bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network wars, polylog and script convention in socially destructive online groups
Authors: Bakshutova Ekaterina V.
Published: December 2019

Socio-cognitive modeling of network communications discourses is associated with the changeof the research vector from «descriptive» to «modeling» language phenomena and processes. The article focuses on some types of modeling of cognitive methods for the prevention of psychological threats to public welfare. The paper presents the method of scripting online - groups in the convention of humanization of group opinion, based on teaching methods, attitude to the situation of discussion, excluding destructiveness. Negative emotional reactions revealed by us in network communications (collective fears, aggression, resentment), as well as cognitive models of political extremism and intellectual terrorism allowed us to construct a coding matrix that includes a description of the phenomena of destruction and their linguistic psychological markers. Based on the hypothesis that constructive conventionalization of the discussion can be achieved with 30 % of the conventional writing positions, we conducted an experiment in the Russian-speaking sector of the social networking site Facebook. In the article, the example of three discussions started on May 18, 2019 (dedicated to the opposition of citizens in Yekaterinburg due to the construction of the temple and the death of the journalist S. Dorenko) shows that constructive implantation of the script can be carried out by the author / moderator of the discussion and by the participant / reader both unconsciously and consciously.
Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University
Authors: Myalkina Elena V.
Published: December 2019

The work is devoted to the analysis of the development of the system of continuous professional education in Russia and abroad in various historical periods. The article analyzes the stages of development of the system of continuous education, the mainfactors affecting its development, comparable reasons. The study of the process of development of the system of continuous education allows to highlight the problems ofits formation at various stages. Modern society emphasizes the special role of education as the leading value of preserving and enhancing culture and the growth of human potential. Continuing education in such conditions is of particular relevance because it goes beyond the formal education, covering various groups of the population, more than other forms of education, providing self-realization and self-expression ofthe individual. Considering the main stages of the development of the system of continuous education, we can trace its subordination to the various priorities of the development of the state system: the development of the country’s industrial potential, political education and ideological propaganda, raising the cultural level of citizens. In this case can trace the vector of society’s influence on the system of lifelong education, which forms an actual order for educational topics: health protection, familiarity with new technologies, individual creative self-development.The study of the process of development of the system of continuous education allowed us to conclude about its significant role in the modern educational space, to identify its functions - professional, personal, social, to formulate the leading ideas for the development of continuing education in modern conditions.
Conceptual apparatus formation of the problem of building of communicative reflection of future specialists
Authors: Sannikova Svetlana V.
Published: December 2019

The article is dedicated to the formation of the problem of building of communicative reflection of future specialists through the prism of historical aspect. The problem of reflection is one of the oldest and at the same time urgent problems that attracts attention of specialists from various fields of knowledge. This allowed us to study the experience of solving this problem, select the existing socio-historical background, to justify the timeliness and relevance of the research directions chosen by us. The category “reflection” considers to appear in Ancient times. The author relies on the works of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Plotinus. A brief description of reflection in the Middle Ages is based on the teachings of Augustine and Thomas Aquinas. The next historical period in the development of category “reflection” in our work is the philosophy of the New Age, based on the works of Lock, Leibnitz, Hegel. In the twentieth century they started studying reflection from the point of view of activity, the psychology of thinking, the laws of organization of communicative processes, as a means of arranging educational activities, the result of comprehension of one’s life. The paper deals with reflection in the aspect of communicative activity, an objective analysis of various approaches to the question of the essence of communicative reflection is carried out. The communicative aspect of reflection is represented by the works of S.L. Rubinstein, V.S. Bibler, M.M. Bakhtin, I.S. Kon et al. The author highlights the problem of the development of communicative reflection from the point of view of the second part of the twentieth century research. The definition of “specialist” is defined in the article by the discourse of the competence-based approach. The author focuses on the increased demand for a specialist, his ability to use communicative strategies and personal reflection in professional activities.
Development of transprofessional competitions as a new task for methods of foreign language teaching
Authors: Gridneva Natalia A. , Oparina Ksenia S.
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the problem of transprofessional competences development by teaching foreign language in the professional education system. Its urgency is determined by considerably growing demand for specialists, which have not only well highly-specified competences, but also capacity for multidimensional activities and for successful work in an interdisciplinary team. Furthermore, the level of the study of the problem under consideration is theoretically and practically insufficient. Transprofessional competences are regarded as competences providing the ability of an employee to work beyond his or her obtained profession, to apply technologies of other professional spheres, to master new competences and find non-standard solutions. The discipline “Foreign language”, as shown in the article, has a high potential for development of transprofessional competences. But according to the results of our pretesting this potential remains predominantly unrealized: the foreign language teaching process is mostly organized based on former, partially outdated ideas about probable professional needs of a modern engineer. In the article we set a goal to elaborate methodological procedures for improvement of effectiveness of teacher’s work for that matter. We report on the most vital theoretical and practical aspects of our further vocational training course program, which we prepared for foreign language teachers to help them to choose more appropriate learning content and technologies and to perfect their skills needed for the most effective application of them.
Development and psychometric verification of body existence diagnostics (BED)
Authors: Lutsik Maksim YU. , Drongo Anna V.
Published: December 2019

Existential givenness is the main categories with which work takes place in existential analysis for the actualization of client being. Despite this, they have little operationalization and are poorly accessible to quantitative measurement methods. They are often investigated only through phenomenological means, which limits the possibilities of working with them. Especially it concerns the measurement of physicality, which has recently been discarded in favor of ontocentric spheres. Because of this, it is not always possible to understand the phenomenology of the inner world fairly accurately and in an accessible way, because the main existential, expressed in the possibility of being physically in this world, is not taken into account. It is also impossible to standardize the method of work and explore its effectiveness of psychotherapy without special tools. On the basis of this, the diagnosis of existential corporeality was developed. It investigated as a multidimensional phenomenon of the client's experience of its physical manifestation in the world. Specific methodological foundations were identified for creating diagnostics. The structure of the methodology and stimulus material was developed, which for the most part confirmed in factor analysis, only the Umwelt sphere - the objective world does not fully correspond to the expected characteristics. Convergent validity was established, which confirmed the subject of this tool, and also revealed the structure of bodily existential, which affects all other ontological characteristics. It confirms the hypothesis of necessary physicality basis for being. All major psychometric parameters were established, DET has high rates of convergent, prognostic and structural validity and reliability. This diagnosis can be used in practical work of a psychologist in the role of screening diagnosis, or the same as the reference stimulus material to be discussed at the session and allowing client to directly face the existential sphere of being.
Fotojenik Makyajdan Plastik Makyaja 2000’li Yıllar Öncesi Türk Sinemasında Makyaja Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: ZENGİN Ferhat
Published: December 2019

Sinemanın görsel etkisini artıran öğelerden biri makyajdır. Makyaj sahne atmosferinin
ve sinemasal gerçeklik hissinin oluşmasında önemli bir anlatım aracıdır ve özellikle
karakter ve tip yaratımında oyuncuların sergiledikleri kişilikleri yansıtmak için ihtiyaç
duyulur. Dolayısıyla hareketli görüntülerin doğuşundan itibaren film endüstrilerinde
makyaj bir meslek olarak kabul edilmiş, makyaj sanatçılarının uygulamaları önemsenmiş
ve ödüllendirilmiştir. Sektörleşme adına büyük sıkıntılar yaşayan Türk sinemasında ise
yıllarca görmezden gelinen makyaj, bir meslek olarak uzun yıllar var olmaya çalışmıştır.
Bu çalışmada makyaj sanatının Türk sinemasındaki tarihsel gelişim ve dönüşümü
ele alınmış, 2000 öncesi Türk sinemasında makyaj sanatının yerli film sektöründeki
konumu araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada derinlemesine görüşme gerçekleştirilmiş, literatür ve
arşiv taraması yapılmış, çeşitli makyaj uygulamaları amaca yönelik örnek yerli filmler
üzerinden gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Böylelikle elde edilen bilgiler ışığında 2000’li
yıllar öncesi Türk sinemasında makyajın durumu ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmaya göre,
Türk sinemasında tiyatro geleneğinin bir devamı olarak ilk öykülü filmlere geçtikten
sonra yönetmenlerin, oyuncuların ya da setteki kişiler tarafından amatör ve bilinçsizce
yapılan daha çok “güzel görünüş” amaçlı makyaj uygulamaları, daha sonra makyaja ilgi
duyan sınırlı sayıdaki kişiler tarafından kişisel gayretler ve deneyimlerle sürdürülmüştür.
Türk sinemasında karakter ve tip yaratımında plastik makyaj uygulamaları da yapabilen
alanında uzman, profesyonel sanatçıların yetişmesi ise televizyonun gelişiyle olmuştur.
Thermodynamic properties of methyl 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate in organic solutions
Authors: Ridka O. , Matiychuk V. , Sobechko I. , Tyshchenko N. , Novyk M. , Sergeev V. , Goshko L.
Published: December 2019

The enthalpy and the entropy of dissolution of methyl 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate in 2-propanol, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, 2-propanone and benzene were determined from the temperature dependence of its solubility.The enthalpies and the entropies of mixing at 298 K were calculated taking into account the enthalpy of melting of the compound, determined via differential thermal analysis.The influence of the solvent on the solubility of the compound and on the corresponding enthalpy and entropy of mixing values was shown.
Studies of the Association of Dyes with Surfactants in Aqueous Solutions: Spectrophotometry and Computer Simulation
Authors: Shapovalov Serghey , Ponomariov Vadim , Mosharenkova Oryna , Butenko Sophia
Published: December 2019

The association of cationic dye (pinacyanol, PC) with anionic dyes (ethyleosin, EE, or rhodamine 200 C, R200C), and also the interaction “dye+surfactant” has been investigated in aqueous solutions by visible spectroscopy and computer simulation. Cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and triton X-100 (TX) were used as cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants respectively. The formation of “dye+surfactant” associates takes place at low dye concentrations (≥10‑6 M) and concentrations of surfactant, which are much smaller than the critical micelle concentrations (CMC). In contrast, similar concentrations (10‑6 – 10‑4 M) of small cations of tetramethylammonium or tetraethylammonium have no noticeable effect on the absorption spectra of the dye in the “dye+tetraalkylammonium salt” systems; it indicates the absence of formation of new compound between the dye and salt. The standard enthalpy of formation of “dye+dye” or “dye+surfactant” associates has been determined by AM1 and PM3 semiempirical methods. The computer simulation confirms that the formation of these associates is energetically beneficial.
Grandparents and grandchildren (review of foreign studies)
Authors: Bulygina M.V. , Komarova S.V.
Published: December 2019

The article reviews foreign studies of intergenerational relationships. It analyzes grandchild-grandparent relations, as well as the figure of the grandparent and his/her understanding of his/her role in the system of relations with family members belonging to different generations. Putting a figure belonging to the older generation of the family in the spotlight made it possible to look for and find new factors that determine the nature and quality of the relationship between grandparents and grandchildren. The article also examines the specificity of interrelations between grandchildren and grandparents living in extended families or separately from their children and grandchildren.
THE EVOLUTION OF THE GRANDMOTHERS OF PLAZA DE MAYO'S MNEMONIC FRAMING
Authors: Iturriaga Nicole
Published: December 2019

This article illustrates how human rights activists are negotiating post-authoritarian situations via framing strategies that counter the state's narrative of the past, puts state terror on full display, and aids activists in achieving their goals. In this article, I analyze the Grandmothers of Plaza de Mayo as a successful mnemonic-memory movement that advanced an alternative collective memory of Argentina's last military regime (1976–1983). I specifically focus on their use of memory work and the evolution of their framing approach. I demonstrate how their framing and frame bridging (rights of families, depoliticized science) was an emergent process that materialized across time and alongside emerging technologies, culminating in their overarching “right to identity” frame. Moreover, I analyze how the Grandmothers used these frames to navigate changing political landscapes and obstacles, and to attack social structures maintaining impunity for the regime's crimes. I ultimately argue that these actions, alongside their extensive memory work, have provided them a loud and powerful voice over the collective memory of Argentina's violent past.
Créditos
Authors: Gustavo Cerqueira Guimarães
Published: December 2019

Créditos do v. 4, n. 2, maio-ago., 2019.
Faculdade de Letras da UFMG
Diretora: Profª Graciela Inés Ravetti de Gómez
Vice-Diretora: Profª Sueli Maria Coelho
 
Editores
Elcio Loureiro Cornelsen
Gustavo Cerqueira Guimarães
 
Editores de seção
Dossiê – III Simpósio Internacional de Estudos sobre Futebol: políticas, diversidades e intolerâncias
Aira Bonfim (FGV)
Gustavo Cerqueira Guimarães (MRE/UEM)
 
Paralelas, Entrevista, Resenha e Poética  
Gustavo Cerqueira Guimarães
  
Pareceristas desta edição
Arlei Damo
Ary José Rocco Júnior
Celso Unzelte
Daniela Alfonsi
Denaldo Alchorne
Elcio Loureiro Cornelsen
Felipe Lopes
Gilmar Mascarenhas de Jesus
Gustavo Andrada Bandeira
Gustavo Cerqueira Guimarães
Heloisa Helena Baldy dos Reis
João Manuel Casquinha Malaia Santos
José Carlos Marques
José Geraldo Vinci de Moraes
José Guilherme Magnani
José Luis Portella
Juarez Tadeu de Paula Xavier
Leda Maria da Costa
Ludmila Mourão
Luiz Henrique de Toledo
Marcel Diego Tonini
Marco Antônio Bettine de Almeida
Martin Curi
Max Filipe Nigro Rocha
Max Gehringer
Osmar Moreira de Souza Júnior
Paulo Fontes
Plínio Labriola Negreiros
Sérgio Settani Giglio
Silvana Vilodre Goellner
Silvio Ricardo da Silva
Victor Andrade de Melo
Wagner Xavier de Camargo
Projeto gráfico
PeDRa LeTRa
 
Coordenação Editorial, Preparação de Originais, Diagramação e Editoração eletrônica
Gustavo Cerqueira Guimarães
 
Editoração eletrônica em Redes sociais
Erilma Desireé
 
Imagem da capa do portal
Pablo Lobato (Brasil)
Um a zero #2 (2012)
 
Imagem da capa deste número
Cassimano (Brasil)
Simpósio Internacional de Estudos sobre Futebol, 2018.
Da sociedade esportiva moderna no Brasil à constituição de um sportsman do sertão norte-mineiro
Authors: Othon Teixeira Alves Rogério , Pereira da Silva Luciano
Published: December 2019

Neste artigo, pretende-se, a partir do entendimento da composição histórica própria e diversificada do cenário esportivo brasileiro, compreender a forja de um sportsman que atuaria na cidade de Montes Claros, região sertaneja que não compreendeu os aspectos da modernidade no ritmo das capitais, mas que, também, não esteve alheia a eles. Como estratégia metodológica, foram utilizados como fontes obras de memorialistas montes-clarenses e periódicos cariocas e mineiros, principalmente do final do século XIX e início do século XX. Ari de Oliveira, após o seu retorno do Rio de Janeiro, lugar onde conviveu numa sociedade em ebulição esportiva, em função do seu envolvimento como atleta amador e dirigente das equipes que participara em Montes Claros, constituiu-se num sportsman local, refletindo o esporte da cidade grande para o interior, praticando e promovendo o futebol.
Três narrativas sobre futebol [“Sonho Azul nunca morre”, “Mané Garrincha e a bola” e “Marta e a bola”]
Authors: Klevanskis Candido Juliano
Published: December 2019

Os inéditos aqui apresentados são três narrativas poéticas, com destaque para o ritmo em diálogo com o campo do jogo, sobre o rebaixamento do Cruzeiro à Série B do Campeonato Brasileiro, em 2019, sobre o craque Mané Garrincha e a extraordinária Marta, intituladas, respectivamente, “Sonho Azul nunca morre”, “Mané Garrincha e a bola” e “Marta e a bola”.
Fidelização econômico-torcedora e laços de vinculação com o clube: uma análise dos programas sócio-torcedor cariocas
Authors: Medeiros Jimmy , Guedon Philippe
Published: December 2019

As formas de torcer podem ser manifestadas por meio de diversas atitudes, assim como através de distintos laços com o clube. Em meio ao atual projeto modernizador do futebol verifica-se a tendência a elitização dos estádios, elevação do valor do ingresso e conversão do torcedor em espectador ou consumidor. Uma das faces desse projeto é o mecanismo de fidelização torcedora: os programas de sócio-torcedor. Essa fidelização, de modo específico, é um fenômeno que responde a diversas motivações, racionais ou não. Assim, o objetivo do artigo é compreender os motivadores para a adesão, suas vantagens e desvantagens. Mais ainda, é pretendido avaliar diferenças no torcer e no relacionamento com outros indivíduos e grupos. O foco pesquisado são os programas atuais dos quatro grandes clubes de futebol do Rio de Janeiro. Metodologicamente, o trabalho conta com entrevistas qualitativas e análise dos discursos oficiais dos clubes e movimentos para a associação.
“Futebol, paixão e política”: construindo uma exposição temática em uma escola periférica de Ribeirão Preto/SP
Authors: Neli Marcos Acácio , De Vargas Giorgi Victor
Published: December 2019

O trabalho versará sobre o projeto “Futebol: paixão e política”, realizado em um centro educacional ribeirão-pretano, levando em conta sua idealização, desenvolvimento e conclusão. Os docentes das áreas de Humanidades construíram, juntamente com os educandos, o projeto em questão, que trabalha diversas questões históricas, sociológicas e filosóficas através do desporto. Desta forma, refutamos a ideia de que o futebol é um mero entretenimento, entendendo-o como uma prática que nos ajuda a compreender diversas dinâmicas socioeconômicas e políticas sendo, portanto, um fecundo campo a ser trabalhado no espaço escolar, promovendo discussões em torno, por exemplo, da luta de classes, do preconceito racial e de gênero, do consumismo. O projeto procurou mobilizar ações e sensibilidades através da realização de debates, exibição de filmes/documentários e, principalmente, da montagem de um Museu Político do Futebol no colégio, com a exposição de produções dos estudantes. Esse artigo representa um esforço em sintetizar os resultados alcançados pelo projeto e, também, em sistematizar as questões aqui desenvolvidas com o debate sociológico sobre a realidade do futebol contemporâneo.
Da formação ao profissional: a entrada no contexto de ação futebolístico
Authors: De Albuquerque Cavalcanti Everton , Mendes Capraro André
Published: December 2019

A subjetividade e a estrutura determinam a dinâmica dos sujeitos no espaço em que competem mutuamente. Esse é o caso de quem pretende se tornar atleta de futebol profissional e passa por um percurso competitivo em uma prática marcada pelo excesso de pés-de-obra. Trata-se de uma cultura que perpassa gerações e atribui a carreira esportiva representativa como objetivo de vida, necessitando de uma leitura das diferenças entre jogar futebol por prazer e encará-lo como profissão. Objetivamos então, retratar memórias de atletas e ex-atletas de futebol profissional com relação a inserção nessa carreira. Compreendemos que essa inserção se consolidou de duas maneiras: 1) em alguns casos, as memórias não foram representativas, visto que a subjetividade notabilizava a facilidade que encontraram para entrar nesse espaço. 2) outras histórias denotam a representatividade que os sujeitos atribuem as suas memórias, visto que as narrativas detalhistas expõem as dificuldades para ingressar no meio do futebol.
Origens do futebol de Muriaé/MG: da novidade foot-ball aos primeiros clubes criados
Authors: Ribeiro Campos Helcio
Published: December 2019

O texto versa sobre as origens do futebol de Muriaé/MG, abrangendo o envolvimento da sociedade local com a então novidade foot-ball. Aborda ainda como e quando o futebol se tornou conhecido localmente até a criação dos clubes pioneiros e seus primeiros jogos, desde 1906. Para tal, foram traçados os amplos contextos sociais que influenciaram a chegada do futebol a Muriaé, casos do país e da Zona da Mata, mesorregião de Minas Gerais onde a cidade está localizada. A consecução do estudo veio a partir da observação e pesquisa in loco e por diferentes fontes de coleta de dados, jornais, arquivos públicos, pesquisas sobre clubismo etc. Foi empreendida uma reconstrução histórica da chegada do futebol a Muriaé, focando na adesão social e em suas repercussões, valendo-se de jornais locais disponibilizados nos arquivos da Gazeta de Muriaé e no Arquivo Municipal de Muriaé, valiosas fontes de informações primárias.
A New Lichenicolous Fungus Record from The Çamlik National Park (Yozgat, Turkey), Tremella candelariellae (Basidiomycota, Tremellales)
Authors: KOCAKAYA Zekiye , KOCAKAYA Mustafa , BARAK Mehmet Ünsal
Published: December 2019

Tremella candelariellae Diederich & Etayo was reported on Candelariella
antennaria Räsänen first time in Turkey.
Morphological, anatomical and ecological characteristics of the species are
presented. In addition, the sequence analysis of the ITS region was performed
and the phylogenetic tree was formed by closely related species.
Effect of Some Pesticides and Wood Vinegar on Soil Nematodes in a Wheat Agro-Ecosystem
Authors: KOÇ İbrahim , YILDIZ Şenol , YARDIM Erdal Necip
Published: December 2019

In this study, the effects of some pesticides and wood
vinegar on free-living nematode trophic groups common in soil were investigated
in a wheat field. Field experiments were conducted in 2014-2015 and 2015-2016
growing seasons in a winter wheat field with a randomized block design with
four replicates in Muş Province, Turkey. The treatments were consisted of; 1)
pesticide application (i.e., chemicals used for all wheat diseases, weeds and
pests in the region), 2) 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% ml wood vinegar, which equates
to pesticide application, and 3) untreated control In the field, 19 genera and
one order of nematodes were found from five nematode trophic groups. In
2014-2015 and 2015-2016, the number of predator nematodes were 25 and 136, and
the number of the most common plant parasitic nematodes were 3012 and 3657,
respectively. From first to second growing season, the number of omnivore
nematodes decreased, whereas other nematode groups increased. According to a
simple correspondence analysis, it was determined that generally, there were significant connections between the treatments,
and the measured properties and nematode trophic groups.
The Effects of Using Different Levels of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) on Growth, Survival, Molting Frequency and Body Composıtion of Freshwater Crayfısh Juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823)
Authors: MAZLUM Yavuz , ŞİRİN Sinem
Published: December 2019

The present study was
conducted to determine different calcium carbonate (CaCO3) level
effects on growth, survival, molting frequency and body composition of
freshwater crayfish juvenile, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz,
1823). Initial mean weight and length juvenile crayfish were measured to be 0.53±0.01
g and 22.0±0.05 mm, respectively. Crayfish were stocked randomly in twelve
aquariums in area of 0.2 m2 at the rate of 50 crayfish/m2.
The different level of CaCO3 was added into a commercial trout diet
(Control), 3%, 6% and 12% for feeding the juvenile crayfish. After 90-day
study, supplementation of CaCO3 significantly (P< 0.05) did affect growth
rate, specific growth rate, feed intake, molting frequency, biomass, but
reduced survival of crayfish at level of 6% diet as compared to the other groups.  The proximate composition of tail meat of
crayfish was unaffected by the diet. These results indicated that the calcium
carbonate addition is required for crayfish. At the end of the experiment, 6% of calcium carbonate was suggested to be used in formulated diets for
crayfish juvenile.
Understanding Suicide: A Generalist Course on Suicide for BSW Students
Authors: Mirick Rebecca G.
Published: December 2019

Suicide is a major public health issue in the United States. The National Strategy for Suicide Prevention recommended increased education for individuals who work directly with at-risk populations, such as clients in child welfare programs, programs that serve older adults, and those working with adjudicated youths. Many BSW graduates enter direct practice positions in these agencies and would benefit from education on suicide during their BSW program. This teaching note describes a BSW course on understanding suicide. The course development, content, readings, assignments, and inclass exercises are described. The feedback of the students who enrolled in this course (N=17) is included. Implications for instructors, including considering students' own lived experiences with suicide, and for undergraduate social work programs are identified.
Stuck situations in morbidly adherent placenta: how to tackle?
Authors: Dua Manvi , Arya Sangeeta , Pandey Kiran , Verma Anil
Published: December 2019

Background: Morbidly adherent placenta is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality. Its increased prevalence seems to be proportional to the increasing number of caesarean sections. In this study the presentation and management of 32 cases was reviewed with morbidly adherent placenta and maternal and perinatal outcomes from 2014 to 2016, at the hospital.Methods: Study type was retrospective. We reviewed clinical information from patients’ case sheets regarding the risk factors, preparations prior to cesarean section, intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results were interpreted and conclusions were withdrawn.Results: Among the 32 cases, 28 were diagnosed prenatally while 4 were diagnosed intraoperatively. Out of 28 patients, 5 patients were diagnosed early between 14 and 18 weeks of gestational age and other 23 were diagnosed during third trimester by ultrasonography. Caesarean hysterectomy was required in 28 cases.4 were managed conservatively, out of which hysterectomy proved to be necessary in the postpartum period because of severe secondary postpartum hemorrhage in 2 cases. Average no of hospital stay is 10 days ranging from 8-18 days.Conclusions: Prenatal diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta is essential to plan for the better maternal and perinatal outcome. The decision to perform a cesarean hysterectomy or conservation of uterus (using balloon tamponade or putting haemostatic sutures) is based on the extent of infiltration, the patient’s hemodynamic status, and her desire for future pregnancy. The risk of infection and severe hemorrhage remains high if conservative management is chosen and requires prolonged close monitoring postoperatively. Ideally all the cases should be electively planned and operated by senior surgeon and experienced assistants with senior anesthetist, urosurgeon and physician, with full backup of ICU and blood bank.
Study of etiopathogenesis and clinical profile of patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Yeole Namrata , Nayak Arun H. , Mehendale Madhuri
Published: December 2019

Background: AUB is a common condition affecting 14-25% of women of reproductive age and may have a significant impact on their physical, social, emotional and material quality of life. AUB can occur at any age in various forms and has different modes of presentation. The key to successful clinical management is to recognize or identify the causative factors responsible.Methods: This study was conducted over 100 patients. Patients with complaints of menstrual irregularity between menarche to premenopausal age group were considered. Data about age, parity, menstrual history, obstetric history, medical history, physical examination, thyroid function test, radiological findings and histopathology were collected and studied.Results: Incidence of AUB is more common in 5th decade of life. Menorrhagia is the most common bleeding pattern. It is concluded that DUB is the most common cause of AUB. Among the other organic pathological causes, fibroid is the commonest. Maximum number of apparently normal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding belong to category of sub clinical hypothyroid.Conclusions: Accurate analysis of endometrial sample is the key to effective therapy and rational approach to treatment of women with abnormal uterine bleeding.
The impact of maternal obesity on maternal and fetal outcome
Authors: A. Esther Kamalarani , . Ramyajothi , S. Ramalakshmi
Published: December 2019

Background: Obesity continues to be a global health concern. Although the increasing obesity rates in developed countries has slowed down in the past 10 years, obesity rates in developing countries continue to increase, as much as three times in some developing countries over the past 30 years. The aim of the study was to determine the adverse effects of obesity in pregnancy and maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: In all patients, a detailed history was taken and examinations and investigations were carried out.  Based on BMI (body mass index), patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 = patients with BMI >30 kg/m2 and Group 2 = patients with BMI <30 kg /m2.Results: In our study, comparing pregnant mothers with BMI >30 kg/m2 and normal BMI, authors found that the prevalence of maternal and fetal complications was higher in the obese group. Prevalence of antenatal complications like gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, imminent eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus requiring control with insulin was higher in obese women.Conclusions: Obesity is associated with increased adverse effects on pregnancy and its outcome.
Vaginal deliveries in a tertiary centre: a current profile
Authors: Christe D. M. , Tamilselvi D. , Surya S. , Shobha S. , Ponnuraja C.
Published: December 2019

Background: A normal delivery is what every woman wishes to have. The objective of this study was to find out the maternal and neonatal outcome and background characteristics of women delivering vaginally in a tertiary care center in Chennai, South India.Methods: For this one-year study, with power above 80%, Parturition records were selected by computerized random numbers, for a calculated sample size. Salient demographic features such as age, residential background and religion were noted. Details of obstetric history, past and current, delivery and baby details and admission to NICU were analyzed. Acceptance of postpartum contraception was noted.Results: A total of 338 women delivered vaginally. Majority of 63%, were from urban background. Late referrals were 19.2% of women,38.5% women had antenatal complications. Primigravida were 49.7%. Nearly 91.4% of women delivered naturally. Previous pregnancy loss was noted in 14.8%. Term deliveries were in 72% of women, and 2.7% of women delivered twins. Average birth weight among primi was 2.5kg and in multi it was 2.8 kg. There were no maternal deaths. Perinatal deaths of 2.96%, of which 90% were preterm births, and all among babies with birth weight below 1.5 kg.Conclusions: The larger majority of 91.4% of women had natural vaginal delivery. Primigravida were 49.7%, and 63% were from urban background. Antenatal complications, obstetric, medical or other complications were noted in 38.5 % of women. Most often observed complications were Gestational hypertension, Gestational diabetes, and Hypothyroidism. NICU care was required for 18% of babies. Preterm births were16.6%. Perinatal deaths were seen in 2.96% of babies. There were no maternal deaths.
Diagnostic dilemmas of an eccentrically located gestation sac: role of 3D ultrasound
Authors: Lakshmy Selvaraj Ravi , Ziyaulla Thasleem , Umapathy Shobana
Published: December 2019

Background: Differential diagnosis of an eccentrically located sac includes interstitial pregnancy, true cornual pregnancy and angular pregnancy which may all look similar on 2D (two dimensional) ultrasound. Interstitial pregnancy is associated with a higher maternal mortality and needs to be differentiated from true cornual pregnancy and angular pregnancy. This paper is an illustration of the role of 3D (three dimensional) ultrasound in differential diagnosis and management of the three entities.Methods: 2D and 3D ultrasound findings were analyzed in 10 cases of eccentrically located sac. The role of 3D ultrasound in differentiating the three entities had been evaluated.Results: The presence of an eccentrically located gestation sac with incomplete or asymmetric myometrial tissue less than 5 mm in thickness on 2D and the coronal sections obtained from 3D scans were used for diagnosis of interstitial pregnancy in three cases. 2 cases of angular pregnancy were diagnosed based on the finding of sac located in one of the lateral angles of the uterus with broad based connection to the endometrium. 2 cases of cornual pregnancy one intrauterine in a bicornuate uterus and the other in a rudimentary horn has been described. One heterotopic pregnancy and two other cases where a cornual fibroid mimics interstitial pregnancy is also illustrated.Conclusions: The role of 3D ultrasound in differentiating the three entities and the key findings in obtaining the precise diagnosis are emphasized. Routine usage of 3D ultrasound in all cases of eccentrically located gestational sac is recommended.
Clinical study on presentation and management of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Ara Anjum , Chawla Indu , Agarwal Rasika , Manjhi Bangali
Published: December 2019

Background: Ectopic pregnancy means pregnancy outside the normal uterine cavity. It is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in first trimester. Early diagnosis and timely intervention can significantly improve the outcomes.Methods: Retrospective observational study done in the department of obstetrics and gynecology ABVIMS and Dr. RML hospital, New Delhi from January 2016 to March 2019. Case records of 76 patients of confirmed ectopic pregnancy were retrieved and studied from the medical record section. The main aims were to see the clinical presentation, mode of diagnosis, predisposing risk factors; treatments offered and associated morbidity and mortality.Results: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy in present study was 1.7%, highest in 21 to 30 years age multiparous patients. 85.1% presented as acute emergencies, 75% patients had classic triad of amenorrhea, pain and bleeding. Pain was the commonest symptom in 96.1%. The commonest clinical sign was adnexal mass and tenderness. Ultrasound findings had adnexal mass in 98.7% and free fluid in 84.7% cases with empty uterus in 100%. 90.7 % case were tubal ectopic and 69.73 % were ruptured. Surgery was the main treatment modality in 96.0% cases. Salpingectomy was the commonest surgery in 80.25%. There was 0% mortality and 78.9% cases required blood transfusions, 44.7% patients had no known risk factors whereas some of the common identifiable risk factors were history of previous abortion, previous pelvic surgeries and pelvic inflammatory disease.Conclusions: ABVIMS and Dr. RML hospital is a tertiary care center so majority of patients with ectopic pregnancies presented late, as such surgery was the main treatment modality but there was 0% mortality in our study. Conservative treatments such as laparoscopy and medical management can also be offered to hemodynamically stable patients.
Accuracy of transvaginal sonography in evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women
Authors: Sequeira Nicole , Fernandes Shannon
Published: December 2019

Background: AUB is a commonly encountered complaint in peri- and postmenopausal women visiting OBG OPDs and accounts for about 70% of all gynaecological complaints. Key to management depends on the cause of AUB. Protocol has changed over the years from performing investigations randomly to a condition specific approach. This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in perimenopausal women with AUB and note its relation with histopathology.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 103 women of 40-55 years presenting to the OBG OPD of Father Muller Medical College Hospital, Mangalore. All patients underwent a transvaginal scan to note the endometrial thickness followed by a hysteroscopy and biopsy. Endometrium was sent for histopathology. Findings of these modalities were correlated.Results: The diagnostic value of transvaginal sonography in relation to histopathology had a sensitivity and specificity of 33.33% and 95.95% for atrophic endometrium, 52.5% and 62.9% for proliferative, 29.41% and 79.41% for secretory, and 55.55% and 74.19% for hyperplastic. When compared to histopathology, hysteroscopy had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 92.3% for atrophic, 26.19% and 96.96% for proliferative, 27.07% and 98.59% for secretory, and 100% and 64.94% for hyperplastic endometrium. It had a sensitivity of 77.77% and a specificity of 92.92% for endometrial polyps. Agreement between TVS and histopathology based on kappa co-efficient was fair for atrophic endometrium but poor for proliferative, secretory and hyperplastic endometrium. Agreement between hysteroscopy and histopathology was moderate for atrophic endometrium and for endometrial polyps. It was fair for proliferative, secretory and hyperplastic endometrium.Conclusions: TVS seems to be a good initial method for evaluation of AUB. However, a subsequent hysteroscopy with biopsy is advisable to evaluate the cause of AUB.
Towards optimizing caesarean section: a five-year review of caesarean sections at a Southern Nigeria hospital
Authors: Osegi Nkencho , Makinde Olakunle I.
Published: December 2019

Background: Monitoring caesarean sections at hospital level is essential to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections while still ensuring adequate access to caesarean section. This study was conducted to determine the caesarean section rate and indications for caesarean section at the study centre and provide objective data for institutional interventions towards reducing unnecessary caesarean sections in the centre.Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of patients that had caesarean sections between 1st January 2013 and 31st December 2017 at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Nigeria. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.Results: There were 5,793 deliveries and 1,654 were by caesarean section. The average caesarean section rate was 28.6%. The leading indications for caesarean section were cephalopelvic disproportion (26.6%), previous cesarean section (18.2%), suspected fetal distress (11.2%), severe preeclampsia/eclampsia (7.9%), obstructed labour (6%), and breech presentation (5.9%).Conclusions: The 28.6% caesarean section rate in this study falls within a widely varied rate across Nigeria at hospital level but is comparable to rates within the south-south geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The leading indications for caesarean section are modifiable, thus there is room for institutional intervention to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections. Collaborative research between institutions is required to assess peculiar regional determinants of caesarean section towards developing suitable interventions to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections regionally.
Study of ectopic pregnancy in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Meena Nitesh , Bairwa Radheshyam , Sharma Savitri
Published: December 2019

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is an obstetric emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Incidence of ectopic pregnancies has been increasing in last two to three decades with reduction in mortality. The presenting symptoms include irregular vaginal bleeding. The present study was undertaken to study the clinical features of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: The present study on ectopic pregnancies was carried out in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, jhalawar medical college, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India from January 2019 to October 2019. All patients admitted with diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, either ruptured or unruptured where included in the study.Results: Total 52 patient of ectopic pregnancy were studies. Majority (63.46%) of patients belong to the age group 21-30 years. Ectopic pregnancy was most commonly noted in nulliparous woman (44.23%) Majority of the case (31%) had no risk factors among remaining (34.61%), previous MTP (17%), (17-30%) previous ectopic (9%) and PID (15-38%) were identified risk factors. Ampulla (75%) was the most common site for ectopic pregnancy. 57% of the cases were on the right side. The common presenting complaints were pain in abdomen (81%) bleeding/ spotting per vaginal (42%). There was no mortality.Conclusions: Surgical treatment was done more often because of patients reporting late to the hospital screening of high-risk case, early diagnosis and early intervention reduce the morbidity and mortality in ectopic pregnancies.
Effectiveness of kinesiotaping and Acu-TENS on maternal and neonatal outcomes in the first stage of labor among primigravidas
Authors: Rajappan Roshini , Balamurugan Shivaranjani , Selvaganapathy Karthikeyan
Published: December 2019

Background: The common reason for rise in elective Caesarean Section (CS) rate among primigravidas is maternal request due to labor pain fear. Many non-pharmacological pain relief strategies are available to help women cope with labor pain, providing a positive and satisfactory birth experience. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of KT and Acu-TENS on maternal and neonatal outcomes in primigravidas.Methods: 40 full-term primigravidas with an age range of 20-40 years were enrolled into the study by convenience sampling method and divided into 2 groups. Group A received KT and Group B received Acu-TENS. Both groups received breathing exercises. Pain assessment at various cervical dilatation levels were carried out for all participants before and after treatment using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Duration of active phase in first stage labor, mode of delivery and neonatal well-being were measured following delivery.Results: Group A experienced VAS score reduction significantly more than Group B, p=0.004; <0.05. There was no significant change in active phase duration of first stage labor between Group A and Group B, p=0.319; >0.05. CS rate was increased in Group A [35% (7/20)] than in Group B [25% (5/20)], but neonatal outcomes were not different.Conclusions: This study proves that KT produced significantly better pain relief than Acu-TENS in first stage labor among primigravidas. Acu-TENS showed reduction in active phase duration of first stage labor than KT. Both interventions can safely be used non-invasively for labor pain relief.
Prevalence and risk factor analysis for post-partum depression in women: a cross-sectional study at tertiary care centre
Authors: Rani Kanchan , Nandi Nupur , Parmar Seema Singh , Rathore Priyanka
Published: December 2019

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is non-psychotic depressive episode that occurs between postpartum to fourteen months of childhood. It has adverse effect on mother and child health. Aim of this study was to analyze prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression at tertiary care centre.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in obstetrics and gynaecology department where 175 women between 10 days to 1 year of delivery were assessed using Edinberg postpartum depression scale. A score of 10 or more were taken as sign of postpartum depression. Various socio-demographic and obstetrics variables were assessed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences).Results: Prevalence of PPD was found in 11.4% patients. Common risk factors associated were intrauterine death (IUD) or early neonatal death, postpartum complications and lack of family support.Conclusions: Postpartum is common among postnatal women and is associated with various factors which can be modified. So early detection of associated risk factors is needed for early intervention and prevents its impact on mother and child health.
Comparison of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and self-blood pressure monitoring for diagnosing white coat hypertension amongst pregnant women
Authors: Sood Sandeep , Anne Sirisha , Ashta Kuldeep Kumar , Kumar Ravi
Published: December 2019

Background: White coat hypertension (WCH) is a common and well recognized phenomenon. It is also very prevalent amongst pregnant women and is often diagnosed as chronic/ gestational hypertension leading to unnecessary medications during pregnancy. ABPM is the gold standard for diagnosis of WCH. SBPM is an easy effective and reliable method to measure blood pressure but its efficacy needs to be tested and compared with ABPM in cases of WCH. It is important to compare the two methods in assessing WCH so SBPM can be utilized in cases of WCH, if found useful and efficacious.Methods: All pregnant women who presented to the ANC were screened for hypertension. Those who were diagnosed to be hypertensive in antenatal clinic and these patients were then admitted for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for 24 hours and SBPM on 6 hourly bases for 5 days.Results: The ABPM and SBPB readings were noted, tabulated and compared. It was found that the prevalence of ‘WCH’ in this study using ABPM and SBPM were 47.368% (27/54) and 45.614% (26/54) respectively.Conclusions: The results in diagnosing WCH using ABPM and SBPM were comparable.