bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tratamento cirúrgico de fratura de mandíbula após transposição do nervo alveolar inferior: relato de caso
Authors: Macêdo Felipe Carvalho de , Almeida Neto Luis Ferreira de , Marcelino Karolina Pires , Dantas Euler Maciel , Dantas Wagner Ranier Maciel , Barbosa Gustavo Augusto Seabra , Gondim André Luiz Marinho Falcão
Published: September 2020

Atualmente, a região posterior de mandíbula atrófica  tem se tornado um desafio quando se fala em reabilitação utilizando implantes dentários. Apesar do alto índice de sucesso das técnicas cirúrgicas ideais para cada caso, nos deparamos com complicações no trans e pós-operatório, tais como: parestesia, infecções de tecidos moles e ósseo, hemorragia, perda de implantes e fratura de mandíbula. Objetivou-se com esse estudo relatar um caso de fratura de mandíbula após realização de reabilitação de região posterior de mandíbula com transposição do nervo alveolar inferior e instalação de implantes dentários. O paciente do caso em questão apresentava edentulismo parcial em região posterior de mandíbula associada a uma severa atrofia óssea vertical. O planejamento proposto foi a realização da  transposição do nervo alveolar inferior e instalação de implantes dentários no mesmo momento cirúrgico. Após dez dias de pós-operatório o paciente foi diagnosticado com uma fratura em região de corpo mandibular. Com o caso, pode-se concluir que a técnica cirúrgica de transposição do nervo alveolar inferior possui alta complexidade no seu planejamento e execução, porém, quando realizada corretamente e com uma equipe técnica habilitada para solucuionar as intercorrências  atua promovendo uma nova possibilidade de reabilitação para pacientes com limitações anatômicas, estéticas e funcionais.
Análise qualitativa do perfil químico de plantas medicinais do horto das Faculdades Nova Esperança
Authors: Nascimento Júnior Claudionor  Soares do , Cavalcanti Élida Batista Vieira Sousa , Sousa Aleson  Pereira de , Silva Daniele de Figueredo , Ferreira Maria Denise Leite
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho trata-se da análise qualitativa de classes de metabólitos secundários presentes em amostras de cinco espécies de plantas medicinais oriundas do horto das Faculdades Nova Esperança, sendo elas: Justicia pectoralis Jacq var. stenophylla Leonard, Symphytum officinale L., Dysphania ambrosioides L., Ocimum basilicum L. e Artemisia vulgaris L. buscando-se conhecer o perfil de metabólitos secundários produzidos pelas espécies por triagem fitoquímica e RMN1H. Para análise qualitativa uma alíquota de cada extrato foi submetida isoladamente a ensaios específicos, estabelecidos na literatura, para identificar a presença das seguintes classes de constituintes: Flavonoides, Saponinas, Alcaloides, Taninos e Terpenoides, bem como por espectros de RMN de 1H. Dessa forma foram realizadas comparações com a literatura no intuito de verificar a presença das classes de metabolitos relacionadas com as atividades biológicas. Os dados permitiram constatar o predomínio de classes como: flavonoides, alcaloides e terpenos nas espécies, aliado as identificações dessas classes de compostos por meio de regiões características nos espectros de RMN de 1H nosermitindo o direcionamento de um perfil fitoquímico para cada planta separadamente.
Tratamento cirúrgico de sialólito em glândula salivar submandibular: relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Rebeca Valeska Soares , Silva Joana de Ângelis Alves , Souza José Ricardo dos Santos , Honorato Tasso Assuero Menezes , Silva Reginaldo Fernandes da , Andrade Clenia Emanuela de Sousa , Campos Gustavo José de Luna , Lucas Neto Alfredo
Published: September 2020

A sialolitíase é uma das doenças mais comuns das glândulas salivares. Os sialólitos geralmente ocorrem nos ductos submandibulares ou na glândula e são classificados como de tamanho incomum ou sialólitos “gigantes” caso qualquer dimensão exceda 15 mm. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso clínico de sialólito localizado em glândula submandibular, bem como discutir a literatura pertinente sobre o tema. Paciente do sexo feminino, 68 anos, compareceu serviço de CTBMF do Hospital de Trauma de Campina Grande, queixando-se de incômodo e episódios dor, vermelhidão em região submandibular esquerda e boca seca. Uma massa calcificada com medidas 16 x 10 mm foi evidenciado através de uma tomografia computadorizada,  no trajeto do ducto da glândula submandibular esquerda. Foi realizado a exérese do cálculo salivar, sob anestesia geral. Após acesso e remoção do mesmo, foi feita a instalação de um jelco nº 16 para auxiliar a reepetilização do local a fim de manter a patência do ducto envolvido. Portanto, a correta avaliação tendo em vista a localização e o tamanho do sialólito, é indispensável para o plano de tratamento e a boa execução, neste caso, a excisão cirúrgica do sialólito foi a técnica considerada e resultados positivos foram obtidos.
Características de carcaça, composição tecidual e análise sensorial da carne de bezerros aleitados com níveis crescentes de soro de queijo em pó
Authors: Moura Andrezza Kyarelle Bezerra de , Lima Renata Nayhara de , Silva Adryana Brenda de Oliveira , Miranda Maria Vivianne Freitas Gomes de , Assis Liz Carolina da Silva Lagos Cortes , Salgado Raquel Lima , Lima Patrícia de Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do aleitamento com soro de queijo em pó associado ao leite em pó refugado de indústria sobre as características, rendimentos e qualidade da carne de bezerros de origem leiteira. Foram utilizados 40 bezerros machos distribuídos em quatro tratamentos e dez repetições: LI - leite de integral (controle); LP - 100% leite em pó; LPS1 – 80% leite em pó + 20% soro de queijo em pó e LPS2 - 60% de leite em pó + 40% de soro de queijo. Na carcaça, foram avaliados os valores de pH e temperatura ao abate e após 24 horas de resfriamento. Os parâmetros físico-químicos, atividade de água, acidez, umidade, cinzas, proteínas e lipídeos da carne foram avaliados no músculo Longissimus dorsi. O pH médio da carcaça pós-abate foi de 6,6 e o pH após resfriamento de 5,3. Os valores médios de umidade, proteína, extrato etéreo e cinzas foram: 73,36%; 23,03%; 2,00% e 1,06%, respectivamente. Na análise sensorial foram avaliados cor, maciez, sabor, suculência, impressão global e intenção de compra, não apresentou diferença significativa. As dietas testadas não interferiram nas características de carcaça, composição tecidual e nos atributos qualitativos da carne dos animais avaliados, sendo possível a substituição do leite integral por dietas a base de soro de queijo em pó e leite em pó, não apresentando prejuízos ao desenvolvimento de bezerros leiteiros em fase de aleitamento.
Investigating the Effect of Managing Scenarios of Flow Reduction and Increasing Irrigation Water Demand on Water Resources Allocation Using System Dynamics (Case Study: Zonouz Dam, Iran)
Authors: SATTARİ Mohammad Taghi , MİRABBASİ Rasoul , DOLATİ Hossein , SHAKER SUREH Fatemeh , AHMAD Sajjad
Published: September 2020

Meeting the
healthy nutrition needs of the increasing population in the arid and semi-arid
climates of the different regions of the world such as Iran has become very
important for the agriculture ministry and water resources managers. In this
study, the system dynamics approach was used in the Vensim software environment
to allocate the water of the Zonouz dam reservoir for irrigation purposes in
the northwest of Iran. For this purpose, the existing surface water resources
in the basin and the amounts of agricultural water and environmental water
demands were determined and a water allocation plan was developed. In the first
stage of the study, it was found that if the existing water resources and
demands will not change, the amount of water stored in the reservoir will
provide approximately 91% of irrigation water demands and approximately 99% of
environmental water needs. The model created in the study was found to be
sensitive to reservoir inputs and irrigation water demands. Within the scope of
this study, the impact of two different scenarios that may occur as a result of
climate change and irrigation management in the operation of the reservoir was
evaluated. The decrease in the amount of water entering the reservoir in the
first scenario and the increase in irrigation water needs in the second
scenario are assumed within the next 10 years. According to the simulation
results of the first scenario, irrigation water demands will not be met
sufficiently with the decrease in the amount of water to be stored in the
reservoir due to the decrease in the amount of water entering the reservoir in
the next 10 years. According to the results of the second scenario, in the next
10 years due to possible climate change or if the cultivated area increases due
to some new agricultural policies; The amount of water stored in the reservoir
will not meet the irrigation demands and there will be water shortage in the
system. In this case, it is necessary to make changes in irrigation water
management and use new irrigation systems to save water. Based on the findings
of the study, it has been observed that the impact of all types of irrigation
water policies can be successfully evaluated within the scope of the system
dynamics approach.
Hodnotenie dôkazov v daňovom práve
Authors: Sábo Jozef
Published: September 2020

Monografia sa zaoberá dvomi základnými aspektami hodnotenia dôkazov v práve. Vo svojej prvej časti sa snaží monografia o zodpovedanie otázky: „Ako je možné aplikovať práva na individuálny prípad, ako ľudské poznanie minulosti je objektívne limitované a neúplné?“ (teda aká je povaha pravdy v práve?). Druhá časť monografie identifikuje modely uvažovania, týkajúce sa skutkových otázok, ktoré sa vyskytujú naprieč rozdielnymi právnymi prípadmi (predovšetkým daňového a trestného práva). V tomto smere monografia čerpá z anglo-amerického právneho prostredia a zaoberá sa tromi hlavnými prístupmi v hodnotení dôkazov: argumentáciou, pravdepodobnosťou a príbehmi a rolou, ktorú zohrávajú pri hodnotení dôkazov. Monografia je výsledkom riešenia grantového projektu APVV 16-0160 zaoberajúcim sa daňovými únikmi a daňovými podvodmi (predovšetkým ich motivačnými faktormi, vznikom a elimináciou). Veríme, že lepšie poznanie hodnotenia dôkazov môže napomôcť k zlepšeniu efektivity pri výkone správy daní.
ANALISIS BEBAN PENDINGINAN PADA COLD STORAGE UNTUK PENYIMPANAN DAGING
Authors: Fajarani Ratu Mutia , Handoyo Yopi , Rahmanto Raden Hengki
Published: September 2020

Cooling is the best preservation method than others because the food that has been cooled will remain fresh and will not experience a change in taste, color and aroma, besides all the activities that cause decay will stop so that the cooled food will last longer. (Hartanto, 1984). With the proper cooling engine planning, it can help with spatial adjustments, adjustments to loading, estimation of the power to be used, and budget plans. That is what is commonly called the cooling load calculation. Calculation of cooling load needs to be carried out before planning. This is necessary because the magnitude of the pending load is very influential on the selection of the cooling engine so that the freezing point for preserving food can be accurate. Pendiginan burden is influenced by external and internal factors. With the experimental method, it is obtained the results of the external cooling load as the external cooling load is 11.6 kW, the inner cooling load is 138.8 kW and the performance work coefficient (COP) is 2.
ANALISIS PENGARUH WAKTU TAHAN SALT BATH NITRIDING TERHADAP KETEBALAN NITRIDE LAYER DAN KEKERASAN PERMUKAAN PADA MATERIAL SUH35 (JIS: SUH35)
Authors: Sofi Ni'am , Ekawati Fatimah Dian , Santoso Budi
Published: September 2020

Time is a parameter that is very influential on the productivity and product quality from the nitriding process. This study aims to find out how much effect of the holding time in salt bath nitriding process to the nitride layer thickness and surface hardness of SUH35 material. This salt bath nitriding process used chemical salt with cyanide content (CNˉ) 1.5% - 4.5%, and cyanate content (CNOˉ) 28% - 32%. The workpiece used in this study is a cylindrical SUH35 material with diameter 5 mm. Temperature that used for salt bath nitriding process is 580 ° C with a variation of the holding time is 20 minutes, 25 minutes and 35 minutes. From this study, results of the data obtained are, with a holding time 20 minutes the average thickness of the nitride layer SUH35 material is 12.74 µm and the average surface hardness is 556.96 Hv. With a holding time 25 minutes the average thickness of the nitride layer SUH35 material is 16.07 µm and the average surface hardness is 792.18 Hv. With a holding time 35 minutes the average thickness of the nitride layer SUH35 material is 20.17 µm and the average surface hardness is 989.94 Hv.
Changes in the electrocardiogram with focal myocardial damage
Authors: Ryabykina G. V.
Published: September 2020

The present report introduces the electrophysiological conception of charging current in myocardium, alteration of ECG in different intensity of necrosis of myocardium, introduces parameter of topical diagnostics of focal changing of myocardium. Numerous clinical-ECG examples show specific ECG patterns in diagnostics of different types of myocardial infarction.
Adrenal Cystic Lesion Presented With Spontaneous Hemorrhage
Authors: Damburacı Nurullah , Sevinç Barış , Duran Cevdet , Karahan Ömer
Published: September 2020

Adrenal hemorrhage is a rare but life-threatening condition.
Spontaneous hemorrhage occurs without any trauma. A focal bleeding may cause
even a subclinical condition or cardiovascular collapse with massive bleeding.
Non-proper diagnosis may cause even death. In literature most of the cases are treated
conservatively. Conservative treatment necessitates close follow up and if
fails, surgery becomes challenging. Here, we present a case with spontaneous
adrenal hemorrhage that was first taken to conservative treatment and undergone
emergency surgery.
COLIBRÍ MISSION: HOW TO BOOST THE MEXICAN SPACE INDUSTRY BY INVOLVING THE GENERAL PUBLIC INTO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SPACE PROGRAM
Authors: Rodríguez Daniela , Robles Sonia , Laguna Carlos
Published: September 2020

Colibrí Mission is one of the first space missions developed by undergraduate students in Mexico, which is designing and building a nanosatellite dedicated to scientific research on Earth’s Lower Atmosphere. In a country with a nascent space industry, it is important not only to manage and attract talented individuals capable of conducting scientific and technical research, but also to serve key audiences that can contribute to the Mission’s fundraising objectives and promote scientific and technological knowledge among Mexican society, in particular its youth. With limited access to government space funding, these outreach programs sustain important sponsor-seeking efforts to bring the Mission to life. Colibrí Mission seeks to make significantcontributions to the development of the space industry in Mexico. This paper presents an example of the implementation of transmedia in a space program’s communication strategy. The two main objectives -public outreach and fundraising- were achieved by generating brand awareness and managing key specificstakeholders. Adapting a public relations model and utilizing the methodology proposed by Colin Eden and Fran Ackermann (2010) to map stakeholders, Colibrí Mission’s strategy seeks to influence key stakeholders to better suit the Mission's needs and transmit the experience of what it means to belong to a Mexican spacemission. The implementation of the transmedia strategy resulted in: influencing key stakeholders by increasing their interest to help the team as two context setters moved to key player positions; gaining sponsors and alliesthat previously did not exist; and an increase in public outreach, brand recognition and followers on social media platforms.
PERKAWINAN CAMPUR ANTARA ETNIS BATAK-DAYAK DI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Bakara Lyudmita Karolina M. , Efriani Efriani , Susiana Susiana , Fransiska Meliya , Ririn Oktaviana Supriani
Published: September 2020

Intermarriage is a familiar phenomenon in Indonesia, mainly because of various cultures, religions, and ethnicities.The phenomenon of intermarriage also occurs between the Batak ethnic and Dayak ethnic groups in West Kalimantan.The cultures of these two ethnicities are very different. Thus, this study proposes to examine the pattern of decision making in determining marital customs and also determine the kinship system passed on to offspring those born from intermarriage these two ethnicities. The study was conducted with qualitative methods which were carried out descriptively. Data, which consists of information about the kinship system, the culture used in marriage, and also the kinship system that is passed on to offspring, was collected by interview and observation. From the data obtained, the culture of the Batak ethnic kinship system is very different from the Dayak ethnicity, so the marriage customs and the descendant system are also very different. Families who engage in mixed marriages, carry out a marriage process using one culture and be found those who use both cultures take turns. Forwarding the kinship system to offspring is generally dominated by the Batak ethnic kinship system.
PENGELOLAAN LUBUK LARANGAN DI SUNGAI KAMPAR
Authors: Yunus Mohd.
Published: September 2020

Various challenges have threatened the existence and sustainability of the lubuk larangan. Therefore, joint efforts and actions are needed to strengthen and ensure the sustainability of the lubuk larangan. Before the joint action can be realized, a study is needed that describes the current conditions of the management of the lubuk larangan. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the management of the lubuk larangan in the Kampar river. This study was carried out on October 2019 until January 2020. The location of the study was in Riau Province, namely in Kampar Regency and in West Sumatra Province, namely in Pasaman and Lima Puluh Kota Regency. Data collected includes primary data and secondary data. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The history of the formation of a lubuk larangan in general stems from the existence of a need in society to address interests. Most of the lubuk larangan bases located in West Sumatra are familiar with the zoning system, namely the distribution of prohibition bases into several zones according to their functions, including the core zone, buffer zone and utilization zone. Equipment used to catch fish is very simple such as fishing rods, nets, traps, shooting, and so forth. Lubuk larangan crops can then be sold back to the local community or migrants. Lubuk larangan maintenance activities that have been carried out include activities initiated by the relevant institution or initiated by the community itself. Lubuk larangan is supervised by a group formed through village / nagari deliberations, namely the community watch group (POKMASWAS) lubuk larangan.
PENGARUH DUKUNGAN SOSIAL KELUARGA TERHADAP PSIKOLOGIS WARGABINAAN PEMASYARAKATAN
Authors: Resyanta Elsafira Maghfiroti
Published: September 2020

Correctional Institution is a place to carry out a formation for prisoners and correctional students. Based on data from the Directorate General of Prisons (Ditjenpas) as of March 2020 the number of prisoners in prison Class II Cibinong reached 1,465 people not all come from Cibinong and surrounding areas but also not a few who come from outside. This has become one of the factors of development to get support from the family. This research raised the issue of how the influence of family social support on the psychological of prisoners? This study aims to determine the effect of family social support on the behavior of prisoners. This research was conducted in Prison Class II Cibinong. This research used a quantitative approach research method. This research was conducted on March 2020. The data were obtained using questionnaire filling techniques. The process of taking research samples used the technique of Simple Random Sampling, which was a sampling method in which each individual has the opportunity to become a sample in research. After that, the data was collected by using questionnaire distribution techniques that have been prepared with the answer format on a Likert scale, in-depth interviews, and literature studies to obtain correct and detailed data and information. The results of this study indicate that family social support influences the behavior of prisoners. Inmates who get social support from their families will be more positive and have a calmer psychological.
EKSISTENSI RITUAL MELAUT DI PUSARAN PAHAM KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Koodoh Erens Elvianus
Published: September 2020

Going to sea is a must for fishermen to survive. On the one hand, going to sea guarantees economic survival and income sustainability. But on the other hand, fishermen are also faced with uncertainty at sea, because at sea many unexpected things can happen that can be life threatening. This uncertainty in the sea brings fishermen to a basic human instinct, which is trying to survive by minimizing and anticipating bad things that might happen while at sea. Fishermen are aware of their weaknesses and have high hopes for the protection of the ruler of nature, the Almighty. From this awareness, the ritual begins, namely the ritual or worship of the Almighty so that in addition to avoiding reinforcements, fishermen also hope to get sufficient results or even more as a gift from the Almighty. Sea-related rituals are very common in coastal areas and small islands in Southeast Sulawesi. As time goes by, technological developments and the spread of religious understanding, some people consider the rituals carried out by fishermen to be shirk behavior that doubles God so that it must be eliminated and return to the purity of religious teachings. Interviews and field observations are methods used in obtaining data. The findings of this study indicate that with the increase in religious understandings that tend to be "tough" on the ritual traditions of the sea, there is a conflict between the understanding of the ingrained traditional practice and religious understanding which tends to reject the cultural practices of the local community. In the end, the fishermen slowly left the tradition. In practice, the tradition of going to sea is considered AS a form of shirk. Some people and also religious groups reject the existence of the ritual tradition of fishing.
Antifibrotics in COVID-19 Lung Disease: Let Us Stay Focused
Authors: Chaudhary Sachin , Natt Bhupinder , Bime Christian , Knox Kenneth S. , Glassberg Marilyn K.
Published: September 2020

After decades of research, two therapies for chronic fibrotic lung disease are now approved by the FDA, with dozens more anti-fibrotic therapies in the pipeline. A great deal of enthusiasm has been generated for the use of these drugs, which are by no means curative but clearly have a favorable impact on lung function decline over time. Amidst a flurry of newly developed and repurposed drugs to treat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its accompanying acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), few have emerged as effective. Historically, survivors of severe viral pneumonia and related acute lung injury with ARDS often have near full recovery of lung function. While the pathological findings of the lungs of patients with COVID-19 can be diverse, current reports have shown significant lung fibrosis predominantly in autopsy studies. There is growing enthusiasm to study anti-fibrotic therapy for inevitable lung fibrosis, and clinical trials are underway using currently FDA-approved anti-fibrotic therapies. Given the relatively favorable outcomes of survivors of virus-mediated ARDS and the low prevalence of clinically meaningful lung fibrosis in survivors, this perspective examines if there is a rationale for testing these repurposed antifibrotic agents in COVID-19-associated lung disease.
Analysis of Controlled Rabi Flopping in a Double Rephasing Photon Echo Scheme for Quantum Memories
Authors: Ullah Rahmat , Ham Byoung S.
Published: September 2020

A double rephasing scheme of a photon echo is analyzed for inversion-free photon echo-based quantum memories using controlled Rabi flopping, where the Rabi flopping is used for phase control of collective atom coherence. Unlike the rephasing-caused π-phase shift in a single rephasing scheme, the control Rabi flopping between the excited state and an auxiliary third state induces coherence inversion. Thus, the absorptive photon echo in a double rephasing scheme can be manipulated to be emissive. Here, we present a quantum coherence control of atom phases in a double rephasing photon echo scheme for emissive photon echoes for quantum memory applications.
An Equivalent Heat Transfer Model Instead of Wind Speed Measuring for Dynamic Thermal Rating of Transmission Lines
Authors: Liu Zhao , Deng Honglei , Peng Ruidong , Peng Xiangyang , Wang Rui , Zheng Wencheng , Wang Pengyu , Guo Deming , Liu Gang
Published: September 2020

With the increase in electricity demand, the ampacity calculation based on the dynamic thermal rating (DTR) technology is increasingly significant for assessing and improving the power transfer capacity of the existing overhead conductors. However, the DTR models now available present some inadequacies in measurement techniques related to wind speed. Therefore, it is essential to propose a new model instead of wind speed measuring in DTR technology. In this paper, the influence analysis of various weather parameters on the conductor ampacity is carried out by using the real weather data. Based on the analysis, it is confirmed that the impact of wind speed is significant, especially in the case of the low wind speed. Moreover, an equivalent heat transfer (EHT) model for DTR technology is proposed instead of wind speed measuring. For this EHT model, the calculation of conductor ampacity is realized through investigating the correlation of heat losses between the heating aluminum (Al) ball and conductor. Finally, combined with the finite element method (FEM), the EHT model proposed in this paper is verified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) standard. The results indicate that the error of the EHT model is less than 6% when employing the steady thermal behavior of the Al ball to calculate the ampacity. The EHT model is useful in the real-time thermal rating of overhead conductors. It can increase the utilization of overhead conductors while also avoiding the limitation of the existing measurement techniques related to wind speed.
Decision Making Support for Local Authorities Choosing the Method for Siting of In-City EV Charging Stations
Authors: Sierpiński Grzegorz , Staniek Marcin , Kłos Marcin Jacek
Published: September 2020

Development of electromobility in urban areas requires an appropriate level of vehicle charging infrastructure. Numerous methods for siting of charging stations have been developed to date, and they appear to be delivering diverse outcomes for the same area, which is why local authorities face the problem of choosing the right station layout. The solution proposed in this article is to use a travel planner to evaluate the distribution of charging stations over the area of a metropolis. The decision making support is achieved by determining optimal travel routes for electric vehicles according to their initial state of charge for the three selected station siting methods. The evaluation focused on the following three aspects: (1) number of travels that cannot be made (due to the lack of a charging station at a certain distance around the start point), (2) extension of the travel caused by the need to recharge the vehicle on-route, and (3) additional energy consumption by electric vehicles required to reach the charging station (necessity of departing from the optimal route). An analysis of the results has made it possible to determine a solution which is superior to others. For the case study analysed in the paper, i.e., the territory of the Metropolis of Upper Silesia and Dabrową Basin (Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia, GZM), the distribution of charging stations established in line with method I has returned the best results. What the method in question also makes possible is to indicate a safe minimum energy reserve to complete the travel by eliminating situations of unexpected vehicle immobilisation due to on-route energy depletion and by minimising the phenomenon referred to as range anxiety.
Optimization of the Thermal Insulation Level of Residential Buildings in the Almaty Region of Kazakhstan
Authors: Tukhtamisheva Ainur , Adilova Dinar , Banionis Karolis , Levinskytė Aurelija , Bliūdžius Raimondas
Published: September 2020

Kazakhstan is country rich in energy resources, but to raise the living standards of the country’s population, the government regulates prices of heating energy, which are significantly lower comparing to those in the global energy market. Such an approach encourages the construction of residential buildings without concern for their energy efficiency, which significantly increases energy consumption in the sector and leads to the increase of greenhouse gas emissions into the environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the impact of regulated low prices of heating energy on long-term energy use in buildings, to determine optimal levels of building thermal insulation at current energy prices and following global energy price trends, and to demonstrate the impact of more efficient building thermal insulation on heating energy consumption from a long-time perspective. The cost-optimal method used in EU countries was chosen for the optimization of building thermal insulation and energy consumption to compare the impact of energy prices on the optimal thermal insulation of buildings. The results of the study showed that maintaining low energy prices hinders the implementation of energy-efficient solutions in buildings and does not provide an economic justification for prolonging the heating season by ensuring the quality of the indoor microclimate. As a practical result of this study, a recommendation was made to introduce optimal thermal insulation requirements in building regulations and to redistribute part of the energy subsidies for implementation of energy-efficient measures in the residential building sector.
Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Heart Failure Self-Care Education on Health Outcomes of Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Son Youn-Jung , Choi JiYeon , Lee Hyeon-Ju
Published: September 2020

Poor self-care behaviors can lead to an increase in the risk of adverse health outcomes among patients with heart failure. Although a number of studies have investigated the effectiveness of nurse-led self-care education, the evidence regarding the effects of nurse-led intervention in heart failure remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate evidence on the effectiveness of nurse-led heart failure self-care education on health outcomes in patients with heart failure. To identify studies testing nurse-led education designed to improve self-care among heart failure patients, comprehensive search methods were used between January 2000 and October 2019 to systematically search six electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. All the eligible study data elements were independently assessed and analyzed using random-effects meta-analysis methods. Of 612 studies, eight articles were eligible for this study. Nurse-led heart failure self-care education significantly reduced the risk of all-cause readmission (risk ratio (RR) = 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.66–0.85), heart failure specific readmission (RR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.42–0.85), and all-cause mortality or readmission (RR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.61–0.82). However, nurse-led heart failure self-care education was not associated with improvements in the quality of life and heart failure knowledge. Studies on the effectiveness of nurse-led heart failure self-care education mostly report only the positive effects on patients’ health outcomes, whereas evidence of the effectiveness of the nurse-led approach is still limited. Therefore, high quality randomized controlled trials with detailed and explicit descriptions on the components of the interventions are needed.
Halogen-Bonded Guanine Base Pairs, Quartets and Ribbons
Authors: Thornton Nicholas J. , van Mourik Tanja
Published: September 2020

Halogen bonding is studied in different structures consisting of halogenated guanine DNA bases, including the Hoogsteen guanine–guanine base pair, two different types of guanine ribbons (R-I and R-II) consisting of two or three monomers, and guanine quartets. In the halogenated base pairs (except the Cl-base pair, which has a very non-planar structure with no halogen bonds) and R-I ribbons (except the At trimer), the potential N-X•••O interaction is sacrificed to optimise the N-X•••N halogen bond. In the At trimer, the astatines originally bonded to N1 in the halogen bond donating guanines have moved to the adjacent O6 atom, enabling O-At•••N, N-At•••O, and N-At•••At halogen bonds. The brominated and chlorinated R-II trimers contain two N-X•••N and two N-X•••O halogen bonds, whereas in the iodinated and astatinated trimers, one of the N-X•••N halogen bonds is lost. The corresponding R-II dimers keep the same halogen bond patterns. The G-quartets display a rich diversity of symmetries and halogen bond patterns, including N-X•••N, N-X•••O, N-X•••X, O-X•••X, and O-X•••O halogen bonds (the latter two facilitated by the transfer of halogens from N1 to O6). In general, halogenation decreases the stability of the structures. However, the stability increases with the increasing atomic number of the halogen, and the At-doped R-I trimer and the three most stable At-doped quartets are more stable than their hydrogenated counterparts. Significant deviations from linearity are found for some of the halogen bonds (with halogen bond angles around 150°).
Targeting Molecular Mechanism of Vascular Smooth Muscle Senescence Induced by Angiotensin II, A Potential Therapy via Senolytics and Senomorphics
Authors: Okuno Keisuke , Cicalese Stephanie , Elliott Katherine J. , Kawai Tatsuo , Hashimoto Tomoki , Eguchi Satoru
Published: September 2020

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prevalent issue in the global aging population. Premature vascular aging such as elevated arterial stiffness appears to be a major risk factor for CVD. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the essential parts of arterial pathology and prone to stress-induced senescence. The pervasiveness of senescent VSMCs in the vasculature increases with age and can be further expedited by various stressing events such as oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and chronic inflammation. Angiotensin II (AngII) can induce many of these responses in VSMCs and is thus considered a key regulator of VSMC senescence associated with CVD. Understanding the precise mechanisms and consequences of senescent cell accumulation may uncover a new generation of therapies including senolytic and senomorphic compounds against CVD. Accordingly, in this review article, we discuss potential molecular mechanisms of VSMC senescence such as those induced by AngII and the therapeutic manipulations of senescence to control age-related CVD and associated conditions such as by senolytic.
Smoking and COVID-19: Adding Fuel to the Flame
Authors: Kashyap Vivek K. , Dhasmana Anupam , Massey Andrew , Kotnala Sudhir , Zafar Nadeem , Jaggi Meena , Yallapu Murali M. , Chauhan Subhash C.
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, an infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has led to more than 771,000 deaths worldwide. Tobacco smoking is a major known risk factor for severe illness and even death from many respiratory infections. The effects of smoking on COVID-19 are currently controversial. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the effects of smoking on the clinical manifestations, disease progression, inflammatory responses, immunopathogenesis, racial ethnic disparities, and incidence of COVID-19. This review also documents future directions of smoking related research in COVID-19. The current epidemiological finding suggests that active smoking is associated with an increased severity of disease and death in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Smoking can upregulate the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor utilized by SARS-CoV-2 to enter the host cell and activate a ‘cytokine storm’ which can lead to worsen outcomes in COVID-19 patients. This receptor can also act as a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic sheds light on a legacy of inequalities regarding gender, racial, and ethnic health disparities associated with active smoking, thus, smoking cessation may help in improving outcomes. In addition, to flatten the COVID-19 curve, staying indoors, avoiding unnecessary social contact, and bolstering the immune defense system by maintaining a healthy diet/living are highly desirable.
Cannabidiol-Mediated Changes to the Phospholipid Profile of UVB-Irradiated Keratinocytes from Psoriatic Patients
Authors: Łuczaj Wojciech , Dobrzyńska Izabela , Wroński Adam , Domingues M Rosário , Domingues Pedro , Skrzydlewska Elżbieta
Published: September 2020

UVB phototherapy is treatment for psoriasis, which increases phospholipid oxidative modifications in the cell membrane of the skin. Therefore, we carried out lipidomic analysis on the keratinocytes of healthy individuals and patients with psoriasis irradiated with UVB and treated with cannabidiol (CBD), phytocannabinoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Our results showed that, in psoriatic keratinocytes phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), and ether-linked phosphoethanolamine (PEo), were downregulated, while SM (d41:2) was upregulated. These changes were accompanied by an increase in negative zeta potential, which indicates translocation of PS to the outer layer of the membrane. CBD treatment of psoriatic keratinocytes led to downregulation of PC, PS, and upregulation of certain PEo and an SM species, SM (d42:2), and the zeta potential. However, UVB irradiation of psoriatic keratinocytes resulted in upregulation of PC, PC plasmalogens (PCp), PEo, and a decrease in the negative zeta potential. The exposure of UVB-irradiated cells to CBD led to a decrease in the level of SM (d42:2). Our results suggest that CBD induces pro-apoptotic mechanisms in psoriatic keratinocytes while simultaneously improving the antioxidant properties and preventing the loss of transepidermal water of keratinocytes of patients irradiated with UVB. Thus, CBD has potential therapeutic value in the treatment of psoriasis.
Evaluation of Bonding Quality with Advanced Nondestructive Testing (NDT) and Data Fusion
Authors: Yilmaz Bengisu , Ba Abdoulaye , Jasiuniene Elena , Bui Huu-Kien , Berthiau Gérard
Published: September 2020

This work aims to compare quantitatively different nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques and data fusion features for the evaluation of adhesive bonding quality. Adhesively bonded composite-epoxy single-lap joints have been investigated with advanced ultrasonic nondestructive testing and induction thermography. Bonded structures with artificial debonding defects in three different case studies have been investigated: debonding with release film inclusion, debonding with brass film-large, debonding with brass film-small. After completing preprocessing of the data for data fusion, the feature matrices, depending on the interface reflection peak-to-peak amplitude and the principal component analysis, have been extracted from ultrasonic and thermography inspection results, respectively. The obtained feature matrices have been used as the source in basic (average, difference, weighted average, Hadamard product) and statistical (Dempster–Shafer rule of combination) data fusion algorithms. The defect detection performances of advanced nondestructive testing techniques, in addition to data fusion algorithms have been evaluated quantitatively by receiver operating characteristics. In conclusion, it is shown that data fusion can increase the detectability of artificial debonding in single-lap joints.
Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of a Foot-Ankle Exercise Program Aiming to Improve Foot-Ankle Functionality and Gait Biomechanics in People with Diabetic Neuropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Monteiro Renan L. , Ferreira Jane S.S.P. , Silva Érica Q. , Donini Asha , Cruvinel-Júnior Ronaldo H. , Verissímo Jady L. , Bus Sicco A. , Sacco Isabel C.N.
Published: September 2020

Foot-ankle strengthening and mobility exercises are part of international guideline recommendations for people at risk of diabetic foot disease. We examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week foot-ankle exercise program on clinical, functional and biomechanical outcomes in people with diabetic neuropathy (DPN). We randomly allocated 30 people with DPN to usual care (control) or usual care plus a supervised exercise program (intervention). For feasibility, we assessed recruitment rate and participant adherence and satisfaction. For program efficacy, we assessed baseline to 12-week changes in daily physical activity level, gait speed, tactile sensitivity, ankle range of motion, DPN symptoms, quality of life, foot health and functionality, foot strength and plantar pressure during gait, using paired t-tests (p < 0.05). In 52 weeks, we recruited 45 eligible participants (0.90/week). Program adherence was 80% and participants’ satisfaction had a mean (SD) of 4.57 (0.70) out of 5. The intervention group significantly improved on toes strength, contact time during gait and DPN symptoms, and peak forefoot pressures increased over time; controls showed significantly increased heel peak pressures and force. The exercise program was feasible, based on a moderate recruitment rate and an adherent and satisfied population, and the intervention showed several positive preliminary effects over time compared to usual care.
Image Enhancement of Computational Reconstruction in Diffraction Grating Imaging Using Multiple Parallax Image Arrays
Authors: Jang Jae-Young , Yoo Hoon
Published: September 2020

This paper describes an image enhancement method of computational reconstruction for 3-D images with multiple parallax image arrays in diffraction grating imaging. A 3-D imaging system via a diffraction grating provides a parallax image array (PIA) which is a set of perspective images of 3-D objects. The parallax images obtained from diffraction grating imaging are free from optical aberrations such as spherical aberrations that are always involved in the 3-D imaging via a lens array. The diffraction grating imaging system for 3-D imaging also can be made at a lower cost system than a camera array system. However, the parallax images suffer from the speckle noise due to a coherent source; also, the noise degrades image quality in 3-D imaging. To remedy this problem, we propose a 3-D computational reconstruction method based on multiple parallax image arrays which are acquired by moving a diffraction grating axially. The proposed method consists of a spatial filtering process for each PIA and an overlapping process. Additionally, we provide theoretical analyses through geometric and wave optics. Optical experiments are conducted to evaluate our method. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to the existing method in 3-D imaging using a diffraction grating.
Advancing Therapies for Cancer—From Mustard Gas to CAR T
Authors: Jarrell Dillon K , Drake Seth , Brown Mark A
Published: September 2020

The development of targeted therapeutics for cancer continues to receive intense research attention as laboratories and pharmaceutical companies seek to develop drugs and technologies that improve treatment efficacy and mitigate harmful side effects. In the aftermath of World War I, it was discovered that mustard gas destroys rapidly dividing cells and could be used to treat cancer. Since then, chemotherapy has remained a predominant treatment for cancer; however, the destruction of dividing cells throughout the body yields devastating side effects including off-target damage of the digestive tract, bone marrow, skin, and reproductive tract. Furthermore, the high mutation rate of cancerous cells often renders chemotherapy ineffective long-term. Therapies with improved specificity, localization, and efficacy are redefining cancer treatment. Herein, we define and summarize the principal advancements in targeted cancer treatment and briefly comment on the march towards personalized medicine in the treatment of human cancer.
High-Loaded Bioflocculation Membrane Reactor of Novel Structure for Organic Matter Recovery from Sewage: Effect of Dissolved Oxygen on Bioflocculation and Membrane Fouling
Authors: Wan Liguo , Xiong Ling , Zhang Lijun , Lu Wenxi
Published: September 2020

In this study, a new structure of high-load membrane bioreactor (HLB-MR) was used to treat urban sewage, and the effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) on biological flocculation and membrane pollution were researched. Parallel comparative experiments were used to investigate the concentration and recovery efficiency of organic matter, the bioflocculation effect, the content of extracellular polymer substance (EPS), the concentration of metal cations, membrane fouling status and microbial community structure in the reactors under the conditions of 1–2 and 6–8 mg/L. The flocculation efficiency of HLB-MR was 83% and 89% when DO was 1–2 and 6–8 mg/L, respectively. Under DO of 6–8 mg/L, the contents of bound and free EPS in the HLB-MR were 15.64 mg/gVSS and 8.71 mg/L, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those obtained when DO was 1–2 mg/L (11.83 mg/gVSS and 6.56 mg/L, respectively). Moreover, the concentrations of magnesium and aluminum in the concentrate of the HLB-MR were significantly higher when DO was 6–8 mg/L. Under higher DO concentration, there would be more EPS combined with metal cations, and thus fixed in the sludge substrate, the process of which promoted the bioflocculation. Changes in the transmembrane pressure (TMP) showed that the HLB-MR at a higher DO concentration suffered more serious membrane fouling. The species difference between the supernatant and precipitate was more significant under a higher DO concentration. The plankton species in the supernatant, e.g., norank_p__Saccharibacteria, norank_f__Neisseriaceae, and 12up, were likely to exacerbate membrane fouling. However, the species in the precipitate like Trichococcus, Ornithinibacter, and norank_f__Saprospiraceae may have a positive effect on bioflocculation.
Method and tools for determining heat transfer coefficients in organic liquids and solutions
Authors: MYAKOCHIN Aleksandr S. , NIKITIN Petr V. , POBEREZHSKIY Sergey Yu. , SHKURATENKO Anna A.
Published: September 2020

The paper presents a method, tools and a newly developed algorithm for experimentally determining heat transfer coefficients in organic liquids and solutions. This work is made relevant by the problem of development of a new generation of aerospace technology. In this connection, improvements have been made to the pulse method of determining heat transfer coefficients that is based on the use of a micron-thick film sensor. The measurement setup was modified. A math model was constructed for the measuring sensor. Algorithms were developed for conducting the experiment and processing measurement results to determine heat transfer coefficients. Experimental uncertainties were analyzed. The paper provides results of experimental studies on certain organic liquids. The authors believe that the material presented in the paper will find application in research conducted at research institutions, engineering offices and universities, among researches, postgraduates and students.
Key words: thermal and physical characteristics, organic liquids and their solutions, film-type electrical resistor, thin-film temperature sensor, voltage pulse, resistance thermometer, irregular heat transfer regime.