bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY STRUCTURE FORMING THE GROUNDWORK FOR A TERRITORIAL ENVIRONMENTAL PASSPORT
Authors: Bolsherotov A. L.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim.The aim of the study is to develop an environmental passport based on the structure of integrated environmental safety for construction projects. With each year that passes, environmental problems are coming increasingly to the fore. As part of mitigation efforts, an environmental passport is required to assess and control the environmental safety of construction areas and building sites.

Method.The study is based on the development of a sound model of integrated environmental safety in construction projects and a methodology for calculating its indicators, in particular, the indicator of “degree of concentration”. The methodology of ranking the factors by importance is applied.

Results.The structure of a building site's environmental passport is presented, taking the entire spectrum of its direct impact and environmental pollution into account, as well as the indirect impact, energy efficiency and autonomy of the site. The scope of the environmental passport comprises the entire building lifecycle, from design to operation and liquidation. An environmental passport en-ables the identification of problematic impacts on the geophraphical area from an environmental point of view, as well as giving recommendations for resolving problems. The threshold of environ-mental safety is set for each geographical area under assessment (i.e., for each building project and geographical area, it is determined by the composition of relevant factors) and the existing level of environmental pollution is determined along with the ecological reserve of the area and its steady state range, i.e., the acceptable level of deviation of environmental safety indicators, which depends on temporary factors and the objective reality of the functioning of the infrastructure of the evaluated territory. For the design and construction of building projects, indicators of environmental reserve and technogenic pressure of the facility are of fundamental importance when making decisions.

Conclusion.The article presents a rational assessment of the main indicators of the environmental pass-port, providing the structure of a comprehensive assessment of environmental safety. The research results are presented and the scope of the environmental passport proposed in the assessment of geo-graphical areas and evaluation of facilities and design.
THEORETICAL BASIS OF COMPATIBILITY OF COMPLETELY-FILLED MULTICOMPONENT BINDING SYSTEMS
Authors: Salamanova M. Sh. , Murtazaev S. A.Yu. , Bataev D. K.-S. , Alaskhanov A. Kh.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim. An important direction in contemporary concrete science is aimed at the development of multicomponent systems using mineral powder fillers in a finely dispersed state to create strong and durable building composites. One of the most significant factors affecting the properties of multicomponent systems is the compatibility of its components. Efforts on the part of leading scientific institutes are aimed at replacing expensive and energy-intensive Portland cement with composite concrete products produced using mixed binders. In this context, the development of modern effective composites based on clinkerless alkaline binders becomes an urgent problem.

Methods. Studies into the compatibility of multicomponent cementing systems are based on a contemporary technological approach that contributes to the production of strong and durable cement stone, without the use of traditional Portland cement.

Results. Electron probe studies and X-ray phase analysis of concrete produced using a clinker-free alkaline activation binder showed that the studied multicomponent system contains a hydro-aluminosilicate zeolite phase of variable composition, as well as indicating the presence of calcite, quartz, albite feldspar, mica, zeolites and potassium feldspar.

Conclusion. The results of the studies confirm the compatibility of all components of the multicomponent system comprised of mineral powder, alkaline coater and surfactant. The proposed technological method can be used to produce strong and durable building composites with clinker-free technology avoiding the use of expensive and energy-intensive Portland cement. Acknowledgments. The work was performed as part of research on the implementation of scientific project No. 05.607.21.0320. “Development of technology for new building composites on clinker-free alkaline binders using substandard natural and secondary raw materials” which received support from the federal target program “Research and Development in Priority Directions for the Development of the Russian Science and Technology Complex for 2014-2020.” Unique identifier for the agreement RFMTFI60719X0320.
THERMOELECTRIC HEAT EXCHANGER - HEAT TRANSMISSION INTENSIFIER FOR MAINTAINING A THERMAL REGIME IN ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Yusufov Sh. A.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim. The article presents a thermoelectric heat exchanger / heat transfer intensifier design for ensuring the thermal regime of electronic equipment located in external installations.

Method. Methods for modelling heat exchange processes were applied.

Result. A thermoelectric system is proposed, consisting of a heat exchanger / heat transfer intensifier component located in an external installation. In structural terms, the external installation comprises a compartment disposing electronic heatgenerating components, in which are located channels for ventilating external air, while a second compartment contains elements that require to be sealed from external influences, in cluding contact with external cooling air. A mathematical model is provided for determining the temperature of air flows from the heatexchange surfaces of a thermoelectric system (TES), as well as the limiting length of a thermoelectric system to achieve equal output temperature at given supply currents of thermoelectric batteries.

Conclusion. On the basis of the conducted studies, it is concluded that a longer thermoelectric system for ensuring the intensification mode corresponds to an increased difference in the temperature of the coolant at the inlet. The temperature of the air flow at the outlet becomes lower with a further increase in length due to the thermoelectric heat exchanger entering the operating mode of the thermoelectric refrigeration unit.
METHOD FOR EVALUATING EXCAVATION SHORING DESIGN CONCEPTS
Authors: Zheglova Yu. G. , Titarenko B. P.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Aim.When conducting engineering and geological surveys at the conceptual stage of the feasibility study, it is necessary to create an automated system that allows the designer to take all possible factors into account and choose the most optimal design solution for the shoring of excavations.

Method. The study is based on dynamic programming methods based on the principle of Bellman optimality. Logical convolution matrices are applied according to the dichotomy method.

Results. As a result of the logical convolution of the aggregated criteria of the environmental parameters K12 along with the parameters of the surrounding buildings K34, a comprehensive assessment of the design solution for a foundation shoring fence is obtained such as to ensure the technical characteristics and safety of the development zone. However, a considerable influence on the choice of the design solution for the building envelope is exerted by the cost of its construction. Therefore, the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the shoring fence considering the economic efficiency of the KOE is obtained by combining the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the foundation shoring fence KO with the criterion of economic efficiency of the design decision K5.

Conclusion. The analysis of methods for solving optimisation problems demonstrates that the method of complex estimates based on the theory of active systems is optimal for the task of evaluating design solutions for foundation shoring fences.
Структура электрогидродинамических течений инжекционного типа в переменном поле
Authors: Коротков А.А. , Стишков Ю.К.
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of the study of the structure of electrohydrodynamic flows under an alternating electric field. The study is based on the results of computer simulation of EHD flows in the needle-plane electrode system. The characteristic frequency range of the supply sinusoidal voltage with an amplitude of 5 kV is considered. A description of the changes in the charge and velocity structure of EHD flows is carried out, characteristic features depending on the frequency of changes in the supply voltage are revealed. The periodicity of this type of EHD flows is shown.
Анализ электростатического взаимодействия димерных комплексов. II. Критерии и условия, предъявляемые к ингибиторам производных белка АРР
Authors: Кошлан Т.В. , Куликов К.Г.
Published: April 2020

Представлены расчеты, методы подбора и даны характеристики ингибиторов образования высокомолекулярных структур амилоидными пептидами, дано объяснение их блокирующему действию. Подробно рассмотрены биофизические требования к ингибиторам, критерии и условия их отбора, которые будут блокировать образование амилоидами структур высокого порядка. В качестве ингибиторов были изучены модифицированные пептиды, которые будут образовывать с амилоидными пептидами устойчивые димеры, предотвращая тем самым вступление амилоидов во все новые биохимические реакции. Рассмотрено вступление амилоидов в биохимические реакции с себе подобными амилоидными пептидами и не будет рассмотрено их возможное реагирование со стенками сосудов. При этом в качестве критерия оценки стабильности димерного комплекса были использованы: логарифм числа обусловленности матрицы потенциальной энергии попарного электростатического взаимодействия между аминокислотными остатками и дифференциальная энтропия для случая многомерного нормального распределения. Ключевые слова: болезнь Альцгеймера, амилоиды, ключевые аминокислотные остатки, пептиды, число обусловленности, изменение меры дифференциальной энтропии.
Индий-индуцированная кристаллизация тонких пленок аморфного субоксида кремния
Authors: Замчий А.О. , Баранов Е.А. , Меркулова И.Е. , Лунев Н.А. , Володин В.А. , Максимовский Е.А.
Published: April 2020

A novel fabrication method of polycrystalline silicon by indium-induced crystallization (InIC) of amorphous silicon suboxide thin films with a stoichiometric coefficient of 0.5 (a-SiO0.5) is proposed. It was shown that the use of indium in the annealing process of a SiO0.5 allowed to decrease the crystallization temperature to 600°С which was significantly lower than the solid-phase crystallization temperature of the material - 850°С. As a result of the high-vacuum InIC of a-SiO0.5, the formation of free-standing micron-sized crystalline silicon particles took place.
Особенности токопереноса в пленках поливинилового спирта с включениями многостенных углеродных нанотрубок на подложках Si
Authors: Васин С.В. , Ефимов M.C. , Сергеев В.А.
Published: April 2020

It is shown that aluminum / polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with the inclusion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) / silicon planar structures demonstrate rectifying properties and their current-voltage characteristics are asymmetric and non-linear. With direct bias, the structures have a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) in the temperature range of 270-350 K, while the structures without MWCNTs exhibit negative TCR. Under reverse bias, the studied structures with MWCNTs showed TCS changing sign from negative to positive. To explain the obtained dependences, the tunneling mechanism of current transfer is considered.
The Role of YouTube and the Entertainment Industry in Saving Lives by Educating and Mobilizing the Public to Adopt Behaviors for Community Mitigation of COVID-19: Successive Sampling Design Study (Preprint)
Authors: Basch Charles E , Basch Corey H , Hillyer Grace C , Jaime Christie
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Effective community mitigation through voluntary behavior change is currently the best way to reduce mortality caused by coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study builds on our prior study based on the scientific premise that YouTube is one of the most effective ways to communicate and mobilize the public in community mitigation to reduce exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

OBJECTIVE

Because of the rapidly changing nature of YouTube in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a follow-up study to document how coverage of preventive behaviors for effective community mitigation has changed.

METHODS

A successive sampling design was used to compare coverage of behaviors to mitigate community transmission of COVID-19 in the 100 most widely viewed YouTube videos in January 2020 and March 2020.

RESULTS

Videos in the January and March samples were viewed >125 million times and >355 million times, respectively. Fewer than half of the videos in either sample covered any of the prevention behaviors recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but many covered key prevention behaviors and were very widely viewed. There were no videos uploaded by entertainment television in the January sample, but this source comprised the majority of videos and garnered the majority of cumulative views in the March sample.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the incredible reach of YouTube and the potential value of partnership with the entertainment industry for communicating and mobilizing the public about community mitigation to reduce mortality from the COVID-19 viral pandemic.
Effects of an Overground Walking Program With a Robotic Exoskeleton on Long-Term Manual Wheelchair Users With a Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Self-Controlled Interventional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bass Alec , Aubertin-Leheudre Mylène , Vincent Claude , Karelis Antony D , Morin Suzanne N , McKerral Michelle , Duclos Cyril , Gagnon Dany H
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

In wheelchair users with a chronic spinal cord injury (WUSCI), prolonged nonactive sitting time and reduced physical activity—typically linked to this mode of mobility—contribute to the development or exacerbation of cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and endocrine-metabolic health complications that are often linked to increased risks of chronic pain or psychological morbidity. Limited evidence suggests that engaging in a walking program with a wearable robotic exoskeleton may be a promising physical activity intervention to counter these detrimental health effects.

OBJECTIVE

This study’s overall goals are as follows: (1) to determine the effects of a 16-week wearable robotic exoskeleton–assisted walking program on organic systems, functional capacities, and multifaceted psychosocial factors and (2) to determine self-reported satisfaction and perspectives with regard to the intervention and the device.

METHODS

A total of 20 WUSCI, who have had their injuries for more than 18 months, will complete an overground wearable robotic exoskeleton–assisted walking program (34 sessions; 60 min/session) supervised by a physiotherapist over a 16-week period (one to three sessions/week). Data will be collected 1 month prior to the program, at the beginning, and at the end as well as 2 months after completing the program. Assessments will characterize sociodemographic characteristics; anthropometric parameters; sensorimotor impairments; pain; lower extremity range of motion and spasticity; wheelchair abilities; cardiorespiratory fitness; upper extremity strength; bone architecture and mineral density at the femur, tibia, and radius; total and regional body composition; health-related quality of life; and psychological health. Interviews and an online questionnaire will be conducted to measure users’ satisfaction levels and perspectives at the end of the program. Differences across measurement times will be verified using appropriate parametric or nonparametric analyses of variance for repeated measures.

RESULTS

This study is currently underway with active recruitment in Montréal, Québec, Canada. Results are expected in the spring of 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

The results from this study will be essential to guide the development, implementation, and evaluation of future evidence-based wearable robotic exoskeleton–assisted walking programs offered in the community, and to initiate a reflection regarding the use of wearable robotic exoskeletons during initial rehabilitation following a spinal cord injury.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03989752; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03989752

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/19251
Development of a Web-Based Mindfulness Program for People With Multiple Sclerosis: Qualitative Co-Design Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sesel Amy-Lee , Sharpe Louise , Beadnall Heidi N , Barnett Michael H , Szabo Marianna , Naismith Sharon L
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Mindfulness-based stress reduction is an efficacious treatment for people with chronic health problems; however, it is highly intensive and time-consuming, which is a barrier for service provision.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop an internet-delivered adapted version of mindfulness-based stress reduction for people with multiple sclerosis to make the intervention more accessible.

METHODS

We co-designed a web-based mindfulness program with end users, that is, people with multiple sclerosis (N=19). Iterative feedback was also collected from a subsample of the initial group of end users (n=11), and the program was reviewed by experts (n=8).

RESULTS

We identified three main themes common to people with multiple sclerosis: dealing with uncertainty and fears for the future, grief and loss, and social isolation. These themes were incorporated into narratives throughout the program. People with multiple sclerosis who reviewed the program gave feedback that the program was relatable, feasible, and acceptable. Experts agreed that the program appropriately represented the main tenets of mindfulness. Iterative feedback was used to further refine the program.

CONCLUSIONS

The web-based mindfulness program that we developed was viewed positively by both experts and end users. The program reflects common concerns for people with multiple sclerosis and has the potential to meet important unmet psychological needs. A randomized controlled trial was planned to determine the efficacy of the program.
Analysing and comparing the COVID-19 data: The closed cases of Hubei and South Korea, the dark March in Europe, the beginning of the outbreak in South America (Preprint)
Authors: De Leo Stefano , Maia Gabriel Gulak , Solidoro Leonardo
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The present work is a statistical analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the number of cases worldwide overtakes one million, data reveals closed outbreaks in Hubei and South Korea, with a new slight increase in the number of infected people in the latter. Both of these countries have reached a plateau in the number of Total Confirmed Cases per Million (TCCpM) residents, suggesting a trend to be followed by other affected regions.

OBJECTIVE

Using Hubei's data as a basis of analysis, we have studied the spreading rate of COVID-19 and modelled the epidemic center for 10 European countries. We have also given the final TCCpM curves for Italy and Lombardia. The introduction of the $\boldsymbol{\alpha}$-factor allows us to analyse the different stages of the outbreak, compare the European countries amongst each other, and, finally, to confront the initial phase of the disease between Europe and South America.

METHODS

By dividing the TCCpM curves in multiple sections spanning short time frames we were able to fit each section to a linear model. By pairing then the angular coefficient ( factor) of each section to the total number of confirmed infections at the center of the corresponding time interval, we have analysed how the spreading rate of Covid-19 changes as more people are infected. Also, by modelling the TCCpM curves with an asymmetrical time integral of a Normal Distribution, we were able to study, by fitting progressively larger data ensembles, how the fitting parameters change as more data becomes available.

RESULTS

The data analysis shows that the spreading rate of COVID-19 increases similarly for all countries in its early stage, but changes as the number of TCCpM in each country grows. Regarding the modelling of the TCCpM curves, we have found that the fitting parameters oscillate with time before reaching constant values. The estimation of such values allows the determination of better parameters for the model, which in turn leads to more trustworthy forecasts on the pandemic development.

CONCLUSIONS

The analysis of the oscillating fitting parameters allows an early prediction of the TCC, epidemic center and standard deviation of the outbreak. The alpha factor and the recovered over confirmed cases ratio can be used to understand the pandemic development in each country and to compare the protective measures taken by local authorities and their impact on the spreading of the disease.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.06.20055327
Hacking Health Level 7 Protocol: a man-in-the-middle proof of concept attack (Preprint)
Authors: Bland Maxwell , Goebel Mat , Tully Jeffrey , Ragone Eleanor , Dameff Christian
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Health Level 7 (HL7) is a ubiquitous protocol in healthcare infrastructure, used to interface a variety of systems. HL7 lacks encryption at the level of the protocol, and is thus vulnerable to attacks that modify message contents. We describe a sophisticated man-in-the-middle attack that injects misinformation into clinical workflow that can cause patient harm.
Development of Screening Tool for Assessing Pre-exercise Fitness Level (WEFIT) for Older Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Vanoh Divya , Mat Ludin Arimi Fitri , Shahar Suzana , Mohd Noah Shahrul Azman , Abdul Manaf Zahara , Mohd Tohit Noorlaili
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Pre-exercise screening is important to identify the fitness level of older adults prior to performing exercise.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a screening tool for identifying older adults with poor physical fitness prior to exercising.

METHODS

Subjects involved 2315 older adults. Several social and health parameters were investigated and fitness level was assessed using hand grip strength. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was chosen to determine the cut-off point, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and Youden`s Index of the screening tool.

RESULTS

Age, sex, waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and fasting blood sugar were selected as items of screening tool. The screening tool had sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 80.9%, PPV of 79% and Youden`s Index of 0.579%.

CONCLUSIONS

The fitness screening tool has good sensitivity, specificity, PPV and Youden`s Index. Hence, it is suitable to be used for identification of older adults with poor physical fitness.
African American Adolescents and Young Adults, New Media, and Sexual Health: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Teadt Sierra , Burns Jade C , Montgomery Tiffany M , Darbes Lynae
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies are disproportionately high among African American adolescents and young adults (AYA). New media platforms such as social networking sites, microblogs, online video sites, and mobile phone applications may be a promising approach in promoting safe sex and preventing sexually transmitted infections.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this scoping review was to address promising approaches in new media that may serve as valuable tools in health promotion, prevention, education, and intervention development aimed at African American AYA.

METHODS

An electronic search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINHAL), and PubMed online databases. Concept blocks and MeSH terminology were used to identify articles around African American youth and new media.

RESULTS

The search yielded 1169 articles, and 16 publications met the criteria. Studies from the review found themes in new media that included feasibility, changing attitudes, and improving knowledge related to sexual health behavior among youth of color.

CONCLUSIONS

New media is a promising and feasible platform for improving the sexual health of African American AYA. Further research is suggested to better understand the benefits of new media as a sexual health promotion tool among this specific population.
Influence of the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak on the Uptake of a Popular Smoking Cessation App in UK Smokers: Interrupted Time Series Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Perski Olga , Herbeć Aleksandra , Shahab Lion , Brown Jamie
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak may motivate smokers to attempt to stop in greater numbers. However, given the temporary closure of UK stop smoking services and vape shops, smokers attempting to quit may instead seek out mobile health support, such as smartphone apps.

OBJECTIVE

We examined, using an interrupted time series approach, whether the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has been associated with a step change or increasing trend in UK downloads of an otherwise popular smoking cessation app, Smoke Free.

METHODS

Data were from daily and nondaily adult smokers in the United Kingdom who had downloaded the Smoke Free app between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2020 (primary analysis), and January 1, 2019, and March 31, 2020 (secondary analysis). The outcome variable was the number of downloads aggregated at the 12-hourly (primary analysis) or daily level (secondary analysis). The explanatory variable was the start of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, operationalized as March 1, 2020 (primary analysis), and January 15, 2020 (secondary analysis). Generalized additive mixed models adjusted for relevant covariates were fitted.

RESULTS

Data were collected on 45,105 (primary analysis) and 119,881 (secondary analysis) users. In both analyses, there was no evidence for a step change or increasing trend in downloads attributable to the start of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Calculation of Bayes factors (BFs) indicated that the data for the primary analysis favored the null hypothesis compared with large associations (for level, BF=0.25; for slope, BF=0.26) but were insensitive to the detection of small associations (for level, BF=0.78; for slope, BF=1.35).

CONCLUSIONS

In the United Kingdom, between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2020, and between January 1, 2019, and March 31, 2020, there was no evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has been associated with a large step change or increasing trend in downloads of a popular smoking cessation app. Findings on the association of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak with a small step change or increasing trend were inconclusive.
Stories to Communicate Individual Risk for Opioid Prescriptions for Back and Kidney Stone Pain: Protocol for the Life STORRIED Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Meisel Zachary F , Goldberg Erica B , Dolan Abby R , Bansal Esha , Rhodes Karin V , Hess Erik P , Cannuscio Carolyn C , Schapira Marilyn M , Perrone Jeanmarie , Rodgers Melissa A , Zyla Michael M , Bell Jeffrey J , McCollum Sharon , Shofer Frances S
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Prescription opioid misuse in the United States is a devastating public health crisis; many chronic opioid users were originally prescribed this class of medication for acute pain. Video narrative–enhanced risk communication may improve patient outcomes, such as knowledge of opioid risk and opioid use behaviors after an episode of acute pain.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to assess the effect of probabilistic and narrative-enhanced opioid risk communication on patient-reported outcomes, including knowledge, opioid use, and patient preferences, for patients who present to emergency departments with back pain and kidney stone pain.

METHODS

This is a multisite randomized controlled trial. Patients presenting to the acute care facilities of four geographically and ethnically diverse US hospital centers with acute renal colic pain or musculoskeletal back and/or neck pain are eligible for this randomized controlled trial. A control group of patients receiving general risk information is compared to two intervention groups: one receiving the risk information sheet plus an individualized, visual probabilistic Opioid Risk Tool (ORT) and another receiving the risk information sheet plus a video narrative–enhanced probabilistic ORT. We will study the effect of probabilistic and narrative-enhanced opioid risk communication on the following: risk awareness and recall at 14 days postenrollment, reduced use or preferences for opioids after the emergency department episode, and alignment with patient preference and provider prescription. To assess these outcomes, we administer baseline patient surveys during acute care admission and follow-up surveys at predetermined times during the 3 months after discharge.

RESULTS

A total of 1302 patients were enrolled over 24 months. The mean age of the participants was 40 years (SD 14), 692 out of 1302 (53.15%) were female, 556 out of 1302 (42.70%) were White, 498 out of 1302 (38.25%) were Black, 1002 out of 1302 (76.96%) had back pain, and 334 out of 1302 (25.65%) were at medium or high risk. Demographics and ORT scores were equally distributed across arms.

CONCLUSIONS

This study seeks to assess the potential clinical role of narrative-enhanced, risk-informed communication for acute pain management in acute care settings. This paper outlines the protocol used to implement the study and highlights crucial methodological, statistical, and stakeholder involvement as well as dissemination considerations.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03134092; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03134092

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/19496
Using Information Technology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic: Development of a Technical Framework Based on Practical Experience in China (Preprint)
Authors: Ye Qing , Zhou Jin , Wu Hong
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic poses an enormous challenge to the global health system, and governments have taken active preventive and control measures. The health informatics community in China has actively taken action to leverage health information technologies for epidemic monitoring, detection, early warning, prevention and control, and other tasks.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop a technical framework to respond to the COVID-19 epidemic from a health informatics perspective.

METHODS

In this study, we collected health information technology–related information to understand the actions taken by the health informatics community in China during the COVID-19 outbreak and developed a health information technology framework for epidemic response based on health information technology–related measures and methods.

RESULTS

Based on the framework, we review specific health information technology practices for managing the outbreak in China, describe the highlights of their application in detail, and discuss critical issues to consider when using health information technology. Technologies employed include mobile and web-based services such as Internet hospitals and Wechat, big data analyses (including digital contact tracing through QR codes or epidemic prediction), cloud computing, Internet of things, Artificial Intelligence (including the use of drones, robots, and intelligent diagnoses), 5G telemedicine, and clinical information systems to facilitate clinical management for COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS

Practical experience in China shows that health information technologies play a pivotal role in responding to the COVID-19 epidemic.
To Predict Epidemic Situation: Application of COVID-19 Pneumonia Diffusion Data (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Zhenguo
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

In December 2019, a number of cases of pneumonia with unknown causes were found in some hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. On 11 March 2020, the director-general of the world health organization (WHO), Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, announced that based on the assessment, WHO believes that the current outbreak of COVID-19 can be called a global pandemic. By early April 2020, there were more than one million confirmed cases worldwide.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate novel coronavirus pneumonia cases by establishing the mathematical model of the number of confirmed cases daily, and to assess the current situation and development of the epidemic situation, so as to provide a digital basis for decision-making.

METHODS

The number of newly confirmed covid-19 cases per day was taken as the research object, and the seven-day average value (M) and the sequential value (R) of M were calculated to study the occurrence and development of covid-19 epidemic through the analysis of charts and data.

RESULTS

M reflected the current situation of epidemic development; R reflected the current level of infection and the trend of epidemic development.

CONCLUSIONS

The current data can be used to evaluate the number of people who have been infected, and when R < 1, the peak of epidemic can be predicted.
The Influence of Supervisor and Co-Worker Social Support Towards Resilient Self-Efficacy of Psychiatric Hospital Nurses
Authors: Sari Tasia Puspa , Setiawan Jenny Lukito
Published: April 2020

The standard and complexity of nurse job tend to create heavy burden for nurses in performing nursing duties. The current study aimed to examine the influence of social support from supervisors and co-workers towards the resilient self-efficacy of psychiatric hospital nurses. The participants were 70 psychiatric hospital nurses in Surabaya. The study used Social Support Scale and Resilient Self-efficacy Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that supervisor and co-worker support simultaneously had a significant influence on psychiatric hospital nurses’ resilient self-efficacy (F = 32.837; p<0.05) with contribution of 35% (R2 = 0.3528). Hypothesis testing showed that when given separately, supervisor social support did not influence psychiatric hospital nurses’ resilient self-efficacy (r=0.089; p > 0.05). However, co-worker social support significantly influenced psychiatric hospital nurses’ resilient self-efficacy even when given separately (r=0.558; p < 0.05). This study concluded that compared with supervisor social support, co-worker social support significantly influenced psychiatric hospital nurses’ resilient self-efficacy.
PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DAN CAPITAL INTENSITY TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Dwi Sandra Monifa Yuliana , Anwar Achmad Syaiful Hidayat
Published: April 2020

This study aims to investigate the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Capital Intensity on the level of tax avoidance. This research is an associative study, with the population of mining companies listed on the IDX from 2015 to 2017. The samplig technique is Purposive sampling, and obtained a total sample of 48 companies. The data studied is the secondary data, which is then tested by Multiple Linear Regression analysis. The results demonstrate that the two variables have a significance value (p-value) < α 0.05, both in simultaneous and partial tests. CSR has a coefficient of -0.818, meanwhile, Capital intensity has a coefficient of 0.484. Therefore, it can be concluded that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has a significantly negative effect on the tax avoidance. The higher the level of CSR disclosure, the lower the practice of tax avoidance. In addition, Capital intensity proved to have a significantly positive effect on the tax avoidance. The higher the company's capital intensity, the higher the tax avoidance practice.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI MANAJEMAN DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP MANAJEMEN PAJAK PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Kristina Dhina , Suprapti Eny , Nur Thoufan
Published: April 2020

This study examines corporate governance influencing tax management behavior and contributes to the literature on corporate governance. This research is management compensation and corporate corporate governance mechanism, in managing taxes to improve performance. This study found that there was a significant positive effect on management compensation variables in corporate tax management in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. There is a significant positive effect on the variable Corporate Governance on corporate tax management in Manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Management compensation has a dominant influence on corporate tax management in Manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
ANALISIS KINERJA REKSADANA SYARIAH DI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SHARPE
Authors: Wardhani Raudhah Trisna , Juanda Ahmad , Syam Dhaniel
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of Islamic mutual funds that include stocks, fixed income, mixes, and money markets using Sharpe method. The type of research conducted is quantitative descriptive research. Data collection method in this research is documentation technique with secondary data that is through official website bareksa.com. In performance measurement, in this research, the researcher only use one method only that is a method of shape. The performance of mutual funds using this shaping method can be analyzed using three indicators; the rate of return of mutual fund, the risk of a mutual fund with standard deviation, a method of shape. Based on the calculation of Sharpe can be concluded that the highest performance among Islamic mutual funds that include stocks, fixed income, mix and money market in 2015, 2016, 2017 is sharia mutual fund shares. Sharia mutual fund shares can be said to be the highest because in the three performance indicators mentioned above mutual funds sharia shares obtain the highest results when compared with other types of mutual funds sharia.
Perception of Insurable Interest in European Insurance Law
Authors: Mantrov Vadim
Published: April 2020

This article explores regulation of insurable interest in insurance law from the European perspective in general and the perspective of Latvian contract insurance law in particular. At the beginning, the present article provides overview of regulation of insurable interest at international law and national law from the perspective of European countries. Furthermore, the article analyses essential aspects of insurable interest such as understanding of the concept of insurable interest both at the doctrinal (academic) level and legislative level; the person who shall demonstrate insurable interest; and time when insurable interest by that person should be demonstrated. The analysis is based on discussion of various approaches employed by different European countries and comparison with the approach of Latvian insurance contract law. This article finishes with conclusions following the discussion contained therein.
Oblicza przemocy w dyskursie nauki, publicystyki oraz w doświadczeniach ofiar
Authors: Nowak-Dziemianowicz Mirosława
Published: April 2020

W artykule przedstawiam jeden rodzaj przemocy – przemoc w rodzinie i jej konsekwencje. Proponuję spojrzenie na ten problem z dwóch różnych, wzajemnie uzupełniających się perspektyw. Z perspektywy teorii nauk społecznych, oraz z perspektywy towarzyszącego im dyskursu publicznego. Opisuję także doświadczenia ofiar przemocy. Zastosowane metody analizy to krytyczna analiza tekstów naukowych, krytyczna analiza publicystyki, wywiad skoncentrowany na problemie oraz krytyczna analiza wypowiedzi dorosłych, którzy na podstawie retrospekcji udostępnili swoje doświadczenia związane z przemocą w rodzinie. Kontekstem zaprezentowanych analiz jest krytycznie zrekonstruowany dyskurs dotyczący przeobrażeń współczesnej rodziny.
Wybrane sposoby ochrony kobiet doświadczających przemocy małżeńskiej – uwarunkowania prawne a ocena praktyków
Authors: Halicka Małgorzata , Halicki Jerzy , Kramkowska Emilia , Czykier Krzysztof , Szafranek Anna
Published: April 2020

Przemoc małżeńska jest trudnym doświadczeniem, na zawsze albo na bardzo długo burzącym spokój życia rodzinnego, odbierającym pokrzywdzonym poczucie bezpieczeństwa – jedną z najważniejszych potrzeb człowieka. Wobec tego problemu nie można pozostać obojętnym. W związku z tym system prawny państwa zapewnia określone mechanizmy, mające chronić osoby doznające przemocy. Czy są to narzędzia skuteczne? Przedkładany artykuł omawia to zagadnienie, udzielając odpowiedzi na tak postawione pytanie, w oparciu o wyniki badań zrealizowanych w ramach międzynarodowego projektu SNaP „Special Needs and Protection Orders” z programu Daphne III. Badania o charakterze jakościowym (wielokrotne studium przypadku) przeprowadzono wśród praktyków, na co dzień zawodowo zajmujących się przemocą w rodzinie, uzupełnione zostały o wyniki analizy akt z Sądu Rejonowego w Białymstoku. W zależności od reprezentowanego obszaru pomocy, wybrane sposoby ochrony kobiet doświadczających przemocy małżeńskiej oceniane są przez praktyków inaczej, bardziej lub mnie pozytywnie. Polaryzacja opinii jest rzeczą naturalną. Nie ulega jednak wątpliwości, iż skuteczność zapewniania bezpieczeństwa osobom pokrzywdzonym w wyniku agresywnych zachowań domowników jest coraz większa, a o wciąż istniejących niedomaganiach systemu trzeba mówić, by zostały one w przyszłości udoskonalone.
Osobowość i myślenie twórcze osób niedostosowanych społecznie w kontekście resocjalizacji twórczej
Authors: Wysocka Ewa , Ostafińska-Molik Barbara
Published: April 2020

Artykuł porusza istotną kwestię dotyczącą myślenia twórczego i osobowości twórczej osób (chłopców) z zaburzeniami zachowania. Badania były prowadzone w Młodzieżowych Ośrodkach Wychowawczych, znajdujących się w jednym z południowych województw Polski. Badana próba to chłopcy w wieku 12–18 lat (N=135). To co jest istotne, to fakt, iż w badaniach przyjęto perspektywę percepcji zaburzonego zachowania przez samą młodzież w kontekście twórczego myślenia i osobowości. Zastosowano procedurę narzędzi samoopisowych: Arkusz Obserwacyjny Th.M. Achenbacha (Youth Self-Report – YSR) oraz Kwestionariusz Osobowości i Myślenia Twórczego – KOMT E. Charzyńskiej i E. Wysockiej. Zastosowane procedury statystyczne to statystyki opisowe, korelacje oraz regresja liniowa (wieloraka). Wyniki analizy regresji wskazują na znaczenie typu zaburzeń (internalizacyjne, eksternalizacyjne) dla kształtowania się wyobrażeń o sobie młodzieży niedostosowanej społecznie (w zakresie cech osobowości twórczej i myślenia twórczego).
Karyotype analysis and karyological relationships of Turkish Bunium species (Apiaceae)
Authors: Çelik Mustafa , Bağcı Yavuz , Martin Esra , Eroğlu Halil
Published: April 2020

Chromosomal data and karyological relationships provide valuable information about karyotype evolution and speciation. For the genus Bunium, the chromosomal data are limited. In the present study, the chromosomal data of 10 taxa are provided, 6 of which are given for the first time, 2 present new chromosome numbers, and 2 agree with previous reports. Four different chromosome numbers (2n=18, 20, 22 and 40) were detected, and 2n=40 is a new number in the genus Bunium. B. brachyactis is the first polyploid species of the genus with a ploidy level of 4x. The most asymmetric karyotypes are those of B. pinnatifolium and B. sayae. Regarding karyological relationships, B. pinnatifolium forms a monophyletic group by quite different karyological features such as large chromosomes, more submedian chromosomes and the most asymmetric karyotypes. In addition, the other 5 taxa form a strong monophyletic group. B. verruculosum and B. ferulaceum are cytotaxonomically very close species, as are B. sayae and B. elegans var. elegans. The chromosome numbers of 2 Turkish species, B. nudum and B. sivasicum, remain unknown. The presented results provide important contributions to the cytotaxonomy of Bunium.
Carryforward Effects of CSR Champions
Authors: Feng Nancy Chun , Malik Mahfuja
Published: April 2020

SYNOPSIS

This study investigates whether executives of socially responsible firms carry forward corporate social policies when they move to different firms. In order to identify the carryforward effects of top executives on corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies, we construct a data set by tracking the movements of executives across firms. We designate top executives as CSR Champions if their firms demonstrate superior-quality CSR practices. We find that the entrance of a CSR Champion into a new firm improves its CSR performance, and we label these incremental effects CSR-Carryforward Effects. Our findings are stronger in firms with poor past CSR performance. Overall, this study extends the executive and CSR-related literature by documenting that executives of socially responsible firms have positive CSR-related effects on their new firms.

JEL Classifications: M12; M14.
Selling culture, The Growth of Wine Tourism
Authors: Wilson Damien
Published: April 2020

We’ve learned that tourists look for a short-term change in their lives; a sense of excitement in the unfamiliar, and to live life of ‘the other’ albeit briefly (Ooi & Laing, 2010; Smith et al., 2010; Getz & Cheyne, 1997). Tourists actively search for experiences that enrich their lives. ‘Tourists bring money and jobs to [a] local economy’ (Xie, 2011, p. 162); but this new-found commercial appeal, while it might deliver economic development, is a two-edged sword. As any local economy grows, the spending power of tourists inflates prices, affecting the capacity of local communities to maintain their lives in their traditional manner. The charm of an authentic experience of life in another culture quickly begins to wane once tourist services overtake local culture. In essence, the commodification of culture can damage the lived experience of indigenous people.
Food of the Scattered People
Authors: Harris Jessica B.
Published: April 2020

From time immemorial, the world’s peoples have been in movement. Groups have been scattered, resulting in communities in regions and parts of the world with which they have no historic connection. In the 21st century, with more access to travel and the relaxing of immigration laws, the movement continues. Increasingly, those leaving their traditional homelands for other destinations are said to be in diaspora. This is the reason that tikka masala is now considered the national dish of the United Kingdom; that chop suey is found throughout the United States, but not in the same style as in China; and that variants of West African fritters are found throughout the New World. While the word ‘diaspora’ is now ubiquitous, and is used in relation to the patterns of movement of almost any people on an enforced or voluntary basis, its origins are more focused. It is derived from the Greek dia, meaning ‘across’, and speirein, meaning ‘scattered’. As noted by Kenny (2013), its earliest use is commonly held to be in relation to the migration of Jews, as referred to in the books of Genesis and Exodus from the Hebrew Bible. The Jewish people were led ‘...from Babylonia (in present-day Iraq) to Canaan, which they named Eretz Israel. Famine soon drove Abraham’s descendents out of Canaan to Eqypt...’ (p. 3). Applied to ancient Jewish history, the term has come to mean imposed exile and suffering, and subsequent efforts to return.