bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developmental changes in straight gait in childhood
Authors: Miyagishima Saori , Mani Hiroki , Sato Yui , Inoue Takahiro , Asaka Tadayoshi , Kozuka Naoki
Published: February 2023

Background

Understanding typical gait development is critical in developing suitable physical therapy methods for gait disorders. This study investigated the developmental changes and controlling mechanisms of straight gait.

Methods

We conducted an experimental procedure among 90 participants, including 76 typically developing children and 14 healthy adults. The children were divided according to age into 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, and 9-10-year age groups. We created two indices to quantify straight gait using the extrapolated center of mass (XCOM; goal index, XCOMG and actual progress index, XCOMP), which were calculated and compared between the groups. Stepwise multiple regression was used to examine the effects of each gait variable on XCOMG and XCOMP. To eliminate the effects of multicollinearity, correlation coefficients were calculated for all gait variables.

Results

Both XCOMG and XCOMP decreased gradually with age and were significantly larger in the 3–4 and 5–6 year groups than in the adult group. Multiple regression analysis showed that step velocity, step width, and the coefficiente of variation (CV) of the step width had independent coefficients of variation for the XCOMG, and the symmetry index of step time, step width, and the CV of the step width had independent CV for the XCOMP. These variables were selected as significant variables. The results showed that meandering gait was more pronounced at younger ages. Furthermore, straight gait observed in adulthood was achieved by the age of 7.

Conclusion

Pace (step velocity) and stability (step width and CV of step width) may contribute to XCOMG, which assesses the ability to proceed in the direction of the target. Stability and symmetry may contribute to XCOMP, which assesses the ability to walk straight in one’s own direction of progress. Physical therapists could apply these indices in children to assess their ability to walk straight.
Exploring the expressiveness of abstract metabolic networks
Authors: García Irene , Chouaia Bessem , Llabrés Mercè , Simeoni Marta
Published: February 2023

Metabolism is characterised by chemical reactions linked to each other, creating a complex network structure. The whole metabolic network is divided into pathways of chemical reactions, such that every pathway is a metabolic function. A simplified representation of metabolism, which we call an abstract metabolic network, is a graph in which metabolic pathways are nodes and there is an edge between two nodes if their corresponding pathways share one or more compounds. The abstract metabolic network of a given organism results in a small network that requires low computational power to be analysed and makes it a suitable model to perform a large-scale comparison of organisms’ metabolism. To explore the potentials and limits of such a basic representation, we considered a comprehensive set of KEGG organisms, represented through their abstract metabolic network. We performed pairwise comparisons using graph kernel methods and analyse the results through exploratory data analysis and machine learning techniques. The results show that abstract metabolic networks discriminate macro evolutionary events, indicating that they are expressive enough to capture key steps in metabolism evolution.
Establishment of the MGH Postpartum Psychosis Project: MGHP3
Authors: Cohen Lee S. , Vanderkruik Rachel , Arakelian Miranda , Church Taylor R. , Dunk Madison M. , Freeman Marlene P.
Published: February 2023

Objective

Postpartum psychosis (PP) is a severe psychiatric disorder, with incomplete consensus on definition and diagnostic criteria. The Massachusetts General Hospital Postpartum Psychosis Project (MGHP3) was established to better ascertain the phenomenology of PP in a large cohort of diverse women spanning a wide geographical range (primarily in the US), including time of onset, symptom patterns, and associated comorbidities, psychiatric diagnoses pre- and post- the episode of PP, and also to identify genomic and clinical predictors of PP. This report describes the methods of MGHP3 and provides a status update.

Method

Data are collected from women who experienced PP within 6 months of childbirth and who provided this information within ten years of the study interview. Subject data are gathered during a one-time structured clinical interview conducted by phone, which includes administration of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Psychotic Disorders Studies (Version 7.0.2), the MGHP3© Questionnaire, and other information including lifetime mental health history and use of psychiatric medications both prior to the episode of PP and during the subsequent time period prior to study interview. Subjects also provide a saliva sample to be processed for genomic analyses; a neuroimaging assessment is also conducted for a subset of participants.

Results

As of July 1, 2022, 311 subjects from 44 states and 7 countries were enrolled in MGHP3. Recruitment sources include social media, online advertisements, physician referral, community outreach, and partnership with PP advocacy groups.

Conclusions

The rigorous phenotyping, genetic sampling, and neuroimaging studies in this sample of women with histories of PP will contribute to better understanding of this serious illness. Findings from MGHP3 can catalyze ongoing discussions in the field regarding proper nosologic classification of PP as well as relevant treatment implications.
Immunostaining protocol for infiltrating brain cancer spheroids for light-sheet imaging
Authors: Bjørknes Benedicte , Neye Oliver Emil , Hamerlik Petra , Jauffred Liselotte
Published: February 2023

Glioblastoma tumors form in brains’ white matter and are fast-growing and aggressive. Poor prognosis is the result of therapeutic resistance and infiltrating growth into the surrounding brain. Here we present a protocol for the detection of the cytoskeleton intermediate filament, vimentin, in cells at the proliferating spheroid surface. By combining a classical invasion assay with immunofluorescence and light-sheet imaging, we find that it is exactly these cytoskeleton-reinforcing cells on the spheroid’s surface that will start the infiltration. We anticipate our results to be the starting point of more sophisticated investigation of anti-cancer drug effects on cytoskeleton reorganisation.
Airway management during ongoing chest compressions–direct vs. video laryngoscopy. A randomised manikin study
Authors: Steffen Richard , Hischier Simon , Roten Fredy-Michel , Huber Markus , Knapp Jürgen
Published: February 2023

Background

Tracheal intubation is used for advanced airway management during cardiac arrest, particularly when basic airway techniques cannot ensure adequate ventilation. However, minimizing interruptions of chest compressions is of high priority. Video laryngoscopy has been shown to improve the first-pass success rate for tracheal intubation in emergency airway management. We aimed to compare first-pass success rate and time to successful intubation during uninterrupted chest compression using video laryngoscopy and direct laryngoscopy.

Methods

A total of 28 anaesthetists and 28 anaesthesia nurses with varied clinical and anaesthesiological experience were recruited for the study. All participants performed a tracheal intubation on a manikin simulator during ongoing chest compressions by a mechanical resuscitation device. Stratified randomisation (physicians/nurses) was performed, with one group using direct laryngoscopy and the other using video laryngoscopy.

Results

First-pass success rate was 100% (95% CI: 87.9% - 100.0%) in the video laryngoscopy group and 67.8% (95% CI: 49.3% - 82.1%) in the direct laryngoscopy group [difference: 32.2% (95% CI: 17.8% - 50.8%), p<0.001]. The median time for intubation was 27.5 seconds (IQR: 21.8–31.0 seconds) in the video laryngoscopy group and 30.0 seconds (IQR: 26.5–36.5 seconds) in the direct laryngoscopy group (p = 0.019).

Conclusion

This manikin study on tracheal intubation during ongoing chest compressions demonstrates that video laryngoscopy had a higher first-pass success rate and shorter time to successful intubation compared to direct laryngoscopy. Experience in airway management and professional group were not significant predictors. A clinical randomized controlled trial appears worthwhile.
Traveler’s knowledge, attitude, and practice about travel health insurance: A community-based questionnaire study
Authors: Yang Chia-Jung , Lu Chia-Wen , Chiang Chien-Hsieh , Chang Hao-Hsiang , Yao Chien-An , Huang Kuo-Chin
Published: February 2023

Background

Travel, especially international travel, has become one of the most popular leisure activities in the world. The risk of accidents and travel-related illnesses, including infectious and non-communicable diseases, should not be neglected. To provide a more comprehensive pre-travel consultation to international travelers, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of travelers about travel health insurance.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study. Anonymous structured questionnaires were distributed to 1000 visitors to the Taiwan International Travel Fair in May 2019.

Results

The top three important travel health insurances were accidental death and disablement insurance (92%), accidental medical reimbursement (90.4%), and 24-hour emergency assistance (89%). In addition to education level, travel-associated illness, and special activities during travel, a significant association was observed between the willingness to buy various travel health insurances and the willingness of pre-travel consultation.

Conclusions

Most travelers would buy travel health insurance; however, disproportional respondents understood the content of travel health insurance. Most travelers considered travel clinics to be the most reliable information source regarding travel health insurance. Therefore, travel medicine specialists are encouraged to offer more information about travel health insurance during pre-travel consultation.
TFIID dependency of steady-state mRNA transcription altered epigenetically by simultaneous functional loss of Taf1 and Spt3 is Hsp104-dependent
Authors: Iwami Ryo , Takai Naoki , Matsutani Minenosuke , Shiwa Yuh , Kokubo Haruki , Kasahara Koji , Kokubo Tetsuro
Published: February 2023

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, class II gene promoters have been divided into two subclasses, TFIID- and SAGA-dominated promoters or TFIID-dependent and coactivator-redundant promoters, depending on the experimental methods used to measure mRNA levels. A prior study demonstrated that Spt3, a TBP-delivering subunit of SAGA, functionally regulates the PGK1 promoter via two mechanisms: by stimulating TATA box-dependent transcriptional activity and conferring Taf1/TFIID independence. However, only the former could be restored by plasmid-borne SPT3. In the present study, we sought to determine why ectopically expressed SPT3 is unable to restore Taf1/TFIID independence to the PGK1 promoter, identifying that this function was dependent on the construction protocol for the SPT3 taf1 strain. Specifically, simultaneous functional loss of Spt3 and Taf1 during strain construction was a prerequisite to render the PGK1 promoter Taf1/TFIID-dependent in this strain. Intriguingly, genetic approaches revealed that an as-yet unidentified trans-acting factor reprogrammed the transcriptional mode of the PGK1 promoter from the Taf1/TFIID-independent state to the Taf1/TFIID-dependent state. This factor was generated in the haploid SPT3 taf1 strain in an Hsp104-dependent manner and inherited meiotically in a non-Mendelian fashion. Furthermore, RNA-seq analyses demonstrated that this factor likely affects the transcription mode of not only the PGK1 promoter, but also of many other class II gene promoters. Collectively, these findings suggest that a prion or biomolecular condensate is generated in a Hsp104-dependent manner upon simultaneous functional loss of TFIID and SAGA, and could alter the roles of these transcription complexes on a wide variety of class II gene promoters without altering their primary sequences. Therefore, these findings could provide the first evidence that TFIID dependence of class II gene transcription can be altered epigenetically, at least in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Two oxytocin analogs, N-(p-fluorobenzyl) glycine and N-(3-hydroxypropyl) glycine, induce uterine contractions ex vivo in ways that differ from that of oxytocin
Authors: Cherepanov Stanislav M. , Yuhi Teruko , Iizuka Takashi , Hosono Takashi , Ono Masanori , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Yokoyama Shigeru , Shuto Satoshi , Higashida Haruhiro
Published: February 2023

Contraction of the uterus is critical for parturient processes. Insufficient uterine tone, resulting in atony, can potentiate postpartum hemorrhage; thus, it is a major risk factor and is the main cause of maternity-related deaths worldwide. Oxytocin (OT) is recommended for use in combination with other uterotonics for cases of refractory uterine atony. However, as the effect of OT dose on uterine contraction and control of blood loss during cesarean delivery for labor arrest are highly associated with side effects, small amounts of uterotonics may be used to elicit rapid and superior uterine contraction. We have previously synthesized OT analogs 2 and 5, prolines at the 7th positions of which were replaced with N-(p-fluorobenzyl) glycine [thus, compound 2 is now called fluorobenzyl (FBOT)] or N-(3-hydroxypropyl) glycine [compound 5 is now called hydroxypropyl (HPOT)], which exhibited highly potent binding affinities for human OT receptors in vitro. In this study, we measured the ex vivo effects of FBOT and HPOT on contractions of uteri isolated from human cesarean delivery samples and virgin female mice. We evaluated the potency and efficacy of the analogs on uterine contraction, additivity with OT, and the ability to overcome the effects of atosiban, an OT antagonist. In human samples, the potency rank judged by the calculated EC50 (pM) was as follows: HPOT (189) > FBOT (556) > OT (5,340) > carbetocin (12,090). The calculated Emax was 86% for FBOT and 75% for HPOT (100%). Recovery from atosiban inhibition after HPOT treatment was as potent as that after OT treatment. HPOT showed additivity with OT. FBOT (56 pM) was found to be the strongest agonist in virgin mouse uterus. HPOT and FBOT demonstrated high potency and partial agonist efficacy in the human uterus. These results suggested that HPOT and FBOT are highly uterotonic for the human uterus and performed better than OT, indicating that they may prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
Study on recognition of coal and gangue based on multimode feature and image fusion
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Han Liguo , Zhang Haining , Liu Zifeng , Gao Feng , Yang Shijie , Wang Yadong
Published: February 2023

Aiming at the problems of low accuracy of coal gangue recognition and difficult recognition of mixed gangue rate, a coal rock recognition method based on modal fusion of RGB and infrared is proposed. A fully mechanized coal gangue transportation test bed is built, RGB images are obtained by camera, and infrared images are obtained by industrial microwave heating system and infrared thermal imager. the image data of the whole coal, whole gangue, and coal gangue with different gangue mixing as training and test samples, identify the released coal gangue and its mixing rate. The AlexNet, VGG-16, ResNet-18 classification networks and their convolutional neural networks with modal feature fusion are constructed. results: The classification accuracy of ResNet networks on RGB and infrared image data is higher than AlexNet and VGG-16 networks. The early convergence network performance of ResNet is verified through the convergence of different models. The recognition rate of the network is 97.92 the confusion matrix statistics, which verifies the feasibility of the application of modal fusion method in the field of coal gangue recognition. The fusion of modal features and early models of ResNet coal gangue, which is the basic premise for realizing intelligent coal caving.
Suppression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2, a host receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, using 5-aminolevulinic acid in vitro
Authors: Nara Eriko , Lai Hung Wei , Imazato Hideo , Ishizuka Masahiro , Nakajima Motowo , Ogura Shun-Ichiro
Published: February 2023

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), an entry receptor found on the surface of host cells, is believed to be detrimental to the infectious capability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Scientists have been working on finding a cure since its outbreak with limited success. In this study, we evaluated the potential of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (ALA) in suppressing ACE2 expression of host cells. ACE2 expression and the production of intracellular porphyrins following ALA administration were carried out. We observed the reduction of ACE2 expression and intracellular porphyrins following ALA administration. ALA suppressed the ACE2 expression in host cells which might prevent binding of SARS-CoV-2 to host cells. Co-administration of ALA and sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) resulted in a further decrease in ACE2 expression and increase in intracellular heme level. This suggests that the suppression of ACE2 expression by ALA might occur through heme production. We found that the inhibition of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which is involved in heme degradation, also resulted in decrease in ACE2 expression, suggesting a potential role of HO-1 in suppressing ACE2 as well. In conclusion, we speculate that ALA, together with SFC administration, might serve as a potential therapeutic approach in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infectivity through suppression of ACE2 expression.
Processing spatial configurations in visuospatial working memory is influenced by shifts of overt visual attention
Authors: Timm J. David , Papenmeier Frank
Published: February 2023

When memorizing multiple objects, humans process them in relation to each other, proposing a configuration benefit. Shifts in overt visual attention through eye movements might influence the processing of spatial configurations. Whereas some research suggests that overt visual attention aids the processing of spatial representations, other research suggests a snapshot-like processing of spatial configurations, thus likely not relying on eye movements. In the first experiment, we focused on the comparison between an enforced fixation and a free view condition regarding configurational effects. Participants encoded objects’ locations and were asked for changes at retrieval. One object was displaced in half of the trials and was either accompanied by a configuration or was displayed alone. In the second experiment, we expanded this idea by enforcing fixation during different task phases, namely encoding, maintenance and retrieval. We investigated if a fixed gaze during one specific phase drives the influence of eye movements when processing spatial configurations. We observed reliable configuration benefits for the free view conditions. Whereas a fixed gaze throughout the whole trial reduced the effect, enforced fixations during the task phases did not break the configuration benefit. Our findings suggest that whereas the processing of spatial configurations in memory is supported by the ability of performing shifts of overt visual attention, configurational processing does not rely on these shifts occurring throughout the task. Our results indicate a reciprocal relationship of visuospatial working memory and eye movements.
Associated factors of safe child feces disposal in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from recent demographic and health surveys of 34 sub-Saharan countries
Authors: Demissie Getu Debalkie , Zerihun Muluken Fekadie , Ekubagewargies Daniale Tekelia , Yeshaw Yigizie , Jemere Tadeg , Misganaw Bisrat , Tariku Amare , Atnafu Asmamaw
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Children’s feces are thought to pose a greater public health risk than those of adults’ due to higher concentrations of pathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the associated factors of safe child feces disposal among children under two years of age in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods

The most recent demographic and health survey datasets of 34 sub-Saharan countries were used. A total weighted sample of 78, 151 mothers/caregivers of under two children were included in the study. Both bivariable and multivariable multilevel logistic regression were done. The Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was calculated for each independent variables included in the model.

Results

Those mothers/caregivers from urban residence (AOR = 1.42; CI: 1.36, 1.48), mothers with primary education (AOR = 1.49; CI: 1.44, 1.56), richer (AOR = 1.78; CI: 1.69, 1.88) and richest wealth quintiles (AOR = 2.17; CI: 2.01, 2.31), family size <5 (AOR = 1.06; CI: 1.02–1.09), access to improved water source (AOR = 1.29; CI: 1.25, 1.34), mothers who owned toilet (AOR = 3.09; 2.99–3.19) and who had media exposure (AOR = 1.19; CI: 1.15, 1.24) had higher odds of practicing safe child feces disposal than their counter parts. However, mothers/care givers who are not currently working (AOR = 0.83; CI: 0.80, 0.86), higher education (AOR = 0.85; CI: 0.76–0.94) and from Western region of Africa (AOR = 0.82; CI: 0.79–0.86) had reduced chance of safe child feces disposal as compared to their counter parts.

Conclusion

Residence, mothers’ level of education, wealth index, water source, toilet ownership and media exposure were factors associated with safe child feces disposal. It is advisable to implement health promotion and behavioral change intervention measures especially for those women /caregivers from rural residence, poor economic status, who cannot access improved water and for those with no media exposure to improve the practice of safe child feces disposal.
Power fingerprint identification based on the improved V-I trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet
Authors: Lin Lin , Zhang Jie , Gao Xu , Shi Jiancheng , Chen Cheng , Huang Nantian
Published: February 2023

In power fingerprint identification, feature information is insufficient when using a single feature to identify equipment, and small load data of specific customers, difficult to meet the refined equipment classification needs. A power fingerprint identification based on the improved voltage-current(V-I) trajectory with color encoding and transferred CBAM-ResNet34 is proposed. First, the current, instantaneous power, and trajectory momentum information are added to the original V-I trajectory image using color coding to obtain a color V-I trajectory image. Then, the ResNet34 model was pre-trained using the ImageNet dataset and a new fully-connected layer meeting the device classification goal was used to replace the fully-connected layer of ResNet34. The Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) was added to each residual structure module of ResNet34. Finally, Class-Balanced (CB) loss is introduced to reweight the Softmax cross-entropy (SM-CE) loss function to solve the problem of data imbalance in V-I trajectory identification. All parameters are retrained to extract features from the color V-I trajectory images for device classification. The experimental results on the imbalanced PLAID dataset verify that the method in this paper has better classification capability in small sample imbalanced datasets. The experimental results show that the method effectively improves the identification accuracy by 4.4% and reduces the training time of the model by 14 minutes compared with the existing methods, which meets the accuracy requirements of fine-grained power fingerprint identification.
Mediation of the association between multi-morbidity and sleep problems by pain and depressive symptoms among older adults: Evidence from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India, wave- 1
Authors: Muhammad T. , Meher Trupti , Siddiqui Laeek Ahemad
Published: February 2023

Background

There could be several possible mechanisms on how chronic conditions relate to sleep problems in older persons; for instance, pain and sleep have a strong link and depressive symptoms are similarly associated with sleep problems. The present study explored whether pain and depressive symptoms are mediators in the relationship between multi-morbidity and sleep problems among older adults.

Methods

Study utilized data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) with a sample of 31,464 older adults age 60 years and above. Multivariable logistic regression along with mediation analysis using Karlson–Holm–Breen (KHB) method was conducted.

Results

A proportion of 14.8% of the participants suffered from sleep problems, whereas, 22.5% and 8.7% of older adults had multi-morbidity and had depressive symptoms, respectively. Also, around 10.3% of older adults reported pain and received no medication for the relief of pain, whereas 29.3% of older adults reported pain and received some type of medication for the relief of pain. Older adults with multi-morbidity had higher odds of suffering from sleep problems [adjusted odds ratio (aOR):1.26, confidence interval (CI):1.10–1.45] than those who had no multi-morbidity. Older adults who reported pain but received no medication for the relief of pain [aOR: 1.90, CI: 1.64–2.22] or reported pain and received medication for the relief of pain [aOR: 1.82, CI:1.62–2.04] and those who had depressive symptoms [aOR: 2.21, CI:1.89–2.57%] had higher odds of suffering from sleep problems compared to those who did not report pain and had no depressive symptoms, respectively. Around 11.2% of the association of multi-morbidity with sleep problems was mediated by pain and 4.3% of such association was mediated by depressive symptoms.

Conclusion

Pain and depressive symptoms were found to mediate the association between multi-morbidity and sleep problems; therefore, reducing pain and depressive symptoms may be considered to improve sleep in older multi-morbid patients.
Healthcare-seeking behavior for children aged 0–59 months: Evidence from 2002–2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Khasanah Uswatun , Efendi Ferry , Has Eka Mishbahatul M. , Adnani Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah , Ramadhan Kadar , Arna Yessy Dessy , Almutairi Wedad M.
Published: February 2023

Background and objective

Healthcare-seeking behavior for children is crucial for reducing disease severity. Such behavior can improve child health outcomes and prevent child morbidity and mortality. The present study sought to analyze the determinants of mothers’ engagement in healthcare-seeking behavior for children with common childhood diseases, focusing on mothers of children aged 0–59 months in Indonesia.

Methods

This cross-sectional study comprised a secondary data analysis using the 2002–2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) databases. We included all women surveyed aged 15–49 years old who had children under five years of age. We weighted the univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analysis of healthcare-seeking behavior for children aged 0–59 months.

Results

We analyzed data for 24,529 women whose children were under five years of age at the time of survey. Common diseases, such as diarrhea, fever, and acute respiratory infection (ARI) were the most frequently cited reasons for healthcare-seeking behavior. During 2002–2017, the proportion of mothers seeking healthcare for their children with diarrhea increased from 67.70% to 69.88%, that with fever increased from 61.48% to 71.64% and that ARI increased from 64.01% to 76.75%. Multivariate analysis revealed that child’s age, child’s birth order, mother’s education, ability to meet expenses, distance to nearest healthcare facility, wealth index, place of residence, and region of residence, were significantly associated with healthcare-seeking behavior.

Conclusion

Various individual and environmental-level factors influence healthcare-seeking behavior for childhood diseases. Available, accessible, and affordable health service facilities are recommended to assist socio-economically and geographically disadvantaged families.
Development and validation of a clinical score for identifying patients with high risk of latent autoimmune adult diabetes (LADA): The LADA primary care-protocol study
Authors: Vich-Pérez Pilar , Abánades-Herranz Juan Carlos , Mora-Navarro Gustavo , Carrasco-Sayalero Ángela María , Salinero-Fort Miguel Ángel , Sevilla-Machuca Ignacio , Sanz-Pascual Mar , Álvarez Hernández-Cañizares Cristina , de Burgos-Lunar Carmen ,   LADA-PC Research Consortium
Published: February 2023

Background

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a type of diabetes mellitus showing overlapping characteristics between type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and autoimmunity against insulin-producing pancreatic cells. For its diagnosis, at least one type of anti-pancreatic islet antibody (GADAb is the most common) is required. Many authors recommend performing this measure in all newly diagnosed patients with DM, but it is not possible in Primary Health Care (PHC) due to its high cost.

Currently, a relevant proportion of patients diagnosed as T2DM could be LADA. Confusing LADA with T2DM has clinical and safety implications, given its different therapeutic approach.

The main objective of the study is to develop and validate a clinical score for identifying adult patients with DM at high risk of LADA in PHC.

Methods

This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in Primary Care Health Centers with a centralized laboratory. All people over 30 years of age diagnosed with diabetes within a minimum of 6 months and a maximum of 4 years before the start of the study will be recruited. Individuals will be recruited by consecutive sampling. The study variables will be obtained through clinical interviews, physical examinations, and electronic medical records. The following variables will be recorded: those related to Diabetes Mellitus, sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle habits, laboratory parameters, presence of comorbidities, additional treatments, personal or family autoimmune disorders, self-perceived health status, Fourlanos criteria, and LADA diagnosis (as main variable) according to current criteria.

Discussion

The study will provide an effective method for identifying patients at increased risk of LADA and, therefore, candidates for antibody testing. However, a slight participation bias is to be expected. Differences between participants and non-participants will be studied to quantify this potential bias.
Eine kurze Geschichte der somatischen Praktiken und des Tanzes: Die historische Entwicklung des Feldes Somatic Education1 und seine Beziehung zum Tanz
Authors: Eddy Martha , Eger Übersetzung: Nana , Schlüssel Elisabeth
Published: February 2023

Dieser Artikel skizziert die historische Entwicklung somatischer Bewegungspraktiken mit Blick auf Tanz, Tänzer:innen und Tanzausbildungsorganisationen. Zunächst werden historische Ereignisse, kulturelle Trends und individuelle Begebenheiten dargestellt, die zur Entstehung der ‘klassischen’ somatischen Methoden um die Jahrhundertwende führten (Alexander bis Trager). Anschließend wird ‘somatische Bewegungserziehung und -therapie’ definiert und die Entstehung von drei Generationen somatischer Bewegungsansätze beschrieben. Die Interviewdaten zeigen, dass bei der Entwicklung der zweiten Generation dieser somatischen Ansätze viele Tänzer:innen beteiligt waren und das ‘body-mind-thinking’ von Tanzexpert:innen weiterhin die Ausbildung und Entwicklung von Somatic Education sowie der Dance Somatics prägt. Schließlich wird die Frage nach der Marginalisierung von sowohl Tanz als auch Somatic Education aufgeworfen und aufgrund der gemeinsamen Merkmale die Bündelung der Kräfte angeregt, um den Stellenwert dieser in der westlichen Kultur zu verändern. Darüber hinaus wird das Potential und die Bedeutung von Somatic Dance in den globalen Kontext eingeordnet.
Machine Learning Based Hand Gesture Recognition via EMG Data
Authors: Karapinar Senturk Zehra , Bakay Melahat Sevgul
Published: February 2023

Electromyography (EMG) data gives information about the electrical activity related to muscles. EMG data obtained from arm through sensors helps to understand hand gestures. For this work, hand gesture data were taken from UCI2019 EMG dataset obtained from MYO thalmic armband were classied with six dierent machine learning algorithms. Articial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT) and Random Forest (RF) methods were preferred for comparison based on several performance metrics which are accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specicity, classication error, kappa, root mean squared error (RMSE) and correlation. The data belongs to seven hand gestures. 700 samples from 7 classes (100 samples per group) were used in the experiments. The splitting ratio in the classication was 0.8-0.2, i.e. 80% of the samples were used in training and 20% of data were used in testing phase of the classier. NB was found to be the best among other methods because of high accuracy (96.43%) and sensitivity (96.43%) and the lowest RMSE (0.189). Considering the results of the performance parameters, it can be said that this study recognizes and classies seven hand gestures successfully in comparison with the literature.
Factors Affecting Depression in People Aged over 50 Living in One-person and Multi-person Households during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of the 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Miyoung , Lee Mikyoung
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting depression in over 50 years one-and multi-person households during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data analyzed were taken from the second year of the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2020). Of the 3,465 survey respondents aged over 50,600 lived in a one-person household and 2,865 in a multi-person household. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 24.0 software, and a multiple-sample analysis was conducted as well. According to the obtained results, the factors affecting in the respondents in both types of households were career, subjective health status, subjective stress level, activity restriction and Unmet medical needs; the factors affecting depression in the respondents in a single-person household were homeownership, subjective body image, hospitalization experience, and eating-out frequency. Thus, it is necessary to identify the degree of depression in over 50 in year one-person households during the pandemic, and it is recommended that interventions for alleviating it be customized for each group.
Korean Scientific-Technical National Sovereignty Strategy in the Hegemonic War between the U.S. and China
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Kwan Sig
Published: February 2023

After end of cold war between U.S and Soviet Union, hegemony of the U.S. has been consisted about 50 years. This situation has been changed rapidly after china’s opening and reformation. China has begun to have strong power in areas of the economics, politics, deplomacy, international trade, international monetary and finance, military and so on. This China’s arise has caused to collide with the U.S. hegemony. This war has been in progress in the most advanced scientific-technical areas including ICT, A.I, Bio, Semi-conduct, Atomic, 5G, Space technology. Because Korea is situated at hegemonic war between the U.S. and China geopolitically and geoeconomically, Korea is in a crisis to have to consider its’ national existence, quality of people life and perrmanence of next generations. Best strategy to overcome this crisis is to create national wealhty and power. To achieve these goals it’s crucial to create, develope the most advanced scientific-technology that any nations or enterprises could not follow or immitate.
Should We Provide More Economic Aid to Recipient Countries in Crisis?: Focusing on the Effectiveness of Financial Aid
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Eun Mi
Published: February 2023

This study analyzed the impact of bilateral aid among official development aid on recipient countries. The significance is that the effect of aid was investigated in a complex manner by dividing the perspective of economic growth measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita and quality of life measured by the Human Development Index(HDI). In addition, limited empirical analysis by continent or country in previous studies was expanded to cover all recipient countries. Official Development Assistance (ODA) data from 2005 to 2019 were collected. A data sample of bilateral aid from 60 countries was constructed from the official development aid data from 88 recipient countries. According to the Fixed-Effect (FE) and Random-Effect (RE) model estimation coefficient, the donor’s continued support was a statistically significant variable. This study concluded that the donor country’s continuous aid is important, but the recipient country’s political and administrative capabilities are also important factors in improving people’s economic quality of life.
Effectiveness Assessment of River Hazard Mitigation Project Using Statistical Approach
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Tae Hyun , Lee Sungsu
Published: February 2023

To prevent and prepare for natural disasters, the government is implementing Hazard Mitigation Projects(H.M.P) for Natural Disaster Risk Reduction Districts. This study is to develop a water level prediction model(W.L.P.M) using multiple linear regression analysis based on the measurement data of rainfall and water level to evaluate the effect of the H.M.P on the prevention of river disasters. For this, a point where the effect of the H.M.P in the Mihocheon Basin can be reviewed was selected, and the time scale of the independent variable was determined through autocorrelation analysis. The regression coefficient for each model was calculated using the stepwise selection method, and the highest-accuracy W.L.P.M was selected using statistical indicators. To evaluate the effect of the H.M.P by comparing the water level prediction results using the W.L.P.M and the actual water level in the rainfall events that occurred after the H.M.P was implemented. After the H.M.P was implemented, the water level increased compared to the W.L.P.M, and the water level before and after the peak flow also decreased. Based on the results of this study, it is judged that the W.L.P.M can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of H.M.
A Study on the Efficient Operation of Special Firefighting Team for Forest Fires
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Ryu Juyeol , Kim Sung Yong , Seo Kyung Won , Kwon Chun Geun
Published: February 2023

As the wildfires around the world has increased and the number of wildfires occurring outside of the wildfire period has increased, they are becoming more common throughout the year. In Korea, a total of 618 wildfires occurred during the first half of 2022, of which 11 were large-scale wildfires, which increased the risk of forest fires. In this study, the Korea forest firefighting was reviewed, problems were sought based on the case of the U. S. The U. S. Forest Firefighter divides its work into five areas by subdividing and specializing it, and the suppresion capability and strategic system to prepare for the next season. However, unlike the special purpose of the establishment, the Korea forest firefighter is operated inefficiently because it is put into general forest management(disease and insect control, etc.) forest fire off-season. In order to improve these problems, it is necessary not only to the treatment improvement of firefighters, but also to segment and specialize the work, and to prepare a system by various education and training at the national level.
Practicalities of Flash-monitoring systems utilization in the questionnaire survey of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Rimskaya A. M. , Krasnovidova A. E. , Vitebskaya A. V.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are recommended to perform self-control 6–10 times a day to maintain optimal blood glucose levels. Currently, there are various devices, such as glucometers, systems for continuous blood glucose monitoring and flash monitoring (FMS). In real clinical practice patients can combine the use of various devices and face with problems of their exploitation.

AIM: To investigate the peculiarities of FMS utilization by children and adolescents with T1DM using questionnaire survey.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 06.2020 till 05.2021, a survey of patients with T1DM was conducted as part of a single-center, observational, one-stage, uncontrolled study. The questionnaire contained questions regarding the number of measurements, circumstances and adverse reactions when using the devices.

RESULTS: We questioned 80 patients (47 girls and 33 boys) aged 11.7 (9.0; 14.0) years with DM1 for 4.9 (2.0; 7.0) years, HbA1c level 8.2 (6.8; 9.0)) which were in pediatric endocrinology department of the University Children’s Clinical Hospital.

The majority of patients (86.3%) scan the sensor more than 10 times a day; 25% of FMS-users measure blood glucose with glucometer not every day.

The majority of patients (51,3%) prefer to use FMS instead of glucometer in all circumstances. Patients face with errors using FMS more often than using glucometers — OR 3.4 (95% CI 1.7–6.8). Non-significant reaction to adhesive material disturbed 50.0% participants; one patient (1.3%) had to refuse FMS due to allergic reaction.

Among possible reasons to refuse FMS patients often name error, skin sealing, high price, inflammation, inconvenience to wear a device.

Additional measures for fixing FMS device are always used by 36,3% of patients, sometimes — 18,8%, in some situations (going in for sports, swimming, travelling, in case of unsticking at the end of term) — 15,0%.

CONCLUSION: Quarter of FMS users double-check glycaemia values rarer than recommended. Patients face with error using FMS more often than using glucometer. Local reaction to adhesive material does not influence FMS utilization. The majority of patients use additional measures for fixing FMS devices.
Management of diabetes during Ramadan: an update for Russian-speaking doctors
Authors: El-Taravi Y.A. , Baimukhambetova D. V. , Gorlenko C. L. , Kiseljow H. Yu. , Kokhanovskaia I. Iu. , Burotina A. I. , Rassadina E. S. , Martirosian N. S. , Petunina N. A.
Published: February 2023

Fasting during the Islamic Ramadan month is one of the five obligatory pillars for each adult, healthy, and sane Muslim. People with severe illnesses, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are exempt from fasting. However, many Muslims often insist on Ramadan participating despite any medical advises. It’s known that Muslims are the second largest religious group in Russia; thus, its crucial to have as much modern recommendation for management patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus as possible. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate physiological and pathophysiological metabolism changing during holy Ramadan month, to clarify the management of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus during Ramadan, to determine the frequency of glucose measuring during the day, and to understand when its time to interrupt the fasting. Moreover, we discuss specific recommendations in glucose-lowering therapy changing, nutrition, physical activities and education.
The Role of Mobile Payment Apps in Inclusive Financial Growth
Authors: Neelam K , Bhattacharya Sonali
Published: February 2023

In the age of technology, the usage of mobile payment apps is playing a significant role in financially strengthening urban areas. This research aiming to identify the enablers affecting the use of mobile technology by the urban poor households in Pune, Maharashtra, India and to identify the user behaviour in technology adaptation. The published literature was thoroughly reviewed with respect to mobile payment, financial technology, and financial inclusion. The data has been collected through a field survey. Simultaneously, a structural equation model is developed using Amos software and Spss is used to perform factor analysis. The theoretical framework is based on the Unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology (UTAUT-2) Model. The enablers are Performance Expectancy (PE), Economic Benefit (EB), Convenience, Technical conditions (TC), Hedonic motivation (HM), and Behavioural intention (BI), Social influence (SI) are impacting the use of mobile apps related to finance under the mediating effect of behavioral intention, thereby supporting financial inclusion. Gender, education, occupation, and income are the control variables. Men are more frequent users of mobile payment apps. This study is unique in the context of urban poor households regarding the use of m-payment app and to understand their behavior and actual usage pattern. The current study also has some implications for the banking and mobile technology industry. They may start new strategies for mobile industries and certain factors such as security, convenience, and technical conditions can influence customer intention of using m-payment apps; hence, it needs proper consideration. Simultaneously, banks and technology industries must verify their privacy norms and make it easy for customers to use technology.
Understanding the Association Between Constructive Nonconformity and Innovative Work Behavior: an Employee Perspective
Authors: Lawande Naval
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Organizations have evolved to be entities that focus primarily on efficient systems and procedures. This approach was followed by devising techniques or methodologies for employees to conform to these systems or processes. The employee orientation has often been to conform to the status quo rather than to challenge it. Most of the managers believe that cohesion at workplace can be achieved through alignment of behaviors at the workplace. Contrary to this belief, Henry Mintzberg explains, that innovative organizations need to be flexible, reject bureaucracy and most importantly; avoid emphasis on control mechanisms. Hence, the perennial relationship between nonconformance and innovative work behavior is at question here. Also, the ninth Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 9) is fostering innovation. This paper attempts to understand and decipher this relationship between constructive nonconformity (CNC) and innovative work behavior (IWB). Methodology/Approach: Primary data was collected using standardized questionnaire(s) that have been tested in varied contexts. The research question was framed as ‘Does constructive nonconformity influence innovative work behavior?’ The study is based on a survey data conducted on over 459 knowledge workers from an ITES firm in Pune. Findings: The findings indicate that characteristics depicted by constructive nonconformists tend to showcase innovative work behavior. If a constructive nonconformist is allowed to thrive in any work environment, then the goal of innovative work behavior can definitely be achieved. Practical Implications: The paper could have profound implications on managerial decision making, especially in the ITES (Information Technology Enabled Services) sector. The sample is from a single sector, i.e., ITES in India. Future research would benefit from examining the above relationships in other sectors. Hence, the scope for future research in this area is enormous, both contextually and conceptually.