bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphofunctional Distinction of Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Normal and Age-related Macular Degeneration. Review of the Literature
Authors: Fayzrakhmanov R. R. , Bosov E. D. , Bogdanova V. A. , Vaganova E. E. , Sekhina O. L.
Published: April 2024

The retinal pigment epithelium performs a number of highly specialized functions. The relevance of studying morphological changes in the pigment epithelium is associated with an increase in the number of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), polypoid choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), central serous retinopathy and retinitis pigmentosa. The increase in the number of patients with these pathologies is associated both with the general trend of aging of the world’s population and with modern opportunities for mass diagnostics. The pigment epithelium performs a number of functions that ensure the normal functioning of the retina. The main structural unit is a hexagonal epithelial cell with a large number of melanosomes containing the pigment melanin. Pathomorphological changes in the pigment leaf are an important indicator of the development of AMD. In most cases, an elevation or detachment is formed, in which three types are distinguished: druzenoid, fibrovascular (hemorrhagic) and serous. According to a prospective multicenter study, in 19 % of cases, the druzenoid form progresses into atrophy of the pigment epithelium. There are a number of studies that present harbingers of integrity damages. Fibrovascular detachment is the pathomorphological basis for the formation of submacular hemorrhage. The pathogenesis of serous exfoliation in AMD is associated with a range of different mechanisms, ranging from degenerative changes in the Bruch membrane to the formation of choroidal neovascularization. In the scientific publications of a number of authors, information is presented about the complication of detachment in the form of the development of a rupture of the retinal pigment epithelium. The key criterion for a threatening rupture is the height of the pigment leaf detachment. Damage of the integrity of the pigment leaf in the long term is a factor in reducing or complete loss of vision. This is especially characteristic when a gap is formed in the central area of the retina. Also, visual impairment is observed in cases of submacular hemorrhage and the formation of a fibrous scar. An important point, at present, is the development of protocols for the management of patients with ruptures on the background of the underlying disease.
Clinical Aspects of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking Various Modifications
Authors: Yusef Yu. N. , Khraystin Kh. , Osipyan G. A. , Anisimov S. I. , Jourieh M.
Published: April 2024

The review provides information on methods for cross­linking corneal collagen (КРК), from the time of experimental studies and the first clinical observations to the present. Data are presented on the methods and results of CXL various modifications, as well as on possible promising directions for finding ways to improve the technique to improve functional results and reduce possible complica­tions. Research is currently ongoing not only to improve already proven approaches for CXL, but also to search for new combinations and devices.
Higher-order Aberrations — the Choice of Optimal Intraocular Correction in the Surgical Treatment of Cataracts. Review of the Literature
Authors: Khvan D. A. , Fedyashev G. A.
Published: April 2024

The cornea is the most powerful refractive element of the eye and plays a fundamental role in the quality of vision. Imperfection of corneas shape leads to the focusing errors formation, known as optical aberrations, which are responsible for visual performance deterioration. Understanding and assessing wavefront errors in IOL selection and calculation is great importance to achieve maximum optical outcome in the postoperative period. The article presents literature data of the effect of higher-order aberrations on the vision quality in unoperated eyes, changes of the wavefront in the eyes after cornea surgical interventions, the effect of various types of IOLs (spherical, aspherical, multifocal and EDOF) on the total error of the eye wavefront, recommendations at their choice with different severity levels of optical aberrations, as well as promising areas of research on this issue.
Clinical Features of Patients with Penetrating Eye Injury and Foreign Body Complicated by Endophthalmitis
Authors: Abakarov S. A. , Loskutov I. A.
Published: April 2024

Purpose: to study the clinical features of patients with penetrating eye injury and foreign body, complicated by endophthalmitis.

Methods. 68 patients (68 eyes) with penetrating injury and ocular foreign body were included in the retrospective study, including 91.2 % males and 8.8 % females. The mean age was 50.00 [32.00; 60.00] years. The patients were divided into 2 groups: with endophthalmitis — 24 patients, without inflammation — 44 patients. All patients underwent standard ophthalmologic methods of examination.

Results. The age of patients with endophthalmitis was significantly greater compared to patients without inflammation — 51.50 [46.25; 63.25] years and 36.50 [31.25; 58.50] years, respectively (p = 0.0446). In the first day after injury, only 25 % of patients asked for medical care (p = 0.0071). In patients with endophthalmitis according to biomicroscopy data on admission the following were significantly more frequent: eyelid edema (p < 0.0001), purulent discharge (p < 0.0001), total hyphema (p = 0.029), hypopyon (p < 0.0001), iris edema (p < 0.0001), fibrin in vitreous body (p = 0.0014), as well as its destruction (p = 0.0005). 87.5 % of patients with endophthalmitis showed absence of fundus reflex (p = 0.0105), and 25 % of patients with inflammation showed increased intraocular pressure (p = 0.0019). In patients with endophthalmitis, surgical treatment was performed: cataract phacoemulsification in 91.7 % of patients (p < 0.0001), vitreoectomy in 87.5 % (p = 0.0098), enucleation of the eye in 12.5 % (p = 0.0165) and evisceration in 12.5 % (p = 0.0165). Bacterial culture in patients with endophthalmitis revealed Gram-positive microflora in 100 % of cases. There were also significant differences between the groups in the intravitreal, systemic and subconjunctival antibiotic therapy used.

Conclusion. Patients with penetrating eye injury and foreign body, complicated by endophthalmitis, are characterized by more signs of inflammation, pronounced damage to the eye and its structures.
Klebsiella pneumoniae y Escherichia coli productoras de carbapenemasas en instituciones de salud del Caribe colombiano
Authors: García Toscano Yina Paola , González Sierra Yossusy , Filott Támara Margarita , Osorio Rodríguez Elber , Patiño Patiño Jhonny , Bettin Martínez Alfonso
Published: April 2024

Introducción: la resistencia bacteriana se ha convertido en una situación problemática que amenaza cada vez más la salud pública a nivel mundial. La aparición de cepas productoras de carbapenemasas, enzimas, con un amplio espectro para hidrolizar betalactámicos y resistir la acción de los inhibidores. Esto pone en riesgo el uso de los antibióticos carbapenémicos como último tratamiento de elección en las infecciones producidas por estos aislamientos.                   

Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de Klebsiella pneumoniae y Escherichia coli productoras de carbapenemasas aisladas en cuatro instituciones de salud de Barranquilla y Valledupar.

Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal, retrospectivo de detección molecular de seis genes de carbapenemasas en Klebsiella pneumoniae y Escherichia coli entre marzo 2019 a marzo 2020 mediante una PCR múltiple.

Resultados: de 86 aislamientos clínicos, E. coli se recuperó en un 32% de urgencias, 31% de consulta externa, 28% de hospitalizados y 9% de UCI. K. pneumoniae se recuperó 46,87 % de hospitalizados, 32,81% de UCI, 12,50 % de urgencias y 7,81% de consulta externa. En el 77,9% de K. pneumoniae y 22% de E. coli se detectó al menos un gen de carbepenmasas. De estos el 88,37% (76/86) fueron carbapenemasas tipo blaKPC y el 1,16% (1/86) carbapenmemasas tipo blaVIM.

Conclusiones: K. pneumoniae fue el microorganismo más frecuente en hospitalización (46,87%) y UCI (32,81%), lo que refleja su afinidad por el ámbito hospitalario. La resistencia global a carbapenémicos se confirmó en 89,53%, mientras que al porcentaje restante de aislamientos se le atribuye otro mecanismo de resistencia no confirmado en el estudio.
Caracterización de flebotomizados y evaluación de la presencia de alteraciones endocrinas
Authors: Collazos Lara Yoleydis Elena
Published: April 2024

Introducción: la Flebotomía es un procedimiento de extracción de sangre terapéutica indicada en alteraciones hematológicas, las cuales se relacionan con signos y síntomas que comprometen el sistema circulatorio, respiratorio y endocrino.

Objetivo: describir un grupo de pacientes tratados con flebotomía por el Banco Nacional de sangre (BNS), identificando la presencia de patologías o clínica relacionada a condiciones endocrinológicas o metabólicas.

Metodología: el estudio es observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se revisó 583 historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos en el BNS entre el 2010 al 2017. Se realizó análisis estadístico con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión, además OR y chi cuadrado para establecer correlación.

Resultados: se observó un 42.36% de sobrepeso, 27.62% de obesidad, y presencia de trastornos como hipotiroidismo, alteraciones hepáticas y renales, SAHOS y síndrome metabólico, además de las alteraciones hematológicas clásicas, con una correlación significativa entre trastornos hematológicos y endocrinos o metabólicos (Chi cuadrado 18.84).

Conclusión: las alteraciones endocrinológicas pueden estar presentes en pacientes con alteración hematológica y esto podría plantear el uso de flebotomía como un coadyuvante en el manejo o prevención de estas. Además, se observa la necesidad de estandarización de protocolos de manejo en el uso de la flebotomía.
Campus Wellness Program Evaluation: Effectiveness of a Brief Psychoeducation Intervention for Wellness Promotion
Authors: Beauchemin James , Ihmels Michelle , Krueger Danya , McGrath Christopher
Published: April 2024

Background: College students are experiencing high levels of stress and compromised well-being, compounded by sedentary lifestyle and risky behaviors. In response to these challenges, college campuses are offering a variety of wellness programming intervention opportunities. Aim: This research study examined the effectiveness of a brief psychoeducational intervention on perceptions of stress, wellness, mental health, and life satisfaction. Methods: The study utilized a longitudinal, explanatory mixed methods design, with random assignment. To augment quantitative data, brief, semi-structured interviews were completed with 13 study participants post-intervention. Results: Results of repeated-measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) demonstrated no significant between-group differences. Intervention group pair-wise comparisons revealed positive trends across time for several outcome variables. Applied Thematic Analysis (ATA) revealed four primary themes including: stress-reduction benefits of relaxation techniques, improved knowledge of health impacts of alcohol, increased intentionality regarding nutrition habits, and need for increased accessibility of wellness programming. Conclusions: This study provides insight into the strengths and limitations of brief psychoeducation interventions in facilitating lifestyle change among college students. Implications for campus wellness programming are discussed.
Ensuring Success for Grieving Nursing Students through Mentorship and Community
Authors: Yordy Morgan , Wood Stephanie , Wang Chih-Hsuan
Published: April 2024

Background: Approximately 22-30% of undergraduate college students have experienced the loss of a loved one within the last year, and almost 50% within the last two years. A College of Nursing located in the Southeastern United States saw an increase in students experiencing an immediate family member loss. The demanding curricula and clinical experiences encountered by these students further heighten grief symptoms and social isolation.
Aim: This study aimed to develop a tailored program to provide resources and a support system to nursing students who have experienced loss and grief.
Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with two data collection points. Relationships, self-esteem, purpose, and optimism relating to grief symptoms were assessed pre-and-post program using the Flourishing Scale. Due to the limited sample size, the Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test was used to assess differences in Flourishing scores.
Results: The results indicated no significant differences between the pre-and-post Flourishing Scale scores. However, participant feedback towards the support group was positive.
Conclusion: Grief groups tailored to nursing students provide an important community of support that maintains positive student health and well-being.
Wellness Beyond Campus Walls: How Walking Worldwide Brought One Institution Together
Authors: Verity Monica , Bauman Connie , Cuellarsola Lily , Park Sharon , Pociask Sarah
Published: April 2024

Background: Investment in campus recreation has well-documented benefits, and the need for improved health and wellness also extends beyond students. Creating a campus culture that values health and well-being can be transformative for the health of the overall community.Aim: This study aimed to understand the impact of an institution-wide, 42-day virtual fitness initiative that included faculty, staff, students, and graduates. Methods: Participants were invited to complete two surveys (pre-and-post) consisting of questions about physical fitness, goal setting, and connection to the college community. Throughout the duration of the program, participants logged their physical activity (e.g., step counts) through a web-based platform.Results: Survey respondents reported exercising a greater number of days each week during the program and were more likely to set and achieve their fitness goals. The leading unexpected benefit of participation in the program, especially among our graduates, was developing social connections with other participants. Conclusions: Institution-wide fitness programs can promote health awareness and motivate faculty, staff, students, and graduates to improve fitness and connect socially.
BHAC Journal Reviewers
Authors: Building Healthy Academic Communities BHAC Journal
Published: April 2024

No abstract available.
Thank You to Our Reviewers!
Authors: Building Healthy Academic Communities BHAC Journal
Published: April 2024

No abstract available.
A study on development of information guide sheet regarding knowledge and attitude on in-vitro fertilization among final year B.Sc. students in selected college of nursing, Tumkur, Karnataka
Authors: Maya VK , Rakshitha  , Souza Manila Laveena D
Published: April 2024

In emerging nations, in vitro fertilisation, or IVF, is becoming more and more common. In Karnataka, little to no research has been done to determine nurses' practises or awareness of this newly developed reproductive technique.

The knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards IVF were ascertained through this study.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Sri Siddhartha College of Nursing. Questions with a 5-point Likert scale that had been pretested which were used to gather data.Analysis was done using Epi info 2008 version 3.5.1.

Out of 60 respondents, 33 (55 %) had inadequate knowledge, 19 (31.7 %) have moderately adequate knowledge, 8 (13.3 %) have adequate knowledge. Regarding indication, 22 (36.7 %) had moderate, while 14 (23.3 %) had adequate knowledge. Related to steps on IVF, 38 (63.3 %) had inadequate, while 22 (36.7 %) had adequate knowledge. About 38 (63.3 %) had inadequate and 3 (5 %) adequate knowledge regarding risk and side effects of IVF. About 39 (65 %) respondents had unfavourable attitude, while only 21 (35%) had favourable attitude towards IVF. The knowledge is distributed with a range of 7-29, mean of 17.63, median 16.50. SD 5.20 and mean percentage 50.38 %. Attitude with arrange of 10-19, 17.5 mean scores, 5.50 median scores, 1.98 as SD score and mean percentage87.5 respectively. The chi square value was not significant at 0.05 level for knowledge in relation to knowledge (1. 684), age (0.067), religion (2.927), types of family (1.669), area of living (1.071), source of information (2.125), exposure to previous information about IVF (2.222), attitude and age (0.297), attitude and religion (0.083) and association between attitude and source of information (0.601). The chi square value obtained was significant for association between attitude & gender (5.398), area of living (4.207), attitude and previous exposure (8.031).

This research found an association between attitude and demographical variables such as gender and area of living and previous exposure to information about IVF was highly significant. Hence the attitudes on demographical variables were influenced by variables like age, religion. Type of family, source of information.
Digital Finance Revolution: Evaluating its Effects on Inclusive Financial System
Authors: Hegde Sowmya , Kavyashree K.
Published: April 2024

Over the past few years, there has been notable progress in India’s efforts to enhance financial inclusion. The impact of adopting Digital Financial Services (DFS) has been on the rise, reflecting the Government of India’s ongoing commitment to extending financial services to those who are traditionally underserved in the banking sector. To expand financial inclusion and create a secure operational atmosphere for digital financial businesses, India should aim to reach out to the underserved sections of its population. With this regard, this research explores the profound impact of adopting DFS on Financial Inclusion (FI), a topic of increasing significance in today’s global economy. The research employs a comprehensive approach, encompassing both quantitative and qualitative analyses, drawing upon primary and secondary data sources. A key dimension under scrutiny includes access to technology, trust and security, transaction cost, product offerings and digital literacy of digital financial service adoption. By surveying through a questionnaire, primary data is collected from 510 respondents. The study used a cross-sectional research design. The data underwent cleaning and analysis using the statistical technique of structural equation modelling to investigate the association among the constructs and variables. The finding of the study indicates that adopting DFS has a significant impact on financial inclusion and it mitigates the traditional barriers to financial inclusion such as physical distance, documentation requirements and transaction costs. The study contributes to the evolving discourse on financial inclusion by shedding light on the multifaceted impact of adopting digital financial services.
Community midwifery stands as a beacon of hope
Authors: Βιβιλάκη Βικτωρία , Μπάκου Αγγελική , Πλυτά Ζηνοβία
Published: April 2024

Η κοινοτική μαιευτική αποτελεί σημαντικό παράγοντα
βελτιστοποίησης της ποιότητας της περιγεννητικής μαιευτικής
φροντίδας. Οι κοινοτικές μαίες ως σημαντικοί επιστήμονες
υγείας φέρουν τις υπηρεσίες υγείας κοντά στο σπίτι και
συμβάλουν στην βελτίωση των ποσοστών μητρικού θηλασμού,
την μείωση της επιλόχειας καταθλιπτικής συμπτωματολογίας,
και μειώνουν το στίγμα για την περιγεννητική ψυχική
νοσηρότητα. Επίσης, ενισχύει το σύστημα υγείας, ιδίως σε
αγροτικές περιοχές με περιορισμένους πόρους. H κοινοτική
μαιευτική προσφέρει μια παραδειγματική αλλαγή στη μαιευτική
φροντίδα, τοποθετώντας τις μαίες στην πρωτοπορία της
αλλαγής του υγειονομικού περιβάλλοντος. Η κεντρική έμφαση
αφορά στην γυναίκα και την οικογένεια της, αναγνωρίζοντας
το σημαντικό τους ρόλο στην προαγωγή μηνυμάτων αγωγής
υγείας και στη δημιουργία μιας κοινωνίας όπου κάθε γυναίκα
λαμβάνει τη φροντίδα που αξίζει.
Эстетическое воспитание младших школьников средствами народного декоративноприкладного искусства в процессе внеурочной деятельности
Authors: Бабаева М.Р.
Published: April 2024

В данной статье речь идет об эстетическом воспитании младших школьников с использованием народного декоративно-прикладного искусства в процессе внеклассной деятельности. Отмечается, что эстетическое воспитание призвано научить видеть красоту вокруг себя, в окружающей действительности.
Средства развития творческих способностей младших школьников во внеурочной деятельности
Authors: Митянина Л.А.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена анализу возможностей развития творческих способностей младших школьников во внеурочной деятельности. Описаны примеры индивидуальных и групповых заданий, направленных на развитие творческих способностей.
Формирование навыков письменной речи на английском языке в частных школах
Authors: Валиева М.М. , Рашидова Д.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье исследуется проблема обучения иностранным языкам в частных школах, в частности, процесс преподавания иностранных языков и формирование навыков письменной речи на английском языке в частных школах города Худжанда. Согласно уставу частных школ, при контингенте более 24 учеников, на уроках иностранного языка класс делится на две подгруппы, с каждой из которых занимается определенный учитель.
Влияние акцентуации характера подростка на выбор профессии
Authors: Крупин Д.В.
Published: April 2024

В статье автор рассматривает виды акцентуации характера и особенности подросткового возраста. Определяя взаимосвязь акцентуации характера с образом и стилем жизни, взаимодействием со сверстниками, автор высказывает предположение о влиянии акцентуации характера на выбор профессии в подростковом возрасте. В связи с этим, в статье формулируются направления психологического консультирования и методы диагностики, описывается работа школьного психолога, помогающего подросткам определиться с выбором профессии, социализироваться в обществе.
Анализ сеанса сепарационной психотерапии
Authors: Романова Е.А.
Published: April 2024

Обращаясь к теме психологической сепарации в отношениях между матерью и взрослой дочерью, автор прибегает к использованию техники терапии возможных в этой связи нарушений, такой как «Сепарация от родителей». Предлагая клиентке разыграть диалог из позиций «родителя» и «ребѐнка», он тем самым подводит еѐ к анализу несовместимых сценарных ролей и дезадаптивных предписаний, внушѐнных еѐ «детской» части фигурой родителя, последующему отречению от них с заменой на конструктивные программы – во благо обретения ею необходимых «взрослости» и «отдельности».
Проблема трудовой подготовки школьников в методике преподавания ботаники
Authors: Гадоева Ш.М.
Published: April 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы трудового обучения школьников методике преподавания ботаники. Отмечается, что история методологии биологии свидетельствует о том, что решению проблем трудового обучения на ранних этапах его развития уделялось должное внимание.
Основные новшества в регулировании вопросов занятости
Authors: Новак Е.С. , Питинова К.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются нововведения в регулировании вопросов занятости в Российской Федерации. Отмечается, что изменения в законодательстве относительно вопросов занятости являются неизбежными. Проводится анализ деятельности службы занятости и процесс ее регулирования.
Методические рекомендации к производственной практике по дисциплине «Окружающий мир» в условиях ФГОС нового поколения
Authors: Годлевская Е.А. , Крюкова Т.А.
Published: April 2024

В статье описаны актуальные проблемы, связанные с подготовкой будущих учителей - студентов колледжей, к профессиональной деятельности на современном этапе. Проведен анализ аспектов, влияющих на естественнонаучную подготовленность, и выявлены ключевые направления, которые требуют внимания со стороны образовательных институтов, педагогических сообществ и государства. Кроме того, рассмотрены этапы совершенствования профессиональной готовности обучающихся в системе СПО в процессе изучения междисциплинарного курса в системе естественнонаучного, чтобы обеспечить ключевые знания, навыки и понимание того, как эффективно работать в современной образовательной среде. Делается вывод о том, что оптимальные пути, представленные методическим сообществом образовательной организации, создают ту образовательную развивающую среду, которая позволит студентам педагогических колледжей продолжать совершенствовать свои навыки и умения, и преумножать свои профессиональные достижения.
Коммуникативные ошибки пациента в диалоге с врачом
Authors: Макарова О.В. , Нарзуллоев Ф.Ф.
Published: April 2024

В работе представлены причины неэффективной коммуникации пациента с врачом, последствия, к которым приводит такое общение. Цель статьи – определить коммуникативные ошибки пациента. Рассмотрены основные особенности процесса коммуникации пациентов во время медицинского интервью, описаны типы коммуникантов среди пациентов, предложены рекомендации общения с ними. Авторы выявили, что типичными коммуникативными ошибками пациента являются: отсутствие навыков обобщения, интерпретации событий; речевая недостаточность; неправильная интерпретация информации из разных источников; некритичное отношение к данным.
Жанр рассказа и его место в современной таджикской прозе
Authors: Турсунова М.Х.
Published: April 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы изучения жанра рассказа и его места в современной таджикской прозе. Сюжет рассказа ясен, однако по составу он прост, так как не может охватить несколько сюжетных линий. С точки зрения тематики, сути и идейной составляющей рассказ имеет разные формы. Ныне в литературах народов мира различают этический, исторический, социальный, любовный, юмористический и другие рассказы.
Современный способ изучения иностранного языка
Authors: Шахмадеева В.А.
Published: April 2024

Данная статья описывает современный подход к изучению иностранного языка. Стремительное развитие современного общества требует от человека постоянно совершенствовать ранее приобретенные знания, умения и навыки, а также непрерывно развивать способности к творческой и продуктивной деятельности. Такое обучение должно учитывать мотивацию, цели и знания каждого обучающегося. В ходе исследования в статье выявляются инструменты, позволяющие выучить иностранный язык, которые соответствуют критериям технологичности и инновационности обучения.
Педагогические условия межпредметного взаимодействия участников образовательного процессА
Authors: Доронина Л.О.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию педагогических условий межпредметного взаимодействия участников образовательного процесса. Авторы рассматривают теоретические основы и практические методы организации межпредметных связей, способствующих формированию у обучающихся целостного восприятия мира, расширению их кругозора и развитию критического мышления. В статье также анализируются различные подходы к формированию межпредметных компетенций учителей, обеспечивающих эффективность образовательного процесса и успешную реализацию межпредметного взаимодействия.
Изучение слов года как способ демонстрации студентам тенденций в узусе
Authors: Казаченкова Н.В. , Марцинкевич К.А. , Тронина Т.К.
Published: April 2024

Фоновые знания о культуре, экономике и политике страны имеют большое значение при обучении иностранному языку. В статье рассмотрено, как проект ―Слово года‖, в рамках которого ежегодно выбирается наиболее ярко описывающее уходящий год слово, может способствовать формированию социокультурной компетенции. Приведен анализ "слов года" в английском, русском и японском языках, который показывает, как изучение данного проекта может продемонстрировать культурные различия между странами.
Профилактика травматизма на занятиях по мини-футболу в ВУЗах
Authors: Колосов Г.Н.
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются основные правила профилактики травматизма на занятиях по мини-футболу в ВУЗ ах, анализируются причины получения травм, отмечается ведущая роль преподавательского и медицинского коллективов в правильной организации занятий, и. как следствие, уменьшение вероятности получения травмы.
Ролевая игра: эффективный подход к развитию навыков профессионального общения
Authors: Савицкая Т.Н.
Published: April 2024

Данная статья обосновывает актуальность использования ролевых игр для формирования профессиональной осознанности студентов неязыковых вузов и реализации коммуникативного подхода в обучении иностранному языку. Обоснованностью использования ролевых игр в обучении иностранному языку в неязыковом вузе является интерес студентов к коммуникативным заданиям, привлекательным своим естественным общением и возможностью эффективно применять знания языка в творческой обстановке. Проведенное исследование данного вопроса может сделать работу на практических занятиях по иностранному языку более эффективной и интересной в условиях снижения мотивации и увеличения количества студентов в группах, а также использоваться специалистами в области педагогики, теории и методики преподавания иностранного языка.
About problematic issues of reading activity in the process of learning a foreign language
Authors: Savelieva E.B.
Published: April 2024

The article touches upon an urgent issue that concerns the process of reading as a type of speech activity in teaching a foreign language. Attention is focused on the problematic aspects of reading activity and the possibilities of overcoming emerging difficulties.
Ontology of declaration: Towards the characteristics of modern philosophy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Bogatov Mikhail A. , Pavlova Daria A. ,   V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to consideration of the state of modern ontological thought. It is no coincidence that after Heidegger there is virtually no systematic consideration of the concept of being in philosophy. Does this mean that the problem of being has lost its relevance? Or does this indicate that the concept of being continues (albeit in a negative way) to determine the face of modern philosophy? The author proposes to consider the history of ontology through the sequential passage of three stages: ”ontology of being” – ”ontology of the due” – ”ontology of declaration”. Theoretical analysis. At the first stage, the example of the four limitations of being according to Heidegger's point of view is considered: ”becoming”, ”appearance”, ”thinking” and ”due”. At the same time, the fundamental difference between what should be and the other three restrictions is pointed out. The origin of the ”due” from the normative-legal mindset is analyzed. Then a brief description of the fundamental differences of the “ontology of declaration” versus the “ontology of being” and the “ontology of the due” is given. It is indicated that the source of the emergence of the “ontology of declaration” should be seen in the works of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, and its consistent development in the projects of object-oriented ontology. Conclusion. As a result, it is pointed out that a “declaration ontology” is not a “declaration of an ontology”. A preliminary forecast for the further development of the “ontology of declaration” is given.
Main types of military identity of military universities cadets
Authors:   Saratov Military Order of Zhukov Red Banner Institute of National Guard of the Russian Federation, Akbutaev Vladimir O.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article presents the results of the study of the main types of military identity of cadets. A new methodology for determining two types of military identity and assessing their significance is proposed as a toolkit. Theoretical analysis. Military identity, as one of the types of identity in the structure of a serviceman’s personality, is interesting to study not only through the prism of the main focus of his security responsibilities. A serviceman always acts as a part of military staff, so military identity should also be studied through the relationship of his personality with the surrounding military team. Empirical analysis. The purpose of the study was to develop a new instrument for identifying and assessing this relationship in the structure of military identity. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the proposed instrument is characterized by a sufficient level of validity and reliability to identify and assess the two main types of cadets’ military identity. Conclusion. In the course of the study, two types of cadets’ military identity were identified: general military identity and identity with the military staff. It was confirmed that the proposed methodology is characterized by a sufficient level of validity, reliability and is a reliable diagnostic tool for determining and assessing the significance of the specified types of military identity.
Generalized readiness as a socio-psychological attitude
Authors:   Saratov State University, Gogol Svetlana S.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Modern social challenges make it necessary to adapt the individual to rapidly changing conditions. The concept of generalized readiness of the individual is proposed as a socio-psychological construct that contributes to the effectiveness of such adaptation. Theoretical analysis. The article discusses domestic and foreign works describing the phenomenon of readiness, as well as constructs similar in content: vitality, resilience, tolerance to uncertainty. A comparative analysis of these concepts is carried out. The concept of generalized readiness is proposed as an attitude that presupposes a predisposition to certain social behavior and includes cognitive, motivational, emotional-volitional and behavioral components. The necessity of introducing the construct of generalized readiness for a wide range of social situations is substantiated, which represents a personal resource that helps to cope with situations of social challenge, uncertainty and maintain self-efficacy in changing conditions. The main content characteristics of a person’s generalized readiness are described. Conclusion. The analysis made it possible to formulate a definition of generalized readiness as a system of formed attitudes focused on effective life activity in conditions of uncertainty, manifested in a situation of interaction with Others, taking into account existing experience, self-esteem, ideas about one’s own competence and self-efficacy.
Archetypal images of a leader
Authors:   Samara branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Komarov Vadim V.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article examines the archetypal images of the leader, reveals the concept of the archetype of the leader, shows the image of the leader in the context of different historical and cultural epochs. Theoretical analysis. The analysis of key sources on the topic was carried out, the theory of the archetype and the collective unconscious of K. Jung was chosen as the methodological basis of the research. The author also gives the comparative analysis of leadership archetypes and modern ideas about the archetypes of leaders based on the own typology of leadership styles and V. G. Turkina’s approach to the analysis of the archetypes of the modern hero-leader through the prism of key parameters of mass society. Conclusion. Of particular importance for understanding the content of leadership are the key archetypes of analytical psychology (anima, animus, shadow, self). The author comes to the conclusion that leadership is perceived at all times and among different peoples from common positions: leaders appear in the images of a superman (deity), ruler, hero, sage, transformation. These images can be considered archetypal. Modern images of leadership generated by socio-economic progress and the peculiarities of mass culture, mass production and consumption correlate with the primordial images of leaders, but reflect the current state of society. These are the archetypes of the Achiever, Inspirer, Bureaucrat, Organizer, Team (Project) Leader and Expert.
Motivation of humanities students to learn foreign languages: Changes and trends
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Abramova Irina Е. , Shishmolina Elena P. ,   Petrozavodsk State University
Published: April 2024

Introduction. In teaching foreign languages to Russian students there is a tendency of decreasing motivation in learning European languages because of changes in the geopolitical situation. The aim of the article is to analyze the dynamics of the changes in students’motivation to learn English at Petrozavodsk State University from 2019 to 2022. Theoretical analysis. A comparative analysis of Russian and foreign studies shows that low motivation to learn prevents students from achieving high results. The motivational sphere is influenced by such objective and subjective factors as profession, age, gender, learning environment, and university curriculum. Empirical analysis. The study revealed two different trends. If the future historians, political scientists, and social workers still show their interest in learning English for the purpose of self-education and self-realization, then among the students specializing in “Tourism” the decrease in motivation, caused by the reduction of opportunities to use English in their professional activities in the near future, was recorded. Conclusion. The authors conclude that the task of stimulating students’ interest in learning European languages in Russian universities and the search for new non-standard methods of teaching foreign languages does not lose its relevance.
Restoration of Rock Permeability Degraded by Well Killing Fluid Using Ultrasonic Vibrations: Experimental Studies
Authors: Riabokon Evgenii P. , Turbakov Mikhail S. , Gladkikh Evgenii A. , Kozhevnikov Evgenii V. , Guzev Mikhail A.
Published: April 2024

The operation of oil production wells is accompanied by the invasion of well killing fluids into a near wellbore zone while well intervention which deteriorates rock permeability and decreases well oil rate. In order to restore the permeability of the rock in the near wellbore zone of the formation, it is proposed in this work to use ultrasonic alternating loading during well inflow stimulation. To study the effect of alternating loading on the permeability of rocks, a laboratory set-up is developed and filtration experiments are carried out. The rock studied was sandstone of medium permeability. The experimental studies included four stages: filtration of the killing fluid (calcium chloride solution) in the forward direction (simulating well killing); keeping the sample in conditions of pumped kill fluid; filtration of kerosene in the opposite direction (simulating an inflow stimulation) until the maximum possible restoration of permeability; filtration of kerosene in the reverse direction under ultrasonic alternating loading conditions for additional permeability restoration. It was revealed, that under conditions of ultrasonic alternating loading, the pore space of the rock, previously blocked by particles of the killing fluid, is unblocked and the permeability of the samples is restored. An analysis was made of the mechanism of blocking the pore space with the killing fluid and restoring the permeability of the rock.
Hurricane, Help, and Harm: Addressing Racial Inequity and Other Complex Trauma Using the “Resilience-Informed Leadership Approach” Across Time
Authors: Lassu Réka Anna , O’Steen Haley
Published: April 2024

The case study is about the 501(c)(3) nonprofit, the Make It Right Foundation (MIR), as it responded to Hurricane Katrina with Help and Harm between 2007-2022. The case focuses on the devastation of the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans, Louisiana, which impacted a disproportionate number of Black citizens already living below the poverty line before the hurricane destroyed their homes and community (i.e., Hurricane). Celebrity actor Brad Pitt led the foundation and promised to bring in renowned architects to build environmentally sustainable houses for the displaced residents (i.e., Help). The project garnered great media attention as Pitt provided his own donation and raised millions of dollars from fans and A-list celebrities. Unfortunately, the residents needed more than houses, but even those were not delivered. MIR’s board neglected to consider the likely racial inequity and other complex traumas already experienced by residents. Moreover, MIR’s inadequate aid, such as becoming completely unresponsive to requests for help, further compounded residents’ complex trauma (i.e., Harm). We apply the Trauma-Informed Approach (SAMHSA, 2014) to governance and examine the racial equity challenges of nonprofit board governance across time: before beginning work with constituents, during the execution of the nonprofit’s mission, and after problems arise. Furthermore, we introduce the “Resilience-Informed Leadership Approach” (RILA), which expands on the trauma-informed approach by recognizing the trauma of all those involved in the help process, recognizing survivors’ resilience, and including the possibility for posttraumatic growth. A multimedia instructor and trainer guide is provided with links to videos, statistics, and popular press articles to illustrate the case.
Reimagining Governance in a Racial Justice Coalition: A Case Study in Transforming Power
Authors: Freiwirth Judy
Published: April 2024

This case study elucidates the experiences of a mid-sized community-based nonprofit coalition whose mission is to address systemic racism and organize and advocate for racial justice. Following several years of operating as a fiscally sponsored coalition, their staff decided it was the opportune to establish themselves as an independent nonprofit with its own 501(c)(3) designation. This juncture presented a unique opportunity for the Coalition to design a governance model that was in alignment with their deep values of racial equity, shared leadership, democratic principles, nonhierarchal organizational structures, and the advancement of grassroots Black leadership, and the prioritization of individuals most adversely affected by systemic racism and oppression. This case study illustrates the Coalition’s transformational journey and the challenges encountered during the design process of their new governance model, based on the principles of the pioneering governance framework, Community Engagement Governance™ (Freiwirth, 2013).
A Case for Establishing Breastfeeding Medicine: A Quality Needs Assessment at a Large Academic Institution
Authors: Szugye Heidi , Wicklund Lorena , Epstein Allison , Giuliano Kimberly , Lam Suet Kam
Published: April 2024

Objective:Demand for breastfeeding medicine specialists has increased alongside the recognition of breastfeeding’s importance and complexities. In response, Cleveland Clinic Children’s established a breastfeeding medicine clinic in 2022. This survey aimed to identify the needs of providers to define impactful quality improvement initiatives.

Methods:An anonymous survey was sent in May 2022 to all providers caring for breastfeeding dyads at Cleveland Clinic. Basic statistical analyses were performed on the data.

Results:In all, 126 providers completed the survey (31.0% response rate). Provider-reported patient breastfeeding difficulties included latch issues (86.0%), nipple pain (73.0%), and undersupply (64.0%). Provider needs included access to lactation consultants (66.0%), patient education (58.0%), and a breastfeeding physician (56.0%). Provider-reported patient misconceptions and provider misconceptions were also reported.

Conclusions:The survey identified opportunities for supporting patients and providers by establishing a breastfeeding medicine clinic and highlighted the underestimation of breastfeeding difficulties by both providers and patients.
Breastfeeding Support for Minority Women Postdischarge: A Pilot Program
Authors: Rivero Giselle Garcia , Hooshmand Mary , Gattamorta Karina , Snowden Kenya
Published: April 2024

Objective:Human milk is the preferred source of nutrition for infants in their first 6 months of life. A majority of American women will initiate breastfeeding, but many will not continue due to the many challenges that arise, creating a significant gap between initiation and the long-term exclusivity rate. This quality improvement project aimed to increase postpartum lactation support encounters, fostering the mother’s knowledge and self-efficacy, which are known predictors for breastfeeding success.

Methods:Program participants received proactive lactation support via telephone every 24–72 hours throughout the first 2 weeks postpartum. Breastfeeding knowledge, self-efficacy, and exclusivity pre- and postprogram were assessed.

Results:All outreach attempts to participants were made as planned. Eight out of 20 enrolled participants completed the program and maintained breastfeeding exclusivity at 2 weeks. Breastfeeding knowledge scores were significantly higher at the completion of program compared with preprogram scores. Pre- and postprogram breastfeeding self-efficacy scores were not statistically significantly different; however, the mean was high for all participants, exceeding 65 both pre- and post-program.

Conclusions:Transferrable knowledge from this quality improvement project will support sustainable improvement of lactation support across other institutions.
The Communication Conundrum: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Descriptive Examination of Family Nurse Perspectives Surrounding Patient Information Exchange During Interfacility Patient Transfers in Montana
Authors: Johnson Elizabeth A. , Galatzan Benjamin J.
Published: April 2024

Background:Interfacility patient transfers are fraught with issues such as missed or ineffective communication in Montana given wide geographic distance between facilities and variance in resources. Inaccurate, absent, or delayed patient details may negatively affect patient outcomes and further result in duplicative testing and medication errors.Objective:The objective of this study was to describe the process of patient information communication during interfacility transfers as perceived by nurses practicing in Montana.Methods:The study design was a pilot cross-sectional descriptive approach. An online Qualtrics survey included demographic questions, two exploratory communication competence instruments, and four open-ended questions regarding communicating interfacility transfer patient information.Results:A total of 33 nurses completed the study, with the majority practicing at a critical access hospital (n= 15, 47%). Communication competence mean scores increased with dyad conversations, and a lack of standardized handoff tools noted as a challenge. Nurses identified the following as barriers in the interfacility transfer handoff: incivility, amount of paperwork, interoperability issues, incomplete or outdated information, time, and resources.Implications for practice:There is wide variability in current communication practices, ranging from verbal to electronic document transfers. The rural healthcare space is prime to continue examinations surrounding workflow optimization, accuracy, and consistency in shared information exchange at the time of interfacility transfer. There is an opportunity for potential training and education surrounding effective communication, interpersonal behaviors that support cross-organizational interactions, and the development of a standardized handoff tool contextual for interfacility transfer patients.