bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Furoscrobiculin B.
Authors: SEKI M. , SAKAMOTO T. , SUEMUNE H. , KANEMATSU K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Constituents of Marine Sponges. Part 7. Absolute Stereochemistry of Aplyroseol‐1 (I).
Authors: HAMBLEY T. W. , TAYLOR W. C. , TOTH S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regiospecificity in the Hydroboration of 6‐Hydroxyandrost‐4‐enes.
Authors: HANSON J. R. , HITCHCOCK P. B. , LIMAN M. D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective 7α‐Hydroxylation of 3β‐Acetoxy‐δ5‐ steroids by Fe(PA)3/H2O2/MeCN.
Authors: KOTANI E. , TAKEYA T. , EGAWA H. , TOBINAGA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Benz(f)tryptophan, a Bathochromic Analogue of Tryptophan: Synthesis of Its N‐α‐t‐Boc Derivative.
Authors: YOKUM T. S. , TUNGATURTHI P. K. , MCLAUGHLIN M. L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Constrained Amino Acids β‐ Isopropyl‐2′,6′‐dimethyl‐tyrosines.
Authors: HAN Y. , LIAO S. , QIU W. , CAI C. , HRUBY V. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Synthetic Receptors That Bind Peptides in Water.
Authors: TORNEIRO M. , STILL W. C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Deoxy‐D‐glycero‐pentulose: A Convenient Starting Material for the Synthesis of 4‐Hydroxyprolinol.
Authors: BECUCCI T. , CAPOZZI G. , MENICHETTI S. , NATIVI C. , SALSINI L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Trisaccharide Repeating Unit Related to Arabinogalactan‐ Protein (AGP) Polysaccharides.
Authors: VALDOR J.‐F. , MACKIE W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Inter‐ and Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition of Enantiopure 4,5‐ O,C‐Functionalized Cyclohex‐2‐enone and Its Derivatives Prepared from D‐Glucose.
Authors: SATAKE Y. , TADANO K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Modified Carbohydrates with Glycosidases: Stereo‐ and Regiospecific Syntheses of Lactosamine Derivatives and Related Compounds.
Authors: NILSSON K. G. I. , PAN H. , LARSSON‐LOREK U.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Structure of the Capsular Polysaccharide from Klebsiella Type 52 Using the Computerized Approach CASPER and NMR Spectroscopy.
Authors: STENUTZ R. , ERBING B. , WIDMALM G. , JANSSON P.‐E. , NIMMICH W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzylation of Aldonolactones with Benzyl Trichloroacetimidate.
Authors: JENSEN H. ST. , LIMBERG G. , PEDERSEN C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Desoxoprosophylline: Application of a Lactam‐ Derived Enol Triflate to Natural Product Synthesis.
Authors: LUKER T. , HIEMSTRA H. , SPECKAMP W. N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Constituents of Broussonetia Species. Part 2. Six New Pyrrolidine Alkaloids, Broussonetine A, B, E, F, and Broussonetinine A and B, as Inhibitors of Glycosidases from Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb.
Authors: SHIBANO M. , KITAGAWA S. , NAKAMURA S. , AKAZAWA N. , KUSANO G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzyme‐Catalyzed Reactions. Part 28. Synthesis of the Adrenergic Bronchodilators (R)‐Terbutaline and (R)‐Salbutamol from (R)‐ Cyanohydrins.
Authors: EFFENBERGER F. , JAEGER J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Metabolites of Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Part 3. Two New Tetronic Acids: 5‐Hydroxyvertinolide and Bislongiquinolide
Authors: ANDRADE R. , AYER W. A. , TRIFONOV L. S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Singlet Oxygen in Synthesis. Formation of d,l‐ and meso‐ Isochrysohermidin from a 3,3′‐Bipyrrole Precursor.
Authors: WASSERMAN H. H. , ROTELLO V. M. , FRECHETTE R. , DESIMONE R. W. , YOO J. U. , BALDINO C. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of (‐)‐Curcumanolide A Using Enzymatic Transesterification of meso‐Spirodiol.
Authors: FUJITA T. , TANAKA M. , NORIMINE Y. , SUEMUNE H. , SAKAI K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Balanol.
Authors: MIYABE H. , TORIEDA M. , KIGUCHI T. , NAITO T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Actinoflavoside, a Novel Flavonoid‐Like Glycoside Produced by a Marine Bacterium of the Genus Streptomyces
Authors: JIANG Z.‐D. , JENSEN P. R. , FENICAL W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Modular Approach to Marine Macrolide Construction. Part 1. An Enantiocontrolled Route to the C1‐C12 (AB) Spiroacetal Sector.
Authors: PAQUETTE L. A. , ZUEV D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Modular Approach to Marine Macrolide Construction. Part 2. Concise Stereocontrolled Synthesis of the C17‐C28 (CD) Spiroacetal Component.
Authors: PAQUETTE L. A. , BRAUN A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies Toward Thiostrepton Antibiotics: Assembly of the Central Pyridine‐Thiazole Cluster of Micrococcins.
Authors: CIUFOLINI M. A. , SHEN Y. C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiomarinols D, E, F and G, New Hybrid Antimicrobial Antibiotics Produced by a Marine Bacterium; Isolation, Structure, and Antimicrobial Activity.
Authors: SHIOZAWA H. , SHIMADA A. , TAKAHASHI S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Synthesis of (S)‐(+)‐3‐Methylheneicosan‐2‐one, an Analogue of Sex Pheromone of the German Cockroach (Blatella germanica L.) from (‐)‐(1R,4S)‐Menthone.
Authors: ISHMURATOV G. YU. , YAKOVLEVA M. P. , KHARISOV R. YA. , MUSLIMOVA I. M. , MUSLUKHOV R. R. , SAFIULLIN R. L. , TOLSTIKOV G. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Antimicrobial Algal Metabolites of Unusual Structure. Concise Synthesis of the Highly Oxygenated (4.4)Spirononene Dimethyl Gloiosiphone A by Ring Expansion of Dimethyl Squarate.
Authors: STURINO C. F. , DOUSSOT P. , PAQUETTE L. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of the Sieve Method to the Enumeration of Stable Stereo and Position Isomers of a Series of Deoxycyclitols.
Authors: NEMBA R. M. , FAH M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Part 43. Schiff Bases Derived from Aromatic Sulfonamides: Towards More Specific Inhibitors for Membrane‐ Bound versus Cytosolic Isozymes.
Authors: SUPURAN C. T. , SCOZZAFAVA A. , POPESCU A. , BOBES‐TUREAC R. , BANCIU A. , CREANGA A. , BOBES‐TUREAC G. , BANCIU M. D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel 4,5‐Dihydro‐4‐oxo‐3H‐imidazo(4,5‐c)pyridines. Potent Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists with High Affinity for Both the AT1 and AT2 Subtypes.
Authors: MEDERSKI W. W. K. R. , DORSCH D. , OSSWALD M. , SCHWARTZ H. , BEIER N. , CHRISTADLER M. , MINCK K. O. , SCHELLING P. , SCHMITGES C. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Opening and Filling Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: COOK J. , SLOAN J. , GREEN M. L. H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare‐Earth Based Giant Magnetostrictive Materials
Authors: CHENG S. F. , CLARK A. E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanocomposites Containing Nanoclusters of Metal Phosphides of the Nickel Group Elements: an Overview
Authors: LUKEHART C. M. , MILNE S. B. , STOCK S. R. , WITTIG J. E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Electrochemistry in Coordination Chemistry: Metal‐Ligand Bonds and Their Activation by Electron Transfer
Authors: POMBEIRO A. J. L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphorus Monoxide Coordination Chemistry
Authors: WANG W. , CARTY A. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Asymmetric Synthesis of Aziridines
Authors: OSBORN H. M. I. , SWEENEY J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycopeptide Resistance in Multiple Antibiotic‐Resistant Gram‐Positive Bacteria: A Current Challenge for Novel Semi‐Synthetic Glycopeptide Derivatives
Authors: MALABARBA A. , NICAS T. I. , CIABATTI R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Generation of Organometallic Systems. Metal Carbonyl Complexes with Silacarbacyclic π‐Ligands, Synthetic and Structural Investigations
Authors: AFANASOVA O. B. , KIRILLOVA N. I. , CHERNYSHEV E. A. , STRUCHKOV YU. T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Use of Hypervalent Iodine Reagents in Organic Synthesis
Authors: KITAMURA T. , FUJIWARA Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diheterocyclanes as Synthons for the Preparation of Novel Series of Nucleoside and Acyclonucleoside Analogues
Authors: CAMPOS J. , GOMEZ J. A. , TRUJILLO M. A. , GALLO M. A. , ESPINOSA A. , MARCHAL J. A. , ARANEGA A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligands of the Histamine H3‐Receptor: New Potent Antagonists of the 2‐ Thioimidazole Type
Authors: PLAZZI P. V. , MOR M. , BORDI F. , SILVA C. , RIVARA S. , CARETTA A. , BALLABENI V. , IMPICCIATORE M. , VITALI T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Chiral Biologically Active Heterocycles
Authors: DE AMICI M. , DE MICHELI C. , CIANFERRARA T. , STEFANCICH G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfone Derivatives with anti‐HIV Activity
Authors: SILVESTRI R. , ARTICO M. , MASSA S. , STEFANCICH G. , CONGEDDU E. , PUTZOLU M. , LA COLLA P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Artificial Supramolecules: Development in Multiple Interactions
Authors: AOYAMA Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Transformation of C‐H and C‐C Bonds
Authors: MURAKAMI M. , ITO Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Synthesis and Catalytic Antibodies
Authors: HIRATAKE J. , ODA J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Chemistry
Authors: FUKASE K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Selective separation of copper (II) and cobalt (II) from wastewater by using continuous cross‐flow micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration and surfactant recovery from metal micellar solutions
Authors: Anthati Vijay Anand Kumar , Marathe K. V.
Published: August 2010

Performance of continuous cross‐flow micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) method was investigated for the selective separation of copper (Cu2+) and cobalt (Co2+) from the aqueous phase using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an anionic surfactant and iminodiacetic acid (IDA) as a chelating agent. Operating parameters such as operating time (10–120 min), cross‐flow rate (100–250 mL/min), pH of the solution (2.8–5.6), molar concentration ratio of the chelating agent to metals (the C/M ratio, 0.5–2.5), molar concentration ratio of the surfactant to metals (the S/M ratio, 5–8) and mode of operation were studied to investigate the effectiveness of the process on selective separation. At optimal parameters, above 90% selective separation (Cu2+ in permeate and Co2+ in retentate) was achieved. Two methods were studied for the separation of Co2+ and SDS from retentate stream; acidification followed by UF and addition of chelating agent followed by UF with surfactant recovery of 75% and 83%, respectively, and Co going into the permeate.
Direct measurement of groundwater uptake through tree roots in a cave
Authors: Doody Tanya M. , Benyon Richard G.
Published: August 2010

Recent intensive research investigating groundwater extraction of Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in south east South Australia has focused on measurement of sapflow rates in P. radiata stems above ground. An extended dry period in summer 2001 provided an opportunity to install sapflow sensors in a P. radiata root clump, which extended through a limestone cave to an unconfined aquifer approximately 14 m below the surface. Over 5 days in March 2001, sapflow velocities were monitored in three individual roots extending from a 58‐year‐old P. radiata tree. A second sensor set installed in the tree stem enabled direct comparison of water flow through the tree stem and roots. Sap‐flux density averaged 0·840 m3 m−2 day−1 and 0·240 m3 m−2 day−1, in the roots and stem, respectively. Sapwood cross‐sectional area of the root clump was 0·012 m2 compared to 0·193 m2 for the main tree stem. Total water flow through the stem over 5 days, averaged 0·046 m3 day−1 compared to 0·010 m3 day−1 through the root clump. Thus, at least 22% of tree water use came directly from the unconfined aquifer via these roots. The tree was possibly obtaining more than 22% of its water from this source, if additional tree roots had aquifer access. These results present direct evidence that P. radiata trees can extract water from an unconfined aquifer at depth, if their roots are able to reach the watertable, providing direct support to intensive water balance studies in the region that infer groundwater extraction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Observation of Room‐Temperature Deep‐Red/Near‐IR Phosphorescence of Pyrene with Cycloplatinated Complexes: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Wu Wenting , Wu Wanhua , Ji Shaomin , Guo Huimin , Zhao Jianzhang
Published: August 2010

Pyrene‐containing cyclometallated PtII complexes, with the pyrene moiety directly cyclometallated (Pt‐1) or connected to a 2‐phenylpyridine (ppy) ligand through a C–C (Pt‐2) or C≡C bond (Pt‐3), and a control complex with a phenyl group attached to the ppy ligand (Pt‐4) have been prepared. Room‐temperature deep‐red/near‐IR (NIR) phosphorescence emission (650–800 nm) was observed for Pt‐1, Pt‐2 and Pt‐3, whereas Pt‐4 showed emission at 528 nm. We found that Pt‐2, in which the pyrene moiety is not directly cyclometallated, shows intense pyrene‐based phosphorescence, which contrasts with a previous report that direct cyclometallation is necessary for the observation of the phosphorescence of pyrene in cyclometallated complexes. Besides the phosphorescence emission in the deep‐red/near‐IR range, a fluorescence emission band at higher energy was observed. Thus, these complexes can be described as unichromophore multi‐emissive materials. Normal 3MLCT/3IL emission at 528 nm was observed for Pt‐4. The UV/Vis absorption and phosphorescence emissions of the complexes were rationalized by DFT/TDDFT calculations. Theoretical calculations propose pyrene‐localized T1 states (3IL) for Pt‐1, Pt‐2 and Pt‐3, which is supported by the experimental results. The complexes were used in luminescent O2‐sensing experiments. These studies will be helpful in the development of room‐temperature phosphorescent materials and their application as luminescent molecular sensing or electroluminescent materials are promising.
Cell Compatible Fluorescent Chemosensor for Hg2+ with High Sensitivity and Selectivity Based on the Rhodamine Fluorophore
Authors: Jiang Li , Wang Ling , Zhang Bo , Yin Gui , Wang Rui‐Yong
Published: August 2010

An easily prepared “turn‐on”‐type fluorescent chemosensor for mercury based on Rhodamine‐B, which exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity over other metal ions in aqueous systems, was obtained. The distinctive wavelengths in the UV/Vis absorption range can sense Hg2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ separately. Furthermore, this “turn‐on”‐type fluorescent sensor, upon the addition of Hg2+ over other competitive species, was successfully applied to bioimaging in yeast and HeLa cells. The potential of these types of chemosensors for use in environmental and biological systems is great.
Self‐Organization by Chiral Recognition Based on ad hoc Chiral Pockets in Cyclotriphosphazenes with Binaphthoxy and Biphenoxy Substituents: An X‐ray, NMR and Computational Study
Authors: García Álvarez José L. , Amato Maria E. , Lombardo Giuseppe M. , Carriedo Gabino A. , Punzo Francesco
Published: August 2010

The chiral cyclic triphosphazenes (R)‐(–)‐[N3P3(O2C20H12)(O2C12H8)Cl2] (I) and (R,R)‐(–) [N3P3(O2C20H12)2(O2C12H8)] (II), prepared by sequential substitution of [N3P­3Cl6] using (R)‐2,2′‐dihydroxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyl, 2,2′‐dihydroxy‐1,1′‐biphenyl and Cs2CO3 in acetone, have been investigated by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, variable‐temperature NMR spectroscopy in solution and MM calculations under periodic boundary conditions in the gas state. In both compounds only the diastereomer corresponding to the (R)‐biphenoxy configuration is present in the solid state. In spite of the existence of quite large voids potentially occupied by solvents, the configuration adopted by the biphenoxy substituents is solely determined by packing interactions consisting of definite preferential supramolecular interactions between a biphenoxy group of one molecule and the chiral pocket created between the biphenoxy and binaphthoxy groups of another molecule. A network of T‐shaped non‐covalent interactions ensures an efficient chiral discrimination. The in silico simulations confirmed this hypothesis. Both the concentration‐dependence and temperature‐variable 1H NMR spectra in solution confirmed this behaviour showing that on lowering the temperature one of the two diasteroisomers vanished after conversion into the more stable atropisomer as a consequence of chiral induction of the (R)‐binaphthyl system on the (R)‐biphenyl configuration. In further agreement with the X‐ray structure as well as with the energy distribution resulting from the in silico calculations, the 1H NMR spectra show the dependence of the chemical shift on concentration, which suggests the presence of aggregates in solution. Therefore molecules I and II are capable of a special type of self‐organization by chiral recognition based on the ad hoc generation of chiral pockets.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Bis‐Functionalization of Isatylidenes: A Facile Route towards Spiro‐Indol‐2‐ones
Authors: George Sholly Clair , John Jubi , Anas Saithalavi , John Joshni , Yamamoto Yoshinori , Suresh Eringathodi , Radhakrishnan K. V.
Published: August 2010

An effective protocol has been developed for the construction of 3,3‐disubstituted indol‐2‐ones from isatylidenes by utilizing amphiphilic bis‐π‐allylpalladium and related intermediates. The developed strategy is a new method for the quaternization of position 3 of the indol‐2‐one towards disubstituted functionalized indol‐2‐ones. These products were subjected to ring‐closing metathesis towards the synthesis of spiro[cyclohexene‐1,3′‐indol]‐2′‐ones and spiro[oxep‐5‐ene‐2,3′‐indol]‐2′‐ones, which are of biological interest.
Increased “default mode” activity in adolescents prenatally exposed to cocaine
Authors: Li Zhihao , Santhanam Priya , Coles Claire D. , Lynch Mary Ellen , Hamann Stephan , Peltier Scott , Hu Xiaoping
Published: August 2010

Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) is associated with attention/arousal dysregulation and possible inefficiencies in some cognitive functions. However, the neurobiological bases of these teratogenic effects have not been well characterized. Because activities in the default mode network (DMN) reflect intrinsic brain functions that are closely associated with arousal regulation and cognition, alterations in the DMN could underlie cognitive effects related to PCE. With resting‐state and task activation functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study investigated the possible PCE related changes in functional brain connectivity and brain activation in the DMN. In the resting state, the PCE group was found to have stronger functional connectivity in the DMN, as compared to the nonexposed controls. During a working memory task with emotional distracters, the PCE group exhibited less deactivation in the DMN and their fMRI signal was more increased by emotional arousal. These data revealed additional neural effects related to PCE, and consistent with previous findings, indicate that PCE may affect behavior and functioning by increasing baseline arousal and altering the excitatory/inhibitory balancing mechanisms involved in cognitive resource allocation. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Transcription Factors Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5A (STAT5A) and STAT5B Negatively Regulate Cell Proliferation Through the Activation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2b ( Cdkn2b ) and Cdkn1a Expression
Authors: Yu Ji Hoon , Zhu Bing-Mei , Wickre Mark , Riedlinger Gregory , Chen Weiping , Hosui Atsushi , Robinson Gertraud W. , Hennighausen Lothar
Published: August 2010

Although the cytokine-inducible transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) promotes proliferation of a wide range of cell types, there are cell-specific and context-specific cases in which loss of STAT5 results in enhanced cell proliferation. Here, we report that loss of STAT5 from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) leads to enhanced proliferation, which was linked to reduced levels of the cell cycle inhibitors p15INK4B and p21CIP1. We further demonstrate that growth hormone, through the transcription factor STAT5, enhances expression of the

Cdkn2b

(cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B) gene and that STAT5A binds to interferon-gamma–activated sequence sites within the promoter. We recently demonstrated that ablation of STAT5 from liver results in hepatocellular carcinoma upon CCl4 treatment. We now establish that STAT5, like in MEFs, activates expression of the

Cdkn2b

gene in liver tissue. Loss of STAT5 led to diminished p15INK4B and increased hepatocyte proliferation.

Conclusion:

This study for the first time demonstrates that cytokines, through STAT5, induce the expression of a key cell cycle inhibitor. These experiments therefore shed mechanistic light on the context-specific role of STAT5 as tumor suppressor. (Hepatology 2010;52:1808-1818)
Polymerase γ Gene POLG Determines the Risk of Sodium Valproate-Induced Liver Toxicity
Authors: Stewart Joanna D. , Horvath Rita , Baruffini Enrico , Ferrero Iliana , Bulst Stefanie , Watkins Paul B. , Fontana Robert J. , Day Christopher P. , Chinnery Patrick F.
Published: August 2010

Sodium valproate (VPA) is widely used throughout the world to treat epilepsy, migraine, chronic headache, bipolar disorder, and as adjuvant chemotherapy. VPA toxicity is an uncommon but potentially fatal cause of idiosyncratic liver injury. Rare mutations in

POLG

, which codes for the mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ (polγ), cause Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS). AHS is a neurometabolic disorder associated with an increased risk of developing fatal VPA hepatotoxicity. We therefore set out to determine whether common genetic variants in

POLG

explain why some otherwise healthy individuals develop VPA hepatotoxicity. We carried out a prospective study of subjects enrolled in the Drug Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) from 2004 to 2008 through five US centers.

POLG

was sequenced and the functional consequences of VPA and novel

POLG

variants were evaluated in primary human cell lines and the yeast model system

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

. Heterozygous genetic variation in

POLG

was strongly associated with VPA-induced liver toxicity (odds ratio = 23.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 8.4-65.8,

P

= 5.1 × 10−7). This was principally due to the p.Q1236H substitution which compromised polγ function in yeast. Therapeutic doses of VPA inhibited human cellular proliferation and high doses caused nonapoptotic cell death, which was not mediated through mitochondrial DNA depletion, mutation, or a defect of fatty acid metabolism.

Conclusion:

These findings implicate impaired liver regeneration in VPA toxicity and show that prospective genetic testing of

POLG

will identify individuals at high risk of this potentially fatal consequence of treatment. (Hepatology 2010;52:1791-1796)
Relating hydrogeomorphic properties to stream buffering chemistry in the Neversink River watershed, New York State, USA
Authors: Harpold Adrian Adam , Burns Douglas A. , Walter Todd , Shaw Stephen B. , Steenhuis Tammo S.
Published: August 2010

Monitoring the effects of acidic deposition on aquatic ecosystems in the Northeastern US has generally required regular measurements of stream buffering chemistry (i.e. acid‐neutralizing capacity (ANC) and calcium Ca2+), which can be expensive and time consuming. The goal of this paper was to develop a simple method for predicting baseflow buffering chemistry based on the hydrogeomorphic properties of ten nested watersheds in the Neversink River basin (2·0–176·0 km2), an acid‐sensitive basin in the Catskill Mountains, New York State. The tributaries and main reach watersheds have strongly contrasting mean baseflow ANC values and Ca2+ concentrations, despite rather homogeneous vegetation, bedrock geology, and soils. A stepwise regression was applied to relate 13 hydrogeomorphic properties to the mean baseflow ANC values and Ca2+ concentrations. The regression analysis showed that watersheds with lower ANC values had a higher mean ratio of ‘quickflow’ runoff to precipitation during 20 non‐snowmelt runoff events (referred to as mean runoff ratio). The mean runoff ratio could explain at least 80% of the variability in mean baseflow ANC values and Ca2+ concentrations among the ten watersheds. Greater mean runoff ratios also correlated with steeper slopes and greater drainage densities, thus allowing the prediction of baseflow ANC values (r2 = 0·75) and Ca2+ concentrations (r2 = 0·77) with widely available spatial data alone. These results indicate that hydrogeomorphic properties can predict a watershed's sensitivity to acid deposition in regions where the spatial sources of stream buffering chemistry from the bedrock mineralogy and soils are fairly uniform. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gypsies in the palace: experimentalist's view on the use of 3‐D physics‐based simulation of hillslope hydrological response
Authors: James April L. , McDonnell Jeffrey J. , Tromp‐van Meerveld Ilja , Peters Norman E.
Published: August 2010

As a fundamental unit of the landscape, hillslopes are studied for their retention and release of water and nutrients across a wide range of ecosystems. The understanding of these near‐surface processes is relevant to issues of runoff generation, groundwater–surface water interactions, catchment export of nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, contaminants (e.g. mercury) and ultimately surface water health. We develop a 3‐D physics‐based representation of the Panola Mountain Research Watershed experimental hillslope using the TOUGH2 sub‐surface flow and transport simulator. A recent investigation of sub‐surface flow within this experimental hillslope has generated important knowledge of threshold rainfall‐runoff response and its relation to patterns of transient water table development. This work has identified components of the 3‐D sub‐surface, such as bedrock topography, that contribute to changing connectivity in saturated zones and the generation of sub‐surface stormflow. Here, we test the ability of a 3‐D hillslope model (both calibrated and uncalibrated) to simulate forested hillslope rainfall‐runoff response and internal transient sub‐surface stormflow dynamics. We also provide a transparent illustration of physics‐based model development, issues of parameterization, examples of model rejection and usefulness of data types (e.g. runoff, mean soil moisture and transient water table depth) to the model enterprise. Our simulations show the inability of an uncalibrated model based on laboratory and field characterization of soil properties and topography to successfully simulate the integrated hydrological response or the distributed water table within the soil profile. Although not an uncommon result, the failure of the field‐based characterized model to represent system behaviour is an important challenge that continues to vex scientists at many scales. We focus our attention particularly on examining the influence of bedrock permeability, soil anisotropy and drainable porosity on the development of patterns of transient groundwater and sub‐surface flow. Internal dynamics of transient water table development prove to be essential in determining appropriate model parameterization. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BENCHMARKING IRRIGATION WATER USE IN GOLF COURSES – A CASE STUDY IN SPAIN
Authors: Rodríguez‐Díaz J.A. , Weatherhead E.K. , García Morillo J. , Knox J.W.
Published: August 2010

The golf sector is a relatively new competitor for scarce freshwater resources in many countries. Golf courses are increasingly being required to implement best management practice programmes promoting efficient use of water. As part of these programmes, water audits are undertaken to diagnose the current performance of the golf course. Benchmarking, a systematic process for detecting inefficiencies based on comparisons between similar systems, is a potential tool for identifying and targeting problem areas.

An existing benchmarking methodology developed by the International Programme for Technology and Research in Irrigation and Drainage for agricultural irrigation schemes has been adapted for evaluating golf course irrigation. The objectives of growing sports turf are very different from agricultural production systems, but the underlying ethos is directly comparable. Groups of indicators were developed in four domains: system operation, financial performance, productive efficiency and environmental issues. The methodology was applied as a case study to three courses in south‐east Spain to test its usability and capability.

The results showed that the use of standard indicators and benchmarking does help highlight areas of potential improvement, though the particular circumstances and location of each course must be taken into account when interpreting the results. A larger data set using the standardized indicators is now needed to make the methodology useful more widely. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of the combination treatment of raloxifene and alendronate on the biomechanical properties of vertebral bone
Authors: Diab Tamim , Wang Jason , Reinwald Susan , Guldberg Robert E , Burr David B
Published: August 2010

Raloxifene (RAL) and alendronate (ALN) improve the biomechanical properties of bone by different mechanisms. The goal here was to investigate the effects of combination treatment of RAL and ALN on the biomechanical properties of vertebral bone. Six-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 80) were randomized into five experimental groups (sham, OVX, OVX + RAL, OVX + ALN, and OVX + RAL + ALN; n = 16/group). Following euthanization, structural and derived material biomechanical properties of vertebral bodies were assessed. Density and dynamic histomorphometric measurements were made on cancellous bone. The results demonstrate that the structural biomechanical properties of vertebral bone are improved with the combination treatment. Stiffness and ultimate load of the OVX + RAL and OVX + ALN groups were significantly lower than those of sham animals, but the combination treatment with RAL + ALN was not significantly different from sham. Furthermore, the OVX + RAL + ALN group was the only agent-treated group in which the ultimate load was significantly higher than that in OVX animals (p < .05). Cancellous bone fractional volume (BV/TVcanc) and bone mineral density (aBMD) also were improved with the combination treatment. BV/TVcanc of the OVX + RAL + ALN group was 6.7% and 8.7% greater than that of the OVX + RAL (p < .05) and OVX + ALN (p < .05) groups, respectively. Areal BMD of the OVX + RAL or OVX + ALN groups was not significantly different from that in OVX animals, but the value in animals undergoing combination treatment was significantly higher than that in OVX or OVX + RAL animals alone and not significantly different from that in sham-operated animals. Turnover rates of both the RAL + ALN and ALN alone groups were lower than in the RAL-treated alone group (p < .05). We conclude that the combination treatment of raloxifene and alendronate has beneficial effects on bone volume, resulting in improvement in the structural properties of vertebral bone. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Prolonged survival and phenotypic correction of Akp2−/− hypophosphatasia mice by lentiviral gene therapy
Authors: Yamamoto Seiko , Orimo Hideo , Matsumoto Tae , Iijima Osamu , Narisawa Sonoko , Maeda Takahide , Millán José Luis , Shimada Takashi
Published: August 2010

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inherited systemic skeletal disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNALP) isozyme. The clinical severity of HPP varies widely, with symptoms including rickets and osteomalacia. TNALP knockout (Akp2−/−) mice phenotypically mimic the severe infantile form of HPP; that is, TNALP-deficient mice are born with a normal appearance but die by 20 days of age owing to growth failure, hypomineralization, and epileptic seizures. In this study, a lentiviral vector expressing a bone-targeted form of TNALP was injected into the jugular vein of newborn Akp2−/− mice. We found that alkaline phosphatase activity in the plasma of treated Akp2−/− mice increased and remained at high levels throughout the life of the animals. The treated Akp2−/− mice survived for more than 10 months and demonstrated normal physical activity and a healthy appearance. Epileptic seizures were completely inhibited in the treated Akp2−/− mice, and X-ray examination of the skeleton showed that mineralization was significantly improved by the gene therapy. These results show that severe infantile HPP in TNALP knockout mice can be treated with a single injection of lentiviral vector during the neonatal period. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.