bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tratamentos Térmicos dos Aços — Uma abordagem ao mundo dos tratamentos térmicos
Authors: Silva Jorge Alexandre
Published: April 2024

Este livro foi pensado para orientar profissionais da área da metalurgia e metalomecânica na temática dos tratamentos térmicos dos aços. É um manual escrito com uma linguagem simples e de fácil entendimento, sem a complexidade metalúrgica que o estudo aprofundado dos tratamentos térmicos exige. Objetiva-se como um manual de apoio que disponibiliza ao leitor uma informação basilar dos tratamentos térmicos dos aços e da sua envolvência, através do acesso simplificado e compilado de diversas publicações, numa perspetiva fundamentada praticamente em vários anos de atividade na área dos tratamentos térmicos. Os conteúdos diferem dos habituais manuais técnicos porque agregam os tratamentos convencionais, realizados em fornos de tratamento térmico, aos tratamentos térmicos de soldaduras, realizados com equipamentos específicos. A abordagem à qualidade e a sua ligação aos referenciais internacionais completa o ciclo de informação.
Research on Legal Issues of Land Value-added Tax under Equity Transfer
Authors: Liu Sichen
Published: April 2024

The behavior of transferring land use right in the form of equity transfer is to realize the substantive control of the target land use right in the form of equity transfer. Using this way to replace the ordinary land use right transfer can reduce the tax cost which occupies a large proportion in the whole transaction. This method conforms to the provisions of China's company law, and has the advantages of simple procedures, low taxes and fees, concealment and so on. It has become a common practice in the real estate industry. There is no clear provision in the national law on whether this behavior should be levied land value-added tax, the policy calibre of the tax department is different, and the judicial precedent has not formed a unified standard.
Implications of Community Participation for Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism
Authors: Qiu Yichen
Published: April 2024

In order to pursue sustainable development, the concept of community participation is becoming more and more important for rural tourism, and community residents will become the main body of tourism development. Taking Yim Tin Tsai in Sai Kung, Hong Kong as a case study, this paper explores the various subjects of community participation in Yim Tin Tsai, analyses in depth the mode of community participation in Yim Tin Tsai in the process of rural restoration and tourism development, and explores the positive and negative factors affecting the community participation in the development of rural tourism in an attempt to provide corresponding research materials and references for the sustainable development of tourism and community participation in other rural areas.
Redistribución de la planta Molino San Eladio S.A.C. para incrementar su productividad empresarial
Authors: Arana Villena Víctor Raúl , Vásquez Mondragón Segundo Nilson
Published: April 2024

One of the most important aspects for any company and that should be analyzed with greater care is the “Location”, since it directly affects the spatial organization of the distribution of production that includes raw materials and energy, labor and technology, capital and production, as well as the profitability of its operations with respect to its investment and the fulfillment of its business objectives, which is why in this research the objective was to develop the distribution of a plant for the Molino San Eladio S.A.C. and evaluate its effect on productivity. The study had a quantitative approach, an explanatory level and a pre-experimental design, concluding that the redistribution of the plant had a positive impact on the productivity of the company, increasing by 96% the utilization of the plant and by 30% the performance of its labor force.
Awareness of Patient Rights Among Hospitalized Patients in Buea Municipality: Insights from a Rural Area in a Developing Country
Authors: Egoh Roland
Published: April 2024

This study assesses the awareness of patient rights among rural inhabitants in less developed countries, focusing on their impact on healthcare service delivery. An evaluation conducted in the Buea Municipality, Cameroon involved 230 hospitalized patients, revealing that overall awareness of patient rights stands at 61.8%. This figure is considered substandard, highlighting the need for urgent and effective education on these rights. Particularly low awareness was noted in areas such as the right to refuse treatment, decision-making in treatment options, and receiving emergency medical care prior to payment. However, most patients demonstrated high knowledge of their rights to detailed billing information and to receive compassionate, respectful care from hospital staff. The study also found that male and younger adult patients exhibited marginally higher awareness than their counterparts. Urban residents showed greater awareness compared to rural inhabitants. These findings underscore the necessity of sensitizing patients in the Buea Municipality about their legal and moral rights to foster better therapeutic relationships with healthcare providers, enhance engagement in healthcare service provision, and improve overall patient satisfaction. The results provide compelling evidence for the Ministry of Public Health to consider establishing a Patient Right Committee in every healthcare institution nationwide.
A mérkőzéslátogatás és a klubhoz való kötődés közötti kapcsolat kvalitatív elemzése: egy futball klub példája
Authors: Bodon György , Neulinger Ágnes , Kajos Attila
Published: April 2024

A szurkolók csapathoz való kötődésének kialakítása, új szurkolók bevonzása egy fejlett sportgazdaságban elengedhetetlen. Magyarországon ez a téma évtizedes megoldatlan problémát jelent, miközben látványos beruházásokkal új stadionok épültek, melyek kihasználtsága a hazai labdarúgó bajnoki mérkőzések esetében jelentős mértékben fejleszthető lenne. Kutatásunk az OTP Bank Liga magyar elsőosztályú labdarúgó bajnokságban szereplő Mol Fehérvár FC tekintetében vizsgálja a mérkőzéslátogatás és a klubhoz való kötődés közötti kapcsolatot kvalitatív kutatás, mélyinterjúk segítségével. Eredményeink szerint a klub letért arról az útról, amit a szurkolók a tradíciója alapján elvárnak tőle, valamint hiányzik a törzsszurkolók tisztelete és megbecsülése. Mindez megmagyarázhatja az alacsony nézőszám problémáját. Jelen kutatás a vizsgált klub példáján keresztül rávilágít arra a helyzetre, hogy a labdarúgásban kialakult egy sajátos helyzet, amely háttérbe szorítja a szurkoló szükségességét, szükségszerűségét, sőt az eredmények felvetik azt is, hogy a kluboknak szükségük van-e egyáltalán szurkolókra.
Reziliens digitális marketing lehetőségek
Authors: Harsányi Miklós
Published: April 2024

A mesterséges intelligencia által előidézett technológiai változások a digitális marketingre is nagy hatással vannak, kutatásomban azt vizsgáltam, hogy ez miként befolyásolja a marketingesek munkáját a reziliencia szemszögéből. Hipotézisként feltételeztem, hogy a generatív mesterséges intelligencia széles körben elterjedt, és versenyhátrányban van az, aki nem használja. Egy kvalitatív mélyinterjús kutatás keretében kérdeztem szakmabelieket arról, hogy milyen jelenlegi alkalmazási területeken élnek ezekkel a rendszerekkel, mik a tapasztalatok. A kutatás során hat főbb területet érintettek a megkérdezettek, ahol már most sokat tud segíteni az MI. Ilyen a szegmentáció, a személyre szabhatóság, a marketingautomatizáció, az árképzési stratégiák, a chatbot és az eseményvezérelt marketing. Jelenleg a leghatékonyabb stratégia reziliencia szempontjából az, hogy egyszerre használják a mesterséges intelligencia eszközeit, és a marketingesek tudását.
Half a Pot is Better than No Pot at All: The Role of Accident in Archaeology
Authors: Millard Alan
Published: April 2024

The paper illustrates how archaeology has often advanced with discoveriesmade in serendipodus circumstances and how the remains themselves have regularly been the result of ancient accidents. The objects are commonly fragmentary and while they themselves may not be precious the information they and their context may provide can be invaluable. Some of these discoveries have been at odds with accepted wisdom and they caution those who may be inclined to be conclusive about what has not been discovered.
Reconstructing Ancient Kellis Part II
Authors: Bowen G.E. , Chandler T. , Hope C.A. , Martin D.
Published: April 2024

This is an investigation of an online interactive application that allows visitors to navigate their way through models of domestic architecture and see it as a citizen of Kellis would have seen it in historical times. The goal is to communicate a richer representation of domestic life at Kellis where excavated artefacts are given context through their inclusion within the reconstructed three- dimensional (3D) architecture. The digital recreation is reinforced by adding ‘soundscapes’ that subtly evoke the agrarian village environment of the period. The creation of an ‘immersive’ environment using computer game technology expands the possibilities for archaeological interpretation within a reconstructed space. While these digital technologies may benefit researchers in communicating archaeological sites in a cohesive visual form, their educational potential for high schools and the general public (museum exhibitions) is more immediately applicable. This publication is accompanied by an online website (see above link) where readers can explore and experience first-hand the virtual images and models that are discussed in the following pages.
New Light on the Siloam Tunnel Inscription
Authors: Mitchell T.C.
Published: April 2024

The literature relating to the discovery and recording of the Siloam Tunnel is reviewed and the most recent scientific dating analysis is described. A date of 700BC or before for the tunnel is now almost certain. A discussion of the technical terminology in the tunnel inscription leads to the conclusion that the workmen who excavated the tunnel probably used picks, or axe like implements, rather than chisels.
Reflectance Transformation Imaging and the Cuneiform in Australia and New Zealand Collections Project
Authors: Saunders David , Collmann Richard , Siddall Luis R.
Published: April 2024

The paper assesses the suitability of Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) for the Cuneiform in Australia and New Zealand Collections (CANZ) project. This project will produce a series of monographs, develop an interactive web-site for educational purposes and use various media to publicise the collection. While RTI is a well-established technique, its suitability for the CANZ project has not been assessed. The report discusses examples of images of cuneiform tablets captured using RTI fitters and processing tools.
Sailing to windward in Roman times: the Spritsail legacy
Authors: Davey Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

The iconography of Roman period merchant ships reveals them to have a different sail-plan to those of earlier times because they often have a small square sail rigged near the bow called a spritsail. The significance of the spritsail ceased to be appreciated in the early nineteenth century soon after it became obsolete. This paper discusses the role of the spritsail especially as it assisted Roman period ships to sail to windward.
Les régimes mémoriels postcommunistes et les monuments bucarestois
Authors:   Institutul de Istorie „Nicolae Iorga”, Academia Română, DOBRE Claudia-Florentina
Published: April 2024

„Crossroads images”, as Régine Robin called them, monuments are central to processes of appropriation or disavowal of the past, while preserving their status as symbols of identity for individuals, various groups, a city, and the nation. They are concrete images of the relation to the past of the community that builds and, sometimes, destroys them. They can also be vandalized when changes in society occur, especially during revolutions and coups d’état. After the fall of the communism, the fate of the monuments built during the old regime can be broken down into two contrasting categories: those illustrating communist ideological figures and symbols were dismantled; those representing national heroes, however, remained standing, becoming objects of new politics of memory. Furthermore, new personalities and symbols joined existing monuments as key individuals for post-communist national memory were commemorated: anticommunist fighters, members of the Romanian royal family, or interwar politicians. The accession to the European Union was also inscribed in Romania’s memorialization practices, as monuments dedicated to leading European figures have been erected.
Dezintegrarea URSS în istorigrafia rusă: impactul factorului politic
Authors:   Institutul de Istorie „Nicolae Iorga”, Academia Română, GHEORGHIU Simion
Published: April 2024

More than 30 years after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, there are still debates in the Russian Federation about whether the USSR collapsed (in Russian, raspalsea) or whether it was destroyed (in Russian, razvalili). Accepting one version or the other is trivially simple. So is rejecting them. To accept the destruction thesis is to fall for conspiracy theories, quite widespread in Russia: allegedly, organizations, such as the CIA, or individuals, such as M.S. Gorbachev or B.N. Yeltsin, deliberately imploded the Union. Relatedly, accepting that the USSR collapsed all by itself, for objective historical reasons, is seen as neglecting the role of personalities and their ability to react to the challenges of the times in which they lived. The article highlights the most widespread views in Russian historiography about on this debate. It also explores how political dynamics affected such historiographical discussions.
Time-varying effects of crude oil price fluctuations on tuna fish prices
Authors: Failler Pierre , Zheng Yuhang , Liu Yue , Akbari Negar , Josupeit Helga , Forse Andy , Drakeford Benjamin
Published: April 2024

This research presents an investigation of the time-varying effects of crude oil on the price of three tuna species, namely skipjack, albacore, and yellow fin. The investigation analyses the impact coefficient of oil price fluctuation on tuna species over time with specific phases related to time points when crude oil prices fall, including December 2008 (due to the impact of the Financial Crisis), February 2016 (due to the impact of the US shale oil and gas revolution), and April 2020 (due to the impact of the global COVID-19). The analysis shows that the price of yellow fin and skipjack shows sensitivity to these phased oil price shocks but stays consistent after recovery. This research finds that the relationship between oil price and tuna price depends on specific phases of oil price fluctuations and that global crude oil price shocks could have immediate and short-term impacts on fish markets, especially during a period of financial crisis.
Resource Review: Pasque, P. A., & alexander, e. (eds.). (2023). Advancing culturally responsive research and researchers: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. Routledge
Authors: Boswell Eileen
Published: April 2024

Advancing Culturally Responsive Research and Researchers: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods edited by Penny Pasque and e. alexander, released earlier this year from Routledge, is a bound version of some of the greatest hits by the people who bring us the Ohio State University (OSU)’s Advanced Methods Institute and the Unapologetic Educational Research series. Rarely does a book offer so much in the way of theory, justice, and application to ensure that readers will practice the concepts while reading and then take the ideas ‘home’ to their research communities. The book, which is of modest length at just over 200 pages, presents a concise introduction to the practice of culturally responsive research in approaches spanning post-qualitative inquiry to R programming.
Equity and Inclusion for Nurse Aide Students: Removing Barriers to Empower Academic Excellence
Authors: De La Fosse Kara
Published: April 2024

The global COVID-19 pandemic attributed to a mass exodus of nurse aides in the field leaving skilled nursing facilities crippled and desperately begging for qualified individuals to care for residents. This study examines the impact of a program designed to meet a shortage of nurse aids in Minnesota. The Next Generation Nursing Assistant (NGNA) initiative addressed barriers that had been preventing historically marginalized students from entering a nurse aide program. These barriers were related to program admission criteria, finances, and academic success. Utilizing strategies to address equity and empowerment, this program was successful in training a diverse group of students to enter the workforce to solve a real-world problem.
ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO CLIMATE CHANGE, CHALLENGES AND THE BENEFITS DERIVED AMONG THE RURAL FARMERS IN ONDO STATE, SOUTH-WEST-NIGERIA
Authors: Owagbemi G A
Published: April 2024

This study examined the strategies adopted by Akoko rural farmers against climate change, challenges and benefits derived. The research design for this study was cross-sectional. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to delineate the study area into strata from where four communities were systematically selected, followed by a random selection of 400 respondents. A structured questionnaire and in-depth interview guide were utilised to elicit both qualitative and quantitative data. Accordingly, twenty in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted. The data from the questionnaire were analysed statistically and presented in a descriptive manner, while the IDIs were analysed using content analysis. The findings revealed that farmers resorted to practices such as use of cover crops (96%), bush fallow (89.1%), prompt weeding of the farm (88.8%), changing in the timing of land preparation (86.3%), control of weed as a measure for managing the risk of damage by wild fire (77.9%). The challenges faced were: scarcity of land due to removal of plantation in climate change prone area (64.2%), and increase in number of weeding period (57.6%). The benefits derived were: reduction in incident of rotten seedlings (74.9%), increase in farm-yield (91.1%), reduction in the incident of fire outbreak on farmlands (68.2%). The study recommends that government should ensure that farmers have access to land to increase their ability and flexibility to change production strategies; and that there should be enough climate change related information from government towards guiding the farmers in their farming activities.
Diseño y evaluación de un entorno de aprendizaje adaptativo para la enseñanza de idiomas en educación primaria
Authors: Corella-Arrob Patricio a
Published: April 2024

El presente estudio aborda el diseño y la evaluación de un entorno de aprendizaje adaptativo para la enseñanza de idiomas en educación primaria. A través de una metodología de investigación exhaustiva, se examinó el impacto y la efectividad de este entorno adaptativo en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los resultados revelaron un aumento significativo en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes que utilizaron el entorno adaptativo en comparación con los grupos de control, demostrando la eficacia de la adaptación del contenido y la retroalimentación inmediata proporcionada por el sistema. Además, las encuestas de satisfacción indicaron una alta aceptación por parte de los estudiantes hacia el entorno adaptativo, destacando la personalización del contenido y la experiencia interactiva como aspectos particularmente valorados. Aunque los resultados fueron generalmente positivos, las sugerencias de mejora proporcionadas por los propios estudiantes, como la inclusión de actividades interactivas y juegos didácticos, señalan áreas de desarrollo futuro para enriquecer la experiencia de aprendizaje. Este estudio subraya la importancia de adoptar enfoques pedagógicos innovadores y tecnológicamente avanzados para mejorar la calidad y la efectividad de la enseñanza de idiomas en la educación primaria, ofreciendo oportunidades emocionantes para la investigación y la innovación en el campo de la tecnología educativa.
Sostenibilidad en la gastronomía Prácticas y desafíos
Authors: Cáceres-Charro Marco Paúl
Published: April 2024

La sostenibilidad en la gastronomía emerge como un tema crucial en la actualidad, reflejando una creciente conciencia sobre la necesidad de adoptar prácticas más responsables en la industria alimentaria. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, se evidencia un interés cada vez mayor por parte de los actores involucrados en implementar medidas sostenibles, que van desde la reducción de desperdicios alimentarios hasta la promoción de ingredientes locales y el desarrollo de turismo gastronómico sostenible. Sin embargo, se identifican desafíos significativos que aún persisten en este camino hacia la sostenibilidad, como la falta de incentivos económicos para los establecimientos gastronómicos y la escasez de educación y capacitación sobre sostenibilidad en el sector. A pesar del creciente interés, la resistencia al cambio sigue siendo un obstáculo importante en la adopción de prácticas más responsables. No obstante, se vislumbran oportunidades clave para promover cambios positivos, incluyendo la disponibilidad de ingredientes locales y orgánicos, la gestión adecuada de residuos alimentarios y el desarrollo de programas de formación. En conjunto, estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de abordar los desafíos y aprovechar las oportunidades en el camino hacia una gastronomía más sostenible, que promueva el bienestar humano, el respeto por el medio ambiente y la viabilidad a largo plazo del sector gastronómico.
Factors Affecting Intention to Use Blockchain Technology in Health Records in Saudi Arabia: A Case Study of the Eastern Province
Authors:   Department of Innovation & Technology Management, Arabian Gulf University P.o.box 26671, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain, Fatimah Almusajin  , Fairouz AlDhmour  ,   Department of Innovation & Technology Management, Arabian Gulf University P.o.box 26671, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain, Afaf Bugawa  ,   Department of Innovation & Technology Management, Arabian Gulf University P.o.box 26671, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
Published: April 2024

The study aims to measure the impact of the combined independent factors (technical skill level of users, technical infrastructure, ease of use, security privacy, perceived benefit, and perceived risks) on the trend to use blockchain technology through the study of the attitude towards the use of blockchain technology. This study relies on the quantitative descriptive approach using a questionnaire. The sample population consisted of workers in the health sector in the eastern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where the responsive sample amounted to n = 256. Results showed that there is a strong positive correlation at the significance level (α≤0.05) for the combined independent factors on the attitude towards the use of blockchain technology. The results of the model path quality efficiency test indicators also mostly showed ideal values. Thus, we conclude through these indicators that there is a positive impact of the combined independent factors (technical skill level of users, technical infrastructure, ease of use, security privacy, perceived benefit, perceived risks) on the orientation to use blockchain technology at the significance level (α≤0.05). The study recommends the need to continuously develop the technical infrastructure to keep pace with recent and rapid changes in information technology, such as health record systems, based on blockchain technology, which allows easy data sharing between healthcare service organizations and beneficiaries while maintaining the privacy and security of data in providing the best services.
Sí, las ‘apps’ de citas discriminan a los usuarios mayores
Authors: Rosales Andrea , Linares-Lanzman Juan
Published: April 2024

Se ha hablado mucho de cómo los sistemas de inteligencia artificial (IA) refuerzan los estereotipos y la discriminación, principalmente por los sesgos de género, raza u origen de los datos que usan y que se refuerzan con sistemas de aprendizaje automático. Un caso notorio fue motivo de debate en Amazon; el gigante tecnológico decidió dejar de usar su sistema de inteligencia artificial para la selección de personal pues descartaba a las mujeres, solo porque la mayoría de los informáticos hasta el momento habían sido hombres, lo cual ha influido en la forma en la que se usa la inteligencia artificial para la selección de personal en todo el mundo. Pero, ¿qué podemos decir del edadismo de la IA?
S100A8/9 modulates perturbation and glycolysis of macrophages in allergic asthma mice
Authors: Ji Xiaoyi , Nie Chunhua , Yao Yuan , Ma Yu , Huang Huafei , Hao Chuangli
Published: April 2024

Background

Allergic asthma is the most prevalent asthma phenotype and is associated with the disorders of immune cells and glycolysis. Macrophages are the most common type of immune cells in the lungs. Calprotectin (S100A8 and S100A9) are two pro-inflammatory molecules that target the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and are substantially increased in the serum of patients with severe asthma. This study aimed to determine the effects of S100A8/A9 on macrophage polarization and glycolysis associated with allergic asthma.

Methods

To better understand the roles of S100A8 and S100A9 in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, we used ovalbumin (OVA)-induced MH-S cells, and OVA-sensitized and challenged mouse models (wild-type male BALB/c mice). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and western blotting were performed. The glycolysis inhibitor 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) was used to observe changes in glycolysis in mice.

Results

We found knockdown of S100A8 or S100A9 in OVA-induced MH-S cells inhibited inflammatory cytokines, macrophage polarization biomarker expression, and pyroptosis cell proportion, but increased anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA; also, glycolysis was inhibited, as evidenced by decreased lactate and key enzyme expression; especially, knockdown of S100A8 or S100A9 inhibited the activity of TLR4/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)/Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Intervention with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) abolished the beneficial effects of S100A8 and S100A9 knockdown. The observation of OVA-sensitized and challenged mice showed that S100A8 or S100A9 knockdown promoted respiratory function, improved lung injury, and inhibited inflammation; knockdown of S100A8 or S100A9 also suppressed macrophage polarization, glycolysis levels, and activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in the lung. Conversely, S100A9 overexpression exacerbated lung injury and inflammation, promoting macrophage polarization and glycolysis, which were antagonized by the glycolysis inhibitor 3-BP.

Conclusion

S100A8 and S100A9 play critical roles in allergic asthma pathogenesis by promoting macrophage perturbation and glycolysis through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Inhibition of S100A8 and S100A9 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for allergic asthma.
Preliminary study on the protective effect of remazolam against sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Authors: Gao Xiaoxin , Zhang Rujun , Wang Zhenzhou , Chen Qingan , Lei Zhenlin , Yang Yanan , Tian Jia
Published: April 2024

Background

Sepsis can disrupt immune regulation and lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) frequently. Remazolam, a fast-acting hypnotic drug with superior qualities compared to other drugs, was investigated for its potential protective effects against sepsis-induced ARDS.

Methods

Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, including the sepsis + saline group, sham operation + saline group, sham operation + remazolam group and the sepsis + remazolam group. Lung tissues of rats were extracted for HE staining to assess lung damage, and the wet weight to dry weight (W/D) ratio was calculated. The levels of proinflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory factors, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood, MDA, MPO, and ATP in the lung tissue were measured by using ELISA. Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expression of HMGB1 in lung tissues.

Results

In comparison to the sham operation + saline and sham operation + remazolam groups, the sepsis + saline group exhibited significantly higher values for W/D ratio, lung damage score, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PCT, CRP, MDP and MPO, while exhibiting lower levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, PaO2, PCO2, and ATP. The rats in the sepsis + saline group displayed ruptured alveolar walls and evident interstitial lung edema. However, the rats in the sepsis + remazolam group showed improved alveolar structure. Furthermore, the HMGB1 protein expression in the sepsis + remazolam group was lower than the sepsis + saline group.

Conclusion

Remazolam can alleviate the inflammatory response in infected rats, thereby alleviating lung injury and improving immune function, which may be attributed to the reduction in HMGB1 protein expression.
Novel monoclonal antibodies against house dust mite allergen Der p 21 and their application to analyze allergen extracts
Authors: Rudokas Vytautas , Silimavicius Laimis , Kucinskaite-Kodze Indre , Sliziene Aiste , Pleckaityte Milda , Zvirbliene Aurelija
Published: April 2024

Background

Allergen extracts and recombinant allergens are used in allergy diagnostics and immunotherapy. Since allergen extracts from different manufacturers lack proper standardization regarding their composition, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against specific allergen components can be used for their identification and quantification in allergen extracts. This study aimed to generate MAbs against allergen Der p 21 of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus for the analysis of allergen extracts.

Methods

Recombinant Der p 21 was expressed in E. coli and purified using affinity chromatography. MAbs against Der p 21 were generated using hybridoma technology. House dust mite (HDM) allergen extracts were analyzed using the newly developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting and microarray immunoassay.

Results

MAbs raised against recombinant Der p 21 were characterized in detail and proven to be reactive with natural Der p 21. Highly specific sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of Der p 21 was developed and optimized. The allergen was detected and its concentration was determined in only three of six analyzed HDM allergen extracts from different manufacturers.

Conclusion

HDM analysis by MAb-based immunoassays shows their differences in allergen composition. The results demonstrate the importance of allergen-specific MAbs as a tool for the characterization of allergen extracts and the need for their appropriate standardization before their use for allergy diagnostics or immunotherapy.
Valparaíso y el ciclo urbano pos-Unesco 2003-2022: turistificación, patrimonio, y configuración de un espacio urbano elitizado
Authors: Cáceres César
Published: April 2024

Las principales ciudades patrimoniales latinoamericanas muestran operaciones de renovación turística inmobiliaria en áreas históricas que hoy son analizadas desde estudios sobre gentrificación y turistificación. Valparaíso (Chile) es un ejemplo en la materia, ya que tras la declaración de su área histórica como Sitio de Patrimonio Mundial Unesco se inició un proceso de renovación turístico-inmobiliaria en áreas patrimoniales dentro y fuera del polígono Unesco. Utilizando análisis espacial, se examinan en este marco la localización de comercio turístico y de vivienda bajo arriendo Airbnb, el precio de la vivienda, el despoblamiento y cambios sociodemográficos. Los resultados muestran un proceso de turistificación que dinamiza selectivamente el Sitio de Patrimonio Mundial, generando además una zona de expansión turística en cerros contiguos al sitio Unesco. Se observa un proceso que, inmueble a inmueble, renueva la parte baja de los cerros, configurando un espacio de ocio y residencia elitizado, que excluye al habitante local y presiona por desplazamiento al residente.
La precarización de la periferia. Movilidad y desigualdad residencial en Madrid (2013-2019)
Authors: Ariza José , Sorando Daniel , Barañano Margarita
Published: April 2024

La revalorización de los centros históricos de las grandes ciudades europeas está contribuyendo a un proceso de suburbanización de la pobreza. La literatura que lo evidencia estudia cómo cada vez hay más desplazamientos hacia los lugares más periféricos de las ciudades. Esta hipótesis se analiza para el caso de la ciudad de Madrid, en el periodo 2013-2019, desde una metodología novedosa. En ella se combinan las técnicas propias de la ecología factorial para el estudio de la ciudad fragmentada con el análisis multivariable de los flujos de población. Esto permite ir más allá del análisis centro-periferia para poder captar la complejidad de la ciudad. Se concluye que, al igual que en otras ciudades europeas, en Madrid se confirma la suburbanización de la pobreza, pero de una forma compleja, que lleva a describirla como precarización de la periferia.
Impacto econômico da adesão dos cirurgiões-dentistas brasileiros às novas orientações de biossegurança contra a covid-19
Authors: Moro Diana Bertoldo , Maior Laura de Fátima Souto , Dantas Fernanda Suely Barros , Pessôa Katarina Haluli Janô da Veiga , Andrade Luis Henrique Guedes de , Souza Jefferson Jorge Morais de , Leão Jair Carneiro , Carvalho Alessandra de Albuquerque Tavares
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: foi avaliar a adesão dos cirurgiões-dentistas (CDs) às novas normas de biossegurança para evitar a disseminação da COVID-19 e analisar o consequente impacto financeiro. Métodos: estudo transversal, conduzido com CDs no Brasil, utilizando questionário eletrônico, semiestruturado, autorreferido e validado. Resultados: verificou-se uma grande adesão aos equipamentos de proteção individual nos períodos críticos da pandemia. A maioria dos CDs relatou aumento na quantidade de lixo biológico (70%), não troca o avental a cada paciente atendido (41,5%), teve perda financeira (61%), que foi mais significativa para as mulheres. O aumento de custo com material de biossegurança foi associado à adesão às diretrizes do Ministério da Saúde (MS) (p<0,021). Preocupantemente, 98,5% dos CDs não seguem criteriosamente essas orientações (p<0,001). Conclusão: a COVID-19 exigiu a incorporação de medidas importantes de biossegurança, onerando o custo no consultório odontológico, o que refletiu diretamente na adesão do CDs às orientações do MS.
Genetic Variability and Heritability Study in Double Cross F2Linesof Cotton (G. hirsutum L.)
Authors: Meena A.K. , Patil S. S. , Verma L. K.
Published: April 2024

An effective breeding programme requires precise information regarding the degree of link between different genotypes. The difference in gene frequencies between populations is represented by genetic variability. Genetic diversity was thought to be a key factor in achieving heterotic responses in F1 and a wide range of variability in segregating generations. As a result, any breeding effort must have information on the estimates of variability in yield and its heritable components in the material with which the breeder is working. As a result, using genetic parameters like genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), heritability (h2), and genetic advance as a percent of mean (GAM). It becomes important to divide total variability into heritable and non-heritable components. Attempts were made to take use of the heterogeneity seen in segregating cotton generations through the current study. In Kharif 2016, at Botany Garden UAS, Dharwad, 80 Double Cross F2lines from staygreen (SG) and high relative growth rate (high RGR) heterotic groups of cotton were assessed in a Randomized Block Design with two replications. With the exception of inter-boll distance, which helps in the selection and identification of beneficial transgressive segregants, RBD analysis lines in the DCF2 generation revealed substantial variations for every character.
Effect of Tank Mix Post-emergence Herbicides on Soil Dehydrogenase Activity and Its Phytotoxicity on Wheat
Authors: Sahana G. , Purushotham Pooja , Jyothsna Koyi
Published: April 2024

Aims: The study was conducted to assess the efficacy of tank mix post emergence herbicides on soil dehydrogenase activity and its phytotoxic effect on wheat.
Study Design: The experiment consists of ten treatments and was laid out in randomised complete block design with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The present investigation was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, during rabi 2020-21.
Methodology: Weed control and phyto-toxicity ratings at 7, 14 and 21 days after herbicide application were recorded in each treatment on 0-10 scale on the basis of visual observations. Dehydrogenase activity in the soil samples was determined and expressed as μg TPF formed per g soil for 24 hrs.
Results: Post emergent application of metsulfuron-methyl + carfentrazone-ethyl (8.00) recorded good weed control being on par with post-emergence herbicide tank mixture of metsulfuron-methyl + sulfosulfuron (7.83) at 14 DAHA. At 7 DAHA, slight phytotoxic injury to crop was noticed IN T2 (0.5), T3 (0.5), T7 (0.5), T4 (1.00) and T1 (1.00). There was no phytotoxic injury to the crop with any of the post-emergence herbicides at 14 and at 21 DAHA. Soil dehydrogenase activity was found to be higher (41.02 µg TPF g-1 day-1) before herbicide application, whereas the activity was reduced upon herbicide application. Among the herbicide treatments, higher dehydrogenase activity of soil was found with the application of metsulfuron-methyl + pinoxaden (34.07 µg TPF g-1 day-1).
Conclusion: T4 was found to be better in controlling weeds and recorded higher weed control rating. The herbicides and their mixtures used in the present study did not cause any injury, hence it has no phytotoxic effect on wheat crop. However, soil dehydrogenase activity was higher before the application of herbicides, whereas herbicide application resulted in reduced dehydrogenase activity.
Studies on the Efficacy of Nutrients and Biostimulants on Flowering and Yield Attributes in Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Bidhan Rajini – 1
Authors: Archana J. , Girwani A. , Reddy D. Vishnu Vardhan , Goud C.H. Raja
Published: April 2024

The present investigation was carried to study the efficacy of nutrients and biostimulants on flowering and yield attributes in tuberose cv. Bidhan Rajini-1. The experiment consisted of four biostimulants viz., Humic acid, Fulvic acid, Potassium humate, Arka Microbial Consortium in combination with nutrients. Further regarding the flower yield contributing parameters, the application of 75% RDF along with Humic acid-12% (3ml/l) resulted in maximum number of spikes per clump (3.30), number of florets per spike (66.0), weight of individual florets (2.56gm) and 100 flowers weight (256.6gm), loose flower yield plot-1 (17.67kgs) and flower yield ha-1(44 t) followed by 100% RDF (200kg each of NPK).
Resource Use and Technical Efficiency of Soybean Production in Madhya Pradesh: A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach
Authors: Singh Shiva Pujan , Nema Satyam , Kumar Ajeet , Minnatullah . , Kumar Nishant
Published: April 2024

The resource use-efficiency of soybean production has been computed using primary data collected from 120 soybean growers spread over two blocks each from two selected district Vidisha and Ujjain of Madhya Pradesh. The Use of “DEA” as an analysis method was adopted for this work. The study revealed that the mean technical efficiency of soybean crop regarding most of the farmers were found to be 69 percent which indicated that production of crop may further be raised by 31 percent with available technology. The allocative efficiency of the mean estimated as 0.69, indicating that indicated that the farmers could be minimize cost by 31 percent through using optimum combination of inputs keeping in mind their prices while selecting their quantities. The cost efficiency asserted that farmers may be reduce their overall cost of soybean production up to 73 percent to harvesting the existing level of output at least cost. Undoubtedly, the export of soybean from the state has increased during the period of investigation. Therefore, efficiency measures highlight considerable scope to enhance resource uses by least cost processing through use of appropriate quality combination of inputs and output. The study has also suggested that some measures to increase productivity and income of the farmers in the study area.
Seed Health Testing of Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from Cross between Kalonunia and Pusa Basmati 1637
Authors: Saha Pallabi , Sundarrao Gadge Sushant , Roy Bidhan , Hembram Satyajit , Bhattacharya P. M. , Chowdhury A. K. , Sahana Nandita , Mandal Somnath
Published: April 2024

Detection of seed born pathogen is important as it disseminates to the next crop using seed as medium. Identification of the hidden pathogen with seed will offer the way to take precautionary measures for seed treatment. Study was carried out to evaluate the seed health, such as germination, pre-emergence death, post-emergence test, infection (%) and presence of different seed-born pathogen of 11 inbred lines developed from a cross between Kalonunia and Pusa Basmati 1637 along with these two parents. Four different genera of pathogens were identified, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Curvularia and Magnaporthe. Aspergillus was predominant and it was found in all the seed lots. As the duration of seed in storage increased the germination reduced. No notable increase or decrease in infection was noted with the duration of seed storage.
A Study of the Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Activities of the Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl. Pallidus
Authors: Quartey Anna Kwarley , Korsah Samuel , Apenteng John Antwi , Nortey Nathaniel Nene Djangmah , Tagoe Miriam , Mintah David Ntinagyei , Barfour Akua Frema , Owusu Frederick William Akuffo , Kontoh Derrick Boateng
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The aim of this current research is to ascertain the antimicrobial and wound healing properties of the leaves of Anchomanes difformis (Araceae).
Methods: Powdered leaves were extracted by cold maceration with 96.4% ethanol.  Phytochemical analysis was carried on both powdered leaves and the extract to determine the presence of some secondary plant metabolites. Agar well diffusion method was used to determine the zone of inhibition on some microorganisms that infect wounds and the MIC of the extract was determined. Excision wound model was used for the wound healing analysis in Wister albino rats.
Results: Tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols were detected in both the powdered leaves and the extract. Glycoside was detected in the powdered leaves however, not detected in the extract. The A. difformis extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity with MICs of >20mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 1.25mg/mL, 0.2679mg/mL for Klebsiella pneumonia, Staph. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa respectively.  Percentage wound healing contractions of 83.51%, 90.79%, 94.66% and 98.65% were recorded for 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15% concentrations of A. difformis extracts respectively.
Conclusion: From the result above, A. difformis has shown to have antimicrobial and wound healing properties. The study provides justification for the plant’s traditional usage to treat infections and wounds.
A Scoping Review on Youth Participation in Agriculture: Sustainable Development, Food Security, and Economic Growth
Authors: Kote Praveen , M Yallappa , Jabeen Afshan , T. N. Srinatha, , Prabhavathi S Jaya , Ramasamy M. , Dhanalakshmi K. , Chitra K. , Malathi G.
Published: April 2024

Youth participation in agriculture is a critical aspect of sustainable development, food security, and economic growth in many regions worldwide. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of existing literature on youth engagement in agricultural activities. The review explores various dimensions of youth involvement in agriculture, including motivations, challenges, opportunities, and impacts. The methodology involves a systematic search of electronic databases, including scholarly articles, reports, and grey literature, to identify relevant studies published within a specified timeframe. The inclusion criteria encompass literature that examines the participation of youth (aged 15-35) in agricultural practices, policies, programs, and initiatives across different geographic regions and socio-economic contexts. Initial findings suggest a growing interest in understanding and promoting youth engagement in agriculture, driven by concerns about rural development, unemployment, and food insecurity. Motivations for youth involvement vary widely and may include economic incentives, cultural traditions, social factors, and environmental consciousness. However, numerous challenges hinder youth participation, such as limited access to land, financial resources, education, and technology, as well as negative perceptions of agriculture as a career. Moreover, the review identifies a range of opportunities for enhancing youth involvement in agriculture, including entrepreneurship programs, vocational training, access to markets, digital platforms, and policy interventions that support youth-friendly agricultural policies and strategies. Furthermore, the review highlights the diverse impacts of youth engagement in agriculture, including contributions to food production, innovation, rural development, poverty alleviation, and sustainable livelihoods. Overall, this scoping review provides valuable insights into the complexities surrounding youth participation in agriculture and underscores the need for multifaceted approaches to address barriers, leverage opportunities, and harness the potential of young people in shaping the future of agriculture and rural communities. Future research directions and implications for policy and practice are also discussed.
Autobiographical and event memories for surprising and unsurprising events
Authors: Coluccia Emanuele , Bianco Carmela , Brandimonte Maria A.
Published: February 2009

Although research converges on the idea that surprise is not essential to form a ‘flashbulb memory’ (FBM), no study has explicitly shown that a FBM that develops from an unexpected event has the same structure as a FBM that develops from an expected event. In the present research, we explored whether there is any substantial difference on veridicality, consistency and confidence in both autobiographical and event memories for surprising and expected events. Two groups of participants were tested for their memories of a surprising (Study I) or an expected (Study II) event at different delays of indexing from the original news. All participants were then re‐tested after 6 months and again after 1 year from the first interview. The same patterns of results were found for both events. Consistent with the ‘narrative and rehearsal’ hypothesis, our results provide direct evidence that surprise does not affect the structure of a FBM. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.