bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROPOSED SPECIFICATION FOR CONSTRUCTION OF AIRFIELD CONCRETE PAVEMENT
Authors: Tayabji Shiraz , Anderson John , Lafrenz Jim
Published: January 2025

The Standards for Specifying Construction of Airports, FAA Advisory Circular: AC 150/5370- 10B incorporates Item P-501 – Portland Cement Concrete Pavement. Airfield concrete pavement project funded under the Federal Airport Improvement Program (AIP) are typically developed in accordance with the requirements contained in Item P-501 and sometimes in conjunction with specific project requirements and local practices related to material availability and regional concerns, and as approved by the FAA. Item P-501 provides guidance on the following: 1. Concrete materials (including composition and materials requirements) 2. Construction methods (including equipment, concrete placement, finishing, jointing, curing, and sealing) 3. Method of acceptance (including sampling and testing) 4. Contractor quality control 5. Basis for payment As part of a recent study, a proposed specification for construction of concrete airfield pavements has been developed for possible adoption by the FAA. The proposed specification places emphasis on the need to produce a durable end product, vis-à-vis, a durable concrete pavement. The product requirements that are specified are a combination of prescriptive requirements for certain materials as well as end product requirements for the as-delivered concrete and for the as-placed concrete. There is less emphasis on the means and methods to produce the end product. This should allow the contractor reasonable flexibility to use innovative construction methods and equipment that will result in cost savings to owner agencies without sacrificing the quality of the product. Specifically, the proposed specification will allow constructors to identify sources of variability in the airfield concrete pavement construction process and to minimize the variability; thus delivering an end product that is consistent and durable. The proposed specification intent is to: 1. Inspire creativity and maintain a standard for the evaluation of the construction 2. Incorporate a system of measurement consistent with acceptance criteria that will validate the design parameters 3. Encourage innovation and be "results-oriented" 4. Result in a product of the highest quality and consistent with the available local materials. This paper presents highlights of the proposed specification.
Water pervious concrete pavement blocks: durable structures for an integrated water policy
Authors: Beldeens A. , Vijverman L.
Published: January 2025

Water pervious pavement blocks are a durable and ecological solution to prevent water run off, to minimize the risk of flooding and to increase the efficiency of water purification. The application of water pervious pavement blocks on a permeable base and/or sub base allows buffering of the rainwater in the structure and infiltration or retarded outflow to the ground or infiltration system. This paper presents the results of a research project, conducted at the BRRC during 4 years. The efficiency of water buffering and infiltration in relation to the choice of material is investigated in the laboratory, on a test parking lot and on site. To allow a good choice of the materials and the application site and to control the efficiency on site, different test methods are optimized. Results for different types of concrete pavement blocks (pervious blocks, blocks with enlarged joints or drainage holes), different types of base layer (hydraulic bounded or unbounded materials) and different types of sand layer and jointing materials are looked at. Finally this paper focuses on several applications in Belgium, where measurements have shown a good behavior of the structure and a good durability of the permeability. Data from newly constructed projects, as well as projects in use for more than eight years are presented.
A Simple Diagnosis Tool for Detecting Localized Roughness Features
Authors: Chatti Karim , Zaabar Imen , Suk Lee Hyung
Published: January 2025

The collection of distress data from video imaging of the pavement surface can provide the location and type of many distresses. However, it cannot provide useful information about some distress features such as the magnitude of faulting, breaks and curling in concrete pavements. This paper describes a simple tool to extract such information through the use of the raw profile data. Different methods were used in the study, including wavelets, time-frequency and discrete methods. The discrete elevation difference method (DED) was selected for faulting and breaks detection, and the discrete slope method (DS) was selected for curling detection. To test the validity of the analysis, surveys were conducted on different sites in Michigan. Faults magnitude was measured using Georgia faultmeter and the location of the distress is measured using measuring wheel. The profile data for the same pavement section where collected using the a high speed profilometer. The new tool was able to detect the magnitude of faulting and breaks with an average error of 0.1% and a standard deviation of 1%. The localization was also highly accurate (average error in distance is within 1 m or 0.5%). The results indicate that the methods described above can capture relevant information about these roughness features with reasonable accuracy.
Case Study of US 75: Assessment of Full Depth Repair Effectiveness
Authors: Su Jung Youn , Freeman Tom J. , Zollinger Dan G. , Wimsatt Andrew J.
Published: January 2025

Full depth repair (FDR) is a widely used repair method for repairing distresses in concrete pavement. FDR typically includes restoring load transfer to the adjacent, unrepaired slab and once it is placed is expected to perform similarly to the original pavement. However, current standard methods of FDR have only limited effect and often yield insufficient long term performance since they fail to address the deterioration ongoing in the adjacent slabs. It seems that standard plans uniformly recommend replacing weakened base or subgrade material with better material however, they only treat the area under the patched section, while the condition of adjacent sections continue to suffer because of the effects of infiltrated water and weakened base and subgrade. Moreover, details rarely call for resealing of the joint after placement of the repair which is a basic preventative strategy to reduce distresses in the adjacent concrete pavement as well as the patch. A major test of FDR for jointed concrete pavement on US 75 in Sherman, Texas is studied to evaluate FDR effectiveness and recommend possible improvements. Sample sections were classified by visual inspection into good and poor areas containing old and newly placed patches. Each section was tested to ascertain the repaired patched and existing adjacent pavement conditions using non destructive test (NDT).
Concrete pavements for railway tracks
Authors: Lechner Bernhard
Published: January 2025

During the last three decades major steps ahead were done in the field of high-speed railway tracks based on the implementation of proven road pavement technologies. Some modifications and adaptations were needed with respect to the requirements of railway tracks especially on high speed lines. Different ballastless track systems were developed and tested and are in use for high speed links worldwide as well as for urban transportation networks. Main feature of ballastless track structures is an elastic connection between rails and treated layers. Following designs had been used: - Sleeper panels connected to a concrete or asphalt pavement or sleeper panels monolithically embedded within a concrete slab; - Prefabricated, prestressed slabs or frames connected to a treated base by an intermediate layer; - Discrete rail seats on Jointed Reinforced Concrete Pavement (JRCP) or embedded rails on Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavements (CRCP). High quality railway tracks based on concrete pavement technology will show increasing applications worldwide. The research activities on concrete pavements have to strengthen synergetic effects between road and railway looking for new applications and steady improvements.
Continuously reinforced concrete pavement with SMA coating - the composite structure for the challenges of the future -
Authors: Höller Stefan
Published: January 2025

Concrete carriageways can in principle be made in two versions: As continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) or as non-reinforced slabs with transverse joints at regular distances. To date, Germany has focused on the slab construction type. It was continuously improved and developed further and is currently the standard way of building concrete roads. The construction type based on a continuously reinforced concrete pavement does not use transverse joints in the concrete pavement, but develops a random cracking pattern with narrow slab segments. The opening of the cracks must be limited to ensure force transmission in a transverse direction. This is achieved by using a continuous longitudinal reinforcement. It is furthermore possible to supplement the structure quickly and easily with a thin wearing course, either when the structure is still new or when the surface properties no longer comply with the requirements. This leads to a composite structure, e.g. with stone mastic asphalt (SMA), thin-layer cold-placed (microsurfacing), porous asphalt (OPA) or similar materials. In order to gain initial experience with this construction type, test tracks for continuously reinforced concrete pavement and topping of concrete pavements with stone mastic asphalt were implemented. This report describes the experiences during construction and usage. In addition, a concept for further testing of composite structures is presented.
Durable and sustainable overlay with ECC
Authors: Qian Shunzhi , Li Victor C. , Zhang Han , Keoleian Gregory A.
Published: January 2025

While Portland cement concrete (PCC) overlay has been increasingly used as a rehabilitation technique for deteriorated PCC pavements in the last decade, reflective cracking places a major limit on its durability performance. The use of ultra ductile concrete named Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) should arrest such failure mode and greatly enhance the long term performance of the overlaid pavements. In this paper, we introduce and demonstrate this novel concept via experimental study on the reflective cracking resistance of small-scale ECC overlaid concrete beam. The ECC specimens totally eliminate the reflective cracking mode by developing extensive micro-cracks under flexural fatigue loading, in addition to a much enhanced MOR compared to controlled concrete specimen. Based on FEM analysis of the overlay system and fatigue performance of the ECC beam, a simplified design chart for ECC overlay is presented for use in practice and LCALCC analysis. The proposed ductile overlay approach should greatly enhance the durability and sustainability of the future pavement overlay.
Evaluation of Rigid Pavement Rehabilitation Methods on I-86
Authors: Bendaña Luis Juliàn , Ambrosino Joel , Sargand Shad
Published: January 2025

Experimental sections on Interstate 86 (I-86) in New York State were constructed and instrumented to evaluate the effectiveness of using various fracturing treatments applied to existing pavement before constructing unbonded concrete overlays. The treatments were untreated pavement, rubbilized pavement, and cracked and seated pavement. In each treatment, four slabs were instrumented with Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs), Vibrating Wire (VW) strain gauges, and Thermocouples (TCs) to collect long-term environmental data, and micromeasurement strain gauges to collect dynamic response data. A Weigh-in- Motion (WIM) unit and a weather station provided supplemental data on traffic and environmental conditions. Environmental data were recorded hourly and used to determine thermal effects on slab shape, strain, and stress. Dynamic response data were collected during nondestructive testing with falling weight deflectometers (FWD) in July 2006, November 2006, and March 2007. A comparison of the environmental effects on the slabs over the three treatments suggests that the untreated section experiences the largest strains and stresses, and is thus more likely to be subject to future distress in the form of topdown cracking. The dynamic response data were comparable for all sections, with the strains the least in the untreated section. However, the maximum dynamic strains were generally much lower than the maximum environmental strains, suggesting that the environmental factors will be more important in determining the relative longevity of the pavement over each treatment.
Fresh and Hardened Properties of Paving Concrete with Steel Slag Aggregate
Authors: Bosela Paul , Delatte Norbert , Obratil Richard , Patel Ashish
Published: January 2025

In 2006 the United States saw the production of 8.6 million tons of steel slag. Although steel slag is currently used as an aggregate in Hot Mix Asphalt surface applications, this paper examines the feasibility of utilizing this industrial by-product as a replacement for both fine and coarse aggregate in conventional concrete mixtures. The first phase of this research examined the effects on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete caused by replacing a percentage of the volume of both fine and coarse aggregate with steel slag available in the Northeastern Ohio area. The basis for comparison was the Ohio Department of Transportations Class C option 1 concrete paving mixture. During this program three types of steel slag were utilized. The slag had been aged and tested for expansion by the producer/supplier, as required by the Ohio Department of Transportation. The fresh concrete properties of workability, air content and unit weight, and hardened properties of compressive and splitting tensile strength were examined per standard ASTM guidelines. This preliminary investigation demonstrates that the specifications called for by the Ohio Department of Transportation can be met. Further study to assure that the performance of the finished pavement is not degraded is on-going.
Influence of Air-Void System Parameters on Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Pavement Concrete – Lessons Learned from Field and Laboratory Observations
Authors: Radlinski Mateusz , Olek Jan , Del Mar Arribas Maria , Rudy Adam , Nantung Tommy , Byers Mike
Published: January 2025

Recently, several relatively newly constructed concrete pavements located in Indiana have experienced deterioration near both longitudinal and transverse joints. The results obtained from the preliminary examination of the cores extracted from these pavements suggested that the observed damage in vicinity of the joints was likely caused by freeze-thaw (F-T) process. The present study was undertaken in an attempt to relate the observed joint conditions and laboratory determined freeze-thaw resistance of concrete extracted from near-joint locations to its air-void system parameters determined by ASTM C 457 procedures. It was confirmed that for a range of concretes with different compositions the air content alone may not be a reliable indicator of freeze-thaw resistance of either field or laboratory concrete. In contrast, the other air-void system parameters (void frequency, specific surface and spacing factor) appeared to correlate well with both field and laboratory F-T performance. However, the critical values of void frequency and spacing factor required to ensure F-T resistance were found to be much more stringent for laboratory test than for field exposure conditions. This implies that, due to its severity, the accelerated (ASTM C 666-type) freeze-thaw test can only provide a very general indication of the actual field performance of moisture saturated concrete.
Moving Towards An Environmentally Sustainable Concrete Pavement Using Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Authors: Smith James T. , Tighe Susan L.
Published: January 2025

Although there is a critical shortage of virgin aggregate, the availability of demolished concrete for use as recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is increasing. Using the waste concrete as RCA conserves virgin aggregate, reduces the impact on landfills, decreases energy consumption and can provide cost savings. Performance of the RCA test sections is monitored through ongoing pavement evaluations using the Ontario Ministry of Transportation’s Manual for Condition Rating of Rigid Pavements, and surface roughness. Additionally, the pavement was instrumented with sensors to monitor pavement performance in relation to long-term environmental conditions. The four test sections contained 48 sensors to monitor slab curling and warping, strain development, joint movement, temperature and maturity. Preliminary laboratory testing and field results support a mix design containing quality coarse RCA of a specific size to result in concrete that exhibits similar or improved performance compared to non-RCA containing concrete.
RIDE QUALITY MEASUREMENT AND USER RATINGS: INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF IMPROVED TECHNIQUES
Authors: Prem Hans , Tu Ziming , Ayton Geoff
Published: January 2025

Improved techniques for assessing ride quality have been developed by the authors that closely simulate actual vehicle ride dynamics and the responses of humans to whole-body vibration. Using numerical models to simulate four generic road-user vehicle classes – passenger cars, heavy commercial vehicles (trucks), off-road recreational and sports utility vehicles (SUVs) and motorcycles – fundamental issues associated with current ride quality measurements are addressed leading to more robust and accurate estimates of pavement rideability. Initial field trials and tests of the proposed ride quality model for a passenger car were conducted. To assess the effectiveness of the model as a ride quality predictor, the overall modelled ride responses were compared with actual measured ride vibrations (objective measures) and road-user ride ratings (subjective measures), all taken on the same sections of pavements. For the objective measures of ride quality portable vibration measuring equipment, comprising accelerometers, event markers and a data logger were assembled, customised and tested. In later versions of the equipment, also described in this paper, GPS tracking was incorporated to provide precise time-based recordings of location and speed. Developed specifically for this project, the equipment is small in size, completely self-contained, and is readily adapted for use in both small and large vehicles (motorcycles, cars, SUVs and trucks). The initial study found there was good agreement between the modelled responses, vibration measurements and subjective ratings. A further larger study is planned, which is discussed in this paper.
PERAN MAHASISWA KKN DALAM MENDUKUNG ASISTENSI MENGAJAR DI SDN 1 DARMASARI
Authors: Azmi Fathul Nurul , Deviyanto Deviyanto , Adiacma Yayan , Rosada Amrina , Arifanisa Arifanisa , Safitri Intan Rodiah , Handayani Lusi , Yasir Toriq Alfan , Al-farisy Muh. Tegar , Kartika Yeni Widya , Saputri Mareta Julia , Darmawan Muhammad Iman
Published: January 2025

Program kuliah kerja nyata adalah bentuk pengabdian mahasiswa kepada masyarakat yang betujuan memberikan kontribusi nyata dalam berbagai bidang termasuk pendidikan. Artikel ini membahas tentang peran mahasiswa KKN dalam mendukung program asistensi mengajar di SDN 1 Darmasari. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi,wawancara dan dokumentasi untuk mengidetifikasi kontribusi mahasiswa KKN tehadap peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian meunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa KKN berperan aktif dalam membantu guru melalui pendampingan siswa, pengelolaan kelas, pembuatan media pembelajaran dan pembuatan program untuk membantu siswa dalam pembelajaran
PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROJEK MELALUI GEOMATH SCRATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KOMPUTASIONAL MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Fatchul Huda  , Nila Ubaidah Nila Ubaidah , Imam Kusmaryono Imam Kusmaryono
Published: January 2025

Salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika adalah membekali siswa agar dapat memecahkan masalah. Namun, hasil observasi menunjukkan kemampuan berpikir komputasional matematis siswa masil belum maksimal atau tergolong rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kevalidan, kepraktisan dan keefektifan penggunaan media pembelajarn melalui projek Geomath berbantuan Scratch dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir komputasional matematis siswa kelas XI MIPA-4 SMA Negeri 1 GRabag Kabupaten Magelang dalam materi Geometri bangun ruang. Adapun subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA-34 SMA Negeri 1 Grabag Kabupaten Magelang yang berjumlah 31 siswa. Instrument penelitian yang digunakn yaitu lembar validasi ahli media, lembar validasi ahli materi, angket respon siswa dan soal pre-test maupun post-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis projek melalui Geomath Scratch pada materi Geometri bangun ruang adanya peningkatan kemampuan berpikir komputasional  matematis dengan menyelesaikan soal yang diberikan mengenai penggunaan materi Geometri bangun ruang dalam kehidupan sehari hari yang banyak ditemukan oleh siswa. Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir komputasional matematis siswa diukur menggunakan soal pre-test dan soal post-test dengan angka selisih rata rata hasil yang didapatkan adalah 10,49.
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Kartu Soal Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Imaroh Akun Fariha , Nihayatus Sa’adah
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model Problem Based Learning dengan menggunakanmedia pembelajaran kartu soal. Model PBL merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa, di mana mereka belajar melalui pemecahan masalah yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan nyata. Media kartu soal digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk memfasilitasi proses pembelajaran, memberikan petunjuk, dan memandu siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan posttest-only control design. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari siswa kelas VIII-F di SMP Negeri 1 Jombang sebanyak 33 peserta didik. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes hasil belajar matematika, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model PBL berbantuan media kartu soal secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel berupapurposive sampling pada kelas VIII-F sebagai. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam hasil belajar peserta diidk dengan rata-rata nilai post-test kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rata-rata post-test kelas kontrol. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada penelitian ini penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbantu media kartu soal dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik agar mencapai KKM.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Memecahkan Masalah Pada Soal Cerita Materi Statistika
Authors: Eka Zalfa Sidqi Naufi , Novia Dwi Rahmawati
Published: January 2025

Matematika merupakan dasar dari semua ilmu pengetahuan dan memiliki peran penting dalam pembentukan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa. Namun, kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa, khususnya dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita, masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa kelas VIII E SMP Negeri 1 Jombang dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi statistika menggunakan teori Newman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek 32 siswa, dipilih 3 siswa yang melakukan kesalahan terbanyak sebagai fokus penelitian. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes dan pedoman wawancara, dengan teknik analisis data berdasarkan model Miles & Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan terbanyak terjadi pada tahap memahami (53 kesalahan), menyimpulkan jawaban (34 kesalahan), keterampilan proses (29 kesalahan), transformasi (9 kesalahan), dan membaca (3 kesalahan). Kesalahan membaca disebabkan oleh ketidakmampuan siswa menggunakan informasi yang ada untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Kesalahan memahami terjadi karena siswa tidak menuliskan informasi yang diketahui dan ditanyakan dalam soal. Kesalahan transformasi disebabkan kebingungan siswa dalam menentukan langkah dan rumus yang digunakan. Kesalahan keterampilan proses terjadi karena kesalahan dalam melakukan perhitungan dan tidak melanjutkan perhitungan yang diperlukan. Kesalahan menyimpulkan jawaban disebabkan oleh siswa yang tidak menuliskan kesimpulan yang sesuai dengan pertanyaan, hanya mencantumkan hasil akhir perhitungan.
Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan panduan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengurangi kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika, khususnya dalam soal cerita statistika
Transformation of the Celebrations and Entertainment Culture of Russians under the Influence of the Orthodox Clergy (Second Half of 19th — early 20th Century)
Authors: Sleptsova (Kyzlasova) Irina S.
Published: January 2025

Both global social, economic and political factors on the one hand and personal ones on the other determine the ways in which the folk celebrations and entertainment culture transform over time. The article, based on archival, published and the author’s field materials, presents the results of a study of how parish clergy affected the folk celebrations and entertainment culture, playing style and repertoire in accordance with church regulations. The activities of the priests, representing a set of individual practices, were focused on achieving a common goal — the assimilation of Christian doctrine by the peasantry and the introduction of norms of behavior corresponding to Christian ethics into everyday life, including in the celebrations sphere. The study showed that thanks to continuous efforts to introduce Christian tenets into the collective consciousness of the peasants, the priests were able to gradually transform the basic understanding of a holiday, making it more canonical, which certainly influenced the forms of folk fun. As a result, a system of temporal, locative, age-related, and action-based prohibitions emerged that define the acceptable framework of the Celebrations. They were effective regulators of behavior, performing an educational and training function. The results of the transformation of the celebrations and entertainment culture are mainly presented in two variants: 1) adaptation of Christian institutions resulting in a syncretic form, including both pre-Christian and Christian elements; 2) complete displacement of unwanted entertainment from everyday life. In general, the transformation of the celebrations and entertainment culture was a complex and multidirectional process. On the one hand, it was in line with Christian institutions, on the other, a return to «pagan» forms was often observed. Abstract concepts about the sinfulness of profane entertainment, which were transmitted by the priests, could not displace the archaic attitude towards the festive and playful sphere of life and devalue the ritual, magical and socio-cultural functions that fun and play performed in peasant society.
The Last Journey with no Return and Resurrection: Different Ways of Body and Soul in Slavic Funeral Rite. Part One: The Route of the Body
Authors: Andrunina Maria A.
Published: January 2025

According to folk beliefs, rites, taboos and corresponding mythological explanations, the death destroys the unity of body and soul, after that different parts of that union claim diverse fates and roads, proceeding either side by side or completely apart. The soul remains some time near the forsaken body, accompanies it on the way of the funeral procession to the grave, and eventually becomes one of the ancestors. First part of the paper deals with the mythological semantics and ritual symbolics of funeral processions route to the cemetery which is very different from the ordinary human ways as it has only one final destination and no return; it locks the boundaries of the space of the living by ritual transgressing all the liminal loci on its way (threshold, crossroads, water limit etc.), provides the deceased with his or her share of common goods, disposes of the dead person items and so on. This ensures successful conclusion of a funeral rite, which has to transfer the body of the deceased to the graveyard, the soul to the otherworld and prevents it from turning into an unrestful vengeful walking dead.
Sergey A. Tokarev as an Expert and his Field Diaries as an Ethnographic Source
Authors: Martynova Marina Yu.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to one of the most fascinating “episodes” in the scientific life of Sergey A. Tokarev, namely his work as an expert member of the International Commission for the Establishment of New Postwar Frontiers. This was the case when ethnographers’ knowledge was in demand not only at the state level but also at the international one. In the 40s and 50s of the last century, one of the most pressing issues of international politics was the question of the statehood of Julijska Krajina (Croatian and Slovene; Engl. The Julian March) or Venezia Giulia (Italian; Engl. Julian Venetia). Trieste is a city and a region, which is a paradigmatic case for all historians and politicians dealing with borders and minorities. The so-called “Trieste model” is often recalled when dealing with the problem of disputed territories. Today, this historic territory is divided between three states: Italy, Slovenia, and Croatia. But such a division took a long time to be established, in which different players participated. The fate of the region was decided in several stages. The main criterion for drawing the border after World War II was the ethnic composition of the population in the disputed territories. The USSR played an important role in making the decision. Sergey A. Tokarev, a prominent Russian ethnographer, was a member of the commission that drew the borders. During his foreign trips in 1946–1947, S. A. Tokarev kept diaries in which he recorded daily everything that happened to him during the day, his observations during meetings and trips to Istria and northeast Italy. The diary is written in such detail that it is a living sketch of the life in the area studied by the Commission, which conveys the difficult atmosphere of those years. That is why the diary is of interest not only to scholars but also to a wide range of readers. After returning home, S. A. Tokarev began to prepare for publication an ethnographic work based on the materials of his diary, but he did not have time to complete this work. Only recently, for the last anniversary of Sergey Aleksandrovich, thanks to the initiative of his daughter, Evgenia Sergeevna, these diaries were published.
Balancing Offshore Renewable Energy and Marine Conservation in the Blue Economy
Authors: Renaldo Nicholas , Junaedi Achmad Tavip , Suhardjo Suhardjo , Jahrizal Jahrizal , Yovita Indri , Musa Sulaiman , Cecilia Cecilia
Published: January 2025

The Blue Economy represents a sustainable approach to harnessing ocean resources for economic growth while preserving marine ecosystems. This study explores the intersection of offshore renewable energy development, particularly wind and tidal energy, and marine conservation. It highlights the significance of adopting innovative technologies, such as floating wind turbines, and emphasizes the role of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) and Ecological Modernization Theory (EMT) in balancing economic activities with environmental protection. Using qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from renewable energy companies, conservation NGOs, policymakers, and local fishing communities, this study reveals key themes related to policy gaps, innovative solutions, and the necessity of stakeholder collaboration. Findings indicate that existing regulatory frameworks often inadequately address ecological impacts, creating inconsistencies between energy development and conservation efforts. However, advancements in technology and collaborative approaches show promise for minimizing environmental disruption. The research underscores the need for stronger regulatory frameworks that integrate marine conservation into energy development plans. It advocates for community involvement in decision-making processes and the adoption of eco-friendly technologies. By aligning regulatory practices with sustainable development principles, the study presents a pathway toward achieving a balanced Blue Economy, ensuring both economic prosperity and the health of marine ecosystems for future generations. Future research areas are identified to further enhance understanding of the long-term impacts and effective management strategies in this critical field.
Advancing Digital and Technology Literacy through Qualitative Studies to Bridging the Skills Gap in the Digital Age
Authors: Junaedi Achmad Tavip , Panjaitan Harry Patuan , Yovita Indri , Veronica Kristy , Renaldo Nicholas , Jahrizal Jahrizal
Published: January 2025

The digital age has transformed the way individuals live, work, and interact, with innovations like artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT) reshaping industries and societies. This study examines the key obstacles to improving digital and technology literacy and proposes strategies to bridge this gap. The research focuses on developing economies, where socio-economic, infrastructural, and educational barriers exacerbate the digital divide. Employing a qualitative literature review, the study analyzes peer-reviewed articles, reports, and case studies to identify the main challenges and successful interventions in promoting digital literacy. The novelty of this research lies in its contextual focus on developing economies, its multi-sectoral approach involving public and private collaboration, and its emphasis on tailored, lifelong learning programs. By integrating case studies and a thematic analysis of current initiatives, this study provides actionable recommendations for advancing digital and technology literacy, enabling individuals and organizations to fully participate in an increasingly digital world. Advancing digital and technology literacy is vital for closing the skills gap in today’s digital age. Despite numerous initiatives, challenges such as limited access, resistance to change, and inadequate educational programs persist. Holistic, multi-sectoral approaches are necessary to create meaningful improvements in literacy rates, contributing to social mobility and economic development. Future studies could use a quantitative approach to measure the impact of specific interventions on digital literacy. Longitudinal research could track the effectiveness of ongoing programs in different socioeconomic settings.
Impact of Stock Split on Stock Return in Companies Listed on the India Stock Exchange
Authors: Mahmood Ahmed Ahmed A. , Jarallah Estabraq Mahmood , Ghdhaib Mohanad Ghali
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to evaluate the impact of a company's announcement, which in this case is a stock split, on the return of a company's stock listed on the Indian stock market. basing on this, the extent and significance of the effect is measured and examined through parametric and non-parametric tests. due to the aim of the paper is to test if the stock split will have a positive influence on the stock price around the implementation of the policy, we use the event study method and set regression model. In order to test the effect of the strategy, we picked estimation period and event period from each stock, and conduct regression analysis respectively. As suggested by the cumulative average AR value, the precision weighted CAAR and the ABHAR, the results imply that during the short window event of pre- and post-10 days of stock splits, the selected company have witnessed significant ARs so we reject H0 and accept H1, which suggests the presence of ARs within the event window. Similarly, other tests such as Patellz, Cross-sectional Test-t, Generalized Signz, Std. Cross-sectional Testz and Adjusted Patellz also suggest to reject H0 stating that there are ARs during the study window of the stocks splits. However, these findings are based on the 10-days event and 90-days estimation windows used for analysis and impact of the stocks splits on the stock returns of the selected company.
Dictamen abstentivo frente al deber objetivo de cumplimiento de funciones en el ejercicio fiscal
Authors: Jarrin-Vera Dayana Valeria , García-Sánchez Geoconda Del Rocío , Paucar-Paucar César Elías
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general del estudio fue analizar jurídicamente el dictamen abstentivo frente al deber objetivo de cumplimiento de funciones en el ejercicio fiscal. El método de investigación, se basó en el enfoque cualitativo, manejando la recolección y análisis de una tipología documental-bibliográfica, lo cual permitió organizar un análisis del objeto de estudio con la intención de descubrir el propósito de los investigadores. La técnica de investigación aplicada fue la entrevista; la herramienta que apoyó fue la guía de entrevista. Generándose un proceso analítico–reflexivo, contribuyendo a la generación del estado del arte. Se concluye que, uno de los más grandes desafíos que existe en el país es el déficit de garantías que salvaguarden la integridad personal de los funcionarios que conforman el sistema judicial, quienes día a día buscan hacer prevalecer los derechos de los ecuatorianos, sin embargo, su labor se ve viciada por la falta de medidas de protección.
Vulneración del derecho a la educación en las personas con síndrome de Down, Quevedo, Ecuador
Authors: Bonilla-Briones Mabel Dayanary , Molina-Mora José Fabián , Ros-Álvarez Deinier
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general de la investigación su analizar jurídicamente la vulneración del derecho a la educación en las personas con síndrome de Down, Quevedo, Ecuador. El método en la investigación, se basó en el enfoque cualitativo, manejando la recolección y análisis de una tipología documental-bibliográfica, lo cual permitió organizar un análisis del objeto de estudio con la intención de descubrir el propósito presentado por los investigadores. La técnica de investigación aplicada fue la entrevista. Generándose un proceso analítico–reflexivo, contribuyendo a la generación de la extensión del estado del arte. Se concluye que, existen programas brindados por parte del Estado para que las personas con Síndrome de Down tengan acceso a un aprendizaje de centros especializados, sin embargo, no otorgan un mismo nivel de educación que las instituciones educativas ya sean públicas o privadas.
Vulneración del derecho a la integridad personal en las mujeres montubias, Quevedo, Ecuador
Authors: Fernández-Aguilar Angélica Narcisa , Díaz-Basurto Ingrid Joselyne , Cajas-Párraga Cinthia Mariela
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente la vulneración del derecho a la integridad personal en las mujeres montubias, Quevedo, Ecuador. La investigación se desarrolló desde el paradigma positivista y desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, mediante la búsqueda, recolección y análisis crítico documental, referencial bibliográfico, en este sentido, desde un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental, los investigadores realizaron un proceso investigativo en donde la población de estudio, se fundamenta básicamente en documentos escritos como trabajos arbitrados, normas y sentencias. Lo analítico–sintético, se fundamentó en descomponer mentalmente el sistema estudiado. Se recurrió, además, al método inductivo-deductivo. Se concluye que, la vulneración del derecho a la integridad personal en las mujeres montubias en Ecuador es una realidad alarmante que evidencia la persistencia de estructuras sociales y culturales que perpetúan la discriminación y la violencia de género en comunidades marginadas. Es esencial reconocer la interseccionalidad de estas problemáticas y abordarlas.
Implicaciones legales de simular la terminación del contrato de trabajo por acuerdo de las partes
Authors: Mafla-Quiroz Doménica Milena , Díaz-Basurto Ingrid Joselyne
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente las implicaciones legales de simular la terminación del contrato de trabajo por acuerdo de las partes. La presente investigación utilizó el método cuantitativo el cual produce datos descriptivos, que se originan por la recolección de datos. Apoyado en la revisión documental-bibliográfica.  Además, se aplicó el método inductivo-deductivo y el método analítico-sintético. Se concluye que, desde la fundamentación teórica, se puede entender que la simulación de terminación individual del contrato por acuerdo de las partes, también denominada “despido simulado, terminación ficticia, fraude laboral”, es una práctica ilegal que vulnera los derechos de los empleados y genera precariedad laboral. Esta práctica se ha convertido en común en los últimos años, consiste en que el empleador y el trabajador finge dar por terminado la relación contractual por consenso, cuando en realidad el trabajador está siendo despedido sin justa causa.
Responsabilidad del heredero en el pago de las obligaciones hereditarias dentro del sistema jurídico ecuatoriano
Authors: Arévalo-Moscoso Iván Oswaldo
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general de la presente investigación fue analizar la responsabilidad del heredero en el pago de las obligaciones hereditarias dentro del sistema jurídico ecuatoriano. Se desarrolló a partir de un enfoque cuantitativo con un método descriptivo con diseño no experimental, la cual se apoyó en el análisis documental–bibliográfico. Se   realizó   una   búsqueda   bibliográfica   de   modo   metódico   de   la información existente a través de una meticulosa indagación, eligiendo y evaluando pertinentemente diferentes fuentes tales como:  legislación ecuatoriana, y de otros países, articulo científicos y textos. Se planteó además el método analítico-sintético. Se concluye que, con la muerte del causante, los herederos son responsables sobre la masa hereditaria recibida, es decir, .deben pagar las deudas y obligaciones. Dicha responsabilidad surge en el Derecho Romano, donde se consideraba al heredero como sucesor en la persona del causante y asumía una responsabilidad llamada ultra vires haereditatis.
Desarrollo sostenible y el derecho al agua: Una perspectiva global
Authors: Gaspar-Santos Manaces Esaud , Suárez-Véliz Mirian Fátima , Merino-Velásquez Jesús
Published: January 2025

El objetivo general de la investigación se orientó hacia un análisis del desarrollo sostenible y el derecho al agua: Una perspectiva global. El planteamiento realizado por el investigador para el desarrollo del método fue a partir del enfoque cuantitativo, mediante la indagación, recolección y análisis crítico documental y referencial bibliográfico, basándose en la exploración metódica, rigurosa y profunda de diversas fuentes documentales, conformadas por artículos, normas y convenios entre otros, describiendo los hallazgos encontrados. Se empleó como técnica la revisión documental. Se recurrió, además, al método inductivo-deductivo. Se concluye que, el estudio demuestra cómo el derecho al agua está estrechamente relacionado con el desarrollo sostenible, destacando la importancia de asegurar que todos tengan acceso seguro, suficiente y asequible al agua potable. Se recomienda la adopción de políticas integrales que fomenten la gestión sostenible de los recursos hídricos
Influencia de la salud mental en la calidad de vida de pacientes crónicos
Authors: Mejía-Aldaz Joceline Veronica , Yugsi-Toapanta Anderson David , Guamán-Guamán José Andrés , Donoso-Noroña Riber Fabián
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: analizar la influencia de la salud mental en la calidad de vida de pacientes crónicos en el Hospital IESS-Ambato. Método: Descriptiva observacional. Resultados: Cuando se les preguntó si su calidad de vida había disminuido desde el diagnóstico de su enfermedad crónica, el 60% respondió afirmativamente y el 40% negativamente. Conclusión: Los pacientes crónicos reportaron altos niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión, lo que afecta negativamente su calidad de vida y su capacidad para manejar su enfermedad. Por lo tanto, se recomienda implementar programas de intervención psicosocial que aborden estas necesidades y promuevan la salud mental de los pacientes crónicos.
Importancia de la lactancia en adolescentes gestantes
Authors: Cuello-Freire Guadalupe Eduvige , Chasiluisa-Sisalema Erik Mateo , Minchala-Minchala Viviana Alexandra , Muylema-Heredia Alexis Gabriel
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: determinar la importancia de la lactancia en gestantes adolescentes. Método: Descriptivo documental. Conclusión: El consumo de leche materna para el infante es de suma importancia, sin embargo, existe una fuerte tendencia a suprimir antes del tiempo beneficioso, la administración de la alimenticia, debido a múltiples factores como la desinformación, factores sociales, demográficos, psicológicos, requiriéndose contar con apoyo multidisciplinario y políticas públicas que cooperen en evitar el abandono de tan importante alimento.
Factores asociados a eventos adversos en el contexto hospitalario
Authors: Moreta-Moreta Kerly Jazmina , Chimbo-Pacheco Nataly Silvana , Chimbo-Pacheco Marilú Alexandra , Donoso-Noroña Riber Fabián
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: identificar los factores asociados a eventos adversos en el contexto hospitalario. Método: Descriptiva documental. Conclusión: Entre los factores más destacados se encuentran las deficiencias en infraestructura, carga laboral, las alteraciones en el estado de ánimo, el confinamiento a la cama y la dieta especial, las reintervenciones, las complicaciones quirúrgicas y las caídas son los factores más correlacionados con los EA, la educación de pacientes y cuidadores informales, el desarrollo de habilidades y la planificación clínica pueden ser intervenciones útiles para reducir los EA.
Seguridad del paciente y evaluación de errores en la administración de medicamentos
Authors: López-López Tatiana Micaela , Ramirez-Miguez Tania Ibett , Donoso-Noroña Riber Fabián
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: la seguridad del paciente y de errores en la administración de medicamentos en el área de cirugía de la Clínica Metropolitana de la ciudad de Ambato, Ecuador. Método: Descriptiva observacional, la población fue de 13 pacientes en el área de cirugía de la Clínica Metropolitana de la ciudad de Ambato – Ecuador. Conclusión: La implementación de medidas de prevención de errores y administración segura y eficaz de medicamentos es esencial para garantizar la calidad y calidez en la atención en la clínica, así como para cumplir con los estándares de bioseguridad y resguardar la seguridad e integridad del paciente.
Intervenciones de enfermería en la atención del paciente preoperatorio en una colecistectomía
Authors: Hidalgo-Jaitia Shirley Lizbeth , Montesdeoca-Abad Genesis Vanesa , Ortiz-Sánchez Dámaris Micaela , Gómez-Martínez Nairovys
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: describir el rol del personal enfermero en pacientes prequirúrgicos que se someten a una colecistectomía, mediante la exposición de las funciones realizadas durante la preparación del paciente. Método: Descriptivo documental. Resultados y conclusión: La enfermera es uno de los miembros indispensables del equipo quirúrgico, juega un papel importante en la preparación del paciente desde el inicio hasta el final de la intervención, es por ello por lo que constituye un elemento clave en la reducción o eliminación se efectos adversos que pueden producirse durante la asistencia en el quirófano. Cada una de las actividades de enfermería detalladas en este documento sirven como una guía para una correcta preparación del paciente, además permite asegurar buenas condiciones físicas y psico-sociales para crear un ambiente seguro tanto para el paciente como para la familia.