bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Speaking Individual’s Presupposition Base as a Reflection of the Picture of the World and the Linguistic Picture of the World
Authors: Tovmasyan Hranush
Published: February 2021

The article is an attempt to shed light on one of the most interesting issues on the crossroads of psycholinguistics and pragmatics – the picture of the world and the linguistic picture of the world as a means of shaping the speaking individual’s presupposition base, which allows him/her to communicate effectively in sociocultural ambient. The outcomes of the article allow to make the following statement: the presupposition base of the speaking individual is based on the linguistic picture of the world, which constitutes its linguistic component, as well as on the picture of the world, which constitutes its phenomenological component. The article also clarifies the differences between the notions of linguistic individual and speaking individual, consciousness and linguistic consciousness, picture of the world and linguistic picture of the world since they play a central role in the process of forming the presupposition base.
Textual Repetition as a Manifestation of Irony
Authors: Dalalyan Manana
Published: February 2021

Text is a unit of language in use. It is a lexico-grammatical unit realized through a phonological system with its own hierarchy of units (Halliday 1977:6-7). Text has been defined as a communicative occurrence which meets seven standards of textuality – cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, informativity, situationality and intertextuality (Halliday, Hassan 1976:14-18). Application of repetition is also an important characteristic of a text. This particular study gives us a wide diapason to ascertain that repetitions on text level used by O. Wilde imply shades of comical meaning in general and ironical meaning in particular. The methodology underlies in the notion of irony asserted in the study of modality worked out by V. Vinogradov. The linguist suggests that there are two types of modality – objective and subjective. Objective modality mainly presupposes the author’s explicit evaluation of the surrounding world and events, thus revealing shades of humor. In the case of irony the utterance is performed through subjective modality which according to V. Vinogradov is the implicit subjective-evaluative attitude of the speaker/writer (Vinogradov 1950:725-731). Great is the number of studies, where repetition has been discussed on different linguistic levels. We will make an attempt to analyse it text level in Oscar Wilde’s fairy tale “The Devoted Friend” thus trying to prove that textual repetition implies shades of ironic modality in the fairy tale.
Male Features in the Political Discourse of Female Politicians
Authors: Arustamyan Ruzanna
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the description of masculine manner of speech in the discourse of female politicians. Being mainly a field of male activity, politics has become the area of strict rules, perseverance, pertinacity and leadership. The main point in politics is struggle and tough competition of interests. In these conditions strict power qualities exacerbate, humanism disappears in actions and behaviour. This exact style is typical of men, and not women, hence if a woman goes into politics, she has to play according to male rules achieving tough and uncompromising manners of speech. Therefore, entering this complex sphere, women need to obtain analytical, logical, direct and unemotional way of thinking both for their activity and speech. These are necessary qualities for being a successful politician and a person, who will obtain fame, respect and love of citizens. The materials chosen for the analysis are the speeches of two famous women politicians of different periods: Margaret Thatcher and Condoleezza Rice. The main method of linguistic analysis is comparison, i.e. we choose certain parts from speeches of both politicians and try to find male characteristic features.
Rhythmic Arrangement of English Academic Discourse
Authors: Vanyan Lusine
Published: February 2021

The article addresses the problem of the rhythmic arrangement of academic discourse and its main units. It is the result of computer-based acoustic investigation of English rhythm (in comparison with Armenian). The contrastive analysis of the rhythmic units helps to reveal the regularities that pass unnoticed in monolingual studies. Basing on the scalar approach to the rhythm, the study defines rhythm as an output of all the gradients participating in its formation with the special accent on grouping and prominence. It is an attempt in modelling the rhythmic organisation of academic prose in English (Armenian) by giving its acoustic profile.
Interference Error Analysis in EFL Class
Authors: Arakelyan Tsovinar
Published: February 2021

The present article aims at investigating the nature of interference errors in EFL class. Based on a case study, it analyzes the Armenian speakers’ interference errors in EFL class. In order to give a vivid picture of their nature, these errors have been categorised according to the model of Hierarchy of Difficulty propelled by Stockwell and Prator. The beneficial outcomes of the study may be implemented in further pedagogical research towards finding an optimal model of interference errors correction.
The Development of the Basic Approaches to Teaching Writing
Authors: Barseghyan Zori
Published: February 2021

The variety of methodological approaches can contribute to developing the optimal model of teaching writing in higher linguistic universities since implementing only one approach in writing process is unfruitful. However, the priority of this or that approach does not suggest abandoning the other approaches to writing, but puts forward the demand for complementing one another rather than opposing. The content and functional analyses of the product-based, the process-based and the genre-based approaches can lead to paradigm shifts in foreign language teaching/learning methodology, emphasize the importance of the recursive procedure of writing, reveal the main characteristics of writing activities, determine the roles of teachers and students in the process of writing, and develop new strategies teaching writing. Thus a synthesis of the product, the process and the genre approaches to writing will be the best approach to meet the needs of our ESL students.
Pragmatic Aspects of Metalinguistic Utterances
Authors: Tonyan Marika
Published: February 2021

Verbal communication is an extremely many-faceted and complex phenomenon, and should be seen as a process which, besides sending and receiving messages about the object world, can also be focused on the use of the code through which the verbal interaction is taking place. Such spheres as teaching, translation, scientific discourse, court procedures, psychological treatment, to say nothing of verbal art, are obviously metalinguistically-oriented. However, in everyday interaction as well the discussion of metalinguistic issues by the interlocutors is almost as common as a talk about extralinguistic reality. The aim of the present study is to examine the interrelation of metalinguistic and pragmatic characteristics of utterances in everyday speech. We will try to show that only if a certain utterance of metalinguistic nature is perceived as such by the speaker and hearer, can communication be pragmatically successful. Conversely, provided that the interlocutors take into account certain pragmatic factors, the utterance can be actualized and realized as a metalinguistic one, the result being the interlocutors’ mutual understanding.
Reflection in Class: Experimenting with Text
Authors: Girunyan Gayane
Published: February 2021

Methodological studies, as well as teaching practice attest to the central role of reflective thinking in class. As a fundamental skill, which once learned is applicable to any domain of knowledge, reflection is the prerequisite of critical thinking – a goal university education pursues too. The paper stresses the importance of practical assignments as part of the course of Text Linguistics and presents an experimental model involving verbalization of graphical texts and meta-cognitive awareness through guiding questions. With a focus on both individual and shared experience, the role of emotional response is viewed as a motivating factor.
Reconstructing Learners’ Understanding of Education
Authors: Manukyan Ani
Published: February 2021

At present, when interaction between civilizations turns to be more and more intensive, integration into world life and universal culture becomes essential for the modern competent citizen. As educators we need to make fundamental changes in the educational system which will enhance the students’ mutual understanding and social integration, develop their intercultural competence and tolerance towards other nations, as well as encourage lifelong learning and freedom of movement. For students to be competitive in the local and international labour market, it is necessary to revise various educational issues, such as aims and objectives of teaching, modernisation and improvement of textbooks and curricula making them less theoretical and more practical. The paper attempts to reveal current crucial problems in the sphere of education and suggests some differentiated approaches to learning.
Developing Learners’ Top-Down Processing Skills in Listening
Authors: Bekaryan Lilit
Published: February 2021

Listening is the first receptive skill that we develop as human beings, and it helps us improve other skills and gain confidence as language learners. In the English language classroom, learners find listening tasks particularly frustrating and challenging for a range of reasons. The present research addresses ways of developing learners’ top-down processing skills, such as making predictions about the target text, guessing the context and using contextual clues to infer meaning.
The Text-Organizing Function of Compression in English Scientific Discourse
Authors: Chubaryan Astghik , Sargsyan Lilit
Published: February 2021

English scientific discourse can be characterized as a key area of the economy principle realization in the form of text compression. The latter carries out a major text-organizing function due to its potential to form implicit meanings and presuppositions thereby minimizing the use of linguistic units while enhancing the informativity of the text. Thus, the given paper is an attempt to provide a general overview of the role of compression in the production of scientific discourse by examining its concrete manifestations at the syntactic and semantic-cognitive levels in the light of some key pragmatic parameters of communication.
The Importance of Teaching English through Armenian Culture
Authors: Ghonyan Meline
Published: February 2021

Culture and art have always been indispensable parts of language teaching. Cultural texts and various cultural topics have been included in language books and textbooks. However, textbook developers and English teachers give priority to teaching the culture of the target language rather than that of native learners.

In the current paper we would like to state that it is beneficial to teach English through local culture materials as they increase the cognitive, communicative and social understanding of the learners.

Having based on our teaching experience, we can claim that specific topics like Armenian music, dances, customs and traditions, Armenian artists and their art works, the cities and architecture, filming and theatre, holidays and festivals and other culture-related topics are of great interest to Armenian learners of English. These topics are, to some extent, familiar to them, so they enhance the learners’ English communicative skills. Moreover, the learners obtain a full comprehension of Armenian culture and develop certain skills to present it to others.
Comparative Analysis of Armenian and English Syndetic Analytical Word-Formation Structures with Noun Component
Authors: Karapetyan Sirarpi
Published: February 2021

The syndetic or conjunctional analytical word-formation structures with noun component are very productive in the Armenian and English languages from the point of view of forming new words. The paper is devoted to the comparison and contrast of the structural, grammatical and semantic peculiarities of the syndetic (conjunctional) analytical word-formation structures in Armenian and English. In Armenian they are mainly formed with the help of the conjunction “ու”, rarely with the conjunction “և”. In English these units are generally formed with the help of the conjunction “and” and belong to the type of the so-called phrase compounds. Besides the conjunctional compounds, phrasal compounds also include the so called syntactic compounds which resemble segments of speech corresponding to the syntactic and word order rules of the English language, e.g. Jack-of-all-trades “a person who can do many different kinds of work”, lily-of the-valley “a European plant of the lily family”; this type does not have its typological equivalent in Armenian. The examples of syndetic analytical structures provided in this paper are mainly taken from English and Armenian dictionaries.
Approximation as a Semantic Process of Occasional Modification of the Meaning
Authors: Yaghubyan Marine
Published: February 2021

Approximation is a semantic process when occasional modification of meaning, i.e. partial actualization of a linguistic unit is carried out. This process takes place when one of the elements of a situation, an object, an action or a quality mentioned is questionable as to its correspondence to the referent. As a result of this the latter is denoted approximately, not precisely by the speaker or writer.

The paper examines different types of approximators (approximators proper, minimizers, compromizers) in order to assess the semantic relations between certain adverbs that function as approximators. The analysis shows that the adverbs used as approximators are not identical and cannot be called absolute synonyms. Vocabulary acquisition is not an easy job for foreign language learners. It becomes even more challenging when it comes to the learning of synonyms. Though synonymous approximators share some of the meanings, they are not interchangeable in all contexts. Furthermore, the analysis comes to prove that the occurrence of approximators across various registers differs.
Conceptual Metaphors in Theory and Practice
Authors: Aghajanyan Narine
Published: February 2021

Languages can be viewed as metaphorical due to their linguistic and cultural background. The connection between the image and abstract meaning can be understood in cognitive terms using a particular concept of metaphor. The notion “metaphor” can be applied to any linguistic unit used in an indirect sense. In contrast to previous theories of metaphor, conceptual metaphor theory proposes that metaphor is not just a language unit but a fundamental part of human thought. The aim of this paper is to bring forward different aspects of theoretical studies on this important issue and show how new realities in politics automatically cause metaphorization of language.
On Some Universal and Specific Semantic and Cognitive Aspects of the Emotive Joy in English
Authors: Melik-Adamyan Shushanik
Published: February 2021

The most widespread distinction made between emotions seems to be their being positive or negative; however, there is much more to their linguistic study. Joy is seen as one of the primary emotions and is thus indispensable as an example of a positive emotion, which can open the doors to the understanding of emotives in the English language and their universal and specific aspects. The paper aims at a better understanding of both universal and specific semantic and cognitive aspects of the given emotion which in linguistics is studied under the term of an emotive. To achieve this purpose the methods of corpus analysis and metaphor analysis have been applied. The study has revealed that positive denotation and almost similar levels of intensity are the universal semantic and cognitive features of the emotive joy.
The Effect of Non-Native Accents and Stereotypes on Speaker Perception and Comprehension
Authors: Baghdasaryan Susanna
Published: February 2021

The paper argues that linguistic forms per se do not have any positive or negative meaning and that one form is not better than the other. However, this is not fully perceived outside the narrow linguistic community. Very often it is demonstrated by the apparent stigmatization of non-native accents by native speakers of the language. This phenomenon seems true in reference to many communities and languages. Different sociolinguists have conducted research to prove the ungrounded nature of linguistic partiality. They try to account for the listeners’ attitudes towards non-native speech by incorporating the model of dual cognitive processing methods, namely implicit and explicit. They believe that attitudes are formed by the interaction of these two cognitive mechanisms. The negative attitude can be cured by application of more explicit cognitive techniques.
Armenian Genocide Prerequisites in Travel Memoirs (With special reference to Noel Buxton and Harold Buxton’s accounts)
Authors: Gasparyan Naira
Published: February 2021

The findings of our linguocognitive research on a sound historical perspective establish a number of undeniable facts which will elucidate the situation of Armenians in Western Armenia in the pre-genocidal period.

The linguistic material of Noel and Harold Buxtons’ accounts for the British Parliament, Travel and Politics in Armenia, published in 1914, has been studied with the application of a set of methods and approaches: the cognitive method of investigation combined with those of linguostylistic and linguocultural analyses on the extralinguistic basis and the method of purposive sampling. The book is an undeniable source of eyewitness facts which confirm the existing prerequisites for the 1915 Armenian genocide.
The Communicative Function of English Parenthetical Constructions
Authors: Yaghubyan Marine
Published: February 2021

The main function of parenthetical constructions is to characterize the sentence from the position of the speaker to the listener. In English parenthetical constructions are essential, since they not only connect ideas, sentences, paragraphs making them more cohesive, but also introduce contrast or opposition, emphasis or agreement, purpose, result or conclusion, etc.

We try to demonstrate how parenthetical constructions provide and convey communicative functions in spoken and written discourse. However, one should also note that parenthetical constructions cannot carry out the communicative shifts independently; hence the certain communicative shift is relatively dependent on the context.
Synonymous Structures in English Syntax
Authors: Militonyan Jemma
Published: February 2021

Synonymy is one of the most important sources of the wealth of language and is closely related to the problems of stylistics, speech culture, language changes and language improvements. In linguistic literature the term synonymy is increasingly frequently used in relation to different language elements: sounds, word forms, morphemes, syntactic constructions. Recent developments in the studies of grammatical synonymy have led to a renewed interest in syntactic synonymy which is at the heart of our understanding of grammatical synonyms. The purpose of this article is to review the recent research into syntactic synonymy, taking into consideration the attempts of different linguists to define syntactical synonym, determine the criteria of synonymity and examine the synonymous structures in English syntax.
Dickens’s Victorian Novel versus Lean’s Modern Film Adaptation
Authors: Tchaparian Vicky
Published: February 2021

Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations pinpoints his Victorian literary heritage. On the other hand, David Lean’s film adaptation of Dickens’ novel conveys it realistically in a period of post War II cinematic modernization.

In the present paper, different points are discussed and presented; First, different critical opinions, by earlier and modern critics, as well as David Lean’s personal opinion about film adaptation are revealed and discussed. Second, Dickens’s eccentric and grotesque Victorian characters that are presented through Lean’s visually and thematically rationalized postwar characters. Third, Dickens’s extraordinary characters are contrasted with Lean’s realistic ones. Moreover, Lean’s modernistic touches to the Dickensian novel which cater the postwar audience’s need (for which reason Lean’s film is a completely intellectual one and not at all Dickensian) are also unveiled.

Thus, trying to put some hope in the hopeless hearts of his audience in the aftermath of the Second World War, Lean’s modernization of the Dickensian era to fit in the world of his contemporary audience is proven.
Politeness and Its Perception by Armenian Learners of English: From Theory to Action
Authors: Vanesyan Hovhannes
Published: February 2021

The study of the mechanisms of politeness in society has been a subject of interest for scholars of linguistics since the 20th century with the development of pragmatics and sociology. The aim of the current article is to introduce the most popular politeness theories as well as investigate how linguistic politeness is understood and used by students of English. We have conducted a social survey with students of English at the Department of European languages and Communication to see how well they perceive linguistic politeness in its two forms – negative and positive – as suggested by Brown and Levinson in their seminal work “Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage”. As a result, we have arrived at some interesting conclusions with regards to the way the students understand the two types of politeness, and at the same time we have offered some ways of improving the “lacuna” in their knowledge in relation to the appropriate use of politeness in interaction.
Meeting the Goals and Challenges of Adult EFL Learners
Authors: Khachaturyan Veronik , Ghalachyan Armenuhi
Published: February 2021

The paper addresses the goals and challenges of language instruction to adult learners over 30 in Armenia, with emphasis on oral speech. As the number of English learners among adults is growing, it is becoming urgent to study the peculiarities and specific learning needs of adults to organise an adequate teaching and learning environment.

The components of spoken language and the idea of communicative competence are discussed, followed by a consideration of what teaching adults should take into account and how the teaching process can be organised. The target group in this study encompasses three categories of adult learners. One refers to people who take up English for better employment opportunities and/or to meet on-the-job requirements; the second category consists in employees seeking to expand their professional development activities; the last one is represented by an increasing number of emigrants.
Inclusive Education in Armenia
Authors: Tadevosyan Syuzanna
Published: February 2021

The article is on the Inclusive Education in general and the status of it in the Republic of Armenia. It mainly covers the notion of Inclusive Education, the functioning model of education in Armenia, its necessity and importance to be applied in many schools of Armenia. The subject is not new but still, there is a lack of information and awareness of it among the people living in Armenia, particularly parents and teachers. Some strategies and suggestions on the topic are included in the article too, that is how to develop and implement it in everyday schooling. Much attention is paid to the training of teachers and the connection of multidisciplinary bonds. Research in a few schools of Armenia proves that the issue is to be well observed to find proper solutions and to provide relevant information and implication of special education at schools and organizations willing to support Inclusive Education.
Politics, Poetry, People: an Overview of Contemporary Poetry Trends in the British Literary Landscape
Authors: Zimina Evgeniia , Sargsyan Mariana
Published: February 2021

The article deals primarily with the poetic discourse surrounding the 2014 Scottish Independence Referendum and the post-referendum developments in the UK. The political processes of the recent years have been unprecedented in terms of the public resonance, which was by and large due to the active involvement of the social media. By examining the language and rhetoric strategies used in poems we become aware of the message behind them, of the political ideologies they are based on and of the means employed to address the public. It is argued that poetry, whether traditional or digital, sentimental or furious, played and still continues to play a significant role in shaping debate over mega political processes in the UK and in affecting people’s opinion.
Fate across Cultures: a Linguocognitive Approach
Authors: Baghdasaryan Mara
Published: February 2021

Concepts may have different conceptual-semantic coverage and lexical realization in different cultures and languages. In the present paper a cognitive framework has been elaborated to look into the concept fate across different linguocultures – Armenian, Russian, English and Italian, and to reveal its culture bound characteristics along with its universal essence, that is reveal fate in linguocultural thinking.
Spatial Mobility as Social Mobility in the Early Seventeenth Century: Henry Peacham Jr.’s Picaresque Novel “A Merry Discourse of Meum and Tuum”
Authors: Locatelli Angela
Published: February 2021

The theme of migration and travel occupies a prominent position in the literature of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. Travelogues, travel notes, poems, and disparate accounts of the booming explorations towards the New World(s) abundantly embody the spirit of adventure of the age. The energetic spirit promoting the appropriation of new and distant lands did not, however, belong exclusively to the class of sailors, pirates, merchants. It seems, on the contrary, to define a widespread political and cultural attitude on the part of different social groups, at all levels of society.

A significant sign of this phenomenon is the rise of the picaresque novel whose sagacious protagonists travel primarily for material gain and partly for entertainment. Their spatial movement is clearly the means of a new upward social mobility. This movement is obviously very different from the present day migrations prompted by wars and political persecution, but, mutatis mutandis, it is somehow similar to contemporary migrations in search of economic improvement and amelioration of one’s social status.

I will discuss the many implications of this kind of narratives in the XVII Century by examining Henry Peacham Jr.’s A Merry Discourse of Meum and Tuum, a 1639 short novel (for which no modern edition was available until I produced one in 1997, after a period of research at the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington D.C.) (Locatelli 1998).

The protagonists of Peacham’s picaresque novel, the twins Meum and Tuum, move across England from the Fenlands to Cambridge and from there to London, thus providing a rich and amusing picture of the geographical, social and cultural situation of England in Early-modern times. Through their keen observant gaze the reader is taken to farms and universities, taverns and churches, and thus meets a rich variety of social types, and is given a unique perspective on the mores and shifting values of Jacobean England. The utilitarian purpose of the movement of picaresque heroes is certainly distant from the devotion prompting Mediaeval pilgrims; moreover, their social ambition is usually combined with their ability to provide witty and satirical comments on their surroundings. The story of their adventures is thus much more than just a lively “Michelin Guide” of England avant la lettere, it is a vivid illustration of social situations and a convincing anticipation of the emergent entrepreneurial mentality of the XVIII century.
Syntactic Maxi-Accidents in Spontaneous Speech of Middle-Class Speakers of English
Authors: Velyan Karen
Published: February 2021

Spontaneous spoken language is known to be rich in fragmented and nonintegrated chunks of speech. The latter are the result of syntactic “accidents”, which are indispensible elements of spontaneous talk. Caused by a variety of pragmatic factors, syntactic accidents differ in their formal, lexical, and distributional features. With these features in view, we single out three main varieties of syntactic accidents: 1. maxi-accidents, 2. mini-accidents and 3. micro-accidents, which collectively constitute one whole paradigm.

Within the framework of the present article, the main focus of the analysis is on maxi-accidents in spontaneous talk of middle-class native speakers of English. Based on the empirical data, the analysis outlines the key functional properties of maxi-accidents, such as their frequency of occurrence, positional characteristics and pragmatic reasons that lie behind maxi-accidents.
On Some Grammatical Peculiarities of Indian English
Authors: Harutyunyan Kristine , Harutyunyan Rafayel
Published: February 2021

English is a lingua franca that unites all the nations in the world. It is not only the language of universal communication but also a language to access the scientific world, international business and the world of entertainment as many of the world’s top films, books and songs are published and produced in English. The English that people use for social interaction in India differs considerably from the English spoken in other regions of the world in terms of vocabulary, syntax and other aspects of language. Thus, the aim of the present article is to investigate Indian English as a distinctive variety of English and to show how Indians have customized English in various ways, and willingly or unwillingly, have better suited it to their needs. We also discuss some grammatical peculiarities of Indian English used or experienced in different settings.
On the Role of Phraseological Units in Teaching English as a Foreign Language to Adult Learners
Authors: Khamesian Minoo
Published: February 2021

One of the challenges of learning English for Iranian learners is “native-like” production of speech rarely achieved by even the most advanced learners. Unfortunately, it is common belief among Iranian English learners that knowledge of individual lexical items is the key to communicative competence. But alas! The outcome has shown this is counterproductive. As an anglicist teaching ESP in general and EAP in particular in my country, I feel responsible for shedding light on this issue inasmuch as I experience the lapse in my everyday professional work. It should be noted that in this Global Village, in which English is considered the Lingua Franca of science and technology, focusing on phraseological units as a sub-branch of lexical proficiency seems to be of paramount importance to avoid misunderstanding and miscommunication. The present article makes an effort to highlight the role of contextual usages of these units in TEFL to help the learners reach the desired native-like production of English speech.
Epigraphy in Tenth- and Eleventh-Century Armenia: Inscriptions as Bridges and Boundaries
Authors: Redgate Anne Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

This article brings epigraphy, history, architecture, archaeology and liturgy together in an investigation of royal political ambitions and identity in tenthand eleventh-century Armenia, offering a new dimension to the usual study of inscriptions. It considers royal Armenian responses to monuments in the landscape, both ancient and recently constructed, and how the kings of two different dynasties proclaimed their greatness and their legitimacy as kings in stone, but in different ways.
Constitutive Parameter Optimization Method of Obliquely Incident Reflectivity for Conformal PML
Authors: Zhang Yongjie , Deng Xiaofeng , Zhang Xiaohu
Published: February 2021

The conformal perfectly matched layer (PML), i.e., an efficient absorbing boundary condition, is commonly employed to address the open-field scattering problem of electromagnetic wave. To develope a conformal PML exhibiting a significant absorption effect and small reflection error, the present study proposes the constitutive parameter optimization method of obliquely incident reflectivity in terms of the conformal PML. First, the recurrence formula of obliquely incident reflectivity is desired. Subsequently, by the sensitivity analysis of constitutive parameters, the major optimal design variables are determined for the conformal PML. Lastly, with the reflectivity of the conformal PML as the optimization target, this study adopts the genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing algorithm (SA) and particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to optimize the constitutive parameters of the conformal PML. As revealed from the results, the optimization method is capable of significantly reducing the reflection error and applying to the parameter design of conformal PML.
Optimization Design of Electromagnetic Devices Using an Enhanced Salp Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Bouchekara Houssem , Smail Mostafa , Javaid Mohamed , Shamsah Sami
Published: February 2021

An Enhanced version of the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) referred to as (ESSA) is proposed in this paper for the optimization design of electromagnetic devices. The ESSA has the same structure as of the SSA with some modifications in order to enhance its
performance for the optimization design of EMDs. In the ESSA, the leader salp does not move around the best position with a fraction of the distance between the lower and upper bounds as in the SAA; rather, a modified mechanism is used. The performance of the proposed algorithm is tested on the widely used Loney’s solenoid and TEAM Workshop Problem 22 design problems. The obtained results show that the proposed algorithm
is much better than the initial one. Furthermore, a comparison with other well-known algorithms revealed that the proposed algorithm is very competitive for the optimization design of electromagnetic devices.
Circularly Polarized Jute Textile Antenna for Wi-MAX, WLAN and ISM Band Sensing Applications
Authors: Sandeep Duvvada Ram , Narayanaswamy Prabakaran , Phani Madhav , Lakshmi Narayana
Published: February 2021

This study exhibits a circularly polarized (CP) conformal antenna actualized by using a jute textile as a substrate. Its sensing 3.5, 4.9, and 5.8 GHz in the Wi-MAX, WLAN, and ISM radio bands. The topology of the proposed antenna has relied on a curvature structure as the prime radiating element, and ground structure whirled in contradictive arrangement to the patch. Conductivity was materialized by applying copper paint through the traditional painting approach, i.e., brush painting. This fabrication method allows attaining the conformability with minimized size, lightweight, and low sensitivity to the environment without weakening the radiating performance. These attributes allowed the jute textile antenna appropriately for the incorporation in wearable devices for body-driven applications. The electromagnetic properties of the projected jute textile antenna accomplished in simulations were confirmed through the measurement of the antenna in an anechoic chamber. The CP jute textile antenna shows a peak gain of 4.93, 8.86, and 10.07dBi at 3.5, 4.9, and 5.8 GHz (WiMAX, WLAN, and ISM).
Wideband Octagonal Dual Circularly Polarized Sub-array Antenna for Ku-Satellite Systems
Authors: Ibrahim Khalid. , Hassan Walaa. , Abdallah Esmat , Attiya Ahmed
Published: February 2021

In this paper the analysis and design of a dual circularly polarized 4×4 antenna array operating in Ku-band are discussed with emphasis on its sequential feeding network. The dual circular polarization is achieved by feeding a stacked octagonal patches with a wideband branch line coupler. The proposed 4×4 antenna array is based on two separate sequential feeding networks for LH and RH circular polarizations. The advantage of the proposed feeding network is that it is implemented on a single layer. Simulation results by
using both HFSS and CST are presented for comparison. In addition, experimental verifications are presented.
A Broadband Dual-polarized Antenna with CRR-EBG Structure for 5G Applications
Authors: Chen Peng , Wang Lihua , Ding Tongyu
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a broadband dual-polarized antenna with concentric rectangular ring electromagnetic bandgap (CRR-EBG) structure is proposed for 5G applications. The antenna consists of a pair of ±45° cross dipoles, an EBG array, and two inverted L-shaped
improved feeding structures. In particular the ring part of the feeding structures can reduce the coupling between two ports. The leaky wave area of the EBG structure can be used to increase bandwidths. According to the measured results, the bandwidths of port1 and port2 are 32% (3.04-4.21GHz) and 28.3% (3.13-4.16GHz), respectively. The port-to-port isolation can reach up to 23 dB, and the average gain is approximately 5 dBi. The antenna has the advantages of a wide band, good isolation and a stable radiation pattern, which can be better used in 5G communications.
Design of Frequency Reconfigurable Patch Antenna for Sensing and Tracking Communications
Authors: Anumuthu Priya , Sultan Kaja , Saravanan Manavalan , Ali Mohd , Venkatesh Manikandan , Saleem Mohammad , Nizamuddeen Imaduddeen
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a front-end structure of a reconfigurable patch antenna for cognitive radio systems. The antenna structure consists of an Ultrawideband (UWB) sensing antenna and an array of frequency reconfigurable antennas incorporated on the same substrate. The UWB and reconfigurable antennas are fed by co-planar waveguides (CPW). The reconfigurability is achieved by rotating the series of patch antennas through a certain angle and the rotation is controlled by mechanical means using an Arduino
microcontroller. The rotational reconfigurability has been preferred over MEMS switches, PIN diodes, and other lumped elements because the latter requires the need for bias lines. The entire structure is designed using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software and the prototype is fabricated over FR-4 substrate having a thickness of 1.6mm and measurements are carried out. This antenna achieves a wideband frequency from 2 GHz to 12 GHz and distinct narrow band of frequencies by reconfigurability using single antenna consisting of different shapes spaced accurately to ensure isolation
between adjacent frequency bands and each antenna element working for a bandwidth of 2 GHz for frequency from 2 GHz to 12 GHz upon a single substrate and the
reconfigurable elements are controlled using a low cost Arduino microcontroller connected directly to the antenna which ensures accurate controlling of the rotation and fast switching between the antenna elements. The measured results agree with the simulated results and have less than 10 dB impedance bandwidth.
A Metamaterial Inspired Compact Miniaturized Triple-band Near Field Resonant Parasitic Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX Applications
Authors: Li Si , Elsherbeni Atef , Ding Zhenfeng , Mao Yunlong
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a metamaterial-inspired triple-band antenna specified for WLAN and WiMAX applications with a compact size of 24mm × 18mm × 1mm (at 2.4 GHz). It consists of a dual-band left-handed metamaterial (LHM) unit surrounded by a G-style monopole antenna. The LHM is first designed and analyzed with equivalent circuits and simulations. A loop antenna based on the LHM unit is designed and simulated to investigate the radiating performance of the LHM unit structure. We also ran simulations for the G-style monopole. Later, the LHM unit is employed as a near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) element that surrounded by the G-style monopole. A prototype of this
antenna is fabricated. Simulations and measurements were carried out and the results match well, identifying good omni-directional radiating performance. Radiation comparisons with the loop antenna and the G-style monopole indicate that due to NFRP, the G-style monopole’s pass bands are shifted to lower frequencies to satisfy 2.45 GHz and 5.5 GHz bands requirements, meanwhile the LHM unit structure operates a third pass band of 3.5 GHz. The compact size and good radiation properties of the antenna render it suitable for WLAN/WiMAX applications.
La brecha digital como obstáculo al derecho universal a la educación en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Prince Torres Ángel Carmelo
Published: February 2021

En el mundo, la inequidad se hace palpable en distintos espacios de la sociedad bajo diferentes términos y con diversas variantes. Para abordar dicha circunstancia, este artículo tuvo como propósito analizar las consecuencias de la brecha digital como un obstáculo al acceso sobre el derecho universal a la educación en tiempos de pandemia. Debido a esto, se realizó un estudio de enfoque cualitativo y diseño documental con análisis de textos. Se determinó que la brecha digital es un factor que ha develado la falta de igualdad de ciertos grupos sociales para participar en el acto educativo debido a la falta de recursos tecnológicos, aun cuando existen normas jurídicas que defienden la equidad entre las personas. Se concluyó que, aunque ha existido incidencia de la COVID-19 y la brecha en el contexto educacional, representa la oportunidad para cambiar viejos esquemas sobre él y prepararse para futuras incidencias que pudieran acaecer.
Factores que influyen en la toma de decisiones en estudiantes de secundaria
Authors: Hernández Almanza Odacir
Published: February 2021

La toma de decisiones (TD) es una respuesta ante un estímulo que podría o no, repercutir en la vida del sujeto y su entorno. Siendo así, esta investigación tiene como objetivo, describir la TD, como actividad fundamental en la caracterización de los estudiantes de secundaria, teniendo en cuenta el conocimiento y el sentimiento o afectividad, aplicados en situaciones de estrés, familiares, pares e interés propio. La metodología corresponde al enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance descriptivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario a los estudiantes del Colegio Aquileo Parra IED de Bogotá, utilizando las escalas Likert y Osgood. Los resultados muestran coherencia con estudios anteriores que establecen la independencia del estudiante en la TD al ir avanzando en edad y en los ciclos de enseñanza. Sin embargo, refleja un bajo porcentaje de satisfacción en la TD por parte de los estudiantes, mostrando influencias fuertes de los pares y debilidades con el estrés. Esto explica los resultados negativos en lo convivencial y académico. La investigación aporta datos a la caracterización, y posibilita la realización de un nuevo estudio que incluya, acciones sobre el afianzamiento de la habilidad de TD en el currículo. La metodología corresponde al enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance descriptivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario a los estudiantes del Colegio Aquileo Parra IED de Bogotá, utilizando las escalas Likert y Osgood. El resultado mostró coherencia con estudios anteriores que establecen la independencia del estudiante en la TD al ir avanzando en edad y en los ciclos. Sin embargo, refleja un bajo porcentaje de satisfacción en la TD por parte de los estudiantes, mostrando influencias fuertes de los pares y debilidades con el estrés. Esto explica los resultados negativos en lo convivencial y académico. La investigación aporta datos a la caracterización, y posibilita la realización de un nuevo estudio que incluya, acciones sobre el afianzamiento de la habilidad de TD en el currículo.
Aprendizaje de las pruebas de evaluación censal de estudiantes y la percepción de la calidad educativa de una institución educativa privada
Authors: Valiente Solís Janet Patricia , Escalante López María Emperatriz , Loyola Santos Carolina del Carmen
Published: February 2021

Es más que sabido que la sociedad del conocimiento y la información, cambió el sentido de “educar”, este nuevo paradigma ha obligado a establecer políticas supranacionales, políticas de Estado y cambios de una nueva visión en los centros escolares con el compromiso de gestionar sistemas de calidad de tal forma que no puedan desatender esta responsabilidad con el propósito de generar este cambio. En ese sentido, el presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de analizar la relación que existe entre los resultados de aprendizaje en las pruebas ECE y la percepción de la calidad educativa por los principales usuarios del nivel secundario de una institución educativa privada de la región Callao durante el período 2018. En la presente investigación se aplicaron encuestas a 02 directivos, 36 docentes nivel inicial y primaria, 723 estudiantes nivel inicial y primario, 08 personal administrativo, 385 padres de familia. Los resultados evidenciaron que las pruebas ECE se relacionan significativamente con la percepción de la calidad educativa por los principales usuarios de la institución educativa.
Inversión pública y pobreza monetaria en las familias de la Region de Puno - Perú (2004 – 2019)
Authors: Quispe Mamani Julio Cesar , Quispe Mamani Félix , Guevara Mamani Marcial , Arce Coaquira Ronald Raúl , Yapuchura Saico Cristóbal Rufino , Catachura Vilca Alberto
Published: February 2021

El objetivo fue analizar el efecto de la inversión pública en la pobreza monetaria de las familias de la Región de Puno, por lo cual se consideró la metodología descriptiva y correlacional, aplicando el modelo Log-lineal y Log-Log. Se determinó que la inversión pública realizada por el Estado en Puno, entre el periodo de 2004-2019, en promedio tuvo una tasa de crecimiento de 23.58% anualmente y el nivel de pobreza disminuyo en promedio 5.16% por año. Se concluye estableciendo que la inversión pública si tuvo un efecto directo en la disminución de la pobreza monetaria en las familias de la Región de Puno; el efecto que tuvo la inversión pública en el sector de saneamiento y vivienda, educación y salud en la pobreza monetaria es positivo, ya que a un incremento de 1% en la inversión pública en el sector de saneamiento y vivienda, la probabilidad de que la pobreza monetaria disminuya es de 2.59% y un incremento de 1% en la inversión pública en el sector educación, entonces la probabilidad de que la pobreza monetaria disminuya es de 8.75%.
Un balance sobre la historia obrera en México
Authors: Muñoz Asseff Denisse
Published: February 2021

Este texto tiene como objetivo presentar un balance acerca de los estudios relacionados con la historia obrera. En un primer momento (1968) los escritos relacionados con los trabajadores textiles se relacionaban con una perspectiva política y económica, enfocada en los empresarios y las empresas, dejando de lado el papel de los obreros. Hacía falta reconstruir la historia del trabajo, una historia social del obrero observada desde el enfoque regional, en el cual se destacaba el oficio, de los obreros en cada uno de los espacios estudiados, las relaciones obrero patronales y sus condiciones laborales de la clase obrera (1980). Este enfoque temático continua hasta la entrada del nuevo milenio cuando los investigadores voltearon la mirada hacia nuevos temas de investigación histórica, como lo fueron las organizaciones obreras, lo que los llevó a estudiar desde su formación hasta sus nexos con el Estado.