bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reshaping Medical Learning
Authors: Speziale Fabrizio
Published: November 2024

The Ma‘dan al-šifā’-i Sikandar-šāhī is an extensive Persian handbook of Ayurvedic medicine made for Miyān Bhuwa ibn Ḫawāṣṣ Ḫān, a vizir of Sultan Sikandar Lodī (r. 1489-1517) to whom the book was dedicated. Miyān Bhuwa allocated considerable resources to achieving this translation project and hired scholars to translate the many parts of Ayurvedic books used to compile the Persian text. This article explores the reasons behind the production of the Ma‘dan al-šifā’ and proposes a new reading of certain features of this book. It enquires into its authorship and suggests that Miyān Bhuwa most likely only assembled the translations made from Ayurvedic texts. It discusses the epistemic and the practical issues raised in the preface, which criticizes the adequacy of Greco-Arabic thought in the Indian environment and the style of Ayurvedic texts, as well as the parallels with the Ṭoḍarānanda, a Sanskrit encyclopedia written in the late 16th century. The last part of the article looks at the conceptual structure of the Ma‘dan al-šifā’ and how the Sanskrit sources and their models shaped the organization of the sections of the Persian book. Moreover, it suggests that the overall framework of the book relied on the overlap of models of presentation of medical knowledge, a device meant to negotiate between the models of the Sanskrit sources and those of the Muslim readers.
Modelowanie tematyczne w socjologii na przykładzie dobrobytu społecznego: wyzwania metodologiczne i komponent ludzki
Authors: Cichocki Piotr , Baranowski Mariusz
Published: December 2024

Biorąc pod uwagę dynamicznie rozwijające się obszary nauk społecznych uwarunkowanych technologiami sieciowymi oraz humanistyki cyfrowej (ang. Digital Humanities), warto przeanalizować adekwatność socjologicznych metodologii analizy danych w tych nowych warunkach. Dostępność dużych zbiorów zdigitalizowanych danych stanowi nie tylko wyzwanie dla „klasycznych” metod analizy, które opracowane zostały w innych warunkach i do innych celów. Jeszcze ważniejsza kwestia dotyczy tego, czy podział na metody ilościowe i jakościowe, między którymi istnieje wyraźna linia demarkacyjna, ma sens w obliczu Big Data. W niniejszym artykule, na podstawie modelowania tematycznego (ang. topic modeling), opartego na LDA (ang. Latent Dirichlet Allocation), autorzy stawiają tezę, że ilościowe metody (probabilistyczne modele statystyczne) nie stanowią uzupełnienia lub punktu wyjścia do analiz jakościowych (standardowe podejście), lecz ich integralną część. Teza ta zostanie zilustrowana przykładem wyznaczenia tematów w obrębie zbioru 17 278 artykułów na temat dobrobytu społecznego, opublikowanych w czasopismach indeksowanych w bazie Web of Science w latach 1992–2020. To empiryczne studium przypadku posłuży także do sformułowania uwag metateoretycznych na temat „kohezji” metod ilościowych i jakościowych w perspektywie uczenia maszynowego (ang. machine learning) i przetwarzania języka naturalnego (ang. natural language processing – NLP).
Developing a Measure of Interpersonality
Authors: Mesa Rica Faith Creencia , Alaron Angel Licel Rose Adto , Cadavedo Jamaica Manzano , Calabio April Octa , Costa Mark Aldrin Esguerra , Mendoza Franceska Nicole Abinales , Panganiban Aila Castro , Hilario Paulito
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to develop a scale that measures a construct of Filipino Psychology, which is pakikipagkapwa-tao, a key construct in Filipino Psychology grounded in Enriquez’s "Kapwa" theory, which emphasizes the importance of shared identity and interconnectedness in understanding Filipino social behavior. Despite its importance, there is a lack of empirical tools to measure pakikipagkapwa-tao, creating a need for a culturally relevant and psychometrically sound instrument. With this, the study seeks to address this gap by developing a new scale that captures five dimensions of pakikipagkapwa-tao: sympathy (pakikiramay), cooperative endeavor (bayanihan), hospitality (mabuting pagtanggap sa bisita), sensitivity to others' feelings (pakikiramdam), and debt of gratitude (utang na loob). The respondents of this study were Filipino college students, aged 18 to 22 years old, currently residing in Cavite, and were enrolled in a University for Academic Year 2022- 2023. With this, the researchers of this study obtained a total number of 501 respondents.The study utilized confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) as its statistical treatment. As a result, the overall scale consists of twenty-four (24) items with alphas between 0.83 and 0.67 coming from factor analysis solutions and are based on the CFA and EFA. It was shown that concepts like "convergent" and "discriminant" are true.

Keywords: EFA; CFA; Test development; Convergent; Discriminant
Exploring The Nexus: Pathological Narcissism, Substance Abuse, and Self-Regulation as Predictors of Suicidal Ideation in College Students
Authors: Akanbi Samuel Toyin
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe study explored the predictors of suicidal ideation among university undergraduates focusing on the roles of narcissism, substance usage, and self-regulation. A correlational approach was adopted for the study. A total of 1,411 undergraduates selected through a multistage random sampling from three Nigerian universities participated in the study. Suicide Ideation Scale (α= .76), The Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (α=.87), Drug Abuse Screening Test (α=.7), and Pathological Narcissism Inventory (α=.94) were used to gather information from the participants. Data collected were subjected to statistical screening through the Pearson Product Moment Correlation and multiple regression. The outcomes showed that a combination of the three main predictors explained a total of 32% (R2=.322; F(4,1406)= 166.557; p.01) of the  variance in suicide ideation. Narcissistic Grandiosity (β= -.507; t= -14.945, P0.01), and Self-regulatory Behaviour (β= -.155; t= -6.411, P0.01) inversely predicted suicidal ideation while Narcissistic Vulnerability (β= .573; t= 16.864, P0.01), and Substance Abuse (β= .274; t= 11.453, P0.01) positively predicted it. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive mental health support systems that address the underlying psychological factors contributing to suicidal ideation.
Normative Solidarity: Narratives of Solo Parent Multigenerational Caregivers in Selected Resettlement Areas in Cavite
Authors: Tabogon Krishia Marie Villaluz , Pulgar Andrea Nicole Dela Cruz , Maraan Franzyne Carolyn Anorico , Rico Feliz Nichole Rogel , Autriz Arianne Espiritu
Published: November 2024

This study explored the experiences of solo parents who provide simultaneous support to their minor children and senior parents in selected resettlement areas in Cavite, Philippines. Specifically, it sought to determine the reasons for their role pursuance, unravel the adversities they encountered and the coping strategies they employed, and identify their motivations for continuously juggling their multigenerational responsibilities. Using narrative analysis, the stories of eight participants selected through non-proportional quota sampling were uncovered and interpreted. Findings revealed that the high regard they placed on cultural family values and traditions drove them to become caregivers for two generations. The demands of having young and old dependents led them to face financial constraints, unfulfilled aspirations, work interference, and health-compromising behaviors associated with their role as family mediators. Social support systems and multiple sources of livelihood played a significant part in easing these burdens. Despite the hardships entailed in their household responsibilities, they managed to carry on due to the long-term care needs of family members and the positive feelings they acquired from caregiving. This may further support the need for implementation or amendment of policy programs intended to provide recognition and workplace consideration for individuals in this unique familial position.
Manifestation of Patience as a Coping Mechanism in Islamic Psychology: A Comparative Analysis of Sociocultural Contexts of Indonesian and Egyptian Students
Authors: Syafii Muhammad Hisyam , Azhari Husain
Published: November 2024

This study analyzes the manifestation of patience as a coping mechanism in Islamic psychology, focusing on the comparison of sociocultural contexts between Indonesian and Egyptian students. The background of this study emphasizes the importance of patience as a stress management strategy in Islam, which can be affected by cultural differences. The research used a mixed-method approach, combining a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews. The survey involved 100 university students, 50 each from Indonesia and Egypt, to measure the level of patience and coping mechanisms, while in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 students to explore their sociocultural understanding. The results showed that there were no significant differences between Indonesian and Egyptian students in terms of manifestations of patience, with identical mean scores of sociocultural context and coping mechanisms in both groups (82.54 and 82.96). However, qualitative interviews revealed differences in how they interpreted patience; Indonesian students tended to see patience as a means of maintaining social harmony, while Egyptian students emphasized the spiritual aspect guided by religious teachings. The conclusion of this study is that patience as a coping mechanism in Islamic psychology has a universal foundation, but the sociocultural context affects its interpretation and application. The findings have significance for the development of culturally sensitive psychological interventions, especially in supporting Muslim students in dealing with academic stress and other life challenges.
Parenting Styles, Social Network and Socio-Demographic Factors on Deviant Behavior among In-School Adolescents
Authors: Ehondor Esohe Grace , Idris Farouk Ige , Uye Emmanuel Etim
Published: November 2024

Deviant behaviors among in-school adolescents have been on the increased over the years. Studies that have examined different predictors of deviant behaviors have produced varied results. Therefore, this study examines parenting styles, social network, age and gender as predictors of deviant behavior among in-school adolescents in Ibadan South-west Local Government Area (LGA). Cross-sectional survey design was adopted while simple random sampling technique was used to select five public secondary schools in the LGA. Data were collected from 200 in-school adolescents using validated scales and analyzed using multiple regression and independent samples t-test to test two hypotheses. The result showed that parenting styles and social network jointly predicted deviant behavior among in-school adolescents (R2 = .05, F (2, 194) = 4.89, p .05). Also, the result revealed that age and gender jointly predicted deviant behavior [R2 = .10, F( 5,195) = 2.13, p .05]. Finally, both age (β = -.14, p .05) and gender (β =.17, p .05) independently predicted deviant behavior. The study concluded that parenting styles, social network, age and gender are excellent predictors of deviant behavior among in-school adolescents. The study recommended parents, school counselors and other stakeholders should provide good examples for adolescentsagainst deviant behaviors
Gondoskodási tőke, egészség-egyenlőtlenségek - a gondoskodás fogalom szerepe az egészség társadalmi determinánsainak elemzésében
Authors: Német Erzsébet Anita , Nagy Éva
Published: November 2024

Care is a key concept in different interpretations of health, illness and cure, and it has a major influence on various fields of research in medical and health sociology. Nevertheless it has yet to evolve into a well-established conceptual framework in these areas. Therefore in this paper we explore how care as a social determinant of health impacts health outcomes, and how concepts of social determinants of care enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways. We place TEAM-ECD framework at the centre of our analysis, because care is conceived of neither as a factor of inequality its own right, nor as a source of health inequalities by other frameworks that are in use in this field. We aim to fill these gaps by incorporating few approaches of care inequalities into the above-mentioned framework for the social determinants of healthy early childhood development.
Innovative IT solutions in health and sport - the importance of wearable devices, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and Big Data
Authors: Tóth Kitti
Published: November 2024

Healthcare faces a significant shortage of human and financial resources. One way to overcome this is to focus on preventive medicine, through the promotion of sport and the use of advanced IT (Information Technology) tools in healthcare. These tools include wearables, the IoT (Internet of Things), Big Data and AI (artificial intelligence). This narrative review article aims to present the current state of the art in the field to support the processing of literature at the beginning of new researches by reviewing the major literature focusing on three of the data management’s functions: data collection, storing and processing. To quantify the studies, queries were run on ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases. The keywords used in the queries were "Internet of Things", "Big Data", "Artificial intelligence" and "Wearable devices" complemented by the terms "health" and "sports" so a total of 8 queries were run on each database. We selected only scientific articles which contain concrete results, present ICT tools used in health or sport, and were fully available from our institution's network so we examined 35 articles. The results of the queries show that in most cases more than 50% of the literature was published since 2019, so the topic is currently a highly researched area. On average, 59.57% of all published works were published from 2019 in Science Direct, 74.49% in PubMed and 77.18% in Web of Science. The above-mentioned IT tools on health and sport is significant. Their importance is most notable in the advancement of preventive medicine and innovation in medical research.
Typologie et caractéristiques des pâturages de la commune urbaine de Téra dans l'ouest du Niger
Authors: Seydou Korombé Hamza , Soumana Idrissa , Maman Lawal Abdoul Aziz , Djibo Ibrahim , Atta Sanoussi
Published: December 2024

Contexte : Une meilleure connaissance des caractéristiques des pâturages naturels est indispensable pour leur gestion durable. Objectif : Cette étude a été conduite dans la commune urbaine de Téra, pour caractériser les pâturages en vue d’une gestion durable de leur potentiel productif. Méthodes : La méthode de relevés phytosociologiques de Braun-Blanquet a été utilisée pour identifier les différentes espèces présentes sur les pâturages. Dans chaque placette, la biomasse a été prélevée dans 5 placeaux de 1 m2. La discrimination des différents pâturages a été réalisée sur la base d’Analyses Factorielles des Correspondances Détendancées (AFCD) couplées à des Classifications Hiérarchiques Ascendantes (CHA). Les espèces caractéristiques des pâturages ont été identifiées à travers l’Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) avec le logiciel PCORD 5. Les différences entre les pâturages et l’homogénéité de la flore au sein de chaque pâturage ont été analysées. Résultats : Les 71 relevés phytosociologiques réalisés ont permis de recenser 189 espèces parmi lesquelles figurent 48 ligneux. Ces espèces appartiennent à 42 familles dont les principales sont les Poacées (20,63 %) et les Fabaceae (16,93 %). L’analyse de la matrice des 71 relevés a permis d’identifier sept types de pâturages dont la productivité varie de 0,48± 0,02 tMs/ha à 3,23 tMs/ha, soit des capacités de charge comprises entre 0,07 UBT/ha et 0, 47 UBT/ha. L’analyse de la diversité alpha a montré que ces pâturages sont relativement très diversifiés avec des richesses floristiques qui varient de 44 à 112 espèces, des indices de Shannon de 3,52 à 4,81 bits et des équitabilités de Piélou de 0,64 à 0,71. Conclusions : Ces résultats montrent que les parcours de la commune de Téra sont floristiquement diversifiés et ont un potentiel productif élevé. Ils peuvent également être utilisés comme base, pour une exploitation rationnelle des ressources afin d’assurer leur durabilité.
Responses of U.S. Public Universities to Declining College Enrollment
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Kim Kyeongwon
Published: November 2024

[Purpose] This study aims to examine the current trends in declining college enrollment in the U.S. and explore how higher education institutions have responded, with a goal of deriving policy implications.
[Methods] This study employed a multiple case study approach and document analysis to examine four U.S. state universities currently experiencing enrollment declines.
[Results] Similar to other countries, the U.S. has experienced college enrollment declines, leading to budget shortfalls. The universities in this study have reviewed and downsized their academic programs and are considering mergers and new recruitment strategies. However, their responses vary depending on each university's unique context and background.
[Conclusion] The findings underscore the importance of predicting and managing enrollment, highlighting the need to strengthen the role of Institutional Research centers and expand their responsibilities. Additionally, it is worth considering the importance of university autonomy in adjusting strategies to their unique contexts to address enrollment challenges effectively.
A Comparative Study on School Bullying Policy in South Korea and the United States
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Hyun Jung Won , Lee Anna
Published: November 2024

[Purpose] This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of school bullying policies in South Korea and the United States. It focuses on differences in legal frameworks, policy development, and implementation processes, particularly emphasizing the centralized approach in Korea versus the decentralized approach in the U.S.
[Methods] A qualitative content analysis was performed on anti-bullying legislation, policies, and training programs in both countries. Key elements such as definitions, preventive measures, and educator training were examined to identify patterns and discrepancies.
[Results] The analysis revealed that Korea employs a standardized, government-led approach emphasizing uniformity and consistency, while the U.S. adopts a locally adaptable framework tailored to state-specific needs. Both nations prioritize early intervention and stakeholder collaboration, but their training systems for educators diverge in terms of inclusivity and execution.
[Conclusion] The study highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each country's policies, offering recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of anti-bullying measures. The findings underline the importance of balancing centralization with local flexibility, fostering comprehensive educator training, and incorporating mental health support to create safer school environments globally.
A produção científica em Pedagogia do Esporte em periódicos brasileiros
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Barros da , Botelho Vivian Hernandez , Häfele César Augusto , Bergmann Gabriel Gustavo
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo sumarizar a produção científica nacional sobre a Pedagogia do Esporte (PE) de 2016 a 2023. Metodologia: Para seleção dos artigos foram adotados os seguintes critérios: (a) periódicos nacionais classificados (Qualis Capes) entre A1 e B4 no quadriênio 2017-2020 na área da Educação Física e com esporte no escopo; (b) nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, apresentar os termos “Pedagogia do Esporte” ou “Ensino do Esporte” ou “Pedagogia do Desporto” no título, resumo, palavras-chave ou no corpo do texto; e (c) ter a PE como seu tema central de estudo. Oitenta artigos foram analisados conforme categorias definidas à priori. Resultados: Os resultados apontam que a PE ainda apresenta pouca representatividade na produção científica nacional, com a maioria dos pesquisadores homens e concentrados no Sudeste e Sul do país. As abordagens/métodos de ensino e os esportes de invasão foram as áreas temáticas e modalidades esportivas mais estudadas. Considerações Finais: Os resultados do presente estudo permitiram identificar a pouca representatividade que a PE possui na produção científica nacional a mais de duas décadas. Ampliar o número de laboratórios e grupos de pesquisa, assim como a organização de eventos científicos sobre a PE provavelmente impulsionaria a produção científica na área.
Indeterminate and vague causation
Authors: Kistler Max
Published: November 2024

Is it sometimes indeterminate whether two events or variables are causally related? Can causal statements be vague? The analysis of three potential types of cases of causal indeterminacy and causal vagueness yields an affirmative answer. The claim that some cases of omission, and some cases of prevention, give rise to indeterminate causal relations depends on the premise that omissions and preventions can be causal. A second type of indeterminate causation corresponds to causal statements whose truth value is indeterminate because they contain vague predicates. Such vagueness can have two sources. Only one yields indeterminate causation. Finally, there is indeterministic probabilistic causation. If “indeterministic overdetermination” is interpreted as metaphysical rather than epistemic, it is inappropriate to speak of indeterminacy. Rather, there is no fact of the matter about which of the two sources of probability raising really is the cause. It is more appropriate to say that both are contributing causes. “Indeterministic trumping” gives rise to a form of indeterminacy that belongs to the category of the open future. Once the effect has occurred, no indeterminacy remains.
Microplastics and nanoplastics in drinking water and beverages: occurrence and human exposure
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Liu Yubin , Zhao Liang , Peng Chu , Wang Lei
Published: November 2024

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics have gained significant attention as emerging environmental pollutants due to their widespread presence and potential health risks. In recent years, these contaminants have been frequently detected in drinking water and various beverages, prompting concern about their sources and effects. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the occurrence of MPs in drinking water and beverages and exposure assessments. MP concentrations in drinking water vary significantly across countries and regions, influenced by diverse factors such as the efficiency of water treatment plants, the level of pollution in water sources, and the condition of transportation pipelines. Another critical aspect discussed in this review is the assessment of human exposure to MPs. Similarly, the daily intake of MPs shows significant variation across different countries and regions. Beyond the concentration of MPs in drinking water, an equally important factor is the quantity of water consumed, which can differ by as much as two orders of magnitude between studies. These variations in water consumption are a key focus of this article, as they greatly influence the estimation of human MP exposure. Furthermore, it discusses the limitations of current research, emphasizes gaps in understanding nanoplastics, and outlines potential future research directions.
Pembuatan Sistem Pengkabutan Otomatis dengan Kontrol Suhu Air dan Suhu Udara Berbasis IoT
Authors: Khafiyyan Farih
Published: November 2024

This research aims to overcome the challenge of excessive temperatures in hydroponic gardens by implementing a temperature and water temperature control system. The main problems identified were excessive temperatures in the hydroponic environment and the need for effective methods for monitoring and controlling the water temperature in the garden. This research focuses on overcoming excessive temperatures by using a misting system that can provide efficient water use and maintain water temperature and temperatures in accordance with ideal standards for hydroponic plants. In addition, this research seeks solutions to accurately monitor the temperature of hydroponic garden water and build a control device that allows remote regulation to achieve ideal environmental conditions. Implementing this solution is hoped to increase the productivity and health of hydroponic plants in an optimal environment. Data collection and analysis were conducted to obtain a Mean Square Error value of 1.33, indicating that the average square model prediction error was 1.33 degrees. The Root Mean Squared Error value of 1.15 indicates that the root mean squared model prediction error is 1.15°C, and the r-squared value obtained is 0.86, indicating that this regression model can explain 86% of the observed air temperature variations.
Gas Gangrene in Horses: Retrospective Study of 20 Cases in the Amazon Biome
Authors: Salvarani Felipe Masiero , de Sousa Loise Araújo , Bastos Izabel Cristina Ferreira , Oliveira Hanna Gabriela da Silva , da Silva Leandro Oliveira , Moura Marcio Alan Oliveira , Lins André de Medeiros Costa , dos Santos Janayna Barroso , Martins Fernanda Monik Silva
Published: November 2024

This is the first study describes, through a retrospective analysis, the epidemiological and clini-copathological findings of gas gangrene in horses in the Amazon biome. The study includes 20animals with muscle and mobility injuries treated at proprieties in the Amazon biome from 2018 to 2024. The affected horses exhibited a sudden onset of severe lameness, swelling, and crepitus in the affected limb. The rapid progression of symptoms, including intense pain, fever, and toxemia, led to the clinical suspicion of gas gangrene. Immediate treatment was crucial, involving ag-gressive surgical debridement to remove necrotic tissue and high doses of broad-spectrum anti-biotics to combat the infection. Despite these efforts, the condition of the horses deteriorated rapidly due to the aggressive nature of the disease and the challenging environment of the Am-azon, which complicates timely veterinary intervention. The age range of the affected horses was from four months to 12 years, with a greater frequency in those over 12 months (80%, 16/20). Necropsy revealed histopathological lesions characterized by intense muscle necrosis, liquefac-tion, and gas formation, suggestive of Clostridium infection. The diagnosis was confirmed by multiplex PCR.
On 2-nil Primary Ideals of Commutative Rings
Authors: Qaralleh izzat , Al-Kaseasbeh Saba , Yetkin Celikel Ece
Published: November 2024

The present article addresses the concept of 2-nil primary ideals in commutative rings, expanding the comprehension of ideal categories such as 2-nil, 2-absorbing and quasi primary ideals. The study explores the characteristics and connections of 2-nil primary ideals, offering a comprehensive framework for understanding their significance in ring theory. The paper presents examples and arguments that illustrate the relationship between 2-nil primary ideals and other well-known classes of ideals, such as prime, primary and n-ideals, while highlighting their differences.Furthermore, we investigate how the $2$-nil primary ideal behaves concerning images and inverse images of homomorphism, quotients, localization, products, and idealizations.
The Management of Children with Chronic Health Problems at School. A Qualitative Study
Authors: Morales Ruiz María del Pilar , Fernández-Medina Isabel María , Alias-Castillo Antonio Javier , Ventura-Miranda María Isabel , Jiménez-Lasserrotte María del Mar , Ruíz-Fernández María Dolores
Published: November 2024

Background: The prevalence of chronic health problems in childhood such as food and respira-tory allergies, endocrine and skin disorders has increased globally. Parents and children experi-ence difficulties in managing their illness that reduce their quality of life and increase the pres-ence of negative feelings such as fear or anxiety during school hours. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe and understand the parents’ experiences and opinions on the management of children with chronic health problems during school hours. Methods: A qualitative descrip-tive study design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 parents (1 male and 16 female) who have children with a chronic health problem between September 2022 and June 2023. The data were analyzed with the help of a qualitative data analysis software. The COREQ checklist was used to develop the study. Results: Two themes and four sub themes emerged from the data analysis: 1) Parents’s perceptions of the school nurse with the subthemes 1.1. The school nurse: an indispensable figure in the care of children with chronic health prob-lems and 1.2. The need for a school nurse as a support system in the educational environment; 2) Chronic pediatric health problems: a challenge for parents and children with the subthemes 2.1. The emotional impact of having a child with a chronic health problem and 2.2. The lack of re-sources in school for children with chronic health problems. Conclusions: Children with chronic health problems are unprotected during school hours due to the absence of a school nurse. Par-ents and teachers have to cope with their care without the necessary knowledge, which makes it difficult to manage children with chronic health problems in the school environment.
Exploring Viral Interactions in Clavibacter Species: In Silico Analysis of Prophage Prevalence and Antiviral Defenses
Authors: Rubí-Rangel Lucía Margarita , León-Félix Josefina , Villicaña Claudia
Published: November 2024

Clavibacter is a phytopathogenic genus that causes severe diseases in economically important crops, yet the role of prophages in their evolution, pathogenicity and adaptation remains poorly understood. In this study, we used PHASTER, Prophage Hunter, and VirSorter2 to identify prophage-like sequences in publicly available Clavibacter genomes. Prophage predictions were checked by hand to make them more accurate. We identified 353 prophages, predominantly in chromosomes, with some detected prophages in plasmids. Most prophages exhibited traits of advanced domestication, such as an unimodal genome length distribution, reduced numbers of integrases, and minimal transposable elements, suggesting long-term interactions with their bacterial hosts. Comparative genomic analyses uncovered high genetic diversity, with distinct prophage clusters showing species-specific and interspecies conservation patterns. Functional annotation revealed prophage-encoded genes were involved in sugar metabolism, heavy metal resistance, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance, highlighting their contribution to host fitness and environmental adaptation. Defense system analyses revealed that, despite lacking CRISPR-Cas, Clavibacter genomes harbor diverse antiviral systems, including PD-Lambda-1, AbiE and MMB_gp29_gp30, some encoded within prophages. These findings underscore the pervasive presence of prophages in Clavibacter and their role in shaping bacterial adaptability and evolution.
Optimization of Imaging Reconnaissance Systems Using Super-Resolution: Efficiency Analysis in Interference Conditions
Authors: Bistroń Marta , Piotrowski Zbigniew
Published: November 2024

Image reconnaissance systems are critical to modern military operations, where the ability to accurately detect and identify objects is crucial. However, distortions in real-world operational conditions, such as motion blur, noise and compression artifacts, often degrade image quality, affecting the performance of detection systems. This study analyzed the impact of super-resolution (SR) technology, in particular the Real-ESRGAN model, on the performance of a detection model under disturbed conditions. The methodology involved training and evaluating the Faster R-CNN detection model with original and modified data sets. The results showed that SR significantly improved detection precision and mAP in most interference scenarios. These findings underscore SR's potential to improve military imaging systems, while identifying key areas for future development and further research.
An Improved Multi-Threshold Data Quality Control Algorithm for W-Band Cloud Radar Based on K-means Clustering
Authors: Shi Zhao , Huang LingJiang , Wu Fengyuan , Lei Yong , Wang Huiying , Tang Zhiya
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the application of an improved multi-threshold method based on the K-means algorithm for data quality control in W-band cloud and fog radar observations. Utilizing W-band millimeter-wave cloud and fog radar data collected from March to July 2023 in the Qingdao area, a dataset of cloud and fog echo of different types was constructed and statistically analyzed. Subsequently, a multi-threshold quality control method was proposed to identify and eliminate abnormal interferences such as noise spikes, radial interference, and suspended matter clutter. This method employs the basic data and spatio-temporal information from the cloud radar as feature variables for K-means clustering and dynamically adjusts thresholds based on the clustering results. The quality-controlled data were further used for the verification analysis of cloud and fog identification . The results demonstrate that the proposed multi-threshold method effectively removes clutter and significantly reduces the impact of clutter on cloud and fog echo under weather conditions where clouds, fog, and cloud-fog coexist, while controlling the loss of cloud and fog echo within the required accuracy range.
Giving Less Power to Statistical Power
Authors: Higgs Megan , Amrhein Valentin
Published: November 2024

Researchers often need to justify their choice of sample size, particularly in fields such as animal research, where there are obvious ethical concerns about relying on too many or too few study subjects. The common approach is still to depend on statistical power calculations, typically carried out using simple formulas and default values. Over-reliance on power, however, not only carries the baggage of statistical hypothesis tests that have been criticized for decades, but also blocks an opportunity to strengthen the research in the design phase by learning about challenges in interpretation before the study is carried out. We recommend constructing a “quantitative backdrop” in the planning stage of a study, which means explicitly connecting ranges of possible research outcomes to their expected real-life implications. Such a backdrop can then in principle serve to identify single values of interest for use in traditional power analyses; or better, inform sample size investigations based on the goal of achieving an interval width narrow enough to distinguish values deemed practically or clinically important from those not representing practically meaningful effects. The latter bases calculations on a desired precision (rather than desired power) and relies on meaningful context rather than estimates obtained from previous research. Sample size justification should not be seen as an automatic math exercise with a right answer, but as a nuanced a priori investigation of measurement, design, analysis, and interpretation challenges.
Immunohistochemical Characterization of Feline Giant Cell Tumor of Bone (GCTb): What We Know and What We Can Learn from the Human Counterpart
Authors: Porcellato Ilaria , Giglia Giuseppe , Leonardi Leonardo
Published: November 2024

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTb), formerly also known as osteoclastoma, is a pathological entity that in veterinary medicine is still undefined and, probably, underdiagnosed. In humans, GCTb, is recognized as a primary benign bone tumor, locally aggressive, with high local recurrence rates, with controversial histogenesis that can rarely progress or present as a malignant form.
In pets, this tumor is still considered rare, though the possibility of underdiagnosis is significant. Hence, the aim of the present study is to provide a histological and immunohistochemical characterization of a small case series of presumptive feline GCTb, comparing our results to the data reported for the human counterpart.
Searching our archive we found, from 2010 to 2023, only three diagnosed cases of feline GCTb. After diagnosis revision, the samples were submitted to immunohistochemistry for Iba1, TRAP, SATB2, RUNX2, RANK, karyopherin α2 (KPNA-2), and osteocalcin. Ki-67 index was also evaluated.
Results showed that the multinucleated giant cells were positive for Iba1, TRAP, and RANK, accounting for their osteoclastic origin. On the other side, mononuclear cells were mostly positive for osteoblast markers such as RUNX2, SATB2, and KPNA-2, whereas tumor-associated macrophages, showed positivity for Iba1. Hence, results were comparable to those described in the human form of the tumor.
Currently, diagnostic criteria for GCTBs in cats and, in domestic animals more broadly, are still lacking. Larger case series, complete with follow-up information, molecular analyses for specific mutations, and imaging of both tumor and patients, are needed to improve identification and achieve greater sensitivity in diagnosing this unique tumor.
Sodium Disorders and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review
Authors: Tran Vivie , Flores Jackeline , Sheldon Meagan , Pena Camilo , Nugent Kenneth
Published: November 2024

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) cause direct central nervous system injury. The presentation depends on the location, the type, and the injury severity. Additional injury may develop secondary to compression, disruption of cerebral perfusion, and changes in sodium levels resulting in either cellular edema or dehydration. Plasma osmolality (Posm) is a critical parameter influenced by solute concentrations, including sodium, glucose, and urea, and is a relevant concern when considering sodium levels in these patients. While Posm can be calculated using a standard formula, direct measurement via osmometry offers better accuracy. It is essential to differentiate between osmolality and tonicity; the latter refers specifically to effective solutes that drive water movement in the extracellular fluid. Sodium and its anions are effective solutes, whereas urea and glucose have variable effects due to their permeability and insulin dependence. Following TBI, dysregulation of osmoregulation may occur and affect neurological outcomes. Osmoreceptors in the brain regulate arginine vasopressin secretion in response to changes in effective solute concentrations, with sodium chloride and mannitol being potent stimuli. The regulation of plasma osmolality, typically maintained within ±5% of a 280-295 mOsm/kg H2O range, is crucial for homeostasis and relies on antidiuresis and thirst mechanisms. This review underscores the complexities of osmoregulation in the context of TBI and its clinical implications, particularly concerning the development of conditions, such as diabetes insipidus, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, and abnormal thirst.
In-Depth Analysis of Motorcycle Fatal Accidents – Case Study Slovenia
Authors: Tollazzi Tomaž , Parežnik Laura Brigita , Gruden Chiara , Renčelj Marko
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyse fatal motorcycle accidents in Slovenia over 10 years, highlighting key factors contributing to these incidents. The study integrates data from four databases to evaluate accident trends, infrastructural elements, and rider behaviour through a multi-stage analysis. Results indicate that excessive speed, incorrect direction, and overtaking manoeuvres are primary causes of fatal accidents, especially on non-urban roads. Single-vehicle accidents frequently involve collisions with roadside objects, including safety barriers and poles, highlighting the need for targeted infrastructural improvements. Statistical analysis reveals that seven factors statistically influenced the behaviour of motorcyclists and caused the accident: three human factors (age, gender, experience), one infrastructural factor (pavement width), and three external conditions (accident type, cause, and location). This study provides a foundation for future research on less severe accidents and proactive risk behaviour analysis, aiming to improve motorcyclist safety comprehensively.
Impact of Early Threonine Supplementation on Gut Tissue Morphology, Liver Histology, and the Possible Changes in Leukocyte Numbers of Broilers
Authors: Halas Veronika , Áprily Szilvia , Nagy József , Turbók Janka , Tischler Annamária , Szeli Nóra Katalin , Petnehazy Ors , Orsolya Csötönyi , Enyezdi Judit , Ács Virág
Published: November 2024

Slaughter weight and feed efficiency are highly dependent on the length of post-hatch feed deprivation, due to the short fattening time. Late feed access has negative consequences on the development of the intestine, while threonine might be a candidate to support epithelial tissue development. The present study aimed to examine the effects of different early nutrition methods, particularly early Thr supplementation on the performance, gut and liver histomorphology, and the number of different leukocyte types in broiler chicken. Control birds were fed immediately post-hatch, while others had access to solid feed with a 48-hour delay. In one group in ovo threonine, administration was applied at d17 of incubation, while other groups of birds received hydrogel with or without Thr fortification in the first 48h. Our results confirmed that the best performance was achieved in birds that had no delay in feed access. Early Thr supplementation could at least partly compensate for the loss attributed to the post-hatch delay in feed access. The higher ability of compensation can be explained by the better architecture of the gut tissue, while there were no significant effects of Thr supplementation on the rate of leukocytes and liver histology parameters.
Recent Advances and Future Directions in Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal
Authors: Lamas Tomás , Fernandes Susana M. , Vasques Francesco , Karagiannidis Christian , Camporota Luigi , Barret Nicholas
Published: November 2024

Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) is an emerging technique designed to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in venous blood while enabling lung-protective ventilation or alleviating the work of breathing. Unlike high-flow extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), ECCO2R operates at lower blood flows (0.4–1.5 L/min), making it less invasive, with smaller cannulas and simpler devices. Despite encouraging results in controlling respiratory acidosis, its broader adoption is hindered by complications, including haemolysis, thrombosis, and bleeding.
Technological advances, including enhanced membrane design, gas exchange efficiency, and anti-coagulation strategies, are essential to improving safety and efficacy. Innovations such as wearable prototypes that adapt CO2 removal to patient activity and catheter-based systems for lower blood flow are expanding the potential applications of ECCO2R, including as a bridge to lung transplantation and in outpatient settings. Promising experimental approaches include respiratory dialysis, carbonic anhydrase-coated membranes, and electrodialysis to maximise CO2 removal.
Further research is needed to optimise device performance, develop cost-effective systems, and establish standardised protocols for safe clinical implementation. As the technology matures, integration with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning may personalise therapy, improving outcomes. Ongoing clinical trials will be pivotal in addressing these challenges, ultimately enhancing the role of ECCO2R in critical care and its accessibility across healthcare settings.
Aplikasi Mesin Pompa dan Filter dalam Mengatasi Masalah Kualitas Air Kolam Ikan Patin di Kelurahan Rumbai Bukit
Authors: Hasibuan Saberina , Aryani Netti , Darfia Novreta Ersyi , Mainil Rahmat Imam , Irfansyah Irfansyah , Muliadi Indra , Sari Tiya Novita , Launa Annisa , Thulwhusqo Mardiah , Sibatuara Yohana Mery Christin , Arisda Azzura Maghfira Putri , Putri Naura Azka , GharDini Annisa , Ramadhani Runaily
Published: November 2024

Ikan Patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) merupakan komoditas utama perikanan di Kelurahan Rumbai Bukit. Permasalahan yang sering dialami pelaku budidaya ikan patin adalah berkurangnya air di musim kemarau dan menurunnya kualitas air akibat penumpukan zat pengotor. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, dilakukan penyuluhan pengaruh penggunaan mesin pompa dan filter air terhadap peningkatan kualitas air kolam. Kolam ikan patin terdiri dari 3 kolam yang tersusun secara seri, dengan perbedaan elevasi 4-7 Mdpl. Pompa dengan debit rata-rata 0,44 m/detik digunakan untuk menarik air kolam nomor 3 ke kolam nomor 1 masuk ke instalasi filter air.  Bahan filter disusun secara vertikal dalam drum bervolume 120 L, dari dasar ke atas adalah batu bata, batu zeolite, batu kerikil, palm fiber/ijuk, busa filter, batu kerikil, batu bata, dan busa filter. Pipa inlet air dari bawah drum filter dan pipa outlet membawa air tersering ke atas dan meluncur ke kolan nomor 1dan menuju ke kolam nomor 2. Perubahan kualitas air kolam yang terjadi sebelum dipasang pompa dan filter adalah sebagai berikut, kondisi pH berkisar 6,5-6,7 meningkat setelah difilter menjadi 7,2-8,4, TDS yang sebelumnya 66-70 ppm menurun menjadi 58-62 ppm setelah difilter, dan suhu air berkisar 27-34⁰C. Peningkatan mutu kualitas air sudah sangat sesuai untuk pemeliharaan ikan patin.
Penerapan Tiga Akses Teknologi Informasi Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Sumber Daya Dalam Pembangunan Kampung Inspirasi
Authors: Tyas Devi Aryaning , Lestari Winda Budi , Yudha Bayu Cahya Khurnia , Suratno Henri Bambang , Amal Iqbal Ikhlasul , Nugraha Ardyas Setya , Hasan Muhammad , Wiryawan I Gede
Published: November 2024

Implementation of Three Information Technology Access Points as an Effort to Enhance Resources in the Development of Kampung Inspirasi. Sumbersalak village, Ledokombo District, Jember Regency is located at the foot of Mount Raung, with the geographical conditions of many coffee plantations. The majority of the people there work as coffee farmers and breeders of goats or cattle. There is the Sekar Wangi farmer group, a collection of several potential residents with visionary souls. The activities carried out by the farmer groups range from making Arabica and Robusta coffee. All community activities are carried out at Rumah Inspiration. The place is for various activities, including children's learning activities, making compost, and even the Sekar Wangi farmer group center. One of the informants we interviewed was the head of the farmer group in Sumbersalak Village. From the survey, the majority of people work as coffee farmers, and many piles of coffee skin waste and livestock manure are left unattended so that they can pollute the environment. Residents usually sell the coffee skin itself for 300 rupiahs per kilogram. Therefore, a design was made regarding the manufacture of compost from coffee husk waste and livestock manure using a compost mixer with digital technology. It aims to utilize waste which can later be utilized as a result in organic compost by coffee farmers and traded online through e-commerce so that more people know about this product, it can improve the economy of the Sumbersalak villagers later.