bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table S8 from Large-Scale Comparative Analysis of Canine and Human Osteosarcomas Uncovers Conserved Clinically Relevant Tumor Microenvironment Subtypes
Authors: Patkar Sushant , Mannheimer Joshua , Harmon Stephanie A. , Ramirez Christina J. , Mazcko Christina N. , Choyke Peter L. , Brown Gregory Thomas , Turkbey Baris , LeBlanc Amy K. , Beck Jessica A.
Published: December 2024

Gene set enrichment analysis results of cancer Hallmark pathways enriched in the IE-ECM(Immune Enriched Dense Extra Cellular Matrix-like ) TME subtype
Supplementary Table S6 from Large-Scale Comparative Analysis of Canine and Human Osteosarcomas Uncovers Conserved Clinically Relevant Tumor Microenvironment Subtypes
Authors: Patkar Sushant , Mannheimer Joshua , Harmon Stephanie A. , Ramirez Christina J. , Mazcko Christina N. , Choyke Peter L. , Brown Gregory Thomas , Turkbey Baris , LeBlanc Amy K. , Beck Jessica A.
Published: December 2024

Summary of canine and human osteosarcoma datasets utilized to generate each figure in this study.
Supplementary Table S4 from Large-Scale Comparative Analysis of Canine and Human Osteosarcomas Uncovers Conserved Clinically Relevant Tumor Microenvironment Subtypes
Authors: Patkar Sushant , Mannheimer Joshua , Harmon Stephanie A. , Ramirez Christina J. , Mazcko Christina N. , Choyke Peter L. , Brown Gregory Thomas , Turkbey Baris , LeBlanc Amy K. , Beck Jessica A.
Published: December 2024

QuPath (v0.5.0) Collagen quantification (%Positive Masson’s Trichrome area) outputs for each case that passed quality review.
Supplementary Table S1 from Large-Scale Comparative Analysis of Canine and Human Osteosarcomas Uncovers Conserved Clinically Relevant Tumor Microenvironment Subtypes
Authors: Patkar Sushant , Mannheimer Joshua , Harmon Stephanie A. , Ramirez Christina J. , Mazcko Christina N. , Choyke Peter L. , Brown Gregory Thomas , Turkbey Baris , LeBlanc Amy K. , Beck Jessica A.
Published: December 2024

Manufacturing details of immune cell type Immunohistochemistry stains used in this study.
Supplementary Table S2 from Spatial Dynamics of T- and B-Cell Responses Predicts Clinical Outcome of Resectable and Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kurebayashi Yutaka , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Tsujikawa Hanako , Matsuda Kosuke , Nomura Rui , Ueno Akihisa , Masugi Yohei , Yamazaki Ken , Effendi Kathryn , Takeuchi Hirohito , Itoi Takao , Hasegawa Yasushi , Abe Yuta , Kitago Minoru , Ojima Hidenori , Sakamoto Michiie
Published: December 2024

Table S2. Univariate analysis for DFS in Cohort 1 + 2 (n = 268)
Supplementary Table S1 from Histology-Specific Clinical Trial of Lenvatinib and Pembrolizumab in Patients with Sarcoma
Authors: Movva Sujana , Seier Kenneth , Avutu Viswatej , Banks Lauren B. , Chan Jason , Chi Ping , Dickson Mark A. , Gounder Mrinal M. , Kelly Ciara M. , Keohan Mary L. , Maki Robert , Rosenbaum Evan , Salcito Tiffany , Rodriguez Kaithleen , Dempsey Rebecca , Meyers Paul A. , Cohen Seth M. , Hensley Martee L. , Konner Jason A. , Schram Alison M. , Lefkowitz Robert A. , Erinjeri Joseph P. , Qin Li-Xuan , Tap William D. , D’Angelo Sandra P.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table 1: Representativeness of study participants
Supplementary Figure S8 from Spatial Dynamics of T- and B-Cell Responses Predicts Clinical Outcome of Resectable and Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kurebayashi Yutaka , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Tsujikawa Hanako , Matsuda Kosuke , Nomura Rui , Ueno Akihisa , Masugi Yohei , Yamazaki Ken , Effendi Kathryn , Takeuchi Hirohito , Itoi Takao , Hasegawa Yasushi , Abe Yuta , Kitago Minoru , Ojima Hidenori , Sakamoto Michiie
Published: December 2024

Figure S8. Prognostic significance of CD4 TCXCL13 cells
Supplementary Figure S6 from Spatial Dynamics of T- and B-Cell Responses Predicts Clinical Outcome of Resectable and Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kurebayashi Yutaka , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Tsujikawa Hanako , Matsuda Kosuke , Nomura Rui , Ueno Akihisa , Masugi Yohei , Yamazaki Ken , Effendi Kathryn , Takeuchi Hirohito , Itoi Takao , Hasegawa Yasushi , Abe Yuta , Kitago Minoru , Ojima Hidenori , Sakamoto Michiie
Published: December 2024

Figure S6. CXCL13 expression in TA and TLS
Supplementary Figure S4 from Spatial Dynamics of T- and B-Cell Responses Predicts Clinical Outcome of Resectable and Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kurebayashi Yutaka , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Tsujikawa Hanako , Matsuda Kosuke , Nomura Rui , Ueno Akihisa , Masugi Yohei , Yamazaki Ken , Effendi Kathryn , Takeuchi Hirohito , Itoi Takao , Hasegawa Yasushi , Abe Yuta , Kitago Minoru , Ojima Hidenori , Sakamoto Michiie
Published: December 2024

Figure S4. TCF1 expression in TA and TLS
Supplementary Figure S3 from Spatial Dynamics of T- and B-Cell Responses Predicts Clinical Outcome of Resectable and Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kurebayashi Yutaka , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Tsujikawa Hanako , Matsuda Kosuke , Nomura Rui , Ueno Akihisa , Masugi Yohei , Yamazaki Ken , Effendi Kathryn , Takeuchi Hirohito , Itoi Takao , Hasegawa Yasushi , Abe Yuta , Kitago Minoru , Ojima Hidenori , Sakamoto Michiie
Published: December 2024

Figure S3. CXCL13, PD1, and CXCR5 expression in Tfh cells
Supplementary Table 2 from Reverse Selection Designs for Accommodating Multiple Control Arms
Authors: Samorodnitsky Sarah , Othus Megan , LeBlanc Michael , Wu Michael C.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table 2. Comparing the reverse selection design (RSD) to a three-arm and a two-arm dealer’s choice design with a fast event rate.
Table S1 from Anlotinib plus TQB2450, a PD-L1 Antibody, in Patients with Advanced Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma: A Single-Arm, Phase II Trial
Authors: Tan Zhichao , Wu Yan , Fan Zhengfu , Gao Tian , Guo Wei , Bai Chujie , Xue Ruifeng , Li Shu , Zhang Lu , Wang Xinyu , Jia Ling , Liu Jiayong
Published: December 2024

Treatment-Related Adverse Effects
Figure S2 from Anlotinib plus TQB2450, a PD-L1 Antibody, in Patients with Advanced Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma: A Single-Arm, Phase II Trial
Authors: Tan Zhichao , Wu Yan , Fan Zhengfu , Gao Tian , Guo Wei , Bai Chujie , Xue Ruifeng , Li Shu , Zhang Lu , Wang Xinyu , Jia Ling , Liu Jiayong
Published: December 2024

PD-L1 Expression in ASPSs
Supplementary Data 1 from First-in-Human Dose-Escalation Study of the First-in-Class PDE3A–SLFN12 Complex Inducer BAY 2666605 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors Coexpressing SLFN12 and PDE3A
Authors: Papadopoulos Kyriakos P. , McKean Meredith , Goldoni Silvia , Genvresse Isabelle , Garrido Marine F. , Li Rui , Wilkinson Gary , Kneip Christoph , Yap Timothy A.
Published: December 2024

Supplemantary Figures 1 and 2; Supplementary Tables 1, 2, and 3.
Supplementary Table S2 from Phase Ib Study of the Immunocytokine Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) in Combination with Cetuximab in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hansen Aaron R. , Gomez-Roca Carlos A. , Robbrecht Debbie G. J. , Verlingue Loic , Italiano Antoine , Bauman Julie E. , Steeghs Neeltje , Prenen Hans , Fayette Jérôme , Spicer James , Niu Jiaxin , Habigt Christin , Schneider Meike , Evers Stefan , Sleiman Nassim , Dejardin David , Ardeshir Caroline , Schmid Daniela , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Kraxner Anton , Teichgräber Volker , Keshelava Nino , Bonomi Marcelo R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S2. Overview of adverse events.
Supplementary Data1 from Genomic Landscape of ctDNA and Real-World Outcomes in Advanced Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Soberanis Pina Pamela , Clemens Keelia , Bubie Adrian , Grant Brooke , Haynes Ginger , Zhang Nicole , Drusbosky Leylah , Lheureux Stephanie
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Data
Supplementary Figure S2 from Phase Ib Study of the Immunocytokine Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) in Combination with Cetuximab in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hansen Aaron R. , Gomez-Roca Carlos A. , Robbrecht Debbie G. J. , Verlingue Loic , Italiano Antoine , Bauman Julie E. , Steeghs Neeltje , Prenen Hans , Fayette Jérôme , Spicer James , Niu Jiaxin , Habigt Christin , Schneider Meike , Evers Stefan , Sleiman Nassim , Dejardin David , Ardeshir Caroline , Schmid Daniela , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Kraxner Anton , Teichgräber Volker , Keshelava Nino , Bonomi Marcelo R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. Additional pharmacodynamic results.
Table 3 from First-in-Human Dose-Escalation Study of Fianlimab, an Antilymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Antibody, with Cemiplimab in Patients with Advanced Malignancies
Authors: Lakhani Nehal J. , Papadopoulos Kyriakos P. , Johnson Melissa Lynne , Park Haeseong , Wang Ding , Yap Timothy A. , Dowlati Afshin , Maki Robert G. , Ulahannan Susanna , Lynce Filipa , Kelly Karen , Williamson Stephen , Malhotra Jyoti , Chen Shuquan , Gonzalez Ortiz Ana , Jankovic Vladimir , Paccaly Anne , Masinde Sheila , Mani Jayakumar , Lowy Israel , Gullo Giuseppe , Sims Tasha , Kroog Glenn
Published: December 2024

Investigator-assessed tumor response rate by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Phase Ib Study of the Immunocytokine Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) in Combination with Cetuximab in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hansen Aaron R. , Gomez-Roca Carlos A. , Robbrecht Debbie G. J. , Verlingue Loic , Italiano Antoine , Bauman Julie E. , Steeghs Neeltje , Prenen Hans , Fayette Jérôme , Spicer James , Niu Jiaxin , Habigt Christin , Schneider Meike , Evers Stefan , Sleiman Nassim , Dejardin David , Ardeshir Caroline , Schmid Daniela , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Kraxner Anton , Teichgräber Volker , Keshelava Nino , Bonomi Marcelo R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S1. Flow chart.
Table 2 from Circulating Chromogranin A as a Surveillance Biomarker in Patients with Carcinoids—The CASPAR Study
Authors: Meng Qing H. , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. , Bornhorst Joshua A. , Jann Henning , Shaheen Shagufta , Shi Run Zhang , Schwabe Andrej , Stade Katrin , Halperin Daniel M.
Published: December 2024

Contingency table and diagnostic performance metrics of intention-to-diagnose population.
Supplementary Table S6 from Efficacy, Safety, and Influence on the Tumor Microenvironment of Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab plus Ramucirumab for PD-L1–Positive NSCLC: A Phase II Trial (EAST ENERGY)
Authors: Aokage Keiju , Koyama Shohei , Kumagai Shogo , Nomura Kotaro , Shimada Yoshihisa , Yoh Kiyotaka , Wakabayashi Masashi , Fukutani Miki , Furuya Hideki , Miyoshi Tomohiro , Tane Kenta , Samejima Joji , Taki Tetsuro , Hayashi Takuo , Matsubayashi Jun , Ishii Genichiro , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Ikeda Norihiko , Tsuboi Masahiro
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S6: Interval from preoperative treatment to surgery and cases of postponed surgery.
Figure 1 from Circulating Chromogranin A as a Surveillance Biomarker in Patients with Carcinoids—The CASPAR Study
Authors: Meng Qing H. , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. , Bornhorst Joshua A. , Jann Henning , Shaheen Shagufta , Shi Run Zhang , Schwabe Andrej , Stade Katrin , Halperin Daniel M.
Published: December 2024

A, Clinical trial profile. Inclusion and exclusion criteria. B, Study site visit information for intention-to-diagnose population. ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Efficacy, Safety, and Influence on the Tumor Microenvironment of Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab plus Ramucirumab for PD-L1–Positive NSCLC: A Phase II Trial (EAST ENERGY)
Authors: Aokage Keiju , Koyama Shohei , Kumagai Shogo , Nomura Kotaro , Shimada Yoshihisa , Yoh Kiyotaka , Wakabayashi Masashi , Fukutani Miki , Furuya Hideki , Miyoshi Tomohiro , Tane Kenta , Samejima Joji , Taki Tetsuro , Hayashi Takuo , Matsubayashi Jun , Ishii Genichiro , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Ikeda Norihiko , Tsuboi Masahiro
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S3: Spatial analysis of the immunosuppressive cells neighboring the effector cells.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Efficacy, Safety, and Influence on the Tumor Microenvironment of Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab plus Ramucirumab for PD-L1–Positive NSCLC: A Phase II Trial (EAST ENERGY)
Authors: Aokage Keiju , Koyama Shohei , Kumagai Shogo , Nomura Kotaro , Shimada Yoshihisa , Yoh Kiyotaka , Wakabayashi Masashi , Fukutani Miki , Furuya Hideki , Miyoshi Tomohiro , Tane Kenta , Samejima Joji , Taki Tetsuro , Hayashi Takuo , Matsubayashi Jun , Ishii Genichiro , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Ikeda Norihiko , Tsuboi Masahiro
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S2: Relapse-free Survival outcomes according to the pathological response.
Data from Reverse Selection Designs for Accommodating Multiple Control Arms
Authors: Samorodnitsky Sarah , Othus Megan , LeBlanc Michael , Wu Michael C.
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Evaluating a novel treatment in a randomized controlled trial requires comparison against existing therapies. If several existing therapies of similar benefit exist, the identification of a single control regimen may be difficult. For this situation, we propose a reverse selection design which, in its simplest form, includes a single experimental treatment arm and two control arms. Rather than carrying both control arms through the entire trial, the control arms are compared at an early interim analysis, ideally while accrual is ongoing. At this time, the worst-performing control arm is dropped and randomization continues to the remaining arms. At the end of the study, we compare the treatment to the remaining control arm. When no head-to-head comparison of the extant therapies is available or feasible, this design requires a smaller sample size than a traditional three-arm design or two sequential trials in which the extant therapies are compared and the better treatment is used in a subsequent trial as the control arm. This is because the final comparison is only between two arms and because the early interim analysis occurs prior to the end of accrual—yet with enough information such that any substantially better control arm will be selected. We evaluate the operating characteristics of a reverse selection design via simulation and show that it reduces the required sample size needed to compare the treatment against the best control, controls type I error, and likely selects the right control arm to use in the final analysis.
Data from Anlotinib plus TQB2450, a PD-L1 Antibody, in Patients with Advanced Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma: A Single-Arm, Phase II Trial
Authors: Tan Zhichao , Wu Yan , Fan Zhengfu , Gao Tian , Guo Wei , Bai Chujie , Xue Ruifeng , Li Shu , Zhang Lu , Wang Xinyu , Jia Ling , Liu Jiayong
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is an ultrarare soft-tissue sarcoma with a high rate of metastasis and no established treatment. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of anlotinib (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and TQB2450 (a PD-L1 inhibitor) in patients with ASPS.
Patients and Methods:
This single-arm, phase II study evaluated the efficacy of TQB2450, an anti–PD-L1 agent, combined with anlotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in adults with advanced ASPS. TQB2450 was given intravenously (1,200 mg) on day 1, and anlotinib (12 mg/day) was taken orally from day 1 to 14 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall response rate, with secondary endpoints including duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Lymphocyte infiltration and tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) were also analyzed as potential prognostic biomarkers.
Results:
The study enrolled 29 patients, of whom 28 were evaluable (one withdrew because of acute pancreatitis). An objective response was achieved in 82.1% of patients, including 4 complete and 19 partial responses. The median time to response was 2.8 months, and the duration of response was not reached, with an estimated median progression-free survival of 35.2 months. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 44.8% of patients, with no study-related deaths. Responders had a higher proportion of TLS area, TLS density, and CD20-positive immune cells.
Conclusions:
The combination of anlotinib and TQB2450 is effective and tolerable in patients with ASPS. TLS may serve as a prognostic biomarker, meriting further investigation.
Supplementary Data from SpliceMutr Enables Pan-Cancer Analysis of Splicing-Derived Neoantigen Burden in Tumors
Authors: Palmer Theron , Kessler Michael D. , Shao Xiaoshan M. , Balan Archana , Yarchoan Mark , Zaidi Neeha , Lopez-Vidal Tamara Y. , Saeed Ali M. , Gore Jessica , Azad Nilofer S. , Jaffee Elizabeth M. , Favorov Alexander V. , Anagnostou Valsamo , Karchin Rachel , Gaykalova Daria A. , Fertig Elana J. , Danilova Ludmila
Published: December 2024

The supplementary figures file
The Role of TBX20 Gene Mutations in the Pathogenesis of Congenital Heart Disease: Functional Analysis and Genetic Association Study
Authors: Sun Qi , Li Qing , Qin Zhenzhen , Wen Yunhong , Liu Caixia
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the pathogenic role of TBX20 gene mutations in congenital heart disease (CHD), evaluate their impact on cardiac development and function, and quantify the association between TBX20 gene mutations and CHD risk through meta-analysis.
Methods: Genetic screening of 353 CHD patients and 350 healthy children was conducted using high-throughput sequencing technology to identify TBX20 gene mutations. Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to assess the mutations' effects on the structure and function of the TBX20 protein. The impact of these mutations on the cardiac cell phenotype was further verified through in vitro experiments. A meta-analysis, incorporating literature search and quality assessment, was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between TBX20 gene mutations and CHD risk.
Results: Two critical mutations in the TBX20 gene (missense mutation I121F and synonymous mutation T262T) were identified, and bioinformatics predictions along with molecular modeling revealed potential decreases in protein structural stability. The meta-analysis, including five studies, indicated that TBX20 gene mutations significantly increase CHD risk (pooled OR=5.73, 95%CI=[2.54, 12.91]). The influence of mutant TBX20 on its mRNA expression levels and downstream target gene ANF promoter activity further supported this finding. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment confirmed the robustness of the results.
Conclusion: This study confirms that TBX20 gene mutations play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CHD, affecting protein structure and function and significantly increasing CHD risk. These findings offer new insights into the genetic basis of CHD and may impact future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
ACCURACY OF NEAR-INFRARED IMAGING IN DETECTION OF PROXIMAL CARIES LESIONS IN DECIDUOUS MOLARS: AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: Oliveira Suzana , Siegl Regina , Moreira Kelly , Calvo Ana Flávia , Imparato José Carlos Pettorossi , Gimenez Thais
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of near-infrared imaging (NIRI) generated by the iTero Element 5D scanner for detecting proximal caries lesions in deciduous molars, compared with visual inspection (VI), bitewing radiography (BW) and histological examination (HT) (reference standard). Methods: Sound deciduous molars and those with caries lesions (ICDAS 0 to 5) on the proximal surface were included, while teeth with marginal crest breakdown, restoration on the mentioned surfaces, or extensive dentin resorption were excluded. A total of 182 deciduous molars, divided into 91 pairs of first and second molars, were evaluated by two blinded examiners. Two distinct thresholds were considered for the assessment of caries detection methods: enamel lesion (D1) and dentin lesion (D3). Specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated for each method in the statistical analysis. Results: All evaluated methods demonstrated high specificity at D1, with 1.00 for VI and 0.95 for NIRI and BW, and at D3, 0.99 for BW and 0.98 for NIRI and VI, without statistical differences. The sensitivity and accuracy of NIRI at D1 were 0.44 and 0.55, while those of VI were 0.46 and 0.58, and of BW were 0.60 and 0.68, respectively. And at D3 NIRI were 0.14 and 0.69, while those of VI were 0.37 and 0.77, and of BW were 0.51 and 0.82, respectively. No difference in sensitivity and accuracy was observed between NIRI and VI at D1 (p = 0.589); however, NIRI presented the lowest accuracy at D3. At D1, no statistical difference was observed between the AUC of BW and VI (p = 0.1124), nor between NIRI and VI (p = 0.2523). However, at D3, statistical differences were observed between the AUCs of the three evaluated methods: VI vs. NIRI (p = 0.0005), VI vs. BW (p = 0.0281), and NIRI vs. BW (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: NIRI showed accuracy comparable to visual inspection at the D1 threshold but was less effective than bitewing radiography at both D1 and D3 thresholds.
Level V metastases in node positive oral squamous cell carcinoma – beyond level IIA and III
Authors: Majumdar Kinjal Shankar , Kailey Vikramjit Singh , Varshney Akash , Abhinav Thaduri , Panuganti Achyuth , Usmani Shahab Ali , Kaul Pallvi , Maharaj Dungala Dileep , Singh Abhijeet , Moideen Areej , Prasath Ramesh , Ravichandran Nivedhan , Devi Nongthombam Surjalata , Bhardwaj Abhishek , Priya Madhu , Malhotra Manu
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Surgical management of level V in clinically node positive (cN+) oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is controversial. The objectives of the study were to identify predictors of level V metastases in cN+ OSCC.

Methods
This retrospective study is based on institutional data of operated cN+ OSCC between April 2018 and December 2022. Clinical and pathological parameters were subjected to univariate analysis. Significant parameters in univariate analysis were further subjected to multivariate analysis. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
None of cN1 or pN1 patients had a level V metastasis. No skip metastasis to level-V was noticed. Total number of positive lymph nodes, lymph node ratio (LNR), extranodal extension, pN classification, and presence of level II and III metastases were found to be significant predictors for level V metastases. The post hoc analysis suggested that ≥5 positive nodes, LNR >0.1 and pN3 status were independent risk factors for level V metastases.

Conclusion
Selective neck dissection for N+ OSCC is feasible in the N1 neck, preferably where nodal metastases is limited to level-I only. Patients with a bulky nodal disease, particularly those with N3 neck, ≥5 positive nodes, ENE, and metastatic lymph nodes in level II and III should be offered comprehensive neck dissection.
Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerosis in an Australian Context: Common and Underdiagnosed in Multiple Ethnic Groups
Authors: Pavlin‐Premrl Davor , Waters Michael , Thijs Vincent , Mitchell Peter J. , Yassi Nawaf , Parsons Mark W. , Weir Louise , Pesavento Lauren , Maingard Julian , Cloud Geoffrey , Stanislaus Vimal , Ngun Mei , Campbell Bruce C.V.
Published: December 2024

Background

Intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAD) is a common cause of stroke globally. We calculated the proportion of patients with stroke with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis in an Australian multiethnic setting, as well as diagnostic rates by stroke physicians and radiologists.

Methods

This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study based in Melbourne, Australia. Demographic data (including self‐reported ethnicity) and data on vascular risk factors were collected. Symptomatic ICAD was independently identified by 2 blinded stroke neurologists using multiplanar reformats and maximum intensity projections of routinely acquired thin slice computed tomography angiography data, with disagreements resolved by a third blinded stroke neurologist. This diagnostic reference standard was compared to the proportion of patients with ICAD identified in the radiology report and stroke team clinical notes.

Results

Of 1328 patients included (mean age, 73 years; 43% female), the proportion of patients with centrally read symptomatic ICAD was 14%, of whom 39% were diagnosed by the stroke clinical team and 65% by the reporting radiologist. Patients of Asian ethnicity more commonly had symptomatic ICAD than patients of European ethnicity (21% versus 14%; odds ratio, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0–2.23]).

Conclusion

Intracranial atherosclerosis is common and underdiagnosed in an Australian tertiary stroke care unit setting in patients from multiple ethnic backgrounds.
Nineteenth-Century Transatlantic Coastal Culture: Marine Vegetation as Inspiration and Material
Authors: Slipp Naomi
Published: December 2024

This essay explores how Clement Nye Swift's 1878 painting Une charretée de goemon sur une plage de Bretagne spoke to a range of historical practices and meanings for oceanic algae and articulated a nostalgic account of seaweed collection in the late 1800s, when traditional New England coastal practices were transforming.
Printing Whaling Masculinity in A Shoal of Sperm Whale
Authors: Wells Marina
Published: December 2024

This article discusses how the earliest American whaling prints reinforced and constructed ideas about gender. Whaleman Cornelius Hulsart was injured in a whaling accident, but sold prints that highlighted whaling violence, glorified able-bodied sailors, and thanked the industry. These scenes would impact how masculinity was understood in visual culture.
Two new species of Sigambra (Annelida, Pilargidae) from the Andaman coast and the Gulf of Thailand
Authors: PLATHONG JINTANA , PLATHONG SAKANAN , KLANGNURAK WANLADA , DEAN HARLAN K.
Published: December 2024

Two species of Pilargidae, Sigambra pakbaraensis sp. nov. and S. sirilukae sp. nov. are described from different coasts of Southern Thailand (Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand). Both species belong to the subgroup of Sigambra which lack ventral cirri at chaetiger 2 and have capillary notochaetae. Sigambra pakbaraensis sp. nov. is described from the Andaman coast and can be distinguished from other species in the genus by the occurrence of the first dorsal hook at chaetiger 8, the presence of capillaries in notopodia, and 14 pharyngeal papillae. Sigambra sirilukae sp. nov. is described from the Gulf of Thailand and it is clearly distinguished from all other species in the genus by having 12 pharynx papillae, an elongate median antenna with a large ceratophore, dorsal hooks from middle chaetigers, and up to five capillary notochaetae from anterior most chaetigers (4–5). Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and mitochondrial genes 16S, indicate S. pakbaraensis sp. nov. clusters within Sigambra Müller, 1858. Pores on the dorsal and ventral cirri of both species are herein described for the first time for the genus. An updated key to species of Sigambra from the Indo-Pacific region is also provided.
Invasive Cape ivy (Asteraceae: Delairea odorata Lem.) confirmed as a host for the North American leafminer Liriomyza temperata Spencer (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Authors: EISEMAN CHARLES S. , LONSDALE OWEN , MONTGOMERY GRAHAM A. , JACOBSEN JAKE M. , KAHN ETHAN X. , ROSATI MIA C. , HAUSER MARTIN , PARIKH GRISHMA R. , YU DORIS
Published: December 2024

A leafminer reared in California from Cape ivy (Asteraceae: Delairea odorata Lem.), an invasive plant introduced from South Africa, is identified as Liriomyza temperata Spencer (Diptera: Agromyzidae). This is believed to be a novel host association for a native Nearctic fly, which appears to have been introduced in Hawaii along with Cape ivy. Liriomyza tricornis Lonsdale syn. nov. is treated as a junior synonym of L. temperata. There are no previous host records for either taxon. We review previously published rearing records of North American Liriomyza spp. from other plants in the tribe Senecioneae, as well as observations of unidentified Liriomyza mines on these plants. We also discuss the leaf mine and DNA barcode of an undetermined Trypeta sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) found mining leaves of Cape ivy in California.
Two new species of Rhaucus Simon, 1879 reveal putative synapomorphies related to the microstructural morphology of male genitalia (Opiliones: Cosmetidae)
Authors: PINZÓN-M. CONCHITA , PINTO-DA-ROCHA RICARDO
Published: December 2024

Two new species of Rhaucus Simon, 1879 are described from Bolívar, Colombia: Rhaucus gaiterus sp. nov. and Rhaucus artifex sp. nov. Additionally, two species of Meterginus Pickard-Cambridge, 1905 are transferred to the genus Rhaucus based on genital and somatic characters, resulting in two new combinations: Rhaucus serratus (Roewer 1912) comb. nov. and Rhaucus marmoratus (Roewer 1912) comb. nov. Thus, the genus Rhaucus is currently represented by ten species. Structures related to the ventral macrosetae on the ventral plate of the penis are described and proposed as putative synapomorphies, based on the occurrence of these characters in almost all species of this genus. A comparative discussion is provided regarding the morphology of the ozopore in species of this genus. Finally, our findings suggest that Rhaucus is more widely distributed than previously thought, occurring not only in the Andean mountains of Colombia but also in the Ecuadorian Andean mountains and the northern lowlands of Colombia.
Impact Factors of the Maturity of FSSC in the Digital Age: A Study Based on Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Guo Xiaomei , Wu Jiajin , Sun Mengdie
Published: December 2024

Since the mid-1980s, many multinational companies (MNCs) have transformed their finance functions into financial shared service centers (FSSCs), in order to cut costs and optimize internal operations. When it came to the 21st century, breakthroughs in technology have witnessed the rapid growth of the digital economy, promoting the digital transformation of enterprises and the digital transformation of finance. The construction of a FSSC has laid a solid foundation for the digital transformation of finance and has gained popularity in large companies. However, the practices of FSSC in China are deeply associated with the development of IT. Some scholars see it as a kind of IT application in the finance function, as evidenced by the active involvement of IT companies in the establishment of FSSCs. In this paper, the authors launched a questionnaire to measure the maturity of the FSSC in Chinese companies. Data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM), aiming to study the factors that have impacts on the maturity of FSSC and the influencing path of the factors. Influencing factors were designed based on the TOE (Technology-Organization-Environment) theory, and the maturity model of FSSC was modified from the PwC (PricewaterhouseCoopers) maturity model of FSSC. And then a structural model was constructed. Various tests for SEM were used, and the study showed that the technological and organizational conditions of enterprises have promoted the construction and development of FSSCs, while the external environmental conditions indirectly influenced the maturity of FSSC through affecting the organizational and technological conditions. The paper also showed the influencing path of the factors.
Methods of Optimal Accelerated Life Test Plans: A Review
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Kumar Kaushal , Ahmad Nesar
Published: December 2024

Accelerated life tests (ALT) have been used as a powerful tool to obtain time based information on the life span or performance characteristics over time of the items. Tests are performed under higher stressed levels instead of under normal use constraints. Obtained information as tests results are used to make predictions about life span over time at the real use. Accelerated testing under different stresses continuously helps in improving product reliability and in formulating warranty policies. This paper aims to provide insight into the methods of optimal acceleration life test designs. We first present a review of literature on optimum design of accelerated life tests in chronological order over the last six decades. Second, we present life time distributions with their mean lifetime or qth quantity and life stress relationship with their different factors level. We also present a flow chart outlining the process of accelerated life test planning. Further, we present the estimation methods commonly employed in the field of accelerated life testing, including least squares estimation, maximum likelihood estimation, graphical estimation, and Bayesian estimation. Finally, we provide an analytical discussion on accelerated life testing. This review aims to assist researchers, reliability engineers, and scientists in enhancing the design and planning of accelerated life tests.
Control of Calotropis procera Infestation in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania
Authors: Kavana Pius , Bukombe John , Wanzara Norbert , Reuben Emmanuel , Mbwambo Baraka , DottoKeyyu Julius , Mjingo Eblate
Published: December 2024

A targeted herbicide application was used in this study in Ruaha National Park to control the considerable infestation of Calotropis procera and minimize its adverse ecological effects on the ecosystem. A specific plants trial was set up at Msembe site using a Randomized Complete Block Design. The site had an estimate of more than 370 ha infested with C. procera. The site was portioned by establishing square sampling plots of 35m x 35m, within which 42 sub-plots (5m x 5m) were randomly distributed. Three replicates of each of seven herbicide treatments were administered using a specific treatment preparation to incisions made to stems and branches of calotropes. Results indicated a significant variation (p < 0.001) of calotrope mortality caused by treatments and period of herbicide application. A significant (p< 0.001) interaction was observed between treatments and herbicide application period. The main factor that contributed to the interaction was the glyphosate herbicide dilution. High content of glyphosate (50–100%) killed more than 75% of Calotrope when applied before noon while lower content (<50%), i.e. 5% and 12.5% were effective when applied in the noon and afternoon killing about 50% of the Calotrope. Irrespective of glyphosate application period, plant mortality increased with increasing glyphosate content and variation in glyphosate treatments was significant at p<0.001. Mixing of glyphosate and 2,4-D herbicides resulted in relatively lower calotrope mortality than glyphosate treatments alone. It was concluded that diluted and concentrated glyphosate herbicide solutions were most effective in controlling calotrope. However, the efficacy of diluted herbicide solutions (<50%) was high when applied in the afternoon and efficacy of concentrated herbicide solutions was high when applied before noon. Mixing of glyphosate and 2, 4-D resulted in low efficacy. It was envisaged that while diluted concentrations of herbicide are more effective, it is plausible to consider best time of effective herbicide application to control specific invasive plant species.
Influence of Wood Cutting and Fire on the Regeneration of the Vegetation Cover in the Sudano-Guinean Savannahs of Adamaoua, Cameroon
Authors: Dieudonné Ranava , Jacob Massai , Pale Maigari , Sago Ibrahima , Amadou Mamadou , Bethléhem Ignatchimbie , Sounya Jean , Oumarou Mamout , Aristide Torrey , Aristide Tchobsala , Adamou Ibrahima
Published: December 2024

The various plant formations of the Guinean high savannah are subject to wood cutting and bush fires. This study aimed to assess the influence of logging and bush fires on the regeneration of the vegetation cover of the Sudano-Guinean savannahs. It was carried out on two types of plant formations (shrub and tree savannahs) with 18 plots, each 10 meters square, according to a randomized block experimental set-up and with different anthropogenic actions as treatments: wood cutting without fire, wood cutting with fire and control for a period of two years. Wood cutting by humans influences changes in the physiognomy of plant formations, and fire has an impact on the transformation of the savannah. In the shrub savannah, the number of trees varies from 76 to 160 (CSF), 60 to 109 (CAF) and 78 to 102 (T) in the first and second years respectively. On the other hand, in the tree savannah, 204 to 367 (CSF), 149 to 342 (CAF) and 189 to 257 (T). The regeneration rate of individuals increased from 6% to 24% in the shrub savannah and from 6% to 28%. The mortality rate was 9.46% CSF, 10.85% CAF and 15.89% T in the shrub savannah, while in the tree savannah it was 27.97% CSF, 15.51% CAF and 20.86% in the control site in the second year. The correlation between reiteration and mortality shows that, according to the analysis of variance, there is no statistically significant difference (0.8589>0.05) between plant formations and treatments. The phytogeographical distribution shows that Pantropical species (26.01%) are more important in both formations.
Effects of Various Feed Sources Vermicompost on Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L) Growth Performance at Hawassa
Authors: Demerew Malefia , Abera Girma
Published: December 2024

The research was conducted to study the effects of vermicompost produced from various biodegradable wastes on lettuce growth performance. The experiment was conducted at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture during 2022 cropping season. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments, 7 treatments were using vermicomposts produced from agro-industrial wastes such as avocado and coffee husk and agricultural waste (cow dung and enset produced at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture and negative control (without vermicompost amendment) was included as check. The treatments were arranged in RCBD with 3 replications. The plot size was 1.5 m*1.5m. The spacing between plants and rows were 0.25 m and 0.3 m respectively. 8 t/ha vermicompost was added to each plot. The data were analyzed using SAS software version 9.3. vermicompost prepared from all feeding materials had significantly (p <0.05) higher lettuce yield, dry weight, plant height, root length, and leaf area than the negative control. However, the highest lettuce yield (20.25 t/ha) was recorded from vermicompost produced from organic materials such as coffee husk+ avocado waste + enset waste + cow dung followed by vermicompost produced from coffee husk + cow dung. Similarly, the highest dry weight (10.09 %) was found from vermicompost produced from mixed biowaste of coffee husk + cow dung. Therefore, from the present study, it could be concluded that vermicompost prepared from coffee husk + cow dung and coffee husk + avocado waste + enset waste + cow dung are suitable biowaste for lettuce production in Sidama area.
Analysis of Bank Financial Health During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the Camel Method (Study at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), tbk 2020-2023)
Authors: Sutisna Eka , R Raihan , Suhara Edi , Rahmania Rabia
Published: December 2024

Analysis of Bank Financial Health During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the CAMEL Method (Study at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk). This study aims to determine whether PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk experiences differences in financial health as measured by CAMEL (Capital, Assets, Earnings and Liquidity) between during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in this analysis is the Descriptive Method with a Quantitative Approach. The data used are the Financial Reports of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk for the period 2020 - 2023. and the data analysis technique uses the CAMEL Method. The results of the study show that CAMEL PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic is declared healthy. Average CAR BRI During COVID-19 23.60% and CAR BRI After COVID-19 23.60%, Average KAP During COVID-19 1.76% and After COVID-19 1.96%, Average NPM During COVID-19 72.45% and After COVID-19 78.64%, Average ROA During COVID-19 2.82% and After COVID-19 3.93% and Average LDR During COVID-19 82.76% and After COVID-19 84.73%. Bank BRI was able to face the economic crisis during COVID-19 and was consistently able to maintain its financial performance well.
An Analysis of the Observance of the Cooperative Principle Maxims in Selected Kenyan Courts of Law
Authors: Omwancha Janet , Odhiambo Kenneth , Ombati Jane
Published: December 2024

In legal settings, such as courts of law, the observance of the Cooperative Principle (CP) is particularly crucial. Maxim observance, according to the cooperative principle developed by philosopher H. P. Grice, is a concept in the field of pragmatics and linguistics that explains how people engage in effective communication by following certain conversational norms and expectations. Paul Grice proposed the cooperative principle, which is divided into four maxims (manner, quantity, quality and relation), as a framework for understanding how people convey meaning in conversation. Hence, using the Gricean cooperative principle, this paper seeks to examine the observance of the Cooperative Principle maxims in Selected Kenyan Courts of Law. This study used a total of 12 cases collected during the examinations and cross examinations phases of the selected courtroom trials. Data was analyzed from the 12 purposively sampled cases to show the instances of occurrence of the observance of the CP maxim. The study discovered that there was adherence to the CP maxims. The maxim of manner was observed the most, followed by the maxim of quantity, quality then relation during courtroom interactions, particularly in the examination and cross-examination phases thus the principles of fairness, justice, and professionalism were upheld.
Study of Dietary Risk Factors Involved in the Occurrence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Among Students in Ivory Coast
Authors: N’Guessan Anon , Aka Francis , Yeboue Kouame , Ake-Tano Purifine , Yapi Ahoua , Ahui-Bitty Marie
Published: December 2024

In 2016, the work of Amoikon et al showed a high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux and inappropriate eating habits in student populations in Ivory Coast. With the aim of continuing this work through the search for explanatory dietary factors, a dietary study was carried out. It took place from October 15, 2016 to February 17, 2017, in a population of 1228 students, with an average age of 22.5 years, dominated by the male sex. This is a prospective cross-sectional study, with a descriptive and analytical aim, with the main objective of studying the relationship between eating habits and the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux among students in Ivory Coast. The evaluation of pathologies frequently encountered in the population revealed a prevalence of 29.3% of gastroesophageal reflux. The analysis of the relationship between eating behaviors and the occurrence of the pathology revealed the involvement the high consumption of carbonated drinks, spicy foods, non-alcoholic exciting products, and flavor enhancer products. In view of these results we can conclude that unrationalized eating habits can lead to health problems. This study proves that certain inadequate dietary behaviors are responsible for gastroesophageal reflux in students’ population and could have repercussions on the success rate in our universities. In order to avoid this situation, it would be important to organize awareness campaigns for behavior change with a view to improve their state of health.
Assessing Microbiological Quality and Safety of Fresh Fruits Sold at Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Amenu Desalegn , Nugusa Ayantu , Desalegn Ra’el , Tolera Chimdesa , Tafesse Temesgen
Published: December 2024

There is ample evidence that eating fresh fruits has numerous health and nutritional advantages, making them an indispensable part of the human diet. They are one of the main causes of food-borne illnesses if they are not properly harvested, processed, stored, and handled. This study aimed to assess the microbial quality and safety of fresh fruits sold in Nekemte town. Sixty samples were collected from open markets and analyzed for their microbial quality and safety. The study found that the highest total viable count was found in avocado, followed by papaya, banana, and orange. The highest ASFBC count was found in banana, while the lowest was in orange. The highest total coliform count was found in banana. The study identified eleven bacterial genera, including Enterobacter spp, Escherichia spp, Klebsella spp, Staphylococcus spp, Aeromonas spp, Bacillus spp, Shigella spp, Proteus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Samonella spp, and Streptococcus spp. The most dominated genera were Staphylococcus spp, Escherichia spp, Streptococcus spp, Shigella spp, Aeromonas spp, and Proteus spp. The results suggest that contamination during fruit harvesting or processing and handling could lead to foodborne illnesses. Regular supervision and training can improve the quality of fresh fruit.
Democracy and State Development: Patterns of Public Spending in the First Two Waves of Democratization
Authors: Higashijima Masaaki , Mitchell Austin M.
Published: December 2024

How do core principles of modern democracy impact the development of state spending? Drawing on Dahl’s (1971) conceptualization of polyarchy, we explain that public budgets in modern states evolved according to how electoral competition and suffrage incorporated key actors within societies. Before contestation and suffrage, land-owning elites led states that focused spending on repressive capacity to maintain regime security. Contestation without broad participation incorporated urban elites who benefited from spending on economic development. Extending suffrage to the masses expanded spending on social welfare but only when regimes allowed for political competition. To test the hypotheses, we collect data on patterns of government finance for over thirty countries across the globe between the early 19th and mid-20th centuries. Two-way fixed effects models and multiple sensitivity analyses offer strong evidence for the theoretical expectations. The findings expand on a substantial literature to form a more complete understanding of democracy and public budgets.
Exploring Sex-Based Differences Among Adolescent Perpetrators of Sexual Violence: A Test of General Strain Theory
Authors: Paez Gabriel R. , Briones Robinson Rhissa
Published: December 2024

Using data from the 2022 Minnesota Student Survey ( N = 85,004), this study applies multivariate logistic analyses for rare events to understand better sexual violence committed by adolescents from a general strain theory perspective. Informed by this theory, measures of unmet goals, loss of positive stimuli, and exposure to negative stimuli were used to develop multivariate logistic models that were examined to improve our empirical understanding of adolescent perpetration of sexual violence. The study also investigates whether sex-based differences exist among perpetrators. Results indicate that older adolescents and males were more likely to perpetrate sexual violence, with various forms of strain increasing the risk of perpetration as well as demonstrating slightly similar effects across sexes.
A Descriptive Portrait of the Paraeducator Workforce in Washington State
Authors: Theobald Roddy J. , Kaler Lindsey , Bettini Elizabeth , Jones Nathan D.
Published: December 2024

Paraeducators are critically important members of school communities, but there is little statewide research on the characteristics of paraeducators. We therefore use over 25 years of longitudinal data from Washington state to provide a descriptive portrait of the paraeducator workforce. Paraeducators are more racially and ethnically diverse than special education teachers, particularly in the last decade, and tend to be less experienced. Their full-time salaries are about half of the average for special education teachers. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, paraeducator attrition rates from the state's workforce have increased dramatically over time; for example, the paraeducator attrition rate after the 2021–2022 school year (23%) was over twice as high as the that in the 2008–2009 school year (8%). These findings have implications for how policymakers and school leaders should approach decision-making related to the paraeducator workforce, as well as how researchers might approach further research with this group of educators.