bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Return of the Tribe
Authors: Schorsch Jonathan
Published: March 2021

As a part of “Xenophilia: A Symposium on Xenophobia’s Contrary” in Common Knowledge, this essay examines the interest in, affection for, friendship with, and romanticization of Native Americans by Jews in the United States since the 1960s. The affinity is frequent among Jews with “progressive” or “countercultural” inclinations, especially those with strong environmental concerns and those interested in new forms of community and spirituality. For such Jews, Native Americans serve as mirror, prod, role model, projection, and fictive kin. They are regarded as having a holistic and integrated culture and religiosity, an unbroken connection to premodern attitudes and practices, an intimate relationship with the earth and with nonhuman creatures, along with positive feelings toward their own traditions and a simple, honest, and direct way of living. All of these presumed characteristics offer to progressive Jews parallels and contrasts to contemporary Jewishness and Judaism. For some, Native America has become a path back to a reconstructed Jewishness and Judaism; for others, a path away. Each path is assessed in this article with respect to questions of authenticity, psychobiography, family history, theology, and theopolitics.
Pan-cancer chromatin analysis of the human vtRNA genes uncovers their association with cancer biology
Authors: Fort Rafael Sebastián , Duhagon María Ana
Published: March 2021

Background: The vault RNAs (vtRNAs) are a class of 84-141-nt eukaryotic non-coding RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III, associated to the ribonucleoprotein complex known as vault particle. Of the four human vtRNA genes, vtRNA1-1, vtRNA1-2 and vtRNA1-3, clustered at locus 1, are integral components of the vault particle, while vtRNA2-1 is a more divergent homologue located in a second locus. Gene expression studies of vtRNAs in large cohorts have been hindered by their unsuccessful sequencing using conventional transcriptomic approaches.

Methods: VtRNA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer cohort was estimated using the genome-wide DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility data (ATAC-seq) of their genes as surrogate variables. The association between vtRNA expression and patient clinical outcome, immune subtypes and transcriptionally co-regulated gene programs was analyzed in the dataset.

Results: VtRNA1-1 has the most accessible chromatin, followed by vtRNA1-2, vtRNA2-1 and vtRNA1-3. Although the vtRNAs are co-regulated by transcription factors related to viral infection, vtRNA2-1 is the most independently regulated homologue. VtRNA1-1 and vtRNA1-3 chromatin status does not significantly change in cancer tissues. Meanwhile, vtRNA2-1 and vtRNA1-2 expression is widely deregulated in neoplastic tissues and its alteration is compatible with a broad oncogenic role for vtRNA1-2, and both tumor suppressor and oncogenic functions for vtRNA2-1. Yet, vtRNA1-1, vtRNA1-2 and vtRNA2-1 promoter DNA methylation predicts a shorter patient overall survival cancer-wide. In addition, gene ontology analyses of vtRNAs co-regulated genes identify a chromosome regulatory domain, epithelial differentiation, immune and thyroid cancer gene sets for specific vtRNAs. Furthermore, vtRNA expression patterns are associated with cancer immune subtypes and vtRNA1-2 expression is positively associated with cell proliferation and wound healing.

Conclusions: Our study presents the landscape of vtRNA expression cancer-wide, identifying co-regulated gene networks and ontological pathways associated with the different vtRNA genes that may account for their diverse roles in cancer.
Psychological and pedagogical theories and technologies of primary education (tasks and exercises for practical classes and independent work of students)
Authors: Pazuhina Svetlana
Published: March 2021

The educational and methodological manual on the discipline "Psychological and pedagogical theories and technologies of primary education" includes the development of practical classes; a set of tasks and exercises of different types for performing in the course of classroom and extracurricular work in subgroups, pairs, individually; a set of diagnostic and control and evaluation materials. Using the tasks developed by the authors in the course of organizing independent work will allow you to build an individual learning trajectory for each student, implement a differentiated approach in practice, introduce modern technologies for evaluating the educational achievements of future teachers and identifying the level of professional competencies. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the bachelor's degree programs "Pedagogical education", "Psychological and pedagogical education".
Social control: knowledge and attitude of professionals in the Academia da Cidade Program
Authors: Figueirêdo Cícero Adriano Melo , Silva Bruno César Rodrigues da , Albuquerque Amanda Emmanuelly de Melo Tavares , Brainer Mateus Gustavo , Soares Sulamita Emy Tavares de Oliveira Mendonça , Lemos Emmanuelly Correia de
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to describe the knowledge and attitude of professionals in the Academia da Cidade Program (ACP) in relation to social control. A cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach was carried out, using a self-administered questionnaire. The data were tabulated using the EpiData Entry v program. 3.1. For the analysis of the quantitative data, SPSS software version 10.0 was used, results were presented in relative and absolute frequencies. For qualitative analysis, the Content Analysis proposed by Bardin was used. 104 professionals participated, who understand social control with "Participation of users, workers and managers in the planning, formulation, evaluation and inspection of health actions, plans, projects and programs". The majority (61.5%) participated in health conferences, considered this participation as very important (62.5%). Moreover, the great majority (81.7%) encouraged users to participate in social control spaces, as well as, valued and reflected (93.3%) on the demands indicated by them. However, more than 90.0% did not participate in health councils and territorial meetings. As a result, it was found that the majority of ACP professionals know social control according to the theoretical framework of the Unified Health System. As for the attitude, they participated in conferences, encouraged users to be participative and valued the claims brought by their routine work in the Program. However, they did not participate in the health councils and the social control spaces within their territory. It is suggested that these findings guide educational and training actions at the municipal and state levels.
Alliance Governance Mechanisms in the Face of Disruption
Authors: Keller Arne , Lumineau Fabrice , Mellewigt Thomas , Ariño Africa
Published: March 2021

Existing academic literature has discussed contracts and relational governance as the key mechanisms that help alliance partners address problems of cooperation and coordination. However, when an alliance undergoes disruption, the nature and extent of such problems may change and therefore the value of these mechanisms may change. This study advances a dynamic perspective on alliance governance by examining the impact of disruption and subsequent adjustment on the value of alliance governance mechanisms. To this end, we longitudinally studied a revelatory case of a research and development alliance in the veterinary drug industry that experienced disruption triggered by an internal restructuring at one of the partner companies. We approached the evidence with a fine-grained typology that builds on two dimensions that underlie governance mechanisms: the means to enforce their ruling principles (contractual versus relational) and the level of codification of these principles (formal versus informal). Based on our findings, we (1) show the significance of this revised typology, which suggests that contractual governance is not necessarily formal and relational governance is not necessarily informal; (2) provide a more systematic discussion of the tradeoffs that the various mechanisms entail and how these are altered through disruption and adjustment dynamics; and (3) analyze how the interplay between different types of governance mechanisms evolves following disruption and adjustment. Overall, our study brings the concept of disruption to the dynamic perspective of alliance governance and highlights the contingent value of alliance governance mechanisms.
A suitable anaesthetic protocol for metamorphic zebrafish
Authors: Owen Jennifer P. , Kelsh Robert N.
Published: March 2021

Zebrafish are frequently used as a means to investigate development. These studies increasingly require repeated anaesthesia of zebrafish during juvenile (i.e. metamorphic) stages. The effects of anaesthesia during this time remain poorly studied. The aim of this study was to develop a reliable method that can be used for frequently repeated anaesthesia during juvenile stages. Initially, we assessed different concentrations of MS-222, the most commonly used fish anaesthetic, for 30 minute anaesthesia with recovery. We showed that suitable MS-222 doses could be identified for the smallest (7mm) and largest (20mm) fish. However, we found that juvenile fish within a specific metamorphic window (sized between 8–16 mm) were vulnerable to MS-222 and no standard concentration of MS-222 provided reliable anaesthesia under these conditions. Hence we focussed our efforts on identifying a protocol for these stages. We tested six different published anaesthesia protocols P1—P6 where P1, P2 corresponds to 0.01% MS-222, P3, P4: 0.085% 2-phenoxyethanol and P5, P6: 0.00025%/0.0050% Propofol/Lidocaine. In protocols P1, P3, P5 fish were maintained by immersion, whilst in P2, P4 and P6: fish were maintained on an anaesthetic-doused cotton-pad. We assessed reliable anaesthesia using 10 fish for 10 minutes, with full recovery. Our data allowed us to eliminate two of these protocols as unsuitable for short term anaesthesia with recovery of juvenile fish. Extending these studies to explore repeated anaesthesia at 4 day intervals for 20 days under the remaining four protocols, we showed that P1 and P4 were both suitable for repeated anaesthesia, and that P4 was most suitable for imaging. We confirmed that P4 remained suitable when the frequency of anaesthesia was increased to every 2 days. We conclude that this protocol provides a refinement to the current protocol for repeated anaesthesia with recovery of juvenile zebrafish in the vulnerable metamorphic window.
How varying parameters impact insecticide resistance bioassay: An example on the worldwide invasive pest Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Blouquy Lucile , Mottet Claire , Olivares Jérôme , Plantamp Christophe , Siegwart Myriam , Barrès Benoit
Published: March 2021

Monitoring pesticide resistance is essential for effective and sustainable agricultural practices. Bioassays are the basis for pesticide-resistance testing, but devising a reliable and reproducible method can be challenging because these tests are carried out on living organisms. Here, we investigated five critical parameters and how they affected the evaluation of resistance to the organophosphate phosmet or the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin using a tarsal-contact protocol on Drosophila suzukii, a worldwide invasive pest. Three of the parameters were related to insect biology: (i) sex, (ii) age of the imago (adult stage) and (iii) genetic diversity of the tested population. The two remaining parameters were linked to the experimental setup: (iv) the number of individuals tested per dose and (v) the duration of exposure to the active ingredient. Results showed that response to insecticide differed depending on sex, males being twice as susceptible to phosmet as females. Age principally affected young females’ susceptibility to phosmet, because 0–24 hour-old flies were twice as susceptible as 24–48 hour-old and 72–96 hour-old females. Genetic diversity had no observable effect on resistance levels. The precision and accuracy of the median lethal dose (LD50) were greatly affected by the number of individuals tested per dose with a threshold effect. Finally, optimal duration of exposure to the active ingredient was 24 h, as we found an underestimation of mortality when assessed between 1 and 5 h after exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin. None of the main known point mutations on the para sodium channel gene associated with a knockdown effect were observed. Our study demonstrates the importance of calibrating the various parameters of a bioassay to develop a reliable method. It also provides a valuable and transferable protocol for monitoring D. suzukii resistance worldwide.
Dynamics of patents, orphan drug designation, licensing, and revenues from drugs for rare diseases: The market expansion of eculizumab
Authors: Caetano Rosângela , Cordeiro Dias Villela Correa Marilena , Villardi Pedro , Almeida Rodrigues Paulo Henrique , Garcia Serpa Osorio-de-Castro Claudia
Published: March 2021

Background

This study examines the dynamics of the eculizumab patenting, orphan designation, and marketing authorization process in different countries and regulatory systems and analyzes drug revenues since its first marketing authorization.

Methods

A retrospective case study was conducted. Multiple information sources were used to: determine the status of eculizumab patents; examine the designation of orphan drug status by US, European, Japanese, and Brazilian regulatory authorities to determine registration status and approved clinical indications; estimate the prevalence of associated clinical conditions; investigate the history of the drug manufacturer, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and its financialized business model; and examine global eculizumab sales revenues since its first marketing authorization.

Results

Our search yielded 32 patent families divided into 98 applications. The first patent granted was filed in 1995 by Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in the US. Eculizumab has always been as an orphan drug, except in the Brazilian regulatory agency. All clinical indications approved thus far refer to rare diseases (e.g., paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria syndrome, atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome, refractory and generalized myasthenia gravis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder). Alexion’s revenues amounted to more than US$25 billion between 2007 and 2019, showing a growing trend. Eculizumab led sales from the beginning, being the only product in the company’s portfolio until 2015. In 2019, the drug accounted for 79.1% of all revenues.

Discussion

Our findings show that a strategy focused on obtaining orphan drug designation, expanding therapeutic indications and the geographic range of marketing approvals, extending monopoly periods, and prioritizing public procurement niches has enhanced revenues and helped the company achieve leadership in a highly specific and profitable market.
ECM-mediated positional cues are able to induce pattern, but not new positional information, during axolotl limb regeneration
Authors: Vieira Warren A. , Goren Shira , McCusker Catherine D.
Published: March 2021

The Mexican Axolotl is able to regenerate missing limb structures in any position along the limb axis throughout its life and serves as an excellent model to understand the basic mechanisms of endogenous regeneration. How the new pattern of the regenerating axolotl limb is established has not been completely resolved. An accumulating body of evidence indicates that pattern formation occurs in a hierarchical fashion, which consists of two different types of positional communications. The first type (Type 1) of communication occurs between connective tissue cells, which retain memory of their original pattern information and use this memory to generate the pattern of the regenerate. The second type (Type 2) of communication occurs from connective tissue cells to other cell types in the regenerate, which don’t retain positional memory themselves and arrange themselves according to these positional cues. Previous studies suggest that molecules within the extracellular matrix (ECM) participate in pattern formation in developing and regenerating limbs. However, it is unclear whether these molecules play a role in Type 1 or Type 2 positional communications. Utilizing the Accessory Limb Model, a regenerative assay, and transcriptomic analyses in regenerates that have been reprogrammed by treatment with Retinoic Acid, our data indicates that the ECM likely facilities Type-2 positional communications during limb regeneration.
Piscirickettsia salmonis shedding and tissue burden, and hematological responses during cohabitation infections in chum Oncorhynchus keta, pink O. gorbuscha and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
Authors: Long Amy , Jones Simon R. M.
Published: March 2021

Background

Salmonid rickettsial septicemia is an emergent and geographically widespread disease of marine-farmed salmonids caused by infection with the water-borne bacterium Piscirickettsia salmonis. Very little is known about the route, timing, or magnitude of bacterial shedding from infected fish.

Methodology/principal findings

A cohabitation challenge model was used to assess shedding from chum Oncorhynchus keta, pink O. gorbuscha and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Infections in donor fish were established by intraperitoneal injection of P. salmonis. Naïve recipients were cohabitated with donor fish after which cumulative percent morbidity and mortality (CMM) was monitored, and bacterial burdens in kidney and in tank water were measured by qPCR. All donor fish died with mean days-to-death (MDD) among species ranging from 17.5 to 23.9. Among recipients, CMM ranged from 42.7% to 77.8% and MDD ranged from 49.7 to 56.4. In each trial, two peaks of bacterial DNA concentrations in tank water closely aligned with the MDD values of donor and recipient fish. Bacterial tissue burden and shedding rate, and plasma physiological parameters were obtained from individual donors and recipients. Statistically significant positive correlations between the shedding rate and P. salmonis kidney burden were measured in donor pink and in donor and recipient chum salmon, but not in donor or recipient Atlantic salmon. In Atlantic salmon, there was a negative correlation between kidney bacterial burden and hematocrit, plasma Ca++ and Mg++ values, whereas in infected chum salmon the correlation was positive for Na+ and Cl- and negative for glucose.

Conclusions

A dependency of bacterial shedding on species-specific patterns of pathogenesis was suggested. The coincidence of bacterial shedding with mortality will inform pathogen transmission models.
Socio-demographic factors impact disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia among Chinese children
Authors: Ao Deng , Guo Shuai , Yun Chunfeng , Zheng Xiaoying
Published: March 2021

Background

Disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia will burden child health and well-being. To date, our understanding about the situation and risk factors of perinatal asphyxia-induced disabilities among Chinese children is still limited.

Objectives

To evaluate the prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors of disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia among Chinese children in 2006 and compare disability trajectories across different socio-demographic status.

Methods

Cross-sectional data came from the 2006 China National Survey on Disability which includes a total of 616,940 children aged 0–17 years old was employed in the investigation. Perinatal asphyxia-induced disabilities were identified by following the guidance in consensus manuals. Population-weighted numbers and prevalence rates were investigated, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate associations between disabilities and socio-demographic factors. Adjusted predictions at representative values were computed to compare the disability trajectories relative to significant socio-demographic variables.

Results

The prevalence rate of disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia was 7.70 per 10,000 children (95% CI: 7.01–8.39). Male (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.47–2.23) and low family income (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.21–2.49) have higher and the increase of per additional year of age (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.88–0.91) has lower probability of being disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia. Further disability trajectories showed that differences in probability between gender and family income group were more evident before age 7 and weakened with increasing age.

Conclusions

Our results showed that both demographic and socioeconomic characteristics are risk factors for disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia. Of these, gender and family income have much higher impact than other factors on the prevalence rate of disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia at infants and young children. Multiple society sectors should increase their effort to bring about fundamental social change to prevent disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia, especially concerning younger children and their families.
Zoonosis: la cara oculta de la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Rodríguez Ferri Elías F. , Calvo Sáez Luis A.
Published: March 2021

Las zoonosis son enfermedades que se transmiten de forma natural entre los animales y el hombre. Su interés es enorme y creciente, especialmente en los últimos años en los que han emergido como problemas de gravedad y gran difusión, como zoonosis emergentes. Las zoonosis representan, al menos, el 60% de las enfermedades infecciosas humanas y hasta el 75% de las enfermedades emergentes, por lo que su importancia relativa esta sobradamente justificada. Desde el punto de vista sanitario son causa de muerte, enfermedad, sufrimiento y secuelas y, desde el punto de vista económico, causan quebranto en las naciones o, en todo el mundo, cuando la extensión de la enfermedad es global. El artículo discute cuestiones relativas a la predicción, prevención y control de zoonosis y se fija de modo particular, por su actualidad, en la COVID-19, una pandemia que tiene la condición de zoonosis al admitirse su origen en murciélagos con la intervención probable de un hospedador intermediario. Es importante la unión de fuerzas entre la sanidad animal, la salud humana y la sanidad ambiental, en el contexto de Una sola Salud, para lograr el éxito en el control y erradicación de estas enfermedades.
Las pandemias en el cine: argumentos que se han hecho virales
Authors: Juanes Méndez Juan A.
Published: March 2021

Las pandemias siempre han sido una de las grandes preocupaciones de la humanidad dado que en algún momento de la historia han azotado a la población mundial.

La situación actual generada por el coronavirus, ha hecho que las películas sobre infecciones, epidemias, pandemias, etc., hayan sido las más visionadas en diferentes plataformas de streaming, debido al confinamiento que hemos tenido que padecer. Este trabajo pretende hacer una visión general de las principales y más llamativas películas que tratan sobre distintos aspectos de patologías por contagios virales. Este tipo de películas siempre ha mostrado gran interés en la población, siendo por lo general muy rentables económicamente para las productoras cinematográficas. Con la visualización de estas películas se busca contribuir, a una sensibilización de la población mundial y poder difundir y promover medidas higiénico-sanitarias.
El amigo invisible. Una aproximación al SIDA a través de la obra de Hervé Guibert
Authors: Polán Laura , Cachero Javier
Published: March 2021

En plena pandemia de VIH/SIDA que asolaba de manera silenciosa el mundo, Hervé Guibert publicó en 1990 “Al amigo que no me salvó la vida”. Guibert plantea esta novela a modo de despedida personal. En ella, el autor pretende exponer la dureza de la enfermedad, narrando con total sinceridad y claridad cuestiones tales como causas de infección, sintomatología, tratamiento y pronóstico de la enfermedad y los aspectos socioculturales que implican estar enfermo de VIH en la década de los 80, en donde la ignorancia acerca del tema provocó una repulsa inmediata hacia los afectados. Hervé escribe la novela en una época donde millones de enfermos languidecían en sus casas apartados y repudiados con el objetivo de educar y visibilizar la situación de los enfermos de VIH. La incertidumbre, la ignorancia, el dolor y la falta de empatía son temas recurrentes en la narración, cuyo autor aborda a la par como, testimonio personal y acción reivindicativa. En definitiva, pretende con esta publicación remover conciencias y dar voz a los millones de almas que deambularon desamparados y sin más certeza que la de su futura muerte por una sociedad asustada por el desconocimiento acerca del VIH. Desconocimiento que el autor aspira a suprimir con su novela. Finalmente, Hervé Guibert, fallecerá a causa del SIDA a la edad de 36 años en 1991 dejando un legado que nos hace recordar la necesidad de luchar contra la estigmatización de los enfermos y las enfermedades.
Level of Antenatal Care Services Utilization and Associated Factors Among Mothers who have Given Birth in the Past Twelve Months in Gelemso Town, West Hararghe Zone, Oromia National Regional State, East Ethiopia
Authors: Aboma Daniel , Egata Gudina , Ayalew Daniel
Published: March 2021

Background
In Ethiopia, the levels of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality are among the highest in the world. This is attributed to, among other factors, none use of modern health care services by women. According to the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey, more than seven in ten mothers did not receive antenatal care at all.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to determine level and identify factors influencing maternal antenatal care services utilization among mothers who gave birth in the last twelve months in Gelemso town west Hararghe Oromia, Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross sectional study design was conducted on 347 study participants in Gelemso town west Hararghe Oromia Ethiopia from July 15, 2017 to August 15, 2017 G.C.A probability to proportional to size sampling technique was used to select the study population in two urban Kebeles. Data were collected using a pre tested structured questionairs. Descriptive results were presented using frequencies, and numerical summary measures. Bivariate analysis was carried out to assess the association between outcome variable and each in dependent variables. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was estimated to identify factors associated with Antenatal Care (ANC) utilization using multivariable logistic regression. The statistical significance was declared at p- value < 0.05.

Result
The response rate this study was 98%. The prevalence of antenatal care service utilization was 64.6%. About 146 (42.1%) of the pregnant mother started antenatal care visit during the second trimester of pregnancy and a significant proportion 289(83.3%) had less than the recommended four visits. Educational status (AOR;15.19:CI 95%,6.006,38.417), husband attitude (AOR;1.995:CI 95%,1.016,3.916), marital status(AOR:4.587:CI 95%,1.888,11.146), planned pregnancy (AOR:4.938:CI 95%,2.514,9.702) were major factors associated with antenatal care service utilization.

Conclusion
Though more than half mother used antenatal care service in the study setting, two in ten of the mothers did not have the minimum number of visits recommended by World Health Organization. Promotion of information, education and communication in the community should be strengthened is to sustain antenatal care service utilization in the community.
DIVERSIDADE DE METODOLOGIAS E DE ABORDAGENS NA EDUCAÇÃO: QUANDO O TODO É MAIOR QUE A SOMA DAS PARTES
Authors: Castro Paulo Alexandre de , Barros Victor F. A. , Leão Celina P. , Masa Juan Arias
Published: March 2021

Neste número especial do periódico cientÃ­fico â€œBrazilian Journal of Education, Technology and Societyâ€ (BRAJETS), que foi produzido em parceria com o 8Âº Congresso Ibero-Americano em Investigação Qualitativa (CIAIQ2019) tem como tema/fio condutor a â€œDiversidade de metodologias e de abordagens na Educação: Quando o TODO é maior que a SOMA das PARTES.â€. Os dez artigos, em suas versões estendidas (em relação as versões do CIAIQ2019) dos trabalhos selecionados e convidados, por uma comissão cientÃ­fica/organizadora do CIAIQ2019 discorrem/debatem sobre diversidade, metodologias, abordagens e visões diferenciadas na Educação. Como a história da parceria entre o CIAIQ e o BRAJETS tem mostrado, buscamos de forma contÃ­nua, e com alta nÃ­vel de qualidade dos trabalhos, a divulgação da investigação qualitativa junto Ã  comunidade cientÃ­fica nas áreas alvos da Revista que são: educação, tecnologia, medicina, sociedade e internacionalização de programas de pós-graduação. Lembrando sempre que, temos como foco, objetivo maior, proporcionar representatividade e qualidade dos artigos publicados neste periódico, para isso nos certificamos de que todos eles passassem por um processo de revisão double-blind, por meio de análise criteriosa de uma comissão cientÃ­fica composta de pesquisadores de excelência, extremamente qualificados e ativos em suas respectivas áreas de atuação. Feita esse preâmbulo, convidamos a todos vocês da comunidade acadêmica a aproveitar a leitura deste número especial, e nós da comissão cientÃ­fica/organizadora da BRAJETS e do CIAIQ desejamos a todas(o) as(os) leitoras(es) que essa compilação de artigos lhes possam ser úteis e inspiradores de futuros trabalhos.
El estado de la formación superior y la investigación académica en Psicología en Costa Rica. Periodo 2013-2014.
Authors: Villalobos-Pérez Alfonso , Jungue Cristina , Monge-Salazar Alejandro , Vargas-Fallas Kattia
Published: March 2021

La Psicología costarricense comenzó su desarrollo histórico en la década de los años 1930. Posteriormente, ya entrada la segunda mitad del siglo XX, se establecieron procesos académicos que desembocaron en la aparición de la primera Escuela de Psicología: En los años ochenta y noventa se expandieron dichas academias en diversas universidades privadas y públicas. Este estudio se orientó a revisar el estado de la formación en la disciplina y las condiciones de investigación en esta ciencia en Costa Rica. Para ello, se aplicaron cuestionarios a escuelas, centros de investigación y al ente regulador de la psicología nacional. Se recibieron pocas respuestas (dos cuestionarios de 21 universidades que imparten la carrera y dos centros de investigación en psicología y ciencias afines); sin embargo, se pudo constatar que la Psicología costarricense ha construido un sentido académico orientado a la formación y con menor peso en la investigación académica. La universidad que tiene mayor tradición cuenta con mejores sistemas de financiamiento y personal capacitado en el extranjero. Otras instituciones de educación están comenzando una aproximación particular a la investigación. Es de esperar que los procesos de acreditación nacionales permitan y faciliten un panorama más positivo en los próximos años para la formación y la academia psicológica costarricense en general.
Venezuela Psicología: Ciencia, disciplina, profesión y sus desafíos
Authors: Canga Juan Carlos , Yáber Oltra Guillermo
Published: March 2021

La carrera de Psicología en Venezuela se comenzó a ofrecer como un programa de licenciatura en las Universidades a mediados de los años 50. Los egresados de las primeras promociones organizaron el Colegio de Psicólogos de Venezuela en 1961 que luego se convertiría en Federación de Psicólogos de Venezuela, con la aprobación de la ley del ejercicio en 1978. El primer programa de maestría en Psicología se ofreció en 1974 y los de especialización en 1979. El primer doctorado se ofreció en 1989. Hoy en día existen cerca de 14000 profesionales de los cuales más de 9000 se encuentran registrados de acuerdo a la ley. La mayoría de los profesionales ejercen en Psicología Industrial y Psicología Clínica pero también en los campos de la educación, salud, deporte y recreación, ambiental, consumo, y social comunitaria entre otros. Los profesionales también participan de Sociedades Científicas y Profesionales. El organismo gremial que agrupa a los psicólogos, por delegación del Estado, se ocupa de proteger los intereses de los beneficiarios de servicios de psicología y también los intereses de sus agremiados. Actualmente la psicología en Venezuela tiene el importante reto de luchar en contra del intrusismo y de hacerse más visible públicamente, realizando el cabildeo necesario para participar e influir en la formulación y desarrollo de políticas públicas donde la disciplina puede contribuir al desarrollo de la Sociedad.
Sujetos de protección en el derecho privado
Authors: Cardozo Roa Clara Carolina , Daza Coronado Sandra Milena , Alventosa del Río Josefina , Andrade Otaiza José Vicente , Camacho Torres Gretha Camela , Guillén Catalán Raquel , Guío Camargo Rosa Elizabeth , Marrades Puig Ana Isabel , Ramírez Gómez Eddy Rolando , Salamanca Cruz Juan David
Published: March 2021

This book seeks to deepen the principle of legal equality, its scope and content in front of certain population. In the same way as its extension to other subjects, under the methodology of legal dogmatics, it seeks a bibliographic and jurisprudential review within the project “The challenges of contemporary private law in the context of the constitutional debate and new developments in the economy”, of the Group Study in Private Law and Intellectual Property in the line of research Private Law. The foregoing within the framework of the constitutionalization of national private law, and comparative private law studies at the Catholic University of Colombia. The purpose of this book is to offer to the academic community states of the art that facilitate the subsequent formulation of research projects to allow the study, understanding and dimension of the subject of rights as a category that transcends the traditional concept of person in their search for legal equality in situations related to age, sex, gender, disability, economic conditions, and others. All within the era of the constitutionalization of private law.
Sustainable Development and the United Nations Dialogues
Authors: Riley Sophie
Published: March 2021

The Earth Summit (1992) heralded what was anticipated to be a new era in environmental regulation with the advent of sustainable development. The concept was based on integrating environmental protection with economic development, supported by specific objectives, such as protection of biodiversity and achievement of intergenerational equity. By the early part of the 21st-century it was apparent that sustainable development had become equated with continuous economic growth, human domination and commodification of nature. This article argues that shortcomings in sustainable development, apparent over the past 25 years, are partly due to the concept’s initial formulation and also attributable to the way the concept has been interpreted and implemented. This validates calls for reconfiguring society’s value systems by better integrating law and policy with Earth-centric principles. The discussion argues that this involves more than tinkering with the key tenets of sustainable development, instead of necessitating their reconceptualisation in accordance with philosophies of Earth jurisprudence.
Universal Values
Authors: Treadell Vicki
Published: March 2021

This article has been adapted from the 9th Michael Kirby Justice Oration, delivered at the College of Law & Justice, Victoria University, Melbourne, on 27 August 2019.
Foreword
Authors: Laster Kathy
Published: March 2021

Foreword to Volume 9, Issue 1.
Editorial
Authors: Jayasekera Pavithra
Published: March 2021

Editorial to Volume 9, Issue 1.
Oral lichen planus involving the palate: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Ahmed Shaheen , Alzubaidee Ali
Published: March 2021

planus is a mucocutaneous disease affecting approximately 1.5 to 2% of the world popu-lation. Women are most of ten affected and lichen planus is usually reported in individuals over 50 years of age The etiology of lichen planus is unknown at present and the disorder has been classified as a chronic disease of immune-mediated pathogenesis. The oral lesions are usually bilateral and involve the buccal mucosa in about 90 per cent of all cases. In descending order of frequency the tongue, gingivae, alveolar ridge, lips, and less commonly the palate may also be affected. In this paper , we are presented a case , 65-year-old female patient who came to de-partment of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine in Khanzad Center with a chief complaint of burn-ing sensation of the mouth especially hard palate, bilateral buccal mucosa and lower anterior gingiva for about 10 years duration, aggravated by hot and spicy food. The diagnosis was con-firmed by biopsy as lichen planus. The skin was not involved lesion. Keywords: Oral lichen planus, Palatal lichen planus, Burning sensation, Buccal mucosa
Elimination of Misconduct in Manual Counting Process as an Improvement of Inventory Accuracy in A Manufacturing Company
Authors: Mohd Mahzan Iman Haddad Qaisara Dhia , Lee Khai Loon
Published: March 2021

Managing inventory is crucial especially for manufacturing companies as it has a direct influence on profits of the company. In order to have an efficient inventory management, inventory accuracy need to be achieved and this can be achieved by leveraging technologies and techniques that can minimize the human error. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors affecting inventory inaccuracy in Factory 21 of ABC manufacturing company. This study reveals that the inventory inaccuracy is influenced by the order received in the factory, which is due to the human misconduct during the manual counting process of cartons on pallet. This paper proposes the deployment of Arduino sensor network system in automating the carton counting process.The findings for this study show that the automation system able to improve the inventory record accuracy in ABC manufacturing company.
The Life of Euphrosyne of Polotsk in Synaxarion Manuscript from Lviv Historical Museum
Authors: Zhurina Yulia
Published: March 2021

This publication is dedicated to a newly discovered copy of the synaxarian life of St. Euphrosyne of Polotsk kept in the Lviv Historical Museum (the 17th c. manuscript No. 108). A synaxarian (brief) version of the life of St. Euphrosyne was previously known in four 15th–17th centuries handwritten synaxaria for the spring half of a year. The information of the fifth copy of St. Euphrosyne's of Polotsk life has been provided and its text is published.
On two-channel circuits of subband filtration of multidimensional signals
Authors: Babenko V.F. , Ligun A.A. , Shumeiko O.M.
Published: March 2021

We propose the method to construct high-frequency and low-frequency analysing and restoring filters for digital processing of multidimensional signals.
On absolute summability of integrals with multipliers
Authors: Bojtsun L.G. , Khaliuzova A.I.
Published: March 2021

We establish sufficient conditions for summability of integrals with multiplier by $|\overline{W}, p(y)|_k$, $k \geqslant 1$, method.
On sharp inequality of Kolmogorov type for functions of low smoothness from the class $L_1^r(T)$
Authors: Kofanov V.A. , Miropolskii V.Ye.
Published: March 2021

We obtain new sharp inequality of Kolmogorov type for differentiable periodic functions $x \in L_1^3$.
Characterization of the best non-symmetric approximant in spaces with mixed integral metric
Authors: Agoshkova T.A. , Traktynska V.M.
Published: March 2021

The criterion of the best non-symmetric approximant for functions of many variables in the spaces with mixed integral metric is obtained.
On approximation of functions by algebraic polynomials in $L^p_{\rho}$ metric
Authors: Goncharov S.V.
Published: March 2021

The version has been found, of improved Jackson's theorem analogue, concerning the approximation by algebraic polynomials on the interval in the integral metric for some classes of functions being integrable with the following weight: $\rho(x) = (1-x)^{\alpha} (1+x)^{\beta}$.
The best one-sided approximation of classes $W^r H^{\omega}$ with regard to point location on the interval
Authors: Pasko A.M.
Published: March 2021

The estimation of the best one-sided pointwise approximation to the classes $W^r H^{\omega}$ with the remainder better than one of the previous estimation is obtained.
Error at interpolation of some classes of functions by multilinear splines
Authors: Babenko V.F. , Leskevich T.Yu.
Published: March 2021

We obtain the exact value of error at interpolation of some classes of multivariate functions, which are determined by given convex upwards majorant of modulus of continuity, by multilinear splines.
On mutual deviation of some subspaces of interpolatory Hermitian splines
Authors: Velikіn V.L.
Published: March 2021

We obtain exact values and two-sided estimates on the interpolatory openings of certain subspaces of Hermitian splines over sets of continuously differentiable functions.
On some types of antinormal subgroups
Authors: Pypka A.A. , Chupordia V.A.
Published: March 2021

A subgroup $H$ is called a pronormal subgroup in a group $G$ if for any $g \in G$ subgroups $H$ and $H^g$ are conjugated in ${<}H, H^g{>}$. A subgroup $H$ is called a contranormal subgroup in a group $G$ if $H^G = G$. A subgroup $H$ is called a weak pronormal subgroup in a group $G$ if $N_K(H)$ is contranormal in any subgroup $K$ which contains $H$. We obtained the examples of non pronormal but weak pronormal subgroups.
On approximation of functions by algebraic polynomials on the average in real domain with Chebyshev-Hermite weight
Authors: Vakarchuk S.B. , Vakarchuk M.B.
Published: March 2021

Exact inequalities of Jackson's type, connected with the best approximation of functions by algebraic polynomials, have been obtained in the space $L_{2,\rho}(\mathbb{R})$ at the Chebyshev-Hermite weight.
Groups where non-normal subgroups are close to Abelian groups
Authors: Semko M.M. , Yarova O.A.
Published: March 2021

In this paper we consider solvable groups, each subgroup of which is either normal or has a Chernikov commutator subgroup.
Antimicrobial resistance patterns and phylogenetic analysis of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains from goats using both Clermont phylogenetic schemes
Authors: Jajarmi M. , Askari Badouei M. , Ghanbarpour R. , Karmostaji A. , Alizade H.
Published: March 2021

Foodborne transmission of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) poses a threat to public health. The Clermont typing schemes (previous and revised) have been used widely to phylotype E. coli. The present study was conducted to compare the relationship of the Clermont phylogenet-ic schemes in STEC strains isolated from goats and antibiotic resistance patterns in the southeast of Iran. Overall 52 strains carrying the stx gene were used for subsequent analysis. All strains were determined by analysing the genomic DNA with a PCR-based method using the two Clermont et al. (2000, 2013) schemes. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains were con-firmed by the double disk-diffusion method. STEC strains were also tested for susceptibility to 20 antimicrobials agents. In the original Clermont method, the prevalent phylogroups were B1 (69.2%) and A (28.8%). The significant phylogenetic groups of strains according to the revised Clermont method were B1 (82.7%), A (13.5%) and unknown (3.8%). However, STEC strains underwent changes as noted from A to B1 (17.3%), B1 to unknown (3.8%), B1 to A (1.9%) and D to B1 (1.9%) groupings. Of the 52 stx-positive strains, two ESBL producing strains were detected. Susceptibility data showed that the most frequent resistance phenotype was related to cefazolin (90.4%), streptomycin (88.5%), ampicillin (86.5%) and oxytetracycline (82.7%) respectively. Alt-hough the overall frequency of the reassigned phylotypes was not significant, most changes oc-curred within the A phylotype. Therefore, implementation of the new method on isolates belong-ing to the A phylotype in the old method seems to be necessary to obtain accurate results.
The Historical Change in the Role of the Two Hungarian Words for Red (Piros and Vörös) and Their Visual Semantics
Authors: Bálizs Beáta
Published: March 2021

The present study summarizes the key findings of a multi-year interdisciplinary investigation, performed using specific (ethnographic, anthropological, and linguistic) research methods, into the two color terms mentioned in the title. Originally intended as empirical research involving all Hungarian color terms and individual community-dependent relationships with colors, it was eventually supplemented by a text-based examination of the history of the color terms piros and veres/vörös. A further objective was to answer questions raised in the course of international research concerning the reason for the existence of two color terms with similar meanings in the Hungarian language to denote the red color range. Earlier studies had already suggested that the modern use of vörös, which has more ancient roots in the Hungarian language, may be related to the fact that this color term was previously used more extensively. However, the present research is unique in demonstrating the substantial changes that have taken place in the Hungarian language in relation to the role and meaning of these color terms. It has already been established that the two color terms switched places historically, and that piros today fulfills precisely the same function that for centuries belonged to veres/vörös, until the color term piros began to gain ground in the 19th century.
“Ain’t Nobody Gone Take It from You!”
Authors: Black Fiona C.
Published: March 2021

Dance, in both its historical formulations during the slave trade and its contemporary manifestations in carnival celebrations, has enormous significance for numerous Caribbean cultures. Using some biblical texts to think with (2 Sam 6: 14; Song 6: 13), this paper explores the historical and contemporary event of Junkanoo as a reflection of Bahamian culture and its interaction with colonialism and contemporary tourism. Junkanoo is not explicitly biblical or religious, though it does show the marks and tussles of colonization and hence Christianization. The biblical moments of movement and resistance considered here frame dance in various and interesting ways—as the vehicle for emotional expression, as liberation, as licensed revolt, as the tool of empire—allowing for exploration of dance as a multi-valent, political act, as much as a powerful reflection of affect.
Motivation for vocational training: significance to nurses in neonatal intensive care
Authors: Oliveira Ana Izaura Basso de , Wernet Monika , Facio Beatriz Castanheira , Dias Patrícia Luciana Moreira , Fabbro Márcia Regina Cangiani
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: To analyze the motivation of neonatal intensive care nurses and the meanings attributed to the continuity of professional training. Methods: qualitative study, developed between August and December 2018, based on interviews with 16 nurses working in Neonatal Intensive Care in cities in seven Health Regions in the State of São Paulo. The theory of self-determination and narrative analysis supported this study. Results: the search for specialization and qualification of care is the plot, with the motivation for training initially based on the specialization and qualification of care. Over time, they revisit understandings carried out about care, making considerations about training, factors that influence motivation. Final Considerations: the motivation expressed by the nurse in the search for training is shown through movements marked by the limitations apprehended in practice on the care of the risk neonate and the acquisition of knowledge to act with quality in this specific health scenario.