bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of sitting grinder reduces musculoskeletal complaints disorders, workload, and increases work productivity of blacksmith in Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Arjani Ida Ayu Made Sri , Hana Sundari Cokorda Dewi Widhya , Mastra Nyoman , Mahayana I Made Bulda , Swastini I Gusti Agung Ayu Putu
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Blacksmithing is one of the small industries in Tabanan Regency. Their work is passed down from generation to generation as a responsibility of their ancestors. One of the processes in making household appliances is to use a grinder to smooth and sharpen knives. In this process, the worker holds the vibrating grinder, which weighs more than 1.5 kg, with one hand, and the other hand holds the knife to be smoothed. Working with hands exposed to vibration for a long period of time is a burden that will cause complaints and diseases for workers such as raynaud's syndrome, tenosynovitis, and carpal tunnel syndrome. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of ergonomic sitting grinders to reduce musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), workload, and increase work productivity of blacksmith  in Tabanan Regency.
Methods: This study is an experimental model. The population was blacksmith workers in Tabanan Regency. Samples were determined based on small industry groups by simple random sampling. The sample size was determined based on the score of musculoskeletal complaints so that the number of small industry groups was obtained as many as 3 groups. Each group consisted of 11 people so the sample size was 33 people. It was determined that the sample size in this study was 33 workers in 3 small industry groups.
Result: this study obtained decreased musculoskeletal complaints by 51.51% in the control group with treatment I, and by 51.75% in the control group with treatment II. There was a decrease in workload by 13.71% in the control group with treatment I and by 15.60% in the control group with treatment II. There was an increase in work productivity by 20.93% in the control group with treatment I and by 24.44% in the control group with treatment II.
Conclusion: There is a significant decrease in musculoskeletal complaints and workload between the Control group with treatment I and the control group with Treatment II (p<0.05), and there is a significant increase in work productivity in the control group with treatment I and in the control group with treatment II.
The effectiveness of using coconut husk powder as an adsorbent to enhance the wastewater quality of the cepuk textile industry in Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Sundari Cokorda Dewi Widhya Hana , Arjani Ida Ayu Made Sri , Krisna Luh Ade Wilan , Karta I Wayan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Tenun Cepuk (traditional woven) from Nusa Penida holds great potential as a traditional textile art form, cherished for its intricate patterns and cultural significance. However, the textile industry's wastewater, with its dye-related pollution, presents a significant environmental challenge that needs sustainable solutions. Coconut husk powder exhibits promising potential as an adsorbent for treating dye wastewater from the textile industry. Investigating the interplay between varying thicknesses and contact durations is crucial to maximizing coconut husk powder's adsorption capacity and efficiency for dye wastewater treatment.
Method: This study, following an Experimental research design with a Posttest Only Control Group Design, aims to assess the impact of an intervention on the experimental group compared to the control group. Coconut fibers, sourced from Nusa Penida agriculture, serve as the adsorbent. Coconut powder is added to these tanks at thicknesses of 5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm. Subsequently, wastewater samples from the Cepuk weaving process are introduced into each experimental tank, along with a control group. The process is left for 24 and 72 hours as varying contact times. The adsorption results are subjected to analysis for parameters, including total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) at the Panureksa Denpasar Laboratory.
Results: The use of coconut husk powder as an adsorbent effectively lowers TDS, TSS, BOD5, and COD in Cepuk textile dye wastewater. The reduction depends on adsorbent thickness and contact time. Thicker adsorbents notably reduce TDS, TSS, BOD5, and COD, enhancing wastewater quality and environmental safety. A 15 cm-thick adsorbent effectively reduces TDS to permissible levels. Prolonged contact times also significantly lower levels.
Conclusion: Coconut husk powder can be utilized to decrease TDS, TSS, BOD5, and COD levels in textile dye wastewater. Thickness and contact time significantly impact the enhancement of wastewater quality.
Therapeutic effectiveness on early and delayed treatment of antiretroviral in TB-HIV patients: a literature review
Authors: Rahardjo Dian Natasya , Santoso Stefannie Sherine , Andrajati Retnosari , Sartika Ratu Ayu Dewi , Wahjudi Mariana
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Indonesia is one of the countries with a high TB-HIV prevalence. Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is only being administered to approximately 42% of TB-HIV patients. The low utilization of ART can be attributed, in part, to the delayed initiation of treatment. Nonetheless, starting ART in these people at an early stage poses risks, owing to the increased likelihood of drug-drug interactions and the manifestation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) side effects when combined with anti-TB medication. Postponing ART, on the other hand, can hasten illness progression and increase the risk of death.
Methods: A literature review was conducted to assess the effects of early ART (within four weeks of getting anti-TB) against delayed ART initiation (at least eight weeks after receiving anti-TB) in individuals co-infected with TB and HIV. The data was obtained by a comprehensive electronic search using the PubMed and Science Direct databases.
Results: The findings of our study suggest that there was no statistically significant disparity in mortality rates between the early ART group and the delayed ART group. The initial ART cohort had a markedly elevated susceptibility to encountering an IRIS occurrence, particularly among individuals with a CD4 count below 50 cells per cubic millimeter.
Conclusion: In summary, the strategy of delaying the initiation of ART in patients co-infected with TB-HIV is seen as preferable when compared to the approach of early treatment. The frequency of IRIS events is a significant determinant in determining the optimal timing of ART initiation in individuals co-infected with TB-HIV.
An 8-year-old child with encephalitis rabies due to delayed case finding, proper post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies infection: a case report
Authors: Andri Adrianus
Published: May 2024

Background: Until April 2023, it has been documented about 31,113 cases of animal rabies-borne bites, of which 23,211 cases were given Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Anti Rabies Vaccine and 11 death cases in Indonesia, and 95% of them were caused by dog bite. This case report was conducted to describe a rare case of an 8-year-old child presenting with the late complication of encephalitis in Borong General Hospital due to the delayed case finding, management, and proper prophylaxis for Rabies infection.
Case Presentation: One day before admission, an 8-year-old girl with irritability, aggressive behavior, and severe speech abnormalities was reported to the emergency room. These symptoms quickly escalated to confusion and disturbed mental status. One month before to presentation, the patient's parents stated that his right arm had been bitten by a stray dog. Because there were no obvious bite marks and the family was not aware of the dog bite, PEP was not requested. In the previous five days, her parents described experiences of hydrophobia, photophobia, and aerophobia. The patient's health deteriorated two hours after admission, and palpating the carotid artery revealed that there was no pulse. Despite performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ROSC was not reached.
Conclusion: Animal rabies control and surveillance are essential, particularly in locations where the disease is endemic. PEP is extremely effective and ought to be given as soon as possible following exposure to reduce the high fatality rate.
The role of Neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) on neural plasticity in depression: a literature review
Authors: Shatri Hamzah , Pranandi Muhammad , Ardani Yanuar , Firmansyah Irman , Faisal Edward , Putranto Rudi
Published: May 2024

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a pervasive global health concern characterized by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, resulting in structural and functional alterations within the brain. This abstract explores the involvement of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in MDD, shedding light on its potential as a therapeutic target. Neuroanatomical evidence implicates brain regions like the amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and ventral striatum in MDD pathology, with aberrant synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis playing a crucial role.
Methods: We conducted a review using a systematic search of MEDLINE. The results of the studies that match the search criteria are then analyzed using a narrative synthesis to include in the literature review.
Results: There are four known brain regions and neurocircuits that are involved in depression, which are amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and ventral striatum. NT-3, a member of the neurotrophin family, has emerged as a critical modulator of depressive processes, whereas NT-3 influences monoamine neurotransmitters, serotonin, and noradrenaline while also regulating synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
Conclusion: NT-3 emerges as a promising therapeutic target for MDD, with multifaceted effects on neurotransmitters, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and the HPA axis. However, further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to comprehensively evaluate its potential in managing mood disorders.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a preoperative patient: a case report and literature review
Authors: Maharani Pande Tiara , Tedja I Gusti Ayu Wiradari , Wulandari Dewi Catur
Published: May 2024

Background: In patients undergoing elective surgery, it is known that as many as one-third have preoperative anemia. Preoperative anemia is associated with an almost five-fold increase in the likelihood of postoperative mortality. So, it is essential to know the cause of anemia so that the management is appropriate so that surgery can be performed safely and prevent patients from dying on the operating table or postoperatively. This case report aims to describe the pathogenesis of the laboratory findings in a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) who was accidentally diagnosed during preoperative screening and the management performed.
Case: A 65-year-old man with an enlarged prostate was scheduled for elective surgery. Preoperative examination revealed anemic right and left conjunctiva, decreased erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and increased MCV, MCH, and MCHC, peripheral blood smear dominated by red cell agglutination and positive direct Coomb's test. The patient was given methylprednisolone 62.5 mg intravenously before transfusion and given a transfusion of 2 units of slow drip packed red cells (PRC) under close supervision. There were no transfusion reactions during and after transfusion. There was an increase in Hb after transfusion so that the patient could be operated on.
Conclusion: The patient in this case was diagnosed with AIHA based on preoperative laboratory findings. Laboratory results showed evidence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with decreased erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrits, spherocytes, and agglutination on peripheral blood smear and positive Coomb's test. Rapid identification and treatment of anemia help improve preoperative conditions.
Tatalaksana seorang pasien dengan kecurigaan alergi makanan mengandung iodine dan memiliki riwayat reaksi hipersensitivitas zat kontras yang menjalani pemeriksaan dengan media kontras berbasis iodine: sebuah laporan kasus
Authors: Deviani Ida Ayu Putu Padmi , Suardamana I Ketut
Published: May 2024

Background: Radiocontrast agents are some of the most used medications in the emergency department. However, physicians and patients misunderstand the role of allergies in reactions to radiocontrast media, especially regarding shellfish and iodine. A history of prior reaction to contrast increases the risk of mild reactions to as high as 7-17% but has not been shown to increase the rate of severe reactions.
Case Illustration: A 43-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with planned coronary angiography. The patient with a history of suspected contrast hypersensitivity 2 months ago when the patient did cardiac CT angiography.  The patient also stated that she has an allergy to eggs, shrimp, shells, nuts, and mackerel tuna. The patient was given premedication with oral 50 mg prednisone at 13 hours and 7 hours before the procedure, and oral 50 mg prednisone plus 50 mg intramuscular diphenhydramine 1 hour before the procedure. Hypersensitivity reaction during admission did not occur.
Conclusion: The management and prophylaxis of contrast allergy include analyzing the history of contrast allergy before and premedication with steroids and antihistamines.
 
Latar Belakang: Agen radiokontras adalah salah satu obat yang paling banyak digunakan di unit gawat darurat. Namun, seringkali dokter dan pasien salah memahami peran alergi terhadap reaksi terhadap media radiokontras, terutama mengenai kerang dan yodium. Riwayat reaksi sebelumnya terhadap kontras meningkatkan risiko reaksi ringan hingga 7-17% namun belum terbukti meningkatkan reaksi berat.
Ilustrasi Kasus: Seorang pasien wanita berusia 43 tahun dirawat di rumah sakit dengan rencana angiografi koroner. Pasien dengan riwayat dugaan hipersensitivitas kontras 2 bulan yang lalu saat pasien dilakukan CT angiografi jantung. Pasien juga menyatakan bahwa dirinya memiliki alergi terhadap telur, udang, kerang, kacang-kacangan, dan ikan tongkol. Pasien diberikan premedikasi dengan prednison 50 mg oral pada 13 jam dan 7 jam sebelum prosedur, dan prednison 50 mg oral ditambah 50 mg difenhidramin intramuskular 1 jam sebelum prosedur. Reaksi hipersensitivitas saat di rumah sakit tidak terjadi.
Kesimpulan: Penatalaksanaan dan profilaksis alergi kontras meliputi analisis riwayat alergi kontras sebelumnya serta premedikasi dengan steroid dan antihistamin.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Mayer- Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Laksmi Antari Luh Putu , Suadiatmika Dewa Gde Mahiswara , Dewi Putu Utami
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a kind of Müllerian duct anomaly characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of the uterus and the top two-thirds of the vagina. MRKH syndrome is characterized by primary amenorrhea in young women who exhibit typical development of secondary sexual characteristics and normal external genitalia. These individuals have normal and functioning ovaries and a karyotype of 46, XX. Gonadal dysgenesis is the most prevalent cause of primary amenorrhea, followed by this condition. This case report aims to elaborate on MRI findings in females with typical and atypical types of MRKH syndrome.
Case Description: The authors describe two female patients who presented with primary amenorrhea, normal external genitalia, and typical secondary sexual characteristics. These patients underwent MRI to identify the uterine and vaginal structure and additional non-gynaecologic abnormalities.
Conclusion: MRI is the best imaging technique for the accurate evaluation of pelvic anatomy, uterine aplasia, uterine development, vaginal structure, and location of the ovaries, hence essential in the diagnosis, classification, and surgical planning of MRKH syndrome.
Perbandingan CT-Scan thoraks pasien dengan infeksi COVID-19 varian Delta dan Omicron: sebuah systematic review
Authors: Pratama I Gede Mahatma , Mahartama I Kadek Ariarta , Aryda Luh Nyoman Triwidayani , Darmayanti Sheila Gerhana
Published: May 2024

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been a number of waves of infections that have resulted in a number of variants of concern (VoC), with the majority of the identified variants being the Delta and Omicron variants. A chest CT scan plays an important role in the diagnosis, complications, and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. This systematic review aims to compare chest CT scan images between COVID-19 patients infected with the Delta and Omicron variants.
Methods: Study searches were conducted on three databases of electronic scientific journal publications, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Wiley Online Library. The study selection method used the PRISMA diagram with inclusion criteria are original study that examined a comparison of CT-scan images of the chest between COVID-19 patients with the Delta and Omicron variants. While the exclusion criteria set were studies in the form of commentaries, literature reviews, and meta-analyses, studies that were not available in Indonesian or English, and not available in full-text.
Results: The ten studies included in this systematic review consisted of 10 retrospective cohort studies that compared CT-scan images of the chests of COVID-19 patients with Delta and Omicron variants. Radiological features evaluated from the ten studies included ground glass opacity (GGO), consolidation, crazy paving pattern, vascular dilation, air bronchogram, bronchial wall thickening, bronchiectasis, presence of reticulation, subpleural lines, fibrosis, halo sign, reverse halo sign (Atoll sign), air bubble sign, and presence of pleural effusion. The majority of these radiological features were found to be higher in the Delta variant compared to the Omicron. Whereas for the classification of chest CT scan images based on RSNA, typical images were also found more in the Delta variant. The CT severity score, CO-RADS score, and COV-RADS score were also found to be higher in the Delta variant compared to Omicron.
Conclusion: In COVID-19 infection, the Delta variant showed a chest CT-scan showing typical COVID-19 pneumonia, whereas in the Omicron variant, more atypical features were found.
Identifikasi kontaminasi bakteri E. coli 0157 pada daging sapi di pasar tradisional kota Denpasar
Authors: Hartanto Williem Alexander , Hendrayana Made Agus , Budayanti Ni Nyoman Sri
Published: May 2024

Background: This research aims to identify potential E. coli contamination, especially E. coli O157, in beef in traditional markets in Denpasar City.
Method: This type of research is a qualitative cross-sectional observational study with twelve beef samples based on purposive random sampling from traditional markets in Denpasar City, which used TSB, EMBA, and SMAC growing media. The collected data is analyzed descriptively, presented as single distribution tables & bar graphs, and statistics based on percentages.
Results: The research showed that nine out of twelve (75%) beef samples from the traditional market in Denpasar City were contaminated with E. coli bacteria, and two out of twelve beef samples (16.7%) were contaminated with E. coli O157. Conclusion: This research shows the importance of strict supervision of food safety, especially beef in traditional markets, to minimize the risk of contamination by pathogenic bacteria E. coli so that the health of people who consume beef from traditional markets is guaranteed.
 
Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi kontaminasi E. coli, khususnya E. coli O157 pada daging sapi di pasar tradisional Kota Denpasar.
Metode: Jenis penelitian merupakan observasional cross sectional kualitatif dengan jumlah sampel daging sapi sebanyak dua belas yang dipilih berdasarkan purposive random sampling yang didapat dari pasar tradisional di Kota Denpasar, dengan menggunakan media penumbuh TSB, EMBA, SMAC. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif, disajikan dalam bentuk tabel single distribution & grafik batang, dan statistik berdasarkan persentase.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sembilan dari dua belas (75%) sampel daging sapi dari pasar tradisional Kota Denpasar terkontaminasi bakteri E. coli dan dua dari dua belas sampel daging sapi (16,7%) terkontaminasi E. coli O157.
Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukan pentingnya pengawasan yang ketat terhadap keamanan pangan, khususnya daging sapi di pasar tradisional, untuk meminimalkan resiko kontaminasi bakteri patogen E. coli sehingga kesehatan masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi daging sapi dari pasar tradisional terjamin.
Characteristics of stunting in children in the Kintamani III Community Health Center area, Bangli District
Authors: Wirottama I Wayan Ananda Adi , Hartawan I Nyoman Budi , Wati Dyah Kanya , Mahalini Dewi Sutriani
Published: May 2024

Background: Stunting is a chronic physical growth disorder in children characterized by a decrease in growth rate and is influenced by nutritional imbalances over a long period with a WHO MGRS z-score value of less than -2 SD. This condition has a fairly high incidence rate in Indonesia, especially in Bangli, Bali, which is caused by various factors. This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of stunting in children in the Kintamani III Community Health Center area, Bangli district.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study from February to December 2022. The parameters assessed in this study are family income, maternal education, additional food, birth weight, history of infection, exclusive breastfeeding, high genetic potential, environmental sanitation, mother age, gender, and birth spacing. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 25.0 for Windows.
Results: There were 70 children with stunting were involved in this research. The research subjects were mostly female (55.7%), the highest birth weight distribution was in the range of 2500-4000 grams (90%), there was no history of infection (88.6%), exclusive breastfeeding was given for 6 months or more ( 92.9%), birth interval more than or equal to 2 years (77.1%), additional food given 3 times a day (80%) which is higher in stunting population compare to severely stunting, average genetic potential height 159.36 + 8.03, mother's age 20-35 years (81.4%), maternal high school education (32.4%), family income above minimum wage (UMK) (87.1%).
Conclusion: This research shows that patients with severe stunting tend to have a lower frequency of additional food.
Fibula free flap for mandibular reconstruction following total en bloc resection in ameloblastoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Laksmi Putu Pradnyasanti , Tillasman Natassya Sandra , Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana Hamid  , Rooseno Ratna Rayeni Natasha , Santosa Agus , Saraswati Made Ratna , Devinta Made Ratih Santi
Published: May 2024

Background: The fibular free flap is considered the gold standard in mandibular bone reconstruction. It has a high survival rate, is well-vascularized, and fits seamlessly into long-bone defects. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of vascularized fibular free flap in mandibular reconstruction after total en bloc resection in case of ameloblastoma suspected of repeated trauma to the mandible.
Case Presentation: A case report of a 26-year-old  patient undergoing a mandibular reconstruction using fibula osteocutenous free flap following total en bloc resection due to ameloblastoma on mandibular symphisis region was monitored using Doppler ultrasound every 15 minutes for three to five days. Within four months of treatment, the patient had improved, and the graft was found to be viable.
Conclusion: The severity and size of the affected tissue, the tumour's histological arrangement, and the consequences were the influence of whether or not ameloblastoma patients should require surgery. To determine the best course of treatment for each individual case of ameloblastoma, an accurate clinical examination and image evaluation are required.
Assignment Methods in Online Learning with Cognitive Learning Outcomes Materials of the Golden Age of Islam
Authors: Suntiah Ratu , Maslani Maslani , Umami Resa
Published: May 2024

This study aims to find out students' responses to the assignment method relates to their cognitive learning outcomes in PAI subjects  heyday of Islam class XI  1SMA Plus Damar Bangsa. This study uses a quantitative approach and descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation, tests, questionnaires, and interviews. And in this research, the data analysis is descriptive analysis and correlation analysis. From the results of the study, it was obtained: 1) The reality of student responses to the assignment method in online learning was in the sufficient category, based on an average result of 3.49 which was at intervals of 2.5-3.5. 2) The reality of students' cognitive learning outcomes in PAI subjects is in the sufficient category, based on an average value of 68.96 which is in the 60-69 interval. 3) The reality of students' responses to the assignment method in online learning has a relationship with students' cognitive learning outcomes which are in the sufficient category because they are in the interval 0.40-0.70. The results of the hypothesis test prove that t count = 2.93 > t table 2.04, then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, the hypothesis proposed is accepted, namely that there is a relationship between the assignment method in online learning and their cognitive learning outcomes in PAI subjects heyday of Islam  in class XI 1 SMA Plus Damar Bangsa Kabupaten Sukabumi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanggapan siswa terhadap metode penugasan hubungannya dengan hasil belajar kognitif  PAI  materi Masa Kejayaan Islam kelas XI 1 SMA Plus Damar Bangsa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan  metode deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, tes, angket, dan wawancara. Dan dalam penelitian ini analisis datanya yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh: 1) Realitas tanggapan siswa terhadap metode penugasan dalam pembelajaran daring berkategori cukup, berdasarkan hasil rata-rata sebesar 3.49 yang berada pada interval 2.5-3.5. 2)  Realitas hasil belajar kognitif PAI materi Masa Kejayaan Islam berkategori cukup, berdasarkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 68.96 yang berada pada interval 60-69. 3) Realitas tanggapan siswa terhadap metode penugasan dalam pembelajaran daring hubungannya dengan hasil belajar kognitif PAI materi Masa Kejayaan Islam  termasuk kategori cukup karena berada pada interval 0.40-0.70. Hasil uji hipotesis membuktikan bahwa t hitung= 2.93 > t tabel 2.04 maka H0 Ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian, hipotesis yang diajukan diterima yaitu terdapat hubungan antara metode penugasan dalam pembelajaran daring dengan hasil belajar kognitif  PAI  materi Masa Kejayaan Islam di kelas XI 1 SMA Plus Damar Bangsa Kab. Sukabumi.
Preface: ILASS-Europe Conference 2023
Authors: Moita Ana , Achelis Lydia , Ragucci Raffaele
Published: May 2024

This special issue of our journal compiles extended versions of selected papers presented at the 32nd European Conference on Atomization and Spray Systems, which was held in Napoli (Italy), in the School of Engineering of the University "Federico II", from 4 to 7 of September 2023.
The Artist's Conk Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma applanatum (Agaricomycetes): Mycological, Mycochemical, and Pharmacological Properties: A Review
Authors: Cheng Mengtao , Zhang Liying , Wang Jing , Sun Xiaomei , Qi Yitong , Chen Lijing , Han Chunchao
Published: May 2024

As a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine, Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat., also known as flat-ling Ganoderma (Chinese name bianlingzhi), old mother fungus (laomujun), and old ox liver (laoniugan), has high medicinal value. It is used as an anti-cancer drug in China and Japan. Besides, it can treat rheumatic tuberculosis and has the effect of relieving pain, clearing away heat, eliminating accumulation, stopping bleeding and eliminating phlegm. The purpose of this review is to analyze the research progress systematically and comprehensively in mycology, mycochemistry and pharmacological activities of G. applanatum, and discuss the prospect of prospective research and implementation of this medicinal material. A comprehensive literature search was performed on G. applanatum using scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, Elsevier. Collected data from different sources was comprehensively summarized for mycology, mycochemistry and pharmacology of G. applanatum. A total of 324 compounds were recorded, the main components of which were triterpenoids, meroterpenoids, steroids, and polysaccharides. G. applanatum and its active ingredients have a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor, liver protection, hypoglycemic, anti-fat, anti-oxidation, antibacterial and other activities. Although G. applanatum is widely used in traditional medicine and has diverse chemical constituents, more studies should be carried out in animals and humans to evaluate the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in its biological activity.
In Vitro Assessment of 4-Acetyl-Antroquinonol B and Erinacine A in Suppressing Breast Cancer-Induced Osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Huang Yi-Ming , Fu You-Sheng , Chen Woan-Ling , Lu Hsi-Chi
Published: May 2024

Bone metastasis in metastatic breast cancer commonly results in osteolytic lesions due to osteoclast activity, promoting bone destruction and tumor progression. The bioactive fungal isolates, 4-acetyl-antroquinonol B (4-AAQB) and erinacine A, have diverse pharmacological and biological activities. However, their effects on breast cancer bone metastasis treatment remain unclear. Our study aimed to examine the impact of 4-AAQB or erinacine A on breast cancer metastases in bone. The effects of 4-AAQB and erinacine A on breast cancer-induced osteoclastogenesis, breast cancer migration, production of prometastatic cytokine (TGF-β) and marker (MMP-9), as well as potential MAPK signaling transductions were assessed. The results revealed that 4-AAQB and erinacine A effectively suppressed breast cancer-induced osteoclastogenesis and migration, and reduced TGF-β and MMP-9 production via Erk or JNK signaling transductions, specifically in breast cancer cells or in breast cancer cells-induced osteoclasts. Based on these findings, either 4-AAQB or erinacine A showed promise in preventing breast cancer metastases in bone.
Estimating the importance of monetary policy shocks for variation in the U.S. homeownership rate
Authors: Dias Daniel A. , Duarte João B.
Published: May 2024

Being a homeowner is one of the tenets of the American dream. In general, relative to renting, people see homeownership as a path to wealth through the usual appreciation of the house prices and the forced savings through mortgage payments but also a path to financial stability through more stable and predictable housing costs (Young et al., 2023).
Current Problems of the Legislation Development on the Protection of Lake Baikal
Authors: Ditsevich Yaroslava
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the current state of activities to improve the legislation in the field of protection of the World Heritage Site of Lake Baikal. The main content of the most resonant draft law currently under consideration in the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on amendments to the law “On Protection of Lake Baikal” is highlighted as well as the current situation in the environmental sphere in the Baikal natural territory. The conclusion is formulated about the priority necessity to organize proper execution of the current legislation by the authorities in order to solve the existing environmental and socioeconomic problems. The information about the All-Russian scientific and representative events devoted to the discussion of the draft law, held with the participation of leading scientists from different regions of Russia, which resulted in the final documents with the conclusion that the draft law should not be adopted in the version proposed by the developers, is covered.
Taking into account the results of the generalization of experts’ opinions, the grounds for inadmissibility of the adoption of the draft law No. 387575-8 in the current version are analyzed, including: creation by the provisions of the draft law of a risk of weakening the legal regime of protection of the ecological system of Lake Baikal; lack of scientific assessment of the consequences of the changes proposed by the draft law; absence of preliminary analysis of existing alternatives to the measures proposed by the draft law; contradiction of some norms of the draft law to the requirements of the current legislation, etc. Attention is drawn to the fact that the adoption of the draft law, which creates a threat of risks of negative changes in the Baikal ecosystem, was initiated in the absence of the necessary strategic planning documents. Based on the results of the analysis, the conclusion is formulated that it is advisable to conduct an anti-corruption and criminological examination of the draft law text edited based on the results of public discussions, that the measures contained in the considered draft law should be subject to a comprehensive scientific evaluation, and in some aspects are redundant.
Professional Development of Personnel Is the Basis for Improving the Competitiveness of Service Sector Organizations
Authors: Bylkov Vladimir , Kuzmina Anastasia
Published: May 2024

For organizations that operate in the market of goods and services, the main goal is to steadily increase competitiveness. Achievement of the set goals and objectives is possible on the basis of professional development of personnel. This is due to the crucial role of the human factor in improving production efficiency. The article presents the results of a study indicating the possibilities of increasing competitiveness in the process of transition to innovative personnel development. The characteristic of the existing personnel development system is given. The interrelation of personnel training and development, as well as the competitiveness of service sector organizations is proved. The conditions of readiness for the development of specialists are determined depending on the degree of competitiveness of the organization. It is established that the increase in the scale and novelty of personnel training programs increase the competitive position of the institution in the market. The directions of training are predetermined as conditions for the growth of competitiveness. The parameters of competitiveness that change in the process of personnel development are revealed. It is confirmed that for an objective assessment of the innovativeness of personnel development, it is necessary to take into account the possibilities of using modern methods. The presented conclusions can be used by specialists in personnel management of enterprises and organizations in the service sector.
Possible Scenarios for the Development of the Activities of the Irkutsk Region Timber Industry Complex
Authors: Latypova Victoria
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study is to compile a medium-term forecast of the performance indicators of the Irkutsk region timber industry complex, taking into account the proposed recommendations for improving the management mechanism of the timber industry complex of Eastern Siberia. The main objectives of the study are: to check whether there is a relationship between two economic indicators: the volume of goods shipped and investments in the fixed capital of the enterprises of the Irkutsk region timber industry complex. The research method is econometric methods: correlation and regression analysis. According to the results of the correlation analysis, a strong relationship was established between two indicators: the volume of goods shipped and investments in fixed assets. The author has compiled a medium-term forecast of these indicators, according to it, under a negative scenario, the volume of shipped goods of woodworking and logging enterprises will increase to 251,9 billion rubles, inertial — to 269,91 billion rubles, target — 286,99 billion rubles. Thus, the construction of a linear regression model made it possible to calculate the effectiveness of the introduction of industrial symbiosis within the industry, which ultimately will allow it to switch to a new technological structure in the shortest possible time.
The Proprietary Consequences of Customary Marriages: Challenges in the New Regime(s)?
Authors: Osman Fatima
Published: May 2024

The law governing marriage in South Africa is in transition. There are currently two proposals to reform the proprietary consequences of marriages in South Africa, namely a Marriage Bill [B43-2023], and a South African Law Reform Commission Discussion Paper to review aspects of matrimonial property law. This article assesses the effectiveness of the proposed reform in addressing the current regulatory challenges related to the proprietary consequences of customary marriages. It argues that the piecemeal jurisprudential development of the law has not been effectively reconciled, and this must be addressed in any future reform. However, the Marriage Bill proposed by the Department of Home Affairs is not an answer. The Bill ignores customary notions of property and creates several conceptual difficulties such as potentially leaving customary law marriages without a matrimonial proprietary regime. The South African Law Reform's Discussion Paper, which reviews aspects of matrimonial property law, holds great promise because it proposes a change in the default matrimonial proprietary system and the exclusion of family property from the marital estate. The proposals must be reconciled and informed by living customary law practices to deliver the much-anticipated law reform.
Sternotomic resection of an anterior mediastinal cystic teratoma with pericardial fistula
Authors: Lomangino I , Gelera PP , Maffeis G , Addamo E , Rosati F , Alfonso S , Benvenuti MR
Published: May 2024

Background: Mediastinal teratomas are rare tumors and the majority of them are mature teratomas, benign lesions characterized by slow growth and low malignant potential. Signs and symptoms are infrequent; hence the diagnosis is often incidental. Complicated cases are rare and are traditionally treated with elective surgery. Our case report presents a patient with a teratoma complicated by pericardial fistulization requiring emergency surgery: the only case described in the literature. Case presentation: A 36-year-old male with no relevant medical history reported acute thoracic pain. Chest CT scan shows a mediastinal mass (compatible with cystic teratoma) compressing the superior vena cava, the heart, and pericardial involvement. The patient was first subjected to pericardiocentesis and then an en-bloc resection of the mediastinal lesion was performed via sternotomy. Discussion and conclusion: Mediastinal lesions require an accurate differential diagnosis, despite the diagnosis often being incidental in the absence of clinical symptoms. Conversely, if symptomatic, complicated cases can lead to life-threatening situations, where the exeresis of such lesions might require urgent, complex, and multidisciplinary surgical intervention.
WATER PRODUCTION FOR AWARE (Parasite) v1
Authors: Manaia Celia
Published: May 2024

The protocol summarises the procedures used for analytical control. The protocol describes the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the optimization of advanced tertiary treatment of water, based on a comprehensive quality and risk assessment.
Processing of pediatric adenoid and tonsil samples for single cell analysis v1
Authors: Gubbels Liam , Shanthikumar Shivanthan , R Neeland Melanie
Published: May 2024

This protocol describes the collection, processing, and cryopreservation of pediatric adenoid and tonsil samples for downstream single-cell analysis.
Processing of pediatric bronchoalveolar lavage samples for single cell analysis v 3 v1
Authors: Shanthikumar Shivanthan , Gubbels Liam , R Neeland Melanie
Published: May 2024

This protocol describes the collection, processing, cryopreservation and thawing of pediatric bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples for downstream single cell analysis (including flow cytometry, cell sorting, and single cell transcriptomics).
Imaging single SYTOX Orange molecules on a PLL-coated cover glass v1
Authors: Bruggeman Ezra
Published: May 2024

This is a protocol for the preparation of a microscopy sample of single SYTOX Orange molecules on a PLL-coated cover glass. This protocol was used to generate the data shown in Figure 1a, 1b and 1c of the following publication: Bruggeman et al., POLCAM: Instant molecular orientation microscopy for the life sciences. bioRxiv 2023.02.07.527479 (Feb 2023), doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.07.527479
Needs Analysis of English Skills for Logistics Business Among Thai University Students
Authors: Suraprajit Prathomwat , Chanted Pimpisa , Pomat Nipapat
Published: May 2024

Logistics plays a vital role in driving the global economy forward. Within this profession, English serves as the primary means of communication. However, not all logistics personnel, especially those for whom English is a second language, find it easy to use. The aim of this research is to conduct a needs analysis for English skills in the logistics industry. A questionnaire was distributed to 156 Thai logistics management students and employed Google Forms together with Microsoft Excel for quantitative analysis. The findings revealed the following: 1) The four core skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) and vocabulary were reported extremely important, while grammar was rated as important. 2) The most frequently utilized English skill was reading, the skill most desired to improve was speaking, the skill that lacked the most was grammar, and the skill requiring the greatest development in their future were reading, listening, speaking, and writing, respectively. The implications of this study are significant for the development of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses.
Translatability of Arabic Cultural References to English: A Case Study of The Queue Novel
Authors: Alharahsheh Abdelrauof Meqbel AH , Moindjie Mohamed Abdou , Lin Debbita Tan Ai
Published: May 2024

Cultural references are phrases and words embedded within a source text that refer to entities, persons, or even ideas that are not present in the target language and culture or are significantly different in terms of sociocultural equivalents. Translating cultural references into a language where translated texts are interpreted through the prism of cultural norms presents a substantial challenge. The objective of this study is to investigate the translatability of cultural references in Arabic literary texts; it describes the presence of textual and matricial operational norms portrayed in the translator’s translation procedures and shifts. The analysis focuses on one Arabic novel, Basma Abdel Aziz’s The Queue, and follows Toury’s (2012) theory on translation norms. After a comprehensive examination of "The Queue," data were methodically underscored, classified, and analysed. The findings emphasize the translator's key role in addressing cultural disparities between Arabic and English societies through selected translation methods, ensuring adherence to the target language's norms despite significant linguistic and cultural gaps. According to this study, the acceptability of the target text is enhanced not only because of cultural requirements but also because of language norms, which prevail over translation choices that can be applied by the translator.
English-Medium Master's Degree Programs at a Saudi University: Attitudes, Experiences, and Obstacles
Authors: Dabeel Majed Abu
Published: May 2024

English-medium instruction has become a prevalent strategy for increasing the internationalization opportunities of Saudi universities and the international employability of their graduates. The findings of an interview (12 professors and 30 students) and an observation of three established Science, Social Science, and Engineering master's degree programs at a major Saudi university in Riyadh are presented in this article. In order to facilitate the implementation of English-taught master's degree programs, the purpose of this study was to identify the perspectives, experiences, and obstacles of higher education stakeholders regarding English-medium instruction. Findings showed that English-medium instruction is generally preferred by both professors and students. Although the need for support measures was not as high as expected, certain challenges remain, which can be addressed through focused initiatives. Notable issues include stakeholder unhappiness, a high workload for students, varying degrees of prior knowledge among students. The research highlights how crucial it is to include English for Specific Purposes (ESP) instruction in the curriculum and recommends adding more tools and resources to support teacher development. These measures could involve voluntary participation and incentive programs.
Pragma-Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Environmental Slogans
Authors: Fadhil Wasan N.
Published: May 2024

One of the most effective ways to create awareness among people to care for the environment and keep it serene is framing slogans in images. This paper is a pragma-multimodal analysis of environmental slogans with images created on different social media platforms. It aims to discover the illocutionary act of each text and explore how each text cooperates with its image to create a comprehensive meaning. The dataset selected for this paper includes ten slogans with images. This paper was conducted qualitatively using a descriptive-analytical approach. Findings reveal that these slogans convey various illocutionary acts such as requesting, inviting, or asserting. Also, there is an inter-connectedness between the text and its image, which helps construct a successful meaning.
Exploring the Effect of Arabizi on English Writing by Arab English Learners
Authors: Jubran Sereen Mousa
Published: May 2024

The study explores the impact of the Arabizi phenomenon on English writing by Arab English Learners. Due to the popularity of social networks, Arab students combine Roman numbers and letters to produce a new writing code with unconventional rules. The study is significant because most researchers studied the impact of Arabizi on the Arabic language. In contrast, this study focused on the effect of Arabizi on English writing by Arab learners. The study sample consisted of twenty sophomore female students majoring in the English language at one of the Jordanian governmental universities. The main research questions are how Arabizi affects English writing and the justification behind the continuity of this new writing code. The researcher analysed samples of the intervention of Arabizi on writing in English to answer the first question. To answer the second question, the researcher interviewed the sample members to investigate the reasons for the continuity of this new writing code. The study results concluded that not all English foreign language learners use Arabizi, while others use it regularly for several reasons, although it affects their English writing. By the end of the study, the researcher presents recommendations for linguists and English language teachers.