bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Affirmative “Yes”. Sexual Offense Based on Consent
Authors: Vidu Afloarei Ana , Tomás Martínez Gema
Published: February 2019

The collective rape case that occurred in Spain during a 2016 famous festival placed the trial against its five aggressors on an unprecedented media and social scale in Spain. The court that ruled for sexual abuse and not for rape sparked a huge and prompt social rejection of the current legislation. To overcome revictimization and give voice to survivors, the consideration of consent has been raised. This new paradigm has deeply spread in society and social networks to the point that the Spanish government has expressed its interest in modifying the Criminal Code to base sexual crimes on consent. In our duty to provide scientific knowledge for this issue, this article frames the debate on sexual harassment and focuses on the crime against sexual freedom and the context under which consent can neither be asked for nor conceived. This article analyzes the aggravating crime factors while basing consent on the intention of the offender. Starting from international approaches, this article emphasizes the current social opportunity needed to create awareness and transform laws with the aim of legislating on affirmative “yes”. This approach contributes to the challenge of overcoming gender violence and to the study of masculinities and their influence on social transformation.
PECULIARITIES OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP IN RELATIONS BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Authors: But S.
Published: February 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of relations between Ukraine and the People's Republic of China on the conformity of bilateral relations to the declared status of strategic partnership. The author notes that both states actively use the instrument of strategic partnership in foreign policy activities, while the Chinese practice is characterized by a more balanced approach. Key criteria for the analysis of interstate relations for its conformity to the strategic partnership are highlighted. The features of bilateral interaction in political, economic, military-technical and humanitarian spheres are shown. The author notes that the mutual recognition of the strategic nature of Ukrainian-Chinese interaction at the highest level, the existence of a normative-legal base and the mechanism of cooperation, the positive upward dynamics of bilateral contacts fully meet the criteria of strategic partnership. True, the political sphere, despite its impartial character and official declaration of support for territorial integrity by the parties to each other, is marked by the lack of coordination of positions among partners on international issues, which is of great importance in the context of Russian aggression against Ukraine. The economic aspect, despite the presence of mutual interest, is marked by a significant untapped potential, which is due to the structural weakness of Ukraine and its low position in the priorities of China's foreign policy in the post-Soviet space and CEE, in particular, given the great importance for China of relations with Russia, the absence of a comprehensive strategy in Ukrainian side for developing relations with the Middle Kingdom. The humanitarian direction is also characterized by a significant untapped potential. As a result, the author offers a number of recommendations on increasing the effectiveness of the implementation of the concept of strategic partnership in relations between Ukraine and China.
SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS IN THE SYSTEM OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL IMBALANCES: AN ANALYSIS OF BENEFITS AND THREADS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL STABILITY
Authors: Reznikova N. , Ivashchenko O.
Published: February 2019

A new active component has appeared in the contemporary global financial system, Sovereign Wealth Funds, demonstrating the growing investment capacities in some countries. This newly born category of investors reflects a wide array of economic policy intentions in the realities when current consumption or investment of considerable funds resulting from budget surplus and positive payment balance becomes either undesirable or unfeasible. The article’s objective is to analyze operation of Sovereign Wealth Funds as an innovative and leading actor of the global financial market, coming in place of hedge funds and private investment funds and challenging the role of central banks as biggest lenders. The position of Sovereign wealth Funds in the system of global financial imbalances is studied; benefits and threats from their operation are analyzed from the perspective of global financial stability.
MEDIA TAXONOMY IN THE SYSTEM OF GLOBAL PARADIGMS
Authors: Chuzhykov A.
Published: February 2019

The genesis of the definition of "paradigm" is explored, within which the peculiarities of its evolution and the definition of classification features are determined. The trend character of the transformation of the content of paradigms in the conditions of strengthening the processes of postmodernism, cultural hybridization and growing cosmopolitanism is established. The methodological essence of global paradigms ("Homo oeconomicus", "Homo sociologicus", "Homo ecologicus", "Homo informaticus") and derivatives of it "Homo creativus", "Homo retis" and others are analyzed. The significance of the organizational content of the media paradigm is revealed and its inter-system and interdisciplinary essence is clarified. A graphic model of taxonomic diffusion of the media paradigm was developed and its diagnostics was carried out on the basis of selective indicators (principles, motives, action arena, types of concepts used, analysis tasks, relation to other paradigms), which allows to specify the methodological framework of future research.
Enhancing Problem- and Emotion-Focused Coping in Menopausal Women Through Yoga
Authors: Crowe Brandi M. , Van Puymbroeck Marieke
Published: February 2019

In varying degrees, all women experience menopause, the condition of infertility due to altered reproductive hormones. The menopausal transition includes three phases—perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause—each associated with physical and psychological symptoms that can negatively affect women's successful functioning in everyday life. In addition to conventional therapies intended to decrease the frequency and severity of symptoms, menopausal women are in need of coping mechanisms to assist in managing symptoms as they occur. Using a deductive approach, a secondary analysis of 12 individuals' qualitative journal entries and semi-structured interviews obtained from a mixed-methods embedded research study was conducted to determine whether data exist to support yoga as a means for coping as presented by Lazarus and Folkman's transactional theory of stress and coping and by Iwasaki and Mannell's leisure stress coping conceptual framework. Results indicate that yoga has the potential for serving as a coping mechanism for women between the ages of 40 and 65 who are experiencing menopause and want to improve their health and/or enhance their ability to manage life's stressors. More specifically, findings discussed in this article advocate yoga as being a leisure activity in which problem- and emotion-focused coping strategies can develop, including mechanisms necessary for palliative coping, mood enhancement, and social companionship. To the authors' knowledge, data reported in this manuscript are the first to support the conceptual framework of Crowe, Van Puymbroeck, and Schmid, aimed at explaining yoga as a viable leisure coping strategy. Additional research focused on the psychosocial benefits of yoga, including yoga as coping, is recommended.
Traduzir o intraduzível: o caso das partículas gregas
Authors: Bondarczuk Simone
Published: February 2019

Na contramão do “dogma da intraduzibilidade” linguística de Jakobson (1959), este artigo se propõe a discutir a questão da possibilidade de ser do estrangeiro, no acolhimento proporcionado pela hospitalidade linguística sob o viés da tradução, sob a ótica da ressignificação do mito de Babel proposta por Ricœur (2012). Nessa perspectiva, o tradutor – como mediador ativo desse processo de aproximação do estrangeiro (autor, obra, sua língua) ao leitor – redescobre o seu lugar próprio em um projeto universal de humanização. A tradução como processo de humanização visa produzir semelhanças cujo escopo é identificar o si mesmo como um outro. As partículas gregas constituem um exemplo emblemático de uma classe de palavras típica da coloquialidade do Grego Antigo – atualmente conhecidas como marcadores discursivos –, que, no entanto, foi desprezada por uma tradição gramatical pautada nas categorias aristotélicas e na suposta correspondência um-a-um dos semantemas, impossível de ser mantida nesse caso. Sendo assim, as partículas gregas são apresentadas de modo a exemplificar a classe dos chamados tradicionalmente “intraduzíveis”: não no sentido daquilo que não se pode traduzir, ao qual se nega a possibilidade de tradução, mas como uma classe de palavras que, a despeito do desprezo da tradição clássica, insistimos em traduzir de muitas maneiras distintas, já que se trata de palavras cujos sentidos são discursivamente determinados e de baixo valor conteudístico.
Comparación resultados perinatales en gestantes con y sin alteración de doppler de acm en fetos de crecimiento normal
Authors: Mendoza Henríquez Mario , Prasca De La Hoz Richard José , Amaya Muñoz Franklin , Bilbao Ramírez Jorge Luis
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Comparar los resultados perinatales en gestantes con y sin alteración de Doppler de la arteria cerebral media en fetos de crecimiento normal. Hospital Niño Jesús, Barranquilla, periodo julio 2017 – abril 2018. Materiales y métodos: Se presenta un estudio analítico prospectivo unicentrico, diseñado con el objetivo de comparar los resultados perinatales en gestantes con y sin alteración de Doppler de la arteria cerebral media en fetos de crecimiento normal. Hospital Niño Jesús, Barranquilla, periodo julio 2017 – abril 2018. Resultados: Muestra compuesta por un total de 200 pacientes, 180 pacientes que no presentaron alteración de Doppler de la arteria cerebral media con media en su percentil de 47.6 ± 25.0 y 20 pacientes cuyo percentil estuvo por debajo de 5 con media de 3.5 ± 1.0, no se encontraron diferencias significativas respecto a aumento de resultados perinatales adversos en ninguno de los grupos de estudio, la tasa de cesárea Aumento de la tasa de cesárea OR: 5.5 p: 0.001. Conclusiones: no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar los resultados perinatales de las gestantes con y sin alteración de Doppler de la arteria cerebral media en fetos de crecimiento normal, se evidencio un aumento estadísticamente significativo en la tasa de cesáreas en el grupo de arteria cerebral media alterada.
DIAGNÓSTICO MOLECULAR DE INFECCIÓN POR VIRUS HERPES SIMPLEX TIPO 1 EN TEJIDO ATEROSCLERÓTICO HUMANO.
Authors: Tolstano Axel A , Villarreal C José Luis , Torres J Franklin E. , Lozano H. Edward , Movilla P Nelys P. , Barroso M Lina M
Published: February 2019

Introducción: Las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio representan uno de los mayores problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial, nacional y regional. El mecanismo patogénico que subyace esta patología es la aterosclerosis. Existen varios factores que favorecen la etiopatogenia de la lesión aterosclerótica. Las infecciones, juegan un papel importante. La infección por el Virus del Herpes Simplex se ha considerado como un factor de riesgo emergente. Objetivo: Realizar diagnóstico molecular de infección por Virus Herpes Simplex tipo 1 y tipo 2 en tejido aterosclerótico humano. Método: Se realizó extracción de ADN viral a partir de ateromas usando el kit comercial PureGenomeTM Tissue DNA Extraction. La amplificación del material genético viral se realizó por PCR en tiempo real (qPCR) con el kit comercial “Human Herpes Virus 2 (Herpes simplex type 2) UL36 region genesig Standard Kit y Human Herpes Virus 1 (Herpes simplex type 1) Capsid assembly and DNA maturation gene. Genesig Standard Kit”. Resultados: En total se obtuvieron 102 muestras de ateromas, extraídas de diferentes fuentes anatómicas. Tres muestras resultaron positivas para VHS tipo 1 (3/102). Ninguna muestra evidenció material genético para VHS tipo 2 (0/102). Conclusión: La etiopatogenia de la aterosclerosis es un proceso altamente complejo. Los virus juegan un papel importante, en especial la infección por Virus del herpes simplex tipo 1. La infección por este virus genera cambios a nivel de las células vasculares y no vasculares, favoreciendo el acumulo de lipoproteínas de baja densidad químicamente oxidadas, importantes para la aterogénesis.
Anti-inflammatory effects of extrafine beclomethasone dipropionate/formoterol aerosol (Foster) on rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Titova O. N. , Kuzubova N. A. , Lebedeva E. S.
Published: February 2019

The aimof the study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of extrafine aerosol of beclomethasone dipropionate/formoterol (Foster) in a model of COPD.

Methods. A model of COPD was developed in rats using 60-day intermittent exposure to nitrogen dioxide. Then, within 30 days, a test group was treated with inhaled Foster, and a control group was treated with placebo. Cytokines and enzymes, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), and surfactant proteins B and D (SP-B and SP-D) were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using ELISA method. Histological examination of lung tissue samples was also performed.

Results.Neutrophil and lymphocyte numbers, and concentrations of proinflammatory mediators increased significantly in BALF of the control group. Bronchial epithelium damage was associated with deterioration in production of SP-B, SP-D, and sIgA by bronchial epithelial cells. Treatment with Foster was related to a clear decrease in neutrophilic and lymphocytic inflammation and normalization of BALF pro-inflammatory cytokine and enzyme levels. The injured bronchial and alveolar epithelium repaired; this was associated with improvement in the production of sIgA, SP-B and SP-D by epithelial cell.

Conclusion.The treatment with extra-fine aerosol of Foster was associated with significant decrease in inflammation and activation of lung repair in COPD rat model. This could result in improvement in immune defense and production of sIgA, SP-B and SP-D by bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells.
Evaluation of relationship of body mass index with severity of cholecystitis
Authors: Chauhan Varun V. , Shah Bhushan A. , Mahadik Shivaratna J. , Videkar Rohan P.
Published: February 2019

Background: Obesity is an established risk factor for gall stone disease. Male sex has also been recently cited as a risk factor for severe symptomatic cholelithiasis. As a possible cause of several difference in regards to the severity of cholecystitis, many physiological differences between the two sexes can be examined. Many studies have been done on the risk factors for developing the gall bladder disease explaining its polygenic nature It is postulated that the total body fat, the main value of which is significantly higher for females than males, may contribute to this sex difference. Only a couple of studies are available on BMI and its effect on severity of cholecystitis hence depicting the need for this study in our setup.Methods: This is a prospective study carried out on 70 patients for cholecystitis whose weight and height measurements had been recorded on admission. Patients were placed in either group-Obese (BMI e” 25kg/m2) or Non-Obese (BMI <25kg/m2). The association between BMI and severity of cholecystitis was investigated.Results: 18% of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgeries required conversion to open cholecystectomy due to reasons like severe adhesions to an adjacent organ, etc. Pain in abdomen (100%) was the commonest complaint and was present in all the patients followed by dyspepsia (44%).69% of patients were having complaints for more than 72 hours. No significant difference observed among mean BMI of different grades of severity (p=0.963).Conclusions: There is negative correlation between BMI and grade of severity of cholecystitis and BMI is not a predictor for the conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy.
Gestão da Produção de Recursos Educacionais em Áudio e Vídeo: A Experiência do Laboratório de Educomunicação da Universidade Franciscana/RS
Authors: Lopes Taize de Andrade Machado , Pereira Fabiana da Costa , Lammel Iuri
Published: February 2019

Este artigo consiste num relato de experiência que teve como objetivo descrever como ocorre o processo de produção de áudios e vídeos didáticos no Laboratório de Educomunicação da Universidade Franciscana, em Santa Maria/RS, além de compartilhar reflexões provenientes das experiências vivenciadas pela equipe multidisciplinar de apoio, composta por profissionais de áreas como Ciência da Computação, Jornalismo, Publicidade e Propaganda e Pedagogia, entre outras, além de equipamentos tecnológicos específicos. A experiência dos autores como gestores da EAD demonstra que é imprescindível a definição de um fluxo de produção e sistema de controle, construção de cenário e padronização do figurino para as videoaulas, roteirização dos conteúdos e capacitações docentes regulares. Como conclusão, ressalta-se que, apesar de os custos institucionais de produção serem significativos, sua disponibilização é imprescindível, na medida em que são instrumentos eficazes em aulas a distância, tornando-as mais atrativas para o estudante e potencializando o ensino-aprendizagem.

Palavras-chave: Educação a distância. Videoaula. Audioaula. Universidade Franciscana.
Numerical Modeling of Interaction of Turbulent Flow with a Buried Circular Cylinder on a Plane Surface
Authors: AKOZ M. Sami , ŞİMŞEK Oğuz , SOYDAN N. Göksu
Published: February 2019

Turbulent flow
characteristics around a partially buried horizontal circular cylinder are
investigated numerically for the burial ratio of B/D=0.50. The governing equations are numerically solved using ANSYS-Fluent
for the flows having the same conditions with the experiments related to measurements
of velocity field by Particle Image Velocimetry for Reynolds numbers based on
the cylinder diameter, in the ranges of 1000 ≤ ReD ≤ 7000. Standard k-ε, Renormalization-group k-ε,
Realizable k-ε, Modified k-ω, Shear Stress Transport k-w and Reynolds Stress
turbulence models are employed. Experimental validations of the numerical
results show that Shear Stress Transport k-w model provides
better predictions for the kinematic properties of the turbulent flow than the
other turbulence models used herein. Force coefficients also predicted
numerically at Reynolds numbers in the ranges of 1000 £ReD £7000 for the burial
ratio, B/D=0, 0.25 and 0.5.
Livro didático Português – Linguagens: questões de interpretação e emancipação
Authors: Nascimento Mateus Mariot , Pereira Antonio Serafim
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho descreve o estudo analítico da coleção didática Português: Linguagens, de Cereja e Magalhães (2013), em específico, das atividades de leitura nela propostas com vistas a identificar as que guardam em suas proposições possibilidades emancipadoras. Com tal intuito, a análise dos volumes que compõem a coleção recaiu sobre as atividades de interpretação de texto, tendo por base a tipologia de questões sistematizadas por Marcuschi (2008). O processo analítico permitiu apreender que, na coleção estudada, as questões propostas para interpretação, em sua maioria, visam possibilitar ao aluno uma compreensão para além do funcionamento estrutural e formal da língua, ou seja, evidenciamos a preocupação dos autores em mobilizar o estudante para a prática de leitura mais próxima da concepção interacionista, com possíveis reflexos positivos para o seu desenvolvimento como leitor crítico e emancipado.
Relações entre gêneros na teorização curricular tradicional, crítica e pós-crítica
Authors: Freire Eleta de Carvalho
Published: February 2019

Esta pesquisa versa sobre as relações entre gênero e educação, nomeadamente sobre gênero e currículo, objetivando compreender o lugar ocupado pelas relações sociais de gênero na teorização curricular. Trata-se de uma investigação teórica que buscou apoio em três diferentes fases formadoras do campo de estudos sobre o currículo e do campo dos estudos de gênero. A pesquisa toma como objeto de análise os pressupostos da teorização curricular – tradicional, crítica e pós-crítica – em seus contextos de emergência e desenvolvimento, com vistas a identificar distanciamentos e aproximações entre currículo e gênero nesses estudos. Os resultados revelam que, embora o currículo escolar tenha sido desde sempre atravessado por relações entre os gêneros, tais relações estiveram ausentes da teorização tradicional ou não crítica em razão de sua vinculação ao paradigma da racionalidade técnico-científica e à consequente tese da neutralidade e objetividade do currículo. Estiveram ausentes também da fase inicial da teorização crítica, por sua centralidade na categoria classe social. Inserem-se no discurso curricular na segunda fase dessa teorização a partir do entendimento de que a cultura, como elemento constituído e constituinte de diferenças, também institui desigualdades, entre as quais se incluem as desigualdades de gênero. Assim, a teorização crítica, por meio da corrente da resistência, anuncia o atravessamento do currículo pelas diferenças de gênero e etnia, entre outras, aproximando-se da perspectiva multiculturalista. A teorização pós-crítica, ao atribuir centralidade à linguagem, aponta novas formas de olhar as relações entre gênero e educação, mais especificamente entre gênero e currículo.
The Transformative Potential of Strategic Partnerships to Form a Health Equity Network of the Americas
Authors: Rodríguez Michael A. , Marmot Michael G. , Salgado de Snyder V. Nelly , Galvão Luis A.C. , Avellaneda Ximena , Saenz Maria Del Rocio , Dubois Anne M. , Tarzibachi Eugenia , Ritterbusch Amy E. , Castro Arachu , Plough Alonzo , Heymann Jody
Published: February 2019

Health inequities across the Americas are avoidable and unjust yet continue to persist. Systemic social determinants of health, which could be addressed at the policy level, are root causes of many inequities and prevent marginalized individuals and at-risk populations from reaching optimal health and well-being. In this article, we describe our approach to promote health equity through the intersectoral partner­ships that were forged, and strategies that were shared, during the convening entitled “Summit 2017: Health Equity in the Americas” and the resulting emergence of the Health Equity Network of the Americas (HENA). We illustrate how this international network will raise awareness of policies and programs to inform decision makers about actions they can take to put an end to the unjust, persistent and mostly avoid­able health inequities facing the Americas today.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):153-158; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.153.
Defining and Achieving Health Equity in Genomic Medicine
Authors: Jooma Sonya , Hahn Michael J. , Hindorff Lucia A. , Bonham Vence L.
Published: February 2019

The potential of genomics to improve health comes with the peril that the benefits will not be equitably available to all populations. Existing health disparities can be exacer­bated if the implementation of genomic medicine does not intentionally focus on health equity. Defining what health equity means in the context of genomics and outlining how it can be achieved is impor­tant for the future of the field. Strategies to improve health equity include addressing underrepresentation of diverse popula­tions in genomic research, investigating how genomic services can be deployed in diverse health care settings and underserved communities, increasing workforce diversity, supporting infrastructure development out­side traditional research centers, and engag­ing communities and health care providers. By employing these strategies, the genomic research community can advance health equity in genomic medicine. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):173-178; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.173.
Strategic Partnerships to Advance Health Equity
Authors: Mensah George A.
Published: February 2019

Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):53-56; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.53.
Eliminating the Sex and Gender Gap and Transforming the Cardiovascular Health of All Women
Authors: Cook Nakela L.
Published: February 2019

Critical to eliminating the sex and gender gap in cardiovascular health is addressing known differences in disease burden, dis­parities in treatment and clinical outcomes, and the scientific importance of sex as a biological variable that influences resilience, pathophysiology, and ultimately the health of women. Furthermore, key disparities exist at the intersection of sex/gender and race/ ethnicity where women of color are dis­proportionately affected by higher burden of disease and poorer outcomes in several cardiovascular conditions. Through efforts to galvanize strategic partnerships, The NHLBI Strategic Vision sets forth research priorities across all of its objectives relevant to the cardiovascular health of women; it encour­ages strategic partnerships in both establish­ing and implementing research priorities. The Vision promotes a promise of precision medicine that embraces sex as its highest order, leverages an integrated approach to data science, explores sex influences on molecular underpinnings of disease, and advances sex-specific and race-sex interac­tion analyses toward the elimination of gaps in the cardiovascular care and health of all women. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):65-70; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.65.
The Correlation between Ferritin Levels and Glutation (GSH) Levels in Major Beta Thalassemia Patient at dr. Soebandi Jember Hospital
Authors: Zahra Amalia Nur , Riyanti Rini , Sakinah Elly Nurus
Published: February 2019

Repeated  blood  transfusions in patient with Major Beta Thalassemia  leads  to  iron  overload  marks by the increased of serum ferritin levels. Free iron caused the change of H2O2 to oxidants by fenton reaction and caused oxidative stress. These oxidants will be counteracted by GSH as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between ferritin levels with GSH in patients with major beta thalassemia in RSD dr. Soebandi hospital Jember. The samples of this study are fifteen (15) patients age 1-18 years who were regularly transfused. Serum ferritin levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Immuno Assay (ELFA) and plasma GSH levels were measured by Ellman method. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation test. Serum feritin levels were increased in Major Beta Thalassemia children with average of 3540,46 ± 3925,37 ng/mL. The  mean of  GSH is 10,46 ± 2,58 µmol. We found significant and negative correlation between serum ferritin and GSH with p value=0,000 and r=-0,951 in Major beta thalassemia patient at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.

Keywords: Thalassemia, Oxidative stress, Feritin, GSH
The Correlation between Administration of Alpha Lipoic Acid and Malondialdehyde Level on Traumatic Brain Injury Model Rat’s Brain
Authors: Utami Nastiti Bekti , Agustina Dini , Efendi Erfan
Published: February 2019

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by repetitive brain trauma that cancontinues to be dementia, alzheimer and parkinsonism. Traumatic brain injury increased free radicals in brain thatcaused oxidative stress and induced lipid peroxidation, neuron damage and producing MDA. The purpose is todetermine the correlation between administration of ALA and MDA level in rat’s brain model of traumatic braininjury and its effective dose. Rats are randomLy divided into 7 groups. Normal group without treatment, K(-) wasgiven NaCl 0,9% 1,5 mL, K(+) was given citicoline 6,75 mg, K1 was given ALA 1,0125 mg, K2 was given ALA 2,025mg, K3 was given ALA 4,05 mg, K4 was given ALA 8,1 mg and received 30 days traumatic brain injury treatment bydropped 245 g load on the rat’s head at 35 cm height. MDA level in brain were measured on the 31th day withMDA-TBA method by spectrofotometer. The averages of MDA levels were N 1,64 μg/mL; K(+) 2,09 μg/mL; K(-) 4,87μg/mL; K1 2,73 μg/mL; K2 2,68 μg/mL; K3 2,20 μg/mL and K4 2,02 μg/mL. Pearson’s analysis shows strong andsignificant negative correlation (r= -0,790) between administration of ALA and MDA level in rat’s brain model oftraumatic brain injury (p<0,05). The effective dose of ALA is 8,625 mg/150gBW.Keywords : Alpha lipoic acid, MDA, traumatic brain injury, CTE
Images of Previous Mothers through Health Education, Additional Food Package Materials and Community Empowerment in Sucopangepok Village District of Jelbuk-Jember
Authors: Sulistyorini Lantin
Published: February 2019

The period of pregnancy greatly determines the quality of human resources of the future, because the condition of the fetus in the womb determines the growth of children. Factors that affect maternal health is the mother's nutritional condition. The research design is descriptive. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The sample size of trimester II and III pregnant women were 58 respondents. Univariate data analysis. The result of analysis indicated that pregnant women were mostly at risk of chronic energy deficiency (79.3%), pregnant woman's knowledge level about fulfillment of nutritional requirement during pregnancy after health education mostly categorized good (51.7%), knowledge level of posyandu cadre the fulfillment of nutritional needs of pregnant women before and after health education is mostly categorized good (51.9% and 74.0%). The attitude of posyandu cadre in fulfillment of the nutritional requirement of the pregnant mother before and after health education mostly categorized good (66.7% and 74.0%). Motivation of posyandu cadres in maintaining the nutrition of pregnant women after the treatment was mostly good (70.4%), the weight of pregnant women before and after local-based supplementary feeding showed increased weight according to gestational age (79.3% and 91.4%). The results showed most of the pregnant women have normal nutritional status with arm circumference size ≥23.5 cm. Suggestions for pregnant women to keep their nutritional status normal by maintaining diet and always carrying out routine atenatal care visits and health workers providing supplementary feeding to pregnant women with chronic energy shortages.

Keywords: Maternal care movement, additional food package, nutritional status
Increased Plasma GLP-1 Levels after Resistant Starch Type 3 From Cassava Starch (Manihot Esculanta Crantz) Diet on Diabetic Rat
Authors: Sakinah Elly Nurus
Published: February 2019

Diabetes mellitus (DM) occur when human body is unable to produce enough insulin and/or unable to use insulin effectively, resulting in an increase of blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Indonesia  has  ranks  fourth  after  United  States,  China  and  India  in  the  prevalence  of  DM. Controling blood sugar and insulin levels can be done through the stimulation effect of Glucagon- like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The goal of this study was to determine the effects of resistant starch type 3 (RS3) from cassava starch in increasing plasma GLP-1 levels. This reasearch use male mouse (Ratttus novergicus) as a diabetic model by providing a high-fat diet (HFD) for one mounth than combine with intraoperitonel injection of low dose streptozotocin (STZ). The mouse then grouped into 4 groups randomly (1) normal or negative control, (2) cassava starch diet, (3) RS3 diet, (4) positive control. Blood sugar levels were measured before and after STZ injection to determine the diabetic conditions (blood sugar > 200 mg /dL). After 4 weeks of dietary administration blood sugar  and  plasma  GLP-1  levels  were  examined  using  ELISA.  Statistical  analysis  showed decreased in blood sugar levels and increased in plasma GLP-1 levels after one mounth of RS3 diet. This research shows that RS3 from cassava starch has a potential role as a nutritional therapy on diabetes mellitus condition.

Keywords: Resistant starch type 3, cassava starch, GLP-1, Blood Sugar, Diabetes Mellitus
The Difference of Asphyxia Neonatorum Incident between Very Preterm Labor That Is Followed or Not by Premature Rupture of Membranes at RSD dr. Soebandi of Jember
Authors: Masruroh Nely , Hadisubroto Yonas , Normasari Rena
Published: February 2019

Asphyxia neonatorum is an infant's inability to breathe spontaneously and regularly soon after birth. Risk factors of neonatal asphyxia are preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes. In the poor and developing countries there are many occurrences of asphyxia at gestation less than 32 weeks (very preterm). The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of asphyxia neonatorum in very preterm labor followed by premature rupture of membranes, describes the incidence of asphyxia neonatorum in very preterm labor that is not followed by premature rupture of membranes, and the difference of asphyxia neonatorum incident between very preterm labor that is followed or not by premature rupture of membranes. The type of this research was retrospective analytical observational with cross sectional approach and total sampling technique. The population was a single preterm delivery mother with spontaneous presentation of heads born in RSD dr. Soebandi from January 2015 - January 2017. From 465 mothers, 65 mothers meet the inclusion criteria. Data is processed and presented in the form of frequency distribution table then analyzed using Chi-Square test. The results showed that mothers with very preterm followed by premature rupture of membranes did not have asphyxia (22 mothers or 33.8%) and mothers with very preterm that is not followed by premature rupture of membranes did not have asphyxia (18 mothers or 27.2%). Based on Chi-Square statistical test results obtained p-value (0.298)> α (0.05) and it can be concluded that is statistically at 95% confidence level there is no significant difference in the incident of asphyxia neonatorum between very preterm labor that is followed or not by premature rupture of membranes in RSD dr. Soebandi Kabupaten Jember.Keywords: Asphyxia neonatorum, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes
Hemodialysis Effect on Systolic Left Ventricular Function in Stage V Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Ramadhan Hazbina Fauqi , Hermansyah Yuli , Wisudanti Desie Dwi , Suryono Suryono
Published: February 2019

Chronic kidney diasease (CKD) is one of world health problem with increased incidence. Kidney function impairment contribute to cardiovascular complication that has been the main cause of CKD patient death. The impairment of cardiovascular function mainly caused by decreased of systolic left ventricular function. Stage V CKD patients need renal replacement therapy such as hemodialysis. Hemodialysis known to has positive effect on cadiovascular function by decreasing volume overload and uremic toxin. Echocardiography is a non-invasive method to assess cardiovascular function i.e. systolic left ventricular function. The aim of this study is to describe the improvement of  systolic left ventricular function in stage V CKD patients after going through hemodialysis. The subject of this study are 30 patients, ≥18 years old diagnosed with Stage V CKD and undergo routine hemodialysis in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. The data analyzed with Wilcoxon test and shown significance (p=0,000). This study concludes there is a significant improvement on systolic left ventricular function in CKD patients before and after hemodialysis in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.

Keywords: Systolic Left Ventricular Function, Hemodialysis, Chronic Kidney Disease, Echocardiography
Monocyte subpopulations of blood and bone marrow in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Vins M. V. , Chumakova S. P. , Urazova O. I. , Azarova D. A. , Shipulin V. M. , Pryakhin A. S. , Barmina S. E. , Werner M. D. , Novitskiy V. V.
Published: February 2019

The aim of the investigationwas to evaluate the ratio of classical (CD14++CD16-), intermediate (CD14++CD16+), nonclassical (CD14+CD16+) and transient (CD14+CD16–) monocytes in the blood and bone marrow in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) against ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP).

Materials and methods. 17 patients with ICMP and 14 practically healthy donors were observed. The material of the study was venous blood (in patients and healthy donors) and red bone marrow (in patients). In the materials the relative content of different monocytes subpopulations was determined by flow cytometry. The obtained results were analyzed by statistical methods.

Results. It is shown that in the blood of patients the proportion of monocytes with the phenotype CD14++CD16- is 57.77 [of 46.35; 79.76]%, CD14++CD16+ – 25.06 [4.96; 42.31]%, CD14+CD16+ 5.05 [4.08; 6.58]% and CD14+CD16- – 6.03 [3.58; 10.89]%; in the bone marrow – 43.44 [40.54; 44.68]%, 0.16 [0; 1.07]%, 0,54 [0.35; 1.07]% and 54,32 [52.83; 56.08]%, respectively, which is different from the content of the data cells subpopulations in the blood (p < 0.05). At the same time, the content of non-classical monocytes in the patients’ blood is 2 times lower than in healthy donors, and the number of other cells varies within the norm.

Conclusion. The differentiation of monocytes into 4 subpopulations in patients with CHF occurs directly in the bloodstream, since mainly the classical and transitional monocyte fractions with the prevalence of the latter are present in the bone marrow. Deficiency of non-classical monocytes of blood in CHF is probably associated with a disruption of their extramedullary differentiation.
İkinci Dünya Savaşı Yıllarında Türkiye’de İç Borçlanma Çabaları
Authors: UTKUGÜN Ceren , ORTAK Şaban
Published: February 2019

1929
Dünya Ekonomik Krizinin etkileri devam ederken İkinci Dünya Savaşı başlamıştır.
Bu durum savaşın olumsuz ekonomik etkilerinin daha yoğun biçimde yaşanmasına
neden olmuştur. Savaş yıllarında askeri harcamaların artması, üretimin ve
ithalatın azalması halkın üzerinde ağır bir ekonomik yük oluşturmuştur.
Enflasyon toplumda ekonomik bunalım oluşturmuş, ekonomik güçlerin askeri alana
kaydırılması tarımsal üretimde azalmalara yol açmış, besin maddeleri sıkıntısı
sonucunda karne uygulamaları başlamış, yer yer kıtlık yaşanmıştır. İkinci Dünya
Savaşı’nın başlamasıyla savaş dışı kalmaya çalışan Türkiye seferberlik ilan
etmiştir. Seferberlik ilanı dış tehditlere karşı milli müdafaa tedbiri olarak
değerlendirilse de sonuçları itibariyle ülkede iaşe sorunu yaşanmasına yol
açmıştır.

Ülke
savaş yılları boyunca savaş ekonomisi şartları yaşamış, bu yıllarda görev yapan
Hükümetler çeşitli ekonomi politikaları denemiş ve savaş ekonomisi uygulamaya
çalışmışlardır. Savaş yıllarında ülkedeki savunma harcamalarındaki artış ve
işgücü kaybı ekonomiyi etkilemiş, böyle bir ortamda Milli Korunma Vergisi,
Varlık Vergisi ve Toprak Mahsulleri Vergisi gibi katı uygulamalara gidilmek
zorunda kalınmıştır. Bu dönemde uygulamaya konulan vergilerin yanı sıra iç
borçlanmaya gidilmek zorunda da kalınmıştır. Bu çalışmada devletin iç borçlanma
uygulamaları olan Tasarruf Bonoları ve Milli Müdafaa İstikraz Tahvilleri
incelenmiştir.
Comparative Assessment of Age, Growth and Food Habit of the Black-Chinned Tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron (Rüppell, 1852), from Closed and Open Lagoons, Ghana
Authors: Zuh Cephas Kwesi , Abobi Seth Mensah , Campion Benjamin Betey
Published: February 2019

The black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron is the most abundant fish species in the Nakwa (a closed lagoon) and Brenu (an open lagoon) in the Central region of Ghana. Aspects of the life history characteristics and the ecology of the fish populations in both lagoons were studied to assess the bio-ecological status of this important resource. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L∞ = 12.04 cm; K =2.76 year-1 for the Nakwa Lagoon samples and L∞ = 13.44 cm; K = 3.27 years-1 for Brenu Lagoon samples. Daily otolith incremental rate ranged from 0.01-0.03mm per day and 0.01-0.02mm per day for Nakwa and Brenu lagoons respectively. Stomach content analysis of the fish samples revealed that the species are planktivorous and the range of food varied between the lagoons. Green algae was the most prevalent food item in the stomachs of the fish samples from Nakwa with frequency of 69% while diatoms (80.5%) were most prevalent phytoplanktonic food item in for the fish in Brenu lagoon. The results of this study of Sarotherodon melanotheron from the two lagoons and can be used to improve on management policies, maximize yield and to sustain the fishery resources.
Pronounced Impact of p-Type Carriers and Reduction of Bandgap in Semiconducting ZnTe Thin Films by Cu Doping for Intermediate Buffer Layer in Heterojunction Solar Cells
Authors: Mahmood Waqar , Awan Saif Ullah , Ud Din Amad , Arif Sajid , Thomas Andrew , ul Haq Anwar , Abbas Shah Nazar
Published: February 2019

Stabilized un-doped Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) thin films were grown on glass substrates under vacuum using closed space sublimation (CSS) technique. A dilute copper nitrate solution (0.1/100 ml) was prepared for copper doping known as ion exchange process in the matrix of ZnTe thin film. The reproducible polycrystalline cubic structure of undoped and Cu doped ZnTe thin films with preferred orientation (111) was confirmed by X-rays diffraction (XRD) technique. Lattice parameter analyses verified the expansion of unit cell volume after incorporation of Cu species into ZnTe thin films samples. The micrographs of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to measure the variation in crystal sizes of samples. The energy dispersive X-rays was used to validate the elemental composition of undoped and Cu-doped ZnTe thin films.  The bandgap energy 2.24 eV of ZnTe thin film decreased after doping Cu to 2.20 eV may be due to the introduction of acceptors states near to valance band.  Optical studies showed that refractive index was measured from 2.18 to 3.24 whereas thicknesses varied between 220 nm to 320 nm for un-doped and Cu doped ZnTe thin film respectively using Swanepoel model. The oxidation states of Zn+2, Te+2 and Cu+1 through high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses was observed. The resistivity of thin films changed from ~107 Ω-cm for undoped ZnTe to ~1 Ω-cm for Cu-doped ZnTe thin film, whereas p-type carrier concentration increased from to  respectively. These results predicted that Cu-doped ZnTe thin film can be used as an ideal, efficient and stable intermediate layer between metallic and absorber back contact for the heterojunction thin film solar cell technology.
Sistem Rekomendasi Pencarian Keahlian Mahasiswa Berdasarkan Curriculum Vittae Dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)
Authors: Purnomo Fendi Aji , Pratisto Eko Harry , Nurrizqi Afif Zidan
Published: February 2019

The current technological developments, leading to the recruitment of skilled and ready-to-work Human Resources (HR) in the company to increase. Diploma III Program Informatics Engineering is one of the study program that produces skilled workers in the field of information technology (IT). There are several companies that request human resources graduate Diploma III Informatics Engineering, but the manager of the study program found it difficult to choose which graduates who have the skills required by the company. In this research has been made an application that can provide recommendations on the expertise inherent in the graduates using simple additive weighting method. The research method applied to design and make this system is by using Waterfall research method that is Software Requirements Gathering and Analysis, Design, Coding, and Testing. Decision Support System Curriculum Vitae is created using PHP-based programming framework YII 2 and MariaDB database. The application features consist of Curriculum Vitae data management function, Curriculum Vitae print, and Student recommendation search with user specified criteria weight. The results of manual and systematic simulation testing resulted in an appropriate ranking sequence in providing recommendations on the skills of the student.
The Affordable Care Act and Access to Care for Reproductive-Aged and Pregnant Women in the United States, 2010–2016
Authors: Daw Jamie R. , Sommers Benjamin D.
Published: February 2019

Objectives. To estimate the association between the Affordable Care Act (ACA), health insurance coverage, and access to care among reproductive-aged and pregnant women.

Methods. We performed an observational study comparing current insurance type, cost-related barriers to medical care, and no usual source of care among reproductive-aged (n = 128 352) and pregnant (n = 2179) female respondents to the National Health Interview Survey in the United States, before (2010–2013) and after (2015–2016) the ACA coverage expansions.

Results. Among reproductive-aged women, the ACA was associated with a 7.4 percentage-point decrease in the probability of uninsurance (95% confidence interval [CI] = −8.6, −6.2), a 3.6 percentage-point increase in Medicaid (95% CI = 2.5, 4.7), and a 3.1 percentage-point increase in nongroup private coverage (95% CI = 2.1, 4.1). The ACA was also associated with a 1.5 percentage-point decline in cost-related barriers to medical care (95% CI = −2.6, −0.5) and a 2.4 percentage-point reduction in lacking a usual source of care (95% CI = −4.5, −0.3). We did not find significant changes in insurance or cost-related barriers to care for pregnant women.

Conclusions. The ACA was associated with expanded insurance coverage and improvements in access to care for women of reproductive age, particularly for those with lower incomes.
Pharmaceutical Industry Support of US Patient Advocacy Organizations: An International Context
Authors: Kang So-Yeon , Bai Ge , Karas Laura , Anderson Gerard F.
Published: February 2019

Objectives. To examine whether the share of pharmaceutical industry funds allocated to patient advocacy organizations (PAOs) is disproportionately large in the United States relative to other industrialized countries and to compare pharmaceutical companies’ disclosure practices across industrialized countries.

Methods. We examined funding of PAOs among the 10 largest pharmaceutical companies in 2016. We compared funding allocated to organizations across 8 large industrialized countries and pharmaceutical companies’ disclosure practices in each country.

Results. Only 6 of the 10 largest pharmaceutical companies disclosed their financial transactions with PAOs in the United States. All 10 companies disclosed transactions in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, with varying levels of disclosure in other countries. In 2016, the 6 companies that disclosed transactions in the United States allocated 74% of their patient advocacy funding ($88 million) in the United States.

Conclusions. The disproportionate funding of US PAOs in the absence of any disclosure requirements suggests that the United States should consider adoption of regulatory actions to enhance the transparency of relationships between the pharmaceutical industry and PAOs, and to ensure the integrity of public health decision-making.