bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the settlement brand index for improving environmental safety in Balikpapan
Authors: Ulimaz M , Jordan N A , Tufail D N
Published: January 2021

Balikpapan is no longer an oil city oriented towards oil drilling, but is limited to processing services only, and is developed through a dynamic, harmonious and green service city. In the middle of this transformation process, Balikpapan is also committed to realizing Balikpapan, a Smart City, where one of the components is Smart Branding. Economic transformation has an impact on environmental changes. The level of the environmental safety is inversely proportional to the branding of Balikpapan. The criteria for occupancy eligibility are a sense of security and comfort. Comfort in urban areas can be realized by creating comfortable spaces to live in. Before making significant efforts to develop technology for recognition of the Balikpapan smart city, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the level of residential environmental security based on one of the smart branding components. The level of the Settlement Index is analyzed using descriptive statistics with distribution pattern maps and hexagonal diagrams. The results of the analysis show variable people (55.67) and pre-requisites (49.68) show the most significant influence on the branding of Balikpapan City. Also, it is supported by economic facilities and the development of the creative industry.
The application and effectiveness of fly ash granule using tapioca flour and sugarcane molasses as granule agents for soil ameliorant and fertilizer
Authors: Agusta H , Nisya F N , Iman R N , Agustina S
Published: January 2021

The most popular fly ash application as coal combustion energy waste is as a mixing agent for cemented infrastructure and building construction. However, due to its appropriate various mineral content from vegetation fossil, the usage for fertilizer and soil amelioration agent was tested in small pots on the field. The experiment’s purpose was to confirm the effectiveness of fly ash granule application using tapioca flour and sugar cane molasses as granule agents for soil ameliorant and fertilizer. Specifically, for the sorghum growth, development, and potential bioethanol yield harvested in the vegetative stage. The granule binding agents’ source is from an agricultural product, byproduct, or agricultural waste. Hence, environmental management and the fly ash granules’ production system exhibit the advantage of a sustainable production system. The concentration of 10% of the granule binding agents concentration for the application at a rate of 8 tons ha−1 was effective enough to improve the soil properties, plant growth, and the doubling of potential bioethanol yield.
Zinc contamination in surface water of the Umeda River, Japan
Authors: Andarani P , Alimuddin H , Suzuki R , Yokota K , Inoue T
Published: January 2021

Due to the adverse effects of zinc (Zn) on the aquatic organisms, environmental quality standards (EQS) for zinc of 0.03 mg/L in surface water has been enacted in Japan since 2003. However, “zinc elevated sites” persist, including Aichi Prefecture. This study aims to assess the spatial and temporal variability of zinc contamination for 14 months in surface water of the Umeda River, Aichi Prefecture. The water samples were analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The zinc concentrations tended to be higher in a downstream direction. The concentration means of nine sampling stations in surface water in August 2019 to July 2020 varied from 0.011 to 0.031 mg/L. The annual mean concentration value has already exceeded the EQS. Meanwhile, the yearly concentration means of the industrial wastewater were 0.036 to 0.079 mg/L, lower than the National Effluent Standards of 2 mg/L in Japan. All sampling points had relatively high concentrations ranged from 0.021 to 0.062 mg/L in February during the winter season. The reduced precipitation causing low river discharges might consequently elevate the zinc concentrations. The total zinc load at the most downstream section was approximately 0.012 t/km2/year. According to this study, the Umeda River has been affected by anthropogenic activities.
Coastal settlement resilience to water-related disasters in Semarang City
Authors: Dewi S P , Ristianti N S , Kurniati R
Published: January 2021

The Semarang coastal areas face water and sediment-related disasters such as floods, land subsidence, and erosion that threaten its communities’ livelihood and undermine the environment’s coastal resources and quality. Likewise, the lack of adequate infrastructure and facilities makes the coastal area included as a slum area. Hence, living in slum settlements and facing water-related disasters makes people more vulnerable and difficult to face disasters. Therefore, this study focuses on assessing the physical quality of settlements as part of physical capital that reduces vulnerability and increases the community’s adaptive capacity to overcome adversities. The study adopted a quantitative approach through the scoring and descriptive comparative analysis by comparing each resilient settlement’s physical condition based on the indicator set.
Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4-Activated Carbon and it’s application to adsorb methylene blue
Authors: Dirgayanti D S , Koesnarpadi S , Hindryawati N
Published: January 2021

Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4-Activated Carbon (Fe3O4-AC) and the application to adsorb methylene blue has been conducted. The Fe3O4-AC was synthesized using the co-precipitation method on alkaline conditions. The Fe3O4 was prepared from mixing mole ratio of Fe3+ and Fe2+ = 3:2, and AC was made from an egg rack. Composite of Fe3O4-AC was characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). FTIR characterization was indicated the appearance peak of a C-O vibration at 1033.85 cm−1 and a functional group of Fe-O at 540.07 cm−1. XRD pattern of Fe3O4-AC was the presence peak of crystal structure Fe3O4, even though it’s small intensity. SEM image of Fe3O4-AC was spherical with the denser pore of structure. The saturation magnetization of Fe3O4-AC was lower than Fe3O4. The result showed that adsorption of methylene blue on Fe3O4-AC and AC was optimum at pH 7. The sorption of methylene blue on Fe3O4-AC and AC was 126.043 and 102.82 mg/g, respectively. The performance of Fe3O4-AC was greater than that of AC.
Measuring land subsidence of buildings in Semarang Chinatown
Authors: Rukayah R S , Sardjono A B , Abdullah M , Yulichandra R
Published: January 2021

There are not many studies that discuss land subsidence and try to measure it in historic areas. This paper will take an inventory of historical areas that have existed since the early growth of cities such as Semarang Chinatown, which has existed since the 17th century. This paper is part of the results of research on land subsidence in coastal cities in Java, which have left many historical areas. Semarang City is one of the case studies because it has a high land subsidence rate of around 20 cm/year in the North Semarang area. Indeed, this area in the past was an ocean. However, due to sedimentation, on the old 1700s map, this area has become a marsh. After becoming mainland, several historical areas stood on young alluvial land. The purpose of this paper is to make an inventory of old buildings in the historic area of Chinatown. On the map from 1695 to now, after 305 years, the area has experienced land subsidence, which can be seen visually in several buildings. The research method used old photos, old maps, and field surveys by taking samples of several old residences that still exist. To strengthen the data, the use of Google street view is very helpful in seeing conditions in the field. The recommendation of this research is to provide directions for an inventory of the list of buildings that need to be conserved due to the hazard of subsidence, which is currently not being felt by the local community.
OTTV recalculation of Suara Merdeka Tower: a recommendation design towards energy efficient building
Authors: Pramesti P U , Ramandhika M , Hasan M I , Werdiningsih H
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses how a building facade design possess an immense significant effect on thermal value transfer on building envelopes. The thermal transfer from outside into the building through the building envelope affects the thermal conditions in the building. Hence it determines the energy requirements in the room, such as the need for indoor air conditioning. Calculation on the southwest facade of Suara Merdeka Tower Semarang using the Ecotect software with the result that the OTTV (Overall Thermal Transfer Value) reaches above 35 W/m2 that is 59.44 W/m2. This facade is the face of the building as well as the smallest facade area. This smallest area remarkably influences on conditions in the building since the combination of glass types dominate and no shading devices on the entire side of the building. Solar radiation falls directly on the Southwest side after 12.00 pm and is not shadowed at all (overshadowed by 0%). This study simulates the redesign of the southwest façade and recalculates the OTTV value after the redesign process using the Ecotect software. The result obtained is a decrease in OTTV value by up to 35% after redesign recommendation applied.
The economic potential of paper waste recycling activities on the informal sector in Grobogan District a case study: Purwodadi Sub-district
Authors: Samadikun B P , Sinttia D A B , Rezagama A , Sumiyati S , Huboyo H S , Ramadan B S , Hadiwidodo M , Nabila F
Published: January 2021

Waste is a serious issue, not only in Indonesia but also in other countries. The governments have conducted various attempts to reduce waste, for example, by recycling waste. One of Indonesia’s regions that done recycling is Purwodadi Sub-District, where the activity of waste utilization is mostly conducted in the informal sector. This research aims to estimate the economic potential and the expense of the existing system of paper waste management and analyze the benefits of paper waste management activity by the informal sector in Purwodadi Sub-District economically and environmentally. The method used is interviews and questionnaire surveys toward 31 recyclers consisting of scavengers, waste banks, garbage collectors I and II, and the dealers. Based on the research result, each recycler’s economic potential in the enterprise of paper waste recycling was different. By applying for the paper waste 3R program in the informal sector, the benefits are divided into economic and environmental benefits. The economic benefits are profits from selling paper waste taken from recyclers. In contrast, the informal sector’s environmental services as paper waste management reduce the percentage waste reduction of 15.9% in Purwodadi Sub-District.
Estuary zone based on sea level salinity in Ciletuh Bay, West Java
Authors: Tunjung D M , Supriatna S , Ash Shidiq I P , Manessa M D M
Published: January 2021

The Estuary area is an area where there is a mixture of seawater with fresh water from the mainland. This estuary area is unique because seawater mixing with fresh water causes brackish water formation with fluctuating salinity. The fluctuation in salinity is influenced by the depth and shape of the water bed and the season. This study analyzes the estuary area (zone) in Ciletuh Bay, West Java, based on the rainy and dry seasons associated with bathymetry. The salinity value is obtained from Sentinel-2A image processing, using the salinity estimator algorithm’s calculation, namely the Cilamaya Algorithm. The results showed that the mapping of the distribution of salinity forms the estuary boundaries, and the variables of rainfall and bathymetry affect the distribution of salinity values. The shallower the water, the lower the salinity level. Conversely, the deeper the waters, the higher the salinity level. The statement is due to the influence of freshwater entry into the sea, which is also related to rainfall (season), affecting fluctuations between saltwater and freshwater.
Analysis of risks and challenges to demographic bonuses in sustainable development programs through population policy transformation (case study in Central Java Province)
Authors: Setyoningrum D U , Warella Y , Yuningsih T
Published: January 2021

Indonesia has experienced changes in various aspects due to the increasingly complex dynamics of the times. One of the triggers is related to the issue of the demographic bonus that is being experienced. The population of productive age is greater than that of non-productive age that the population growth will also increase. It is a problem because the increase in population is not matched by additional land. The government already has a population control program, as stipulated in the Family Planning Program (KB). In order to accelerate the population control mechanism, the government launched the Kampung KB program to reach out to the community more effectively. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. This study aimed to describe and analyse the risks and challenges to the Population Control Program environment in Central Java Province using SWOT. The result obtained that the high population with productive age can increase the population growth rate because Central Java Province is experiencing a demographic bonus.
Performance stability of reactors in disseminating COD and ammonium in domestic wastewater contaminated with pharmaceutical residues
Authors: Sudarno  , Hardyanti N , Sipayung M F
Published: January 2021

Currently, the use of PPCP products has increased significantly. Personal Pharmaceutical Care Products (PPCPs) enter the environment through human activities and residue from hospital and community use. The effect of increasing the concentration of amoxicillin as a pharmaceutical residue on bacterial growth and removing COD and ammonium was investigated on the intermittent and continuous reactor’s performance. The study was started with seven days of seeding acclimatization and running for twenty days. An increase in the concentration of pharmaceutical residue pollutants was carried out every five days. The sediment used came from the septic tank sediment and used artificial waste with an initial COD of 100 mg/l and an initial Ammonium of 80 mg/l. The results showed that the increase in the concentration of pharmaceutical residual pollutants in the operational reactor affected COD removal efficiency and ammonium efficiency. The efficiency of COD reduction at increasing concentrations of amoxicillin 0 mg/l, 5 mg/l, 10 mg/l and 20 mg/l were 58.06%, respectively; 48.48%; 41.18% and 35.14%. Meanwhile, the highest ammonium reduction rate was when the increasing amoxicillin concentration to 5 mg/l with the ammonium reduction rate of 3.98 NH4
+ -N/l.day.
Low-income households sustainability based on ecological perspective at Villa Karangsari Kebumen, Indonesia
Authors: Aini W N , Sunarti S , Esariti L
Published: January 2021

The research aims to examine the ecological sustainability of low-income households at Villa Karangsari. The majority of the houses have not used energy efficiently for residents, as evidenced by waste management activities, electricity, clean water energy savings, and fuel savings to reduce pollution for the housing environment. This research uses a quantitative approach via observations and questionnaires distributed to 80 respondents. Literature suggested that low-income households could be more sustainable by creating a healthy residential environment (including lighting, air circulation, greening, and pollution-free) and energy-efficient residential (at the stage of saving energy, not yet processing water and waste management). However, the result shows that the sustainability level is only at the stage of creating a healthy home environment with a score of 3,33 (good). For energy efficiency, the score is 2,99 and classified as enough. In sum, the ecological sustainability level is low because efforts to create a sustainable environment are still the residents’ responsibility. This research recommends that social capital could be used to mediate the potential for adapting and being sustainable via cooperation and networking.
Estimation of the potential of understorey and litter carbon on the shrub bush vegetation in Aceh Besar District
Authors: Umar U , Sufardi S , Syafruddin S , Teti T , Munar M
Published: January 2021

The distribution of shrub vegetation is almost evenly distributed in Aceh Besar district. The desire to see the carbon potential in this vegetation and treat it - future treatment will be carried out both reforestation and soil management to increase carbon stock for the future. Therefore, it is necessary to research and determine how much carbon potential is in scrub vegetation in the district Aceh Besar by making plots according to field conditions. Then, decided each vegetation growth on seedling plot sizes with a minimum area of 4 m2 (growth rate woody vegetation < 2 cm in diameter with a height = 1.5 m) and minimal stake plot area 25 m2 (growth rate of woody vegetation with a diameter of 2 cm to <10 cm). Each plot, both seedling and sapling plots, was repeated five times. Vegetation Shrubs <2 cm in size are dominated by Teki grass (Cyperus rotundus) and Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica). For shrub, vegetation measures 2 cm - 10 cm across dominance by Acacia mangium plants. The total amount of plant carbon biomass is 2,053,546.33 tonnes/ha, a C value of 964,990.26 tonnes/ha, and the potential for CO2 absorption at plants amounting to 3,540,455.15 tonnes/ha on shrub vegetation in the district Aceh Besar.
Open space function in plaza area in Central Java Great Mosque
Authors: Hamdani A M , Suprapti A , Rukayah R S
Published: January 2021

The plaza area at the Great Mosque of Central Java is a non-green open space of the Central Java Grand Mosque building complex. The Plaza area has an important role in the building, because the plaza area at the mosque is the first place we meet, and becomes the center of circulation and socio-religious activities for visitors. Thus, it is necessary to design a plaza area at the Grand Mosque of Central Java which considers all aspects. Open space has a role as a container that can accommodate certain activities of the community in certain areas, therefore open space has a contribution to be given to humans in the form of positive impacts. This research was conducted at the Grand Mosque of Central Java using qualitative-descriptive methods. This research focuses on studies in the plaza area of the Grand Mosque of Central Java in terms of open space functions. The results of this study, in the plaza area at the Great Mosque of Central Java, show that it has not fulfilled both as a general function of open space and an ecological function.
Design of waste cooking oil collection center in Semarang City using maximal covering location problem: a finding from Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Hartini S , Puspitasari D , Utami A A
Published: January 2021

Most waste cooking oil (WCO) in Semarang is still disposed of in landfills since there is an inadequate facility to collect those wastes. There are only three collection centers of WCO identified in Semarang. The alternative to sell WCO is also not the best option as the amount of WCO generated from households is less than the culinary enterprise. Thus, having a collection channel that can thoroughly cover all the supply points of WCO from the household in Semarang is a necessity. This research will design a collection channel to provide facilities so the waste can be appropriately managed. The analysis determines the number, location and capacity of each collection center, standard operating procedure of WCO collection, and the picking route. The number, location, and breadth of the collection center are determined using Maximal Covering Location Problem. The finding shows that to facilitate all the potential supply of WCO in scenario 1 with a range of 2 km mileage need 95 collection center. In contrast, in scenario 2, a distance of 1 km requires a collection center of 146 points. Previously, this study began by identifying community behavior towards waste cooking oil by surveying 347 households.
Characteristics of Kemiri Sunan (reutalis trisperma (blanco) airy shaw) biodiesel processed by a one stage transesterification process
Authors: Supriyadi S , Purwanto P , Hermawan H , Anggoro D D , Carsoni C , Mukhtar A
Published: January 2021

Kemiri sunan (Reutalis trisperma (blanco) airy shaw) is a plant that has the potential to be developed as a biodiesel feedstock in Indonesia because its fruit seeds have several advantages compared to jatropha and palm oil, including its oil content and productivity. The biodiesel production process consists of three stages, namely, esterification, transesterification, and purification. The process requires strong mixing to obtain sufficient contact between the vegetable oil and the catalyst or alcohol, especially at the beginning of the reaction. It is carried out manually in the reaction process through mechanical mixing (stirring) and heating in the transesterification process. Furthermore, biodiesel production process is greatly influenced by the accuracy of concentration and type of catalyst. This study aims to identify the optimal method for the process of biodiesel production from kemiri sunan oil. The research was conducted with a one-stage transesterification to determine the biodiesel yield and quality. The results showed that several biodiesel parameters satisfied the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for biodiesel (SNI number 7182:2015). However, the kinematic viscosity of biodiesel was still higher than the standard.
Prediction of spatial pollution load using the PLOAD Model
Authors: Rezagama A , Sarminingsih A , Sariffudin S , Hariyanto H , Daniswara C R A , Febbyany D G
Published: January 2021

The rapidly growing population density has decreased water quality due to waste from human activities originating from industrial, agricultural, and household activities that produce waste. Non Point Sources pollutants are difficult to control because their formation is very complicated. The BASINS-PLOAD model is used to predict the amount of pollutant load and non-point sources based on spatial data. The pollution loading model using BASIN PLOAD shows good results. The estimated pollution load of Nitrate and Phosphate parameters in the Garang watershed from 2006 to 2012 and 2012 to 2017 increased. It was related by a massive increase in residential land area. Settlements produce domestic waste, which contains nitrate and phosphate parameters.
Indoor air pollution in Air-Conditioned bus and non-Air-Conditioned bus
Authors: Husna I E , Unzilatirrizqi D Y E R , Sarifuddin  , Wijinurhayati A A
Published: January 2021

The use of buses as mass transportation mode has become a popular option for the people because of the cheap price and flexibility. The bus comfort is one of the keys to improving the quality of transportation service. However, the bus capability to carry many people with various conditions has a potential risk of creating indoor pollution inside the bus. This study aims to examine the level of air pollution inside an air-conditioned bus and a non-air-conditioned bus with a biological agent’s approach as the source of pollutants. The analysis conducted in this study is limited to microorganisms as one of the sources of indoor air pollution. Several media are placed in some part of the air-conditioned bus and non-air-conditioned bus. The study shows that there are fungi inside the buses that serve as contaminants and pathogen microbes that can cause air pollution.
Technology for increasing calf yield using ultrafine particles of silicon dioxide
Authors: Khristianovsky P I , Platonov S A
Published: January 2021

The technology provides for the intramuscular injection of ultrafine particles of silicon dioxide during the synchronization of sexual heat at a dose of 10 μg/kg to increase the yield of offspring. The experiment involved the Red Steppe cattle. There were two groups of 10 cows exposed to estrous synchronization with oestrophan. In the experimental group, the animals were injected with a solution of SiO2 nanoparticles simultaneously with the second injection of oestrophan. All cows were inseminated artificially. In the experimental group, the fertilization rate was 70.0 %, while in the control group – 60 %. FSH and LH dynamics in the blood serum in both groups was similar, but in the experimental group, the level of hormones during an induced estrous cycle changed more dramatically.
Improving the efficiency of poultry meat production by feeding ultrafine silicon
Authors: Mustafina A S , Rakhmatullin S G , Sizova E A
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of a study on the effect of various doses of ultrafine silicon on the microbial content of the intestines and blood parameters of poultry. The microbiology of digestion is very complex and poorly understood. It was found that ultrafine silicon particles selectively affected the intestinal micro flora of chickens, reduced the number of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby increasing the number of lactobacilli in the total mass. Useful microorganisms can significantly increase the bioavailability of the feed used. It also has a positive effect on the content of red blood cells and by the middle of the experiment, their number was significantly higher in the experimental groups by 4.74–7.79 %, and by the end of the experiment-by 4.38–9.04% compared to the same indicator in the control group. The hemoglobin content in the blood of chickens also increases in comparison with the beginning of the experiment. By the end of the accounting period, in the 1st (dose of 100 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine si particles), 2nd (dose of 200 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine Si particles) experimental groups, the level of hemoglobin decreased by 4.78–5.06%, in the 3rd (dose of 300 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine Si particles) and 4th (dose of 400 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine Si particles) experimental groups, where the highest concentration of silicon in the feed was observed, increased by 12.0 %. There was also an increase in the total protein in the blood of the experimental bird by 3.05–5.45% by the middle of the experiment and by 10.08-11.58% by the end of the experiment. The albumin fraction content also increases by 10.48-3.10 %. Thus, the data obtained during the study reflect the body’s response to various doses of ultrafine silicon used in poultry feeding. The obtained result shows the possibility of using these forms in the industrial production of animal feed.
Efficiency and safety of using different sources of zinc in poultry nutrition
Authors: Sizova E , Miroshnikov S , Ayasan T
Published: January 2021

Full and balanced diet of poultry with high-quality feeds and availability of minerals is the key to high safety and productivity of animals. The needs of animals for minerals can be met through various forms of compounds: inorganic, organic, chelated and nanoscale. The aim of research was a comparative assessment of influence of various forms of zinc on the productivity and morpho-biochemical parameters of blood of broiler chickens. Replacing the inorganic form of zinc with nanoscale (group I) and organic form (group II) leads to a positive productive effect by the end of the experiment, by 4.6 and 11.1 %, respectively, compared to the control. At the same time, a short-term increase in the number of leukocytes at 28 days of age was observed after feeding with nanoZn (group I) by 40 % (P≤0.05) and by 12.4 % when using its organic form (group II). The concentration of hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells tended to increase in the experimental groups compared with the control at 21, 28 and 35 days of age. The use of various forms of zinc affects the state of biochemical indicators of metabolism in the body, leading to different growth rates of animals. The study showed that it is possible to improve broiler productivity by completely replacing the inorganic form of zinc with an organic or nanoscale one. The obtained result shows the possibility of using these forms in the industrial production of animal feed.
Efficiency of protein-rich plant and animal additives in feeding broiler chickens
Authors: Abilov B T , Marynich A P , Boldareva A V , Nechaev S A
Published: January 2021

Recently, there has been a need to find new ways to intensify the poultry industry thus maximizing the net yield. The inclusion of such protein-rich feed additives as maize gluten and Organic in the diet of broiler chickens in the amount of 3 % of mixed feed weight both separately and in the mixture increased the body weight gain by 8.8–19.2 %, survival rate – by 3.3 %, feed efficiency – by 0.23–0.26 of energy feed units or by 9.1–9.8 %, productivity index (European Production Efficacy Factor) – by 47.9–91.7 units or 35.5–36.7 %. Besides, their meat quality was improved: the content of dry matter, protein, fat and ash increased by 8.44–8.54 %; 1.56–1.6 %; 0.89–0.98 %; 0.16–0.2 %. The total tasting score of pectoral muscles increased by 5.8–6.3 %. Additional profit per head increased by 7.94–19.65 rubles, the level of profitability of broiler chicken cultivation increased by 5.37–13.14 %.
Predicting the body weight of Hereford cows using machine learning
Authors: Ruchay A N , Kolpakov V I , Kalschikov V V , Dzhulamanov K M , Dorofeev K A
Published: January 2021

Various machine learning algorithms have been used to model and predict the body weight of Hereford cows. The traditional linear regression model and various machine learning algorithms have been used to develop models for the prediction of the body weight of Hereford cows. The dependent variables include body weight and independent variables include withers height, hip height, chest dept, chest width, width in maclocks, sciatic hill width, oblique length of the body, oblique rear length, chest girth, metacarpus girth, backside half-girth, and age measurements of 1500 cows aged 2–6 years of age. The performance of the models is assessed based on evaluation criteria of the coefficient of determination, the root mean squared error, the mean absolute error, the mean absolute percentage error. We used a concept of splitting data into training, testing and validation datasets to provide a robust method for modelling and predicting. The RandomForestRegressor algorithm was found to provide the best results for training and testing datasets. It was concluded that machine learning algorithms may provide better results than the traditional models and may help researchers choose the best predictors for body weight of animals.
Testing the rigidity of the universal flanged centre shifter while sanding crankshaft necks of agricultural tractors
Authors: Berdennikov E A , Shablykin I N
Published: January 2021

The repair and mechanical workshop, where the current repair of equipment is carried out, is an integral part of the technical service of an agricultural enterprise. There are specialized repair companies involved in restoration of basic machine parts. The development and implementation of advanced technologies for restoring parts will improve the quality of repairs and extend the service life of agricultural machinery. A universal flanged centre shifter is a device designed to shift a part relative to its axis of rotation before machining, for example, before sanding crankshaft necks. One of the factors affecting the accuracy of mechanical cutting and subject to research in this paper is the rigidity of the technological system “machine – tool – part”. The rigidity of the technological system is understood as the ability to provide resistance to deformation forces.
Research results for eccentric tillage rollers
Authors: Kurdyumov V I , Sharonov I A , Egorov A S
Published: January 2021

An innovative double-drum eccentric roller has been developed. The proposed roller allows you to effectively destroy soil lumps and evenly compact the soil surface. Its main advantage is the varying effect on the same areas of soil with its working surfaces, due to which the maximum result of crushing of soil lumps is achieved. The roller is tested in the field with the quality control of its tillage in accordance with agro-technical requirements. As an optimization criterion, we adopted the coefficient of conformity to the standard ks. It characterizes the quality of soil cultivation by the proposed roller from the position of conformity of the structural composition of the soil to agrotechnical requirements. A comparison of the processing quality of the proposed roller and ring-spur roller was made. When the structural composition of the soil fully complies with the agrotechnical requirements ks = 1. Experimental studies of the eccentric roller made it possible to determine its optimal parameters for which the coefficient of compliance with the standard ks = 0.72, which is 20 % better than the ring-spur roller KKSh-6G-02 (ks = 0.52). The achieved quality of soil cultivation by the eccentric roller made it possible to increase the yield of spring wheat by 320 kg/ha in comparison with a ring-spur roller, which provides a profit of 3593 rubles per 1 ha.
Investigation of the possibility of using coagulant for cleaning used motor oils
Authors: Maltseva E I , Keruchenko L S , Zakharov S V
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to studying the possibility of using organic or inorganic coagulants in the process of purification of used motor oils (UMO). In experimental studies, combinations of aqueous solution of carbomide, acetic acid and isopropyl alcohol were used as coagulants. The analysis showed that the third variant of coagulant combination was the most effective. Mathematical models were obtained. Varying factors: percentage of coagulant α (%), settling temperature t (°C) and settling time τ (min−1). The mathematical model is constructed for response functions: alkaline pH number, oil color (OC) of mechanical impurities content (β). The research results showed that this coagulant improves the color of used oil. The use of this coagulant increases the alkaline number of purified oil. It reduces the content of mechanical impurities.
Toxicological safety control and dosage parameters of the pharmacological agent SPAO for chickens
Authors: Miftakhutdinov A V
Published: January 2021

To reduce economic losses caused by technological factors affecting chickens, a pharmacological complex SPAO (a stress protector antioxidant) was developed. SPAO is a pharmacological composition containing lithium citrate, vitamins, and other substances that affect the metabolism of chickens. The toxicological studies proved that the SPAO belongs to the group of low-toxic substances that do not have locally irritating properties. With a single oral administration at a dose of 6773.33 mg per 1 kg of body weight, there were no toxic effects. It is a low-hazard substance (relatively harmless). As a result of assessment of the dose-effect relationship, when the level of corticosterone in the blood of chickens was used as a marker sign of activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, the lowest dose providing a pronounced anti-stress pharmacological effect is 185 mg/kg according to the scheme (two days and a day before exposure to stress factors). Long-term administration of the SPAO-complex at a dose of 185–1850 mg per 1 kg of body weight does not cause the death of experimental animals. In therapeutic doses, the SPAO-complex does not adversely affect the general condition of experimental animals, digestion and urination, the central nervous system and the morphology of internal organs. At doses exceeding therapeutic ones by 5–10 times, within 40 days of use, it increases the heart weight, causes dystrophic phenomena in liver and increases the volume of spleen, without a significant effect on the weight of this organ.
Assessment of propagation efficiency of Clematis L. green cuttings in Western Siberia
Authors: Prokhorova N A , Kling A P
Published: January 2021

In recent years, clematis have become very popular in landscaping around the world. The representatives of this species are characterized by long-term decorativeness, a fast growth rate and a variety of forms. To meet the needs of urban landscaping, a large amount of planting material adapted to local conditions is required. In this regard, it becomes necessary to study individual parameters of their reproduction, taking into account the capabilities of producers of planting material in the region. The varieties that are well adapted to local climatic conditions, are stable decorative were selected as the objects of research. These are representatives of the Jacqueman groups (Rhapsody, Hagley Hybrid, Jerzy Popieluszko and Madame Baron Veillard) and Viticella (Purpurea Plena Elegans, Polish spirit, Ville de lyon). The varieties Ville de lyon (93%), Madame Baron Veillard (82%), Purpurea Plena Elegans (80%) have the highest root-forming ability. The propagation of cuttings is influenced by many factors such as the phenological phase of development during the harvesting of cuttings, the microclimate parameters in the artificial fog greenhouse and the varietal characteristics of the culture. In the future, it is necessary to work out the issues of deplantation of annual plants into containers for overwintering in protected ground.
Reduction of draft resistance by substantiating the coulter design parameters for multi-degree fertilization and seed sowing
Authors: Demchuk E V , Myalo V V , Myalo O V , Begunov M A
Published: January 2021

Food security of the state, in accordance with agrarian policy and the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On development of agriculture”, is aimed at providing the population with safe agricultural products. To ensure food security it is necessary to develop the agricultural industry, which in its turn is impossible without the development of the agricultural machine building industry as the basis for successful agricultural production. The coulter unit for multi-degree fertilization and seed sowing is presented. The forces acting on the coulter from the soil have been determined and analyzed. Theoretical calculations of the coulter draft resistance are presented, based on which the rational parameters of the proposed working body are determined.
Rational plough arrangement for plowing with turnover of the soil layer
Authors: Vasilenko V V , Vasilenko S V
Published: January 2021

The method of basic tillage in the form of dump plowing continues to be dominant in the cultivation of agricultural crops, so plows are being improved in many directions. In some models of ploughs, a full rotation of soil layers, an alternative direction of their rotation, smooth adjustment of the width of the grip, various ways of alternating left-and right-hand working bodies, and many more variations are used. The aim of the study is to summarize the latest achievements in these areas in order to design a rational plow. A rational design should combine the best performance indicators for the quality of work and energy costs as well as ease of maintenance and management of the arable unit. The proposed scheme of a hinged rotary plow can be considered rational, since it performs plowing with high quality at the level of agricultural technology. It provides a smooth state of the plowed surface, a full turn of the layers, deep burying of all plant residues and weed seeds in the soil, and aligns the ridges on the surface layer of the soil. Power consumption during plowing is reduced due to the absence of coulters, field boards, reduced plow weight and accurate orientation of the thrust force vector. The management of the ploughing unit is facilitated by automating the rotation of the working bodies, the absence of idle crossings across the field, reducing the length of the plough, the absence of side loads, as well as by more convenient adjustments.
Biotechnological aspects of the use of vegetable oils in the production of meat products
Authors: Sheida E V , Lebedev S V , Gubaidullina I Z , Grechkina V V , Ryazanov V A
Published: January 2021

Biotechnological processes are becoming an important component of the world’s economy, including agro-industrial production. They are based on the use of biological objects such as plants, animals and microorganisms; biological processes, the effective management of which is the essence of biotechnology in the traditional and modern sense. Biotechnology provides groundbreaking approaches to improving animal health and livestock productivity. This improvement is possible by improving the use of high quality feed, as well as by increasing the efficiency of their use in the body. This problem can be solved by including vegetable oils in full-component diets, which are concentrated sources of energy for the body as a whole and give the feed certain taste and structure. The paper shows the positive effect of the additional introduction of vegetable oils (soybean and linseed ones) on increasing the productive qualities of beef cattle.
Innovative technology of processing berries by osmotic dehydration
Authors: Gribova N A , Perov V I , Eliseeva L G , Berketova L V , Nikolayeva M A , Soltaeva N L
Published: January 2021

The present study is devoted to the influence of osmotic agent type and of its concentration on processing fresh berries with subsequent freezing. Freezing berries without preliminary protection destroys their texture, and during defreezing berries lose their consumer properties and vitamin content. The study describes the physical and chemical processes of osmotic dehydration: crystallization temperature; sucrose syrup concentration; changing the mass; frozen moisture amount; water activity; change of the mass fraction of mono-, disaccharides and vitamin C in the berries. As a result, crystallization temperature of dehydrated berries was calculated: from -1.1°C to -2.6°C (60°Brix) and from -1.7°C to -4.8°C (70°Brix). Frozen moisture amount was estimated at 83.2%-92.8% (60°Brix) and 52.2%-87.95% (70°Brix), water activity was 0.9756-0.9891 (60°Brix) and 0.9551-0.9838 (70°Brix). The obtained data allowed determining that the amount of monosaccharides in frozen berries which were preliminarily osmo-dehydrated with 70°Brix sucrose solution rose up to 20%, and the amount of vitamin C to 14.8% (compared with freshly frozen berries). Osmotic dehydration with sucrose solution of specified concentration protects the smooth texture of berries and preserves their organoleptic properties and valuable nutritional composition.
Pectin-containing antioxidant drink based on extracts of grape pomace and Chamerion
Authors: Donchenko L V , Limareva N S , Belousova A I , Koss A N
Published: January 2021

The cause of many pathological processes in the human body that entail various serious diseases is damage to cellular structures by free oxygen radicals. This has led to the urgency of developing drinks with high antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Various types of Chamerion, C. angustifolium L. and C. caucasicum and pomace of the Ancellotta grape variety growing in the South of Russia were selected as the objects of research. The results of determining the amino acid composition, the content of total polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and tannins confirmed the high antioxidant properties of C. angustifolium L. and C. caucasicum. It was found that the amino acid composition does not differ significantly by the type of Chamerion. The content of amino acids is not high, except for a relatively high number of four essential amino acids, such as leucine, valine, phenylalanine and isoleucine. Research results have shown that the type of Chamerion affects the content of antioxidant compounds. It was found that a small quantitative predominance of common phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins and tannins is observed in C. angustifolium L. At the same time, the highest content of antioxidant compounds is observed in leaves and flowers. Quantitative evaluation of the anti-radical and anti-oxidative activity of the resulting beverage showed its high ability to bind free radicals, which is further confirmed by the indicators of restoring power (4.91 mmol Fe2+/1 kg of raw material).
The influence of the genotype of gobies on the quality of meat products
Authors: Nikonova E A , Kosilov V I , Anhalt E M
Published: January 2021

The object of the study was the bull-calves of the Kazakh white-headed breed of the Trans-Volga inbreed type and their crosses with the Ural Hereford of different generations. During the control slaughter at 18 months of age, the morphological and varietal composition of meat products was studied. The manifestation of the effect of crossing on the quality indicators of meat products is established. At the same time, the bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed were inferior to the Hereford crossbreeds in the specific gravity of the edible part of the carcass by 0.9–2.2 %, the meatiness index 0.12–0.38, and the yield of premium meat by 0.6–1.6 %. The most significant manifestation of the crossing effect was observed in crossbreeds of the first generation. The second-generation crossbreeds were inferior to them in the studied indicators by 1.3, 0.26, 1.0 % respectively. The obtained experimental materials can be used to perfect cattle of the Kazakh white-headed breed.
Method for processing deer bones
Authors: Grishaeva I N , Nepriyatel A A , Krotova M G
Published: January 2021

The article presents the data on the assessment of a method for the production of biosubstance from the bones, of Siberian red deer including the removal of fat and protein fractions using infrared radiation, ultrasound and fermentation, as well as softening the bone by autoclaving, followed by grinding of the resulting product. The prerequisite for the study was the importance and necessity to create a biosubstance of natural origin with a high degree of digestibility for the prevention of the development of musculoskeletal system diseases due to the intensive spread among population. The research material was tubular bones of Siberian red deer with removed bone marrow. It was shown that the optimal mode during processing of deer bone is the phased exposure of infrared rays for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 80-85 ° C, followed by removal of the protein fraction using ultrasound equipment at a temperature range of 75 to 80 ° C and exposure time 4-5 hours, autoclaving at the temperature of 120 ° C and pressure of 1.5 atm for 3 hours. This technological scheme allowed obtaining biosubstance from deer bones with a yield of mineral substances up to 98.6% and a maximum level of purification of the product from organic impurities.
Automation of dairy herd management and evaluation of its economic efficiency using an information system
Authors: Burda A G , Kosnikov S N , Polusmak V I , Burda S A
Published: January 2021

Elements and systems of automated management of the dairy herd, questions of prompt and reliable evaluation of their economic efficiency using the proposed information system are considered. The market offers various options for automated herd management, accompanied by expert assessments of technological and production effects. However, to make decisions on the economic viability of new solutions, clear algorithms and information systems are needed to convert this data into economic effects and economic efficiency assessments. Official statistics for the Russian Federation and the Southern Federal District formed the base of this study. Design calculations were performed for one of the agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar Territory. The research results were obtained using discounting methods, mathematical modeling, programming in SQL, as well as the original method of transforming non-standard cash flow by highlighting its multidirectional members. The calculations performed using the information system made it possible to evaluate the considered innovations as cost-effective, with short payback periods and high profitability. This allowed us to conclude that the automated management of the dairy herd is promising not only from the technological, but also from the economic point of view.