bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gluteus Maximus Tendon Reference: A Novel Method to Restore Leg Length in Total Hip Arthroplasty With Femoral Bone Loss
Authors: Ames Andrew R. , Meyers Amy L. , Ballard Eric T. , Sorscher Michael J.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Accurate restoration of leg length and proximal femoral geometry is essential for achieving satisfactory outcomes in both primary and revision total hip arthroplasty. Although common landmarks such as the greater trochanter and the lesser trochanter (LT) may be used to measure limb length intraoperatively in primary cases, these landmarks may be absent or disrupted in fractures and revision procedures. We propose the distance between the gluteus maximus tendon gluteal sling (GS) and the center of the femoral head (FHC) as a novel anatomic landmark beyond the zone of injury, which can be used to restore limb length in the setting of proximal femoral bone loss or fracture.

Methods:

One hundred healthy hips were retrospectively reviewed using MRI to determine the distance between the proximal edge of the GS and the FHC. Additional measurements were collected including the distance between the GS and the greater trochanter and LT, as well as the FHC to the LT and greater trochanter.

Results: The distance between the GS and the femoral head was consistent and measured 8.0 cm (±1.88 cm, SD = 0.66). A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.37, P < 0.001) was observed between patient height and GS to FHC distance.

Discussion:

The distance between the GS and the center of the femoral head consistently measures 8 cm and can be used to set implant height to restore proximal femoral geometry and leg length in total hip arthroplasty with proximal femoral bone loss.
Government Expenditure and Agricultural Sector Output in Nigeria
Authors: Ukpong Utitofon Morgan , Uduak Akpabio , Ekere S A , Akpan E O
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine how government spending affects the output of the agricultural sector in Nigeria. This study deals with Nigeria’s government spending and agricultural sector output (1990-2020). Data for the study was sourced through the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin 2020 as a secondary means. This study adopted the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) multiple regression method to analyze the data. Real gross domestic product was used as the dependent variable. At the same time, government expenditure on administration, government expenditure on social and community services, and government expenditure on economic services formed the independent variables. From the findings, it was discovered that the variables were positively insignificant to agricultural sector output at a 5% level of significance. Therefore, we conclude that government expenditure does not affect the agricultural sector output in Nigeria. Hence, it was recommended that the federal government of Nigeria through the Central Bank, should strengthen the banking sector to ensure an improved and efficient credit flow to the agricultural sectors because of its strategic importance in stimulating the growth and development of an economy.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Recently Isolated from Broiler Farms
Authors: Sallam Hamdi , Saleh Mostafa , Zanaty Ali
Published: December 2022

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease that causing high economic losses among poultry farms. The disease is caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that frequently reported in Egypt although of intensive vaccination. Continuous genetic characterization of the virus along with detection of genetic variations in relation to the vaccine strains, are important for proper disease control. Clinical samples were collected from broiler farms in six Egyptian governorates during 2020−2022. NDV was isolated on embryonated chicken egg and identified by real time reverse transcriptase-PCR. Nineteen NDV isolates namely (HS1NDV−HS19NDV) were identified by RT-PCR and deposited on GeneBank database under the accession nos. (OP588159−OP588177). All the isolates found to be velogenic according to the amino acid sequences of the cleavage sits (GRRQKRF). In addition these strains were assigned under genotype VII and sub-genotype VII.1.1. In relation to vaccine strains, comparison of amino acids deduced from partially sequenced fusion gene revealed amino acid substitutions in fusion peptides that are essential in initiation of viral fusion with the host cell membrane. Moreover, HS3NDV had one amino acid substitution that was found in HR1 which shares in formation of the conserved six-helix bundles, that their assembly is tightly joined to the membrane fusion.
NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM NOVEL MENGURAI RINDU KARYA NANG SYAMSUDDIN
Authors: Aprimadedi Aprimadedi
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh berbagai kasus yang terjadi di Indonesia belakangan ini. Kasus korupsi dan kekerasan terhadap anak dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan. Untuk meminimalisasi kasus tersebut dibutuhkan penanaman kembali nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter semenjak dini. Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel dapat dijadikan bahan pembelajaran di sekolah. Setelah penulis baca novel Mengurai Rindu karya Nang Syamsuddin, penulis menemukan banyak nilai-nilai pendidkan karakter.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan motode analisis isi dan pendekatan karya satra yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan mimesis. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah ujaran tokoh, tindakan tokoh, dan paparan narator yang mengandung nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Mengurai Rindu karya Nang Syamsuddin. Data yang terkumpul kemudian diidentifikasi dan diklasifikasi berdasrkan teori yang digunakan. Selanjutnya setiap setiap data yang terkumpul berdasarkan indikasi nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dibahas satu persatu.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang terdapat dalam novel Mengurai Rindu karya Nang Syamsuddin. Data yang ditemukan yaitu; (1) 34 data yang mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter jujur, (2) 12 data yang mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter cerdas, (3) 47 data yang mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter peduli, dan (4) 12 data yang mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter tangguh.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang paling sering ditemukan dalam novel Mengurai Rindu karya Nang Syamsuddin adalah nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter peduli, sedangkan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang paling sedikit ditemukan adalah nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter cerdas dan tangguh.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Siswa pada Materi Geometri dikelas VI SD IT Inayah Ujung Batu
Authors: Mardongan Khoirul
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bermaksud kepada analisis kesukaran belajar peserta didik derajat VI Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Inayah Ujung Batu dalam menjawab soal geometri yang hasilnya akan dilihat pada kesukaran beserta aspek-aspek dalam menimbulkan kesukaran muatan pembelajaran matematika dalam topik diskusi geometri. Desain penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dimana penelitian ini dipusatkan dalam suatu gejala serupa beserta mengetahui secara menyeluruh, dan membiarkan gejala-gejala lainnya. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis. Kemudian pendekatan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pendekatan percobaan yang menggambarkan suatu hal. Hasil penelitian ini bertujuan dalam memahami tentang kesukaran peserta didik, hasil penelitian ini  bisa dijadikan sebagai data dalam pengembangan suatu masalah utama dari pelajaran geometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan belajar siswa kelas VI dalam memahami geometri adalah: 1 para siswa kurang mampu memahami materi geometri dikarenakan sebagian pembelajaran dilakukan secara online. 2  kesukaran pada memahami rancangan. 3. Peserta didik kesukaran pada penggunaan prinsip. 4 Kesulitan peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan verbal.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PAKEM PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI KELAS I
Authors: Musiatun Musiatun
Published: December 2022

Pembelajaran akan lebih bermakna bila peserta didik tidak hanya menerima materi begitu saja dari guru, tetapi peserta didik juga harus aktif menemukan pengetahuannya sendiri, sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar. Dalam proses pembelajaran, peserta didik kelas III SDN 105/VIII Sidorukun masih cenderung pasif, peserta didik kurang mampu mengingat informasi yang disajikan guru, model pembelajaran yang digunakan kurang variasi, penggunaan alat bantu peraga juga jarang digunakan, hasil belajar peserta didik rendah dalam terlihat dari UH, sehingga perlu penerapan PAKEM. Tujuan menggunakan model PAKEM yaitu agar peserta didik berperan aktif, menyenangkan, efektif, dan lebih memberi kesempatan terhadap peserta didik untuk mengembangkan potensinya saat  pembelajaran sedang berlangsung. Jenis Penelitian ini ialah penelitian tindakan kelas, dengan model PAKEM . Tahap penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, refleksi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini ialah: (1) Lembar penilaian aktivitas peserta didik dan guru (3) LKS; (4) soal validasi tes evaluasi. Subjek penelitian tindakan kelas ini yaitu peserta didik kelas III (Tiga) SDN 105/VIII Sidorukun  yang berjumlah 34 peserta didik tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar IPA pada peserta didik kelas III SDN 105/VIII Sidorukun  pada siklus I sebesar 62 dengan persentase 54.54% atau hanya 18 peserta didik yang tuntas dari 34 peserta didik, Pada siklus ke II nilai hasil belajar peserta didik diperoleh rata-rata 82 dengan persentase 82% atau hanya 28 peserta didik yang tuntas. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat maka bisa dikatakan bahwa melalui penerapan model PAKEM pada proses belajar, maka ketuntasan nilai belajar serta keaktifan peserta didik bisa meningkat.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas VII C SMP Negeri 1 Koto Baru pada Materi Garis dan Sudut
Authors: Widiastuti Widiastuti
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pemberian tugas atau latihan, hanya sebagian anak yang mau mencari jawaban untuk menjawab soal yang dianggap sulit bagi mereka. Siswa yang tidak mau berusaha atau malas mencari jawaban, hanya menjawab sembarangan sehingga hasil belajar siswa masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar Matematika siswa melalui strategi pembelajaran kooperatif  tipe Problem Based Learning (PBL) kelas VII C SMP Negeri 1 Koto Baru pada materi bentuk Garis dan Sudut. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Data penelitian ini berupa informasi tentang proses dan data hasil tindakan yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dan tes. Subjek peneliti adalah guru, peneliti dan siswa kelas VII C yang berjumlah 30 orang. Hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif  tipe Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada siklus I dan II mengalami peningkatan, dimana nilai rata-rata pada siklus I diperoleh rata-rata 66,33 dan siklus II dengan rata-rata 89,00. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif  tipe Problem Based Learning (PBL) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII C SMP Negeri 1 Koto Baru.
Penerapan Media Audio Visual untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi Pada Kelas VII
Authors: Samiyatun Samiyatun
Published: December 2022

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini ada yaitu, Bagaimanakah Penerapan media audio visual dalam pembelajaran menulis puisi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan media audio visual dalam pembelajaran menulis puisi pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Muara Bungo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap, yaitu tahap siklus I dan tahap siklus II. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Kemampuan Menulis Puisi menggunakan teknik objek langsung. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik tes dan non tes. Teknik tes berupa hasil Kemampuan Menulis Puisi dan teknik nontes berupa data perilaku siswa dari hasil observasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data kuantitatif. Teknik tersebut dianalisis dengan membandingkan hasil tes dan nontes siklus I dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi menggunakan media audio visual. Nilai rata-rata pada siklus I sebesar 72,79. Nilai rata-rata siswa pada siklus II sebesar 76,89. Sedangkan persentase ketuntasan siklus I sebesar 68,97% dan siklus II sebesar 79,31 ini artinya penelitian ini tidak dilanjutkan ke siklus selanjutnya karena sudah mencapai ketuntasan sebesar 75%. Perubahan tingkah laku siswa juga menjadi lebih baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, penulis menyarankan agar guru menggunakan berbagai macam media untuk kemajuan pembelajaran nantinya.
A Study of Women's Health Information Seeking Behavior (30 to 50 Years) in Kermanshah
Authors: Gharegouzloei Maryam , Zare Amin , Heidari Gholamreza
Published: December 2022

Background: Women play a decisive role in various aspects of family health, therefore their access to and using the documented health information in order to manage the family is very important. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the health information seeking behavior in 30 to 50 years old women of Kermanshah city. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey was conducted with among women aged 30 to 50 years in Kermanshah city, in western Iran. Sample size based on Cochran's formula was determined as 383 people. Participants were invited and recruited through social media. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts consisting of information and communication science specialists, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.783. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and independent t-test in SPSS software version 24. Results: The results showed that the main purpose of participants for health information seeking behavior (HISB) was to know about the type of diseases. Among the health information resources, the most use belonged to Internet resources (website), national media (health channel in TV), people around (family members), social networks (telegram), doctors (specialist doctor) and print sources (books). Health information seeking behaviors were not differ according to demographic variables including marital status, level of education, income level, and area of residence. Conclusions: Heavy use of internet resources, few visits to doctors, and less reading of books are challenging for health information seeking because non-specialized and undocumented information may be used. Officials should provide internet resources and virtual media with rich and documented information in order to develop community health by women.
Knowledge dan Religiusitas Sebagai Impactor Minat Membayar Zakat Profesi bagi Aparatur Sipil Negeri
Authors: Ghoni Abdul , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Paturohman Paturohman
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh pengetahuan zakat dan religiusitas terhadap minat membayar zakat profesi Aparatur Sipil Negeri  Dinas Kesehatan Kota Cirebon. Kajiannya dilatar belakangi oleh minimnya capaian zakat profesi di Kota Cirebon.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pengetahuan zakat dan religiusitas terhadap minat membayar zakat profesi Aparatur Sipil Negeri  Dinas Kesehatan Kota Cirebon .

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode angket. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan data tentang pengetahuan zakat (X1), religiusitas (X2) dan minat membayar zakat profesi (Y). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian simple random sampling. Data penelitian yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi dengan menggunakan program IBM SPSS statistic 24.

Selanjutnya hasil dari perhitungan statistik dengan koefisien korelasi dan analisis regresi, dimana terdapat korelasi yang positif antara pengetahuan zakat (X1) dengan minat (Y) dengan nilai r = 0,424 pada taraf signifikan 5% ini berarti signifikan. Selanjutnya terdapat juga korelasi antara religiusitas (X2) dengan minat membayar zakat (Y) adalah 0,402. Sementara itu, hasil uji F (simultan) menunjukan bahwa F hitung > F tabel dimana 18,902 > 3,07 yang berarti bahwa pengetahuan zakat dan religiusitas berpengaruh positif terhadap minat membayar zakat profesi Aparatur Sipil Negeri Dinas Kesehatan Kota Cirebon .

Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan informasi dan bahan masukan dalam meningkatkan capaian zakat profesi di Kota Cirebon.
Pengaruh Promosi Sekolah terhadap Keputusan Calon Siswa Baru dalam Pemilihan SMAK St. Petrus Kewapante
Authors: Ningsih Natalia Wahyu , Djonu Haji Amir , Rahman Nurdin Haji Abdul
Published: December 2022

Jika promosi yang diberikan dapat menarik calon siswa tentunya akan berkelanjutan pada keputusan orang tua siswa dalam pemilihan sekolah. Tetapi pada 3 tahun terakhir berdasarkan data dan informasi yang didapat bahwa jumlah minat para siswa yang memilih untuk masuk ke SMAK Santo Petrus mengalami penurunan, sehingga peneliti merasa tertarik untuk meneliti dan memilih variabel promosi agar daya tarik minat masuk siswa baru dapat tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara promosi sekolah terhadap keputusan memilih. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAK St. Petrus Kewapante pada semester 2 tahun ajaran 2020-2021. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 58 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik sampling jenuh dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 51 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Semua pernyataan valid, reliabel, normal, linear dan non heteroskedastisitas. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan regresi linier sederhana diperoleh keputusan memilih = 18,796 + 0,364 promosi. Pengujian hipotesis hasil perhitungan uji t diperoleh hasil thitung > ttabel (3,805 > 2,00) yang berarti H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima.  Hasil menunjukan bahwa koefisien determinasi (Adjusted R Square) variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat adalah sebesar Adjusted R Square = 0,212 atau 21,2%. Maka, hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara promosi terhadap keputusan memilih siswa baru di SMAK St. Petrus Kewapante.
Pengaruh Upah terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada CV. Lumintu Perdana Kec. Ciwaringin Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Magfiroh Melawati , Tajriani Dini Tiara
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah upah berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan CV. Lumintu Perdana Kecamatan Ciwaringin Kabupaten Cirebon. Manfaat Penelitian ini Agar Perusahaan dapat mengetahui kelemahan dan   kelebihan dalam langkah – langkah yang perlu diambil perusahaan selama ini, sehingga dimasa datang perusahaan dapat menentukan kebijakan khususnya mengenai upah dan kinerja karyawan. Metode deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode survei yaitu penelitian yang mengambil sampel dari populasi dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Berdasarkan analisis data statistik, indikator-indikator pada penelitian ini bersifat valid dan variabel nya bersifat reliabel. Pada pengujian normalitas dan data frekuensi semua data berdistribusi normal. Untuk analisis regresi di dapat persamaan Y = 0,016 + 1,253 X, dan dapat diartikan jika Upah adalah nol, maka Kinerja karywan akan konstan sebesar 0,016. Apabila terjadi kenaikan Upah sebesar 1, maka akan terjadi peningkatan Kinerja karywan sebesar 1,253 dan demikian sebaliknya. Hasil uji hipotesis menyatakan bahwa upah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada CV. Lumintu Perdana Kecamatan Ciwaringin Kabupaten Cirebon.
Pengaruh Insentif Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada CV. Lumintu Cirebon
Authors: Istikomah Nida , Ratnasari Neneng
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Perusahaan didirikan untuk memperoleh keuntungan yang optimal sesuai dengan perencanaan yang telah dibuat. Para Manajer dan Departemen SDM dapat menggunakan Insentif untuk memotivasi kinerja bawahannya (karyawan) untuk pencapaian tujuan organisasi. Insentif merupakan bentuk dari kompensasi yang berorientasi pada hasil kerja yang dicapai oleh karyawan. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah pemberian insentif berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada CV. Lumintu Cirebon Kabupaten Majalengka. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh pemberian insentif terhadap kinerja karyawan. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear sederhana. Analisis koefisien korelasi, analisis koefisien determinasi dan uji t. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan CV. Lumintu Cirebon yang berjumlah 50 orang. Penentuan sampel yang dilakukan adalah sampling jenuh. Hasil: Koefisien determinasi untuk insentif terhadap kinerja karyawan pada CV. Lumintu Cirebon sebesar 75,75%. Pengaruh faktor-faktor lain adalah sebesar (100%?75,75%) = 24,25%. Hasil perhitungan nilai korelasi antara insentif terhadap kinerja karyawan pada CV. Lumintu Cirebon adalah sebesar 0,8703. Hasil perhitungan koefisien regresi berdasarkan data penelitian yang diperoleh dapat ditulis dalam persamaan regresi taksiran sebagai berikut: Y = 11,53 + 0,99X Konstanta sebesar 11,53 menyatakan bahwa jika tidak ada insentif (skor X sama dengan nol) maka skor kinerja karyawan CV. Lumintu Cirebon sebesar 11,53 Koefisien regresi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,99 menyatakan bahwa setiap adanya peningkatan insentif sebesar 1 nilai maka akan menaikkan skor kinerja karyawan Toserba Surya Kadipaten Kabupaten Majalengka sebesar 0,99. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara insentif terhadap kinerja karyawan pada CV. Lumintu Cirebon. Karena harga hitung lebih besar dari pada tabel (12,2416 > 1.6772) sehingga H0 ditolak.
Effects of obesity on the serum BMP15, GDF9, and kisspeptin concentrations in women of reproductive age
Authors: Arıkan Funda , Sagsoz Nevin
Published: December 2022

Background: As BMP15, GDF9, and kisspeptin all play critical roles in folliculogenesis and fertilization, investigating the possible relationship between obesity and these three factors could prove crucial in relation to understanding the role of obesity in infertility. Thus, the present study sought to determine the effects of obesity on the serum BMP15, GDF9, and kisspeptin concentrations in women of reproductive age. Methods: Ninety female participants were equally divided into three groups: class-1 obese (n=30), class-2 obese (n=30), and normal weight (control; n=30). The participants' serum BMP15, GDF9, and AMH concentrations were measured. Moreover, the serum kisspeptin concentrations were evaluated in the class-1 obese and control groups by means of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method while the participants were in their menstrual period. Results: The serum BMP15 and kisspeptin concentrations were found to be much higher in the control group than in both obese groups (p=0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). While the GDF9 concentration exhibited a statistically significant positive correlation with age, the BMP15 concentration exhibited a positive correlation with the kisspeptin and LH concentrations in the control group. In addition, a positive correlation was identified between the BMP15 concentration and both age and the glucose level and a negative correlation with the insulin level in both the obese groups. Conclusions: Obesity appears to reduce the serum BMP15 and kisspeptin concentrations in obese women of reproductive age. This reduction may represent a milestone in reproductive dysfunction and may be used to predict the success of infertility treatment in obese women.
Rural Settlements of the Ostyako-Vogul and Yamalo-Nenets National Districts in the 1930s: Location, Density, Economic and Socio-Cultural Development
Authors: Tatarnikova Anna Ivanovna
Published: December 2022

The paper characterizes the location, density (density), economic and socio-cultural development of the network of rural settlements of the Ostyako-Vogul and Yamalo-Nenets national districts according to data for 1935-1936. The subject of the study is the rural settlement network of the named districts, the object is the location, density of the settlement network, its industrial, economic and socio-cultural infrastructure. In the study, statistical data collected by the Omsk Regional Department of National Economic Accounting (OBLUNKHU) were used as the main source Gosplan of the USSR on key indicators of economic and cultural development of the administrative-territorial units of the region, including the districts of North-Western Siberia. The dependence of the density of the settlement network on the natural and climatic zone, the peculiarities of the management of the local population is shown. The territories of sparse and relatively dense settlement within the boundaries of the national districts under consideration are determined, indicators of economic and socio-cultural development of settlements are presented. As results of the study author presents the conclusions about the dispersion of settlement in the polar tundra zone, the presence of territorial concentrations of rural settlements in the forest tundra and taiga zones not around administrative and economic centers, but along important transport arteries, the role of which in the north of Western Siberia was mainly performed by rivers. The predominance of the simplest industrial associations as the most common form of collective farms in the region is noted, positive changes in the development of the socio-cultural infrastructure of rural settlements of the region are recorded.
t-Lower level set and t-upper level set of an intuitionistic fuzzy set
Authors:   Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Deniz Ümit
Published: December 2022

In this paper we give the definitions of t-lower level set (Lt(A)) and t-upper level set (Ut(A)) of an Intuitionistic fuzzy set. [1] A t-lower level set is defined by giving a lower boundary on μA(x) + νA(x). A t-upper level set is defined by giving an upper boundary on μA(x) + νA(x). If A is an Intuitionistic fuzzy set of X, then Lt(A) and Ut(A) are subsets of X. In this paper we give some theorems by using t-lower level sets and t-upper level sets and prove them.
A manikin or human simulator—development of a tool for measuring students’ perception
Authors: Torres Kamil , Evans Phillip , Mamcarz Izabela , Radczuk Natalia , Torres Anna
Published: December 2022

Background

Education with the use of medical simulation may involve the use of two modalities: manikins or standardized patients (SPs) to meet specific learning objectives. We have collected students’ opinions about the two modalities which can be helpful in planning and evaluating the curriculum process. Although reviews or comparisons of student opinions appear in the literature, it is difficult to find a scale that would be based on a comparison of specific effects that can be obtained in the educational process. In order to fill this gap, an attempt was made to construct a questionnaire.

Methods

An experimental version of a questionnaire measuring the final-year students’ (273) opinions about the effectiveness of both simulation techniques has been designed on the basis of semi-structured interviews. They were conducted with 14 final-year students excluded from the subsequently analyzed cohort. The scale has been completed, tested and validated.

Results

The authors developed a 33-statement questionnaire which contain two scales: teaching medicine with the manikins and with the SPs. Two factors were identified for each scale: Doctor-patient relationship and practical aspects. The scales can be used complementary or separately, as the article reports independent statistics for each scale. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the manikin scale is 0.721 and for the SP scale is 0.758.

Conclusions

The questionnaire may be applied to medical students to identify their opinions about using manikins and SPs in teaching. It may have an important impact for planning curriculum and implementing particular modalities in accordance with the intended learning objectives.
Ru/Se‐RuO2 Composites via Controlled Selenization Strategy for Enhanced Acidic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Huang Kai , Lin Chaoliang , Yu Guangqiang , Du Peng , Xie Xinyu , He Xian , Zheng Zhichuan , Sun Ning , Tang Haolin , Li Xibo , Lei Ming , Wu Hui
Published: December 2022

The introduction of electronegative non‐metallic heterostructures is promisingly desired to develop Ru‐based oxide catalysts, which have higher activity and robust stability for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Developing scalable synthetic strategies and enlightening the mechanism understanding of the enhancement is imperative but still challenging. Herein, a facile selenium‐assisted reduction approach is reported to fabricate the partially reduced nano‐sized Ru with mixed‐valence Se species immobilization, directly from commercial RuO2 through ball milling and annealing procedures. The obtained Ru/Se‐RuO2 composites demonstrate superior electrocatalytic performance toward acidic OER with small overpotentials of 190 and 240 mV at 10 and 100 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of only 43.7 mV dec−1, and no detectable activity decay under operation for 24 h. Experimental results further demonstrate a synergistic effect including enhanced electron transfer interaction by the formation of Ru/RuO2 heterostructures and more available active sites due to Se doping. Theoretical calculations indicate that slight Se doping and metallic Ru loading can significantly decrease the free energy change for the formation of *OOH intermediate, and thus dramatically promotes the OER performance. This strategy offers a promising strategy for the development of non‐metallic elements incorporated high‐performance catalysts and related water electrocatalytic devices for sustainable energy applications.
Zinc Intercalated Lattice Expansion of Ultrafine Platinum–Nickel Oxygen Reduction Catalyst for PEMFC
Authors: Zhan Changhong , Sun Haoran , Lü Linzhe , Bu Lingzheng , Li Leigang , Liu Yanhui , Yang Tang , Liu Wei , Huang Xiaoqing
Published: December 2022

Platinum (Pt)‐based membrane electrode assembly (MEA) catalysts with high performance under operating proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) conditions are a prerequisite for practical applications. As indicated by theoretical calculations, lattice expansion in zinc (Zn)‐intercalated Pt alloys can weaken the adsorption of oxygen intermediates, enabling strong electronic interaction for boosting MEA catalysis. To test this hypothesis, herein, a new class of carbon (C)‐supported ultrafine Pt alloys with the assistance of Zn is explored. Detailed characterizations indicate that the introduction of Zn can reduce the particle size, and simultaneously intercalates into the Pt alloys, resulting in the lattice expansion for enhancing metallic state of Pt and lowering d‐band center. This intercalation strategy can be extended to PtNi, PtCo, as well as Pt. As a result, the optimized Zn‐PtNi/C exhibits superior MEA activity (937.6 mW cm−2 of peak power density), much higher than those of corresponding PtNi/C (771.6 mW cm−2) and commercial Pt/C (700.7 mW cm−2) under the harsh operating fuel cell conditions. This work opens up a new avenue for creating high‐performance PEMFC catalysts in terms of lattice engineering.
The Stiffness‐Sensitive Transcriptome of Human Tendon Stromal Cells
Authors: Hussien Amro A. , Niederoest Barbara , Bollhalder Maja , Goedecke Nils , Snedeker Jess G.
Published: December 2022

Extracellular matrix stiffness is a major regulator of cellular states. Stiffness‐sensing investigations are typically performed using cells that have acquired “mechanical memory” through prolonged conditioning in rigid environments, e.g., tissue culture plastic (TCP). This potentially masks the full extent of the matrix stiffness‐driven mechanosensing programs. Here, a biomaterial composed of 2D mechanovariant silicone substrates with simplified and scalable surface biofunctionalization chemistry is developed to facilitate large‐scale cell culture expansion processes. Using RNA sequencing, stiffness‐mediated mechano‐responses of human tendon‐derived stromal cells are broadly mapped. Matrix elasticity (E.) approximating tendon microscale stiffness range (E. ≈ 35 kPa) distinctly favors transcriptional programs related to chromatin remodeling and Hippo signaling; whereas compliant stiffnesses (E. ≈ 2 kPa) are enriched in processes related to cell stemness, synapse assembly, and angiogenesis. While tendon stromal cells undergo dramatic phenotypic drift on conventional TCP, mechanovariant substrates abrogate this activation with tenogenic stiffnesses inducing a transcriptional program that strongly correlates with established tendon tissue‐specific expression signature. Computational inference predicts that AKT1 and ERK1/2 are major stiffness‐sensing signaling hubs. Together, these findings highlight how matrix biophysical cues may dictate the transcriptional identity of tendon cells, and how matrix mechano‐reciprocity regulates diverse sets of previously underappreciated mechanosensitive processes in tendon fibroblasts.
A Magnetically and Electrically Powered Hybrid Micromotor in Conductive Solutions: Synergistic Propulsion Effects and Label‐Free Cargo Transport and Sensing
Authors: Wu Yue , Yakov Sivan , Fu Afu , Yossifon Gilad
Published: December 2022

Electrically powered micro‐ and nanomotors are promising tools for in vitro single‐cell analysis. In particular, single cells can be trapped, transported, and electroporated by a Janus particle (JP) using an externally applied electric field. However, while dielectrophoretic (DEP)‐based cargo manipulation can be achieved at high‐solution conductivity, electrical propulsion of these micromotors becomes ineffective at solution conductivities exceeding ≈0.3 mS cm−1. Here, JP cargo manipulation and transport capabilities to conductive near‐physiological (<6 mS cm−1) solutions are extended successfully by combining magnetic field‐based micromotor propulsion and navigation with DEP‐based manipulation of various synthetic and biological cargos. Combination of a rotating magnetic field and electric field results in enhanced micromotor mobility and steering control through tuning of the electric field frequency. In addition, the micromotor's ability of identifying apoptotic cell among viable and necrotic cells based on their dielectrophoretic difference is demonstrated, thus, enabling to analyze the apoptotic status in the single‐cell samples for drug discovery, cell therapeutics, and immunotherapy. The ability to trap and transport live cells towards regions containing doxorubicin‐loaded liposomes is also demonstrated. This hybrid micromotor approach for label‐free trapping, transporting, and sensing of selected cells within conductive solutions opens new opportunities in drug delivery and single‐cell analysis, where close‐to‐physiological media conditions are necessary.
Triple A‐Site Cation Mixing in 2D Perovskite‐Inspired Antimony Halide Absorbers for Efficient Indoor Photovoltaics
Authors: Lamminen Noora , Grandhi Gopal Krishnamurthy , Fasulo Francesca , Hiltunen Arto , Pasanen Hannu , Liu Maning , Al‐Anesi Basheer , Efimov Alexander , Ali‐Löytty Harri , Lahtonen Kimmo , Mäkinen Paavo , Matuhina Anastasia , Muñoz‐García Ana Belén , Pavone Michele , Vivo Paola
Published: December 2022

Antimony‐based perovskite‐inspired materials (PIMs) are solution‐processable halide absorbers with interesting optoelectronic properties, low toxicity, and good intrinsic stability. Their bandgaps around 2 eV make them particularly suited for indoor photovoltaics (IPVs). Yet, so far only the fully inorganic Cs3Sb2ClxI9−x composition has been employed as a light‐harvesting layer in IPVs. Herein, the first triple‐cation Sb‐based PIM (CsMAFA‐Sb) in which the A‐site of the A3Sb2X9 structure consists of inorganic cesium alloyed with organic methylammonium (MA) and formamidinium (FA) cations is introduced. Simultaneously, the X‐site is tuned to guarantee a 2D structure while keeping the bandgap nearly unchanged. The presence of three A‐site cations is essential to reduce the trap‐assisted recombination pathways and achieve high performance in both outdoor and indoor photovoltaics. The external quantum efficiency peak of 77% and the indoor power conversion efficiency of 6.4% are the highest values ever reported for pnictohalide‐based photovoltaics. Upon doping of the P3HT hole‐transport layer with F4‐TCNQ, the power conversion efficiency of CsMAFA‐Sb devices is fully retained compared to the initial value after nearly 150 days of storage in dry air. This work provides an effective compositional strategy to inspire new perspectives in the PIM design for IPVs with competitive performance and air stability.
Sports Concussion and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Finding a Path Forward
Authors: Kelly James P. , Priemer David S. , Perl Daniel P. , Filley Christopher M.
Published: December 2022

Sports concussion has recently assumed special importance because of the widely publicized entity of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Identified primarily in former contact sports athletes with repeated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), CTE is a distinct tauopathy that can only be diagnosed postmortem and for which no specific treatment is available. Although the hazards of repeated mTBI are generally acknowledged, a spirited controversy has developed because a firm link between sports concussion and CTE has been questioned. We briefly review the history of CTE, discuss areas of uncertainty, and offer suggestions to assist neurologists confronting these issues and advance understanding of this vexing problem. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:222–225
Overall Improvement in Dielectric, Water Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Polyimide Film via Synergy between GO and Sandwich‐type Porous Structure
Authors: Han Yuhang , Ma Yingyi , Zhang Junming , Yao Shun , Xu Kaizheng
Published: December 2022

Simultaneous improvement in dielectric, water resistance and mechanical properties of polyimide (PI) films is critical for their practical use, but difficult to achieve. Herein, a sandwich‐type porous GO/PI film with excellent comprehensive properties was obtained through integrating a GO‐containing complex, fluorine‐containing porous structure and sandwich‐type distribution of porous structure by a simple, low‐cost and green breath figure method. With the addition of only a small amount of GO‐containing complex, a low dielectric constant of 2.21, water absorption of 0.51%, increment in dielectric constant after moisture treatment of 1.60% and high tensile strength of 113.1 MPa, tensile modulus of 1.70 GPa, with 35.39%, 79.42%, 81.81% of reduction and 17.22%, 21.43% of increase compared to PI film were shown, respectively. Moreover, these properties could be adjusted through regulating the component and porous structure by changing the parameters of breath figure method. These outstanding properties make the film a promising candidate for high‐performance low‐dielectric materials.
Statistical inference for a Wiener‐based degradation model with imperfect maintenance actions under different observation schemes
Authors: Leroy Margaux , Bérenguer Christophe , Doyen Laurent , Gaudoin Olivier
Published: December 2022

This paper studies the statistical inference in a degradation model with imperfect maintenance. Technological or industrial devices subject to degradation undergo maintenance actions that reduce their degradation level. The underlying degradation process is a Wiener process with drift. Maintenance effects are assumed to be imperfect, described by an Arithmetic Reduction of Degradation () model. The system is regularly inspected and the degradation levels are measured. Four different observation schemes are considered so that degradation levels can be observed between maintenance actions as well as just before or just after maintenance times. The paper studies the estimation of the model parameters under the four observation schemes. Maximum likelihood estimators are derived for each scheme. The quality of the estimations is assessed and the observation schemes are compared through an extensive simulation and performance study.
Advances in Selective Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Alkynes to Alkenes
Authors: Liu Zhenpeng , Zhang Lei , Ren Zhipeng , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2022

Selective electrochemical hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes under ambient conditions is a promising alternative to the traditional energy‐intensive and high‐cost thermocatalytic hydrogenation. However, the systematic summary on the electrocatalysts and electrolyzers remains lacked. Herein, we demonstrate a comprehensive review about recent achievements in the electrocatalysts including noble metal and non‐noble‐metal materials. Several effective strategies of catalyst design were developed to improve alkyne conversion, and alkene selectivity, for example, accelerating the formation of active hydrogen species, enhancing alkyne adsorption and suppressing the side reactions. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of various electrolyzers are systematically discussed. Accordingly, major challenges and future trends in this field are proposed.
Brønsted Acid/Base Site Isolated in a Pentanuclear Scaffold
Authors: Tomoda Misa , Kondo Mio , Izu Hitoshi , Masaoka Shigeyuki
Published: December 2022

The concept of Brønsted‐Lowry acids and bases is long and widely recognized as the most reasonable theory to explain the behavior of H+ ions. Here, we report a Brønsted acid/base pair that does not follow this theory. Two heteronuclear metal complexes, in which Brønsted acid/base sites are sterically isolated, were synthesized and characterized. These sterically isolated sites exhibited anomalous behavior, wherein the H+ species encapsulated in the Brønsted acid site did not undergo a deprotonation reaction, and the corresponding protonation reaction at the Brønsted base site failed to proceed. As a result, two states that are in a relationship of a Brønsted acid/base pair stably exist over a wide pH range without any interconversion, generating a thermodynamically metastable state. Additionally, these two states exhibited distinct electron transfer abilities and reactivities. The system presented in this study is in sharp contrast with the traditional concept of Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases.
Femtosecond Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry of a Linearly Coordinated Copper(I) Carbene Complex
Authors: Nolden Oliver , Kremper Jennifer , Haselbach Wiebke , Morshedi Mahbobeh , Guhl Jasper , Schmeinck Philipp , Marian Christel M. , Ganter Christian , Gilch Peter
Published: December 2022

Linearly coordinated copper(I) carbene complexes, such as [1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene]‐(2‐picoline)copper(I) tetrafluoroborate (1), exhibit promising photophysical properties with regard to organic light emitting diode (OLED) applications. Their emission characteristics strongly depend on the surrounding (crystal, matrix, and solution). Here, the behavior of 1 in solution is scrutinized by steady state as well as femtosecond spectroscopy. In coordinating solvents, like acetonitrile and alcohols, 1 is shown to bind solvent molecules as ligands. In non‐coordinating solvents, femtosecond UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy reveals a tri‐exponential decay with time constants of 0.3 ps, 900 ps, and 0.7 μs. The time constants are assigned with the aid of quantum chemistry. A more complex decay is observed in coordinating solvents.
Photoelectrochemical C−H Activation Through a Quinacridone Dye Enabling Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer
Authors: Yang Yunshuo , Volpato Giulia Alice , Rossin Elena , Peruffo Nicola , Tumbarello Francesco , Nicoletti Catia , Bonetto Ruggero , Paoloni Lorenzo , Umari Paolo , Colusso Elena , Dell'Amico Luca , Berardi Serena , Collini Elisabetta , Caramori Stefano , Agnoli Stefano , Sartorel Andrea
Published: December 2022

Dye‐sensitized photoanodes for C−H activation in organic substrates are assembled by vacuum sublimation of a commercially available quinacridone (QNC) dye in the form of nanosized rods onto fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO), TiO2, and SnO2 slides. The photoanodes display extended absorption in the visible range (450–600 nm) and ultrafast photoinduced electron injection (<1 ps, as revealed by transient absorption spectroscopy) of the QNC dye into the semiconductor. The proton‐coupled electron‐transfer reactivity of QNC is exploited for generating a nitrogen‐based radical as its oxidized form, which is competent in C−H bond activation. The key reactivity parameter is the bond‐dissociation free energy (BDFE) associated with the N⋅/N−H couple in QNC of 80.5±2.3 kcal mol−1, which enables hydrogen atom abstraction from allylic or benzylic C−H moieties. A photoelectrochemical response is indeed observed for organic substrates characterized by C−H bonds with BDFE below the 80.5 kcal mol−1 threshold, such as γ‐terpinene, xanthene, or dihydroanthracene. This work provides a rational, mechanistically oriented route to the design of dye‐sensitized photoelectrodes for selective organic transformations.
Undernutrition and associated factors among lactating mothers in rural Yilmana Densa District, Northwest Ethiopia: A community‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wubetie Biruk Yazie , Mekonen Tigist Kefale
Published: December 2022

Undernutrition is continued to be significant public health problem worldwide. The extra calories and nutrients required to support breastfeeding make lactating mothers at higher risk of malnutrition than general population. Undernourished lactating mothers have also been found to influence both the quantity and quality of breast milk and then the nutritional and health status of their offspring. Different evidence showed that undernutrition among lactating mothers is a serious public health problem in Ethiopia in which one of every four lactate mothers are undernourished. Despite this fact, the prevalence of undernutrition among lactating women in Ethiopian was not well investigated and very limited number of studies are conducted. This study aims to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among lactating mothers in rural Yilmana Densa District, Northwest Ethiopia. A community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among 428 lactating mothers. The data were collected by using interviewers administered structured questionnaire; and also, anthropometric measurements were taken from the study participants. Binary logistic regression model was undertaken to identify significantly associated factors with undernutrition. The prevalence of undernutrition among lactating mothers was 22.6%. Household income, food security status, dietary diversity score, number of meals, potable water source, and latrine facility were found to be significantly associated with undernourishment of lactating mothers. A significant proportion of lactating mothers in the district suffered from undernutrition and hence, to improve nutritional status of lactating mothers, strategies should focus on nutrition counseling, advancing diversified production and consumption, improvement of access to potable water and latrine, as well as effective household food security interventions.
Endometriosis, the Silent Disease: Molecular Targets, Active Principles, and Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Teworte Sarah , Luciani Paola
Published: December 2022

In this perspective, we provide a broad overview of pathophysiological processes involved in endometriosis, including the role of inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, hormonal regulation, and genetic factors. For each of the functional changes involved with the etiology of the disease, we showcase a selection of active principles in various stages of preclinical and clinical development. Finally, we highlight the role of drug delivery for endometriosis, particularly oral vs. vaginal administration. In doing so, we wish to draw the community's attention to this debilitating disease and highlight the need for interdisciplinary approaches to endometriosis treatment development.