bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protocolos de medicação pré e pós-operatória para cobertura radicular combinada com enxerto de tecido conjuntivo.
Authors: Oliveira Giorgetti Ana Paula , De Matos Rafaela , Corrêa Viana Casarin Renato , Prese Pimentel Suzana , Ribeiro Cirano Fabiano , Vieira Ribeiro Fernanda
Published: September 2020

Este estudo avaliou o efeito pré e pós-operatório de dexametasona e ibuprofeno na prevenção de dor / desconforto, edema e interferência na vida diária em pacientes submetidos à cobertura radicular combinada com enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial (CAF + CTG). Vinte pacientes foram aleatoriamente designados da seguinte forma: Grupo AINE: 400mg de ibuprofeno 60 min preemptivo + 400mg de ibuprofeno no pós-operatório; ou Grupo SAID: 4mg de dexametasona 60 min preemptiva + 4mg de dexametasona pós-operatória. A medicação pós-operatória foi administrada 8 e 16 horas após a cirurgia. Cada paciente recebeu questionários com base em uma escala numérica (escala numérica de 101 pontos [NRS-101]) e questões de múltipla escolha (escala de avaliação verbal de quatro pontos [VRS-4]) sobre dor / desconforto transoperatório, de hora em hora para 8 h após a cirurgia e uma vez por dia durante três dias. Também foi respondida a Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) para edema e interferência na vida diária durante o 1º, 2º, 3º e 7º dia. O grau de ansiedade foi avaliado estatisticamente pelo teste Qui-quadrado. Os testes de Mann-Whitney e Friedman foram usados ​​para os demais questionários. O tempo de cirurgia e o número de comprimidos analgésicos consumidos foram comparados usando o teste t de Student. Pacientes que fizeram uso de dexametasona apresentaram tendência a menos dor quando comparados aos indivíduos que ingeriram ibuprofeno, com diferença significativa observada três horas após o procedimento (p <0,05). O uso de dexametasona também promoveu menos edema até o 2º dia e menor interferência na vida diária no terceiro dia quando comparado ao ibuprofeno (p <0,05).
Effectiveness of Open Worksheet Based on Problems on Skills of Science Process and Creative Thinking of Junior High School Students
Authors: Yusi Ardiyanti  , Marsah Rahmawati Utami
Published: September 2020

The quality of education is a direct consequence of a change and development of learning at this time. To optimize learning that requires students to have science process skills and creative thinking (in accordance with 21st-century demands) it is necessary to develop more varied learning media. One way is to develop a problem-based open Worksheet that allows students to add information about a material systematically with reference to problem-based learning by covering several stages, including orienting students to problems, organizing students to learn, guiding individual investigations or group, develop and present data, and analyze and evaluate work results. That is expected to improve the skills mentioned above.
The Effect of Two Stay Two Stray Cooperative Model on Students' Mathematical Comprehension Ability in Elementary Schools
Authors: - Tarpan Suparman , Andes Safarandes Asmara  , Inda Yulistiawati
Published: September 2020

This research aims to determine the influence of the Koopertatif Type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) model on the mathematical understanding capabilities of elementary school students. This research was conducted at SDN Warung Bambu II East Karawang Sub-District of Karawang Regency. This research is a type of quantitative research. In this study, a sample of 30 people using Simple Random Sampling technique and divided into two groups, namely the experiment group and the control group. The research instruments used are multiple choice. The test is used to measure mathematical comprehension capabilities. The data analysis technique used is statistical calculation. The results of the multiple choice question test validity test in mathematics subjects were obtained 20 items of instruments that were declared valid from 30 instruments tested. The result of the rehab was a value of 0.97. Hypothetical test results, with a degree of signifiability between the Type Two Stay Two Stray cooperative model and the results of mathematical understanding capabilities. It is obtained thitung = 0.514 > ttabel 4,409) with sig = 0.000 > 0.05 and n = 30 indicates that the hypothesis is rejected. From the results of this study can be concluded that there is a perngaruh mathematical understanding capability that uses the Cooperative Model Type Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS).
Mental health night: A peer-led initiative
Authors: Kearney Hannah , Jones Becky , Dai Jia Hong , Burcul Ivana
Published: September 2020

We describe a peer-led mental health (MH) workshop that was held at the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine (Niagara Regional Campus) in collaboration with Student Affairs. Workshop aims included facilitating discussions among peers and engaging in case-based learning about MH experiences in medical school. Post-workshop, attendees reported increased comfort in talking to classmates about personal MH, recognizing MH crises, and asking for help from peers. We believe that engaging medical learners in MH discussions early on in medical education is critical, and that peer-led workshops may aid in decreasing future MH difficulties and burnout. Due to the low-cost of holding peer-led workshops, this event could be easily replicated at other training sites.
Immunity against SARS-CoV-2: walking to the vaccination
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández Carmen , Sanz Moreno Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus are a wide group of viruses among that the SARS-CoV-2 is included (family Coronaviridae, subfamily Coronavirinae, genus Betacoronavirus and subgenus Sarbecovirus). Its main structural proteins are the membrane (M), the envelope (E), the nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S). The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 involves the cellular and the humoral sides, with neutralizing antibodies fundamentally directed against the S antigen. Although the seroprevalence data are frequently assumed as protection markers, no necessarily they are. In Spain, it is estimated that, to assure the herd immunity, at least four-fifths of the population should be immunoprotected. Due the high fatality rate of COVID-19, the acquisition of the protection only by the natural infection it not assumable and other measures as the mass immunization are required. Currently, there are several vaccine prototypes (including life virus, viral vectors, peptides and proteins and nucleic acid) in different phase of clinical evaluation. Foreseeably, some of these news vaccines would be soon commercially available. In this text, aspects related to these issues are reviewed.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: pathophysiological mechanisms shared between the two faces of the same coin
Authors: Acierno Carlo , Caturano Alfredo , Pafundi Pia Clara , Nevola Riccardo , Adinolfi Luigi Elio , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo
Published: September 2020

The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the close relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are multiple, complex and only partially known. The purpose of this paper was to review the current knowledge of these mechanisms in a unified manner. Subjects with NAFLD and T2DM have established insulin resistance (IR), which exacerbates the two comorbidities. IR worsens NAFLD by increasing the accumulation of free fatty acids (FFAs) in the liver. This occurs due to an increase in the influx of FFAs from peripheral adipose tissue by the activation of hormone-sensitive lipase. In addition, there is de novo increased lipogenesis, a transcription factor, the sterols regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1c (SREBP-1c), which activates the expression of several genes strongly promotes lipogenesis by the liver and facilitate storage of triglycerides. Lipids accumulation in the liver induces a chronic stress in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes. Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic variants associated with NAFLD severity, but unrelated to IR. In particular, the alteration of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 contributes to the susceptibility to NAFLD. Furthermore, the lipotoxicity of ceramides and diacylglycerol, well known in T2DM, triggers a chronic inflammatory process favoring the progression from hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis. Reactive oxygen species produced by mitochondrial dysfunction trigger both liver inflammation and beta-cells damage, promoting the progression of both NAFLD and T2DM. The close association between NAFLD and T2DM is bidirectional, as T2DM may trigger both NAFLD onset and its progression, but NAFLD itself may contribute to the development of IR and T2DM. Future studies on the mechanisms will have to deepen the knowledge of the interaction between the two pathologies and should allow the identification of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of NAFLD, currently substantially absent.
Competitiveness of Higher Education in Ukraine and Certain EuropeanCountries: Empirical Studies on Funding and Academic Attractiveness
Authors: Kotina Hanna , Stepura Maryna , Fedosov Viktor , Hrysohlazov Denys , Bilinets Marina
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the competitiveness and funding of higher education in certain Eastern andCentral European countries. The development of higher education is characterized by certain shortcomings thatrequire the reform of higher education systems in such countries like Ukraine in the direction of ensuring theinnovative development of education and forms of its funding. The trend of recent years shows an increasedinterest of students in international mobility. Unfortunately, this process can positively and negatively affect theattractiveness and competitiveness of higher education in the home country. An idea of the article is to verifydoes the decline in demand for higher education in home countries could be driven by the level of competitivehigher education system or the costs of education, including the role of government quote on higher education.Secondly, determine the cause-effect relationships between the factors affecting the demand for higher educationin the country and abroad. The results of the research confirm the strong dependence of the competitiveness ofhigher education system on the existing form of its financing (the direction of using funds in favor of developmentcosts and the ratio of funding sources in the studied country) and academic attractiveness.
This Ain't Your Grandma's English
Authors: Gardner Scott
Published: September 2020

Words change. We use new words to describe old things, and we put new meanings on old words. Take “beddum and bolstrum” for example. For some of you that phrase might conjure up warm memories of spending the night at grandmother’s house after a day of frolicking with cousins in the meadow, and at bedtime hearing her call from the top of the staircase, “Beddum and bolstrum, kiddies!” . . . or it might not. In fact, beddum ond bolstrum (bedding materials) is made up of old Anglo-Saxon words that haven’t been used much since the late 1000s. Whatever grandma was shouting down the stairs, you must have heard it wrong.
Geochemical Criteria Of Ore Content Of Metasomatites Of The Urtalik Deposit (North Nuratau)
Authors: Jumaniyozov D.I. , Musayev A.M. , Nematullayev S.Y.
Published: September 2020

On the studied site of the Urtalik ore deposit, rare, rare-earth and polymetallic mineralization is shown. Rare elements zirconium and niobium can have restite character which gets a steady state at the recrystallization of ore-bearing minerals. At the same time a rare element zirconium and a rare-earth element ytterbium selectively concentrate in the zircon and apatite respectively.
Content Of Recreation Geography And Recreation Possibilities Of Turkestan-Nurota Mountain System
Authors: Kholmurodov Sakarbek
Published: September 2020

This article analyzes the content of the geography of recreation and the recreational potential of thelandscapes of the Turkestan-Nurata mountain range.
Pengembangan Handout Fisika Berbasis Team Assisted Individualization Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik SMA
Authors: Astuti Puji , Ashari Ashari , Kurniawan Eko Setyadi
Published: September 2020

Abstract – Research has been carried out on the development of team assisted individualization-based physics handouts to determine the feasibility of team-assisted individualization-based physics handouts developed, student responses after using the team-assisted individualization-based physics handouts that have been developed, and improvement in students' critical thinking skills. This type of research is a development that refers to the ADDIE development model, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 4 Purworejo with 32 research subjects. The instruments used in this study were validation sheets, student response questionnaires, learning achievement sheets, and learning achievement tests. Based on the research, the data obtained from the team-assisted individualization-based physics handout validation from three validators, namely two expert lecturers and physics teachers, received an overall score of 3.35, included in the good enough category and feasible to be used in the learning process. Students' responses to the physics-based handout team assisted individualization implementation phase obtained a percentage of 77.7% with a good category. Increased critical thinking skills of the application stage obtained an N-gain of 0.581 and included in the category of moderate improvement. Thus, a team assisted individualization-based physics handout developed in this study is categorized as good and suitable for use in learning and can improve students' critical thinking skills.
The Impact of Rapid Growth of Urbanization and Urbanism in Eastern Ethiopia, Challenge and Prospects
Authors: Telila Shambel Tufa
Published: September 2020

The intention of this paper is to investigate the impact of the rapid growth of urbanization and urbanism in Eastern Ethiopia, challenges and prospects. The researcher  used  qualitative  research  approaches and  primary and  secondary data collection  methods  that  largely  include  observations,  focus  group  discussion s, interviews. These are the principal methods to look into the etic view of the community  under  investigation.  The  paper  employs  only  a  qualitative  research method  to  examine  the  scenario  of  the  impact  of  rapid  urban  expansion  and challenges and prospects in this study. The empirical studies indicated that the urbanization process causes the dismantling of the immediate rural community and the cause of land grabbing from these societies. Therefore, this study utilizes to study the challenges and prospects of urbanization on the surrounding community immediately adjacent to urban areas. A number of studies indicated that urbanization causes both challenges and prospects in the area where the urbanization process is taking place. Nevertheless, the challenges and prospects of the urbanization on immediate to adjacent communities living in trouble and irritating for their future life. The standard this research finding disclosed that the living condition of the poor urban dwellers and community adjacent to urban areas who were not secured and stable. Even though they got some opportunities such as access to schooling social services markets and access to some important materials for survival. Still, th ese communities are challenged by the alarming rate growth urbanization that evoked impacts on the overall living patterns of these communities.
SYSTEM FOR TRACKING THE EFFICIENCY OF ECONOMIC COMPANIES IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES
Authors: Артемьева И.Л. , Ромашкевич П.С.
Published: September 2020

В статье рассматривается проблема оценки показателей эффективности компаний различных отраслей и родов деятельности. Дается обзор существующих систем аналогичной направленности для определения требований создаваемой системы. Определяются основные компоненты компании, влияющие на оценку эффективности и ставятся задачи, которые будет решать система.
RESILIENSI PADA LANSIA
Authors: Pragholapati Andria , Munawaroh Fitri
Published: September 2020

Psychologically, the elderly (elderly) is a phase of development that demands to be able to adjust to changes that occur physically and psychologically. Depression is a disease that often occurs among the elderly. To deal with stress, depression, and anxiety requires a resilient attitude. Every individual has the ability to be resilient naturally, but this must be nurtured and honed. This study aims to determine the picture of resilience in the elderly at the Social Protection Center in Tresna Wredha Ciparay.

This research uses quantitative descriptive method. The population in this study is the elderly at the Panti Wredha as many as 150 people. The number of samples in this study were 60 with slovin sampling techniques. Data collection using a questionnaire. The analysis used is univariate analysis. The results showed that the majority of elderly people at the Tresna Wredha Ciparay Social Protection Center had a high level of resilience.
PERBANDINGAN TERAPI MUSIK KLASIK DAN GENGGAM JARI TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI POST OPERASI APPENDIKTOMY
Authors: Wati Rinda Anugrah , Widyastuti Yuli , Istiqomah Nurul
Published: September 2020

An appendectomy is a surgical procedure performed to cut the inflamed appendix tissue. Appendectomy can cause tissue continuity and pain in the peripheral nervous system. Non-pharmacological pain management can use classical music therapy and finger grips. A preliminary study conducted in RSUD Kab. Karanganyar found the incidence of appendectomy in July-September 2019 as many as 48 patients. To find out the comparison of classical music therapy and finger grips on the reduction of postoperative appendectomy pain, a Quasi experimental research method was used with two group comparisons pretest-posttest design, with the sampling technique is accidental sampling. From the results based on the Wilcoxon test in the classical music therapy group and finger grasping, the p value was 0.038, because the p value was <0.05, there was a difference in pain intensity before and after being given classical music therapy and finger grips. The Mann-Whitney test in the pre-test group obtained each p value of 0.650, because the p value> 0.05, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in decreasing pain scale in postoperative appendectomy patients who are given finger grips and classical music. each of them has effectiveness in reducing post appendectomy pain. Classical music therapy and finger grips were equally effective in reducing postoperative pain in the appendectomy
Patient Preference between Private and Government Hospital in Hyderabad Region
Authors: Lakshmi Dr. B , Parthasarathi Dr. BNV , Jain Shubham , Bhalerao Monika , Saini Devanshi , Mishra Vatsala , Tiwari Gaurav , Rathee Pooja , Kareem Abdul , Nemuri Sowmya , Varma Janak , Kuchana Pavan
Published: September 2020

Health is most primary factor than money, if people are focused for the treatment of various disorders. As per NSSO report, 72% and 79% of rural and urban population using private hospital than government hospital even though private hospital having more cost of treatment than government hospital. Most of people are not using public hospitals mainly due to hygienic condition and low quality of their services. This paper basically deals with the patient perception towards the private and government hospitals in Hyderabad Region. The survey was done using a structured questionnaire for a sample size of 299 outpatients, out of which 130 female and 169 male patients. On basis of this data, we will analyze factor such as demographic, social and economic that responsible for choosing private and government hospital.
Growth Failure in Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia
Authors: Charles Ikegwuonu , Chuka Manyike , Obumneme Ezeanosike , Fortune Ujunwa , Emmanuel Onoh , Cordis Ikegwuonu
Published: September 2020

Abstract:-  Background Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited sickling disorders consequent upon abnormalities of haemoglobin synthesis. It is one of the common causes of retardation in both physical growth and sexual maturation in children, as a result of chronic anaemia and consequent hypoxia that occur in several organs.  Objectives To determine the anthropometric indices (weight, height and Body Mass Index) of children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and compare them with that of children with normal haemoglobin; haemoglobin AA (HbAA).
The Affecting Factors of Reject Bottles in Bottle Washing Machine
Authors: Indarto Denny Tjatur , Sulistyowati Niken
Published: September 2020

Technological developments and business today are in a very fierce competition, many companies are trying to become the fronliner of the market leaders of their products, therefore many companies are trying to find innovation and diversification to be different from the others. The quality parameter is one of the most important things for the development of the company's business, without maintaining quality it is impossible for the business to develop, and to run smoothly and generate optimum profit. This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of dirty bottle conditions, caustic concentration, contact time and temperature on reject bottles in bottle washing machines in relation to increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of production machines in a beverage company. This type of research is a causal associative explanation to determine the cause and effect relationship of several parameters and this study uses the measurement from several different parameters. This study uses SPSS version 23 software application to describe, analyze correlation and multiple regression of the effect of reject bottles. Based on the research results, it was found that a significant influence between the independent variables (bottle condition, caustic concentration, contact time and temperature) had an effect on the percentage of reject bottles, but of the four parameters the most significant parameter for reject bottles was the bottle condition factor. It is necessary to sort the condition of the bottles, the caustic concentration must be maintained, the caustic solution is deposited to remove impurities so as to improve its performance, longer contact times and high temperatures can increase the cleaning process so as to reduce bottle rejects.
The Influence of Intellectual Capital, Company Size and Profitability on Disclosure of Intellectual Capital and the Effect on Market Capitalization in Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Sitorus Handayani , Yahya Idhar , . Sirojuzilam
Published: September 2020

This study aims to examine intellectual capital, company size and profitability on intellectual capital disclosure and its effect on market capitalization in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2014-2018 period. The population in this study were all manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2014-2018. Of the 146 listed companies, 73 sample companies were selected using a purposive sampling method. The data used in this research is secondary data. The hypothesis in this study uses the t-test and F test. The results of hypothesis testing show that intellectual capital has no significant effect on disclosure of intellectual capital, company size has a positive and significant effect on disclosure of intellectual capital, profitability does not have a significant effect on disclosure of intellectual capital, the capital. Intellectual property does not have a significant effect on market capitalization, company size has a positive and significant effect on market capitalization, profitability has a positive and significant effect on market capitalization, intellectual capital disclosure has a positive and significant effect on market capitalization, and intellectual capital disclosure cannot mediate the effect of intellectual capital, firm size and profitability on market capitalization.
ASPECTS OF COMPLEXITY OF METAL-FIBROUS MICROSTRUCTURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE HEAT EXCHANGERS: ESTIMATION OF ADHESIVE STRENGTH
Authors: Chatys Rafał
Published: September 2020

The paper deals with aspects of the complexity of mechanical properties of porous structures made from copper fibers and fibers reinforced with copper meshes to assess the adhesive strength of the fibrous structure and the cohesion between the components of the tested elements used for the construction of heat exchangers. All of the tested samples were characterized by macroscopic open porosity. The internal structure of the obtained connections was analyzed by metallographic techniques. Statistical relations of the connections made between the layers have been provided. The side effects of the production technology related to the “hydrogen disease” of copper have been discussed.
POSITIVE EMOTIONS AND EMPLOYEES’ PROTECTION-MOTIVATED BEHAVIOURS: A MODERATED MEDIATION MODEL
Authors: Zhen Jie , Xie Zongxiao , Dong Kunxiang
Published: September 2020

This study explores the relationship between positive emotions and protection-motivated behaviours by focusing on the mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderating role of information security awareness. Based on a sample of 215 full-time employees from various organizations in China, the results of hierarchical regression and moderated path analysis indicate that positive emotions positively influence protection-motivated behaviours, and self-efficacy partially mediates this relationship. In addition, information security awareness has a positive moderating effect on the relationships between positive emotions and self-efficacy and between self-efficacy and protectionmotivated behaviours. Furthermore, the findings show that information security awareness has a positive moderating effect on the mediating effect of self-efficacy between positive emotions and protection-motivated behaviours. The theoretical and practical implications of these results, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.
The Outburst of the Young Star Gaia19bey
Authors: Hodapp Klaus W. , Denneau Larry , Tucker Michael , Shappee Benjamin J. , Huber Mark E. , Payne Anna V. , Do Aaron , Lin Chien-Cheng , Connelley Michael S. , Varricatt Watson P. , Tonry John , Chambers Kenneth , Magnier Eugene
Published: September 2020

We report photometry and spectroscopy of the outburst of the young stellar object Gaia19bey. We have established the outburst light curve with archival Gaia “G,” ATLAS “Orange,” Zwicky Transient Facility r-band, and Pan-STARRS “rizy”-filter photometry, showing an outburst of ~4 yr duration, longer than typical EX Lupi objects but shorter than FU Orionis objects. Its pre-outburst spectral energy distribution shows a flat far-infrared spectrum, confirming the early evolutionary state of Gaia19bey and its similarity to other deeply embedded young stars experiencing outbursts. A lower limit to the peak outburst luminosity is ~182

at an assumed distance of 1.4 kpc, the minimum plausible distance. Infrared and optical spectroscopy near maximum light show an emission line spectrum, including H i lines, strong red Ca ii emission, other metal emission lines, infrared CO bandhead emission, and a strong infrared continuum. Toward the end of the outburst, the emission lines have all but disappeared and the spectrum has changed into an almost pure continuum spectrum. This indicates a cessation of magnetospheric accretion activity. The near-infrared colors have become redder as Gaia19bey has faded, indicating a cooling of the continuum component. Near the end of the outburst, the only remaining strong emission lines are forbidden shock-excited emission lines. Adaptive optics integral-field spectroscopy shows the H2 1–0 S(1) emission with the morphology of an outflow cavity and the extended emission in the [Fe ii] line at 1644 nm with the morphology of an edge-on disk. However, we do not detect any large-scale jet from Gaia19bey.
Two Episodes of a Filament Eruption from a Fan-spine Magnetic Configuration
Authors: Yang Jiayan , Hong Junchao , Li Haidong , Jiang Yunchun
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we present detailed observations of a filament eruption associated with a B6.0 flare, a jet-like coronal mass ejection (CME), and a type-III radio burst on 2013 March 2. The filament, which is located at the northwest edge of active region (AR) 11183, experienced a partial and then a full eruption. Each episode of the filament eruption produced a circular flare ribbon and a blowout jet, which is a mixture of hot and cool plasma that can be observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Extrapolated coronal magnetic configuration using both the potential field source surface and the nonlinear force-free magnetic field models shows that the filament is embedded in a fan-spine magnetic topology. Considering the photospheric magnetic evolution, we suggest that the first episode of the filament eruption (partial eruption) is caused by the continuous photospheric magnetic flux cancellation below its western segment, while the eruption that follows results from the reduction of magnetic constraint above the filament in the aftermath of the first eruption episode and reconnection. Combining the observations with the extrapolated coronal magnetic configuration, we find that the event is an example that fits the null-point reconnection scenario. Our event is a result of null-point reconnection (interchange reconnection) between a closed filament magnetic field and the ambient open field at the edge of an AR, thus it has implications for the source of the slow speed solar wind and the source of the cold and dense plasma detected within.
Testing Comptonization as the Origin of the Continuum in Nonmagnetic Cataclysmic Variables: The Photon Index of X-Ray Emission
Authors: Maiolino T. , Titarchuk L. , D’Amico F. , Cheng Z. Q. , Wang W. , Orlandini M. , Frontera Filippo
Published: September 2020

The X-ray spectra of nonmagnetic cataclysmic variables (nmCVs) in the ∼0.3–15 keV energy band have been described by either one or several optically thin thermal plasma components or by cooling flow models. We tested whether the spectral continuum in nmCVs could be successfully described by Comptonization of soft photons off hot electrons presented in a cloud surrounding the source (the transition layer (TL)). We used public XMM-Newton EPIC-pn, Chandra HETG/ACIS and LETG/HRC, and RXTE PCA and HEXTE observations of four dwarf novae (U Gem, SS Cyg, VW Hyi, and SS Aur) observed in the quiescent and outburst states. In total, we analyzed 18 observations, including a simultaneous 0.4–150 keV Chandra/RXTE spectrum of SS Cyg in quiescence. We fitted the spectral continuum with up to two thermal Comptonization components (the compTT or compTB models in XSPEC) using only one thermal plasma temperature and one optical depth. In this framework, the two seed photon components are presumably coming from the innermost and outer parts of the TL (or innermost part of the disk). We obtained that the thermal Comptonization can successfully describe the spectral continuum of these nmCVs in the ∼0.4–150 keV energy band. Moreover, we present the first principal radiative transfer model that explains the quasi-constancy of the spectral photon index observed around 1.8, which strongly supports the Comptonization framework in nmCVs.
The Dynamical State of the Frontier Fields Galaxy Cluster Abell 370
Authors: Molnar Sandor M. , Ueda Shutaro , Umetsu Keiichi
Published: September 2020

We study the dynamics of Abell 370 (A370), a highly massive Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy cluster, using self-consistent three-dimensional N-body/hydrodynamical simulations. Our simulations are constrained by X-ray, optical spectroscopic and gravitational lensing, and Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect observations. Analyzing archival Chandra observations of A370 and comparing the X-ray morphology to the latest gravitational lensing mass reconstruction, we find offsets of ∼30 and ∼100 kpc between the two X-ray surface brightness peaks and their nearest mass surface density peaks, suggesting that it is a merging system, in agreement with previous studies. Based on our dedicated binary cluster merger simulations, we find that initial conditions of the two progenitors with virial masses of

and

, an infall velocity of 3500 km s−1, and an impact parameter of 100 kpc can explain the positions and the offsets between the peaks of the X-ray emission and mass surface density, the amplitude of the integrated SZ signal, and the observed relative line-of-sight velocity. Moreover, our best model reproduces the observed velocity dispersion of cluster member galaxies, which supports the large total mass of A370 derived from weak lensing. Our simulations strongly suggest that A370 is a post major merger after the second core passage in the infalling phase, just before the third core passage. In this phase, the gas has not settled down in the gravitational potential well of the cluster, which explains why A370 does not follow closely the galaxy cluster scaling relations.
Compaction of Porous H2O Ice via Energetic Electrons
Authors: Behr Patrick R. , Tribbett Patrick D. , Robinson Tyler D. , Loeffler Mark J.
Published: September 2020

Here we have investigated the degree to which energetic electrons cause structural changes in microporous H2O ice using infrared and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy as analytical tools. In these studies, we found that energetic electrons destroy both the dangling bond (DB) absorption bands, indicative of internal surface area, and the internal porosity of our samples. In addition, we find it takes about a factor of 3 higher fluence to decrease the internal pore volume by 63.2% than it does the internal surface area, which is likely because the surface area decreases by both destruction of the internal pores and also by smaller pores coalescing into large ones. Extrapolating our results to the interstellar medium (ISM), we estimate that the time needed for these processes to occur is significantly shorter than the expected lifetime of a molecular cloud, leading us to speculate that future detections of the DB absorption bands or other indicators of porosity in the ISM will be relatively rare.
Optimal Closure of Medial Canthal Surgical Defects with Rhomboid Flaps: "Rules of Thumb" for Flap and Rhomboid Defect Orientations
Authors: Shotton Frank T
Published: September 2020

SUMMARY

The Limberg rhomboid flap previously has not been recommended for closing medial canthal surgical skin defects. But it may be the method of choice if the handle of the resulting dipper-shaped scar is hidden in the natural skin crease at the root of the nose, or when located in an extension of the nasolabial fold crease. A simplified method of ascertaining the alternative flap and defect orientations and direction of the associated maximum tension vector is described.
The Effect of English Vocabulary Learning with Digital Games and its Influencing Factors based on the Meta- Analysis of 2,160 Test Samples
Authors: Wu Qing , Zhang Jingwei , Wang Chuanyi
Published: September 2020

This study was conducted to test the effects of digital games on Asian students’ English vocabulary learning. Data used in this study were collected from Web of Science (WoS) and Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) from 2008 to 2018. A meta-analysis was performed to minimize heterogeneity between studies. The data were analyzed and visualized according to effect sizes. The results of this study showed that digital games played a significant role in promoting Asian students’ English vocabulary learning. This study also examined five factors that influenced students’ English vocabulary learning, including learning stage, game-aided teaching method, native language background, game platform, and game scenario. Effects of these factors were compared by referring to the standards for effect sizes. The result indicated that native language background had the most prominent impact, while negative transfer of native language hindered the vocabulary learning of Asian students. The effects of game platform, game-aided teaching method, and game scenario were not significant. The implication of this study is that creating context-based, high-quality educational games is a promising approach to promote Asian students’ English language learning.
Assessing the Intensity of the Usability of the Course Content within the Virtual Learning Environment
Authors: Obonya Juraj , Kadlečík Miroslav
Published: September 2020

Nowadays, education is a complex process that has many advantages. This is obvi-ously proven, as there are high demands on skills in today’s world. Therefore, it is a good approach to acquire this knowledge during the studies. Therefore, the re-quirement is aimed at the constantly improving and acquiring new experiences. In order to meet as many of these parameters as possible, it is important that we have an appropriately structured environment for students. The teaching process can be interpreted in several ways. In our research, we focus mainly on teaching through e-learning systems. Obviously, these supporting systems have many advanced func-tionalities to help make the whole learning process much easier to understand. In our work, we focus on methods and approaches by which we can evaluate student be-haviour and we can measure the justified course settings. We explored various man-agerial settings inside a concrete course structure. Subsequently there will be statistical evaluation of already cleaned and preprocessed data from the system. At the same time, based on these statistical confirmations, we can propose a set of methodologi-cal recommendations for the teacher, which will help us to improve the quality and effectiveness of the teaching process.
The Impact of Flipped Project-Based Learning on Self-Regulation in Higher Education
Authors: Zarouk Mohamed Yassine , Olivera Eugénio , Peres Paula , Khaldi Mohamed
Published: September 2020

Student-centered learning approaches such as project-based learning and flipped classroom stress the active role of the learner by applying knowledge rather than absorbing knowledge, and preparing higher education students for professional development. Student-centered learning environments are more effective when students regulate their learning and learn autonomously. There-fore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of a proposed ap-proach of flipped project-based learning on various facets of students' self-regulated learning, including motivational beliefs and learning strategies in higher education. A flipped project-based learning environment was designed and developed to improve students’ self-regulated learning skills. In this regard, multiple case studies were conducted according to a pretest-posttest quasi-experiment design to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed approach by four groups of students from different disciplines. The study employed a mixed-method research approach for data collection. Overall, the results re-vealed that the flipped project-based learning approach significantly enhanced students’ self-regulated learning skills. It was found that the approach fostered the students’ self-regulation performance among different groups across dif-ferent disciplines and levels.
Moreover, participants also claimed that the approach was useful and ef-fective. The findings indicated that students who actively engaged within flipped PBL activities demonstrated increases in cognitive and metacognitive functioning both individually and collaboratively. This study contributes to an advance in the understanding of how the development of SRL can be inte-grated into a flipped project-based learning environment in higher education.
The Formation of Intercultural Communicative Competence of Future Teachers in a Trilingual Educational Environment
Authors: Tleubay Sandugash , Nurzhanova Gulmira , Ybyshova Saltanat , Abdigulova Saltanat , Mankesh Aksaule , Kerimbekov Toktar , Ualikhanuly Abylaikhan
Published: September 2020

This study was conducted on the junction of Cultural Linguistics, Methodology and Pedagogy. As the issue of foreign language teaching by implying cognitive lingua-cultural aspects and competence based approach in the formation of intercultural communicative competence for the requirements of the globalizing world is relatively new, the topic can be characterized by a high level of availability. This paper provides an overview of the aspects to foreign language teaching in the formation of intercultural communicative competence and it investigates the following areas: the place and importance of gaining Intercultural communicative competence in foreign language teaching to overcome misbehavior, misunderstanding arising from the cultural and mentality diversity of the people from different lingua-cultural background for cross-cultural and intercultural interaction and communication; contribution to development of cultural based exercises and activities for the aim of intercultural communicative development according to European Union Competence reference.
Key Success Factors of e-Learning Implementation in Higher Education
Authors: Priatna Tedi , Maylawati Dian Sa'adillah , Sugilar Hamdan , Ramdhani Muhammad Ali
Published: September 2020

This study aims to analyse the Key Success Factors (KSFs) of e-learning implementation, so that e-learning can work well and provide maximum benefits for learning activities process in higher education. The method used in this research is begin from investigate the determinant factors based on the results of literature studies and survey techniques. To obtain a more in-depth analysis, then the factors are weighted using the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) method. The results showed that the determinant factors that need to be used as the main consideration in the implementation of e-learning at higher education are organizational factors, technology, and human resources. The dominant factor that needs attention in realizing the effectiveness of the implementation of e-learning in higher education is the organizational aspect which is realized in the form of creating a work culture and setting policies that are binding on the academic community to carry out e-learning.
Big Data Application and its Impact on Education
Authors: Khan Shakir , Alqahtani Salihah
Published: September 2020

Big data is employed in widely different fields; we here study how education uses big data. We review the literature of the research about big data in education in the time interval from 2010 to 2020 then review the process of big educational data mining, the tools, and the applications of big data in education. This paper, with the help of these applications, explores the idea to improve the education process. Two methods are applied to validate education process and many parameters are discussed to complete the research.
Trends in MOOCs Research: Analysis of Educational Technology Journals
Authors: Abdelghani Babori
Published: September 2020

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have received a great deal of interest from educational institutions and private enterprises. Hence, several empirical studies and reviews have been produced. They will be at the heart of the synthesis presented in this article, which reviews the research objects, the analytical frameworks mobilized and the methodologies adopted in the research produced specifically between January 2012 and January 2018. The trends were identified by a review of 36 selected peer reviewed journals. 100 studies were retained after quality assessment. The results show that research questions focused primarily on learning processes followed by design of MOOCs, learning experience and predictors of retention. A variety of frameworks have been adopted in empirical studies. Questionnaires were used as primary collection method and descriptive statistics were the preferred treatment processes.
An Evaluation Model for the Cultivation and Improvement of the Innovation Ability of College Students
Authors: Wang Kechuang , Yan Chuankui
Published: September 2020

In modern times, the innovation ability of college students is a focus of college education. However, the cultivation and improvement of this ability are constrained by many factors, and the ability is too complex to be evaluated accurately. To solve the problems, this paper puts forward an extension model suitable for evaluating the cultivation and improvement of the said ability. Firstly, the research problem was defined clearly as the evaluation of the cultivation and improvement for the innovation ability of college students. Based on the extension theory, an evaluation model was established for the cultivation and improvement of the said ability, the workflow of model implementation was explained, and the corresponding evaluation algorithm was designed in details. Finally, the proposed model and algorithm were proved operable through case analysis. The research results provide support to the solution of complex systematic decision-making problems.
Analysis on Management of Job Burnout of Counselors in Chinese Colleges Based on Game Theory
Authors: Wang Xiaolei , Zhang Ruoxuan , Li Zengxin , Chen Junlong
Published: September 2020

In Chinese colleges, counselors need to simultaneously engage in teaching and management. The dual responsibilities make them probe to job burnout. To solve the problem, this paper puts forward assumptions about the behavior, income, and cost of counselors, and sets up a game model of burnout governance for college counselors. On this basis, the game between the college and counselors was analyzed under multiple scenarios: the two parties make completely independent decisions; the college is the first mover in the decision-making—— namely the equilibrium of the mixed strategy. Suppose a few colleges decide to improve the counselor management system. Based on the evolutionary game model, the authors discussed the influence of the improvement on all the colleges. The results show that the rational choices of the two parties should be “the college reforms the counselor management system”, while “the counselors work actively and avoid job burnout”; if a few colleges decide to improve the counselor management system, all the other colleges will follow suit, which leads to an improvement of efficient incentive system for college counselors. The research results provide a good reference for the burnout governance of college counselors.