bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small beginnings: Interactions between fire timing and the giant sequoia seedling generation niche
Authors: Lauder Jeffrey , Stephens Molly , Reynoso Citlally , Cisneros-Carey Alex , Lommel Yazmín , Moraes Oli , Sanchez Tomas , Heckel Aubrie , Campos-Melendez Abel , Tse Amanda , Dickman Garrett , Reyes Thomas , Sexton Jason P.
Published: March 2024

Background:
As fire regimes change under a warming climate, ideal tree seedling recruitment locations and conditions are important to understand for forest management and restoration. In forests adapted to frequent, low-intensity fire, reintroduction of fire is often the preferred or recommended management approach. Little work, however, has explored the interacting roles of local-scale microhabitat and fire severity in determining post-fire recruitment. Here we use a back burn applied to a giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum [Lindl.] Buchholz) grove in Yosemite National Park, California, to ask how sub-meter microhabitat variation influences seedling establishment and growth following fire.
Results
Post-fire S. giganteum seedling establishment was greatest in microhabitats with lower burn severity, higher post-fire sequoia litter, higher moss cover, and higher presence of sequoia cones.
Conclusion
These results indicate the importance of burn severity coupled with propagule pressure and post-fire surface organic matter in defining the seedling regeneration niche. These attributes should be incorporated in future fire management and seedling recruitment plans.
Comparative Evaluation of Visual and Tactile Spatial Guidance Systems in Virtual Reality
Authors: Liu Zhi , Li Jingjing , Fushimi Tatsuki , Ochiai Yoichi
Published: March 2024

Despite the common use of visual aids for spatial guidance, the extensive use of visual elements can lead to interface overcrowding and visual overload. In contrast, tactile navigation presents a vision-free alternative in assisting way-finding tasks. However, previous studies kept directional cues constantly active in experiments, overlooking potential differences in user interaction behavior caused by variations in interpretation speed and localization accuracy between visual, tactile, and combined spatial guidance. Additionally, these studies typically simplified navigation tasks, focusing on following cues without the multitasking demands of large-scale virtual environments. This paper aims to fill the gap by investigating the effects of visual, vibrotactile (equidistant and localized magnification), and combined (visual + equidistant and visual + localized magnification) spatial guidance modalities on task performance, user behavior and tendency in large-scale virtual environments.By building an immersive virtual scene that enables continuous tracking of participants' performance and interaction behaviors, results indicated no significant disparities in task completion times and way-finding strategies across modalities. However, tactile modalities were activated more frequently but for a shorter duration compared to visual and combined modalities. Moreover, when both visual and tactile directional cues were presented, users tended to rely on visual cues.
Elevation of ST After Successful Primary PCI with Acute Myocardial Infarction Patient: Hyperkalemia Induced Brugada Phenocopy
Authors: Li Jiazheng , Zou Qi , Sun Shougang
Published: March 2024

The common reason of ST re-elevation after successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention within 24 hours is thrombosis in stent. However, not all ST re-elevations are caused by thrombosis, several clinical conditions other than Brugada syndrome can mimic acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Brugada phenocopies are a part of those conditions that can mimic either true Brugada syndrome or acute myocardial infarction. It is important for physicans to identify these electrocardiogram changes and avoid inappropriate therapy.
Comparison of hand-sewn anastomosis and FETE anastomosis in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy among elderly patients
Authors: Chen Junyu , Qiu Kaijie , Wang Haibiao , Wang Jie , Zhu Jie , Li Hong
Published: March 2024

Background: Esophagojejunostomy poses a significant challenge in the context of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG). The objective of this study was to compare the feasibility and safety of two distinct anastomotic techniques, namely hand-sewn anastomosis and functional end-to-end (FETE) anastomosis, in elderly patients undergoing TLTG.
Methods: The clinical data of 28 elderly patients aged ≥ 60 years who underwent TLTG at Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital (Xingning hospital district) between January 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical experiences were comprehensively examined and summarized
Results: There were 15 cases in hand-sewn anastomosis group and 13 cases in FETE anastomosis group. The two groups exhibited disparities in terms of the distance from the tumor's upper margin to the esophageal resection margin, duration of surgery, and utilization of intraoperative gastroscopy. In the hand-sewn anastomosis group, the mean distance from the tumor's upper margin to the esophageal resection margin was 1.8 cm. Intraoperative gastroscopy was employed in 13 cases, with an average operative duration of 404 minutes. In the FETE anastomosis group, the the mean distance from the tumor's upper margin to the esophageal resection margin, no patients used intraoperative gastroscopy, and the average operation time was 265 minutes
Conclusion: The hand-sewn anastomosis is deemed suitable for patients with a high anastomosis position, however, its execution poses challenges and consumes considerable time. The fete anastomosis technique is characterized by its efficiency and simplicity; however, it poses a significant risk for patients with a high anastomotic site.
Root phenotypic plasticity: agronomic, breeding and modelling implications
Authors: Zhao Dongxue , de Voil Peter , Sadras Victor , Palta Jairo , Rodriguez Daniel
Published: March 2024

CONTEXT. Phenotypic plasticity is one of four strategies for coping with environmental heterogeneity, and can be valuable for crop adaptation.
OBJECTIVE. With a perspective of phenotypic plasticity, we focus on root traits associated to water uptake and yield formation in field-grown sorghum aiming to study: (1) How do genetic (G), environmental (E) and management (M) factors and their interactions, affect functional root traits? (2) How does plasticity in root traits affect crop yield and yield stability?; and (3) How can plasticity in root traits be introduced in functional crop models?
METHODS. A new high-throughput functional root phenotyping approach, that uses time-lapsed electromagnetic induction (EMI) surveys, was used in field G´E´M trials to quantify maximum rooting depth – RD, and a root activity index– RA. Phenotypic plasticity was determined using a reaction norm method.
RESULTS. The root phenotyping approach captured G´E´M effects on RA and RD. There was a hierarchy of plasticities for above and below ground traits, i.e., grain number traits > root traits > grain weight traits. The plasticity of root traits was associated to the stability in grain yield traits. Hybrids with high plasticity in root traits tended to stabilise grain numbers and grain weights. Useful diversity in the mean value and plasticity of root traits amongst commercial sorghum hybrids was found here, that could be used to match root phenotypes to target production environments.
CONCLUSIONS. The developed high-throughput root phenotyping approach can be a useful tool in breeding and agronomy to increase crop adaptation to drought stress.
MicroRNA Expression Analysis of the Rat Brain During Neuropathic Pain Development
Authors: Pando Miryam , Misganaw Burook , Dimitrov George , Yang Ruoting , Chavez Roger , Garza Thomas , Trevino Alex V , Priess Michaela , Gautam Aarti , Hammamieh Rasha , Clifford John L , Stark Thomas R , Hinojosa-Laborde Carmen , Davidson Nathan , Sosanya Natasha M
Published: March 2024

Background Approximately 40% of Service Members deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and an astounding 80% of Veterans overall report experiencing pain. Currently, drugs that adequately treat pain may result in addiction and substance abuse or negative side effects such as nausea, vomiting, renal and cardiovascular issues, among other physiological and cognitive problems. Inadequate acute pain management can lead to the development of chronic pain. Combat and non-combat injuries, acute and chronic pain all have the potential to impact return-to-duty rates/decisions, thereby negatively affecting the Fighting Force. To develop more effective pain therapeutics, the molecular mechanisms contributing to the development of neuropathic pain are under intense investigation and further research is needed to fully understand neuropathic pain induction and maintenance. The overarching objective of this study is to identify microRNA (miRNA) changes in key brain regions during the onset and progression of neuropathic pain in a rodent model. Results Changes in miRNA expression were observed at day 15 post-SNL in the amygdala and thalamus. The majority of changes were observed in the left side of the brain, contralateral to the right-sided SNL injury. The DE miRNAs identified mainly in the amygdala and thalamus did not overlap between brain regions. The altered miRNAs regulate key signaling pathways and genes important in pain development. Discussion The majority of epigenetic studies investigating altered miRNA expression in the pain field have explored the peripheral nervous system. Very few studies have evaluated miRNA dynamics in the brain following neuropathic pain development. This study provides key insights into changes occurring in the brain following peripheral nerve injury. Our lab has previously identified circulating extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNAs that are altered in the blood post-SNL. There is some overlap between the blood and brain miRNAs that may serve as key biomarkers in prognosis and/or diagnosis of a peripheral nerve injury and the development of chronic pain.
PackDock: a Diffusion Based Side Chain Packing Model for Flexible Protein-Ligand Docking
Authors: Zheng Mingyue , Zhang Runze , Jiang Xinyu , Cao Duanhua , Yu Jie , Chen Mingan , Fan Zhehuan , Kong Xiangtai , Xiong Jiacheng , Zhang Zimei , Zhang Wei , Ni Shengkun , Wang Yitian , Gao Shenghua
Published: March 2024

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) relies on accurate knowledge of protein structure and ligand-binding conformations. However, most of the static conformations obtained by advanced methods such as structural biology and de novo protein folding algorithms often don’t meet the needs for drug design. We introduce PackDock, a flexible docking method that combines “conformation selection” and “induced fit” mechanisms in a two-stage docking pipeline. The core module of this method is PackPocket, which uses a diffusion model to sample diverse conformations within the equilibrium distribution of the ligand binding pocket or to converge towards the side-chain conformations induced by the ligand. We evaluate our method using several tests that reflect real-world application scenarios. (1) Side-chain packing and Re-docking experiments validate the ability of PackDock to predict accurate side-chain conformations and ligand conformations. (2) Cross-docking experiments with apo and non-homologous ligand-induced holo structures align with real docking scenarios, demonstrating PackDock’s practical value. (3) Docking experiments with hypothetical models show that PackPocket can potentially conduct SBDD starting from protein sequence information only. Additionally, we found that PackDock can identify key amino acid conformation changes, which may provide insights for lead compound optimization. We demonstrate PackDock can accurately predict the complex conformations in various application scenarios, by combining the conformation selection mechanism and the induced fit mechanism, and by using the ability of PackPocket to accurately predict the side chain conformations in the pocket region. We believe this method can improve the usability of existing structures, providing a new perspective for the SBDD community.
Optimizations of Cutting Coefficients in Milling with Population Based Meta-Heuristic Algorithms and Modelling of Cutting Forces
Authors: Bayram Bayram Sercan , Atila Ümit , Korkut İhsan
Published: March 2024

The milling process needs to be optimized to improve production outputs. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the cutting forces that have significant effects on the performance of the milling process. In the literature, researchers have developed many models based on predicting the forces generated during milling. However, the developed models require many experimental data. In this study, a hybrid method, including metaheuristic algorithms and semi-analytical methods, is developed to predict milling cutting forces. The presented method uses a semi-analytical mechanistic prediction model and optimizes the cutting constants (Ktc, Kte, Krc, and Kre) with population-based swarm intelligence algorithms. Genetic Algorithm (GA), Differential Development Algorithm (DE), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithms are chosen to solve the problem. The analytical prediction model based on truncation coefficients is set as the objective function. Each algorithm was run thirty times for the solution, and their performances were compared. DE was the best-performing algorithm in terms of stability and speed. Experimental measurements were performed to verify the results. The actual cutting force components and the predicted force components Fx and Fy were evaluated by the coefficient of determination (R2). The results for the force components Fx and Fy were observed to be similar to the actual measurement results, with an accuracy of 88.8% and 92.7%, respectively. The method presented in the study proved that the cutting coefficients can be calculated much faster with only one experiment. The findings are promising for future studies on cutting conditions and autonomous execution of the process.
Groundwater Potential Assessment Using Integrated 2D and 3D Electrical Tomography and 2D Gravity Modeling: A Case Study of the Burka Uke Catchment, West Ethiopia.
Authors: Fufa Imiru Adugna , Lamessa Geremew
Published: March 2024

The expanding infrastructure and growing population of Uke town necessitate a greater water supply for agricultural and drinking uses. As a result, the goal of this research is to map the aquifer in the Burka Uke catchment in West Ethiopia by determining the depth of the basement rocks, the resistivity and density of subsurface layers, their thickness, and the structural components. To identify the potential for groundwater and the structural components that regulate the geometry of groundwater aquifers in the region, this study combines integrated electrical resistivity tomography with gravity modeling. Low resistivity variations in the subsurface are revealed by resistivity profile studies (1, 4, and 6), suggesting the existence of possible groundwater aquifers. The stark difference in resistivity values between 498 and 1612 ohm.m. is thought to indicate a high fracture density, which could indicate the presence of geological structures that could support the buildup of groundwater. Additionally, the entire Bouguer gravity anomaly image, which is separated into regional and residual components, displays values ranging from 51.79 to 41.59 mGal. Fault elements have been identified using the residual gravity anomaly map; fault elements that strike from south to north have been mapped in this study. Furthermore, the results of 2D and 3D electrical tomography as well as 2D gravity modeling along B-B' show that the aquifer extends far across the research area in a north‒south direction.
Computational analysis of congenital heart disease associated SNPs: Unveiling their impact on the gene regulatory system
Authors: Vashisht Shikha , Parisi Costantino , Winata Cecilia
Published: March 2024

Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a prevalent condition characterized by defective heart development, causing premature death and stillbirths among infants. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have provided insights into the role of genetic variants in CHD pathogenesis through the identification of a comprehensive set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Notably, 90–95% of these variants reside in the noncoding genome, complicating the understanding of their underlying mechanisms.
Results
In this study, we developed a systematic computational pipeline for the identification and analysis of CHD-associated SNPs spanning both coding and noncoding regions of the genome. Initially, we curated a thorough dataset of SNPs from GWAS-catalog and ClinVar database and filtered them based on CHD-related traits. Subsequently, these CHD-SNPs were annotated and categorized into noncoding and coding regions based on their location. To study the functional implications of noncoding CHD-SNPs, we cross-validated them with enhancer-specific histone modification marks from developing human heart across 9 Carnegie stages and identified potential cardiac enhancers. This approach led to the identification of 2,056 CHD-associated putative enhancers (CHD-enhancers), 38.9% of them overlapping with known enhancers catalogued in human enhancer disease database. We identified heart-related transcription factor binding sites within these CHD-enhancers, offering insights into the impact of SNPs on TF binding. Conservation analysis further revealed that many of these CHD-enhancers were highly conserved across vertebrates, suggesting their evolutionary significance. Utilizing heart-specific expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data, we further identified a subset of 63 CHD-SNPs with regulatory potential distributed across various cardiac tissues. Concurrently, coding CHD-SNPs were represented as a protein interaction network and its subsequent binding energy analysis focused on a pair of proteins within this network, pinpointed a deleterious coding CHD-SNP, rs770030288, located in C2 domain of MYBPC3 protein.
Conclusions
Overall, our findings demonstrate that SNPs have the potential to disrupt gene regulatory systems, either by affecting enhancer sequences or modulating protein-protein interactions, which can lead to abnormal developmental processes contributing to CHD pathogenesis.
Enhancing Healthcare Security Using IoT and Blockchain through the Perspective of Novel Solidity Smart Contracts
Authors: Nath Kedar Nath Singh Kedar , Kumar Arvind Kumar Upadhyay Arvind
Published: March 2024

This study employs new Solidity smart contracts to construct a novel healthcare safety system that combines blockchain and IoT. The recommended approach has been extensively tested and proven to efficiently encrypt data, manage access correctly, and monitor accurately in real time. The study's complete ablation analysis breaks into wearables for continual tracking, smart contracts for authorization and access management, and blockchain for data security. The results demonstrate how crucial these pieces are and how they depend on each other for system strength and efficacy. By addressing data breaches, illegal access, and incorrect real-time tracking, this study illuminates hospital IT security. Safety and scalability make the recommended approach an excellent choice for protecting private health information. This improves patient care and security. New technology makes the supplied healthcare security system fit to lead. Future development will focus on adapting to new technology, introducing powerful machine learning algorithms for predictive analytics, and making it more user-friendly. This study's findings are crucial to healthcare data management's future since they indicate progress.
Beamforming and lightweight GRU neural networkcombination model for multi-channel speech enhancement
Authors: Cao Zhengdong , Li Dongmei
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a multi-channel speech enhancement structure combining beamformers and lightweightneural networks is proposed. By using a first-order differential beamformer to improve the signalto-noise ratio of the target speech, the burden on the subsequent neural network is reduced, thuslowering the complexity of the required neural network. A two-stage gated recurrent neural networkis employed, where the first stage recurrent neural network processes the channel characteristics ofthe speech and the second handles the frequency domain features of the speech. The frequency banddivision combined with convolution is used to further compress the network scale. With suitable lossfunction, the speech enhancement performance of the model is further improved.The proposed modelstructure is trained, evaluated, and validated using simulated multi-channel microphone array datasetsgenerated from the public TIMIT dataset. The results demonstrate that our model achieves goodmulti-channel speech enhancement performance with relatively small parameter and computationalrequirements when compared to popular existing approaches.
Trend and factor modeling for early treatment for fever in children under 5 years of age in Guinea
Authors: Diallo Mamadou Dian Dilé , Kaba Sidiki , Winner Michelle
Published: March 2024

Malaria remains the leading cause of morbidity in Guinea. To contain it, the national program to combat malaria, following the directives of the World Health Organization, prioritizes: the mass distribution of mosquito nets impregnated with insecticides, seasonal chemo-prevention, intermittent preventive treatment of in pregnant women, and the correct management of all confirmed cases. The latest survey on malaria and anemia indicators carried out in 2021 indicates a malaria prevalence of 17% among children under 5 years old. Among these children who contracted fever during the last two weeks preceding the survey, seeking care within 48 hours was only made for 32% of cases in 2021 while it was 37% in 2018 Or a drop in healthcare use while malaria prevalence remains high. Faced with this observation, it is important to identify the factors which explain this low recourse to care and/or treatment in cases of fever in children under five years of age in Guinea? In this perspective, we used data from the 2018 demographic and health survey and those from the 2021 malaria and anemia indicators survey. Descriptive and predictive analyzes were used to identify the factors common and specific conditions associated with early recourse to care for fever in children in Guinea. The results show that early care-seeking is low and is decreasing while the prevalence of malaria has remained constant at 17% since 2018. In addition, care-seeking is lower in rural areas and among poor households. and in the regions of Boké, Kindia, Labé and Nzérékoré. Studies on the use of care in cases of fever in children including endemic areas would make it possible to identify new strategies towards the eradication of malaria in Guinea.
Passive Cooling System for Laptop Computers using Phase Change Materials
Authors: Farhan Farhan , Gul Rizwan M. , Akhtar Kareem
Published: March 2024

Overheating hinders optimum functionality and makes computers vulnerable to malfunctioning during extensive usage. In this study, thermally conductive pads of phase change material (PCM) were developed to cool a CPU. The organic PCM, polyethylene glycol-1500 (PEG-1500), which has a melting range of 45.5-48.5oC, was selected for this study. Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles were mixed for nano-enhancement. GO nanoparticles were prepared by the modified Hummer’s method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical compositions of PEG-1500 and GO/PEG-1500 were validated by FTIR. The thermal conductivities of pure PEG-1500 and the GO/PEG-1500 composite were studied by a thermal constant analyzer, and the incorporation of GO increased the thermal conductivity by 16.81%. The packs were placed at the spots of heat concentration, which led to an almost 10oC lower temperature. Recharging the molten pads does not require any external energy and provides a safe and inexpensive passive cooling system.
High-order Harmonic Generation in a Doped Semiconductor by Inhomogeneous Laser Field
Authors: Njoroge Stephen Maina , Kinyua Dickson Mwenda
Published: March 2024

Background
High order harmonic generation has emerged as a reliable method in spectroscopy, production of high frequency light and attosecond pulses. Since its inception, gases has been extensively used as the target medium. The gas target has constrained the applications of high order harmonic due to production of low harmonic yield thus the need to explore solid target. However, high order harmonic generation in solid has not been fully characterized since they are not synonymous to gas-phase. Here, we study the influence of doping and inhomogeneity of the laser field on high order harmonic generation in a semiconductor.
Results
We have theoretically investigated the high-order harmonic generation of the doped semiconductor in an inhomogeneous laser field. The results show that the high-order harmonic generation process can be effectively controlled. The harmonic spectrum is characterized by two plateau structures; first and second plateau. In the second plateau harmonic intensity was boosted on introduction of a dopant by approximately one to three orders in the homogeneous field. In addition, the impact of inhomogeneity parameter and doping rate is investigated. The results show that by altering the inhomogeneity values and the doping rate high harmonic orders can be effectively increased.
Conclusion
From the study, its demonstrated that control of semiconductor high order harmonic generation can be achieved by controlling the dopant, doping rate as well as the laser field. Moreover, the harmonic yield is greatly enhanced. Since the generation process encodes material characteristic, the harmonics can give insight about target structure.
The Role of Functional Health Literacy in terms of Harmful Alcohol Use in Adults with Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Gould Dylan A. , Lubin Rebecca E. , McGrew Shelby J. , Smit Tanya , Vujanovic Anka A. , Otto Michael W. , Zvolensky Michael J.
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The current study examined functional health literacy (FHL) in regard to hazardous drinking among a sample with probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD).
Methods
Participants were 565 adults with probable PTSD and hazardous alcohol use (52.2% female, 68.8% Non-Hispanic White, average age = 39.2 years ± 10.9 years).
Results
FHL literacy maintained statistically significant role in terms of hazardous drinking (p < .001) even in the context of posttraumatic stress.
Conclusion
FHL may be important to better understand hazardous drinking among persons with comorbid PTSD and AUD.
Applying Boron by Fertigation or as a Foliar Fertilizer Is More Effective than Soil Applications in Northern Highbush Blueberry
Authors: Leon-Chang David P. , Bryla David R.
Published: March 2024

Boron (B) is often deficient in many fruit crops, including blueberry (Vaccinium sp.). The objective of the present study was to evaluate different methods for applying B fertilizers to two commercial cultivars of northern highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum Earliblue and Aurora) in western Oregon, USA. Treatments included soil application of sodium tetraborate in early April (before bloom), foliar application of boric acid in late April (during bloom or petal fall), weekly fertigation with boric acid from April through July, and a control with no B. The plants were irrigated by drip, and the fertilizers were applied for two consecutive seasons at a total rate of 1.5 kg·ha−1 B per year. Each method of fertilizer application increased the concentration of B in the soil solution relative to the control, but fertigation was the only treatment that increased extractable soil B to the recommended level of 0.5 to 1.0 mg·kg−1 B. In terms of plant nutrition, foliar application of B was the most effective method for increasing the concentration of B in the leaves, roots, and fruit, followed by fertigation. Soil application of B, on the other hand, was relatively ineffective and, after 2 years, only increased the concentration of B in the leaves of ‘Earliblue’. Although leaf B levels were initially deficient at the site (<30 ppm B), none of the B application methods had any effect on yield, berry weight, fruit firmness, or titratable acidity of the fruit in either cultivar. However, foliar applied B resulted in higher concentrations of soluble solids in the fruit than no B or soil applied B in ‘Earliblue’, whereas B fertigation resulted in higher concentrations of soluble solids than soil applied B in ‘Aurora’. On the basis of these results, applying B by fertigation or as a foliar spray is recommended over the use of soil applications of B fertilizer in northern highbush blueberry.
Weather-based Scheduling and Pulse Drip Irrigation Increase Growth and Production of Northern Highbush Blueberry
Authors: Carroll Jesse L. , Orr Scott T. , Retano Andrea , Gregory Alexander D. , Lukas Scott B. , Bryla David R.
Published: March 2024

Northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) often requires frequent irrigation for commercial production, but irrigation is becoming increasingly challenging for many growers because of warmer and drier weather conditions, increased water regulations, and other water-use limitations. The purpose of this study was to develop improved methods of irrigation to prepare the industry more effectively against future water uncertainties. Treatments were applied for 2 years (2021 and 2022) and included a combination of weather-based or fixed irrigation schedules using continuous or pulse irrigation in a commercial field of ‘Draper’ blueberry in eastern Washington, USA. The soil at the site was a silt loam, and irrigation was applied using two laterals of drip tubing per row. Plants on a fixed schedule were irrigated for 12 to 13 hours per application (set by the grower), whereas those on a weather-based schedule were irrigated according to daily estimates of crop evapotranspiration (downloaded from an automated weather station). In both cases, irrigation was applied every 2 to 4 days as a single, continuous application or in 30- to 50-minute pulses every 2 hours (up to nine times per day) with the same amount of water as the continuous treatment. During the first year of the study, weather-based scheduling maintained greater stem water potentials in the plants and, on average, increased yield by 3.4 t⋅ha–1, berry weight by 0.14 g/berry, berry diameter by 0.4 mm, and fruit bud set by 4.3% when compared with fixed scheduling. Likewise, pulse irrigation maintained greater stem water potentials and, on average, increased berry weight and diameter by 0.10 g and 0.4 mm, respectively, fruit bud set by 3.3%, and canopy cover by 2.4% relative to continuous irrigation. Yield and canopy cover were unaffected by any treatment in the second year, which was likely a result of uncharacteristically cool, wet weather in the spring. However, weather-based scheduling continued to maintain greater stem water potentials and, when combined with pulse irrigation, increased berry weight and diameter by 3.7 g and 1.0 mm, respectively, relative to continuous irrigation on a fixed schedule. Pulse drip irrigation also increased fruit bud set by 5.1% during the second year. These results demonstrate the potential benefits of using weather-based scheduling and pulse drip in northern highbush blueberry, especially when the plants are grown on light-textured soils in hot, dry climates.
Root System Reductions of Grafted ‘Valencia’ Orange Trees Are More Extensive Than Aboveground Reductions after Natural Infection with Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus
Authors: Tardivo Caroline , Archer Leigh , Nunes Larissa , Alferez Fernando , Albrecht Ute
Published: March 2024

Huanglongbing (HLB), which is associated with the phloem-limited bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), is a devastating disease that affects citrus trees worldwide. Because of the pervasiveness of the bacteria and psyllid vector, the disease is considered endemic in Florida. Although the effects of CLas on tree growth and physiology have been investigated for decades, most studies compared infected and noninfected trees under greenhouse conditions. This study used newly planted field-grown ‘Valencia’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) trees on two different rootstocks to monitor the distribution and accumulation of CLas in aboveground and belowground tissues following natural psyllid colonization and assess tree physiological responses and biomass reductions under HLB-endemic conditions. Trees were transplanted into the field with individual protective covers (IPCs), which are used to exclude psyllids and prevent infection. Openings were cut in the IPCs of half of the trees; to promote infection, these IPCs were temporarily removed during the main vegetative flushing period when psyllid populations were high. All trees that were exposed to psyllids became infected and displayed the symptoms typically associated with HLB. Throughout the study, higher levels of CLas were detected in the leaves compared with those in the fibrous roots. Trees that were not exposed to psyllids remained noninfected and healthy. After 18 months, a subset of trees was excavated to assess biomass differences between infected and noninfected trees. Infected trees had root system reductions of 37% and shoot system reductions of 20%, thereby significantly reducing the belowground-to-aboveground biomass ratio. Fibrous root loss was 49% and more severe than the loss of the rest of the root tissue. This study is the first to demonstrate the full extent of damage caused by CLas infection under natural HLB-endemic conditions. The results confirm previous observations that suggested fibrous root loss as one of the major consequences of infection and colonization with CLas. They also reinforce the benefits of using IPCs to prevent infection of young citrus trees during the first years of growth in the field.
Foliar Application of Moringa Seed Extract Alone or in Combination with Salicylic Acid Enhanced Growth, Bioactive, and Phytohormone Compositions of Cancer Bush Plants under Heat Stress
Authors: Buthelezi Nana Millicent Duduzile , Mugivhisa Liziwe Lizbeth , Gololo Sechene Stanley
Published: March 2024

Cancer bush (Lessertia frutescens L.) is an important medicinal plant that is rich in health beneficial compounds. It is commonly used in traditional medicine and as an ornamental plant. Heat stress is the most threatening abiotic factor restricting plant growth, thus causing crop yield and economic losses worldwide. The application of plant-derived biostimulant is as an innovative and promising approach for improving plant growth and productivity. The study was aimed to investigate the effect of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seed extract (MSE; 5%) either alone or in combination with salicylic acid (SA; 40 mg/L) on the growth, bioactive, and phytohormone attributes of cancer plants subjected to heat stress (38 °C for 2 hours for 5 days). Plants that were not treated were used as control. Plant pots were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) for treatments (MSE, SA, and MSE + SA) at 7-day intervals during the experiment. Both MSE and MSE + SA foliar application effectively increased plant growth characteristics and total carotenoids contents, and reduced electrolyte leakage and had no symptoms of wilting compared with SA and control. Plants treated with MSE showed higher number of branches and concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and lower superoxide and hydrogen peroxide compared with other treatments and control. Also, plants treated with MSE + SA showed higher total chlorophylls and glutathione concentrations compared with other treatments and control. Overall, the application of MSE either alone or in combination with SA enhanced plant growth and productivity of heat-stressed cancer bush plants.
Women’s Online Driver! Flexibility and Work Environment to Job Satisfaction: Moderation Effect of General Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Maroddah Rozanatul , Eko Pujianto Wahyu
Published: March 2024

Online drivers are one of the alternative jobs in the informal sector. In the development of women's increasingly active roles, work flexibility and work environment are key factors that influence the job satisfaction of female drivers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between work flexibility, work environment, and job satisfaction in female drivers. In addition, this study was conducted to examine whether generalized anxiety disorder can moderate this relationship. The method used is quantitative method, using purposive sampling technique based on 99 female drivers. Data collection was done through online questionnaire distribution (Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp). The results of this study indicate that flexibility has no significant effect on job satisfaction, and the work environment has a significant effect on job satisfaction. Generalized anxiety disorder has no significant impact on job satisfaction. While as a moderating variable, generalized anxiety disorder weakens the relationship between flexibility and work environment on job satisfaction.
تحليل توافق الرؤية والرسالة والأهداف والمنهج لبرنامج دراسة تعليم اللغة العربية في جامعة الإسلامية جيفسونج تاسيق ملايا جوى الغربية
Authors: Arifin Moh Aziz
Published: March 2024

: تهدف هذه البحث إلى مراجعة الرؤية والرسالة والأهداف والمنهج الدراسي لبرنامج دراسة تعليم اللغة العربية في جامعة الإسلامية جيفسونج تاسيق ملايا جوى الغربية. طريقة البحث المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي طريقة دراسة الوثيقة، حيث تأتي الوثائق المستخدمة كمواد بحثية من الويبhttps://iaic.ac.id/. تحليل البيانات المستخدمة هو تحليل نوعي وصفي. وتظهر نتائج البحث أنه في إدارة وتطوير مؤسسات التعليم العالي، فإن برنامج دراسة تعليم اللغة العربية التابع لـجامعة الإسلامية جيفاسونج  تاسيق ملايا جوى الغربية لديه بالفعل رؤية ورسالة وأهداف ومنهج تم صياغته من أجل تحسين جودة تعليم المؤسسة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، فإن صياغة الرؤية والرسالة والأهداف والمنهج لبرنامج دراسة تعليم اللغة العربية جامعة الإسلامية جيفسونج  تاسيق ملايا جوى الغربية تتوقع تعليمًا احترافيًا وتنافسيًا ومتفوقًا في جوى الغربية وذلك لإنتاج معلمي تعليم اللغة العربية الذين يديرون التعليم ومهنة التدريس والبحث وتطوير تعليم اللغة العربية في مرحلتي التعليم الابتدائي والثانوي من خلال دمج العلوم والتكنولوجيا والإسلام والمدرسة الداخلية الإسلامية
تعلم اللغة العربية ببرنامج زوم في عصر كورونا في جامعة الإسلامية تنجكوا ديروندنج مولابوه
Authors: Armawi Sullati
Published: March 2024

مستخلص البحث : تهدف هذه الدراسة لوصف عملية تعلم اللغة العربية ببرنامج زوم في الجامعة الإسلامية تنجكوا ديرندنج مولابوه بأتشية غربية و تحليل مزايا و عيوبها. استخدمت الباحثة المدخل الكيفي و المنهج الوصفي  في وجود البيانات. ثم حللت الباحثة عن البيانات بنظرية التحليلية مايليس وهيبرمان منها تكثيف البيانات و عرضها و إستنتاجها. أما نتائج البحث فهي أن تعلم اللغة العربية ببرنامج زوم  هو نقل العلوم من مراكز تجمعه إلى أماكن بعيدة، و يتم الاتصال بين المعلم و المتعلم تفاعليا، يستطيع المعلم أن يلقي المحاضرات و الدروس ولو كان مكان التعلم بعيد من مصدر مكان المعلم. أما مزايا هذا البرنامج منها يشعر المعلم سهولة في شرح المادة من خلال عرض شاشة المشاركة حتى يكون التفاعل  بينهم بشكل مباشر، و يجيد زيادة حماسة التعلم في نفس المتعلمين و يزيد الخبرة للمتعلم في أنشطة التعلم جديدة.

الكلمة المفتاحية : تعلم اللغة العربية، برنامج زوم

 

Abstract: This study aims to describe the process of learning the Arabic language using zoom meeting application at the Islamic University of Teungku Dirundeng  Meulaboh in West Aceh, and to analyze its advantages and disadvantages. The researcher used the qualitative approach and the descriptive approach in the presence of the data. Then the researcher analyzed the data with the analytical theory of Miles and Huberman, including data condensation, presentation and conclusion. As for the results of the research, learning Arabic language using Zoom meeting application is able to transfer knowledge from regular places to distant places, and communication is made between teacher and learners interactively, the teacher can deliver lectures and lessons even the place of learning is far away from the teacher’s place. As for the advantages of this program, the teacher feels easy to explain the material by displaying the participation screen so that the interaction between them is established, and it is good to increase the enthusiasm for learning in the same learners and increase the experience of the learner in new learning activities.

Keyword : learning the Arabic language, Zoom Meeting Application
Beyond braid statistics: Constructing a lattice model for anyons with exchange statistics intrinsic to one dimension
Authors: Nagies Sebastian , Wang Botao , Knapp Adam C. , Eckardt André , Harshman Nathan L.
Published: March 2024

Anyons obeying fractional exchange statistics arise naturally in two dimensions: Hard-core two-body constraints make the configuration space of particles not simply-connected. The braid group describes how topologically-inequivalent exchange paths can be associated to non-trivial geometric phases for abelian anyons. Braid-anyon exchange statistics can also be found in one dimension (1D), but this requires broken Galilean invariance to distinguish different ways for two anyons to exchange. However, recently it was shown that an alternative form of exchange statistics can occur in 1D because hard-core three-body constraints also make the configuration space not simply-connected. Instead of the braid group, the topology of exchange paths and their associated non-trivial geometric phases are described by the traid group. In this article we propose a first concrete model realizing this alternative form of anyonic exchange statistics. Starting from a bosonic lattice model that implements the desired geometric phases with number-dependent Peierls phases, we then define anyonic operators so that the kinetic energy term in the Hamiltonian becomes local and quadratic with respect to them. The ground-state of this traid-anyon-Hubbard model exhibits several indications of exchange statistics intermediate between bosons and fermions, as well as signs of emergent approximate Haldane exclusion statistics. The continuum limit results in a Galilean invariant Hamiltonian with eigenstates that correspond to previously constructed continuum wave functions for traid anyons. This provides not only an a-posteriori justification of our lattice model, but also shows that our construction serves as an intuitive approach to traid anyons, i.e. anyons intrinsic to 1D.
Effect of COVID-19 fear on nurse performance through insecurity and job satisfaction
Authors: Ayu Gusti Mia , Lukito Hendra , Satrianto Alpon , Marwan  , Setya Prima Heppy
Published: March 2024

Apart from physical health problems, the COVID-19 outbreak also affected psychological health, causing extreme fear of this pandemic. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship between nurse performance and the fear of COVID-19 mediated by job insecurity and job satisfaction with conservation of resources theory as the lens. Data from 260 nurses were collected through an online structured questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling-partial least squares. The direct effect findings show that COVID-19 fear influences job insecurity (p < 0.05) but does not influence job satisfaction and nurse performance (p > 0.05). Besides, job insecurity significantly influences job satisfaction and nurse performance (p < 0.05). On the other hand, job satisfaction has no effect on nurse performance (p > 0.05). Then, the indirect effect results show that job insecurity fully mediates the influence of COVID-19 fear on job satisfaction and nurse performance (p < 0.05). Likewise, job satisfaction partially mediates the influence of job insecurity on nurse performance (p < 0.05) but does not mediate the fear of COVID-19 on nurse performance (p > 0.05). These findings provide evidence that the fear of COVID-19 plays an essential role for job insecurity, influencing job satisfaction and nurse performance. These results can develop strategies for better human resource management in nursing staff and provide pragmatic insight into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
AcknowledgmentThe authors thank Universitas Negeri Padang for its support in completing this article. We also thank all members for their support and cooperation.
ESG factors of city-forming enterprises and the growth of single-industry towns in Russia
Authors:   HSE University, Bozh’ya-Volya Anastasia , Popova Polina ,   HSE University
Published: March 2024

In research, the influence of city-forming enterprises on the single-industry town’s development is considered from the perspective of ESG-parameters of their activities. In the development of the researches of previous authors, the article presents a conceptual model of the influence of city-forming enterprise ESG-indicators on the socio-economic development of a single-industry town, including three types of indicators. If the social aspects of the organization activities are carried out at a city-forming enterprise, this contributes to increase the attractiveness of the labor market in the city and expanding the human potential of the city as a whole. When performing the G-component of organizing the city-forming enterprise activities this contributes not only to attracting investors, but also expanding the practice of co-production public goods in the city, due to the combined efforts of the city-forming enterprise, local governments and external investors. In the article application of ESG-indicators in non-financial reporting of large Russian city-forming enterprises. The authors found public non-financial reports (with ESG-reporting) only in 45 % of Russian city-forming enterprises. The non-financial reports of 30 city-forming enterprises from 19 regions of Russia were studied more detailed. What indicator: economic, social or corporate are presented in them. The authors concluded that the city-forming enterprises demonstrate mainly managerial indicators, the dynamics of staff turnover and responsibility in waste management. Indicators of the environmental, social and managerial components are not always presented in a sufficiently diverse way but one group of indicators may be present, or such indicators are used that do not reflect the initial value of ESG-monitoring. To overcome these imperfections, the article also presents some recommendations for the development of this practice.