Pandemi COVID-19: Perubahan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat Di Tatanan Rumah Tangga?
Authors: Rohayati Rohayati , Surtimanah Tuti 
Published: May 2023

Pandemi COVID-19: Perubahan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Sehat Di Tatanan Rumah Tangga?

COVID-19 Pandemic: Changes in Clean and Healthy Behavior in the Household Setting

Abstrak

Program Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) bertujuan memberdayakan anggota rumah tangga untuk tahu, mau, dan mampu menjalankan perilaku kehidupan bersih dan sehat serta aktif berperan di masyarakat. Capaian PHBS tatanan rumah tangga sebelum pandemi masih rendah, apakah selama pandemi COVID-19 capaian PHBS berubah? Tujuan penelitian mengetahui perbedaan capaian PHBS tatanan rumah tangga sebelum pandemi (2019) dengan saat pandemi COVID-19 (2021). Desain penelitian deskriptif komparatif, membandingkan capaian PHBS rumah tangga 2019 dengan 2021. Data sekunder hasil pendataan PHBS merupakan sumber data, di ektraksi menggunakan tabel. Analisis berupa tabel distribusi frekuensi dan uji beda dependen. Populasi penelitian seluruh Rukun Warga (RW) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cikalapa dengan sampel total (56 RW). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan signifikan berupa kenaikan capaian PHBS di tatanan rumah tangga sebesar 11,42% (dari 54,28% menjadi 65,7%). Indikator perilaku naik signifikan menjadi 100% yaitu indikator penggunaan air bersih, cuci tangan pakai sabun menggunakan air mengalir, penggunaan jamban sehat, memberantas jentik nyamuk di rumah, makan sayur dan buah setiap hari. Indikator tidak merokok di dalam rumah naik signifikan menjadi 66,41%. Indikator lainnya tidak berbeda signifikan, namun sudah berada dalam capaian di atas 85%.  Edukasi perilaku sehat termasuk protokol kesehatan mencegah COVID-19 perlu dilakukan berkelanjutan kepada masyarakat. Penelaahan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kenaikan capaian PHBS rumah tangga di saat pendemi perlu ditelaah lebih lanjut.

Kata kunci: indikator, pandemi, perilaku hidup bersih sehat, perubahan

 

Abstract

The Clean and Healthy Life Behavior Program (CHLB Program) aims to empower household members to know, want, and be able to carry out clean and healthy life behaviors and play an active role in society. The achievement of CHLB in the household before the pandemic COVID-19 was still low, did the CHLB achievement change during the pandemic? The purpose of the study was to find out the difference in the achievement of CHLB in household arrangements before the pandemic (2019) and during the pandemic (2021). Comparative descriptive research design, comparing 2019 and 2021 household CHLB achievements. Secondary data from CHLB data collection is a data source, extracted using tables. The analysis is in the form of a frequency distribution table and a dependent difference test. The research population was all Citizens Association (Rukun Warga) in the working area of ​​Cikalapa Health Center with a total sample 56. The results showed that there was a significant difference is an increase in the achievement of CHLB in household settings by 11.42% (from 54.28% to 65.7%). Behavioral indicators rose significantly to 100%, are the using clean water, washing hands with soap using running water, using healthy latrines, eradicating mosquito larvae at home, eating vegetables and fruit every day. The indicator of not smoking in the house rose significantly to 66.41%. Other indicators are not significantly different, are above 85%. Education on CHLB including health protocols to prevent COVID-19 needs continuously. The study of factors related to the increase in household PHBS achievement during a pandemic needs to be studied further.

Keywords: indicators, change, clean and healthy living behavior, pandemic.