bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal variation of salinity of ground water at Patenga area of Chittagong district in Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque A , Hossen MA , Islam MF , Mahmud MIU
Published: May 2019

Availability of safe drinking water is scarce in the coastal areas of Bangladesh due to saltwater intrusion in fresh water aquifer. Patenga, a densely populated coastal area within Chittagong city corporation area, is not under the municipal water supply coverage. The groundwater of Patenga is contaminated by higher concentration of chloride and total dissolved solid. This study aims to investigate the water quality of the tube well based on its distance from flood protection embankment to observed saltwater intrusion in fresh water aquifer. Water sample were collected several times from different tube wells at patenga area based on tube well’s distance from  embankment from February 2017 to August 2017 to observe the seasonal variation of water quality. It was found that chloride concentration, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids etc. are very high compared to the standard value for drinking purpose in Bangladesh. The chloride concentration also decreased as the distance of the tube-wells from embankment increased, which implies that tube well near to coast line has higher chloride concentration. It was also observed that chloride concentration in tube well water also increased during dry season. In this study, the location of the tubewells were considered only along a single alignment in the perpendicular direction of the coastal bank. The study can be further extended for more offsets both in the parallel and the perpendicular direction of the coastal bank for better understanding of the groundwater salinity intrusion.

Progressive Agriculture, Vol. 30, Suppl. 1: 65-70, 2019
Managing Mental Health in the Work Place
Authors: Hussain AA Mamun
Published: May 2019

Abstract not available

TAJ 2018; 31(2): i
Factors Affecting Survival Trend in Colorectal Cancer- A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Sarker Md Khalequzzaman , Sarker Md Moniruzzaman , Parveen Nasrin Ara , Rahman Anisur , Kadir Mohammad Sofiul , Raihan ASMA
Published: May 2019

Colorectal carcinoma is the second most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Western countries. The condition becomes increasingly common over the age of 50 years. The total number of colorectal cancer patients available for the study within the stipulated time was 56. Among them 64.29% patients were male and 35.71% patients were female. 01.79% patient belonged to age group ≤ 20, 12.5% belonged to age group 21-30, 19.64% belonged to age group 31-40, 25.0% belonged to age group 41-50, 26.79% belonged to age group 51-60, 08.93% belonged to age group 61-70 and 05.35% patients were >70 years of age. Mean age was 48.05 years ± 13.97 SD. In our study, 27.2% survived ≤3 months, 36.4% 4-6 months, 09.1% 7-9 months, 18.2% 10-12 months, 09.1% 13-24 months and 0% >24 months. Among 11 expired patients, 03 got curative treatment and rest of 08 got palliative treatment. Those who got curative treatment, 66.7% survived 10-12 months and 33.3% 13-24 months. Those who got palliative treatment 37.5% survived ≤3 months, 50.0% 4-6 months and 12.5% 7-9 months. Overall median survival was 07 months, for curative treatment 15 months and for palliative treatment 05 months.

TAJ 2018; 31(2): 12-16
Work Related Quality of Life of Female Garment Workers
Authors: Noor Md Abdun , Pasha AKM Mustafa Kamal , Afroz Roeyna , Rahman Md Jamilur
Published: May 2019

Background: Readymade Garment (RMG) was the key source of earning foreign currencies and had been playing a vital role in creating employment opportunity for the rural marginal people since long. This study explored the work related quality of life of female garment workers.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted during July 2016 to June 2017 and data were collected from 400 female garment workers through face to face interview by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: The average age of the garment workers was 23.09 years. Most (86%) of the workers had some level of education and only 14% had no formal education. The workers’ minimum and maximum monthly income was BDT 8500 and BDT 33500 respectively. Most of them agreed that they had good infrastructure, sanitation and safety facilities in the work place. All the workers (100%) were satisfied with job facilities and majority (72%) had a clear understanding about goals and aims to do their job at workplace. The workers also had positive impression about the issues related to job satisfaction and working condition. The study also discussed about the sexual issues. 6%, 7% and 9% of the female workers agreed respectively that they were sexually abused in the job, by the co-workers and by the supervisors. Most of the workers agreed to the statement that this job helped them to maintain a good quality of life and they were more respected in the family and society. Educational status, monthly income, infrastructure, sanitation and health safety facilities were statistically significant with the work related quality of life (p = <0.05).

Conclusion: The study recommended improving workplace health facilities, needing based health care services, effective safety measures, providing periodic training programs, long term work provision and incentives for good work and opportunity for promotion.

TAJ 2018; 31(2): 27-34
Frequency and Pattern of Congenital Heart Diseases in Newborn in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Uddin Md Belal , Hossain Md Belal , Rahman Khalilur , Sultana Nigar , Tarafder Md Manirul Haque , Halim Md Rustom
Published: May 2019

Congenital heart disease is most common heart disease in children and causes significant morbidity and mortality. This study was done to evaluate the frequency and pattern of congenital heart disease in neonates (age ≤ 28 days) admitted in a tertiary care level hospital. It was a cross-sectional descriptive type of study conducted at the Department of Paediatrics of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015. Among the 4120 neonates admitted in RMCH in that period, 52 cases had cardiac murmur on auscultation. Incidence of cardiac murmur in the newborn was 1.26%. Clinically, among the 52 cases, 40 cases were thought to have pathological murmur and 12 cases were thought to have innocent murmur. During echocardiography, structural cardiac defect (congenital heart disease) was detected in 38 cases. So, incidence of congenital heart disease was 9.22/ 1000 live births. Remaining 14 cases had normal cardiac anatomy in echocardiography. VSD (12 cases) was the most common type of acyanotic congenital heart disease (23.08%) followed by ASD (11 cases) and PDA (6 cases). Among the cyanotic congenital heart disease, tetralogy of Fallot was the most common abnormality and it was found in 4 cases (7.69%). In this study, parental consanguinity was detected in 4 cases (7.69%). Early diagnosis, timely referral and proper management of congenital heart can save valuable lives and allow normal growth and development.

TAJ 2018; 31(2): 35-38
Socio-Demographic Aspects of Complicated Induced Abortions
Authors: Kowsari Mst Mosfika , Akhter Most Merina , Nawrozy Mst Shaheen , Jesmin Shahela , Uddin Md Zalal , Rahim Hasan Md Abdur
Published: May 2019

Worldwide millions of women seek induced abortion. When successful and complete, it remains secret and if complicated gets highlighted. Hospital data represents a tip of the ice berg. It is an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality but is preventable. This study was done to have a view to some socio-demographic aspects of induced abortion. This study was conducted from January 2012 to July 2012. Patients admitted with illegal induced abortion (N=50) were included in this study. Patients with spontaneous abortions were excluded. Data was collected using pre-designed data collection sheet and were expressed as actual number and percentage. Age range was 15-45 years with maximum incidence in 25-35 years. Peri-urban & rural area were the maximum habitat. Majority patients and their husbands were illiterate or only had primary level education. Most of them were housewives and majority of their husbands were day laborers or small-business holders. Most of their knowledge about different contraceptives was poor and knowledge of MR services was uncertain or none. 96% of their pregnancies were unwanted. Abortions were induced at local clinic, at own residences or at inducers’ residence. Methods of abortion induction were MR, drugs or herbal agents. Abortions were induced by nurse, respondents herself, ‘dai’ or by midwives; none by physician or well trained personnel. One (2%) patient died due to haemorrhage and sepsis. Rural, illiterate persons of our community with little or poor knowledge of family planning services are at risk of having unwanted pregnancy. And, poor knowledge regarding MR or related facilities, as well as legal restriction provokes them to induce abortions by poorly trained personnel and thereby endangering their lives.

TAJ 2018; 31(2): 63-67
FEATURES OF AUDITORY COGNITIVE EVOKED POTENTIALS P300 IN SUCCESSFUL HEART RATE VARIABILITY BIOFEEDBACK IN ADOLESCENTS LIVING IN ARCTIC AREA
Authors: Krivonogova E V
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the auditory cognitive evoked potentials P300 parameters before and after vagal influences on the heart rhythm activation with biofeedback control in adolescents aged 15-17 years in the Arctic-Polar region (64°30' N) and the Subpolar region (67°30' N). There have been identified different variants of the P300 latency change, reflecting the neurons integration in the functional systems to ensure and optimize the sympathico-vagal balance under cognitive test in a single session of the heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback in order to increase the HRV total power during the short recording (5 minutes) in adolescents living in the North. Optimization of excitation and inhibition in neural networks in the first variant has been revealed, what caused reduction of the P300 latency in the parietal, central, frontal and temporal brain parts. A greater involvement of the anterior temporal regions of the cerebral cortex occurred in the adolescents of Polar region. In the second variant, increased internal differential inhibition for achievement of a successful biofeedback control has been noted, that was reflected in prolongation of the P300 latency. In the adolescents from the Subpolar region, this variant of the brain reactivity was typical for the people with the initially shorter P300 latency; the P300 latency prolongation occurred in the frontal, parietal, central regions of both hemispheres and the right temporal part of the brain. A variant of the brain reactivity with prolongation of the P300 latency was most pronounced in adolescents with initially high emotionality levels; prolongation of the P300 latency occurred in all the studied left and right brain parts.
MONITORING OF REGIONAL DETERMINATE MEDICAL-SOCIAL SIGNS IN PATIENTS WITH SHOCK-PRODUCING TRAUMAS
Authors: Matveev R P , Gudkov S A , Bragina S V
Published: May 2019

On the basis of a comparative analysis of medical aid delivery to 114 victims of shock-producing traumas treated at the Arkhangelsk Regional Clinical Hospital (a trauma center of the I-st level) in 2013 and to 104 victims treated in the Arkhangelsk hospitals in 2002, there have been specified determinate medical and social signs in characteristics of gender, age, social position, alcohol intoxication, injury mechanism, comorbidity. The men made up the majority (79.8 %) among the victims. In the structure of injury causes, traffic accidents (46.2 %) and criminal injuries (28.8 ± 5.8) % prevailed, associated pathologies were observed in 15.8 % of the victims. People at the young and most able-bodied age leading an active life suffered shock-producing traumas more often. Thus, the average age of victims in 2013 was (36.6 ± 1.5) years (min = 18, max = 93), including the men - (36.5 ± 1.6), the women - (36.8 ± 3.7) years in comparison with 2002 when the average age was (39.0 ± 1.4) years; rejuvenation of the victims has occurred (2.5 years less). High correlations of traumatism with alcoholic intoxication is a separate social and medical problem. In the state of alcohol intoxication, 35.1 % of the victims suffered traumas, including 42.8 % of the men and 4.3 % of the women, the average alcohol concentration in blood (1.59 ± 0.12) % corresponded to the average degree of intoxication.
Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanları İçin Psikolojik Dayanıklılığın Önemi
Authors: Buz Sema , Genç Burcu
Published: May 2019

Psikolojik
dayanıklılık, bireyin güçlüklerle baş etmesine katkıda bulunan bir
özelliktir.  Öğrenilen ve
geliştirilebilen bir özellik olan psikolojik dayanıklılık, insanların iyilik
halini yükseltmeye çalışan, yıpranma ve tükenme ile çokça karşılaşan sosyal
hizmet uzmanları açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Alandaki güçlüklerle baş
edebilmek için sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının psikolojik dayanıklılıklarının
arttırılması konusunda çalışmalar yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma,
dayanıklılığın sosyal hizmet uzmanları açısından önemi üzerinde durmakta ve
nasıl inşa edileceğine ilişkin stratejiler önermektedir. Çalışmanın ilk
kısmında psikolojik dayanıklılık ile ilgili kavramsal tartışma ve tanımlara yer
verilmekte, ardından psikolojik dayanıklılığın sosyal hizmet uzmanları için
önemi ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazın bağlamında tartışılmaktadır. Bu
çerçevede sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının uygulamada karşılaştıkları güçlükler ve bu
güçlüklerin çözümü konusunda bir strateji olarak psikolojik dayanıklılığın
geliştirilmesinin önemine değinilmektedir. Çalışmanın son kısmında ise sosyal
hizmet uzmanlarının psikolojik dayanıklılığını inşa etmek için hangi
stratejilerin kullanılabileceğine yer verilmektedir. 
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde Sosyal Hizmetlerin Yapısı Ve İşleyişine Eleştirel Bir Bakış
Authors: Özada Nazım Ayşe , Köseoğlu Mualla
Published: May 2019

Sosyal
hizmet bilimsel yöntem ve ilkelerin kullanıldığı profesyonel bir meslek ve
disiplindir. Meslek ilkeleri ve mesleğin odağı evrensel olmakla birlikte
uygulamanın öncelikleri kültürel, tarihsel ve sosyo-ekonomik koşullara bağlı
olarak ülkeden ülkeye ve zamandan zamana değişmektedir.  Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde (KKTC)
sosyal refah ve sosyal hizmetler, yüzyıllar boyu değişegelen politik ve
tarihsel süreçlerinden etkilenerek şekillenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, sosyal
hizmetlerin gelişimi ve mevcut durumu sosyal hizmetin üç temel ilkesi olan
insan hakları, sosyal adalet ve eşitlik ilkeleri bağlamında değerlendirilerek
eleştirel bir çerçeve sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, hukuksal
düzenlemelerde yer alan sosyal hizmetlere ihtiyaç duyan nüfus gruplarını
ayrıştırıcı ve ötekileştirici kavramların değiştirilmesi gerektiği ortaya
çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, hızlı bir toplumsal değişim ve dönüşüm içindeki  KKTC’de sosyal hizmetlerle ilgili yasal
düzenlemelerin günümüz ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada yetersiz olduğu göze
çarpmaktadır. Son olarak, sosyal hizmet mesleğinin temel işlevlerinden olan
koruyucu-önleyici çalışmaların yetersizliği ve bu alandaki çalışmalara duyulan
ihtiyaç dikkat çekmektedir.
Türkiye’de Yaşlı Yoksulluğu Sorununa Yönelik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Nazlıer Keser Ecem Naz
Published: May 2019

Gerek gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, gerekse
gelişmiş ülkelerde yoksulluk sorunu bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle yoksulluk konusu
çalışmaya ve çözüm üretmeye gerekli, hatta zorunlu bir sosyal sorundur.
Yoksulluk toplumun tüm kesimlerini olumsuz yönde etkiler. Ancak bazı
dezavantajlı gruplar yoksulluktan daha çok etkilenir. Yaşlılar da bu
dezavantajlı grup içerisinde yer alan ve yoksulluk sorununu en ağır şekilde
deneyimleyen nüfus gruplarından biridir. Yaşlılar, yaşlarından kaynaklı
ayrımcılığın yanı sıra, birçok sosyal, kültürel ayrımcılıkla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır.
Hele bir de bu ayrımcılıklara ekonomik yetersizlikler eşlik ediyorsa,
yaşamlarının yaşlılık evresinde insanlar kendilerini yoksulluğun merkezinde
bulmaktadır. Yaşlı yoksulluğu ile mücadele amacıyla gerekli plan, program ve
politikalar üretilmeli; yoksul yaşlıyla değil, yaşlı yoksulluğuyla ilgili
çalışmalar yapılmalıdır. Yaşlı yoksulluğu ile ilgili sorun mikro bakış
açısından ziyade makro uygulamalar ile kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınmalıdır. Yaşlı
bireylerin yoksullaşmasını tetikleyen ayrımcılıklar nelerdir, bu ayrımcılıklar
ile nasıl mücadele edilmelidir ve yaşlı yoksulluğunun azaltılmasına yönelik
nasıl çözüm önerileri getirilmelidir gibi soruların yanıtlarının verilebilmesi
önemlidir. 
Сучасні підходи до поняття та класифікації ресурсів і ресурсного забезпечення
Authors: Tkach Ivan , Маланчук Марина
Published: May 2019

В статті проведено аналіз сучасних підходів до визначення та класифікації поняття “ресурс”, “ресурсне забезпечення”. Виходячи з властивостей ресурсів запропоновано уточнену класифікацію ресурсів, що дозволить обирати оптимальний (ефективний) рівень використання ресурсів. В ході аналізу виявлено підходи до ресурсного забезпечення, умовно названі статичний і управлінсько-логістичний, які можна використовувати до забезпечення обороноздатності держави, підтверджено, що ресурсне забезпечення є складний і багатоаспектний процес. Доведено, що в контексті забезпечення мобілізаційної підготовки більш прийнятним є управлінсько-логістичний підхід. Визначено особливості ресурсного забезпечення мобілізаційної підготовки держави.
Аналіз факторів, які впливають на ціноутворення продукції військового призначення
Authors: Ткач Iван , Маланчук Марина
Published: May 2019

В статті проведено аналіз факторів, які впливають на ціноутворення продукції військового призначення. Аналіз публікацій з проблем ціноутворення виявив наявність декількох моделей ціноутворення на продукцію військового призначення, серед них найбільш домінуюча є “затратна” модель, яка використовується в країна, що розвиваються. Визначено, що до зовнішніх факторів, які впливають на ціноутворення відносяться: номенклатура замовлень і заплановані (прогнозовані) техніко-економічні показники; ринкове середовище; соціально-економічні умови і прогноз їх розвитку; чинна нормативно-правова база ціноутворення. До внутрішніх факторів відносяться: рівень собівартості продукції; виробничі можливості підприємства; конкурентні переваги.
Hubungan Status Pekerjaan dengan Aktivitas Fisik pada Keluarga Binaan di Desa Pangkalan RT 09/03 Kecamatan Teluk Naga dan Desa Kemuning RT 11/03 Kecamatan Kresek, Kabupaten Tangerang, Provinsi Banten
Authors: Ahmad Fauzi
Published: May 2019

Aktivitas fisik adalah pergerakan tubuh yang dipengaruhi oleh pergerakan otot skeletal
sehingga menyebabkan penggunaan energi tubuh, Aktivitas fisik terdiri atas tiga komponen utama yaitu saat bekerja, rumah tangga, dan saat waktu luang. Aktivitas fisik saat bekerja menjadi target utama karena menyita waktu paling lama dalam satu hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan status pekerjaan keluarga binaan di Desa Pangkalan dan Desa Kemuning. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analitik dan desain penelitian adalah crosssectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel merupakan keluarga binaan di Desa Pangkalan dan Desa Kemuning yang masuk ke dalam kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berjumlah 111 orang. Data aktivitas fisik dan status pekerjaan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner IPAQ. Data dianalisis secara bivariat menggunakan SPSS ver.23. Status pekerjaan responden dari kedua desa didapatkan 59.5% bekerja dan tidak bekerja 40.5%, dengan aktivitas fisik ringan, sedang, dan berat berurutan 9%, 14.4%, 76.6%. Hasil uji Chisquare diperoleh nilai p 0.38 (p>0.05
), berarti tidak terdapat hubungan antara status pekerjaan dengan aktivitas fisik seseorang pada keluarga binaan di Desa Pangkalan dan Desa Kemuning.
Endeks Etkisi: Getiri Oranlarının Endeks Değişimlerine Olan Reaksiyonunun Borsa İstanbul’da Analizi
Authors: EPÖZ AYDINER Hülya , ALTAY Erdinç
Published: May 2019

Sermaye piyasalarında gözlemlenmekte olan bir anomali olarak endeks etkisi, bir hisse senedinin
kote olduğu borsada bulunan bir endekse dâhil olması ya da endeksten çıkarılmasının getiri oranları üzerinde
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkide bulunmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, hisse senetlerinin BİST 30, BİST 50, BİST
100 ve BİST Temettü endekslerine dâhil edilmelerinin ve endekslerden çıkarılmalarının getiri oranları
üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir. Vaka analizi yöntemi ile yapılan analizde hem endeks değişimlerine ilişkin
duyurular hem de endeksin değişimi olay olarak ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular genel olarak endeksten
çıkış duyuru ve olayının hisse senedi getiri oranları üzerinde negatif, endekse giriş duyuru ve olayının ise
pozitif etkiye sahip olduğu yönündedir. Buna göre Borsa İstanbul’da endeks etkisinin var olduğu ve bu etkiyi
açıklayan fiyat baskısı hipotezinin geçerli olduğu yönünde bulgulara ulaşılmıştır.
Osmanlı Ulemasının Fıkıh Usulü Çalışmalarına Katkısı: Hasan Çelebi ve Telvîh Hâşiyesi Örneği
Authors: Yıldırım İlyas
Published: May 2019

Klasik dönem
Osmanlı düşüncesini şekillendiren en önemli ilimlerden bir tanesi de fıkıh usulüdür.
Bu dönem ulemasının fıkıh usulü telifatına bakıldığında Şadrüşşerîa’nın et-Tenkīh
ve et-Tavzîh adlı çalışmalarını merkeze alan eserlerin fazlalığı
göze çarpar. Bu noktada mezkûr eserler üzerine Teftâzânî tarafından kaleme
alınan et-Telvîh adlı hâşiye, ulemanın kendini ifade ve ilmî olgunluğunu
ispat imkânı bulduğu bir metin olarak pek çok çalışmaya konu olmuştur. Hasan Çelebi
de dönemin medreselerinde okutulan temel metinlerin neredeyse tamamı üzerinde
çalışma yapmış üretken bir ilim adamıdır. Bunlardan bir tanesi Hâşiye
ale’t-Telvîh olup 885/1480 yılında tamamlanarak Sultan II. Bâyezid’e takdim
edilmiş; dönemin bazı âlimleri tarafından dikkatle incelenip takdirlerini
kazanmış bir eserdir. İlgili eser ve yazarı, Osmanlı usul düşüncesine dair
önemli tespitlere imkân vereceği düşünüldüğünden çalışmanın ana konusu olarak belirlenmiştir.
Intralipoterapi
Authors: Sari Yuri Methana , Djauhari Tantawi
Published: May 2019

Intralipoterapi adalah injeksi subkutan larutan adipositolitik untuk mengurangi akumulasi lemak subkutan lokalisata. Bahan utama larutan adipositolitik ini adalah asam empedu sekunder deoksikolat (DK). Asam empedu ini dapat menyebabkan adipositolisis dengan melarutkan fosfolipid membran dan membentuk micelles. Membran yang lisis akan mengeluarkan trigliserida intraadiposit untuk dipecah menjadi gliserol dan asam lemak bebas oleh enzim lipase. Pengamatan histologik spesimen jaringan subkutan yang diinjeksi dengan larutan DK menunjukkan adanya inflamasi akut, infiltrasi limfomononuklear, nekrosis lemak, dan makrofag lipid-laden. Enam bulan setelah injeksi pertama, temuan histologik menunjukkan fibroblas dan fibrosis lebih dominan. Hal ini mendukung hipotesis bahwa adiposit yang lisis akan disubstitusi oleh jaringan fibrotik. Konsentrasi DK yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan komplikasi berupa nekrosis dan ulserasi. Intralipoterapi menggunakan DK konsentrasi rendah merupakan pilihan terapi yang relatif aman dan efektif untuk akumulasi lemak lokalisata yang tidak diinginkan.Â Kata kunci: Intralipoterapi, lipolisis, asam empedu, deoksikolat, adiposit, akumulasi lemak lokalisata
Eczema Coxsackium: Bentuk Atipikal Hand, Foot, And Mouth Disease Yang Disebabkan Oleh Coxsackievirus A6
Authors: Adelia Astri , Budianti Windy Keumala , Effendy Evita Halim
Published: May 2019

Eczema coxsackium merupakan spektrum hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) yang disebabkan oleh coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6). Terdapat beberapa perbedaan pendapat di antara para klinisi mengenai definisi eczema coxsackium hingga saat ini, sehingga data epidemiologi penyakit sulit didapatkan. Telah dipublikasikan beberapa laporan mengenai kasus endemik HFMD yang disebabkan oleh CVA6 di Amerika Serikat (AS), New Zealand, beberapa negara di Eropa, dan Asia. Beberapa klinisi sering mengkaitkan penyakit ini dengan kejadian dermatitis atopik, meskipun hal tersebut belum ada penjelasannya. Patogenesis eczema coxsackium hingga saat ini belum diketahui dengan pasti. Manifestasi klinis yang timbul sangat bervariasi, lebih berat, dan luas, baik pada lesi kulit maupun mukosa dibandingkan dengan HFMD pada umumnya, sehingga lebih dikenal sebagai HFMD atipikal. Penegakan diagnosis eczema coxsackium tidak mudah karena dapat menyerupai penyakit lain dan harus dapat dibuktikan bahwa penyakit tersebut disebabkan oleh CVA6. Prinsip tatalaksana adalah rehidrasi. Prognosis eczema coxsackium adalah baik dan jarang menimbulkan komplikasi yang serius. Â Kata kunci: eczema coxsackium, coxsackievirus A6, HFMD atipikal
Peran Lactobacillus Pada Managemen Infeksi Endogen Genitalia Wanita
Authors: Wirantari Nadia , Hidayati Afif Nurul
Published: May 2019

Infeksi endogen genitalia wanita merupakan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh perubahan keseimbangan bakteri endogen vagina, termasuk bacterial vaginosis (BV) dan kandidiasis vulvovaginalis (KVV). Keduanya menyebabkan angka kejadian dan rekurensi yang tinggi, dan regimen terapi standar menunjukkan efektivitas yang bervariasi. Akhir-akhir ini Lactobacillus sebagai probiotik sering digunakan untuk terapi dan pencegahan rekurensi pada BV dan KVV. Lactobacillus merupakan flora normal dominan pada vagina, yang mampu menghasilkan asam laktat untuk menjaga pH normal, menghasilkan substansi antimikroba, menempel pada sel epitel vagina, dan menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba patogen. Penelitian menunjukkan efektivitas yang bervariasi dalam penggunaan Lactobacillus pada BV dan KVV, baik dalam bentuk sediaan oral ataupun intravagina. Lactobacillus efektif digunakan dalam pencegahan rekurensi BV, dan sebaiknya digunakan sebagai kombinasi bersama terapi antibiotika standar. Penelitian in vitro mendukung efektivitas Lactobacillus dalam inhibisi Candida, namun dibutuhkan lebih banyak penelitian klinis yang baik untuk dapat menjelaskan lebih lanjut efektivitas dan keamanan Lactobacillus untuk terapi KVV.Kata kunci: Lactobacillus, Bacterial Vaginosis, Kandidiasis Vulvovaginalis, rekurensi
Peran Pajanan Sinar Matahari Terhadap Fungsi Biologis Kulit Pada Pasien Vitiligo
Authors: Putra Prasta Bayu , Rayinda Tuntas , Radiono Sunardi , Wirohadidjojo Yohanes Widodo
Published: May 2019

Vitiligo adalah kelainan kulit yang ditandai dengan hilangnya pigmentasi akibat hilangnya melanosit epidermis fungsional. Pajanan sinar matahari dapat memicu peningkatan reactive oxygen species (ROS) pada kulit vitiligo. Simple 1-week sunlight exposure recall (S1WSER) telah digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan pajanan sinar matahari dengan kadar serum vitamin D yang berperan pada penyakit vitiligo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pajanan sinar matahari terhadap perubahan fungsi biologis kulit vitiligo. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pasien vitiligo yang menjalani fototerapi narrow band ultraviolet B (NB -UVB). Jumlah pajanan sinar matahari harian dinilai dengan S1WSER yang terdiri atas total body areas exposed by sunlight (TBAES) dan time exposed by sunlight (TTES). Fungsi biologis kulit yang diukur adalah trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) menggunakan tewameter dan hidrasi kulit menggunakan korneometri pada kulit lesi yang terpajan sinar matahari (sun exposed lesion/SEL), lesi yang tidak terpajan sinar matahari (non sun exposed lesion/ NSEL), kulit tanpa lesi yang terpajan sinar matahari (sun exposed non lesion/SENL), dan kulit tanpa lesi yang tidak terpajan sinar matahari (non sun exposed non lesion/NSENL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan bermakna (p<0.05) antara TBAES dengan selisih nilai korneometri SEL dan NSEL dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah (r<0.6).Sinar matahari berperan dalam perubahan fungsi biologis kulit pada vitiligo, pada penelitian ini didapatkan korelasi positif antara TBAES dengan selisih nilai korneometri SEL dan NSEL.Kata kunci: vitiligo, fungsi biologis kulit, pajanan sinar matahari
Nevus Melanositik Kongenital Luas Laporan Kasus Dan Telaah Literatur
Authors: Sjambali Stella , Rahmayani Shinta , Wirohadidjojo Yohanes Widodo , Danarti Retno
Published: May 2019

Nevus melanositik kongenital (NMK) atau giant congenital melanocytic nevus merupakan nevus yang munculÂ  saatÂ  lahirÂ  atauÂ  timbulÂ  beberapaÂ  mingguÂ  pertamaÂ  kehidupan. LesiÂ  denganÂ  ukuranÂ  besarÂ  dapat menimbulkan masalah psikososial dan meningkatkan risiko melanoma maligna (MM). Bila didapatkan di daerah kepala dan leher disertai nevus satelit perlu dipikirkan kemungkinan neurokutaneus melanosis (NM). Data rekam medis poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Dr. Sardjito periode Januari 2009-Desember 2017 didapatkan 12 kasus NMK luas. Pada makalah ini dilaporkan seorang anak perempuan berusia 5 tahun yang sejak lahir didapatkan bercak hiperpigmentasi-keabuan, sebagian disertai hipertrikosis, multipel, berukuran 10 cm hingga >20 cm pada telinga kiri hingga leher kiri dan tengkuk, serta bokong. Sejak usia 2 tahun muncul lesi berukuran lebih kecil berupa makula hingga bercak hiperpigmentasi multipel di wajah, kedua lengan, tungkai, punggung, telapak kaki, dan punggung kaki. Tidak terdapat perubahan ukuran lesi yang cepat, kejang, nyeri kepala, maupun muntah berulang. Pada pemeriksaan computed electroenchepalograph (CEEG) dan brain mapping (BM) tidak ditemukan gelombang epileptiform, namun ditemukan perlambatan difus background activity, oleh karena itu disarankan pemeriksaan CT-scan kepala. Pasien ini didiagnosis nevus melanositik kongenital luas. Nevus melanositik kongenital luas dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya MM dan bila berlokasi di sepanjang aksis posterior disertai lesi satelit berisiko berkembangnya NM, yaitu sindrom dengan proliferasi melanosit pada sistem saraf pusat disertai NMK. Pada kasus ini tidak didapatkan gejala NM secara klinis namun pelacakan untuk NM dan observasi terhadap MM perlu dilakukan.Kata kunci: nevus melanositik kongenital luas, neurokutaneus melanosis
Calcineurin Inhibitor Topikal Dalam Bidang Dermatologi
Authors: Sari Ninda
Published: May 2019

Beberapa dermatosis terjadi akibat ketidakseimbangan jalur imunologi. Imunomodulator dapat berfungsi sebagaiÂ  imunostimulanÂ  atauÂ  imunosupresan.Â  PengobatanÂ  konvensional kelainan-kelainan inflamasi kulit umumnya menggunakan kortikosteroid topikal, tetapi penggunaan klinis terbatas oleh potensi efek samping lokal dan sistemik. Imunomodulator topikal yang terkini dikembangkan dan telah mendapat lisensi dari Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yaitu salap takrolimus dan krim pimekrolimus. Calcineurin inhibitor topikal dianggap sebagai alternatif pengganti kortikosteroid yang aman dan efektif, meskipun masih digolongkan dalam kategori C. Mekanisme kerja obat topikal tersebut dengan menghambat maturasi dan aktivasi sel T melalui kompleks protein sitolitik. Efek samping yang sering terjadi adalah efek lokal berupa pruritus atau rasa panas, tanpa menimbulkan efek sistemik. Kedua obat tersebut disetujui untuk pengobatan dermatitis atopik, namun dapat juga digunakan untuk kelainan-kelainan inflamasi kulit lainnya seperti psoriasis, vitiligo, dermatitis kontak, dermatitis seboroik, liken planus, reaksi reversal dan pioderma gangrenosum. Obat topikal ini tidak menyebabkan atrofi kulit, telangiektasia, striae ataupun toksisitas sistemik.Kata Kunci: Calcineurin inhibitor topikal, takrolimus, pimekrolimus
Kortikosteroid Sistemik: Aspek Farmakologi Dan Penggunaan Klinis Di Bidang Dermatologi
Authors: Siagian Joyce Novelyn , Ascobat Purwantyastuti , Menaldi Sri Linuwih
Published: May 2019

Kortikosteroid sistemik memiliki peranan paling luas di antara semua antiinflamasi dan imunosupresif. Penggunaannya di berbagai bidang kedokteran, termasuk dermatologi, banyak menghasilkan perbaikan klinis yang bermakna. Di sisi lain, pengaruh kortikosteroid terhadap sebagian besar sistem organ, terutama bila diberikan dalam dosis tinggi jangka panjang, berpotensi menghasilkan efek samping serius, meliputi gangguan neuropsikiatrik, kelainan mata, penyakit kardiovaskular, dislipidemia, hiperkoagulabilitas, gangguan gastrointestinal, hiperglikemia, gangguan cairan-elektrolit, kelainan kulit, lipodistrofi, miopati, osteoporosis, infeksi akibat imunosupresi, supresi tumbuh-kembang anak, serta supresi sumbu hipotalamus-hipofisis-adrenal.Â  Optimalisasi penggunaan kortikosteroid berdasarkan sifat farmakologiknya, yakni pemilihan preparat, rejimen dosis, interval serta waktu dan lama pemberian, metode tapering off, potensi interaksi obat, skrining dan pemantauanÂ  efekÂ  samping serta reaksi hipersensitivitas, juga pemahaman akan fenomena resistensi, kemungkinan timbul dampak buruk dapat dibatasi, sehingga peranan obat ini sebagai pilihan terapi bagi klinisi dapat dipertahankan. Kata kunci: kortikosteroid sistemik, penggunaan klinis, efek samping, farmakologi
Dermatoskopi Pada Okronosis Eksogen
Authors: Wardhani Putri Hendria , Indramaya Diah Mira
Published: May 2019

Okronosis eksogen adalah kelainan yang jarang ditemukan karena secara klinis mirip dengan melasmasehingga sering terlewatkan, namun okronosis eksogen membutuhkan perhatian karena dapat dicegah. Okronosiseksogen merupakan hasil penggunaan beberapa pengobatan berupa hidrokuinon, obat antimalaria danbahan yang mengandung resorsinol, fenol, merkuri, dan asam pikrik. Secara klinis okronosis eksogen berupahiperpigmentasi asimtomatik pada wajah, sisi samping dan belakang leher, punggung serta sisi ekstensor ekstremitas.Secara histopatologis terdapat globul-globul kuning kecokelatan (ochronotic) di papila dermis tanpaketerlibatan artikuler, ginjal, atau kardiovaskular. Pengobatan okronosis hingga saat ini masih sulit, belum adadata yang memuaskan untuk pengobatan okronosis eksogen, sehingga diagnosis dini dan penghentian penggunaanhidrokuinon secepatnya sangat membantu perbaikan klinis. Baku emas untuk diagnosis okronosis eksogenadalah biopsi kulit, namun biopsi merupakan tindakan yang invasif. Dematoskopi merupakan pemeriksaanpenunjang yang dapat membantu diagnosis dini dengan cepat, teknik sederhana dan mudah digunakan sertamenunjukkan gambaran yang khas pada okronosis eksogen, sehingga sangat membantu untuk membedakanokronosis eksogen dengan melasma.Kata kunci: dermatoskopi, eksogen, hidrokuinon, okronosis
Caso clínico: Síndrome de Ogilvie.
Authors: Arboleda Cristina , Ramírez Kléber , Nieto O Iván , Paladines Ernesto
Published: May 2019

Introducción: El síndrome de Ogilvie es una patología rara que se puede encontrar en pacientes que han sido sometidos a cirugías extensas dando un cuadro clínico de obstrucción intestinal, llegando a ser letal de no ser diagnosticada a tiempo. Existen varios tratamientos tanto farmacológicos, endoscópicos y quirúrgicos para descomprimir el colon.

Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 35 años intervenido quirúrgicamente de un meningioma que sufre de un cuadro de obstrucción intestinal posterior a la intervención catalogándose como un Síndrome de Ogilvie.
Enfermedad Veno-oclusiva Hepática/Síndrome de Obstrucción Sinusoidal: actualización de los aspectos fisiopatológicos, criterios diagnósticos y opciones terapéuticas.
Authors: Nasre Nasser Raif , Correa Vega Magdalena , Colmenares Álvarez Norlis , Sánchez Dugarte Mariener , Quevedo Pinos Martí
Published: May 2019

La enfermedad veno-oclusiva hepática o síndrome de obstrucción sinusoidal se caracteriza clínicamente por presentar hepatomegalia dolorosa, ictericia, ascitis, edema, aumento de peso y/o trombocitopenia refractaria, que generalmente ocurre como una complicación del trasplante de médula ósea y la quimioterapia en algunos tumores sólidos. La fisiopatología es compleja y se relaciona con daño endotelial en los sinusoides hepáticos que condiciona un estado proinflamatorio, protrombótico e hipofibrinolítico. El tratamiento varía de acuerdo a la severidad de cada caso, cuando son cuadros leves a moderados se presenta una resolución espontánea requiriendo medidas de soporte y tratamiento sintomático; mientras que en los casos severos o muy severos se requiere adicionar tratamiento específico debido a la alta mortalidad que presentan estos pacientes. Considerando la alta mortalidad y las escasas opciones terapéuticas aprobadas actualmente, la identificación de factores de riesgo sigue siendo la principal estrategia para disminuir la incidencia de esta enfermedad, de ahí la importancia de esta revisión.
Cambios y continuidades en la transformación digital de los medios de comunicación peruanos. Análisis de las tesis peruanas sobre periodismo digital
Authors: Angulo Giraldo Miguel Ángel
Published: May 2019

El desarrollo tecnológico ha representado nuevos retos y cambios en las empresas de comunicación internacionales y nacionales debido a la mayor interacción de los públicos con los contenidos e informaciones en los entornos digitales, a través de dispositivos móviles, tabletas y computadoras. La revisión bibliográfica aborda las tesis producidas en el Perú respecto de las transformaciones de los medios de comunicación en el entorno digital relacionadas con las prácticas de producción de la información, las innovaciones en los contenidos, la migración hacia el periodismo digital, así como los estudios sobre la recepción por parte de los públicos. El análisis muestra que la producción académica ha aumentado en los últimos cinco años en cada uno de los espacios de análisis señalados, principalmente en Lima y Trujillo; sin embargo, existen ausencias metodológicas que van más allá de la entrevista en profundidad y la encuesta para estudiar la recepción de los públicos de los contenidos digitales y las prácticas de producción de los periodistas.
Uso del aula virtual en el logro del aprendizaje significativo de la matemática en educación universitaria
Authors: Delgado Fernández José Ramón , Pérez Rodríguez Manaure Antonio
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo procura realizar algunas reflexiones sobre del uso de las TIC de forma específica en un aula virtual para el logro de aprendizajes significativos de la Matemática a nivel universitario. El trabajo se fundamentó principalmente los aportes sobre aulas virtuales de Barbera y Badia (2005) y en los postulados de Ausubel (2013) y Moreira (2010). Se utilizó un diseño cuasi experimental con pretest y postest con grupos intactos. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva y pruebas de hipótesis para realizar el tratamiento estadístico. Los resultados demostraron que los estudiantes que formaban parte del grupo experimental lograron un mayor nivel de aprendizajes significativos, lo cual evidencia que el uso del aula virtual en Matemáticas contribuye a mejorar la actuación del estudiante en las clases presenciales y facilita sus aprendizajes
Disulfiram (Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide) in the Treatment of Lyme Disease and Babesiosis: Report of Experience in Three Cases
Authors: Liegner Kenneth B.
Published: May 2019

Three patients, each of whom had required intensive open-ended antimicrobial therapy for control of the symptoms of chronic relapsing neurological Lyme disease and relapsing babesiosis, were able to discontinue treatment and remain clinically well for periods of observation of 6–23 months following the completion of a finite course of treatment solely with disulfiram. One patient relapsed at six months and is being re-treated with disulfiram.
3D Facial Expression Recognition for Defining Users’ Inner Requirements—An Emotional Design Case Study
Authors: Violante Maria Grazia , Marcolin Federica , Vezzetti Enrico , Ulrich Luca , Billia Gianluca , Di Grazia Luca
Published: May 2019

This study proposes a novel quality function deployment (QFD) design methodology based on customers’ emotions conveyed by facial expressions. The current advances in pattern recognition related to face recognition techniques have fostered the cross-fertilization and pollination between this context and other fields, such as product design and human-computer interaction. In particular, the current technologies for monitoring human emotions have supported the birth of advanced emotional design techniques, whose main focus is to convey users’ emotional feedback into the design of novel products. As quality functional deployment aims at transforming the voice of customers into engineering features of a product, it appears to be an appropriate and promising nest in which to embed users’ emotional feedback with new emotional design methodologies, such as facial expression recognition. This way, the present methodology consists in interviewing the user and acquiring his/her face with a depth camera (allowing three-dimensional (3D) data), clustering the face information into different emotions with a support vector machine classificator, and assigning customers’ needs weights relying on the detected facial expressions. The proposed method has been applied to a case study in the context of agriculture and validated by a consortium. The approach appears sound and capable of collecting the unconscious feedback of the interviewee.
Chitosan-Based Nanocarriers for Nose to Brain Delivery
Authors: Aderibigbe Blessing Atim , Naki Tobeka
Published: May 2019

In the treatment of brain diseases, most potent drugs that have been developed exhibit poor therapeutic outcomes resulting from the inability of a therapeutic amount of the drug to reach the brain. These drugs do not exhibit targeted drug delivery mechanisms, resulting in a high concentration of the drugs in vital organs leading to drug toxicity. Chitosan (CS) is a natural-based polymer. It has unique properties such as good biodegradability, biocompatibility, mucoadhesive properties, and it has been approved for biomedical applications. It has been used to develop nanocarriers for brain targeting via intranasal administration. Nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, in situ gels, nanoemulsions, and liposomes have been developed. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that these nanocarriers exhibited enhanced drug uptake to the brain with reduced side effects resulting from the prolonged contact time of the nanocarriers with the nasal mucosa, the surface charge of the nanocarriers, the nano size of the nanocarriers, and their capability to stretch the tight junctions within the nasal mucosa. The aforementioned unique properties make chitosan a potential material for the development of nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery to the brain. This review will focus on chitosan-based carriers for brain targeting.
Measurement and Analysis of the Stepwise Curved Surface of Diffractive Optical Elements by a Constant Speed Confocal Probe
Authors: Zhu Linlin , Dong Yuchu , Li Zexiao , Zhang Xiaodong , Fang Fengzhou
Published: May 2019

Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) play an important role in improving imaging quality and reducing system volume. The measurement of DOE surface topography is of great significance to the evaluation of DOE quality and the optimization of its manufacturing process. However, there are still some difficulties in measuring the large curvature and the large sag of curve-based DOEs. In this paper, considering the geometrical feature information and measurement problems of curve-based DOEs, a measurement method based on a confocal measurement principle for DOE measurement is proposed. The proposed measurement data processing method is verified by a high-precision motion axis system and the stability of an ultra-precision lathe. The results show that the proposed measurement method can reconstruct and accurately evaluate the three-dimensional surface topography of DOEs.
Finite Element Analysis of Thermal Stress and Thermal Deformation in Typical Part during SLM
Authors: Bian Peiying , Shao Xiaodong , Du Jingli
Published: May 2019

Selective laser melting (SLM) constitutes an additive manufacturing (AM) method. Many issues such as thermal strain and macro-thermal deformation, which are caused by the thermal stress of different process parameters, are not clear. In this paper, an efficient and fast manufacturing simulation method was researched based on a moving heat source model and an elastoplastic theory of welding simulation, which was studied based on the thermodynamic coupling algorithm with a software-developed application for the SLM process. Subsequently, typical case results of thin and hollow plate part formation and the corresponding performances were simulated in detail. The results demonstrated that the effective thermal stress increased as the layer height increased from the surface layer to the substrate, while the thermal strain followed an approximate change rule. In addition, the stress was released from the underlying substrate when the support was removed. Moreover, the largest single axis plane stress was changed from tension to compression from the edge to the center, finally reaching equilibrium. In particular, maximum macro thermal deformation occurred at the printed support structure to the samples, displaying similar results in other locations such as the corners. Finally, the effectiveness of the simulation could be verified from the realistic printed part, which could provide proof for the quality prediction of the part that is actually forming.
Photoplethysmography-Based Continuous Systolic Blood Pressure Estimation Method for Low Processing Power Wearable Devices
Authors: Gircys Rolandas , Liutkevicius Agnius , Kazanavicius Egidijus , Lesauskaite Vita , Damuleviciene Gyte , Janaviciute Audrone
Published: May 2019

Regardless of age, it is always important to detect deviations in long-term blood pressure from normal levels. Continuous monitoring of blood pressure throughout the day is even more important for elderly people with cardiovascular diseases or a high risk of stroke. The traditional cuff-based method for blood pressure measurements is not suitable for continuous real-time applications and is very uncomfortable. To address this problem, continuous blood pressure measurement methods based on photoplethysmogram (PPG) have been developed. However, these methods use specialized high-performance hardware and sensors, which are not available for common users. This paper proposes the continuous systolic blood pressure (SBP) estimation method based on PPG pulse wave steepness for low processing power wearable devices and evaluates its suitability using the commercially available CMS50FW Pulse Oximeter. The SBP estimation is done based on the PPG pulse wave steepness (rising edge angle) because it is highly correlated with systolic blood pressure. The SBP estimation based on this single feature allows us to significantly reduce the amount of data processed and avoid errors, due to PPG pulse wave amplitude changes resulting from physiological or external factors. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed SBP estimation method allows the use of off-the-shelf wearable PPG measurement devices with a low sampling rate (up to 60 Hz) and low resolution (up to 8-bit) for precise SBP measurements (mean difference MD = −0.043 and standard deviation SD = 6.79). In contrast, the known methods for continuous SBP estimation are based on equipment with a much higher sampling rate and better resolution characteristics.