bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction of Tannin from Jamblang Leaves (Syzigium cumini) with Ethanol Solvent to Reduce Phenols in Phenol-Formaldehyde in Wood Adhesives
Authors: Aprilia Sri , Bakar Abu , Fajria Gebrina Rezky , Yuni Elza , Amin Amri , Fitriani Fitriani , Bilad Muhammad Roil
Published: October 2024

Phenol formaldehyde is one of the adhesives often used in wood processing, such as panels, particle boards, fiberboards, plywood, and others. However, the implementation of phenol formaldehyde adhesive has been greatly limited because of its non-renewability and toxicity. Modifying phenol formaldehyde adhesives is needed to reduce formaldehyde emission by adding tannin to the adhesive mixture. This study aims to extract tannin compounds from Java plum leaves with ethanol as a solvent for adhesive mixture. The adhesive implementation on plywood was also prepared, with various tannin content in the range of 10%-50%. The obtained data from tannin extraction from Java plum leaves are tannin yield, functional groups, total phenolic content, viscosity, and compressive test on plywood. The highest tannin yield and content are 46.70% and 27.88 mg/L, respectively, obtained at the weight ratio 1:5. At the same time, products of tannin-phenol formaldehyde have a viscosity as SNI 1987 standards for wood adhesives, namely in the range of 0.68-0.71 poise, while the result of the compressive strength is in the range of 0.02-0.05 N/mm2 and has met the requirement of SNI 1998 standards. Therefore, the tannin from Java plum leaves is a promising substitution of phenol in phenol formaldehyde in some aspects of the wood processing industry.
The Use of Papaya Seeds (Carica papaya L.) as a Biocoagulant in the Dairy Industry Liquid Waste Treatment Process with the Coagulation-Flocculation Method
Authors: Riananda Zavira , Wirosoedarmo Ruslan , Suharto Bambang
Published: October 2024

Dairy industry discharges wastewater characterized by high values of Total Suspended Solid and turbidity. The waste is commonly processed using chemical coagulants which negatively impact human’s health and the environment. Papaya seeds can be used as a coagulant as their positively charged proteins that can bind the negatively charged particles allowing the resulting floc to settle and clear water to be obtained. The goals of this study are to determine the characteristics of the dairy industry wastewater before and after flocculation coagulation, the characteristics papaya seed biocoagulant, the effect of the biocoagulant’s dosses, particle sizes, and stirring speed on the turbidity and the Total Suspended Solid of the dairy industry wastewater, and the performance of the biocoagulants in processing the dairy industry waste using Sludge Volume Index and Sludge Mass. The treatments applied in this research are in terms of doses (250 mg, 500 mg, and 750 mg), particle sizes (60,120, and 230 mesh), fast stirring speeds (120 rpm, 180rpm, 200 rpm for 1 minute), and slow stirring speeds (10 rpm, 30rpm, and 50 rpm for 20 minutes) all of which were expected to reduce the waste’s turbidity and the number of Total Suspended Solid. This study finds that the treatment with the highest reduction of Total Suspended Solid is D3P3KP2, which decreased turbidity from 754 NTU to 92 NTU. The treatment with the highest reduction of Total Suspended Solid was D3P3KP2 which decrease the Total Suspended Solid from 124 mg/L to 79 mg/L. The performance of the papaya seed biocoagulant of D3P3KP2 treatment is considered good as the acquired highest value of the Sludge Volume Index is 83.13 ml/g and as the procured lowest value of the Sludge Mass is 81.48%.
Utilization of Waste Banana Peels and Corn Cobs as Substrates in Neurospora sitophila Fermentation for Production of Natural Yellow Dyes
Authors: Ramadhani Aida Nur , Ruwaidah Listia Aulia , Rahman Halimah Madania , Nisa Nadya Khoirun , Septiya Intan , Kwartiningsih Endang
Published: October 2024

In the current situation, biomass gasification has become a major interest in producing clean energy and green chemicals. By gasification, the biomass can be converted to synthetic gas (syngas) for many purposes. However, syngas with high tar content can cause pipeline fouling and disturb the operation of downstream equipment. To reduce tar content, a two-series wet scrubber was installed for syngas cleaning produced by palm kernel shell gasification. Firstly, the gasification is operated at a temperature range of 500 – 600oC and 700 – 800oC to determine the conditions where the lowest tar syngas is produced. After that, the wet scrubber is installed with a variety of solvents including isopropyl alcohol, water, used cooking oil, and used lubricating oil. The results show that the lowest tar syngas was produced at a temperature of 800oC with a tar yield of 0.165 g/kg biomass. Meanwhile, in the same condition, isopropyl alcohol delivers the most substantial impact on tar removal efficiency, whereas used lubricating oil results in less impact. The use of isopropyl alcohol resulted in 99.25% tar removal effectiveness while lubricating oil yielded just 50.32%.
Production of Rubber Seed Oil: Study of Parameters and some Food Oil Properties
Authors: Yuniar Rizka Ayu , Pusfitasari Memik Dian , Kumalaningrum Amalia Nur , Malcheli Etni Jechonia , Saleha Shela , Silmina Silmina
Published: October 2024

Rubber seeds are one of the plantation commodities that are underutilized by the Indonesian people, apart from being the generative seeds of rubber trees. Rubber seeds have a reasonably high vegetable oil content of 68.53% with a carbohydrate content of 6.99%, protein content of 17.41%, and ash content of 3.08%. This study aimed to obtain food oil from rubber seeds with fewer chemicals and more affordable production costs. This study investigates the properties of food oil from rubber seeds and analyzes the cyanide content. The oil extracted using the traditional method yielded an 8.48% oil content. The rubber seeds were soaked for four days with rice husk charcoal (1:1) to reduce cyanide levels, followed by cooking to obtain the oil and bleaching with bentonite for purification. The oil was characterized according to Indonesian National Standards (SNI), assessing cyanide content, organoleptic properties, water content, acid values, and peroxide numbers. The resulting oil had a density of 0.87 g/cm³ and a cyanide content of 0.54 ppm. The tests showed a water content of 0.04%, an acid value of 0.4 mg NaOH/g, and organoleptic properties that met SNI standards. However, the peroxide value of 13.5 meq O2/kg was slightly above the standard, making the oil non-edible.
Kotitalousopetus – valmiuksia nuorten arkeen ja muuttuvaan maailmaan
Authors: Kauppinen Eila , Janhonen-Abruquah Hille , Anttila Sonja , Haapaniemi Janni , Hjälmeskog Karin , Janhonen-Abruquah Hille , Kauppinen Eila , Kontio Hanna , Kontio Hanna , Lavonen Liisa , Malin Anne , Oikarinen Kati , Paas Kristi , Peters Sofie , Pipping-Ekström Marianne , Pöntinen Silpa Maria , Soljanto Helena , Taar Jaana , Venäläinen Salla
Published: October 2024

Kotitaloustiede ja kotitalouspedagogiikka vahvistavat arjessa pärjäämisen valmiuksia ja yhteiskunnallista osaamista. Kotitalousosaaminen rakentaa lasten ja nuorten elämän perustaa heidän kasvaessaan aikuisiksi riippumatta yhteiskunnallisesta tai poliittisesta järjestelmästä.
Kotitalouspedagogiikan kehittäminen peruskoulussa, aikuisopetuksessa ja kor­kea-asteen koulutuksessa on ollut professori Päivi Palojoen johtaman Helsingin yliopiston Kasvatustieteellisen tie­dekunnan Ruoka, kulttuuri ja oppiminen -tutkimusryhmän keskiössä vuosi­kymmenten ajan. Nyt julkaistava kirja Kotitalousopetus – valmiuksia nuorten arkeen ja muuttuvaan maailmaan juhlistaa professori Palojoen mittavaa uraa ja merkkipäivää.
Juhlakirjassa kotitalousoppiainetta ja -opetusta tarkastellaan kymmenessä artikkelissa, joiden kirjoittajat ovat kotitaloustieteen ja -pedagogiikan tutkijoita ja opettajia Suomesta, Ruotsista ja Virosta. Kotitalousopetuksen tarkastelu eri maiden näkökulmista pohjautuu vuosikymmeniä jatkuneeseen yhteistyöhön kotitalousopettajakoulutuksessa Suomen, Ruotsin ja Viron välillä. Yhtäältä kirjan artikkeleissa tutkitaan kotitalousopetuksen uuden opetussuunnitelman mukaisia lähtökohtia ja käytäntöjä. Toisaalta kotitalousopetusta tarkastellaan historiallisesta perspektiivistä, katsoen tulevaisuuteen ja paneutuen kotitalousopettajaksi opiskelevien näkökulmiin. Kirja jakautuu kolmeen osaan siten, että ensimmäisessä osassa ovat suomenkieliset, toisessa ruotsinkieliset ja kolmannessa englanninkieliset artikkelit. Kirja julkaistaan ensin verkkojulkaisuja ja painettu julkaisu on saatavissa myöhemmin.
Utilizing 3D Model and Comparison Software Tools in Improving Assessment Methods: A Pilot Study
Authors: Thompson Michelle Aguilos , Sly Marilia Mattos , Gonzalez Maria de Lourdes , Patel Shalizeh Azizi
Published: October 2024

Purpose/Objectives: This manuscript investigates the effectiveness of computer-assisted design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology in preclinical dental education. The COVID-19 pandemic created a need for remote teaching approaches. In preclinical fixed prosthodontics courses, traditional evaluation methods rely on faculty to visually grade laboratory projects utilizing rubrics and 2D images. Assessment and feedback vary amongst faculty, and faculty calibration has been inconsistent in reducing intra-and inter-rater variability. This study aimed to compare faculty assessment of student full coverage crown (FCC) preparations traditionally versus digitally through 3D model visual assessment and/or comparative analysis software reports.
Methods: Eighteen UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry faculty participated, each randomly assigned into one of three assessment groups: traditional visual Group (TV), 3D Group (3D), and 3D visual assessment supplemented with comparative analysis software report (3D+) Group. Faculty graded the same eight lithium disilicate typodont preparations for all three assessment groups.
Results: Survey results showed the ease of use and efficiency among the three assessment methods varied significantly. Grading scores revealed that axial wall reduction significantly differed among the three assessment methods.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the combination of the two digital assessment methods can overcome the limitations of traditional evaluation methods and digital methods alone by providing objective feedback to students and enhancing their learning experience.
Digital Learning and Work Readiness among Marginalized Women
Authors: Ajisuksmo Clara Rosa Pudijiyogyanti
Published: October 2024

In the era of information communication and technology, all aspects of human life are influenced by ICT. In general, the aim of this research is to identify the readiness of marginalized youth in relation to the use of ICT (knowledge, attitudes, and preferences) in the workplace. The research was conducted in three marginalized communities in three provinces in Indonesia, namely 1) Kalibaru in North Jakarta, 2) Getasan in Semarang Regency, Central Java, and 3) Sekotong in West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. This research applies a quantitative approach by conducting a household survey and a youth survey, and a qualitative approach by conducting a series of focus group discussions. The household survey participants were 220 families, and in the youth survey, the participants were 220 youth aged 18-29 years. Questionnaires are used in household and youth surveys. For FGD, an FGD protocol was developed. The results of this research indicate that youth unemployment is considered an important policy in Indonesia. Certification for internships is important to recognize the qualifications and skills of the employees trained and mentored in the company. In addition, considering the limited number of job opportunities in the market, the intense competition, and the limited skills and education of marginalized young people, it seems important to encourage young people to become entrepreneurs. Data obtained from the field shows that only one-third of the participants in this study had attended vocational courses or training provided by any training provider. One of the reasons is that the distance between where they live and the training location is far, while transportation costs are not covered by the training provider. Apart from that, parents also forbid teenagers, especially girls, from going far outside the village to take part in job training. This study shows that young people understand the existence of differences in gender treatment in the workplace. The difference lies in the position of the worker, the regulations, and the salary/wages given to the worker.Men are expected to have higher positions, heavier work responsibilities, and higher salaries/wages than women. There are also gendered jobs, such as sewing and hairdressing for women, while technical jobs are reserved for men. The causes of this segregation are largely rooted in a patriarchal culture that places men as superior. This research shows that the participants have gadgets to communicate with each other. However, only a few of them use sophisticated gadgets to carry out online trading, which can be caused by a lack of knowledge and skills in digital trading and marketing, as well as online management and supply chains. This means that people have sophisticated gadgets just to communicate on social media and play games just to fill their time. They do not use it for economic activities.
Chronicle of the conference "Linguistic and discursive creativity of homo Loquens: the modern worldin the languages of Russia, East and West”
Authors: Nikolaeva O.V. , Kokhan I.N.
Published: October 2024

On January 18-22, 2022, the First All-Russian Conference with international participation "Linguistic and discursive creativity of Homo loquens: The modern world in the languages of Russia, East and West" was held on the basis of the Oriental Institute - School of Regional and International Studies of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia. The material for the research presented at the conference wase the means of expressing linguistic creativity in many languages, including those of different structures: Russian, English, German, Spanish, French, Greek, Korean, Chinese and Japanese. In the presentations of the plenary speakers, important theoretical issues were developed: the methodology for the research field of linguocreativity, the multidimensional nature of the phenomenon and the problems of determining the parameters of linguistic creativity, the classification of its levels, types and kinds. The discussions highlighted the search for effective research techniques and methods for studying non-standard phenomena in modern languages. Within the sections the role of linguistic creativity was discussed in the problematic discourses of the modern world, in foreign language education, Internet communication, and in the representation of personality. The phenomena of linguistic creativity in all the languages studied revealed the acute problems of interaction between language and society, language and culture. During the conference, a constructive exchange of experience in the study of new, non-standard linguistic phenomena in the languages of the world took place. The multidimensional analysis of linguistic creativity in different types of discourse has formed the basis for searching for patterns in the use of linguocreative techniques in different languages of the world. Among the promising tasks - based on the obtained synchronous data - is further comparative and contrastive analysis of languages and discourses.
Prediction of number of generations of serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Agromyzidae: Diptera) in India assessed by CLIMEX under climate change scenario
Authors: Nitta Anusha , V. Balasubramani , Sridhar V  , Murugan M.  , Johnson Thangaraj Edward Y.S.  , Satyamoorthy N.K.  , Kavitha M.
Published: October 2024

The serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii, is an invasive pest that affects plants, causing damage to the leaves and reducing crop yield. Number of generations of serpentine leaf miner was assessed under current and expected future climate change scenarios. The assessment was done for Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP 8.5) future climate change scenario in India. L. trifolii would have had 16-19 generations, in base line and 17-24 in 2050-time frame under future climate change in Andhra Pradesh conditions. Under Arunachal Pradesh conditions, it would have had 6-14 generations in base line and is expected to complete the same number of generations in 2050, scenario. Under Sikkim conditions 3 - 4 and 5 number of generations were assessed for present and future climate change scenario. Suitability of the localities was expressed in terms of Ecoclimatic index (EI) ranging from 0 to > 20 by combining the interaction effect of various stress indices and growth indices for the development of L. trifolii. It was observed that in temperate areas the pest incidence may increase in future, in contrast to the decreasing trend in areas where already the prevailing temperatures are near upper thresholds. It is therefore expected that number of generations of L. trifolii would increase with the rising temperatures under climate change situations.
Implementation of carbon tax policies to encourage the use of public transportation in cities
Authors: Afrianti Dessy Angga , Handayani Sabrina , Setiawan Dimas , Amelia Tazkia
Published: October 2024

The use of public transport is one of the concepts of sustainable transport. However, people prefer to use private vehicles, which causes various problems, one of which is the high carbon emissions produced. This research aims to encourage programs to use passenger public transportation through a carbon tax. The method in this research is descriptive quantitative with primary data and secondary data. Secondary data was developed in the research by collecting literature study sources on the concept of sustainable transportation development as well as primary data carried out by analyzing calculations regarding the implementation of the carbon tax. There are several proposals that can significantly accelerate the achievement of goals, namely a collaborative approach through collaboration between local government agencies, a policy of progressively implementing a carbon tax as a coercive policy and supported by a program to provide supporting facilities for public transportation. Decision making in this research was carried out by looking at the percentage increase in public transportation use based on the application of a carbon tax or carbon tax.
Molecular misconceptions: A cross-national study on university students’ understanding of the mole concept
Authors: Arjona Lourdes , Vázquez Evelyn García , Morales-Maure Luisa , Aponte Abdiel , Rodríguez Samuel , Castillero Irene , Mendoza Elisa , Torres-Rodriguez Agustín , Morejón-Alonso Loreley , Quintero José María , Cáceres Gerardo , Castro Eduardo Flores
Published: October 2024

This study investigates university students’ understanding of the mole concept and its implications for chemistry education, highlighting the critical role of mathematical education. A questionnaire was administered to 303 students from universities in Panama, Mexico, Cuba, Chile, and Spain. The results reveal that only 29.7% of participants recognize the mole as a fundamental unit, while 20.8% confuse the amount of substance with a non-existent “Chemical System.” Only 18.5% correctly identified the substance quantity symbol as “n” and 32.7% were aware that Wilhelm Ostwald introduced the term mole, indicating deficiencies in historical knowledge. The significance of these findings highlights major misconceptions and gaps in both conceptual understanding and historical knowledge, underscoring the urgent need for revised teaching strategies. Addressing these issues is crucial for bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, thereby enhancing instructional methods and optimizing chemistry education to improve students’ comprehension of fundamental concepts.
Mortes por desnutrição no Brasil - um país agroexportador
Authors: Borges Taize da Silva , Almeida Keila Aparecida de
Published: October 2024

Quais seriam os motivos de tanta morte por desnutrição num país reconhecido por exportar alimentos? Esta e outras questões serão abordadas neste artigo, onde serão apresentados alguns dados sobre as medidas tomadas ao longo das décadas para o combate da insegurança alimentar e da fome no Brasil, bem como suas possíveis causas, a desmistificação e/ou reflexão sobre algumas delas, e a apresentação do cenário atual do país referente a esta problemática. Como metodologia foi utilizada uma revisão bibliográfica crítica de literatura primária (artigos científicos, pesquisas, relatórios oficiais) e secundária (livros, artigos de revista) sobre a temática. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as principais políticas públicas, legislação e ações contra a insegurança alimentar e a fome já tomadas no Brasil, à luz da realidade alarmante da mortalidade infantil por desnutrição e do retorno do país ao Mapa da Fome da ONU, buscando compreender as causas estruturais e conjunturais dessa problemática e propor algumas reflexões acerca de possíveis ações para um futuro livre da fome. Por fim, conclui-se que apesar de décadas de ações pontuais e leis promissoras, a fome persiste como uma ferida profunda no Brasil, fruto de um sistema alimentar falho e desigualdades estruturais arraigadas. Embora medidas como o Bolsa Família e o aumento do salário mínimo tenham amenizado a situação em alguns momentos, a falta de uma reforma estrutural na base da economia e do modelo agroalimentar impede um combate definitivo à fome.
Palavras-chave: mortes por desnutrição; insegurança alimentar e fome; fome no Brasil.
Postura em Agamben
Authors: Guimarães Diego
Published: October 2024

Este artigo trata de investigar o conceito de postura em Giorgio Agamben. Para tanto, inicia-se por uma análise da inoperosidade e de seu vínculo com a resistência ao governo da vida, momento em que se explicita também a sua relação com a destituição e com a anarquia. Na sequência, retoma-se o conceito de gesto em Agamben, para a partir dele aprofundar-se na postura: Como gestos podem configurar uma postura? Como pensar uma postura a partir de gestos? Em Postura (2016), o filósofo analisa um conceito de postura partindo da figura do esgotado presente no ensaio O esgotado (2010), de Deleuze. O esgotado é aquele que esgotou todas as possibilidades: ao esgotar-se a potência, neutraliza o ato e libera o uso. Viver ao modo do uso, ao modo da inoperosidade, envolve esgotar a potência e o ato em toda atividade, esquivando-se, assim, da estratégia de captura dos dispositivos de governo da vida. É nesse sentido que a postura de esgotado interessa a Agamben: a postura de inoperosidade seria, também, uma postura de esgotado. Ao final do ensaio Postura (2016), Agamben afirma que no campo dos gestos, por fim, até mesmo a postura, aos moldes do esgotado, fica para trás. No entanto, insistimos nesse artigo em uma postura configurada por gestos, o que se justifica principalmente quando se tem em vista, com tais conceitos, a resistência ao governo da vida a partir da anarquia e do enraizamento. O gesto já trata de uma exposição, mas a postura é uma demora expondo, e configura-se pelos gestos: é uma insistência restituindo uso e fazendo uso, uma frequência, uma demora no corpo a corpo, resistindo ao governo da vida orquestrado pelos dispositivos. Gesto e postura compõem uma estratégia: demorar expondo uma vida que se vive vivendo.
“Barriga de Aluguel”: o útero como uma mercadoria biopolítica
Authors: Weiler Ana Luísa Dessoy , Silva Dafhini Carneiro da , Nielsson Joice Graciele
Published: October 2024

O artigo pretende avaliar a barriga de aluguel como instrumento da biopolítica para dominação dos corpos reprodutivos das mulheres. Para tanto, o trabalho foi desenvolvido tendo como problema o seguinte questionamento: em que medida a barriga de aluguel se afigura como mais uma forma de biopoder sobre o corpo da mulher?  O objetivo principal é perceber a atuação da biopolítica no controle dos corpos das mulheres a partir do instituto da “Barriga de Aluguel”. A estrutura se dá em três seções, que correspondem aos objetivos específicos do estudo: a) caracterizar os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres no Brasil; b) discutir a biopolítica e seus mecanismos de controle sobre a reprodução e sobre os corpos das mulheres; e, c) compreender o instituto da “barriga de aluguel” no uso do útero como uma mercadoria. O método de pesquisa empregado foi o hipotético-dedutivo, mediante o emprego de técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
Palavras-chave: biopolítica; direitos sexuais; direitos reprodutivos; barriga de aluguel.
ÜSTÜN YETENEKLİ (BİLSEM) ÖĞRENCİLERİN GÖÇ KAVRAMI VE GÖÇMEN ÖĞRENCİLERE İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Uçkan Pınar , Bulut Berra
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, BİLSEM’de öğrenim gören üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin göç ve göçmenlere yönelik görüşlerini, göçlerin yol açtığı sorunlara dair çözüm önerilerini ve göçlerin geleceğine yönelik öngörülerini tespit etmektir. Üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin göçle ilgili fikirlerinin, mevcut sorunların çözümüne katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, alana önemli katkılar sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile veri toplanmış ve içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında Çorum Bilim ve Sanat Merkezi’nde eğitim gören 35 üstün yetenekli öğrenci çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, öğrencilerin göç ve göçmenlerle ilgili görüşleri incelenmiş, iletişim boyutları değerlendirilmiş ve çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, katılımcı ifadeleri ile desteklenmiştir.
Electromyographic activities of muscles in the shoulder and elbow joints during elbow flexion-extensions with different velocities in the sagittal and horizontal planes
Authors: Angelova Silvija K. , Raikova Rositsa T. , Markova Nikol N.
Published: October 2024

Study aim: Properly processed surface electromyographic signals (EMGs) provide a suitable means for the estimation of muscle activity, including their synergistic and antagonistic action. This study aimed to investigate changes in the activity of elbow and shoulder muscles due to changes in the velocities of elbow flexion/extension motions in the sagittal and horizontal plane without and with an additional load of 0.5 kg on the wrist using processed EMGs of six muscles and the angle of the elbow joint.

Material and methods: Experimental data from ten healthy volunteers were processed. The EMGs from each part of a motor task – maximal elbow flexion from an initial downwards arm position, rest in the maximally flexed position and maximal extension – were filtered, rectified, and normalized according to suitable maximal isometric tasks. The areas under the obtained curves for each part, called activities, were subjected to statistical analysis including calculations of correlation coefficients between the activities of different muscles.

Results: In general, muscle activities were heterogeneous and strongly individual. The angular velocity was higher for movements without additional weight. Sagittal flexion velocity was higher than the horizontal one. The muscle activities for all subjects for all muscles are presented and discussed.

Conclusions: The main conclusions were as follows: m. biceps brachii, m. brachialis and m. deltoideus pars clavicularis showed the main activity, and their activity increased with increasing velocity but not with increasing load; m. deltoideus pars spinata and m. triceps brachii had slow activity. Surprisingly, the small m. anconeus was much more active than the m. triceps, especially during extension.
Body fat, lipid profile and selected hormones in active male Polish students characterized by lower and higher normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels
Authors: Malara Marzena , Widłak Patrycja
Published: October 2024

Study aim: To evaluate the relationship between body fat, lipid profile and selected hormones in the context of lower and higher normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in active male students.

Material and methods: A total of 112 male students of the Faculty of Physical Education volunteered to participate in the study. Body weight, height and waist circumference were measured using standard medical equipment. The percentage of body fat was determined from the sum of the thickness of four skinfolds. Circulating lipids, TSH, glucose and insulin level were measured.

Results: Biochemical characteristics revealed that the circulating total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triacylglycerol (TG) levels were significantly lower in students with lower normal TSH levels vs. students with higher normal TSH levels. The analysis of distorted metabolic variables indicated that for students with higher normal TSH levels the frequency of disturbances was significantly higher than in students with lower normal TSH levels. Additionally, this group was characterized by a significantly higher percentage of fat in the body.

Conclusion: In young, physically active men, certain metabolic disorders related to plasma lipid profiles may be observed despite normal TSH levels.
Modeling of Carbon Footprint Emissions in Sugarcane Production Using System Dynamics
Authors: Lara Juan Gabriel Mollocana , Toaquiza Jeyson Alexander Oña , Chugchilán Pamela Abigail Briceño , Vinueza Nathaly Johanna Chamorro
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study proposes a model aimed at estimating and reducing carbon emissions in sugarcane cultivation and juice extraction, designed for potential application in real-world systems.
 
Method: The model grounded in a hypothetical case study of a 60-hectare sugarcane plantation in a warm climate with a 7-month growth cycle and a three-year simulation period, focuses on estimate and evaluate mitigation scenarios to decrease emissions from fuel and electricity usage in activities such as plowing, sowing, harvesting, and irrigation. Utilizing Vensim PLE, a System Dynamics model that combine event and dynamic simulation.
 
Results and Discussion: Utilizing Vensim PLE, a System Dynamics model that combine event and dynamic simulation estimated a 3060.81 tons CO2 equivalent carbon footprint. Two scenarios aimed at footprint reduction were tested: substituting electrical energy with solar power reduced the footprint by 86% to 450.092 tons, demonstrating clean energy's efficacy. Conversely, replacing an industrial mill with the traditional trapiche technique for juice extraction yielded a mere 1% reduction, indicating its ineffectiveness for real-world application.
 
Research Implications: This study emphasizes the development of a simulation model based on system dynamics to estimate the carbon footprint emissions in sugar cane production considering its cultivation and juice extraction. The results support that through simulations, it is possible to determine the factors that influence the generation of carbon dioxide, offering a broader vision to establish and implement mitigation measures such as adopting clean energies and reducing fuel consumption.
 
Originality/Value: This research contributes to the understanding of the application of system dynamics by using software such as Vensim PLE to estimate the carbon footprint emissions in sugar cane production, considering its cultivation and juice extraction. The results found through simulations suggest the implementation of mitigation measures such as the adoption of clean energies and the reduction of fuel consumption.
CORRELATION OF INK PENETRATION WITHIN THE PRINTING SUBSTRATE AND PRINT-THROUGH EFFECTS IN OFFSET, GRAVURE AND SCREEN SUSTAINABLE PRINTS
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia, Bates Irena , Rudolf Maja ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia, Plazonić Ivana ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Graphic Arts, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: October 2024

The drying process of printing ink on absorbent substrates in conventional printing techniques essentially takes place in two steps: the penetration of the ink within the printing substrate and the oxidation or oxy-polymerization process. The process of ink penetration within the printing substrate itself begins immediately after the ink is transferred using the impression cylinder, while the oxidation or oxy- polymerization process lasts up to several hours. In this research, the correlation between the value of ink penetration within the printing substrate and the print-through effect on prints produced using three different printing techniques was observed. In this analysis prints made on sustainable printing substrates were produced with a 30% share of non-wood cellulose pulp were observed in order to reduce the consumption of wood raw materials worldwide. The results of the research prove that the degree of ink penetration within the printing substrate correlates with the print-through effect in all analysed black prints (printed with one ink layer), while no correlation was found in the prints that were printed with three ink layers (cyan, magenta and yellow). That is the print-through effect is very low compared to the values obtained for ink penetration within the printing substrate. It was also found that the lowest values for ink penetration inside the printing substrate was achieved with offset printing process, and thus the lowest values for the print-through effect. Sustainable printing substrates achieve very low deviations compared to reference substrates made only from recycled wood pulp, which confirms the possibility of using these substrates for both secondary packaging and publications.
Evaluation of the efficiency of the hepatoprotector glucuronate in toxic hepatitis of various etiology
Authors: Akalaev R. N. , Khadjibaev A. M. , Stopnitskiy A. A. , Tulyaganov D. B. , Kamilov U. R. , Saidova M. K.
Published: October 2024

The objective was to study the effectiveness of the use of hepatoprotector glucuronate at the early stage of intensive therapy of toxic hepatitis of various etiologies.

Materials and methods. We studied 120 patients with toxic hepatitis who were treated at the Republican research center for emergency medicine in 2022–2023. The study was carried out in two groups of patients. Group I – 60 patients admitted in 2023, who, in addition to traditional therapy, received a complex hepatoprotector glucuronate (Jetepar®)*. Group II (comparison group) – 60 patients who applied in 2022 and received only traditional therapy. Biochemical blood parameters were studied upon admission and over time on day 5. The severity of intellectual impairment was assessed using cognitive scales and the Reitan test on days 2 and 5 from the start of treatment.

Results. Upon admission, both groups showed signs of toxic liver damage. In dynamics by the 5th day in patients of group I, there was a decrease in ALT by 63.7%, AST by 66.4%, alkaline phosphatase by 54.2% from the initial values, which was 3.9 and 2.6, 2. 1 lower than in the comparison group. The level of free ammonia in patients of group I on the 5th day decreased by 52%, and lactate by 57% from the initial level, almost to the physiological norm, while in the comparison group (II) only by 24.8% and 38.1%, which was 2.2 and 1.5 times worse than in the main group. Screening of the level of intelligence using two cognitive scales and the Reitan test showed that in patients in the comparison group, cognitive function indicators on the 5th day were 1.4, 1.5 and 1.2 times lower than in the main group.

Conclusion. The use of the hepatoprotector glucuronate improves liver parameters and cognitive functions in patients with toxic hepatitis.
Predictors of polytrauma outcome in children on the first day of treatment in ICU
Authors: Pshenisnov K. V. , Aleksandrovich Yu. S. , Lipin A. S. , Tihova G. P. , Mironov P. I. , Blinov S. A. , Evgrafov V. A. , Ironosov V. E. , Kaziakhmedov V. A. , Kondin A. N. , Kuzmin O. V. , Popova I. N. , Suchanov Yu. V. , Aleksandrovich I. V. , Potapov V. S.
Published: October 2024

The objective was to identify predictors of polytrauma outcome in children on the first day of treatment in ICU.

Materials and methods. Design – multicenter, cohort, retrospective, observational study. 225 children with polytrauma were examined. The average age of children was 10 (4–14) years. There were 148 (65.8%) boys. In 65.2% of cases, the injury was received as a result of a traffic accident, catatrauma occurred in 32.6% of polytrauma. The AIS score was 34 (25–48) and the PTS score was 5 (2.0–8.0). The duration of artificial lung ventilation was 12 (0–97) hours, and treatment in ICU – 5 (2–8) days. Death was in 14.2% of cases. 

Results. An increase in Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and SpO2 by one unit (1 point, 1%) was found to reduce the risk of adverse outcome by 44% and 9%, respectively, and an increase in creatinine concentration and international normalized ratio by one unit increased the probability of patient death by 4.3 and 15.8 times, respectively. A mathematical formula was developed to assess the risk of an unfavorable outcome of polytrauma in children at the time of admission to the ICU: OR = exp (3.74–0.58 · [GCS score] – 0.09 · [SpO2] + 0.06 · [Creatinine] + 2.62 · [INR]. Its accuracy is 96.4%; sensitivity 83.4%; specificity 98.7%.

Conclusion. Predictors of unfavorable outcome of polytrauma in children at admission to ICU are low scores on the Glasgow Coma Scale, severe hypoxemia, coagulopathy and kidney damage.
Incidence of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in Saudi Arabia: a registrybased descriptive analysis
Authors: Alghamdi Abdulaziz , Alghamdi Arwa , Betar Manar , Alkulli Osama , Lary Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) refer to malignant tumors in the cells of the peripheral nerve or nerve sheath. This study was conducted to report the incidence and provide an overview of MPNSTs in Saudi Arabia due to the rarity and lack of studies on MPNSTs in the country.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study of MPNSTs included all patients diagnosed with MPNSTs in Saudi Arabia between 2010 and 2020. The data were collected from the Saudi Cancer Registry and were analyzed using John's Macintosh Project statistical software.
Results: Twenty-five total with 25 MPNST cases were included in this study. The annual incidence in Saudi Arabia is 0.076 per million people. Of the patients, 15 were males (60.00%), and the median age was 36 (1547) years. In this study, all 25 cases were diagnosed based on histopathology of the primary lesions (100.00%). For the sites of the lesions, the trunk and lower limbs were the most reported sites with six cases (24.00%) each. Regarding tumor grading, the majority had an unknown grade (18 cases, 72.00%), followed by grade II (moderately differentiated) in four cases (16.00%). Finally, for tumor extension, 12 cases (48.00%) were localized, whereas only one case (4.00%) was distally metastasized.
Conclusion: This study revealed a low incidence of MPNSTs in Saudi Arabia, providing information on gender distribution, age, geographical distribution, tumor site, grading, and tumor extension.
Gemeinsinn – Hoffnung in einer Welt im Krisenmodus Psychotherapie im gesellschaftspolitischen Kontext
Authors: Stein Claudius
Published: October 2024

Gemeinsinn ist als die Bereitschaft zu verstehen, sich für das Gemeinwohl einzusetzen, und steht damit im Gegensatz zu einer zunehmenden Entsolidarisierung westlicher Gesellschaften. Gemeinsinn kann eine wesentliche Ressource sein, um die multiplen, immer rascher aufeinanderfolgenden gesellschaftlichen Krisen und Katastrophen bewältigen zu können. In diesem Artikel wird versucht zu erklären, dass individuelle Freiheit – richtig verstanden – nicht im Widerspruch zum Gemeinsinn steht. Ausgehend vom individuellen Krisenbegriff wird eine Theorie gesellschaftlicher Krisen entworfen, um dann darauf einzugehen, in welcher Form Gemeinsinn zu deren Bewältigung beitragen kann. Danach folgt eine Beschäftigung mit dem Thema Gleichheit und der Frage, welch ernste Auswirkungen die wachsende wirtschaftliche Ungleichheit auf das Zusammenleben hat. Psychotherapie ist immer Teil eines kulturellen, gesellschaftlichen und politischen Umfelds. PsychotherapeutInnen tragen somit zwangsläufig eine besondere Verantwortung. Es wird abschließend der Frage nachgegangen, wie PsychotherapeutInnen dieser besonderen Verantwortung in der aktuellen Situation gerecht werden und damit zum Gemeinsinn beitragen können.
Wind of Change 2.0: Resonanz und Oszillieren als Ressourcen in Zeiten der Polykrise
Authors: Mühl Claudia
Published: October 2024

Der Artikel ist die Abschrift eines im Rahmen des 55. Internationalen Seminars für Psychotherapie in Bad Radkersburg 2023 gehaltenen Vortrags. Eingebettet in das Rahmenthema Verunsicherungen bewältigen – Zuversicht finden – Zukunft gestalten des Seminars setzt sich der Beitrag mit der Möglichkeit, Resonanz als Ressource verstehen zu können, auseinander. In den theoretischen Ausführungen wird besonderes Augenmerk auf Konzepte wie die Resonanztheorie nach Hartmut Rosa (2016), auf Ausführungen zu Aspekten des intersubjektiven Raumes nach Joachim Küchenhoff (2022) sowie allgemein auf Konzepte zur Intersubjektivität im Sinne Michael Ermanns (1999) gelegt. Nach einer einführenden Darstellung wird im Zuge einer tiefenpsychologisch-psychodynamischen Betrachtung und anhand einer Fallvignette überlegt, inwieweit Resonanz auch als eine ressourcenorientierte Möglichkeit der Krisenbewältigung durch eine oszillatorische Annäherung betrachtet werden kann.
Alejandra Pizarnik: diarista
Authors: Contreras Ríos Isaura
Published: October 2024

Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972) es una de las poetas más im­portantes de la literatura contemporánea; a esta afirmación se suma ahora el reconocimiento de su obra diarística. El presente estudio centra su atención en los diarios de la autora argentina y pone de relieve la trascendencia de esa obra en el contexto de una incipiente tradición del diario en Latinoamérica. Asi­mismo, esta investigación hace dialogar los diarios de Pizarnik con otros modelos canónicos del género, a la vez que analiza el papel de su reescritura y su vínculo indisoluble con la poe­sía. Alejandra Pizarnik: diarista es una invitación a descubrir un nuevo perfil de la escritora cuyo diario es hoy en día una de las obras más originales y transgresoras de la literatura latinoameri­cana del siglo XX.
Traducciones, encuentros y desencuentros
Authors: Castro Ramírez Nayelli
Published: October 2024

Las traducciones, tanto aquellas entre el español y el inglés, como otras que involucran lenguas como el francés, el alemán, el ruso y el portugués, son resultado del hacer de redes intelectuales tejidas y consolidadas y cumplen con las más variadas funciones. La alternancia lingüística en los espacios de cooperación internacional y de encuentro intelectual es uno de los puntos neurálgicos para la construcción de los discursos latinoamericanistas por medio de los cuales se negocia, representa y construye la posibilidad de una región en disputa. En otros términos, en los primeras dos décadas de la Guerra Fría, por medio de las traducciones, los constructores de los diferentes latinoamericanismos en pugna negocian, representan y construyen sus propias visiones de la región y su historia. Resaltar la presencia de estas traducciones en la historiografía latinoamericanista arroja luz sobre los claroscuros de las iniciativas de cooperación intelectual y negociación cultural en un contexto marcado por fuertes tensiones geopolíticas, pero también ilumina una preocupación compartida tanto por los historiadores como por los estudiosos de la traducción.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS REALIZADO POR ENFERMEIROS EM ONCOPEDIATRIA: REFLEXÕES À LUZ DA TEORIA DE JEAN WATSON
Authors: Viana Ana Cláudia Gomes , Batista Patrícia Serpa de Souza , Evangelista Carla Braz , De Sá França Jael Rúbia Figueiredo , Oliveira Jacira dos Santos , Alves Adriana Marques Pereira de Melo , Lima Débora Rodrigues Alves de
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: refletir sobre os cuidados paliativos em oncopediatria, desenvolvido por enfermeiros, a partir do referencial teórico proposto por Jean Watson. Método: estudo teórico-reflexivo, realizado em agosto de 2023, durante a elaboração de Tese de Doutorado, embasado em publicações científicas nacionais e internacionais sobre a Teoria do Cuidado Humano de Jean Watson e sobre cuidados paliativos em oncopediatria. Resultados: observou-se que a presente teoria pode subsidiar o enfermeiro a superar a filosofia do cuidado direcionado apenas as necessidades físicas, visto que os principais conceitos da teoria despertam reflexões relevantes sobre as dimensões biopsicossocioespirituais da criança com câncer em assistência paliativa. Considerações finais: a abordagem holística contribui com a promoção do bem-estar e da qualidade de vida, independente do prognóstico da doença. A utilização dos 10 elementos do Processo Caritas, favorece a assistência efetivada por meio de um processo dinâmico, permeado pelo carinho, atenção, respeito, lúdico e comunicação efetiva.
Political and Security reasons as factors of implementing EU green policies and directives in Kosovo to align with the EU acquis and transition towards a greener country
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University, Social Science Department, Latvia, Palkova Aleksandra , Kadriu Arian ,   Social Science Department, University for Business and Technology, Kosovo, Hoxha Visar ,   Social Science Department, University for Business and Technology, Kosovo
Published: October 2024

This article examines the political and security factors that affect the implementation of European Union (EU) green policies and directives in Kosovo. As the EU aims to promote sustainable development and combat climate change, understanding these factors is crucial, especially in politically sensitive regions. The study utilises an interdisciplinary approach, drawing from political science, security studies, environmental science and international law to analyse the challenges and opportunities in implementing these policies in Kosovo. It critically reviews existing literature, highlighting key findings from international scholars on the role of political and security considerations. The article identifies critical factors influencing the success of EU green initiatives in Kosovo and suggests areas for future research. Through exploring research questions on the challenges, impacts and the role of international organisations and nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), the article seeks to provide insights into enhancing collaboration between the EU and local stakeholders. Ultimately, the study aims to contribute to discussions on how green policies can promote stability, security and sustainable development in Kosovo, offering strategies to overcome implementation challenges. Keywords: EU Green Policies; Directives; Kosovo; Political and Security Challenges.
Ernesto Faria (1906-1952) e o Latim para a formação de filólogos e linguistas no Brasil do século XX
Authors: Ferreira Kaltner Leonardo , Cardozo Silva dos Santos Melyssa
Published: October 2024

A Gramaticografia latina no Brasil é um dos temas de interesse da disciplina de Historiografia da Linguística (HL), em nosso contexto nacional. Em nosso texto, debateremos aspectos teórico-metodológicos, acerca da constituição de uma narrativa historiográfica sobre a história da gramática latina no Brasil, pelo modelo “koerniano”, desenvolvido por Konrad Koerner (2014) e Pierre Swiggers (2013; 2019). Como modelo exemplar, para uma narrativa (meta)historiográfica da história da gramática latina no Brasil, temos também a recente publicação de Ricardo Cavaliere (UFF/ABL), sobre a história da gramática no Brasil (CAVALIERE, 2022), que pode nos servir de modelo à aplicação da historiografia “koerniana”, para uma análise de nosso contexto específico. O tema da história da gramática latina no Brasil foi abordado de forma precursora pelo latinista e filólogo Ernesto Faria (1906-1962), em duas de suas principais obras: a Gramática Superior da Língua Latina (FARIA, 1958) e Introdução à didática do Latim (FARIA, 1959).