bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuevos registros de arañas fósiles en ámbar de Chiapas, México: Thymoites carboti sp. nov. (Araneae, Theridiidae) y Mimetus sp. (Araneae, Mimetidae)
Authors: García-Villafuerte Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2022

Se agregan dos nuevos registros de arañas fósiles en ámbar del Mioceno temprano (~23 Ma) de Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas, México: Thymoites carboti sp. nov. (Theridiidae) y Mimetus sp. (Mimetidae). Thymoites carboti sp. nov. se describe con base en dos machos y una hembra. Para la familia Theridiidae este registro representa el sexto género registrado en el ámbar de Chiapas. Mimetus sp., se describe con base en una hembra. Sin embargo, no se asigna a un nivel más específico, ya que, debido a las fracturas internas en la pieza de ámbar, no se logran observar varios caracteres diagnósticos. Esta es la primera vez que ambos géneros son registrados para el ámbar de Chiapas, México. Thymoites carboti sp. nov. documenta el primer y más antiguo representante del género Thymoites a nivel mundial. Considerando la información obtenida en esta investigación, el número de arañas fósiles para Chiapas se incrementa en 101 registros, de las cuales se han descrito 24 especies válidas, incluyendo a Thymoites carboti sp. nov. Theridiidae es la segunda familia mejor representada en el ámbar de Chiapas, México, después de Salticidae.
La Sucesión Volcánica Carmichael del Bloque Jalisco, México: Magnetoestratigrafía e implicaciones tectónicas
Authors: Rosas-Elguera José , Cervantes-Solano Miguel Ángel , Goguitchaichvili Avto , Morales Contreras Juan , Martínez-Godínez Ángel , Urrutia-Fucugauchi Jaime
Published: July 2022

Se reportan los resultados del estudio paleomagnético y de magnetismo de rocas provenientes de 12 sitios de la Sucesión Volcánica Carmichael localizada en el bloque Jalisco, cuya base está formada por brecha, lava, toba lítica de composición andesítica y tobas de composición riolítica. La unidad superior está compuesta por toba cristalina y toba soldada de composición riolítica. La región estudiada se distribuye en la parte centro norte del bloque Jalisco (BJ), con edades isotópicas entre 61 y 83 Ma. Los resultados de magnetismo de rocas sugieren que la titanomagnetita de bajo contenido en titanio es el principal mineral portador de la remanencia magnética, así como presencia de titanomaghemitas con una influencia magnética menor. Se determinaron las direcciones paleomagnéticas en 11 de los sitios estudiados, y se encontraron 8 de polaridad normal y 3 de polaridad inversa. Las edades isotópicas permiten establecer una correlación con la escala de polaridades geomagnéticas de referencia para el periodo entre el Cretácico Tardío y el Paleoceno. Considerando a los sitios de polaridad inversa como antipodales, la dirección media calculada es de Dec = 344.7°, Inc = 43.2°, α95 = 13.2° y N = 11, con un polo geomagnético virtual correspondiente de VGPlat = 75.2°N, VGPlong = 186.6°E, A95 = 11.7°. El polo paleomagnético concuerda con los polos esperados según las curvas de referencia de deriva polar. Estos resultados sugieren que el BJ no ha experimentado movimientos rotacionales alrededor de un eje vertical ni desplazamientos latitudinales desde el Cretácico Tardío-Paleoceno hasta el Cuaternario lo que sugiere una cierta estabilidad del bloque Jalisco. Además, la tectónica transpresiva previamente reportada para la frontera continental norte del BJ, que separa la Sierra Madre Occidental de la Faja Volcánica Trans-Mexicana, parece no ser significativa dado que no se ve reflejada en movimientos rotacionales del bloque Jalisco.
A new specimen of Eremotherium laurillardi (Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) from the Late Pleistocene of Chiapas, and comments about the distribution of the species in Mexico
Authors: Carbot-Chanona Gerardo , Gómez-Pérez Luis Enrique , Coutiño-José Marco Antonio
Published: July 2022

Eremotherium laurillardi was a common giant ground sloth in the Late Pleistocene of the Americas. A right femur referable to this species was recovered from fluvial sediments in Constitución 27 colony, Socoltenango municipality, in the southern State of Chiapas, Mexico. The femur shows the morphological characteristics of E. laurillardi, such as: large size; rectangular shape, it is dorsoventrally flattened; lateral and medial margin rectilinear and parallel, and patellar trochlea transversely elongated with the medial margin in the sagittal plane of the femur. The record from Constitución 27 town, adds a new locality for E. laurillardi in Mexico, which adds to the previously known seven localities with remains of this species in Chiapas. In Mexico, E. laurillardi is present in 31 localities distributed in 13 states, mainly in the central and southern portion of Mexico, with an altitudinal range between 0-200 up to 2000-2500 meters above sea level, indicating a mostly tropical distribution of this species.
Formas del terreno a escala detallada en planicies aluviales y lomeríos de llanura costera tropical utilizando el enfoque geopedológico (Huimanguillo, Tabasco)
Authors: López-Castañeda Antonio , Zavala-Cruz Joel , Palma-López David Jesús , Bautista-Zúñiga Francisco , Rincón-Ramírez Joaquín Alberto
Published: July 2022

El uso no sustentable de los recursos naturales ha contribuido al deterioro de los ecosistemas, a la pérdida de biodiversidad, y a la degradación de suelos en México. En Tabasco, el deterioro ambiental es evidente por la degradación química y física de suelos. En este contexto, la cartografía geomorfológica contribuye a mitigar la problemática al generar un marco geoespacial para la ordenación del territorio, y así orientar el uso y manejo de los recursos naturales. Sin embargo, esta información a nivel microrregional es escasa. El objetivo del trabajo fue generar cartografía detallada de las formas del terreno en planicies y lomeríos con uso agropecuario en el municipio de Huimanguillo, Tabasco, en una superficie de 29 398 ha. Se aplicó la primera fase del enfoque geopedológico y se generó cartografía de paisajes geomorfológicos, relieve/modelados, litología/facies y formas de terreno, mediante el análisis de atributos morfográficos y morfométricos, que se complementa con la fotointerpretación de ortofotomapas y verificación de campo. El 49 % del área de estudio corresponde al paisaje geomorfológico de planicie, contiene relieves de llanura de inundación y depresiones sobre sedimentos aluviales, prevalecen las formas del terreno albardón del río, napa de desborde y cubeta de decantación; tienen buen drenaje superficial, excepto las cubetas que se inundan seis meses. El área restante corresponde al paisaje geomorfológico de lomerío, con relieves de loma y depresión sobre sedimentos detríticos; dominan las formas de ladera, cumbre, depresión interloma y pie de vertiente. Se zonificaron nuevas formas del terreno como depresión interloma, gota de lágrima, hombro y pozo petrolero; sobresalen las depresiones en posiciones topográficas elevadas, por contener humedales inundados hasta ocho meses. El estudio aporta información que puede contribuir al ordenamiento de los usos agropecuarios y forestales, para mitigar la degradación de los recursos naturales en planicies y lomeríos tropicales.
Estratigrafía y evolución estructural del Bloque de Coahuila, noreste de México
Authors: Eguiluz y de Antuñano Samuel
Published: July 2022

El Bloque de Coahuila tiene rocas marinas y continentales del Paleozoico al Reciente que afloran en una vasta región del noreste de México. Este trabajo aporta datos de superficie y subsuelo que constatan la presencia del arco Nazas sobre este bloque. Se describen secciones estratigráficas que indican el proceso de transgresión marina sobre este bloque durante el Aptiano, así como el depósito de un potente espesor de caliza, dolomía y evaporita de edad Albiano y Cenomaniano temprano. La sucesión estratigráfica del Cretácico Superior está compuesta por el paso gradual entre las formaciones Indidura, Parras, Cerro del Pueblo, Cerro Huerta y capas La Soledad que representan depósitos de antepaís (foreland) con ~1000 m de espesor, estas rocas muestran una condensación estratigráfica al confrontar su espesor con secciones estratigráficas similares en las cuencas vecinas de Sabinas, del Centro de México y Chihuahua, las que tienen más de 2000 m de espesor de rocas de la misma edad. En este trabajo hay datos estructurales que se confrontan con ideas previas que consideraban una deformación tenue afectada por fallas de tipo normal. En el Bloque de Coahuila se distinguen tres estilos estructurales: uno está relacionado con pliegues de curvatura amplia, otro está formado por pliegues angostos y alargados, con fallas inversas, este estilo está restringido al borde austral del Bloque de Coahuila en dónde es traslapado tectónicamente por la napa de Parras, está napa sepulta las facies sedimentarias marginales pre-Aptiano de este bloque. Ambos estilos estructurales están estrechamente vinculados con la orientación de estructuras de la fase que deformó al Orógeno mexicano. El tercer estilo es representado por pliegues agudos y geométricamente escalonados, así como conjuntos estructurales con varios ejes burdamente orientados norte-sur, con vergencias opuestas y fallas diversas. Este último estilo estructural no tiene una componente de extensión o acortamiento definida y su deformación posiblemente es posterior a la fase que deformó el Orógeno mexicano. Los datos presentados definen la extensión geográfica del borde suroeste del Bloque de Coahuila.
The paleoenvironmental significance of trace fossils from the Cárdenas Formation (Late Cretaceous, Maastrichtian) at Potrero del Carnero, San Luis Potosí, central Mexico
Authors: Palma-Ramírez Arturo , Maldonado-Sarabia Roberto Carlos , Stimson Matthew R. , López-Palomino Isabel , Romo-Ramírez Julio Reyes , Muñóz-Jarillo Carlos Rene , Badillo-Cadena Lisbeth Adenaly
Published: July 2022

This paper documents the occurrence of Skolithos linearis, Planolites beverleyensis, and Thalassinoides isp. in the Cárdenas Formation (Late Cretaceous), southeastern San Luis Potosí, central Mexico. This is the second record of S. linearis for this lithological unit, while P. beverleyensis and Thalassinoides isp. are documented for the very first time in this formation. The ichnoassemblage is referred to the Cruziana Ichnofacies which, in concert with associated invertebrate body fossils (Exogyra costata), suggest a shoreface setting with moderate- to low-energy conditions and episodic storms.
Microbiostratigraphy, microfacies analysis and lateral basin evolution of Lower Cretaceous deposits in the south of Kerman region, SE Iran
Authors: Hassani Mohammad Javad
Published: July 2022

Detailed microbiostratigraphy and basin evolution of the Lower Cretaceous deposits in the Rayen area, south of Kerman Region, SE Iran are investigated for the first time in two sections. The section no. 1 is 324.6m in thickness and comprises five lithostratigraphic units. The section no. 2 is 218 m in thickness and includes three lithostratigraphic units. The identified fauna and flora include 41 benthic foraminifera and 11 calcareous algae species. The identified assemblage indicates that the marine strata in both sections were deposited during the Barremian to Albian. The microfacies analyses carried out on 22 carbonate and 2 clastic microfacies indicate that the deposits in the section no. 1 were deposited on a homoclinal carbonate ramp, whereas in the section no. 2 they were deposited on a rimmed carbonate shelf. Generally, the Cretaceous deposit in the two studied sections represent different sedimentary models and fossil content indicating different basin evolution histories. The paleogeographic setting of the studied area on the south eastern margin of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent and the active tectonic history during the Mesozoic suggest that the syndepositional tectonism influenced the basement’s morphology and resulted in changes in the fossil diversity and sedimentary nature of adjacent sedimentary basins.
A new genus and species of Tanaidacea (Crustacea, Apseudomorpha) from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Gara Sbaa, southeastern Morocco
Authors: Pasini Giovanni , Vega Francisco J. , Garassino Alessandro
Published: July 2022

We report Afroapseudes cretacicus n. gen., n. sp. (Tanaidacea Dana, 1849; Apseudomorpha Sieg, 1980) from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of the Gara Sbaa layers (southeastern Morocco). The new species is considered as a possible lineage between the Jurassic and the more recent Paleogene Apseudomorpha, partially covering the wide gap of tanaidacean fossil records between Mesozoic and Cenozoic forms. At the same time, this results to be the first fossil record of a tanaidacean from Africa, enlarging the scarce knowledge on the real diversity and distribution of this poorly reported crustacean group during the geological times.
Jacques Hadamard (1865–1963) — is the legend of mathematics and of absent-mindedness
Authors:   Saratov State University, Trubetskov Dmitriy
Published: July 2022

This editorial is based on Hadamard's own statements and various recollections of him.
On the conditions for safe connection to hub-cluster power grids
Authors:   Federal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khramenkov Vladislav
Published: July 2022

Purpose of this work is studying of the dynamics of a power grid model that results from the expansion of a highly centralized grid, i.e. a hub-cluster, by adding a small subgrid. The main attention is paid to the study of possible power grid operation regimes and their characteristics. Methods. Numerical simulation of power grid operation, the dynamics of which is described by the Kuramoto equations with inertia, is used. Results. Various power grid operation regimes and the boundaries of their existence in the parameter space are given. The main characteristics of these regimes, such as the probability of realization and the magnitude of oscillations of regime variables, are considered. The conditions for safe connection to hub-cluster power grids are obtained. Conclusion. The dynamics of power grid consisting of two subgrids and its operation regimes are considered. Based on the characteristics of these regimes, their safety for subgrids is determined. The results obtained made it possible to formulate conditions for a safe connection to hub-cluster power grids.
Nonlinear elite generation change model
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kolesnikov Andrei , Malinetskii Georgij ,   Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Podlazov Andrej ,   Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Sirenko Svetlana ,   Maksim Tank Belarusian State Pedagogical University
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the presented article was to build a concise conceptual mathematical model of the competitive dynamics of alternative types of social activity. The model was developed in the form of a discrete two-dimensional non-linear mapping. The proposed mapping is new and has not been previously studied either in the field of mathematical social dynamics (sociophysics), or in the section of discrete models of nonlinear dynamics. The approach we used corresponds to the ideas of the theory of social time put forward by F. Braudel. Nonlinear two-dimensional mapping, in a paradoxical way, given the general socio-economic ideas about the relationship between generations, as it turned out, has a Hamiltonian structure. The analysis showed that both formally and in terms of qualitative behavior it is close to the standard model describing a rotator under the action of impacts. It was found that, depending not only on the parameters of the problem, but also on the initial conditions, in this case, periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic dynamics are simultaneously possible. Within the framework of the model, this means a great variety of intergenerational relationships. Thus, the data in the system will not be “forgotten”. The influence on the dynamics of the model of “dissipative additions” describing the degradation of the elite, the desire of society to “eliminate the best” is demonstrated. The dynamics of the system and its dependence on parameters become much simpler; nevertheless, cyclicity and multistability do not disappear in it. In this approximation, history turns out to be “local” — the details and peculiarities of society’s behavior will be “forgotten” after several generations. The study of the constructed model opens up great prospects for the analysis of various types of cyclical processes in mathematical history.
Postulates of the cognitive theory of thinking and their consequences
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Antonets Vladimir
Published: July 2022

Purpose of the work is to create a theoretical model of the thinking process, considered as a set of operations for the formation of cognitive generalizations of the level of categories (concepts). Method for creating a theoretical model is based on the approach used in natural sciences. It involves the selection of a small number of reliable facts, which are accepted as true on the basis of their evidence. On the basis of these facts, established in various scientific disciplines, the axioms of the proposed theory are formulated. Further, from the accepted axioms, they are logically deduced in the form of consequences: a) already known results that could be obtained in various fields of science, including those differing in the content of research, and therefore previously perceived as not related to each other; b) predictions of new connections and patterns in the study area. Results of the work are that it was possible to propose a version of the postulate dynamic theory of thinking, in which the main variables are the number of concepts formed, lost, realized and unconscious by the subject. The introduced postulates and variables made it possible to consider two types of models at the moment. Balanced integrodifferential models that describe the accumulation of the volume of conscious and unconscious concepts, as well as combinatorial models that describe the interactions of concepts. Conclusion. The proposed version of the dynamic thinking model made it possible to construct reasonable theoretical descriptions of the process of spontaneous language acquisition by bilingual children in a bilingual environment and a person’s ability to compare semantically heterogeneous objects with each other. The logical scheme of the approach and the concepts used in it made it possible to connect some facts known in psychology and in an explicitly compact formulation of the difference in the structure of scientific and artistic generalizations of the picture of the world.
Estimation of impulse action parameters using a network of neuronlike oscillators
Authors:   Saratov Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of RadioEngineering and Electronics of RAS, Navrotskaya Elena , Kulminskiy Danil , Ponomarenko Vladimir ,   Saratov Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of RadioEngineering and Electronics of RAS,   Saratov Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of RadioEngineering and Electronics of RAS, Prokhorov Mihail ,   Saratov Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of RadioEngineering and Electronics of RAS
Published: July 2022

Aim of the study is to develop a method for estimating the parameters of an external periodic impulse action using a spiking network of neuronlike oscillators. Methods. The spiking activity of a network consisting of coupled nonidentical neuronlike FitzHugh–Nagumo oscillators was studied, depending on the parameters of the periodic impulse action. To estimate the amplitude of the external impulse signal, we detuned the FitzHugh–Nagumo oscillators, which were in a stable state of equilibrium in the absence of an external action, by the threshold parameter responsible for the excitation of the oscillator. To estimate the frequency of excitatory pulses, we detuned the FitzHugh–Nagumo oscillators by the parameter characterizing the ratio of time scales, the value of which determines the natural frequency of oscillators. We also changed the duration of external pulses. Results. It is shown that the number of spikes generated by a network of nonidentical FitzHugh–Nagumo oscillators has a monotonic dependence on the amplitude of the external pulse signal and a nonmonotonic dependence on the frequency of the pulse signal. The number of spikes generated by the network remains constant over a wide range of external pulse durations. A method for estimating the amplitude and frequency of impulse action is proposed. The method efficiency is demonstrated in numerical simulations and in a radio physical experiment. Conclusion. The proposed method allows one to estimate the amplitude of an external pulse signal, knowing its frequency, and estimate the frequency of this signal, knowing its amplitude. The method can be used in robotics when solving the problems of information processing related to the motion control of mobile robots.
A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Tramadol as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Transverse Abdominus Plane Block in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Laproscopic Orchidopexy
Authors: Basavarajaiah Sarvesh , Patel Prajwal , Sharma Kanchan
Published: July 2022

Background: Transverse abdominus plane (TAP) block is a regional anesthetic technique which provides an excellent analgesia without major adverse effects. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in comparison to tramadol when added as adjuvant to levobupivacaine in TAP block on duration of post operative analgesia following laproscopic orchidopexy.
Methods: Sixty American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1 pediatric patients undergoing laproscopic orchidopexy under general anaesthesia were randomized into two groups (GroupLD and Group LT). Group LD recieved ultrasound guided bilateral TAP block with 0.3 ml/kg 0.25% levobupivacaine with 1µg/ kg of dexmedetomidine on both sides and Group LT recieved TAP block with 0.3 ml/kg 0.25% levobupivacaine with 1mg/ kg of tramadol. During the first 24 h postoperatively, we assessed hemodynamic stability, respiratory depression, and postoperative pain using face, legs, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) pain scale.
Results: Total duration of analgesia (986.67 ± 47.29 min vs. 690 ± 53.49 min, P value- 0.000), and the total consumption of paracetamol in the first 24 hours postoperatively (324.28 ± 35.5 mg vs. 580.14 ± 38.23, P value – 0.000) were statistically highly significant in group LD in comparison to group LT. The FLACC score were lower in Group LD as compared to group LT and side effects profile were similar in both the groups.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine in a dose of 1 μg.kg-1 when added to levobupivacaine in ultrasound guided transverse abdominus plane block significantly prolongs the duration of postoperative analgesia as compared to tramadol with levobupivacaine without major  side effects.
The Use of Saliva Sample Evaluating PaO2, PaCO2, pH, and HCO3 Values in Traumatic Patients under Mechanical Ventilation; As a Non-Invasive Approach than the Arterial Blood Gas Sampling
Authors: Hajigholam Saryazdi Hamid , Alikiaii Babak , Rafiei Leyla , Shamsi Kahrizsangi Mohammad , Nazemroaya Behzad
Published: July 2022

Background: Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) analysis is a commonly ordered test to investigate respiratory, circulatory, and metabolic status in traumatic patients with inappropriate perfusion and ventilation situations. Difficult sampling, hemorrhage risk of arterial puncture, and other vascular complications lead us to use saliva sampling as a safer non-invasive approach to evaluate PaO2, PaCO2, pH, and HCO3 values.
This study was aimed to evaluate the correlation of PaO2, PaCO2, pH, and HCO3 values between ABG and saliva gas in traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 18-85-year-old traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation conducted in an academic medical hospital. They were investigated based on age, sex, and ABG values as well their saliva gases values. The Paired t-test, Pearson χ2, and Pearson correlation were used to evaluate the correlation between the gases values in ABG and saliva. Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U test and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.
Results: There were 120 patients including 53 men and 67 women enrolled. None of the factors of arterial and salivary gases were significantly different between men and women. And the amount of these factors is homogeneous in both groups (P <0.05). The mean factors of arterial PaCO2 and HCO3 and saliva PaCO2 and HCO3 were significantly different between smokers and non-smokers.
Conclusion: The values of salivary gases correlated with these of ABG. This can expand the use of salivary gases analysis as an alternative to ABG analysis in clinical settings to reduce the logistic burden of arterial sampling as well as to better perform ventilator device settings. These results were aligned with previous studies.
Assessment of Patients' Satisfaction with Anesthesia Services and its Associated Factors at A Teaching Hospital in South India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lakshminarasimhan Aswini , Pilendran Sathiyanarayanan
Published: July 2022

Background: Patient satisfaction is one of the main quality indicators of anesthesia services. Various factors can determine patient satisfaction, such as anesthetist-patient interaction, perioperative anesthetic management, and postoperative follow-up. The aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with anesthesia services and its associated factors.
Methods: An Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2019 to October 2019 at a teaching hospital in South India. Patients who have undergone surgery by either general or regional anaesthesia were included. For postoperative interview, a structured questionnaire was administered. The satisfaction score was considered to be an outcome variable. Age, gender, ASA status, and type of anesthesia were considered to be explanatory variables.
Results: A total of 462 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the study population was 41.84 (±13.48 SD) years. Males were found to have statistically higher mean satisfaction scores as compared to females. The mean satisfaction score among the patients with combined anesthesia (general anesthesia in addition to regional anesthesia) was significantly higher as compared to patients with GA, CNB, and PNB (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with induction, intraoperative pain relief, and pain relief in the postoperative period among patients with different types of anesthesia (p<0.05). 39.2% of patients were dissatisfied with the self-introduction of anesthetists, and 17.7% were dissatisfied with anesthetist revisit in postoperative period.
Conclusion: Poor self-introduction of anesthetists, absence of postoperative revisit by the anesthetist, and lack of proper planning for postoperative pain relief contributed a major part to the dissatisfaction.
Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure: Helmet Interface
Authors: Sadrossadat Seyed Sadegh
Published: July 2022

Background: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation is one of the most used organ support measures in critical care medicine. Hemet interface has been implemented in everyday practice at ICUs later than classic means of delivery for NIV including face mask. We used helmet interface for first time at ICU and recorded CPAP setting and outcome.
Methods: Helmet was used for 9 patients and any complication or side effects were recorded. Also nurses first experience of using the helmet has recorded in a survey.
Results: No skin lesion, vomiting, and air leaking were recorded. Also none of the patients complained about claustrophobia, dyspnea, pain, or feeling hot while the helmet was in use. In addition, nursing was easier while using a helmet than it was with face mask.
Conclusion: The overall first time use of helmet interface in our department gave us a positive feedback, but more data need to be collected for more effective way of applying  NIV and specifically helmet interface.
Assessment of Clinical and Laboratory Outcomes in Using of Albumin and Fresh Frozen Plasma as Cardiopulmonary Bypass Prime Solutions in Pediatric Arterial Switch Surgery
Authors: Fathi Mehdi , Hosseinzadeh Mandana , Sadeghi Ivraghi Mehraveh , Hoseinzadeh Maleki Mahmood , Jarahi Lida , Pakniat Horieh , Bakhtiary Elnaz , Ahmadi Hasanabad Zahra
Published: July 2022

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) prime solution in pediatric heart surgeries is critical to avoid adverse effects resulting from dilution of coagulation factors, red blood cells, and other plasma protein. This study aimed to evaluate clinical and laboratory outcomes of administration of albumin and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in CPB prime solution in children candidates for arterial switch surgery.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 30 transposition of the great arteries (TGA) patients, candidates for the arterial switch in Tehran Children's Medical Center, Iran. As CBP prime solution, 15 patients received albumin (1 gr/kg Albumin 20%) and 15 patients received FFP (15 cc/kg). also, clinical and laboratory parameters were measured in different intervals. The statistical analysis were performed by SPSS v.20.
Results: The volume platelet infusion in the ICU was higher in FFP-received patients (40.00 ±20.70 ml) than albumin-received patients (26.67 ±25.82 ml; p-value =0.01). Upon entry into ICU, the mean of Hb and Hct in FFP-received patients (11.55 ±0.64 g/l and 34.44 ±2.44 %) was significantly higher than patients who received albumin (11.08 ±0.87 g/l and 31.44 ±3.97 %; p-value =0.04 for both). Upon entry into ICU and also 48 hours after admission into the ICU, the Cr level in the FFP-received group (median: 19 mg/dl) was significantly higher than the albumin-received group (median: 12 mg/dl; p-value =0.03).
Conclusion: FFP in CPB prime solution reduces the hemostatic complications and infusion of blood products, as well as to stabilizes Hb and Htc. Therefore, FFP is more suitable as CPB prime solution.
Comparison of Analgesic Effects of Intravenous and Intraperitoneal Magnesium Sulphate in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Kansal Ankit , Kataria Dinesh , Garg Shankey , Taneja Swati , Mahajan Shalvi
Published: July 2022

Background: Postsurgical pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy is often associated with delayed recovery and discharge from the hospital. Magnesium sulphate as an adjuvant has shown a potential role as an anti-analgesic drug perioperatively. However, the data on the effectiveness and safety of magnesium sulphate delivered via two distinct routes (intravenous and intraperitoneal) for postoperative pain management is scant.
Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 adult patients. Group A (n=40) received 30ml intravenous magnesium sulphate(50mg/kg) and 30ml 0.25% bupivacaine intraperitoneal infiltration. Group B (n=40) received 30ml intraperitoneal infiltration of magnesium sulphate(50mg/kg) along with 0.25% bupivacaine and 30ml intravenous 0.9% normal saline infusion. Postoperative pain-free duration, pain scores (visual analog score), need of rescue analgesia, intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative complications were noted.
Results: The Visual analogue scores at 1,2,4 and 6 postoperative hours were 1.75±0.78, 1.33±0.66, 0.60±0.50, 0.45±0.55 in Group B and 2.13±0.61, 1.65±0.62, 1.28±0.88, 0.73±0.51 in Group A respectively (P-value-0.02,0.03,0.00 and 0.02). The time of the first request for rescue analgesia in Group A was 37.09± 5.54 and in Group B 52.00±4.30 (P value-0.00). Mean heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in Group A compared to Group B (P-value<0.05). Extubation and emergence time was significantly higher in group A compared to Group B (P-value -0.00). The Abbreviated mental test (AMT)-4 cognition scores were similar in both groups while Alert, Voice, Pain and Unresponsive (AVPU) sedation score was higher at the first postoperative hour in Group A (1.30± 0.46) compared to Group B (1.10 ± 0.30) (P value- 0.026).
Conclusion: Intraperitoneal magnesium is a safe and efficient means of controlling postoperative pain. Additionally, it decreases the time required for emergence and extubation as compared to intravenous delivery. Intravenous magnesium has better hemodynamic control in perioperative period.
Evaluation Factors Affect Difficult Intravenous Access in the Prehospital Setting
Authors: Karimialavijeh Ehsan , Kermanpour Hossein , Bijani Sima , Hashemi Mozhgan Sadat , Payandemehr Pooya , Shirbache Kamran , Pishgahi Ghasem
Published: July 2022

Background: Environmental factors such as the lighting of the scene, time of the day, and physical surrounding of the patient and healthcare providers in the prehospital setting can affect difficult intravenous access (DIVA). The study aimed to evaluate the association of environment, patient, and emergency medical services (EMS) technicians on the DIVA in the prehospital setting.
Methods: Six-hundred adult patients (aged ≥18 years) who necessitated prehospital peripheral IV access and were transferred to the Sina and Shariati hospitals by EMS technicians from June 2018 to October 2018 were included. There were seven research nurses for interviewing the EMS technicians. Patients were examined using the prepared checklists.
Results: Overall, there were 125 (20.83%) DIVA cases. There was a significant relationship between DIVA and the higher respiratory rate of the patients, lower the blood pressure of the patient, prior cannulation of the targeted limb, time since the last meal of EMS technician, and untidiness of the environment (Odds Ratio=1.75, 1.3, 9.4, 3.84 and 7.01, respectively).
Conclusion: The results showed fasting of EMS technicians affects DIVA and the study suggests it can be resolved by proper scheduling of the working hours of EMS technicians. Also, some risk factors of DIVA can help the paramedics to predict the DIVA and take the necessary measures.
A Comparative Study of Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation under Ultrasound Guidance Using Short Axis or Long Axis View Approach
Authors: Patel Prajwal , Basavarajaiah Sarvesh , Omkarappa Shilpa , Ganjam Yoganna Bhavyashree
Published: July 2022

Background: Anaesthesiologists most commonly perform the procedure of internal jugular vein cannulation(IJV) in emergency and also in elective cases. With the use of ultrasound guidance placement of guide wire and catheter into the internal jugular vein has been made easy, safe and with less complications.
Aims: The aim of the study was to compare IJ vein cannulation under ultrasound guidance with respect to Short and Long axis (SA and LA) view approaches.
Methods: Patients who may require central venous cannulation for undergoing surgery and will be in intensive care unit were randomized using computer generated randomization for ultrasound guided cannulation into one of short axis and long axis (SA and LA) approaches group. Success rate of first pass, number of needle attempts made, guide wire insertion time, catheter placement time and complications were noted for each procedure.
Results: Successful cannulation of IJV was achieved in all the patients. Significant results were not noted among the two groups with respect to demographic profile of the patient, catheter placement time, rate of carotid artery puncture. Whereas a significant result was noted in terms of success rate of first pass (97% in SA v/s 53% in LA, P-0.0001), number of needle attempts (mean of 1.05±0.18 in SA v/s 1.55±0.68 in LA, P-0.0001), guide wire insertion time (mean of 43.20±5.64 in SA v/s 74.83±39.36 in LA).
Conclusion: We conclude from the above study that short axis view approach is better with respect to success rate of first pass, number of needle attempts and guide wire insertion time than long axis view approach for internal jugular vein cannulation under ultrasound  guidance.
Ultrasound Guided Femorosciatic Block for Diabetic Foot Ulcer in a Psychiatric Patient with Sepsis, Anaemia and Coagulation Defect
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti P , Jadhao Pooja R
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, due to defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Complications of Diabetes mellitus are macrovascular (coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease), microvascular (diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy), electrolyte and metabolic derangements. Foot ulcer is a common complication of diabetes mellitus with deranged Blood Sugar Level, which needs debridement or amputation. As central neuraxial block is contraindicated and general anaesthesia is risky in our patient due to coagulation abnormalities, anaemia, sepsis and left lung pneumonia. Hence, we planned for femorosciatic block.
Inherited Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemias and Radical Cancer surgery: Perioperative Concerns for Bilateral Modified Radical Mastectomy
Authors: Kumar Amit , Hariharan Uma , Nagpal Vijay K , Bharti Devang
Published: July 2022

Inherited defects of Uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) can cause congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. The perioperative anesthetic management of such patients poses several challenges. Here we report a case of bilateral carcinoma breast with congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia posted for bilateral modified radical mastectomy. The patient was administered general anesthesia with no perioperative deterioration of liver function.
Necrosis of the Right Hallux Secondary to Local Anesthesia by Lidocaïne 2% with Adrenaline: A Rare and Preventable Complication
Authors: Bonaventure Jemea , Serge Nga Nomo , Cristella Iroume , Aristide Kuitchet , Dominique Djomo Tamchom , René Binyom Pierre , Samson Nkoumou
Published: July 2022

Recent scientific studies support the safe use of lidocaïne with adrenaline for anesthesia of the extremities (fingers, toes, nose, ear, penis), these studies push back the myth that advises against the use of local anesthetic substances with adrenaline in these areas [1-3]. Ingrown toenail is a common condition of the big toe. Surgery is often necessary. Ingrown toenail surgery is relatively straightforward and is usually performed under local anesthesia [3]. We report here a rare case of hallux necrosis secondary to local anesthesia by lidocaine 2% with adrenaline. The objective of this presentation is to warn practitioners about the observance of precautions before using local anesthetics with adrenaline for anesthetic procedures of the extremities.
Auxiliary Pain Killer Drugs: Versatile Medications for Pain Management
Authors: Jabbari Ali , Tabasi Shabnam , Khori Vahid
Published: July 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Using Managed Entry Agreements as an Effective Tool to Handle the Uncertainty in Health Technology Assessments
Authors: Chhaya Vatsal , Khambholja Kapil
Published: July 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Applying Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) in Health Technology Policy Making: Background, Current Challenges, and Path to Future
Authors: Mobinizadeh Mohammadreza , Olyaeemanesh Alireza , Mohammadshahi Marita , Fakorfard Zeinab
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The science of health technology policy-making has, in recent years, gone beyond merely conducting health technology assessment studies, systematic reviews or economic evaluations. In fact, sciences based on decision-making in operational research, such as multi-attribute and multi-objective decision-making methods, have been added to this field.
Methods: Examining several prominent papers in the field of applying multi-criteria decision analysis to the science of health technology assessment, this study attempts to provide guidance for policy makers in the field of health technologies to acquaint them with the history, current challenges, and the future of this field.
Results: Mathematical approaches based on multi-criteria decision analysis began to be used in the fields of health policy making and economics in 2006 and 2008. These approaches are still being completed to adapt to the field of health. The main challenges in this regard are the existence of attributes such as equity and ethical issues facing the use of technology in health systems. The quantitative assessment of such attributes is really demanding. It is also very difficult to weight the attributes in such a way that all the considerations regarding technology stakeholders can be taken into account.
Conclusions: In general, the application of approaches from applied mathematics to the field of health technology policy making can help us clarify the prioritization process. At the same time, however, using the efforts made so far by researchers in this field from around the world, we have, to a large extent, been able to overcome the operational shortcomings in applying those approaches in the field of health.
Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Group Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy in Mental, Spiritual, and Social Health of Addicts
Authors: Choobdari Mahshid , Bahrainian Seyed Abdolmajid , Shahabizadeh Fatemeh
Published: July 2022

Background: The mental health of addicts and the selection of appropriate treatment methods are essential. Given the role of spirituality and social health of addicts in relapse prevention and treatment, this study aimed to assess cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in the mental, spiritual, and social health of addicted people.
Methods: This interventional study utilized a pretest-posttest design with a control group. Addicts referred to the health centers of Birjand were selected in 2018 - 2019 through a convenience sampling method. According to the study’s objectives, eligible individuals were randomly divided into three groups of 32 people. The Social Well-being Questionnaire of Keyes, the Spiritual Health Questionnaire of Alison and Palowtzin, and the General Health Questionnaire of Goldberg were used in the study. Cognitive-behavioral group therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy were held in 12 60-minute sessions based on treatment protocols. After one month, the questionnaires were completed again. The chi-square test, paired t-test, and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data at a significance level of less than 0.05.
Results: The three groups were similar in age, occupation, and education level. The mean scores of religious and existential health were significantly higher in the ACT group than in the control group after the intervention. Also, the paired t-test showed that the mean score of religious and existential health in the ACT group and the mean score of religious health in the CBT group significantly increased after the intervention compared to before (P < 0.001). Also, the mean scores of social actualization, social solidarity, social cohesion, social acceptance, and social participation were significantly higher in the ACT group than in the control group after the intervention. The paired t-test showed that the mean scores of social actualization, solidarity, cohesion, and participation in the ACT group and the mean scores of social acceptance and cohesion in the CBT group significantly increased after the intervention compared to before. After the intervention, the mean scores of physical health, low anxiety, non-dysfunction, and low depression were significantly higher in the ACT and CBT groups than in the control group (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Both ACT and CBT are influential in the mental, spiritual, and social health of addicts. Nevertheless, ACT has a more significant impact on the mental, spiritual, and social health of addicts.
Social (In)equities and Ethical Challenges: Role of Information Practices in Antimicrobial Resistance in India
Authors: Thakral Yogita
Published: July 2022

Antimicrobial resistance has been described as a “slow-moving Tsunami” and one of the top global health threats that affect social groups inequitably, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper analyses social inequities and ethical implications related to antibiotic use in India and how information systems can help mitigate them. India is a global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) hotspot, showing relative policy inertia in addressing this grand challenge. The paper describes two interconnected streams of work. First, it takes an ecosystem perspective to understand inequities in practices around the prescription, dispensing, and consumption of antibiotics. Second, it analyzes the digital’s potential role in addressing these inequities. As a result, the paper identifies four key determinants of social inequity and their ethical implications. Next, the paper identifies the opportunities and challenges in applying digital to address these inequities. This paper thus seeks to make a vital contribution to IS research on an area of immense societal value, particularly in informing how the potential of the digital can be effectively materialized.
Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Individual and Social Adaptation of Addicts
Authors: Choobdari Mahshid , Bahrainian Seyed Abdolmajid , Shahabizadeh Fatemeh
Published: July 2022

Background: Addiction is a pervasive problem that causes physical problems and affects the adaptation of addicts. This study investigates the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy (ACT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on individual and social adaptation of addicts referred to comprehensive health service centers in Birjand.
Methods: The present experimental study utilized a pretest-posttest design with a control group. All addicted people referred to health centers in the suburb of Birjand, which is among the city’s vulnerable areas, were selected in 2020. The subjects were selected by a conveniencemethod and randomly divided into three groups of 32 persons according to the study’s objectives. The study questionnaire was the California test of personality. Cognitive-behavioral group therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy based on treatment protocols were held in 12 sessions of 60 minutes. The questionnaires were completed before the intervention and one month after the intervention in the three groups. Then, the data were entered into SPSS version 16 software. Analysis of variance, paired t, independent t, and chi-square tests analyzed the data. In all analyses, a significance level of less than 05.0 was considered.
Results: There was no difference between the three groups regarding age, occupation, and education level. The mean scores of social adaptation after the intervention were 57.47 ± 12.33 and 47.90 ± 5.93 in the ACT and CBT groups, respectively. The variance analysis showed that the mean scores of social adaptation were significantly different in three groups before and after the intervention (P < 0.001). Also, the mean score of social adaptation in the ACT group significantly increased after the intervention compared to before (P = 0.02), but there was no significant difference in the CBT and control groups before and after the intervention. After controlling for social and individual adaptation before the intervention, the variance analysis showed a significant difference in the score of social adaptation between the ACT, CBT, and control groups (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference in individual adaptation scores between the three groups (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Both treatments based on acceptance and commitment and cognitive-behavioral therapy were influential on the individualsocial adaptation of addicts. Nevertheless, the acceptance and commitment therapy approach had a more significant impact on improving the social adaptation of addicts.