bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Faktor Asupan Gizi Terhadap Kejadian KEK Pada Ibu Hamil Dipuskesmas Gedeg
Authors: Murtiyasa I Wayan , Putra Putu Gana Cahya Narta , Gita Putu Wahyu Semara , Asmara Reyza Salam , Sarudji Didik
Published: September 2022

Mojokerto Regency is one of the districts with a high number of pregnant women who experience chronic energy deficiency (KEK) and continues to increase every year. Chronic energy deficiency is a nutritional problem due to lack of food consumption and energy sources containing micronutrients. Though the intake of quality nutrition in sufficient quantities is needed for the health of pregnant women and the fetus in the womb. Therefore, this study aims to analyze whether there is a relationship between nutritional intake and the incidence of KEK in pregnant women at the Gedeg Mojokerto Health Center. Where the independent variable in this study is nutritional intake in pregnant women and the dependent variable is KEK in pregnancy. The design in this study was a cross sectional survey and the population was all pregnant women in the working area of Gedeg Mojokerto Health Center with a total sample of 75 respondents. The data from this study were processed using the Chi-square statistical test which was then followed by the Odds Ratio test. And from the results of the study, it was found that there was a significant relationship between nutritional intake of pregnant women and the incidence of KEK (Chronic Energy Deficiency) in the Puskesmas Gedeg Mojokerto, this was evidenced by the acquisition of a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05) which was further emphasized. with the results of the Odds Ratio (OR) which obtained a value of25.227 (> 1), where pregnant women with poor nutritional intake had a 25.227 times greater risk of experiencing KEK (Chronic Energy Deficiency) than pregnant women with good nutritional intake.
Hubungan Asupan Gizi Anak Terhadap Stunting Pada Balita 3-5 Tahun
Authors: Wulan Dian Nawang , Sari Novi Puspita , Dewi Putu Intan Yunita , Hantana Putu Krisna Dewiyani , Khazanah Siti Nur , Sarudji Didik
Published: September 2022

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by lack of nutritional intake for a long time, resulting in growth disorders in children, namely the child's height is lower or shorter (short) than the standard age. Based on the results of basic health research (Riskesdas) in 2018, the percentage of stunting in children under five decreased by 30.8% with a percentage of 19.3% of short children and 11.5% of very short children. In East Java alone, the percentage of stunting is around 32%. Meanwhile, in Mojokerto alone, the stunting rate reachedaround 30.5%. Therefore, this study aims to analyze whether there is a relationship between children's nutritional intake and the incidence of stunting at the Puskesmas Gedeg. Where the independent variable in this study is the nutritional intake of children and the dependent variable is the incidence of stunting in toddlers. The design in this study was case control and the population was all children aged 3-5 years in the working area of the Puskesmas Gedeg, Gedeg District, Mojokerto Regency with a totalsample of 90 children under five. The data from this study were processed using the Chi-square statistical test which was then followed by the Odds Ratio test. And from the results of the study, it was found that there was a relationship between risk factors for nutritional intake of children aged 3-5 years and the incidence of stunting at the Puskesmas Gedeg, Gedeg District, Mojokerto Regency.
Hubungan antara Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah dan Lingkar Lengan Atas
Authors: Arbie Bobby Ibrahim , Wulandari Diana , Wacika I Nyoman Adi , Paramita Mendy Audian , Andiani Andiani
Published: September 2022

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is defined as a baby's weight at birth of less than 2,500 grams. LBW can also have a long-term impact on the baby's life in the future, such as experiencing mental and physical disorders at the age of infant growth and development. Measurement of upper arm circumference (MUAC) can be used as an assessment of the nutritional status of pregnant women, including chronic energy deficiency (CED) if the size of the upper arm circumference (MUAC) is less than 23.5 cm in pregnant women. Maternal nutrition during pregnancy plays an important role, because the status of chronic energy deficiency (CED) before pregnancy affects fetal growth. Seeing from the description that has been described above, the researchers are interested in conducting research related to the relationship between low birth weight babies and upper arm circumference in Kutogirang Village, Ngoro Community Health Center, Mojokerto Regency. This research is an observational quantitative research using a cross sectional research design. The data analysis used in this research is Chi-Square. There is a significant relationship between low birth weight babies and maternal upper arm circumference in Kutogirang Village, the working area of the Ngoro Health Center, Mojokerto Regency in 2020. From the OR data it can be concluded that mothers with MUAC < 23.5 cm have a 19.33 times higher risk of having children with LBW than mothers with normal MUAC.
Hubungan Tingkat Stress Dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 Dengan Angka Kejadian Gerd di Puskesmas Pandan, Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Mojokerto Pada Bulan September Tahun 2021
Authors: Syadiyah Eva Ma'rifatus , Dewi Nini Primadhani Paras Shinta , Adwitiya Kadek Cahya , Putra Gede Utama Diatmika , Noviana Ayu Cahyani
Published: September 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, it affected many people's lives, one of which had an impact on the socio-economic community. the deflation of Income and outcome causes anxiety whicheventually leads to increased stress. Stress can affect changes in the function of the digestive system where stress reduces appetite thereby increasing stomach acid, causing pain in the stomach which causes GERD. The research design used a correlation analytic design using a cross sectional approach. Determination of the population in this study using purposive random sampling and obtained a suitable data source as many as 30 research samples. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire. The data analysis method used is the Contingency Coefficient Test using SPSS. The results showed that 53.3% of respondents had GERD, and 46.7% of those who did not have GERD. Respondents with normal stress with GERD were 2 respondents (6.7%). Respondents with mild stress conditions with GERD 4 respondents (13.3%). Respondents with moderate stress conditions with GERD 2 respondents (6.7%). Respondents with severe stress conditions with GERD 8 respondents (26.7%). From the chi-square statistical test, p = 0.00 (α < 0.05) and there is a relationship between stress and the incidence of GERD. Based on the contingency coefficient test, it shows C = 0.669, meaning that the level of relationship between the influence of stress and the incidence of GERD is in the strong category.
Study of COVID-19 Monitoring System Based on Block Chain and Anonymity Techniques
Authors: Liu Chenglian , Chen Sonia C-I
Published: September 2022

Since the COVID-19 epidemic has been raging around the world, it has a great impact on people’s life and work; in addition to monitoring and controlling the epidemic situation, government departments are also facing the impact of economic downturn. The investigation of epidemic situation and the privacy of personal information often contradict each other. It is a headache for countries all over the world how to make both sides perfect. This study uses blockchain technology, combined with cryptography theory, proposes a set of epidemic monitoring information system, which has the function of anonymity. When hospitals or doctors release patient information, they do not need to worry about personal information leakage.
One-pot Double Annulations to Confer Diastereoselective Spirooxindole-pyrrolothiazoles
Authors: Lu Juan , Yao Bin , Zhan Desheng , Sun Zhuo , Ji Yun , Zhang Xiaofeng
Published: September 2022

A novel four-component reaction with pot, atom, step and economic process to synthesize diastereoselective spirooxindole-pyrrolothiazoles through sequential N, S-acetalation of aldehydes with cysteine and decarboxylative [3+2] cycloaddition with olefinic oxindoles. High synthetic efficiency, operational simplification and reaction process economy using EtOH as solvent, and only releasing CO2 and H2O as side products confer this approach favorable in green chemistry metrics analysis.
Evaluating Impact of Empagliflozin on Lipid Profile of Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wazir Nauman , Rehman Shafqat Ur
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the effect of two doses, i.e., 10 mg and 25 mg of empagliflozin, on the lipid profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with suboptimal glycemic control on maximal doses of metformin and sitagliptin.
METHODOLOGY:
The study design was a randomized, open-label clinical trial. Fifty-nine adult patients of T2DM who were already on 2000 mg of Metformin and 100 mg of Sitagliptin and were having suboptimal glycaemic control (HBA1C > 7% <12%) were randomly allocated in 1:1 ratio to two groups, one group receiving 10 mg (Group A) and the other group receiving 25 mg of Empagliflozin (Group B) as an additional treatment. Fasting lipid profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), low-density cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG), were taken before and 12 weeks after the addition of empagliflozin in both the groups.
 
RESULTS:
 
Total patients in group A were 31, and their mean age was 51.48±4.29 years. In group B, there were 28 patients, whose mean age was 52.39 ± 5.20 years. There was an increase in TC, LDL-C and HDL-C and a reduction of TG in both the groups after treatment with empagliflozin, but it was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION:
Both doses of Empagliflozin (10 and 25 mg) modestly elevates total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C and modestly reduce triglyceride levels in T2DM patients, but the change is not statistically significant.
KEYWORDS: Empagliflozin, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Total cholesterol, Low-density cholesterol, High-density cholesterol, Triglycerides
Utilization of disused airfields of Bangladesh both during peace and war
Authors: Bhuiyan Majidul
Published: September 2022

Airpower played a vital role in shaping the result of the Second World War. As a British colony, the Indian Sub-continent was targeted by Imperial Japan. The Japanese Forces came up to Myanmar (the then Burma) and their next target was the Indian sub-continent. Due to the geographical location Bangladesh (the then Bengal) was on the front line of British defense; as it was strategically important for Japan to occupy Bangladesh. As such, Bangladesh air space was highly contended by the belligerents. To support air operations, a good number of airfields were prepared by the British-led forces in the then Bengal. However, after the war, most of those airfields were abandoned. British left the region in 1947 and Bengal became part of Pakistan. Economic, strategic, and political factors did not permit the maintenance of those airfields and most were left as it was. Only Tejgaon airfield was used by Pakistanis for both civil and military aviation purposes. After the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, an effort was made to revive some of those airfields.
ANALYSIS OF LEISURE TOURISM IN PERU DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Mauricio Ingrid , Mejia Christian R. , Salinas Omar , Solano Sofia , Vicente-Ramos Wagner
Published: September 2022

This study analyzes the economic impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on leisure tourism in Peru, in terms of tourist services such as means of transportation, accommodation, city tours and restaurants. The analysis is based on the application of a survey. The cross-sectional analytical study evaluated 2,443 potential tourists of legal age from the 25 regions of Peru who intended to engage in leisure tourism during the quarantine period. Likewise, potential tourists who intended to make a trip culminating the quarantine (in the remaining time of the year 2020) were evaluated. Based on the study of people who were going to carry out local leisure tourism until the end of 2020, the estimated losses in tourist services amounted to approximately $203 dollars millions (based on a budget less than or equal to $83.00, the amount that most respondents were willing to pay for tourist services). An increase in the demand for domestic leisure tourism is expected associated with the reduction in prices of each tourist service in order to reactivate this sector economically.
Testing Lyα Emission-line Reconstruction Routines at Multiple Velocities in One System
Authors: Wilson David J. , Youngblood Allison , Toloza Odette , Drake Jeremy J. , France Kevin , Froning Cynthia S. , Gänsicke Boris T. , Redfield Seth , Wood Brian E.
Published: September 2022

The 1215.67 Å H i Lyα emission line dominates the ultraviolet flux of low-mass stars, including the majority of known exoplanet hosts. Unfortunately, strong attenuation by the interstellar medium (ISM) obscures the line core in most stars, requiring the intrinsic Lyα flux to be reconstructed based on fits to the line wings. We present a test of the widely used Lyα emission-line reconstruction code lyapy using phase-resolved, medium-resolution STIS G140M observations of the close white dwarf–M dwarf binary EG UMa. The Doppler shifts induced by the binary orbital motion move the Lyα emission line in and out of the region of strong ISM attenuation. Reconstructions of each spectrum should produce the same Lyα profile regardless of phase, under the well-justified assumption that there is no intrinsic line variability between observations. Instead, we find that the reconstructions underestimate the Lyα flux by almost a factor of 2 for the lowest velocity, most attenuated spectrum, due to a degeneracy between the intrinsic Lyα and ISM profiles. Our results imply that many stellar Lyα fluxes derived from G140M spectra reported in the literature may be underestimated, with potential consequences for, for example, estimates of extreme-ultraviolet stellar spectra and ultraviolet inputs into simulations of exoplanet atmospheres.
The Molecular Composition of Shadowed Proto-solar Disk Midplanes Beyond the Water Snowline
Authors: Notsu Shota , Ohno Kazumasa , Ueda Takahiro , Walsh Catherine , Eistrup Christian , Nomura Hideko
Published: September 2022

The disk midplane temperature is potentially affected by the dust traps/rings. The dust depletion beyond the water snowline will cast a shadow. In this study, we adopt a detailed gas-grain chemical reaction network, and investigate the radial gas and ice abundance distributions of dominant carbon-, oxygen-, and nitrogen-bearing molecules in disks with shadow structures beyond the water snowline around a proto-solar-like star. In shadowed disks, the dust grains at r ∼ 3–8 au are predicted to have more than ∼5–10 times the amount of ices of organic molecules such as H2CO, CH3OH, and NH2CHO, saturated hydrocarbon ices such as CH4 and C2H6, in addition to H2O, CO, CO2, NH3, N2, and HCN ices, compared with those in non-shadowed disks. In the shadowed regions, we find that hydrogenation (especially of CO ice) is the dominant formation mechanism of complex organic molecules. The gas-phase N/O ratios show much larger spatial variations than the gas-phase C/O ratios; thus, the N/O ratio is predicted to be a useful tracer of the shadowed region. N2H+ line emission is a potential tracer of the shadowed region. We conclude that a shadowed region allows for the recondensation of key volatiles onto dust grains, provides a region of chemical enrichment of ices that is much closer to the star than within a non-shadowed disk, and may explain to some degree the trapping of O2 ice in dust grains that formed comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. We discuss that, if formed in a shadowed disk, Jupiter does not need to have migrated vast distances.
Ultrawide Black Hole—Neutron Star Binaries as a Possible Source for Gravitational Waves and Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Michaely Erez , Naoz Smadar
Published: September 2022

The third observing run of the LIGO/Virgo/KARGA collaboration reported a few neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger events. While NSBH mergers have yet to receive extensive theoretical attention, they may have a promising electromagnetic signature in the form of short gamma-ray bursts. Here we show that NSBH dynamical mergers can naturally form from ultrawide binaries in the field. Flyby gravitational interactions with other neighbors in the galaxy in these ultrawide systems may result in high eccentricity that drives the binary into a merger. We show that this process can result in a merger rate at the order of ∼10 Gpc−3 yr−1 (∼1 Gpc−3 yr−1) for elliptical (spiral) galaxies. This channel predicts a higher merger rate with a higher velocity dispersion of the host galaxy, a delay time distribution that is steeper than uniform but shallower than 1/t, and a higher merger rate for a lower black hole to neutron star mass ratio.
Black Hole Hyperaccretion in Collapsars. III. GRB Timescale
Authors: Wei Yun-Feng , Liu Tong
Published: September 2022

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are classified into long and short populations (i.e., LGRBs and SGRBs) based on the observed bimodal distribution of duration T
90. Multimessenger observations indicate that most SGRBs and LGRBs should be powered by ultrarelativistic jets launched from black hole (BH) hyperaccretion in compact-object mergers and massive collapsars, respectively. However, the duration criterion sometimes cannot correctly reflect the physical origin of a particular GRB. In the collapsar scenario, a GRB can be observed when the jet breaks out from the envelope and circumstellar medium successfully. The observed GRB duration reflects only the time the engine operates after the jet breaks out. This work studies the propagation of jets driven by the neutrino annihilation or Blandford–Znajek mechanism in massive collapsars. The signatures of the progenitors producing LGRBs, SGRBs, and failed GRBs in the collapsar scenario are exhibited. The competition between the mass supply onto the BH hyperaccretion and jet propagation into the envelope is definitely dependent on the density profiles of the collapsars. We show that duration and isotropic energy E

γ,iso of GRBs can help constrain the density profiles of collapsars. Finally, we propose that a collapsar-origin SGRB, GRB 200826A, might originate from a neutrino-annihilation-dominated jet launched by a ~10 M
⊙ collapsar whose progenitor’s envelope has been stripped.
The Analysis of Independency Level of Elderly Having High Risk of Dementia in Surabaya Indonesia
Authors: Sya'diyah Hidayatus , Nursalam Nursalam , Mahmudah Mahmudah , Efendi Ferry , Kertapati Yoga , Rahman Firman Suryadi
Published: September 2022

Background : Elderly with dementia through a decline in degenerative brain function is characterized by a progressive loss of memory function and other cognitive abilities, the number of which is increasing in almost all countries. Dementia is a degenerative disease that requires long-term treatment, experienced by a number of the elderly population (over 60 years) (Vega SFD, 2018). Dementia can ultimately affect social activities so that in general it affects the independence of the elderly in daily activities. Methods:The research design used in this research is descriptive analytical research design. The population involved in this study is the elderly in Surabaya, Indonesia, which is also the research sample for those who meet the criteria. These criteria include the elderly who are 60 years old, the elderly who are registered at the Community Health Center or Integrated Service Post, are diagnosed with dementia, do not include confirmed cases of COVID-19, live with family, have family members with a minimum high school education of at least 20 years, have and is able to operate Android mobile media, and does not suffer from complications. The sampling technique used in this study was simple random sampling with 100 respondents.
 
Result : there are three levels of independence for the elderly with dementia, namely low independence as many as 35 respondents (35%), moderate independence as many as 51 respondents (51%), and high independence as many as 14 respondents (14%). These results are influenced by the characteristics of the elderly, family factors, and health services.
Conclusion : Furthermore, most of the level of independence of the elderly is moderate independence. It is hoped that the elderly can increase their level of independence. The role of various lines is needed to support this including families and health workers, but the role of the elderly itself is also an important point to increase the independence of the elderly.
The Effectiveness of Peer Counseling for Postpartum Mothers to Increase Breastfeeding Success
Authors: Safa'ah Nurus , Karyo Karyo
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: To realize the optimal growth and development of the baby, ideally the mother should only give breast milk, from immediately after giving birth until the baby is 6 months old, which is commonly known as exclusive breastfeeding. However, the facts on the ground show that many mothers fail to give breast milk to their babies, so an effective solution is needed.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of peer counseling for postpartum mothers in order to increase the success of breastfeeding in the working area of Jenu Health Center, Tuban Regency, Indonesia.

METHODS: This study was an experimental study that applied a static group comparison design. The research subjects were 18 postpartum mothers who were selected by simple random sampling technique, then divided into a treatment group that received peer counseling and a control group, each consisting of 9 postpartum mothers. For both groups, breastfeeding success was measured by means of observation. Furthermore, the difference in breastfeeding success between the two groups was tested using an independent sample t-test.

RESULTS: The results of data analysis showed that the mean of successful breastfeeding in the treatment group was higher (77.31%), while the control group was lower (72.22%). The results of the independent sample t-test showed t = 3.731082, with p value = 0.00278070, so it could be interpreted that there was a significant difference in breastfeeding success between postpartum mothers who received and did not receive peer counseling.

CONCLUSION: Furthermore, it can be concluded that peer counseling is effective in increasing the success of breastfeeding by postpartum mothers in the working area of Jenu Health Center, Tuban Regency.
Factor Analysis of Interteam Collaboration Process for Family Planning Program (Longitudinal Prospective Time Series Design)
Authors: Prasetyorini Anif , Rochmah Thinni Nurul , Suhariadi Fendy , Djunawan Achmad , Drastyana Serlly
Published: September 2022

Background. The success of Family Planning (FP) program is strongly determined by a collaboration process of two organizations responsible in managing the program. There has not any collaboration concept discussing the program within team level but belonging to different organizations.
Objective. To conduct factor analysis of interteam collaboration process in cross-organization for family planning.
Methods. This was a quantitative study with a longitudinal prospective time series design conducted at the public health center and the family planning extension worker team in Lamongan. Interteam collaboration data were obtained by questionnaires for three months and analyzed by factor analysis utilizing SPSS program.
Results. Factor analysis in interteam collaboration resulted in KMO value and Bartlett’s test > 0.5 with 0.000 significance and MSA value in Anti Image Metrics > 0.5.  The result of variable extraction process and factor rotation, with eigen value was 1.661. The cumulative total variety value was 83.057%.  Shared value (shared structural dimensions and shared team autonomy) and mutual benefit indicators could explain interteam collaboration variables.
Conclusion. This study demonstrated that interteam collaboration process was an three factor, effort for shared structural dimensions and shared team autonomy process by considering mutual benefit of interteam belonging to different organizations.
 
Keyword:  interteam, collaboration,  time series, program
Phylogenetic position of the relict South American genus Idiopyrgus Pilsbry, 1911 (Gastropoda, Truncatelloidea), with the description of two new cave species
Authors: Salvador Rodrigo B. , Silva Fernanda S. , Bichuette Maria E.
Published: September 2022

Idiopyrgus is a relict genus of freshwater snails from Brazil traditionally classified in the family Pomatiopsidae. Herein, we use molecular data from newly acquired specimens to test that classification through Bayesian inference phylogenetic analysis. We conclude that Idiopyrgus belongs in the Gondwanan family Tomichiidae, together with the African genus Tomichia and the Australian genus Coxiella. Furthermore, we reassess currently synonymized genus- and species-level names in Idiopyrgus. The genera Hydracme and Aquidauania are considered synonymous with Idiopyrgus. The species I. brasiliensis and I. pilsbryi are restored as accepted species; I. walkeri is considered a taxon inquirendum. Two new species from caves in Bahia state are described herein: Idiopyrgus adamanteussp. nov. and Idiopyrgus minorsp. nov.
Transfer of learning in young children: Magic digital or similarity-based?
Authors: T. Mombo Wilfried , Clerc Jérôme
Published: September 2022

Contexte. On dispose de peu d’informations sur le transfert d’une procédure de résolution de problèmes présentés sur des supports différents, en particulier entre les objets tangibles et la tablette numérique. Méthode. Cent trois enfants âgés de 6 à 7 ans ont résolu une première version de la Tour de Hanoï présentée soit sur support tangible, soit sur support numérique, puis ont résolu une seconde version également présentée soit sur un support tangible, soit sur un support numérique. Nous avons également mesuré l’inhibition cognitive des participants, car elle peut jouer un rôle dans le transfert. Résultats. Le transfert de la procédure s’accompagnait d’une baisse de performances. Cette baisse était suivie d’un regain de performances dans les essais suivants. La performance au premier essai de transfert était meilleure dans la condition numérique-numérique par rapport à la condition tangible-numérique. Les scores d’inhibition prédisaient significativement les performances au transfert. Conclusion. Le transfert d’apprentissage est favorisé par la similarité des supports de présentation et non par le numérique en soi et l’inhibition cognitive prédit les performances au transfert.
Psychological Impact of Caregiving for Children With Eye Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pur Daiana Roxana , Cirone Katrina Domenica , Iordanous Yiannis , Sharan Sapna , Malvankar-Mehta Monali S.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

To identify and characterize the psychological impact of caregiving for children with eye disease. Awareness of the caregiving experience and insight into the factors related to caregiver burden is necessary to support high-quality ophthalmic care and develop supportive interventions.

Methods:

The databases MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar were queried up to June 25, 2021. Studies included assessed the psychological impact of providing care to children with eye diseases. A risk of bias assessment was performed according to the Modified Downs and Black Checklist. Demographic data and measures of burden were extracted and tabulated.

Results:

A total of 2,823 articles were screened, 28 underwent data extraction, and 7 were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis indicated significant levels of burden (40% mild, 95% CI: [0.28 to 0.53]; 59% moderate, 95% CI: [0.36 to 0.82]; 7% severe, 95% CI: [0.02 to 0.11]) and depression (26% mild, 95% CI: [0.17 to 0.35]; 8% moderate, 95% CI: [0.03 to 0.14]); 11% severe, 95% CI:[0.03 to 0.10]). Interventions such as educational programs, life skills training programs, and other home-based early intervention programs were shown to improve psychological well-being of families.

Conclusions:

Caregivers experience significant levels of burden and depression, which may, in turn, affect the level of ophthalmic care they can provide for their children. Further studies investigating educational or psychological interventions for parents are needed, because the small number of studies that investigated these types of interventions have reported reduced parental stress and improved well-being.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(4):238–247.]
Association of Pediatric Strabismus and Functional Impairment: A Cross-sectional Nationwide Analysis
Authors: Cheng Brian T. , Kim Anne B. , Nadimpalli Sameera , Pineles Stacy L. , Kurup Sudhi P.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

To examine the association of childhood strabismus with functional limitation to identify particular domains of impairment.

Methods:

The authors analyzed 201 children ages 5 to 17 years with strabismus enrolled in the 1996–2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys, representative annual surveys of the U.S. population. Functional impairment was assessed using the Columbia Impairment Scale (CIS), a validated measure of behavioral and psychosocial functioning. A CIS score of 16 or greater defined clinically significant functional impairment. Multivariate regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, household income, geographic location, and insurance type were constructed to examine the association of strabismus diagnosis with overall impairment and individual domains of function.

Results:

Children diagnosed as having strabismus had higher rates of clinically significant functional impairment compared to those without strabismus (15.1% vs 9.1%, adjusted odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.82 [1.11 to 2.97],
P
= .02). Moreover, strabismus diagnosis was associated with higher rates of problems with getting along with their mother (1.70 [1.21 to 2.40],
P
= .003) and father (1.66 [1.16 to 2.38],
P
= .006), getting along with other children (1.67 [1.16 to 2.40],
P
= .006), behavior at home (1.94 [1.37 to 2.74],
P
= .0002), staying out of trouble (1.52 [1.04 to 2.23],
P
= .03), nervousness (1.49 [1.05 to 2.11],
P
= .02), and getting involved with sports and hobbies (1.55 [1.03 to 2.34],
P
= .04).

Conclusions:

Childhood strabismus is associated with 1.8-fold greater odds of clinically significant functional impairment, with greater dysfunction in specific relationship and behavioral domains. Functional burden may be an important consideration in management decisions.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(4):268–276.]
Comparison between different Intensities of Rainfall to identify overflow points in a combined sewer system using Storm Water Management Model
Authors: Ibrahim RAHMOUN , Saâdia BENMAMAR , Mohamed RABEHI
Published: September 2022

Increasing urbanization related to land pressure and the soil arising from it are aggravating factors of flood risk in urban areas, including storm water runoff. Therefore, urban sanitation networks face an excess of water that exceeds their absorption capacity. This article deals with the effect of impermeability in densely populated urban areas and the function of a combined sewer system under higher rainfall intensities using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The objective is to simulate a possible increase in rainfall intensities for reducing overflow points in the combined sewage system at the study area, which was the city of Ahmed Rachdi, Mila in Algeria. The excessive rainfall intensities were modeled using the SWMM software program to estimate maximum water volumes inside the combined sewage system of the study area. To evaluate the model's performance, a comparison process was used between the values of the flow rates of the pipelines of the sewerage system combined with the design flow rates in the current state and the flow rates of a single modeling of future events available during the study interval. The comparison results showed a good and convergent performance for these models. The results of the flooding volumes using different values of rainfall intensities and different return periods, which were 2, 5, 10 and 25 years, in the modeling of the combined sewage system are 3626, 6888, 8636 and 12676m3, respectively. The suggested scenario included increasing diameters of some pipes in the combined sewage system pipelines. The results using this scenario showed reductions in the total percentage of overflow points from the integrated sewage system of 52.42%, 40.63%, 31.83% and 20.51% using the rainfall intensities for the return periods of 2, 5, 10 and 25 years, respectively. The present study can provide technical support for using software in the planning, controlling and tests of the sewer systems, which contribute to solving the sewer systems' problems.
Tapping stream tracking model using computer vision and deep learning to minimize slag carry-over in basic oxygen furnace
Authors: Hong Dae-Geun , Han Woong-Hee , Yim Chang-Hee
Published: September 2022

This paper describes a system that can automatically determine the result of the slag dart input to the converter during tapping of basic oxygen furnace (BOF), by directly observing and tracking the behavior of the pouring molten steel at the tapping hole after the dart is injected. First, we propose an algorithm that detects and tracks objects, then automatically calculates the width of the tapping stream from slag-detection system (SDS) images collected in real time. Second, we develop a time-series model that can determine whether the slag dart was properly seated on the tap hole; this model uses the sequential width and brightness data of the tapping stream. To test the model accuracy, an experiment was performed using SDS data collected in a real BOF. When the number of sequential images was 11 and oversampling was 2:1, the classification accuracy in the test data set was 99.61%. Cases of success and failure of dart injection were quantified in connection with operation data such as ladle weight and tilt angle. A pilot system was constructed; it increases the reliability of prevention of slag carry-over during tapping, and can reduce the operator's workload by as much as 30%. This system can reduce the secondary refining cost by reducing the dart-misclassification rate, and thereby increase the productivity of the steel mill. Finally, the system can contribute to real-time process control and management by automatically linking the task of determining the input of darts to the work of minimizing slag carry-over in a BOF.
Existence and stability results of a plate equation with nonlinear damping and source term
Authors: Al-Gharabli Mohammad M. , Al-Mahdi Adel M.
Published: September 2022

The main goal of this work is to investigate the following nonlinear plate equation

   \begin{document}$ u_{tt}+\Delta ^2 u +\alpha(t) g(u_t) = u \vert u\vert ^{\beta}, $\end{document}

which models suspension bridges. Firstly, we prove the local existence using Faedo-Galerkin method and Banach fixed point theorem. Secondly, we prove the global existence by using the well-depth method. Finally, we establish explicit and general decay results for the energy of solutions of the problem. Our decay results depend on the functions $ \alpha $ and $ g $ and obtained without any restriction growth assumption on $ g $ at the origin. The multiplier method, properties of the convex functions, Jensen's inequality and the generalized Young inequality are used to establish the stability results.
Does human capital investment influence unemployment rate in Bangladesh: a fresh analysis
Authors: Mimi Mahinur Begum , Haque Md. Ahasan Ul , Kibria Md. Golam
Published: September 2022

This study looks at how Bangladesh's human capital investment has affected unemployment from 1995 to 2019. To identify the study's unit root, we employed the ADF and PP tests. The short- term and long-term impacts of human capital investment on unemployment are estimated using the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model. The presence or absence of cointegration is assessed using the ARDL bound cointegration test. The Pairwise Granger Causality test, in contrast, is used to ascertain whether there exist causal relationships between variables. The study's findings demonstrate that government health spending on human capital has a significant impact on Bangladesh's long-term unemployment rate. Government spending on education and the unemployment rate are causally related in a single direction, according to the Pairwise Granger test. In the short term, the analysis showed no discernible relationship between human capital investment and unemployment rates. To build a healthy nation and eventually lower Bangladesh's unemployment rate, it is urged that the government should increase health spending and strengthen the health sector. To connect education with employment, the government may give vocational and career-focused education equal weight with general education.
« L’île Mystérieuse », Reflet d’un conflit philosophique ?
Authors: Acot Pascal
Published: September 2022

Texte de la conférence donnée dans le cadre de la journée Jules Verne ou « la science en drame », organisée le 4 mars 2005 au Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Nantes par le Centre François Viète.
L’astronomie à la niche. Sur la patrimonialisation de l’observatoire de Paris, 1900-1930
Authors: Saint-Martin Arnaud
Published: September 2022

La patrimonialisation des établissements scientifiques est un phénomène récent. Versant quelques pièces à ce dossier, le présent article montre comment dans les années 1920 l’Observatoire de Paris est devenu, volens nolens, un monument national de plein droit. La requalification de ce bien immobilier rare intervient à un moment où émerge le concept juridique de « monument historique » et le système d’attentes cultu(r)elles qui lui est associé. Saisie de l’intérieur, c’est-à-dire du point de vue des astronomes de l’Observatoire, la patrimonialisation n’est cependant pas sans susciter une forme d’ambivalence, sinon d’embarras. Bien que collectivement désirée (pour des raisons qu’on identifiera), la conservation d’un des plus prestigieux monuments de la science française n’entraîne pas moins aussi une forme de sanctuarisation. En sorte que les astronomes occupent un lieu dont le nouveau statut ne laisse pas d’interroger.
An Overview of Phytochemicals, Key Classes, Their Importance, and Current Update
Authors: Gautam Shraddha , Dwivedi Manish Kumar
Published: September 2022

Bioactive phytochemicals play an essential role in the healthcare system globally. The bioactive phytoconstituents (primary and secondary metabolites) are produced mainly through plants/parts. The phytochemicals are categorized into major classes such as diterpenoids, flavone, flavanols, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics, and tannins, which can help to prevent infectious diseases and non-infectious diseases. Phytochemicals are the key source due to biological activity and availability in the pharmaceutical industry. In this chapter, the authors have discussed phytochemicals, their history, key groups of phytochemicals, and their applications.
Status Natural Compounds of Medicinal Plants, Herbs, and Spices
Authors: Butnariu Monica , Grozea Ioana
Published: September 2022

Medicinal plants and herbs and spices' (MPHSs) cell metabolism, represented by numerous biochemical reactions, is subject to various studies aimed at clarifying certain sequences of biochemical reactions, the connections between different metabolic pathways, the way of regulation, and secondary compounds (SMs). Metabolic products, natural organic compounds (NOCs), are essential for the proper functioning of the MPHSs organism and everything that exists at certain stages of its development. Among the SMs, a significance of the accumulated hormones intensifies the case of cellular or physiological stress caused by abiotic environmental factors (variations in temperature, light), lack of NOCs in the environment, or the attack of pathogens. In the strange biosynthesis of this knowledge and its role in MPHSs life, there are many fewer elucidated aspects regarding the genes involved in the biosynthesis of SMs and the role of encoded enzymes in MPHSs metabolism. This chapter explores the natural compounds of medicinal plants.
Ethno-Botanical Survey Review
Authors: Dahl Stefan
Published: September 2022

The chapter is a review on ethno-botanical studies on medicinal trees of the biotype Sertão, which comprises 80% areal of Pernambuco, Brazil. Since 1990, interest for natural remedies has grown rapidly. The main reason is the development of antibiotic resistance. Another fact driving this interest is the cost for developing secure, active, non-harming medicines by working through organic syntheses. The scope of this review is to throw light on the huge treasure of public knowledge in applying herbs, trees, and shrubs for the cure of many diseases. The consciousness of what nature can deliver practically free of costs and labor goes back for generations, transmitted within the tribes and between neighbors. Activities, toxicology, side-effects are all empirically gained wisdom. The Sertão has tropical climate and a diversified flora. The review is on trees containing valuable second metabolites which have physiological curing activity. This review may attract interest for inter-college collaboration within the scope of drug design guided by ethno-knowledge.
Techniques for the Isolation of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Malik Anjali , Singh Harvijay
Published: September 2022

Natural bioactive compounds are the class of compounds that originates from the natural plant-based sources and possess great promise to develop effective small molecule and drug therapies. Attributed to the chemical diversity that is present in the bioactive compounds from plants, they provide immense opportunity for the development of new drug leads targeted towards different conditions in humans. These compounds have gained enormous recognition in recent years as they are generally considered safe and eco-friendly and due to their significant medicinal properties like anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, immune-stimulatory, anti-microbial, and antioxidant. This chapter deals with the detailed methods of isolation and purification of the bioactive compounds alongside the recent advances in the technology which will serve as a useful resource for the scientists in different fields to distinguish between the different technologies and thereby identifying the most efficient technique for the isolation and purification leading to generation of high yields with lower cost.
A 44-year-old stone worker with progressive dyspnea: lessons from a new twist on an old foe
Authors: Manglani Ravi , Akbar Sara , Beasley Marybeth , Epelbaum Oleg
Published: September 2022

Silicosis is typically an indolent lung disease caused by long-standing occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica, classically in professions such as sandblasting and mining.  An increasingly popular industry that has earned particular interest because of its association with silicosis is customization and installation of artificial stone countertops for domestic applications. In addition to causing a spike in cases of chronic and accelerated silicosis, both quite familiar to respiratory clinicians, outbreaks of artificial stone silicosis have brought to the fore a historically rare entity known as acute silicosis, or silicoproteinosis, a more rapid presentation of the disease. Failure to suspect this uncommon condition can lead to diagnostic confusion and therefore ineffective treatment as was true initially of the patient we describe herein.  The case description is followed by a clinical, radiological, and pathological overview of acute artificial stone silicosis (or silicoproteinosis), which is an emerging pneumoconiosis with sparse coverage in the literature to date.  This case also adds to the few existing reports on the use of therapeutic whole lung lavage for silicoproteinosis.
A novel onlay urethroplasty for hypospadias with mild chordee after degloving: modified for complete removal of scar tissue underlying the urethral plate and for long-term outcomes
Authors: Huang Li-Qu , Ge Zheng , Wang Li-Xia , Li Xiao-Yu , Deng Yong-Ji , Guo Yun-Fei , Ma Geng
Published: September 2022

Urethral plate (UP)-preserving urethroplasty is simple and has few complications, but it may affect the development of penis in the long term and lead to recurrent chordee. In this study, we used obliquely cut UP to repair hypospadias with mild chordee after degloving (15°–30°) and compared the results with onlay urethroplasty to explore its rationality and feasibility. Between April 2018 and October 2020, 108 hypospadias patients underwent onlay urethroplasty or modified onlay urethroplasty. Clinical data were prospectively collected, and medium-term outcomes were assessed at follow-up. The complications were compared between the two groups. Forty-four patients underwent the modified onlay procedure (Group I), with follow-up time (mean ± standard deviation [s.d.]) of 23.2 ± 4.5 (range: 17–31) months. Sixty-four patients underwent a standard onlay procedure (Group II), with follow-up time (mean ± s.d.) of 39.7 ± 3.9 (range: 32–46) months. There was no difference in age at surgery. The urethral defect length and operative time were longer in Group I. Six cases of fistula and one case each of stricture and diverticulum were reported in Group I. In Group II, 11 cases of fistula and one case each of stricture and diverticulum were reported. The complication rates were 18.2% and 20.3% in Group I and Group II, respectively (P > 0.05). These medium-term follow-up results demonstrate that the modified onlay procedure (oblique cut UP urethroplasty) is a safe and feasible technique for hypospadias with mild chordee after degloving. Compared with standard onlay urethroplasty, this modified procedure is conducive to the complete removal of scar tissue underlying the UP without increasing the risk of surgical complications.
Serum estradiol levels decrease after oophorectomy in transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy
Authors: Kumar Sahil , Bertin Elise , O’Dwyer Cormac , Khorrami Amir , Wassersug Richard , Mukherjee Smita , Mehra Neeraj , Dahl Marshall , Genoway Krista , Kavanagh Alexander G
Published: September 2022

Transmasculine individuals, considering whether to undergo total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy, have the option to have a concomitant oophorectomy. While studies have evaluated hormone changes following testosterone therapy initiation, most of those patients have not undergone oophorectomy. Data are currently limited to support health outcomes regarding the decision to retain or remove the ovaries. We performed a retrospective chart review of transmasculine patients maintained on high-dose testosterone therapy at a single endocrine clinic in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Twelve transmasculine individuals who underwent bilateral oophorectomy and had presurgical and postsurgical serum data were included. We identified 12 transmasculine subjects as controls, who were on testosterone therapy and did not undergo oophorectomy, but additionally matched to the first group by age, testosterone dosing regimen, and body mass index. There was a statistically significant decrease in the estradiol levels of case subjects postoophorectomy, when compared to presurgical estradiol levels (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference between baseline estradiol levels between control and case subjects; however, the difference in estradiol levels at follow-up measurements was significant (P = 0.03). Total testosterone levels did not differ between control and case subjects at baseline and follow-up (both P > 0.05). Our results demonstrate that oophorectomy further attenuates estradiol levels below what is achieved by high-dose exogenous testosterone alone. Correlated clinical outcomes, such as impacts on bone health, were not available. The clinical implications of oophorectomy versus ovarian retention on endocrinological and overall health outcomes are currently limited.