bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Komunikasi Interpersonal Dalam Al-Qur’an Sebagai Pustakawan
Authors: Mustofa Muhamad Bisri , Wuryan Siti , Rosidi
Published: February 2021

Perkembangan dari keilmuan komunikasi dan keislaman berefek kepada pandangan komunikasi secara umum dan kepada konsep-konsep keislaman, diantaranya Komunikasi interpersonal atau disebut juga komunikasi antar pribadi memiliki keterkaitan dalam bidang komuinkasi islam, di tinjau dari berbagai aspek diantara nya pada hubungan antar sesama manusia. Al-Qur’an menyebutkan berbagai makna terkait hubungan antara sesama manusia dalam hal ini disebut sebagai komunikasi interpersonal yaitu konsep Qaulan Sadidan, Qaulan Maysura, Qaulan Layyinan, Qaulan Kariman, Qaulan Ma’rufa dan Qaulan Baligha. Kaitan dengan hal ini penulis akan membahas lebih lanjut tentang urgensi komunikasi interpersonal dalam bingkai komunikasi islam terhadap pustakawan, sebagai seorang pengelola perpustakaan yang memiliki kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka yang di berbagai leteratur seperti jurnal, buku dan lain-lain. Metode literature reviu, yaitu mengkaji konsep komunikasi interpersonal dari buku dan jurnal hasil penelitian. Data dari hasil penelitian ini dianalisa secara kualitatif, artinya data kepustakaan dianalisis secara mendalam, holistik, dan komprehensif dengan teknik analisis content. Ditinjau dari teori-teori komunikasi interpersonal dalam perspektif komunikasi Islam, lebih fokuskan kepada proses penyampaian pesan atau informasi dari pustakawan, dengan menggunakan kaedah dan prinsip komunikasi yang berdasarkan kepada Alquran dan Hadis. Proses penyampaian pesan kepada audien secara langsung atau melalui media menjunjung kebenaran yang diajarkan oleh agama dikolaborasikan dalam bentuk pelayanan seorang pustakawan. Dalam proses ini seorang pustakwan dapat lebih menerapkan bentuk komunikasi interpersonal kepada para pembaca dengan berlandaskan kepada Al-Qur’an.
Filterisasi Hoax Dari Kemajuan Teknologi Komunikasi dan Informasi
Authors: Bahtiar
Published: February 2021

Kemajuan teknologi yang semakin pesat saat ini semakin memudahkan kehidupan manusia. Namun disisi lain kemajuan teknologi itu malah menggiring manusia pada ketergantungan secara berlebihan dan hilang kepercayaan diri. Sehingga manusia memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi ini untuk saling menjatuhkan, menguasai lewat fitnah dan berita bohong. Besarnya pengaruh negative dari kemajuan teknologi tersebut, maka sudah seharusnya pemerintah sebagai pengendali dari kemajuan teknologi melakukan filterisasi. Terutama terhadap berbagai informasi menyimpang dan dapat merusak kebangsaan (hoax). Langkah ini dapat dilakukan oleh pemerintah dengan memanfaatkan jasa para hacker untuk meretas dan membangun banteng pertahanan terhadap informasi hoax dari kemajuan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi tersebut. Selain itu, kita sebagai manusia, juga harus membangun kesadaran diri sebagai mahkluk paling tinggi diatas dunia. Sehingga kemajuan teknologi yang notabanenya dilahirkan oleh manusia, tidak menjadi boomerang yang akhirnya menguasai kehidupan manusia.
Fungsi Komunikasi
Authors: Basit Lutfi
Published: February 2021

Terdapat empat fungsi komunikasi adalah (1) menginformasikan (to inform): Yaitu memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat, memberitahukan kepada masyarakat mengenai peristiwa yang terjadi, ide atau pikiran dan tingkah laku orang lain, serta segala sesuatu yang disampaikan orang lain. (2) Mendidik (to educate) yaitu: fungsi komunikasi sebagai sarana pendidikan. Melalui komunikasi, manusia dalam masyarakat dapat menyampaikan ide dan pikirannya kepada orang lain sehingga orang lain mendapatkan informasi dan ilmu pengetahuan. (3) Menghibur (to entertain) yaitu: Fungsi komunikasi selain menyampaikan pendidikan dan mempengaruhi, komunikasi juga berfungsi untuk memberi hiburan atau menghibur orang lain. (4) Mempengaruhi (to influence) yaitu: fungsi mempengaruhi setiap individu yang berkomunikasi, tentunya berusaha saling mempengaruhi jalan pikiran komunikan dan lebih jauh lagi berusaha merubah sikap dan tingkah laku komunikan sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan.
Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Pakistani doctors
Authors: Aslam Wardah , Habib Maryam , Habib Madiha , Aziz Saeeda
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant burden on healthcare system and adversely affected the health care professionals all over the world including Pakistan. Therefore, the short- and long-term effects of this pandemic on mental health of Pakistani medical doctors need to be established.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the mental health status and associated factors among doctors exposed to COVID-19 in Pakistan.

Methodology: An online survey was carried among doctors working in different government hospitals. A Questionnaire was developed which comprised of three different sections. Mental health was assessed on basis of scoring in three Likert scales including Generalized anxiety disorder -7 scale (GAD-7), Insomnia severity index (ISI-7) and Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Cluster analysis was used, and chi-square test was applied for comparison of characteristics.

Results: Study was conducted on 73 specialists /consultants working in different government hospitals of the country. 54.8% of them suffered from subthreshold mental disturbances while 23.3% had mild disorders, 12.3% had moderate disorders and 9.6% suffered from severe mental disturbances. Various factors having significant relationship with psychological status of doctors were identified.

Conclusion: COVID-19 outbreak has significantly affected the psychological health of Pakistani doctors. The factors adversely affecting the mental health of our health care professionals need to be addressed by providing psychological support to them.
COVID-19 raises threatening scenario for otorhinolaryngology and rehabilitation
Authors: Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam
Published: February 2021

This editorial is an introspection into healthcare systems in the perspective of the ongoing short and long term impact of COVID-19 on practice of otolaryngology & its allied specialties and possible solutions. With COVID-19 testing the mettle, resilience and strength of every facet of healthcare system, including developing countries with otolaryngologists and allied professionals being more exposed, threatened with contracting disease themselves and carrying it to their families.  Personal protection has become a norm with specialty faced with suspension of non-emergent consultations, examinations and electives with use of personal protective equipment mandatory even in emergent cases.
Analysis of disability representation in African Higher education policies.
Authors: Maruza Fadzayi Marcia
Published: February 2021

This research is interested in analyzing how universities as institutional actors came to think of defining, categorizing disability and the range of solutions they provided when they framed their disability policies. It also aims to analyze the accomplishments of the disability policy representation. This qualitative research guided by a comparative research design will compare university policies from the University of Cape town and University of Zimbabwe. The research will draw on Carol Bacchi’s “what’s the problem represented to be” framework and the notion of civic epistemologies by Sheila Jasanoff. These frameworks will be buttressed by Institutional logics as the theory to underpin the study. The analysis in this research seeks to elucidate implicit assumptions and underlying rationale used in the inclusion of students with disabilities in university policies. This research intends to highlight similarities and differences between them. Insights from the comparison will be used to explore how university policies position and govern students with disabilities with differential disadvantages and need.
A Phenomenological Study on Chinese College Students’ Experiences in Developing Intercultural Competence
Authors: Li Li
Published: February 2021

This research will be a phenomenological study about Chinese private university students’ domestic learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) experiences and overseas study abroad experiences in developing intercultural competence (IC). The study will be conducted for two phases, i.e. the first phase in China and the second phase in the United Sates.  This paper consists of two parts. The first part introduces the research topic and purpose, research significance, and research questions. The second part discusses the research methodology and methods at the proposal stage.
Filipino and American Teachers: Their Differences in Psychological Needs, Performance, and Culture
Authors: Maravillas Mart Andrew
Published: February 2021

This study addresses the dearth of literature about the Filipino international teachers whose presence continues to pervade the K-12 education system of the United States. Through quantitative analyses and the self-determination theory framework, it seeks to answer how basic psychological needs are addressed in higher education institutions set in different cultural settings and whether culture has a role in Filipino international teachers’ performance. The findings of this study may have an implication on home country’s teacher education, US teacher recruitment, and in-service professional development of international teachers. The ultimate goal of this study is how to fully prepare and support international teachers for the best of the American youth.
The Development of Student's Understanding of Self, Inequality, and Service during a Critical International Service Learning Program in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Gombin-Sperling Jeremy
Published: February 2021

Since January 2018, my colleague and I have co-led a two-week, three-credit critical international service learning course to Santiago de Los Caballeros, Dominican Republic. Our course is designed to question and complicate students’ relationship to service through the use of intergroup dialogue pedagogy and theory. Intergroup dialogue (IGD) encourages students to understand one another across their social identities (e.g., race, gender, sexuality, ability, nationality, ability, etc.) by engaging in conversations around social issues and power that allow us to unpack our relationship to systems of oppression and inequality (Zúñiga 2003). My proposed research is focused on the 2020 iteration of this program and will look more closely at the impact on student learning to see how, if it all, students' ideas around identity, the nature of inequality, and the purpose of service shift throughout their experience abroad. Through analysis of student reflection journals and multiple interviews with participants, I hope to gain insight into this question. This research will add to the growing field of critical studies of international service learning by assessing whether or not our program and its pedagogy is able to undo oppressive ideologies and/or strengthen existing ideologies built on collective solidarity that our students carry regarding identity, inequality and service.
Expanding use of the English language for research and its Implications for Higher Education Institutions and Researchers
Authors: Yallew Addisalem Tebikew
Published: February 2021

The knowledge era or the knowledge society has made universities one of the central institutions for the production of new knowledge and scholarship. In line with this development, many African universities, that were often regarded as teaching-learning laden, are reorienting their mission and vision embracing research intensiveness as one of their aspirations with the goal of becoming globally or regionally competitive and locally relevant. This  qualitiative research focusing on the use of the English language for research in selected African flagship universities in Ethiopia, Mozambique and South Africa is conducted against a backdrop where questions related to research productivity are becoming more central not only to higher education institutions but to higher educational research pertaining to the continent. Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of capital, field, and habitus in general and specifically that of linguistic capital as an aspect of cultural capital are used to inform the conceptualization and the analysis of the research. To explore issues pertaining to the interlinked concepts of language and (de)colonization in research, postcolonial perspectives on language and education are used to guide the study. The study is expected to contribute to our understanding of (English) language and research in African higher education.
Wide-lens angle: International students’ constructions of academic support in a selected South African university
Authors: NWOKEDI PEACE     GINIKA
Published: February 2021

The study is an attempt to better understand the complex nature of academic support in higher education, particularly, drawing from the voices of the existing international postgraduate students at a selected university in South Africa. This qualitative study is explorative and participatory in nature and draws on the question: what are the international postgraduate students’ constructions of academic support in a South African university? 12 full time international students were purposively selected. The main findings are illustrated and discussed under 3 broad themes namely: intrapersonal relationships and resilience’s; improved interpersonal relationships among international students; as well as the effect of postgraduate strategic teaching and learning programmes. Significantly, the findings of this study revealed that the international postgraduate students reported a slightly higher level of agency towards their academic activities. A possible explanation may be found in the diverse set of university activities that students access for support. This paper concludes by exploring what lessons emerge when participatory visual methodologies, such as photovoice, are integrated into research with students about their own learning.
U.S. National Higher Education Internationalization Policy
Authors: Soobrayen Veerasamy Yovana
Published: February 2021

Situated within the context of globalization, the purpose of this historical policy analysis study is to identify and describe the ways in which multiple actors shape national higher education internationalization policy within the U.S., and to capture the emerging direction in higher education internationalization policy at the national level between 2000 and 2019. Data will be collected from multiple sources at the national level essentially from organizations within the public, private and voluntary policy-making sectors. The guiding theoretical framework for this study will rely on horizontal and vertical historical analysis. The study aims to describe (1) how policy is shaped in a pluralistic policy-making process, (2) identify factors that influenced policy trajectory, and (3) outline policy rationales between 2000 and 2019.
Work-Integrated Learning for Mining Engineering Training and the Employability Nexus in Traditional Research Universities
Authors: Dipitso Paul
Published: February 2021

Globally, employability is increasingly becoming an issue of concern in higher education due to demands from the labour market requiring work-ready graduates. In the Global South, particularly South Africa, universities are on a quest to develop competence and improve student employability. This paper is set to investigate the impact of work-integrated learning on employability for mining engineering undergraduates in South Africa.  The research data were collected using the mixed methods approach and a case study design. Experiential learning was used to examine the impact of work-integrated learning on the employability of mining engineering students. The findings provide a description of perspectives for mining engineers, lecturers, and workplace supervisors concerning the enhancement of employability for mining engineering students. The findings revealed that professional associations play a crucial role in the development of professional skills. This article argues for strong partnerships with industry partners to nurture the employability of mining engineering students.
Exploring Labor Market Outcomes at Binational Universities
Authors: Schueller Jessica
Published: February 2021

Transnational education (TNE) is predicted to play a large role in the future landscape of international higher education. Binational universities are transnational, higher education institutions formed by two governments constituting a collaborative form of TNE. Despite career factors being one of the primary motivators for participating in TNE (Knight & McNamara, 2014), we know very little about student expectations and experiences with career attainment at binational universities. This study explored the role of labor market outcomes at the binational Turkish-German University. A convergent parallel mixed methods case study design was adopted, and data collection included a survey of students and graduates (n=571) as well as interviews with key stakeholders (n=4). This research enlarges the debate on the relation between international experience and employability and provides new insight into the labor market relevance and returns of higher education programs.
Effect of Learning Abroad on the Students’ Career Direction and Employability through Australian-Indonesian Student Mobility Programs
Authors: Ikhlas Alam Nasrah
Published: February 2021

Among key features of the internationalization of higher education, student mobility has been given a big attention by universities and relevant stakeholder to achieve advance knowledge, intercultural skills, intellectual capital, and prospective labour market benefit. The increasing number of Indonesian students studying in Australian universities indicates the development of student mobility collaboration between both nations. Australia has become the most popular destination country for Indonesian students to pursue better education and Indonesia also become one of the destination countries for Australian students to participate in international student mobility program under the New Colombo Plan (NCP). Yet, little is known, about the impact of student mobility program or learning abroad on students’ career direction and employability within the context of both nations. This article is aimed to address this gap by examining the perspectives of participating students and other relevant stakeholders from both countries. It uses Bourdieu’s thinking tools of capital, habitus, field, and the idea of cultural and social reproduction, to capture the picture of how this student mobility program affects the students in relation to their career direction and employability. Findings generated from this research will be beneficial to HEIs and policy makers in Indonesia and Australia so that all involving parties can acquire expected outcomes of this student mobility program.
A Pedagogy of Student Mobility
Authors: Geibel William
Published: February 2021

Student mobility is often hailed for its contributions to certain student outcomes such as improved international understanding and awareness (i.e. humanistic outcomes). Yet despite the heavy reliance placed upon student mobility to produce these humanistic outcomes, little academic effort has been devoted to how these outcomes are attained and what the role of the university should be in facilitating such outcomes. Far too often, universities rely on a type of magical thinking that assumes humanistic outcomes simply by bringing international students onto their campuses. As a result, shortcomings in student mobility programs persist including social and physical separation of international and domestic students, a lack of interaction between these two groups and even, at times, negative interactions that undermine the goals of these programs. Therefore, in place of magical thinking, this paper presents a pedagogy of student mobility to guide how universities approach international student programs. By conceptualizing student mobility as an educational activity in which the university must play the role of facilitator, the pedagogy borrows from a range of educational theories and tools to put forth four tenets that can assist universities in overcoming current shortcomings and fulfill the potential of student mobility programs.
COVID-19 Crisis and Faculty Members in Higher Education: From Emergency Remote Teaching to Better Teaching through Reflection
Authors: Hodges Chuck , Fowler Denver
Published: February 2021

This short essay highlights how the COVID-19 crisis forced many faculty members in the higher education setting to abruptly transition from face-to-face and hybrid instruction to remote teaching.  We highlight how emergency remote teaching can lead to overall improved instruction (regardless of future course modality) and better preparedness (for future crises) through an asserted effort to reflect on the experience as a whole.
Developing an Academic Identity Using the Cognitive Apprenticeship Model
Authors: Caskey Micki , Swanson Karen
Published: February 2021

In this essay, we describe how the cognitive apprenticeship model serves as a framework for mentoring early-career women faculty into the professoriate. We illuminate our ideas using the metaphor of a kaleidoscope to inspire and support women faculty as they grow as academic writers and build their academic identities.
Social Interaction Between Students
Authors: Aydin Oya
Published: February 2021

The relationship between local and international students has become one of the most important topics in the literature on the internationalization of education; however, these discussions have focused mainly on Western countries and on the perspectives of students who are from similar home countries. The views of students who choose to study abroad in Turkey offer different perspectives. Forty-two international and 35 local students enrolled at Istanbul Bilgi University participated in the study. No students reported an absence of relationships between local and international students; no international participants mentioned loneliness, exclusion, or isolation, even though these concepts appear in many studies of students in Western countries. All students who reported having poor relationships with other groups identified the language barrier as the main cause, and introversion in both local and international students may have prevented meaningful relationships.
Geographic Embeddedness of Higher Education Institutions in the Migration Policy Domain
Authors: Bozheva Alexandra
Published: February 2021

In 2014, Canada issued its first International Education Strategy, articulating targets for international enrollment and its economic benefits, but lacking international student retention goals. Universities and colleges used to be places where students could get immigration advice, but past Bill C-35 only Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultants can provide such advice. There is no requirement for institutions to hire these consultants. I investigate the geographic stretch of the education domain’s engagement with retention, through an examination of immigration advising support provision across Canada’s campuses. This provision is highly uneven, with a moderate association with school size, reflecting the voluntary nature of such engagement. A defined international student retention strategy could possibly change the current state of immigration governance through the education domain.
Seeking to Understand the Impact of Collaboration on Intercultural Communication Apprehension
Authors: Jacobi Laura
Published: February 2021

To assess the impact of collaboration on intercultural communication apprehension (ICA), this mixed-methods study compared ICA levels of 41 domestic and international undergraduates who participated in collaborative activities with 79 students in a control group. International student participants came from a variety of countries, while the majority of domestic students were White. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine if there were differences in Personal Report of Intercultural Communication Apprehension scores across time between the experimental and control groups. The co-instructors of the collaborative group were also interviewed. Quantitative results indicate no significant differences in ICA levels due to the collaboration. Interview data reveal the potential for collaboration to reduce ICA and for in-group bias and lack of motivation to act as barriers in reducing ICA.
Cross-Cultural Digital Information-Seeking Experiences
Authors: Binsahl Haifa , Chang Shanton , Bosua Rachelle
Published: February 2021

The number of Saudi female international students (SFISs) pursuing higher degrees in Western countries has increased dramatically. Many are faced with unusual challenges, especially acting without a male’s permission, interacting with males, and using an open, free Internet. This article proposes that SFISs experience a “digital shift” whereby their cultural, educational, and digital backgrounds impact their information-seeking behavior in Australia. The study used a qualitative interpretivist methodology, interviewing a diverse group of SFISs studying in Australia, to better understand this impact on their everyday information needs and use of information sources. Findings indicate that SFISs’ imperfect online search skills, exacerbated by English language deficiency, increase their challenges. Recommendations for supporting SFISs are offered for institutions and service providers.
“Don’t Change Yourselves"
Authors: Bjork Christopher , Abrams Anna , Hutchinson Lilia S. , Kyrkjebo Nora I.
Published: February 2021

While international students face many similar challenges, regardless of their location of study, the unique aspects of learning institutions may lead to different outcomes. Cognizant of this situation, we conducted a study designed to analyze the experiences of 28 students attending an undergraduate liberal arts college. The comments expressed by our informants underscore the sense of agency students developed as they responded to challenging circumstances that did not always recognize their unique perspectives. The subcultures they formed with other international students helped them adjust to their new surroundings without feeling obligated to discard unique aspects of themselves. Although the lived experiences of the students we interviewed rarely matched the images they carried with them when they matriculated, their comments indicated that they ultimately achieved of their goals for studying abroad. These findings offer insights into the identities and experiences that are often overlooked in research on international education.
Reflections of Learning Experiences of International Students in Sweden
Authors: Uusimaki Liisa , Garvis Susanne
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article is to present a qualitative study exploring a small cohort of nine international students’ in-depth reflections about their teaching and learning experiences studying at a major Swedish University. Interestingly while there have been numerous studies reporting on the experiences of international students attending Anglo-Saxon universities, few studies have explored teaching and learning experiences of international students studying in Sweden. Using Carol Rodgers (2002) model of four functions of reflections provided a novel way to explore international students’ reflections about their learning experiences in Sweden, especially how these are shown in the following different cycles, of presence, description, analysis and experimentation. Making sense of international students’ experiences allows us as university lecturers to enhance our understanding how to better support international students’ in their learning away from their home universities.
International Students, Reflection, and Employability
Authors: Ryan Mary , Barton Georgina
Published: February 2021

The International Student Barometer indicates international students’ interest in work experience, career advice and employment post-study. A necessary skill for all graduates is the ability to be able to reflect on and in professional practice, yet there is limited research that explores reflection, the teaching of reflective thinking, and reflexivity for international students. Our research has shown that international students may approach the process of reflection differently due to their cultural differences so it is important that universities acknowledge and consider further ways in which to teach and assess reflection for international students. This special issue shares 7 papers related to international students and reflection by drawing on Rodgers’ four functions of reflection. We hope that the special issue is of value to the journal’s readership, particularly in regard to assisting both academic and support staff in universities with their work on reflection with international students.
The Relationship Between Perceptions of Multicultural Competence and Democratic Values
Authors: Doğru M. Said , Demirbaş İbrahim
Published: February 2021

The present study aims to determine the perceptions of multicultural competence and democratic values of science teachers in schools where international students study and to find out whether there is a relationship between them. The study surveyed 436 secondary school science teachers in the Western Black Sea region in the 2018–2019 academic year. Data were collected using the Perceptions of Multicultural Competence Scale and the Democratic Values Scale. We found positive and moderate relationship between teachers’ perceptions of multicultural competence and their democratic values. As teachers’ democratic values increased, their perceptions of multicultural competence increased, and as their democratic values decreased, their perceptions of multicultural competence decreased as well. Understanding teachers’ opinions about democratic values, justice, respect for differences, and equality reveals an important relationship between their multicultural competence and their democratic values.
Who Spends Too Much Time Online?
Authors: Koo Katie , Nyunt Gudrun , Wang Boshi
Published: February 2021

This study investigated the relation between Internet addiction and several associated factors (mental health, academic performance, socioeconomic status, self-esteem, demographic characteristics) for international students in the United States. One hundred and fifty-seven international students at a U.S. university completed five questionnaires: an Internet usage behavior questionnaire, an Internet addiction scale, a self-esteem inventory, a mental health inventory, and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS to examine the relation between Internet addiction and associated factors. The results indicated that male students who speak English as a second language and who are not religious are more likely to develop Internet addiction. Academic performance and socioeconomic status were found to be positive predictors of Internet addiction, and mental health and self-esteem were found to be negative predictors of Internet addiction. The relations between other associated factors were also examined.
The Impact of Education in South Asia
Authors: Namalefe Susan Allen
Published: February 2021

Education is produced within power relationships; therefore, power and social dynamics are central to any analysis of the impact of education. The acquisition and benefits of education are similarly intertwined by class, family, gender and social tensions, relentlessly mutating into different varieties, environments and appearances, and endlessly involving control. This is the essence of The Impact of Education in South Asia. Drawing from case studies, ethnographic research, and interviews from different parts of India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka, the authors attempt to provide perspective to the relationship between education and society. Formal education challenges society by changing gender roles, household organization, family, and the caste system. Individuals negotiate and transform culture and the educational system.
Understanding Black-African International Students’ Experiences in United States Colleges and Universities through Social Identity Theory
Authors: Awuor Diana Carole
Published: February 2021

In this literature review, Henri Tajfel’s social identity theory (SIT) is explained and examined as potentially useful for analyzing the experiences of Black-African international students (BAIS) in U. S. colleges and universities. Race has been and still is a major issue in the United States. Through this review of literature, I sought to find out how BAIS race affected their experiences in the United States.
Walking on Gender Tightrope With Multiple Marginalities
Authors: Lim Jae Hoon , Wang Yi , Wu Tong , Li Zhi , Sun Ting
Published: February 2021

This phenomenological research explored how Asian female international students (AFISs) understand the role of gender in their program experiences and how they cope with the challenges derived from their multiple marginalities—gender, foreign nationality, and race/ethnicity. Based on in-depth interviews with 21 Asian female international graduate students enrolled in various science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines, we analyzed the ideological undercurrents embedded in their genderblind perspectives and examined their coping strategies in the context of STEM disciplines. Our thematic findings illustrate the participants’ multiple marginalities as manifested in the concept of “gender advantage,” and the precarious power dynamics and ironic coping strategies that they adopt in undergraduate teaching contexts. This study suggests that STEM educators in higher education understand the multifaceted struggles of AFISs who inevitably embody multiple marginalities in their graduate programs and provide culturally relevant support and advocacy-based professional mentoring.
The Frequency and Importance of Accurate Heritage Name Pronunciation for Post-Secondary International Students in Canada
Authors: Zhang Ying Shan Doris , Noels Kimberly
Published: February 2021

International students’ names are often mispronounced, and this experience can have psychological and relational implications for some students’ cross-cultural adjustment. Little research, however, has examined why students are or are not bothered by mispronunciations. This study examined the impact of heritage name mispronunciation on 173 language-minority international students in Canada. The results indicated that although heritage name mispronunciations occurred frequently, only about half of the sample perceived correct pronunciation as important. Those who felt accurate pronunciation was important stressed that their name had a strong connection to their heritage and that mispronunciations were disrespectful of that significance. Those who felt accurate pronunciation was not important cited little personal connection to the name and accepted mispronunciations for reasons of efficiency. The findings suggest that accurate heritage name pronunciation can facilitate the adjustment of international students by fostering positive affect, communicative comfort, and relational closeness during cross-cultural interactions in the host countries.
Language Challenges Faced by International Graduate Students in the United States
Authors: Kuo Ya-Hui
Published: February 2021

Universities and colleges in the United States require international graduate students to provide certain English proficiency documents along with their admission applications before they are admitted to their programs.This study explored the language challenges faced by international graduate students at a Southern university in the U.S. The author also offered recommendations and suggestions to prepare and assist international graduate students in adjusting, adapting, and overcoming their language challenges.
Understanding the International Student Experience
Authors: Bista Krishna
Published: February 2021

Catherine Montgomery has depicted a clear picture of how international students encounter both social and cultural, academic differences and learn positively as a result of crosscultural experiences while studying as abroad sojourns in her book, Understanding the International Student Experience. She has established a strong relationship with foreign students who pursue higher education overseas with home cultures, languages, and learning backgrounds.
Grounded Identities, Transient Lives: The Emergence of International Student Voices in an Era of Cosmopolitan Learning
Authors: Gargano Terra
Published: February 2021

This paper is an exploration of the identity negotiations of two international undergraduate students at a public research university in the United States. Studying abroad constitutes a culturally contested space for educational sojourners, with ruptures that require constant sense-making and negotiations of identities as students attempt to combine the foreign and the familiar. Situational contexts, interpersonal interactions, and the imagination all determine what students learn and how that learning occurs. However, the influence of cosmopolitan learning on the identity negotiations of students is little understood. The experiences of foreign students in many ways challenge the traditional understanding of an international education and the categorization of a traditional international student. Focusing almost exclusively on nationality as an organizing agent and bereft of significant and robust concepts that bring into view the content of international student sense-making, international education discourses neglect to explore the complexity and meanings students ascribe to educational sojourns.
Counseling International Students: Clients from Around the World
Authors: Leon Raul A. , Chmiel Jamie
Published: February 2021

International students have emerged as a student population that plays a critical role in the internationalization efforts of institutions of higher education across the world. Currently, the United States leads the world in the number of international students on local campuses. In 2000, a total of 547,867 international students were enrolled in U.S. colleges and universities. According to the Open Doors report, the number of international students reached 764,495 in 2011 (Institute of International Education, 2012).
Actual vs. Ideal Attraction: Trends in the Mobility of Korean International Students
Authors: Ghazarian Peter G.
Published: February 2021

In the Republic of Korea (Korea), pressures emerging from the domestic education system seem to drive growing numbers of tertiary students abroad. This trend creates an outward flow of resources and has a number of impacts on Korean society. This study examines trends in the movement of tertiary students out of Korea from 2001 to 2010 and compares destinations’ actual market share with the Korean public’s ideal attraction. The results provide insight into the push-pull factors influencing Korean students’ destination choice and the influence of higher education policy in the global market for international students.
Reading Between the Signs: Intercultural Communication for Sign Language Interpreters
Authors: Holtz Rolf
Published: February 2021

This book presents the subtleties of a most remarkable human attribute: The ability to understand and communicate language. The focus of the book does examine the basic elements of interpreting and translating for the deaf. However, it takes the reader far beyond the linguistic challenges of American Sign Language (ASL) into the realm of interpreting for world cultures. The book presupposes a well-developed understanding of ASL and readers are expected to already be convinced that ASL is a real language. Deaf and hearing individuals will unquestionably profit from the analyses of culture that are always present in the medical, business, educational, and interpersonal situations in which deaf interpreters are active.
The “Redirecting” of International Students: American Higher Education Policy Hindrances and Implications
Authors: García Hugo A. , Villarreal María de Lourdes
Published: February 2021

International student mobility in higher education has gained currency as an important topic in today’s global, political, and economic environment. United States postsecondary institutions are working to expand their international student population to increase revenue and diversity. The current higher education and economic context has produced a “global war” to identify, recruit, and matriculate talented students who have become more mobile when selecting postsecondary education destinations. Thus, in order to provide a clear picture of the current status of international student migration to the United States, we sought to understand the following: 1)prestige as a determining factor in the selection of studying abroad for non-Americans living outside the United States; 2) federal and state financial influences that directly affect institutions’ abilities to enroll foreign students; 3) implications for postsecondary institutions in the United States; and 4) implications for scientific, cultural, and economic advancement for the United States.
A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Domestic American and International Chinese Students’ Social Media Usage
Authors: Xu Qiong , Mocarski Richard
Published: February 2021

This survey of American and Chinese students at a state university in the southern United States measures Social Media (SM) use and attitudes toward SM. The purpose of this study was to investigate student perception and motivation of social media communication and the relationship between student cultural values and their social media participation. The implications of students’ social media participation to an international community were also explored in this study. Foregrounded in the analysis is the role that academic services play in domestic and international students’ scholastic experience, and what SM functions students’ use to engage with these services. The contribution of this study, beyond being one of the first to look at the difference between international and domestic students’ SM patterns, includes a call for the further nuancing of the construct of culture, where culture is dynamic and temporal, instead of just country of origin.
The Interplay of International Students’ Acculturative Stress, Social Support, and Acculturation Modes
Authors: Sullivan Christopher , Kashubeck-West Susan
Published: February 2021

This study examined the relationship between acculturation modes (assimilation, integration, separation and marginalization), social support, and acculturative stress in undergraduate and graduate international students (N=104) at a medium-sized public university in the Midwestern United States. The study found that international students with broad-based social support and an Integration approach to acculturation experienced lower levels of acculturative stress. Implications for more effective counseling with international students are addressed.
Flipping the Script in Study Abroad Participation: The Influence of Popular Culture and Social Networks
Authors: Nguyen Shelbee , Coryell Joellen E.
Published: February 2021

This study explores primary perceptions of and motivations to study abroad for adult and higher education learners. A large Hispanic-serving Southwestern university serves as the context of this study where undergraduate students and one graduate student were enrolled in an Italian urbanism study abroad program. The age of the participants ranged from 20 to 47, with six males and 11 females (N = 17) for an average age of 25. Participants self-identified as Caucasian (35%), Asian (6%), Latino/a (24%), Middle-Eastern (6%), and Mexican-American (52) %. Semi-structured interviews assessed formative and influential messages impacting perceptions of and motivations to study abroad. Findings lend special importance to popular culture, peer networks within and outside the institution and socially constructed meaning made about study abroad. Limitations of this study are highlighted, along with implications and directions for future research.
Impact of English Proficiency on Academic Performance of International Students
Authors: Martirosyan Nara M. , Hwang Eunjin , Wanjohi Reubenson
Published: February 2021

Using an ex-post facto, non-experimental approach, this research examined the impact of English language proficiency and multilingualism on the academic performance of international students enrolled in a four-year university located in north central Louisiana in the United States. Data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire from 59 students who were in their sophomore, junior or senior year of college. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in language proficiency and multilingualism in relation to academic performance. The highest mean GPA was evident among students who had reported high levels of self-perceived English language proficiency, and among students who spoke at least three languages.
Research Studies in Higher Education: Educating Multicultural College Students
Authors: Hamilton Cory , Leon Raul A.
Published: February 2021

Research Studies in Higher Education: Educating Multicultural College Students is a collection of nine studies that examine the experiences of underrepresented students enrolled in colleges and universities across the US. Presenting both quantitative and qualitative findings, this book enhances our understanding of current topics such as equity, access, achievement, and retention, focusing on the experiences of students. For international students and scholars, this book offers an insight into significant hurdles faced by many multicultural and non-traditional students and recommendations presented to improve college retention and academic success. This book examines the effectiveness of programs and policies intended to assist students of color, first generation college students, low-income students, undecided students, and non-traditional students.
Japanese Exchange Students’ Academic and Social Struggles at an American University
Authors: Sato Takahiro , Hodge Samuel R.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the views of exchange students from Asia about their academic and social experiences at an American university. The participants were eight exchange students from Japan (four men and four women). This study was descriptive-qualitative (Patton, 2002). The data sources were a demographic survey and two semi-structured interviews conducted during the participants’ study abroad sojourn. The interview data were analyzed using the constant comparative method (Merriam, 1998). The emergent themes were (a) social distance contributes to academic struggles, (b) collectivism positioned against individualism, (c) isolation in group discussions, and (d) professors’ negativity. We include recommendations aimed at improving international students’ academic and social experiences at American universities.
A Phenomenological Study on International Doctoral Students’ Acculturation Experiences at a U.S. University
Authors: Campbell Throy A.
Published: February 2021

A phenomenological method was used to analyze ten international doctoral students’ description of their lived experiences at a United States (U.S.) university. The analysis was based on the theoretical premise of how students acculturate to their new educational settings. Three broad overlapping themes emerged: (1) participants’ past experiences that influenced their desire to study in the U.S.; (2) participants’ interactions within academic and non-academic settings; and (3) the role of family relationships during their studies within the U.S. The study revealed that the students: were optimistic about the societal opportunities from studying in the U.S., were appreciative of their interaction with instructors, had inadequate relationship with supervising professors, participated in limited social activity outside of academic settings, and made adjustment to family relationships.