bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imunologi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dalam Kehamilan
Authors: Savira Maya
Published: February 2018

Human Immunodeficiency Virus can be spread through sexual contact , blood products and vertical transmission ofthe mother to the fetus . The high incidence of HIV / AIDS around the world in women over 15 years old and childrenunder the age of 15 years gives an overview of HIV / AIDS cases in pregnant women likely to have a high incidence.HIV viral RNA viruses belonged to two different types , namely HIV - 1 and HIV - 2 . Most cases are caused by HIV- 1. HIV primarily infects CD4 lymphocytes or T helper ( Th ), the numbers will decrease , as well as the function ofthe immune system will decrease. During pregnancy occurs emphasis on immune cells, with or without HIV infection.Study in France showed no significant progression between the immune system of pregnant women with HIV andnormal pregnant women . T reg on HIV infection in lymphoid tissue accumulated and the number of T reg postpartum was higher in patients with HIV infection compared to HIV- negative . Human Leukocyte antigen - G ( HLA- G ) inhibits cell-mediated immune response and can penetrate the placenta spread of HIV - 1 infection and increasethe risk of vertical transmission . Major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) encodes HLA - G to inhibit natural killercells ( NK cells) that supports the entry of the virus passes through the placental barrier in HIV- 1 positive pregnantwomen . HIV infection activates CD8 expressing HLA - DR antigen . CD8 immune activation in chronic HIV becomesa factor decreasing CD4 count . The expression of HLA - DR and CD38 on CD8 T lymphocytes that recognize CD4eliminated by HIV infection Total CD8 , CD38 , and HLA - DR is reduced in HIV- positive pregnant women may bea prognostic parameters of immune status.
Profil Pengendalian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru
Authors: Putri Lesi Kurnia , Karimi Jazil , Nugraha Dimas Pramita
Published: February 2018

Management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is aimed diabetic control required antidiabetic drugs(OAD). The aim of this study was to know data about the profile of diabetics control in patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus followed in department of endocrinology Arifin Achmad General Hospital Pekanbaru. The type of researchwas descriptive. The samples are 96 people included all patients with type 2 DM according to inclusion criteria. Theidentity patients and patients knowledge were determined using questionnaire, used of antidiabetics drugs and diabeticcontrol were detemined using medical record. The characteristics of patients with type 2 DM were most at group ofage 50-59 years (45,8%), female sex (58,3%), duration of DM 1-5 years (52,1%), complication of diabetic neuropathy(25%) and frequency of the Doctor once a month (64,6%). The used OAD predominant oral antidiabetic drugs (83%)combinations sulfonylureas and biguanid (73,7%), combinations oral antidiabetic drugs with insulin (14%) arecombinations biguanid with long acting insulin (69,2%) and intensive insulin (3%) are long acting insulin with rapidacting insulin (66,6%). Diabetic control of patients with type 2 DM are fasting blood glucose, post prandial 2 hoursblood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL was bad (68%, 74%, 46,9%, 61,5% and 70,8%). This researchshowed that used of antidiabetic drugs was not satisfactory of diabetic control.
Deteksi Cryptosporidium sp. dengan Pewarnaan Modifikasi Tahan Asam pada Tinja Siswa SDN X Kecamatan Rumbai, Pekanbaru
Authors: Maryanti Esy , Rahmi Hayatul , Lesmana Suri Dwi , Haslinda Lilly
Published: February 2018

Oportunistic intestinal protozoa infection caused by Cryptosporidium sp is a public health problem inimmunocompromise individual and children. Cryptosporidiosis is a disease caused by Cryptosporidium sp whichconsidered a cause of emerging and opportunistic infection. Cryptosporidium sp. are single cell of coccidian caninfected human and animals. This study was to detect Cryptosporidium sp with method of staining acid-resistantmodification among elementary school children of SDN X Kecamatan Rumbai Kota Pekanbaru. Stool examinationof 94 samples were obtained two (2,1%) samples were found with Cryptosporidium sp.
Spinal Schwannoma Kistik Intradura
Authors: Safitri Ira , Hanafi Rully , Anwary Farhan
Published: February 2018

Spinal schwannoma kistik intradura merupakan jenis tumor yang jarang ditemukan. Schwannoma merupakantumor jinak yang berkembang dari sel Schwann yang terdapat pada lapisan pembungkus saraf dan merupakan tumorspinal intradura yang paling sering ditemukan. Umumnya tumor schwannoma spinal merupakan massa solid atausolid heterogen dan jarang ditemukan dalam bentuk kistik.Suatu kasus, seorang laki-laki umur 43 tahun datang dengan keluhan utama lemah kedua tungkai. Sejak 2,5bulan sebelumnya pasien merasakan nyeri tulang ekor menjalar ke tungkai kanan dan bertahap diikuti keluhan lemahtungkai kanan. Selanjutnya diikuti dengan nyeri dan kesemutan kaki kiri dan kemudian dirasakan kelemahan kakikiri dan sulit defekasi dan miksi sejak 1 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pemeriksaan Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) lumbosacral dengan kontras menunjukkan gambaran lesi kistik, sebagian bersepta-septa, intradura,mengobliterasi canalis spinalis setinggi corpus vertebra torakal 12 sampai sacral 2 yang memberikan enhancementterhadap kontras pada septa dan tepinya. Pasien menjalani operasi laminektomi dan didapatkan massa tumor intradura,berbatas tegas dengan cord dan radix berbentuk tubular sepanjang 20 cm, dengan bagian yang kistik berisi cairankental kekuningan dan bagian yang solid berwarna merah kebiruan mudah berdarah, tidak berkapsul, berbatas tegas,spinal cord terdorong ke anterosuperior, cauda equina terdorong ke lateral kanan dan kiri, tumor terangkat 100 %.Secara makroskopis saat operasi, massa tumor di duga sebagai myxopapillary ependymoma.Pemeriksaan patologianatomi kemudian memastikan bahwa tumor tersebut adalah schwannoma. Setelah operasi keadaan pasien membaikdengan perbaikan motorik pada kedua tungkainya.
Gambaran Perbaikan Defisit Neurologis Pasien Stroke Infark Di Bangsal Saraf RSUD Arifin Achmad
Authors: Sukiandra Riki , Marindra Fajri
Published: February 2018

Stroke merupakan suatu masalah kesehatan yang utama dalam kehidupan modern saat ini. Salah satu jenis strokeyang memberikan disabilitas adalah stroke infark. Perbaikan defisit neurologis pada pasien stroke umumnya terjadiselama hari-hari atau minggu-minggu pertama setelah terjadinya serangan. Perbaikan yang terjadi tergantung dariluas lesi dan kualitas perawatan pasien stroke pada fase akut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif padapasien stroke infark yang dirawat di Bangsal Saraf RSUD Arifin Ahmad. Dilakukan penilaian defisit neurologismenggunakan National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) sebagai parameter perbaikan defisit neurologisnya.Penilaian dilakukan pada hari pertama dan hari kelima perawatan pasien. Dari 34 pasien yang diteliti didapatkanperbaikan nilai NIHSS pada 7 subyek (21%), NIHSS tetap sama pada 22 subyek (65%), dan perburukan nilaiNIHSS pada 5 subjek (15%).
Penentuan Umur Bercak Darah Manusia pada Kain Katun dengan Menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Tegar Indrayana Mohammad , Widiatmaka Wibisana , Sugiharto Ade Firmansyah , Bakri Ridla
Published: February 2018

This research is to study the method in determining the age of human bloodstain due the rarity of human bloodstainresearches in Indonesia, by analyzing the X and Y peaks that appeared in High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC). This research is experimental with time series for 11 days observation by exposing the bloodstain onto 33pieces of cotton fabric, each measuring 1 cm x 1 cm that originated from 3 respondents with environmental conditionsof the FKUI/RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Forensic and Medico-legal Department which represents the area ofCentral Jakarta. The results of this research is the X and Y peaks do not point to a linearity so that the criteria for linearregression equation is not met. The conclusion of this research is age of human bloodstain on cotton fabric byanalyzing X peak with HPLC cannot yet be used pragmatically in the field in accord to the conditions at the crimescene.
Profil Penderita Diare Anak Di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Pekanbaru
Authors: Maryanti Esy , Lesmana Suri Dwi , Mandela Hendro , Herlina Setri
Published: February 2018

Diarrhea is one of the most frequent diseases of infants and children in the world. In developing countries, diarrheais still one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in children. In 2009, the incidence of diarrhea in childrenin Pekanbaru there were more than 5-6 people per day. Pekanbaru is the densely populated city that is very easyoccurrence of diarrhea in children. Many factors affect the incidence of diarrhea in children, one of which is theenvironment, hygiene and nutritional status of children. This study aims to determined the profile of children withdiarrhea in Health Centers Inpatient Pekanbaru. A total of 96 patients of diarrhea in children Pekanbaru HealthCenter Inpatient obtained most of the male sex (54.2%), with the age of majority was especially toddlers aged 1-3years. Nutritional status in patients with diarrhea was generally a good. Stool characteristics in childhood diarrheapatients was mostly mushy, not slimy and does not bleed.
Penggunaan Insulin Basal dalam Praktek Sehari-hari: Panduan Praktis untuk Dokter Umum
Authors: Rosdiana Dani
Published: February 2018

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Riau have reached 10,4 %, it’s higher than national pravelence. Hence, it’s needmore attention from physician. The important thing in managing DM is how to restrain controlled blood sugar level.The best parameter to evaluate controlled blood sugar level is level of HbA1c. Fasting blood glucose is one ofimportant component which determine HbA1c especially HbA1c more than 8,5%. There are some pharmacologyagent to decrease HbA1c level, and insulin is the most effective agent. Why physician needs insulin?It was caused by impairment of betha cell pancreas was directly propotional with DM progressiveness. Comprehensionand capability for using basal insulin are important to physician, not only for internist but also for general practinioner.As we know that general practinioner have a competency to manage DM without complication. Guidance for usingsimple and practical basal insulin is expected will facilitate physician to manage blood sugar level of DM patient.
Epilepsi dan Kehamilan
Authors: Sukiandra Riki
Published: February 2018

Epilepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder that may complicate pregnancy, about 25%-33,3% epileptic seizures increasedin pregnancies. The main concern in pregnancies complicated by epilepsy includes the increased risk of congenitalabnormalities associated with antiepileptic drugs. Hormones can have major effect on seizure disorders. Women withepilepsy will have changes in seizure patterns when hormones levels shift, such as during pregnancy or right afterpregnancy. A woman with seizure disorder must be managed effectively to minimize the risk of a seizure that couldharm the fetus. Seizures can harm the developing fetus by reducing the blood supply to the placenta. Anti-convulsantmedications should not be discontinued during pregnancy. medications may be switched to those that are known to bethe safest to the developing fetus. This will reduce the risk for neural tube defects like spina bifida. Multiple drugtherapy should be avoided – if possible– and drugs should be given in divided doses to avoid high peak levels. We canprovide women with epilepsy with the available information, advise on the best treatment prior to pregnancy, andwarnings that most AEDs carry a risk above that of untreated epilepsy. Treatment should be planned in womenanticipating pregnancy
Compliance Pengguna Antihipertensi di RSUP DR. SARDJITO Yogyakarta (Periode Juli 2006- Juni 2009)
Authors: Nugraha Dimas Pramita , Dwiprahasto Iwan , Thobari Jarir At
Published: February 2018

Hypertension is the second largest of the 10 diseases on an outpatient at a hospital in Indonesia. The poor complianceto therapy of hypertension is a major cause of uncontrolled blood pressure. The aim of this study is to determinecompliance antihypertension on patient at DR. Sardjito hospital Yogyakarta. This study was designed with aretrospective cohort study design using a database of participants claimed prescribing health insurance (ASKES) inthe DR. Sardjito hospital using antihypertensive drugs. Compliance measured with medication possession ratio (MPR).Data was analysed by chi- square and logistic regression statistic. From 8.011 patients, compliance of antihypertensivedrugs during the first year is 7,6%. Analysis for compliance showed that the type of antihypertensive diuretics aremore compliance compare with angiotensin II receptor blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and betablockers. Combination therapy (20,7%) is more compliance than monotherapy ( 4,1%), as well as drugs administration1 time a day (8,2%) is more compliance than drug administration 2 times (2,5%) and 3 times a day (3%). Theproportion of compliance in antihypertensive users at DR. Sardjito hospital classified as less good. Compliancepattern indicates that therapy is not continuous, the longer the use of antihypertensive therapy, the higher thediscontinuous therapy.
Validitas Metode Konvensional Modifikasi Terhadap Metode Konvensional Dan ChromidTM Esbl Untuk Deteksi Bakteri-bakteri Penghasil Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases
Authors: Savira Maya
Published: February 2018

Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) enzymes producing microorganisms are a major problem in increasingof betalactamases antibiotics resistance include cephalosporins. These enzymes are produced by gram negativesbacilli especially a variety of Enterobacteriaceae, however the most common ESBL producing microorganisms areKlebsiella spp and Escherichia coli. Detection and identification of gram negatives bacilli producing ESBL arechallenging for clinical microbiology laboratory to determine the best method to get the optimal results. The objectiveof this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of conventional method modification using MacConkeyadded with cefpodoxim disc 10 μg, 2 mg/l to conventional method and ChromIDTM ESBL. The method of this studywas an observasional analytical study using cross sectional design on 200 isolates, which were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella spp, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia spp, and Enterobacter spp.The sensitivity of conventional method modification was 93,8%, conventional method was 68,8% and ChromIDTMESBL method was 100%. The spesificity of conventional method modification was 98,7%, conventional method was11,2% and ChromIDTM ESBL method was 100%. The sensitivity of conventional method modification was higherthan conventional method and as good as ChromIDTM ESBL for detecting ESBL producing bacterias.
Gambaran Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok dan Serak pada Pasien yang Menjalani Anestesi Umum Endotrakeal di RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru
Authors: Fahriyani Fitri , Irawan Dino , Bebasari Eka
Published: February 2018

Sore throat and hoarseness are common complications after endotracheal intubation. The incidence of sore throat andhoarseness after endotracheal intubation varies from 14 to 75%. Although regarded as minor complications, sorethroat and hoarseness contribute to postoperative morbidity and patient dissatisfaction. The aim of this study were todetermine the incidence of sore throat and hoarseness after endotracheal general anesthesia and to describe associatedrisk factors at Arifin Achmad Public Hospital. This study used a descriptive cross sectional method. A total of 88patients who underwent endotracheal general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Data of the patient such asgender, age, duration of intubation and endotracheal tube size were collected from medical record and direct observationat the time of operation. All of the patients were interviewed within 24-36 hours after surgery to collect data such assmoking history, sore throat complaint and hoarseness complaint. The evaluation of sore throat degree was accomplishedwith a Capan’s scale for sore throat and hoarseness degree was accomplished with a Stout’s scale for hoarseness. Theresult showed that 18 patients (20.4%) experienced sore throat and 34 patients (38.6%) experienced hoarseness aftersurgery.
Mengonstruk Masa Depan Nahdlatul Ulama (Studi tentang Rekomendasi Kebijakan Konfercab XVII PCNU Kabupaten Blitar)
Authors: Shofwan Arif Muzayyin
Published: February 2018

Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) merupakan organisasi keagamaan Islam terbesar di Indonesia yang didirikan oleh ulama pondok pesantren di Surabaya pada tanggal 31 Januari 1926. Ormas ini mulai masuk dan berdiri sebagai cabang di kabupaten Blitar sejak tahun 1352 H/ 1951 M yang pertama kali diketuai oleh Kiai Haji Zahid Syafii. Hingga kini, NU cabang Blitar ini telah melakukan Konfercab ke-XVII. Tulisan kualitiatif dengan pendekatan teori konstruksi sosial ini merupakan studi tentang rekomendasi kebijakan Konfercab XVII NU di kabupaten Blitar untuk masa khidmat 2017-2022. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tulisan ini menghasilkan bahwa para ulama dan pengurus NU cabang Blitar dalam konfercab XVII NU tersebut telah mengkonstruk beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan yang ditujukan kepada Pemerintah Kabupaten Blitar meliputi lima hal, yaitu bidang pendidikan, ekonomi, sosial, kesehatan, dan partisipasi masyarakat. Selain itu, konfercab ini juga mengkonstruk beberapa kebijakan yang ditujukan kepada pengurus cabang NU kabupaten Blitar terbaru dan warga NU secara keseluruhan dalam rangka membangun sinergi menuju NU ke depan yang lebih mandiri.
Penerapan Metode Buzz Group untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Biologi Pada Siswa Kelas IX SMPN 1 Besuki
Authors: Suparmi Suparmi
Published: February 2018

Berdasarkan hasi observasi yang dilakukan di Kelas IX A pada waktu pembelajaran Biologi diperoleh hasil bahwa Hasil belajar siswa memuaskan, yaitu siswa lainnya masih belum dapat mencapai KKM atau 700, sedangkan 27 siswa lainnya masih belum dapat mencapai KKM atau 69, Untuk itu, dilakukan penelitian ini dengan menerapkan metode buzz group guna menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subyek siswa kelas IX A SMPN 1 Besuki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan Hasil belajar siswa berdasarkan nilai post test per siklus dengan nilai di atas KKM yaitu persentase pada siklus I 52,9% dan pada siklus II 88,2%
Penerapan Metode Smart Games untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bilangan Berpangkat Pada Siswa Kelas IX SMPN 1 Kalidawir
Authors: Widaryanti Widaryanti
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian adalah siswa Kelas IX B. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti sebagai guru (pengajar), guru kelas (mitra peneliti) sebagai observer proses pembelajaran Operasi Bilangan Berpangkat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Metode Smart Games untuk meningkatkan Hasil belajar siswa pada materi Operasi Bilangan Berpangkat siswa Kelas IX B SMP Negeri 1 Kalidawir Tulungagung mempunyai kriteria keberhasilan baik. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya peningkatan Hasil belajar siswa berdasarkan nilai post test per siklus dengan nilai di atas KKM yaitu persentase pada siklus I 66,7% dan pada siklus II 87,9%. Simpulan yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa penerapan pembelajaran Operasi Bilangan Berpangkat melalui Metode Smart Games dapat meningkatkan Hasil belajar siswa Kelas IX B SMP Negeri 1 Kalidawir Tulungagung dan dapat mempermu-dah siswa dalam menyelesaikan per-soalan Operasi Bilangan Berpangkat.
Penerapan Metode Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Materi Barisan dan Deret Bilangan Pada Siswa Kelas IX E SMPN 1 Kalidawir
Authors: Prayitno Prayitno
Published: February 2018

Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan di Kelas IX E pada waktu pembelajaran Matematika diperoleh hasil bahwa Hasil belajar siswa kurang memuaskan, yaitu dari 32 siswa hanya 13 siswa yang nilainya dapat mencapai KKM atau ≥ 70, sedangkan 19 siswa lainnya masih belum dapat mencapai KKM atau ≤ 69. Hal ini disebabkan karena guru kurang memberikan penekanan materi yang jelas tentang Barisan dan Deret Bilangan tersebut. Untuk itu agar dapat meningkatkan Hasil belajar siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal tentang Barisan dan Deret Bilangan serta untuk tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran perlu diadakan perbaikan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan Metode Problem Based Learning. Penerapan pembelajaran Barisan dan Deret Bilangan melalui Metode Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan Hasil belajar siswa Kelas IX E  SMP Negeri 1 Kalidawir Tulungagung dan dapat mempermudah siswa dalam menyelesaikan persoalan Barisan dan Deret Bilangan.
Peningkatan Penguasaan Vocabulary Teks Deskriptif melalui Pendekatan Scientific dengan Model Guide Inquiry pada Siswa SMPN 1 Besuki
Authors: Nurhayati Ida
Published: February 2018

Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan di Kelas VIII B pada waktu pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris diperoleh hasil bahwa Prestasi belajar siswa kurang memuaskan, yaitu dari 26 siswa hanya 1 siswa yang nilainya dapat mencapai KKM atau ≥ 70 dan 10 siswa nilainya antara 41-69, sedangkan 15 siswa lainnya nilainya ≤ 41. Untuk itu agar dapat meningkatkan Prestasi belajar siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal tentang Vocabulary Teks Descritive serta untuk tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran perlu diadakan perbaikan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan Metode Pendekatan Scientific dengan Model Guide Inquiry. penerapan pembelajaran Vocabulary Teks Descritive melalui Metode Pendekatan Scientific dengan Model Guide Inquiry dapat meningkatkan Prestasi belajar siswa Kelas VIII B  SMP Negeri 1 Besuki Tulungagung dan dapat mempermudah siswa dalam menyelesaikan persoalan Vocabulary Teks Descritive.
Penerapan Metode Think Pair Share untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Materi Peran Serta dalam Pemilihan Organisasi di Sekolah pada Siswa Kelas V SD
Authors: Mestiyah Mestiyah
Published: February 2018

Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan di Kelas VA pada waktu pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan diperoleh hasil bahwa Prestasi belajar siswa kurang memuaskan, yaitu dari 24 siswa hanya 10 siswa yang nilainya dapat mencapai KKM atau ≥ 70, sedangkan 14 siswa lainnya masih belum dapat mencapai KKM atau ≤ 69. Hal ini disebabkan karena guru kurang memberikan penekanan materi yang jelas tentang Peran serta dalam pemilihan organisasi di sekolah. Untuk itu agar dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal tentang Peran serta dalam pemilihan organisasi di sekolah serta untuk tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran perlu diadakan perbaikan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan Metode Think Pair Share. Penerapan pembelajaran Peran serta dalam pemilihan organisasi di sekolah melalui Metode Think Pair Share dapat meningkatkan Prestasi belajar siswa Kelas VA  SD Negeri 2 Banyuurip Kalidawir Tulungagung
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Materi Keunggulan Lokasi Indonesia Melalui Pendekatan Problem Based Learning pada Siswa Kelas VII B SMPN 6 Kota Bima
Authors: Rahmah Sitti
Published: February 2018

Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan di Kelas VIII B pada waktu pembelajaran IPS diperoleh hasil bahwa Hasil belajar siswa kurang memuaskan, yaitu dari 33 siswa hanya 10 siswa yang nilainya dapat mencapai KKM atau ≥ 70, sedangkan 23 siswa lainnya masih belum dapat mencapai KKM atau ≤ 69. Untuk itu agar dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal tentang Keunggulan lokasi Indonesia serta untuk tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran perlu diadakan perbaikan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan Pendekatan Problem based learning. Penerapan pembelajaran Keunggulan lokasi Indonesia melalui Pendekatan Problem based learning dapat meningkatkan Hasil belajar siswa Kelas VIII B  SMP Negeri 6 Kota Bima dan dapat mempermudah siswa dalam menyelesaikan persoalan Keunggulan lokasi Indonesia
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Senam Lantai melalui Teknik Modeling
Authors: Waras Waras
Published: February 2018

Peningkatan hasil pembelajaran senam lantai pada siswa kelas IV SDN 1 Sumbergedong Kecamatan Trenggalek sangat diperlukan untuk membentuk dan mengembangkan kemampuan diri siswa. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) dua siklus dengan tahap rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN 1 Sumbergedong Kecamatan Trenggalek. Penggunaan Teknik Modeling dapat meningkatkan Hasil Pembelajaran Senam Lantai  melalui teknik modeling pada siswa kelas IV SDN 1 Sumbergedong Kecamatan Trenggalek Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017, nilai rata-rata siswa secara klasikal 69,57 menjadi 78,88 pada siklus I dan 88,82 pada siklus II dengan persentase ketuntasan dari 13,04% atau 3 siswa, meningkat menjadi 12 siswa atau 52,17% dan 91,30% pada siklus terakhir.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar IPS melalui Model Snowball Throwing Kelas IV SDN 3 Gembleb
Authors: Sukatni Sukatni
Published: February 2018

Prestasi belajar IPS sangat dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran, agar peserta mampu bersosial dengan baik kelas. Model Snowball Throwing cocok untuk karakter sisw kelas IV dan cocok untuk mata pelajaran IPS. Hal ini sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian yaitu meningkatkan  prestasi belajar IPS melalui model pembelajaran Snowball throwing bagi siswa kelas IV SDN 3 Gembleb.metodepenelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan   prestasi belajar IPS melalui model pembelajaran Snowball throwing bagi siswa kelas IV SDN 3 Gembleb.
The Effects of the Critical Success Factors for ERP Implementation on the Comprehensive Achievement of the Crucial Roles of Information Systems in the Higher Education Sector
Authors: Ahmed Fadelelmoula Ashraf
Published: February 2018

Aim/Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine empirically the effects of certain key Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems on the comprehensive achievement of the crucial roles of Computer-Based Information Systems (CBISs)

Background: The effects of the CSFSs were examined in the higher education sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) using a case study of the ERP adoption in Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University.

Methodology: A theoretical model was proposed based on the literature written on the CSFs and the roles of CBISs in business. The model encompasses six key CSFs and their associations with the realization of the crucial roles of CBISs. To test the proposed model, a questionnaire was developed by considering the most frequently used measurements items in the ERP’s literature. The data were collect-ed from 219 key stakeholders.

Contribution: This study acts as one of the few empirical studies in assessing the effects of the important CSFs for ERP implementation upon its successful implementation. Its outcomes provide more insights and clarifications about the effects of six key CSFs on the comprehensive achievement of the crucial CBIS’s roles. Particularly, the uniqueness of this study lies in addressing the effects of these CSFs on the achievement of the vital CBIS’s roles collectively rather than the achievement of each role individually. Moreover, the study examined these effects in the higher education environment, which is characterized by its own special business processes and services.

Findings: The results reveal that the six key CSFs have a positive relationship with the comprehensive achievement of the crucial roles of CBISs. These findings are consistent with many previous studies on the effects of the CSFs on the realization of the expected benefits of the enterprise systems.

Recommendations for Practitioners: The managers and other key stakeholders should carefully manage the vital aspects of the CSFs in order to realize the promised ERP’s benefits, including the CBIS’s roles.

Future Research: Additional empirical examinations are needed to investigate the effects of the rest of the CSFs on realizing the roles of information systems.
An Instrument Mounted Mini-Display for Introperative Guidance in Hip Surgery
Authors: Gieseler Oliver , Alvarez Gomez Julio Cesar , Roth Hubert , Wahrburg Jürgen
Published: February 2018

A new mini-display has been developed which is directly mounted to navigated surgical instruments. It receives signals from the navigation system and visualizes information how to guide to the instrument in order to reach the pre-planned target pose. Thus the surgeon does not need to change his eye- focus between the operating area and the computer screen of the navigation system. the proposed visualization symbols provide all information for instrument positioning in an intuitive way.
MitsuDomoe: Ecosystem Simulation of Virtual Creatures in Mixed Reality Petri Dish
Authors: Ohshima Toshikazu , Kojima Kenzo
Published: February 2018

In this study, we propose the use of mixed reality (MR) for the purposes of biological education. Our objective is to create an interactive edutainment MR framework for users to learn about nature and human beings. MitsuDomoe, an interactive ecosystem simulator of virtual creatures in a petri dish, comprises three species of primitive artificial creatures. MitsuDomoe simulates the predation chain of the virtual creatures in the petri dish, and users can interact with this ecosystem via the petri dish interface. Users can also experience immersive observation by wearing HMD. By combining the MR petri dish and immersive virtual reality (VR) interfaces, we synergistically improve user understanding of the experience.
Robot-assisted upper cervical spinal surgery
Authors: Tian Wei , Fan Mingxing , Liu Yajun
Published: February 2018

The fundamental for upper cervical spinal surgery is screws fixation progress, however, anatomical variations of atlantoaxial vertebrae are wide, and the region is adjacent to important organ such as spine cords, oblongata and vertebral artery, all of which make the fixation harder. Robot-assisted navigation can make up for the above shortcomings, and has the potential to more improve the screw placement accuracy.

We recently designed a robot system called TiRobot, which is based on intraoperative three-dimensional images. TiRobot has three components: the planning and navigation system, optical tracking system and robotic arm system. By combining navigation and robot techniques, TiRobot can guide the screw trajectories for orthopedic surgeries.

TiRobot has been used in upper cervical surgeries with the approval from the Ethics Committee. There were 7 screws inserted during the surgeries, 1 screw for posterior C1- 2 trans-articular fixation, 1 screw for anterior odontoid fixation and 5 for C1 or C2 pedicel fixation. All surgeries were smoothly performed using TiRobot. According to the post-operation CT image data, all the screw placements were sufficient because there was no perforation of the spinal canal or any unexpected malposition. According to the Gertzbein-Robbins classification, all screws fell into group A. Furthermore, there was a discrepancy between the planned and the actual placements at the entry points and the end points. The average deviation in entry point and end point were 1.21 +/- 0.45mm and 1.19 +/- 0.36mm. These safe and accurate results make TiRobot the first medical robot could be used in upper cervical spinal surgery.
Long-term follow up of Navigation TKA using multi directional mobile bearing design
Authors: Song Eun-Kyoo , Seon Jong-Keun , Lee Dong-Hyun , Yeo Je-Hyoung
Published: February 2018

Total knee arthroplasty using navigation system is known to be more effective than conventional methods in achieving more accurate bone resection and neutral alignment.1 Mobile bearing is also known to reduce wear and automatically correct rotational malalignment of the tibia but the long-term follow-up results of more than 10 years are extremely rare.2, 3 The purpose of this study is to investigate the results of clinical and radiologic long-term follow-up and complications of total knee arthroplasty using navigation and multi-directional mobile bearing.

From 2003 to 2006, a total of 111 navigation TKAs using multi-directional mobile bearing design were carried out and reviewed retrospectively. TKAs were performed by two experienced surgeons at one institute. Of the 111 patients, 102 were women and 9 were men. The mean duration of follow-up was 11.4 ± 1.0 years (range, 10.1 to 14.08 years). Clinical outcomes were evaluated in terms of Knee Society Score, Hospital for Special Surgery score, Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) score, range of motion and complications. Long-term radiological outcomes and survival rates were evaluated at least 10 years.

Average preoperative HSS score was 66.5 ± 9.8 and KSS pain and function score were 25.0 ± 11.8 and 44.5 ± 12.3, respectively. Scores improved to 94.1 ± 8.2, 46.6 ± 11.6 and 88.2 ± 14.6 at the last follow up, respectively. Mean preoperative WOMAC scores of 75.8 ± 16.5 improved to 13.8 ± 16.0 at last follow-up. Five knees required re-operation, two for liner breakage, one for liner wear, one for distal femoral fracture and one for infection. The estimated 10-year prosthesis survival rates for any reason and for prosthesis-related problems were 95.5% and 97.4% , respectively.

TKAs using each techniques resulted in similar good clinical outcomes and postoperative leg alignments. Robotic and navigation TKA appeared to reduce the number of postoperative leg alignment outliers and revision rate compared to conventional TKA.
The effect of postoperative mechanical axis alignment on the revision rate of primary total knee arthroplasty after a follow up of 10 years
Authors: Song Eun-Kyoo , Seon Jongkeun , Lee Dong-Hyun , Yeo Je-Hyoung
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of postoperative mechanical alignment on clinical outcomes and revision rate by comparing acceptable mechanical axis group from neutral and an outlier mechanical axis.

Between 2000 and 2006, clinical and radiographic data of 334 primary TKAs were retrospectively reviewed. Post-operative mechanical axis was investigated within 1 month after TKA. The first group was an acceptable group of 286 knees (85.6%, with mechanical axis of 0°±3°). The second group was an outlier group of 48 knees (14.4%, with mechanical axis of beyond 0°±3°). Clinical outcomes before surgery and at the final follow up were analyzed using scoring method such as Hospital for Special Surgery, Knee Society Score, and Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score. Radiologic outcomes including changes of mechanical axis between immediate postop and last follow-up were evaluated. Postoperative complications and revision rates were also evaluated.

The mean degrees in change of mechanical axis between immediate postop and last follow-up were greater in the outlier group (1.6°±2.7) than acceptable group (0.8°±2.4). No significance difference in clinical outcome was found between the two groups. The incidence of aseptic loosening, instability, polyethylene wear, polyethylene breakage, and periprosthetic fracture was 2/4/2/2/2 each in the acceptable group and 1/1/2/0/0 each in the outlier group. Six (2.1%) of 286 in the acceptable group and 4 (8.3%) of 48 in the outlier group were revised (p=0.04). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a tendency towards improved survival with restoration of neutral mechanical axis. However, such improvement was not statistically significant (p=0.25).

Restoration of neutral limb alignment is a factor of total knee arthroplasty that can result in less revision rate and higher longevity. However, there are no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two groups.
Trackerless 3D Ultrasound Stitching for Computer-Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery and Pelvic Fractures
Authors: Pandey Prashant , Abugharbieh Rafeef , Hodgson Antony J.
Published: February 2018

In pelvic fracture surgeries, percutaneous screws must be placed accurately for effective fixation and to prevent damage to surrounding tissue structures. Fluoroscopy is currently used to image the pelvis to provide guidance, but this produces harmful ionising radiation and does not allow three-dimensional (3D) visualisation. Ultrasound offers three-dimensional, non-ionising, real-time, and inexpensive imaging. It has thus emerged as an alternative to fluoroscopy for intraoperative imaging in computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery (CAOS). However, ultrasound-based surgical guidance is challenging because ultrasound produces inherently noisy images with limited field-of-view. While several techniques have been proposed to improve bone clarity in ultrasound scans, there is limited work on enhancing ultrasound’s field-of-view for CAOS. In particular, improving the field-of-view for surgical guidance for pelvic fracture surgeries would be needed to achieve accurate and reliable registration to preoperative data, and accurate screw placement in the pelvis.

We propose and evaluate the feasibility of a trackerless method for stitching volumetric ultrasound to achieve an extended field-of-view. Stitching is performed using corresponding features in the overlap between three ultrasound volumes, extracted using an implementation of the 3D scale-invariant feature transform. The volumes are processed using confidence-map weighted phase symmetry detection. Alignment between the volumes is calculated using coherent point drift rigid registration.

We succeeded in extending the field-of-view of 3D ultrasound by creating a 39×43×115mm volume from three initial overlapping volumes, with reasonable overall accuracy. We show a mean post-registration surface error of 0.54mm, compared to 0.33mm achieved by previous tracking-based stitching. Our method achieved a mean distance error of 5.1%, compared to 2% in a similar tracked and 3D SIFT-based technique. Our stitching method does not use tracking, thus contributing towards simpler surgical navigation.
Application Specific Adaption of a Numerical Based Surgical Process
Authors: Müller Dominic , Heinlein Bernd , Denzler Dario
Published: February 2018

Postoperative pain and functional limitations after an Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction is usually inaccurate placement of the femoral and tibial tunnel. This paper presents a technology workflow including a software pipeline for patient-specific preoperative planning and analysis of the knee joint including functional-mechanical properties..
Precision Orthopaedic Surgery and Precision Orthopaedic Rehabilitation: A Novel Integrated Approach
Authors: Dario Paolo , Mazzoleni Stefano , Ciuti Gastone , Sun Tao , Song Zhibin , Dai Jian S. , Wang Shuxin
Published: February 2018

Orthopaedic surgery is one of the first fields where robotic tools have been used and currently their use is growing thanks to the benefits and advantages of robotics. During the last two decades several robotic devices characterized by high accuracy during both the preoperative and intraoperative phases have been developed. The success of the rehabilitation treatment, which is complementary to the surgical phase, is crucial to the complete recovery of functions: however although computer-assisted navigation is more precise than the conventional techniques, it is still subject to errors. The aim of this study is to present an integrated approach, named "Precision Orthopaedic Surgery - Precision Orthopaedic Rehabilitation" (POS-POR), based on new applications for orthopaedic trauma treatment and rehabilitation.
Simulator Based Experimental Motion Analysis of 3D Printed Artificial Shoulder Joint Geometries
Authors: Siroros Nad , Verjans Mark , Radermacher Klaus , Eschweiler Jörg
Published: February 2018

The glenohumeral joint is an important joint with large mobility of the human upper

extremity. In shoulder arthroplasty patients often has an unsatisfactory outcome. In order to understand the biomechanical complexity of the shoulder, a novel computer controlled experimental shoulder simulator with an innovative muscle control were constructed. The main component of the simulator includes the active pneumatic

muscles to replicate

the deltoid and the rotator-cuff function and two springs as passive muscle. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a variation of shoulder joint geometries on shoulder biomechanics in the basis of motion analysis. The radius of the glenoid cavity varied from 28-33mm with 2.5mm increment while the radius the humeral head are varied from 20.1-25.1 with 2.5mm increment. The “teach-in” function of the simulator allows an operator to assign the movement to the simulator where the lengths of the pneumatic muscles are recorded. Then the simulator repeats the assigned movement according to the recorded muscles length. The daily living activities includes abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation with adducted arm, and circumduction. The results show promising repeatability of the simulator with minor deviation. However, damage on the surface of the humeral head has been found which should be further studied for both shoulder behavior investigation and the shoulder simulator optimization. Therefore, this study is a decent initial study toward the verification of the simulator and lead to a better understanding of shoulder biomechanical behavior to cope with the clinical problems in the future.
Immersive Simulation of the Reduction of Femoral Diaphyseal Fracture
Authors: Mediouni Mohamed , Ziou Djemel , Cabana François
Published: February 2018

With the advancement of the virtual technologies, three-dimensional surgical simulators are now possible. In this article, we describe an immersive simulation platform, allowing students in orthopedic surgery to learn how to deal with a sample diaphyseal fracture of the femur using LC-DCP plate hole, cortical screw and verbrugge forceps. To reach certain realism, weight of the objects and force feedback are used in addition to the visual scene and the 3D sound. The students feel the weight, the strength of the bone when they pierce the holes, and the vibration of the drill. The simulation is implemented by using CAVE, the CyberGlove, CyberGrasp, and 3D sound system.
Robot-Bone Attachment Device for Robot-Assisted Percutaneous Bone Fragment Manipulation
Authors: Dagnino Giulio , Georgilas Ioannis , Georgilas Kostas , Köhler Paul , Morad Samir , Gibbons Peter , Atkins Roger , Dogramadzi Sanja
Published: February 2018

The treatment of joint-fractures is a common task in orthopaedic surgery causing considerable health costs and patient disabilities. Percutaneous techniques have been developed to mitigate the problems related to open surgery (e.g. soft tissue damage), although their application to joint-fractures is limited by the sub-optimal intra-operative imaging (2D-fluoroscopy) and by the high forces involved. Our earlier research toward improving percutaneous reduction of intra-articular fractures has resulted in the creation of a robotic system prototype, i.e. RAFS (Robot-Assisted Fracture Surgery) system.

We propose a robot-bone attachment device for percutaneous bone manipulation, which can be anchored to the bone fragment through one small incision, ensuring the required stability and reducing the “biological cost” of the procedure. The device has been evaluated through the reduction of 9 distal femur fractures on human cadavers using the RAFS system.
Comparison of two statistical shape models for the femur segmentation in MRI
Authors: Dib Zoheir , Mutsvangwa Tinashe , Dardenne Guillaume , Hamitouche Chafiaa , Burdin Valérie , Stindel Eric
Published: February 2018

Active Shape Models (ASM) have been widely used in the literature for the extraction of the tibial and the femoral bones from MRI. These methods use Statistical Shape Models (SSM) to drive the deformation and make the segmentation more robust. One crucial step for building such SSM is the shape correspondence (SC). Several methods have been described in the literature. The goal of this paper is to compare two SC methods, the Iterative Median Closest Point-Gaussian Mixture Model (IMCP- GMM) and the Minimum Description Length (MDL) approaches for the creation of a SSM, and to assess the impact of these SC methods on the accuracy of the femur segmentation in MRI. 28 MRI of the knee have been used. The validation has been performed by using the leave-one-out cross-validation technique. An ASMMDL and an ASMIMCP-GMMM has been built with the SSMs computed respectively with the MDL and IMCP-GMM methods. The computation time for building both SSMs has been also measured. For 90% of data, the error is inferior to 1.78 mm and 1.85 mm for respectively the ASMIMCP-GMM and the ASMMDL methods. The computation time for building the SSMs is five hours and two days for respectively the IMCP-GMM and the MDL methods. Both methods seems to give, at least, similar results for the femur segmentation in MRI. However (1) IMCP-GMM can be used for all types of shape, this is not the case for the MDL method which only works for closed shape, and (2) IMCP- GMM is much faster than MDL.
Physical Simulation of the Interosseous Ligaments During Forearm Rotation
Authors: Péan Fabien , Carrillo Fabio , Fürnstahl Philipp , Goksel Orcun
Published: February 2018

The Interosseous Membrane (IOM) is a fibrous ligament bundle connecting the ulna and the radius. It is well known that the IOM allows transferring partial load from the radius to the ulna (Pfaeffle 2005). It also influences the kinematics of the radioulnar joint (Yasutomi 2002, Tarr 1984).

Three-Dimensional (3D) computer-assisted methods for preoperative planning of osteotomy have been applied successfully on forearm pathologies (Fürnstahl 2010, Murase 2008, Vlachopoulos 2015). However, to the best of our knowledge, models and studies of the influence of the IOM during pro-supination are limited to a kinematics analysis of the system, either with actual bone geometry (Fürnstahl 2009) or without it (Kasten 2002). In this work, we present a physical simulation of the forearm pro-supination involving the IOM biomechanical properties, for providing insights on the influence of the IOM on the radioulnar motion. We demonstrate a preliminary validation using a sample simulation performed on a healthy forearm by comparing its outcome with literature, and analyze the kinetic data that our method allows.
ARSuikawARi
Authors: Ichimura Yuuki , Nagano Fumiya , Idehara Norimichi
Published: February 2018

This system enables the user to experience Suika-wari play in augmented reality world. Suika-wari is a Japanese popular play commonly played by the seaside in summer. The main player tries to hit a watermelon (suika) with a stick while being blindfolded and surrounding players indicates the position of the watermelon only with the voice.

In this system, the visitors play either roles of the two players. The players share the same augmented reality world where a watermelon is placed. Original play usually uses only one watermelon, but we offer the joy to hit as many watermelons as possible during a certain period.
Accuracy Evaluation of Post-Operative 3D Implant Position Based on BI-Planar X-Rays
Authors: Verstraete Matthias , Van Onsem Stefaan , Victor Jan
Published: February 2018

Evaluation of the post-operative implant position is not straightforward given the significant scatter during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). In the contrary, bi-planar post operative x-rays are standard of care. Using these bi-planar x-rays, the 3D implant can now be determined when combining these images with 3D implant files and pre-operative CT data. Using data from 20 patients, this paper compares the obtained implant positions to the positions obtained from post-operative CT scans. On average, the differences between both measurement techniques are below 1mm and 1degree for the translational and rotational degrees of freedom respectively. It is therefore concluded that using post-operative x-rays is an effective method to assess the implant position and alignment.