bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poor subjective sleep reported by people living with HIV is associated with impaired working memory
Authors: Zahr Natalie M. , Sullivan Edith V. , Pfefferbaum Adolf
Published: December 2022

Background. Poor sleep can undermine the health of people in general and may be especially disruptive to those with chronic conditions including HIV infection.
Methods. Here, clinically well-described people living with HIV infection [PLWH] (74 men, 35 women) and healthy control (38 men, 35 women) participants were administered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which is a validated measure of subjective sleep with a global score ≥ 5 able to distinguish good from poor sleepers. In addition, participants completed neuropsychological tests assessing executive functioning, working memory, and learning and memory.
Results. PLWH (6.8±3.7) had higher global PSQI scores than those of healthy controls (4.1±2.8): 39.7% of uninfected controls and 68.8% of PLWH had a PSQI ≥ 5 indicative of poor sleep. There were no relations between the global PSQI score and any evaluated variables among healthy-control individuals or with demographic or HIV-related variables in PLWH. Instead, a higher global PSQI score among PLWH was associated with worse “Quality of Life” measures including scores on the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF, p = .0007), the Medical Outcomes Study survey (21-item short form, SF-21, p < .0001), and Activities of Daily Living-Instrumental (ADL-I, p = .0041); and more depressive symptoms as determined by the Beck Depression Index (BDI, p < .0001). Further, in PLWH, a higher global PSQI score was associated with poor performance on a working memory task, the digit backward span (p = .0036). In PLWH, the 5 variables together explained 32.3% of the global PSQI score variance; only 3 variables – the SF-21, BDI, and digit backward scores – explained 30.6% of the variance.
Conclusions. To the extent that poor subjective sleep contributes to impaired working memory in HIV, we speculate that this impairment may be ameliorated by improved sleep health.
Hazardous exogenous geological processes in the mountains under the pressure of human activity: 15-year observations from a natural landscape to a large ski resort
Authors: Derkacheva Anna , Golosov Valentin , Shvarev Sergey , Kharchenko Sergey
Published: December 2022

Recent studies reveal an ongoing world-wide increase in a number of slope instability manifestations and their positive correlation with human activity. The latter involves construction activity as one of the most common trigger or susceptibility raising factors. In this study we conduct a detailed analysis of an extensive and rapid transformation of a forest-covered mountain landscape and its response. The study area is a mountain sport cluster of the Winter Olympic Games-2014, which developed from scratch to a large tourist resort in just a few years. A time-series of aerospace images and elevation models were used for a comprehensive mapping of the land cover changes and associated development of slope instabilities over 15 years, from a “pre-construction era” until now. We identify widespread deforestation and the land cover changes in upper chains of the fluvial systems to be the key drivers of the enhanced multiplication and intensification of the slope hazard processes. Completion of the active construction phase leads relatively quickly to a gradual natural stabilisation of the slope-located processes. However, the stream-located processes need several decades to regain a balance, because the increasing energy of small watercourses, due to growth of surface runoff coefficient, led to the transformation of longitudinal profiles of their channels. The obtained results provide a refined look at the anthropogenic influence on the slope instability occurrence and their short-time evolution in a mountain forest landscape. We also discuss the prospective course of events for this resort.
Perceived social support and depression among people living with HIV in China: roles of stigma and adherence self-efficacy
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Xiong Jianjing , Zheng Jinlei , Chai Chengliang , Wang Ying
Published: December 2022

Introduction People living with HIV (PLHIV) are a high-risk group for depression. In particular, the prevalence and burden of depression is higher and more severe among PLHIV in developing and less developed countries. There is evidence that perceived social support has a positive impact on reducing the occurrence of depression, and high stigma and low adherence self-efficacy are barriers to the effectiveness of social support for depressed PLHIV. However, how these risks affect the effect of social support on depression still needs further identification. Methods Between 2017 and 2018, a total of 1139 Chinese PLHIV (74.36% male, mean age = 43.91 years) from three provinces (Shanghai, Zhejiang and Henan) in China were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed by multiple regression, mediation model and moderation model. Results 43.99% of PLHIV were with mild to severe depression. There was a significant negative association between perceived social support and depression (B = -0.049, P < 0.05). Stigma and adherence self-efficacy played a chain mediating role (B = -0.058, 95% CI [-0.078, -0.039]) and a moderating role in the effect of perceived social support on depression (stigma: B = -0.003, P < 0.05; adherence self-efficacy: B = 0.004, P < 0.05). Conclusion Stigma and adherence self-efficacy indirectly predicted depression, and perceived social support was more effective in reducing depression among PLHIV with high stigma or low adherence self-efficacy. Enhancing multiple social support resources for PLHIV may reduce their risk of depression. Moreover, the need for social support is greater for those with high stigma or low adherence self-efficacy.
Clinical phenotypes and prognosis of cytomegalovirus infection in the pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Zhang Tianyu , Yu Zhongxun , Gao Sihao , Zhang Yuelun , Wang Changyan , Jian Shan , Wang Lin , Gou Lijuan , Li Ji , Ma Mingsheng , Song Hongmei
Published: December 2022

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it is not clear whether the anti-CMV treatment has an impact on the prognosis of SLE patients with CMV infection. We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of CMV infection in pediatric SLE (pSLE) and to evaluate the effect of anti-CMV treatment on pSLE outcome.
Methods: A retrospective study including 146 pSLEfrom 2012 to 2021 was conducted. CMV-positive and CMV-negative groupswere compared by univariate analysis and stepwise logistic multiple regression to analyze the clinical characteristics of CMV infection in pSLE. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to model the longitudinal dynamics of pSLE disease activity with or without CMV infection and anti-CMV treatment.
Results: The CMV infection rate was 74.7% (109/146) in this pSLE cohort. CMV-positive pSLE patients were more likely to present positive anti-dsDNA antibody, hypocomplementemia, high SLEDAI-2K score and musculoskeletal involvement (P < 0.05). Survival analysis showed that CMV-positive pSLE patients were more prone to disease flare and poorer outcomes. GEE modeling indicated that CMV phosphoprotein 65 (pp65) titers were positively correlated with SLEDAI-2K, and anti-CMV treatment could better reduce pSLE activity than non-treatment (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: CMV infection is highly prevalent among pSLE patients. Positive anti-dsDNA antibody, hypocomplementemia, high SLEDAI-2K score and musculoskeletal involvement were significant clinical clues indicating CMV infections in pSLE. CMV infection is correlated with higher disease activity and poorer outcome. Anti-CMV treatment can reduce disease activity and flares.
Role of Authentication Factors in Fin-Tech Mobile Transaction Security
Authors: Khan Habib Ullah , Sohail Muhammad , Nazir Shah , Hussain Tariq , Shah Babar , Ali Farman
Published: December 2022

Fin-Tech is the merging of finance and technology to be considered a key term for technology-based financial operations and money transactions as far as Fin-Tech is concerned. In the massive field of business, mobile money transaction security is a great challenge for researchers. The user authentication schemes restrict the ability to enforce the authentication before the account can access and operate. Although authentication factors provide greater security than a simple static password, financial transactions have potential drawbacks because cybercrime expands the opportunities for fraudsters. The most common enterprise challenge is mobile-based user authentication during transactions, which addresses the security issues against fraudsters. The confirmation of a user legitimation before the money transaction is highlighted by mechanisms and technologies from previous studies that may be helpful in user authentication. Internet of Things (IoT) technologies may have potential vulnerabilities for hackers to hack the user credential information for illegal use. This study aims to identify the technologies for user authentication and the opportunity for their transformation to mobile money transaction security despite having all the legally required data for a transaction. This proposed review has identified the role of multifactor authentication techniques for authentication to mitigate the risk of fraudulent transactions. The analysis through 92 articles taken from famous publishers. The most relevant articles address authentication problems, of which 54 percent describe money transaction security, and the rest of the articles highlight the supporting technology for user authentication. The study platform described the technology-based approaches with the appreciation of new ideas for secure money transactions. Multifactor authentication might be a key term in advanced security to ensure the user is legitimate by using advanced technology and algorithms to predict and find transaction risks and discourage fraudsters from trying.
Evaluating the sustainability of lightweight drones for delivery: towards a suitable methodology for assessment
Authors: Mitchell Sinéad , Steinbach Juliana , Flanagan Tomas , Ghabezi Pouyan , Harrison Noel , O'Reilly Simon , Killian Stephen , Finnegan William
Published: December 2022

Drone technology is widely available and is rapidly becoming a crucial instrument in the functions of businesses and government agencies worldwide. The demand for delivery services is accelerating particularly since the Covid-19 pandemic. Both companies and customers want these services to be efficient, timely, safe, and sustainable, but these are major challenges. Last-mile delivery by lightweight short-range drones has the potential to address these challenges. However, there is a lack of consistency and transparency in assessing and reporting the sustainability of last-mile delivery services and drones. This paper critically reviews published assessments (specifically lifecycle assessment and circularity). The study reveals a lack of comprehensive studies, and a need to examine composite and battery manufacturing developments and provides key considerations for future study development.
Impaired cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A cross-sectional case-control study in the era of biologic drug therapies
Authors: Räsänen Kati , Markula-Patjas Kati , Kantanen Saija , Sipilä Kalle , Lakka Timo , Arikoski Pekka , Piippo-Savolainen Eija
Published: December 2022

Background: In recent years, biologic drug therapies have altered the course of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) possibly also improving the patients’ physical fitness. However, studies measuring both cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in children with JIA are sparse and have failed to show consistent results.
Our aim was to assess both cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness and contributing factors in children and adolescents with JIA in the era of biologic drug therapies.
Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 73 JIA patients (25 boys, 48 girls) aged 6.8- 17.5 years and 73 healthy age- and sex-matched controls, investigated in 2017-2019. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by maximal ergospirometry and neuromuscular fitness by speed, agility, balance, and muscle strength tests.
Results: Means (± SD) of maximal workload (Wmax/kg) and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak/kg,) were lower in JIA patients than in controls (Wmax/kg: 2.80 ± 0.54 vs. 3.14 ± 0.50 Watts, p<0.01; VO2peak/kg: 38.7 ± 7.53 vs. 45.8 ± 6.59 ml/min/kg, p<0.01). Shuttle-run, sit-up and standing long jump test results were lower in JIA patients than in controls (p<0.01). Mean (±SD) daily activity was lower (89.0 ± 44.7 vs. 112.7 ± 62.1 min/day, p<0.05), and sedentary time was higher (427 ± 213 vs. 343 ± 211 min/day, p<0.05) in JIA patients compared to controls. Physical activity and cardiorespiratory or neuromuscular fitness were not associated with disease activity.
Conclusions: Regardless of disease activity, JIA patients were physically less active and had lower cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness than their same aged controls with no JIA. Therefore, JIA patients should be encouraged to engage in physical activities as a part of their multidisciplinary treatment protocols to prevent adverse health risks of low physical activity and fitness.
Trial registration: Not applicable.
Wastewater-based epidemiology predicts COVID-19-induced hospital and ICU admission numbers in over 100 USA counties
Authors: Li Xuan , Liu Huan , Gao Li , Sherchan Samendra , Zhou Ting , Khan Stuart , Loosdrecht Mark van , Wang Qiin
Published: December 2022

With the ease of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emergency status globally, a population-wide low-cost prediction for COVID-19-induced hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission numbers is essential for healthcare systems. For the first time, we evaluated the feasibility of using wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) to predict COVID-19-induced hospitalization and ICU admission numbers in 102 counties across 42 states in the United States of America (USA), covering a population of nearly 60 million, through random forest models using the county-level weekly wastewater surveillance data (over 15 months). WBE-based models accurately predicted the admission numbers, allowing a preparation window of 5-28 days. In real applications, periodically updated WBE-based models showed good accuracy and transferability, with mean absolute error within 20 and 2 patients/100k population for upcoming hospitalization and ICU admission numbers in 28 days, respectively. Our study demonstrated the potential of using WBE as a cost-effective method to provide early warnings for healthcare systems.
MOPSO process parameters optimization in ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding of hardened steel
Authors: Huang Qiang , Zhao Biao , Qiu Yutong , Cao Yang , Fu Yucan , Chen Qingliang , Tang Menglan , Deng Mingming , Liu Guoliang , Ding Wenfeng
Published: December 2022

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding (UVAG) is frequently prescribed as an effective technique to improve the grindability of difficult-to-cut materials, earning tremendous application opportunities in the industrial field. However, the traditional optimization of grinding parameters requires substantial experimental analyses and is prone to fall into a local optimum. In this study, a multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) model for grinding forces and surface roughness is established on the basis of comparative experiments between UVAG and conventional grinding. Optimized process parameters are then used to conduct ultrasonic vibration-assisted profile grinding experiments. Results show that the tangential and normal grinding forces are reduced by 20.51% and 18.91%, respectively, and the ground surface roughness (Ra) is decreased by 9.47%. In addition, the sharpness of grinding wheels can be maintained for UVAG. A Pareto solution set with 15 noninferior solutions is obtained using the MOPSO algorithm, suggesting that the good surface roughness is realized using larger wheel speed and cutting depth and a smaller feed speed. Finally, forming workpieces with excellent shape accuracy and high surface quality, as well as optimized machining parameters, are achieved under the ultrasonic vibration-assisted profile grinding process.
Clinical value of using heart rate variability biofeedback before elective CT coronary angiography to reduce heart rate and the need for beta-blockers
Authors: Langguth Patrick , Wolf Carmen , Sedaghat Sam , Frank Johanne , Both Marcus , Jansen Olav , Ravesh Mona Salehi , Lebenatus Annett
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The value of biofeedback before elective coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to reduce patients’ heart rates (HR) was investigated in the current work.
Methods: 60 patients who received CCTA to exclude coronary artery disease were included in our study and separated into two groups: with biofeedback (W-BF) and without biofeedback (WO-BF). The W-BF group used a biofeedback device for 15 min before CCTA. HR was determined in each patient at five measurement time points (MTP): during the pre-examination interview (MTP1), positioning on the CT patient table (MTP2), immediately before CCTA (MTP3), CCTA image acquisition (MTP4), and after completing CCTA (MTP5). If necessary, beta-blockers were administered in both groups after MTP3 until a HR of less than 65 bpm was achieved. Two board-certified radiologists subsequently assessed the image quality and analyzed the findings.
Results: Overall, the need for beta-blockers was significantly lower in patients in W-BF group than in WO-BF group (p=0.032). In patients with a HR of 81-90, beta-blockers were not required in 4 of 6 cases in the W-BF group, whereas in the WO-BF group all patients needed beta-blockers (p=0.03). We found a significant decrease in HR between MTP1 and MTP2 in W-BF as compared to WO-BF. There was no significant difference between the W-BF and WO-BF groups regarding image quality (p=0.179).
Conclusion: By using biofeedback prior to elective CCTA beta-blocker use can be significantly decreased due to effective reduction of HR, especially in patients with a HR above 80 bpm, without compromising CT image quality and analysis.
Long-term Rainfall Trends in South West Asia - Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Maghrabi Abdullrahman H. , Alamoudi Hadeel A. , Alruhaili Aied S.
Published: December 2022

In this study, rainfall data from 19 stations in Saudi Arabia (SA) for the period 1985–2019 was utilized to investigate interannual, monthly, and seasonal rainfall variations and trends. The magnitudes of these trends were characterized and tested using Mann–Kendall (MK) rank statistics at different significance levels. During this study period, the mean rainfall in SA showed a slight and significant decreasing trend by about 2 mm/35 years. Investigation of seasonal trends of rainfall revealed that Winter and Spring rainfall decreased significantly by 2.7 mm/35 years and 5.4 mm//35 years respectively. Three months showed very slight significant decreasing trends of rainfall. These were the months of February, March and April. Mann-Kendall analyses were carried out to investigate the annual trends of rainfall during three sub-periods, i.e., 1985–1996, 1997–2008, and 2009–2019. The results revealed that while rainfall increased by 5.3 mm/12 years and 7.8 mm/11 years for the first and the third periods respectively, it decreased by about 11 mm/12 years during the second period. While trends of rainfall in Saudi Arabia are affected by large scale circulations and local factors, the effect of extraterrestrial factors, such as solar activity and its consequent effects on the climate may, additionally, play a potential role in affecting the pattern of rainfall in Saudi Arabia.
The crystal structure of feitknechtite (β-MnOOH) and a new MnOOH polymorph
Authors: Post Jeffrey E. , Heaney Peter J. , Ilton Eugene S. , Elzinga Evert J.
Published: December 2022

Studies suggest that feitknechtite (β-MnOOH) is a prevalent, and perhaps necessary, intermediate phase during the synthesis of birnessite-like phases, the abiotic oxidation of Mn2+, and the transformation of biogenic hexagonal phyllomanganates to more complex Mn oxides in laboratory and natural systems. Researchers have generally described feitknechtite as consisting of pyrochroite-like (or cadmium iodide-like) Mn-O octahedral layers, but a detailed crystal structure has not been reported. We used TEM/SAED and powder XRD and Rietveld refinements to derive the unit cell and, for the first time, report a complete structure description for feitknechtite (β-MnOOH). Rietveld refinements were also completed for three natural feitknechtite/hausmannite samples, and time-resolved synchrotron XRD experiments were used to follow the thermal transformation of feitknechtite to hausmannite. Additionally, we identified and report the structure for a second, and perhaps novel, MnOOH polymorph (proposed designation ε-MnOOH), mixed with the synthetic feitknechtite, that is similar to β-MnOOH but with a different layer stacking.
Hydroinformatics impact on hydrological modelling
Authors: Refsgaard J. C. , Erlich M. , Bathurst J.
Published: December 2022

Mike Abbott was an outsider to hydrological science, who nevertheless fundamentally advanced hydrological modelling by introducing knowledge from computational hydraulics and later hydroinformatics. His main contribution was the development of the concept of physically based distributed modelling and the European Hydrological System - Système Hydrologique Européen ‘SHE’, in a programme, which he initiated and led during the period 1975-1986, by forging a strong collaboration between public and private European research institutes and companies. The development of the SHE was a pioneering effort resulting in a quantum leap in hydrological modelling at its time of development. Technologically, the SHE remained for the next 1-2 decades the most advanced hydrological modelling system and it is still in use today, around 40 years after its birth. The SHE modelling philosophy was both challenged and imitated during these years. This chapter describes the obstacles to and the achievements of the SHE development, along with the first application studies and the debates generated by the scientific challenges to the SHE concept. The chapter also describes how Mike Abbott's ideas on encapsulation of knowledge in the so-called fourth-generation software systems inspired the development of user-friendly software packages, enabling professionals with domain understanding but without computer knowledge to use models. Further, the chapter describes Mike Abbott's vision of using intelligent hydroinformatics software systems to empower stakeholders and in this way democratise the decision-making processes and ensure social justice in the water sector, and briefly discusses why this vision, in contrast to the very successful ideas related to the SHE and the fourth-generation systems, had limited impact so far. Finally, the chapter discusses the strengths and weaknesses of Mike Abbott's contributions to hydrological modelling seen from today's state of the art and the impacts his contributions continue to have on hydrological modelling today.
THE SPECIFICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ART AT TURNING POINTS OF HISTORY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND
THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
Authors: Masliakova Anna Ivanovna
Published: December 2022

In difficult historical times Art not only responds to what is happening, but may also help to find a way out of the crisis. And this article is dedicated to the consideration of this very issue.
THE CONCEPT AND FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF PATENT LAW
Authors: Zakharova Karina Viktorovna
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the principles of patent law as a fundamental beginning of the regulation of intellectual rights to inventions, utility models and industrial designs. The principles specified establish the content of the most important norms of patent law, they are its prerequisites for its further development. The article describes the meaning of the protection of patent rights, where the official recognition of patentability serves as an invariable condition for protection.
Flâneur, Phantasmagoria and Existence in Modern Cities: An Analysis of Benjamin and Sartre
Authors: Kancı Tuba , Tarcan Umutcan
Published: December 2022

The modern city ethos has been a significant subject in social and literary theories since Charles Baudelaire, the 19th-century poet and author. Baudelaire's interest in the relationship between city imageries and modernity has inspired many of his successors that look at politics, culture, gender, phenomenology, and ontology. Thus, contemporary philosophy has approached the modern city as an intersectional sphere of existence. The two prominent 20th-century thinkers, Walter Benjamin and Jean-Paul Sartre endeavor to use Baudelaire's work as a theoretical structure to ground their understanding of the modern city ethos. Benjamin uses Baudelaire's concept of flâneur, which initially symbolizes the idle, extraordinary, and lonely individuals in early modern cities, to interpret the experience of modernity. Sartre includes city characters that resemble flâneur in his novels and essays to disclose his existentialist thought. Both see the tension between modernity and the city ethos as an enigma that produces alienation, exploitation, and exclusion. In this study, we analyze the thoughts of Benjamin and Sartre regarding the problem of existence in modern cities. First, we look at the concept of flâneur as a subject of modernity. Then we respectively explain the thinkers' works, thus emphasizing their differences. We argue that Benjamin ascribes a relatively sociocultural context to the modern city experience, while Sartre mainly looks at the problem from a phenomenological perspective.
Ivabradine for Uncontrolled Sinus Tachycardia in Thyrotoxic Cardiomyopathy
- Case Report
Authors: Frenkel Amit , Bichovsky Yoav , Arotsker Natan , Besser Limor , Joshua Ben-Zion , Fraenkel Merav , Zahger Doron , Klein Moti
Published: December 2022

Background:

Beta-blockers, mainly propranalol, are usually administered to control heart rate in patients with thyrotoxicosis, especially when congestive heart failure presents. However, when thyrotoxicosis is not controlled, heart rate may be difficult to control even with maximal doses of propranolol. This presentation alerts physicians to the possibility of using ivabradine, a selective inhibitor of the sinoatrial pacemaker, for the control of heart rate.

Case Presentation:

We present a 37-year-old woman with thyrotoxicosis and congestive heart failure whose heart rate was not controlled with a maximal dose of beta blockers during a thyroid storm. The addition of ivabradine, a selective inhibitor of the sinoatrial pacemaker, controlled her heart rate within 48 hours.

Conclusion:

Ivabradine should be considered in patients with thyrotoxicosis, including those with heart failure, in whom beta blockers are insufficient to control heart rate.
Investigation of the Underlying Mechanism of Zhibai Dihuang Pill in Treating Osteoporosis by using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Dynamics
Simulation
Authors: Chang Baosheng , Feng Yangyang , Zhang Liangliang , Zhao Chengjin , Li Nannan
Published: December 2022

Background:

With society aging, the rising prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) has enormous
social and economic implications. At present, the Zhibai Dihuang pill has been clinically
applied in OP treatment and shown significant efficacy, but its underlying mechanism remains
unclear.

Aims:

This study was designed to explore the mechanism of the Zhibai Dihuang pill treating OP.

Methods:

In this study, the active ingredients and corresponding targets in the Zhibai Dihuang pill
were searched using the TCMSP platform. Based on the mRNA expression data of OP patients in
the GEO database, differential expression analysis was conducted by bioinformatics means. By
using the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was
constructed, and random walk with restart (RWR) analysis based on seed genes intersected from
DEGs and drug target genes was conducted. On this basis, the drug-active ingredient-gene interaction
network was built. The topological property of the network (degree) was statistically analyzed
to find the key therapeutic target AKT1 for the treatment of OP. Molecular docking between
AKT1 and the active ingredients was conducted, and according to the affinity score, diosgenin was
determined as the key small molecule of the Zhibai Dihuang pill in OP treatment. Based on molecular
dynamics simulation and cellular thermal shift assay validation, it was found that diosgenin
had a good binding ability with AKT1.

Results:

Cell experiments showed that diosgenin could affect the expression of bone markers and
the mineralization of extracellular matrix in mouse osteoblasts by inhibiting the phosphorylation
of AKT1, thus achieving the effect of OP treatment.

Conclusion:

Based on network pharmacology, this study clarified the key small molecule compounds
in the Zhibai Dihuang pill and their action targets and preliminarily analyzed the molecular
mechanism of the Zhibai Dihuang pill treating OP, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical use
of the Zhibai Dihuang pill.
Artesunate Reverses Clozapine-induced Lipid Metabolism Disorder in
BRL-3A Cells by Effecting AMPK Pathway
Authors: Cui Yali , Ling Lingyun , Huang Qingjun , Xu Haiyun
Published: December 2022

Background:

Clozapine (CLZ) is the only registered drug for treatment-resistant schizophrenia
and also associated with metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, hyperglycemia, and
dyslipidemia.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the effects of CLZ on lipid metabolism in BRL-3A cells,
measure possible effects of artesunate (ART) on the CLZ-induced alterations in lipid metabolism,
and explore the molecular mechanism underlying the CLZ- and ART-induced changes in the cells.

Methods:

BRL-3A cells were cultured in DMEM at different conditions in the CLZ experiment (20,
30, or 40 μM CLZ), CLZ-ART experiment (40 μM CLZ followed by ART at 5, 10, or 20 μM), or
CLZ-ART experiment consisting DMSO, CLZ, CLZ+ART, and ART groups. In addition to cell
viability assessment, triglyceride, total and free cholesterol in BRL-3A cells were measured by biochemistry
analyses, and levels of lipid metabolism-related genes and relevant proteins were evaluated
by means of quantitative PCR and Western blot.

Results:

CLZ in the used range increased levels of free and total cholesterol in BRL-3A while upregulated
mRNA levels of HMGCR, PPARα, and PPARγ. Moreover, the treatment increased
SREBP-1c mRNA and protein levels in the cells, although it showed no impact on the phosphorylation
of AMPK. ART treatment following CLZ exposure reversed the CLZ-induced high levels of
free and total cholesterol in BRL-3A. ART effectively ameliorated or normalized the CLZ-induced
changes in the HMGCR, PPARα, PPARγ, and SREBP-1c. Furthermore, ART increased AMPK
phosphorylation in BRL-3A.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that ART exerts a cholesterol-lowering effect in BRL-3A by affecting
the AMPK/SREBP-1c/PPARγ pathway.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Performance of Indonesian Stock Market: An Event Study Analysis
Authors: Nugraha Andhyka Tyaz , Hakimah Yusro , Fawzi Agung Masyad
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aims of study are to analyze and evaluate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) performance before, during, and after the official announcement day on March 2nd, 2020. Five industry sectors were observed, i.e agriculture, property, manufacture, consumer, and mining sector. Event study analysis method is used to value the short-term influence of the announcement day on the selected stock market performance in Indonesia. The findings of the study indicated that manufacturing and consumer sectors had better stock performance with positive results of their abnormal return, unlike the agriculture and property sectors which showed the opposite result of their stock performance. The stock performance in the mining sector remained stable even after the announcement day. Indonesian Government, particularly the companies’ management, is expected to pay more attention to the aggrieved industries because of the negative effect of outbreaks, especially on the agriculture and property sector. Keywords: COVID-19, Event Study, Abnormal Return, Stock Performance, Indonesia Stock Exchange Pandemi COVID-19 dan Kinerja Pasar Saham Indonesia: Analisis Studi Peristiwa AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi dampak wabah COVID-19 terhadap kinerja Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) sebelum, selama, dan setelah hari pengumuman resmi pada tanggal 2 Mei 2020. Lima sektor industri yang diamati yaitu sektor pertanian, properti, manufaktur, konsumen, dan pertambangan. Kami menggunakan metode analisis studi peristiwa dalam penelitian ini untuk menilai pengaruh jangka pendek hari pengumuman terhadap kinerja pasar saham terpilih di Indonesia. Hasil studi empiris menunjukkan bahwa sektor konsumen dan manufaktur memiliki kinerja saham yang lebih baik dengan hasil yang positif dari abnormal return-nya, tidak seperti sektor properti dan pertanian yang menunjukkan hasil sebaliknya dari kinerja sahamnya. Kinerja saham di sektor pertambangan tetap stabil bahkan setelah hari pengumuman. Pemerintah Indonesia, khususnya manajemen perusahaan, diharapkan lebih memperhatikan industri yang dirugikan akibat dampak negatif wabah, terutama pada sektor pertanian dan properti. Kata kunci: COVID-19, Studi Peristiwa, Abnormal Return, Kinerja Saham, Bursa Efek Indonesia.
Factors That Influence the Interest in Becoming an Investor in the Capital Market
Authors: Herdjiono Irine , Jumiati Jumiati
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aims to examine factors that influence students' interest in becoming investors in the capital market. Factors to be tested include minimum capital, investment risk, perception of return, and financial literacy. The number of samples used is 360 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. This quantitative research used primary data; a questionnaire was measured using a Likert scale and binary logistic regression analysis. The results showed that minimum capital and investment risk had a negative and significant influence on the investor’s interest, perception of return had no effect on the investor’s interest, and financial literacy had a positive and significant effect on the investor’s interest. Therefore, the limited funds owned by students should be a concern to increase the interest of Millenials to invest in the capital market and improve education about financial literacy. Keywords: minimum capital, investment risk, financial literacy Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Minat Menjadi Investor di Pasar Modal AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat mahasiswa untuk menjadi investor di pasar modal. Faktor-faktor yang akan diuji antara lain modal minimum, risiko investasi, persepsi pengembalian, dan literasi keuangan. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 360 responden yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer yaitu kuesioner yang diukur menggunakan skala likert dan analisis regresi logistik biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal minimum dan risiko investasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap minat investor, persepsi pengembalian tidak berpengaruh terhadap minat investor, dan literasi keuangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat investor. Keterbatasan dana yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa harus menjadi perhatian untuk meningkatkan minat kaum milenial untuk berinvestasi di pasar modal dan peningkatan program literasi keuangan perlu ditingkatkan. Kata kunci: modal minimum, risiko investasi, literasi keuangan
MULTI-STAKEHOLDERS GOVERNANCE IN SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINE: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Taufik Mohammad , Rahmat Al Fauzi , Irawan Bambang , Akbar Paisal
Published: December 2022

Multi-stakeholders governance (MSG) is a new governance design that involves many experts from multiple stakeholders to participate in dialogue, decision-finding (and possibly decision-making) and solution to common problem that occur. This article aims to analyze and identify topics on multi-stakeholder governance with a focus on social science disciplines. In particular, this article takes qualitative research with a literature study approach. The approach adopted in this paper consists of an initial selection of articles based on keywords of “multi-stakeholder governance” in social science disciplines in the Scopus database - limited to titles, abstracts, keywords, and in English and using articles published from early to 2020. Several stages are then identified; The first stage is analyzing the number of citations and analysis by country, and analysis of cumulative citations. The second stage analyzes the primary approaches, strategies, and scope used in MSG learning. Finally, the primary topic analysis of several previous studies on MSG. Therefore, the study results illustrate that there are eleven main topics in MSG in social science disciplines; some of the propositions on these topics are summarized.
Understanding the Adoption and Use of Digital Mental Health Apps Among College Students: Secondary Analysis of a National Survey
Authors: Bautista Justine , Schueller Stephen M
Published: December 2022

Background

Increasing rates of mental health diagnoses in college students signal the need for new opportunities to support the mental health of this population. With many mental health apps being efficacious, they may be a promising resource for college campuses to provide support to their students. However, it is important to understand why (or why not) students might want to use apps and their desired features.

Objective

Information on students’ interest in mental health apps may inform which apps are to be provided and how campuses can support their use. This study aimed to understand the interest and hesitation in app use and the relationship between mental health needs, as defined by depression, anxiety, and positive mental health, and app use.

Methods

The web-based Healthy Minds Study collected information on mental health needs, perceptions, and service use across colleges and universities. We used a sample of 989 participants who completed the survey between 2018 and 2020 and an elective module on digital mental health. We analyzed the elective module responses using a mixed methods approach, including both descriptive and inferential statistics, along with thematic coding for open text responses.

Results

The Results from this study revealed that anxiety (b=−0.07; P<.001), but not depression (b=0.03; P=.12) and positive mental health (b=−0.02; P=.17), was a significant predictor of app adoption. Prominent qualitative findings indicated that the most desired app features included tips and advice, access to resources and information, and on-demand support that involves interaction throughout the day. The participants also suggested an overall desire for human interaction to be integrated into an app. As predicted, hesitancy was encountered, and the qualitative results suggested that there was a lack of interest in the adoption of mental health app and preference.

Conclusions

The findings from this study underscore that simply providing digital mental health apps as tools may be insufficient to support their use in college campuses. Although many students were open to using a mental health app, hesitation and uncertainty were common in the participant responses. Working with colleges and universities to increase digital literacy and provide resources that allow students to gauge when app use is appropriate may be helpful when implementing mental health apps as resources in college campuses.
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate "mami-educ", a mHealth intervention to reduce gestational obesity: Towards personalized prevention. (Preprint)
Authors: Chiarello Delia Indira , Pardo Fabian , Moya Jessica , Pino Maricela , Rodríguez Andrea , Araneda María Eugenia , Bertini Ayleen , Gutiérrez Jaime
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

The World Federation of Obesity (WOF) warns that the main health problem of the next decade will be childhood obesity. It is known that factors such as gestational obesity produce profound effects of fetal programming and is a strong predictor of overweight and obesity in children. Therefore, establishing healthy eating behaviors during pregnancy is key to the primary prevention of the intergenerational transmission of obesity. Mobile health programs (mHealth) are potentially more effective than face-to-face interventions, especially during a public health emergency such as the COVID-19 outbreak.

OBJECTIVE

to evaluate the effectiveness of an mHealth intervention to reduce excessive weight gain in pregnant women who attend family health care centers.

METHODS

The design of the intervention corresponds to a classic randomized clinical trial (RCT). The participants are pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy who live in urban and semi-urban areas. Before starting the intervention, a survey will be applied to identify the barriers and facilitators perceived by pregnant women to adopt healthy eating behaviors. The dietary intake will be estimated in the same way. The intervention will last 12 weeks and consists of sending messages through multimedia messaging service with food education, addressing the three domains of learning (cognitive, affective and psychomotor). Descriptive statistics will be used to analyze the demographic, socioeconomic, and obstetric characteristics of the respondents. The analysis strategy follows the intention-to-treat principle. Logistic regression analysis will be used to compare the intervention with routine care on maternal pregnancy outcome and perinatal outcome.

RESULTS

Recruitment of study participants began in June 2022 and is still ongoing. Until now, 40 participants have responded to the diagnostic survey, of which 21 were admitted to the intervention group and 19 as the control group. The expected timeframe for completing recruitment and data analysis is around November 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

We hope that the findings of this study will generate knowledge to design and implement personalized prevention strategies to reduce excessive gestational weight gain.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT05114174
The Indigenous Australian Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Cohort Study 2, Continuation for 5 to 10 Years: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hedges Joanne , Sethi Sneha , Garvey Gail , Whop Lisa J , Canfell Karen , Dodd Zell , Larkins Priscilla , Antonsson Annika , Smith Megan A , Mittinty Murthy , Leane Catherine , Reid Nicolas , Ooi Eng H , Ju Xiangqun , Logan Richard , Jamieson Lisa
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a common sexually transmitted disease, is associated with cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and head and neck. Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC; throat cancer) is a type of cancer involving the head and neck area that is rapidly increasing across the globe. There are higher rates of OPSCC among Indigenous populations relative to non–Indigenous Australian populations, although the HPV-attributable fraction remains unknown. For the first time at a global level, we plan to extend an Indigenous Australian adult cohort to monitor, screen, and ultimately prevent HPV-associated OPSCC and to undertake extensive cost-effectiveness modelling around HPV vaccination.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to (1) extend follow-up to a minimum of 7 years post recruitment to describe the prevalence, incidence, clearance, and persistence of oral HPV infection; and (2) conduct clinical examinations of the head and neck, oral cavity, and oropharynx and collect saliva samples for early-stage OPSCC testing.

METHODS

We will continue to implement a longitudinal design for the next study phase, where we will ascertain the prevalence, incidence, clearance, and persistence of oral HPV infection at 48, 60, and 72 months; undertake clinical examinations/saliva assessments to detect early-stage OPSCC; and refer for treatment. The primary outcome measures are changes in oral HPV infection status, biomarker measures of early HPV-related cancer, and clinical evidence of early-stage OPSCC.

RESULTS

Participant 48-month follow-up will commence in January 2023. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication 1 year after 48-month follow-up begins.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings have potential to change the way in which OPSCC among Australian Indigenous adults is managed, with desired impacts including cost-savings on expensive cancer treatments; improved nutritional, social, and emotional outcomes; and improved quality of life for both Indigenous adults and the Indigenous community more broadly. Continuing a large, representative Indigenous adult cohort to track oral HPV infection and monitor early OPSCC is essential to yield critical information to include in the management armamentarium of health and well-being recommendations for Australia’s First Nations.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/44593
Integrated Personal Health Record in Indonesia: Design Science Research Study (Preprint)
Authors: Harahap Nabila Clydea , Handayani Putu Wuri , Hidayanto Achmad Nizar
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Personal health records (PHRs) are consumer-centric tools designed to facilitate the tracking, management, and sharing of personal health information. PHR research has mainly been conducted in high-income countries rather than in low- and middle-income countries. Moreover, previous studies that proposed PHR design in low- and middle-income countries did not describe integration with other systems, or there was no stakeholder involvement in exploring PHR requirements.

OBJECTIVE

This study developed an integrated PHR architecture and prototype in Indonesia using design science research. We conducted the research in Indonesia, a low- to middle-income country with the largest population in Southeast Asia and a tiered health system.

METHODS

This study followed the design science research guidelines. The requirements were identified through interviews with 37 respondents from health organizations and a questionnaire with 1012 patients. Afterward, the proposed architecture and prototype were evaluated via interviews with 6 IT or eHealth experts.

RESULTS

The architecture design refers to The Open Group Architecture Framework version 9.2 and comprises 5 components: architecture vision, business architecture, application architecture, data architecture, and technology architecture. We developed a high-fidelity prototype for patients and physicians. In the evaluation, improvements were made to add the stakeholders and the required functionality to the PHR and add the necessary information to the functions that were developed in the prototype.

CONCLUSIONS

We used design science to illustrate PHR integration in Indonesia, which involves related stakeholders in requirement gathering and evaluation. We developed architecture and application prototypes based on health systems in Indonesia, which comprise routine health services, including disease treatment and health examinations, as well as promotive and preventive health efforts.