bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feeling tired versus feeling relaxed: Two faces of low physiological arousal
Authors: Steghaus Sarah , Poth Christian H.
Published: September 2024

Human well-being and functioning depend on two fundamental mental states: Relaxation and sleepiness. Relaxation and sleepiness are both assumed to be states of low physiological arousal and negatively correlated. However, it is still unclear how consistent this negative relationship is across different settings and whether it changes before and after an intervention. Here we investigated this intricate relationship between subjective momentary sleepiness and relaxation states by meta-analytically analyzing several data sets from studies using the Relaxation State Questionnaire. We discovered that subjective sleepiness and relaxation were in fact anti-correlated pre-intervention. This anti-correlation provides a quantitative dissociation between sleepiness and relaxation. Thus, even though sleepiness and relaxation both implicate a low arousal level, the two mental states are subjectively experienced in a qualitatively different fashion, and thus reflect distinct underlying constructs. For the post-intervention relationship, this negative correlation could not be consistently found. This indicates that there are aspects of the experimental setting or intervention that introduce changes in the dynamics of the relationship of the two constructs.
Changes in primary metabolism and associated gene expression during host-pathogen interaction in clubroot resistance of Brassica napus
Authors: Ferdausi Aleya , Megha Swati , Kav Nat N. V. , Rahman Habibur
Published: September 2024

The role of primary metabolism during Brassica napus-Plasmodiophora brassicae interaction leading to clubroot resistance has not yet been investigated thoroughly. In this study, we investigated some of the primary metabolites and their derivatives as well as expression of the genes involved in their biosynthesis to decipher this host-pathogen interaction. For this, two sets (clubroot resistant and susceptible) of canola lines were inoculated with P. brassicae pathotype 3A to investigate the endogenous levels of primary metabolites at 7-, 14-, and 21-days after inoculation (DAI). The associated pathways were curated, and expression of the selected genes was analyzed using qRT-PCR. Our results suggested the possible involvement of polyamines (spermidine and spermine) in clubroot susceptibility. Some of the amino acids were highly abundant at 7- or 14-DAI in both resistant and susceptible lines; however, glutamine and the amino acid derivative phenylethylamine showed higher endogenous levels in the resistant lines at later stages of infection. Organic acids such as malic, fumaric, succinic, lactic and citric acids were abundant in the susceptible lines. Conversely, the abundance of salicylic acid (SA) and the expression of benzoate/salicylate carboxyl methyltransferase (BSMT) were higher in the resistant lines at the secondary stage of infection. A reduced disease severity index and gall size were observed when exogenous SA (1.0 mM) was applied to susceptible B. napus; this further supported the role of SA in clubroot resistance. In addition, a higher accumulation of fatty acids and significant upregulation of the pathway genes, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) and amino alcohol phosphotransferase (AAPT) were observed in the resistant lines at 14- and 21-DAI. In contrast, some of the fatty acid derivatives such as phosphatidylcholines represented a lower level in the resistant lines. In conclusion, our findings provided additional insights into the possible involvement of primary metabolites and their derivatives in clubroot resistance.
Staff perspectives on fall prevention activities in long-term care facilities for older residents: "Brief but often" staff education is key
Authors: Albasha Neah , Curtin Catriona , McCullagh Ruth , Cornally Nicola , Timmons Suzanne
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Falls are a serious health problem in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), affecting more than 50% of residents. A key role of LTCF staff is to assess fall risks and implement fall prevention activities. Understanding the barriers and facilitators is key to successful implementation.

Methods

This descriptive qualitative study involving four LTCF facilities (varied provider types and sizes) in southwest Ireland. We recruited a convenience sample of 17 LTCF staff, who participated in semi-structured online 1:1 interviews (n = 7) or small group interviews (n = 10). The data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s reflective thematic analysis.

Results

The participants included two directors of nursing, three therapists, one ward manager, one general practitioner, five nurses and five healthcare assistants. Six main themes were identified, reflecting factors that influenced fall prevention: a need for sufficient staff and appropriate skill mix; fall policy, documentation and leadership; equipment and safe environments; person-centred care; staff knowledge, skills and awareness in falls prevention; and staff communication and collaborative working. A wide range of approaches that supported LTCF staff to overcome barriers were identified, including audits and feedback, falls champions, fall prevention leaders, daily communication (e.g., safety pauses) and staff collaboration. Formal multidisciplinary meetings and identification systems to highlight residents at high risk of falling were not considered helpful. Staff suggested that education should be briefer, ongoing and practice-based (“brief but often”) to promote ownership and responsibility.

Conclusion

LTCF staff identified several approaches to prevent falls in LTCFs as part of usual care, rather than lengthy, formal meetings and training. The potential role of families in fall prevention was under-appreciated and should be investigated further.
Intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending a low-resource primary care facility in Ghana
Authors: Engmann Stephen Tetteh , Lamptey Roberta , Lawson Henry Jeremy , Ofori-Amankwah Gerhard
Published: September 2024

Background

Intimate partner violence in pregnancy is a significant public health issue that has several detrimental effects. Pregnant women subjected to intimate partner violence (IPV) have a higher risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, patterns and factors associated with intimate partner violence among pregnant women attending a primary care antenatal clinic.

Methods

A quantitative cross-sectional study design was employed to study intimate partner violence among 269 pregnant women in Accra, Ghana between July and October 2021. Participants were selected by systematic sampling technique. The self-reported Composite Abuse Scale was used to assess and classify intimate partner violence. Socio-demographic, clinical (obstetric) and behavioural characteristics were obtained with a structured questionnaire. Associations were determined between independent and dependent variables using the chi-squared test, and logistic regression with adjusted odds ratio (AOR). The statistical significance level was set at a p-value ≤ 0.05.

Results

The prevalence of IPV was 11.2%. The prevalence of emotional/psychological abuse, harassment/controlling behaviour, physical abuse, sexual abuse and severe combined abuse were 12.3%, 13.0%, 8.2%, 3.3% and 8.9% respectively. Pregnant women who were employed had reduced odds of experiencing IPV [AOR = 0.16 (95%CI: 0.05–0.47), p = 0.001], however, the past experience of violence [AOR = 4.9 (95%CI: 1.06–22.96), p = 0.042], alcohol use by women [AOR = 7.8 (95%CI: 1.63–37.42), p = 0.01], and partners’ alcohol consumption [AOR = 10.0 (95%CI: 3.22–31.26), p<0.001] were associated with increased odds of IPV.

Conclusions

There is a high prevalence of IPV among pregnant women in this study from a resource-limited setting. The factors found to be associated with IPV in pregnancy were the employment status of women, alcohol consumption by women or their partners and a previous history of violence. Healthcare providers in primary care need to recognize IPV as a medical condition that can occur in pregnancy and be ready to assist and manage the victims when it is detected.
A comprehensive study of CYP2E1 and its role in carcass characteristics and chemical lamb meat quality in different Indonesian sheep breeds
Authors: Harahap Ratna Sholatia , Gunawan Asep , Endrawati Yuni Cahya , Darusman Huda Shalahudin , Andersson Göran , Noor Ronny Rachman
Published: September 2024

The role of CYP2E1 in oxidation is essential for its effects on meat quality. This study used 200 Indonesian sheep (Ovis aries) to determine the SNP g allele frequencies. g. 50658168 T>C of CYP2E1 gene located in 3´-UTR region and their genetic association with lamb quality traits, including carcass characteristics, retail cut carcass, physicochemical lamb, fatty acid, cholesterol, flavor and odor, and mineral content. Further, the level of CYP2E1 mRNA and CYP2E1 protein expression in muscle were determined and correlated with lamb quality traits. CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms were identified using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. The CYP2E1 mRNA expression levels in phenotypically divergent sheep populations were analyzed using Quantitative Real Time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining analysis used three samples each in the high and low lamb quality groups based on pH value and tenderness. An association study of CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms was performed using General Linear Model (GLM) analysis. The genetic association between the CC, CT, and TT genotypes at the SNP g. 50658168 T>C CYP2E1 gene and lamb quality traits were significant (P<0.05), including carcass characteristics, retail cut carcass, fatty acid, cholesterol, flavor, and odor. Lambs with the CT genotype had a higher mRNA and protein expression in high lamb quality traits. The highest CYP2E1 protein expression was localized in the longissimus dorsi. The group sample with high lamb quality had a higher area and perimeter of muscle cells. CYP2E1 can be used as a genetic marker for selecting sheep with high meat quality.
NLRP1-dependent activation of Gasdermin D in neutrophils controls cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Goris Michiel , Passelli Katiuska , Peyvandi Sanam , Díaz-Varela Miriam , Billion Oaklyne , Prat-Luri Borja , Demarco Benjamin , Desponds Chantal , Termote Manon , Iniguez Eva , Dey Somaditya , Malissen Bernard , Kamhawi Shaden , Hurrell Benjamin P. , Broz Petr , Tacchini-Cottier Fabienne
Published: September 2024

Intracellular pathogens that replicate in host myeloid cells have devised ways to inhibit the cell’s killing machinery. Pyroptosis is one of the host strategies used to reduce the pathogen replicating niche and thereby control its expansion. The intracellular Leishmania parasites can survive and use neutrophils as a silent entry niche, favoring subsequent parasite dissemination into the host. Here, we show that Leishmania mexicana induces NLRP1- and caspase-1-dependent Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis in neutrophils, a process critical to control the parasite-induced pathology. In the absence of GSDMD, we observe an increased number of infected dermal neutrophils two days post-infection. Using adoptive neutrophil transfer in neutropenic mice, we show that pyroptosis contributes to the regulation of the neutrophil niche early after infection. The critical role of neutrophil pyroptosis and its positive influence on the regulation of the disease outcome was further demonstrated following infection of mice with neutrophil-specific deletion of GSDMD. Thus, our study establishes neutrophil pyroptosis as a critical regulator of leishmaniasis pathology.
The implications of COVID-19 on regional journalism in far north Queensland: Measuring the heart rate of local communities
Authors: McCulloch Philippa
Published: September 2024

In 2020, COVID-19 thrust newsrooms into lockdown, affecting how journalists source, gather and report news. According to media giant News Corp, the pandemic fast-tracked its axing of more than 112 community newspapers, already vulnerable following a decade of gradual decline exacerbated by the arrival of digital technology. Consequently, hundreds of jobs were slashed and ‘news deserts’ were created across vast swathes of rural Australia, including far north Queensland. This article looks closely at the mediascape in far north Queensland from a journalism industry perspective during COVID-19, a time which saw a raft of differing and, sometimes, conflicting pressures exerted on journalists – from complying with health and safety regulations to fulfilling the community’s insatiable hunger for information. Through an online survey and long-form interviews with journalists, the study informing this article focuses on what happens when newsrooms are centralized, diminished in resources and the most senior journalists are made redundant and, as such, no longer available to mentor or control journalistic quality. It also observes the arrival of a new and independent press or ‘green shoots’ while casting an eye on the future of local news.
Choreographing the disabled spectator: Disrupting audience expectations in Dancer and rampa landscape
Authors: Hannuksela Riina , Erlikh Sydney , Acton Kelsie
Published: September 2024

Representation of ‘differing bodyminds’ in dance has expanded how dancing bodies are imagined. Examining two performances in Helsinki, Finland, Dancer and rampa landscape: lazy, late, absent through collaborative autoethnography we consider in what ways these works might choreograph for disabled spectators. We argue that choreography addressing disability and neurodivergence that does not consider the diverse access needs of spectators, risks creating hermeneutical injustice. This occurs when individuals experience harm due to their inability to understand or articulate their own experiences. Hermeneutical injustice is characterized by inequitable access to disability knowledge and a declarative approach to access where performances, venues and artists claim to be accessible for spectators without attention to what is necessary for access. Through this process, spectators without access needs have more access to the choreographic knowledge of disability. We alternate our experiences of these performances with reflections on spectator access and draw on framing materials to provide context. We focus on how the performance choreographs for disabled spectators – relating our own embodied experiences and observations as audience members. Ultimately, cripping choreography cannot just involve onstage representation; it must consider and welcome the disabled spectator.
Systemic review of local anesthetics, postop urinary retention, effects of Mepivacaine vs. Bupivacaine
Authors: Singh Maneesh
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this poster is to provide a systemic review of the mechanism of action of local anesthetics, a description of epidural spinal injection, a description of postop urinary retention and the effects of Mepivacaine vs. Bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia.
El anhelo del todo: modelos de monarquía universal helenística
Authors: Martin Parra Ezequiel
Published: September 2024

Las pretensiones de dominio universal manifestadas por los monarcas helenísticos han sido revaluadas en los últimos años y, lejos de ser simples enunciados propagandísticos, se presentan como una característica fundamental y necesaria de la realeza helenística. Se exploran aquí algunos de los paradigmas de monarquía que contribuyeron a la conformación de la idea del universalismo real, centrándonos, por un lado, en la influencia de los modelos proximorientales, y por el otro, en la recepción de la figura de Alejandro Magno. Se propone que es a partir de estos modelos que este “anhelo del todo” adquirió su contenido y su modulación.
Los acuerdos en el proceso abreviado, desde el punto de vista técnico y la perspectiva de las personas condenadas
Authors: Zubillaga Puchot Daniel Rodrigo , Trujillo Arocena Henry , Macedo Maggi Florencio , Fernández Chiossoni Martín , Sansone Arambillete Sebastián
Published: September 2024

La reforma del proceso penal implementada desde noviembre de 2017 en Uruguay introdujo el proceso abreviado. Se trata de un mecanismo de condena sin juicio por el que la persona imputada, con el asesoramiento de su defensor, acepta acordar con la Fiscalía los hechos y los antecedentes de la investigación a cambio de algún beneficio. En el caso de Uruguay, el proceso abreviado da cuenta de más del 80% de los casos iniciados, lo que ha dado lugar a algunas críticas. Una de las principales es que ciertas prácticas del proceso abreviado llevan a aceptar condenas sin que las personas acusadas tengan suficiente información; o sin que los jueces los controlen adecuadamente. Los objetivos concretos de la investigación han sido: explorar la percepción que las personas condenadas tienen respecto del proceso abreviado, su opinión sobre el acuerdo y las razones que tuvieron para aceptarlos, así como evaluar desde el punto de vista técnico la calidad de estos mecanismos procesales. Para esto se abordó el objeto de estudio desde una óptica cuantitativa, mediante el análisis de las grabaciones de audio de las audiencias en las que se homologaron los acuerdos; y cualitativa, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con personas condenadas en procesos abreviados. Los resultados de la investigación arrojan una serie de elementos para la discusión, entre ellos: la administrativización de la justicia penal; la falta de información; el contexto hostil de la detención; el rol de los operadores/as; entre otros.
Penalidad neoliberal y necropolítica: una aproximación a las masacres carcelarias en Ecuador
Authors: Pontón Cevallos Daniel , Álvarez Velasco Carla Morena
Published: September 2024

Las masacres carcelarias registradas en Ecuador desde el año 2019 han conmocionado al Ecuador y al mundo por la frecuencia de eventos, número de muertos y por su crueldad. Sin embargo, luego de cuatro años, las razones y responsabilidades de esta crisis se han convertido en una suerte de enigma lo que ha llevado a ubicar la explicación en el campo de “la necropolítica.” Asimismo, la penalidad neoliberal ha sido puesta en el centro del debate para dar cuenta de estas masacres. ¿De qué forma se articulan estas dos racionalidades en el caso de la crisis carcelaria del Ecuador? Este artículo analiza cómo detrás de esta sanguinaria crisis se evidencia una práctica necropolítica, la cual sería el corolario extremo de la racionalidad penal neoliberal construida desde los años 80. A través de un estudio de caso de corte cualitativo, se argumenta que, a partir de las masacres carcelarias en Ecuador, se pueden ver los síntomas de una extrema forma de racionalidad penal. En otras palabras, la racionalidad neoliberal y la necropolítica no pueden ser vistas como lógicas excluyentes, sino como dos caras de una misma moneda. El oscuro panorama de la violencia carcelaria en Ecuador da cuenta de la aplicación de una forma extrema de penalidad neoliberal propia de contextos periféricos.
Inclusión Financiera: ¿Por qué es importante para Argentina?. Consideraciones Preliminares
Authors: Buchieri Flavio , Aguilar Alexis
Published: September 2024

Cada vez hay más evidencia de que los servicios financieros apropiados tienen beneficios sustanciales para los consumidores, las empresas y las economías de los distintos países. Este documento proporciona una descripción general de la importancia de la inclusión financiera en la economía
y revisa la evidencia existente en la literatura sobre cómo el acceso, uso y calidad de los productos financieros pueden contribuir al desarrollo económico e impactar en el bienestar de las personas. En forma particular analiza, además, la importancia de la calidad de la inclusión financiera en Argentina realizando recomendaciones para contribuir al debate de la política pública en torno a la promoción de una mayor inclusión financiera en el país.
Mitigating Environmental Threats: An Intervention Study on Household Waste Management in Pasirkaliki Village
Authors: Ruhmawati Tati , Wahyudin Uyu , Sardin Sardin , Sharaf Eldin Khair Amar , Shantini Yanti
Published: September 2024

The lack of awareness regarding the management of household waste, particularly hazardous and toxic waste, poses a significant threat to environmental pollution. This lack of awareness is exacerbated by the accumulation and mixing of such waste with other categories of household waste. This study aims to mitigate the impact of household waste through an assistance mechanism designed to alter waste management behavior. Employing a quasi-experimental method, the research was conducted within the community of Pasirkaliki Village, North Cimahi. The study revealed significant changes in both the knowledge and behavior of the community towards waste management. Post-intervention, there was a notable increase of 16.6% in the community's knowledge compared to pre-intervention measurements. Furthermore, individuals who initially exhibited poor knowledge of waste types showed a remarkable 55.6% increase in understanding. The enhanced knowledge positively correlated with changes in behavior, evidenced by the increased community agreement on sorting waste based on its categories. This behavioral change was attributed to the intervention, supported by a p-value of 0.002. The results underscore the effectiveness of the assistance provided, which involved identifying community tendencies and employing direct involvement to enable individuals to experience the benefits firsthand through education.
Reducing Social Disintegration and Economic Inequality through Community-Based Program for a More Equitable Society
Authors: Machdum Sari Viciawati , Harisoesyanti Kania Saraswati , Rukminto Adi Isbandi
Published: September 2024

Since the independence of Indonesia, many problems have always been discussed. Poverty and inequality are one of those problems that existed and have been solved since almost eight decades ago. The government has been trying to make the country better through development that emphasizes economic improvement. Unfortunately, economic development creates another social problem: the gap between the “haves” and the “have-nots.” Social and economic disparities could cause social disintegration. The main dispute is not merely in the poverty itself, but how the stakeholders respond to poverty. This article examines the problems of poverty from the community integration point of view. We found how communities can become separated from each other due to various factors such a physical, social, and economic barriers. It outlines the challenges faced in addressing social disintegration through the children's learning house program which is based on community-based action research.
Patterns of Community Empowerment through Fishermen’s Groups in Improving the Economy on the Pasaran Island of Bandar Lampung
Authors: Diana Diana , Nasor Nasor , Rosyidi Rosyidi , Budiwiranto Bambang , Setiawati Rini
Published: September 2024

This research is motivated by an interest in the economic empowerment program implemented by the Pasaran Island Fishermen Group, Kota Karang Village, Bandar Lampung City. The purpose of this research is to find out how the pattern of community empowerment through fishermen groups in improving the economy on Pasaran Island, Bandar Lampung. This research uses qualitative methods, namely data obtained by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that in an effort to develop the economy of fishermen on Pasaran Island, several strategies are used which include education and training patterns, counseling and mentoring patterns, and fisheries business partnership patterns, with the main strategy emphasized is the provision of assistance from the government for fishermen. Empowerment through fishing groups is able to respond to local conditions because what they do gives very positive results and is able to improve the economy of the community on Pasaran Island.
Synthesis and structure of tris(2-metoxy)(5-bromo)phenylantimony bis[3,5-dinitrobenzoate] solvate [C6H3(2-OMe)(5-Br)]3Sb[OC(O)C6H3(NO2)2-3,5]2 ∙ PhH ∙ ½ C8H1
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Tarasova N.
Published: September 2024

Tris(2-methoxy)(5-bromo)phenylantimony bis[3,5-dinitrobenzoate] (1) was obtained from 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid by oxidative addition to triarylantimony in the presence of tertiary butyl hy-droperoxide in ether, and was isolated by recrystallization from a benzene-octane mixture in the form of a crystal solvate with benzene and octane molecules in its crystal lattice. The structure of solvate 1 was established by the IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). In the IR spectrum of complex 1, in addition to the absorption bands related to the stretching vibrations of the Sb–C, СAr–О–Ме, and carbonyl groups, there are bands corresponding to the stretching vibra-tions of the C–Br bonds (524 and 555 cm–1). The X-ray diffraction data show that the antimony at-oms in complex 1 have a distorted trigonal bipyramid coordination with carboxylate ligands in the axial position. The antimony atom and two oxygen atoms do not lie on the same straight line and are located in such a way that the OSbO angle is 170.79°. The O…Sb distances (2.134(4) and 2.110(5) Å) are close to the sum of the covalent radii of antimony and oxygen. In addition, accord-ing to the X-ray diffraction data, compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, space group P21/n. The structural organization in the crystal is formed due to short contacts of oxygen atoms in the nitro groups of the carboxylate ligands with carbon and bromine atoms of the aryl lig-ands of neighboring molecules, as well as hydrogen O...H (2.524–2.715 Å) bonds. In addition, a certain contribution to the formation of the crystal structure is made by the p-p stacking between the aromatic rings of crystallization benzene and the methoxy-bromo-phenyl ligands. The aro-matic rings are displaced in relation to each other and the distance between them is 3.367 Å. Melt-ing point of solvate 1 is 172.6 °C, according to the thermal analysis data. However, further in-crease in temperature is accompanied by decomposition of compound 1, and therefore an exo-thermic peak is observed on the DSC curve at 255.7 °C, corresponding to a mass loss of 31 % ac-cording to the TGA data. Complete tables of atom coordinates, bond lengths, and valence angles are deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (No. 2060562, depos-it@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif)
Analisa Sebaran Sedimen Dasar di Muara Sungai Nippon, Kecamatan Wanasari, Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Srisejati Rahma Aenea , Atmodjo Warsito , Wulandari Sri Yulina
Published: September 2024

Wilayah Muara Sungai Nippon sebagian besar ditumbuhi oleh vegetasi mangrove, sehingga sedimen mudah terperangkap. Kondisi ini juga disebabkan oleh kecepatan arus yang lemah sehingga material sedimen yang berasal dari hulu Sungai Nippon dan mudah terendapkan. Karakteristik sedimen merupakan salah satu informasi penting dalam perencanaan pengelolaan wilayah pesisir dan muara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sebaran sedimen dasar di Muara Sungai Nippon, Kecamatan Wanasari, Kabupaten Brebes. Data penelitian yang digunakan adalah data sedimen dasar yang diambil dari data lapangan, sementara untuk data pasang surut, batimetri dan arus didapatkan dari data sekunder. Pengambilan data sedimen dilaksanakan di 20 stasiun dengan metode purposive sampling yang dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2022 selama musim timur. Analisis ukuran butir sedimen dilakukan dengan metode pengayakan kering untuk stasiun 18 dan metode pengayakan basah untuk stasiun lainnya. Tipe sedimen dasar Muara Sungai Nippon secara umum adalah lanau dan lanau berlempung. Hanya pada stasiun 18 ditemukan kandungan pasir. Sedimen dasar Muara Sungai Nippon tersortasi dengan sangat baik dengan nilai -0,03055 hingga -0,1269. Nilai skewness secara umum mengindikasikan sedimen cenderung kasar dengan nilai -0,652 hingga -0,15 dan nilai kurtosisnya bernilai 0,602 hingga 0,931 menunjukkan bahwa sedimen very platykurtic, platykurtic dan mesokurtic.
Pod povrchem odkladů školní docházky
Authors: Páchová Anna , Bílková Zuzana , Štefánková Zuzana , Zemanová Lenka
Published: September 2024

Cíle: Česká republika patří k zemím s nejvyšší mírou odkladů školní docházky (OŠD), přesto zde najdeme jenom několik studií, které se danou problematikou zabývají. Předkládaná studie řeší OŠD ve vztahu ke školní (ne)úspěšnosti v průběhu 2. a 3. ročníku ZŠ. Naším cílem bylo zjistit, jak si vedou žáci s OŠD ve srovnání se svými spolužáky v oblasti kognitivních a didaktických výkonů a jak se jejich výkony dále vyvíjejí.
Metody: Výzkumný soubor tvořilo 656 dětí, přičemž 137 z nich mělo OŠD. Všechny děti byly opakovaně ve 2. a 3. ročníku podrobeny kognitivním a didaktickým testům. Pro statistické srovnání výsledků byla využita analýza rozptylu pro opakovaná měření.
Výsledky: Ukázalo se, že mezi žáky s OŠD existuje ve výkonech výrazná variabilita a nelze je považovat za homogenní skupinu. Zatímco nejmladší žáci s OŠD (narozeni v letních měsících) podávají výkony srovnatelné s žáky bez OŠD, nejstarší žáci s OŠD jsou obecně nejslabší skupinou. Z hlediska vývoje se pak zdá, že deficity zachycené ve 2. ročníku mají nejčastěji tendenci přetrvávat.
Zrcadlo masopustu – barokní lidová hra
Authors: Všetička František
Published: September 2024

Zrcadlo masopustu je lidová hra z roku 1690. Pochází z Tábora a má ráz barokní morality. Je opatřena synoptickým titulem a vystavěna na architektonickém rytmu. Součástí rytmu je středové dějství, prostoupené architektonickou korespondencí. Děj hry doprovází místy hudební projev. Na jejím závěru se výrazně podílí finální explicit. Drama autor architektonicky zarámoval a do vstupního dějství vložil závažnou onirickou scénu.
Hrma – Pipka czy Łono? Zednicek – Muriarick czy Ciesla? Kilka uwag na marginesie pewnego przekładu
Authors: Soliński Wojciech
Published: September 2024

Autor podejmuje subiektywną próbę porównania dwóch polskich przekładów powieści Bohumila Hrabala pod tytułem Ostře sledované vlaky (polski tytuł Pociągi pod specjalnym nadzorem; tytuł angielski Closely Watched Trains), na wybranych przykładach (m.in. nazwy własne: imiona, nazwiska; nazwy miejscowe; skróty; porównania). I dochodzi do wniosku, że twórczość czeskiego pisarza wciąż inspiruje młodych tłumaczy do retranslacji, co może wskazywać, że jego recepcja w polskiej kulturze literackiej jest wciąż „żywa”.
What Is It to Be Real? Numbers as Real Species of a Category in the Late Medieval Debate about the Ontological Status of Numbers
Authors: Majcherek Kamil
Published: September 2024

The article deals with one of the facets of a hitherto almost completely unexplored subject: the late medieval debate about the ontological status of numbers. It focuses on one of the most popular arguments in favor of a realist view of number. The realist view holds that a number adds a new form over and above the things that it numbers. The argument for the view is based on the thesis that since the categories are a classification of extramental reality, and number belongs to the category of Quantity, it, together with its form, must have extramental existence. The second part of the paper is devoted to an exposition and analysis of various rebuttals of this argument advanced by critics of realism about numbers. Throughout the whole discussion, the paper also gives an evaluation of the dialectical moves made by the participants in the debate.
Insurrection or Protest? A corpus-linguistic analysis of the news reporting by CNN and Fox News based on the January 6, 2021, events at the US Capitol
Authors: Prahtel Tobias
Published: September 2024

The question if the January 6, 2021, events at the US Capitol were an insurrection, a protest or something in between, is highly contentious, and the words someone uses to refer to those events may reveal a great deal about their political stances. The present paper performs a corpus-linguistic analysis in order to investigate how the two major US news outlets CNN and Fox News reported on the January 6 events. The corpus contains 633 articles from CNN and 847 from Fox News, all of which were written over a time span of 10 months, starting on January 6, 2021. The corpus analysis is preceded by a detailed analysis of each outlet’s position on the political spectrum and their respective audiences, both based on statistics from independent polling organizations.
In Search of Systemic Impact: The Cooperative Assistance Fund and Program-Related Investments
Authors: Weber Peter
Published: September 2024

Scholars investigate philanthropy’s ability to effect change but pay less attention to strategies changing practices within the philanthropic sector. The Cooperative Assistance Fund (CAF) pioneered program-related investments (PRIs) as a philanthropic strategy that merged commercial and philanthropic logics, thus moving beyond traditional grantmaking practices. Adopting an institutional work perspective, the study describes the types of institutional work that promote a new philanthropic model. Historical evidence shows that CAF’s leadership reframed philanthropic approaches (framing work) and developed strategies influencing policy (political work), promoting PRIs (cultural work), and supporting interested foundations (technical work), but failed to develop a clear identity around these strategies (internal practice work). Taking advantage of historical methods, the study historically embeds the diverse types of institutional work that were employed, showing how these practices were often more reactive than proactive. The study contributes to our understanding of PRIs in linking their limited use to tensions between different institutional logics, while paradoxically contributing to the establishment of market-based approaches.
The Function of Digital Technology in Minority Language Preservation: The Case of the Gyalrong Tibetan Language
Authors: Tan Yunhuan , Jehom Welyne J.
Published: September 2024

In the digital media era, the preservation of minority languages and cultures faces profound challenges. This article focuses on the Gyalrong Tibetan language (GTL) as a representative case within the broader context of linguistic diversity endangerment. The emergence of digital technology as a supplementary tool to preserve endangered languages provides opportunities and challenges in language conservation. Adopting a qualitative research approach and thematic analysis, collecting data from previous studies, fieldwork, and interviews, this study considers the intersection of digital technology and GTL preservation. It examines 1) the opportunities, 2) the challenges and concerns of integrating digital technology and minority languages and 3) the evolving dynamics of language proficiency influenced by educational systems among younger generations. Moreover, these considerations are placed within the framework of media ecology and language shifts, exploring how communication technologies shape GTL and its cultural context. This research contributes empirical insights to the discourse on minority language revitalisation and offers a strategic view for further research into language preservation in a digitised world.
Thermosolutal Marangoni convective flow of MHD tangent hyperbolic hybrid nanofluids with elastic deformation and heat source
Authors: Zhou Xiangning , Qureshi Muhammad Amer , Khan Nargis , Jamshed Wasim , Mohamed Isa Siti Suzilliana Putri , Balakrishnan Nanthini , Hussain Syed M.
Published: September 2024

In this work, the Marangoni convective flow of magnetohydrodynamic tangent hyperbolic (

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ethylene glycol) hybrid nanofluids over a plate dipped in a permeable material with heat absorption/generation, heat radiation, elastic deformation and viscous dissipation is discussed. The impact of activation energy is also examined. Hybrid nanofluids are regarded as advanced nanofluids due to the thermal characteristics and emerging advantages that support the desire to augment the rate of heat transmission. The generalized Cattaneo–Christov theory, which takes into account the significance of relaxation times, is modified for the phenomena of mass and heat transfer. The fundamental governing partial differential equations are converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by adopting similarity variables. The Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg-45 technique is utilized to solve nonlinear ODEs. Regarding the non-dimensional embedded parameters, a graphic investigation of the thermal field, concentration distribution, and velocity profile is performed. The results show that the increasing Marangoni ratio parameter enhances velocity and concentration distributions while decreases the temperature distribution. The velocity profile is decreased and the efficiency of heat transfer is improved as the porosity parameter is increased. Nusselt number is diminished with the rising values of the porosity variable.
Ausbau von lokalen Netzwerken zur Stärkung gesundheitsfördernder Strukturen in Bremen
Authors: Ambrosewicz Lisa , Hagedorn-Holthausen Jane , Tempel Günter
Published: September 2024

Um Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention in Wohnquartieren anzusetzen, wo insbesondere viele Menschen in sozioökonomisch prekären Verhältnissen leben, ist es unabdingbar Strukturen und Netzwerke aufzubauen. Durch das Projekt „Kommunaler Strukturaufbau“ und die damit verbundene Netzwerkarbeit können gesundheitsrelevante Themen der Wohnquartiere direkt in den Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst weitergetragen und aufgegriffen werden.
Die Umsetzung des Präventionsgesetzes in der Kommune: Projekterfahrungen dezentraler Gesundheitsförderung aus Nürnberg
Authors: Zimmermann Ina , Hentrich Sarah , Seebaß Katharina , Herbert-Maul Annika , Barth Janina
Published: September 2024

Das Präventionsgesetz hat dazu beigetragen, dass in Kommunen vermehrt Projekte der Gesundheitsförderung umgesetzt werden. In Nürnberg werden seit sieben Jahren dezentral Drittmittelprojekte durchgeführt. Kurzfristig wird so das Angebot an gesundheitsfördernden Maßnahmen erhöht. Um diese Aktivitäten in langfristige Strukturen zu überführen, bedarf es aufgrund bürokratischer Hürden angemessener Strategien.
Integration gesundheitlicher Belange in die Stadtplanung
Authors: Köckler Heike , Rüdiger Andrea
Published: September 2024

Stadtplanung bietet vielfältige Möglichkeiten um gesundheitsbezogene Belange zu berücksichtigen und somit einen Beitrag zu Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention zu leisten. Die partizipative Funktionweise räumlicher Planung sieht vor, dass Träger öffentlicher Belange und die Öffentlichkeit Interessen in Planungsprozesse einbringen. Damit dies im Sinne einer gesundhetisfördernden Stadtentwicklung gelingt sind Fach- und Verfahrenswissen zentral.
Der StadtRaumMonitor – ein Tool für mehr Beteiligung und Intersektoralität in der kommunalen Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Plantz Christina , Tollmann Patricia , Boos Rabea , Mekel Odile , Mensing Monika , Moser Julia , Sammet Torben
Published: September 2024

Der StadtRaumMonitor kann ein hilfreiches Tool zur Etablierung sektorübergreifender und beteiligungsorientierter Arbeit in Kommunen darstellen. Als Bedarfserhebungstool nach dem Health in All Policies-Ansatz bezieht es die Menschen aktiv in die Bewertung ihrer Lebensumgebung ein. Anhand qualitativer und quantitativer Bewertungen können Handlungsbedarfe und Prioritäten auf kommunaler Ebene oder für einzelne Quartiere herausgestellt und sektorübergreifende Strategien entwickelt werden.
Digitale Teilhabe älterer Menschen – Erkenntnisse aus Osthessen
Authors: Esslinger Adelheid Susanne , Meier Florian
Published: September 2024

Ältere Menschen in ländlichen Räumen können durch technische Assistenzsysteme und Nutzung der Digitalisierung an Lebensqualität gewinnen und soziale Teilhabe erfahren. Dies setzt aber voraus, dass sie digitale Insider sind. In einer Studie konnten die Autor:innen feststellen, dass insbesondere Menschen, die alleine leben, weniger Chancen zur digitalen Teilhabe haben als Menschen in Mehrpersonenhaushalten. Dies verstärkt das ohnehin größere Risiko der Einsamkeit bei der Gruppe allein Lebender und zeigt auf, dass Handlungsbedarf besteht.
Dynamic Organization of Neuronal Extracellular Matrix Revealed by HaloTag-HAPLN1
Authors: Sterin Igal , Niazi Ava , Kim Jennifer , Park Joosang , Park Sungjin
Published: September 2024

The brain's extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates neuronal plasticity and animal behavior. ECM staining shows a net-like structure around a subset of neurons, a ring-like structure at the nodes of Ranvier, and diffuse staining in the interstitial matrix. However, understanding the structural features of ECM deposition across various neuronal types and subcellular compartments remains limited. To visualize the organization pattern and assembly process of the hyaluronan-scaffolded ECM in the brain, we fused a HaloTag to hyaluronan proteoglycan link protein 1, which links hyaluronan and proteoglycans. Expression or application of the probe in primary rat neuronal cultures enables us to identify spatial and temporal regulation of ECM deposition and heterogeneity in ECM aggregation among neuronal populations. Dual-color birthdating shows the ECM assembly process in culture and in vivo. Sparse expression in mouse brains of either sex reveals detailed ECM architectures around excitatory neurons and developmentally regulated dendritic ECM. Our study uncovers extensive structural features of the brain's ECM, suggesting diverse roles in regulating neuronal plasticity.
Hand–Jaw Coordination as Mice Handle Food Is Organized around Intrinsic Structure–Function Relationships
Authors: Barrett John M. , Martin Megan E. , Gao Mang , Druzinsky Robert E. , Miri Andrew , Shepherd Gordon M. G.
Published: September 2024

Rodent jaws evolved structurally to support dual functionality, for either biting or chewing food. Rodent hands also function dually during food handling, for actively manipulating or statically holding food. How are these oral and manual functions coordinated? We combined electrophysiological recording of muscle activity and kilohertz kinematic tracking to analyze masseter and hand actions as mice of both sexes handled food. Masseter activity was organized into two modes synchronized to hand movement modes. In holding/chewing mode, mastication occurred as rhythmic (∼5 Hz) masseter activity while the hands held food below the mouth. In oromanual/ingestion mode, bites occurred as lower-amplitude aperiodic masseter events that were precisely timed to follow regrips (by ∼200 ms). Thus, jaw and hand movements are flexibly coordinated during food handling: uncoupled in holding/chewing mode and tightly coordinated in oromanual/ingestion mode as regrip–bite sequences. Key features of this coordination were captured in a simple model of hierarchically orchestrated mode-switching and intramode action sequencing. We serendipitously detected an additional masseter-related action, tooth sharpening, identified as bouts of higher-frequency (∼13 Hz) rhythmic masseter activity, which was accompanied by eye displacement, including rhythmic proptosis, attributable to masseter contractions. Collectively, the findings demonstrate how a natural, complex, and goal-oriented activity is organized as an assemblage of distinct modes and complex actions, adapted for the divisions of function arising from anatomical structure. These results reveal intricate, high-speed coordination of disparate effectors and show how natural forms of dexterity can serve as a model for understanding the behavioral neurobiology of multi-body-part coordination.
Terminological Thesaurus of the Gospel Text by F. M. Dostoevsky
Authors: Borisova Valentina , Shaulov Sergey
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the relevant problem of terminological description of Dostoevsky’s “gospel text,” which is based on the thesaurus as the basic lexicon of scientific language. Accordingly, the purpose and objectives of the article are to explicate the terminological thesaurus of the “gospel text,” which functions in Dostoevsky-related research and contains the key concepts of general (theoretical) poetics, historical poetics, ethnopoetics, theology and philosophy. A thesaurus approach is implemented in the study of this terminology, integrating “machine analysis” and “human interpretation” of the source data. The presented terminological dictionary is quite representational of the current state of Dostoevsky’s gospel text studies. The visual results of its digital processing clearly show the trend towards the joint use of poetological, theological and philosophical categories. It is therefore concluded that the analysis of the terminological thesaurus is productive in assessing the integrity of the metalanguage of Dostoevsky’s gospel text studies, a language that in its current state is characterized by great interdiscursivity.
Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Romania
Authors: Pop Andrei , Popa Stefan Lucian , Pop Dalina Diana , Pop Dalina Diana , Ismaiel Abdulrahman , Rusu Flaviu , Grad Simona , Dumitrascu Dan L
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that targets the small intestine, triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals, causing damage to the villi and impairing nutrient absorption. Despite increased awareness and improved diagnostic techniques, CD remains significantly underdiagnosed, with many individuals suffering from unexplained symptoms or misdiagnosed conditions. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and demographic characteristics of CD in a Romanian population using rapid diagnostic tests followed by histological confirmation.
Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of CD in Romania using the BIOHIT Celiac Quick Test among adult participants recruited from tertiary healthcare centers and medical institutions. The prevalence of CD was calculated by dividing the number of confirmed positive cases by the total number of participants, with further evaluation including endoscopy and histological examination for those with positive quick test results. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study in Romania to assess the prevalence of CD using a serological test.
Results: Out of 713 participants from Romania, 9 tested positive for CD using a rapid diagnostic test, confirmed by histological examination, resulting in a prevalence rate of 1.26%. The mean age of the CD-positive group was significantly younger (30.3 years) compared to the general population (49.2 years), and they had a lower mean BMI (22.2 vs. 28.1). Most CD-positive patients were female (66.7%) and resided in urban areas (55.6%).
Conclusions: Our study found the prevalence of CD in a Romanian population to be slightly higher than the global average, highlighting the effectiveness of rapid diagnostic tests followed by histological confirmation. The significant regional variability in CD prevalence suggests the need for further research into environmental, dietary, and genetic factors, along with enhanced awareness and improved diagnostic protocols to better manage and prevent long-term complications of CD.