bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Likelihood of Injury and Medical Care Between CrossFit and Traditional Weightlifting Participants
Authors: Elkin Joshua L. , Kammerman Jacob S. , Kunselman Allen R. , Gallo Robert A.
Published: May 2019

Background:

CrossFit is a popular weightlifting sport, with participants who report significant improvements in physical health; however, others argue that CrossFit exposes participants to an increased risk and severity of injury. We address this through a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to compare the likelihood of self-reported injury and severity in CrossFit and traditional weightlifting in the previous 2 years. We hypothesized that CrossFit participants would have a higher 2-year likelihood of injury and medical care compared with a traditional weightlifting cohort.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Anonymous volunteers who participated regularly in CrossFit or traditional weightlifting routines completed a 15-question survey that queried workout routine, injury history, and medical care due to a weightlifting injury. Inclusion criteria included those older than 18 years who were active participants in CrossFit and weightlifting. Unpaired t-test analyses were conducted to compare means of continuous data between participants in CrossFit and traditional weightlifting. A multivariant logistic regression model was used to assess the association of training routine, sex, and age with those sustaining at least 1 injury within the past 2 years.

Results:

A total of 411 participants (122 CrossFit; 289 traditional weightlifting) completed the questionnaire. Those following a CrossFit routine were 1.30 times more likely to be injured (95% CI, 1.075-1.57; P = .0067) and 1.86 times more likely to seek medical attention (95% CI, 1.40-2.48; P < .0001). In a multivariant logistic regression analysis adjusting for sex and age, injury was 2.26 times more likely in the CrossFit group (95% CI, 1.42-3.62; P = .0010). In both groups, shoulder injuries were most common (46.41%), followed by lower back (38.28%) and hip injuries (9.09%).

Conclusion:

Athletes participating in CrossFit are more likely to be injured and to seek medical treatment compared with participants in traditional weightlifting. Despite these findings, the increased likelihood of injury may have less to do with the exercises involved with CrossFit and more related to the intensity with which the exercises are performed, and thus increased awareness is needed to prevent further injuries.
National Crimes: A New National Data Set of Lynchings in the United States, 1883 to 1941
Authors: Seguin Charles , Rigby David
Published: May 2019

Historians are increasingly studying lynching outside of the American Southeast, but sociologists have been slow to follow. We introduce a new public data set that extends existing data on lynching victims to cover the contiguous United States from 1883 to 1941. These data confirm that lynching was a heterogeneous practice across the United States. We differentiate between three different regimes over this period: a Wild West regime, characterized mostly by the lynching of whites in areas with weak state penetration; a slavery regime, found in former slave states, characterized mostly by the lynching of blacks; and a third minor regime, characterized by the lynching of Mexican nationals mostly along the Texas-Mexico border. We also note great variability at the county level in the extent of lynching. By contrast, we find very little state-level variability in lynching once local and regional regimes are considered. We discuss the implications of local and regional heterogeneity for quantitative lynching research using these data.
Predicting Persistent Orofacial Pain: The Role of Illness Perceptions, Anxiety, and Depression
Authors: Penlington C. , Araújo-Soares V. , Durham J.
Published: May 2019

Introduction:

Persistent orofacial pain (POFP) can be caused by a range of conditions affecting the mouth and face and is often associated with significant disability. Biopsychosocial factors are known to be important predictors and have not yet been fully explored in this population.

Objectives:

This study aimed to explore whether illness perceptions and psychological distress (anxiety and depression) could predict long-term outcome in a community-based sample of patients receiving routine care for POFP.

Methods:

A longitudinal cohort design study assessed 198 patients recruited from primary or secondary health care settings on 5 separate occasions over a 2-y period. Outcome was measured by the Graded Chronic Pain Scale and dichotomized into good or poor outcome categories. Independent variables included subscale scores of the psychometrically shortened Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire–4 (PHQ-4, assessing anxiety and depressive symptomatology). Logistic regressions were performed to test whether scores on each subscale would be associated with different outcomes for patients at 12 and 24 mo and overall.

Results:

Beliefs about consequences predicted outcome category (good vs. poor) above and beyond other illness perception subscales, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology (z = 3.78; P < 0.000; odds ratio [OR], 3.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71–5.43). Both depressive symptomatology, measured by the PHQ-2 (P = 0.001; OR, 4.06; 95% CI, 1.74–9.52), and psychological distress (mixed anxiety and depression; P = 0.029; OR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.12–7.41), measured by the PHQ-4, were also predictive of poor outcome, but these effects were no longer significant once measures of illness perceptions were added.

Conclusion:

Beliefs about the consequences of POFP are important predictors of outcome independent of other variables and can easily and briefly be included in assessments to inform management decisions.

Knowledge Transfer Statement:

The results of this study are relevant because they will allow clinicians to consider the use of brief and easy-to-administer self-report measures to identify POFP patients at higher risk of poor outcome so that management can be planned accordingly.
URBAN-i: From urban scenes to mapping slums, transport modes, and pedestrians in cities using deep learning and computer vision
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed R , Haworth James , Cheng Tao
Published: May 2019

In recent years, deep learning and computer vision have been applied to solve complex problems across many domains. In urban studies, these technologies have been instrumental in the development of smart cities and autonomous vehicles. However, a knowledge gap is present when it comes to informal urban regions in less developed countries. How can deep learning and artificial intelligence untangle the complexities of informality to advance urban modelling? In this paper, we introduce a framework for multipurpose realistic-dynamic urban modelling using deep convolutional neural networks. The purpose of the framework is twofold: (1) to sense and detect informality and slums in urban scenes from aerial and street-level images and (2) to detect pedestrian and transport modes. The model has been trained on images of urban scenes in cities across the globe. The framework shows strong validation performance in the identification of planned and unplanned regions, despite broad variations in the classified images. The algorithms of the URBAN-i model are coded in Python and the trained models can be applied to images of any urban setting, including informal settlements and slum regions.
Reverse Shoulder Prosthesis With a Lateralized Glenosphere: Early Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study Stratified by Diagnosis
Authors: Hasan Samer S , Levy Jonathan C , Leitze Zachary R , Kumar Avinash G , Harter Gary D , Krupp Ryan J
Published: May 2019

Background

We report here on the results, stratified by diagnosis, of a multicenter prospective study by surgeons unaffiliated with the design team of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) performed using a lateralized glenosphere. We hypothesized that outcomes would be comparable to those reported previously.Methods: A total of 245 patients underwent RSA for cuff tear arthropathy or glenohumeral arthritis with rotator cuff tear, rotator cuff tear with instability or escape and without glenohumeral arthritis, or failed shoulder arthroplasty. Clinical, radiographic, and self-assessed outcome measures were obtained preoperatively and at standardized time points postoperatively. At 2 years, 173 patients were available as 23 patients were deceased, 12 had undergone revision, and 37 were unavailable.Results: Range of motion and outcomes improved, irrespective of diagnosis. Active forward flexion, abduction, and external rotation improved (73°–127°, 65°–109°, and 24°–37°, respectively, P < .0001 for all). Simple Shoulder Test (3.2–8.5) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores (45–86) also improved. Scapular notching occurred in 13.3%; scapular spine/acromial fractures in 6.5%. Patients undergoing revision shoulder arthroplasty improved more modestly.Conclusion: In this multicenter study, surgeons unaffiliated with the design team obtained clinical improvements comparable to those reported previously and that exceeded minimal clinically important differences for RSA. Improvements in external rotation and low scapular notching rates potentially relate to the lateralized design.
Diagnostic high-throughput sequencing of 2396 patients with bleeding, thrombotic, and platelet disorders
Authors: Downes Kate , Megy Karyn , Duarte Daniel , Vries Minka , Gebhart Johanna , Hofer Stefanie , Shamardina Olga , Deevi Sri V. V. , Stephens Jonathan , Mapeta Rutendo , Tuna Salih , Al Hasso Namir , Besser Martin W. , Cooper Nichola , Daugherty Louise , Gleadall Nick , Greene Daniel , Haimel Matthias , Martin Howard , Papadia Sofia , Revel-Vilk Shoshana , Sivapalaratnam Suthesh , Symington Emily , Thomas Will , Thys Chantal , Tolios Alexander , Penkett Christopher J. ,   NIHR BioResource, Ouwehand Willem H. , Abbs Stephen , Laffan Michael A. , Turro Ernest , Simeoni Ilenia , Mumford Andrew D. , Henskens Yvonne M. C. , Pabinger Ingrid , Gomez Keith , Freson Kathleen
Published: May 2019

This paper reports on the use of a high-throughput diagnostic genetic screening for coagulation, platelet, or thrombotic disorders in a series of more than 2000 patients.
Kandinsky’s fragile art: a multidisciplinary investigation of four early reverse glass paintings (1911–1914) by Wassily Kandinsky
Authors: Steger Simon , Oesterle Diana , Bretz Simone , Frenzel Lisa , Stege Heike , Winkelmeyer Iris , Hahn Oliver , Geiger Gisela
Published: May 2019

This work highlights the rediscovery of the technique of reverse glass painting by the artists of the “Blaue Reiter” collective in the early 20th-century and focusses particularly on the role of Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944). Kandinsky created more than 70 reverse paintings on glass and showed several of them in exhibitions together with paintings on canvas and cardboard, implying a coequal importance of these techniques. Four of his early (1911–1914) reverse glass paintings (Auferstehung, Allerheiligen II, Rudern, Apokalyptischer Reiter II) were selected for investigation and their iconography, painting techniques and painting materials were examined. Two paintings were executed on so-called cathedral glass, revealing a “hammered surface”, whereas Kandinsky used a corrugated glass panel for Rudern. A multi-analytical, non-invasive approach [X-ray fluorescence (XRF), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), VIS spectroscopy (VIS), Raman spectroscopy] was taken to identify the pigments and classify the binding media. The results reveal a broad palette of materials. Several pigments like lead white, zinc white, strontium yellow, Prussian blue, viridian, cadmium yellow, ultramarine blue, cinnabar and carbon black were found in most of the four paintings. The use of the rare synthetic organic pigments PR60 and PB52 is discussed. In two works of art, cadmium carbonate is associated with cadmium yellow. The identification of aluminium foil along with tin foils in Rudern indicates an early use of this material for reverse glass paintings.
Brief screening instrument for post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Brewin Chris R. , Rose Suzanna , Andrews Bernice , Green John , Tata Philip , McEvedy Chris , Turner Stuart , Foa Edna B.
Published: May 2019

Background

Brief screening instruments appear to be a viable way of detecting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but none has yet been adequately validated.

Aims

To test and cross-validate a brief instrumentthat is simple to administer and score.

Method

Forty-one survivors of a rai l crash were administered a questionnaire, followed by a structured clinical interview 1 week later.

Results

Excellent prediction of a PTSD diagnosis was provided by respondents endorsing at least six re-experiencing or arousal symptoms, in any combination. The findings were replicated on data from a previous study of 157 crime victims.

Conclusions

Performance of the new measure was equivalent to agreement achieved between two full clinical interviews.
High-Normal Adolescent Fasting Plasma Glucose Is Associated With Poorer Midlife Brain Health: Bogalusa Heart Study
Authors: Carmichael Owen , Stuchlik Patrick , Pillai Sreekrishna , Biessels Geert-Jan , Dhullipudi Ram , Madden-Rusnak Anna , Martin Shane , Hsia Daniel S , Fonseca Vivian , Bazzano Lydia
Published: May 2019

Context

It is unclear how adolescent glycemic status relates to brain health in adulthood.

Objective

To assess the association between adolescent fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and MRI-based brain measures in midlife.

Design

Between 1973 and 1992, the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) collected FPG from children, 3 to 18 years old, and followed up between 1992 and 2018. Cognitive tests and brain MRI were collected in 2013 to 2016 and 2018.

Setting

Observational longitudinal cohort study.

Participants

Of 1298 contacted BHS participants, 74 completed screening, and 50 completed MRI.

Main Outcome Measures

Mean FPG per participant at ages <20, 20 to 40, and over 40 years old; brain white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, gray matter volume, and functional MRI (fMRI) activation to a Stroop task; tests of logical and working memory, executive function, and semantic fluency.

Results

At MRI, participants were middle aged (51.3 ± 4.4 years) and predominantly female (74%) and white (74%). Mean FPG was impaired for zero, two, and nine participants in pre-20, 20 to 40, and over-40 periods. The pre-20 mean FPG above the pre-20 median value (i.e., above 83.5 mg/dL) was associated with greater WMH volume [mean difference: 0.029% of total cranial volume, CI: (0.0059, 0.052), P = 0.015] and less fMRI activation [−1.41 units (−2.78, −0.05), P = 0.043] on midlife MRI compared with below-median mean FPG. In controlling for over-40 mean FPG status did not substantially modify the associations. Cognitive scores did not differ by pre-20 mean FPG.

Conclusions

High-normal adolescent FPG may be associated with preclinical brain changes in midlife.
Latent Autonomous Cortisol Secretion From Apparently Nonfunctioning Adrenal Tumor in Nonlateralized Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Ohno Youichi , Sone Masakatsu , Inagaki Nobuya , Takeda Yoshiyu , Kurihara Isao , Tsuiki Mika , Ichijo Takamasa , Wada Norio , Katabami Takuyuki , Ogawa Yoshihiro , Okamura Shintaro , Fukuoka Tomikazu , Kai Tatsuya , Izawa Shoichiro , Yoshikawa Yuichiro , Hashimoto Shigeatsu , Yamada Masanobu , Chiba Yoshiro , Naruse Mitsuhide ,   JPAS/JRAS Study Group
Published: May 2019

Context

Adrenal tumors (ATs), even those diagnosed as nonfunctioning, may cause metabolic disorders. Some primary aldosteronism (PA) patients with ATs are diagnosed with bilateral PA based on adrenal venous sampling (AVS), and their ATs are apparently nonfunctioning.

Objective

To clarify the influence of apparently nonfunctioning ATs, we compared hormone levels and clinical complications between bilateral PA cases with and without ATs.

Design, setting, and participants

After retrospectively assessing 2814 patients with PA in the multicenter Japan PA study, bilateral PA cases on AVS were divided into cases with and without ATs by computed tomography findings. Importantly, patients with cortisol levels >1.8 µg/dL after the 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) were excluded. Clinical characteristics and biochemical data were compared between them. The correlation between AT size and hormone levels was also analyzed.

Main outcome measures

Analyzed were 196 bilateral PA patients with ATs and 331 those without ATs. Although basal cortisol and aldosterone levels were similar between them, cortisol levels after the 1-mg DST and the prevalences of diabetes mellitus and proteinuria were significantly higher and ACTH levels and plasma renin activity were significantly lower in cases with ATs than in those without. After adjusting for patients’ backgrounds, cortisol levels after the 1-mg DST and plasma renin activity remained significantly different between them. Moreover, cortisol levels after the 1-mg DST and ACTH levels correlated with AT size.

Conclusions

Apparently nonfunctioning ATs in bilateral PA cases may cause latent autonomous cortisol secretion, inducing diabetes and proteinuria.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Does Not Offset Adiposity-Related Systemic Inflammation in Physically Active Older Women
Authors: Bergens Oscar , Nilsson Andreas , Kadi Fawzi
Published: May 2019

Context

Chronic inflammation increases diabetes risk and may be exacerbated by excess adipose tissue. Whether cardiovascular fitness can offset chronic inflammation associated with excess adipose tissue in older adults is unclear.

Objective

The study aimed to examine the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on links between adiposity and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers related to metabolic risk in physically active older women.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Cross-sectional study comprising older community-dwelling women (n = 109; age, 65 to 70 years).

Main Outcome

Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a standardized submaximal test and participants were categorized into high- and low-adiposity–related metabolic risk [body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and total fat mass]. The inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, adiponectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α were analyzed.

Results

Regardless of adiposity measure, women in the metabolic high-risk group had substantially elevated (P < 0.05) CRP and lower adiponectin levels. Levels of IL-6 and MIP1-α were elevated in the high-risk group defined by WHR and total fat mass. The IL-18 level was elevated in the high-risk group based on WHR only. Importantly, a high cardiorespiratory fitness level did not attenuate the detrimental links between adiposity measures and inflammation.

Conclusions

Cardiorespiratory fitness does not offset the detrimental links between adiposity and several inflammatory biomarkers related to metabolic risk in physically active older women. Reducing abdominal adipose tissue in older adults should be emphasized in efforts aiming to attenuate age-related systemic inflammation and metabolic risk regardless of cardiorespiratory fitness.
Low Stroke Volume during Exercise with Hot Skin Is Due to Elevated Heart Rate
Authors: CHOU TING-HENG , AKINS JOHN D. , CRAWFORD CHARLES K. , ALLEN JAKOB R. , COYLE EDWARD F.
Published: May 2019

It is well known that hyperthermia lowers stroke volume (SV) during moderate-intensity prolonged exercise, yet the underlying mechanism is inconclusive, especially when skin temperature (Tsk) is hot (≥38°C).

Purpose

In the present study, HR was independently lowered by a low dose of β1-blockade (βB) to investigate its effect on SV during exercise when skin is hot. The effect of rapid skin cooling on reversing cardiovascular responses was also examined.

Methods

Nine men cycled at 62% V˙O2peakwearing a water-perfused suit for 20 min during three conditions: (a) moderate Tsk (~33°C) (MOD), (b) hot Tsk (~38°C) (HOT), and (c) hot Tsk (38°C) with βB (HOT-βB). Skin temperature was then rapidly cooled at 20 min in all trials by cold water (0°C–2°C) perfusion while subjects continued cycling for another 20 min.

Results

When HR was lowered during HOT-βB (152 ± 4 bpm) to the same level as MOD (150 ± 4 bpm;P= 0.30), SV in HOT-βB (132 ± 8 mL) was also restored to the same level as MOD (129 ± 7 mL,P= 0.37) even with a significantly higher cutaneous blood flow (CBF) and lower mean arterial blood pressure. When Tsk was rapidly cooled, cardiac output, HR, and CBF significantly decreased while SV remained lower in HOT. Forearm venous volume was not different between trials during heating and cooling.

Conclusions

The increase in HR rather than an increase in CBF or forearm venous volume was responsible for the decrease in SV during moderate-intensity exercise when Tsk was held at 38°C.
Changing trends in anti-psychotic prescription pattern in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Mazhar , Ghani M. Usman , Mazhar Wardha , Munir Nargis
Published: May 2019

Background and Objective: This study was designed to identify the changing trends in Antipsychotic prescription pattern in Pakistan. It was part of the research project Research on East Asian Psychotropic Prescription Pattern (REAP) carried out to identify the prescription patterns of schizophrenic patients in different countries located in Asia. Our objective was to assess the trend and change of psychotropic drug prescriptions for patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: The design of the study was quantitative and of descriptive epidemiology. This study was carried out from 30th March 2017. Data was collected on a unified protocol by the Psychiatrists from Pakistan. Three (3) centers i.e., Lahore, Karachi and Islamabad provided the data. Indoor and outdoor cases with Schizophrenia were recruited. A web based recording system for collection of data done at Taipei Taiwan, and statistical analysis was performed and transferred to all participating centers including Pakistan.

Results: The main findings of the study were that majority of the patients were prescribed antipsychotic poly pharmacy drug. It was also found that Anxiolytics, anti-depressants and Antiparkinsonian drugs were also co-prescribed.

Conclusion: It was concluded that antipsychotic poly pharmacy along with Anxiolytics, anti-depressants and Anti-parkinsonian drugs were prescribed to patients with schizophrenia in Pakistan.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.136

How to cite this:Malik M, Ghani MU, Mazhar W, Munir N. Changing trends in anti-psychotic prescription pattern in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):653-657. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.136

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Expression of p-AMPK in colorectal cancer revealed substantial diverse survival patterns
Authors: Khabaz Mohamad Nidal , Abdelrahman Amer Shafei , Al-Maghrabi Jaudah Ahmad
Published: May 2019

Objective: Several cancers have showed differences in the role of p- AMPK in cancer growth, progression and prognosis, and little is identified regarding the significance of p-AMPK expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, this report will define p-AMPK phenotype in a panel of colorectal carcinomas and explore the relationship between this phenotype and tumor clinicopathological features.

Methods: A total of 228 cases comprising 155 large intestine cancers and 73 controls (40 benign tumors and thirty three non-cancerous tissues) were employed in tissue microarray construction. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was applied to reveal p-AMPK expression. This study was carried out in the pathology lab of King Abdulaziz University Hospital over a duration of 15 months and was completed on 7th July 2018.

Results: Phosphorylated AMPK was identified in 133 (85.8%) of colorectal cancers and 73 (100%) control cases. Histologic type was noticeably correlated with p-AMPK immunostaining (P= 0.001), high score of p-AMPK immunostaining is more frequent in control cases. Considerable varied survival models were observed with neoplasm size, metastatic tumor, recurrence and disease relapse (P-values <0.01). Survival estimates are considerably healthier in positive cases which have one of the following features size less than 5 cm, absence of metastatic tumor, no reoccurrence or disease relapse.

Conclusions: The present study showed a reduction in the IHC staining of p-AMPK in colorectal cancer compared with controls. IHC staining of p-AMPK can be a supportive marker in predicting prognosis and survival estimates of colorectal tumors with specific clinical factors.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.159

How to cite this:Khabaz MN, Abdelrahman AS, Al-Maghrabi JA. Expression of p-AMPK in colorectal cancer revealed substantial diverse survival patterns. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):685-690. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.159

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The effect of emotional labor and impression management on burnout: Example of Family Physicians
Authors: Yigit Aysegul Ozer , Ay Ferda Alper
Published: May 2019

Objective: Although burnout is seen as a personal problem, it has a negative effect on effectiveness of the organization. The positive interaction of the physicians with the patients and their relatives increases the service quality. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of the family physicians’ use of emotional labor and impression management on burnout.

Methods: A total of 82 questionnaires were distributed to all family physicians who work in the family health centers of the Public Health Directorate in Sivas province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis.

Results: According to the findings, the level of burnout of family physicians was low and there was a significant relationship between impression management tactics and emotional labor behavior. Impression management and emotional labor behaviors had no significant effect on burnout.

Conclusion: Use of physicians’ emotional labor and impression management tactics, do not have an impact on their burnout levels and it helps improve physician-patient interaction.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.4

How to cite this:Yigit AO, Ay FA. The effect of emotional labor and impression management on burnout: Example of Family Physicians. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):793-796. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.4

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Supply Chain Contracts That Prevent Information Leakage
Authors: Chen Yiwei , Özer Özalp
Published: May 2019

This paper determines categories of contracts that facilitate vertical information sharing in a supply chain while precluding horizontal information leakage among competing newsvendors. We consider a supply chain in which retailers replenish inventory from a common supplier to satisfy uncertain demand and are engaged in newsvendor competition. Each retailer has imperfect demand information. Yet one of the retailers (the incumbent) has a more accurate demand forecast than the other (the entrant). Information leakage among such competing retailers precludes vertical information sharing and is often the reason for many retailers to abandon collaborative forecast-sharing initiatives, leading to suboptimized supply chains. We show that whether a contract can prevent information leakage depends on how the inventory risk (i.e., cost of supply–demand mismatch) is allocated among the supplier and retailers in conjunction with the allocation of profits. We categorize contracts according to how they allocate inventory risk among firms when compared with a wholesale‐price contract. This comparison yields four mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories of contracts. A downside-protection contract is one that effectively reduces retailers’ cost of excess inventory by shifting some of their overage cost to the supplier. Examples of such contracts include buy-back and revenue-sharing contracts. An upside-protection contract is one that effectively increases retailers’ cost of inventory shortage by shifting some of the supplier’s underage cost to retailers. Examples of such contracts include penalty and rebate contracts. A two-sided protection contract combines the properties of the previous two categories. A no-protection contract is one that fails to shift firms’ cost of inventory shortage or excess from one to the other. Examples of such contracts include wholesale-price and two-part tariff contracts. We show that no-protection contracts, which are extensively used in practice, cannot prevent information leakage, whereas others may do so. We also show that preventing information leakage could be costly for the supply chain (i.e., low channel efficiency). We conclude by illustrating how our unified framework to study a variety of contracts can enable a firm to determine the best-performing contract (among many) that precludes information leakage while almost coordinating the channel. For example, we show why buy‐back contracts perform significantly better than revenue‐sharing or rebate contracts.

This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Na contramão da História: um estudo das estratégias de pesquisa psicológicas à luz da TAR
Authors: Ferreira Arthur Arruda Leal
Published: May 2019

A meta deste trabalho é mapear as transformações nos experimentos psicológicos, apontando especialmente para os deslocamentos no lugar dos sujeitos participantes destes, notadamente no trânsito dos sujeitos treinados (onipresentes nos laboratórios psicológicos do século XIX) para os sujeitos ingênuos, que a partir da década de 1910, passam a se tornar o padrão, dentro de um tipo de design em que estes não tenham possibilidade de clareza do que está sendo experimentado. Esta transformação será discutida com base nos conceitos de docilidade e recalcitrância; se esta como possibilidade de resistência e colocação de novas questões por parte dos seres pesquisados já é considerada menor nas ciências humanas, a primeira, ou o assentimento perante as operações da pesquisa tenderia a se tornar maior nas operações com os sujeitos tratados como ingênuos.
Quando a terapia se torna arte: Teoria Ator-Rede e cocriação musical
Authors: Siqueira-Silva Raquel , Nunes João Arriscado
Published: May 2019

Este artigo toma como ponto de entrada as práticas artísticas/criativas no âmbito da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira e, em particular, a constituição de grupos musicais formados por pacientes/usuários dos cuidados de saúde mental (e dos seus terapeutas) envolvidos em práticas de musicoterapia. Este processo conduziu à sua transformação em músicos-artistas, reconhecidos pelo seu desempenho musical, avaliado pelos critérios estéticos próprios dos gêneros musicais em causa. Aborda-se a passagem de um modo particular de existência da música, enquanto prática orientada para a terapia em saúde mental, para outro modo, o da prática de co-criação artística.  Procura-se assim contribuir para a elaboração de uma abordagem dos processos de co-criação estética que coloque em diálogo a Teoria Ator-Rede, com algumas produções recentes em domínios como a filosofia do processo e os estudos sobre o improviso nas práticas musicais.
O jogo The Sims como tela de projeção e elaboração de experiências
Authors: Mota Jéssica Maíres Severino , Thomaz Marcos Vinícius , Melo Maria De Fátima Aranha de Queiroz e
Published: May 2019

Articulando a Psicologia com o trabalho de experimentação digital, investigamos a utilização do jogo de simulação virtual The Simscomo tela projetiva, buscando seguir a elaboração de vivências de um grupo de pré-adolescentes moradores de uma casa abrigo. Para tanto, foram realizadas, ao longo de 2013, oficinas na Lan House de uma universidade com o intuito de compreender como os participantes utilizavam o jogo para ressignificar os fatos de suas vidas. Utilizando como suporte teórico metodológico a Teoria Ator-Rede, seguimos, no jogo, as falas e os movimentos dos participantes para montar um registro que nos permitisse levantar hipóteses sobre a maneira como se projetavam nos cenários montados.
Con(textos), indecidíveis e brisuras: a desconstrução derridiana em associações ao feminino e à maternidade
Authors: Langaro Fabíola , Souza Mériti De
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho problematiza a experiência de mulheres-mães na relação construída com filhos e filhas a partir da elaboração subjetiva dos lugares sociais e sexuais, frente às normas calcadas na heteronormatividade e no binarismo. A estratégia da desconstrução foi utilizada na leitura das falas-textos das mulheres-mães, buscando e apontando seu jogo de oposições, essências e hierarquias. Consideramos que o trabalho operado pela desconstrução nos (con)textos se confronta com a barreira posta pela metafísica da presença, explicitando o embate entre uma operação feminina e uma operação masculina. Este embate contínuo explicita, ainda, os indecidíveis e as brisuras e sustenta brechas para a construção de práticas que embaralham os limites que demarcam a norma.
A relação entre o uso de drogas e o trabalho: uma revisão de literatura PSI
Authors: Felix Junior Itamar José , Schlindwein Vanderléia De Lurdes Dal Castel , Calheiros Paulo Renato Vitória
Published: May 2019

As teorias relacionadas ao tema "Saúde mental e trabalho" têm dado a devida importância ao fato de que, cada vez mais, o adoecimento, o sofrimento mental e outros problemas sociais possuem vinculação com o trabalho, embora este último tenha passado por transformações tecnológicas e gerenciais com vistas a melhorar o bem-estar do trabalhador. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão de literatura PSI sobre estudos que abarcam o uso de substâncias psicoativas e sua relação com o trabalho. Para isso foram consultadas as bases de dados Pepsic, SciELO, Scopus e Web of Science. Como critério metodológico delimitou-se o período de 2005 a 2015. Foram encontrados 18 artigos, dos quais foram analisados 14 artigos que atendiam aos objetivos propostos. Observou-se que tem aumentado o uso de substâncias psicoativas por trabalhadores dentro do ambiente de trabalho. Os estudos sobre o tema evidenciam que, a relação entre trabalho e uso de substâncias psicoativas é encoberta pelo medo e pela estigmatização dentro das instituições, situação que dificulta e até impossibilita o acesso ao tratamento. Os autores sugerem que sejam feitos trabalhos de prevenção nas empresas ou instituições e que sejam realizados trabalhos de intervenção ou tratamento especializado para essa população.
Enfrentamento do pai frente à malformação congênita do filho antes e depois do nascimento
Authors: Silva Elisabeth Hellen Pereira da , Girão Emmanuela Da Rocha Cruz , Cunha Ana Cristina Barros da
Published: May 2019

Todo casal idealiza um filho saudável, o que não ocorre quando existe uma malformação congênita. Poucos estudos consideram as expectativas e enfrentamento paternos diante da malformação de seu filho, objetivo deste estudo. Investigaram-se possíveis diferenças em indicadores de depressão e modos de enfrentamento em 12 pais divididos em dois grupos: grávidos e com filhos entre 3 e 5 anos. O diagnóstico da malformação ocorreu durante a gravidez de suas mulheres, atendidas em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro. Foram utilizados o Questionário "Momento da Notícia", o Inventário de Depressão (BDI) das Escalas Beck e a Escala Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas (EMEP). No total dos pais, constatou-se que 66,7 % recebeu o diagnóstico por médicos, considerando a comunicação do diagnóstico como positiva. Observou-se que 75% dos pais reagiram negativamente, ainda que as repercussões da malformação para o casal tenham sido avaliadas como positiva por 83, 33% do total de pais. Sentimentos negativos, como tristeza, foram relatados por todos os pais, ainda que 91,2% dos pais de ambos os grupos apresentaram sinais mínimos de depressão. O enfrentamento mais prevalente pela EMEP para ambos os grupos foi o "Focalizado no Problema", seguido de "Busca de práticas religiosas". Embora sem diferenças entre os grupos, conclui-se que a malformação do filho representa impacto emocional no enfrentamento paterno.
Manejo do dinheiro pelo casal e infidelidade financeira
Authors: Harth Jeniffer , Mosmann Clarisse Pereira , Falcke Denise
Published: May 2019

O manejo do dinheiro constitui-se como um dos principais motivos de conflito conjugal. Dessa forma, esse artigo teve como objetivo investigar o manejo do dinheiro pelo casal e as situações de infidelidade financeira. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo com delineamento descritivo, comparativo e correlacional. Participaram 143 casais, casados oficialmente ou morando juntos, entre 19 e 81 anos. Aplicou-se dois questionários, um sociodemográfico e um sobre manejo do dinheiro. Foram feitas análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. Os resultados revelaram que 58% utiliza o sistema de gestão compartilhada do dinheiro. A maioria (93,5%) afirma nunca ter cometido situações de infidelidade financeira. Ao contrário de estudos prévios, não foram evidentes conflitos significativos em relação ao manejo do dinheiro e sim associação entre infidelidade financeira e renda do casal.
História da psicologia: indivíduos, instituições e institucionalizações
Authors: Mota Ana Maria Del Grossi Ferreira , Cara Bianca Dos Santos , Miranda Rodrigo Lopes
Published: May 2019

Jacó-Vilela, A. M., & Portugal, F. T. (Org.). (2014). Clio – Psyché: Instituições, Histórias, Psicologia. Rio de Janeiro: Outras Letras. 324p.
Os psicólogos na assistência social: indícios de sua presença pré-SUAS
Authors: Oliveira Nívia Lúcia de Andrade , Oliveira Isabel Fernandes de
Published: May 2019

Os psicólogos foram inseridos oficialmente na Assistência Social, através do marco regulatório Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS), a partir de 2004. Entretanto, há registros esparsos indicando sua presença no campo assistencial antes desse período, mas tal inserção não foi sistematizada na literatura PSI. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar quais foram os serviços da Assistência Social que contavam com a presença do psicólogo no período de 1972-2003 em Natal/RN. Justifica-se esta delimitação temporal por Natal só ter psicólogo a partir do ano de 1972, e 2003 ser o ano imediatamente anterior ao do marco regulatório. É uma pesquisa de caráter documental, na qual foram consultadas 86 monografias que versam sobre os serviços da Assistência Social em Natal/RN, a fim de localizar a presença do psicólogo em tais serviços. Os resultados apontam para a inserção desse profissional em três áreas principais: excepcionalidade infantil, questão do “menor” e crianças e adolescentes em vulnerabilidade social.
O "olhar preconceituoso": Representações sociais sobre fotografias nas redes sociais
Authors: Koelzer Larissa Papaleo , Castro Amanda , Bousfield Andréa Barbará S. , Camargo Brigido Vizeu
Published: May 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar comentários na internet oriundos de uma reportagem online envolvendo fotografias. As fotos apresentam uma mulher obesa, loira e branca, realizando diversas atividades em lugares públicos. As fotos destacam o olhar das pessoas que observam as ações desta mulher, sendo que nessa reportagem online tais olhares são associados à expressão de preconceito. Foram analisados 172 comentários online, dentre os quais 50% pertenciam a pessoas do sexo masculino. Cada comentário poderia ser classificado por outros internautas como positivo e 78% dos comentários postados foram positivados pelos participantes. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise lexical de conjuntos de segmentos de texto, na qual os comentários foram submetidos a uma Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) realizada pelo programa informático Iramuteq. As classes geradas após a análise apresentam elementos que indicam a atuação das normas sociais, por meio da atribuição de uma representação a outro, o que caracteriza a zona muda, por adequação à norma antidiscriminatória ou atribuição do preconceito justificado na ação do indivíduo alvo de discriminação. Desse modo, os resultados evidenciados pela CHD denotam que a obesidade parece ocupar espaço na zona muda nas representações sobre o "olhar preconceituoso".
Fatores de risco na vida de adolescentes portugueses em conflito com a lei
Authors: Sehn Amanda Schöffel , Porta Daniele Dalla , Santos Samara Silva dos , Dias Ana Cristina Garcia
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar variáveis, as quais poderão constituir-se como fator de risco para adolescentes que cumprem medida tutelar educativa. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado o Questionário da Juventude Brasileira (Versão Fase II), o qual foi aplicado em 33 adolescentes que cumpriam medida tutelar educativa nos regimes aberto, semiaberto e fechado, em um centro educativo português. A partir de estatísticas descritivas, foi possível identificar as interações dos fatores individuais e contextuais que se constituem como risco para a prática infracional. Destacam-se como risco as práticas parentais ineficazes, o consumo de substâncias lícitas e ilícitas, bem como as fragilidades no contexto escolar. Nesse sentido, aponta-se para a importância de estratégias e de intervenções que potencializem os fatores de proteção e o desenvolvimento saudável dos adolescentes.
Dinâmica de classes no acirramento da crise mundial do capitalismo: lutas de resistência das classes subalternas no enfrentamento de alternativas capitalistas no Brasil contemporâneo | Class dynamics in the escalation of the world crisis of capitalism: the struggle of subaltern classes in the confrontation of capitalist alternatives in contemporary Brazil
Authors: Cardoso Franci Gomes
Published: May 2019

O artigo expõe uma reconstrução histórico-conceitual, utilizando categorias ontológicas e intelectivas já utilizadas em pesquisas realizadas durante trajetória acadêmica, a partir de tese de doutoramento. Tal reconstrução tem sua centralidade nas “lutas de resistência das classes subalternas às alternativas capitalistas no Brasil contemporâneo”, mediadas por outras categorias que lhe dão materialidade e dinamismo: ideologia e hegemonia. Com interesse de análise centrado na política, o estudo parte das seguintes premissas, inspiradas no pensamento gramsciano: 1 – a ideologia tem papel ativo em processos históricos determinados e se realiza resultando do movimento da estrutura social; 2 – na dinâmica de classes, no capitalismo, é exigência histórica do processo de transformação social a ruptura, pelas classes subalternas, com a ideologia dominante e a construção de uma concepção de mundo própria como base de ações vitais; 3 – as lutas sociais que se inserem na sociedade capitalista são determinadas pela dinâmica da realidade social, como totalidade histórica. Essas premissas constituem os eixos condutores para a reconstrução do objeto deste estudo.Palavras-Chave: lutas de resistência; classes subalternas; alternativas capitalistas; ideologia e hegemonia. Abstract – The article exposes a historical-conceptual reconstruction, using ontological and intellectual categories already used in research carried out during my doctoral thesis. This reconstruction has as its center the “struggle of subaltern classes to capitalist alternatives in contemporary Brazil,” mediated by other categories that give it materiality and dynamism: ideology and hegemony. This study’sanalytical focus lies in politics, and it is based on the following premises, inspired by Gramscian thought: 1 – ideology plays an active role in determined historical processes and is carried out as a result of the movement of social structures; 2 – in the dynamics of classes, in capitalism, the process of social transformation demands both the rupture with the dominant ideology by subaltern classesand the construction ofits own world notion as the basis of vital actions; 3 – social struggles that are part of capitalist society are determined by the dynamics of social reality as a historical totality. These premises are the guiding axes for the reconstruction of the object of this study.Keywords: resistance movements; subaltern classes; capitalist alternatives; ideologyand hegemony.
Circle of love
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: May 2019

A video-based early intervention programme called Circle of Security Parenting is boosting attachment between parents and children, discovers Annette Rawstrone
provision: Is childcare working?
Authors: Calder Pamela
Published: May 2019

How much childcare is available for mothers who work full-time? Pamela Calder, former chair of the Early Childhood Studies Degrees Network and who campaigned in the 70s for better access to childcare, asks whether things have improved
HULT, Karin, Theodore Metochites on Ancient Authors and Philosophy - Semeioseis gnomikai 27-60, A Critical Edition with Introduction, Translation, Notes, and Indexes. 306 pp., Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2016, ISBN: 978-91-7346-889-3
Authors: Monteiro Miguel
Published: May 2019

Recensão
RODRIGUES JUNIOR, F.; Battistin Sebastiani, Br.; Costa e Silva, B., (Orgs.), Estudos de Poesia e Prosa Helenística, São Paulo, Humanitas, 2017, 202 pp. ISBN: 978-85-7732-342-5
Authors: Pereira Virgínia Soares
Published: May 2019

Recensão
A trilogia de Tróia de João de Castro Osório: uma reescrita nietzscheana do mito de Helena
Authors: Fialho Maria Do Céu
Published: May 2019

Esta produção de João de Castro Osório tem o alto valor documental de atestar uma presença única: a influência, no teatro português, do eixo Nietzsche / Wagner, num contexto ideológico esperado. Ele constitui o único caso de composição de trilogias dramáticas em Portugal. O teatro de Castro Osório é marcado por um forte componente da retórica ultra-romântica, o que torna difícil a sua encenação. De acordo com a classificação do autor, trata-se de um “Poema dramático”. Se o acontecimento motivador mais próximo de sua composição fosse, talvez, a Guerra Colonial e a defesa da manutenção das colónias, evocando o glorioso passado de Portugal, ao romper os mares e conquistar terras distantes, rapidamente, em toda a Trilogia de Tróia, o autor se demarca desta referência histórica para vôos mais elevados, no seu imaginário estético sobre o mito de Tróia e o seu tratamento épico-homérico. Nas três peças - Helena, Aquiles, Apoteose - a evolução da acção chega a um fim inesperado: o par amoroso Aquiles e Helena caminha, cada vez mais alto, através das chamas da Acrópole de Troia, até uma apoteose: os Deuses de medo são derrotados pelo heróis, em quem a verdadeira Divindade habita – é que o homem heróico é demasiado grande para ser destruído. A Morte e a Vida constituem as duas faces da mesma realidade: a imortalidade.
CASO POLINATO: A INOVAÇÃO COMO DIFERENCIAL, A RENTABILIDADE COMO DESAFIO
Authors: Fachinelli Flávio , Fachinelli Ana Cristina , D´Arrigo Fernanda Pauletto
Published: May 2019

O caso apresenta a trajetória da Polinato empresa líder no segmento de formulação de poliuretanos e sua capacidade de desenvolvimento de produtos inovadores e customizados. A inovação é a estratégia que mantém a empresa na liderança. Todavia a rentabilidade decorrente das inovações está aquém da esperada. Para manter e refinar a capacidade inovadora com rentabilidade foi aprovado um recente Projeto de Pesquisa de Desenvolvimento do qual decorrem implicações consideráveis. O objetivo desse caso para ensino é promover a reflexão e discussão sobre estratégia, competitividade e inovação. O caso foi elaborado para utilização em disciplinas relacionadas à inovação, estratégia e empreendedorismo.