bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the management of Helicobacter pylori infection between the older and younger European populations
Authors: Jonaitis Paulius , Nyssen Olga P. , Saracino Ilaria Maria , Fiorini Giulia , Vaira Dino , Pérez-Aísa Ángeles , Tepes Bojan , Castro-Fernandez Manuel , Pabón-Carrasco Manuel , Keco-Huerga Alma , Voynovan Irina , Lucendo Alfredo J. , Lanas Ángel , Martínez-Domínguez Samuel J. , Almajano Enrique Alfaro , Rodrigo Luis , Vologzanina Ludmila , Brglez Jurecic Natasa , Denkovski Maja , Bujanda Luis , Mahmudov Umud , Leja Mārcis , Lerang Frode , Babayeva Gülüstan , Bordin Dmitry S. , Gasbarrini Antonio , Kupcinskas Juozas , Gridnyev Oleksiy , Rokkas Theodore , Marcos-Pinto Ricardo , Phull Perminder S. , Smith Sinead M. , Tonkić Ante , Boltin Doron , Buzás György Miklós , Šembera Štěpán , Şimşek Halis , Matysiak-Budnik Tamara , Milivojevic Vladimir , Marlicz Wojciech , Venerito Marino , Boyanova Lyudmila , Doulberis Michael , Capelle Lisette G. , Cano-Català Anna , Moreira Leticia , Mégraud Francis , O’Morain Colm , Gisbert Javier P. , Jonaitis Laimas ,   Hp-EuReg investigators, Būmane Renāte , Mammadov Emin , Abdulkhakov Rustam A. , Fadeenko Galina , Huguet Jose M.
Published: October 2023

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori remains high in the older population. Specific age-related peculiarities may impact the outcomes of H. pylori treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostics and effectiveness of H. pylori eradication between the younger and older European populations. “European Registry on H. pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)” data from 2013 to 2022 were analyzed. Patients were divided into older (≥ 60 years) and younger (18–59 years) groups. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) and per-protocol (PP) analysis was performed. 49,461 patients included of which 14,467 (29%) were older-aged. Concomitant medications and penicillin allergy were more frequent among the older patients. Differences between younger and older populations were observed in treatment duration in first-line treatment and in proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) doses in second-line treatment. The overall incidence of adverse events was lower in the older adults group. The overall first-line treatment mITT effectiveness was 88% in younger and 90% in the older patients (p < 0.05). The overall second-line mITT treatment effectiveness was 84% in both groups. The effectiveness of the most frequent first- and second-line triple therapies was suboptimal (< 90%) in both groups. Optimal efficacy (≥ 90%) was achieved by using bismuth and non-bismuth-based quadruple therapies. In conclusion, the approach to the diagnostics and treatment of H. pylori infection did not generally differ between younger and older patients. Main differences were reported in the concurrent medications, allergy to penicillin and adverse events both in first- and second-line treatment. Optimal effectiveness rates were mostly achieved by using bismuth and non-bismuth-based quadruple therapies. No clinically relevant differences in the effectiveness between the age groups were observed.
Targeted imaging of uPAR expression in vivo with cyclic AE105 variants
Authors: Leth Julie Maja , Newcombe Estella Anne , Grønnemose Anne Louise , Jørgensen Jesper Tranekjær , Qvist Katrine , Clausen Anne Skovsbo , Knudsen Line Bruhn Schneider , Kjaer Andreas , Kragelund Birthe Brandt , Jørgensen Thomas Jørgen Dyreborg , Ploug Michael
Published: October 2023

A comprehensive literature reports on the correlation between elevated levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and the severity of diseases with chronic inflammation including solid cancers. Molecular imaging is widely used as a non-invasive method to locate disease dissemination via full body scans and to stratify patients for targeted treatment. To date, the only imaging probe targeting uPAR that has reached clinical phase-II testing relies on a high-affinity 9-mer peptide (AE105), and several studies by positron emission tomography (PET) scanning or near-infra red (NIR) fluorescence imaging have validated its utility and specificity in vivo. While our previous studies focused on applying various reporter groups, the current study aims to improve uPAR-targeting properties of AE105. We successfully stabilized the small uPAR-targeting core of AE105 by constraining its conformational landscape by disulfide-mediated cyclization. Importantly, this modification mitigated the penalty on uPAR-affinity typically observed after conjugation to macrocyclic chelators. Cyclization did not impair tumor targeting efficiency of AE105 in vivo as assessed by PET imaging and a trend towards increased tracer uptake was observed. In future studies, we predict that this knowledge will aid development of new fluorescent AE105 derivatives with a view to optical imaging of uPAR to assist precision guided cancer surgery.
Nonlinear modeling of magnetic materials for circuit simulations
Authors: Kutorasiński Kamil , Pawłowski Jarosław , Leszczyński Paweł , Szewczyk Marcin
Published: October 2023

Magnetic materials in the form of magnetic rings are widely used in power engineering products. In many cases, they operate in high frequency and in nonlinear conditions, e.g., as damping elements in electrical power substations equipped with Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) where they provide suppression of Very Fast Transient Overvoltages (VFTOs). To model phenomena in GIS with magnetic rings it is required to have realistic time-dependent models of magnetic materials operating in a wide frequency range and nonlinear conditions. Nowadays, this has become even more relevant due to the actual trend in the industry to create digital twins of physical devices. Models composed of high-precise discrete lumped nonlinear elements are in demand in circuit simulators like SPICE. This work introduces a method based on classical algorithms that find equivalent lumped models of magnetic cores based on frequency-dependent measurements of impedance under DC-bias current. The model is specifically designed to have smooth behavior in the current domain and thanks to that to improve numerical stability in the time domain simulations.
Miniaturization does not change conserved spider anatomy, a case study on spider Rayforstia (Araneae: Anapidae)
Authors: Propistsova E. A. , Makarova A. A. , Eskov K. Y. , Polilov A. A.
Published: October 2023

Miniaturization is an evolutionary trend observed in many animals. Some arachnid groups, such as spiders and mites, demonstrate a strong tendency toward miniaturization. Some of the most miniaturized spiders belong to the family Anapidae. In this study, using light and confocal microscopy and 3D modelling, we provide the first detailed description of the anatomy of a spider of the genus Rayforstia, which is only 900 µm long. In comparison with larger spiders, Rayforstia has no branching of the midgut in the prosoma and an increased relative brain volume. In contrast to many miniature insects and mites, the spider shows no reduction of whole organ systems, no allometry of the digestive and reproductive systems, and also no reduction of the set of muscles. Thus, miniature spider shows a more conserved anatomy than insects of a similar size. These findings expand our knowledge of miniaturization in terrestrial arthropods.
Magnitude and variability of individual elbow load in repetitive baseball pitching
Authors: van Trigt Bart , van Hogerwou Thomas , Leenen Ton A. J. R. , Hoozemans Marco J. M. , van der Helm Frans C. T , Veeger DirkJan H. E. J.
Published: October 2023

In baseball pitchers the elbow is exposed to high and repetitive loads (i.e. external valgus torque), caused by pitching a high number of balls in a practice session or game. This can result in overuse injuries like the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury. To understand injury mechanisms, the effect of repetitive pitching on the elbow load magnitude and variability was investigated. In addition, we explored whether repetitive pitching affects elbow muscle activation during pitching. Fifteen pitchers threw each 60 to 110 balls. The external valgus torque and electromyography of three elbow muscles were quantified during each pitch. Linear mixed model analyses were performed to investigate the effect of repetitive pitching. On a group level, the linear mixed models showed no significant associations of repetitive pitching with valgus torque magnitude and variability and elbow muscle activity. Significant differences exist between pitchers in their individual trajectories in elbow valgus torque and muscle activity with repetitive pitching. This shows the importance of individuality in relation to repetitive pitching. In order to achieve effective elbow injury prevention in baseball pitching, individual characteristics of changes in elbow load and muscle activity in relation to the development of UCL injuries should be investigated.
Behavior of higher-order MDD on energy ratios at the interface of thermoelastic and piezothermoelastic mediums
Authors: Barak M. S. , Ahmad Hijaz , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Rajneesh , Gupta Vipin , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A.
Published: October 2023

This paper investigates the intricate energy distribution patterns emerging at an orthotropic piezothermoelastic half-space interface by considering the influence of a higher-order three-phase lags heat conduction law, accompanied by memory-dependent derivatives (referred to as HPS) within the underlying thermoelastic half-space (referred to as TS). This study explores the amplitude and energy ratios of reflected and transmitted waves. These waves span various incident types, including longitudinal, thermal, and transversal, as they propagate through the TS and interact at the interface. Upon encountering the interface, an intriguing dynamic unfolds: three waves experience reflection within the TS medium, while four waves undergo transmission into the HPS medium. A graphical representation effectively illustrates the impact of higher-order time differential parameters and memory to offer comprehensive insights. This visual representation reveals the nuanced fluctuations of energy ratios with the incidence angle. The model astutely captures diverse scenarios, showcasing its ability to interpret complex interface dynamics.
Laser nanostructured gold biosensor for proto-oncogene detection
Authors: Hughes Cian , Sreenilayam Sithara , Brabazon Dermot
Published: October 2023

The advancement of biosensor research has been a primary driving force in the continuing progress of modern medical science. While traditional nanofabrication methods have long been the foundation of biosensor research, recent years have seen a shift in the field of nanofabrication towards laser-based techniques. Here we report a gold-based biosensor, with a limit of detection (LoD) 3.18 µM, developed using environmentally friendly Laser Ablation Synthesis in Liquid (LASiS) and Confined Atmospheric Pulsed-laser (CAP) deposition techniques for the first time. The sensors were able detect a DNA fragment corresponding to the longest unpaired sequence of the c-Myc gene, indicating their potential for detecting such fragments in the ctDNA signature of various cancers. The LoD of the developed novel biosensor highlights its reliability and sensitivity as an analytical platform. The reproducibility of the sensor was examined via the production and testing of 200 sensors with the same fabrication methodology. This work offers a scalable, and green approach to fabricating viable biosensors capable of detecting clinically relevant oncogenic targets.
Unveiling oxygen vacancy impact on lizardite thermo and mechanical properties
Authors: Pecinatto H. , Rêgo Celso R. C. , Wenzel W. , Frota C. A. , Perrone B. M. S. , Piotrowski Maurício J. , Guedes-Sobrinho Diego , Dias Alexandre C. , Mota Cicero , Gusmão M. S. S. , Frota H. O.
Published: October 2023

Here, we performed a systematic DFT study assisted by the workflow framework SimStack for the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the clay mineral lizardite in pristine and six different types of O vacancies configurations. In most cases, the defect caused a structural phase transition in the lizardite from the trigonal (pristine) to the triclinic phase. The results show that oxygen vacancies in lizardite significantly reduce the lattice thermal conductivity, accompanied by an elastic moduli reduction and an anisotropy index increase. Through the P–V relation, an increase in compressibility was evidenced for vacancy configurations. Except for the vacancy with the same crystalline structure as pristine lizardite, the sound velocities of the other vacancy configurations produce a decrease in these velocities, and it is essential to highlight high values for the Grüneisen parameter. We emphasize the great relevance of the punctual-defects introduction, such as O vacancies, in lizardite, since this microstructural design is responsible for the decrease of the lattice thermal conductivity in comparison with the pristine system by decreasing the heat transfer ability, turning lizardite into a promising candidate for thermoelectric materials
Efficacy of three different techniques in the fluoroscopy-guided intra-articular steroid injection of the hip: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Taveesuksiri Rakop , Kulalert Prapasri , Jitapunkul Chane , Apivatgaroon Adinun
Published: October 2023

Fluoroscopy-guided injection via the anterior (A), anterolateral (AL), or proximal anterolateral (PAL) approaches are the common hip injection techniques without comparing the efficacy of the three techniques. The prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted from August 2020 to March 2022. Included patients with intra-articular hip disorders indicated an intra-articular steroid injection. Excluded significant spine pathology with radiculopathy or significant neurological deficits, previous hip surgery of the injection side, suspected tumor or infection origins, steroid or contrast media allergy, and body mass index > 35 kg/m2. The primary outcome was the injection attempt defining one attempt and multiple attempts. 90 patients were recruited and allocated to 30 per group. There were no differences between A, AL, and PAL respectively regarding the success in one attempt rate (80%, 80%, 90%; p = 0.533), VAS during local anesthetic injection (4.33 ± 1.99, 3.70 ± 2.34, 4.27 ± 2.49; p = 0.500), VAS during intra-articular injection (4.27 ± 1.87, 4.70 ± 2.37, 4.13 ± 2.37; p = 0.587), radiation doses (0.558 ± 0.313, 0.526 ± 0.485, 0.492 ± 0.275 mGy; p = 0.788), radiation time (0.043 ± 0.017, 0.039 ± 0.021, 0.041 ± 0.015 seconds; p = 0.723), and complications. The post-injection mHHS was improved in all three approaches without significant differences.
Surfactant Sensors for Environmental Analysis
Authors: Praharaj Swetapadma , Rout Dibyaranjan
Published: October 2023

Growing environmental pollution has long been drawing the attention of researchers and technocrats. In this scenario, surfactants play a major role in modifying surfaces by increasing their surface area and porosity, thereby improving the response of sensors for environmental pollutants. However, surfactants sometimes pose danger to the surroundings due to their toxic nature. This chapter aims to discuss both aspects of surfactants. The first half deals with the sensors employed for sensing harmful surfactants in the environment, while the rest of the chapter focuses on surfactant-based sensors to detect trace levels of noxious pollutants in the environment, such as colourants, heavy metals and pesticides. Reading through the chapter will definitely help in making a rational choice of surfactants for environmental analysis and design new technologies.
Surfactant Sensors for Food Quality Monitoring
Authors: Dorai Sandya Tambi , Tiwari Priya , Dwivedi Yashi , Chandrashekharappa Sandeep
Published: October 2023

This chapter explores the market’s existing surfactant food sensors and their specificity for identifying food constituents of high quality. Surfactants are compounds that are widely used in food production and processing as they play an important role in modifying the surface properties of food materials. They provide a fast, accurate, and reliable means of detecting surfactants in food samples. The detection of surfactants in food is critical to ensure that the food meets regulatory standards and is safe for consumption. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of surfactant sensors for food quality monitoring. Researchers have explored various materials such as graphene, nanoparticles, and polymers to develop highly sensitive and selective sensors. Moreover, the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence has enhanced the accuracy and reliability of surfactant sensors. Surfactant sensors have become a vital tool in food quality monitoring. They have the potential to significantly improve food safety and quality by detecting the presence of harmful surfactants in food samples. Future research should focus on improving the sensitivity and selectivity of surfactant sensors, developing cost-effective and portable devices, and exploring their potential applications in various food products.
Recent advances of biosensors on microneedles
Authors: Ma Xiaoming , Zhou Qian , Gao Bingbing
Published: October 2023

Biosensors have attracted a considerable attention in recent years due to their enormous potential to provide insights into the physical condition of individuals.
Improvement of the effectiveness of sonodynamic therapy: by optimizing components and combination with other treatments
Authors: Wang Xiangting , Xu Xiaohong , Yang Zhe , Xu Xuanshou , Han Shisong , Zhang Heng
Published: October 2023

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging treatment method. The approaches for selecting ultrasound parameters and sonosensitizers to increase the SDT effect were summarized and the potential of combining SDT with other treatment methods was discussed to further increase the efficiency of SDT.
Synthesis of nitrogen mustards on cobalt(iii)
Authors: Kariyawasam Rasika J. , Zibaseresht Ramin , Polson Matthew I. J. , Houlihan Joanna C. C. , Wikaira Jan L. , Hartshorn Richard M.
Published: October 2023

Functional group chemistry and coordination chemistry on cobalt are combined to mask the toxicity of nitrogen mustards.
A simple MOF constructed using Pb(ii) with strong polarizing force: a filler of Nafion membrane to increase proton conductivity
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Ding Li , Zou Huiqi , Huan Zhipeng , Liu Houting , Lu Jing , Wang Suna , Li Yunwu
Published: October 2023

A simple Pb-MOF with excellent water and thermal stability was synthesized. Due to the strong polarization of Pb(ii) cation, it shows strong acidity. As a filler, it can significantly improve the proton conductivity of Nafion composite membrane.
Broadening solid ionic conductor selection for sustainable and earth-abundant solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zou Peichao , Wang Chunyang , He Yubin , Xin Huolin L.
Published: October 2023

We propose a universal solid electrolyte design that broadens the selection of ceramic LICs for solid-state lithium metal batteries, without requirements of electronic insulation or (electro)chemical stability.
Rational design and synthesis of l-carvone-derived 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-thioether/nanochitosan complexes as potent nanopesticides for sustainable and efficient herbicidal application
Authors: Li Baoyu , Duan Wengui , Lin Guishan , Cui Yucheng , Wen Rongzhu , Liu Chuwen , Xie Yulu
Published: October 2023

Rational design of l-carvone-derived 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-thioether derivatives for leading compound of green herbicides.
Protein-based nutritional strategies to manage the development of diabetes: evidence and challenges in human studies
Authors: Montserrat-de la Paz Sergio , D. Miguel-Albarreal Antonio , Gonzalez-de la Rosa Teresa , Millan-Linares Maria C. , Rivero-Pino Fernando
Published: October 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases in modern society, governed by both genetic and environmental factors, such as nutritional habits. Dietary habits have a relevant impact on its development.
Manipulating topological Hall-like signatures by interface engineering in epitaxial ruthenate/manganite heterostructures
Authors: Roy Pinku , Zhang Di , Mazza Alessandro R. , Cucciniello Nicholas , Kunwar Sundar , Zeng Hao , Chen Aiping , Jia Quanxi
Published: October 2023

Exchange coupling leads to an emergent magnetic phase at the interface of SrRuO3/La0.42Ca0.58MnO3 (SRO/LCMO) bilayers and promotes a diffusive Berry phase transition to give rise to a topological Hall effect-like feature.
In situ studies on defect formation dynamics in flash-sintered TiO2
Authors: Xue Sichuang , Li Phuah Xin , Jian Jie , Li Qiang , Li Jin , Yang Bo , Zhang Di , Wang Han , Tsakalakos Thomas , Mukherjee Amiya K. , Wang Haiyan , Zhang Xinghang
Published: October 2023

Defect formation dynamics in flash-sintered TiO2.
Self-assembly of glycoprotein nanostructured filaments for modulating extracellular networks at long range
Authors: Matassa Roberto , Gatti Marta , Crociati Martina , Brunelli Roberto , Battaglione Ezio , Papi Massimiliano , De Spirito Marco , Nottola Stefania Annarita , Familiari Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

Zona pellucida, a dense cross-linked network of glycoprotein filaments, evidences a smart morpho-structural change through self-extension/-contraction/-bending of the interconnected filaments capable of sizing/shaping the overall extracellular membrane at different oocyte stages.
Exploring the effects of different crystal facet combinations and I-doping in the BiOCl/BiOI heterostructure on photocatalytic properties: a hybrid density functional investigation
Authors: Liu Zuoyin , Kong Bo , Xu Xiang , Wang Wentao
Published: October 2023

This study highlights the critical roles of specific crystal facet combinations and I doping in enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the BiOCl/BiOI heterostructure, contributing to the comprehension of related experimental results.
Regio-specific enzymatic glucosylation of triterpenoids fromAntrodia camphorataand their biological activities
Authors: Su Hui-Fei , Li Bin , Yi Yang , Zhang Meng , Yu Rong , Bao Yang-Oujie , Chen Kuan , Ye Min
Published: October 2023

The bacterial glycosyltransferase YjiC1 was used to glycosylate triterpenoids from the medicinal fungusAntrodia camphorata.
Photochemically induced chloromethylation/cyclization of benzimidazole derivatives with CCl4/CHCl3
Authors: Liu Yanmin , Li Ziwei , Yang Luyao , Li Shuo , Chen Zhiwei
Published: October 2023

Chemically stable TiO2 was used as photocatalyst to synthesize polychloromethyl-containing polycyclic benzimidazole derivatives by photoredox.
Visible-light-driven 1,2-hydro(cyanomethylation) of alkenes with chloroacetonitrile
Authors: Fuke Keito , Miura Tomoya
Published: October 2023

One-carbon-extended nitriles are synthesized by a visible-light-driven 1,2-hydro(cyanomethylation) of alkenes with chloroacetonitrile. A cyanomethyl radical adds onto alkenes to form an alkyl radical, which undergoes hydrogen atom transfer from thiol.
Correction: Rhodium(ii)-catalyzed transannulation approach to N-fluoroalkylated indoles
Authors: Bakhanovich Olga , Klepetářová Blanka , Beier Petr
Published: October 2023

Correction for ‘Rhodium(ii)-catalyzed transannulation approach to N-fluoroalkylated indoles’ by Olga Bakhanovich et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ob01415k.
Imidazolium-based polymeric ionic liquids with diverse carboxylates: precision synthesis and LCST- and UCST-type thermoresponsivity in water
Authors: Matsuo Naoki , Ueda Masahiro , Kanazawa Arihiro , Aoshima Sadahito
Published: October 2023

Polymeric ionic liquids containing imidazolium salt moieties with suitable alkyl and aromatic carboxylate counteranions were demonstrated to exhibit LCST- and UCST-type thermoresponsivity, respectively, in water.
Influence of plasma kinetic energy during the pulsed laser deposition of borophene films on silicon (100)
Authors: Rivera-Tello César D. , Guerrero J. A. , Huerta L. , Flores-Ruiz Francisco J. , Flores M. , Quiñones-Galván J. G.
Published: October 2023

Schematic and idealized illustration of the hexagonal structures of the borophene sheets of the multilayered borophene films; (a) B01, (b) B02, (c) B03, and (d) B04 sample.
Enhanced degradation of ibuprofen in an integrated constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell: treatment efficiency, electrochemical characterization, and microbial community dynamics
Authors: Youssef Youssef A. , Abuarab Mohamed E. , Mahrous Ahmed , Mahmoud Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Coupling CWs with MFCs enhanced ibuprofen removal. Eichhornia crassipes remarkably contributed to ibuprofen removal. CW-MFC represents a technically and economically feasible option for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment and electricity production.
Chemical reactivity of the tryptophan/acetone/DMSO triad system and its potential applications in nanomaterial synthesis
Authors: Huang Chun-Yi , Liao Hsiao-Wei , Hu Teh-Min
Published: October 2023

This study explores the surprising browning reaction of tryptophan in acetone/DMSO, revealing mild self-aldol condensation phenomena and potential applications in nanomaterial synthesis.
Base-mediated C–B bond activation of benzylic boronate for the rapid construction of β-silyl/boryl functionalized 1,1-diarylalkanes from aromatic alkenes
Authors: Gao Liuzhou , Liang Xinyi , He Linke , Li Guoao , Chen Shengda , Cao Jia , Ma Jing , Wang Guoqiang , Li Shuhua
Published: October 2023

By shifting the chemical equilibrium of the benzylic boronate–base complex to the free carbanion state, we developed a general, practical, and simple method for the construction of β-silyl/boryl functionalized 1,1-diarylalkanes.
Systematic exploration of accessible topologies of cage molecules via minimalistic models
Authors: Tarzia Andrew , Wolpert Emma H. , Jelfs Kim E. , Pavan Giovanni M.
Published: October 2023

Minimal models of cages are used to map the accessible cage topologies based on building block properties.
Crosslinking strategies in modulating methylcellulose hydrogel properties
Authors: Bonetti Lorenzo , De Nardo Luigi , Farè Silvia
Published: October 2023

This review explores the possible crosslinking approaches for methylcellulose hydrogels, elucidating each crosslinking method's role in modulating the hydrogels’ properties.
Dynamic susceptibility of soft ferrogels. Effect of interparticle interaction
Authors: Zubarev A. Yu.
Published: October 2023

We present the results of theoretical analysis of the dynamic susceptibility of soft elastic–viscous ferrogels with embedded single-domain ferromagnetic particles chaotically distributed in the host medium.
Influence of triphenylamine derivatives in efficient dye-sensitized/organic solar cells
Authors: Farokhi Afsaneh , Shahroosvand Hashem , Zisti Fatemeh , Pilkington Melanie , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja
Published: October 2023

Highly efficient small organic triphenylamines (TPAs) molecules used in DSCs and OSCs with their cost-effectiveness and straightforward synthesis methods.
Materials funnel 2.0 – data-driven hierarchical search for exploration of vast chemical spaces
Authors: Ortega Ochoa Raul , Benediktsson Bardi , Sechi Renata , Jørgensen Peter Bjørn , Bhowmik Arghya
Published: October 2023

We propose a novel HTCS accelerated inverse design in a very large materials space combining the benefits of generative modeling, computationally efficient machine learning surrogate and high-quality physics-based simulation.
Design and fabrication of biomimicking radially graded scaffolds via digital light processing 3D printing for bone regeneration
Authors: Wang Yue , Chen Shangsi , Liang Haowen , Bai Jiaming , Wang Min
Published: October 2023

Four types of biomimicking radially graded scaffolds were designed and fabricated via digital light processing 3D printing. Graded gyroid–gyroid scaffolds exhibited better dimensional accuracy, compressive property, and cell proliferation rate.
A high-performance pH-sensitive electrode integrated with a multi-sensing probe for online water quality monitoring
Authors: Uppuluri Kiranmai , Szwagierczak Dorota , Fernandes Llewellyn , Zaraska Krzysztof , Lange Ilja , Synkiewicz-Musialska Beata , Manjakkal Libu
Published: October 2023

Water quality monitoring is an essential tool in effective environmental and public health protection.
A chemically treated IGZO-based highly visible-blind UV phototransistor with suppression of the persistent photoconductivity effect
Authors: Kim Min Gye , Jeong Jun Hyung , Ma Jin Hyun , Park Min Ho , Kim Seunghwan , Park Soohyung , Kang Seong Jun
Published: October 2023

OH−-induced IGZO UV phototransistor for the successful suppression of PPC effect.
A versatile classification tool for galactic activity using optical and infrared colors
Authors: Daoutis C. , Kyritsis E. , Kouroumpatzakis K. , Zezas A.
Published: October 2023

Context.The overwhelming majority of diagnostic tools for galactic activity are focused mainly on the classes of active galaxies. Passive or dormant galaxies are often excluded from these diagnostics, which usually employ emission-line features (e.g., forbidden emission lines). Thus, most of them focus on specific types of activity or only on one activity class, for example active galactic nucleus (AGN) galaxies

Aims.In this work we used infrared and optical colors to build an all-inclusive galactic activity diagnostic tool that can discriminate between star-forming, AGN, low-ionization nuclear emission-line region, composite, and passive galaxies, and which can be used in local and low-redshift galaxies.

Methods.We used the random forest algorithm to define a new activity diagnostic tool. As the ground truth for the training of the algorithm, we considered galaxies that have been classified based on their optical spectral lines. We explored classification criteria based on infrared colors from the first three WISE bands (bands 1, 2, and 3) supplemented with optical colors from theu, g, andrSDSS bands. From them, we sought the combination with the minimum number of colors that provides optimal results. Furthermore, to mitigate biases related to aperture effects, we introduced a new WISE photometric scheme that combines apertures of different sizes.

Results.Using machine learning methods, we developed a diagnostic tool that accommodates both active and passive galaxies under one unified classification scheme using just three colors. We find that the combination ofW1-W2, W2-W3, and g-r colors offers a good performance, while the broad availability of these colors for a large number of galaxies ensures it can be applied to large galaxy samples. The overall accuracy is ~81%, and the achieved completeness for each class is ~81% for star-forming, ~56% for AGN, ~68% for LINER, ~65% for composite, and ~85% for passive galaxies.

Conclusions.Our diagnostic represents a significant improvement over existing infrared diagnostics because it includes all types of active galaxies, as well as passive galaxies, extending their application to the local Universe. The inclusion of the optical colors improves its ability to identify low-luminosity AGN galaxies, which are generally confused with star-forming galaxies, and helps us identify cases of starbursts with extreme mid-infrared colors that mimic obscured AGN galaxies, a well-known problem for most infrared diagnostics.
The unusual planetary nebula nucleus in the Galactic open cluster M37 and six further hot white dwarf candidates
Authors: Werner Klaus , Reindl Nicole , Raddi Roberto , Griggio Massimo , Bedin Luigi R. , Camisassa María E. , Rebassa-Mansergas Alberto , Torres Santiago , Goodhew Peter
Published: October 2023

Planetary nebulae in Galactic open star clusters are rare objects; only three are known to date. They are of particular interest because their distance can be determined with high accuracy, allowing one to characterize the physical properties of the planetary nebula and its ionizing central star with high confidence. Here we present the first quantitative spectroscopic analysis of a central star in an open cluster, namely the faint nucleus of IPHASX J055226.2+323724 in M37. This cluster contains 14 confirmed white dwarf members, which were previously used to study the initial-to-final-mass relation of white dwarfs, and six additional white dwarf candidates. We performed an atmosphere modeling of spectra taken with the 10m Gran Telescopio Canarias. The central star is a hot hydrogen-deficient white dwarf with an effective temperature of 90 000 K and spectral type PG1159 (helium- and carbon-rich). We know it is about to transform into a helium-rich DO white dwarf because the relatively low atmospheric carbon abundance indicates ongoing gravitational settling of heavy elements. The star belongs to a group of hot white dwarfs that exhibit ultrahigh-excitation spectral lines possibly emerging from shock-heated material in a magnetosphere. We find a relatively high stellar mass of M = 0.85−0.14+0.13 M⊙. This young white dwarf is important for the semi-empirical initial-final mass relation because any uncertainty related to white-dwarf cooling theory is insignificant with respect to the pre-white-dwarf timescale. Its post-asymptotic-giant-branch age of 170 000–480 000 yr suggests that the extended planetary nebula is extraordinarily old. We also performed a spectroscopic analysis of the six other white dwarf candidates of M37, confirming one as a cluster member.
KiDS-1000: Cosmology with improved cosmic shear measurements
Authors: Li Shun-Sheng , Hoekstra Henk , Kuijken Konrad , Asgari Marika , Bilicki Maciej , Giblin Benjamin , Heymans Catherine , Hildebrandt Hendrik , Joachimi Benjamin , Miller Lance , van den Busch Jan Luca , Wright Angus H. , Kannawadi Arun , Reischke Robert , Shan HuanYuan
Published: October 2023

We present refined cosmological parameter constraints derived from a cosmic shear analysis of the fourth data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-1000). Our main improvements include enhanced galaxy shape measurements made possible by an updated version of thelensfit code and improved shear calibration achieved with a newly developed suite of multi-band image simulations. Additionally, we incorporated recent advancements in cosmological inference from the joint Dark Energy Survey Year 3 and KiDS-1000 cosmic shear analysis. Assuming a spatially flat standard cosmological model, we constrainS8 ≡ σ8(Ωm/0.3)0.5 = 0.776−0.027−0.003+0.029+0.002, where the second set of uncertainties accounts for the systematic uncertainties within the shear calibration. These systematic uncertainties stem from minor deviations from realism in the image simulations and the sensitivity of the shear measurement algorithm to the morphology of the galaxy sample. Despite these changes, our results align with previous KiDS studies and other weak lensing surveys, and we find a ∼2.3σlevel of tension with thePlanckcosmic microwave background constraints onS​8.
A study of Io’s sodium jets with the TRAPPIST telescopes
Authors: De Becker A. , Head L. A. , Bonfond B. , Jehin E. , Manfroid J. , Yao Z. , Zhang B. , Grodent D. , Schneider N. , Benkhaldoun Z.
Published: October 2023

Io is the most volcanically active body in the Solar System. This volcanic activity results in the ejection of material into Io’s atmosphere, which may then escape from the atmosphere to form various structures in the Jovian magnetosphere, including the plasma torus and clouds of neutral particles. The physical processes involved in the escape of particles – for example, how the volcanoes of Io provide material to the plasma torus – are not yet fully understood. In particular, it is not clear to what extent the sodium jet, one of the sodium neutral clouds related to Io, is a proxy of processes that populate the various reservoirs of plasma in Jupiter’s magnetosphere. Here, we report on observations carried out over 17 nights in 2014–2015, 30 nights in 2021, and 23 nights in 2022–2023 with the TRAPPIST (TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope) telescopes, in which particular attention was paid to the sodium jet and the quantification of their physical properties (length and brightness). It was found that these properties can vary greatly from one jet to another and independently of the position of Io in its orbit. No clear link was found between the presence of jets and global brightening of the plasma torus and extended sodium nebula, indicating that jets do not contribute straightforwardly to their population. This work also demonstrates the advantage of regular and long-term monitoring in understanding the variability of the sodium jet and presents a large corpus of jet detections against which work in related fields may compare.
Heritage management and sustainability of heritage sites. The case of ancient Greek theatre of Dodoni, Epirus, Greece
Authors: Nastou Marina-Panagiota , Zerefos Stelios
Published: October 2023

Heritage is composed of tangible and intangible assets, as well as cultural and natural sites threatened by the effects of climate change. The sustainability of heritage is significant for its transmission to the next generations, future progress, cultural development and diversity. Thus, this paper is focused on the protection and management of heritage, presenting as case study the ancient Greek Theatre of Dodoni, located in Epirus. Stakeholders are related to scientists for climate change, heritage managers, society (including educational organizations), local community as well as the visitors. The interaction of these groups offers a management plan focused on the needs of the place. Moreover, the research of the local identity of the landscape should be combined with climatic data showing the course of the climate change and its effects on the site of study. This information of climate indices is retrieved by meteorological stations in North-Western Greece. In particular, we analyze climatological data of temperature, humidity and precipitation, collected by the meteorological station of Ioannina (Hellenic National Meteorological Service) for the period 1956-2022. Therefore, the assessment of measurements and extremities can be combined with the vulnerability approach and the risk assessment for the structure of heritage management and the dissemination.
Comparison of Fungi with Sclerotia as Sustainable Materials for Product Design
Authors: Karaca Cansu , Karaca Gürsel
Published: October 2023

Due to the increasing problems related to environmental pollution, sustainable and biodegradable materials gained importance. Fungi are among the most promising sources as biomaterials and have recently been used in product design. Sclerotia are compact hyphal masses produced by fungi under certain conditions, especially for survival. In this study four sclerotia forming fungi; Botrytis cinerea, Laetisaria arvalis, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani were compared in terms of features of sclerotia and possible usage as sustainable materials. Fungi were grown on a solid medium (potato dextrose agar) for two weeks and sclerotia formations were compared by daily observations. L. arvalis and M. phaseolina had smaller sclerotia homogeneously scattered all over the medium surface, while B. cinerea and R. solani formed sparse and bigger sclerotia. Shapes, colors and hardness of the sclerotia were also different from each other. Like fungal mycelia, sclerotia with more resistant structures may also be used as biomaterials in product design.
Overview of meshfree modeling of the flowability of fresh self-compacting concrete for sustainable structures
Authors: Onyelowe Kennedy C. , Kontoni Denise-Penelope N. , Onyia Michael E. , Soleymani Atefeh , Ebid Ahmed M. , Jahangir Hashem
Published: October 2023

The flow of Bingham non-Newtonian incompressible fluids like concrete is associated with the large deformation of materials. The modeling and simulation of these fluids’ flow behavior by using conventional numerical methods. suffer problem-formulation setbacks due to mesh distortion. In order to compensate for the mathematical inefficiencies encountered in the process, particle-based methods have evolved and been applied. Also, the use of some particle-based methods produces a stretch of unreliability due to the Eulerian algorithmic trail, which visits every particle edge allowing for revisiting vertices during its operation. This makes the model path cumbersome and time-consuming. Concrete flow is an important element of sustainable infrastructural development, and its understanding strengthens the efficiency of concrete handling and placement during construction activities. In this paper, a mesh-free method of modeling the flowability of self-compacting concrete (SCC) known as the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) has been reviewed. It derives its advantage from the Lagrangian algorithmic trail. This explores its merits and demerits in the concrete construction industry to propose the best practices for the passing ability, filling ability, and dynamic stability of the flowing fresh concrete (FFC)
Geopolymer as an Innovative Material for Green Roofs - A State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: Saba Marianne , Perez Gabriel , Coma Julià , Polls Mireia
Published: October 2023

To help minimize water temperature variations and stop excessive evaporation, effective insulation materials are frequently needed during the design and construction of ponds. In contrast to conventional materials, geopolymer mortars have great insulating qualities, making them an attractive option. An alkaline activator and aluminosilicate materials react chemically to create geopolymers, which have a three-dimensional network structure and high thermal insulation properties. Geopolymer mortars are used in ponds to promote energy efficiency and sustainability while also improving temperature stability and reducing water loss from evaporation. An alkaline activator and aluminosilicate materials react chemically to create geopolymers, which have a three-dimensional network structure and high thermal insulation properties. The use of geopolymer mortars as an insulating material in pond construction is discussed in this abstract, along with its composition, characteristics, and advantages over more conventional choices. Geopolymer mortars are used in ponds to promote energy efficiency and sustainability while also improving temperature stability and reducing water loss from evaporation. The utilization of geopolymers as cutting-edge insulating materials for structures with green roofs is thoroughly examined in this publication. As sustainable construction techniques become more prevalent, selecting the right insulating materials is essential for enhancing energy efficiency and overall building performance. Geopolymers, which can be produced from industrial waste or natural resources, offer appealing properties for green roofs, such as the ability to lessen the impact of urban heat islands, superior thermal insulation, and fire resistance. This study assesses the advantages, challenges, and potential impact of geopolymer-based insulating materials on green construction practices.
The role of dust aerosols in forming the regional climate of Georgia
Authors: Davitashvili Teimurazi , Kutaladze Nato , Samkharadze Inga
Published: October 2023

The scope of this work is to study some aspects of the formation of the regional climate of the Caucasus (with a specific focus on Georgia) against the background of the impact of mineral aerosols using modelling (the RegCM interactively coupled with a dust module, WRF-Chem, and HYSPLIT models) and satellite data (MODIS, CALIPSO). The annual mean, as well as the error in summer and winter temperatures, standard deviation and correlation coefficient compared to the CRU data were calculated for 8 sub-regions with different orographic and climate properties. The calculation results showed that dust aerosol is an active player in the climatic system of the Caucasus (Georgia). Numerical results showed that the inclusion of dust radiative forcing in the RegCM numerical model brought the simulated summer temperature closer to the observed temperature values. The mean annual temperature increased throughout Georgia in simulations that took into account the direct impact of dust. Calculations using the WRF-Chem and HYSPLIT models revealed that during the study period, aeolian dust was brought into the territory of the South Caucasus (Georgia) equally not only from Africa and the Middle East, but also from Central (Western) Asia deserts, which was not noted earlier.
Assessing walkability: Index construction and application to a medium-size Greek city
Authors: Beltsiou Vasiliki , Gemenetzi Georgia , Manetos Panayiotis
Published: October 2023

European urban policies focus on sustainable urban mobility concept. This is linked to the constraint of motorized transport and the promotion of active-mobility modes (walking, cycling) which contribute to Green House Gas reduction targets as set in the European Union (EU) Climate Policy. Especially, walkable neighborhoods and 15-minute cities have been embraced in the post-pandemic city emphasizing the importance of walkability, which re-conciliates environmental concerns with liveable, sustainable and healthier communities. This research aims to construct a “walkability index” (WI) that may offer significant, reliable and quick results for the assessment of walkability in an urban area. The city of Larissa comprises the empirical field for its application. The index methodology is based on five main parameters: land use mix, residential density, pedestrian crossing connectivity, sidewalk condition and pedestrian-friendly areas. Then Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is implemented so as to weigh the selected parameters and finally the parameters multiplied and added in an equation f(x) with the use of ArcGIS Pro software. WI detects friendly-walking and non-friendly-walking areas and assesses the factors that hinder urban mobility and vulnerable people. Therefore, it may help policy makers and urban planners to build sustainable and healthy cities and improve the quality of life.
Photoluminescence from metal clusters formed in the pores of zeolite by pulsed laser ablation in a liquid phase
Authors: Takeda Yoshihiro , Toyama Namiki , Egashira Kazuhiro
Published: October 2023

Laser ablation (LA) in a liquid was used for loading clusters on various supporting materials. An advantage of LA in a liquid is that the cluster generation conditions are almost independent of the material. Gold, silver, and copper clusters were implanted in the pores of zeolite particles using a laser ablation of an Au, Ag, or a Cu plate in water dispersed with zeolite ZSM-5 particles. We found the evidence for Au and Ag clusters trapped in the pores of the zeolite through LA in water that the samples fluoresced between 400 and 500 nm under 350 nm excitation after calcination at 300 °C. However, the sample with Cu did not exhibit photoluminescence because the Cu particles produced by LA in water were oxidized. The Au and Ag clusters were estimated to be composed of ∼6 atoms based on the relationship between the HOMO–LUMO energy gap and the cluster size predicted using the jellium model.