bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Analysis of Asda-Sainsbury’s Merger/Acquisition
Authors: Fengyi Zhang
Published: May 2021

The merger of Sainsbury’s and Asda caused huge impacts on Britain retail industry. Since the announcement that J Sainsbury plc would acquire Asda for £ 7.5 billion was published in April, 2018, the changes in the UK grocery market have been discussed and questioned. And the grocery market in UK will be reordered without doubt. This essay firstly introduces Sainsbury by using Pestle model, then aims to figure out the type and the benefits of this M&A, analyze the market response and how investors react to this event in the first two parts. In the third and the last part, we aim to explain why the CMA blocked the merge.
The Influence of Economic Policy Uncertainty and Habit Formation on Rural Residents’ Consumption
Authors: Shuyue Chen
Published: May 2021

Based on the household survey data of rural residents in 30 provinces (cities, districts) of China from 1995 to 2019, this paper constructs an econometric model of farmers’ consumption behavior with habit formation and economic policy uncertainty, and makes an empirical analysis of farmers’ consumption behavior by using sys-gmm estimation method. The results show that: since the reform and opening up, the changes of Chinese farmers’ consumption behavior not only show excessive sensitivity to income changes on the whole, but also show a significant habit forming effect, and the existence of habit effect will reduce the impact of economic policy uncertainty on consumption; there is a large gap between regions, and the consumption in the western region is affected by the uncertainty of economic policy, the impact is greater. Therefore, the government should pay attention to the impact of economic shock on consumption, maintain the systematicness and stability of the policy, enhance the stability, continuity and accuracy of the policy, drive the development of the western region, build a long-term policy mechanism to promote the sustained and rapid increase of farmers’ income, and further change farmers’ consumption concept.
Past, Present, and Future: Research on the Influence of International Competition and Collaboration Relationship between US and China
Authors: Yutao Wang
Published: May 2021

‘America has no permanent friends or enemies, only interests’, by Henry Kissinger. US and China have become the usual pattern of new international trade as the top two economic entities since 2010. After former President Trump took over the chair, the trade conflict between the US and other countries, especially China, has been sharpened to increase domestic employment. A new era of international competition on the economy has grown invincibly in a brutal way.This paper states and analyzes the economic development and historical interactions between China and the US, standing from China’s perspective. Four-time periods are introduced in the paper for China’s progressing procedure: 1949-1978 pre-opening, 1979-2000 post-opening, 2001-2016 WTO period and focusing on the 2017-2021 deterioration. The methodology starting from industrial structure, trade deficit, monetary and fiscal policy. The key questions include; why China has faster growth, why the US tries to restrict China’s development, and its effective influence.The paper’s conclusion lies in the comprehensive prediction of the future economic relationship between China and the United States in the ongoing 50 years, yields to the world trade habits and potential international economic system revolution, demonstrated from three sectors: economic structure change and technical restrictions.
THE EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION OF GOAT’S MILK DEPENDING ON THE BREED OF GOATS
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, CHAMURLIEV Н.Г.
Published: May 2021

Experimental data on the milk production of goats of the Zaanen and Anglo-Nubian breeds in the conditions of the Lower Volga region are presented.
DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF EWES OF MEAT-AND-FAT DIRECTION
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, IBRAEV D.K.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the data on milk yield of ewes fat-meat breeds: Kazakh fat-tailed coarse-wooled and Kazakh fat-tailed semi-coarse-wooled breed. The study showed the average daily milk yield of ewes Kazakh fat-tailed coarse-wooled breed II and III lactation respectively 95 kg and 104 kg, Kazakh fat-tailed semi-coarse-wooled breed II and III lactation respectively 102 kg and 110 kg.
ABOUT QUALITY SERTIFIED WOOL
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, TIMOSHENKO N.K. N.K.
Published: May 2021

The article presents data on the quality of wool certifi ed by the Institute: its volumes, the yield of conditioned-pure mass, indicators of fiber diameter and contamination.
ANALYSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MODERN TECHNICAL SERVICE OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
Authors:   Federal Scientifi c Agroengineering Center VIM, IGNATOV VLADIMIR I. , KATAEV YURIY V. ,   Federal Scientifi c Agroengineering Center VIM, GERASIMOV VALERY S. ,   Federal Scientifi c Agroengineering Center VIM, ANDREEVA DARYA V. ,   Federal Scientifi c Agroengineering Center VIM
Published: May 2021

Taking into account the importance and necessity of establishing an eff ective repair and maintenance facilities for Russian farm industry, research was conducted on agricultural enterprises to analyze methods of organizing maintenance and repair, as well as technical and economic indicators of services that perform these types of activities in all regions of the country. The authors have determined quantitative composition of operating enterprises, the engineering staff , as well as a number of indicators characterizing their economic condition. It is noted that currently farm enterprises dealing with the repair and maintenance facilities do not meet modern requirements. The equipment fl eet is outdated and requires large amounts of maintenance and repair to maintain its operability. The repair and maintenance facilities cannot perform this task and need organizational and technical transformations that take into account the prospects for the transition of manufacturers to a new level of interaction with consumers in the medium term - the life cycle contract. The paper considers the methodology concerning the possibility of using the “Total Cost of Ownership” criterion in Russia, and the possibility of transition of agricultural machinery manufacturers to a life cycle contract. It is noted that the lack of information on the state of the farm repair and maintenance facilities makes it diffi cult to determine a criterion for the full cost of ownership and the subsequent transition manufacturers on a contract life cycle. The authors indicate that the effi ciency of the repair and maintenance facilities of the industry can be increased by raising the production of domestic agricultural machinery in the medium term in 1.5…2 times, developing in the short term a regulatory and legal framework to include maintenance and repair services related to the leased equipment in the list of additional activities of leasing companies. Also the list of measures includes making vehicle repair contracts with manufacturers, providing state support for establishing service centers in leasing companies, and ensuring the availability of information on the cost of operation and maintenance for the entire period of the equipment use, as well as scientifi c support and training.
TEACHING CAPABILITIES OF ROBOTIC VR- CONSTRUCTORS IN THE TRAINING PROGRAMS OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS FOR THE DOMESTIC FARM INDUSTRY
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, SIMBIRSKIKH ЕLENA S. , RACHEEV NIKITA O. NIKITA O. ,   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University
Published: May 2021

The paper discusses the didactic advantages and features of the use of such immersive technologies as “virtualconstructor” in the practical training of BSc students (training area 35.03.04 “Agricultural Engineering”) for the domestic farmindustry. VR-constructors are software products that fully emulate a virtual environment with a 360° view, the distinctive featureof which is to maximize the possibilities for interacting with virtual objects in terms of their study, movement and transformationof the object system. As applied to the training of agricultural engineers such systems of virtual objects can be represented by properlydesigned training mechanisms of engines, various irrigation systems in hydroponic installations or a specifi c soil profi le with itsindividual horizons. The authors conducted analysis of scientifi c literature, refl ecting the practice of the application of virtualreality technology to be used in the training of university students. The study has revealed the lack of precedents comprehensiveintroduction of VR technology as an eff ective learning tool in higher agricultural education in Russia and abroad. After conductingthe experiment based on a number of expert assessment methods, two VR software products of the “VR-constructor” type wereidentifi ed, which are recommended for implementation in course syllabi for BSc training in agricultural engineering in: “3D-cardfi le of soil sections” and “VR-atlas of agricultural machinery”. The study of the teaching capabilities of these curricula has statedthe need to change the traditional roles of the teacher and the student and the necessity for further scientifi cally-based introductionof university course syllabi of various levels to train more competitive and highly qualifi ed personnel for the innovative agriculture of Russia.
CONCEPT OF ’YAMDANSHTRA’ IN AYURVED AND RISE IN CASES OF COVID 19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Arora Nishi , Shrivastava Nidhi , Shrivastav Ravi
Published: May 2021

Upon observation of the steep rise in Covid cases patients all over the world, it seems to be clear that along with conventional methods for prevention and cure of this unpredictable disease, something more requires employment. This paper proposes that the concept of ’Yamdanshtra’ (described in Sharangdhar Samhita)1/ ”Ritusandhi”(described in Charak Samhita)2 is a viable solution. A specific ’diet modification pattern’(Padanshik Tyag vidhi) is recommended for better immunity. Detailed graphical studies have been shown about rela- tionship of the number of cases of Covid and the periods of Yamdanshtra or Ritusandhi(cusp between two seasons) in Bharat and three more countries viz. USA,UK and Russia. It was concluded in the study that a positive relation between Covid cases and transition periods can be established. In countries other than Bharat, the rise in Covid cases was present but not significant. It is hypothesized that that may be because the seasons do not show much differ- ence in climatic conditions or in other parameters. For Bharat, the Padanshik Tyag3 method of diet modification during transition periods may work,while other countries may prefer taking a lighter diet during them.
THE ORIGIN OF A NEW RELATIVITY. NO SENSE OF EINSTEIN'S PRINCIPLES OF RELATIVITY
Authors: Fernandes José Luís Pereira Rebelo
Published: May 2021

Based on the analysis of “The contraction of time under the action of a gravi- tational field, in different references at rest”, we conclude that space does not contract. In view of the result obtained, we were obliged to analyze the found- ing principles of Einstein’s theory of relativity, the dilation of time and the con- traction of space, the two principles, structural pillars of the whole theory of relativity.
We found problems in the model regarding the relativity of time in the direc- tion of displacement. It is proposed for the calculation of time in the stopped frame the contraction of time in the moving frame which is contrary to the model. We also analyzed Michelson-Morley’s experience and concluded that it does not respect the principle of time expansion for a K in the direction of dis- placement. Finally, we decided to look with double attention to the meaning of the expression of time dilation, concluding once again that space does not heal and that the principle to be retained is the constancy of space covered by ”light” in the equivalent times of all reference frames. We conclude that we have a new way of looking at physics, which will give rise to a new theory of relativity.
Ephesos Aziz Yuhanna Kilisesi’nden Phiale Örnekleri
Authors: MİMAROĞLU Sinan , KARABACAK Elif
Published: May 2021

1921 yılında başlayan G.A. Sotiriou kazıları ile yaklaşık 100 yıllık bir kazı geçmişini ardında bırakan Ayasuluk Tepesi ve St.Jean Anıtı Kazısı, her geçen gün yeni veriler sunmaya devam etmektedir. Bu veriler kimi zaman yeni buluntulardan sağlanmakta, kimi zaman ise daha önce gün yüzüne çıkarılmış mimari verilere yeni bir bakış açısıyla yaklaşılması sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bunlardan biri kilisenin Türk Dönemi’nde işlik olarak kullanılan batı haç kolunun bir bölümünde, bir zeytinyağı işliğinde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Batı haç kolu ile vaftizhane arasında yer alan koridorun doğusunda, devşirme olarak bir zeytinyağı işliğinde yeniden kullanılmış olan phiale, günümüze kadar yapılmış çalışmalarda yalnızca bu son işlevi ile yer almıştır. Tek bir yayında ise yalnızca bir havuz olarak tanımlanmış, orijinal işlevine ilişkin bir değerlendirme yapılmamıştır. Oysa söz konusu taş eleman burada yeniden, esas işlevi dışında kullanılmadan önce kilisenin içerisinde suyun kutsiyetine atıfta bulunularak günümüzde yer aldığı kurgudan çok farklı bir amaç için kullanılmış olmalıydı. Benzer uygulama yakın çevrede Ephesos Meryem Kilisesi’nde de görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda, Ayasuluk Tepesi’nde, Bizans Dönemi Batı Anadolu’sunun en önemli dini yapılarından olan Aziz Yuhanna Kilisesi’nde bulunan ve sonrasında aynı yapıda devşirme olarak kullanılmış olan phiale esas işlevi ile tanıtılarak, eldeki mevcut veriler ve literatür örnekleri ışığında yapıdaki kullanımı ile ilgili belirlediğimiz problemler tartışmaya açılacak ve çağdaşı olan benzer uygulamalar arasındaki yeri ve phialelerin kiliselerdeki kullanımları hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır.
Nano-design of Zeolites Biomass Wastes Valorization: Dehydration of Lactic Acid into Acrylic Acid
Authors: KURZYDYM Izabela , CZEKAJ Izabela
Published: May 2021

The valorization of waste from biomass currently arouses great interest. In the present study we concentrate on the design of innovative BEA zeolite catalysts with applied metal nanoparticles - copper, vanadium and manganese for the dehydration of lactic acid to acrylic acid. Th e ab initio method based on density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate the electron structure of the analyzed molecules. The non-local generalized gradient corrected functionals GGA-RPBE was used to in order to account for electron exchange and correlation. The cluster model was represented by a hierarchical zeolite M2Al2Si12O40H22 (M = Cu, V, Mn). Th e stabilization of the M-Ob-M dimer complex in the hierarchical structure of BEA, mechanism of adsorption of lactic acid on BEA zeolite with applied metal dimers and formation of acrylic acid on these zeolites were investigated. Th e examined metals form stable dimers interconnected by a bridge oxygen (Ob). Adsorption of lactic acid takes place in the vicinity of a dimer of M-Ob-M.The dehydration of lactic acid to acrylic acid in all cases consists in the separation of the hydroxyl group and creating a connection with a metal center of dimer and disconnection of a single hydrogen atom from the methyl group and its interaction with bridge oxygen of dimer.
Water Pollution Assessment of an Abandoned Copper Mine in Lasail, Sultanate of Oman
Authors: PALANIVEL Thenmozhi Murugaian , VICTOR Reginald
Published: May 2021

Abandoned mining sites are largely responsible for the release of heavy metals into water systems. This study assessed heavy metalsin the water collected from the mine sumps and bore-wells of an abandoned copper mine in Lasail, northern Oman. Other physiochemicalparameters of the water were also evaluated. The waters were extremely acidic with very high electrical conductivity.Aluminium (Al), boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) were in very high concentrations,well above the limits recommended by Oman and World Health Organisation (WHO) standards. The principal componentanalysis (PCA) explained 93% of the variability. The impact of mining on the water quality of Lasail area is presented and remediationmeasures are recommended.
The Contemporary Employee in the Creation of Organisational Culture in the Polish Mining Industry
Authors: SUKIENNIK Marta , BĄK Patrycja , KAPUSTA Mariusz
Published: May 2021

This paper describes the relationship between the employee and the organisational culture in a company. It places particular focuson the characteristics of today’s employees, resulting from the typology of current working generations and highlights the characteristicfeatures of baby boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y. The practical part of this paper characterises employees andHR policies of two groups operating in the mining industry – Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa SA and Lubelski Węgiel Bogdanka SA.
Analysing Data with the R Programming Language to Control Machine Operation
Authors: KĘSEK Marek
Published: May 2021

This article describes the benefits offered by the analysis of data from production processes. With the correct processing, such dataallows issues to be identified both within the analysed process and in the ways machines are used. The paper presents an initialanalysis of data from the fragmentation process in a hard coal mine using longwall shearers. The analysis is described using Rprogramming language functions.
A Study of the Design of Emotional Points in Speech Drafts Writing
Authors: Wang Siyi , Ma Xiaotian
Published: May 2021

As it’s known to all, language is produced before written words, and speeches are also produced before speech drafts. Speech is not a simple oral expression, but a kind of language art. Many masterpieces that have been handed down for thousands of years are based on reason and emotion, making use of true feelings to move broad masses of readers. However, in the current speech drafts writing, there are many problems, such as empty content, rigid form and affectation, which can not meet the multi-level needs of contemporary social discourse scenes. Therefore, this paper takes the “emotional points” as the starting point, and discusses it from different aspects on the basis of expounding its concept and history. At the same time, this paper briefly analyses the prospects and outlets of emotional points design in the current speech drafts writing.
Design and fabrication of a modified fish feed pelletizing machine
Authors: Orua Okon Antia  , Ubong Edet Assian  , Youngson N. Ukaru
Published: May 2021

Fish feed pelletizing machine was designed and fabricated with the aim to improve on existing local pelletizers; encourage local technology and local fish farmers who may be faced with no power supply. It mainly consists of the hopper, pelletizing chamber, frame, bolts and nuts, screw conveyor, cutting mechanism, pelletizing die plate and power transmission unit with dual operation mode. Performance evaluations of the improved pelletizing machine as well as existing machine were carried out and the results showed that both machines were able to produce pellets with 8 mm average diameter and 10 mm average length. The overall mean values of pelleting capacity, specific energy consumption and efficiency of improved and the existing pelletizing machines were 1.20 kg/min, 0.010 kWh/kg and 97.09%; 0.89 kg/min, 0.014 kWh/kg and 75%, respectively. These imply that the improved pelletizing machine could produce a ton of feeds for a 14-hour daily operation and consume approximately 10 kWh of energy as compared to the existing pelletizing machine that would consume 14 kWh. The capacity of the improved pelletizing machine is quite better than the existing pelletizing machine. The improved pelletizing machine efficiency obtained is quite impressive as only about 2.91% of the feed mix might be lost as compared to 25% lost by the existing pelletizing machine. Therefore, the improved fish feed pelletizing machine is recommended for use by small-scale fish feed mill as the existing pelletizers have comparable higher losses couple with lower efficiency.
Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of traditional white soft cheese (Gibna bayda) supplemented with commercial starter culture
Authors: Abdulaziz Yahya Al-Ghamdi  , Hanaa Mohammed Abbas Salih  , Mohamed Osman Mohamed Abdalla
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of starter culture addition on the characteristics of raw milk white cheese (Gibna bayda).The cheese was made from raw warmed (45°C) milk, and the starter culture (2% w/v) was added to the first treatment (T1), while no starter culture was added to the second treatment (T2). After the manufacture, cheese was cut into cubes and kept in the brine solution (2% w/v) for 24 hours, followed by storing without whey at 5°C for 45 days. Microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics were evaluated at 1, 15, 30, and 45-day intervals. Results showed that total viable bacteria [TVB] (log10 6.73 cfu/gm), Staphylococcus aureus (log10 2.15 cfu/gm), Escherichia coli (log10 1.11 cfu/gm) and yeasts and moulds (log10 6.21 cfu/gm) counts were high in T2 cheese. TVB significantly decreased during the ripening period, while the other microorganisms increased. Fat (25.28%) and total solids (44.27%) were high in T1, while protein (18.44%), moisture (55.77), ash (6.51%), and acidity (0.59%) were high in T2. All physicochemical characteristics except fat were significantly influenced by the ripening period. Taste and body scored best in T1, while the rest of the sensory attributes scored best in T2. All sensory properties were significantly affected by the ripening period except the colour. The study concluded that the use of the starter culture improved the microbiological quality and sensory properties of traditional Sudanese white cheese, which might make this starter culture suitable for this type of cheese.
An overview of characterizations and applications of proniosomal drug delivery system
Authors: Minakshee G. Nimbalwar  , Bhushan R. Gudalwar  , Wrushali A. Panchale  , Ashish B. Wadekar  , Jagdish V. Manwar  , Ravindra L. Bakal
Published: May 2021

Proniosomal drug delivery system is a stable provesicular system in nanotechnology to overcome the drawbacks associated with other vesicular systems. These are water-soluble pro-vesicular drug carriers coated with a non-ionic surfactant which on hydration give niosomes. The system is encapsulated and shows a systemic and targeted delivery of poorly soluble drugs with increased bioavailability and decreased side effects. Here we have covered characterizations and applications of the proniosomal drug delivery system.
Antibacterial activity of Piper betle ethanolic extract against ESBL producing Escherichia coli in sepsis induced BALB/c mice
Authors: Shod Abdurrachman Dzulkarnain  , Irene Ratridewi  , Vanianissa Hanareta Hantoko  , Yessy Chairani Puspita Sari  , Dewi Santosaningsih
Published: May 2021

Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by dysregulation of immune response towards systemic infection with high incidence and mortality rate. Innovative breakthrough is required to manage sepsis especially extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) induced sepsis. Utilization of Piper betle extract to manage sepsis could be considered as an alternative therapy and should be proven scientifically so meropenem utilization could be reduced. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Piper betle ethanolic extract in BALB/c mice infected with ESBL producing E. coli. We identified terpene, apiol, polyphenol, eugenol, myristicin, flavonoid, safrole, lynalil acetate, and allyl tetramethoxy benzene in the Piper betle ethanolic extract using thin layer chromatography. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the Piper betle ethanolic extract against ESBL producing E. coli was 3 mg/mL assessed using broth dilution method. We evaluated the effect of Piper betle ethanolic extract to the survival rate of BALB/c mice infected with ESBL producing E. coli. The single dose administration of Piper betle ethanolic extract prolonged the survival rate of the infected BALB/c mice for 6 hours.
MATLAB analysis and simulink model for amplitude modulation technique
Authors: G.N Kareem  , G.A Gbotoso  , S.O Omogoye
Published: May 2021

Communication plays an indispensable part in several facets of the human existence. To communicate or transmit information over a long distance, modulation is required. This paper presents amplitude modulation (A.M) in which the amplitude of the carrier is altered in accordance to the input (message) signal, while we keep the frequency constant. The modulated signal (carrier) contains the spectral components which is in the frequency domain analysis. The key concept and principle of A.M are presented with several illustrations with MATLAB and Simulink model to make it easier to understand.
Investigation the effects of varicocelectomy on sex hormones levels and semen parameters
Authors: Fatemeh Soheili  , Mohamad Falahati
Published: May 2021

Background: Varicocelectomy is a type of surgery for varicocele treatment. This may recover fertility properties in males through improvement in semen parameters as well as sexual hormones. In this study, the role of varicocelectomy with focus on semen properties and sexual hormones have been assessed. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, before- after data from fifteen patients with different varicocele grade, regarding to varicocelectomy have been compared. Result: After varicocelectomy, a significant improvement in some semen parameters such as motility and concentration has been showed. However, among sexual hormones, only testosterone has been increased after surgical intervention (p=0.007). Conclusion: Based on our knowledge, varicocele treatment may almost improve fertility potential in males significantly. Accordingly, it seems that varicocelectomy has positive effect on parameters such as testosterone and serum FSH levels as well as sperm count and motility. Therefore, it could be concluded that varicocelectomy is an effective approach to improve male fertility and sexual disorders.
Методика кількісного обґрунтування динаміки необхідного рівня бойових спроможностей Повітряних Сил на середньостроковій та довгостроковій перспективі
Authors: Дроздов С.С. , Леонтьєв О.Б. , Науменко М.В.
Published: May 2021

Запропоновано удосконалену методику кількісного обґрунтування необхідного рівня бойових спроможностей Повітряних Сил Збройних Сил України з урахуванням динаміки кількісно-якісного складу повітряного противника на середньостроковій та довгостроковій перспективі розвитку його системи озброєння. Методика призначена для використання в системі довгострокового та середньострокового оборонного планування на основі спроможностей для обґрунтування програм та планів розвитку системи озброєння та військової техніки зенітних ракетних військ та тактичної авіації. На відміну від відомих методичних підходів, дана методика враховує вплив на зміну необхідного рівня спроможностей максимально можливих темпів постачання у війська повітряного противника новітнього озброєння та військової техніки, що обмежується не тільки факторами обсягів фінансування ним програм та планів розвитку своїх сил, а й максимальними виробничо-технологічними можливостями промисловості противника щодо темпів серійного виробництва новітніх високотехнологічних зразків. Це дозволяє більш ґрунтовно та адекватно визначати терміни своєчасного реагування державою на зростання воєнної загрози, визначати пріоритети та раціональніше розподіляти видатки за часом на потреби оборони. Методичною основою кількісного оцінювання можливого темпу серійного виробництва новітнього високотехнологічного озброєння та військової техніки повітряного противника є використання сукупності математичних моделей, що побудовані на обробці статистичної науково-технічної інформації світового рівня та являють собою формалізований зв'язок значення максимального можливого темпу серійного виробництва багатоцільових винищувачів від узагальнених показників їх бойових властивостей, а також залежності цих показників від ряду тактико-технічних характеристик, що визначають бойові властивості зразка щодо вирішення бойових завдань за призначенням. Необхідний рівень спроможностей пропонується визначати на основі використання методу бойових потенціалів, шляхом встановлення відповідності частки бойового потенціалу зенітних ракетних військ та тактичної авіації, що може бути реалізованою в кожному визначеному сценарії застосування повітряної компоненти об’єднаних сил по кожному оперативному (бойовому) завданню,  потрібному рівню нанесення противнику неприйнятного збитку. Результатом практичного застосування запропонованої методики є залежності кількісних оцінок рівня необхідних спроможностей від часу на всій глибині довгострокового оборонного планування.
Сукупність показників для оцінювання прогнозованої ефективності застосування сил і засобів маскування для захисту військових об’єктів від технічних засобів повітряної розвідки та наведення зброї противника
Authors: Коваль В.В.
Published: May 2021

Аналіз локальних війн та збройних конфліктів сучасності переконливо свідчить про зростання ролі заходів маскування для захисту військових об’єктів від технічних засобів повітряної розвідки та наведення зброї противника. У статті запропоновано сукупність показників для оцінювання прогнозованої ефективності застосування сил і засобів маскування, застосування яких дозволяє здійснити порівняльне оцінювання можливих варіантів формування їх складу та визначити ступень досягнення мети проведених заходів маскування в операціях (бойових діях).
Пріоритетний розвиток технологічного базису –основа розвитку зенітного ракетногоозброєння в Україні
Authors: Генов Б.А. , Лук’янчук В.В. , Ніколаєв І.М.
Published: May 2021

На основі аналізу світових тенденцій розвитку технологій обґрунтовується структура технологічного базису, необхідного для створення і виробництва в Україні сучасних систем (комплексів) зенітного ракетного озброєння. Показано, що основу цього технологічного базису складають сукупності продуктових і виробничих технологій, які визначають обрис складових частин (бойових і технічних засобів) зенітного ракетного озброєння, мають складну структуру і базуються на досягненнях науково-технічного прогресу у різних галузях знань. На прикладі зенітної ракетної системи середньої дальності показано, що до складу технологічного базису мають входити технології створення радіолокаційних і командно-управляючих засобів, пускових установок, базових шасі, зенітних керованих ракет. Наведені основні напрями розвитку технологічного базису і визначені критичні технології, розвиток яких дозволить створити науково-технологічні заділи, які можуть бути покладені в основу розробки і виробництва в України перспективних систем (комплексів) зенітного ракетного озброєння наступного покоління.
El principio arcóntico del patrimonio. Origen, transformaciones y desafíos de los procesos
Authors: Salge Manuel
Published: May 2021

Este libro estudia cómo el discurso del patrimonio desencadena mecanismos de inclusión y exclusión a través de los cuales el Estado construye su proyecto nacional y cómo las comunidades se valen de él para anclar sus luchas sociales. El principio arcóntico del patrimonio visibiliza las tensiones y las diferentes agendas estéticas, históricas y políticas que enfrentan a los actores institucionales con los sujetos de la política patrimonial en cuatro diferentes contextos en Colombia: el Carnaval de Barranquilla espectacularizado y comercializado, que segrega y jerarquiza el acceso a la fiesta; un corregimiento como San Basilio de Palenque, donde la frustración y la desconfianza se vuelven norma ante la imposibilidad de transitar a sistemas productivos con base cultural; el Carnaval de Negros y Blancos, que por cuenta de la burocracia ha olvidado a un segmento de sus actores; y las procesiones religiosas en Popayán, que son el testimonio del monopolio de una institución frente a una creencia popular.
A prisão preventiva para a garantia da ordem pública como dispositivo de controle necropolítico
Authors: Cardoso Cristina Leite Lopes
Published: May 2021

Este livro, fruto da pesquisa desenvolvida por sua autora em sede de doutoramento junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia e Direito da Universidade Federal Fluminense, é um dos trabalhos mais bonitos que tive não só a grata oportunidade de ler e ter como referência acadêmica, mas, também de acompanhar seu desenvolvimento. Escrito por um ser humano fantástico, a quem tenho a imensa felicidade de ter como amiga, o livro reflete toda a sensibilidade de sua autora. Cristina Cardoso, professora de processo penal, militante de direitos humanos e pesquisadora de filosofia política, sabe, parafraseando seu avô que, do outro lado do processo penal tem gente e que gente sente! Da leitura desta obra que entendo fundamental, o leitor extrairá não só dados e questões jurídicas, mas, também, reflexões interdisciplinares atravessadas pelo zelo de quem deseja mudar a realidade então analisada e sedimenta sua contribuição com pensamento de intelectuais negros, autores decoloniais, filósofos e sociólogos de distintas procedências e grandes juristas. Também estão contidos aqui saberes trocados com seus alunos, presos entrevistados em sua pesquisa de mestrado, colegas e professores entusiastas de seu trabalho, enfim, por gente que sente como a gente e que enche de potência e beleza cada linha desta obra.
Territórios, Territorialidades e Lutas Sociais na Amazônia Oriental
Authors: Santos Luciano Laurindo dos
Published: May 2021

The book discusses the study of territorialities in the Bico do Papagaio mesoregion. New forces and strategies have been emerging as power forces and have inserted themselves in the region. This process is happening due to the creation of public policies and through cultural representations that go beyond state frontiers, promoting the relationship between states and creating a mesoregional unity. This book shows that there are many interrelations of power territoriality involving subjects with different identities of territory, companies, and the Brazilian State, through programs, projects, public policies and the work of public institutions. Specially after the beginning of the military dictatorship, the thinking of the Brazilian State about territory matters is one that has been making plans to and actually using this territory for purposes that are almost always related to the production of commodities. As a result of the actions of the Brazilian State in this territory, it’s possible to observe certain domains (mining companies, hydroelectric plants, livestock farms) working their territorialities with the aim to profit from the exhaustive exploration of the Empreso Brás territory. On the other hand, there are the Landless Workers' Movement (MST) and the quilombolas (descendants of Afro-Brazilian fugitive slaves) who have a completely different approach. Through the years these territorialities produced many collective strategies of power. All these strategies – unions, associations, cooperations, education - are connected to social networks which go beyond the Bico do Papagaio territory. They produce a unique territory, with territorialities and subjects who over the decades, in solidarity, have been empowering themselves to resist the transformations that the Brazilian State makes to the territory, transformations that are in line with the objectives of the national and international capital.
Ensaios teóricos (Filosofia, Política e Direito)
Authors: Zaidan Filho Michel , Neri Edlene Maria
Published: May 2021

This small book studies the work of Marxist authors and Brazilian authors.
TRANSTORNOS DE APRENDIZAGEM: em foco a Dislexia
Authors: Gonçalves Araújo Ana Claudia
Published: May 2021

O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os transtornos de
aprendizagem, tendo como foco a Dislexia. Para a sua realização tomamos como base
livros e artigos que abarcam a temática. Nosso objetivo foi conhecer melhor sobre os
transtornos de aprendizagem, como identifica-los dentro das escolas e de que maneira
realizar intervenções. Em nossa investigação localizamos distinções nas terminologias e
na origem da Dislexia. Percebeu-se que o diagnóstico precoce é a melhor forma para
evitar problemas futuros. Entretanto, para isso, vê-se como necessárias ações da escola
para a formação dos professores; a melhoria na formação inicial e a autoformação
docente; e a participação efetiva da família no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Differential expression of junctional adhesion molecule 2 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding junctional adhesion molecule 2, JAM2, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. JAM2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of JAM2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with luminal A and luminal B subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. JAM2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
The influence of rock uplift rate on the formation and preservation of individual marine terraces during multiple sea level stands
Authors: Malatesta Luca , Finnegan Noah , Huppert Kimberly , Carreño Emily
Published: May 2021

Marine terraces are a cornerstone for the study of paleo sea level and crustal deformation. Commonly, individual erosive marine terraces are attributed to unique sea level high-stands. This stems from early reasoning that erosive marine platforms could only be significantly widened at the beginning of an interglacial. However, this implies that wave erosion is insignificant during the vast majority of sea level history. Here, we postulate that the total duration of sea level occupation at a bedrock elevation is a proxy for the erosion potential. The total duration of sea level occupation (hence wave erosion) depends strongly on rock uplift rate. Certain rock uplift rates may promote the generation and preservation of particular terraces while others prevent it. The elevations and widths of terraces eroded during specific sea level stands may vary widely from site to site and depend on local rock uplift rate. This leads to potential misidentification of terraces if each terrace in a sequence is assumed to form uniquely at successive interglacial high stands and to reflect their elevations. Representing a proxy for the entire erosion potential of sea level history allows us to address creation/preservation biases at different rock uplift rates.
Geochemical signatures of rare earth elements and yttrium in the vicinity of an ion-adsorption type deposit: roles of source sediment control
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Guo Huaming , Pourret Olivier , Liu Maohan , Wang Zhen , Zhang Weimin , Li Zebing , Gao Bai , Sun Zhanxue , Laine Pierre
Published: May 2021

The elevated concentrations of rare earth elements (REE) and yttrium (REE+Y) in acid mine drainage (AMD) constitute an opportunity for REE+Y recovery. However, the source and control of REE+Y signatures in AMD remains uncertain. Water, rock, sediment and sludge samples were collected from an ion-adsorption rare earth mining area to investigate REE+Y concentration and fractionation patterns in AMD. High concentrations of REE+Y occur in the pristine mine water (MW), and decrease progressively with MW passing through nitrification-denitrification (NDT) and coagulating-precipitation (CPT) treatment procedures in a water treatment plant. Concentrations of REE+Y are 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher in MW, NDT and CPT samples than those in well water (WW), and are negatively correlated (R2 0.72) with pH (3.8 to 8.7), suggesting that an enhanced acidic dissolution of minerals contributes REE+Y to AMD from the source area. Speciation calculation indicates that REE+Y are mainly free ions and sulfate complexes in MW and NDT samples, while carbonato and dicarbonato complexes in CPT samples. Normalized REE+Y patterns of water samples show a coherent enrichment of heavy REE (HREE) over light REE (LREE) and negative Ce anomalies. HREE-enriched patterns and Ce anomalies are kept relatively constant in MW, NDT and CPT samples, despite their huge disparity in REE+Y concentrations, indicating a limited impact of preferential precipitation of LREE over HREE on REE+Y fractionations. The HREE-enriched patterns possessed by AMD are similar to those of sediment samples, while are distinct from whole rocks. These behaviors suggest a major role of sediment source in controlling REE+Y concentrations and patterns in AMD. Results of XRD show abundance of muscovite, kaolinite and feldspar in sediments. Combining to SEM-EDS examinations, minerals such as kaolinite, schwertmannite (Fe16O16(SO4)3(OH)6(H2O)10·10H2O) and ferrihydrite are suggested to be the main hosts of REE+Y in sediments. Hence, HREE-enriched patterns of AMD result from preferential leaching of HREE from sediments which accumulate REE+Y after being initially mobilized from rocks under the conditions prevailing in mine site. The free form and sulfate complexation preserves REE+Y patterns and facilitates REE+Y mobility in the AMD system. Based on the plant treatment capacity, the potentially recoverable LREE and HREE are calculated to range between 1116 g/day and 3373 g/day, and between 1288 g/day and 3764 g/day, respectively.
The Magnitude of the Sound-Induced Flash Illusion Does Not Increase Monotonically as a Function of Visual Stimulus Eccentricity
Authors: Gavin Niall , Hirst Rebecca , McGovern David
Published: May 2021

The sound-induced flash illusion occurs when a rapidly presented visual stimulus is accompanied by two auditory stimuli, creating the illusory percept of two visual stimuli. While much research has focused on how the temporal proximity of the audiovisual stimuli impacts susceptibility to the illusion, comparatively less research has been dedicated to investigating the impact of spatial manipulations. Here, we aimed to assess whether manipulating the eccentricity of visual flash stimuli altered the properties of the temporal binding window associated with the SIFI. Twenty participants were required to report whether they perceived one or two flashes that were concurrently presented with one or two beeps. Visual stimuli were presented at one of four different retinal eccentricities (2.5, 5, 7.5 or 10 degrees below fixation) and audiovisual stimuli were separated by one of eight stimulus-onset asynchronies. In keeping with previous findings, increasing stimulus-onset asynchrony between the auditory and visual stimuli led to a marked decrease in susceptibility to the illusion allowing us to estimate the width and amplitude of the temporal binding window. However, varying the eccentricity of the visual stimulus had no effect on either the width or the peak amplitude of the temporal binding window, with a similar pattern of results observed for both the “fission” and “fusion” variants of the illusion. Thus, spatial manipulations of the audiovisual stimuli used to elicit the SIFI appear to have a weaker effect on the integration of sensory signals than temporal manipulations, a finding which has implications for neuroanatomical models of multisensory integration.
What interventions can decrease or increase belief polarisation in a population of rational agents?
Authors: Howe Piers , Perfors Andrew , Ransom Keith
Published: May 2021

In many situations where people communicate (e.g., Twitter, Facebook etc), people self-organise into ‘echo chambers’ of like-minded individuals, with different echo chambers espousing very different beliefs. Why does this occur? Previous work has demonstrated that such belief polarisation can emerge even when all agents are completely rational, as long as their initial beliefs are heterogeneous and they do not automatically know who to trust. In this work, we used agent-based simulations to further investigate the mechanisms for belief polarisation. Our work extended previous work by using a more realistic scenario. In this scenario, we found that previously proposed methods for reducing belief polarisation did not work but we were able to find a new method that did. However, this same method could be reversed by adversarial entities to increase belief polarisation. We discuss how this danger can be best mitigated and what theoretical conclusions be drawn from our findings.
The Diagnosis of Substance Use Disorder Over the Past Century: Implications for Addiction Counselors
Authors: Rensi Matthew , Dykeman Cass
Published: May 2021

The substance use treatment field relies heavily on the DSM as its guide to diagnosis of substance use disorders, yet many are unaware of the history of the DSM and how it has changed over time. This study utilized a diachronic corpus linguistics approach to study the substance use subsections of both the diagnostic manuals that served as the precursors to the DSM as well as the various editions of the DSM. The results show that while the overall size of the substance use sections has increased drastically, their word use frequency has not changed. This has implications for how substance use disorders are taught, how clinicians diagnose, and how future versions of the DSM might look.
Let's talk (efficiently) about us: Person systems achieve near-optimal compression
Authors: Zaslavsky Noga , Maldonado Mora , Culbertson Jennifer
Published: May 2021

Systems of personal pronouns (e.g., 'you' and 'I') vary widely across languages, but at the same time not all possible systems are attested. Linguistic theories have generally accounted for this in terms of strong grammatical constraints, but recent experimental work challenges this view. Here, we take a novel approach to understanding personal pronoun systems by invoking a recent information-theoretic framework for semantic systems that predicts that languages efficiently compress meanings into forms. We find that a test set of cross-linguistically attested personal pronoun systems achieves near-optimal compression, supporting the hypothesis that efficient compression shapes semantic systems. Further, our best-fitting model includes an egocentric bias that favors a salient speaker representation, accounting for a well-known typological generalization of person systems ('Zwicky's Generalization') without the need for a hard grammatical constraint.