bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimates of Eigenvalues of a Semiperiodic Dirichlet Problem for a Class of Degenerate Elliptic Equations
Authors: Muratbekov Mussakan , Igissinov Sabit
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we consider a class of degenerate elliptic equations with arbitrary power degeneration. The issues about the existence, uniqueness, and smoothness of solutions of the semiperiodic Dirichlet problem for a class of degenerate elliptic equations with arbitrary power degeneration are studied. The two-sided estimates for singular numbers (s-numbers) are obtained. Note that estimates of singular numbers (s-numbers) show the rate of approximation of the found solutions by finite-dimensional subspaces. Here, we also obtain estimates for the eigenvalues. We note that, in this paper, apparently, two-sided estimates of singular numbers (s-numbers) for degenerate elliptic operators are obtained for the first time. At the end of the paper, a symmetric operator is considered, i.e., a self-adjoint case.
Numerical Validation of a Boost Converter Controlled by a Quasi-Sliding Mode Control Technique with Bifurcation Diagrams
Authors: Trujillo Simeón Casanova , Candelo-Becerra John E. , Hoyos Fredy E.
Published: March 2022

A boost converter is an electronic circuit that generates a higher voltage in the output than in the input. The most common method to regulate the DC/DC converter is pulse-width modulation (PWM), and some techniques such as sliding mode control help perform a switching frequency to determine the duty cycle. However, some instabilities at different operating points have been detected with the controllers that have not yet been studied. Therefore, this paper presents a numerical validation of the boost converter with bifurcation diagrams. The pulse-width modulation is controlled by using a quasi-sliding mode control technique, such as the zero average dynamics, because it allows for the reduction of some phenomena such as chattering, ripple, and distortions. The results show that N−T periodic orbits are detected with this technique from an initial operating point and they present a qualitative symmetry in both voltage and current variables. This technique is helpful to study a whole range of instability problems resulting from the different power converters and the controllers.
Inequalities for Approximation of New Defined Fuzzy Post-Quantum Bernstein Polynomials via Interval-Valued Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Özkan Esma Yıldız
Published: March 2022

In this study, we introduce new defined fuzzy post-quantum Bernstein polynomials and present examples illustrating their existence. We investigate their approximation properties via interval-valued fuzzy numbers. We obtain a fuzzy Korovkin-type approximation result, and we obtain inequalities estimating the rate of fuzzy convergence for these polynomials by means of the fuzzy modulus of continuity and Lipschitz-type fuzzy functions. Lastly, we present a Voronovskaja type asymptotic result for fuzzy post-quantum Bernstein polynomials. The methods in this paper are crucial and symmetric in terms of extending the approximation results of these polynomials from the real function space to the fuzzy function space and the applicability to the other operators.
First Report of Distinct Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) Isolates Infecting Bambusa funghomii in Vietnam and the Identification of a Highly Variable Region in the BaMV Genome
Authors: Huang Ying-Wen , Lee Chin-Wei , Lin Na-Sheng , Cuong Ha Viet , Hu Chung-Chi , Hsu Yau-Heiu
Published: March 2022

New isolates of the Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) were identified in Bambusa funghomii bamboo in Vietnam. Sequence analyses revealed that the Vietnam isolates are distinct from all known BaMV strains, sharing the highest sequence identities (about 77%) with the Yoshi isolates reported in California, USA. Unique satellite RNAs were also found to be associated with the BaMV Vietnam isolates. A possible recombination event was detected in the genome of BaMV-VN2. A highly variable region was identified in the ORF1 gene, in between the methyl transferase domain and helicase domain. These results revealed the presence of unique BaMV isolates in an additional bamboo species in one more country, Vietnam, and provided evidence in support of the possible involvement of environmental or host factors in the diversification and evolution of BaMV.
Management and Treatment of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B: Towards Personalized Medicine
Authors: Colombatto Piero , Coco Barbara , Bonino Ferruccio , Brunetto Maurizia R.
Published: March 2022

The currently available antiviral treatments (Peg-Interferon-α and Nucleos(t)ide Analogues, NA) for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) achieve a functional cure (serum HBsAg and HDV-DNA clearance) of HBV infection in a limited number of patients. Nevertheless, the continuous pharmacological suppression of viral replication by NA halts liver disease progression lowering the risk of HCC development and improving the survival. In the near future, to fully exploit the potential of old and new drugs for HBV treatment a personalized approach to the patients will be required according to an accurate definition of their virologic, immunologic and clinical profile.
RNA Viruses in Aquatic Ecosystems through the Lens of Ecological Genomics and Transcriptomics
Authors: Kolundžija Sandra , Cheng Dong-Qiang , Lauro Federico M.
Published: March 2022

Massive amounts of data from nucleic acid sequencing have changed our perspective about diversity and dynamics of marine viral communities. Here, we summarize recent metatranscriptomic and metaviromic studies targeting predominantly RNA viral communities. The analysis of RNA viromes reaffirms the abundance of lytic (+) ssRNA viruses of the order Picornavirales, but also reveals other (+) ssRNA viruses, including RNA bacteriophages, as important constituents of extracellular RNA viral communities. Sequencing of dsRNA suggests unknown diversity of dsRNA viruses. Environmental metatranscriptomes capture the dynamics of ssDNA, dsDNA, ssRNA, and dsRNA viruses simultaneously, unravelling the full complexity of viral dynamics in the marine environment. RNA viruses are prevalent in large size fractions of environmental metatranscriptomes, actively infect marine unicellular eukaryotes larger than 3 µm, and can outnumber bacteriophages during phytoplankton blooms. DNA and RNA viruses change abundance on hourly timescales, implying viral control on a daily temporal basis. Metatranscriptomes of cultured protists host a diverse community of ssRNA and dsRNA viruses, often with multipartite genomes and possibly persistent intracellular lifestyles. We posit that RNA viral communities might be more diverse and complex than formerly anticipated and that the influence they exert on community composition and global carbon flows in aquatic ecosystems may be underestimated.
Effect of Short Time of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Zupin Luisa , Fontana Francesco , Clemente Libera , Ruscio Maurizio , Ricci Giuseppe , Crovella Sergio
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) clinical manifestations include the involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting around 10% of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected children. In the present work, the consequence of a short time of viral absorption (5, 15, 30 and 60 min) was tested on the Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell line. Our findings show that Caco-2 cells are highly permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection, even after 5 min of viral inoculation at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1. No cytopathic effect was evident during the subsequent 7 days of monitoring; nevertheless, the immunofluorescence staining for the viral nucleocapsid confirmed the presence of intracellular SARS-CoV-2. Our findings highlight the very short time during which SARS-CoV-2 is able to infect these cells in vitro.
Isolation and Characterization of Two Pseudorabies Virus and Evaluation of Their Effects on Host Natural Immune Responses and Pathogenicity
Authors: Zhou Qiongqiong , Zhang Longfeng , Liu Hongyang , Ye Guangqiang , Huang Li , Weng Changjiang
Published: March 2022

Pseudorabies, caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV), is an acute fatal disease, which can infect rodents, mammals, and other livestock and wild animals across species. Recently, the emergence of PRV virulent isolates indicates a high risk of a variant PRV epidemic and the need for continuous surveillance. In this study, PRV-GD and PRV-JM, two fatal PRV variants, were isolated and their pathogenicity as well as their effects on host natural immune responses were assessed. PRV-GD and PRV-JM were genetically closest to PRV variants currently circulating in Heilongjiang (HLJ8) and Jiangxi (JX/CH/2016), which belong to genotype 2.2. Consistently, antisera from sows immunized with PRV-Ea classical vaccination showed much lower neutralization ability to PRV-GD and PRV-JM. However, the antisera from the pigs infected with PRV-JM had an extremely higher neutralization ability to PRV-TJ (as a positive control), PRV-GD and PRV-JM. In vivo, PRV-GD and PRV-JM infections caused 100% death in mice and piglets and induced extensive tissue damage, cell death, and inflammatory cytokine release. Our analysis of the emergence of PRV variants indicate that pigs immunized with the classical PRV vaccine are incapable of providing sufficient protection against these PRV isolates, and there is a risk of continuous evolution and virulence enhancement. Efforts are still needed to conduct epidemiological monitoring for the PRV and to develop novel vaccines against this emerging and reemerging infectious disease.
Development of a Universal Epitope-Based Influenza Vaccine and Evaluation of Its Effectiveness in Mice
Authors: Mintaev Ramil R. , Glazkova Dina V. , Orlova Olga V. , Bogoslovskaya Elena V. , Shipulin German A.
Published: March 2022

Vaccination is an effective and economically viable means of protection against the influenza virus, but due to rapid viral evolution, modern seasonal vaccines are not effective enough. Next-generation vaccines are designed to provide protection against a wide range of influenza virus strains, including pandemic variants. In our work, we made an epitope-based universal vaccine, rMVA-k1-k2, against the influenza virus based on the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vector and using our own algorithms to select epitopes from conserved fragments of the NP, M1 and HA proteins of influenza A and B. We show that double immunization protects mice with a 67% or greater efficiency against viral influenza pneumonia when infected with various strains of the H1N1, H2N2, H3N2 and H5N1 subtypes of influenza A. In animals, the level of protection provided by the rMVA-k1-k2 vaccine was comparable to that provided by the universal M001 and MVA-NP+M1 (Invictus) vaccines, which have shown success in clinical trials, against strains of the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes.
Watershed Water Environment and Hydrology under the Influence of Anthropogenic and Natural Processes
Authors: Han Guilin , Xu Zhifang
Published: March 2022

Water resources imbalance of requirement and distribution has become one of the most vital limiting factors for regional and global sustainable development [...]
Long Term Effectiveness of Wellhead Protection Areas
Authors: Zeferino Joel , Paiva Marina , Carvalho Maria do Rosário , Carvalho José Martins , Almeida Carlos
Published: March 2022

A preventive instrument to ensure the protection of groundwater is the establishment of wellhead protect areas (WPA) for public supply wells. The shape of the WPA depends on the rate of pumping and aquifer characteristics, such as the transmissivity, porosity, hydraulic gradient, and aquifer thickness. If any parameter changes after the design of the WPA, it will no longer be effective in protecting the aquifer and its catchment. With population growth in urban areas, the pressure on groundwater abstraction increases. Changes in flow, drawdowns and hydraulic gradients often occur. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the WPA after a long period of establishment, in public wells with continuous pumping, located in densely populated urban area of the municipality of Montijo (Portugal). Considering the aquifer scenario in 2019, new extended WPAs were calculated using the combined results of three analytical methods and numerical modelling. In 2009 the aquifer presented hydraulic gradients varying between 0.0005 and 0.002, giving rise to a protection area with essentially circular shape. Although there was no increase in extraction flow, in 2019 the hydraulic gradients vary from 0.0008 to 0.008, and the flow directions have changed because of the water level decline. The shape of the WPA in this case is essentially elliptical and longer upstream and it can pose difficulties in the protection of public water catchments, in an urban area with already defined and consolidated land use. The best protection of the public supply wells in disturbed aquifers is obtained through numerical modeling.
Discrimination between Pore and Throat Resistances against Single-Phase Flow in Porous Media
Authors: Adloo Hadi , Foshat Saeed , Vaferi Behzad , Alobaid Falah , Aghel Babak
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the critical agents that cause non-Darrian flow in porous media. Four porous media different in morphology but similar in topology were studied numerically. By varying the throat diameters, the distinct roles of pores and throats in total dissipation were investigated using direct numerical simulation. Forchheimer model was selected to analyze the non-Darcian flow. In our simplified geometry, the ratio KappKD can best be correlated by non-Darcy effect (E). Total dissipation is directly related to the porous medium resistance against fluid flow. The energy dissipated in pores and throats was calculated by summing the dissipation in each computational segment. Pores are more prone to disobey the Darcy model than throats due to irregularity in fluid flow, and they are introduced as the cause of Darcy-model cessation. By increasing the pore-to-throat ratio, the non-Darcian flow in the pores begins sooner. The results show that the energy dissipation due to eddies is negligible. The dissipation in pores and throats was simulated through separate power-law equations, and their exponents were also extracted. The exponent for the pore body is equal to two when the viscous forces are dominant, and it increases by increasing the inertia force. The dissipation due to pore bodies is more apparent when the size of pore and throats are of the same order of magnitude. The relative losses of pore body increase as the velocity increases, in contrast to throats.
Zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.) and Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) Responses to Salinity Stress
Authors: Marković Monika , Šoštarić Jasna , Kojić Antonija , Popović Brigita , Bubalo Ante , Bošnjak Dejan , Stanisavljević Aleksandar
Published: March 2022

The study of salinity stress in irrigated floriculture can make a significant contribution to the preservation of freshwater sources. To analyze the morphological and aesthetic responses of zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.) and periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) to different salinity stress levels, the following treatments were performed: s0 = municipal water (control), s1 = 3 dS m−1, s2 = 4.5 dS m−1, and s3 = 6 dS m−1. The growth of zinnia (flower number, plant height, branch and leaf number, total fresh and dry biomass, and root length) was linearly reduced by increasing salinity levels, while all observed periwinkle traits for the s2 salinity treatment were either equal to or greater than the control treatment (n.s.) and a further increase in salinity stress showed a significant (p < 0.01) decrease. The first flower buds on zinnia appeared with the control treatment (s0), while for periwinkle the first flower bud appeared with the s1 treatment. With regard to both zinnia and periwinkle leaf necrosis, drying and firing occurred during the third week in the s2 and s3 treatments. Zinnia proved to be sensitive to salinity, while periwinkle showed mild tolerance to salinity stress, up to 3 dS m−1.
Remote Sensing Methodology for Roughness Estimation in Ungauged Streams for Different Hydraulic/Hydrodynamic Modeling Approaches
Authors: Papaioannou George , Markogianni Vassiliki , Loukas Athanasios , Dimitriou Elias
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the generation of spatially distributed roughness coefficient maps based on image analysis and the extent to which those roughness coefficient values affect the flood inundation modeling using different hydraulic/hydrodynamic modeling approaches ungauged streams. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images were used for the generation of high-resolution Orthophoto mosaic (1.34 cm/px) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Among various pixel-based and object-based image analyses (OBIA), a Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) was eventually selected to examine several texture parameters. The combination of local entropy values (OBIA method) with Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC; pixel-based analysis) was highlighted as a satisfactory approach (65% accuracy) to determine dominant grain classes along a stream with inhomogeneous bed composition. Spatially distributed roughness coefficient maps were generated based on the riverbed image analysis (grain size classification), the size-frequency distributions of river bed materials derived from field works (grid sampling), detailed land use data, and the usage of several empirical formulas that used for the estimation of Manning’s n values. One-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D), and coupled (1D/2D) hydraulic modeling approaches were used for flood inundation modeling using specific Manning’s n roughness coefficient map scenarios. The validation of the simulated flooded area was accomplished using historical flood extent data, the Critical Success Index (CSI), and CSI penalization. The methodology was applied and demonstrated at the ungauged Xerias stream reach, Greece, and indicated that it might be applied to other Mediterranean streams with similar characteristics and flow conditions.
Field and Laboratory Assessment of a New Electrolytic Point-of-Use Water Treatment Technology
Authors: Hill Courtney L. , Harris Jamie D. , Turner Sydney S. , Wason Kathryn L. , Gaylord Amanda P. , Hatley Maya G. , Hardcastle Lance T. , Roberts Isaac T. , You Joshua Y. , Renneker Kathryn O. , Edokpayi Joshua N. , Smith James A.
Published: March 2022

This research creates and implements a new electrolytic point-of-use water treatment (POUWT) device. Device development began by applying two voltages common to commercially available batteries to an apparatus with either two silver or copper wires submerged into synthetic groundwater. The effects of wire diameter, ionic strength of groundwater, and other POUWT parameters on metallic ion release were analyzed. We determined that the silver wire apparatus need only to be run for 2 min at 9 V to yield the target 50 µg/L concentration for water treatment. The 50 µg/L silver yielded up to a 5-log reduction in E. coli bacteria. The copper wire apparatus was excluded in prototype fabrication because it required 62 min to release the target 500 µg/L for disinfection when nine volts were applied to the system and was less effective in disinfection than silver wires. The electrolytic prototype was evaluated in 20 households in Limpopo, South Africa, over a four-week period. The device achieved a 2-log reduction in total coliform bacteria in household drinking water, which is comparable to the field performance of other POUWT devices in low-resource settings. The device also consistently released enough silver sufficient for disinfection while remaining below the WHO drinking water guideline.
From a Hard to Soft Approach for Flood Management in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Integrating Ecological Engineering for Urban Sustainability in My Tho City
Authors: Long Nguyen Van , Le Tu Dam Ngoc , Nguyen Ho , Khanh Duong Van , The Ngo Thi Minh , Do Duy Thinh , Cheng Yuning
Published: March 2022

Flooding is one of the leading challenges faced by delta cities in the world. Flood risk management using flood control infrastructure (FCI) is a popular solution to prevent flood damage; however, this is receiving enormous criticism due to its negative impacts on urban ecosystems. Recently, there have been new approaches to flood risk management that gradually shifted the focus away from FCI, such as ecological infrastructure (EI) based approaches. However, the conventional thinking that cities cannot be safe without FCI seems an immutable one, especially in developing countries. This study firstly assessed human–river interaction in direct relation to FCI and outlined the limitations of FCI. Then, an urban ecology research model was used to conduct a case study in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), in which the interaction between factors, including riverine urbanization, FCI formation dynamics, the changing hydrological regime, flood risk, and riverine ecosystem degradation were evaluated. Due to the dynamism and complexity of the interactions between humans and rivers at the VMD, this study attempts to demonstrate that building the ability to adapt to flood risks based on EI will have a crucial role in enhancing the sustainability of delta cities. Through a case study in My Tho City (MTC) a flood resilience management scenario for a riverine urban area along the Mekong River was developed to discuss the role of EI in flood risk reduction and the restoration of riverine native ecosystems. The findings from this study suggests that EI should be considered as an effective and indispensable design tool for the conservation of riparian ecological corridors and public open spaces—which is a major challenge for urban areas in the context of increasing climate change impacts in the VMD.
Benthic Macroinvertebrate Diversity as Affected by the Construction of Inland Waterways along Montane Stretches of Two Rivers in China
Authors: Dou Peng , Wang Xuan , Lan Yan , Cui Baoshan , Bai Junhong , Xie Tian
Published: March 2022

Building inland waterways affects the natural structure, formation, and extent of the riverbed and riparian zone. It alters the hydrology and sediment deposition conditions and hence damages the aquatic ecosystem. To address the effects of the construction of inland waterways on the riverine biome, benthic macroinvertebrate communities were compared at different building stages of inland waterways along a gradient of shipping traffic density at two montane rivers in China. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index of the benthic macroinvertebrate communities ranged from 0.4 to 1.6; the lowest value was recorded in the completed inland waterway, while the highest value was recorded in the unaffected stretch. Principal component analysis and canonical correlation analysis showed the communities in the inland waterways to be distinct from those in the natural riparian habitats. Our results suggest that benthic macroinvertebrate communities can reflect the damage done by the hydromorphological modifications caused by building inland waterways. Benthic macroinvertebrate diversity and abundance should therefore be included when assessing the impact of building and operating inland waterways.
Reuse of Textile Dyeing Wastewater Treated by Electrooxidation
Authors: Pinto Cláudia , Fernandes Annabel , Lopes Ana , Nunes Maria João , Baía Ana , Ciríaco Lurdes , Pacheco Maria José
Published: March 2022

Wastewater reuse has been addressed to promote the sustainable water utilization in textile industry. However, conventional technologies are unable to deliver treated wastewater with the quality required for reuse, mainly due to the presence of dyes and high salinity. In this work, the feasibility of electrooxidation, using a boron-doped diamond anode, to provide treated textile dyeing wastewater (TDW) with the quality required for reuse, and with complete recovery of salts, was evaluated. The influence of the applied current density on the quality of treated TDW and on the consecutive reuse in new dyeing baths was studied. The ecotoxicological evaluation of the process towards Daphnia magna was performed. After 10 h of electrooxidation at 60 and 100 mA cm−2, discolorized treated TDW, with chemical oxygen demand below 200 (moderate-quality) and 50 mg L−1 (high-quality), respectively, was obtained. Salt content was unchanged in both treatment conditions, enabling the consecutive reuse without any salt addition. For the two reuse cycles performed, both treated samples led to dyed fabrics in compliance with the most restrictive controls, showing that an effective consecutive reuse can be achieved with a moderate-quality water. Besides the water reuse and complete salts saving, electrooxidation accomplished an ecotoxicity reduction up to 18.6-fold, allowing TDW reuse without severe ecotoxicity accumulation.
Funds financial management approaches
Authors: Borisova O.
Published: March 2022

The successful development of the funds' finances makes it possible to remove some of the burden from the budgetary system of the Russian Federation. The generalization of their individual behavioral aspects in financial management allows you to effectively use the funds raised. A study of more than 1700 Russian funds over five years showed the predominance of working capital, their dependence on the size of sponsorship contributions and donations, income received from financial investments. The result is the recognition of the conservative financial policies of the funds as the most effective for managing capital for sustainable development.
Problems of legal regulation of the digital services market
Authors: Usova N. , Loginov M. , Plakhtiy E.
Published: March 2022

The service sector occupies a significant share in the national economy and the issues of legal regulation of this issue remain insufficiently studied. The digital services market is among the innovative and significant for ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy. The basis of this study was the regulatory legal acts regulating the digital services market. The authors, based on the methods of analysis, grouping and comparison, analyzed the development of the digital services market and the state of legal regulation of this market, which served as the basis for the proposed recommendations for further improvement of regulatory instruments of the market under study.
CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF LEADERSHIP COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF HIGHER EDUCATION: SITUATIVE THEORY "PATH-GOAL"
Authors: NESTULYA S.
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the specifics of the content of training of future teachers in higher education in the context of mastering the situative theory of "path-goals" Mitchell and House during the study of the discipline "Leadership and guidance". The essence of the theory in the context of educational management, which is to assume that research and teaching staff of higher education institutions are satisfied and productive when there is a strong link between their efforts and performance, as well as between performance and reward. It was found that there is a direct relationship between the level of leadership effectiveness of top management of higher education and the level of motivational strength of expectations that have research and teaching staff.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN’S CREATIVITY FORMATION
Authors: PASICHNICHENKO A.
Published: March 2022

The article contains a substantiation of the urgency of the issue of preschool children’s creativity formation. A number of approaches to defining the category ‘creativity,’ its components, and parameters for assessing creativity are analyzed. It is noted that modern science contains different approaches to creativity analysis and defines it as the ability to produce new, original ideas and offer non-standard solutions. It is emphasized that the category ‘creativity’ is used in some scientific studies as a synonym for ‘creation,’ but has its specific features. Creative activity is the foundation, a prerequisite for the individual’s creative potential development. It is indicated that preschool age is a sensitive period for creative component development. Creativity is defined as one of a preschool child’s key personality traits, which characterizes the child’s active position, readiness for spontaneous decisions, curiosity, ability to verbally comment on the process and result of their activities, stable motivation, developed imagination, and ability to create creative images, which are original, varied and mobile.

The article identifies the main psychological and pedagogical conditions for preschool children’s creativity formation. In particular, it emphasizes the need for a favorable psychological atmosphere, which provides a friendly attentive attitude on the part of the adult, support, praise, avoidance of inadequate criticism. Emphasis is placed on the need to create a developmental environment, all elements of which must contain the necessary incentives for creative potential, novelty, problems, designed to ensure and stimulate free choice and change of the child’s activities, to create problem situations relevant for their and available for their development. It is noted that essential conditions for creativity formation are the use of various means (experimentation, fairy tale) and the involvement of the child in various activities (play, art). Attention is focused on the fact that one of the factors of successful preschool children’s creativity formation is an adult. They should offer a personal example of a creative approach to non-standard problem solving, provide a positive example of creative behavior and create conditions for its imitation.
A Predicting Analysis of Academic Staff’s Motivation to Teach Online in a Nigerian University
Authors: Itasanmi Sunday Abidemi , Ekpenyong Violet Oyo , Akintolu Morakinyo , Ajani Oluwatoyin Ayodele
Published: March 2022

This study examined the predictors of academic staff motivation for online teaching in a Nigerian University. Theory of Planned Behaviour served as the conceptual foundation for the study. A survey design was adopted and a total of one hundred and nine-five (195) academic staff participated in the study from a university that was purposefully chosen for the study. A questionnaire tagged ‘Academic Staff’s Motivation for Online Teaching Survey (SMOTS)’ adapted from Chi (2015) was used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of six domains - demographics, online teaching consideration, perception of online teaching, motivation for online teaching concerning resources, motivation for online teaching with respect to external factors and general motivation to teach online. Data were analyzed using percentages and frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, multiple regression analysis, Pearson Correlation, T-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Results of the study revealed that the perception of online teaching and academic staff’s motivation for online teaching regarding external factors had a positive significant contribution to the general motivation of academic staff to teach online. Also, age was found to have a significant influence on academic staff’s motivation to teach online indicators (perception of teaching online, motivation to teach online regarding resources, and motivation to teach online regarding external factors). Hence, it was concluded that adequate consideration must be given to these identified contributing factors to motivation for online teaching among academic staff by those who design and implement online teaching initiatives in the university to sustain academic staff’s interest in online teaching over time. Equally, policy decisions on online teaching in the university should be based on clear objectives for the generality of the academic staff irrespective of age, gender, marital status, and faculty rank.
Effect оf Excipients оn the Physicochemical Properties of Phytosyrup
Authors: Бондаренко А.С. , Гладух Е.В.
Published: March 2022

При разработке лекарственных препаратов особая роль отводится вопросам стабильности, биодоступности, приемлемым органолептическим свойствам и созданию комфортных условий приема. Все эти вопросы решаются путем введения в лекарственные формы вспомогательных веществ, которые оказывают влияние на их физико-химические свойства. Цель исследования. Определение физико-химических свойств разработанного фитосиропа и изучение влияния на них вспомогательных веществ. Материалы и методы. В соответствии с требованиями Государственной фармакопеи Украины нами были исследованы физико-химических показатели: описание, вязкость, относительная плотность, значение pH. Результаты. В ходе исследований была установлена зависимость физико-химических свойств разработанного сиропа от концентраций таких вспомогательных веществ, как сорбит и пропиленгликоль. В результате микробиологических исследований было обосновано использование в качестве консервантов сочетания нипагина с нипазолом.

In the development of drugs, a special role is given to stability, bioavailability, acceptable organoleptic properties and the creation of comfortable reception conditions. All these issues are solved by introducing into the dosage form auxiliary substances that affect their physicochemical properties. Purpose. To determine the physicochemical properties of the developed phytosyrup and study the influence of excipients on them. Materials and methods. Methods of physical and chemical research in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine have been used: description, viscosity, relative density, pH value. Results. In the course of the research, the dependence of the physicochemical properties of the developed syrup on the concentrations of such auxiliary substances as sorbitol and propylene glycol was established. As a result of microbiological studies, the combination of nipagin with nipazole as preservatives was justified.
Main Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Артишевский С.Н.
Published: March 2022

В представленной работе изложены общие вопросы этиологии и патогенеза формирования атопического дерматита, его эпидемиологические особенности. Автор подробно изложил главные и дополнительные диагностические критерии. Рассмотрены особенности клинической картины заболевания в зависимости от возрастной периодизации, характера течения заболевания и распространенности процесса. Дана оценка тяжести по международной системе SCORAD, которая лежит в основе ступенчатого подхода к лечению атопического дерматита у детей и взрослых. Изложены подходы к лечению, включая немедикаментозные методы и базисную терапию эмолиентами, направленную на восстановление водно-липидного барьера кожи, восстановление регенерации кожного покрова, а также особенности терапии осложненного атопического дерматита бактериальной, грибковой инфекцией. Медикаментозная терапия представлена топическими и системными лекарственными средствами. Наружная терапия состоит из топических кортикостероидных препаратов и ингибиторов кальциневрина. Дана классификация наружных средств, показания к их применению, побочные эффекты, а также тактика назначения в зависимости от клинического состояния. Лекарственные препараты системного действия представлены антигистаминными, системными кортикостероидами, циклоспорином. Подробно изложены показания для каждой группы препаратов, особенности тактики их назначения и побочные эффекты, которые они вызывают.

The paper presents general questions of the etiology and pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, its epidemiological features. The author described in detail the main and additional diagnostic criteria. The features of the clinical picture of the disease depending on the age periodization, the nature of the course of the disease and the prevalence of the process are considered. The severity assessment is based on the international SCORAD system, which is the basis of a step-by-step approach for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adults. Treatment approaches are described, including non-drug methods and basic therapy with patients aimed at restoring the water-lipid barrier of the skin, restoring and regenerating the skin, as well as features of the treatment of complicated atopic dermatitis with bacterial and fungal infection. Drug therapy is represented by topical and systemic medications. External therapy consists of topical corticosteroid medications and calcineurin inhibitors. The classification of external agents, indications for their use, side effects, and tactics of appointment depending on the clinical condition are given. Systemic medications are represented by antihistamines, systemic corticosteroids, and cyclosporine. The indications for each group of drugs, the specific tactics of their administration and the side effects they cause are described in detail.
democracia representativa frente a la estrategia populista de polarización
Authors: Peruzzotti Enrique
Published: March 2022

El artículo analiza las causas que han llevado al populismo a establecerse como la principal amenaza a las democracias representativas realmente existentes. La irrupción de los populismos contemporáneos supuso el fin del consenso democrático que se había consolidado a lo largo de la tercera ola de democratización. Dicho consenso estaba predicado en cierta concepción de la democracia: la liberal-representativa. En un período en que las formas abiertamente dictatoriales han perdido legitimidad, el populismo adquiere protagonismo como narrativa democrática alternativa. Sin embargo, su estrategia política de polarización genera mas riesgos que soluciones a la crisis de representación actual.
Cuidado intergeneracional como estrategia de sobrevivencia en contextos de desigualdad social
Authors: Souto Maior Aline
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo busca debatir la centralidad del cuidado intergeneracional, representado por las redes femeninas de cuidado, en las cuales las abuelas tienen un rol primordial, para garantizar la reproducción social en el contexto brasileño actual. Los límites de las condiciones de vida y de trabajo que enfrentan las familias urbanas pobres les impone grandes dificultades para hacer frente a la inseguridad laboral, el desempleo, los bajos salarios, unido a la ausencia o precariedad de servicios y beneficios dirigidos al apoyo a las familias en lo que se refiere a garantizar cuidados necesarios para el bienestar de sus miembros. Es importante analizar la importancia de estas redes intergeneracionales en el contexto de la protección social, destacando sus contradicciones en lo que se refiere a relaciones de género, clase, raza y etnia.
Efecto de la suplementación con proteína aislada de soya y ejercicios de resistencia en adultos mayores que viven en una comunidad: un estudio cuasiexperimental
Authors: Álvarez Córdova Ludwig Roberto , Arteaga Pazmiño Cecilia Liceth , Salcedo Martínez Doménica Marcela , Alonso Quintana Joseline Verónica , Sánchez Briones Melissa Michael , Fonseca Pérez Diana , Frias-Toral Evelyn
Published: March 2022

Introducción: la sarcopenia es una condición que se puede asociar con la edad, caracterizada por la declinación funcional y estructural del músculo esquelético estriado. La suplementación con proteína, en combinación con ejercicio de resistencia, es el tratamiento principal para contrarrestar la sarcopenia o dinapenia en adultos mayores. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con proteína aislada de soya y el ejercicio de resistencia sobre la fuerza muscular y composición corporal en adultos mayores, que viven en una comunidad urbana marginal de Ecuador. Métodos: se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental, con una duración de 12 semanas en 70 adultos mayores (65 años o más) con dinapenia o baja masa muscular. Los participantes recibieron 10 g de proteína aislada de soya al día y realizaron entrenamiento de fuerza. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Las variables se probaron con T de Student, U de Mann Whitney y Chi cuadrado. Resultados: se encontró un aumento estadísticamente significativo en la fuerza prensil de mano en mujeres (17 [15,5-21] kg frente a 20 [16,7-23] kg; p = 0,0001), pero no en hombres; y aumento de la masa muscular (39,1 [35,6-44,3] kg frente a 39,9 [35,9-45,5]; p = 0,024) en ambos sexos. La masa grasa corporal total y la grasa visceral disminuyeron en los dos grupos. Conclusión: la suplementación con proteína aislada de soya junto con ejercicio de resistencia durante 12 semanas mejoró la fuerza muscular en mujeres y la composición corporal en hombres y mujeres en la muestra estudiada. Palabras clave: suplementos dietéticos, terapia por ejercicio, sarcopenia, adulto mayor, fuerza muscular.
Estudio espectroscópico infrarrojo y ultravioleta de ésteres carboxílicos perfluorados simples
Authors:   , Varetti Eduardo Lelio
Published: March 2022

En los últimos años han sido publicados numerosos trabajos referentes al estudio de los espectros de absorción en la zona del infrarrojo de compuestos perfluorados del carbono. Sin embargo, prácticamente no existe información acerca de los ésteres alifáticos perfluorados, inclusive desde el punto de vista preparativo. Al iniciar este trabajo sólo se conocían el fluroroformiato de perfluorometilo, existiendo además una breve mención de Hasseldine al perfluoroacetato de perfluorometilo. Poco tiempo después apareció publicada una síntesis del carbonato de perfluorometilo, aunque con rendimiento considerablemente bajo. En el primer y último casos fueron comunicadas las frecuencias correspondientes a las bandas de infrarrojo más intensas, juntamente con una asignación tentaiva de las mismas.
Trabajo docente en equipo y el cumplimiento de los compromisos de gestión escolar en las instituciones de educación básica
Authors: Díaz Yésica , Cusi Luz , Díaz Flor , Sucari Wilson
Published: March 2022

El objetivo fue determinar la relación entre el trabajo docente en equipo y el cumplimiento de los compromisos de gestión escolar en las instituciones educativas emblemáticas de nivel primario de la ciudad de Puno, 2019, Puno – Perú. El enfoque de investigación fue el cuantitativo, el tipo de investigación fue el no experimental, puesto que las variables carecieron de manipulación intencional, y su forma fue el descriptivo y correlacional; el método de investigación es el hipotético-deductivo. La población estuvo constituida por 129 docentes de las instituciones referidas. Para recabar la información se aplicó dos cuestionarios basados en las dos variables: trabajo docente en equipo y el cumplimiento de los compromisos de gestión escolar. Los resultados de la investigación evidencian que existe 61% de correlación positiva moderada entre ambas variables.
Syntheses, Characterization and Biochemical Behaviour of Tungsten Complex
Authors: Srivastava Vinay Kumar
Published: March 2022

The synthesis of new tungsten(V) dimeric thio complex with disulphido µ-sulphido bridge is reported Moreover, dithiocarbamate ligand is known to form stable Complex with many transition metals. The complex is of interest arises because of its versatile structure and biological activity. The tungsten complex was optimized and a description of the structural parameters is given. Finally the complex was examined as potential antimicrobial agents. © 2020 iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation. All rights reserved.
Comparative Study of Conventional and Fatty Acid Vesicular Systems – An Overview
Authors: Devi K Gayathri , PK Lakshmi
Published: March 2022

: Fatty acid vesicles are suspensions of closed lipid bilayers that are composed of fatty acids and their ionized species which are restricted to a narrow pH range. The fatty acid molecules are oriented in such a way that their hydrocarbon tails are directed toward the membrane interior and the carboxyl groups are in contact with water. Recent innovations provide an opportunity to formulate fatty acid vesicles with distinguishing features such as extension of pH range, insensitivity toward divalent cations, easy alteration in membrane composition, very simple systems in terms of chemical nature and enhanced stability properties. This review contains detail about the present stature of fatty acid vesicles, comparative study of fatty acid vesicles with conventional liposomes, unique features of fatty acid vesicles (dynamicity, stability, matrix effect etc.,) and key evaluation parameters of fatty acid vesicles. Fatty acid vesicles were found to have high penetration capacity, good bio-distribution properties, increased diffusion rate and optimum drug deposition nature than other vesicular forms. They have various applications in transdermal delivery, follicular delivery and in brain targeting drug delivery systems (drugs that are unable to cross blood brain barrier due to high solubility). This review focuses on various researches conducted on fatty acid vesicles with reference to its formulation and evaluation parameters. © 2020 iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation. All rights reserved.
Biosynthesis, Characterization and Biological Studies of Copper Nanoparticles from Methanolic Extract of Bulb of Zephyranthes citrina
Authors: Jayavel Prakash , Subramaniam Vedanayaki
Published: March 2022

This work reports the biosynthesis, characterization and biological studies of copper oxide nanoparticles using a methanolic extract of bulb of Zephyranthes citrina. The synthesised copper oxide nanoparticles were characterized by using various spectral techniques. The functional, structural and morphological studies were confirmed by FT-IR, XRD and SEM respectively. The elemental composition was determined by EDAX analysis. The various spectral data confirms the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles and is found to be orthorhombic, 18-50 nm of size and spherical in shape. The synthesised copper oxide nanoparticles were investigated for antibacterial activity against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis), gram negative (Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Klebseilla pneumoniae) and antifungal (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum) activities with different pathogens. The results revealed that copper oxide nanoparticles exhibit excellent inhibition efficiency against representative microorganisms. The outcome of the study could be useful for the development of value added products from indigenous medicinal plants. © 2020 iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation. All rights reserved.
Transnarodowość repatriantów z Kazachstanu — kłopoty z urzeczywistnieniem potencjału
Authors: Książek Joanna
Published: March 2022

Kazakh Poles arriving in Poland through the repatriation program still feel a close bond with the country where they were born, and for many of them it is an integral part of their daily existence. Maintaining regular contacts with Kazakhstan (direct or mediated by modern means of communication) and the family left there exerts a constant impact on the repatriates, and shapes their way of life. In this article, I attempt to highlight the actions or lifestyles that depend on this relationship, captured in the course of field research, using the categories of the theory of transnationality in the context of research on migration movements. By placing these activities and analysing them within the trans-local social network operating at various levels, I present a number of factors stimulating and hindering transnational activities. One of the outcomes of these deliberations is diagnosis of how the repatriates’ two-culture potential is put to use.