesn’t have a proper theoretical justification, in connection with which the attempt made in the article to reveal the methodological base of understanding of legal regulation processes in this field seems relevant. Methodology: dialectics, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, systemic method, formal-legal method. As a result of the research, the factors determining the specifics of the legal regulation of public relations in the scientific and technological sphere are identified. Provisions that have fundamental methodological significance for legal research in the form of conceptual ideas that determine the dialectical development of this sphere as a whole and its legal regulation in particular are substantiated. The concept of “freedom of scientific and technical creativity” was introduced as part of legal science as constitutive for the legal regulation of the scientific and technological sphere. The proposed methodology increases the heuristic ability to identify and study the specifics of the legal regulation of social relations in the scientific and technological sphere, and can also be used in the formation of a theoretical legal regulatory model. Results of a research also can be used in law-making activity, in the course of improvement of state policy in the scientific and technological sphere, in the subsequent scientific research.
SOME ASPECTS OF COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE INSTITUTE OF ADMISSIBILITY OF CITIZENS ' COMPLAINTS IN CONSTITUTIONAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   R.M. Akutaev Dagestan State University, Сonstitutional Court of the Republic of Dagestan, Akutaev R.M.
Published: November 2020

The article contains a comparative legal analysis of the Institute of admissibility of complaints of citizens on violation of their constitutional rights and freedoms under the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of its subject  the Republic of Dagestan. The reasons for the differences in the legal regulation of the institution in question are considered, the proposal to improve the legislation on the constitutional Court of the Republic of Dagestan is made. It is concluded that compliance with the principles of the rule of law and the priority of the rights and freedoms of citizens can only be achieved through the joint efforts of all bodies of state power and local self-government, officials and ordinary citizens to ensure constitutional legality in lawmaking and law enforcement, which the constitutional justice bodies consistently uphold.
ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY OF MINORS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF REFORMING THE ADMINISTRATIVE-DELICT LEGISLATION RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   E.V. Evsikova Federal state educational institution of the higher education ", Evsikova E.V. ,   Russian state university of justice",   Crimean branch, Ponomarev A.V. ,   A.V. Ponomarev Federal state educational institution of the higher education "Russian state university of justice" Crimean branch
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of administrative responsibility of minors in the framework of reforming the administrative-tort legislation of the Russian Federation. The authors investigate the theoretical and practical problems of bringing minors to administrative responsibility in accordance with the administrative-tort legislation of the Russian Federation, examine the positions and achievements of administrative scientists regarding the reduction of the age of administrative responsibility of minors and the introduction of new types of administrative penalties for them, analyze the experience of foreign countries, basic provisions Concepts of the Code of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses yah. The article studies the administrative-tort legislation of the Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine regarding regulation of administrative responsibility of minors, as well as the Draft Code of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses. Based on the conducted analysis, the authors come to conclusion about necessity of reforming of administrative-tort legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as the allocation of administrative responsibility of minors in a separate Chapter of the Russian Code of administrative offences regulating the administrative responsibility of minors, subject to the special subject, which will more efficiently regulate this sphere of legal relations and avoid the majority of today's problems both in theory and in practice
Riesgos de seguridad física de plataformas y unidades offshore oil & gas en el mar Caribe colombiano
Authors: Gómez-Pretel William , Acevedo-Navas Christian
Published: November 2020

Este artículo analiza los riesgos de seguridad física de las plataformas y unidades móviles de exploración y explotación de hidrocarburos costa afuera (offshore) en el mar Caribe colombiano. Para ello, se hace una revisión conceptual, se estudia la literatura relevante y se analizan los riesgos resultantes. Una vez establecidos los criterios de clasificación y medición, se examina el impacto y la probabilidad de ocurrencia de eventos violentos que pudieran afectar estas plataformas y unidades. Como resultado, se concluye que la mayoría de riesgos son de tipo asimétrico, con un nivel de probabilidad baja y media de ocurrencia, entre los cuales se destacan el terrorismo y las acciones hostiles entre Estados por su potencial impacto. Se propone ejercer mejor control del territorio marítimo en pro de la seguridad marítima y energética.
Recuperação Moral na Administração Pública
Authors: Estellita Campos Wagner
Published: November 2020

Situar convenientemente a administração pública no problema da RecuperaçãoMoral do país — finalidade do ciclo de conferências — é tarefaque. certamente excede às minhas possibilidades, mas que recebi como umademonstração, a mais, dos sentimentos de generosidade do Comando destaEscola, onde já tive a honra de colaborar anteriormente, em conferências edebates.
O exército na campanha de Canudos
Authors: Peregrino Umberto
Published: November 2020

O Exército com que contámos nos primeiros tempos da República, eramaciçamente, entraphadamente, o velho exército profissional, herdado doImpério, e cujas fileiras se povoavam com elementos de duas origens: voluntariadoe recrutamente forçado.
O Município e a Reforma Constitucional
Authors: Delorenzo Neto Antônio
Published: November 2020

A nossa Constituição Federal consagra a autonomia do município apenasno plano das linhas gerais da organização política, não lhe possibilitando,na esfera administrativa, a descentralização. Em face das Leis Orgânicas acompetência municipal é mínima, pois, ao organizarem os municípios tiramlhesa autonomia, prejudicando, em conseqüência, o progresso e a expansãodos serviços administrativos, e o próprio desenvolvimento da legislação municipal.
Política de Habitação
Authors: Luiz Duprat Augusto
Published: November 2020

Não basta proporcionar ao homem a aquisição da “casa própria” ou a daocupação da Casa; é necessário antes de mais nada, ensiná-lo a viver em comunidadee usar o “Bem” proporcionado, completando-se assim a “Obra Social”.

A Educação Fundamental ou Educação de Base consiste num “mínimode educação geral, necessária a ajudar as crianças, os adolescentes e os adultosa compreenderem os problemas peculiares ao meio em que vivem, a formaremuma idéia exata dos seus deveres e direitos individuais e cívicos,e participarem eficazmente do progresso econômico e social da comunidade aque pertencem” segundo a definição da UNESCO.
Centros Ocupacionais de Reintegração Social
Authors: De Moraes Pitão Mário César
Published: November 2020

Dentre os sistemas penitenciários conhecidos — o de Filadélfia, o deAuburn e o Progressivo — é, indubitàvelmente, êste último, o que maioresinfluências tem exercido em nosso país, e também, o que melhor atende àsnecessidades da vida moderna.
A elevação da percentagem do excesso da arrecadação estadual e as necessidades municipais
Authors: Delorenzo Neto A.
Published: November 2020

O Estado Federal estabelece ao discriminar competências, ao lado da UniãoSoberana, a autonomia dos Estados e Municípios. Essa autonomia, evidentemente,nos países pobres como o nosso, não impede, antes estimula e exigeum regime de cooperação entre os três níveis da federação. Considerandoessa possibilidade de natureza constitucional, pode-se desde logo aquilatarda oportunidade do Projeto de lei n.° 373, de 1955, de autoria do DeputadoDomingos Lot Neto, e que dispõe, que a percentagem do excesso da arrecadaçãoestadual de impostos, salvo o de exportação, sôbre o total da receitamunicipal de qualquer natureza, que o Estado entregará anualmente a cadaMunicípio, exceto o da Capital, nos termos das leis n.° 589, de 31 de dezembrode 1949, e 2063, de 24 de dezembro de 1952, — será de 50% (cinqüentapor cento) à partir de 1.° de janeiro de 1957.
Imposto de lucro imobiliário e as vendas de bens imóveis adquiridos mortis causa
Authors: Wald Arnold
Published: November 2020

Quando surgiu o impôsto de lucro imobiliário, a Fazenda quis tributar adiferença entre o preço de aquisição e o preço de venda de determinado bemimóvel. Uma das primeiras polêmicas que se desenvolveram em tôrno doassunto foi a referente ao caso de aquisições mortis causa. Entendia a Fazendaque, no caso de bens adquiridos por herança, o impôsto de lucro imobiliário,tomaria como base a avaliação do bem no inventário. Os tribunais não foramunânimes em sufragar tal entendimento. As leis fiscais, diziam, não admitem' a interpretação analógica. Em relação aos bens adquiridos por herança, nãohá na realidade um lucro pois não houve preço de custo e a avaliação noinventário não pode ser equiparada a compra e venda.
Veto do Presidente Epitácio Pessoa à Resolução do Congresso Nacional que Fixa a Despesa para o Exercício de 1922
Authors: Pessoa Epitácio
Published: November 2020

Sr. Presidente da Câmara dos Deputados — Havendo negado sançsoà resolução do Congresso Nacional que fixa a despesa da República para oexercício de 1922, tenho a honra de restituir-vos, com as razões do veto, doisdos autógrafos que acompanharam vossa mensagem de 13 do corrente.
Escritório Técnico da Cidade Universitária da Universidade do Brasil
Authors: H. de B.Horta Barbosa Luiz
Published: November 2020

O Escritório Técnico da Cidade Universitária da Universidade do Brasil( E . T . U . B . ) , teve a sua origem nas transformações sucessivas por que passouo Escritório do Plano da Universidade, criado em 17 de setembro de1935, mediante portaria do Sr. Ministro da Educação e Saúde. Êsse Escritórioestava subordinado a uma Comissão designada pelo aludido Ministro,nos têrmos de sua portaria do dia 19 de junho do mesmo ano, para elaborarum plano de organização da Universidade Nacional que permitisse, simultaneamente,a instalação da Cidade Universitária.
O Papel das Crenças Econômicas na Vida Política
Authors: Vedel Georges , De Lourdes L. Modiano Maria
Published: November 2020

Serão os fatos objetivos ou serão as crenças, que, em última análise,constituem o fator de causalidade essencial das estruturas e fenômenos sociais?Terão razão os materialistas ou, pelo contrário, estarão certos os idealistas?Por estranho que pareça, a resposta a tais indagações não condiciona, demodo algum, na hora atual (nem certamente num futuro próximo) o desenvolvimentoda ciência política.
Os registros médicos no IAPB e o anteprojeto para seu arquivo médico
Authors: Taunay Leite Guimarães Adriano
Published: November 2020

A má organização dos registros médicos da Delegacia do D .F . do Institutode Aposentadoria e Pensões dos Bancários tem constituído motivo permanente,em muitos anos de preocupações administrativas, para acaloradosdebates entre diretores, médicos, assistentes sociais, enfermeiros, funcionáricsem geral, e até mesmo em meio ao pessoal subalterno.
A Propósito da Simplificação Burocrática
Authors: RSP Editor
Published: November 2020

Logo nos primeiros momentos ficou evidenciado que o êxitoda Campanha dependia da Compreensão, boa vontade e habilitaçãodos chefes imediatos e, também, da atuação de uma equipe de analistas.experimentados em simplificação do trabalho. Evidenciouseque ésse seria o primeiro problema a enfrentar, pois nada aindahavia sido feito nesse sentido, entre os órgãos da AdministraçãoPública centralizada.
O Agente Diplomático
Authors: E. Do Nascimento e Silva G.
Published: November 2020

A Convenção de Havana de 1928 dispõe em seu artigo 2.°: “Os funcionáriosdiplomáticos dividem-se em ordinários e extraordinários. São consideradosordinários os que representam de maneira permanente o Govêrno deum Estado perante outro. São extraordinários os encarregados de missão especial,ou os que se acreditam para representar o Govêrno em conferências,congressos ou outros organismos internacionais”.
Os Fins do Estado Moderno
Authors: De Rezende Rocha Augusto
Published: November 2020

A desagregação lenta do sistema feudal a partir do século XIII, mas progressivamenteacelerada nas centúrias subseqüentes, permitiu que em todosos países da Europa se assistisse ao espantoso espetáculo de vida nova edesordenada que foi o século XV I. É um dos grandes “tournants” da História— se nos é lícito empregar a expressão de Groethuysen — e fortes razõesteve Henri Hauser quando asseverou que só um aspecto da sua história —o econômico — bastava para despertar interêsse apaixonante. No entanto,dos vários pontos de vista a que podemos apreciar-lhe a importância, nenhumnos parece tão significativo como o político-religioso.
Descrições de cargos
Authors: Xavier de Menezes Raimundo
Published: November 2020

Descrições de cargos: conceituação — Uma descrição de cargo consistena exposição escrita de fatos importantes para a administração e concernentesàs atribuições, responsabilidades e relações organizacionais inerentes a umcargo. O conteúdo de cada cargo aparece em combinações tão variadas quesua descrição não pode integrar-se numa fórmula rígida, com itens predeterminados.Conseqüentemente, a parte principal da descrição do cargo é usualmentedactilografada numa fôlha de papel comum e anexada a modelo próprio,que consiste, antes de tudo, numa capa, utilizada para fins de identificaçãoe autenticação.
Situação do aposentado
Authors: Victorino Moreira Oscar
Published: November 2020

Neste rápido estudo, iremos tratar do aposentado, tenha exercido êle umcargo público, como funcionário, ou uma função, como extranumerário; interessa-nos a situação do aposentado.
A Evolução do Municipalismo no Brasil
Authors: Delorenzo Neto A.
Published: November 2020

A doutrina municipalista como tal, implicaria na compreensão do Estadopelo Município, quando, a rigor, a problemática do Município se situa comoelemento da teoria do Estado. Pensar o contrário seria adotar a visão unilateraldo problema, e caminhar num desvio demagógico que repugna ao maiselementar raciocínio científico.
O Município na Colômbia
Authors: C.Cortês Antônio
Published: November 2020

Como já se afirmou, a Constituição Nacional da Colômbia consagra oprincípio da autonomia municipal, mas, na prática, em virtude de leis e atosadministrativos de tôda a ordem e hierarquia, esta autonomia desaparece.Cada dia é maior a intervenção das esferas superiores na organização e govêrnodo Município, a ponto de convertê-lo numa simples dependência administrativado poder central.
A Programação no Orçamento Federal Norte Americano
Authors: S Burrows Don , Landau G.D
Published: November 2020

Se a administração do orçamento pertencesse à categoria de mero recursoacessório, se as suas técnicas se limitassem apenas à simplificação e padronizaçãode métodos e processos, se em outras palavras, não constitui senãoum instrumento secundário usado no processo administrativo geral, então sepoderia compreender a escassa atenção de que tem sido alvo. Entretanto,como assinalou o Presidente, o orçamento representa um “plano de ação” .Por êste motivo, é por vêzes tão relevante quanto as determinações normativasda lei.
Análise da situação financeira do município de São Bernardo do Campo
Authors: Delorenzo Neto A.
Published: November 2020

Considerando ainda as exigências administrativas do Município de SãoBernardo do Campo, em face de sua população que se aproxima de 100.000habitantes — notamos que sua arrecadação atual está deficitária, pois, dentroda área econômica em que se situa, a sua média de tributação deverá atingira Cr$ 1.500,00 “per capita” . Em conseqüência, se o orçamento há de apresentarum cunho progressista, só o poderá alcançar se se aperfeiçoar tecnicamentea legislação tributária relacionando-a com os fatores econômicos.
Análise das Principais Teorias de Organização
Authors: Marques de Souza Wahrlich Beatriz
Published: November 2020

A classificação dada a êste grupo é talvez ainda mais arbitrária do queaquela sob a qual as duas escolas precedentes foram tratadas. Poder-se-iaargumentar que os psicologistas, objeto do presente capítulo, seriam, com maispropriedade, denominados “psicologistas sociais”, estando também neste casoo grupo que se lhe segue, dos que são aqui chamados “sociólogos da organização’. Bem podèria ser assim, mas êstes dois grupos apresentam característicasdistintas que sugerem ser mais indicado tratá-los separadamente. Alémdisso, os que têm sido designados “os psicologistas” deram mais importânciaàs “reações individuais”, enquanto os “sociólogos” concentraram sua análiseno “comportamento do grupo” .
Código Universal de Classificação Decimal
Authors: Porto Moitinho Álvaro
Published: November 2020

Sistema de Classificação Decimal, idealizado pelo bibliotecário americanoMelvil Dewey, é admirável não apenas pela imensa melhoria que trouxe àclassificação dos assuntos na arrumação das bibliotecas, pois estendeu seusbenefícios a tôdas as sistematizações de matérias.Sofre entretanto algumas falhas na Classificação Universal em vigor. Ea razão é facilmente explicável.
Necessidade da Reorganização Rural do Brasil
Authors: Torres de Freitas Byron
Published: November 2020

Necessidade urgente da reorganização rural do Brasil, com a extinçãogradual das grandes glebas improdutivas, mediante indenização, acurto ou longo prazo. Ao mesmo tem po, incentivo concreto à produção agrícola, considerando-se que a simples entrega de terras aos lavradores pobres nãosoluciona a trem enda crise de abastecim ento em que se debate o país.
O Mandado de Segurança e o Direito Comparado
Authors: Wald Arnold
Published: November 2020

Lembrava Gutteridge. em julho de 1952, que o verdadeiro objetivo do direitocomparado é menos a unificação do direito dos diversos Estados do que amelhor compreensão dos direitos nacionais pelo emprego do método comparativo,a descoberta da melhor norma de jure constituendo e a aproximaçãodos povôs
Etapas da Evolução Político-Administrativa do Brasil
Authors: Monteiro Lopes Tomás de Vilanova
Published: November 2020

A fórmula jurídica através da qual se constituíam as capitanias hereditáriasé de difícil conceituação. Nela divisamos traços característicos de váriosinstitutos, como ó usufruto, a concessão de serviço público, a sociedade m ercantilde capital misto e a autarquia. Não sendo possível enquadrá-la emnenhuma das categorias jurídicas rigorosamente definidas, deu-se-lhe o nomede donatária.
As Economias de Após-Guerra - Clearings e Operações triangulares
Authors: Benigno Cavalcanti Iralton
Published: November 2020

De fato, antes de 1914, a economia mundial se desenvolvia debaixo damais completa liberdade de ação no comércio internacional. A lei da ofertae da procura tinha seu campo de aplicação aberto, influindo não só no mercadomonetário, fazendo oscilar as taxas de conversão de câmbio através deum mecanismo normal e espontâneo — o movimento de livre circulação decapitais — , como também no mercado comercial, em que os preços das mercadoriaseram o resultado real da competição livre dos povos e não o efeitoda aplicação obrigatória de taxas oficiais de câmbio, que a Primeira GrandeGuerra nos legou, que a crise de 1929 veio consolidar mais ainda e que aSegunda Guerra Mundial só poderia conservar pela necessidade imposta aosGovernos de equilibrar suas economias abaladas pela inflação resultante dosfenômenos em causa.