bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Kinerja Pemasok Bahan Baku Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Promethee
Authors: Adhiana Tigar Putri , Krisnawati Maria , Asyari Hasyim
Published: October 2019

Peran Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) sangat penting untuk memasarkan produk atau layanan lokal ke pasar internasional serta bersaing dengan perusahaan pesaing multinasional di pasar lokal. Go Work Handy Craft adalah sebuah IKM yang memproduksi beberapa jenis sapu di Purbalingga. Permasalahan yang dihadapi Go Work Handy Craft adalah adanya keterlambatan pasokan bahan baku bambu dari pemasok. Apabila terjadi keterlambatan pasokan bahan baku bambu, maka proses produksi dihentikan sementara sehingga mengakibatkan produktivitas berkurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kinerja pemasok secara keseluruhan dengan menggunakan kriteria kinerja. Metode yang digunakan adalah Fuzzy Promethee untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pemasok bahan baku pada IKM. Dari wawancara dan pengolahan data diperoleh bahwa Go Work Handy Craft memiliki 4 (empat) pemasok bahan baku bambu. Kriteria penilaian kinerja yang diperoleh melalui wawancara oleh pemilik IKM adalah harga yang kompetitif, ketersediaan barang, kualitas barang, lama waktu pengiriman dan kapasitas pengiriman. Dari pengolahan data diperoleh bahwa kinerja pemasok 2 yang paling baik dari pemasok lainnya dengan nilai Promethee II terbesar yaitu 0,0203.
Windup of Nociceptive Flexion Reflex Depends on Synaptic and Intrinsic Properties of Dorsal Horn Neurons in Adult Rat
Authors: Aby Franck , Bouali-Benazzouz Rabia , Landry Marc , Fossat Pascal
Published: October 2019

Windup, a progressive increase in spinal response to repetitive stimulations of nociceptive peripheral fibres, is a useful model to study central sensitization to pain. Windup is expressed by neurons in of both dorsal and ventral horn of the spinal cord. In juvenile rats, it has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro that windup depends on calcium-dependent intrinsic properties and their modulation by synaptic components. However, the involvement of these two components in the adult remain controversial. In the present study, by means of electromyographic and extracellular recordings, we show that windup in adult, in vivo, depends on a synaptic balance between excitatory NMDA receptors and inhibitory glycinergic receptors. We also demonstrate the involvement of L-type calcium channels in both the dorsal and ventral horn of the spinal cord. These results indicate that windup in adults is similar to juveniles rats and that windup properties are the same regardless spinal network, i.e. sensory or motor.
Prediction of Terpenoids Toxicity Based on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships Model
Authors: Perestrelo Rosa , Silva Catarina , Fernandes Miguel X. , Câmara José S.
Published: October 2019

Terpenoids, including monoterpenoids (C10), norisoprenoids (C13) and sesquiterpenoids (C15), constitute a large group of plant-derived naturally occurring secondary metabolites which chemical structure is highly diverse. A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model to predict the terpenoids toxicity and to evaluate the influences of their chemical structure, was developed in this study, by assessing the toxicity of 27 terpenoid standards using Gram-negative bioluminescent Vibrio fischeri, in real time. Under the test conditions, at concentration of 1 µM, the terpenoids showed a toxicity level lower than five %, with exception of geraniol, citral, (S)-citronellal, geranic acid, (±)-α-terpinyl acetate and geranyl acetone. Moreover, the standards tested displayed a toxicity level higher than 30 % at concentration of 50 to 100 µM, with the exception of (+)-valencene, eucalyptol, (+)-borneol, guaiazulene, β-caryophellene and linalool oxide. Regarding the functional group, the terpenoids toxicity was observed in the following order: alcohol > aldehyde ~ ketone > ester > hydrocarbons. CODESSA software was employed to develop the QSAR models based on the correlation of terpenoids toxicity and a pool of descriptors related to each chemical structure. The QSAR models, based on t-test values, showed that terpenoids toxicity was mainly attributed to geometric (e.g., asphericity) and electronic (e.g., max partial charge for a C atom [Zefirov's PC]) descriptors. Statistically, the most significant overall correlation was the four-parameter equation with training and test coefficient correlation higher than 0.810 and 0.535, respectively, and square coefficient of cross-validation (Q2) higher than 0.689. According to the obtained data, the QSAR models are a suitable and a rapid tool to predict the terpenoids toxicity in a diversity of food products.
In situ Groundwater Treatment with Bioelectrochemical Systems (BES): Critical Review and Future Perspectives
Authors: Cecconet Daniele , Sabba Fabrizio , Devecseri Matyas , Callegari Arianna , Capodaglio Andrea G.
Published: October 2019

Groundwater contamination is an ever-growing environmental issue, that has attracted much and undiminished attention for the past half century. Groundwater contamination originates from anthropogenic (e.g. hydrocarbons), natural compounds (e.g. nitrate and arsenic), or both; to tackle these contaminants different technologies have been tested during the years. Recently, bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have emerged as a potential treatment for groundwater contamination, with in situ applications reported, that showed promising results. Nitrate and hydrocarbons (toluene, phenanthrene, benzene, BTEX and light PAHs) have been successfully removed, due to the interaction of microbial metabolism with poised electrodes, other than physical migration due to the electric field generated in BES. The selection of proper BESs relies on several factors and problems such as complexity of the groundwater, scale-up and energy requirements that need to be taken into account. Modelling efforts could help predict case scenarios and choose an ideal design and approach to solve these issues. In this review, we critically analyze in situ BES applications for groundwater remediation, focusing in particular on the different setups proposed, and we identify and discuss the existing research gaps in the field.
Pola Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Aliyah Gani Tirtoasri Tirtomoyo Wonogiri Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru (Penelitian di MA Gani Tirtoasri Tirtomoyo Wonogiri Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015)
Authors: Budiono Shohib , Akhyar Muhammad , Fadhilah Siti Sutarmi
Published: October 2019

This study aims at: (1) Acquiring principal leadership pattern executed in MA Gani Tirtoasri Tirtomoyo Wonogiri in the 2014/2015 academic year. (2) Obtaining the efforts being made to improve the performance of teachers in MA Gani Tirtoasri Tirtomoyo Wonogiri in the 2014/2015 academic year. (3) Obtaining the constraints experienced during the principal leadership in the 2014/2015 academic year. (4) Obtaining the results that have been achieved over the principal leadership in the 2014/2015 academic year. This study was conducted in MA GaniTirtoasri Tirtomoyo, MA Gani Tirtoasri have a good school achievement in academic and non-academic. MA Gani Tirtoasri is the oldest Madrasah established in the district of Wonogiri that becomethe establishment embryo of another madrasah. Type of this research is descriptive qualitative research, the research seeks to tell that there is now based on the data, this study also presents the data, analyze, and interpret. The informants are Principals, Madrasah Committee, vice principal of curriculum division, Vice Principals of Infrastructure Division, vice principal of students affairs, Parents, and Students. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. In examining the validity of the data or check the veracity of the data used by extending the duration of the study, the continuous observation, triangulation, either triangulation of data sources and the triangulation of data collection techniques. Data analysis was performed three stages include: data reduction, data presentation and conclusion / verification. The study concluded that: (1) Principal leadership patternapplied in MA Gani Tirtoasri lead to a democratic leadership pattern. (2) Principals has made various efforts to improve teacher performance MA Gani Tirtoasri includes: (a) curriculum development: (b) the development of teaching and learning; (c) human resource development; (d) the development of curricular and extracurricular; (e) the development of links with education stakeholders. (3) The problem faced Principals in the lead MA Gani Tirtoasri in the 2014/2015 academic yearthe main is difficult to change the mindset of teachers becomes a teacher who constantly want to develop in accordance with the demands of the times. (4) The results achieved by the Principals in the lead MA Gani Tirtoasri is achieved various accomplishments championships with both academic and non-academic
Analisa dan Perancangan E-Learning Pembelajaran Pemrograman Dasar Kelas X SMK
Authors: Pirmansah Adi , Suharno Suharno , Fadhilah Siti Sutarmi
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan rancangan E-learning yang akan digunakan dalam pembelajaran pemrograman dasar pada Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Program Keahlian Multimedia. E-Learning merupakan sebuah teknologi pembelajaran yang dijembatani oleh teknologi internet yang didalamnya terdapat media untuk menampilkan materi, pertanyaan dan forum diskusi. E-Learning sangat mendukung proses pembelajaran pemrograman dasar, karena pemrograman dasar merupakan pembelajaran yang menuntut setiap peserta didik untuk menghafal atau memahami algoritma dan bahasa pemrograman yang bertujuan agar dapat membuat sebuah program komputer. Peserta didik diharuskan untuk belajar secara berulang agar materi pemrograman dasar tidak mudah terlupakan. Dengan E-Learning peserta didik dapat belajar dimanapun dan kapanpun mereka berada, sehingga proses pembelajaran pemrograman dasar dapat dilakukan dimanapun dan kapanpun secara berulang tanpa harus bertatap muka secara langsung dengan pengajar. Namun tidak semua E-Learning mampu memenuhi kebutuhan setiap proses pembelajaran dari setiap penyelenggara pendidikan, dikarenakan pada umumnya antara satu penyelenggara pendidikan dengan yang lainnya memiliki strategi pembelajaran serta standar yang berbeda-beda. Oleh karena itu sebelum mengembangkan E-Learning, maka terlebih dahulu dibutuhkan proses analisa, perencanaan serta perancangan agar tersusun kerangka yang tepat sesuai kebutuhan.
Pengembangan LKS Pintar Elektronik (Lekasparkin) Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa SMA
Authors: Ardiani Fatmala Nur , Suharno Suharno , Musadad Akhmad Arif
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Menjelaskan LKS yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran di SMA 2 Bhineka Karya Boyolali, (2) mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah pengembangan LKS Pintar Elektronik, (3) memaparkan hasil pengembangan LKS Pintar Elektronik, dan (4) menguji efektifitas LKS Pintar Elektronik yang dihasilkan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (R&D).  Model penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE yang terdiri dari (1) Analysis,menganalisis materi materi dan media yang dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran (2) Design, mendesain draf produk LKS Pintar Elektronik dalam  pembelajaran, (3) Development, Mengembangkan media LKS Pintar Elektronik dalam pembelajaran (4) Implementation LKS Pintar Elektronik media   dan   materi penjasorkes (5)  Evaluatin. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA 2 Bhineka Karya Boyolali mapel penjasorkes. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan lembar penilaian. Hasil penilaian lembar penilaian dari ahli media memperoleh hasil rata-rata 85%, hasil dari rata-rata ahli materi 85,25%, uji coba satusatu 85,75%, hasil uji coba kelompok kecil tahap I 77,88%, uji coba kelompok kecil tahap II adalah 83% dan uji coba lapangan 83%. Hasil dari kelas eksperimen memperoleh nilai rata-rata 82.88, sementara kelas kontrol memperoleh nilai rata-rata 68.00 ayat atau setara dengan 2,8 halaman. Hasil uji efektifitas produk dengan nilai signifikansi 5% diperoleh nilai sig. (2-tailed) 0,000<0,05. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Lembar Kerja Elektronik efektif   dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa
Penggunaan Media Sains Flipbook dalam Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasarr
Authors: Aprilia Tika , Sunardi Sunardi , Djono Djono
Published: October 2019

Kemajuan teknologi telah mendorong perubahan buku ke era digital. Bahkan pemerintah Indonesia dalam hal ini Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan telah menerapkannya dalam bentuk buku elektronik sekolah atau biasa disebut BSE. Akan tetapi, e-book atau BSE di sekolah-sekolah sekarang ini, masih memiliki kelemahan-kelemahan yang patut disempurnakan. Salah satunya melalui e-book dalam format flipbook. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan media sains flipbook dalam pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di kelas V SDN Cemara Dua Surakarta, SDN Mangkubumen Lor No.15 Surakata, dan SDN Mangkubumen Kidul No.16 Surakarta tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi data atau sumber yaitu melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumenter. Analisis data yang dilakukan dimulai dari tahap pengumpulan data, pereduksian data, penyajian data, sampai dengan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media sains flipbook dalam pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar dapat digunakan secara maksimal apabila Sekolah Dasar tersebut memiliki fasilitas atau sarana yang mendukung, seperti PC, LCD, dan sound sistem serta sumber daya guru dan siswa yang baik dalam bidang teknologi minimum menguasai keterampilan dasar pengoperasian komputer. Selain itu, penggunaan media flipbook harus digunakan sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran yang ingin dicapai, sehingga keefektifan penggunaan media flipbook dapat dirasakan secara optimal
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Card Sort Kolaborasi Small Group Discussion Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Prestasi Belajar Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Aisah Aisah , Suryani Nunuk , Fadhilah Siti Sutarmi
Published: October 2019

Citizenship is a lesson got from the elementary school to college level of education. It emphasizes on nation character building in order to be a well citizen which is putting his/ her right and obligation along with the constitution and law. Citizenship education is applied at all levels of education by means of developing knowledge obtained previously in order to be active at the instructional process for further level of education. In order to reach the goal as mentioned above, it is needed a teacher who knows in how to teach well by appltying convenient method towards its level and students’ capability. Facilities also play very important role to support the on going curriculum. It is necessary for the teacher to make a lesson plan before teaching the class. By doing so, the instructional process will run well and he. She will be able to develop their creativity as well with the students. They must have passion and motivation to to learn as the teachers will feel proud to give better for them. The topic of protection and human rights watch is one of the topics of citizenship lesson learnt in Junior High School Grade VII on the second semester in SMP Negeri 3 Surakarta.
Hubungan Antara Kebiasaan Membaca, Penguasaan Kosakata dan Ketrampilan Membaca Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar
Authors: Qorri’aina Farro Durrotul , Sujoko Sujoko , Ngadiso Ngadiso
Published: October 2019

This study is aimed to find out the correlation between: (1) reading habit and reading skills of the second grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar; (2) vocabulary mastery and reading skills of the second grade of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar; (3) reading habit and vocabulary mastery simultaneously and reading skills of the second grade of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar. The study focused on English lesson material that was involved reading activities. The study belongs to correlational study. The population was all of the second grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar. The sample was 24 students that were selected by using cluster random sampling technique. The instruments used to collect the data were tests and questionnaire. The questionnaire was used to collect the data of reading habit. The techniques used to analyze the data were Simple and Multiple Linear Regression and Correlation. The result of the study show that (1) there is a positive correlation between students’ reading habit and students’ reading skill that can be showed r-count is more than rtable (2.553>1.717); (2) there is a positive correlation between students’ vocabulary mastery and students’ reading skills that can be showed r-count is more that r-table (2.120>1.717); (3) there is a positive correlation between students’ reading habit and vocabulary mastery simultaneously and students’ reading skills that can be showed fcount is more that f-table (6.266>3.467). With regard to the result of the study, it can be concluded that positive correlation between reading habit and vocabulary mastery and reading skills indicates that both reading habit and vocabulary mastery could support and ultimately give contribution to reading skills. Hence, students’ reading and vocabulary mastery need to be considered in the teaching and learning activities of reading.
Analisis Kualitas Terjemahan dari Bahasa Inggris ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Surgawi Titis , Joebagio Hermanu , Djono Djono
Published: October 2019

Language is an important way of communicating with the people. Sometimes, the people in another place may feel difficult to understand what the meaning when they are talking with others. The way to catch and understand meaning is by translating it. Translation is the process of moving meaning from one language into another language. This research aims to explain the quality of translation of Garuda Magazine from English into Indonesian. The analysis concern on accuracy, clarity/clearness and naturalness of translation of Garuda Magazine from English into Indonesian. The research method uses qualitative descriptive and the type of research is content analysis. This research takes the segment “Welcome on Board” page 12 on Garuda Magazine in term November 2008 as source of data. The result of the research shows that 3 data (15,79 %) are less accurate translation and 84, 21% or 16 sentences out of 19 sentences are accurate; 3 data (15,79 %) are less clear translation and 84, 21% or 16 sentences out of 19 sentences are clear; 5, 26 % or 1 sentence out of 19 sentences is unnatural, 36, 84 % or 7 sentences out of 19 sentences are less natural and 57, 90 % or 11 sentences out of 19 sentences are natural
THE EFFECT OF JOB SATISFACTION, MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TO THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PROCUREMENT EXPERTS IN THE INDONESIAN HOUSE OF REPRESETATIVE
Authors: Utama Zahera Mega
Published: October 2019

The objective of this research has to study the effect of job satisfaction, motivation and organizational commitment on performance or the board of expert staff members of parliament, The research was conducted in Jakarta, and The data had been analyzed using path analysis. The population of this research were 91 person of expert staffs in the Parliament. The questionares of this research had been testing on the 40 expert staff. Therefore by simple randomly. The research finding more as follows : 1. There was positive direct effect of job satisfaction onexpert staffs performance, 2, there was a positive direct effect of motivation on performance of expert staff 3. There was a positive direct effect of organization commitment of expert staff. 4. There was a positive direct effect of organization commitment on performance, 5. There was a positive direct effect of job satisfaction on motivation of expert staff and 6. There was a positive direct effect job satisfaction on organizational commitment

Keywords: Expert Staff Performance, Job Satisfaction, work motivation, Organizatinal commitment
Continuous Improvement Post Organizational Changes in the Official School of Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency
Authors: Soegiarto Ita , Tunas Billy , Yasin Muhammad
Published: October 2019

As we know that there are some of vocational educations that have official ties with ministries or ministry-level bodies, one of them is the College of Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics. The purpose of this study is to find things to improve the organization after changes. The main question that guides this research is the sustainability effort that needs to be applied and influences the organization. Research uses qualitative methods and case study approaches. The sampling technique was purposive and snowball sampling with 40 informants. Based on the research that has been done, found that improvements must be made continuously after organizational changes are divided into two factors. Internal factors such as lecturer competency, lecturer availability, and additional composition in the teaching-learning process from theory to practicum. While external factors regularly review of curriculum and syllabus, technology updates, and digitalization. The update in this study, each lecturer is required not only in the transfer of knowledge but also to instill ethical and moral values. The cadets were prepared as agents of change. As an official school, each graduate not only understands the knowledge gained during education but also must be ready to work at the parent institution. The cadets must be well prepared to work at the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency. For this reason, the things that need to be done in maintaining sustainability after the change in the official school organization are updating technology. There needs to be "digital culture" in various activities at STMKG, comparative studies, and participation in national and international seminars so that continuous learning and continuous improvement are always rolling.
Política, Políticas e Imigração Internacional no Brasil: mudanças recentes e perspectivas
Authors: Georg Uebel Roberto Rodolfo , Da Silva Caroline Adorne
Published: October 2019

From the field surveys performed in the South, Centre-West, Southeast and North regions of Brazil between 2014 and 2018, new migration routes, transbordering relationships of human mobility and the impacts of the desired South and Latin American regional integration were identified in the immigration profile of Brazil. In this sense, this article aims to review the cartographies, policies, routes and the state of the art of international immigration in Brazil for the last five years, which saw profound changes in the domestic and foreign scenarios. From the country of the “Brazilian dream” of Latin Americans and Caribbeans, the country changed to the country of remigrations and forced emigrations, including refugees who settled here during the short period of the migratory Eldorado. Using the instruments of thematic mapping, which is now revisited and revised in relation to our previous productions, we will discuss what remained of the “new immigration country” from the ruptures that occurred with the 2016 impeachment and with the approval and effectiveness of the new Immigration Law from 2017. The article also broaches the recent discussions on the migration of Venezuelan refugees to the Brazilian territory and its repercussions on the Latin American integration project, apparently discontinued with the rise of such disorganized governments in the region. Finally, we bring in topics the immigration perspectives for Brazil in the coming years and linked to issues of defence, geopolitics and geoeconomics, including also the discussion on environmental migration.
Apresentação
Authors: Américas Revista De Estudos e Pesquisas sobre as
Published: October 2019

Apresentação
Pensando a la Derecha
Authors: Monte Lucas Araújo
Published: October 2019

O livro “Pensando a la derecha” (2016) constitui uma síntese realizada por Antonio Zapata sobre a direita política peruana nos dias atuais. A análise é construída, a partir da origem histórica de três tradições de direita no Peru, identificadas com os principais líderes atuais: o aprismo, o clientelismo populista de direita e a direita tecnocrática. Desse modo, desenvove sua argumentação apresentando os diversos elementos caracterizadores da composição político-ideológica dessas três vertentes da direita; as quais, de fato, coexistem.
Agenda de Inovação no Brasil
Authors: Garcia Sandro Ruduit
Published: October 2019

A proposta do artigo é analisar as respostas das políticas de inovação aos contornos do processo econômico no Brasil, no período recente. Os dados foram obtidos em fontes secundárias, notadamente relatórios, regulamentos e bases estatísticas oficiais disponíveis nos sites de Ministérios. Parte-se do princípio, caro aos Innovation Studies, de que a inovação seria um processo socioeconômico relacional cuja consecução depende, sempre, de uma complexa rede de atores e de difíceis mudanças nas práticas sociais. O estudo orienta-se pela conjectura de que a consecução de uma agenda de políticas combinadas de indução, regulação e competição econômica condicionaria favoravelmente o avanço de capacidades, interações e complementaridades dos atores produtivos, na direção da formação de sistemas de inovação. Isso requeria, entre outros fatores, novas concertações entre forças do setor público e do setor privado, pois atores produtivos tradicionais tenderiam a resistir ao processo, deixando de se envolver com a agenda, acionando recursos de poder para pressionar atores estatais a apoiar e legitimar a reprodução de seu escopo de atuação, e obliterando os desdobramentos do processo.
Direito Indígena e o Paradigma Instituído pela Constituição de 1988: direito à alteridade
Authors: Mello Ferreira Rafael Alem , Bittencourt Fabiana , Rêgo Alisson Jordão
Published: October 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo o novo paradigma instituído pela Constituição Federal com relação aos direitos indígenas: a interação. Nesse sentido, a nova ordem constitucional garante o direito de ser e de permanecer índio, diversamente do paradigma anterior que previa a integração do índio à “civilização”. Destarte, a partir do estudo do contexto de produção do Estatuto do Índio e da emergência da ordem constitucional de 1988, este estudo, realizado por método avaliativo-documental, busca compreender o contexto de produção do Estatuto do índio, atual legislação a eles aplicada, avaliando a necessidade de interpretação de tal lei à luz dos dispositivos constitucionais garantistas dos direitos dos índios.
Устойчивость к негативным воздействиям и соотношение активности ферментов энергетического обмена в тканях черноморских моллюсков Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 и Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906)
Authors: Головина И. В.
Published: October 2019

Определение соотношения активности ферментов энергетического обмена малатдегидрогеназы (МДГ, 1.1.1.37) и лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ, 1.1.1.27) позволяет получить интегральную оценку физиологического состояния объекта исследования в ответ на воздействия разной природы. Цель работы ― сравнить изменение величины отношения МДГ/ЛДГ в тканях двустворчатых моллюсков: аборигенной Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 и успешного вселенца Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906), в лабораторных условиях под влиянием гипоксии, аноксии, токсиканта полихлорбифенила, сероводородного заражения и длительного содержания в аквариуме без кормления. Половозрелые моллюски собраны в районе г. Севастополя. Длина раковины мидии составляла 45–62 мм, анадары ― 27–49 мм. Активность ферментов измеряли спектрофотометрически (при 340 нм и 25 °C) по скорости окисления НАДН в цитоплазме тканей (мышцы, гепатопанкреас, жабры). Как правило, под воздействием негативных факторов активность ЛДГ снижалась значительно (на 36–80 %), активность МДГ оставалась стабильной, а коэффициент МДГ/ЛДГ в тканях обоих видов моллюсков увеличивался в 1,5–4 раза. Отмечено, что у гемоглобинсодержащей анадары коэффициент МДГ/ЛДГ был на порядок ниже, чем у мидии, как в контроле, так и в опыте. Сопоставление с литературными данными показало, что величина отношения МДГ/ЛДГ устойчивой к гипоксии анадары такая же низкая, как у оксифильных гидробионтов, в частности гребешка Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Jay, 1857) и ракообразных Crangon crangon (Linnaeus, 1758) и Carcinus aestuarii Nardo, 1847. По-видимому, низкое значение коэффициента МДГ/ЛДГ отражает способность анадары сохранять высокий уровень окислительных процессов в тканях благодаря значительному пулу соединений (эритроцитарный гемоглобин, каротиноиды, глутатион), поддерживающих аэробный процесс и осуществляющих антиоксидантную защиту. Величина коэффициента МДГ/ЛДГ может быть использована для оценки степени оксигенации тканей моллюсков в норме и в условиях гипоксии различного происхождения при мониторинговых исследованиях.
Contaminating reactivity of a monoclonal CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein β antibody in differentiating myoblasts
Authors: AlSudais Hamood , Wiper-Bergeron Nadine
Published: October 2019

Objective CCAAT/Enhancer Binding proteins (C/EBPs) are transcription factors involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes. We used the Abcam Recombinant Anti-C/EBP beta antibody (E299) to detect C/EBPβ expression during myogenesis. Though the antibody is monoclonal, and the immunogen used is highly specific to C/EBPβ, we identified an intense band at 23 kDa on western blot that did not correspond to any of the known isoforms of C/EBPβ, or family members predicted to cross-react. Absent in myoblast cells overexpressing C/EBPβ, the band was present when C/EBPβ was knocked down, confirming specificity for a protein other than C/EBPβ. The objective of this work was to identify the contaminating reactivity. Results We performed immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry to identified myosin light chain 4 (MYL4) as the unknown band, suggesting that the Abcam monoclonal antibody directed against C/EBPβ is not pure, but contains a contaminating antibody against MYL4. Caution should be used when working in cells lines that express MYL4 to not confound the detection of MYL4 with that of the C/EBPβ LIP isoform.
Later Onset of Hypertension Increased the Risk of Dementia in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Author) hongyun qin(Former Corresponding , Hu chengping , Wang ling , Guo yi , Cao Zhicheng , Zhao xudong , Author) binggen Zhu(New Corresponding
Published: October 2019

Objective

To investigate the effect of hypertension development on the progression of MCI for middle aged and elderly people.

Methods

A population-based longitudinal cognition survey of people aged 55+ was conducted. The hypertension onset age was estimated by self-reported information and medical insurance card records. In order to study the effect of later onset of hypertension on dementia, the incidence of dementia was compared between the two groups.

Results

A total of 277 h ypertensive mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants without dementia were followed for 6 years. Overall, 56 MCI participants (20.22%) progressed to dementia (MCIp). The proportion of MCIp participants in the old-age onset hypertension group (≥ 65 years) was higher than that of middle-age onset one (27.0% vs 15.4%; X 2 = 5.538, P = 0.019). And in the old-age onset hypertension group, the proportion of MCIp without diabetes mellitus was higher than those with diabetes mellitus (24.7% vs 12.6%; X 2 = 5.321, P = 0.021), and the proportion of MCIp with increased pulse pressure was higher than those without increased pulse pressure (33.3% vs 15.4%; X 2 = 3.902, P = 0.048). However, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age was the only risk for MCIp (OR=0.732, p=0.029).

Conclusions

These results suggest that, later onset hypertension was harmful to cognition even in cases where the level of blood pressure maintained at 130/80 mmHg with antihypertensive management.
Hydrogen sulfide induced by hydrogen peroxide mediates darkness-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ma Yinli , Shao Luhan , Niu Jiao
Published: October 2019

Background Whether stomatal movement by darkness in Arabidopsis thaliana is mediated by hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is undiscovered yet, so the interaction between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and H2S in the process needs to be elucidated.
Results Our results indicated that H2S modulators aminooxy acetic acid (AOA), potassium pyruvate (N3H3KO3) + ammonia (NH3), hydroxylamine (NH2OH), and hypotaurine (HT) inhibited darkness-induced stomatal closure, H2S generation and L-/D-cysteine desulfhydrase (L-/D-CDes) activity increased in wild-type A. thaliana leaves. Darkness induced stomatal closure in wild-type plants, but failed in Atl-cdes and Atd-cdes mutants. Additionally, both L-/D-CDes activity and H2S content were significantly decreased after applying H2O2 modulators salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), ascorbic acid (ASA), diphenylene iodonium (DPI), and catalase (CAT) in darkness, but there was almost no effects on H2O2 levels in the presence of AOA, C3H3KO3+NH3, NH2OH, and HT of wild-type plants in darkness. Moreover, darkness couldn't increase H2S content and L-/D-CDes activity of AtrbohF and AtrbohD/F mutants leaves, but increased H2O2 levels in Atl-cdes and Atd-cdes guard cells.
Conclusions We observed that L-/D-CDes-generated H2S mediates stomatal closure by darkness, and functions downstream of H2O2 in A. thaliana.
Effectiveness of a health intervention based on WHO food safety manual in Iran
Authors: Ghaffari Mohtasham , Mehrabi Yadollah , Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Safari-Moradabadi Ali , Jafarian Seyyede Zenab
Published: October 2019

Background: Food safety manual was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to train professionals to reduce the burden of foodborne diseases as a global strategy. The present pioneering research aimed to explore the effectiveness of an intervention based on the manual of five keys to safer food by WHO in enhancing the knowledge, attitude and behavior of Iranian health volunteers. Methods:In the present experimental research, health volunteers (n=125) were selected and assigned to two groups, an intervention and a control. A modified version of the questionnaire based on WHO manual was used to measure knowledge, attitude and behavior of the sample. The questionnaire was first completed at the outset of the study (pre-test) and then once again in two months of the intervention (post-test). Face and content validity of the questionnaire was tested and confirmed. Cronbach’s alpha was used to test the reliability of the questionnaire along with the test-retest method of testing reliability. The data entered SPSS16 for statistical analysis. To this aim, Chi-squared test, dependent and independent samples T-test, ANOVA and ANCOVA were run. Results:The two groups showed no statistically significant difference in the pretest (p>.05). In the post-test, the mean scores for all variables was higher in the intervention group than the control, and this difference between the two research groups was statistically significant (p<.001). When the volunteers were adjusted for age and experience in healthcare centers, the mean scores were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control (p<.001). Conclusion: It was revealed in the present study that the educational intervention based on five keys to food safety manual by WHO managed to improve participants’ knowledge, attitude and behavior. Translation of the target guideline in future can be a great help to researchers in prospective research.
Higher education among the “forgotten half”: The association between substance use and college completion among 2-year college students versus matched 4-year college students from a nationally representative longitudinal study
Authors: Rosenbaum Janet E.
Published: October 2019

Background: Recent policy changes have increased marijuana availability to college students. Past research has not evaluated the association between substance use and college completion among the forgotten half of disadvantaged young adults who access higher education through 2-year colleges. Methods: This study uses a subsample of college-enrolled participants from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health to evaluate whether substance use in 2001 among students attending 2-year college and 4-year college predicts educational attainment in 2008. We used Mahalanobis nearest-neighbor and exact matching within propensity score calipers to identify a comparison group of 4-year college students (n=888) similar to the 2-year college students (n=1398) on 15 baseline measures including grades, test scores, and substance use. We used multivariate regression in the matched sample using a Poisson working model to estimate the relative risk of earning no post-secondary degree.Results: Compared with matched 4-year college students, 2-year college students were more likely to use methamphetamines, cocaine, marijuana, and more likely to report problematic substance use, and less likely to use alcohol. Two-year college students who used methamphetamines in the past year (IRR=1.51, 95% CI (1.12, 2.04), p=0.007) or past month (IRR=1.69, 95% CI (1.09, 2.61), p=0.02), or completed alcohol abuse treatment (IRR=1.58, 95% CI (1.21, 2.07), p<0.001) were less likely to complete college. Four-year college students who reported that drugs interfered with school or work in the past year (IRR=1.84 (1.28, 2.64), p=0.001), used cocaine in the past year (IRR=1.47 (1.04, 2.08), p=0.03), and used marijuana in the past year (IRR=1.30 (1.07, 1.57), p=0.007), past month (IRR=1.31 (1.07, 1.61), p=0.01), or ≥5 times in the past month (IRR=1.44 (1.12, 1.85) p=0.005) were less likely to complete college. Conclusions: Substance use interventions should target 2-year and 4-year college students. Two-year colleges that better accommodate students who complete substance use treatment may improve these students’ completion. Students who use marijuana or cocaine or whose drug use impairs functioning may benefit from an incremental approach of completing a 2-year degree prior to transfer for a 4-year degree, rather than enrolling directly in a 4-year program.
In vivo and in vitro study on characterization and mechanism of the intestinal absorption of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside
Authors: Wang Cheng , Zhou Yimeng , Gong Xiaohong , Zheng Li , Li Yunxia
Published: October 2019

Background: 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbence-2-O-β-D-glucoside(TSG) is a polyhydroxyphenolic compound, which exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, such asanti-inflammatory, anti-depression, anti-oxidation and anti-atherosclerosis.However, the compound has poor bioavailability and the underlying absorption mechanisms has not been studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the intestinal absorption mechanism of TSG. Methods: This study used the Caco-2 cell monolayer model and the single-passintestinal perfusion modelto explore the intestinal absorption mechanisms of TSG. The effects of basic parameters such as drug concentration, time and pH on the intestinal absorption of TSG were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography.In addition, the susceptibility of TSG absorption process to treatment with three inhibitors, such as P-gp inhibitors verapamil hydrochloride and quinidine, and the MRP2 inhibitor probenecid were also assessed. Results: TSG is poorly absorbed in the intestines and the absorption of TSG in the stomach is much higher than that in the intestine. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the absorption of TSG was saturated with increasing concentration. and it was better absorbed in a weakly acidic environment with a pH of 6.4. Moreover, TSG interacts with P-gp and MRP2, and TSG is not only the substrate of the P-gp and MRP2, but also affects the expression of P-gp and MRP2. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the intestinal absorption mechanismsofTSG involve processes passive transport and the participation of efflux transporters.
What matters to me – A web-based preference elicitation tool for clients in long-term care: a user-centred design
Authors: Leersum Catharina Margaretha van , Moser Albine , Steenkiste Ben van , Reinartz Marion , Stoffers Esther , Wolf Judith R.L.M. , Weijden Trudy van der
Published: October 2019

Background: During the process of decision-making for long-term care, clients are often dependent on informal support and available information about quality ratings of care services. However, clients do not take ratings into account when considering preferred care, and need assistance to understand their preferences. A tool to elicit preferences for long-term care could be beneficial. Therefore, the aim of this usability study is to understand the user requirements and develop a web-based preference elicitation tool for clients in need of long-term care. Methods: We applied a user-centred design in which end-users influence the development of the tool. The included end-users were clients, relatives, and healthcare professionals. Data collection took place between November 2017 and March 2018 by means of meetings with the development team consisting of four users, walkthrough interviews with 21 individual users, video-audio recordings, field notes, and observations during the use of the tool. Data were collected during three phases of iteration: Look and feel, Navigation, and Content. A deductive and inductive content analysis approach was used for data analysis. Results: The layout was considered accessible and easy during the Look and feel phase, and users asked for neutral images. Users found navigation easy, and expressed the need for concise and shorter text blocks. Users reached consensus about the categories of preferences, wished to adjust the content with propositions about well-being, and discussed linguistic difficulties. Conclusion: By incorporating the requirements of end-users, the user-centred design proved to be useful in progressing from the prototype to the finalized tool ‘What matters to me’. This tool may assist the elicitation of client’s preferences in their search for long-term care.
Faculty Retention in Medical Schools of Iran: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Shaterjalali Maria , Gholampoor Yousef , Jeihooni Ali Khani , Mansoori Yaser , Homayounfar Reza , Ehrampoush Elham , Karimi Shahnaz
Published: October 2019

Background and purpose: Faculty are the cornerstone of academic medicine and are the important assets for any institution offering higher education. The recruitment and retention of capable faculty are essential to maintain and improve the quality of education and research performance of universities.The purpose of the present study is to discover the views, experiences, and attitudes of faculty to identify the reasons for the attrition and the retention of faculty. Methods: Using the qualitative content analysis, a total of 20 transferred faculty or those who requested to be transferred participated in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews in face to face and by telephone. To measure the trustworthiness of the data, we used the four components of Credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability proposed by Lincoln and Guba. Results: The findings were divided into 3 categories and 14 sub-categories: the first category was the retention enforcers, including 4 sub-categories of facilitated communication, distance, gaining experience, and support of authorities; the second category was the retention threats, including 6 subcategories of social infrastructures, individual dimension, occupational dimension, economic dimension, sense of respect, and executive management dimension; and the third category was the retention strategies, including 4 sub-categories of the process of recruiting and promotion, connecting with major universities, facilitating scientific growth, and fulfilling the future needs. Conclusion: Several factors play role in the retention of faculties in medical schools. Authorities can create a more positive environment by devising a suitable reward system, supporting academic activities, and increasing the level of practical autonomy of faculty, to develop a sense of belonging among the workforce, and reduce the intention to transfer of their human resources.
Use of MethHC and SurvExpress database in the course of molecular biology for medical students: Understanding of epigenetic modifications in gene expression with problem-based learning
Authors: Villarreal Joel Jimenez , Valero Silvia Selene Mercado , Urbano Iván Eleazar Cipriano , Villa Víctor Daniel Boone , Joya Jorge Alejandro Aguirre , Armendáriz Diana Isabel Rivas , Martínez Nadia Denis Betancourt , Martínez Javier Morán
Published: October 2019

Background: Currently, there are teaching methods that allow students to understand clinical conditions, pathologies and hereditary diseases, mainly supported by problem-based learning (PBL), simulation-based learning (SBL), image analysis, case studies, and use of platforms electronic and mobile applications. However, the use of databases and PBL in the compression of molecular biology applied to research has not been well investigated. The scientific literature has reported combinations of pedagogical strategies with positive results compared to the traditional method based on reading, therefore, this study aimed to design a pedagogic method making use of databases applied in scientific research to understand the relation of methylation on gene expression and its relationship in the appearance of diseases such as cancer. Methods: Three databases were used, Genetics Home Reference (GHR) for the theoretical understanding of the study gene, MethHC for the analysis of the effect of methylation on gene expression and SurvExpress for biomarker validation for cancer gene expression. All databases support your information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The guidelines of each platform for the analysis of the information were followed. The present study exemplified with the analysis of the POT1 gene that is involved with the maintenance of telomere length and has been associated with breast cancer. Results: The function of the POT1 gene, chromosomal and molecular position, number of exons and their transcriptional variants in invasive breast carcinoma were described. It was found that the expression of POT1 depends on the positioning of the levels of methylation within the structures that comprise the gene in healthy and tumor tissue, besides it was reported through a survival analysis that the gene is best expressed in the low group's risk compared to the high-risk group. Conclusion: The use of databases allows the student to make use of his theoretical knowledge and take them to clinical practice and research, the results obtained from the use of GHR, MethHC, and SurvExpress allow to apply molecular biology in clinical research and promote problem-based learning developing analysis and interpretation skills in students. This pedagogical method allows the understanding of epigenetic effects on the expression of cancer-related genes.