bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEOREMA REPRESENTASI RIESZ–FRECHET PADA RUANG HILBERT
Authors: Talakua Mozart W. , Nanuru Stenly J.
Published: March 2020

Hilbert space is a very important idea of the Davids Hilbert invention. In 1907, Riesz and Fréchet developed one of the theorem in Hilbert space called the Riesz-Fréchet representationtheorem. This research contains some supporting definitions Banach space, pre-Hilbert spaces, Hilbert spaces, the duality of Banach and Riesz-Fréchet representation theorem. On Riesz-Fréchet representation theorem will be shown that a continuous linear functional that exist in the Hilbert space is an inner product, in other words, there is no continuous linear functional on a Hilbert space except the inner product.
PEMODELAN STATISTICAL DOWNSCALLING DENGAN PENDEKATAN REGRESI BAYES ROBUST PCA (STUDI KASUS : DATA GCM STASIUN AMBON)
Authors: Kondolembang Ferry
Published: March 2020

Masalah mendasar dari prediksi prediksi model curah hujan adalah keakuratan model berdasarkan proses stokhastik skala global maupun skala kecil. Statistical Downscalling(SD) merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. SD adalah model yang menghubungkan skala global GCM dengan skala yang lebih kecil (lokal) dengan jalanpra-pemrosesan .reduksi dimensi domain grid untuk mengatasi kasus multikolinearitas. Metode reduksi dimensi yang serikali digunakan adalah Principal Component Analysis(PCA). Namun PCA tidak dapat diandalkan jika ada pengamatan outlier dalam data, sehingga diperlukan reduksi dimensi yang robust. Reduksi dimensi robust menggunakanRobust Principal Component Analysis (ROBPCA) dengan estimator robust MCD. Dari hasil reduksi dimensi domain grid tersebut selanjutnya diregresikan dengan variabel responberupa data curah hujan di stasiun Ambon dengan pendekatan regresi Bayes. Pendekatan regresi Bayes ROBUST PCA menjadi salah satu alternatif pada pemodelan SD. HasilPenelitian menunjukkan Metode regresi Bayes ROBPCA cenderung lebih baik pada domain 8x8 dilihat pada kriteria kebaikan model RMSE terkecil yaitu 231,4 dan R-Squareterbesar 38,1% dibandingkan domain 3x3 dan domain 12x12
DIAGRAM UNIFIED MODELLING LANGUAGE UNTUK MEMODELKAN LAYANAN AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE DENGAN PETRI NET
Authors: Rahakbauw Dorteus L.
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini menguraikan suatu aplikasi yang mungkin dari Petri net untuk menspesifikasikan dinamika dari sistem informasi. Petri net adalah suatu alat matematik yang menerapkan spesifikasi formal dari dinamika sistim. Suatu prosedur yang formal disarankan karena mampu mentransformasi diagram kegiatan Unified Modeling Language (UML) ke dalam suatu model Petri net. Atas dasar perubahan bentuk ini dimungkinkan untuk memenuhi verifikasi model dinamis dari sistim riil, yaitu untuk mengevaluasi apakah aktivitas dan ordernya terdefinisi dengan baik (well defined). Ini juga mungkin untuk memecahkan permasalahan alur dan sinkronisasi aktivitas suatu sistim, seperti juga untuk mengoptimalkan model dinamis. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana memodelkan layanan ATM dengan berdasar pada diagram aktivasi UML (Unified Modelling Language) dan bagaimana memodelkan layanan ATM (Automated Teller Machine) dengan menggunakan Petri Nets. Dihasilkan 49 Transisi dan 26 place untuk menggambarkan kedinamikan suatu ATM.
MODEL REGRESI RIDGE UNTUK MENGATASI MODEL REGRESI LINIER BERGANDA YANG MENGANDUNG MULTIKOLINIERITAS
Authors: Wasilaine Trifena L. , Talakua Mozart W. , Lesnussa Yopi A.
Published: March 2020

Model Regresi Linier Berganda merupakan sebuah model yang digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antar variabel. Hubungan tersebut dapat diekspresikan dalam bentuk persamaan yang menghubungkan variabel terikat (Y) dengan beberapa variabel bebas (X). Jika adanya hubungan linier yang sempurna atau pasti diantara beberapa atau semua variabel bebas dari model Regresi Berganda disebut Multikolinieritas. Jika korelasi antara dua atau lebih variabel bebas dalam suatu persamaan regresi linier berganda ini terjadi maka taksiran koefisien dari variabel yang bersangkutan tidak lagi tunggal melainkan tidak terhingga banyaknya sehingga tidak mungkin lagi menduganya. Dalam kasus ini peneliti akan melihat hubungan antara variabel-variabelnya. Apabila terdapat hubungan antara variabel-variabel bebasnya. Maka akan diterapkan metode Regresi Ridge untuk menstabilkan nilai koefisien regresi karena adanya Multikolinieritas. Regresi Ridge merupakan metode estimasi koefisien regresi yang diperoleh melalui penambahan konstanta bias 𝑐 pada diagonal 𝑋𝑇𝑋. Sehingga diperoleh persamaan regresi linier yang baru dan tidak mengandung multikolinieritas.
ANALISIS SISTEM ANTRIAN PADA BANK MANDIRI CABANG AMBON
Authors: Aulele Salmon N.
Published: March 2020

Antrian adalah suatu garis tunggu dari orang/satuan yang memerlukan pelayanan dari satu atau lebih fasilitas layanan, misalnya antrian pada teller di bank. Pada bank dengan jumlah teller yang sedikit atau tingkat pelayanan yang rendah seringkali mengakibatkan antrian yang panjang di depan teller sehingga nasabah yang akan dilayani menunggu dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan jumlah teller yang optimal pada Bank Mandiri Cabang Ambon dengan menggunakan Model Tingkat Aspirasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah teller yang optimal ialah 4 teller.
SISTEM ORTONORMAL DALAM RUANG HILBERT
Authors: Leleury Zeth A.
Published: March 2020

Hilbert space is one of the important inventions in mathematics. Historically, the theory of Hilbert space originated from David Hilbert’s work on quadratic form in infinitely many variables with their applications to integral equations. This paper contains some definitions such as vector space, normed space and inner product space (also called pre-Hilbert space), and which is important to construct the Hilbert space. The fundamental ideas and results are discussed with special attention given to finite dimensional pre-Hilbert space and some basic propositions of orthonormal systems in Hilbert space. This research found that each finite dimensional pre- Hilbert space is a Hilbert space. We have provided that a finite orthonormal systems in a Hilbert space X is complete if and only if this orthonormal systems is a basis of X.
PEMODELAN HARGA SAHAM INDEKS LQ45 MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI LINIER ROBUST M-ESTIMATOR: HUBER DAN BISQUARE
Authors: Sinay Lexy J. , Talakua Mozart W.
Published: March 2020

Model ordinary least square (OLS) menjadi tidak efisien dan bias jika terdapat pelanggaran asumsi klasik. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya hal tersebut adalah terdapat observasi-observasi yang bersifat ekstrim, dimana observasi-observasi tersebut dapat memberi pengaruh (influence) pada model seperti outlier. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model OLS dari harga saham (PRICE) pada indeks LQ45 berdasarkan faktor-faktor fundamental (PER, EPS, BV, ROE dan DER). Kemudian, menggunakan regresi linier robust M-estimator seperti estimator Huber dan bisquare untuk memodelkan model yang bebas outlier (influence), serta menganalisis dan mengkomparasi hasil pemodelan yang diperoleh menggunakan kedua metode tersebut untuk memperoleh model terbaik. Dengan demikian, metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dan robust M-estimator. Kedua metode ini digunakan untuk menganalisis data harga saham dan faktor-faktor fundamental indeks LQ45 pada periode Februari 2014. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah model M-estimator yakni estimator Huber dan bisquare dapat mengatasi masalah masalah outlier (influence) dan multikolinearitas pada model OLS. Dengan demikian, model regresi linear robust M-estimator dengan pembobot Huber dan bisquare lebih baik dibandingkan model OLS. Hasil perbandingan model Huber dan bisquare berdasarkan nilai-nilai kebaikan model diperoleh bahwa model bisquare lebih baik dibandingkan model Huber. Kemudian, hasil interpretasi model bisquare diperoleh bahwa PER, EPS, BV dan ROE memberi kontribusi positif terhadap harga saham (PRICE) indeks LQ45, sedangkan DER memberi kontribusi negatif terhadap harga saham (PRICE) indeks LQ45.
LA FORMACIÓN DEL PROFESORADO Y LA IMPORTANCIA DE LAS COMPETENCIAS INTERCULTURALES Y EMOCIONALES DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA ÉTICA
Authors: Vila Merino Eduardo , Cortés González Pablo , Martín Solbes Víctor
Published: March 2020

Creemos necesario trabajar las competencias interculturales y emocionales en la formación del profesorado, ya que las consideramos en continua revisión debido a su complejidad y a los nuevos planteamientos pedagógicos de nuestros tiempos; de este modo, consideramos que las competencias emocionales y las interculturales deben estar presentes en cualquier reflexión educativa que se interese por el desarrollo de las personas. Por otra parte, nuestras sociedades son cada vez más complejas y culturalmente más plurales lo que, sin duda, debe llevarnos a reflexionar sobre la necesidad de articular competencias que mejoren las relaciones de convivencia que nos ayuden a la construcción de una ciudadanía plural y democrática.
ContiTuna: INTERVENCIÓN SOCIOCULTURAL POR MEDIO DE LA PRÁCTICA MUSICAL POPULAR
Authors: Sadio-Ramos Fernando José , Ortiz Molina María Angustias
Published: March 2020

El artículo da cuenta de un Proyecto I&DBP (Investigación & Desarrollo Basado en la Práctica) que tenemos en curso: AlSusCon – Aldea Sostenible: Contribución para el desarrollo local y personal de Contige a través de la recuperación de su patrimonio musical popular. Se trata de un proyecto de intervención sociocultural, capacitadora y dinamizadora, de la población de la aldea de Contige [situada en el Centro de Portugal (Sátão, Viseu)]. A partir de la asignatura de Educación No-Formal con Poblaciones Específicas (ENFPE), de la Titulación de Música, de la Escuela Superior de Educación del Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra (ESE-IPC), y con recurso inicial a Aprendizaje en Servicio (ApS), se viene procediendo a una intervención sociocultural, de la que destacamos dos componentes fundamentales, la creación de una Tuna intergeneracional (ContiTuna) y la realización de un trabajo de recuperación de patrimonio cultural musical popular.
LA VISIÓN DEL CONTEXTO SOCIAL, POLÍTICO Y RELIGIOSO EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA IDENTIDAD SEXUAL: UNA HISTORIA DE VIDA
Authors: Alemán Calvache Javier
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo recopila la información más relevante de un estudio etnográfico, de mayor extensión, sobre el relato biográfico de un varón homosexual en el que se refleja el impacto que ha tenido, a lo largo de su vida, una serie de cambios sociales, políticos y religiosos. La finalidad de la investigación es captar la visión generacional de una persona homosexual en las distintas etapas de su vida. Se ha empleado una metodología cualitativa, siguiendo el paradigma interpretativo, cuyo diseño está centrado en la transcripción y elaboración de un informe que recoge eventos narrados, en primera persona, desde la infancia a la actualidad. La muestra está compuesta por un hombre nacido en los años cincuenta en la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla. El criterio seguido fue la voluntariedad e interés del sujeto en participar en la investigación. Como instrumentos se tuvieron en cuenta la entrevista estructurada abierta, la observación indirecta, un diario de campo y la triangulación de datos con la hermana menor del sujeto participante. Por medio de la información que se ha recopilado, los resultados del estudio inciden en la influencia que ha tenido la dictadura franquista y la religión católica en la configuración de la identidad del participante, y la forma en la que ha desarrollado su homosexualidad, especialmente durante su infancia y adolescencia.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI BANK SOAL ONLINE DI SMP NEGERI 3 MATUR
Authors: Annas Firdaus
Published: March 2020

Teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang semakin berkembang dari waktu ke waktu menyebabkan hampir semua aspek dalam kehidupan sudah memanfaatkan teknologi informasi untuk memudahkan aktifitas yang dilakukan. Salah satunya pada pengarsipan soal-soal yang telah di UN kan setiap tahunnya di SMP Negeri 3 Matur. Aktifitas pengarsipan soal yang relah di UN-kan selama ini mash dilakukan secara menual oleh pihak SMP 3 Matur yang menyebabkan banyak soal-soal yang hilang untuk persiapan siswa untuk UN berikutnya. Sehingga hal inilah yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk merancang Sistem bank soal Online dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database MySQL. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D). Penelitian ini juga dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan fasilitas komputer dalam perancangan, pengujian, dan pengoptimalan hasil dari penelitian yang telah penulis lakukan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang penulis kemukakan dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem informasi yang penulis rancang dapat membantu pihak SMP Negeri 3 Matur  dalam menghadapi persiapan ujian nasional, sehingga soal-soal latihan untuk persiapan UN pada setiap tahunnya sudah tertata dengan baik.
Những dấu mốc chính trong lịch sử của quá trình bình duyệt
Authors: Le Thi Linh
Published: March 2020

Để thực sự hiểu và đánh giá được sự tiến bộ của quá trình bình duyệt khoa học, điều đầu tiên cần làm là dành một chút thời gian để nhìn lại quá trình phát triển và thay đổi liên tục của bình duyệt trong xuất bản học thuật. Trong bài viết A brief history of peer review blog trên F1000Research Blog, tác giả Yousuf Al-Mousawi đã quay ngược thời gian và tìm về những dấu mốc chính trong lịch sử của quá trình bình duyệt.
Modelling a Multi-Dimensional Model of Memory Performance in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Multi-Level Meta-Analytic Review.
Authors: Persson Sofia , Yates Alan , Kessler Klaus , Harkin Ben
Published: March 2020

Even though memory performance is a commonly researched aspect of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), a coherent and unified explanation of the role of specific cognitive factors has remained elusive. To address this, the present meta-analysis examined the predictive validity of Harkin and Kessler’s (2011) Executive Function (E), Binding Complexity (B) and Memory Load (L) Classification System with regards to affected vs. unaffected memory performance in OCD. We employed a multi-level meta-analytic approach (Viechtbauer, 2010) to accommodate the interdependent nature of the EBL model and interdependency of effect sizes (305 effect sizes from 144 studies, including 4424 OCD patients). Results revealed that the EBL model predicted memory performance, i.e., as EBL demand increases, those with OCD performed progressively worse on memory tasks. Executive function was the driving mechanism behind the EBL’s impact on OCD memory performance and negated effect size differences between visual and verbal tasks in those with OCD. Comparisons of sub-task effect sizes were also generally in accord with the cognitive parameters of the EBL taxonomy. We conclude that standardised coding of tasks along individual cognitive dimensions and multi-level meta-analyses provides a new approach to examine multi-dimensional models of memory and cognitive performance in OCD and other disorders.
The Affirmative Culture of Healthy Self-Care: A Feminist Critique of the Good Health Imperative
Authors: Welsh Talia
Published: March 2020

Feminist critiques highlight how neoliberal ideologies withdraw attention from the social and the political toward the cult of individual hard work, thereby obscuring oppression and economic disenfranchisement as merely matters for individuals to “overcome” with hard work. Individuals should see their health as a matter of personal responsibility making disability, class, and gender merely private matters to attend to with proper healthy self-care. In this paper, I expand upon feminist philosophy to think about healthy self-care as requiring a delayed body fantasy and to ask if we might see healthy self-care like a morally neutral hobby rather than a mark of moral and social goodness.
Disability, Epistemic Harms, and the Quality-Adjusted Life Year
Authors: Cupples Laura M.
Published: March 2020

Health economists use a conceptual tool called the quality-adjusted life year (QALY) in resource allocation decisions. Despite claims that the values of disabled people are distorted by adaptive preference, I argue that their testimony is in fact more reliable than that of nondisabled third parties. Epistemic injustice in this context harms disabled people and people with chronic illnesses. It also prevents us from challenging the current hegemonic and ableist formulation of the problem of just resource allocation. Community-based participatory research that gives disabled people greater agency in the research process would allow the reframing of the research problem.
Building Intricate Partnerships with Neurotechnology: Deep Brain Stimulation and Relational Agency
Authors: Brown Timothy
Published: March 2020

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an FDA-approved treatment for symptoms of motor disorders—with experimental use for psychiatric disorders. DBS, however, causes a variety of side effects. Moral philosophers question DBS’s influence on users’ experiences of authenticity, identity, and/or autonomy. These characterizations of DBS, however, may not make sense of how DBS complicates, rather than simply impedes or bolsters, users’ abilities to exercise agency. Empirical work exploring DBS users’ lived-experiences and feminist accounts of relational autonomy demonstrate that the issues users face are better characterized in terms of the user’s relationship to their stimulator, that is, in terms of “relational agency.”
Kepuasan Nasabah PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Unit Tapan Cabang Painan Dilihat dari Kualitas Layanan Customer Service
Authors: Marlius Doni , Putriani Izet
Published: March 2020

This research was conducted on customers at PT. BRI Painan Branch Tapan Unit. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of physical evidence, reliability, response, assurance and empathy on customer satisfaction. This type of research is quantitative research. The object of this research is PT. BRI Painan Branch Tapan Unit. The sampling method used is incidental sampling and the data is processed by multiple linear regression analysis, test the validity, reliability and hypothesis testing with the t test and test f. The results of the physical evidence research t count> t table so that the physical evidence has an effect on customer satisfaction, the results of reliability research t count> t table so that reliability has an effect on customer satisfaction, the results of the research t count> t table so that the responses affect the customer satisfaction, the results of the research guarantee t count> t table so that shows that collateral affects customer satisfaction, the results of empirical research t count > t table so that it shows empathy affects customer satisfaction and the results of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. f count > f table so that it shows physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy that have a significant effect on customer satisfaction.
Glomerulonefritis post infecciosa en Pediatría: estudio epidemiológico basado en una población hospitalaria
Authors: Troche Avelina Victoria , Araya Soraya , Duarte Cynthia , Lascurain Ana
Published: March 2020

Introducción La glomerulonefritis pos infecciosa (GNAPI)es una patología frecuente en Pediatria. Objetivo: describir la epidemiologia de la GNAPI en un hospital de Referencia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo. Se incluyeron pacientes menores de 16 años diagnóstico de Glomerulonefritis post infecciosa. Se excluyeron pacientes con C3 desconocido, con enfermedad renal previa, con síndrome nefrítico secundario, variables: sociodemográficas, período estacional, tipo de infección precedente, aclaramiento de creatinina, requerimiento de diálisis Los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa SPSS. Resultados: Ingresaron 160 pacientes con predominio del sexo masculino (68,1%) con una relación M/F de 2,2 a 1, Grupo etario más afectado de 6 a 12 años (65%). El 60%de los pacientes provenían del área rural, con padres con estudios primarios y condiciones de hacinamiento La forma clínica más frecuente fue el síndrome nefrítico agudo (97,5%)y la infección precedente más prevalente fue la piodermitis (52%). Se observo alteración de la función renal en 51,25%, edema pulmonar en 40% y encefalopatía hipertensiva en 17%. Ningún paciente falleció. Conclusión: La GNPI afecta más frecuentemente al sexo masculino, a niños que viven en condiciones de hacinamiento y en familias de nivel socioeconómico bajo. Tuvieron buena evolución sin mortalidad.

Conflicto de interés: Los autores declaran no poseer conflicto de interés

Recibido: 17/01/2019 Aceptado: 14/02/2020
Fibrodisplasia osificante progresiva. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Storm Saida , Martínez Gloria , Godoy Laura
Published: March 2020

La fibrodisplasia osificante progresiva (FOP) es una enfermedad del tejido conectivo de etiología desconocida, de herencia autosómica dominante que se caracteriza por calcificaciones progresivas de las fascias, aponeurosis, ligamentos, tendones y tejido conectivo intersticial del músculo esquelético. Su prevalencia es de 1:2.000.000.

Presenta desde el nacimiento morfología anormal del primer metatarsiano. Las osificaciones heterotópicas por lo común se hacen evidentes recién alrededor de los 5 años, posteriores a un trauma en los tejidos blandos. El compromiso funcional es progresivo y altamente incapacitante.

Presentamos el caso de un niño de 6 años quien desde el año de edad inició las lesiones en las zonas de traumatismos, al comienzo acompañadas de dolor y signos inflamatorios que luego se petrificaban. Presentaba hállux valgus corto bilateral y se pudo corroborar la presencia de la misma malformación en un tío materno.

Conflicto de interés: Los autores declaran no poseer conflicto de interés

Recibido: 28/01/2019 Aceptado: 22/02/2020
Interest and participation in global neurosurgery: a survey of Canadian neurosurgery residents
Authors: Westwick Harrison J. , Elkaim Lior M. , Obaid Sami , Fallah Aria , Tu Albert , Ibrahim George M. , Weil Alexander G.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

The lack of access to primary neurosurgical care presents a significant burden for patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Efforts to decrease the inequities in access to surgical care have become an increasing focus of initiatives and advocacy within the international neurosurgery community. Although residents may represent highly active members of international teams, the extent of their availability for and interest in global neurosurgery opportunities remains unclear. The objectives of this study were to assess the degree of participation, the level of interest, and the perceived barriers for residents of Canadian neurosurgery programs in engaging in neurosurgery initiatives in LMICs.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was administered to 144 residents from all accredited Canadian neurosurgery residency programs. The survey was used to determine the level of participation and interest in global neurosurgery initiatives.

RESULTS

The survey response rate from residents at Canadian neurosurgery programs was 45/144 (31%), although not all respondents answered every question; thus, the denominator for each question is not always 45. Most neurosurgery residents (n = 30, 68%) were unaware of any global neurosurgery opportunities available during residency. Despite 64% of residents having an interest in participation (strongly agree/agree; n = 28), with most residents planning on participating as attending staff (strongly agree/agree; n = 28, 64%), only 3 residents (7%) had taken part in LMIC neurosurgery initiatives. The most cited perceived limitations for participation were lack of time (n = 37, 84%) and finances (n = 26, 59%).

CONCLUSIONS

Among surveyed residents from Canadian neurosurgery programs, there was a low participation rate in global neurosurgery initiatives and limited knowledge of available opportunities, despite relatively high interest. Many respondents identified time and financial constraints as barriers to participation. Many residents felt that interest could increase were there a structured program dedicated to global neurosurgery available in their residency program.
Neurosurgical education in Egypt and Africa
Authors: El-Ghandour Nasser M. F.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

Africa still significantly lags in the development of neurosurgery. Egypt, located in North Africa, is well-developed in this specialty, with the largest number of neurosurgeons among all African countries. This article provides insight into neurosurgical training in Egypt, the challenges African neurosurgeons are facing, and the requirements needed to enhance neurosurgical education and build up the required neurosurgical capacity in Africa.

METHODS

The information presented in the current work was collected from databases of the Egyptian Society of Neurological Surgeons and the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies.

RESULTS

There are two types of neurosurgical certification in Egypt. The first type is granted by the universities (MD), and the second is awarded by the Ministry of Health (Fellow of Neurosurgery). The program in both types ranges from 6 to 9 years. The number of qualified neurosurgeons in Egypt constitutes one-third of the total number of African neurosurgeons. There is a significant shortage of neurological surgeons in Africa, and the distribution is entirely unbalanced, with the majority of neurosurgeons concentrated in the North and South regions. The most important challenge facing neurosurgery in Africa is lack of resources, which is considered to be the main obstacle to the development of neurosurgery. Other challenges include the limited number of neurosurgeons, lack of training programs, and lack of collaboration among the different regions.

CONCLUSIONS

Proper collaboration among the different regions within the African continent regarding neurosurgical education will enhance African neurosurgical capacity and make neurosurgery an independent specialty. The definite functional polarity among different regions, regarding both the number of qualified neurosurgeons and the neurosurgical capacity, is an important factor that could help in the development of neurosurgery in this continent.
Development and assessment of competency-based neurotrauma course curriculum for international neurosurgery residents and neurosurgeons
Authors: Calero-Martinez Sergio A. , Matula Christian , Peraud Aurelia , Biroli Francesco , Fernández-Alén José , Bierschneider Michael , Cunningham Michael , Hawryluk Gregory W. J. , Babu Maya , Bullock M. Ross , Rubiano Andrés M.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a significant disease burden worldwide. It is imperative to improve neurosurgeons’ training during and after their medical residency with appropriate neurotrauma competencies. Unfortunately, the development of these competencies during neurosurgeons’ careers and in daily practice is very heterogeneous. This article aimed to describe the development and evaluation of a competency-based international course curriculum designed to address a broad spectrum of needs for taking care of patients with neurotrauma with basic and advanced interventions in different scenarios around the world.

METHODS

A committee of 5 academic neurosurgeons was involved in the task of building this course curriculum. The process started with the identification of the problems to be addressed and the subsequent performance needed. After this, competencies were defined. In the final phase, educational activities were designed to achieve the intended learning outcomes. In the end, the entire process resulted in competency and outcomes-based education strategy, including a definition of all learning activities and learning outcomes (curriculum), that can be integrated with a faculty development process, including training. Further development was completed by 4 additional academic neurosurgeons supported by a curriculum developer specialist and a project manager. After the development of the course curriculum, template programs were developed with core and optional content defined for implementation and evaluation.

RESULTS

The content of the course curriculum is divided into essentials and advanced concepts and interventions in neurotrauma care. A mixed sample of 1583 neurosurgeons and neurosurgery residents attending 36 continuing medical education activities in 30 different cities around the world evaluated the course. The average satisfaction was 97%. The average usefulness score was 4.2, according to the Likert scale.

CONCLUSIONS

An international competency-based course curriculum is an option for creating a well-accepted neurotrauma educational process designed to address a broad spectrum of needs that a neurotrauma practitioner faces during the basic and advanced care of patients in different regions of the world. This process may also be applied to other areas of the neurosurgical knowledge spectrum. Moreover, this process allows worldwide standardization of knowledge requirements and competencies, such that training may be better benchmarked between countries regardless of their income level.
Parenting Styles and Their Influence on Personality and Stage Performance Successfulness of Would-Be Musicians
Authors: Ferodova Alexandra
Published: March 2020

This article is devoted to the relevant issue of correlation between the style of parenting and the prerequisites of professional difficulties that music students may have. The research of professional and personal problems of musicians, its causes and effects as well as prevention opportunities is relevant to consistently actual issues of musical education psychology. Wide public debate about authoritarianism problems and violence signs in musical pedagogy indicate importance and depth of the problem of choosing an optimal educational style, that is proved by the results of many current domestic psychological research as well. The analysis of experimental data available allows to suggest there is an ambivalence of parenting and teaching style effect on emotional wellbeing and professional success of young musicians. This article shows the generalized theoretical view on the nature of irrational setting and neurotic perfectionism of young musicians as well as peculiarity of forming self­identity in conditions of different parenting styles. The results of empiric research of parenting styles and their relation to scenic stress suggest the correlation between parental authoritarianism and scenic stress level. The research has been conducted in 2019 among students of Academic music college at Tchaikovsky Moscow state conservatory and the students of world music culture faculty of Maimonides Academy.
Uso integral de simulación, diseño de experimentos y KANBAN para evaluar y mejorar el rendimiento de una línea de producción
Authors: Fernández Henao Sergio Augusto , Pérez Rendon Angela Liceth , Medina Varela Pedro Daniel
Published: March 2020

This article is the product of research developed in a production line, where we wanted to observe how the Design of Experiments (DOE) and the Kanban interact fully with the Discrete Simulation in order to improve the performance of the production system. The above was achieved by showing how the DOE serves to identify the relevant factors in the production process, to then be incorporated as input parameters in the simulation, and also, through the implementation of the Kanban tool type "Trigger" the performance improvements presented in such production line were evidenced. Based on the above, two simulations were made: One without the use of the Lean tool and another with its implementation. In this way, the improvement in the performance of the production line could be observed when incorporating the Kanban. For example, the "Ironing" process, which had a utilization rate of 36%, increased to 60.39% with the use of Kanban, the same thing happened to the "Weaving" process, which increased its use to 61.77%. In this way, a way to improve the performance of a production line supported in the combination of these three tools is illustrated.
Identificación de movimiento humano a través del procesamiento de video
Authors: Leguizamón Yessica Tatiana , Sánchez Wilman Helioth , Sierra Ballen Eduard Leonardo
Published: March 2020

Studies of face recognition and movements of the human body have opened frontiers for different knowledge areas. The objective of this paper is to show an alternative methodology to identify faces and make a characterization of the human body movement. This methodology has three phases. The first phase is a generation of a video database in a NoSQL model using MongDB. The second phase permits to identify human faces applying an algorithm that combines Hough Transform and the Viola-Jones algorithm. And the third phase makes an identification of human movement using optical flow histogram-oriented gradients. The main results show that the face identification permits to select a relevance range for an approximation of the interest or actor area. This interest area is a base to apply the optical flow, avoiding false positives, like shadows or reflections produced by the environment. Finally, we conclude that the obtainment of a clear frontal view of the face supplies an easy way for human action tracking.
Análisis de resultados comparativos en el aprendizaje de la Programación en Ingeniería de Sistemas a partir de tres modelos de trabajo en grupo
Authors: Trejos Buriticá Omar Iván
Published: March 2020

The target of this research is to find judge elements, using experiments in the classroom, where teachers could know the excellence model to conform effective teamworks for learning computer programming in the first programming course in Systems Engineering. To reach that we worked during 6 semesters and using three models: 4Q model, talent model and random model. We used observation, interaction, and dialogue, qualitative and quantitative results to find the target of this research project. The results show characteristics in the interactions inside the different models of groups. We concluded that it is possible to find an excellence model of teamwork depending on the specific course in computer programming.
Diferencias fisicoquímicas de suelo suplementado con pilas eléctricas
Authors: Bonilla Norma Constanza , Rojas Bahamón Magda Julissa , Arbeláez Campillo Diego Felipe
Published: March 2020

There are peasant practices in the department of Caquetá and testimonies of people in the city of Florence that involve the use of electric batteries as the basis of organic fertilizer for plants. Faced with the hypothesis that electric batteries can contribute to the healthy development of a plant, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of electric batteries in the physical and chemical properties of a soil sample destined to plant beans. The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design (DCA) with a 1 x 4 factorial arrangement, where factor A corresponds to beans, and factor B corresponds to the variety of electric batteries (generic and alkaline) with three repetitions. In each treatment, it was determined: pH, exchangeable acidity (A.I.), organic carbon (C.O), ashes, color, and conductivity. The study showed that the addition of electric batteries to the soil favors the absorption of solar energy, making the average soil temperature tend to be higher, which would tend to promote rapid germination in the seeds, positive aspect in the germination stage of this. However, it can affect the low release of nitrogen to the soil, in its post-growth phases.
Vom Bedürfnis zur Resonanz: ein soziologisch-ideengeschichtlicher Exkurs
Authors: Wahlen Stefan
Published: March 2020

Bedürfnisse und Bedarfsbereiche in verschiedenen Konsumfeldern nehmen in der Ernährungs- und Verbraucherbildung eine zentrale Rolle ein. Die Konzeptualisierung von Konsum wird in diesem Beitrag ideengeschichtlich reflektiert, um den individualistischen Bedürfnisbegriff kritisch zu hinterfragen und mit dem Resonanzbegriff eine mögliche soziologische Alternative vorzustellen.
Augmented reality technology as a new source of competitive strengths in engineering products
Authors: Zuev A. S. , Zueva A. N. , Leonov D. A.
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes opportunities for obtaining additional competitive strengths in engineering products due to the use of augmented reality technology for interactive information provision and support in terms of assembly, operation and maintenance for the products themselves as well as machinery units and production system components employed in the processes listed. The article also provides a short overview of equipment available on the market that can be viewed as a prototype for hardware and software complexes that provide informational support for technical personnel while the latter performs its job functions. It covers prospects of implementing informational systems that provide the operator with visualized supporting content online through the use of AR technology into the life cycle stages, processes of production, maintenance and operation of products and machinery equipment, as well as specialized applications. It also analyzes the necessary functional options and scenarios of using these applications, thus explaining the point of implementing them not as separate software products oriented on separate product units and equipment, but in the context of a unified information service of support for the production process, basically allowing the formation of a new production engineering instrument that goes along with the concept of the fourth technological revolution - reference-informational AR systems, the concept of use for which is universal to all industries and the consumer sector of the national economy. It analyzes the main limitations of the wide use of informational systems based on AR technology and gives grounds for its lessening midterm influence, based on, including but not limited to, the options for implementing new architectural solutions that are supported by the developing wireless data transfer technology (5G standard) as well as video compressing and transfer standards (MPEG-I). Based on the analysis of materials provided, rationale for implementing AR technology into the stages of machinery production and equipment life cycle is given, as well as new opportunities for obtaining their additional competitive strengths and relevance of information security of the corresponding reference-informational systems based on AR technology.
Guidelines for Authors
Authors: Acta Naturae -
Published: March 2020

Actae Naturae publishes experimental articles and reviews, as well as articles on topical issues, short reviews, and reports on the subjects of basic and applied life sciences and biotechnology. The journal is published by the Park Media publishing house in both Russian and English. The journal Acta Naturae is on the list of the leading periodicals of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science.
Spheroids of HER2-Positive Breast Adenocarcinoma for Studying Anticancer Immunotoxins In Vitro
Authors: Balalaeva I. V. , Sokolova E. A. , Puzhikhina A. D. , Brilkina A. A. , Deyev S. M.
Published: March 2020

Tumor response to therapeutic treatment is largely determined by its heterogeneity and the presence of intercellular junctions, hindering the penetration of large molecules deep into the three-dimensional structure of the tumor. In that context, 3D in vitro tumor models such as cancer cell spheroids are becoming increasingly popular. We obtained spheroids of human breast adenocarcinoma SKBR-3 overexpressing the HER2 cancer marker. The toxicity of HER2-targeted immunotoxin 4D5scFv-PE40 against spheroids was shown to be several orders of magnitude lower compared to a monolayer cell culture. The significant difference in the severity of the immunotoxin effect can be explained by the fact that it ineffectively penetrates the spheroid and predominantly influences the cells of the outer layers. The resulting tumor spheroid model can be used in development of drugs for targeted therapy as well as to study ways to improve the efficiency of anticancer agents by targeting cell-cell contacts.
Possibilities for Using Pluripotent Stem Cells for Restoring Damaged Eye Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Authors: Kharitonov A. E. , Surdina A. V. , Lebedeva O. S. , Bogomazova A. N. , Lagarkova M. A.
Published: March 2020

The retinal pigment epithelium is a monolayer of pigmented, hexagonal cells connected by tight junctions. These cells compose part of the outer blood-retina barrier, protect the eye from excessive light, have important secretory functions, and support the function of photoreceptors, ensuring the coordination of a variety of regulatory mechanisms. It is the degeneration of the pigment epithelium that is the root cause of many retinal degenerative diseases. The search for reliable cell sources for the transplantation of retinal pigment epithelium is of extreme urgency. Pluripotent stem cells (embryonic stem or induced pluripotent) can be differentiated with high efficiency into the pigment epithelium of the retina, which opens up possibilities for cellular therapy in macular degeneration and can slow down the development of pathology and, perhaps, restore a patient's vision. Pioneering clinical trials on transplantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells in the United States and Japan confirmed the need for developing and optimizing such approaches to cell therapy. For effective use, pigment epithelial cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells should have a set of functional properties characteristic of such cells in vivo. This review summarizes the current state of preclinical and clinical studies in the field of retinal pigment epithelial transplantation therapy. We also discuss different differentiation protocols based on data in the literature and our own data, and the problems holding back the widespread therapeutic application of retinal pigment epithelium differentiated from pluripotent stem cells.
“Noah’s Ark” Project: Interim Results and Outlook for Classic Collection Development
Authors: Kalyakin M. V. , Seregin A. P. , Solovchenko A. E. , Kamenski P. A. , Sadovnichiy V. A.
Published: March 2020

The Noahs Ark project, afoot at M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University since 2015 and aimed at studying biodiversity, is the largest ongoing Russian project in life sciences. During its implementation, several hundred new species have been described; a comprehensive genetic and biochemical characterization of these species, as well as that of the pre-existing specimens in Moscow Universitys collections, has been performed. A consolidated IT system intended to house the knowledge generated by the project has been developed. Here, we summarize the investigations around the Moscow University classical biocollections which have taken place within the framework of the project and discuss future promise and the outlook for these collections.
The Effect of a Lipopolysaccharide from Rhodobacter capsulatus PG on Inflammation Caused by Various Influenza Strains
Authors: Zubova S. V. , Vorovich M. F. , Gambaryan A. S. , Ishmukhametov A. A. , Grachev S. V. , Prokhorenko I. R.
Published: March 2020

The development of a specific inflammation in mice that had been infected by two influenza virus strains, A/chicken/Kurgan/5/2005 (H5N1) and A/Hamburg/2009 MA (H1N1), was studied. We investigated the effect of a non-toxic lipopolysaccharide from Rhodobacter capsulatus PG on the survival and body weight of the mice, production of IgG antibodies, and the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood serum. The administration of the R. capsulatus PG lipopolysaccharide was shown to induce interferon- synthesis, both in healthy and influenza A virus-infected mice, and to promote production of antiviral antibodies in the blood of the influenza-infected animals.
Physicochemical Biology: Conquered Boundaries and New Horizons
Authors: Knorre D. G.
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we shall consider the main evolutionary stages that occurred within the field of physicochemical biology during the 20th century, following the determination of the tertiary structure of DNA by Watson and Crick and the subsequent successes in the X-ray structural analysis of biopolymers. The authors ideas on the pre-emptive problems and the methods used in physicochemical biology in the 21st century are also presented, including an investigation of the dynamics of biochemical processes, studies of the functions of unstructured proteins, as well as single-molecule investigations of enzymatic processes and of biopolymer tertiary structure formation.
Evaluasi Tingkat Kualitas Pelayanan Bidang Kemahasiswaan Menggunakan Servequal Di Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Authors: Fatimah Fatimah , Darna Darna , Ansori Ansori
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi tentang pelayanan kemahasiswaan di Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ), sehingga dengan evaluasi ini diharapkan memperoleh masukan untuk peningkatan kualitas pelayanan (service quality) kemahasiswaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Servqual yang membandingkan antara layanan yang dirasakan (adequate service) dan layanan yang diharapkan (desired service) oleh mahasiswa. Teknik sampel yang digunakan non random sampling yaitu melalui pendekatan accidental sampling. Alasan memilih metode ini karena peneliti menganggap bahwa mahasiswa politeknik adalah homogen. Hasilnya adalah sebagai berikut: 1) dari hasil uji service quality (Servequal) setiap item dimensi tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, emphaty dan system information terdapat gap negatif antara yang dirasakan dengan yang diharapan oleh mahasiswa; 2)  a) pada aspek tangible yang terdiri atas sarana prasarana pendidikan, peralatan laboratorium dan ruang perkuliahan diperoleh gap servequal yang negative -1.4; b) aspek reliability yang terdiri atas keandalan dosen dan staf akademik masih memiliki gap sebesar - 1.01; c) aspek responsiveness atau sikap tanggap dalam pelayanan kepada mahasiswa diperoleh gap sebesar -1.19; d) aspek assurance atau perlakuan terhadap mahasiswa diperoleh gap sebesar -1.12; e) aspek empathy atau pemahaman terhadap kepentingan mahasiswa memiliki gap -1.21; dan f) aspek system informasi kemahasiswaan memperoleh gap -1.27;  3) Secara keseluruhan tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap layanan bidang akademik dan kemahasiswaan menghasilkan gap sebesar -1.19. Ini menunjukkan bahwa Politeknik Negeri Jakarta masih harus meningkatkan kualitas pelayanannya pada semua dimensinya. Kata kunci:
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS TUMBUHAN OBAT DI KAWASAN DESA BATU MEKAR KECAMATAN LINGSAR KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Jannah Husnul , Safnowandi Safnowandi
Published: March 2020

Herbal plant was all kinds of plant while it is cultivated or not yet. It can used as herbal plants. The treatment used plant was long time ago done by our great grandfather since long time ago. It was to legacy with hereditary from generation to generation. To knew how much herbal plant was knew by communities in Batu Mekar Village, Lingsar, West Lombok  and viewed what kind of plant has merit  as medicine , so it needed to do a research activity knew kinds of herbal plants in Batu Mekar. This research was descriptive and explorative research used qualitative and quantitative  approach. With sampling technique was snow ball sampling. The data was collected by  interview with all shaman. The observation to field and documentation . the result of this research showed that the identification kinds of herbal plants in Batu Mekar wasvery kinds. It is found 43 kinds of merit herbal plants its can used for treatment all kinds of illness. The benefit of 43 kinds herbal plants used for treatment illness from small and big illness , and the benefit of all parts from that herbal plants with extraction one plant or mixed with other plant.