bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FTIR Characterization of the Residues of High-Temperature Extraction and Subsequent Oxidization Depolymerization of Lignite
Authors: Wang Zhi Cai , Gao Juan , Shui Heng Fu , Pan Chun Xiu , Chong Fa Guo , Li Liang , Lei Zhi Ping
Published: May 2011

In order to explore high-efficiency utilization approach of lignite, Xianfeng lignite was extracted by toluene/methanol (3:1) mixed solvent under 300°C in an autoclave combined with high-temperature separator. Subsequently, the thermal extraction residue was oxidized by 3% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution at room temperature. The raw coal and its residues of thermal extraction and oxidization were further extracted respectively by THF and CS2/NMP mixed solvent, and the extracts and the extraction residues were characterized by FTIR. The results indicate that thermal extraction of lignite relaxes the network structure of coal matrix by disrupture the non-covalent bond interactions. The methylene bridge bond is easy to be oxidized into carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups. Therefore, these results are very significant for the development of high-efficiency conversion technology.
Study on Brown Coal Pyrolysis and Catalytic Pyrolysis
Authors: Zhao Gang Wei , Yu Wei Qi , Xiao Yun Han
Published: May 2011

It is very important to the combustion processes of coal pyrolysis, so the catalytic effects of alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal on the brown coal (Yunnan,China) were investigated with a thermogravimetric analysis. These results show that the active pyrolysis orders are Mg>Ni,Fe>Na,K>Al2O3>CaO, and the maximal increment of conversion is 10.6% in brown coal.
The Impact of Reducing Carbon on Electric Property and Morphology of Li3V2 (PO4)3 by Wet Milling and the Electric Property and Morphology Study of Li3V2 (PO4)3
Authors: Song Ji Shun , Cao Fu Biao , Ma Xu , Wang Jin Kui , Lv Fei , Xu Ning , Cui Bo
Published: May 2011

The cathode material Li3V2 (PO4)3is synthesized for Lithium Ion batteries based on wet ball-milling then high–temperature carbon-thermal sintering. We had characterized them with the measurements of XRD ray diffraction, elemental analysis and electrochemical property tests. The results show that we synthesized sample is monoclinic structure; We first synthesized the Li3V2 (PO4)3 through the using conductive carbon, the extra conductive carbon can increase the conductivity of the material. The initial charge capacity is 126.16 mAh/g and initial efficiency is 97.84 % at room temperature, charging voltage3.0～ 4.3 V,0.1 C rate charging, respectively and the surface of the material is smooth, it’s grains grow better, there are excess conductive carbon even attached to the material to improve the conductivity of the material.
Preparation and Ultra-Deep Hydrorefining Performance of Ni-P/Al2O3-ZrO2 Catalysts
Authors: Li Feng , Song Hua , Zhang Hua Yang
Published: May 2011

A series of Al2O3-ZrO2 (AZ-X) composite oxides with different ZrO2 contents were prepared by a chemical precipitation method. Ni-P/AZ-X catalysts were prepared by temperature-programmed reduction. The supports and catalysts were extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET. The effects of support composition and P/Ni molar ratios on the catalytic performance of the catalysts were investigated by thiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and pyridine hydrodenitrogenation (HDN). In comparison with Al2O3, Al2O3-ZrO2 (20 wt% ZrO2) composite oxide supported Ni-P catalyst exhibited higher activity and the activities of HDS and HDN increased by 7.5 % and 11.1 %, respectively. Studies of Ni-P/AZ-X catalysts with varying initial P/Ni molar ratios indicated that oxidic precursors with molar ratios of P/Ni = 2/1 yielded catalyst containing phase-pure Ni2P which exhibited optimal activity.
Modeling and Analysis of Static Water Feed Solid Polymer Water Electrolysis Cell
Authors: Lin Zhen , Wang Chang Hui , Liu Yu
Published: May 2011

A simple model specific to static water feed solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) water electrolysis cell is constructed containing Butler-Volmer equation for calculating electrode over potentials, Nernst equation for calculating thermodynamic voltage and water balance equation for solving membrane water content. Based on the model, the water content distribution of the membrane is obtained, and the operating current density limitation is shown. It is indicated that the operating current density limitation of static water feed SPE electrolysis cell is obviously lower than that of normal SPE electrolysis cell.
Research Progress of Electro-Oxidation Intensification Leaching for Refractory Ore
Authors: Liu Zuo Hua , Li Yan , Zhou Xiao Xia , Du Jun , Tao Chang Yuan
Published: May 2011

The electrochemical leaching technology for complex refractory ore was studied for its high flexibility, easy operation and little pollution. Several typical applications of electrochemical leaching technology for complex refractory ore were reviewed. It is pointed out that out-field intensification and multifield coupling technology was the development trend for ore processing.
Study and Application of EOR on Conventional Heavy Oil Reservoir
Authors: Xiao Chuan Min
Published: May 2011

According to the characters of conventional heavy oil reservoir, liquid and exploitation progress, displacement adjustment method was applied to reduce degression and enhance recovery. The experiment results showed the gel time could be controlled and the strength could be adjusted. The flooding oil rate was more 14.3％ than water flooding in the lab. The pilot test showed that the test effect of moveable gel flooding was significantly good, the accumulated incremental oil production of 6 well groups is 54756t, input-output ratio is 1: 4.1, which shows satisfactory effects in improving the water flooding effect in this conventional heavy oil reservoirs.
Effect of Hydro-Thermal Treatment with CaO Addition on the Coking Properties of Shengfu Coal
Authors: Zhou Hua , Chang Hong Tao , Shui Heng Fu , Wang Zhi Cai , Lin Chang Hui , Lei Zhi Ping , Ren Shi Biao , Kang Shi Gang
Published: May 2011

Shengfu (SF) coal was hydro-thermally treated with and without CaO addition at different temperatures and the crucible coking determinations were carried out to evaluate the effects. The results show that hydro-thermal treatment can obviously increase the micro-strength index (MSI) of the coke and particle coke strength after reaction (PSR), and decrease particle coke reactivity index (PRI), which are beneficial for metallurgical coke to increase the gas permeability in blast furnace. Addition of CaO during hydro-thermal treatment at 150-250°C greatly promotes the effects of hydro-thermal treatment. However, hydro-thermal treatment at 300°C with CaO results in dramatic decrease in MSI and PSR due to the enhanced hydrolysis reactions at this temperature by CaO to form strong cross-linking in the treated coal.
Synthesis of Four Monodimensional Medium-Pore Zeolites and their Hydroisomerization Performances of n-Dodecane
Authors: Liang Jun , Wang Fu Ping
Published: May 2011

SAPO-11, SAPO-41, ZSM-22, ZSM-12 were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD, SEM and NH3-TPD. Effects of pore channel, the number of acid sites and acid strength on hydroisomerization ofn-dodecane were examined over Pt-loaded corresponding zeolites. The results indicate that the selectivity to isomers in hydroisomerization ofn-dodecane is highly influenced by channel structure in zeolites and the conversion activity ofn-dodecane is dependent on acidity of zeolites. Monodimensional ten-ring molecular sieves are ideal catalytic materials for higher isomerization selectivity in hydroisomerization ofn-dodecane regardless of acid strength, such as SAPO-11, SAPO-41 and ZSM-22.
Preparation and Electrochemical Performances of Calcium Zincate Synthesized by Microwave Method
Authors: Tong Meng Liang , Liu Xuan Yan
Published: May 2011

Calcium zincate as an active material in Zn/Ni secondary battery has been successfully synthesized by microwave method. The chemical composition of Ca(OH)2·2Zn(OH)2·2H2O was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction pattern and weight loss in thermogravimetric analysis.The results of cyclic voltammetry and experimental Zn/Ni battery charge–discharge test showed that the material of calcium zincate had excellent electrochemical performances: a high discharging platform of 1.685 V and a good cycleability, discharge capacity would be 70.0% of initial capacity after circulated 120 times.
The Electrochemical Property of Cobalt Borate as a Novel Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery
Authors: Shi Xi Xi , Liu Xing Jiang , Yuan Liang Jie
Published: May 2011

Co2B2O5 was synthesized by the rheological phase treatment, followed by ball-milling and subsequent calcination in oxygen atmosphere. The electrochemical properties of this material as a negative electrode for lithium-ion battery were investigated. There are two plateaus with potentials at 0.83 and 0.75 V, respectively, on the first discharge curve. The initial discharge and charge capacities of Co2B2O5 are 1048 and 587 mAh g−1, respectively. The capacity retains 355 mAh g−1 after 10 cycles. The results indicate that Co2B2O5 has potential use in lithium-ion battery as a novel anode material.
Immobilization of Glucose Oxidase on L-lysine Modifided Chitosan
Authors: Xu Yu Ting , Dong Li Chun , Huang Da Fu , Xiao Yan , Zhou Xiao Hua
Published: May 2011

A L-lysine modified semi-crosslinked chitosan (LMCCT) beads was synthesized and demonstrated to be an excellent enzyme support by studying the enzymatic properties of glucose oxidases (GODs) immobilized on it. The prepared LMCCT beads have very larger BET specific surface ( 403 m2/g) and excellent chemical stability due to the semi-crosslinking of chitosan backbones. The insertion of the flexible L-lysine spacers between chitosan backbone and the active amino groups increases the activity of immobilized GODs (I-GODs) and improves the affinity of I-GODs towards the substrate, which was testified by the smaller Michaealis constant, Km and larger reactive rate, Vm of I-GODs on LMCCT than that on crosslinked chitosan. Further studies of I-GOD activity at varied temperature and pH also indicated that I-GOD on LMCCT has an excellent stability.
Mass Transfer Model for Extraction Process of L-Theanine across Bulk Liquid Membrane Containing Combined Carriers
Authors: Huang Du Shu , Huang Zhao Long , Xiao Rui Min , Li Zi Jing , Jiang Yan , Liu Wei
Published: May 2011

This paper deals with the extraction of L-theanine containing Aliquat 336 and Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate(P204) as combined carriers and cyclohexane as solvent across bulk liquid membrane. A mathematical model of transport process was deduced, the forward and the backward interfacial reaction rate constants between the feed phase, the receiving phase and the membrane phase were taken into account. Using the experimental results, several parameters of the proposed model have been achieved by a nonlinear fitting method. It is a simply mathematical model which can be easily used to predict the concentration of the extraction process.
Investigation of Calorimetric Method inside the Fermentation Process of Glutamic Acid
Authors: Tong Zheng Ming , Lu Jia Lei , Li Chao , Zhu Kai
Published: May 2011

In bioreactor, it often monitors some procedure parameters such as temperature, pH , and dissolved oxygen values to monitor fermentation process, but these parameters may be instability and delayed. Calorimetry hasn’t distinctiveness, virulence and doesn’t be sensitive to electrochemistry. So it can be used in some kind of culture fluid, even so it can be used in muddy fluid that photometers can’t be used in. Relative to other monitoring ways, calorimetry’s response time is short, so calorimetry is well suited to monitor bioprocesses on line. Calorimetry only needs normal standardize monitoring units, and this normal standardize monitoring units is be widely used in industry. Calorimetry as a simple alternative is beginning to be used in monitor bio-fermentation process.
Cage-Shape Macroporous/Mesoporous 3DOM SiO2 Immobilized Papain
Authors: Tian Jing Zhi , Jing Tao , Huang Xiao Ming , Zheng Yong Jie , Deng Qi Gang , Li Zhe
Published: May 2011

In this research, cage-shape macroporous/mesoporous three-dimensional-ordered material (3DOM) SiO2 was prepared using polystyrene colloidal crystal (PS) as template and TEOS as silica source, in which papain was immobilized. The optimal immobilization, the stability and the application of the immobilized papain were studied. Compared with the free papain, the immobilized papain exhibits higher activity. The thermal and pH stability of the immobilized papain obviously improved.
Thermostability Evolution of the Xylanase
Authors: Yang Yan Ling , Zhang Wei , Lian Hui Xiang , Huang Jia Dong , Li Heng , Wang Shi Hua
Published: May 2011

Xylanase (E.C 3.2.1.8) is a widespread group of enzyme which can catalyze the endohydrolysis of 1, 4-β-D-xylosidic linkages in xylan. The thermostable xylanase has attracted widely attention because of its application in industrial processes. In this study, the cDNA of xylanase gene was obtained fromAspergillus nigerC3486 by RT-PCR. The xylanase DNA contains a 50 bp intron through the comparison between the DNA and cDNA sequence. The thermostability of this xylanase was significantly improved by directed evolution.
Study on Biogas Production by Dry Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Animal Manure and Straw
Authors: Shi Li Jun , Ban Li Tong , Liu Hui Fen , Hao Jian Chao , Zhang Wei Yu
Published: May 2011

Dry anaerobic co-digestion of animal manure and straw was conducted to produce biogas. Startup characteristics and biogas production perform of dry digestion were studied, and the effect of operation temperature and incubation amount on dry digestion was also investigated. The study result showed that under the conditions of C/N=25-30, TS=20% and T=(36±1) °C,dry digestion can start up quickly with acclimated thickening sludge as incubation sludge. Compared to dry digestion of chicken manure and pig manure, dry digestion of cow manure proceeded steadily with high biogas yield. It is found that incubation is necessary in the process of dry digestion and biogas yield increases with more incubation amount. The appreciate incubation ratio is about 10%. Temperature change has apparent effect on biogas production, and it is suggested that mesophilic temperature should be chosen in the scaled project of dry digestion.
Amorphous Au Thin Films and their In Situ Crystallized Nanoparticles
Authors: Xiao Ling , Sun Yan Hua , Ding Chun Hua , Zhu Chao , Yu Lie
Published: May 2011

Two-phase thin solid films consisted of Au nanoparticles imbedded in an amorphous matrix were prepared via a series of galvanic replacement reactions between chloroauric acid solution and reducing metals. The Au nanoparticles were in situ crystallized from the amorphous films rather than precipitated from solution directly. Amorphous films with partly crystallized Au nanoparticles only existed stably in dilute chloroauric acid solution. The higher concentration of chloroauric acid evidently promoted the strain-induced crystallization process and accelerated the crystallization of amorphous films into Au nanoparticles with many stacking faults, twins and dislocations. The coexistence of amorphous and crystalline Au nanoparticles makes it possible to synthesize two-phase nanostructured films.
Emulsion Synthesis and Properties of Polyaniline Spherical Nanoparticles
Authors: Xing Yong Xu , Jia Shao Yi , Liu Yong , Wu Song Hai , Ren Hai Tao , Zhang Wei , Hou Jing Wei
Published: May 2011

In this article, the polyaniline(PANI) spherical nanoparticles were synthesized by the way of emulsion polymerization. The effects of emulsifier concentration on the morphology and electrical properties were systematic studied. The structure of PANI prepared by this method was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM). The electrochemical and capacitive behavior of PANI prepared by this way was systematically studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. The results showed that we obtained PANI spherical nanoparticles with diameter about 100nm and it had good electrochemical performance.
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon/Cobalt Oxide Composites as the Electrode Materials for Supercapacitor
Authors: Xu Jing Li , Liu Ping , Lu Yang , Zhao Jia Chang , Feng Ji Cheng , Song Yi Wen , Tang Bo He Jin
Published: May 2011

A series of ordered mesoporous carbon/cobalt oxide composites as electrode materials for supercapacitor were prepared via incipient wetness impregnation method. The results show that the structure and electrochemical properties of the composites depend mainly on the cobalt oxide loading amount in the ordered mesoporous carbon. The optimum loading amount of cobalt oxide is found to be 30 wt.%, and the composite derived from which exhibits 283.52 F/g of specific capacitance at the scan rate of 5 mV/s. The specific capacitances of which are higher than that of OMC and pure Co3O4 at every given scan rate, showing good synergetic effect.
Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ni/TiC Composites by Laser Induced Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
Authors: Li Yu Xin , Bai Pei Kang
Published: May 2011

Ni/TiC composites have been produced using laser induced self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. The chemical composition and microstructure were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The sintered density and mechanical properties such as bending strength and micro-hardness were also measured. The results showed that the synthesized products were consisted of TiC and Ni phases, which indicated that the TiC was synthesized by the in-situ reaction. Moreover, the results revealed that the sintered density increased and the micro-hardness and bending strength of the synthesized products gradually decreased with the increasing of Ni contents.
Formation of the Surface Oxide Film on as-Cast Mg-7Li Alloy
Authors: Li Jun Gang , Lv Ying , Li Mu Qin , Wei Zun Jie , Meng Xiang Cai
Published: May 2011

The excellent properties of Mg-Li alloys make them suitable light fabrication materials used extensively in many applications. The microstructure and the surface oxide film at different temperature of as-cast Mg-7Li alloy were investigated by optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electronic analytical balance. Results showed that Mg-7Li alloy was composed of mainly α phase and β phase. With increasing temperature, the morphology of the alloy surface varied from the formation of a very thin oxide film, large amounts of oxide particles to the thick and coarse film with a mass of cellular protuberances in size of 40-80μm. The ratio of oxidation weight gains rose from 0.08% to 11.58%. The surface oxide film consisted of mainly magnesium oxide(MgO) phase and lithium peroxide(Li2O2) phase, resulting from the reaction of oxygen with Mg and Li. The volume of the oxides on β phase greater than that on α phase led to the formation of cellular protuberance on the surface of Mg-7Li alloy at high temperature.
Transparent Glass-Ceramics Derived from Spontaneously Crystallized Phosphosilicte Glasses
Authors: Liu Shu Jiang , Zhang Yan Fei
Published: May 2011

Transparent phosphosilicate glass-ceramics were prepared by heating the spontaneously crystallized precursor glasses in which crystals have formed during cooling of the melts. And the effects of compositional variation on the crystalline phases, degree of crystallization and transparency were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that Mg2+ tends to exist in silicate-rich phase rather than phosphate-rich phase, such MgO is more beneficial to the transparency of phosphosilicate glass-ceremics compared to CaO. In addition, the substitution of P2O5 for SiO2 enhances the tendency of phase separation, and hence the precipitation of Na2MgSiO4 crystals for the precursor glasses as well as glass-ceramics with good transparency.
Application of High Volume Fly-Ash Concrete in Mining Roads
Authors: Zhu Kai , Zhang Li Ming
Published: May 2011

The fly ash has become a major industrial solid waste of emissions in China. Lots of fly ash will not only take the land directly but also pollutes the atmospheric environment seriously. As a mineral admixture, fly ash concrete can not only improve technical performance of concrete, but also make full use of the industrial waste. Moreover, it is significant to reduce energy, resource consumption and environment contamination. Experiments show that the performance of high volume fly-ash concrete is good for the need of pavement engineering. It has important social significance to apply high volume fly-ash concrete in mining roads.
Study on Synthesis of the High Aspect Ratios Nesquehonite Whiskers
Authors: Yan Ping Ke , Wang Bin , Gao Yu Juan
Published: May 2011

In this paper, nesquehonite whiskers were synthesized by low-temperature aqueous solution method, and the impacts of reaction temperature, reaction time and surfactant dosage and other factors on the maximum whisker length and high aspect ratios of nesquehonite whiskers were also investigated. Results showed that under the conditions that the reaction temperature was 40 – 50 °C the reaction time was 50 – 60min and the amount of surfactant dosage was 1% (by mass), high aspect ratios nesquehonite whisker products can be synthesized. On this basis, growth mechanism of the nesquehonite whiskers was discussed.
Analysis of Low Velocity Dense Phase Pneumatic Conveying System to Extend System Conveying Capability
Authors: Tan Sheng Ming , Chen Bin , Williams Kenneth Charles , Jones Mark Glynne
Published: May 2011

This paper reports the current development of technologies to analyse the conveying performance of bypass low velocity dense phase pneumatic conveying system for transporting powder bulk materials and slug flow low velocity dense phase pneumatic conveying system for transporting granular sized bulk materials. It reveals that the bypass system can be operated at a lowered air velocity than conventional pipe line and slug flow system can be also controlled to operate at a lower velocity zone. Hence these technologies have the potential to extend the conveying capability of a pneumatic conveying system to a broader range of materials, also provide better performance in reduction in pipe wear and product degradation.
Catalytic Ozonation for the Degradation of p-Chloronitrobenzene in Aqueous Solution by Pumice
Authors: Yuan Lei , Chen Zhong Lin , Liu Yue , Liu Yu
Published: May 2011

Catalytic ozonation of p-Chloronitrobenzene (pCNB) in aqueous solution has been carried out where pumice have been used as the catalysts. The presences of the catalysts significantly improve the degradation efficiency of pCNB and the utilization efficiency of ozone. The adsorption of pCNB is too small to make a significant contribution to the degradation of pCNB in either of the processes of catalytic ozonation by pumice. Addition of t-BuOH causes the obvious decrease of degradation efficiency, suggesting that degradation of pCNB follows the mechanism of hydroxyl radical (OH) oxidation. Some of the main operating variables like dosage of catalyst and reaction temperature exert a positive influence on the degradation efficiency of pCNB.
Transparent Poly(methyl methacrylate)/TiO2 Nanocomposites for UV-Shielding Applications
Authors: Meng Xiang Fu , Zhang Zhi Wei , Luo Nan
Published: May 2011

Transparent poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/TiO2 nanocomposites have been prepared by solution mixing PMMA with organically soluble titania xerogel. The organically soluble titania xerogel in the form of amorphous phase has been synthesized via a simple sol-gel method, involving hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and gelation. The obtained PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetry (TG) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that the interaction between titania nanoparticles and PMMA macromolecular chains led to a homogeneous dispersion of TiO2 in PMMA matrix. The resulting PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposites showed improved thermal stability, high transparency and high UV-shielding efficiency with a small amount of titania xerogel (£3.0 wt%). The present work is of interest for developing a series of transparent UV-shielding nanocomposites.
Improvement on Impact Strength of the Nylon 1010 Injection Products with Inlay
Authors: Zhang Jia Min , Zhu Ming Yi , Lian Zhao Xun
Published: May 2011

Combining the characteristics of silver inserts, it was tested that its molding process and impact strength from the PA1010 injection molding product's craft. A kind of effective method was found that make sure silver embedded parts not occur surface color as injection heat and determined the reasonable injection molding craft. Meanwhile measuring impact strength of the nylon 1010 injection molding products through the impact test, It was discovered that injection products could well meet the assembly convenient, reliable and the electric conduction needs after inserting the embedded parts in the PA1010 injection molding products. Against molding defects of PA1010 injection molding products and influencing factors of the impact strength, the corresponding analysis was made.
The Preparation of Bioactive Glass Microspheres in W/O Emulsion
Authors: Liu Qun Feng , Yuan Bo , Chen Xiao Feng
Published: May 2011

The emulsion combining sol-gel method was used to prepare spherical bioactive glass in the present work. This method involves a two-stage synthesis process: the pre-hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in an aqueous acidic solution using templates, and afterward the fabrication of silica spheres by pH induced rapid gelation in a W/O emulsion. Through controlling the two stages separately, the particle size and morphology of silica spheres can be adjusted. These results indicated that emulsion method could supply a good way to prepare glass microspheres.
Reactive Grafting of Glycidyl Methacrylate onto Poly (Ethylene-1-Octene)
Authors: Shao Hui Ju , Guo Jian Bing , Li Yang Jun , Yu Jie , Qin Shu Hao
Published: May 2011

Poly (ethylene-1-octene) (POE) was functionalized to varying degrees with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) by melt grafting processes. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and 1H NMR spectra confirmed that glycidyl methacrylate was successfully grafted onto the POE. When dicumyl peroxide(DCP)concentration was around 4‰ high graft degree was obtained. The data from GPC measure demonstrates that POE chains degraded during grafting process.
Studies on Microstructure and Property of Material of SiCp/Gr/ Mixed and Reinforced Aluminum-Based Composites Prepared by Semi-Solid Pouring Method
Authors: You Zhi Yong , Wang Zhuo , Hou Li Feng , Wei Ying Hui
Published: May 2011

SiCp/Gr/ZL101 aluminum-based composites is prepared by semi-solid stirring and gravity pouring method. The effects of SiCp/Gr with different volume fractions on the microstructure and property of aluminum-based composites are studied by means of microstructure observation, tensile test, fracture scanning and analysis and damping capacity test and analysis. The results show that the primary phase α-Al of ZL101 alloy prepared by semi-solid stirring and gravity pouring method is fragmented dentrite，along with the rising SiCp volume fractions, the tensile strength of the composites first increases and then decreases while its elongation gradually decreases, the maximum tensile strength of the material can reach to 168MPa, up to 16% than that of ZL101 alloy, the fracture morphology is obvious brittle fracture. They also show that the addition of SiCp and Gr improves the damping capacity of ZL101alloy, the internal dissipation Q-1 of the composites is obviously higher than that of matrix alloy and gradually increases along with the rising SiCp volume fractions. The damping mechanism of the composites is mainly the combined effects of both dislocation damping and interfacial damping.
A New Type of Organic Ferroelectric Material Based on Maleopimaric Acid Anhydride
Authors: Sui Yan , Liu Dong Sheng , Hu Rong Hua
Published: May 2011

In this paper, maleopimaric acid anhydride (MPA) has been synthesized by the Diels-Alder addition reaction between abietic acid and maleic anhydride. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that MPA crystallizes in the polar space group P21 and contains one MPA and one DMF (Dimethylformamide) molecule in the asymmetric unit. MPA is firstly found to be a new type of low-molecular-mass organic ferroelectric with the saturation spontaneous polarization (Ps) about 60.0-61.6 μC·cm-2 for single crystal samples, which is close to that of typical inorganic ferroelectric materials. MPA·DMF also shows second-order NLO property, with the second harmonic generation (SHG) responses approximately 0.5 times that of urea.
Effects of Gd and Er on the Ignition-Proof Properties of Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Wang Zhao Hui , Wang Xu Dong , Li Shu Bo , Du Wen Bo
Published: May 2011

The effects of Gd and Er on ignition-proof behavior of magnesium alloys were investigated. The XRD, SEM and EDS were used to study the ignition-proof performance, oxide products and oxide layer morphology of these alloys. The results indicate that the proper addition of Gd and Er can increase the ignition point of the magnesium alloy. The better ignition-proof property can be obtained after the addition of Er in the Mg-Gd alloy. The mechanism of ignition-proof of magnesium alloy containing Gd and Er are also discussed in this work.
Pulse Electrodeposited Nanocrystalline Ni-W-Fe-La Alloys as Hydrogen Electrocatalytic Materials
Authors: Liu Zheng , Zhang Jing Di , Zhou Ying Zhi , Zhang Xue Hui
Published: May 2011

Nanocrystalline Ni-W-Fe-La alloys coatings were prepared by pulse electrodeposition. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scan electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to characterize the products, which average particle size of 17 nm and have special properties such as array densification, uniformity and crack-free surface. The linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and neutral salt spray test demonstrated the coatings have good catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution and corrosion resistance.
Effects of Trace Elements on the Formation of Spheroidal Graphite in Ductile Iron
Authors: Diao Xiao Gang , Ning Zhi Liang , Cao Fu Yang , Ren Shan Zhi , Sun Jian Fei
Published: May 2011

Spheroidal graphite was obtained by direct quenching iron melt atfter spheroidization and inoculation procedures. The morphology and the effects of trace elements on the formation of spheroidal graphite were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Results indicate that all the graphite fixed by quenching, is nearly spheroidal with a diameter of approximately 20μm. In addition, the SEM image of graphite morphology confirms the screwed growth model of spheroidal graphite. The linear distribution of trace elements shows that the nucleus of spheroidal graphite consists of antimony, cerium, magnesium and sulfur element. Meanwhile, trace elements, such as antimony, cerium and magnesium, enrich around graphite nodule, which facilitates the formation of spheroidal graphite.
Study of the Molecular Hydrogen- Zeolites Interaction
Authors: Du Xiao Ming , Huang Yong , Wu Er Dong
Published: May 2011

An expression of monolayer capacity for hydrogen adsorption was derived on the basis of Ono-Kondo lattice theory. And then, the interaction energies between hydrogen molecules and pore surface atoms in the zeolite were calculated by using Lennard-Jones (12-6) potential model for spherical pores. The results show that the monolayer capacity is dependent on adsorbate–adsorbent and adsorbate–adsorbate interaction energies, and that the interaction energies of hydrogen-zeolite agree with the previously reported isosteric heat of hydrogen on zeolites.
Biodegradable Behaviors of Mg-6%Zn-5%Hydroxyapatite Biomaterial
Authors: Zhao Jun , Yu Zhi Ming , Yu Kun , Chen Liang Jian
Published: May 2011

The Mg-6%Zn-5%Hydroxyapatite (HA) biomaterial had been prepared through powder metallurgy method in this investigation. The mechanical properties and biodegradable behaviors of the Mg-Zn-HAcomposite in simulated body fluid were studied. The Mg-Zn-HA specimens obtained appropriate density, adjustable elastic modulus and compatible strength to natural bones. Immersion corrosion experiments revealed that 5wt% addition of HA in Mg-6%Zn alloy exhibited acceptable corrosion rates in simulated body fluid. The Mg matrix, Mg7Zn3 phase and HA are identified in the experimental composite. The Mg(OH)2 and Hydroxyapatite were found on the corrosion products in the simulated body fluid.
Influence of Ultrasonic on the Property of Electroless Plating Ni-Cu -P Alloy Coating at Low Temperature
Authors: Sun Hua , Liu Ke Gao , Ma Hong Fang , Feng Li Ming
Published: May 2011

The action mechanism of ultrasonic was investigated when the ultrasonic wave as a new kind of energy importation way was introduced in the technology of electroless plating at low temperature. Compared with common electroless plating coatings, influence factors of improving the properties of the Ni-Cu-P Alloy coating under ultrasonic were analyzed through hardness, dense nitric acid spot testing metallographic structure observation and EDS. Experimental results show that, under the effect of ultrasonic, the obtained Ni-Cu-P coating has more fine crystal grain, even and dense surface morphology. Its corrosion resistance and hardness have been improved obviously.
Magnetic Characterization of SUS316L Deformed by High Pressure Torsion
Authors: Wang Hong Cai , Umemoto Minoru , Shuro Innocent , Todaka Yoshikazu , Kuo Ho Hung
Published: May 2011

SUS316L austenitic stainless steel was subjected to severe plastic deformation (SPD) by the method of high pressure torsion (HPT). From a fully austenitic matrix (γ), HPT resulted in phase transformation from g®a¢. The largest volume fraction of 70% a¢ was obtained at 0.2 revolutions per minute (rpm) while was limited to 3% at 5rpm. Pre-straining of g by HPT at 5rpm decreases the volume fraction of a¢ obtained by HPT at 0.2rpm. By HPT at 5rpm, a¢®g reverse transformation was observed for a¢ produced by HPT at 0.2rpm.
Influence of Heat Treatment Condition on Low Cycle Fatigue Life of a Rolled AZ80 Magnesium Alloy Sheet
Authors: Wang Zhong Jun
Published: May 2011

In this paper, the influence of ageing and solution treatment on the low cycle fatigue behavior of a rolled AZ80 magnesium alloy sheet was investigated at constant total strain amplitudes between 0.003 and 0.01. It was observed that fatigue life of the alloy sheet at as-rolled, ageing and solution treatment conditions can be described well by Coffin-Manson and Basquin’s equations. The fatigue parameters follow the two equations were evaluated. With increasing total strain amplitude, the fatigue life of the three conditions decreased. At the lowest total strain amplitude of 0.003, the fatigue life of the as-rolled alloy sheet was the biggest. However, at the highest total strain amplitude of 0.01, the fatigue life of solution treated alloy sheet was the biggest, and that of the ageing treated alloy sheet was the shortest.
Experiment Research of Halogen-Free Flame Retardant System for Oil-Extended SEBS
Authors: Li Xiao Yan , Wang Xia
Published: May 2011

By using Bisphenol A bis (diphenyl) phosphate ester (BDP) and a kind of Intumescent Flame Retardant (IFR) as Halogen-free Flame Retarding (HFFR), flame retarded oil-extended hydrogenated styrene-butylenes-styrene (SEBS) were prepared. The samples were systemically characterized by TGA, LOI and FESEM; influence of BDP and IFR for oil-extended SEBS was compared. The results showed that BDP can improve thermal decomposition temperature of SEBS; while the IFR retardant can produce remarkable residual chars to improve SEBS’s decomposition temperature; meanwhile BDP and the IFR retardant can bring synergistic effects in the flame retardancy for the oil-extended SEBS.
Optimization of Texturization on Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cell
Authors: Gou Xian Fang , Wang Peng , Jiang Li Kai , Song Shuang , Xu Ying
Published: May 2011

Alkaline etchants was a conventional process in monocrystalline silicon texturing. In the paper, A new etchant,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate (CH3(CH2)10CH2SO3Na) solution, was firstly applied to texture monocrystalline silicon used for solar cells. Uniform pyramids about 2µm in the wafer of monocrystalline silicon were formed with low concentration of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate (CH3(CH2)10CH2SO3Na)at 75°C for 20min. This etchant has a lot of advantage, such as low cost, no pollution and good reproducibility, so maybe is suitable for the 1arge-scale production．
Pervaporation Dehydration of Aqueous Ethanol Solution with Zeolite-Filled Poly (vinyl Alcohol) Composite Membranes
Authors: Huang Zhen , Guo Yu Hua , Guo Gui Mei , Teng Li Jun
Published: May 2011

Pervaporation performances of three –layer zeolite-filled poly (vinyl alcohol) composite membranes have been investigated for ethanol dehydration. Compared the neat polymer counterparts, high separation factor and high fluxes are both achieved by these membranes, indicating that ethanol/water separation is enhanced with the zeolites. Zeolites used include 3A, 4A, 5A, NaX, NaY, silicalite-1 and Beta. Through evaluating separation factor, ethanol flux and total pervaporation flux, separation performances of composite membranes are elucidated in detail in terms of the zeolite pore size, its hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature as well as its crystal framework.
Improving the Precision of Moisture Content Detection by Use of Electrical Resistance Method
Authors: Zhou Qiao Fang , Cai Ying Chun , Huang Miao Xiang
Published: May 2011

Moisture content of Quercus mongolica Fisch was detected by use of electrical resistance method under 30~80°C, and the real moisture content of it was obtained with weight method. Based on experimental data two empirical models were established among real moisture content, temperature and measured moisture content which were detected by moisture content apparatus with temperature compensated and without temperature compensated, respectively. Results indicated that measured moisture content of Quercus mongolica Fisch had a good agreement with the real moisture content after the measured moisture content was corrected by any of the above two empirical models under 30~80°C and 7~29% moisture content.
Electrodeposition of PANI/MnO2 Composite on SnO2/Ti Substrate for Supercapacitor Electrode
Authors: Zhang Ya Kun , Li Jian Ling , Gao Fei , Wang Xin Dong
Published: May 2011

A layer of MnO2 was loaded between the SnO2/Ti substrate and the layer of PANI via a potentiodynamic electrodeposition. Electrochemical tests such as cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge were applied to investigate the performance of the electrodes. The morphologies of the electrodes were also observed to identify the effect of the MnO2 layer. The specific capacitance of PANI with MnO2 reached to 601.48 F g-1 at a current density of 0.1 mA cm-2, which is 1.69 times as that of PANI electrodes without MnO2 layer. This gratifying result may due to the synergistic effect between MnO2 layer and PANI.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Film
Authors: Xu Na , Shen Xiao Dong , Cui Sheng
Published: May 2011

The electrochromic PANI film was prepared by emulsion polymerization with dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid (DBSA) as dopant and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. Ultrasonic dispersion was adopted in the polymerization. The electrochemical properties, the surface morphology and structure of the prepared PANI film was characterized by means of Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), cyclic voltammograms (CV) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), respectively. The relationship between the morphology and properties of PANI film was detailedly discussed. The PANI film exhibited an excellent electrochromism with reversible color changes form yellow to purple. The PANI film also had quite good reaction kinetics with fast switching speed, and the response time for oxidation and reduction were 65 ms and 66 ms, respectively.
Study on Techniques of Elastic Clamping and Plastic Cutting
Authors: Liu Yun Yu
Published: May 2011

Deformation problem is solved, using approach of elastic clamping in metal machining process, The way eliminate deformation of part that was given rise to because of very large clamping force; It Improves the accuracy of parts. Plastic cutting is the use of plastic deformation behavior of materials, It not only was used to control cutting force to reduce energy consumption in metal processing, and as much as possible to eliminate the work hardening phenomenon, but also minimize the possibility of plastic deformation of tool, increased tool life. Used the tensile test of materials of 2Cr13, It was on the basis of determining limit values of the clamping force and cutting force in the cutting spindle; It was based on the experimental stress values; through test of cutting of spindle of materials of 2Cr13. It was verified that technology of the elastic clamping and plastic cutting not only can greatly improve of accuracy and efficiency of machining of the parts, but also as the necessary conditions of realization of part of trace, high-speed, precision cutting.
Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Benzotriazoliumionic Liquid in Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Wang Hong Mei , Huang Ke Long , Zhu Zhi Ping
Published: May 2011

The inhibiting behavior of 1-ethyl-3-butylbenzotriazolium ionic liquids，[C2Bt][Br] ,on mild steel corrosion in 5 wt.% HCl as corroding solution was investigated using weight loss，potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance measurements. The obtained results indicated that [C2Bt][Br] is a good inhibitor for the mild steel in 5 wt.% HCl solution. The inhibition efficiency increased with an increase of inhibitive concentration. Potentiodynamic polarization data indicated that the [C2Bt][Br] acted essentially as a mixed-type inhibitor. The electrochemical impedance study showed that corrosion inhibition took place by adsorption.
Formation of Antithermal Shock Composite Membrane on Aluminum Alloy through Anodic Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Li Wei , Chen Ji Da , Xie Bin , Qiu Zhi Ping , Bu Juan , Zhang Na
Published: May 2011

In order to improve antithermal shock of anodic oxidation membrane on aluminum alloy for heat dissipation substrate of high-power integrated circuit, an organic/inorganic composite membrane on aluminum alloy was investigated through one-trip anodic oxidation. The microstructure, ingredient and performance of composite membrane was characterized through scanning electron microscope(SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer(EDS), microscopic hardness meter, dielectric withstand test station and so on. The results indicated that the structure of composite membrane formed on aluminum alloy 6061 was multilayers piled up of bar-like pieces, which was definately different from traditional anodic oxidation membrane. The breakdown voltage and hardness were 1400V and 282 HV respectively, which were little lower than 1600V and 394HV of traditional anodic oxidation membrane. Composite membrane has a high resistivity in the order of 1014Ω×cm, which was equal to that of traditional anodic oxidation membrane. However, the antithermal shock properties of composite membrane were more excellent than traditional ones, its did not change after processing 10 cycles of heat/cool treatment. In contrast, the resistivity and configure of traditionals changed significantly. In conclusion, the composite membrane formed with one-trip anodic oxidation possessed good insulation, high antithermal shock, as well as breakdown voltage, which is potential for application as heat disspation substrate in high-power integrated circuit.
The Stability of a-Si:H Thin Films in Different Environment
Authors: Yang Pu Lei , Zhao Qing Nan , Liu Ying , Yuan Wen Hui , Wang Wei Yuan
Published: May 2011

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films were deposited on glass substrates with silane (SiH4) gas and hydrogen using RF-PECVD method at different power. The phase structure of the films was measured with Raman spectrometer and Panalytical X'Pert PRO X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The optical properties and surface morphology of the films were measured using Shimadzu UV-3600 spectrophotometer and optical digital microscope, respectively. The effects of the environment, including salt water, tap water, acid solution and temperature, on the stability of the films were investigated. The results showed that the phase structures of the films were amorphous, the films can be eroded under salt water and tap water environment, the corrosion resistant stability was improved with increasing the power, the films under acid solution environment appear good corrosion resistant properties, the influence of the environment temperature on the film properties is little. The results had been discussed.
Preparation and Photoluminescence Properties of Nd 3+ -Doped Silicate Glasses
Authors: Song Zhao Yuan
Published: May 2011

The glass samples of SiO2-Al2O3-CdO-Li2O-K2O-Na2O with different Nd3+-doped concentration by high - temperature solid-state reaction method were fabricated and the absorption spectrums as well as down-conversion fluorescence spectrums were tested. The experiments confirmed that a strong fluorescence emission at the wavelength of 1064 nm were obtained with pumped wavelength of 514 nm, 532 nm and 808 nm respectively in Nd3+ -doped cadmium silicate glasses.
Study on the Preparation and Properties of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Biodegradable Polymer Blend
Authors: Peng Hsin Chih , Kuan Chen Feng , Chen Chia Hsun , Lin Kun Chang , Kuan Hsu Chiang
Published: May 2011

The preparation of multi-walled carbon nanotube/polylactide (PLA)/Ecoflex® biodegradable composites is described. Three modifiers, maleic anhydride ,methyl methacrylate and vinyltrimethoxysilane , were utilized to modify multiwall carbon nanotube. The dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotube was enhanced by covalent or hydrogen bonding between modified multi-walled carbon and biodegradable blend. The tensile strengths of pristine PLA/Ecoflex® resin and 4 wt% modified multi-walled carbon composites are 68 kgf/cm2 and 257 kgf/cm2, respectively (representing a difference of 380%). High electrical conductivity can be achieved at a low carbon nanotube loading. When 1wt% modified multi-walled carbon was added to PLA/Ecoflex® matrix, the surface resistance of the composite fell from 1.46×1016 to 7.88 × 102 Ω/Υ (by 1013 order).
Study of Properties of Ni-Base Nano-ZrO2 Composite Plating Coatings
Authors: Zhang Lei , Sun Ben Liang , Wang Lin , Xu Yang , Li Yang , Shen Xin
Published: May 2011

The surface of copper plate of the mold need to be reinforced to obtain the plating coatings with high hardness and corrosion resistant properties. Nowadays, Ni-base alloy coatings is used widely in the industrial production. In order to raise the service life of mold, the experiments on the property of Ni-base nano ZrO2 composite plating coatings was done in this paper. The experiments were planned with the orthogonal test design method. The effective factors on the property of coatings, bath temperature, cathode current density, the distance between two electrodes and the magnitude of Nano-ZrO2,were experimentally studied. The optimum process parameter were obtained. The results show that the composite plating layer of Ni-base Nano ZrO2 with good properties can be obtained.The optimal conditions are as follows: the bath temperature is 40 °C, cathode current density is 3A/dm2, the distance between two electrodes is 12 cm, the magnitude of Nano-ZrO2 is 12g/L. In addition binding strength of the coatings were measured quantitatively, and the structure of the plating layer were observed with SEM. The layer with good properties can be obtained in this method.