bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID 19 and Allergy in Pediatrics
Authors:   Professor in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Ghaffari Javad
Published: December 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus and highly contagious that affects all age groups such as children. Any age, including infancy, could be affected by the pandemic. More than 210 countries have been affected by now.
Acute Appendicitis Associated With Typhoid Fever: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran., Mehrabani Sanaz
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Appendicitis could be a rare complication of Salmonella Typhi infection.  Case Presentation: we present a 13-year-old girl with typhoid fever with histology-proven acute appendicitis as a rare complication of Salmonella Typhi infection. The patient was admitted to the hospital with the chief complaints of fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting for more than one week. A brief review of relevant literature was also performed to explore more this rare cause of a common emergency surgical procedure.  Conclusions: In all cases with typhoid fever with persistent diarrhea and vomiting, localized abdominal pain, probable acute appendicitis should be considered as an important complication.
Spiritual Aspects of Breastfeeding: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Department of Neonatology, Pediatrics Infectious Diseases Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Farhadi Roya
Published: December 2020

Context: Although positive outcomes of breastfeeding on both mothers and infants are well documented, few studies have investigated the spiritual aspects of breastfeeding. This study conducted a narrative review of the research on spiritual and religious beliefs for breastfeeding. Evidence acquisition: All papers from 2000 to 2018 about the study subject were searched in the international databases. The measured outcome included different breastfeeding behaviors in mothers with different religions. Results: In this study, 69 related studies were reviewed and finally 9 articles were selected. One article was about the influence of breastfeeding on the spiritual status of mothers and 8 articles were about the effect of religious beliefs on different breastfeeding behaviors. Conclusion: The results of this review showed that spirituality can influence the management of breastfeeding behavior. More attention should be paid to spirituality interventions to acknowledge the high priority in breastfeeding because it may allow public health officials to more effectively promote breastfeeding policies.
Congenital Lacrimal Sac Fistula: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadzadeh Amiri Amir , Farrokhfar Asadollah ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Research Development Unit of Bu-Ali Sina Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Ahmadzadeh Amiri Ahmad ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Research Development Unit of Bu-Ali Sina Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Congenital lacrimal sac fistula is a rare anomaly of the lacrimal system in which, an epithelium-lined lacrimal tract is connected to the skin through a fistula. In most cases, it usually presents as an asymptomatic unilateral lesion located inferolateral to the medial canthus. Several studies reported that congenital lacrimal sac fistulas may be associated with systemic anomalies like Down syndrome, renal agenesis, etc. However, in this case, we aimed to report a patient with isolated bilateral congenital lacrimal sac fistula and its surgical management. Case presentation: A previously healthy 17 years old female presented with the complaint of intermittent watery discharge from her left eye since a few months ago. Physical examination revealed a small orifice in the skin at about 4 mm from the medial canthus on the medial side in both eyes without any signs of inflammation. Probing and irrigation in the left eye disclosed communication with the puncta and nose. Surgical repair was carried out through fistulectomy which successfully controlled the patient’s lacrimation. Conclusions: Recent advances in surgical techniques have shown better rates of success in relieving the patient’s lacrimation through fistulectomy than the simple excision methods. Our experience with the case presented here demonstrates that this lacrimal system anomaly can be treated successfully by surgical intervention.
A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab Therapy in Children With Difficult-to-treat Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran., Ravanshad Yalda , Golsorkhi Mohadeseh ,   Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Ravanshad Sahar ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Esmaeeli Mohammad ,   Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Osmani Batoul ,   Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Azarfar Anoush ,   Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Mostafavian Zahra ,   Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran., Khazaee Mahmood ,   Department of Pediatric, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran., Mehrad-Majd Hassan ,   Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Context: Different studies have been done so far on drug safety and efficacy in children with refractory nephrotic syndrome (NS). Ofatumumab might be an effective drug for this syndrome; however, the long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of ofatumumab treatment have not been comprehensively assessed.  Objectives: This study aims to perform a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of ofatumumab in children with difficult-to-treat NS. Study Selection: An electronic literature search was conducted to identify appropriate studies. The search key terms were as follows: (“nephrotic syndrome” OR “minimal change disease” OR “focal segmental glomerulosclerosis” OR “membranous”) AND (“Ofatumumab” or “CD20” or “Arzerra” or “HuMax-CD20”).  Data Extraction: Data were extracted from the articles according to the selection criteria by two independent reviewers. Results: A total of 83 potentially relevant articles were identified. Thirty-two articles were removed due to duplication. Then 26 more articles were excluded because they were book sections and review papers and therefore not relevant. Another 14 items were removed after reviewing the full text of selected papers because the topics did not fit our study subject. Finally, 11 studies were selected in our systematic review. The benchmark considered to assess the efficacy of ofatumumab in children with nephrotic syndrome in most of the studies was a complete remission rate. Conclusions: In conclusion, our systematic review showed that ofatumumab may be an effective drug in refractory NS treatment in children and could bring down the use of steroids and immunosuppressants. However, further large randomized trials are suggested.
Physical Activity and Exercise Recommendations for Children in Persian Medicine: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Tabarrai Malihe , Motaharifard Monireh Sadat ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shirbeigi Laila ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Alipour Reihane ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Paknejad Maryam Sadat ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Context: Persian Medicine (PM) scientists such as Avicenna (980‑1037 AD) believed that maintaining health without exercise is impossible. So they have written about special rules and various techniques for the exercise of different groups of people including children. This study aimed to express the PM views about the exercise in children.  Evidence Acquisition: Among the most important references of PM in children’s subjects, six books from different centuries were selected. Relevant keywords were used to extract related data. Also, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to July 2019 to find common views on physical activity and exercise in children. The extracted materials were thoroughly studied to summarize and categorize to find the main themes. Results: According to PM, exercise is a broad concept, including massage of the upper and lower limbs from the first hours of life, physical activity like crying for feeding and playing, passive movements such as cradle shaking and swinging, and proper and frequent experience of mental states and five senses such as winning/losing, enjoying, listening to music and looking at fine writings. The intensity of exercise varies in different children. Vigorous exercise in children changes the body composition, results in weakness, or impairs the growth and development. So, according to Avicenna, exercise must be planned individually.  Conclusions: It seems that the principles of PM can help design available, different, enjoyable, and user-friendly exercises for children of all ages.
The Outcome of Treatment of Femural Head Fracture: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Yeganeh Ali , Farahini Hossein ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hajializade Mikaiel ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abdollahi Kordkandi Shadi ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amiri Reza ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mahmoudi Mani ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mahdavi Seyed Mani ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Moghtadaei Mehdi ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Background: There is no concrete information about many aspects of femoral fracture, including its best management. We hypothesized that reporting the outcomes of patients managed with the same therapeutic algorithm would help the selection of best management strategies.  Objectives: In this study, we report the outcomes and complications of femoral head fracture in patients treated according to our therapeutic algorithm. Methods: In a retrospective review of a prospectively collected orthopedic database, 41 patients with femoral head fractures were evaluated. Fractures were classified by the Pipkin classification system. The clinical outcome was assessed with the Harris Hip Score (HHS). In brief, our therapeutic algorithm included conservative treatment for the congruous joint of Pipkin type I and II, total hip arthroplasty for unfixable fractures of Pipkin type III, and IV, and fixation via three approaches otherwise (Smith-Peterson, Kocher, or surgical dislocation). Results: Of 41 cases, 34 cases (82.9%) had uncomplicated outcomes. The number of associated injuries was significantly more in patients with complicated outcomes (P=0.049). Avascular necrosis was the most common complication (n=5, 12.2%). Their Mean±SD HHS was 85.1±109. Accordingly, HHS scoring had poor, fair, good and excellent results in 4 (9.8%), 6 (14.6%), 13 (31.7%), and 17 (41.5%) patients, respectively. The mean HHS score was significantly lower in patients with complicated outcomes (P=0.007). The mean HHS score was not associated with types of fracture (P=0.071).   Conclusion: The outcome of femoral head treatment was good to excellent in the majority of patients. However, patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty or had associated injuries are at higher risk of an inferior outcome.
Lever Test: Role of Its Assistance in Diagnosis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, India., Valsalam Pramod , Sha I Ibad ,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, India., Edwin Ajin ,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Published: December 2020

Background: The diagnosis of ACL tear is aided by clinical tests and imaging evaluation with MRI. The main clinical tests include Lachman, Anterior Drawer  and Pivot shift test. A newer clinical test called lever test was proposed recently with higher sensitivity compared to traditional tests. Objectives: To investigate the sensitivity, specificity and other statistical parameters of newly proposed  lever test for ACL injury along with other established tests, Lachman test, Anterior Drawer test and Pivot Shift test. Methods: 242 patients consecutive patients with a complaint of knee pain  were included in the study over a period of 4 years between ages of 18 to 50 years. They were evaluated with clinical tests Lever test, Lachman test, Anterior Drawer test and Pivot Shift test without anaesthesia and under anaesthesia. Results of diagnostic arthroscopy was taken as gold standard. Results: A total of 242 consecutive subjects were eligible during the study period, of which 182 were males while the remaining 60 were females. Compared to gold standard, without anaesthesia the lever test had a sensitivity of 85.57%, specificity of 25.00%, PPV of 82.18%, NPV of 30.00%, and accuracy of 73.55%. Similarly regarding other tests the sensitivity and specificity without anaesthesia were, Lachman test sensitivity of 93.81%, specificity of 20.83%, PPV of 82.73%, NPV of 45.45%, and accuracy of 79.34%, Anterior Drawer test sensitivity of 80.41%, specificity of 33.33%, PPV of 82.98%, NPV of 29.63%, and accuracy of 71.07%, Pivot Shift test sensitivity of 40.21%, specificity of 91.67%, PPV of 80.17%, NPV of 95.12%, and accuracy of 50.41%.  The results under anaesthesia compared to arthroscopy findings were Lever Test Lachman Anterior Drawer Pivot Shift Accuracy, % 77.69, 79.34, 71.90, 80.99 Sensitivity, % 91.75, 98.97, 93.81, 98.97, Specificity, % 20.83, 36.33, 20.83, 58.33 PPV, % 82.41, 81.36, 58.33, 87.95 NPV, % 38.46, 66.67, 39, 36.84. Conclusion:  The lever test needs to be studied extensively considering multiple variables like correlation with BMI, position of wrist, partial injuries and also interobserver variations before it gets standardized into routine examination.
Intraarticular Synovial Sarcoma Causing Chronic Wrist Pain: A Rare Case Report
Authors:   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Najdmazhar Farid , Shooshtarizadeh Tina ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sadat Kiaei Seyed Matin ,   Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Synovial Sarcoma (SS) is a rare and aggressive sarcoma that usually occurs around the knee joint; it rarely involves the hand. Joint involvement by SS is extremely rare. We report a case of wrist intraarticular SS presenting with chronic wrist pain. The patient underwent surgical excision alongside with local radiotherapy and chemotherapy. After 24 months of follow up, there was no recurrence or metastasis. Intraarticular SS should be in a differential diagnosis list of chronic wrist pain even though it is extremely rare.
The Effect of TheraBand Training on the Q Angle and Distance of Ankle Medial Malleolus in Individuals With Genu Valgum Deformity
Authors:   Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran., Bahadori Shiva , Fatahi Hooman ,   Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Brank, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran., Ahmadpoor Mansooreh ,   Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Brank, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Genu valgum deformity a common lower extremity deformity. The weakness of the lower limb muscles followed by the internal rotation of the femur and external rotation of the tibia, shift the gravitational pull to the outside of the knee. This lower limb alignment deformity could increase the distance of ankle medial malleolus and the Q angle. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of TheraBand training on the Q angle and distance of ankle medial malleolus in individuals with genu valgum deformity. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test and control group design. The study population consisted of girls in the age range of 9-13 years with genu valgum deformity. The study subjects were randomly divided into the experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group participated in TheraBand exercises for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. However, the control group received no training during this period. Before and after 8 weeks, the Q angle and distance of ankle medial malleolus were measured by goniometers and coulis, respectively. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the collected data in SPSS. The significance level was considered at 0.05.  Results: The obtained statistical results suggested that TheraBand training significantly decreased the Q angle and the distance of ankle medial malleolus in the explored subjects with genu valgum deformity (P=0.001 & P=0.04, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed in the control group.  Conclusion: The obtained data revealed that TheraBand training could improve the genu valgum position. Therefore, this training protocol could be implemented to improve the deformity in this population.
Authors: Heriansyah Pebra , Indrawanis Elfi
Published: December 2020

Anggrek Bromheadia finlaysoniana L.Miq, merupakan anggrek tanah yang populasinya terancam punah karena berbagai aktivitas manusia, maka perlu diperbanyak menggunakan kultur jaringan, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kontaminasi pada berbagai jenis ekpan dan pemberian ekstrak tomat. Perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri atas dua faktor yaitu kombinasi berbagai jenis eksplan dan ekstrak tomat yang masing-masing terdiri atas beberapa level. Perlakuan faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi eksplan yang terdiri atas 4 jenis: Biji, Daun, Batang, dan Akar yang masing-masing dikombinasikan dengan Ekstrak Tomat pada 4 level : 0, 100 g/L, 200 g/L, dan 300 g/L. Pengamatan persentase kontaminasi menunjukkan bahwa eksplan terbaik untuk perbanyak kultur jaringan anggrek Bromheadia finlaysoniana L.Miq adalah eksplan biji dan akar dengan persentase kontaminasi 36,81 % dan 37,50 %. Pengamatan untuk parameter persentase kontaminasi jamur menunjukkan bahwa eksplan secara tunggal,dengan perlakuan terbaik adalah eksplan akar dengan persentrase kontaminasi 17,36 %. Sedangkan untuk kombinasi perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada ekplan akar dan biji tanpa pemberian ektrak tomat, dengan persentase kontaminasi jamur 8,33 %. Pengamatan untuk persentase kontaminasi bakteri, perlakuan eksplan secara tunggal terbaik adalah eksplan batang, dengan persentase kontaminasi bakteri 29,17 %. Sementara untuk perlakuan kontaminasi perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada eksplan biji dan batang tanpa pemberian ekstrak tomat dengan persentase kontaminasi jamur 16,67 %.
Videojuegos y su Impacto en la Salud Mental: Estudio Experimental Sobre Exposición a Videojuegos Violentos en Estudiantes Universitarios
Authors: Padilla Rolando Manuel Reyes , Morales Felipe Del Ángel Padrón , Luévano Juan Eduardo Soto , Mercado Carlos Argelio Arévalo
Published: December 2020

Los videojuegos representan uno de los mayores fenómenos contemporáneos. Se reporta que hasta un 85% de ellos incluye alguna forma de violencia, generando una preocupación sobre el impacto negativo que pudiera llegar a tener. Esto ha dado lugar a gran número de investigaciones sobre su posible impacto, sin observarse un consenso sobre el tema. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo medir el impacto de la exposición a videojuegos violentos como uno de los factores que pueden aumentar la agresividad de las personas, mencionado por el “Catalyst Model”. Mediante la realización de un experimento controlado, los resultados sugieren que los videojuegos no fueron un factor de aumento de la agresividad. Se detectaron dos casos anómalos. En el primero, el videojuego no violento tuvo un efecto calmante a actitudes hostiles y en el otro el videojuego violento, fungió como un incrementador de actitudes agresivas.

Video games represent one of the greatest contemporary phenomena. It is reported that up to 85% of them include some form of violence, generating a concern about the negative impact that could have. This has led to a large number of research on its possible impact, without observing a consensus on the subject. The objective of this research was to measure the impact of exposure to violent video games as one of the factors that can increase the aggression of people, mentioned by the "Catalyst Model". By conducting a controlled experiment, the results suggest that video games were not a factor in increasing aggressiveness. Two anomalous cases were detected. On the first case, nonviolent videogames worked as a calming effect to hostile attitudes. On the other, they worked in a contrary way with violent videogames, acting as a catalyst of the participant's aggressive attitudes.
РОЛЬ ЦИВІЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Кропивницький Віталій Станіславович , Коваленко Віталій Володимирович
Published: December 2020

Серед загроз забезпеченню сталого розвитку в Україні не останнє місце посідають надзвичайні ситуації різного характеру у вигляді стихійних лих, техногенних катастроф, терористичних та диверсійних актів, регіональних конфліктів із застосуванням військової сили. Їх ігнорування в сучасних умовах ставить під питання не лише економічне зростання та соціальний добробут, а й забезпечення національної безпеки країни. Тому захист населення, територій, навколишнього природного середовища та майна від НС шляхом запобігання таким ситуаціям, мінімізації та ліквідації їх наслідків і надання допомоги постраждалим у мирний час та в особливий період належить до основних функцій держави і згідно із законодавством, має назву цивільного захисту. Організація цивільного захисту в Україні на всіх етапах його становлення та розвитку безпосередньо пов’язана з національною безпекою і обороною держави. Органи та підрозділи цивільного захисту віднесені до суб’єктів забезпечення національної безпеки України. У статті здійснено аналіз розвитку наукової думки щодо організації цивільного захисту як складової національної безпеки держави, дисертаційних досліджень та деяких наукових праць вітчизняних учених і фахівців з питань державного управління у сфері цивільного захисту. Розглянуто роль та місце цивільного захисту в системі забезпечення національної безпеки України. Відповідно до Закону України «Про основи національної безпеки України» органи та підрозділи цивільного захисту віднесено до суб’єктів забезпечення національної безпеки України, визначено загрози національним інтересам і національній безпеці України у сфері цивільного захисту, основні напрями державної політики з питань національної безпеки України у сфері цивільного захисту. Зосереджено увагу на особливій актуальності подальшого реформування єдиної державної системи цивільного захисту, вдосконаленні державного управління у сфері цивільного захисту за цих умов.
МЕХАНІЗМИ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ РЕАГУВАННЯМ НА НАДЗВИЧАЙНІ СИТУАЦІЇ: СУТНІСТЬ ТА ВИДИ
Authors: Мельниченко Олександр Анатолійович
Published: December 2020

Почасти ті, кого безпосередньо це стосується, неспроможні самотужки локалізувати надзвичайні ситуації та ліквідувати їхні наслідки. Саме тому всі причетні до цього процесу суб’єкти (органи державного управління, органи місцевого самоврядування, представники бізнесу) мають консолідувати свої ресурси та зусилля, аби належним чином реагувати на ймовірні та наявні надзвичайні ситуації, тим самим мінімізуючи негативні ефекти від них. Забезпечено подальший розвиток сутності поняття «надзвичайні ситуації» як повне чи часткове унеможливлення життєдіяльності на певній території чи акваторії унаслідок негативного впливу подій техногенного, природного, соціального чи військового характеру, що призводить до істотних соціальних, економічних, екологічних і політичних втрат, мінімізація яких можлива за умови належного реагування органів публічного управління. Витлумачено поняття «механізми публічного управління реагуванням на надзвичайні ситуації» як сукупність доступних способів, методів і засобів регуляторного впливу наділених владою інституцій, які їх використовуються для зменшення негативних ефектів від ймовірних і наявних надзвичайних ситуацій. Механізми публічного управління реагуванням на надзвичайні ситуації складаються з таких елементів: суб’єкти, об’єкти, функції, цілі, принципи, методи та засоби регуляторного випливу. Систематизовано види таких механізмів залежно від: рівня, способу, суб’єкту, об’єкту та цілей впливу. Своєю більшістю, означені механізми використовуються або одночасно (доповнюючи один одного), або ж послідовно (вирішуючи конкретне завдання), залежно від наявної ситуації. Окрім науково обґрунтованого методологічного (розуміння: що, коли, хто і як саме має діяти), також необхідне належне кадрове, організаційне, матеріально-технічне, правове та інформаційне забезпечення.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ВІДКРИТОСТІ ОРГАНІВ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ВЛАДИ ШЛЯХОМ ПРАКТИЧНОЇ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ЕЛЕКТРОННОГО УРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors: Алексеєва Катерина Андріївна , Грищенко Ірина Миколаївна
Published: December 2020

Удосконалення діяльності системи органів публічної влади можливе тільки у разі забезпечення постійного зростання їх інформаційної відкритості. Сучасне розвинене суспільство не може існувати без забезпечення двостороннього зв’язку між органами публічної влади з, одного боку, та громадянами і бізнесом, з іншого боку. Власне, самі органи влади зацікавлені у наявності такого взаємозв’язку, оскільки, зростає довіра до них (органів публічної влади) та, відповідно, наявна підтримка певних, навіть непопулярних, рішень з боку населення країни. Відтак, зростання інформаційної відкритості органів публічної влади є необхідною передумовою для розвитку сучасного публічного адміністрування загалом. На сьогодні підвищення інформаційної відкритості органів публічної влади варто забезпечувати шляхом впровадження системи електронного урядування.
Незважаючи на те, що дана проблема викликає зацікавленість у всьому світі, потреба у розробці конкретних підходів до її вирішення в Україні не викликає сумнівів. Підвищення інформаційної відкритості органів публічної влади шляхом впровадження системи електронного урядування є на теперішній час необхідним кроком, оскільки завдяки ньому можна покращити взаємозв’язок між органами влади та громадянами і бізнесом.
Метою статті є дослідження процесу інформаційної відкритості органів публічної влади шляхом практичної реалізації концепції електронного урядування. Для досягнення даної мети у статті виконуються такі завдання: по-перше, обґрунтовується потреба у підвищення інформаційної відкритості органів публічної влади загалом, по-друге, пропонується удосконалити інформаційну відкритість органів публічної влади шляхом практичного впровадження системи електронного урядування.
У статті наведено авторське бачення підходів до підвищення інформаційної відкритості органів публічної влади, а саме через впровадження системи електронного урядування. Зазначено, що підвищення інформаційної відкритості органів публічної влади повинно відбуватися на загальнодержавному, регіональному та місцевому рівнях.
Nadir Görülen Bir Over Tümörü: Sklerozan Stromal Tümör
Authors: HASDEMİR Seçil , ÖZ ATALAY Fatma , ATALAY Mehmet Aral
Published: December 2020

Sklerozan stromal tümör (SST) over seks kord stromal tümörleri arasında yer alan oldukça nadir görülen benign bir stromal tümördür. Bu olgu sunumunda sağ overde SST saptanan hastanın, radyolojik bulguları ve histopatolojik özellikleri literatür eşliğinde kısaca tartışılmıştır. 23 yaşında kadın hasta, pelvik ağrı şikayeti ile başvurduğu dış merkezde yapılan abdominal ultrasonografisinde sağ adnekste kistik ve solid komponenti olan kitle lezyon saptanması üzerine ileri tanı ve tedavi için hastanemiz kadın doğum polikliniğine yönlendirildi. Cinsiyet değiştirme istemi de olan hastaya yapılan laboratuvar incelemelerinde herhangi bir hormonal anormallik saptanmadı. Kitlenin frozen incelemesi sonrasında total abdominal histerektomi ve bilateral salpingoooferektomi (TAH+BSO) yapılması kararlaştırıldı. Frozen kesitlerin incelenmesi sonucu “seks kord stromal tümör” olarak değerlendirilen tümörün mikroskopik incelemesinde, kollajenöz ve ödemli hiposellüler alanlar ile hipersellüler alanların oluşturduğu psödolobüler patern, belirgin vasküler proliferasyon izlendi. Morfolojik ve immunhistokimyasal bulgular ışığında sağ overde izlenen tümör “SST” olarak tanı almıştır. Sklerozan stromal tümör olgularının büyük bir kısmı vasküler açıdan zengin solid kitle olduğundan radyolojik olarak öncelikle malign tümör olasılığı akla gelmektedir. SST’nin benign biyolojik davranışa sahip olması ve konservatif cerrahinin gerekli olduğu genç hastalarda görülmesi nedeniyle intraoperatif patolojik tanısı oldukça önemlidir.
Educando para sustentabilidade ambiental
Authors: Soares Simone Cesario , Roesler Marli Renate von Borstel
Published: December 2020

A sociedade atual precisa criar mecanismos de desenvolvimento global baseados no respeito pela natureza, nos direitos humanos universais, na justiça econômica. A sustentabilidade visa a partir de uma conformidade entre a humanidade e a natureza, relacionado ao impacto das atividades econômicas no meio ambiente e dessa relação, a busca pela qualidade de vida dessa geração, e das futuras. Este artigo busca compreender o currículo escolar da educação básica atrelada a prática do ensino para a sustentabilidade, tendo em vista o mundo atual. Objetiva-se uma reflexão a respeito do currículo escolar, tendo em vista as transformações profundas promovidas, por novos meios de produção e por novas formas de pensar o mundo e das demandas educacionais, destacando o papel da educação no contexto ambiental na busca por uma aprendizagem para a vida, ou seja, para sustentabilidade ambiental e do nosso desenvolvimento sustentável.
Anzahl der bestätigten Fälle von Virushepatitis in Brasilien zwischen 2010 und 2015
Authors: Nunes Filipe Sales , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Virale Hepatitis ist Infektionskrankheiten, die die Leber angreifen, und ihre causatous Erreger sind Viren. Diese Studie soll die Anzahl der bestätigten Fälle von Virushepatitis in Brasilien zwischen 2010 und 2015 nachweisen. Eine Suche wurde in der DATASUS-Datenbank auf der Website (http://datasus.saude.gov.br/) durchgeführt. Hepatitis stellt in Brasilien ein großes Problem der öffentlichen Gesundheit dar. Von den Infizierten besteht ein großer Teil aus männlichen Individuen, und die sichtbar geringere Nachfrage nach Gesundheitsdiensten ist ein wichtiger Faktor für diesen Befund. Hepatitis B und C sind die häufigsten bei Virushepatitis und einer der wichtigsten und beitragenden Faktoren für die Rate der infizierten Hepatitis-Viren ist ihre Koinfektion mit HIV. Labortests (Immunoassay, molekulare Tests) sollten durchgeführt werden, um Marker zu erkennen und das ätiologische Mittel zu bestimmen, das die Pathologie verursacht.
Number of cases of leprosy in Brazil from 2010 to 2015
Authors: Monteiro Lis Mayra Dantas , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Leprosy is considered an infectious disease, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae also known as Hansen’s Bacillus. In addition to being a disease with gradual evolution, leprosy depends on the relationship between the parasite and the host. The aim of this study was to show the number of leprosy cases in Brazil between 2010 and 2015 in Brazil. The research was carried out at DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br/). With the advancement of public policies, the number of cases of the disease in Brazil decreased between 2010 and 2015. It has a higher prevalence in males and the highest rate of patients is found in older age groups, that is, in adults. The disease incubation period (which can vary from 2 to 7 years). In view of this, several problems can be triggered at the individual level, such as debilitating and psychological physical disorders. With a view to reducing the number of cases of the disease in the country and making the diagnosis as early as possible, the clinical findings and tests available for this detection should be analyzed.
Vaccination coverage in adolescents in Brazil: The challenge of a giant
Authors: Fernandes Catiane Raquel Sousa , Costa Gabriela Oliveira Parentes Da , Oliveira Danielle Priscilla Sousa , Lopes Michelle Kerin , Lima Cícera Jaqueline Ferreira de , Jansen Ricardo Clayton Silva
Published: December 2020

Descriptive analytical study on scientific production on the vaccination coverage of adolescents in Brazil, using the integrative review method through research in the Pubmed Central, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences) and ADOLEC databases. The selected sample was 07 articles, which were inferred quali and quantitatively. As a conclusion, it was obtained that there is satisfactory vaccination coverage for adolescents aged 10 to 14 years and reduced percentage for adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. It is concluded that there is a gap in the CV of adolescents due to misinformation or the strategies used by the PNI (National Immunization Program), in this range are not contextualized for this public, and there is a need for deepening effective strategies for the 15 to 19 year old age group.
National panorama of niobium between 2010 and 2014
Authors: Brittes Tamires Luara de Oliveira , Araújo Franciolli da Silva Dantas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Mining is the extraction activity of a mineral good from the earth's crust. Niobium (Nb) is the element of no. 41 in the periodic table of chemical elements, such as transition metal, with its degree of hardness on the mohs scale equal to 6. The main niobium products of industrial interest are currently ferroniobium, niobium pentoxide vacuum alloys and metallic niobium. Brazil is the holder of the largest mineral reserves and leads the market when talking about Niobium, currently its reserves are estimated around 842,460.00 tons with an average content of 0.73% of Nb2O5. With the addition of new policies and contract renewals, Brazil has consolidated its position in the international market, having as main consumers the United States, Japan, Holland, China, Germany, Canada, South Korea, Russia and the United Kingdom. The rise in the price of oil in the period from 2003 to July 2008 made possible new exploration projects and the maintenance of deactivated transmission lines, which required greater production of steel pipes with resistance to heat and low temperatures, which boosted investments in new studies of the use of substances that met the demand , thus growing the internal market of Niobium.
Número de casos confirmados de hepatitis viral en Brasil entre 2010 y 2015
Authors: Nunes Filipe Sales , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

La hepatitis viral son enfermedades infecciosas que atacan el hígado, y sus agentes causales son virus. Este estudio tiene como objetivo demostrar el número de casos confirmados de hepatitis viral en Brasil entre 2010 y 2015. Se realizó una búsqueda en la base de datos DATASUS en el sitio web (http://datasus.saude.gov.br/). La hepatitis representa un gran problema de salud pública en Brasil. De los infectados, una gran parte está compuesta por individuos varones, y la demanda más baja visible de servicios de salud es un factor importante para este hallazgo. La hepatitis B y C son las más comunes entre las hepatitis virales y uno de los factores importantes y que contribuyen a la tasa de hepatitis infectada es su coinfección con el VIH. Se deben realizar pruebas de laboratorio (inmunoensayo, pruebas moleculares) para detectar marcadores y determinar el agente etiológico causante de la patología.
Número de accidentes causados por animales venenosos entre 2010 y 2014 en Brasil
Authors: Soeiro Selthon Macello Capiberibe , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Los animales venenosos son aquellos que tienen un mecanismo para inyectar veneno. Diferentes venenos o venenos pueden causar dolor, ruptura de los vasos sanguíneos, quemaduras, ampollas, edemas, lesiones necróticas, hemorragia, vómitos sanguíneos, presencia de sangre en la orina, sangrado en la nariz, sudoración intensa, presión arterial baja, hipotermia y problemas neurológicos. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar el número de accidentes causados por animales venenosos entre 2010 y 2014 en Brasil. Considerados como causas desatendidas de enfermedades, los accidentes causados por animales venenosos requieren una mayor atención de salud pública. Arañas, escorpiones y serpientes son los principales causadores de estos accidentes. Entre los niños, los niños son los más afectados, y la falta de supervisión en las actividades diarias es una de las principales causas de este problema. La producción de suero para el tratamiento de accidentes de odidisa en Brasil se acentúa, y la cantidad producida es capaz de cubrir el número total de casos en el país. Sin embargo, existe un problema con respecto a la distribución de este suero, ya que las zonas de población indígena y regiones de localidades remotas no tienen una disponibilidad adecuada, lo que permite consecuencias negativas para los individuos en cuestión, aumentando la posibilidad de muertes por este tipo de accidentes.
Quantidade de acidentes causados por animais peçonhentos entre os anos de 2010 a 2014 no Brasil
Authors: Soeiro Selthon Macello Capiberibe , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

Animais peçonhentos são aqueles que possuem um mecanismo para injetar veneno. Os diferentes venenos ou peçonhas podem causar dor, ruptura dos vasos sanguíneos, queimadura, bolhas, edemas, necrosar o ferimento, hemorragia, vomito de sangue, presença de sangue na urina, sangramento no nariz, transpiração intensa, pressão baixa, hipotermia e problemas neurológicos. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar a quantidade de acidentes causados por animais peçonhentos entre os anos de 2010 a 2014 no Brasil. Considerados como causas negligenciadas de doenças, os acidentes ocasionados por animais peçonhentos necessitam de maior atenção da saúde pública. Aranhas, escorpiões e serpentes são os principais agentes causadores desses acidentes. Entre as crianças, os meninos são os mais acometidos, sendo a falta de supervisão em atividades diárias uma das principais causas dessa problemática. A produção de soro para tratamento de acidentes ofídicos no Brasil é acentuada, sendo que a quantidade produzida é capaz de abranger a totalidade do número de casos no país. Porém, existe uma problemática em relação à distribuição desse soro, uma vez que áreas de população indígena e regiões de localidades remotas não possuem a disponibilidade adequada, possibilitando consequências negativas para os indivíduos em questão, aumentando a possibilidade de mortes por esse tipo de acidente.
TMK m. 240 HÜKMÜ UYARINCA SAĞ KALAN EŞİN KONUT VE EV EŞYASI ÜZERİNDEKİ HAKKI
Authors: ÜREM Müge
Published: December 2020

TBK m. 240 hükmü, edinilmiş mallara katılma rejiminin eşlerden birinin ölümü ile sona ermesi durumunda evlilik sonrası dayanışma, sağ kalan eşin o ana kadarki yaşam standardını devam ettirmesi, eşin mağduriyetinin önlenmesi, olağan yaşam ilişkilerini sürdürebilmesini sağlamak ve eşlerin sadece ölüm haliyle sınırlı olmak üzere konut veya ev eşyası üzerinde ayni hak talebinde bulunabilmesi amacını taşır. Kanun koyucu, sağ kalan eşe, ölen eşiyle birlikte yaşadığı konut üzerinde yaşamaya devam etme imkânını verirken konut üzerinde intifa, oturma veya haklı sebeplerin varlığı halinde mülkiyet hakkının tesisini talep hakkı tanımıştır; bununla birlikte ev eşyası üzerinde ise sağ kalan eşe tanınan hak, sadece mülkiyet hakkının tesisini talep hakkından ibarettir. Çalışmada sağ kalan eşin konut ve ev eşyası üzerindeki hakkı, hakkın hukuki niteliği, şekli, muhatabı, zamanaşımı süresi, ileri sürülebilme şartları ile eşya hukukuna ilişkin sonuçlar incelenecek olup, TBK m. 240 hükmü ile benzer bir hüküm olarak miras hukukuna ilişkin TMK m. 652 hükmü, çalışma kapsamına dahil edilmemiştir.
Formulation of the pextension finite elements for the solution of normal contact problems
Authors: Páczelt István , Baksa Attila , Szabó Tamás
Published: December 2020

This work deals with normal contact problems. After a wide literature review, we look for the possibility of achieving a high-precision solution using the principle of minimum potential energy and the Hellinger-Reissner variational principle with penalty and augmented Lagrangian techniques. By positioning of the border of the contact elements, the whole surfaces of the eligible elements fall in contact or in gap regions. This reduces the error of the singularity in the border of the contact domain. Computations with $h$-, $p$- and $rp$-versions are performed. For the $rp$-version, the pre-fixed number of finite elements are moved so that small elements are placed in one or two element layers at the ends of the contact zone. A number of diagrams and tables showing the convergence of the solution (by increasing the number of polynomial degrees p) demonstrate the high efficiency of the proposed solution procedure.
Komunikacja z klientem na Twitterze – analiza wybranych aktów mowy w interakcji handlowej online
Authors: Tereszkiewicz Anna
Published: December 2020

Celem analizy było zbadanie wybranych aktów mowy występujących w interakcji o charakterze handlowym na profilach firm Allegro, T-Mobile oraz Samsung. Wśród omawianych aktów są m.in. akty pozytywnego wartościowania odbiorcy, życzenia, żarty, akty próśb i zaleceń, a także akty niezgody, krytyki klienta czy podkreślania własnej wartości. Wskazano także na cechy językowe postów, takie jak potoczność i stosowanie zapożyczeń.
Zagrożenia etyczne i korupcyjne w mediach
Authors: Nowakowski Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

Etyka dziennikarstwa to nie tylko problemem dziennikarzy, ponieważ jakość ich pracy tworzy jakość społeczeństwa. Jednak media i dziennikarze nie są odporni na nieetyczne praktyki. Tego typu nierzadkie relacje są nazywane ciemną stroną dziennikarstwa. Społeczeństwo oczekuje od dziennikarzy czegoś więcej niż tylko wiedzy zawodowej i sprawności technicznej. Nie sprzyja temu zaangażowanie mediów i dziennikarzy w nieetyczne praktyki zawodowe, w tym – w korupcję, czemu został poświęcony ten artykuł.
Procedura zarządzania w kryzysie wizerunkowym w mediach – przeciwdziałanie, reagowanie oraz odzyskiwanie utraconych korzyści
Authors: Tworzydło Dariusz
Published: December 2020

Artykuł zawiera omówienie procedury zarządzania w sytuacjach kryzysowych. Są w nim prezentowane trzy kluczowe etapy tego procesu, a w tym: przeciwdziałanie sytuacjom kryzysowym; reagowanie w trakcie, gdy kryzys zaistnieje; działania po kryzysie. Omówiono przykład kryzysu z uwzględnieniem jego medialnych skutków oraz przedstawiono działania, które przyczyniły się do zmniejszenia negatywnych następstw kryzysu.
Pharmacognostic Study and Antioxidant Activity of Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) leaves from Banua Botanical Gardens of South Kalimantan
Authors: Sutomo Sutomo , Kamali Dina Noor , Arnida Arnida , Normaidah Normaidah , Sriyono Agung
Published: December 2020

Mundar (Garcinia forbesii King.) is a plant from South Kalimantan. This plant has chemical contents that have potential as medicine. The purpose of this study is to provide a pharmacognostic picture of a specific, nonspecific and determine the antioxidant activity of G. forbesii leaves. Specific parameters include organoleptic, microscopic testing, thin-layer chromatography profiles, and phytochemical screening. Nonspecific parameters include total ash content, acid insoluble ash content, drying loss, water-soluble extract content, and ethanol-soluble extract content. Antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method based on IC50 values. Specific parameter test results are green powder, characteristic odor, and sour taste. Microscopic tests showed stomata, upper epidermis, lower epidermis, cell walls, xylem, phloem, palisade tissue, spongy tissue, and cuticles. Garcinia forbesii leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and steroids. The TLC profile showed good separation of polar eluents, and yellow spots appeared after spraying DPPH reagents. The non-specific parameter test is the total ash content of 6.52�0.1%; acid insoluble ash content 1.06�0.08%; drying shrinkage 6.43�0.38%; water-soluble extracts 34.3�0.3%; and ethanol-soluble extracts 23.47�0.35%. Ethanol extract of G. forbesii leaves has antioxidant activity with IC50 of 65.7 ppm. Pharmacognostic study fulfills the requirements, and G. forbesii leaves extract has strong antioxidant activity.