bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the nature and origin of garnet in highly-refractory Archean
lithospheric mantle: constraints from garnet exsolved in Kaapvaal craton
orthopyroxenes
Authors: Gibson Sally A.
Published: July 2017

The widespread occurrence of pyrope garnet in Archean lithospheric mantle
remains one of the 'holy grails' of mantle petrology. Most garnets found in
peridotitic mantle equilibrated with incompatible-trace-element enriched
melts or fluids and are the products of metasomatism. Less common are
macroscopic intergrowths of pyrope garnet formed by exsolution from
orthopyroxene. Spectacular examples of these are preserved in both mantle
xenoliths and large, isolated crystals (megacrysts) from the Kaapvaal craton
of southern Africa, and provide direct evidence that some garnet inthe
sub-continental lithospheric mantle formed initially by isochemical rather
than metasomatic processes. The orthopyroxene hosts are enstatites and fully
equilibrated with their exsolved phases (low-Cr pyrope garnet ±
Cr-diopside). Significantly, P-T estimates of the
postexsolution orthopyroxenes plot along an unperturbed conductive Kaapvaal
craton geotherm and reveal that they were entrained from a large continuous
depth interval (85 to 175 km). They therefore represent snapshots of
processes operating throughout almost the entire thickness of the
sub-cratonic lithosphericmantle.

New rare-earth element (REE) analyses show that the
exsolved garnets occupy the full spectrum recorded by garnets in mantle
peridotites and also diamond inclusions. A key finding is that a few
low-temperature exsolved garnets, derived from depths of ∼90 km, are more
depleted in light rare-earth elements (LREEs) than
previously observed in any other mantle sample. Importantly, the
REE patterns of these strongly
LREE-depleted garnets resemble the hypothetical composition
proposed for pre-metasomatic garnets that are thought to pre-date major
enrichment events in the sub-continental lithospheric mantle, including
those associated with diamond formation. The recalculated compositions of
pre-exsolution orthopyroxenes have higher Al2O3 and
CaO contents than their post-exsolution counterparts and most probably
formed as shallow residues of large amounts of adiabatic decompression
melting in the spinel-stability field. It is inferred that exsolution of
garnet from Kaapvaal orthopyroxenes may have been widespread, and perhaps
accompanied cratonization at ∼2.9 to 2.75 Ga. Such a process would
considerably increase the density and stability of the continental
lithosphere.
Tranexamic Acid Does Not Influence Cardioprotection by Ischemic Preconditioning and Remote Ischemic Preconditioning
Authors: van Caster Patrick , Eiling Sandra , Boekholt Yvonne , Behmenburg Friederike , Dorsch Marianne , Heinen André , Hollmann Markus W. , Huhn Ragnar
Published: July 2017

Prior studies have suggested that the antifibrinolytic drug aprotinin increases the infarct size after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and attenuates the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Aprotinin was replaced by tranexamic acid (TXA) in clinical practice. Here, we investigated whether TXA influences I/R injury and/or cardioprotection initiated by IPC and/or remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC). Anesthetized male Wistar rats were randomized to 6 groups. Control animals were not further treated. Administration of TXA was combined with and without IPC and RIPC. Estimated treatment effect was 20%. Compared to control group (56% ± 11%), IPC reduced infarct size by 46% (30% ± 6%; mean difference, 26%; 95% confidence interval, 19–33; P < .0001), and RIPC reduced infarct size by 29% (40% ± 8%; mean difference, 16%; 95% confidence interval, 9–24; P < .011). Additional application of TXA had no effect on I/R injury and cardioprotection by IPC or RIPC. TXA does not abolish infarct size reduction by IPC or RIPC.
Blockchain protocols in clinical trials: Transparency and traceability of consent
Authors: Benchoufi Mehdi , Porcher Raphael , Ravaud Philippe
Published: July 2017

Clinical trial consent for protocols and their revisions should be transparent for patients and traceable for stakeholders. Our goal is to implement a process allowing the collection of patients’ informed consent, which is bound to protocol revisions, storing and tracking the consent in a secure, unfalsifiable and publicly verifiable way, and enabling the sharing of this information in real time. For that, we will built a consent workflow using a rising technology called Blockchain. This is a distributed technology that brings a built-in layer of transparency and traceability. From a more general and prospective point of view, we believe Blockchain technology brings a paradigmatical shift to the entire clinical research field. We designed a Proof-of-Concept protocol consisting of time-stamping each step of the patient’s consent collection using Blockchain; thus archiving and historicising the consent through cryptographic validation in a securely unfalsifiable and transparent way. For each revision of the protocol, consent was sought again. We obtained a single document, in a standard open format, that accounted for the whole consent collection process: timestamped consent status with regards to each version of the protocol. This document cannot be corrupted, and can be checked on any dedicated public website. It should be considered as a robust proof of data. However, in a live clinical trial, the authentication system should be strengthened in order to remove the need for third parties, here the trial stakeholders, and give participative control to the peer-to-peer users. In the future, we think that the complex data flow of a clinical trial can be tracked using Blockchain, that a blockchain core functionality, named Smart Contract, could help prevent clinical trial events not to happen in the right chronological order: for example including patients before they consented or analysing case report forms data before freezing the database. Globally, we think Blockchain will help with reliability, security, and transparency, and could be a consistent step towards reproducibility.
Indexes in demographic statistics: a methodology using nonstandard information for solving critical problems
Authors: Tiit Ene-Margit , Vähi Mare
Published: July 2017

A new methodology for solving different problems in population statistics (estimating under- and overcoverage of census, determining the population size and residency of persons, finding the partners and placing persons into living rooms) is presented. In all cases, so-called signs of life, demonstrating the activity of persons in different registers are taken as arguments or explanatory variables for models. The weights of models are calculated using training data, when the models are in use sequentially; then every year the weights are recalculated using the data of the previous year.
Significant change in muscular strength based on the head and neck position
Authors: Vetra Janis , Sklarevich Vladimir , Anoufriev Gregory , Kalninš Imants , Umbraško Silvija , Vetra Jr Janis , Kotovs Vladislavs , Beilina Larisa
Published: July 2017

We present our study of the influence of the head 30 degrees flexion position on the changes in the muscle strength of the upper extremities. This position is typical for a person working in front of a computer.The study involved 100 healthy volunteers and was performed at the Department of Morphology in Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia. For measurements we have used the MicroFET2 Hand Held Digital Muscle Tester to determine the strength of the muscles of the hand and the arm (M. deltoideus, M. biceps brachii, M. triceps brachii, M. abductor pollicis longus). The results of measurements were then used to analyze the difference in the strength of the muscles innervated by the spinal cord cervical region (C5–C8 nerves) for the same person sitting in the vertical position and sitting with the head flexed at 30°.The results of our study support the hypothesis that the changes in the strength of the measured muscles are related to the mechanical distension of the spinal cord, which leads to changes in spinal cord’s blood supply. The kyphosis position of the cervical spine during head flexion at 30°extent shows that in the spinal cord segments C5, C6 and C7 are form mechanical distension, but the changes in segment C8 were not detectable.Using our statistical study, we can conclude that there is strong relationship in the strength change in most of the observed muscles between the vertical position and the flexion of head at 30 degrees.
Trumpeters from China in Bristol in 1577?
Authors: Pangallo Matteo
Published: July 2017

This note corrects the impression given in the Bristol Records of Early English Drama (REED) that five trumpeters from China performed for the mayor, aldermen, and common council of Bristol in November 1577. Rather, the note points out that the trumpeters were likely English and were associated with the return of Martin Frobisher’s second northwest passage expedition that fall.
David Crystal. The Oxford Dictionary of Original Shakespearean Pronunciation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp 704.
Authors: Grandage Sarah
Published: July 2017

This review considers The Oxford Dictionary of Original Shakespearean Pronunciation.
Nicole R. Rice and Margaret Aziza Pappano. The Civic Cycles: Artisan Drama and Identity. Notre Dame, IN: Notre Dame University Press, 2015. Pp 360.
Authors: Johnston Alexandra F.
Published: July 2017

This review considers The Civic Cycles: Artisan Drama and Identity.
Elizabeth Zeman Kolkovich. The Elizabethan Country House Entertainment: Print, Performance, and Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Pp 256.
Authors: Wall Wendy
Published: July 2017

This review considers The Elizabethan Country House Entertainment: Print, Performance, and Gender.
Assimilating timelines
Authors: Davis John
Published: July 2017

Once your pupils have mastered the art of learning to read, you can help them to acquire the skills of reading to understand different visual representations.
UTCs facing key recruitment and accountability problems
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: July 2017

Report warns that UTCs are struggling due to inappropriate accountability measures and difficulty recruiting pupils at age 14
Does Diversification Drive Down Risk-adjusted Returns? A Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Shim Jeungbo
Published: July 2017

This study examines diversification-performance relationship in the U.S. property-liability insurance industry over the period of 1996–2010. Unlike prior studies that rely on the conditional mean estimation method, we employ quantile regression, which captures the heterogeneous effects of diversification on conditional return distribution. The results show that diversification does not necessarily drive down risk-adjusted returns and its effects vary along return distribution. We find that there is a diversification discount for firms in the lower levels of return distribution, whereas a diversification premium exists for firms in the upper levels of return distribution. We provide evidence that the relations between risk-adjusted returns and other explanatory variables are not constant, but vary over the quantiles of return distribution. Our results are robust to alternative measures of an insurer’s performance and product diversification.
Excitation probability and effective temperature in the stationary regime of conductivity for Coulomb Glasses
Authors: Caravaca Garratón Manuel , Fernández-Martínez Manuel
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we shall illustrate the numerical calculation of the effective temperature in Coulomb glasses by excitation probability provided that the system has been placed in a stationary state after applying a strong electric field. The excitation probability becomes a better alternative than the occupation probability, which has been classically employed to calculate the effective temperature and characterize the thermodynamics of Coulomb glasses out of equilibrium. This is due to the fact that the excitation probability shows better statistics than the occupation probability. In addition, our simulations show that the excitation probability does not depend on the choice of the chemical potential, which critically affects the occupation probability. Our results allow us to propose the excitation probability as a standard procedure to determine the effective temperature in Coulomb glasses as well as in other complex systems such as spin glasses.
Intermolecular Interaction for Binary Mixtures of Propylene Carbonate with Acetonitrile, Dimethyl Carbonate, Diethyl Carbonate at Different Temperatures: Density and Viscosity
Authors: Song Wei , Zhang Hai , Yang Zhenyu , Wang Juan , Yue Zishuang , Yu Ji
Published: July 2017

In this work, the experimental densities and viscosities have been determined for (propylene carbonate+acetonitrile, or dimethyl carbonate, or diethyl carbonate) binary mixtures over the whole concentration range at temperatures (293.15–333.15 K) and the atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes (VE
), viscosity deviations (Δη), thermal expansion coefficients (α) and excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow (ΔGE
*) were calculated. These excess functions and deviations were fit with the Redlich–Kister type polynomial equation. The sign and magnitude of these excess properties have been used to interpret the results in terms of intermolecular interactions and structural effects. The results obtained for viscosity of binary mixtures were also used to test the semi-empirical relations of Grunberg-Nissan and Katti-Chaudhri equations.
The Egyptian Item
Authors: Hinson Benjamin
Published: July 2017

The author presents a proposed translation of the uncertain architectural term
c
d, found within the Chester Beatty love poems. It is argued to correlate with the archaeologically well-attested mechanism called a Stoßschlüssel, used for both barring and unlocking a door and thus acting as a combined lock and key.
A Newly Identified Relief from the Tomb-Chapel of Mose at Saqqara
Authors: Orsenigo Christian
Published: July 2017

A photograph has recently been found among the records left by Victor Loret following his discovery in 1898 of the tomb-chapel of Mose at Saqqara, of a relief lying still in situ, that does not appear in the publication of the tomb by Gaballa. The relief, very probably part of a limestone wall, is decorated with an offering scene showing a man, accompanied by a little procession, censing and libating before the Apis-bull in a shrine. The paper retraces the path of the relief from the art gallery of Maurice Nahman to the current location of its remaining left hand portion at the Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum, San Jose.
MG132‐induced progerin clearance is mediated by autophagy activation and splicing regulation
Authors: Harhouri Karim , Navarro Claire , Depetris Danielle , Mattei Marie‐Geneviève , Nissan Xavier , Cau Pierre , De Sandre‐Giovannoli Annachiara , Lévy Nicolas
Published: July 2017

Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a lethal premature and accelerated aging disease caused by a de novo point mutation in LMNA encoding A‐type lamins. Progerin, a truncated and toxic prelamin A issued from aberrant splicing, accumulates in HGPS cells' nuclei and is a hallmark of the disease. Small amounts of progerin are also produced during normal aging. We show that progerin is sequestered into abnormally shaped promyelocytic nuclear bodies, identified as novel biomarkers in late passage HGPS cell lines. We found that the proteasome inhibitor MG132 induces progerin degradation through macroautophagy and strongly reduces progerin production through downregulation of SRSF‐1 and SRSF‐5 accumulation, controlling prelamin A mRNA aberrant splicing. MG132 treatment improves cellular HGPS phenotypes. MG132 injection in skeletal muscle of LmnaG609G/G609G mice locally reduces SRSF‐1 expression and progerin levels. Altogether, we demonstrate progerin reduction based on MG132 dual action and shed light on a promising class of molecules toward a potential therapy for children with HGPS.
Mise en marché et certification de l’anguille argentée et de l’esturgeon noir de l’estuaire du St-Laurent: des « vendredis maigres » aux produits fins
Authors: Doyon Sabrina
Published: July 2017

Les contours et les apports des programmes de certification ont été largement étudié dans le secteur agricole, mais demeurent à être étudiés plus en profondeur dans le secteur des pêcheries. Plus particulièrement, l’indication géographique protégée (IGP) est une certification encore peu appliquée aux produits de la pêche. Le présent article documente les efforts d’établissement de ce type de mise en marché émergent et alternatif avec une IGP pour l’anguille argentée et l’esturgeon noir de l’estuaire du St-Laurent. Plus particulièrement, cet article cherche à comprendre le processus qui conduit à entamer des démarches de certification et interroge les avantages d’une IGP et les enjeux auxquels font face ses promoteurs. L’IGP évite-t-elle les écueils propres aux autres types de certification halieutique? L’IGP permet-elle de développer une alternative à la commercialisation conventionnelle et ses problématiques? Peut-elle contribuer à la structuration d’un réseau alimentaire alternatif? Se basant sur une approche d’écologie politique, cet article veut nourrir les réflexions que suscitent ces outils de certification à la lumière d’un nouveau cas et propose que l’examen historique, social, politique et économique des pêches, de leur gestion, de leurs efforts de conservation et de leur commercialisation est nécessaire à la compréhension des enjeux propres aux démarches de certification et de mise en marché alternative et à leur mise en œuvre.
Speaking in Cod Tongues: A Canadian Culinary Journey by Lenore Newman
Authors: Desjardins Ellen
Published: July 2017

Book review.
Relative clauses as a benchmark for Minimalist parsing
Authors: Graf Thomas , Monette James , Zhang Chong
Published: July 2017

Minimalist grammars have been used recently in a series of papers to explain well-known contrasts in human sentence processing in terms of subtle structural differences. These proposals combine a top-down parser with complexity metrics that relate parsing difficulty to memory usage. So far, though, there has been no large-scale exploration of the space of viable metrics. Building on this earlier work, we compare the ability of 1600 metrics to derive several processing effects observed with relative clauses, many of which have been proven difficult to unify. We show that among those 1600 candidates, a few metrics (and only a few) can provide a unified account of all these contrasts. This is a welcome result for two reasons: First, it provides a novel account of extensively studied psycholinguistic data. Second, it significantly limits the number of viable metrics that may be applied to other phenomena, thus reducing theoretical indeterminacy.
Rewrite rule grammars with multitape automata
Authors: Hulden Mans
Published: July 2017

The majority of computational implementations of phonological and morphophonological alternations rely on composing together individual finite state transducers that represent sound changes.  Standard composition algorithms do not maintain the intermediate representations between the ultimate input and output forms.  These intermediate strings, however, can be very helpful for various tasks: enriching information (indispensable for models of historical linguistics), providing new avenues to debugging complex grammars, and offering explicit alignment information between morphemes, sound segments, and tags.  This paper describes a multi-tape automaton approach to creating full models of sequences of sound alternation that implement phonological and morphological grammars. A model and a practical implementation of multitape automata is provided together with a multitape composition algorithm tailored to the representation used in this paper.  Practical use cases of the approach are illustrated through two common examples; a phonological example of a complex rewrite rule grammar where multiple rules interact and a diachronic example of modeling sound change over time.
Baudelaire: traductor-auctoritas
Authors: Zapata Juan
Published: July 2017

Para acceder a una visibilidad mediática, a una postura reconocible por el público y por sus pares, el traductor se ve obligado a capitalizar espacios de enunciación como los que conceden los prefacios, la crítica o las noticias biográficas. Es gracias a estos espacios, en los que el traductor pone en marcha estrategias discursivas e institucionales que le permiten posicionar su figura y su proyecto de traducción, que este accede al estatuto de traductor-auctoritas, esto es, de instancia dotada de una autoridad simbólica susceptible de conferirle una imagen pública. Un análisis detallado de las estrategias editoriales y de los cálculos institucionales que Baudelaire implementó para posicionar su proyecto de traducción de Edgar Allan Poe nos permitirá demostrar no solo cómo el poeta accede al estatuto de traductor-auctoritas, sino también el rol que este jugó en la construcción de su propia identidad literaria.
Aprendizaje autorregulado e intervenciones docentes en la universidad
Authors: Daura Florencia Teresita
Published: July 2017

Se presentan los resultados de una investigación en la que se plantearon dos objetivos: identificar las estrategias didácticas personalizadas que el profesorado utiliza en el aula y que favorecen el desarrollo de la autorregulación en sus estudiantes y elaborar un marco interpretativo que permita comprender cómo se desenvuelve la interacción académica entre el personal docente universitario y estudiantes a fin de corroborar si se manifiestan o no las estrategias mencionadas. Se instrumentó un diseño mixto, cuali-cuantitativo en el que se efectuaron observaciones no participativas de espacios de aula a cargo de 75 docentes del Ciclo Clínico de la carrera de Medicina de una universidad privada. La información tratada de forma cualitativa se analizó con la metodología propuesta por la teoría fundamentada (Strauss y Corbin, 1998) con la cual emergieron cuatro categorías de análisis, dos vinculadas con el aprendizaje autorregulado y otras dos con las estrategias mencionadas, cuya integración permitió establecer una categoría nuclear que se denominó espiral personalizante correguladora del aprendizaje. Finalmente, las subcategorías encontradas fueron cuantificadas a fin de triangular la información obtenida por el análisis cualitativo.
El sistema de promoción en la educación media: Criterio de la comunidad educativa
Authors: Chaves Salas Ana Lupita , Castro Bonilla Julieta , García Fallas Jacqueline
Published: July 2017

Este artículo tiene como propósito dar a conocer los resultados de un proyecto de investigación que se llevó a cabo en el Instituto de Investigación en Educación (INIE), Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), cuyo objetivo general fue analizar el criterio que tiene la comunidad educativa sobre la Reforma de las Normas reguladoras de la promoción y repitencia del Sistema Educativo Costarricense. Para lograrlo, se realizó una investigación cualtitativa descriptiva de tipo exploratorio, en la que participó la comunidad educativa de dos centros de educación secundaria públicos, además, autoridades del Ministerio de Educación Pública (MEP), docentes de universidades y de la Asociación Nacional de Educadores (ANDE). La investigación inicia con un acercamiento a los antecedentes de esta Reforma y, posteriormente, se continúa con una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema. El estudio evidencia que la comunidad educativa manifiesta no estar de acuerdo con este sistema de promoción de la educación media en Costa Rica y ofrece sugerencias para mejorarlo.
La organización de la Facultad de Educación en escuelas
Authors: Ugalde Víquez Jesús
Published: July 2017

Este artículo presenta un análisis documental relacionado con el cambio estructural que en la década setenta del siglo XX experimentó la Facultad de Educación, al pasar de una organización interna basada en departamentos, secciones y carreras a estar integrada por cinco escuelas. Se analizan los subtemas de antecedentes y elementos del contexto educativo, causas y criterios de la nueva estructura, componentes de la estructura integrada con escuelas y aspectos de participación en el proceso de cambio hasta alcanzar la aprobación de la nueva estructura. El objetivo general y los objetivos específicos planteados orientan la búsqueda de información, respaldan el análisis de cada uno estos subtemas y facilitan la derivación de las conclusiones finales. Estas se plantean a manera de lecciones aprendidas, facilitando el conocimiento del evento histórico que se presenta, el cual se mantiene vigente aún hoy, cerca de cuarenta años después de su aprobación.
BIODEGALŲ GAMYBOS IR VARTOJIMO MODELIAI BALTIJOS ŠALYSE
Authors: Kniūkšta Bernardas
Published: July 2017

Biodegalų sektoriaus plėtrą palaikančioje politikoje įvardinama įvairi aplinkosauginė, socia-linė bei ekonominė nauda. Norint tai įgyvendinti, šalyje reikalinga sava biodegalų pramonė, kurios santykis su vartojimu šalies viduje gali būti labai įvairus. Dėl to iškyla keblumų palyginant situaciją skirtingose šalyse. Tyrimo tikslas – apibrėžus biodegalų gamybos ir vartojimo modelius, identifi-kuoti jų raišką Baltijos šalyse, susiejant juos su galimybėmis įgyvendinti teigiamą biodegalų gamy-bos ir vartojimo efektą. Pritaikius bendruosius mokslinius apibendrinimo ir sintezės metodus, straipsnyje išskiriami keturi teoriniai biodegalų gamybos ir vartojimo modeliai. Pasitelkus vidurkių skaičiavimo, palyginimo ir grafinį duomenų vaizdavimo metodus, atskleistos pagrindinės biodegalų gamybos integralumo charakteristikos Baltijos šalyse bei susiklosčiusių gamybos modelių palan-kumas realizuoti skirtingą biodegalų gamybos ir vartojimo naudą. Nustatyta, kad Estijoje taikant 2010–2015 m. vyravusį biodegalų gamybos ir vartojimo modelį, įgyvendinta tik nedidelė dalis e-nergetinės nepriklausomybės ir vietos ekonomikos vystymo interesų, o Lietuvos ir Latvijos mode-liai tam yra daug palankesni.
Pengaruh Penambahan Kitin pada Medium Produksi terhadap Aktivitas Kitin Deasetilase dari Bacillus K29 14.
Authors: Fawzya Yusro Nuri , Indriati Ninoek , Suryaningrum Th. Dwi
Published: July 2017

Penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh kandungan kitin dalam medium produksi terhadap aktivitas enzim kitin deasetilase telah dilakukan. Sebagai penghasil enzim digunakan bakteri termofilik Bacillus K29‑14, sedangkan kitin yang digunakan sebagai komponen dalam medium adalah kitin limbah udang buatan lokal, terdiri dari kitin kepala udang dari Cirebon, kitin kulit punggung udang dari Cirebon dan kitin limbah udang (III campuran kulit punggung dan kepala udang) dari Sidoarjo. Enzim kitin deasetilase yang dilhasilkan dari fermentasi Bacillus K29‑14 pada medium yang mengandung kitin, merupakan filtrat hasil sentrifugasi larutan fermentasi. Hasil fermentasi Bacillus K29‑14 pada medium yang mengandung kitin kepala udang dengan konsentrasi 0, 1, 2 dan 3% selama 24, 48 dan 72 jam pada suhu 55 derajad Celcius menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas enzim tertinggi dihasilkan dari perlakuan konsentrasi kitin 2% selama 48 jam, yaitu sebesar 25,49 mU/ml. Sedangkan berdasarkan jenis kitin di dalam medium produksi kitindeasetilase, aktivitas enzim tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan medium produksi yang mengandung kitin kulit punggung udang sebesar 2% pada fermentasi selama 72 jam. Aktivitas enzim kitin deasetilase yang dihasilkan sebesar 87,39 mU/ml, dengan kadar protein 4,43 mg/ml dan aktivitas spesifik enzim sebesar 19,73 mU/mg.
Penggunaan Arang untuk Mengurangi Kadar Histamin Ikan Pindang Tongkol Batik ( Euthynnus Affinis ).
Authors: Subaryono Subaryono , Ariyani Farida , Dwiyitno Dwiyitno
Published: July 2017

Penelitian penambahan arang pada proses pemindangan ikan tongkol batik (Euthynnus affinis) untuk menurunkan kadar histamin sudah dilakukan. Bahan baku Yang digunakan dibiarkan semalam pada suhu kamar untuk meningkatkan kadar histaminnya. Konsentrasi arang Yang ditambahkan dalam proses pemindangan sebesar 1, 3 dan 5% dari bobot ikan. Parameter Yang diamati meliputi kadar air, kadar histamin, kadar TVB, organoleptik, jumlah bakteri pembentuk histamin, kadar protein dan kadar lemak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 5% arang dalam proses pemindangan dapat menurunkan kadar histamin pindang dari 140,5 mg/ 100g bahan menjadi 88,6 mg/100 g bahan. Perlakuan ini juga menurunkan angka TV8 produk dari 34,4 mgN/100g bahan menjadi 28,0 mgN/100g bahan pada penambahan 5% arang. Selain itu perlakuan penambahan arang pada konsentrasi 3% atau lebih dapat meningkatkan nilai penampakan dan mampu menghilangkan rasa gatal Yang diakibatkan oleh keberadaan histamin pada produk.
Penggunaan Arang Untuk Mengurangi Kadar Histamin Ikan Pindang Tongkol Batik (Euthynnus Affinis).
Authors: Subaryono Subaryono , Ariyani Farida , Dwiyitno Dwiyitno
Published: July 2017

Penelitian penambahan arang pada proses pemindangan ikan tongkol batik (Euthynnus affinis) untuk menurunkan kadar histamin sudah dilakukan. Bahan baku Yang digunakan dibiarkan semalam pada suhu kamar untuk meningkatkan kadar histaminnya. Konsentrasi arang Yang ditambahkan dalam proses pemindangan sebesar 1, 3 dan 5% dari bobot ikan. Parameter Yang diamati meliputi kadar air, kadar histamin, kadar TVB, organoleptik, jumlah bakteri pembentuk histamin, kadar protein dan kadar lemak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 5% arang dalam proses pemindangan dapat menurunkan kadar histamin pindang dari 140,5 mg/ 100g bahan menjadi 88,6 mg/100 g bahan. Perlakuan ini juga menurunkan angka TV8 produk dari 34,4 mgN/100g bahan menjadi 28,0 mgN/100g bahan pada penambahan 5% arang. Selain itu perlakuan penambahan arang pada konsentrasi 3% atau lebih dapat meningkatkan nilai penampakan dan mampu menghilangkan rasa gatal Yang diakibatkan oleh keberadaan histamin pada produk.
Karakterisasi Enzim Kitinase yang Diproduksi Oleh Isolat Bakteri Jb4 Dari Terasi
Authors: Noviendri Dedi , Chasanah Ekowati , Fawzya Yusro Nuri
Published: July 2017

Penelitian karakterisasi enzim kitinase yang diproduksi oleh isolat bakteri JB4 dari terasi telah dilakukan. Karakterisasi enzim mencakup penentuan suhu dan pH optimum, stabilitas enzim, dan pengaruh adanya ion logam terhadap aktivitas enzim. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh enzim kitinase mempunyai suhu optimum 40ºC dan pH optimumnya 8,0. Enzim ini memiliki kernampuan stabilitas panas pada suhu 40ºC. Kation monovalen NH+ dan Na+ dengan konsentrasi 1,0 mM diketahui dapat berfungsi sebagai aktivator bagi enzim kitinase isolat JB4. sebaliknya kation divalen Mg2+,Cu2+ Co2+, Zn2+ , Ba2+, Ca2+ dan kation trivalen Fe3+ dengan konsentrasi akhir 1,0 mM merupakan inhibitor bagi enzim kitinase dari isolat tersebut.
Antikythera Mechanism
Authors: David Nicholas
Published: July 2017

Recent interpretive analysis of the astronomical calculator known as the Antikythera mechanism (AKM), the oldest geared instrument in the world, reveals that the astronomy it embodies is of the third to second century bc. The device has no known precursor and is more complicated than any surviving mechanism from the following millennium. Its apparent uniqueness stems from a failure to embed the device in the society, economy and technology of its time. After summarizing the circumstances of its recovery from a shipwreck in 1900–1901, subsequent excavations and the curation and analyses of associated materials through the 1950s, I turn to recent research. Studies of coins and ceramics from the wreck indicate that the freighter transporting the AKM foundered at some point between 70 and 50 bc. Meanwhile analyses of inscriptions on the device and other evidence link it to the Corinthian sphere of influence and suggest a date between 129 and 75 bc. Review of the literary and material history of astronomical devices and geared machinery of the period 100 bc–500 ad reveals relatives, but nothing comparable to the AKM in its range of functions. Yet it is not a Machina ex Deo. Archaeologists are encouraged to recover and analyze more evidence of the tradition it undoubtedly represents. Intensive research into the mode of production and the social, economic, technical and material aspects of the bronze and brass industries of the first millennia bc and ad is required.
Apresentação
Authors: Franzini Fábio
Published: July 2017

Apresentação do dossiê
Os lugares dos historiadores e da história na sociedade brasileira: Conferência de abertura do XXVIII Simpósio Nacional de História, Florianópolis
Authors: Sá Motta Rodrigo Patto
Published: July 2017

Os lugares dos historiadores e da história na sociedade brasileira: Conferência de abertura do XXVIII Simpósio Nacional de História, Florianópolis
A emergência dos sujeitos sociais na historiografia sobre a Guerra do Contestado
Authors: Dalfré Liz Andrea
Published: July 2017

O objetivo desta reflexão é analisar o percurso historiográfico sobre o Movimento do Contestado e demonstrar como este conflito foi pensado, principalmente academicamente, ao longo dos séculos XX e XXI. Interessa verificar como os estudiosos do tema entenderam a participação dos atores sociais que se reuniram nas Cidades Santas, opondo resistência ao exército e aos governantes republicanos entre os anos de 1912 e 1916. Inicialmente foram resgatadas as primeiras narrativas sobre a guerra, com o propósito de verificar qual olhar sobre os rebeldes foi veiculado. Em seguida, foram analisadas obras paradigmáticas para a historiografia acadêmica sobre o tema, produzidas durante a segunda metade do século XX e primeira década do século XXI. Nestes estudos, foi observado a maneira como os pesquisadores compreenderam a ação dos grupos envolvidos no conflito e os caminhos adotados nesses estudos à medida que novas perspectivas teóricas foram incorporadas.
A normatização disciplinar da historiografia universitária: Francisco Iglésias e a sua tese de Livre-Docência
Authors: Santos Alessandra Soares
Published: July 2017

A redefinição dos códigos disciplinares da pesquisa histórica pelos primeiros historiadores oriundos das universidades brasileiras não ocorreu por meio de nenhuma revolução ou mudança rápida de paradigma. Assim, os indícios da construção de novas maneiras de fazer e pensar a história devem ser localizados na forma como se concebeu cada empreendimento de escrita específico. Analisamos neste artigo o potencial discursivo e a recepção da tese de livre-docência de Francisco Iglésias e de seus primeiros textos publicados a partir de sua efetivação como docente, na década de 1950, para afirmar e produzir uma reorganização disciplinar do conhecimento histórico produzido na universidade. Consideramos que a vinculação institucional de seu texto não foi um procedimento puramente formal: foi a partir da universidade que ele justificou sua escolha temática e diferenciou sua escrita de outras produções historiográficas.
Impacto do controle do mofo-branco com fluazinam na produtividade da soja no Sul do Paraná: metanálise
Authors: Tupich Fernando Luiz Buss , Fantin Lucas Henrique , Silva André Luis da , Canteri Marcelo Giovanetti
Published: July 2017

RESUMO O controle químico de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pode prevenir infecção, e reduzir a incidência e severidade da doença. Analisar resultados de ensaios individuais nem sempre fornecem conclusões confiáveis. Com isso, técnicas estatísticas como a metanálise, pouco utilizada na fitopatologia, podem ser úteis. Basicamente a técnica sumariza quantitativamente resultados de diversos estudos os ponderando de acordo com sua variabilidade. Assim, foram analisados trabalhos publicados e relatórios técnicos fornecidos por entidades de pesquisa, contendo o tratamento químico com o ingrediente ativo fluazinam usado no controle de S. sclerotiorum e seu efeito na produtividade da soja. Foram analisados 18 experimentos, totalizando 50 entradas de dados. A variável utilizada para o modelo de efeitos aleatórios foi obtida pela diferença entre o tratamento com o fungicida e a testemunha (sem aplicação). A estimativa metanalítica indicou acréscimo de 413,9 kg.ha-1 com amplitude de 344,6 a 483,1 kg.ha-1. A probabilidade de haver qualquer acréscimo de produtividade foi de 89,1%, sendo que para 120, 300, 600, 900 e 1.200 Kg.ha-1 as chances foram 82,8; 69,6; 41,7; 17,6 e 4,9%, respectivamente. Considerando-se R$50,00 o preço da saca 60 kg e R$ 170,00.ha-1 o custo do fungicida, estimou-se em 77,1% a probabilidade de retorno econômico. Concluiu-se que a aplicação de fluazinam contribuiu para o aumento de produtividade de soja atacada por S.scleotiorum.
Relación entre el gen Rps 1k y la resistencia a Pythium ultimum y P. irregulare en soja
Authors: Grijalba Pablo Enrique , Ridao Azucena del Carmen , Steciow Mónica , López Maria Virginia
Published: July 2017

RESUMEN En el cultivo de soja Pythium spp. produce la pudrición de semillas y raíces, y “damping off”. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue verificar la relación entre el gen Rps 1k de resistencia a Phytophthora sojae y P. ultimum y P. irregulare. Cuatro genotipos de soja, dos con el gen Rps 1k (SE+1y SE+2) y dos sin el gen (SE-1 y SE-2) se sembraron en suelo inoculado y sin inocular. Los genotipos SE-1 y SE-2 no difirieron entre sí, ya sea que estuviesen inoculados o no, ni tampoco difirieron del SE+2. En cambio, los genotipos con el gen Rps1k difirieron entre sí, tanto los que estuvieron inoculados como los no inoculados. SE+2 presentó un 95% de emergencia mientras que SE+1 presentó un 78.35% de emergencia pero en ambos casos la emergencia disminuyó cuando se inoculó, con 63.35% y 34.15% respectivamente. Bajo las condiciones del presente ensayo las variedades utilizadas conteniendo el gen Rps 1k a Ph. sojae no presentaron mayor número de plántulas emergidas frente a las cepas probadas de P. ultimum ni de P. irregulare.
RELATIONSHIP OF POLYPHARMACY AND POLYPATHOLOGY WITH FALLS AMONG INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY
Authors: Reis Karine Marques Costa dos , Jesus Cristine Alves Costa de
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: identify relationships of association between the risk of falls in institutionalized elderly people with polypharmacy and polypathy, as well as to outline the epidemiological profile of its casuistry. Method: a prospective obseracional study with 271 elderly residents in long-stay institutions in the Federal District (Brazil). The date were a actualized by inferencial statistics. Results: a monitoring of elderly confirmed the association between polypathology and falls (p: 0.0028), however, it did not follow the trend of other studies in identifying polypharmacy as a risk factor for falls (p: 0.141). Among the most prevalent comorbidities, changes in blood pressure levels (77.4%), followed by Diabetes Mellitus (27.37%), depression (17.7%) and dementia (46.8%) may be highlighted. The most identified drugs were antihypertensives (73.8%), sleep inducers (61.2%), diuretics (50.1%) and antidepressants (34.3%). Conclusion: multiple disabilities associated with chronic-degenerative diseases and the chronic use of medications may interfere with the incidence of falls, ratifying factors related to the diagnosis of risk for falls presented in the NANDA-I Taxonomy I. This contribution to the nurses’ diagnostic rationale ensures better evaluation of the elderly, ensuring a care plan focused on prevention and detection of risk conditions.
MAPPING COMPETENCIES: IDENTIFYING GAPS IN MANAGERIAL NURSING TRAINING
Authors: Peres Aida Maris , Ezeagu Tessy Nnonyelum Miozzo , Sade Priscila Meyenberg Cunha , Souza Pollyana Bahls de , Gómez-Torres Danelia
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: mapping necessary competencies in managerial nursing training. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted between March and June 2013 with 258 students from three Higher Education Institutions of a municipality in the South of Brazil. Results: mapping made it possible to identify necessary competencies for managerial nursing training, including those acquired and gaps. The relative majority of the students considered having the right attitude to act as a nurse in the managerial dimension; however, significant gaps during their training were identified in managerial competencies of supervision, auditing and change processes. Conclusion: this mapping provides subsidies for pedagogical planning, seeking to promote the acquisition of managerial competencies during undergraduate course training.
Avaliação Ex-post de Ato de Concentração na Indústria de Máquinas Agrícolas com o Uso de Séries Temporais1
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Peixoto da , Vian Carlos Eduardo de Freitas
Published: July 2017

Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a estrutura do mercado de tratores agrícolas no Brasil e mensura os impactos da concentração oriunda da aquisição da Valtra pela AGCO, as duas maiores empresas neste segmento, sobre o indicador de poder de mercado (índice de Lerner). Para isso, foi realizada a estimação de uma função demanda por tratores agrícolas incluindo variáveis de intervenção (dummies de intercepto e de inclinação) para que seus parâmetros fossem utilizados no cálculo do indicador. Utilizou-se para este fim a metodologia de análise de cointegração com um Modelo Vetorial de Correção de Erros (VECM). Os resultados indicam que a concentração não se refletiu em mudanças significativas nas elasticidades preço. No entanto, o poder de mercado, que é elevado em nível, aumentou significativamente após a fusão, devido à parcela de mercado que a AGCO conquistou.
Anti-inflammatory potential of microemulsion and pure bullfrog oil in muscle injury
Authors: Davim André Luiz Silva , Dantas Tereza Neuma de Castro , Albuquerque Diego Filgueira , Pereira Márcia Rodrigues , Queiroz Laíse Beatriz Trindade da Silva , Freitas Leandro Moura de
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT Introduction: Every day science seeks new ways to treat various diseases through drugs that are efficient and viable. Thus, therapeutic alternatives that meet such demand are targets of study. Microemulsions are one of these new alternatives due to their peculiar pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the anti-inflammatory potential of microemulsion and pure bullfrog oil using an experimental model of muscle injury. Methods: Male Swiss mice were divided into three groups: control, microemulsion and pure bullfrog oil. After the pre-treatment, a muscle injury was induced in the animals’ leg and subsequently evaluations were carried out in the horizontal extent of edema and compared between the groups at predetermined times. Following evaluation of muscle injury, dissection of the right gastrocnemius muscles was performed for histological analysis. Results: The microemulsion and pure bullfrog oil showed good anti-inflammatory activity, acting similarly in reducing edema during the first two hours, but without statistical significance from the 3rd to the 24th hour after induction. The histological analysis revealed that the muscle tissue of the animals treated with the microemulsion presented mild cellular infiltrate and little wear of muscle fibers when compared with the muscular tissue of animals treated with the pure bullfrog oil. The histological analysis of the hepatic tissue showed signs of injury in the liver lobes of the pure bullfrog oil group, not observed in the microemulsion group. Conclusion: The microemulsion sho-wed good anti-inflammatory potential in the acute phase of the inflammatory response, reducing the formation of edema and preserving muscle tissue against the occurrence of lesions and without inducing injury in hepatic tissue.
Bioavailability of phosphorus from composts and struvite in acid soils
Authors: Horta Carmo
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the type and fractions of phosphorus (P) forms in composts and struvite and how these P forms affect the bioavailability of P in the soil. P fertilization was performed with compost from sewage sludge (CSS), compost from poultry litter (CPL) and struvite (SV) and compared with single superphosphate (SSP). P forms were quantified through a sequential fractionation scheme. The first extraction was performed with H2O, the second with 0.5 M NaHCO3, the third with 0.1 M NaOH and the fourth with 1 M HCl. The release of P over time, after soil P fertilization, was assessed by incubating the fertilizers with a low-P acid soil. P bioavailability was assessed through a micro-pot experiment with the incubated soils in a growth chamber using rye plants (Secale cereale L.). Inorganic P forms in the first two fractions represented ~50% (composts), 32% (SV) and 86% (SSP) of the total P; and in the HCl fraction, ~40% (composts), 26% (SV) and 13% (SSP) of the total P. Despite the variability of the P form fractions in the composts and struvite, the P release and bioavailability were similar among the fertilized treatments. The acidic nature of the soil, which improve solubility of Ca-P forms, and the high efficiency of rye, which favors P uptake, were factors that contributed to these results.
Zoning of water requirement satisfaction index for common bean in Mato Grosso
Authors: Fenner William , Dallacort Rivanildo , Dalchiavon Flávio C. , Santi Adalberto , Silva Fabrício S. da , Barbieri João D.
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was the agroclimatic zoning of common bean in the Mato Grosso state in the second harvest. Data from 38 meteorological stations in the state and in neighboring regions were used. The zoning was based on water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) for the common bean crop, for the three levels of available water capacity of the soils of the state (30, 50 and 75 mm) in 12 sowing periods. After generating the indexes for the municipalities, the variograms of the data were fitted in order to enable interpolation of the data for the state. Data were entered into ArcGISTM 10.0 and the ordinary kriging interpolation method was used. After generating the maps, they were clipped to the Mato Grosso State and classified as the following WRSI classes: suitable (WRSI ≥ 0.65); restricted (0.55 < WRSI < 0.65) and unsuitable (WRSI ≤ 0.55) for the stage of flowering and grain filling. It was possible to interpolate only the ten-day periods 8 to 12, because from 1 to 7 all regions of the state are suitable for cultivation. The trend of the aptitude of sowing dates is similar to the movement of the air masses active in the state, with a northwest-southeast direction of displacement.
Bioconversion of hydrolyzed cashew peduncle bagasse for ethanol and xylitol production
Authors: Medeiros Lorena L. de , Silva Flávio L. H. da , Santos Sharline F. M. , Madruga Marta S. , Melo Débora J. N. de , Conrado Líbia de S.
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT The agro-industrial waste deposited in the environment causes problems in nature that can be solved with the use and generation of bioproducts. Thus, the objective was to study the lignocellulosic fraction of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) peduncle bagasse and fermentation on large scale (8-16 times) using the strain Candida guilliermondii CCT-3544 as production agent. According to the obtained results, it can be noted that the dry cashew peduncle bagasse has 21.45% of cellulose, 10.96% of hemicellulose and 35.39% of lignin. During fermentation, C. guilliermondii 3544-CAT was able to grow on medium containing hydrolysate, with maximum cell growth concentration of 3.5 g L-1. The behavior of the sugars in the fermentation process was similar in the different variables, with maximum production of ethanol and xylitol at 48 h of fermentation.
Raciborskieila parva Xavier Filho nova espécie de Strigulaceae (Liquens) do Estado do Amazonas
Authors: Xavier Filho Lauro
Published: July 2017

Resumo Descrição de Raciborskiella parva Xavier Filho nova espécie da família Strigulaceae coletada no Estado do Amazonas.
Dicella a Genus of Malpighiaceae New to Colombia
Authors: Anderson William R.
Published: July 2017

Abstract The genus Dicella (Malpighiaceae) has been collected for the first time in Colombia by Dr. Djaja D. Soejarto. The species is Dicella julianii (Macbride) W. R. Anderson, comb. nov. It is described, illustrated, and compared to its nearest relative, D. conwayi. The phytogeographic significance of this trans-Andean disjunct from Amazonia is discussed in relation to Haffer's theory of Pleistocene forest refuges.