bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMBRACING DIGITALIZATION: TRANSFORMING EDUCATION FOR THE 5.0 ERA
Authors: Yupeni Erna
Published: April 2024

In the evolution of time, humans continue to develop and adapt to their environment during that period. Throughout this evolutionary process, humans constantly create innovations to enhance their effectiveness and ease of living. One of the tools used by humans in this process of adaptation and change is technology. Technology brings convenience and efficiency to human life. The development of the digital world progresses dynamically, and its influence on society's lifestyle cannot be ignored. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the importance of digitization in education in facing the changes from the 4.0 revolution towards 5.0. This research employs qualitative descriptive research with a literature review method. Data collection techniques utilize Content Analysis obtained from various sources including scientific articles, government documents, mass media, books, and others deemed relevant to this study, which are then analyzed using policy research. The research findings indicate that the digitization of education in schools is important to meet several needs, including increasing the demand for knowledge, improving the quality of student learning, strengthening students' four abilities: creativity, communication, critical thinking, and collaboration, as well as supporting the government's "independent learning" program, which is not limited by space and time. The digitization of school education can be used as a tool to support virtual learning without diminishing the essence of delivering learning materials, through online platforms that can be used flexibly.
Francisco Fernández del Riego, editor na resistencia ao franquismo
Authors: Dasilva Xosé Manuel
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo examínase a actividade editorial de Francisco Fernández del Riego no contexto adverso do período  franquista. Distínguense tres vertentes nesta parte significativa da súa biografía: 1º) o labor de editor literario, deseñando volumes colectivos e individuais como Escolma de poesía galega IV. Os contemporáneos (1955) e Obra completa (1959), de Ramón Cabanillas, entre outros; 2º) o labor de promotor editorial, impulsando a creación de obras fundamentais como Á lus do candil. Contos a carón do lume (1953), de Ánxel Fole, Merlín e familia (1955), de Álvaro Cunqueiro, Nimbos (1961), de Xosé M.ª Díaz Castro, Leria (1961), de Vicente Risco, ou Longa noite de pedra (1962), de Celso Emilio Ferreiro; e 3º) o labor de produtor editorial, axudando a que se publicasen libros tamén relevantes, tras superar as dificultades da censura, como A esmorga (1955, 1970) e Xente ao lonxe (1972), de Eduardo Blanco Amor, ou Vento ferido (1967), de Carlos Casares. Tras a análise dos títulos referidos, os cales viron a luz polo ímpeto de Fernández del Riego, enuméranse as principais virtudes do seu traballo como editor, entre as que destacan o compromiso, a laboriosidade, a perseveranza, a audacia e a xenerosidade.
МЕХАНІЗМ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ БОРГОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД
Authors: Коблик Ігор
Published: April 2024

Основним завданням дослідження є з’ясування важливості проведення боргової політики для розвитку територіальних громад. При розгляді наукових досліджень визначено підходи, з точки зору яких вчені досліджували роль боргової політики та її вплив на соціально-економічний розвиток громад. Встановлено, що основна мета боргової політики територіальних громад полягає в забезпеченні фінансової стабільності та розвитку, сприяючи ефективному використанню боргових ресурсів для задоволення потреб населення громади та підтримки соціально-економічного зростання, з урахуванням прозорості, відповідальності та довгострокової фінансової стійкості громади. З’ясовано, що боргова політика територіальних громад є комплексним завданням, яке вимагає цілеспрямованого вибору механізму її проведення. Визначено механізм реалізації боргової політики та основні його елементи, які функціонують автономно, однак одночасно вони є складовою частиною цілісного механізму і взаємозв'язок цих елементів вимагає постійної координації їхнього функціонування.
Право Європейського Союзу: навч.-метод. посіб. для практ. занять та самостійної роботи
Authors:   Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Аракелян Мінас Рамзесович
Published: April 2024

У навчально-методичному посібнику «Право Європейського Союзу» детально і систематизовано розкриваються основні терміни та інститути ЄС, докладно розглядаються ключові аспекти владної компетенції ЄС, діяльність та повноваження органів та інститутів ЄС, розглянуті різні напрямки політики ЄС, взаємодія з третіми країнами, країнами-кандидатами та окремо наданий аналіз взаємовідносинам з Україною. Пропонований навчальний посібник складається з текстів лекцій, планів практичних занять, тем і завдань для самостійної роботи та рекомендованої літератури та інформаційних ресурсів. Навчально-методичний посібник «Право Європейського Союзу» призначений для здобувачів, викладачів, юристів-практиків, посадових і службових осіб органів державної влади, а також усіх, хто цікавиться правом Європейського Союзу.
Practicality Test of Learning Strategy on Chemistry Instrument Analysis to Improve Scientific Generic Thinking Skills
Authors: Kunusa Wiwin Rewini , Pikoli Masrid , Isa Ishak , Latjompoh Masra , Yusuf Frida Maryati
Published: April 2024

Higher-order thinking skills in chemistry learning encompass a set of skills known as science generic skills. These skills are fundamental competencies that can be applied across various scientific disciplines and contribute to the success of scientists and science practitioners. The objective of this research is to develop a Problem-Based Learning-based VC-MER learning strategy that enhances students' science generic skills. The research aims to test the practicality of the VC-MER learning strategy, based on Problem-Based Learning, in improving students' science generic skills. The results indicate that the VC-MER learning strategy is feasible for use in the learning process and can be categorized as a practical learning strategy for implementing all stages of the VC-MER learning strategy.
Cancer diagnosis and treatment in working‐age adults: Implications for employment, health insurance coverage, and financial hardship in the United States
Authors: Yabroff K. Robin , Doran Joanna F. , Zhao Jingxuan , Chino Fumiko , Shih Ya‐Chen Tina , Han Xuesong , Zheng Zhiyuan , Bradley Cathy J. , Bryant Monica F.
Published: April 2024

The rising costs of cancer care and subsequent medical financial hardship for cancer survivors and families are well documented in the United States. Less attention has been paid to employment disruptions and loss of household income after a cancer diagnosis and during treatment, potentially resulting in lasting financial hardship, particularly for working‐age adults not yet age‐eligible for Medicare coverage and their families. In this article, the authors use a composite patient case to illustrate the adverse consequences of cancer diagnosis and treatment for employment, health insurance coverage, household income, and other aspects of financial hardship. They summarize existing research and provide nationally representative estimates of multiple aspects of financial hardship and health insurance coverage, benefit design, and employee benefits, such as paid sick leave, among working‐age adults with a history of cancer and compare them with estimates among working‐age adults without a history of cancer from the most recently available years of the National Health Interview Survey (2019–2021). Then, the authors identify opportunities for addressing employment and health insurance coverage challenges at multiple levels, including federal, state, and local policies; employers; cancer care delivery organizations; and nonprofit organizations. These efforts, when informed by research to identify best practices, can potentially help mitigate the financial hardship associated with cancer.
Female sexual dysfunction: an impression
Authors: Roy Susmita
Published: April 2024

Abstract not available.
Bang J Psychiatry 2020; 34(1):1
Collaborative Constitutionalism and Courts as Partners in the Joint Enterprise of Governing
Authors: Salekin Masrur
Published: April 2024

Although the doctrine of separation of powers has significantly influenced the development of constitutional doctrine in many countries, an acknowledgment of the myriad limitations of the theory allows reevaluating the traditional approach to view institutional governance. This article explores collaborative constitutionalism which sees the state organs not as solitary entities confined to one single function rather as constituent parts of a joint enterprise where each of the organs has its own role to play and they work together. Based on judicial decisions by the courts of Bangladesh, India, and Ireland, three forms of collaboration have been identified where the courts have acted as partners in the joint enterprise of governing with other organs. It has been demonstrated that adopting a collaborative approach allows the courts to perform a proactive and meaningful supervisory role vis-à-vis the other organs of the state to ensure the rule of law.

Dhaka University Law Journal, 2023, 34 (2), 115-131
Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis in a Patient with a Renal Transplant: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Mathur Mahesh , Das Gautam , Shah Swati , Jaiswal Sunil , Maharjan Srijana , Shrestha Ayasha
Published: April 2024

Acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis is a rare condition that can occur in patients who are immunocompromised, particularly recipients of a renal transplant. In a patient who has had a renal transplant, acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis has a greater propensity for developing non-melanoma skin cancer. It is critical to emphasise an early and accurate diagnosis, and regularly monitor this high-risk population.
HANDLING SPIRITUALISM SEBAGAI KONTROL DIRI PADA REMAJA DI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Fitriyah Lailatul , Wahyuni Erfi Fitri
Published: April 2024

This study presents awareness about attitudes towards pesantren teenagers who begin to assume the small degree of scale of regulation in pesantren. Spiritual education becomes a shield for adolescent boarding schools to be able to control themselves so as not to make deviations (violations) that have become written or unwritten provisions. The research method used is a qualitative with case study. The results showed that the relevance of spirituliasm education is able to be one of the enlightenment drugs for the storage of pesantren regulations. Adolescent boarding schools are able to realize the form of mistakes, through the handling carried out by pesantren parties such as: duha prayer activities, tahajjud prayers, exemplary teachers, teacher age, and the application of classical books. The customization can have a synergic impact on the students both physically and spiritually to be able to take ibroh and understand the meaning of pesantren regulations in accordance with the goals set. So that's when a person who is faithful, intellectual, and useful to society is formed.
ETIKA KEUTAMAAN DALAM AKHLAK TASAWUF ABDUL QODIR AL-JAILANI: RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER MANUSIA
Authors: Mustaghfiroh Siti , Nazar Taufid Hidayat , Safe'i Badarudin
Published: April 2024

This study examines the concept of Abdul Qadir al-Jailani's Sufism which is oriented towards moral Sufism. His teachings are centered on improving human morals. Moral perfection in humans can be realized by purification of the soul through the stages of self-purification. This research is a library research, using the formal object of virtue ethics and the material object is the moral thought of Sufism Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. This research is library research. the method used is qualitative with content analysis techniques Interpretation, coherence and holistic. The results of this study indicate that the thought of Abdul Qadir al-Jailani's Sufism emphasizes the aspects of improving individual human behavior through several stages of purification of the soul: repentance, zuhud, tawakal, patience, honesty, gratitude, and pleasure. The ethics of virtue in the Sufism of Abdul Qodir al-Jailani directs the focus of his attention on human being which is oriented to self-improvement as a good or bad person.
NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM NUSANTARA DALAM TRADISI PASAR MALAM JUMAT PAHING DI DESA MENGGORO KECAMATAN TEMBARAK KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG
Authors: Fadli Muhammad Ulfi
Published: April 2024

Javanese tradition will always be associated with rituals. However, rituals that have the value of Islamic education in the archipelago will be useful as the spread of islam. Likewise, this research is about the educational values of Nusantara Islam in the tradition of the Friday Pahing night market in the village of Menggoro. The purpose of this study is to find the educational values of Nusantara Islam by first knowing the background of tradition, then the rituals that axist in the tradition. The process of collecting data is done by nterviewing various sources needed in the research.  The material from the interviews obtained and study show that in the friday night market tradition, there are values of Islamic education in the archipelago, namely historical, religious, and moral values. The pahing Friday night tradition teaches ethics so that it is not easy to judge someone by what they see, then makes us aware to always remember and be grateful to Allah SWT, realize that we are in a temporary world, so we must remember death it also reminds people to give money to charity. This research is important to do in the field of traditions that have existed for a long time and experience, especially in the Islamic tradition.
METODE HIWAR SEBAGAI SALAH SATU CARA MENCEGAH ISLAMOPHOBIA
Authors: Abdusshomad Alwazir
Published: April 2024

Islam is a perfect religion. A belief that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad SAW is the messenger of Allah. Based on this belief, the following human must have the pillars of faith and the pillars of Islam. Currently, the understanding of Islam is far from what it should be. Most non-Muslims consider Islam a strict religion; some even say that the religion of terrorists is Islam. Ignorance about the religion of Islam makes non-Muslim communities in the West, in particular, afraid to establish communication with Muslims. Much news that corners the Islamic religion. The role of the mass media is essential in reporting. Therefore, this study discusses what Islamophobia is and how to overcome it. This research is library research. This research is expected to enlighten to reduce the existence of Islamophobia, especially in the West.
WAWASAN AL-QUR`AN DALAM MODERASI BERAGAMA: PERKEMBANGAN PARADIGMA
Authors: Syafi’i Imam , Nugroho Irzak Yuliardy
Published: April 2024

This study examines the development of the Qur'anic Study Paradigm, by knowing this development, one has a broad view and avoids radical and extreme attitudes. In addition, an anti-violence attitude in responding to differences, contextualization in understanding religious texts. This study uses a qualitative approach with the type of research library research, where researchers utilize various sources both primary and secondary contained in various journals, books and research results. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out. The development of interpretation from classical to contemporary cannot be separated from the historical roots where the Qur'an was understood by the early generations of Islam. In the classical era there were at least two stages in the study of the Qur'an, namely formative with Quasi-Critical reasoning or paradigms and affirmative with ideological reasoning. Post-Orientalism, criticism of the Qur'an became a prominent theme in the West. This phase is called transformative. This stage is called the reformative era with critical reasoning. Existing interpretation products are not taken for granted as 'truth'. However, they have begun to be criticized and questioned, while transformative means that interpretation is built to transform the people and to answer and solve real problems that are emerging and developing in society.
ANALISIS KRITIS M. QURAISH SHIHAB TERHADAP PENGULANGAN KISAH NABI MUSA DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Romziana Luthviyah , Rahmaniyah Nur Wahyuni
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze the repetition of the story of the Prophet Musa according to Quraish Shihab in the book of al-Misbah interpretation and what goals and lessons can be applied to Millennials like today. The type of research used is a qualitative approach, with library research techniques in data collection. Based on the results of the study, it was found that; First, the purpose of the story of Prophet Musa being repeated in the Koran according to Quraish Shihab is to strengthen and strengthen the heart of the Prophet Muhammad. Second, the wisdom from the story of the Prophet Moses, something hated can lead to good. Second, Allah gave a sign or guidance as Prophet Moses was given the sign of a blazing fire. Third, Allah is Willing and chooses whoever is worthy according to Him as choosing Prophet Moses as ulul azmi and fostering a sense of courage, patience, and perseverance as well as the persistence of Prophet Moses against the arrogance of the king of Pharaoh and his people.
The Relation of Shari'a, Tariqat, and Haqiqat in the Perspective of Badiuzzaman Said Nursi
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Fawaid Ahmad , Khoir Nadiatul
Published: April 2024

This study aims to describe how Badiuzzaman Said Nursi views the relation of shari'a, tariqat, and haqiqat and how the concept of Badiuzzaman Said Nursi in his Sufism journey and what is behind the birth of the concept of Sufism. The method used in this research is qualitative with the type of library research. The study results show that Nursi's view of the relation of shari'a, tariqat, and haqiqat cannot be separated from one another because all three are three paths with one goal. Nursi abbreviated several concepts in his Sufism journey with four concepts sourced from the Qur'an, including weakness (al-'Ajz), poverty (al-Faqr), and compassion (al-Syafaqah), thinking and contemplating (Tafakkur). Something behind Badiuzzaman Said Nursi in his Sufism revitalization discourse is due to the rampant deviations committed by Sufistic practitioners in Turkey.
High-fat diets induce inflammatory IMD/NFκB signaling via gut microbiota remodeling in Drosophila
Authors: Wang Jun , Gu Jiaojiao , Yi Jianhan , Li Jie , Li Wen , Zhai Zongzhao
Published: April 2024

High-fat diets (HFDs), a prevailing daily dietary style worldwide, induce chronic low-grade inflammation in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, promoting a variety of diseases including pathologies associated with neuroinflammation. However, the mechanisms linking HFDs to inflammation are not entirely clear. Here, using a Drosophila HFD model, we explored the mechanism of HFD-induced inflammation in remote tissues. We found that HFDs activated the IMD/NFκB immune pathway in the head through remodeling of the commensal gut bacteria. Removal of gut microbiota abolished such HFD-induced remote inflammatory response. Further experiments revealed that HFDs significantly increased the abundance of Acetobacter malorum in the gut, and the re-association of this bacterium was sufficient to elicit inflammatory response in remote tissues. Mechanistically, Acetobacter malorum produced a greater amount of peptidoglycan (PGN), a well-defined microbial molecular pattern that enters the circulation and remotely activates an inflammatory response. Our results thus show that HFDs trigger inflammation mediated by a bacterial molecular pattern that elicits host immune response.
Detection of novel Plasmodium falciparum coronin gene mutations in a recrudescent ACT-treated patient in South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Ajibaye Olusola , Olukosi Yetunde Adeola , Oriero Eniyou C. , Oboh Mary Aigbiremo , Iwalokun Bamidele , Nwankwo Ikechukwu Chidiebere , Nnam Chinaza Favour , Adaramoye Olawunmi Victoria , Chukwemeka Somadina , Okanazu Judith , Gabriel Eniafe , Balogun Emmanuel Oluwadare , Amambua-Ngwa Alfred
Published: April 2024

Background

Routine surveillance for antimalarial drug resistance is critical to sustaining the efficacy of artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs). Plasmodium falciparum kelch-13 (Pfkelch-13) and non-Pfkelch-13 artemisinin (ART) resistance-associated mutations are uncommon in Africa. We investigated polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum actin-binding protein (Pfcoronin) associated with in vivo reduced sensitivity to ART in Nigeria.

Methods

Fifty-two P. falciparum malaria subjects who met the inclusion criteria were followed up in a 28-day therapeutic efficacy study of artemether-lumefantrine in Lagos, Nigeria. Parasite detection was done by microscopy and molecular diagnostic approaches involving PCR amplification of genes for Pf18S rRNA, varATS, telomere-associated repetitive elements-2 (TARE-2). Pfcoronin and Pfkelch-13 genes were sequenced bi-directionally while clonality of infections was determined using 12 neutral P. falciparum microsatellite loci and msp2 analyses. Antimalarial drugs (sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, chloroquine and some quinolones) resistance variants (DHFR_51, DHFR_59, DHFR_108, DHFR_164, MDR1_86, MDR1_184, DHPS_581 and DHPS_613) were genotyped by high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis.

Results

A total of 7 (26.92%) cases were identified either as early treatment failure, late parasitological failure or late clinical failure. Of the four post-treatment infections identified as recrudescence by msp2 genotypes, only one was classified as recrudescence by multilocus microsatellites genotyping. Microsatellite analysis revealed no significant difference in the mean allelic diversity, He, (P = 0.19, Mann-Whitney test). Allele sizes and frequency per locus implicated one isolate. Genetic analysis of this isolate identified two new Pfcoronin SNVs (I68G and L173F) in addition to the P76S earlier reported. Linkage-Disequilibrium as a standardized association index, IAS, between multiple P. falciparum loci revealed significant LD (IAS = 0.2865, P=0.02, Monte-Carlo simulation) around the neutral microsatellite loci. The pfdhfr/pfdhps/pfmdr1 drug resistance-associated haplotypes combinations, (108T/N/51I/164L/59R/581G/86Y/184F), were observed in two samples.

Conclusion

Pfcoronin mutations identified in this study, with potential to impact parasite clearance, may guide investigations on emerging ART tolerance in Nigeria, and West African endemic countries.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG powder supplementation alleviates intestinal injury in piglets challenged by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Authors: Xu Zhaoyang , Zhang Qian , Wu Mengjun , Zhang Yanyan , Li Zhonghua , Li Hanxiao , Yu Chenmin , Zhang Xiaohan , Zhao Di , Wang Lei , Hou Yongqing , Wu Tao
Published: April 2024

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has become a challenging problem in pig industry worldwide, causing significant profit losses. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has been regarded as a safe probiotic strain and has been shown to exert protective effects on the intestinal dysfunction caused by PEDV. This study evaluated the effect of LGG on the gut health of lactating piglets challenged with PEDV. Fifteen piglets at 7 days of age were equally assigned into 3 groups (5 piglets per group): 1) control group (basal diet); 2) PEDV group: (basal diet + PEDV challenged); 3) LGG + PEDV group (basal diet + 3×109 CFU/pig/day LGG + PEDV). The trial lasted 11 days including 3 days of adaptation. The treatment with LGG was from D4 to D10. PEDV challenge was carried out on D8. PEDV infection disrupted the cell structure, undermined the integrity of the intestinal tract, and induced oxidative stress, and intestinal damage of piglets. Supplementation of LGG improved intestinal morphology, enhanced intestinal antioxidant capacity, and alleviated jejunal mucosal inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders in PEDV-infected piglets, which may be regulated by LGG by altering the expression of TNF signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, and fat digestion and absorption pathway.
Challenges for climate change adaptation in Latin America and the Caribbean region
Authors: Cavazos Tereza , Bettolli Maria Laura , Campbell Donovan , Sánchez Rodríguez Roberto A. , Mycoo Michelle , Arias Paola A. , Rivera Juan , Reboita Michelle Simões , Gulizia Carla , Hidalgo Hugo G. , Alfaro Eric J. , Stephenson Tannecia S. , Sörensson Anna A. , Cerezo-Mota Ruth , Castellanos Edwin , Ley Debora , Mahon Roché
Published: April 2024

The limited success of international efforts to reduce global warming at levels established in the Paris Agreement, and the increasing frequency and strength of climate impacts, highlight the urgent need of adaptation, particularly in developing countries. Unfortunately, current levels of adaptation initiatives are not enough to counteract the observed impacts and projected risks from climate change in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). In this paper, we review and highlight relevant issues that have limited the capacity to transform climate knowledge and parties’ ambitions into action in the region. Current vulnerabilities and climatic impact-drivers in LAC are diverse, complex, and region-specific and their effects are expected to be exacerbated by climate change. However, the advancement of regional and domestic climate agendas has been hindered by scientific gaps, political support, institutional capacity, and financial, technical, human, and economic limitations that are common to many LAC countries. Transforming climate data into multidimensional metrics with useful thresholds for different sectors and understanding their contribution for feasible adaptation strategies are delayed by regional and local conundrums such as lack of inclusive governance, data availability, equity, justice, and transboundary issues. We discuss ways to move forward to develop local and regional climate resilient development actions and a more sustainable future in LAC. The climate science community in LAC needs to strengthen its local, national, and international connections and with decision/policymakers and society to establish a three-way engagement by proposing suitable adaptation actions and international negotiations to reduce the risks and vulnerability associated with climate extremes, climate variability and climate change in the region. The discussions and insights presented in this work could be extrapolated to other countries in the Global South.
Mendelian randomization reveals the impact of diet on infertility in men and women
Authors: Chen Xiangyu , Ren Congzhe , Wu Changgui , Liu Xiaoqiang
Published: April 2024

Background

Although studies on the effects of diet on fertility has progressed, some cumulative evidence has piled against popular hypotheses. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of 31 diets including 23 individual dietary intakes and 8 dietary habits on infertility in men and women.

Methods

The datas of diets and infertility were collected from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Mendelian randomization (MR) methods were used to analyze causal relationships. Multivariate MR (MVMR) adjusted for the effects of other exposures on causality. And MR-Egger, Cochran’s Q, radial MR, and MR-PRESSO tests were employed to assess heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.

Results

Our study found that coffee intake (OR, 3.6967; 95% CI, 1.0348 – 13.2065; P = 0.0442) and cooked vegetable intakes (OR, 54.7865; 95% CI, 2.9011 – 1030.5500; P = 0.0076) increased the risk of male infertility. For women, beer was a risk factor for infertility (OR, 4.0932; 95% CI, 1.8728 – 8.9461; P = 0.0004); but processed meat was negatively associated with infertility (OR, 0.5148; 95% CI, 0.2730 – 0.9705; P = 0.0401). MVMR demonstrated selenium as a protective factor against female infertility (OR, 7.4474e-12; 95% CI, 5.4780e-22 – 1.0125e-01; P = 0.0314).

Conclusion

We found the causal relationships between four diets and infertility. We look forward to more high-quality epidemiologic studies to prove our conclusions.
Multi-camera vision-based synchronous positioning and mapping for green construction of electric substations
Authors: Wang Chang , Yuan Huihong , Bian Qifeng , Zhao Chongjuan , Zhou Botao , Chen Zhuozhou , Basit Muhammad Abdul
Published: April 2024

Accurate CO2 tracking in electric substation construction is vital for climate efforts, using monocular SLAM for monitoring despite challenges like sunlight and complex terrain. Additionally, these methods typically yield only aggregate carbon emission data, thereby lacking the granularity necessary for precise monitoring throughout the construction process. These limitations compromise mapping accuracy and impede the integration of digital twins and IoT technologies. Addressing these issues, this paper proposed a methodology combining red, green, and blue (RGB) cameras and multi-camera collaboration with digital design systems, enhancing SLAM capabilities. The advanced technique integrated methods including overlap estimation, depth reasoning, noise reduction, and surface reconstruction to create accurate 3D models, enhancing scene reconstruction and real-time CO2 tracking during construction and operation. Leveraging continuous on-site camera monitoring as a substitute for manual inspections, it significantly contributes to the compilation of a comprehensive carbon emission database within a digital twin framework. Experimental results confirmed the proposed method’s superiority over previous works in real-time CO2 estimation, enhancing decision-making, resource management, and sustainable energy development. Overall, besides its application in substation construction for CO2 monitoring, this methodology can also be applied to carbon tracking in various other construction projects.
From standard therapies to monoclonal antibodies and immune checkpoint inhibitors – an update for reconstructive surgeons on common oncological cases
Authors: Knoedler Leonard , Huelsboemer Lioba , Hollmann Katharina , Alfertshofer Michael , Herfeld Konstantin , Hosseini Helia , Boroumand Sam , Stoegner Viola A. , Safi Ali-Farid , Perl Markus , Knoedler Samuel , Pomahac Bohdan , Kauke-Navarro Martin
Published: April 2024

Malignancies represent a persisting worldwide health burden. Tumor treatment is commonly based on surgical and/or non-surgical therapies. In the recent decade, novel non-surgical treatment strategies involving monoclonal antibodies (mAB) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been successfully incorporated into standard treatment algorithms. Such emerging therapy concepts have demonstrated improved complete remission rates and prolonged progression-free survival compared to conventional chemotherapies. However, the in-toto surgical tumor resection followed by reconstructive surgery oftentimes remains the only curative therapy. Breast cancer (BC), skin cancer (SC), head and neck cancer (HNC), and sarcoma amongst other cancer entities commonly require reconstructive surgery to restore form, aesthetics, and functionality. Understanding the basic principles, strengths, and limitations of mAB and ICI as (neo-) adjuvant therapies and treatment alternatives for resectable or unresectable tumors is paramount for optimized surgical therapy planning. Yet, there is a scarcity of studies that condense the current body of literature on mAB and ICI for BC, SC, HNC, and sarcoma. This knowledge gap may result in suboptimal treatment planning, ultimately impairing patient outcomes. Herein, we aim to summarize the current translational endeavors focusing on mAB and ICI. This line of research may serve as an evidence-based fundament to guide targeted therapy and optimize interdisciplinary anti-cancer strategies.
A retrospective multicenter study on clinical and serological parameters in patients with MuSK myasthenia gravis with and without general immunosuppression
Authors: Koneczny Inga , Mané-Damas Marina , Zong Shenghua , De Haas Sander , Huda Saif , van Kruining Daan , Damoiseaux Jan , De Rosa Anna , Maestri Michelangelo , Guida Melania , Molenaar Peter , Van Damme Philip , Fichtenbaum Andreas , Perkmann Thomas , De Baets Marc , Lazaridis Konstantinos , Zouvelou Vasiliki , Tzartos Socrates , Ricciardi Roberta , Losen Mario , Martinez-Martinez Pilar
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK)- myasthenia gravis (MG) is caused by pathogenic autoantibodies against MuSK that correlate with disease severity and are predominantly of the IgG4 subclass. The first-line treatment for MuSK-MG is general immunosuppression with corticosteroids, but the effect of treatment on IgG4 and MuSK IgG4 levels has not been studied.

Methods

We analyzed the clinical data and sera from 52 MuSK-MG patients (45 female, 7 male, median age 49 (range 17–79) years) from Italy, the Netherlands, Greece and Belgium, and 43 AChR-MG patients (22 female, 21 male, median age 63 (range 2–82) years) from Italy, receiving different types of immunosuppression, and sera from 46 age- and sex-matched non-disease controls (with no diagnosed diseases, 38 female, 8 male, median age 51.5 (range 20–68) years) from the Netherlands. We analyzed the disease severity (assessed by MGFA or QMG score), and measured concentrations of MuSK IgG4, MuSK IgG, total IgG4 and total IgG in the sera by ELISA, RIA and nephelometry.

Results

We observed that MuSK-MG patients showed a robust clinical improvement and reduction of MuSK IgG after therapy, and that MuSK IgG4 concentrations, but not total IgG4 concentrations, correlated with clinical severity. MuSK IgG and MuSK IgG4 concentrations were reduced after immunosuppression in 4/5 individuals with before-after data, but data from non-linked patient samples showed no difference. Total serum IgG4 levels were within the normal range, with IgG4 levels above threshold (1.35g/L) in 1/52 MuSK-MG, 2/43 AChR-MG patients and 1/45 non-disease controls. MuSK-MG patients improved within the first four years after disease onset, but no further clinical improvement or reduction of MuSK IgG4 were observed four years later, and only 14/52 (26.92%) patients in total, of which 13 (93.3%) received general immunosuppression, reached clinical remission.

Discussion

We conclude that MuSK-MG patients improve clinically with general immunosuppression but may require further treatment to reach remission. Longitudinal testing of individual patients may be clinically more useful than single measurements of MuSK IgG4. No significant differences in the serum IgG4 concentrations and IgG4/IgG ratio between AChR- and MuSK-MG patients were found during follow-up. Further studies with larger patient and control cohorts are necessary to validate the findings.
Towards early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: advances in immune-related blood biomarkers and computational approaches
Authors: Krix Sophia , Wilczynski Ella , Falgàs Neus , Sánchez-Valle Raquel , Yoles Eti , Nevo Uri , Baruch Kuti , Fröhlich Holger
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer’s disease has an increasing prevalence in the population world-wide, yet current diagnostic methods based on recommended biomarkers are only available in specialized clinics. Due to these circumstances, Alzheimer’s disease is usually diagnosed late, which contrasts with the currently available treatment options that are only effective for patients at an early stage. Blood-based biomarkers could fill in the gap of easily accessible and low-cost methods for early diagnosis of the disease. In particular, immune-based blood-biomarkers might be a promising option, given the recently discovered cross-talk of immune cells of the central nervous system with those in the peripheral immune system. Here, we give a background on recent advances in research on brain-immune system cross-talk in Alzheimer’s disease and review machine learning approaches, which can combine multiple biomarkers with further information (e.g. age, sex, APOE genotype) into predictive models supporting an earlier diagnosis. In addition, mechanistic modeling approaches, such as agent-based modeling open the possibility to model and analyze cell dynamics over time. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of immune-system related blood-based biomarkers and their potential for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Efficacy and safety of ciprofol for sedation in outpatient gynecological procedures: a phase III multicenter randomized trial
Authors: Xu Jing , Yang Mengchang , Zeng Yuan , Zou Xiao-Hua , Ren Jing-Hua , Xia Zhongyuan , Xie Hai-Hui , Yu Yong-Hao , Xu Ming-Jun , Chen Wei , Wang Dong-Xin
Published: April 2024

Objective

Ciprofol (also known as cipepofol and HSK3486), is a compound similar to propofol in chemical structure and hypnotic effect. Herein we evaluated the efficacy and safety of ciprofol for sedation in outpatient gynecological procedures.

Methods

This phase III multicenter randomized trial with a non-inferiority design was conducted in nine tertiary hospitals. We enrolled 135 women aged 18–65 years who were scheduled for ambulatory gynecological procedures. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either ciprofol (0.4 mg/kg for induction and 0.2 mg/kg for maintenance) or propofol (2.0 mg/kg for induction and 1.0 mg/kg for maintenance) sedation in a 2:1 ratio. Patients and investigators for data collection and outcome assessment were blinded to study group assignments. The primary outcome was the success rate of sedation, defined as completion of procedure without remedial anesthetics. The non-inferiority margin was set at −8%. Secondary outcomes included time to successful induction, time to full awake, time to meet discharge criteria, and satisfaction with sedation assessed by patients and doctors. We also monitored occurrence of adverse events and injection pain.

Results

A total of 135 patients were enrolled; 134 patients (90 patients received ciprofol sedation and 44 patients propofol sedation) were included in final intention-to-treat analysis. The success rates were both 100% in the two groups (rate difference, 0.0%; 95% CI, −4.1 to 8.0%), i.e., ciprofol was non-inferior to propofol. When compared with propofol sedation, patients given ciprofol required more time to reach successful induction (median difference [MD], 2 s; 95% CI, 1 to 7; p < 0.001), and required more time to reach full awake (MD, 2.3 min; 95% CI, 1.4 to 3.1; p < 0.001) and discharge criteria (MD, 2.3 min; 95% CI, 1.5 to 3.2; p < 0.001). Fewer patients in the ciprofol group were dissatisfied with sedation (relative risk, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.77; p = 0.024). Patients given ciprofol sedation had lower incidences of treat-emergent adverse events (34.4% [31/90] vs. 79.5% [35/44]; p < 0.001) and injection pain (6.7% [6/90] vs. 61.4% [27/44]; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Ciprofol for sedation in ambulatory gynecological procedures was non-inferior to propofol, with less adverse events and injection pain.

Clinical trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04958746.
Construction of a nomogram to predict the probability of new vertebral compression fractures after vertebral augmentation of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a retrospective study
Authors: Gao Yan , Zheng Jianhu , Yao Kang , Wang Weiguo , Tan Guoqing , Xin Jian , Li Nianhu , Chen Yungang
Published: April 2024

Objective

This study aimed to develop and validate a new nomogram model that can predict new vertebral fractures after surgery for osteoporotic compression fractures to optimize surgical plans and reduce the incidence of new vertebral compression fractures.

Methods

420 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were randomly sampled using a computer at a fixed ratio; 80% of the patients were assigned to the training set, while the remaining 20% were assigned to the validation set. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method was applied to screen the factors influencing refracture and construct a predictive model using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results

The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between bone cement leakage, poor cement dispersion, the presence of fractures in the endplate, and refractures. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) results showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the training set was 0.974 and the AUC of the validation set was 0.965, which proves that this prediction model has a good predictive ability. The brier score for the training set and validation set are 0.043 and 0.070, respectively, indicating that the model has high accuracy. Moreover, the calibration curve showed a good fit with minimal deviation, demonstrating the model’s high discriminant ability and excellent fit. The decision curve indicated that the nomogram had positive predictive ability, indicating its potential as a practical clinical tool.

Conclusion

Cement leakage, poor cement dispersion, and presence of fractures in the endplate are selected through LASSO and multivariate logistic regressions and included in the model development to establish a nomogram. This simple prediction model can support medical decision-making and maybe feasible for clinical practice.
Case report: Rapid development of acute symptomatic portal vein system thrombosis after endoscopic variceal therapy in a patient with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Wang Ran , Guo Xiaozhong , Gao Fangbo , Zhang Yongguo , Li Qianqian , Jia Siqi , Shao Xiaodong , Qi Xingshun
Published: April 2024

Acute portal vein thrombosis (PVST), a serious complication of liver cirrhosis, is characterized as abdominal pain secondary to intestinal ischemia, and even intestinal necrosis. Anticoagulation is recommended for the treatment of acute PVST, but is often postponed in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding or those at a high risk of variceal bleeding. Herein, we reported a 63-year-old male with a 14-year history of alcoholic liver cirrhosis who developed progressive abdominal pain related to acute portal vein and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis immediately after endoscopic variceal ligation combined with endoscopic cyanoacrylate glue injection for acute variceal bleeding. Fortunately, acute PVST was successfully recanalized by the use of low molecular weight heparin. Collectively, this case suggests that acute symptomatic PVST can be secondary to endoscopic variceal therapy in liver cirrhosis, and can be safely and successfully treated by anticoagulation.
Moringa oleifera-based feed supplement protects against renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury via downregulation of Bax/caspase 3 signaling
Authors: Afolabi Oladele A. , Akhigbe Tunmise M. , Hammed Sodiq. O. , Hamed Moses A. , Ekundina Victor O. , Ajike Richard A. , Alabi Babatunde A. , Akhigbe Roland E.
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) may lead to acute kidney injury via the induction of oxidative stress. On the other hand, Moringa oleifera has been reported to exert antioxidant activities. This study was designed to assess whether or not Moringa oleifera-based feed supplement could prevent I/R-induced renal injury.

Materials and methods

Renal I/R was induced by occluding the right renal artery for 30  min followed by a 2-h reperfusion.

Results

Renal I/R led to increased absolute renal weight and renal organo-somatic weight index. Renal I/R also caused distortion of renal histoarchitecture and impaired renal function evidenced by elevated serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. In addition, renal I/R significantly elevated renal levels of hydrogen peroxide, MDA, and advanced oxidation protein products, but suppressed the levels of reduced glutathione, protein thiol, and non-protein thiol, and the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, renal I/R up-regulated myeloperoxidase activity and the renal levels of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. Renal I/R also up-regulated Bax and caspase 3 expression in the kidney. Furthermore, I/R-driven structural and biochemical alterations were markedly inhibited by Moringa oleifera-based feed supplement.

Discussion

These results suggest that Moringa oleifera-based feed supplement may preserve the gross and histoarchitectural integrity of the kidney as well as renal function via downregulation of Bax/caspase 3 signaling by targeting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the kidney of I/R rat.
Favorable outcome of immunotherapy in a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Archwamety Anita , Kunapinun Nique , Sirinvaravong Sirinart , Apisarnthanarak Piyaporn , Akewanlop Charuwan , Korphaisarn Krittiya
Published: April 2024

Scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma (S-HCC) represents an uncommon subtype of HCC. During radiological evaluation this unique subtype is frequently mistaken as cholangiocarcinoma, fibrolamellar HCC, or metastatic adenocarcinoma. Here, we present the case of a 50-year-old woman with a large hepatic mass. A triple-phase computed tomography of the liver revealed an arterial enhancing lesion without portovenous washout at hepatic segment 4a/8. The liver biopsy showed hepatocellular characteristics and was positive for Hep Par 1, CK7, CK19, Arginase 1 and CEA, indicating atypical S-HCC. This patient had achieved tumor control with combined treatment with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and was then treated with lenvatinib after tumor progression. The patient died 15 months after the initial diagnosis.
The functional role of Nudt2 in human triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Abu-Rahmah Rasha , Nechushtan Hovav , Hidmi Sanaa , Meirovitz Amichay , Razin Ehud , Peretz Tamar
Published: April 2024

The main known function of Nudix hydrolase 2 (Nudt2) is to hydrolyze the secondary messenger diadenosine 5’, 5’’’-p1, p4-tetraphosphate (Ap4A). In this study we examined the role of Nudt2 in breast carcinoma through its expression in human invasive ductal carcinoma tissues, and its functions in human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. A significantly higher expression of Nudt2 was observed in human invasive ductal carcinoma tissues compared to that in normal breast tissue. Knockdown of Nudt2 in TNBC cell lines resulted in a significant reduction in cellular proliferation via the Ki67 marker, accompanied by G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, in the migration and invasion of these cells and in tumorigenicity and anchorage-independent growth. It can therefore be concluded that Nudt2 plays a significant role in promoting TNBC growth.
ALK-rearranged and EGFR wild-type lung adenocarcinoma transformed to small cell lung cancer: a case report
Authors: Chen Rui , Jian Yan , Liu Yuzhen , Xie Junping
Published: April 2024

Background

Cases of ALK-rearranged EGFR wild-type lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) transforming into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are rarely reported, and diagnosis is often delayed. The emergence of this transformation phenomenon is often regarded as a consequence of acquired resistance mechanisms.

Case presentation

A 47-year-old male diagnosed with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the right middle lung (pT2N2M0, stage IIIA) achieved a 46-month progression-free survival (PFS) following surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. During routine follow-up, tumor recurrence and metastasis was detected. Genetic testing revealed ALK rearrangement and wild-type EGFR, prompting treatment with ALK-TKIs. In May 2023, abdominal CT scans showed significant progression of liver metastases and abnormal elevation of the tumor marker NSE. Immunohistochemical results from percutaneous liver biopsy indicated metastatic SCLC.

Results

After resistance to ALK-TKIs and transformation to SCLC, the patient received chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for SCLC, but the patient’s disease progressed rapidly. Currently, the patient is being treated with albumin-bound paclitaxel in combination with oral erlotinib and remains stable.

Conclusion

Histological transformation emerges as a compelling mechanism of resistance to ALK-TKIs, necessitating the utmost urgency for repeat biopsies in patients displaying disease progression after resistance. These biopsies are pivotal in enabling the tailor-made adaptation of treatment regimens to effectively counteract the assorted mechanisms of acquired resistance, thus optimizing patient outcomes in the battle against ALK-driven malignancies.