bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Територіальність у гуманітарному просторі: наукові рефлексії
Authors: Литвин Володимир Михайлович
Published: April 2021

Статтю присвячено осмисленню феномена територіальності в контексті формування стратегічних пріоритетів розвитку вітчизняної соціогуманітаристики та реалізації напрямів і завдань державної регіональної політики. Підкреслено, що геополітичні випробування, перед якими опинилася Україна, змушують актуалізувати пошук теоретичних побудов у сфері вирішення конфліктів, а також репрезентацію інформаційно-аналітичного та прогностичного потенціалу сучасної науки. Утвердження нової культури інноваційного мислення потребує від наукової спільноти міждисциплінарного аналізу проблем територіальної ідентичності та ментальності, національної та історичної пам'яті, регіональної свідомості та локальних рівнів самоорганізації соціуму. Доведено, що пошук консолідаційних ідей та інтеграційних механізмів, обстоювання територіальної цілісності та непорушності кордонів мають стати цільовими орієнтирами соціогуманітарних досліджень, потужними чинниками формування національної ідентичності та єдності. Ґрунтована на такому фундаменті просторова аналітика не лише дасть змогу запобігти різноманітним загрозам та викликам, генерувати моделі динамічного та збалансованого регіонального розвитку України, а й кардинально змінить ставлення суспільства до можливостей соціогуманітарної науки.
Про Національну доповідь НАН України «Україна як цивілізаційний суб’єкт історії та сучасності»
Authors: Пирожков Сергій Іванович
Published: April 2021

На розгляд Президії НАН України представлено Національну доповідь «Україна як цивілізаційний суб’єкт історії та сучасності», яку було підготовлено фахівцями установ Секції суспільних і гуманітарних наук НАН України. Автори Національної доповіді зробили спробу відповісти на питання, яким чином Україна може утвердитися як повноцінний суб’єкт світової цивілізаційної системи в нинішніх умовах гібридного світового порядку та геополітичної турбулентності. Комплексно вивчено історичні передумови, специфіку, чинники та проблеми, пов’язані з набуттям Україною цивілізаційної суб’єктності в сучасному світі. Докладно про-аналізовано уявлення громадян України про ступінь самостійності держави в різних сферах внутрішньо- та зовнішньополітичної активності, а також ставлення міжнародних партнерів до суб’єктності України. Визначено перспективи цивілізаційної суб’єктності України у ХХІ ст. та окреслено шляхи її посилення в політичній, економічній, міжнародно-правовій і духовно-культурній сферах.
Про результати наукових досліджень українських учених в Антарктиці
Authors: Бахмутов Володимир Георгійович
Published: April 2021

Доповідь приурочено до 25-ї річниці заснування української антарктичної станції «Академік Вернадський». Розглянуто історію розвитку антарктичних досліджень в Україні. Підкреслено, що фахівці Національної академії наук України відігравали і відіграють провідну роль у започаткуванні та виконанні різнопланових наукових досліджень на станції «Академік Вернадський». Наведено найвагоміші результати, отримані вченими установ НАН України в рамках їх участі у виконанні Державної цільової науково-технічної програми проведення досліджень в Антарктиці на 2011–2023 роки.
Populasi Rangkong Papan (Buceros bicornis) diI Taman Hutan Raya Pocut Meurah Intan Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Kamal Samsul , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Amin Nurdin , Ahadi Rizky
Published: April 2021

AbstrakTaman Hutan Raya Pocut Meurah Intan merupakan satu kawasan konservasi alam yang terdapat di Provinsi Aceh. Kawasan tersebut difungsikan sebagai tempat penelitian dan tempat pembelajaran, namun demikian kondisi ini telah berubah sejalan dengan tingginya aktivitas penduduk setempat seperti penebangan liar, alih fungsi hutan, dan pemburuan satwa yang berdampak terhadap populasi rangkong papan (Buceros bicornis). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui populasi B. bicornis di Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan Provinsi Aceh. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan metode Variable Circular Plot (VCP). Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung kepadatan populasi B. bicornis di Tahura. Data vegetasi dan kondisi lingkungan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel dan gambar. Hasil penelitian teramati sebanyak 31 individu B. bicornis, dengan kepadatan populasi 1,6 individu/km2. Terdapat 27 spesies pohon dari 14 famili pohon yang merupakan pohon pakan, tempat mencari makan, dan tempat bersarang B. bicornis di Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan. Abstract Taman Hutan Raya Pocut Meurah Intan is a nature conservation area located in Aceh Province.  The area functioned as a place of research and learning, but the current condition has changed in line with the high activity of local residents such as illegal logging, forest conversion and hunting of animals that have an impact on the population of great hornbills (Buceros bicornis). This study aims to determine the population of the B. bicornis in Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan, Aceh Province. Research data collection using the Variable Circular Plot (VCP) Method.  Data analyzed was done by calculating the population of B. bicornis population in the Tahura.  Vegetation data and environmental conditions are displayed in tables and figures. The result was observed as many as 31 individual B. bicornis, with the population density of 1,6 ind/km2. There are 27 species of trees from 14 families which are forage trees, foraging grounds, and a place for B. bicornis nests in the Tahura Pocut Meurah Intan.
Keragaman Fenotipik Bunga Telang Double Petal Asal Indonesia dan Thailand Berdasarkan Morfologi Bunga
Authors: Aziza Virda , Ulimaz Trixie Almira , Ustari Debby , Suganda Tarkus , Concibido Vergel , Irawan Budi , Karuniawan Agung
Published: April 2021

AbstrakBunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) merupakan tanaman legum yang bagian bunganya telah banyak dimanfaatkan. Double petal adalah salah satu varian spesies bunga telang yang banyak ditemukan di Asia Tenggara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman fenotipik plasma nutfah bunga telang double petal asal Indonesia (Bali, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa Timur) dan Thailand berdasarkan morfologi bunga. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Data morfologi dianalisis menggunakan analisis multivariat berupa Analisis Komponen Utama (Principal Component Analysis) dan Analisis Klaster (Cluster Analysis) dengan bantuan program NTSYS 2.1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat lima komponen utama yang berpengaruh terhadap keragaman aksesi dengan persentase keragaman kumulatif 88,82%. Karakter tipe bunga, susunan mahkota bunga, keberadaan lunas, tipe benang sari, dan posisi kepala putik memberi pengaruh terbesar terhadap keragaman aksesi. Analisis klaster membagi aksesi-aksesi tersebut menjadi dua klaster dengan koefisien ketidakmiripan 3,01–6,83. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bunga telang double petal asal Indonesia dan Thailand memiliki keragaman yang luas dan kekerabatan yang jauh; aksesi asal Bali memiliki morfologi bunga dan klaster yang berbeda dengan aksesi asal Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, dan Thailand. Informasi ini akan bermanfaat dalam merencanakan pengelolaan plasma nutfah dan pemuliaan bunga telang double petal. Abstract Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a legumeplant of which flower parts are widely used. One of butterfly pea variant is double petal which commonly found in Southern Asia. This study aimed to evaluate phenotypic diversity of double petal butterfly pea germplasm from Indonesia (Bali, West Java, and East Java) and Thailand based on flower morphology. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Morphology data were subjected to multivariate analysis using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis and performed by NTSYS 2.1. The result showed that there were five significant principal components that cumulatively explained 88.82% of variance. Existence of keel, aestivation type, position of stigma, type of stamen, and flower type gave high contributions to the diversity of accessions. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into two clusters with dissimilarity coefficient from 3.01–6.83. From the results, it can be concluded that double petal butterfly pea from Indonesia and Thailand have wide diversity and genetic relationship; the accessions from Bali have different flower morphology and cluster compared to the accessions from East Java, West Java, and Thailand. The information will help planning management of the germplasm and breeding double petal butterfly pea.
Implementation of a Multidisciplinary Debriefing Process for Pediatric Ward Deterioration Events
Authors: Galligan Meghan M. , Wolfe Heather A. , Papili Kelly E. , Porter Ezra , O’Shea Kelly , Liu Hongyan , Colfer Andrea , Neiswender Kristin , Granahan Kristin , McGowan Nancy , McGrath Anne Marie , Shaw Kathy N. , Sutton Robert M.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Event debriefing has established benefit, but its adoption is poorly characterized among pediatric ward providers. To improve patient safety, our hospital restructured its debriefing process for ward deterioration events culminating in ICU transfer. The aim of this study was to describe this process’ implementation.

METHODS:

In the restructured process, multidisciplinary ward providers are expected to debrief all ICU transfers. We conducted a multimethod analysis using facilitative guides completed by debriefing participants. Monthly debriefing completion served as an adoption metric.

RESULTS:

Between March 2019 and February 2020, providers across 9 wards performed debriefing for 134 of 312 PICU transfers (43%). Bedside nurses participated most frequently (117 debriefings [87%]). There was no significant difference in debriefing by unit, acuity, season, or nurse staffing. Compared with units fully staffed by rotational frontline clinicians (FLCs; eg, resident physicians), units with dedicated FLCs whose responsibilities are primarily limited to that unit (eg, oncology hospitalists) completed significantly more monthly debriefings (average [SD] 57% [30%] vs 33% [28%] of PICU transfers; P = .004). FLC participation was also higher on these units (50% of debriefings [37%] vs 24% [37%]; P = .014). Through qualitative analysis, we identified distinct debriefing themes, with teaming activities such as communication cited most often.

CONCLUSIONS:

Implementation of a multidisciplinary debriefing process for ward deterioration events culminating in ICU transfer was associated with differential adoption across providers and FLC staffing models but not acuity or nurse staffing. Teaming activities were a debriefing priority. Future study will assess patient safety outcomes.
A Pediatric Resident Safety Council: A Framework for Developing Quality and Safety Leadership
Authors: Rickey Lisa , Shay Rebecca , Liddle David , Aldrich Julie , Schwartz Bryanna , Kim Esther , Shah Rahul , Parikh Kavita
Published: April 2021

Quality improvement (QI) and patient safety are essential to the practice of medicine. Specific training in these fields has become a requirement in graduate medical education, although there is great variation in how residency programs choose to approach trainee education in QI and patient safety. Residents have a unique vantage point into the operations of a health care system and can guide the development of system improvement initiatives. In this report, we (1) describe the context that led to the creation of a pediatric resident safety council (PRSC) in its current structure, (2) identify the organizational features implemented to best meet the objectives of this council, and (3) describe the local and institutional impact of the PRSC. A PRSC is a useful model to build resident engagement in safe and high-quality patient care within a residency program and health care system. A PRSC encourages the professional development of future pediatric safety leaders and facilitates experiential training in patient safety and QI science.
Improving Timeliness of Hepatitis B Vaccine Birth Dose Administration
Authors: Sarathy Leela , Cirillo Cheryl , Dehn Cathleen , Lerou Paul H. , Prendergast Michael
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

When given within 24 hours of birth, the hepatitis B vaccine is up to 90% effective in preventing perinatal infection. The American Academy of Pediatrics now recommends administration within 24 hours for infants with a birth weight >2 kg, but a national benchmark for compliance with this time frame has not been established. We aimed to increase the monthly average of eligible newborns receiving the vaccine on time from 40% to 80% over a 9-month period.

METHODS:

A series of plan-do-study-act cycles were conducted to improve timeliness of hepatitis B vaccine birth dose administration among newborns in the level 1 nursery at our academic community hospital. Interventions included staff education, nurse-driven consent and vaccine ordering, and earlier initial newborn assessments performed by nursing staff. Our primary outcome was the monthly percentage of newborns receiving the vaccine within 24 hours of birth, and our secondary outcome was the frequency of nonvaccination events. Statistical process control was used to analyze the effectiveness of interventions.

RESULTS:

Our mean monthly rate of vaccine administration within the 24-hour time frame increased from 40% to 92%. Predischarge vaccination rate improved from a mean of 13 to 61 cases between infants discharged without vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS:

Nurse-led interventions, including the ability to obtain consent and incorporation of the vaccine into our nurse-activated admission order set, were significant contributors to improvement in the timeliness of hepatitis B vaccine administration. We propose a mean of 90% compliance with the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations as a benchmark for other institutions.
BedsideNotes: Sharing Physicians’ Notes With Parents During Hospitalization
Authors: Zellmer Benjamin M. , Nacht Carrie L. , Coller Ryan J. , Hoonakker Peter L.T. , Smith Catherine Arnott , Sklansky Daniel J. , Dean Shannon M. , Smith Windy , Sprackling Carley M. , Ehlenfeldt Brad D. , Kelly Michelle M.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:

Physicians increasingly share ambulatory visit notes with patients to meet new federal requirements, and evidence suggests patient experiences improve without overburdening physicians. Whether sharing inpatient notes with parents of hospitalized children yields similar outcomes is unknown. In this pilot study, we evaluated parent and physician perceptions of sharing notes with parents during hospitalization.

METHODS:

Parents of children aged <12 years admitted to a hospitalist service at a tertiary children’s hospital in April 2019 were offered real-time access to their child’s admission and daily progress notes on a bedside inpatient portal (MyChart Bedside). Upon discharge, ambulatory OpenNotes survey items assessed parent and physician (attendings and interns) perceptions of note sharing.

RESULTS:

In all, 25 parents and their children’s discharging attending and intern physicians participated. Parents agreed that the information in notes was useful and helped them remember their child’s care plan (100%), prepare for rounds (96%), and feel in control (91%). Although many physicians (34%) expressed concern that notes would confuse parents, no parent reported that notes were confusing. Some physicians perceived that they spent more time writing and/or editing notes (28%) or that their job was more difficult (15%). Satisfaction with sharing was highest among parents (100%), followed by attendings (81%) and interns (35%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Parents all valued having access to physicians’ notes during their child’s hospital stay; however, some physicians remained concerned about the potential negative consequences of sharing. Comparative effectiveness studies are needed to evaluate the effect of note sharing on outcomes for hospitalized children, families, and staff.
Loop Diuretics in Infants with Heart Failure
Authors: Bhatia Snigdha , Mehdi Mohammed Q. , Jain Sunil K.
Published: April 2021

Tremendous advances have been made in the last 5 decades in the surgical management of congenital heart disease (CHD). Most infants affected by clinically significant CHD are at risk for developing heart failure (HF). Adult HF management is mostly evidence-based and our knowledge in this field has expanded significantly in the past decade. However, data on management approaches for HF in infants are limited. The indications and implications for various medications and interventions in patients with HF secondary to CHD are an upcoming area of interest. It is critical that we expand our ability to prevent, detect, and manage HF in the pediatric population.
A new species of Eurystyles (Orchidaceae) is exposed by a fierce hurricane in Puerto Rico
Authors: Ackerman James D. , Ortiz Jordan Luis
Published: April 2021

A new species of Eurystyles (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae, Cranichideae, Spiranthinae) is proposed, E. luisortizii Ackerman sp. nov., which is most similar to E. ananassocomos (Rchb.f.) Schltr. from which it differs by a suite of floral traits. This species represents the first confirmed record of the genus for the island of Puerto Rico, bringing the Eurystyles species count for the West Indies to four.

Keywords: Cranichideae, Orchidoideae, Puerto Rico flora, Spiranthinae, West Indies orchids
Base de datos para Medición del gasto energético real por usar un producto comercial para ejercitarse en el hogar
Authors: Montoya Arroyo Jhonny Alberto , Ramírez Cambronero Jimena , Aragón Vargas Luis Fernando
Published: April 2021

La evidencia sobre la importancia de ejercitarse regularmente es abrumadora. Muchas personas, conscientes de ello, recurren a las soluciones simples y atractivas que se les venden por televisión. Lamentablemente, muchos países no tienen reglamentación estricta para la valoración de las afirmaciones que hacen los productos comerciales; más aún, los requisitos para la evaluación científica de los productos relacionados con el ejercicio parecieran no existir. Cada vez que una persona compra un equipo para ejercitarse y poco después decide renunciar al ejercicio por la falta de resultados positivos, se da un paso hacia atrás en la salud pública. El propósito de este estudio fue medir el gasto energético inducido por utilizar un artículo comercialmente disponible para ejercitarse en casa y contrastarla con su publicidad. Se utilizaron distintos métodos de campo y laboratorio para medir el gasto energético de 27 estudiantes jóvenes, aparentemente saludables (15F, 12M; 19,1±1,0 años; 1,647±0,073 m; 63,09±10,13 kg; media±DE.) mientras descansaban en posición decúbito supino durante diez minutos y mientras utilizaban la máquina para ejercitarse 10 minutos a intensidad intermedia. Ninguno de los métodos utilizados registró un gasto energético bruto superior a 272 kJ (65 kcal) en 10 min de actividad; el consumo de oxígeno durante el esfuerzo fue equivalente a 1,54±0,23 METs, que corresponden a 23,4±9,2 kJ (5,6±2,2 kcal) de gasto neto o 70,3±11,7 kJ (16,8±2,8 kcal) de gasto bruto. En contraste, el gasto energético bruto reportado en el comercial del producto es de 277 kcal (1159 kJ) para 10 min. En conclusión, el gasto energético neto real es 1/50 (dos centésimas) del gasto energético presentado en la publicidad.
LGS Türkçe Sorularının Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı Kazanımlarına Uygunluğu Üzerine Bir Çalışma
Authors: CALP Mehrali , ALPKAYA Cansu
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmen görüşlerine göre 2018 Liseye Geçiş Sınavı Türkçe sorularının 2018 Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programı 8. sınıf kazanımlarının gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediğini ölçmedeki yeterliğini belirlemektir. Bu amaç için Türkçe öğretmenlerinin deneyim ve görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Ağrı ili Merkez ve ilçelerinden farklı ortaokullarda görev yapan 58 Türkçe öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Veriler, nitel araştırma veri toplama yöntemlerinden “yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu” ve “odak grup görüşmesi” tekniği kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerden elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, 2018 öğretim yılı sonunda uygulamaya konan 2018 Liseye Geçiş Sınavının (LGS), Türkçe Öğretim Programı kazanımlarının gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediğini ölçmede yeterli olduğu ancak bazı beceri alanlarına yönelik kazanımların ölçülmesinin ihmal edildiği belirlenmiştir. 2018 LGS’de ilk kez grafik ve tablo yorumlama sorularına da yer verilmiştir. 2018 LGS Türkçe sorularının ölçmeyi hedeflediği kazanımlar incelendiğinde en çok, “T.8.3.25 Okudukları ile ilgili çıkarımlarda bulunur.” kazanımına yer verildiği görülmüştür.”
Türkçe Eğitimi Alanında Nicel Araştırma Yöntemleri Kullanılarak Yapılan Doktora Tezlerindeki Eğilimler
Authors: DEMİR Talat Tarık
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada Türkçe eğitimi alanında 2010-2020 yılları arasında nicel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak hazırlanan doktora tezlerindeki eğilimleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Doktora tezlerinden alana özgün katkılarda bulunması beklenir. Bu sebeple doktora tezlerinin incelendiği çalışmalar alandaki gelişimi ortaya koyacaktır. Yapılan çalışmada doktora tezleri incelenirken bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri açısından bir çerçeve çizilerek inceleme yapılmıştır. Çalışmada tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında incelenen tezlere Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi aracılığıyla ulaşılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 323 teze ulaşılmış bunların 78 tanesinin nicel araştırma yöntemleriyle hazırlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu tezler hazırlanan tez sınıflama formu yardımıyla değerlendirilerek içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda nicel araştırma yöntemleriyle hazırlanan tezlerde dil becerileri merkezli konulara ağırlık verildiği, deneysel desenlerle üretilen tezlerin oranının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ortaokul öğrencileri üzerinde yapılan çalışmaların çoğunlukta olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerde en çok parametrik testlerle veri analizi yapılmıştır. Lisansüstü tezler üzerine farklı araştırma yöntemleri çerçevesinde araştırmalar yapılabilir.
Supply of Sovereign Safe Assets and Global Interest Rates
Authors: Ferreira Thiago , Shousha Samer
Published: April 2021

We estimate that the supply of sovereign safe assets is a major driver of neutral interest rates--real rates consistent with both economic activity and inflation at their trends. We find this result using an empirical cross-country model with many economic drivers for the neutral rates of 11 advanced economies during the 1960-2019 period. The increasing availability of safe assets after 2008 has pushed up neutral rates, preventing them from continuing their previous decline because of other drivers. We also evaluate the "global savings glut" hypothesis. We estimate that since 1994 the global accumulation of international exchange reserves in safe assets has lowered the availability of these assets to the private sector and, thus pushed down neutral rates. Finally, we find that economies' neutral rates are subject to important global spillovers from developments in other economies.
Optimizing water and resource recovery facilities (WRRF) for energy generation without compromising effluent quality
Authors: George A Ekama
Published: April 2021

The primary separation unit (PSU) splits the organic load on the water and resource recovery facility (WRRF) between the primary sludge (PS) anaerobic digester (AD), where energy can be generated, and the biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge (AS) reactor, where energy is consumed. With a CHONP element mass-balanced plant-wide stoichiometric and kinetic steady-state model, this paper explores quantitatively the impact of four cases of increasing organics removal efficiencies in the PSU on (i) settled wastewater characteristics, (ii) balanced solids retention time (SRT) of the Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) and University of Cape Town/Johannesburg (UCT/JHB) systems for lowest economical effluent N and P concentrations, (iii) reactor volume, (iv) energy consumption for aeration, pumping and mixing, (v) energy generation by AD of PS and waste activated sludge (WAS), (vi) N&P content of the PS and WAS AD dewatering liquor (DWL) and (vii) final effluent N and P concentrations with and without enhanced biological P removal (EBPR), and looks for an optimum WRRF layout for maximum energy recovery without compromising effluent quality. For the low biogas yield from the WAS AD, decreasing as the SRT of the BNRAS system gets longer and with the added complexity of N&P removal from the digested sludge DWL, makes AD of WAS undesirable unless P recovery is required. Because the wastewater biodegradable particulate organics (BPO) have a low N&P content, it is better to divert more biodegradable particulate organics to the PSAD with enhanced primary separation than digest WAS – the PSAD DWL can be returned to the influent with relatively small impact on final effluent N and P concentration.
Performance intensification of the coagulation process in drinking water treatment
Authors: Henry Heroe Mungondori  , Tariro Annah Muchingami  , Raymond Tichawona Taziwa  , Nhamo Chaukura
Published: April 2021

Surface water pollution has increased, owing to industrial development and population growth. Consequently, it is important to find alternative drinking water treatment strategies, which cater for changes in the quality of raw water. This study compared the efficiency of different coagulants in treating raw water that feeds a drinking water treatment plant (WTP). Using jar testing equipment and a number of physicochemical parameters, an investigation was conducted to establish optimum conditions for aluminium chloride (A), ferric chloride (B), and chitosan (C), and their performance compared with aluminium sulphate (D), which is the coagulant used at the WTP. The turbidity removal efficiencies for the single coagulants were in the order: B (95.7%) > A (94.7%) > C (94.4%), at optimum coagulant doses of 60, 50, and 0.6 mg/L, respectively. The coagulants achieved high removal efficiencies for turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV254) and conductivity under acidic conditions. For dual coagulants, there was a gradual increase in the removal efficiencies of the tested parameters with increasing pH. Combined coagulants were more effective compared to single coagulants, with highest removal efficiencies being exhibited by the A/C combination. Overall, the coagulants proved to be suitable alternatives to D, since they had comparable performances.
Significados sobre la ciudadanía múltiple: el caso de los argentinos que retornan desde España con pasaporte europeo
Authors: Rivero Patricia Jimena , Martínez Candelaria
Published: April 2021

Si bien la crisis argentina de 2001 produjo el mayor éxodo de argentinos hacia España, la llegada de la posterior crisis de 2008 originó una serie de desplazamientos en sentido inverso: los argentinos cesaron de emigrar hacia el país europeo para emprender el regreso a su país de origen. En este proceso de retorno los migrantes movilizaron ciertos recursos, siendo uno de los más significativos el pasaporte europeo. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los significados que los retornados le otorgan a la ciudadanía múltiple o doble nacionalidad. Para ello, a través de 32 entrevistas semi-estructuradas, se analizan los relatos de aquellos retornados que poseen ciudadanía europea a través de sus ancestros (nacionalidad adscripta) y de los que la han adquirido después de su estancia migratoria en España (nacionalidad adquirida). Los resultados muestran que los significados identificados difieren según el perfil, sea este adscripto o adquirido, pero poseen puntos en común. Uno de los más significativos es que la ciudadanía múltiple implica un proceso de acumulación de capital para suplir deficiencias de la ciudadanía de origen al tiempo que puede facilitar la movilidad geográfica y social, y con ella transformarse en otras formas de capital (humano, financiero, social).
Rodrigo y Alharilla, Martín y Chaviano Pérez, Lizbeth (2017): Negreros y esclavos. Barcelona y la esclavitud atlántica (siglos XVI-XIX). Barcelona: Icaria
Authors: Lara Amat y León Joan
Published: April 2021

El propósito del libro es poner de relieve los intensos vínculos y la insersión en las dinámicas del capitalismo esclavista, en la importancia económica de la ciudad de Barcelona (y, Cataluña en general) en la esclavitud atlántica. Una relación de Barcelona con la esclavitud que no solo se limita a la trata de esclavos, sino que también incluye a la explotación de la mano de obra en la plantaciones cubanas y puertorriqueñas propiedades de catalanes. Pero además, en el uso de esclavos en la vida cotidiana de la Barcelona de la época.
Ríos, Jerónimo (2021): Historia de la violencia en Colombia. 1946-2020. Una mirada territorial. Madrid: Sílex Ediciones
Authors: Gago Egoitz
Published: April 2021

Historia de la violencia en Colombia, 1946-2020. Una mirada territorial es un libro que, como su propio título indica, tiene como objetivo analizar el origen, la evolución y la transformación de las violencias asociadas al conflicto armado interno colombiano en clave territorial. A través de más de treinta entrevistas y un amplio manejo de bases de datos y otras fuentes primarias, se invita a la reflexión sobre la condición irresoluta de la violencia y las dificultades para la construcción de paz. Dos cuestiones sobre las que la perspectiva territorial tiene mucho que aportar.
Human Islet Cryopreservation Version 2.0 v2
Authors: Lyon James , F Spigelman Aliya , E Manning Fox Jocelyn , E Macdonald Patrick
Published: April 2021

This protocol details the cryopreservation of human islets, as performed by the Alberta Diabetes Institute IsletCore. Human islets cryopreserved using this method have been found to retain viability and function after 20 years of cryogenic biobanking. Manning Fox JE, Lyon J, Dai XQ, Wright RC, Hayward J, van de Bunt M, Kin T, Shapiro AMJ, McCarthy MI, Gloyn AL, Ungrin MD, Lakey JR, Kneteman NM, Warnock GL, Korbutt GS, Rajotte RV, MacDonald PE (2015) Human islet function following 20 years of cryogenic biobanking. Diabetologia,58(7): 1503-1512.
Thawing Cryopreserved Human Islets v2
Authors: Lyon James , F Spigelman Aliya , E Manning Fox Jocelyn , E Macdonald Patrick
Published: April 2021

This protocol details the thawing of human islets following their cryopreservation, as performed by the Alberta Diabetes Institute IsletCore. The crypreservation method is detailed in Human Islet Cryopreservation protocol. Human islets cryopreserved and thawed using these methods have been found to retain viability and function after 20 years of cryogenic biobanking. Manning Fox JE, Lyon J, Dai XQ, Wright RC, Hayward J, van de Bunt M, Kin T, Shapiro AMJ, McCarthy MI, Gloyn AL, Ungrin MD, Lakey JR, Kneteman NM, Warnock GL, Korbutt GS, Rajotte RV, MacDonald PE (2015) Human islet function following 20 years of cryogenic biobanking. Diabetologia,58(7): 1503-1512.
New reagent regimes for potash flotation
Authors: Konobeevskikh A. V. , Gurkova T. M. , Afonina E. I. , Panteleeva N. N.
Published: April 2021

The article presents the results of the VNII Galurgii’s studies into development of reagent regimes for flotation of potash ores of the Upper Kama deposit in fat solutions of potassium and sodium chlorides. The influence of the temperature of the saline solution and the content of magnesium chloride in it on the efficiency of aliphatic amines—collector of sylvin—was investigated. An alternative ethoxylated sludge collector for flotation de-sludging of potash ores is tested. The effect of a modified sludge depressant obtained by the synthesis of urea and formaldehyde is studied. The developed reagents are tested in full-scale processing of potash ore with variable composition and an increased content of sludge-forming silicate-carbonate and anhydrite water-insoluble impurities have been carried out. It is shown that the process stability and the production performance improve. Application of the sludge depressant in flotation of potash ore of variable composition allows stabilization of sylvin flotation and reduction in potassium chloride loss owing to stimulation of potassium chloride flotation from coarse tailings, which enables the decrease in the sylvin collector consumption and favors improvement of the process performance.
Study of mechanical spheroidization of powders obtained from waste metal shavings
Authors: Samukov A. D. , Cherkasova M. V. , Kuksov M. P. , Dmitriev S. V.
Published: April 2021

This paper covers the search for a new method for generating metal powders for additive manufacturing. Raw materials for 3D printing are subject to certain requirements regarding the spherical shape of the powder particles, which are not easily met. The powder preparation methods used in the powder metallurgy may not be directly used for 3D printing without additional energy consumption for the spheroidization operation. More high-tech principles of melt dispersion shall be used for the spheroidization (atomization) of powder particles. Metal waste grinding in ball or vibrating mills generally yields plate-like particles, also requiring the use of energy-intensive atomization technologies. However, an analysis of related foreign research provided an alternative that is to use two-stage grinding to obtain spherical metal powder particles. Continued research in mechanical spheroidization enables the simultaneous manufacture and grinding of the required spherical particles while maintaining practically the same energy consumption that had been previously required for the grinding process. In order to form a research program and establish the optimal grinding size in terms of energy consumption and the dependence between the ball diameter and the grinding and spheroidization results for metal particles, respective preliminary experiments were carried out. The results of these experiments were then used to formulate the conclusions required to develop a method for establishing the optimal grinding ball charge level and composition. The study was carried out under the grant issued by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 20-79-10125).
Static wetting angles of water and sulphur at the zinc sulphide surface modified with anionic surfactants and their combinations
Authors: Kolmachikhina E. B. , Lugovitskaya T. N. , Naumov K. D.
Published: April 2021

This paper looks at the effect produced by surface modification of the super pure zinc sulphide monocrystals with certain surfactants and their combinations (sodium lignosulphonate (SLS), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate (SDBS) and the following combinations: SLS + SDS, SLS + SDBS on the surface angle of wetting with water and elemental sulphur melt. It was found that as the concentration of individual surfactants in the solution rose, so did the wetting ability of the mineral surface. Thus, at the surfactant concentration of 0.8 g/dm3 the water wetting angle reaches 48.4o for SLS, 22.5o for SDS and 10.3o for SDBS; the elemental sulphur wetting angle is 71.3o for SLS, 76.9o for SDS and 67.9o for SDBS. The work of adhesion in the system ZnS – Surfactant – Н2О increases by 9–11%, and in the system ZnS – Surfactant – S0 — by 5–8%. When using the combinations SLS + SDS (СSLS = 0.2–0.8 g/dm3) and SLS + SDBS (СSLS = 0.2 g/dm3), inverse surface wetting of zinc sulphide with elemental sulphur melt is observed. The maximum wetting angles reached are 93o and 85o, correspondingly. The work of adhesion and the spreading coefficient expectedly decrease. The paper analyzes the effect of individual surfactants and their combinations on the pressure leaching of zinc sulphide concentrate. The use of individual surfactants intensifies the transition of valuable components into the solution. The biggest increase in recovery was seen when using SLS, and namely 27–32% for zinc and 11–16% for copper. The recovery of zinc increased by 31–41% in the presence of SLS + SDS and by 27–34% in the presence of SLS + SDBS. This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No. 18-19-00186.
Blockchain of Meetings of IoT Devices
Authors: ÇULHA Davut
Published: April 2021

The world of IoT devices grows day by day. The interaction of IoT devices increases day by day. Interactions of IoT devices become valuable for many applications. Each special and spatial interaction of IoT devices is a meeting for them. An IoT meeting requires that they should see each other directly via a short-distance communication channel. In this work, meetings of IoT devices are kept and exchanged with others. IoT meeting transactions should be reliable. For this purpose, a special blockchain is proposed, and formation mechanism of IoT meetings is designed accordingly. The proposed blockchain uses Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism to mine meeting transactions. Transactions are signed by IoT devices against data tampering. In the blockchain, 5 types of actors are formed according to their own resources. These are meeting declarer, meeting confirmer, data requester, data provider, and miner. The blockchain transactions are designed to protect privacy and rights of the actors. Moreover, the blockchain has its own cryptocurrency. Actors other than data requester are rewarded with cryptocurrency to increase the willingness of data sharing and to increase participation in forming meeting transactions.
Experience on the use of photodynamic therapy in vulvovaginal lichen plane
Authors: Surkichin Sergey I. , Holupova Luidmila S.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Lichen plane (LP) occurs in 0.5%1% of the population. The exact epidemiology of genital LP is unknown. According to various data, LP occurs in 49% of all cases of vulvar lesions. The LP of the oral cavity and the vulva occurs in 1957% of cases. The clinical forms of LP that occur in the anogenital region in women include the erosive, papulosquamous, and less often hypertrophic forms. No distinct guidelines are available for the treatment of vulvar LP. Except for the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT), no randomized controlled trials have been conducted for the treatment of erosive vulvar LP. The research results have shown that PDT can be effective in lichen plane of the oral cavity.
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of PDT in women with genital LP compared to topical glucocorticosteroids.
MATERIALS AND METODS: The study group included 15 patients with a diagnosis of vulvar LP. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the treatment method. Group 1 patients were treated with PDT. Group 2 patients with topical 0.05% betamethasone cream once daily for 1.5 months.
RESULTS: Six months after the last procedure, the regression on the genital LP rating scale was 32% in group 1 patients and 25% in group 2 patients. The severity of pain, according to the visual analog scale, was 29% in group 1 and 22% in group 2. As for adverse events, in group 1, four patients experienced a burning sensation and dryness for 23 days after the procedure, and one patient, after two procedures, had blood discharge, which ceased after 1 day. In group 2, five patients complained of burning and dryness during treatment, two patients had acute candidiasis during treatment, and one patient had bacterial vaginosis.
CONCLUSION: The use of PDT can reduce the frequency of use of corticosteroid drugs in the genital area and accordingly reduce the frequency of steroid adverse events, such as atrophy and secondary infection.
Comorbidity in patients with alopecia areata
Authors: Baltabaev Alidzhon Mir-Alievich , Baltabaev Mir-Ali Kurban-Alievich
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring hair loss characterized by the immune intolerance of hair follicles, leading to the development of T-cell-mediated inflammation and subsequent hair loss. Different ages of onset, repeated relapses, and changes in the appearance of patients lead to psychoemotional distress and contribute to AA and socially significant skin diseases. Scientific data based on the effect of comorbid disorders in the course of alopecia (atopy, autoimmune diseases, and endocrinopathies) should be considered by dermatologists. This publication contains data of own research.
AIM: The study aimed to determine the concomitant pathology and its effect on the course of AA, especially on the content of vitamin D, to optimize further treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research was based on the clinical materials of 132 patients with different severities of AA and concomitant nosologies. Several allergic (atopic dermatitis) and other autoimmune diseases (vitiligo and autoimmune thyroiditis) present similar pathogenetic mechanisms of development to AA. An ultrasound investigation was carried out, and a number of autoimmune and allergic nosologies accompanying the course of AA and the level of vitamin D in blood serum depending on the disease severity were revealed.
RESULTS: The analysis of results of ultrasound investigation of the inner organs was presented and revealed comorbid autoimmune and allergic nosologies affecting the course or associating with AA. The moderate (32.67 0.91 nmol/l; р 0.5) and severe clinical forms (32.9 0.84 nmol/l) of AA vitamin D significantly decreased compared with the mild course of the disease (56.75 0.62 nmol/l). Two clinical cases of patients with AA and concomitant diseases were presented.
CONCLUSION: The results revealed that the concomitant pathology of AA correlates with the literature source data and suggest their correction by doctors of narrow specialties. Vitamin D in the blood serum of patients was examined as a possible comorbid factor and predictor of disease activity. The role of trichoscopy as an investigation tool for the visualization and verification of the diagnosis and determination of the activity of AA was outlined.
Dermatoscopic patterns in vitiligo
Authors: Davletshina Alina Yu. , Lomonosov Konstantin M.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a chronic disease characterized by the appearance of depigmented spots on various parts of the body. Bright white spots on the skin cause the psychosocial maladjustment of individuals with this condition. To date, modern medicine lacks effective methods for the objective and accessible diagnosis of this disease. However, research methods, such as dermatoscopy, can be useful in diagnosing vitiligo and determining its stage.
AIM: This study aimed to identify the main dermatoscopic patterns of vitiligo in association with the activity of the process.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To participate in the study, 63 patients with diagnosed vitiligo were examined. Patients participating in the study were divided into three groups: 34 patients with progressive course, 11 with stable condition, and 18 at the stage of repigmentation. A dermatoscopic examination was performed using a Delta 20T dermatoscope. Statistical processing of research materials was carried out using the SPSS statistics software package.
RESULTS: The most significant changes were found in the perifollicular area. Progressive vitiligo was characterized by perifollicular pigmentation (91.2%), an altered pigment network (97.1%), blurred spot border (94.1%), and specific structures, such as star-like formations and a comet tail. The stable vitiligo was characterized by perifollicular depigmentation (81.8%) and a sharp border of the spots (72.7%). For the stage of repigmentation, marginal hyperpigmentation (100%), perifollicular depigmentation (72.2%), blurred spot border (77.8%), and islets of pigmentation (77.8%) were observed.
CONCLUSION: The diagnostic dermatoscopic patterns of vitiligo have been developed for the first time, and their value has been proven. Dermatoscopy is a promising non-invasive auxiliary method used to diagnose vitiligo and determine the stage of the disease.
Recurrent hiatal hernias. To operate or not?
Authors: Vasilevsky Dmitry I. , Bechvaya Georgy T. , Ahmatov Akhmat M. , Korolkov Andrey Yu. , Smirnov Alexander A. , Kiriltseva Maya M. , Davletbaeva Leisan I.
Published: April 2021

The recurrence of a hiatal hernia after surgical treatment is the most serious and far from resolved problem in this area of surgery. The validity and effectiveness of surgical treatment of recurrent hiatal hernia of the diaphragm remains the subject of clinical research and scientific discussion. The main problems of such interventions are the difficulty of eliminating the anatomical or functional factors that underlie the failure of the primary operation. The stated provisions determine the need for further searches for a solution of this problem. In the period from 2015 to 2020, 61 patients with recurrent hernia of the gastrointestinal orifice of the diaphragm underwent surgical treatment. Indications for the operation were gastroesophageal reflux refractory to drug therapy or anatomical changes that carry the risk of developing life-threatening conditions. In 58 (95.1%) cases, surgery was performed laparoscopically, in 3 (4.9%) through left-side thoracotomy. In 54 (88.5%) cases, complete restoration of normal anatomy with closure of the hiatal opening with prosthetic material is performed. In 7 (11.5%) cases, when the esophagus was shortened, the fundoplication cuff was created in the chest cavity, and the hiatal opening was performed only with its own tissues. Complications occurred in 11 (18.0%) cases (7 pneumothorax, 2 bleeding, 2 perforation of a hollow organ). Long-term results (12-48 months) were evaluated in 57 (93.4% of operated) people. Repeated recurrence of hiatal hernia of the diaphragm was detected in 6 (10.5%) cases. In 44 (77.2%) cases, the natural anatomical position of the abdominal organs was documented. In 7 (12.3%) patients, with a fundoplication cuff formed in the chest, its initial position was ascertained.
Small heart anomalies as cardiac manifestations of hereditary connective tissue disorders
Authors: Timofeev Eugene V. , Malev Eduard G. , Zemtsovsky Eduard V.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Small heart anomalies (SHA) are the morphological basis for functional changes in cardiac activity and can exacerbate the course of organic heart lesions. The most studied SHA include false chords of the left ventricle (FCLV) and mitral valve prolapse. Prevalence, association with external signs of dysembryogenesis, as well as the predictive value of SHA are not sufficiently studied.

Materials and methods. We examined 611 people between the ages of 18 and 23 (average age 20.3 1.6 years), including 257 boys and 354 girls. All of the surveyed performed phenotypic, anthropometric and echocardiographic examinations. To identify the SHA links to heart rhythm disorders, the 205 surveyed performed Holters ECG monitoring.

Results. SHA identified in 90% of the individuals surveyed: atrial septum aneurysm (24%), tricuspid valve prolapse (23.4%), asymmetry of the aortic valve (20.6%), additional papillary muscles (39.4%) and FCLV (75,1%). Correlation analysis showed the presence of links between these SHA and bone signs of dysembryogenesis (chest deformities, arachnodactyllia, dolistennomely and high palate), as well as heart rhythm disorders (supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles, rhythm driver migration and episodes of AV-blockade 1 degree). Patients with marfanoid habitus have a higher average number of SHA (2.1 1.4 vs 0.9 0.7, p 0.005).

Conclusions. SHA are identified in the vast majority of healthy people. Bone signs of dysembryogenesis are associated with significant SHA and can serve as a marker for the involvement of the heart in the dysplastic process. Patients with SHA have significant cardiac arrhythmias.