bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between digital transformation and digital literacy - an explanatory model: Systematic literature review
Authors: Arnaud José , São Mamede Henrique , Branco Frederico
Published: April 2024

Digital transformation has been one of the main trends in organizations in recent years, and digital literacy is a critical factor in the success of this transformation. Digital transformation involves the use of digital technologies to improve an organization’s processes, products, and services. For this transformation to be successful, it is necessary for employees to have knowledge of and skills in digital technologies. Digital literacy allows employees to understand technologies and their applications, know how to use them efficiently and safely, evaluate and select the most appropriate digital tools for each task, and be prepared to deal with problems and challenges that arise in the digital environment. Thus, this study is relevant because it seeks to understand how digital literacy can impact Digital Transformation in organizations and, through the construction of an explanatory model, allows the identification of variables that influence this relationship by developing strategies to improve the digital literacy of employees in organizations.
La gobernanza global como mecanismo de prevención de la responsabilidad internacional del Perú por incumplimiento de convenios para evitar la doble imposición
Authors: Salazar Urbina Daniel Stefano
Published: April 2024

Este capítulo tuvo como objetivo determinar de qué manera la gobernanza global se instituye un mecanismo que puede coadyuvar a la prevención de supuestos que puedan imputar responsabilidad internacional al Perú por incumplimiento de los convenios para evitar la doble imposición (CDI). La metodología comprendió un desarrollo de las variables de trabajo (gobernanza global, responsabilidad de los Estados por hecho internacionalmente ilícito y CDI y su vigencia en el Perú) en calidad de marco teórico, un enfoque mixto, diseño no experimental, nivel exploratorio, treinta profesionales en temas de derecho internacional público, derecho tributario internacional y relaciones internacionales en calidad de muestra, y el cuestionario como mecanismo de recolección de datos. La síntesis de los resultados permitió concluir que la gobernanza global se instituye significativamente un mecanismo que puede coadyuvar a la prevención de supuestos que puedan imputar responsabilidad internacional al Perú por incumplimiento de los CDI, tanto en sentido estricto como en lo concerniente al régimen especial para prevenir la doble imposición con los países de la Comunidad Andina (CAN)
Gaining a Seat at the Table: Enhancing the Attractiveness of Online Lending for Institutional Investors
Authors: Gopal Ram D. , Qiao Xiao , Strub Moris S. , Yang Zonghao
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the suitability of online loans as an investment through the lens of a portfolio optimization framework. We propose general characteristics-based portfolio policy (GCPP), a framework which overcomes unique challenges associated with building a portfolio of online loans. GCPP directly models the portfolio weight of a loan as a flexible function of its characteristics and does not require direct estimation of the distributional properties of loans. Using an extensive data set spanning over one million loans from 2013 to 2020 from LendingClub, we show that GCPP portfolios can achieve an average annualized internal rate of return (IRR) of 8.86% to 13.08%, significantly outperforming an equal-weight portfolio of loans. To assess the attractiveness of online loans, we then compare the performance of the GCPP portfolio to traditional investment vehicles including stocks, bonds, and real estate. The results demonstrate that a portfolio of online loans earns competitive or higher rates of return compared to traditional asset classes with limited comovement. These results indicate that online loans are an attractive novel asset class for investors. Together, we demonstrate that GCPP is an approach that can help platforms better serve both borrowers and lenders en route to growing their business.
Salient Cues and Complexity
Authors: Dertwinkel-Kalt Markus , Köster Mats
Published: April 2024

Important decisions are often complex, and existing evidence suggests that complexity can affect economic behavior. It is an open question, however, exactly when and how complexity matters. We hypothesize that salient cues—standing out in the choice context—mitigate the effect of complexity on choices. We theoretically develop and experimentally test this hypothesis in the context of portfolio selection. We find that, in both simple and complex problems, subjects seek highly right-skewed portfolios, which have an extreme and salient upside, and avoid highly left-skewed portfolios with an extreme and salient downside. Complexity does affect, however, choices among symmetric portfolios, which have neither a salient upside nor downside. Absent a salient cue, subjects diversify naively. Evidence on response times and memory supports our salience-based explanation.

This paper was accepted by Ilia Tsetlin, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: Financial support by the German Research Foundation ([Grant 404416232] for M. Dertwinkel-Kalt and [Grant 235577387/GRK1974] for M. Köster) is gratefully acknowledged.

Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00652 .
Comparative analysis of the heritability, estimated breeding value, and accuracy of carcass traits in Hanwoo from the Yeongnam Region, considering breeding area and climate effects, utilizing genomic information
Authors: Kim Ji Yeong , Kim Eun Ho , Kang Ho Chan , Myung Cheol Hyun , Lim Hyun Tae
Published: April 2024

Climate change is causing abnormal weather patterns worldwide. In Korea, local governments are characterized by various climatic conditions. Therefore, research integrating climate factors with Hanwoo is necessary. In this study, 562 Hanwoo were analyzed using Pedigree Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (PBLUP) and Genomic BLUP (GBLUP) models while considering climate factors such as temperature and humidity in the Yeongnam region. Carcass Weight (CWT) varied significantly in PBLUP depending on the model, while the heritability of Eye Muscle Area (EMA) and Back-Fat Thickness (BFT) decreased. However, the Marbling Score (MS) maintained high heritability across all models. GBLUP showed a slight decrease in the analysis model that considers breeding areas and climatic factors, yet still led to a high estimate of heritability for all traits. However, MS consistently had a heritability of 0.50 across all models. In PBLUP, the accuracy of the Estimated Breeding Value (EBV) increased by 0.15 for CWT (0.62-0.77) compared to Model 1. However, a decrease of 0.01–0.06 was observed for EMA (0.62–0.68) and BFT (0.53–0.58), while an increase of 0.01 was noted for MS (0.72–0.73). The accuracy of EBV using GBLUP was as follows: CWT (0.75-0.77), EMA (0.72-0.80), BFT (0.71-0.81), and MS (0.75). The accuracy of BFT significantly increased compared to PBLUP. For MS, it did not appear to be influenced by breeding area and climatic conditions. These results suggest the need for ongoing research on the relationship between Hanwoo carcass traits and climate effects, requiring additional test groups from various breeding areas.
Diachronic considerations on the personal marker y- in the Semitic prefix conjugation
Authors: Serpone Alessandra
Published: April 2024

Throughout the Semitic area, the morpheme y- denotes the third-person (m.sg.) marker of the prefix conjugation. Differently from the first and the second-person markers, the morpheme y- does not bear any formal similarity with the independent personal pronouns (e.g. š, h). This makes its historical background rather unclear. In some languages, certain themes formally resembling the personal marker y- are attested outside the verbal system; among them, a group of nominal forms starting with y- may represent a conservative environment where old uses have survived. The present contribution will propose a diachronic way of accounting for the abovementioned scenario. In particular, it will be assumed the theme /y-/ as going back to an ancient ‘determinative-relative’ pronoun, and as further specialising in the third-person (m.) marker within the grammaticalisation process underlying the formation of the Semitic verb. Keywords: Historical Semitics, diachronic processes, verbal morphology, inflectional markers, deictic elements
Re-evaluating the language of the Amiritic inscriptions
Authors: Koutchoukali Imar Y.
Published: April 2024

Abstract The particularities of Amiritic, a linguistic variety attested on the northern edges of South Arabia between the 2nd century BC and the 2nd century AD has caused much debate regarding its genetic classification. This paper seeks to re-address the classification of Amiritic by analyzing its divergent linguistic features within the framework of contact linguistics and in light of crosslinguistic evidence. This paper argues that the typically ‘South Arabian’ features found in Amiritic can be seen as shared retentions or areal phenomena. In light of the shared isoglosses between Old Arabic and Amiritic, the two should be seen as closely genetically affiliated. Furthermore, this paper offers an alternative explanation of the irregular attestation of mimation found in the inscriptions. Keywords: Amiritic, Sabaic, South Arabia, epigraphy, contact linguistics.
Polydore Vergil as Arthurian Witness: On King Arthur and Count Hoyer the Red in the Mansfeldische chronica (1572) of Cyriakus Spangenberg
Authors: McDonald William C.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Cyriakus Spangenberg (d. 1604), a prominent Protestant theologian, seeks to trace and celebrate the history of the comital House of Mansfeld in his dynastic chronicle, Mansfeldische chronica (Eisleben, 1572). There, he includes a brief biographical entry on King Arthur that links the Round Table to Hoyer the Red, imagined progenitor of the Counts of Mansfeld and Arthurian paladin (fl. ca. 550 AD). Spangenberg’s intertwined material on King Arthur and Count Hoyer, we have found, draws on the works of Geoffrey of Monmouth, Johannes Agricola, Wirnt von Grafenberg, and Polydore Vergil. Polydore is a surprising choice as an Arthurian arbiter and sympathetic voice, given his reputation for skepticism about Galfridian lore and the place of King Arthur in British history. Spangenberg’s willingness to promote Polydore’s witness reveals that, in this important early modern case of reception, contemporary and modern critical assessments fail to align.
Camp Blanding as German Latin American Enemy Alien Internment Camp in 1942: Microcosm of Larger Diplomatic and Moral Conundrums
Authors: Billinger Robert D.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Camp Blanding's Enemy Alien internment camp was only in existence between February and June of 1942. However, it presented its "German" Latin American civilian captives from Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Panama and their U.S. military captors with the larger diplomatic and moral problems that would confront the entire Enemy Alien internment program. Particularly troubling were the presence of "enemy aliens" who were deemed "enemies" of their Latin American homes and of the Colossus of the North, but who were really enemies of Hitler's Germany. Among the 200 internees at Camp Blanding were eighteen Jewish Germans, a Jewish Austrian, and a German priest. Deprived of their families and properties in the Latin American countries to which they fled from Europe, they faced the dangers of forced "repatriation" to a Nazi-ruled Germany in which Jews, self-described "Austrians," and outspoken Christians were declared "enemies of the Fatherland."
¡Viva Cristo Rey!: Militant Catholic Devotion and the Creation of the National Votive Sanctuary of Christ the King in Revolutionary Guanajuato, 1914–1928
Authors: Catton John
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This article examines the role of the Catholic ideology of Cristo Rey during the Cristero Conflict, which lasted from 1926 to 1929. This conflict was an armed rebellion led by militant Catholics who opposed the Mexican government's enforcement of anti-clerical provisions in the Mexican Constitution of 1917. This article argues that the creation of the Cristo Rey devotion in Guanajuato, Mexico as well as the statue dedicated to that devotion in 1923 demonstrate the early role the Mexican clergy played in escalating tensions between the Church and the Mexican State in the years before the armed phase of the Cristero rebellion. Additionally, this examination provides an important insight into the unification of lay Catholic organizations surrounding the expulsion of the Papal Nuncio, Eugenio Filippi in 1923. This article further demonstrates that the militant Catholic interpretation of Cristo Rey was impactful outside of Mexico, especially through the official Papal adoption of Christ the King as Catholic doctrine in 1925.
Multi-purpose Image Sensors with Nonlinear Optical Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Sohoni Mandar M. , Wright Logan G. , Stein Martin M. , Ma Shi-Yuan , Onodera Tatsuhiro , Anderson Maxwell G. , McMahon Peter L.
Published: April 2024

We use a multilayer, nonlinear optical neural network (ONN) as a pre-processor for machine vision. On tasks including identification of real objects illuminated by broadband incoherent light, we show that nonlinear optical pre-processing outperforms linear pre-processing.
Generalized modulation for distance-aware optical camera communication beyond oversampled and undersampled schemes
Authors: Dong Ke , Kong Miaomiao , Su Weiqiang , Ma Siying , Wang Mingjun
Published: April 2024

Oversampled modulation (OM) and undersampled modulation (UM) are two commonly used optical camera communication (OCC) modulation schemes for high-speed communication in short-range and reliable communication at long distances, respectively. However, the relationship between these two schemes and the tradeoff in performance for arbitrary communication distances have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we analyze the impact of distance and modulation parameters on pixel efficiency and packet delivery rate performance, demonstrating the underlying unity of traditional OM and UM schemes. Furthermore, we propose a generalized modulation scheme that allows for achieving predefined link performance at a given distance by adjusting the modulation parameters, such as packet length and repetition counts. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed generalized modulation scheme provides OCC with a unique distance-aware capability other than the traditional OM and UM schemes, which are two special cases focusing on effectiveness and reliability, respectively. This research enhances our understanding of OCC data modulation and establishes a theoretical foundation for achieving efficient and reliable OCC transmission in complex environments.
Compressive sensing-based multi-focus line-scanning two-photon microscopy for fast 3D imaging
Authors: Liu Gan , Chen Bingxu , Tian Zezhi , Zhong Qiuyuan , Chen Shih-Chi
Published: April 2024

Fast 3D volume imaging methods have been playing increasingly important roles in biological studies. In this article, we present the design and characterization of a multi-focus line-scanning two-photon microscope. Specifically, a digital micromirror device (DMD) is employed to generate a randomly distributed focus array on a plane (i.e., x-z) via binary holography. Next, a galvanometric mirror scans the focus array in a direction normal to the plane (i.e., y-axis) over the imaging volume. For sparse samples, e.g., neural networks in a brain, 1-3 foci are used together with compressive sensing algorithm to achieve a volume imaging rate of 15.5 volumes/sec over 77 × 120 × 40 µm3. High-resolution optical cross-sectional images on selected planes and regions can be generated by sequentially scanning the laser focus generated on the x-z plane with good imaging speeds (e.g., 107 frames/sec over 80 × 120 × 40 µm3). In the experiments, microbeads, pollens, and mouse brain slices have been imaged to characterize the point spread function and volume image rate and quality at different sampling ratios. The results show that the multi-focus line-scanning microscope presents a fast and versatile 3D imaging platform for deep tissue imaging and dynamic live animal studies.
Clean energy transition and climate vulnerabilities: A comparative analysis of European and non-European developed countries
Authors: Caijuan Gong , Javeed Akhtar Muhammad , Rehman Hafeez ur , Khan Khatib Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Currently, the world faces an existential threat of climate change, and every government across the globe is trying to come up with strategies to tackle the severity of climate change in every way possible. To this end, the use of clean energy rather than fossil fuel energy sources is critical, as it can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pave the way for carbon neutrality. This study examines the impact of the energy cleanability gap on four different climate vulnerabilities, such as ecosystem, food, health, and housing vulnerabilities, considering 47 European and non-European high-income countries. The study considers samples from 2002 to 2019. This study precedes the empirical analysis in the context of a quadratic relationship between the energy cleanability gap and climate vulnerability. The study uses system-generalized methods of the moment as the main technique, while panel quantile regression is a robustness analysis. Fixed effect and random effect models have also been incorporated. The study finds that the energy cleanability gap and all four climate vulnerabilities demonstrate a U-shaped relationship in both European and non-European countries, implying that when the energy cleanability gap increases, climate vulnerability decreases, but after reaching a certain threshold, it starts to increase. Development expenditure is found to be negatively affecting food and health vulnerabilities in European nations, while it increases food vulnerability and decreases health vulnerability in non-European nations. Regarding industrialization’s impact on climate vulnerabilities, the study finds opposite effects for the European and non-European economies. On the other hand, for both groups, trade openness decreases climate vulnerabilities. Based on these results, the study recommends speeding up the energy transition process from fossil fuel energy resources towards clean energy resources to obtain carbon neutrality in both European and non-European groups.
Impact of digital inclusive finance on agricultural total factor productivity in Zhejiang Province from the perspective of integrated development of rural industries
Authors: Jin Shasha , Zhong Zhangqi
Published: April 2024

Improving agricultural total factor productivity is crucial for comprehensive rural revitalization and building a strong agricultural nation. Digital inclusive finance amalgamates the benefits of digital technology and inclusive finance, mitigating financial exclusion in agricultural production. It fosters rural revitalization and the modernization of agriculture by bolstering farmers’ innovation, entrepreneurship, and agricultural technology advancements. Consequently, it significantly enhances overall agricultural total factor productivity. This study uses panel data from 2011 to 2020 to empirically investigate the impact and mechanism of digital inclusive finance on agricultural total factor productivity in Zhejiang Province, China. The research results show that digital inclusive finance significantly enhances agricultural total factor productivity in Zhejiang Province, which holds true even after a series of robustness tests. Analysis of the mechanism reveals that the integrated development of rural industries plays a crucial mediating role in empowering agricultural total factor productivity through digital inclusive finance. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive effect of digital inclusive finance on agricultural total factor productivity is more pronounced in the northeastern region of Zhejiang Province and in areas ranked in the second tier of agricultural development. Therefore, we recommend comprehensively enhancing the development of digital inclusive finance in rural areas, fostering a financial ecosystem that integrates rural industries, promoting the coordinated development of digital inclusive finance in different regions, and comprehensively improving agricultural total factor productivity.
Perceptions, behaviours and barriers towards exercise practices in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Sinclair Jonathan , Brooks-Warburton Johanne , Bottoms Lindsay
Published: April 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic disease affecting the digestive tract, has a significant impact on health-related quality of life. Pharmaceutical treatment is typically adopted, yet exercise is increasingly becoming recognized as an adjunct therapy. This study aimed to explore the perspectives, behaviours, and barriers of IBD patients in terms of their exercise habits. A 16-item closed-ended questionnaire was completed by 463 adult IBD patients (Ulcerative colitis = 57.02%, Crohn’s dis-ease = 40.60% and Other = 2.38%) (Female = 76.67%, Male = 22.46 and Non-binary = 0.86%). The questionnaire was divided into three sections: baseline/demographic characteristics, disease characteristics, and exercise perceptions, beliefs, and behaviours. Significantly (P<0.001) more participants (63.07%) reported that they engage regularly with exercise compared to those who do not; however, engagement was significantly lower in female patients (59.72%) compared to males (74.04%). Respondents also rated significantly (P<0.001) that a combination of factors prevents engagement in exercise (74.30%). Moderate intensity exercise was the predominant (P<0.001) aerobic modality (39.04%), the majority (P<0.001) response was that patients undertake no resistance training (27.74%), and significantly more (P<0.001) patients indicated that they don’t know whether resistance training can influence IBD either positively (57.53%) or negatively (62.33%). Whilst it is encouraging that IBD patients are engaging regularly with exercise, the reduced levels of engagement in females and lack of knowledge/ engagement with resistance training, indicate that future implementation and educational developments are necessary to enhance exercise in females and resistance training engagement in all IBD patients.
Lethal metabolism of Candida albicans respiratory mutants
Authors: Kane D. Lucas , Burke Brendan , Diaz Monica , Wolf Christian , Fonzi William A.
Published: April 2024

The destructive impact of fungi in agriculture and animal and human health, coincident with increases in antifungal resistance, underscores the need for new and alternative drug targets to counteract these trends. Cellular metabolism relies on many intermediates with intrinsic toxicity and promiscuous enzymatic activity generates others. Fuller knowledge of these toxic entities and their generation may offer opportunities of antifungal development. From this perspective our observation of media-conditional lethal metabolism in respiratory mutants of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans was of interest. C. albicans mutants defective in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I of the electron transport chain) exhibit normal growth in synthetic complete medium. In YPD medium, however, the mutants grow normally until early stationary phase whereupon a dramatic loss of viability occurs. Upwards of 90% of cells die over the subsequent four to six hours with a loss of membrane integrity. The extent of cell death was proportional to the amount of BactoPeptone, and to a lesser extent, the amount of yeast extract. YPD medium conditioned by growth of the mutant was toxic to wild-type cells indicating mutant metabolism established a toxic milieu in the media. Conditioned media contained a volatile component that contributed to toxicity, but only in the presence of a component of BactoPeptone. Fractionation experiments revealed purine nucleosides or bases as the synergistic component. GC-mass spectrometry analysis revealed acetal (1,1-diethoxyethane) as the active volatile. This previously unreported and lethal synergistic interaction of acetal and purines suggests a hitherto unrecognized toxic metabolism potentially exploitable in the search for antifungal targets.
Spatial variations and determinants of timely completion of vaccination in Ethiopia using further analysis of EDHS 2019 data: Spatial and multilevel analysis
Authors: Agimas Muluken Chanie , Belew Aysheshim Kassahun , Sisay Mekonnen , Daniel Baffa Lemlem , Gashaw Moges , Yiheyis Abriham Zufan , Ali Muhammad Esmael , Anteneh Yigzaw Zeamanuel , Mengistu Berhanu
Published: April 2024

Background

Timely vaccination is the practice of administering the vaccine within the first birthday of the child. Not vaccinating the child at the appropriate age is the cause of improper protection of diseases and can be a possible factor in death. The problem of not completing the vaccine in the scheduled period is a globally distributed problem, but especially in sub-Saharan African countries, it is a bottleneck to child health. Even if timely vaccination is crucial for reducing the impact of VPDs, there are no current national-level studies to generate conclusive and tangible evidence in Ethiopia.

Objective

To assess spatial variations and determinants of timely completion of vaccination in Ethiopia using further analysis of EDHS 2019 data.

Method

The secondary data analysis of a community-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 3094 participants. Stata-14 software was used for data cleaning, recording, and analysis. Arc GIS version 10.3 and Kuldorff SAT scan version 9.6 software are used for spatial and SAT scan statistics. A multilevel mixed-effect binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of timely vaccination. The clustering effect was also evaluated by Moran’s I statistics and intra class correlation.

Results

The timely completion of vaccination among Ethiopian women who had a child aged 12–35 months was 19.5% (95%CI: 18.2–20.8), and the spatial distribution of timely completion of vaccinations in Ethiopia was non-randomly distributed. A statistically significant high proportion of timely completion areas were clustered in the eastern part of Amhara, the south part of Afar, Addis Ababa, and Oromia. The primary cluster was located at a 13.11 km radius in Diredawa, which was 3.68 times higher than outside the window (RR = 3.68, LLR = 68.76, p-value < 0.001). History of antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.3–2.04), giving birth at health facilities (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.25–2.13), age ≥ 35 years (AOR = 186, 95% CI: 1.35–2.63), age 25–34 years (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.33–2.21), and being richest (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.86–3.94) were the factors contributing to the timely completion of vaccination.

Conclusion

The prevalence of timely completion of vaccination was low in Ethiopia, and the spatial distribution of timely completion of vaccination in Ethiopia was non-randomly distributed across the regions. The factors associated with the timely completion of vaccinations were ANC follow-up, place of delivery, age of the participant, and wealth index. We recommend expanding facility delivery, antenatal care services, and empowering women to scale up timely vaccination in Ethiopia.
Exploring knowledge, attitudes and practice toward medication therapy management services among pharmacists in Yemen
Authors: Hatem Najmaddin A. H. , Ibrahim Mohamed Izham Mohamed , Yousuf Seena A.
Published: April 2024

Medication therapy management (MTM) refers to the activities provided by pharmacists that patients recognize as evidence of care being provided. It encompasses the services that patients value and consider valuable. Many developing nations like Yemen have had poor implementation of MTM services. Thus, this research assessed the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of Yemen pharmacists regarding MTM. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire among pharmacists in Sana’a, Yemen. They were recruited through convenience sampling. The alpha level of 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. Four hundred and sixty-one (461) pharmacists completed the questionnaire. About 70% were working in community pharmacies and 57.3% had (1–5) years of experience in pharmacy practice. The younger pharmacists had a higher level of knowledge than pharmacists with older age with median and IQR of 1.2(1.2–1.4) and 1.2(1–1.4) respectively (p < 0.001). Yemen pharmacists have positive attitudes toward MTM indicating a moderated level of attitudes with a median and IQR of 3.8(3.5–4). Hospital pharmacists expressed more positive attitudes toward MTM (P < 0.001) than pharmacists from other areas of practice. Only 11% of sampled pharmacists frequently offered MTM services. The top MTM service reported by Yemen pharmacists was "Performing or obtaining necessary assessments of the patient’s health status". However, "Formulating a medication treatment plan" received the least provided MTM service among Yemen pharmacists. Even though MTM services are not commonly utilized in pharmacy practice, Yemeni pharmacists have positive attitudes concerning MTM. Efforts are needed to enhance their MTM knowledge and the value of providing MTM services as well as to develop a culture of continuing pharmacy education about MTM among pharmacists.
Predictors of medical staff’s knowledge, attitudes and behavior of dysphagia assessment: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Juanhui , Ye Wenqiu , Zheng Xingyun , Wu Wenna , Chen Yuebao , Chen Yinjuan
Published: April 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to explore the predictors of medical staff’s Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of dysphagia assessment, to provide reference suggestions for constructing the training program and improving the rate of dysphagia assessment.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 353 nurses and doctors from four provinces (Guangdong, Hunan, Guangxi, and Shaanxi) who were selected by convenience sampling and invited to complete the questionnaire through WeChat, DingTalk, and Tencent instant messenger from May 23 to 31, 2022. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess participants’ Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior regarding dysphagia assessment. Participants’ sociodemographic, training, and nursing experience were measured using the general information sheet and analyzed as potential predictors of medical staff’s Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of dysphagia assessment. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify the predictors.

Results

The mean scores for Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of dysphagia assessments were (15.3±2.7), (35.9±4.9) and (41.4±14.4) respectively. Knowledge and Behavior of medical staff were medium, and attitude was positive. Multiple linear regression results indicated that experience in nursing patients with dysphagia, related training for dysphagia, working years in the field of dysphagia related diseases, specialized training (geriatric, swallowing and rehabilitation) and department (Neurology, Rehabilitation, Geriatrics) were significant predictors of Behavior, accounting for 31.5% of the variance. Working years in the field of dysphagia related diseases, department (Neurology, Rehabilitation, Geriatrics) and title were significant predictors of medical staff’s knowledge, accounting for 7.8% of variance. Education, experience in nursing patients with dysphagia, department (Neurology, Rehabilitation, Geriatrics) and related training for dysphagia were significant predictors of medical staff’s attitude, accounting for 12.9% of variance.

Conclusions

The study findings implied that nursing experience, training, and work for patients with swallowing disorders could have positive effects on the Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior of medical staff regarding dysphagia assessment. Hospital administrators should provide relevant resources, such as videos of dysphagia assessment, training centers for the assessment of dysphagia, and swallowing specialist nurses.
Chinese TV in the Netflix Era, Xiaying Xu and Hui Liu (eds) (2023)
Authors: Sexton Max
Published: April 2024

Review of: Chinese TV in the Netflix Era, Xiaying Xu and Hui Liu (eds) (2023)

London: Anthem Press, 100 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-83998-705-2, h/bk, GBP 80.00
Construção de mapas de suscetibilidade a deslizamentos com uso de dados de acesso livre: região metropolitana do Recife (PE)
Authors: Pfaltzgraff Pedro Augusto dos Santos , Torres Fernanda Soares de Miranda
Published: April 2024

A intensificação da ocorrência de eventos naturais, aliada ao aumento da ocupação inadequada de áreas suscetíveis a deslizamentos, inundações e outros fenômenos inerentes ao meio físico, tem causado a perda de vidas humanas e prejuízos econômicos. Com o objetivo de mitigar as consequências, apresenta-se uma proposta para a criação de um mapa de suscetibilidade a deslizamentos tecnicamente confiável e de baixo custo. A metodologia proposta prevê a utilização de dados e informações de domínio público, ferramentas de informática e sensoriamento remoto (com utilização de softwares livres), mapas de relevo 3D, declividade, perfis de encostas, direção de encostas, drenagem e hipsometria. O mapa ora apresentado recobre a Região Metropolitana do Recife (RMR), no estado de Pernambuco (nordeste do Brasil), devido à ocorrência de grande número de eventos naturais nessa área, que apresenta as seguintes classes de suscetibilidade a deslizamentos: muito baixa: 16,50%; baixa: 20,10%; média: 27,85%; alta: 24,15%; muito alta: 11,40%.
Benign to Malignant Hepatic Lesion Transformation in Abernethy Malformation
Authors: Tom Chloe K. , Ter-Oganesyan Ramon , Shefali Chopra , Kaur Navpreet , Pace Jordan L. , Rastegarpour Ali , Genyk Yuri , Kahn Jeffrey A.
Published: April 2024

Abernethy malformation or congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt is an extremely rare condition whereby the portomesenteric blood drains into a systemic vein and bypasses the liver through a complete or partial shunt. Severe complications include hyperammonemia and encephalopathy, benign and malignant liver tumors, and hepatopulmonary syndrome. We describe a case where a female adult diagnosed with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt subsequently developed focal nodular hyperplasia and then hepatocellular carcinoma.
Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Gastrointestinal Polyposis With Response to Emerging Therapy
Authors: Khadarian Kevork , Pai Rish , Samadder Niloy Jewel
Published: April 2024

A 70-year-old man presented to the clinic with a 6-month history of dysgeusia, followed by chronic, non-bloody diarrhea and 45 lb unintentional weight loss. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy discovered confluent nodularity in the gastric antrum and examined duodenum, but a normal esophagus. Colonoscopy uncovered patches of polypoid nodular mucosa throughout the entire colon. Biopsies of the nodular mucosa were consistent with hamartomatous polyps while biopsies of the intervening, normal-appearing mucosa demonstrated edema with crypt architectural distortion. Other hereditary polyposis syndromes were excluded with genetic testing, confirming a diagnosis of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. Adalimumab therapy was initiated with clinical improvement after nonresponse to prednisone.
Barreiras e Desafios Paradigmáticos na Contabilidade: Relatos de uma Pesquisadora não Mainstream
Authors: Magrini Vagner de Oliveira , Silva Marli Auxiliadora da , Silva Sandra Maria Cerqueira da , Soares Eduardo Codevilla
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as dificuldades encontradas na contabilidade para a realização de pesquisas que subvertem os padrões de dominação paradigmática.
Método: No estudo são empregados os conceitos teóricos de campo, habitus e capital de Pierre Bourdieu. Sob o aspecto metodológico utiliza-se a abordagem interpretativa crítica, sob o enfoque qualitativo, mediante o uso de entrevista em profundidade. Para a análise da narrativa usou-se a análise dialógica do discurso na vertente Bakhtiniana.
Resultados: O estudo revela as dificuldades enfrentadas pela entrevistada, tanto no relacionamento acadêmico com professores, quanto com colegas da pós-graduação, em especial por não empregar o paradigma mainstream em sua pesquisa. As evidências demonstram a existência de barreiras para a divulgação de suas pesquisas em congressos e em periódicos da área, que por vezes sequer recebia pareceres. Igualmente destacam-se as dificuldades da pesquisadora em obter financiamento para seus estudos, sob a justificativa de que a pesquisa não mainstream desenvolvida por ela não se trata de um estudo contábil. Tais dificuldades, abordadas no texto, reforçam a situação de dominação no campo de pesquisa contábil, orientado pelo paradigma funcionalista e positivista, assim como evidencia o esforço pela manutenção do status quo por parte dos que estão em posição de dominação no campo.
Contribuições: Além da proposta metodológica que subverte o paradigma predominante nas pesquisas contábeis, as discussões do presente estudo podem contribuir para a compreensão e superação de dificuldades ao expor como o pensamento e as ações ligadas ao mainstream reproduzem preconceitos e tentam invisibilizar as perspectivas que buscam ampliar o horizonte teórico e metodológico da pesquisa contábil.
O Efeito Propagação Impulso-Resposta de Variáveis Macroeconômicas e seus Impactos nas Informações Contábeis
Authors: Cunha Matheus Vieira da , Souza Romina Batista de Lucena de , Vendruscolo Maria Ivanice , Halmenschlager Vinícius
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analisar como o efeito impulso-resposta de variáveis macroeconômicas impacta nos indicadores de solvência, de empresas reguladas e não reguladas de capital aberto listadas na Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3). 
Método: Foi adotado o modelo de Vetores Autorregressivos (VAR) com Correção de Erros (VEC) para quatro defasagens, com o uso da ordenação de Cholesky. O período de investigação foi entre o primeiro trimestre de 2005 e o terceiro de 2020, com vetores contábeis (Endividamento Total, Cobertura de Juros e Fluxo de Caixa Operacional) e vetores macroeconômicos (Produto Interno Bruto, Taxa de Juros, Taxa de Inflação e Taxa de Câmbio). Os dados amostrais de 137 instituições brasileiras foram tratados por winsorização de 5%, agregados com base na média ponderada dos setores.
Resultados: Os segmentos regulados e não regulados apresentaram comportamento distinto, sendo instituições não reguladas mais impactadas pelo efeito impulso-resposta em comparação às reguladas, com tendência do efeito econômico de longo prazo, em ambos os segmentos. O modelo demonstrou que variáveis macroeconômicas impactam desde o primeiro trimestre após a observância do choque, sendo que o efeito da própria variável sobre o sistema analisado nem sempre responde de maneira significativa para explicar o efeito de longo prazo observado sobre os indicadores de solvência, sendo a taxa de câmbio (dólar) mais economicamente significativa para o comportamento do Endividamento.
Contribuição: A pesquisa contribui com a definição de um modelo para investigação dos ciclos econômicos em nível institucional e corrobora com a academia para a compreensão do efeito macroeconômico na informação contábil.
The Effects of Increasing the Full Retirement Age from 66 to 67 on the Retirement Decision at the Early Retirement Age of 62
Authors: Son Chong-Hwan
Published: April 2024

In the United States, the full retirement age increases in two-month increments each year until reaching 67 years of age in 2027 for individuals born from 1955 to 1960. The increase in the full retirement age is equivalent to a decline in the Social Security benefits for all new retirees. If the full retirement age is increased from 66 to 67 while the early retirement age remains at 62, then the monthly benefit reduction at age 62 would increase from 25% to 30%. Despite the reduction in Social Security benefits, a significant portion of newly retired workers claim their Social Security benefits as soon as they turn 62, which is the earliest age to claim the benefit. The Social Security Administration predicts that the reduction in Social Security benefits can encourage workers to delay their retirement and that the reduction can restore some financial balance to the Social Security system. Therefore, studying the effects of increasing the full retirement age from 66 to 67 on the retirement decision at 62 is essential for planning future social security reforms. This study conducts a Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) regression, using cross-sectional and time series data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 2016 to 2021. The empirical results show that the probability of retirement for individuals at age 62 decreased from 2016 to 2021, indicating a trend of delaying retirement as their full retirement age rises. During the same period, the likelihood of men reporting being retired decreases by 35.56%, while for women, it drops by 16.79%. It implies that if male and female workers choose to exit the workforce solely based on the Social Security benefits, the increase in full retirement age appears to have a more significant impact on delaying retirement decisions for male workers than for female workers.
The Business Model of Hertzian Radio with A Presence on The Internet: From the Perspectives of Administration and Communication
Authors: Martins Henrique Cordeiro , Prata Nair , Avelar Kamilla
Published: April 2024

The business model of the press, in general, and radio, in particular, remained almost unchanged until the 1990s; however, the situation changed with the arrival of the Internet. Therefore, this article aimed to investigate the influence of the antecedents of the business model—value creation, people, strategy, technology, convergence, interaction, and people—of radio stations, taking into account the influence of the Internet on their performance. To this end, a quantitative, descriptive study was carried out with data collected through a survey of Brazilian radio stations with an Internet presence. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. According to the quantitative data from the survey, the most important antecedents were convergence, strategy, and interaction, and there is a relationship between the business model and the performance of radio stations with an Internet presence.
Atrakcyjność przyrodnicza miast Cittaslow północnej Polski
Authors: Zawadzka Alicja K. , Korwel-Lejkowska Barbara , Michalski Tomasz
Published: April 2024

Głównym celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie atrakcyjności przyrodniczej 29 miast Cittaslow północnej Polski w zakresie występowania w nich form ochrony przyrody oraz terenów zieleni miejskiej, takich jak parki spacerowo-wypoczynkowe, zieleńce, tereny zieleni osiedlowej i lasy gminne. Artykuł składa się z trzech części.

W pierwszej poddano analizie dotychczasowe badania odnoszące się do polskich miast Cittaslow, w tym analizie szczegółowej – badania ilościowe. W drugiej dokonano kwerendy ustawowych definicji form ochrony przyrody, ich liczebności i trybu powoływania oraz definicji terenów zieleni. W trzeciej części dokonano badań występowania form ochrony przyrody oraz terenów zieleni miejskiej. W podsumowaniu utworzono ranking atrakcyjności przyrodniczej miast Cittaslow północnej Polski.
Dziedzictwo kulturowe w programach edukacyjnych pomorskich gospodarstw agroturystycznych należących do Sieci Zagród Edukacyjnych
Authors: Wiśniewska Anna
Published: April 2024

W artykule przeanalizowano ofertę edukacyjną (72 programy) związaną z dziedzictwem kulturowym przygotowaną przez pomorskie gospodarstwa należące do Ogólnopolskiej Sieci Zagród Edukacyjnych. Tematycznie programy edukacyjne związane były ze zwyczajami i obrzędami, edukacją regionalną, ginącymi zawodami, tradycyjną kuchnią i rzemiosłem artystycznym. W większości programów ukazywane było niematerialne dziedzictwo kulturowe pomorskiej wsi. Elementy dziedzictwa materialnego pojawiały się głównie w programach zakwalifikowanych jako edukacja regionalna. Największą żywotność w gospodarstwach przejawiały wzorce kaszubskie, następnie kociewskie i żuławskie. Ma to swoje odzwierciedlenie w proponowanych programach nauki języka kaszubskiego, haftu, tkactwa, garncarstwa, wikliniarstwa, sztuki ludowej, tańca, śpiewu i kuchni regionalnej. Większość zagród oferowała kilka programów edukacyjnych zorganizowanych w formie jednodniowych warsztatów, pokazów, pogadanek, plenerów skierowanych głównie do zorganizowanych grup dzieci i młodzieży szkolnej. Zajęcia, oprócz gospodarzy, prowadzili też twórcy ludowi i lokalni animatorzy.
Gospodarstwa opiekuńcze jako perspektywiczny kierunek rozwoju usług społecznych w środowisku wiejskim
Authors: Czapiewska Gabriela
Published: April 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie kwestii rozwoju usług społecznych na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce w oparciu o zasoby oraz infrastrukturę gospodarstw rolnych. Opracowanie jest próbą ujęcia istoty rolnictwa społecznego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem gospodarstw opiekuńczych i podkreślenia ich roli w środowisku wiejskim. W artykule zaprezentowano inicjatywy podejmowane m.in. przez Kujawsko-Pomorski Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego oraz Centrum Doradztwa Rolniczego w Brwinowie. Pilotażowe projekty realizowane na terenie województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego są przykładem innowacyjnego rozwiązania w sferze polityki senioralnej oraz wspierania osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną, zaś doświadczenia związane z funkcjonowaniem Sieci Zagród Edukacyjnych podkreślają istotną rolę gospodarstw rolnych w procesie edukacji. Niniejsze opracowanie łączy zatem teoretyczne rozważania z opisem praktycznych rozwiązań. Gospodarstwo opiekuńcze stanowi szczególny typ rolnictwa społecznego, integrującego wielofunkcyjność gospodarstw rolnych z usługami opiekuńczo-zdrowotnymi, a zarazem przedsiębiorczością społeczną. Istotnym elementem w rolnictwie opiekuńczym jest wykorzystanie potencjału gospodarstwa rolnego do prowadzenia działań o charakterze terapeutycznym, opiekuńczym i integracyjnym. Rolnictwo zaangażowane społeczne stanowi dla rolników szansę na dostarczanie nowych usług i tym samym poszerzenie i zróżnicowanie ich działalności oraz wielofunkcyjnej roli w społeczeństwie. Możliwość prowadzenia dodatkowej działalności w wielu gospodarstwach rolnych wpłynie na polepszenie sytuacji ekonomicznej całych społeczności lokalnych. Ponadto wzrośnie liczba i poziom usług społecznych oferowanych na terenach wiejskich. Gospodarstwa opiekuńcze pełnią istotną rolę w kontekście wyzwań związanych ze starzeniem się społeczeństw, skutkującym ograniczaniem zasobów siły roboczej oraz zwiększaniem się liczby osób wymagających wsparcia (niepełnosprawnych, zagrożonych wykluczeniem, seniorów). Rozwój gospodarstw opiekuńczych z pewnością wpłynie na podniesienie jakości życia na obszarach wiejskich oraz rozwiązywanie problemów nierówności w dostępie do usług społecznych. Do zrealizowania celu pracy jako metody badań wykorzystano analizę literatury przedmiotu i materiałów źródłowych oraz metodę opisową i porównawczą.