bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antenatal care status of refugees: a tertiary center experience
Authors: SOYSAL Sunullah , KARAKUŞ Betül , TOPAL Esra , CANSIZ Cennet , BUDANCAMANAK Zeynep
Published: January 2021

Aim: Refugees around the world is a major health problem. Lack of antenatal care among pregnant refuges may result in poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. In this study it was aimed to show current antenatal care status of refugees and evaluate intrapartum and postpartum features in a tertiary center in south west of Turkey.

Material and methods: Demographic, antenatal, peripartum and postpartum clinical features of 311 refugee women who gave birth in a tertiary hospital in Turkey are evaluated.

Results: Adolescent pregnancy was seen in 21.5% of refugees. Consanguineous marriage was seen in %14.1of women. Ninety nine percent of refugee pregnants didn’t have regular antenatal care. Cesarean section rate was 22.5% among refugee labors.

Conclusion: This study reveals that refugee women lack enough antenatal care. Although antenatal care is free and easily accessible in Turkey, refugee women don’t attend antenatal care programs. For this reason, refugee women should be educated and informed about the importance of antenatal care.
Análise de Sentimento para Reviews Apresentados em Vídeos: Modelo de Redes Neurais Treinado em Base de Reviews Escritos/ Sentiment Analysis for Reviews Featured in Videos: Neural Network Model Trained on Written Reviews Database
Authors: Costa João Paulo Vieira , Barros Romulo Baldez de , Dantas Caio César Silva , Sousa Raquel Cristina de , Gouveia Cristiano Gonçalves Nascimento , Mirapalheta Gustavo Correa
Published: January 2021

A análise de sentimentos tem sido apresentada como uma técnica importante para avaliação de reviews em grandes volumes de dados disponibilizados nas redes sociais. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem de busca dos textos a partir de transcrições de vídeos disponibilizados sobre reviews de smartphones e aplica a análise de sentimentos neste context a partir do treinamento de modelo de Redes Neurais Convolutivas em uma base de dados com 10.063.255 reviews escritos de um site de compras online e avaliado o seu desempenho em classificações dos trechos de reviews classificados manualmente pelos pesquisados. Como resultado, conclui-se que o aproveitamento do padrão textual observado em uma base de dados de reviews escritos pode trazer resultados positivos mesmo aplicado em um padrão diferente e que não esteja disponível ou classificada para uma tarefa de aprendizado supervisionado.
Harmonic Analysis in d-Dimensional Superconformal Field Theory
Authors:   DESY, Germany, Burić Ilija
Published: January 2021

Superconformal blocks and crossing symmetry equations are among central ingredients in any superconformal field theory. We review the approach to these objects rooted in harmonic analysis on the superconformal group that was put forward in [J. High Energy Phys. 2020 (2020), no. 1, 159, 40 pages, arXiv:1904.04852] and [J. High Energy Phys. 2020 (2020), no. 10, 147, 44 pages, arXiv:2005.13547]. After lifting conformal four-point functions to functions on the superconformal group, we explain how to obtain compact expressions for crossing constraints and Casimir equations. The later allow to write superconformal blocks as finite sums of spinning bosonic blocks.
Identification and Mitigation of a Vibrational Telescope Systematic with Application to Spitzer
Authors: Challener Ryan C. , Harrington Joseph , Jenkins James , Kurtovic Nicolás T. , Ramirez Ricardo , McIntyre Kathleen J. , Himes Michael D. , Rodríguez Eloy , Anglada-Escudé Guillem , Dreizler Stefan , Ofir Aviv , Peña Rojas Pablo A. , Ribas Ignasi , Rojo Patricio , Kipping David , Butler R. Paul , Amado Pedro J. , Rodríguez-López Cristina , Palle Enric , Murgas Felipe
Published: January 2021

We observed Proxima Centauri with the Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Array Camera five times in 2016 and 2017 to search for transits of Proxima Centauri b. Following standard analysis procedures, we found three asymmetric, transit-like events that are now understood to be vibrational systematics. This systematic is correlated with the width of the point-response function (PRF), which we measure with rotated and nonrotated-Gaussian fits with respect to the detector array. We show that the systematic can be removed with a novel application of an adaptive elliptical-aperture photometry technique, and compare the performance of this technique with fixed and variable circular-aperture photometry, using both BiLinearly Interpolated Subpixel Sensitivity (BLISS) maps and nonbinned Pixel-Level Decorrelation (PLD). With BLISS maps, elliptical photometry results in a lower standard deviation of normalized residuals, and reduced or similar correlated noise when compared to circular apertures. PLD prefers variable, circular apertures, but generally results in more correlated noise than BLISS. This vibrational effect is likely present in other telescopes and Spitzer observations, where correction could improve results. Our elliptical apertures can be applied to any photometry observations, and may be even more effective when applied to more circular PRFs than Spitzer’s.
Narrowband Observations of Comet 46P/Wirtanen during Its Exceptional Apparition of 2018/19. I. Apparent Rotation Period and Outbursts
Authors: Farnham Tony L. , Knight Matthew M. , Schleicher David G. , Feaga Lori M. , Bodewits Dennis , Skiff Brian A. , Schindler Josephine
Published: January 2021

We obtained broad- and narrowband images of the hyperactive comet 46P/Wirtanen on 33 nights during its 2018/2019 apparition, when the comet made a historic close approach to the Earth. With our extensive coverage, we investigated the temporal behavior of the comet on both seasonal and rotational timescales. We used CN observations to explore the coma morphology, revealing that there are two primary active areas that produce spiral structures. The direction of rotation of these structures changes from pre- to postperihelion, indicating that the Earth crossed the comet’s equatorial plane sometime around perihelion. We also used the CN images to create photometric light curves that consistently show two peaks in the activity, confirming the two source regions. We measured the nucleus’s apparent rotation period at a number of epochs using both the morphology and the light curves. These results all show that the rotation period is continuously changing throughout our observation window, increasing from 8.98 hr in early November to 9.14 hr around perihelion and then decreasing again to 8.94 hr in February. Although the geometry changes rapidly around perihelion, the period changes cannot be primarily due to synodic effects. The repetition of structures in the coma, both within a night and from night to night, strongly suggests that the nucleus is in a near-simple rotation state. We also detected two outbursts, one on December 12 and the other on January 28. Using the apparent velocities of the ejecta in these events, 68 ± 5 and 162 ± 15 m s−1, respectively, we derived start times of 2018 December 12 at 00:13 UT ± 7 minutes and 2019 January 27 at 20:01 UT ± 30 minutes.
Characteristics of Patellofemoral Measurement in Indonesian Population Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Rhatomy Sholahuddin , Silalahi Kurniawan , Putra Anggaditya , Kresonni Nolli
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: The patellofemoral join is a unique complex joint formed by articulation of the patella and the femoral trochlea. Normal measures for patellofemoral parameters have been published.
AIM: This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patellofemoral measurements in Indonesian population using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
METHODS: This descriptive total sampling study was conducted from May 2019 to August 2020. The parameters of the measurements in this study include Insall-Salvati ratio, Caton-Deschamps index, trochlear angle, lateral trochlear inclination, TT (tibia tubercle) – TG (trochlear groove) distance, and trochlear depth. The mean results of the measurements were compared with the normal value measurements that are internationally used.
RESULTS: A total of 100 normal knees MRI scan from patients consisting of 54 (54%) males and 46 (46%) females, with an average age of 35.09 ± 12.77 (19–60) years old. The average body mass index (BMI) was 28.07 ± 3.0 (22–34). Based on ethnicity, subjects were mostly Javanese (66%), Sundanese (12%), Madura (4%), Minangkabau (7%), and the others (11%). The mean of Insall-Salvati ratio was 1.09 ± 0.17 (0.49–1.60). The mean of Caton-Deschamps index was 0.97 ± 0.16 (0.62–1.64). The mean of trochlear angle was 138.97° ± 119.7 (122°–160°). The mean of lateral trochlear inclination was 20.37° ± 4.56 (11.0°–30.6°). The mean of TT-TG distance was 13.76 ± 5.86 (4.9–41), and the mean of trochlear depth was 5.18 ± 1.87 (1.05–8.6). Those values were within normal range of international values. There were no significant differences between comparison of males and females.
CONCLUSION: The means of Insall-Salvati ratio, Caton-Deschamps index, trochlear angle, lateral trochlear inclination, and TT-TG trochlear depth of the Indonesian people were within the international normal range, and higher than other countries’ published measurements.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4-(5-ARYL-2-FUROYL)morpholines and 4-[(5-ARYL-2-FURYL)carbonothioyl] morpholines
Authors: Matiichuk Yuliia , Gorak Yuri , Martyak Roman , Chaban Taras , Ogurtsov Volodymyr , Chaban Igor , Matiychuk Vasyl
Published: January 2021

By the reaction of furan-2-carboxylic acids and furfural with diazonium salts 1a-j the arylfuran-2-carboxylic acids 4a-e and 5-arylfuran-2-carbaldehydes 5a-f were synthesized. Acids 4a-e were transformed into appropriated acylchlorides 6a-e and were used for preparation of 4-(5-aryl-2-furoyl)morpholines 7a-e. 4-[(5-Aryl-2-furyl)carbonothioyl]morpholines 8a-f were prepared from aldehydes 5a-f by using Willgerodt-Kindler reaction. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. All these new compounds gave spectroscopic data in accordance with the proposed structures. The antimicrobial activities of synthesized compounds 7a-e and 8a-f were investigated and the compounds with high activity against C. neoformans ATCC 208821 were identified.
Contacts de langue dans les espaces discursifs numériques des chroniques : la diversité linguistique en partage
Authors: Bigot Violaine , Maillard-De La Corte Gomez Nadja , Noûs Camille
Published: January 2021

Les chroniques sont des récits en épisodes publiés sur Internet (Facebook, Wattpad…) écrits par des jeunes aux origines diverses, le plus souvent issus de migrations postcoloniales, évoluant dans l'univers plurilingue et pluriculturel des quartiers périphériques des grandes villes. La mise en discours de l'hétérogénéité linguistique est étudiée ici dans les espaces discursifs (le récit lui-même et les échanges avec les lectrices qui l'entourent) de 16 chroniques. Sont analysés les jeux de dénomination des langues et les diverses formes d'altérisation de fragments de discours (traduction, commentaires métalangagiers, jeux typographiques…). Les effets recherchés par ces jeux d'hétérogénéité linguistique montrée sont ensuite étudiés. Au-delà de "l'effet de réel" lié à la mise en scène de la cité, ils permettent la construction d'un éthos (dit et montré) de locuteur/écrivain plurilingue, la mise en récit d'interactions familiales et amicales où les langues jouent un rôle central dans la construction de la relation et des identités et enfin le développement, dans les échanges avec les lectrices, de jeux identitaires complexes. L'hétérogénéité des répertoires apparaît comme fortement thématisée dans ces espaces discursifs où elle semble constituer un bien "en partage".
Pratiques plurilingues in situ : le cas de l'intercompréhension à travers un scénario ludo-pédagogique et télécollaboratif
Authors: Chazot Delphine
Published: January 2021

Cet article présente une étude qui a été menée dans le cadre de la thèse en pédagogie à l'Université nationale autonome du Mexique (Unam) sur les pratiques plurilingues in situ, avec une initiation à l'intercompréhension en langues romanes à travers un scénario ludo-pédagogique et télécollaboratif médié par des outils du web 2.0 (les médias sociaux). L'objectif de cette recherche consiste à analyser l'impact du modèle de scénario proposé et les bénéfices des dimensions ludiques et télécollaboratives sur les compétences communicatives et plurilingues d'intercompréhension chez des participants adultes (étudiants de l'université et personnes salariées). Pour cela, nous avons réalisé deux expérimentations du scénario puis analysé les données recueillies de manière qualitative et quantitative. Les résultats montrent un impact du scénario, en particulier des dimensions ludiques et télécollaboratives, sur la compétence communicative des participants ainsi que des éléments favorables au développement de compétences plurilingues.
Application of Evolutionary Optimization Techniques Towards Non-Traditional Machining for Performance Enhancement
Authors: Ranjan Chikesh , Kalita Hridayjit , Babu B. Sridhar , Kumar Kaushik
Published: January 2021

Electro-chemical machining is a non-conventional machining method that is used for machining of very complicated shape. In this chapter an attempt has been made to carry out multi-objective optimization of the surface roughness (SR) and material removal rate (MRR) for the ECM process of EN 19 on a CNC ECM machine using copper electrode through evolutionary optimization techniques like teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) technique and biogeography-based optimization (BBO) technique. The input parameters considered are electrolyte concentration, voltage, feed rate, inter-electrode gap. TLBO and BBO techniques were used to obtain maximum MRR and minimum SR. In addition, obtained optimized values were validated for testing the significance of the TLBO and BBO techniques, and a very small error value of MRR and SR was found. BBO outperformed TLBO in every aspect like less percentage error and better-optimized values; however, TLBO took less computation time than the BBO.
Global University Rankings in European Higher Education Policy and Practice
Authors: Hauptman Komotar Maruša
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores the impact of global university rankings on the development and implementation of institutional and national policies and practices in the two countries forming the European Higher Education Area. More precisely, it focuses on Slovenia and the Netherlands which are rarely in the focus of comparative higher education research. Initially, it discusses the landscape of eight selected global rankings in terms of key indicators they use and criticisms to which they are subjected. Afterwards, it investigates global (and national) rankings in the framework of institutional and national policies, strategies, and practices of each country case. In the continuation, it places the obtained results into the comparative perspective and concludes by highlighting that university rankings frequently support vertical diversity within and between (Slovenian and Dutch) higher education systems and, as such, disregard the complexity of particular disciplinary, institutional and national contexts.
The Integrity of the Manufacturing and Innovation Ecosystems With the Scope of University-Industry Collaboration
Authors: Imer S. Tugrul
Published: January 2021

Innovation-based manufacturing remains the key factor in the creation of growth and prosperity. The historical indicators point to the prominent contribution of technology-based manufacturing in boosting productivity. In this context, this chapter argues that successful and sustainable innovation is possible when skilled human resources, universities, R&D facilities, and factories are located in close proximity. This approach is discussed through the impact of the of deindustrialization and reindustrialization trends in the U.S. which began in early 1980s, when neoliberal policies speeded the tendency of relocating many manufacturing businesses overseas mainly to benefit from low cost labor. However, beginning from the past decade, the U.S. Government policies have been prominently shifting towards reshoring some of the manufacturing facilities to the U.S. soil. Consistently, the historical facts show that a stronger innovation capacity is linked with an intimately associated and efficiently functioning university-industry collaboration system..
Leadership. Personality. Education
Authors: Windisch Liane , Schwinn Alisa , Faix Werner G.
Published: January 2021

The challenges of today's rapidly changing environment are tremendous. Almost every organization has new tasks; some must even completely modify their strategy or business model. In most cases, these processes are accompanied by the implementation of innovations. To achieve important innovations that are suitable to change our world for the better, the cooperation between academia and industry must be enhanced. A dual education model is suggested, as knowledge and competencies are mainly delivered by institutions of higher education, but the implementation of new ideas occurs most often in organizations. Besides the generation of new ideas, a successful realization may be challenging. Therefore, leadership is necessary. Taken together, a contemporary educational program should focus on innovation development and leadership competencies. Based on a literature review, the current situation is analyzed, and a summary of the educational requirements is given. Finally, a newly developed study program—the Diploma of Performance and Leadership—is presented.
The Study of the Epidemiology and Clinical Features of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: Barua Ranjit , Datta Sudipto , Roychowdhury Amit , Datta Pallab
Published: January 2021

Epidemiology is the technique used to detect the origins of health outcomes and diseases in inhabitants. In epidemiology, the patient, the individual, and community are viewed mutually. Epidemiology is not only the analysis of health in inhabitants; it also includes applying the information enlarged by the analysis of public-based practice. In case of medicine, the practice of epidemiology is both an art and science. Currently, COVID-19 has spread all around the world. It is basically a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Through the binding of receptor in gene region of its spike protein, ACE2 is bounded by corona virus. In this chapter, the authors summarized the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment prognosis of COVID-19. A complete consideration will help to control the disease.
Therapeutic Decision-Making Process
Authors: Rahman Md. Musfikur , Uddin Md. Nasir
Published: January 2021

Therapeutic decision making is crucial to address any health problems. Household livelihood assets had significant impact on therapeutic decision making in the study village. The researchers administered participant observation, in-depth interview, and FGD for data collection by using purposive sampling during November 2010 to June 2011. Among 250 households, the number of ill persons were 316, of which 297 received treatments from popular, folk, and professional sectors while the rest did not seek any options. The decision makers were varied for newborn, children, adolescent, adult, and aged people, and it depended on the cyclical issues of an illness episode.
Reimagining the Internship and Practicum Program
Authors: Hunter Jasmine
Published: January 2021

In this chapter, the author will touch on the necessity of social entrepreneurship within the communication program curriculum. Higher education institutions, especially historically Black colleges and universities (HBCU), commit themselves within their mission and vision statements to producing and molding the leaders of today. Since their inception, well-rounded leaders and entrepreneurs have been birthed from those historic halls and navigated their way to the highest heights of society. Therefore, it is imperative that students turned leaders must have an entrepreneurial skillset to make it within the courtroom, boardroom, classroom, and beyond.
Genetic Algorithm With Hill Climbing for Correspondences Discovery in Ontology Mapping
Authors: Ryma Guefrouchi , Mohamed-Khireddine Kholladi
Published: January 2021

Meta-heuristics are used as a tool for ontology mapping process in order to improve their performance in mapping quality and computational time. In this article, ontology mapping is resolved as an optimization problem. It aims at optimizing correspondences discovery between similar concepts of source and target ontologies. For better guiding and accelerating the concepts correspondences discovery, the article proposes a meta-heuristic hybridization which incorporates the Hill Climbing method within the mutation operator in the genetic algorithm. For test concerns, syntactic and lexical similarities are used to validate correspondences in candidate mappings. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposition for improving mapping performances in quality and computational time even for large OAEI ontologies.
DNA Fragment Assembly Using Quantum-Inspired Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Rathee Manisha , Dilip Kumar , Rathee Ritu
Published: January 2021

DNA fragment assembly (DFA) is one of the most important and challenging problems in computational biology. DFA problem involves reconstruction of target DNA from several hundred (or thousands) of sequenced fragments by identifying the proper orientation and order of fragments. DFA problem is proved to be a NP-Hard combinatorial optimization problem. Metaheuristic techniques have the capability to handle large search spaces and therefore are well suited to deal with such problems. In this chapter, quantum-inspired genetic algorithm-based DNA fragment assembly (QGFA) approach has been proposed to perform the de novo assembly of DNA fragments using overlap-layout-consensus approach. To assess the efficacy of QGFA, it has been compared genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and ant colony optimization-based metaheuristic approaches for solving DFA problem. Experimental results show that QGFA performs comparatively better (in terms of overlap score obtained and number of contigs produced) than other approaches considered herein.
Crowdsourced Social Media Reaction Analysis for Recommendation
Authors: Verma Jaiprakash Vinodkumar , Tanwar Sudeep , Garg Sanjay , Rathod Abhay Dinesh
Published: January 2021

A pre-analysis is always important for crucial decision making in many events where reviews, feedback, and comments posted by different stakeholders play an important role. Summaries generated by humans are mostly based on abstractive summarization. It sometimes changes the meaning of the text. This paper proposes a customized extractive summarization approach to generate a summary of large text extracted from social media viz. Twitter, YouTube review, feedback, comments, etc. for a movie. The proposed approach where PageRank with k-means clustering was used to select representative sentences from a large number of reviews and feedback. Cluster heads were selected based on the customization of PageRank. The proposed approach shows improved results over the graph-based TextRank approach with and without synonyms. It can be applied to predict trends for items other than movies through the social media platform.
Collaborative Intrusion Detection System in Cognitive Smart City Network (CSC-Net)
Authors: Daniel D.  , Preethi N.  , Jakka Aishwarya , Eswaran Sivaraman
Published: January 2021

Smart environment is about incorporating smart thinking in the environment and implementing the technical intervention that improvise the city's environment. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides solutions in huge technological issues in various aspects of day-to-day life such as autonomous transportation, governance, healthcare, agriculture, maintenance, logistics, and education that are automated, managed, controlled, and accessed remotely with the aid of smart devices. Cognitive computing is denoted as a next-generation AI-dependent method that gives human-computer interactions with personalized services that replicate manual behavior. Simultaneously, massive data is generated from the applications of the smart city like smart transportation, retail industry, healthcare, and governance. It is necessary to obtain a reliable, sustainable, continuous, and secure framework in the cloud centralized infrastructure. In this research article, the authors proposed the architecture of cognitive smart city network (CSC-Net) that defines how data are collected from applications of smart city and scrutinized by cognitive computing. This research article predicts the mobile edge computing solution (MEC) that permits node collaboration between internet of things (IoT) devices for providing secure and reliable communication among smart devices and fog layer, conversely fog layer and cloud layer. This proposed work helps to reduce the excessive traffic flow in smart environment with the support of node to node communication protocols. Collaborative-dependent intrusion detection system (C-IDS) is proposed to solve the data security issues in fog and cloud layers.
An Auction-Based Incentivized Solution Against DDoS Attacks
Authors: Gupta B. B. , Dahiya Amrita
Published: January 2021

There has been a giant growth in complexity and severity of DDoS attacks from the last past decade. Major research has focused solely on technical solutions. Economic solutions based on incentives have not been given attention. Every DDoS attack is driven by some strong incentive of an attacker. DDoS attacks can only be tackled by providing incentives to legitimate users and at the same time by making attacker deprived of the same. In this paper, VCG-based bidding mechanism has been presented to handle DDoS attacks. VCG is an economic approach used to allocate public good fairly among users. Proposed approach is inherently incentive compatible where attackers do not have any incentive to announce false bid value. Along with making attacker incentive-less, proposed approach is satisfying desirable properties like truthfulness, incentive compatibility, allocative efficiency, and individual rationality. Experimentations have been conducted for proposed method using Java. Output graphs have shown satisfying above mentioned properties.
Study of Relative Metallic Character of Noble Metals Cu, Ag and Au at Normal Temperatures
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Kumari Priti , Saurav Kumar , Poddar Purushottam , Verma Vijay Kumar
Published: January 2021

The relative metallic character of noble metals, Cu, Ag & Au has been suggested by their physical and chemical properties. Their position in the metallic series is in the neighborhood of that of Li, Mg and Zn. These Metals are inferior of Li, Mg, Zn, Fe, Co and Ni in metallic character. Li, Mg, Zn, Fe, Co and Ni are inferior to Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Ba and Sr. The noble metals have simple metallic character in physical properties at normal temperatures.
Experimental Investigation on Tribological Characteristics of NaOH Treated Chopped Abaca Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Kurien Rittin Abraham , Selvaraj D. Philip , Sekar M. , Rajasekar Rathanasamy , Koshy Chacko Preno
Published: January 2021

For material engineers, greater consumption of fuel by the aviation and automobile sector is a greater challenge. Based on this scenario, exploration towards the generation of new engineering materials which are lighter with superior mechanical properties in the field of aviation and automobile sector is found to be important. Reduce the fuel utilization up to 70% in the above mentioned sectors is the 2025 universe vision. According to substantial reports, eco-friendly products can be refined from natural fiber composites. Tribological characteristics of NaOH treated chopped abaca fiber reinforced epoxy composites were discussed in this paper. Using compression moulding technique, NaOH treated chopped abaca fiber reinforced epoxy composites were fabricated by varying the abaca fiber volume fraction to 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, and 25 wt%. Pin-on-disk wear testing machine is used in this study for the dry sliding wear test at different loads of 10N, 15N and 20N. The wear test sample results were compared with neat epoxy composites. The composites containing abaca fiber shows better tribological characteristics than the neat epoxy composites. The investigation results shows that wear results of the composites can be very much influenced by the speed, sliding distance and applied load. 25wt% of abaca fibre volume fraction composites was found to be the optimum value.
Effect of Bacteria Subtilis on Concrete Substituted Partially and Fully with Copper Slag
Authors: Rohini I. , Padmapriya R.
Published: January 2021

Copper slag can be considered as waste product which could have a favorable future in construction industry as a substitution to fine aggregates in concrete. Concrete is a very brittle material and in due course of time it tends to crack .These cracks, expands and corrodes the steel reinforcement which intensify the cost of maintenance and decreases the structural stability over periods of time. To avoid crack formation in concrete microorganism can be directly added to concrete during the mixing stage which is called as bacteria impregnated concrete. Bio concrete makes use of calcium carbonate precipitation in the presence of the suitable media results in microbial induced calcite crystals. This work reports an experimental procedure to investigate the effect of using copper slag in concrete when it is remedied by microorganism. Five series of concrete mixtures were prepared with different proportions of copper slag ranging from 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% to fine aggregate. Copper slag concrete mixtures were treated with 1% and 2% microorganisms by the weight of cement. All Specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days before testing. Mechanical properties such as Compressive strength and Flexural Strength of Bacterial copper slag concrete were found and compared with the conventional concrete. The highest Compressive strength obtained was 45.6 Mpa at 75% substitution of copper slag with 2% microorganism and the corresponding strength for control mix was 26.8Mpa. The highest flexural strength obtained was 10.3Mpa and the corresponding strength for control mix was 4.5Mpa.It has been observed that 75% replacement of copper slag can be effectively used as a replacement for fine aggregate when it is treated by Microorganisms.
Microstructure of Concrete Containing Sandstone Cutting Waste - A Technical Report
Authors: Mundra Sanjay , Agrawal Vinay , Nagar Ravindra
Published: January 2021

Sedimentary rocks being a historical building stone are formed by deposition of sediments & further cementation of organic & mineral particles at the earth's surface. These rocks comprise of grains predominantly with quartz content besides Plagioclase-albite, Feldspar, lithic fragments. In this research work, sandstone cutting waste was explored from the Bayana basin (Bharatpur), Rajasthan (India) and utilized in cement concrete by replacing natural sand to further evaluate its effect on the microstructure of concrete. These sandstone cutting wastes were utilized in concrete by opting 0.40 water-cement ratio, after evaluating its chemical & physical properties and the same concrete samples were studied by using scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and optical microscope besides the mercury intrusion porosimetry. Microstructure study of concrete consisting of sandstone cutting waste investigates its influence on physical & mechanical properties. The microscopic evaluation disclosed the formation of interconnecting voids in the concrete comprises sandstone cutting waste beyond its 30% substitution in concrete. The Optical microscope studies indicate the homogenous distribution of aggregates up to 30% sandstone cutting waste in concrete. Better thermal resistance was observed for concrete samples comprises of sandstone cutting waste at elevated temperatures. Effective use of sandstone cutting waste not only reduces the burden of waste in the mining region but also enhance sustainability in cement concrete construction.
Evidence for Prescribed NK Cell Ly-49 Developmental Pathways in Mice
Authors: Millan Alberto J. , Hom Bryan A. , Libang Jeremy B. , Sindi Suzanne , Manilay Jennifer O.
Published: January 2021

Previous studies of NK cell inhibitory Ly-49 genes showed their expression is stochastic. However, relatively few studies have examined the mechanisms governing acquisition of inhibitory receptors in conjunction with activating Ly-49 receptors and NK cell development. We hypothesized that the surface expression of activating Ly-49 receptors is nonrandom and is influenced by inhibitory Ly-49 receptors. We analyzed NK cell “clusters” defined by combinatorial expression of activating (Ly-49H and Ly-49D) and inhibitory (Ly-49I and Ly-49G2) receptors in C57BL/6 mice. Using the product rule to evaluate the interdependencies of the Ly-49 receptors, we found evidence for a tightly regulated expression at the immature NK cell stage, with the highest interdependencies between clusters that express at least one activating receptor. Further analysis demonstrated that certain NK clusters predominated at the immature (CD27+CD11b−), transitional (CD27+CD11b+), and mature (CD27−CD11b−) NK cell stages. Using parallel in vitro culture and in vivo transplantation of sorted NK clusters, we discovered nonrandom expression of Ly-49 receptors, suggesting that prescribed pathways of NK cluster differentiation exist. Our data infer that surface expression of Ly-49I is an important step in NK cell maturation. Ki-67 expression and cell counts confirmed that immature NK cells proliferate more than mature NK cells. We found that MHC class I is particularly important for regulation of Ly-49D and Ly-49G2, even though no known MHC class I ligand for these receptors is present in B6 mice. Our data indicate that surface expression of both activating and inhibitory Ly-49 receptors on NK cell clusters occurs in a nonrandom process correlated to their maturation stage.
Backfill research in Canadian mines
Authors: Udd J E
Published: January 2021

The Canadian mining industry has been innovative in its approach to the use of backfill in underground mines. Outstanding advances have been made in the technologies of using cemented mill tailings and smelter slags. Present research is focussed on these, as well
as on: densified and paste fills; cemented waste rock; frozen fills; fly ash substitutes; and post-consolidation. In this paper, an overview is made of the history of the development of backfill technology in Canada, and of the work presently in progress. The needs of the industry for future
research are also identified.
Duality of Gabor frames and Heisenberg modules
Authors: Jakobsen Mads S. , Luef Franz
Published: January 2021

Given a locally compact abelian group

G

and a closed subgroup

\Lambda

in

G\times\hat{G}

, Rieffel associated to

\Lambda

a Hilbert

C^*

-module

\mathcal E

, known as a Heisenberg module. He proved that

\mathcal E

is an equivalence bimodule between the twisted group

C^*

-algebra

C^*(\Lambda, \mathsf{c})

and

C^*(\Lambda^\circ,\bar{\mathsf{c}})

, where

\Lambda^{\circ}

denotes the adjoint subgroup of

\Lambda

. Our main goal is to study Heisenberg modules using tools from time-frequency analysis and pointing out that Heisenberg modules provide the natural setting of the duality theory of Gabor systems. More concretely, we show that the Feichtinger algebra

\mathbb S_O(G)

is an equivalence bimodule between the Banach subalgebras

\mathbb S_O(\Lambda,\mathsf{c})

and

\mathbb S_O(\Lambda^\circ,\bar{\mathsf{c}})

of

C^*(\Lambda,\mathsf{c})

and

C^*(\Lambda^\circ,\bar{\mathsf{c}})

, respectively. Further, we prove that

\mathbb S_O(G)

is finitely generated and projective exactly for co-compact closed subgroups

\Lambda

. In this case the generators

g_1,\ldots,g_n

of the left

\mathbb S_O(\Lambda)

-module

\mathbb S_O(G)

are the Gabor atoms of a multi-window Gabor frame for

L^2(G)

. We prove that this is equivalent to

g_1,\ldots,g_n

being a Gabor super frame for the closed subspace generated by the Gabor system for

\Lambda^\circ

. This duality principle is of independent interest and is also studied for infinitely many Gabor atoms. We also show that for any non-rational lattice

\Lambda

in

\mathbb R^{2m}

with volume

s(\Lambda) < 1

there exists a Gabor frame generated by a single atom in

\Lambda^\circ(\mathbb R^m)

.
Comparative Antibacterial Activity of Five Brands of Ciprofloxacin Injectables in Nigeria
Authors: Idowu P. A. , Shonubi E. O.
Published: January 2021

Background: Ciprofloxacin, a widely used antimicrobial agent, is available in Nigeria in various tablet and injectable dosage forms. In this era of fake and substandard drugs, it is important to be sure of the quality and antimicrobial potency of ciprofloxacin injectables imported and sold in Nigeria.Objectives: This study is aimed at evaluating and comparing the antibacterial efficacy of five different brands of ciprofloxacin infusion available in Nigeria against clinical bacterial isolates.Method: Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy was used to determine the percentage content of active pharmaceutical ingredient in each brand, while antibacterial activities were compared against five bacterial strains including: Escherichia coli (E), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ps), Proteus mirabilis (Pr), Staphylococcus aureus (St) and Salmonella typhi (Sa). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBCs) were determined by broth dilution method. Statistical analysis of the results obtained was done by ANOVA.Result: The percentage content of all the five brands of ciprofloxacin injection was not less than the specification (95-105%) of the British Pharmacopoeia, BP (2009). The susceptibility test showed that 16 out of 30 (53.3%) isolates were multidrug resistant. Ciprofloxacin was active on most of the clinical isolates which justify its wide use in treating infections in Nigeria; however, resistance to ciprofloxacin is increasing.Conclusion: Comparing the different brands, there was slight variation but no significant difference (p> 0.05) in their antibacterial activity (p= 0.96, 0.999 for sensitivity at 10μg/ml and MIC respectively).

Keywords: Ciprofloxacin brands, Fake drugs, Physicochemical analysis, Antibacterial, Antimicrobial resistance
The Fleet as the Basis for Polycrates of Samos’ Thalassocracy
Authors: Kuciak Jakub
Published: January 2021

Described most exhaustively in Herodotus’ Histories, the navy commanded by tyrant Polycrates of Samos was allegedly one of the greatest in archaic Greece, but the extant sources provide conflicting information about its history of use, structure and role in Polycrates’grand strategy. The paper analyses the available evidence to throw light on selected unknowns regarding Polycrates’naval power. Considered matters include numbers and types of ships found in Polycrates’ navy: penteconters, triremes and samainae, the invention of the latter type traditionally ascribed to Polycrates. Relevantly to this article, the Greek historiographic tradition frequently ascribes famous inventions to famous personages: within this text, I attempt to untangle this association to test whether it holds true for Polycrates. Finally, I examine how the tyrant obtained funds to maintain his sizeable fleet, investigating whether Polycrates might have resorted to pillaging and privateering to pay for his navy’s upkeep.
The Maritime Policy of the Tyrants of Pherae
Authors: Sprawski Sławomir
Published: January 2021

This article examines the role played by the sea in the policy of the tyrants of Pherae. Although it has often been emphasised that control over the port in Pagasae and the profits from the maritime trade were closely linked to the city’s increasing importance in the late 5th and first half of the 4th century, these issues are yet to be the subject of a more detailed analysis. This article is the first part of a comprehensive study on the maritime activity of the Pheraean tyrants in the period from Jason’s first documented political move to the end of the reigns of Lycophron and Peitholaus. It focuses on political moves, and especially on relations with Athens, as the largest maritime power of the period. One of the most important instruments of maritime policy was maintaining a fleet. The article considers the circumstances of its building, its size and its use.
Athenian ‘Imperialism’ in the Aegean Sea in the 4th Century BCE: The Case of Keos
Authors: Duszyński Wojciech
Published: January 2021

This article concerns the degree of direct involvement in the Athenian foreign policy in the 4th century BC. One of main questions debated by scholars is whether the Second Athenian Sea League was gradually evolving into an arche, to eventually resemble the league of the previous century. The following text contributes to the scholarly debate through a case study of relations between Athens and poleis on the island of Keos in 360s. Despite its small size, Keos included four settlements having the status of polis: Karthaia, Poiessa, Koresia and Ioulis, all members of the Second Athenian League. Around year 363/2 (according to the Attic calendar),anti-Athenian riots, usually described as revolts, erupted on Keos, to be quickly quelled by the strategos Chabrias. It is commonly assumed that the Athenians used the uprising to interfere directly in internal affairs on the island, enforcing the dissolution of the local federation of poleis. However, my analysis of selected sources suggests that such an interpretation cannot be readily defended: in fact, the federation on Keos could have broken up earlier, possibly without any external intervention. In result, it appears that the Athenians did not interfere in the local affairs to such a degree as it is often accepted.
Les Pisidiens à Rhodes aux époques hellénistique et romaine
Authors: Bru Hadrien
Published: January 2021

In the perspective of a complete external prosopography of the Pisidians in progress, this article presents a commented catalogue of 61 persons who lived on the island of Rhodos and in its Carian Peraia from the 3rd century BCE to the beginning of the Roman Imperial period. Concerning those slaves, mercenaries, artists, craftsmen or merchants, a historical context is provided, then remarks on their juristic, social and economical status. The evoked documentation is based on inscribed monuments—mainly funerary—and amphora stamps.
The Aegean Imaginarium: Selected Stereotypes and Associations Connected with the Aegean Sea and Its Islands in Roman Literature in the Period of the Principate
Authors: Kołoczek Bartosz Jan
Published: January 2021

This article is devoted to the rarely addressed problem of Roman stereotypes and associations connected with the Aegean Sea and its islands in the works of Roman authors in the first three centuries of the Empire. The image of the Aegean islands in the Roman literature was somewhat incongruously compressed into contradictory visions: islands of plenty, desolate prisons, always located far from Italy, surrounded by the terrifying marine element. The positive associations stemmed from previous cultural contacts between the Aegean and Rome: the Romans admired the supposedly more developed Greek civilisation (their awe sometimes underpinned by ostensible disparagement), whereas their elites enjoyed their Aegean tours and reminisced about past glories of Rhodes and Athens. The negative associations came from the islands’desolation and insignificance; the imperial authors, associating the Aegean islets with exile spots, borrowed such motifs from classical and Hellenistic Greek predecessors. The Aegean Sea, ever-present in the rich Greek mythical imaginarium, inspired writers interested in myth and folklore; other writers associated islands with excellent crops and products, renowned and valued across the Empire.
Organizational Culture in the Management of Tourist Companies
Authors: Jalinik Mikołaj , Hryniewicki Bolesław
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study is the presentation of organizational culture and its importance in the management of an enterprise in the tourism industry. Specialist literature as well as the method of observation and induction and deduction have been used in writing it. Employees are the basis for the functioning of each enterprise and the achievement of its goals. It is they who shape its image, create the organizational culture, and reputation in the environment. Their competences, knowledge, and skills determine the effectiveness and efficiency of each enterprise. Thanks to their work, products and services that meet social needs and thus create organizational progress are created. Organizational culture consists of a system of values, norms, principles, and methods of thinking and acting that has been accepted and adopted by a group of people. This phenomenon can be seen in organized social systems such as companies, schools, and others. It is a social phenomenon because it can be discussed and noticed only if it is accepted and practiced by a group of people. The notion of organization culture entered the theory of organization of management in the 1980s and 1990s on a wider scale, and studies on the topic flourished in the 1970s, when they were at the forefront of anthropological research. Organizational culture is an important basis for the effective functioning of each tourist enterprise and influences the effectiveness of its management. The importance of organizational culture is significant because it influences the work results of individuals, efficiency, job satisfaction and involvement, planning strategy, task execution, and recruitment and selection of employees, as well as their acceptance by the business entity.
The Sky Disk of Nebra Reveals Its Secrets
Authors: Góral Władysław
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the method and results of decoding the content on the Sky Disk of Nebra. It has been shown that the symbols found on it, suggesting the Sun, the Moon and the solar barge are only geometric figures facilitating the recording of astronomical knowledge. The paper first defines a polar system on the horizon plane. This system describes the range of the directions of sunrise and sunset in the annual period and the Moon in the 18.61-year cycle. It turned out that astronomical knowledge was recorded on the surface of the disk on two planes: horizontal and perpendicular one (the meridian plane). With the help of geometric constructions located on the meridian plane, it was possible to decode the range of changes in the altitude (zenith distance) of the Sun in the annual period, at the time of its upper culmination. Also, using two different geometric structures, the range of changes in altitude (zenith distance) of the Moon at the time of its upper culmination in the 18.61-year cycle was decoded