bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender on the mind? Gender heuristics and rationalizations in candidate evaluations
Authors: Rohrbach Tobias , Schönhagen Philomen
Published: September 2024

As more women enter politics, public and scholarly narratives about the extent and nature of gender bias in mediated campaigning environments diversify. Yet there is still little understanding of how voters substantively think about gender in their evaluations of women and men candidates and how voters' thoughts are affected by different types of media coverage. Drawing on literature on gender stereotyping and rationalization, this paper distinguishes two roles in which gender manifests in the candidate evaluation process—as a heuristic and as a rationalization. We empirically investigate these different ways in which gender affects voters' thoughts following neutral and contextually rich candidate stimuli by means of a mixed methods think aloud study. The results show that voters think less—but more positively—about substantive aspects of women's political profiles. These favorable thoughts include heuristic inferences of communal traits for women but not men candidates. Moreover, we find that voter rationalizations involve gender as ex post vote justifications and socially desirable drivers of candidate evaluations. Together, the findings not only showcase the complex roles of gender in voters' candidate evaluations but also the importance of considering the normative context in which vote decisions take place.
Moral portraits: Understanding world leaders with moral foundations theory
Authors: Mills Brent
Published: September 2024

Although scholars have long understood the importance of psychology in international affairs, morality has often been overlooked as a factor in world leaders' decision‐making. This article seeks to fill this gap by introducing a new analytical tool: the moral portrait, a descriptive summary of a leader's moral values. The tool is built on the five cross‐cultural values of Moral Foundations Theory (Care, Fairness, Loyalty, Authority, and Sanctity) and the methodological approach of operational code. As a case study, the moral portrait of Russian President Vladimir Putin is inferred from his rhetoric, policies, and decisions. Putin's moral portrait, specifically his interpretations of the Fairness, Loyalty, and Authority values, can help explain many of his views and actions, including his decision to launch a full‐scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
WOX11‐mediated cell size control in Arabidopsis attenuates growth and fecundity of endoparasitic cyst nematodes
Authors: Guarneri Nina , Willig Jaap‐Jan , Willemsen Viola , Goverse Aska , Sterken Mark G. , Nibbering Pieter , Lozano Torres José L. , Smant Geert
Published: September 2024

Cyst nematodes establish permanent feeding structures called syncytia inside the host root vasculature, disrupting the flow of water and minerals. In response, plants form WOX11‐mediated adventitious lateral roots at nematode infection sites. WOX11 adventitious lateral rooting modulates tolerance to nematode infections; however, whether this also benefits nematode parasitism remains unknown. Here, we report on bioassays using a 35S::WOX11‐SRDX transcriptional repressor mutant to investigate whether WOX11 adventitious lateral rooting promotes syncytium development and thereby female growth and fecundity. Moreover, we chemically inhibited cellulose biosynthesis to verify if WOX11 directly modulates cell wall plasticity in syncytia. Finally, we performed histochemical analyses to test if WOX11 mediates syncytial cell wall plasticity via reactive oxygen species (ROS). Repression of WOX11‐mediated transcription specifically enhanced the radial expansion of syncytial elements, increasing both syncytium size and female offspring. The enhanced syncytial hypertrophy observed in the 35S::WOX11‐SRDX mutant could be phenocopied by chemical inhibition of cellulose biosynthesis and was associated with elevated levels of ROS at nematode infection sites. We, therefore, conclude that WOX11 restricts radial expansion of nematode‐feeding structures and female growth and fecundity, likely by modulating ROS‐mediated cell wall plasticity mechanisms. Remarkably, this novel role of WOX11 in plant cell size control is distinct from WOX11 adventitious lateral rooting underlying disease tolerance.
БИОРЕКУЛЬТИВАЦИЯ ПОЛИГОНОВ ТВЕРДЫХ БЫТОВЫХ ОТХОДОВ
Authors: Курманбаева А.С. , Баязитова З.Е. , Сафронова Н.М.
Published: September 2024

Проблема рекультивации мусорных полигонов является одной из наиболее актуальных в мире, поскольку основная масса твердых бытовых отходов (далее, ТБО) в мире и в том числе в Казахстане не перерабатывается, а хранится на полигонах. Между тем, создание и эксплуатация мусорных полигонов оказывает негативное влияние на состояние окружающей среды. Органические и неорганические материалы при распаде выделяют в атмосферу, почву и грунтовые воды различные токсичные вещества. Всё это сказывается на биоразнообразии и здоровье населения. Кроме того, земля, выделенная на нужды полигонов, отчуждается от землепользования.
В современных исследованиях технология фиторемедиации для проведения рекультивационных работ на полигонах рассматривается как наиболее перспективная, экономичная и экологически безопасная. Наиболее предпочтительными для рекультивационных работ с использованием фиторемедиантов, по мнению исследователей, являются локальные дикорастущие виды растений, обладающие высокими адаптационными способностями на антропогенно нарушенных территориях, с высоким уровнем загрязненности. В связи с этим, был разработан проект, направленный на рекультивацию действующего полигона города Кокшетау с использованием местной флоры.
Одной из основных задач при разработке технологии фиторемедиации в процессах рекультивации полигонов является подбор растений. Были проведены геоботанические исследования полигона ТБО. Наибольшее количество видов отмечено для семейств Астровые (Asteraceae), Маревые (Chenopodiaceae) и Мятликовые (Poaceae). Установлено, что основную часть видового разнообразия составляют рудеральные и сорные растения. В то же время, на некоторых участках отмечался рост культурных растений, таких как подсолнечник однолетний. Древесных растений не обнаружено.
Для подбора растений-биоаккумуляторов тяжелых металов, обладающих способностью накапливать загрязняющие вещества в надземной массе, и в дальнейшем формирующих почвенный травостой на закрытом полигоне ТБО по литературным источникам рекомендованы следующие виды растений: Подсолнечник однолетний (Helianthus annuus L.), Клевер ползучий (Trifolium repens L.), Люцерна изменчивая (Medicago sativa L.), Козлятник восточный (Galeqa orientalis  Lam.), Пырей ползучий (Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. Ex Nevski), Тысячелистник обыкновенный (Achillea millefolum L.), Житняк гребенчатый (Agropyron cristatum L.), Мятлик луговой (Poa pratensis L.).
Исследование финансируется Комитетом науки Министерства Науки и Высшего образования Республики Казахстан. Грантовое финансирование научных и (или) научно-технических проектов на 2024-2026 годы со сроком реализации 36 месяцев. Тема проекта: Разработка технологии рекультивации закрытого полигона твердых бытовых отходов Акмолинской области с помощью создания модели искусственных фитоценозов. Проект ИРН: AP23487981.
ФАКТОРЫ АДГЕЗИИ БАКТЕРИЙ BIFIDOBACTERIUM LONGUM
Authors: Морозова А.Н. , Головнева Н.А. , Рябая Н.Е. , Самарцев А.А.
Published: September 2024

Ключевой характеристикой пробиотических микроорганизмов является способность к адгезии, так как в естественных условиях поверхность эпителия кишечника является местом взаимодействия между организмом хозяина и его микробиотой. Высокая адгезивная способность бифидобактерий в условиях ЖКТ составляет основу конкуренции с условно-патогенными и патогенными микроорганизмами за сайты связывания с эпителиальными клетками. Механизмы адгезии бактерий к эпителию кишечника не полностью понятны, однако известны различные поверхностные структуры, такие как фимбрии, пили, капсулы, которые принимают участие в адгезивных процессах. Также важную роль в адгезии играют экзополисахариды, которые образуют барьер вокруг клетки и способствуют прикреплению бифидобактерий к поверхности эпителия.
Объектом исследования являлся штамм B. longum БИМ B-813 Д из коллекции непатогенных микроорганизмов Института микробиологии НАН Беларуси.
Для изучения адгезивных свойств B. longum БИМ B-813Д были разработаны модельные эксперименты в условиях in vitro, на основании формирования биопленок в полистироловом луночном планшете. Для выявления способности к адгезии бифидобактерии выращивали в среде MRS в анаэробных условиях. Окрашивание сформированных в процессе культивирования биопленок проводили по модифицированной методике Теца. Установлено, что наиболее эффективная адгезия происходит у 48-часовой культуры, а также у лиофилизированных клеток бифидобактерий.
Молекулярно-генетический анализ геномной последовательности B. longum БИМ B‑813Д (код доступа CP060493.1 в базе данных ГенБанк НЦБИ США) выявил генетические локусы, позволяющие установить потенциальную способность изучаемой культуры к адгезии. Определены гены, кодирующие препилинпептидазу, которая отвечает за синтез и созревание пилей адгезии; гены транспептидазных сортаз (класса Е и С), предназначенных для полимеризации субъединиц пилина на поверхности бактерий. Выявлен ген gap, кодирующий глицеральдегид-3-фосфатдегирогеназу, которая способствует адгезии бифидобактерий с клетками эпителия кишечника. Также определен локус, кодирующий триозофосфатизомеразу, которая может связываться с рецепторами на поверхности эпителиальных клеток. У B. longum БИМ B‑813Д обнаружен ген глутаминсинтетазы, кодирующий фермент, который способен ассоциироваться с плазминогеном. Установлено наличие генов шаперона DnaK, который способствует превращению плазминогена в фибринолитический плазмин и, при помощи связывания с другими белками на поверхности эпителия хозяина, участвует в адгезии и инвазии бифидобактерий к эпителию кишечника.
Таким образом, экспериментально подтверждена способность клеток B. longum БИМ B‑813Д к адгезии, позволяющая конкурировать с патогенами за сайты связывания на слизистой эпителия кишечника. А также представлена информация о генетических детерминантах B. longum БИМ B-813Д, кодирующих белки, предположительно участвующие в адгезии бифидобактерий с эпителиальным клеткам кишечника.
РАЗРАБОТКА УПАКОВОЧНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ПОЛИСАХАРИДОВ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Рысмухамбетова Г.Е. , Белоглазова К.Е , Карпунина Л.В.
Published: September 2024

В настоящее время во всем мире ведется поиск безопасных, технологических и дешевых упаковочных материалов для различных товаров и продуктов. В ходе проведенных исследований были разработаны защитные среды с целью применения их в различных отраслях АПК. Для создания безопасных упаковочных материалов использовали полисахариды бактериального, растительного и животного происхождения, а именно, ксантан, который выполнял роль загустителя, карбоксиметилцеллюлоза (КМЦ) в качестве структурообразователя и хитозан с целью предотвращения развития микроорганизмов и пролонгирования сроков хранения упакованного продукта. Кроме того, использовали жироподобные вещества: соевый лецитин как стабилизатор и глицерин в качестве пластификатора.
В результате были запатентованы упаковочные материалы: № 2436402 C1 от 20.12.2011 «Защитная среда для хранения очищенных овощей»; № 2532180 C1 от 27.10.2014 «Пищевое пленочное покрытие» и № 2662008 C1 от 27.07.2018 «Биоразлагаемое пищевое пленочное покрытие». Упаковочные материалы наносили различными способами: погружение, оборачивание, кистью и распыление.
Метод погружения использовали для хранения картофеля в подготовленных растворах защитных сред, что позволяло исключить вымывание крахмала из клубнеплода при его хранении и обрабатывать практически все сорта без калибровки.
Для оборачивания, нанесения кистью и распыления применяли уже более концентрированные растворы защитных сред, представляющие собой однородный, прозрачный, студнеобразный гель, который при застывании образовывал пленку. Полученные плёночные покрытия превосходили по некоторым физическим свойствам и пищевую коммерческую пленку.
Установлено, что образцы продуктов с нанесенными растворами данных упаковочных материалов обладали лучшими органолептическими показателями с пролонгированными сроками хранения.
Применение упаковочных материалов в виде пленочных покрытий, способствовало сокращению потери массы при замораживании плодоовощной продукции от 6 % до 37 %, хлебобулочных и кондитерских изделий на 2 %, мясного и рыбного сырья на 5 - 6 %, а также
замедлению роста и развитию микроорганизмов, например, у плодоовощной продукции с 12 до 24 месяцев; хлебобулочных и кондитерских изделий с 48 часов до 72 часов; мясного и рыбного сырья с 48 до 120 и с 24 до 48 часов соответственно.
Данные упаковочные материалы способны полностью разлагаться в почве через 7 суток.
Таким образом, было установлено, что разработанные упаковочные материалы, созданные на основе полисахаридов, оказывают положительное влияние на продукты питания; являются экологически безопасными, т. е. являются конкурентоспособными и в перспективе могут найти применение для хранения сельскохозяйственных продуктов.
Study on the Mechanical Device, Control System, and Sensor of Biaxial Actuated Artificial Anal Sphincter Actuator for Treating Fecal Incontinence
Authors: Hua Fangfang , Yan Guozheng , Han Ding , Wang Lichao
Published: September 2024

Conventional artificial anal sphincter (AAS) did not have the capability to detect intestinal pressure, which may lead to ischemic necrosis at the clamping site or incomplete fecal release. The biaxial actuated artificial anal sphincter (BAAS) was capable of emulating the functions of the internal and external anal sphincters as well as the puborectalis in regulating defecation. Additionally, it provided real-time feedback on intestinal pressure information and aided in restoring the patient's sensation of defecation. The performance of the actuator was pivotal to the defecation control process within the BAAS, directly influencing its efficacy. Based on the human defecation mechanisms, the BAAS actuator designed in this study comprised primarily mechanical device, control system, and sensor module (SM). The mechanical device was responsible for executing the defecation operation. The control system facilitated information collection, transmission, processing, and storage. It controlled the actions of the mechanical device and established communication with an external controller. The sensor module quantified intestinal pressure and aided patients in regaining a sense of normal defecation. Finally, through tests evaluated sealing performance, mechanical performance, and clamping capability of the BAAS actuator, it was confirmed that the BAAS achieved an IPx8 waterproof rating. When a stall current of 0.615 A, the BAAS actuator generated an output force of 11.65 N, satisfying the clamping requirements of the BAAS system. The BAAS actuator had a maximum control volume of approximately 450 mL and an anorectal angle less than 90 deg, which met the requirements of in vivo experiment. This study provided guidance for a new generation of AAS.
Latent Pitfalls in Microstructure-Based Modeling for Thermally Aged 9Cr-1Mo-V Steel (Grade 91)
Authors: Ren Weiju
Published: September 2024

A case study was conducted on a mechanistic model development that predicted tensile strength deterioration with thermal aging of 9Cr-1Mo-V steel in supporting the 60-year design life expected for advanced nuclear reactors. For property prediction beyond practical testing times, mechanistic modeling is highly desired, as it taps into the physics of structure–property relationships and therefore can generate reliable results for extrapolation. Meanwhile, as mechanistic models are often complicated, reflecting the intricacy of microstructure and strengthening mechanisms, pitfalls that are difficult to detect often exist. This paper discusses latent pitfalls that are common in mechanistic modeling or specific in this 9Cr-1Mo-V case development through using the American Society of Mechanical Engineers verification and validation in computational solid mechanics (ASME V&V 10) standard for evaluating credibility of modeling in materials engineering. Suggestions are also made for enhancing reliability of microstructure-based modeling.
Contribution of MicroFlow imaging in the diagnosis of cystic artery pseudoaneurysm including weak turbulent flow
Authors: Akin Isil Basara , Altay Canan , Gülcü Aytaç , Men Süleyman
Published: September 2024

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The spin correlation of fermion pairs created by a Kerr black hole gravitational potential
Authors: Dai De-Chang
Published: September 2024

We study the properties of massive fermions created and scattered by a rotating Kerr black hole. The helicities of the scattered fermions can vary during propagation. A fermion with a right-handed helicity can become either right or left-handed after interacting with the gravitational potential. This implies that measuring characteristics of an escaping particle is insufficient to reconstruct all the characteristics of its infalling partner. This further means the helicities of a particle pair created by the gravitational potential are not fully entangled. Since spin and helicity share many common features, it is likely that the same is true for spins of spontaneously created particles.
Towards High Performance QNNs via Distribution-Based CNOT Gate Reduction
Authors: Sistla Manojna , Liu Yiding , Fu Xin
Published: September 2024

Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) are one of the most promising applications that can be implemented on NISQ-era quantum computers. In this study, we observe that QNNs often suffer from gate redundancy, which hugely declines the performance and accuracy of the network. Even state-of-the-art architecture search techniques like
QuantumNAS
do not completely alleviate this problem. Especially, we find that CNOT gates are major contributors to the execution delay and noise in quantum circuits, and there are many redundant CNOT gates in the QNN post-training. This motivates us to propose a novel distribution-based greedy-search circuit optimization technique that can be employed after the completion of the training process. Our technique significantly reduces the number of CNOT gates in QNNs without affecting the accuracy of the network. With this technique, we have achieved an average of 3× improvement in execution time while reaching a maximum of 12.4× improvement.
Weight-Based Privacy-Preserving Asynchronous SplitFed for Multimedia Healthcare Data
Authors: Stephanie Veronika , Khalil Ibrahim , Atiquzzaman Mohammed
Published: September 2024

Multimedia significantly enhances modern healthcare by facilitating the analysis and sharing of diverse data, including medical images, videos, and sensor data. Integrating AI for multimedia data classification shows promise in improving healthcare services, data analysis, and decision-making. However, ensuring privacy in AI-integrated healthcare systems remains a challenge, especially with data continuously transmitted over networks. Synchronous Federated Learning (FL) is designed to address these privacy concerns by allowing end devices to collaboratively train a machine learning model without sharing data. Nonetheless, FL alone does not fully resolve privacy issues and faces efficiency challenges, particularly with devices of varying computational capabilities. In this article, we introduce an Asynchronous Partial Privacy-preserving Split-Federated Learning (APP-SplitFed) approach for smart healthcare systems. This method reduces computational demands on resource-limited devices and uses a weight-based aggregation method to allow devices of differing computational power to contribute effectively, ensuring optimal model performance and rapid convergence. Additionally, we incorporate a secure aggregation method to prevent adversaries from identifying individual models owned by healthcare institutions.
AED: A Novel Approach for Intrusion Detection without Abnormal Samples in Big Data Environment
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Qi Longyun , Wei Xingshen , Zhu Weiping , Jiang Haitao , Guan Zhitao
Published: September 2024

The rapid advance of multimedia devices, including sensors, cameras and mobile phones, has given rise to the prevalence of Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT), generating huge volumes of application-oriented multimedia data. At the same time, network security issues in the multimedia big data environment also increases. Network intrusion detection (NID) system demonstrates its power in preventing cyber-attacks against multimedia platforms. However, the existing NID methods which are based on machine learning or deep learning classifiers may fail when there is a lack of abnormal traffic samples for training in the real-world scenario. We propose a novel approach for intrusion detection based on deep AutoEncoder and Differential comparison named AED, which only requires the normal traffic samples in the training phase. We conduct extensive experiments on two real-world datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed AED. The experimental results show that AED can outperform the baseline methods of three categories in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score.
On-device Training: A First Overview on Existing Systems
Authors: Zhu Shuai , Voigt Thiemo , Rahimian Fatemeh , Ko Jeonggil
Published: September 2024

The recent breakthroughs in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have catalyzed the design and development of various intelligent systems over wide application domains. While most existing machine learning models require large memory and computing power, efforts have been made to deploy some models on resource-constrained devices as well. A majority of the early application systems focused on exploiting the inference capabilities of ML and DL models, where data captured from different mobile and embedded sensing components are processed through these models for application goals such as classification and segmentation. More recently, the concept of exploiting the mobile and embedded computing resources for ML/DL model training has gained attention, as such capabilities allow (i) the training of models via local data without the need to share data over wireless links, thus enabling privacy-preserving computation by design, (ii) model personalization and environment adaptation, and (iii) deployment of accurate models in remote and hardly accessible locations without stable internet connectivity. This work summarizes and analyzes state-of-the-art systems research that allows such on-device model training capabilities and provides a survey of on-device training from a systems perspective.
Effects of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists on Bone Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Xin , Li Yang , Lei Chen
Published: September 2024

Background. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) are an intriguing class of antihyperglycemic drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Such drugs not only play a primary role in regulating blood glucose levels but also exhibit additional pleiotropic effects, including potential impacts on bone metabolism and fracture risk. However, the mechanism of such drugs is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of GLP‐1 RAs on bone metabolism in T2DM. Methods. From database inception to May 1, 2023, the searches were conducted on multiple databases such as Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, CNKI, the Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and VIP. We systematically collected all randomized controlled trials of bone metabolism in patients with T2DM treated with GLP‐1 RAs. The quality evaluation was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Data extraction was analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 software, and funnel plots were drawn to evaluate publication bias. Results. Twenty‐six randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria were included, involving a total of 2268 participants. In this study, compared to other antidiabetic drugs or placebo, GLP‐1 RAs were found to significantly increase serum calcium (mean difference (MD) = 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.01, 0.09), P = 0.002], bone alkaline phosphatase [standardized MD (SMD) = 0.76, 95% CI (0.29, 1.24), and P = 0.001), and osteocalcin (SMD = 2.04, 95% CI (0.99, 3.08), and P = 0.0001) in T2DM. Specifically, liraglutide increased procollagen type 1 N‐terminal propeptide (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI (0.01, 0.89), and P = 0.04). GLP‐1 RAs were also associated with a reduction in cross‐linked C‐terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (SMD = −0.36, 95% CI (−0.70, −0.03), and P = 0.03). In additionally, GLP‐1 RAs increased lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) (SMD = 1.04, 95% CI (0.60, 1.48), and P < 0.00001) and femoral neck BMD (SMD = 1.29, 95% CI (0.36, 2.23), and P = 0.007). Conclusions. GLP‐1 RAs can not only improve BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck of patients with T2DM but also protect bone health by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation. Systematic Review Registration. PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023418166.
The Drying Method Affects the Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant Activity, and Volatile Flavor of Sargassum fusiforme
Authors: Song Jiayao , Yin Chenjing , Liu Wenkai , Wu Mingjiang , Su Laijin , Chen Peichao
Published: September 2024

In this study, five drying methods (hot air drying [HD], light wave drying [LD], far infrared drying [FID], freeze drying [FD], and heat pump drying [HPD]) were applied to dry Sargassum fusiforme. The color, rehydration rate (RR), and volatile flavor substances of dried S. fusiforme were compared and analyzed, and the content, molecular weight (Mw), monosaccharide composition, and antioxidant activity of dried S. fusiforme crude polysaccharides (SFCPs) were analyzed. The results showed that S. fusiforme dried by different drying methods showed different colors. FD produced S. fusiforme with better RR (p < 0.05). The Mw of the SFCPs were 624.06, 534.86, 683.00, 1077.13, and 981.91 kDa, respectively, for HD, LD, FID, FD, and HPD. The Mw and DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging rates of SFCP‐FD were greater than those of the remaining four drying methods; however, the ABTS (2,2 ′‐azobis‐3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) and OH (hydroxyl) radical scavenging rates were highest in the SFCP‐HPD. GC‐IMS analysis showed that the drying method affected the content and composition of volatile flavor compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis indicated that the flavors of dried S. fusiforme were quite different from that of fresh S. fusiforme, and the flavors of HD, LD, and FID were similar, while the flavors of FD and HPD were similar.
Changes in Corticospinal Tract Consistency after Dry Needling in a Stroke Patient
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Masoome , Nakhostin Ansari Noureddin , Abdollahi Iraj , Akhbari Behnam , Dommerholt Jan
Published: September 2024

Background. Dry needling (DN) is a technique employed to mitigate spasticity and enhance functionality in stroke patients. We report the impact of DN on both corticospinal tract (CST) consistency and wrist flexors spasticity of an individual affected by stroke. Case. The participant was a 57‐year‐old male who had experienced an ischemic stroke 9 months prior. The primary outcome measures included fractional anisotropy (FA), asymmetry FA (aFA), ratio FA (rFA), and Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS). Additionally, secondary outcomes encompassed wrist extension range of motion (ROM) and performance in the box and block test (BBT). These measurements were taken both before and after the administration of DN treatment. Results. After the application of DN, the mean FA of the ipsilesional CST increased from 0.35 to 0.39, concomitantly with a decline in aFA from 0.18 to 0.13. Notably, the rFA exhibited a pre‐DN value of 0.69, which subsequently rose to 0.76 post‐DN. Moreover, a significant reduction in MMAS scores was detected, from a score of “3” prior to DN application to a post‐DN score of “1”. In terms of wrist mobility, both active and passive extension ROM exhibited favorable improvements, with an increase of 12° for active extension and 16° for passive extension. Furthermore, there was a substantial improvement in the BBT score, an indicator of manual dexterity, ascending from 12 to 24. Conclusion. Enhancements in CST consistency suggest it as a potential mechanism contributing to the observed improvements following DN in this stroke case.
Using Time‐Space Double Radial Basis Function Method to Solve High‐Dimensional PDEs Arising from Multiasset Option Pricing
Authors: Zhou Zhiqiang , Wu Hongying , Kang Caijuan , Wu You
Published: September 2024

This paper develops a time‐space double radial basis function (TSDRBF) method to solve PDEs arising from multiasset option pricing. By TSDRBF discretization for the high‐dimensional PDEs, a linear system (LS) is obtained. After solving the LS, multi‐asset options of European and American style are restored, with number N of space discretization, number of time nodes, and number M of time RBF discretization. Numerical examples confirm that the TSDRBF method has exponentially convergent rates for the number N and number M, while the convergence is linear for the number . Compared with finite difference, TSDRBF avoids the difficulty of space discretization, and the convergence is greatly improved.
Designing Entrustable Professional Activities for Treatment Planning of Oral Cancer by Maxillofacial Surgery Residents: A Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Hanif Maidah , Khan Yawar Hayat , Ali Kamran
Published: September 2024

Purpose. The aim of this study was to develop a competency framework based on entrustable professional activities (EPAs) in oral cancer management by postgraduate trainees in oral and maxillofacial surgery through expert consensus. Materials and Methods. The study design was based on a modified Delphi technique and involved iterative online surveys with two rounds of data collection and analysis. Initial development of the questionnaire identified five EPAs based on 42 competencies along with supervision level and assessment strategies. The first Delphi round involved administration of the survey questionnaire online to maxillofacial surgeons meeting the inclusion criteria for experts. Consensus was achieved on five EPAs and 36 competencies (≥80% response rate). Six competencies were rephrased and sent again in the Round 2 questionnaire to achieve a consensus. Results. A total of 45 experts participated in Round 1 followed by input from 27 experts in Round 2 of the Delphi panel. Following two iterative rounds of online surveys and feedback, expert consensus was achieved to develop an EPA framework in five EPA domains focused on the management of oral cancer by postgraduate trainees in maxillofacial surgery including 38 specific competencies, supervision level, and assessment strategies. High content validity of the study was established through a comprehensive literature search, and expert feedback was evidenced by an excellent response rate (93.34%, and 64.28%) and a stringent criteria of response agreement amongst experts (≥80%). Conclusion. In conclusion, this study employed expert consensus to identify five EPAs with 38 competencies along with the required supervision level of postgraduate maxillofacial trainees for the management of oral cancer. This EPA framework provides a roadmap for training supervisors to map the learning outcomes in oral oncology for postgraduate trainees in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Capacitor Banks in Distribution System to Reduce the Power Loss Using Beluga Whale Optimization
Authors: Adal Sitotaw Mengesha , Reda Ermiyas Tesfakiros
Published: September 2024

One portion of the distribution system is the distribution feeder. Buses carrying more loads and having long‐distance route lines are significant problems due to the presence of power loss and the increase in the overall cost of the transportation process. Hence, the overall power loss minimization is taken as the major objective. The best sizing and allocation of capacitors in a bank in the distribution line are used to minimize the total loss. BWO technique is utilized in this optimization process. The backward‐forward sweep load flow is used for the computation of the power flow in MATLAB. The sensitive buses have been chosen according to the factor of loss sensitivity (LSF) and using BWO. The validity of the test has been made on the standard IEEE 34 and 85 bus radial distribution system. The simulation results in the 34‐bus radial system are much different from the results of PSO, GWO, WO, and IWO. In the 85‐bus radial system, the results are seen with the outcomes of PSO, WO, and BFOA. In both cases, the results of the proposed technique are found to be better than the existing methods. Therefore, the result shows that BWO can be effective for future selection to improve large distribution networks by sizing and locating the capacitors optimally.
Utility of Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound During Prone Positioning Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Patail Haris , Saralidze Tinatin , Romero Gabriel Hernandez , Patail Hassan
Published: September 2024

This report describes a 34‐year‐old male admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) who sustained cardiac arrest while in prone positioning. Prone position CPR was initiated, and the utilization of point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) during CPR was necessary to assess compression quality. Specifically, the popliteal was observed using POCUS to gauge the adequacy of compressions and subsequent perfusion during prone position CPR. This approach provides insight into assessing the effectiveness of chest compressions in a challenging prone position, potentially improving outcomes in similar cases. Further research and application of POCUS in this context may enhance the quality of CPR and patient care during cardiac arrest events in prone positioning.
Infertility and Psychological Well‐Being: The Interplay of Post‐Traumatic Growth and Affective Personality Types in Infertile Lebanese Muslim Women
Authors: Khalifeh Fatin , Salame Anastasia , Ghazeeri Ghina
Published: September 2024

The study is aimed at exploring the influence of affect and personality types among Lebanese women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) on achieving positive psychological growth. It specifically focused on predicting post‐traumatic growth and its correlation with positive and negative affect, as well as affective personality type (APT). Employing a cross‐sectional quantitative survey, the research involved 106 participants from one fertility centre undergoing IVF. The participants’ APTs were categorised into “self‐actualising,” “high‐affective,” “low‐affective,” and “self‐destructive” based on their positive and negative affect. The findings indicated a noteworthy positive correlation between post‐traumatic growth and variables such as household income, educational level, and employment. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis identified positive and negative affect as significant predictors of self‐reported post‐traumatic growth scores. Additionally, the study highlighted the significance of self‐actualising and high‐APTs in predicting post‐traumatic growth. The conclusion suggested that healthcare professionals should consider the positive and negative affect, as well as APTs of infertile patients, to provide effective support and facilitate their emotional well‐being during infertility treatments.
A Cross‐Sectional Study on Nurse‐Parent Partnership in the Pediatric Intensive Care Units
Authors: Paulsamy Premalatha , Alshahrani Shadia Hamoud , Venkatesan Krishnaraju , Prabahar Kousalya , Bhagavathy Manjula Gopinathan , Nagoor Thangam Mathar Mohideen , Veeramani Vinoth Prabhu , Hegazy Samya Mohamed , Ahmed Rehab , Easwaran Vigneshwaran , T. A. Haseena , A. A. Hala , Kandasamy Geetha , K. W. Wagida
Published: September 2024

Aims and Objectives. Admission in the intensive care unit is highly stressful, for both the child and family. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the nurse‐parent partnership in the pediatric intensive care units. Methods. The data were collected from 71 ICU nurses through a web‐based survey by the Pediatric Nurse‐Parent Partnership (NPP) Scale, Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence (EI) Scale, and patient‐centered communication (PCC) proficiency by Park and Oh’s. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results. The mean scores for NPP, EI, and PCC skills were 67.91 ± 9.62, 55.16 ± 5.77, and 33.38 ± 4.81, respectively. There was a positive correlation between NPP, EI (r = 0.71, p < 0.001), and PCC skills (r = 0.59, p < 0.001). In hierarchical multiple regression analysis, EI (p < 0.01) and PCC skills (p = 0.05) were the two stronger primary variables influencing NPP than the general variables such as gender, children, and an additional qualification in pediatric nursing with higher variance (59% vs 14%). Conclusion. The findings of the study supported that nurses’ EI and PCC skills as well as additional qualification or training in pediatric nursing were the primary factors influencing nurse‐parent partnership in intensive care settings. Thus, effective intervention programs focusing on these factors should be initiated to strengthen NPP.
Urban‐Rural Disparity and Economic Geography Variation in the Likelihood of Meeting Physical Activity Recommendation–Results from the Study of Community Sports in China
Authors: Dong Bo , Chen Dexu , Zhao Yanan , Guo Xiujin
Published: September 2024

Purpose. Maintaining physical activity (PA) has significant implications for health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adults aged 18–64 should engage in at least 150 to 300 minutes of moderate‐intensity aerobic PA per week. However, urban‐rural disparities and economic geography variations in PA levels have not received enough attention. This study aimed to examine these disparities in the likelihood of meeting PA recommendations by using data from the Study of Community Sports in China. Methods. This is a nationwide cross‐sectional community‐based study. A total of 5,000 participants were randomly selected using a multistage sampling strategy. They were asked to complete a survey including demographics data and PA levels. The data were analyzed using mixed‐effects logistic regression to evaluate the association between urban‐rural residency, economic geography regions, and the likelihood of meeting PA recommendations. Results. A total of 3,779 participants met the eligible criteria, and only 816 (21.6%) met the PA recommendation. The urban participants were more likely to meet the PA recommendation than their rural peers [OR (95% CI) of 1.72 (1.09, 2.71)]. The association remained significant among those aged ≥30 [OR = 2.53 (1.51, 4.24)] and those with the education of high school and below [OR = 1.88 (1.18, 1.77)], but not in their younger, and more‐educated peers (Pinteraction = 0.009 and 0.034, respectively). Compared with the east coastal residents, western ones had a greater chance of meeting the recommendation [OR = 2.68 (1.25, 5.74)]. The association was more prominent among the more‐educated [OR = 3.89 (1.58, 9.57)] than the less‐educated [1.90 (0.83, 4.35)](Pinteraction <0.001), but not modified by age. Conclusion. Urban and western residents were more active than their rural and east coastal counterparts. Studies should carefully consider the interactions between age and education level with urbanization and region while evaluating PA levels. Moreover, policymakers should develop policies and programs according to urban‐rural disparity and regional variations to shorten the gaps.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Arginine Methylation of DDX3 by PRMT1 Mediates Mitochondrial Homeostasis to Promote Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Hsu Wen-Jing , Chiang Ming-Chen , Chao Yi-Chun , Chang Yu-Chu , Hsu Ming-Chien , Chung Chu-Hung , Tsai I-Lin , Chu Cheng-Ying , Wu Han-Chung , Yang Ching-Chieh , Lee Chi-Ching , Lin Cheng-Wei
Published: September 2024

PRMT1-mediated DDX3 methylation prevents DDX3 phosphorylation and SKP2 recruitment.
Figure S1 from VPAC2 Receptor Signaling Promotes Growth and Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Passang Tenzin , Wang Shuhua , Zhang Hanwen , Zeng Fanyuan , Hsu Po-Chih , Wang Wenxi , Li Jian-Ming , Liu Yuan , Ravindranathan Sruthi , Lesinski Gregory B. , Waller Edmund K.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figure
Supplementary Tables 1-9 from Scribble Deficiency Promotes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Development and Metastasis
Authors: Bermejo-Rodriguez Camino , Araos Henríquez Joaquín , Caligiuri Giuseppina , Pinto Teles Sara , Park Youngkyu , Evans Anthony , Barrera Lawrence N. , Neesse Albrecht , Grützmann Robert , Aust Daniela , Rümmele Petra , Knösel Thomas , Narita Masako , Narita Masashi , Campbell Fiona , Öhlund Daniel , Pilarsky Christian , Dow Lukas E. , Humbert Patrick O. , Biffi Giulia , Tuveson David A. , Perez-Mancera Pedro A.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Tables 1-9
Supplementary Data from IDH1 Inhibition Potentiates Chemotherapy Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zarei Mehrdad , Hajihassani Omid , Hue Jonathan J. , Loftus Alexander W. , Graor Hallie J. , Nakazzi Faith , Naji Parnian , Boutros Christina S. , Uppin Vinayak , Vaziri-Gohar Ali , Shalaby Akram S. , Asara John M. , Rothermel Luke D. , Brody Jonathan R. , Winter Jordan M.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Data
Figure S4 from IDH1 Inhibition Potentiates Chemotherapy Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zarei Mehrdad , Hajihassani Omid , Hue Jonathan J. , Loftus Alexander W. , Graor Hallie J. , Nakazzi Faith , Naji Parnian , Boutros Christina S. , Uppin Vinayak , Vaziri-Gohar Ali , Shalaby Akram S. , Asara John M. , Rothermel Luke D. , Brody Jonathan R. , Winter Jordan M.
Published: September 2024

Figure S4
Figure S3 from IDH1 Inhibition Potentiates Chemotherapy Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zarei Mehrdad , Hajihassani Omid , Hue Jonathan J. , Loftus Alexander W. , Graor Hallie J. , Nakazzi Faith , Naji Parnian , Boutros Christina S. , Uppin Vinayak , Vaziri-Gohar Ali , Shalaby Akram S. , Asara John M. , Rothermel Luke D. , Brody Jonathan R. , Winter Jordan M.
Published: September 2024

Figure S3
Supplementary Data Table 4 from Physical Activity Decreases Inflammation and Delays the Development of Obesity-Associated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pita-Grisanti Valentina , Velez-Bonet Ericka , Chasser Kaylin , Hurst Zachary , Liette Alexus , Vulic Grace , Dubay Kelly , Lahooti Ali , Badi Niharika , Ueltschi Olivia , Gumpper-Fedus Kristyn , Hsueh Hsiang-Yin , Lahooti Ila , Chavez-Tomar Myrriah , Terhorst Samantha , Knoblaugh Sue E. , Cao Lei , Huang Wei , Coss Christopher C. , Mace Thomas A. , Choueiry Fouad , Hinton Alice , Culp Stacey , Mitchell Jennifer M. , Schmandt Rosemarie , Onstad Grinsfelder Michaela , Basen-Engquist Karen , Cruz-Monserrate Zobeida
Published: September 2024

Affymetrix analysis of the gWAT of mice that underwent DIO and PA
Supplementary Data from AKT blocks SIK1-mediated repression of STAT3 to promote breast tumorigenesis
Authors: Sun Zhicheng , Jiang Qiwei , Gao Bing , Zhang Xiaomei , Bu Lang , Wang Lei , Lin Ying , Xie Wei , Li Jie , Guo Jianping
Published: September 2024

Including supplementary figure S1-9
Table S1 from Spatial positioning of immune hotspots reflects the interplay between B and T cells in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Hanyun , AbdulJabbar Khalid , Moore David A. , Akarca Ayse , Enfield Katey , Jamal-Hanjani Mariam , Raza Shan E Ahmed , Veeriah Selvaraju , Salgado Roberto , McGranahan Nicholas , Le Quesne John , Swanton Charles , Marafioti Teresa , Yuan Yinyin
Published: September 2024

Differentially expressed genes in TCGA LUSC and LUAD patients with high versus low S_intra/immune
Supplementary Data from Spatial positioning of immune hotspots reflects the interplay between B and T cells in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Hanyun , AbdulJabbar Khalid , Moore David A. , Akarca Ayse , Enfield Katey , Jamal-Hanjani Mariam , Raza Shan E Ahmed , Veeriah Selvaraju , Salgado Roberto , McGranahan Nicholas , Le Quesne John , Swanton Charles , Marafioti Teresa , Yuan Yinyin
Published: September 2024

Table S3 and Fig. S1-S10
Supplementary Figures from Microenvironment-driven dynamic chromatin changes in glioblastoma recapitulate early neural development at single-cell resolution
Authors: Pine Allison R. , Cirigliano Stefano M. , Singhania Richa , Nicholson James , Da Silva Barbara , Leslie Christina S. , Fine Howard A.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Figures (Figures S1-S5)
Supplementary Data from Microenvironment-driven dynamic chromatin changes in glioblastoma recapitulate early neural development at single-cell resolution
Authors: Pine Allison R. , Cirigliano Stefano M. , Singhania Richa , Nicholson James , Da Silva Barbara , Leslie Christina S. , Fine Howard A.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table (Table S1) and Figure Legends
Supplementary Table S3 from Nucleophosmin plays a role in repairing DNA damage and is a target for cancer treatment
Authors: Sekhar Konjeti R. , Freeman Michael L.
Published: September 2024

List of Small Molecule NPM1 Inhibitors discussed in paper.
Supplementary Data from FPR2 shapes an immune-excluded pancreatic tumor microenvironment and drives T-cell exhaustion in a sex-dependent manner
Authors: He Fei , Tay Apple H.M. , Calandigary Ahmed , Malki Enana , Suzuki Sayaka , Liu Tianjie , Wang Qi , Fernández-Moro Carlos , Kaisso Marina , Olofsson‐Sahl Peter , Melssen Marit , Sze Siu Kwan , Björnstedt Mikael , Löhr Matthias J. , Karlsson Mikael C.I. , Heuchel Rainer , Sarhan Dhifaf
Published: September 2024

Figure S1-S8, and Table S1-S2
Supplementary Table 8 from ANO1 reprograms cholesterol metabolism and the tumor microenvironment to promote cancer metastasis
Authors: Deng Chun-Miao , Zhang Guo-Geng , Liu Qin-Wen , Xu Jiao-Jiao , Liu Zhi-Chao , Yang Jing , Xu Tao-Yang , Li Zhi-Gang , Zhang Fan , Li Bin
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table 8 shows Cytokines upregulated in the CM from ANO1 overexpressing EC9706 cells compared with control cells
Supplementary Table 7 from ANO1 reprograms cholesterol metabolism and the tumor microenvironment to promote cancer metastasis
Authors: Deng Chun-Miao , Zhang Guo-Geng , Liu Qin-Wen , Xu Jiao-Jiao , Liu Zhi-Chao , Yang Jing , Xu Tao-Yang , Li Zhi-Gang , Zhang Fan , Li Bin
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table 7 shows Human transcription factor in ANO1 interacting proteins detected by IP-MS
Supplementary Table 5 from ANO1 reprograms cholesterol metabolism and the tumor microenvironment to promote cancer metastasis
Authors: Deng Chun-Miao , Zhang Guo-Geng , Liu Qin-Wen , Xu Jiao-Jiao , Liu Zhi-Chao , Yang Jing , Xu Tao-Yang , Li Zhi-Gang , Zhang Fan , Li Bin
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table 5 shows Correlation between ANO1 expression levels and clinicopathological parameters in 100 cases of esophageal cancer
Supplementary Table 2 from ANO1 reprograms cholesterol metabolism and the tumor microenvironment to promote cancer metastasis
Authors: Deng Chun-Miao , Zhang Guo-Geng , Liu Qin-Wen , Xu Jiao-Jiao , Liu Zhi-Chao , Yang Jing , Xu Tao-Yang , Li Zhi-Gang , Zhang Fan , Li Bin
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Table 2 shows qRT-PCR primers
Supplementary Figures from Terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells resistant to PD-1 blockade promote generation and maintenance of aggressive cancer stem cells
Authors: Chakravarti Mohona , Dhar Sukanya , Bera Saurav , Sinha Abhipsa , Roy Kamalika , Sarkar Anirban , Dasgupta Shayani , Bhuniya Avishek , Saha Akata , Das Juhina , Banerjee Saptak , Vernekar Manisha , Pal Chiranjib , Alam Neyaz , Datta Dipak , Baral Rathindranath , Bose Anamika
Published: September 2024

Contains supplementary figure S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6.
Figure S2 from Distinct Nrf2 Signaling Thresholds Mediate Lung Tumor Initiation and Progression
Authors: DeBlasi Janine M. , Falzone Aimee , Caldwell Samantha , Prieto-Farigua Nicolas , Prigge Justin R. , Schmidt Edward E. , Chio Iok In Christine , Karreth Florian A. , DeNicola Gina M.
Published: September 2024

Supplementary Fig. S2 shows lung tumor analysis data for Keap1/Nrf2 mutant mice in the KrasG12D/+ model.