bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The TESS–Keck Survey. XIX. A Warm Transiting Sub-Saturn-mass Planet and a Nontransiting Saturn-mass Planet Orbiting a Solar Analog
Authors: Hill Michelle L. , Kane Stephen R. , Dalba Paul A. , MacDougall Mason , Fetherolf Tara , Li Zhexing , Pidhorodetska Daria , Batalha Natalie M. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dressing Courtney , Fulton Benjamin , Howard Andrew W. , Huber Daniel , Isaacson Howard , Petigura Erik A. , Robertson Paul , Weiss Lauren M. , Behmard Aida , Beard Corey , Chontos Ashley , Dai Fei , Giacalone Steven , Hirsch Lea A. , Holcomb Rae , Lubin Jack , Mayo Andrew W. , Močnik Teo , Murphy Joseph M. Akana , Polanski Alex S. , Rosenthal Lee J. , Rubenzahl Ryan A. , Scarsdale Nicholas , Turtelboom Emma V. , Van Zandt Judah , Bieryla Allyson , Ciardi David R. , Eastman Jason D. , Falk Ben , Hesse Katharine M. , Latham David W. , Livingston John , Matson Rachel A. , Matthews Elisabeth , Ricker George R. , Rudat Alexander , Schlieder Joshua E. , Seager S. , Winn Joshua N.
Published: March 2024

The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) continues to increase dramatically the number of known transiting exoplanets, and is optimal for monitoring bright stars amenable to radial velocity (RV) and atmospheric follow-up observations. TOI-1386 is a solar-type (G5V) star that was detected via TESS photometry to exhibit transit signatures in three sectors with a period of 25.84 days. We conducted follow-up RV observations using Keck/High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES) as part of the TESS–Keck Survey, collecting 64 RV measurements of TOI-1386 with the HIRES spectrograph over 2.5 yr. Our combined fit of the TOI-1386 photometry and RV data confirm the planetary nature of the detected TESS signal, and provide a mass and radius for planet b of 0.148 ± 0.019 M
J and 0.540 ± 0.017 R
J, respectively, marking TOI-1386 b as a warm sub-Saturn planet. Our RV data further reveal an additional outer companion, TOI-1386 c, with an estimated orbital period of 227.6 days and a minimum mass of 0.309 ± 0.038 M
J. The dynamical modeling of the system shows that the measured system architecture is long-term stable, although there may be substantial eccentricity oscillations of the inner planet due to the dynamical influence of the outer planet.
Aperture and Resolution Effects on Ultraviolet Star-forming Properties: Insights from Local Galaxies and Implications for High-redshift Observations*
Authors: Clark Ilyse , Berg Danielle A. , Leitherer Claus , Arellano-Córdova Karla Z. , Sander Andreas A. C.
Published: March 2024

We present an analysis of the effects of spectral resolution and aperture scale on derived galaxy properties using far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectra of local star-forming galaxies from the International Ultraviolet Explorer (R ∼ 250, field of view (FOV) ∼ 10″ × 20″) and Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope (R ∼ 15,000, FOV ∼ 2.″5). Using these spectra, we measured FUV luminosities, spectral slopes, dust attenuation, and equivalent widths. We find that galaxies with one dominant stellar cluster have FUV properties that are independent of aperture size, while galaxies with multiple bright clusters are sensitive to the total light fraction captured by the aperture. Additionally, we find significant correlations between the strength of stellar and interstellar absorption lines and metallicity, indicating metallicity-dependent line-driven stellar winds and interstellar macroscopic gas flows shape stellar and interstellar spectral lines, respectively. The observed line strength versus metallicity relation of stellar-wind lines agrees with the prediction of population synthesis models for young starbursts. In particular, measurements of the strong stellar C iv
λλ1548, 1550 line provide an opportunity to determine stellar abundances as a complement to gas-phase abundances. We provide a relation between the equivalent width of the C iv line and the oxygen abundance of the galaxy. We discuss this relation in terms of the stellar-wind properties of massive stars. As the driving lines in stellar winds are mostly ionized iron species, the C iv line may eventually offer a method to probe α-element-to-iron ratios in star-forming galaxies once consistent models with nonsolar abundance ratios are available. These results have important implications for the galaxy-scale, low-resolution observations of high-redshift galaxies from JWST (R ∼ 100–3500).
JWST-MIRI Spectroscopy of Warm Molecular Emission and Variability in the AS 209 Disk
Authors: Romero-Mirza Carlos E. , Öberg Karin I. , Banzatti Andrea , Pontoppidan Klaus M. , Andrews Sean M. , Wilner David J. , Bergin Edwin A. , Czekala Ian , Law Charles J. , Salyk Colette , Teague Richard , Qi Chunhua , Bergner Jennifer B. , Huang Jane , Walsh Catherine , Guzmán Viviana V. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Aikawa Yuri , Bae Jaehan , Booth Alice S. , Cataldi Gianni , Ilee John D. , Le Gal Romane , Long Feng , Loomis Ryan A. , Menard François , Liu Yao
Published: March 2024

We present MIRI Medium-resolution Spectrograph observations of the large, multi-gapped protoplanetary disk around the T Tauri star AS 209. The observations reveal hundreds of water vapor lines from 4.9–25.5 μm toward the inner ∼1 au in the disk, including the first detection of rovibrational water emission in this disk. The spectrum is dominated by hot (∼800 K) water vapor and OH gas, with only marginal detections of CO2, HCN, and a possible colder water vapor component. Using slab models with a detailed treatment of opacities and line overlap, we retrieve the column density, emitting area, and excitation temperature of water vapor and OH, and provide upper limits for the observable mass of other molecules. Compared to MIRI spectra of other T Tauri disks, the inner disk of AS 209 does not appear to be atypically depleted in CO2 nor HCN. Based on Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph observations, we further find evidence for molecular emission variability over a 10 yr baseline. Water, OH, and CO2 line luminosities have decreased by factors of 2–4 in the new MIRI epoch, yet there are minimal continuum emission variations. The origin of this variability is yet to be understood.
Multiple Jets in the Bursting Protostar HOPS 373SW
Authors: Lee Seokho , Lee Jeong-Eun , Johnstone Doug , Herczeg Gregory J. , Aikawa Yuri
Published: March 2024

We present the outflows detected in HOPS 373SW, a protostar undergoing a modest 30% brightness increase at 850 μm. Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of shock tracers, including SiO 8–7, CH3OH 7k–6k, and 12CO 3–2 emission, reveal several outflow features around HOPS 373SW. The knots in the extremely high-velocity SiO emission reveal the wiggle of the jet, for which a simple model derives a 37° inclination angle of the jet to the plane of the sky, a jet velocity of 90 km s−1, and a period of 50 yr. The slow SiO and CH3OH emission traces U-shaped bow shocks surrounding the two CO outflows. One outflow is associated with the high-velocity jets, while the other is observed to be close to the plane of the sky. The misaligned outflows imply that previous episodic accretion events have either reoriented HOPS 373SW or that it is an unresolved protostellar binary system with misaligned outflows.
Upstream Plasma Waves and Downstream Magnetic Reconnection at a Reforming Quasi-parallel Shock
Authors: Lu Quanming , Guo Ao , Yang Zhongwei , Wang Rongsheng , Lu San , Chen Rui , Gao Xinliang
Published: March 2024

With the help of a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation model, we investigate the long-time evolution (near

100

Ω

i
0

−
1

, where Ω
i0 is the ion gyrofrequency in the upstream) of a quasi-parallel shock. Some of the upstream ions are reflected by the shock front, and their interactions with the incident ions excite low-frequency magnetosonic waves in the upstream. Detailed analyses have shown that the dominant wave mode is caused by the resonant ion–ion beam instability, and the wavelength can reach tens of ion inertial lengths. Although these plasma waves are directed toward the upstream in the upstream plasma frame, they are brought by the incident plasma flow toward the shock front, and their amplitude is enhanced during the approaching. The interaction of the upstream plasma waves with the shock leads to the cyclic reformation of the shock front, and the reformation period is slightly larger than 10

Ω

i
0

−
1

. When crossing the shock front, these large-amplitude plasma waves are compressed and evolve into current sheets in the transition region of the shock. At last, magnetic reconnection occurs in these current sheets, accompanying the generation of magnetic islands. Simultaneously, there still exist plasma waves of another kind, with the wavelength of several ion inertial lengths in the ramp of the shock, which are excited by the nonresonant ion–ion beam instability. The current sheets in the transition region are distorted and broken into several segments when the plasma waves of this kind are transmitted into the downstream, where magnetic reconnection and the generated islands have a much smaller size. No obvious ion flow can be observed around some X-lines produced in the magnetic reconnection, and this implies that electron-only reconnection may occur.
Persistent Homology Analysis for Solar Magnetograms
Authors: Santamarina Guerrero P. , Katsukawa Yukio , Toriumi Shin , Orozco Suárez D.
Published: March 2024

Understanding the magnetic fields of the Sun is essential for unraveling the underlying mechanisms driving solar activity. Integrating topological data analysis techniques into these investigations can provide valuable insights into the intricate structures of magnetic fields, enhancing our comprehension of solar activity and its implications. In this study, we explore what persistent homology can offer in the analysis of solar magnetograms, with the objective of introducing a novel tool that will serve as the foundation for further studies of magnetic structures at the solar surface. By combining various filtration methods of the persistent homology analysis, we conduct an analysis of solar magnetograms that captures the broad magnetic scene, involving a mixture of positive and negative polarities. This analysis is applied to observations of both quiet-Sun and active regions, taken with the Hinode/Solar Optical Telescope and SDO/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, respectively. Our primary focus is on analyzing the properties of the spatial structures and features of the magnetic fields identified through these techniques. The results show that persistent diagrams can encode the spatial structural complexity of the magnetic flux of active regions by identifying the isolated, connected, and interacting features. They facilitate the classification of active regions based on their morphology and the detection and quantification of interacting structures of opposing polarities, such as δ spots. The small-scale events in the quiet Sun, such as magnetic flux cancellation and emergence, are also revealed in persistent diagrams and can be studied by observing the evolution of the plots and tracking the relevant features.
Resolving Phase Transition Properties of Dense Matter through Tidal-excited g-mode from Inspiralling Neutron Stars
Authors: Miao Zhiqiang , Zhou Enping , Li Ang
Published: March 2024

The investigation of the phase state of dense matter is hindered by complications of first-principle nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics. By performing the first consistent general-relativistic calculations of tidal-excited g-mode of neutron stars with a first-order strong interaction phase transition in the high-density core, we demonstrate that the gravitational-wave signal during binary neutron star inspiral probes their innermost hadron-quark transition and provides potent constraints from present and future gravitational-wave detectors.
The Relationships between Active Galactic Nucleus Power and Molecular Gas Mass within 500 pc of the Center of Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Fujita Yutaka , Izumi Takuma , Nagai Hiroshi , Kawakatu Nozomu , Kawanaka Norita
Published: March 2024

The physical quantity that directly controls the feedback of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in elliptical galaxies remains to be determined. The discovery of molecular gas around the AGNs suggests that the gas is fueling the AGNs. Therefore, we analyze Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data for the CO line (J = 1–0, 2–1, 3–2) emission and estimate the mass of molecular gas within 500 pc of the center of 12 noncentral elliptical galaxies (NCEGs) and 10 of the brightest cluster galaxies. We find that the mass (M
mol ∼ 105–109
M
☉) is correlated with the jet power of their AGNs, which is represented by

P

cav

≈
4.1
×

10

42

(

M

mol

/

10

7

M

☉

)

1.3

erg

s

−
1

, although NCEGs alone do not show the correlation. We also find that M
mol is correlated with the AGN continuum luminosities at ∼1.4 GHz (L
1.4) and ∼100–300 GHz (L
con). Since P
cav reflects galactic-scale, long-term AGN activity, while the continuum luminosities reflect local (≲500 pc), short-term AGN activity, our results suggest that AGN activity depends on the amount of gas, regardless of its timescale. On the other hand, we cannot find a clear correlation between the mass of the black holes in the AGNs (M
BH) and P
cav. This suggests that M
mol, rather than M
BH, is the main factor controlling AGN activity. We confirm that the origin of the continuum emission from the AGNs at ∼1.4–300 GHz is mostly synchrotron radiation.
Sustainability of native maize family farms in Mexico: Current trends from a socio-agronomic perspective
Authors: Guevara-Hernández Francisco , Arias-Yero Iliana , La O-Arias Manuel Alejandro , Fonseca-Flores María de los Ángeles , Pinto-Ruiz René
Published: March 2024

The sustainability of family farms, or Family Production Units (FPUs), cultivating native maize varieties in Chiapas, Mexico, is intricately linked to economic, socio-productive, environmental, and cultural factors. Given their significance within the regional socio-productive framework, the objective of this study was to assess sustainability across environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The methodology employed for sustainability analysis was the Framework for Evaluation of Natural Resource Management Systems (MESMIS). Thirty FPUs were purposively selected from 14 communities spanning four municipalities and were typologically classified into three groups: Traditional, Maize Growers-Livestockers, and Diversified. In-depth interviews were conducted with individual farmers, complemented by group interviews involving entire families. The collected data underwent processing through multiple correspondence statistical analysis, analysis of variance for linear models, and multiple comparisons of means. The results indicated that the Diversified FPU group exhibited higher sustainability, covering 68% of the sustainability perimeter. Consequently, this group demonstrated better conditions for preserving native maize varieties over time and developing strategies to meet their needs concurrently. The Traditional FPU group covered 58%, while the Maize Growers-Livestockers group covered 52% of the sustainability perimeter. In conclusion, it was observed that family reproduction strategies, grounded in resource utilization (capitals), shape forms of nature appropriation that are continually reconfigured. These configurations play a pivotal role in defining the sustainability of FPUs engaged in native maize cultivation in the Frailesca region.
Assessing light and quality indicators of fodder at different levels of nitrogen fertilizer based on additive intercropping of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and vetch (Vicilia ervilia) under dryland farming
Authors: Neyestan Hossein , Abbasdokht Hamid , Gholami Ahmad
Published: March 2024

The intercropping system leads to increasing radiation use efficiency and quality indicators and improving the stability in the production of fodder plants. Intercropping and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers are the most effective methods to achieve sustainable agriculture goals. To investigate light and quality indicators of fodder obtained from barley and vetch additive intercropping at different levels of nitrogen fertilizer, a split plot experiment was performed with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and 4 replications in two experimental fields in Sisab and Shirvan, North Khorasan Province, Iran, during 2017–2018. The factor included nitrogen fertilizer at three levels (zero, 50 and 100 Kg.ha−1 (N0, N1 and N2)) and the subfactor included the combination of crops at four levels (barley pure cropping (I1), 15% vetch +100% barley (I2), 30% vetch +100% barley (I3) and 45% vetch + 100% barley (I4) additive intercropping). The results showed the highest fodder dry weight, absorbed radiation, radiation use efficiency, light extinction coefficient, ground cover percentage and leaf area index (LAI) in I3 and N2 in Sisab, and the lowest in I1 and N0 in Shirvan. Also, the highest crude protein (CP) was obtained from I4 and N2 in Shirvan, and the lowest crude protein was obtained from I1 and N0 in Sisab, which was inconsistent with neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The study results showed that increasing the percentage of vetch by 30% in intercropping and using nitrogen fertilizer led to increases in the indicators measured in the experiment.
A phytosaur osteoderm from a late middle Rhaetian bone bed of Bonenburg (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany): Implications for phytosaur extinction
Authors: Sander P. Martin , Wellnitz Paul W.
Published: March 2024

Although there are problematic earliest Jurassic records, phytosaurs are thought to have become extinct during the Rhaetian. A newly-discovered left paramedian phytosaur osteoderm from a clay pit in Bonenburg, Kreis Höxter, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, is the youngest, well-dated phytosaur record. This osteoderm was found in a bone bed (Bone Bed 2) in the Contorta Beds of the Rhaetian Exter Formation. Palynology constrains the age of Bone Bed 2 to the late middle Rhaetian (ca. 203.5 million years ago). The Bonenburg osteoderm cannot be assigned to any named species. It most closely resembles some osteoderms from the Rhaetian of Halberstadt in Central Germany. Phytosaurs survived in Europe to at least the late middle Rhaetian, probably falling victim to the end-Triassic extinction event about two million years later.
Generalized approximation spaces generation from $ \mathbb{I}_j $-neighborhoods and ideals with application to Chikungunya disease
Authors: Al-shami Tareq M. , Hosny M.
Published: March 2024

Rough set theory is an advanced uncertainty tool that is capable of processing sophisticated real-world data satisfactorily. Rough approximation operators are used to determine the confirmed and possible data that can be obtained by using subsets. Numerous rough approximation models, inspired by neighborhood systems, have been proposed in earlier studies for satisfying axioms of Pawlak approximation spaces (P-approximation spaces) and improving the accuracy measures. This work provides a formulation a novel type of generalized approximation spaces (G-approximation spaces) based on new neighborhood systems inspired by $ \mathbb{I}_j $-neighborhoods and ideal structures. The originated G-approximation spaces are offered to fulfill the axiomatic requirements of P-approximation spaces and give more information based on the data subsets under study. That is, they are real simulations of the P-approximation spaces and provide more accurate decisions than the previous models. Several examples are provided to compare the suggested G-approximation spaces with existing ones. To illustrate the application potentiality and efficiency of the provided approach, a numerical example for Chikungunya disease is presented. Ultimately, we conclude our study with a summary and direction for further research.
Dynamical behavior of solutions of a free boundary problem
Authors: Zhang Di , Sun Ningkui , Han Xuemei
Published: March 2024

This paper is concerned with the spreading properties for a reaction-diffusion equation with free boundary condition. We obtained a complete description of the long-time dynamical behavior of this problem. By introducing a parameter $ \sigma $ in the initial data, we revealed a threshold value $ \sigma^* $ such that spreading happens when $ \sigma > \sigma^* $ and vanishing happens when $ \sigma\leq \sigma^* $. There exists a unique $ L^* > 0 $ independent of the initial data such that $ \sigma^* = 0 $ if and only if the length of initial occupying interval is no smaller than $ 2L^* $. These theoretical results may have important implications for prediction and prevention of biological invasions.
À propos d’un ouvrage récent
Authors: El Hage Fadi
Published: March 2024

L’édition récente de deux Vies du comte de Plélo aux Presses universitaires de Rennes apporte un nouvel éclairage sur ce gentilhomme avant tout connu pour sa mort jugée à la fois tragique et imprudente, alors qu’il voulait secourir le roi Stanislas, bloqué à Dantzig par les troupes de l’empire russe. Plélo était également réputé pour sa bibliophilie. Était-elle un simple loisir ou l’avait-elle servi à forger sa pensée diplomatique et militaire ? Si tel était le cas, cette passion eut-elle un rôle dans sa mort ?
De la graine à la toile
Authors: Guégan Isabelle
Published: March 2024

Sous l’Ancien Régime, le chanvre occupe une place importante dans l’économie agraire de Basse-Bretagne en complément des bleds et de l’élevage. La majorité des tenues comprennent un petit courtil dédié à cette plante textile qui permet la fabrication de cordages, de toiles à voile, d’emballages, de vêtements et de linge de table ou de lit. Les inventaires après décès de la paroisse de Querrien permettent de suivre les différentes phases de production de cette plante depuis la graine jusqu’au rouissage dans l’eau jusqu’au travail de la fibre et sa transformation finale en toile ou corde.
Charles Quint, empereur polyglotte ?
Authors: D’Amico Juan Carlos
Published: March 2024

Cette contribution est consacrée à l’un des débats divisant les historiens spécialistes du règne de Charles Quint : la réelle capacité de l’empereur à maîtriser la langue latine ainsi que les langues européennes parlées par ses sujets. Pour beaucoup d’auteurs, le roi-empereur était un souverain polyglotte, alors que pour d’autres il avait été réticent à l’apprentissage des langues dans sa jeunesse et ne maîtrisait correctement que le français, sa langue naturelle, et l’espagnol, appris tardivement. Pour essayer d’apporter des éléments de clarification, on prendra en considération des témoignages de l’époque ainsi que les rares passages dans lesquels Charles Quint lui-même parle de la nécessité de l’apprentissage linguistique. On remettra en perspective certaines affirmations des premiers biographes de Charles Quint et l’on avancera l’hypothèse que le roi-empereur prit conscience de l’importance des langues pour la construction de son image et pour nourrir le respect de ses divers sujets envers sa personne. Pour étayer cette hypothèse, on s’attardera sur les années de formation de Charles Quint avant d’interroger les différents témoignages directs ou indirects ainsi que quelques travaux biographiques sur le roi-empereur.
Sprache als „Instrument“ der Administration
Authors: Telesko Werner
Published: March 2024

Le pluralisme linguistique, comme base du multiculturalisme habsbourgeois, est une caractéristique de l’époque de Marie-Thérèse à laquelle son successeur mit fin dans l’optique d’une politique de réforme axée autour du renforcement du centralisme qui marqua le début des conflits linguistiques pour la monarchie. Pour Marie-Thérèse, l’imposition de l’allemand comme langue devait avoir pour fonction de lier les États de la couronne entre eux et de représenter d’un point de vue pragmatique une force d’intégration, une lingua franca. Pour son fils, la fait d’imposer l’allemand comme langue administrative en 1784 – il remplace le latin considéré comme langue morte et donc inutile en Hongrie – doit permettre de créer un État unifié et centralisé. L’allemand est enseigné dans les lycées et à l’université, sauf pour la théologie, mais il ne s’agit pas d’une germanisation ou austriacisation forcée, plutôt d’une garantie de plus d’efficacité dans le fonctionnement de l’État ; il devient ainsi synonyme d’ascension sociale pour une partie de la population. La politique linguistique des Habsbourg dans la seconde moitié du xviiie siècle correspond à un processus de modernisation administrative à travers une standardisation et une centralisation accrues qui transforment les pluralités en polarités et qui se révèleront néfastes pour la monarchie aux siècles suivants.
Drilling Tools in Prehistoric China from the Perspective of Experimental Archaeology
Authors: Tang Bangcheng , Xue Yan
Published: March 2024

As a type of artifact commonly found in Chinese prehistoric sites, perforated shellfish materials can be classified into freshwater mussel materials and perforated seashell materials, and drilling tools can be classified into single and composite drilling tools. The experimental reconstruction of the two types of drilling tools and drilling methods explored the influence of the composition of drilling tools, drilling methods, and other factors on the drilling process. Meanwhile, the experiments were recorded and analyzed using a stereo microscope. The experimental results show that the composite drilling tools provide better drilling results and more dynamics than stone drill bits. The perforated weight stone stabilized the center of gravity and safeguarded the dynamic performance. The type of drilling tool, drilling method, and characteristics such as smoothness and hardness of perforated shellfish materials significantly impact the drilling effect.
Entrepreneurs’ Intention to Use Crowdfunding: Towards a Conceptual Framework of Technology Acceptance and Entrepreneurial Intention
Authors: Deepika D. M. R. , Gunawardana K. D. , Banda Weerakoon
Published: March 2024

Despite the popularity of crowdfunding throughout the World, there is a limited amount of academic research conducted to study user acceptance of crowdfunding, especially among entrepreneurs. This paper aims to propose a conceptual model for assessing entrepreneurs’ intention to use crowdfunding. To achieve the objective, the study searched and reviewed current literature on crowdfunding user acceptance in the Emerald and Lens.org databases. Initially, 128 articles were found, and the review was conducted with 37 articles selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Accordingly, this study proposes a conceptual model with the integration of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with the entrepreneurial intention model. The integration describes three main factors that affect user acceptance, such as technological factors, environmental factors, and individual factors. This paper tried to create a linkage with variables proposed in the model by providing propositions based on the literature. Future studies are needed to test the propositions in field research.
A predictive prototype for the identification of diseases relied on the symptoms described by patients
Authors: Nayak Suvendu Kumar , Garanayak Mamata , Swain Sangram Keshari
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: A thorough and timely investigation of any health-related problem is essential for disease prevention and treatment. The normal way of diagnosis may not be sufficient in the event of a serious illness problem. OBJECTIVE: Creating a medical diagnosis prototype that uses many machine learning processes to forecast any illness relied on symptoms explained by patients can lead to an errorless diagnosis as compared to the traditional ways. METHODS: We created a disease prediction prototype using ML techniques such as random forest, CART, multinomial linear regression, and KNN. The data set utilized for processing contained over 132 illnesses. Diagnosis algorithm outcomes the ailment that the person may be suffering from relied on the symptoms provided by the patients. RESULTS: When compared to CART and random forest (accuracy is 97.72%, multinomial linear regression and KNN produced the best outcomes. The accuracy of the KNN prediction and multinomial linear regression techniques was 98.76%. CONCLUSION: The diagnostic prototype can function as a doctor in the early detection of an illness, ensuring that medical care can begin in an appropriate time and many lives can be secured.
Aluminum Alloy, Alclad Sheet 3.8Cu - 1.0Mg - 0.30Mn - 0.60Zn (Alclad 2056-T3) Solution Heat Treated and Cold Worked
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: March 2024

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of sheet 0.063 to 0.236 inch (1.60 to 6.00 mm), incl, in thickness, clad on both sides (see 8.4).
Twenty years since the Madrid attacks. Spain’s anti-terrorist security issues
Authors: Izak Krzysztof
Published: March 2024

The aim of the article is to present the causes, chronological course and effects of the attack carried out on 11 March 2004 in Madrid, taking into account differences and contradictions in reports about these events. The author analyses the actions taken by the Spanish authorities to ensure anti-terrorist security in the country, including the creation of structures to fight Islamic terrorism and Muslim extremism. He also discusses the problems and challenges faced by Spanish services fighting political violence and illegal migration of people from high-risk countries, which affect the state of state security.
DeepSec: Deciding Equivalence Properties for Security Protocols -- Improved theory and practice
Authors: Cheval Vincent , Kremer Steve , Rakotonirina Itsaka
Published: March 2024

Automated verification has become an essential part in the security
evaluation of cryptographic protocols. In this context privacy-type properties
are often modelled by indistinguishability statements, expressed as behavioural
equivalences in a process calculus. In this paper we contribute both to the
theory and practice of this verification problem. We establish new complexity
results for static equivalence, trace equivalence and labelled bisimilarity and
provide a decision procedure for these equivalences in the case of a bounded
number of protocol sessions. Our procedure is the first to decide trace
equivalence and labelled bisimilarity exactly for a large variety of
cryptographic primitives -- those that can be represented by a subterm
convergent destructor rewrite system. We also implemented the procedure in a
new tool, DeepSec. We showed through extensive experiments that it is
significantly more efficient than other similar tools, while at the same time
raises the scope of the protocols that can be analysed.
Some theorems on fixed points in bi-complex valued metric spaces with an application to integral equations
Authors: Murali A. , Muthunagai K.
Published: March 2024

Recent studies have highlighted fixed point theorems in the context of bicomplex valued metric spaces, utilizing rational type contractions with coefficients defined by two-variable control functions. In our research, we extend these findings by proposing new theorems for identifying common fixed points within bicomplex valued metric spaces, employing rational type contractions characterized by three-variable control functions as coefficients. We have refined the contraction conditions presented in numerous existing theorems by substituting constants with a limited number of control functions for more versatility in bicomplex valued metric spaces. This advancement broadens the scope of several significant findings in the literature. To demonstrate the efficacy of our results, we offer compelling examples that validate our theorems. Furthermore, we apply our primary findings to effectively address the Urysohn integral equation system, showcasing the practical application of our research.
Methodology for verifying/determining the boundaries of Game Management Regions: a case study of the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Lublin (Poland)
Authors: Wójcik Maciej , Tajchman Katarzyna , Michalik-Śnieżek Malwina , Hanzal Vladimir
Published: March 2024

Wildlife management is an integral part of forest management, and game animals should be considered an essential part of the forest ecosystem and agroecosystems in which the flow of energy changed fundamentally during the 20th century due to the use of fertilisers, pesticides, and modern technologies. An approximately four-fold increase in the production of crops brought with it an increase in the number of ungulates in the world. The tasks of foresters and hunters in wildlife management include creating the best suitable living conditions for animals and mitigating conflicts between forest animals and human activities. This necessitates the creation and implementation of modern land units called Game Management Regions (GMRs) in Poland. This concept was defined in the Polish Hunting Law primarily for managing big game populations. The aim of the GMRs is to ensure year-long management of game populations within their respective ranges. Long-term Hunting Management Plans were developed for each GMR, serving as the basis for adopting management directions, and achieving the desired state of the game population as recorded in the multi-year plan (typically spanning ten years). However, experiences and the current situation reveal several weaknesses in the functioning of these divisions, including rapid changes in the environment, particularly the emergence of barriers like highways and new buildings. This research aimed to develop a method for determining or verifying the boundaries of the GMRs based on objective criteria as a case study hosted by the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Lublin. During the conducted analysis we examined data provided by the Regional Directorate of State Forests (RDSF) in Lublin, including information on the current density of red deer (Cervus elaphus), forest cover, forest patch fragmentation, categories of hunting districts, ecological corridors, as well as existing, under-construction and planned highways and expressways. The boundaries of the GMRs were determined by aggregating hunting districts with similar characteristics using GIS software while considering ecological barriers. The analysis results indicated the need to establish 12 divisions instead of 8, with significant deviations from the previous delimitation. The obtained results underscore the necessity of verifying the boundaries of the GMRs nationwide.
Keywords: large-scale game management; big game; Game Management Region; hunting plans
A Highly-efficient Lattice-based Post-Quantum Cryptography Processor for IoT Applications
Authors: Ye Zewen , Song Ruibing , Zhang Hao , Chen Donglong , Cheung Ray Chak-Chung , Huang Kejie
Published: March 2024

Lattice-Based Cryptography (LBC) schemes, like CRYSTALS-Kyber and CRYSTALS-Dilithium, have been selected to be standardized in the NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography standard. However, implementing these schemes in resourceconstrained Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices is challenging, considering efficiency, power consumption, area overhead, and flexibility to support various operations and parameter settings. Some existing ASIC designs that prioritize lower power and area can not achieve optimal performance efficiency, which are not practical for battery-powered devices. Custom hardware accelerators in prior co-processor and processor designs have limited applications and flexibility, incurring significant area and power overheads for IoT devices. To address these challenges, this paper presents an efficient lattice-based cryptography processor with customized Single-Instruction-Multiple-Data (SIMD) instruction. First, our proposed SIMD architecture supports efficient parallel execution of various polynomial operations in 256-bit mode and acceleration of Keccak in 320-bit mode, both utilizing efficiently reused resources. Additionally, we introduce data shuffling hardware units to resolve data dependencies within SIMD data. To further enhance performance, we design a dual-issue path for memory accesses and corresponding software design methodologies to reduce the impact of data load/store blocking. Through a hardware/software co-design approach, our proposed processor achieves high efficiency in supporting all operations in lattice-based cryptography schemes. Evaluations of Kyber and Dilithium show our proposed processor achieves over 10x speedup compared with the baseline RISC-V processor and over 5x speedup versus ARM Cortex M4 implementations, making it a promising solution for securing IoT communications and storage. Moreover, Silicon synthesis results show our design can run at 200 MHz with 2.01 mW for Kyber KEM 512 and 2.13 mW for Dilithium 2, which outperforms state-of-the-art works in terms of PPAP (Performance x Power x Area).
SDitH in Hardware
Authors: Deshpande Sanjay , Howe James , Szefer Jakub , Yue Dongze
Published: March 2024

This work presents the first hardware realisation of the Syndrome-Decodingin-the-Head (SDitH) signature scheme, which is a candidate in the NIST PQC process for standardising post-quantum secure digital signature schemes. SDitH’s hardness is based on conservative code-based assumptions, and it uses the Multi-Party-Computation-in-the-Head (MPCitH) construction. This is the first hardware design of a code-based signature scheme based on traditional decoding problems and only the second for MPCitH constructions, after Picnic. This work presents optimised designs to achieve the best area efficiency, which we evaluate using the Time-Area Product (TAP) metric. This work also proposes a novel hardware architecture by dividing the signature generation algorithm into two phases, namely offline and online phases for optimising the overall clock cycle count. The hardware designs for key generation, signature generation, and signature verification are parameterised for all SDitH parameters, including the NIST security levels, both syndrome decoding base fields (GF256 and GF251), and thus conforms to the SDitH specifications. The hardware design further supports secret share splitting, and the hypercube optimisation which can be applied in this and multiple other NIST PQC candidates. The results of this work result in a hardware design with a drastic reducing in clock cycles compared to the optimised AVX2 software implementation, in the range of 2-4x for most operations. Our key generation outperforms software drastically, giving a 11-17x reduction in runtime, despite the significantly faster clock speed. On Artix 7 FPGAs we can perform key generation in 55.1 Kcycles, signature generation in 6.7 Mcycles, and signature verification in 8.6 Mcycles for NIST L1 parameters, which increase for GF251, and for L3 and L5 parameters.
Masking Floating-Point Number Multiplication and Addition of Falcon
Authors: Chen Keng-Yu , Chen Jiun-Peng
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we provide the first masking scheme for floating-point number multiplication and addition to defend against recent side-channel attacks on Falcon’s pre-image vector computation. Our approach involves a masked nonzero check gadget that securely identifies whether a shared value is zero. This gadget can be utilized for various computations such as rounding the mantissa, computing the sticky bit, checking the equality of two values, and normalizing a number. To support the masked floating-point number addition, we also developed a masked shift and a masked normalization gadget. Our masking design provides both first- and higherorder mask protection, and we demonstrate the theoretical security by proving the (Strong)-Non-Interference properties in the probing model. To evaluate the performance of our approach, we implemented unmasked, first-order, and second-order algorithms on an Arm Cortex-M4 processor, providing cycle counts and the number of random bytes used. We also report the time for one complete signing process with our countermeasure on an Intel-Core CPU. In addition, we assessed the practical security of our approach by conducting the test vector leakage assessment (TVLA) to validate the effectiveness of our protection. Specifically, our TVLA experiment results for second-order masking passed the test in 100,000 measured traces.
Distribution of Signal to Noise Ratio and Application to Leakage Detection
Authors: Des Noes Mathieu
Published: March 2024

In the context of side-channel attacks, the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is a widely used metric for characterizing the information leaked by a device when handling sensitive variables. In this paper, we derive the probability density function (p.d.f.) of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the byte value and Hamming Weight (HW) models, when the number of traces per class is large and the target SNR is small. These findings are subsequently employed to establish an SNR threshold, guaranteeing minimal occurrences of false positives. Then, these results are used to derive the theoretical number of traces that are required to remain below pre-defined false negative and false positive rates. The sampling complexity of the T-test, ρ-test and SNR is evaluated for the byte value and HW leakage model by simulations and compared to the theoretical predictions. This allows to establish the most pertinent strategy to make use of each of these detection techniques.
STS 72/2018, de 9 de febrero: ¿Procede un giro de 180 grados en la restricción penal del derecho a la libertad de expresión?
Authors: García Álvarez Pastora
Published: March 2024

La nueva redacción recibida por el artículo 510.1 tras la reforma introducida en el Cp español por la LO 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, le otorga un contenido con el que se reabre la vieja polémica de la legitimidad del Derecho penal para limitar el ejercicio del derecho a la libertad de expresión. En la Exposición de Motivos de dicha ley nuestro legislador fundamenta el nuevo tenor de este precepto en la necesidad de ajustar nuestra regulación penal a las exigencias de la Decisión Marco 2008/913/JAI del Consejo, de 28 de noviembre de 2008, que, considera, no había sido traspuesta de forma adecuada. El objeto de este trabajo es analizar si efectivamente el nuevo tenor literal del artículo 510.1 a) Cp ha de dar lugar al cambio de la línea interpretativa que en dicha sentencia se refleja.
Memoria democrática y discurso de odio
Authors: Rollnert Liern Göran
Published: March 2024

Partiendo del conflicto entre las disposiciones de la Ley de Memoria Democrática que sancionan la apología del franquismo y las libertades ideológica y de expresión se aborda el intento del legislador de neutralizar cautelarmente la eventual inconstitucionalidad de dichas sanciones configurando una apología cualificada por el elemento adicional alternativo de “desprecio, menosprecio y humillación de la dignidad de las víctimas o de sus familiares” con la pretensión de incardinar la apología del franquismo en el marco del discurso del odio punible para legitimar constitucionalmente su sanción. Para ello se analiza la primera jurisprudencia constitucional sobre el discurso del odio,  las exigencias de incitación y peligro cierto como requisitos para su punición en la jurisprudencia posterior y la construcción de las infracciones administrativas de apología del franquismo sobre el modelo del art. 510.2 a) del Código Penal —lesión de la dignidad de las víctimas mediante acciones de humillación, menosprecio o descrédito— para concluir que el requisito de la humillación a las víctimas no garantiza una aplicación práctica de las previsiones legales sancionadoras sin erosionar el contenido constitucionalmente protegido de las libertades ideológica y de expresión como ejemplifican los casos de imposición de sanciones por actos contrarios a la memoria democrática.
discurso de odio y la protección de derechos fundamentales
Authors: Gómez Romero Miriam Judit
Published: March 2024

El discurso de odio tiene una intención discriminatoria que se dirige a una persona o a un colectivo que se encuentran en una situación de mayor vulnerabilidad frente al resto, este es el caso de los migrantes, refugiados y demandantes de asilo que sufren sistemáticamente este tipo de comportamientos. En los últimos años se ha registrado un aumento de los discursos de odio en todas las esferas de la vida cotidiana y también en la esfera pública. El articulo analiza los instrumentos legales que existen a nivel internacional, regional y nacional centrándose en las lagunas y barreras que obstaculizan una efectiva protección de los derechos fundamentales de las personas migrantes en España.  Se analizan así diferentes situaciones reales de personas migrantes en España y otras que no siendo migrantes pertenecen a colectivos vulnerables y que son claros ejemplos de discriminación por razón de nacionalidad, etnia, raza o contexto cultural, se observan y apuntan diversas conductas susceptibles de ser calificadas como delitos de odio haciendo una referencia al impacto del discurso de odio en las relaciones laborales
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA JURU PAKIR LIAR DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Busroh Firman Freaddy , Alfatiri Akrim Mualif , Indrawan Wawan , Joni Joni , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Parkir merupakan salah satu komponen atau aspek tak terpisahkan dalamkebutuhan sistem transportasi, karena setiap perjalanan dengan kendaraan pribadiumumnya selalu dimulai dan diakhiri di tempat parkir. Bentuk izin resmi penyelenggaraan parkir, adalah tempat parkir umum, tempat parkir insidentil, tempat parkir khusus, taman parkir, gedung parkir dan tempat parkir pool, dan Pungutan parkir Liar dikategorikan sebagai pungli bahwa Pungutan Parkir Liar merupakan pungli, Sanksi Pidana Pungutan Liar dalam Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) diatur dalam pasal Pasal 368 KUHP yang berbunyi: Barang siapa dengan maksud untuk menguntungkan diri sendiri atau orang lain secara melawan hukum, memaksa seorang dengan kekerasan atau ancaman kekerasan untuk memberikan barang sesuatu, yang seluruhnya atau sebagian adalah kepunyaan orang itu atau orang lain, atau supaya membuat hutang maupun menghapuskan piutang, diancam karena pemerasan dengan pidana penjara paling lama sembilan bulan.

Kata Kunci: Parkir, Pungli, Tindak Pidana.