bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First-principles calculations of vibrational spectra of CdSe/CdS superlattices
Authors: Lebedev A. I.
Published: January 2023

The vibrational spectra of CdSe/CdS superlattices (SLs) with different layer thicknesses are calculated from first principles within the density functional theory. It is shown that, along with folded acoustic and confined optical modes, a number of confined acoustic modes appear in SLs. In structures with a minimum thickness of one of the layers, microscopic interface modes similar to local and gap modes in crystals appear. An analysis of projections of the eigenvectors of vibrational modes in SLs onto the orthonormal basis of normal modes in binary compounds enables to establish the details of formation of these vibrational modes and, in particular, to determine the degree of intermixing of acoustic and optical modes. A comparison of the frequencies of vibrational modes in CdSe/CdS SLs and CdSe/CdS nanoplatelets enables to separate the influence of size quantization and surface relaxation on the vibrational frequencies in the nanoplatelets. Keywords: phonon spectra, semiconductor superlattices, cadmium selenide, cadmium sulfide, nanostructures.
Metal-stimulated decomposition of sapphire surface in flux electrons with an energy of 70 keV
Authors: Vlasov V.P.  , Muslimov A.E.  , Kanevsky V.M.
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Metal-stimulated decomposition of sapphire surface at room temperature in a flux of electrons with energy of 70 keV. The stimulant used is an ensemble of crystalline islands of gold. It was first established that the presence of an ensemble of gold islands on the surface of sapphire significantly reduces substrate temperature and electron energy at which decomposition occurs surfaces. Etching pits form near gold islands and have an elongated shape with the following dimensions: length up to 1.2 μm, width up to 0.8 μm and average depth 20 nm. Maximum area the base of the islands increases from 0.6 to 1.8 μm2. Keywords: sapphire, gold, metal-stimulated decomposition, electron flux.
Designing and Developing an eHealth Program for Patients With Persistent Physical Symptoms: Usability Study
Authors: Christensen Oliver Rønn , Hedegaard Leonora , Rask Mette Trøllund , Clemensen Jane , Frostholm Lisbeth , Rosendal Marianne
Published: January 2023

Background

Patients with persistent physical symptoms presenting in primary care are often affected by multiple symptoms and reduced functioning. The medical and societal costs of these patients are high, and there is a need for new interventions tailored to both the patients and health care system.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the usability of an unguided, self-help treatment program, “My Symptoms,” developed to assist patients and general practitioners in symptom management.

Methods

In all, 11 users (4 patients with persistent physical symptoms and 7 laypeople) participated in web-based thinking-aloud interviews involving the performance of predefined tasks in the program. Thematic analysis was used to categorize the severity of usability issues. General usability heuristics were cross-referenced with the usability issues.

Results

The analysis identified important usability issues related to functionality, navigation, and content. The study shows how therapeutic knowledge in some cases was lost in the translation of face-to-face therapy to a digital format. The user testing helped uncover how the functionality of the digital elements and general navigation of the program played a huge part in locating and accessing the needed treatment. Examples of redesign to mediate the therapeutic value in the digital format involving health care professionals, web developers, and users are provided. The study also highlights the differences of involving patients and laypeople in the interviews.

Conclusions

Taking the experience of common symptoms as a point of departure, patients and laypeople contributed to finding usability issues on program functionality, navigation, and content to improve the program and make the treatment more accessible to users.
Exploring the Efficacy of a Set of Smart Devices for Postural Awareness for Workers in an Industrial Context: Protocol for a Single-Subject Experimental Design
Authors: Lopes Mário , Lopes Susana , Monteiro Mariana , Rodrigues Mário , Fertuzinhos Aureliano , Coelho Augusto de Sousa , Matos Paulo , Borges Abílio , Leite Teófilo , Sampaio Cátia , Costa Rui , Alvarelhão José
Published: January 2023

Background

In manufacturing industries, tasks requiring poor posture, high repetition, and long duration commonly induce fatigue and lead to an increased risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Smart devices assessing biomechanics and providing feedback to the worker for correction may be a successful way to increase postural awareness, reducing fatigue, and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. However, evidence in industrial settings is lacking.

Objective

This study protocol aims to explore the efficacy of a set of smart devices to detect malposture and increase postural awareness, reducing fatigue, and musculoskeletal disorders.

Methods

A longitudinal single-subject experimental design following the ABAB sequence will be developed in a manufacturing industry real context with 5 workers. A repetitive task of screw tightening of 5 screws in a standing position into a piece placed horizontally was selected. Workers will be assessed in 4 moments per shift (10 minutes after the beginning of the shift, 10 minutes before and after the break, and 10 minutes before the end of the shift) in 5 nonconsecutive days. The primary outcomes are fatigue, assessed by electromyography, and musculoskeletal symptoms assessed by the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include perceived effort (Borg perceived exertion scale); range of motion of the main joints in the upper body, speed, acceleration, and deceleration assessed by motion analysis; risk stratification of range of motion; and cycle duration in minutes. Structured visual analysis techniques will be conducted to observe the effects of the intervention. Results for each variable of interest will be compared among the different time points of the work shift and longitudinally considering each assessment day as a time point.

Results

Enrollment for the study will start in April 2023. Results are expected to be available still in the first semester of 2023. It is expected that the use of the smart system will reduce malposture, fatigue, and consequently, work-related musculoskeletal pain and disorders.

Conclusions

This proposed study will explore a strategy to increase postural awareness in industrial manufacturing workers who do repetitive tasks, using smart wearables that provide real-time feedback about biomechanics. Results would showcase a novel approach for improving self-awareness of risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders for these workers providing an evidence base support for the use of such devices.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/43637
Web-Based COVID-19 Dashboards and Trackers in the United States: Survey Study
Authors: Clarkson Melissa D
Published: January 2023

Background

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic provided an opportunity to use public-facing web data visualization tools to help citizens understand the evolving status of the outbreak. Given the heterogeneity of data sources, developers, tools, and designs used in this effort, it raised questions about how visualizations were constructed during a time when daily batches of data were available, but issues of data quality and standardization were unresolved.

Objective

This paper surveyed web-based COVID-19 dashboards and trackers that are likely to be used by the residents of the United States to monitor the spread of infection on a local, national, and global scale. This study is intended to provide insights that will help application developers increase the usefulness, transparency, and trustworthiness of dashboards and trackers for public health data in the future.

Methods

Websites of coronavirus dashboards and trackers were identified in August 2020 using the Google search engine. They were examined to determine the data sources used, types of data presented, types of data visualizations, characteristics of the visualizations, and issues with messy data. The websites were surveyed 3 more times for changes in design and data sources with the final survey conducted in June 2022. Themes were developed to highlight the issues concerning challenges in presenting COVID-19 data and techniques of effective visualization.

Results

In total, 111 websites were identified and examined (84 state focused, 11 nationwide, and 16 with global data), and this study found an additional 17 websites providing access to the state vaccination data. This study documents how data aggregators have played a central role in making data accessible to visualization developers. The designs of dashboards and tracker visualizations vary in type and quality, with some well-designed displays supporting the interpretation of the data and others obscuring the meaning of the data and potentially misleading the viewers. Five themes were identified to describe challenges in presenting COVID-19 data and techniques of effective visualization.

Conclusions

This analysis reveals the extent to which dashboards and trackers informing the American public about the COVID-19 pandemic relied on an ad hoc pipeline of data sources and data aggregators. The dashboards and trackers identified in this survey offer an opportunity to compare different approaches for the display of similar data.
Exploring Perceptions About Paracetamol, Tramadol, and Codeine on Twitter Using Machine Learning: Quantitative and Qualitative Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Carabot Federico , Donat-Vargas Carolina , Santoma-Vilaclara Javier , Ortega Miguel A , García-Montero Cielo , Fraile-Martínez Oscar , Zaragoza Cristina , Monserrat Jorge , Alvarez-Mon Melchor , Alvarez-Mon Miguel Angel
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Paracetamol, codeine, and tramadol are commonly used to manage mild pain, and their availability without prescription or medical consultation raises concerns about potential opioid addiction.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of Twitter users concerning these drugs.

METHODS

We analyzed the tweets in English or Spanish mentioning paracetamol, tramadol, or codeine posted between January 2019 and December 2020. Out of 152,056 tweets collected, 49,462 were excluded. The content was categorized using a codebook, distinguishing user types (patients, health care professionals, and institutions), and classifying medical content based on efficacy and adverse effects. Scientific accuracy and nonmedical content themes (commercial, economic, solidarity, and trivialization) were also assessed. A total of 1000 tweets for each drug were manually classified to train, test, and validate machine learning classifiers.

RESULTS

Of classifiable tweets, 42,840 mentioned paracetamol and 42,131 mentioned weak opioids (tramadol or codeine). Patients accounted for 73.10% (60,771/83,129) of the tweets, while health care professionals and institutions received the highest like-tweet and tweet-retweet ratios. Medical content distribution significantly differed for each drug (P<.001). Nonmedical content dominated opioid tweets (23,871/32,307, 73.9%), while paracetamol tweets had a higher prevalence of medical content (33,943/50,822, 66.8%). Among medical content tweets, 80.8% (41,080/50,822) mentioned drug efficacy, with only 6.9% (3501/50,822) describing good or sufficient efficacy. Nonmedical content distribution also varied significantly among the different drugs (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients seeking relief from pain are highly interested in the effectiveness of drugs rather than potential side effects. Alarming trends include a significant number of tweets trivializing drug use and recreational purposes, along with a lack of awareness regarding side effects. Monitoring conversations related to analgesics on social media is essential due to common illegal web-based sales and purchases without prescriptions.
Sustainable Development for Mobile Health Apps Using the Human-Centered Design Process (Preprint)
Authors: An Qingfan , Kelley Marjorie M , Hanners Audra , Yen Po-Yin
Published: January 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Well-documented scientific evidence indicates that mobile health (mHealth) apps can improve the quality of life, relieve symptoms, and restore health for patients. In addition to improving patients’ health outcomes, mHealth apps reduce health care use and the cost burdens associated with disease management. Currently, patients and health care providers have a wide variety of choices among commercially available mHealth apps. However, due to the high resource costs and low user adoption of mHealth apps, the cost-benefit relationship remains controversial. When compared to traditional expert-driven approaches, applying human-centered design (HCD) may result in more useable, acceptable, and effective mHealth apps. In this paper, we summarize current HCD practices in mHealth development studies and make recommendations to improve the sustainability of mHealth. These recommendations include consideration of factors regarding culture norms, iterative evaluations on HCD practice, use of novelty in mHealth app, and consideration of privacy and reliability across the entire HCD process. Additionally, we suggest a sociotechnical lens toward HCD practices to promote the sustainability of mHealth apps. Future research should consider standardizing the HCD practice to help mHealth researchers and developers avoid barriers associated with inadequate HCD practices.
Three Cases of Post-Covid-19 Dry Cough Treated with Maekmundong-tang
Authors: Lee Yeong-seo , Ha Da-jung , Kim Kyoung-min
Published: January 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to report three cases of post-COVID-19 dry cough that persisted even after taking Western medicine but was successfully treated with Maekmundong-tang.Methods: Three patients who were treated with Maekmundong-tang from March to June 2022 were selected from patients who visited Dong-Eui University Korean Medicine Hospital with post-Covid-19 dry cough. Jeil Maekmundong-tang Ext. granules were used to improve the cough. The effect of the treatment was evaluated using a visual analog scale, cough symptom score, and cough assessment test.Results: After the treatment, Cases 1, 2, and 3 showed decreases from 90 to 30, 65 to 0, and 70 to 20, respectively, for the visual analog scale score, decreases from 9 to 3, 5 to 0, and 5 to 3, respectively, for the cough symptom score, and decreases from 20 to 4, 9 to 1, and 8 to 3, respectively, for the cough assessment test score.Conclusion: Maekmundong-tang provided an effective improvement in the post-COVID-19 dry cough that persisted even after taking Western medicine.
A Case of Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Syndrome Exacerbated After COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Kim Mariah , Kang Hee-kyung , Park So-jun , Kim So-yeon , Yun Young-ju , Lee In , Han Chang-woo , Hong Jin-woo , Kwon Jung-nam , Choi Jun-yong
Published: January 2023

Background: We present a case of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease syndrome (ACOS), which has features of both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in a 63-year-old man treated with Korean medicine.Methods: For four weeks of hospitalization, the patient received acupuncture, Guarujisil-tang decoction, and herbal steam therapy. The main symptoms of ACOS, which are dyspnea, chest discomfort, and throat discomfort, were treated with acupuncture. Guarujisil-tang decoction and herbal steam therapy were administered to relieve cough and smooth the expectoration of mucus.Results: By the end of hospitalization, no significant change was observed in lung function. However, the patient's subjective symptoms, including dyspnea, chest discomfort, sore throat, and sweating, were improved. The patient's objective sign of opaque yellow mucus changed to clear mucus after the treatment. His scores for the quality of life questionnaire for adult Korean asthmatics and the modified Borg scale also showed improvement from 42 to 62 and from 3 to 1, respectively.Conclusions: Although we reported only one ACOS case, this study is significant in that case reports of ACOS treated with Korean medicine are rare. Further study is needed to confirm the effectiveness of Korean medicine in patients with ACOS.
Application of Hybrid Neural Models to Bioprocesses: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Agharafeie Roshanak , Oliveira Rui , Ramos João Rodrigues Correia , Mendes Jorge M.
Published: January 2023

Due to the complexity of biological processes, developing model-based
strategies for monitoring, optimization and control is nontrivial.
Hybrid neural models, combining mechanistic modeling with artificial
neural networks, have been reported as powerful tools for bioprocess
applications. In this paper, a systematic literature review is presented
focused on the application of hybrid neural models to bioprocesses by
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
(PRISMA) over the last 30 years. This analysis showed that hybrid neural
modeling has covered a wide range of microbial processes, animal cells,
mixed microbial cultures, and enzyme biocatalysis. Hybrid neural models
have been mainly applied for predictive modeling/process analysis,
process monitoring/software sensors, open- and closed-loop control,
batch-to-batch control, model predictive control, intensified design of
experiments, process analytical technology, quality-by-design, and more
recently, digital twins. Hybrid modeling experienced a decline in the
number of publications after a peak in 2004 and is now surging again. A
“model scale” research gap was identified, which will likely narrow by
a better integration with deep learning and systems biology in the near
future. The biopharma sector is currently a major driver but
applications to biologics quality attributes (e.g. glycosylation), new
modalities and downstream unit operations are significant research gaps.
Comparison of the Effect of 1000mg and 500mg Oral Citicoline on Visual Field and Ganglion Cell Layer Thickness in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Asrory VDO
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To compare the effects of 1000 mg and 500 mg oral citicoline on the visual field, retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cells layer thickness in well controlled primary open angle glaucoma. Methods: A double blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 50 subjects (75 eyes). The randomization divided the subjects into two groups, the 1000 mg group and the 500 mg group. The evaluations were performed after 30 days and 60 days intervention by assessing Mean Deviation (MD) and Pattern Standard Deviation (PSD) of Humphrey Visual field as well as retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer (GCIPL) on ocular imaging. Results: After 60 days, there was no significant difference between both groups in the MD, PSD, RNFL, and GCIPL values. The median MD increased in the 1000 mg group from -9.96 dB at baseline to -5.0 dB after 60 days and from the intragroup analysis, there was a significant difference (p=0.008). Based on subgroup analysis, there was also significant difference before and after the intervention in the mild glaucoma receiving 500 mg citicoline and in moderate-severe glaucoma receiving 1000 mg citicoline. RNFL and GCIPL thickness in both groups were tended to be stable. A side effect of nausea was found in two subjects who each received a dose of 500 mg and 1000 mg citicoline. Conclusion: There was an improvement in the MD and PSD values in both groups after 60 days of oral citicoline administration, but a significant difference was found in mild glaucoma group receiving 500 mg citicoline and in moderate-severe glaucoma receiving 1000 mg citicoline. The thickness of RNFL and GCIPL in both groups did not decrease after 60 days of citicoline administration.
Visual Function after Implantation of Multifocal Lens ACUNEX® VARIOMAX, Positioned in Two Variants, According to the Axis of Angle Kappa
Authors: A Cywinski
Published: January 2023

ACUNEX® VARIOMAX, an asymmetric multifocal lens was positioned in the eye in two extreme positions, adequately to the axis of angle kappa. This positioning was to answer the question whether the asymmetry of the lens structure in combination with the asymmetry of the position and the size of the pupil will have an impact on the obtained visual acuity to far and near distances. In the first variant, the part of the lens responsible for vision to far distances was more exposed in the pupil, while in the second - the part responsible for vision to near distances was positioned in this way. Taking into account the size of angle kappa, not exceeding the value of 0.640 mm, moderate, statistically significant correlations were found between the size of the pupil and the visual acuity to near distances in one position and to far distances in the other position. There were no statistically significant differences in the obtained values of visual acuity for both studied groups
Acute Kidney Injury and Urinary Sediment Abnormalities in Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Morocco
Authors: Jabrane Marouane , Benlenda Othmane , Lahlou Laila , Bouchoual Mohamed , Aghrouch Mohamed , Nassik Hicham , Arrayhani Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Background: The novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 targets mainly the respiratory system, but may in severe cases affect other organs, causing, multiorgan damage, including cardiac injury and acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of study was to determine the prevalence of AKI and urinary sediment abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 and evaluate the associated factors and outcomes in hospitalized patients.

Material and Methods: All laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the hospital during this period were involved in the study from 1st of July to the 1st of August 2020. Patients were subjected to Kidney function tests (KFT) and complete urine analysis.

Results: Eighty-six COVID-19 patients were included in the present study. The median age of the patients was 43,29 years, and 53,5 % were males. AKI developed in 17 patients (19,8%). Of these, 23,5% required renal replacement therapy (RRT), and 13,9 % patients died. 45 (51.7%) patients displayed abnormality in urinalysis, such as proteinuria, hematuria, leukocyturia and or urinary urothelial cell. Elderly patients, patients with associated comorbidities are more commonly affected. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval (95%CI)]: 1.006[0.95-1.06], p=0.8], diabetes mellitus (HR [95%CI]: 10,68 [1,78-64], p=0,009) and hyperleucocytosis (HR [95%CI]: 4,63 [1,01-21,1], p=0,04) were independent predictors of AKI.

Conclusion: Kidney dysfunction is common among patients with COVID-19. Patients who develop AKI have bad outcomes this brings us to give more interest in urinalysis and kidney impairment in COVID-19 patients, which should be monitored regularly.
Student Perceptions of Hybrid Courses in Higher Education
Authors: Unger Sanne , Simpson Carrie , Lecher Alanna , Goudreau Shara B.
Published: January 2023

Online open-ended and closed-ended surveys were conducted in 2014-2016 among 191 students at a small, private university located in South Florida. Our main goals were to evaluate student perceptions of in-class and out-of-class assignments in hybrid courses, determine what students value most about these modes of learning, and recommend ways to maximize advantages and minimize disadvantages of each. We discovered that students value instant feedback and interacting with their peers when they are in class as in-class assignments were rated significantly higher than out-of-class assignments (p < 0.05) and higher ratings were significantly associated with responses associated with student-student interaction (p <0.05). However, the time and place constraints of in-class work limits their ability to formulate their thoughts. Out-of-class assignments were appreciated for their flexibility of pace, time, and place, although students reported time-management problems as well. Like for in-class work, students valued the opportunity of reading their peers’ answers as higher assignment ratings for out-of-class assignments were significantly associated with students’ ability to read the responses of others. Although participants did not report an effect from specific learning differences, having to write for out-of-class work (as opposed to speaking in class) was reported as a hurdle. We discuss strategies for improving in-class and out-of-class assignments based on our study results.
Making Sense of Crisis: Instructional Designers’ Experiences with Emergency Remote Teaching
Authors: Moreno Rhia , Flood Lee D. , Rausch Meredith A , Takahashi Arthur , Kluge Stacy L
Published: January 2023

Following the transition to e-learning due to COVID-19, instructional designers (IDs) went into action to prepare faculty for distance education using new technologies and pedagogical approaches. The purpose of this qualitative study was to interpret how five members of an ID team at a U.S. higher education institution made sense of their experiences designing and implementing faculty-training courses to aid the emergency remote transition. Using sensemaking theory (Weick, 1988), this study explored their collective meaning-making process through collaborative multistep narrative and thematic analysis. The themes progressed on a storyline depicting their immediate action in response to the crisis, their felt emotions considering the challenges they encountered, their interpretations of collaboration and implementation, and their retrospective feelings of success. Implications of findings will contribute to continuity planning to inform future iterations of faculty-training courses as well as approaches to change and/or crisis impacting online instructional innovation within higher education.
How Online Learning Readiness Can Predict Online Learning Emotional States and Expected Academic Outcomes: Testing a Theoretically Based Mediation Model
Authors: Chien Hsiang-yu , Yeh Yu-Chen , Kwok Oi-Man
Published: January 2023

During the pandemic, online courses became the major delivery format for most institutions of higher learning across the United States and around the world. However, many students experienced emotional distress as a result and have struggled to adapt to remote learning. To explore how emotional distress relates to other aspects of online learning, including online learning readiness and academic outcome, we asked a sample of 80 college students to participate in an online survey in the fall semester of 2020. Two distinct online learning readiness patterns were found using k-means cluster analysis. Online learning-ready learners showed statistically significant differences from the not-ready online learners on anxiety, boredom, and satisfaction. Moreover, a three-path mediation model based on a theoretical relationship between online learning readiness, emotional state, and expectation of learning outcome was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results showed that readiness positively predicted satisfaction; furthermore, only satisfaction predicted learning expectation and expected grade. The implications of these findings and limitations of the study are discussed.
Applying Knowledge Management Processes to ‎Improve Institutional Performance ‎
Authors: Massoudi Aram H. , Birdawod Hawkar Q.
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to identify the role of knowledge management ‎processes in improving ‎the level of institutional performance in Cihan ‎University- Erbil, Iraq. For the purpose of ‎achieving the study objectives, a hypothesis has been formulated with two sub-‎hypotheses. The study relied on a descriptive analytical approach. The data were collected ‎by a questionnaire distributed randomly to 90 academic staff at Cihan University-Erbil ‎Campus, 74 valid responses were received. The results showed that knowledge ‎management ‎processes play an important role in improving the institutional performance ‎‎level of the institution studied. Also, the processes of ‎generating and storing knowledge ‎show have stronger correlation than the ‎processes of distributing and applying knowledge ‎in improving the institutional ‎performance level in the University. ‎The novelty of this ‏article comes from ‏its results and the set of ‎recommendations that will contribute to ‎raising the level of ‎institutional performance. ‎
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Indekost Pemuda Dengan Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (Saw)
Authors: Siregar Gunayanti Kemalasari , Susanto Lilik Joko
Published: January 2023

Housing development for youth is currently the main priority because boarding houses are considered ideal and practical places to choose a place to live. The number of enthusiasts who choose boarding houses for housing is due to many considerations, including cost, facilities, and strategic location. Due to these considerations, many young boarding houses choose suitable temporary housing. A Decision Support System (DSS) is a technique that can solve a problem in semi-systematic and non-systematic terms. This decision support system will later be made using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method with the hope of solving the problems experienced by students. The author's research steps are determining criteria and alternatives, collecting data from questionnaires distributed to students, carrying out calculations, and ranking alternatives. From the calculation results, it is obtained that Kost2 is the best alternative.
7. SINIF SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERSİNDE JİGSAW IV TEKNİĞİNİN ÖĞRENCİLERİN AKADEMİK BAŞARISINA VE DERSE KARŞI TUTUMUNA ETKİSİ
Authors: DEMİR Zekeriya , ÇAKMAK Zafer
Published: January 2023

Bu araştırma 7. Sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler dersinde üretim, tüketim ve dağıtım öğrenme alanına ait kazanımların işlenmesinde Jigsaw IV tekniğinin öğrencilerin akademik başarısına ve derse karşı tutumuna etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 2020/2021 eğitim öğretim yılı Aydın ili Nazilli ilçesinde bulunan Asımın Nesli Anadolu İmam Hatip Lisesi 7. Sınıf öğrencilerinden 39 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada ön test son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Akademik Başarı Testi ve Sosyal Bilgiler Tutum Ölçeği veri toplama araçları olarak belirlenmiştir. 5 Hafta olarak planlanan çalışmada deney grubuna iş birliğine dayalı öğrenme yöntemlerinden olan Jigsaw IV tekniği, kontrol grubuna ise okulun mevcut öğretim programı uygulanmıştır. Deney ve kontrol gruplarından elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada Jigsaw IV tekniğinin mevcut öğretim programında yer alan öğretim ve etkinliklere göre Sosyal Bilgiler öğretiminde öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını anlamlı derecede artırdığı ve derse karşı tutumlarını olumlu etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Determinación de la evapotranspiración con datos satelitales y de reanálisis utilizando Google Earth Engine
Authors: Degano María Florencia , Rivas Raúl Eduardo , Bayala Martín Ignacio
Published: January 2023

Los flujos verticales, dentro del ciclo hidrológico, son una de las variables de mayor relevancia en zona de llanura, dado que las pendientes varían entre 0% y 5%, y los flujos horizontales no son significativos. En este sentido, la evapotranspiración juega un rol fundamental en el manejo hídrico ya que alrededor del 85% del agua que sale del sistema lo hace mediante este proceso, requiriendo una cuantificación precisa. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es calcular la evapotranspiración potencial y real (ETp y ETr) con datos de satélite y reanálisis mediante el uso de la plataforma Google Earth Engine. Para su cálculo se tomó la ecuación de Priestley-Taylor (PT) combinado con información de humedad de suelo, con una resolución espacio-temporal de 250 m por 250 m cada 8 días, en la región Pampeana Argentina (RPA). El producto se valoró en siete estaciones de la RPA, cuyos resultados mostraron, para la ETp, un R-RMSE (error cuadrático medio robusto) de 0.5 mm d-1, un error sistemático (Mediana) de 0.3 mm d-1, y el error aleatorio (RSD- desviación estándar robusta) de 0.5 mm d-1 mientras que, para la ETr, estos valores son de 0.6, -0.2 y 0.5 mm d-1 respectivamente. Los resultados globales muestran que el método utilizado es una herramienta válida para caracterizar la ET en la RPA y que puede ser utilizado para analizar su variabilidad espacio-temporal diferentes condiciones extremas y realizar estudios ambientales aplicados.
Tamga Signs on a Silver Vessel from Yustyd (South Altai)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kubarev Gleb V.
Published: January 2023

The author for the first time reproduces and interprets the tamga-like and other signs on the silver vessel, found by V.D. Kubarev in 1976 in the early medieval memorial enclosure in the valley of the river Yustyd in the South Altai. In all 12 signs were carved on the vessel, half of them make two groups. One of them includes the tamgas of the Ashina dynasty Turks-togyu in the form of a goat figure, the other is the Karluk tamgas shaped as an acute angle. Other tamgas probably belonged to Tiele tribes. The sign, carved on the base of the Yustyd vessel, resembles a runic letter (nč), the most likely interpretation of it is the name of the vessel’s owner – Ench. The tamgas of Karluks and Ashina Türk dynasty on the silver mug from Yustyd could be a symbol of the contracting an alliance and/or a system of suzerainty-vassalage of these two the large Turkic-speaking nomadic groups between each other in the period of the Second Turkic Khaganate. Based on the historical events known from written sources, the author dates back to 682–710 both the Yustyd complex and the tamgas, carved on the vessel.
Some Features of the Historical Topography of Samarkand of the 17th Century
Authors:   Palacky University Olomouc, Malikov Azim M. , Umarov Anvar Sh. ,   Samarkand State University named after Sh.Rashidov
Published: January 2023

The authors analyze the main points of the town planning history of Samarkand in the 17th century. On the basis of written data, archaeological sources and unpublished archival materials, a reconstruction of the plan of the central part of Samarkand in the 17th century was carried out. The stages of the archaeological study are analyzed. Based on the observations of the earthworks on the territory of the former citadel of Timur and the ancient Samarkand, it was possible to identify some features of the topography of the administrative center of the city. On the basis of unpublished archival materials, the names of quarters, streets, quarter mosques of the city were revealed and the location of some of them was determined. Unpublished records of the results of archaeological studies on the location of monumental buildings that have not survived to the present in the Registan region are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the topography of one of the sacral centers of Samarkand in the area of the Shah-i-Zinda gates of the city. A hypothesis has been put forward that monumental buildings were built on the territory of the citadel, where with further archaeological studies it is possible to reveal unknown large architectural structures of the 16th –17th centuries.
Results of the Chemical Composition Analysis of Metal Mirrors of the Golden Horde Period Excavated in Mangup
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dushenko Anton A. , Antipenko Anna V. ,   Institute of Archaeology of Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

The collection of metal mirrors of the Golden Horde period of the Mangup hillfort, situated in the south-western part of the Crimea, includes 19 items. The chemical composition of 17 mirrors was studied using an M1 Mistral (Bruker) X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The measurements were carried out at three points on the front and back sides of the mirrors. Averages were calculated for each side. According to the results of the analysis, the mirrors are made of pewter bronze with additives of lead. The content of pewter in the alloy of mirrors from Mangup ranged from 10 to 38%. The share of lead was 1-17%. Analysis of dopants made it possible to distinguish three types of alloys. 11 mirrors are made of pewter-lead bronze (Cu + Sn + Pb), 4 mirrors are made of pewter-lead-antimony bronze (Cu + Sn + Pb + Sb), 1 mirror is made of tin-lead-zinc bronze (Cu + Sn + Pb + Zn). The differences between the identified types of alloys probably reflect formula variations of the “mirror” alloy composition within the unified craft tradition. The comparison of the chemical composition of the studied mirrors with the items from other regions gave the following results. The closest analogies to mirrors from Mangup were found on the territory of the Volga and Don rivers regions. Their alloy contains similar proportions of the main components. The only difference is the set of ore impurities. The results of the analysis of the chemical composition suggest the producing of Mangup mirrors in the Volga region. The morphological and stylistic similarities of mirrors from both regions can be considered as an additional argument in favor of this thesis.
Fabric from the Collection of Finds of the 13th–14th Centuries Found in the Tunka Valley (Republic of Buryatia)
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Kharinskii Artur V. ,   Irkutsk State University, Senyurina Yulia A. ,   Research Design and Survey Ethno-Archeological Center LLC, Ivanov Grigorii L. ,   Irkutsk museum of local history
Published: January 2023

Collection No. 192 is kept in the Irkutsk regional museum of local history. There is no documentation for the collection. Most of the items in the collection date back to 13th – 14th centuries. They are probably the accompaniments to burials excavated by B.E. Petri in the middle of 20s of 20th century in the Tunka valley on the Mondy 1 burial ground. The collection includes two fragments of silk fabric. On one of them, a leaf with a complicated edge is woven with gold threads, on the other – a parrot sitting on a peony shrub. It can be assumed that the first fragment is part of a ceremonial robe. The second fragment could have been part of boots, a handbag, or a large robe trimmed with fur. A silk headscarf with parrots and peonies embroidered with gold threads, similar to images from collection No. 192, was found in burial No. 6 of the Nogoon Gozgor 1 burial ground on the northern shore of Lake Khovsgol in Mongolia. Based on AMS14С dating, this burial, like Mondy 1, is dated to 14th century.
The Effect of Food Safety Incidents Experience on the Probability of Purchasing GAP-certified Agricultural Products
Authors:   The Korean Agricultural Economics Association, Ji Jeong Hun , Lee Sang Hyeon
Published: January 2023

Consumers’ perception of food safety can be influenced not only by the information but also by relevant experiences. Nevertheless, only a few studies have investigated how consumer experiences affect food safety consumption behavior. This study analyzes whether consumers’ negative experience(incidents) regarding food safety impacts their probability of purchasing Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) certified agricultural products. The Consumer Behavior Survey for Food Data of the Korea Rural Economic Institute was used for empirical analysis. The results showed that consumers who experienced food safety incidents are more likely to purchase GAP agricultural products than those who did not. However, the GAP agricultural product consumption behaviors of elderly consumers and low-income consumers did not change noticeably even after they experienced food safety incidents.
Load Balanced User Association Scheme in Planned Non-bias Small Cell Deployment
Authors: Thiagarajah Siva Priya , Bin Alias Mohamad Yusoff , Tan Wooi-Nee
Published: January 2023

The work presented in this paper focuses on developing a load-balanced user association scheme in a single Radio Access Technology (RAT) Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet). The optimization algorithm maximizes network capacity and optimal user association in a planned small cell deployment framework, considering Quality of Service (QoS) and network load balance. Planned deployment of small cells has many advantages, including controlled interference levels within the HetNet. The proposed Branch and Bound (BAB) based algorithms provide a more realistic interference scenario through the non-use of bias in the small cells. The proposed algorithm achieved higher load balancing than current schemes in literature and high spectral efficiency values.
The Development of ESP Approaches
Authors: Mohammed Ibtisam Jassim
Published: January 2023

Being the lingua-franca, English became dominant in every aspect of education, trade, commerce and international relations. English language teachers are required to respond for the needs of their learners. Such needs range from basic skills to advanced and specific needs. It is such advanced and specific needs which are the interest of English for Specific Purposes are. Motivated by the learning theories and views of language learning, the ESP practitioners have been trying with several approaches to respond to the needs of the students. While there are as many approaches to English for Specific Purposes as there are practitioners, this paper examines the three dominant approaches: language-centered, skills-centered and learning-centered approaches to course design. It highlights the development of each approach and sheds the light on its merits and demerits.
On the Use of Power-Based Parameters for Blowing Active Flow Control Systems
Authors: Oshima Emile K. , Gharib Morteza , Reichert Johannes , Wygnanski Israel J.
Published: January 2023

Boundary-layer control (BLC) of turbulent flows aims to compensate for mean frictional losses on a frozen configuration, while active flow control (AFC) seeks to alter the mean flow by exploiting instabilities. Since AFC performance is judged by the energy required to achieve a prescribed goal, it must be introduced into the aircraft design process at the early conceptual stages. For blowing applications, deciding whether to draw from engine bleed or install smaller compressors adjacent to the actuators is an important system-level consideration that requires the separation of the loss in the air supply system from the input that triggers and amplifies the exterior flow instabilities. The current paper exposes the inadequacy of the momentum coefficient that has primarily been used in the past to assess AFC efficacy and recommends two easily measurable fluid power coefficients to replace it. These enable direct comparisons of actuator efficiencies and system efficiencies, creating a link between the physics of flow control and system integration. This link is demonstrated first on a two-dimensional configuration that uses steady blowing, which is later extended to the use of sweeping jet actuators on a modular swept wing of finite aspect ratio.
Activism and Agency: Reflections on Emergent Queer Life Writing from Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Macheso Wesley
Published: January 2023

This article examines how queer authors from sub-Saharan Africa use writing about their lives to expose the vulnerabilities that they face in their specific communities and how they try to elude the restrictions of homophobia in their activism. I read Siya Khumalo’s You Have to be Gay to Know God (2018) and Brian Pellot’s edited collection Hopes and Dreams that Sound Like Yours: Stories of Queer Activism in Sub-Saharan Africa (2021) as autobiographical testimonies that explore means of queer activism in sub-Saharan Africa’s homophobic publics to challenge the sustenance of homophobia by dismantling its systematic ideological structures of power differentials in these societies. By championing activism, African queer writers engage in a process of creating new subjectivities that demand rights and visibility for their unthreatened presence on the continent. I argue that these life stories suggest that queer activism in sub-Saharan Africa ought to be multidimensional, inclusive, and cross-sectional to circumvent the prohibitions and restrictive forces of heteropatriarchy. The narratives also reveal that activism can become therapy and a source of resilience in the face of homophobia.
The cytological diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in bronchoalveolar lavage
Authors: Kapatia Gargi , Saikia Anjan , Mohapatra Dibyanshu Sekhar , Gupta Parikshaa , Rohilla Manish , Gupta Nalini , Srinivasan Radhika , Rajwanshi Arvind , Dey Pranab
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

Immunosuppressed individuals are more prone for opportunistic infections. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), previously known as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), is the most common opportunistic infection affecting people living with HIV. As PJP can cause life threatening serious infection to a patient, treatment should not be delayed for these cases. To study clinico-cytomorphological spectrum of PJP.

Material and Methods:

We analysed the clinical and detailed cytological features of 15 patients with PJP who were diagnosed on examination of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 38.4 years (range 13 – 61 years). A total of seven patients were HIV positive; five patients were post renal transplant, and one patient was a known case of acute leukaemia on immunosuppression. Presence of foamy alveolar casts (FACs) was the distinctive feature and was noted in 14 out of 15 cases. We detected 14 out of 15 cases accurately in BAL fluid cytology.

Conclusion:

BAL cytology is one of the important modes of investigations which can detect PJP infection. The history of fever, cough, immunosuppression, bilateral haziness in the radiography of lung and the characteristic alveolar cast indicate the possibility of PJP infection. Cytology can provide early diagnosis and can reduce the mortality of immunocompromised patients.
Vegan Kimliğin Tüketicilerin Satın Alma Davranışlarına Etkisi
Authors: BAŞBOZKURT Nazan , BAŞ Mehmet
Published: January 2023

Dünyayla paralel olarak Türkiye’de de vegan tüketim alışkanlığı artmaya devam ediyor. Literatürde vegan yaşam tarzını benimseyen tüketicilerin satın alma alışkanlıkları ve markalardan beklentileri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Bu nedenle çalışmanın temel amacı, vegan tüketicilerin işletmelerden beklentilerini ve vegan kimliğin satın alma davranışlarına etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma amacı ile ilgili veri toplamak için nitel araştırma yöntemlerden gözlem ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tercih edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda iki vegan tüketicinin giyim, gıda ve kozmetik sektöründeki satın alma davranışları üç ay boyunca gözlemlenmiştir. 23 farklı kişiyle de konu ile ilgili olarak görüşme yapılmıştır. Verilerin kendini tekrarlaması yaşandığı için sayının yeterli bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, tüketicilerin vegan olmasının gıda, giyim ve kozmetik sektörlerindeki davranışlarına etkisi vardır. Katılımcılar, markalardan vegan olmalarını beklemekle birlikte, bazı ürünlere de (yoğurt, tatlı, vegan hayvan maması gibi) Türkiye’de erişemediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Araştırma sonucuna göre, vegan tüketicinin en temel özelliğinin hayvansal ürün tüketmemek olduğunun bilinmesine rağmen, gıda sektöründe bile sıkıntı yaşamaktadırlar. Yoğurt gibi vegan ürünlerin olmaması nedeniyle yerli markalar için vegan gıda sektörü potansiyel bir pazar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunun, işletmelere vegan yaşam tarzını benimseye tüketiciler hakkında bilgi vereceği düşünülmektedir.