bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Levi-Civita connections for conformally deformed metrics on tame differential calculi
Authors: Bhowmick Jyotishman , Goswami Debashish , Joardar Soumalya
Published: September 2021

Given a tame differential calculus over a noncommutative algebra [Formula: see text] and an [Formula: see text]-bilinear metric [Formula: see text] consider the conformal deformation [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] being an invertible element of [Formula: see text] We prove that there exists a unique connection [Formula: see text] on the bimodule of one-forms of the differential calculus which is torsionless and compatible with [Formula: see text] We derive a concrete formula connecting [Formula: see text] and the Levi-Civita connection for the metric [Formula: see text] As an application, we compute the Ricci and scalar curvatures for a general conformal perturbation of the canonical metric on the noncommutative [Formula: see text]-torus as well as for a natural metric on the quantum Heisenberg manifold. For the latter, the scalar curvature turns out to be a negative constant.
On the orientational correlations in the supercooled chloride lithium aqueous solution using the hybrid reverse Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Kachour Zahira , Habchi Mohammed , Mesli Sidi Mohammed , Ziane Mohammed , Kotbi Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Employing the Hybrid Reverse Monte Carlo (HRMC) simulation, we compute, using the obtained three-dimensional configurations, the orientational correlations of water molecules in the supercooled 9.26 molal LiCl aqueous solution. This study aims to add relevant structural properties to those obtained in our latest studies and further support our findings. The Li/Cl pair ions hydration shells and the water molecules distribution studied using the Radial Pair Distribution Functions (RPDF), ([Formula: see text]) and ([Formula: see text]) are further described using the Orientational Pair Correlation Functions (OPCF), [Formula: see text] which describes the probability of a water molecule oriented by the Euler angles [Formula: see text], being located at the position [Formula: see text], with respect to another water molecule oriented [Formula: see text] placed at the origin. The high dimensionality of the orientational correlation functions has not presented a calculation disability, as known with several simulations, in the face of the efficiency of the HRMC and the water–water orientational correlation functions showed the dominant impact of ions on the water molecular dipole orientations within the hydration shells and in the hydrogen bonded molecules network.
A Novel Approach for Efficient Packet Transmission in Volunteered Computing MANET
Authors: Sekaran Ramesh , Patan Rizwan , Al-Turjman Fadi
Published: September 2021

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is summarized as a combination device that can move, synchronize and converse without any preceding management. Enhancing the lifetime energy is based on the status of the concerned channel. The node is accomplished of control the control messages. Due to unplanned methods of energy conservation, the node lifespan and quality of packet flow is defaced in the existing solution. It results in a network-to-node-energy trade-off, ensuing in a failure of the post-network. This failure results in reduced time-to-live and higher overhead. This paper discusses an effective buffer management mechanism, in addition to proposing a novel performance modeling in Volunteered Computing MANET and tactile internet Next, the best execution the nodes can accomplish under fractional data is completely portrayed for utilities for a general purpose. To associate the space between network efficiency and energy conservation based on the minimal overhead, this article proposes a switch state promoting mutual Optimized MAC protocol for conservation of a node's energy and the optimal use of available nodes before their energy drain. Simulation results are provided as proof of the proposed solution. The simulation results are compared with the existing system with performance measures of delay, throughput, energy consumption, and availability of the node.
QuestionComb: A Gamification Approach for the Visual Explanation of Linguistic Phenomena through Interactive Labeling
Authors: Sevastjanova Rita , Jentner Wolfgang , Sperrle Fabian , Kehlbeck Rebecca , Bernard Jürgen , El-assady Mennatallah
Published: September 2021

Linguistic insight in the form of high-level relationships and rules in text builds the basis of our understanding of language. However, the data-driven generation of such structures often lacks labeled resources that can be used as training data for supervised machine learning. The creation of such ground-truth data is a time-consuming process that often requires domain expertise to resolve text ambiguities and characterize linguistic phenomena. Furthermore, the creation and refinement of machine learning models is often challenging for linguists as the models are often complex, in-transparent, and difficult to understand. To tackle these challenges, we present a visual analytics technique for interactive data labeling that applies concepts from gamification and explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to support complex classification tasks. The visual-interactive labeling interface promotes the creation of effective training data. Visual explanations of learned rules unveil the decisions of the machine learning model and support iterative and interactive optimization. The gamification-inspired design guides the user through the labeling process and provides feedback on the model performance. As an instance of the proposed technique, we present
QuestionComb
, a workspace tailored to the task of question classification (i.e., in
information-seeking
vs.
non-information-seeking
questions). Our evaluation studies confirm that gamification concepts are beneficial to engage users through continuous feedback, offering an effective visual analytics technique when combined with active learning and XAI.
Domain-Specific Multi-Level IR Rewriting for GPU
Authors: Gysi Tobias , Müller Christoph , Zinenko Oleksandr , Herhut Stephan , Davis Eddie , Wicky Tobias , Fuhrer Oliver , Hoefler Torsten , Grosser Tobias
Published: September 2021

Most compilers have a single core intermediate representation (IR) (e.g., LLVM) sometimes complemented with vaguely defined IR-like data structures. This IR is commonly low-level and close to machine instructions. As a result, optimizations relying on domain-specific information are either not possible or require complex analysis to recover the missing information. In contrast, multi-level rewriting instantiates a hierarchy of dialects (IRs), lowers programs level-by-level, and performs code transformations at the most suitable level. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for the weather and climate domain. In particular, we develop a prototype compiler and design stencil- and GPU-specific dialects based on a set of newly introduced design principles. We find that two domain-specific optimizations (500 lines of code) realized on top of LLVM’s extensible MLIR compiler infrastructure suffice to outperform state-of-the-art solutions. In essence, multi-level rewriting promises to herald the age of specialized compilers composed from domain- and target-specific dialects implemented on top of a shared infrastructure.
GraphAttack
Authors: Manocha Aninda , Sorensen Tyler , Tureci Esin , Matthews Opeoluwa , Aragón Juan L. , Martonosi Margaret
Published: September 2021

Graph structures are a natural representation of important and pervasive data. While graph applications have significant parallelism, their characteristic pointer indirect loads to neighbor data hinder scalability to large datasets on multicore systems. A scalable and efficient system must tolerate latency while leveraging data parallelism across millions of vertices. Modern Out-of-Order (OoO) cores inherently tolerate a fraction of long latencies, but become clogged when running severely memory-bound applications. Combined with large power/area footprints, this limits their parallel scaling potential and, consequently, the gains that existing software frameworks can achieve. Conversely, accelerator and memory hierarchy designs provide performant hardware specializations, but cannot support diverse application demands.

To address these shortcomings, we present GraphAttack, a hardware-software data supply approach that accelerates graph applications on in-order multicore architectures. GraphAttack proposes compiler passes to (1) identify idiomatic long-latency loads and (2) slice programs along these loads into data Producer/ Consumer threads to map onto pairs of parallel cores. Each pair shares a communication queue; the Producer asynchronously issues long-latency loads, whose results are buffered in the queue and used by the Consumer. This scheme drastically increases memory-level parallelism (MLP) to mitigate latency bottlenecks. In equal-area comparisons, GraphAttack outperforms OoO cores, do-all parallelism, prefetching, and prior decoupling approaches, achieving a 2.87× speedup and 8.61× gain in energy efficiency across a range of graph applications. These improvements scale; GraphAttack achieves a 3× speedup over 64 parallel cores. Lastly, it has pragmatic design principles; it enhances in-order architectures that are gaining increasing open-source support.
Green Criminology: Capitalism, Green Crime and Justice, and Environmental Destruction
Authors: Lynch Michael J. , Long Michael A.
Published: September 2021

Green criminology has developed into a criminological subfield with a substantial literature. That literature is so vast that a single review cannot do it justice. This article examines the definition of green crime, the historical development of green criminology, some major areas of green criminological research, and potential future developments. Unlike traditional criminology with its focus on human victims, green criminology recognizes that various living entities can be victims of the ways in which humans harm ecosystems. Green research thus explores crime, victimization, and justice from several theoretical positions that acknowledge these unique victims. Although green criminology contains several approaches, this review primarily focuses on political economic green criminology. The section titled The Definition, Overview, and Historical Development of Green Criminology identifies, but does not review in depth, other forms of green criminology.
Glyme-Lithium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide Super-concentrated Electrolytes: Salt Addition to Solvate Ionic Liquids Lowers Ionicity but Liberates Lithium Ions
Authors: Kitada Atsushi , Koujin Yoshiki , Shimizu Masahiro , Kawata Kio , Yoshinaka Chiaki , Saimura Masayuki , Nagata Takashi , Katahira Masato , Fukami Kazuhiro , Murase Kuniaki
Published: September 2021

Solvate ionic liquids (ILs) such as binary equimolar mixtures of glymes (ethyleneglycol-dimethylether or CH3(OCH2CH2)
n
OCH3) and lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (LiTf2N; Tf = SO2CF3) are known to show identical self-diffusion coefficients for glymes and Li+ ions. Here, we report that the addition of LiTf2N to the solvate ILs drastically changes their electrolyte properties. When the lithium salts are added to give the super-concentrated electrolytes with [O]/[Li+] = 3 (molar ratio of ether oxygen to Li+), ligand exchange or hopping conduction of Li+ takes place for triglyme (G3; n = 3) and tetraglyme (G4; n = 4). In addition, the Li+ transference number t
Li+(EC), electrochemically measured under anion blocking conditions, increases about 3–6 times compared with the solvate ILs. Consequently, segmental motion of glymes apparently affects the transport properties even for the shorter G3 in the super-concentrated region. The relationship between the coordination structure and the transport properties are also discussed as a function of ionicity, the extent of the contribution of self-diffusion to the actual ion conduction. Plots vs ionicity demonstrate that a clear line can be drawn between the solvate ILs and the super-concentrated electrolytes.
Degradation Mechanism of Monocrystalline Ni-Rich Li[Ni

x

Mn

y

Co

z
]O
2 (NMC) Active Material in Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Teichert P. , Jahnke H. , Figgemeier E.
Published: September 2021

Lithium ion batteries are the enabler for electric vehicles and, hereby, a sustainable and green mobility in the future. However, there are high requirements regarding electric vehicles which can be translated into great demands of life time and sustainibility on cell level. Ni-rich Li[Ni

x

Mn

y

Co

z
]O
2 (NMC), where x ≥ 0.6, became the state of the art electrode material for the positive electrode to meet energy and power demands. However, further optimization is required to increase the life time and safety of those materials. An approach is the change from polycrystalline NMC to single crystals to increase the intrinsic stability by suppressing degradation phenomena like particle cracking. In this work, we show that particle cracking is still an issue for monocrystalline Ni-rich NMC811 under moderate abusive conditions. Intragranular cracking, i.e. cracking within the primary particle, was revealed as a result of structural degradation of the NMC structure accompanied with oxygen release and cross-talks which affected the SEI and, ultimately, accelerated the ageing of the single crystal NMC811 containing cell compared to its polycrystalline counterpart.
Hydrogen sulfide-dependent microvascular vasodilation is improved following chronic sulfhydryl-donating antihypertensive pharmacotherapy in adults with hypertension
Authors: Dillon Gabrielle A. , Stanhewicz Anna E. , Serviente Corinna , Greaney Jody L. , Alexander Lacy M.
Published: September 2021

This is the first study to prospectively assess the effects of sulfhydryl antihypertensive treatment on microvascular endothelial function in adults with hypertension. Our data suggest that 16 wk of SH-ACE-inhibitor antihypertensive treatment improves cutaneous microvascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation in middle-aged adults with hypertension, in part via H2S-dependent mechanisms.
Global Prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica in Cases of Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Riahi Seyed Mohammad , Ahmadi Ehsan , Zeinali Tayebeh
Published: September 2021

The prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica in gastroenteritis is often underestimated. It relates considerably to morbidity and medical expenses around the world. Understanding the cause of gastroenteritis leads to making the appropriate treatment decisions. We systematically searched PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, and Scopus to identify all published studies between Jan. 1, 2000, and Dec. 31, 2019, to assess the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica in gastroenteritis patients. A total of 5039 articles were identified that lead to the extraction of data from 47 of them. The pooled prevalence of Y. enterocolitica in cases of gastroenteritis was estimated as 1.97% (1.32–2.74%) in the culture method and 2.41% (1.07–4.22%) in the molecular method. Among the biotypes of Y. enterocolitica, 1A (62.48%) and 1B (2.14%) had the most and least prevalence, respectively. Serotype O3 Y. enterocolitica with 39.46% had the highest and O5,27 with 0.0% had the least prevalence in gastroenteritis cases. In conclusion, the findings of this systematic review show that Y. enterocolitica is prevalent in gastroenteritis in all age groups. Serotypes O3 and O9 of Y. enterocolitica had the highest prevalence and O5,27 had the least prevalence in diarrheal patients. The prevalence of Y. enterocolitica was similar in both gender and different seasons. It should be noted that to determine the role of the organism, more studies are needed especially in food-borne diseases.
Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.: Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Overview of the Himalayan Ferns
Authors: Semwal Prabhakar , Painuli Sakshi , Painuli Kartik M. , Antika Gizem , Tumer Tugba Boyunegmez , Thapliyal Ashish , Setzer William N. , Martorell Miquel , Alshehri Mohammed M. , Taheri Yasaman , Daştan Sevgi Durna , Ayatollahi Seyed Abdulmajid , Petkoska Anka Trajkovska , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Cho William C.
Published: September 2021

The genus Diplazium (family: Athyriaceae) comprises approximately 350 species of pteridophytes. Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is an important member of this genus and commonly known as a wild vegetable in the Himalayan and sub‐Himalayan communities. According to the literature analysis, D. esculentum was traditionally used for the prevention or treatment of several diseases such as diabetes, smallpox, asthma, diarrhea, rheumatism, dysentery, headache, fever, wounds, pain, measles, hypertension, constipation, oligospermia, bone fracture, and glandular swellings. Various extracts of D. esculentum were evaluated to elucidate their phytochemical and pharmacological activities. A wide array of pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, CNS stimulant, and antianaphylactic activities have been recognized in different parts of D. esculentum. The review covers a systematic examination of pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications of D. esculentum, but scientifically, it is not fully assessed regarding complete therapeutic effects, toxicity, and safety in the human body. The published literature on D. esculentum and its therapeutic properties were collected from different search engines including Wiley online, PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ACS publications by using specific terms such as “Diplazium esculentum, bioactive compounds, biological activities and health benefits” from 1984 to 2021 (March). Therefore, further studies are required to identify the detailed action mechanism of D. esculentum in vitro/in vivo, and also, more studies should focus on conservation, cultivation, and sustainable utilization of the species.
Archive-Based Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm for Large-Scale EV Charging Station Energy Management
Authors: Sheng Wanxing , Duan Qing , Wang Haoqing , Sha Guanglin , Ma Chunyan
Published: September 2021

With the increase in renewable energy, improving the utilization rate of renewable energy is of great practical significance. The microgrid has been proved effective in addressing this issue. As a flexible load, electric vehicles are connected to the grid on a large scale, which will have an impact on the grid. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a microgrid energy management model for electric vehicle charging stations, which takes into account the economics of microgrid operation and the stability of grid operation. Subsequently, this paper proposes an evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithm to deal with constraints. Finally, this paper verifies the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm through experiments.
Simultaneous Determination of the Five Constituents in Maiwei Dihuang Pills by the HPLC-DAD Method
Authors: Jia Danchun , Cai Hong , Ke Yuan
Published: September 2021

Objective. The purpose of study is to establish an HPLC-DAD method for determination of the five constituents (deoxyschizandrin, γ-schizandrin, loganin, paeoniflorin, and paeonol) in Maiwei Dihuang Pills. Methods. An Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 chromatographic column was carried out to determine the five constituents of 50% methanol extract of Maiwei Dihuang Pills. Results. It was found the chromatographic peak resolution of each component in the study sample solution was 1.5 higher than that of other peaks and no peaks appeared in the blank control solution during the same time, suggesting specificity of HPLC-DAD was well established. The linearity test indicated that deoxyschizandrin, γ-schizandrin, loganin, paeoniflorin, and paeonol were 11.6–72.3 μg/mL, 6.4–45.2 μg/mL, 35.2–237.6 μg/mL, 18.1–114.2 μg/mL, and 32.2–215.3 μg/mL, respectively, suggesting each component has a good linear relationship within its own range. Additionally, the precision of HPLC-DAD was confirmed by a precision test; the stability of the study sample solution was confirmed by a stability test; and good reproducibility of HPLC-DAD was proved by a reproducible test. The recovery rate test showed that relative standard deviation (RSD) of recovery rate in deoxyschizandrin, γ-schizandrin, loganin, paeoniflorin, and paeonol was 100.26% (1.80%), 101.39% (1.74%), 101.19% (1.76%), 102.50% (1.65%), and 102.30% (1.58%), respectively. Conclusions. HPLC-DAD used to determine the five constituents in Maiwei Dihuang Pills, and it was easier and faster to operate, showing good condition in repeatability, precision, stability, and recovery, which is a great option for quality control.
A Multistakeholder Approach to the Airport Gate Assignment Problem: Application of Fuzzy Theory for Optimal Performance Indicator Selection
Authors: Li Haonan , Wu Xu , Liang Yinghui , Zhang Chen
Published: September 2021

Airport gate assignment performance indicator selection is a complicated decision‐making problem with strong subjectivity and difficulty in measuring the importance of each indicator. A better selection of performance indicators (PIs) can greatly increase the airport overall benefit. We adopt a multicriteria decision‐making approach to quantify qualitative PIs and conduct subsequent selection using the fuzzy clustering method. First, we identify 21 commonly used PIs through literature review and survey. Subsequently, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process technique was employed to obtain the selection criteria weights based on the relative importance of significance, availability, and generalisability. Further, we aggregated the selection criteria weights and experts’ score to evaluate each PI for the clustering process. The fuzzy‐possibilistic product partition c‐means algorithm was applied to divide the PIs into different groups based on the three selection criteria as partitioning features. The cluster with highest weights of the centre was identified as the very high‐influence cluster, and 10 PIs were identified as a result. This study revealed that the passenger‐oriented objective is the most important performance criterion; however, the relevance of the airport/airline‐oriented and robustness‐oriented performance objectives was highlighted as well. It also offers a scientific approach to determine the objective functions for future gate assignment research. And, we believe, through slight modifications, this model can be used in other airports, other indicator selection problems, or other scenarios at the same airport to facilitate policy making and real situation practice, hence facilitate the management system for the airport.
Urdu Handwritten Characters Data Visualization and Recognition Using Distributed Stochastic Neighborhood Embedding and Deep Network
Authors: Husnain Mujtaba , Saad Missen Malik Muhammad , Mumtaz Shahzad , Khan Dost Muhammad , Coustaty Mickäel , Luqman Muhammad Muzzamil , Ogier Jean-Marc , Khattak Hizbullah , Ali Sikandar , Samad Ali
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we make use of the 2‐dimensional data obtained through t‐Stochastic Neighborhood Embedding (t‐SNE) when applied on high‐dimensional data of Urdu handwritten characters and numerals. The instances of the dataset used for experimental work are classified in multiple classes depending on the shape similarity. We performed three tasks in a disciplined order; namely, (i) we generated a state‐of‐the‐art dataset of both the Urdu handwritten characters and numerals by inviting a number of native Urdu participants from different social and academic groups, since there is no publicly available dataset of such type till date, then (ii) applied classical approaches of dimensionality reduction and data visualization like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Autoencoders (AE) in comparison with t‐Stochastic Neighborhood Embedding (t‐SNE), and (iii) used the reduced dimensions obtained through PCA, AE, and t‐SNE for recognition of Urdu handwritten characters and numerals using a deep network like Convolution Neural Network (CNN). The accuracy achieved in recognition of Urdu characters and numerals among the approaches for the same task is found to be much better. The novelty lies in the fact that the resulting reduced dimensions are used for the first time for the recognition of Urdu handwritten text at the character level instead of using the whole multidimensional data. This results in consuming less computation time with the same accuracy when compared with processing time consumed by recognition approaches applied to other datasets for the same task using the whole data.
Effect of Shale Sample Particle Size on Pore Structure Obtained from High Pressure Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry
Authors: Gao Zhiye , Duan Longfei , Hu Qinhong , Xiong Shuling , Zhang Tongwei
Published: September 2021

With the rapid development of unconventional oil and gas, the pore structure characterization of shale reservoirs has attracted an increasing attention. High pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry (HPMIP) has been widely used to quantitatively characterize the pore structure of tight shales. However, the pore structure obtained from HPMIP could be significantly affected by the sample particle size used for the analyses. This study mainly investigates the influence of shale sample particle size on the pore structure obtained from HPMIP, using Mississippian-aged Barnett Shale samples. The results show that the porosity of Barnett Shale samples with different particle sizes obtained from HPMIP has an exponentially increasing relation with the particle size, which is mainly caused by the new pores or fractures created during shale crushing process as well as the increasing exposure of blind or closed pores. The amount and proportion of mercury retention during mercury extrusion process increase with the decrease of shale particle size, which is closely related to the increased ink-bottle effect in shale sample with smaller particle size. In addition, the fractal dimension of Barnett Shale is positively related to the particle size, which indicates that the heterogeneity of pore structure is stronger in shale sample with larger particle size. Furthermore, the skeletal density of shale sample increases with the decrease of particle size, which is possibly caused by the differentiation of mineral composition during shale crushing process.
A Privacy-Preserving Data Transmission Scheme Based on Oblivious Transfer and Blockchain Technology in the Smart Healthcare
Authors: Yang Huijie , Shen Jian , Lu Junqing , Zhou Tianqi , Xia Xueya , Ji Sai
Published: September 2021

With the development of the Internet of Things and the demand for telemedicine, the smart healthcare system has attracted much attention in recent years. As a platform for medical data interaction, the smart healthcare system is demanded to ensure the privacy of both the receiver and the sender, as well as the security of data transmission. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving data transmission scheme where both secure ciphertext conversion and malicious users identification are supported. In particular, the

OT

m
n

protocol is introduced to guarantee the two-way privacy of communication parties. Meanwhile, we adopt proxy reencryption algorithm to support secure ciphertext conversion so as to ensure the confidentiality of data in many-to-many communication pattern. In addition, by taking advantage of the concept of blockchain technology, a novel

OT

m
n

protocol is proposed to prevent data from being tampered with and effectively identify malicious users. Theoretical and experimental analyses indicate that the proposed scheme is practical for smart healthcare with high security and efficiency.
Identification and Prognostic Value Exploration of Radiotherapy Sensitivity‐Associated Genes in Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ma Qing , Geng Kai , Xiao Ping , Zeng Lili
Published: September 2021

Background. Non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis. The radiotherapy is one of the most common treatments of NSCLC, and the radiotherapy sensitivity of patients could affect the individual prognosis of NSCLC. However, the prognostic signatures related to radiotherapy response still remain limited. Here, we explored the radiosensitivity‐associated genes and constructed the prognostically predictive model of NSCLC cases. Methods. The NSCLC samples with radiotherapy records were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and the mRNA expression profiles of NSCLC patients from the GSE30219 and GSE31210 datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA), univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), multivariate Cox regression analysis, and nomogram were conducted to identify and validate the radiotherapy sensitivity‐related signature. Results. WGCNA revealed that 365 genes were significantly correlated with radiotherapy response. LASSO Cox regression analysis identified 8 genes, including FOLR3, SLC6A11, ALPP, IGFN1, KCNJ12, RPS4XP22, HIST1H2BH, and BLACAT1. The overall survival (OS) of the low‐risk group was better than that of the high‐risk group separated by the Risk Score based on these 8 genes for the NSCLC patients. Furthermore, the immune infiltration analysis showed that monocytes and activated memory CD4 T cells had different relative proportions in the low‐risk group compared with the high‐risk group. The Risk Score was correlated with immune checkpoints, including CTLA4, PDL1, LAG3, and TIGIT. Conclusion. We identified 365 genes potentially correlated with the radiotherapy response of NSCLC patients. The Risk Score model based on the identified 8 genes can predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Intra‐articular Injection of Baicalein Inhibits Cartilage Catabolism and NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling in a Posttraumatic OA Model
Authors: Bai Hui , Yuan Rui , Zhang Zhiheng , Liu Lin , Wang Xinyu , Song Xiaopeng , Ma Tianwen , Tang Jilang , Liu Chunpeng , Gao Li
Published: September 2021

Baicalein has been shown to have chondroprotective potential in vitro. However, its effect on disease modification in osteoarthritis (OA) is largely unknown. The present study is aimed at determining whether baicalein could slow the progression of OA and inhibit OA‐related inflammation in a rat model of destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and the underlying mechanisms. The rats subjected to DMM surgery were treated with baicalein (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 μg/L, 50 μL, once a week) by intra‐articular injection for 6 weeks. Dexamethasone (0.4 mg/mL, 50 μL, once a week) was used as a positive control. Histologic grading of cartilage degeneration was performed using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) recommended grading system (on a scale of 0‐6). The expression levels of molecules associated with cartilage homeostasis and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed; moreover, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cartilage oxidative stress‐associated molecules were determined. Baicalein treatment reduced the OARSI score and slowed OA disease progression in a dose‐dependent manner within a certain range. Compared with DMM rats, intra‐articular injection of baicalein led to (1) reduced levels of inflammatory mediates such as IL‐1β and TNF‐α, (2) reduced immunochemical staining of MMP‐13 and ADAMTS‐5, (3) suppressed immunochemical staining loss of type II collagen, (4) reduced expression of cartilage degradation markers including CTX‐II and COMP in urine, and (5) inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation rather than regulated expression of SOD, GSH, and MDA. In contrast to the administration of baicalein, dexamethasone injection showed similar effects to slow OA progression, while dexamethasone inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome partly through decreasing levels of SOD, GSH, and MDA. This study indicated that baicalein may have the potential for OA prevention and exerts anti‐inflammatory effects partly via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation without affecting oxidative stress‐associated molecules, and inhibition of cartilage catabolism enzymes in an OA rat model.
Network Modeling of Hurricane Evacuation Using Data-Driven Demand and Incident-Induced Capacity Loss Models
Authors: Zhu Yuan , Ozbay Kaan , Xie Kun , Yang Hong , Morgul Ender Faruk
Published: September 2021

The development of a hurricane evacuation simulation model is a crucial task in emergency management and planning. Two major issues affect the reliability of an evacuation model: one is estimations of evacuation traffic based on socioeconomic characteristics, and the other is capacity change and its influence on evacuation outcome due to traffic incidents in the context of hurricanes. Both issues can impact the effectiveness of emergency planning in terms of evacuation order issuance, and evacuation route planning. The proposed research aims to investigate the demand and supply modeling in the context of hurricane evacuations. This methodology created three scenarios for the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area, including one base and two evacuation scenarios with different levels of traffic demand and capacity uncertainty. Observed volume data prior to Hurricane Sandy is collected to model the response curve of the model, and the empirical incident data under actual evacuation conditions are analyzed and modeled. Then, the modeled incidents are incorporated into the planning model modified for evacuation. Simulation results are sampled and compared with observed sensor-based travel times as well as O-D-based trip times of NYC taxi data. The results show that the introduction of incident frequency and duration models can significantly improve the performance of the evacuation model. The results of this approach imply the importance of traffic incident consideration for hurricane evacuation simulation.
Social Service Model and Value Evaluation of Libraries under Sharing Economy
Authors: Liu Ping , Cai Lijing , Luo Liqin
Published: September 2021

Libraries are increasingly marginalized by the information construction of electronic resources retrieval platform. This calls for a novel social service model (SSM) for libraries to enhance the overall value of their various service functions. Therefore, this paper explores the SSM and value evaluation of libraries under sharing economy. Firstly, the SSM of libraries was broken down into a base layer, a physical layer, and a virtual layer, and an evaluation index system (EIS) was constructed for the social sharing service (SSS) value of libraries. Next, the SSS value of libraries was evaluated and predicted, and the functional value of the SSM of libraries was analyzed in detail. The proposed prediction model was proved effective through experiments, and the SSS functions of libraries were valued.
Electrochemical Determination of Diclofenac by Using ZIF-67/g-C3N4 Modified Electrode
Authors: Hoa Dang Thi Ngoc , Tu Nguyen Thi Thanh , Son Le Van Thanh , Son Le Vu Truong , Toan Tran Thanh Tam , Thong Pham Le Minh , Nhiem Dao Ngoc , Lieu Pham Khac , Khieu Dinh Quang
Published: September 2021

A facial differential pulse voltammetric procedure using a glassy carbon electrode modified with zeolite imidazolate framework-67/graphitic carbon nitride (ZIF-67/ g-C3N4) for the diclofenac (DCF) determination is demonstrated. ZIF-67/ g-C3N4 with different mass ratios of the components was synthesized in a self-assembly process. The obtained materials were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX-mapping, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. The peak current varies linearly with the DCF concentration in the range of 0.2–2.2  μmol·L−1 and has a detection limit of 0.071  μmol·L−1. The modified electrode exhibits acceptable repeatability, reproducibility, and selectivity towards DCF. The proposed electrode allows determining DCF in human urine without pretreatment, and the results are comparable with those determined with HPLC.
[Retracted] Sensor‐Based Environmental Perception Technology for Intelligent Vehicles
Authors: Wang Biyao , Han Yi , Tian Di , Guan Tian
Published: September 2021

Environmental perception technology is the basis and premise of intelligent vehicle decision control of intelligent vehicles, a crucial link of intelligent vehicles to realize intelligence, and also the basic guarantee of its safety and intelligence. The accuracy and robustness of the perception algorithm will directly affect or even determine the realization of the upper function of intelligent vehicles. The wrong environmental perception will affect the control of the vehicle, thus causing safety risks. This paper discusses the intelligent vehicle perception technology and introduces the development status and control strategies of several important sensors such as machine vision, laser radar, and millimeter‐wave radar. Target detection, target recognition, and multisensor fusion are analyzed in the optimized part of sensor results. The functions of the intelligent vehicle assistance system which has been applied to the ground at present are described, and the lane detection, adaptive cruise control (ACC), and autonomous emergency braking (AEB) are analyzed. Finally, the paper looks forward to the research direction of sense‐based intelligent vehicle perception technology, which will play an important role in guiding the development of intelligent vehicles and accelerate the landing process of intelligent vehicles.
Cooperation-Driven Virtual Terminal Coalition Formation Games for Task Assignment in Mobile Crowdsensing
Authors: Yu Haifei , Chen Shiyong , Liu Xiang , Wu Yucheng
Published: September 2021

Mobile crowdsensing (MCS) is a popular way of data collection, which forms the large-scale sensing system by smart mobile terminal users and provides multimodal sensor data. In the sensing scenario, there are various sense resource requirements of tasks released by the platform. One of the most urgent issues in MCS is how to choose corresponding users with appropriate sense resources to accomplish assigned tasks. In this article, cooperating among a host of users to perform sense tasks is considered. Firstly, the cooperation among users to accomplish the sense tasks is described as an overlapping coalition formation game (OCF game). In addition, an initial coalition method of using social networks (SN) is proposed to accelerate the formation of coalition. Finally, the cooperation degree is used to describe the cooperative relationships among users, and virtual terminal coalition formation (VTCF) algorithm is proposed to simplify the process of coalition formation. The simulated results show that the proposed approach effectively improves the system’s utility under the constraints of task cost and sense quality.
Kalman Filter: Historical Overview and Review of Its Use in Robotics 60 Years after Its Creation
Authors: Urrea Claudio , Agramonte Rayko
Published: September 2021

Due to its widespread application in the robotics field, the Kalman filter has received increased attention from researchers. This work reviews some of the modifications conducted on to this algorithm over the last years. Problems such as the consistency, convergence, and accuracy of the filter are also dealt with. Sixty years after its creation, the Kalman filter is still used in autonomous navigation processes, robot control, and trajectory tracking, among other activities. The filter is not only restricted to robotics but is also present in different fields, such as economics and medicine. In addition, the characteristics of each modification on this filter are analyzed and compared.
[Retracted] A New Survival Model Based on Cholesterol Biosynthesis‐Related Genes for Prognostic Prediction in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Qi Xiaochen , Lv Xin , Wang Xiaoxi , Ruan Zihao , Zhang Peizhi , Wang Qifei , Xu Yingkun , Wu Guangzhen
Published: September 2021

In our study, the value of cholesterol biosynthesis is related to clinical analysis in 32 cancer forms in the GSEA database facility. We have a mutation between 25 CBRGs. In The Cancer Genome Atlas database, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC, n = 539) was upregulated or downregulated in 22 out of 25 cases (n = 72) compared with normal kidney tissue. Then, using LASSO regression analysis, the survival model that is based on nine risk‐related CBRGs (CYP51A1, HMGCR, HMGCS1, IDI1, FDFT1, SQLE, ACAT2, FDPS, and NSDHL) is established. ROC curves confirmed the good omen of the new survival mode, and the area under the curve is 0.72 (5 years) and 0.709 (10 years). High SQLE and ACAT2 expression and low NSDHL, FDPS, CYP51A1, FDFT1, HMGCS1, HMGCR, and IDI1 expression were closely related to patients with high‐risk renal clear cell carcinoma. Two types of Cox regression, uni‐ and multivariate, were used to determine risk scores, age, staging, and grade as independent risk factors for prognosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The results showed the prediction model established by 9 selected CBRGs could predict the prognosis more accurately.
Low-Dose Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy
Authors: Herrera Fernanda G. , Ronet Catherine , Ochoa de Olza Maria , Barras David , Crespo Isaac , Andreatta Massimo , Corria-Osorio Jesus , Spill Aodrenn , Benedetti Fabrizio , Genolet Raphael , Orcurto Angela , Imbimbo Martina , Ghisoni Eleonora , Navarro Rodrigo Blanca , Berthold Dominik R. , Sarivalasis Apostolos , Zaman Khalil , Duran Rafael , Dromain Clarisse , Prior John , Schaefer Niklaus , Bourhis Jean , Dimopoulou Georgia , Tsourti Zoi , Messemaker Marius , Smith Thomas , Warren Sarah E. , Foukas Periklis , Rusakiewicz Sylvie , Pittet Mikaël J. , Zimmermann Stefan , Sempoux Christine , Dafni Urania , Harari Alexandre , Kandalaft Lana E. , Carmona Santiago J. , Dangaj Laniti Denarda , Irving Melita , Coukos George
Published: September 2021

Developing strategies to inflame tumors is critical for increasing response to immunotherapy. Here, we report that low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) of murine tumors promotes T-cell infiltration and enables responsiveness to combinatorial immunotherapy in an IFN-dependent manner. Treatment efficacy relied upon mobilizing both adaptive and innate immunity and depended on both cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. LDRT elicited predominantly CD4+ cells with features of exhausted effector cytotoxic cells, with a subset expressing NKG2D and exhibiting proliferative capacity, as well as a unique subset of activated dendritic cells expressing the NKG2D ligand RAE1. We translated these findings to a phase I clinical trial administering LDRT, low-dose cyclophosphamide, and immune checkpoint blockade to patients with immune-desert tumors. In responsive patients, the combinatorial treatment triggered T-cell infiltration, predominantly of CD4+ cells with Th1 signatures. Our data support the rational combination of LDRT with immunotherapy for effectively treating low T cell–infiltrated tumors.

Significance:

Low-dose radiation reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment of tumors with scarce immune infiltration and together with immunotherapy induced simultaneous mobilization of innate and adaptive immunity, predominantly CD4+ effector T cells, to achieve tumor control dependent on NKG2D. The combination induced important responses in patients with metastatic immune-cold tumors.

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Comparison of the Previous and Current Trauma-Related Shock Classifications: A Retrospective Cohort Study from a Level I Trauma Center
Authors: Jávor Péter , Csonka Endre , Butt Edina , Rárosi Ferenc , Babik Barna , Török László , Varga Endre , Hartmann Petra
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The aim was to examine the predictive value of the hypovolemic shock classification currently accepted by the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) program over the previous one, which used only vital signs (VS) for patient allocation. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality; as secondary outcome, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and base deficit (BD) data were compared and investigated in terms of mortality prediction. Methods: Retrospective analysis at a level I trauma center between 2014 and 2019. Adult patients treated by trauma teams were allocated into severity classes (I–IV) based on the criteria of the current and previous ATLS classifications, respectively. The prognostic values for the classifications were determined with Fisher’s exact test and χ2 test for independence, and compared with the 2-proportion Z test. The individual variables were analyzed with receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. Results: A total of 156 patients met the inclusion criteria. Mortality was effectively predicted by both classifications, and there was no statistically significant difference between the predictive performances. According to ROC analyses, GCS, BD and SBP had significant prognostic values while HR change was ineffective in this regard. Conclusions: The currently used ATLS shock classification does not appear to be superior to the VS-based previous classification. GCS, BD and SBP are useful parameters to predict the prognosis. Changes in HR do not reflect the clinical course accurately; thus, further studies will be needed to determine the value of this parameter in trauma-associated hypovolemic-hemorrhagic shock conditions.
The Formation of Spore-Like Akinetes: A Survival Strategy of Filamentous Cyanobacteria
Authors: Garg Ritu , Maldener Iris
Published: September 2021

Some cyanobacteria of the order Nostocales can form akinetes, spore-like dormant cells resistant to various unfavorable environmental fluctuations. Akinetes are larger than vegetative cells and contain large quantities of reserve products, mainly glycogen and the nitrogen storage polypeptide polymer cyanophycin. Akinetes are enveloped in a thick protective coat containing a multilayered structure and are able to germinate into new vegetative cells under suitable growth conditions. Here, we summarize the significant morphological and physiological changes that occur during akinete differentiation and germination and present our investigation of the physiological function of the storage polymer cyanophycin in these cellular processes. We show that the cyanophycin production is not required for formation and germination of the akinetes in the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413.
A Patient with Kabuki Syndrome Mutation Presenting with Very Severe Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Tamura Shinobu , Kosako Hideki , Furuya Yoshiaki , Yamashita Yusuke , Mushino Toshiki , Mishima Hiroyuki , Kinoshita Akira , Nishikawa Akinori , Yoshiura Ko-Ichiro , Sonoki Takashi
Published: September 2021

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare congenital disorder commonly complicated by humoral immunodeficiency. Patients with KS present with mutation in the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) gene. Although various KMT2D mutations are often identified in lymphoma and leukemia, those encountered in aplastic anemia (AA) are limited. Herein, we present the case of a 45-year-old Japanese man who developed severe pancytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia. He did not present with any evident malformations, intellectual disability, or detectable levels of autoantibodies. However, B-cell development was impaired. Therefore, a diagnosis of very severe AA due to a hypoplastic marrow, which did not respond to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, was made. The patient received umbilical cord blood transplantation but died from a Pseudomonas infection before neutrophil engraftment. Trio whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel missense heterozygous mutation c.15959G >A (p.R5320H) in exon 50 of the KMT2D gene. Moreover, Sanger sequencing of peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells and a skin biopsy specimen obtained from this patient identified this heterozygous mutation, suggesting that de novo mutation associated with KS occurred in the early embryonic development. Our case showed a novel association between KS mutation and adult-onset AA.