bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The difficult years of Leon Abgarovich Orbeli: 140th anniversary of his birth
Authors: Zakharova Elena T.
Published: February 2023

L.A. Orbeli was one of the outstanding Russian physiologists, who at different times worked in the Department of Physiology of the Imperial Institute of Experimental Medicine under I.P. Pavlov and in St. Petersburg Marine Hospital, headed the Department of Evolutionary Physiology of the All-Union Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biostation in Koltushi (later on the Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Pathology of Higher Nervous Activity of USSR Academy of Medical Sciences). During the Stalinist repressions he actively defended his fellow scientists, petitioning for their release. How many people were saved by L.A. Orbeli during the Stalinist terror, no one knows today. Abgar Leonovich (15.05.193920.12.2022), grandson of Leon Abgarovich, public figure and scientist, estimates that he saved at least a hundred people. Among those saved was the future Nobel Prize winner for physiology or medicine, Konrad Lorenz. Thanks to Leon Abragovichs intercession, E.M. Kreps trial for counterrevolutionary activities ended with 5 years in a labour camp, and not the highest punishment for the scientist. Thanks to him, Kreps was able to return to his scientific activities. Such activity could not remain unpunished and after the Pavlov session Orbeli was dismissed from all posts, but in 1956 he became Director of the I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology. I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology, which he headed until his death in 1958. L.A. Orbeli was one of the first native humanist, for whom humanist activity was not less important than scientific. The article is based on report of senior researcher of FGBNU IEM E.T. Zakharova Orbeli and his time, made in Academy of Sciences (SPb, Universitetskaya Embankment, 5) 07.07.2022 at the workshop dedicated to memory of academician L.A. Orbeli, timed to 140th anniversary since his birth.
Cavell on Feminism and the Ethics of Care
Authors: Laugier Sandra
Published: February 2023

This paper sets out to present a connection I have sought to establish since the publication of my first writings on the concept of care between the ethics of care and my own philosophical background and foundation—ordinary language philosophy as represented by Wittgenstein, Austin, and Cavell—and thus to find in ordinary language philosophy (OLP), often considered to be disconnected from gender issues (except through speech act theory), resources for a reformulation of what for me is at stake in feminism: the inclusion and empowerment of women’s voices and expressiveness and attention to their experiences.
The Question of the New
Authors: Moi Toril
Published: February 2023

The editors of this special issue of Conversations: The Journal of Cavellian Studies invited contributors to write on Stanley Cavell and Thomas Kuhn. Unfortunately, this paper will end with Kuhn. The reason is simple: I found that I couldn’t begin writing anything on Cavell and the new before I had set up the literary and historical framework for the project, and before I had discussed Ludwig Wittgenstein’s work on aspect-seeing and Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962). These are the parts of my work in progress that I’ll share here.
The “New” in Science and Art
Authors: Mohan Arya
Published: February 2023

Conventionality and novelty — these two concepts came to occupy a prominent role in the philosophical discussions on both sciences and the arts in the second half of the twentieth century. These domains had established themselves as two autonomous and very different expressions of human creativity. Though they represent two ways of interpreting the world, the two cultures getting polarized to the extent of denying any imbrications is an unpleasant scenario. Discourses addressing the growing divorce between the sciences and the arts began to take shape in the 1950s. In the science world, methodological pluralism and a consequent multiplicity of truth(s) shattered the positivist view of scientific progress as an advancement towards a single, unchanging, worldview. With “progress” in science itself becoming a dubious concept, the status of science as a progressive discourse began to look like an exaggerated claim. The absence of ahistorical, atemporal truth foregrounds conventions as the decisive factor for the knowledge claims constituting the body of science, as exemplified by Thomas Kuhn’s idea of the paradigm. Around this time, when the conventionality of knowledge was coming to prominence, similar ideas emphasizing the conventionality of art appeared in philosophical discourse.
Autonomy, Constitutivity, Exemplars, Paradigms
Authors: Uçan Timur
Published: February 2023

This paper proposes an exploration of relationships and exchanges between the philosophies of Cavell and Kuhn by the study of aspects of the philosophy of Wittgenstein. Although the notions of language games and family resemblances used by Kuhn in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions have been elaborated by Wittgenstein, Cavell’s reading of Wittgenstein inspired that of Kuhn. I will attempt to show that against this background, Cavell’s conception of the relations of arts, works of arts, and artists, can be relevantly compared to Kuhn’s conception of the relations of sciences, scientific successes, and scientific practitioners. Three ways of elucidating the mutual exchanges between Cavell and Kuhn may be distinguished: One consists in clarifying the ways in which Cavell and Kuhn explicitly mutually inspired each other. Another one consists in clarifying that Cavell’s Wittgenstein inspired Kuhn. And a third one consists in clarifying that Wittgenstein inspired both Kuhn and Cavell and the ways in which he inspired them. This third way is not exclusive of the first two and even contributes to these by rendering explicit their stakes. For at stake is not only the restitution of the truth of an exegetical mediation: that Kuhn’s Wittgenstein cannot be truly understood without accounting for Cavell’s Wittgenstein. Rather the transitive character of the mediation implied by interpretation does not substitute for the intransitive character of a thoroughly philosophical inheritance. It is not the case that because Kuhn was inspired by Cavell who was inspired by Wittgenstein, that Kuhn could be inspired only by Cavell’s Wittgenstein, and not by Wittgenstein. Further, the question is not only philological but philosophical if we take into account the methods and the philosophy of Wittgenstein. To use an image: that a path was indicated by someone to someone else could not have implied that what was indicated by a person to another was oneself; this much was already known to us with the old fable of the moon, the finger and the sage. With this paper I will thus first seek to establish the relevance of the comparison of Cavell’s conception of the relations of arts, works of arts, and artists with Kuhn’s conception of the relations of sciences, scientific successes, and scientific practitioners. Then I will attempt to render explicit the unrestrictive limits of this comparison both to account for the mutual exchanges between Cavell and Kuhn and consider or bring out some symmetries and asymmetries concerning the place of paradigms in sciences and arts.
The Claim of Reason in a Planetary Age
Authors: Tabas Brad
Published: February 2023

This essay is a creative inheritance destined for a volume celebrating the ongoing relevance of Thomas Kuhn and Stanley Cavell. But if it is inspired by, and converses with them, it is neither a reconstruction of their conversations nor a textual exegesis, but an attempt to reflect critically on the rationality of Earthlings in the Anthropocene while drawing orientation from Kuhn and Cavell. Arguably, such philosophical modernism is in spirit intensely Cavellian. Pursuing Emersonian self-reliance, this paper aims to make “philosophy yet another kind of problem for itself.” Therefore, this text is not Kuhnian. It couldn’t be — Kuhn claimed that his “vocation” was to be a “historian of science,” a member of the “American Historical, not the American Philosophical, Association.” But in its concern with science and history, and above all in its acceptance that our current historical context, the Anthropocene, cannot be thought outside of paradigmatic shifts within the history of science, notably the development of planetary science as a comparative and thus inter- planetary model for understanding our own terrestrial condition, what follows is Kuhnian.
Editorial Comment
Authors: Estrada-Alvarez Moses
Published: February 2023

The ninth issue of Conversations responds to Cavell’s thoughts against the backdrop of the history of philosophy in general, and phenomenology, especially Hegel and Heidegger; unfolding metaphysical, epistemological, ethical, political, and aesthetic ramifications. It is against that backdrop, that the question arises about the nature and function of dialectic in wording the world, the other, or ourselves, as acknowledged by Paul Franks and Espen Hammer. The idea of the issue arose with an essay (an “attempt”) I was working on, about Cavell, Wittgenstein, and Hegel, at University of Leeds, while also reading The Phenomenology of Spirit with the Hegel Reading Group at the University of Oxford (Michaelmas term, 2020), and, meeting with the Cavellian Reading Group (that at the University of Cambridge, now an international group), upon sharing the idea of the essay with Amir Khan, this started a series of discussions, which eventually resulted in an invitation to guest edit this issue.
Against “Finitude”
Authors: Read Rupert
Published: February 2023

In this essay, I seek to follow and draw upon resources in Ludwig Wittgenstein (and in an important contemporary follower of his, Iain McGilchrist) in order to pose a radical question. I question here the conventional “wisdom” across philosophical traditions (and cleaved to equally strongly by Cavell and Derrida, and for that matter by Richard Dawkins and Donald Davidson), that says—or rather even, simply assumes—that we are finite beings.
Cavell on Color
Authors: Davies Byron
Published: February 2023

One of the special challenges in approaching Stanley Cavell’s writing on the arts is how to understand the relation between what are often read as theoretical generalities with Cavell’s particular interpretations of individual works. The latter are not presented as mere applications of the former, while the former are clearly meant to be something more than mere generalizations from the latter. When it comes to Cavell’s writings on film, we find a representative methodological statement in the Foreword to the 1979 enlarged edition of The World Viewed, where he asserts that “what constitutes an ‘element’ of the medium of film is not knowable prior” to discoveries by filmmaking and criticism itself. He refers to this “reciprocity between element and significance” as “the cinematic circle.” But how are we to orient ourselves within the cinematic circle? What about those places in Cavell’s own writing where theoretical generalities and individual readings seem divorced?
A Phenomenological study on the Difficulties in Relationships and Coping Experiences in the Workplace of The Elderly Who Reemployed After Retirement
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Kim Mingeong , Lee Ara
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine what kind of difficulties retired and reemployed elderly people face in their relationships with new jobs and how they cope with them. For this, eight retired elderly persons, who were 65 or older and had worked for at least six months since their reemployment, were interviewed. The data gathered were analyzed using Giorgi’s phenomenological method. The result of the analysis showed that there were four factors of difficulties that they faced in their new jobs: (1) facing [a] diminished self, (2) difficult to mix in any groups, (3) worried in loneliness, and (4) insufficient resources to solve the conflicts. There were also ten sub-factors and 25 meaning units. The study found four potential solutions for the difficulties they faced: (1) being a helpful coworker, (2) deciding what to leg to and what to compromise, (3) trying to solve the relationship issues myself, and (4) reclaiming my power to hold on There were also 9 sub-factors and 24 meaning units found. Based on the findings of this study, implications that should be considered when intervening to help the elderly with relationships connected to their new jobs were suggested.
Analysis of the Effects of Psychological Characteristics of Specialized High School Students on Learning Strategies, Self-Directed Learning, and Academic Achievement
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Kim Chang Gil , Choi Dong Kyu
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to analyze the effects of the psychological characteristics (a sense of community, self-esteem, academic efficacy, creativity, and consideration) of students at vocational high schools on learning strategies, self-directed learning, and academic achievement, and seek ways to improve policies. For this purpose, the Busan Education Longitudinal Study (BELS) data (2019) was used for analysis, and the main findings are as follows. First, there was a correlation between each variable in this study, and learning strategy had a close relationship with academic achievement, but self-directed learning was not significant. Second, in terms of causal effects, it was found that the students' psychological characteristics for learning strategies had a significant effect in the order of consideration, academic efficacy, and creativity, but self-esteem and community spirit did not have a significant effect. In the psychological characteristics of students for self-directed learning, consideration, creativity, community spirit, and self-esteem had a significant effect in the order, but academic efficacy was not significant. The indirect effect of students' psychological characteristics on academic achievement had a significant effect in the order of consideration, academic efficacy, and creativity. Self-esteem and community spirit were not significant. Learning strategy had a significant effect on self-directed learning and academic achievement, but self-directed learning had no significant effect at all. Based on these results, discussions and policy measures were proposed.
How to Teach Socrates?: Focusing on Law Related Education in Social Studies
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Jeon Jecheol
Published: February 2023

The reason why the rule of law is necessary in human society is because of the limitations of majority voting, and the reason why majority voting has limitations is because human reason is not completely easonable. In describing the rule of law in most elementary, middle and high school textbooks, it is not easy to find a statement that the rule of law is necessary due to the limitations of majority voting, or that the rule of law is necessary to protect minorities. It is the level of distinguishing and teaching practical constitutionalism and formal constitutionalism in the high school elective subject 'law and politics' when such concepts are introduced. The reason why the rule of law is necessary in human society is that there is a limit to human rationality, and it is necessary to clearly teach that the rule of law is necessary to protect minorities in order to supplement the limitations of majority voting in democracy.
Comparativa entre las preferencias de ocio de jóvenes lectores y no lectores en España
Authors: Varela-Garrote Lara , Pose-Porto Héctor , Fraguela-Vale Raúl
Published: February 2023

Los objetivos de este estudio son: describir los patrones de ocio de la juventud española (15-20 años) que tiene la lectura entre sus actividades de ocio preferidas; comparar los patrones de ocio de lectores y no lectores e identificar la existencia de patrones de ocio distintos entre lectoras y lectores. Se seleccionó una muestra representativa de 2694 estudiantes de Educación Post-obligatoria no universitaria que contestaron a un cuestionario para el estudio de sus tiempos de ocio. Los resultados indican que los lectores son pocos respecto a la población no lectora, pero que su grado de implicación en la lectura es alto. Se identifican diferencias significativas entre las preferencias de ocio de los lectores y no lectores y una importante influencia de la variable género en el estudio de los perfiles de ocio de la población lectora. Dichos perfiles son muy diferentes en lectoras y lectores. Se detectan sinergias entre la lectura y el ocio deportivo en chicas y entre el ocio electrónico y la lectura en chicos. Se necesitan más estudios para conocer en profundidad el papel que juega la lectura en el complejo sistema de actividades de ocio de la juventud.
The Pentecostal Prosperity Message and Inter-Church Proselytism in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Nwadialor Kanayo , Nwokocha Benjamin C.
Published: February 2023

The rate at which Christians in southeast Nigeria migrate from one Christian denomination to another calls for scholarly investigation; this migration is noticeable from the main-line churches to the Pentecostal groups. This study was conceived to interrogate this proselytizing venture with the view to finding the causative factors behind the inter-church movement. The study employed qualitative research methods on primary and secondary sources of data collection. Findings show that the prosperity message of the Pentecostal movement is a major player in proselytism. The continuing rise of Pentecostal groups in southeast Nigeria and the unbridled desire of some Christians for health and material prosperity give rise to the inter-church movement. The study further discovered that some Pentecostal pastors take advantage of the economic hardships in southeast Nigeria, particularly since the Nigeria-Biafra war, to manipulate the people into believing that religion, especially Pentecostalism, has solutions to all human health and economic challenges. Worried that the practice is aggressively attacking the cherished Christian kerygmatic understanding of the Church, the study recommends some practical steps that could be undertaken to save Christians from this seeming “holy deceit” as well as to rescue the image of the universal Church from being associated with religious commercialization.
Efectividad del tratamiento con Alveofact® y Curosurf® en prematuros de 32 semanas o menos con enfermedad de membrana hialina en Buga, Valle del Cauca, entre los años 2006 y 2013
Authors: Mendoza-Tascón Luis Alfonso , Oliveros-Grisales Mónica , Osorio-Ruíz Miguel Ángel , Arias-Guatibonza Martha , Mendoza-Tascón Laura Isabel , Gómez-Giraldo Daniela
Published: February 2023

Introducción: la enfermedad de membrana hialina, es una patología que afecta a prematuros, principalmente los menores de 30 semanas. Existen en el momento actual varios tipos de surfactantes para el tratamiento de esta entidad, los cuales han mostrado eficacia similar, pero algunos resultan ser más costo-efectivos que otros. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de Alveofact® versus Curosurf®, en neonatos prematuros ≤ 32 semanas, con enfermedad de membrana hialina, efectos colaterales de la administración, complicaciones neonatales y comparar los costos de su administración. Materiales y método: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva, en 136 neonatos prematuros, ≥ 24 semanas y ≥ 500g de peso al nacer; 64 de ellos fueron tratados con Alveofact® y 72 con Curosurf®. La exposición consistió en la administración de una dosis de Alveofact® (bovactant) 100mg/Kg y Curosurf® (poractant alfa) 200mg/Kg inicialmente, y como segunda dosis se suministró 100mg/Kg para cada uno. Posteriormente, se evaluó tiempo de ventilación mecánica, de oxigenoterapia, estancia, necesidad de segunda dosis, efectos colaterales por la administración y complicaciones; adicionalmente, mortalidad y displasia broncopulmonar. El análisis estadístico se realizó con Stata® 11.0, empleando Chi2 o Prueba exacta de Fisher, prueba t-test no pareado o Wilcoxon rank-sum. Resultados: no se hallaron diferencias significativas para tiempo de ventilación mecánica, oxigenoterapia, segunda dosis, estancia y complicaciones entre Alveofact® y Curosurf®. Adicionalmente, la displasia broncopulmonar se presentó en el 22,8% y la mortalidad en el 30,1%, sin diferencia significativa entre los dos surfactantes. Conclusiones: los resultados de esta investigación muestran que ambos surfactantes son igual de efectivos, pero el Curosurf® resulta más costoso. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):13-25.
Hospitalización domiciliaria pediátrica en el Instituto de Ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt en Bogotá, Colombia: enero a julio, 2013
Authors: Hernández-Velásquez Ginna Marcela , Mosquera-Gómez Luis Eduardo , Pinzón-Rondón Ángela María , Escobar Juan Sebastián , Guzmán-Prado Yuli
Published: February 2023

Introducción: La hospitalización domiciliaria ha surgido como una alternativa a la hospitalización tradicional, ya que brinda un mejor ambiente durante la recuperación del paciente. El objetivo del estudio fue medir la tasa de reingreso de la hospitalización domiciliaria dentro del Instituto de Ortopedia Infantil Roosevelt en Bogotá, Colombia. Materiales y método: Estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron 661 niños afiliados al programa de hospitalización domiciliaria entre enero y julio del 2013. Resultados: La tasa de reingreso en las primeras 72 horas fue del 2% (13 pacientes), siendo mayor en los recién nacidos (OR 4,2 - p=0,039) y patologías cráneo faciales (OR 12,1 - p=0,046). Esta tasa de reingreso fue menor que aquella evaluada en otro estudio en los que consideraron, a diferencia del presente estudio, a niños sin criterios de hospitalización; además de representar menores costos para el sistema de salud. Conclusión: Se observó una tasa de reingreso hospitalario del 2% en las primeras 72 horas lo cual permite considerar la hospitalización domiciliaria como una alternativa válida para el paciente pediátrico. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):43-8.
Body mass index, blood pressure and electrocardiogram for screening in healthy children at Pilar City, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2012
Authors: Cohen-Arazi Hernán , Krimer Hernán , Valdizán Marcia , Enriquez Diego
Published: February 2023

Introduction: obesity is frequent in argentinian children and arterial hypertension affects 2.4% of scholars. Objective: the objectives of the present study are to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and their association, and to analyze the ability of electrocardiograms to detect conditions in healthy children and adolescents who attended to request a medical certificate of fitness. Methods: 1030 children (47.9% females and 52.1% males) ranging from 1 to 18 years old who concurred for a check up between Janury and March 2012, were consecutively included. Their body mass index, blood pressure, weight, height, and electrocardiogram findings were calculated and evaluated by a pediatrician and a cardiologist. Results: obesity was detected in 12.1% of males and 9.9% of females, and malnutrition was found in 1.9% and 1.4, respectively. Overweight was more frequent in males, consistent across all age groups. Systolic hypertension (adjusted to the 95th height percentile) was observed in 8.8% males and 8.6% females, more prevalent in children ranging from 4 to 11 years old. A significant association between hypertension and high body mass index was observed. The ECG assessments resulted in six patients with pauses, one patient with asymptomatic Wenchebach AV block, three patients with asymptomatic sinus arrest, and one patient with ventricular bigeminy. Five cases of Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome were diagnosed, and 2.7% children had long QTc segments. Conclusions: a high prevalence of hypertension was found, which was more frequent in obese children. The electrocardiogram analysis resulted in patients with potentially high risk conditions. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):49-53.
Prevalencia de infecciones en donantes de sangre en la Universidad Industrial de Santander versus parques de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, 2014
Authors: Daza-Bolaño Nelson , Sánchez-Jaimes Martha , Vanegas-Estévez Thomas , Ortega-Hernández Ingrid
Published: February 2023

Introducción: la sangre como recurso terapéutico es una herramienta útil en el área clínica, sin embargo, pese a una selección cuidadosa del donante y de las pruebas de tamizaje serológico el riesgo de infección todavía existe, principalmente debido a los periodos ventana. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de infecciones en donantes de sangre de las sedes de la Universidad Industrial de Santander versus donantes en parques de la ciudad de Bucaramanga en el año 2014. Materiales y método: se realizó un estudio transversal en el cual se evaluaron 3758 resultados de donaciones de sangre en campañas de captación en los parques Plaza Cívica, Santander y San Pío del área metropolitana de Bucaramanga. Posteriormente fueron analizadas en el banco de sangre del Hospital Universitario de Santander, para determinar la prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión por transfusión sanguínea, analizadas en el estudio; sífilis, Virus Linfotrópico de Células T Humanas, VIH, chagas, Hepatitis B y C. Resultados: se presentaron 78 casos positivos de sífilis, 20 de chagas, 81 de Hepatitis B, 13 de Hepatitis C, 6 de VIH, y 10 de HTLV. Conclusiones: se determinó una prevalencia en los parques superior a la UIS, siendo la prueba serológica para sífilis la que presenta mayor prevalencia seguida de Hepatitis B. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):55-60.
Nuevos enfoques farmacológicos en el manejo de la angina de pecho estable
Authors: Franco Juan Sebastian , Calderón-Ospina Carlos Alberto , López-Cabra Claudia Alejandra
Published: February 2023

En años recientes han sido introducidos nuevos antianginosos al mercado con mecanismos de acción novedosos, complementarios a los del arsenal farmacoterapéutico existente. Aunque el tratamiento de primera línea continúan siendo los betabloqueadores, antagonistas de canales de calcio y nitratos, el descubrimientos de nuevos aspectos fisiopatológicos de la enfermedad permitieron el desarrollo de blancos terapéuticos innovadores a nivel celular y molecular. El nicorandil, la trimetazidina, la ivabradina y la ranolazina se consideran nuevos fármacos antianginosos y constituyen la segunda línea de tratamiento de la angina de pecho estable; están indicados en pacientes que persisten sintomáticos a pesar del manejo de primera línea o en aquellos que presentan intolerancia o contraindicación a los betabloqueadores o antagonistas de canales de calcio. La trimetazidina, a través de su mecanismo de acción metabólico, mejora la tolerancia al ejercicio y puede ser útil en pacientes con falla cardíaca y contraindicación al uso de digitales; la ivabradina tiene un efecto cronotrópico negativo sin afectar el inotropismo ni la tensión arterial por lo que se puede usar en pacientes con taquiarritmias o falla cardíaca concomitante; en contraste, la ranolazina no afecta el cronotropismo por lo que se usa en pacientes con bradiarritmias aunque puede generar prolongación del intervalo QTc. La elección de alguno de estos medicamentos antianginosos de primera o segunda línea debe ser individualizado para cada paciente y se basa en las comorbilidades, contraindicaciones y preferencias del paciente. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):79-93.
Rotura iatrogénica de electrodos de marcapasos permanente en la realización de esternotomía media: presentación de un caso
Authors: Varela-Barca Laura , Centella-Hernández Tomasa , Martín-García Miren , Redondo-Palacios Ana , Celemín-Canorea Daniel , Miguelena-Hycka Javier , López-Menéndez Jose , Muñoz-Pérez Rafael , García-Andrade Ignacio , Oliva-De Anquín Enrique , Rodríguez-Roda Stuart Jorge
Published: February 2023

La esternotomía media continúa siendo el gold-standart de abordaje quirúrgico en cirugía cardiaca. Aún realizada correctamente, la apertura media del esternón presenta complicaciones en el 1-5% de los casos que varían en su gravedad desde la infección de la herida quirúrgica a la lesión de estructuras intratorácicas. En el presente estudio se describe un caso de rotura de electrodos de marcapasos tras esternotomía media por retracción y fibrosis del tronco venoso braquiocefálico. Debido a la ausencia de artículos semejantes en la literatura y al extendido empleo de la esternotomía en pacientes portadores de marcapasos permanente, se pretende disminuir las lesiones asociadas mediante la publicación de un infrecuente caso de lesión iatrogénica durante la apertura esternal, con escasos precedentes en la literatura publicada hasta la fecha. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):95-9.
The estimation of perfomanсe of exogenous redox mediators in the bioelectrochemical system glucose–Escherichia coli cells-mediator
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kazarinov Ivan Alekseevich , Kuz'micheva E. V. ,   Saratov State University, Ignatova A. A. ,   Saratov State University
Published: February 2023

The performance of several redox mediators (methylene blue, neutral red. and gallocyanine) in the bioelectrochemical system glucosc- Escherichia coli cells was estimated by means of the rotating disk electrode technique. The diffusion coefficients of the mediators under study were evaluated. Methylene blue and gallocyanine arc shown to be effective reversible electron carriers for the Escherichia coli-based bioanode.
Searching for optimal salt electrolyte compositions for chemical sources of the current and heat-accumulating materials by two parameters
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Garkushin Ivan Kirillovich , Frolov Evgenii Igorevich ,   Samara State Technical University, Gubanova Tat'yana Valer'evna ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: February 2023

Melts based on lithium salts are applied in various branches of engineering and scientific research [1]. It requires improved methods to search lor low-melting compounds and data on phase equilibrium in systems ot"three or more components. We have proposed a settlement- graphic way to select the salt compositions by two properties (temperature and specific enthalpy of melting) in the case studies the five-component system Li // F, Br, VO3, MoO4, SO4.
GIS-TECHNOLOGIES IN GEOGRAPHY – EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND PRACTICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Svitlychnyi O. O. , Piatkova A. V. , Murkalov O. B.
Published: February 2023

Problem statement and purpose. At the present time GIS‑technologies is finding greater use in different brunches of human activity. In the geography the spatially coordinated information goes through a holistic cycle of collecting information and its practical use including analysis, modelling, mapping, prognosis etc. Studying geography in the university and researching in any science direction connected with spatial information as well the spatial analysis and mapping cannot be done without modern means like program apps, WEB‑resources and instruments of field and remote investigation of Earth surface. At the Department of Physical Geography, Nature Management and GIS‑technologies of Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University GIS‑technologies was incorporated as to educational process so to scientific research in 1992–1993. The present stage of the development of geographic sciences and education relies on the arsenal of GIS methods and tools.
But in the majority of publications the problem of the holistic perception of all GIS aspects is not reflected. The purpose of the paper is to form the conception of the complex role of GIS‑technologies in geographic education, science and practice.
Data & Methods. The practice and theoretic materials and experience of the staff of the Department of Physical Geography, Nature Management and GIS‑technologies are used in the paper The methodological basis of the paper research is a systemic approach that means the GIS technologies are considered as a complete system consisting of a software complex, a hardware complex, spatially coordinated information, and developers and users. Analysis and synthesis as general scientific methods are the basis for summarizing the achievements of scientists and lecturers of the Department.
Results. At the current stage of the higher geographical education development, the role of geoinformation technologies is threefold. GIS are as: 1) an object of study, 2) a means of learning and 3) a working tool for scientific research and applied development. Firstly, GIS‑technologies are the independent multidisciplinary studying object which demand on specifically skills in informatics, computer projection, geography etc. Secondly, GIS‑technologies are modern and high-power method of teaching students that thread their abilities and rise geographic education to new level letting geographers to be occupied in territory planning, land ordering, nature reservation etc. In the third, GIS‑technologies are powerful tool for scientific research, mapping, classification, DEM analysis, overlaying, statistics analysis etc. Pursuance of all these functions of GIS‑technologies in educational process favors the integrity and continuity of geoinformation education of geographers, combining knowledge and skills acquired in various courses.
SOIL SCIENCE IN THE LIGHT OF THE LANGUAGE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE
Authors: Poznyak S. P. , Ivanyuk H. S. , Havrysh N. S.
Published: February 2023

Problem Statement and Purpose. The most relevant «language» law of Ukraine is «On ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language». One of its tasks is to use the language in accordance with the requirements of Ukrainian spelling and other standards of the state language; to use of Ukrainian words, phrases and terms instead of foreign ones, raising the level of awareness of citizens about them. The purpose of the study is to analyze the changes in Ukrainian soil science terminology in the XX‑th century; to inform the scientific community, citizens about the forgotten Ukrainian soil phrases and terms, to «reanimate» some of them.
Data & Methods. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, comparative, comparative-historical, descriptive, source analysis. We can learn the most of the Ukrainian soil science terminology from the works of scientists of the 20–30’s years of the XX century. H. H. Makhov’s monograph «Soils of Ukraine» (1930) we consider to be the most authoritative scientific publication of that period.
Results.The article presents Ukrainian soil science terms of the period of «Ukrainization» and their modern interpretation, as well as terms in dictionaries of different years of publications. The origin and development of some soil science terms (podzolization, capillary border, chernozem, podzol) are analyzed. It is proposed to use popeliasti soils and words derived from it instead of the term podzolic soils in Ukraine (spopil’nennia, popil’niaky etc.), as well as to return the terms pozem, verstva, proverstky, verstvuvatist’, etc. to scientific use. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of changes that have taken place in the Ukrainian soil science terminology, substantiation of the expediency of returning some forgotten phrases and terms. The need to preserve the identity of the Ukrainian language, in particular in soil science, was emphasized.
SPATIAL PECULIARITIES OF THE SETTLEMENT SYSTEM OF DNIPROPETROVSK REGION AS OF 01.01.2022
Authors: Baiteriakov O. Z. , Kuzovleva A. A. , Mitskan A. M.
Published: February 2023

Problem Statement and Purpose. The purpose of the study: to identify the state and spatial differences in the settlement system of the territory of the Dnipropetrovsk region on the eve of Russian military aggression. This will enable to understand the main socio-geographical realities that have developed by the beginning of the aggression, for the further restoration of the system of settlement of the territory in the post-war period, taking into account the peculiarities and problems that have taken place.
Data &Methods. The study used methods for calculating quantitative and relative indicators of the state of the regional settlement system and a comparative analysis of the assessment results.
Results. For Dnipropetrovsk region as a whole, and for each of its administrative districts separately, the population density, the average population density ofsettlements, the average density of settlements, the average distance between them, the index of leadership of the administrative centers of districts, the level of urbanization of the territory by the share of the urban population and by thehierarchical method of O. Tereshchenko have been calculated. According to these indicators, spatial differences in the system of settlement of the administrative districts of the region have been revealed. The systems of urban settlements in the administrative districts of the region are characterized by significant differentiation. This is especially evident when using a hierarchical approach to determine the level of urbanization. The regional systems of rural settlements in the region have smoother differences in terms of similar indicators in comparison with the systems of urban settlement. In general, the settlement systems of the administrative districts of the Dnipropetrovsk region had significant differences in key indicators, such as the area of the territory, the number and density of the population, the number of settlements. At the same time, in terms of the density of settlements and the average distance between them, the differences are less vivid. However, it should be pointed that the vivid differentiation of settlement systems cannot be considered a positive consequence of the administrative-territorial reform.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND TENDENCIES OF THE INCIDENCE OF HEART DISEASES OF THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE
Authors: Vlasenko R. P. , Shovkun T. M. , Andriychuk T. V. , Lavryk O. D.
Published: February 2023

Since September 29, 2000 the International day of heart has been celebrated on the initiative of the World Federation of heart. Its main task is to attract the attention of the people of the planet to the problems of circulatory system diseases as the ones which have the highest incidence rates and mortality. The aim of the paper was to make a spatial analysis and to find out the morbidity tendencies of heart diseases among the population of Ukraine. The incidence structure of Ukraine’s population was identified. The dynamics of circulatory system morbidity in the years of 2009–2017 in Ukraine was analyzed. It has been established that heart disease incidence has tended to decrease. The administration regions of Ukraine were grouped according to the incidence rate of heart diseases among the population. The attention is paid to hypertension and myocardial infarction as they are the most common among the diseases of circulatory system. The decrease in the incidence rate by 1.6 and 1.1 times was recorded, respectively. In Ukraine the mortality dynamics from the diseases of circulatory system was analyzed for the years of 2009–2020. Cardiovascular diseases are the leaders in mortality of the population. The analysis of the mortality dynamics from the diseases of circulatory system proved the tendency towards its increase. The analysis of the statistical and cartographical data made it possible to single out two groups of the factors which predetermine the morbidity of circulatory system diseases among the population of Ukraine: physical-geographical and social-economic.
The physical-geographical factors of the diseases of circulatory system (abnormallly high air temperatures in summer, a great number of days with heat stress, abrupt changes of atmospheric pressure) determine the highest incidence rates in southern (Odesa, Mykolayiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kharkiv regions) and western (Zakarpattia, Ternopil, Ivano-Frankivsk, Khmelnytsk regions) areas of Ukraine.
It has been stated that physical-geographical conditions of the territory, namely the location of the regions with high incidence rates near large mineral deposits, determine the next group of the factors of circulatory system diseases. The group includes a large number of industrial enterprises, situated in the vicinity of the mining area, sedentary work and the age of the population. A correlation analysis pointed out to the availability of a multi-leveled connection between people’s morbidity and its age structure. An average level of the correlation between cardiovascular diseases and the population over 65 (years old) was established. A cluster analysis was made by means of which the typification of the regions based on medical indicators was carried out.
THE CURRENT STATE OF GEODEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN THE ODESA REGION ON THE BASIS OF THE NEW ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM
Authors: Buianovska L. Y. , Hryhoriev O. V. , Yavorska V. V.
Published: February 2023

Problem Statement and Purpose. The article examines the current state of geodemographic processes in the Odesa region on the basis of the new administrative system. To achieve this goal, studies were conducted, as a result of which it was established that the main factor affecting geodemographic processes in the region is depopulation, which is partially compensated by positive migration. This indicates the need to revise the demographic policy in the region as part of the decentralization reform. The purpose of this article is to conduct and analyze the geodemographic process (GDP) in the Odesa region in modern conditions of transformation of social relations and administrative reform. Within the scope of achieving the goal, the following tasks were completed: an analysis of the administrative-territorial system in the Odesa region was carried out, particularly in the focus of GDP changes, to analyze the dynamics of demographic indicators, the rate of birth, death rate, natural increase/decrease of the population, migration increase.
Data & Methods. When writing the article, traditional general scientific methods were used, which were combined with special methods of population demography and geography research. Statistical materials of the demographic situation at the national and regional levels were used for data analysis, and statistical and specific demographic methods were used for their subject processing. Excel software was used for data processing for the obtained results. When writing the work, data from official statistics were used.
Results. In order to improve the geodemographic situation in Odesa, the necessary regional programs should be adopted, which should be aimed at increasing the birth rate, creating new jobs, improving the population’s life and improving its quality, reducing mortality rates, supporting young families, etc. Implementation requires a systematic approach and balanced decisions of regional and executive authorities.
THE CONCEPT OF GEOGRAPHICAL HOLISM AS A COMBINED CONSIDERATION OF NATURE AND SOCIETY
Authors: Topchiyiv O. G. , Yavorska V. V. , Kolomiyets K. V.
Published: February 2023

The article raises the problem of forming a new scientific direction – geographical holism, which would combine the delimited subject areas of physical and social geography. It is noted that modern requests for geographical knowledge are focused on the integral consideration of the Earth’s shell – complex and integrated geographical studies, although domestic geography is not sufficiently defined and contradictory to the issue of integrated consideration of the Earth’s shell as an integral geosphere. On the one hand, geographers try to take into account all the factors of functioning of the Earth’s shell – both natural-geographical and socio-economic, while the general geographical direction of research in the system ofgeographical sciences is represented only by auxiliary and serving disciplines. The purpose of the article is to determine the cognitive functions and target attitudes of a new scientific direction of geographical research, structuring its conceptual basis. When conducting the study, the authors were guided by general scientific methods in geographical research and fundamental philosophical methods. The authors used research in the field of synergetics, system analysis, which reveal a fundamentally new type of connection between nature and society in their interaction, increasing the effectiveness of geographical research as a result of integration, merging individual parts of geographical science into a single integral system. The article notes that the scientific development of rational nature management requires an understanding of the principles and mechanisms of functioning of the Earth’s shell as an integral and synergistic (self-regulated) socio-natural system. A generalized system of geographical sciences is proposed, in which four blocks are distinguished.
The holistic direction of geographical research is based on the methodological block of the system of geographical sciences, which includes the analysis of the geospatial position of geographical objects and phenomena, the doctrine of territorial geographical complexes and systems, geospatial taxonomy of objects and phenomena in relation to the Earth’s shell, the concept of geospatial (territorial) organization of society.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF STIBIUM (III) WITH 6,7-DIHYDROXY‑4-CARBOXYL‑2- PHENYLBENZOPYRILIUM PERCHLORATE
Authors: Snigur D. V. , Zhukovetska O. M. , Guzenko O. M. , Chebotarev O. M.
Published: February 2023

In the current study, the peculiarities of the complexation of Stibium(III) with 6,7-dihydroxy‑4-carboxyl‑2-phenylbenzopyrylium perchlorate (CDC) in binary systems and in the presence of cationic surfactants (Surf) were studied. Using classical spectrophotometric methods of molar ratios and equilibrium shift, it was found that in two systems two complexes with stoichiometry Sb(III): CDC are formed: 1:2 and 1:3 at pH 2.5 and pH 6.0, respectively. Molar absorptivity coefficients were calculated for Sb(III) complexes with CDC, which are 1.2⋅104 and 1.1⋅104, respectively. It is shown that in the presence of cetylpyridinium chloride or cetyltrimetrylammonium bromide complexes with a molar ratio of Sb(III): CDC: Surf =1:3:3 are formed. In the presence of cationic surfactants there is no shift in the optimal pH of complexation, but there is an increase in the number of coordinated reagent molecules due to the loosening of the hydrate shell of the ion Sb(III) due to hydrophobic hydration of the complex. In addition, the introduction of cationic surfactants leads to a batochromic shift of the absorption band by 10–15 nm and an increase in the molar absorptivity to 2.8⋅104 and 3.4⋅104 when cetylpyridinium chloride or cetyltrimetrylammonium bromide were used respectively. The method of spectrophotometric determination of Stibium(III) was developed using an analytical form based on the ternary complex Sb(III): KDC: Surf = 1:3:3, which was tested during the analysis of samples of polymer materials (polyethylene terephthalate). It is noted that the developed technique is characterized by satisfactory reproducibility and is not inferior in sensitivity to known analogues.