bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Logistic LASSO Regression for Dietary Intakes and Obesity: NHANES (2007-2016)
Authors: Yan Qingna , Wang Ruohua , Dong Yuanjie , Lv Xinyi , Tang Xuanfeng , Li Xiaoqing , Niu Yucun
Published: September 2022

Background: Many investigations have explored the relationship between dietary intake and obesity risk/incidence, but they have only assessed obesity-related dietary patterns and/or single nutrients, not taking into account the diversity of dietary variables or multicollinearity among multiple nutrients. Therefore, this study aimed to use logistic LASSO regression combined with logistic regression to overcome multicollinearity, and overall investigate the possible association between dietary factors and obesity by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007-2016).
Method: Logistic LASSO regression was performed to examine the relationship between 59 dietary variables, and subsequently identify the most relevant variables associated with obesity. Then we used logistic regression to test the relevant variables, and finally used the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to test the effect of logistic regression. Using the methods described above, we explored the relationship between dietary intake and obesity in 12135 NHANES participants (2007-2016).
Result: The set of factors screened by LASSO regression, obesity risk factors including cholesterol and PFUA 20:4 (β>0); protective factors including vitamin E, caffeine, folate, vitamin C and copper (β<0). Ultimately, after multivariate unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression tests as well as ROC tests, four in the factor set associated with obesity were selected. Statistically significant dietary factors only folate (OR=0.80), vitamin C (OR=0.95), copper (OR=0.60) and PFUA 20:4 (OR=2.57) in adjusted logistic regression.
Conclusion: Dietary intake of folate, vitamin C and copper negatively correlated with obesity, but PFUA 20:4 positively inversely. Necessary to assess the effective levels of folate, vitamin C and copper supplementation in obese subjects.
Electron spin resonance study of mixed Bi2Se3 topological insulator-magnetic insulator nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Kyu Won , Lee Yeo Jin , Lee Cheol Eui
Published: September 2022

We investigated Bi2Se3 topological insulator nanoparticles mixed with room-temperature ferromagnetic insulator nanoparticles by using electron spin resonance (ESR) of the surface conduction electrons in the Bi2Se3 nanoparticles. The ESR intensity and linewidth as a function of the molar ratio of the magnetic insulator show the room temperature magnetic proximity effect due to the short-range exchange field of the magnetic insulator nanoparticles along with the long-range magnetic dipole field effect and the surface-to-volume ratio effect.
Fermented Astragalus Membranaceus by Bacillus subtilis Ameliorates Hyperuricemia in Mice by Suppressing Inflammation via Reducing p38 MAPK and NF-κB Phosphorylation
Authors: Lin Feng , Wang Ruoyu , Halimulati Mairepaiti , Huang Xiaojie , Zhang Zongfeng , Jiang Zeyu , Qiao Yanjiang , Zhang Zhaofeng
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Hyperuricemia has become a public health problem that needs to be solved urgently. As traditional Chinese medicine, Astragalus membranaceus has high research value. In recent years, how to improve the bioavailability of Astragalus has been the subject of growing interest in the academic. Microbial fermentation has brought hope and dawn to address the above problem.
Methods: Eighty mice were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10): the normal control group, the hyperuricemia group, the benzbromarone group, the Bacillus subtilis-fermenting Astragalus group (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/kg Astragalus), the unfermented Astragalus group, and the Bacillus subtilis group. To explore the underlying mechanism, levels of XOD, inflammatory factors, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were investigated.
Results: Fermented Astragalus inhibited liver uric acid synthesis and protected the function of the kidney via anti-inflammation inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathways. It was speculated that increased total flavonoids, formononetin, and astragaloside IV of fermented Astragalus would result in a better therapeutic effect than unfermented Astragalus.
Conclusion: The work undertaken sheds light on the development of Astragalus and the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.
Impact of diurnal temperature range on cardiovascular diseases mortality in residents in northeast China
Authors: Kai Xuan , Hong Zhimin , Hong Yang , Wang Xiaolei , Li Chunyang
Published: September 2022

It has been reported that cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become one of the major threats to global public health and is associated with climate change. Several previous studies have shown the influence of ambient temperature on CVD, but lack some evidence for the effect of diurnal temperature range (DTR) on CVD mortality in northeast China. This is the first study to assess the correlation between DTR and CVD mortality in Hulunbuir located in northeast China. Daily CVD mortality data and meteorological data were collected from 2014 to 2020. A quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was applied to exploring the impact of DTR on CVD mortality. Stratified analyses by gender, age, and season were conducted and extremely high DTR impacts were investigated. In this study, a total of 21,067 CVD mortality cases were recorded from 2014 to 2020. Compared to the reference value (11.20°C, 50th percentile), a U--shaped non-linear relationship between DTR and CVD mortality was observed, and extremely high DTR increased the risk of CVD mortality. The effect of extremely high DTR occurred immediately and lasted up to 6 days. In addition, males and old people (age ≥ 65 years) were more likely to be affected by extremely high DTR compared with females and adults (age <65 years), respectively. The results also showed that extremely high DTR in cold season had a more adverse effect on CVD mortality than warm season. This study suggests that extremely high DTR for cold season has adverse impact on CVD mortality which should be paid enough attention to for residents in northeast China. Males and the older were more vulnerable to the impacts of DTR. The study may provide some suggestions for decision-making by local public health authorities to avoid the adverse impacts of high DTR, and improve the health of residents, especially vulnerable groups in cold season.
Development of EEG based Identification of Learning Disability using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Ahire Nitin , Awale R. N. , Wagh Abhay
Published: September 2022

A learning disability (LDs) is a comprehensive word used for various learning problems. Children with learning disabilities are not sluggish nor intelligently retarded. Learning disability is a neurological condition that is characterized by a vague understanding of words and poor reading skills. It affects many school-aged children, with fellows being more likely to be involved, placing them at risk for deprived academic concerts and low self-esteem for the rest of their lives. Our research entails developing a machine learning model to analyze EEG signals from people with learning difficulties and provide results in minutes with the highest level of accuracy. In this research, we have used Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) methods were used for component analyze of the dataset. For classification purposes we have used Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), K-nearest neighbours (K-NN), Decision Trees and XGBoost, etc different types of algorithms. The goal is to determine which data pre-processing approaches and machine learning algorithms are the most effective in detecting learning disabilities.
Stimulation of the Biofilm’s of a marine bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans - by Fucoidan extracted from macroalgae
Authors: OMUZBUKEN Burcu , ALYURUK Hakan , KACAR Asli
Published: September 2022

Bacterial biofilm growth in aquatic environments can be promoted by natural compounds, such as polysaccharides and proteins. Fucoidan is a group of marine sulfated polysaccharides found in cell wall matrix of brown and red algae. In the present study, efficiencies of fucoidan extracts obtained by two alternate methods from Cystoseira sp. and Padina pavonica were investigated of stimulation of biofilm development of Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans. The fucoidan rich extracts were tested for adhesion of biofilm bacterium in black polystyrene flat-bottom microplates. In the biofilm experiments, the extracts were found to stimulate biofilm development. The maximum mean for the biofilm stimulation efficiencies were 67.52% for SG1 - Cystoseira sp. and 67.50% for SG1 - P. pavonica. The results highlighted that Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans was able to adhere to the plates, and the growth rates were increased with the addition of fucoidan extracts. This research indicated that fucoidan can be effective in biofilm development strategies in aquatic environments.
Efficacy of hydroethanolic extract of Randia aculeata seed against the southern cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) on naturally infested cattle under field conditions
Authors: Bravo-Ramos Jose L. , Sánchez-Otero María G. , Sánchez-Montes Sokani , Olivares-Muñoz Angélica , Romero-Salas Dora
Published: September 2022

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick infestation is a major problem for cattle industry in tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical products are commonly applied to control it; however, their indiscriminate use has resulted in the appearance of resistant lineages. Plants have been used as an alternative to conventional acaricidal drugs. Recently, we demonstrated the higher acaricidal activity of hidroethanolyc extract of Randia aculeata seed (EHRA) against R. microplus under laboratory conditions. The utility of EHRA seed as acaricidal need to be determined under field conditions. For this reason, the aim of this study was (a) evaluate the efficacy of the EHRA against R. microplus by sprayed on naturally infested calves under field conditions (b) determine the effect of the EHRA seed on AChE activity in larvae R. microplus and (c) evaluate the stability of total phenolic compounds in EHRA after exposure to heating, UV irradiation and storage. Fourty-five male calves were divided in three groups and doused by spray G1: water, G2: EHRA 20% and G3: coumaphos 0.3%. AChE activity on R. microplus larvae was determined by a colorimetric assay. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau method after to exposure of EHRA to heat, UV light and storage under sunlight and dark. Significantly fewer number of ticks were observed after 24 h on the treated group compared to control group (p < 0.001). EHRA significantly inhibited in vitro acetylcholinesterase activity in R. microplus larvae at all tested concentrations (p < 0.01). Heat, UV light and storage time under sunlight resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in total phenolic content. Our results contributed new data for the elucidation of the mechanisms of EHRA acaricide action and to further evaluate the use as a new alternative control agent against R. microplus under in vivo conditions
Ovarian cancer in Sudan: Age, marital status, histological types, staging and symptoms
Authors: Murgan Sulafa S. , Elaziz Faisal J. Abd , Khalil Eltahir A.G.
Published: September 2022

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality from female reproductive cancer. No definite symptoms related with early-stage disease and no effective screening methods make its early detection difficult, which results in about two-third patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer at the diagnosis. In this study, the overall mean age of patients was 46.5 ± 27.5 years. The vast majority of women [90.0%] in this cohort were with the age groups 30–70 years. Ovarian cancer is not common (p = 0.5) below 30 years (frequency = 4.5%) and above 70 years (frequency = 1.7%), the common age group is above 60 years. More than forty percent (50/112, 44.6%) of the patients had symptoms of abdominal discomfort, pelvic pain and irregular bleeding during the last 6 months. A third (38/112, 33.9%) had symptoms for more than a year, while 5.4% (6/112) and 14.3% (16/112) had symptoms for two and three years respectively. The majority of patients (80%, 89/112) were childless. A third (44/112, 39.3%) were single, 40.2% (45/112) were married and had no children, while a fifth (20.5%, 23/112) were married and had children. Thus, singles and childless ladies constituted the majority of the patients [79.5%]. A minority (6/112, 5.4%) of the patients had other types of cancer (endometrial, colon, lung, breast and brain cancers) concurrently with ovarian cancer, with breast and colon cancers as the more common concurrent cancers. Serous adenocarcinoma of the ovaries was seen in the majority of patients in the study cohort (81.1%, 91/112). Advanced stages were seen in more than half of the patients, with stages III & IV seen in 31.3% and 26.8% of patients respectively. A fifth (19.6%) of patients presented with stage II, while a minority (3.6%) was diagnosed with early stages i.e. stage I. Mucinous types were seen in 11 patients (11/112, 9.9%), with 1.8% at stage II, 4.5% at stage III and 3.6% at stage IV. The endometroid type was seen in 10.7% (6/112) of patients with 3.6% in stage I and 1.8% in stage III. A minority was reported as germinoma (1/112, 0.8%) and poorly differentiated carcinomas (2.7%, 3/112).
Haemorrhagic Brain Metastasis from Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A rare case
Authors: Furtado Cleofina , Srivast Sachin , Nayak Sanjeev , Jadun Changrez , Hashim Zafar
Published: September 2022

Malignant pleural mesothelioma usually has a median survival of only nine months from diagnosis, with death usually due to thoracic disease. This has led to the belief in the past, that mesothelioma rarely has distant metastasis with cerebral metastasis accounting for only three percent. This is a unique case of known malignant mesothelioma with distant haemorrhagic metastasis to the brain. This article reviews the imaging evaluation of patients with suspected intracranial involvement and malignant pleural mesothelioma and describes typical imaging findings of parenchymal brain metastasis on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The incidence of haemorrhagic brain metastasis and various treatment option have also been briefly discussed.
Intraclass correlation for reliability assessment: the introduction of a cross-validated program in SAS (ICC6)
Authors: S. Senthil Kumar V. , Shahraz Saeid
Published: September 2022

Reliability refers to how measurements can produce consistent results and are crucial for any scientific research measurement. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) is the most widely used method to determine the reproducibility of measurements of various statistical techniques. Calculated ICC and its confidence interval that reveal the underlying sampling distribution may help detect an experimental method's ability to identify systematic differences between research participants in a test. The purpose of this study was to introduce a new SAS macro, ICC6 for the calculation of different ICC forms and their confidence intervals. A SAS macro that employs the PROC GLM procedure in SAS was created to generate the estimates of two-way random effects (ANOVA). A simulated dataset was used as an input into the macro to calculate the point estimates for different types of ICCs. The upper and lower confidence interval limits for the ICC forms were calculated using the F statistics distribution. The SAS macro provided here produces a complete set of various forms of ICC along with their confidence intervals. A cross-validation using commercial software packages STATA and SPSS produced identical results. A development of SAS methodology using publicly available statistical approaches in estimating six distinct forms of ICC and their confidence intervals has been reported in this article. This work is an extension of available methodology supported by a few other statistical software packages to SAS.
Comparisons of specimens attributed to Tyrannosaurus: One or three species ?
Authors: Thackeray Francis
Published: September 2022

Tyrannosaurus was a massive carnivorous dinosaur which existed for roughly 2 million years in North America prior to its extinction at the end of the Cretaceous Period. It was recently proposed by Gregory Paul and colleagues that fossil specimens historically attributed to the species T. rex represent three species, not one. This conclusion reflects an essential problem in palaeontology of defining species and recognizing species boundaries. In this study we test the T1 hypothesis that specimens attributed to T. imperator, T. regina, and T. rex represent the single species T. rex (recognising that, per the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature the nomen T. rex (1905) has precedence over T. regina and T. imperator). Based on an analysis of skull and postcranial dimensions of three iconic Tyrannosaurus specimens and application of a probabilistic morphometric definition of species as described by Thackeray & Dykes, our results indicate a high probability of conspecificity, thus supporting the T1 hypothesis.
Antimicrobial activities of graphene oxide against biofilm and intracellular Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis
Authors: Saeed Shamsaldeen Ibrahim , Vivian Liang , Zalati C.W. Salma C.W. , Sani Nani Izreen Mohd , Aklilu Erkihun , Mohamad Maizan , Noor An'Amt Mohamed , Muthoosamy Kasturi , Kamaruzzaman Nor Fadhilah
Published: September 2022

Background
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the causative agents of bovine mastitis. The treatment using conventional antimicrobial has been hampered due to the development of antimicrobial resistance, the ability of the bacteria to form biofilms and localize inside the host cells.
Objectives
Here the efficacy of graphene oxide (GO), a carbon-based nanomaterial was tested against the biofilms and intracellular S. aureus in- vitro. Following that, the mechanism for the intracellular antimicrobial activities and GO toxicities were elucidated.
Methods
GO antibiofilm properties were evaluated based on the disruption of biofilm structure, and the intracellular antimicrobial activities were determined by the survival of S. aureus in infected bovine mammary cells following GO exposure. The mechanism for GO intracellular antimicrobial activities were investigated using endocytosis inhibitors. GO toxicity towards the host cells were assessed using resazurin assay.
Results
At 100 mg/L GO reduced between 30–70% of S. aureus biofilm mass, suggesting GO’s ability to disrupt the biofilm structure. At 200 mg/L GO killed almost 80% of intracellular S. aureus and the antimicrobial activities were inhibited when cells were pre-treated with cytochalasin D, suggesting GO intracellular antimicrobial activities were dependent on the actin-polymerisation of the cell membrane. At < 250 mg/L, GO enhanced the Mac-T cells viability, and cells were only affected at higher dosages.
Conclusion
GO efficacy against S. aureus in vitro suggested the compound could be further tested in- vivo to recognise its potential as one of the components of bovine mastitis therapy.
Perspectives on the Side Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives Among Women of Reproductive Age in Kitwe District of Zambia: A Qualitative Explorative Study
Authors: Mutale Natasha , Mukanga Bright , Daka Victor , Nyirenda Herbert Tato
Published: September 2022

Background
Globally, hormonal contraceptives have proved to be effective in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy. However, despite evidence suggesting the many benefits associated with the use of hormonal contraceptives, concerns related to their safety and side effects have been reported. We conducted a study to explore the perspectives on the side effects of hormonal contraceptives among women of reproductive age in the Kitwe district of Zambia.
Methods
An explorative qualitative study was done among 32 women of reproductive age (18-45years) in the Kitwe district of Zambia. Participants were selected conveniently as they accessed family planning services at a designated reproductive, maternal, and child health facility in Kitwe. Data collection was done through In-depth interviews. Recruitment of participants and data collection continued until saturation point. In-depth interviews were recorded, translated, and transcribed verbatim. Data were imported into NVivo.x64 for coding and node generation after which categories and themes were developed manually.
Results
Overall, participants demonstrated a considerable amount of family planning knowledge, recounting the economic and health benefits as well as demerits of family planning use. The main reasons for discontinuation and switching of hormonal contraceptive methods were the desire to get pregnant and the fear of unpleasant side effects which included excessive bleeding or prolonged menstruation, headache, dizziness, lower abdominal/back pain, and weight gain. Most importantly, participants cited concerns about the delay in the resumption of fertility after the termination of contraception and how the side effects disrupted their daily activities at home.
Conclusion
There is a need for family planning providers to offer family planning services that address the side effects of hormonal contraceptives during counseling and how women can manage them. Family planning services should adopt a patient-centered approach that takes into consideration the concerns regarding side effects and how this affects the quality of life among women. There is a need to extend family planning services to scheduled follow-up, and clinical management of contraceptive side effects among women.
Regime-based Implied Stochastic Volatility Model for Crypto Option Pricing
Authors: Saef Danial , Wang Yuanrong , Aste Tomaso
Published: September 2022

The increasing adoption of Digital Assets (DAs), such as Bitcoin (BTC), rises the need for accurate option pricing models. Yet, existing methodologies fail to cope with the volatile nature of the emerging DAs. Many models have been proposed to address the unorthodox market dynamics and frequent disruptions in the microstructure caused by the non-stationarity, and peculiar statistics, in DA markets. However, they are either prone to the curse of dimensionality, as additional complexity is required to employ traditional theories, or they overfit historical patterns that may never repeat. Instead, we leverage recent advances in market regime (MR) clustering with the Implied Stochastic Volatility Model (ISVM). Time-regime clustering is a temporal clustering method, that clusters the historic evolution of a market into different volatility periods accounting for non-stationarity. ISVM can incorporate investor expectations in each of the sentiment-driven periods by using implied volatility (IV) data. In this paper, we applied this integrated time-regime clustering and ISVM method (termed MR-ISVM) to high-frequency data on BTC options at the popular trading platform Deribit. We demonstrate that MR-ISVM contributes to overcome the burden of complex adaption to jumps in higher order characteristics of option pricing models. This allows us to price the market based on the expectations of its participants in an adaptive fashion.
Probing multi-particle unitarity with the Landau equations
Authors: Correia Miguel , Sever Amit , Zhiboedov Alexander
Published: September 2022

We consider the 2\to 22→2
scattering amplitude of identical massive particles. We identify the
Landau curves in the multi-particle region
16m^2 \leq s, t < 36m^216m2≤s,t<36m2.
We systematically generate and select the relevant graphs and
numerically solve the associated Landau equations for the leading
singularity. We find an infinite sequence of Landau curves that
accumulates at finite ss
and tt
on the physical sheet. We expect that such accumulations are generic for
s,t > 16m^2s,t>16m2.
Our analysis sheds new light on the complicated analytic structure of
nonperturbative relativistic scattering amplitudes.
Frequency of congenital heart diseases in newborn: ten years’ single clinic experience
Authors: Sokolov A. A. , Martsinkevich G. I. , Smorgon A. V.
Published: September 2022

Congenital heart disease occurs in the population with a frequency of 8 per 1000 live births. Information on the incidence of various congenital heart defects in newborns in connection with the widespread introduction of prenatal ultrasound diagnostics and an increase in its accuracy allows for planning pregnancy and management of newborns with critical heart defects. The aim of this study wasto retrospectively study the incidence of various congenital heart defects according to echocardiographic studies among newborns in the framework of the experience of one clinic over the period from 2009 to 2019. In the clinic of the Science Research Institute of Cardiology, echocardiographic studies were performed in 34298 children aged 1 day to 17 years, the average age was 3.68 years, the median 2.0 years. The newborns accounted for 4.6% of them (n = 1607). The results of echocardiographic studies were analyzed in 1607 newborns aged from 1 to 27 days. In 247 (15.3%) of the examined no congenital defects were detected, 1360 newborns had various congenital heart diseases. It was found that the most common anomaly in  newborns were interventricular septal defects (37%), more than 60% of all interventricular septal defects were clinically insignificant small muscle defects. It has been shown that the incidence of congenital heart defects in newborns with complex prenatal diagnosis (coarctation of the aorta, double outlet right ventricle) has increased in recent years. A decrease in the incidence of atrioventricular septal defect was observed over the past five years. The possibilities of neonatal cardiac surgery in a particular clinic influenced the structure of the occurrence of individual congenital heart disease due to prenatal pregnancy planning and surgical tactics.
Polymorphism of genes that characterize the functional state of the vascular wall in newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia
Authors: Popova I. G. , Fetisova I. N. , Ratnikova S. Yu. , Nazarov S. B. , Кharlamova N. V.
Published: September 2022

The features of polymorphism of genes characterizing the functional state of the vascular wall in newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia were studied. 150 children were examined, the main group consisted of 100 newborns born to mothers with preeclampsia (PE), the control group included 50 children born to women without preeclampsia. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were determined in the blood of newborns: ADD1 G1378T (rs4961), AGT T704C (rs699), AGT C521T (rs4762), AGTR1 A1166C (rs5186), AGTR2 G1675A (rs1403543), CYP11B2 –344 C/T (rs1799998), GNB3 C825T (rs5443), NOS3 –786 T/C (rs2070744), NOS3 G894T (rs1799983) using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method with the DTprime 5 device (DNA-Technology, Russia) and the Cardiogenetics kit (DNA-Technology, Russia). The genetic analysis revealed that newborns born to mothers with PE were significantly more likely to have unfavorable genotypes АDD1 1378 G/T, AGT 704 T/C, AGT 704 C/C, AGTR2 1675 A/A, NOS3 (-786) C/C, NOS3 894T/T and alleles АDD1 1378T, AGT 704 C, AGTR2 1675A, NOS3 (-786) C, NOS3 894T. In newborns from mothers without PE, genotypes homozygous for the “wild type” alleles were significantly more common: АDD1 1378 G/G, AGT 704 T/T, CYP11B2 (-344) C/C, NOS3 (-786) T/T, NOS3 894 G/G and the NOS3 (-786) T allele. The revealed changes in newborns born to mothers with PE indicate an increased risk of developing disorders of the cardiovascular system.
Intestinal microbiome and modern methods of its study in children
Authors: Volynets G. V. , Nikitin A. V. , Skvortsova T. A.
Published: September 2022

Исследования кишечного микробиома в настоящее время вызывают большой интерес у клиницистов. Это связано с тем, что результаты проведенных исследований показывают тесную взаимосвязь кишечного микробиома с развитием различных заболеваний. В статье представлены современные методы отбора проб для  исследований, охарактеризованы мультиомические методы исследования (метагеномика, метапротеомика, метатранскриптомика, метаболомика) и  возможности их применения в  клинической практике с  указанием их преимуществ и  недостатков. Описаны наиболее распространенные методы исследования (при этом особое внимание уделено изучению кишечного микробиома), в  которых можно получить оптимально объективные результаты и точность вычислительного анализа данных. Эти исследования будут способствовать развитию персонализированной медицины, которая будет применяться в самых различных областях — от точной идентификации патогенных штаммов для целенаправленного лечения до тщательного мониторинга дисбаланса микробных сообществ при заболеваниях и до персонализированного и рационального плана манипуляций с микробиомом.
El problema de la muerte propia: reflexiones entre filosofía y psicoanálisis
Authors: Labaronnie Maria Celeste
Published: September 2022

Este artículo se propone retomar el problema de la muerte propia, aquella que Freud consideró como imposible de representar. Este trabajo apunta a mostrar que, aunque sea irrepresentable, el análisis puede y debe producir un cierto saber sobre la muerte. Se toma como base la idea lacaniana de que una ética del deseo obliga al sujeto a entrar en ese lugar que el autor llamó “entre dos muertes” y que hace de la muerte simbólica un dato previo a la muerte real. Se revisan los aportes de Sócrates y Heidegger sobre la posición ética frente a la muerte propia, con el propósito de mostrar las convergencias y divergencias entre estos autores y Lacan. Finalmente, con el objetivo de mostrar que existen observables clínicos de que el análisis produce un cambio de posición a este respecto, se examinan los sueños de varios psicoanalistas que han publicado el relato de su experiencia de análisis. Se concluye que los indicadores de este cambio de posición son principalmente el planteo del tema de los asuntos pendientes y la necesidad de los actos resolutivos.
Desregulación emocional y nivel de riesgo por consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en universitarios colombianos
Authors: Bohórquez-Borda Daniela , Gómez-Villarraga Daniela , Pérez-Cruz David , García-Rincón Leonardo
Published: September 2022

El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas [SPA] es un problema de salud pública, y constituye uno de los principales factores de riesgo para la salud. Se ha observado que el consumo de SPA está mediado por diferentes variables, una de ellas es la desregulación emocional, y se requiere mayor investigación del comportamiento de esta variable y su relación con los niveles de riesgo asociado al consumo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar si existen diferencias en la desregulación emocional según el nivel de riesgo asociado al consumo de sustancias en una muestra de universitarios. Para tal efecto se adelantó un estudio descriptivo por comparación de grupos con una muestra de 721 estudiantes. Los resultados indicaron altas prevalencias de consumo de SPA; diferencias en los puntajes de desregulación emocional según el nivel de riesgo para tranquilizantes y cocaína, y que, a nivel general, aquellos universitarios con menor nivel de riesgo son quienes presentan menores puntajes de desregulación emocional, lo que sugiere que la desregulación emocional es una variable predictora de un mayor nivel de riesgo asociado al consumo de SPA.
Percepción de riesgo asociada al consumo de alcohol, tabaco y marihuana en estudiantes universitarios: diferencias en función del consumo y del sexo
Authors: Rivarola Montejano Gabriela , Pilatti Angelina , Pautassi Ricardo Marcos
Published: September 2022

El consumo de alcohol, tabaco y marihuana presenta una alta prevalencia entre adultos emergentes universitarios. Una variable que incide en el consumo de estas tres sustancias psicoactivas es la percepción de riesgo asociada a dicha conducta. Este estudio examinó -en adultos emergentes universitarios argentinos- la relación bi o multivariada, entre el riesgo percibido de consumir alcohol, tabaco y marihuana, y el consumo propiamente dicho de estas sustancias. Se analizaron también variaciones en la percepción de riesgo en función del sexo y del tipo de consumo (con y sin consumo episódico excesivo de alcohol [CEEA], con y sin consumo de tabaco o marihuana). La muestra final, no probabilística y de carácter accidental, estuvo compuesta por 279 estudiantes universitarios (75.6% mujeres; M edad = 23.02; DE = 3.36) que completaron un cuestionario online. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la percepción de riesgo (global y para indicadores individuales) en función del sexo y del tipo de consumo. A su vez, el sexo (i.e., ser hombre) y la mayor frecuencia de CEEA, de consumo de tabaco y marihuana se asociaron a la percepción de un menor riesgo atribuido al consumo de cada sustancia. Los hallazgos sugieren que las conductas de consumo frecuente e intensivo podrían ser el foco de intervenciones para corregir posibles sesgos en la interpretación o valoración del riesgo percibido.
The Impact of Tissue Selectivity on the Anti-atherosclerotic Activity of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Authors: Roth Bruce D.
Published: September 2022

The utility of inhibitors of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase for lowering plasma total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is now indisputable. Considerable research is now ongoing to determine whether these inhibitors will possess anti-atherosclerotic activity, either indirectly due to their lipid-regulating properties or due to a direct effect on atherosclerotic and/or restenotic lesion formation. Much of this research is based on the premise that the ability of these inhibitors to block lesion formation and/or induce lesion regression will be dependent on their ability to penetrate into tissues, which may be dependent on their physicochemical properties. Despite the results of pre-clinical animal model research suggesting that the differing abilities of lipophilic and hydrophilic inhibitors to penetrate into tissues results in discernable differences in pharmacology, these differences seem to disappear clinically. This review will discuss ongoing research to differentiate inhibitors based on their ability to directly effect arterial lesions and attempt to explain these results in terms of the physicochemical properties of inhibitors.
Antioxidant Protection System and Photosynthetic Pigment Composition in Secale cereale Subjected to Short-Term Temperature Stresses
Authors: Romanenko Kateryna O. , Babenko Lidia M. , Smirnov Oleksandr E. , Kosakivska Iryna V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Plants are often exposed to short-term temperature stresses (average 2-4 hours) or “temperature drops”. It is in the first hours of stress (alarm phase of response) that metabolic changes occur, which go on to contribute to the formation of the primary stress-induced response.

Materials and Methods:

Winter rye Secale cereale L. ‘Boguslavka’ plants were grown under controlled conditions in a vegetation chamber. Fourteen-day-old plants exposed to short-term heat (+40°C, 2 h) and cold (+4°C, 2 h) were studied. The dynamics and distribution of free amino acids (AAs), total phenols (TPHs), and flavonoids (TFs), as well as the content of photosynthetic pigments, were all determined according to the standard procedures.

Results:

Accumulation and distribution of secondary metabolites in the organs of winter rye plants depended on the type of temperature, stress, and the plant organ. In the first phase of alarm in cold-resistant winter rye ‘Boguslavka’ after cold stress increased the accumulation of free AAs (GABA, Pro, Asp, Cys, and Val) and decreased the content of flavonoids and chlorophyll. Both types of stress inhibited the accumulation of TPHs, and this effect was more pronounced under heat stress.

Conclusion:

Quantitative and qualitative changes in the accumulation and distribution of low molecular weight protectors indicated that AAs and TPHs are involved in response to both types of short-term temperature stresses in winter rye ‘Boguslavka’ plants. The ability to accumulate free amino acids (GABA, Pro, Asp, Cys, and Val) in the roots after cold stress is considered one of the prerequisites for cold resistance. The photosynthetic apparatus is susceptible to temperature stressors in the alarm phase of response, as indicated by the significantly decreased photosynthetic pigment.
effect of health education on the level of knowledge and attitude of mothers about COVID-19 prevention at posyandu of mpunda public health center of Bima City
Authors: Rahmad Indra , Julhana Julhana , Dahniarty Dhany , Dramawan Awan , Aniharyati Syaiful Aniharyati , Aniharyati Aniharyati
Published: September 2022

Background of Study: Transmission of COVID-19 is made through close contact and saliva splashes/droplets, instead of air transmission. Baby is one of the most vulnerable subjects to any kind of disease due to their body's immune is still likely weak or imperfect.  Providing insights on the importance of maintaining health and the danger of COVID-19 virus is necessary to conduct through some informal educational platforms to the society.  Method: the research method used in the present study was quasi-experiment with pre-test and post-test with a control group design.  The sampling technique used was random sampling. In this study, a bivariate test was conducted to find out the effect and difference in the level of knowledge and attitude of both the control group and experimental group.  The present study, further, used the statistical test of Mann Witney and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.
Use of diesel engine exhaust gas heat for heating passenger cars
Authors: Stoyakin G. М. , Kostin A. V. , Naumenko S. N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The tasks of increasing energy saving in heating systems for passenger cars of diesel trains are currently relevant. As an alternative source of energy for these systems, the possibility of using the waste heat of the diesel locomotive engine is analysed.

Materials and methods. The article provides an analysis of the engine waste heat sources, cooling water and exhaust gases. A schematic diagram of exhaust gas heat exchanger for its use in the heating system of passenger cars has been deve loped. As a possible heat-exchange surface of the waste heat exchanger, plate-ribbed, coiled and tube surfaces with longitudinal boundary layer turbulators are proposed. The required area of this surface for the maximum power of the heating system for a passenger train is determined.

Results. The article shows the possibility of using engine exhaust heat in the heating system of a 15-car passenger train without involving third-party energy sources.

Discussion and conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate a sufficient potential for increasing the efficiency of using the diesel engine fuel energy when utilising its waste heat for the heating system of passenger cars. The selection of a waste heat exchanger is justified based on a performance of 50 % of the peak load on the heating system at the middle position of the controller.
System analysis of mathematical models of placement of transport and logistics facilities of different levels
Authors: Moskvichev O. V. , Moskvicheva E. E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The formation of an overarching network of nodal freight multimodal transport and logistics centres in the Russian Federation and organisation of high-speed freight traffic on schedule on its basis requires the development of science-based proposals for the creation or modernisation of the corresponding regional transport and logistics infrastructure. One of the most important tasks in the implementation of this project in the context of limited investment resources is the correct justification of the number and choice of locations for the transport and logistics centres of the overarching network in the Russian Federation, as well as the locations of transport and logistics centres in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. This article provides an evaluation analysis of the classical methods for finding optimal centres on a plane and some construction of mathematical quantitative models for the optimal placement of transport and logistics facilities.

Results. According to the evaluation analysis, the authors have drafted a scientifically based concept of a systematic approach to the issues of rational design and placement of elements of transport and logistics infrastructure, in particular, the overarching network of nodal freight multimodal transport and logistics centres, as part of a new highly efficient transport and logistics infrastructure of the Russian Federation and its international transport corridors.

Discussion and conclusion. The obtained results of the study can be used for scientifically based decision-making in investment projects related to the development of transport and logistics infrastructure at both regional and federal levels: substantiation of locations and technological capacities of transport and logistics infrastructure facilities; determining the need for the development of objects of the regional transport and logistics infrastructure, while eliminating their bottlenecks; implementation of a phased set of measures to modernise the existing terminal and logistics complex.
Microbial Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferases: Sources, Production, and Application in Cyclodextrin Synthesis
Authors: Saini Kuldeep , Pathak Vinay Mohan , Tyagi Arpit , Gupta Rani
Published: September 2022

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is a multifunctional enzyme that hydrolyzes the α-glycosidic bond between two sugar molecules and synthesizes cyclodextrins (CDs) and other transglycosylation products. It is a ubiquitously present extracellular enzyme that offers the CGTase-producing organism the sole right onto starch substrates over other microbes. The present review provides a brief account of diversity among CGTase-producing microbes, CGTase production in different heterologous hosts (wherein extracellular secretion is highly desired), and different physicochemical properties of CGTases. Overall, 52 crystal structures that highlight the five domain tertiary structure of CGTases have been discovered so far. On the basis of these structures, the catalytic mechanism of CGTase reactions has been discussed, and three catalytic residues, namely Glu257, Asp229, and Asp328, have been identified at the active site in all CGTases. Moreover, the active site is constituted by at least nine sugar-binding sites, denoted as -7 to +2. Furthermore, a sequence alignment of selected CGTases highlighted the conserved regions and the sequential differences among α-CGTases, β-CGTases, and γ-CGTases. Various biotechnological applications of CGTases and CGTase immobilization on a variety of support matrices are briefly discussed. This review also encompasses a detailed account of CDs, their enzymatic production, extraction, and applications in different industrial sectors.
The Burden of Disease in Alopecia Areata: Canadian Online Survey of Patients and Caregivers
Authors: Gilding Anthony Justin , Ho Nhung , Pope Elena , Sibbald Cathryn
Published: September 2022

Background

Alopecia areata (AA) is associated with negative impacts on the quality of life (QoL). Data on this impact are lacking for Canadian patients and their caregivers.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the burden of AA on Canadian patients and their caregivers.

Methods

We created 4 online surveys for patients 5-11 years old, 12-17 years old, and ≥18 years old and for caregivers of children (<18 years old) with AA. These were disseminated through the Canadian Alopecia Areata Foundation (CANAAF) website and to dermatologists across Canada.

Results

In total, 115 adult patients (n=100, 87%, female), 14 pediatric patients (n=13, 92.9%, female), and 15 caregivers completed the surveys online. The majority (n=123, 95%) of patients felt uncomfortable or self-conscious about their appearance. Camouflaging hair loss with hats, scarves, and hairpieces was a common practice for 11 (78.6%) pediatric and 84 (73%) adult patients. Avoidance of social situations was reported by 8 (57.1%) pediatric and 75 (65.2%) adult patients. Constant worry about losing the achieved hair growth was a concern for 8 (57.1%) pediatric and 75 (65.2%) adult patients. On a scale of 1-5, the mean score of caregivers’ own feelings of sadness or depression about their child’s AA was 4.0 (SD 0.9) and of their feelings of guilt or helplessness was 4.2 (SD 1.2). The impact on the QoL was moderate for both children and adults. Based on the Adjustment Disorder New Module-20 (ADNM-20), 71 (61.7%) of 115 patients were at high risk of an adjustment disorder. Abnormal anxiety scores were recorded in 40 (34.8%) patients compared to abnormal depression scores in 20 (17.4%) patients.

Conclusions

This study confirmed a significant burden of AA on Canadian patients’ and caregivers’ QoL.
El aguacate: un aliado protector en la obesidad
Authors: Domínguez Guerrero Miriam Yareli , Horta Hernández Montserrat , Escobar Alcantar Andrea Paola , Ramírez González Angela Paola , López Ortiz María Montserrat
Published: September 2022

El aguacate es un fruto altamente consumido en México, cuya composición nutrimental de ácidos grasos monoinsaturados, vitaminas, antioxidantes y fibra tienen efectos protectores en personas que viven con obesidad. Diversos estudios han demostrado que el consumo constante de aguacate contribuye al aumento de la cantidad y diversidad de microorganismos benéficos en la microbiota intestinal, lo que auxilia en el control de los niveles de grasa elevados en sangre o dislipidemias, reduciendo los niveles de colesterol total y triglicéridos elevados. Lo anterior contribuye a tener niveles elevados de colesterol hdl (mejor conocido como “colesterol bueno”) y niveles bajos de ldl (conocido como “colesterol malo”); así como a obtener marcadores controlados de insulina y glucosa. Sin embargo, los efectos protectores que proporciona el aguacate en personas que viven con obesidad sólo se ven reflejados cuando el consumo de este fruto es constante.
Quantum simulation with just-in-time compilation
Authors: Efthymiou Stavros , Lazzarin Marco , Pasquale Andrea , Carrazza Stefano
Published: September 2022

Quantum technologies are moving towards the development of novel hardware devices based on quantum bits (qubits). In parallel to the development of quantum devices, efficient simulation tools are needed in order to design and benchmark quantum algorithms and applications before deployment on quantum hardware. In this context, we present a first attempt to perform circuit-based quantum simulation using the just-in-time (JIT) compilation technique on multiple hardware architectures and configurations based on single-node central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs). One of the major challenges in scientific code development is to balance the level of complexity between algorithms and programming techniques without losing performance or degrading code readability. In this context, we have developed qibojit: a new module for the Qibo quantum computing framework, which uses a just-in-time compilation approach through Python. We perform systematic performance benchmarks between our JIT approach and a subset of relevant publicly available libraries for quantum computing. We show that our novel approach simplifies the complex aspects of the implementation without deteriorating performance.