bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public and Fiscality: Facts and Unknowns
Authors: Florișteanu Elena , Florişteanu Dragoş
Published: July 2017

Taxes on physical and juridical persons constitute a permanent source of income for the authorities, income that is used to cover public expenses. As the need for public financial resources is growing permanently, a decrease in the tax levels can cause confusion or even public controversy. However, changes brought in the current fiscal legislation have brought a series of decreases (theoretically substantial) of the fiscal obligations owed by the tax payers. Thus, it is natural to try and identify the potential benefits or consequences of the fiscal relaxation that has occurred. Moreover, it can be established if there is a possibility to replace eventual losses of resources from the targeted taxpayers with tax charges that affect other financial actors.
Generalization of Purchasing of Particular Materials within The Conditions of The Army of The Czech Republic
Authors: Mares Jaromir , Vochozka Roman , Zajicek Vaclav , Zlatnik Daniel
Published: July 2017

The paper deals with the way of central purchasing of office paper of various formats and with an assessment of opportunities to generalize processes for creation of acceptable solutions. The aim is to suggest and verify opportunity for generalized processes that can be utilised within the military conditions. Basic scientific methods and statistical analysis with implication of interval classification by Sturges rule were used within the research. The findings of the research are beneficial especially for generalizing purchasing processes of other materials. This process can be used for purchasing of furniture or spare parts and accessories for military vehicles.
Aspects of Compatibility and Convergence of The Accounting Information Comprised in The Balance Sheet in The DKMT Euroregion (Danube-Criş-Mureş-Tisa)
Authors: Marin Andreea Mihaela , Lazăr Cristiana Daniela , Pereş Ion
Published: July 2017

In order to study the compatibility and convergence of accounting information between the Autonomous Region Vojvodina and the West Development Region of Romania and implicitly between Vojvodina and Hungarian counties of DKMT, it is necessary to study the compatibility and possible convergence between the Vojvodina Balance Sheet (Bilans Stanja) and the Romanian Abridged Balance Sheet. In order to reach the set goal we opted for the detailed presentation of the Bilans Stanja, with the highlighting of correspondences, indicators’ manner of calculation (when necessary) and the highlight of differences and complementarities.
Theoretical and Empirical Research on The Analysis and The Assessment of The Stability of National Financial Systems. Romania’s Experience
Authors: Stanciu Leontin , Stanciu Liliana-Mioara
Published: July 2017

The stability of the financial systems is an objective necessity for the sustainable development of each national economy. Within this framework, ensuring financial stability is a priority for the central banks and for the other macro-prudential supervisory and regulatory authorities. In order to ensure the stability and "the health" of the national financial system, the competent authorities should analyze, assess and adopt optimal and timely measures to eliminate potential imbalances. These and other aspects are the main objectives of our research.
The Free Movement of Services and The Right to Nondiscrimination
Authors: Ilieva Raya
Published: July 2017

The present article will explore the free movement of services, which is one of the four fundamental freedoms of the citizens of the European Union. The reader's attention will be drawn to the violation of the right to non-discrimination in view of the unfavourable treatment of Bulgarian citizens in comparison with citizens of the European Union regarding the prices of package holidays on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast offered by Bulgarian travel agencies.
On The Issue about The Moment of Incurrence of Right of Cassation Appeal on Civil Cases in Republic of Bulgaria
Authors: Ivanov Atanas
Published: July 2017

The right of the party concerned to a cassation appeal is result of specific inspection performed by the Supreme Court of Cassation where examined is the presence of conditions, foreseen in art. 280, par. 1 of Civil-Procedure Code. The right of cassation, however, shall incur from the presence of appellate judgment [1], and not from the specific inspection of Supreme Court of Cassation. The cassation appeal is submitted when the resolution is void, impermissible or inaccurate. This is why the right of cassation appeal is presented and guaranteed by the law opportunity of an individual to oblige Supreme Court of Cassation to rule on the first stage of cassation proceeding - the proceeding on allowing the cassation appeal estimating the statutory criteria in art. 280 of Civil-Procedure Code.
Integrated Work Environment for People with Disabilities within The Context of The Bulgarian and European Legislation
Authors: Lazarova Nikoleta
Published: July 2017

People with disabilities are one of the socially vulnerable groups in the labor market. The main reason for this negative trend is the lack of integrated work environment that creates conditions for equal exercise of their right to work. At national level, the main piece of legislation which governs the right of an integrated work environment is the Law on Integration of People with Disabilities. The integration of the work environment is crucial for ensuring the opportunity for employment and professional realization of people with disabilities. Namely the professional realization of the labor market is one of the main mechanisms for the overall integration of this social group in various spheres of public life, which is set as a priority objective in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Designing a Legal English Course for Master of Laws Students
Authors: Badea Simina
Published: July 2017

Over the last years, universities have diversified their educational offer, understanding and emphasizing the role of foreign languages in enhancing both personal and professional growth. Study programmes at undergraduate level have a mandatory foreign language component and there is a tendency to provide master’s programmes in foreign languages especially in the field of law, business, political sciences, international relations, etc. In this framework, the paper attempts to identify and present the steps to be taken in designing a legal English course for students who complete their Master of Laws (LLM) degree in Human Rights. The focus is on the development of such a course as an essential element of a syllabus. The paper discusses the subject content of the course, i.e. the areas within each topic meant to improve and expand the students’ specialist vocabulary which will further enable them to operate effectively in the field of human rights, the language content and the language skills which must be practised, while also analyzing subject-based materials and language materials.
Causal Reasoning in Mild Mental Disabled Children
Authors: Bran Maria , Bouleanu Elena Luminita
Published: July 2017

This study is focused to analyze mild mental retardation children’s ability to make causal attributions from sparse data. The research method selected was that of an unifactorial experiment starting from the assumption that children with mild mental retardation should ask for help or explore the environment following the causal attribution they will do according to the statistical data they receive. This study was conducted on a sample of 23 mild mental retardation children (ages between 9 and 12). The participants were randomly divided into two experimental groups and they were asked to complete a specific task (press a button to scroll a set of images). The results obtained using Fisher’s Exact Test led to assuming the null assumption and rejecting the experimental assumption (p=,170; p<0,05). Although the statistical analysis did not highlight significant associations between the dependent and independent variable, the frequency table indicated that children in group one asked for help more frequent, while children in group two rather explored for solutions, as assumed in this study. Taken into account these results, this study emphasizes the need for educational and psychological intervention to reduce the problems that the mild mental retardation children are confronting regarding cognitive development in general.
The Image of Ion I. C. Brătianu in The Foreign Press of 1916
Authors: Calcan Gheorghe
Published: July 2017

Our paper aims to highlight the way Ion I. C. Brătianu was presented outside national borders in a fundamental moment of our national history, namely the integration of Romania into the operations of World War I in 1916. At that landmark moment, Ion I. C. Brătianu was Prime Minister of the country and was perceived abroad as the most powerful personality in the Romanian decisionmaking space, on whom the very decision to enter the war was hanging on. Foreign observers considered that Brătianu would not integrate with the war other than besides the military camp and in the moment that would definitely ensure their final victory. In order to sketch his image at international level we mainly used the information provided by the French press of the time (especially newspaper “Le Figaro”).
Researching The Influence of Online Social Networks on The Students’ Communication – 1St Part
Authors: Fuciu Mircea , Lazea Ruxandra , Dumitrescu Luigi
Published: July 2017

The usage of online social networks (OSN) in the last decade has changed the manner in which the individuals and especially the young people / students communicate with each other. The aim of our research paper, which is a part of a larger study, is to identify the manner in which the online social networks influence the communication process of the students from Sibiu and Alba Counties of Romania. The present marketing research is a quantitative one, based on a questionnaire that provides a clear insight on what are the main OSN used by the students and it shows how or if the students use the OSN to express their feelings and emotions. The research also shows the influence in the communication process between students and teachers, it points out the main reasons for using such a communication tool and activities undertaken by the students on their preferred OSN.
The Communication Society and The Media Culture
Authors: Ilie Oana-Antonia
Published: July 2017

Any knowledge is recorded, set in the culture and in the end, communicated. The communicative behaviors are found at the basis of humanization, of the spiritual, psychological and social development of people. To exist as a human being means to communicate, moreover communication is the major factor present in the constitution and transmission of the cultural values and of culture itself. The emergence of the new media confronts us with the challenge of abandoning the old means and of replacing the old values with those of the media culture. The communication society responds to the dream of mankind to create and live in a better world: it guarantees freedom of expression, free information, instantaneity, and all the attributes and illusions of a best possible world. On the other hand, the crisis of confidence faced by the media in the recent years is an important moment and an alarming signal for the media institutions. However, enthusiasm for the online media has increased, especially among the young people who, despite the inconveniences, access the virtual space in greater number year by year. Ultimately, regardless of the criticism surrounding the media culture, the purpose of the creators has always been to communicate the new created values, because only through communication the new forms of culture can emerge and establish themselves as culture.
The Implementation and Studying of “Life Activity Safety” as a Basis of Modern Safety Culture
Authors: Madanski Vesselin
Published: July 2017

The implementation and studying of “Life Activity Safety” as an academic and scientific discipline will contribute to the formation in the individual and in the public of a world outlook on the values and goals for the safety of their life activity in the new post-industrial era through a complete review of human safety issues at different levels in this currently changed environment. The safety environment that will affect the state of our security will be characterized by numerous and asymmetric factors, high dynamics, indefiniteness, complex and difficult to predict processes, while the advancement of the higher education and of the research and scientific work form the basis for undertaking actions in the outlining and implementation of sector and common national policies for the development of the individual and the society. The overall concept of safety as an activity of people and their societies to study, prevent, diminish, eliminate, and deflect the dangers and threats that could destroy them and deprive them of fundamental values, inflict unacceptable damage and obstruct their progress are the rationale for the structure, subject-matter and content of the suggested discipline aiming at educating high school and university students in the underlying principles of life activity safety.
The Role of Culture in The Acquisition of Foreign Languages by Military Students
Authors: Negoescu Alina Gabriela , Boştină-Bratu Simona , Palea Lucia
Published: July 2017

This paper highlights the importance of integrating culture in the teaching of foreign languages to military students. The first section of the paper offers some basic definitions of culture and key terms associated with it. The next part of the paper brings into discussion the relationship between culture and language acquisition. There is an intimate connection between language and culture; not only language is comprised in the definition of culture, but it also reflects culture, thus we cannot separate language teaching from culture. The final part of the paper focuses on the military students as future leaders that need to develop cross-cultural communication skills and be aware of the cultural differences in order to avoid potential failures during communication with soldiers from foreign militaries in theatres of operation or on other international missions that they are assigned.
The Importance of Developing The Writing Skill in The Military
Authors: Obilişteanu Georgeta , Niculescu Brânduşa-Oana
Published: July 2017

The development of the four language skills has always been hard work for teachers as well as for students, the writing skill being a particularly challenging one. Writing in English for achieving various goals is certainly a major activity of all civilian and military higher education institutions throughout the world. In their daily activities, army leaders convey their intent, ideas, purpose and vision to superior echelons, peers and subordinates in oral or written form. Military officers perform many of their duties by means of intelligible, concise, coherent, and meaningful written messages. The need for writing correctly is an absolutely indispensable skill in itself. Therefore, teachers working in the military system of education should be concerned with developing, improving and practising the writing skill which is an important quality of leadership. Military work is very complex, the military system being based on officers’ ability to lead and manage military organizations. The paper focuses on the specific characteristics of military writing and provides some formats, with the respective writing tasks and assignments.
Investigation on The Profile of Social Worker Occupation in Bulgaria
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Dimitrova Preslava
Published: July 2017

This paper presents the research interest to the occupation of the social worker in international scope and analyzes the essence of the social work in Bulgaria. The profile of the social worker rendering social services in Bulgaria is discussed and conclusions are made considering the need of building professional competences. The study poses important questions and puts the basics of further research in identification and monitoring of the needs of training of social activities experts.
The Radiation Problem from a Vertical Short Dipole Antenna Above Flat and Lossy Ground: Comparison of Exact Analytical Solutions with Empirical Terrain Propagation Models and Investigation of Surface Waves
Authors: Bebrov Georgi , Bourgiotis Sotiris , Chrysostomou Ariadni , Frangos Panayiotis
Published: July 2017

The results of a recently introduced novel solution to the well-known ‘Sommerfeld radiation problem’ are compared to those obtained through the classical Sommerfeld formulation. The method is novel in that it is entirely performed in the frequency domain, yielding simple integral expressions for the received Electromagnetic (EM) field and also in that they can end up into closed-form analytic formulas applicable to high frequencies. In this paper we compare our analytical results with existing theoretical calculations found in the literature, based on the Sommerfeld formulation. The above comparison shows good agreement in the corresponding numerical results. Furthermore, a comparison of the method to the well-known Okumura-Hata empirical model is performed in an attempt to roughly estimate the extent to which the proposed model is suitable for real-environment EM field calculations. Finally, preliminary investigations by our research group on the behaviour of the surface waves will be presented.
Determining a Particular Solution for the Systems of Linear Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients
Authors: Căruțașu Vasile
Published: July 2017

As with the n-th order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, the problem to be solved is related to determining a particular solution, and then, using the general solution of the attached homogeneous system of linear differential equations with constant coefficients, to write the general solution of the initially given system. For homogeneous systems of linear differential equations with constant coefficients, the determination of the general solution is the method of eliminating or reducing which make the system a linear differential equation of the same order as that of the system, and its methods of solving it applies or the method of own values and vectors. If the system is non-homogeneous, then we also have to determine a particular solution that can be done in the same way as in the case of n-th order differential equations with constant coefficients, if the method of reduction or elimination was used, or the method of variation of constants, regardless of the method used to determine the general solution of the attached homogenous system of linear differential equations with constant coefficients. Whichever method is used, determining a particular solution for a system of linear differential equations with constant coefficients is difficult, in this study being proposed a method similar to that of n-th order linear differential equations with constant coefficients.
The Decomposition Issue of a Time Series in the Forecasting Process
Authors: Grzesica Dariusz
Published: July 2017

Decomposition of time series is the estimate and extraction of deterministic part of the series - trend, cyclical and seasonal fluctuations in the hope that the rest of the data, that is, theoretically, a random variable will be stationary random process. During the process of predicting the time series elements affects significantly on the determination of the future values, which are characterized by a low forecast error. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify the elements of the time series decomposition and to determine the extent to which they affect the forecasting process. Problems that often appear when you run the forecast and methods of building models and forecasts based on time series will be presented. Observations will be described on the basis of nonparametric time series modeling.
Electromagnetic Dosimetry of Radiofrequency Portable Transceivers Used in Front of the Face
Authors: Miclăuș Simona , Dumbravă Ionel , Voicu Viorica , Bechet Paul
Published: July 2017

Portable transceivers emitting in the UHF radiofrequency band are sources of human electromagnetic exposure, when located in front of the face. Three output power levels were tested while the exposed target was a phantom filled with dielectric liquid simulating average human head behavior at the used frequency of 446 MHz. A flat phantom and a head phantom were scanned by an automatic E-field probe robot, based on the standardized procedure, in order to report specific absorption rates of energy deposition in the head. A discussion on the obtained results is provided, together with a comparison with other similar results in the literature. Consequences upon the safe use of such devices by public or by occupational personnel in the proximity of the brain and eyes are underlined.
Theoretical and Practical Study on Divers’ Diet During Their Training Practice
Authors: Rus Simona , Kaiter Edith-Hilde
Published: July 2017

The hereby paper briefly presents the specific objectives announced, the ways in which they have been carried out, the measures taken by the Divers Center, the divers’ awareness towards their duties, further measures to be taken, and finally the way all these are applied to divers’ everyday life. The paper concludes with interpretations, comments, final considerations on the research and development theme approached by the CPSA laboratory, along with future developments within the area of research
Mobile Phone User Exposure Assessment to UMTS and LTE Signals at Mobile Data Turn on by Applying an Original Method
Authors: Sârbu Annamaria , Bechet Paul , Miclăuș Simona
Published: July 2017

In order to provide assessment of mobile phone user exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted in the close vicinity of a mobile device we have measured real life UMTS and LTE signals at mobile data turn on. The paper presents some preliminary results of mobile phone user exposure assessment at mobile data turn by making use of a non-standardized procedure that enables the calculus of the radiated signal energy and duty cycle. Our results sustain that higher user exposure is expected within the first minute after mobile data is switched on as higher duty cycles and more than a third of the total radiated energy is found in this time period, as compared to the total signal monitoring time. Authors expect increased exposure if other application services are launched within this time frame. Moreover, special attention should be paid to user exposure assessment in the case of active call services with mobile data turned on. Because SAR is currently the sole standardized metrics in dosimetry, the authors propose the use of the measured signal radiated energy as well as the calculated duty cycle as complementary indicators of user exposure to electromagnetic fields in order to provide a more comprehensive view on mobile phone radiation exposure.
Numerical Analyis of the Low-Altitude Air Turbulence Mathematical Models Used in Modelling of the Spatial Motion of the Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Szabolcsi Róbert
Published: July 2017

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles designed and manufactured often with unknown origin but available in sale of the model aircraft market rarely deals with weather circumstances and conditions defining clearances for safe air operations of the UAV. UAVs used in low-altitude flight missions are often threatened by atmospheric turbulences leading either to high angle-of-attack (AoA) or leading to the stall of the UAV. There are many mathematical models well-known and widely applied in piloted aircraft aviation when to simulate atmospheric turbulences affecting spatial motion of the aircraft. This paper targets to evaluate and simulate numerically the low-altitude air turbulences, and, to examine the vertical gust speed of the small UAV. The UAV behaviour examined numerically will support to find weather clearances ensuring UAV flight safety having the level equal or higher to that level of manned aircraft regulated well-before. A computer code in MATLAB environment is created to support numerical analysis of the small UAV behaviour in low altitude atmospheric turbulence.
Reducing the Phase-Noise In ΔΣ Fractional-N Synthezis – A Simulink Model
Authors: Teodoru Emil
Published: July 2017

The resolution in fractional-N synthesis results as a fractional part of the reference frequency. This category of synthesizers permits a greater fref and a smaller N, a larger loop bandwidth, faster lock times and reduced output phase-noise. In ΔΣ fractional-N PLL’s the main problem is the specific quantization noise. To reduce them many techniques are used. The paper presents a Simulink model of the influence of the requantisation in the phase-noise cancellation process.
Computer Simulation - Efficient Tool of Crisis Management
Authors: UrbaN Rudolf , Oulehlová Alena
Published: July 2017

The paper presents an analytical evaluation of the advantages of computer simulation of emergency situations within crisis management processes optimization. It affirms the efficiency of the preparation of crisis staffs, their coordination, communication and cooperation on the practical example of the SIMEX simulation tool.
Numerical Modeling and Experimental Research of the Perforation Phenomenon of Certain Materials Used for Individual Protection by Bullets
Authors: Ilie Florin , Moro Nicolae
Published: July 2017

The paper captures two aspects related to the phenomenon of impact between bullets and different types of materials used for the individual protection of the militaries, for the same type of ammunition and for the same configuration of the ballistic protection system, both in the case of the activity of experimental shooting range testing, as well as in the case of the modeling and simulation of the impact between the bullet and the protection materials.
Evacuation Algorithm of Armoured Vehicles
Authors: Minevski Ivan , Hristov Yordan , Lilov Ilian
Published: July 2017

This publication analyses the main stages of evacuation of stuck and mind-bound armoured vehicles. A methodology and an algorithm have been developed for towing vehicles in cases of insufficient traction power of the traction engine.
Chemical Resistance of Textile with a Butyl-Rubber Polymeric Mixture Against Decontamination Mixture on the Base of Chlorinated Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Otřísal Pavel , Florus Stanislav , Melichařík Zdeněk
Published: July 2017

Used equipment for providing hermetic isolative protection of the Czech Armed Forces Chemical Corps specialists’ body surface is currently solved with the employment of a mixture based on butyl-rubber. By producers declared protective properties of used barrier material does not mention a potential influence of decontamination mixtures and their components on the change of protective properties. A paper deals with selected chemical properties of butyl-rubber and points to the destructive influences of selected decontamination mixtures on protective textile used to production of isolative hermetic protective equipment. Study of barrier material chemical resistance against permeation of selected chemical compounds and mixtures creates the base presumption for evaluation of its usability.
Methods For Determination of the Parameters of a Machine Gun Suspension Mounted on an Armoured Vehicle
Authors: Spirdonov Svilen , Stefanov Svilen
Published: July 2017

The following report shows methods for determination of the coefficients of stiffness and damping, for softening the vibrations, which ensue in an armoured vehicle’s suspension from the shooting of a mounted machine-gun. The methods are based on a model of the movement smoothness, in which is additionally included the signal of the machine gun’s recoil.
Corrosion problems and solutions in oil, gas, refining and petrochemical industry
Authors: Groysman A.
Published: July 2017

The aim of this work is to describe and analyze corrosion problems and their solutions in oil, gas, and refining industry. Corrosion phenomena and factors influencing them are discussed. Corrosion control and monitoring methods are illustrated. Corrosion management plays vital role in the solving of corrosion problems. The results are summarized in new book of the author “Corrosion Problems and Solutions in Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry” published by Springer in 2016.
Comparison of Back Handspring Technique Performed by Advanced Artistic Gymnasts – A Case Study
Authors: Omorczyk Jarosław , Nosiadek Leszek , Staszkiewicz Robert , Bujas Przemysław , Puszczałowska-Lizis Ewa
Published: July 2017

Introduction. The aim of this case study was to compare selected kinematic parameters that characterise the back handspring technique performed by advanced artistic gymnasts. Material and methods. Three elite gymnasts with varied training experience were examined in the study. The athletes performed back handsprings video-recorded at a frequency of 120 Hz. The values of selected kinematic parameters were determined using SkillSpector v.1.3.2 computer software. Results. The most substantial differences between athletes were found in the values of the horizontal velocity of the centre of mass (CoM) at the end of the back handspring. The athlete with the longest training experience achieved values which were three times higher (1.04 m/s) than those obtained by the other two athletes with shorter experience (Gymnast 2: 0.36 m/s; Gymnast 3: 0.37 m/s). The horizontal CoM velocity at the end of the back handspring declined for all the gymnasts, with the smallest decrease observed for the athlete with the longest training experience (two-fold decrease from 1.95 to 1.04 m/s) and the biggest one found for the athlete with the shortest training experience (six-fold decrease from 2.18 to 0.37 m/s). The vertical CoM velocity increased in all the athletes in the consecutive phases of the back handspring; this increase was the biggest for the athlete with the longest training experience (five-fold increase from 0.71 to 3.42 m/s) and the lowest for the athlete with the shortest training experience (three-fold increase from 1.08 to 3.24 m/s). Conclusions. The results obtained in this study demonstrated both similarities and substantial differences in the technique of performing the back handspring in artistic gymnasts with many years of training experience. In most cases, the directions of linear CoM velocities and angular velocities were similar in the joints analysed. Very similar values of angular positions were also obtained. Furthermore, the values which turned out to be the most varied were those recorded for angular velocity.
Application of Electric Capacity Measurements to Detecting Delamination in Blades of Helicopter’s Lifting and Auxiliary Rotors
Authors: Gębura Andrzej
Published: July 2017

This paper represents a series of the authors’ publications concerning effects of atmospheric conditions on aircraft [5-6, 11]. Hazards connected with separation ( delamination ) of heating elements from blade’s spar , namely: increased susceptibility to ice formation as a result of change in aerodynamic profile, decreased deicing effectiveness, shortened life of heating elements , weakened strength of blade’s structure, are described. In order to monitor the above mentioned delamination process during its early phase, these authors proposed to measure systematically electric capacity between the heating element and blade’s spar by means of a technical method. The electric capacity measurements performed by these authors on blades both in laboratory and service conditions demonstrated their practical usefulness for assessing delamination extent as well as for identifying areas where heating element separation from spar occurred. The method in question is simple , cheap , fast and non-interferring (non-destructive) as well as it does not require dismounting the blades off the helicopter. As proved in practice , it is especially useful in sea-rescue or military operational conditions. Special attention was paid to application of the method to composite blades where coming-off the heating element tape causes local overheating the blade structure , that impairs flexibility of composite’s layers and may lead even to local cracks which may trigger helicopter crash. These authors desire to apply the method as a standard unit of on-board diagnostic system in the future.
Failure of Magnetic Fluid Seals Operating in Water: Preliminary Conclusions
Authors: Matuszewski Leszek
Published: July 2017

The article analyses properties of magnetic fluid seals installed in rotary sealing nodes which operate in the utility water environment. Seals of this type have been examined as a possible solution to the problem with ship manoeuvring propulsion sealing. The present analysis bases on laboratory durability tests of magnetic fluid seals exposed to longterm utility water loads, at different water pressures and shaft revolutions. The basic seal durability criterion was the number of revolutions made by the sealing node shaft until the appearance of water tightness loss (leakage). It was found that the main factor leading to the wear of the seal is the relative speed of the magnetic fluid with respect to that of the utility water, and this process is heavily affected by the pressure acting on the seal. The reported test results are presented in the form of diagrams showing the seal durability (time until water tightness loss) as a function of rotational speed. The curves shown in the diagrams are regular, with two different rotational speed ranges: the highspeed range, when the tightness loss is relatively fast, and the low-speed range, with a clear tendency to prolong the seal lifetime. These diagrams were given the name of durability curves of the MF seal operating in water. The results of the performed tests suggest formal similarity between the experimental data distribution concerning tightness loss processes occurring in magnetic fluid seals operating in water environment and metal fatigue processes. The article proposes a preliminary simplified durability model to describe the examined phenomenon.
Comparison of GATA-3, mammaglobin, GCDFP-15 expression in breast carcinoma in serous effusions: A cell-block micro-array study
Authors: El Hag Mohamed I. , Hag Amani M. , Ha Jennifer P. , Michael Claire W.
Published: July 2017

Background

GATA-3 is a potential marker for detection of metastatic breast carcinoma, reportedly more sensitive than mammaglobin (MAM) and GCDFP-15. We aim to compare the sensitivity of GATA-3, MAM and GCDFP-15 in determining the breast origin of malignant effusions.

Methods

Cell blocks from 27 cases of serous effusions positive for metastatic breast cancer were retrieved. Immunohistochemistry for GATA-3, MAM, gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP-15), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) was performed on cell-block micro-array. Statistical analysis using two ways Chi square, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression was performed.

Results

The detection rate of breast cancer in serous fluid was significantly higher with GATA-3 (88.8 %, X2=15.9, p=0.00034) than with MAM (51.8 %) and GCDFP-15 (37.0 %). All ER positive cases (19) were GATA-3 positive. Conversely, all GATA-3 negative cases (3) were ER negative. The intensity of stain and percentage of positive cells were significantly higher with GATA-3 (p<0.0001) than with MAM and GCDFP-15. The intensity and percentage of positive cells score of GATA-3 were statistically associated with ER stain intensity and percentage of positive cell scores.

Conclusions

GATA3 is a sensitive marker, superior to MAM and GCDFP-15 in determining the breast origin of metastatic adenocarcinoma. It is also strongly associated with ER expression.
Aspects Regarding the Energy Security in the Middle East
Authors: Cîrdei Ionuţ Alin
Published: July 2017

Ensuring energy security is a concern for all the world’s countries. For a long time, the issue of energy security has been looked at from the point of view of ensuring the energy resources necessary for the functioning of the economy and society and, implicitly, from the perspective of reducing dependence on imported energy resources. In reality, however, energy security must also be addressed from the perspective of states with energy resources, as their security can be jeopardized by disturbances that may occur during the operation or transport process or due to lower prices. Middle East countries, rich in energy resources, are currently vulnerable due to global oil price declines and instability and conflict in the region. This vulnerability may affect the supply of energyconsuming states and their energy security in the medium and long term, and not only.
Competence-Centred Education of Officers Thoughts About a Recent Research of Competencies in Military Aviation Maintenance
Authors: Szegedi Péter , Tóth József , Turcsányi Károly
Published: July 2017

Highly trained professionals are an addition to the 21st century military organizations that means an utmost challenge for our education systems. The amount, variety and quality of all sorts of profes-sionalisms required by today’s warfare technologies are the crucial requirements to match for today’s and tomorrow’s military recruiters and educators. This article is a try to disseminate some ideas and thoughts concerning the development and improvement of the present educational portfolio by a more proper understanding of the wants and needs of the military workplace through the example of the research and analysis of aircraft maintenance officers and their professional competencies.
Methodological Design of Action for Military Students, in View of Facilitating the Physical Training Objectives
Authors: Martinescu-Bădălan Fabiana
Published: July 2017

For us, didactic design is a process that provides the contents, objectives, methods and means of training of military students for their assessment. As in any training, we were forced to think about their needs in order to be able to work out the work schedules. In order to obtain high results in the activity of subjects we need objectives of general and specific physical training as well as psychomotric training.
Simulation Tools in the Armed Forces Interfaced by the Operational Design
Authors: Žentek Miroslav , Grega Matúš
Published: July 2017

The operational design and its practical application are directly influenced by the training, experiences of the individual command levels and as well they are determined by the economic development of the country. Its quality implementation in the practice is directly addicted upon operational art, which is the real output of the cognitive approach by commanders and staff, by air traffic control instructors and inspectors. And that's what it is sustained by their experience, cognition and as well as verdict - to propose strategies and operations to set up and utilize armed forces. The usage of the simulation tool and synthetic environment is the core part to reach the aim of the high level of the efficiency and at the same time to reach the required level in the flight region safety.
Using of Multicriteria Method for Choosing the Best Alternative of the Heating Power Plant
Authors: Zeleňáková Martina , Harbuľáková Vlasta Ondrejka , Olejník Adrián
Published: July 2017

The paper presents construction of heating system in Trebišov town in alternative solution and its environmental impact assessment (EIA). Choosing the best alternative consider zero variant (if no activity is done - present state of the environment) and another two alternatives assessment using the method of the total indicator of environmental quality. Nine selected criteria were divided into four groups according to their character - economic, technical, ecological and social. Based on evaluation of the construction of biomass-fired power plant seems to be the best solution of heating system for Trebišov town.
Basic Physical – Mechanical Properties of Geopolymers Depending on the Content of Ground Fly Ash and Fines of Sludge
Authors: Sičáková Alena , Števulová Nadežda
Published: July 2017

The binding potential of fly ash (FA) as a typical basic component of building mixtures can be improved in mechanical way, which unfolds new possibilities of its utilization. This paper presents the possibilities of preparing the geopolymer mixtures based on ground (dm = 31.0 μm) FA, used in varying percentages to the original (unground; dm = 74.1 μm) one. As a modification, fine-grain sludge from the process of washing the crushed aggregates was used as filler in order to obtain mortar-type material. The basic physical-mechanical properties of mixtures are presented and discussed in the paper, focusing on time dependence. The following standard tests were executed after 2, 7, 28, and 120 days: density, total water absorption, flexural strength, and compressive strength. Ground FA provided for positive effect in all tested parameters, while incorporation of fine portion of sludge into the geopolymer mixture does not offer a significant technical profit. On the other hand, it does not cause the decline in the properties, so the environmental effect (reduction of environmental burden) can be applied through its incorporation into the geopolymer mixtures.
Sovereignty, Property and Empire: Early Modern English Contexts
Authors: Koskenniemi Martti
Published: July 2017

This Article is based on a larger work that seeks to map the uses of different legal vocabularies by ambitious European legal and political thinkers in the period of c.1300-1800 in order to defend, explain and organize the exercise of power outside the domestic commonwealth. The Article examines the ways in which English legal languages (civil law, common law, natural law, jus gentium) were used to think about, propagate and defend English transatlantic expansion. For most of that time, in their relations public and private power remained closely interwoven. The pluralism of English law also contributed to the appearance of arguments from property and sovereignty in different configurations so that it is often hard to figure out which precise connotation is being made. The uses also varied significantly from Continental practices. I am above all interested in the imperial or colonial significance of these arguments. The point that emerges here is that by 1800, a conception of British Empire had arisen where the exercise of sovereign power was clearly derivative from and supplementary to claims about private property.
Property and Sovereignty, Information and Audience
Authors: Merrill Thomas W.
Published: July 2017

Morris Cohen’s classic essay, Property and Sovereignty, correctly discerned that political sovereignty and private property are alternative forms of government. Where it failed was in suggesting that the choice between these modes of governance is a matter of dialing one up and the other down. The relationship between political sovereignty and property is complex, and varies depending on the audience of property we have in view. With respect to some audiences — strangers and transactors — those who favor a strong system of property will want to enlist a generous measure of assistance from the political sovereign. With respect to other audiences — neighbors and sharers — those who want a robust property system are more likely to want the powers of the political sovereign to be held in check. Cohen was thus right that the political order and private property are both forms of power over people. But the exact mix of these two regimes is anything but simple or unidimensional.
Sovereignty, the Corporate Religious, and Jurisdictional/Political Pluralism
Authors: Cohen Jean L.
Published: July 2017

We typically associate sovereignty with the modern state and presuppose the coincidence of political rule, public power, government, legitimacy and jurisdiction with territorially delimited states. We are also used to referencing liberal principles of justice, egalitarian ideals of fairness, republican conceptions of non-domination and separation of powers, and democratic ideas of popular sovereignty (democratic constitutionalism), for the standards that should constitute, guide, limit and legitimate the exercise of sovereign power. This Article addresses an important challenge to these principles: the reemergence of theories and claims to jurisdictional/political pluralism on behalf of non-state “nomos groups” within well-established liberal-democratic polities. Theories of jurisdictional political pluralism purport to account for the independent sovereign authority of the corporate religious, while providing a “postmodern,” “permeable,” “pluralist” conception of sovereignty allegedly more appropriate descriptively to twenty-first century reality and more attractive normatively, than the modern statist version. This Article analyzes and assesses these claims. It criticizes the disassociation of the sovereignty concept from publicly accountable power, challenges the displacement of rights-holders from individuals to corporate groups, and offers a different, federal alternative to anachronistic or normatively flawed modern monistic statist conceptions. My purpose is to preserve the key achievements of democratic constitutionalism and to apply them to every level on which government, power, rule, and/or domination is exercised.
p-adic Valuation of Exponential Sums in One Variable Associated to Binomials
Authors: Castro Francis N. , Figueroa Raúl , Guan Puhua
Published: July 2017

In this paper we compute the p-adic valuation of exponential sums associated to binomials F(X) = aXd₁ + bXd₂ over Fp. In particular, its p-adic valuation is constant for a, b ∈ F∗p . As a byproduct of our results, we obtain a lower bound for the sizes of value sets of binomials over Fq.
Integral Powers of Numbers in Small Intervals Modulo 1: The Cardinality Gap Phenomenon
Authors: Schleischitz Johannes
Published: July 2017

This paper deals with the distribution of αζn mod 1, where α ≠ 0, ζ > 1 are fixed real numbers and n runs through the positive integers. Denote by ‖·‖ the distance to the nearest integer. We investigate the case of αζn all lying in prescribed small intervals modulo 1 for all large n, with focus on the case ‖αζn‖ ≤ ɛ for small ɛ > 0. We are particularly interested in what we call cardinality gap phenomena. For example for fixed ζ > 1 and small ɛ > 0 there are at most countably many values of α such that ‖αζn‖ ≤ ɛ for all large n, whereas larger ɛ induces an uncountable set. We investigate the value of ‖ at which the gap occurs. We will pay particular attention to the case of algebraic and, more specific, rational ζ > 1. Results concerning Pisot and Salem numbers such as some contribution to Mahler’s 3/2-problem are implicitly deduced. We study similar questions for fixed α ≠ 0 as well.
Une Propriété Topologique de Certains Ensembles de Mills
Authors: Deschamps Bruno
Published: July 2017

In this article , we show that the set of Mills constants (real numbers M such that [M3ⁿ] is prime for all n ≥ 0) is the increasing limit of sets homeomorphic to the triadic Cantor’s set. More generally, for a given function ϕ and a set A of integers, we studying the Mills set Mϕ(A) = {α ∈ ℝ/ ∀n ∈ ℕ, [ϕn(α)] ∈ A} (where ϕn = ϕ∘...∘ϕ n times). We show that, under certain assumptions over ϕ and A, for all real w > infMϕ(A) the set Mϕ(A) ∩ [2, w] is homeomorphic to the triadic Cantor’s set.
Synthesis and crystal structures of non-symmetric 1,3-di(alkyloxy)imidazolium salts
Authors: Jochriem Markus , Kirchler Christian G. , Laus Gerhard , Wurst Klaus , Kopacka Holger , Müller Thomas , Schottenberger Herwig
Published: July 2017

A series of non-symmetric 1,3-di(alkyloxy)imidazolium salts were synthesized by stepwise alkylation of 1-hydroxyimidazole-3-oxide. The quaternary salts were subsequently functionalized by bromination in 2-position. A 2-azidoimidazolium salt and an imidazoline-2-thione were prepared exemplarily. Crystal structures of two 2-bromo-1-alkyloxy-3-methyloxyimidazolium tribromides and a mercury(II)-thione complex have been determined by X-ray diffraction.