bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development of transformational leadership model based on caring as an effort to increase nursing performance
Authors: Patarru' Fitriyanti , Purwanza Sena Wahyu
Published: November 2023

Leadership plays a crucial role in formulating strategies to achieve an organization's mission, vision, and goals. It occupies a significant position in broader initiatives aimed at enhancing nurse performance. Implementing an unsuitable leadership style, as dictated by leaders to their employees, can adversely affect employee motivation, performance, and job satisfaction. The study aimed to develop a transformational leadership model based on the principle of caring to improve nurse performance. This study employed an explanatory design and involved 115 respondents selected through cluster sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires that had undergone both validity and reliability testing. The study examined variables such as personal factors, organizational factors, staff factors, work factors, transformational and caring leadership, and nurse performance. For data analysis, partial least squares were utilized with a significance threshold set at t>1.96. The research findings indicate that personal factors exert a positive influence on both transformational leadership and caring (t=5.677). Organizational factors also positively impact transformational leadership and caring (t=4.474), and staff factors exhibit a positive influence on these leadership styles as well (t=4.157). However, work factors do not directly impact transformational leadership and caring (t=0.554). Notably, both transformational and caring leadership styles positively affect nurse performance (t=7.755). The development of a transformational leadership model based on caring is influenced by multiple factors, including personal, organizational, and staff factors. Implementing this leadership model can significantly improve nurses' performance, thereby leading to enhancements in the quality of health services provided in hospitals.
Acute Care Interprofessional Event Improved Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Athletic Training and Nurse Practitioner Students
Authors: Doud Victoria , Allesee Taylor , Dikanda Muteba , Mangum L. Colby , Gual Carlos J.
Published: November 2023

Objective

In this study, we sought to assess the changes in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of athletic training program (ATP) and nurse practitioner (NP) graduate students before and after an acute care interprofessional education (IPE) workshop.

Design and Setting

This was a descriptive KAP survey to be taken by participants before and after the IPE event. This survey was administered using a QR code that participants scanned. The study occurred at the University of Central Florida College of Nursing before and after acute care skills were taught and practiced by each program’s students.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 35 students from a professional master’s ATP and an adult gerontology acute care NP program were present at the workshop. Thirty-two students took the preworkshop survey, while 30 students completed the postworkshop survey.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

In this study, we aimed to measure the change in perceptions about the knowledge, skills, teaching, and IPE understanding of each respective program after the educational workshop. Surveys were distributed before the IPE workshop and then again after the workshop concluded. The survey responses were scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Scores for each section were averaged, and statistical analysis was done using repeated measures analyses of variance for total and subsection scores for both programs.

Results

A significant increase was found for each group in IPE understanding, knowledge, skills, and teaching scoring (P < .05) with moderate to large effect sizes.

Conclusions

Participating in this acute care IPE workshop showed significant increases in perceptions of the KAP among ATP and NP students.
Pelatihan Strategi Pemasaran di Era Digital pada UMKM Binaan Kelurahan Sungai Keledang Kecamatan Samarinda Seberang
Authors: Kalangit Della O.C. , Kusrihandayani Dyah , Satryawati
Published: November 2023

Beberapa kendala yang biasanya ditemui dalam pemasaran usaha kecil yaitu tidak terdeteksinya produk-produk unggulan dari kelompok UMKM binaan keluarahan Sungai Keledang dan kurangnya pemanfaatan teknologi berbasis website pada proses promosi dan periklanan produk. Hal ini disebabkan banyak pengusaha-pengusaha kecil yang tidak terlalu memperhatikan aspek-aspek pemasaran serta kurang melakukan perencanaan dalam pemasaran tersebut, sehingga pemasaran tidak memberikan hasil yang baik dan target pasar yang terlalu lebar. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan untuk membuka wawasan strategi digital marketing agar dapat menarik minat pelanggan secara online melalui media sosial, situs website. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan semangat dan antusias peserta menerima pengetahuan baru, serta menemukan solusi untuk mengatasi masalah mereka hadapi selama ini dan menjadi kendala dalam pertumbuhan dan pengembangan usaha, terutama terkait dengan strategi pemasaran. Kegiatan Pelatihan ini cukup bermanfaat karena merupakan kebutuhan masyarakat untuk mendapatkan ilmu pengetahuan dan ketetrampilan dalam rangka meningkatkan semangat kerja untuk pertumbuhan dan mengembangkan usaha mereka.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pendidikan Anak-Anak melalui KKN Mengajar
Authors: Bleedo Septiadi , Wahidah Yuni , Garnasih Inggit
Published: November 2023

Education is an effort to increase human resources to create an advanced and competitive nation. We can measure the level of education in Indonesia as still lacking or not yet optimal. Millions of children in remote areas are still unable to access education. To deal with this problem, there needs to be strong regulations from the government to provide justice to all Indonesian people to get the same education between the rich and the poor, between the rich and the poor. The background to the preparation of this work program was students' concern for children who are still in PAUD, Kindergarten or Elementary School. Considering that nowadays, most children tend to watch cellphones more often than study. It could be said that children learn only during school hours. Learning in Kindergarten cannot be separated from the introduction of letters and numbers. Introducing letters and numbers is the most basic lesson taught by an educator. Knowing letters and numbers is very important for children, because it can stimulate children's ability to learn to read and count. "Learning as a child is like carving on stone and learning as an adult is like writing on water."
Number of Neurologists and Neurology Training Programs available in the Public Health System of Ecuador: Analysis and Recommendation.
Authors: Moreno-Zambrano Daniel , Wong-Ayoub Joffre A. , Arevalo-Mora Martha , San Andrés-Suárez Iliana , Santana David , Meza-Venegas Joyce , Urquizo-Rodríguez Eric , Jimenez-Zambrano Joyce , Garcia-Santibanez Rocio
Published: November 2023

Introducción: En el 2008, el perfil de salud neurológico ecuatoriano presentaba importantes déficits, escasez de neurólogos e inaccesibilidad a residencias en neurología. Ese año una nueva constitución introdujo atención médica universal. Ninguna publicación ha analizado la capacidad de atención neurológica del Sistema de Salud Pública (SSP) del Ecuador. Un análisis actualizado del número de neurólogos y residencias neurológicas es necesario. Objetivo: Determinar el número de programas en neurología y si el SSP ecuatoriano cumple con el ratio ideal mínimo recomendado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud de 1 neurólogo por cada 100.000 habitantes. Métodos: Análisis transversal de datos hasta noviembre, 2022 del SSP y del Consejo de Educación Superior del Ecuador. Los ratio se calcularon acorde al Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos. Resultados: El SSP cuenta con noventa y cuatro neurólogos. Mayormente en Pichincha (37/39,4%) y Guayas (24/25,5%). Hay uno por provincia en cinco provincias; ninguno en ocho provincias. Dos provincias cumplieron el ratio ideal. Existen 0,54:100.000 neurólogos/habitantes y una residencia de neurolog ía en Quito. Conclusión: El SSP ecuatoriano tiene escasez de neurólogos, incumpliendo el ratio ideal mínimo, y déficit de residencias en neurología. La descentralización de servicios neurológicos, soporte atención primaria, y financiamiento gubernamental para creación de residencias en neurología son necesidades urgentes.
Intervenciones Cognitivas, Emocionales y Educativas Para Niños en Primera Infancia. Revisión Sistemática.
Authors: Pardo-Patiño Karen Vanessa , Cuervo Leidy Carolina , Villanueva-Bonilla Cristian
Published: November 2023

Introducción. Es indispensable implementar procesos de intervención durante la primera infancia para el reconocimiento, gestión y manejo de las emociones. Esta etapa del desarrollo es la base para el aprendizaje y la adquisición de habilidades cognitivas, comportamentales y sociales. Objetivo. Evaluar la calidad de las intervenciones desde los aspectos cognitivos, emocionales y comportamentales en la primera infancia, que permitan orientar programas educativos para el desarrollo y fortalecimiento de la inteligencia emocional. Método. Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos digitales: Scopus, ScienceDirect, APA PsycNET, ProQuest, Web of Science y Pubmed entre enero de 2013 y agosto de 2022. Resultados. Se identificaron 165 artículos en las bases de datos mencionadas, resultando 26 artículos después de emplear los diferentes filtros de selección y criterios de inclusión. Se identificaron intervenciones centradas en la familia (14 intervenciones), la escuela (7 intervenciones) y los niños (4 intervenciones). Discusión. Se destaca el interés en el desarrollo de programas de intervención para niños en primera infancia con estándares de calidad a nivel investigativo (ensayos clínicos, muestras amplias, control de sesgos) y con resultados positivos que develan la importancia de realizar un acompañamiento adecuado en dicha etapa del desarrollo.
Estimation of Efficiency and the Effect of Access to Finance on Efficiency of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES) in the Western area of Sierra Leone
Authors: Pearce Richard E.O , Bah Abdullah
Published: November 2023

Abstract

To estimate the efficiency of SMEs and the effect of access to finance on the efficiency of SMEs the study adopted the stochastic frontier estimation method of determining efficiency of firms. A model of maximum performance (capacity) was estimated using 450 SMEs randomly selected from the population of registered SMEs in the Western Area of Sierra Leone from 2018 to 2020. The model of net business earnings was estimated using the Maximum Likelihood procedure and the firm efficiencies were consequently estimated. The mean inefficiencies are estimated by various categories, including SMEs access to bank credit to determine firm characteristics that are associated with higher mean efficiencies. The empirical results reveal that the potential of firms is determined positively by capital productivity and labour productivity and negatively by experience of firms, the latter results suggesting that more experience (in terms of age) does not push their production outwards but inwards. However, other factors are found significant in efficiency differences among firms. These are: gender of the head of the SME, educational level, professional training of the firm heads, sector of operation and the area of operation.

JEL classification numbers: F14, F18, G14, G21.
Keywords: Efficiency, Finance, Small and Medium Enterprises.
Água ozonizada em sistema com microbolha na qualidade microbiológica e físico-química de alface
Authors:   , Silva Marcia Joaquim da
Published: November 2023

A ozonização tem sido estudada na conservação de produtos agrícolas. O ozônio pode ser aplicado na forma gasosa ou como água ozonizada. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a qualidade microbiológica e físico-química da alface tratada com água ozonizada obtida em sistema com microbolhas durante o armazenamento. O trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas. A primeira etapa correspondeu ao experimento 1, composto por quatro tratamentos: tratamento controle (alface não tratada); exposição ao ozônio por 5 min; exposição do oxigênio por 5 min; e exposição ao sanitizante comercial clorin por 15 min. No Experimento 1, o processo de ozonização da água no sistema de microbolhas e o tratamento das amostras de alface ocorreram simultaneamente. O experimento 2 correspondeu a segunda etapa do trabalho e foi constituído por seis tratamentos: tratamento controle (alface não tratada); exposição ao ozônio por 5 min; exposição ao ozônio por 10 min; exposição ao oxigênio por 5 min; exposição ao oxigênio por 10 min; e exposição ao sanitizante comercial clorin por 15 min. No experimento 2, obteve-se primeiramente a água ozonizada. Em seguida, efetuou-se a imersão das amostras de alface na água ozonizada. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. As análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas foram realizadas imediatamente após a ozonização (dia 0) e depois de 3 e 6 dias de armazenamento. Foram analisadas a perda de massa fresca, o teor de sólidos solúveis totais, o pH, a acidez total titulável, a cor, o teor de clorofila e extravasamento de eletrólitos. Depois dos tratamentos, a alfaces foram armazenadas a 5 °C e umidade relativa de 80%. No experimento 1, apesar de ter sido verificada redução na contagem de mesófilos aeróbios, especialmente imediatamente depois da ozonização, verificou-se alteração expressiva da cor da alface, o que afeta a comercialização do produto. No Experimento 2, verificou-se redução expressiva da carga microbiana nas amostras de alface, com alterações na cor minimizadas. Apesar do aumento expressivo do extravasamento de eletrólitos, principalmente quando se adotou tempo de exposição à água ozonizada de 10 min, considerou-se que as condições adotadas no Experimento 2 favorecem a conservação da alface, sem provocar alterações que tornam o produto não comercializável. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo permitem concluir que é viável utilizar água ozonizada obtida em sistema com microbolhas na conservação de alface. Entretanto, é adequado obter primeiramente a água ozonizada e, em seguida, efetuar a imersão do produto. Palavras-chave: Ozônio. Lactuca sativa L. Controle de microrganismos. Armazenamento.
Impacto econômico pela exposição ao mofo habitacional nos casos de asma no Brasil
Authors: Castelã Nascimento Eduardo , Carlos Ribeiro Wesllay
Published: November 2023

Introdução: A asma é uma das doenças não comunicáveis mais comuns no mundo. No Brasil, no ano de 2019, ela foi responsável por aproximadamente 79,9 mil internações somente nos sistemas de saúde pública e com­plementar. O mofo residencial é um fator de risco reconhecido na prevalência de asma. Objetivos: Analisar a parcela atribuível à exposição a mofo e/ou umidade residencial nos casos de asma e seus custos diretos e indiretos no Brasil. Métodos: Foi estimada a prevalência da asma e da exposição a mofo/umidade residencial no Brasil em diferentes períodos usando dados de várias fontes. Em seguida, analisou os custos de internações no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil. Calculou-se a fração atribuível à exposição a mofo/umidade residencial nos casos e custos de asma no país, utilizando o Teorema de Bayes. Resultados: Os dados da pesquisa revelam que os custos diretos com asma atribuíveis à exposição a mofo e/ou umidade residenciais em 2019 foram de R$ 54,8 milhões e, se somados aos custos indiretos, R$ 109,9 milhões, considerando somente os dados das redes pública e complementar do sistema de saúde brasileiro. Ainda foi possível analisar que 2,4 milhões de casos de asma no Brasil podem ser atribuídos à exposição a mofo e/ou umidade habitacional. Conclusão: O provimento de habitação adequada sem o fator de exposição para populações vulneráveis tem o potencial de reduzir os custos diretos e indiretos no sistema de saúde e, além disso, propiciar melhoria na qualidade de vida de aproximadamente 2,4 milhões de pacientes asmáticos no país.
Índice de massa corporal associado a alterações cardíacas em indivíduos da região norte de Mato Grosso
Authors: Cavasin Andreato Camilla , Ferreira Bastida Francieli , Jonas Rauber Bruno , Nascimento André Ferreira , De Azevedo Melo Luvizotto Nascimento Renata
Published: November 2023

Introdução: O excesso de peso é um importante fator de risco para disfunção cardíaca. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre o índice de massa corporal e as alterações estruturais e funcionais do coração em uma amostra de indivíduos da região norte de Mato Grosso. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal em uma amostra por conveniência (n=97) de indivíduos adultos, brasileiros, acima de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos em uma clínica cardiológica na cidade de Sinop/MT. Os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos, sendo: eutrofia (IMC= 18,5 a 24,9 kg/m²; n=23), sobrepeso (IMC= 25,0 a 29,9 kg/m²; n=34) e obesidade (IMC≥ 30 kg/ m², n=40). As variáveis ecocardiográficas foram comparadas entre os três grupos. O grau de correlação linear (variáveis quantitativas) e de independência (variáveis qualitativas) foi determinado. O nível de confiança foi de 95%. Resultados: O excesso de peso, em especial a obesidade, foi associado à remodelação do coração e disfunção diastólica; em adição, o grupo obeso também demonstrou maiores valores de idade e pressão arterial sistólica. Todos os grupos apresentaram índices adequados de fração de ejeção. O grau de correlação linear foi significativamente positivo entre o IMC e os indicadores ecocardiográficos da morfologia cardíaca, no entanto, negativo com alguns marcadores da função diastólica. Conclusão: O excesso de peso, em especial a obesidade, foi associado à remodelação do coração e disfunção diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo, as quais variam de acordo com o IMC.
Relato de casos de Escleredema de Buschke associados à gamopatia monoclonal e à diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Calegari Oliosi Alexandre , Martins Diniz Lucia , Neves Souza Emilly , Amaral de Moura Luana , Scárdua Sabbagh de Azevedo Marcela
Published: November 2023

Introdução: Escleredema de Buschke (EB) é condição rara caracterizada pelo espessamento e endurecimento da pele, afetando principalmente pescoço, ombros e parte superior das costas. É associada a diabetes mellitus, gamopatia monoclonais, infecções e outras coisas. Pode causar restrição de movimento e desconforto nos pa­cientes. O diagnóstico pode ser desafiador, sendo o prognóstico associado ao diagnóstico precoce. Relato dos casos: Relatam-se dois casos de EB associados à gamopatia monoclonal e à diabetes mellitus, evidenciando sua relação com diversas etiologias. Conclusão: Os casos relatados receberam o diagnóstico de EB, sendo o Caso 1 de paciente diabética com gamopatia monoclonal, configurando-a como subtipo 2, e o Caso 2 relacio­nado ao mau controle glicêmico no contexto da diabetes mellitus tipo 2, classificado como subtipo 3. Ambos estão em tratamento de curso variável, apresentando momentos de melhora, estabilização do quadro e piora.
Ampliando fronteiras em Saúde: capacitação em suporte básico de vida para todos
Authors: Gonçalves Henriques Allan , Smith Sobral Vieira Gabriel , Anhoque Carolina Fiorin , Freitas Curi Erick
Published: November 2023

Editorial
Een blik vooruit: casusbespreking van functionele oscillopsie bij een adolescente
Authors: Devloo K. , Toelen J. , Cassiman C. , Danckaerts M. , Van Roie E.
Published: November 2023

Looking ahead: case report of functional oscillopsia in an adolescent

A conversion disorder or functional neurological disorder (FND) is a rare condition with disturbances in voluntary body functions, sensory or motor, unexplained by any known somatic condition.

This case report describes intermittent horizontal oscillopsia with normal neuro-ophthalmic findings in a 14-year-old girl. ‘Oscillopsia’ refers to the perception of unstable vision, i.e. an oscillating image. This is usually caused by a newly acquired eye movement disorder type nystagmus, ocular flutter or myokymia. Clinical examination showed positive symptoms of a conversion disorder.

During a pediatric admission with multidisciplinary assessment, the diagnosis of FND was made. A multidisciplinary treatment plan was established, starting with psychoeducation about the diagnosis to arrive at a shared perspective of disease theory.

This article aims to demonstrate the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnostic phase of particular symptom presentations with attention to a functional mechanism. This approach contributes to a more rapid and integrated conclusion and reduces the likelihood of an exclusionary diagnosis. The authors provide some examples for communicating with patients, as this is crucial to achieve shared meaning.
Strategi Pemasaran Multi Level Marketing Oriflame di Sragen Jawa Tengah
Authors: Dewi Kumaratih Kumaratungga , Ahmada Mikail Makmur , Puspita Della Ayu
Published: November 2023

Bisnis Multi Level Marketing menjadi alternatif usaha seperti Oriflame. Manajemen perusahaan sangat dibutuhkan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor tersebut. Namun untuk bersaing di tingkat internasional, pemasaran harus memiliki keunikan tersendiri bagi perusahaan. Setiap perusahaan pasti memiliki strategi agar produknya laku di pasaran. Namun, tidak hanya laku tetapi habis terjual, setiap perusahaan memiliki target penjualan setiap bulan, sehingga atau bahkan sebelum satu bulan berakhir beberapa produk yang dijulkan sudah sold out atau habis terjual. Maka dari itu, Perusahaan Oriflame memiliki strategi tersendiri dalam pemasaran yaitu menentukan metode pemasaran, menentukan segementasi dan target pemasaran
REABILITAÇÃO ESTÉTICA COM PRÓTESE PARCIAL FIXA: RELATO DE CASO CLÍNICO
Authors: Rossa Montanari Marcelo , Ceccato Alan José , Cortina Bellan Maria , Mattei Deconti Morgana , Conde Alexandre , Bozzeti Pigozzi Lucas , Paulus Marília
Published: November 2023

O aumento da expectativa de vida e melhora nas condições bucais têm gerado grandes mudanças quando se trata de reabilitação com prótese dentária. Este trabalho trata-se de um relato de caso clínico realizado na Clínica de Odontologia do Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha – FSG - Caxias do Sul, partindo do diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento de paciente do sexo masculino com necessidade de reabilitação protética com Prótese Parcial Fixa. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em considerar as alternativas mais comuns de reabilitação com prótese parcial fixa, devolvendo estética, função mastigatória e saúde aos pacientes parcialmente edentulos.
A proposta habermasiana de fundamentação
Authors: RAUBER JAIME JOSE
Published: November 2023

este texto, destaca-se a teoria ética de Habermas, centrada na racionalidade comunicativa e argumentativa. Habermas propõe uma fundamentação ética baseada na linguagem e na interação social. Sua abordagem busca superar as limitações da ética tradicional e das teorias utilitaristas e deontológicas. A ética do discurso de Habermas enfatiza a importância do diálogo e do consenso na tomada de decisões éticas. A ação comunicativa ocorre quando os participantes buscam entender uns aos outros e alcançar um consenso baseado na força do melhor argumento. Em contraste, a ação estratégica envolve a busca de interesses pessoais e a manipulação. A ética do discurso promove a ideia de que a moralidade deve ser construída através do diálogo e do discurso racional, em oposição à imposição de normas externas. Essa abordagem ética de Habermas tem sido amplamente discutida e influente no campo da filosofia moral e continua a desempenhar um papel significativo na reflexão sobre questões éticas contemporâneas.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ОБОРОТА ПЕРСОНАЛЬНЫХ ДАННЫХ В СЕТИ ИНТЕРНЕТ
Authors: Е. Е. Ерболатов
Published: November 2023

"В представленной научной статье, рассматриваются особенности правового регулирования оборота персональных данных в сети интернет. Особое внимание уделено проблемам обеспечения конфиденциальности оборота персональных данных в интернете. Обосновывается, что, несмотря на то, что для сбора и обработки персональных данных, требуется получения согласия субъекта, которое он добровольно предоставляет оператору, то в силу масштабного распространения сети Интернет, вероятность скрытного сбора и использования таких данных возрастает. Обусловлено это техническими возможностями информационно-телекоммуникационной сети Интернет, наделяющей операторов получать данные персонального характера, не информируя об этом самого субъекта. Происходит развитие информационного общества, внедряются новшества в данной сфере. С помощью сети Интернет происходит обмен информацией между физическими, юридическими лицами и внешним миром, которое не нуждается в больших финансовых вложений. Сеть Интернет в обмене информации выступает как основной инструмент. При этом, информация фигурирующая в сети, может относиться к конфиденциальной. Особое внимание следует уделять вопросу восприятия сети Интернет с юридической точки зрения как объекта права. Проведен анализ статистических данных и исследований в этой сфере. Ключевые слова: интернет, персональные данные, право на частую жизнь, конфиденциальность, информационное общество. "
Results from the evaluation of colorectal cancer screening in the Czech Republic
Authors: Ondřej Ngo , Renata Chloupková , Štěpán Suchánek , Monika Ambrožová , Kateřina Hejcmanová , Petr Dvořák , Miroslav Zavoral , Karel Hejduk , Ladislav Dušek , Ondřej Májek
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Colorectal cancer screening, which was introduced in the Czech Republic in 2000, plays an important role in reducing the population burden. It is necessary to continuously evaluate the organised population-based program and introduce necessary adjustments to ensure its high effectiveness, which in the long term leads to a reduction in the incidence and mortality of the disease. The aim of this article is to summarise and discuss the key results of the evaluation of the National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program based on available national data. Material and methods: The evaluation used the registries of the National Health Information System, the Registry of Preventive Colonoscopies, and data on population demographics managed by the Czech Statistical Office. The analysis was carried out on available data up to 2021. Basic indicators were calculated in accordance with international recommendations, which were adapted for the Czech environment. Results: A number of performance indicators for colorectal screening demonstrate the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. Coverage of the target population by screening has stabilised at around 30% before the pandemic. Considering a three-year interval, the full coverage of the target population by screening reaches around 50%. Participation rates for follow-up colonoscopy after a positive faecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening ranged between 60 and 70% over time. FOBT screening positivity increased in the recent years up to 10%, which is reflected in the increase in the average waiting time for follow-up FOBT+ colonoscopy. Despite the identified limitations of the screening program, there has been a clear long-term decline in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Conclusion: The comprehensive screening information system enables the evaluation of colorectal screening. The evaluated indicators show that despite the positive impact of the screening program on the population burden, it still has its opportunities for improvement, and therefore it is essential to continue its monitoring in order to improve the quality of the whole program. Keywords colonoscopy, colorectal neoplasms, mass screening, occult blood, program evaluation, performance indicators, registries
Urolithiasis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease – possibilities of prevention and metabolic influence
Authors: Teplan Vladimír , Netušil Radek , Lukáš Milan
Published: November 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are typically accompanied by diarrhoea and frequently by malabsorption, both of which are predisposing factors for the formation of renal calculi. In patients who have not undergone bowel surgery the prevalence of urolithiasis has ranged from 1.5 to 5%, but after surgery, stone prevalence can increase to up to 16%. Enteric hyperoxaluria is a frequent complication of inflammatory bowel diseases after ileal-coecal resection, ileostomy, colostomy resection and bariatric surgery. The excess of oxalate is primarily excreted by the kidneys. Increased urinary excretion of oxalate results in urinary calcium oxalate supersaturation, leading to crystal aggregation, urolithiasis, and/or nephrocalcinosis. Prevention of oxalate lithiasis includes high fluid intake, nutritionally balanced low-oxalate, low-fat, low-salt diet, prescription of oral citrate and magnesium, calcium supplement, and also biological manipulation of intestinal flora (microbiota). In IBD patients, urolithiasis can be associated with serious urinary tract infection – in some cases asymptomatic – which can lead to chronic renal insufficiency and failure. New therapeutic approaches to patients with inflammatory bowel diseases have completely changed the natural history of these diseases with reduced number of bowel surgery. Whether this has changed the prevalence and risk factors for urinary calculi in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases is still unknown.
The crime of perjury in the legislation of the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Juras Damir
Published: November 2023

Objective: The paper aims to provide a description and analysis of perjury in the legislation of the Republic of Croatia, the standpoints of legal theory, and perjury charges and prosecution in practice.Methods: This paper presents an analysis of legal provisions concerning the crime of perjury in Croatia, statistical data on perjury charges and conviction rates, perspectives of other authors, and relevant judicial practice.Results: The legislator has established criminal liability for perjury on the part of any witness, expert, translator, or interpreter who provides false testimony in a procedure. On the other hand, parties other than the defendant are liable for perjury if the final decision in the procedure was based on their false testimony. Legal theory and judicial practice agree that the crime is committed as soon as the person has finished testifying, that a prescribed format should be observed when testifying, that perjury may also be committed by withholding a decisive fact, as well as that in general, a retrial of a proceeding in which the perjury allegedly occurred is permissible only if based on a final judgment against the perjurer. An exceedingly large percentage of suspended sentences may fail to advance either general or specific deterrence. Regarding the contentious issue of necessary conditions for initiating perjury proceedings, the author argues that the conditions are met immediately upon providing false testimony.Conclusion: The legislator has criminalized perjury because providing false testimony constitutes a willful and intentional obstruction of the process of proving facts in issue in proceedings before competent authorities. The judicial sentencing policy is not consistent regarding the application of prescribed punishment. By stipulating criminal liability of a party only if their testimony was instrumental for the judgment, the party unjustifiably enjoys a more favorable position in relation to witnesses, experts, interpreters, and translators.
Spiritual Development in Adulthood and Later Life from the Perspective of Psychology and Religious Studies
Authors: Kosasih Engkos , Hermawan Ruswandi
Published: November 2023

Spiritual development occurs in two significant phases in human life, namely adulthood and later life. The interdisciplinary approach used to examine this combines the perspectives of psychology and religious studies to understand the complex dynamics involved in an individual’s religious journey. Spiritual development is a highly personal and variable phenomenon, influenced by various factors such as personal experiences, culture, and environmental changes. The reference sources reviewed and analyzed by the author were obtained from various sources, including reference books and research published in journals. The assessment is limited to the integration of the perspectives of psychology and religious studies in a comprehensive analysis of spiritual development in two phases of life, namely adulthood and later life. The integration of psychology and religious studies perspectives holds significant importance in understanding spiritual development. The results of the research conducted by Yuhaniah (2022) indicate that the relationship between the spiritual dimension and religion in the context of the relationship between religious belief and psychological well-being is based on how an individual adopts an attitude of surrender to a divine entity with extraordinary power. This attitude of surrender and devotion can result in a positive and optimistic outlook in individuals, subsequently fostering positive feelings towards God.
The relationship between level of procalcitonin and mortality in patients who have been followed for solid organ malignancy with febrile neutropenia
Authors: Yeşil Bayram , Yıldız Mustafa
Published: November 2023

Aims: Previous studies have demonstrated that certain laboratory indicators play a crucial role in the identification of infections and prognosis assessment in individuals afflicted with febrile neutropenia. The concentration of procalcitonin exhibits an elevation in the presence of bacterial and fungal infections, while remaining unaltered in the context of viral illnesses. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of procalcitonin as a diagnostic tool for detecting infection and predicting prognosis in patients with febrile neutropenia.
Methods: The present investigation involved a retrospective analysis conducted at a single center, focusing on a cohort of 61 patients who received treatment for febrile neutropenia. The study encompassed the analysis of patients' age, gender, current circumstances, and laboratory test results. Procalcitonin levels were evaluated in first day of hospitalization.
Results: The age range of the patients in the study varied from 18 to 84 years, with a median age of 58. Out of the whole sample, 29 individuals (47.5%) were female, while 32 individuals (52.5%) were male. Out of the total sample size, 27 patients (44.2%) were diagnosed with lung cancer, 13 patients (21.3%) were diagnosed with breast cancer, and 4 patients (14%) were diagnosed with testicular cancer. Out of the total patient population, 24 individuals exhibited microbiologically confirmed infections, while 9 patients presented with clinically characterized infections. Out of the total number of cases, 10 cases, accounting for 16.3% of the sample, led to fatality. The median procalcitonin values were 1.5 ng/ml in patients diagnosed with microbiologically confirmed infection and 0.6 ng/ml in those diagnosed with clinically suspected infection. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the median procalcitonin value among individuals with fever of unknown origin was found to be 0.6 ng/ml, with statistical significance indicated by a p-value of less than 0.001. The median procalcitonin level was found to be 17.70 ng/ml in instances resulting in mortality, whereas it was 0.56 ng/ml in cases without mortality (p<0.001).
Conclusion: We determined that procalcitonin must be routinely used in order to show enfection and mortality in patients with febrile neutropenia. Because procalcitonin is a sufficient and appropriate examination to show infection and mortality so it can be beneficial to decide treatment method, and hospitalization. Procalcitonin may also be more useful in predicting the prognosis of patients with febrile neutropenia.
Nazionalismo catalano e riscrittura della storia. Un’intervista a Jordi Canal
Authors: Lenzi Jacopo
Published: November 2023

In an interview with Jordi Canal, professor of Contemporary History and expert on Spanish nationalism, the topic of the rewriting of history for political purposes by members of the Catalan nationalist movement is addressed. Canal addresses issues that animate political and intellectual debate in contemporary Spain in relation to the independence aspirations of a section of Catalan public opinion. Canal’s studies on Catalan nationalism exemplify the ideological drive to set regional history as a “destiny of independence.”
A (New) Spectre Is Haunting Europe: National Memory
Authors: Vallerani Massimo
Published: November 2023

History is under attack, all over the world, for both the political and propagandistic uses of the past – which increasingly frame the actions of autocratic governments – and for the bans on writing, studying, teaching subjects that may be regarded as offensive to the memory of one country or even a threat to its national unity. These two perspectives are closely linked, because it is precisely in those countries where history, or rather an idealised or politically-oriented image of the past, is employed with greater ideological zeal that it is more difficult to write history without repressive state intervention. The examples are many: prison sentences for those who tackle certain topics, state censorship of school curricula, inaccessible archives, destroyed documents, marginalisation of disobedient officials, coercive rewriting of the past. It has become increasingly difficult to maintain the vital link between historical research, dissemination of results and teaching, to the detriment of an official history increasingly bent to the ideological pretensions of governments to create unitary histories in homage to a distorted idea of national prestige.
UMA ANÁLISE DA CIENTIFICIDADE DA TEORIA SOCIAL CRÍTICA DO GEÓGRAFO MARXISTA DAVID HARVEY
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Mariza , Lopes Diniz Filho Luis , Silvestre de Albuquerque Edu
Published: November 2023

O texto apresenta os principais fundamentos teóricos do geógrafo crítico marxista David Harvey, que influenciou gerações de geógrafos pelo mundo desde a década de 1960. O objetivo é analisar a cientificidade da teoria social crítica, bem como fazer uma análise epistemológica das teorias econômicas elaboradas por esse geógrafo. As análises geográficas assentadas na filosofia da dialética histórica e materialista de David Harvey convergem para uma teoria crítica do capitalismo e da revolução social. Vale notar, que mesmo em suas obras consideradas próximas ao pensamento pós-modernista e à teoria da regulação, os pressupostos da determinação da infraestrutura econômica e da visão da luta de classes como motor da história, nunca foram abandonados. Em sua concepção, as contradições do capital devem ser explicadas porque são universais e perpassam as demais contradições sociais. De modo que é possível afirmar que em David Harvey, marxismo e pós-modernismo convergem enquanto campos analíticos da teoria social crítica e fazem parte do sistema crítico-filosófico da ciência racionalista moderna. Por essa razão, é possível questionar a cientificidade da geografia proposta por Harvey à luz do critério de falseabilidade e com base na análise do contexto de justificação tal como proposta por Karl Popper.

                                                                                        

Palavras-chave: Teoria Social Crítica; Paradigmas Científicos; Filosofia da Ciência.
Ein polnischer Minorit als kaiserlicher Gesandtschaftspriester in Stockholm
Authors: Holzapfel Helmut
Published: November 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest przedstawienie historii Kościoła katolickiego w Szwecji i wysiłków podejmowanych w celu zapewnienia duszpasterstwa katolikom w tym kraju. Autor zwrócił uwagę, że w XVIII wieku w Szwecji  z powodu braku księży katolicy byli praktycznie pozbawieni sakramentów świętych i opieki duszpasterskiej. W tym czasie w Szwecji tylko przedstawiciele ambasad z krajów katolickich mogli korzystać z posługi kapelanów. Z wielkim trudem wspomniani kapelani starali się także sprawować sakramenty święte wśród zagranicznych katolików, którzy przebywali w Sztokholmie jako artyści, rzemieślnicy lub żołnierze. Próby nawracania rodowitych Szwedów na religię katolicką w każdym przypadku oznaczały śmierć lub wydalenie z kraju. W artykule opisano działalność Christopha Theodora Antivariego, austriackiego dyplomaty i wysłannika cesarskiego na dworze szwedzkim, który kontaktując się z różnymi zakonami podejmował  próby zatrudnienia kapelana dla ambasady austriackiej w Sztokholmie. W tekście przypomniano szczególnie polskiego franciszkanina, który był jednym z kapelanów pracujących wśród katolików w Szwecji.
Rec.: A. Gwynn, R. N. Hadcock, Medieval religious houses Ireland, London 1970
Authors: Nir Roman
Published: November 2023

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ASSESSMENT OF RENAL FUNCTION IN DIABETIC WISTAR RATS TREATED WITH ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Cucumis sativus FRUIT.
Authors: ABU O.D. , AWHIN E .P. , IYARE H.E. , IYARE H.E.
Published: November 2023

As a fast-growing metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Nephropathy (damage to kidney leading to renal failure) is a microvascular complication of the disease. The aim of the present study was to assess renal function in diabetic rats treated with ethanol extract of Cucumis sativus fruit. Male Wistar rats (n = 25, mean weight = 215 ± 15 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (5 rats per group): control, diabetic, metformin, 200 mg/kg body weight (bwt) extract and 300 mg/kg bwt extract groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 50 mg/kg bwt. The diabetic rats were then treated for 21 days with metformin (50 mg/kg bwt) or the extract at doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg bwt, respectively, leaving the diabetic group untreated. The results showed that induction of diabetes mellitus using STZ significantly increased plasma urease activity, and urea and chloride concentrations, but it reduced the weight of rat kidney and concentrations of sodium, potassium and bicarbonate ions significantly (p < 0.05). However, treatment of the diabetic rats with the extract markedly reduced plasma urease, and urea and chloride ion concentrations, while increasing kidney weight, organ/body weight ratio as well as concentrations of sodium, potassium and bicarbonate ions (p < 0.05). The effect of the extract on potassium and chloride ions was dose-dependent. These results indicate that ethanol extract from the medicinal plant C. sativus fruit can ameliorate kidney dysfunction caused by STZ-induced diabetes mellitus.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE PENIS AND ASSOCIATED GLANDS OF THE ADULT AFRICAN FRUIT BAT (Epomops franqueti)
Authors: EKEOLU O. K. , ASENUGA E. R.
Published: November 2023

There are sketches of data available on the penis of Megachiroptera. However, there is a dearth of information on the structures of the penis and its associated glands in the adult male Epomops franqueti. The penis is derived from mesoderm, which then differentiates into erectile tissues, connective tissues, smooth muscles, bones, and cartilage in a definite pattern to aid the penile function. The mammalian penis varies across different species in terms of penile shape, length, and appendages. Therefore, this work was aimed at investigating the anatomy of the African fruit bat’s penis and its associated glands. Ten adult male bats were captured and used for this study. The penises were dissected and processed for light microscopy. They were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Mason’s trichrome (MT). Epomops franqueti has an average penile length of 6.20 ± 1.10 mm and a width of 3.56 ± 0.20 mm. The penis of Epomops. franqueti has a pair of corpora cavernosa that is more prominent than the single corpus spongiosum that surrounds the urethra. The prepuce of Epomops franqueti is retractable over the glans penis and it has preputial glands. The glans penis of the bat has no traces of baculum but it is furnished with accessory corpus cavernosum. Bulbourethral gland with simple columnar epithelium is located on the root of the penis, and this finding is novel in this species of bat. Gross and histological investigation reveals that Epomops franqueti has a vascular penis which is typical to mammals.
Narrative review : strengthening students’ self-identity through Christian values-based guidance and counseling services
Authors: Anggita Inggar , Ramli M. , Muslihati Muslihati
Published: November 2023

Adolescence is an important stage for self-identity discovery. Thus, effective guidance and counseling strategies are needed in shaping students’ self-identity. One of them is by integrating Christian values in guidance and counselingservices. This article is aimed to analyze the shaping of self-identity through guidance and counseling services based on Christian values. Narrative review is used to compile several published articles and research studies from Google scholars with the key words “guidance and counseling services based on Christian values” and “integration of Christian values in counseling and psychology”. Hence, 80 journals from 54 national and 26 international journals are collected, with 7 national journals selected with the PRISMA model. The result of this article covers 4 key areas in guidance and counseling service with Christian values :1) Guidance and counseling services can be applied through prayer and Scripture reading that are suitable for students’ needs, 2)Guidance services are conducted to help students to be independent and discipline, 3)Counseling services can be done through pastoral counseling and discipleship,4)School counselor has an important role to instill Christian values in shaping students’ self-identity.
Women’s Experiences of Academic Tenure at a Women’s University in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Tayyeb Ali
Published: November 2023

The study aims to understand how teachers and academic leadership have experienced the implementation of the Tenure Track System (TTS) as a new educational reform in a female university. Although the need for change in education has been widely researched, the dynamics of how the international academic reward system affects women working in a women’s university, especially in the context of developing countries, have mostly been ignored in the literature. This case study is based on the experience of interventions in the university reward system at a public university for women established in 1922. It provides unique insights into how the participants perceive the change process and the unintended side effects of these policy-level changes on the personal and organizational culture and structure levels. The results reveal that participants overburdened themselves with administrative, teaching, and research work but could have voiced their concerns more assertively. The study concluded that TTS faculty had been marginalized in the university based on their compensation and TTS is struggling to foot its ground as a main academic reward system. The faculty on TTS at large felt frustrated and alienated.