bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conjugate Interface Heat and Mass Transfer Simulation With the Lattice Boltzmann Equation Method
Authors: Li Like , Chen Chen , Mei Renwei , Klausner James F.
Published: December 2014

An interface treatment for conjugate heat and mass transfer in the lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) method is proposed based on our previously proposed second-order accurate Dirichlet and Neumann boundary schemes. The continuity of temperature (concentration) and its flux at the interface for heat (mass) transfer is intrinsically satisfied without iterative computations, and the interfacial temperature (concentration) and their fluxes are conveniently obtained from the microscopic distribution functions without finite-difference calculations. The present treatment takes into account the local geometry of the interface so that it can be directly applied to curved interface problems such as conjugate heat and mass transfer in porous media. For straight interfaces or curved interfaces with no tangential gradient, the coupling between the interfacial fluxes along the discrete lattice velocity directions is eliminated and thus the proposed interface schemes can be greatly simplified. Several numerical tests are conducted to verify the applicability and accuracy of the proposed conjugate interface treatment, including: (i) steady convection-diffusion in a channel containing two different fluids, (ii) unsteady convection-diffusion in the channel, and (iii) steady heat conduction inside a circular domain with two different solid materials. The accuracy and order-of-convergence of the simulated interior temperature (concentration) field, the interfacial temperature (concentration) and heat (mass) flux are examined in detail and compared with those obtained from the “half lattice division” treatment in the literature. The present analysis and numerical results show that the half lattice division scheme is second-order accurate only when the interface is fixed at the center of the lattice links while the present treatment preserves second-order accuracy for arbitrary link fractions. For curved interfaces, the present treatment yields second-order accurate interior and interfacial temperatures (concentrations) and first-order accurate interfacial heat (mass) flux. An increase of order-of-convergence by one degree is obtained for each of these three quantities compared with the half lattice division scheme.
Surface Accumulating E. coli in Water Flow Using a Bypass Mini-Channel Based Device
Authors: Mayeed Mohammed S. , Newaz Golam
Published: December 2014

The objective of this research is to design and optimize a bypass mini/micro-channel based surface accumulator of E. coli which could be easily integrated with an acoustic wave biosensor. A computational research has been carried out using the state of the art computational software, CFD-ACE with water as bacteria bearing fluid. E. coli bacteria have been modeled as random discrete particles tracked by solving the Lagrangian equations. The design challenges are to achieve high particle to water ratio in a bypass channel and accumulation of particles on a surface of the channel, high enough Reynolds number to avoid bacteria swimming, and various particle boundary conditions. The optimized designs have achieved accumulation concentration of more than an order of magnitude higher than the inlet concentration at a flow velocity much higher than the bacteria swimming speed under various particle-boundary interactions. A bypass channel has been used in this design to separate concentrated water-particle mixture and accumulate particles on a surface of the channel where the biosensor can be installed safely and precisely.
Non-Intrusive Optical Validation of Two-Phase Flow Regimes in a Small Diameter Tube
Authors: Sharar Darin J. , Bergles Arthur E. , Jankowski Nicholas R. , Bar-Cohen Avram
Published: December 2014

A non-intrusive optical method for two-phase flow pattern identification was developed to validate flow regime maps for two-phase adiabatic flow in a small diameter tube. Empirical measurements of film thickness have been shown to provide objective identification of the dominant two-phase flow regimes, representing a significant improvement over the traditional use of exclusively visual and verbal descriptions. Use of this technique has shown the Taitel-Dukler, Ullmann-Brauner, and Wojtan et al. phenomenological flow regime mapping methodologies to be applicable, with varying accuracy, to small diameter two-phase flow.
Falling Film Evaporation of Binary Refrigerant Mixture in Vertical Rectangular Minichannels Consisting of Serrated-Fins
Authors: Ohara Junichi , Koyama Shigeru
Published: December 2014

The characteristics of heat transfer are investigated experimentally for the vertical falling film evaporation of binary refrigerant mixture HFC134a/HCFC123 in a rectangular minichannels consisting of offset strip fins. The refrigerant liquid is uniformly supplied to the channel through a distributor. The liquid flowing down vertically is heated electrically from the rear wall of the channel and evaporated. To observe the flow patterns during the evaporation process directly, the small circular window is set at the center of every section on the front wall. The experimental parameters are as follows: the mass velocity G = 28∼70 kg/(m2s), the heat flux q = 30∼50 kW/m2 and the pressure P ≈ 100∼260 kPa. In the case of large mass velocity G ≥ 55 kg/(m2s), the value of heat transfer coefficient becomes lower with increase of mass fraction of low-boiling component HFC134a wb in the region of x ≥ 0.3. The main reason for this inclination of α is considered that shearing force acts on the liquid-vapor interface becomes smaller because of vapor velocity suppressed by higher pressure in the test evaporator in the case of larger mass fraction of low-boiling component. Additionally, mass diffusion resistances formed on each side of vapor and liquid phase along the liquid-vapor interface are considered as a possible cause of reduction in the heat transfer coefficient α with increase of mass fraction wb. In the region of x ≥ 0.8, α descend rapidly despite the difference in the value of wb. It can be attributed to dry-out state of heat transfer area.

Heat transfer coefficient derived from experiments is compared with that calculated from empirical correlation equation for heat transfer coefficient of pure refrigerant in a vertical falling film plate-fin evaporator.
Interactions Between Parallel Minichannels During Flow Boiling of R134A
Authors: Khovalyg Dolaana M. , Hrnjak Predrag S. , Baranenko Aleksandr V. , Jacobi Anthony M.
Published: December 2014

This work focuses on the study of flow boiling of R134a in 0.54 mm square parallel minichannels, with a particular focus on the transient pressure drop of individual channels and their interaction. The individual pressure drop in each passage was analyzed to establish the inter-channel relationship; additionally, the effect of heat and mass flux and the inlet vapor qualities on the flow patterns of each channel was studied based on flow visualization and pressure drop measurements. The mass flux and heat flux in the experiments were varied up to 800 kg/m2s and 10 kW/m2 respectively. The heat flux was controlled and varied independently in each channel. Results illustrate that interaction between channels exists, and the correlation degree depends on the flow boiling dynamics in each passage. The pressure drop oscillation in each channel affects the flow redistribution between channels. A channel subjected to the least heat flux tends to correlate the most with greater heated channels because of the mass flux fluctuations caused by boiling phenomena in other channels.
Electronic and optical device applications of hollow cathode plasma assisted atomic layer deposition based GaN thin films
Authors: Bolat Sami , Tekcan Burak , Ozgit-Akgun Cagla , Biyikli Necmi , Okyay Ali Kemal
Published: December 2014

Electronic and optoelectronic devices, namely, thin film transistors (TFTs) and metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) photodetectors, based on GaN films grown by hollow cathode plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (PA-ALD) are demonstrated. Resistivity of GaN thin films and metal-GaN contact resistance are investigated as a function of annealing temperature. Effect of the plasma gas and postmetallization annealing on the performances of the TFTs as well as the effect of the annealing on the performance of MSM photodetectors are studied. Dark current to voltage and responsivity behavior of MSM devices are investigated as well. TFTs with the N2/H2 PA-ALD based GaN channels are observed to have improved stability and transfer characteristics with respect to NH3 PA-ALD based transistors. Dark current of the MSM photodetectors is suppressed strongly after high-temperature annealing in N2:H2 ambient.
Atomic layer deposition of ultrathin blocking layer for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell on nanoporous substrate
Authors: Yu Wonjong , Ji Sanghoon , Cho Gu Young , Noh Seungtak , Tanveer Waqas Hassan , An Jihwan , Cha Suk Won
Published: December 2014

An ultrathin yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) blocking layer deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was utilized for improving the performance and reliability of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) supported by an anodic aluminum oxide substrate. Physical vapor-deposited YSZ and gadolinia-doped ceria (GDC) electrolyte layers were deposited by a sputtering method. The ultrathin ALD YSZ blocking layer was inserted between the YSZ and GDC sputtered layers. To investigate the effects of an inserted ultrathin ALD blocking layer, SOFCs with and without an ultrathin ALD blocking layer were electrochemically characterized. The open circuit voltage (1.14 V) of the ALD blocking-layered SOFC was visibly higher than that (1.05 V) of the other cell. Furthermore, the ALD blocking layer augmented the power density and improved the reproducibility.
Hexagonal LaLuO3 as high-κ dielectric
Authors: Schäfer Anna , Wendt Fabian , Mantl Siegfried , Hardtdegen Hilde , Mikulics Martin , Schubert Jürgen , Luysberg Martina , Besmehn Astrid , Niu Gang , Schroeder Thomas
Published: December 2014

Among the different polymorphs of LaLuO3 the hexagonal one is the least explored. Therefore, in this work, hexagonal LaLuO3 is grown and investigated in more detail. Two different growth templates are presented, offering the possibility to stabilize this hexagonal phase: Y2O3 on Si (111) and GaN on Al2O3 (0001). The LaLuO3 layers show smooth surfaces and high crystallinity for both types of templates. Spectroscopic characterization reveals a wide bandgap Eg of 5.6 eV and capacitance voltage measurements display a relative permittivity κ of 26, which makes hexagonal LaLuO3 a promising candidate as a future gate dielectric for devices based on hexagonal semiconductors such as GaN.
What to Study? That Is a Question: A Conscious Thought Analysis
Authors: Zhang James Jianhui
Published: December 2014

This lecture was intended to continue the discussions on why and how to establish a distinctive sport management discipline that was initiated by previous Earle F. Zeigler Lecture Award recipients. Through applying the dual process theory (Dijksterhuis & Nordgren, 2006), it was intended to explore the differences between tangible and intangible variables, how they have been studied as distinct perspectives, and how they can be integrated through two application examples, one on service quality of sport event operations and the other on market demand for sport events. Hopefully, this lecture would help reenergize the discussions and inquiries on this important matter. These illustrations are certainly debatable and subject to further empirical examinations.
The design and user-testing of a question prompt list for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Ahmed Rana , Raynor David K , McCaffery Kirsten J , Aslani Parisa
Published: December 2014

Objectives

This study involved the development of a question prompt list (QPL) booklet designed to facilitate communication and shared decision-making between parents/carers of children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their clinicians; and user-testing of the QPL to assess its usability.

Design

Best practice in information writing and design was used to format the QPL content into a 16-page booklet. We then applied user-testing, which uses mixed methods to assess document performance with small cohorts of participants and then improves it in an iterative process. Individual interviews assessed the ability of QPL users to locate and understand key points of information, followed by a semistructured questionnaire, to ascertain their general views about the booklet.

Setting and participants

Testing was undertaken with two cohorts of 10 parents/carers of children with ADHD (n=20); matched on age, gender and educational attainment.

Tested documents

In round 1, we tested 15 key points of information related to the QPL. Participant responses and feedback from round 1 informed a revised version of the booklet, tested in a subsequent round.

Primary outcome measure

The target was for 8/10 of the participants to be able to find and demonstrate an understanding of all key information points, in accordance with European guidelines for medicine leaflet testing.

Results

After round 1, problems related to 4/15 information points were identified (booklet purpose; preparing for appointments; asking about a second medical opinion; selecting which questions to ask). Participants also made suggestions regarding the booklet's layout and design. After round 2, all information points were located and understood by at least 8/10 participants.

Conclusions

This is the first study to have developed a usable ADHD-specific QPL for use by parents/carers of children with ADHD during clinical consultations, and the first demonstration of the utility of user-testing methods in ensuring QPL usability.
Symptomatic Thoracic Arachnoid Cyst with Coexisting Tick Paralysis: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Foster Kimberly A. , Zwagerman Nathan T. , Ricks Christian , Greene Stephanie
Published: December 2014

Tick paralysis is an uncommon phenomenon resulting from the release of a neurotoxin from the salivary glands of an engorged, gravid female tick about 5-7 days after attachment. The neurotoxin produces ascending weakness, mimicking other ascending paralytic processes. We present a case of a child presenting with weakness of the lower extremities and frequent falls who was found to have a compressive thoracic arachnoid cyst and a large distal syrinx. After surgical decompression, the patient made significant improvement in her leg strength, but quickly developed an ascending quadriparesis, followed by respiratory depression. Subsequent imaging and physical examination revealed an engorged tick embedded in her scalp. The tick was removed, and the patient made a rapid and complete clinical recovery. We present a unique case of concomitant tick paralysis and a symptomatic spinal intradural arachnoid cyst, and review the literature on tick paralysis.
Design of a Phase 2 Clinical Trial of an ASK1 Inhibitor, GS-4997, in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lin Joseph H. , Zhang Jenny J. , Lin Shao-Lee , Chertow Glenn M.
Published: December 2014

Background: Most patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) experience disease progression despite receiving standard care therapy. Oxidative stress is associated with DKD severity and risk of progression, but currently approved therapies do not directly attenuate the pathologic consequences of oxidative stress. GS-4997 is a once daily, oral molecule that inhibits Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 (ASK1), which is a key mediator of the deleterious effects of oxidative stress. Methods: We describe the rationale and design of a Phase 2 placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the effects of GS-4997 in patients with T2DM and stage 3/4 DKD receiving standard of care therapy. Approximately, 300 subjects will be randomized in a stratified manner, based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin to creatinine ratio, to one of four arms in this dose-ranging study. The primary endpoint is change in eGFR at 48 weeks, and the key secondary endpoint is change in albuminuria. Conclusion: Guided by the biology of oxidative stress signaling through ASK1, the biology of DKD pathogenesis, and solid statistical methods, the decisions made for this Phase 2 study regarding delineating study population, efficacy outcomes, treatment period and statistical methods represent innovative attempts to resolve challenges specific to DKD study design.
Interactions between Traumatic Brain Injury and Frontotemporal Degeneration
Authors: Deutsch Mariel B. , Mendez Mario F. , Teng Edmond
Published: December 2014

Background/Aims: Prior work in smaller cohorts suggests that traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be a risk factor for frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). We sought to confirm and extend these results using the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. Methods: We compared the TBI prevalence between FTD subjects and matched normal controls. Indices of cognitive, behavioral, functional, and global dementia severity were compared between FTD subjects with and without prior TBI. Results: Remote TBI with extended loss of consciousness (TBI-ext) was more common in individuals with FTD than in controls (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.004-2.778). With TBI-ext, less functional and global impairment was seen in the behavioral variant of FTD, but more behavioral pathology was seen in the semantic variant. Conclusion: TBI may increase the FTD risk and influence clinical symptomatology and severity in FTD subtypes.
The Idionomy of Natural Kinds and the Biological Concept of a Species
Authors: Stafleu M.D.
Published: December 2014

Section 1 reviews the concept of idionomy, the lawful condition for the existence of individual things or events and for their aggregates. Contrary to autonomy, idionomy is a relational concept. It refers to a specific cluster of laws, determining a subjective class of individuals besides an objective ensemble of possible variations. Section 2 summarizes various types of these idionomic clusters, to be distinguished by their primary qualification, their secondary foundation, and their tertiary disposition to be interlaced with other clusters. Section 3 investigates whether a biotic species corresponds to an idionomic cluster as described in Sections 1 and 2. I shall argue that the view of biotic species being natural kinds is not at variance with the standard theory of evolution.
Wat is Technicisme Precies?
Authors: Stellingwerff Johan
Published: December 2014

Om ons inzicht in techniek en cultuur aan te scherpen wil ik met een aantal kritische opmerkingen ingaan op het boek Geloven in wetenschap en techniek van E. Schuurman, dat verscheen als deel 15 in de christelijk wijsgerige reeks Verantwoording. Het boek behandelt de huidige cultuurproblemen, die de auteur persoonlijk raken en wel zo diep dat ik hem de vraag voorleg of ze wel juist zijn geanalyseerd.
De Wet Als Grens Tussen God En De Geschapen Werkelijkheid
Authors: Praamsma J.M.
Published: December 2014

De gedachte dat “de wet de grens vormt tussen God en de geschapen werkelijkheid” neemt een centrale plaats in in de reformatorische wijsbegeerte. Toch is de betekenis ervan allerminst evident. Hoe moeten we ons God voorstellen als verheven boven de wet, of de werkelijkheid als onderworpen aan de wet? En hoe is het dan gesteld met de relatie tussen God en werkelijkheid? Aan de hand van het werk van Helmuth Plessner wil ik duidelijk maken hoe binnen de schepping wordt geanticipeerd op de verhouding tussen God en de schepping. Ik wil langs die weg proberen de betekenis van de “wet als grens” beter te begrijpen.
FROM RUSSIA WITH LOVE (FOR PLATO): REACTIE
Authors: Bos A.P.
Published: December 2014

Dr. W. Elgersma-Helleman heeft in een uitvoerig artikel haar reflecties naar aanleiding van mijn boek Geboeid door Plato vastgelegd. Het stuk bedoelt niet een recensie van het geschrift in kwestie te leveren, maar een bijdrage te zijn aan de discussie over Plato en het christelijk platonisme, gekleurd door de ervaringen van de schrijfster in Rusland, waar zij en haar echtgenoot doceren aan de Staatsuniversiteit van Moskou. Plato en de kerkvaders verdienen het, dat ze vanuit verschillende hoeken besproken en belicht worden. Maar dr. Elgersma had misschien toch liever geheel onafhankelijk haar eigen betoog moeten opzetten. Nu lijkt ze haar gedachten te ontwikkelen naar aanleiding van het werk van een andere auteur, zonder werkelijk in te gaan op de kwesties die die auteur had aangemerkt als de voor hem centrale punten.
A new species and a new geographical record of Calyptranthes (Myrcia s.l., Myrtaceae) from Brazil
Authors: Lourenço Ana , Alves Marccus
Published: December 2014

Taxonomic studies on Calyptranthes have led to the identification and proposal of a new species, Calyptranthes serrana, endemic to the Atlantic rainforest. It is mainly characterized by its orbicular to orbicular-elliptic and coriaceous leaf blades, with abruptly acuminate apices, and 6–7 mm long buds. It is here described and illustrated, with comments concerning its distribution and habitat of occurrence. Considering the data available, the species is recognized as Endangered (EN) according to the IUCN criteria. Calyptranthes dryadica, a species previously considered as endemic to the state of São Paulo, is here registered for the state of Espírito Santo.
Lectotypification of Fimbristylis tenera (Cyperaceae)
Authors: Halder Suman , Kumar Anant , Dey Sangita , Venu Potharaju
Published: December 2014

A lectotype is designated for Fimbristylis tenera Roem. & Schult. to fix the current usage of the name.
Fast or slow food? Explaining trends in food-related time in the Netherlands, 1975–2005
Authors: Mandemakers Jornt J , Roeters Anne
Published: December 2014

The current study analysed trends in the time spent preparing and consuming food and the frequency of outsourcing (going out for dinner and take-out) in the Netherlands from 1975 to 2005. We investigated differences between trends on week and weekend days and for different socio-demographic groups. Analyses using pooled data from the Dutch Time Use Survey ( N=13,421) revealed a downward trend in minutes preparing and consuming food and an increase in outsourcing. This overall downward trend could not be accounted for by controlling for structural changes (e.g. increased labour force participation). Moreover, we found that the decrease in time was stronger for days during the week than during the weekend. And we found that the trends differed by household type and sex: e.g. for food preparation there is an overall decrease, except for men with a partner; they showed an increase in time spent preparing food.
Corporate Social Responsibility in the Russian Federation
Authors: Crotty Jo
Published: December 2014

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a concept for business from within developed, Western economies. Such economies are underpinned by functioning institutions, where compliance with regulation is assumed. Recently, however, the ability of this traditional understanding of CSR to take account of the different economic and institutional arrangements found in non-Western contexts has been challenged. It has been argued that CSR research needs to be more contextualized and that the Western interpretation and assumptions about what CSR is and how it is enacted needs to be broadened and challenged to take account of different stages of economic development. With this argument in mind, this article presents a contextualized critique of CSR undertaken in the Russian Federation. Based on a qualitative study involving managers within privatized Russian firms, this article explores the type, nature, and scope of CSR undertaken and attendant motivation of firms to engage in CSR practice. By taking account of the historical and cultural antecedents of both the Soviet Union and the post-Soviet transition period, the author reveals that while the market is driving conventional forms of CSR within some Russian firms, the historical legacy of both the Soviet Union and more recent political developments have a stronger influence on the type and nature of CSR undertaken. These findings challenge the assumptions about both the voluntary nature of CSR and the prerequisites needed for CSR to take place.
Use of medical students in a flipped classroom programme in nutrition education for fourth-grade school students
Authors: McEvoy Christian S , Cantore Kathryn M , Denlinger LeAnn N , Schleich Michele A , Stevens Nicole M , Swavely Steven C , Odom Anne A , Novick Marsha B
Published: December 2014

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a flipped classroom progamme, designed and implemented by medical students, in communicating nutrition education to fourth-grade school students aged 9–10 years and to characterise teachers’ assessments of the progamme, which was designed to minimise the burden placed on teachers.

Design:

Each student–participant served as control before and as case after exposure to the novel healthSLAM (hS) curriculum. The results on the pre-tests and post-tests were matched and compared. Teachers completed a one-time survey after observing the new curriculum.

Setting:

The study was conducted in 2013 in the fourth-grade classrooms of an elementary school in Derry Township, Pennsylvania, USA.

Methods:

The hS progamme included a web-based video that delivered nutrition education didactics and a classroom portion in which medical students guided exercises to reinforce nutrition concepts discussed in the video. A pre-test and post-test were given to students, and teachers completed a survey to determine the effects of the curriculum on nutrition knowledge, and teacher surveys were administered to assess the appropriateness and acceptability of the curriculum. In all, 166 students’ pre- and post-tests from nine different classrooms were analysed.

Results:

Significant improvements in nutrition knowledge in both median and mean test scores were found ( p < .001), and the raw pre-test and post-test score distributions were found to be homogeneous across the nine different classrooms studied. Teachers reported the new curriculum to be feasible and grade-appropriate.

Conclusion:

The hS programme, rooted in flipping pedagogy using a video didactic lecture and an activity-based classroom session to reinforce concepts, appeared to communicate nutrition information successfully and was seen as both feasible and acceptable by teachers.
Tourists’ Attitudes toward Proactive Smartphone Systems
Authors: Tussyadiah Iis P. , Wang Dan
Published: December 2014

In order to ensure the effectiveness of context-based proactive recommendations in influencing tourist behavior, it is important to understand the factors that drive tourists’ inclination to adopt push recommendations from mobile devices. A projective method was applied to tap into tourists’ opinions and feelings about their smartphones as intelligent agents, and how these influence their attitudes toward push recommendations they receive while experiencing tourist destinations. While smartphones have a mediating role in the tourism experience, a paradox exists in which tourists recognize an enhancement in certain aspects of a travel experience and a reduction in others. Confidence toward proactive recommendations is largely rooted in perceived proactiveness, autonomy, social ability and intelligence of smartphones, while perceived reactivity and control lead tourists to fear that they will lose control over their tourism experiences. Several managerial implications are provided.
Hepatitis B and C virus prevalence and association with demographics: report of population screening in Nigeria
Authors: Onyekwere Charles Asabamaka , Hameed Ladi
Published: December 2014

Hepatitis B and C remain a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide with its attendant consequences. The burden of these viral infections in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria rely on estimates based on small population studies in some select populations. We present the report of a population survey in Nigeria during the period 2010–2012. A total of 5,558 adults participated in the screening exercise. The minimum age recorded was 18 years, while the maximum age was 75 years. The mean ± S.D. was 36.07 ± 8.76 years. The prevalence of hepatitis B (HBsAg) among the adults screened was determined to be 6.7% while that of hepatitis C (HCV) was 0.9%. The peak prevalence for HBsAg carriage was in the third to fourth decade in keeping with childhood acquisition while of HCV antibody was in the sixth to seventh decade. Male gender was significantly associated with HBsAg carriage while we noted a higher prevalence in those within the lower socioeconomic status. Overall our findings suggest that hepatitis B is endemic in Nigeria, much less than previously reported, while the prevalence for HCV is low although reports of pockets of high prevalence exist in select populations (hospital patients including those living with HIV).
Dissecting negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Opportunities for translation into new treatments
Authors: Foussias George , Siddiqui Ishraq , Fervaha Gagan , Agid Ofer , Remington Gary
Published: December 2014

Among the constellation of symptoms that characterize schizophrenia, negative symptoms have emerged as a critical feature linked to the functional impairment experienced by affected individuals. Despite advances in our understanding of the role of negative symptoms in the illness, effective treatments for these debilitating symptoms have remained elusive. In this review we explore the contemporary conceptualization of negative symptoms in schizophrenia, including the identification of two key subdomains of diminished expression and amotivation, and clarifications around hedonic capacity. We then explore strategies for clinical assessments of negative symptoms, followed by findings using objective paradigms for evaluating discrete aspects of these negative symptoms in clinical populations and animal models, both for symptoms of diminished expression and within the multifaceted motivation system. We conclude with a consideration of current strategies for drug development for these negative symptoms, the role of heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of symptoms in schizophrenia and opportunities for personalized assessment and treatment approaches, as well as a commentary on current clinical drug trial design and the role of environmental opportunities for novel treatments to effect change and improve outcomes for affected individuals.
Modeling Reality
Authors: Ferrucci Patrick , Tandoc Edson C. , Duffy Margaret E.
Published: December 2014

This study investigates how reality television viewing is linked to Facebook. Utilizing a survey of 736 students in a school of journalism at a large Midwestern university, researchers examined whether viewers of different genres of reality television were more prone to problematic information sharing on Facebook. The study found that all viewers of reality were prone to problematic information sharing. However, viewers of drama-, competition-, and crime-based shows were most likely to share problematic information. These results are interpreted using social cognitive theory.
A Professor Goes to Washington
Authors: Speece Deborah L.
Published: December 2014

In this essay, I reflect on my experiences and lessons learned while serving as Commissioner of the National Center for Special Education Research, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Although I was in the grant writing business for my nearly 30 years as a professor of special education, I learned that I knew very little about the grant making business from the agency perspective and, perhaps more importantly, how funding worked. My aim in this article is to convince readers that their participation in working with funding agencies and the legislative branch of the federal government is worth their time and effort. I especially want to convince senior researchers that their expertise and eloquence is especially needed and mostly appreciated.
Moving Beyond Dwelling in Suffering
Authors: Willis Danny G. , DeSanto-Madeya Susan , Fawcett Jacqueline
Published: December 2014

The authors present an explanation of the development of a situation-specific theory of men’s healing from maltreatment during childhood. Development of the theory was guided by Rogers’ science of unitary human beings (SUHB). The four multidimensional concepts of the theory are interpreted within the context of the SUHB from themes discovered from the findings of a hermeneutic phenomenological study of men who had been exposed to childhood maltreatment, including neglect and abuse. The concepts are: moving beyond suffering, desiring release from suffering, dwelling in suffering, and experiencing wellbeing. Moving beyond suffering is the process of healing from childhood maltreatment. Desiring release from suffering is the facilitator of men’s life experiences that speeds up the rate of evolution from moving beyond suffering to experiencing healing. Dwelling in suffering is the barrier in men’s life experiences that slows down the rate of evolution from moving beyond suffering to experiencing wellbeing.
Ethics and Academic Integrity
Authors: Milton Constance L.
Published: December 2014

Academics from across the globe must navigate ever-increasing demands for research, practice, and educational productivity. With the increased demands, nurse faculty must choose value priorities and actions that reflect academic integrity. What does it mean to choose actions that reflect personal integrity in the academic arena? This article begins an important nursing philosophical and theoretical discussion that members and future members of the discipline of nursing must reflect upon and grapple with as they consider what it potentially means to act with straight thinking and integrity in academics.
Modeling and simulation of the interaction of manufacturing process and machine tool structure in flycutting machining
Authors: Chen Wanqun , Sun Yazhou , An Chenhui , Su Hao , Yang Kai , Zhang Qiang
Published: December 2014

The process machine interactions in the flycutting machining are presented by integrating the state-space method and finite element method. The prediction of the cutting force fluctuations in the machining process caused by the compliance of machine tool structure is achieved. Furthermore, the relationship between the dynamic performance of the machine tool structure and the machining speed is discussed, which has great influence on the root mean square of waviness and flatness on the machined surface. The simulation results are validated by experiments.
Dietary Self-Control Is Related to the Speed With Which Attributes of Healthfulness and Tastiness Are Processed
Authors: Sullivan Nicolette , Hutcherson Cendri , Harris Alison , Rangel Antonio
Published: December 2014

We propose that self-control failures, and variation across individuals in self-control abilities, are partly due to differences in the speed with which the decision-making circuitry processes basic attributes, such as tastiness, versus more abstract attributes, such as healthfulness. We tested these hypotheses by combining a dietary-choice task with a novel form of mouse tracking that allowed us to pinpoint when different attributes were being integrated into the choice process with temporal resolution at the millisecond level. We found that, on average, tastiness was processed about 195 ms earlier than healthfulness during the choice process. We also found that 13% to 39% of observed individual differences in self-control ability could be explained by differences in the relative speed with which tastiness and healthfulness were processed.
The Role of Ambulatory Assessment in Psychological Science
Authors: Trull Timothy J. , Ebner-Priemer Ulrich
Published: December 2014

We describe the current use and future promise of an innovative methodology, ambulatory assessment, that can be used to investigate psychological, emotional, behavioral, and biological processes of individuals in their daily lives. The term “ambulatory assessment” encompasses a wide range of methods used to study people in their natural environment, including momentary self-report, observational, and physiological methods. We emphasize applications of ambulatory assessment that integrate two or more of these methods, discuss the smartphone as a hub or access point for ambulatory assessment, and discuss future applications of ambulatory-assessment methodology to the science of psychology. We pay particular attention to the development and application of wireless body area networks that can be implemented with smartphones and wireless physiological monitoring devices, and we close by discussing future applications of this approach to matters relevant to psychological science.
Bortezomib-induced acute pancreatitis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Talamo Giampaolo , Sivik Jeffrey , Pandey Manoj K , Mir Muhammad A
Published: December 2014

Acute pancreatitis is a rare complication of chemotherapy agents. We describe the case of a patient with multiple myeloma who developed acute pancreatitis after treatment with bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of this disease. We reviewed the available medical literature on this topic, and found other seven similar cases, all after intravenous bortezomib. Our case is the first one occurring with the subcutaneous route of administration.
ADHD Dimensions and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms in Relation to Self-Report and Laboratory Measures of Neuropsychological Functioning in College Students
Authors: Jarrett Matthew A. , Rapport Hannah F. , Rondon Ana T. , Becker Stephen P.
Published: December 2014

Objective: This study examined ADHD and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms in relation to self-report and laboratory measures of neuropsychological functioning in college students. Method: College students ( N = 298, aged 17-25, 72% female) completed self-reports of ADHD, SCT, depression, sleep, functional impairment, and executive functioning (EF). Participants also completed a visual working memory task, a Stroop test, and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test–II (CPT-II). Results: ADHD inattentive and SCT symptoms were strong predictors of self-reported EF, with inattention the strongest predictor of Time Management and Motivation and SCT the strongest predictor of Self-Organization/Problem Solving. SCT (but not inattention) was associated with Emotion Regulation. No relationships were found between self-reported symptoms and laboratory task performance. Between-group analyses were largely consistent with regression analyses. Conclusion: Self-reported ADHD and SCT symptoms are strongly associated with college students’ self-reported EF, but relationships with laboratory task measures of neuropsychological functioning are limited.
High-resolution damage detection based on local signal difference coefficient model
Authors: Hua Jiadong , Lin Jing , Zeng Liang
Published: December 2014

Probability reconstruction algorithm is a new promising tomography approach for the detection and monitoring of critical areas in a structure. In this algorithm, the correlation calculation is performed by capturing interrogation signals in different conditions to generate tomographic feature (i.e. signal difference coefficient) and linking the value with the presence of the potential defect. However, the way of signal difference coefficient in depicting defect is rough to some extent. Essentially, signal difference coefficient merely suggests how close the defect is away from the sensing path. The major reason is that the global signal is directly adopted without considering local information, which is equivalent to ignoring the fact that the existence of the defect always changes local signal rather than the global one. Under this limitation, signal difference coefficient restricts the resolution of the image. A new signal-processing technique is established to exploit the interrogation signal to improve the imaging performance in this article, which extracts local Lamb wave signal, uses local signal difference coefficient as a new input feature, and then employs it in probability reconstruction algorithm for damage identification. The efficiency of the proposed method is validated by some experiments.
Team-Based Learning in a Capstone Course in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Wallace Sarah E.
Published: December 2014

Team-based learning (TBL), although found to increase student engagement and higher-level thinking, has not been examined in the field of speech-language pathology. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of integrating TBL into a capstone course in evidence-based practice (EBP). The researcher evaluated 27 students’ understanding of EBP, perceptions of how TBL influenced their learning, and confidence that they achieved course objectives. Students’ responses on individual and group assessments, an exhaustive description, and a pre/post-course survey provided evidence of their achievement of the course objectives. Student rating and ranking of course elements indicate the perceived value of group learning and assessment. In addition, students also reported increased confidence on many of the course objectives.
A FemmeNist ManiPedifesto
Authors: Lerum Kari
Published: December 2014

This is an autoethnography about the role of nail salons in relation to my own evolving feminist and femme consciousness. Through a story of desire, grief, isolation, and recuperation, I explore the ways that the development of my sexual and gender identities relies on women’s intimacy within and across lines of commodification, race, class, and sexuality. In so doing, I attempt to reconcile my desire for high femme signifiers with working-class, anti-racist, and anti-colonialist solidarity, to articulate what I term a FemmeNist consciousness.
He Never Said Anything
Authors: Phillips Glenn Allen
Published: December 2014

As gay suicide becomes more frequent, deaths of gay men (particularly young gay men) become less shocking. I believe we should still be shocked. Moreover, I believe we should be incited to speech and action. This work is the nexus of four different but interacting stories: a call for critical, qualitative researchers to promote change; a conversation about the use of poetry as critical voice; the stultifying suicide rates and stories of suicides among gay youth (10-25); and my own personal story as a largely closeted gay man. The organization of this piece includes a brief introduction of these four intersecting lines, a subsequent sequence of poetry and prose that connects them, and a final reflection on how the intersection(s) of critical inquiry and poetry should usher change.
A Potential Tsunami impact assessment of submarine landslide at Baiyun Depression in Northern South China Sea
Authors: Yongfu Sun , Bolin Huang
Published: December 2014

Background

With mature hydrocarbon industry, Northern South China Sea (NSCS) is a hot spot for future economic development. However, the local government and researchers lack of estimations about damages brought by a submarine landslide-generated tsunami. According to oceanographic surveys, eleven landslides in different scale have been discovered in Baiyun Depression of NSCS. Hence, the need to study potential tsunamis generated by submarine landslides in NSCS is urgent and necessary. This research, focused on potential threat linked to local tsunami sources, is in its early stage in China but it is of capital importance for the local people, local government and offshore economics.

Finding

Taking landslide S4 for example, the formation, spreading and run-up are predicted. As calculated, the greatest height of tsunami generated by Landslide S4 is 17.5 m, occurring near Dongsha Islands, and the greatest run-up formed on the coastal line is 5.3 m, occurring near Shanwei City; the general height of waves attacking the coastal line is no more than 1.5m, but abnormally high waves might occur in 32 regions.

Conclusions

Prediction of tsunami generated by Landslide S4 suggests that local landslides in NSCS may trigger tsunami hazards. Therefore, more efforts shall be made to investigate potential damages caused by a submarine landslide, particularly the submarine landslides at Baiyun Depression in NSCS.
Composition of the Family of Parasitoids Wasps in the Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Pádua Diego Galvão , Zampieron Sônia Lúcia Modesto , Nunes Juliano Fiorelini
Published: December 2014

This study aimed to produce an inventory of the parasitoid Hymenoptera for the Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, using the vegetation sweep method. Between September 2009 the October 2010, 6,489 exemplars were collected, belonging to eight superfamilies and 24 families. Eulophidae, Braconidae, Platygastridae, Pteromalidae and Encyrtidae were the families with the highest relative abundance, being responsible for 18.6%, 18.5%, 15.8%, 10.3%, and 9.8% the total number of collected, respectively. Nineteen families combined contributed less than 4% of the sample. The greatest diversity occurred at sample points located on the base of the Chapadão da Canastra, influenced, probably, by the phytophysiognomic gradient in this region. A similarity analysis this study with other surveys of parasitoid wasps in the Cerrado, besides a preliminary table of Pimplinae (Ichneumonidae) genus is presented.

Composição de Famílias de Vespas Parasitoides no Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra,

Minas Gerais, Brasil

Resumo. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a composição faunística de Hymenoptera parasitoide do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, utilizando o método de varredura de vegetação. Foram coletadas no período de setembro de 2009 a outubro de 2010, um total de 6.489 exemplares, pertencentes a oito superfamílias e 24 famílias. Eulophidae, Braconidae, Platygastridae, Pteromalidae, Encyrtidae foram às famílias com a maior abundância relativa, sendo responsáveis por 18,6%, 18,5%, 15,8%, 10,3% e 9,8% do número total coletado, respectivamente. Dezenove famílias combinadas tiveram abundancia menor que 4%. As maiores diversidades foram observadas nos pontos localizados na base do chapadão da Canastra, influenciadas, provavelmente, pelo gradiente fitofisionômico desta região. Uma análise de similaridade entre este estudo com outros inventários de vespas parasitoides no Cerrado, além de uma tabela preliminar de gêneros de Pimplinae (Ichneumonidae) é apresentada.
OM Forum—Operations and Finance Interactions
Authors: Birge John R.
Published: December 2014

This paper, based on my remarks at the 2013 MSOM Distinguished Fellow Award ceremony, describes my views on the interface between operations and finance and the lessons that each field can gain from considering their interactions. The key points are that, whereas operational models often avoid financial considerations such as the role of investors and other market participants, both firm and market financial activity can have a significant effect on the impact of operational decisions. Some of these considerations, such as the implications of market arbitrage, can void the relevance of operational models that ignore financial issues. The paper discusses such operational areas where financial activity has significant potential for impact on operations, as well as points where operational considerations provide new perspectives on financial decisions. In particular, I review basic concepts, provide examples, and give some empirical observations in my work about the implications of the absence of arbitrage, the differences between systematic and idiosyncratic risk, the valuation of limited production resources, and the inclusion of imperfect market assumptions.