bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study between hysteroscopic findings and histopathology in cases of post-menopausal bleeding patients
Authors: Pati Ipsita Priyadarshini
Published: February 2025

Background: Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is most common cause of gynecological visits. All with unexpected uterine bleeding should be evaluated for endometrial carcinoma. Although most cases in developing countries is due to atrophy. Aim of the study was to evaluate endometrial causes of postmenopausal bleeding with its correlation with hysteroscopy findings and endometrial tissue histopathology.
Methods: A total 74 consecutive cases of PMB over a period of 1½ year fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria and giving informed consent were selected. Each patient was subjected to transvaginal sonography (TVS) for assessment of uterus, adnexa and endometrial thickness. Then they were scheduled for hysteroscopy and dilation and curettage. Endometrial sample was sent for histopathological examination (HPE).
Results: In our study, 48.65% of patients with postmenopausal bleeding where in age group menopause is 51-55 years. The TVS, hysteroscopy and histopathological findings were correlated in this study. On HPE 43.24% showed atrophic endometrium out of which maximum 93.93% were identified in hysteroscopy.
Conclusions: In women with PMB, hysteroscopy is the basic tool that allows precise diagnosis of various endouterine pathologies. The average sensitivity of hysteroscopy was 98% in our study and the specificity was 96.4%. Hence, we can conclude that it is highly accurate for evaluating endometrial pathologies.
Impact of personalized embryo transfer based on endometrial receptivity assay on pregnancy outcomes in women with recurrent implantation failure: a retrospective study
Authors: Yarasi Padmalatha , Rajesh Rekha , Jain Meenakshi , Desireddy Sahithya , Pattubala Indhumathi , Yemme Preetam R. , Rajesh Varshikha , Rajesh Varnikha
Published: February 2025

Background: Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) poses a persistent challenge in assisted reproductive technology (ART), characterized by the repeated inability to achieve pregnancy following multiple embryo transfers. This retrospective study aimed to assess the impact of personalized embryo transfer (PET) guided by the endometrial receptivity assay (ERA) on pregnancy outcomes in couples experiencing RIF.
Methods: The study included couples who had undergone two or more failed ICSI cycles despite transferring grade A blastocyst. Endometrial biopsies were obtained during standard HRT cycles and analyzed using the ERA, a genomic diagnostic tool that evaluates the transcriptomic signature of the endometrium to pinpoint the window of implantation (WOI). Subsequent PET cycles were tailored based on ERA results, categorizing patients into receptive, pre-receptive, or post-receptive phases.
Results: Our findings revealed that 69.81% of patients were receptive, while 22.64% were pre-receptive and 7.55% were post-receptive. Following ERA-guided PET, 93.94% of patients achieved pregnancy, with a live birth rate of 80.65%. These results underscore the potential of this personalized approach to enhance ART success in challenging cases of RIF.
Conclusions: These results contribute to advancing personalized medicine in reproductive health, emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment strategies based on the precise assessment of endometrial receptivity.
Treatment for asymptomatic vaginal candidiasis to reduce preterm birth: a systematic review
Authors: Abdel-Fattah Hanah , Aljuwaiser Sameera , Monro Carol , Mostafa Alyaa
Published: February 2025

Vaginal candidiasis, a prevalent fungal infection in women caused by the overgrowth of Candida species, primarily Candida albicans, often triggers a hyperimmune response. While it is rarely life-threatening, it can be uncomfortable, posing risks to both pregnant mothers and their unborn children, thus affecting quality of life. This systematic review aimed to determine whether treating asymptomatic vaginal candidiasis during pregnancy reduces the incidence of preterm birth. Literature search was conducted across four electronic databases finds randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the treatment of vaginal candidiasis (clotrimazole) with usual care (no-treatment). The search was updated in August 2024, with no language restrictions. Participants were pregnant women between 12 and 20 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome measured was the rate of preterm birth, while secondary outcomes included adverse pregnancy events such as premature rupture of membranes, perinatal death, low birth weight, and stillbirth. Data analysis utilized review manager (RevMan) software. Three RCTs involving 3,868 pregnant women were included, with 1,942 in the clotrimazole group and 1,926 in the usual care group. The primary outcome revealed spontaneous preterm birth rates of 2% in the treatment group compared to 6.3% in the usual care group. Meta-analysis indicated a statistically significant effect favouring treatment, with a pooled effect size of -0.05 (95% CI -0.09, -0.01). Treating asymptomatic candidiasis in early pregnancy appears to reduce preterm birth risk. However, results should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited number of studies. Further well-designed trials are needed to optimise treatment strategies and assess their impact on neonatal outcomes.
Placenta previa: maternal and fetal outcome in a tertiary care institute
Authors: Pravallika Bammidi Padma , Rao Bhushan , Kakariya Bhavna , Chaudhari Ashish
Published: February 2025

Placenta previa (PP) is a serious health disorder, which leads to higher level of foetal-maternal morbidity and mortality. In this study, we evaluated maternal and fetal outcome due to PP in tertiary care institute. This research was a prospective and observational study. Among 8311 numbers of deliveries, 96 patients were presented PP admitted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri Bhausaheb Hire Government Medical College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India. The study period was June 2021 to May 2022. All patients were informed and taken written informed consents. After the clinical assessment, the diagnosis was confirmed for PP. The parameters viz. age, parity, GA, previous delivery, PV bleeding, PP types, mode of delivery, intraoperative interventions, morbidity and mortality of mothers and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Our study found PP rate of about 1.15% and the prevalent age group was maximum 25-29 years. Maximum mothers were multigravida and GA was maximum>37 weeks recorded. 19 babies were observed early neonatal death. More the prevalence of PP lead to high resources utilization and risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. PP prevention can be achieved by better spacing in between pregnancies, antenatal registration of all pregnant women, routine check-up, routine use of USG in pregnancy and early referral of high-risk pregnant women to tertiary care centres.
A twist in the tale: a rare case report of asymptomatic uterine torsion in a term pregnant woman
Authors: Dev Sushma V. , Vijay Shilpa N. , Bhat Mythri R.
Published: February 2025

An abnormal rotation of the uterus along its fixed longitudinal or vertical axis by a margin greater than 45 degrees is known as uterine torsion. Prenatal diagnosis is challenging, and it has multiple surgical and post-operative consequences that increase maternal and perinatal morbidity. A 33-year-old G2P1L1 with 38 weeks gestation, came with complaints of labor pains since, 2 hours was admitted in Cheluvamba Hospital, Dept of OBG, MMCRI on 7th January 2024. She was a booked case and her antenatal period was uneventful. She was taken to Emergency LSCS as she was Previous LSCS in labor. At surgery, the uterine surface was found to be covered with dilated tortuous vessels but the diagnosis of uterine torsion was unable to be made until extraction of the baby and exteriorisation of the uterus. Posterior wall uterine incision over the lower segment was performed as the uterus had rotated by 180° around its cervical junction. No uterine anomalies or fibroids were seen. Both the mother and the neonate were in good condition post operatively and were discharged from hospital 72 hours later. The degree of rotation and the stage of pregnancy determine the mother's prognosis in cases of uterine torsion. The period between 20 and 28 weeks of gestation is when the highest mortality rates occur (17%), and these rates decline with increasing gestational age. A 36% fatality rate has typically been associated with torsion of 180 to 360°. Both gestational age and the degree of torsion have an equal bearing on the fetal outcome. 71% of cases with torsion of 180 to 360° resulted in fetal death. When uterine torsion occurs unexpectedly, posterior uterine incision is a viable and time-saving procedure. A safe obstetric result is ensured by exteriorization, uterine detorsion, and careful examination of surrounding structures for injuries.
A call for reminder before it’s too late atypical endometrial hyperplasia and concurrent cancer in reproductive age women
Authors: Rajanbabu Aksshaya Mannar , Ammulu Srinivasan , Natrajan Vinoth , Tirupathi Kalaivani
Published: February 2025

Endometrial hyperplasia is a hyper proliferation of endometrial cells predominantly of stromal glandular components under estrogen influence. This is a premalignant lesion which concomitant with endometrial carcinoma in 40% of cases. Major risk factors are estrogen predominant states such as nulliparity, early menarche, late menopause, obesity, infertility, polycystic ovarian syndromes, estrogen producing tumours. Prolonged use of COCs, tamoxifen also plays a role in endometrial hyperplasia leading to concurrent endometrial carcinoma in reproductive age women. Pointing towards pathology endometrial carcinoma diagnosed at an earlier age are mostly of low grades with lower stage and good clinical outcomes. With this review we emphasize the need of endometrial sampling or fractional curettage in all young women with altered menstrual flow with suspicious of increased endometrial thickening before starting any medications.
Successful pregnancy and delivery in a rare case of pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Marging Yapi , Sharma Nalini , Verma Shikha , S. Singh Ahanthem
Published: February 2025

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare autoimmune bullous dermatosis characterized by flaccid blisters and extensive erosions on the skin and mucous membranes. While in the active stage of PV lesions, it is reported to be linked to infertility, and its presence during pregnancy is exceedingly rare. Pregnancies complicated by pemphigus vulgaris often result in adverse obstetrical outcomes, including prematurity, neonatal skin lesions, and even fetal demise. Our patient, a chronic pemphigus vulgaris case, was being treated with rituximab, a pregnancy category C drug. Later upon conceiving, her medication was switched to oral steroids, which were later changed to intravenous steroids due to a flare-up in the third trimester. Her elective lower segment caesarean section was done with delivery of a female baby weighing 2.6 kg with APGAR scores of 8 and 9 at one minute and five minutes respectively, without any apparent skin lesions. During the postpartum period, her skin lesions resolved completely by the time of her routine postnatal follow-up.
Primary extragastrointestinal stromal tumor of greater omentum misdiagnosed as an adnexal tumor: a case report
Authors: Jaafar Wissal , Medemagh Malek , Godcha Samar , Chiba Yasmine , B. Fekih Ichrak , Mhiri Karima , Khalifa Nahed , Mourali Mechaal
Published: February 2025

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most frequently occurring mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal system. These tumors are believed to arise from interstitial cells of Cajal, the gastrointestinal pacemaker cells, due to the presence of tyrosine kinase receptors in their tissue. When tumors with similar morphological and immunohistochemical properties are found outside the gastrointestinal tract such as the mesentery, retroperitoneum, and every now and then the omentum, they are classified as extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs). We report a case of a primary epithelioid (EGIST) of the greater omentum, the tumor was diagnosed in women with non-specific symptoms who presented for abdominal pain initially misdiagnosed as an adnexal tumor. This report highlights the need to consider EGIST in the differential diagnosis of abdominal and pelvic tumors and underscores the importance of EGIST-specific studies to evaluate treatment modalities for improved oncological outcomes and quality of life.
A case of Dili-drug induced liver injury by norethisterone combined with mifepristone
Authors: Indrani Chaitanya , Antony Anjali
Published: February 2025

DILI related to female sex hormones like estrogen and progesterone generally occur with estrogen component. Progesterone related DILI are not commonly reported. We are reporting a case of DILI by norethisterone combined with mifepristone in a 37-year-old woman. Oral contraceptives have been shown to be associated with variety of liver injuries. Various manifestations include hepatitis, cholestatisis, hepatic adenoma, peliosis hepatitis, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and increase in size of pre-existing hemangiomas. It is important to create awareness about norethisterone-induced liver injury among clinicians, especially gynaecologists and also use combination drugs after studying the mechanism of action, agonistic and antagonistic actions.
Countering Online Gender-Based Violence: Cyber Security or State Security and the Dilemmas of Policy Engagement
Authors: Jahan Iffat , Sultan Maheen , Novelly Shamsad Navia , Islam Mohaiminul
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the dilemmas faced by gender justice activists in Bangladesh regarding whether and how to engage with laws that conflict with fundamental freedoms and rights, while acknowledging the importance of a legal framework to regulate cyberspace. The research also examines the difficulties and limitations faced by activists in navigating existing institutions and laws to provide redress for victims of online gender-based violence (OGBV).
TATHBIQU NAMUDZAJ AL-TA’LIM AL-TA’AWUNI MAKE A MATCH FI TA’LIM AL-MUFRODAD
Authors: Mukminin Amirul , Aisyatul Hanun  , Ainirrahmah
Published: February 2025

This study is entitled “Application of Make A Match cooperative learning Model to improve Arabic vocabulary mastery of students in class VA MIN 5 Jembrana academic year 2023/2024".   This study departs from the lack of models used by teachers, because teachers only as a transmitter of information through a monotonous learning model while students only as listeners without being able to think. Low student learning activities have an impact on the mastery of students who are less than optimal. The formulation of the problem in this study is (1) How the application of the Make A Match model in improving the Arabic vocabulary of students in Class 5A MIN 5 Jembrana Kecamatan Negara Kabupaten Jembrana academic year 2023/2024 (2) whether the use of the Make a Match model can improve students ' Arabic vocabulary. This study aims (1) to determine the activities of teachers and students in the application of Make A Match model (2) to determine the mastery of students in the application of Make a Match model. This study is a class action research conducted in two cycles with test instruments, observation and documentation. Each cycle consists of four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were students of class VA MIN 5 Jembrana academic year 2023/2024 which amounted to 30 students. The results of this study indicate that the use of the Make A Match learning model can improve students ' mastery of Arabic vocabulary for the 2023/2024 school year. Students ' mastery of Arabic vocabulary based on test scores increased by 13.3% from pre-cycle 43.3% (13 students) to 56.6% (17 students) in cycle I, then increased by 33.4% from cycle I 56, 6% (17 students) to 90.0% (27 students) in Cycle II. The conclusion of this study is the use of Make A Match learning model can improve the mastery of Arabic vocabulary VA class students MIN 5 Jembrana.
Dari Tulisan Jawi ke Aksara Romawi: Benturan Ideologi dalam Perkembangan Serapan Bahasa Arab di Nusantara
Authors: Bin Sajidin Riadussolihin , Nufus Zakiatun
Published: February 2025

Bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa Islam memberi pengaruh pada bahasa Melayu. Tulisan Jawi merupakan salah satu perwujudan pengaruh bahasa Arab. Ia digunakan selama berabad-abad sejak diterimanya Islam secara luas oleh masyarkat Nusantara pada abad ke-12. Kemudian ia diganti dengan aksara Romawi setelah kedatangan penjajah Barat. Akhirnya tulisan Jawi semakin tersingkir dan kurang mendapat perhatian masyarakat. Terdapat banyak kajian tentang tulisan Jawi, tetapi lebih banyak menyoroti fenomena benturan bahasa, dan belum mengungkap secara spesifik tentang benturan ideologi di balik konversinya ke aksra Romawi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas benturan ideologi dalam rentetan sejarah pergantian Jawi ke Romawi, juga peranan penguasa di dalamya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode library research, di mana sumber data primer berupa buku dan junral penelititan terdahulu, dan dokumen-dokumen tertulis. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa telah terjadi benturan ideologi dalam pergantian tulisan Jawi ke aksara Romawi di Nusantara. Pihak penjajah saat itu memainkan peranan penting. Selain itu, Otoritas penguasa dan pemangku kebijakan juga ikut terlibat sehingga Jawi mengalami krisis. Oleh  karena itu, keterlibatan penguasa secara total amat diharapakan dalam upaya revitalisasi dan reaktualsasi tulisan Jawi dengan membuat keputusan penggunaan kembali sebagaimana dulu membuat keputusan penggantian Jawi ke aksara Romawi.
 
Kata Kunci: benturan ideologi; huruf Jawi; aksara Romawi; bahasa Arab.
 
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Pt quantum dots coupled with NiFe LDH nanosheets for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction at industrial current densities
Authors: Wang Boxue , Zhao Xinru , Sun Huachuan , Zhang Mengling , Chen Mingpeng , Qiu Guoyang , Zhou Tong , Li Dequan , Wu Yuewen , Liu Chen , Yang Hang , Lu Qinjie , Zhao Jianhong , Zhang Yumin , Zhang Jin , Cui Hao , Liu Feng , Liu Qingju
Published: February 2025

Developing efficient and economical electrocatalysts for hydrogen generation at high current densities is crucial for advancing energy sustainability. Herein, a self-supported hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalyst is rationally designed and prepared on a nickel foam through a simple two-step chemical etching method, which consists of Pt quantum dots (PtQDs) coupled with nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) nanosheets (named PtQDs@NiFe LDH). The characterization results indicate that the introduction of PtQDs induces more oxygen vacancies, thereby optimizing the electronic structure of PtQDs@NiFe LDH. This modification enhances the conductivity and accelerates the adsorption/desorption kinetics of hydrogen intermediates in PtQDs@NiFe LDH, ultimately resulting in exceptional catalytic performance for the HER at large current densities. Specifically, PtQDs@NiFe LDH delivers 500 and 2000 mA·cm-2 with remarkably low overpotentials of 92 and 252 mV, respectively, markedly outperforming commercial Pt/C (η500 = 190 mV, η2000 = 436 mV). Moreover, when employing NiFe LDH precursor and the prepared PtQDs@NiFe LDH catalyst as the anode and cathode, respectively, in an overall water electrolysis system, only 1.66 V and 2.02 V are required to achieve 500 and 2000 mA·cm-2, respectively, while maintaining robust stability for 200 h. This study introduces a feasible approach for developing HER electrocatalysts to achieve industrial-scale current densities.
Service-dominant logic in the hotel industry: Pathway to brand awareness and loyalty
Authors: Sondari Tanty , Sari Nur Zeina Maya , Nuraliati Ayke
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of service-dominant logic (SDL) on brand attitude, emotional brand attachment, and brand engagement and the impact of these three variables on brand awareness and brand loyalty among hotel users in Bandung City. A quantitative approach was used in this study with data collection techniques through questionnaires distributed to 230 respondents, namely hotel users in Bandung. The structural equation modeling method based on partial least squares (SEM-PLS) was used to test the relationship between variables in the research model. The results of the study indicate that SDL has a significant positive effect on brand attitude, emotional brand attachment, and brand engagement. in addition, brand attitude, emotional brand attachment, and brand engagement also have a positive effect on brand awareness and brand loyalty. These findings indicate that the SDL approach implemented by hotels can strengthen emotional relationships and consumer engagement with the brand, which ultimately increases customer awareness and loyalty to the hotel brand.
Directed Acyclic Graphs as Conceptual and Analytical Tools in Applied and Theoretical Epidemiology: Advances, Setbacks and Future Possibilities
Authors: Ellison George , Rhoma Hanan
Published: February 2025

This review explores the advances, setbacks and future possibilities of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) as conceptual and analytical tools in applied and theoretical epidemiology. DAGs are speculative, theoretical, or literal, diagrammatic representations of unknown, uncertain or known data generating mechanisms (and dataset generating processes) in which the causal relationships between variables are determined on the basis of two over-riding principles – ‘directionality’ and ‘acyclicity’. Amongst the many strengths of DAGs are their transparency, simplicity, flexibility, methodological utility and epistemological credibility. All of these strengths can help applied epidemiological studies better mitigate (and acknowledge) the impact of avoidable (and unavoidable) biases in causal inference analyses based on observational/non-experimental data. They can also strengthen the credibility and utility of theoretical studies that use DAGs to identify and explore hitherto hidden sources of analytical and inferential bias. Nonetheless, and despite their apparent simplicity, the application of DAGs has suffered a number of setbacks due to weaknesses in understanding, practice and reporting. These include a failure to include all conceivable unmeasured/unknown/latent covariates when developing and specifying DAGs; and weaknesses in the reporting of DAGs containing more than a handful of variables (nodes) and paths (arcs), and those where the intended application(s) and rationale(s) involved is necessary for appreciating, evaluating and exploiting any causal insights they might offer. We propose two additional principles to address these weaknesses, and identify a number of opportunities where DAGs might yet lead to further advances in: the critical appraisal and synthesis of observational studies; the portability of causality-enhanced prediction; the identification of novel sources of bias; and the application of DAG-dataset consistency assessment to resolve pervasive uncertainty in the temporal positioning of time-variant and -invariant covariates.
Uncovering the Impact of Working from Home on Employees’ Collaboration, Happiness, and Promotion Chances Using Machine Learning
Authors: Imani Mehdi
Published: February 2025

This research explores the impact of working from home on employees' happiness, collaboration, and promotion prospects using machine learning techniques. The study is guided by three research questions aiming to investigate the correlation between working from home and employees' collaboration and promotion prospects. Moreover, the research aims to find a relationship between the number of households and employees' happiness levels while working from home. The data is collected from ICT engineers working at a technology company in Sweden through a questionnaire-based survey. Probability sampling was selected for data collection to reduce bias and enhance the generalizability of the findings. The data is pre-processed and then analysed in Jupyter Notebook using the Python programming language. Various libraries and models, including Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Scikit-learn, were employed for data analysis. Both Pearson correlation and p-values in Pearson correlation were used in this study to analyse the relationships between different variables.However, based on the results, this study did not find any significant relationship between working from home and employees' promotion prospects or collaboration issues. Additionally, the results did not provide evidence of a significant relationship between the number of households of employees and their happiness levels while working from home.
Minimizing Endothelial Cell Loss in Hard Nucleus Cataract Surgery: Efficacy of the Eight-Chop Technique
Authors: Sato Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To estimate the efficacy of the eight-chop technique in phacoemulsification surgeries for patients with hard nucleus cataracts by investigating corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) reduction post-phacoemulsification and intraoperative parameters.Setting: Sato Eye Clinic, Chiba-ken, Japan.Design: Prospective case series.Methods: Patients were categorized into three groups (Grade IV, IV plus, and V) according to the hardness of their lens nuclei. Surgeries were performed using the eight-chop technique. Key intraoperative metrics (operative time, phaco time, aspiration time, cumulative dissipated energy [CDE], and fluid volume used) were measured. Pre- and postoperative assessments included corrected distance visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell size variation, hexagonal cell percentage, central corneal thickness, and CECD.Results: Overall, 89 eyes from 67 patients with cataracts were evaluated. The mean operative time, phaco time, aspiration time, CDE, and fluid volume used across Grades IV, IV plus, and V were 10.5 min, 38.9 s, 135.6 s, 19.2, and 53.0 mL, respectively. At 19 weeks postoperatively, the CECD decreased by 0.2%, 6.8%, and 9.6% for Grades IV, IV plus, and V, respectively, with an average decrease of 3.7%. Significant reductions in postoperative IOP were observed across all groups compared with preoperative IOP (p < .01). Loss of CECD significantly correlated with phaco time, CDE, and fluid volume (p = .027, p < .01, and .034, respectively).Conclusions: The eight-chop technique in phacoemulsification for hard nucleus cataracts resulted in minimal CECD loss. It may provide an effective surgical solution for patients with hard nucleus cataracts.
Role of UNS and Digital Twins in Predictive and Adaptive System
Authors: Surendran Pillai Renjithkumar , O'connell Eoin , Denny Patrick , Shanoob Muhammad
Published: February 2025

As depicted in the Practice, PPM procedures play an important role of refining operations in industrial applications in view of the industry 4.0 environment. This research focuses on the demonstration of integrated digital twins across various industries such as pharma, medtech and F&B. In the pharmaceutical industry, areas that can be addressed through the use of digital twins include, virtual inspections, end-to-end process enhancement, and compliance. The medtech industry uses digital twins for designing and testing prototype medical devices and tools used in surgery to prepare accurately for surgery Digital twins are widely used in the food and beverage industry for manufacturing line optimization and analyzing the flow of products. This research establishes means of error prediction of control valves, VSDs, motors/engines, robots/cobots, pipeworks, magnemotion/linear motor, shunks, and CNC machines in different industrial parts. They are enabled to capture real time data from sensors and use complex models of machine learning to diagnose faults or predict their occurrence causing minimal equipment downtime and reduced maintenance time. Reducing the machine downtime by 42.25% and thereby the mean time to repair (MTTR) by 36% this strategy makes a technical solution for organizations concerned with process efficiency and quality assurance, effective and economical. This study makes headways in establishing the possibility of using predictive maintenance to enhance the implementation of Industry 4.0 concepts for enhanced industrial systems.
On the Method for Proving the RH Using the Alcantara-Bode Equivalence
Authors: Adam Dumitru
Published: February 2025

Among the equivalents of the Riemann Hypothesis (RH), a millennium unsolved problem ([7]), the Alcantara-Bode equivalent ([2]) is of a particular interest due to its formulation: the Riemann Hypothesis holds iff the null space of the integral operator on L2(0, 1) having the kernel function the fractional part of the ratio (y/x), contains only the element 0 ([2]), i.e. iff the operator is injective. This equivalent formulation allows us to use techniques outside of the number theory field in order to prove it and so, to show that RH holds. We introduced in this article a functional analysis - numerical method for investigating the injectivity of the linear bounded operators on separable Hilbert spaces, updating and extending the result from [1]. The method is built around the result obtained (Theorem 1) saying that if a linear bounded operator is strict positive on a dense set, then it is injective. When the operator - or its associated Hermitian replacing it if needed, is only positive definite on a dense set, additional operator properties should be considered. Dealing with this case, two are the directions we choose for obtaining the corresponding criteria, using the operator approximations over finite dimension subspaces in L2(0, 1) whose union is dense: · involving the operator finite rank approximations on subspaces or, · involving its adjoint restrictions on subspaces. (Injectivity Criteria [1]). Applying both versions of the method on the dense set of indicator interval functions, we proved the Alcantara-Bode equivalent is true so, that RH holds. This solution for RH is not one in pure math. field as seems to have been expected since 1859. However, it is in line with the Clay Math Inst. principle that has been expressed (citing [7]) by: "A proof that it is true for every interesting solution would shed light on many of the mysteries surrounding the distribution of prime numbers."
Assessing Security Vulnerabilities in Large Code Bases Using Open Source Software
Authors: Walcott Dr. Kristen , Vaszary Mark , Hastings Dr. Thomas
Published: February 2025

Large software applications typically use open source software (OSS) to implement key pieces of functionality. Often only the functionality is considered, and the non-functional requirements, such as security, are ignored or not fully taken into account prior to the release of the software application. This leads to issues in two different areas: 1) evaluating the OSS used in our current software, 2) evaluating OSS that our developers may be considering using. This research focuses on providing a mechanism to examine third-party components, focusing on security vulnerabilities. Both current and future software face similar security issues. We develop an approach to minimize risk when adding in OSS to an application, and we provide an assessment of how exploitable 8 new/existing software applications may be if not secured with other layers of defense. We have analyzed two case studies of known compromised open source components [1]. The developed controls identified high levels of risk immediately.
Dataset and AI Workflow for Deep Learning Image Classification of Ulcerative Colitis and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Carreras Joaquim , Roncador Giovanna , Hamoudi Rifat
Published: February 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by the deregulation of immuno-oncology markers. IBD includes ulcerative colitis and Chron disease. Chronic active inflammation is a risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Deep learning is a form of machine learning that is applicable to computer vision, and it includes algorithms and workflows used for image processing, analysis, visualization, and algorithm development. This publication of Data Descriptor type, describes a dataset of histological images of ulcerative colitis, colorectal cancer (adenocarcinoma), and colon control. The samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and immunohistochemically analyzed for LAIR1 and TOX2 markers. The methods used for collecting and producing the data, analysis using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), where the dataset can be found, and information about its use are also described.
“New Technology Creates Stressful and Demanding Situations”: Critical Care Nurse`s Experiences with Impella Treatment
Authors: Askeland Anne , Melby Ann-Cathrin , Sætersdal Silje Helen , Strømsvik Nina
Published: February 2025

Background The use of Impella treatment has resulted in better survival in critically ill heart patients. Impella is an advanced heart pump used in, among other conditions, cardiogenic shock, and the use of this treatment is increasing. Intensive care nurses have a central role in this treatment, and it is important to be professionally up-to-date. Studies show that more knowledge about intensive care nurses' experience with Impella treatment is needed. Aim To explore critical care nurses’ experiences with intensive care patients undergoing Impella treatment. Methods The study has a qualitative research approach. Data was collected through two focus group interviews with eight critical care nurses who had varied experiences with Impella. Knodel’s practical four step approach was used to analyze the data. Results The study identified three main themes. The first theme describes stressful and demanding situations for critical care nurses when caring for patients with Impella treatment. The second theme concerns the lack of standard guidelines for treatment with Impella including practical and theoretical education for critical care nurses. The third theme describes how teamwork and the allocation of responsibilities reduces stress for the staff involved in the Impella treatment. Conclusion There is a lack of procedures for practical and theoretical education. Impella treatment can be physically and psychologically stressful for the patients and critical care nurses.
Extracranial Vascular Arterial Stiffness Contributes to Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Stroke, and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hayden Melvin R , Tyagi Neetu
Published: February 2025

Cerebrocardiovascular disease(s) (CCVD) including coronary artery disease, ischemic heart disease, and stroke are the number one cause of mortality. Structural and functional properties of the vascular arterial wall play an important role in creating extracranial vascular arterial stiffness (VAS). VAS has emerged as a marker of risk for aging, dementia, vascular contributions to impaired cognition and dementia (VCID), stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic), misfolded proteins (amyloid beta and tau) deposition, neurodegeneration, brain atrophy, and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease. VAS is associated with increased oxidative redox stress, inflammation, vascular remodeling and calcification, increased pulse pressure, increased pulse wave velocity, and systolic hypertension, which serves as part of the multiple injurious stimuli to vulnerable neurovascular unit capillaries with high flow and low resistance. Notably, advanceing age, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and vascular calcification are the most common causes of VAS. VAS contributes to cerebral small vessel disease and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion that is capable of instigating neurodegeneration, brain atrophy, and late onset Alzheimer’s disease. This narrative review discusses the evidence that links VAS and microvessel cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) to brain structural and functional abnormalities via a heart, vascular, brain (HVB) axis, which leads to SVD, neurodegeneration, brain atrophy, impaired cognition, and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease.
Study of Pandemic, Investor Sentiment, and Stock Returns with Machine Learning
Authors: Zadkhater Abolfazl , Yin Yuchen , Santos Cartier , Toshania Mehmetlu
Published: February 2025

After the first COVID-19 patient was diagnosed in China, in December 2019, the market's reaction to the pandemic evolved from initial unawareness and minimal response to rapid panic among investors as the outbreak escalated. As the pandemic continued to develop, the market gradually absorbed the impact, and stock market performance experienced a process of decline from high to low points. From the perspective of behavioral finance, the development of the pandemic suppressed the stock market through both profitability and risk preferences. The initial lack of understanding of the situation further exacerbated market volatility. This paper examines the correlation between the development of the pandemic and daily stock returns from March to June 2020, as well as the mechanism through which the pandemic affected investor sentiment. It reveals a negative correlation between the growth rate of infections and daily stock returns, and how the pandemic increased investors' pessimism, influencing their trading behavior by increasing turnover rates, thereby exacerbating the negative impact on stock returns. By empirically revisiting the impact of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on stock market investor behavior, this study provides insights for predicting and responding to the impact of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) on the stock market.
The Collatz Conjecture: A Complete Proof Through Bounded Sequence Analysis
Authors: Diedrich Eduardo
Published: February 2025

We present a rigorous proof of the Collatz conjecture through a novel analysis of bounded sequences and cycle properties. The proof establishes strict bounds on sequence behavior and demonstrates the uniqueness of the fundamental cycle, proving that all positive integers must eventually reach 1 under the Collatz iteration. Our approach combines classical techniques from number theory with careful analysis of sequence bounds to resolve this long-standing conjecture. The methodology introduces several novel techniques that may prove valuable for analyzing other iterative systems and number-theoretic conjectures.
Icy Balls That May Be A New Kind of Star Connect the Maths and Quanta of this Universe to the Dark Universe
Authors: Bartlett Rodney
Published: February 2025

This article began when icy balls that may be a new kind of star were observed in space. They seem to have the contradictory characteristic of being cold enough to have abundant ice, but also possess infrared emission like a hot star. The contradiction could be resolved using a mathematics called vector-tensor-scalar geometry which is based on a paper published by Albert Einstein. This geometry presents new ways of looking at formation of planets, stars, and black holes as well as the Higgs boson/field and every other subatomic particle. A Cosmological Entanglement that’s based on the Holographic Principle and is not dependent on temperatures near absolute zero or any experiments in laboratories is introduced. Spacetime-exploring “topological propulsion” and totally emission-free “topological manufacturing / transportation” are proposed as later developments of quantum entanglement being a fuel for car engines, fusion reactors, and possibly in the Sun and stars. Then the alternative of describing certain phenomena with either advanced / retarded waves or Complex (Real + Imaginary) numbers is presented. Chaos theory states there is hidden order in randomness and apparent disorder. This has implications for the way Brownian motion and quantum mechanics are viewed - possibly giving rise to the concept of quantum certainty or the principle of determinacy. Penultimately, the article looks at a) dark matter and dark energy as intimately related processes divorced from the concept of universal expansion (or contraction), b) space-time travel and planet Mercury’s precession in the light of the Riemann hypothesis, and c) coding waves. Finally are thoughts about the wavefunction of the unified multiverse / universe, origin of life, John Wheeler’s participatory universe, quantum computers, and imaginary computers.
The Role Of Sea Breeze In The Coastal Stratocumulus Dissipation Transition In Antofagasta And San Diego
Authors: Pallauta Gabriela , Muñoz Ricardo C. , Arrué Patricio , Zamora Zapata Mónica
Published: February 2025

Coastal Stratocumulus clouds have a diurnal cycle, influenced by solar heating and sea breeze dynamics. These clouds typically thin after sunrise, and some of them fragment and then dissipate, a transition that has proven difficult to predict. In this work, we study the role of sea breeze in the dissipation transition by analyzing observations at two coastal sites, Antofagasta, Chile, and San Diego, CA. Surface measurements of solar irradiance and wind speed allow us to diagnose cloud fragmentation time, dissipation time, and the onset of sea breeze. While both locations differ in meteorological conditions, the transition has a distinctive sequence with similar average times at both locations: sunrise, then sea breeze (43 min later), and finally fragmentation (1.25 h) and dissipation (4.1 h). While the sequence suggests that sea breeze may be causing fragmentation, correlations do not support that hypothesis. Conversely, earlier dissipation events correspond, on average, to weaker wind speeds. Causality between wind speed and solar irradiance was assessed using Convergent Cross Mapping, showing a bidirectional positive correlation. However, the causality is dominated by wind speed, more strongly in Antofagasta than in San Diego, highlighting the role of sea breeze in causing changes in cloudiness.
Combined Effects of Early Mobilization and Nutrition on ICU Acquired Weakness
Authors: Formenti Paolo , Menozzi Alessandro , Sabbatini Giovanni , Gotti Miriam , Galimberti Andrea , Bruno Giovanni , Pezzi Angelo , Umbrello Michele
Published: February 2025

Sarcopenia and muscle mass loss are critical factors influencing the recovery of patients in intensive care units (ICU). Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) is a prevalent condition that exacerbates the challenges faced by critically ill patients, leading to prolonged immobility and disability. These complications are often part of the post-intensive care syndrome, which affects patients' long-term quality of life. Although nutritional support plays a significant role in the recovery process, early mobilization and rehabilitation are essential components in preventing and mitigating muscle loss. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of combined early mobilization and nutritional interventions in improving outcomes related to muscle weakness in ICU patients, focusing on clinical evidence and practical strategies for optimizing recovery.
Parameter Estimation-Based Output Voltage or Current Regulation for Double-LCC Hybrid Topology in Wireless Power Transfer Systems
Authors: Godoy Ruben B. , Tolfo Thaís M. , Silva Rafael de S. , de Brito Moacyr A. G. , de Souza Witória S.
Published: February 2025

In Wireless Power Transfer Systems (WPTS), variations in the load connected to the receiver can cause instability in the waveforms of output voltage and current due to their sensitivity to changes in load impedance. To overcome such drawbacks, this paper presents a control scheme for regulating voltage and current at the output of a WPTS system with the Double-LCC topology. The proposed method is based on estimating secondary-side parameters while assuming a constant coupling coefficient that remains close to its intended value during operation. The methodology begins with the mathematical modeling of the primary and secondary resonant circuits. By measuring the input voltage and current, the system estimates the load impedance, which is then used to derive the expected output voltage and a reference for the input voltage. To maintain a stable output, the system dynamically adjusts the input voltage, ensuring that it aligns with the theoretical reference value. Analytical calculations and simulations were performed using the MATLAB/Simulink platform to validate the proposed approach. Simulations confirmed the theoretical predictions for a wireless system operating at 120 kHz with a power transfer of 100 W. The results demonstrated that the load voltage remains stable at 32 V, even under varying load conditions, while the output current remains at 3 A despite fluctuations in battery voltage.
Benefit of Consolidation Thoracic Radiotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Immunotherapy: Data from Slovenian Cohort
Authors: Čakš Marina , Janžič Urška , Rutar Tjaša , Unk Mojca , Demšar Ana , Mohorčič Katja , Turnšek Nina , Matos Erika , But-Hadžić Jasna
Published: February 2025

Background: Chemoimmunotherapy (CT/IO) with immune checkpoint inhibitors has recently become the standard of care for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Given the uncertain role of consolidation thoracic radiotherapy (cTRT) in this setting, we conducted a real-world study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cTRT in ES-SCLC patients receiving first-line CT/IO. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of ES-SCLC patients treated with first-line CT/IO in Slovenia from December 2019 to June 2024. Patient characteristics, treatment patterns, survival outcomes, and adverse events were analyzed, with subgroup comparisons based on cTRT administration. Results: Among 208 patients (median age: 66), median overall survival was 12.1 months (95% CI: 10.6–13.7). cTRT was administered to 46 patients (22.1%), who had fewer metastases and received more maintenance IO cycles. cTRT was associated with improved OS (17.0 vs. 10.8 months; HR = 0.51, p = 0.005) and was an independent OS predictor (HR = 0.55, p = 0.013). Grade ≥3 adverse events were similar (21.7% vs. 21.3%), though pneumonitis occurred more frequently with cTRT (6.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.001). Conclusion: cTRT may improve survival in ES-SCLC patients treated with CT/IO, with no significant increase in toxicity apart from pneumonitis. Further prospective studies are needed.