bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soft Tissue Tumor Immunohistochemistry Update: Illustrative Examples of Diagnostic Pearls to Avoid Pitfalls
Authors: Wei Shi , Henderson-Jackson Evita , Qian Xiaohua , Bui Marilyn M.
Published: July 2017

Context.—

Current 2013 World Health Organization classification of tumors of soft tissue arranges these tumors into 12 groups according to their histogenesis. Tumor behavior is classified as benign, intermediate (locally aggressive), intermediate (rarely metastasizing), and malignant. In our practice, a general approach to reaching a definitive diagnosis of soft tissue tumors is to first evaluate clinicoradiologic, histomorphologic, and cytomorphologic features of the tumor to generate some pertinent differential diagnoses. These include the potential line of histogenesis and whether the tumor is benign or malignant, and low or high grade. Although molecular/genetic testing is increasingly finding its applications in characterizing soft tissue tumors, currently immunohistochemistry still not only plays an indispensable role in defining tumor histogenesis, but also serves as a surrogate for underlining molecular/genetic alterations.

Objective—

To provide an overview focusing on the current concepts in the classification and diagnosis of soft tissue tumors, incorporating immunohistochemistry. This article uses examples to discuss how to use the traditional and new immunohistochemical markers for the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors. Practical diagnostic pearls, summary tables, and figures are used to show how to avoid diagnostic pitfalls.

Data Sources.—

Data were obtained from pertinent peer-reviewed English-language literature and the authors' first-hand experience as bone and soft tissue pathologists.

Conclusions.—

—The ultimate goal for a pathologist is to render a specific diagnosis that provides diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic information to guide patient care. Immunohistochemistry is integral to the diagnosis and management of soft tissue tumors.
Exploring the dimensionality of the TRIM-18 in the Spanish context
Authors: Fernández-Capo Maria , Recoder Silvia , Gómez-Benito Juana , Gámiz María , Gual Pilar , Díez Patricia , Worthington Jr. Everett
Published: July 2017

Introduction: The Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivation (TRIM-18) Inventory is an instrument that assesses episodic forgiveness. This scale is composed of three subscales: avoidance, revenge and benevolence. The present study examined the dimensionality of the Spanish version of the TRIM-18 (TRIM-18-S) and provided evidence of validity and reliability. Method: A total of 943 participants completed the TRIM-18-S.  A subset of 277 participants completed additional measures of empathy, anger, and information regarding the relation with the offender. Results: The TRIM-18-S showed good psychometric properties, and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a three-factor structure. Conclusions: The scale presents adequate psychometric properties for its potential use in a Spanish population.

 
Work engagement and job performance: the moderating role of perceived organizational support
Authors: Yongxing Guo , Hongfei Du , Baoguo Xie , Lei Mo
Published: July 2017

The present research was aim to examine whether the relationship between work engagement and objective task performance is moderated by perceived organizational support (POS). Based on the existing literature, perceived organizational support is hypothesized to strengthen the positive association between employees’ work engagement and their objective task performance. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 1049 employees. Results of hierarchical regression analysis show that: (1) work engagement is positively related to objective task performance, and (2) the relationship between work engagement and objective task performance is moderated by POS, such that the positive relationship is more significant when POS higher than lower. In the end, theoretical and practical implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Diseño y validación de un cuestionario de medición del aprendizaje cooperativo en contextos educativos
Authors: Fernandez-Rio Javier , Cecchini Jose A. , Mendez-Gimenez Antonio , Mendez-Alonso David , Prieto Jose A.
Published: July 2017

The goal of the present study was to design and validate an instrument to assess the basic elements of cooperative learning, as well as a cooperation index. 11.202 primary education (grades 5, 6), secondary education and baccalaureate students (5.838 males, 5.364 females) from 68 different schools in 62 cities all over Spain agreed to participate. The age range was 11-18 years. The participating students had experienced several cooperative learning techniques during the last six months. The first version of the questionnaire was assessed by a group of experts. A pilot study with 60 students similar to the target sample was conducted on the second version of the instrument. The final version underwent several statistical tests. The Cooperative Learning Questionnaire included five subscales: Promotive Interaction, Positive Interdependence, Individual Accountability, Group Processing and Interpersonal skills. Factorial and confirmatory analysis showed that all reliability indices were acceptable, even under the most difficult conditions. The questionnaire showed adequate convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity. Results showed that it is an easy instrument to assess all the basic elements of cooperative learning in primary, secondary and baccalaureate students and obtain a global cooperation factor.
Análisis de la psicopatología familiar como una herramienta terapéutica en los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria.
Authors: Gómez-Castillo María Dolores , Torres-Ortuño Ana I. , Galindo-Piñana Pilar , López-Durán Alicia
Published: July 2017

The objective of this study is to find out the degree of psychopathology which patients with an eating disorder present (ED) and to which degree this is accompanied by the presence of psychopathology in mothers and fathers of patients. Three groups of patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and a control group were selected. Each group had 30 participants (and mothers and fathers). A socio-demographic questionnaire and the SCL-90-R were applied. This scale measured nine dimensions of psychopathology in patients, mothers and fathers. An ANOVA of partially repeated measures with two factors was applied to each dimension of SCL-90-R. Multiple comparisons between groups within each of the repeated measures were carried out with Sidak test. Patients in three clinical groups obtained significant differences in all psychopathological variables compared with the control group, except in phobic anxiety.These clinical results were accompanied by some degree of psychopathology in mothers but not fathers. The presence of high levels of psychopathology in the three groups of patients and mothers has therapeutic implications that indicate the need for psychological intervention in patients and their mothers.
Evaluación del Capital Psicológico en trabajadores españoles: diseño y estructura empírica del cuestionario OREA
Authors: Meseguer-de Pedro Mariano , Soler-Sánchez Maria Isabel , Fernández-Valera María-Magdalena , García-Izquierdo Mariano
Published: July 2017

Psychological capital is a higher-order construct comprised by four components (optimism, resilience, hope and self-efficacy) that includes the development of those skills that have a direct impact on the outcome of different organizational variables. The objective of this study is the design of a questionnaire to evaluate psychological capital in the workplace. Two samples of workers belonging to companies of various socio- economic sectors of the Region of Murcia were used (N = 238; N = 338). In order to the the results of the first sample and according to the results of an analysis factor exploratory, a 12-item questionnaire was prepared, three items for each of the facets of psychological capital, which was called OREA (optimism, resilience, hope and self- efficacy). Next, the questionnaire was applied to the second sample and according to the analysis of structural equations, the four-factor model presented very suitable set values (GFI =. 943; CFI =. 936; RMSEA =. 07). It is concluded that the OREA questionnaire presents an empirical structure consistent with the theoretical model, and adequate levels of reliability and validity. 
Efectos de la fatiga anticipatoria y la sintomatología emocional en la percepción de fatiga física y cognitiva
Authors: Fuentes-Márquez Sandra , Senín-Calderón Cristina , Rodríguez-Testal Juan F. , Carrasco-Ortiz Miguel A.
Published: July 2017

Objectives: To analyze the effects of anticipatory fatigue and emotional symptomatology on the physical and cognitive perception of fatigue. The conditional and partial effects of independent variables were analyzed by multivariate and univariate analyses in an ex- post-fact and correlational method. Sample was composed of 317 participants (29% come from clinical population). Anticipatory fatigue, and perception of fatigue (by the Chalder et al.´s Fatigue Scale) were measured. Emotional symptoms were assessed by Goldberg´s questionnaire, GHQ-28. Anticipatory fatigue and emotional symptoms (mainly depressive symptoms) had significant effects on the cognitive and physical fatigue. The anticipatory fatigue moderated the effects between group (clinical versus general) and cognitive fatigue. Emotional symptoms (mainly depressive symptoms) and anticipatory fatigue made an important contribution to the cognitive and physical fatigue. However, the contribution of the anticipatory fatigue was no longer significant when the emotional symptoms were considered. It suggests the mediational role of the symptoms between anticipatory fatigue and perception of fatigue.
Cuestionario breve de respuesta parental ante el comportamiento disruptivo (RPCD): Perspectiva de los padres.
Authors: Cantero-García María , Alonso-Tapia Jesús
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study is to develop and validate the questionnaire of parental response to disruptive behavior (PRDB).  Parents can act proactively towards problems and their emotional repercussions, focusing on how to handle them positively, or can focus their attention on the emotional response generated by behavior problems, being overburdened by them. In order to assess the prevalent personal orientation to cope with disruption, to guide parents and to assess the effect of psychological interventions, a questionnaire such as the one proposed here is required. A total of 420 parents and their children participated in the study. The structural validity of the questionnaire was tested using confirmatory factor analysis first to compare a multifactorial model (five specific factors) with a multifactorial-hierarchical model (with two second-order factors), and second, to study the cross validity of both models. The predictive validity was tested analyzing the relationship between parents’ and children’ perceptions of family climate. Children’s perceptions were assessed with the "Questionnaire of Behavior Management Climate perceived by children." Results showed that both models had good and similar fit indices that were almost identical in the two subsamples. Besides, the correlation analysis showed that although in general the relationship between perceptions of parents and their children is in the expected direction, this does not always happen. 
Reading Profiles in Adolescents with Fragile X Syndrome and Down Syndrome
Authors: Puente Anibal , Alvarado Jesús M. , Jiménez Virginia , Martínez Lourdes
Published: July 2017

Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and Down Syndrome (DS) read better than expected for their mental age. We have measured three basic reading skills (word recognition, phonological awareness, and reading comprehension), and two standard intellectual and verbal measures: the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Tests. The tests were applied to 16 adolescents classified as FXS (M = 14.74 years old, SD = 4.03) and 16 adolescents classified as DS (M = 15.59 years old, SD = 2.35). For comparison purposes, the reading tests were also applied to a typical develop group of 70 children aged between 4.8 and 7.0 years (M = 6.11, SD = 0.71).  Children with DS and FXS exhibited verbal skills superior to their cognitive development, especially in the FXS group. In reading performance, FXS showed a reading level corresponding to 5/6 their age, and for SD 6/7 of the equivalent reading age, however, both groups exhibited a similar reading performance in the three reading skills measured, when nonverbal mental age was controlled.
La resiliencia en entrenadores de Pádel Adaptado
Authors: Ruiz Barquín Roberto , De la Vega Marcos Ricardo , De la Rocha María , Ortín Montero Francisco José
Published: July 2017

In Sport, most research on resilience is focused on athletes, with quite a low amount on coaches, especially regarding adapted sport. Therefore, the aims of this research are: to describe the resilience characteristics of Adapted paddle coaches by developing specific scales for the sample under study; to establish possible differences in the total resilience levels considering different personal and sport variables; to establish possible relationships between the resilience levels of Adapted Paddle Coaches and the age and experience variables; to compare the resilience levels within the current sample with results in previous studies; and to evaluate reliability levels obtained with the resilience scale used. The sample comprised 111 adapted paddle coaches, to whom two questionnaires were given: a sociodemographic one for adapted paddle coaches (Ruiz, 2004; Ruiz-Barquín, De la Vega, De la Rocha y Batista, 2015a) and the Spanish version of resilience (Ruiz, De la Vega, Poveda, Rosado & Serpa, 2012). The results conclude that the sample group has a large percentage of coaches with high resilience (35.10%), showing higher levels than those in previous studies, and appropriate reliability levels. The absence of significant differences, taking into account the personal and sport variables, and the implications of practices deriving from the results obtained, are discussed in the article.
La alfabetización académica de los futuros maestros. Un estudio comparativo en varias universidades españolas
Authors: Guzmán-Simón Fernando , García-Jiménez Eduardo
Published: July 2017

Los estudios sobre alfabetización en la Universidad han evidenciado una posible relación entre las prácticas de escritura y lectura de los estudiantes y su grado de alfabetización académica. Con la finalidad de comprobar dicha asociación, este estudio trata de establecer en qué medida el grado de alfabetización académica de los estudiantes universitarios puede ser explicado a partir de las prácticas escritoras y lectoras promovidas por sus docentes. El modelo de referencia sitúa la alfabetización académica variable criterio y las prácticas docentes y los discentes, como predictores. La muestra participante en el estudio está compuesta por 240 alumnos que cursan los Grados de Magisterio en Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria, pertenecientes a cuatro universidades españolas. Los estudiantes de la muestra han completado autoinformes sobre los que se han realizado diferentes análisis. Estos análisis nos han permitido describir las prácticas de alfabetización de las universidades estudiadas y determinar la posible existencia de diferencias entre ellas, atendiendo a la alfabetización académica de los estudiantes y a sus prácticas de escritura y lectura. Los datos obtenidos permiten afirmar que existen diferencias en la alfabetización de los estudiantes asociados a las prácticas escritoras y lectoras que realizan en la Universidad en respuesta a las demandas de sus profesores.
Statistical matching in practice – An application to the evaluation of the education system from PISA and TALIS
Authors: Leunda Iztueta Ixiar , Garmendia Navarro Ines , Etxeberria Murgiondo Juan
Published: July 2017

Con el nombre Statistical Matching se identifican un conjunto de técnicas que posibilitan integrar información obtenida mediante encuestas independientes con unidades muestrales distintas. El objetivo es obtener un fichero de datos sintético con información plausible para ítems provenientes de distintas fuentes. Método: El Matching parte de la existencia de variables comunes entre los ficheros, usualmente, variables sociodemográficas. Este bloque de información común se emplea para imputar los ítems específicos de las encuestas. Resultados: Explicitamos las fases principales del Statistical Matching y las aplicamos a las encuestas PISA 2012 y TALIS 2013 de España. Proporcionamos pautas para una validación de los resultados. En todas las fases se ha utilizado el software libre R. Conclusiones: La potencialidad de Statistical Matching es enorme en tanto que posibilita enlazar ficheros de origen distinto. Las técnicas de Statistical Matching son accesibles gracias al desarrollo de diversos paquetes de R. Su aplicación en Ciencias Sociales puede ser solución a multitud de problemas metodológicos y contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de la realidad social
Transforming finnish higher education: institutional mergers and conflicting academic identities
Authors: Ursin Jani
Published: July 2017

 

As in many other European countries also Finnish higher education system has witnessed several reforms over the past decade many of which originate in efforts to make more competitive and affordable higher education system. The aim of this paper is to describe the changes and institutional mergers in particular that have taken place in Finnish higher education and explore what kind of academic identities are constructed amid changes in Finnish higher education. The paper shows that the mergers followed the objectives set by the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture for the structural development of the higher education system and that the creation of a joint culture for merged institutions was important yet challenging. The paper also argues that due to these external changes in Finnish higher education there is a tendency to move from a traditional notion of an academic toward more hybrid and dynamic understanding of what it is being an academic in the 21st century.
Videojuegos, historia y patrimonio: primeros resultados de una investigación educativa evaluativa en educación secundaria
Authors: Egea Vivancos Alejandro , Arias Ferrer Laura , García López Alfonso J.
Published: July 2017

Entre las misiones de la Fundación Integra está el acelerar el proceso de implantación de la Sociedad de la Información en la Región de Murcia, por lo que focaliza una gran parte de su actividad en la generación de múltiples recursos digitales. En el marco de esta línea de actuación se desarrolló en el año 2015 el videojuego de realidad virtual “El Misterio de la Encomienda de Ricote”. Se trata de un contenido interactivo al cual se juega mediante gafas Oculus Rift. Este videojuego está dirigido principalmente a escolares de Educación Secundaria, en concreto a estudiantes de 2.º ESO a 4.º ESO, tanto por el contenido a tratar como por las dinámicas de juego diseñadas. A pesar de que son ya bastante numerosas las propuestas educativas para introducir la historia a través de los videojuegos, en raras ocasiones se procede a una evaluación educativa del videojuego. Aunque en este caso la jugabilidad del producto se demostró bastante alta en diferentes ocasiones, se hacía necesaria una reflexión sobre las ventajas didácticas que este juego podía proporcionar. La evaluación consta de una primera fase de prepilotaje para la que se ha diseñado un primer cuestionario con siete ítems que  permiten un análisis de tipo mixto, que ha sido aplicado a modo de prueba piloto en un centro de Educación Secundaria sobre una muestra de 14 individuos de 13-14 años. Gracias a este instrumento, se procura precisar cuáles de las pruebas que se desarrollan durante el juego son más eficaces para el aprendizaje. Así mismo, la evaluación se completa con un segundo instrumento que analiza el nivel de aceptación por parte de los jugadores así como su percepción sobre lo aprendido.
Inclusión de los medios tecnológicos en el Plan de Inspección de Andalucía
Authors: Romero-García Manuel Ángel , Martínez-Serrano María del Carmen
Published: July 2017

Este artículo muestra parte de la investigación conducente a elaborar una tesis doctoral sobre la supervisión de la acción tutorial y la orientación educativa por la Inspección de Educación de Andalucía y el uso de los medios tecnológicos previstos en el Plan de Inspección para el curso 2016/2017. 

La  investigación se realizó con el fin de conocer en qué medida la puesta en práctica del Plan de Actuación de la Inspección Educativa está contribuyendo a la mejora de la acción tutorial y la orientación educativa y profesional, así como cuál es el grado de inclusión de los recursos TIC en las actuaciones. Para ello se diseñó un cuestionario “ad hoc” compuesto de veintisiete ítems, dividido en tres dimensiones,  el cual fue cumplimentado por 98 miembros del Servicio de Inspección en las diferentes provincias que componen la comunidad autónoma. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten conocer que la herramienta más usada es la plataforma Séneca, seguida por la plataforma Inspectio, así como un uso minoritario de la videoconferencia.  A su vez, del análisis de los resultados se constata un nivel bajo de asesoramiento o supervisión sobre la integración de las TIC en relación con todos los agentes implicados en la acción tutorial (profesorado, orientadores de los IES y Servicios de Orientación Educativa).

 
Cursos online masivos en abierto: caso de estudio longitudinal
Authors: Bernal Gonzalez Maria Cruz , Prendes Espinosa María Paz
Published: July 2017

Este trabajo parte de una revisión teórica sobre los MOOC y sus características, además de un análisis de estadísticas recientes que muestran la relevancia del fenómeno y a la par las altas tasas de deserción que se producen. A partir de esta revisión, nuestro trabajo se centra en el análisis de un caso: el MOOC "Educación en un mundo conectado" impartido por el GITE de la Universidad de Murcia a través de la plataforma Canvas en 2015 y con 2500 usuarios inscritos. El objetivo del estudio es profundizar en las razones por las cuales los alumnos se interesan por un MOOC y analizar la experiencia de un caso de estudio longitudinal. La recogida de información se ha realizado con la técnica de encuesta a través de cuestionarios implementados en diversas fases del MOOC (inicial, de proceso y final). Aunque en este MOOC la participación ha sido alta y los índices de deserción han quedado por debajo de los habituales en los MOOC, hemos encontrado algunos aspectos del curso susceptibles de mejora, siendo sobre todo la interactividad con el profesorado la mayor debilidad encontrada por parte de los alumnos.
Efficient Search for Equivalents at Your Fingertips – The Specialized Translator’s Dream
Authors: Orozco-Jutorán Mariana
Published: July 2017

The limitations of current terminology tools for specialized translators may, to a large extent, be explained by the complexity of the search process involved in producing good quality translations in specialist domains. This paper introduces a new approach to the development of this kind of resources aimed at satisfying the specific needs of specialized translators. This change of paradigm is reflected in the development of a prototype tool designed for use in legal translation. The tool – for use in English-Spanish translations of technological law in the localization of End User License Agreements – incorporates a revised corpus, comparative law information, and a terminological database. The features and advantages of the terminological database proposed are described in detail. Focusing on the specific needs of translators of this type of texts, comments are included on the acceptability of different terminological options on the basis of comparative legal analysis in different translation scenarios. The incorporation of these comments is a distinctive feature of this new approach to the development of resources and provides a value-added service to translators. The prototype tool designed is intended to serve as a model for the future development of similar applications in any type of specialized translation, in any given field and language combination.
Du Collège Manitou de La Macaza à l’Institution Kiuna d’Odanak : la genèse des établissements postsecondaires par et pour les Premières Nations au Québec1
Authors: Dufour Emanuelle
Published: July 2017

En 1973, dans les installations de l’ancienne base miliaire de La Macaza, au Québec, ouvrait l’un des premiers établissements postsecondaires destinés aux étudiants autochtones du Canada. Si l’expérience du Collège Manitou ne dura que quelques années, elle eut pourtant un effet considérable sur la fortification d’une identification collective, sur l’essor d’un leadership et sur le processus d’autonomisation autochtones au Canada et au Québec. À travers le recensement de sources primaires et secondaires et l’apport de nouveaux témoignages d’acteurs clés, cet article propose de retracer les grandes lignes qui ont caractérisé la création, le développement puis la fermeture du Collège Manitou.
Sul proemio degli Anekdota di Procopio
Authors: Parmeggiani Giovanni
Published: July 2017

This paper offers a new analysis of the proem of Procopius’ Anekdota (I 1-10). The author discloses Procopius’ own original rework of, and polished intertextual dialogue with, Greek historians of the V and the IV century BC such as Thucydides and Theopompus (An. I 2-3 ~ Theop. FGrHist 115 T 20a and T 20a+; An. I 4-5 ~ Thuc. I 21.1), thus showing that the proem of the Anekdota is not a mere collection of topoi. While introducing the Anekdota to his readers, Procopius appears to be self-aware of the fundamental tasks of historical inquiry. He presents his work as a piece of real historical inquiry, and specifically, as an aetiological supplement to the Bella.
Olympiodor und Prokop
Authors: Stickler Timo
Published: July 2017

The article works out that the author of the Bella presents a specific sensitivity for the problems of under-age or inexperienced rulers. He includes anti-Western Roman moods in the East and anti-Eastern Roman moods in the West and addresses the interconnections between the Roman and the Barbarian world that were especially tangible in the West. These are all aspects that are also typical of the historical work of Olympiodorus of Thebes. To deduce a direct usage of the Ἱστορικοὶ λόγοι by Procopius because of this is not provable and all in all rather improbable. It is, however, possible that Procopius worked with Olympiodoric material through the use of other sources.
Morire per Megara: Pericle, Giuliano, Libanio e la maledizione di polemos
Authors: Vattuone Riccardo
Published: July 2017

Among the examples of a whole city punished for one wicked man, Libanius in Or. 16.52 quotes Achean army struck by plague because Agamennon’s sin, the terrible journey home because Ajax, the Theban’s sickness because the murder of Laius by Oedipus, and the punishment of whole Athens for the Pericles’ stubborness over Megara. Linking first time in the tradition Athenian plague of 430-29 B.C. to the Pericles’ political choices, Libanius (in many times so laudatory towards his philosophical mind), accept the «negative» tradition about the causes of the Peloponnesian War, supported by comic poetry and Plato, quite the opposite of «scientific» thucydidean thesis.
Costantino e la morte di Crispo
Authors: Zecchini Giuseppe
Published: July 2017

This paper aims to analyze again the ancient traditions about Constantine’s murder of Crispus and Fausta. As Eutropius maintains, Crispus was executed because of political reasons: in my opinion Constantine trusted Fausta’s accusations against his son as he had trusted similar accusations against her father Maximian in 310. However the official justification for the two murders was not a political, but a moral one, that is incestuous adultery, as it was usual since Augustus. Zosimos could thereafter develop his version on this «sexual» basis.
Aurelio Vittore e la tradizione pagana su Costantino
Authors: Neri Valerio
Published: July 2017

The work highlights the critical themes – common to the pagan tradition hostile to the emperor – concerning Constantine and the Costantinian dinasty that Aurelius Victor disseminates in his narration, masqueranding them skillfully within generally encomiastic contexts: the appointment of unworthy officials and excessive ambition and prodigality. Particularly interesting is the placement after Crispus’ killing of a set of antitraditionalist reforms, similar to those which Zosimus reproached to Constantine: the foundation of Constantinople and the religious and military reforms.
Tre studi sulle vite del 238 della Historia Augusta
Authors: Paschoud François
Published: July 2017

This paper focuses on the Historia Augusta and the problem of the year 238. Here we propose three studies of Quellenforschung with the analisys and a comparison with Erodian, Dexippus, Zosimus. We discuss either a thorough analysis of the problem of Nichomachus Falvianus senior and his family and identity.
Unexpected sequences and structures of mtDNA required for efficient transcription from the first heavy-strand promoter
Authors: Uchida Akira , Murugesapillai Divakaran , Kastner Markus , Wang Yao , Lodeiro Maria F , Prabhakar Shaan , Oliver Guinevere V , Arnold Jamie J , Maher L James , Williams Mark C , Cameron Craig E
Published: July 2017

Human mtDNA contains three promoters, suggesting a need for differential expression of the mitochondrial genome. Studies of mitochondrial transcription have used a reductionist approach, perhaps masking differential regulation. Here we evaluate transcription from light-strand (LSP) and heavy-strand (HSP1) promoters using templates that mimic their natural context. These studies reveal sequences upstream, hypervariable in the human population (HVR3), and downstream of the HSP1 transcription start site required for maximal yield. The carboxy-terminal tail of TFAM is essential for activation of HSP1 but not LSP. Images of the template obtained by atomic force microscopy show that TFAM creates loops in a discrete region, the formation of which correlates with activation of HSP1; looping is lost in tail-deleted TFAM. Identification of HVR3 as a transcriptional regulatory element may contribute to between-individual variability in mitochondrial gene expression. The unique requirement of HSP1 for the TFAM tail may enable its regulation by post-translational modifications.
Métodos de esterilização utilizados em salões de beleza de Salvador-BA
Authors: Moreira Ana Cristina Azevedo , Silva Fernando Lima Lima
Published: July 2017

Manicures, pedicures, podólogos e clientes podem estar expostos ao risco de contaminação por diversas doenças transmitidas por materiais não esterilizados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento sobre os métodos de esterilização utilizados em salões de beleza de Salvador-BA. Foram aplicados questionários  a 149 profissionais em 121salões. Todos os estabelecimentos possuíam aparelhos para a esterilização. 36,2% dos salões utilizavam esterilizadores ou forninhos; 34,7%, estufas de ar quente, e autoclaves, 29,1%. Observou-se grande variação na temperatura e tempo utilizados. Alguns salões não tinham termômetro na estufa e o ciclo de esterilização era interrompido durante o processo. Os resultados mostraram que, apesar dos salões possuírem aparelhos para a esterilização, a maioria dos profissionais desconheciam seu funcionamento. A possibilidade da ocorrência de infecções cruzadas pela utilização de materiais não esterilizados salientou a necessidade de cursos de treinamento destinados a esse público.
Aplicabilidade da prototipagem rápida na odontologia – uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Dutra Dasaiev Monteiro , Do Nascimento Lidiane Gonçalves , De Araújo Amanda Maria Medeiros , Bento Patrícia Meira
Published: July 2017

A prototipagem rápida é uma tecnologia de fabricação aditiva onde um modelo tridimensional é construído pela deposição de sucessivas camadas de material. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a aplicabilidade da prototipagem rápida em especialidades da odontologia. Realizou-se uma abordagem indutiva com técnica de documentação indireta. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a uma análise descritiva. Ao término da revisão, foi possível verificar que o desenvolvimento do estágio virtual ocorre a partir de softwares de modulação sólida (Computer-aided Design - CAD) ou da aquisição da imagem por scanner 3D, tomografia computadorizada ou ressonância magnética. Os processos mais usualmente aplicados são a estereolitografia, a modelagem por deposição fundida, a sinterização seletiva a laser, a impressão tridimensional, a thermojet e a polyjet. Essa técnica é utilizada na cirurgia bucomaxilofacial para o planejamento virtual de procedimentos cirúrgicos e personalização de placas de reconstrução; na implantodontia para a fabricação de biomodelos e guias cirúrgicas; na ortodontia para o diagnóstico e tratamento de caninos maxilares impactados e colagem de bráquetes; na prótese sua utilização consiste na confecção de próteses metálicas totais, próteses metalocerâmicas, coroas cerâmicas, próteses totais e próteses orbitárias, faciais e do septo nasal; e na endodontia para a documentação de casos não usuais. Conclui-se que, o crescente desenvolvimento da radiologia e imaginologia, em associação com a engenharia de softwares e processos de prototipagem rápida, tem possibilitado a introdução de procedimentos com mais segurança em odontologia e sua simplificação do ponto de vista operacional.

 
Successful management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis after relapse in childhood
Authors: Bezerra Tacíria Machado , Braga David Nascimento , Alves Thais Pinto , Lemos Daniel , Cavalcante Maria Aparecida , Castro Gloria Fernanda
Published: July 2017

Objetivo: Descrever o tratamento cirúrgico bem sucedido de um reaquilose em uma criança de nove (9) anos de idade. Relato de caso: Quando a paciente tinha três (3) anos de idade foi submetida a artroplastia do músculo temporal direito, mas apresentou uma recidiva devido à falta de colaboração durante a fisioterapia. O exame oral revelou uma grave limitação da abertura da boca (0,0 milímetros), baixo peso para a idade (19 kg-P10%), má higiene oral e dificuldades de socialização. A criança foi submetida a excisão da massa anquilótica e ressecção do côndilo (condilectomia) e reconstrução com enxerto costocondral seguido por fisioterapia pós-cirúrgico. Após 7 meses de fisioterapia especializada, a paciente apresentava uma abertura de boca de 25 mm, e aumentou de peso significativamente. Considerações finais: O acompanhamento correto da paciente foi essencial para o sucesso da intervenção cirúrgica e melhoria na qualidade de vida da criança.
Relationship between vitiligo and Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Authors: De Oliveira Andrade Luis Jesuino , Baptista Gustavo Magno , Dias Juliane Santos , Vinhaes Bittencourt Alcina Maria , França Larissa Santos
Published: July 2017

Background: Vitiligo is a multifactorial acquired depigmenting disorder, characterized by a spontaneous loss of functional melanocytes from the epidermis. Vitiligo and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) often occur in association and seem to be characterized by an autoimmune process. The vitiligo associated with HT suggests genetic homologies between them.

Objective: To identify protein sequence homology between melanocyte protein (Pmel) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), using bioinformatics tools, to propose an initial mechanism which could explain the production of cross-reacting autoantibodies to melanocyte and TPO.

Methods: We performed a comparison between Pmel and TPO amino acids (AA) sequences, available on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) in order to find local homology regions between the AA sequences.

Results: The homology sequence between the Pmel and TPO ranged from 21.0 % (19 identical residues out of 90 AA in the sequence) to 55.0% (6 identical residues out of 11 AA in the sequence). The identical alignments presented relatively high E values due to presence of short alignment.

Conclusion: Bioinformatics data suggest a possible pathological link between Pmel and TPO. Sequence homology between Pmel and TPO may present a molecular mimicry suggesting the possibility of antigen crossover between Pmel and TPO that might represent an immunological basis for vitiligo associated with HT.
O conhecimento de estudantes universitários do sexo masculino sobre o aleitamento materno e o papel do pai na amamentação
Authors: Santana Andréa Canário de , Lima Fernanda Tourinho , Santos Gilton Marques dos , Caires Marcella Guimarães de Santana , Albergaria Tatiane Falcão dos Santos , Silva Luciana Rodrigues
Published: July 2017

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes universitários do sexo masculino sobre o aleitamento materno e o papel do pai no processo da amamentação. Métodos: Abordagem quantitativa, corte transversal, mediante aplicação de um questionário a cem estudantes universitários, sexo masculino, do primeiro ano de graduação nas diversas áreas da Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador. Resultados: A média de idade dos estudantes entrevistados foi de 21,8 anos; 92,6% eram solteiros e 5,3% tinham filhos. Analisando o conhecimento sobre o aleitamento materno, 33,0% afirmaram que a amamentação deve ser iniciada na primeira hora de vida; 91,5% reconhecerem a existência de um período de amamentação exclusiva, mas apenas 51,2% responderam corretamente a duração deste período; 40,4% dos estudantes responderam que a duração do aleitamento total é de 2 anos ou mais. Em relação aos benefícios da amamentação, 55,3% desconhecem a existência de benefícios maternos, 93,6% reconhecem a existência de benefícios para a criança e 72,3% desconhecem a existência de benefícios para a família. Quanto ao papel do pai, 58,5% dos estudantes acreditam que o pai pode exercer um papel importante na amamentação; 98,9% apoiariam seus filhos no processo de amamentação. Conclusões: Os estudantes têm algum conhecimento sobre amamentação, porém não possuem aprofundamento sobre benefícios, além de poucos reconhecerem a importância do pai neste processo.
Grupo de professores: a (des)construção da queixa sobre violência e indisciplina escolar
Authors: Pereira Anderson Carvalho
Published: July 2017

Este artigo apresenta a descrição e a análise da experiência de um coordenador de grupo, cuja proposta de intervenção foi conduzir reflexões acerca da violência e da indisciplina no cotidiano escolar, a partir da base psicanalítica da Psicologia institucional de Bleger e Pichon-Rivière. Esta experiência foi realizada em cidade de médio porte do sudoeste da Bahia, ao longo de um ano em condições de acompanhamento dos períodos letivos do biênio 2013-2014 por meio de encontros semanais e/ou quinzenais, em que estiveram presentes de 7 a 10 professores, em turno alternado ao período de trabalho em sala de aula. O texto traz como resultados a problematização de sentidos evidentes atribuídos pelos membros do grupo a algumas suposições causais acerca de violência e indisciplina e que também derivaram para a questão dos “problemas de aprendizagem”, ratificando grande parte da literatura científica brasileira sobre o tema, bem como sustentando um debate sobre o lugar do Psicólogo coordenador de grupo em contexto escolar.
CLIC! E ERA UMA VEZ: NARRATIVAS VERBOVISUAIS EM HISTÓRIAS ESCRITAS POR CRIANÇAS
Authors: Araujo Liane Castro de
Published: July 2017

O artigo apresenta uma pesquisa de doutorado desenvolvida em contexto escolar, cujo objetivo foi tornar observáveis, em textos escritos por crianças, os modos de apropriação de elementos de narrativas verbovisuais – quadrinhos, mangás, desenhos animados, filmes, seriados e games – em suas histórias escritas, revelando relações intertextuais diversas e intercâmbios entre as diferentes linguagens. Nela se discutem as implicações dessas apropriações e desses modos de narrar no ensino da escrita, bem como, a possibilidade de, a um só tempo, a escola validar as apropriações e inserções de elementos de outras linguagens nas histórias escritas pelas crianças e assegurar o trabalho com a textualidade própria da escrita e com as características do texto narrativo. As marcas de tais apropriações revelaram tanto procedimentos legítimos e astutos das crianças relativos à apropriação de conteúdos, linguagens e formatos das narrativas verbovisuais de seu repertório, quanto uma maior ou menor habilidade, ainda em construção, de composição do texto escrito, na relação com gêneros realizados em linguagem verbal e visual. Reconhecendo a maleabilidade e a mutabilidade da escrita, a heterogeneidade dos textos e o hibridismo das linguagens, a pesquisa fundamenta-se na perspectiva dialógica de linguagem, de sujeito e de autoria de Bakhtin, e em uma concepção de sujeito receptor ativo dos produtos da mídia, que negocia sentidos em sua compreensão responsiva ativa.
mRNPs meet stress granules
Authors: Sheinberger Jonathan , Shav‐Tal Yaron
Published: July 2017

Stress granules are cytoplasmic structures that form in response to a variety of cellular stresses. They contain mRNAs and many proteins including numerous types of RNA‐binding proteins, and have been studied in connection to major cellular events such as protein synthesis as well as disease. Despite the well‐known fact that stress granules encapsulate mRNPs (mRNA–protein complexes), much of the research has naturally focused on the protein components of stress granules. The specific details of mRNP entry into and exit from stress granules and the functional reasons for these dynamics are not fully understood. Here, we review studies that have concentrated on the aspects of mRNP accumulation in stress granules and produced quantitative data concerning mRNP/stress granule interactions.
Sulfation of vitamin D3‐related compounds—identification and characterization of the responsible human cytosolic sulfotransferases
Authors: Kurogi Katsuhisa , Sakakibara Yoichi , Suiko Masahito , Liu Ming‐Cheh
Published: July 2017

While 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 3‐O‐sulfate is known to be present in circulation, how it is generated in the body remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate its sulfation in major human organs and to unveil the responsible cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs). Of the vitamin D3‐related compounds tested, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 and 7‐dehydrocholesterol are preferentially sulfated by human organ cytosols. Among the 13 human SULTs, SULT2A1 shows sulfating activity toward all vitamin D3‐related compounds, whereas SULT1A1 and SULT2B1a/SULT2B1b show sulfating activity exclusively for, respectively, calcitriol and 7‐dehydrocholesterol. These findings suggest that the metabolic pathway leading to the formation of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 3‐O‐sulfate may be mediated by the sulfation of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 or by the conversion of 7‐dehydrocholesterol‐3‐O‐sulfate in the skin.
On the divergence of potential and actual evapotranspiration trends: An assessment across alternate global datasets
Authors: Anabalón Alfonso , Sharma Ashish
Published: July 2017

Evapotranspiration is a key variable in hydrology, playing an important role in water and energy balance of the land surface. There has been speculation on the direction of trend in potential and actual evapotranspiration (PET and AET) resulting from rising global temperatures, in both observational and derived records representing the historical climate. In this study, PET and AET trends of eight different global model datasets where analyzed over two time periods: from 2003 to 2012 (short term) and from 1980 to 2012 (multidecadal), to identify regions where the trends coincide or differ and to study the reasons behind these changes. The short‐term analysis showed considerable uncertainty exists on the detection and direction of significant trends on both PET and AET. There was little agreement among the datasets about the direction of the global trends. The multidecadal study showed much more consistent trends throughout the datasets, particularly in relation to positive significant PET trends. During this period, the global PET mean increased 0.091 mm month−1 yr−1, while the global AET rose at 0.045 mm month−1 yr−1. Much of the opposite PET/AET trends can be attributed to changes in the precipitation. Most of the regions which present these trends are water‐limited and present strong correlations between AET and precipitation trends. Some energy‐limited regions showed an increasing gap between PET and AET, suggesting the influence of additional variables controlling AET.
Where is the magnetic energy for the expansion phase of auroral substorms accumulated? 2. The main body, not the magnetotail
Authors: Akasofu Syun‐Ichi
Published: July 2017

It is suggested that the magnetosphere tries to stabilize itself by quickly unloading the magnetic energy accumulated within its main body, when the accumulated magnetic energy exceeds a limited amount, which can be identified as the energy for the expansion phase. It is this process which manifests as the impulsive expansion phase, during which auroral arcs advance well beyond the presubstorm latitude in the midnight sector. It was shown in the previous paper that the magnetotail does not have enough magnetic energy for a medium substorm (energy 5 × 1015 J; AE = 1000 nT). In this paper, it is shown that (1) the reason of the short lifetime (1–1.5 h) of the expansion phase is due to the fact that a limited amount of magnetic energy accumulated during the growth phase is dissipated in a period similar to the duration of the growth phase (1–1.5 h); the accumulation rate is similar to the dissipation rate during the expansion phase: (2) when the main body of the magnetosphere accumulates the magnetic energy, it is inflated; β (= (nkT/B2/8π)) even at XGSM = −6 RE becomes close to 1.0 for magnetic energy (2.9 × 1014 J) which is less than the amount consumed by a medium intensity substorm. (3) As a result, the plasma sheet current and thus the magnetosphere are expected to become unstable, unloading the accumulated excess magnetic energy and resulting in current reduction and deflation. (4) The resulting deflation can cause an earthward electric field of 5–50 mV/m, which can generate Bostrom's current system, which is mainly responsible in producing various phenomena of the expansion phase. (5) The large range of substorm intensity (AE = 100–2000 nT) is likely to be due to the location where the energy is accumulated; the closer is the distance to the Earth (XGSM between −10 RE and −4 RE), the more intense the substorm intensity is.
The origin of volatiles in the Earth's mantle
Authors: Hier‐Majumder Saswata , Hirschmann Marc M.
Published: July 2017

The Earth's deep interior contains significant reservoirs of volatiles such as H, C, and N. Due to the incompatible nature of these volatile species, it has been difficult to reconcile their storage in the residual mantle immediately following crystallization of the terrestrial magma ocean (MO). As the magma ocean freezes, it is commonly assumed that very small amounts of melt are retained in the residual mantle, limiting the trapped volatile concentration in the primordial mantle. In this article, we show that inefficient melt drainage out of the freezing front can retain large amounts of volatiles hosted in the trapped melt in the residual mantle while creating a thick early atmosphere. Using a two‐phase flow model, we demonstrate that compaction within the moving freezing front is inefficient over time scales characteristic of magma ocean solidification. We employ a scaling relation between the trapped melt fraction, the rate of compaction, and the rate of freezing in our magma ocean evolution model. For cosmochemically plausible fractions of volatiles delivered during the later stages of accretion, our calculations suggest that up to 77% of total H2O and 12% of CO2 could have been trapped in the mantle during magma ocean crystallization. The assumption of a constant trapped melt fraction underestimates the mass of volatiles in the residual mantle by more than an order of magnitude.