bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI ALINEMEN VERTIKAL PADA RUAS JALAN DESA TIMBONG KECAMATAN BANGGAI TENGAH KABUPATEN BANGGAI LAUT
Authors: Indriari Susan
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted in the village of Timbong, Central Banggai District, Banggai Laut Regency, Central Sulawesi. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the suitability of vertical alignment planning based on current traffic conditions using Bina Marga guidelines No.038/TBM?1997. Based on the evaluation results with vehicle data, the ideal lane and shoulder width according to the determination of the roadway and shoulder widths is 6.0m and 1.0m. Meanwhile, the results of the evaluation of the design speed, based on the equation that has been determined for the stopping sight distance with the design speed of 28, 83m to 35.61m. and by looking at the results of the actual measurement of the width of the lane in the vertical alignment it fits even beyond the predetermined ideal width of 6.40m but does not yet have a shoulder, a slope value of 10% is not in accordance with the rules, namely a maximum of 9% but is still categorized as safe. Therefore, there must be additional traffic signs on the Timbong village road, Central Banggai District, Banggai Laut Regency because of the 10% slope, this is so that road users are more careful to anticipate accidents even though the road is still categorized as safe.
PERANCANGAN PUSAT TEKNOLOGI & INFORMASI DI KABUPATEN TOJO UNA-UNA DENGAN PENDEKATAN SMART BUILDING
Authors: Musa Lutfi Alfia S.
Published: January 2024

Information and technology center design as a place to communicate and interact with various SKPD/offices, information and technology development centers and shopping centers that aim to build social interaction between communities. The design of the information and technology center is carried out by applying the Smart Building approach. The Smart Building design concept is the utilization of natural energy and artificial energy. Energy efficiency in lighting and ventilation systems using the latest technological materials, which refer to structures, sensor systems and digitization. The design location is in Ampana City because it is the capital of the Tojo Una-una Regency, besides that it has an amazing and sustainable beach view. While the site is on Jl. Ahmad Yani, Dondo, Ampana Kota District, because it is very strategic according to the characteristics of this area. The shape of the Information and Technology Center in Tojo Una-Una Regency takes the Smart Building concept. Buildings that use smart building principles with a modern appearance are adapted to the building materials used and the responsibility of smart building materials to the local climate conditions.
KAJIAN TINGKAT PELAYANAN JALAN (LOS) AKIBAT HAMBATAN SAMPING DI JALAN UTAMA PERUMAHAN TLOGOSARI SEMARANG
Authors: Marshush Ummi
Published: January 2024

Land is an important requirement for the life of living things, especially for humans. Increasing the new land use due to resident activities will fill the empty space and shift existing activities resulting in changes in land use. Bumi Tlogosari housing is one of the housing areas in Pedurungan District, Semarang City, which has now developed into a densely populated housing area. The high population then causes an increase in activities carried out in housing. The existence of trading activities as a road side obstacle actually has an impact on the level of service (LOS). Analysis of road service levels resulted in criteria A, B and C. In the morning both roads are classified as classification A (Current Flow, Low Volume, High Speed). In the afternoon on Jalan Tlogosari 1 classified as C classification (Stable Flow, Speed influenced by traffic, Suitable Volume) and B classification (Stable Flow, Limited Speed, Suitable Volume) on Jalan Tlogosari Raya 2.
EVALUASI KINERJA LALU LINTAS: STUDI KASUS JALAN LETJEN S. PARMAN
Authors: Modanggu Irwan
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini Untuk menganalisis kinerja lalu lintas pada kondisi eksisting di Jalan Letjen S. Parman. Berdasarkan data kendaraan Volume lalu lintas maksimum atau jam puncak kepadatan kendaraan terjadi pada hari Senin pukul 15.00 – 16.00 Wita sebesar 485.6 smp/jam, sedangkan kapasitas diperoleh 2805,75 smp/jam. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa kapasitas tersebut masih lebih besar dari pada volume lalu lintas maksimum yang terjadi. perhitungan nilai kapsitas ( C = 2805,75 smp/jam) maka kemampuan untuk menampung arus atau volume lalu lintas di ruas Jl. Letjen S. Parman masih termasuk dalam kategori C, dimana kondisi arus stabil, kecepatan lalu lintas sekitar lebih besar atau kurang dari 65 km/jam, volume lalu lintas sekitar 50% dari kapasitas (1400 smp/jam/lajur). Kondisi lalu lintas, faktor ini meliputi ganguan samping dari badan jalan termasuk banyaknya kendaraan yang menunggu penumpang yang berhenti di ruas jalan tersebut, dan adanya kendaraan yang keluar masuk dari lahan parkir pertokoan yang dapat menyebabkan kemacetan.
Identification and Profiling of street samples of Mephedrone and its commonly encountered adulterants through Chromatographic techniques
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Arya Bharti
Published: January 2024

Drug abuse has become a global concern for the society. The illicit market of drugs is increasing at a faster rate thus, making it difficult for the law enforcement agencies to regulate the manufacturing and trading of these controlled substances. The drug traders/ smugglers adulterates core drug compound with other chemical moieties or adulterants to deceive regulatory and law enforcement agencies in order to enhance potency of the, to escalate it’s tempt for consumption by making it addictive or to gain commercial benefits. The purpose of this research was to quantify Mephedrone content and to check the presence of adulterants in illicit samples seized. The street samples of Mephedrone were isolated, screened and identified using GC-MS technique. Besides other consistent additives, 11 unusual novel adulterants were detected in confiscated Mephedrone samples in Madhya Pradesh region of India. The study will update forensic chemical experts in detection of new adulterants in seized drugs, besides disseminating awareness and knowledge among those concerned with drug regulation, monitoring and policy making
EFFICIENCY OF POLYMER MATERIALS IN HIGHLY LOADED SYSTEMS IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY
Authors: Ptak Anita , Leśniewski Tadeusz , Purzycki Michał , Płonka Krzysztof
Published: January 2024

The static coefficient of friction was calculated on an inclined plane tribological stand. Different specimens and masses loading the system were used during the experiment. Surface-to-surface contact was tested in a pin-on-plate setup. The tested polymer pairs were POM on POM, PA6 on PA6 and PET on PET. The variables in the experiment were different pressures acting on the friction pair, and dry and lubricated friction was tested. Static coefficients of friction for each case was calculated and the surface quality of the pin and plate was measured by profilometer and optical microscope. The coefficient of static friction was higher for lubrication friction than the dry friction. It was also observed that the coefficient of friction decreases with increased load. POM – POM pair had the lowest coefficient of friction under dry conditions, while for lubricated friction, PA6 – PA6 had the most stable increase of friction coefficient.
Morphological, teratogenic and behavioral evaluations of Gelidium spinosum methanol extract on zebrafish embryos
Authors: Warsi Warsi , Jaswir Irwandi , Ahmed Qamar Uddin , Mahfudh Nurkhasanah , bin Mohd. Nawi Mohamed Sufian , Rohman Abdul , Khatib Alfi
Published: January 2024

Gelidium spinosum is an edible red seaweed from the family Gelidiaceae with possibility to be developed. The potential medical benefits of G. spinosum have been established, yet adequate empirical research on its toxicity is still lacking. Hence, the present work was aimed to examine the toxicity of G. spinosum methanol extract (GsME) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and to identify the phytoconstituents using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Results of this study showed that GsME induced morphological defects in zebrafish embryos, including reduction in eye size and body length. Moreover, yolk sac size and mortality were increased in zebrafish embryos exposed to GsME in a dose-dependent manner. GsME at high concentrations triggered teratogenic effects in zebrafish embryos such as decrease in heartbeat/minute, lack of pigmentation, lack of somite, structural deformity, pericardial oedema, and yolk oedema. The LC50 and EC50 of GsME were < 100 mg/L, which classified as a harmful category. The teratogenic index of GsME was found to be > 1, indicating its teratogenic attribute. Additionally, GsME exerted behavioral effects i.e. significantly lower total distance of movement and slower swimming speed of zebrafish embryos. GC-MS analysis of GsME was confirmed the presence of amino acid, phenolics, carboxylic acids, reducing sugars, saturated fatty acids and brominated saturated fatty acid in the extract. It suggesting that compounds of 13-bromotetradecanoic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid containing in GsME were contributed to the toxic effects.
Scratching the tip of the iceberg: integrative taxonomy reveals 30 new species records of Microgastrinae (Braconidae) parasitoid wasps for Germany, including new Holarctic distributions
Authors: Höcherl Amelie , Shaw Mark R. , Boudreault Caroline , Rabl Dominik , Haszprunar Gerhard , Raupach Michael J. , Schmidt Stefan , Baranov Viktor , Fernández-Triana José
Published: January 2024

Substantial parts of the European and German insect fauna still remain largely unexplored, the so-called “dark taxa”. In particular, midges (Diptera) and parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) are abundant and species-rich throughout Europe, yet are often neglected in biodiversity research. One such dark taxon is Microgastrinae wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a group of parasitoids of lepidopteran caterpillars with 252 species reported in Germany so far. As part of the German Barcode of Life Project GBOL III: Dark Taxa, reverse DNA barcoding and integrative taxonomic approaches were used to shed some light on the German Fauna of Microgastrinae wasps. In our workflow, DNA barcoding was used for molecular clustering of our specimens in a first step, morphological examination of the voucher specimens in a second step, and host data compared in a third step. Here, 30 species are reported for the first time in Germany, adding more than 10% to the known German fauna. Information for four species is provided in a new Holarctic context, reporting them for the Nearctic or, respectively, Palaearctic region, and 26 additional country records are added from sequenced material available in the collections accessible to us. Molecular clusters that show signs of discrepancies are discussed. Results show that we are just scratching the tip of the iceberg of the unexplored Microgastrinae diversity in Germany.
Rigidity sensing by blood-borne leukocytes: Is it independent of internal signaling?
Authors: Sarvestami Alireza , Smith Madeline , Moorthy Arsha , Kho Patrick , Talbo Lauren , de Silva Chamaree
Published: January 2024

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that results in the formation of lipid-rich lesions and stiffening of arterial walls. An increasing body of evidence suggests that nearly all members of the leukocyte family accumulate within atherosclerosis-prone arteries and participate in various stages of disease progression. Recently, it has been proposed that progressive changes of the elastic modulus of the arterial wall during plaque development may directly influence the kinematics of leukocyte rolling. In the present study, we propose that rigidity sensing of rolling leukocytes may occur spontaneously due to the stiffness-dependent elastic instability of reversible bonds between rolling leukocytes and the arterial walls. This effect is mechanistic in nature and operates independently of cell biochemical signaling. To partially test this hypothesis, we measured the rolling velocities of functionalized microparticles, comparable in size to leukocytes, interacting with E-selectin coated substrates of controlled stiffness. The kinematic analysis of the particles' motion reveals a larger rolling velocity on softer substrates, aligning with previous reports regarding monocytes. A simple kinetic model for a cluster of reversible bonds formed between a cell and the underlying substrate demonstrates that the critical forces needed for bond disassembly decrease as substrate stiffness decreases. Consequently, bonds are more likely to break on softer substrates, resulting in enhanced cell mobility.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of Tadalafil on improving pulmonary function and asthma severity in severe asthmatic patients: a randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Borsi Seyed Hamid , Fakhr Mousavi Seyed Ali Asghar Fakhr Mousavi , Dargahi Mal-Amir Mehrdad , Tavakol Heshmatollah , Raji Hanieh
Published: January 2024

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors elevate the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which have been associated with various anti-inflammatory effects that can help alleviate asthma symptoms. This study aims to assess the impact of Tadalafil, a selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on pulmonary function in patients with asthma. This study was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial conducted in 2021 at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. The study enrolled 44 patients with severe asthma, who were divided equally into a Tadalafil group and a placebo group. The Tadalafil group received 20 mg/day of Tadalafil, while the placebo group received a placebo at the same dose. The patients' spirometry tests, asthma quality of life questionnaire, 6-minute walk distance, and quality of life were measured at the beginning of the study and one month later. The study results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the Tadalafil group and the placebo group in terms of pulmonary parameters (p>0.05). Furthermore, the scores for patients' quality of life (p=0.167) and the 6-minute walk test (p=0.148) at the end of the study did not show any statistically significant improvement compared to the placebo group. Results showed that the use of Tadalafil (20 mg) once daily for one month in patients with severe asthma did not affect clinical and laboratory outcomes.
Tailored treatment for tuberculosis in transgender individuals: a call for a patient-centered approach from a large Italian cohort
Authors: Riccardi Niccolò , Antonello Roberta Maria , Ferrarese Maurizio , Repossi Alice , Saderi Laura , Fumagalli Giovanni , Besozzi Giorgio , Sotgiu Giovanni , Codecasa Luigi
Published: January 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and management in special populations remain challenging. Data about TB and transgender individuals is scarce, and strategies aimed at reducing the TB burden in this at-risk group are needed. We conducted an observational monocentric study from a national reference center for TB, including transgender individuals with active TB in a low-TB burden country (Italy), over 34 years (1990-2023). Sixty-six transgender males and two transgender females (median age 30 years, interquartile range 26-38 years, 65 migrants) were included. Most patients (38/66, 57.6%) lived in poor social conditions. 65.2% (43/66) of patients were people living with HIV. Multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and isoniazid-resistant TB were diagnosed in five (7.6%) and three (4.5%) patients, respectively. The overall treatment success rate was 72.7% (48/66 patients), with differences observed according to social conditions. Our study highlights the need for a tailored approach to increase treatment success in this at-risk population.
Homology of transitive digraphs and discrete spaces
Authors: Muranov Yuri Vladimirovich , Jimenez Rolando Benitez
Published: January 2024

We prove that for transitive digraphs path homology, and therefore also Alexandroff homology, coincides with singular cubic homology.
Also, discrete topological spaces are defined that are natural analogues of standard topological cubes. Using them, the singular cubic
homology of discrete topological spaces is defined, and it is proved that these homology groups coincide with the Alexandroff homology groups.
Bibliography: 24 titles.
Existence of polynomial solutions of degree 4 of the Monge-Ampère equation. Large deflections of thin plates
Authors: Aminov Yuriy Akhmetovich
Published: January 2024

We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of a simplest Monge-Ampère equation, assuming that both the right-hand side and the solution are polynomials of degree 4. We give a constructive method of solution of the basic system of algebraic equations corresponding to the Monge-Ampère operator under the above conditions on the prescribed polynomial. Applications to large deflections of thin plates are presented.
Bibliography: 9 titles.
Impact of foreign direct investment on Rwandan economic growth from the period
Authors: Elie Habakurama
Published: January 2024

This study is intended to assess the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Rwandan economic growth, such determinants are gross domestic saving, population, and gross domestic product and to confirm if it has an impact on Rwandan economic growth. To achieve this study a multivariate time series analysis was used to analyze the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on economic growth.In this study, diagnostic tests and the results confirmed (proved) that the model was good and the results from the tests suggest that the variables were not seriously affected by heteroskedasticity and serial correlation problems. The results showed a long-run relationship of variables based on the results from the unit root test of residuals of variables. The results also showed that the coefficient of ECM (-1) is positive and statistically significant, leading the model to be co-integrated between their variables and errors were corrected in the long run and some of the variables were statistically significant which showed that there are short-run relationships between variables where an increase in foreign direct investment decreased economic growth holding other factors constant.
The effects of religious practices on entrepreneurship success
Authors: Maviya Arnold , Ngorora-Madzimure Grace Portia Kuda , Mapara Jacob
Published: January 2024

This article reviews literature on how religious cultural practices affect entrepreneurship success. It is informed by different religious cultural practices on entrepreneurship success. African indigenous religious practice, Islam, Hinduism and Christianity are presented as aspects of culture in this article. The influence of these religious practices was bench-marked by success factors which were recorded by various authors. The findings indicated that religious cultural practices promote success in entrepreneurship activities. All of these practices are by faith which renders it impossible to scientifically prove the claims therein. These religious practices promote some ethics an motivation within the individuals which results in the success of their entrepreneurship activities. It additionally notes that even businesses that are anchored on social intelligence as an additional asset are also generally perceived as anchored in any one or more of these faiths. The review however notes that there are some negative influences as well from some of these religious cultural practices. The paper thus concludes by proposing to the reader who is interested in venturing into free enterprise to consider these practices with care in order to get the best out of them.
Federation account allocation and economic growth in Nigeria
Authors: Ituma C.E. , Uguru L.C. , Awa F.N.
Published: January 2024

The study examined the impact of federation account allocation on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 2004 to 2021 using federal, state and local governments’ shares of the federation account to measure federation account allocation. The study employed the ordinary least square regression technique in data analysis and found that federal government share of federation revenue has a significant negative impact on economic growth in Nigeria; State government share of federation revenue has a significant positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria, while Local government share of federation revenue has no significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that all levels of government should make efforts to embark on more developmental projects such as agricultural and industrial development with their share of federation revenue so as to positively impact and enhance the growth of the economy.
The representation of Africa as a geography of disease: how the global north media reporting of the monkeypox virus reinforce stereotypes about Africa
Authors: Ngozi Iwuagwu Anastasia
Published: January 2024

This paper examines how the international media reporting on the monkeypox epidemic reinforces stereotypes about Africa and what this means for Africa in global power relations. How European and Western media depict Africa in their reporting of an epidemic creates and reinforces power dynamics and political bias along the lines of Africa being portrayed as a diseased-poor continent. The effect of these global inequalities is evident in the travel ban policies and the unequal distribution of vaccines. The concepts of hegemony, stigma, and labeling theory were used as theoretical approaches to analyze how foreign media hegemony creates and reinforces stereotypes about Africa through media reporting of an epidemic like the 2022 monkeypox virus. Online publications and tweets by Western and European media outlets were used as data to analyze foreign media hegemony while reporting the monkeypox outbreak in Europe and North America. As a counter-hegemony, African journalists reacted to foreign media agencies using African images to report disease outbreaks in the Global North. The conclusion and recommendation of this paper call for investment in African journalism to help Africa tell their own story and for African literature and researchers from Africa to contribute to global biomedical literature.
Portmanteau manifestations of -j- and -k- morphs of verb extension in Hangaza
Authors: Simon Chipanda
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the portmanteau manifestations-j- and -k-verb morphs in Hangaza language spoken in Tanzania. The study was motivated by the language’s peculiarities in its post-radical semantic elasticity; especially the way the -j- and -k- morph behave. Lexical Mapping Theory was the tool of analysis used to explain the-j- and -k- implications. The study employed a case study design and its data were collected from the Hangaza area. Focus group discussion and documentary analysis were used in the collection of data. The collected data were represented basing on the Leipzig Glossing Rules. It was found that the -j- and -k- morphs have portmanteau senses. Thus, -k- can serve as causative or a stative while -j- can serve as an applicative or a causative. That is to say, the same form can be productive or non-productive. Lexical Mapping Theory’s theoretical apparatus explain well the -j- and -k- argument structure together with their semantics. Generally, Hangaza’s lexical peculiarities, including the nature of its prosodic features, attract further investigation into the way how polymorphic morphs are ordered and the way they function.
Evaluation des structures locales de stockage des grains et des graines dans le Département des Bamboutos, Cameroun
Authors: Djoukeng Henri Grisseur , Tcheutsoa Ronis Roberto , Nono Wandji Brice Léonel , Tangka Julius Kewir
Published: January 2024

Post-harvest food losses remain a major problem in sub-Saharan Africa. A study of local storage structures aimed at carrying out a diagnostic analysis of post-harvest losses in grains and seeds in the Bamboutos department, West region, Cameroon. A questionnaire survey was carried out among 240 producers in 12 villages, spread over 3 subdivisions. Air temperature and relative humidity data were collected over 80 days at two storage stores in this study area. Twelve samples of food infested by insect were taken and deposited in the entomology laboratory of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences at Dschang University for identification. It emerges from this investigation that corn is the only grain stored by producers. Beans and peanuts are mostly stored seeds, while pistachios and soybeans are seeds stored by few farmers. Three structures are used for grain storage: granaries (86.25%), cribs (10.42%) and stores (3.33%). Among the containers, two are mainly used for seed storage: barrels (58.38%) and bags (39.25%); buckets with lids are used by a few farmers (2.36%). The storage period of corn is between 8 and 12 months. The storage period of peanuts is between 6 and 8 months and beans between 4 and 5 months. The use of chemicals, inert matter (ash) and plant substance (neem) are the three methods of protection used in Bamboutos. Bamboutos storage stores promote the development of molds and insects. Three major groups of biological agents are responsible for spoilage: insects (Callosobruchus maculatus F., Sitophilus zeamais M. and Acanthoscelides obtectus S.), rodents (Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus and Mus musculus) and molds. Insects are the pests that cause the most damage to stored products according to 55.42% of producers. According to 23.58% of producers, it is rodents and 15% molds. Farmers estimate that the damage to the stock is between 7% and 30% after destocking of maize. This damage is between 2% and 5% after removal of beans from storage and less than 3% after removal of peanuts. Farmers underestimate the damage caused by pests on corn, which is around 40% after 10 months of storage in granaries. It is therefore essential for Cameroonian farmers to master and respect the storage techniques according to the storage structures and the foodstuffs stored.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of constituents and hemi-synthetic derivatives from Senna siamea (Lam.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Caesalpiniaceae)
Authors: Nde Chedjou Isaac , Tchuenguem Roland Tchuenteu , Tchegnitegni Billy Toussie , Ngouafong Francis Tatong , Dzoyem Jean Paul , Ponou Beaudelaire Kemvoufo , Teponno Rémy Bertrand , Barboni Luciano , Tapondjou Léon Azefack
Published: January 2024

Eleven compounds (1-11) were isolated from the methanolic extract of leaves and bark of Senna siamea. Benzylation of compound 2 gave two new hemi-synthetic derivatives: 4'-O-benzylvitexin (12) and 7,4'-O-dibenzylvitexin (13). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of their spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and mass spectrometric (FAB-TOF-MS) data. The extracts, fractions, some of the isolated compounds as well as hemi-synthetic derivatives were evaluated for their antibacterial activity using broth microdilution method. They were also tested for their antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging potential and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark showed moderate activity) against E. faecalis and P. mirabilis with MIC value of 256 μg/mL. Compound 6 showed moderate activity toward P. mirabilis (MIC = 64 μg/mL). The methanolic extract from bark (EC50 = 1.58 ± 0.25) μg/mL, its ethyl acetate (EC50 = 1.12 ± 0.67) μg/mL and n-BuOH fractions (EC50 = 1.02 ± 0.87) μg/mL as well as n-BuOH fraction from leaves (EC50 = 1.24 ± 0.33) μg/mL were more active against DPPH compared to vitamin C. Compound 4 was the most active against DPPH (EC50 = 1.05 ± 0.38) μg/mL.
Etude de l’influence de prétraitement aqueux et de types de substrat sur l’aptitude germinative des graines de Stereospermum kunthianum Cham. (Bignonaceae)
Authors: Mendi Anjha Grâce , Tchimbi Beunon , Lekeufack Martin , Tiokeng Bertille , Vourchakbé Joe
Published: January 2024

L’objectif de cette étude a été la détermination des possibilités d’améliorer l’aptitude à la germination des graines de Stereospermum kunthianum. Les prétraitements aqueux par trempage des graines matures sélectionnées à l’aide du test ordinaire de viabilité, ont été faits suivant trois niveaux de températures différents (eau de robinet (Er=0°C), eau chauffée (E50° C) et eau bouillante (E100° C). Le trempage a duré 24 h pour toutes les graines. Les semis ont été effectués dans les germoirs transparents tapissés des papiers hydrophiles. Après la levée de dormance, les explants sont transplantés sur cinq substrats: terre noire (Tn), sable fin(Sf), sciure de bois(Scb), mélanges 1/1 de sciure de bois/terre noire (Scb/Tn) et de sciure de bois/sable fin (Scb/Sf)). Les résultats obtenus comparés au témoin(T0) montrent que Er et E50° C induisent une réduction remarquable du temps de latence (62h/6 jrs (T0)), du temps de germination 3jrs/ 7 jrs (T0) et améliorent significativement le taux de germination (100 %). La mauvaise orientation de la radicule et la nature chimique du substrat pourrait réduire ce taux. Les graines de S. kunthianum ont présenté un type de germination épigée. A la transplantation, les substrats mélangés 1/1 de Scb/Tn (98,789 %) et Scb/Sf (88,89 %) sont les plus performants. La conservation des graines n’a pas influencé l’aptitude à la germination de celles-ci. La domestication de S. kunthianum est donc possible par prétraitement des graines.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify ways of improving the germination capacity of Stereospermum kunthianum seeds for domestication in Chad. Aqueous pre-treatments by soaking mature seeds selected using the ordinary viability test, were carried out at three different temperatures (tap water (Er=0°C), heated (E50° C) and boiled (E100° C). Soaking lasted 24 hours for all seeds. Seedlings were sown in transparent germinators lined with hydrophilic paper. After dormancy was lifted, explants were transplanted onto five substrates: black earth (Tn), fine sand (Sf), sawdust (Scb), 1/1 mixtures of sawdust/black earth (Scb/Tn) and sawdust/fine sand (Scb/Sf). The results obtained compared with the control (T0) show that Er and E50° C induce a remarkable reduction in latency time (62h/6 days (T0)), germination time (3 days/7 days (T0)) and significantly improve germination rate (100%). Poor radicle orientation and the chemical nature of the substrate could reduce this rate. S. kunthianum seeds showed an epigeic germination pattern. On transplanting, the 1/1 mixed substrates of Scb/Tn (98.789%) and Scb/Sf (88.89%) performed best. Domestication of S. kunthianum is therefore possible through seed pre-treatment.
Editor's Note
Authors: Ossom-Batsa George
Published: January 2024

Editorial Note
Interference in drug assay by phytochemicals: An experience with colorimetric assay of amlodipine in physiological fluids
Authors: Lawal Babatunde AS , Odoala Finian K
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To investigate the potential interactions between methanol extract of Aframomum melegueta seeds (AMSE) and amlodipine (AML).

Methods: Amlodipine concentrations 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 µg/mL were assayed in vitro with or without AMSE using potassium ferricyanide/FeCl3 (FeCl3/K4(Fe(CN)6)) method. The resulting solution was wavelength-scanned in the range 380 – 950 nm and absorbance read at 393.1, 455.6 and 774.8 nm.

Results: Aframomum melegueta seeds (AMSE), when present in biological fluids and solutions of AML, interfered significantly with FeCl3/K4(Fe(CN))6. The highest interference occurred at 774.8 nm, and 50 µg/mL AMSE gave as much as 1.5 absolute unit increase in absorbance of 2.5 µg/mL when compared to its absence. Spectral scan of the sample revealed two additional peaks at 393.1 and 455.6 nm with only 0.07 and 0.16 nm unit increases in the presence of AMSE. Concentration–absorbance relationship at these two wavelengths satisfied Beer-Lambert’s law. Beyond 15 µg/mL AML at 774.8 nm, Beer-Lambert’s law was not followed.

Conclusion: This study highlights the potential interactions between components of the methanol extract of Aframomum melegueta seeds on assay methods of AML. Furthermore, reliable concentration measurements have been made at 393.1 or 455.6 nm. This should be kept in mind when carrying out drug measurements in populations where concurrent use of herbal remedies is highly probable.
Effect of piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium on respiratory function in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Suhang , Zhang Jing , Cao Jie
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of the combination of piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium on respiratory function in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: The clinical data for 151 ARDS patients admitted in Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin China from January 2020 to January 2021 were analyzed in this retrospective study. The patients were assigned to two groups based on different treatment regimens. Control group (COG) comprised 77 patients who received basic treatment (mechanical ventilation and drug treatment using oxazolidinones), while 74 patients who received basic treatment together with a combination of piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium (4 g of piperacillin and 0.5 g of sulbactam (for adults) through intravenous injection for 2 weeks continuously) were in study group (STG). Respiratory function was assessed in the two groups post-treatment using the basic dyspnea index (BDI) measurement. Mechanical ventilation time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay time and 28-day mortality rate after treatment, were also recorded.

Results: Following treatment, patients in STG had significantly higher levels of partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), significantly lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), markedly lower levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) and procalcitonin (PCT), significantly higher score on BDI scale, and overtly lower mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay time, than COG (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium combination significantly relieves clinical symptoms of ARDS such as breathlessness and chest discomfort in patients, resulting in improved respiratory function. The effectiveness of this combination makes it a potential first-line treatment for further large-scale investigation in ARDS management.
Effect of cefazolin sodium and amoxicillin sodium/clavulanate potassium on postoperative infection, pain and expression of inflammatory factors in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery
Authors: Wang Yan , Xie Fengzhu , Chen Fang , Su Wenting , Zhou Yiqun
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To investigate the comparative effect of two antibacterial treatments in orthopedic surgery.

Methods: A total of 96 patients who had undergone orthopedic surgery in Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and equally divided into two groups based on the postoperative medications administered to prevent infection. The control group was treated with amoxicillin sodium/clavulanate potassium while the study group was treated with cefazolin sodium. The incidence of postoperative infection, pain score, inflammatory factors and quality of life were determined and compared between both groups.

Results: The incidence of postoperative infection in the study group was lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). Prior to intervention, the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of the two groups were similar (p > 0.05), but decreased significantly after intervention (p < 0.05), with the score of the former after intervention lower than that of the latter (p < 0.05). Prior to intervention, the inflammatory factor levels in both groups were identical (p > 0.05); however, the levels fell significantly in both groups after intervention (p < 0.05), but the levels in the study group were lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). The quality of life scores were also higher for both groups after intervention (p < 0.05), but higher for the study group than for the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Cefazolin sodium is more effective than amoxicillin sodium/clavulanate potassium in preventing infection in orthopedic patients after orthopedic surgery. However, there is a need to extend this treatment strategy to other clinical sites in order to validate these findings.
Ficus benghalensis : A plant with potential pharmacological properties f rom tradition to pharmacy
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Mateen , Rasul Azhar , Riaz Ammara , Batool Rabia , Nageen Bushra , Adnan Muhammad , Sarfraz Iqra , Adnan Muhammad , Sadiqa Ayesha , Selamoglu Zeliha
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To undertake an overview of the potential pharmacological properties of Ficus benghalensisis.
Methods: Data were acquired from several online sources, including Scopus, Elsevier Science Direct, PubMed, and Sci-Hub, using the keywords “Ficus benghalensis”, “medicinal plants”, “anti-oxidant”, “anti-inflammatory”, and “anti-cancer”.
Results: Ficus benghalensis has valuable secondary metabolites including terpenoids, ketones, coumarins, oentacyclic, furocoumarin, flavonols, flavonoids, sterols, esters, carbohydrates, carboxylic acid, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Due to its phytochemical profile, it is regarded as a plant with potential pharmacological properties such as anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anthelmintic, and anti-angiogenic. This review highlights the phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological potential of Ficus benghalensis.
Conclusion: Ficus benghalensis has potentials for treating several ailments. However, further research, including in vivo studies and preclinical trials, is necessary to ascertain its biological and pharmacological uses accurately.
Egyptian Vulture Online Conference 2022: An overview of the outcomes and perspectives for further work
Authors: Weston Jenny , Saravia-Mullin Victoria , Nikolov Stoyan C.
Published: January 2024

This proceedings contains 65 extended abstracts of presentations from speakers representing 26 countries made at the Global Egyptian Vulture Online Conference, held from 8-9 November 2022. The proceedings is divided into eleven sections: Status in Europe; Status in Africa; Status in Asia; Status in the Middle East; Threats and Mitigation; Threats – Focus on Poisoning; Engagement with Communities and Communication Campaigns; Monitoring and Research; Innovative Techniques in Egyptian Vulture Conservation; and Round Tables. The individual abstracts cover a broad range of topics about Egyptian Vulture biology, ecology and management, including theory and survey techniques, population monitoring and modelling, case studies, different conservation concepts, and approaches in working with stakeholders. This proceedings provide scientists, conservationists and decision makers with state-of-the-art information on vulture research, conservation and awareness.
Egyptian Vulture status in Asia
Authors: Authors
Published: January 2024

Abstracts in fulltext.
Threats and Mitigation – focus on poisoning
Authors: Authors
Published: January 2024

Abstracts in fulltext.
Monitoring and Research
Authors: Authors
Published: January 2024

Abstracts in fulltext.
Offline and online energy-efficient monitoring of scattered uncertain logs using a bounding model
Authors: Ghosh Bineet , André Étienne
Published: January 2024

Monitoring the correctness of distributed cyber-physical systems is
essential. Detecting possible safety violations can be hard when some samples
are uncertain or missing. We monitor here black-box cyber-physical system, with
logs being uncertain both in the state and timestamp dimensions: that is, not
only the logged value is known with some uncertainty, but the time at which the
log was made is uncertain too. In addition, we make use of an over-approximated
yet expressive model, given by a non-linear extension of dynamical systems.
Given an offline log, our approach is able to monitor the log against safety
specifications with a limited number of false alarms. As a second contribution,
we show that our approach can be used online to minimize the number of sample
triggers, with the aim at energetic efficiency. We apply our approach to three
benchmarks, an anesthesia model, an adaptive cruise controller and an aircraft
orbiting system.
Peribahasa Tradisional Ternate Sarana Pendidikan Perdamaian: Implikasinya untuk Kurikulum Ilmu Pendidikan Bahasa dan Ilmu Sosial
Authors: Nurbaya Nurbaya
Published: January 2024

Permasalahan seperti tawuran, krisis antar agama, perceraian dan tingkat kejahatan yang tinggi banyak terjadi di Negara Indonesia khusunya diwilayah Ternate Maluku Utara. Dengan demikian, perlu dilakukan berbagai strategi dalam mengatasi hal tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi peribahasa tradisional Ternate yang memiliki nilai pendidikan perdamaian dan bagaimana implikasinya dalam kurikulum pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia dan Ilmu sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskritif kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan peribahasa tradisional Ternate yang memiliki nilai sosialisasi untuk hidup berdampingan secara damai dengan berbagai bentuk perbedaan budaya, suku dan agama. Oleh karena itu, disarankan untuk mengadaptasi peribahasa Ternate ke dalam komponen pendidikan perdamaian pada materi bahasa dan sastra Indonesia serta ilmu sosial di sekolah formal maupun informal di Maluku Utara. Bagitu juga direkomendasikan bagi perguruan tinggi yang memiliki program studi ilmu pendidikan bahasa dan sastra Indonesia maupun ilmu sosial humaniora agar memperkenalkan musik, lagu, peribahasa dan puisi tradisional ke dalam kurikulum untuk mengajarkan komponen pendidikan kewarganegaraan dan perdamaian. Hal tersebut berlaku karena Indonesia khususnya Ternate Maluku Utara adalah wilayah multi-bahasa dan multi-budaya.
Linoleic Acid and Oleic Acid as Inhibitors of Aldose Reductase: An In-Silico Approach for Diabetes Management
Authors: Muhammad Imran Qadir , Asma Mumtaz
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus is caused by the deficiency of insulin. This disease is spread worldwide. Diabetes is of two types based on age of patient. In long term diabetic patient’s various diseases occurs due to the excessive utilization of glucose by polyol pathway. First reaction of polyol pathway catalyzed by the aldose reductase enzyme. Aldose reductase can be inhibited to avoid the complications of diabetic patients. Linoleic acid is preferred as aldose reductase inhibitor because of its better drug score and interaction with the target protein.
The Role of Analytic Existential Psychotherapeutic Intervention
In Resolving Erectile Dysfunction Problems
Authors: Loredana Cornela Popescu
Published: January 2024

In a Romanian society where the complete lack of sexual education and religious constraints, in the past, have been replaced by easy access to pornography, erectile dysfunctions (ED) in youth disturb the lives of many men, increasing the level of performance anxiety, even leading to panic attacks, and preventing them from having a fulfilling existence. More than 20 years ago, specialists considered that psychogenic factors of erectile dysfunction accounted for 80% as causal determinants. Now, studies on ED have demonstrated that the most common causes are of an organic nature – namely vascular - 32%, urological - 28%, neurological - 21%, diabetes, degenerative and metabolic diseases - 19%, for age groups over 40 years. Clients are increasingly open to the idea of seeking the specialized help of a sex therapist when faced with such situations. Analytic existential psychotherapeutic intervention has proven to be effective, as will be observed in the presented case.
Construction and Application of Complex Student-Centered Teaching and Learning Method in a University General Chemistry Course
Authors: Park Hyoung Shin , Cho Hyeon Mo
Published: January 2024

In this study, we constructed and applied a complex student-centered teaching and learning method (CSCTL) that can be used in a university general chemistry course, and analyzed students' satisfaction and perceptions of it. Specifically, we aimed to construct a CSCTL that enables students to actively understand chemical concepts and phenomena, recognize the importance of quantitative thinking, take an active stance to acquire concepts and knowledge, and cultivate attitudes such as thinking for themselves, expressing their opinions, listening to their peers' opinions, and persuading their peers. Based on the theoretical considerations, we designed and applied a CSCTL, including ConcepTests, quantitative problem-solving, and peer discussion to general chemistry classes, and conducted two surveys to analyze students' satisfaction and perception. The results were analyzed in combination with the students' opinions on essay questions in a course evaluation. The results showed that, first, the CSCTL induced students' learning motivation, increased their concentration and understanding of the learning content, led to longer retention of scientific knowledge, and increased their satisfaction with learning efficiency comparing with the conventional lecture-centered teaching method. Second, the CSCTL provided students with opportunities to construct knowledge and to think logically, stimulating them to think more deeply, consider conflicting viewpoints, and continuously consider their chemistry knowledge. Third, the CSCTL provided opportunities for interactive communication, allowing members to communicate with each other and share knowledge. Fourth, despite the above positive results, we found that the students felt academic pressure in the class. The results of this study are significant in that we are suggesting the CSCTL that can be applied to a university general chemistry course, which is part of a general education in university.
Ideologia do autoritarismo militar no Brasil: a gênese no exército
Authors: Svartman Eduardo Munhoz
Published: January 2024

O artigo analisa as ideias e os espaços de produção e circulação dessas ideias que foram articuladas na ideologia que informou e legitimou o protagonismo político do Exército Brasileiro no século XX. Para tanto, discute o emprego da categoria ideologia como ferramenta analítica para a ação política sustentando que a polissemia do termo demanda uma definição articulada com o objeto investigado, uma vez que a produção de um determinado discurso ideológico deve ser investigada junto aos agentes, aos espaços e às crenças daqueles que o formulam e o empregam nas suas lutas políticas. Posteriormente, o texto aborda as ideias predominantes entre os militares do polo intervencionista-controlador do Exército e os espaços institucionais nos quais essas ideias foram articuladas e difundidas a ponto de se tornarem, não sem disputas, dominantes no meio militar durante o período abordado.