bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caramel: Um Framework para Ecossistema de Big Social Data
Authors: Silva Júnior Paulo Freitas , França Tiago , Oliveira Jonice
Published: October 2023

As pessoas se engajam nas mídias sociais, produzindo e propagando (em alta velocidade) grandes volumes de dados semanticamente ricos em informações. Essas características estão relacionadas a área e as pesquisas de Big Social Data (BSD). Mesmo diante das possibilidades, a extração de informação de trabalhos alinhados com o conceito de BSD está relacionada a retrabalho, falta de recursos técnicos e humanos e pouca colaboração. Esta proposta apresenta um Framework para Ecossistemas de BSD que orienta a criação de artefatos e o compartilhamento desses e de outros recursos úteis para lidar com a coleta, processamento, armazenamento, análise e visualização de dados sociais.
Privacy-Preserving Techniques for Social Network Analysis
Authors: Mendonça André L. C. , Brito Felipe T. , Machado Javam C.
Published: October 2023

With the increasing concerns over data privacy, preserving the privacy of individuals in social network analysis has become crucial. This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of methods and techniques to protect individual privacy while conducting social network analysis. We perform a deep analysis of differential privacy, which is a rigorous mathematical framework to protect individual privacy while enabling accurate analysis of network structure and characteristics. Additionally, this tutorial explores a variety of examples and case studies to demonstrate the application of these techniques in practical scenarios.
Automatic Disambiguation of Author Names: Foundations, Methods and Open Issues
Authors: Ferreira Anderson A. , Laender Alberto H. F.
Published: October 2023

This tutorial is based on our book “Automatic Disambiguation of Author Names in Bibliographic Repositories” and aims to spread the problem and its challenges among the SBBD community. Author name ambiguity problem occurs when an author publishes works under distinct names or distinct authors publish works under similar names. This problem may be caused by a number of reasons, including the lack of standards and common practices, and the decentralized generation of bibliographic content. In this tutorial, we intend to present an ample view on the automatic disambiguation of author names. We start by discussing its motivational issues, defining the author name disambiguation task and presenting its foundations. Next, we describe some methods proposed by our research group, as well as some recent approaches to author name disambiguation. Finally, we discuss open issues.
Introdução à Ciência de Dados em Cibersegurança
Authors: Borges Ligia F. , Nogueira Michele
Published: October 2023

A evolução e a popularização dos dispositivos computacionais e tecnologias de comunicação permitem o surgimento de novas ameaças de segurança ou potencializam as ameaças existentes. Pessoas mal-intencionadas exploram esses avanços e o aperfeiçoamento de técnicas de análise de dados e a inteligência artificial para criar uma quantidade maior de ataques, muitos deles com maior sofisticação, maior frequência e abrangência. Esses ataques ameaçam a integridade, a disponibilidade e a privacidade dos dados e dos sistemas digitais. Assim, a disseminação do tema e o treinamento de profissionais considerando os avanços e perspectivas da área são cada vez mais necessários. Este tutorial contribui nesta direção atraindo, em um primeiro momento, a atenção ao tema de ciência de dados aplicada à cibersegurança. O tutorial revisa as principais definições e fundamentos sobre cibersegurança, ciência de dados e fundamentos de estatística. Então, estudos de caso relevantes são apresentados e discutidos.
Qualität in Freiwilligendiensten – eine Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Saliger Susanne
Published: October 2023

In diesem Artikel wird die aktuelle Situation der Qualitätsentwicklung in den Freiwilligendiensten im Inland und den internationalen Freiwilligendiensten dargestellt. Der Fokus ist dabei auf Qualitätsmanagementinstrumente gesetzt, die zur Anwendung kommen.

Evaluationsmethoden wie z. B. Freiwilligenbefragungen, Seminarauswertungen, Einsatzstellen- und Partnerkonferenzen sind Mittel zur Qualitätssicherung und -verbesserung und können aus Umfangsgründen in diesem Artikel nicht abgebildet werden. Datengrundlage für die Darstellung der Qualitätsmanagementinstrumente sind Informationen und Auskünfte der übergeordneten Stellen, denen Freiwilligendienstorganisationen angeschlossen sind - Zentralstellen, Bundestutorate, Qualitätsverbünde, Zentrale Stellen u. a.. Die Daten wurden im Zeitraum von April 2017 bis Januar 2018 zusammengetragen, teils in leitfadengestützten Gesprächen mit den Verantwortlichen in diesen Trägergruppen und teils durch Dokumentensichtung, wie z. B. der Qualitätshandbücher.
Bildung als Auftrag: Die Perspektive der Freiwilligen
Authors: Nugel Martin , Kreuzer Melanie
Published: October 2023

In der Diskussion um den Bildungsauftrag im Jugendfreiwilligendienst stehen bislang vor allem dessen bildungstheoretischer Begründungszusammenhang sowie das Bildungsverständnis der Träger im Vordergrund. Die Perspektive der Freiwilligen wird dagegen kaum beleuchtet. Zwar sind aus der Evaluationsforschung die Motivationslagen und auch die Zufriedenheit von Freiwilligen insgesamt hinlänglich bekannt, wie das Bildungsangebot der Träger wahrgenommen wird und wie sich Freiwillige in ihrem Lernen dazu in Beziehung setzen wird bislang allerdings kaum untersucht und stellt ein zentrales Desiderat der Forschung zu Jugendfreiwilligendiensten dar. Der folgende Beitrag geht davon aus, dass die Freiwilligen den vom Gesetzgeber an die Träger von Jugendfreiwilligendiensten adressierten Bildungsauftrag vor allem in Form der so genannten Begleitseminare bzw. Bildungstage erfahren. Dementsprechend wird danach gefragt, wie die Freiwilligen das Bildungsangebot im Freiwilligendienst wahrnehmen und welche Bedeutung sie diesem für ihre persönlichkeitsbezogenen, arbeitsweltbezogenen und sozialen Bildungsprozesse beimessen. Bezugnehmend auf Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Befragung von Freiwilligendienstleistenden wird dafür plädiert, den gesetzlichen Bildungsauftrag stärker als bislang aus der Perspektive von Freiwilligen zu denken.
Die strafrechtlichen Grenzen der rechtfertigenden Einwilligung im Zusammenhang mit Placebo- und Nocebophänomenen
Authors: Schulz Richard
Published: October 2023

The knowledge of medical science about placebo and nocebo phenomena for therapeutic practice is continuously increasing. Nevertheless, the tension regarding the (criminal) legal framework continues to exist. In particular, the avoidance of undesirable nocebo phenomena has received little attention in the legal literature. The author examines how these phenomena can be integrated into the system of justifiable consent in medical criminal law. Based on the different medical objectives, the focus is on the context of the obligation of physicians to provide information.
Die Sammlung später chinesischer Bronzen von Hans Oehmichen – ein Beispiel für eine im Zeitalter des Spätkolonialismus zusammengetragene Sammlung ostasiatischer Kunst in Deutschland
Authors: Hamann Amelie
Published: October 2023

Der deutsche Bergbauingenieur Hans Oehmichen reiste in den Jahren 1911 bis 1913 mehrmals nach China. Dort begann er, eine Sammlung später chinesischer Bronzen überwiegend aus der Ming- und Qing-Dynastie zusammenzutragen, die heute im Museum für Ostasiatische Kunst in Köln aufbewahrt wird. Mithilfe von Briefen, Skizzen und Fotografien aus dem Nachlass des Sammlers rekonstruiert die Autorin nicht nur die Sammlungsgeschichte, sondern lässt auch die deutsch-chinesischen Beziehungen im Zeitalter des Spätkolonialismus sichtbar werden. In diesem Buch werden außerdem Fragen nach dem Umgang mit Kunstwerken ‚nicht-westlicher‘ Kulturen in europäischen und amerikanischen Sammlungen gestellt. Methoden möglicher Präsentation sowie das Führen eines Dialogs mit den Herkunftsgesellschaften sind von politischer Relevanz und werden seit einigen Jahren vermehrt kontrovers diskutiert. Diese Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag zur Stilanalyse der späten chinesischen Bronzen und verknüpft eine postkolonialistische Perspektive – sowohl auf die damaligen deutschen Aktivitäten in China als auch auf die Sammlung selbst – mit Überlegungen zu den Bedeutungsverschiebungen von Objekten im musealen Kontext.

 

Reihe

Kunstgeschichte (tuduv) - Band 87
Gallbladder Position Anomalies: Clinical Impacts and Management
Authors: Redwan Musefa
Published: October 2023

Gallbladder position anomalies are rare. Normally, the gallbladder is located at the inferior surface of the right lobe of the liver between segments IV and V, covered by the peritoneum, and attached to the liver by its mesentery in the gall bladder fossa. Any position other than this is defined as a gallbladder position anomaly. Gallbladder ectopia variants may include floating, intrahepatic, retroperitoneal, and left-sided gallbladder, among others. According to some literature, floating gallbladder is the most common among these anomalies, occurring in 4.6% of population; however, there is no clear and adequate data on incidence and variants of gallbladder position anomalies. Because of their rare occurrence and lack of specific clinical and imaging features, their possible presence and clinical sequelae are not usually considered in clinical practice. This results in delayed diagnosis and treatment of sequelae, such as in gallbladder volvulus (GBV). Similarly, gallbladder position and associated biliary tree and vascular anomalies should be identified during the preoperative period. Failing to do this may have devastating outcomes. Though clinical impacts and management of gallbladder position anomalies are explained in some literature, they are not well covered by most of the currently available surgical books. To fill this gap, this chapter discusses the embryology, variants, prevalence, clinical impacts, and management of ectopic gallbladder as well as ways to increase the rate of preoperative diagnosis and methods to decrease adverse outcomes and morbidity.
Prospective Applications of Microwave Reflectarray Antennas to the Design and Fabrication of Future Radio Telescopes
Authors: Olmi Luca
Published: October 2023

The size, cost, and complexity of radio telescopes and their instrumentation have grown enormously during the last few decades. The vast majority of new technology employed by radio astronomy has been developed for the industrial market, and the technology in use by today’s best radio telescopes is 20 to 30 years old. In particular, the antenna technology has changed very slowly, and thus, an important question is whether novel antenna technologies might bring down the cost of collecting area, since efficiency and accuracy compromises become much more costly for large radio telescopes. In this chapter, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of specific new technologies, and in particular reflectarrays, which have been developed mainly for remote sensing and satellite communications, that might lead to a great leap forward in the design and fabrication of antennas for radio astronomy.
Microwave Rewarming of Limb Frostbite Injuries (Simulation of Modes)
Authors: Dunaevskiy Grigory , Nechaev Alexander , Smygalina Polina , Dorofeev Igor
Published: October 2023

Cold limb injury remains a serious and widespread condition both in countries with a cold climate and in regions located close to the equator, but having high-altitude territories. There is no medical equipment for the treatment of this condition. One of the ways to solve this problem is the use of microwave radiation at an early stage, which penetrates deep into the cooled volume and, accordingly, can accelerate the activation of internal vessels. The technical implementation of this approach involves the selection of the appropriate frequency and power of radiation, as well as the creation of a microwave chamber in which it is possible to ensure a sufficiently uniform heating of the entire volume of the frostbitten limb. The results of modeling the distributions of electromagnetic and thermal fields in the volume of the heated limb at microwave frequencies allowed for medical applications are presented.
Modeling and Simulation of Fluid Flow and Energy Systems
Authors: Makahleh Firas , Nassar Anas
Published: October 2023

Engineering and science-related problems become more complicated as human knowledge evolves. This complication includes apparatus geometry and operational environment such as extreme variations in pressure and temperature. Analytical solution for such problems needs many assumptions that underestimate the problem under study and could lead to unrealistic results. Moreover, an experimental setup for a certain problem is constrained by the prototype size and each experiment is set up for certain operating conditions. This leads to building up many setups to deal with changes in size and operating conditions and, therefore, the prototype validation becomes very expensive and time-consuming. This calls for modeling and simulation approaches to deal with such engineering problems with the powerful computational capabilities available nowadays. Real-world patterns and processes are roughly modeled by scientific models. They may be refuted because they are representations, which are by definition imperfect. Models, however, are quite helpful for a variety of reasons. They first give us a method to comprehend procedures that would otherwise be incomprehensible to us. They also give scientists a base on which to build new research and theories. Finally, modeling and simulation reduce the time and cost of prototyping.
Photonic crystal-based decoders: ideas and structures
Authors: Javad Maleki Mohammad , Soroosh Mohammad , Parandin Fariborz , Haddadan Fatemeh
Published: October 2023

Recent developments in photonic crystal structures have enabled the implementation of optical decoders which possess superior features such as high contrast ratio and fast response. According to published reports, photonic crystal-based decoders exhibit contrast ratios higher than 20 dB and a response time as fast as 200 fs, making them an ideal candidate for high-speed processing applications. Resonant cavities and rings can be utilized to drop waves with high efficiency, thereby simplifying circuits and reducing the need for cross-connections. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to the decoding operation and its importance in various applications, followed by a discussion of fundamental features of photonic crystals such as photonic bandgap and the optical Kerr effect. We also consider the role of resonance in photonic crystals and present recent ideas and designed structures for the benefit of readers.
Diesel Engine Fuel and Fuel Emulsion Influence on Diesel Engine Performance and Emission
Authors: Ahmed Elsanusi Osama , Elayeb Mustafa , Aburwais Mustafa , Shetwan Mohamed
Published: October 2023

The diesel engine’s superior energy conversion efficiency and cost-effective power source have made it a popular choice for a wide range of applications, including but not limited to agricultural machinery, transportation, and mining equipment. Diesel engines produce harmful emissions, including exhaust fumes that contain pollutants such as particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. These emissions are detrimental to the environment and public health, and as a result, strict standards are imposed to reduce them using modern technologies in diesel engine manufacturing, exhaust treatment systems improvement and fuel modifying technologies. This chapter reviewed the effect of wide verity of fuel in diesel engine performance and emission.
Using Unmanned Aerial Systems and Deep Learning for Agriculture Mapping in Dubai Emirate
Authors: El Hoummaidi Lala , Larabi Abdelkader , Alam Khan
Published: October 2023

Dubai’s ‘Sustainable Future’ vision prioritizes Sustainable Agriculture as a key pillar of its ‘Food Security Strategies’. To boost productivity and efficiency, Dubai Emirate has adopted advanced technologies. Accurate land monitoring is crucial for effective food security control and support measures. However, traditional methods relying on costly and time-consuming field surveys conducted by experts are limited in scope. To address this, affordable and efficient agriculture mapping relies on remote sensing through drone surveys. Dubai Municipality utilizes Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to map farming areas across the Emirate, identify cultivable lands, and establish a precise agriculture database. A study conducted over 6 months used Trimble UX5 (HP) drones for high-resolution imaging in 12 Dubai communities. It employed novel object detection methods and geospatial analysis. Deep learning models achieved 85.4% accuracy in vegetation cover and F1-scores of 96.03% and 94.54% for date palms and GHAF trees, respectively, compared to ground truth data. This research highlights the potential of UAVs and deep learning algorithms for large-scale sustainable agricultural mapping. By providing specialists with an integrated solution to measure and assess live green vegetation cover derived from processed images, it contributes to the advancement of sustainable agriculture practices.
Hernia Mesh Fixation
Authors: Techapongsatorn Suphakarn
Published: October 2023

Hernia mesh fixation is an integral part of both inguinal and ventral hernia surgical repair, allowing the mesh to cover the hernia defect until the mesh-tissue fusion process is complete. There are a variety of mesh fixation methods, materials, and devices currently available. The use of mesh fixation is considered a balance between the benefit of mesh fixation or the strength of fixation to keep the mesh in place versus the adverse effect of fixing the mesh. However, there is no consensus or evidence regarding the most effective mesh fixation. This chapter will enlighten surgeons on mesh fixation, especially those who wish to implement their knowledge of hernia management.
Introduction to Descriptive statistics
Authors: Alabi Olubunmi , Bukola Tosin
Published: October 2023

This chapter offers a comprehensive exploration of descriptive statistics, tracing its historical development from Condorcet’s “average” concept to Galton and Pearson’s contributions. Emphasizing its pivotal role in academia, descriptive statistics serve as a fundamental tool for summarizing and analyzing data across disciplines. The chapter underscores how descriptive statistics drive research inspiration and guide analysis, and provide a foundation for advanced statistical techniques. It delves into their historical context, highlighting their organizational and presentational significance. Furthermore, the chapter accentuates the advantages of descriptive statistics in academia, including their ability to succinctly represent complex data, aid decision-making, and enhance research communication. It highlights the potency of visualization in discerning data patterns and explores emerging trends like large dataset analysis, Bayesian statistics, and nonparametric methods. Sources of variance intrinsic to descriptive statistics, such as sampling fluctuations, measurement errors, and outliers, are discussed, stressing the importance of considering these factors in data interpretation.
Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Bahn Kawa Leslie
Published: October 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease with complex derangements of metabolic pathways that are involved in the glucose metabolism in different organs: the liver, muscles, pancreas, the gut, kidneys, fat cells and the brain. The objectives of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus are to reverse the underlying eight pathophysiologies called the ‘ominous octet’, achieve glycaemic control, control comorbidities and prevent or reduce the chronic complications. Lifestyle management and pharmacotherapy remain the mainstay of treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The development of the newer oral hypoglycaemic agents such as the sodium-glucose transporters 2 receptor inhibitors, the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and the injectables such as the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and the analogue insulin in the last decades has provided broad and extended treatment options to achieve the treatment objectives. The recent announcement of the novel combinational peptides, Tirzapatide and Rezatrutide, promises a new era of pharmacotherapy for T2DM.
Paradigm of Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, Fatty Liver and Atherosclerosis in Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Mitrea Adina , Mihaela Vladu Ionela , Magdalena Rosu Maria , Clenciu Diana , Mota Eugen , Mota Maria
Published: October 2023

Insulin resistance is the most important characteristic of both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). It is estimated that MetS has a prevalence of up to 35% in the general population, rising up to 72% in individuals with T2D. Furthermore, insulin resistance promotes lipotoxicity through an increased free fatty acids flux, leading to both liver and heart disorders. Thus, recent studies have proven the association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with MetS and T2D. Interestingly, recent data incriminate the same mechanism for the development of metabolic cardiomyopathy, also known as cardiometabolic heart failure. The aim of this paper is to review the most important data regarding the association of T2D with the classic and the newer elements of the MetS, as well as to emphasize the molecular mechanisms that are accountable for this linkage and the possible therapeutic prospects that could influence these pathologies.
Immune neural network machine learning of autonomous drones for energy efficiency and collision prevention
Authors: Gorobetz Mikhail , Ribickis Leonids , Beinarovica Anna , Kornejevs Aleksandrs
Published: October 2023

The chapter is related to the safe and energy-efficient motion of autonomous drones and describes the developed novel immune neural network-based machine learning technology for its control. The technology is inspired by two biological systems – immune system and neural networks and their artificial analogs and evolutionary theory. The developed novel mathematical models and algorithms for this technology allow skipping the preliminary supervised training step and adapted for real-time continuous unsupervised self-learning of the drone to recognize the dangerous situation, to prevent the collision by making control decisions autonomously and continuously learning to keep optimal energy consumption during the motion. The chapter includes the study of existing neural network-based solutions for the recognition and prevention of dangerous situations and energy efficiency of drones, describes the developed target function and algorithm for immune neural network machine learning technology and simulation and experimental results proving the efficiency of this technology.
Neural networks in nonlinear time series: a subsampling model selection procedure
Authors: La Rocca Michele , Perna Cira
Published: October 2023

In this chapter, the problem of model selection in neural networks for nonlinear time series data is addressed. A systematic review and an appraisal of previously published research on the topic are presented and discussed with emphasis on a complete strategy to select the topology of the model. The procedure attempts to explain the black box structure of a neural network by providing information on the complex structure of the relationship between a set of inputs and the output. The procedure combines a set of graphical and inferential statistical tools and allows to choose the number and the type of inputs, considered as explanatory variables, by using a formal test procedure based on relevance measures and to identify the hidden layer size by looking at the predictive performance of the neural network model. To obtain an approximation of the involved statistics, the approach heavily uses the subsampling technique, a computer-intensive statistical methodology. The results on simulated data show the good performance of the overall procedure.
Statistical Model for the Quality of Panoramic Images of 2D artifacts
Authors: Wickramasinghe Ajith , Jayasiri Anusha
Published: October 2023

The field of digital imaging emphasizes the quality of 2D artifact images, often facing challenges when capturing large images due to their wide field of view. A successful technique for addressing this is panoramic image creation, which involves merging overlapping segments from a larger image. Research in this domain focuses on understanding the visual quality aspects of panoramic images. This study aims to achieve two main objectives: firstly, to identify the key visual quality attributes associated with panoramic images, and secondly, to propose predictor variables for a statistical model that assesses the quality of 2D artifact panoramic images. To accomplish this, the researchers conducted a case study centered on generating panoramic images of mural paintings found in Sri Lankan temples. Through their investigation, they pinpointed color balance and noise & distortion as the most significant factors influencing the overall quality of these images. The researchers employed three methods to create the panoramas: an innovative technique, alongside two established methods—Photoshop and Hugin. Experts in Visual Arts evaluated the resulting images using a four-point Likert scale. Color balance and noise & distortion were used as predictor variables, while overall quality was the response variable. The gathered data underwent analysis using ordinal logistic regression within the Minitab statistical package. The outcomes underscored the pivotal roles of color balance and noise & distortion in determining the quality of panoramic images. Moreover, the findings showcased the model’s high accuracy in fitting the data, reinforcing its effectiveness in assessing panoramic image quality.
Two-dimensional photonic crystals applied in high-performance meta-systems
Authors: Zheng Yaoxian
Published: October 2023

Two-dimensional photonic crystals (2D PhCs) are nanostructure arrays arranged periodically or quasi-periodically, holding great promise as components for integrated and on-chip photonic platforms. The 2D PhCs can be considered as a special type of metasurfaces with periodicity, exhibiting versatile capabilities in the manipulation of electromagnetic waves. In this chapter, we present a summary of recent research trends and challenges related to the application of 2D PhCs as metasurfaces. Initially, we introduce the concepts and principles of Mie resonance, bound states in the continuum, and Fano resonance. Subsequently, we delve into some of the significant applications of 2D-PhC meta-systems, namely structural color generation, polarization manipulation and holography, reviewing their respective advancements. Finally, we offer an outlook on the challenges and potential future developments of 2D-PhC meta-systems to provide guidance for future investigations.
Perceptions and Barriers to Adopting Artificial Intelligence in K-12 Education: A Survey of Educators in Fifty States
Authors: Woodruff Karen , Hutson James , Arnone Kathryn
Published: October 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making significant strides in the field of education, offering new opportunities for personalized learning and access to education for a more diverse population. Despite this potential, the adoption of AI in K-12 education is limited, and educators’ express hesitancy towards its integration due to perceived technological barriers and misconceptions. The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of K-12 educators in all 50 states of the USA towards AI, policies, training, and resources related to technology and AI, their comfort with technology, willingness to adopt new technologies for classroom instruction, and needs assessment for necessary infrastructure, such as reliable internet access, hardware, and software. Researchers analyzed regional differences in attitudes towards AI integration in the classroom. The findings suggest the overall positive perception of AI and openness towards its integration. However, disparities in access to technology and comfort levels with technology exist among different regions, genders, and age groups. These findings suggest that policymakers and educators need to develop targeted strategies to ensure equitable access to technology and AI integration in the classroom. The implications of this work are the need for an authentic STEM model for integrating AI into K-12 education and offer recommendations for policymakers and educators to support the successful adoption of AI in the classroom.
Advances in Molecular Marker Technology and their Significance in Plant Improvement Strategies
Authors: Kamal Meena Vijay , Vardhan Singh Shekhawat Harsh , Chand Subhash , Choudhary Kapil , Kumar Sharma Jitendra , Lekha Lekha
Published: October 2023

Molecular markers are powerful tools that have revolutionized plant improvement strategies by allowing breeders to select plants with desirable traits at an early stage. These markers are specific DNA sequences that can be used to identify genes responsible for important plant traits such as disease resistance, drought tolerance, and yield potential. Advances in molecular marker technology have greatly improved their efficiency and accuracy, making them an essential tool in plant breeding programs. One such advance is the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, which allow for the rapid and cost-effective identification of large numbers of molecular markers. Additionally, new marker systems such as SNPs have been developed, which offer a high level of accuracy and reproducibility. The use of molecular markers in plant breeding has several advantages over traditional breeding methods. For instance, markers can be used to identify desirable traits that are not easily observable, or to select plants with multiple desirable traits at once. This has led to the development of new and improved crop varieties that are more resistant to diseases, better adapted to changing environmental conditions, and have higher yields. In conclusion, the continued development of molecular marker technology is crucial for the advancement of plant improvement strategies.
Pre-Pathogenic Period of Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome: Ecological Triad
Authors: Padilla-Raygoza Nicolás , Linkov Faina , Flores-Vargas Gilberto , de Jesús Gallardo-Luna María , Navarro-Olivos Efraín , Javier Magos-Vázquez Francisco
Published: October 2023

In this chapter, we discuss Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in children and adults. We begin by mentioning the antecedents and the origin of this disease. We frame this chapter in the ecological triad scheme and present the agent, host, and environment. It is necessary to theorize the new health threats in this scheme, based on a primary health-care approach, to understand how to prevent or inform accordingly. Due to its novelty, this syndrome originated from the SARS-CoV-2 infection still poses many questions. Future directions of this work include understanding the pathogenesis of MIS, including its mechanisms, risk factors, and diversity of outcomes.
Born to Design: Innate Human Behaviors Involved in Learning and Practicing Engineering Design
Authors: Robert Gress Gary
Published: October 2023

By researching the existing literature for the abilities and conditions necessary for people to successfully solve engineering design problems, this chapter uncovers a consistent pattern of the cognitive processes involved and explains many of the intrinsic behaviors displayed by designers. Limitations in working memory size explain the use of several design-solution achievement devices: pattern matching; early single-solution conjecture; iteration; co-evolution of problem and solution; and intuition. In addition, learning and creating are found to be similar processes, with both requiring and building upon domain experience, in this case actual designing. Similar too are the processes of seeing and imagining, so that von Helmholtz’s dictum that ‘visual sensations are stronger than acts of the intellect’ can be applied to the solving of engineering design problems. This leads to an explanation for another set of intrinsic designer behaviors: a preference for visualizing solutions (over using abstract analysis); single-solution conjectures; object fixation; and found-object designing. Such explanations should help guide future education and research in design.
Effect of the different types and structures of communities of practice on learning: A case study of an education service company
Authors: Matsumoto Yuichi
Published: October 2023

Although communities of practice (CoPs) are known to facilitate learning, boundary crossing, and knowledge creation, these effects have not been examined according to different structures in the extant literature. Thus, this chapter presents an exploratory study on how the establishment of various types and structures of communities affects the effectiveness of an individual’s learning and boundary crossing. This was an exploratory qualitative case study of an educational service company, in which data were collected using face-to-face semi-structured interviews and participative observations. Using a case study, we classified CoPs into two types based on their size and frequency of interactions: interaction and networking communities. We also conceptualized four learning styles in CoPs and investigated the relationship between the two types of communities and the four learning styles derived from previous research. We found that the CoPs examined in this study interacted with each other (through learners’ multiple affiliations with various communities) to form multilayered structures, which present advantages such as the possibility of high-level learning through multifaceted and circular learning, and the ability to build networks among communities. Therefore, we conclude that multilayered CoPs structures are effective in enhancing all four learning styles.
USING GOOGLE TRANSLATE EFFECTIVELY AND EFFICIENTLY IN TRANSLATING VIETNAMESE TEXTS INTO ENGLISH ONES
Authors: Truong Hanh
Published: October 2023

With the boom and fast development of AI, using machine translation in translation teaching and learning has been a hot issue that appeals to much attention. Google Translate, one of the most popular machine translation tools, is widely used in translation process in Vietnam university context for different reasons. At Van Lang University, where students majoring in Translation and Interpreting are discouraged to use Google Translate, they still resort to it. However, it seemed that this application did not create a high-quality product when the source language is Vietnamese. Therefore, the author tried instructing the students using Google Translate tool at the second stage after the stage of human intervention so that they can do their translation tasks effectively and efficiently. This article reports the findings from the research done with students majoring in Translation and Interpreting. It initially provides different views of difficulties in dealing with Vietnamese texts and the limitations of Google Translate in providing an English translation version. Then, it proceeds with describing the setting of the present investigation. Based on qualitative research, the information is collected and analyzed, and then, the findings are drawn. The article concludes with modest suggestions and recommendations for using Google Translate to teach translation.
Sun, Fun and Science: Using Technology to Engage Minority Youth in Miami Beach
Authors: Castillo Noel , Martineau Arthur , Martineau Deborah , Spina-Taylor Elise
Published: October 2023

This case study describes how a multiorganizational partnership between the Miami Beach Police Department (MBPD), Miami Beach Police Athletic League (MBPAL) and Axon’s Global Strategic Community Impact Team was formed to address a community concern. The concern centered around the lack of minority youth’s participation and perceived interest in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) programs. A coalition of caring cops, counselors, and consultants set out to address the situation, using drones and related technology to connect with youth at the local MBPAL. This initiative also helped youth to create positive experiences with the police and their community. Due to the exploratory nature of this program, this initiative lacked measurable outcomes, apart from anecdotal accounts. It was recommended that the MBPAL pursue programs which measure such outcomes, of which they did. This experience helped the MBPAL to focus on youth interventions that included measurable outcomes. Ultimately, it served as a springboard for other grant funded programs that required performance measures.
Parenting and Work-Family Balance in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: P. Dapiton Ethelbert , G. Baking Enrique , B. Canlas Ranie
Published: October 2023

Parenting in the twenty-first century compel among working parents a great deal of effort and balancing act between having a family and at the same time maintaining a good career. The challenges among working parents are on the balancing act of taking care and attending to family needs while becoming successful in chosen career. In the modern-day society where couples have to strive to make both ends met for the needs of the family, the issue and concern for balancing act is really perplexing. In this fast-paced twenty-first century world, such concern for balancing act has just been relegated to the confines of family resolution without the greater society having so much concern of it. However, it is a topic worthy of concern and study as it pervades not only within the realm of family life but as well as on the aspects of productivity and performance of working professional parents. In this paper, seven general themes with underlying discussions were presented. The themes are not exhaustive of the dynamics between parenting and work-family balance. The bottom line is to provide insights, reflection points and points to ponder about the realm of parenting and work-family balance in the twenty-first century.
Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Petroleum and Geothermal Wellbores
Authors: V. Chandrasekhar Sharat , B. Sathuvalli Udaya , V. Suryanarayana Poodipeddi
Published: October 2023

The flow of fluids between wells and reservoirs involves a substantial amount of thermal energy exchange with the formation. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the heat transfer of these processes is crucial to the design of the wells for mechanical integrity. While long term production scenarios may achieve a notional steady state, short term injection scenarios involve an accurate consideration of the thermal transients. With global initiatives towards a transition to clean energy, the design of geothermal wells is becoming an area of great importance these days. Accordingly, correct simulation of the heat transfer in the circulating scenario involved in closed loop wells enables accurate assessments of thermal power generated. This chapter aims to educate the user in how to tackle these problems and explains the physics and mathematics involved in detail.
The Importance of Activity-Based Learning for Mastering Mathematical Tasks during Distance Learning in Austria
Authors: Apfler Sabine
Published: October 2023

The conversion of teaching to distance learning was a major challenge for all those involved in education. For elementary school-aged students, in particular, the transition was enormous, especially in mathematics. A research project in Austria investigated which features of activity-based, tools-supported mathematics instruction were helpful for mastering mathematical tasks during distance learning. The results of the research project show that action-oriented, tools-supported teaching, in which Maria Montessori’s didactic mathematics tools were used, was helpful for mastering mathematical tasks during the time of distance learning. By working with tools, the students were able to build up inner images of mathematical content and contexts. These inner images favored the process of abstraction, and they could fall back on these ideas during the time of distance learning.
La Transformación Digital y la Inteligencia Artificial en la Gestión Pública Moderna – Perú
Authors:   Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Alfaro Castellanos Eduardo Luis
Published: October 2023

From one day to the next everything changed; a “Virus” did it. Nature took a break and we had to walk into the future, but the future made us quickly adapt to it and evolve. The Digital Transformation (DT) showed its true face, technologies are constantly evolving, here is Artificial Intelligence (AI), accompanied by the “cloud”, mobility, Blockchain, Big data analytics, etc., Companies They are constantly improving; Face-to-face banking is yesterday, digital banking is today, they work 365 times around thesun, processing transactions made from a cell phone, with fast, efficient connections, programs that chat with us, and all this to improve and “personalize” their services. achieving loyal and captive clients by “managing risk”. The methodology we have carried out focused on a documentary review of literature with scientific bases such as Scopus, Scielo, among others, that frame the “Modern Public Management of the Peruvian State” who observed the change in their environment and asked ourselves: How complicated is it? What should we do to adapt to DT? Should we work on organizational culture? Give a territorial approach? See the Processes? The Technology? Do we have a DT policy? Can we access financing sources from International Organizations? Since the effects of the pandemic have accelerated all this, we have that “[...] 71.79% of the organizations in Peru are on track in their DT process” (Escudero, 2022, para. 3). The key to the relationship between DT and AI is data management.
Healing, Wholeness, and the Professional-Patient Relationship
Authors: Thomas Columba ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: October 2023

The proposed revisions to Part Three of the Ethical and Religious Directives (ERDs)—on the professional-patient relationship—call attention to a number of timely, culturally relevant issues that require an understanding of the dignity of the human person and the true health of body, mind, and spirit. Several key issues newly discussed in these proposed revisions include transgender policies, the question of referrals for unethical clinical interventions, and triage and limited-resource allocation protocols for crisis situations. This paper draws on the theological and philosophical basis forunderstanding the professional-patient relationship, especially in light of the metaphor of Christ the physician, in order to consider how the ERDs effectively address these key issues and promote true healing in Catholic health care.
Integrating Renewable Energy Systems in Green Building Design
Authors: Nakamura Takeshi , Suzuki Yukihiro
Published: October 2023

This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical evolution and practical implementation of seismic-resistant architectural techniques in earthquake-prone regions, with a particular focus on Japan. Through detailed case studies and advanced simulations, the study rigorously evaluates the empirical effectiveness of these strategies in mitigating earthquake-induced damage. Furthermore, the research addresses avenues for ongoing refinement in seismic-resistant design. The findings not only consolidate the practical applications of these technologies but also offer valuable insights into their future trajectories and potential research directions. This study contributes significantly to the advancement of earthquake resilience in architectural engineering.
Development of maize-based composite flour enriched with mushroom for complementary feeding
Authors:   , Siyame Prisca
Published: October 2023

Complementary foods based on habitual cereals such as maize have been linked with the promotion of under-nutrition in young children. This study aimed at improving the nutritional value of maize flour commonly used as a bulk ingredient in complementary foods using oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Drying methods for fresh mushroom was done by using oven, sun and solar drier. Flour made of well cleaned and solar-dried oyster mushroom was blended with maize flour at 0% (control), 30%, 40% and 50%. Solar drying was the best method in terms of nutrient retention of oyster mushroom, product hygiene and safety. Flour blend of 30%, 40% and 50% oyster mushroom improved the protein content from 8.63% to 18.20%, 8.63% to 20.37% and 8.63% to 22.75%, respectively. The increase in ash and fiber content ranged between 82.52% to 84.16% and 50.69% to 58.35%, respectively. Mineral content of formulated flour blends was improved from 62.89% to 64.72% (iron); 7.63% to 22.69 % (zinc); 77.48% to 78.02% (calcium) and 67.55% to 67.64% (potassium). The flour blend of 50% oyster mushroom was the best as it was rich in nutrients compared to flour blends comprised of 30 and 40% oyster mushroom. Sensory scores of porridge prepared from the three formulated flour blends indicated good acceptance. This study recommends blending oyster mushroom with maize flour to improve their nutritional content of formulated flour blend for young children who rely on maize porridge as their complementary food.
O ensino secundário no jornal gazeta do norte: análises de abgar renault em 1955
Authors: Veloso Geisa Magela , Meira José Normando Gonçalves , Cardoso Zilmar Santos
Published: October 2023

O artigo apresenta faces da história da educação e preenche lacunas relativas ao Ensino Secundário, com foco em questões e problemas situados no norte do Estado de Minas Gerais. O objetivo do estudo é analisar as formulações do professor Abgar Renault sobre o Ensino Secundário, publicadas no jornal Gazeta do Norte, em Montes Claros-MG, nas décadas de 1950 e 1960. A escolha deve-se à grande expressão deste educador, cuja produção acadêmica, extrapola os próprios limites do Estado de Minas Gerais e do Brasil. Foi realizada pesquisa historiográfica, em que o jornal Gazeta do Norte foi tomado como principal fonte da pesquisa, complementada pela revista Escola Secundária e Revista de Ensino/MG, visando captar a sincronia do movimento regional com discussões ocorridas em âmbito nacional. Constatou-se que, para o professor Abgar Renault, os problemas do Ensino Secundário foram considerados como sintoma de uma crise vivida pela educação brasileira, em que a expansão não planejada das matrículas aliou-se à falta de professores titulados para a docência. Conclui-se que os problemas discutidos no âmbito local refletem questões mais amplas da educação no Brasil.
Zmiany wzrostu wskaźnika nasycenia samochodami osobowymi
Authors: Andrzejczak Karol
Published: October 2023

The article presents statistics from the CSO studies illustrating the dynamic growth in the number of cars. A personal car saturation (NSO) index was calculated in Poland and selected EU countries in 1998–2011. NSO rate forecasts was made in Poland by 2025 on the basis of comparison with selected countries of the European Union. The forecasts were made for two variants on the basis of parabolic model with two paradigms: evolutionary development of the automotive industry in Poland and a rapid economic convergence with the EU. NSO ratio is a measure of volume, therefore, the analysis applies only to quantitative changes. In the studies was discussed the impact of the development of road transport on the environment and human health.