bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring Matematika Menggunakan Google Classroom Selama Pandemi Covid -19
Authors: Ermawati Ermawati , Sarjana Ketut , Baidowi Baidowi , Sridana Nyoman
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of online learning using google classrooms during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Mathematics subject focusing on trigonometric equations in class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Selong. This research is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study were all class XI MIPA taught using google classroom. The research sample was selected using cluster random sampling technique, namely class XI MIPA 1 and XI MIPA 2 measuring 70 students. The data collection technique used was the provision of post-test and questionnaire distribution after the students were treated. The research indicator, namely online learning using google classroom, is said to be effective if the student learning outcomes with a percentage of classical completeness ≥85% and student responses are positive to online learning using google classroom. Based on the results of descriptive statistics, if seen from the classical completeness, it was obtained that 60 students were said to have completed their learning or equal to 85,71%, 10 students who did not complete their studies or equal to 14,29% and seen from the students responses to online learning using google classroom there were 11 students who responded very positive or equal to 15,71%, 57 students responded positively or equal to 81,43%, 2 students responded negatively or equal to 2,86%, and no students responded very negatively. Based on the results of the research, online learning using google classroom was effective during the covid-19 pandemic in class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Selong in the 2020/2021 school year.
Pengaruh Motivasi Berprestasi dan Persepsi Siswa Tentang Cara Guru Mengajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Wulandari Wulandari , Azmi Syahrul , Kurniati Nani , Hikmah Nurul
Published: September 2021

This study aims to: (1) find out how achievement motivation affects the mathematics learning outcomes;  (2) knowing how the influence by  student perceptions of how teachers teach on mathematics learning outcomes; and (3) to find out how the influence of achievement motivation and student perceptions about how teachers teach on the mathematics learning outcomes at VIII grade students of SMPN 16 Mataram in academic year 2019/2020. This type of research is ex post facto research.  The population of this study were all students at  VIII grade  as many as 110 students consisting of classes A, B, C and D. The sample used was saturated sampling where the entire population was the sample in this study.  The data collection technique used was a questionnaire and tests.  This research uses prerequisite test analysis techniques and inferential analysis techniques.  The results obtained show: (a) There is a significant effect of achievement motivation on the mathematics learning outcomes with a contribution of 10.1%;  (b) there is a significant influence on student perceptions of how teachers teach on mathematics learning outcomes with a contribution of 17.8%; and (c) there is a significant influence on achievement motivation and student perceptions of how teachers teach on mathematics learning outcomes with a contribution of 20.1%.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Pada Toko Jahit UD.EDIQ Pohgading
Authors: Buyut Achmarain Saihul Amri , Nugraha Gibran Satya , Indah Nurmala
Published: September 2021

UD.Ediq merupakan toko Jahit lokal di Desa Pohgading Kecamatan Pringgabaya Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Ud.Ediq berpotensi dapat memiliki marketing yang besar, tetapi saat ini sistem pengolahan data maupun sistem pemasaran masih manual sehingga berdampak pada sempitnya jangkauan pemasaran, dan pelanggan yang ingin membeli produk harus datang ke toko untuk mencari produk yang di inginkan. Jika produk yang diinginkan pelanggan tidak tersedia, maka akan membuat kecewa, untuk itu penulis ingin menjawab permasalahan tersebut dengan membuat Sistem Informasi Penjualan Pada Toko Jahit UD.Ediq Pohgading.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang suatu sistem informasi penjualan produk berbasis website menggunakan metode waterfall yang digunakan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan dan mempermudah proses pengolahan data dari Toko Jahit “UD.Ediq”. Output yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini berupa aplikasi berbasis website.
Referenciação dos Cuidados de Saúde Primários ao Serviço de Urgência de Pediatria de um Hospital Nível II: Que Realidade?
Authors: Vale Filipa , Pinto Filipa , Oliveira Rui , Martins Cecília , Lopes Susana
Published: September 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O objetivo foi caracterizar os episódios referenciados pelos cuidados de saúde primários (CSP) ao serviço de urgência (SU) do Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, assim como classificar a adequabilidade da referenciação.MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo observacional retrospetivo, incluindo todos os utentes com idade inferior a 18 anos referenciados por parte dos CSP ao SU, durante o ano de 2017. A referenciação foi considerada adequada sempre que foram realizados exames complementares de diagnóstico ou terapêuticas não disponíveis nos CSP. Assim como, a observação por outra especialidade que não a pediatria, a necessidade de internamento e a transferência para outro hospital.RESULTADOS: Foram obtidos 406 episódios de urgência, dos quais 25,9% obtiveram como diagnóstico de saída a patologia gastrointestinal e 29,4% a patologia respiratória. Foram consideradas adequadas 65,3% das referenciações, sendo as mais frequentes a patologia gastrointestinal, respiratória e trauma. As patologias genitourinária e infecciológica foram as mais constantes quanto à referenciação inadequada (OR = 11,5 e OR = 3,49, respetivamente, ajustado à idade). Verificou-se concordância entre o motivo de referenciação e o diagnóstico de saída nas patologias gastrointestinal, otorrinolaringológica, trauma e oftalmológica (kappa > 0,7). A grande maioria (92,2%) das crianças teve alta clínica.CONCLUSÃO: A taxa de referenciação adequada aos serviços hospitalares no presente estudo foi semelhante à descrita na literatura. No entanto, a otimização da comunicação entre os CSP e o SU, a implementação de protocolos, bem como, a formação dos profissionais dos CSP permitirão melhorar a referenciação.
SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM NA EMERGÊNCIA PEDIÁTRICA
Authors: Antunes Fernanda Silva , Barbosa Ana Regina Oliveira De Araújo , Lima Evellyn Cristine de Araújo , Moraes Izadora Ribeiro de , Alves Marivânia Monteiro , Arruda Maria Dhescyca Ingrid Silva , Souza Mércia Silva , Moreira Rebeca Alves Ferreira Nery , Santos William França dos
Published: September 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar os benefícios na aplicação da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem no processo de enfermagem na emergência pediátrica. Foi realizada uma busca de artigos co
Bezpečné místo on-line pro Čechy v zahraničí: Buďte sami sebou i v cizině
Authors:   Online psychologická poradna, France, Škrábová Michala , Della Briotta Mila
Published: September 2021

Living abroad, adapting to a new environment and a new mentality of people and adopting a new identity as a foreigner is a very psychologically demanding process by all means. For this reason, a Facebook group “Czechs abroad: be yourself even abroad” was formed. It aims to support and inspire Czechs in a similar life situation abroad.
Synthesis of holmium orthoferrite nanoparticles by the co-precipitation method at high temperature
Authors: Tien Nguyen Anh , Hien Truong Chi , Vương Bùi Xuân
Published: September 2021

Holmium orthoferrite HoFeO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method via the hydrolysis of Ho (III) and Fe (III) cations in boiling water with 5% aqueous ammonia solution. After annealing the precipitate at 750 and 850 °C for 1 hour, the single-phase HoFeO3 product formed with particle size < 50 nm. The synthesized nanopowders are paramagnetic materials with remanent magnetization Mr < 0.01 emu·g-1, the coercive force Hc = 20÷21 Oe, and magnetization Ms ~ 2.73 emu·g-1 at 300 K in a maximum field of 16,000 Oe.
Comparative Analysis of Scheduling Algorithms Performance in a Long Term Evolution Network
Authors: Kuboye Bamidele Moses
Published: September 2021

The advancement in cellular communications has enhanced the special attention given to the study of resource allocation schemes. This study is to enhance communications to attain efficiency and thereby offers fairness to all users in the face of congestion experienced anytime a new product is rolled out. The comparative analysis was done on the performance of Enhanced Proportional Fair, Qos-Aware Proportional Fair and Logarithmic rule scheduling algorithms in Long Term Evolution in this work. These algorithms were simulated using LTE system toolbox in MATLAB and their performances were compared using Throughput, Packet delay and Packet Loss Ratio. The results showed Qos-Aware Proportional Fair has a better performance in all the metrics used for the evaluation.
How Can Energy Storage Catalyze the Electricity Policies of Gulf Cooperation Council Members? Issues and Options
Authors: Fuentes Rolando , Hasan Shahid , Felder Frank
Published: September 2021

Saudi Arabia and other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) members are working in parallel to reform their electricity markets and achieve ambitious renewable energy deployment goals. The motivation for this agenda is multifaceted, and increasing economic efficiency is one of several reasons for these efforts. By introducing markets in the power sector (i.e., liberalizing this sector), these countries aim to reduce the sector’s reliance on the public budget.
STUDENTS' PROBLEMS FACE IN ONLINE LEARNING AMIDT PANDEMIC COVID 19
Authors: .S Joko Prayudha
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

 

The existence of the corona virus requires face-to-face teaching to be replaced with online teaching. As a new alternative in learning, it will certainly bring up several obstacles that will be faced by students while studying. This study aims to determine the difficulties faced by students during online learning by using various applications that support online learning such as WhatsApp, Google Classroom and Zoom Meeting. In this study, qualitative methods have been used and a descriptive approach was used to explain the data. In data collection, questionnaires and interviews were used to obtain in-depth information about the difficulties faced by students during online learning. The results in this study indicate that students experience various kinds of obstacles in the implementation of online learning, such as (1) operating learning applications, (2) limited internet quota, (3), incomplete learning resources / materials, (4) poor communication, and (5) decreased learning motivation during online learning, however, even though there were obstacles faced by the students, it did not stop them from continuing to study in difficult times such as the Covid 19 pandemic.
Comprehensive Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome in Patients with Sjogren’s Syndrome by Using Preservative-Free Drops Containing 0.4 % Sodium Hyaluronate and a Complex of Nutraceuticals
Authors: Zborovska Oleksandra V. , Horyanova Ilijna S. , Kolesnichenko Victoria V.
Published: September 2021

The aim. To increase the effectiveness of treatment of dry eye syndrome in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome with preservative-free drops which contain 0.4 % sodium hyaluronate and nutraceutical complexes nutraceuticals. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. The study included 64 patients aged 34 to 58 years (128 eyes) with dry eye syndrome accompanied by Sjogren’s syndrome. Examination of patients included: assessment of complaints, visometry, refractometry, bacterial culture of the conjunctiva and nasopharynx, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, Schirmer and Norn tests, assessment of "comfort of application of drops" on the questionnaire. This study is an extension of the study previously conducted at the premises of the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of The National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine on the effectiveness of preservative-free eye drops containing 0.4 % hyaluronic acid in the treatment of Sjogren’s syndrome. Results. Prior to the appointment of comprehensive treatment with instillations, the Norn test showed 6.55 s (SD 1.57) with a minimum of 3 s, a maximum of 9 s, and a median of 6.5 s. After 3 months of treatment the Norn test score in the 1st group averaged 14.66 (SD 1.07) vs. 13.86 (SD 1.07) in the 2nd group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=1.0). The mean number of required instillations per day was 4.1 (SD 1.04) in the 1st group and 5.27 (SD 1.11) in the 2nd group. Conclusion. Instillations of preservative-free drops containing sodium hyaluronate 0.4 % (in a bottle with an innovative ophthalmic squeeze dispenser (OSD)) in combination with a nutraceutical complex in the treatment of dry eye syndrome in patients with Sjogren’s syndrome is effective and allows achieving a stable and long-term effect. Keywords: Sjogren’s syndrome, hyaluronic acid, nutraceuticals, artificial tear, Schirmer test, Norn test, dry eye syndrome, tear film.
Stockendes Leben, kalte Welt
Authors: Hierdeis Helmwart
Published: September 2021

Der folgende Beitrag stellt zunächst den norwegischen Autor Karl Ove Knausgård und den Inhalt seines Romans Sterben vor. Dem schließt sich eine Skizze des Konzepts von Alfred Lorenzer zur tiefenhermeneutischen Literaturanalyse mit der Unterscheidung zwischen »manifesten« und »latenten« Textbedeutungen an. Im Zentrum der Darstellung steht der Versuch, anhand einer Romanpassage über die Beziehung des Ich-Erzählers zu seinem Vater die beim Leser/Interpreten ausgelöste emotional-szenische Resonanz zu beschreiben und die von Lorenzer postulierten Textebenen herauszuarbeiten.
Vegan und kerosinfrei
Authors: Straub Jürgen , Ruppel Paul Sebastian
Published: September 2021

Ökologie impliziert ein moralisches Bewusstsein, das Mitverantwortung für die Zukunft des Planeten und seiner Bewohner einschließt. Der in der ökologischen Lebenspraxis sichtbare »Brennpunkt der Erfahrung« (Michel Foucault) bestimmt heute hoch komplexe Sozialisationsund Enkulturationsvorgänge. Aus philosophischer, sozialwissenschaftlicher, psychologischer und psychoanalytischer Perspektive kann diesbezüglich auch von einer neuen Art der »Subjektivierung« gesprochen werden. Dieser Beitrag analysiert Ansätze zur dichten Beschreibung und verstehenden Erklärung ökologischer Subjektivierung und des ökologischen Selbst. Er plädiert dabei für einen handlungstheoretischen und kulturpsychologischen Zugang. Verantwortungsethische Reflexionen und die Motivation zu moralischem Handeln sind für das ökologische Selbst ebenso konstitutiv wie eine auf praktischer Vernunft fußende, vor allem am Wert der Nachhaltigkeit ausgerichtete Lebensführung. Wie gezeigt wird, sind Subjektivierungen transindividuelle, geschichtliche und gesellschaftliche Geschehnisse. Dennoch sind Subjekte keine passiven Produkte eines völlig heteronomen Prozesses. Sie sind vielmehr an ihrer Subjektivierung zum ökologischen Selbst beteiligt.
ТОПЛИВНАЯ ЭКОНОМИЧНОСТЬ АВТОТРАКТОРНЫХ ДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ ОТКЛЮЧЕНИИ ЧАСТИ ЦИЛИНДРОВ
Authors:   Владимирский государственный университет имени Александра Григорьевича и Николая Григорьевича Столетовых, ГОЦ А.Н. , ГУСЬКОВ В.Ф. ,   Владимирский государственный университет имени Александра Григорьевича и Николая Григорьевича Столетовых
Published: September 2021

Проведен анализ показателей цикла рабочего процесса при отключении части цилиндров на частичных режимах работы поршневого двигателя. При этом возможны различные варианты, когда подача топлива в эти цилиндры прекращается и одновременно отключаются органы механизма газораспределения и подача искры в двигателях с принудительным воспламенением, а также возможен вариант, когда осуществляется только отключение цилиндров. При отключении части цилиндров происходит уменьшениенасосныхпотерь, а также улучшаются условия воспламенения и сгорания топливовоздушной смеси. Кроме того, происходит увеличение индикаторного коэффициента полезного действия (КПД) из-за уменьшения тепловых потерь от рабочего тела в стенку цилиндра по отношению к полноразмерному двигателю. Проведенный анализ работы двигателей с принудительным воспламенением показал, что улучшение топливной экономичности двигателей на частичных режимах достигается отключением части цилиндров путем прекращения в них топливоподачи только с одновременным воздействием на органы газораспределения. Для двигателей с воспламенением от сжатия отключение одного и двух цилиндров путем прекращения в них топливоподачи сопровождается ухудшением топливной экономичности, особенно в диапазоне частот вращения коленчатого вала, близкому к максимальному крутящему моменту, вследствие уменьшения индикаторного КПД, обусловленного снижением коэффициента избытка воздуха.
ЭНТАЛЬПИИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И ЭНЕРГИИ ПЕРЕСТРОЙКИ РАДИКАЛОВ НАФТАЛИНА
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, МИРОШНИЧЕНКО Е.А. , КОНЬКОВА Т. С. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, МАТЮШИН Ю. Н. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ВОРОБЬЁВ А. Б. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ИНОЗЕМЦЕВ Я.О. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук, ИНОЗЕМЦЕВ А. В. ,   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семёнова Российской академии наук
Published: September 2021

На основе метода двойной разности рассчитаны энтальпии образования радикалов нафтил-1 и нафтил-2 (405,0 ± 2,0 кДж/моль). В качестве объектов исследования использованы данные по энтальпиям образования производных нафталина, в качестве реперных величин применили радикал фенил и производные бензола. Полученные данные по энтальпиям образования радикалов нафтил-1 и нафтил-2 были применены для корректировки имеющихся энтальпий образования производных нафталина в газовой фазе. Для 1- и 2-нитронафталина получена одинаковая величина, равная 133 кДж/моль. Литературные данные составляли 111,2 ± 5,3 и 145,0 ± 1,9 кДж/моль для 1-нитронафталина и 129,8 кДж/моль для 2-нитронафталина (расчет). Полученные данные позволили рассчитать энергии диссоциации связей D(C-NO2) в 1- и 2-нитронафталине, которая составила 306 ± 2,0 кДж/моль и близка к энергии этой связи в бензоле(305,4±1,3кДж/моль). Для определения идентичности связей в нафталине и бензоле был выполнен совместный расчет связей С-Н и С-С в нафталине и бензоле из энтальпий атомизации этих соединений. Связи получены идентичными, т. е. связи одинаковы по величине, из чего можно определить, что энергии перестройки радикалов нафтил-1 и нафтил-2равны 0 кДж/моль.
TOURISM IN EAST JAVA, AS A USUAL BUSINESS
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Malang, Faculty of Social Science, Indonesia, PURNOMO Agus , ARISTIN Nevy Farista ,   Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Indonesia
Published: September 2021

Covid-19 has had many socio-cultural, economic, and psychological impacts on various tourism stakeholders. The study used in this article is a qualitative exploratory study using the phenomenological method. This study's aim is on tourism activities that took place during the covid 19 periods to the new normal was carried out through interviews and observations in 24 Malang tourism managers and 30 residents. The method used to answer the objectives is a case study that focuses on the manager and the tourism community in Malang Raya. Determination of research informants using the snowball design. At the end of the study, several adaptation patterns carried out by tourism managers were refocusing on their market segments. Following the health protocol, the manager captures local tourists to maintain the capital's liquidity; they must ensure post-crisis periods.
Perfil de utilização de anticoagulantes parenterais em pacientes com COVID-19 em um hospital universitário no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: PEREIRA Manoella N. , PIMENTEL Alessandra F. , JUNIOR Saint C. , TEIXEIRA Cesar A. , VOLSCHAN Isabela C.
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil de prescrição de anticoagulação dos pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 e a ocorrência de eventos hemorrágicos em pacientes em uso de anticoagulantes, que desenvolveram doença respiratória grave necessitando de suporte clínico avançado em CTI comparados com pacientes que necessitaram de internação, porém sem suporte clínico avançado. Métodos: Estudo observacional descritivo com abordagem quantitativa realizado em um hospital público no rio de Janeiro, no período de 29 de março de 2020 a 13 de outubro de 2020. Foram analisados dados recuperados do prontuário e prescrição eletrônicos de pacientes hospitalizados com diagnóstico de COVID-19 confirmado por RT-PCR e que fizeram uso de anticoagulante por no mínimo 60% do tempo de internação. Os pacientes que preencheram os critérios de inclusão foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1, pacientes que desenvolveram doença respiratória grave necessitando de suporte clínico avançado em CTI ou em qualquer outra unidade hospitalar, em caso de ausência de leitos no CTI); grupo 2, pacientes que necessitaram de internação, porém sem suporte clínico avançado. Resultados: Dos 421 pacientes internados com COVID-19, 281 prontuários foram analisados e, destes, 218 preencheram os critérios de inclusão do estudo. Cento e doze (51%) pacientes foram categorizados no grupo 1 e 106 (49%) no grupo 2. A média de idade geral foi de 64 anos (p=0,053) e a maioria (52%) era do sexo masculino. A mortalidade geral deste estudo foi de 33,5%, sendo os pacientes do grupo 1 os mais afetados (60,7%). Em relação ao uso de anticoagulante, cento e sessenta (73,6%) pacientes fizeram uso de dose profilática, 47 (21,6%) pacientes de dose intermediária e 11 (5,0%) pacientes de dose terapêutica. No geral, 27 (12,4%) pacientes apresentaram eventos hemorrágicos após terem iniciado o tratamento com anticoagulante. Destes, 18 (66,7%) pacientes estavam em uso de dose profilática anteriormente ao sangramento, 5 (18,5%) pacientes em dose intermediária e 4 (14,8%) pacientes em dose terapêutica. Conclusão: Neste estudo, foi possível observar que a dose profilática foi a mais utilizada nos pacientes hospitalizados, condizente com as evidências da literatura e com a recomendação da própria instituição. A ocorrência de eventos hemorrágicos foi maior no grupo de pacientes que fizeram uso de anticoagulantes em dose profilática.
ANALISIS SALURAN PEMASARAN DAN RISIKO DISTRIBUSI MELON (Cucumis melo L.) YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Ramadhan Januar , Yoesdiarti Arti , Miftah Himmatul
Published: September 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi saluran pemasaran dan risiko distribusi Melon yang dijual di pasar tradisional Kota Bogor. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Pasar Jambu Dua dan Pasar Baru Bogor, pemilihan lokasi ini dilakukan secara purposive karena kedua pasar tersebut merupakan pasar tradisional terbesar di Kota Bogor yang mendistribusikan buah dengan kuantitas terbanyak salah satunya yaitu Melon. Penentuan sampel dilakukan secara purposive untuk pedagang retail di pasar tradisional Kota Bogor dan snowball sampling untuk pelaku tataniaga yang menyuplai ke pedagang eceran. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat dua saluran pemasaran yang terbentuk. Saluran I Pedagang pengumpul di Klaten dan Kulonprogo - pedagang besar Pasar Induk Kramat Jati-pedagang pengecer Pasar Tradisional Kota Bogor - konsumen akhir, saluran II Pedagang pengumpul di Grobogan - pedagang besar Pasar Induk Kramat Jati - pedagang pengecer Pasar Tradisional Kota Bogor - konsumen akhir. Nilai marjin pemasaran dan farmer’s share pada analisis efisiensi saluran pemasaran menunjukan saluran pemasaran I dan II memiliki nilai marjin total yang sama yaitu Rp. 10.000 dan  farmer’s share paling tinggi yaitu pada saluran pemasaran II sebesar 23,08%. Hasil analisis risiko distribusi dengan pendekatan Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) menunjukan risiko paling tinggi adalah susut bobot tingkat pedagang pengumpul, rusak fisik di tingkat pedagang besar dan susut bobot di tingkat pedagang pengecer
Efficient and safe substrates for black soldier fly biowaste treatment along circular economy principles
Authors: Gold Moritz , Ireri David , Zurbrugg Christian , Fowles Trevor , Mathys Alexander
Published: September 2021

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) treatment is an emerging technology for the valorisation of nutrients from biowaste. Selecting suitable substrates for BSFL treatment is a frequent challenge for researchers and practitioners. We conducted a systematic assessment of BSFL treatment substrates in Nairobi, Kenya to source more substrate for upscaling an existing BSFL treatment facility. The applied approach is universal and considers four criteria: 1) substrate availability and costs, 2) BSFL process performance, 3) product safety, and 4) waste recovery hierarchy. Data were collected from previous waste assessments or semi-structured key informant interviews and sight tours of waste producers. Waste nutritional composition and BSFL process performance metrics were summarised in the “BSFL Substrate Explorer”, an open-access web application that should facilitate the replication of such assessments. We show that most biowaste in Nairobi is currently not available for facility upscaling due to contamination with inorganics and a lack of affordable waste collection services. A mixture of human faeces, animal manure, fruit/vegetable waste, and food waste (with inorganics) should be pursued for upscaling. These wastes tend to have a lower treatment performance, but in contrast to cereal-based byproducts, food industry byproducts, and segregated food waste, there is no conflict with animal feed utilization. The traceability of substrates, source control, and post-harvest processing of larvae are required to ensure feed safety. The criteria presented here ensures the design of BSFL treatment facilities based on realistic performance estimates, the production of safe insect-based products, and environmental benefits of products compared to the status quo.
WOOD GASIFICATION. INFLUENCE OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON THE TAR FORMATION AND GAS CLEANING
Authors: Dudynski Marek
Published: September 2021

We present an analysis of influence of biomass pre-treatment and change of gasifying agent on the performance of an oxygen-steam-air updraft gasification plant and a technological process capable of delivering high quality producer gas. The results of these changes on composition of tar collected with absorption type gas purification unit, designed for dust and tar removal are also reported.
Innovative recycling of end of life silicon PV panels: ReSiELP
Authors: Cerchier Pietrogiovanni , Brunelli Katya , Pezzato Luca , Audoin Claire , Rakotoniaina Jean Patrice , Sessa Teresa , Tammaro Marco , Sabia Gianpaolo , Attanasio Agnese , Forte Chiara , Nisi Alessio , Suitner Harald , Dabalà Manuele
Published: September 2021

In Europe, an increasing amount of End of Life (EoL) photovoltaic silicon (PV) panels is expected to be collected in the next 20 years. The silicon PV modules represent a new type of electronic waste that shows challenges and opportunities.
ReSiELP was a European project that aimed at recovery of valuable materials (aluminum, glass, copper, silicon, and silver) from EoL silicon PV modules. During the project a pilot plant, constituted by a furnace, a gas abatement system, an apparatus for the mechanical separation and a hydrometallurgical plant was designed and built. The pilot plan was realized to upscale recycling technology to TRL 7, with a 1500 panels/year capacity. The feasibility of industrial-scale recovery and the reintegration of all recovered materials in their appropriate value chain was investigated. The results obtained showed that 2N purity silicon and 2N purity silver can be recovered with high efficiency. In order to realize a zero-waste plant, a hydrometallurgical process was developed for the wastewater treatment. Moreover, the use of recovered glass for building materials was investigated and the obtained performance seemed comparable with commercial products.
Thermogravimetric analysis of glue-welded joint with various adhesive materials
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Konoplin A. Yu. , Baurova N. I. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)
Published: September 2021

Using the IR-thermography methods, the experimental evaluation of temperature transitions in a steel and aluminum glue-welded joint made with applying various adhesive materials (epoxy, anaerobic, organic-silicon and hot melt glue) has been carried out. It was found out that viscosity of an adhesive material considerably effected on the temperature transitions in the glue-welded joint as well as on glue line thickness. The temperature transitions were demonstrated on different sections of the glue-welded joint. Conclusions were made about the influence of properties of adhesive materials on the glue-welded joint quality.
TET3-mediated accumulation of DNA hydroxymethylation contributes to the activity-dependent gene expression of Rab3a in post-mitotic neurons
Authors: Luo Kun , Wang Lesheng , Shen Yulong , She Shuhua , Cui Yong , Liu Kui
Published: September 2021

Rab3a, a subtype protein in the Rab3 family amongst the small G proteins, is closely associated with the learning and memory formation process. Various neuronal stimuli can induce the expression of Rab3a; however, how DNA modification is involved in regulating its expression is not fully understood. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins can oxidate methylcytosine to hydroxymethylcytosine, which can further activate gene expression. Previous studies reported that TET-mediated regulation of 5hmC induced by learning is involved in neuronal activation. However, whether Tet protein regulates Rab3a is unknown. To understand the role of TET-mediated 5hmC on Rab3a in neuronal activation, we adopted a KCl-induced depolarization protocol in cultured primary cortical neurons to mimic neuronal activity in vitro. After KCl treatment, Rab3a and Tet3 mRNA expression were induced. Moreover, we observed a decrease in the methylation level and an increase of hydroxymethylation level surrounding the CpG island near the transcription start site of Rab3a. Furthermore, recently, Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements (FAIRE) has proven powerful in identifying open chromatin in the genome of various eukaryotes. Using FAIRE-qPCR, we observed a euchromatin state and the increased occupancy of Tet3, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac at the promoter region of Rab3a after KCl treatment. Finally, by using shRNA to knockdown Tet3 prior KCl treatment, all changes mentioned above vanished. Thus, our findings elucidated that the neuronal activity-induced accumulation of hydroxymethylation, which Tet3 mediates, can introduce an active and permissive chromatin structure at Rab3a promoter and lead to the induction of Rab3a mRNA expression.
Selective executive impairments as neuroimmunological manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Konstantinopoulou Eleni , Ioannidis Panagiotis , Kiosseoglou Grigorios , Aretouli Eleni
Published: September 2021

Executive processes that predominantly effect people living with human immunodeficiency virus remain to be understood. In the present case-control study, components summarizing executive functions were empirically determined to clarify the nature of executive difficulties observed in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus. One hundred and five seropositive and 62 seronegative healthy adults without comorbidities underwent a comprehensive executive function assessment. Test data were reduced via principal components analysis and component scores were used to investigate whether seropositive adults exhibit selective difficulties in specific executive processes. A three-component solution was found, consisting of updating, inhibition and set-shifting. Group differences between seropositive and seronegative participants were observed only in the updating component. In the present exploratory analyses, significant findings emerged that suggest a selective executive impairment associated with the updating/working memory process in young to middle adulthood seropositive individuals without comorbidities.
Spinal relay neurons for central control of autonomic pathways in a photoperiodic rodent
Authors: Reuss Stefan
Published: September 2021

Location and distribution of spinal sympathetic preganglionic neurons projecting to the superior cervical ganglion were investigated in a rodent model organism for photoperiodic regulation, the Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus). Upon unilateral injection of Fluoro-Gold into the superior cervical ganglia, retrograde neuronal tracing demonstrated labeled neurons ipsilateral to the injection site. They were seen in spinal segments C8 to Th5 of which the segments Th1 to Th3 contained about 98% of the labeled cells. Neurons were found in the spinal cord predominantly in the intermediolateral nucleus pars principalis and pars funicularis. At the same time, the central autonomic area and the intercalated region contained only very few labeled cells. In the intermediolateral nucleus, cells often were arranged in clusters, of which several were seen in each spinal segment. Selected sections were exposed to antibodies directed against arginine-vasopressin, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, neuropeptide Y, neurotensin, oxytocin or substance P. It was found that about two-thirds of sympathetic preganglionic neurons produced the gaseous neuroactive substance nitric oxide and that few contained small amounts of neuropeptide Y. Fibers of putative supraspinal origin immunopositive for either arginine-vasopressin, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, neuropeptide Y, neurotensin, oxytocin or, in particular, substance P were found in the vicinity of labeled sympathetic preganglionic neurons. These results demonstrate the location of relay neurons for autonomic control of cranial and cardial structures and provide further knowledge on neurochemical properties of sympathetic preganglionic neurons and related structures.
The anti-aging effect of velvet antler polypeptide is dependent on modulation of the gut microbiota and regulation of the PPARα/APOE4 pathway
Authors: Liu Xiaoran , Yang Qing , Li Hui , Lan Xingcheng , Kan Mo , Lin Jianan , Wang Jifeng , Zhang Zhuang , Ming Sitong , Li Zhen , Liu Yaxin , Zhang Yanhong , Pang Qihang , Gao Song , Li Na
Published: September 2021

We investigated the anti-aging effects of velvet antler polypeptide on D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging mice. D-gal-induced aging mice were established and randomly divided into five groups, the control, model, vitamin E (VE), velvet antler polypeptide low-dose and velvet antler polypeptide high-dose groups. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of aging mice. Hippocampal neurons were observed via hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Biochemical methods were used to detect the activities of superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde and other enzymes and evaluate the influence of velvet antler polypeptide on the antioxidant capacity of aging mice. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and meristem technology, we assessed the effect of velvet antler polypeptide on aging mice’s intestinal flora and fatty acid metabolism. The experimental results showed that velvet antler polypeptide could significantly improve aging mice’s learning and cognitive abilities, increase the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in the serum decrease the malonaldehyde content. Intestinal microecological analysis showed that velvet antler polypeptide could significantly increase the beneficial bacterial genus Lactobacillus abundance. Western blot analysis further demonstrated that velvet antler polypeptide could promote fatty acid metabolism by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and upregulating the expression of the downstream enzymes carnitine-palmitoyl transferase-1 A and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 while downregulating that of apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), thereby reducing fatty acid accumulation and increasing adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) production. Therefore, velvet antler polypeptide improves the intestinal microecology and activates the PPARα/APOE4 pathway to regulate fatty acid metabolism.
The impact of CRMP4 SUMOylation on the Cav1.2 interaction, neurite outgrowth and thermal pain sensitivity
Authors: Lai Shangdao , Pan Meiyuan , Liao Hongxing , Chen Jiayu , Jiang Yuqing , Li Yalan
Published: September 2021

Collapsin response mediator protein 4 (CRMP4) is critical for neuronal development. However, whether CRMP4 could be SUMOylated and how the SUMOylation regulates the interaction with the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (Cav1.2), neurite outgrowth, and thermal pain sensitivity remain to be elucidated. To determine the SUMOylation of CRMP4, Glutathione S-transferase (GST) - Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 1 (-SUMO1), -SUMO2, and -SUMO3 proteins were purified for GST-pulldown. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe colocalization of CRMP4 and SUMOs. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) was performed to assess the interaction between CRMP4 and SUMO2. GST-pulldown and co-IP were performed to verify the interaction between CRMP4 and Cav1.2. The impact of SUMOylation of CRMP4 on its interaction with Cav1.2 was determined. Then, the effect of CRMP4 SUMOylation on neurite outgrowth was observed. Whole-cell patch clamping revealed the effect of CRMP4 SUMOylation on Cav1.2 mediated calcium influx. Paw withdrawal latency was measured to assess the impact of CRMP4 SUMOylation on thermal pain sensitivity in rats. The data revealed that CRMP4 K374 is a potential site for SUMO modification. SUMO1, SUMO2, and SUMO3 can all interact with CRMP4. SUMO2 interacts with CRMP4, but not a variant of CRMP4 harboring a mutation of K374. CRMP4 and SUMO proteins colocalized in neurites, and CRMP4 deSUMOylation promoted neurite outgrowth. CRMP4 interacted with Cav1.2, and deSUMOylation of CRMP4 strengthened this interaction. CRMP4 promoted calcium influx via Cav1.2, and overexpression of CRMP4 significantly increased thermal pain sensitivity in rats, which CRMP4 deSUMOylation strengthened. In conclusion, these data demonstrate the SUMOylation of CRMP4, elucidate the impacts of SUMOylation on the interaction with Cav1.2 on neurite outgrowth and thermal pain sensitivity.
Prenatal sevoflurane exposure causes abnormal development of the entorhinal cortex in rat offspring
Authors: Gao Ying , Zhao Tianyun , Chen Yanxin , Sun Zhixiang , Lu Junming , Shi Ziwen , Song Xingrong
Published: September 2021

As a gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor agonist sevoflurane is a common general anesthetic used in anesthesia and affects the neural development in offspring. We hypothesized that sevoflurane could regulate interneurons via the neuregulin-1-epidermal growth factor receptor-4 (NRG1–ErbB4) pathway in the entorhinal cortex (ECT) of the middle pregnancy. Six female rats in middle pregnancy (14.5 days of pregnancy) were randomly and equally divided into sevoflurane (SeV) and control groups. The rats in the SeV group were exposed to 4% sevoflurane for 3 hours. The expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4, parvalbumin (PV) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67), and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2A (NR2A) and subunit 2B (NR2B) in offspring were examined through immunohistochemistry. The pyramidal neurons in the ECT were examined via Golgi staining. The levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) and the levels of PV and GAD67 (interneurons) were found to be decreased in the SeV group (P < 0.01). The level of NR2B was found to be increased while the level of NR2A being decreased in the SeV group (P < 0.01). The development of pyramidal neurons was abnormal in the SeV group (P < 0.05). Conclusively, prenatal sevoflurane exposure could lead to the disturbance of the interneurons by activating the NRG1–ErbB4 pathway and subsequently result in abnormal development of pyramidal neurons in middle pregnancy. Prenatal sevoflurane exposure in middle pregnancy could be potentially harmful to the neural development of rat offspring. This study may reveal a novel pathway in the influence mechanism of sevoflurane on rat offspring.
Distinguishing brain abscess from necrotic glioblastoma using MRI-based intranodular radiomic features and peritumoral edema/tumor volume ratio
Authors: Xiao Dongdong , Wang Jiajing , Wang Xuan , Fu Peng , Zhao Hongyang , Yan Pengfei , Jiang Xiaobing
Published: September 2021

A correct preoperative diagnosis is essential for the treatment and prognosis of necrotic glioblastoma and brain abscess, but the differentiation between them remains challenging. We constructed a diagnostic prediction model with good performance and enhanced clinical applicability based on data from 86 patients with necrotic glioblastoma and 32 patients with brain abscess that were diagnosed between January 2012 and January 2020. The diagnostic values of three regions of interest based on contrast-enhanced T1 weighted images (including whole tumor, brain-tumor interface, and an amalgamation of both regions) were compared using Logistics Regression and Random Forest. Feature reduction based on the optimal regions of interest was performed using principal component analysis with varimax rotation. The performance of the classifiers was assessed by receiver operator curves. Finally, clinical predictors were utilized to detect the diagnostic power. The mean area under curve (AUC) values of the whole tumor model was significantly higher than other two models obtained from Brain-Tumor Interface (BTI) and combine regions both in training (AUC mean = 0.850) and test/validation set (AUC mean = 0.896) calculated by Logistics Regression and in the testing set (AUC mean = 0.876) calculated by Random Forest. Among these three diagnostic prediction models, the combined model provided superior discrimination performance and yielded an AUC of 0.993, 0.907, and 0.974 in training, testing, and combined datasets, respectively. Compared with the brain-tumor interface and the combined regions, features obtained from the whole tumor showed the best differential value. The radiomic features combined with the peritumoral edema/tumor volume ratio provided the prediction model with the greatest diagnostic performance.
Changes in depressive-like behaviors induced by spinal cord injury based on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and hippocampal neurogenesis
Authors: Liu Chang-Hong , Zhao Bo-Lun , Li Wen-Tao , Zhou Xiao-Hua , Jin Zhe , An Li-Bin
Published: September 2021

A reduction in sucrose preference is a key characteristic of depressive-like behaviors after spinal cord injury as judged by the sucrose preference test, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Male rats were divided into three groups: control, sham and spinal cord injury groups. The spinal cord injury rats received a severe mid-thoracic contusion. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score was used to assess motor function. The sucrose preference test and forced swim test were used to evaluate depressive-like behaviors. Serum corticosterone levels were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor levels were examined by Western blot to evaluate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis was assessed by testing hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tropomyosin receptor kinase B levels by Western blot and doublecortin levels by immunohistochemistry. Data showed that spinal cord injury impaired motor function. The spinal cord injury rats exhibited decreased sucrose preference on day six, which continued to decrease until day twelve, followed by a plateau phase. Additionally, the immobility time of the spinal cord injury rats was increased on day thirty-four. Moreover, serum corticosterone levels in the spinal cord injury group peaked on day seven, was decreased by day twenty-one and was increased again on day thirty-five. Serum corticosterone levels were significantly negatively correlated with sucrose preference and positively correlated with immobility time. Finally, hippocampal doublecortin levels on days twenty-one and thirty-five were lower in the spinal cord injury group than in the other groups. These results suggest that hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the inhibition of adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be part of the underlying mechanism responsible for depressive-like behaviors after spinal cord injury.
Altered production of reproductive neuropeptides in rats subjected to chronic intermittent hypoxia
Authors: Terrizzi Antonela Romina , Martinez María Pilar , Fernandez-Solari Javier
Published: September 2021

Hypobaric hypoxia is a stressful condition known to decrease fertility both in humans and animals. However, the mechanism by which the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis is altered remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of chronic intermittent and continuous exposure to hypoxia on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation in male rats. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were assigned to one of the following three groups: control group; chronic intermittent hypoxia: subjected to 600 mbar for 18 h/d five days a week; and chronic continuous hypoxia: subjected to 600 mbar for 23.5 hours/day seven days a week, for 30 days. Plasma luteinizing hormone and testosterone concentration, hypothalamic GnRh, Kiss1 and Rfrp3 mRNA levels and PGE2 content were determined. Levels of Rfrp3, a negative regulator of GnRH and LH release, were higher in intermittently exposed animals than in controls. Levels of Kiss1, a neuropeptide that stimulates the release of GnRH only increased in animals exposed to continuous hypoxia. Plasma luteinizing hormone and testosterone concentrations and body weight were lower in rats subjected to intermittent hypoxia as compared to the remaining groups. GnRh mRNA levels as well as PGE2 content remained unchanged in all groups. Taken together, results suggest that besides the well documented direct effects of hypoxia on the testes, infertility observed in male rats exposed to hypoxia may also be due to overexpression of negative regulators of GnRH and luteinizing hormone release. Intermittent, rather than continuous, to hypoxia exposure would seem to be more detrimental to fertility.