bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The academic impact of the triological society theses—Mosher and fowler awards: Citations, impact factor, and h‐index
Authors: Badran Karam W. , Lahham Sari , Mahboubi Hossein , Crumley Roger L. , Wong Brian J.F.
Published: May 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

The Triological Society requires thesis submission for full membership. Accepted theses (AT) may be recognized with designations of: Mosher Awards (MA), Fowler Awards (FA), Honorable Mention for Basic Science (HMBS), and Honorable Mention for Clinical Science (HMCS). We sought to determine and compare the scholarly impact of Triological Society theses, their authors, and whether differences exist between AT and those that receive special recognition.

Study Design

Retrospective analysis of awards and theses compiled by The Triological Society home office from 1998 to 2011.

Methods

Thomson Reuters' Integrated Search Interface (ISI) Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar and were used to determine citations and the author's h‐index. Trend and statistical analysis was performed.

Results

Of the 307 Triological Society theses examined, 275 were published and had record of citation. H‐indices and number of citations were found to be nonparametric; thus, median and quartile (1st−3rd quartiles) values were found to be the following: AT 11 (4–26), MA 18 (9–25), FA 6 (1–28), HMBS 11 (4–26), and HMCS 16 (1–28) for number of citations per published thesis. H‐indices of authors with accepted theses were AT 15 (10–19), MA 16 (15–23), FA 18 (10–23), HMBS 16 (11–19), and HMCS 15 (11–21). When comparing all groupings of theses and award winners with bibliometric indices, no statistical significance was found (P >0.5).

Conclusions

The Triological Society cultivates a competitive pool of applicants as membership is highly regarded. Negligible difference in citations and author h‐index were observed between AT, MA, and FA theses indicated that the level of excellence is uniform, and thesis submission remains influential and prestigious.

Level of Evidence

N/A. Laryngoscope, 123:2654–2657, 2013
Colorimetric and Fluorometric Detection of Neomycin Based on Conjugated Polydiacetylene Supramolecules
Authors: Zhou Guodong , Wang Fang , Wang Huilin , Kambam Srinivasulu , Chen Xiaoqiang
Published: May 2013

Utilizing the colorimetric and fluorogenic changes, a system based on polydiacetylenes (PDAs) is developed for the detection of neomycin. The PDA supramolecules polymerized from the mixed liposome composed of N‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)pentacosa‐10,12‐diynamide (PCDA‐AP) and pentacosa‐10,12‐diynoic acid (PCDA) at an optimized ratio of 1:9 display a unique colorimetric change (blue to red) and fluorescent enhancement in the presence of neomycin. The detection limit for neomycin is estimated to be 2.55 × 10−7 M by the fluorogenic method. The optical changes induced by neomycin can be attributed to the disruption of the hydrogen bonding between phenol and carboxylic acid from PCDA‐AP and PCDA.

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Design of Degradable Click Delivery Systems
Authors: Such Georgina K. , Gunawan Sylvia T. , Liang Kang , Caruso Frank
Published: May 2013

Click chemistry has had a significant impact in the field of materials science over the last 10 years, as it has enabled the design of new hybrid building blocks, leading to multifunctional and responsive materials. One key application for such materials is in the biomedical field, such as gene or drug delivery. However, to meet the functional requirements of such applications, tailored degradability of these materials under biological conditions is critical. There has been an increasing interest in combining click chemistry techniques with a range of degradable or responsive building blocks as well as investigating new or milder chemistries to design click delivery systems that are capable of physiologically relevant degradation. This Feature Article will cover some of the different approaches to synthesize degradable click delivery systems and their investigation for therapeutic release.

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On the Importance of the Principle of Microscopic Reversibility in Copolymerization Systems
Authors: Szymanski Ryszard
Published: May 2013

The importance of taking into account the principle of microscopic reversibility in the analysis of complex copolymerization systems is demonstrated. The analysis of a reversible copolymerization system in which segmental exchange is possible from the point of view of the reaction microreversibility proves that hetero‐reshuffling rate constants depend on homo‐reshuffling rate constants and copolymerization thermodynamics.

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A multimodal imaging analysis of subcortical gray matter in fragile X premutation carriers
Authors: Wang Jun Yi , Hagerman Randi J. , Rivera Susan M.
Published: May 2013

Approximately 40% of males with the fragile X premutation develop fragile X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome after age 50. Although the thalamus and basal ganglia play a crucial role in movement disorders, their involvement in fragile X premutation carriers has not been systematically investigated. The current study characterized structural abnormalities associated with fragile X premutation carriers (with and without fragile X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome) in the thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus using T1‐weighted and diffusion tensor imaging. Male premutation carriers with fragile X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome showed significant volume atrophy and diffusion‐weighted signal loss in all 4 structures compared with the control group. They also exhibited volume atrophy and diffusion‐weighted signal loss in the thalamus and striatum compared with the premutation carriers without fragile X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome. Importantly, many of the measurements exhibited robust correlations with symptom severity, with volume and diffusion‐weighted imaging measurements displaying negative correlations and fractional anisotropy measurements displaying positive correlations. The current study demonstrated involvement of all 4 subcortical gray matter structures in fragile X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome, with significant volume atrophy, and possible iron deposition indicated by the diffusion‐weighted signal loss. The significant correlation between the subcortical measurements and symptom severity suggests the benefits of tracking structural changes in subcortical gray matter in future longitudinal studies for early detection and disease monitoring. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society
ESPIRiT—an eigenvalue approach to autocalibrating parallel MRI: Where SENSE meets GRAPPA
Authors: Uecker Martin , Lai Peng , Murphy Mark J. , Virtue Patrick , Elad Michael , Pauly John M. , Vasanawala Shreyas S. , Lustig Michael
Published: May 2013

Purpose

Parallel imaging allows the reconstruction of images from undersampled multicoil data. The two main approaches are: SENSE, which explicitly uses coil sensitivities, and GRAPPA, which makes use of learned correlations in k‐space. The purpose of this work is to clarify their relationship and to develop and evaluate an improved algorithm.

Theory and Methods

A theoretical analysis shows: (1) The correlations in k‐space are encoded in the null space of a calibration matrix. (2) Both approaches restrict the solution to a subspace spanned by the sensitivities. (3) The sensitivities appear as the main eigenvector of a reconstruction operator computed from the null space. The basic assumptions and the quality of the sensitivity maps are evaluated in experimental examples. The appearance of additional eigenvectors motivates an extended SENSE reconstruction with multiple maps, which is compared to existing methods.

Results

The existence of a null space and the high quality of the extracted sensitivities are confirmed. The extended reconstruction combines all advantages of SENSE with robustness to certain errors similar to GRAPPA.

Conclusion

In this article the gap between both approaches is finally bridged. A new autocalibration technique combines the benefits of both. Magn Reson Med 71:990–1001, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Combined saturation/inversion recovery sequences for improved evaluation of scar and diffuse fibrosis in patients with arrhythmia or heart rate variability
Authors: Weingärtner Sebastian , Akçakaya Mehmet , Basha Tamer , Kissinger Kraig V. , Goddu Beth , Berg Sophie , Manning Warren J. , Nezafat Reza
Published: May 2013

Purpose

To develop arrhythmia‐insensitive inversion recovery sequences for improved visualization of myocardial scar and quantification of diffuse fibrosis.

Methods

A novel preparation pre‐pulse, called saturation pulse prepared heart‐rate‐independent inversion recovery, is introduced, which consists of a combination of saturation and inversion pulses to remove the magnetization history in each heartbeat in late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging and eliminate the need for rest periods in T1 mapping. The proposed LGE and T1 mapping sequences were evaluated against conventional LGE and modified Look‐Locker inversion sequences using numerical simulations, phantom and imaging in healthy subjects and patients with suspected or known cardiovascular disease.

Results

Simulations and phantom experiments show that the saturation pulse prepared heart‐rate‐independent inversion recovery pre‐pulse in LGE reduces ghosting artifacts and results in perfect nulling of the healthy myocardium in the presence of arrhythmia. In T1 mapping, saturation pulse prepared heart‐rate‐independent inversion recovery results in (a) reduced scan time (17 vs. 9 heartbeats), (b) insensitivity to heart rate for long T1, and (c) increased signal homogeneity for short T1. LGE images in a patient in atrial fibrillation during the scan show improved myocardial nulling. In vivo T1 maps demonstrate increased signal homogeneity in blood pools and myocardium.

Conclusion

The proposed sequences are insensitive to heart rate variability, yield improved LGE images in the presence of arrhythmias, as well as T1 mapping with shorter scan times. Magn Reson Med 71:1024–1034, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New echocardiographic techniques in the evaluation of left ventricular function in obesity
Authors: Di Bello Vitantonio , Fabiani Iacopo , Conte Lorenzo , Barletta Valentina , Delle Donne Maria Grazia , Cuono Cucco , Leo Laura Anna , Dini Frank Lloyd , Marzilli Mario , Pinchera Aldo , Santini Ferruccio
Published: May 2013

Objective:

Obesity has reached global epidemic proportions and is associated with numerous comorbidities, including major cardiovascular (CV) diseases.

Design and Methods:

It has many adverse effects on hemodynamics and CV structure and function: it increases total blood volume and cardiac output, and the cardiac workload is greater. Typically, obese patients have a higher cardiac output but a lower level of total peripheral resistance at any given level of arterial pressure. Most of the increase in cardiac output in obesity is caused by stroke volume, although heart rate typically mildly increases also due to enhanced sympathetic activation.

Results:

Over the last few years, experimental investigations have unraveled some important pathogenetic mechanisms that may underlie a specific form of “obesity cardiomyopathy.” Bariatric surgery represents an effective alternative to treat obesity when nonsurgical weight loss programs (diet + behavior modifications + regular exercise) have failed. A great numbers of questions are still open in the global comprehension of the pathophysiological interactions between obesity and heart.

Conclusion:

Conventional two‐dimensional Doppler echocardiography, integrated by relative new technological ultrasonic approaches, represents the reference technique to study and possibly clarify both the very complex hemodynamic changes induced by obesity and those relative to obesity treatment.
Small‐platelet thrombocytopenia in a family with autosomal recessive inheritance pattern
Authors: Levin Carina , Zalman Lucia , Tamary Hannah , Krasnov Tanya , Khayat Morad , Shalev Stavit , Salama Ihsan , Koren Ariel
Published: May 2013

We describe the clinical and laboratory features of a family of Arab ancestry and consanguinity. Five affected individuals were diagnosed in two sibships. All affected members have small platelets, severe to moderate thrombocytopenia of neonatal onset, increased bleeding tendency and bleeding complications such as: life‐threatening massive hemoperitoneum due to corpus luteum rupture during ovulation and severe mucosal bleeding. The familial involvement and early onset of the disease support the presence of a congenital genetic disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. This does not fit the clinical spectrum of any of the currently known thrombocytopenia disorders. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:E128–E130. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective binding of antimicrobial porphyrins to the heme‐receptor IsdH‐NEAT3 of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Vu Nhuan T. , Moriwaki Yoshitaka , Caaveiro Jose M. M. , Terada Tohru , Tsutsumi Hiroshi , Hamachi Itaru , Shimizu Kentaro , Tsumoto Kouhei
Published: May 2013

The Isd (iron‐regulated surface determinant) system of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the acquisition of heme from the host organism. We recently reported that the extracellular heme receptor IsdH‐NEAT3 captures and transfers noniron antimicrobial porphyrins containing metals in oxidation state (III). However, it is unclear if geometric factors such as the size of the metal (ionic radius) affect binding and transfer of metalloporphyrins. We carried out an ample structural, functional, and thermodynamic analysis of the binding properties of antimicrobial indium(III)‐porphyrin, which bears a much larger metal ion than the iron(III) of the natural ligand heme. The results demonstrate that the NEAT3 receptor recognizes the In(III)‐containing PPIX in a manner very similar to that of heme. Site‐directed mutagenesis identifies Tyr642 as the central element in the recognition mechanism as suggested from the crystal structures. Importantly, the NEAT3 receptor possesses the remarkable ability to capture dimers of metalloporphyrin. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that IsdH‐NEAT3 does not require conformational changes, or large rearrangements of the residues within its binding site, to accommodate the much larger (heme)2 ligand. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design of potent inhibitors against this family of key receptors of S. aureus.
Preliminary XAS investigations on some phases of the Cu‐Sn‐S system
Authors: Di Benedetto Francesco , d'Acapito Francesco , Bencistà Ilaria , Luca Antonio De , Fornaciai Gabriele , Frizzera Silvia , Innocenti Massimo , Montegrossi Giordano , Pardi Luca A. , Romanelli Maurizio
Published: May 2013

X‐ray absorption spectroscopy investigation has been carried out at the Cu K edge on synthetic materials belonging to the ternary Cu‐Sn‐S system. In particular, Cu3SnS4 nanocrystalline powders, obtained through a solvothermal approach, and Cu4SnS4 microcrystalline powders, obtained through standard solid state reactions, were investigated.

From the XANES spectra, Cu is confirmed to be monovalent in both samples, thus implying a complex mechanism to achieve charge balance in Cu3SnS4. In this sample, the Cu‐S EXAFS distance is found surprisingly short, and this suggests that Cu ions could be shifted outside the barycentre of the tetrahedra. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin films prepared by thermal crystallization in S/Se atmosphere and their photovoltaic applications
Authors: Yamaguchi T. , Oka Y. , Niiyama S. , Imanishi T.
Published: May 2013

Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin films were prepared by annealing the Cu/Sn/Zn precursors in sulfur/selenium mixing atmosphere. From EPMA analysis, the S/(S+Se) mole ratio in the thin films increased with increasing the S/(S+Se) mole ratio in the sealed ampoule. XRD study showed that the thin films had a kesterite phase in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 and the a‐ and c‐axis constants decreased with increasing the S/(S+Se) mole ratio in the thin films, following the usual linear Vegard behavior. Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin film solar cells annealed in S/Se atmosphere with an addition of Sn demonstrated Voc=460 mV, Isc=6.99 mA/cm2 and Voc=605 mV, Isc=5.53 mA/cm2. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
First principles calculations of electronic structures for orthorhombic and monoclinic Cu4SnS4
Authors: Goto Yosuke , Kamihara Yoichi , Matoba Masanori
Published: May 2013

Electronic structures of orthorhombic and monoclinic Cu4SnS4, which exhibit a first‐order phase transition at 232 K, are demonstrated based on the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of the density functional theory (DFT). The calculated band gap was 0.39 eV for orthorhombic phase, while that was not obtained for monoclinic one. These calculated results confirm monoclinic phase has smaller activation energy (Ea) than orthorhombic phase. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic properties of shandite‐type Co3Sn2S2‐xSex
Authors: Sakai Yuki , Kamihara Yoichi , Matoba Masanori
Published: May 2013

We investigated the magnetic properties of polycrystalline Co3Sn2S2‐xSex (0≤x ≤1.2) to ascertain the magnetism of the metallic ferromagnet Co3Sn2S2. In Co3Sn2S2‐xSex, TC and magnetization gradually decrease with increasing x, but there is no magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic throughout the full range of composition. These results indicate that Se substitution effect on magnetism is small compared with In and Ni substitution. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
ESR study of Ce3+ ions in a CaGa2S4 single crystal
Authors: Kitajima Ittetsu , Takizawa Takeo , Hidaka Chiharu , Nomura Shigetaka
Published: May 2013

ESR measurements have been carried out to determine the local environment and the ground state of Ce3+ ions in the orthorhombic CaGa2S4 at 4.2 K. More than 30 ESR lines are observed with almost the same angular dependence. The local symmetry and the anisotropic g ‐tensor for the four strongest ESR signals indicate that Ce3+ ions substitute the three independent Ca sites. A part of Ce3+ ions at the Ca2+ sites and a neighbouring sulphur vacancy are expected to form complex centers in view of the other weak ESR lines observed. The ground state of Ce3+ in the host lattice is shown to consist of mostly ϕ±1/2 by fitting the ESR spectra using the spin Hamiltonian. The upper 2F7/2 state is thought to be slightly mixed into the ground state 2F5/2 judging from a small difference in the fitting. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Trap levels in CaGa2S4 co‐doped with Eu and rare earth elements
Authors: Hidaka Chiharu , Takizawa Takeo
Published: May 2013

Long afterglows are observed in the case of co‐doping CaGa2S4 with Eu and one of the other rare earth elements (REEs). Thermoluminescence spectra of these compounds have been measured in order to determine their trap depths. Photoluminescence spectra and decay curves have been also observed. The emission intensities, decay times and trap depths are shown as a function of the f‐electron number of REEs, and the correlation between these properties and the 4f and 5d levels of divalent and trivalent REEs in the band structure of CaGa2S4 is discussed. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical and electrical characterization of transparent Ga‐doped ZnO thin films grown by atmospheric spray pyrolysis using diethylzinc solution
Authors: Oshima Minoru , Ide Akiko , Mochihara Akiko , Yoshino Kenji , Tanikemoto Yujin , Toyota Kouji , Inaba Koichiro , Haga Ken‐ichi , Naka Toshio , Tokudome Koichi
Published: May 2013

Non‐doped and Ga‐doped ZnO film on glass substrate were successfully grown at 150 °C by conventional atmospheric spray pyrolysis using diethylzinc‐based solution. The samples had an average optical transmittance of more than 80% and were strongly a‐axis orientated according to the results of optical transmittance and X‐ray diffraction analysis, respectively. The n‐type Ga‐doped ZnO films had a low resistivity of 2.3 × 10–3 Ωcm, a carrier concentration of 1.1 × 1020 cm–3 and a mobility of 10 cm2 (Vs)–1 at an optimal Ga content of 2 at% upon UV irradiation. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Liposomal Encapsulation of a Near‐Infrared Fluorophore Enhances Fluorescence Quenching and Reliable Whole Body Optical Imaging Upon Activation In Vivo
Authors: Tansi Felista L. , Rüger Ronny , Rabenhold Markus , Steiniger Frank , Fahr Alfred , Kaiser Werner A. , Hilger Ingrid
Published: May 2013

In the past decade, there has been significant progress in the development of water soluble near‐infrared fluorochromes for use in a wide range of imaging applications. Fluorochromes with high photo and thermal stability, sensitivity, adequate pharmacological properties and absorption/emission maxima within the near infrared window (650–900 nm) are highly desired for in vivo imaging, since biological tissues show very low absorption and auto‐fluorescence at this spectrum window. Taking these properties into consideration, a myriad of promising near infrared fluorescent probes has been developed recently. However, a hallmark of most of these probes is a rapid clearance in vivo, which hampers their application. It is hypothesized that encapsulation of the near infrared fluorescent dye DY‐676‐COOH, which undergoes fluorescence quenching at high concentrations, in the aqueous interior of liposomes will result in protection and fluorescence quenching, which upon degradation by phagocytes in vivo will lead to fluorescence activation and enable imaging of inflammation. Liposomes prepared with high concentrations of DY‐676‐COOH reveal strong fluorescence quenching. It is demonstrated that the non‐targeted PEGylated fluorescence‐activatable liposomes are taken up predominantly by phagocytosis and degraded in lysosomes. Furthermore, in zymosan‐induced edema models in mice, the liposomes are taken up by monocytes and macrophages which migrate to the sites of inflammation. Opposed to free DY‐676‐COOH, prolonged stability and retention of liposomal‐DY‐676‐COOH is reflected in a significant increase in fluorescence intensity of edema. Thus, protected delivery and fluorescence quenching make the DY‐676‐COOH‐loaded liposomes a highly promising contrast agent for in vivo optical imaging of inflammatory diseases.
Ammonium and Guanidinium Dendron–Carbon Nanotubes by Amidation and Click Chemistry and their Use for siRNA Delivery
Authors: Battigelli Alessia , Wang Julie Tzu‐Wen , Russier Julie , Da Ros Tatiana , Kostarelos Kostas , Al‐Jamal Khuloud T. , Prato Maurizio , Bianco Alberto
Published: May 2013

A series of multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) conjugates is described, functionalized with different dendrons bearing positive charges at their termini (i.e. ammonium or guanidinium groups). The dendrimeric units are anchored to the nanotube scaffolds using two orthogonal synthetic approaches, amidation and click reactions. The final nanohybrids are characterized by complementary analytical techniques, while their ability to interact with siRNA is investigated by means of agarose gel electrophoresis. The demonstration of the cell uptake capacity, the low cytotoxicity, and the ability of these cationic conjugates to silence cytotoxic genes suggests them to be promising carriers for genetic material.
One Dy I Kud Not Red a Book Bot Naw I Can: One English Learner's Progress
Authors: Amendum Steve , Amendum Emily , Almond Pamela
Published: May 2013

This article describes a year‐long reading intervention with a first‐grade English‐learner who began the year as a non‐reader. Systematic instruction from a literacy specialist and her classroom teacher included familiar re‐reading, word study, and teacher‐guided reading with carefully matched texts, within the context of English language and vocabulary development. Intervention instruction facilitated this young English learner's grade‐level achievement by the end of the school year. Intervention strategies, intensity, and the student's progress are described.
Prediction of the saturated hydraulic conductivity from Brooks and Corey's water retention parameters
Authors: Nasta Paolo , Vrugt Jasper A. , Romano Nunzio
Published: May 2013

Key Points

Model to predict Ks from the water retention parameters

Treatment of connectivity and tortuosity

Exploitation of the pore‐size distribution through physically based concepts
Coupled stochastic soil moisture simulation‐optimization model of deficit irrigation
Authors: Alizadeh Hosein , Mousavi S. Jamshid
Published: May 2013

This study presents an explicit stochastic optimization‐simulation model of short‐term deficit irrigation management for large‐scale irrigation districts. The model which is a nonlinear nonconvex program with an economic objective function is built on an agrohydrological simulation component. The simulation component integrates (1) an explicit stochastic model of soil moisture dynamics of the crop‐root zone considering interaction of stochastic rainfall and irrigation with shallow water table effects, (2) a conceptual root zone salt balance model, and 3) the FAO crop yield model. Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, linked to the simulation component, solves the resulting nonconvex program with a significantly better computational performance compared to a Monte Carlo‐based implicit stochastic optimization model. The model has been tested first by applying it in single‐crop irrigation problems through which the effects of the severity of water deficit on the objective function (net benefit), root‐zone water balance, and irrigation water needs have been assessed. Then, the model has been applied in Dasht‐e‐Abbas and Ein‐khosh Fakkeh Irrigation Districts (DAID and EFID) of the Karkheh Basin in southwest of Iran. While the maximum net benefit has been obtained for a stress‐avoidance (SA) irrigation policy, the highest water profitability has been resulted when only about 60% of the water used in the SA policy is applied. The DAID with respectively 33% of total cultivated area and 37% of total applied water has produced only 14% of the total net benefit due to low‐valued crops and adverse soil and shallow water table conditions.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of a New 2D Twofold Interpenetrated Coordination Polymer [Cu(3,4‐pybz)2]n
Authors: Tang Long , Fu Feng , Gao Loujun , Wei Qingbo , Zhang Zhulian , Liu Qirui
Published: May 2013

A new coordination polymer, [Cu(3, 4‐pybz)2]n (1) [3,4‐Hpybz = 3‐pyridin‐4‐yl‐benzoic acid], was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction of CuCl2·2H2O and 3,4‐Hpybz, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, PXRD, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structure determination reveals that 1 exhibits a 2D twofold interpenetrated 4‐connected (4,4) network topology, these 2D layers are further enlarged to form the final 3D supramolecular edifice via aromatic π–π stacking interactions. In addition, the magnetic behavior and thermogravimetric analysis of 1 were also studied.
Synthesis, X‐ray Diffraction Study, and Cytotoxicity of a ­Cationic p‐Cymene Ruthenium Chloro Complex Containing a Chelating Semicarbazone Ligand
Authors: Zhou Quan , Li Peiyuan , Lu Rumei , Qian Quanquan , Lei Xiaolin , Xiao Qi , Huang Shan , Liu Lifeng , Huang Chusheng , Su Wei
Published: May 2013

An organometallic salt composed of a new cationic p‐cymene ruthenium chloro complex containing a chelating benzaldehyde semicarbazone ligand and of the known anionic p‐cymene ruthenium trichloro complex, [(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(bzsc)Cl]+[(η6‐p‐cymene)RuCl3]– (1) (bzsc = benzaldehyde semicarbazone) was synthesized and further characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy HR‐ESI mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The single‐crystal structure of 1 was also determined. The in vitro anticancer activities of the complex was evaluated against three human cancer cell lines (SGC‐7901, BEL‐7404 and CNE‐1), and the IC50 values were 20.7, 71.1 and 42.6 μM, respectively.
An Arabidopsis R2R3‐MYB transcription factor, AtMYB20, negatively regulates type 2C serine/threonine protein phosphatases to enhance salt tolerance
Authors: Cui Mei Hua , Yoo Kyoung Shin , Hyoung Sujin , Nguyen Ha Thi Kim , Kim Yun Young , Kim Hae Jin , Ok Sung Han , Yoo Sang Dong , Shin Jeong Sheop
Published: May 2013

We have characterized the function of a plant R2R3‐MYB transcription factor, Arabidopsis thaliana MYB20 (AtMYB20). Transgenic plants overexpressing AtMYB20 (AtMYB20‐OX) enhanced salt stress tolerance while repression lines (AtMYB20‐SRDX) were more vulnerable to NaCl than wild‐type plants. Following NaCl treatment, the expressions of ABI1, ABI2 and AtPP2CA, which encode type 2C serine/threonine protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) that act as negative regulators in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, were suppressed in AtMYB20‐OX but induced in AtMYB20‐SRDX. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay results revealed that AtMYB20 binds to the promoter regions containing the MYB recognition sequence (TAACTG) and an ACGT core element of ABI1 and AtPP2CA. These findings suggest that AtMYB20 down‐regulates the expression of PP2Cs, the negative regulator of ABA signaling, and enhances salt tolerance.
A Chronology for glacial Lake Agassiz shorelines along Upham's namesake transect
Authors: Lepper Kenneth , Buell Alex W. , Fisher Timothy G. , Lowell Thomas V.
Published: May 2013

Four traditionally recognized strandline complexes in the southern basin of glacial Lake Agassiz are the Herman, Norcross, Tintah and Campbell, whose names correspond to towns in west-central Minnesota that lie on a linear transect defined by the Great Northern railroad grade; the active corridor for commerce at the time when Warren Upham was mapping and naming the shorelines of Lake Agassiz (ca.1880–1895). Because shorelines represent static water planes, their extension around the lake margin establishes time-synchronous lake levels. Transitions between shoreline positions represent significant water-level fluctuations. However, geologic ages have never been obtained from sites near the namesake towns in the vicinity of the southern outlet. Here we report the first geologic ages for Lake Agassiz shorelines obtained at field sites along the namesake transect, and evaluate the emerging chronology in light of other paleoclimate records. Our current work from 11 sampling sites has yielded 16 independent ages. These results combined with a growing OSL age data set for Lake Agassiz's southern basin provide robust age constraints for the Herman, Norcross and Campbell strandlines with averages and standard deviations of 14.1 ± 0.3 ka, 13.6 ± 0.2 ka, and 10.5 ± 0.3 ka, respectively.
Teaching an Adolescent With Autism and Intellectual Disability to Tolerate Routine Medical Examination: Effects of a Behavioral Compliance Training Package
Authors: Cavalari Rachel N. S. , DuBard Melanie , Luiselli James K. , Birtwell Kirstin
Published: May 2013

The present study evaluated graduated exposure and positive reinforcement in a compliance training intervention package with an adolescent female who had autistic disorder, intellectual disability, and long-standing avoidance of routine medical examination. Intervention consisted of slowly introducing her to a 12-step examination hierarchy and reinforcing compliant responding within a changing criterion experimental design. Reinforcement for appropriate alternative behavior and modeling were also components of intervention. A behavioral clinician first implemented procedures that were subsequently generalized to nurses. The participant learned to comfortably tolerate a medical examination that she had resisted for nearly 2 years. We discuss clinical and research implications of the case.
Novel Interventions in Children’s Health Care (NICH): Innovative Treatment for Youth With Complex Medical Conditions
Authors: Harris Michael A. , Spiro Kim , Heywood Matthew , Wagner David V. , Hoehn Dana , Hatten Alyson , Labby David
Published: May 2013

There is a well-known subgroup of children and adolescents with complex medical conditions who have many psychosocial challenges that put them at risk for repeated and, at times, avoidable hospitalizations. Intensive behavioral health interventions that address the multitude of problems associated with complex medical conditions have proven effective in improving adherence to treatment, improving overall psychosocial functioning, and reducing avoidable hospitalizations. Based largely on this research, we adapted and augmented a family-based problem-solving intervention for youth with complex medical conditions who have been repeatedly hospitalized. The intervention involves intensive family based problem solving augmented with care coordination and case management. The intervention is implemented in the family’s home, in the hospital, in the clinic, over e-mail, via video teleconferencing, and by text. To our knowledge, this effort is a first in the application of intensive behavioral health care for youth with complex medical conditions who are repeatedly hospitalized. We describe the theoretical and empirical underpinnings of the intervention, provide a description of the intervention using a case example, and present “lessons learned” from our efforts toward reducing hospitalizations and utilization of services in a population of youth with complex medical conditions who have repeatedly experienced avoidable hospitalizations.
Coulomb blockade in vertical, bandgap engineered silicon nanopillars
Authors: Walavalkar Sameer , Latawiec Pawel , Scherer Axel
Published: May 2013

Vertically oriented, bandgap engineered silicon double tunnel junction nanopillars were fabricated and electrically addressed. The devices were tested at liquid nitrogen and room temperatures. Distinctive staircase steps in current were observed at cryogenic temperatures indicative of the Coulomb blockade effect present in asymmetric double tunnel junction structures. These features disappeared when the device was measured at room temperature.
Quantum transport with two interacting conduction channels
Authors: White Alexander J. , Migliore Agostino , Galperin Michael , Nitzan Abraham
Published: May 2013

The transport properties of a conduction junction model characterized by two mutually coupled channels that strongly differ in their couplings to the leads are investigated. Models of this type describe molecular redox junctions (where a level that is weakly coupled to the leads controls the molecular charge, while a strongly coupled one dominates the molecular conduction), and electron counting devices in which the current in a point contact is sensitive to the charging state of a nearby quantum dot. Here we consider the case where transport in the strongly coupled channel has to be described quantum mechanically (covering the full range between sequential tunneling and co-tunneling), while conduction through the weakly coupled channel is a sequential process that could by itself be described by a simple master equation. We compare the result of a full quantum calculation based on the pseudoparticle non-equilibrium Green function method to that obtained from an approximate mixed quantum-classical calculation, where correlations between the channels are taken into account through either the averaged rates or the averaged energy. We find, for the steady state current, that the approximation based on the averaged rates works well in most of the voltage regime, with marked deviations from the full quantum results only at the threshold for charging the weekly coupled level. These deviations are important for accurate description of the negative differential conduction behavior that often characterizes redox molecular junctions in the neighborhood of this threshold.
Fully quantal calculation of H2 translation-rotation states in (H2)4@51264 clathrate sII inclusion compounds
Authors: Felker Peter M.
Published: May 2013

The quantal translation-rotation (TR) states of the (p-H2)4@51264 and (o-D2)4@51264 hydrate clathrate sII inclusion compounds have been computed by nuclear-orbital/configuration-interaction methods. The model of these compounds in a rigid, high-symmetry 51264 cage is treated in detail. The low-energy TR level structures of both isotopomers within this model are found to consist of states that can be readily described in terms of a small number of single-H2 and double-H2 excitation modes. The use of the high-symmetry results to facilitate the calculation and interpretation of (p-H2)4 and (o-D2)4 TR states in low-symmetry physically realizable 51264 cages is also reported.
Influence of defect reduction and strain relaxation on carrier dynamics in InGaN-based light-emitting diodes on cone-shaped patterned sapphire substrates
Authors: Lee Kyu-Seung , Isnaeni  , Yoo Yang-Seok , Lee Jae-Hoon , Kim Yong-Chun , Cho Yong-Hoon
Published: May 2013

This study investigates optical properties and carrier dynamics of InGaN-based light-emitting diodes grown on cone-shaped patterned sapphire (CSPS) and planar sapphire substrates. Edge-type threading dislocations were dramatically reduced in InGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) on CSPS substrates compared to the case of planar substrates. We observed a smaller Stokes shift and enhanced quantum efficiency for CSPS substrates. From time-resolved optical analysis, we found that the non-radiative (radiative) recombination rate of MQWs on CSPS is lower (higher) than that of MQWs on planar substrates, which is consistent with improved crystal quality (strain relaxation) of the MQWs on CSPS.
Ohmic losses in coaxial resonators with longitudinal inner-outer corrugation
Authors: Shenyong Hou A. , Sheng Yu B. , Hongfu Li C. , Qixiang Zhao D. , Xiang Li E.
Published: May 2013

In this paper, a coaxial resonator with longitudinal inner-outer corrugation is introduced. Its eigen-equation and expression of ohmic losses are derived. Ohmic losses in the cavity are investigated. Results show that ohmic losses in the outer and inner conductors share a similar variation trend, while the former is larger than the later. What's more, changes of the inner and outer slot depth and width induce different variations of ohmic losses on the surface of the inner and outer conductors.
Phase mixing of upper hybrid oscillations in a cold inhomogeneous plasma placed in an inhomogeneous magnetic field
Authors: Sarkar Anwesa , Maity Chandan , Chakrabarti Nikhil
Published: May 2013

We study phase mixing/wave breaking phenomena of upper hybrid modes in a cold inhomogeneous plasma placed in an inhomogeneous magnetic field. Inhomogeneities both in the background ion density and magnetic field profile are treated as periodic in space but independent in time. The Lagrangian fluid description is employed to obtain an exact solution of this fully nonlinear problem. It is demonstrated that the upper hybrid modes, excited by an initial local charge imbalance, break via phase mixing, induced by the inhomogeneities. It is also shown that it is possible to avoid phase mixing in excited upper hybrid oscillations in an inhomogeneous plasma containing a finite amplitude ion density fluctuation. The choice of external magnetic field is shown to have a key role in avoiding phase mixing in such oscillations. The relevance of our investigation regarding the particle acceleration in an inhomogeneous plasma has also been discussed.
Width dependent edge distribution of graphene nanoribbons unzipped from multiwall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Zhong Z. F. , Shen H. L. , Cao R. X. , Sun L. , Li K. P. , Wang X. R. , Ding H. F.
Published: May 2013

We present the width dependent study of edge distribution of graphene nanoribbons unzipped from multi-wall nanotubes. The partial unzipping of the carbon nanotubes yields a mixture of carbon nanotubes and nanoribbons. Comparing atomic resolution images of scanning tunneling microscopy with the lattice of graphene, the edge structures of nanoribbons are identified. Below 10 nm, the edges are closer to armchair type. Above 20 nm, the ribbons prefer to have edges close to zigzag type. In between, a more random distribution of the edges is found. The findings are of potential usages for the edge control in graphene nanoribbon based applications.
Global gyrokinetic simulations of the H-mode tokamak edge pedestal
Authors: Wan Weigang , Parker Scott E. , Chen Yang , Groebner Richard J. , Yan Zheng , Pankin Alexei Y. , Kruger Scott E.
Published: May 2013

Global gyrokinetic simulations of DIII-D H-mode edge pedestal show two types of instabilities may exist approaching the onset of edge localized modes: an intermediate-n, high frequency mode which we identify as the “kinetic peeling ballooning mode (KPBM),” and a high-n, low frequency mode. Our previous study [W. Wan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 185004 (2012)] has shown that when the safety factor profile is flattened around the steep pressure gradient region, the high-n mode is clearly kinetic ballooning mode and becomes the dominant instability. Otherwise, the KPBM dominates. Here, the properties of the two instabilities are studied by varying the density and temperature profiles. It is found that the KPBM is destabilized by density and ion temperature gradient, and the high-n mode is mostly destabilized by electron temperature gradient. Nonlinear simulations with the KPBM saturate at high levels. The equilibrium radial electric field (Er) reduces the transport. The effect of the parallel equilibrium current is found to be weak.
Extremely high-pressure generation and compression with laser implosion plasmas
Authors: Shigemori K. , Hironaka Y. , Nagatomo H. , Fujioka S. , Sunahara A. , Kadono T. , Azechi H. , Shimizu K.
Published: May 2013

We have tested a scheme for using laser implosion plasmas to generate pressures in the gigabar (100 TPa) regime. Cone-in-shell targets employed in fast ignition of inertial confinement fusion were irradiated to create a high-pressure source for compression of materials. The imploded plasmas pushed a foil embedded on the tip of a cone. The pressure was estimated from the shock velocity into the material; the shock velocity was obtained from an optical measurement. The measured shock velocity of the foil was above 100 km/s, corresponding to a pressure greater than 1 Gbar.
William Herdman Elliott 1925 - 2012
Authors: Rogers George E.
Published: May 2013

Bill Elliott graduated in Biochemistry at Cambridge and gained his PhD with enzymologist Malcolm Dixon in the Biochemical Laboratories. Following research appointments at Harvard, Oxford and the Australian National University, he became Professor of Biochemistry at the University of Adelaide in 1965. He was an outstanding scholar and stimulating teacher who profoundly influenced the lives of students and staff of his Adelaide department. Early in his career he made important contributions to the understanding of enzyme reactions driven by phosphoryl group transfer from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and discovered the glutamine synthetase enzymes in plant and animal tissues that utilize that mechanism. He later worked on mechanisms of enzyme secretion by certain microorganisms, before turning to the biochemical mechanisms of porphyrin synthesis that lead to the formation of haem and thence haemoglobin, research that he pursued for the rest of his academic life.
Frank John Fenner 1914 - 2010
Authors: Boyden Stephen , Blanden Robert , Mims Cedric
Published: May 2013

Frank Fenner made major contributions to our understanding of viruses through his research on ectromelia and on the co-evolution of the myxoma virus and its rabbit host. Then in later life he applied his formidable administrative skills to promoting the study of the environment as the first Director of the Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies at the Australian National University. Fenner was a key member of the World Health Organization team behind the eradication of smallpox. He made a very impressive contribution to the literature in microbiology and his textbooks on virology are used throughout the world.
From state care to self-care: cancer screening behaviours among Russian-speaking Australian women
Authors: Team Victoria , Manderson Lenore H. , Markovic Milica
Published: May 2013

In this article, we report on a small qualitative scale study with immigrant Russian-speaking Australian women, carers of dependent family members. Drawing on in-depth interviews, we explore women’s health-related behaviours, in particular their participation in breast and cervical cancer screening. Differences in preventive health care policies in country of origin and Australia explain their poor participation in cancer screening. Our participants had grown up in the former Soviet Union, where health checks were compulsory but where advice about frequency and timing was the responsibility of doctors. Following migration, women continued to believe that the responsibility for checks was their doctor’s, and they maintained that, compared with their experience of preventive medicine in the former Soviet Union, Australian practice was poor. Women argued that if reproductive health screening were important in cancer prevention, then health care providers would take a lead role to ensure that all women participated. Data suggest how women’s participation in screening may be improved.
Associations between family history of cardiovascular disease, knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk factors and health behaviours
Authors: Sud Rishi , Roy Bapti , Emerson Jonathan , Hennessy Annemarie
Published: May 2013

The objective of the study was to examine associations between family history of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD), knowledge of CVD risk and protective factors, and health behaviours. The design was via administration of a questionnaire to 307 participants from four general practice centre waiting rooms in the Sydney West area. The most recognised CVD risk factor was smoking (97.7%) and the most recognised CVD protective factor was omega-3 fatty acids (78.5%). After adjustment for age, sex, education attainment and personal history of CVD, a strong family history of premature CVD was associated with being more likely to interpret a blood pressure of 130/85 as a CVD risk factor (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.07–7.14), but less likely to identify being an ex-smoker (compared with never having smoked before) as a risk factor (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.12–0.90). Those with a strong family history of premature CVD, on average, had smoked 0.82 pack years more than those with an average family history of premature CVD (s.e. 4.22, P = 0.04). In conclusion, there continues to be both strengths and deficits in the community’s overall knowledge of CVD risk and protective factors, and a strong family history of premature CVD appears to be an independent risk factor for smoking.