bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flower-visiting lizards as key ecological actors for an endemic and critically endangered plant in the Canary Islands
Authors: González-Castro Aarón , Siverio Felipe
Published: June 2024

Oceanic islands are places where biological assemblages are relatively simple, as compared to the mainland. On islands, however, pollinator assemblages may to be composed of a taxonomically disparate group of organisms (e.g. insects, lizards, and birds), some of them with opportunistic nectar-feeding behaviour. Here we investigated some components of pollination effectiveness of Lotus maculatus (Fabaceae), an endangered Canary Islands endemic. In a flower exclusion experiment, we bagged flowers and compared their subsequent fruit and seed set to that of control flowers. Number of interactions with vertebrate and invertebrate flower visitors was counted and it was recorded whether interactions were legitimate (potentially pollinating) or non-legitimate (nectar robbing). Additionally, we estimated pollen loads on lizards and looked for any relationship between reproductive success of individual plants and number of visits made by the top three flower-visiting species (in terms of both frequency of occurrence at censuses and number of floral visits). Bagged flowers fruited less and with fewer seeds than control flowers. The only observed flower-visiting vertebrate was the Tenerife lizard Gallotia galloti, whose interactions were always legitimate and with around a half of captured individuals carrying pollen grains. The most frequent flower-visiting insect was the honeybee Apis mellifera followed by the solitary bee Lasioglossum arctifrons. The honeybee, however, was only a nectar robber, and the solitary bee was not an effective pollinator, but rather a pollen gatherer. Fruit set by individual plants was positively related only to frequency of visits by the lizard. Thus, the lizard seems to play a key role in the conservation management of L. maculatus.
Peningkatan Kinerja Babinsa ditinjau dari Kompetensi dan Pengembangan SDM
Authors: Sembiring Zulkifer , Sembiring Ferikawita Magdalena
Published: June 2024

Abstract 
The success of the territorial training tasks carried out was greatly influenced by the role of Babinsa as the lowest implementing element in the Kodim 1006/Banjar organization. The performance of Babinsa Kodim 1006/Banjar is not yet optimal, which is a challenge. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competency and HR development on Babinsa's performance. The samples used were 170 Babinsa with cluster random sampling technique which were randomly selected. The results of the research show that competence, HR development, and Babinsa's performance are in the sufficient category. The results of the data analysis show that competency and human resource development have a significant positive effect on Babinsa's performance, both partially and simultaneously. The existence of a significant positive influence on competence and HR development on performance indicates that it is necessary to analyze the needs for training and human resource development so that Babinsa has competencies relevant to duties and responsibilities. Therefore, the leadership of Kodim 1006/Banjar must plan and identify competency and human resource development in order to improve Babinsa's performance at Kodim 1006/Banjar.
 
Abstrak
Keberhasilan tugas pembinaan teritorial yang diselenggarakan sangat dipengaruhi oleh peran Babinsa sebagai unsur pelaksana terendah dalam organisasi Kodim 1006/Banjar. Belum optimalnya kinerja Babinsa Kodim 1006/Banjar menjadi sebuah tantangan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi dan pengembangan SDM terhadap kinerja Babinsa. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 170 Babinsa dengan teknik cluster random sampling yang dipilih secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi, pengembangan SDM dan kinerja Babinsa dikategori cukup. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi, dan pengembangan SDM berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja Babinsa baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Adanya pengaruh positif signifikan kompetensi, dan pengembangan SDM terhadap kinerja menunjukkan bahwa perlu dilakukan analisis kebutuhan pelatihan dan pengembangan SDM agar Babinsa memiliki kompetensi yang relevan dengan tugas dan tanggung jawab. Maka dari itu, unsur pimpinan Kodim 1006/Banjar harus merencanakan dan mengidentifikasi kompetensi dan pengembangan SDM agar dapat meningkatkan kinerja Babinsa di Kodim 1006/Banjar.
Penyelamatan Perkaretan Nasional Melalui Kebijakan Peningkatan Konsumsi Karet Alam Domestik
Authors: Afandi Frendy Ahmad , Feryanto Feryanto
Published: May 2024

Perkaretan Indonesia saat ini tidak sedang dalam kondisi baik. Banyak pabrik pengolahan karet remah yang sudah mengalami penutupan. Jika kondisi tersebut tidak segera di atasi, bukan tidak mungkin karet alam Indonesia akan segera punah. Indonesia sebagai negara dengan lahan karet terluas di dunia dan produsen karet terbesar kedua perlu segera memikirkan langkah-langkah strategis untuk memitigasinya. Beberapa alternatif kebijakan yang dapat diusulkan adalah peningkatan penyerapan karet alam domestik melalui sektor pertanian, pertambangan, kesehatan, otomotif, infrastruktur, dan gaya hidup. Pilihan kebijakan yang dipilih adalah peningkatan konsumsi domestik melalui sektor infrastruktur berdasarkan analisis tabel input-output 2016.
MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF PHOTOPOLYMER PRINTING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Bordina G. , Lopina N. , Shabalin A. , Kanunnikov T.
Published: May 2024

Photopolymer printing technologies are getting increasingly popular especially in the medical field. They allow the creation of precise 3D models of organs, tissues, bones and other anatomical structures with a high degree of detail and accuracy. This ability has become particularly important in medical practice, where the accuracy and quality of the models are fundamental to assessing the patient’s condition, planning treatment and preparing surgery. This article considers technologies of stereolithographic printing in medicine and their practical application, advantages and disadvantages, in addition, the potential of the application of this technology to treat people who suffered serious injuries during a special military operation.
Kemampuan Spasial dan Model Mental Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kimia Universitas Mataram Selama Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Supriadi Supriadi , Wildan Wildan , Hakim Aliefman , Siahaan Jeckson , Haris Mukhtar , Ariani Sunniarti
Published: June 2024

Universitas Mataram telah melaksanakan pembelajaran daring selama dua semester melalui SPADA, Zoom meeting, atau Google meet, bahkan banyak yang menggunakan aplikasi Whatsapp. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kemampuan spasial dan model mental mahasiswa Pendidikan Kimia Universitas Mataram setelah melaksanakan pembelajaran daring selama pandemi pada mata kuliah kimia dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitian one group pre-test post-test design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 48 mahasiswa Pendidikan kimia Universitas Mataram. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan dua jenis instrumen, yaitu tes kemampuan spasial dan tes model mental. Data dianalisis dengan uji-t menggunakan software IBM SPSS Statistic 22. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terjadi perubahan kemampuan spasial pada mahasiswa antara sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran. Selain itu, model mental mereka juga tidak berubah selama pembelajaran daring. Model mental mahasiswa berbanding lurus dengan kemampuan spasial mereka.
Asesmen Diagnostik Non Kognitif Gaya Belajar Siswa Kelas XI di SMAN 1 Pangkalan Susu
Authors: Akbar M Ali , Ariska Raja Novi , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Pepayosa Enca
Published: June 2024

Mutu pendidikan merupakan tolak ukur kemajuan suatu Negara. Pemerintah memunculkan kebijakan Implementasi Kurikulum merdeka yang mulai aktif digunakan pada 2022 demi memperbaiki pendidikan di Indonesia. Pelaksanaan kurikulum baru ini membuat guru harus lebih mengevaluasi proses pembelajaran di sekolah yaitu dengan memberikan asesmen diagnostic nonkognitif di awal pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui mengetahui gaya belajar siswa kelas XI Mia melalui asesmen tes diagnostik non kognitif. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian deskriftif kualitatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi secara langsung kelapangan untuk mengumpulkan data primer. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan ialah teknik Milles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini ialah siswa kelas XI MIA 2 dan XI MIA 3 SMAN 1 Pangkalan Susu memiliki gaya belajar bervariasi dalam jumlah relatif sama. Kedua kelas kecenderungan gaya belajar visual. Keragaman variasi gaya belajar dimilki oleh setiap siswa berbeda, maka hal tersebut perlu diperhatikan oleh guru untuk menjalankan pembelajaran secara maksimal.
Quintais produtivos em periferias urbanas: O caso do Projeto Emancipação Social a partir da Soberania Alimentar
Authors: Santos Leonardo Bis
Published: June 2024

As condições históricas de desigualdade social no Brasil foram asseveradas pela pandemia de COVID-19, entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. Pessoas que vivem em comunidades de periferia urbana foram ainda mais impactadas no período e, como um subproduto desse processo, experienciaram aumentos nos índices de insegurança alimentar. Diante desse contexto, o Projeto Emancipação Social a partir da Soberania Alimentar teve como objetivo viabilizar a produção de alimentos saudáveis por meio da implantação de hortas urbanas verticais e horizontais – quintais produtivos – em uma comunidade de periferia urbana de Vitória/ES, bem como organizar, com a comunidade, ações de reeducação alimentar e educação ambiental. O projeto foi desenvolvido baseado na perspectiva da pesquisa-ação e na teoria da ação dialógica, conforme aportes teóricos de Michel Thiollent e Paulo Freire, respectivamente. Além da implantação de hortas horizontais e verticais e da produção de alimentos saudáveis, essa ação teve como resultado a mobilização comunitária e de instituições parceiras para promover a agroecologia em periferias urbanas, como elemento de combate à insegurança alimentar.
Atração luminosa e controle biológico: Maquete como prática educativa em Educação Ambiental
Authors: Vasconcelos Querino François de Oliveira , Ferreira Osania Emerenciano , Correa Taís Arthur
Published: June 2024

O presente trabalho relata o uso de maquetes como prática educativa em Educação Ambiental com alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola municipal de Frutal-MG. O emprego de metodologias ativas na formação inicial discente, incentiva o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico reflexivo sobre o ambiente que os cercam e sobre como mudanças de ocupação do espaço provocados pelas ações humanas podem influenciar em ambientes naturais. O objeto de estudo foi o desenvolvimento de um projeto temático ilustrando o funcionamento de uma miniusina associada ao cinturão de preservação natural, através de uma maquete em 3D, e como este poderia contribuir com o controle de insetos e pragas. O trabalho permitiu aos alunos a ilustração de forma lúdica e dinâmica do espaço industrial, as ações antrópicas e sua relação com o meio ambiente. A Educação Ambiental no ambiente escolar permite ao discente o aprender com o próprio ambiente que o cerca, pois, permite tomar um tema ambiental local como gerador de ação conscientizadora e transformadora.
Design and content validity of mathematics creative problem-solving ability instrument for junior high school students
Authors: Ulya Himmatul , Sugiman Sugiman , Rosnawati Raden
Published: May 2024

This research aims to design and validate the contents of the mathematical creative problem-solving (MCPS) instrument to measure creative problem-solving skills. This instrument consists of four aspects, each with related items representing latent variables for promoting students’ MCPS. An instrument construct that contains aspects of divergent and convergent thinking is presented. The stimulus provided is real problems in everyday life (real-world situations) with tiered levels of structure of the observed learning outcome (SOLO) taxonomy. The question structure developed is in the form of near-transfer and far-transfer questions. The content validity process is presented by seven expert validators experienced in mathematics, mathematics education, and measurement. The level of agreement between expert assessments is determined using the Aiken formula. Aiken coefficient for all items is above the good threshold. The instrument developed has demonstrated strong content validity and is recommended for measuring MCPS skills of junior high school students.
Cellular immunity in women aged 20–40 living in different climatic and geographic regions
Authors: Shchegoleva L. S. , Shashkova E. Yu. , Sergeeva T. B.
Published: June 2024

The aim. To identify phenotypic features of adaptive cellular immune responses in young women living in different climatic and geographic regions.

Materials and methods. We examined 63 apparently healthy women, including 25 residents of Sovpolye settlement, Arkhangelsk region (Arctic region) and 38 residents of Tskhinvali (Republic of South Ossetia) aged 20–40. The content of lymphocytes, their phenotypes CD4+, CD8+, CD3+, CD5+, CD16+, CD10+, CD71+, CD25+, HLA-DR+ and CD95+, CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) glycoprotein, and interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-10 cytokines was studied. Lymphocytes phenotyping was performed by indirect immunoperoxidase reaction using monoclonal antibodies (MedBioSpektr, Moscow) on “dried drop” lymphocyte sample with peroxidase conjugate and chromogen solution staining for immersion microscopy analysis (Nicon 50i, Japan). The content of CEA glycoprotein and cytokines was determined using ELISA.

Results. In women living in Arctic region, a deficiency of CD5+, CD3+, CD10+, CD95+, CD71+, CD25+, HLA-DR+ cells, CEA and IL-6 concentrations is associated with high concentrations of CD8+ and IL-10. In women living in Southern region, a slight deficiency of CD5+, CD8+ and CD95+ cells is associated with high concentrations of CEA, IL-6, IL-10 and CD10+, CD16+ and HLA-DR+ cells.

Conclusion. In inhabitants of different climatic regions, the features of formation of adaptive immune reactions are determined by different quantitative and qualitative composition of lymphocytes and cytokines phenotypes. Reduction of reserve capabilities of immune homeostasis is detected 3 times more often in inhabitants of the Arctic region.
Comparative assessment of structural changes in the prostate after bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser enucleation of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Notov I. K. , Zalavina S. V. , Mashak S. V. , Bgatova N. P. , Pozdnyakova S. V. , Savchenko S. V. , Notov K. G.
Published: June 2024

Background. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in older men. Transurethral surgery in BPH is the gold standard for treatment, but the techniques differ in the energy used. Considering the different mechanisms of action of bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser energy on prostate tissue, the study of structural changes under their influence is relevant.

The aim. To study the features of structural changes in the prostate during bipolar plasma and thulium fiber laser enucleation of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Methods. Thirty one patients with BPH were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 17) underwent transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate; Group 2 (n = 14) underwent transurethral thulium fiber laser enucleation. Fragments of the surgical prostate capsule were collected intraoperatively and were processed according to standard examination protocols using light and electron microscopy. The width of coagulation necrosis, the relief of the dissection line, the severity of cell and the prostate intercellular matrix destruction were taken into account.

Results. Studies have shown the clinical and functional perioperative homology of the compared methods of surgical treatment of BPH. Data from light and electron prostate microscopy showed a greater damaging effect of bipolar plasma energy, which is manifested by a larger width of the zone of coagulation necrosis, a torn and raised appearance of the dissection line, and pronounced integrity violations of cellular elements and intercellular matrix components. Laser exposure causes less pronounced changes, which indicates a more gentle effect of the thulium fiber laser on the prostate components.

Conclusion. The obtained microscopy results indicate that the intraoperative action of a thulium fiber laser is less traumatic for the cells and intercellular matrix of the surgical prostate capsule compared to bipolar plasma exposure.
Trigeminal neuralgia at the present stage: Pathophysiology, classification, diagnosis and treatment (literature review)
Authors: Zhurkin A. N. , Semenov A. V. , Shurygina I. A. , Lozovskaya E. A. , Sorokovikov V. A. , Samoylov E. P.
Published: June 2024

The incidence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is 4–5 cases per 100,000 population per year, and the prevalence is about 20–50 cases per 100,000 population. According to the modern classification, the following types of TN are distinguished: classical, symptomatic and idiopathic. The cause of classical TN is a neurovascular conflict, of symptomatic TN – neoplasms in the petroclival area, vascular anomalies, multiple sclerosis, etc. In the absence of a reliable etiological factor, TN is considered idiopathic. TN pathogenesis remains one of the most challenging topics in neuroscience. Today, there are many theories and hypotheses regarding the peripheral and central mechanisms of trigeminal neuralgia. The most popular theory is the neurovascular conflict that occurs between the trigeminal nerve and the cerebral vessels, but this theory is not the only one. It is known that even after microvascular decompression, patients may continue to experience facial pain. Therefore, other pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed: short circuit theory, multineuronal mechanism, allergic and immune hypothesis, gate theory, bioresonance hypothesis, trigeminal convergence projection theory, “ignition” hypothesis and ion channel pathology. TN is a clinical diagnosis, and its establishing requires certain criteria proposed by the International Headache Society. Using instrumental research methods, namely magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, is necessary for the differential diagnosis of classical and symptomatic TN, and imaging results should always be interpreted in combination with clinical data to make correct decisions on further treatment tactics.
The relationship of sphingolipid mechanisms with oxidative stress and changes in mitochondria during functional unloading of postural muscles
Authors: Protopopov V. A. , Sekunov A. V. , Panov A. V. , Bryndina I. G.
Published: June 2024

Background. Prolonged inactivity of skeletal muscles is accompanied by the development of oxidative stress and changes in sphingolipid metabolism. The relationship of sphingolipid mechanisms with generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in muscles subjected to functional unloading has not been studied.

The aim. To identify the relationship between changes in sphingomyelinase and ceramide abundance and ROS production in rat soleus muscle during functional unloading.

Methods. Male Wistar rats were subjected to hindlimb suspension for 12 hours or 14 days with the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) inhibitor amitriptyline (AMI). The levels of ASM, ceramide and ROS were determined by fluorescence microscopy on histological sections. Pro-oxidant enzymes (NADPH oxidases 2 and 4 (NOX2 and NOX4)), cytochrome c oxidase (COX IV), the regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha) in muscle homogenates were studied by Western blotting, which also was used for assessment of ceramide and ASM in the isolated mitochondrial fraction. The effects of sphingomyelinase and prooxidants on ceramide, ASM, ROS and NOX2 levels were studied in an ex vivo model by incubating the muscle with exogenous sphingomyelinase or H2O2.

Results. 12-hour hindlimb suspension was accompanied by an increase in the level of ASM and ceramide in rat soleus muscle. Unloading for 14 days was characterized by an increase in ASM, ceramide, ROS, NOX2, NOX4 and a decrease in COX IV and PGC-1α levels. ASM and ceramide were also increased in the mitochondrial fraction of muscle. The ASM inhibitor amitriptyline partially or completely prevented the changes caused by the unloading. In the ex vivo model, the stimulating effect of exogenous sphingomyelinase on the ROS and NOX2 levels in rat soleus muscle was found, whereas H2O2 stimulated muscle ASM and ceramide production.

Conclusion. A close relationship has been established between the sphingomyeli-nase pathway of ceramide formation and ROS production in skeletal muscle under conditions of functional unloading.
Effect of composite collagen containing hydrogel on the functional activity of fibroblasts after acid-induced in vitro injury
Authors: Markov P. A. , Eremin P. S. , Gilmutdinova I. R. , Greben A. I. , Kostromina E. Yu. , Sokolov А. S. , Artemyeva I. A.
Published: June 2024

It is well known that the acidity of the microenvironment has a significant impact on the functional activity of cells involved in tissue repair. To date, the effect of biomaterials containing components of the human dermis intercellular matrix on fibroblasts under acidosis has not been fully studied.

The aim of the study. To evaluate the effect of a composite hydrogel containing dermal components on the functional activity of intact fibroblasts and fibroblasts with acid-induced dysfunction.

Materials and methods. To simulate the physicochemical conditions of acute inflammation, human fibroblasts were incubated for an hour at 39 °C in a nutrient medium overacidified to pH = 6. The morphometric characteristics of human skin fibroblasts were assessed using light and fluorescence microscopy methods. The number of apoptotic cells and proliferation index were assessed using flow cytometry.

Results. It has been established that exposure of fibroblasts to an acidic medium inhibits their adhesive properties and reduces the rate of cell growth. The introduction of hydrogel into a cell suspension with damaged cells restores adhesive properties and cell growth. In the fibroblast population, after acid exposure, the number of living cells decreases, and the number of apoptotic cells increases. Cultivation of damaged fibroblasts in the presence of a composite hydrogel increases the number of living cells in the population and reduces the number of apoptotic cells. Acid-induced fibroblast damage reduces the proliferative activity index. It was revealed that the introduction of hydrogel into the culture medium stimulates the proliferative activity of both intact and damaged fibroblasts. The results obtained indicate that a composite hydrogel consisting of extracellular matrix components is capable of restoring the functional activity of fibroblasts damaged as a result of exposure to an acidic medium. The results obtained can be used to create biomaterials that increase the efficiency of skin regeneration in cases of excessively intense acute inflammation.
Low-grade inflammation in the post-COVID period as a strategic goal of treatment and rehabilitation
Authors: Beloglazov V. A. , Yatskov I. A. , Useinova R. Kh.
Published: June 2024

As of the beginning of 2023, there are more than 660 million convalescents of a new coronavirus infection in the world, however, even despite successful treatment of the acute period of the disease, such patients have a high risk of developing long-term complications in the post-COVID period, primarily cardiovascular events. One factor that seriously increases the risk of these complications is the state of lowgrade systemic inflammation (LGSI). LGSI is not a clinical diagnosis, it is characterized by a level of C-reactive protein in peripheral blood in the range of 3–10 mg/l and is most often detected during routine examination of patients, who in most cases have no clinical symptoms. In this regard, the condition of LGSI most often remains unnoticed and unreasonably ignored, despite quite extensive literature data on the effect of LGSI on the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. The development of drug therapy for LGSI is complicated by the multifactorial etiology of this condition. The causes of LGSI can be both genetic factors, which are practically impossible to correct, and conditions that are amenable to drug and non-drug treatment, such as, for example, increased intestinal permeability to pro-inflammatory agents, including lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative flora, the presence of a chronic untreated infection site and endocrine pathology (obesity and type 2 diabetes). This review presents the main information to date on the state of LGSI in patients who had a new coronavirus infection, including the results of our own observations of patients who have undergone a course of rehabilitation measures, as well as the most significant, in our opinion, factors predisposing to the development of LGSI in such patients.
Comparative analysis of the effect of drugs lowering intraocular pressure on a primary culture of human corneal epithelium and A549 immortalized cell line
Authors: Fisenko N. V. , Subbot A. M. , Yusef Yusef , Osipyan G. A. , Panova A. D. , Agliamutdinov R. R.
Published: June 2024

Background. Glaucoma as one of the most common eye diseases can be a comorbid condition of an epithelial corneal defect of various etiologies. Maintaining an optimal level of ophthalmotonus includes the prescription of antiglaucoma drugs, including benzalkonium chloride-preserved drugs.

The aim of the study. To compare the effect of antiglaucoma drugs, as well as benzalkonium chloride (BC), on a primary culture of human corneal epithelium and A549 immortalized cell line.

Methods. The effect of brimonidine, dorzolamide and timolol (1/100, 1/50, 1/20 and 1/10 dilutions; exposure 24 hours) on a monolayer of a human corneal epithelial primary culture and A549 immortalized cell line was assessed by structural changes in cells (phase-contrast microscopy) and MTT assay data. The cytotoxic effect of BC was studied in concentrations corresponding to its content in these dilutions of the antiglaucoma drug. Using a model of a linear defect in the monolayer of a corneal epithelial primary culture and A549 immortalized cell line, the effects of brimonidine, dorzolamide and timolol (1/100 and 1/20 dilutions; exposure 48 hours) were assessed by cell migration activity.

Results. Among drugs (BC-free), dorzolamide (1/50, 1/20 and 1/10 dilutions) causes minor structural changes in human corneal epithelium and A549 immortalized cell line; timolol (1/100, 1/50, 1/20 and 1/10 dilutions) causes minor structural changes in A549 immortalized cell line. Structural changes in both types of cells, a decrease in their metabolic and migration activity occur under the influence of dorzolamide, brimonidine and timolol (BC-preserved) in 1/100, 1/50, 1/20 and 1/10 dilutions. BC at the studied concentrations exhibits a similar effect.

Conclusion. The cytotoxic effect of antiglaucoma drugs is caused by the presence of BC in their composition. Despite similar morphofunctional changes in cells, A549 immortalized cell line is more resistant to the effects of drugs than the human corneal epithelial primary culture. When using it as a cellular model, it is advisable to change the experimental conditions (duration of exposure and concentration of the studied drug).
Influence of a polymorphic genes combination on the risk of developing intestinal infections, induction of regulatory and effector peptides
Authors: Epifantseva N. V.
Published: June 2024

Background. The high incidence rate, the severity and the occurrence of complications determine the relevance of intestinal infections today. The individual’s immune response, which is controlled by the polymorphism of inflammatory protein genes is significant in the development and course of the disease. This issue in relation to intestinal infections has been understudied and is of interest in researching the influence of gene polymorphism on the development of intestinal infections.

The aim. To establish the presence of an associative relationship between the set of IL-2 T330G and TLR-4 ASP299GLY polymorphic genes and the likelihood of developing an acute intestinal infection, as well as the role of a combination of genes in induction of inflammatory proteins.

Materials and methods. The study included 108 people with acute intestinal infection and 94 apparently healthy volunteers. To determine the concentration of cytokines, immunoglobulins, we used blood serum and Vector-Best (Koltsovo, Russian Federation) test systems. The polymorphism of the IL-2 T330G and TLR-4 ASP299GLY genes was determined by PCR using Litekh LLC (Moscow, Russian Federation) primers. Statistical analysis was carried out using the ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors) principle and SAMPL (Statistical Analyses and Methods in Published Literature) recommendations by MS Excel 2010 (Microsoft Corp., USA) and Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA) software.

Results. When constructing the ROC curve, the area under the curve was within 0.77, sensitivity – 0.9, specificity – 0.5 (95% confidence interval: 0.7–0.84; p < 0.001). These results are at a good prognostic level with a high risk of the disease development. Comparing the level of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, immunoglobulins between the patients with -299А/А+-330GG haplotype of TLR4 ASP299GLY and IL-2 T330G genes and the carriers of only the dominant allele A of the TLR4 A/A299 genotype or only the minor allele G of IL-2 G/G330 we found no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05).

Conclusion. Among carriers of the -299А/А+-330GG haplotype of the TLR4 ASP299GLY and IL-2 T330G genes, the risk of the intestinal infection development increases, but this haplotype does not affect the production of inflammatory molecules.
Insecticidal potency of entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus subtilis on cockroach (Periplaneta americana)
Authors: Babatunde Abiodun Kelly
Published: May 2024

The effect of exposing cockroaches to entomopathogenic bacteria isolated from the diseased specie was examined based on established parameters. Cockroaches were collected from residential areas in Akure metropolis in Nigeria using a bread and beer trap, brought to the laboratory, housed in wooden cages with wire nettings, provided with starch-based food and sterile water. Collected cockroaches were observed for the onset of possible disease symptoms amongst the population for several weeks. Resulting moribund and dead cockroaches were aseptically picked, surface sterilized and homogenized inside a sterile mortal with a buffer. Bacteria were isolated from the homogenate using various general and specialized media. Isolated bacteria include; Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Citrobacter freundii, Bacillus licheniformis, Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter aerogenes. The bacterial isolates were used to re-infect healthy cockroaches out of which only Bacillus subtilis was able to cause disease in the cockroaches. The bacteria were then inoculated into another set of healthy cockroaches at varying concentrations to obtain the minimum lethal concentrations capable of causing disease and it was discovered that the organism was able to cause disease in cockroaches at concentration of 108 cfu/ml. Although Bacillus subtilis is yet to enjoy a global recognition as a biocontrol agent to be used in the formulation of biopesticides compared to other organisms such as Bacillus thuringiensis, its insecticidal properties have many potential applications especially in integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Incorporation of pesticidal products - formulated using Bacillus subtilis - into IPM strategies, farmers can significantly reduce the usage of chemical insecticides thus minimizing its toxic environmental impact.
Farmers' perceptions of organic farming innovation attributes in Batur village, Getasan district, Semarang regency, Indonesia
Authors: Timothy Rayo Sebastian  , Tinjung Mary Prihtanti
Published: May 2024

The Organic Farming Village (DPO) Program is one of the Semarang Regency government's efforts to realize sustainable agriculture. The program takes the form of counseling and providing organic agricultural production facilities, which, among others, were given to four farmer groups that cultivate vegetables, namely Tranggulasi, Bangkit Merbabu, Minang Bangkit Merbabu, and Karya Muda Bangkit Merbabu in Batur Village, Getasan District, Semarang Regency. Perception and participation are essential aspects of the success of the (OFV) program. This research aims to determine the level of farmers' perceptions regarding the attributes of organic agricultural innovation. This research used a quantitative descriptive method with descriptive statistic technique for 46 organic farmer respondents who were determined using proportional random sampling. The research results show that the level of perception of innovation attributes, including relative advantage, suitability, complexity, testability, and observability of the results, is considered very high with percentage values ​​of 85%, 84%, 82%, 87%, and 79%;
Pengaruh Komunikasi Pemasaran Lemonilo Terhadap Peningkatan Brand Awareness Produk Mi Instan Lemonilo di Komunitas Fandom NCTZEN Ambon (Studi Kasus Penggunaan Brand AmbassadorNCT Dream)
Authors: Marpaung Setia , Rahawarin Rosdawiyah
Published: June 2024

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan mengevaluasi pengaruh strategikomunikasi pemasaran Lemonilo, khususnya melalui penggunaan Brand AmbassadorNCT Dream, terhadap kesadaran merek Mi Instan Lemonilo di komunitas fandomNCTzen Ambon. Metode analisis regresi sederhana digunakan untuk mengevaluasihubungan antara variabel Komunikasi Pemasaran (X) dan Brand Awareness (Y).Responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 58 orang, dimana mayoritasmenunjukkan tingkat kesadaran merek yang tinggi terhadap produk Mi InstanLemonilo. Uji Validitas menggunakan teknik korelasi Pearson Product Moment dan UjiReliabilitas Alpha Cronbach dengan bantuan SPSS 23. Hasil analisis regresimenunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel KomunikasiPemasaran dan Brand Awareness (F = 52.52, p < 0.05). Nilai koefisien determinasi (RSquare) sebesar 0.484 menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 48.4% variasi dalam BrandAwareness dapat dijelaskan oleh Komunikasi Pemasaran. Mayoritas responden(91.4%) dapat dengan mudah mengenali logo atau kemasan Mi Instan Lemonilo, dansebagian besar juga dapat mengingat iklan atau promosi terkait (86.2%). Studi iniPengaruh Komunikasi Pemasaran Lemonilo terhadap Peningkatan Brand Awareness Produk Mi Instan Lemonilo di KomunitasFandom NCTzen Ambon memberikan dasar yang kuat untuk pengembangan strategi komunikasi pemasaranlebih lanjut, terutama menggunakan selebriti sebagai Brand Ambassador untukmeningkatkan kesadaran merek di kalangan komunitas penggemar. Kesimpulan daripenelitian ini adalah bahwa upaya komunikasi pemasaran, khususnya melalui BrandAmbassador, secara positif memengaruhi kesadaran merek Mi Instan Lemonilo dikalangan komunitas fandom NCTzen Ambon. Temuan ini mendukung pentingnyapenggunaan strategi komunikasi yang tepat dalam membangun kesadaran merek dipasar yang spesifik, seperti yang terjadi dalam komunitas fandom pada tingkat lokal.Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam konteks pengembangan strategikomunikasi pemasaran yang lebih efektif dalam komunitas penggemar danpenggunaan selebriti sebagai Brand Ambassador.Kata-kata kunci : Komunikasi Pemasaran; Brand Ambassador; Brand Awareness; Mi InstanLemonilo, NCTzen Ambon.
Tinjauan Filsafat Sains pada Konsep Horsepower dalam Pembelajaran Fisika
Authors: Asbanu Dens
Published: June 2024

Teaching physics concepts using a philosophy of science approach is important for understanding how physical scientists develop theories. The concepts of quantities, units, and dimensions in physics, such as horsepower (hp), are fundamental to learning from school to college. However, there is still a lack of philosophical understanding of the concept of horsepower in the context of physics teaching, leading to a deficiency in this understanding. This study proposes a philosophical exploration of the concept of horsepower from the perspectives of epistemology, ontology, and axiology. The research methods used include in-depth literature studies, conceptual analysis, and case studies related to the implications of horsepower in automotive industrial engineering. The results demonstrate that the concept of horsepower can be examined from various philosophical perspectives, including aspects of epistemology in its development, ontology in understanding its existence, and axiology in considering the values associated with its use. This philosophical exploration not only enhances the understanding of physics concepts but also encourages deeper reflection on the relationship between humans, technology, and nature
Karakteristik Ibu Hamil Dengan Anemia Mikrositik Hipokromik Di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar
Authors: ARI BAYU MURTI
Published: June 2024

Anemia defisiensi besi merupakan salah satu jenis anemia mikrositik hipokromik yang sering ditemukan pada ibu hamil dan kasus tertinggi kedua di Provinsi bali pada tahun 2021 terjadi di Kabupaten Gianyar. Berbagai faktor risiko berkaitan dengan kondisi tersebut seperti usia kehamilan dan usia ibu hamil. Pada beberapa penelitian sebelumnya didapatkan hasil yang bervariasi. Salah satu studi menemukan anemia lebih banyak terjadi pada ibu hamil dengan usia di bawah 20 tahun dan di atas 35 tahun. Namun studi lain mendapatkan anemia banyak terjadi pada usia 20 hingga 35 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Karakteristik Ibu hamil dengan Anemia Mikrositik Hipokromik di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar berdasarkan usia ibu, usia kehamilan, derajat anemia pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 orang. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan angka kejadian anemia berdasarkan usia ibu hamil paling banyak pada usia 20 hingga 35 tahun sebanyak 93 (93%) yang terjadi pada trimester III kehamilan sebanyak 86 kasus (86%) dengan klasifikasi derajat anemia ringan sebanyak 76 kasus (76%). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan kasus anemia mikrositik hipokromik di RSUD Sanjiwani didominasi oleh ibu hamil dengan usia 20 hingga 35 tahun yang terjadi pada trimester III dengan anemia ringan.
An 8-year-old child with Encephalitis Rabies due to delayed case finding, proper Post Exposure Prophylaxis for Rabies infection a case report
Authors: ANDRI ADRIANUS
Published: June 2024

Background and Purpose: Until April 2023, it has been documented about 31.113 case of animal rabies-borne bite, which 23.211 cases are given Post Exposure Prophylaxis Anti Rabies Vaccine and 11 death cases in Indonesia and 95% of them are caused by dog bite. This case report was conducted to describe a rare case of an 8 years old child presenting with late complication of encephalitis in Borong General Hospital due to the delayed case finding, management and proper prophylaxis for Rabies infection.
Case: One day prior to admission, an 8-year-old girl with irritability, aggressive behavior, and severe speech abnormalities reported to the emergency room. These symptoms quickly escalated to confusion and disturbed mental status. One month before to presentation, the patient's parents stated that his right arm had been bitten by a stray dog. Because there were no obvious bite marks and the family was not aware of the dog bite, PEP was not requested. In the previous five days, her parents described experiences of hydrophobia, photophobia, and aerophobia. The patient's health deteriorated two hours after admission, and palpating the carotid artery revealed that there was no pulse. Despite performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ROSC was not reached.
Conclusion: Animal rabies control and surveillance are essential, particularly in locations where the disease is endemic. PEP is extremely effective and ought to be given as soon as possible following an exposure to reduce the high fatality rate.
Keywords: aware, PEP, mortality, irritability
Kesiapan Siswa dalam Menghadapi Pembelajaran Digital: Analisis Bibliometrik
Authors: Thahir Muthahharah , Amalia Kaniati , Thahir Wahyuni , Widiawati Widiawati , Asri Kholifatul Husna , Nurlatifah Siti
Published: June 2024

This study aims to map the results of publications on the topic of student readiness and digital learning. The method used is bibliometric analysis. The data used in this research comes from CrossRef. The data search is carried out through the Publish or Perish application. The search results yielded a total of 599 articles in English. The keywords used to search for articles are "Student Readiness" and "Digital Learning". The results of this study indicate that research on student readiness is still small when compared to research on digital learning topics. In addition, there is no research that directly analyzes how students are prepared to face digital learning, this can certainly be novelty for future researchers who will research digital learning. The suggestion from this study is that researchers conduct research related to student learning readiness in digital learning such as student readiness in distance learning or student readiness in using digital learning media.
Konseling Behavioral Teknik Self-Management untuk Meningkatkan Penyesuaian Diri pada Siswa
Authors: Permadin Meiga latifah Putri , Marjo Happy Karlina
Published: June 2024

The problem in this study is the lack of self-adjustment in first year students at public junior high schools. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of individual counseling with a behavioral approach to self-management techniques to improve self-adjustment in first-year students at state junior high schools. The experimental research design used in this study was Single Subject Research (SSR) with a single subject type (single subject design). The subjects of this study were two class VII students of SMP Negeri 2 Kelapa Dua. Data collection techniques used the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS) instrument and interviews. The results showed that there was an increase in self-adjustment to students who were given individual counseling services using a behavioral approach to self-management techniques to improve self-adjustment in first-year students at state junior high schools. This is evidenced by the changes in the two subjects after the implementation of counseling. It can be concluded that individual counseling with a behavioral approach to self-management techniques is effective in improving self-adjustment in first-year students at public junior high schools.
A Psychological Pressure in Novels: “MENYUSU CELENG”
Authors: Setya Adi Atanasius Raka , Tyas Theresia Prias Hayu Purbaning
Published: June 2024

The content of the research aims to: 1) find out what factors or causes of psychological pressure are contained in the novel "Menyusu Celeng" 2) knowing the forms of psychological pressure contained in the novel "Menyusu Celeng".  3) find out what the effects of psychological pressure are contained in the novel " Menyusu Celeng". In this study, the researcher used the mixed method used to analyze documents in the novel "Menyusu Celeng".  The researcher use Qualitative Data Analyze Miner (4.0) as an application to help classify and analyze data. Based on the results of the data analysis, it was found: 1) The psychological pressure factor that has the greatest percentage in the novel "Menyusu Celeng" derived from the environment around a person or individual.  2) The greatest impact of psychological pressure identified in the novel "Menyusu Celeng" the emotion which is also divided into positive emotions (eustress) and negative emotions (distress). 3) Psychological pressure received by individuals is most revealed in the novel " Menyusu Celeng" with aggressive behavior.
К вопросу об искусственном разведении осетровых на Волге на основе аквапоники
Authors: Сеитов С.К.
Published: June 2024

Действующие в России заводы по разведению осетровых в целях восстановления их популяции не могут выйти на приемлемую рентабельность без государственной поддержки. В статье рассматривается возможность повышения экономической отдачи от рыбоводства за счет развития сопутствующих видов деятельности. А именно, обосновывается экономическая эффективность аквапонного комплекса, специализирующегося на совместном разведении осетров и выращивании ягод. Раскрыты природно-экологические основы процессов истощения запасов осетровых в России, рассмотрены масштабы данной экологической проблемы на реке Волге. Обобщены результаты финансового моделирования аквапонного комплекса, проведен анализ экономических выгод от применения аквапонной технологии разведения осетровых, разработаны практические рекомендации по внедрению предложенного подхода.
PENGOLAHAN KOTORAN TERNAK SAPI MENJADI BIOGAS DAN PUPUK ORGANIK DI DESA PURNAKARYA, KECAMATAN TANRALILI, KABUPATEN MAROS, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Zaman Nur , Bachtiar Erniati , Gala Selfina , Nuraliyah Andi
Published: June 2024

Salah satu usaha peternakan sapi yang berpotensi untuk menghasilkan teknologi biogas dan pupuk organik adalah peternakan Kareem Farm yang berlokasi di Jalan Reformasi Dusun Tangnga, Desa Purnakarya, Kecamatan Tanralili, Kabupaten Maros, Sulawesi Selatan. Peternakan tersebut telah memiliki kandang sapi dengan kapasitas 40 ekor sapi, namun yang ada sekarang terdapat 28 ekor dengan jenis yang berbeda. Permasalahan utama pada usaha peternakan sapi Kareem Farm adalah menumpuknya limbah/kotoran sapi disekitar kandang. Kondisi sekarang, satu ekor sapi menghasilkan 8 kg kotoran perhari. Dalam satu hari dapat menghasilkan sekitar 224 kg limbah/kotoran. Kotoran tersebut hanya dibuang disekitar kandang dan belum dapat diolah dan dimanfaatkan dengan baik karena keterbatasan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang potensi ekonomi/bisnis dan pengolahan limbah ternak sapi menjadi nilai tambah ekonomi.Â  Banyaknya limbah kotoran sapi yang mencapai 224 kg per hari membuat limbah kotoran tersebut setiap harinya semakin menumpuk di sekitar kandang, hal ini membuat lingkungan kandang sapi menjadi semakin kotor, kuantitas kotoran yang semakin hari semakin banyak, sehingga menimbulkan bau yang tidak sedap dan menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan disekitar masyarakat. Timbulnya bau tersebut dapat memicu terjadinya konflik sosial, karena mengganggu masyarakat yang bermukim disekitarnya. Permasalahan tersebut dieselesaikan dengan Masukanya PKM pengolahan kotoran ternak sapi menjadi suatu produk yakni Biogas dan Pupuk Organik. Intalasi biogas dan pelatihan biogas dan pupuk organik dari ternak sapi telah dilakukan pada peternakan Kareem Farm dan masyarakat sekitarnya peternakan tersebut. Disamping itu terbentuk kelompok tani â€œTangnga Jayaâ€. Disamping itu masyarakat lebih tertarik dengan pembuatan pupuk organik dengan menggunakan cacing yang lebih mudah, murah dan bahan bakunya dapat diperoleh dari lingkungan masyarakat.