bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute pancreatitis occurring after COVID-19 vaccine: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kabaoglu Ceren , Ozisik Hatice , Kocabas Gokcen Unal , Yurekli Banu Sarer , Erdogan Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Background

Vaccines are uncommon causes of pancreatitis, and only a few case reports have described COVID-19 vaccine-related pancreatitis.

Case presentation

A 45-year-old male patient applied to the emergency department due to having serious abdominal pain. Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, the last dose was administered 1 week ago. One week after vaccination, he experienced abdominal pain. Laboratory tests demonstrated elevated C-reactive protein, amylase, and lipase levels, and Ig G4 levels were normal. Abdominal computer tomography (CT) displayed acute edematous pancreatitis and peripancreatic inflammatory changes. The patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis due to the vaccine.

Conclusion

We should be aware that acute pancreatitis induced by the vaccine may occur a few days or weeks after the vaccine, especially in patients who have risk factors for acute pancreatitis.
Trajectories of daily antipsychotic use and weight gain in people hospitalized for the first episode of psychosis
Authors: Vochoskova Kristyna , McWhinney Sean R. , Fialova Marketa , Kolenic Marian , Spaniel Filip , Furstova Petra , Boron Petra , Okaji Yurai , Trancik Pavel , Hajek Tomas
Published: September 2024

Background

We need to better understand the risk factors and predictors of medication-related weight gain to improve metabolic health of individuals with schizophrenia. This study explores how trajectories of antipsychotic medication (AP) use impact body weight early in the course of schizophrenia.

Methods

We recruited 92 participants with first-episode psychosis (FEP, n = 92) during their first psychiatric hospitalization. We prospectively collected weight, body mass index (BMI), metabolic markers, and exact daily medication exposure during 6-week hospitalization. We quantified the trajectory of AP medication changes and AP polypharmacy using a novel approach based on meta-analytical ranking of medications and tested it as a predictor of weight gain together with traditional risk factors.

Results

Most people started treatment with risperidone (n = 57), followed by olanzapine (n = 29). Then, 48% of individuals remained on their first prescribed medication, while 33% of people remained on monotherapy. Almost half of the individuals (39/92) experienced escalation of medications, mostly switch to AP polypharmacy (90%). Only baseline BMI was a predictor of BMI change. Individuals in the top tercile of weight gain, compared to those in the bottom tercile, showed lower follow-up symptoms, a trend for longer prehospitalization antipsychotic treatment, and greater exposure to metabolically problematic medications.

Conclusions

Early in the course of illness, during inpatient treatment, baseline BMI is the strongest and earliest predictor of weight gain on APs and is a better predictor than type of medication, polypharmacy, or medication switches. Baseline BMI predicted weight change over a period of weeks, when other traditional predictors demonstrated a much smaller effect.
Ideal Family Size and Reproductive Orientations: An Exploration of Change Over Time in the United States
Authors: Behrman Julia A.
Published: September 2024

Drawing on more than 30 years of nationally representative microdata from the General Social Survey, this article comprehensively updates recent trends in ideal family size in the United States. It first documents stability in ideal family sizes between the mid-1980s and 2018, even in the face of a recent fertility decline. Next, the study adopts a latent class approach that identifies typologies of “reproductive orientations,” defined as multidimensional mental models of reproduction encompassing ideal family size, attitudes toward reproductive labor, and views on reproduction contexts. The findings indicate three distinct classes of reproductive orientations: Progressive Familialists, Conservative Familialists, and Blended Egalitarians. Further analyses suggest that the prevalence of these classes has changed over time and that class membership is associated with distinct patterns of childbearing and marriage. These findings deepen contemporary understandings of ideal family size in the United States and have broader implications for how demographers conceptualize and measure fertility preferences across diverse contexts.
Do Migrants Exhibit More Grit? A Research Note
Authors: White Michael J. , Myroniuk Tyler W. , Ginsburg Carren , Pheiffer Chantel
Published: September 2024

Strong expectations exist for the selectivity of migration along key demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, and education, which are often linked to social and economic drivers. Scholars acknowledge, however, that migratory behavior is also likely to be selective on characteristics that are less readily observable. This research note expands the list by examining “grit”—in other words, a measure of perseverance in the face of adversity. We test for a relationship between South African rural–urban migration, net of other standard covariates, and an established composite psychosocial measure of grit. We draw on two waves of survey data originating from a demographic surveillance platform but with respondents followed irrespective of their subsequent geographic mobility. Simple bivariate regressions suggest that grit is strongly associated with migration. Using multivariate models, we continue to detect a statistically significant association of migration with grit in the presence of controls. When the model is further refined to stratify by sex and separate geographic destinations, a sex differential emerges, with grit being more predictive for females. We conclude by suggesting that such findings should encourage broader inquiries that consider grit and other psychological characteristics, particularly investigations that might help further illuminate differentials by the experience of gender.
Actional Orientalism
Authors: Rivera Takeo
Published: September 2024

Through an analysis of the 2014 video game Dragon Age: Inquisition, this essay brings two contemporary problematics into dialogue—the neoliberal gamification of society and the logic of queer liberalism—to suggest that they converge upon a common, long-standing animus: the figure of the massified Oriental. The massified Oriental haunts Asianness, and retains East and Southwest Asia as its primary cultural referents, but the deterritorialization of Orientalism as an epistemic apparatus locates Orientalism in the realm of affect rather than geography. Thus, this paper proposes a heuristic of “actional Orientalism,” which draws attention to the procedural and discursive production of agency and the consequent narrative validation of that agency, contrasting agentic players against their objectified, thingified, and massified gameworlds. Whereas in Tara Fickle's “ludo-Orientalism,” wherein racialization is premised upon the otherness of the type of risk-taking and play, actional Orientalism draws on whether the racialized figure is capable of agency at all, finding within the Oriental the complete absence of the bounded, liberal, choosing subject. Dragon Age: Inquisition deploys actional Orientalism on full display, offering liberal transgender representation contingent upon acceptance of an individualist affect, requiring the full abjection of massified, Orientalized, queer others to enable this representation to survive.
On the Way to Theory
Authors: Grossberg Lawrence
Published: September 2024

In On the Way to Theory, Lawrence Grossberg introduces the major ways of thinking that provide the backstory for contemporary Western theory. Asking readers to think about thinking, Grossberg traces cultural and critical theory’s foundations from the contested enlightenments to modern and postmodern conceptualizations of power, experience, language, and existence. He introduces key figures as historical characters and lays out the unique set of tools for thought that their “deep theories” offer. Through finely tuned and accessible descriptions of their concepts and logics, Grossberg highlights thinkers including Spinoza, Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, Wittgenstein, Heidegger, Derrida, Foucault, Deleuze, and Hall, defining the possibilities of their thought. This book is essential for those interested in how theories shape our understanding of the world, influence our choices, and define our realities. It challenges us to recognize the multiplicity and complexities of ways of thinking in our quest for knowledge and understanding. By setting out a story of theoretical foundations, Grossberg invites readers to think toward the future of theory and expand conversations around theoretical scrutiny and criticism.
Schoolgirls, Not Brides: Education as a Shield against Child Marriage
Authors: Giacobino Hélène , Huillery Elise , Michel Bastien , Sage Mathilde
Published: September 2024

We study the impact of a scholarship-based intervention aimed to reduce child marriage by fostering secondary education among adolescent girls in Niger. Using a large-scale randomized controlled trial, we find that after three years of implementation, the intervention led to large and positive effects. It halved both dropout and marriage rates and increased girls' and their parents' aspirations. Importantly, there is no displacement effect detrimental to the education and marriage status of nontreatment girls. Our results show that financial aid for education has the potential to transform adolescent girls' lives. (JEL I21, I28, J13, J16, O15)
The genome sequence of the Great Brocade moth, Eurois occulta Linnaeus, 1758
Authors: Botham Marc ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Eurois occulta (the Great Brocade moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 603.30 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.39 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 19,015 protein-coding genes.
Topological degree for some parabolic equations with Riemann-Liouville time-fractional derivatives
Authors: Charkaoui Abderrahim , Ben-loghfyry Anouar
Published: September 2024

This work tackles a class of nonlinear parabolic equations in divergence form having fractional time order derivatives. We consider parabolic equations involving second-order spacial operators with Riemann-Liouville time-fractional derivatives.
We establish the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to the studied models. Our theoretical approach relies essentially on the use of
Leray-Schauder topological degree and involves some new technical estimates.
Psychological Experience of Women without Child
-in focus of women who never have experienced parity -
Authors: Hwang Seoung-Sook , Lee Jeong Seop
Published: September 2024

What is “Psychological of women without: child ?”That question will be analyzed as base theory method of this study. So, this study will suggest how such women's experience be created and processded and how they meet with their situation through the whole process.The experience of childless women are process by forming “BUTIM” and reaching the conculsion.The subjects' body and sprit have suffered from childlessness and have experienced trouble with their spouse and family. On the other side, they may fed self-confidence and recognize to be formed “BUT1M” by way of reaction. The intension of "BUTIM" will be settled by mutual effects of spouse support, social support, expert experience, upset, and economical straits. After forming “BUTIM”, they will select counter self-strategy.The mutal reaction of structual situation, such as “BUTIM”，ernacipation, projection, control of the self-life and clinical treatment, repression should affect considerably their decision whether they adapt herself affirmatively or they give up in “BUTIM” condition. Th<， result of selected “BUTIM” will be expresses •iilerentlv case by case.The one is that they would abandon infertility and accept reality, the other is that they would try io train their mind and body, be treated at the hospital and serve the communit y in church.We should comprehend the category and causal relationship for childless womens “BUTIM” experi ence. So we can use the conip-ehension for nursirg guide.The guide will be helpful fo- clinical nurse v/hen childless women attend a hospital and for nurse who visit each home and control primary health about family affairs in local society. Ihe re for u. the s'. u(iv qill be basic data of processional nursing process, e.g. nursing assessment nursing diagnosis, nursnig counsel and nursing intervention model develop ment-in both of clinic and local society. As the re suit of stidy, nurse are able to :are childless women properly and wholly. The women can solve the problems for without child by O'leselt.
Effects of Relaxation Therapy on Laboratory Pain
Authors: Kim Hyun Sook , Eom Mi Ran
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify how relaxation therapy affects physiological and subjec tive responses related to laboratory pain.Twelve female nursing students were con veniently selected those who agreed to the ex):)eriment and have no physical problem. The research method was to measure physiological change and subjective intensity of pain before and after apply ing relaxation while laboratory pain(cold pressor) was present. The instruments used for this study are follows. EKG monitoring was used for measuring their heart rate and blood pressure among the responses of the autonomic nerve system, Visual Analogy Scale (VAS ) for subjective evaluation, and a stopwatch was used for the cold pressor pain threshold (the time from immersion to first pain sen sat ion) and tolerance (the time from immersion to withdrawal of the arm from cold water).VAS was linear, horizontal, and 10()nim long. The extremes were **no pain at all(Omm)" and “maximum pain you can imagine(100mm)”.The colkicted data were analyzed descriptive stat istics and paired t-test by using SPSS PC The results of this study are as follows :1) The mean of tolerance time(179.83± 167.3($sec) after relaxation therapy was significantly longer than that of before(118.60± 118.09sec) (t = -2.59, P=.025).The mean of threshold time after relaxation ther apy was longer than that of before, but the stat islical differences were not significantly shown. 2) While the subjects reported cold pressor pain threshold, the mean of heart rate (78.()8 ±9.30/ min) after relaxation decreased significantly than that of before (83.83zt7.7K/min) (t = 3.07, p ~ .011).3) The changes of blood pressure between before and after relaxation were n：)t significantly shown.1) Aft er applying the relaxation, degree of pain dur ing the cold pressor by usii.g a VAS decreased than that of before, but the statistical differences were not significantly shown.In conclusion, by applying the relaxation therapy, heart rate was more stable, the degree of ))ain decreased, and the subjects : an tolerate pai::tul situation
The Effect of Validation Therapy on Behavior and Emotion of Elderly Demented People
Authors: Kim Kyung Ae , Hah Yang Sook
Published: September 2024

Validation therapy was originated by N. F'eil who had questioned the benefit of reality orientation for disoriented old people Validation is a therapy corn municating with elderly demented people and is based on an attitude of respect and empathy for thern. In validation therapy individuals with de mentia arc* neither forced into orientation nor to change their behavior.The purpose of this study was to explore the ef feels of validation therapy on Korean dementia sufferers. 29 subjects with dementia and lived in J residential home in Seoul were selected for a nonequivalent, non-synchronized control group de sign. 14 of them were assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group.A program comprising 1(1 sessions group vali dation therapy was co nd u< ted for 2 weeks in January 1998. The evaluating tools of this study were Clifton Assessment Procedures for the Eld eily(Pattie & Gilleard, 1979) ai；d Apparent Emotion Rating Inst rument (Snyder ec, 1997). Fisher's exact Z 2 - test and t-test. were used to analyse the group equivalency and ANCCV A was to test, the hy pctheses.Analysis of data showed that, following validation therapy, there was a statistically significant differ ence in behaviour and emotion between the ex per lmental and the control group Social behaviors such as helping others, understanding what was told, be mg understood, etc were much more increased than functional behaviors like incontinence, getting lost, disordered appearance, etc. Positive emotionspleasure, interest, and tranquility were much more increased than negative emotions-depression, arixiet y. and anger.It has been revealed that most validaiion techniques were effective fo' Korean dementia sufferers. Therefore, dement la care givers are re commended to learn how to use validauon techniques so that the dementia sufferers may re lieve anxiety and maintain dignity.The results of this study suggest that validation therapy is a potentially valuable nursing inter vention for people with dementia and warrants further investigation.
Stressful Life Events, Social Support, and Coping Methods in Cancer Patients
Authors: Doh Bok Num , Lee Mi Kyung
Published: September 2024

This study was performed to evaluate the life stress, social support and coping methods to stress and identify the correlation among the above three variables.The subjects for this study were 81 admitted can cer patients at a general hospital and 87 healthy people from Oct. 1, 1996 to Feb. 15, 1997 in Taegu city.The results were as follows :1) The mean score of the stress in the cancer patients was higher than that of the healthy.2) The mean scores of social support and coping methods in the cancer patients were lower than those of the healthy.3) There was no correlation among the scores of life stress, social support, and coping methods in can cer patients.4) There was a significant positive correlation be tween the score of life stress and coping methods in the healthy.5) There was a significant positive correlation ’oe tween the score of social support and coping methods in the healthy.
The Effect of the Communication Training Program on Interpersonal Relationship Improvement for Families of Chronic Mentally Ill Patients
Authors: Song Young Sun
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the ef fectiveness of the communication training program in helping families of chronic mentally ill patients. A guasi-experimental pre-post design was used to as sess the effects of the program.The program that used for communication train ing was based on communication training program usd in KCC(Korea Counseling Center) and transactional analysis program used in KATA( Korea Academy for Transactional Analysis) and re constructed by author.The effectiveness of the program in terms of the relationship changes was investigated through RCS(Relationship Change Scale) developed by Schien and Guerney. A total of 1() long-term men tally ill patients family care providers participated in the study. The program was performed 6 times, once a week, and 2 hours a time：, in the fashion of lectures and free discussions among the multiple family groups from J une 8 to July 13, 1999.The result of this study is surnmaried as follows :1. The communication training program was effec tive in improving the interpersonal relationship in the families of chronic mentally ill patients.2. The communication training program was effec tive in improving the feeling of sensitivity, inti macy, communication, openness, mutual unders:anding for personal relation.3. Together with this result, the necessity of the further study on the development and the appli cation of family program is strongly suggested.
Experiences of the Battering Women Participating in the Supportive Group Treatment Program
Authors: Kim Sunah , Hyun Myung Sun
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of battering women participating in the Supportive Group Treatment Program. Fifteen women were included in this stiidy. The Supportive Group program was provided for battering women in a shelter from September, 1998 to June, 1999. Data were collected through in-depth interview from Group program. The data were analyzed in the framework of the Grounded Theory Method as mapped out by Strauss and Cor bin (1990) which is useful in exposing and understanding the experience of the battering women and ir! gaining a new p)erspective in this area. Thirl y one concepts were conformed in the analysis.Fifteen battering women have experienced trauma, anger, frustrating, withdrawal，escaping from husband, unstablity, and distrust through the marriage life. The subjects experienced freedom, security, and space for self in shelter life. Also changes from participating Supportive Group program were objective understand ing in their situations, independence from husband, hope, strength, and seeking coping stretegy. This study helps to understand women who suffer irom domestic violence.
The Effect of Different Duration of Community Based Mental Health Rehabilitation Program on Perceived Family Support of Mentally III Patients
Authors: Won Jung Sook , Cho Hee
Published: September 2024

This study was designed to determine the effects of community based mental health rehabilitation program on perceived family support of mentally ill patients.Quasi experimental design, single group repeated measure was used to carry out the research.The subjects were consisted of 26 chronic men tally ill patients who lived with their fanniy members in the community and participated in com munity based mental health rehabilitation program of Seungbuk Public Health Center.The instruments used for this study was 20 items of family support scale, which was developed by Ji Won Park (1985)and revised by researchers to 5 likert type scale.The data were gathered from August 1. 1996 to February 28. 1998, and analyzed using paired t-t.est and one way ANOVA with SPSS PC.The results of this study were as follows.The hypothesis 1 'There wiil be a difference in the score of perceived family support between before and after the first six months.* the hypothesis 2• be tween before and after the second six months), the hypothesis 3(after the first six months and after the second six months), the hypothesis 5(betweenafter -the first six months and after the third six monthsJ, and the hypothesis 6(between after the second six months and after the third six months), participating in community based mental health re habilitation program were all rejected.The hypothesis 4 'There will be a difference in the score of perceived family support between before and after the third six months,' participating in com munity based mental health renabilitation program v/ere supported.
The Effect of Mental Illness Education on the Attitudes Toward Mental Illness of High School Students
Authors: Jung Kuem Hee , Sim Dae Sup , Lee Chung Sook
Published: September 2024

The objectives of this study are to find out the positive effect of mental illness education on the attitudes toward mental illness of high school students. 198 students, both male and femane, at S High School located in K City were sampled for this study from 2nd February 1998 until 20 th February 1998. Documents were compiled through questionaires to the experimental group and comparative group of 4 classes after visiting to the school to explain the purpose of the study to the students and teachers.The instrument used for this study was a quest]onai re developed by S. Martin Taylor and Michael J. Dear in 1981 and translated by Lee, Joo-Hoon, et al. which was verified its reliance and validity. CAMI is consists of 40 questions with 4 subordinate factors i.e. authoritarianism. benevolence, social restrictiveness and concept of community mental health.The mental health education was provided with the subject of the concept of mental illness, causes and types of mental illness, characteristics of behavioui. treatment, prognosis, prevention etc. for 50 minutes for two times each class.Findings of the study demonstrate as follows :A significant difference between two groups were shown in 3 factors among 4 in & test carried out after an education on mental illness.That is, the experimental group who was educated on mental illness shows lower points in authoritarianism(t= : 4.8 L, p = .01) and social restrictiveness(t=5.25, p = .01) and higher points in concept of community mental health(t=7 50, p = .01) than that of comparative group. There is no significant difference in the points of benevolence, by the way.As it is shown above, the mental illness education for high school students can change the attitudes towards mental illness. Their attitudes on mental illness was quite positive and favorable after having an education. This shows that, in order to change the attitudes toward mental illness, a systematic and specified on-going preventive education on mental illness reponding to the needs of adolescent is necessary.
The Effects of Imago psychotherapy on Self- actualization, Depression and Self-esteem of Nursing Students
Authors: Lee Hae Kyung
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of imago psychotherapy on Self actualization, Depression and Self-esteem of Nursing Students.The period of this research was from May 10, 1999 to June 20, 1999.The subjects were 10 sophomore nursing students in T college located in Taegu City.The research design was a one-group pretest -posttest design and the theoretical framework was psychodynamic theory. Collected data were analyzed by paired t-test with SPSS program.The results of this research were as follows • 1. The self-actualization mean score of the subjects was characterized by normal value within normal range of scale.The subjects showed high scores in the areas of Time Competent, Inner Directed, Existentiality, Spontaneity. Self Acceptance and Nature of Man.Mean score of depression was low with 10.80 compared with degree of depression( 13.01) in normal group.2. There was significant difference in self actualization in Capacity for Intimate Contact scale.3. There was no significant difference of depression scores between before and after treatment.4. There was no significant difference of self-esteem scores between before and after treatment.I would like to make following suggestions with the results of this study.* The number of the session of imago psychotherapy should be at least 20, and the effect of the therapy can be properly verified.* Imago psychotherapy should be applied to nursing students before and after clinical practice, and the effect of the therapy can be compared.* We need to develop various imago psychotherapy program to improve mental health and self actualization of nursing students.
Stress Response of the Psychiatric Patients in Community
Authors: Youn Young-Hee
Published: September 2024

This investigation was designed for identifying stress response of the psychiatric patients in community. The intent of this investigation is to develop appropriate nursing intervention that is providing the data for the management of the psychiatric patients in community. The report of the psychiatric patients about their own physiological and psychological stress symptom that was useful to make nursing plan for them.Symptom of Stress Inventory was adopted as a tool for the measurement of stress responses.Raw data were collected using a direct survey method of questionnaire, from March 22th to April 30th in 1999. 92 samples were selected from psychiatric patients who were out-patients in the department of psychiatry, and in six mental health, service centers located in Seoul and Kyungki-Province area.SPSS program was used for statistical analysis and the data was analyzed in terms of frequency (percentile score), t-test, F-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient.The results of this investigation are as follows :1. The mean score of total SOS of the psychiatric patients(M=1.00, S.D=.74) were over .70. This result need to require the management of stress.2. The mean score of SOS subscales related to emotional response were relatively high (ranging from 1.19 〜 1.42).3. Between the age and the mean score of total SOS there was significant difference and the result of Scheffe test showed the highest stress response in 30's than 20's, over 40's.4. According to the degree of stress perception by psychiatric patients there was significant difference in the mean score of total SOS (p<.001, F=6.61) and the more the degree of stress perception was, the higher was the stress response.These results showed the stress response perceived by psychiatric patients in community was high. With higher emotional response the management for stress is more required than response perceived by psychiatric patients. High stress response of psychiatric patients lies in uneffective taking care for stress and vulnerability of the stress. The specialists in a part of stress insist that on the side of nursing science the stress management of psychiatric patients doesn't change the status of stress, but the stress response of the related. In short, this study of stress response perceived by psychiatric patients in community can be considered as basic data to new direction of stress management.
The Hospital Experience of Psychiatric Patient : A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Jung Ji Eun
Published: September 2024

The qualitative nursing research used a hermenentic phenomenological approach to discover meaning in the hospital experience of psychiatric unit. The ultimate aim of the inquiry was to discover the essence of psychiatric patient of the hospital experience.This study was guided by Shin Kyung-Rim's method which was modficated Van Manen's for doing research. The method of inquiry included : turing to phenomenom of interest : inquiring and investigating experience an it was lived rather than as conceptualized : reflecting and analyzing essential themes which characterize phenomenon : and describing phenomenon through art of writing and rewriting. Multiple strategies for data collecting were needed : in depth face to face interview : analysis of writing : artistic works : and analysis of examples of phenomenon in art and literature. Although the experience was different for all of the psychiatric patient, essential themes of experience emerged ;fear of the psychiatric department ； knowing of the difference place that I used to be think ;stuffiness out of as a locked prison like :realization from the unexpected meeting with person who unknown : rest in the comfortable environment ; change of the viewpoint about life : identification of the family love : confused suffering which was bothering me : worry about the obscure future.Findings from artistic and creative inquiry further validated findings and meaning discovered.The study illuminated meaning and simul taneously validated the phenomenological research process.Essential themes for understanding psychiatric patient's hospital experience, implications for education, research and practice, direction and need for continuing inquiry were identified.
A Study on the Relations of Ego-state and Interpersonal Attitude in Transactional Analysis
Authors: Lee Sook
Published: September 2024

This study intends to investigate nurses's ego-state and interpersonal attitude manifested by egogram and life position. The purpose of this study were in exploring how ego-state and interpersonal attitude was related and providing the primary or fundamental data to improve the self-understanding and nurse-client relationship.The sample used in this study for analysis was 302 subjects who were working in one university hospital in Chonaan city. As the measuring instruments, Egogram and Lifeposition inventory were administered. The collected data were verified by statistical methods such as pearson's correlation coefficient, ANOVA.This study summarizeds the finding as follows;1. The subject's egogram profile was counter U pattern with A top-pointed. The psychological energy level of ego-state was lower by the score of ego-state.2. There were differences in CP, NP, A scores by working years and AC, I+ scores by education levels.3. The subject's interpersonal attitude pattern were I'm OK, You're Ok. The proportion of this pattern was 93.7%.4. There were significant correlations between ego-state and interpersonal attitude, positive attitude to self(I'm OK) were related CP, NP, A, FC ego-state especially except AC.
Symptoms of Stress in Essential Hypertension
Authors: Lee Pyoung Sook , Han Kuem Sun
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factor on symptoms of stress in essential hypertension. The subjects of this study were 51 patient with mild essential hypertension diagnosed by physician at outpatient and health examination center in a University hospital located in Seoul, Korea. The instrument for this study were Ways of Coping scale by Lazarus and Folkman(1984), Selfefficacy scale by Sherer(1982), SOS scale by Kogan(1991), and Health Promoting Behavior Scale by Walker(1988).The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients and Stepwise multiple regression using SAS.The results of this study were as follows:1. The wishful thinking coping, avoidanceindifference coping, seek for social support coping, and tension reduce coping showed a significant positive correlation with symptoms of stress. Therefore, the higher emotionoriented coping, the higher symptoms of stress.2. The self-efficacy showed a significant negative correlation with symptoms of stress.The health promoting behavior showed a negative correlation with symptoms of stress.Therefore, the higher self-efficacy and health promoting behavior, lower symptoms of stress.3. Stepwised multiple regression analysis revealed that most powerful predictor of symptoms of stress in essential hypertension patients was self-efficacy. A combination of self-efficacy, self-conservation coping, exercise accounts for 33% of the variance in symptoms of stress in the Essential hypertension patients.In conclusion, ways of coping, self-efficacy, and health promoting behavior are influencing factors on stress symptoms in essential hypertension.From the results of this study, suggestions are as follows:1. To develop the stress management program, influencing variables above mentioned should be considered.2. It is necessary to replicate this study with a larger sample in different setting.
The Effect of Mental Health Education using the Videotape on the Coping Styles of the Family members of Schizophrenia
Authors: Lee Gil Za , Kim Chui Kwon
Published: September 2024

In order to compare the effect of psychoeducation on the coping styles of family members of schizophrenia toward the difficult situations, 64 family members of schizophrenia were assigned into three groups, such as traditional lecture group(N=20). educational videotape group(N = 21), and non-educational group(N = 23), and were participated psychoeducation program separately for 4 hours by two weeks. The four difficult situations include patients' noncompliance with medication, violent behaviors, unusual talking and behaviors, and lack of motivation, The results were as follows. family members of schizophrenia use most frequently two strategies of *soothe and plead with patients* or compromise between what they want and what patient wants*.2) Regarding the change of perception of the coping styles of family members of schizophrenia toward the four common difficult situations after psychoeducation, lecture group and videotape group showed marked changes compared with those of the non-educational group after psychoeducation. And lecture group was superior to videotape group in those changes.These results suggest that the psychoeducation using the educational videotape might be the useful way to educate family members of schizophrenia.
The Effects of Primary Nursing Implemented to Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Kim Sun Kyung , Suh Moon Ja
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Primary Nursing administered to one psychiatric unit.With nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized design, the subjects were selected from one university hospital in Incheon. Korea from December 1998 to September 1999. The subjects were 34 psychiatric patients composed of experimental group (17) for Primary Nursing and control group (17) for ordinary nursing.In order to obtain the research objectives, the patient's behavioral characteristics were evaluated with the NOSIE(Nurses’ Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation), the patient satisfactions were evaluated with the Monica's scale. And the patient's self-care activities were evaluated with the Yu Sook Ja' scale.The patienfs behavioral characteristics were measured at the time of admission and discharge Patient Satisfaction were measured at the time of discharge. The state of self-care activities prior to admission were measured at the time of discharge and the state of selFcare activities at discharge was measured one week after discharge.The data were analyzed with SAS program.The homogeneity of general characteristics between experimental and control group was tested using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel statistics.The t-test for behavioral characteristics and patient satisfaction, and ANCOVA for self-care activities were done.The results of this study were as follows :Primary Nursing was relatively effective on diminishing the patient's negative behavioral factors such as irritability and depression, and effective on enhancing the patient's positive factors such as neatness and competence. The patients of experimental group were more satisfied with the nurse's professional skill, trust relationship and education although statistically insignificant. Primary Nursing also was effective on the patient self-care activities after discharge such as eating, personal hygiene, elimination, clothing, safety and leisure time activities.Considering the obtained results, it was suggested that Primary Nursing should be widely implemented to the psychiatric inpatients in order to provide more conductive environments for better self-care activities, patient's satisfaction and patient's behavioral change. Therefore, the Primary Nursing could be expanded to the psychiatric ward of university hospitals and the acute setting of large psychiatric hospitals.
Nursing students' Clinical Experiences
Authors: Park Jeoung Weon , Sun Ha, Na
Published: September 2024

This research used a focus group interview method to understand nursing students' clinical experience in college.Data was created by Three focus groups consisted of 6 〜7 college nursing students. Data was analysed by phenomenological method. The result of the study, 5 dimensions emerged and these consisted of the following themes.1) The change of daily life: 1st dimension's themes are life focused on clinical practice*, ‘breaking off friend-relations*, ‘physical fatigue*, 'experience of physical symptoms due to stress*, 4 worried about her family 2) The change of personality: 2nd dimension's themes are "being urgent*, *being obsessed*, 'doing with her own’.3) Low self respect: 3rd dimension's themes are 'low self esteem "the absence of her roles’.4) Feeling of Burden: 4th dimension's themes are ‘being strained*, "the stress of being evaluated*.5) internal maturations: 5th dimension's themes are ‘conflicts to emotional exchanges*, 'finding out her own image on nurses*, 'being recognized*, ‘being maturity*.
A Experience of the Depression: A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Bae Jeong Yee
Published: September 2024

Purpose: The puqjose of this study was to explore and describe the experience of depression. Methods: The qualitative research method used was phenomenological approach. The participants were depressive patients. The data were collected through in-depth unstructured interviews with audiotape recording done by the investigator over a period of seven months. The participants were asked to describe about their depression experience. The data was analyzed according to the Colaizzi's method for phenomenological analysis. Results: The interview data was organised by themes into nine categories emerged from the analysis. Participants experienced varies difficulty related to depression. The categories were physical symptoms, lower self-esteem, unstable emotion, burden, dispair, loss, isolation, suicidal need and recovery. Conclusion: Nurse should be a providing the empathetic support and effective nursing intervention for depressive patients. And effective guidance program is required to improve mental health. This study can contribute to designing an appropriate depression prevention strategy in turn with the particular characteristics and problems of a client. This study will prove helpful understanding nursing student for educator and clinical nursing staff.
Relationship of the Purpose in Life, Spiritual Well-being Self-concept, Self-esteem of Adolescence
Authors: Kang Eun-Sil
Published: September 2024

This study was carried out to identify the relationships of Purpose in life, Selfkoncept, Self-esteem and Spiritual well-being of adolescence.Design of the research was correlational study. Objects of the study were 215 high school students in M city of Korea.Data was collected from 7th Nov. 1999 to 12th April, 1999 using by structured questionaire. Inventories of the study were PIL(Purpose in Life) scale developed by Crumbaugh & Maholick(1969), Self- concept scale by Lee & W에(1995)， Rosenberg's self- esteem scale translated by Choi(1972), spiritual well-being scale developed by Paloutzian & Ellison, translated by Choi(1990).Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation using SPSS/PC 10.0 program.The results were as follow :1. Mean value of Purpose in life(87.14), Spiritual well-being(41.31), Self-concept( 107.12), SelSesteem(37.91) of adolescence were low.2. Relationships of the Purpose in life, Spiritual well-being Self-concept and Self-esteem of adolescence.Purpose in life of adolescence are positive relationships with Spiritual well-being(r=.355, P= .000), Self-concept(r=.488, P= .000) and Selfesteem of adolescence(r=.499, P= .000). Selfconcept of adolescence are positive relationships with Purpose in life(r=.488, .000), Spiritual well-being(r=.141, P= .041) and Self-esteem of adolescence(r=.753, P= .000). Self卜esteem of adolescence are positive relationships with Purpose in life(r=.459, P= .000), Selfconcept of adolescence (「=.753，P= .000). Spiritual well-being of adolescence are positive relationships with Purpose in life(r=.355, P=.000), Self-concept of adolescence(r=.141, P= .041).In conclusion, Purpose in life of adolescence are positive relationships with Spiritual well-being Self-concept and Self-esteem of adolescence. Therefore, development of program to increase Purpose in life of the adolescence will be necessary.
Learning Experiences of Graduate Nursing Students through Problem-based Learning Curriculum
Authors: Hyun Myung Sun , Kim Sun Ah
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was to understand the learning experiences of graduate nursing students through the Problem-based learning curriculum. Methods: Six graduate students were included in this study. Of six subjects, four were nurses in the hospital, two were school health nurses in the elementary school. The Problem-based learning curriculum was provided for those subjects in Education Graduate School in A University from March, 2000 to June, 2000. Data were collected through the reflective journal of the subjects. The data were analyzed by the content analysis in the framework of the Grounded Theory method as suggested by Strauss and Corbin(1990) which is useful in discovering and understanding the learning experiences of the subjects. Fourteen concepts were identified from the data. Results: It was found that their experiences were identified through the three stages of learning process. First, during the beginning stage, the subjects experienced adjusting to the group work as the learning method, uncertainty to the learning process, difficulty of finding problem solving in problem based situation, reflection about one's role in real field, recognizing a need for self directed study, and recognizing a gap between theory and practice. Then, during the middle stage, they experienced burden for study preparation, conflict for applicability of learned knowledge to the real situation, satisfaction for the learning of knowledge required in real situation, and certainty to knowledge learning by teacher's lecture. Finally, during the terminal stage, they experienced promotion of self-image in real field, promotion of potential for problem solving, expectation for positive change in real field by one*s role, and change in one's study and life pattern. Conclusion: This study helps to understand and discover the experiences of graduate students through the Problem-based learning curriculum. Therefore, this study can provide the basic data and direction in developing and applying Problem-based learning curriculum in education.
A Transactional Analysis Group Program to Improve Nursing College Student’s Ego states
Authors: Lee Sook
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study attempted to help ego state activation of nursing college students who have difficult with adaptation and dissactisfaction on campus life by means of transactional analysis group counselling program.Methods: The total subjects who volunteered to participate in the transactional analysis group counselling program were nursing college freshman. AU subjects were assigned to training group by time conveniently. Training group participated 9 session from 2002, 24, June to 24, Oct.. Results: When comparing Egogram the results of pre and post test of this program, there were were significant difference among NP, A, FC. The shape of Ego gram was changed from N pattern to M pattern. The positive function of ego states were significant difference among A, FC and the negative function of ego states were CP, NP and FC. All members of the training group answered that their personality type is relatively easy to understand and support to activating ego states. Conclusion: This TA group program is effective in activating ego states for nursing student.
A Survey on Drinking Status of Middle School Students in Korea
Authors: Park Ho Ran , Sohng Kyeong Yae , Kim Nam Cho , Yang Soo , Lee So Young , Moon Young lm
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to provide basic data for adolescent drinking prevention through the investigation of drinking status of middle school students. Methods: Students from 15 different middle schools located in the S district of Seoul were investigated using a self questionnaire. A total 1,957 students, two classes of 7-8 graders from each school, answered the questionnaire during November 8 to 19, 2002. The tool used for the research was modified version of what Korean Association Against Drug Abuse and Korean Drinking Culture and Alcohol Research have developed and a subscale of POSIT used to identify middle schooler's problem drinking. The Cronbach's a of the tool was .87. The data analyzed using Spss Win 10.0. Results: 1. The rate of students who have experienced drinking was 64.1% and 23.1% are still drinking. 3.4% drinks more than 2 times a week.2. A total 94% replied they have started drinking before 7th grade and 53.9% started during elementary school and 20.7% before elementary school and 19.4% during 7th grade.3. The rate of middle schooler's problem drinking measured by a subscale of POSIT was 5.5% among total subjects, and 8.5% among experienced drinkers. Conclusions: To prevent middle schooler's drinking, a accurate survey of drinking should be carried out repeatedly and relating factors to middle schoolefs drinking be analyzed.