bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous programming using OpenMP and CUDA/HIP for hybrid CPU-GPU scientific applications
Authors: Gonzalez Tallada Marc , Morancho Enric
Published: August 2023

Hybrid computer systems combine compute units (CUs) of different nature like CPUs, GPUs and FPGAs. Simultaneously exploiting the computing power of these CUs requires a careful decomposition of the applications into balanced parallel tasks according to both the performance of each CU type and the communication costs among them. This paper describes the design and implementation of runtime support for OpenMP hybrid GPU-CPU applications, when mixed with GPU-oriented programming models (e.g. CUDA/HIP). The paper describes the case for a hybrid multi-level parallelization of the NPB-MZ benchmark suite. The implementation exploits both coarse-grain and fine-grain parallelism, mapped to compute units of different nature (GPUs and CPUs). The paper describes the implementation of runtime support to bridge OpenMP and HIP, introducing the abstractions of Computing Unit and Data Placement. We compare hybrid and non-hybrid executions under state-of-the-art schedulers for OpenMP: static and dynamic task schedulings. Then, we improve the set of schedulers with two additional variants: a memorizing-dynamic task scheduling and a profile-based static task scheduling. On a computing node composed of one AMD EPYC 7742 @ 2.250 GHz (64 cores and 2 threads/core, totalling 128 threads per node) and 2 × GPU AMD Radeon Instinct MI50 with 32 GB, hybrid executions present speedups from 1.10× up to 3.5× with respect to a non-hybrid GPU implementation, depending on the number of activated CUs.
Growth mindsets of people can promote interracial contact intentions among White Americans via positive expectations and reduced anxiety
Authors: Hoyt Crystal L. , Rafferty Dana , Earl Sydney , Burnette Jeni L.
Published: August 2023

We explored whether believing that people have the capacity to adapt and grow (i.e., growth mindset) might help to shape White Americans’ intentions to engage in interracial contact. Across four studies ( N = 621), growth mindsets of people were positively associated with intentions to engage in positive interracial contact. In Studies 2–4, in an attempt to explore causation, we successfully manipulated mindsets. Although these manipulations did not robustly predict interracial contact intentions, they did indirectly predict contact intentions through self-reported growth mindsets. In Studies 3–4, the growth mindset experimental condition also indirectly and serially predicted more positive interracial contact intentions through positive expectations and lower levels of intergroup anxiety. This work makes both theoretical and practical advances in the effort to encourage White Americans to engage in positive interracial contact.
Interdisciplinarity, art and immaterial labour in the creative economy: Maurizio Lazzarato and the production of value in ArtScience practice
Authors: Hynes Maria
Published: August 2023

Sociological deployments of Radical Italian theory have offered insight into the changing role of art in light of the generalised valorisation of creativity in post-Fordist societies. Less has been said about the increasingly useful character of art, as exemplified by artistic engagement with interdisciplinary forms of problem solving. This article focuses on the field of practice commonly known as ArtScience. I argue that Lazzarato's theory gains new relevance in this novel field of cultural practice, where material production is an increasingly minor element of artistic labour. I draw on two case studies from artists practising ArtScience in Berlin as speculative provocations for thinking about the ways in which social life today becomes implicated in the production of value, via processes of subjectivation, collaboration and communication.
Impact of parastomal hernia on colostomy costs at 1 year: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial (STOMAMESH)
Authors: Odensten Christoffer , Gunnarsson Ulf , Johansson Jeaneth , Näsvall Pia
Published: August 2023

Background and aims:

Parastomal hernia (PSH) is a common complication after the creation of a colostomy, with a prevalence of approximately 50%. Despite the high frequency, little is known how PSH affects the cost of colostomy care. The hypothesis in this study was that PSH increases the cost of colostomy care compared with not having a PSH.

Methods:

Two groups with (N = 61) and without (n = 147) PSH were compared regarding costs of stoma appliances and visits. The population from a large randomized trial comparing construction of colostomy with or without prophylactic mesh (STOMAMESH) was used and cross-matched with health economic data from the National Pharmaceutical Register, 1 year after initial surgery.

Results:

Patients with and without a PSH were similar in basic demographic data. No difference in cost of stoma appliances (with PSH 2668.3 EUR versus no PSH 2724.5 EUR, p = 0.938) or number of visits to a stoma therapist ( p = 0.987) was seen, regardless of the presence or not of a PSH.

Conclusions:

PSH appears not to affect costs due to colostomy appliances or the need to visit a stoma therapist, in the first year. The lesson to be learnt is that PSHs are not a driver for costs. Other factors may be determinants of the cost of a colostomy, including manufacturers’ price and persuasion, means of procurement, and presence of guidelines.
Effect of pulsed electric field on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a recycled ADC12 aluminum alloy
Authors: Hu Kailiang , Chen Weiye , Zhang Shuling , Jia Nan , Geng Guihong
Published: August 2023

The effect of current density on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast ADC12 recycled aluminum has here been investigated by using a pulsed electric field and a self-developed high-power pulsed device. The results showed that the pulsed electric field could refine the microstructure of cast ADC12 recycled aluminum alloy and enhance its frictional properties. As a result of the pulsed electric field treatment, the eutectic Si phase changed from long rod-like (or platelet-like) to short rod-like (or fiber-like) and was aggregated and distributed around the α-Al phase. Also, the long needle-like β-Fe phase changed to short needle-like, and the number of round spherical β-Fe phases decreased and changed to small-sized spherical. For a current density of 13.636 A/mm2, the average area of the α-Al phase decreased by 10% (as compared with the original sample). Also, the average area of the eutectic Si phase and β-Fe phase decreased by 8% and 86%, respectively. In addition, the average length decreased by 36%, and the refinement effect was the best. Furthermore, the deep etching analysis showed that the three-dimensional morphology of each phase was significantly refined. The current density was 13.636 A/mm2 and the friction coefficient decreased by 17.8%, as compared with the original sample. Also, the Rockwell hardness and yield strength became significantly increased. In addition, there was an obvious wear surface refinement, the alloy wear surface became smoother, the area of spalling pits was smaller, and the furrow parallel to the friction direction was both shallower and smaller. The size of the plastic shear lip, as accumulated on both sides of the furrow, was smaller, and the wear degree of the alloy surface was greatly reduced.
Journalism and secessionism: A contextual analysis of reporting in the Cameroon Anglophone crisis
Authors: Fai Patience B. , Stubbs Jonathan
Published: August 2023

This article examines journalism in Cameroon’s Anglophone crisis as a reflection of the broader dynamics of ongoing secessionist conflicts in Africa. Using the evolving rhetorical approach to media framing, the study analyses articles from one state-owned and one privately-owned newspaper in Cameroon to determine the thematic framing of the crisis with respect to the national media divide. The study also examines the level of importance given to the subject of the crisis and ascertains the degree of independence or journalistic objectivity in the reporting of the crisis. The article reveals that the crisis was mainly reported through themes relating to solutions and violence, indicating that focus was placed on finding solutions to the crisis while also highlighting the crisis’ violent nature. This differs from conventional approaches to crisis reporting, which typically emphasize problem definition and causal interpretation over solution-based reporting. According to the results, the theme of crisis was highly emphasized in news coverage as it appeared in the first three paragraphs of the majority of articles evaluated. It was also found that, despite the repressive controls over the media system, journalists were largely independent and official sources were not heavily relied on.
Restless platformance: How prosumer practices change platform markets
Authors: Scaraboto Daiane , Fischer Eileen
Published: August 2023

Prosumers in many markets are increasingly using platforms for their inter-related production and consumption pursuits. Using a practice theory lens, this paper examines how the connections between the bundle of marketing practices performed by entrepreneurial prosumers in the craft market are altered when they come to rely on platforms like Etsy. It identifies a new practice, labeled “platformance,” that these prosumers adopt in response to changes in their practices bundle. Platformance is a restless practice in that it aims to alter the market in which it is embedded. Findings reported here suggest that platformance may help prosumers deal with platformization by changing certain market elements, but ironically may also increase their platform dependence. Platformance may also contribute to altering aspects of the platform markets in which it is performed.
Changes in lung cancer staging and emergency presentations during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vella Claire , Parvez Wadood , Ashraf Asif , Ajmal Syed , Sudhir Rajini , Agrawal Sanjay , Bennett Jonathan , Tufail Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Aim: This study retrospectively analyses the impact of the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic on route of presentation and staging in lung cancer compared to the 2 years before and after implementation of the Leicester Optimal Lung Cancer Pathway (LOLCP) in Leicester, United Kingdom. Method: Electronic databases and hospital records were used to identify all patients diagnosed with lung cancer in 2018 (pre-LOLCP), 2019 (post-LOLCP), and March 2020–2021 (post-COVID-19 lockdown). Information regarding patient characteristics, performance status, stage, and route of diagnosis was documented and analysed. Emergency presentation was defined as diagnosis of new lung cancer being made after unscheduled attendance to urgent or emergency care facility. Results: Following implementation of the LOLCP pathway, there was a significant decrease in emergency presentations from 26.8 to 19.6% ( p = 0.002) with a stage shift from 33.9% early stage disease to 40.3%. These improved outcomes were annulled during the COVID-19 pandemic, with emergency presentations increasing to 38.9% ( p < 0.001) and a reduction in early-stage lung cancer diagnoses to 31.5%. There was a 61% decline in 2 week wait referrals but no significant decline in the LOLCP direct-to-CT referrals. Conclusion: We have demonstrated a significant increase in late-stage lung cancer diagnoses and emergency presentations during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The causes for these changes are likely to be multifactorial. The long-term effect on lung cancer mortality remains to be seen and is an important focus of future study.
Simple Scoring Model Based on Enhanced CT in Preoperative Prediction of Biological Risk of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Authors: Wang Yating , Bai Genji , Zhang Hui , Chen Wei
Published: August 2023

Objective: To construct a simple scoring model for predicting the biological risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors based on enhanced computed tomography (CT) features. Methods: The clinicopathological and imaging data of 149 patients with primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital. According to the risk classification, the patients were divided into low-risk group and high-risk group. The features of enhanced CT were observed and recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the predictors of high-risk biological behaviors of gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and then a simple scoring model was constructed according to the regression coefficients of each predictor. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of the model. Results: There was no significant difference between the risk classification of gastrointestinal stromal tumor with gender and age ( P = .168, .320), while significant difference was found between the tumor size and location ( P < .001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that tumor size, enlarged vessels feeding or draining the mass, peritumoral lymph node enlargement, and venous phase contrast enhancement rate were independent predictors of the biological risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumor ( P < .05). The area under the curve value of tumor size, enlarged vessels feeding or draining the mass, peritumoral lymph node enlargement, and venous phase contrast enhancement rate as the high-risk predictor of gastrointestinal stromal tumor were 0.955, 0.729, 0.680, and 0.807, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve results showed that the area under the curve of the scoring model constructed based on enhanced CT features was 0.941 (95% confidence interval: 0.891-0.973). When the total score was >1, the sensitivity of the scoring model in diagnosing gastrointestinal stromal tumor was 85.58%, the specificity was 88.89%, the positive predictive value was 88.51%, the negative predictive value was 86.04%, and the accuracy was 86.18%. The results of DeLong test showed that the area under the curve of the scoring model was better than that of the receiver operating characteristic curve of tumor size, enlarged vessels feeding or draining the mass, peritumoral lymph node enlargement, venous phase contrast enhancement rate, and other indicators alone in predicting the high risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and the differences were statistically significant (Z = 26.510, P < .001; Z = 3.992, P < .001; Z = 6.353, P < .001; Z = 4.052, P = .013). Conclusion: The simple scoring model based on enhanced CT features is a simple and practical clinical prediction model, which is helpful to make preoperative individualized treatment plan and improve the prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients.
Adults with intellectual disabilities’ satisfaction regarding their hospitalization: A correlational descriptive study
Authors: Gilliand Morgane , Bernier Emch Ariane , Perrenoud Béatrice
Published: August 2023

When hospitalized, adults with intellectual disabilities are more anxious and have more unmet needs than the general population. Despite these problems, studies report contradictory results about their satisfaction with hospitalization. The aim of this study was to determine the level of satisfaction of adults with intellectual disabilities regarding their hospital care and the factors associated with satisfaction. An analysis of the Patient Satisfaction Scale (PSS) and Cognitive Appraisal of Health Scale (CAHS) instruments completed by adults with intellectual disabilities, or their caregivers, after hospitalization was done. The 32 participants’ mean PSS score was 3.6/5, with means of 13.3/25 and 8.7/25 on the CAHS’ ‘harm/loss’ dimension and ‘challenge’ dimension, respectively. None of the factors studied was associated with the total PSS score. Adults with intellectual disabilities were not fully satisfied with their hospital care, experiencing challenges and losses. These findings call for a rethink of the care provided to this population.
Potentiality of Organosulfur Compounds Against SARS-CoV-2-Coinfected Bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes and S pneumoniae: A Cross-Platform Analysis from Computational Chemistry
Authors: Thai Nguyen Minh , Bui Thanh Q. , Quy Phan Tu , Thanh Hai Nguyen Thi , To Dao-Cuong , Quang Duong Tuan , Co Nguyen Quang , Triet Nguyen Thanh , Ai Thuan Nguyen Thi , To Nhi Nguyen Thanh , Tham Vo Mong , Ai Nhung Nguyen Thi
Published: August 2023

Objective

SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with Streptococcus pyogenes and S pneumoniae increases disease severity, thus deserving more in-depth understanding.

Methods

The potential of garlic extract against the bacteria has been theoretically examined and extended to synergic predictions on SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants.

Results

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry characterized five main components in the extract: benzeneacetaldehyde (A1; 5.65%), diallyl disulfide (A2; 19.27%), 1-allyl-3-methyltrisulfane (A3; 21.30%), methyl salicylate (A4; 7.49%), and diallyl trisulfide (A5; 39.26%). Bioassay-based inhibition zones were 8 ± 2 mm, and MIC values 64 mg·mL−1 ( S pneumoniae) and 128 mg·mL−1 ( S pyogenes). Density functional theory suggested the organosulfur components as the most promising inhibitors with electrophilic sites at their sulfur atoms. Molecular docking simulation agreed with their potential against S pneumoniae/ S pyogenes luxS proteins and Delta/Omicron SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, given by all docking score values being <−13 kcal·mol−1. QSARIS and ADMET predicted their bio- and pharma-favored properties.

Conclusion

The consistency of a variety of computational outputs justifies the dietary–supplemental potential of garlic essential oil based on its organosulfur ingredients.
Comparative Efficacy of Robotic and Manual Massage Interventions on Performance and Well-Being: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Kerautret Yann , Di Rienzo Franck , Eyssautier Carole , Guillot Aymeric
Published: August 2023

Background:

Manual massage (MM) interventions can improve psychophysiological states of relaxation and well-being. In this context, robotic massage (RM) represents a promising, but currently understudied, solution.

Hypothesis:

Both MM and RM would improve flexibility of the hamstrings and lumbopelvic muscles and promote a psychophysiological state of relaxation through decreased sympathetic activity.

Study Design:

Single-blind randomized crossover trial.

Level of Evidence:

Level 2.

Methods:

A total of 21 participants experienced 2 massage interventions targeting back soft tissues. During a first condition, the intervention was performed by a physical therapist, whereas during a second condition the intervention was performed by a robot. We collected objective and subjective indexes of performances and well-being before and after each massage intervention. We also collected physical therapists’ self-reports of perceived fatigue, tension, and ability to maintain the massage routine.

Results:

Skin conductance decreased from the pretest to the posttest in both conditions (partial R2 = 0.44, 95% CI [0.30, 1.00], P < 0.01), although the decrease was more pronounced after MM. Whereas both interventions were associated with improved subjective sensations, eg, pain, warmth, well-being (partial R2 = 0.08, 95% CI [0.06, 1.00], P < 0.01), MM yielded additional benefits compared with RM. The physical therapist reported greater fatigue and tension and reduced perceived massage efficiency along with repeated massage interventions. MM outperformed RM to elicit a psychophysiological state of relaxation.

Conclusion:

RM exhibited a pattern of changes comparable with that of MM, for both objective and subjective indexes of relaxation and well-being.

Clinical Relevance:

RM could represent a prophylactic option to prevent the onset of counterproductive fatigability in physical therapists.
The use of complementary and alternative medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms in Long COVID: a systematic review
Authors: Gawey Brent , Yang Juan , Bauer Brent , Song Joanne , Wang Xiao Jing
Published: August 2023

Background:

Most people with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience resolution of symptoms within days to weeks following initial infection. In a subset of individuals, symptoms persist longer than 4 weeks, known as ‘Long COVID’. Many gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms persist as part of this syndrome; yet, an approach to treatment remains unclear. Prior studies have demonstrated the efficacy of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the treatment of acute COVID-19 infections, but little data exist regarding the potential use of CAM in the treatment of Long COVID.

Objectives:

Identify CAM approaches useful in treating the GI symptoms of Long COVID.

Design:

A systematic review of studies reporting on the use of CAM for the treatment of GI symptoms of Long COVID was performed.

Data Sources and Methods:

Five electronic databases were searched from January 2019 to November 2022. Studies describing the use of CAM to treat GI symptoms of Long COVID were included and assessed by two independent reviewers. Studies not reporting on GI symptoms or using CAM were excluded. Studies chosen for final review underwent quality and bias assessment using predetermined criteria. The extracted data were synthesized utilizing a framework derived from the National Center of Complementary and Integrative Health categories.

Results:

The initial search yielded 396 articles. After applying the eligibility criteria, a total of four studies (three case reports and one case series) were included for final review. Two studies used nutritional supplements and two studies used traditional Chinese medicine. Reductions in nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, acid reflux, epigastric pain, and bloating were reported.

Conclusion:

This is the first systematic review to explore the role of CAM in treating GI manifestations of Long COVID. The review identified four studies, all reporting reductions in the GI symptoms of Long COVID. Despite the positive studies included in this review, the overall search yielded few results, all of which were non-experimental. As the post-infectious sequelae of COVID-19 become better recognized in the wake of the pandemic, higher-quality clinical studies are needed.
Rheocarna® therapy after distal bypass surgery
Authors: Nakamura Yasuhito , Kumada Yoshitaka , Kawai Norikazu , Ishida Narihiro
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Rheocarna® therapy has recently been reported to improve peripherally measured blood flow as an adjuvant treatment after revascularization in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. We investigated whether skin perfusion pressure and continuous walking distance were improved by performing Rheocarna® therapy after distal bypass surgery. Methods: This study included 10 patients who underwent Rheocarna® therapy after distal bypass surgery between June 2022 and March 2023. Rheocarna® therapy was performed five times after distal bypass surgery, and the skin perfusion pressure and continuous walking distance after distal bypass surgery were compared with those after Rheocarna® therapy. Results: The average age was 74.7 years, and nine patients (90%) were male. All patients were undergoing dialysis, with an average of 14.5 years of dialysis history. There were six patients (60%) with diabetes mellitus and five (50%) with hyperlipidemia. The ankle-brachial index was 0.62 ± 0.36 before distal bypass surgery and 0.936 ± 0.16 after Rheocarna® therapy, indicating a significant increase ( p = 0.0117). Skin perfusion pressure dorsalis pedis was 71.5 ± 27.0 mmHg after Rheocarna® therapy, showing a marked increase from the preoperative value ( p = 0.0020). Skin perfusion pressure planta pedis was 65.0 ± 26.3 mmHg after Rheocarna® therapy, which was a significant increase from the preoperative value ( p = 0.0293). The continuous walking distance was 78.5 ± 102.7 m after the Rheocarna® therapy, which was a significant increase from the preoperative value ( p = 0.0039). Conclusion: The skin perfusion pressure and continuous walking distance were significantly improved by Rheocarna® therapy after distal bypass surgery.
Five Things to Know About Incremental Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Qureshi Mohammed Azfar , Hamidi Shabnam , Auguste Bourne L.
Published: August 2023

Incremental peritoneal dialysis (PD) offers patients newly starting dialysis less than the standard “full dose” of PD, reducing treatment burden and intrusiveness while minimizing symptoms of renal failure. Incremental PD is a cost-effective approach that has been associated with slower rates of decline in residual kidney function. This approach also produces less waste and in turn reduces environmental footprint compared to standard PD prescriptions. It also aligns with the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) Practice Recommendations for high-quality, goal-oriented therapy. Awareness of incremental PD along with its advantages and limitations provides practitioners with the tools to provide more patient-centered dialysis prescriptions in appropriate populations.
Ehealth and lifestyle change: The mediating roles of social support and patient empowerment
Authors: Liu Piper Liping , Zheng Yu , Zhao Xinshu
Published: August 2023

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of eHealth, the use of information and communications technologies to improve or enable health and health care, on lifestyle behaviors through social support and patient empowerment as serial mediators.

Methods

We conducted an anonymous online survey of 29 items in October 2019 to assess Chinese people's eHealth activities (i.e. engaging in online health-related activities), social support (including emotional and instrumental support) and patient empowerment, for a lifestyle change. A total of 681 respondents aged 18 or above (49.9% males) with an average age of 30.8 completed the survey.

Results

Social support (including emotional and instrumental support) and patient empowerment were found to be salient mediators between eHealth and lifestyle behaviors. Specifically, engaging in eHealth activities can improve both perceived emotional support and instrumental support from care networks, of which both would increase patient empowerment, which subsequently prompted healthy lifestyle behaviors ( β = .01, confidence interval (CI): [.003, .013] for emotional support as the first mediator; β < .01, CI: [.003, .010] for instrumental support as the first mediator). However, the results showed that engaging in eHealth activities was not directly associated with a healthy lifestyle ( β = .01, p = .65).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that eHealth is effective and useful to drive people into action to develop healthy lifestyle behaviors. Particularly, by providing multiple potential sources of social support, eHealth will promote both emotional support and instrumental support, which is vital to increase patient empowerment, and eventually leads to healthy lifestyle behaviors.
Profiles of Risk, Allostatic Load, and Mental Health in Low-Income Children
Authors: Tyrell Fanita A. , Rogosch Fred A. , Cicchetti Dante
Published: August 2023

Most health disparities originate in childhood and extend across the life span. However, studies on health disparities have predominantly focused on adults. This study evaluated the biological and psychosocial consequences of exposure to chronic adversity among 491 low-income children aged 8 to 12 years ( Mage = 9.73, SD = 1.0; 52.1% male; 68.2% Black and 21.2% Latinx; 267 maltreated and 224 nonmaltreated). Latent profile analyses revealed six distinct profiles of cumulative socioeconomic risk, allostatic load, and mental health functioning. Childhood maltreatment, emotion regulation, affect, and personality characteristics were differentially associated with these latent profiles. Findings indicate differential effects of chronic adversity on adaptation, consistent with resilience theory. These findings also offer evidence that signs of physiological dysregulation emerge at earlier ages in development and suggest there may be a window of opportunity in childhood for interventions to reduce the detrimental effects of chronic adversity on health outcomes in children.
Outcomes of Double-Row Rotator Cuff Repair Using a Novel All-Suture Soft Anchor Medial Row
Authors: Loeb Alexander E. , Ostrander Brook , Ithurburn Matthew P. , Fleisig Glenn S. , Arceo Cristian , Brockington David , Tatum Robert , Feldman John J. , Ryan Michael K. , Rothermich Marcus A. , Emblom Benton A. , Dugas Jeffrey R. , Cain E. Lyle
Published: August 2023

Background:

Few studies have examined the short-term clinical outcomes of rotator cuff repair (RCR) with all-suture anchors for medial row anchor fixation.

Purpose:

To evaluate clinical outcomes of double-row suture bridge RCR using a novel all-suture medial row anchor.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

We enrolled 179 patients before double-row suture bridge RCR (mean age at surgery, 60.0 years; 63% male patients) at a single institution. All patients underwent RCR with all-suture anchor fixation for the medial row and solid anchor fixation for the lateral row. Preoperative (baseline) and follow-up (minimum follow-up time of 2 years; mean, 2.5 years) clinical outcomes were compared using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score and a 10-point numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). We calculated the proportions of patients meeting previously published Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) thresholds for the ASES (≥78.0) and NPRS (≤1.7). We further compared baseline and follow-up outcome scores and the proportions of patients meeting PASS thresholds using paired t tests and McNemar tests, respectively, and calculated effect size to quantify the magnitude of change from baseline to follow-up.

Results:

Values significantly improved from baseline to follow-up for ASES (from 45.3 ± 19.8 to 87.3 ± 17.1) and NPRS (from 5.2 ± 2.5 to 1.4 ± 2.1). The proportion of patients meeting PASS thresholds also significantly improved for the ASES (from 6% to 77%) and the NPRS (from 7% to 72%). The magnitude of baseline to follow-up change for all measures was large (all effect sizes ≥1.5).

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated excellent short-term clinical outcomes and substantial improvements for patients undergoing double-row suture bridge RCR with all-suture anchors for medial row fixation.
Deliberative Improvement of Oral Care Quality: The Horizon Europe DELIVER Project
Authors: Listl S. , Bostanci N. , Byrne M. , Eigendorf J. , van der Heijden G. , Lorenz M. , Melo P. , Rosing K. , Vassallo P. , van Veen E. B.
Published: August 2023

DELIVER (DELiberative ImproVEment of oRal care quality) is a multinational project funded under the EU’s Horizon Europe program; we aim to develop a blueprint model for improving the quality of oral health care for everyone: the DELIVER Quality Improvement Model. We are a team of partners from Denmark, England, Germany, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Sweden who will use a mixed-methods research approach to create a synergistic problem-solving ecosystem to convert deliberative dialogues into meaningful support for improving the quality of oral health care. Together with citizens/patients, providers, payers, and policymakers, new quality improvement (QI) approaches will be codeveloped and coproduced in 3 phases (over 4 y): phase 1 involves defining quality of oral health care, situational analysis of the status quo of QI, and consenting of core quality indicators for a Europe-wide monitoring framework. Phase 2 involves in-depth analysis of select QI approaches: 1) QI in dental practices based on patient-reported outcome and experience measures (PROMs/PREMs), 2) community-based QI for vulnerable groups, and 3) quality-oriented commissioning of oral health services. In addition, the regulatory determinants of oral health care QI will be scrutinized. In phase 3, the knowledge gained from phases 1 and 2 will be used to develop the DELIVER Quality Toolkit, a resource containing manuals and digital tools to support context-specific implementation of oral health care QI. DELIVER is anticipated to contribute to positive changes in oral health systems.

Knowledge Transfer Statement:

The EU DELIVER project aims to enhance the quality of oral health care through codevelopment and coproduction of solutions together with citizens/patients, providers, and policymakers. The unique multicountry nature of the project will facilitate fast-track prototype development and testing of innovative QI approaches in select countries. Reflective learning regarding the transferability of findings between different countries and settings offers unique opportunities to drive progress toward context-specific implementation of innovative oral health care QI approaches. The collective knowledge gained from the 7 European countries involved in DELIVER can also generate knowhow for improving the quality of oral health care in other countries around the globe.
Modified Split-Thickness Corneal Patch Graft for Conjunctival Erosions in Patients With the Port Delivery System Implant: Surgical Technique and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Ebert Jared J. , Shildkrot Yevgeniy (Eugene) , Menezes Alicia , Miller Daniel M.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To describe the surgical technique and long-term outcomes of a modified split-thickness corneal patch grafting for conjunctival erosions that can be seen in patients with the Port Delivery System (PDS) implant. Methods: By way of retrospective review of medical records, this interventional case series identified 2 cases in which modified split-thickness corneal patch grafting was used to repair conjunctival erosion in patients with the PDS implant. Results: The surgical approach involved creating a small opening in the corneal graft over the center of the PDS implant to improve visibility and allow for easier access during subsequent refill-exchange procedures. At the last follow-up of 6.9 years and 5.6 years, there was no recurrence of conjunctival erosions in either patient. The PDS implants remained well covered with the split-thickness corneal graft and had undergone multiple implant refills without complication or difficulty. Conclusions: Modified split-thickness corneal patch grafting with central graft aperture offers another option for long-term successful management of conjunctival erosions in patients with a PDS, especially those who have failed prior repair, by allowing sufficient visibility and access for subsequent refill-exchange procedures.
A multidisciplinary approach to treating a unique case of recurrent metastatic thymic carcinoma: case report
Authors: Wang Carol , Erick Elkowitz David , Esposito Michael John , Shah Rakesh Dinesh , Tannous Henry , Barilla-Labarca Maria-Louise , Seetharamu Nagashree
Published: August 2023

Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of the thymus associated with less than 25% 5 years survivability. Our case report showcases the successful treatment of advanced metastatic TC using a multidisciplinary approach and the utility of checkpoint inhibitors in treatment of recurrent TC. A 50-year-old man presented with Raynaud’s phenomenon and was found to have a stage IVb TC (T3N2M0). Eight months after management with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical resection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, patient was diagnosed with metastasis of TC to the liver and a concurrent stage III (T2N1M0) primary sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma. Following complete resection of the colon adenocarcinoma, the patient started palliative-intent treatment for TC with pembrolizumab given PD-L1 tumor proportionate score of 100%. This resulted in a sustained complete response for 38 months. Our patient did have immune-related adverse events involving multiple organs but was able to continue pembrolizumab for a standard treatment duration of 2 years with multidisciplinary care. When recurrent disease was noted in a portocaval lymph node, pembrolizumab was reinitiated and a second complete response was achieved. The patient has maintained that complete response while maintaining an acceptable quality of life, showing that treatment with pembrolizumab is effective in patients after discontinuation with prior immunotherapy.
Race and multimodality: An introduction to the special issue
Authors: Sekimoto Sachi , Brown Christopher
Published: August 2023

This issue brings together teachers, researchers, performing artists and creative practitioners who discuss, analyze, and reflect on the possibilities offered by examining how multimodality shapes the social and cultural landscape of understanding race and racism. We invite readers to consider: How is race a multimodal construction? How is race, as a social and cultural artifact, constructed and reproduced within the multimodal machinery of modern society? What possibilities does multimodal theorizing offer as a pedagogical approach to advance anti-racism? We argue that multimodality allows for a different conceptualization of race – it is not a text written with the arbitrary and slippery language of race, but an assemblage of multiple modes that constitutes a racial world that is not only “read” but also “lived” and “felt” by those who live in it. The authors in this issue demonstrate how race shows up—or appears—as an assemblage of multiple modes of communication that individuals and groups utilize to make meaning. Through the analyses of multimodal texts such as videos, photos, legal documents, film subtitling, ethnographic observations, interracial dialogue and spoken word performance, they explore the social and cultural construction of race as multimodal process.
Head Circumference is Relatively Larger Than Size: A Novel Screening Tool for Infants With Sagittal Craniosynostosis
Authors: Coombs Demetrius M. , Sinclair Nicholas R. , McNinch Neil L. , Patel Niyant
Published: August 2023

Background:

The efficacy of minimally invasive techniques for addressing isolated sagittal craniosynostosis decreases with age; thus, timely referral is critical. We sought to identify a screening tool using data from well-child visits. We hypothesized that many infants with sagittal craniosynostosis, but no macrocephaly based on growth chart plotting, in fact have a relative macrocephaly.

Methods:

All infants with CT and surgically/pathologically confirmed isolated sagittal craniosynostosis were identified. Growth chart data was collected (head circumference (HC), weight, crown-to-toe-length, and World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) percentiles and deviation ( z-scores)). Relative macrocephaly was defined as head circumference >2SD from size (weight and/or length).

Results:

Initial pilot screen indicated that WHO growth chart data has utility as a screening tool. Subsequent retrospective case-control study with area under the curve (AUC) analysis revealed that HC:length ratio ≥0.71 is indicative of isolated sagittal craniosynostosis as young as 1 week of age, while HC:length ratio ≥0.67 represents the maximization of sensitivity (0.89) and specificity (1.00) as early as 2 weeks old. Prospective internal validation with logistic regression demonstrated that at ages 1 to 2 months greater discriminatory value HC:length ratio was observed.

Conclusions:

When length is added to head circumference as a screening tool we may identify an abnormal growth pattern beginning as early as 1 week. This represents an opportunity to design an automated alert easily programed into the electronic medical records and may prompt pediatricians to refer patients to craniofacial surgeons early.
Prevalence and risk factors for bleeding in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: a National Inpatient Sample study
Authors: Zarka Jabra , Jeong Kwonho , Yabes Jonathan G. , Ragni Margaret V.
Published: August 2023

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a common bleeding disorder, but little is known regarding prevalence and risk factors for bleeding. Adult discharges with HHT and bleeding were identified by International Classification of Disease, 10th edition (ICD-10) codes in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), 2016-2018. Prevalence estimates were weighted using NIS discharge-level weights to reflect national estimates. Risk factors for bleeding were determined by weighted multivariable logistic regression. Among 18 170 849 discharges, 2528 (0.01%) had HHT, of whom 648 (25.6%) had bleeding. Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) (31.9% vs 1.3%), angiodysplasia (23.5% vs 2.3%), telangiectasia (2.3% vs 0.2%), and epistaxis (17.9% vs 0.6%) were more common in HHT than in non-HHT patients (non-HHT), each P < .001. In contrast, menstrual (HMB) and postpartum bleeding (PPH) were less common in reproductive-age HHT than non-HHT, each P < .001. Anemia associated with iron deficiency (IDA), was equally common in HHT with or without bleeding (15.7% vs 16.0%), but more common than in non-HHT (7.5%), P < .001. Comorbidities, including gastroesophageal reflux (25.9% vs 20.0%) and cirrhosis (10.0% vs 3.6%) were greater in HHT than non-HHT, each P < .001. In multivariable logistic regression, peptic ulcer disease (OR, 8.86; P < .001), portal vein thrombosis (OR, 3.68; P = .006), and hepatitis C, (OR, 2.13; P = .017) were significantly associated with bleeding in HHT. In conclusion, AVM and angiodysplasia are more common and HMB and PPH less common in patients in those with HHT than non-HHT. IDA deficiency is as common in HHT with and without bleeding, suggesting ongoing blood loss and need for universal iron screening.
Carbon-fibre plates for traumatic and (impending) pathological fracture fixation: Where do we stand? A systematic review
Authors: Rijs Zeger , Weekhout Amber , Daniel Stef , Schoones Jan W. , Groot Olivier Q. , Lozano-Calderon Santiago A. , van de Sande Michiel A. J.
Published: August 2023

Background

Carbon-fibre (CF) plates are increasingly used for fracture fixation. This systematic review evaluated complications associated with CF plate fixation. It also compared outcomes of patients treated with CF plates versus metal plates, aiming to determine if CF plates offered comparable results. The study hypothesized that CF plates display similar complication rates and clinical outcomes as metal plates for fracture fixation.

Methods

The study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The following databases were searched from database inception until June 2023: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Emcare, Academic Search Premier and Google Scholar. Studies reporting on clinical and radiological outcomes of patients treated with CF plates for traumatic fractures and (impending) pathological fractures were included. Study quality was assessed, and complications were documented as number and percentage per anatomic region.

Results

A total of 27 studies of moderate to very low quality of evidence were included. Of these, 22 studies (800 patients, median follow-up 12 months) focused on traumatic fractures, and 5 studies (102 patients, median follow-up 12 months) on (impending) pathological fractures. A total of 11 studies (497 patients, median follow-up 16 months) compared CF plates with metal plates. Regarding traumatic fractures, the following complications were mostly reported: soft tissue complications (52 out of 391; 13%) for the humerus, structural complications (6 out of 291; 2%) for the distal radius, nonunion and structural complication (1 out of 34; 3%) for the femur, and infection (4 out of 104; 4%) for the ankle. For (impending) pathological fractures, the most frequently reported complications were infections (2 out of 14; 14%) for the humerus and structural complication (6 out of 86; 7%) for the femur/tibia. Comparative studies reported mixed results, although the majority (7 out of 11; 64%) reported no significant differences in clinical or radiological outcomes between patients treated with CF or metal plates.

Conclusion

This systematic review did not reveal a concerning number of complications related to CF plate fixation. Comparative studies showed no significant differences between CF plates and metal plates for traumatic fracture fixation. Therefore, CF plates appear to be a viable alternative to metal plates. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with long-term follow-up are strongly recommended to provide additional evidence supporting the use of CF plates.

Level of evidence: III, systematic review.
The different subtelomeric structure among 1RS arms in wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocations affecting their meiotic recombination and inducing their structural variation
Authors: Xiong Ziying , Luo Jie , Zou Yang , Tang Qilin , Fu Shulan , Tang Zongxiang
Published: August 2023

Background

The 1RS arm of wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocations contains several subtelomeric tandem repeat families. To study the effect of the difference in the composition of these tandem repeats on the meiotic recombination of 1RS arms can help to enrich the genetic diversity of 1BL.1RS translocation chromosomes.

Results

Five wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation cultivars/lines were used to build two cross combinations including group 1 (20T401 × Zhou 8425B, 20T401 × Lovrin 10 and 20T401 × Chuannong 17) and group 2 (20T360-2 × Zhou 8425B, 20T360-2 × Lovrin 10 and 20T360-2 × Chuannong 17). Oligonucleotide (oligo) probes Oligo-s120.3, Oligo-TR72, and Oligo-119.2-2 produced the same signal pattern on the 1RS arms in lines 20T401 and 20T360-2, and another signal pattern in the three cultivars Zhou 8425B, Lovrin 10 and Chuannong 17. The Oligo-pSc200 signal disappeared from the 1RS arms of the line 20T401, and the signal intensity of this probe on the 1RS arms of the line 20T360-2 was weaker than that of the three cultivars. The five cultivars/lines had the same signal pattern of the probe Oligo-pSc250. The recombination rate of 1RS arms in group 1 was significantly lower than that in group 2. In the progenies from group 1, unequal meiotic recombination in the subtelomeric pSc119.2 and pSc250 tandem repeat regions, and a 1BL.1RS with inversion of 1RS segment between the pSc200 and the nucleolar organizer region were found.

Conclusions

This study provides a visual tool to detect the meiotic recombination of 1RS arms. The meiotic recombination rate of 1RS arms was affected by the variation of pSc200 tandem repeat, indicating the similar composition of subtelomeric tandem repeats on these arms could increase their recombination rate. These results indicate that the 1RS subtelomeric structure will affect its recombination, and thus the localization of genes on 1RS by means of meiotic recombination might also be affected.