bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Embryology of Two Species of Genus Lepidium (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Yankova-Tsvetkova Elina , Semerdjieva Ivanka B. , Nikolova Rozalia , Zheljazkov Valtcho D.
Published: April 2018

Some species of genus Lepidium of the family Brassicaceae are ruderal plants, and they can grow well on less fertile soils and may have potential as oilseed crops for marginal lands. To develop cultivation techniques for wild species, the reproductive capacity of the species needs to be revealed. The objective of this work was embryological study of two Lepidium species (L. campestre and L. ruderale). As a result of the study, the main features of male and female generative spheres were established. Male generative sphere: The anther is tetrasporangiate and its wall, the development of which follows the monocotyledonous-type, consists of epidermis, endothecium, one middle layer, and glandular tapetum. Predominantly, tetrahedral microspore tetrads form after simultaneous type of microsporogenesis. The mature pollen grains are two-celled. Female generative sphere: The mature ovule is ana-amphytropous, crassinucellate, and bitegmic with unicellular archesporium that functions as a megaspore mother cell without cutting off of parietal cells. The development of the embryo sac follows the polygonum-type development. The embryo and endosperm develop after the onagrad-type embryogenesis. The established peculiarities of the reproductive biology characterize the studied species as sexually reproducing taxa that guarantee the stability of size of their populations. This is important for the conservation of these species as part of the Bulgarian flora biodiversity given their status of valuable medicinal plants. The data obtained will contribute to the knowledge of the embryological characteristic of genus Lepidium. The results contribute to the understanding of Lepidium biology and potential development of Lepidium species as oilseed cash crops for marginal lands.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO ROMÂNTICA À CRÍTICA DA CULTURA PUNITIVISTA NA CONTEMPORÂNEA SOCIEDADE CAPITALISTA
Authors: Carraretto Coelho Breno , Krohling Aloísio
Published: April 2018

Este ensaio critica o atual estado do saber jurídico-penal dominante legitimador da barbárie em que se perfaz o sistema penal a partir das críticas do romantismo revolucionário, tratado por Michael Löwy e Robert Sayre na obra "Revolta e melancolia", apontando os diversos artefatos da sociedade capitalista industrial contemporânea que fundam uma cultura punitivista e impossibilitam um maior apego aos direitos humanos. A análise ainda tem como base a produção teórica de autores como Benjamin, Marx, Engels, Agamben, Anitua e Carvalho
O ENQUADRAMENTO JURISDICIONAL DO ESQUECIMENTO E O DIREITO À MEMÓRIA
Authors: Bezerra dos Santos Tassiana , Regis Toscano Stéfano Gonçalves
Published: April 2018

A declaração do esquecimento como direito de personalidade pelo STJ abre espaço para uma discussão que está além de um campo puramente jurídico, inclusive, a colocação de um debate com o direito e até mesmo o dever de memória. Dessa forma, será necessário tratar a memória nos seus aspectos pessoais e coletivos. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar que a análise de tais questões demanda o apoio inequívoco da filosofia.
PROJECT FINANCING AS A TOOL FOR REGIONAL PROJECT LENDING
Authors: Переверзева В. , Pereverzeva V.
Published: April 2018

Further development of single-industry towns, as well as solution of their acute socio-economic issues demand modernization, redevelopment of city-forming enterprises on an innovative basis, formation of a new «image», all of which is impossible without attracting significant financial resources. In the conditions of limited budget financing, aggravated by the necessity to implement major investment projects, only the most effective methods of financing investment activities should be applied in single-industry urban environment. It is justified that in monocities, whose economy is characterized by a high level of risks, it is advisable to use such method as project financing for financing investment processes. World experience in managing the economy in risky and crisis situations shows that project financing is the most effective and sustainable form of financing, which justifies the significant legal and administrative costs inherent to its implementation. Regional analysis of the world market of project financing allows us to conclude that this form of financing is especially useful for countries and regions with underdeveloped institutions.
DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AS A TOOL FOR DIVERSIFYING THE ECONOMY OF A MONOTOWN
Authors: Юрьева Т. , Yurieva T.
Published: April 2018

The current study shows that the development projects for single-industry towns should provide a close relationship between the goals of strategic development, public expenditure, final results, as well as the principles and tools of the project approach. The paper introduces a classification of development projects for monotowns. Such projects, if oriented to innovative development, are often implemented within the framework of an anti-crisis strategy, limited investment resources, and a lack of qualified specialists in the field of project management. Effective project management, especially development projects, requires skilled personnel with modern competences in project management. Personal competences of the stuff should comprise behavioral (leadership, ethics, etc.), contextual (project orientation, finances, etc.) and technological abilities (requirements and targets of the project, concerned parties, risks, etc.). Such competencies, consistent with international standards in the field of project management, will effectively manage by the development projects for monotowns in the conditions of constant changes, an increased level of risks and insufficient development of institutions
FORMATION OF KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY IN A RESOURCE-EXTRACTING REGION: THE ROLE OF THE FLAGSHIP UNIVERSITY
Authors: Жернов Е. , Zhernov E.
Published: April 2018

The subject of the study is the role of the flagship university in the formation of knowledge economy in a resource-extracting region. The aim of the research is to reveal the role of the flagship university in the development of a resource-extracting region towards the knowledge economy via its basic social and economic functions, defined by the urgent needs of the local community, according to the local natural and economic specifics. The research employed some elements of system analysis. The study results: the study has
revealed some development components, critical for innovative development of Kuzbass, which is a typical resource-extracting region, influenced by its flagship university; the role of the flagship university in the formation of knowledge economy via the definition
of its social and economic functions has been revealed; a belief-creative mission of university education in a knowledge-based society has been established. The results can be used in the development planning of higher education in the Kemerovo region.
Conclusions: 1. The critical components of regional development, which are influenced by the flagship university, embrace human resources, as well as measures to transform social infrastructure; natural resources together with ecology; cultural and demographic
resources of development. 2. New models of university education combine the processes of market economy and the traditional socio-cultural functions of the university, important for the socialization of the knowledge economy. 3. The social function of the flagship
university is due to its main traditional function of forming a modern picture of the world among students and primarily consists in creating a solid foundation for demographic growth in the region. 4. The economic function of the flagship university is, first of all, in teaching practical skills that would enable students to join the regional production and economic activities immediately after graduation
Investigating the variability of GCMs' simulations using time series analysis
Authors: Zolghadr-Asli Babak , Bozorg-Haddad Omid , Sarzaeim Parisa , Chu Xuefeng
Published: April 2018

The natural vulnerability to the climate change phenomenon due to the unique topographic and climatic conditions in the Middle East adds significance to an already important issue of evaluating the simulations of general circulation models (GCMs) in this region. To this end, this study employed time series analysis to evaluate GCMs' simulations, in terms of the air temperature variable, with regard to the observed climatic behaviors of Karkheh River basin, Iran. Resultantly, each of the GCMs' time series was broken down into three principal components (i.e., periodicity, trend, and stochastic component), and each component was analyzed accordingly. Results demonstrated that the simulations from different models significantly differed. Even though some models like CSIR-MK3.5 and INGV-SXG outperformed others in representing an accurate estimation of the historical climatic behavior of the southern plains of the Karkheh River, the GCMs could not provide a realistic simulation of the historical climatic behavior for the topographically challenging areas, like the northern mountainous parts of the basin. It should be noted that while the results from such analyses would shed light on the variability of the GCMs' simulations in regional-scale studies, the results, under no circumstances, provide evidence indicating that one model is more accurate than another.
The prevalence and diversity of AmpC β-lactamase genes in plasmids from aquatic systems
Authors: Coertze Roelof Dirk , Bezuidenhout Cornelius Carlos
Published: April 2018

This study aimed to investigate the presence and diversity of AmpC β-lactamase and integrase genes among DNA (genomic and plasmid) from bacterial populations in selected aquatic systems. Following an enrichment step, DNA was isolated and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digital droplet PCR. The intI1 gene and AmpC β-lactamase genes were present in genomic and plasmid DNA from all sites in the Mooi, Crocodile and Marico Rivers, with the exception of intI1 in the Marico River. Digital droplet PCR demonstrated that copy numbers varied considerably (0.0 to 29.38 copies per picogram of DNA). Some samples in which ampC was not detected, intI1 was present. Amplicons of ampC genes were subjected to restriction digest using HindIII. Samples where the restriction markers were absent were purified by cloning followed by plasmid extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing of individual AmpC gene fragments. Phylogenetic analysis identified all positive AmpC genes as Class C β-lactamases, comprising of ampC, CMY- and ACT-families. Detecting AmpC and intl1 genes on plasmids suggests a high risk of horizontal gene transfer and potential dissemination of these and other antibiotic resistance genes surrounding immediate aquatic environments. Consequences of β-lactamase diversity in aquatic ecosystems are relatively unexplored in South African aquatic ecosystems.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity among Tabuk Citizens in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gutierrez Jeneth , Alloubani Aladeen , Mari Mohammad , Alzaatreh Mohammad
Published: April 2018

Background:

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is considered as the main cause of death worldwide. Identifying the links among CVDs risk factors can help decrease CVD-related deaths.

Aim:

To assess the prevalence of risk factors for CVD and their relationships among the Tabuk City population in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A cross-sectional design was used; 432 participants in the Tabuk region were included in this study.

Results:

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 5.6%, the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) was 11.1% and obesity and overweight together were 69.9%. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI), HTN, and DM increased with age. There was a correlation between BMI with HTN (r=.200, p<.001), BMI and DM (r=.149, p<.001) and DM and HTN (r=.366, p<.001).

Conclusion:

Public awareness may help in reducing the prevalence of CVD.
Probiotics Strains Modulate Gut Microbiota and Lipid Metabolism in Mule Ducks
Authors: Even Maxime , Davail Stéphane , Rey Mikael , Tavernier Annabelle , Houssier Marianne , Bernadet Marie Dominique , Gontier Karine , Pascal Géraldine , Ricaud Karine
Published: April 2018

Background:

Livestock production should respond to societal, environmental and economic changes. Since 2006 and the ban on antibiotics as growth factors in European Union, the use of probiotics has become widespread and has demonstrated the effect of intestinal microbiota on the performance of farm animals.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementation withLactobacillus salivarius(as a probiotics strain or combined with other strains) on zootechnical performance, metabolic and immune gene expression and intestinal microbiota diversity in mule ducks using high-throughput sequencing and real-time PCR.

Method:

The mule ducks were reared for 79 days and overfed for 12 days with or without probiotics. Samples were collected at 14 (starting period) and 91 days (end of overfeeding period), 3 hours post feeding.

Results:

Irrespective of digestive content, age, level of feed intake or supplementation with probiotics,Firmicutes,ProteobacteriaandBacteroideteswere the dominant phyla in the bacterial community in mule ducks. At 14 days, both the ileal and cecal samples were dominated byFirmicutes(in particular theClostridialesorder). Overfeeding induced a shift betweenClostridialesandLactobacillalesin the ileal samples whereas in the cecal samples, the relative abundance ofFirmicutesdecreased. Overfeeding also induced hepatic over-expression of Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) and of the lipid transporter gene Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 (FABP4). This increase in lipid metabolism genes is associated with a decrease in inflammatory response.

Conclusion:

Finally, probiotic supplementation had only a slight impact on gene expression and microbiota diversity, both at 14 days and after overfeeding.
ICT IN TEACHER EDUACTION: NEED OF THE HOUR
Authors: Kaur Mrs. Amandeep
Published: April 2018

The major aim of the Teacher Education is to prepare reflective teachers who possess the professional knowledge, skills, technological know-how and dispositions necessary for teaching effectively to students in a diverse and global society. The role of teacher is changing so fast that no amount of pre-service and in-service teacher education can probably cope up with expectations of the society. Information and communication technologies are major factor in shaping the new global economy and producing rapid changes in the society. ICT tools have produced significant transformations in industry, agriculture, medicine, business and engineering. They also have the potential to transform the nature of education. Teacher education institutions may assume a leadership role in the transformation of education.
Gender Moderates the Partial Mediation of Impulsivity in the Relationship Between Psychiatric Distress and Problematic Online Gaming: Online Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Su Wenliang , Király Orsolya , Demetrovics Zsolt , Potenza Marc N
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Research has shown that some individuals can develop problematic patterns of online gaming, leading to significant psychological and interpersonal problems. Psychiatric distress and impulsivity have been suggested to contribute to problematic online gaming (POG).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating or moderating mechanisms of impulsivity and gender-related differences in possible associations between psychiatric distress and POG.

METHODS

A total of 596 matched female and male participants, ranging in age from 14 to 38 years (mean 21.4, SD 4.5), were chosen from a large cross-sectional, nationwide Hungarian online gaming sample. Participants completed online questionnaires about self-reported impulsivity, psychiatric distress, and POG.

RESULTS

Psychiatric distress directly predicted POG, and impulsivity partially mediated the relationship between psychiatric distress and POG. However, this mediation effect was found only for the impatience factor of impulsivity. Impulsivity did not moderate the relationship between psychiatric distress and POG. A moderating effect of gender was not found in the direct relationship between psychiatric distress and POG. However, a moderated mediation analysis revealed that impatience mediated the association between psychiatric distress and POG in males, whereas the indirect effect of impatience was not significant in females.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this work highlight gender-related difference among online gamers in the mediation effect of impulsivity between psychiatric distress and POG and provide novel insights regarding clinical implications for preventing or treating POG.
Virtual Reality Clinical Research: Promises and Challenges (Preprint)
Authors: Garrett Bernie , Taverner Tarnia , Gromala Diane , Tao Gordon , Cordingley Elliott , Sun Crystal
Published: April 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

Virtual Reality (VR) therapy has been explored as a therapeutic approach in a number of medical applications, where three dimensional virtual environments can be explored in real time. Some significant successes have been claimed. A number of studies have asserted positive outcome for patients using VR for clinical conditions such as anxiety disorders, addictions, phobias, post-traumatic stress disorder, eating disorders, stroke rehabilitation, and pain management. Nevertheless, the implementation of clinical VR research outside of the laboratory presents many clinical challenges. This paper explores some of the key issues in implementing clinical VR research including theoretical ambiguity and immaturity, a lack of technical standards, problems of media vs. medium, practical in-vivo issues and costs. It is argued that careful attention to addressing these issues in research design and pilot studies are needed, in order to make clinical VR research more rigorous and meaningful.
Daily Smartphone Overdependence Screening Model using Support Vector Machine (Preprint)
Authors: Park Jihwan , Rho Mi Jung , Yook In Hye , Choi Mun Joo , Kim Dai-Jin , Choi In Young
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Smartphone overdependence has caused many social problems. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to screen and identify smartphone overdependence before it becomes a serious issue.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to developed a daily smartphone overdependence screening model using a Support Vector Machine (SVM).

METHODS

We used smartphone application usage time and frequency data from 224 participants whose ages ranged from their 20s to their 40s. We classified the participants into two groups the smartphone usage control group (SUC) and the smartphone usage disorder addiction group (SUD) using the Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (K-SAPS) for Adults. We built a 3-dimensional tensor as the input of machine learning training. This study used the SVM to develop a daily smartphone overdependence screening model. We compared the model performance between the SVM, the Artificial Neural Network(ANN) and the Logistic Regression.

RESULTS

We identified the frequency of smartphone application usage, age, and marital status as the dominant features of screening smartphone overdependence. Using these features as the inputs of the SVM machine learning model showed a 90% of accuracy for the smartphone overdependence screening.

CONCLUSIONS

We developed a SVM model, which is a tool for self-control of smartphone daily usage. As a pre-testing tool before visiting a mental health clinic. The SVM model is a powerful analysis method for smartphone overdependence screening. Notably, psychiatry studies have used the SVM when identifying a psychiatric disease. We suggest using the SVM model for smartphone overdependence screening as a smartphone application or intervention system for smartphone dependency management.
Training Cognitive Functions Using Mobile Apps in Breast Cancer Patients: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Vergani Laura , Marton Giulia , Pizzoli Silvia Francesca Maria , Monzani Dario , Mazzocco Ketti , Pravettoni Gabriella
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer is an invalidating disease and its treatment can bring serious side effects that have a physical and psychological impact. Specifically, cancer treatment generally has a strong impact on cognitive function. In recent years, new technologies and eHealth have had a growing influence on health care and innovative mobile apps can be useful tools to deliver cognitive exercise in the patient’s home.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review gives an overview of the state-of-the-art mobile apps aimed at training cognitive functions to better understand whether these apps could be useful tools to counteract cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients.

METHODS

We searched in a systematic way all the full-text articles from the PubMed and Embase databases.

RESULTS

We found eleven studies using mobile apps to deliver cognitive training. They included a total of 819 participants. App and study characteristics are presented and discussed, including cognitive domains trained (attention, problem solving, memory, cognitive control, executive function, visuospatial function, and language). None of the apps were specifically developed for breast cancer patients. They were generally developed for a specific clinical population. Only 2 apps deal with more than 1 cognitive domain, and only 3 studies focus on the efficacy of the app training intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

These results highlight the lack of empirical evidence on the efficacy of currently available apps to train cognitive function. Cognitive domains are not well defined across studies. It is noteworthy that no apps are specifically developed for cancer patients, and their applicability to breast cancer should not be taken for granted. Future studies should test the feasibility, usability, and effectiveness of available cognitive training apps in women with breast cancer. Due to the complexity and multidimensionality of cognitive difficulties in this cancer population, it may be useful to design, develop, and implement an ad hoc app targeting cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients.
Sentiment Analysis of Health Care Tweets: Review of the Methods Used (Preprint)
Authors: Gohil Sunir , Vuik Sabine , Darzi Ara
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Twitter is a microblogging service where users can send and read short 140-character messages called “tweets.” There are several unstructured, free-text tweets relating to health care being shared on Twitter, which is becoming a popular area for health care research. Sentiment is a metric commonly used to investigate the positive or negative opinion within these messages. Exploring the methods used for sentiment analysis in Twitter health care research may allow us to better understand the options available for future research in this growing field.

OBJECTIVE

The first objective of this study was to understand which tools would be available for sentiment analysis of Twitter health care research, by reviewing existing studies in this area and the methods they used. The second objective was to determine which method would work best in the health care settings, by analyzing how the methods were used to answer specific health care questions, their production, and how their accuracy was analyzed.

METHODS

A review of the literature was conducted pertaining to Twitter and health care research, which used a quantitative method of sentiment analysis for the free-text messages (tweets). The study compared the types of tools used in each case and examined methods for tool production, tool training, and analysis of accuracy.

RESULTS

A total of 12 papers studying the quantitative measurement of sentiment in the health care setting were found. More than half of these studies produced tools specifically for their research, 4 used open source tools available freely, and 2 used commercially available software. Moreover, 4 out of the 12 tools were trained using a smaller sample of the study’s final data. The sentiment method was trained against, on an average, 0.45% (2816/627,024) of the total sample data. One of the 12 papers commented on the analysis of accuracy of the tool used.

CONCLUSIONS

Multiple methods are used for sentiment analysis of tweets in the health care setting. These range from self-produced basic categorizations to more complex and expensive commercial software. The open source and commercial methods are developed on product reviews and generic social media messages. None of these methods have been extensively tested against a corpus of health care messages to check their accuracy. This study suggests that there is a need for an accurate and tested tool for sentiment analysis of tweets trained using a health care setting–specific corpus of manually annotated tweets first.
Usage of a Digital Health Workplace Intervention Based on Socioeconomic Environment and Race: Retrospective Secondary Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Senecal Conor , Widmer R Jay , Bailey Kent , Lerman Lilach O , Lerman Amir
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Digital health tools have been associated with improvement of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and outcomes; however, the differential use of these technologies among various ethnic and economic classes is not well known.

OBJECTIVE

To identify the effect of socioeconomic environment on usage of a digital health intervention.

METHODS

A retrospective secondary cross-sectional analysis of a workplace digital health tool use, in association with a change in intermediate markers of CVD, was undertaken over the course of one year in 26,188 participants in a work health program across 81 organizations in 42 American states between 2011 and 2014. Baseline demographic data for participants included age, sex, race, home zip code, weight, height, blood pressure, glucose, lipids, and hemoglobin A1c. Follow-up data was then obtained in 90-day increments for up to one year. Using publicly available data from the American Community Survey, we obtained the median income for each zip code as a marker for socioeconomic status via median household income. Digital health intervention usage was analyzed based on socioeconomic status as well as age, gender, and race.

RESULTS

The cohort was found to represent a wide sample of socioeconomic environments from a median income of US $11,000 to $171,000. As a whole, doubling of income was associated with 7.6% increase in log-in frequency. However, there were marked differences between races. Black participants showed a 40.5% increase and Hispanic participants showed a 57.8% increase in use with a doubling of income, compared to 3% for Caucasian participants.

CONCLUSIONS

The current study demonstrated that socioeconomic data confirms no relevant relationship between socioeconomic environment and digital health intervention usage for Caucasian users. However, a strong relationship is present for black and Hispanic users. Thus, socioeconomic environment plays a prominent role only in minority groups that represent a high-risk group for CVD. This finding identifies a need for digital health apps that are effective in these high-risk groups.
Selection of Yeast Strains for Ethanol Fermentation of Glucose-FructoseSucrose Mixture
Authors: Jasman J. , Prijambada Irfan Dwidya , Hidayat Chusnul , Widianto Donny
Published: April 2018

This study was aimed to compare the ability of some yeast strains to consume sugars (sucrose, glucoseand fructose) and to convert them into ethanol during fermentation. The results of this comparison will be thebasis of considerations in choosing the right strain to be used as a mixed culture to increase the productionof ethanol from substrate containing a mixture of sucrose, glucose and fructose, such as juice of cane andsweet sorghum. The study was conducted using fermentation in substrate consisting of glucose, fructose,and sucrose separately, glucose-fructose mixture, and glucose-fructose-sucrose mixture using some yeaststrains: FNCC3012, OUT7009, OUT7027, OUT7055, OUT7080, OUT7096, OUT7903, OUT7913, and OUT7921.Following the fermentation, analysis of the produced ethanol and the remaining sugar was conducted. Theresults of study indicated that the strains with the highest substrate consumption were OUT7921, OUT7096,OUT7055, OUT7027, and OUT7913 for glucose, fructose, glucose-fructose mixture, sucrose, and glucosefructose-sucrose mixture, respectively. Strains that produced highest concentration ethanol were OUT7096 inglucose and sucrose substrates, OUT7921 in substrate of glucose-fructose mixture and sucrose, OUT7913 insubstrate of glucose-fructose-sucrose mixture. Upon consideration of each strain capacity, both in consumingsugar and producing ethanol, the recommended strains for use in mixed culture in bioethanol fermentationusing mixed substrate of glucose, fructose and sucrose are OUT7096, OUT7913, and OUT7921.
Determination of Haemaglutinin and Gene Encoding Fibronectin Binding Proteins Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Dairy Milk Cows
Authors: Pratomo Feny Prabawati , Salasia Siti Isrina Oktavia , Tato Syarifudin
Published: April 2018

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy milk cows. Themastitis has immense economical impacts, where it reduces of the quantity and quality of milk production.The aims of the research were to analyse haemaglutinin and gene encoding fbronectin binding proteins.Nineteen Staphylococcus aureus isolates used in the present study were isolated from dairy milk cows fromYogyakarta, Solo, Boyolali and Sumedang. The haemagluitinin of S. aureus were determined based onhaemaglutination reaction to erythrocytes of rabbit. Detection of gene encoding fbronectin binding proteinscould be performed with specifc primers using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results of studiesshowed that most of S. aureus (78,95%) expressed haemaglutinin based on their ability to aglutinate rabbiterythrocytes. Analysis of gene encoding fbronectin binding proteins of S. aureus revealed gene fnbA withsize of approximately 1300 bp for 57,89% isolates, gene fnbB with size of approximately 900 bp for 31,58%isolates and both of gene fnbA and fnbB could be detected for 31,58% isolates. The characters of S. aureusbased on haemaglutinin, gene fnbA and fnbB of the present study could be used as an information to controlof S. aureus infection in dairy herds.
Apoptosis and Phagocytosis Activity of Macrophages Infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resistant and Sensitive Isoniazid Clinical Isolates
Authors: Rachmawaty Farida J. , Wibawa Tri , Soesatyo Marsetyawan H. N. E.
Published: April 2018

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is the main causative pathogen that cause the pulmonary tuberculosis.Intracellular M.tb was reported able to induce macrophages apoptosis, which may have crucial role in the regulationof immun response against M.tb infection. As an intracellular bacteria, M.tb able to live and replicate withinmacrophages. Phagocytosis is the first step to achieved this condition. The induction of macrophages apoptosis byINH resistant and sensitive M.tb clinical isolates, and H37Rv was studied. The macrophages apoptosis level weremeasured using an Ag-capture ELISA for histone and fragmented DNA (Cell Death Detection ELISAplus, RocheDiagnostic GmBH). Phagocytosis activity also analyzed, after staining using fluorescence dye (AcriFluorTM, ScientificDevice Lab.). The results showed that there was no significantly different between INH resistant and sensitive M.tbclinical isolates in respect their ability to induce apoptosis. The phagocytosis activity among the clinical isolates wasshown to be strain dependent, and undistinguishable between the Mtb clinical isolates. There was no associationbetween macrophages apoptosis level and the phagocytosis activity. These data suggested that among the virulentMtb clinical isolates, the ability to induce macrophages apoptosis and phagocytosis were consistently in comparablelevel
Detection of eae, bfpA, espA Genes on Diarrhoeagenic Strains of Escherichia coli Isolates
Authors: Harti Agnes Sri , Iravati Susi , Asmara Widya
Published: April 2018

The Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of pathogenic strain of diarrheagenic E. coli group in children andinfant that occurs in developing countries. The significant virulence factors in pathogenic EPEC are eaeA (E. coli attachingeffacing), bfpA (bundle-forming pilus A) and espA (encoding secreted protein A) genes. The use of DNA probes to detect thevirulence genes in E. coli in Indonesia is not common yet. In this experiment the gene fragments of eae, bfpA, and espA were usedas probes to detect the EPEC among E. coli isolates from stool specimensin of diarrheic children attending Public Health Centersin Yogyakarta. The DNA samples were isolated from 49 diarrheagenic E. coli isolates. The DNA probes of eae, bfpA and espAwere obtained by amplification of DNA fragment of EPEC O126 using PCR technique. Furthermore, those probes were used toidentify the presence of those genes among E. coli isolates using hybridization technique. The results showed that 42 (85.7%)isolates were espA+, 25 isolates (51%) were eaeA+ (EPEC strains). Therefore among 25 isolates of EPEC, 20 isolates (80 %)among EPEC were bfpA+ (typical EPEC strains).Keywords : DNA probe, eae, bfpA, espA, EPEC.
Production and Extraction Of Antibacterial Bacteriocin from Pediococcus sp. NWD 015
Authors: Nofisulastri N. , Bachruddin Zaenal , Harmayani Eni
Published: April 2018

objectives were to study the growth pattern of Pediococcus sp. NWD 015 and bacteriocin activity, extractionand characterization of bacteriocin, and to determine the effect of storage time and temperature on bacteriocinactivity. Results showed that the bacteriocin activity increased during growth and reached the highest activity duringstationary phase. The maximum bacteriocin production reached after incubation of the cell for 12 h at 37oC in TGEbroth and decreased after 96 h incubation. Extraction with adsorbtion-desorbtion method could increased a specificactivity of bacteriocin. Bacteriocin from Pediococcus sp. NWD 015 is inactivated by Proteinase-K; however it is stillactive by heat treatment at 121oC for 15 min and over pH 2 – 11. Bacteriocin of Pediococcus sp. NWD 015 was effectiveagaints Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli, Listeria monocytogenes but not against Salmonellathypimurium. The molecular weight of bacteriocin is 4.95 kDa.Keywords : Bacteriocins, Pediococcus sp NWD 015.
Reactive Oxygen Intermediate (ROI) in Dog Macrophage Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Tjahajati Ida
Published: April 2018

experiment used 24 healthy dogs, aged between 1 and 2 years, both male and female which were divided into twodifferent groups consisting of 12 dogs each. The first group was the treatment group, that is they were infected with Mtuberculosis and the second one was the control group. The activity of macrophages ROI secretion were measured at1st, 2nd, 12th, and 24th after infection using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay. Three cats were used to measure themacrophage activity in each period, using triplicate sample for each cat. The results of the experiment showed thatROI secretion increased in infected group compared with the control group, and this activity reached to the plateaulevel at 2 weeks after infection. Although these enhanced activities were gradually diminished thereafter, higherlevels of these activities were consistently observed until the end of experiment compared with control group. Theresults of the experiment indicated that ROI played an important role to against M.tuberculosis infection in dogs.Keyword: macrophage, ROI, M.tuberculosis, dogs
Clinical and economic benefits of advanced microplegia delivery system in cardiac surgery: evidence from 250 hospitals
Authors: Gerdisch Marc W , Robinson Scott , David Guy , Makepeace Stephanie , Ryan Michael P , Gunnarsson Candace
Published: April 2018

Aim:Determine the impact of a second generation microplegia delivery system (MPS2) compared with traditional cardioplegia.Materials &  methods:Multivariable difference-in-differences analysis using fixed effects was performed for each outcome: adverse event (AE) composite, total visit cost, medication cost, length of stay (LOS) and  intensive care unit (ICU) days.Results:A 2.25% absolute risk reduction in AE composite was found with MPS2 compared with traditional cardioplegia, which equates to relative risk reduction of 5.25%. Significant reductions in LOS and ICU days (0.1 α level). Per case reduction of US$1231 total visit and US$192 medication costs were found in MPS2 hospitals.Conclusion:For hospitals with MPS2, significant reductions were seen in AEs, LOS and ICU days, which lead to reductions in total visit and medication costs.
Componentes mental y físico en universitarios con obesidad
Authors: Flórez Aristizábal Laura Victoria , Gonzalez-Correa Clara Helena
Published: April 2018

La obesidad se correlaciona con comorbilidades, dentro de la dimensión biopsicosocial, que afectan la calidad de vida. Para confirmar esta hipótesis se organizó un programa de acondicionamiento físico moderado en el que participaron 58 jóvenes, estudiantes de la Universidad de Caldas (Colombia), con obesidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de dicho programa en los componentes físico y mental de los participantes, mediante el cuestionario de salud SF-36. Los resultados fueron medidos con la prueba estadística de Wilcoxon y la significancia de las diferencias con un p< 0.05. Por otra parte, el acondicionamiento en los aspectos físicos y mentales fueron valorados como esfuerzos intensos (p=0,034), esfuerzos moderados (p=0,034), autopercepción de salud (p=0,003), autopercepción de enfermedad (p=0,049), vitalidad (p=0,012), salud mental (p=0,09) y transición de salud (p=0,006).  En conclusión, los aspectos físicos, cuyos índices eran los más bajos al inicio de la intervención, obtuvieron una mayor mejoría; mientras que los aspectos mentales, los cuales eran percibidos como los menos alterados, presentaron pocas diferencias.
Current account sustainability: A non-linear comparative empirical overview
Authors: İyidoğan Pelin , Turan Taner
Published: April 2018

This study aims to examine the sustainability of current account deficits for Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic and Turkey over the period 1998Q1:2014Q2, with a special attention to the Turkish case, by applying the theoretical model of Steven Husted (1992). The main motive for the choice of time span is that the period comprises the outcomes of two important crises Turkish economy experienced in 2001 and 2008. The empirical testing procedure of the sustainability is twofold so as to be linear and non-linear. Both linear and non-linear test results provide evidence that the current account deficit is unsustainable for Turkey, Poland and Czech Republic. On the other hand, linear and non-linear test results lead to a conflicting evidence for Hungary. We conclude that there is a need to reduce the current account deficit for the countries examined. Otherwise, a sharp adjustment may be inevitable.
Another reason for non-neutrality of financial liquidity
Authors: Lee Jong-Eun
Published: April 2018

This paper reinterprets the non-neutrality of financial liquidity under a general equilibrium model with multiple financial liquidities, but without price stickiness. Non-neutrality opens the possibility of effective monetary or financial policy on the crisis-prone real economy and thus revisiting its nature is worthwhile. We find that models with only one asset and money limit our perspectives to see the nature of financial liquidities interacting with real economy. Departing from abstracting an economy with only one interest rate allows us to see the underlying reason of non-neutrality of financial liquidities, that is, industry-specific rates of return distinguishable from the representative rate of return. Without the assumption of price stickiness but with a wider frame of multiple liquidities, this paper offers another reason for non-neutrality of financial liquidity and naturally clarifies the meaning of money neutrality. We incorporate complicated reality of multiple financial liquidities in a theoretical model, which is a way of deepening our understanding of financial market.
Long-term evaluation of rapid maxillary expansion and bite-block therapy in open bite growing subjects:
Authors: Mucedero Manuela , Fusaroli Dimitri , Franchi Lorenzo , Pavoni Chiara , Cozza Paola , Lione Roberta
Published: April 2018

Objective:

To evaluate the long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and posterior bite block (BB) in prepubertal subjects with dentoskeletal open bite.

Materials and Methods:

The treatment group (TG) comprised 16 subjects (14 girls, 2 boys) with dentoskeletal open bite with a mean age of 8.1 ± 1.1 years treated with RME and BB. Three consecutive lateral cephalograms were available before treatment (T1), at the end of the active treatment with the RME and BB (T2), and at a follow-up observation at least 4 years after the completion of treatment (T3). The TG was compared with a control group (CG) of 16 subjects (14 girls, 2 boys) matched for sex, age, and vertical skeletal pattern. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the T1 to T3, T1 to T2, and T2 to T3 cephalometric changes between the TG and the CG.

Results:

In the long term, the TG showed a significantly greater increase in overbite (+1.8 mm), reduced extrusion of maxillary and mandibular molars (−3.3 mm), and, consequently, a significant decrease in facial divergence (−2.8°) when compared with untreated subjects.

Conclusions:

The RME and BB protocol led to successful and stable recovery of positive overbite in 100% of the patients considered. Correction of open bite was associated with reduced extrusion of maxillary and mandibular molars with a significant improvement in vertical skeletal relationships when compared with the CG.
Iberia de Isaac Albéniz: Las versiones integrales grabadas por pianistas del continente americano / Iberia de Isaac Albéniz: Complete Sound Recordings by Pianists from the American Continent
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Alfonso
Published: April 2018

Desde que apareció el primer álbum elepé de Iberia de Isaac Albéniz en 1954 y hasta la fecha, se han comercializado 64 grabaciones integrales en el ámbito mundial. De este total, 11 registros sonoros han sido efectuados por pianistas del continente americano. El objetivo de este texto es brindar información discográfica sobre esta oncena de versiones integrales con el propósito de ofrecer los primeros supuestos a la cuestión de si esta obra española de corte universal ha sido interpretada y producida de manera particular desde América, y en caso de que fuera así, señalar si esta particularidad es a tal grado significativa como para representar una divergencia del canon marcado por los músicos europeos y sobre todo por los grandes maestros españoles. Además, a través de esta investigación, se han rescatado las versiones sonoras grabadas por los pianistas José Echániz, Elsa Puppulo y Francisco Aybar, de importancia histórica al pertenecer a la era del elepé.Como resultado, se observa que los intérpretes americanos conocen bien la obra de Albéniz y están al tanto de la praxis interpretativa de Iberia. Su perfil biográfico revela que recibieron una formación académica excelente y que su memoria musical les permite dominar un repertorio amplio y ecléctico. Además, las carátulas de los discos analizados muestran temas iconográficos generalmente asociados con esta obra para piano. Es importante señalar que varios pianistas escribieron las notas del folleto que de modo verbal manifiestan la percepción que tienen sobre estas piezas. Finalmente, el análisis temporal metronómico muestra una divergencia menor respecto a la praxis musical plasmada en las grandes versiones españolas de Iberia. Por tanto, los resultados indican que estas versiones no presentan una visión diferente a las producciones discográficas facturadas en otros puntos del planeta ni a las generadas en la península ibérica.
Transversalidad del eje “Medio ambiente” en educación superior: un diagnóstico de la Licenciatura en Contaduría de la UAGro / Transversality of the environment axis in higher education: a diagnosis of the bachelor's degree in Accounting from UAGro
Authors: Piza-Flores Valentín , Aparicio López José Luis , Rodríguez Alviso Columba , Beltrán Rosas Juana
Published: April 2018

La educación ambiental es un campo de acción que permite atender los problemas derivados de la compleja relación hombre-naturaleza. La transversalidad, por su parte, surgió como una estrategia para incidir en la formación integral del estudiante, a través de la articulación horizontal o vertical de contenidos o asignaturas en un programa educativo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue diagnosticar la presencia del eje transversal “Medio ambiente” en el perfil de egreso y en las unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Contaduría de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero (UAGro) como una vía para lograr la sustentabilidad en el currículo.Es una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y exploratorio, para la cual se realizó un muestreo probabilístico estratificado de las seis academias que integran el programa. Además, durante el periodo mayo-diciembre de 2016, se aplicó el instrumento Diagnóstico sobre vinculación del eje transversal “Medio ambiente” al coordinador del programa educativo para conocer su percepción sobre la vinculación del eje transversal en cuestión con el perfil de egreso; aunado a ello, este mismo instrumento se aplicó a 17 docentes (25 %) para analizar el mismo número de unidades de aprendizaje (34 %). El coordinador refiere que de 13 elementos que integran el eje “Medio ambiente”, 3 no se vinculan, 9 están parcialmente vinculados y 1 está poco vinculado. En relación con los docentes, para el 83 % existe algún grado de vinculación, mientras que para el 17 % no la hay. En el caso de las academias, sólo Contabilidad General presenta un 25 % de muy vinculada; en contraparte, la de Inglés se considera como no vinculada. Lo anterior muestra la diferente percepción entre el coordinador y los docentes del programa, así como la desarticulación y departamentalización de las unidades de aprendizaje que no contribuyen al logro del perfil de egreso; también que el docente prioriza los temas disciplinares sobre los ambientales. Se concluye que transversalizar el currículo con este emergente social es una vía para que los educandos cuenten con una formación integral para la atención de los problemas que aquejan al planeta, en dirección al desarrollo sustentable.
Espacios literarios: visiones de la naturaleza y sentido del lugar en la poesía de William Wordsworth y Claudio Rodríguez
Authors: Mezquita Fernández María Antonia
Published: April 2018

A pesar de la distancia espacial y temporal, las obras del poeta británico William Wordsworth (19770-1850) y del español Claudio Rodríguez (934-1999) comparten elementos comunes. Sin embargo, el principal es el amor a la naturaleza. El siguiente artículo analizará, desde una perspectiva ecocrítica, cómo entienden la naturaleza ambos autores y cómo se sienten unidos a ella. Sin duda, este amor por la naturaleza tiene su origen en la infancia, lo cual se muestra en las obras de ambos. Por tanto, el objetivo de este artículo será comparar las visiones de la naturaleza de ambos autores y cómo esta es para ellos no solo el lugar que aman sino el lugar al que se sienten unidos.