bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Des leviers d’action pour favoriser la biodiversité urbaine dans le cadre du processus de métropolisation
Authors: Dejean Alexandre , Hild Aurélia , Rotaru Roxana , Sasso Martha , Vuilleumier-Papaloïzos Djamila , Clergeau Philippe
Published: July 2019

Aujourd’hui, la biodiversité apparaît comme un élément nécessaire à la construction des villes durables et résilientes, notamment par les services multiples qu’elle rend aux citadins. La faiblesse des prises en compte dans les politiques publiques, nous a interrogé sur l’intérêt d’un nouveau niveau de décision comme celui de la métropole, en pleine formalisation. Nous nous sommes posés la question de l’acceptabilité de cette biodiversité dans l’émergence de la métropole notamment en recherchant les leviers ou les freins à cette acceptabilité qui conditionne les prises de décisions.Afin d’y répondre, nous avons construit une grille d’enquête pour réaliser une analyse croisée de quatre études de cas dans quatre métropoles françaises, Bordeaux, Montpellier, Nantes et Strasbourg. Nous y avons rencontré différents acteurs de la décision et de l’action publique (directeurs, services, associations). Nos entretiens ont abouti à l’identification de six leviers d’acceptabilité : la culture du naturel, la communication, la démocratie participative, le droit, l’économie et l’organisation administrative. Au regard des réponses obtenues, nous discutons ici des différentes catégories et des préconisations concrètes qui ont émergé.
Location-Allocation Modeling for Emergency Evacuation Planning in a Smart City Context
Authors: Batsaris Marios , Kavroudakis Dimitris , Soulakellis Nikolaos A. , Kontos Themistoklis
Published: July 2019

The transition of a city to a smart city depends on the preservation of open spaces because they can ensure both a safe and a quality living. In a smart city context, it is important for planners to pre-allocate resources during planning phase in order to satisfy the demand during catastrophic events. Geo-computation approaches can contribute towards the spatial-optimization of urban open-spaces for evacuation purposes in cases of catastrophic events. This work will use a location allocation spatial model to facilitate the planing of urban evacuation actions in Mytilini, Lesvos, Greece. Spatial analysis techniques have evolved during the last decades, mainly due to increased computation resources and other complementary technological advances. In this article, the authors attempt to show the contribution of spatial analysis in emergency management planning towards the smart city vision.
Lactobacillus plantarum LPBR01 as inoculant in sugarcane silage
Authors: Hoffmann Fabiane , Pagnoncelli Maria Giovana Binder , Mayer Lilian Regina Rothe , Fluck Ana Carolina , Macagnan Rodrigo , Tavares Paloma Cristiny , Zorzi Laura , Almeida Wellington Fernando
Published: July 2019

Sugar cane is highly productive (dry matter.hectare-1), but after ensiling process nutritional quality is affected, thus additives are needed to control or minimize losses. This study aimed to evaluate if Lactobacillus plantarum LPBR01 strain used as silage inoculant for sugar cane can control fermentation losses. Sugar cane samples (72) were divided in two treatments with three replicates, control (no Lactobacillus) and treatment silage with Lactobacillus (106 CFU g-1 of silage). Nutritional composition of samples in different periods of fermentation (0, 7, 15, 30 and 45 days) was estimated by determining levels of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose (HEM), mineral matter (MM) and acid detergent lignin (ADL). Fermentative profile of the silage was characterized by determining sugars, ammoniacal nitrogen, acidity and pH at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours. Inoculation of sugar cane silage with Lactobacillus plantarum LPBR01 strain presented no significant results (p ≤ 0, 5) however, interaction between treatment and day (p ≤ 0, 5) could be observed for the levels of ADF. The Lactobacillus plantarum LPBR01 strain was not efficient to control the fermentation losses that occur in the silages of sugar cane at the concentration used in this study.
Thermal comfort and grazing behavior of Girolando heifers in integrated crop-livestock (ICL) and crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) systems
Authors: Souza Elaine Coimbra de , Salman Ana Karina Dias , Cruz Pedro Gomes da , Veit Hemerson Maciel , Carvalho Giovanna Araújo de , Silva Francyelle Ruana Faria da , Schmitt Eduardo
Published: July 2019

To compare the integrated crop-livestock-forest (ICLF) and crop-livestock (ICL) systems in relation to thermal comfort and grazing behavior of Girolando heifers, a 2 × 2 crossover trial (two system and two periods) was carried out with eight ¾ Holstein × ¼ Gyr heifers in Xaraés–palisade grass pasture under intermittent stocking with 10 days of occupation period and 20 days of resting. In ICLF, crown cover of eucalyptus planted in rows was 65% at the beginning of the experiment. Animal behavior was assessed through bioacoustics by recording heifers’ sounds for 48 hours. Concomitantly, heifers’ internal temperature (IT,°C) was recorded every 10 min using data logger thermometers adapted to hormone-free intravaginal devices. Air temperature and humidity data were collected by thermohygrometers located in the center of ICLF and ICL for calculating Temperature–Humidity Index (THI). According to THI values, ICLF and ICL did not vary in terms of thermal comfort. However, THI indicated moderate stress (82.26±4.40) during day (06:00 to 17:59h) and mild stress (75.76±4.38) at night (18:00 to 05:59h) in both systems. During day, heifers from ICL had significantly (p < 0.05) higher IT (39.51±0.56oC) than those from ICLF (39.41±0.56oC); the former spent more time grazing and less time drinking water in ICLF (581.35±30.1 and 4.87±1.09 min, respectively) when compared with those from ICL (436.88±28.1 and 10.25±1.09 min, respectively). Therefore, although thermal comfort index did not vary between the systems, under moderate stress, crossbred heifers have lower internal temperatures, resulting in longer diurnal grazing and shorter water drinking time in Eucalyptus-shaded pastures.
Dry matter intake and milk yield of cows grazing Xaraés palisadegrass under different management strategies
Authors: Carvalho Vinícius Emanoel , Araújo Saulo Alberto do Carmo , Alves Danilo De Oliveira , Santos Carlos César dos , Rocha Norberto Silva
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the intake and milk yield of crossbred cows (Holstein x Zebu), under two management strategies, based on 95% light interception and fixed days. Eight lactating cows with body weight of 466 kg (± 35 kg) and lactation stage of 137 days (± 107 days) were used, four animals were assigned to each treatment. Dry matter intake was estimated indirectly, using neutral detergent insoluble fiber as internal indicator and chromium oxide as external indicator. This was a completely randomized design, with four replications, two grazing strategies and three days of occupation. The animals under light management showed dry matter intake on the first day (11.42 kg) similar to the second day (9.57 kg), and this was similar to the third day (7.06 kg), but the intake on the first day was greater than on the third day. On the fixed days, intake did not differ between the first and second day (12.05 and 11.47 kg, respectively), and intake of the third day (6.70 kg) was lower than in the first two days. The dry matter intake in relation to the body weight of the animals presented similar results to the dry matter intake of forage in kilos, which can be explained by the small difference in weight between the mean of the groups. The individual milk yield showed a similar behavior among the grazing strategies for the days of occupation, which increased from the first to the second day (12.49 to 13.88 kg) and decreased from the second to the third day (12.20 kg). Grazing management strategies did not promote differences in the performance traits of lactating cows. The day of grazing during the period of occupation can be decisive for intake and production.
Multinutritional blocks as a food strategy to optimize the use of concentrate for lactating goats
Authors: Ramos Joao Paulo De Farias , Sousa Wandrick Hauss de , Cavalcante Iara Tamires Rodrigues , Oliveira Juliana Silva , Santos Edson Mauro , Pimenta Filho Edgard Cavalcanti , Freitas Fabianna Fortuna de , Leite Ricardo Miranda
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of multinutritional blocks (BMs) associated with the concentrate content in the diet of lactating goats and their effects on milk production and economic viability. Eight goats Parda Alpina, multiparas were distributed in two Latin squares (4x4). The experiment consisted of four treatments (0.971, 0.746, 0.521 and 0.296 kg concentrate day-1 per goat) and BMs ad libitum. It was evaluated the consumption, milk monitoring and the system was analyzed economically. If there was a significant effect of the concentrate, the control treatment was compared to the others using the Dunnett test and 5% regression analysis. When the concentrate contents were high in the diets, the total dry matter intake decreased linearly. However, there was an inverse behavior for the consumption of BMs. Milk production (PL kg day-1) was linear and positively related to the increase of concentrate levels in the diets. The PL was lower for the decreasing levels of concentrate when compared to the control diet. The economic parameters indicate that the use of low concentrate levels associated with BMs is the best feeding strategy for lactating goats. The multinutritional blocks can be used to feed lactating goats to partially replace the concentrate.
Segmented and Non-Segmented Skin Lesions Classification Using Transfer Learning and Adaptive Moment Learning Rate Technique Using Pretrained Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Alqudah Ali Mohammad , Alquraan Hiam , Qasmieh Isam Abu
Published: July 2019

A skin lesion is a very severe problem, especially in coastal countries. Early detection by a highly reliable classification of skin lesion causes a great reduction in the mortality rate. Recognition of melanoma is a complicated issue due to the high degree of visual similarities between melanoma and non-melanoma lesions. Various studies are carried out to overcome this problem and to obtain accurate screening of skin lesion, where the most recent method for segmenting and classifying the lesion is based on a deep learning algorithm. In this paper, (GoogleNet) and (AlexNet) are employed with transfer learning and optimization gradient descent adaptive momentum learning rate (ADAM). The proposed method is applied on Archive International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) database to classify images into three main classes (benign, melanoma, seborrheic keratosis) under the two scenarios; segmented and non-segmented lesion images. The overall accuracy of the non-segmented classification database is 92.2% and 89.8% for the non-segmented dataset. Utilizing optimization algorithm (ADAM) leads to a significant improvement in the classification results when they are compared with previous studies.
Intestinal Macrophages in Resolving Inflammation
Authors: Hine Ashley M. , Loke P’ng
Published: July 2019

Macrophages not only regulate intestinal homeostasis by recognizing pathogens to control enteric infections but also employ negative feedback mechanisms to prevent chronic inflammation. Hence, macrophages are intriguing targets for immune-mediated therapies, especially when barrier function in the gut is compromised to trigger aberrant inflammatory responses, most notably during inflammatory bowel diseases. Recently, there has been considerable progress in our understanding of human macrophage biology in different tissues, including the intestines. In this review, we discuss some new findings on the properties of distinct populations of intestinal macrophages, how resolution of inflammation and tissue repair by macrophages could be promoted by type 2 cytokines as well as other therapeutic interventions, and highlight some challenges for translating these findings into the future for this exciting area of immunology research.
A 14-Day Recovery and Physical Activity Levels After an Ankle Sprain in Mice
Authors: Hubbard-Turner Tricia , Wikstrom Erik A. , Turner Michael J.
Published: July 2019

Context

Research is needed to find ways of improving physical activity after a lateral ankle sprain.

Objective

To investigate the effects of a prolonged rest period on lifelong activity after a surgically induced ankle sprain.

Design

Controlled laboratory study.

Setting

Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 18 male CBA/J mice (age at surgery = 7 weeks).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

We transected the anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament of the right hindlimb. Each mouse was placed in a separate cage and randomized into 1 of 3 groups of 6 mice each. A running wheel was placed in each cage at 3 days, 7 days, or 14 days after surgery. Physical activity was measured daily. Daily duration (ie, time spent on the wheel), distance, and running speed were examined using analysis of variance (group × age) with repeated measures at 15-week periods to approximate the first 3 quartiles of the lifespan.

Results

From weeks 3 to 15 after surgery, we observed no differences in duration, distance, or running speed among groups (P > .05). From weeks 16 to 30, distance (F2,14 = 0.57, P = .041) and running speed (F2,14 = 0.93, P = .01) were greater in the 14-day group than in the 3- and 7-day groups. From weeks 31 to 45, duration (F2,14 = 0.74, P = .02), distance (F2,14 = 0.95, P = .009), and running speed (F2,14 = 1.05, P = .007) were greater in the 14-day group than in the 3- and 7-day groups.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the longer recovery period of 14 days can increase activity levels throughout the lifespan after a severe ankle sprain. Rest after an ankle injury is critical to restoring physical activity levels across the lifespan. Rest and time away from exercise after an ankle sprain may be necessary to restore physical activity to normal, uninjured levels.
Fearing the stranger? Homiletical explorations in a fear-filled world
Authors: Nell Ian A.
Published: July 2019

The large number of xenophobic attacks that broke out in different places in South Africa during 2008 was still continuing unabated 10 years later. We were stressed to come to terms with the reality that this occurred in a country that is globally considered to be an example of reconciliation. It is clear that we were confronted by the politics of fear, which were manifested in xenophobia and all the other -isms. In this article, the primary causes of these xenophobic outbreaks were scrutinised and placed within the wider framework of a culture of fear. The central research question is: Why are we still struggling with this phenomenon more than a decade after it first appeared on South African soil? In-depth analysis will be performed on what is lying behind the culture of fear underlying these acts of violence. After exploring some of the factors related to a culture of fear by making use of a sociological frame, the author moved on to answer a second question: How do we, as preachers, researchers and practical theologians, respond in a theological way to the challenges posed by a xenophobic culture in our preaching activities? Finally, the impact of violence and fear on the practice of preaching within a Christian context was discussed.
Systematic review of factors influencing oral health-related quality of life in children in Africa
Authors: Malele-Kolisa Yolanda , Yengopal Veerasamy , Igumbor Jude , Nqcobo Cathrine B. , Ralephenya Tshakane R.D.
Published: July 2019

Background: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is influenced by cultural and societal context. Existing OHRQoL children measurement tools have been conceptualised in high-income countries. Probing whether the factors influencing OHRQoL are context-reliant in the African setting is necessary and is the purpose of the current review.Aim: To investigate if the factors influencing OHRQoL are context-reliant.Methods: Seven databases were searched using search terms (‘oral health’; and ‘quality of life’, ‘health-related quality of life’, ‘patient-reported outcomes’, ‘well-being’; and ‘child*’, ‘adolescents’, ‘teen*’, ‘youth’; and ‘determinants’, ‘factors’, ‘predictors’; and ‘oral health quality of life tools/instruments/scales’; and ‘Africa*’). Abstracts identified were exported to a reference software manager. Three of the authors used specific selection criteria to review, firstly, 307 abstracts and, secondly, 30 full papers. Data were extracted from these papers using a pre-designed data extraction form, after which quantitative synthesis of data was performed.Results: Key factors influencing OHRQoL followed an existing conceptual framework where environmental and individual factors in the form of socio-economic status (SES), area of residence and children psyche status, and the presence of any oral condition other than dental caries were reported among child populations in Africa.Conclusion: There is preliminary evidence to suggest an association between individual factors such as children’s psyche and oral problems, excluding dental caries, and environmental determinants such as area of residence and SES in children’s OHRQoL in African children. The finding that dental caries was not a key factor in child-oral health is unexpected. There seemed to be a contextual viewpoint underpinning the current OHRQoL frameworks and OHRQoL was context-reliant.
A community approach to physiotherapy
Authors: Wallner P. J. , Stewart A.
Published: July 2019

This paper explores the reasons for the introduction of a community component to the current physiotherapy curriculum. The development of the community component of the course is outlined as are the student attitudes towards this development. The necessity for this trend to continue in the interests of meeting the rehabilitative needs of all the communities in South Africa is highlighted.
Demographic and Histopathologic Profile of Pediatric Patients with Primary Brain Tumors Attending a Regional Cancer Center
Authors: Mehta Dhruv Pankaj , Anand Asha S , Patel Dipak , Trivedi Priti , Panchal Harsha , Patel Apurva , Shah Sandip A
Published: July 2019

Background: Primary brain tumors (PBTs) are the most common solid childhood malignancies. However, epidemiologic profile of these tumors is scarce in developing nation like India. Objective of Study: The objective of this study was to study the demographic and histopathologic profile of pediatric patients with PBTs residing in Gujarat, and attending the Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad. Materials and Methods: Data regarding age, gender, anatomical site, and histopathology (according to the World Health Organization classification) of 242 patients with brain tumors (0–18 years) operated over 10 years (January 2006 to December 2015) were collected retrospectively, and analyzed. Results: Of total 242 patients with PBTs, 78.1% were from 5 to 14 years age group with the mean age being 9.38 ± 3.82 years (95% confidence interval). Brain tumors were more common in males (64.1%) as compared to females (35.9%) with a male-to-female ratio of 1.78:1. The most common anatomical site was cerebellum (46.3%), followed by cerebral hemispheres (14.1%). Infratentorial tumors (60.9%) were predominant than supratentorial tumors (39.1%) in 0–14 years age group while supratentorial tumors (58.3%) were predominant than infratentorial tumors (41.7%) in 15–18 years age group. Astrocytic tumors (38.9%) and embryonal tumors including medulloblastomas, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid teratomas (34.7%) were the most common histological subtypes comprising three-quarters of all tumors. Ependymomas (16.1%) and craniopharyngiomas (5%) were third and fourth most common tumors, respectively. Among astrocytic tumors, 71.3% were of lower grade histology (Grade I and II). Conclusions: Astrocytomas and medulloblastomas, which form the major histologic subtypes in children residing in Gujarat, needs special attention with respect to the distribution of infrastructure and resources. Histopathological profiles of cohort in this study do not differ substantially from other hospital-based and population-based studies.
Successful Usage of External Beam Radiation to Myeloma Cutaneous Lesions in Patient with Refractory, Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Khadanga Chira Ranjan , Saikumar B , Sujatha K , Vaggu Anand Kumar , Kuraparthy Sambasivaiah
Published: July 2019

Cutaneous myeloma lesions are rare. External beam radiation is effective in inducing remission in cutaneous myeloma lesions.
Thermo Mammogram as a Tool to Assess Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Govindasamy Gopu , Susikar Sujay , Palaniyandi Muniasamy
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is predicted by clinical examination alone in locally advanced breast carcinoma. This study uses thermo mammogram (TMG) to assess the response. Aim and Objectives: The aim is to study TMG changes during NACT in breast cancer and predict response to NACT in locally advanced carcinoma and to compare clinical response with TMG response/changes in any form. Patients and Methods: All patients with locally advanced breast cancer who had treated with NACT were included in this study. Baseline TMG picture was taken using illumina360° (digital robotic rotational thermography device for 360 degree view of each breast) system before chemotherapy. TMG was repeated before next cycle. All patients were also assessed clinically during and after each cycle of chemotherapy. To assess the potential of TMG in predicting tissue response to chemotherapy, the precool, postcool, and the temperature difference between precool and postcool before every cycle were analyzed. Results: A total of 19 patients were analyzed. Eight patients had complete clinical response, six patients had partial response, and five patients had static disease. Median of precool, temperature difference between precool and postcool for patients between no response and complete response did not show statistically significant difference. However, the median of postcool spot temperature showed statistically significant difference. Median of postcool temperature difference for patients between partial response and complete response showed statistically significant difference. The median of postcool spot temperature for patients with no response and partial response did not show statistically significant difference. Precool temperature difference for all the visits showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: This preliminary study suggests that the TMG has potential for monitoring NACT response in breast cancer patients. Postcool temperature measurement is an early indicator of response to NACT.
Pseudoprogression in Rectal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Authors: Meena Virendra , Sureka Binit , Elhence Poonam , Gautam Mayuresh , Garg Pawan , Khera Pushpinder Singh
Published: July 2019

Although gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are common mesenchymal intestinal neoplasms, rectal GISTs are rare mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract. We describe a case of rectal GIST in a 63-year-old male. The patient was given imatinib monotherapy and was further followed up by contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen for response assessment. We conclude that although rectal GISTs are extremely uncommon, it should be considered as a differential when any rectal mass is incidentally detected. Oncologists and radiologists should also be aware of pseudoprogression phenomena of GISTs in evaluating tumor response.
ALK-Negative Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma Diagnosed on Liver Biopsy in a Child Presenting with Nonresolving Pyrexia
Authors: Kakkar Aanchal , Sharma Bhavna , Das Prasenjit , Jain Siddharth , Dattagupta Siddharth , Sood Rita
Published: July 2019

ALK-negative anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in adulthood. We report a case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with a 6-month history of fever with jaundice and pancytopenia. Computed tomography abdomen showed multiple hypodense lesions in the liver. Bone marrow biopsy revealed necrotizing granulomas. The patient was treated with antitubercular treatment but failed to show a response. Liver biopsy performed subsequently showed features of ALK-negative ALCL. Extranodal involvement in ALK-negative ALCL can have unusual clinical presentations. This case highlights the utility of timely tissue diagnosis in patients with nonresolving pyrexia and organ lesions on imaging.
Acinic Cell Carcinoma of Parotid Gland Presenting as Disseminated Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Metastasis after 20 Years of Initial Presentation
Authors: Shah Ashini , Mehta Shailee , Gami Amisha , Jetly Dhaval
Published: July 2019

Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon variety of salivary gland neoplasms, constituting about 17% of all salivary gland malignancies. Although ACC is a low-grade tumor, approximately 35% of patients experience recurrence and 16% have distant metastasis, often decades after the initial presentation. We report a rare case of disseminated metastatic ACC in skin and subcutaneous tissue in a 50-year-old male, with a history of surgery in parotid region 20 years back. After thorough search of literature, this is the second case being reported, to the best of our knowledge.
Toxicity Profile of Double-agent Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Concurrent Chemoradiation and Brachytherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: Comparison with Standard Chemoradiation Protocol
Authors: Pandya Tejas , Suhag Virender , Ranjan Subhash , Sunita BS , Pandya Sujata
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Carcinoma cervix is the most common gynecological malignancy in India and a major cause of cancer mortality and morbidity in the females despite Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Attempts are on to improved overall survival by addition of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) to CCRT. Aim: The aim of this study is to establish toxicity profile of double-agent ACT after CCRT and ICRT in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) and to compare it with standard chemoradiation protocol. Materials and Methods: Patients were randomized into two arms: in conventional arm (Arm 1, n = 23), patients received a standard protocol of weekly injection cisplatin 40 mg/m2 concurrently with pelvic external beam radiotherapy (5040cGy/28 fractions) followed by ICRT (03 fractions of 7 Gy each). In interventional arm (Arm 2, n = 24), patients received CCRT/ICRT protocol; and were further offered ACT with three cycles of consolidation chemotherapy using injection paclitaxel and injection carboplatin every 3 weeks after CCRT and ICRT. Results: The incidence of anemia was 14/23 (50% Grade 1) in Arm 1 and 12/24 in Arm 2 (17% Grade 1, rest higher grade). In Arm 2, 37% of patients had ≥Grade 2 neuropathy and 16% of patients had Grade 1 alopecia, whereas nil incidence was reported in Arm 1 (P = 0.005 and 0.04, respectively). Grade 3 neutropenia was observed in 4/23 (17%) patients of Arm 1 and 8/24 patients (33%) of Arm 2. None of the patients in Arm 1 required indoor supportive care while 4/24 patients (17%) were managed as an indoor patient. Among late toxicities, in Arm 2, the incidence of Grade 2 and Grade 3 anemia was 42%, whereas in Arm 1, its incidence was 22%. In Arm 1, no patient exhibited features of neuropathy, whereas, in Arm 2, 12/24 (50%) of the patients had neuropathy (P value for these two late events was <0.05 statistically significant). No therapy-induced mortality was noted. Conclusion: Exhibition of ACT with injection Paclitaxel and injection carboplatin in locally advanced carcinoma cervix is a technically viable option with manageable toxicity.
A Study of Hormone Receptor Status in Breast Carcinoma and use of HER2-Targeted Therapy in a Tertiary Care Center of India
Authors: Bhaskar Sandeep , Rastogi Kartick , Gupta Shivani , Jindal Arpita , Bhatnagar Aseem Rai , Jain Sandeep
Published: July 2019

Aims: The aim is to study the hormone receptor status, association of HER2 expression with prognostic factors and use of HER2-targeted therapy in North Indian breast cancer patients. Subjects and Methods: Immunohistochemistry reports of 288 breast cancer patients registered in the department of Radiotherapy, SMS Medical College, Jaipur in 2015–2016 were analyzed for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and c-erb B-2 protein (HER2/neu) expression. Equivocal HER2 (2+) was further confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Number of patients receiving HER2/neu-targeted therapy was also studied. Results: For ER, positive status was more common (56%), whereas for PR and HER2/neu, negative status was more common (59% and 60% resp.). HER2 status was unknown for 25% patients. The percentage of equivocal HER2 (immunohistochemistry 2+) cases showing amplification on FISH was also high (56.7%). The percentage of eligible cases for targeted therapy actually receiving it was low (28%). The percentage of triple negative phenotype (ER-/PR-/HER2-) was high (29.8%). Triple-negative breast cancer phenotype was more common in young-aged premenopausal women but was not statistically significant. All HER2/neu + cases were infiltrating ductal carcinoma. HER2/neu expression was significantly higher with large tumor size (P = 0.001), high tumor grade (P < 0.001), advanced stage (P = 0.001), greater number of positive lymph nodes (P = 0.02), and ER/PR negativity (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Most of the breast cancer patients are ER and/or PR positive and HER2/neu negative. The percentage of triple-negative phenotype is higher. More than half of HER2/neu 2+ cases show amplification on FISH assay. The percentage of eligible patients actually receiving targeted therapy is low. HER2/neu protein expression is significantly higher with adverse features such as large tumor size, high grade, advanced stage, greater number of positive lymph nodes, and ER/PR negativity.
Unusual Renal and Colonic Mass: Description of a Rare Case
Authors: Khare Manika , Ahuja Arvind , Bhardwaj Minakshi , Khattar Nikhil
Published: July 2019

Seminoma is a germ cell tumor which accounts for approximately 40% of all germ cell tumors. Testicular seminoma is usually localized to the testis, and in 25% of cases, lymph node metastasis is seen. However, rarely, it can metastasize to visceras. We report a rare case of metastatic seminoma in a 40-year-old male who presented with renal and intestinal mass 2 years after orchidectomy.
A Rare Case of Endobronchial Metastasis in a Case of Carcinoma Tongue
Authors: Bisht Niharika , Singh Sankalp , Mishra Prabha Shankar , Gupta Samir , Kapoor Amul
Published: July 2019

Cancer of the tongue and other parts of the oral cavity are a leading cause of death in the worldwide population. The common sites of metastasis from oral cavity cancers are lung and bone. Endobronchial metastasis of an extra-thoracic malignancy is a rare phenomenon and such metastases from a malignancy of the tongue are almost unheard of. We present a case of carcinoma oral cavity with subsite tongue that after radical therapy of local site had an unusual site of distant metastasis in the right main bronchus, along with metastases to the lung parenchyma and right third rib.
Solitary Duodenal Metastasis from Renal Cell Carcinoma with Metachronous Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor: Review of Literature with a Case Discussion
Authors: Baghmar Saphalta , Shasthry S M , Singla Rajesh , Patidar Yashwant , Bihari Chhagan B , Sarin S K
Published: July 2019

Renal cell cancinoma (RCC) is a unique malignancy with features of late recurrences, metastasis to any organ, and frequent association with second malignancy. It most commonly metastasizes to the lungs, bones, liver, renal fossa, and brain although metastases can occur anywhere. RCC metastatic to the duodenum is especially rare, with only few cases reported in the literature. Herein, we review literature of all the reported cases of solitary duodenal metastasis from RCC and cases of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) as synchronous/metachronous malignancy with RCC. Along with this, we have described a unique case of an 84-year-old man who had recurrence of RCC as solitary duodenal metastasis after 37 years of radical nephrectomy and metachronous pancreatic NET.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Developing De Novo in an Untreated, Nonsun-Exposed Psoriatic Plaque
Authors: Tandon Sidharth , Sharma Prafulla Kumar , Zutso Kezhaleto , Singh Ajeet
Published: July 2019

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis, which causes hyperproliferation of skin. Patients afflicted with psoriasis are also at a risk of developing nonmelanoma skin cancers, with the risk of such a possibility being attributed to the administration of systemic immunosuppressive agents, phototherapy, and biological agents. We present a case of psoriasis with de novo development of squamous cell carcinoma, in a photoprotected site, with no history of administration of systemic immunosuppressive agents, phototherapy, or biological agents.
Inhalation Exposure to Dioxins Air Pollutant Generated by Dead Body Incineration at Buddhist Temple: Cancer Risk Estimation
Authors: Joob Beuy , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: July 2019

Background: Dioxin is accepted as an important toxic chemical that can induce carcinogenesis. The dioxin contamination in air is accepted as an important air pollutant. Apart from the industry, the dioxin in air can be generated by other little mentioned sources. Methods: Here, the authors assessed the cancer risk due to inhalation exposure to dioxins air pollutant generated by dead body incineration at Buddhist temple based on situation in Indochina. Indeed, there are many thousand Buddhist temples in Indochina and the dead body incineration is routinely done at the temple every day and the dioxin generated from this activity is little mentioned. Results: According to this study, the risk of cancer due to exposure to dioxins air pollutant generated by dead body incineration at Buddhist temple is high and should be the issue for proper public health management. Conclusion: Dioxins air pollutant generated by Dead bodyIncineration at Buddhist temple is an important cancer risk for both adult and children living in that area.
Primary Renal Leiomyosarcoma Arising from Renal Vein: A Case Report of Rare Entity with Review of Literature
Authors: Kundu Reetu , Chandra Mahesh , Punia Rajpal Singh , Aggarwal Purnima
Published: July 2019

Primary renal sarcomas are extremely rare neoplasms accounting for about 1% of all malignant renal neoplasms. Among all the sarcomas of kidney, leiomyosarcoma is the most common histotype. The histogenesis of these tumors is unclear, and presumably, they arise either from renal capsule or smooth muscle of renal vessels or renal pelvis. We report a case of a 65-year-old woman, who presented with intermittent abdominal pain for 1 year. The correct diagnosis was established only after the histopathological analysis of the resected specimen. The poor prognosis borne by these tumors mandates a thorough evaluation of all renal masses with unusual gross and histomorphology.
Pediatric Bone Sarcomas: Outcome of Multimodality Treatment in a Single Institution in South India over a Decade
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Govindasamy Gopu , Hussain Syed Afroze , Fells S Prinith Siga
Published: July 2019

Context: Pediatric bone sarcoma is a rare entity with low incidence of around 2.5–6 per million population in India. Management of this condition is well standardized, and global survival data are available; however, there is a paucity of data in the Indian perspective. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to analyze various prognostic factors and survival outcome. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of surgery, multiagent chemotherapy, and radiation in the management of these tumors. Patients and Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients aged 18 and less, diagnosed as bone sarcomas and treated in our tertiary cancer center. All the patients received at least one form of therapy depending on stage and site of the primary lesion. Results: Twenty-one patients of Ewing sarcoma and 20 patients of osteosarcomas were eligible and were included in the study. In Ewing sarcoma, completing the full course of standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy to the local site was associated with improved survival. In osteosarcoma, limb salvage surgery (LSS) had a significant difference in overall survival compared to amputation. Induction chemotherapy was associated with better percentage of necrosis and showed improved survival. The percentage of necrosis correlated positively with survival which was statistically significant (P = 0.015). Conclusion: The median survival in both these bone sarcomas is inferior to global trends. Probable reasons for such discrepancy are lack of compliance to treatment protocols due to age factors and late presentation. Completion of multiagent chemotherapy in both the tumors add to better survival. Radiotherapy in Ewing sarcoma improves survival. In osteosarcoma, LSS is an oncologically safe alternative to amputation. The percentage of necrosis following chemotherapy in osteosarcoma is a reliable predictor of prognosis.
An Unusual Tumor of the Vagina
Authors: Archana Archana , Shamsunder Saritha , Yadav Amit , Malik Sunita
Published: July 2019

A 28-year-old female came with complaints of swelling in the perineal area; examination revealed a nontender and fixed mass of approximately 4 cm × 3 cm on the right vulvovaginal junction extending into the vaginal wall. Wide excision of the mass was performed; histopathological examination revealed features suggestive of Merkel cell carcinoma of vagina.
Burkitt Leukemia in a 5-Year-Old Girl with Williams–Beuren Syndrome: Review of the Literature
Authors: Patiroglu Turkan , Ozcan Alper , Karakukcu Musa , Ozdemir Mehmet Akif , Unal Ekrem
Published: July 2019

Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare neurodevelopmental genetic disorder associated with microdeletion at the long arm of chromosome 7 (7q11.23). Few cases have been reported with WBS with hemato oncological malignancies. Herein, we report Burkitt leukemia in a 5 year old girl with WBS. We like to call attention to the management of this rare combination.
Post-transplant Epstein–Barr Virus-Related Lymphoproliferative Disorder: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Goli Vasu Babu , Shah Preet , Bhat M Ganapathi , Nagral Aabha
Published: July 2019

Post transplant lympho-proliferative disorders (PTLD) are a serious complications of solid organ transplantation. Solid organ recipients have an increased risk of cancers related to immunosuppression and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-in particular lymphomas and majority of PTLD are of B-cell origin. The occurrence of PTLD in solid organ recipients can have varied clinical presentation and histopathological features. Although lymphoproliferative disorders were initially reported to be rare complication of transplantation, observations in past decade shown that they are common and are associated with poor outcomes. We report the case of a patient with deceased donor liver transplantation for Budd-chiari syndrome, who presented, four years after liver transplantation, with an EBV-associated Burkitt lymphoma with gastrointestinal and extensive skeletal metastasis recovered completely after adjustment of immunosuppressive treatment and chemo-immunotherapy. Our suggestion is that patients with the risk factors like T-cell depleting agents or increasing immunosuppressive therapy must be closely monitored with quantitative EBV PCR. Improvements in immunosuppressive strategies for transplantation and advances in treatment resulted in improved outcomes and long term survival for patients with PTLD.
Conjunctival Mass as the Initial Presentation of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Child
Authors: Meena Jagdish Prasad , Sharma Aakanksha , Gupta Aditya Kumar , Singh Anuj , Maharana Prafulla Kumar , Phulware Ravi Hari , Seth Rachna
Published: July 2019

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood malignancy with excellent survival. ALL has varied presentations. Presentation of ALL as a conjunctival mass is very rare. We report a child who presented to us with redness of the left eye and was found to have conjunctival mass. On biopsy, this mass was later diagnosed as ALL. The bone marrow examination supported the diagnosis. Timely diagnosis and initiation of treatment are essential to salvage the vision and to improve survival in such cases.
Nasal Cavity Cancer with Distal Phalanx Metastasis: An Extremely Rare Case Report
Authors: Rastogi Kartick , Dadhich Prashant , Bhaskar Sandeep , Gupta Shivani
Published: July 2019

Cancers of nasal cavity are relatively uncommon; and osseous metastases distal to the elbow and knee joints are also very rare. We herein report the two rare occurrences of nasal cavity carcinoma and acrometastasis together in the same patient, which is the first such case report to the best of our knowledge. The features associated with acrometastasis in the present study are similar to what has been cited in the literature, such as male gender, older age, widespread metastasis, single bone metastasis, lytic lesion, third finger, distal phalanx, poor prognosis, and short survival; however, involvement of left hand and nasal cavity as the primary site of tumor were the exceptions.
An Alternate Method of Fabrication of an Obturator in a Patient Diagnosed with Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy
Authors: Dholam Kanchan P , Singh Gurkaran Preet , Gurav Sandeep V , Shinde Arati A
Published: July 2019

The quality of treatment and rehabilitation for the pediatric head and neck cancer patient has greatly improved due to interdisciplinary management. Surgical resection of maxilla leads to functional impairment which can be adequately restored with an obturator. However, its fabrication can be challenging in a pediatric patient. A simple, practical, and time-saving procedural modification in the fabrication of obturator in a patient diagnosed with rare melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy has been presented.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a 5-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Rao Shruthi , Hegde Shruthi , Thilak PS Gopinath , Babu G Subhas , Ajila Vidya , Shetty Urvashi , Buch Sajad Ahmad
Published: July 2019

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon hematological disorder affecting infants and young children. LCH is a rare disorder of the reticuloendothelial system associated with proliferation of Langerhans cells and mature eosinophils. LCH can involve any bone, but the most common are pelvis, ribs, skull, long bones, vertebra, and facial bones. In the skull, frontal and parietal bones are commonly involved followed by the jaws, where mandible is more commonly affected than the maxilla. In this article, we report a case of LCH in a 5-year-old child involving the mandible. Swelling of one side of the face and aggressive periosteal reaction led to the diagnosis of monostotic LCH. The manuscript also summarizes the results of a literature search in PubMed of reported cases of LCH over the past 10 years.
Rational approximation on quadrics: A simplex lemma and its consequences
Authors: Kleinbock Dmitry , de Saxcé Nicolas
Published: July 2019

We give elementary proofs of stronger versions of several recent results on intrinsic Diophantine approximation on rational quadric hypersurfaces

X \subset \mathbb P^n (\mathbb R)

. The main tool is a refinement of the simplex lemma, which essentially says that rational points on

X

which are sufficiently close to each other must lie on a totally isotropic rational subspace of

X

.
An elementary and unified proof of Grothendieck’s inequality
Authors: Friedland Shmuel , Lim Lek-Heng , Zhang Jinjie
Published: July 2019

We present an elementary, self-contained proof of Grothendieck’s inequality that unifies the real and complex cases and yields both the Krivine and Haagerup bounds, the current best-known explicit bounds for the real and complex Grothendieck constants respectively. This article is intended to be pedagogical, combining and streamlining known ideas of Lindenstrauss–Pełczynski, Krivine, and Haagerup into a proof that needs only univariate calculus, basic complex variables, and a modicum of linear algebra as prerequisites.
Benjamini–Schramm and spectral convergence
Authors: Deitmar Anton
Published: July 2019

It is shown that under mild conditions, Benjamini–Schramm convergence of lattices in locally compact groups is equivalent to spectral convergence. Next both notions are extended to the relative case and then are expressed in terms of relative

L^2

-theory.
О многообразии точек перегиба плоских кубик
Authors: Kulikov Victor Stepanovich
Published: July 2019

В данной статье изучаются свойства девятимерного многообразия точек перегиба плоских кубик. Приведено описание локальных групп монодромии множества точек перегиба плоских кубик вблизи особых кубик и дано детальное описание нормализаций поверхностей точек перегиба плоских кубик, принадлежащих общим двумерным линейным системам кубик, а также доказано обращение в нуль иррегулярности гладкого многообразия бирационально изоморфного многообразию точек перегиба плоских кубик.
Библиография: 20 наименований.
Об антисимплектических инволюциях гильбертова квадрата K3-поверхности
Authors: Boissiere Samuel , Cattaneo Andrea , Markushevich Dmitri Genrikhovich , Sarti Alessandra
Published: July 2019

Исследуется взаимосвязь между пространствами модулей обильно $\langle 2\rangle$-поляризованных НГС-многообразий типа $\mathrm{K3}^{[2]}$ и НГС-многообразий типа $\mathrm{K3}^{[2]}$ с антисимплектической инволюцией, инвариантная решетка которой имеет ранг один. В частности, дано геометрическое описание некоторых новых инволюций гильбертова квадрата K3-поверхности, существование которых было установлено в предыдущей работе Буассьера, Каттанео, Нипер-Висскирхена и Сарти.
Библиография: 29 наименований.
Эквивариантные исключительные наборы на гладких торических стэках
Authors: Borisov Lev Anatol'evich , Orlov Dmitri Olegovich
Published: July 2019

В данной статье изучаются ограниченные производные категории тор-эквивариантных когерентных пучков на гладких торических многообразиях и стэках Делиня-Мамфорда. Строятся и описываются полные исключительные наборы в данных категориях. Показывается, что эти категории зависят только от класса относительно $\mathrm{PL}$-гомеомеорфизмов для соответствующего симплициального комплекса.
Библиография: 14 наименований.
Три сюжета о группах Кремоны
Authors: Popov Vladimir Leonidovich
Published: July 2019

Первая группа результатов этой работы касается сжимаемости конечных подгрупп групп Кремоны. Вторая - вложимости других групп в группы Кремоны и, наоборот, групп Кремоны в другие группы. Третья - связности групп Кремоны. Библиография: 41 наименование.
Трехмерные многообразия Фано с бесконечными группами автоморфизмов
Authors: Przyjalkowski Victor Vladimirovich , Cheltsov Ivan Anatol'evich , Shramov Constantin Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2019

Мы классифицируем гладкие трехмерные многообразия Фано с бесконечными группами автоморфизмов.
Библиография: 55 наименований.
Струнные $E$-функции канонических торических трехмерных многообразий Фано и их приложения
Authors: Batyrev Victor Vadimovich , Schaller Karin
Published: July 2019

Пусть $\Delta$ - $3$-мерный целочисленный многогранник, внутри которого лежит ровно одна целая точка. В статье дается простая комбинаторная формула для вычисления струнной $E$-функции канонического $3$-мерного торического многообразия Фано $X_{\Delta}$, ассоциированного с многогранником $\Delta$. С помощью этой формулы и струнного тождества Либгобера-Вуда получено обобщение комбинаторного тождества $\sum_{\substack{\theta \preceq \Delta\dim (\theta) =1}}v(\theta) \cdot v(\theta^*) = 24$, широко известного для случая $3$-мерных рефлексивных многогранников $\Delta$.
Библиография: 18 наименований.