bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Notion De Résistance Et Ses rapports avec L'intervention Préventive Et Promotionnelle Auprès Des Enfants
Authors: Royer Nicole , Provost Marc
Published: October 2014

L'intervention préventive, souvent issue des études sur les facteurs de risque, se déploie envers et contre les éléments néfastes spécifiques au problèmes que l'on cherche è prévenir. Cet article propose d'examiner l'apport potentiel de la notion de résistance au domaine de l'action préventive et de l'action promotionnelle: l'identification des facteurs protecteurs de l'adaptation et des ingrédients personnels de la résistance conduit vers le choix optimal des objectifs de l'intervention préventive et de l'intervention promotionnelle. Par ailleurs, les stratégies d'intervention promotionnelle constituent une voie privilégiée vers l'acquisition de connaissance quant aux liens dynamiques entre les facteurs adverses et protecteurs entourant l'adaptation psychosociale de l'enfant. La pertinence d'étudier plus è fond les processus et mécanismes de la résistance est discutée.
Le Suicide En Abitibi-Témiscamingue: Données Épidémiologiques Pour La Période 1986-1991
Authors: Caron Jean , Grenier Hugues , Bégin Bruno
Published: October 2014

La création d'un registre permanent sur le suicide a permis de réaliser une description quantitative du phénomène du suicide dans la région de l'Abitibi-Témiscamingue pour la période 1986-1991. Elle porte sur 218 cas de suicide répertoriés par le Bureau du Coroner du Québec. Une grille d'analyse de contenu des fichiers des coroners permet l'analyse de 87 variables potentiellement associées au suicide. Les résultats permettent de saisir l'évolution des taux de suicide dans la région en relation avec les taux du reste du Québec et de présenter les différences intra-régionales. Plusieurs variables se sont avérées significativement reliées au suicide telles: le sexe, l'âge, le milieu rural vs milieu urbain, la mêthode, le lieu, la saison, etc. Une recension des recherches récentes sur le suicide è travers le monde est également présentée et permet de constater que dans l'ensemble, le profil du suicide de cette région du Québec s'apparente è celui qui prévaut ailleurs en Amérique du Nord et en Europe avec cependant certaines particularités.
A Brief Report / Un Bref Rapport Psychiatres Et Médecins Spécialistes En Santé Communautaire: Deux Solitudes
Authors: Lamontagne Yves
Published: October 2014

La psychiatrie et la santé communautaire ont plusieurs point en commun. Les spécialistes de ces deux disciplines n'utilisent pas de technologie sophistiquée, les résultats de leurs recherches ne sont pas très spectaculaires, et les psychiatres, tout comme les médecins en santé communautaire, on une pauvre image publique. Les représentants de ces deux spécialités médicales devraient travailler plus étroitement ensemble et développer des alliances pour promouvoir la santé mentale dans différents domaines: problèmes comportementaux chez les enfants, alcoolisme et toxicomanies, suicide chez les adolescents, réinsertion sociale des malades mentaux, maladies mentates chez les personnes âgées, violence et abus sexuels, etc. L'auteur croit que les deux solitudes doivent être brisées et qu'un travail d'équipe devrait être entrepris pour améliorer la santé mentale communautaire de la population.
Oversimplified Images: Comments on “Control Or Treatment? Experiences of People Who Have Been Psychiatrically Hospitalized in New Brunswick”
Authors: Page Stewart
Published: October 2014

Miedema (1994) presented several observations about psychiatric hospitalization in New Brunswick based on interviews with 48 formerly hospitalized patients. These observations are taken by Miedema to represent data from which “concepts” about the experience of hospitalization are said to evolve. In at least six areas, however, the images created by Miedema are greatly oversimplified. Moreover, they do not uniquely support the particular psychiatric perspective which Miedema wishes to put forward. Equally valid data and images about hospitalization, not without their own oversimplifications, could have been obtained from persons advancing a credulous rather than only a skeptical perspective on mental illness.
Changing Relationships Between Self-Help Groups and Mental Health Professionals: Shifting Ideology and Power
Authors: Constantino Vic , Nelson Geoffrey
Published: October 2014

Using qualitative methods, we studied current and desired relationships between members of mental health consumer/survivor and family self-help groups and mental health professionals. Two major themes, professional ideology and practices and power and control, captured both the positive and negative aspects of the relationships the participants had experienced. To move toward more desired relationships, participant suggested education and ongoing interaction between self-helpers and professionals are needed to change professional ideology and practices, while consumer/survivor and family participation and involvement in decision making are required to reduce the power imbalance between self-helpers and professionals. We discuss the implications of the findings for changes in training, practice, and research.
L'expérience D'une Professionnelle Dans Un Groupe De Soutien Pour Parents
Authors: Saintonge Line
Published: October 2014

L'expérience de l'auteure, en tant que professionnelle dans un groupe de soutien pour parents, est présentée è partir d'extraits de son journal de bord. Ces extraits, construits autour d'une anecdote, sont suivis d'une analyse permettant d'approfondir la réflexion. Le difficile apprentissage du partenariat entre la professionnelle et les membres du groupe de soutien ainsi que l'importance de la «connaissance d'expérience» sont soulignés.
Self-Help/Mutual-Aid Clearinghouses and Groups in Canada: Recent Developments
Authors: Todres Rubin
Published: October 2014

This paper reports on recent developments in the self-help movement in Canada based on the findings of a country-wide survey of self-help clearinghouses and interviews with key informants. Among the outcomes of this survey are an estimate of the number of self-help groups in various communities in Canada as well as a presentation of current trends in the growth of these entities. The author also explores recent fiscal and policy trends in the Canadian context and discusses their impact on the development of self-help groups and clearinghouses in the country.
“Healthy Alternatives/Healthy Choices”: Considering the Usefulness of a Support Group for Caregivers
Authors: Norris Joan E. , Davey Adam , Davey Stephanie , Weiler Joanne
Published: October 2014

The popularity of support groups to reduce the hurden of caring for a frail elderly relative is growing, with many service providers offering these groups for family caregivers. Evaluations of support groups find mixed evidence for their efficacy in reducing caregiver burden. Our process evaluation of the model program for Ontario's Placement Coordination Services (PCS) indicates this program meets short-term emotional and informational needs for care-givers. It is unlikely, however, to result in immediate or lasting behavioural changes. Results are discussed in relation to six components of the service delivery process from program planning through follow-up.
Développement Et Évaluation D'un Programme De Soutien Aux Parents «Vie De Famille, De La Discipline à L'amour»
Authors: Drapeau Sylvie , Marcotte Richard , Cloutier Richard , Dupuis France
Published: October 2014

Cet article décrit les grandes lignes du programme «Vie de famille, de la discipline è l'amour» et présente les principaux résultats d'une évaluation de ses effets. Ce programme est une intervention de groupe, structurée, composée de six ateliers. Son but général est de soutenir les parents d'enfants fréquentant l'école primaire dans leur rôle d'éducateur en tenant compte de leur réalité familiale respective. L'évaluation des effets a été réalisée è l'aide d'un devis prétest/posttest auprès d'un groupe expérimental composé de 115 participants, répartis en neuf sous-groupes, et d'un groupe témoin comptant 67 parents. Globalement, les résultats obtenus permettent de croire que le programme peut être efficace, tout au moins sur certains plans et è court terme. En effet, comparés aux parents du groupe témoin, les participants aux ateliers évaluent avoir moins de difficultés è accomplir leur rôle d'éducateur, ce qui indique que le programme semble rencontrer son but génèral. Ils se perçoivent aussi comme étant plus efficaces comme parents. Des entrevues réalisées aprés l'intervention viennent appuyer ces résultats.
Commentary Research on Mutual AID And Social Support: Progress And Future Directions
Authors: Gottlieb Benjamin H.
Published: October 2014

Signs of progress in the study of mutual aid and social support include a greater emphasis on the collection of empirical data to evaluate program effects and to comprehend relations between professional and informal sources of aid, as well as a clearer delineation of concepts and creative integration of practices associated with mutual aid. Several directions for future research on support interventions are addressed, including the nature and timing of outcome measures, analyses of the optimal fit of participants to different intervention formats, and the need for research designs that yield information about the necessary and cost-effective components of support interventions.
Influences on the Process of Work Integration: The Consumer Perspective
Authors: Kirsh Bonnie
Published: October 2014

Despite evidence confirming the value of employment in promoting and maintaining mental health, efforts aimed at work integration of mental health consumers have met with limited success. Using qualitative research methods, this study explores the consumer perspective on factors influencing the process of employment integration. A sample of five consumers of the mental health system who were employed at the time of the study was used. Two data collection instruments, a semi-structured interview and demographic questionnaire, were utilized. The study draws on grounded theory (i.e., the constant comparative method of analysis) including unitizing, categorizing, and forming themes to process the data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographic information. Four themes emerged from the data: (a) the importance of recognizing the mind-body connection, (b) the relationship of personal empowerment to work reintegration, (c) the need for skills and supports, and (d) the relationship of the work environment to the outcome of work reintegration.
The Emotionally Abused Woman: An Existential-Phenomenological Exploration
Authors: Lecovin Karen Eve , Penfold P. Susan
Published: October 2014

This study investigated the meaning of the emotional abuse experience for six women co-researchers, using an existential-phenomenological approach. Their experiences show a number of shared themes. All were emotionally abused in their families of origin and all described similar stages in their reactions to the abuse. All experienced an almost total loss of self in the partnership relationship and all identified the same key components as being critical to their healing process. Many factors appear to contribute to the development of emotional abuse, including cultural norms that do not encourage the nurturing of independence and self-esteem in females.
Peer Evaluation of an Organization Involved in Community Economic Development
Authors: Papineau Danielle , Kiely Margaret C.
Published: October 2014

A participatory evaluation was conducted in an organization that promotes community economic development. This approach reflects current changes in the practice of evaluation which fosters the empowerment of stakeholders, enabling them to conduct an evaluation centering on their issues of concern and allowing them to utilize the results in program planning. In the present investigation, stakeholders chose to assess the visibility and credibility of the organization in the community. Data were gathered by consulting 20 workers from 13 local organizations. The results of a qualitative analysis of these data are reported for each of five ecological factors that promote a process of empowerment among members of a setting.
Consumer Empowerment in the Mental Health Field
Authors: Wilson Stephanie
Published: October 2014

This article is an overview of consumer empowerment and involvement in the mental health field, with a focus on some recent Canadian developments as described in the formal literature. A brief description of traditional approaches to treatment and support for persons with serious mental health problems is provided, followed by a discussion of the principles of consumer empowerment and involvement. Three categories of involvement are described with a discussion of some of the associated benefits and barriers and methods for overcoming them. A discussion of directions for future work is also included.
Power in Families and Power in Therapy: Child Sexual Abuse Survivors' Experiences
Authors: Newton Elizabeth
Published: October 2014

Women who have been sexually abused have a great deal of difficulty finding helpful treatment. Many of the women in this study experienced feelings of powerlessness in therapy that were similar to the way they fell in their families. Most continued to search until they obtained appropriate services. Treatment that was most helpful was that in which women were able to exercise power and control.
Consumer/Survivor Participation in the Operation of Community Mental Health Agencies and Programs in Metro Toronto: Input or Impact?
Authors: Vandergang Agnes J.
Published: October 2014

The main purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of consumer/survivor participation in the operation of community mental health agencies in Metro Toronto. This article describes, from the viewpoint of agency executive directors, the nature and extent of consumer/survivor involvement and the difficulties encountered in implementing it. It appears that while involvement is increasing in specific, measurable ways in many agencies, the actual impact of consumers/survivor input on agency philosophies, policies, and practices is, at best, unclear. Agency directors tend to account for this in terms of the failure of consumers/survivors to “fit in” and meet agency expectations. Drawing on the literature on consumer/survivor involvement, the author suggests that the more fundamental problem is the continued imbalance of power between consumers/survivors and agency staff and the failure of agencies to create an environment conducive to meaningful consumer/survivor participation. There is, however, a high degree of interest in receiving support to address the issues encountered in developing partnerships with consumers/survivors.
Injection Drug use and HIV Infection Among the Seriously Mentally Ill: A Report From Vancouver
Authors: Davis Simon
Published: October 2014

A recently reported outbreak of HIV among injection drug users in Vancouver determined that, in early 1997, 23% of this population was HIV-positive, and that HIV-negative injection drug users were becoming positive at the rate of 18.6% per year, the highest rate reported in North America. One significant factor behind the outbreak is the high prevalence of injection cocaine use among drug addicts in Vancouver. Cocaine, because it has a short “high,” creates a need for more frequent injections and therefore increases the likelihood of needle sharing and HIV transmission. The mentally ill in Vancouver are particularly at risk for HIV infection because of their vulnerability to substance misuse and because large numbers of them reside in the main drug-using neighborhood. The provincial and federal governments have made $4,700,000 available to respond to this public health emergency, to be spent on the expansion of community services, including a number of needle-exchange sites. Accessing these and other health care services continues to be a challenge for injection drug users who also suffer from serious mental illnesses; for these persons an assertive case management model may be the most effective way of maintaining continuity of care.
Tracing The Textures of an Ethical Relation to the Dead: Trauma, Witnessing, and the “Montreal Massacre”
Authors: Rosenberg Sharon
Published: October 2014

This essay offers a consideration of English-language feminist memorial discourse as this has been sedimenting in Canada since the 1989 murder of 14 women at École Polytechnique. The author suggests that remembrance now, almost a decade after the murders, exceeds the terms offered by a politic in which the living and the dead are connected through feminist alignment [“it could have been me”]. In its place, the author argues that there is a binding relation to the dead that is forged through understanding the murders as an event of historical trauma and rupture. She then contemplates and explores the implications of this rethinking of an ethics of relation through a situated analysis of annual memorial vigils.
Communities, Collectivities, and the Ethics of Research
Authors: O'Neill Patrick
Published: October 2014

Ethical concerns have always placed limits on research, but the spirit of the times has led to an expansion of the territory covered by ethics. This new approach is found in the code of ethics presently in final revision by the three major granting agencies. This code will give unprecedented power to “collectivities” in the research process. Some see this as a long overdue corrective to hit-and-run research, while others see it as a threat to unfettered inquiry. This paper argues a different point: Involvement of collectivities is essential for ethical research relationships, but it ought not to limit the sorts of questions we study or publication of the answers we find. The difference will be illustrated by two examples in which aboriginal communities asserted their collective rights against researchers. The difference between the examples will lead to an examination of the debate between those who believe community work is “all politics,” and those who try to underpin it with ethical principles. Finally, I argue that ethical practice requires a knowledge base created by valid research. We should support an improved relationship with host communities, but not let the political agendas of contending community groups constrain the questions we can ask about social problems or our assessment of measures designed to solve them.
Recherche Épidémiologique Sur La Violence Envers Les Enfants: Enjeux Éthiques
Authors: Bouchard Camil
Published: October 2014

Le présent article fait étal des délibérations de chercheurs en psychologie, en travail social et en santé publique, de juristes, d'intervenants, de gestionnaires et de membres d'un comité d'éthique réunis lors d'un séminaire portant sur les enjeux éthiques soulevés par un projet de recherche épidémiologique portant sur la violence è l'égard des enfants. Ce projet visait è établir le taux de prévalence des conduites è caractère violent envers la population des enfants et des jeunes québécois; il n'avait pas été reçu favorablement par un comité d'éthique dont les arguments sont brièvement présentés. Les principaux enjeux ont trait è la primauté des droits individuels de protection des enfants et des dparticipants relativement aux droits collectifs, aux statuts et rôles des chercheurs, aux règles éthiques associées è la validité et è la fiabilité de la recherche lorsque confrontées aux règles éthiques de l'intervention clinique, aux risques associés au non-signalement des enfants en comparaison è ceux associés au signalement systématique des situations identifiées par les chercheurs. L'ambiguité de la notion de «doute raisonnable» centrale è la loi de la Protection de la jeunesse et les problèmes opérationnels qui lui sont associés ont aussi été évoqués. Enfin, des pistes de solutions d'ordre législatif, juridique méthodologique et pédagogique sont avancées.
A Us Experience: Consumer Responsive Quality of Life Measurement
Authors: Becker Marion
Published: October 2014

Objective: In the United States, interest in quality of life and social disabilities associated with mental illne intensified in the wake of the deinstitutionalization of the late '60s abd '70s. Although mental health professionals in the United States have begun to recognize the importance of quality of life considerations to patient management and treatment outcomes, review of the literature shows there is minimal research in mental health on this important topic. As a result, little theoretical or methodological progres has been made. Quality of life has not been clearly conceptulized or defined and there are no agreed-upon standards or criteria for measurement. This presentation will; (a) review important conceptual issues in quality of life research, (b) discuss the benefits of and obstacles to incorporating consumer values in judgments of quality of life, and (c) present data from Wisconsin Quality of Life Index (W-QLI; Becker et al., 1993) to illustrate the usefulness of a consumer responsive model of quality of life and the importance of incorporating consumer values in the assessment of quality of life of persons with schizophrenia. Methods: The W-QLI was administered to a convenience sample of psychiatric outpatients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia. The W-QLI is a self-administered individually preference-weighted index that measures nine separted domains encompassing quality of life. The W-QLI scoring method results in spearted scores for each domain and allows for the relationships among separate domains to be studied. The mine separted domains include; (a) satisfaction level for different objective quality of life indicators, (b) occupational activities, (c) psychological well-being,(d) physical health, (c) social relations, (f) economics, (g) activities of daily living, (h) symptoms, and (i) goal attainment. Results: study findings are consistent with previous theory and empirical domains. Results show that while consumers' and clinicians' judgments of outcome corelated, there were important differences. Clincians systematically rated functiion higher and social relations lower that did consumers, and there were significant differences in consumer and provider goals for improvement with treatment. Overall ratings of quality of life and funciton are only weakly correlated with psychopathology. The findings support the importance and feasibility of incorporating consumer values and judgments of quality of life in outcome measurement.
Children's Needs in Shelters: Mother's Perceptions
Authors: Bennett Lorna , Dawe Doreen , Power Judy
Published: October 2014

The needs of children who witness violence directed at their mothers have only recently gained attention. While shelter services to address children's responses are increasingly evident, there is still much we do not understand about their plight, particularly from the perspective of their mothers. This study used focus-group methodology to identify mothers' perceptions of their children's needs while they were in shelters. Five focus group sessions were held with 27 mothers who had experienced violence in their homes and had used shelter services within the previous two-year period. Data were analyzed to identify six dominant categories of need and 12 supporting thematic categories. The dominant categories included: the counselling needs of the children; day-to-day living needs, such as maintaining family integrity and normality; recreational needs; the needs of children with respect to parenting; and finally, aspects of shelter support for mothers, and the impact of the shelter environment on children. The implications of the findings for program development are discussed.
Évaluation D'un Programme Visant Le Développement De La Compétence Sociale à La Maternelle
Authors: Bélanger Jean , Bowen François , Rondeau Normand
Published: October 2014

Cet article présente les résultats de l'évaluation de l'implantation et des effete d'un programme visant le développement de la compétence sociale chez les élèves de la maternelle. Ce programme a été implanté au sein de 10 classes (n = 165) dans 8 écoles de l'ile de Montréal; 5 classes (n = 74) réparties dans 5 autres récoles de la même région constituaient le groupe témoin. L'analyse d'effets révèle des gains significatifs sur le plan de l'estime de soi et des habiletès è la résolution de conflits chez le groupe expérimental par rapport au groupe témoin. Toutefois, aucun changement significautif n'apparait au sujet de la prosocialité et du retrait social. Finalement, les analyses ont fait ressortir un résultat inattendu concernant l'agressivité chez les garçons. L'analyse des données d'implantation indique que le guide d'activités est globalement facile è utiliser et è adapter pour l'enseignant ou l'enseignante. Cependant, des variations intéressantes dans les modalités d'utilisation du guide ont été observées. Ces résultats soulévent des points de discussion concernant: (a) les liens entre les gains réalisés par les enfants el l'emphase mise par les enseignantes sur certains aspects du programme; (b) le développement de la compétence sociale chez les enfants d'áge préscolaire; (c) l'évaluation des effets d'un tel programme.
An Evaluation of a Community-Based Vocational Rehabilitation Program for Adults With Psychiatric Disabilities
Authors: Bozzer Mariella , Samsom Debbie , Anson Joy
Published: October 2014

The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of a project aimed at the vocational rehabilitation of individuals suffering from chronic psychiatric disabilities. Gastown Vocational Services (GVS) is a specialized vocational rehabilitation program, under the auspices of Greater Vancouver Mental Health Service Society. The project consisted of three distinct phases and utilized a gradual, step-by-step rehabilitative approach to achieve vocational success. The first phase of the GVS project included comprehensive vocational assessment and work-readiness skill training. Participants in this phase met in small groups for three hours, three times a week for a 12-week period. The second phase involved supported work-experience placements in the community. These placements were two to five months in duration. The final phase included assistance in seeking employment, job re-training, or educational programs. Assessment measures were taken before participants began the program, immediately after the 12-week job preparation program, and at six-month follow-up. Seventy-three individuals participated in the training program over a two-year period. Their progress was compared to 18 individuals comprising a Waiting List Control group. The results showed significant improvement in the Intervention group on measures of assertiveness, work behaviour, depression, income, and employment status. No changes were evident in the Waiting List Control group.
Independent Living Centres: An Innovation With Mental Health Implications?
Authors: Hutchison Peggy , Pedlar Alison
Published: October 2014

The findings of a national study of Independent Living Centres (ILCs) in Canada suggest that the ILCs are a potentially powerful innovation for the consumer/survivor movement. Independent Living Centres are non-profit, cross-disability, consumer-driven, community-based centres which promote both individual empowerment and community change. The IL and mental health reform paradigms share in the development of empowerment theory, acknowledge the importance of consumer driven organizations, and utilize a socio-political analysis of disability which goes beyond the person and recognizes the environment as problematic. Accordingly, the reform paradigm seeks innovative services which are separate from the traditional mental health system. Before this can fully become a reality, mental health professionals need to increase their knowledge of the IL philosophy and ILC practice. Similarly, ILCs need to increase their knowledge of consumer/survivor empowerment and recovery and carefully assess any barriers that exist in terms of consumers/survivors accessing the ILCs, Collaboration between the IL movement and mental health will increase the likelihood of ILCs becoming a stronger resource for consumers/survivors.
A Multi-Year Evaluation of a Parent Support Centre
Authors: Coady Nick F. , Rothery Michael , Dennis Diane
Published: October 2014

This paper summarizes the results of a multi-year evaluation of a parent support centre project. Qualitative data gathered both from a series of individual interviews with participants and from a series of focus-group interviews with both participants and workers are presented. The developmental process of the project is detailed. Positive outcomes with regard to individual changes in social support, parenting, and self-esteem are described. The accomplishments of the project's goals regarding participant satisfaction with activities and programs and the development of indigenous leadership are noted; however, the project was deemed less successful with regard to ongoing recruitment of participants. Implications for practice are discussed.
L'Odec Et La Santé Mentale: De L'Entraide à L'Ouverture Sur La Communauté Locale
Authors: Beaudoin Lucie , Duguay Patrick , Fréchette Lucie
Published: October 2014

Créé en 1987, l'Organisme de développement et d'entraide communautaire (ODEC), organisme è but non lucratif, s'est développé pour offrir des services d'entraide et de développement communautaire en santé mentale dans la région de la Vallée-de-la-Lievre en Outaouais. Développé è partir d'un projet de service d'accompagnement individuel pour des personnes vivant des problèmes de santé mentale, l'ODEC a réussi è mettre sur pied un important réseau d'entraide qui anime aujourd'hui plus d'une centaine de personnes. L'article est issu d'une étude de cas en profondeur de cette organisation. II analyse les grands paramètres de son parcours réparti sur plus de 10 ans pour dégager la contribution d'une intervention de réseau en accointance avec l'intervention communautaire dans le domaine de la santé mentale.
Voices, Opportunities & Choices Employment Club: Transforming Sheltered Workshops Using an Affirmative Business Approach
Authors: Krupa Terry , Mccourty Karen , Bonner Doug , Von Briesen Barbie , Scott Robert
Published: October 2014

Voices, Opportunities & Choices Employment Club (VOCEC) is a nonprofit “umbrella” corporation that facilitates the development of affirmative businesses to create jobs for consumers of mental health services. To date, 5 independent businesses have been developed by transforming the resources of sheltered workshops within Kingston Psychiatric Hospital and 2 businesses have been established in collaboration with a local public library. This paper provides a description of VOCEC, including an overview of the affirmative business approach, the structure of the organization, and the process of business development. Personal reflections provide insights into the experiences of consumers, staff, and Board members associated with the corporation.
Équipe Mrc: Nouvelle Configuration Des Équipes De Réinsertion En Santé Mentale
Authors: Gagné Magalie , Parenteau Jean-Luc
Published: October 2014

Le concept d'équipe MRC (Municipalités régionales de comté) résulte de la transformation rapide des services de santé mentale. Dans la plupart des régions du Québec l'on est passé d'un modèle institutionnel où un seul établissement fournissait l'ensemble des services è un modèle éclaté dans la communauté où une multitude d'organismes dispensent toute une gamme de services. Le partenariat devient alors une nécessité. L'équipe MRC se veut donc une structure de concertation qui rallie sous une meme bannière l'ensemble des intervenants et des intervenantes du milieu communautaire et du réseau public æuvrant auprès de la clientèle souffrant de troubles sévères et persistants. L'objectif de cet article est donc de définir le concept d'équipe MRC et de voir sous quel signe se passe la collaboration entre les membres sachant que les relations entre les organismes communautaires et le réseau public n'ont pas toujours été fructueuses.
Splendeurs Et Misères De La Concertation Locale En Santé Mentale: Un Regard Du Terrain
Authors: Poirier Mario , Larose Suzanne , Ste-Marie François , Rosenberg Louise , Ritzhaupt Birgit
Published: October 2014

La concertation est une pratique hautement valorisée par l'État pour des raisons è la fois idéologiques et éconorniques. Mais si la concertation administrative est relativement aisée è entreprendre, qu'en est-il au niveau du terrain? Quels sont les ingrédients qui favorisent une réelle concertation entre les intervenants et intervenantes et quelles sont les difficultés rencontrées au plan des pratiques quotidiennes? À partir de l'expérience acquise dans l'ouest de l'ile de Montréal, nous avons constaté que plusieurs enjeux méritent d'ètre compris et approfondis: la difficulté de concilier traitement et empowerment des clientèles, la difficulté de dégager des valeurs et convictions communes entre les milieux institutionnels et communautaires, la tendance è accaparer les clients et clientes dans les milieux cliniques. Malgré ces difficultés, il est évident que les pratiques évoluent vers une plus grande concertation sur le terrain dans un contexte où les clientèles sont croissantes et les problématiques se complexifient.
Being Indian: Strengths Sustaining First Nations Peoples in Saskatchewan Residential Schools
Authors: Hanson Isabelle , Hampton Mary Rucklos
Published: October 2014

This qualitative study asked the question: what were the strengths that contributed to the survival of First Nations peoples during their stay in residential schools? Six elders who are survivors of residential schools in southern Saskatchewan were asked to respond in narrative form to this research question. Analysis of interviews revealed that, drawing on community-building skills of First Nations cultures, they created their own community with each other within the confines of this oppressive environment. The strengths they identified are consistent with sense of community identified in community psychological literature, yet are also unique to First Nations cultures. These strengths are: autonomy of will and spirit, sharing, respect, acceptance, a strong sense of spirituality, humour, compassion, and cultural pride. It is suggested that community-based mental health initiatives which identify traditional sources of strengths within First Nations communities will be most effective in promoting healing from residential school trauma.
Sexual Victimization and Clinical Challenges in Women Receiving Hospital Treatment for Depression
Authors: Sahay Sarita , Piran Niva , Maddocks Sarah
Published: October 2014

The study examined the prevalence of sexual victimization among 60 female inpatients and outpatients with depression. Sixty-five percent of the sample reported previous sexual violation in either childhood or adolescence/adulthood. Of these, 52% indicated that they had been victimized both in childhood and adolescence/adulthood. Based on the history of sexual victimization, participants were allocated to one of three groups. Body satisfaction, global self-esteem, and internality were progressively lower from Group 1 (no history), to Group 2 (childhood or adolescent/adult victimization), to Group 3 (both childhood and adolescent/adult victimization). Body satisfaction was further shown to be independently affected by sexual violation.
The Community/Privacy Trade-Off in Supportive Housing: Consumer/Survivor Preferences
Authors: Johnson Laura C.
Published: October 2014

Supportive housing for psychiatric consumers/survivors can range in form from dispersed apartments to group homes. This research asked: What form is more supportive, apartments or housing with common spaces? Is it privacy and normalcy or community and peer support that promote well-being? The literature is divided. This study convened a charrette for supportive housing residents to express their views. Some 20 supportive housing residents formed two teams, with one team producing a housing design based on the principle of privacy and the other team producing one based on the principle of community. Despite their differing terms of reference, the teams developed similar designs. The results reinforced the importance of both private and com-mon spaces in supportive housing.
Keeping Mental Health Reform on Course: Selecting Indicators of Mental Health System Performance
Authors: McEwan Kimberley L. , Goldner Elliot M.
Published: October 2014

Mental health reform was introduced as a public-sector policy response to identified deficiencies in the mental health services system. The reform agenda, which is underway in most provinces/territories, calls for greater accountability to mental health consumers, their families, and other stakeholders. This paper summarizes the major policy goals (which are the cornerstones of mental health reform) and suggests a series of high-level indicators to assess performance toward achieving these goals. Issues in the selection and measurement of performance indicators as markers of key goals are discussed. The proposed indicator set, while not a comprehensive frame-work, can provide a multi-dimensional appraisal of mental health system performance and help keep reform on course.
Supported Housing for People with Serious Mental Illness: Resident Perspectives on Housing
Authors: Walker Ryan , Seasons Mark
Published: October 2014

Supported housing involves integrated housing that is adequate and affordable, paired with flexible, individualized mental health support services. In this qualitative study, interviews were conducted with supported housing residents in cities and towns in southwestern Ontario to examine their housing experience. Ques-tions were organized around 4 dimensions of housing: (a) physical environment, (b) social environment, (c) affordability and choice, and (d) residential history. The inquiry, which occurred at neighbourhood and dwelling-unit levels, revealed 4 themes: (a) loneliness, (b) making do with socially and structurally inferior housing, (c) a desire for more understanding, and (d) a concern with an individual's sense of integration into a community.
Discovering Hope for Recovery
Authors: Allott Piers , Loganathan Linda , (BILL) Fulford K.W.M.
Published: October 2014

The concept of recovery and recovery-oriented services and practices are well advanced in some parts of the world, particularly in the US and New Zealand. This paper provides a review of the literature upon which the hope for recovery is based, and explores this concept in the UK context, where it is now gaining recognition. In so doing, it identifies the background to the development of a consciousness of a possibility of recovery (both with and without mental health services support) and addresses the issues raised by the self-fulfilling concept of chronicity. It further examines the questions of measuring recovery and understanding recovery as a process or goal. It then goes on to identify themes within recovery literature and research, and to focus on recovery skills and self-care strategies for people diagnosed with schizo-phrenia, psychoses, or other serious mental illnesses. The paper concludes by addressing issues that have implications for more effective policy and practice—most notably resolving the fundamental tension between involvement with and separation from services (a process which will require a better under-standing of the role of values in the relationship between those who use and those who provide services).
Loaded Dice: Reformism and Constraint in Contemporary U.S. Mental Health Policy
Authors: Rochefort David A.
Published: October 2014

A number of important reforms are under way in contemporary U.S. mental health policy making. Innovations are occurring in such areas as parity for insurance coverage for mental health problems, children's mental health services, and the expansion of community support systems for individuals with severe and chronic mental illnesses. In each case, however, the scope and effectiveness of policy changes are limited by resource shortages, political ambivalence, and program structures that are decentralized, fragmented, and poorly co-ordinated. Thus, although innovation is a valuable engine of change in mental health systems, its impact depends largely on longstanding political, economic, and organizational forces that transcend the mental health sphere.
Custody and Access Issues with Children Whose Parents are Separated or Divorced
Authors: Palmer Sally E.
Published: October 2014

This article discusses the effects of family breakdown—and the resulting issues of custody and access—on children. It explores trends in child custody and access and issues surrounding those trends, particularly in terms of the benefits and limitations of joint custody. It then identifies the contextual problems of family breakups (including the relative poverty experienced by mother-led families, the unreliability of financial support from fathers, the complications for children which result from step-parent figures, including serial partners of their parents, the implications of interparental conflict, the need to fully address suspicions and/or allegations of abuse by one parent against another, and the problem of Parental Alienation Syndrome). Typical responses of children to family breakup are then considered, including feelings of loss, guilt, and responsibility, and a sense of divided loyalties—particularly in light of intense or violent parental conflict. And finally, recommendations are made to minimize the detrimental effects of family breakup on children: (a) allowing children choice and flexibility, (b) exploring the benefits of mediation for families, (c) promoting parental co-operation, and (d) encouraging an on-going relationship with the nonresidential parent.
Parent Education After Separation: Results from a Multi-Site Study on Best Practices
Authors: McKenzie Brad , Bacon Brenda
Published: October 2014

Although parent education after separation in Canada is relatively new, most provinces and territories now have some type of program that provides separating parents with information on their children's needs, co-parenting options, and strategies for improving communication. A 1999-2000 survey of parents in 10 such program sites throughout Canada: (a) demonstrates a high level of parent satisfaction with the programs, (b) chronicles benefits related to reduced conflict and improved child well-being 3 to 4 months following program attendance, and (c) identifies several implications for best practices. Results of this study suggest that parent education is but one program within a network of services needed to support both parents and children after separation.
Community Resilience or Unidentified Health Risk?: Health Professional Perceptions on the Impact of the Swissair Flight 111 Disaster on Surrounding Communities
Authors: Mitchell Terry L. , Townsend Randy D. , Schnare Jane
Published: October 2014

On September 2nd, 1998 Swissair Flight 111 crashed in Saint Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia. Surrounding coastal communities were immediately transformed into disaster response sites. Sixteen community health professionals were interviewed that identified several types of individual and community exposure, including exposure to human remains. The interviews revealed that the coastal communities have responded with silence and stoicism. This silence has been viewed by some health professionals as resilience. The interface of a major disaster, community silence, low help-seeking behaviours, and limited disaster health responses raises the critical question whether this is a profile of resilience or a community silently enduring.
Addressing the Needs of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgendered, Queer, and Questioning Clients within University Psychiatric Services: Reflections and Recommendations
Authors: Tate Jude , Ross Lori E.
Published: October 2014

Concerns still exist among lesbian-, gay-, bisexual-, transgendered-, and queer-identified individuals (LGBTQ individuals) about their reception and treatment by psychiatric service providers. The Psychiatric Service at the University of Toronto and the Office of LGBTQ Resources and Programs convened a committee to address expanding the capacities of the Service related to the needs of LGBTQ and questioning students. In this paper, we describe the committee's role, initiatives, and successes and discuss challenges encountered in the process. The model of community development drawn from in this work can be adapted for use in other community health settings.
Factors Affecting the Mental Health of older Adults in Rural and Urban Communities: An Exploration
Authors: McGee Phyllis , Tuokko Holly , Maccourt Penny , Donnelly Martha
Published: October 2014

Stakeholders in rural and mid-size urban communities were asked to share their views concerning factors that affect the mental health of older adults, and indicate how, and how well, these factors were addressed in their community. The identified factors clustered into six categories: clinical, physical, organizational, educational, psychosocial, and spiritual. Additional factors impacting care providers and caregivers and their ability to support the mental health of older adults also emerged. Similarities and distinct differences between rural and urban communities were reported and call for innovative strategies to meet the needs of seniors, particularly those living in rural areas.
Sheway's Services for Substance Using Pregnant and Parenting Women: Evaluating the Outcomes for Infants
Authors: Marshall Sheila K. , Charles Grant , Hare Jan , Ponzetti James J. , Stokl Monica
Published: October 2014

Sheway is a single-access comprehensive street-front service to pregnant and parenting women with a history of alcohol and/or drug abuse that is located in one of Canada's poorest neighbourhoods, the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver. This investigation assesses the concurrent health and social problems clients report upon entry into the program, service utilization, and the impact of services on neonate and infant well-being. Data were collected through the review of files from the 9 ½ years of the agency's service. Findings suggest that the clients' concurrent health and social problems have increased over the years of operation while indicators of infant health have either improved or maintained steady rates.
Mental Health Respite Services: A Grounded Service Delivery Model
Authors: Grant Jill , Westhues Anne
Published: October 2014

A needs assessment for mental health respite services was undertaken at Waterloo Regional Homes for Mental Health in Kitchener, Ontario. Twenty-seven participants (consumers, carers, and service providers) were asked about their perceptions of the need for mental health respite services, and about their preferences for a model of respite in their community. A convergent analysis of participants' responses leads to one possible model of respite, while a divergent analysis considers program and value dilemmas for potential planners of programs directed at multiple stakeholders. Participants' frustrations with current services remind mental health programs of the importance of consulting with all stakeholders as they evaluate and develop programs.
Experiences of Harm Reduction Among Women with Alcohol Use Problems
Authors: Brown Catrina G. , Stewart Sherry H. , Larsen Sarah E.
Published: October 2014

This paper explores women's choice of controlled drinking or abstinence goals in harm reduction treatment programs for alcohol use problems. Situated within debates about controlled or abstinence goals for alcohol use, this research project provides a specific focus on women's treatment needs. We explore evidence which reveals that women in treatment for alcohol problems often hold deeply internalized dominant social ideologies on addiction. Results demonstrate that while offered the choice of abstinence or controlled use goals, most women defined themselves as “addicts,” adopted a disease metaphor of “addiction,” and chose abstinence. The findings here raise questions about whether or not clients receive sufficient education about harm reduction and controlled drinking and make adequately informed choices.