bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altered States of Consciousness and Charismatic Authority
Authors: Hammer Olav , Swartz Karen
Published: November 2020

Charisma is an unstable basis upon which to build authority. Charismatic leaders need their followers to perceive them as being endowed with extraordinary, even supernatural, gifts. Detractors can in turn question whether the leader actually possesses these unique qualities. Using Judith von Halle and her conflicts with the Anthroposophical Society as a case study, we address the question of how charismatic authority can be constructed and deconstructed in polemical texts. At various points throughout her career, Von Halle has made extraordinary claims. She presents herself as being clairvoyant and as having received stigmata. Anthroposophists who believe these claims cite them as their reasons for regarding her doctrinal statements as being trustworthy. Skeptical Anthroposophists, on the other hand, question her experiences and motives. Using a theoretical framework inspired by Foucault and Bourdieu, we discuss how both camps discuss von Halle’s charismatic status in terms that are opaque to outsiders unfamiliar with Anthroposophical discourse.
When Prophecy Adapts
Authors: Mikkelsen Venke Sande
Published: November 2020

Jehovah’s Witnesses is often presented as a special religious group, one who has preached the imminence of the end of the world for an exceptional long amount of time. The implicit assumption in this statement, is also this article’s hypothesis: an imminent eschatological expectation will, over time, create an explanatory problem, where religions, for the sake of their own survival, must revise and adapt their eschatological expectations. This article examines this hypothesis by analysing the eschatological expectations presented in Jehovah’s Witnesses magazine The Watchtower, from 1985 through 2015. With the use of Roy Rappaports theory, supplemented with some new terms to make the theory fit the case of Jehovah’s Witnesses, it analyses the developments and adaptations in Jehovah’s Witnesses eschatological doctrines, and shows numerous signs of a religious organization that may be headed towards great changes in the immanent character of its eschatological beliefs.
Investigations into Asatru
Authors: Rood Joshua
Published: November 2020

“Asatru”, the modern worship of the Heathen deities of Scandinavia and Northern Europe, is a relatively young, internationally developing religious phenomenon. Since the 1990’s researchers have gradually built a body of academic literature seeking to chronicle and contextualize Asatru’s multifaceted histories, beliefs, practices and social developments within the larger arena of Western societies. This critical historiography provides an over-view of the most influential extant research of Asatru and frames the developing academic discourse. The article shows that Asatru is a dynamic, heterogenous web of intersected movements which are both rapidly developing, and prone to the influences of overarching societal discourses, and that this is especially true of popular and academic discourses aimed at Asatru itself. This historiography serves as a landmark demonstrating where we have come so far as researchers with our study of and relationship with Asatru, and what steps we might consider taking in the future.
Rola kontaktów językowych w kształtowaniu się i funkcjonowaniu terminów ekonomicznych we współczesnym języku rosyjskim
Authors: Lesicka Olga
Published: November 2020

The article is an attempt to answer the question regarding the contemporary language contacts and their role in the modern Russian language, in particular Russian economic terminology, from the point of view of their appearance, formation, and functioning. The contribution presents a short review of modern tendencies in research on languages in terms of language contacts as well as the character and tendencies of the development of these contacts in the context of research on economic terms in contemporary Russian language.
Problematyka polskich emigrantów sezonowych na Łotwie na łamach tygodnika „Nasze Życie” w latach 1936–1939
Authors: Grzybowski Jerzy
Published: November 2020

In the 1930s, Latvia was one of the main target countries for economic emigration from Poland. Emigration to Latvia was seasonal. Between 1936 and 1939, each year about 40,000 Polish agricultural workers were employed in Latvian agriculture. Polish seasonal migration was the object of attention of the contemporary press, both Polish and foreign. A very valuable source of knowledge about Polish seasonal migration is the newspaper Nasze Życie (Our Life). This applies especially to various aspects of Polish migrants’ everyday life. It was the only Polish newspaper in Latvia (it was published in Riga). From 1936, the newspaper had a special section devoted to seasonal workers. It contained information and messages addressed to the migrants. The editorial team’s task was to provide the workers with comprehensive and reliable help. In this regard, advice and guidance was given on the organisation of workers’ lives and work. These advices were difficult to overestimate. The newspaper also covered religious and moral topics. At the same time, the newspaper was the main link between the workers and the Polish consular service. It published messages of the Polish Consulate in Riga. Unfortunately, the weekly reached few seasonal migrants. Most workers did not read or subscribe to the newspaper for various reasons. The article analyses the content of the newspaper Nasze Życie. The author confronted the content of the newspaper with other available sources regarding the issues of Polish seasonal migration in Latvia.
Standards for Agricultural Machinery Requirements: Analysis and Application Practice
Authors:   Ural State Agrarian University, Iovlev G.A.
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of an analysis of the standards for agricultural machinery requirements for various periods of their operation in the country’s agro-industrial complex. The studies were conducted using economic and statistical methods and techniques. In the reference materials, basically, agrotechnical terms (time periods) for the performance of basic agricultural work are presented, which correspond to the reference standards for agricultural machinery requirements. It has been established that the availability of agricultural machinery per 1000 hectares of arable land (crops) currently makes up no more than 30% of the normative, and this, first of all, affects the increase in the duration of work, that is, on the agro-technical terms, as well as on the shift of calendar terms of production. Recommendations are given on carrying out agricultural work in an acceptable agrotechnical timeframe with the following provision of agricultural production per 1000 ha: tractors – 5.42 standard units, combine harvesters – 2.67 standard units, forage harvesters – 2.22 standard units.
Universidades y comunicación. Papel de Twitter durante el inicio de la crisis sanitaria de la Covid-19
Authors: Ferrer-Serrano Marta , Latorre-Martínez María-Pilar , Lozano-Blasco Raquel
Published: November 2020

The crisis resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic has affected (among other organizations) universities, because their usual activities have been modified. Social networks, in particular Twitter, have experienced an increase in use. The aim of this research is to analyze the behavior of Spanish universities on Twitter during the period between 1 January and 30 April 2020. The corporate accounts of all Spanish universities were monitored, the most relevant key performance indicators (KPIs: commitment, followers, tweets, favorites, and retweets) were analyzed, and finally, a sentiment analysis of the tweets with the greatest impact was carried out. In addition, this study proposes the ECCD model (educational, cooperative, corporate and informative), which is capable of categorizing the type of information issued by universities in crisis situations. This article shows the relevance of Twitter as a communication channel in critical situations, as well as the increased commitment of the digital community to university accounts. It also demonstrates how the positive polarity of messages issued by privately owned universities increases in crisis situations. Finally, this article highlights different behavior between the pre-Covid-19 compared with the pandemic stage.

Resumen
La crisis derivada de la pandemia de la Covid-19 ha afectado, entre otros colectivos, a las universidades ya que han visto modificadas sus actividades habituales. Al mismo tiempo las redes sociales y en particular Twitter, han experimentado un aumento de su uso. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación consiste en analizar el comportamiento de las universidades españolas en Twitter entre el 1 de enero y 30 de abril de 2020. Se han monitorizado las cuentas corporativas de todas las universidades españolas, se han analizado los key performance indicators (KPIs) más relevantes (compromiso, seguidores, tweets, favoritos y retweets), y se ha analizado el sentimiento de los tweets con mayor impacto. Se propone el modelo “educativos, cooperativos, corporativos y divulgativos” (ECCD) capaz de categorizar el tipo de información emitido por las universidades en situaciones de crisis. Se constata la relevancia de Twitter como canal comunicativo en situaciones críticas, así como el aumento del compromiso de la comunidad digital con las cuentas universitarias. Se ha demostrado cómo la polaridad positiva de los mensajes emitidos por universidades de titularidad privada aumenta en situaciones de crisis. Por último, se han observado diferentes patrones comportamentales en la etapa anterior al Covid-19 y en la etapa de pandemia.
WIE HEIßT ES IM TEXT?: Учебное пособие, [электронное издание сетевого распространения] / О.Е. Ефимцева, Т.Ф. Кривцова. – М.: «КДУ», «Добросвет», 2020. – 124 с.
Authors: О.Е. Ефимцева , Т.Ф. Кривцова
Published: November 2020

Данное пособие предназначено для студентов гуманитарных факультетов МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова и для студентов других вузов, изучающих немецкий язык. Основной целью пособия является выработка навыков аналитического, ознакомительного и просмотрового чтения. Упражнения помогают ориентироваться в тексте, понять содержание, облегчают поиск нужной информации, способствуют расширению словарного запаса. Отобранные тексты и составленные к ним задания ориентированы на разные уровни подготовки студентов по немецкому языку. Преподавателю предоставляется возможность варьировать тексты и задания в зависимости от языковой / речевой компетенции группы. Ряд упражнений каждого раздела пособия способствует также развитию навыков говорения. Представленный материал и проблемные вопросы, имеющиеся в нем, делают возможным ведение дискуссии на предложенные темы. Тексты пособия взяты из современной немецкой и австрийской периодической печати, из рекламы или написаны носителями языка. Их тематика актуальна и представляет страноведческий интерес. Пособие дополнено приложением, в котором представлены тексты и источники из интернета, содержащие дополнительную информацию по отдельным темам, что позволяет организовать работу студентов над проектами по этим темам. Участие в таких проектах пробуждает интерес к языку, повышает мотивацию и помогает развивать навыки межкультурной коммуникации.
Morphological variability and species borders in the genus Rhizopulvinaria (Homoptera: Coccinea)
Authors: Gavrilov I.A.
Published: November 2020

The species considered in the genus Rhizopulvinaria were revised on the base of morphological and ecological data. Significant intraspecific morphological variability was shown for Rh. artemisiae s. l. The mode of life and reproductive biology of this species is briefly discussed. The majority of nominal species of Rhizopulvinaria described by different authors are considered to be morphological varieties of a single species Rh. artemisiae Signoret, 1873. Thus, the following species are placed in the synonymy of Rh. artemisiae: Rh. retamae (Hall, 1923), Rh. halli Borchsenius, 1957, Rh. turkestanica (Arkhangelskaya, 1931), Rh. grassei (Balachowsky, 1936), Rh. dianthi (Bodenheimer, 1943), Rh. nevesi (Gómez-Menor Ortega, 1946), Rh. armeniaca Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. grandicula Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. hissarica Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. megriensis Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. minima Borchsenius, Rh. pyrethri Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. spinifera Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. transcaspica Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. turkmenica Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. variabilis Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. virgulata Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. viridis Borchsenius, 1952, Rh. polispina Matesova, 1960, Rh. quadrispina Matesova, 1960, Rh. solitudina Matesova, 1960, Rh. zaisanica Matesova, 1960, Rh. arenaria Canard, 1967, Rh. gracilis Canard, 1967, Rh. maritima Canard, 1967, Rh. saxatilis Canard, 1967, Rh. rhizophila Bazarov, 1963, Rh. saxosa Shmelev, 1971, Rh. zygophylli Bazarov & Shmelev, 1975, Rh. ucrainica Tereznikova, 1981.
A brief review of species of the genus Parablastothrix with description of a new species from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)
Authors: Trjapitzin V.A.
Published: November 2020

A diagnosis of the genus Parablastothrix Mercet, 1917 and a list of its species with some data on their geographical distribution and hosts, leaf-mining Lepidoptera, are provided. A new species P. ninelpetrovae from Mexico is described and compared with P. nearctica Miller, 1965 from USA.
Hamlet’s Displacement as a Recurrent Case in Cather’s A Lost Lady and Al Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land
Authors: Zuhair Tareq
Published: November 2020

Freudian neurosis, despite being a psychological disorder rather than a literary topic, has been used in literature to conceptualise characters’ suffering. Freud contends that the suppression of desires due to hidden and unhidden causes leads to neurosis. Being unable to succeed in life, individuals feel neurotic and tend to displace their frustrations onto other persons or objects. Starting with the Renaissance, this article explores how displacement in Shakespeare’s Hamlet is tacitly approached and how this reaction has become a recurrent case in Willa Cather’s A Lost Lady (1923) and Laila Al Halaby’s Once in a Promised Land (2007). The article analyses the incentives of neurosis in each work, how these reasons lead to the onset of displacement and how literary works share relatively similar implications about displacement despite being about different issues.
MİLLİ EĞİTİMİN ORTAYA ÇIKIŞI
Authors: UYSAL Ahmet
Published: November 2020

Her sistem gibi eğitim sistemi de ait olduğu siyasi ve toplumsal yapıya göre biçimlenerek, dayandığı sosyal zeminde örgün ve yaygın eğitim faaliyetlerini sürmeyi amaçlar. Bundan dolayı cemaat ve seçkinleri merkeze alan toplumların eğitimleri geleneksel, ümmeti merkeze alan toplumların eğitimi teolojik, vatandaşlığı merkeze alan toplumların eğitimi kozmopolit, sınıfı merkeze alan toplumların eğitimi sınıfçı, ulusu merkeze alan toplumların eğitiminde de milli hedefler baskın olur. Modernleşme ile birlikte gelişen milli eğitim, 19. yüzyılda Avrupa’da ortaya çıkan, bir dizi ekonomik, siyasi ve toplumsal değişimlerle gelişimi yüzyıllar süren, toplumsal örgütlenme biçimi olan “ulus toplum” yapısına dayanan bir eğitim yaklaşımıdır. Milli eğitim, uzun bir tarihi süreç sonunda ortaya çıkmış ve oluşumunda Avrupa’da yaşanan; Coğrafi keşifler, Rönesans, Dinde Reform Hareketleri, Aydınlanma Düşüncesi, Fransız İhtilali ve Sanayi Devrimi gibi toplumsal değişmeler etkili olmuştur. Bu araştırmada; Avrupa’da milli eğitimi ortaya çıkaran siyasi ve toplumsal gelişmeler “milletleşme” ve “milli eğitim” düşüncesi çerçevesinde incelenerek bu gelişmelerin eğitimin millileşmesine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada tarama yöntemi kullanılmış, bu doğrultuda yerli ve yabancı literatür taranarak elde edilen bulgular kronolojik sırayla karşılaştırılmıştır.
Long intergenic noncoding RNA LINC00173 as a potential serum biomarker for diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Qian , Kong Shan , Zheng Ming , Hong Yuelan , Sun Jing , Ming Xiaotian , Gu Yingqiu , Shen Xianjuan , Ju Shaoqing
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: Long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) belongs to a special type of RNA that is unable to encode proteins but has been proved to play a role in gene regulation and differentially expressed in various malignant tumors. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to identify whether lincRNA LINC00173 was differentially expressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and whether it could serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker. METHODS: The quantification real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of LINC00173 in serum and cultured cells. For large sample analysis, the lncRNA expression matrix in TCGA database were generated via R software. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum LINC00173, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used. RESULTS: The qRT-PCR analysis showed that the serum LINC00173 expression level in 108 NSCLC patients was higher than that in 91 healthy donors and 55 patients with benign pulmonary disease (BPD). And the area under the curve (AUC) of serum LINC00173 was 0.809 for the diagnosis of NSCLC (95% CI: 0.750–0.868, p< 0.001), 0.670 for BPD (95% CI: 0.584–0.756, P< 0.001), and 0.730 for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC, 95% CI: 0.636–0.825, P< 0.001). Besides, we established a diagnostic model of combined detection of LINC00173, CEA and Cyfra21-1, and found that combined detection of these indicators significantly improved the diagnostic efficiency. Analysis of the Clinicopathological parameters showed that high LINC00173 expression was correlated with histological typing of tumor, tumor metastasis and serum Cyfra21-1 levels. In addition, serum LINC00173 expression decreased in patients who received chemotherapy and rebound in recurrent NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION: Serum LINC00173 may prove to be a potential non-invasive auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC patients.
Association between running quality and loads seen with accelerometry data obtained from female soccer players
Authors: Jones Paul , Ivey Patrick , Skutnik Ben , Cocco Adam R. , Colborn Chris E. , Daily Jennifer P. , Caruso John F.
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND:

Global positioning system (GPS) data, when obtained from athletes offers unique information on their performance. Given the information GPS data provides, it is important to identify data most pertinent to an athlete’s performance.

OBJECTIVE:

We evaluated a GPS-based running quality variable to predict the variance in total player load (TPL) and player load per minute (PLPM) from female soccer player ([Formula: see text] 26) data.

METHODS:

Running quality was the ratio of the displacement per minute to total distance covered. TPL was quantified as the sum of velocity change rates in all three planes of motion, while PLPM was a ratio of load generated per minute of activity.

RESULTS:

With a logarithmic transformation of TPL data, a Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis revealed running quality accounted for significant ([Formula: see text]0.65) amounts of our criterion’s variance, which implied higher running quality led to lower log (TPL) values. With PLPM as our dependent variable, running quality correlated with significant ([Formula: see text] 0.63) amounts of our criterion’s variance.

CONCLUSIONS:

Movement efficiency appears to be an important contributor to our correlations. We suggest running quality be examined as a correlate to performance in other sports in which running is crucial to success.
Cooperativas de cultivo en común
Authors: Brugarola S.J. Martín
Published: November 2020

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I - Crónica Social de España
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: November 2020

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Dimensions of plane and solid angles and their units in the International System of Units (SI)
Authors: Kalinin M. I. , Isaev L. K. , Bulygin F. V.
Published: November 2020

The situation that has developed in the International System of Units (SI) as a result of adopting the recommendation of the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM) in 1980, which proposed to consider plane and solid angles as dimensionless derived quantities, is analyzed. It is shown that the basis for such a solution was a misunderstanding of the mathematical formula relating the arc length of a circle with its radius and corresponding central angle, as well as of the expansions of trigonometric functions in series. From the analysis presented in the article, it follows that a plane angle does not depend on any of the SI quantities and should be assigned to the base quantities, and its unit, the radian, should be added to the base SI units. A solid angle, in this case, turns out to be a derived quantity of a plane angle. Its unit, the steradian, is a coherent derived unit equal to the square radian.
State 1st class working standard for units of wavelength in the range from 1.25 to 20.00 μm and wavenumber in the range from 500 to 8000 cm–1
Authors: Dunaev Aleksandr Yu. , Bormashov Vitaly S. , Morozova Svetlana P. , Gavrilov Valery R.
Published: November 2020

The 1st class Working Standard for units of wavelength in the range from 1.25 to 20.0 μm and wavenumber in the range from 500 to 8000 cm–1 developed in VNIIOFI based on Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer is presented. Dissemination of wavelength and wavenumber units to the 1st class Working Standard is carrying out from FTIR-spectrometer measurements of two peaks of lasers from the State primary special standard of units of signal propagation length and duration in the optical fiber of the average power, attenuation and wavelength for optical fiber communication systems and information transmission GET 170-2011. Spectral scale realization by the Working Standard is carrying by interferogram of internal He–Ne-laser during spectral intensity measurements of internal source. Dissemination for units of wavelength in the range from 1.25 to 20.00 μm and wavenumber in the range from 500 to 8000 cm–1 is provided by corresponding correction factor to measurement results. The developed accuracy chart that set traceability for wavelength and wavenumber measurement instruments to GET 170-2011 is presented.
Jitter measurement technique for image converter streak cameras
Authors: Kanzyuba M. V. , Lebedev V. B.
Published: November 2020

The phenomenon of jitter is considered for image converter streak cameras used in fast process research. Jitter measurement technique is proposed for image converter streak cameras working in linear sweep mode of the pulsed optical signal in study. The experimental setup implementing this measurement technique is described. This setup is used in VNIIOFI for jitter checking of manufactured image converter streak cameras for compliance with specification or customer requirements.
Measurement of the component-by-component flow rate of a gas-liquid medium by thermal method
Authors: Belyaev M. M. , Popov A. I.
Published: November 2020

A thermal method for measuring the component-by-component flow rate of a gas-liquid medium flowing through a channel with evenly distributed thermal energy is considered. Taking some heat energy evenly distributed over the cross-section of the channel, the components, due to their different heat capacity, acquire each its own pulse heat charge. Then, moving along the flow, the components give this information about the charge value to the heat flow sensors, which is used to form the fractions of each component in a numerical block. Each component is able to take a heat charge in proportion to its heat capacity. By the amount of heat absorbed, you can determine the type of component and its quantity. This thermal method does not require the use of complex equipment. To measure the heat capacity with minimal heat flow transmission measurements, the latest gradient-type sensors with a small value of the time constant and high sensitivity are used.
A study of high transient voltage unit realization uncertainty
Authors: Sukhov A. V. , Sakharov K. Yu. , Zolotarevsky Yu. M. , Mikheev O. V. , Turkin V. A.
Published: November 2020

The problem of metrological support of high-voltage pulse generators with subnanosecond rise time, as well as pulse voltage dividers used in power engineering, aviation and rocket-space industries, has been solved. As a result of the modernization of the State primary special standard of transient electric and magnetic field strengths units with a pulse rise time in the range of 0.1–10.0 ns GET 148-2013, a mode of realization a unit of high transient electric voltage with a minimum pulse rise time of 100 ps was implemented. Uncertainties of high transient electric voltage unit realization obtained by numerical simulations using the Monte Carlo method, as well as in accordance with the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty of Measurement (GUM), are estimated. Also, the error of a unit realization was estimated in accordance with GOST 8.381-2009 “GSI. Standards. Methods to Express Accuracy”.
Modeling of a sensitive element on a planar mushroom-shaped metamaterial for non-destructive testing and searching for inhomogeneities in technological media
Authors: Yelizarov A. A. , Skuridin A. A. , Zakirova E. A.
Published: November 2020

A computer model and the results of a numerical experiment for a sensitive element on a planar mushroom-shaped metamaterial with cells of the “Maltese cross” type are presented. The proposed electrodynamic structure is shown to be applicable for nondestructive testing of geometric and electrophysical parameters of technological media, as well as searching for inhomogeneities in them. Resonant frequency shift and change of the attenuation coefficient value of the structure serve as informative parameters.
Automated complex “Miсron” for determining measurement error of microwave radio interferometers
Authors: Bezrukov D. Ye. , Kornev N. S. , Makarichev N. A. , Mineev K. V. , Nazarov A. V. , Tregubenko D. A.
Published: November 2020

The technique of radiointeroferometric measurements is presented and a theoretical estimate of the measuring error the reflecting surface movement is given. The movement are measured with microwave radio interferometers. The automated complex “Miсron” design and principle of operation are described. The complex is intended for experimental determination of the error in measuring the movement of a reflecting surface, as well as for primary and periodic verification of microwave radio interferometers. The complex “Miсron” includes a measuring instrument of the 3rd accuracy class – an incremental linear displacement transducer LIR-7A, which measures the reflecting surface movement of the test object. For the “Miсron” complex verification of the longitudinal movement measuring line is provided, which makes it possible to verify the LIR-7A transducer without dismantling it. Planeparallel gauge blocks or similar standards can be used as the initial standard for verification. The comparison of the movement measured values determined during verification and obtained by an alternative method providing the required accuracy of radio interferometric measurements is carried out.
Riba dan Bunga dalam Kontrak Syariah
Authors: Hisan Moh. Syifa`ul
Published: November 2020

Pada dasarnya, semua bisnis dapat dikatakan syariah apabila telah terbebas dari unsur-unsur yang dilarang dalam Islam. Salah satu di antara yang dilarang terjadi dalam bisnis syariah adalah munculnya praktik riba. Istilah riba sendiri telah banyak disinggung dalam karya-karya ulama klasik dan semua sepakat atas keharaman praktik riba. Namun belakangan yang diperdebatan bukan soal riba yang sudah jelas larangannya, melainkan status bunga bank, apakah bunga bank merupakan representasi dari riba ataukah bukan. Muncul berbagai tanggapan dari ulama terkait dengan status bunga bank. Tulisan singkat ini mencoba mengulas kembali pandangan Islam terhadap riba, serta pandangan para ulama terhadap isu bunga bank dan implikasinya terhadap kontrak syariah.
Peran Kepala Desa terhadap Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Partisipasi Pemungutan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan
Authors: Istikomah Istikomah
Published: November 2020

Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 secara eksplisit memberikan tugaskepada pemerintah Desa yaitu penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, pelaksanaan pembangunan, pembinaan kemasyarakatan, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Olehkarena itu Kepala Desa beserta jajarannya merupakan penanggung jawab atas jalannya roda pemerintahan dan roda pembangunan sehingga maju mundurnya Desa tergantung dari kinerja pemerintah Desa serta partisipasi masyarakat. Mengingat bahwa sumber pendapatan Desa adalah dari bagian hasil pajak, maka sudah selakyaknya apabila Desa-Desa yang ada juga aktif berpartisipasi dalam pembayaran pajak khususnya Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan. Salah satu peran pemberdayaan Kepala Desa di Desa Besuki Kecamatan Wadaslintang. Bertujuan untuk mengetahui partisipasi masyarakat Besuki dalam pembayaran PBB, mengetahui program pemberdayaan masyarakat di dalam pembangunan,mengetahui peran Kepala Desa Besuki dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat terhadap pemungutan PBB. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris (sosiologis).
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara Penganut Kepercayaan
Authors: Andhika Moh Bhayu Surya
Published: November 2020

Aliran kepercayaan di Indonesia merupakan salah satu wujud kebhinekaan yang dalam Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan pasal 61 Ayat (1) dan (2), sertapasal 64 ayat (1) dan (5) juncto Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan mengamanatkan pengosongan kolom agama bagi penghayat kepercayaan dalam administrasi kependudukan. Di sisi lain UUD 1945 menjamin hak setiap orang untuk bebas memeluk agama dan beribadat menurut agama, sertaber hak atas kebebasan meyakini Kepercayaan. Putusan Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 97/PUU-XIV/2016 mengabulkan permohonan pengujian materi (Judicial Review) terhadap Pasal 61 Ayat (1) dan (2) serta Pasal 64 Ayat (1) dan (2) Undang-undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-UndangNomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan yang terkait dengan adanya pengaturan pengosongan kolom agama pada kartu keluarga dan kartu tanda penduduk, melalui putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi ini secara tidak langsung eksistensi penghayat kepercayaan diakui oleh negara.
Pengembangan Studi KeIslaman Perspektif Epistemologi Ilmu
Authors: Fadholi M. , Purwanto Hery
Published: November 2020

Epistemology dapat diartikan sebagai studi yang menganalisa dan menilai secarakritis tentang mekanisme dan prinsip-prinsip yang membentuk keyakinan. Persoalan epistemology menempati pokok bahasan yang begitu penting, karenamen dasari apa yang dinamakan ilmu pengetahuan atau sains. Meski demikian ilmu pengetahuan atau sains tetap memiliki batas-batas penjelasan. Batas-batas itu tidak meski terletak pada pencarian atau pembuktian baru dari laju eksperimen sains, tetapi terbukti bahwa semenjak kelahiran suatu teori sains, batas-batas itu telah dimunculkan sebagai bidang-bidang khusus untuk membedakan suatu disiplin atas yang lain. Epistemologi itu sendiri membicarakan antara lain persoalan mengenai apa pengetahuan itu sesungguhnya, dari mana sumber pengetahuan diperoleh dan bagaimana cara memperolehnya. Sementara dalam pandangan Islam, ilmu pengetahuan merupakan hasil pemikiran manusia yang bersumber dari Tuhan melalui hasil ciptaannya. Inilah yang menjadikan pentingnya pengembangan studi islam dari sudut pandang epistemologi ilmu.
A imigração venezuelana como problema do Setor Público
Authors: Ojeda Nataly Luiza Nantes , Fonseca Mirella Villa de Araújo Tucunduva da
Published: November 2020

A Venezuela vive desde 2013 uma crise política, humanitária e econômica, como reflexo dessa crise houve uma grande saída de venezuelanos que fugiam dos confrontos e da falta de insumos básicos para sobrevivência. Muitos desses migrantes optam por regiões próximas ao país de origem para não distanciar muito da família. Roraima é o mais afetado dos estados brasileiros, visto que é fronteira com a Venezuela, o grande fluxo migratório acontece pelo município de Pacaraima. O presente artigo explana sobre a migração venezuelana para o Brasil e como ocorre a recepção, interiorização e as politicas públicas adotadas pelo governo brasileiro, suas causas e impactos. A pesquisa foi realizada, metodologicamente, com base em estudo bibliográfico, documental, onde foram analisados livros, revistas, paginas da web e legislação, para a consecução do resultado final do presente artigo científico. Como sugestão para o problema enfrentado cita-se, ao final do deste, a integração e cooperação da tripartite do governo (federal, estadual e municipal) com entidades não governamentais e a sociedade civil através de uma estratégia de incentivos e sensibilização social.
Анализ дискурсивной последовательности в послании президента Бразилии, переданном онлайн Jovem Pan Станции в радиопрограмме Os Pingos nos Is
Authors: Maldonado Gabriel Orlando Quiñones
Published: November 2020

Эта статья основана на области интерактивной социолингвистики и является результатом анализа дискурсивной последовательности вежливости или грубости в президентском послании президента Бразилии Болсонару. В качестве справки он собирает устный корпус, образованный устным взаимодействием президента с репортерами Эмиссоры Jovem Pan из радиопрограммы Os Pingos nos Is в еженедельной прямой трансляции 28 мая 2020 года. Дискурсивные сообщения, используемые обязательными мужчинами для непосредственной публики и легкодоступные столько, сколько международному сообществу. Политики преподносят свои послания людям, и их речь передается вежливо или грубо. В большинстве политических речей или определений они, как правило, нарушают порядок взаимодействия из-за уклонения от вопросов. Политики имеют дело с ответами, которые хотят знать получатели, отвечая с другой точки зрения, которая им выгодна и не наносит им политического вреда. Эта статья была направлена ​​на анализ дискурсивной последовательности вежливости или грубости в послании президента, в котором освещалась тема пандемии коронавируса. Анализ показывает, что были собраны порядок и тематический баланс развития устного взаимодействия в программе Pingos Nos Is дает Jovem Pan.
A new species of Laemostenus Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Els Ports Natural Park (Catalonia, northeastern Iberian peninsula)
Authors:   Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Spain, Prieto M. , Mederos J. ,   Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Spain, Comas J. ,   Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Spain
Published: November 2020

Laemostenus (Antisphodrus) portsensis n. sp. is described from five caves at Els Ports Natural Park. The new taxon can be distinguished from its geographical neighbours, L. (A.) levantinus (Bolívar, 1919) and L. (A.) lassallei Mateu, 1989, by the shape of its head and pronotum, and particularly by the morphology of the male genitalia. The study includes some remarks about the habitat and ecology of the new species.
A survey of recent introduction events, spread and mitigation efforts of mynas (Acridotheres sp.) in Spain and Portugal
Authors:   NBIMA–Invasive Bird Management, Tenerife, Spain, Saavedra S. , Maraver A. ,   Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Spain, Anadón J. D. ,   Queens College, City Univ. of New York, USA, Tella J. L. ,   Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Spain
Published: November 2020

The common myna Acridotheres tristis is listed among the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species. We combined previous records with a field survey to update the extent and fate of myna introductions in Spain and Portugal. Results suggest that there have been at least 22 independent accidental introductions of three myna species throughout the Iberian peninsula and three archipelagos since the early 1990s. While bank mynas (A. ginginianus) did not become established elsewhere, common mynas reached breeding populations on four islands. Eradication efforts allowed the extirpation of these breeding island populations, but common mynas continue to breed in the Tagus Estuary (continental Portugal). In this region, there is also a breeding population of crested mynas (A. cristatellus), which was undergone an exponential population growth in the last decade. To avoid further accidental introductions, eradication campaigns should be combined with preventive actions aiming to stop the trade of these species in Europe.
The Mediating Effect of Ethical Perception on the Relationship between Tax Service and Tax Compliance Behavior Using Baron and Kenny and Bootstrapping Method
Authors: Tan Swee Kiow , Mohd Salleh Mohd Fuad , Md Kassim Aza Azlina
Published: November 2020

The main purpose of this study is to examine themediating and indirect effects of ethical perception in tax service on tax compliance behaviour. The study used cross-sectional survey design to collect primary data from individual taxpayers in the southern region of Peninsular Malaysia. Data was analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Results indicate that partial mediation was supported by adopting Baron and Kenny method. However, there is almost no mediation by using bootstrapping method. It showed that ethical perception of individual taxpayers differ across individuals and these differences matter in significant ways particularly in their tax compliance decisions. Therefore, IRB should provide better tax service to individual taxpayers in order to enhance their tax ethics and compliance. This may increase tax revenue and reduce the budget deficit without raising tax rates. This research results provide valuable information for the IRB and it is useful for tax policy development,
Human Capital Investment: The Datai Sets a Risky Example
Authors: Ahmad Rozila , Abdul Razak Roshita
Published: November 2020

Human capital investment is important for service firms that provide personalised services, for example, luxury hotels. Hotels in Langkawi claim that they conduct continuous training. The extent of the training is just sufficient to fulfil the Ministry of Human Resources training requirements. Rarely do businesses spend above the minimum requirement. This is especially true in the hotel industry, an industry that many perceive as a stepping stone in building their careers. This makes it significant to conduct and in-depth interview with the master minds of The Datai Investing in People (DIP) training programme. The purpose of the interviews is to investigate how human capital investment is carried out in the hotel industry. Furthermore, the fact that covid-19 spreads around the world only a year after the “new” Datai reopens makes it seems riskier as it is very doubtful that the hotel will get the expected returns from its investment. The findings of this study may enhance understanding of human capital investment in the hotel industry as it provides in-depth explanation of how The Datai invests in its human capital. The finding will also bridge the gap between theory and practice as it enhances understanding of why many hotels choose to limit their human capital investment. The Datai’s sacrifice makes it clear why it has remained as the employer of choice
Anion Effect on the Electropolymerization Reaction of Metanil Yellow in Aqueous Media and Characterization of Polymer Films
Authors: Kiss László , Kiss András , Kunsági-Máté Sándor
Published: November 2020

The electropolymerization of Metanil Yellow was investigated in aqueous solutions containing inorganic acids (sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric and perchloric acid) as well as sulphonic acids (5-sulpho salicylic acid, sulphanilic acid, dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid) and lauryl sulphate in its acidic solution. By the inorganic ions the conductivity increased in the sulphate, chloride, nitrate, perchlorate serie. Of the organic sulphonic compounds 5-sulpho-salicylic acid was found to be a very efficient dopant in increasing polymer conductivity being obviously better than the other sulphonate anions. The formed conducting polymer was not suitable for detection of the corresponding anion. Nitrite ions completely diminished the electric properties of the polymer due to the reaction resulting nitrosamine.
Biochemical and immunological markers for the early diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia
Authors: Nesa Ayatun , Yesmin Farjana , Muttalib M A
Published: November 2020

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening condition with high mortality and morbidity throughout the world.
Objective: This study evaluated the diagnostic role of serum procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among neonates admitted to the special baby care unit (SCABU) of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, from November 2018 to April 2019. According to selection criteria, 90 clinically suspected cases of neonatal sepsis were selected and categorised into confirmed, probable, and no sepsis groups based on CRP, white cell count, platelet count, and blood culture results. Serum PCT, IL-6, and tumor  necrosis factor (TNF-a) were estimated in all cases by standard laboratory methods.
Results: Serum PCT, IL-6, CRP, and TNF-awere significantly higher in confirmed and probable sepsis groups in comparison to no sepsis group. Among the studied biomarkers, serum PCT was found most sensitive (95% sensitivity), and serum IL-6 was found most specific biomarkers (65.7% specificity) than CRP and TNF-a for the diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia. Though the accuracy of both PCT and IL-6 was found equal (70%), but the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of serum PCT were higher than IL-6.
Conclusion: Both serum PCT and IL-6 are more sensitive and specific markers than CRP and TNF-a in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Moreover, serum PCT is more useful than IL-6.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(2): 83-89
Islet cell and glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 autoantibodies in young diabetic patients attending in a General Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Chowdhury Ashesh Kumar , Sahi Shahjalalur Rahman , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Khan Mansura
Published: November 2020

Background: Immune mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cell in type-I diabetes is well established but its’ role in young type-2 diabetic patients is still not conclusive. These young diabetic patients pass through several stages where they do not need insulin but found to have serum autoantibody against islets cell and even become dependent on insulin for survival in course of time. This study aims to find the presence of islets cell auto-antibodies (ICA) and autoantibody to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) in non-insulin requiring young diabetic patients of Bangladesh.
Objective: To evaluate the presence of ICA and GAD-65 between the non-insulin requiring young type-2 diabetic patients and compare with the non-diabetic control group.
Method: This case control study was carried out at the Department of Immunology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka for a period of one year from July 2013, A total of 120 non-insulin requiring (≥12 months) young type-2 diabetic patients and 60 age, sex matched non-diabetic were enrolled as control subjects following inclusion and exclusion criteria. ICA and GAD-65 tests were performed by enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) method by using kits from DRG Inc. International, USA.
Results: In this study statistically significant difference found between non insulin requiring young diabetic patients and non diabetic control in respect of positive ICA result (p=0.015). The moderately strong negative association was found between different age of onset of diabetes mellitus and value of ICA level (r=-0.45). Only 20-24 years age group showed statistically significant difference between patient and control (p=0.013). Statistically significant difference was not found in GAD-65 values of non insulin requiring young diabetic patients and non diabetic controls (p=0.441).
Conclusion: This study revealed that there is significant difference present in respect of ICA among non-insulin requiring young diabetic patients and non-diabetic controls. Therefore, autoimmune pathogenesis of beta cell killing by producing ICA against islets cell take place in young type-2 diabetic patients.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(2): 104-108
Effects of manual continuous home cervical traction in cervical spondylosis
Authors: Shakoor MA , Emran Md Ali , Zaman Abul Khair Ahmed , Md Moyeenuzzaman -
Published: November 2020

Background: Cervical spondylosis is the results of disc degeneration with associated osteophytosis. Cervical traction is widely used to treat neck disorders. Rehabilitation treatment like cervical traction along with other measures at home may play an important role to reduce symptoms of the patients with cervical spondylosis.
Objective: A randomised clinical trial was conducted among 125 patients having cervical spondylosis to find out the effects of manual continuous home cervical traction.
Methods: The patients were selected on the basis specific selection criteria. They were subdivided into two groups. In Group-A (manual continuous home cervical traction group), 61 patients were treated with exercise, cervical collar, neck support, manual continuous home cervical traction, NSAID, warm moist compression and instruction in posture. In Group-B (conventional treatment receiving group), 64 patients were treated with exercise, cervical collar, neck support, warm moist compression, NSAID and instruction in posture.
Results: Among the subjects there were 68 (54.4 %) male and 57 (45.6 %) female.  The mean age of the subjects was 45.94 ± 11.65 years.  There was marked improvement of symptoms of the patients of Group-A in response to treatment for 6 weeks (p < 0.007). It indicates that manual home cervical traction was found effective to reduce the sign and symptoms of cervical spondylosis. There was improvement after treatment in Group-B also (p < 0.01). It indicates that conventional treatment was also found effective. In comparison, there was no significant difference between two groups (p < 0.36, 95% CI= ‐0.56 to 1.51) found after first week. But there was significant improvement in Group-A than Group-B after six weeks of treatment (p < 0.003, 95% CI= -2.40 to -0.51).
Conclusion: It may be concluded that manual continuous home cervical traction is beneficial for the patients with cervical spondylosis.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(2): 128-133
Schwanoma of tonsil
Authors: Datta Pran Gopal , Akhtar Nasima , Naha Abirvab , Datta Anindita
Published: November 2020

Background: Schwannoma is mostly benign lesion that originates from the Schwannoma cells that cover the myelinated nerve fibers. Schwannoma arising from the tonsil are very rare. In head and neck region the incidence rate of schwannoma is between 25 to 45%. In most of the cases vestibular nerve followed by a parapharyngeal space is involved. It is also known as neurilemmoma.
Objective: To diagnoses and manage the case of a Schwannoma of Tonsil.
Findings: A case of tonsillar schwannoma in a 42 years old males was reported. The patient presented with unilateral enlargement of left tonsil with congested pharyngeal mucosa.
Conclusion: Proper clinical examination with radiological assessment plays a vital role to diagnosis this accurately.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(2): 142-144