bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finishing Characteristics with Free Abrasive Grains and Cooling Performance of Internal Channels with Different Cross-Sectional Geometries
Authors: Yamaguchi Mitsugu , Kushima Kotaro , Inagaki Shuuji , Tsuji Masao , Furumoto Tatsuaki
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the finishing characteristics of internal channels with different cross-sectional geometries using free abrasive grains and evaluates the cooling performance of these channels before and after finishing. Three types of channels with circular, triangular, and hexagram cross-sections were designed and fabricated using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). A fluid flow in the channel was evaluated using computational fluid dynamics simulations, and the finishing characteristics and cooling performances of the channels were experimentally investigated. The results indicated that the use of free abrasive grains enabled the improvement in the surface quality as well as the cooling performance of the channel. The cross-section of the channel affected the fluid flow in the channel and finishing progress. The initial surface roughness varied with the cross-section of the channel owing to the limitations of L-PBF, and the triangular section had a relatively uniform surface quality throughout the channel compared with the other cross-sections. The cooling time decreased with the surface area of the channel. To obtain the uniform surface quality, the application of a suitable cross-section is needed for the finishing process. The outcomes of this study demonstrate that a triangular-section channel is suitable for improving both surface quality and cooling performance.
Automatic Characterization of WEDM Single Craters Through AI Based Object Detection
Authors: Gonzalez-Sanchez Eduardo , Saccardo Davide , Esteves Paulo Borges , Kuffa Michal , Wegener Konrad
Published: March 2024

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a process that removes material from conductive workpieces by using sequential electrical discharges. The morphology of the craters formed by these discharges is influenced by various process parameters and affects the quality and efficiency of the machining. To understand and optimize the WEDM process, it is essential to identify and characterize single craters from microscopy images. However, manual labeling of craters is tedious and prone to errors. This paper presents a novel approach to detect and segment single craters using state-of-the-art computer vision techniques. The YOLOv8 model, a convolutional neural network-based object detection technique, is fine-tuned on a custom dataset of WEDM craters to locate and enclose them with tight bounding boxes. The segment anything model, a vision transformer-based instance segmentation technique, is applied to the cropped images of individual craters to delineate their shape and size. Geometric analysis of the segmented craters reveals significant variations in their contour and area depending on the energy setting, while the wire diameter has minimal influence.
Samosa Jantung Pisang: Modifikasi Produk sebagai Pangan Sehat
Authors: Siti Sabila Salwa , Priatini Woro , Ladiva Bridha Risya
Published: March 2024

Jantung pisang dikatakan sebagai super food karena memiliki kandungan gizinya yang sangat baik serta memberikan manfaat kesehatan. Namun, jantung pisang selalu dianggap skeptis untuk dikonsumsi karena masyarakat belum mengetahui kandungan gizi serta pengolahannya. Menambahkan jantung pisang pada isian samosa dapat menjadi produk baru dengan memodifikasi samosa yang asli. Samosa merupakan makanan khas India dengan kulit pastry renyah yang berbentuk segitiga dengan isian kentang dan sayuran atau daging. Hadirnya samosa jantung pisang akan menambah variasi hidangan sehat dari jantung pisang, menciptakan cara menikmati baru dari jantung pisang, dan menciptakan fusion food. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimen. Uji kesukaan melalui uji organoleptik dilakukan kepada panelis semi terlatih sebanyak 30 orang untuk memilih dari tiga formulasi resep samosa jantung pisang. Uji lanjutan daya terima konsumen dilakukan kepada 100 orang panelis konsumen untuk melihat penerimaan produk di masyarakat. Standar resep dengan persentase jantung pisang dari isian samosa sebesar 67% terpilih dengan harga jual Rp22.500,00/kotak dalam bentuk frozen food dengan isi enam buah samosa. Keseluruhan aspek samosa jantung pisang sangat diterima dan layar untuk dipasarkan dengan target utama konsumen adalah kelompok vegan atau vegetarian.
Enhancing High School English Teaching: Integrating EdPuzzle Media in Kurikulum Merdeka Modules
Authors: Agustina Sheila , Megawati Fika , Astutik Yuli , Aqliyah Masliha Alfiatul
Published: March 2024

This scientific article aims to investigate the integration of EdPuzzle media in teaching modules developed by high school English teachers following the Kurikulum Merdeka (KM) framework. Using document analysis, 16 EdPuzzle-integrated teaching module documents were qualitatively examined to understand teachers' preferences in selecting materials, methods, models, and assessments. The findings reveal that teachers successfully developed modules aligned with learning objectives and KM characteristics, incorporating EdPuzzle as both teaching material and assessment method. The study indicates a preference for narrative text topics, blended-learning models, and discussion methods. Writing skills were predominantly assessed using short-answer techniques, with EdPuzzle media mainly utilized for learning material rather than assessment. The implications suggest the need for teachers to diversify learning approaches, explore innovative techniques, and integrate technology effectively for an enhanced English Language Teaching experience.
Highlight:

The study explores the integration of EdPuzzle media in teaching modules within the context of Kurikulum Merdeka.
High school English teachers successfully adapt teaching modules to align with learning objectives and KM characteristics.
The majority of teachers utilize EdPuzzle both as learning material and as an assessment method, particularly in the context of narrative text topics.

Keyword: Kurikulum Merdeka, Teaching Modules, EdPuzzle Integration, High School English Teachers, Document Analysis.
Training and Assistance in Financial Administration Report Preparation Using Microsoft Excel
Authors: Jaman Andi , Suarni Agusdiwana , Sahib Muhammad Khaedar
Published: March 2024

This article presents the outcomes of the Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) undertaken by a social movement organization in Indonesia. The program aimed to enhance the financial reporting capabilities of its leadership through a three-phase approach comprising training, mentoring, and evaluation of financial administration records. Virtual pre-training equipped participants with essential Excel and financial application skills. The results showed a significant improvement in financial reporting, ensuring transparency and accountability. Moreover, the financial administration training facilitated better planning and informed decision-making, fostering sustainable development. These implications resonate globally, encouraging similar community engagement initiatives to advance financial transparency and effectiveness.

Highlights:

Enhanced Financial Reporting: The three-phase approach led to a significant improvement in the organization's financial reporting capabilities, ensuring greater transparency and accountability.

Empowered Decision-Making: The financial administration training enabled better planning and informed decision-making, contributing to the sustainable development of the social movement organization.

Global Implications: The program's success inspires related scientists and organizations worldwide to implement similar community engagement initiatives, advancing financial transparency and effectiveness on a broader scale.

Keywords: Financial reporting, Community engagement, Sustainable development, Training, Transparency
Empowering Accounting Educators: Innovative Development through Community Engagement
Authors: Hermawan Sigit , Rahmawati Imelda Dian , Sriyono  , Dini Amelia Nugraha , Masrifah Anis
Published: March 2024

This study underscores the imperative for continuous teacher development by elucidating an innovative community engagement endeavor aimed at augmenting the proficiency of accounting educators within the Sidoarjo Regency's Subject Teachers Forum (Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran – MGMP). Employing a triad of methodologies encompassing awareness campaigns, training modules, and mentorship, the initiative proffers a curriculum centered on teaching factory concepts, financial technology integration, and millennial business trends. Evidenced by amplified pre- to post-test scores, the outcomes reveal a discernible upswing in pedagogical acumen following program participation. Qualitatively, heightened post-training dialogues showcase expanded knowledge domains concerning the aforementioned subjects, bolstering the claim of qualitative competence enhancement. This pioneering approach holds potential implications for fostering transformative teaching paradigms in the global pedagogical landscape.

Highlights:

Innovative Engagement: This study presents an inventive community engagement strategy that redefines teacher development through collaborative initiatives.

Targeted Curriculum: The program introduces a curriculum emphasizing teaching factory concepts, financial technology integration, and millennial business trends, fostering contemporary pedagogical approaches.

Measured Impact: Quantitative improvement observed in pre- and post-test scores is substantiated by qualitative enhancements, underscoring the efficacy of the engagement in elevating accounting educators' proficiency.

Keywords: Accounting educators, Competence enhancement, Community engagement, Pedagogical innovation, Teacher development.
Empowering Digitalization: Nurturing Content Creators for Enhanced Soft Skills
Authors: Busno Suhendro , Rosyid Moch Alfan , Eviyanti Ade
Published: March 2024

The burgeoning wave of digitalization has pervaded diverse sectors, catalyzing transformative impacts on economics, society, and education. This study investigates the pivotal role of content creators in propelling digital marketing endeavors, fueled by the amplification of internet accessibility and technological infrastructure. Leveraging the potential of this trend, a community service initiative was undertaken to impart soft skill training to students at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Taman Sidoarjo. Employing a methodological approach encompassing content creator awareness, module development, laboratory training, and post-training assessment, this research seeks to equip students with essential competencies. Results showcase the potency of content creators as linchpins in the digital landscape, elucidating their significance in disseminating educational and engaging content. The implications of this endeavor reverberate globally, underscoring the critical synergy between digitalization and content creation for sustainable advancements across sectors.

Highlight:

Multisectoral Impact: Digitalization's pervasive influence across economics, society, and education drives transformative change.

Content Creator Significance: Investigates content creators' pivotal role in fueling digital marketing via amplified internet access and tech infrastructure.

Soft Skill Empowerment: Community initiative imparts crucial competencies to students, employing a structured methodology for effective learning.

Keyword: Digitalization, Content Creators, Soft Skill Training, Internet Accessibility, Technological Infrastructure
Policymaker Influence on SMKN Kudu Library Development
Authors: Noviyanti Eka , Mutiarni Rita
Published: March 2024

This qualitative study examines the impact of policymakers on the enhancement of the Kudu State Vocational High School library's performance. Primary data was gathered through in-depth interviews with key informants including the Principal, Head of Library, and Vice Principals I, II, and III, while secondary data included information and visuals of the library. The findings reveal that policymakers play a crucial role in creating a conducive physical and non-physical environment for the library. The physical infrastructure and technological resources are found to be satisfactory, while non-physical aspects prioritize staff responsibilities. A systematic monitoring system, including performance appraisals by the school principal, is in place, alongside appropriate rewards. Overall, there exists a culture of fairness, safety, and harmonious relationships between library staff, teachers, and leadership. This study highlights the instrumental role of policymakers in optimizing library facilities and management, with potential implications for educational institutions worldwide.

Highlight:

Policymaker Influence: This study underscores the significant impact of policymakers in shaping the performance and environment of a vocational high school library, emphasizing their crucial role in educational infrastructure development.

Balanced Approach: The findings reveal a balanced focus on both physical and non-physical elements, ensuring satisfactory infrastructure and technological resources alongside prioritized staff responsibilities, reflecting a comprehensive approach to library enhancement.

Systematic Monitoring and Rewards: The presence of a structured monitoring system, including performance evaluations by the school principal, and appropriate rewards, contributes to a culture of fairness, safety, and positive relationships among library staff, teachers, and leadership, fostering a conducive educational environment.

Keyword: Policymakers, Vocational High School, Library Performance, Qualitative Study, Educational Institutions
Enhancing Understanding of Ethical Product Photography: Mitigating Ambiguity in Online Commerce
Authors: Buana Mohamad Torik Langlang , Fardinal Fardinal , Tarmidi Deden
Published: March 2024

In the realm of online commerce, product photography serves as a vital means of introduction and presentation for sellers, significantly impacting the purchasing decisions of potential buyers. High-quality and ethically crafted product photos are not only beneficial to sellers but also uphold principles of transparency and fairness in accordance with Islamic economic ethics. This community engagement initiative aimed to enhance foundational knowledge regarding ethical product photography, ultimately ensuring that product images accurately represent the goods being sold, thus avoiding potential misunderstandings that may arise from misleading visuals in advertisements. The methodology involved educating participants about the concept of "gharar" (ambiguity) as it pertains to product images used in advertising. The findings indicate that participants gained a better understanding of both photography techniques and the ethical implications of ambiguity, thereby contributing to more honest and transparent online trading practices. This research underscores the importance of aligning e-commerce practices with ethical principles and highlights the potential for improved consumer trust and satisfaction in online marketplaces.

Highlight:

Impact of Product Photography: Product images play a crucial role in online commerce, influencing the purchasing decisions of potential buyers and serving as a key introduction for sellers.

Ethical Considerations: High-quality and ethically crafted product photos not only benefit sellers but also adhere to principles of transparency and fairness, aligning with Islamic economic ethics.

Community Engagement for Ethical Photography: This initiative aims to educate participants on the importance of ethical product photography, ensuring accurate representation of goods and preventing potential misunderstandings from misleading visuals in advertisements.

 

Keyword: Online Commerce, Product Photography, Ethical Practices, Transparency, Islamic Economic Ethics
Enhancing Political Awareness and Participation in Rural Communities: A Case Study of KKN Program in Asilulu, Indonesia
Authors: Latumahina Fransina , Sultan Ayu Andira , Hulihulis Alfian , Alwi Alwi
Published: March 2024

This research investigates the effectiveness of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) program in increasing political awareness and participation among rural communities in Asilulu, Indonesia. The study aims to address the lack of political education and the prevalence of electoral fraud and voter apathy in the region. Through a community-based approach, the KKN program implemented various methods such as counseling, training, socialization, and group assistance. The study utilized qualitative data collected from government officials and community members, indicating a positive response and high active participation. The results highlight the success of the program in promoting a positive political narrative and combating practices such as money politics and abstention. The implications of this study contribute to the development of effective strategies for political education and encourage greater citizen engagement in political processes.

Highlight:

Community empowerment through Real Work Lecture (KKN) program

Importance of political education in rural communities

Promoting positive political narratives through socialization

Keyword:

Real Work Lecture, Community Empowerment, Political Education, Socialization, Active Citizen Engagement
Enhancing Legal Awareness Among High School Students through Education and Counselling: A Case Study at SMA Negeri 45 Maluku Tengah, Indonesia
Authors: Latumahina Fransina , Nurlette Muhaimin Haris , Somar Lukman Hakim
Published: March 2024

This article presents a case study conducted at SMA Negeri 45 Maluku Tengah, Indonesia, focusing on the implementation of an educational and counselling program aimed at increasing legal awareness among high school students. The study utilized a participatory action research approach, with KKN (Community Service Program) undertaken by students from Universitas Pattimura. The research objectives were to develop students' understanding of the importance of education and counselling in promoting legal awareness, shape their attitudes towards law compliance, and motivate them to achieve their aspirations. Through the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical engagement, the program aimed to instill a sense of responsibility and prevent negative behaviors and exposure to harmful influences. The findings indicated that the program successfully increased legal awareness among the students, resulting in improved behavior, mental resilience, intellectual growth, and emotional well-being. This study highlights the significance of education and counselling initiatives in cultivating legal consciousness among high school students, serving as a guide for educators and relevant stakeholders. The implications of this research emphasize the need for further exploration and implementation of similar programs to foster positive attitudes towards the law and encourage personal development among youth, ultimately contributing to a just and law-abiding society.

Indonesia is a country that is based on law, therefore all citizens in it are obliged to comply with existing laws, and have the right to receive legal protection in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Awareness of the law among high school students, so that it can motivate and become an image for students to avoid negative traits and avoid promiscuity. thereby increasing the spirit in terms of mental, intellectual and emotional. And provide motivation in achieving every goal.Highlight:

Importance of Education and Counselling: The integration of education and counselling programs plays a crucial role in increasing legal awareness among high school students, enabling them to understand the significance of law in their lives.

Character Development: The programs aim to shape the behavior and characteristics of students, fostering a sense of responsibility, compliance with the law, and motivation to achieve their aspirations.

Mental, Intellectual, and Emotional Growth: By enhancing legal awareness, students experience an overall improvement in their mental resilience, intellectual capacity, and emotional well-being, contributing to their personal development.

Keyword:

Legal Wareness, Education and Counselling, High School Students, Community Service, Character Development.
Ideological-Aesthetic Significance of Stropha in the Poetry of the Independence Period
Authors: Murodilovna Oripova Gulnozakhan
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the exploration of ideological-aesthetic and artistic poignancy within independence-era poetry through an analysis of strophic structures. Employing psychological, structural-poetic, and descriptive techniques, the research examines both the internal and external compositional properties of strophes. By focusing on the poetry of notable figures such as Sirozhiddin Sayyid, Fakhriyor, Abdulla Qutbiddin, Abdullah Sher, and Ulugbek Hamdam, various strophic structures are identified and analyzed. The conclusions drawn from this scientific inquiry serve as the foundation for advancing the scientific-theoretical understanding of lyrical genres in poetry, contributing valuable insights to the broader scholarly discourse.

Highlights:

The study investigates the intricate strophic structures of independence-era poetry, shedding light on their ideological-aesthetic significance.

Psychological, structural-poetic, and descriptive techniques are utilized to dissect both internal and external compositional properties of strophes.

By analyzing works of prominent poets like Sirozhiddin Sayyid and Abdullah Sher, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of lyrical genres and their artistic implications in poetry.

Keywords: Strofa, Ideological-Aesthetic Property, Rhythm, Poetic Thought, Artistic Detail.
Effect of Leafy Nutrition Humic Acid and Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Productivity of Barley
Authors: Al-Rubaiee Fadhil Alaywe Atiyah
Published: March 2024

Pots experiment was carried out during the 2018 – 2019 growing season to study the effect of humic acid (0, 3, and 6mg.L-1) and gibberellic acid (0,100 and 200 mg.L-1) leafy nutrition and their interaction with barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) growth and yield. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, The means were compared at 0.05 according to the Least Significant Differential Test (LSD). The result showed a significant increase in plant height ( cm ), shoot dry weight ( g ), root dry weight ( g ), flag leaf area ( cm2 ), spike length ( cm ),  number of spikes per plant,  number of spikelets per spike, 100 grains weight, grains yield ( g / pot ), and total chlorophyll content (SPAD ), with increased concentration of Humic acid and gibberellic acid, and their interaction compared to control plants. Humic acid at 3 mg. L-1 and gibberellic acid at 100 mg. L-1 was the highest rate for all testing parameters.
EFFECT OF SALINE WATER AND POTASH FERTILIZER ON PROLINE CONTENT AND WATER POTENTAL IN PISUM SATIVUM L. (VAR.SENADOR CAMBADOS)
Authors: AL-SHAHWANY A.W. , GREABB B. M. , ABDUL ALOHAB N. K.
Published: March 2024

Filed experiment was conducted to test the effect of saline water and potassium fertilizers rate on proline and water potential of Pisum sativum L. (Var.Senador Cambados ) leaves . Treatments of the experiment included two levels of water salinity( 2, 7 dSm-1) as a main plot and fertilizer rates as a sub plot.
Results indicated that irrigation of plant with saline water 7 dSm-1 and fertilization 150 kg/donum increased proline accumulation and water potential 0.31 mmol/g,-17.00 bar at 9 AM morning and 0.62 mmol/g , -21.00 bar at 3 PM afternoon ,Irrigating plant with a 2 dSm-1 and fertilization 300 kg/donum decreased proline accumulation and water potential of leaves 0.22 mmol/g, -16.00 bar at 9 AM and 0.43 mmol/g,-18.00 bar at 3 PM . Irrigation plants with saline water 7 dSm-1 and fertilizer with 150 kg/ Donum K2SO4 increased Root/Shoot to 0.89 ,while 0.41 after irrigation with 2 dSm-1 saline water and fertilization with 300 kg/ Donum K2SO4 . The Na/K ratio increased to 0.53 under 7 dSm-1 of irrigation water and 150 kg/Donum fertilization and decreased to 0.1 under 2 dSm-1 irrigation water and fertilized 300 kg/ Donum . The results lead to the conclusion that potassium fertilization may reduce the inhibitory effect of increasing salinity of irrigation water on pea.
He-Ne Laser Irradiation Encourages reparative processes After cartilage loss in New Zealand rabbits
Authors: Ali Ibtisam K.A.
Published: March 2024

Many therapeutic methods used to encourage reparative processes of cartilage and accelerate their healing such as drugs, magneto-laser and so on. Twenty four adult New Zealand rabbits used in this study. They were divided in to two groups; control and treaded with He –Ne laser. A square skin flap done on the medial aspect of both auricles followed by pealing a square piece of cartilage from the auricle then the flaps sutured .The site of the operation in the rabbits of the treated group were irradiated with He –Ne laser 5mw power for seven days began after the operation directly. 3 rabbits from each group used for collection of specimens for histopathological examination at the 1, 2, 4 & 6 weeks post the operation. Significantly well developed cartilage growth, chondroblasts and chondrocytes invade the area of the operation .High increase in the thickness of connective tissue in the same area contain mainly collagen fibers and lesser amount of elastic fibers. He –Ne laser irradiation raised the mitotic activity of the cartilage cells, activated the reproduction processes in addition to the intra and extra regenerative repair
Design and construction of Video extractor
Authors: Abdul-whab Mohamed , Al-Azawi Razi J.
Published: March 2024

Design and construction of video extractor circuit require an understanding of several parameters, which include: Selector circuit, extracting circuit which contains sampling signal and multiplexing. At each radar pulse, the video signal is fed to one of the selector. The fast filter has a pass –band from 190 Hz to 1800 Hz. These frequencies correspond to targets having radial velocities laying between and 10 Kph and 200 Kph.Slow filter: 60 Hz to 230 Hz for radial velocities laying between 3.5 and 13 Kph.The video- extractor is organized in four PCB CG (A-B-C-D) each one having 16 selector. The sampling signal (ADS) (1-2-3-4) control the 4-line-to-16-line decoders. 8 multiplexers of 8 inputs each, are required for the multiplexing of the 64 selectors.
On New Algebraic Systems
Authors: Atteya Mehsin Jabel , Ressan Dalal Ibraheem
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this paper is to give some results theorems , propositions and corollaries concerning new algebraic systems flower , garden and farm with accustomed algebraic systems groupoid , group and ring.
Effect of Saline Water and Potassium Fertilizer on Nitrogen Fixation in Pisum sativum L.
Authors: AL-SHAHWANY A.W.
Published: March 2024

Field experiment was conducted to test the effect of saline water 2 and7 dSm-1 potassium fertilizer rate 150,300 and 450 kg/donum on nitrogen fixation in Pisum sativum L. nodules. The experiment included anatomy study .Results water salinity ( 2,7 dSm-1) as a main plot and fertilizer rates as a sub plot. Results indicated that irrigation with saline water 7 dSm-¹ caused a significant decrease in N contents especially in the lower parts of the plants. The percentage of the N decreased in lower leaves to (0.01%) under 7dSm-¹ and 300 kg/donum fertilizer; however the percentage increased in the upper leaves to (2.80%) under with 2dSm-¹of irrigation water and 300 kg/ donum fertilizer rate. Fresh weight decreased to 6.26g under 7 dSm-¹ and 450 kg/donum fertilizer rate, but irrigated with 2 dSm-¹ and 300 kg/donum fertilizer rate increased it to 18.87g. The nodules number , fresh and dry weight decreased to( 114 nodule/plant ,2.18 and 1.70 g/plant ) with 7 dSm-¹ salinity water and 150 kg/donum fertilizer, respectively , the results showed that irrigation with 2 dSm-¹ saline water and 300kg/ donum fertilizer increased them to ( 167.6 nodule/plant,5.43 and 2.20 g/plant )respectively. Increasing levels of irrigation water from 2 to 7 dSm-¹ salinity, caused increased vessels thickness in both leaves and root; this is because the salt accumulated on cell wall .whereas cortex cell wall was thicker in root for same reason . Thus of nitrogen fixing symbiosis in pea was more determined with anatomy change in root tissues which caused decreasing in nodules number fresh and dry weight.
Accordingly, conclusion could be made that potassium may reduce the inhibitory effect for nitrogen fixation in saline water irrigation condition.
A study of analysis and comparison to the low nutrient density foods that more normality for children age (3 –5 years)
Authors: Gazal Marriam M.
Published: March 2024

Through the early childhood and after the ablactating the child learns acquired food habbits that might studying with him throughout his life. Here the parents role arises: teaching the child the sound food habits and hygienic styles and whatever beneficial to the health and with the sufficient quantities for the body. In this way the experiences the child learns at home will be of great help in his future life in choosing the suitable food after becoming more dependent in making his decisions and choices away from his parents.
The results in this study showed that the averages of the children’s consumption of the high energy foods in comparison with the other highest consumption average , after that comes the con sumption of soft drills , then the lollipops , gums and cacao , finally , the confectioneries recorded the lowest percentage in purchase , the child’s wish recorded the highest average.
Determination Of Micro Amount Of Spironolactone In Some Of Pharmaceutical Preparate By Using a Molecular Luminescence Technique.
Authors: Hossain Fatima Ali
Published: March 2024

The present study include a new developed method of analysis for determination of drug Spironolaction (SP) in some Pharmaceuticals by Spectrofluorometric method.
Spironolaction was determined under optimal experimental condition that follows :-
The excitation spectrum was (l=351 nm), the emmetion spectrum was (l=518 nm), pH=1, the suitable temperature for reaction 60oC and the optimal time less than (3) minute. The analysis and rang statistical data was:-Linear dynamic rang (1-10) ?g.ml-1, the detection limit (D.L = 0.023 ?g.ml-1), Molar absorptivity (? = 29875 liter mole-1 cm-1), Relative standard deviation (%RSD = 0.78), (%Erel = 3.3) and recovery (Rec = 96.6) percentage.
Determination of Spironolactone was accomplished by two methods
(A) Using direct calibration curve method, Corr. Coef. (R = 0.988 and %Rec = 97.4).
(B) Using standard additional methods Corr. Coef (R =0.988 and %Rec= 96.6).
Colonization of Staphylococcus xylosus in the kidneys and bladder of mice
Authors: Al-Mathkhury Harith J. F.
Published: March 2024

Two isolates of Staphylococcus xylosus (urease producer and non urease producer) were injected in mice at a dose of 2 × 108 colony-forming units (CFU) intraurethrally. Results showed that both isolates were able to colonize kidney and bladder of the injected mice, regardless of their urease production. Moreover, there were insignificant differences between the two groups. These results emphasized the pathogenicity of this bacteria in UTI.
The Ability of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extract in Modulating the Cytogenetic and Haematological Effects of Mitomycin C in Albino Male Mice
Authors: Jumaily Rakad M. Kh. Al –
Published: March 2024

The present study aimed to investigate the toxic and mutagenic and anti – mutagenic effects of the aqueous extract (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in modulating the genotoxic effects of mitomycin C (MMC). Albino male mice (Mus musculs) were employed as a biological system and four parameters were performed in vivo; total leucocyte count, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus formation.
The plant extract was evaluated through three types of treatments. In the first, the extract was given alone orally. While the second and third treatment included two types of interactions with MMC; pre – and post – MMC treatments. All treatments were paralleled by negative and positive controls. In the first treatment, the dose 15 mg/kg of green tea extract enhanced the parameters investigated and a significant increase was observed in total count of leucocyte (8070 cells/cu. mm. blood) as compared to either negative (6900 cells/cu. mm. blood) or positive (5060 cells/cu. mm. blood) controls, Such observation was positively correlated with the mitotic index. In contrast, the spontaneous formation of micronuceli and chromosomal aberrations were decreased in the three investigated doses of the extract. The results showed that the plant extract had no genotoxic or mutgenic effects.
In the second and third treatments, green tea extract showed a good performance in protecting the bone marrow cells in mice against genotoxic MMC effect by increasing the total leucocyte count and mitotic index and decreasing the chromosomal aberration and mironuclei when the treatment were before or after the MMC.
Relationship between Diabetes mellitus and Urinary tract infections
Authors: Darwish Majida Jummaa , Al-Kafaji Zahra Mahmmod
Published: March 2024

Blood and urine samples were collected from 203 patients to study the relationship between Diabetes mellitus and urinary tract infections (UTI). Blood and urine specimens were subjected for estimation of random blood sugar, in addition to detection of the most pathogen bacteria which cause urinary tract infection in diabetic patients.
The study included the detection of bacterial sensitivity to some antibiotics used in treating urinary tract infections, and also included the study of genetic basis which cause both types of diabetes mellitus.
The results can be summarized as follows:
The incidence of type ? diabetes in males was (35.8%), and (45.9%) in females . and type 2 diabetes in males was (49.6%), while in females was (40.16%).The incidence of urinary tract infection in females was higher (69.6%) in comparison to males (37%).Escherichia coli was the most causative agent of urinary tract infections in diabetic males (19.7%), while Candida albicans was the most causative agent in urinary tract infections in females (18.8%).The majority of isolated bacteria were highly resistant to Gentamycin, Tetracycline, Ampicillin, Penicillin G, while they were sensitive to Cephotaxim, Cephalexin, Ciprofloxacin.
Plasma alkaline phosphatase polymer phism and it’s association with productivity in Iraqi fowl
Authors: Al – Hillali, A. H. K , Hussein A. , Alsoudi K. H.
Published: March 2024

Plasma alkaline phosphatase isozyme in Iraqi fowl was studied by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Two phenotypes fast and slow, were observed.
These two phenotypes have been shown to be controlled by one single autosomal locus with two allel AKPF and AKPS. The gene frequency of AKPS is dominant over the AKPF. The result indicated that gene frequency of AKPF in leghorn and new hamshire was more frequent than in local Iraqi birds.
Birds of fast isozyme type had higher 90 – day's egg production and egg weights as compared to those with slow isozyme. It is concluded that the fast isozyme can be used as gene marker for spotting out pullets with high body weight sexual maturity, high egg production and high egg weight.
Dietary Assessment for Meals of Nurseries Children in Baghdad City
Authors: AL-Timimi Salim S. , Al-Talib Fatin Fakhir Al-deen , Manki Nadia Hussein
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of childs of nurseries in Baghdad city so that an early detection of malnutrition cases could be carried out.
The results revealed that the daily consumption of food calories, protein, fat and carbohydrate were 1180.5 calories, 27.2gm, 38gm and 180gm, respectively, which were less than the RDA values and the percentages of these nutrients supplied by the food intake were 90.8, 83.7, 87.3 and 90.3%, respectively. It was also demonstrated that the highest percentages of stunting, underweight and wasting, which amounted to 32, 22.7 and 1.5%, respectively, were among those childs who obtained inadequate calories, while the percentages of the forementioned malnutrition cases among those childs who obtained inadequate calories were 7.5, 4.5 and 3%, respectively.
The results also pointed out that the general nutritional pattern of the childs food style in this study was strictly and unbalanced due to the lack in food meals recommended to be taken daily of certain main food groups according to the food guide pyramid for young children, such as meats, poultry, fish, eggs, legumes,nuts as well as vegetables and fruits group, otherwise, the food consumed was stricted to milk,yogurt and cheese group ,vegetables and fruits group, bread, rice, and other cereals as well as their products and bakeries.
There was anumber of bad food habits among the children of research sample was also observed and was found effect the quantity and quality of food consumed.
Observations on the age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province – Iraq
Authors: Dauod Hussain A. M. , Al-Ibady Qatar Al-Nada A. , Al-Jabbar Riyad A. Abid
Published: March 2024

Age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province have been investigated. Monthly samples were taken during the period from September 1999 to August 2000, using small-meshed gill nets. The age data showed that there were six age groups and the dominant age groups were (III – IV) for both sexes. The results of the present study revealed that the increment in length of V. damascinus at the sites of study showed a tendency to decrease with the increase in age, after the third year of life in both sexes. The length-weight relationship of males and females were calculated and demonstrated in a straight line logarithmic formula, as follows:
Log W = 1.5404 + 2.6885 log L for males r = 0.95 (P > 0.05)
Log W = 1.6723 + 2.7877 log L for females r = 0.77 (P > 0.05)
The values of the regression coefficient (b) indicated that the growth of both sexes of V. damascinus was allometric..
Monochrome Image Hologram (MIH)
Authors: Jamal Raied K.
Published: March 2024

A new computer-generated optical element called a monochrome image hologram (MIH) is described. A real nonnegative function to represent the transmittance of a synthesized hologram is used. This technique uses the positions of the samples in the synthesized hologram to record the phase information of a complex wavefront. Synthesized hologram is displayed on laser printer and is recorded on a film. Finally the reconstruction process is done using computerized .
Synthesis and characterization of VO(II), Cr(III),Mn(II), Fe(II),Zn(II),Cd(II),Hg(II) and UO2(VI) complexes with ligands containing (ONO) and (ON) donor set atoms
Authors: Alhamdani Abbas.ALi.Salih.
Published: March 2024

A new Schiff base o-hydroxybenzylidene-1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-amino-3-pyrazolin-5-on (HL) ,have been prepared and characterization.(HL) has been used as a chelating ligand to prepare a number of metal complexes VO(II) ,Cr(III) ,Mn(II),Fe(II),Hg(II) and UO2(II) .and mixed ligands complexes have been prepared between o-hydroxybenzylidene-1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-amino-3-pyrazolin-5-on and 8- hydroxy quinoline with VO(II),Zn(II),Cd(II), Hg(II) and UO2(II) the prepared complexes were isolated and characterized by (FT-IR)and (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Elemental analysis (C.H.N) Chloride contents, Flame atomic absorption technique. in addition to magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurement. Molar ratio measurement in solution gave comparable results with those obtained from solid state study.
Studying of the complexes product of the nerve agent Soman with the Butyrylcholinesterase and Acetylcholinesterase Enzymes
Authors: Hadi Hassan , Mohammed Ammar J. , Abdallah Mohammed H.
Published: March 2024

Cholinesterases are among the most efficient enzymes known. They are divided into two groups: acetylcholinesterase (AChE) involved in the hydrolysis of the neurotransimitter acetylcholine, and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) of unknown function. Several crystal structures of the former have shown that the active site is located at the bottom of a deep and narrow gorge. Human BChE has attracted attention because it can hydrolyze toxic esters and nerve agents. Here we analyze the complexes of cholinesterase with soman by describing the 3D geometry of the complex, the active site, the changes happened through the inhibition and provide a description for the mechanism of inhibition.
Soman undergoes degradation in the active site of the AChE and BChE. We calculate the energy of the products of the degradation reaction and suggest the reaction path.
The product of the former reaction bind to serine residue in the active site and forming a stable bond and ends the catalytic function of the enzyme.
This study has a useful role in the search of inhibitors to help in the treatment of Alzahimer's disease.
Prepared (PbS) Thin Film Doped with (Cu) and Study Structure Properties
Authors: Abbas Nada K. , Al-Anssari Ramiz A. , Khudheir Kadhum J. Dawod M.
Published: March 2024

In this research PbS and PbS:Cu films were prepered with thicknesses (0.85±0.05)?m and (0.55±0.5)?m deposit on glass and silicon substrate respectively using chemical spray pyrolysis technique with a substrate temperature 573K, from lead nitrate salt, thiourea and copper chloride.
Using XRD we study the structure properties for the undoped and doped films with copper .The analysis reveals that the structure of films were cubic polycrystalline FCC with a preferred orientation along (200) plane for the undoped films and 1% doping with copper but the orientation of (111) plane is preferred with 5% doping with the rest new peaks of films and appeared because of doping.
Surface topography using optical microscope were be checked, it was found that the doping cause an increase in grain size and enhance the crystalline structure in comparison with the undoped samples. These results were fitted to the X-ray analysis.
Optical Properties for SeTe Thin Films
Authors: Shaban Salma M.
Published: March 2024

Chalcogenide glasses SeTe have been prepared from the high purity constituent elements .Thin films of SeTe compound have been deposited by thermal evaporation onto glass substrates for different values of film thickness . The effect of varying thickness on the value of the optical gap is reported . The resultant films were in amorphous nature . The transmittance spectra was measured for that films in the wavelength range (400-1100) nm . The energy gap for such films was determined .
Three Dimensional MHD Simulationof Comet Hale-Bopp Tail
Authors: Khalaf Salman Zaidan , Selman Ahmed Abdul-Razzaq
Published: March 2024

The interaction between comet Hale-Bopp tail with the solar wind is investigated in the present paper using magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) numerical simulation, which accounts for the presence of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The simulation is based on three-dimensional Lax-Wendroff explicit scheme, providing second-order accuracy in space and time. The ions produced from the nucleus of the comet will add considerable effects on the microstructure of the solar wind, thus severely altering its physical properties. The present simulation focuses on careful analysis of these properties by means of simulating the behavior of the comet Hale-Bopp’s tail at 1 AU from the sun. These properties include the changes of the plasma density, particle velocity, IMF changes, pressure, and internal energy. The results indicated that comet tail will highly disturb the physical properties of the solar wind for a considerable distance. These changes reflect the effect of including the source term in the present simulation. It is shown that the comet tail will retain its original shape faster as it approaches the sun. Practical comparisons are also presented in the present research with earlier work. The present simulation was made using MATLAB program.
Improvement of the monochrome image hologram by using a random phase and increasing number of Samples
Authors: Jamal Raied K.
Published: March 2024

This paper present a study about effect of the random phase and expansion of the scale sampling factors to improve the monochrome image hologram and compared it with previous produced others. Matlab software is used to synthesize and reconstruction hologram.
Measurements of Radon-222 and its Daughters Concentrations in Buildings of Department Physics in College of Sciences of Baghdad University
Authors: Naji Nesreen B.
Published: March 2024

The present work aims to investigate approaches, measures and detection of indoor radon level in buildings of the department of physics in college of science of Baghdad University.
CR-39 solid state nuclear track detectors were used to measure the radon concentrations inside the rooms, including five laboratories and five workplace rooms in ground and first storey of the department. The average radon concentration at first storey was found to be 43.1±13.2 Bq/m3 and 40.1±13.4 Bq/m3 at the ground storey. The highest level of radon concentration at the first storey in the radioactive sources store was 87.5±29 Bq/m3 while at the ground storey in room(2) was 70.2±24 Bq/m3 which is due to the existence radioactive sources in some selected places at the buildings.
Synthesis of New Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from Anthrone and Evaluation of Their Biological Activity
Authors: Salih Nadia Adil
Published: March 2024

In this research, Schiff bases derived from the reaction of anthrone with different heterocyclic amines have been described. The resulted Schiff base compounds were reacted with various nucleophiles in order to obtain new heterocyclic derivatives. Chemical structures of all products were confirmed by IR, 1H-, 13C-NMR spectral data and elemental analysis. All synthesized compounds were in vitro tested against a standard strain of pathogenic microorganism including Gram +ve bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram –ve bacteria (Escherichia coli), and fungi (Candida albicans).
On CSO-Compact Space
Authors: Kadem Zina M. , Hussein Jalal Hatem
Published: March 2024

The aim of this paper is to introduces and study the concept of CSO-compact space via the notation of simply-open sets as well as to investigate their relationship to some well known classes of topological spaces and give some of his properties.
The Effect of Sodium Propionate on Microorganism and Self life of Laboratory Biscuit
Authors: AL-Timim Salim S. , Habib Kalid A. , Khudyer Eshrak G
Published: March 2024

This study has been conducted to examin the effect of sodium propionate at different level of 0.03,0.06,0.10% on the number of bacteria and mold and to extend the storage life of laboratory processed biscuit. The results indicated that the use of 0.10% sodium propionate prolonged the storage peroid until the third month, while the use of 0.20% sodium propionate showed no growth of bacteria up to six month of storage, three types of bacteria has been isolated from processed biscuit, namely, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Esherichia coli. using 0.10% sodium propionate showed no growth of mold up to three month of storage ,while using of 0.15 % and 0.20% sodium propionate prevent the growth of mold up to five and six months of storage respectively, Penicillum sp ,Aspergillus terrius, Aspergillus niger, flavus Aspergillus were isolated from the processed biscuit.
Investigation of the Porosity of Certain Iraqi Clay Deposits by Mercury Porosimeter
Authors: Hassan Sahar S.
Published: March 2024

Pore volume, pore diameter, and pore volume distribution of three of Iraqi natural clay deposites were measured using mercury intrusion porosimetry .The clays are white kaolin, colored kaolin, and bentonite .The results showed that the variation of the pore area of the clay deposites followed the following order :-
Coloured Kaolin > White Kaolin > Bentonite
While the pore volume may be arranged as in the following sequence:-
White Kaolin > Coloured Kaolin >Bentonite
Also , Bentonite exhibits the narrow range pore size distribution than the white and coloured kaolin.