bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Export Specialization of the Fuel and Energy Complex of the Far Eastern Federal District: The Impact of Sanctions Restrictions
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Dyomina Olga , Mazitova Marina ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: January 2023

The article considers the role of the eastern vector of supplies in Russia’s foreign energy strategy. It is shown that the strengthening of the priority of the development of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Far East. The share of the Far Eastern energy recourses in Russian export flows increased. The share of the Far East in Russian energy export to the countries of NEA-3 where from 28.6 to 52.8% in 2021. Three main periods of sanctions restrictions on the Russian fuel and energy complex were distinguished: 2014–2016, 2017–2021 and 2022. The 1st period characterized by deterioration in access to technologies for the development of unconventional oil. Within the 2nd period, existing sanctions were expanded and restrictions to Russian pipeline projects were added. The 3d period characterized by sanctions on all sectors of the fuel and energy complex, an embargo on the supply of Russian energy resources, affecting the supply and maintenance of equipment under current contracts. The scope of the sanctions of the NEA-3 countries varied. Japan has joined the sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union in the financial and economic, trade, technological, and transport sectors. The Republic of Korea has joined the sanctions in financial and economic areas. China has not officially joined the sanctions against Russia, but complies with the restrictions imposed by the United States, the violation of which implies the imposition of secondary sanctions. The dynamics of exports of Russian energy resources in 2022 for the main commodity items of the fuel and energy complex is analyzed on the import statistics of the NEA-3 countries. It is shown that there was a decrease in demand for Russian oil due to the refusal of large oil and gas companies of the NEA-3 countries from spot purchases, a reduction in oil supplies to Japan and the Republic of Korea due to the shutdown of the «Sakhalin-1» project, demand for coal had a multidirectional character (reduction of exports to Japan, growth to China and the Republic of Korea)
Retail Bank Lending in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Sanctions Restrictions: Features of the Russian Far East
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Leonov Sergey , Trop Tatiana ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: January 2023

In the context of the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and the aggravation of the sanctions burden caused by the special military operation of the Russian Federation in the territories of Ukraine, the Donetsk People’s Republic and the Lugansk People’s Republic, household lending was at particular risk. The article examines the dynamics and structure of lending to individuals for 2015–2022 both in Russia as a whole and on the example of a large macroregion, which is the Russian Far East. To identify statistical patterns, general scientific methods based on official statistics published by the Bank of Russia were used. It is shown that in the Far East, as well as in the country as a whole, both segments of retail lending (mortgage and consumer loans) reacted negatively to the «pandemic» crisis of 2020 (April) and to the «sanctions» crisis of 2022 (March – April), but the severity of the reaction was different. The main factor in the decline in retail lending in April 2020 was the fall in consumer lending, the same factor explained the fall in retail lending by 100% in March 2022, but in April 2022, 90% of the fall in retail lending was explained by the decline in mortgage housing lending. Thanks to the reduction by the Bank of Russia of the key rate and, accordingly, the weighted average rates of bank lending, the provision of credit holidays, mass refinancing and restructuring of loans, the Russian government managed to dampen the impact of shocks on the parameters of the Far Eastern retail credit market. As a result, in 2020–2021, the volume of lending to the population of the Far East increased by 54.9% (compared to an increase of 48.5% in the Russian Federation as a whole), while the share of overdue loans in the Far Eastern subjects of the Russian Federation was not only lower than the average Russian indicator, but also decreased faster
Nowoścć wydawnicza: Geografia społeczno-ekonomiczna: doświadczenia, szanse i wyzwania w procesie kształcenia
Authors: Redakcja czasopisma _RRPR
Published: January 2023

Nowość wydawnicza: Geografia społeczno-ekonomiczna: doświadczenia, szanse i wyzwania w procesie kształcenia, Geografia społeczno-ekonomiczna:doświadczenia, szanse i wyzwania w procesie kształcenia,  pod redakcją Anny Kołodziejczak i Lidii Mierzejewskiej, Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań 2021
Publikacja poświęcona jest określeniu miejsca i roli geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej w kształceniu geografów, a także rozważaniom nad przyszłością i kształtem geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej jako dyscypliny naukowej w procesie dydaktyki geografii w kontekście wyzwań przed nią stawianych.Nawiązuje przy tym do najnowszych problemów, także tych, które pojawiły się w efekcie pandemii COVID-19.
Oddziaływanie kierunku produkcji gospodarstw rolnych regionów Wielkopolski i Śląska na koszty ogólnogospodarcze
Authors: Kubala Sebastian
Published: January 2023

Głównym celem pracy było zbadanie zależności między kierunkiem produkcji gospodarstw rolnych w regionie Wielkopolski i Śląska a poszczególnymi rodzajami ponoszonych przez nie kosztów ogólnogospodarczych. Do realizacji celu badawczego wykorzystano jednoczynnikową wariancję ANOVA. Do zobrazowania kierunków produkcji posłużono się danymi odnoszącymi się do typów rolniczych wyróżnionych w bazie FADN. Badania skupiają się na 4 rodzajach kosztów ogólnogospodarczych związanych z prowadzoną działalnością produkcyjną. Okres badawczy objął lata 2005–2020. Wyniki wskazują, że istnieje znaczne zróżnicowanie w poziomie ponoszonych kosztów ogólnogospodarczych przez gospodarstwa rolne ukierunkowane na produkcję roślinną i zwierzęcą.
Off-budget revenues and debt limit in municipalities in the Wielkopolska
Authors: Białek-Jaworska Anna , Jaworski Robert , Wachowiak Artur
Published: January 2023

The paper aims to assess whether the size of municipal off-budget activities carried out by municipally-owned companies (MOCs) depends on the municipality’s outstanding debt and unused debt capacity. The fiscal debt rule limits municipal debt capacity based on the individual debt ratio. In other words, the article attempts to establish whether and to what extent the size of off-budget financing through fees for local public services provided by MOCs depends on the municipality’s financial situation. We use panel data of 89 municipalities in Wielkopolska voivodeship (499 observations) retrieved from consolidated financial statements, reports on surplus/deficit of municipalities for 2010–2018, the Bank of Local Data and information on the MOC’s ownership structure and revenue volume obtained from the Orbis database. The models were estimated by the General Method of Moments (GMM) on a total sample of all municipal shareholders of MOCs in the Wielkopolska voivodeship. We show that municipalities shifted off-budget activities in response to fiscal debt limit restrictions valid since 2014 and election years. Furthermore, the structure and size of budgeted activity are linked to municipal activities’ relative opportunity costs. It is because increasing municipal fees generates lower political costs than raising taxes or local fees. Thus, we show that the fiscal debt constraint introduced in 2014 raises the scale of shifting expenditure off-budget using MOCs in the Wielkopolska voivodeship.
Zasady polityki przestrzennej deklarowane w studiach uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego gmin miejskich województwa wielkopolskiego
Authors: Rynio Dorota , Zakrzewska-Półtorak Alicja
Published: January 2023

We współczesnych uwarunkowaniach społeczno-gospodarczych istotny jest odpowiedzialny proces programowania rozwoju miast, który uwzględnia dostosowanie do trendów ogólnoświatowych, a jednocześnie podkreśla endogeniczne walory i umożliwia rozwiązywanie wyzwań stojących przed danym terytorium, z zastosowaniem zasady elastyczności. Gminy miejskie powinny w sposób szczególny podchodzić do zagospodarowania przestrzeni; ich zadaniem staje się zwłaszcza położenie nacisku na zwartość struktury funkcjonalno-przestrzennej, ład przestrzenny i wyznaczniki zrównoważonego rozwoju. Celem artykułu jest usystematyzowanie i ocena wybranych zasad polityki przestrzennej zadeklarowanych do realizacji w gminach miejskich województwa wielkopolskiego. Analiza została przeprowadzona w oparciu o zaproponowane przez autorki kryteria, istotne z punktu widzenia zrównoważonego rozwoju badanych miast. Dotyczą one przede wszystkim: podejścia do zwartości zabudowy, roli przestrzeni publicznych, zieleni czy wielofunkcyjności poszczególnych części miasta.
Miejscowy Plan Rewitalizacji „Jabłkowskiego– Podgórze” w Kaliszu – nadzieja zmian w kreacji polityki przestrzennej w Polsce
Authors: Korbel Wojciech
Published: January 2023

Z końcem 2021 r. Rada Miasta Kalisza uchwaliła Miejscowy Plan Rewitalizacji „Jabłkowskiego–Podgórze”. Po raz pierwszy w Polsce stworzono nowy instrument polityki przestrzennej oparty na ustanowionych w 2015 r. fakultatywnych zapisach ustawy o rewitalizacji. Na tle przyczyn, jakie legły u podstaw stworzenia przedmiotowego planu, rodzajów wykorzystanych w nim narzędzi systemowych oraz osiągniętych rezultatów, prezentowana praca skupia uwagę na roli nowych narzędzi urbanistyki operacyjnej i potencjale ich oddziaływania na kształtowaną lokalnie przestrzeń. Analiza procesu powstawania miejscowego planu rewitalizacji z symulacją jego możliwego wpływu na kształt wybranych wnętrz urbanistycznych ukazuje zarówno mocne strony, jak i słabości przyjętych planem rozwiązań. Praca podejmuje też problem dotychczasowej marginalizacji znaczenia miejscowego planu rewitalizacji w polityce przestrzennej polskich gmin i daleko idącej potrzeby zmian w sposobie jej kształtowania.
На маргінесі лінгвістичних студій: до питання про польські впливи у формулярі «руських» привілейних грамот
Authors: Геращенко Ольга М.
Published: January 2023

The study of the links between the style of Ruthenian deeds from the second half of the 16th – the mid-17th centuries and their Polish counterparts have just been started in Ukrainian historical linguistics. This paper aims to analyse the role of Polish acts and act language in the development of certain linguistic formulas in the Ruthenian privilege deeds from the second half of the 16th – the mid-17th centuries. The sections of inscriptio, promulgatio, salutatio, sanctio, datum, and subscriptio are at the heart of the research. At the stylistic level, in Ukraine the Ruthenian privilege deeds were proved to clearly follow the Polish documents, possibly due to the expansion of the Polish documents and the language: compulsory and prestigious among educated people. The influence manifests itself in the following way: the deeds where the inscriptio has a list of addressees became typical; the promulgatio went after the inscriptio; the salutatio received Polish-like linguistic formulas and – if this section appears – there was no promulgatio; the new prohibition formulas in the sanctio as well as the absence of corroboratio and vice versa; the establishment of formula sequence in the datum as well as the fixation of three date variants (short, medium, and expanded), and the modification of the datum formulas according to the Polish pattern; the Ruthenian deed subsciptio cogenty influenced by the Polish document (inter alia, king’s Latin signatures, Polish pattern of Ruthenian signatures); the presence of some clichés (not related to certain clauses) either formed according to the Polish pattern or used in the Ruthenian acts with expansion of such patterns; the support of verbal amplification as a mean of stylistic precept.
Iazyk moy pouczytsia prawdi twoiey»: слов’яноруські вставки польською графікою у трактаті Лазаря Барановича
Authors: Геращенко Ольга М. , Штефан Антон П.
Published: January 2023

The article draws attention to the Slavenrosska phonetics analysing the Slavenorosski insertions in Polish graphics in Lazar Baranovych’s theological treatise “Notiy pięć ran Chrystvsowych pięс” (1680). These insertions reflect the epoch’s tendencies in pronouncing the Slavenorosski texts by the speakers of Northern Ukrainian (Eastern Polisyen) patois, e.g. prove the well-established pronunciation of ѣ as [і]. The pronunciation of labials, velars, pharyngeal and [н’] before the front vowel [і] was systematicallysoft. The sibilant sounds, on the contrary, were hard (the corresponding letters were always followed by a y, not an i). The variations ri/ry, ti/ty, li/ly, si/sy, di/dy show an [и] sound that replaced the former [i], and the history of language corroborates this fact. The document presents the palatalized pronunciation of velars as well as the pharyngeal before the front vowel (it surely was an [i]) replacing their hard pronunciation before vowels). The hard pronunciation of consonants before an [e] and the fricative pronunciation of Slavenorosska г was confirmed. The Cyrillic щ was pronounced as a combination of two hard sibilants [шч]. The treatise recorded the hard pronunciation of the final stem sound [р] while the etymologically soft pronunciation inside the stem remains systematically intact. The document records the hard pronunciation of [ц] at the stem end of masculine nouns. The nominative and accusative forms of singular masculine adjectives are mostly pronounced with a reduced final [ǐ]. Proper names of Greek origin could have a fricative or, less frequently, a plosive pronunciation in lieu of γ, ѳ mainly sounded as [фт]. In the king’s name, it was transliterated as th.
Ortografie współczesnego piśmiennictwa śląskojęzycznego
Authors: Jaroszewicz Henryk
Published: January 2023

Over the past two decades, Silesian literature has been written in eleven different types of orthography, the most important of which are the classical, neo-Steuer and “slabikŏrzowa” orthographies. Other orthographic proposals, e.g. by D. Dyrda, B. Kallus, P. Kalinowski, H. Kaluza, R. Wencel, did not become popular and were abandoned rather quickly. As a result, contemporary Silesian literature was dominated by the “ślabikŏrzowa” spelling, gaining popularity due to its conservative form and the support of the most essential Silesian publishing houses. However, an obstacle to the complete stabilisation of Silesian orthography is the variant spelling of “ślabikŏrzowa” (“full “ślabikorz” and simplified “ślabikŏrz”) and no detailed, explicative normative works (i.e. orthographic dictionary, grammar).
Drivers of Model Uncertainty for Urban Runoff in a Tropical Climate: The Effect of Rainfall Variability and Subcatchment Parameterization
Authors:   Thammasat University, Irvine Kim , Chua Lloyd ,   Deakin University, Ashrafi Mohammad ,   Nanyang Technological University, Loc Ho Huu ,   Asian Institute of Technology, Le Song Ha ,   Surbana Jurong Consultants Pte Ltd
Published: January 2023

Urbanization continues to increase in countries with tropical climates and this trend, combined with the likely increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events due to a changing climate, places such development at risk and in need of resiliency assessment. Conceptual models to assess runoff dynamics can be an important component of resiliency assessment, but there are comparatively less data to calibrate these models than are available in the global north. As such, there also is less information with respect to the drivers of model uncertainty and sensitivity. To address this gap in knowledge, we summarize the calibration results of PCSWMM for subcatchment areas in a tropical climate study catchment for which there are substantial rainfall and runoff data. Subsequently, we used the calibrated model to evaluate the impact that rain gauge density may have on runoff estimates. We also investigated the sensitivity of PCSWMM peak flow and total volume estimates to physical subcatchment parameters other than rainfall. With between 38 and 87 events captured for each monitoring station, the NSE, r2, and ISE ratings varied, but generally were in the respective ranges 0.7–0.8, 0.79–0.85, and good–excellent. It can be concluded that PCSWMM performed well in representing the tropical storm events. The rainfall pattern in the study catchment exhibited considerable spatial variability, both annually and seasonally, with annual rainfall increasing from 2063 mm near the coast to 3100 mm less than 17 km further inland. While the model was sensitive to %imperviousness, subcatchment width, impervious Manning’s n, and, to a lesser extent, various surface storage and infiltration parameters, the spatial variability of rainfall had the greatest impact on model uncertainty.
Effects of phytoestrogens combined with cold stress on sperm parameters and testicular proteomics in rats
Authors: Panpan Zhang , Alifu Nurbiah , Sataer Meiheriguli , Yiming Adilijiang , Amuti Siyiti , Wenjing Ma , Binghua Wang
Published: January 2023

Phytoestrogens and cold negatively influence male fertility. However, the combined effects of these two factors on male reproduction remain unknown. Herein, we studied the changes of sperm parameters and identify potential biomarkers involved in testis of rats, which were intervened by phytoestrogens combined with cold stress. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and model groups. The rats in the model group were fed an estrogen diet and placed in a climate chamber [10 ± 2°C; humidity of 75 ± 5%] for 12 h/daily. When compared with the control group after 24 weeks, the rats in the model group showed increased food intake, urine and stool outputs, and higher estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels. However, lower sperm concentration, motility, and viability, and reduced testosterone levels were detected. The epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules and epididymal ducts presented morphological abnormalities. Proteomic analysis showed that 24 testicular proteins were upregulated and 15 were downregulated. The identified proteins were involved in reticulophagy and stress response. Our findings suggest that the phytoestrogens combined with cold stress had negative effects on the reproductive function of male rats and provide the basis for the establishment of “course simulation” type of oligospermia animal model.
Pomegranate attenuates kidney injury in cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by suppressing oxidative stress
Authors: Mortada Wael I. , Matter Yasser , Khater Sherry M. , Barakat Nashwa M. , El-Tantawy Fatma M.
Published: January 2023

To investigate the effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) on the cyclosporine (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, 80 rats were divided into four groups. The first group was regarded a negative control group, and the others were as follows: group 2 (CsA group) received CsA in a dose of 25 mg/kg/day orally, group 3 (treated group) received CsA in a dose of 25 mg/kg/day plus 2.5 mL/day of PJ, and group 4 (PJ group) received 2.5 mL of PJ daily. By the end of the 21st day, plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine clearance, urinary KIM-1, and NGAL were determined. Histopathological investigation and the determination of malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed in kidney tissues. The results show that plasma creatinine, BUN, creatinine clearance, and kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were significantly altered in the CsA group. The supplement of PJ attenuated the alteration in these parameters. The treatment with PJ also prohibits the CsA-induced alteration in the histopathology, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes. We can conclude that PJ protects against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity due to its antioxidant effects.
Semantic components of laughter behavior: a lexical field study of 14 translations ofOne Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest
Authors: Gironzetti Elisa , Hempelmann Christian F. , Aldawsari Adel , Balali Sarvenaz , Chłopicki Władysław , Ergül Hilal , Huang Meichan , Laineste Liisi , Menjo Shigehito , Shilikhina Ksenia
Published: January 2023

This paper builds on a novel methodology of lexical semantics exemplified on lexical field theory by using several translations of Ken Kesey’sOne Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. The present study, a large-scale collaboration, presents and compares the results forlaugh,smile,grin, giggle, and other words for laughter behaviors across 14 languages and in extensive detail. The key results answer the question of what semantic dimensions the vocabularies of the various languages distinguish as marked by lexical contrasts and can inform future research in humor as well as translation studies. Based on our findings, a key marking emerges for audible (e.g., laugh) versus non-audible (e.g., smile) behaviors, as Indo-European vocabularies treat smiling as a less marked variant of laughing, e.g., Germanlächeln, Italiansorridere, Polishuśmiech, Turkishgülüm,but further orthogonal dimensions are documented as well, for example, aggressive, concealed, loud, or suppressed behavior. An updated hierarchy of these semantic features is proposed, and the results are presented in graphic visualizations, which also help illustrate idiosyncrasies of individual languages that go against the general trends. Exceptions to these general trends include lemmata that can cover both audible and inaudible behavior straddling what we claimed is the most important distinction (e.g., Danishgrine). Finally, we outline a probabilistic method to compare word senses across languages based on aligned corpora large enough for computational approaches.
Dietary modeling of greenhouse gases using OECD meat consumption/retail availability estimates
Authors: Lincke Susan J. , Wolf Joy J.
Published: January 2023

Research has demonstrated different carbon footprints, based on portion estimations. However, previous estimates are low and often omit the impact of food waste. For example, a high-level of daily meat consumption has been estimated at 100 g, which is less than a typical “quarter pounder” hamburger. We used the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) annual estimates of national retail availability, and applied a mathematical model to prorate other research results to determine a meat portion equal to current OECD statistics, and also projected the diets to 2500 and 3250 kcal, to include consumer and retail waste. Once prorated, the 14 national studies are contrasted and analyzed for reasonableness against OECD data pertaining to U.S., U.K., E.U., vegetarian and vegan diets. We quantify how previous studies underestimated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and show that previous GHG study results for the highest tier most accurately predict average national dietary consumption.
Phase equilibria of Ni–Al–Pd and Ni–Cr–Pd ternary systems and Ni–Al–Cr–Pd quaternary system at 1423 K
Authors: Yu Wei , Li Zhi , Ke Shengkun , Liu Yan , Zhao Manxiu , Liao Conglai , Hu Jingxian , Ma Dupei
Published: January 2023

In this work, the isothermal sections of the Ni–Al–Pd and Ni–Cr–Pd ternary and the Ni–Al–Cr–Pd quaternary systems at 1423 K, with Ni fixed at 53 at.%, were experimentally determined by scanning electron microscopy, coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Three three-phase regions were confirmed and one three-phase region was deduced in the isothermal section of the Ni–Al–Pd system at 1423 K. No three-phase regions existed in the isothermal section of the Ni–Cr–Pd system at 1423 K. Three three-phase regions were determined in the 1423 K isothermal section of the Ni–Al–Cr–Pd quaternary, with Ni fixed at 53 at.%, and two four-phase regions were deduced.
Metamorphism—an integral transform reducing the order of a differential equation
Authors: Kisil Vladimir V.
Published: January 2023

We propose an integral transform, called metamorphism, which allows us to reduce the order of a differential equation.
For example, the second-order Helmholtz equation is transformed into a first-order equation, which can be solved by the method of characteristics.
Immunotherapy prototype Mark 3.0 model in primary liver cancer: adding locoregional stereotactic therapy and prognostic factors classification management
Authors: Yang Xu , Zhang Nan , Song Yang , Yang Xiaobo , Sang Xinting , Zhao Haitao
Published: January 2023

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor have shown considerable efficacy in several important cancers including primary liver cancer (PLC) like hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. However, only some patients with PLC will benefit, so combination therapy and biomarker classification detected by next-generation sequencing or immunohistochemistry are very important. Herein, we briefly summarize ICI-based therapies and stratify these evolving therapies for advanced PLC into three stages of immunotherapies Mark (Mk.) 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0. We illustrated the significance of ICI monotherapy (Mk. 1.0), offering combinational approaches with traditional strategies (Mk. 2.0) and additional locoregional therapy (Mk. 3.0) to achieve longer survival and even meet the “No Evidence of Disease” status. We also highlight the importance of biomarkers and prognostic factors for patients with advanced PLC treated with ICI-based therapies. Multidisciplinary team management should be investigated and collaborated closely to manage adverse events and sequential therapy suggestions for patients.
The crystal structure of 1-(adamantan-1-yl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)urea, C17H21ClN2O
Authors: Pang Liansu , Shao Xiaojun
Published: January 2023

C17H21ClN2O, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 9.2750(10) Å, b = 12.8640(17) Å, c = 13.483(2) Å, β = 90°, V = 1608.8(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0681, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1361, T = 293 K.
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxylato-κ2
N,O)-cobalt(II) dihydrate, C14H16N6O8Co
Authors: Hong Dong-Feng , Guo Ao , Kou Xian-Ke
Published: January 2023

C14H16N6O8Co, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 6.3520 (6) Å, b = 11.7438 (8) Å, c = 11.7880 (9) Å, β = 96.562 (9)°, V = 873.58 (12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0508, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0982, T = 290 K.
Optimizing the ECAP processing parameters of pure Cu through experimental, finite element, and response surface approaches
Authors: Alateyah Abdulrahman I. , El-Shenawy Mahmoud , Nassef Ahmed , El-Hadek Medhat , Ahmed Mohamed M. Z. , Kouta Hanan , El Sanabary Samar , El-Garaihy Waleed H.
Published: January 2023

The main aim of the current work is to investigate the effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) processing parameters, namely, number of passes, ECAP die angle, route type, and processing temperature on the mechanical and electrical properties of pure copper (Cu). The finite element method was used to simulate the homogeneity of stress and plastic strain distribution during ECAP processing. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to identify the optimum ECAP processing parameters by analyzing the impact of ECAP conditions on responses. A second-order regression model and analysis of variance were created to analyze the ECAP condition of optimum responses. A genetic algorithm (GA) was also applied to optimize the ECAP condition. Finally, a hybrid RSM–GA was created to improve the optimization of ECAP responses and corresponding conditions evaluated using GA. The developed models were validated and compared with the experimental findings to prove that they are reliable as predictive tools. The optimization findings revealed that route Bc was more effective in improving the hardness, yield stress, ductility, and impact energy whereas route A was more effective in improving the ultimate tensile strength and the electrical conductivity of the Cu billets. Furthermore, the optimum die angle, number of passes, and processing temperature for the mechanical and electrical properties were also identified individually.
Effects of Exercise-Based Interventions on Physical Activity Levels in Persons With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
Authors: Martín-Núñez Javier , Calvache-Mateo Andrés , López-López Laura , Heredia-Ciuró Alejandro , Cabrera-Martos Irene , Rodríguez-Torres Janet , Valenza Marie Carmen
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose:

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. Symptom severity leads to devastating consequences such as falls, immobility, impaired quality of life, and reduced general activity. Adopting a sedentary lifestyle creates a vicious circle, as physical inactivity can negatively affect the clinical domains of PD. Despite the recognition of the disease-modifying potential of physical activity (PA), achieving adequate exercise levels can be challenging for individuals with PD. This study aimed to investigate the repercussions of exercise-based interventions to improve PA levels in persons with PD through a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Methods:

A search was conducted from database inception to February 2021 across 3 databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Randomized controlled trials were included if they involved persons with PD, outcome measures associated with PA levels, and an exercise-based intervention. Two reviewers performed independent data extraction and methodologic quality assessment of the studies using the Downs and Black quality checklist.

Results:

A total of 6 studies were included in the study (1251 persons with PD). Four intervention types were identified: balance, strength, aerobic, and multimodal exercise (combination of several types of exercise programs). The meta-analysis showed that exercise interventions have a positive effect on PA (standard mean difference = 0.50, 95% CI =−0.02, 1.00; P = .06). The risk of bias was generally low.

Conclusions:

The findings support the use of exercise-based interventions (aerobic exercise, balance exercise, strength exercise, and/or multimodal exercise) to improve PA levels. However, the limited number of studies and the heterogeneity of the interventions do not allow us to draw a definitive conclusion.
Functional Threshold Power Field Test Exceeds Laboratory Performance in Junior Road Cyclists
Authors: Vinetti Giovanni , Rossi Huber , Bruseghini Paolo , Corti Marco , Ferretti Guido , Piva Simone , Taboni Anna , Fagoni Nazzareno
Published: January 2023

Vinetti, G, Rossi, H, Bruseghini, P, Corti, M, Ferretti, G, Piva, S, Taboni, A, and Fagoni, N. The functional threshold power field test exceeds laboratory performance in junior road cyclists. J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1815–1820, 2023—The functional threshold power (FTP) field test is appealing for junior cyclists, but it was never investigated in this age category, and even in adults, there are few data on FTP collected in field conditions. Nine male junior road cyclists (16.9 ± 0.8 years) performed laboratory determination of maximal aerobic power (MAP), 4-mM lactate threshold (P4mM), critical power (CP), and the curvature constant (W′), plus a field determination of FTP as 95% of the average power output during a 20-minute time trial in an uphill road. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Outdoor FTP (269 ± 34 W) was significantly higher than CP (236 ± 24 W) and P4mM (233 ± 23 W). The

of the field FTP test (66.9 ± 4.4 ml·kg−1·min−1) was significantly higher than the

assessed in the laboratory (62.7 ± 3.7 ml·kg−1·min−1). Functional threshold power was correlated, in descending order, with MAP (r = 0.95), P4mM (r = 0.94), outdoor and indoor

(r = 0.93 and 0.93, respectively), CP (r = 0.84), and W′ (r = 0.66). It follows that in junior road cyclists, the FTP field test was feasible and related primarily to aerobic endurance parameters and secondarily, but notably, to W′. However, the FTP field test significantly exceeded all laboratory performance tests. When translating laboratory results to outdoor uphill conditions, coaches and sport scientists should consider this discrepancy, which may be particularly enhanced in this cycling age category.
Correlations Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers Concentration and Severity of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Tarasiuk Joanna , Kapica-Topczewska Katarzyna , Szczepański Michał , Kochanowicz Jan , Mroczko Barbara , Kułakowska Alina
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the concentration of the 42 amino acid isoform of Aβ (Aβ1-42), Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 (42 amino acid isoform of Aβ/40 amino acid isoform of Aβ) ratio, Tau and hyperphosphorylated Tau (pTau) protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients diagnosed with Alzheimer disease (AD) and to compare their correlations with degree of cognitive impairment assessed with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).Material and Methods. In this study, using the ELISA immunoassay standard kits, we measured the average concentration of Aβ1-42, Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio, Tau and pTau protein, in the CSF obtained from subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (n=20, 13 women and 7 men, mean age 69.9±10.4). The cognitive functions of the patients were assessed with MMSE test. The correlations between concentration of CSF biomarkers and degree of cognitive impairment were measured using nonparametric Spearman rank correlation coefficient.Results. Our results showed negative correlation between concentration of Tau protein in CSF and the number of points scored in MMSE test (r=-0.45; p=0.046). There was no correlation between a degree of cognitive impairment assessed with MMSE test and concentration of pTau (r=-0.42; p=0.066), Aβ1-42 (r=0.02; p=0.927), and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio (r=-0.07; p=0.775). There was also positive correlation between concentration of Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio (r=0.91; p<0.0001), and between concentration of Tau and pTau (r=0.94; p<0.0001).Conclusions. Tau protein plays not only a crucial role in the early diagnostics, but also reflects the intensity of cognitive impairment in course of Alzheimer disease. (JNNN 2018;7(4):150–154)
Self-assessment of the Musculoskeletal System Load of the Nurses Employed in Conservative and Surgical Departments
Authors: Filipska Karolina , Wolska Dorota , Haor Beata , Antczak-Komoterska Anna
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) all over the world are a frequent cause of illness affecting people working especially in the health sector. In the medical professions, nursing staff experiences negative impact of work on the motor system to the highest degree.Aim. The aim of the work is to assess the extent of disability of nursing staff exposed to excessive strain on the spine as measured by the Oswestry Disability Index.Material and Methods. The study involved 50 nurses employed in surgical (32%) and conservative (68%) departments. The study used the method of a diagnostic survey, and the Oswestry Disability Index questionnaire was the research tool. The collected material was subjected to statistical analysis.Results. Women accounted for nearly 98% of the respondents. The average age of the respondents was over 46 years (46 years and 3 months). The results of the study showed that the occurrence of pain in the spine adversely affects the functional performance, in particular the social life (p=0.0004) and lifting (p=0.036). The average disability score at the Oswestry scale was 25.88%, which indicates a moderate disability of the respondents.Conclusions. Pain in the spine significantly affects the functional capacity of the subjects. This problem is particularly common among nursing staff. (JNNN 2018;7(4):155–159)
Knowledge about Epilepsy among Patients under Community Care
Authors: Królikowska Agnieszka , Filipska Karolina , Laskowska Alina , Jabłońska Renata , Haor Beata , Ślusarz Robert
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Insufficient knowledge and misconception about epilepsy causes the development of negative attitudes towards epilepsy patients, increases stigmatization and psychosocial problems, and consequently affects their quality of life.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the state of knowledge of primary care patients on epilepsy.Material and Methods. The study included a group of 149 patients from three primary health care facilities in the city of Bydgoszcz. The study population consisted of 99 women (66%) and 50 men (34%). Adults predominated, the mean age of the respondents was 43.91 years (SD = 13.03). The research used the method of diagnostic survey, the research tool was the original questionnaire. The research was carried out in a correlation model. The non-parametric Spearman rank test was used to determine the significance of the relationship between demographic variables and knowledge about epilepsy. The significance level p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. The bast majority of respondents (97%) have heard about epilepsy in their lives and believe that they have knowledge about this disease (90%) and know the main cause (76%). Moreover, most of the respondents (96%, 97%) know that during an attack, the patient should be safely positioned and their head protected against injuries. Unfortunately, only 47% of the respondents were ready to help the sick.Conclusions. Most of the respondents have heard about epilepsy in their lifetime and believe they have knowledge of epilepsy. More than half of the respondents witnessed an epileptic seizure. Readiness to provide first aid during an epileptic seizure is declared by nearly half of the respondents. The vast majority of respondents accept people with epilepsy in the work environment as well as in the social environment. There is a relationship between gender, age and education, and some aspects of knowledge about epilepsy and the presented opinion about the disease. (JNNN 2021;10(3):105–111)
Strategies of Coping with Stress and the Quality of Life in Relation to the Adherence to Therapeutic Recommendations in MS — Affected Patients
Authors: Kołtuniuk Aleksandra , Chojdak-Łukasiewicz Justyna
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, which affects young adults between 20–40 years old. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide. The symptoms vary and depend on which part of the nervous system is affected. Stress is very common in patients with MS. It can be a risk factor related with relapses of the disease. Coping is defined as the behavioural and cognitive efforts used in an attempt to deal with stressful events. In a long-term treatment, disease modifying therapies are used to reduce the risk of the progression and severity of MS, and reduce the risk of disability. The adherence to therapy has a crucial role in the effectiveness of drugs.Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between coping strategies and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients depending on the degree of adherence.Material and Methods. The study was conducted in 226 patients suffering from MS.Results. It was demonstrated that 23.5% of respondents do not follow recommended treatments. Both adherent and non-adherent patients gave the highest grade to their quality of life in its social and psychological aspects. The most often used strategies of coping with stress both in adherent and non-adherent patients were as follows: active coping, planning, positive reframing, acceptance, seeking emotional support and seeking instrumental support. On the other hand, substance use was the least frequently used strategy, irrespective of the adherence level.Conclusions. The use of the coping-with-stress strategy, associated with an active problem solving and seeking support, plays a positive role in the quality of life of MS patients adhering to therapeutic recommendations. The use of avoidance strategies, i.e. the not taking of actions as well as self-blaming, reduces the quality of life in MS patients, both adherers and non-adherers to recommendations. (JNNN 2021;10(3):112–119)
Assessment of Parental Satisfaction with the Treatment of Human Recombinant Growth Hormone in Children with Hypopituitarism
Authors: Grzelak Lech , Wiśniewska Anna
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Growth depends on genetic, metabolic and also hormonal factors. Growth depends on health, the supply of nutrients and a properly functioning nervous system. Growth hormone deficiency is a disorder that does not cause typical somatic symptoms, but has a negative impact on a child’s life and functioning in society.Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the satisfaction of parents with the treatment with human recombinant growth hormone in children with somatropin-induced pituitary insufficiency.Material and Methods. The studies were conducted among parents of children with somatropin-induced pituitary insufficiency treated with human recombinant growth hormone in the Provincial Complex Hospital of Rydygier in Toruń at the Department of Paediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology and Paediatric Neurology, from 1.12.2019 to 1.02.2020. 69 parents of children treated with recombinant growth hormone were included in the study. The mean age of parents of children participating in the study was 11.77 ± 3.53 years. The research tools were: a record, self-questionnaires and the standardized KIDSCREEN-52 health questionnaire for children and adolescents in the version for parents.Results. The highest mean values of the standardized KIDSCREEN-52 scale in the version for parents were shown for the following areas: moods and emotions (84.55 ± 12.73), relationships with parents and home (81.83 ± 10.88) and social acceptance (89.86 ± 12.86). It was found that the higher the quality of the area of physical well-being and health, the lower the need for mental preparation of the child for hospital visits in connection with treatment — rS = 0.254, p = 0.035. The analyses showed that the higher the quality of the area of social support and colleagues, the smaller the difficulty resulting from the treatment-related visits to the hospital ward — rS = 0.266, p = 0.027, there was also a lower need to mentally prepare the child for hospital visits — rS = 0.261, p = 0.030.Conclusions. Satisfaction with treatment with recombinant growth hormone depends on the duration of treatment and the growth results achieved. Parents of children with hypopituitarism are satisfied with the treatment with recombinant growth hormone and assess the treatment positively. (JNNN 2021;10(3):120–125)
The Analysis of Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Depression
Authors: Antczak-Komoterska Anna , Polak Monika , Haor Beata , Kochman Dorota , Fidecki Wiesław , Wysokiński Mariusz
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Depressions are among the civilization diseases of the 21st century and are disorders in the human psyche. It comes in various age groups and affects children, adolescents, women, men and the elderly. In Poland, over 1.5 million people struggle with depression, and at present, during the Covid-19 pandemic, the incidence has increased to over 3 million.Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the factors influencing the occurrence of depression.Material and Methods. The study included 200 people — nurses from treatment and conservative departments. The prevalence of depressive disorders was assessed using the Depression Measurement Questionnaire, which consists of 75 statements — terms referring to the approach to life and everyday life. A self-questionnaire containing questions about the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents was used as a research tool. The obtained results were analysed statistically.Results. In the case of men, the indicator reached a statistically higher value, i.e. 242.2 points, which means the average level, while for women it amounted to 238.1 points, which means a low level. A low level of the NREAP index was shown by the group of respondents aged 20–30, while a high level was observed among the group of respondents aged 41–50. Nurses with lower education — certified ones showed a low level of the DMQ index, while nurses with higher education with a master’s degree obtained a higher level of the DMQ index. According to the statistical analysis, the low level of the KRP indicator was shown by people working briefly in the profession from 1 to 5 years. People who worked in the profession from 11 to 20 years had a high level of DMQ. Nurses working in the conservative ward showed a low level of the DMQ index, while the index of nurses in the surgical wards remained at the average levels.Conclusions. Sociodemographic factors had a significant impact on the occurrence of depressive disorders in the studied group. The study also confirmed a large influence of professional factors on the occurrence of depression among nurses. The statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between the gender, age of the respondents and the depression measurement index — DMQ. (JNNN 2021;10(3):126–132)
The Structure of the Relationship of Physical Activity and Selected Factors Shaping the Condition and Self-assessment of Health of Patients with the Lumbar Spine Pain Syndrome
Authors: Mazur Anna , Bartoń Elżbieta , Zarzycka Danuta , Ślusarz Robert
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The pain syndrome of the lumbar spine is one of the most common civilization diseases and requires surgery in the case of a significant percentage of patients. It is also associated with a number of other health problems, with gender being an important factor that differentiates patients’ health.Aim. For this reason, our own research was focused on determining the structure of the relationship between physical activity and selected factors shaping the condition and self-assessment of health of patients in the lumbar spine pain syndrome depending on gender.Material and Methods. The study sample consists of 205 patients hospitalized at the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery and Neurosurgery of the Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin and at the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery, University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz. The Research used the Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ in Polish version, Visual Analogue Scale VAS, Questionnaire for Depression Measurement KPD, a proprietary questionnaire, as well as the results of laboratory tests of glucose concentration in the blood serum. The analysis of multidimensional relations between the variables was performed using the SEM structural equation modeling using the IBM SPSS 25 program with the AMOS extension.Results. In the subgroups of women and men, models that were structurally similar, although different in the values of selected path coefficients, were developed, which explains the variances of: blood glucose concentration, BMI, intensity of depression symptoms and self-assessment of health condition. The developed structural model shows that physical activity with mediating participation of blood glucose concentration, BMI and depression is associated with self-assessment of health. The indirect dependencies of physical activity and self-assessment of health condition also occur with the mediating participation of the BMI index and blood glucose concentration, as well as the BMI index and depression.Conclusions. The obtained data indicate that in the absence of health contraindications, an important element of interdisciplinary programs supporting the condition and self-assessment of health of patients with lumbar spine pain syndrome may be regular physical activity, adjusted to the needs and capabilities of the body. The differences between men and women suggest that preventive interventions should be gender-specific. (JNNN 2021;10(4):153–161)