bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A global view on star formation: the GLOSTAR Galactic plane survey
Authors: Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Menten Karl M. , Brunthaler Andreas , Csengeri Timea , Urquhart James S. , Wyrowski Friedrich , Gong Yan , Rugel Michael R. , Dzib Sergio A. , Yang Aiyuan , Nguyen Hans , Cotton William D. , Medina Sac Nicté X. , Dokara Rohit , König Carsten , Beuther Henrik , Pandian Jagadheep D. , Reich Wolfgang , Roy Nirupam
Published: June 2021

The Cygnus X complex is covered by the Global View of Star Formation in the Milky Way (GLOSTAR) survey, an unbiased radio-wavelength Galactic plane survey, in 4–8 GHz continuum radiation and several spectral lines. The GLOSTAR survey observed the 6.7 GHz transition of methanol (CH3OH), an exclusive tracer of high-mass young stellar objects. Using the Very Large Array in both the B and D configurations, we observed an area in Cygnus X of 7° × 3° in size and simultaneously covered the methanol line and the continuum, allowing cross-registration. We detected thirteen sources with Class II methanol maser emission and one source with methanol absorption. Two methanol maser sources are newly detected; in addition, we found four new velocity components associated with known masers. Five masers are concentrated in the DR21 ridge and W75N. We determined the characteristics of the detected masers and investigated the association with infrared, (sub)millimeter, and radio continuum emission. All maser sources are associated with (sub)millimeter dust continuum emission, which is consistent with the picture of masers tracing regions in an active stage of star formation. On the other hand, only five masers (38 ± 17%) have radio continuum counterparts seen with GLOSTAR within ~1″, testifying to their youth. Comparing the distributions of the bolometric luminosity and the luminosity-to-mass ratio of cores that host 6.7 GHz methanol masers with those of the full core population, we identified lower limits LBol ~ 200 L⊙ and LBol/Mcore ~ 1 L⊙M⊙−1 for a dust source to host maser emission.
Environmental protection and social development: an optimization perspective from two polarities
Authors: He Qianyue , Lei Zihao , An Ruoding , Yu Yiyun , Huang Xin , Wen Guangrui , Chen Xuefeng
Published: June 2021

The development of human society is currently in a dilemma, where the further development of society needs to be considered, simultaneously, the environmental problems caused by development are becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, how to weigh the relationship between environmental protection and social development is still a hot research topic. In consideration of such a bipolar conflict problem, a novel optimization model was proposed to study the relationship between environmental protection and social development. First, this problem is modeled as a single objective optimization problem. Secondly, a series of representative characteristics are selected from social development and environmental protection. Then, these features are preprocessed, decomposed and analyzed. Finally, the objective function is obtained through regression analysis. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the realistic case of China from 2000 to 2018 are employed and analyzed. The analysis result confirms that proposed model is able to achieve state-of-the-art performances.
Changes of vegetation and its forces driving in the Aral Sea Basin of Central Asia
Authors: Zhang Xiangye , Liu Hailong , Chen Hui
Published: June 2021

Global change brings great uncertainty to the fragile ecological environment of arid area. In order to understand the driving role of climatic factors and socio-economic activity on changes, the distribution and change of vegetation in the Aral Sea basin were examined using data from remote sensing, population data sets from 2000 to 2015, transfer matrix, and the centre of gravity model. The salient results of the analysis were as follows. (1) Although the index increased slightly in the past 20 years overall, it fluctuated greatly over that time. From 2000 to 2015, the NDVI decreased in approximately 62% of the area; increased in 24%; and remained unchanged in 14%. (2) From 2000 to 2015, the geographic centre of the area under forest land to the northeast, marking the advancement of urbanization upstream. The geographic centre of grassland moved to the west. (3) The overall impact of precipitation on vegetation was greater than that of temperature. Areas showing a strong correlation were mostly concentrated in forest land; the impact of precipitation on grasslands was weak. (4) The distribution of vegetation was adversely affected by the increase in population and in GDP. The present study is of particular significance to the restoration and reconstruction of the Aral Sea basin ecosystem.
Analysis of energy consumption status and development trend of cold chain logistics
Authors: Tang Wei , Li Junfeng
Published: June 2021

As a new industry, cold chain logistics has attracted much attention. Under the strong support of national policies, the development of cold chain logistics has entered the fast lane. This study takes the energy consumption of cold chain logistics as the research object, uses the the energy consumption benchmark evaluation model of regression analysis to present the current situation of energy consumption of cold chain logistics from different dimensions, puts forward the contradictions and problems existing in the current development based on the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis method. Finally, the development trend of cold chain logistics energy consumption is predicted and relevant suggestions are put forward. The purpose of this paper is to find out the rule of effect of each factor on energy consumption in cold chain logistics, and to provide the direction for energy-saving measures in production.
l1/2regularization for wavelet frames based few-view CT reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Lingli , Luo An
Published: June 2021

Reducing the radiation exposure in computed tomography (CT) is always a significant research topic in radiology. Image reconstruction from few-view projection is a reasonable and effective way to decrease the number of rays to lower the radiation exposure. But how to maintain high image reconstruction quality while reducing radiation exposure is a major challenge. To solve this problem, several researchers are absorbed in l0or l1regularization based optimization models to deal with it. However, the solution of l1regularization based optimization model is not sparser than that of l1/2or l0regularization, and solving the l0regularization is more difficult than solving the l1/2regularization. In this paper, we develop l1/2regularization for wavelet frames based image reconstruction model to research the few-view problem. First, the existence of the solution of the corresponding model is demonstrated. Second, an alternate direction method (ADM) is utilized to separate the original problem into two subproblems, where the former subproblem about the image is solved using the idea of the proximal mapping, the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) and the projection and contraction (PC) algorithm, and the later subproblem about the wavelet coefficients is solved using the half thresholding (HT) algorithm. Furthermore, the convergence analysis of our method is given by the simulated implementions. Simulated and real experiments confirm the effectiveness of our method.
A study on the extreme value distribution of the minimum tensile strength of bolt
Authors: Bi Geping , Chen Jinzhe , Tai Wenhua
Published: June 2021

Taking M12.5 × 1.25 × 65-10.9 bolt as an example, this paper studies the extreme distribution of the minimum value of bolt tensile strength in order to evaluate the reliability and stability of bolt product quality and to verify the production process. Through data collection, parameter estimation, distribution test and extreme prediction, it is concluded that: 1) the distribution of the minimum value of bolt tensile strength conforms to Gumbel extreme distribution; 2) when the return period is 10000, the predicted minimum tensile strength is 1071.7 MPa ± 3.2 MPa, k = 2. It is higher than the minimum value of 1040 MPa required by ISO 898-1 standard.
Development of a simulation model for the spread of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in Kaluga region
Authors: Tkachenko Alexey , Lavrentev Denis , Denisenko Maksim , Kuznetsova Valentina
Published: June 2021

The development of the situation around Covid-19 is an urgent problem for the whole world, and it is still not known exactly how the pandemic will develop. However, based on the data of the virus spread to date, it is possible to model the approximate outcome of the activities of humanity in the fight against Covid-19. To develop this model, we used a simulation tool-AnyLogic (Personal Learning Edition) with support for the Java programming language. This software has a large analytical functionality. When creating the Covid-19 infection model, the free version of the program was used. This model is only relevant if the pandemic continues at the same pace. There are many factors that can deviate from the presented model in any direction: early release from restrictive measures, virus mutations, forced vaccination of the population, and other measures that directly affect the main indicators of infection development. In the process of modelling the spread of Covid-19 coronavirus infection in the Kaluga region, results were obtained that reflect the rate of development of the pandemic. Thus, it is possible to identify the weaknesses of the fight against viruses and further minimize the rate of development of the disease.
SWOT-assessment of recycling materials for cheap explosives used in the development of fields in the Russian Arctic zone
Authors: Frantov Alexandre
Published: June 2021

The recycling potential is being actualized due to the trends in the production and use of powder and liquid combustible materials from the waste of a mining enterprise in the production cycle of mining, enrichment and processing (polymer packaging and containers of explosives, large tires and rubber products during the operation of mining vehicles, coal powder and coke breeze during enrichment and coking of coal, waste oil products during the operation of vehicles and mechanization equipment). In the material under consideration, a SWOT analysis of the possibility of using the recycling technology of materials in the manufacture of the simplest explosives in the northern and arctic regions of Russia is carried out, including consideration of geological, natural, climatic, economic-geographical, environmental, technological and technical aspects. On the basis of the presented detailing of the indicators of the considered aspects of the SWOT analysis, their role is shown and the value is highlighted when using the technology of recycling materials for the simplest explosives in the development of medium and small deposits. The possibility of obtaining recycled material used for the manufacture of the simplest explosives at mining enterprises from alternative manufacturers is shown.
Energy security management of a business entity
Authors: Sulimin Vladimir , Shvedov Vladislav , Lvova Maiia
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, the basic indicator of the stability of an economic entity established to sell its products and obtain profits is its economic security, i.e. the protection of its interests regardless specific impact of different external and internal factors. The paper deals with the ways to ensure the entity energy system security, and measures to improve the efficiency of this system management. The paper also identifies the most typical threats to uninterruptible energy supply of enterprises and organizations, as well as means of preventing and overcoming problems caused by these problems.
Theoretical aspects of problem solution in production systems
Authors: Borovik Vitaly Sergeevich , Skorobogatchenko Dmitry , Borovik Vitaly Vitalievich , Proсenko Oksana , Borovik Anastasiya Vitalievna
Published: June 2021

The article attempts to present conceptually the definitions of the terms a “problem situation” and a “problem”. The problem, goal, strategy, means and conditions are analyzed in time, in interconnection and interdependence. A scheme for the solution of a problem based on the digital strategy model is presented. The one-to-one correspondence of the elements of the sets within the implementation of the corresponding measures connected with the solution of the problem is analyzed as an illustration of the way out of the problem situation. The model is analyzed which shows the time sections of the Minkowski space for the control vector, taking into account the reaction of the control vector to the influence of external and internal factors in time within the production system. The conclusion is made about the evolutionary reaction of the system to the emergence of a problem situation, which is formed for its self-preservation, prevention of system integrity violation and the possibility of automating the process of problem solution on the basis of a digital model.
Energy safety of the region on the example of the city of Sevastopol
Authors: Piskun Elena , Khokhlov Vladimir , Guryanova Lidiya
Published: June 2021

Energy safety problems arise and require solutions at the macro and meso levels. Energy security contributes to the extensive and intensive development of industry and services, the creation of comfortable living conditions for the population of the region. At the same time, there is a problem of quantitative assessment of the energy security of the region. The purpose of this study is to find an indicator reflecting the state of regional energy security and its impact on the economy. The proposed methodology makes it possible to determine: the supply of fuel and energy resources, taking into account the availability of the resource and the level of its consumption; the level of energy security based on changes in the provision of energy resources, linked to fluctuations in the gross regional product. According to the studies carried out according to the developed methodology and based on the statistical data of the city of Sevastopol, the level of energy security of the region is positive, despite the negative values of the provision of energy resources (except for 2020). At the same time, the gross regional product shows growth. It can be assumed that subsequent periods of the city’s functioning will be characterized by economic growth. Further research by the authors will be aimed at predicting both the energy and economic security of the region.
Adaptation Information and analytical system adaptation in the contour of the corporate system of the university
Authors: Kolyeva Natalya , Kopnova Oxana , Shaporeva Anna
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the advantages of embedding an information and analytical system in the contour of the corporate system of the university. The purpose of the development and implementation of the information and analytical system is formulated. Its features are determined, as well as the rationale for choosing the implementation environment. The place of the information and analytical system in the contour of the corporate system of the university is indicated. The model of the data structure of the information and analytical system in the contour of the corporate information system of the university is presented. Typical problems in the organization’s infrastructure are identified and solutions for optimizing the work are proposed. A reasoning model for analyzing corporate information system data is constructed. The levels of access to the analytical system are defined. This information is useful for both managers of educational institutions and employees of services involved in processing information about the organization and reporting for making strategic decisions.
Innovationsmanagement diagnostischer Geräte am Beispiel der Detektion zirkulierender Tumorzellen
Authors: Fleßa Steffen , Aichinger Heike , Bratan Tanja
Published: June 2021

Zielsetzung Diagnostik ist eine Grundvoraussetzung für die effektive und effiziente Behandlung komplexer Krankheiten. Dementsprechend ist die Entwicklung innovativer Diagnostiktechnik von der Entwicklung des Verfahrens bis zur Einführung in die Versorgung von großer Bedeutung für die Weiterentwicklung der Medizin. Allerdings wird der komplexe Prozess häufig nicht ganzheitlich gesehen, sodass insbesondere technische und ökonomische Aspekte getrennt betrachtet werden. In dieser Arbeit entwickeln wir ein Modell des Innovationsmanagements von Diagnostiktechnologie mit dem Ziel, den Innovationsprozess im Sinne einer integrativen Entwicklung zu verbessern.

Methodik Der Prozess des Innovationsmanagements von Diagnostiktechnologie von der Produktidee bis zur Marktreife wird als Modell entwickelt, wobei die einzelnen Barrieren und Einflussfaktoren herausgearbeitet werden. Die Erkenntnisse werden anschließend am Beispiel eines Gerätes zur Detektion von zirkulierenden Tumorzellen diskutiert.

Ergebnisse Der Innovationsprozess durchläuft verschiedene Phasen: von der Produktidee, der Entwicklung, der Zulassung, der Entgeltung bis zur Markteinführung. Bislang werden die ersten 3 Phasen überwiegend als technisches Problem angesehen, während die letzten beiden Phasen der Ökonomie vorbehalten sind. Ein effizientes Innovationsmanagement erfordert hingegen den Einsatz betriebswirtschaftlicher und gesundheitsökonomischer Elemente von Anfang an im Sinne einer integrativen Entwicklung.

Schlussfolgerung Es stehen erprobte Instrumente des Innovationsmanagements und der gesundheitsökonomischen Evaluation zur Verfügung, die den Prozess von der Produktidee bis zur Markteinführung effizient und effektiv gestalten lassen. Eine entsprechende Listung der Instrumente ist hilfreich als Anregung für ein professionelles Innovationsmanagement diagnostischer Geräte.
„Flirten, Daten, Fighten, Feiern“ – ein sexual- und medienpädagogischer Blick auf die TV-Dating-Formate „Der Bachelor“, „Die Bachelorette“ und „Prince Charming“
Authors: Hamm Marianne
Published: June 2021

Der vorliegende Praxisbeitrag beschäftigt sich mit den deutschsprachigen TV-Dating-Formaten „Der Bachelor“ (RTL), „Die Bachelorette“ (RTL) und „Prince Charming“ (TV NOW/Vox). Bei ihrer Erstausstrahlung im Jahr 2003 löste die Dating-Show „Der Bachelor“ wegen ihrer Frauenfeindlichkeit einen Skandal aus. Mehr als 18 Jahre später existiert das Format immer noch. Und sein neues schwules Pendant, „Prince Charming“, wurde 2020 mit dem Grimme-Preis ausgezeichnet. Was steckt dahinter? Untersucht werden der Aufbau der Formate sowie deren Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Themen Sexualität, Beziehung, Liebe und Dating. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Blick auf die Rezeption und mögliche Lesarten der Formate und zieht Schlussfolgerungen für die sexual- und medienpädagogische Praxis.
Machine Learning to Predict Outcomes in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism Who Prematurely Discontinued Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Mora Damián , Nieto José A. , Mateo Jorge , Bikdeli Behnood , Barco Stefano , Trujillo-Santos Javier , Soler Silvia , Font Llorenç , Bosevski Marijan , Monreal Manuel ,   the RIETE Investigators
Published: June 2021

Background Patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) who prematurely discontinue anticoagulant therapy (<90 days) are at an increased risk for death or recurrences.

Methods We used the data from the RIETE (Registro Informatizado de Pacientes con Enfermedad TromboEmbólica) registry to compare the prognostic ability of five machine-learning (ML) models and logistic regression to identify patients at increased risk for the composite of fatal PE or recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) 30 days after discontinuation. ML models included decision tree, k-nearest neighbors algorithm, support vector machine, Ensemble, and neural network [NN]. A “full” model with 70 variables and a “reduced” model with 23 were analyzed. Model performance was assessed by confusion matrix metrics on the testing data for each model and a calibration plot.

Results Among 34,447 patients with PE, 1,348 (3.9%) discontinued therapy prematurely. Fifty-one (3.8%) developed fatal PE or sudden death and 24 (1.8%) had nonfatal VTE recurrences within 30 days after discontinuation. ML-NN was the best method for identification of patients experiencing the composite endpoint, predicting the composite outcome with an area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–0.98), using either 70 or 23 variables captured before discontinuation. Similar numbers were obtained for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy. The discrimination of logistic regression was inferior (area under ROC curve, 0.76 [95% CI: 0.70–0.81]). Calibration plots showed similar deviations from the perfect line for ML-NN and logistic regression.

Conclusion The ML-NN method very well predicted the composite outcome after premature discontinuation of anticoagulation and outperformed traditional logistic regression.
Comparison of Intermittent versus Continuous Superior Venal Caval Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in Early Goal Directed Therapy in Septic Shock: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sankar Jhuma Mondal , Das Rashmi Ranjan , Kumar Udhaya Vijaya
Published: June 2021

Early goal directed therapy (EGDT) is a bundle of care (monitoring ScvO2 and lactate along with clinical parameters and instituting therapy) that has shown to improve outcomes in patients with septic shock. We conducted a systematic review of clinical trials and observational studies to compare intermittent versus continuous monitoring of ScvO2. We did major database searches till August 2020. Hospitalized children (>2 months age) and adults with septic shock were included. The intervention was “intermittent ScvO2 monitoring,” and the comparator was “continuous ScvO2 monitoring.” The primary outcome is “all-cause mortality.” Of 564 citations, 3 studies (n = 541) including both children and adults were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference in the “overall/all-cause mortality” (two randomized controlled trials; 258 participants) between the “intermittent” and “continuous” ScvO2 monitoring groups (relative risk [RR]: 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.8–1.24). However, a single observational study (283 participants) showed a significant increase in mortality in the intermittent group (RR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.03–2.05). The GRADE evidence generated for “overall/all-cause mortality” was of “moderate certainty.” To conclude, the present meta-analysis did not find any significant difference between “intermittent” and “continuous” ScvO2 monitoring in patients with septic shock.
Implant Survival and Clinical Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients
Authors: Zeitlinger Lauren , Gemayel Anthony , Whitlock Patrick , Sorger Joel
Published: June 2021

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in pediatric patients is controversial with concern for high failure rates, and lack of promising outcomes as compared with the adult population. Increased survivorship of implants invites the potential for improved function and quality of life in young adults. Although THA is now an option for end-stage symptomatic hip disease in young patients, outcomes with contemporary techniques and implants have yet to be reported.

Following the institutional review board approval, a retrospective chart review of 25 patients (29 hips) with end-stage hip disease at a single institution from 2010 to 2017 was performed. All patients underwent THA with noncemented, contemporary THA with highly cross-linked polyethene liners. Clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcomes were obtained including any postoperative complications, revisions, evidence of loosening or wear, and lastly, Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Harris Hip Scores, Non-Arthritic Hip scores, and International Hip Outcome Tool. With a minimum follow-up duration of 2 years, there were no revisions or evidence of loosening or wear on follow-up radiographs. All patients underwent noncemented THA with metal or ceramic on highly cross-linked polyethylene liners. Six patients accounting for seven THAs completed patient-reported outcomes: two reporting excellent outcomes, four good outcomes, and one failed outcome. With advancing techniques and strategies, treatment options for hip pathology in the pediatric population are growing. We present favorable outcomes 2 years post-procedure, suggesting THA as a potential option for end-stage hip disease in pediatric and young adult patients.
Making autonomy an instrument: a pragmatist account of contextualized autonomy
Authors: Racine Eric , Kusch Sarah , Cascio M. Ariel , Bogossian Aline
Published: June 2021

Across societies, cultures, and political ideologies, autonomy is a deeply valued attribute for both flourishing individuals and communities. However, it is also the object of different visions, including among those considering autonomy a highly valued individual ability, and those emphasizing its relational nature but its sometimes-questionable value. A pragmatist orientation suggests that the concept of autonomy should be further specified (i.e., instrumentalized) beyond theory in terms of its real-world implications and usability for moral agents. Accordingly, this latter orientation leads us to present autonomy as an ability; and then to unpack it as a broader than usual composite ability constituted of the component-abilities of voluntariness, self-control, information, deliberation, authenticity, and enactment. Given that particular abilities of an agent can only be exercised in a given set of circumstances (i.e., within a situation), including relationships as well as other important contextual characteristics, the exercise of one’s autonomy is inherently contextual and should be understood as being transactional in nature. This programmatic paper presents a situated account of autonomy inspired by Dewey’s pragmatism and instrumentalism against the backdrop of more individual and relational accounts of autonomy. Using examples from health ethics, the paper then demonstrates how this thinking supports a strategy of synergetic enrichment of the concept of autonomy by which experiential and empirical knowledge about autonomy and the exercise of autonomy enriches our understanding of some of its component-abilities and thus promises to make agents more autonomous.
The hidden hierarchy of far-right digital guerrilla warfare
Authors: Cesarino Letícia , Nardelli Pedro H. J.
Published: June 2021

The polarizing tendency of politically leaned social media is usually claimed to be spontaneous, or a by-product of underlying platform algorithms. This contribution revisits both claims by articulating the digital world of social media and rules derived from capitalist accumulation in the post-Fordist age, from a transdisciplinary perspective articulating the human and exact sciences. Behind claims of individual freedom, there is a rigid pyramidal hierarchy of power heavily using military techniques developed in the late years of the cold war, namely Russia Reflexive Control and the Boyd’s decision cycle in the USA. This hierarchy is not the old-style “command-and-control” from Fordist times, but an “emergent” one, whereby individual agents respond to informational stimuli, coordinated to move as a swarm. Such a post-Fordist organizational structure resembles guerrilla warfare. In this new world, it is the far right who plays the revolutionaries by deploying avant-garde guerrilla methods, while the so-called left paradoxically appears as conservatives defending the existing structure of exploitation. Although the tactical goal is unclear, the strategic objective of far-right guerrillas is to hold on to power and benefit particular groups to accumulate more capital. We draw examples from the Brazilian far right to support our claims.
Measurements of radial profile of isotope density ratio using bulk charge exchange spectroscopy
Authors: Yoshinuma M. , Ida K. , Yamasaki K. , Chen J. , Murakami I.
Published: June 2021

A bulk charge exchange spectroscopy (BCXS) system using a grism (grating prism) spectrometer has been applied to measure the profile of the deuterium (D) fraction in deuterium and hydrogen (H) mixture plasma in the Large Helical Device. The observed spectrum can be fitted with four Gaussian functions successfully by reduction of free parameters for the least-squares fit. The plasma flow velocity and ion temperature profile measured by charge exchange spectroscopy using carbon impurity are used for estimation of the wavelength shift of hot components to reduce the free parameter. The ion temperature is used to estimate the apparent wavelength shift due to the energy dependent emission cross section only and is not used to set the Doppler width for H and D in the fitting. The sensitivity of the evaluated D fraction on the velocity is increased for a higher D fraction. The error of the D fraction is calculated from the error in the fitted parameter and sensitivity on the velocity of the hot component. The difference in the profile and time trace of the D fraction with D pellet and H pellet injection was observed clearly by BCXS using a grism spectrometer.
Robust high-bandwidth control of nano-positioning stages with Kalman filter based extended state observer and H∞ control
Authors: Huang Wei-Wei , Li Linlin , Li Zhou-Long , Zhu Zhiwei , Zhu Li-Min
Published: June 2021

The achievable performance of the piezo-actuated nano-positioning stages is severely limited by the intrinsic nonlinearities of the actuators, the lightly damped resonant mode of the flexure-hinge mechanism, and the external disturbances. To overcome all these limitations, this paper presents a novel robust dual-loop control scheme with a Kalman filter-based extended state observer and H∞ control for nano-positioning stages to implement high-bandwidth tracking operations. In this scheme, the extended state observer (ESO) is first developed and assisted by the identified system model to estimate both the system states and total disturbances, where the estimated disturbance is compensated by the direct feedback. In particular, to further improve the estimation performance, the Kalman filter is thus incorporated into the ESO to optimize the observer gain. Then, the state-feedback-based inner-loop controller is designed via the pole-placement method to damp the resonant mode of nano-positioning stages. Finally, a H∞ robust controller is adopted in the outer-loop to eliminate the influence resulting from the external disturbances, nonlinearities, and unmodeled dynamics on tracking operations. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, comparative experiments are conducted on a piezo-actuated nano-positioning stage. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme improves the control bandwidth of the system from 3.6 kHz (the stand-alone H∞ controller) to 5.52 kHz, which is 93.5% of the first resonant frequency of the original system. Moreover, it shows excellent robustness against the variation of system dynamics due to the change in the mounted mass and the external disturbances.
A construction of Euclidean invariant, reflection positive measures on a compactification of distributions
Authors: Tlas T.
Published: June 2021

A simple construction of a class of Euclidean invariant, reflection positive measures on a compactification of the space of distributions is given. An unusual feature is that the regularizations used are not reflection positive.
Cartesian message passing neural networks for directional properties: Fast and transferable atomic multipoles
Authors: Glick Zachary L. , Koutsoukas Alexios , Cheney Daniel L. , Sherrill C. David
Published: June 2021

The message passing neural network (MPNN) framework is a promising tool for modeling atomic properties but is, until recently, incompatible with directional properties, such as Cartesian tensors. We propose a modified Cartesian MPNN (CMPNN) suitable for predicting atom-centered multipoles, an essential component of ab initio force fields. The efficacy of this model is demonstrated on a newly developed dataset consisting of 46 623 chemical structures and corresponding high-quality atomic multipoles, which was deposited into the publicly available Molecular Sciences Software Institute QCArchive server. We show that the CMPNN accurately predicts atom-centered charges, dipoles, and quadrupoles and that errors in the predicted atomic multipoles have a negligible effect on multipole–multipole electrostatic energies. The CMPNN is accurate enough to model conformational dependencies of a molecule’s electronic structure. This opens up the possibility of recomputing atomic multipoles on the fly throughout a simulation in which they might exhibit strong conformational dependence.
Tuning the solvation of indigo in aqueous deep eutectics
Authors: Hammond Oliver S. , Simon Guillaume , Gomes Margarida Costa , Padua Agílio A. H.
Published: June 2021

The solubility of synthetic indigo dye was measured at room temperature in three deep eutectic solvents (DESs)—1:3 choline chloride:1,4-butanediol, 1:3 tetrabutylammonium bromide:1,4-butanediol, and 1:2 choline chloride:p-cresol—to test the hypothesis that the structure of DESs can be systematically altered, to induce specific DES–solute interactions, and, thus, tune solubility. DESs were designed starting from the well-known cholinium chloride salt mixed with the partially amphiphilic 1,4-butanediol hydrogen bond donor (HBD), and then, the effect of increasing salt hydrophobicity (tetrabutylammonium bromide) and HBD hydrophobicity (p-cresol) was explored. Measurements were made between 2.5 and 25 wt. % H2O, as a reasonable range representing atmospherically absorbed water, and molecular dynamics simulations were used for structural analysis. The choline chloride:1,4-butanediol DES had the lowest indigo solubility, with only the hydrophobic character of the alcohol alkyl spacers. Solubility was highest for indigo in the tetrabutylammonium bromide:1,4-butanediol DES with 2.5 wt. % H2O due to interactions of indigo with the hydrophobic cation, but further addition of water caused this to reduce in line with the added water mole fraction, as water solvated the cation and reduced the extent of the hydrophobic region. The ChCl:p-cresol DES did not have the highest solubility at 2.5 wt. % H2O, but did at 25 wt. % H2O. Radial distribution functions, coordination numbers, and spatial distribution functions demonstrate that this is due to strong indigo–HBD interactions, which allow this system to resist the higher mole fraction of water molecules and retain its solubility. The DES is, therefore, a host to local-composition effects in solvation, where its hydrophobic moieties concentrate around the hydrophobic solute, illustrating the versatility of DES as solvents.
A simulation method for muscle-driven swimming and its applications
Authors: Luo Ye , Qi Dewei
Published: June 2021

A novel muscle-driven method (MDM) with its corresponding Compute Unified Device Architecture parallel computational code is newly developed to mimic shortening and lengthening of muscles, in a fish-like swimming body, which causes the body flapping in the transversal direction and create a thrust force to propel the body to cruise in the longitudinal direction. In this method, the fish body is discretized as mass points connected by elastic springs and muscle deformation is critically realized by using a constraint algorithm, called RATTLE, to control relative deformation distances between neighboring mass points of the muscles, while turbulent fluids are treated by a multi-relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method with a large eddy simulation. A validation for the MDM is extensively conducted by comparing our simulation results with the existing experimental and theoretical results. Subsequently, the frequency, amplitude, and wavelength of lengthening of muscles and the stiffness and mass density of the body are systematically varied at different levels and their effects on flapping and cruising motion and flow structures are studied at different Reynolds numbers.
Involvement of Scratch2 in GalR1-mediated depression-like behaviors in the rat ventral periaqueductal gray
Authors: Yang Yutao , Li Yueting , Liu Bo , Li Chenchen , Liu Zijin , Deng Jiahui , Luo Hanjiang , Li Xiaoxiao , Wu Jinjin , Li Hui , Wang Chuan-Yue , Zhao Ming , Wu Haohao , Lallemend Francois , Svenningsson Per , Hökfelt Tomas G. M. , Xu Zhi-Qing David
Published: June 2021

Significance

Depression is a serious disease afflicting an increasing number of people, including adolescents. Animal studies indicate that the neuropeptide galanin and its three receptors, GalR1 to 3, are involved in depression-like behavior, evidenced by increased GalR1 transcript levels in the ventral periaqueductal gray of “depressed” rats. Here, we show coexistence of Scratch2 and GalR1, identifying a possible mechanism underlying control of GalR1 expression in this region: the transcription factor Scratch2 lowers, via binding to an E-box in the
GalR1
promoter, expression of the GalR1 receptor. This may represent a further role for Scratch2, earlier associated with embryonic development, cell migration, and neurogenesis. Because GalR1 seems involved in major depression, we discuss whether or not Scratch2 also may play a role in the human disease.
Time-like hypersurfaces of prescribed mean extrinsic curvature
Authors: Friedrich Helmut
Published: June 2021

The results on the initial boundary value problem for Einstein’s vacuum field equation obtained in Friedrich and Nagy Commun. Math. Phys.
201 619–655 rely on an unusual gauge. One of the defining gauge source functions represents the mean extrinsic curvature of the time-like leaves of a foliation that includes the boundary and covers a neighbourhood of it. The others steer the development of a frame field and coordinates on the leaves. In general their combined action is needed to control in the context of the reduced field equations the evolution of the leaves. In this article are derived the hyperbolic equations implicit in that gauge. It is shown that the latter are independent of the Einstein equations and well defined on arbitrary space-times. The analysis simplifies if boundary conditions with constant mean extrinsic curvature are stipulated. It simplifies further if the boundary is required to be totally geodesic.
Generalised gravitational wave burst generation with generative adversarial networks
Authors: McGinn J , Messenger C , Williams M J , Heng I S
Published: June 2021

We introduce the use of conditional generative adversarial networks (CGANs) for generalised gravitational wave (GW) burst generation in the time domain. Generative adversarial networks are generative machine learning models that produce new data based on the features of the training data set. We condition the network on five classes of time-series signals that are often used to characterise GW burst searches: sine-Gaussian, ringdown, white noise burst, Gaussian pulse and binary black hole merger. We show that the model can replicate the features of these standard signal classes and, in addition, produce generalised burst signals through interpolation and class mixing. We also present an example application where a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier is trained on burst signals generated by our CGAN. We show that a CNN classifier trained only on the standard five signal classes has a poorer detection efficiency than a CNN classifier trained on a population of generalised burst signals drawn from the combined signal class space.
MICROSCOPE satellite and its drag-free and attitude control system
Authors: Robert Alain , Cipolla Valerio , Prieur Pascal , Touboul Pierre , Métris Gilles , Rodrigues Manuel , André Yves , Bergé Joel , Boulanger Damien , Chhun Ratana , Christophe Bruno , Guidotti Pierre-Yves , Hardy Emilie , Lebat Vincent , Lienart Thomas , Liorzou Françoise , Pouilloux Benjamin
Published: June 2021

This paper focuses on the description of the design and performance of the MICROSCOPE satellite and its drag-free and attitude control system. The satellite is derived from CNES’ Myriade platform family, albeit with significant upgrades dictated by the unprecedented MICROSCOPE’s mission requirements. The 300 kg drag-free microsatellite has completed its 2 years flight with higher-than-expected performances. Its passive thermal concept allowed for temperature variations smaller than 1 μK at the frequency of the equivalence principle test f
EP. The propulsion system provided a six-axis continuous and very low noise thrust from zero to some hundreds of micronewtons. Finally, the performance of its DFACS (aimed at compensating the disturbing forces and torques applied to the satellite) is the finest ever achieved in low Earth orbit, with residual accelerations along the three axes lower than 10−12 m s−2 at f
EP over 8 days.
2D spatially resolved O atom density profiles in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet: from the active plasma volume to the effluent
Authors: Steuer David , Korolov Ihor , Chur Sascha , Schulze Julian , Schulz-von der Gathen Volker , Golda Judith , Böke Marc
Published: June 2021

Two-dimensional spatially resolved absolute atomic oxygen densities are measured within an atmospheric pressure micro plasma jet and in its effluent. The plasma is operated in helium with an admixture of 0.5% of oxygen at 13.56 MHz and with a power of 1 W. Absolute atomic oxygen densities are obtained using two photon absorption laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The results are interpreted based on measurements of the electron dynamics by phase resolved optical emission spectroscopy in combination with a simple model that balances the production of atomic oxygen with its losses due to chemical reactions and diffusion. Within the discharge, the atomic oxygen density builds up with a rise time of 600 µs along the gas flow and reaches a plateau of 8 × 1015 cm−3. In the effluent, the density decays exponentially with a decay time of 180 µs (corresponding to a decay length of 3 mm at a gas flow of 1.0 slm). It is found that both, the species formation behavior and the maximum distance between the jet nozzle and substrates for possible oxygen treatments of surfaces can be controlled by adjusting the gas flow.
Universal route for the emergence of exceptional points in PT-symmetric metamaterials with unfolding spectral symmetries
Authors: Fang Yanghao , Kottos Tsampikos , Thevamaran Ramathasan
Published: June 2021

We introduce a class of parity-time symmetric elastodynamic metamaterials (Ed-MetaMater) whose Hermitian counterpart exhibits unfolding (fractal) spectral symmetries. Our study reveals a scale-free formation of exceptional points in those Ed-MetaMaters whose density is dictated by the fractal dimension of their Hermitian spectra. We demonstrate this scale-free EP-formation in a quasi-periodic Aubry-Harper Ed-MetaMater, a geometric H-tree-fractal Ed-MetaMater, and an aperiodic Fibonacci Ed-MetaMater—each having a specific fractal spectrum—using finite element models and establish a universal route for EP-formation via a coupled mode theory model with controllable fractal spectrum. This universality may enable the rational design of novel Ed-MetaMater for hypersensitive sensing and elastic wave control.
Revisiting 129Xe electric dipole moment measurements applying a new global phase fitting approach
Authors: Liu Tianhao , Rolfs Katharina , Fan Isaac , Haude Sophia , Kilian Wolfgang , Li Liyi , Schnabel Allard , Voigt Jens , Trahms Lutz
Published: June 2021

By measuring the spin precession frequencies of polarized 129Xe and 3He, a new upper limit on the 129Xe atomic electric dipole moment (EDM)

d

A

X
e

129

was reported in Sachdev et al (2019 Phys. Rev. Lett.
123, 143003). Here, we propose a new evaluation method based on global phase fitting (GPF) for analyzing the continuous phase development of the 3He–129Xe comagnetometer signal. The Cramer–Rao lower bound on the 129Xe EDM for the GPF method is theoretically derived and shows the potential benefit of our new approach. The robustness of the GPF method is verified with Monte-Carlo studies. By optimizing the analysis parameters and adding data that could not be analyzed with the former method, we obtain a result of

d

A

X
e

129

=

[

1.1
±
3.6

(

s
t
a
t

)

±
2.0

(

s
y
s
t

)

]

×
1

0

−
28

e

c
m

in an unblinded analysis. For the systematic uncertainty analyses, we adopted all methods from the aforementioned PRL publication except the comagnetometer phase drift, which can be omitted using the GPF method. The updated null result can be interpreted as a new upper limit of

|

d

A

X
e

129

|
<
8.3

×
1

0

−
28

e

c
m

at the 95% C.L.
Can scale-dependent cosmology alleviate the H0 tension?
Authors: Alvarez Pedro D. , Koch Benjamin , Laporte Cristobal , Rincón Ángel
Published: June 2021

Scale-dependence is a common feature to all effective models of quantum gravity. In this paper, a cosmological model based on the scale-dependent scenario of gravity is presented. It is argued that such models, where the scale-dependence appears as a correction to the classical ΛCDM evolution, have the potential of addressing the tensions between early and late time measurements of H0. After defining criteria to parametrize this tension, we perform a numerical scan over the parameter space of the scale-dependent model, subject to these criteria. In this analysis, it is found that, indeed, the tension can be released.
Intelligent Drying Rack System based on Internet of Things
Authors: Xing Xiao , Zhang Chong , Gu Jieming , Zhang Yixin , Lv Xinrun , Zhuo Zihan
Published: June 2021

With the innovation and development of science and technology, the convenience and intelligence of home life has become a trend. This intelligent drying rack system based on the Internet of Things uses the OneNET cloud platform as the information port, and selects the STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer as the main control chip to read, judge and output the execution signal from the signal collected by the sensor. The smart drying rack can be operated manually and remotely through the touch screen, related hardware circuits and mobile phone APP, which can control the extension and recycling of the clothes drying rod, and the automatic drying and storage of clothes. It is convenient to use and improves the intelligent level of the drying rack. The problem that the drying rack cannot dry the wet clothes and needs to be stored manually is solved.
Simulation Research on the Post-arc Dielectric Recovery Characteristics of Multi-break Vacuum Circuit Breakers
Authors: Ai Shaogui , Fan Yiping , Ni Hui , Huang Yongning , Gong Yujie , Wang Zhenxing
Published: June 2021

The dielectric recovery characteristics are very important for the successful interruption of the vacuum circuit breaker. In order to explore the influence of the post-arc dielectric recovery characteristics of the multi-break vacuum circuit breaker on its breaking, this article establishes a simulation model of the multi-break vacuum circuit breaker and a 750kV short line fault simulation circuit in MATLAB. By adjusting the dielectric recovery characteristics of different breaks, the critical dielectric recovery rate (The minimum dielectric recovery rate of the break when the circuit breaker does not break down) under different conditions is finally obtained. In addition, the influence of the equalizing capacitor on the critical recovery rate is also explored. It is found that the smaller the grading capacitance, the greater the voltage of the break, and the greater the critical dielectric recovery rate.