bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing mathematics education for students with special educational needs through generative AI: A case study in Greece
Authors: Rizos Ioannis , Foykas Evaggelos , Georgakopoulos Spiros V.
Published: October 2024

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to have a profound impact on various aspects of human society, including mathematics education. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable lack of research, particularly in Greece, that focuses on the development and assessment of lesson plans and math worksheets tailored for students with special educational needs. To address this research gap, we designed and conducted a nine-hour teaching intervention in a general mathematics classroom in Greece, involving two 8th grade students with special educational needs as the subjects of the study. The intervention utilized worksheets generated by the ChatGPT 3.5 application, which were customized based on the current curriculum, as well as the special educational needs and interests of the two participating students. The data were collected through interviews, tasks, and e-questionnaires, and analyzed using a new theoretical framework based on the concept of mathematical familiarity. The results indicated that students were actively engaged in the educational process, felt safe and confident, satisfactorily met the learning objectives, and developed positive attitudes towards the mathematics course. The paper concludes with a list of good practices, teaching suggestions and restrictions that could be useful to teachers and education policy makers. The target audience for the current study is, mainly, mathematics teachers who serve at all levels of education and have students with special educational needs in their classrooms. Furthermore, the article may also prove of interest to students, parents and teachers who are interested in the interaction between mathematics education and generative AI.
Puberty — variations of terms: literature review and personal data
Authors: Dynnik V.O. , Dynnik O.O.
Published: October 2024

It is emphasized that puberty is a very important moment in a girl’s life.The characteristics of puberty, the timing of the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, and their sequence in modern teenagers were given. Numerous epidemiological studies conducted in many countries of the world indicate a younger onset of puberty, but it continues to be considered physiological when it begins between the ages of 8 and 13.The timing of the appearance of the first menstruation is considered in detail. The parameters of a normal menstrual cycle are discussed, indicating that most teenage menstrual cycles are about 21 to 45 days. Menstrual cycles outside this range are abnormal and adolescents with excessive or infrequent bleeding should be seen by a pediatric gynecologist. Monitoring of sexual development by medical personnel will make it possible to timely identify adolescents with menstrual disorders in order to prescribe adequate treatment.Being in a combat zone has a negative effect on sexual development and menstrual function. It is stressed that early and late menarche are risk factors for the subsequent formation of a wide range of various diseases and not only from reproductive health, namely, cardiovascular diseases and their complications, and the percentage of mortality from them increases, diabetes type 2, gestational diabetes, cancer incidence, depressive states, etc. It is emphasized that the term «menstrual health» has recently been proposed and the assessment of menstrual cycles should be used as a vital indicator.The prevalence of problems with the menstrual cycle is high among adolescent girls. The lack of knowledge among medical staff in this question creates serious problems related to late treatment and the lack of an opportunity to prevent the formation of gynecological pathology, which can have significant consequences for future reproductive health.
FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY: LESSONS FROM TOFU INDUSTRY IN TRUNAN VILLAGE, MAGELANG
Authors: Jalunggono Gentur , Islami Fitrah Sari , Hutajulu Dinar Melani , Juliprijanto Whinarko
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine the financial analysis of the Food Processing Industry in Tofu Center of Trunan Village in an effort to maintain the calculation of operational costs, profit and loss, and investment in minimizing investment losses. In particular, this study aims to calculate the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), and Profitability Index (PI) in the Processed Food Industry in the Tofu Center of Trunan Village. The urgency of this research is to maintain the sustainability of the tofu industry in Trunan Village, which is one of the leading MSME centers in Magelang City and in an effort to maintain food security. Based on the results of the analysis it was found that financially the MSME management in the Tofu Center Food Processing Industry in Trunan Village did not fulfill the feasibility aspect. Net Present Value (Rp 2,147,030,794), Internal Rate of Return shows 2%, Payback Period 2 Years 8 months, and Profitability Index 4.10.
Keywords: Feasibility Study, NPV, IRR, PP, PI
The Paradox of Consumer Demand for Under-informative News
Authors: Trexler Andrew
Published: October 2024

The U.S. news media have long been criticized for reflexive use of conflict narratives and horse-race coverage in political coverage. Media organizations and some scholars argue that these approaches can broaden their audience and entice some relatively disinterested consumers to engage with political news. I argue that approaches instead deepen engagement from a narrow subset of the public, while failing to engage audiences that are less interested in politics. I provide empirical evidence of this dynamic with a preregistered conjoint experiment conducted with a national nonprobability sample (n = 2,101), in which I ask respondents to make news consumption decisions between pairs of headlines (n = 19,081) that vary in style, policy issue, topic, and source. I find that "public interest" style headlines that convey the public import of news stories in plain language are preferred by less politically engaged consumers, whereas highly politically engaged consumers prefer headlines that use conflict frames, specialized political jargon, forecasting predictions, or clickbait language. While news outlets have financial incentives to cater to the most engaged consumers, this study suggests that doing so may in fact drive away less engaged consumers, while simultaneously threatening democratic accountability mechanisms by producing news that is ultimately less informative.
Comment on Stallinga, P. (2023), Residence Time vs. Adjustment Time of Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere
Authors: Burton David A.
Published: October 2024

The goal of Stallinga (2023), to address confusion about CO2 "residence time" and "adjustment time," is laudable. Unfortunately, the author, himself, has confused them. Dr. Stallinga made two key errors, the second following from the first. His first and most important mistake was his claim that, "the adjustment time is never larger than the residence time." That is backward. It is easily shown that the adjustment time is much longer than the residence time, because some of the processes which reduce the residence time do not reduce the adjustment time. He also wrote that neither the residence time nor the adjustment time is "longer than about 5 years." That is correct only for the residence time. It is wrong by a full order of magnitude for the adjustment time. The adjustment time can be determined from measurements, and it is approximately fifty years.
Potential effects of coagulation processes on phytoplankton mortality in the Elbe estuary from a Lagrangian point of view
Authors: Steidle Laurin , Pein Johannes , Burd Adrian , Vennell Ross
Published: October 2024

Within the Elbe estuary, a sudden change in depth occurs when the river enters the shipping channel in the Port of Hamburg. This change in depth correlates with a sharp decline in phytoplankton concentrations. This decline affects the estuarine food web and shifts the ecosystem from autotrophic to heterotrophic during the summer months. Previous studies have hypothesized that this collapse is primarily driven by zooplankton grazing. We question this narrative and investigate the effect of phytoplankton aggregation with inorganic suspended matter and its impact on light limitation. In this study, we present a novel individual-based Lagrangian model to investigate the influence of aggregation on phytoplankton mortality. By incorporating data from the hydrodynamic model SCHISM and the sediment transport model SediMorph, we perform a Langragian simulation of the movement and aggregation of phytoplankton in the estuary. Our results show that aggregation with inorganic particles significantly increases sinking rates, leading to increased light limitation-induced mortality of phythoplankton, suggesting that aggregation processes may play an important role in explaining the collapse of phytoplankton concentration.
Controls of Dynamic and Static Stress Changes and Aseismic Slip on Delayed Earthquake Triggering in Rate-and-State Simulations of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Yun Jeena , Gabriel Alice-Agnes , May Dave , Fialko Yuri
Published: October 2024

Dynamic earthquake triggering often involves a time delay relative to the peak stress perturbation. In this study, we investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for delayed triggering. We compute detailed spatiotemporal changes in dynamic and static Coulomb stresses at the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest mainshock hypocenter, induced by the Mw 5.4 foreshock, using 3D dynamic rupture models. The computed stress changes are used to perturb 2D quasi-dynamic models of seismic cycles on the mainshock fault governed by rate-and-state friction. We explore multiple scenarios with varying hypocenter depths, perturbation amplitudes and timing, and different evolution laws (aging, slip, and stress-dependent). Most of the perturbed cycle models show a mainshock clock advance of several hours. Instantaneous triggering occurs only if the peak stress perturbation is comparable to the strength excess during quasi-static nucleation. While both aging and slip laws yield similar clock advances, the stress-dependent aging law results in a systematically smaller clock advance. The sign of the stress perturbation in regions of accelerating slip controls whether the mainshock is advanced or delayed. In these models, mainshocks can be triggered even when static stress changes do not favor rupture at the future mainshock hypocenter, due to stress transfer from the foreshock sequence. Our results suggest that the Ridgecrest mainshock fault was already on the verge of runaway rupture and that both foreshocks and aseismic deformation may have contributed to earthquake triggering.
deeptime: an R package that facilitates highly customizable visualizations of data over geological time intervals
Authors: Gearty William
Published: October 2024

Data visualization is a key component of any scientific data analysis workflow and is vital for the summarization and dissemination of complex ideas and results. One common hurdle across the Earth Sciences and other scientific fields remains the effective and reproducible visualization of data over long time intervals (104 – 107 years). Here I introduce the R package deeptime, which provides easy-to-use functions to facilitate visualizations of geological data. The package includes functionality to add various geological timescales to many different types of plots, use standardized stratigraphical patterns within figures, visualize continuous and discrete temporal data, and more. By leveraging the existing frameworks of the ggplot2 R package and the wider tidyverse R package ecosystem, deeptime allows for these visualizations to be highly customizable. Further miscellaneous functionality includes custom scales and coordinate systems to be used with ggplot2 and tools to use standardized stratigraphic patterns within figures. The open-source and constantly evolving package is accompanied by exhaustive documentation about the myriad options available to users and several tutorials demonstrating the available functionality. My hope is that deeptime will reduce the amount of time and experience needed to make reproducible and professional data visualizations, giving scientists more time to ensure that these visualizations are more accessible and engaging.
Novel metamaterials with negative moduli under compressive, tensile, and shear loadings
Authors: Soltani Sepehr , Hedayati Reza
Published: October 2024

Although mechanical metamaterials are rationally designed structures with micro-architectures that, in theory, can lead to any desirable mechanical properties, great interest has especially raised towards those with negative mechanical properties. In this paper, we propose structures that can show negative stiffness under shear, tensile, and hydrostatic loads. The principal working mechanism of the proposed structures is embedded pre-buckled and pre-twisted elements that can behave bistably. The structures demonstrated negative stiffness in a wide range of displacements under tensile and compressive loading types.  Among the three model types, i.e. constant thickness, variable thickness, and variable column cases, in two cases (constant thickness and variable column), the structure demonstrated negative stiffness in a consecutive range of displacements over a large range of displacement values. The structure with variable thickness, on the other hand, demonstrated negative stiffness only in one displacement domain, and the structure behaved normally (i.e. with positive stiffness) in other displacement values. One can adjust the design parameters of lattice structure in order to get the negative and positive stiffness values in the desirable displacement values.
Revisiting the Structural Validity of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) among Brazilian Adolescents: Insights from a Factor and Network Analysis.
Authors: Reichenheim Michael Eduardo , Piolanti Antonio , de Moraes Claudia Leite
Published: October 2024

Child maltreatment is a serious global health issue, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) is widely used to assess child abuse. However, its psychometric properties among adolescents have yet to be thoroughly explored. This study examined the factorial and network structure of the CTQ-SF among 721 Brazilian adolescents aged 15-19. Initial confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed the original 25-item, five-factor solution, followed by exploratory models that revealed mis specifications. Refinement required removing items from the physical neglect factor, resulting in a 20-item, four-factor model covering emotional neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. This solution demonstrated factorial item pertinence, unambiguity and reliability, and factor-based convergent and discriminant validity. The network analysis further highlighted strong links between emotional and physical abuse. The findings suggest that while the original model did not fully fit this population, the revised 20-item version offers improved and promising psychometric properties for assessing childhood trauma in adolescents.
Childhood Poly-Victimization and Impulsivity in Iranian Adults: A Regression Analysis of Behavioral Problems
Authors: Mirnobahar Kasra , Pourmohamadreza-Tajrishi Masoume , Bytamar Jahangir Mohammadi
Published: October 2024

Background: It's clear that the lasting impact of childhood events on mental health, specifically focusing on the concept of "polyvictimization" as a condition rather than isolated events. This is a key area of research, and understanding the incidence and effects of polyvictimization is crucial for developing effective interventions and support systems. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of polyvictimization in Iran and to compare its occurrence among different socioeconomic status (SES) groups and various sexual orientations within the subtypes of polyvictimization. Additionally, using the Barratt Impulsivity Scale, we investigate the prediction of impulsivity based on victimization.Methods: The study was conducted during the summer of 2023 and involved 573 adult participants aged 18 to 45 years. A demographic questionnaire, the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) developed by Finkelhor and colleagues (2011), and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) were administered online. Participants were recruited through non-randomized sampling via social media platforms such as Telegram, Instagram, LinkedIn, and Twitter. Data were collected by researchers, and descriptive statistics, ANOVA, post-hoc, and regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 26 and AMOS 26.Results: Out of the 573 participants (72.8% female; total mean age: 24.04; female mean age: 23.89; male mean age: 24.46), the average childhood victimization score was 11.95. Notably, 80.6% of participants were classified as high polyvictims (having experienced 7 or more types of victimization). Those with lower SES reported higher levels of victimization, and transgender individuals experienced higher victimization rates compared to other sexual orientation groups. To predict impulsivity based on victimization, the results of the regression analysis indicated that victimization significantly predicts cognitive impulsivity, motor impulsivity.Conclusion: The rates of victimization in Iran exceed those in many other countries, including low-income nations. Considering the significant impact of victimization on mental health, further research is necessary to identify the root causes and potential interventions to alleviate the consequences of trauma.Keywords: Impulsivity, Incidence, Polyvictimization.
Spatiotemporal variability in how species’ traits elicit human wellbeing
Authors: Fisher Jessica Claris , Dallimer Martin , Austen Gail , Irvine Kate , Aizlewood Sam G. , King Peter M. , Jackson Hazel A. , Fish Rob D. , Davies Zoe G.
Published: October 2024

Biodiversity declines are accelerating globally, impacting ecosystem functioning, with consequences for human health. Interactions with biodiversity can benefit human wellbeing, leading to avoided healthcare costs. However, existing research does not account for the species within ecological communities and their effect traits that elicit wellbeing (e.g. colours, sounds). Many species’ effect traits are seasonal, and spatial variation in exposure to ecosystems by different sectors of society can lead to unequal opportunities to gain wellbeing. Here, we use a novel analytical approach to explore how the relationship between forest biodiversity and wellbeing fluctuates: (1) temporally, between different seasons, and (2) spatially, across the socioeconomic deprivation continuum of a human population at a national scale (England and Wales). Forest species’ effect trait richness is spatially heterogeneous, particularly in autumn, spring, and summer. Broadleaf forests have greater species’ effect trait richness than other categories of forest. Forests with higher species’ effect trait richness, and forests that resulted in higher self-reported participant wellbeing, were in areas with the least socioeconomic deprivation. Forest creation/restoration and nature-health interventions must recognise this ecological and social diversity to ensure initiatives are equitable and socially just. Conserving biodiversity will therefore better deliver ecosystems that underpin healthier individuals and societies.
An Analysis of Questioning Strategies in Secondary Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Bohara Chhabi Lal
Published: October 2024

This article aimed to assess the current questioning practices and explore their impact in secondary-level mathematics classrooms in Lekhbeshi Municipality, Surkhet district. The researcher adopted a mixed-methods research design, selecting eighty students randomly from four schools for the quantitative component and four teachers along with four students for the qualitative component. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Statistical tools were employed to analyze quantitative data, while triangulation was used for qualitative themes. The study revealed that poor student performance was linked to inadequate implementation of techniques such as APPLE, DEAL, CLAPS, and the 5W method. Conversely, effective questioning strategies correlated with better student outcomes in mathematics. The findings underscore the importance of teachers mastering the art of student questioning, as it is crucial for fostering curiosity and enhancing learning in mathematics. Inadequate questioning practices can lead to classroom disruption and unproductive results. The study recommends further comparative research on questioning practices in mathematics classrooms and their effects on student achievement in Nepalese schools.
Metacognitive Skills in Mathematics Learning: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Kathayat Bhakta Bahadur
Published: October 2024

The goal of mathematical learning strategies is to create highly competent skills people with various problem-solving processes. Nonetheless, conceptual grasp remains a difficult issue in mathematics. So, the review article is about metacognitive skills and mathematical problem-solving. This paper aims to determine the impact of metacognitive skills on problem-solving skills in mathematics learning in a metacognitive learning strategy. metacognition skills are an important factor in the problem-solving process in mathematics. The review of thirteen articles related to metacognitive strategy and problem-solving in mathematics learning found that the metacognitive skills regarding planning, monitoring, and evaluation affect the development of a more profound comprehension of the learning process in mathematics, empowering them to become more effective and independent learners in mathematics learning. Additionally, these skills have a significant role in understanding the problem, making a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking backward to the solution in the problem-solving of mathematics learning.
Identity and Representation of Dalit Consciousness in Ahuti's Poetry
Authors: Shah Harijang
Published: October 2024

In the presented article, the identity and representation of Dalit consciousness in Ahuti's poetry is studied and analyzed. As the data obtained in the article are explained and analyzed descriptively and analytically, its format is qualitative. All the materials that are related to the study or written in Nepali literature that represent the Dalit consciousness and are necessary for the solution of academic problems have been collected from the library sources. As it is a qualitative research, deductive, analytical and logical processes have been used especially for interpretive analysis. In this way, the poet Ahuti, who has emerged in the contemporary progressive poetry stream, has not written so many poems in terms of quantity, but his poems are very strong and powerful in terms of quality. Ahuti, who literally followed the principles of progressive poetry writing, not only strongly opposed caste oppression, but also analyzed the problems of Dalits in a very academic manner and presented solutions. Ahuti has presented the identity and representation of Dalits against discrimination in Nepali literature in a very powerful way by exposing the rebellion against social distortions and disharmony, repression, exploitation, caste discrimination by the capitalist class towards Dalits and the oppressed in his poetry. In this way, by including his poetry in the school curriculum and textbooks, it has been concluded that everyone in the society needs to change their attitude and attitude towards Dalits from a young age.
Determinants of Economic Wellbeing Among Cooperative Members in Rolpa District, Nepal
Authors: Khadka Kamal Kumar
Published: October 2024

The present study has been conducted to assess the impact of cooperatives on the economic well-being of their members. The descriptive and causal-comparative study design is adopted with a deductive approach. Data were collected from a total of 404 respondents who are members of different cooperatives in Rolpa District of Nepal. This was done by using the non-probability convenience sampling method. Descriptive analysis was done for measuring the central tendencies of the variables with the help of data sourced chiefly through Likert scale surveys. The Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression models were computed in order to get a proper understanding of what factor has an influence on economic wellbeing. In the present case, it was found that the independent variables explained around 53.50 percent of variation in economic well-being, definitely significant in its effect.
The results exhibited a positive relationship with all the independent and dependent variables, thus offering evidence on the large share cooperatives contribute to improved economic wellbeing. Some of the key factors were participation by members, savings, and credit services, provision for financial literacy training, and financial inclusion, which had a positive and statistically significant effect. On the other hand, health and social services had a positive effect but did not have a statistically significant impact on economic well-being. These results show the very relevant contributions of cooperatives in driving economic prosperity for their members.
This study concludes that cooperatives are powerful tools for effectively making positive improvements to the economic welfare of members. This gives valued insights for policymakers, cooperative organizations, researchers, and cooperative members toward better economic outcomes and critical decisions about cooperative activities in Nepal. These findings certainly provide a case for increased support and development of cooperative institutions to maximize their beneficial impact on members' economic well-being.
Perception of Social Work Students Toward the Use of ICT in the Classroom
Authors: Gupta Umesh Kumar
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to find the social work students' perceptions of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in their educational experiences, focusing on performance expectancy, technology acceptance, attitudes toward ICT, and its relevance and practicality. This study adopted a survey research design under a quantitative research approach. The study reveals that students generally be aware of the substantial benefits of ICT in enhancing educational quality, facilitating access to information, and connecting academic learning with real-life applications. A significant majority agree that ICT-equipped classrooms and instructional aids improve teaching and learning, though some students express concerns about potential distractions and challenges in using technology effectively. Findings indicate a strong interest among students in developing their ICT skills and an acknowledgment of the necessity of these skills for academic and professional success. However, there are mixed perceptions about the ease of using ICT tools, with some students finding them challenging. The study also highlights the need for effective classroom management and targeted support to address these challenges.
Regulating Gig Economy in Nepal: How can Nepal Benefitted from the Gig Platform?
Authors: Khanal Sugita , Khanal Madhav Prasad
Published: October 2024

The gig economy is an expanding sector that extensively utilizes mobile digital apps to connect freelancers with customers. This article is a review-based article that aims to examine the potential of the gig platform and identify possible regulatory strategies for Nepal's future development of the gig economy. The gig economy provides opportunities for earning revenue, enhances the flexibility of workers, and contributes to employment generation in the country's economy. However, gig workers lack benefits such as a minimum wage, paid maternity leave, social security payments, and protection against occupational and health hazards. There is a lack of suitable legislation to effectively regulate the gig economy. The rise of Nepal's gig economy is disrupted. It is imperative to formulate precise legislation that specifically addresses the rights and working conditions of gig workers. It is imperative for Nepal to establish comprehensive legal frameworks to effectively regulate the gig economy. The government should introduce measures to enhance working conditions and offer comprehensive insurance programs to ensure that gig workers do not experience discrimination compared to traditional workers.
Mathematics Learning Style and Achievement of Secondary Level Students
Authors: Khatri Tilak Bahadur , Khanal Bishnu
Published: October 2024

This paper investigated the preferred learning style and learning achievement of secondary-level mathematics students across various branches of school-level mathematics, including arithmetic, algebra, and geometry. This paper also analyzed the relationship between preferred learning styles and their learning achievement in mathematics. The study used a survey questionnaire among fifty grade X students from two community schools out of ten in the Bheri Municipality of Jajarkot district. For this study, a learning style questionnaire developed by Cynthia A. Arem based on Neil Fleming's VAK model was adopted, and students' learning achievement was analyzed. The majority of students preferred a visual learning style, followed by kinaesthetic and auditory learning styles, when learning school-level mathematics. The students' preferred learning styles aligned with those of arithmetic, algebra, and geometry. The result shows that there is a relationship between the students' preferred learning style and their academic achievement. According to the study, teachers should tailor their teaching plans to their students' learning styles in order to improve school-level mathematics performance.
دور السياسة المالية في التنويع الاقتصادي في العراق بعد 2003
Authors: عصام عبد الخضر سعود  , علي مهدي عباس البيرماني
Published: October 2024

سعى البحث الى توضيح  تحليل دور السياسة المالية في تحقيق التنويع الاقتصادي من خلال استعراض مفهوم السياسة المالية وادواتها فضلا عن مفهوم التنويع الاقتصادي ومؤشراته وصولا الى الجانب العملي من خلال استعراض مؤشرات الناتج المحلي الاجمالي ومؤشرات الصادرات النفطية ونسبتها للصادرات الاخرى فضلا عن واقع الايرادات النفطية ونسبتها الى اجمالي الايرادات العامة ،وقد اظهرت نتائج الدراسة صحة فرضية البحث بضعف دور السياسة المالية في تحقيق التنويع وتم ذكر جملة من لعل ابرزها اعادة النظر في هيكلية الناتج المحلي من خلال تنشيط الانشطة السلعية خاصة القطاع الصناعي والزراعي ورفع نسبة مساهمتهما في توليد الناتج المجلي الاجمالي.
A Study on Optimizing the Smoothing Factor for Fast Non-local Means-based Denoising Algorithm in Brain CT Phantom Image using 3D Printing
Authors:   KOREA SOCIETY OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY, Park Minji , Kim Hajin , Lim Sewon , Kang Seong-Hyeon , Lee Youngjin
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to fabricate a 3D printed phantom for computed tomography (CT) imaging and to optimize the smoothing factor of the fast non-local means (FNLM) denoising algorithm. For this purpose, a 3D printer with fused filament fabrication technology was used to produce the brain CT phantom with a diameter of 16 cm that mimics cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter, white matter, and bone. Then, we added the Gaussian noise of 0.005 to express the low-dose conditions from CT images acquired using a brain phantom. The optimization of performed by applying the FNLM algorithm to the noise-added CT phantom image. The d-value for adjusting smoothing intensity of FNLM algorithm was applied from 0.01 to 1.00 in increments of 0.01. The contrast to noise ratio (CNR), signal to noise ratio (SNR), and pixel profiles were measured for quantitative evaluation. As a result, both CNR and SNR were greatly improved until the d-value was 0.07, however, gradual changes were observed showing a flattened slope after 0.07. In addition, we confirmed that the signal value was stabilized at 0.07 in the measurement of the pixel profile. The incline exhibited a milder at subsequent d-values and the contrast was decreased. Based on these results, the smoothing factor of the FNLM algorithm was optimized to 0.07. Additionally, a comparative evaluation with the Wiener filter, median modified Wiener filter and total variation algorithm was conducted. As a result, the most improved CNR and SNR values were obtained in all tissues when applying the FNLM algorithm with an optimized d-value of 0.07. In conclusion, the FNLM algorithm with d-value of 0.07 was verified to be effective in reducing noise for low-dose CT conditions.
A Study on the Correlation the Cardiac Cycle and the Size of the Left Atrial Appendage in Cardiac CT
Authors:   KOREA SOCIETY OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY, Ji Jae-Sun , Seo Choong-Beom , Kim Hyeon-Young , Chung Yong-Hwan , Dae Chang-Min , Song Min-Cheol
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to analyze the size changes of the left atrial appendage in atrial fibrillation patients to minimize complications of left atrial appendage occlusion and to determine the optimal cardiac cycle for selecting the appropriate device size. The study included 31 persistent atrial fibrillation patients and 69 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients in sinus rhythm, measuring the maximum, mean and perimeter-derived diameters of the left atrial appendage's orifice and landing zone at 10% intervals throughout the entire cardiac cycle. Analyzes included the distribution of size values for each cycle, one-way ANOVA, relative differences, frequency of maximum values, and interobserver reliability. As a result, the maximum, mean and perimeter-derived diameter of the left atrial appendage orifice and landing zone all showed maximum size value in the systolic phase, especially in the 40%. As it progressed towards end-diastole, the diameter progressively decreased. The relative differences in the atrial fibrillation group were more than 50% at both the orifice and landing zone, and in the sinus rhythm group, these differences exceeded 70% at the same points. The One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in the left atrial appendage size in each cardiac cycle(p<0.05) Frequency analysis showed that the 40% had the highest occurrence of maximum values for both areas. The assessment of interobserver reliability showed excellent consistency. All groups, the cardiac cycle phase showing the maximum left atrial appendage size was the systolic phase, especially at the 40% phase. Therefore, measuring the size of the left atrial appendage at 40% of the cardiac cycle before left atrial appendage occlusion may help minimize measurement errors and aid in selecting an appropriate device size.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Pelaksanaan Kewajiban Pajak bagi Pelaku UMKM di Kota Bekasi
Authors: Biettant Rubiatto , Bieattant Licke , Andrian Prima Dedi , Syamsurizal Syamsurizal
Published: October 2024

UMKM Komunitas Perempuan Tangguh Nasional (KOMPETeN) , merupakan salah satu Pelaku UMKM menjadi komponen masyarakat yang berperan sebagai pembayar pajak. Sebanyak 2,3 Juta pelaku UMKM terdaftar menjadi Wajib Pajak atau kurang lebih 3,6% dari Total 64,1 Juta Pelaku UMKM yang tercatat di Kementerian UMKM pada Tahun 2018. Pelaku UMKM selama ini menjadi penopang perekonomian Nasional dan terbukti memberikan kontribusi kurang "lebih 60% PDB Indonesia dan dianggap “Usaha Tahan Banting” saat perekonomian Indonesia Mengalami Turbulansi pada Tahun 2018, dan selama Pandemi Covid 19. Pemerintah dan Dirjen Pajak melalui Strategi dan Kebijakan Pemerintah berupaya mendukung Pelaku UMKM  salah satunya dengan Kebijakan Insentif Pajak UMKM sebagai wujud pelaksanaan kewajiban Pajak secara Self Assessment. Menurut Mardiasmo (2019) Self Assessment System merupakan system pemungutan pajak yang memberikan kewenangan kepada Wajib Pajak untuk menentukan sendiri pajak yang terutang dan dapat diartikan bahwa sistem tersebut menuntut Wajib Pajak untuk menghitung. Disamping itu Pemerintah dan DPR juga telah men-sahkan UU Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan (HPP). Dalam aturan ini, pemerintah memastikan memberikan sistem perpajakan yang berkeadilan, sehat, efektif, dan efisien untuk melindungi masyarakat menengah bawah maupun UMKM. Tujuan dari dilaksanakannya Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman secara komprehensif kepada para pelaku UMKM KOMPETeN di Kota Bekasi terkait adanya perubahan dalam pelaksanaan kewajiban perpajakan bagi para pelaku UMKM setelah diundangkannya UU HPP yang salah satu adalah terkait batasan omzet 500 juta yang tidak dikenakan pajak bagi para wajib pajak UMKM, untuk itu diperlukan pemahaman secara konsep dan teknis  pelaksanaan kewajiban pajak bagi pelaku UMKM baik itu Penghitungan, Penyetoran dan Pelaporan yang saat ini telah diwajibkan menggunakan aplikasi Ditjen Pajak berbasis teknologi. Metode PKM ini dilakukan dengan memberikan materi pengetahuan teoritis dan praktik sesuai dengan kondisi sebenarnya. Hasil dari kegiatan PKM ini diharapkan para pelaku UMKM  KOMPETeN mampu melaksanakan kewajiban Perpajakan sebagai Wajib Pajak Pelaku UMKM yaitu melaksanakan sewajiban pajak secara Self Assessment, dimana wajib pajak harus menghitung, menyetorkan sendiri pajak terutang ke kas negara, melakukan pengisian SPT PPh Tahunan OP dan melaporkannya dengan benar menggunakan Aplikasi Ditjen Pajak berbasis Teknologi (e-Tax System) agar terhindar dari sanksi perpajakan.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Entrepreneurship Siswa-Siswi Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Depok melalui Pelatihan Business Model Canvas, Digital Marketing, dan Business Plan Proposal
Authors: Billman Abdullah , Rumangkit Stefanus , Istar Mario
Published: October 2024

The purpose of community service activities that will be carried out is to foster an entrepreneurial spirit and increase knowledge about the business model canvas, design thinking, business plan proposal, digital marketing, and marketplace. Community Service Activities will be held at the SMK Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Depok. The target participants are students of SMK Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Depok. The problem faced by the school is the lack of training activities in schools related to entrepreneurship. The solutions offered to partners are providing training to partners on building an entrepreneurial spirit, training on digital marketing and marketplace. The method used in this PKM activity is the method of socialization / counseling, discussion, simulation, and application. The results of community service activities that have been carried out are that students of the SMK Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Depok have knowledge and are able to business model canvas, design thinking, business plan proposal, digital marketing, and marketplace.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Literasi Digital melalui Pelatihan Aplikasi Website untuk Menentukan Penerima Bantuan Sosial Dana Desa
Authors: Prasetyo Muhamad Awiet Wiedanto , Saputri Devi Yunita , Riziana Afilda Trisetya , Yunita Ika Romadoni , Setyaningsih Gustin , Suliswaningsih Suliswaningsih
Published: October 2024

This is reflected in the various development programs that have been shown and intended to provide great concern for efforts to tackle economic problems, because basically the development carried out aims to improve people's welfare. The main requirements for receiving social assistance are being registered by the heads of neighborhood associations and neighborhood associations, loss of livelihood amid the Covid-19 pandemic and not being registered as recipients of other social assistance from the central government which has been described previously. However, when in the field it did not meet the expectations of the community, because it was considered not on target. There needs to be a re-evaluation regarding the assistance program so that it is more targeted because it is not in accordance with the government's previous plans. The solutions offered to overcome the above problems are implementing a website application-based decision support system, Decision Support Systems are not intended to automate decision making, but provide interactive tools that enable decision makers to carry out various analyzes using available models. The method is by coordinating with the village government as a community service partner, the team conducts interviews, observations and documentation to determine problems and appropriate solutions. With training events using the website application as a determination of village fund assistance for the community running smoothly, the obstacle faced is that only the village head and village officials can use the application more optimally, considering that each has a computer and laptop device while the head of the neighborhood association and Not all heads of neighborhood associations have these devices, but they can still use smartphone devices to access them. Comparison of the results of channeling village fund assistance using website application assistance, there are 5 to 11 residents who are not entitled to receive social assistance.
Implementasi Alat Pendeteksi Dini Kebakaran di Kelurahan Bukit Duri Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Wahyudi Tri , Fiddin Sultan Faqih , Utama Donny Alif , Hidayatullah Syarif , Ismail Rival
Published: October 2024

There are many densely populated areas in Indonesian territory, especially in DKI Jakarta wards. In DKI Jakarta there are many sub-districts with a large population. It is recorded that there are 52,230 people living in 2.29 km2 of the village's land area. Therefore in a densely populated area and there are many buildings the rate of fire is high. Fire incidents cannot be predicted by anyone, so early fire detection devices are needed. the author wants to create a fire detection system using the Arduino Atmega328p microcontroller based on the internet of things (IoT) using a fire sensor, and an MQ-2 gas sensor to get 9 early symptoms of a fire and can be heard via an alarm in real-time. As well as being able to provide information to the owner of this tool and be able to find out if early signs of fire appear. So as to reduce the risk or minimize losses caused by fire accidents and can reduce the occurrence of fire accidents..
Strategi pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris pada murid Sekolah Dasar (SD)
Authors: Ajiza Masrurotul , Rahman Nanik Astuti
Published: October 2024

Di Indonesia, Bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa asing yang tidak digunakan dalam komunikasi sehari-hari. Hal ini tentu menjadi salah satu kendala bagi para siswa untuk dapat menghafal dan memahami bahasa Inggris itu sendiri dikarenakan kurangnya intensitas penggunaannya. Pemberian pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris untuk siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD) dinilai baik karena mereka masih berada pada usia yang sangat mudah dalam menerima dan menghafal informasi Bahasa. Dikarenakan peneliti telah melakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (abdimas) di Perum Kresna Asri ditahun sebelumnya, maka beberapa data mengenai permasalahan yang ada telah didapatkan, yakni antara lain: (1) Siswa yang mengikuti kegiatan abdimas sangatlah beragam, mulai dari tingkat kelas maupun ketersediaan pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di sekolah masing-masing (2) motivasi siswa dalam  mengikuti pelajaran (3) Secara umum, kemampuan Bahasa Inggris siswa SD yang berada di lingkungan Perum. Kresna Asri ini masih dikategorikan kurang. Oleh karena itu, peneliti akan melaksanakan kegiatan abdimas dengan judul “Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dengan 3 Metode Untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD).”  Adapun ketiga metode yang akan diberikan antara lain: Grammar Translation Method (GTM), Audio Lingual Method, dan Total Physical Response. Tujuan dari pemberian pembelajaran dengan memberikan keempat metode diatas adalah untuk mendapatkan metode pembelajaran terbaik diantaranya untuk kemudian bisa meningkatkan kemampuan Bahasa Inggris siswa secara khusus, dan metode terbaik bisa digunakan untuk pengajaran Bahasa Inggris untuk siswa SD secara umum. Dari kegiatan abdimas yang dilaksanakan menunjukkan bahwa metode Audio lingual dan TPR dinilai bisa meningkatkan minat/ motivasi siswa dalam belajar Bahasa Inggris.
Pendampingan Penyusunan Strategi Keberlanjutan Usaha Start-up Siklus Refill Indonesia Melalui Pengelolaan Green Products
Authors: Iskandar Yelita Anggiane , Kurniawan Adji Candra , Lusiani Mirna , Liperda Rahmad Inca , Rachmawati Nur Layli , Anggraeni Silvia Dian , Haridha Frieska , Prasetyo Wegik Dwi , Widharyanti Ika Dyah , Sakti Laksamana
Published: October 2024

The linear economic system that has been applied in the industrial world poses various risks, one of which can be seen in the increase in the consumption of industrial products. An alternative to the traditional linear economy concept is called a circular economy, which in principle aims to reduce consumption waste by optimizing existing resources. The biggest challenge in implementing a circular economy is the need to shift people's ingrained behavior through the linear economic system. The challenges of implementing a circular economy can be slowly addressed in various ways, one of which is by providing environmental awareness education to the public that raises the importance of switching to green products. The start-up company “Siklus Refill Indonesia” utilizes innovation and digital technology related to the marketing of daily necessities products to end consumers. The business model offered is intended to deal with the problem of plastic waste from the source by replacing the use of sachet packaging by distributing daily goods directly to consumers with a last-mile delivery system, so that consumers can use their containers, and contribute significantly to the preservation of the earth.
Edukasi Masyarakat Kampung Lengkong, Desa Wisata Wates Jaya, Kabupaten Bogor, tentang Keamanan Pangan
Authors: Muliani Lila , Suwarta Firdaus
Published: October 2024

Makanan seharusnya tak hanya bercita rasa lezat, tetapi yang tak kalah penting tentunya juga harus aman untuk dimakan. Kasus keracunan makanan pastinya sudah sering terdengar, namun seringkali masih disepelekan. Bagaimana sebuah makanan bisa memiliki risiko menyebabkan keracunan makanan? Edukasi ini diberikan kepada masyarakat Kampung Lengkong, Desa Wisata Wates Jaya, Kabupaten Bogor, pada tanggal Agustus 2020 lalu. Sebagai desa wisata, masyarakat tentunya harus paham betul prinsip keamanan pangan yang harus selalu diterapkan dalam mempersiapkan, mengolah, dan menyimpan makanan yang akan disajikan kepada para wisatawan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui presentasi, diskusi, dan praktik. Pada sesi diskusi diketahui bahwa masih banyak masyarakat yang kurang memahami tentang bahaya penggunaan bahan kimia, seperti pewarna dan pemanis, yang bukan khusus untuk makanan. Di sesi praktik, akhirnya dicoba membuat rengginang menggunakan pewarna khusus makanan yang aman dikonsumsi.
Pelatihan Website Knowledge Sharing System sebagai Media Berbagi Pengetahuan Kerajinan Tangan bagi Nasyiatul ‘Aisyiyah
Authors: Hidayah Debby Ummul , Syafi’ah Nailis , Setiawan Ikhsan
Published: October 2024

This community service activity has been successfully carried out which is located in Bustanul 'Aisyiyah, Rabak Village, Kalimanah District, Purbalingga Regency. This community service activity is in the form of training on the use of the knowledge sharing system (KSS) website and at the same time the practice of making handicrafts from wool yarn. The tools and materials used in making handicrafts include wool, paper, scissors, wire, and green tape. Meanwhile, training in using the KSS website requires a device such as a mobile and an internet connection. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase knowledge in the use of information technology, namely in the form of a knowledge sharing system website as a medium for sharing handicrafts. The method of implementation is by lecturing and practicing directly using the KSS website and making handicrafts. The outputs of this service activity are (1) Members of Nasyiatul 'Aisyiyah Desa Rabak have knowledge of the use of information technology to share knowledge and hone skills as pillars in the foundation of entrepreneurial TOT; (2) Members of Nasyiatul 'Aisyiyah Rabak can share knowledge about handicrafts through the KSS website.