bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BK virus nephropathy in kidney transplantation (literature review
Authors: Popov S. V. , Huseynov R. G. , Sivak K. V. , Isakova-Sivak I. N. , Perepelitsa V. V. , Lelyavina T. A.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a review of the literature on the current problem of modern transplantology – BK viral nephropathy after nephrotransplantation. Risk factors for BK virus reactivation in immunocompromised patients are reflected. The issues of screening and diagnosis of BK viral infection in people with a transplanted kidney are considered. The role of BK viral nephropathy in renal graft loss is emphasized. The clinical manifestations and treatment strategies of BK viral nephropathy in kidney transplantation are discussed.
Galectin-3 in recipients with kidney graft dysfunction: analysis of predictive significance
Authors: Velikiy D. A. , Sharapchenko S. O. , Gichkun O. E. , Stolyarevich E. S. , Saydulaev D. A. , Osoblivaya M. A. , Mamedova A. A. , Shevchenko O. P.
Published: September 2024

One of the most pressing issues in contemporary transplantology is the ongoing search for less invasive methods that would identify potential complications that recipients of solid organ transplants may encounter. Profibrogenic factor galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a potential marker of such complications. It is presumed that it may be involved in regulatory processes in both physiological and pathological conditions; Gal-3 is of particular importance in diseases associated with chronic inflammation and fibrosis.

Objective: to assess the predictive significance of Gal-3, determined in the recipients’ serum, in the pathology of a transplanted kidney.

Materials and methods. The study included 138 kidney recipients aged from 5 to 68 years and a group of healthy individuals (n = 11). Recipients’ serum Gal-3 levels were measured by immunoenzymatic method.

Results. Among the kidney recipients, 91 patients had kidney graft dysfunction according to laboratory and clinical data, which served as an indication to perform a graft biopsy with morphologic examination of the samples. In kidney recipients, Gal-3 levels were significantly different and higher than in healthy individuals, p = 0.017; it did not correlate with most blood test parameters, but there was an inverse correlation with graft glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r = –0.174; p = 0.043). Recipients’ Gal-3 levels were independent of their tacrolimus blood levels. Kidney recipients with graft dysfunction had considerably higher Gal-3 levels (p = 0.0003) compared to those without. Comparative analysis significantly showed higher Gal-3 concentrations in recipients with acute cellular rejection (ACR, p = 0.005), antibody-mediated rejection (AMR, p = 0.016) and сalcineurin inhibitor (CNI) nephrotoxicity (p = 0.006) compared to recipients without dysfunction. Recipients with signs of CNI nephrotoxicity tended to have higher Gal-3 levels when compared to recipients with graft dysfunction of other etiology (p = 0.08). Kidney recipients with Gal-3 levels above the calculated threshold value of 7.63 ng/mL had a 2.89-fold higher risk of developing chronic graft dysfunction and/or requiring hemodialysis compared with the rest of the kidney recipients (RR = 2.89 ± 0.46 [95% CI 1.17–7.11]), with 76.2% sensitivity and 56.1% specificity of the test.

Conclusion. The threshold serum Gal-3 level in kidney recipients can be considered a predictor of an unfavorable graft outcome (chronic graft dysfunction and/or a need for renal replacement therapy).
Organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation in 2023. 16th Report from the Registry of the Russian Transplant Society
Authors: Gautier S. V. , Khomyakov S. M.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to study current trends and advancements in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on data from the year 2023.

Materials and methods. Heads of organ transplant centers were surveyed through questionnaires. The Russian Ministry of Health’s information accounting system was used for data control. A comparative analysis of data collected over years from various federal subjects of the Russian Federation and transplant centers was conducted.

Results. Based on data retrieved from the National Registry in 2023, there were 50 kidney, 34 liver and 22 heart transplant programs existing in the Russian Federation as of the year 2023. Organ donation activity in 2023 was 6.3 per million population (p.m.p.), with a 77.2% multi-organ procurement rate and an average of 2.9 organs procured from one effective donor. In 2023, 3,057 organ transplants were performed in the Russian Federation, which included 1,817 kidney, 829 liver and 388 heart transplants. Same year, the number of transplant surgeries performed in the Russian Federation increased by 19.6% compared to 2022. Organ donation activity in Moscow was 29.1 p.m.p. The city of Moscow and Moscow Oblast alone had a total of 12 transplant centers, which accounted for 50.2% of all kidney transplants and 63.1% of all extrarenal transplants nationwide. There are more than 143.4 p.m.p. organ recipients in the Russian Federation.

Conclusion. The geographic spread of transplant centers in the Russian Federation continues to expand. In 2023, five new centers were opened. Over the past year, the country has seen an increase in the number of effective donors and organ transplants. Because medical facilities still have untapped resources, the number of organ transplants performed is expected to rise. Moscow is the powerhouse of Russian transplantology. Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs and its branch perform 27.4% of the total number of organ transplants in the country. Among the successful regional initiatives, the following should be noted: the Republic of Tatarstan, Kemerovo Oblast (Kuzbass), St. Petersburg, Tyumen Oblast, Irkutsk Oblast. In the Russian Federation, pediatric transplant care is prioritized.
Russian National Congress of Cardiology 2024. COLLECTION OF ABSTRACTS
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2024

.
VERTIGEM DA URGÊNCIA: TRABALHO DOCENTE E SAÚDE NA VISÃO DE SINDICALISTAS NO BRASIL E PORTUGAL
Authors: Souza Katia Reis , Mendonça André Luis Oliveira
Published: September 2024

O principal objetivo deste estudo consiste em problematizar mudanças ocorridas no trabalho docente da educação básica na perspectiva de professores em exercício de direção sindical no Brasil e em Portugal. Defende-se a tese de que se vive uma nova fase de organização capitalista dos processos de trabalho, na qual as tecnologias digitais possuem relevância no tempo laboral com consequências coletivas para a saúde. No plano teórico, lançou-se mão de parâmetros para estudo dos limites da jornada de trabalho, cuja vertente postula a resistência e a luta política para se contrapor aos antigos modos de exploração e às novas formas de dominação. Quanto aos procedimentos no campo de estudo, adotou-se a pesquisa social de caráter qualitativo junto a sindicatos docentes nos dois países, sendo que as estratégias de investigação foram diferenciadas. No Brasil, foram realizadas duas oficinas em ambientes digitais com dez sindicalistas e em Portugal efetuaram-se entrevistas individuais com cinco sindicalistas. A interpretação dos materiais de campo foi realizada por meio da técnica de análise temática, chegando-se a três categorias principais de análise: flexibilização e alienação do tempo laboral coletivo; hora tecnológica, burnout e o direito à desconexão do trabalho; tempo de resistências. Na perspectiva dos participantes de pesquisa, predominam, em ambos países, a realização de horas extraordinárias de trabalho, a sobrecarga laboral e a grande quantidade de tarefas. Embora, verifica-se a fragilidade dos sindicatos no contexto internacional, ainda se constituem em importantes coletivos que lutam contra a degradação do trabalho docente e a defesa da educação de qualidade.
DIVERSIDADE RURAL NO BRASIL: SEGURANÇA E INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR
Authors: Delgrossi Mauro
Published: September 2024

O meio rural brasileiro apresenta uma grande heterogeneidade, e parte de seus moradores convivem com altos índices de insegurança alimentar, especialmente entre os assalariados sem registro formal e famílias não ocupadas. No total, 1,4 milhão de famílias enfrentam insegurança alimentar moderada ou grave. Entre os desempregados no campo, 29% vivem nessa condição, enquanto 19% os assalariados agrícolas sem formalização nas relações de também sofrem com essa vulnerabilidade. Na agricultura familiar, 11% sofrem com privações alimentares. A precariedade do trabalho informal, a subocupação e o desemprego são fatores-chave que agravam a insegurança alimentar no campo. O desafio é criar políticas públicas direcionadas que atendam às necessidades específicas desses grupos vulneráveis.
Assessment of phytochemical characteristics of walnut (Juglans regia) leaves: determination of nutritional value and quantitative content of phenolic compounds
Authors: Gaviley Olena , Pankova Svitlana , Poliakova Ludmila , Chorna Ganna
Published: September 2024

Objective. This study aimed to (1) assess the nutritional value of walnut leaves (Juglans regia), (2) investigate the content of major polyphenolic compounds in walnut leaves, and (3) assess the potential of walnut leaves as a phytogenic supplement to poultry diets. Methods. The nutritional composition of dried ground walnut leaves (crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin E, b-carotene) was assessed according to generally accepted methods. The quantitative content of individual groups of polyphenols, such as total phenols, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, and juglon, was determined spectrophotometrically. The content of the sum of tannins was determined by the titrimetric method. Results. Walnut leaves contain a high content of b-carotene (295.0 µg/g) and natural antioxidant vitamin E (128.8 µg/g). The protein content was noted at the level of 12.5%, the fiber content - 12.86%. In a significant amount, calcium and phosphorus accumulated in walnut leaves - 2.04% and 0.23%, respectively. The content of the total hydroxycoric acids in terms of chlorogenic acid in walnut leaves was 24.3 mg/g, the total content of phenolic compounds in gallic acid equivalent was 14.4 mg/g, flavonoids in rutin equivalent was 20.2 mg/g, and juglone was 2.72 mg/g. The content of total tannins in walnut leaves was 124.5 mg/g. Conclusion. The high nutritional value of walnut leaves compared to alfalfa meal and the presence of a number of biologically active polyphenolic compounds in a significant amount give grounds to consider this phyto-raw material not only as a valuable feed component, but also as a source of natural antioxidants.
Bringing river health into being with citizen science: River commons co-learning and practice
Authors: Mickelsson Martin , Thifhulufhelwi Reuben , Mvulane Paulose , Brownell Faye , Russell Charlene , Lotz-Sisitka Heila
Published: September 2024

Human health and well-being are directly and indirectly dependent on the life of river systems. Life in river systems is increasingly dependent on human actions that bring river health into being. Rather than describing river health as thing, problem or management challenge, this paper explores how river health is brought into being, through the citizen science practices of the Amanzi Ethu Nobuntu project in the upper uMngeni catchment in South Africa. The study draws on focal data produced by citizen science practitioners, as interpreted by them in collaboration with partners in the catchment, and their reflections on the meaning(s) of river health and how it came into being. Drawing on the concepts of citizen science as a co-learning process, integrative views of One Health, and commoning as activity, the study offers a rich interpretation on how river health comes into being. The study shows the complex interrelated practices involved, including practices of resolving leaks and pollution challenges, social and community engagement, and the co-learning involved in citizen science practices itself. It offers insight into the social-ecological and ethical-political ontological dynamics of river health commoning activity, thus offering alternatives to reductionist approaches to bringing river health into being, potentially also enriching tools for river health reporting.
Local and national stakeholders collaborate to take on Prosopis invasions with biological control and biomass use in South Africa
Authors: Ivey Philip , van Staden Gretha , Harding Graham , Oosthuizen Dirk , Hoft Elmarie , van Staden Philip , Anthonissen Eben , Weaver Kim , Hill Martin , Shackleton Ross
Published: September 2024

Research that directs the way stakeholders act and how they collaborate is essential when addressing complex environmental challenges in the field of sustainability science. For example, researchers attempting to manage Prosopis invasions through biological control in South Africa have historically faced challenges from stakeholders. In this study, we illustrate the importance of stakeholder engagement and social learning by outlining the collaborative efforts of various stakeholders to promote effective, integrative and sustainable management of Prosopis invasions in the Northern Cape, South Africa. Through a community of practice approach, stakeholders worked together over the past half-decade in an attempt to develop a National Strategy for Prosopis management and improve its control. This strategy aimed not only to emphasise the need for integration of biomass use (aimed at offsetting the costs of mechanical clearing and necessary herbicide use) but also to underscore the significance of biocontrol alongside other management approaches. Stakeholders also identified that adequate farm-scale planning is necessary to provide a sense of purpose and assist in monitoring of progress. We worked alongside land managers and experts to develop such plans. The engagement of local champions played a crucial role in facilitating collaboration and learning among stakeholders, emphasising the significance of inclusive approaches in addressing complex sustainability challenges. In addition, we gained an understanding of how to develop the community of practice to enhance collaboration that ensures the implementation of plans to better manage Prosopis. Our findings underscore the necessity of meaningful stakeholder engagement and collaboration in effective invasive species management. By promoting understanding and involvement of diverse stakeholders, initiatives can have a greater impact in addressing broader sustainability issues.
General Data Protection Regulation, Right to Be Forgotten, Blockchain Technology and Human Rights
Authors: Celador Angón Oscar
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to offer some reflections on the role that new technologies can play in the field of human rights, and specially from the point of view of the general data protection regulation and blockchain technology. The European Union General Data Protection Regulation of 2016 has modified the regulatory framework in key aspects for human rights, such as the consent of the individuals affected by the processing of their data, the right to data portability, or the right to be forgotten.In line with this approach, the first part of the study focuses especially on the regulation of the right to be forgotten and the rights to privacy and respect for privacy. In the second part of my study, the paper analyses the role that blockchain technology can play in guaranteeing and protecting human rights, as well as in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Reconciliation as practice of universality
Authors: Moos Thorsten
Published: September 2024

A new concept of reconciliation practices is developed by using the liberal theory of justice by John Rawls. In this perspective, reconciliation appears as a prerequisite of justice, denoting and rearraging the limits of any given community of justice. By drawing on examples in the fields of the restitution of looted art, the inclusion of handicapped people, religions in urban contexts and environmental ethics, practices of reconciliation are shown to be ambigous and incomplete in time, extent, depth and unconditionality. This observation leads to a theological interpretation of reconciliation as an eschatological concept that is proposed to interpret current major issues of justice and reconciliation.
Restitution
Authors: Cloete Anita Louisa
Published: September 2024

The lyrics of the song Another Country by Mango Groove, released in 1993, inspired and informed this reflection. The overarching aim of the paper is to engage with restitution by focusing on two central aspects, namely remembering together (collective memory) and intergenerational dialogue as an example of collective memory. The complexity of remembering is underscored by discussing the importance of both the past and the future as non-negotiable aspects thereof. It is argued that keeping a creative tension between remembering the past while creating our future, is essential. Besides diversity constituted by race, class, and geographical or spatial context, the discussion highlights the significance and urgency of intergenerational dialogue especially in a post apartheid’s South Africa.
Virtuális térhasználat és ennek hatásai a gyermekeknél 7 éves korig
Authors: Boros Eszter
Published: September 2024

A 21. század digitális korának térnyerésével az okoseszközök által nyújtott vir-tuális és kiterjesztett valóságok, mint a VR és AR (Virtual Reality és Aug-mented Reality) hatása egyre inkább érvényesül a gyermekek és szüleik éle-tében. A VR és az AR a valóság egyfajta látszólagos kibővítése, mellyel például az okostelefonok kamerájával szétnézve a valós környezetbe virtuális elemeket vetítenek. Jelen kutatás empirikus módszerekkel vizsgálja a 0–7 éves korosztály VR használati szokásait Magyarországon, ezáltal árnyalt képet adva a jelenlegi helyzetről. A szakirodalom elemzése alapján következtetések von-hatók le arról, hogy milyen mértékben lehetnek hasznosak vagy károsak e tech-nológiák a gyerekek és szüleik számára, figyelembe véve a tudományos és pszichológiai szempontokat. A gyermekek számára elkerülhetetlen az okos-eszközök használata és nem is az a megfelelő irány, hogy kiiktassuk az életükből az ilyen eszközöket. A kutatás legfőbb tanulsága, ami nemzetközi kutatások által is alátámasztott, hogy egészséges eszközhasználatra kell a gyermekeket megtanítani már a születéstől kezdve.
A case series of brucellosis: A great mimicker
Authors: Bhat Sandhya , Dinakaran Sridevi , Nair Shashikala , Solomon Prince , Iqbal Nayyar , Phansalkar Dilip Shankar
Published: September 2024

Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease worldwide. Although it is commonly neglected in India, there are pockets where it is prevalent. The disease tends to involve multiple organs, mimicking other illnesses. The symptoms are fever, sweating, and musculoskeletal pain. In 40-70% of patients, musculoskeletal involvement is the most common systemic manifestation. Blood culture, serological tests, and PCR are the available test formats for diagnosing brucellosis. Automated blood culture methods enable earlier diagnosis of brucellosis when presenting as a case of Fever of unknown origin (FUO). Here, we present four cases of brucellosis in a nonendemic area. Of these, two cases presented as spondylodiscitis, mimicking TB spine, one as endocarditis, and the other as acute brucellosis. All four cases were diagnosed with microbiological and radiological diagnostic support and successfully treated as per standard treatment guidelines. The possibility of brucellosis as a differential diagnosis in patients with nonspecific symptoms affecting the bones and unexplained prolonged fever should be considered.
Moisés Gámez y Jorge Olvera Aguilar (2021). En medio del fracaso y la transformación empresarial. Toyoda de México: laboratorio industrial de bienes de capital, 1953-1961
Authors: Núñez-Tapia Francisco Alberto
Published: September 2024

Sin resumen.
Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for Control of Bleeding during External Dacryocystorhinostomy under General Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sharifi Mohammad , Kiarudi Mohammad Yaser , Gholamhoseinpoor-Omran Samaneh , Alipour Mohammad , Bakhtiari Elham
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid administered prior to external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery to decrease intraoperative bleeding under general anesthesia.Methods: This was a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial. A total of 70 patients (35 intervention and 35 control) with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) who were selected for DCR surgery between September 2021 and September 2022 were included. After clinical examinations and laboratory tests, patients were randomly classified into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 10 mg/kg intravenous tranexamic acid to a maximum dose of 1 gr 30 minutes before the surgery. Controls received normal saline solution as a placebo. The amount of intraoperative bleeding and surgical time were compared between the two groups.Results: The intervention group included 21 men (60%) and 14 women (40%), while the control group included 19 men (54.3%) and 16 women (45.7%). The mean ages of the participants were 55.46 ± 10.8 years and 58.06 ± 11.28 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in the surgical time analysis (control group: 37.74 ± 9.52 minutes vs intervention: 26.03 ± 10.5 minutes; P < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the bleeding volume between the intervention (70.66 ± 48.19 ml) and control (47.74 ± 60 ml) groups (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Intravenous tranexamic acid administration before the DCR procedure can successfully control bleeding during the surgery.
Type and Frequency of Misdiagnosis and Time Lag to Diagnosis in Patients with Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
Authors: Karimi Nasser , Ghahvehchian Hossein , Keyhani Ali , Manavishad Amir , J Compton Christopher , D Clark Jeremy , L West Nicole , Bahmani Kashkouli Mohsen
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Since ptosis is an early feature of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO), patients are commonly misdiagnosed with other causes of ptosis. This study aims to report the type and frequency of misdiagnosis and time lag to diagnosis and the palpebral fissure transfer (PFT) procedure in patients with CPEO. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with CPEO who underwent PFT between 2006 and 2017. The data on previous diagnoses and treatments, age at definitive diagnosis of CPEO, and clinical manifestations were recorded. While the diagnosis of CPEO was based on clinical examination, 75% (24/32) of patients had undergone a confirmatory muscle biopsy and genetic tests. Results: There were 32 patients (19 females) with a mean age of 24.8 years (range, 13–36) at the final diagnosis and 34.1 years (range, 15–56) at the time of PFT. Also, 78% (25/32) of patients had been initially misdiagnosed with congenital ptosis (60%; 15/25) and ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) (40%; 10/25). The majority of patients (20/32) had one to three previous eyelid surgical procedures, of which 90% (18/20) were performed before the definitive diagnosis of CPEO. The mean time lag from the first surgical procedure to CPEO diagnosis and PFT was 6.2 and 14.7 years, respectively. Conclusion: In a referral center, 78% of the patients with CPEO were initially misdiagnosed with congenital ptosis and OMG, and 56% of them underwent ptosis repair before the diagnosis. While the onset of the disease was in the first or second decades of life, diagnosis was delayed up to a mean age of 25 years. Reviewing early family photos and paying attention to other signs of CPEO could prevent misdiagnosis.
Editorial – Keratoprosthesis Surgery: Evolution and Global Adaptations
Authors: Soleimani Mohammad , R. Djalilian Ali
Published: September 2024

This is an Editorial and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article in HTML.
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in the Zhambyl Region: Epidemiological Features of the Occurrence of Infection in 2023
Authors: Nurmakhanov Talgat I. , Tukhanova Nur B. , Turebekov Nurkeldi A. , Shin Anna L. , Zhumadilova Zauresh B. , Tokmurziyeva Gulnara Zh. , Shinaliyev Baydilda S. , Mulikova Neili O.
Published: September 2024

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute tick-borne viral infection with a high fatality rate. The main vector of the CCHF virus is ticks of the genus Hyalomma. Humans get infected through tick bites or by direct contact with the blood of infected humans or domestic animals. The endemic regions of CCHF in Kazakhstan are Kyzylorda, Turkestan, and Zhambyl. In the Zhambyl region, the first evidence of human cases was reported in 1982. In the following years, cases of CCHF were annually registered in two districts (Sarysu and Moiynkum) of the Zhambyl region. The study goal is twofold: 1) to provide a retrospective review of CCHF cases reported through the surveillance system in the Zhambyl region from 1991 to 2023 and 2) to analyze epidemiological features of CCHF cases in the Zhambyl region in 2023. Surveillance data on CCHF during the 1991–2023 period in the Zhambyl region were extracted from the “Report on selected infectious and parasitic diseases”. Incidence (per 100,000 population) was defined as the number of annual new cases divided by the total population each year. Descriptive analysis was performed on case characteristics, time, and place of CCHF cases in the Zhambyl region in 2023. In total, 216 cases of CCHF were reported from 1991 to 2023. The incidence increased sharply with peak activity in 1995 and has declined since 2002. The natural foci of the disease have shifted from the Sarysu and Moiynkum districts to the Shu, Bayzak, and Zhambyl districts. Overall, 12 cases of CCHF were reported in the Zhambyl region in 2023, mainly in nonendemic (Shu, Bayzak, Zhambyl) districts. An analysis of epidemiological data for 2023 showed that the first peak of CCHF incidence was in March-June, with another peak from October to November. We observed dynamic distribution of CCHF in the Zhambyl region from 1991 to 2023, wherein Sarysu and Moiynkum endemic districts foci tended to increase by expanding to the Shu, Bayzak, Zhambyl districts. The disease trend is seasonal, and the life cycle of ticks can indirectly influence morbidity rates. Additional research is needed to elucidate the environmental, meteorological, and social factors associated with CCHF incidence in different decades.
Culture of Immature Ovarian Follicles within Decellularized Ovary Enhances Oocyte Maturation and Improves In vitro Fertilization Results
Authors: Alaee Sanaz , Moradi Lida , Marcu Daniel , Shokri Saeed , Talaei- Khozani Tahereh , Zal Fatemeh
Published: September 2024

The goal of this study is to improve methodologies that define the maturation of ovarian follicles and enhance in vitro fertilization by employing decellularized ovaries. Preantral follicles of mice were cultured for 14 days in both the decellularized ovary and two- dimensional (2D) conditions. The oocyte maturation rate, fertilization rate, and the subsequent embryo development rate were assessed in 2D and the decellularized ovary and compared to in vivo condition. Additionally, the gene expression profile of IGF1R, integrin αvβ3, Cox2, Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl2 l1 was determined in blastocysts. The culture in the decellularized ovary showed a significantly higher number of MII oocytes in comparison to the 2D culture (P < 0.05). Compared to in vivo, both the 2D and the decellularized ovary cultures exhibited significantly lower percentages of MII oocytes, 2PN, two-cell, cleavage, and blastocyst (P < 0.05). In the decellularized ovary culture, significantly higher percentages of 2PN and blastocyst were observed (P < 0.05) compared to the 2D culture. The gene expression level of IGF1R and Cox2 in blastocysts from both the 2D and the decellularized ovary cultures was markedly lower compared to in vivo. However, the gene expression levels of Integrin αv and β3 were comparable in blastocysts derived from in vivo and decellularized ovary-matured oocytes. Blastocysts derived from decellularized ovary-matured oocytes showed a higher bcl211 expression level compared to the blastocysts from 2D (P < 0.05). Employing decellularized ovarian tissues methodologies for in vitro maturation of oocytes provides a promising avenue towards generating embryos with improved implantation potential.
Violencia, (in)seguridad y desplazamiento forzado: la pérdida de derechos políticos como derechos humanos en las estrategias de seguridad en México
Authors: González Orozco Paulina
Published: September 2024

El presente ensayo articula un análisis en torno a la pérdida de derechos políticos y humanos, así como respecto a la categoría de ciudadanía en las estrategias de seguridad en México de los últimos 15 años. A partir de su materialización en el desplazamiento forzado interno ‑producto indirecto de estas estrategias de corte reactivo‑ se articulan ideas en dos dimensiones. Por un lado, una institucional en relación a la pertenencia y la posibilidad de acceder tanto a derechos políticos como a derechos humanos. Por el otro, una social en términos de inclusión y exclusión de quienes que viven el desplazamiento forzado. Las consecuencias de la pérdida de ambos derechos, así como la de la fractura del tejido social, apuntan a la crítica de los resultados en materia de seguridad en la que la población civil, en especial aquella que ya vive en condiciones de vulnerabilidad.
Polskie dziennikarstwo wojenne
Authors: Bednarek Zbigniew
Published: September 2024

Publikacja jest częścią studiów nad stosunkami międzynarodowymi w kontekście ich relacji z mediami i dziennikarzami, zwłaszcza dziennikarstwem wojennym. Zarysowane w publikacji tło historyczne i polityczne wojen, w połączeniu z analizą dziennikarskich prezentacji wojen, ujawnia punkt styczności między polityką międzynarodową a społeczeństwami i mediami. W monografii, każdorazowo kreśląc tło polityczno-historyczne wojen, zanalizowano ponad 40 dziennikarskich sprawozdań wojennych wydanych w formie książkowej, z 9 wojen, prowadzonych od 1918 r. do początku XXI wieku, w różnych częściach świata (Europa, Afryka, Indochiny, Kaukaz, Bałkany, Irak, Afganistan). Ponadto w opracowaniu przedstawiono pracę dziennikarzy w czasie wojny na przestrzeni lat, tradycję relacji wojennej od starożytności oraz jej status w dziennikarstwie światowym, definicję i typologię korespondentów wojennych, kwestie źródeł, etyki zawodowej, wartości dokumentalnej sprawozdań, a także propagandy wojennej i sposobów oddziaływania na odbiorców. Ważne miejsce w pracy zajmują wojskowe komunikaty i sprawozdania od wojny polsko-bolszewickiej do misji pokojowej i misji stabilizacyjnej na przełomie XX i XXI wieku, a także praca oficerów prasowych Wojska Polskiego.
Educação e envelhecimento: uma análise comparativa entre a UNATI/UEM e a Carta Brasileira para Cidades Inteligentes
Authors: Ferreira de Alvarenga João Vitor , Oliveira Terezinha , Costa do Nascimento Mariana
Published: September 2024

Esse artigo tem por objetivo estabelecer uma análise comparativa entre a Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade (UNATI/UEM) e a Carta Brasileira para Cidades Inteligentes. Para atender a esse objetivo, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho documental. Os resultados indicam seis pontos convergentes entre os documentos: a importância sobre a qualidade de vida dos idosos; planejamento de ações sociais para atendimento dessa população; acesso a serviços culturais e educacionais; incentivo às transformações tecnológicas; formação de profissionais para atendimento à terceira idade perpassando o ensino, pesquisa e extensão e o atendimento hospitalar às pessoas idosas. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento de políticas de envelhecimento e a formação de recursos humanos para o atendimento de pessoas idosas, possibilitam mudanças a respeito da concepção de velhice, promovendo a qualidade de vida do idoso.
Predicting Whelping Day with Early Pregnancy Ultrasonography and Induction of Parturition using Mifepristone on the Expected Delivery Date in Bitches
Authors: Simon Shibu , Emadudeen Niyas , Devarajan Nayana , Thomas Rinu , Hind P. Anzeena
Published: September 2024

Background: Inducing whelping in canines is becoming an accepted practice in obstetrical management to ensure safe pregnancy outcomes, although pinpointing the exact day for induction poses challenges. The precise timing of delivery is vital for foetal survival, as the placenta¢s nutrient supply cannot sustain the foetus beyond the expected delivery date (EDD). Additionally, completing the full gestation term is crucial for comprehensive organ development, especially for the maturation of the lungs. Methods: The present retrospective observational study was aimed to evaluate the accuracy of whelping day prediction by early pregnancy ultrasonography and to propose a viable whelping induction protocol with mifepristone on the EDD to improve the overall reproductive efficiency in canines. Result: Among 115 pregnancies in Group I, 69.57 % whelped exactly on the predicted day (±0), 93.04% whelped within ±1 day and 100% within ±2 days. In Group II, among 124 pregnancies 69.35% whelped on or before the EDD. Of the 38 bitches that did not whelp by the evening of EDD and which were given two doses of mifepristone, 73.68% whelped within 24 h. An additional 4 of the remaining 10 bitches whelped within 36 hours, resulting in an overall whelping induction response of 84.21 % and a cumulative vaginal birth rate of 95.16%. Six bitches (4.84%) required a caesarean section (CS) 36 h post-induction. The percentages of normal whelping, dystocia and CS varied significantly across Groups I, II and III, with Group II showing a significant reduction in dystocia and caesareans, supporting the hypothesis of inducing whelping with mifepristone on the prediction day to have more vaginal births. The percentage of animals that had CS in Groups I, II and III were 14.78, 4.84 and 56.67, respectively. The perinatal mortality rates were 14.83%, 10.47% and 25.15% in Groups I, II and III, respectively, with Group II showing significantly better puppy survivability.
Why Don’t Firms File Tax Returns on Time? Evidence from the Indian GST
Authors: Gupta Bhanu , Velayudhan Tejaswi , Dhawan Prince , Garg Ankur
Published: September 2024

Information is central to tax enforcement, and taxpayers’ regular filings provide crucial information for the enforcement of value-added taxes (VAT). Yet, some taxpayers either do not file their returns or file them a long time after the deadline. With tax filings completely digitised in many countries, it is surprising that filing non-compliance remains high. IMF data suggest that between 20 and 60 per cent of eligible returns are unfiled across all major taxes, especially in low-income countries (Brockmeyer et al. 2019). This paper reports on an attempt to improve filing compliance for the Indian VAT, known as the Goods and Services Tax (GST), through low-cost behavioural nudges. Summary of ICTD Working Paper 207.
Les gommiers, essences de reboisement pour les régions sahéliennes
Authors: Giffard Pierre-Louis
Published: September 2024

Parmi les nombreuses espèces d'Acacia, seuls Acacia senegal et A. laeta sont considérés comme de véritables gommiers, car la gomme arabique qu'ils sécrètent fait l'objet d'un commerce actif.L'auteur décrit les deux espèces et examine leur répartition et leurs exigences écologiques, ainsi que la production de la gomme, son utilisation et sa commercialisation.La régénération naturelle du gommier est toujours difficile, et le rajeunissement des plantations par étêtage et leur enrichissement par dispersion de graines ont conduit à autant d'échecs.La méthode des "vergers de gommiers" employée au Soudan, où l'Acacia repousse naturellement sur les zones cultivées abandonnées, n'est pas applicable au Sénégal. Au Tchad, la méthode de semis "taungya" a été tentée ; elle donne de bons résultats si l'entretien est adéquat, mais elle serait trop coûteuse au Sénégal.C'est pourquoi la multiplication par plantation a été développée au Sénégal et s'est avérée efficace.
Compte rendu de la session de printemps de l'A.T.I.B.T.
Authors: Rédacteur de la revue Bois et Forêts des Tropiques
Published: September 2024

La Session de Printemps de l’Association Technique Internationale des Bois Tropicaux (ATIBT) s'est tenue à Paris les 13 et 14 mai 1975 au Centre technique du Bors sous la présidence de M. Walter Bouchard, Président Général, assisté de M. Cuinot, Secrétaire Général. Près de soixante-dix membres des diverses branches professionnelles représentées à l'Association, qui s'intéressent aux bois tropicaux sous tous leurs aspects : producteurs, importateurs, exportateurs, négociants, industriels, représentants de Centres Techniques et d'Instituts de recherches appartenant à dix-huit pays sur les vingt-six qui sont représentés au sein de l'ATIBT ont participé aux travaux des diverses commissions.
FERTILITY AND PREGNANCY DURING THE PANDEMIC AT THE DAYAK MERATUS TRIBE
Authors: Kartika Norma Yuni , Farid Fuad Muhajirin , Azizah Nor Aufa
Published: September 2024

Fertility rate in South Kalimantan in 2017 is the same as Indonesia’s in 2.4. This figure is below the target figure for the 2020-2021 National Medium-Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional/RPJMN) in 2.1. This study aims to determine the factors affecting fertility and pregnancy which occurred during the pandemic in women of childbearing age (Wanita Usia Subur/WUS) of the Dayak Pitap tribe living in the Meratus Mountains, Ajung Village, Tebing Tinggi District, Balangan Regency, South Kalimantan Province. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The research sample taken was 70 respondents using the quota sampling method with the simple random sampling method. Data processing and analysis was carried out in three stages, to be specific univariate analysis, bivariate with Chi-square statistical test, and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression model. The results of the analysis show that women of childbearing age from the Dayak Meratus/Dayak Pitap tribe who are under 35 years old and have finished elementary school are 24.4% more likely to have 2 children. Therefore, it could be concluded that age and level of education affect the fertility.
Gluteal artery perforator free flaps for breast reconstruction
Authors: Baek Annabel , Chong Tae
Published: September 2024

Free flap autologous breast reconstruction is becoming more and more common for post-mastectomy reconstruction. Abdominally-based tissue flaps are the first choice for many reconstructive breast microsurgeons, but not all patients are candidates, whether due to their leaner habitus or a history of prior abdominal surgery. The gluteal donor site in many patients can provide adequate soft tissue for autologous breast reconstruction, even in lean patients, with a scar that remains well-hidden. This review presents an overview of the superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flap as an invaluable tool for autologous breast reconstruction.
Qualitative Analysis of Public Perception of Work Ethics in Nigeria’s Public Sector
Authors: Afolayan Michael Ayorinde , Aderibigbe Adefisayo Ebenezer , Okanlawon Tobiloba
Published: September 2024

The Nigerian public service is crucial to the country’s economic development. This is because a vibrant public service sector is able to harness effectively overhead taxes and also account for public expenditure at all levels. In this study, we qualitatively analyse the response of 15 individuals from the public who have visited a typical public office at least 3 times within the last one year. An interview form containing 7 items was administered, and the results was analyzed from themes that give true picture of the perception of respondents. It was observed that workers in public service are not professional enough, taking their jobs with levity. The level of unprofessionalism in the public workforce calls for urgent attention as the study finds. Public service workers make up the larger part of the workforce of the nation, and as such they represent the face of the nation to the committee of nations. Government at all levels, that is the federal, the state, and the local council level as well as the various government agencies, departments, and ministries are called upon to cooperate and synergize in order to foster rapid transformation in public service. As a result, this study recommends publics service reforms.
The Effects of Institutional Quality and Human Capital Development on Economic Complexity in Africa: Empirical Evidence from Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Ojonta Obed I.
Published: September 2024

The present study intends to investigate how the complexity of the economy responds to human capital investment and institutional development in Africa by employing the system GMM on panel data comprising 31 African economies over the period 2011-2020. However, earlier studies tended to ignore these interdependencies. More critically, our results indicate that the development of human capital enables the economic complexity in Africa. On the other hand, governance institutions’ quality in terms of control of corruption, voice and accountability, political stability, and the absence of violence and terrorism do not have any impact on economic complexity. Their effect on governance remains insignificant if governance is measured via government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and the rule of law. This research highlights the importance of diversifying African economies by promoting human capital investments and governance reforms that reduce corruption, ensure transparency and accountability in government, and stabilize politics. Our results also show that infrastructural development and GDP per capita are the major drivers of economic complexity in Africa, whereas international tourism appears to have a significant negative effect. Therefore, we provide several policy suggestions to reflect these insights.
Singapore's Blueprint for Excellence: Crafting a World-Class Education System
Authors: Shaturaev Jakhongir
Published: September 2024

This review article explores the remarkable evolution of Singapore's education system, which has been meticulously developed over the past four and a half decades. This system has not only achieved exceptional efficiency but has also garnered global acclaim. A testament to its success is the consistently outstanding performance of Singaporean students in international assessments, in which they frequently outperform their peers from other advanced nations. Singapore's education system is a journey of meticulous crafting from its nascent stages to its current state of excellence. This article examines the various phases of development that have shaped Singapore's educational landscape. A critical aspect of this transformation is the high-quality functioning of educational institutions that are seamlessly integrated into the nation's economic framework. This integration has resulted in an education system that is both compact and robust, thus effectively contributing to Singapore's socioeconomic development. The focal point of this study is the unique administrative and management strategies employed within the Singaporean educational system. These strategies have been instrumental in driving the system towards excellence. The insights presented in this article are drawn from the findings of a 2023 working visit by the administrative delegation of Tashkent State University of Economics to Singapore. Through this visit, the delegation gleaned valuable observations and lessons from Singapore's education model. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of these findings, offering a detailed examination of the elements that constitute Singapore's educational prowess.
Witchcraft Narratives among the Tallensi of Ghana
Authors: Adu-Gyamfi Samuel , Tibil Bersong Dennis , Yakubu Nyaaba Ali
Published: September 2024

Witchcraft and related issues have been part of African metaphysics. It remains one of the most important human predicaments and dynamics that most scholars find difficult to comprehend. Witchcraft accusations have reached alarming rates in the Tallensi District and the five regions of northern Ghana as a whole. Among the Tallensi, accused witches or wizards were sometimes murdered by their people on the advice of a diviner from another community. Sometimes, too, when the diviner confirmed an individual or group of people as witches, they were permanently cast out or expelled from the Tallensi community. There are several academic scholarly works on witchcraft worldwide. They have been closely examined, based on anti-witchcraft shrines, children's witchcraft, ‘witch camps’ accusations, alleged witches, and ethnically related witches and affiliates. However, the current research investigates the concept of witchcraft in a global society and how people understand and relate to it in their respective communities, particularly Tallensi. It also focuses on how one could be identified as a witch or wizard in his/her community, as well as the treatment that was meted out to him/her. Finally, this study sheds more light on the role of traditional indigenous shrines in the discussion of witchcraft among the Tallensi. To achieve this, the research relied on historical sources to re-evaluate the monograph of Meyer Fortes, who argued that witchcraft and its related activities are strange to Tallensi. The current contribution also discusses the increasing role of Christian interpretation of scripture concerning witchcraft and how the same has aggravated the witchcraft quandary in Tallensi. A qualitative research approach based on both primary and secondary data sources was employed in this study. The analysis revealed that, even though people believed in the existence of witchcraft, none could provide empirical evidence to prosecute a witch or wizard. Overall, the study also established that accused witches live a life of misery in their respective communities, even if they are not murdered or banished. Ironically successive governments in Ghana have done little to ameliorate the plight of these people, but they always solicit their vote during periods of elections in the country.
Presidential Threshold Constitutionality Dilemma in Indonesia: A Comparative Study with Brazil
Authors: Anggreani Shifa
Published: September 2024

This study examines the problematic constitutionality of the presidential threshold in Indonesia, which continues to be polemic in various circles. The presidential threshold, which regulates the threshold for presidential and vice-presidential nominations, has caused various controversies. Supporters argue that this threshold is important for creating a strong presidential system, whereas opponents argue that it limits the rights of political parties and the public to elect the leaders they want. This debate reflects dissatisfaction with regulations that are considered contrary to the principles of social justice and the Indonesian constitution. In the context of international comparison, Brazil, as one of the largest democracies, does not apply a presidential threshold that allows for wider political pluralism. This study aims to discuss the problematic constitutionality of the presidential threshold in Indonesia and explore alternative policies that support the presidential system without sacrificing political participation. The results of this comparative study show that a thresholdless system such as Brazil can increase political participation and pluralism, although it also has challenges such as political fragmentation. These findings provide an important perspective for Indonesia to evaluate and adapt its electoral system to strengthen its democracy.