bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls Living in Rural Border Areas
Authors: Gupta Ritu , Gupta Ravinder K , Dogra Vallabh , Badyal Himani
Published: September 2020

Objective: To study the various beliefs and problems regarding menstruation among adolescent girls living in rural border areas.

Design- Prospective study.

Setting- Pediatric outpatient clinic.

Materials and methods- About 200 adolescent girls (11-19 years) living in rural border areas were enrolled for the study. These girls were asked about menarche, duration of the cycle, amount of blood loss and the various menstrual problems. They were also asked about the various beliefs and myths regarding menstruation. The girls having any illness affecting the menstrual cycle or those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded from this study.

Results- About 51% of the study population was in the age group 17-18 years. About 43.5% of girls attained menarche at the age of 10-12 years. About 51% of girls did not know about menstruation before menarche. Abdominal pain was the most common side effect seen in 41% of girls during menstruation. About 61% of girls considered themselves unclean during menstruation.  Twenty percent avoided schools, 20% avoided kitchen, 12% avoided temples while 10% stayed away from friends/ relatives. Only 33% of girls knew that menstruation stops temporarily after becoming pregnant. Twenty-two percent girls were using sanitary napkins while the rest used different types of clothes during the menstrual cycle.

Conclusion- There is a dire need to educate girls regarding menstruation before menarche in the rural border areas. Every mother should discuss in a friendly way regarding various aspects of menstruation.
PROFILE OF MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSY CASES CONDUCTED AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN BIKANER, RAJASTHAN: A ONE YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Singh Rajendra , Buri Sanjeev , Pal Chandra , Saini O.P. , Kumar Shalender
Published: September 2020

Background: Medico-legal autopsies form an integral and indispensable part of an investigation of sudden suspicious death. The profile of medico legal autopsy cases is important in order to know the death statistics in a region due to unnatural causes and also help to address the demographic needs according to the mortality statistics specific to that region.

Material and Method: The present study is a one year retrospective study of autopsies performed in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology at Sardar Patel Medical College & P. B. M. Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India from January 2018 to December 2018 comprising 810 cases.

Aim: This study was conducted to find out the profile of different types of cases and to assess the manner & cause of their death.

Result: Out of 810 cases, maximum number of autopsies were in third decade of life (260 cases, 32.10%). Male cases predominated over the female cases, which were 638 (78.77%). Hindus were majority in number with 734 cases (90.62%). Accident, Suicide and Homicide deaths were 504 (62.22%), 177 (21.85%) & 24 (02.96%) cases respectively. Maximum number of deaths were due to road traffic accidents with 313 cases (38.64%) followed by poisoning with 140 cases (17.28%).

Conclusion: It is observed that majority of cases were in 3rd decade of life and Preponderance of male sex is seen over female sex. The most common cause of death is road traffic accident, probably owing to higher frequency of transportation.

Keywords: Autopsy, Road traffic accidents, Poisoning, Burn, Hanging.
DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF DEATHS DUE TO ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS, EXAMINED IN DR. S.N. MEDICAL COLLEGE, JODHPUR (RAJ.)
Authors: Patel Kana Ram , Jugtawat Jagdish , Kumar Shalender , Vyas P.C.
Published: September 2020

Accidents are not due to external factors all the time but often they occur due to failure of control of self-conscience and free thoughts. Road Traffic Accidents is still the major cause of death worldwide including India. A retrospective study has been conducted in Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur (Raj.), in the year 2019 to study the pattern and distribution of Head Injuries of fatal road traffic accidents and to prepare the demographic profile of it. Out of total 901 cases, male to female ratio was 9:1, and commonest age group affected was 21-30 years (39.8%). Among total victims, Hindus were 748 (83%) and rests were Muslims 103 (11.4%) and other religions. Head injury was the most common injury, present alone in 509 cases (56.4%) and in 392 (43.6) cases along with other injuries. Skull fractures were found in 451 (50.5), in which linear/fissure fracture (32.9%) was most common. Most common bone fractured was temporal bone. The commonest variety of intracranial hemorrhage was subdural hemorrhage and craniotomy was done in 29 (3.2%) cases.

Keywords: Accidents, Road traffic, Head injury, Fractures.
TO ASSESS THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DAY CARE SURGERY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: Sarawagi Sandeep , Kumar Pramod , Kachhawa Devi Singh
Published: September 2020

Background: The aim of the present study is to retrospectively analyze the epidemiology of patients admitted in the day care unit of the surgery department.

Methods: This study has been done in a single unit of the Department of General surgery at S K Hospital, Sikar on patients attending the OPD as well as admitted for surgery

Results: Out of 100 patient  29 were staying in an area which was within 00 to 05 km from hospital,28 were in an area within 06 to 10 km, 24 were staying within 11 to 15 km, 9 were staying within 16 to 20 km and 10 were staying in an area more than 20 km away from hospital.

Conclusion: Age and sex was not any criteria for patient selection for day care surgery.

Keywords: Day care, Area, Age, Sex, Distance.
APPLICATION OF APPENDICITIS INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE (AIR) SCORING SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH ALVARADO SCORE
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Sarawagi Sandeep , Kachhawa Devi Singh
Published: September 2020

Background: The appendicitis inflammatory response (AIR) score is recently developed diagnostic tool that uses seven scored variables to stratify patients into low-, intermediate and high risk group.

Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of surgery. The popultion consists of 100 patients presenting with pain in the right lower quadrant of abdomen, who after clinical examination were provisionally diagnosed to have acute appendicitis and warranted surgery for the same.

Results: AIR (98.91%) were more sensitive than Modified alverdo score (89.3%). Specificity (100%) and positive predict value (100%) were same in MAS & AIR Conclusion- To conclude, AIR scoring performed well almost equally with Alvarado system with high specificity and high negative predictive value preventing unnecessary negative appendectomies.

Keywords: AIR, MAS, Acute appendicitis
TO STUDY OF LDH LEVEL IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Mathur Sudhir , Sonkriwal Kali Charan
Published: September 2020

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease of the lungs characterized by structural changes such as emphysema, airflow limitation, dynamic hyperinflation, air trapping, and peribronchial fibrotic remodeling of the lungs with significant systemic inflammatory components, induced by chronic exposures to smoking and/or occupational or environmental sources.

Methods: It is a case control study of 100 subjects divided into two groups including 50 healthy controls and 50 cases of COPD. Patients with history of respiratory infection, pneumonia, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and neuromuscular disease, renal and hepatic dysfunction were excluded.

Results: The statistically significant increased value of serum lactate dehydrogenase in cases as compared to control group with p value<0.05.

Conclusion-Rise in serum LDH levels, though known to occur in many respiratory conditions, has not been studied in depth. Based on our study results, we have proved that patients with COPD have raised serum LDH levels.

Keywords: COPD, Lactate dehydrogenase, Smoking.
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC STUDY OF HUMAN RENAL VOLUME AND ITS CORRELATION WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN A TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL.
Authors: Srivastava Stuti , Chigurupalli Kiran
Published: September 2020

Kidney is a paired organ whose functions include removing waste products from the blood and regulating the amount of fluid in the body. The basic units of the kidneys are called nephrons.

They are situated posteriorly behind the peritoneum on each side of the vertebral column and are surrounded by adipose tissue. Superiorly they are level with the upper border of the 12th thoracic vertebra, inferiorly with the third lumbar vertebra. The kidney continues to grow in size after birth and reaches the near adult size of 10 cm by 12 years of age. Renal size decreases with increasing age among patients older than 60 years. Decrease or increase in kidney size is an important sign of renal disease. Decrease or increase in kidney size is an important sign of renal disease. Since the change in renal length may be an evidence of disease, it is important that we have normal reference values in relation to their age, gender, height, weight and body mass index and body surface area.in the present study the ultrasonographic assessment of left and right renal volume in different age groups and its relationship with body mass index of individuals was observed.

Keywords: ultrasonography, Renal volume, Body mass index
A STUDY ON CORRELATION OF DEGREE OF MIDLINE SHIFT ON CT SCAN AND GLASGOW COMA SCALE IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE TRAUMATIC HEAD INJURY
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kardam Narendra Kumar , Gahlot Kushal babu , Maharia Manphhol Singh
Published: September 2020

Background: The larger the amount of the midline shift on CT scan the poorer will be the outcome of traumatic head injury. Other variables such as Glasgow coma scale have been subsequently introduced to build more complex and accurate prognostic model.

Methods: A study was conducted on patients with acute traumatic head injury. Most common and important complication of traumatic head injury is the development of an increased intracranial pressure resulting in midline shift. The larger the amount of the midline shift on CT scan the poorer will be the outcome of traumatic head injury.

Results: External injury of scalpel is seen in 92% of cases, blackening of eye in 50% & vomiting in 50%. Cerebral contusion (50%) was the most common CT scan finding followed by depressed fracture (32%), subdural hematoma (22%) than extradural hematoma (6%). Hemorrhagic contusion was the most common CT scan finding irrespective of GCS score. In patients with GCS 3-5 other outcome findings are extradural hematoma, subdural hematoma, & depressed fracture. In patients with GCS 6-8 other common findings are extradural hematoma, depressed fracture & hemorrhagic contusion. In patients with GCS 9-12 other common findings were hemorrhagic contusion, depressed fracture & intra cerebral hematoma. In patients with GCS 13-15 other common findings were depressed fracture, hemorrhagic contusion.

Conclusions: The increased degree of midline shift in patients with head injuries by CT scan was related to the severity of head injury (GCS= 3-12) and was significantly related to poor final clinical outcome.

Keywords: CT scan, Glasgow coma scale, acute traumatic head injury.
COMPARATIVE STUDY IN BETWEEN INTRALESIONAL VITAMIN D3 AND INTRALESIONAL BLEOMYCIN IN THE TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS VERRUCAE
Authors: . Shrikant , Mehta R.D. , Ghiya B.C.
Published: September 2020

Background: Verruca is one of the common dermatopathologies which has multiple therapeutic options but with variable success rates, refractory cases and high recurrence rates. Nowadays, treatment with intralesional injections has gained recognition due to its effectiveness in clearing verrucae. These act by stimulating the cell-mediated immunity. Out of scores of options available for intralesional therapeutics, Vitamin D3 appears to be more promising but least evaluated. Therefore, we planned to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional Vitamin D3 in various types of cutaneous verrucae. Simultaneously the results were compared with intralesional bleomycin, also.

Methods: A total of 200 patients of cutaneous verrucae with varying size and duration were included in the experimental randomized comparative study. We divided them into two groups. Group A, comprising of 100 patients, received 0.2-0.5 ml intralesional Vitamin D3 (600,000 IU, 15mg/ml) and Group B, also of hundred subjects, received intralesional Bleomycin (1 mg/ml) into the base of verrucae. A maximum of 5 verrucae were injected per session at 3 weeks interval until resolution or for a maximum of 4 sessions. Patients were followed up for 6 months after the last injection to assess the clearance status and detect any recurrence.

Results: In Group A (Vitamin D3), 'Complete response', 'Partial response' and 'No response' were observed in 85.07%, 6.74% and 8.17% respectively after 4 sessions. Recurrence rate was 0.81% after 6 months. In Group B (Bleomycin), 'Complete response', 'Partial response' and 'No response' were found in 77.99%, 10.47% and 11.53% in the series. Recurrence rate was 1.71%, comparatively higher in group B.

Conclusion: The efficacy of intralesional Vitamin D3 was found significantly higher as compared to intralesional Bleomycin in the treatment of cutaneous verrucae with less recurrence rates. Vitamin D3 has an additional advantage of cost-effective treatment over Bleomycin. We purpose its use, as a primary mode of treatment in various types of cutaneous verrucae.

Keywords: Bleomycin, Vitamin D3, Verrucae.
ASSESSMENT OF NEONATAL OUTCOMES IN ECLAMPTIC MOTHERS ADMITTED TO NMCH, PATNA, BIHAR
Authors: Sharma Samiksha , Jha Girijanand , Singh Binod Kr , Kumar Saroj
Published: September 2020

Hypertension during pregnancy is a highly variable disorder unique to pregnancy and a leading cause of maternal and fetal/neonatal morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy-induced hypertension is the general classification for hypertension diseases during pregnancy, which include pregnancy-induced hypertension usually after 20th week of gestation (without proteinuria), pre-eclampsia (with proteinuria), and eclampsia (pre-eclampsia with convulsions). This disease is responsible for high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates, and is one of the main public health problems. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Neonatal Outcomes in Eclamptic Mothers Admitted to NMCH, Patna, Bihar.

The present study was planned in Department of Pediatrics, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. The study was planned from March 2019 to October 2019. In the present study 50 females admitted with eclampsia or with pre-eclampsia but subsequently developing eclampsia were enrolled. Also the control females were also evaluated for comparative evaluation.

The data generated from the present study concludes that Prevention of prematurity, treatment of morbidities & prevention of infection among infants should be done to reduce the PMR and improve perinatal outcome. Thus High risk pregnancy should be identified prospectively and then given special care, perhaps a major impact on overall perinatal loss could be reduced.    

Keywords: Eclamptic Mothers, Patna, Bihar, etc.
ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN TYPHOID FEVER IN PEDIATRIC CASES ADMITTED TO NMCH, PATNA
Authors: Sharma Samiksha , Jha Girijanand , Singh Binod Kr , Kumar Saroj
Published: September 2020

India has a very high disease burden (214.2 per 1,00,000 individuals/year), primarily affecting children 5 to 15 years. Recently, there have been concerns of increasing proportion of infections in very young children, rising paratyphoid infections, and emerging drug resistance. Also, there are challenges in diagnosis and management of enteric fever due to lack of laboratory-based investigations. While blood culture remains the gold standard of diagnosis, the mainstays in developing countries are serological tests, which are suboptimal due to lack of standardization and uniformity. Hence based on above condition the present study was planned for Assessment of Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in Typhoid Fever in Pediatric Cases Admitted to NMCH, Patna.

The present study was planned in Department of Pediatrics, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. The study was planned from January 2018 to November 2018. In the present study 50 childrens of age up to 18 years having fever more than 7 days were enrolled. These cases were enrolled based on the Widal positive or positive culture were enrolled in the present study.

The data generated from present study concludes that Typhoid fever manifestations are diverse. The most common symptoms apart from fever were anorexia, vomiting, pain abdomen, diarrhoea followed by headache and cough. Also the Serum parameters are also seen changed in the Thyphoid affected patients. Typhoid fever remains a major public health problem in the developing countries predominantly seen in school going children among pediatric age group.

Keywords: Clinical, Laboratory Parameters, Typhoid Fever, Pediatric Cases, etc.
ASSESSMENT OF OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING DISC PRESERVING FUNCTIONAL CERVICAL DISC SURGERY
Authors: Karn Deepak
Published: September 2020

The concept of accelerated degeneration of adjacent disc levels as a consequence of increased stress caused by inter body fusion of cervical spine is widely accepted. These phenomenon supports the hypothesis that reconstruction of an intervertebral disc after discectomy with functional disc prosthesis would offer benefit. Degeneration of an intervertebral disc involves progressive dehydration and fibrosis of the nucleus pulposus. These modifications induce loss of elasticity, loss of intervertebral height, formation of osseous spurs, cracking and bulging of the annulus fibrosus, and eventually, extrusion of nucleus tissue. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for Assessment of Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Disc Preserving Functional Cervical Disc Surgery.

The present study was planned in Department of Neurosurgery, SKMCH, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India. Total 10 cases operated for cervical radiculopathy were enrolled in the present study. Diagnostic evaluation was performed by anterior posterior and lateral standard radiographs of the cervical spine and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the cervical spine. All patients had follow up X-ray of the cervical spine anterior and posterior view with flexion and extension study, at 4 weeks and at subsequent follow up.

The data generated from the present study concluded that the major symptoms experienced by the patients were neck and radicular pain. C6-7 cervical root level was affected in majority patients. Majority of the had an excellent surgical results. Post operative follow up X-ray after 6 months revealed adequate motion at the operated site.

Keywords: Cervical Disc Surgery, Cervical radiculopathy, Disc preserving, Disc Herniation, etc.
TO ASSESS THE MATERNAL ANAEMIA, INTRA-UTERIAN GROWTH RESTRICTION AND NEONATAL OUTCOME IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, BIHAR
Authors: Kumari Rashmi , Kumari Usha , Sinha Krishna
Published: September 2020

Aim: To assess the maternal anaemia, intra-uterian growth restriction and neonatal outcome.

Materials and methods: a prospective, observational study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar India. A total of 240 consecutive clinically suspected cases of IUGR with singleton pregnancies at 34-40 weeks of gestation were included in the study.  Their socio-demographic profile and hemoglobin levels were recorded. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed.

Results: Of 240 study subjects with IUGR at 34-40 weeks, 70.4% were anaemic, (48.8% had mild, 20.8% had moderate, 0.83 % had severe anaemia) while 29.6% were not anaemic. Significantly, the ratio of anaemic to non anaemic in antenatal IUGR pregnancies was 2.48:1. A birth weight of less than 2.5 kgs was recorded in 84% of pregnancies with moderate anaemia and 83.8% pregnancies with mild anaemia. Out of the 240 clinically diagnosed cases of IUGR 71.25% (n=171) were from the rural background and 28.75% (n=69) were urban area.

Conclusion:  Mild to severe anaemia in IUGR may increase the chances of low birth weight and adverse neonatal outcomes but larger studies with standardized definitions and measurements of exposure outcomes to bring about uniformity are required to determine an accurate assessment of association between low maternal hemoglobin and IUGR
ROLE OF LOW DOSE OF MIFEPRISTONE IN MANAGEMENT OF FIBROID IN PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY.
Authors: Rani Sweety , Kiran Chander
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Uterine leiomyoma is the commonest benign gynaecological tumour occurring in upto20% to 80% of women reaching perimenopausal stage and 40% has symptoms severe enough to warrant therapy. Recent evidence suggests that progesterone is essential for maintenance and growth of uterine leiomyoma and that estrogen is required only for upregulation of progesterone receptors. Mifepristone is synthetic steroid, derived from norethindrone, progesterone receptor modulator with primarily antagonistic property. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low dose of mifepristone in medical management of uterine leiomyoma

Materials and methods: the study is being conducted in obstetrics and gynecology department of PMCH. In 2 years, 100 patients with age between 40-50 years with multiple or single fibroid with symptoms requiring treatment with normal blood biochemistry profile were studied. Two groups were made, each of 50 patients. Group I was given mifepristone in dose of 25mg/day; and Group II was given mifepristone in dose of 10mg/day for 3 months. Patients were followed up at 3 months and 6 months of starting treatment.

Results: In both groups, there was decrease in size of fibroid, control of bleeding, improvement of symptoms and hemoglobin profile.

Conclusion: Low dose of mifepristone is useful for decreasing the size of fibroid, control of bleeding, improvement of hemoglobin profile and for medical management of fibroid.

Keywords: mifepristone, fibroid, management
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF MULTIPLE GESTATIONS: A HOSPITAL BASED SURVEY
Authors: Warsi Shahnawaz Hasnain , Mishra Kripa Nath
Published: September 2020

Background: Monochorionic twins showed increased incidence of discordant growth as compared to dichorionic twins. Studies have reported fivefold mortality of twins in comparison with singleton pregnancy. In this a prospective study is done to assess the perinatal, neonatal mortality and morbidity in multiple gestations. Zygosity determines the degree of risk of chromosomal abnormalities in each fetus of a multiple gestation. The risk for aneuploidy in each fetus of an MZ pregnancy is the same as a singleton pregnancy, and except for rare cases of genetic discordancy, both fetuses are affected. In a DZ pregnancy, each twin has an independent risk for aneuploidy, and therefore has twice the risk of having a chromosomal abnormality compared with a singleton.

Material and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga Bihar India. The time period of the study from May 2019 to feb 2020. The total number of multiple gestation 160 include in this study.

Results: Total 160 twins were studied, out of which preterm deliveries constituted 80.6% of all deliveries. Most of the mothers were between 24 to 30 year age group 70(43.8 %) followed by 18 to 24 year 55 (34.4 %) and most of them were primi 97(60.6%) and followed by gravid 2 was 54 (33.8%). Out of 160 patients 29 patient s was family history of twining in 18.1% of the study group. Assisted reproductive techniques such as clomiphene cirate,IUI and IVF  were used by 19.4% of couples. Dichorinic diamniotic twins accounted for 84.4% and Dichorinic triamniotic 2.4 %  of the  total  multiple deliveries. Normal Vaginal delivery was done for 65.6% of twins and LSCS for 34.4%.

Conclusion: Most common type of delivery was vaginal delivery (65.6%) followed by LSCS (34.4%).Out of the variables studied, significant influence on neonatal mortality was seen only with discordant twins
PROFILE OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN HIV SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Mohan Satyam , Kumar Ashok , Kumar Naresh , Ram Bhim
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virus, causative agent in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is fast becoming a major threat in the Indian subcontinent, with an estimated 3.7 million persons being infected with HIV. HIV infection is complicated by various opportunistic infections (OIs) such as tuberculosis (TB), candidiasis, herpes zoster, Pneumocystis, cytomegalovirus (CMV) etc. This study carried out to know the clinical profile opportunistic infections in HIV seropositive patients. The aim of this study to determine the opportunistic infections in adult AIDS patients.

Material and methods: A total of 200 patients were tested for opportunistic infections in HIV patients. All the specimens were processed as per standard procedures to detect opportunistic infections.

Results: 200 cases that satisfied the inclusion criteria were considered for the study. Of the 200 individuals analyzed, 133 (66.5%) were males and 67 (33.5%) were females. The maximum number of patients who had opportunistic infections fell in the age group of 25-35yrs, 94 (47%), followed by the age group below 25 yrs, 53 (26.5%) and most of the occupants, who harboured opportunistic infections were labourer (49.5%), n=49, followed by driver 17.5% and then housewives 13%. The tuberculosis is the most frequent opportunistic infections accounting for 52.5% of all opportunistic infections, followed by candidiasis in 50.5% of cases and followed by pneumocystosis in 17%, cryptosporidiosis in 10.5%.

Conclusions: Respiratory system was the most common system involved by OIs. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of opportunistic infections is important before development of severe immunodeficiency to prevent serious and fatal outcome.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Opportunistic Infections, Tuberculosis, Candidiasis
STUDY OF ANTIMULLERIAN HORMONE (AMH) LEVEL VARIATION IN FEMALES IN ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY (ART) CENTRE
Authors: Gupta Supeeti , Jamwal VDS , Subhash B , Mohanlal K
Published: September 2020

Study of AMH levels of patients of ART Centre and its variations has clinical relevance in the field of assisted reproductive technology. Diminished ovarian reserve has become a major cause of infertility. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) seems to be a promising candidate to assess ovarian reserve and predict the response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH).  The study is a prospective, observational study carried in Department of Anatomy in collaboration with Assisted Reproductive Technology centre at a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study is carried out on eighty females who had reported to ART centre for treatment for the first time, because of involuntary childlessness with at least 1 year of unprotected intercourse without pregnancy.  In our study, eighty females were divided into four groups depending upon their AMH levels. The number of oocytes collected from each female on the day of oocyte pickup was documented. Comparison with previous studies was done. Knowledge of AMH levels will help gynaecologist to counsel the infertility patient prior to initiation of the IVF cycle. It not only allows the quantification of ovarian reserve but also predict the eventual ovarian response to ovarian stimulation and the clinical pregnancy.

Keywords: AntiMullerian Hormone, Assisted Reproductive Technology, Ovarian Reserve
TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF BMV ON P WAVE DISPERSION AND SHORT TERM PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF P WAVE DISPERSION IN PREDICTION OF CLINICAL OUTCOME AFTER PERCUTANEOUS BALLOON MITRAL VALVULOPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH MITRAL STENOSIS AND SINUS RHYTHM
Authors: Agarwal Ashish Kumar , Meena Daulat Singh , Pathak Vijay , Jain Anoop , Ola Rakesh Kumar
Published: September 2020

Background: The aim of the present study was to study the effect of percutaneous balloon mitral  valvuloplasty (PBMV) on P wave dispersion and to test the correlation between P-maximum and  P-dispersion to right ventricular function and pulmonary artery pressure before and after PMBV. Also to study the impact of P-maximum and P-wave dispersion on the short term clinical outcome after successful PBMV in patients with mitral stenosis (MS) and sinus rhythm.

Methods: 75 patients undergoing PMBV were enrolled in this study. We evaluated P-maximum, P-minimum and P-wave dispersion before and one month and one year after PBMV . We studied the changes in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), left atrial (LA) dimension, mitral diastolic gradient, and mitral valve area, in addition to the changes in right ventricular function utilizing tissue Doppler assessment both before and after PMBV, in addition the role of the P-wave dispersion in prediction of late cardiac events.

Results: There were significant decrease in mean diastolic gradient, PAP, and LA size and significant improvement in right ventricular tissue Doppler indices after PMBV. Accompany these hemodynamic changes after PMBV. P-maximum and P-wave dispersion were found to be decreased (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Successful PBMV was associated with a decrease in Pmax and PWD. These simple electrocardiographic indices may predict the success of the procedure immediately after PBMV.  The P-maximum and P-wave dispersion changes were correlated with significant impairment of right dysfunction and the degree of pulmonary artery pressure.

Keywords: PBMV.PAP,LA
THE STATUS OF LIPID PROFILE CONTROL IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Agarwal Ashish Kumar , Meena Daulat Singh , Pathak Vijay , Pathak Vijay , Jain Anoop , Ola Rakesh Kumar
Published: September 2020

Background: Patients of coronary artery disease require medical treatment to optimize their lipid profile. The present analysis evaluates the lipid profile among CAD patients receiving statin therapy. To study THE STATUS OF LIPID PROFILE CONTROL IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Methods: Our study included 1016 patients with documented CAD by coronary angiography in Department of cardiology SMS medical college and associated group of hospitals. Patients treated with statin therapy for at least 3 months were included. We compared data relating to demographic parameters and other cardiovascular risk factors.

Results: In a total of 1016 patients (730 males and 286 females), (mean age 57.2 ±  8.8 years).

Complete lipid profiles of 1016 patients were recorded. Regarding the CAD patients with complete lipid profiles, 72% had lag in lipid profile control as against the current guidelines in at least one of the three main lipid parameters: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and/or triglycerides. LDLc was not within target levels in 64.2% of these high risk patients; HDLc was abnormal in 35%, and triglycerides were elevated in 25% despite monthly follow up at the opd.

Conclusion: Most of the patients treated with statins, especially those with a high cardiovascular risk, do not meet recommended lipid targets and/or have a high frequency of abnormal HDLc and TG levels. The results of this study show that significant differences exist between the recommendations in the guidelines and clinical practice, as well as highlighting the need for a more intensive and integrated management of dyslipidemia in high-risk patients.

Keywords: Lipid profile, CAD, Lipoprotein
小学三年级英语口语教学的创新方法
Authors: 吴 冲
Published: September 2020

作为小学教育中非常重要的一门学科，英语是时代发展和素质教育背景下的重要教学内容。对于中国小学三年级学生来讲，在学习口语初期，他们不仅需要掌握单词的拼读和表达，还要学习基本的句法结构，整个学习过程会比较吃力。英语教师可以利用丰富的教学资源，采用不同的教学方法，帮助学生更快地迈进英语学习门槛。本文通过分析小学三年级英语口语教学现状，对现有的教学方法进行评价和总结，并结合实际情况提出了相应的创新方法参考，以不断提升英语口语教学效果。
浅论小学数学核心素养培养策略
Authors: 曾 丽
Published: September 2020

小学数学作为基础教育的重要学科，对于小学生有着重要的意义，新课改下不仅要求小学生要学好文化知识，还要求教育者做到育人，因此教师在教授学生数学知识的同事还需培养小学生数学素养，做好学生的全面基础发展。
初中英语语法教学中分层教学的灵活运用
Authors: 陈 红娟
Published: September 2020

初中英语学习处在一个承上启下的阶段，在这一时期，一定要运用高效的教学方式，提高教学质量，满足学生们对英语学习的不同要求，提高学生们的学习兴趣和热情。本文从依据测试与观察结果进行分组，在课堂中体现分组，在课下体现分组这三个方面入手，对于初中英语分层教学方式进行分析和探究。
浅谈小学数学课堂实施有效追问的方法和技巧
Authors: 杨 卫红
Published: September 2020

有效的追问对于锻炼学生的思维方式具有十分重要的意义。在课堂上有效的追问，能够不断促进学生对某个问题进行更加深入的思考，将学生的思维方式由单板变灵活、表象变深刻，在对知识的理解不断深入的前提下融会贯通，进行系统性的运用，极大地提高课堂效率。本文主要从“课堂小结中有效追问；有效追问提高学生的推理能力；将有效追问与情景教学相结合”三个方面提出有效追问的建议。
刍议小学体育教学中提升学生体育核心素养
Authors: 孙 跃军
Published: September 2020

新时代的社会飞速发展，体育教学活动也需跟上时代的步伐，需变则变。本文因当前小学体育教学中的问题引发思考，提出了提升学生体育核心素养的方法。
浅谈合理选用识字方法，提高阳光识字效率
Authors: 梁 燕媚
Published: September 2020

识字方法的运用要根据教材内容的特点、学生的认知程度、教学手段的使用，合理、科学、有效地选择相应的识字教学方法。每一种识字方法都有其优缺点，在使用时，教师应自主权衡哪一种识字方法能最大限度地提高阳光识字课堂的效率，就选择运用那一种的识字方法。笔者具体分析了四种识字方法，让读者清晰明了地掌握应用识字方法，方便同行有效提高识字效率。
浅谈小学美术高效课堂下的评价机制
Authors: 杨 春
Published: September 2020

课堂评价是提高课堂教学效率的重要途径和手段。认真对待课堂评价，既能提高学生学习的效果，又能提高教师对课堂的认知水平。精到的课堂评价，应该让学生从“不识庐山真面目”的困境中走出，认识课堂教学之真谛。
探究初中英语学习兴趣的激发与培养策略
Authors: 叶 静
Published: September 2020

初中阶段的学生身心活泼，对于新鲜事物有着强烈的兴趣和探究欲望，他们的兴趣也更为广泛。初中阶段的英语是我国教育体系的重要组成部分，需要教师在教学过程中培养学生的学习品格和关键能力。而在英语教学过程中激发学生的英语学习形式，符合当前学生的身心发展规律，也能使学生在学习知识的过程中，感受到英语学习的乐趣，进一步提高英语学习的效率。
语文教师应注重语文教学中的情感因素
Authors: 张 勇德
Published: September 2020

语文教学是一门科学，更是一门艺术。她以语言为媒介，通过情感传递，使学生在语文学习中掌握知识、形成能力、提高素质、完善人格。故情感在教学中发挥着不可忽视的作用，对于学生的学习，尤其是语文学习，更具有极为重要的意义。
浅谈幼儿体育活动中平衡能力培养的探究
Authors: 王 丽霞
Published: September 2020

平衡感是人类行动的基础。平衡活动有利于良好情绪、意志品质的培养，克服畏难情绪、退缩心理。其对宽背关节的锻炼，对全身肌肉伸展的强化等都有帮助，更使幼儿身体协调发展。在我国的健康教育领域中，以往平衡活动没有得到相应的重视，滑板溜冰之类的活动少之又少，平衡能力相对发展较欠缺。随着人类对健康的日益重视，平衡活动成为我们现在生活中较常见的运动。在幼儿运动活动的开展中，笔者非常注重幼儿平衡能力的提高，加强对幼儿平衡活动的探索与研究，有效地促进了幼儿身心健康发展。文章就如何在体育活动中培养幼儿的平衡能力进行了探讨，并结合幼儿教学实践，提出了有效策略。
Students' Strategy in Describing a Product: The case of ESP Writing class
Authors: Surani Dewi , Fatoni Ana Utami
Published: September 2020

Describing a product is one of discussion that the students should learn to express the words that of selling. This study aims at investigating how the students’ abilities and difficulties in describing a product in the economics class of Bina Bangsa University. The respondents were students from the third semester and analyzed using descriptive-qualitative study. The result of the study depicted that students faced difficulties in both organizing and developing ideas. They were difficult to choose appropriate vocabulary and to manage the words grammatically correct in expressing the language. It suggested students need attention in learning descriptive text structures whether in developing ideas, grammar, and vocabulary chosen. They should be provided by example and practice for achieving the ability to describe a product.
Design Sleep Mode and Wakeup Method for OpenFlow Switches
Authors: Vu Tran Hoang , Luc Vu Cong
Published: September 2020

In  this  paper,  we  present  a  design  and  an evaluation  of  two  power  management  modes  that reduce the  energy  consumption  of OpenFlow switches. First,  we  define  two  new  low  power  modes:  SLEEP PORT  and  SLEEP  SWITCH,  which  reduce   energy consumption   in  cases  where  packets  on  port  or switches  are  absent.  Second,  we  present  a  Wake  on LAN  (WOL)  method  for  OpenFlow  Switches  to  wake up  Ethernet  ports  or  the  whole  switch  from  inactive states.  Finally,  we  describe  our  design,  experimental results and  performance evaluations. Our results show that the control SLEEP PORT mode on a switch might save  about 9.8% power consumption per  port,  and  up to about 60% of total power consumption of the switch with SLEEP  SWITCH mode.  In  addition,  we  will implement  this  method  to  Openflow  Switch  bases  on NetFPGA- 10 Gigabit in the future.
Robust Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Uniform Circular Antenna Array based on Total Forward - Backward Matrix Pencil Method
Authors: Thanh Han Trong , Tuan Do Trong , Duc Nguyen Trong , Yem Vu Van
Published: September 2020

In  this  paper,  we  propose  an  approach  to estimate  the  Direction  of  Arrival  (DOA)  of  Radio coherent  incoming  signals  using  the  Total  Forward  – Backward  Matrix  Pencil  algorithm  (TFBMP).  This algorithm  works  directly  on  samples  of  signals impinging  on  an  M  –  element  Uniform  Circular Antenna (UCA) array, which has a smaller size as well as  larger  observation  angle  in  comparison  with  the Uniform  Linear  Antenna  (ULA)  array.  Therefore,  the correlation  between  the  received  signals  does  not significantly  impact  on  its performance  and  efficiency. Furthermore,  this algorithm  can  also  extract  the  DOA information  with  only  one  snapshot  of  signal. Simulation  results  for  DOA  estimation  using  the proposed approach for different situations of  incoming signals  as  well  as  the  number  of  snapshots  in  the presence  of  noise  will  be  assessed  to  verify  its performance.
A Method for Automated User Interaction Testing of Web Applications
Authors: Trinh Le Khanh , Hieu Vo Dinh , Hung Pham Ngoc
Published: September 2020

Automated user  interaction  testing  of  Web applications has  been  received  great  attentions  from the  research  community  and  industry.  Currently, several  available  tools are proposed to partly deal withthe problem.  However, how to perform the  automated user  interaction  testing  of  whole  Web  applications effectively  is  still  an  open  problem.   This  research proposes  a  method  and  develops  a  tool  supporting automated  user  interaction  testing  of  whole  Web applications.  In  this  method, the  model  of  each  Web page  of  the  Web  application  under  testing  which describes the user interaction (UI)  is  represented  by  a finite state  automaton. The whole model that describes the  behaviors  of  the  whole  Web  application  then  is constructed by composing the models  of all  Web pages. After  that,  test  paths  are generated automatically based  on  the  compositional  model  of  the  Web application  so  that  these  test  paths  cover  all  possible user interactions  of the application.  A tool supporting the proposed method has  been developed and  applied to  test  on  some  simple  Web  applications.    The experimental results show the potential  application  of this tool for automated user interaction  testing of Webapplications in practice
Primordialism and Voting Behavior of Malay Ethnic during the 2005-2015 Riau Islands Governor Election
Authors: Kustiawan Kustiawan , Samin Rumzi
Published: September 2020

This research aims to examine primordialism and voting behavior of Malay ethnic during the 2005-2015 Riau Islands governor election (Pemilihan Gubernur or Pilgub). The political phenomenon in Riau Islands seems to be different from other areas where other Malays dominate since non-Malay ethnic candidates won the governor election. This research used a qualitative method with a descriptive technique. The data were collected using in-depth interviews and direct observation. Informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The result found that people of Malay ethnic are open-minded. The candidates elected also can prove qualified personal and successfully leading the Malay ethnic people in moving ahead. Non-Malay ethnic won the Riau Islands (known as Kepri (Kepulauan Riau)) governor election determined by 1) The political identity of Malay ethnic people is open-minded, coexisting Islamic identity, speaking Malay language, practicing Malay culture, and committing to build and develop Malay ethnic people, so the candidates identified as part of Malay ethnic people and considered by the Malay ethnic people as a candidate for leader of the Malay people in a broadening sense; 2) the figure of candidates can socialize with people of Malay ethnic; 3) other minority ethnics and political parties supported the candidates. Native Malay candidates were failed due to the lack of contribution to the people of Malay ethnic in particular and the Riau Islands in general.
Intoleransi Laktosa : Variasi Pemeriksaan Penunjang dan Tatalaksana
Authors: Saputra Gede Ardi
Published: September 2020

Susu adalah sumber nutrisi yang sangat mendasar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan sehari hari. Tidak semua orang dapat mencerna susu dengan baik terutama mencerna laktosa karena dibutuhkan produksi laktase yang mencukupi.intoleransi laktosa didefinisikan sebagai sindrome klinis defisiensi laktase yang ditandai dengan gejala kembung, nyeri perut, flatuen, muntah, kemerahan pada anus dan diare. Defisiensi laktase primer terjadi pada bayi prematur usia kehamilan 26-32 minggu, defek kongenital, dan defek genetik autosomal resesif, sedangkan defisiensi laktase sekunder terjadi karena kerusakan epitel usus halus akibat penyakit lain. Uji hidrogen nafas merupakan pemeriksaan yang baik dalam mendiagnosis intoleransi laktosa karena sensitifitas dan spesifisitas yang tinggi. Prevalensi faktor genetik sebagai penyebab intoleransi laktosa sekitar 90% penduduk asia. Tatalaksana terkini bertujuan untuk menyiasati kebutuhan nutrisi dengan cara membatasi konsumsi laktosa, konsumsi produk non-susu, enzim eksogen oral, dan adaptasi prebiotik.
PENGARUH AKTIVITAS MELIHAT JARAK DEKAT TERHADAP ANGKA KEJADIAN MIOPIA PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS MALAHAYATI TAHUN 2019
Authors: Eksa Dwi Robbiardy , Pratiwi Putri , Marni Marni
Published: September 2020

Miopia merupakan salah satu gangguan penglihatan yang memiliki prevalensi tinggi di dunia dan hampir 90% miopia terjadi di negara berkembang. Meskipun penyebab pasti miopia masih belum jelas, namun bukti-bukti  yang ada menunjukkan bahwa penyebab multifaktorial berhubungan dengan faktor keturunan (genetik) dan faktor lingkungan. Salah satu faktor lingkungan adalah lamanya aktivitas melihat dekat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh aktivitas melihat jarak dekat terhadap angka kejadian miopia pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati angkatan 2016. Penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 77 orang dipilih secara purposive sampling dari Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran angkatan 2016 dengan mengisi kuesioner, yang diambil pada bulan Maret 2019. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Distribusi frekuensi responden yang mengalami miopia derajat sedang (>3-6 Dioptri) sebanyak 18 responden (28.6%), lama membaca buku, komputer/gadget termasuk kedalam kategori tidak baik (> 2 jam) 14  responden (22,2%), aktivitas jarak membaca buku, komputer/ gadget termasuk kedalam kategori tidak baik (< 30 cm) sejumlah 24 responden (38,1%). Terdapat pengaruh antara lama membaca buku, komputer/gadget terhadap angka kejadian miopia (p value 0,016), Terdapat pengaruh antara jarak membaca buku, komputer/gadget terhadap angka kejadian miopia ( p value 0,001). Terdapat pengaruh antara aktivitas melihat jarak dekat (lama dan jarak membaca buku, komputer/gadget) terhadap angka kejadian miopia.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DUKUNGAN TEMAN SEBAYA DENGAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI BERBICARA DI DEPAN UMUM PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Wahyuni Citra , Costadinov Emiel Yusuf
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PEER SUPPORT AND PUBLIC SPEAKING CONFIDENCE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTSPublic speaking confidence is influenced by several factors, one of them is peer support. This study aims to determine the relationship between peer support and public speaking confidence in college students. The sample in this study was 70 students of the 2017 Islamic Broadcast Communication Studies Program at the Da'wah and Communication Science Faculty of UIN Raden Intan Lampung. Data collection methods used in this study was self confidence scale and peer support scale. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation analysis techniques. The results showed the correlation rx-y = 0.817 and the coefficient of determination R2 = 0.667 with p = 0.000 (p> 0.05). This shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between peer support and confidence in public speaking. This study revealed that the peer support made an effective contribution of 66.7% on the confidence in public speaking. Keywords: Peer Support, Self Confidence, Public Speaking, Collede Students Kepercayaan diri berbicara di depan umum dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya dukungan teman sebaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan teman sebaya dengan kepercayaan diri berbicara di depan umum pada mahasiswa. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 70 mahasiswa Program Studi Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam angkatan 2017 pada Fakultas Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi UIN Raden Intan Lampung. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan skala kepercayaan diri dan skala dukungan teman sebaya. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis korelasi pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan korelasi rx-y = 0,817 dan koefisien determinasi R2= 0,667 dengan p = 0,000 (p > 0,05). Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa adanya hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara dukungan teman sebaya dengan kepercayaan diri berbicara di depan umum. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa variabel dukungan teman sebaya memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 66,7% pada variabel kepercayaan diri berbicara di depan umum. Kata kunci: Dukungan Teman Sebaya, Kepercayaan Diri, Berbicara di Depan Umum, Mahasiswa
KONTROL DIRI DAN PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA SISWA SMA
Authors: Setiawan Indra Dwi , Setiawati Octa Reni , Lestari Sri Maria Puji
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: SELF CONTROL AND SMOKING BEHAVIOR IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT Smoking behavior appears a lot among adolescents. Smoking behavior is a form of juvenile delinquency related to self-control abilities. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-control and smoking behavior in high school students. The study was conducted on 205 students of SMA Negeri 1 Trimurjo, Central Lampung Regency. The research data were obtained through self-control questionnaires and smoking behavior. Data analysis used Pearson correlation test. The results showed that high school students had moderate self-control and smoking behavior. There is a significant relationship between self-control and smoking behavior in high school students, with low correlation strength and negative correlation direction, which means the higher self-control, the lower one's smoking behavior. The results of this study can be a reference for the school in developing self-control intervention programs to reduce smoking behavior among high school students. Keywords: Self-Control, Smoking Behavior, High School Students Perilaku merokok banyak muncul di kalangan remaja. Perilaku merokok merupakan bentuk kenakalan remaja yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan pengendalian diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kontrol diri dengan perilaku merokok pada siswa SMA. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 205 siswa SMA Negeri 1 Trimurjo Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui kuesioner kontrol diri dan perilaku merokok. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan siswa SMA memiliki control diri dan perilaku merokok tingkat sedang. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kontrol diri dan perilaku merokok pada siswa SMA, dengan kekuatan korelasi rendah dan arah korelasi negatif yaitu semakin tinggi kontrol diri maka semakin rendah perilaku merokok seseorang. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi pihak sekolah dalam mengembangkan program intervensi control diri untuk. mengurangi perilaku merokok siswa SMA. Kata Kunci :Kontrol Diri, Perilaku Merokok, Siswa SMA