bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Концепт БОГОРОДИЦА в украинской и польской языковых картинах мира
Authors: Сукаленко [Sukalenko] Татьяна [Tat′iana] Николаевна [Nikolaevna] , Ладыняк [Ladyniak] Наталия [Nataliia] Богдановна [Bogdanovna]
Published: August 2022

The Concept MOTHER OF GOD in the Ukrainian and Polish Linguistic Worldviews This article brings a comparative analysis of the concept MOTHER OF GOD (Bohorodytsia/Bogurodzica) as represented in the Ukrainian and Polish linguistic worldviews. Basing on the data of different types of dic-tionaries of the Ukrainian and Polish languages, folklore texts and artistic discourse, the study identifies the means of its verbalisation in Ukrainian and Polish and their similar and distinctive features. The results of lexicographic analysis indicate that the definitions of this concept in the two languages are the closest in content in the categories Bozha Matir and Matka Boża ‘the name of Christ’s Mother in Christian faith’. In modern explanatory dictionaries of the Ukrainian language the lexeme Bohorodytsia ‘Mother of God’ is primary, neutral, while the dictionaries of the Polish language list a combination of lexemes Matka Boża in this function.In Ukrainian and Polish ethnocultures Bohorodytsia / Matka Boża means ‘caring, loving mother, mother of all people, defender of the disadvantaged’. The analysis of Ukrainian and Polish artistic discourse revealed the metaphorical use of lexical units Bohorodytsia/Bogurodzica for denoting the concept MOTHER OF GOD, reflecting the ethnocultural specifics of the individual characteristics of the writers’ worldview. Pojęcie BOGURODZICA w ukraińskim i polskim językowym obrazie świata W artykule została przeprowadzona analiza porównawcza pojęcia BOGURODZICA, przedstawionego w ukraińskim i polskim językowym obrazie świata. Na podstawie materiałów różnego rodzaju słowników języka ukraińskiego i polskiego, tekstów folklorystycznych i dyskursu artystycznego zostały zidentyfikowane sposoby jego werbalizacji w języku ukraińskim i polskim, zostały ustalone cechy analogiczne i dystynktywne. Analiza leksykograficzna wykazała, że definicje pojęcia w języku ukraińskim i polskim są najbardziej podobne pod względem treści w kategoriach Божа Матір i Matka Boża – ‘u chrześcijan nazwa matki Chrystusa’. We współczesnych słownikach objaśniających języka ukraińskiego podstawowym i neutralnym jest leksem Богородиця, podczas gdy w słownikach języka polskiego do tego celu służy kombinacja leksemów Matka Boża.W etnokulturze ukraińskiej i polskiej Богородиця / Matka Boża to ‘troskliwa, kochająca matka, matka wszystkich ludzi, obrończyni pokrzywdzonych’. Analiza ukraińskiego i polskiego dyskursu artystycznego pokazała użycie metaforycznych jednostek leksykalnych do określenia pojęcia BOGURODZICA, odzwierciedlających etnokulturową specyfikę cech indywidualnych światopoglądu pisarzy.
Improving Arctic Weather and Seasonal Climate Prediction: Recommendations for Future Forecast Systems Evolution from the European Project APPLICATE
Authors: Ortega Pablo , Blockley Edward W. , Køltzow Morten , Massonnet François , Sandu Irina , Svensson Gunilla , Acosta Navarro Juan C. , Arduini Gabriele , Batté Lauriane , Bazile Eric , Chevallier Matthieu , Cruz-García Rubén , Day Jonathan J. , Fichefet Thierry , Flocco Daniela , Gupta Mukesh , Hartung Kerstin , Hawkins Ed , Hinrichs Claudia , Magnusson Linus , Moreno-Chamarro Eduardo , Pérez-Montero Sergio , Ponsoni Leandro , Semmler Tido , Smith Doug , Sterlin Jean , Tjernström Michael , Välisuo Ilona , Jung Thomas
Published: August 2022

The Arctic environment is changing, increasing the vulnerability of local communities and ecosystems, and impacting its socio-economic landscape. In this context, weather and climate prediction systems can be powerful tools to support strategic planning and decision-making at different time horizons. This article presents several success stories from the H2020 project APPLICATE on how to advance Arctic weather and seasonal climate prediction, synthesizing the key lessons learned throughout the project and providing recommendations for future model and forecast system development.
The Distinct Influence of Two Madden–Julian Trajectory Classes on the South American Dipole
Authors: Díaz Nicolás , Barreiro Marcelo , Rubido Nicolás
Published: August 2022

The South American dipole (SAD) is the main mode of rainfall variability at the intraseasonal time scale in South America. Its phases, determined by wet/dry conditions over the South Atlantic convergence zone (SACZ) and southeastern South America (SESA) regions, have been related to extreme precipitation and droughts across South America, but are yet to be fully understood and predicted. In this work, we study the intraseasonal predictability of the SAD in relation with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in the December–March (DJFM) season. We show that significant predictability windows for the SAD’s extreme states emerge up to 10–20 days after the MJO is found in phase 2. In particular, we introduce a classification of MJO trajectories based on the RMM index, defining long and intense (LIT) and not long and intense (NLIT) sets of trajectories. These sets bear resemblances to MJO events that are able or unable to propagate beyond the Maritime Continent, respectively. Moreover, we show that they influence differently over the SAD’s predictability. While both sets present similar tropical–extratropical teleconnections, the LIT set presents a more intense and persistence tropical–tropical teleconnection. Because of this, there is a set-independent predictability for the SESA region, influenced by both tropical and extratropical teleconnections, and a LIT dependency for the SACZ predictability, influenced mainly by the presence of the tropical–tropical teleconnection. Overall, our work contributes to the intraseasonal predictability of SAD phases and understanding its relationship with MJO events.
Investigating the Role of Snow Water Equivalent on Streamflow Predictability during Drought
Authors: Modi Parthkumar A. , Small Eric E. , Kasprzyk Joseph , Livneh Ben
Published: August 2022

Snowpack provides the majority of predictive information for water supply forecasts (WSFs) in snow-dominated basins across the western United States. Drought conditions typically accompany decreased snowpack and lowered runoff efficiency, negatively impacting WSFs. Here, we investigate the relationship between snow water equivalent (SWE) and April–July streamflow volume (AMJJ-V) during drought in small headwater catchments, using observations from 31 USGS streamflow gauges and 54 SNOTEL stations. A linear regression approach is used to evaluate forecast skill under different historical climatologies used for model fitting, as well as with different forecast dates. Experiments are constructed in which extreme hydrological drought years are withheld from model training, that is, years with AMJJ-V below the 15th percentile. Subsets of the remaining years are used for model fitting to understand how the climatology of different training subsets impacts forecasts of extreme drought years. We generally report overprediction in drought years. However, training the forecast model on drier years, that is, below-median years (P15, P57.5], minimizes residuals by an average of 10% in drought year forecasts, relative to a baseline case, with the highest median skill obtained in mid- to late April for colder regions. We report similar findings using a modified National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) procedure in nine large Upper Colorado River basin (UCRB) basins, highlighting the importance of the snowpack–streamflow relationship in streamflow predictability. We propose an “adaptive sampling” approach of dynamically selecting training years based on antecedent SWE conditions, showing error reductions of up to 20% in historical drought years relative to the period of record. These alternate training protocols provide opportunities for addressing the challenges of future drought risk to water supply planning.

Significance Statement

Seasonal water supply forecasts based on the relationship between peak snowpack and water supply exhibit unique errors in drought years due to low snow and streamflow variability, presenting a major challenge for water supply prediction. Here, we assess the reliability of snow-based streamflow predictability in drought years using a fixed forecast date or fixed model training period. We critically evaluate different training protocols that evaluate predictive performance and identify sources of error during historical drought years. We also propose and test an “adaptive sampling” application that dynamically selects training years based on antecedent SWE conditions providing to overcome persistent errors and provide new insights and strategies for snow-guided forecasts.
Surface Quasigeostrophic Turbulence in Variable Stratification
Authors: Yassin Houssam , Griffies Stephen M.
Published: August 2022

Numerical and observational evidence indicates that, in regions where mixed layer instability is active, the surface geostrophic velocity is largely induced by surface buoyancy anomalies. Yet, in these regions, the observed surface kinetic energy spectrum is steeper than predicted by uniformly stratified surface quasigeostrophic theory. By generalizing surface quasigeostrophic theory to account for variable stratification, we show that surface buoyancy anomalies can generate a variety of dynamical regimes depending on the stratification’s vertical structure. Buoyancy anomalies generate longer-range velocity fields over decreasing stratification and shorter-range velocity fields over increasing stratification. As a result, the surface kinetic energy spectrum is steeper over decreasing stratification than over increasing stratification. An exception occurs if the near-surface stratification is much larger than the deep-ocean stratification. In this case, we find an extremely local turbulent regime with surface buoyancy homogenization and a steep surface kinetic energy spectrum, similar to equivalent barotropic turbulence. By applying the variable stratification theory to the wintertime North Atlantic, and assuming that mixed layer instability acts as a narrowband small-scale surface buoyancy forcing, we obtain a predicted surface kinetic energy spectrum between k−4/3 and k−7/3, which is consistent with the observed wintertime k−2 spectrum. We conclude by suggesting a method of measuring the buoyancy frequency’s vertical structure using satellite observations.
New Cancer-Related Symptoms Predict Recurrence in CA19-9 Non-Expressers After Resection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Amburn Thomas , Davenport Daniel , Patel Reema , Moss Jessica , Pandalai Prakash , Kim Joseph , Cavnar Michael
Published: August 2022

Introduction

CA19-9 elevation has been reported to predict recurrence after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), although only two-thirds of patients are expressers. Preoperatively, cancer-related symptoms predict outcome; however, it is unknown whether symptoms predict recurrence during surveillance, particularly for CA19-9 non-expressers.

Methods

Patients undergoing resection of PDAC at our institution from 2012 to 21 (n = 165) were retrospectively reviewed for CA19-9 and symptoms, which were correlated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression.

Results

During postoperative surveillance, CA19-9 elevation and development of symptoms (abdominal pain, weight loss, or jaundice) were associated with worse RFS ( P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that both symptoms and CA19-9 were independently predictive of RFS (HR 1.8 [1.1-2.9; P = .025] and 2.5 [1.0-6.0; P = .048]). Among CA19-9 non-expressers (n = 51), development of symptoms was associated with detection of recurrence ( P = .012).

Conclusions

Among CA19-9 non-expressers, development of symptoms predicted recurrence, providing a useful tool for recurrence detection in these patients.
The improvised language of solidarity: Linguistic practices in the participatory labour-organizing processes of multi-ethnic migrant workers
Authors: Cioce Gabriella , Korczynski Marek , Però Davide
Published: August 2022

There are considerable language barriers facing the potential collective labour organization of multi-ethnic migrant workers. From the research literature, we know little about linguistic practices that might overcome these barriers. Based on an ethnographic study of the participatory organizing of S.I. Cobas multi-ethnic migrant workers in the Italian logistics sector, we point to three linguistic practices that help overcome language barriers – translation, lingua franca and humour. We theorize these three linguistic practices as constituting an ‘improvised language of solidarity’. We argue that an improvised language of solidarity develops from, and can significantly support, participatory organizing.
Canada’s cross-Pacific relations: From Asia-Pacific to Indo-Pacific
Authors: Benjamin Jacob
Published: August 2022

This essay proposes a periodization of Canada’s cross-Pacific relations: from the Asia-Pacific era beginning in the 1980s to the Indo-Pacific era beginning around 2018. In the era of the Asia-Pacific, Canada was relatively disengaged on matters other than economic relations, as Ottawa sought to capitalize on dynamic emerging markets. Canada’s non-confrontational approach enabled a constructive relationship with China. The conditions for this functional relationship changed as Xi Jinping’s China assumed a more overtly revisionist, risk-taking, and confrontational foreign policy. In light of this, like-minded players in Asian security have adopted the “Indo-Pacific” nomenclature and concept in order to facilitate more interaction with each other and maintain maritime security. Midway through the Trudeau government’s tenure, the “Indo-Pacific” is likewise being adopted, as relations between China have soured while relations with other Asian partners are increasingly prioritized, notably in the security domain.
Farmers’ Attitudes Towards Conventional and Organic Farming in Indian Punjab: A Behavioural Analysis
Authors: Singh Paramjit , Kaur Jaspreet
Published: August 2022

This study is an attempt to identify the socioeconomic factors that affect farmers’ decision-making process regarding the adoption of organic farming. A total of 100 (50 organic and 50 conventional) farmers were interviewed and their demographic, socioeconomic and ecological behaviour differences were studied. The behavioural analysis identified education, environmental concerns and social benefits as the prominent drivers of organic farming, while lack of government support in marketing, managerial and technical spheres as major constraints to its adoption. The probit model confirms that farmers with a smaller size of holding who are educated, younger and practice diversified cropping are more inclined towards organic farming.
ClothNet: sensitive semantic segmentation network for fabric defect detection
Authors: Zhang Tuanshan , Ma Haoran
Published: August 2022

When the conventional semantic segmentation method is applied to fabric defect detection, the omission factor of small size defects is relatively high, and the network model with larger depth is easy to lose the features of small size defects and has poor real-time performance. To address these problems, we propose two sensitive semantic segmentations, ClothNet based on deep feature fusion and ClothNet-tiny based on atrous spatial pyramid pooling. First, in ClothNet, deep and shallow features are fused to compensate for the information loss caused by pooling. Second, ClothNet-tiny is designed to improve the detection speed. Finally, an adaptive loss function for defect size, namely weighted dice loss is proposed. The results on the validation set show that ClothNet achieves 78.8% Mean Intersection over Union mean. Compared to fully convolutional networks, ClothNet reduces memory consumption by 28% and ClothNet-tiny by 77%.
Pre-eclampsia in a Sub-Saharan African country and maternal-perinatal outcome
Authors: Nkwabong Elie , Djientcheu Deugoue Franck , Fouedjio Jeanne
Published: August 2022

Our comparative cohort study, carried out between 3rd January and 30th April 2020, looked at the maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with pre-eclampsia. Of 2019 booked pregnant women, 141 (7.0%) had pre-eclampsia, and 59.8% of these were severe at admission. Significant adverse maternal outcomes were eclampsia, HELLP (haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets) syndrome, and placental abruption, and significant adverse perinatal outcomes were intra-uterine fetal death, preterm delivery, low birth weight (LBW), neonatal asphyxia and early neonatal death. Close attention needs to be given to women with pre-eclampsia in poor resource circumstances.
Security switching control of cyber-physical system with incremental quadratic constraints under denial-of-service attack
Authors: Zhao Younan , Zhu Fanglai , Zhang Wei , Su Housheng
Published: August 2022

This paper presents an observer-based security control scheme for a nonlinear cyber-physical system (CPS). Specially, the nonlinearity satisfies the incremental quadratic constraints ([Formula: see text]) which can represent many types of common nonlinearities. The problems are discussed under the assumption that both the feedback and forward channels may suffer from denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The attack model is constructed in the form of time-delayed switching system with four subsystems corresponding to different attack situations. Then by using the attack model, an observer-based controller is constructed in the cyber layer to stabilize the CPS encountering DoS attacks. The closed-loop stability is analyzed based on H∞ index of switching systems in view of average dwell time (ADT) concept. Besides, the gain matrices of the controller and the observer are obtained by solving a series of matrix inequalities using an algorithm designed in this paper. Finally, the performance of security control scheme is presented by a simulation example.
Strategic HRM and Firm Performance: Mediating Role of Knowledge Management Capacity and Innovation Performance
Authors: Chawla Arshinder Singh , Gahlawat Neha , Kumar Sandeep , Kundu Subhash C. , Kundu Homesh
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the linkage between strategic HRM (SHRM) and firm performance through knowledge management capability and innovation performance. Primary data were gathered from 624 employees working in 252 Indian firms. Using Model 6 of PROCESS macro, a serial mediation model was estimated to analyse the proposed relationships between SHRM, knowledge management capability, innovation performance and firm performance. The study has revealed that the use of SHRM practices which include selection, training, appraisal, rewards and empowerment results in enhanced knowledge management capability, improved innovation performance and heightened firm performance. Further, the results establish that knowledge management capability and innovation performance act as sequential mediators in linking SHRM to firm performance.
Deceptive (De)humanization: How Lying About Perceived Outgroups is Revealed in Language
Authors: Markowitz David M.
Published: August 2022

This paper introduces the concept of deceptive (de)humanization, the internal belief that an outgroup is less-than-human while dishonestly acknowledging aspects of their humanity for impression management purposes. In a large online experiment ( N = 1,169), participants wrote about their false or truthful opinions on an outgroup they perceived as more evolved or less evolved. Following several automated text analyses, the data indicated psychological differences in attention through word patterns. Consistent with prior work, deceptive texts contained fewer self-references and more negative emotion terms than truthful texts, and dehumanizers used more negative emotions than humanizers. New evidence suggests those who wrote deceptively about evolved groups focused the most on negative emotions compared to other participants. This work extends deception and dehumanization theory by investigating how such psychological constructs interact, and how they are reflected linguistically as communicators attempt to manage impressions and maintain a positive self-image.
Jullien the Apostate
Authors: Badiou Alain
Published: August 2022

Cutting through simultaneously the conventions of sinology and a capitalist universalism modeled on the West, Jullien unfolds a difference between Chinese thought and philosophy that allows it to be thought out without taking sides. His unusual move insists on the irreducibility of the difference yet at the same time renders the irreducibility intelligible; Jullien gives us a world structured by distinct lines of thought.
Characterizing incidental mass lesions in abdominal dual-energy CT compared to conventional contrast-enhanced CT
Authors: Xu Jack Junchi , Ulriksen Peter Sommer , Bjerrum Camilla Wium , Achiam Michael Patrick , Resch Timothy Andrew , Lönn Lars , Lindskov Hansen Kristoffer
Published: August 2022

Background

Incidental findings are common in abdominal computed tomography (CT) and often warrant further investigations with economic implications as well as implications for patients.

Purpose

To evaluate the potential of dual-energy CT (DECT) in the identification and/or characterization of abdominal incidental mass lesions compared to conventional contrast-enhanced CT

Material and Methods

This retrospective study from a major tertiary hospital included 96 patients, who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal DECT. Incidental lesions in adrenals, kidneys, liver, and pancreas were evaluated by two board-certified abdominal radiologists. Observer 1 only had access to standard CT reconstructions, while observer 2 had access to standard CT as well as DECT reconstructions. Disagreements were resolved by consensus review and used as a reference for observers using McNemar's test

Results

Observers 1 and 2 identified a total of 40 and 34 findings, respectively. Furthermore, observer 1 registered 13 lesions requiring follow-up, of which seven (two renal and five adrenal lesions) were resolved following consensus review using DECT ( P = 0.008). The inter-observer agreement was near perfect (﻿κ = 0.82).

Conclusion

DECT has the potential to improve the immediate characterization of incidental findings when compared to conventional CT for abdominal imaging.
The influence of the viscoelastic property of polycarbonate urethane as an artificial disc core material under various physiological motions at the L4–L5 level
Authors: Daniel Glad Stephen Jacob Arul Manickaraj , Prakash Muniyandi
Published: August 2022

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is one of the musculoskeletal disorders due to the Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD), that cause low back pain (LBP) and leads to a reduced range of motion. Spinal fusion and arthroplasty are the other surgical procedures that could replace the disc affected by DDD against artificial disc replacement (ADR). This study aims to analyse the biomechanical behaviour of proposed core material as Polycarbonate Urethane (PCU) in the L4–L5 lumbar segment for ADR with Ti-6Al-4V and Co-28Cr-6M as endplate materials and compare it to the performance of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) core. Finite element methods have been approached to measure the overall stress distribution along with other physiological motions like Flexion (FLEX), Extension (EXT), Axial rotation (AR) and Lateral bending (LB), respectively. Preload of 450 N compressive load, 8 N-m for Flex, 6 N-m for EXT, 6 N-m for AR and 4 N-m for LB are applied. It could be concluded that Ti-6Al-4V – PCU and Co-28Cr-6M – PCU is the best composition for the ADR for the L4–L5 level.
Factor Analysis of the Einstein Neonatal Neurobehavioral Assessment Scale in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease and Healthy Controls
Authors: Tran Nhu N. , Desai Jay , Votava-Smith Jodie K. , Brecht Mary-Lynn , Vanderbilt Douglas L. , Panigrahy Ashok , Mackintosh Liza , Brady Kenneth M. , Peterson Bradley S.
Published: August 2022

Background: Administration of the Einstein Neonatal Neurobehavioral Assessment Scale (ENNAS) can be time-consuming, and items can be highly correlated. We aimed to determine: (1) its factor analytic structure; (2) the validity of the factor structure; and (3) the associations of physiologic measures with factor scores. Methods: A factor analysis reduced 21 ENNAS items into 5 factors in 57 congenital heart disease (CHD) and 35 healthy infants. Multiple linear regressions examined the association of factor scores with group, gestational age, and physiologic variables. Results: 5-factor solution: 1 (Orienting Reflex), 2 (Extensor Axial Tone), 3 (Primitive Reflexes), 4 (Flexor Tone), 5 (Reflexive Tone Around Extremity Joints). Moderate to strong evidence supported: face, discriminant, and construct validity of these factors, with Factor 2 having the strongest. Conclusions: Components of Factor 2 may provide similar information about neonatal development, thus reducing the time for and burden of administration for researchers and clinicians.
When “Time Is Not Your Own”: Experiences of Mothering Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: LaBrenz Catherine A. , Robinson Erica D. , Chakravarty Sreyashi , Vasquez-Schut Gladis , Mitschke Diane B. , Oh Sehun
Published: August 2022

As COVID-19 reached pandemic levels in March 2020, schools shifted to remote learning. Student parents in higher education had to adapt to their own remote learning and assume responsibility for childcare and their children’s education. Few studies have explored the impact of COVID-19 on mothers who are also full-time students. This study utilized a phenomenological approach to understand the lived experiences of mothering students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Student mothers were recruited from a large, public, Hispanic-serving university in a Southern state. We conducted interviews with 15 student mothers who had at least one child under the age of 18 during the first six months of the pandemic. Three main themes emerged from the analyses: (1) successfully meeting educational requirements; (2) dealing with the mental health impact of the pandemic; and (3) changing the institutional structure. The first theme captured strategies mothering students implemented to ensure their own or their children’s educational goals were met. The second theme encompassed how mothers handled the stress caused by the pandemic. The third theme explored ways that mothers resisted gendered expectations and norms around care. Implications for policy and social work practice include changing institutional structures to enhance support for mothering students.
Experimental and numerical damage analysis of low-velocity drop weight impact of polyethylene self-reinforced composite laminates for transportation applications
Authors: Chandran Maniyamparambil Sharan , Vadivel Gopinath Kuppusamy , Krishnan Padmanabhan
Published: August 2022

This study covers a low-velocity impact property analysis of Polyethylene self-reinforced composites (PET-HDPE/HDPE SRC)through experimental and numerical methods emphasizing the influence of interfacial properties. Self-reinforcing a polymer material has gained a lot of attention due to maximum exploration of their light density characteristics with better chemical compatibility and interfacial adhesion of matrix and reinforcement, resulting in higher fuel efficiency. Reusability of self-reinforced thermoplastic composites even without separating their constituent materials has been observed to be aiding the circular economy strategies. The study aimed to analyze the peak load characteristics, energy-absorbing characteristics, and damage response of these materials processed through the hot compaction technique and subjected to a drop mass impact test. Fractographic visual inspection, optical macrographs, Scanning electron microscopy analysis, and through transmission ultrasonic C-scan were employed to study the damage evolution and failure mechanisms under the low-velocity impact. Three levels of impact energy were included in the test matrix, and initiation of the damage, nature of the matrix, interface debonding, matrix and fibre failures could be identified through the inspection of the damage cross-section at the impact eye. A finite element model developed through commercial FEA packages (Abaqus) was utilized for the complex mechanisms of damage and failure. Weak interfacial adhesion due to the self-lubricating nature of the polyethylene fibre surface contributed to the fibre pull out during the drop weight impact. A qualitative analysis and correlation of the nature of surface damage and internal damage were also studied, which are the factors that are necessary for the development of cargo containers and marine/aerospace ultralight luggage applications.
Effect of material failure criteria on collision behavior of metro vehicle end structures
Authors: Wang Xiaorui , Zhu Tao , Zhang Jingke , Ding Haoxu , Xiao Shoune , Lu Liantao , Yang Bing , Yang Guangwu , Liu Yuxin
Published: August 2022

This study comprehensively analyzes the failure behavior of metro vehicle end structures (VESs) during collisions, using the common material SUS301L-MT in a stainless steel metro and its VES as the research object. First, constitutive and failure tests are performed on the material, the macro–micro characterization of its mechanical properties is performed, and the failure strains and morphologies under various stress states are obtained and discussed. Subsequently, two failure criteria, Von Mises (VM) and Generalized Incremental Stress State Dependent Damage Model (GISSMO), are calibrated and established. Finally, the crashworthiness evaluation indexes of the VES are defined, and vertical offset collisions of metro VESs for different speed levels are numerically analyzed. The results show that the stress triaxiality significantly affects the failure strain of stainless steel SUS301L-MT, with the maximal difference for different stress states reaching 51.10%. SUS301L-MT stainless steel exhibits strain-rate strengthening and yield hysteresis effects. Overall, the numerical results for the VM criterion are worse than for the GISSMO criterion, which more accurately describes the collision behavior of metro VESs under complex stress states.
Discrete modeling and calculation of traction return-current network for 400 km/h high-speed railway
Authors: Yang Shiwu , Liu Chang
Published: August 2022

The planned 400 km/h high-speed train capable of cross-border intermodal transportation will inevitably cause a greater return-current and bring more challenges to signaling infrastructure and integrated grounding while achieving stronger traction. Based on the existing AC autotransformer power supply mode, this paper proposes a discrete modeling and calculation method of the traction return-current network concerning impedance equivalent, realizing the simulation and quantitative analysis of the return-current distribution of multiple current-carrying conductors in the block section and station yard under the double-track condition. Then, the dynamic distribution is analyzed comprehensively considering traction power supply, signaling, and integrated grounding systems. Also, the method is verified with field test data. Finally, the simulation of the return-current proportion of multiple conductors is carried out under the dynamic operating conditions of high speed, and the distribution characteristics are compared and analyzed under different ballast resistances. In the most unfavorable case, the maximum return-current in the rails, grounding wire, and protective wire can reach 1046 A, 180 A, and 126 A, respectively. This work helps evaluate the electromagnetic compatibility between signaling and strong currents in engineering practice, further optimize the capacity configuration of equipment along the railway lines, and improve the signaling immunity design.
Online breastfeeding publics: Sociality, support and selfies
Authors: Tugwell Sharon
Published: August 2022

This article focuses on the practice of breastfeeding selfies, as a relational practice within online breastfeeding groups. I suggest that despite breastfeeding being upheld as the most superior infant feeding method, the practice has a paradoxical relationship to discourses of the “good mother” and the idealisation of motherhood more generally. This is due to the unashamed boldness of the practice, which flies in the face of notions of discretion, with their subsequent links to respectability. Breastfeeding selfies can be understood as gestures for something outside of the mother-infant dyad, therefore insisting on recognising the desire, needs and sociality of the mother. Furthermore, they move to position breastfeeding as a social, rather than an individual or solitary act. The desire for women to share their mothering experiences with other women challenges the individualising notion of the exclusive mother and, furthermore, can be understood as an invitation for intimacy with other women. Whilst the practice has the potential to be interpreted in a way which challenges much of the pernicious “good mother” discourses, it continues to be a practice marked in Whiteness, revealing the inequitable nature of online public spaces.
Transfer of a calibration model for the prediction of lignin in pulpwood among four portable near infrared spectrometers
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxue , Chen Xinyu , Xiong Zhixin , Siesler Heinz W , Liang Long
Published: August 2022

In order to reduce the time and cost for near infrared (NIR) model development and maintenance, the transfer of NIR spectra measured on four different portable spectrometers (one master and three target instruments) for predicting the lignin content of pulp wood is investigated in this work. Eighty-two wood samples were prepared by chipping and grinding, and their NIR spectra were recorded with four spectrometers. Calibration models for the determination of lignin in pulp wood have been developed by partial least squares (PLS) regression, while average Mahalanobis distances (AMD) and average differences of spectra (ADS) were used to quantify the spectral differences. Then piecewise direct standardization (PDS) has been applied, and compared to direct standardization (DS), slope/bias correction (SBC) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The accuracy of the models has been evaluated by comparing their prediction performance. The results indicated that the prediction performances of the three target instruments are greatly improved by using the three algorithms. The advantage of the PDS algorithm is that fewer samples are required for the transfer sets, which means lower model maintenance cost for practical applications. When it comes to window size setting procedure, it was found that if there are large spectral differences between the master and the target spectrometer, a large window size should be used and if the spectral difference is a significant lateral shift, an asymmetric window with appropriate window size is necessary to ensure a good transfer performance for the PDS algorithm.
A Systematic Review: Study on Challenges Faced by Dental Interns in the Workforce: Suggestions for Pacific Nations
Authors: Nair Richard D. , Gohil Dilan A. , Reddy K. Venkata Raman , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: August 2022

Aim

To identify challenges faced by dental interns in the workforce and to suggest Pacific Island Countries (PIC) on further research in this area.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Scopus and ProQuest databases was conducted using relevant keywords. All studies, published from 1st January 2000 to 31st January 2021, were taken into consideration. Removal of duplicates and screening the full-text articles using eligibility criteria were used to finalise the number of articles. The significant findings and conclusions were extracted and grouped under themes.

Results

A total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria, involving dental interns, medical interns, postgraduate and undergraduate. Five themes were identified as the main challenges faced by dental interns in the workplace including workplace bullying, handling medical emergencies, community placement, lack of interdisciplinary approach and poor record keeping.

Conclusion

There is a need for PIC to conduct research and surveys, to identify the challenges its dental interns may be facing. This will create an ideal foundation from which strategies and initiatives can be implemented and enforced in the dental internship programme. Ensuring that oral health services are delivered efficiently and oral status of the Pacific is not compromised.
A clonality analysis based on T-cell receptor beta and delta loci for high-grade gastrointestinal lymphoma in dogs
Authors: Takanosu Masamine , Kagawa Yumiko
Published: August 2022

Clonality assays based on antigen receptors are used as adjunct examinations in the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative diseases. We investigated the usefulness of the T-cell receptor beta ( TRB) and T-cell receptor delta ( TRD) loci in clonality assays for high-grade gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma in dogs. For TRB, we used primers reported previously; for TRD, we designed primers for each of the V and J genes based on genomic sequences. Genomic DNA was extracted from 39 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of high-grade GI lymphoma diagnosed histologically. The sensitivity of TRB and TRD primers for GI lymphoma was 41.0% and 38.5%, respectively, which was lower than the 82.1% sensitivity of T-cell receptor gamma ( TRG) primers However, some cases that could not be detected using TRG primers had clonality with either TRB or TRD primers. We found the TRG locus to be more suitable as a first choice for the assay of canine lymphoma clonality than the TRB and TRD loci. However, the detection rate of T-cell clonality may be enhanced using TRB and TRD primers for lymphoma cases not detected using TRG primers.
Enduring Equity Questions: A Sequence Analysis of Citations in Response to Racial Inequity via the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Authors: Kramarczuk Voulgarides Catherine , Aylward Alexandra
Published: August 2022

In this article, we document patterns of local education agency (LEA) disproportionality citations within one U.S. state spanning an 8-year time period immediately following the 2004 reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) to understand the following: (a) how patterns of disproportionality citations manifest over time in suburban locales, and (b) how often LEAs experience and subsequently are able to successfully address a citation for racial inequity in special education outcomes. We descriptively investigated sequence patterns across suburban locales within one state—New York State (NYS), which serves as a representative case for our analysis. We focus on suburban locales because prior research has documented that a school district’s location (e.g., suburban) relates to the time frame within which a school district was able to address a disproportionality citation. In addition, locale-specific characteristics such as segregation in schools and communities and sociodemographic conditions influence the occurrence of racial disproportionality. Our primary questions driving the descriptive inquiry were as follows: How does variation in sequence patterns for IDEA disproportionality citations manifest within and between suburban locales in NYS? What are the policy implications of these patterns? We conclude with specific recommendations for improving IDEA racial equity policy.
Posttraumatic Growth and its Correlates Among Parents of Children With Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: He Miao , Shi Bing , Zheng Qian , Gong Caixia , Huang Hanyao
Published: August 2022

This study examined the posttraumatic growth (PTG) about parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and the correlates of PTG.

A cross-sectional study.

Parents (N = 388) of children with isolated CL/P (ages 3 months-18 years) who had at least one cleft surgery within an oral and maxillofacial surgery department of a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in a provincial capital in southwest China.

Demographic information questionnaire, The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Social Support Rating Scale were used for data collection.

Parents’ mean PTG score was in the moderate range (M = 65.7, SD = 13.73). PTG differed regarding the participants’ sex, ethnicity, and educational background. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that positive coping ( r = 0.43, P < .01), negative coping ( r = 0.13, P < .01), and social support ( r = 0.26, P < .01) were positively correlated with PTG. Multiple regression model showed that 20.6% ( P < .001) of the variance in PTG was explained by higher positive coping (β = 0.35, P < .001), greater social support (β = 0.13, P = .01), and for cleft lip compared to cleft palate (β = −0.14, P ≤ .01), with no variance difference for cleft lip and palate.

Parents of children with CL/P had moderate PTG. Potentially modifiable correlates of PTG suggest interventions to enhance parental positive coping and social support may increase PTG. Further studies are needed to confirm the PTG level and its affecting factors of parents of children with CL/P.
Integrated fuzzy linguistic preference relations approach and fuzzy Quality Function Deployment to the sustainable design of hybrid electric vehicles
Authors: Kang Xinhui , Zhu Qi
Published: August 2022

Through the prevalence of sustainable ideas, automobiles are increasingly pursuing environmental protection strategies for green design, the non-traditional hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are promoted continuously. If the company can add emotional value to the modeling of HEV, it will be helpful to its sustainable design and sales promotion of it. Therefore, an innovative model combining fuzzy linguistic preference relations (FLPR) and fuzzy quality function deployment (QFD) is proposed here to explore the connection between customer sentiment and the front view of the HEV. Compared with the previous methods, FLPR has the advantages of fewer comparison times and high consistency. First, find out the customer’s emotional expectations and attribute weight ranking for HEV through FLPR, and import customer requirements (CRs) on the left side of fuzzy QFD. Second, the grey prediction model was used to screen out the key engineering features (ECs) and the initial weight of HEV. Finally, based on human subjective imprecise natural semantics, fuzzy QFD established a matrix association between CRs and key ECs, then finally obtained the optimal combination of ECs' final weight and morphological design. The results can assist designers to shorten product development cycles and improve customers' emotional satisfaction, which provides a theoretical reference for the sustainable design and marketing of environmentally friendly cars in the future.
Tislelizumab: A Modified Anti-tumor Programmed Death Receptor 1 Antibody
Authors: Zhang Lin , Geng Zhihua , Hao Bo , Geng Qing
Published: August 2022

Tislelizumab is an anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) monoclonal immunoglobulin G 4 antibody developed by BeiGene. The structure of tislelizumab has been modified to maximally inhibit the binding of PD-1 to programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and minimize the binding of tislelizumab to Fcγ receptors. In clinical studies, tislelizumab has shown preliminary anti-tumor effects in various solid tumors, such as Hodgkin’s lymphoma, urothelial carcinoma, lung cancer, gastric and esophageal cancer, liver cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient tumors. In addition, it also showed new promise in solid tumor treatment in combination with ociperlimab. Due to its satisfactory anti-tumor effects, tislelizumab has received approvals in China for the treatment of classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma, urothelial carcinoma, squamous non-small cell lung cancer, non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and it is now under investigation for a new indication in microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient tumors. Moreover, it has been granted orphan designations in hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer, including cancer of the gastroesophageal junction, by the US Food and Drug Administration. Tislelizumab has an acceptable safety profile; the most common adverse effects include fatigue, anemia, and decreased neutrophil count, while the most fatal events have been related to respiratory infection or failure, and hepatic injury. Tislelizumab has an economic advantage compared with other well-studied PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors; thus, the introduction of it could provide clinical oncologists with an effective weapon against tumors and may alleviate the burden of cancer patients.
The Value of Combined Detection of Megakaryocyte and Platelet Parameters for the Diagnosis of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Tao Shuan , Zhang Xia , Wang Weiguo , Xu Yuanhong , Liang Wei
Published: August 2022

Objective:To investigate the application value of bone marrow megakaryocyte count, the proportion of megakaryocytes at each stage, and the platelet parameter in the clinical diagnosis of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Methods: The megakaryocyte and platelet parameter level in 62 ITP and 40 control group patients were compared and analyzed. Linear correlation analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and ROC curves were performed for the correlation between megakaryocytes and platelet parameters. Results: Compared to the control group, the total number of megakaryocytes, the promegakaryocytes the granular megakaryocytes (GMeg), and naked megakaryocytes (NMeg), MPV, and P-LCR% in the ITP group increased. All differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). While the proportion of platelet-producing megakaryocytes (PMeg), PLT, and PCT decreased in the ITP group. These differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). PLT was strongly positively correlated with PCT (r = 0.921, p<0.01). PCT was weakly positively with MPV (r = 0.309, p<0.05). MPV was positively correlated with P-LCR (r = 0.856, p<0.01). PDW was weakly positively correlated with P-LCR (r = 0.296, p<0.05) and Meg (r = 0.301, p<0.05), and negatively correlated with PMeg (r = -0.336, p<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that PLT, PCT MPV and P-LCR% gave a high sensitivity（100.0%，81.0%，74.6%，90.5%，respectively.) and specificity (100.0%, 92.5%, 80.0%, 77.5%, respectively.) in diagnosis of ITP. Conclusion: The combined analysis of bone marrow megakaryocyte count, the proportion of megakaryocyte classification at each stage, and platelet parameters have an important reference value for auxiliary diagnosis of ITP.