bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ένας γενναίος νέος κόσμος, σαν όλους τους προηγούμενους
Authors: Κελεφιώτης Δημήτρης
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Κρίση και τεχνο-διανοηση: η άνοδος του "γνωσιακού καπιταλισμού"
Authors: Χάλαρης Γιώργος
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Ο συντηρητικός εθνολαϊκισμός στη Δυτική Ευρώπη: Ένα αντιφατικό φαινόμενο
Authors: Παπαδόπουλος Γιάννης
Published: October 2015

Το άρθρο εξετάζει την επιτυχία συντηρητικών εθνολαϊκιστικών κομμάτων σε αρκετά δυτικοευρωπαϊκά κράτη ως ένα αντιφατικό φαινόμενο. Μελετώντας τα ιδεολογικά, οργανωτικά και κοινωνιολογικά χαρακτηριστικά αυτών των κομμάτων, εντοπίζονται δύο βασικές αντινομίες που τα διατρέχουν. Πρόκειται για τον συνδυασμό μιας αντιελιτιστικής κριτικής που δίνει έμφαση στην ολιγαρχική φύση των σύγχρονων δημοκρατικών συστημάτων, με προτάσεις επιλεκτικών πολιτικών αλληλεγγύης που συνεπάγονται κοινωνικούς αποκλεισμούς, καθώς και με προτάσεις εκδημοκρατισμού που συνοδεύουν τις ιεραρχικές εσωτερικές δομές και τις αυταρχικές κοινωνικές αξίες οι οποίες είναι αντίθετες προς τον σεβασμό της διαφορετικότητας. Το άρθρο αξιολογεί, επίσης, την επίδραση των θεσμικών παραγόντων αλλά και του πολιτικού περιβάλλοντος όσον αφορά την απήχηση του εθνο-λαϊκισμού. Τέλος, εξετάζονται τα όρια της λαϊκιστικής επίδρασης, τα αποτελέσματα ‘μπούμερανγκ’ που προκαλεί ο πληθωρισμός εκλογικών υποσχέσεων από τα αντισυστη- μικά κόμματα, όταν αυτά αποκτήσουν την εξουσία, καθώς και η υποστήριξη από τα κόμματα αυτά της δημοκρατικής φύσης του καθεστώτος παρά τη δυσπιστία τους στις αρχές της αντιπροσώπευσης. Συμπερασματικά, εκτιμάται ότι ο συστημικός κίνδυνος που συνεπάγεται ο σύγχρονος εθνολαϊκισμός δεν είναι δυνατόν να ταυτιστεί με τον αποσταθεροποιητικό ρόλο των ακροδεξιών κινημάτων του Μεσοπολέμου.
Πολιτική κουλτούρα, πολιτικά κόμματα και δημοκρατία στην περιοχή των Άνδεων
Authors: Mansilla H. C. F.
Published: October 2015

Στην ανάλυση που ακολουθεί ερευνάται η σχέση πολιτικής κουλτούρας, πολιτικών κομμάτων και δημοκρατίας στην περιοχή των Άνδεων. Η πολιτική κουλτούρα είναι προϊόν της ώσμωσης παραδοσιακών δοξασιών και τρόπων ζωής των γηγενών με τη φορτωμένη με έντονα στοιχεία αυταρχισμού της αραβο-ισλαμικής κληρονομιάς ισπανο- ηβιρική κουλτούρα. Προϊόν αυτής της ώσμωσης είναι ένας τύπος κουλτούρας στην οποία συνυπάρχουν αξίες και στάσεις που φτάνουν μέχρι τα βάθη της τοπικής κουλτούρας με σύγχρονες αξίες που χαρακτηρίζουν μοντέρνους πολιτισμούς. Αυτή η ‘συμπτωτότητα’ (simultaneousness) διαφορετικών πολιτισμών (cultures) στην ίδια περιοχή εμποδίζει τον εκσυγχρονισμό προπάντων του πολιτικού/κομματικού συστήματος, γεγονός που αποδει- κνύεται με την επιστροφή σε παραδοσιακές στάσεις και συμπεριφορές κάθε φορά που επιτυγχάνεται μια κάποια πρόοδος στην υιοθέτηση φιλελεύθερων αρχών και δημοκρατικών διαδικασιών. Σημασία δίνεται στη διαπίστωση ότι είναι οι τυπικές ελίτ στις οποίες αναδεικνύονται με πολύ σαφή τρόπο οι περίπλοκοι δεσμοί της σύγχρονης με την παραδοσιακή κουλτούρα. Οι συντηρητικές αξίες, καλυμμένες με έναν επαναστατικό μανδύα, επιβιώνουν εμφανιζόμενες ως προοδευτικές και αντικομφορμιστικές. Οι ίδιοι διανοούμενοι οι οποίοι, στο παρελθόν, έβλεπαν τη λύτρωση των λαών στη σοσιαλιστική επανάσταση πιστεύουν, τώρα, ότι ο φιλελεύθερος εκσυγχρονισμός και η εφαρμογή των κανόνων της φιλελεύθερης αγοράς θα μετατρέψουν τη Λατινική Αμερική σε "Άπω Δύση".
Το αέναο παιγνίδι των διαφορών
Authors: Τσιβάκου Ιωάννα
Published: October 2015

Αφορμή για τη συγγραφή αυτού του άρθρου υπήρξαν δύο παρατηρήσεις του Urlich Beck: η πρώτη αναφέρεται στην ανεπάρκεια των κωδικοποιημένων διπολικών διαφορών (που συγκρότησαν, κατά καιρούς, διάφοροι κοινωνικοί στοχαστε'ς) να εξηγήσουν τις λειτουργίες των κοινωνικών συστημάτων η δεύτερη, στην ανάγκη για αντικατάσταση αυτού του τρόπου κοινωνιολογικής προσε'γγισης, του βασισμένου στις διπολικές αντιθέσεις, με έναν πιο εύπλαστο και πλουραλιστικό που θα κατευθύνεται από την αρχή της συμπληρωματικότητας. Προκειμένου να υποστηριχθεί πως η διαφορά, τουλάχιστον στον Luhmann, αναφέρεται αφ’ εαυτής στη συμπληρωματικότητα και στη σχέση και όχι στην αντίθεση, το άρθρο προβαίνει σε θεωρητική ανασκόπηση της εν λόγω έννοιας από την οπτική κυρίως της κυβερνητικής δευτέρας τάξεως και της θεωρίας για τα κοινωνικά συστήματα του Luhmann. Σχολιάζοντας κριτικά τα υπέρ και τα κατά της συστημικής προσέγγισης, και συμφωνώντας με τον Beck όσον αφορά το μονοδιάστατο των δυαδικών κωδίκων του Luhmann, το άρθρο αντί για την εγκατάλειψη των διαφορών, πράγμα αδύνατον, προτείνει η κοινωνιολογική σκέψη να στραφεί στην παρατήρηση των πολλαπλών διαφορών οι οποίες, συναρμοσμένες σε αξιολογικούς άξονες, παρέχουν στα κοινωνικά συστήματα τα αναγκαία στοιχεία για τη διαφοροποίηση και αναπαραγωγή τους. Τέλος, υποδεικνύοντας ως μέσο ανάδειξης των κοινωνικών συστημάτων τις κοινωνικές έλλογες πρακτικές, το άρθρο υπαινίσσεται ότι οι τελευταίες είναι επίσης οι τόποι ανάδειξης των παρατηρητών, ήτοι όσων έχουν τη δυνατότητα να προβαίνουν σε επιλογές. Οι πρακτικές μπορεί να λειτουργούν βάσει διαφορών, αλλά όπως μπορεί κανείς να συμπε- ράνει, λόγω του ότι χαρακτηρίζονται από την ανθρώπινη ανάγκη για συνεργασία και κοινωνικότητα, αφήνουν περιθώρια για την εισαγωγή της βούλησης στο παιγνίδι των διαφορών.
Πηνελόπη Φουντεδάκη, Το τουρκικό πολίτευμα: Το χωλό δημοκρατικό πρότυπο και οι θεσπισμένες παρεκκλίσεις του
Authors: Κανελλοπούλου Νέδα Αθ.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Αντώνης Μανιτάκης, Οι σχέαεις της εκκλησίας με το κράτος-έθνος: Στη σκιά των ταυτοτήτων
Authors: Κωνσταντοπούλου Ιουλία-Μαρία
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Περί πολιτισμικού τραύματος
Authors: Κορωνάκη Κατερίνα
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Γλώσσα, γραμματισμός και εξουσία
Authors: Macedo Donaldo , Freire Paulo
Published: October 2015

Ο Donaldo Macedo και o Paulo Freire συζητούν τη σχέση ανάμεσα στην κουλτούρα και την εκπαίδευση αναλύοντας τον ρόλο του κριτικού αλφαβητισμού στην κατανόηση της γλώσσας ως ταξικού στοιχείου. Αναφέρονται στο θέμα της βασικής εκπαίδευσης, της περιθωριοποιημένης κουλτούρας και της κυρίαρχης ιδεολογίας. Οι δύο συνομιλητές θίγουν επιπλέον τη σημασία που έχει, για τις περιθωριοποιημένες ή υποταγμένες πολιτισμικά ομάδες, η αντίληψη του εαυτού μέσω της γλώσσας και την απελευθερωτική διάσταση που μπορεί να προσλάβει η χρήση της.
Η εμπιστοσύνη ως κοινωνικό συναίσθημα
Authors: Δεμερτζής Νίκος
Published: October 2015

Μολονότι συνδέονται, οι έννοιες του κοινωνικού κεφαλαίου και της εμπιστοσύνης εξακολουθούν να περιβάλλονται από ασάφεια και εναντιωματικές θεωρήσεις. Στο άρθρο αυτό εξετάζονται οι ομοιότητες και οι διαφορές της ορθολογικής και της κοινωνιολογι- κής-πολιτισμικής θεώρησης της εμπιστοσύνης και υποστηρίζεται ότι, σε τελευταία ανάλυση, η ‘εμπιστοσύνη’ έχει νόημα όταν ιδωθεί ως κοινωνικό συναίσθημα παρά ως ωφελιμιστικός υπολογισμός γνωστικού τύπου. Επίσης, γίνεται χρήση ποσοτικών και ποιοτικών ερευνητικών αποτελεσμάτων στα οποία αποτυπώνεται μέρος του θεωρητικού πλαισίου και από τα οποία εμφαίνεται ότι η νεολαία στην Ελλάδα δεν χαρακτηρίζεται από υψηλό κοινωνικό κεφάλαιο και κοινωνική εμπιστοσύνη, κάτι που ισχύει εξάλλου και για τον γενικό πληθυσμό.
Karl Polanyi, Ο μεγάλος μετασχηματισμός: Aνθρωπολογική και ιστορική κριτική της οικονομίας της αγοράς
Authors: Σκομβούλης Μιχάλης
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Barton Biggs, Hedge hogging
Authors: Κατσούλης Ηλίας
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Η αφήγηση περί ανοιχτής διακυβέρνησης και το opengov.gr
Authors: Πατέλη Κορίνα
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Σάσκια Σάσεν, Χωρίς έλεγχο; Η εθνική κυριαρχία, η μετανάστευση και η ιδιότητα του πολίτη την εποχή της παγκοσμιοποίησης
Authors: Μπασκόζος Ι. Ν.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Emmanuel Todd, Μετά την Αυτοκρατορία
Authors: Σκομβούλης Μιχάλης
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Γιάννης Α. Τασόπουλος, Το ηθικοπολιτικό θεμέλιο του συντάγματος
Authors: Χατζής Αριστείδης Ν.
Published: October 2015

No abstract
Influência da aversão à traição sobre o comportamento do consumidor: experimentos com produtos de segurança
Authors: Caldeira Tharcisio A. , Albino Andréia A. , Brantes Jorge Ferreira , Macedo-Soares T. Diana L. Van Aduard de
Published: October 2015

Este artigo investigou a aversão à traição nos consumidores de produtos de segurança, propondo uma extensão ao trabalho desenvolvido por Gershoff e Koehler (2011). A literatura investigada discute o processo de tomada de decisão diante de condições incertas, a aversão ao risco e a aversão à traição. Foram realizados três experimentos com 525 universitários que escolheram entre dois carros idênticos equipados com diferentes air bags. Dentre os participantes, alguns eram aleatoriamente expostos à possibilidade de falha do air bag. O primeiro experimento investigou se os tipos de traição influenciavam as escolhas. O segundo experimento investigou se havia diferenças nas escolhas de acordo com o destinatário do produto. O terceiro experimento investigou se a exposição a campanhas de direção defensiva interferia na escolha. Após a realização de testes ANOVA, os resultados evidenciaram a existência da aversão à traição quando os indivíduos eram expostos à informação da possibilidade de traição de um produto de segurança.
Scalarization method in problems of elastic surface-wave propagation in rotating transversely isotropic half-space
Authors: Miroshnichenko Igor P. , Pogorelov Vadim A. , Sizov Valery P
Published: October 2015

The work objectives are to generalize the scalarization method of dynamic elastic fields in the transversely isotropic media to the tasks for the environments rotating with a constant angular velocity, and to develop the methodological apparatus for describing the effect of rotation on the parameters of surface acoustic waves. On the basis of this method, the scientific-methodical device for the construction of new acoustic-wave gyroscopes is proposed. Parameter determination ratios for surface-acoustic waves (SAW) propagating on the boundary of the rotating half-space of the transversely isotropic material with arbitrarily spaced axis of material symmetry are obtained and validated. An example of the numerical simulation for the isotropic rotating half-space case is given. The proposed methodological apparatus and numerical simulation examples can be used to develop new types of gyroscopes on acoustic-wave systems for navigation, guidance and control of various mobile objects in aviation, robotics, etc
What a new administration could mean for education
Authors: David Anthony
Published: October 2015

With an election looming, Anthony David looks at the policies of the three main political parties and shares his opinions on what the implications of a new administration might be.
Managing fundraising projects effectively
Authors: Craven Sophie
Published: October 2015

Sophie Craven considers the importance of project management in the overall success of your school's fundraising programme and provides some useful advice.
Difficult conversations with parents
Authors: Gill Sonia
Published: October 2015

Sonia Gill outlines two common difficult conversations with parents and three common mistakes that can hinder teachers when trying to resolve sensitive issues
Caregiving and Family Support Interventions: Crossing Networks of Aging and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Heller Tamar , Gibbons Hailee M. , Fisher Dora
Published: October 2015

This scoping review addressed the following questions: (a) What types of caregiver interventions are being done in both aging and developmental disability research? (b) How are these interventions similar and different? (c) What kinds of outcomes do these interventions have? (d) What innovative approaches are these interventions using? and (e) What can each field (developmental disabilities and gerontology) learn from the other based on this review? The disability review spanned 20 years (1992–2012), resulting in 14 studies; the aging review spanned 5 years (2008–2012), resulting in 55 studies. Data from the final selected studies were then extracted and compared on research design, type of intervention (governmental programs, small-group psychosocial, and other), and outcomes. Generally, in both fields, family-support interventions benefited participants' well-being and improved service access and satisfaction. Increased partnership between the fields of aging and developmental disabilities is critical to future scholarship in caregiving for both populations.
Using Context as an Integrative Framework to Align Policy Goals, Supports, and Outcomes in Intellectual Disability
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Luckasson Ruth , Schalock Robert L.
Published: October 2015

This article discusses how context can be used as an integrative framework to align and promote the seamless integration of disability policies, systems of supports, and personal outcomes in the field of intellectual disability. We describe how disability policy goals serve as inputs to an integrative approach to context, and personal outcomes serve as the intended outputs. We then consider contextual factors that research suggests act as independent or intervening variables and that can be targeted through support strategies to enhance personal outcomes. These independent and intervening variables act as throughputs between disability policy goals and personal outcomes. We introduce a logic model to show how disability policy goals, systems of supports, and personal outcomes can be aligned and discuss the implications of using a context-based integrative framework.
Nitrogen ‐ A Crucial Element in a Complex World
Authors: Winiwarter Wilfried
Published: October 2015

Nitrogen is an essential element to living organisms. Thus it is indispensable in agriculture, and it also is the primary ingredient of fertilizers. Nevertheless, an excess of this boost to plant growth leads to several environmental problems.
A candidate reference method using ICP-MS for sweat chloride quantification
Authors: Collie Jake T. , Massie R. John , Jones Oliver A.H. , Morrison Paul D. , Greaves Ronda F.
Published: October 2015

The aim of the study was to develop a method for sweat chloride (Cl) quantification using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to present to the Joint Committee for Traceability in Laboratory Medicine (JCTLM) as a candidate reference method for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF).

Calibration standards were prepared from sodium chloride (NaCl) to cover the expected range of sweat Cl values. Germanium (Ge) and scandium (Sc) were selected as on-line (instrument based) internal standards (IS) and gallium (Ga) as the off-line (sample based) IS. The method was validated through linearity, accuracy and imprecision studies as well as enrolment into the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Program (RCPAQAP) for sweat electrolyte testing.

Two variations of the ICP-MS method were developed, an on-line and off-line IS, and compared. Linearity was determined up to 225 mmol/L with a limit of quantitation of 7.4 mmol/L. The off-line IS demonstrated increased accuracy through the RCPAQAP performance assessment (CV of 1.9%, bias of 1.5 mmol/L) in comparison to the on-line IS (CV of 8.0%, bias of 3.8 mmol/L). Paired t-tests confirmed no significant differences between sample means of the two IS methods (p=0.53) or from each method against the RCPAQAP target values (p=0.08 and p=0.29).

Both on and off-line IS methods generated highly reproducible results and excellent linear comparison to the RCPAQAP target results. ICP-MS is a highly accurate method with a low limit of quantitation for sweat Cl analysis and should be recognised as a candidate reference method for the monitoring and diagnosis of CF. Laboratories that currently practice sweat Cl analysis using ICP-MS should include an off-line IS to help negate any pre-analytical errors.
A lesson from associative learning: asymmetry and productivity in multiple-slot constructions
Authors: Desagulier Guillaume
Published: October 2015

Non-redundant taxonomic models of construction grammar posit that only fully productive patterns qualify as constructions because they license an infinity of expressions. Redundant models claim that, despite subregularities and exceptions, partially productive patterns also count as constructions, providing the overall meanings of such patterns are not the strict sums of their parts. Because productivity is a major bone of contention between redundant and non-redundant construction grammar taxonomies, I examine the productivity of
Carleman approximation by holomorphic automorphisms of ℂ
n
Authors: Kutzschebauch Frank , Wold Erlend Fornæss
Published: October 2015

We approximate smooth maps defined on non-compact totally real manifolds by
holomorphic automorphisms of

ℂ
n

\mathbb{C}^{n}

.
Management of two placenta percreta cases
Authors: Celik Ebru , Kavak Salih Burcin , Yavuzkir Seyda , Pala Sehmus , Kaplan Selcuk , Sapmaz Ekrem
Published: October 2015

Placental invasion anomalies are divided into three according to invasion of uterine wall as placenta accreta, increta and percreta. In placenta percreta, the most severe but the least common form, the placenta invades the full thickness of the uterine wall and also it can attach to adjacent organs in the abdomen like the bladder and rectum. It is a potentially life treating condition. There is no recommended management strategy for placenta percreta. We herein report two cases managed differently and discuss the management options in the light of the literature.
An analysis of the Rüschendorf transform -
with a view towards Sklar’s Theorem
Authors: Oertel Frank
Published: October 2015

We revisit Sklar’s Theorem and give another proof, primarily based on the use of right quantile
functions. To this end we slightly generalise the distributional transform approach of Rüschendorf and facilitate
some new results including a rigorous characterisation of an almost surely existing “left-invertibility”
of distribution functions.
New probabilistic public-key encryption based on the RSA cryptosystem
Authors: Roman'kov Vitalii A.
Published: October 2015

We propose a novel probabilistic public-key encryption, based on the RSA cryptosystem. We prove that in contrast to the (standard model) RSA cryptosystem each user can choose his own encryption exponent from a more extensive set of positive integers than it can be done by the creator of the concrete RSA cryptosystem who chooses and distributes encryption keys among all users. Moreover, we show that the proposed encryption remains secure even in the case when the adversary knows the factors of the modulus
Second language development in a migrant context: Turkish community in the Netherlands
Authors: Yılmaz Gülsen , Schmid Monika S.
Published: October 2015

This study explores the extent to which first language (L1) versus second language (L2) use and attachments to native versus majority language and culture influence the proficiency in the L2 Dutch among the Turkish-Dutch bilinguals. The community under investigation is of particular significance because it represents the largest non-Western ethnic group in the Netherlands and it has often been discussed in the context of the group members’ ethnic and linguistic attachments as opposed to their perceived unwillingness to adopt the cultural norms of the Dutch society. What makes this immigration setting interesting is that the shift from tolerance to startling levels of restrictiveness in policies of cultural and linguistic integration has nowhere been as fast as in the Netherlands. Data are collected from the first generation Turkish immigrants (n = 45) who migrated to the Netherlands after the age of 15 and lived there for 10 years or longer and native Dutch speakers (n = 39) via an elicited speech task, a lexical naming/recognition task and a sociolinguistic background questionnaire. The first set of analyses reveals several links between the individual variables (i.e., L1 use in the family and with friends, L2 use at work, level of education, length of residence and cultural preference) and different aspects of L2 proficiency. However, the effect sizes of these correlations are weak to moderate. The second set of analyses applies a discriminant analysis where proficiency in the L2 has been established as one integrated score. In this analysis, only preferred language emerges as the best predictor of language development.
The linguistic and political orientation of young Belarusian adults between East and West or Russian and Belarusian
Authors: Hentschel Gerd , Brüggemann Mark , Geiger Hanna , Zeller Jan Patrick
Published: October 2015

This article deals with the situation of the Belarusian language in Belarus in competition with the Russian language and Belarusian-Russian mixed speech, both of which are widely used by the young generation in the country. Based on a nationwide survey with 1,000 respondents carried out in 2013, we show how young Belarusians see their first linguistic socialisation and how they evaluate the different linguistic codes in various contexts. The article then describes how and to what extent the respondents’ self-reported competence in Belarusian varies with sociodemographic characteristics and (geo-)political preferences with regard to a “Western” or “Eastern orientation”. Finally, it discusses the question whether young Belarusians favour promoting Belarusian and whether a pro-Belarusian attitude correlates with political preferences. The article provides evidence for the peripheral status of Belarusian in Belarus, but it also shows that there is support for the maintenance and even promotion of Belarusian, which is only slightly affected by global political orientations.
Decomposition study of in vivo phytoplankton absorption spectra aimed at identifying the pigments and the phytoplankton group in complex case 2 coastal waters of the Arabian Sea
Authors: Shaju S. S. , Minu P. , Srikanth A. S. , Ashraf P. Muhamed , Vijayan A. K. , Meenakumari B.
Published: October 2015

Phytoplankton modify the optical properties of the seawater by altering the subsurface light field. Information on the accessory pigments present in the phytoplankton helps to differentiate major phytoplankton classes or taxonomic groups. The variability in the absorption spectra of phytoplankton and particulate matter of case 2 coastal waters of the Southeastern Arabian Sea were studied from June 2010 to November 2011. The phytoplankton specific absorption coefficient, at 440 nm and 675 nm, a*ph (440) and a*ph (675) varied from 0.018 to 0.32 m2 mg-1 and from 0.0005 to 0.16 m2 mg-1, respectively. The 4th derivative spectra computed for each in vivo absorption spectrum showed that the amplitude of maxima obtained is proportional to the concentration of the chromoprotein which absorbed that wavelength. Regression of pigment concentration against the 4th derivative spectral coefficient showed that the measurements of particulate absorption could provide quantitative information on chlorophyll α and other accessory pigment concentrations. Fucoxanthin and diadinoxanthin, the carotenoid pigments found in the diatoms were identified from the derivatives peaks. The study demonstrates the utility of using the 4th derivative analysis as a tool to identify the dominating phytoplankton group and its pigment composition.
Genetic diversity of the non-native crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Brachyura: Panopeidae) in the Polish coastal waters − an example of patchy genetic diversity at a small geographic scale
Authors: Hegele-Drywa Joanna , Thiercelin Nicolas , Schubart Christoph D. , Normant-Saremba Monika
Published: October 2015

The American panopeid crab species Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) is listed as an non-native species in European waters. In Poland, it occurred in the 1950s at two sites at the Baltic Sea coast, the Dead Vistula River (DVR) and the Vistula Lagoon (VL). Almost 50 years later, two additional populations were identified in the Gulf of Gdańsk (GG) and its inner part, Puck Bay (PB). In the present study, we sequenced and analyzed part of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene of the four Polish populations of R. harrisii in order to assess their genetic diversity and connectivity. The analyzed sequences of a length of 989 base pairs revealed eight different haplotypes. The highest number of haplotypes (n=6) was observed in the population from GG, whereas the lowest (n=3) in VL. The most common haplotype was recorded in 37% of the analyzed individuals. Pairwise ΦST values were mostly non-significant, with the exception of the comparison between DVR and VL (ΦST = 0.267; P < 0.05) and between PB and VL (ΦST = 0.194; P < 0.05), indicating a restricted gene flow or different sources of colonization.
The increasing aluminum content affects the growth, cellular chlorophyll a and oxidation stress of cyanobacteria Synechococcus sp. WH7803
Authors: Shi Rongjun , Li Gang , Zhou Linbin , Liu Jiaxing , Tan Yehui
Published: October 2015

Effects of marine aluminum (Al) on phytoplankton are controversial, making it important to elucidate the mechanisms underlying Al effects. This study was aimed at identifying the effects of Al on the growth, chlorophyll a (chl a) content and the antioxidant mechanism of cyanobacteria Synechococcus sp. WH7803. The growth rate increased from 0.33 to 0.52 d-1 in media with the increasing Al concentration from 0.2 (control) to 20 μmol l-1 and almost saturated to 0.44 d-1 at ~ 0.5 μmol Al l-1. The higher growth resulted in the higher biomass in both stationary and decay phases in the conditions of higher Al content. Chl a per cell reached 10.19 μg cell-1 in the exponential phase at 20 μmol Al l-1, approximately 1.6 and 3.1 times higher than those in stationary and decay phases, respectively, and chl a per cell showed a similar pattern as a growth rate when plotted with Al content. Al addition increased the cellular methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) content in the exponential phase and decreased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the decay phase. In particular, our results indicated a positive relationship between chl a per cell and the growth rate, suggesting the stimulation of increasing Al on the growth of Synechococcus is related to the enhancement of cellular chl a content.
Odontella aurita-enriched diet prevents high fat diet-induced liver insulin resistance
Authors: Amine Hamza , Benomar Yacir , Haimeur Adil , Messaouri Hafida , Meskini Nadia , Taouis Mohammed
Published: October 2015

The beneficial effect of polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid (w-3 FA) consumption regarding cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance and inflammation has been widely reported. Fish oil is considered as the main source of commercialized w-3 FAs, and other alternative sources have been reported such as linseed or microalgae. However, despite numerous reports, the underlying mechanisms of action of w-3 FAs on insulin resistance are still not clearly established, especially those from microalgae. Here, we report that Odontella aurita, a microalga rich in w-3 FAs eicosapentaenoic acid, prevents high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and inflammation in the liver of Wistar rats. Indeed, a high fat diet (HFD) increased plasma insulin levels associated with the impairment of insulin receptor signaling and the up-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressions. Importantly, Odontella aurita-enriched HFD (HFOA) reduces body weight and plasma insulin levels and maintains normal insulin receptor expression and responsiveness. Furthermore, HFOA decreased TLR4 expression, JNK/p38 phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory factors. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that diet supplementation with whole Ondontella aurita overcomes HFD-induced insulin resistance through the inhibition of TLR4/JNK/p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways.
German Epistolary Heritage Of Ivan Franko And Its Dominant Features
Authors: Tkachivsky V.
Published: October 2015

The epistolary heritage of Ivan Franko contains over six thousand letters. Germanepistolary correspondence addressed to Vienna, Berlin, Budapest, Heidelberg, Freiburg, Stanislav,Chernivtsi. The author of the article analyzes also the response letters sent to I. Franko. His firstletters in German were addressed to Olha Roshkevych. They were written under the strongimpression that the epistolary novel “The Sorrows of Young Werther” by J.W. von Goethe had hadon I. Franko. The Ukrainian writer’s correspondence with H. Kanner and I. Singer the editors of theweekly newspaper “Zeit” is an evidence of their close cooperation. I. Franko had close professionalties with V. Adler one of the founders and leaders of the Austrian social-democratic party, theeditor of Vienna newspaper “Arbeiterzeitung”, as well as with V. Adler’s wife Emma. I. Franko’scorrespondence with a prominent Slavic scholar V. Yagic didn’t contain only private mattersdiscussions. The third part of it is totally scientific which actually makes it valuable for researchers.I. Franko’s epistolary works reflect his artistic writer’s style neither in form nor in content. Hisletters are characterized by the depth of his thought, consistency of his statements, clearness of thesentence constructions, tendency to critical assessments of phenomena and scientific findings.
National State Variation of German Phraseology. Antropocentric, Cognitive and Corpus-based Approache
Authors: Ostapovych Oleg
Published: October 2015

The article deals with the elaboration of the modern theoretical concept in study of thevariation of German phraseology abroad Germany. It is based on the synthesis of the theory ofequal-righted pluricentrism and the hypothesis of double linguistic additivity with the newachievements of the cognitive linguistics. As a result the notions of the «non-predominant nationalstate linguistic variant» different from the regional, normatively non-codified and dialectalvariation, cluster variant idiomatic thesaurus, national communicative area in the sphere ofphraseology have been introduced. The empirical reality of the categories of «nationalphraseological system/microsystem», «pluricentric archisystem», «correlation hierarchy»,«phraseological world picture», «phraseological concept» have also been falsified
Use of a Metronome in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Simulation Study
Authors: Zimmerman Elise , Cohen Naiomi , Maniaci Vincenzo , Pena Barbara , Lozano Juan Manuel , Linares Marc
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE:

Determine whether the use of a metronome improves chest compression rate and depth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a pediatric manikin.

METHODS:

A prospective, simulation-based, crossover, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants included pediatric residents, fellows, nurses, and medical students who were randomly assigned to perform chest compressions on a pediatric manikin with and without an audible metronome. Each participant performed 2 rounds of 2 minutes of chest compressions separated by a 15-minute break.

RESULTS:

A total of 155 participants performed 2 rounds of chest compressions (74 with the metronome on during the first round and 81 with the metronome on during the second round of CPR). There was a significant improvement in the mean percentage of compressions delivered within an adequate rate (90–100 compressions per minute) with the metronome on compared with off (72% vs 50%; mean difference [MD] 22%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15% to 29%). No significant difference was noted in the mean percentage of compressions within acceptable depth (38–51 mm) (72% vs 70%; MD 2%; 95% CI, −2% to 6%). The metronome had a larger effect among medical students (73% vs 55%; MD 18%; 95% CI, 8% to 28%) and pediatric residents and fellows (84% vs 48%; MD 37%; 95% CI, 27% to 46%) but not among pediatric nurses (46% vs 48%; MD −3%; 95% CI, −19% to 14%).

CONCLUSIONS:

The rate of chest compressions during CPR can be optimized by the use of a metronome. These findings will help medical professionals comply with the American Heart Association guidelines.
La frecuencia del tuteo en tres zonas del departamento de antioquia (colombia): influencia de la zona urbana/rural
Authors: Jang Ji Son
Published: October 2015

En este artículo se presentan algunos resultados acerca del uso de tú en el marco de una investigación sobre la selección pronominal llevada a cabo en tres municipios del departamento colombiano de Antioquia: 1) la ciudad de Medellín, capital del departamento; 2) Carmen de Viboral, ubicada a una hora de la capital en automóvil y 3) Andes, que se sitúa a unas tres horas de la capital en coche. Los informantes comprenden edades entre 13 y 34 años. La variable social para este artículo es el lugar de residencia de los informantes: zona urbana (Medellín), medio rural (Carmen de Viboral) o rural (Andes). Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se aplicó a 1490 informantes un cuestionario que mostraba distintos tipos de interacción que se dan en dichas zonas. Tres técnicas estadísticas se aplicaron a estos datos: tamaño de muestra óptimo para distribuciones multinomiales; análisis de varianza con un solo factor (ANOVA); y prueba de hipótesis para proporciones. Se encontró que, en la gran mayoría de relaciones interpersonales solidarias, el tuteo se usa más en Medellín que en Carmen de Viboral y en este último municipio más que en Andes.
Apuntes semióticos para el estudio de la cocina migrante
Authors: Usme Zuly
Published: October 2015

Este artículo se presenta como un estudio preliminar para el análisis semiótico de la cocina a través de la identidad cultural. La textualidad gastronómica es un marcador identitario que enfoca su mirada etnográfica en ‘el comer’ de los inmigrantes y caracteriza el palimpsesto nucleado por la improvisación como lógica generadora de un nuevo texto culinario donde oscilan indiscriminadamente similitudes formales o degustativas.
Periodic Boundary Conditions for Dislocation Dynamics Simulations in Three Dimensions
Authors: Bulatov Vasily V. , Rhee Moon , Cai Wei
Published: October 2015

This article presents an implementation of periodic boundary conditions (PBC) for Dislocation Dynamics (DD) simulations in three dimensions (3D). We discuss fundamental aspects of PBC development, including preservation of translational invariance and line connectivity, the choice of initial configurations compatible with PBC and a consistent treatment of image stress. On the practical side, our approach reduces to manageable proportions the computational burden of updating the long-range elastic interactions among dislocation segments. The timing data confirms feasibility and practicality of PBC for large-scale DD simulations in 3D.
Integrated Complementary-Like Circuits Based on Organic Ambipolar Transistors
Authors: Anthopoulos Thomas D. , Leeuw Dago M. de , Setayesh Sepas , Cantatore Eugenio , Tanase Cristina , Blom Paul W. M. , Hummelen Jan C.
Published: October 2015

We report on an approach towards integrated complementary-like circuits based on organic ambipolar transistors. In particular, we show that ambipolar transport can be achieved within a single transistor channel using gold electrodes and a solution processable polymer-small molecule blend as the electroactive material. To demonstrate the suitability of these devices for practical utilisation in logic circuits we realise complementary-like voltage inverters comprised entirely of ambipolar transistors. Moreover, by integrating several such inverters we are able to demonstrate more complex circuits such as ring oscillators.
Chemical Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of Some Indonesian Sea Cucumbers
Authors: Fawzya Yusro Nuri , Januar Hedi Indra , Susilowati Rini , Chasanah Ekowati
Published: October 2015

Indonesia has a great sea cucumber resource which is useful as functional food. Even though much information about the biopotency of sea cucumbers have been published, however, studies on nutrition value of Indonesian sea cucumbers are still beneficial due to the great diversity and uniqueness of each species. The present work was  intended to obtain information about chemical composition and fatty acid profile of 4 (four) types of sea cucumbers which are frequently found in Halmahera water, North Maluku (Molucca),  one  of  sea  cucumbers  producing area  in Indonesia. The samples coded as  H-03, H-04, H-05 and H-10, were identified as Bohadschia  argus, Holothuria  fuscogilva, Thelenota  ananas, and Actinophyga lecanora. All sea cucumbers showed high protein content, more than 60% (drybase/db), except for T. ananas which had the lowest protein content (48.26% db). As for fats, T. ananas showed the highest amount (2.35%db) with dominated saturated fatty acids (SFA). On the other side, A. lecanora showed higher value of PUFA compared to SFA and MUFA.  Palmitic acid (C16:0) was the most abundant SFA in the most samples with the amount of 0.49–4.9 mg/g sample. Among PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid/EPA (C20:5n3) was detected, and eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n6) was relatively higher than the others. The ratio of w6/w3 fatty acid was 1.2–3.2 showing that total w6 fatty acid was higher than total w3 fatty acid. However, this value is safe enough to protect against chronic and degenerative diseases.
Education Expression of Multiperspective Approach on History Curriculum of Basic and Secondary Education
Authors: Bitautas Algis
Published: October 2015

In the article education expression of multiperspective approach on history curriculum of basic and secondary education is thoroughly analyzed (1990–2011 y.). According to the work of contemporary foreign specialists of history didactics, the author presents the history conception of multi – perspective view in teaching and learning. The author carried out the analysis of curriculum seeking to distinguish the essential content change of curriculum structure and the teaching and learning of history in the period of twenty years of independence.
Analogies in Science Education
Authors: Jonāne Lolita
Published: October 2015

Scientific literacy as a goal of education for sustainable development focuses attention to development of learning, inquiry, and “transfer” skills to enable young people to be able to use the aquired knowledge an skills in everyday and professional activities. This means that student must apply knowledge and skills from some to the new situation, from one area to another, not directly, but generalised, seeing similarity or analogy between them. Analogical reasoning is a central cognitive ability that is used in our everyday lives, in research, teaching and learning. The study analized usage of analogies in physics textbooks for Basic and High School in Latvia. Seven physics textbooks are examined by using the descriptive analysis method. The usage of analogies were analysed to discuss on their effectiveness for a deeper acquisition of science concepts and phenomena, for developing students’ reasoning, meaning making, and transfer skills during teaching physics.
"Sonder siel en anoniem": Elisabeth Eybers se "Huiskat" in die konteks van dierestudies
Authors: Crous M
Published: October 2015

In hierdie artikel word die bekende gedig van Elisabeth Eybers, "Huiskat" uit haar bundel Die helder halfjaar (1956) geanaliseer in die konteks van dierestudies. Aandag word geskenk aan aspekte soos die verhouding tussen die mensdier (of menslike dier) as spreker teenoor die niemensdier (of niemenslike dier) as ander; en veral die projeksie van antropomorfiese eienskappe op die niemensdier word uitgelig. In aansluiting by Woodward (2003) en Derrida (2008) word die interaksie tussen mensdier en niemensdier beskou om, onder meer, vas te stel of daar sprake is van 'n intersomatiese verwantskap tussen die twee (Woodward 2014). Bestaande voorbeelde van dierestudies word betrek, en die aard, konteks en definisie van 'n geesteswetenskaplike ondersoek soos dierestudies word ook toegelig.
Editorial
Authors: Turpo Ch. Josué Edison
Published: October 2015

El trabajo editorial de una revista indizada es arduo y agotador, pero no
por ello gratiiante. En esta oportunidad nos acercamos a nuestros lectores
para hacerles llegar un nuevo número de Apuntes Universitarios, revista que
tine el objetio de divulgar la investiación en el área de educación superior
y ciencias sociales.
Gender Equality in Death? The Normative Dimension of Roman Catholic Ossuaries
Authors: Höpflinger Anna-Katharina
Published: October 2015

Gender seems to be so important for social orientation that it does not end with death, but forms practices and ideas around death. In Roman Catholic regions across Europe we find charnel houses and ossuaries, where the bones of the deceased have been collected. The exposed mortal remains reminded the living of death and warned them to live a ‘good’ life. To explain the interrelation between such normative demands and the material representation of death, a gender-based perspective is useful: in their material representations, ossuaries offer gendered ideas of death. For example we find murals of masculine and feminine personifications of death as the Reaper. But ossuaries also posit the ungendered equality of all humans in death: girls, boys, women and men are nothing more than bones, arranged side by side. I argue that ossuaries can be understood as in-between spaces for gender concepts: they support a gendered social order, but they also blur gender differences.
The Figure of Radha in Miniature Paintings: From the Pastoral to the Courtly, from Text to Visuality, from Polyphony to Normativity
Authors: Cattoni Nadia
Published: October 2015

This article analyses how Radha was depicted in miniature paintings between the 16th and 19th century in North India. Interrogating the link between text and image, contrasting poetry, style and historical settings with the visual representations of this central figure, the reflections focus on the changing nature of Radha. Through various examples from miniature paintings of different periods and schools, this article analyses the way the rich personality of Radha was transposed into images. In order to stress the changes brought to this female figure, she will be compared to Krishna, the masculine figure who is always at her side. The main goal of the article is to show the normative power of images on the figure of Radha, with normativity being understood as the simplification, iconisation, aestheticisation and stereotypification of a figure with polysemous references.
Conference Proceedings of the Third International Vivano Conference held from 19th – 21st March 2014 in Nuremberg, Germany
Authors: Conference Vivano
Published: October 2015

During a two-day conference international speakers presented their experiences with negative pressure wound therapy in chronic wounds but also in cases of third- and fourth-degree burns, in complex surgical interventions of the abdominal region, in open fractures as well as in thoracic and cardiac surgery. The this year’s conference focused on questions whether negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) resulted in wound healing more often and more quickly than standard wound therapy, for which indications can NPWT be used and how should the cost-benefit ratio be evaluated.
Correlation between Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Central Obese Non-Diabetic Men with Evidence of Coronary Artery Calcification
Authors: Lukito Antonia Anna , Widyasanto Allen , Yulianti Trilis , Muljadi Rusli , Wijaya Andi , Kabo Peter , Bakri Syakib
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed separately the relationship between obesity, insulin-resistance, hypertension and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) with coronary artery calcification, a parameter of subclinical atherosclerosis. It was also reported that BMPs may function as proinflammatory, prohypertensive and proatherogenic mediators. The study aimed to assess the correlation between systemic hypertension and BMP-2 plasma concentration in central-obese non-diabetic men with evidence of coronary artery calcification.METHODS: This was a cross sectional study on 60 central-obese non-diabetic men, of an average age of 55.2 years, with evidence of coronary calcification, who came for health check-up and met the inclusion criteria consecutively as defined by waist circumference >90 cm and fasting blood glucose <126 mg/dL. Coronary calcification was defined by coronary artery calcium (CAC) score ≥10 Agatson-unit Dual Source 64 slice CT scan.RESULTS: There is positive correlation between hypertension and BMP-2 in central-obese non-diabetic men with evidence of coronary artery calcification. BMP-2 plasma concentration was higher in the hypertensive subjects. The correlation was stronger in younger (<55 years old) subjects and subjects with insulin-resitance.KEYWORDS: hypertension, BMP-2, coronary calcification, central obesity, age, insulin resistance
Novel Sources of Fetal Stem Cells for Future Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Lina Yani , Wijaya Andi
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stromal cells are multipotent cells considered to be of great promise for use in regenerative medicine. However, the cell dose may be a critical factor in many clinical conditions and the yield resulting from the ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from bone marrow may be insufficient. Thus, alternative sources of mesenchymal stromal cells need to be explored.CONTENT: There are multiple extra-embryonic tissues emerging during gestation including umbilical cord blood (UCB), amniotic fluid (AF), Wharton’s jelly, the amniotic membrane and the placenta, which are all discarded following birth. Fetal stem cells from these sources actually represent a new class of stem cells developmentally and operationally located between the state of embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells, sharing and exhibiting features of pluripotency and multipotency, without necessarily implying that they can generate every type of tissue.SUMMARY: Fetal stem cells have been recently isolated from several tissues (amniotic fluid, umbilical cord, Wharton’s jelly, amnion and placenta). They are derived either from the fetus proper or from the supportive extra-embryonic structures. They represent ideal sources for regenerative medicine since they are easily accessible, exhibit high proliferation rates, do not form teratomas and present no ethical reservations like embryonic stem cells (ESC). Their functional features indicate that they actually represent intermediates between ESC and adult stem cells.KEYWORDS: mesenchymal stem cells, fetal stem cells, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord, placenta, wharton’s jelly
Inflammation and Atherosclerosis: Current Pathogenesis
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: The inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis is well established but the agent(s) that incite inflammation in the artery wall remain largely unknown.CONTENT: Chronic inflammation is recognized as a major driving force in atherogenesis. The sites of atherosclerotic plaque development in the arterial wall are characterized by cholesterol accumulation and infiltration of peripheral blood monocytes, which gradually differentiate into macrophages. Cholesterol crystals, the common constituents of atherosclerotic lesions, include NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion in human macrophages, promote an inflammatory milieu and thus drive lesion progression. Consequently, the cholesterol crystal-induced inflammasome activation may represent an important link between cholesterol metabolism and inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions. SUMMARY: The crystalline cholesterol acts as an endogenous danger signal and its deposition in arteries or elsewhere is an early cause rather than a late consequence of inflammation. The cholesterol crystal-induced inflammasome activation in macrophages may represent an important link between cholesterol metabolism and inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions. This finding provides new insights into the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and indicates new potential molecular targets for the therapy of this disease.KEYWORDS: atherosclerosis, inflammation, neutrophil, macrophages, inflammasome, cholesterol crystal