bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization for prediction model of palm oil land suitability using spatial decision tree algorithm
Authors: Nurkholis Andi , Sitanggang Imas Sukaesih
Published: July 2020

Land suitability evaluation has a vital role in land use planning aimed to increase food production effectiveness. Palm oil is a leading and strategic commodity for Indonesian people, which is predicted consumption will exceed production in the future. This study aims to evaluate palm oil land suitability using a spatial decision tree algorithm that is conventional decision tree modification for spatial data classification with adding spatial join relation. The spatial dataset consists of eight explanatory layers (soil nature and characteristics), and a target layer (palm oil land suitability) in Bogor District, Indonesia. This study produced three models, where the best model was obtained based on optimizing accuracy (98.18 %) and modeling time (1.291 seconds). The best model has 23 rules, soil texture as the root node, two variables (drainage and cation exchange capacity) are uninvolved, with land suitability visualization obtains percentage S2 (29.94 %), S3 (53.16 %), N (16.57 %), and water body (0.33 %).
Optimum production conditions for the preparation of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) tincture using response surface methodology
Authors: Akçura S.
Published: July 2020

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a member of medicinal and aromatic plants that have been used for phytotherapeutic applications for decades. In this study, optimum production conditions of lemon balm tincture, which is a functional product used commonly by the people for medicinal purposes, were investigated. For this aim, the response surface methodology approach was applied, and to determine the effect of processing variables, solid concentration (X1), ethanol concentration (X2), and processing time (X3) were selected as the parameters showing the essential effects on the tincture production. The production of high phenolic yielded tincture was aimed at, and therefore, total phenolic content (TPC) and antiradical activity as inhibition concentration (IC50) of the tinctures were determined as the responses in the study. According to the experimental design, 15 tincture samples were prepared, and TPC ranged 1,462–10,335 mg GAE/L, while the IC50 ranged 11.8–78.1 mL. Multiple response optimization approaches were expertly applied, and optimum solid concentration and ethanol concentration for the high bioactive lemon balm tincture was determined as 5 g in 30 mL solvent and 38.6%, respectively. These optimum production conditions will help manufacturing the ideal lemon balm tincture with high bioactivity.
Management of Germ Cell Tumors During the Outbreak of the Novel Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic: A Survey of International Expertise Centers
Authors: Nappi Lucia , Ottaviano Margaret , Rescigno Pasquale , Tortora Marianna , Banna Giuseppe L. , Baciarello Giulia , Basso Umberto , Canil Christina , Cavo Alessia , Cossu Rocca Maria , Czaykowski Piotr , De Giorgi Ugo , Garcia del Muro Xavier , Di Napoli Marilena , Fornarini Giuseppe , Gietema Jourik A. , Heng Daniel Y.C. , Hotte Sebastien J. , Kollmannsberger Christian , Maruzzo Marco , Messina Carlo , Morelli Franco , Mulder Sasja , Nichols Craig , Nolè Franco , Oing Christoph , Sava Teodoro , Secondino Simona , Simone Giuseppe , Soulieres Denis , Vincenzi Bruno , Zucali Paolo A. , De Placido Sabino , Palmieri Giovannella ,   on behalf of Italian Germ Cell Cancer Group (IGG),   ERN-EURACAN Domain G3,   Genitourinary Medical Oncologists of Canada (GUMOC)
Published: July 2020

Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a public health emergency affecting frail populations, including patients with cancer. This poses the question of whether cancer treatments can be postponed or modified without compromising their efficacy, especially for highly curable cancers such as germ cell tumors (GCTs).

Materials and Methods

To depict the state-of-the-art management of GCTs during the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey including 26 questions was circulated by e-mail among the physicians belonging to three cooperative groups: (a) Italian Germ Cell Cancer Group; (b) European Reference Network–Rare Adult Solid Cancers, Domain G3 (rare male genitourinary cancers); and (c) Genitourinary Medical Oncologists of Canada. Percentages of agreement between Italian respondents (I) versus Canadian respondents (C), I versus European respondents (E), and E versus C were compared by using Fisher's exact tests for dichotomous answers and chi square test for trends for the questions with three or more options.

Results

Fifty-three GCT experts responded to the survey: 20 Italian, 6 in other European countries, and 27 from Canada. Telemedicine was broadly used; there was high consensus to interrupt chemotherapy in COVID-19–positive patients (I = 75%, C = 55%, and E = 83.3%) and for use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor primary prophylaxis for neutropenia (I = 65%, C = 62.9%, and E = 50%). The main differences emerged regarding the management of stage I and stage IIA disease, likely because of cultural and geographical differences.

Conclusion

Our study highlights the common efforts of GCT experts in Europe and Canada to maintain high standards of treatment for patients with GCT with few changes in their management during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Estimación de los beneficios sociales reportados por la conservación y el turismo en el Área Natural de Choquequirao
Authors: Ortiz de Orué Haydeé
Published: July 2020

La intervención del Estado en políticas de conservación como en infraestructura turística pública en áreas naturales protegidas-ANP debe ser, de una u otra forma, asumida en términos financieros por los usuarios que perciben beneficios de dichas intervenciones. Estas ANP suministran una gran variedad de bienes y servicios ambientales que no tienen un precio de mercado que permitan determinar su verdadero valor económico. Los métodos de preferencias pueden utilizarse para determinar dicho valor económico a través de la disposición de pago-DAP por las mejoras asociadas a políticas de cambio en conservación y en turismo en un área natural como Choquequirao-CHOQ. Este instrumento económico permitirá recaudar mayores fondos para implementar políticas de conservación natural y cultural en el ANP. La DAP propuesta mediante el método de Análisis Conjunto muestra resultados, por la implementación de mejoras conjuntas en proyectos de conservación e infraestructura turística, de una DAP por turista de $ 11.50, adicionales a la tarifa de ingreso, que coadyuvarían al cumplimento de los objetivos estratégicos de conservación del área. Los beneficios económicos que se reportaría, por la preferencia conjunta de las políticas de conservación y turismo, anualmente, serían de 80,718.50 dólares.
El impacto de la urbanización en la distribución socioespacial de la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático
Authors: Gran Castro Juan Alberto
Published: July 2020

Este ensayo tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre cambio climático y ciudades a partir de la incidencia de los procesos de urbanización en la distribución socioespacial de la vulnerabilidad. Para lograrlo se realizó una revisión de bibliografía y una discusión teórica, tomando como ejemplo el crecimiento urbano del área metropolitana de Guadalajara (México) y las implicaciones de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático en dos sitios de atención prioritaria. Entre los argumentos principales se establece que las poblaciones, sobre todo las más desfavorecidas, no solo enfrentan el reto de adaptarse a los riesgos asociados al cambio climático, sino, además, a los efectos adversos del crecimiento urbano acelerado. La conclusión del texto determina la importancia de repensar el papel de las ciudades frente al cambio climático, en términos de su incidencia en la reducción de la vulnerabilidad mediante una planeación urbana que tenga por centro el bienestar social.
Cuentas que cuentan: Productores rurales en espacios destinados a la conservación de la naturaleza
Authors: Torres Laura María , Cannizzo Mariana , Campos Claudia Mónica , Tonolli Alejandro , Moreno María Carolina , Agneni Emilia
Published: July 2020

Este trabajo analiza la presencia de productores rurales dentro y en los bordes de espacios destinados a la conservación de la naturaleza en la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina). En base a la integración de datos secundarios, hasta ahora dispersos, describe el crecimiento de los espacios destinados a la conservación y sus solapamientos con territorios que brindan sostén a unidades domésticas de producción dedicadas a la cría extensiva de ganado mayor y menor. Los resultados muestran que casi el 40% de las unidades de producción que reconocen las fuentes oficiales se localizan dentro o en áreas de borde de espacios regulados en clave de conservación y que estos solapamientos se han incrementado en los últimos años, en una temporalidad que coincide con la ampliación de las superficies protegidas y la profundización del proyecto neoliberal. La caracterización de las actividades económico-productivas y de las espacialidades y usos de la naturaleza que ellas demandan permite identificar, hacia el final, áreas de sombra en los conocimientos existentes y plantear ejes de indagación futura con capacidad de contener el estudio de las sociobiodiversidades asociadas a los espacios protegidos. Se espera habilitar lecturas socio-ecológicas de los entramados sociales que singularizan los espacios destinados a la conservación y aportar puntos de referencia a trabajos futuros, diacrónicos y comparativos, que puedan contener el estudio de los procesos de desplazamiento por conservación.
Administración de la acequia Tabacundo e implicaciones del territorio Cayambe-Pedro Moncayo durante el siglo XX
Authors: Castillo Vaca Luis Alfonso
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN

El recorrido histórico de la construcción y manejo de la Acequia Tabacundo y del Proyecto de Riego Cayambe Pedro Moncayo en el siglo XX, permite visualizar el complejo desarrollo local que se establece en este territorio, como efecto de los cambios de  legislación, institucionalidad y economía nacionales, ésta última dependiente de los flujos de los mercados especialmente internacionales. Éste análisis fortalece la comprensión y reflexión de los resultados e impactos de estos procesos, mediante la revisión empírica de documentos disponibles e información lograda directamente con los representantes territoriales relacionados a la administración de la Acequia y ejecución del Proyecto.

 

Los dos modelos de administración de la Acequia Tabacundo y el devenir del moderno Proyecto creados durante el siglo pasado, determinan características propias y especificidades, que responden a la coexistencia local de diferencias y desarrollos combinados, especialmente a nivel productivo y social.

 

Los conflictos por el manejo del recurso agua son evidentes al terminar el siglo XX, particularmente entre la gestión y prestación del servicio de riego de la Acequia, por parte de la administración municipal de Pedro Moncayo, y los diferentes consumidores del riego del territorio. Profundizando su convergencia o diferencias con la misma institucionalidad local y provincial que iniciaron la construcción del Proyecto de Riego Cayambe Pedro Moncayo.
verdadera inclusión: La controversia entre el reciclaje inclusivo y el reciclaje justo en el marco del desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Zárate Carabajo Alexandra Elizabeth , Ayora Sánchez Jairo Ismael , Jimbo Días José Santiago
Published: July 2020

La presente investigación analiza al reciclaje como posible actividad empresarial con vistas a convertirse en un Negocio Inclusivo (NI) protagonizado por los recicladores. El objetivo es determinar si los actores involucrados en la estrategia del NI bajo el supuesto de la Creación de Valor Compartido (CVC), cumplen con los criterios que conlleva una verdadera inclusión, misma que será contemplada desde un punto de vista empresarial y social, verificando que la actividad del reciclaje sea inclusiva, justa y si como NI aporta al Desarrollo Sostenible (DS). El estudio tiene un enfoque mixto, con un diseño de tipo exploratorio secuencial y carácter no experimental; se desarrolló en la ciudad de Cuenca (Ecuador), donde se analizaron 7 asociaciones de recicladores consolidados. Participaron 161 recicladores a quienes se les aplicó un instrumento; además, se hizo una revisión del marco legal que regula esta actividad y se analizaron los parámetros que debe cumplir para considerarse como NI con contribución al DS. En los resultados destaca el nivel medio de inclusión de los recicladores respecto a su actividad. El reciclaje es una actividad que tiene potencial como NI, sin embargo, no existen las condiciones idóneas, las políticas y ordenanzas que faciliten su conceptualización y consolidación, ni cumple con los parámetros establecidos para alinearse al DS y aportar a la CVC.
Revised estimates of Taung’s brain size growth
Authors: McCarthy Robert , Zimel Emily
Published: July 2020

Cranial capacity, a proxy for the volume of the brain and associated cranial contents, is an important yardstick used to compare early hominin species because increasing brain size is a key characteristic of our lineage. In 1925, Raymond Dart claimed that a natural endocast found at the Buxton Limeworks near Taung, South Africa (which he named Australopithecus africanus), showed signs of neural reorganisation, but its juvenile status complicated comparison to other hominoid species. In an attempt to put its brain size and reorganisation into a comparative context, subsequent researchers have tried to estimate Taung’s adult cranial capacity by comparison to coarse-grained hominoid growth data. In this study, we simulated brain growth in A. africanus using asymptotic growth models in known-age mountain gorillas, chimpanzees and modern humans, and show that, at just under 4 years old, Taung’s brain had already finished or nearly finished growing according to hominoid developmental schedules. Percentage-growth remaining estimates are lower here than in previous studies using cross-sectional ontogenetic samples of unknown chronological age. Our new adult estimates (between 404 cm3 and 430 cm3 overall and 405–406 cm3 for chimpanzee models) are smaller than previous estimates with a ‘starting’ cranial capacity of 404 cm3, supporting the hypothesis that Taung’s adult brain size would have fallen toward the lower end of the A. africanus range of variation and strengthening the case that Taung was female.
Significance:

This is one of several recent studies to show that brain growth is completed in African apes and humans earlier than previously appreciated.
New adult cranial capacity estimates for Taung are lower than previous estimates, supporting the hypothesis that Taung was female.
Cessation of brain growth in hominoids at earlier ages than previously reported suggests that adult cranial capacities for hominin juvenile specimens have been overestimated.

Open data set:
http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/wyfvwd4s22
Identification of solar periodicities in southern African baobab δ13C record
Authors: Kotzé Pieter B.
Published: July 2020

Spectral analysis using wavelet, Lomb–Scargle and maximum entropy techniques of the proxy rainfall record of northeastern South Africa based on annual carbon isotope (δ13C) data obtained from baobab trees for the period 1600 AD – 2000 AD show clear evidence of the presence of characteristic solar periodicities. Solar periodicities that were identified above the 95% confidence level include the ~11-year Schwabe cycle, the ~22-year Hale cycle as well as the 80–110-year Gleissberg cycle. A Morlet wavelet analysis of the δ13C data between 1600 AD and 1700 AD shows the effect of the Maunder sunspot minimum on both the Schwabe and Hale cycles during this time.

Significance:

A spectral analysis of δ13C baobab tree ring data for southern Africa between 1600 AD and 2000 AD is presented. The results show – for the first time – that the δ13C time series contains the 11-year Schwabe, 22-year Hale as well as the 80–110-year Gleissberg solar periodicities. In addition, the influence of the Maunder sunspot minimum between ~1650 AD and 1715 AD could also be clearly identified in the δ13C data for the first time. These findings are of significant importance to investigations of solar influences on climate variability.
Identifying and assigning values to the intangible cultural benefits of ecosystem services to traditional communities in South Africa
Authors: Mowat Shaun , Rhodes Bruce
Published: July 2020

Cultural ecosystem services make an important and valuable contribution to human well-being. However, research efforts in relation to ecosystems do not reflect this value, with the majority focusing on provisioning service contributions in developed countries, with cultural services largely neglected. Consideration of the contribution and importance of these services in South Africa focuses on the more tangible cultural ecosystem services such as recreational and educational benefits, with a paucity of research on the more intangible aspects such as sense of identity, belonging and worship of the ancestors. This lack of research is out of keeping with evidence of an intimate and profound relationship between the land and traditional communities in South Africa. Here we reflect on the available evidence of the nature of cultural ecosystem services to traditional communities in South Africa, and consider one aspect of the global debate on cultural ecosystem services by analysing the suitability of two predominant methods of ascertaining their value – neoclassic economic valuation and deliberative approaches – in a South African context. The types and nature of the values associated with cultural ecosystems, and the way of life of traditional communities, suggest the use of deliberative approaches is better suited to this task. It is hoped that these discussions will encourage researchers from a range of disciplines to engage in furthering research efforts in this area, and improve the evidence base on identifying, assessing and valuing these services, which are of significant importance and value to many of the most marginalised and vulnerable members of South African society.
Significance:

Evidence from the literature suggests that cultural ecosystem services demonstrate a range of value types and ranges. The presence of a range of values puts cultural ecosystem services beyond the reach of neoclassical economic valuation methods.
Deliberative approaches are the most suitable method for eliciting the range and dimensions of value associated with cultural ecosystem services. There is a need for research in a South African context to develop frameworks and methods to identify, assess and measure the range of values associated with cultural ecosystem services.
A few hours in the Seychelles with Alex du Toit in 1938
Authors: Master Sharad
Published: July 2020

Alexander Logie du Toit (1878–1948) was South Africa’s most famous geologist during his lifetime, having authored five books which brought him world renown. In December 1937 to January 1938, accompanied by his wife Evelyn, he visited India in order to attend the Jubilee Indian Science Congress in Calcutta and to do field work in coal and diamond mines. On the return journey to Africa by ship, they stopped for a few hours in Port Victoria on Mahé Island in the Seychelles archipelago. They also passed by Silhouette Island. Du Toit recorded his activities in a diary, and his geological observations in a notebook, where he also drew a sketch of Mahé, and recorded steep structures on the east coast of Silhouette. Although he had not visited the Seychelles before, his deep understanding of the problems of Seychelles geology resulted from his comprehensive research on Indian Ocean geology for his 1937 book Our Wandering Continents. He made remarkably accurate observations on the geomorphology and structure, some of which were only confirmed decades later when the Seychelles were mapped in the 1960s to 1990s. His bold and prescient ideas on the breakup of the Gondwana continent, and on the formation of the Indian Ocean, have been amply confirmed by modern studies, especially by those of Lewis D. Ashwal and his collaborators.

Significance:

South African geologist Alexander Logie du Toit’s impressions of the Seychelles in 1938 are recorded for the first time, based on entries in his diaries. His observations of structures on Mahé and Silhouette Islands were prescient. His deep understanding of Seychelles geology was the result of his research for his 1937 book Our Wandering Continents. His bold conjecture that the Mascerene Ridge, made of continental crust, was the nucleus of Mauritius, was finally proved in 2017.
Homofobia no futebol masculino: revisão narrativa de literatura
Authors: De Souza Daniel Cerdeira
Published: July 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: O Brasil é conhecido como o país do futebol, que é um campo de encontro de masculinidades regidas pela norma heterossexual, onde dissidentes desse aspecto podem ser marginalizados nesse espaço. OBJETIVO: Dessa forma, este estudo objetivou discutir a homofobia no contexto do futebol. MÉTODOS: Metodologicamente, esta é uma revisão narrativa da literatura, onde foram analisados 6 artigos, 5 em português e 1 em inglês, publicados entre 2012-2018 indexados nas bases de dados Scielo, PEPSIC, BVS e Capes. Os dados coletados foram analisados a partir da elaboração de um protocolo de revisão e posteriormente a partir da técnica Análise de Conteúdo. RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram compilados em cinco categorias:  1) Futebol como contexto de performatividade de masculinidade; 2) Homossexuais no futebol; 3) A homossociabilidade no futebol; 4) Os estádios, a torcida, a linguagem e a mídia; 5) Torcidas queers e inclusão, que discutiram que o futebol é um contexto de performatividade da masculinidade hegemônica do projeto heterossexual, onde homossexuais tem sua participação limitada e/ou banida. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Caso desejem participar do esporte, homossexuais precisam se adequar a norma heterossexual, geralmente permanecendo no armário. É permitida a homossociabilidade no futebol como forma de amor ao time e a linguagem é usada como meio onde a violência homofóbica é expressada, mas admite-se que mudanças nesse cenário estão ocorrendo, ainda que a passos lentos, possibilitando a proposta de masculinidades inclusivas. Conclui-se que o futebol representa bem mais do que um esporte, mas um jogo político e um dispositivo da sexualidade, que regula as relações de gênero entre homens.
ASPECTS OF IMPROVEMENT OF THE NON-GOVERNMENTAL FORENSIC ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVITIES
Authors: Sarkisian A. A.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis some features of the creation and using da-tabases in forensic science. Some aspects of forensic examination of databases were also considered. The author examines in detail the main purposes of using of databases in forensic science. From a practical point of view, the shortcomings of some approaches to the using of databases in forensic science, and ways to address them are indicated.
Copiers do not collaborate
Authors: Alford Maurice
Published: July 2020

I’ve been teaching since 1973, some in area schools, some in intermediates, but mostly in secondary schools. Throughout my career I have enjoyed studying part-time, and in 2004 I was privileged to spend the year as an e-Fellow. I’m still studying, still reflecting on education in general and teaching in particular, and still very interested in what it means to be working in this space, what it means to be a teacher. In this piece I am therefore writing primarily with my colleagues in mind—I am writing for the classroom practitioners of today who are the teachers of the future. The ideas of connectedness and collaboration that I discuss here are based on what I have learned from my own practice. Built on a firm theoretical foundation, they represent my synthesis of education wisdom and philosophy. They are intended to challenge the status quo and to provoke change, just as the future challenges us to learn from the past but move from the present.
A librarian’s take on the future of learning
Authors: White Senga
Published: July 2020

Now is an exciting time to be involved in educating our next generation. The way we think about education and our approach to teaching is continually evolving, and our libraries are also undertaking a parallel evolution. They are no longer dusty, silent spaces where the main function is to store and catalogue books. Today’s libraries are becoming vibrant spaces for information seeking, sharing, creating, and communicating new learning. They encompass the best traditions of our old-world libraries while embracing multiple pathways to supporting, connecting and collaborating in our new educational environments. Twenty-first century librarians like me are still there with the right book for the right reader at the right time, but we are also enthusiastic mavens, passionate knowledge-seekers, and committed communicators in this burgeoning landscape.
Language and learning about linear scale: Talking the walk
Authors: Drake Michael
Published: July 2020

Visual texts such as linear scales are in common use in mathematics. However, to use these effectively students need to develop a language to discuss the concepts and mathematics embedded within them. This article reports on 62 interviews with students who explained how they answered questions involving linear scales. Many of these students did not have adequate language to effectively discuss linear scales. The article proposes a language to use with linear scales and describes activities to develop that language.
Developing historical empathy: Showing progress
Authors: Davison Martyn , Hill Mary , Sinnema Claire
Published: July 2020

This article draws on an empirical study that suggests useful practical strategies for representing progression in history, especially regarding historical empathy. It also demonstrates how teachers can both guide and involve students in working with these representations, thereby encouraging students to make sense of, and gauge, their own progress. In doing so it sets out the case for educators having better knowledge of progression in the learning of historical concepts and better ways of showing that progression.
Using selected NCEA standards to profile senior students’ subject-area literacy
Authors: Wilson Aaron , McNaughton Stuart
Published: July 2020

The changing nature of literacy in the senior secondary school means that many common tools do not give subject teachers the detailed information they need to identify and address strengths and gaps in their students’ reading and writing. We illustrate some of the complexities of reading and writing in the senior secondary school and describe one way that teachers and leaders can use NCEA data to find out more about their students’ subject literacy. The approach we describe consists of using a set of Subject Literacy Achievement Standards diagnostically as sensitive indicators of students’ reading in English, mathematics and science.
Assessment for learning, online tasks, and the new Assessment Resource Banks
Authors: Joyce Chris , Fisher Jonathan
Published: July 2020

The main purpose for assessment should always be to improve learning (Ministry of Education, 2007). The New Zealand Curriculum (NZC) acknowledges that evidence for assessment for learning is often gathered informally, and “analysis and interpretation, and use of information often take place in the mind of the teacher” (p. 39). At the same time an increasing body of research suggests that assessment for learning isn’t easy for teachers (see, for example, Mansell, James, and the Assessment Reform Group (2009)). In this short news article we discuss the changing face of a long-standing resource that helps teachers to use assessment data to improve learning.
Book review
Authors: Spencer Karen Melhuish
Published: July 2020

Review of Learning futures: Education, technology and social change, by Keri Facer
Routledge, 182 pp., March 2011, 978-0-415-58143-1
Creating a new pathway for learning using education for sustainability
Authors: Birdsall Sally , Glasgow Bridget
Published: July 2020

NCEA has potential for the development of assessment frameworks that enable all students to demonstrate success in learning. However, research shows that this potential is not being realised. This article illustrates the way that two teachers developed a course in education for sustainability designed for those students who were not succeeding in more traditional subjects. The course opened a new pathway for learning and involved studying relevant issues using different learning areas. Students found these issues engaging and, through their learning, not only gained credits but also developed skills that are required in the workplace. However, teaching this type of course involves challenges, such as timetabling and resources. This article also shows how these teachers managed such challenges.
Four images of the future
Authors: Dator James
Published: July 2020

Professor James Dator has spent nearly five decades in the discipline of future studies. In this article, he suggests that all images of the future can be described within four categories that he calls continued growth, collapse, disciplined society, and transformational. He argues that four big variables—energy, the economy, the environment, and government—have shifted in ways that make them so obviously part of the future they must be incorporated into all of our future-thinking. This article is adapted from an address given to the New Zealand Futures Trust workshop in March 2013. A video of the original address can be found on this website: http://www.futurestrust.org.nz/
The shortage of students studying languages for NCEA Level 3
Authors: Jones Crystelle
Published: July 2020

In recent years Learning Languages has become a learning area in its own right in the New Zealand curriculum, and there have been initiatives to facilitate more language learning in primary and intermediate schools. Less has been done to increase the number of students in senior secondary classes. This article outlines the findings of a study into the number of students studying international languages at National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) Level 3, both nationally and in individual schools, and examines contributing policies and practices.
Computer-administered vs paper-and-pencil tests: Is there a difference?
Authors: Darr Charles
Published: July 2020

It has become increasingly common for students in New Zealand schools to sit tests using a computer. Sometimes a computer-administered test and a paper-and-pencil version of the same test are used interchangeably, depending on which administrative mode is most convenient. Does this matter? Can we just replace a paper-and-pencil test with a computerised equivalent and assume we can compare results?
What makes it science? Primary teacher practices that support learning about science
Authors: Anderson Dayle
Published: July 2020

The New Zealand Curriculum [NZC] identifies an understanding of science that supports informed citizenship as a major goal for the Science learning area. The Nature of Science strand, which explores how science itself works, is the overarching and compulsory strand in Science for Years 1–10. New Zealand primary schools vary in their choice of approach to science, but many employ generic inquiry approaches, most commonly aligned to information literacy processes, to address a range of learning areas, including Science. Experiences at primary level are formative for students in terms of their appreciation of science as a discipline. Key reports suggest that many New Zealand primary students’ experience of science is largely information based. This article draws on sociocultural learning theory and a multiple case study of science teaching in New Zealand upper-primary classrooms to propose that primary science educational experiences that reflect the discipline of science provide a range of opportunities for students to understand how science works, as is expected by NZC. Literature and findings from the study are used to suggest ways that primary teachers can support learning about the nature of science as part of their science programme.
Sharpening New Zealand’s future focus: A scenaric stance
Authors: Matthewman Sarah , Morgan John
Published: July 2020

Future focus is one of the eight principles of the New Zealand curriculum. However, the term is sometimes conflated with the more-expansive term 21st-century learning, which, this article argues, accepts uncritically dominant assumptions that New Zealand’s future is as part of a hyper-globalised, fast-paced, capitalist world. This article insists on future focus as a means of developing the curriculum to support pupils as they learn to think critically about globalisation, sustainability, enterprise, and citizenship. Using the example of scenario-building in the context of carbon-based economies and high-consumption lifestyles we emphasise that futures education requires important skills of study, analysis, creation, imagination, and interpretation.
Early warning systems in schools: Tracking and monitoring students’ progress using NCEA achievement data
Authors: Gan Mark J. S. , Irving S. Earl , McKinley Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

An early warning system can draw the attention of teachers to students’ learning needs early in the course of study, allow monitoring of progress in student learning, and guide the implementation of instructional interventions. In this article we report on a study in which we examined teachers’ views on using early warning systems to identify students who are “at risk” of failing to complete their NCEA qualifications, and we describe the measures that can be put in place to better support such students to achieve their learning goals. In particular, we found that a timely, collaborative, and coherent system of tracking and monitoring was effective in engaging teachers and students in productive learning dialogues, and in supporting interventions that keep students on track to achieving their qualifications.
New identity stories: An alternative to suspension and exclusion from school
Authors: McMenamin Donald
Published: July 2020

School pastoral leaders have halved the use of suspension and exclusion from New Zealand schools in the last decade. This article offers community re-authoring of young people’s identity stories as a further support for reducing suspensions and exclusions. It demonstrates how developing new stories of “who I am and what is important to me” can lead to a marked reduction in troubling behaviours. The article highlights the importance of invited peers, teachers, family, and community members in exploring and maintaining alternative identity claims and changed behaviours.
Transitioning from talking democratically, to thinking democratically and acting democratically: Exploring student-centred approaches to curriculum implementation
Authors: Brough Chris
Published: July 2020

Student-centred approaches to learning are gaining increasing national and international attention. For many teachers, more democratic teaching designs require a shift in thinking and practice. This article looks at how teachers unfamiliar with these approaches might transition from a position of power to empowerment by exploring small, manageable changes in practice. It draws on a 9-month participatory action-based research project on student-centred curriculum integration and the teaching practice of the author.
Accelerating writing achievement
Authors: Jesson Rebecca
Published: July 2020

Q: Our school is in the process of targeting writing achievement for students in Years 1 through to 8. Students in my Years 5 and 6 class who were below or well below the writing standard at the end of their previous year have been targeted as a focus group for improvement. These students need to have their achievement accelerated. What strategies do I need to put in place to ensure that this acceleration can happen? Can this accelerated improvement be sustained over a long period?—Lanie Moore, Years 5/6 homeroom teacher, Reefton Area School

A: These questions are among those that teachers and schools grapple with every day. And because they are such important questions, they are difficult questions to answer in the space of a few pages. As you will appreciate, any response will depend on what the students’ individual and collective strengths and needs are. There are, however, a number of general principles that might guide your decision making for these students ...
English-language learners and the Progressive Achievement Test: Mathematics
Authors: Tung Susan , Kitchen Margaret
Published: July 2020

The Progressive Achievement Test of Mathematics (PAT: Mathematics) provides norm-referenced information about students’ level of achievement in the skills and understanding of mathematics. This knowledge guides teachers’ decisions about mathematics teaching programmes and aligns with the current evidence-based approach to teaching and learning. In practice, these assessment tools are also used to inform overall teacher judgements (OTJs) when reporting to parents and to the Ministry of Education against National Standards in numeracy. This article sets PAT: Mathematics within the context of literature on the assessment of English-language learners and reports on one teacher’s exploration of an English-language learner’s experience in sitting PAT: Mathematics. The findings indicate that teachers and schools should be cautious about interpreting results when English-language learners sit assessments developed for native English speakers.
Teacher perspectives on place-responsive outdoor education
Authors: Brown Mike
Published: July 2020

Outdoor education is often perceived as a series of activities involving novel physical challenges in remote settings or at specialist residential camps. Unfortunately, such experiences can be somewhat distant from the everyday lives of students and expensive to conduct. This research investigates teachers’ perspectives on conducting local outdoor education programmes. The findings reveal that this approach is a viable means of outdoor education provision. It is hoped that other teachers will see opportunities to broaden how they conduct outdoor education programmes, and in so doing open up avenues for more students to be engaged in learning outdoors.
A STUDY ON INDIA’S BILATERAL TRADE WITH JAPAN
Authors: Raghuramapatruni Radha , D Asha Latha.
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study: India and Japan share strong cultural and economic ties. The economic relationship between the two Asian giants strengthened with the signing of the CECA agreement during the year 2011. The current research would focus on assessing the bilateral trade relations between both the countries and attempts to identify the commodity trade potential to enhance the future trade between them.

Methodology: The study is based on secondary sources of data collected through the United Nations Conference for Trade and Development, WTO, IMF, RBI, and the Japanese Trade Databases. The annual data for the period 2005 to the year 2016 has been used to analyse the Intensity Indices and the Gravity Coefficient values between India and Japan. Similarly, the annual data from the year 2008 to 2015 is used to calculate the RCA and RID index values and finally, the average RCA and RID (2008-2016) are used for analysis to identify the commodity trade potential between both the countries.

Main Findings: The study concludes that the trade share of Japan in India’s overall trade has been falling significantly over the years which could be seen through the declining Export Intensity and Import Intensity Indices of India with Japan. However, the overall analysis presents that 28 commodities were feasible for trade between India and Japan from the 56 commodities computed for the study which exhibits a strong potential for enhancing future bilateral trade relations between both the countries.

Applications of this study: India had made a strategic move with its Look East Policy during the year 1991 to accelerate its trade relations with the East Asian countries and later with its success the same was transformed into Act East Policy during the year 2014. The current study would prove to be useful in shaping the policy changes in this direction.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study focuses on the bilateral trade relations between the two important Asian giants, India, and Japan during the post comprehensive economic cooperation agreement between the two. Further, the study identifies the areas of commodity trade potential which paves the direction for new trade between the countries to tap the untapped trade potential.
Tympanoplasty under Local Anesthesia (LA) Without Sedation
Authors: Islam Md. Ashraful , Mamoon Towsif Bin , Milki Farid Uddin , Chowdhury Nazmul Hossain , Khan Saif Rahman
Published: July 2020

Background & Objectives: Local Anesthesia (LA) is getting popularity in comparison to general anesthesia (GA) in underdeveloped and developing countries in many otolaryngological operations. The rationale for LA is the lack of trained anesthesia staff, lack of adequate anesthesia machines and monitoring equipment. LA is safe; and ability to perform more cases in a shorter period of time. This study aimed to find out patients compliance in the operative procedures under LA without sedation.

Methods: 7905 patents underwent tympanoplsty under LA without sedation from 1999 to 2019 in the different hospital of Bangladesh. Preoperative thorough counselling with psychological motivation, advantages of LA, intraoperative surgeon patient conversation and watching surgical steps on monitor, tests of facial nerve function were explained to the patient. LA with different Adrenaline concentrations (1: 1000 to 1: 200,000) was used either by injection or topically. Patients’ satisfaction, vertigo, drowsiness, hangover, orientation and other parameters ware recorded. 

Results: Amongst 7905 patients; male 56.2% and 43.8% was female. Maximum numbers (26.3) were found between 26 year to 35 year of age. Patients’ intraoperative compliance showed excellent without sedation. Operative time was short with a bloodless field. The overall safety was good and needed shortest hospital stay (Hour/day); and of course very less expensive.

Conclusion: Patient’s safety is the primary objective considered in all patients. The advantages recorded as day/hour care hospital stay, patients comfort, less bleeding, ability to assess patient’s hearing during surgery and cost effectiveness
Televisoras y redes sociales en el contexto de una transformación en materia de consumo de información sobre asuntos de la vida pública: Percepciones de una nueva generación en México.
Authors: De la Garza Montemayor Daniel Javier , Pineda Rasgado Xunaxhi Monserrat
Published: July 2020

La relación entre los medios sociales y la participación política de los jóvenes en diferentes contextos, ha sido materia de estudio en la academia durante la última década. Con el objetivo de examinar si en efecto existía un cambio en las preferencias en el consumo de información sobre política entre los jóvenes, se realizó un estudio en cuatro estados de México durante un proceso electoral nacional en 2015. Este mismo estudio se replicó durante las elecciones presidenciales del año 2018. En términos generales, los resultados obtenidos durante la elección no variaron de manera significativa de un proceso electoral a otro. La presente investigación pretende contribuir al debate académico sobre un fenómeno que en algún momento se consideró emergente, pero que en la actualidad parece encontrarse en un proceso de consolidación.
Strzał celny na bramkę, czyli szansa na strzelenie gola — semantyczna analiza porównawcza terminologii sportowej w językach polskim i angielskim na przykładzie fragmentów komentarzy sportowych meczów piłki nożnej
Authors: Janik Mariusz
Published: July 2020

Shot on goal, that is, an opportunity to score — a semantic comparative analysis of sports terminology in Polish and English as exemplified by football match commentariesThe Polish “language of sport”, especially of football, contains many borrowings. However, they are not the only element of football commentaries on television during matches. The Polish language has developed separate terms which often function as borrowings from other areas of life. In the article the author compares examples of Polish football terms with their English equivalents. His comparative analysis, based on the contrastive method, has been carried out on two most frequent terms appearing in football commentaries: “shot” and “goal”. They were taken from television commentaries as well as two publications devoted to the language of football in the form of glossaries featuring both Polish and English terms. The basic entries used in the study are also placed in the context of specific examples of sports commentaries accompanying football events broadcast on television.
Subacute Minimally Invasive Decompression of L5 and S1 Nerve Roots for Neurologic Deficit After Fixation of Unstable Pelvic Fracture
Authors: Warren Shay , Gardner Michael , Alamin Todd
Published: July 2020

Case:

A 73-year-old man experienced immediate neurological decline after percutaneous transsacral screw fixation for a pelvic ring injury sustained after a 25-foot fall. Workup revealed well-positioned screws and compression of the right L5 and S1 nerve roots at the fracture site. Symptoms improved after direct decompression without screw revision.

Conclusion:

The courses of the L5 and S1 nerve roots place them at risk of compression within the fracture during transsacral screw fixation. In highly comminuted fractures, avoidance of compression screws or use of intraoperative CT might prevent this complication. Direct nerve root decompression alone can be a successful treatment.
Kompetensi Profesional Guru Rumpun Mata Pelajaran PAI di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MIN) II Model Samarinda
Authors: Riswadi Riswadi
Published: July 2020

This research aims to find out how professional teachers of Islamic religious education subjects in the MIN 2 Model Samarinda. This research uses an emics perspective, which is trying to understand, internalize, and describe the professional image of the teacher according to the phenomena and data, so it is also called the phenomenological fact. Data Collection techniques using observations, interviews and documentation, while the data analysis techniques to be used in this study, "descriptive analytic" and in qualitative research generally began since data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal of conclusions or verification. The results of the study is that the teacher  is quite professional on the grounds that from the 11 indicators that are determined most have been able to be mastered/implemented well that is able to master the teaching materials, able to understand and interpret the results of educational research for the purposes of teaching, able to manage teaching programs, able to use the media and learning resources, able to plan teaching programs, able to manage the interaction of learning teaching, mastering various methods of teaching, able to recognize and organize the administration of the school (curriculum or learning administration), able to assess the achievement of students for the sake of teaching as well as the ability to master the education foundations, ability to know the functions and services of guidance and counseling that can not recognize children who have special characteristics and ability to manage classes Thus, the learning evaluation of teachers has the ability to assess students ' achievements for the sake of teaching. In this case the teachers of the most specific special PAI class in MIN 2 Model Samarinda have been able to assess well the proven list of values, group books, and analysis of the results are organized neatly and document the governance.