bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Both reactive and proactive control are deficient in children with ADHD and predictive of clinical symptoms
Authors: Cai Weidong , Warren Stacie L. , Duberg Katherine , Yu Angela , Hinshaw Stephen P. , Menon Vinod
Published: May 2023

Cognitive control deficits are a hallmark of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Theoretical models posit that cognitive control involves reactive and proactive control processes but their distinct roles and inter-relations in ADHD are not known, and the contributions of proactive control remain vastly understudied. Here, we investigate the dynamic dual cognitive control mechanisms associated with both proactive and reactive control in 50 children with ADHD (16F/34M) and 30 typically developing (TD) children (14F/16M) aged 9–12 years across two different cognitive controls tasks using a within-subject design. We found that while TD children were capable of proactively adapting their response strategies, children with ADHD demonstrated significant deficits in implementing proactive control strategies associated with error monitoring and trial history. Children with ADHD also showed weaker reactive control than TD children, and this finding was replicated across tasks. Furthermore, while proactive and reactive control functions were correlated in TD children, such coordination between the cognitive control mechanisms was not present in children with ADHD. Finally, both reactive and proactive control functions were associated with behavioral problems in ADHD, and multi-dimensional features derived from the dynamic dual cognitive control framework predicted inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity clinical symptoms. Our findings demonstrate that ADHD in children is characterized by deficits in both proactive and reactive control, and suggest that multi-componential cognitive control measures can serve as robust predictors of clinical symptoms.
Enabling metallic behaviour in two-dimensional superlattice of semiconductor colloidal quantum dots
Authors: Septianto Ricky Dwi , Miranti Retno , Kikitsu Tomoka , Hikima Takaaki , Hashizume Daisuke , Matsushita Nobuhiro , Iwasa Yoshihiro , Bisri Satria Zulkarnaen
Published: May 2023

Semiconducting colloidal quantum dots and their assemblies exhibit superior optical properties owing to the quantum confinement effect. Thus, they are attracting tremendous interest from fundamental research to commercial applications. However, the electrical conducting properties remain detrimental predominantly due to the orientational disorder of quantum dots in the assembly. Here we report high conductivity and the consequent metallic behaviour of semiconducting colloidal quantum dots of lead sulphide. Precise facet orientation control to forming highly-ordered quasi-2-dimensional epitaxially-connected quantum dot superlattices is vital for high conductivity. The intrinsically high mobility over 10 cm2 V−1 s−1 and temperature-independent behaviour proved the high potential of semiconductor quantum dots for electrical conducting properties. Furthermore, the continuously tunable subband filling will enable quantum dot superlattices to be a future platform for emerging physical properties investigations, such as strongly correlated and topological states, as demonstrated in the moiré superlattices of twisted bilayer graphene.
Stacked binding of a PET ligand to Alzheimer’s tau paired helical filaments
Authors: Merz Gregory E. , Chalkley Matthew J. , Tan Sophia K. , Tse Eric , Lee Joanne , Prusiner Stanley B. , Paras Nick A. , DeGrado William F. , Southworth Daniel R.
Published: May 2023

Accumulation of filamentous aggregates of tau protein in the brain is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and many other neurodegenerative tauopathies. The filaments adopt disease-specific cross-β amyloid conformations that self-propagate and are implicated in neuronal loss. Development of molecular diagnostics and therapeutics is of critical importance. However, mechanisms of small molecule binding to the amyloid core is poorly understood. We used cryo–electron microscopy to determine a 2.7 Å structure of AD patient-derived tau paired-helical filaments bound to the PET ligand GTP-1. The compound is bound stoichiometrically at a single site along an exposed cleft of each protofilament in a stacked arrangement matching the fibril symmetry. Multiscale modeling reveals pi-pi aromatic interactions that pair favorably with the small molecule–protein contacts, supporting high specificity and affinity for the AD tau conformation. This binding mode offers critical insight into designing compounds to target different amyloid folds found across neurodegenerative diseases.
The AE4 transporter mediates kidney acid-base sensing
Authors: Vitzthum H. , Koch M. , Eckermann L. , Svendsen S. L. , Berg P. , Hübner C. A. , Wagner C. A. , Leipziger J. , Meyer-Schwesinger C. , Ehmke H.
Published: May 2023

The kidney plays a key role in the correction of systemic acid-base imbalances. Central for this regulation are the intercalated cells in the distal nephron, which secrete acid or base into the urine. How these cells sense acid-base disturbances is a long-standing question. Intercalated cells exclusively express the Na+-dependent Cl﻿−/HCO3﻿− exchanger AE4 (Slc4a9). Here we show that AE4-deficient mice exhibit a major dysregulation of acid-base balance. By combining molecular, imaging, biochemical and integrative approaches, we demonstrate that AE4-deficient mice are unable to sense and appropriately correct metabolic alkalosis and acidosis. Mechanistically, a lack of adaptive base secretion via the Cl﻿−/HCO3﻿− exchanger pendrin (Slc26a4) is the key cellular cause of this derailment. Our findings identify AE4 as an essential part of the renal sensing mechanism for changes in acid-base status.
TRABID inhibition activates cGAS/STING-mediated anti-tumor immunity through mitosis and autophagy dysregulation
Authors: Chen Yu-Hsuan , Chen Han-Hsiun , Wang Won-Jing , Chen Hsin-Yi , Huang Wei-Syun , Kao Chien-Han , Lee Sin-Rong , Yeat Nai Yang , Yan Ruei-Liang , Chan Shu-Jou , Wu Kuen-Phon , Chen Ruey-Hwa
Published: May 2023

Activation of tumor-intrinsic innate immunity has been a major strategy for improving immunotherapy. Previously, we reported an autophagy-promoting function of the deubiquitinating enzyme TRABID. Here, we identify a critical role of TRABID in suppressing anti-tumor immunity. Mechanistically, TRABID is upregulated in mitosis and governs mitotic cell division by removing K29-linked polyubiquitin chain from Aurora B and Survivin, thereby stabilizing the entire chromosomal passenger complex. TRABID inhibition causes micronuclei through a combinatory defect in mitosis and autophagy and protects cGAS from autophagic degradation, thereby activating the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathway. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TRABID promotes anti-tumor immune surveillance and sensitizes tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical cancer models in male mice. Clinically, TRABID expression in most solid cancer types correlates inversely with an interferon signature and infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells. Our study identifies a suppressive role of tumor-intrinsic TRABID in anti-tumor immunity and highlights TRABID as a promising target for sensitizing solid tumors to immunotherapy.
Evolution of surface area and membrane shear modulus of matured human red blood cells during mechanical fatigue
Authors: Wei Qiaodong , Wang Xiaolong , Zhang Ce , Dao Ming , Gong Xiaobo
Published: May 2023

Mechanical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) change during their senescence which supports numerous physiological or pathological processes in circulatory systems by providing crucial cellular mechanical environments of hemodynamics. However, quantitative studies on the aging and variations of RBC properties are largely lacking. Herein, we investigate morphological changes, softening or stiffening of single RBCs during aging using an in vitro mechanical fatigue model. Using a microfluidic system with microtubes, RBCs are repeatedly subjected to stretch and relaxation as they squeeze into and out of a sudden contraction region. Geometric parameters and mechanical properties of healthy human RBCs are characterized systematically upon each mechanical loading cycle. Our experimental results identify three typical shape transformations of RBCs during mechanical fatigue, which are all strongly associated with the loss of surface area. We constructed mathematical models for the evolution of surface area and membrane shear modulus of single RBCs during mechanical fatigue, and quantitatively developed an ensemble parameter to evaluate the aging status of RBCs. This study provides not only a novel in vitro fatigue model for investigating the mechanical behavior of RBCs, but also an index closely related to the age and inherent physical properties for a quantitative differentiation of individual RBCs.
Plasma metabolomics of oral squamous cell carcinomas based on NMR and MS approaches provides biomarker identification and survival prediction
Authors: Polachini Giovana Mussi , de Castro Tialfi Bergamin , Smarra Luis Fabiano Soares , Henrique Tiago , de Paula Carlos Henrique Diniz , Severino Patricia , López Rossana Veronica Mendoza , Carvalho André Lopes , de Mattos Zeri Ana Carolina , Silva Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro , Tajara Eloiza H.
Published: May 2023

Metabolomics has proven to be an important omics approach to understand the molecular pathways underlying the tumour phenotype and to identify new clinically useful markers. The literature on cancer has illustrated the potential of this approach as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. The present study aimed to analyse the plasma metabolic profile of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and controls and to compare patients with metastatic and primary tumours at different stages and subsites using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. To our knowledge, this is the only report that compared patients at different stages and subsites and replicates collected in diverse institutions at different times using these methodologies. Our results showed a plasma metabolic OSCC profile suggestive of abnormal ketogenesis, lipogenesis and energy metabolism, which is already present in early phases but is more evident in advanced stages of the disease. Reduced levels of several metabolites were also associated with an unfavorable prognosis. The observed metabolomic alterations may contribute to inflammation, immune response inhibition and tumour growth, and may be explained by four nonexclusive views—differential synthesis, uptake, release, and degradation of metabolites. The interpretation that assimilates these views is the cross talk between neoplastic and normal cells in the tumour microenvironment or in more distant anatomical sites, connected by biofluids, signalling molecules and vesicles. Additional population samples to evaluate the details of these molecular processes may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and novel strategies for OSCC prevention and treatment.
Improved demodulated phase signal resolution for carrier signals with small modulation index by clipping and synchronous sampling for heterodyne interferometers
Authors: Yu M. , Schewe M. , Bauer G. , Rembe C.
Published: May 2023

Digitization of phase-modulated carrier signals with a commercially available analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is a common task in many communication and sensor applications. ADCs deliver phase-modulated digital carrier signals, which are numerically demodulated in order to extract the relevant information. However, the limited dynamic ranges of available ADCs limit the carrier-to-noise ratio of carrier signals after digitization. Correspondingly, the resolution of the demodulated digital signal is degraded. We demonstrate a sampling method with a simple demodulation scheme for phase-modulated signals with a small modulation index. Our new scheme overcomes the limitation due to digital noise defined by the ADC. Through simulations and experiments, we provide evidence that our method can improve the resolution of the demodulated digital signal significantly, when the carrier-to-noise ratio of phase-modulated signals is limited by digital noise. We employ our sampling and demodulation scheme to solve the problem of a possible degradation of measurement resolution after digital demodulation in heterodyne interferometers measuring small vibration amplitudes.
Exercise-based rehabilitation on functionality and quality of life in head and neck cancer survivors. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pérez Isidro Miguel Martín , Pérez Sebastián Eustaquio Martín , García Raquel Pérez , Lupgens Diego de Zárate , Martínez Germán Barrachina , González Carolina Rodríguez , Yáñez Nart Keituqwa , Hernández Fidel Rodríguez
Published: May 2023

Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) is a globally rare cancer that includes a variety of tumors affecting the upper aerodigestive tract. It presents with difficulty breathing or swallowing and is mainly treated with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or surgery for tumors that have spread locally or throughout the body. Alternatively, exercise can be used during cancer treatment to improve function, including pain relief, increase range of motion and muscle strength, and reduce cancer-related fatigue, thereby enhancing quality of life. Although existing evidence suggests the adjunctive use of exercise in other cancer types, no previous studies have examined the effects on HNC survivors. The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effect of exercise-based rehabilitation on functionality and quality of life in HNC survivors who underwent surgery and/or chemoradiotherapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out following PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023390300). The search was performed in MEDLINE (PubMED), Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Web of Science (WOS) databases from inception to 31st December 2022 using the terms “cancer”, “head and neck neoplasms”, “exercise”, “rehabilitation”, “complications”, “muscle contraction”, “muscle stretching exercises” combining with booleans “AND”/“OR”. PEDro scale, Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and GRADE were used to assess methodological quality, risk of bias and grade of recommendation of included studies respectively. 18 studies (n = 1322) were finally included which 1039 (78.6%) were men and 283 (21.4%) were women. In patients who underwent radio-chemotherapy, overall pain [SMD = − 0.62 [− 4.07, 2.83] CI 95%, Z = 0.35, p = 0.72] and OP [SMD = − 0.07 [− 0.62, 0.48] CI 95%, Z = 0.25, p = 0.81] were slightly reduced with exercise in comparison to controls. Besides, lower limb muscle strength [SMD = − 0.10 [− 1.52, 1.32] CI 95%, Z = 0.14, p = 0.89] and fatigue [SMD = − 0.51 [− 0.97, − 0.057] CI 95%, Z = 2.15, p < 0.01] were also improved in those who receive radio-chemoradiation. In HNC survivors treated with neck dissection surgery, exercise was superior to controls in overall pain [SMD = − 1.04 [− 3.31, 1.23] CI 95%, Z = 0.90, p = 0.37] and, in mid-term, on shoulder pain SMD = − 2.81 [− 7.06, 1.43] CI 95%, Z = 1.76, p = 0.08]. No differences in quality of life were found at any of the follow-up periods. There is evidence of fair to good methodological quality, low to moderate risk of bias, and weak recommendations supporting the use of exercise-based rehabilitation to increase functionality. However, no evidence was found in favor of the use of this modality for improving the quality of life of HNC survivors who underwent chemoradiotherapy or surgery.
Fish biodiversity declines with dam development in the Lower Mekong Basin
Authors: Sor Ratha , Ngor Peng Bun , Lek Sovan , Chann Kimsan , Khoeun Romduol , Chandra Sudeep , Hogan Zeb S. , Null Sarah E.
Published: May 2023

Hydropower dams are a source of renewable energy, but dam development and hydropower generation negatively affect freshwater ecosystems, biodiversity, and food security. We assess the effects of hydropower dam development on spatial–temporal changes in fish biodiversity from 2007 to 2014 in the Sekong, Sesan, and Srepok Basins—major tributaries to the Mekong River. By analyzing a 7-year fish monitoring dataset, and regressing fish abundance and biodiversity trends against cumulative number of upstream dams, we found that hydropower dams reduced fish biodiversity, including migratory, IUCN threatened and indicator species in the Sesan and Srepok Basins where most dams have been constructed. Meanwhile, fish biodiversity increased in the Sekong, the basin with the fewest dams. Fish fauna in the Sesan and Srepok Basins decreased from 60 and 29 species in 2007 to 42 and 25 species in 2014, respectively; while they increased from 33 in 2007 to 56 species in 2014 in the Sekong Basin. This is one of the first empirical studies to show reduced diversity following dam construction and fragmentation, and increased diversity in less regulated rivers in the Mekong River. Our results underscore the importance of the Sekong Basin to fish biodiversity and highlight the likely significance of all remaining free-flowing sections of the Lower Mekong Basin, including the Sekong, Cambodian Mekong, and Tonle Sap Rivers to migratory and threatened fish species. To preserve biodiversity, developing alternative renewable sources of energy or re-operating existing dams to increase power generation are recommended over constructing new hydropower dams.
Compliance with retainer wear using audiovisual integration and reminder: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Wafaie Khaled , Mohammed Hisham , Xinrui Wang , Zhou Jinshu , El Sergani Ahmed M. , Yiqiang Qiao
Published: May 2023

Active audiovisual representation of instructions ensures vibrant knowledge acquisition and improves acquaintance needed for self-care with retainer wear. The aim of this trial is to assess the impact of audiovisual instructions with additional weekly electronic reminder messages on improving adherence to instructed wear time of Hawley retainer, periodontal outcomes, and participants’ experiences. Fifty-two participants (mean age 26.1 y) planned for removable retention, were randomly assigned to two parallel groups to receive either (1) audiovisual instructions with an additional weekly reminder, or (2) verbal instructions alone. Each participant received a Hawley retainer equipped with a TheraMon microsensor and was instructed to wear it for 22 h daily. Participants were monitored for adherence to the wear time after 3 (T1) and 6 months (T2), and had their periodontal health and experiences assessed at T2. Overall, the mean objectively measured daily wear time at T1 was 14.9 (± 4.9 h), and 14.3 (± 5.4 h) at T2. After 3 months, no significant differences were found between the groups (p = 0.065), however, a significant difference favoring better compliance with wear instructions was observed in the audiovisual group after 6 months (p = 0.033). A non-significant difference was observed between both groups regarding the gingival (p = 0.165) and plaque index scores (p = 0.173). Participants’ experiences were similar in both groups, except for satisfaction with the way of delivering instructions, being favorably reported in the audiovisual group. Audiovisual instructions with weekly reminders seem to have a significant effect on patient compliance in the longer term.

Trial registration: TCTR20230220002.
A geospatial platform for the tectonic interpretation of low-temperature thermochronology Big Data
Authors: Boone Samuel C. , Kohlmann Fabian , Noble Wayne , Theile Moritz , Beucher Romain , Kohn Barry , Glorie Stijn , Danišík Martin , Zhou Renjie , McMillan Malcolm , Nixon Angus , Gleadow Andrew , Qin Xiaodong , Müller Dietmar , McInnes Brent
Published: May 2023

Low-temperature thermochronology is a powerful tool for constraining the thermal evolution of rocks and minerals in relation to a breadth of tectonic, geodynamic, landscape evolution, and natural resource formation processes through deep time. However, complexities inherent to these analytical techniques can make interpreting the significance of results challenging, requiring them to be placed in their geological context in 4-dimensions (3D + time). We present a novel tool for the geospatial archival, analysis and dissemination of fission-track and (U-Th)/He data, built as an extension to the open-access AusGeochem platform (https://ausgeochem.auscope.org.au) and freely accessible to scientists from around the world. To demonstrate the power of the platform, three regional datasets from Kenya, Australia and the Red Sea are placed in their 4D geological, geochemical, and geographic contexts, revealing insights into the tectono-thermal evolutions of these areas. Beyond facilitating data interpretation, the archival of fission track and (U-Th)/He (meta-)data in relational schemas unlocks future potential for greater integration of thermochronology and numerical geoscience techniques. The power of formatting data to interface with external tools is demonstrated through the integration of GPlates Web Service with AusGeochem, enabling thermochronology data to be readily viewed in their paleogeographic context through deep time from within the platform.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of molar-incisor hypomineralization in Syrian children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Al-Nerabieah Zuhair , AlKhouli Muaaz , Dashash Mayssoon
Published: May 2023

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in Syrian children and to provide information about clinical patterns and severity of MIH lesions. A sample of 1138 children aged 8–11 years was recruited for this cross-sectional study. The diagnosis of MIH was made using the criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) and the MIH/HPSMs short charting form was used to score the index teeth. The results showed that the prevalence of MIH in Syrian children was 39.9%. Demarcated opacities were the most prevalent pattern of MIH defects on Permanent first molars (PFMs) and permanent incisors (PIs). Spearman rank correlation showed that the mean number of PIs and HPSMs with MIH increased when the number of affected PFMs was increased (P < 0.001). Chi-square test resulted that girls showed a higher number of severe PFMs than boys did with a statistically significant difference (x2 = 133.1, P < 0.05). Moreover, Chi-square test showed that the number of severe PFMs is higher than the number of severe PIs with a statistically significant difference (x2 = 54.9, P < 0.05). In addition, the mean dmft/DMFT index in children with MIH was found to be significantly higher than children without MIH (P < 0.05). The findings emphasize the need for early identification and management of MIH in children to prevent adverse effects on their oral health.
Linkages of unprecedented 2022 Yangtze River Valley heatwaves to Pakistan flood and triple-dip La Niña
Authors: Tang Shankai , Qiao Shaobo , Wang Bin , Liu Fei , Feng Taichen , Yang Jie , He Meng , Chen Dong , Cheng Jianbo , Feng Guolin , Dong Wenjie
Published: May 2023

In July-August 2022, Yangtze River Valley (YRV) experienced unprecedented hot summer, with the number of heatwave days exceeding climatology by four standard deviations. The heatwaves and associated severe droughts affected about 38 million people and caused devastating economic losses of about five billion US dollars. Here we present convergent empirical and modelling evidence to show that the record-breaking Pakistan rainfall, along with the 2022 tripe-dip La Niña, produces anomalous high pressure over YRV, causing intense heatwaves. The La Niña-induced second-highest sea surface temperature gradient in the equatorial western Pacific suppresses western Pacific convection and extends the subtropical high westward. More importantly, the tremendous diabatic heating associated with the unprecedented Pakistan rainfall reinforces the downstream Rossby wave train, extending the upper-level South Asia High eastward and controlling the entire YRV. The overlay of the two high-pressure systems sustains sinking motion and increases solar radiation reaching the ground, causing recurrent heat waves.
Single-material MoS2 thermoelectric junction enabled by substrate engineering
Authors: Razeghi Mohammadali , Spiece Jean , Oğuz Oğuzhan , Pehlivanoğlu Doruk , Huang Yubin , Sheraz Ali , Başçı Uğur , Dobson Phillip S. , Weaver Jonathan M. R. , Gehring Pascal , Kasırga T. Serkan
Published: May 2023

To realize a thermoelectric power generator, typically, a junction between two materials with different Seebeck coefficients needs to be fabricated. Such differences in Seebeck coefficients can be induced by doping, which renders it difficult when working with two-dimensional (2d) materials. However, doping is not the only way to modulate the Seebeck coefficient of a 2d material. Substrate-altered electron–phonon scattering mechanisms can also be used to this end. Here, we employ the substrate effects to form a thermoelectric junction in ultrathin, few-layer MoS2 films. We investigated the junctions with a combination of scanning photocurrent microscopy and scanning thermal microscopy. This allows us to reveal that thermoelectric junctions form across the substrate-engineered parts. We attribute this to a gating effect induced by interfacial charges in combination with alterations in the electron–phonon scattering mechanisms. This work demonstrates that substrate engineering is a promising strategy for developing future compact thin-film thermoelectric power generators.
Challenges and possibilities for aqueous battery systems
Authors: Ahn Heeju , Kim Daye , Lee Minji , Nam Kwan Woo
Published: May 2023

Fatal casualties resulting from explosions of electric vehicles and energy storage systems equipped with lithium-ion batteries have become increasingly common worldwide. As a result, interest in developing safer and more advanced battery systems has grown. Aqueous batteries are emerging as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries, which offer advantages such as low cost, safety, high ionic conductivity, and environmental friendliness. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and recent strategies for various aqueous battery systems that use lithium, zinc, sodium, magnesium, and aluminium ions as carrier ions. We also highlight the three key factors that need the most improvement in these aqueous battery systems: higher operating voltage for the cathode, a more stable metal anode interface, and a larger electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte.
Fallow priority areas for spatial trade-offs between cost and efficiency in China
Authors: Zeng Siyan , Chen Fu , Liu Gang-Jun , Raveloaritiana Estelle , Wanger Thomas Cherico
Published: May 2023

Fallow pilot policies exist in China but fallow priority areas have yet to be identified based on eco-environmental stressors and spatial cost-benefit analyses. Here we use a multi-criteria optimization algorithm to determine fallow priority areas based on soil pollution, groundwater overexploitation, land quality, and ecological protection redlines delineation data and with high-cost effectiveness. By considering five spatial scenarios on three objective functions, we find most notably that fallowing the top 20% of priority areas, the benefit of pollution control and environmental protection can be achieved by up to 98.7% and 64.7%, respectively. Our results show that effective fallow prioritization on cultivated land may reduce implementation costs by up to 509.3 billion USD, corresponding to 13.6% of China’s budget in 2021. Thus, effective fallow prioritization will promote sustainable land use by pursuing goals between benefits and cost synergistically and allow budget allocation to other sustainable agricultural targets based on agricultural diversification.
NIR-II imaging-guided photothermal cancer therapy combined with enhanced immunogenic death
Authors: Wang Yukun , Li Wenjing , Lin Bi , Yuan Ying , Ning Pengbo , Tao Xiaofeng , Lv Ruichan
Published: May 2023

Here, we designed GdOF@PDA-HA-R837-hydrogel complex to achieve NIR-II imaging-guided photothermal ablation and enhanced immune response.
Constructing a 1T-MoS2/Ni3S4heterostructure to balance water dissociation and hydroxyl desorption for efficient hydrogen evolution
Authors: Xiang Lijuan , Liu Xilin , Xu Shaonan , Wang Kaiwen , Yuan Shisheng , Li Nan
Published: May 2023

We constructed a 1T-MoS2/Ni3S4heterostructure which promotes water dissociation and optimizes hydrogen adsorption for electrocatalysts and then endows it with exceptional alkaline HER catalytic activity comparable to commercial Pt/C.
A reversible room temperature phosphorescence/delayed fluorescence switch trigged by solvent exchange in a Ca-based coordination polymer
Authors: Ni Ai-Yun , Zhao He , Zhang Pei-Pei , Zhang Bo-Lun , Zhang Jian-Jun , Liu Shuqin , Chen Jun , Duan Chunying
Published: May 2023

Presented here is a coordination polymer whose initial delayed fluorescence can be reversibly converted to room temperature phosphorescence through the reversible exchange of DMSO and H2O solvent molecules.
A theoretical analysis of the vibrational modes of ammonium metavanadate
Authors: Guo Qing , Liu Xiao-Yan , Liu Si-Cheng , Li Yi-Ning , Yin Yi , Zhang Peng
Published: May 2023

The peak at 711 cm−1 is from the V–O stretching vibrational mode. It is selected for ideal photon–phonon resonance absorption frequency.
Hierarchical covalent organic framework-foam for multi-enzyme tandem catalysis
Authors: Paul Satyadip , Gupta Mani , Dey Kaushik , Mahato Ashok Kumar , Bag Saikat , Torris Arun , Gowd E. Bhoje , Sajid Hasnain , Addicoat Matthew A. , Datta Supratim , Banerjee Rahul
Published: May 2023

We have developed a covalent organic framework foam with ordered and disordered pores which can immobilize various enzymes towards one-pot tandem glucose synthesis from CMC with excellent recyclability and can be used in biofuel production.
Cryogenic efficient phase separation of oil–water emulsions with amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(amido-amine)
Authors: Yan Shu , Jiang Pengfei , Zhang Xinghong , Guo Yongsheng , Fang Wenjun
Published: May 2023

Amphiphilic hyperbranched poly(amido-amine) with a core–shell structure based on multi-scale rational design as an efficient additive can enhance demulsification performance at low temperature.
Skin-like hydrogels: design strategy and mechanism, properties, and sensing applications
Authors: Pu Lisha , Wang Hui , Zhao Yinan , Yuan Zhiang , Zhang Yunqi , Ding Junjie , Qu Keyu , Sun Wenzhi , Xue Zhongxin , Xu Wenlong , Sun Xiyan
Published: May 2023

By imitating the skin structure, the skin-like hydrogel is designed, which has high fit degree and biocompatibility for human application. It can be used to detect a variety of human signals which has important significance in the field of sensing.
The past and the future of the GAINS spectrometer @ GELINA
Authors: Olacel Adina , Borcea Catalin , Boromiza Marian , Dessagne Philippe , Henning Greg , Kavatsyuk Myroslav , Kalantar-Nayestanaki Nasser , Kerveno Maëlle , Negret Alexandru , Nyman Markus , Oprea Andreea , Paradela Carlos , Plompen Arjan
Published: May 2023

GAINS (Gamma Array for Inelastic Neutron Scattering), currently installed at the GELINA (Geel Electron Linear Accelerator) neutron source of the EC-JRC (European Commission-Joint Research Centre), is one of the best instruments available worldwide for measuring high resolution, low uncertainty neutron inelastic cross-section data relevant for both fundamental research and nuclear physics applications (like Generation IV facilities). It features 12 HPGe detectors coupled with a 235U fission chamber for neutron flux monitoring. The paper presents a short history of the GAINS development over the years and reviews some of the main experimental results together with plans for future experiments.
Measurement of neutron capture cross section and capture gamma-ray spectrum of 128Te in keV-neutron energy region
Authors: Katabuchi Tatsuya , Valasik Michal , Husamuddin Bin Abdul Khalil Muhammad , Igashira Masayukis
Published: May 2023

The neutron capture cross section of 128Te was measured by the TOF method in the energy regions of 15 – 91 keV and 550 keV. The cross section was determined with accuracies of 4-7%. The results are compared with past experimental data and evaluations of JENDL-4. A large disagreement with the recent activation measurement at around 550 keV was observed.
Neutron capture and total cross-section measurements on 94,95,96Mo at n_TOF and GELINA
Authors: Mucciola R. , Paradela C. , Manna A. , Alaerts G. , Massimi C. , Kopecky S. , Mengoni A. , Moens A. , Schillebeeckx P. , Wynants R. , Aberle O. , Alcayne V. , Altieri S. , Amaducci S. , Amar Es-Sghir H. , Andrzejewski J. , Babiano-Suarez V. , Bacak M. , Balibrea J. , Bennett S. , Bernardes A. P. , Berthoumieux E. , Bosnar D. , Busso M. , Caamaño M. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Cano-Ott D. , Casanovas A. , Castelluccio D. M. , Cerutti F. , Cescutti G. , Chasapoglou S. , Chiaveri E. , Colombetti P. , Colonna N. , Console Camprini P. C. , Cortés G. , Cortés-Giraldo M. A. , Cosentino L. , Cristallo S. , Di Castro M. , Diacono D. , Diakaki M. , Dietz M. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dressler R. , Dupont E. , Durán I. , Eleme Z. , Fargier S. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Finocchiaro P. , Fiore S. , Furman V. , García-Infantes F. , Gawlik-Ramięga A. , Gervino G. , Gilardoni S. , González-Romero E. , Guerrero C. , Gunsing F. , Gustavino C. , Heyse J. , Jenkins D. G. , Jericha E. , Junghans A. , Kadi Y. , Katabuchi T. , Knapová I. , Kokkoris M. , Kopatch Y. , Krtička M. , Kurtulgil D. , Ladarescu I. , Lederer-Woods C. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Lerner G. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Matteucci F. , Maugeri E. A. , Mazzone A. , Mendoza E. , Michalopoulou V. , Milazzo P. M. , Murtas† F. , Musacchio-Gonzalez E. , Musumarra A. , Negret A. , Oprea A. , Pérez-Maroto P. , Patronis N. , Pavón-Rodríguez J. A. , Pellegriti M. G. , Perkowski J. , Petrone C. , Piersanti L. , Pirovano E. , Pomp S. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Protti N. , Quesada J. M. , Rauscher T. , Reifarth R. , Rochman D. , Romanets Y. , Romano F. , Rubbia C. , Sánchez A. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Schumann D. , Sekhar A. , Smith A. G. , Sosnin N. V. , Spelta M. , Stamati M. E. , Tagliente G. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Tarrío D. , Terranova N. , Torres-Sánchez P. , Urlass S. , Valenta S. , Variale V. , Vaz P. , Vescovi D. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner A. , Woods P. J. , Wright T. , Žugec P. ,   the n_TOF Collaboration
Published: May 2023

Capture and total cross section measurements for 94,95,96Mo have been performed at the neutron time-of-flight facilities, n_TOF at CERN and GELINA at JRC-Geel. The measurements were performed using isotopically enriched samples with an enrichment above 95% for each of the 94,95,96Mo isotopes. The capture measurements were performed at n_TOF using C6D6 detectors and a new sTED detector. The transmission measurements were performed at a 10 m station of GELINA using a 6Li glass neutron detector. Preliminary results of these measurements are presented.
Measurement of the 241Am(n,γ) cross section at the n_TOF facility at CERN
Authors: Oprea A. , Gunsing F. , Schillebeeckx P. , Aberle O. , Bacak M. , Berthoumieux E. , Cano-Ott D. , Diakaki M. , Dupont E. , Geslot B. , Glodariu† T. , Heyse J. , Mendoza E. , Negret A. , Alcayne V. , Amaducci S. , Andrzejewski J. , Audouin L. , Bécares V. , Babiano-Suarez V. , Barbagallo M. , Bečvář F. , Bellia G. , Billowes J. , Bosnar D. , Brown A. , Busso M. , Caamaño M. , Caballero-Ontanaya L. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Casanovas A. , Cerutti F. , Chen Y. H. , Chiaveri E. , Colonna N. , Cortés G. , Cortés-Giraldo M. A. , Cosentino L. , Cristallo S. , Damone L. A. , Dietz M. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dressler R. , Durán I. , Eleme Z. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Ferrari A. , Finocchiaro P. , Furman V. , Göbel K. , Garg R. , Gawlik-Ramięga A. , Gilardoni S. , Gonçalves I. F. , González-Romero E. , Guerrero C. , Harada H. , Heinitz S. , Jenkins D. G. , Jericha E. , Käppeler† F. , Kaur G. , Kadi Y. , Kimura A. , Kivel N. , Kokkoris M. , Kopatch Y. , Krtička M. , Kurtulgil D. , Ladarescu I. , Lederer-Woods C. , Leeb H. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Lo Meo S. , Lonsdale S. J. , Macina D. , Manna A. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Massimi C. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Matteucci F. , Maugeri E. A. , Mazzone A. , Mengoni A. , Michalopoulou V. , Milazzo P. M. , Mingrone F. , Musumarra A. , Nolte R. , Ogállar F. , Patronis N. , Pavlik A. , Perkowski J. , Piersanti L. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Quesada J. M. , Radeck D. , Ramos-Doval D. , Rauscher T. , Reifarth R. , Rochman D. , Rubbia C. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Saxena A. , Schumann D. , Smith A. G. , Sosnin N. V. , Stamatopoulos A. , Tagliente G. , Tain J. L. , Talip T. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Tassan-Got L. , Torres-Sánchez P. , Tsinganis A. , Ulrich J. , Urlass S. , Valenta S. , Vannini G. , Variale V. , Vaz P. , Ventura A. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner A. , Woods P. J. , Wright T. , Žugec P.
Published: May 2023

The neutron capture cross section of 241Am is an important quantity for nuclear energy production and fuel cycle scenarios. Several measurements have been performed in recent years with the aim to reduce existing uncertainties in evaluated data. Two previous measurements, performed at the 185 m flight-path station EAR1 of the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN, have permitted to substantially extend the resolved resonance region, but suffered in the near-thermal energy range from the unfavorable signal-to-background ratio resulting from the combination of the high radioactivity of 241Am and the rather low thermal neutron flux. The here presented 241Am(n,γ) measurement, performed with C6D6 liquid scintillator gamma detectors at the 20 m flight-path station EAR2 of the n_TOF facility, took advantage of the much higher neutron flux. The current status of the analysis of the data, focussed on the low-energy region, will be described here.
Neutron production in the interaction of 200-MeV deuterons with Li, Be, C, Al, Cu, Nb, In, Ta, and Au
Authors: Watanabe Yukinobu , Sadamatsu Hiroki , Araki Shouhei , Nakano Keita , Kawase Shoichiro , Kin Tadahiro , Iwamoto Yosuke , Satoh Daiki , Hagiwara Masayuki , Yashima Hiroshi , Shima Tatsushi , Nakayama Shinsuke
Published: May 2023

Double-differential neutron production cross sections (DDXs) for 200-MeV deuteron induced reactions on Li, Be, C, Al, Cu, Nb, In, Ta, and Au were measured at forward emission angles ranging from 0° to 25° by means of a time of flight (TOF) method with EJ301 liquid organic scintillators. The measured DDXs were compared with JENDL-5 and TENDL-2021 nuclear data, and theoretical model calculations using DEURACS and PHITS codes. It was found that the JENDL-5 and DEURACS calculation are in better agreement with the measured DDXs than the PHITS calculation, while TENDL-2021 fails to reproduce both the spectral shape and magnitude of the measured DDXs for all the targets.
Improving nuclear data evaluations with predictive reaction theory and indirect measurements
Authors: Escher Jutta , Bergstrom Kirana , Chimanski Emanuel , Gorton Oliver , In Eun Jin , Kruse Michael , Péru Sophie , Pruitt Cole , Rahman Rida , Shinkle Emily , Thapa Aaina , Younes Walid
Published: May 2023

Nuclear reaction data required for astrophysics and applications is incomplete, as not all nuclear reactions can be measured or reliably predicted. Neutron-induced reactions involving unstable targets are particularly challenging, but often critical for simulations. In response to this need, indirect approaches, such as the surrogate reaction method, have been developed. Nuclear theory is key to extract reliable cross sections from such indirect measurements. We describe ongoing efforts to expand the theoretical capabilities that enable surrogate reaction measurements. We focus on microscopic predictions for charged-particle inelastic scattering, uncertainty-quantified optical nucleon-nucleus models, and neural-network enhanced parameter inference.
Interchange, Extension and Validation of R-matrix fits for gamma production
Authors: Thompson Ian
Published: May 2023

The R-matrix method of Lane and Thomas is the standard procedure for modeling resonances at low energies, to determine widths and angular distributions needed for nuclear evaluations. Many different codes have been written with different input and output file formats, so a new code FERDINAND is available to interchange parameters. The standard procedure requires fixed boundary condition constants, so the ansatz of allowing energy-dependence for such ‘constants’ should be deprecated. The future need for larger R-matrix fits with more target excited states, to enable better prediction of gamma-rays from the decays of those states, will almost certainly be facilitated by the GPU parallel methods that are now appearing.
Comparison of binding energy from Atomic Mass Evaluation (AME-2020) with statistical model calculations
Authors: Sariyal Ranjan , Mazumdar Indranil
Published: May 2023

Realistic model calculations are fundamental to any physical problem. The statistical model continues to remain one of the important theoretical basis formalism in the nuclear reaction and structure field, which is based on the theory of compound nuclei. In this work, we have compared the recently measured binding energies from The Atomic Mass Evaluation 2020 with statistical model calculation. This comparison becomes very important from the fact that code calculates everything from excitation energy Q-value of reaction to cross-sections based on binding energy and is used frequently by nuclear research communities throughout the world. We have given a brief explanation of how code calculates and comparison of calculated Binding energy with recently measured binding energies from The Atomic Mass Evaluation 2020. A total of 254 stable nuclides binding energies are compared. Statistical model calculations are presented for spin distribution of fusion cross-section for different diffusive parameters for two different reactions are shown and nuclear level density using different formalisms are also presented
Microscopic simulation of symmetric boost fission with antisymmetrized molecular dynamics
Authors: Chen Jingde , Ishizuka Chikako , Ono Akira , Chiba Satoshi
Published: May 2023

We present our first results for a microscopic simulation of symmetric boost fission in terms of the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) model. In AMD model, ground states of fissioning nuclei were prepared by a frictional cooling method and symmetrical boost momenta were given to nucleons inside to split the ground-state into fission fragments. After the simulation, we calculated the mass numbers and total kinetic energy (TKE) of the fission fragments. We also calculated orbital angular momenta of each fragment and identified them as spins, their mutual orientation and their orientation with respect to the linear momenta which defined the fission axis. Moreover, we found spin distribution of fission fragments was similar to the one given by the Fermi-gas model if spin cut-off parameter was adjusted. Finally, several ternary fission events were observed, emitting Tritium or 4He from the neck region, and average energy and angles of these ternary particles with respect to the fission axis were found to be in accord with experimental data.
Characterization of a detector setup for the measurement of the 235U(n,f) cross section relative to n-p scattering up to 500 MeV at the n_TOF facility at CERN
Authors: Manna A. , Pirovano E. , Colonna N. , Castelluccio D. , Console Camprini P. , Cosentino L. , Dietz M. , Ducasse Q. , Finocchiaro P. , Le Naour C. , Massimi C. , Mengoni A. , Nolte R. , Tassan-Got L. , Terranova N. , Vannini G. , Ventura A. , Aberle O. , Alcayne V. , Amaducci S. , Andrzejewski J. , Audouin L. , Babiano-Suarez V. , Bacak M. , Barbagallo M. , Bennett S. , Berthoumieux E. , Billowes J. , Bosnar D. , Brown A. , Busso M. , Caamaño M. , Caballero-Ontanaya L. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Cano-Ott D. , Casanovas A. , Cerutti F. , Chiaveri E. , Cortés G. , Cortés-Giraldo M. A. , Cristallo S. , Damone L. A. , Davies P. J. , Diakaki M. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dressler R. , Dupont E. , Durán I. , Eleme Z. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Ferrari A. , Göbel K. , Garg R. , Gawlik-Ramiega R. A. , Gilardoni S. , Gonçalves I. F. , González-Romero E. , Guerrero C. , Gunsing F. , Harada H. , Heinitz S. , Heyse J. , Jenkins D. G. , Junghans A. , Käppeler F. , Kadi Y. , Kimura A. , Knapová I. , Kokkoris M. , Krtička M. , Kurtulgil D. , Ladarescu I. , Lederer-Woods C. , Leeb H. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Lonsdale S. J. , Macina D. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Maugeri E. A. , Mazzone A. , Mendoza E. , Michalopoulou V. , Milazzo P. M. , Mingrone F. , Moreno-Soto J. , Musumarra A. , Negret A. , Ogállar F. , Oprea A. , Patronis N. , Pavlik A. , Perkowski J. , Piersanti L. , Petrone C. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Quesada J. M. , Ramos-Doval D. , Rauscher T. , Reifarth R. , Rochman D. , Rubbia C. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Saxena A. , Schillebeeckx P. , Schumann D. , Sekhar A. , Smith A. G. , Sosnin N. V. , Sprung P. , Stamatopoulos A. , Tagliente G. , Tain J. L. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Thomas Th. , Torres-Sánchez P. , Tsinganis A. , Ulrich J. , Urlass S. , Valenta S. , Variale V. , Vaz P. , Vescovi D. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner A. , Woods P. J. , Wright T. , Žugec P.
Published: May 2023

The measurement of the 235U(n,f) reaction cross section in the neutron energy region 10 MeV to 500 MeV was carried out at the CERN n_TOF facility. The experimental campaign, completed in 2018, provided precise and accurate data on the fission reaction relative to neutron-proton elastic scattering. A description and characterization of the used setup for the simultaneous measurement of fission fragments and neutron flux is reported here.
Angular momentum of doubly magic 132Sn fission product: Experimental and theoretical aspects
Authors: Serot Olivier , Chebboubi Abdelhazize , Nicholson Jehaan , Kessedjian Grégoire , Litaize Olivier , Sage Christophe , Meplan Olivier , Ramdhane Mourad , Köster Ulli , Kim Yung Hee
Published: May 2023

Despite the numerous theoretical and experimental works published very recently, the way in which fission fragments acquire their angular momentum is still an open question. This angular momentum generation mechanism is important not only for improving our understanding of the fission process, but also for nuclear energy applications, since the angular momentum of fission fragments strongly impact the prompt gamma spectra and consequently the decay heat in a reactor. In this context, within the framework of a collaboration between the ‘Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Corpusculaire’ (LPSC, France), the ‘Institut Laue Langevin’ (ILL, France) and the CEA-Cadarache (France), an experimental program was developed on the LO-HENGRIN mass-spectrometer with the aim of measuring isomeric ratio of some fission products for different thermal-neutron-induced fission reactions. This paper will be focused on the results obtained for the spherical nucleus 132Sn following thermal-neutron-induced fission of both 235U and 241Pu targets. To further challenge the angular momentum generation models, 132Sn isomeric ratio (IR) was measured as a function of 132Sn fission product kinetic energy (KE). The angular momentum was determined by combining our experimental data with the calculations performed with the FIFRELIN Monte Carlo code. A clear angular momentum decrease with KE was observed for both reactions. Lastly, we investigate the dependence of the 132Sn angular momentum with the incident neutron energy, from thermal region up to 5 MeV (below the second-chance fission). For that, the four free available parameters in FIFRELIN are selected in order to reproduce the average prompt neutron multiplicity. In this way, the angular momentum is deduced for each neutron energy. These results are discussed in terms of the impact of the available intrinsic excitation energy at scission on the spin generation mechanism.