bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TEMÁTICA DA EFETIVAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS DA POPULAÇÃO LGBTQI+: CONEXÕES E DIFERENCIAÇÕES ENTRE OS MODELOS DE JURISDIÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS E DO BRASIL
Authors: Brum Amanda , Duro Dias Renato
Published: October 2023

Contextualização: O presente estudo está inserido na temática da efetivação dos direitos dos sujeitos que vivenciam suas sexualidades e seus gêneros de forma plural. Propõe-se a separação deste estudo em três tópicos. Inicialmente, será delineado o enquadramento das linhas de estudo e será evidenciada a conexão entre os saberes envolvidos nesta investigação, bem como a metodologia adotada. A seguir, desenvolve-se o estudo dos modelos de jurisdição constitucional dos Estados Unidos e do Brasil no tocante à efetivação dos direitos da população LGBTQI+ e, finalmente, analisam-se as conexões e as diferenciações entre tais modelos.
Objetivo: Tem-se como objetivo investigar aproximações e diferenças entre os modelos de jurisdição constitucional do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos.
Metodologia: Vale-se da metodologia constitucional-comparatista, assim como da bibliográfica de cunho narrativo.
Resultados: Ao se efetivar uma reflexão crítica dos modelos de jurisdição constitucional dos Estados Unidos e do Brasil, entende-se que se descortina aportes que possibilitam o reconhecimento dos direitos à população LGBTQI+, alicerçados em concepções plurais e emancipatórias de direitos fundamentais e de uma vida digna.
AÇÃO, PODER E LIBERDADE COMO ARTÍFICES DO MUNDO POLÍTICO: UMA LEITURA A PARTIR DO PENSAMENTO DE HANNAH ARENDT
Authors: Sampar Rene , Silva José Everton da , Madalena Luis Henrique Braga
Published: October 2023

Contextualização: O presente artigo apresenta a obra de Hannah Arendt e busca a compreensão dos três conceitos elementares para categorizar a política em seu pensamento: a ação, que se funda na pluralidade e na possibilidade de interação por meio do discurso, o poder, que surge quando as pessoas agem para um fim não-violento, e a liberdade, o verdadeiro sentido da política.
Objetivo: compreender a estrutura fundamental da política na filosofia de Hannah Arendt.
Metodologia: adota-se o método indutivo aliado à revisão bibliográfica.
Resultados: conclui-se, pela imperiosa necessidade de se resgatar esses temas, em níveis social, político e jurídico, despido de qualquer pretensão ignávia de estruturar matrizes cognitivas a serem aplicadas em todos os contextos.
«DÍKE» O «BÍA»? DALLA “HARD LAW” ALLA “SOFT LAW”: UNA BREVE RIFLESSIONE SULL’IMPATTO DI NEO-LIBERISMO E NEO-LIBERALISMO SULLE FONTI DEL DIRITTO
Authors: Pettinari Nicola
Published: October 2023

Contesto: Nell’ottica di osservare la progressiva – e attualmente incalzante – dissoluzione delle entità statuali come epicentro e baricentro di sistemi produttivi autoctoni e di sedi politico-decisionali sovrane, il neo-liberismo (quale ideologia e agenda economico-finanziaria) e il neo-liberalismo (quale corrispondente ideologia e agenda politica) assumono la connotazione di fenomeni complessi. Obiettivo: Il punto focale del presente saggio gravita intorno a come neoliberismo e neoliberalismo si riversino sul sistema delle fonti giuridiche interne italiane (fenomeno che costituisce un dente sostanziale della ruota dentata della lesione di sovranità), andando essenzialmente ad erodere lo spazio tradizionalmente  – e  costituzionalmente! – riservato alla c.d. “hard law” (concepita per offrire garanzie di legittimazione democratica delle norme giuridiche, oltre che di legalità costituzionale) in favore della c.d. "soft law".. Metodologia: Come metodo di ricerca, viene utilizzato il metodo deduttivo con la tecnica di ricerca bibliografica e dalla consultazione delle informazioni primarie. Risultato: Nel corso dell’analisi intrapresa, una particolare attenzione verrà prestata all’emblematico caso di studio dell’Ufficio parlamentare di bilancio (UPB), un organismo indipendente imposto dalla nuova governance economica europea la cui esistenza, organizzazione e attività appaiono strettamente connesse al prevalere di fonti giuridiche di "soft law"..
PERSPECTIVAS FILOSÓFICAS EN LA BÚSQUEDA DE LA PAZ, LA JUSTICIA Y LAS INSTITUCIONES SÓLIDAS EN LA AGENDA 2030
Authors: Gonçalves Rubén Miranda
Published: October 2023

Contextualización: En el presente estudio se abordan las conexiones entre la ética, el derecho y la sostenibilidad, centrándose en el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible número 16 de la Agenda 2030, haciendo una exégesis de sus desafíos y perspectivas para la construcción de sociedades pacíficas y justas. El ODS 16 se enfoca en la promoción de la paz, la justicia y la construcción de instituciones sólidas en la sociedad.

Objetivo: Desde una perspectiva filosófica, se analizará la proyección de la paz y de la justicia en las diferentes corrientes filosóficas y haciendo un énfasis en la filosofía de Rawls y Kant.

Metodología: La metodología de investigación empleada ha sido descriptiva, bibliográfica y documental.

Resultados: Desde una visión panorámica, el ODS 16 se presenta como uno de los ODS más ambiciosos y desafiantes de la Agenda 2030, pues conlleva una transformación profunda de las estructuras políticas, sociales y económicas que regulan las dinámicas entre Estados y comunidades. Para alcanzar este objetivo, es esencial contar con una visión compartida, una, una voluntad política, una cooperación efectiva y una participación activa de todos los actores relevantes, no solo a nivel nacional, sino también internacional.
PESSOA E SOCIEDADE: AS AUTONOMIAS PRIVADA E PÚBLICA NA FILOSOFIA DE JÜRGEN HABERMAS
Authors: Oliveira Fábio Cesar dos Santos
Published: October 2023

Contextualização: A possibilidade de reivindicações divergentes a partir das noções de direitos individuais e demandas coletivas é objeto de estudo da Filosofia, do Direito e das Ciências Sociais. A contraposição entre indivíduo e sociedade no Estado de Direito é vista, pelo paradigma liberal, mediante a prevalência dos direitos individuais sobre a intervenção estatal e ações que privilegiem o bem-estar coletivo, ao passo que o paradigma comunitário-republicano destaca a inserção da pessoa no agrupamento coletivo como elemento indissociável para compreensão do sujeito de direito e rejeição de pretensões individualistas.  Jürgen Habermas oferece a possibilidade de reconstrução de tais argumentos a partir da ideia de cooriginalidade das autonomias privada e pública.
Objetivo: O artigo tem como objetivo verificar se a hipótese de cooriginalidade das autonomias privada e pública é capaz de oferecer resposta aos problemas decorrentes das teorias que afirmam a prevalência da autonomia privada ou da autonomia pública em um regime democrático com observância dos direitos humanos.
Metodologia: A metodologia valeu-se do método hipotético-dedutivo, tendo sido adotada a revisão bibliográfica como técnica de pesquisa.
Resultados: verificou-se que as autonomias privada e política têm criação concomitante enquanto pressupostos indispensáveis à prática democrática cujo resultado esteja lastreado no esperado assentimento de todos os possíveis atingidos, na qualidade de participantes de discursos racionais no processo de deliberação. A conclusão de que direitos individuais e políticos são afirmados em conjunto para que o sujeito possa livremente formar as convicções a serem externadas na deliberação democrática, que, por sua vez, legitima os seus direitos subjetivos, também implica a rejeição de posicionamentos que privilegiem uma perspectiva estritamente liberal ou republicana no estudo de direitos e da relação entre indivíduo e Estado.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA TEORIA CRÍTICA E DO COSMOPOLITISMO EM JÜRGEN HABERMAS PARA A AFIRMAÇÃO DE INSTÂNCIAS DECISIONAIS GLOBAIS ESPECIALIZADAS
Authors: BERGAMASCHI JOICE DUARTE GONÇALVES , Muniz Tania Lobo , Cenci Elve Miguel
Published: October 2023

Contextualização: A Teoria Crítica, fundada na década de 1930 por Max Horkheimer, surgiu com a finalidade de analisar a realidade social a partir de um ponto de vista crítiaco, que identifica os obstáculos que impedem a emancipação do indivíduo dentro do sistema capitalista, já que, nele, todo “agir” está inserido em uma dinâmica de massificação. O pensamento de Jürgen Habermas faz uma releitura da Teoria Crítica, a fim de adequá-la a análise social do mundo atual, inserindo a razão comunicativa no contexto da ação, para fins de orientar o indivíduo para o entendimento e a emancipação, num espaço democrático de participação, que os vê inseridos em uma comunidade cosmopolita.
Objetivo: Neste contexto, o estudo discute as questões enfrentadas pelos Estados em decorrência da intensificação do fenômeno da globalização, no objetivo de analisar as contribuições da Teoria Crítica e do Cosmopolitismo, em Jürgen Habermas, para a construção de um Direito dos cidadãos do mundo.
Metodologia: O método empregado é o hipotético dedutivo, aliado ao levantamento bibliográfico e documental.
Resultados: Os resultados apontam que o Direito dos cidadãos do mundo pode encontrar realização por meio da atuação de organizações globais especializadas, como a Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC).
NÃO ACREDITE EM TUDO QUE VÊ: DEEPFAKE PORNOGRAPHY E RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Chiarello de Souza Pinto Felipe , Franklin de Oliveira Gabriela
Published: October 2023

Contextualização: O fenômeno da desinformação vem sendo alvo de preocupação na esfera mundial, especialmente quando se trata de eleições e ameaças à democracia. Em 2018, nos Estados Unidos, a Deepfake começou a ganhar destaque por ser ainda mais manipuladora do que as Fake News, já que, enquanto a primeira utiliza imagens, vídeos e áudios modificados por inteligência artificial, a segunda é produzida por pessoas e de forma escrita. No entanto, o que pouco se fala é que as Deepfakes de cunho pornográfico são as que mais circulam na internet, tendo como vítimas as mulheres cujas imagens são utilizadas sem consentimento. Assim, inicia-se um debate acerca de como responsabilizar civilmente os causadores do dano de acordo com as normas do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro.

Objetivo: Identificar os problemas, impactos e preocupações relacionado a prática de Deepfakes.

Metodologia: Análise de casos e de isntrumentos legislatiovos internacionais aliados a análise da legislação nacional pertinente ao caso das Deepfakes.

Resultados: Como resultado da presente pesquisa, foi proposto a autorregulação das plataformas como solução rápida e eficaz no combate à propagação de Deepfakes.
Multiphysical Simulation of Impulse Current Arcs in Spark Gaps for Industrial Applications
Authors: Schneider Olga , Gonzalez Diego , Ehrhardt Arnd
Published: October 2023

Digital prototyping enables cost-effective production and modular optimization of surge protection devices (SPD). Numerical model of SPD prototypes involves complex multiphysics phenomena. However, the processes related to impulse current arcs in spark gaps are not well understood so far. Limited knowledge exists regarding hydrodynamic effects, plasma states, and radiation properties. This work studies an impulse current 8/20 µs with an amplitude of about 5 kA in experiment and simulation.
Two-dimensional Axisymmetric Modeling of the Magnetic Field for High-voltage Gas Circuit Breakers
Authors: Galletti Bernardo , Schwinne Michael , Buffoni Marcelo , Cristini Paulo
Published: October 2023

High fidelity numerical analyses of high-voltage gas circuit breakers have been conducted at Hitachi Energy Research with an in-house CFD-based arc simulation tool. The tool extends the capability of a commercial flow solver (ANSYS Fluent) to represent physical phenomena at play in a high voltage circuit breaker during a breaking operation, such as magnetostatics, polymeric and metal evaporation, and arc-network interaction. This work describes the implementation of the Biot-Savart law for computing the magnetic field generated by an electric arc under the magnetostatic approximation and in two--dimensional axisymmetric conditions. The implementation is compared to the reference one based on the magnetic vector potential formulation of the Amp`ere’s law in the Coulomb gauge. The limitations of the two formulations are discussed and their numerical accuracy compared.
»How to do things with performance.« Thesen zum Performance-Begriff
Authors: Weisheit Katharina
Published: October 2023

Katharina Weisheit nimmt in ihrem Beitrag das Wuppertaler Beuys-Performancefestival sowie die Aktionen von Joseph Beuys zum Anlass, über ein zeitgenössisches Verständnis des Performance-Begriffs nachzudenken und stellt vier Aspekte heraus, die hierfür besonders relevant erscheinen: die Auflösung der Dichotomie von Werk und Ereignis, die Produktion von Performancekunst in verschiedenen Existenzweisen, die Anerkennung medialer Transformationen als Teil des künstlerischen Prozesses sowie die Berücksichtigung nicht-menschlicher Akteure.
Wie man der toten Fledermaus Beuys' Aktionskunst erklärt oder: Von postpandemischen Hasen und präpandemischen Igeln auf dem Feld der Theaterwissenschaft
Authors: Eiermann André
Published: October 2023

André Eiermann widmet sich in diesem Beitrag den medial-distanzierenden Aspekten in Joseph Beuys' Aktionskunst und zeigt, dass performative Kunst und soziale Distanzierung keinen Widerspruch darstellen, sondern eine Vereinbarkeit, für die sich bereits lange vor der Corona-Pandemie deutliche Beispiele finden ließen. Beuys' Aktionskunst wird in diesem Zusammenhang als Impulsgeber für solche Entwicklungen der performativen Kunst in den Blick genommen und diskutiert, wie sie der Autor 2009 als postspektakuläres Theater beschrieben hat.
MEGAPHONICA — Die Stimme der Stadt on Tour. Ein Erfahrungsbericht
Authors: Schneider Annika
Published: October 2023

Annika Schneider widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, wie und in welcher Form Partizipation in einer Stadtgesellschaft während einer globalen Pandemie stattfinden kann. Dazu erzählt sie von der Entwicklung alternativer Konzepte und Praxen, um BürgerInnen zu Wort kommen zu lassen und einen Austausch zu ermöglichen. Sie begleitet das Projekt Stimme der Stadt on Tour während des gesamten Prozesses und berichtet von ihren Erfahrungen.
Atemlos in Wuppertal
Authors: Hildebrandt Paula
Published: October 2023

Paula Hildebrandt begibt sich auf die Suche nach der Fackel aus Beuys' berühmter Rede an Wilhelm Lehmbruck und ihrer Reaktivierung in der Gegenwart. Wer schützt heute die Flamme? Changierend zwischen Lyrik und Prosa, Fiktion, (Auto-)Biografie und Ethnografie, mal Gedicht, mal Dialog, mal szenische Situationsbeschreibung, verwebt sie Witze, Sentenzen, Werbebotschaften, Zeitungsmeldungen und Zitate, mit Beobachtungen und Gedanken zu Miniaturen aktueller gesellschaftlicher Krisen und Diskurse. Deutschland im Herbst 2022 sorgt sich v.a. um die Energieversorgung.
Von Beuys' Sozialer Plastik zu Urban Performances. Performance als gemeinschaftlicher Akt gesellschaftlicher Transformation
Authors: Paust Bettina
Published: October 2023

Ausgehend von Joseph Beuys' Idee der »Sozialen Plastik« fragt der Artikel nicht nur nach deren impulsgebenden Funktion, sondern gibt vor allem einen summarischen Überblick über die Entwicklung von Performances als kollektive Praxis zu gesellschaftlicher Transformation. Dabei verbindet der Beitrag Grundgedanken der »Sozialen Plastik« (Joseph Beuys) mit aktuellen Überlegungen zu einer »Zukunftskunst« (Uwe Schneidewind) und performativen Entwicklungen (»Urban Performances, Performing Citizenship«) zu einer nachhaltigen Stadt- und Weltentwicklung. Skizziert wird somit ebenfalls das Bezugsfeld von künstlerischem Handeln und politischer Praxis sowie kommunaler Verwaltung, in dem sich Performances als gemeinschaftliche (Aus)Handlungen zum gesellschaftlichen Gemeinwohl bewegen.
Pandemiekommunikation aus vergleichender Perspektive
Authors: Polzin-Haumann Claudia , Reissner Christina
Published: October 2023

Florian Weber und Julia Dittel beleuchten in ihrem Beitrag aufbauend auf theoretisch-konzeptuellen Annahmen der Grenzraumforschung die Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie in der sog. Großregion. Die rebordering-Prozesse im Frühjahr 2020 störten grenzüberschreitende Arbeits-, Wirtschafts- und Alltagspraktiken massiv. Das borderland als Verflechtungsraum, Kontakt- und Übergangszone mit seinen starken grenzüberschreitenden Interaktionen und Interdependenzen hatte sich zwischenzeitlich zu einer Konfliktzone entwickelt. Neuerliche debordering-Prozesse, sowohl formell als auch informell angestoßen, deuten jedoch darauf hin, dass die Krise auch als Chance verstanden werden kann, die Grenzregionen stärker ins Bewusstsein rücken ließ. Nach ersten Lehren gilt es perspektivisch zu ergründen, wie die grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit krisenfester gestaltet werden kann.
ANALYSIS OF THE CLASS OF HYDRODYNAMIC SYSTEMS
Authors:   Novgorod State University, Velikiy Novgorod, Russian Federation, Matveeva O.P. , Sukacheva T.G. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The solvability of the Cauchy–Dirichlet problem for the generalized homogeneous model of the dynamics of the high-order viscoelastic incompressible Kelvin–Voigt fluid is considered. In the study, the theory of semilinear equations of the Sobolev type was used. The indicated problem for the system of differential equations in partial derivatives is reduced to the Cauchy problem for the indicated type of the equation. The theorem on the existence of the unique solution of this problem, which is a quasi-stationary trajectory, is proved, and its phase space is described.
APPLICATION OF SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY FOR EVALUATION OF THE NON-EQUILIBRIUM STATE OF GRAIN BOUNDARIES IN NICKEL SUBJECTED TO HIGH PRESSURE TORSION
Authors:   M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Osinnikov E. V. , Blinov I.V. , Istomina A.Yu. , Popov V.V.
Published: October 2023

The goal of the study is to estimate the relative free energy of grain boundaries in nickel deformed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) using scanning tunneling microscopy. In the process of work, the following studies have been carried out. The technique has been developed for sample preparation of Ni samples subjected to severe plastic deformation (SPD) by the HPT method for subsequent studies by scanning tunneling microscopy, which provides an average value of the root-mean-square surface roughness of approximately 2 nm. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, images of the nickel surface structure have been obtained, which have been processed using the Gwyddion application program. As a result, the grain boundary profiles have been calculated, based on which the values of the dihedral angles at the bottom of the etching grooves have been calculated and the relative energies of the grain boundaries have been calculated. It has been established that after HPT deformation, the average relative energy of grain boundaries significantly exceeds the relative energy of grain boundaries of coarse-grained nickel with grain boundaries of recrystallization origin. Thus, because of HPT, non-equilibrium grain boundaries are formed in the samples. It has been shown that with an increase in the degree of HPT deformation, an increase in the average relative energy of grain boundaries occurs, which indicates an increase in the degree of their non-equilibrium. It has been demonstrated that SPD by the HPT method makes it possible to achieve a higher level of relative energy of grain boundaries than deformation by the equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) method.
Water Resources Management in Practices at National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Campus
Authors: Chang Chin-Lung , Shih Vincent Ru-Chu , Tsai Meng-Hao
Published: October 2023

NPUST was the top Taiwan university for the 9th consecutive year on the UI GreenMetric World University Ranking, and placed 27th out of 1,050 schools from 85 countries. This achievement is the result of our commitments to sustainable development. NPUST has been building green transportation for carbon and air pollution reduction, green energy system for effective use of electricity generated by renewable energy, and campus waste water recycling system for the goal of zero discharge. We also implement policies on waste reduction and waste sorting and recycling, as well as encourage planting in school campus. The practice of water resources management is crucial in various aspects that contribute to this sustainable campus. The sustainable management strategies include water consumption management, water conservation and water saving, and water recycling management. In this paper, we are going to share our practical experience in waste water treatment, recycling system set-up, waste water reuse, sustainable development for water resources and how we implement the policies on water saving at campus and spread water resources knowledge. The information is provi
Target genes utilized for drought tolerance enhancement in maize
Authors: Mukhammadjon Mirzakhmedov , Lola K Kamalova , Mirzakamol S Ayubov , Kunduz T Normurodova , Khurshida A Ubaydullaeva , Zabardast T Buriev , Ibrokhim Y Abdurakhmonov
Published: October 2023

Among the most widely grown cereal crops is maize, which is a staple food for millions of people worldwide. It is primarily used for human consumption in various forms, animal feed, and industrial applications. In many countries like Mexico, Africa, and South America, it is the main source of calories in their daily diet, making it crucial for food security. Many nations worldwide are more at risk of drought as global warming continues to accelerate. One of the major hurdles to food production in the twenty-first century and a serious threat to our present and future food security is a water crisis. Crop failure due to water scarcity can put millions of lives at risk. Along with traditional breeding, transgenic approaches are an essential tool in modern plant breeding. They allow the introduction of beneficial genes from other organisms or within the same organism to improve plant characteristics. This review focuses on specific genes that are stably expressed and tested for drought tolerance in maize. Several genes have been identified as potential targets for improving drought tolerance in maize. Although mechanisms of target genes overlap to some extent, we attempted to divide the selected research articles according to the mechanism of the targeted gene into categories and reviewed them.
The impact of overall obesity on serotonin level in the acute phase of coronavirus infection and post-coronavirus sequelae: aspects of neuropsychological and cognitive impairments
Authors: Zinych O. V. , Kushnarova N. M. , Shuprovych A. A. , Trofymenko O. M.
Published: October 2023

Aim: to study the relationship between neurotransmitter support and the degree of cognitive and psycho-emotional impairments in patients in the post-coronavirus period depending on the presence of overall obesity.
Materials and methods. 44 patients aged 19 to 76 years (17 women and 27 men) with a history of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were examined. 2 groups were allocated depending on body mass index (BMI): Group 1 – 20 non-obese patients (BMI <30 kg/m2; male / female 10/10); Group 2 – 24 obese people (BMI ≥30 kg/m2; male / female 17/7). The groups of subjects were comparable in age, length of hospital stay, severity of COVID-19, hematological and biochemical parameters, C-reactive protein, D-dimer. Parameters of quality of life (QL), psycho-emotional state, and cognitive function were studied by a questionnaire method 6 months after recovery.
Results. It has been found that the serotonin level was significantly lower in the acute period of infection in the group of obese patients compared to that in the non-obese group. However, after treatment, serum serotonin returned to reference values. No significant differences were detected between the two groups of patients regarding the values of neurocognitive and social parameters in the post-COVID period. Correlation analysis has shown that QL scores in Group 1 were positively correlated with cognitive function (r from 0.54 to 0.73) and negatively – with anxiety and depression (r from -0.60 to -0.80). In Group 2, the serotonin level was positively correlated with self-assessments of the QL (r from 0.42 to 0.53) and negatively – with cognitive abilities and anxiety (r from -0.51 to -0.60).
Conclusions. The presence of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) in patients with COVID-19 was accompanied by reduced serum serotonin levels during the acute phase of COVID-19. In the post-COVID period, the initial level of serotonin in obese patients was correlated with the deterioration of quality of life and worsening cognitive function assessments.
Association between Val158Met polymorphism in the COMT gene with anxiety and heart rate variability in children with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Semen M. O. , Lychkovska O. L. , Tyrkus M. Ya. , Kaminskyy D. V. , Yelisyeyeva O. P.
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to examine the peculiarities of trait anxiety and heart rate variability parameters as well as their relationship depending on the catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene Val158Met polymorphism in children with irritable bowel syndrome.
Materials and methods. A total of 26 children aged 6–12 years with a verified diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome according to the Rome IV criteria were examined. Beforehand, all the patients underwent molecular genetic testing for the COMT Val158met single nucleotide polymorphism by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Heart rate variability was analyzed via cardiointervalography (Neurosoft) based on short five-minute resting-state ECG recordings.
The CMAS (Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale) test was used to measure trait anxiety levels. The Pearson’s test was used to assess correlations between heart rate variability parameters and anxiety levels. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and analyzed with GraphPad (Prism 5.0).
Results. Depending on the functional COMT Val158met polymorphism, all the patients were allocated to 3 groups: 8 children with 472 GA (Val/Met) COMT genotype; 10 children with 472 AA (Met/Met) genotype; 8 children with 472 GG (Val/Val) genotype. Time and frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability were significantly different in each group.
The highest level of anxiety and the largest percentage of LF component (mainly sympathetic activity) in the structure of heart rate variability was noted among Met/Met carriers. Val/Val carriers had a significantly lower anxiety level and an autonomic imbalance with a higher percentage of HF component (parasympathetic activity). Positive correlations between trait anxiety and heart rate variability parameters were found only in Val/Val and Val/Met groups.
Conclusions. Our study has revealed the influence of the COMT Val158met polymorphism on the level of trait anxiety and heart rate variability parameters. It is important for a better understanding of the gut-brain axis dysregulation and impaired stress resilience in children with irritable bowel syndrome. Also, these data could be used to improve current schemes for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, supplementing them with activation therapy, psychotherapy, psychopharmacotherapy.
Types of the left ventricle geometry and changes in functional parameters of the heart in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Syvolap V. V. , Bohun A. O.
Published: October 2023

Aim. To study the features of the left ventricle remodeling and changes in its functional signs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Materials and methods. In total, 2423 patients aged from 18 to 94 years (mean age – 57.9 ± 16.4 years), 51 % men, with pathologies of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems and patients without diagnosed diseases of cardiovascular system were enrolled in the study. Echocardiography was performed on an Esaote MyLab Seven device (Italy) according to generally accepted rules. The indicators of systolic and diastolic, valvular functions, the distribution of patients according to four classic types of the left ventricular geometry were studied. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 13.0 software package for Windows. Statistically significant differences were calculated using the Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson’s χ2 test, Kruskal–Wallis test. A level of p < 0.05 was taken to indicate statistical significance.
Results. The prevalence of AF in the group of normal geometry was 6.5 %, concentric remodeling – 11.8 %, eccentric hypertrophy – 17.4 %, concentric hypertrophy – 21.7 %. Left ventricular hypertrophy was diagnosed in 56.2 % of patients with AF (32.0 % – eccentric hypertrophy, 27.8 % – concentric hypertrophy), while in the patient group without AF, left ventricular hypertrophy was detected in only 33.9 % of the examined (20.4 % – eccentric hypertrophy, 13.5 % – concentric hypertrophy). In groups of concentric and eccentric hypertrophy, the patients were older, there was a higher prevalence of mitral, aortic, tricuspid valve regurgitation, and lower indicators of systolic function (EF, TEI, S’), diastolic function (e’med) than those in groups with normal geometry and concentric remodeling. In 29.3 % of patients with AF, the geometry of the left ventricle remained normal.
Conclusions. The prevalence of AF increased according to the geometric patterns of the left ventricular remodeling with the highest rates in the groups of eccentric and concentric hypertrophy, which were also associated with worse indicators of systolic, diastolic, and valve functions.
Clinical and prognostic significance of C-reactive protein in the conditions of stable angina pectoris in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease stage II–III
Authors: Dotsenko S. Ya. , Kraidashenko О. О.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study: to evaluate the clinical and prognostic value of the altered C-reactive protein expression level in functional class II–III stable angina pectoris combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) stage II–III.
Materials and methods. In accordance with the goal of the study, 122 individuals were examined being assigned to 4 clinical groups: Group 1 – 30 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD, functional class II–III stable angina pectoris, mean age 56.93 ± 1.25 years; male / female ratio 86.67 % / 13.33 %); Group 2 – 30 patients with COPD stage II–III (mean age 57.99 ± 1.12 years; male / female ratio 80.0 % / 20.0%); Group 3 – 40 patients with IHD + COPD (mean age 56.48 ± 1.16 years; male / female ratio 76.92 / 23.08 %) and Group 4 – 22 apparently healthy individuals (mean age 54.37 ± 1.84 years old, male / female ratio 77.50 % / 22.50 %).
Results. Significant correlations have been found between the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and troponin I (r = +0.71 and r = +0.82, p < 0.01 for both pairs) in IHD and IHD + COPD groups. When the level of CRP expression was elevated, a clear increase in the level of cardiospecific proteins (troponin I) was seen, which could indicate a damage to the myocardium.
A positive association was found between the CRP level and the CAT scale score in COPD and IHD+COPD groups (r = +0.65 and r = +0.73, respectively, p < 0.05) indicating a significant association between the processes of systemic inflammation and the dynamics of a patient’s subjective condition, caused mainly by the severity of ventilatory and respiratory disorders and pulmonary obstruction.
The relative risk for cardiorespiratory fitness impairment (according to 6MWD) in patients with a high level of CRP (>6 mg/L) was almost 13 times higher (EER 80.0 % CER 6.25 %, RR = 12.8 at 95 % CI, which was 1.87–87.56, р < 0.001), while the odds ratio was 60 (OR = 60.0 with CI 4.69–767.85, р < 0.001), compared to patients with a CRP level <6 mg/L, indicating systemic inflammatory process progression in the development of a negative prognosis of IHD combined with COPD.
Conclusions. The study and examination of the CRP level is necessary as a prognostic predictor for assessing the risk for developing cardiovascular complications in ІHD combined with COPD.
The role of coronary artery calcium estimation in the primary prevention strategy for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Kolesnyk M. Yu.
Published: October 2023

Calcification is one of the stages of complicated and uncomplicated atherosclerotic plaque development. Determination of calcium deposits in the composition of plaques by the method of multispiral computer tomography allows to assess the coronary atherosclerotic lesion severity. The advantages of the test include a relatively wide availability, low cost and dose of ionizing radiation, as well as no need to inject a contrast agent. Calculation of the coronary artery calcium (CAC) according to the Agatston method is the “gold standard” for quantitative assessment of the coronary atherosclerosis severity.
The review highlights modern ideas about the role of the test in primary prevention in people without diagnosed cardiovascular disease. Methodological principles of determining coronary calcium are explained. The principles of test result interpretation and presentation based on the international СAC-RADS scale are described. Data from population studies on the prevalence of coronary calcification in people without cardiovascular disease in different age categories are provided. The results of the prognostic value of CAC based on the analysis of large population studies are presented. The prognostic value of a negative test (CAC = 0) for coronary calcium is discussed. Data are presented on the recommended frequency of repeated examinations in patients with CAC = 0 depending on an individual cardiovascular risk. The data of randomized clinical trials on the expediency of determining coronary calcium in certain age categories are given. The place of the test in international clinical recommendations for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases is analyzed. Research findings on a personalized approach to prescribing statins and aspirin based on coronary calcium test results are discussed. Data are provided on improved adherence in patients with coronary calcium screening compared with the standard approach. The limitations and shortcomings of the test are analyzed separately, among which the impossibility of controlling the effectiveness of hypolipidemic therapy with statins in dynamics can be identified. An integrated approach to the role of the coronary calcium test based on the analysis of current international clinical recommendations is provided.
The influence of acelysin and nimotop on the cellular response of the hippocampus during the dynamics of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Polkovnikov O. Yu. , Tertyshnyi S. I.
Published: October 2023

Aim. Immunohistochemical study of rat hippocampal neurons and astrocytes at different time-points of experimental brain hemorrhage treated with acelysin and nimotop.
Materials and methods. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was modeled according to R. V. Dudhani et al. using 35 Wistar rats which were divided into 7 groups. Animals of the 1st and 2nd groups, for 4 and 7 days respectively received acelysin at a dose of 15 mg/kg once a day; animals of the 3rd and 4th groups received nimodipine at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg every 8 hours for 4 and 7 days. In groups 5th and 6th (control), SAH was modeled without treatment with observation periods of 4 and 7 days, respectively. The 7th group consisted of intact animals. Hippocampal CA1 fields were studied immunohistochemically evaluating the expression of CASP3, NeuN, GFAP by the relative area of immunostaining in ImageJ.
Results. CASP3 expression in hippocampal neurons increases by 2.3 and 5.7 times on day 4 and by 1.8 and 3.9 times on day 7 of experimental SAH (groups 1–4) compared to intact group. GFAP expression increases in all observation groups compared to intact animals with the maximum values in the 5th group – by 8.14 times. The dynamics of NeuN expression in hippocampal neurons when using acelysin and nimotop corresponds to the inverse dynamics of CASP3 expression. The NeuN expression increases maximally on the 7th day of acelysin use and is equal to 91.76 % of the intact group values.
Conclusions. The experimental SAH is accompanied by a change in the expression of CASP3, NeuN in neurons and GFAP in astrocytes. The use of acelysin and nimotop leads to decrease in CASP3 expression in hippocampal neurons on the 4th day by 3.82 and 1.54 times compared to control group, and on the 7th day by 4.00 and 1.84 times, respectively, which reflects the positive effect of the therapy on the prevention of apoptotic death of hippocampal neurons. Compared with nimotop, the use of acelicine significantly increases the expression of NeuN on day 4 and 7 – by 1.84 and 1.95 times, respectively, which indicates a more pronounced neuroprotective effect of acelysin on hippocampal neurons in SAH. Increased GFAP expression reflects the dynamic reactive remodeling of astrocytes, while the use of acelysin and nimotop does not affect the reduction of GFAP levels on days 4 and 7 of SAH and their return to baseline values. The results of the present experimental study provide a theoretical justification of the feasibility of including metabolitotropic drugs in the basic therapy of SAH.
Morphologic characteristic of rat myocardium in comorbid pathology
Authors: Vasyliuk V. M. , Khabchuk V. S. , Pavliak A. Ya. , Zhurakivska O. Ya. , Hrechyn A. B.
Published: October 2023

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM).
Aim. Therefore, we aimed to study myocardial changes in adult rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM exposed to chronic immobilization stress (CIS).
Materials and methods. A total of 26 adult albino male rats weighing 180–200 g were examined. All the animals were divided into three groups: Group I included 10 rats with STZ-induced DM exposed to CIS; Group II comprised 10 rats with STZ-induced DM; Group III included 6 intact animals. The samples were collected on the 14th and 56th days of the experiment. Histological, histochemical, electron microscopy, and biochemical methods were used.
Results. On the 14th day of the experiment, in Group I and Group II, increased blood flow was observed in the capillaries, venules, and veins, while an arteriolar spasm in the microcirculation was found. In addition, cardiomyocyte surface area in different myocardial regions reduced due to low glycogen content as confirmed by histochemical and ultrastructural studies.
On the 56th day of the experiment, in Group I and Group II, hyperemia occurred due to red blood cell aggregation and microthrombi. The surface area of all microcirculatory vessels increased as compared to that of intact animals, as evidenced by an increase in their wall surface area leading to an increase in their wall-to-lumen ratio. Such morphometric changes in the microcirculatory vessels were indicative of decreased vascular permeability and impaired myocardial blood flow. At the histological level, in Group I and Group II, focal cardiomyocyte lysis, moderate to diffuse stromal edema, lymphohistiocytic infiltration were seen. Such changes pointed to sterile inflammation, probably due to myocardial infraction secondary to diabetic microangiopathy. In cardiomyocytes, karyolysis, vacuolar degeneration, apical ballooning, subsarcolemmic edema, fibrosis and lysis of myofibrils, colliquative necrosis were observed.
Conclusions. STZ-induced DM and stress resulted in pronounced destructive changes in the myocardium of rats, including interstitial edema, focal cardiosclerosis, myolysis. Such changes occurred on the background developing diabetic microangiopathy. The most pronounced myocardial changes were recorded in animals with a comorbidity.
War drama as a living reality
Authors: Briukhovetska Larysa
Published: October 2023

Since 2014, the Russian aggression in Ukraine has prompted filmmakers to master a new genre of war drama to tell the stories of those who serve in the Ukrainian army or the territorial defense, as well as those who contribute to the war effort as volunteers. The article discusses Ukrainian war drama films: Cyborgs. Heroes Don’t Die, Call Sign Banderas, Mother of Apostles, Ilovaysk 2014. Donbas Battalion, Sniper. The White Raven. These films integrate war drama with other genres such as detective stories, adventure films, and psychological drama. They also refer to some archetypal themes and conflicts in order to frame the current experience of the war. However, it will be argued that these films do not simply reuse the existing genre models, but complicate them. They refresh war drama by prioritizing the concrete experience of the ongoing war against Russian aggression over the genre conventions. Ukrainian war drama shows not a game of war but the truth of war. It tells the real stories of the bravery of ordinary people who fight against Russian aggression.
Ukraiński ruch filmowy we Lwowie w latach 30. XX wieku
Authors: Gierszewska Barbara Lena
Published: October 2023

Title of the article: The Ukrainian film movement in 1930s Lviv The Ukrainian film movement in the 1930s was not developed on a wider scale. Due to the cost of the equipment and the film, few people could make films. Those who did included the members of the Ukrainian Photographic Society, who had completed specialist film courses. Their achievements included short feature films and documentary films, some of which were of true artistic merit. From the circle of Ukrainian cinematographers, J. Dorosz, S. Kułykiwna, W. Humecki and J. Bochenski deserve mention special. Moreover, the last two film-makers wrote about the necessity of recording Ukrainian cultural heritage; they expressed the need for patriotic, socially useful films. At that time, Ukrainian film criticism also developed in Lviv, In particular, it found expression in two outstanding periodicals published in the Ukrainian language, “Cinema” (1930–1936) and “Light and Shadow” (1933–1939).
Oleksandr Dovzhenko and the Soviet Secret Police
Authors: Rosliak Roman
Published: October 2023

The article reviews the specifics of the surveillance process of the Ukrainian film director Oleksandr Dovzhenko organized by the Soviet secret police. The main focus is on agents’ reports about the director’s work on the films Earth, Ivan, Shchors, and the screenplay for Ukraine in Flames. The article reveals that Dovzhenko was under permanent secret police surveillance, starting from the end of the 1920s until the end of his life in 1956. This surveillance was well organized; it was large-scale and complex in its nature and covered not only his professional but his private life as well. The purpose of the surveillance was to collect and analyze compromising, i.e., anti-Soviet information against the film director and, if necessary, to open a criminal case against him, and make an arrest.
Ukrainian cinematography in the context of intercultural cooperation
Authors: Pohrebniak Halyna
Published: October 2023

The article describes the production and distribution of Ukrainian films and establishes scientific guidelines that will contribute to a comprehensive analysis of Ukrainian cinema in the intercultural space. An analytical method was used to develop this topic, which is necessary for studying the art history and cultural aspect of the problem. In addition, the author used the methods of systematization and generalization to argue for the originality of Ukrainian cinematography and its place in modern culture-creating processes. The scientific novelty of the study is that it describes the work of film directors whose films were created as international projects.
Cinematic Culture During the War in Ukraine: Surviving the Year of Brutalities
Authors: Shumylovych Bohdan
Published: October 2023

Russia’s war against Ukraine has brought a humanitarian catastrophe to Europe and disrupted previously established cultural practices and rituals. One such practice has been the making and watching of films, constituting a further blow to the Ukrainian film industry, which has already experienced modifications caused by the VoD (video-on-demand) business mode and the coronavirus crisis. This study intends to highlight how the culture of cinema changed in the cities of Ukraine in 2022 that suffered and are still suffering from shelling and fighting. Its findings are based on ethnographic observations, oral history, and secondary research of public data.
Problems Encountered by Turkish Teachers Entering the Profession: An Investigation Based on the Teacher Education Program
Authors: KANIK UYSAL Pınar , BAYRAK ÖZMUTLU Emel
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to examine the problems faced by Turkish teachers who have recently entered the profession, based on the teacher education program. For this purpose, the types of knowledge needed by Turkish teachers and the problem areas that these point to in the teacher education program were examined. In the study, a basic qualitative research design was adopted and criterion sampling was used to select the study group. Qualitative data obtained through interviews with nine teachers who graduated from six different universities were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The findings showed that the types of knowledge that the participants needed following their professional experiences and the evaluations they made of the teacher education programs on this basis pointed to five problem areas. These are the identity problem, content problem, learner problem, teaching problem and context problem. The types of knowledge needed by teachers are self-knowledge, content knowledge, general pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and context knowledge, respectively. Participants stated that the education they received during their undergraduate education did not match the content they used in their professional lives, and that while they should have carried out studies focused on improving their language skills in the classroom environment, they took literature and theoretical courses during their undergraduate education. Participants also stated that due to their shortcomings in teaching language skills, they gave priority to teaching grammar in their lessons and tried to fill the gap they experienced in teaching skills with grammar teaching. Furthermore, it was observed that the participants were also in need of knowledge and skills related to teacher training in subjects such as communication with other stakeholders at school, knowledge of regulations, and communication with administrators and parents.
Simulation of Porosity Regrowth during Heat Treatment after Hot Isostatic Pressing in Titanium Components
Authors: Behrens C. , Siewert M. , Lüke A. , Bödeker D. , Ploshikhin V.
Published: October 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) is driven by design freedom, having fewer process constraints than traditional manufacturing processes. It requires careful process control and qualified parameters to create dense metal parts. However, defects in the form of cavities can be detected in as-built specimens by computed tomography. Post-processing techniques such as hot isostatic pressing (HIP) are applied to eliminate porosity, but regrowth of argon gas pores is observed after additional heat treatment.

In this work, a mesoscopic heat treatment simulation of an argon-filled gas pore in titanium components is presented. A combination of HIP and high-temperature heat treatment for β-annealing is simulated. Calculated pore regrowth is qualitatively consistent with experimental observation from the literature. Simulation results support the hypothesis of argon not dissolving in the titanium matrix by assuming a constant amount of argon particles in the pore. Mesoscopic heat treatment simulations may be a part of a simulation-driven optimization of thermal post-processing to improve the quality and performance of AM components.