bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrition state of preschool children
Authors: Živanović Vladimir , Pelemiš Vladan , Branković Dragan
Published: July 2024

The aim of the research was to determine the state of nutrition of children of the older and preschool education group who attend kindergartens in the municipality of Belgrade. The measurement of anthropometric measures was carried out in the physical education halls at the beginning of February 2023. The research used the probability sampling method. The subjects of the research were children of the older and preschool age groups of the kindergarten "Čukarica" from Belgrade. The research determined possible statistical differences between age groups, as well as statistical differences between both sexes of both age groups. The results of the research indicate that there are no statistically significant differences in the nutritional status of children from Belgrade in PU "Čukarica". When gender is taken as a parameter, it can also be concluded that children do not differ significantly in the state of their nutrition. In relation to the educational group to which they belong, it can be concluded that the nutritional indices of children of the older preschool group are significantly lower compared to the preschool group. This indicates that the anthropometric measurements of children correspond to their age and natural factors that influence physical development. The equality of the nutrition index between children from different groups is also observed, which indicates that their nutrition is in accordance with the age and specifics of physical development. The authors recommend further monitoring of children's growth and development before entering school.
Asperger Syndrome second language learners' comprehension and oral production in storytelling classes: A case study
Authors: Chen Hsin-Chieh
Published: July 2024

Individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS) often face difficulties in social communication and language skills, encompassing comprehension and production in both their first and second languages. English as a second language has been one of the most common communication tools and a school subject for decades in Asia; therefore, mastering English becomes crucial including individuals with AS. Prior studies on AS focused on first language development in adolescence. However, few explored second language learning especially the comprehension and oral production in preschoolers in a storytelling class-This study aimed to investigate the comprehension and oral production of a Taiwanese learner with AS in a storytelling setting. Data collection included a questionnaire, close-ended and open-ended questions related to storybooks, classroom observations, self-reports from the participant's mother, and clinical consultation documents. The study found that the participant with AS exhibited a higher level of interest in learning a second language, English, in storytelling classes. Moreover, he could comprehend the stories and answer related questions with a moderate to high degree of accuracy. These findings provide valuable insights for educators to guide and teach the second language within storytelling contexts to young learners with AS to not only motivate them but also support the young learners' development of comprehension and oral production in a second language.
Association between genetic variants in hsa-miR-27a and hsa-miR-146a genes and male infertility
Authors: Rajovski Srećko , Matijašević-Joković Suzana , Milanović Nikoleta , Radovanović Nemanja , Brkušanin Miloš , Savić-Pavićević Dušanka , Dobrijević Zorana , Brajušković Goran
Published: July 2024

Background: miRNAs have enormous potential to be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as therapeutic targets in male infertility and diseases of the reproductive system. This study aimed to investigate the association between the two functional genetic variants in the hsa-miR27a (rs2910164) and hsa-miR-146a gene (rs895819) and male infertility in North Macedonian population, as well as to test their association with the values of major seminal parameters. Methods: The case group included in this study comprised 158 men initially diagnosed with idiopathic male infertility. The control group included 126 age-matched healthy male volunteers who fathered at least one child. Results: We report the association of rs2910164 minor allele C for the first time with the increased susceptibility to asthenoteratozoospermia. Additionally, our results indicating the association of allele C with low sperm vitality are a novel finding. We did not demonstrate the association between genetic variant rs895819 and the risk of different types of male infertility. Still, the number of participants with CC genotype in subjects diagnosed with asthenoteratozoospermia was null, while in controls, it reached 7.2%. We further detected the rs895819 genotype-dependent difference in rapid progressive sperm motility. Conclusions: The association of rs2910164 and rs895819 with idiopathic male infertility in general is unlikely. However, both of these variants show an association with certain types of male infertility and with sperm abnormalities, which need to be confirmed in later studies in different ethnic groups.
The effectiveness of different bio preparations on the seed and market quality of organic produced soybean
Authors: Dimitrijević Snežana , Filipović Vladimir , Buntić Aneta , Milić Marija , Ugrenović Vladan , Popović Vera , Perić Vesna
Published: July 2024

In the previous period, research was carried out with a focus on the application of various types of microbiological preparations in order to influence their possible influence on the morphological, productive and qualitative properties of industrial plants. Research was conducted in the period from 2015 to 2023 both in the open field and in laboratory conditions. In the group of industrial plants, oil, protein, medicinal, aromatic and spice plants were investigated. This paper shows the influence of certain biopreparations on the treatment of organic soybean seeds before sowing and during cultivation. For that purpose, mixtures of microbiological strains (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus simplex, Bacillus amiloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megatherium, Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azotobacter chroococum) were used, with the addition of liquid fertilizers of plant origin enriched with K, Ca and Mg. The use of microbiological strains in the cultivation of organic soybeans has a significant effect on increasing the content of proteins and vegetable oils in soybeans, as well as on the values of morphological parameters and yield in the crop of organically produced soybeans. Microbiological preparations have the potential to contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural systems. The use of selected microbiological cultures for treatment during the inoculation of soil and seeds in the cultivation of industrial plants is reflected in the improvement of the nutritional and functional properties of plants, which are an excellent source of valuable food ingredients.
Lettuce seedlings quality: The effects of white and blue light exposure
Authors: Luković Kristina , Adžić Slađan , Zečević Veselinka , Đurić Nenad , Perišić Vladimir , Gavrilović Bojana , Rakonjac Aleksandra
Published: July 2024

In the Balkans, the production of globally cultivated green leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) can be slow due to reduced quality and intensity of solar insolation. Our research aimed to investigate the effects of artificial illumination and the duration of light exposure on the growth and quality of two lettuce genotypes seedlings: Genesis and Jukebox. The research was conducted at the Institute for Vegetable Crops Smederevska Palanka, Serbia. Lettuce seeds were sown in 9 styrofoam containers per genotype, filled with commercial substrate. In the phase of three leaves, plants were placed in plant growth chambers under multispectral white (W) LEDs and monochromatic blue (B) LEDs (three containers per LED and genotype), while three containers were kept in the greenhouse and served as control. The plants were cultured in plant growth chambers for 25 days under a 9h/15h and 10h/14h (light/dark) photoperiod, to simulate outdoor conditions. Morphological growth parameters (number of leaves and plant weight) were measured on the 11th and 25th days. Chlorophyll content was measured on the 4th, 11th, 18th and 25th days. Plants grown under W and B LEDs had a significantly higher number of leaves, plant weight, and chlorophyll content than plants grown in a greenhouse. Using energy-efficient white and blue LED lights in lettuce seedling production during 18-25 days positively impacts seedling quality, and with this seedling production, the plants can achieve high yields and quality.
Religious catechism in Serbian schools since 1990 until today: Reasons for implementation, actual situation and perspectives
Authors: Todorović Dragan , Đorđević Dragoljub , Kuburić Zorica
Published: July 2024

Religious education was introduced into the system of institutional education in Serbia in the autumn of 2001. The decision on the new subject was made at the political level, in line with a special decree by the Serbian government and Zoran Đinđić, PhD, Serbian Prime Minister at the time, without an official approval of the relevant ministry. After two decades of teaching Religious Education in the Serbian educational system, a question arises about the assessment of the results and impact of religious education in Serbian state-funded primary and secondary schools. To what extent do the secular school program, based on positive scientific knowledge, and the dogmatic confessional approach to matters of socialization and upbringing of complete persons coincide or clash with each other? Following a short historical overview of the presence of religious education in Serbia, the focus of this paper is to offer a critical review of religious education textbooks and the status of religious education teachers, achievements and effects of two-decade implementation of religious catechism in Serbian schools, functions of religious education in state-funded schools, and present-day discussions of Serbian experts of different profiles regarding the place and advantages of the confessional model of religious catechism in Serbia's educational system. At the end of the paper, the authors submit a proposal for the ways in which religious education can be improved in Serbia.
Contemporary considerations of the relationship between science and religion
Authors: Đurić Drago , Nurkić Petar
Published: July 2024

Modern debates on science and religion draw wide audiences due to the popularity of the subject. Yet, these audiences often lack in-depth knowledge about both fields, which leads them to firmly support one side, usually retaining their core beliefs even after the debate. This paper explores several possible relationships between science and religion: conflict, independence, dialogue, and integration. We challenge the view that science and religion are independent, operating on separate grounds, and assert that similar problems hold true for dialogue and integration. Beliefs formed at an early age are difficult to correct, and dialogue rarely alters deep-rooted convictions, frequently causing conflicts. The paper advocates that early education about the nature of science and religion is a key strategy in mitigating or preventing conflicts between the two.
Causes and manifestations of homicide resulting from domestic violence in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Kolarić Dragana , Marković Saša
Published: July 2024

As for the nature and scope of the research, we emphasize that it included: the nature of the objects used in cases involving homicide; crime scene; family relationships between the perpetrator and the victim; measures taken by state authorities; analysis of the causes of depriving family members of their lives; the number of suicides following the cases of homicide, and types of homicides. The methods used include primarily the statistical method, at the level of descriptive statistics; case study method; content analysis method, and formal-logical method. It has been found that the application of the pre-crime concept gives certain positive results that are related to our research problem. They are reflected in the reduced number of victims deprived of their lives as a result of domestic violence. On the other hand, however, we notice a negative tendency of an increased number of homicides in the events involving perpetrators/repeat offenders who were previously reported due to domestic violence, which may bring into question the effectiveness in the acting of the competent state authorities.
Military service as part of Serbian ethos
Authors: Stanar Dragan , Starčević Srđan
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to describe and explain why mandatory military service represents the optimal military model in the Republic of Serbia, from the insufficiently explored perspective of the position and nature of the military in Serbian national ethos. The authors analyze the previously provided key arguments for conscription and, furthermore, identify the characteristics of Serbian collective ethos in order to precisely define the role and nature of the military constituted by the accumulated Serbian historical experience. By comparing different contemporary models of armed forces, their advantages, disadvantages, implications and social nature, the authors conclude that conscription is compatible with Serbian national ethos and the characteristics of Serbian national identity and that, as such, it represents the optimal military model in the Republic of Serbia.
Romanipe on every road - Varadi Tibor, Đorđević Dragoljub B., Todorović Dragan, editors : Contribution of the Roma to the Culture of the People in Serbia: Proceedings from the scientific gathering held on 22nd October 2021, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, 2022
Authors: Popović-Nikolić Danijela
Published: July 2024

Various phenomena from the field of Roma people's culture encourage Romologists to conduct scientific studies, particularly those which would contribute to new findings in the sphere of intercultural relations and the recent status of spiritual manifestations. This paper elaborates the results of the research presented at the scientific gathering organized by the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and published in the collection entitled Contribution of the Roma to the Culture of the People in Serbia. The researchers dedicate special attention to modern phenomena in different fields of spiritual culture: literature, music, language, forms of cultural organization etc.
The influence of social mobility on the reconstruction of identity among international students: Case study of Serbia
Authors: Vesković-Anđelković Milica
Published: July 2024

The article investigates the influence of social mobility on the personal identity of international students during their stay abroad or upon returning to their home countries. The analysis data were collected through a questionnaire. In the introduction and theoretical section of the paper, we examine social mobility and its potential in post-socialist Serbia. We operationalize social mobility through educational attainment, comparing the education levels of parents and students. We assume that identity is fluid and subject to reconstruction based on the social context and inclusion in various practices. We utilized the binary regression analysis to assess the impact of social mobility alongside other socio-demographic factors. The findings indicate that the mothers' education level and the duration of the respondents' stay abroad significantly influence students' perceptions of personal identity changes.
Locomotor injuries in combat sports: Systematic review
Authors: Živković Mladen , Mekić Amel , Furunović Slobodan , Stojanović Nikola , Milošević Nikola , Đošić Anđela , Živković Danijela
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research was to systematize the available literature on the types and frequency of locomotor injuries in combat sports. The sample consisted of martial arts athletes (judo, karate, wrestling, boxing and taekwondo) of both sexes, aged 11-49 years. Survey questionnaires and medical reports were used as measuring instruments for assessing injuries in the research. The found data, presented numerically and in percentages, were used for further analysis. The results of this research show that the characteristics of injuries of the locomotor system in martial arts usually do not depend on the sex of the respondents. There is a higher frequency of injuries in competitions and lower in training (except for under-18s). The most common locations of injuries (head and neck, extremities and joints), types of injuries (contusions, bruises and fractures), and severity of injuries (mild, moderate, or severe) depended on the characteristics of martial arts (sports techniques, tactics, physical and mental fitness, etc.). By applying additional methods, by improving physical preparation that is adequately dosed with the improvement of technical and tactical elements, injuries to athletes could be prevented.
The concept of Belarusian transport law
Authors: Sigaeva Tatyana
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the definition of the concept and place of transport law in the Belarusian legal system. It describes the discussion that takes place in the legal literature regarding the concept and place of transport law in the legal system, and modern approaches to the concept of the branch of law and the criteria for its definition in legal theory. On this basis, the author gives her own justification for the concept of Belarusian transport law as a branch of law.
Rights of the accused person in criminal proceedings and cross-border cooperation
Authors: Bugarski Tatjana , Pisarić Milana
Published: July 2024

The modern trends of life and work "without borders" result in an increase in cross-border crime, which also affects the increase in the number of criminal proceedings in which there is a need for the cooperation of competent authorities from several countries. In these cases, the high standard of rights of accused persons reached in Europe imposes the need for harmonization of regulations, primarily those related to the most important rights of the suspect or accused person, such as the right to information and the right to interpretation and translation. In the European Union, after the adoption of the Resolution on the road map for strengthening the procedural rights of accused persons in criminal proceedings (adopted by the Council in 2009) and since then several other directives and decisions relevant to this issue, a lot of time has passed, and various procedural solutions in states still exist, which is why it is necessary to further develop and harmonize these rules so as not to call into question the basic principles of international legal assistance in criminal matters, primarily the principle of mutual trust and the principle of mutual recognition of decisions. A significant step in the further development of cross-border cooperation in criminal matters at the level of the European Union is the proposal of the Regulation of the European Parliament and the Council on the transfer of criminal proceedings, from 2023, in relation to which the need for a firm and explicit establishment of the standard of the defendant's rights has already been highlighted by the professional public. Solutions that are not fully harmonized with the European Union regulations related to the rights of the accused person, which are also important for cross-border cooperation. In the paper, the authors deal with the analysis of the rights of accused persons in the relevant directives of the European Union and the rights given to them in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Serbia, primarily the right to information and the right to interpretation and translation.
On legal personhood of artificial intelligence
Authors: Miščević Nikolina , Savčić Sanja
Published: July 2024

Artificial intelligence is becoming an increasingly significant factor in social and economic life. As it is capable of performing a large portion of tasks as well as or even better and faster than humans, its use is becoming widespread, ranging from simple tasks in manufacturing plants to participating in online conclusion of contract and even in diagnostics and surgical procedures in medicine. Although it represents a huge potential for progress and development in society and the improvement of quality of life of an individual, it also brings significant risks. The question of the legal personhood of artificial intelligence was raised long before it became such a significant factor in legal transactions. However, in the last decade, it has become particularly relevant. Despite this, there is disagreement in the doctrine, both in terms of terminology and regarding whether artificial intelligence should be recognized as a legal subject or not. The paper presents various arguments on which authors advocating for the recognition of legal personhood of AI have based their stance, as well as reasons on which other authors base their skepticism towards expanding the circle of legal subjects in favor of artificial intelligence. At the end of the paper, based on the analysis of the presented views and arguments, the authors take a stance on whether and under what conditions legal personhood should be recognized to artificial intelligence.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Spectrum
of Kawasaki Disease or Independent Disease?
Authors: Cho Min-Jung
Published: July 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been associated with the emergence of the multisystem
inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), which has features that overlap with
Kawasaki disease - a childhood inflammatory vasculitis. Epidemiological,
clinical, and immunological investigations suggest that SARS-CoV-2 acts as an
additional infectious trigger for Kawasaki disease, leading to an exaggerated
phenotype along the same disease spectrum. On the other hand, many
epidemiological and clinical differences suggest that MIS-C is a distinct
syndrome, despite its phenotypic similarities to Kawasaki disease. We review
MIS-C, focusing on the pathophysiological and clinical aspects that discern it
from Kawasaki disease.
Integrative Treatment Combining Yin Qiao San with Doxycycline for Feline Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Shelter Cats: A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Eguchi-Coe Yuko , Shiau Deng-Shan , Ma Aituan , Kim Min Su
Published: July 2024

The efficacy of integrating the Chinese herbal medicine, Yin Qiao San (YQS), with doxycycline compared to doxycycline alone for treating feline upper respiratory infection (URI) was investigated. Thirty-five cats exhibiting clinical signs of URI were randomly assigned to the Control or Test group. All cats received 5 mg/kg dose of doxycycline. The Test Group additionally received YQS (dosed 50-100 mg/kg). All treatments were given twice daily for 10 days. Based on a 10-parameter URI clinical sign scoring system, improvement during the treatment period was analyzed. A subject was considered recovered from URI when scoring 0s on all signs for three consecutive days. Those who did not recover within 10 days continued having clinical sign scores assessed until recovery. In the Test Group, the mean recovery time was 9.3±3.6 days, which was significantly shorter (p=0.008) than the Control Group (14.0±6.0 days). The proportion of subjects recovered within 2 weeks was 94% (16/17) in the Test Group, which was significantly greater (p=0.002) than that in the Control Group (8/18=44%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was performed to determine pathogens present on Day 1. The two most common pathogens identified were feline herpesvirus-1 and Mycoplasma felis. No cat tested positive for influenza A or influenza H7N2. Co-infection with more than 1 pathogen was present in 22% of controls and 41% of the Test Group. These findings suggest that integrating YQS with doxycycline resulted in quicker recovery than doxycycline alone when treating cats suffering from feline infectious respiratory disease complex.
Auricular Medicine in Horses and Dogs: A Review and Technique Update
Authors: Petermann Uwe
Published: July 2024

Auricular acupuncture is a method for diagnosing and treating physical and visceral dysfunctions by stimulating a specific point on the ear. It is a biomedical approach to acupuncture based on the theory that the auricle or outer portion of the ear is a microsystem of acupuncture points arranged in a somatotopic pattern. These points have reflex connections to specific areas of the body representing distant neural reflex zones which a veterinary practitioner can effectively use for clinical diagnosis and therapy (auricular medicine). The ear points can be stimulated by a variety of techniques including manual pressure, acupuncture needles, beads, and low level laser. Although different from a traditional Chinese medicine approach, in recent years auricular medicine has increasingly integrated the traditional approach with the biomedical approach for an even broader approach to auriculotherapy. There is now nearly 70 years of experience with ear acupuncture in humans and nearly 40 years of experience in animals. This article outlines the ease at which laser auricular acupuncture can be used to diagnose and treat orthopedic and internal medicine diseases with introduction of the newest canine and equine ear acupuncture maps of organ and orthopedic auricular points.
The Countercyclical Benefits of Regulatory Costs
Authors: Mechanick Alexander , Weber Jacob P.
Published: July 2024

Legal academics, journalists, and senior executive branch officials alike have assumed that the cost of imposing new regulatory requirements is higher in severe recessions that drive the central bank’s policy rate to zero than in other times. This is not correct; the aggregate output costs of regulatory requirements decrease, not increase, in such recessions. This article is the first to analyze how this effect arises, drawing on both conventional macroeconomic models and empirical findings from the econometrics literature. Scholars and policymakers have likely missed the countercyclical benefits of regulatory costs because of informal, ad hoc macroeconomic assumptions embedded in regulatory analysis.
Escrevivência, lugar de fala e autoetnografia: a importância das pesquisas antirracistas
Authors: Cardoso Flavio Fortunato , Oliveira Lilian Blanck de
Published: July 2024

Um dos aspectos da colonialidade do saber é subalternizar conhecimentos e sabedorias construindo uma hierarquização do conhecimento. Na tentativa de problematizar e socializar determinados temas em seus termos e conceitos podemos, por vezes, os generalizar e ou universalizar olvidando suas singularidades e origens, tirando de grupos historicamente subalternizados o direito ao lugar de fala e de enunciação. Isso se dá quando nossa abertura para o diverso e o diferente está alicerçada em uma perspectiva multicultural diferencialista e/ou assimilacionista. O objetivo deste ensaio é perceber como, na busca de nos tornarmos pesquisadores/as antirracistas, podemos esvaziar certos sentidos e sensações de termos e/ou conceitos os retirando dos seus contextos de origem, universalizando o específico e fortalecendo o racismo epistêmico. Utilizamos o método qualitativo com ênfase na revisão bibliográfica e buscamos identificar possíveis equívocos no entendimento e utilização de conceitos como: Escrevivência (Evaristo, 2020) e Lugar de fala (Ribeiro, 2019). A problemática na utilização desses conceitos nos encaminha a pesquisas sobre o método autoetnográfico. Situado entre os métodos de pesquisa participantes, a autoetnografia possibilita a aproximação do(a) pesquisador(a) com o sujeito/território de pesquisa auxiliando-o(a) a lidar com seus próprios impulsos, sentimentos e emoções em relação ao objeto/sujeito de pesquisa e sua própria cultura. Uma investigação de perspectiva autoetnográfica se apresenta como um lugar de fala para pesquisadores/as, que, conscientes das exigências do caminhar em áreas de fronteira cultural utilizando as contribuições de pensadores(as) imersos nas temáticas e contextos em estudo; orientação metodológica cultural; autobiográfica na interpretação dos conteúdos acessados, continuam no exercício de letramento racial.
Is tracheomalacia a postoperative complication of Oesophageal Atresia with Tracheo-oesophageal Fistula ?
Authors: Pokharel Rameshwar Prasad , Maeda Kosaku , Ienaga Tetsuya , Yamamoto Tetsuo
Published: July 2024

Postoperatively survived 24 oesophageal atresia (EA) with tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TEF) infants were studied. Development of postoperative tracheomalacia (TM) is whether due to anomaly of tracheal structure or by surgical manipulation is not yet known well. We analyzed these factors in our infants. The onset of TM and tracheal structural anomalies in relation with sex, types of EA, TEF communicating level and gap between two oesophageal ends were analyzed. Surgical procedures during primary radical operation were evaluated according to the division of azygos vein or without it. A total of 11 infants developed postoperative TM within 98 + 88 days; 38% postoperative EA with TEF infants developed TM; only 14% of them had severe symptoms and needed aortopexy. Post-aortopexy (83%) improved well and are comfortable, for more than 33.8 + 35.3 months. However, mild to moderate symptomatic infants, managed conservatively, also improved and are asymptomatic for 88 + 46 months in the recent follow-up.
Male predominance was observed significant (p = 0.004) for the development of postoperative TM. Those who developed postoperative TM had only Gross C type of EA. Statistically Gross C type of EA showed significant relation (p = 0.02) with postoperative TM, whereas other types of EA could not show significant relation between them. However, statistical relationship with postoperative TM between TEF communicating level, gap between two oesophageal ends and division of azygos vein or without it, could not show significant differences. These findings suggested that sex of infants and type of EA play a significant role, and surgical procedure has only relative association to develop postoperative TM in EA with TEF corrected infants.
An Exploratory Study of Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Physically Disabled Children and Adolescents
Authors: Ojha Saroj P. , Nepal Mahendra K. , Regmi Shisir K. , Khalid Abdul , Koirala Naba Raj , Gurung Chitra K.
Published: July 2024

A two-stage study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems in physically disabled children and adolescents and also to study the patterns of psychiatric morbidity among them.
A stratified random sample of 100 institutionalized and non-institutionalized disabled children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years from among a total of 618 disabled children and adolescents were evaluated by using CBCL questionnaires, which were completed, by their parents or caretakers in the first stage study. All high scorers (above 98th percentile) and 20 percent of low scorers (below 98th percentile) on CBCL scores were interviewed by using DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis in the second stages.
The weighted prevalence of DSM-IV disorders among the physically disabled children and adolescents was 35.20 per cent. Boys were more often having problems than girls (1.6:1.0). Similarly, the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was higher in non-residential compared to the residential based group. The most common psychiatric disorder among these children and adolescents were depressive disorders (39.2%), enuresis (21.8%) and panic disorder (13.25). Females were more likely to suffer from depressive and panic disorders in contrast to the enuresis in males.
Emotional and behavioral problems as well as psychiatric disorders in the physically disabled children and adolescents in Nepal are much more common than those reported in the Western and Indian literatures.
Detection of multiple variations in human skulls
Authors: S.Bilodi Arun Kumar , Kumar G. Shiva , Sinha B.N.
Published: July 2024

Fifty adult human skulls were studied. Two out of fifty skulls showed multiple variations while other forty-eight skulls showed few anomalies eg, incomplete metopic sutures, wormian bones, absence of supra orbital notch and foramen.
Challenges for Measles Elimination in Nepal
Authors: Suvedi B.K.
Published: July 2024

In Nepal, immunization against measles in the public health sector was introduced in the fiscal year 1981/82. The coverage rate of the measles immunization has been gradually increasing to a level of around 80% in a national scale. However, there are many districts which are lagging behind to achieve the 80% target. Similarly, there remains a large pool of unimmunized infants in the country every year, which explains frequent outbreaks of measles every now and then. Besides there are other factors that challenge the goal of eliminating measles from Nepal. The challenges cover not only programmatic aspects but also issues like need to reach a very high immunization coverage for achieving herd immunity, vaccine efficacy and appropriate case management.
ULUSLARARASI YAKLAŞIMLA YAPAY ZEKÂ VE YAPAY ZEKÂ MARİFETİYLE DELİLLERE ERİŞİM
Authors: Kaya İslam Safa , Karabay Huzeyfe
Published: July 2024

Yapay zekânın günümüzde oldukça merak uyandıran kavramların başında geldiğini görmekteyiz. Bilimin pek çok alanında bugün yapay zekâ konuşulmaktadır. Artısıyla eksisiyle doktrinde tartışılan yapay zekâ, hukuk biliminin de ilgisini çekmeyi başarmıştır. Yapay zekâ kullanılarak geliştirilen uygulamalar, hukukun işini kolaylaştırmaya yarayacak şekilde işlerlik kazanmaktadır. Bilhassa ceza muhakemesinde delile erişimde yapay zekânın aktif olarak kullanılması yargı makamlarının işlerini kolaylaştıracaktır; ancak diğer taraftan da bu uygulama içerisinde soru işaretlerini de her zaman barındıracaktır. Zira delile erişen bir yapay zekânın yargılama makamlarını manipüle etme ihtimali hiçbir zaman gözlerden uzak tutulmamalıdır. Yapay zekâ uluslararası hukukun da bir parçası olmayı başarmıştır. Hâlihazırda Avrupa Birliği'nde yapay zekâyla ilgili kapsamlı kurallar hazırlanmaktadır. Bu kurallar yürürlüğe girdiğinde uluslararası çapta dünyanın ilk yapay zekâ kuralları olacaktır.
Application of the Experimental Method for Carbohydrate Content in Healthy and Nutritious Food Materials in Increasing Student Motivation at SDI Mutiara Islam Al Ittiba'
Authors: Viera Setyani  , Farida Catur Wahyu Anggriyani, M. Pd
Published: July 2024

Science learning often uses the lecture method which makes students less enthusiastic about learning. The aim of this research is to find out how the learning process works by applying experimental methods for carbohydrate content in healthy and nutritious food. This research uses interview and observation methods. Based on the results of research that has been carried out, it is easier for students to understand the material by using the experimental method. The experimental method is proven to provide experience and involve students directly in activities.
Prospects and epistemic challenges for using Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformers in higher education evaluation
Authors: Pedro Lucas
Published: July 2024

Every academic institution is shaken by the recent development of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, and although we still don't fully grasp all of its potential and hazards, it is worthwhile to offer some first analysis. Academic prospects for Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer are unparalleled because of its remarkable human-like skills, which outperform the majority of recently released tools. Over the past few months, Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer has received extraordinary interest from the news and academic community (as of 23/02/2023, there were 650,000,000 results in a Google search for the term). Since it is unlikely that the chatbot was designed with the intention of serving as a stand-in for academic writing, its use in academic writing is a byproduct of clever artificial intelligence. If given the chance, students everywhere would find a way around assessments, thus we are all worried that some students would take advantage of it despite its advantages. Although there isn't now a problem involving assessment integrity in academics, it is impossible to overlook the development of powerful artificial intelligence and tools that could facilitate cheating. Some of us think that the use of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer in assessments has some epistemic consequences; yet, these risks do not indicate that we will give up. Although we now know that certain university programs—like management studies and information technology—have a higher risk of academic dishonesty, educators are not new to the practice; rather, they are still learning about Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer. I don't see any strong arguments in favor of allowing its usage in assessments, even though it is unavoidable in certain academic contexts. Instead than teaching students to "copy and paste," they teach them to "think and write critically." Therefore, the fact that Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer passed the MBA and medical school exams should raise red flags.
An efficient Parallel solution for the CVRP using k-NN, Matlab, and CUDA
Authors: Hernández Aguilar José Alberto , Salinas-Carrasco Emanuel , Zavala-Díaz Crispin , Ponce-Gallegos Julio César
Published: July 2024

The nearest neighbor algorithm is analyzed to implement a solution to the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) to determine one or several routes of a fleet of vehicles with a specific load capacity. It is intended to take advantage of the power of GPUs to reduce the time needed to execute the algorithm significantly. The methodology implies a programming model and development scenarios. Firstly, the sequential nearest neighbor algorithm is analyzed to solve the CVRP, and its parallel implementation is discussed later. Matlab is used as a tool to implement CVRP and perform numerical and matrix calculations because it can interact with GPUs and CUDA. The effectiveness and efficiency of both implementations are tested in different CVRP instances in terms of execution time. The results indicate that parallel implementation is not just suitable but highly beneficial for large instances (greater than or equal to three hundred nodes).
Transfer Function Identification with Few-Shots Learning and a Genetic Algorithm Using Proposed Signal-Signature
Authors: Rivera Martín Montes , Aguilar Justo Marving Omar , Perez-Hernández Misael
Published: July 2024

Mathematical models help simulate system dynamics and identifying parameters impacts prediction and control. Various techniques exist for parameter estimation. The DC motor is commonly used for position and speed control due to its ease of use and precision, especially in low-power applications. However, accurately parameterizing with low error can be challenging. Few-shot learning, which involves identifying relevant parameters from a small amount of data, has gained popularity and is particularly useful when working with limited datasets. This work presents a new technique for identifying system transfer functions using few-shot learning. It assigns a unique signature value to each system and has been successfully tested on 1500 randomly generated systems. The approach reduced the search space significantly, enabling successful identification of all systems using a genetic algorithm. R-square values ranged from 0.99 to 1.0, with only 5% of samples falling out of range.
THE ECONOMIC PORTRAIT OF MENTOR BOUNIATIAN / ՄԵՆՏՈՐ ԲՈՒՆԻԱԹՅԱՆԻ ՏՆՏԵՍԱԳԻՏԱԿԱՆ ԴԻՄԱՆԿԱՐԸ
Authors: Harutyunyan Liana
Published: July 2024

The phenomenon of economic crises has been the subject of study of economic thought since ancient times. It received different interpretations in different economic schools. As the American economist and Nobel Prize laureate James Tobey rightly noted, the crisis marked the beginning of scientific ferment in the theory of economics. Armenian economic thought also addressed the issue of economic cycles and especially one of its stages - the crisis, in which, however, more was said not so much about its causes as about its consequences.
In the last decades of the 19th century, Armenian economists were more likely to analyze practical solutions to socio-economic issues and their philosophical, sociological and historical perspectives. There was a noticeable detachment from the latest trends in European theoretical economics. In this regard, a special place belongs to the Armenian economist Bouniatian, who for the first time examined the problem of economic crises in the Armenian economy from the point of view of the theory of the subjective school.
In the conditions of an unstable global economy, Bouniatian’s views with comments on speculation, credit abuse, disorganization of banking, the role of trust, recapitalization and overproduction reveal a certain connection with the processes existing in modern conditions, making the problem very relevant.
INTERRELATIONSHIP OF COMPONENTS OF THE "QUALITY OF LIFE" CATEGORY AND PROBLEMS IN THE RA / «ԿՅԱՆՔԻ ՈՐԱԿ» ԿԱՏԵԳՈՐԻԱՅԻ ԲԱՂԱԴՐԱՏԱՐՐԵՐԻ ՓՈԽԿԱՊԱԿՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԵՎ ՀԻՄՆԱԽՆԴԻՐՆԵՐԸ ՀՀ-ՈՒՄ
Authors: Petrosyan Kima , Urumyan Hovhannes , Mnatsakanyan Arshak
Published: July 2024

In the article, the dignified lifestyle of an individual is connected with the vitality of the state. The determining factors and their manifestation in Armenia are discussed. The spiritual needs of a person are considered in the context of meeting the complete needs of the quality of life. An attempt is made to reveal the interrelationships of the latter components, to evaluate them with the help of the non-parametric Pearson criterion. It is justified by the continuous decline of faith in the future of the country, which leads to the outflow of labor and capital, and the latter creates real preconditions for leaving the country, something that is a serious security challenge. A regression model of the trend characterizing the dynamics of external labor migration and a confidence interval were built, which allows to outline the predicted values of the levels in the short term. The priorities aimed at improving the situation are pointed out.
ASSESSMENT OF THE RA GOVERNMENT’S DEBT DYNAMICS FOR 2018-2023 / ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՆՐԱՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՊԱՐՏՔԻ
2018-2023ԹԹ. ՇԱՐԺԸՆԹԱՑԻ ԳՆԱՀԱՏԱԿԱՆԸ
Authors: Nersisyan Armine , Baghdasaryan Vahan
Published: July 2024

Studies show that public debt is mainly the result of imbalances in fiscal policy. One of the main reasons for the creation and increase of debt is the state budget deficit.
The factor analysis of the trend of the RA government's debt/GDP indicator showed that the latter is quite vulnerable, because the economy of RA is highly dependent on the developments in the countries that are the main trading partners. In this context, the irregular or sharp devaluation of the Armenian dram, together with the deterioration of a number of economic indicators, can dramatically increase both the public debt/GDP ratio and require more money from the state budget for the payment of principal and interest on the public debt. In recent years, the RA government has tried to stimulate economic growth with the help of borrowed funds, as a result, the borrowed funds increased the state debt, but did not lead to significant economic growth.
Definitely, Government of RA can reduce the imbalance by increasing state budget revenues, reducing expenditures, or both at the same time.
SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY AND FINANCE: ESG INTEGRATION AND CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY IN FINANCIAL MARKETS / ԿԱՅՈՒՆ ՏՆՏԵՍՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ և ՖԻՆԱՆՍՆԵՐ. ESG ԻՆՏԵԳՐՈՒՄԸ ԵՎ ԿՈՐՊՈՐԱՏԻՎ ՊԱՏԱՍԽԱՆԱՏՎՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՖԻՆԱՆՍԱԿԱՆ ՇՈՒԿԱՆԵՐՈՒՄ
Authors: Arakelyan Gurgen
Published: July 2024

The merging of environmental, social and governance (ESG) principles and corporate responsibility in financial institutions is crucial to the promotion of a sustainable economy. This article examines the implications of this fusion for long-term value creation and stakeholder engagement. Regulatory measures such as the European Union's Non-Financial Reporting Directive have initiated this metamorphosis, emphasizing openness and accountability. By incorporating ESG standards into investment tactics, financial institutions can better manage risks and identify opportunities, thereby increasing their effectiveness and sustainability. Corporate responsibility underscores the moral imperative for financial institutions to operate with honesty and societal concern, building trust with stakeholders. Despite progress, barriers remain in areas such as revenue management and stakeholder engagement. Cooperative efforts between regulators, industry players and civil society are essential to promote a sustainable economy and ensure a durable financial structure.
Schiff Base: Synthetic Procedure and Pharmacological Activities
Authors: Rathore Neha , Jain Vikas Kumar , Chaturvedi Prerna , Singhai Aayushi
Published: July 2024

Schiff bases are important compounds formed from primary amines and carbonyl compounds. These compounds have a functional group called imine or azomethine and are of great interest in pharmaceutical research for their unique biological properties. In our study, we generated the schiff base of the bactericidal medication sulphamethoxazole using aromatic aldehydes as treatments. The resulting schiff bases were restored to their ion forms by treating them with methyl group halide. These compounds have various biological effects and are significant to the industry. The synthesis of schiff base compounds using this method is environmentally friendly and financially appealing.
Phyllanthus Engleri and other Species: Traditional and Medicinal Values
Authors: Maddheshiya Anita , Ali Syed Salman , Sethi Vandana Arora
Published: July 2024

Phyllanthus Engleri an annual plant of the kingdom Plantae is one of the most popular traditional herbal medicines, and its fruits are used to cure a wide range of illnesses, including fever, stomachaches, kidney cancer, and digestive disorders. Phyllanthus Engleri contains various phytochemicals, with screening mainly identifying constituents like flavonoids, phenols, saponins, alkaloid, Tannins etc. These compounds contribute to plants potential medicinal properties. Among their many advantageous qualities are their anti-inflammatory, anti-mutation, anti-carcinogenic, and ability to regulate key cellular enzyme functions. Phenols often contribute to the medicinal properties of plants. Alkaloids are another class of compound found in various plants. According to preliminary research, Phyllanthus Engleri may also be useful in treating cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and a host of other illnesses. However more research is required to confirm its efficacy and safety for specific medical applications including liver treatment. Conducting research on Urolithic with Phyllanthus Engleri because their gap in the existing studies, and previous research has specifically explored the nephroprotective potential of Phyllanthus Engleri extract which could potentially lead to development of nephroprotectivity treatments or therapies using this extract.