bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural fields for 3D tracking of anatomy and surgical instruments in monocular laparoscopic video clips
Authors: Gerats Beerend G. A. , Wolterink Jelmer M. , Mol Seb P. , Broeders Ivo A. M. J.
Published: December 2024

Laparoscopic video tracking primarily focuses on two target types: surgical instruments and anatomy. The former could be used for skill assessment, while the latter is necessary for the projection of virtual overlays. Where instrument and anatomy tracking have often been considered two separate problems, in this article, a method is proposed for joint tracking of all structures simultaneously. Based on a single 2D monocular video clip, a neural field is trained to represent a continuous spatiotemporal scene, used to create 3D tracks of all surfaces visible in at least one frame. Due to the small size of instruments, they generally cover a small part of the image only, resulting in decreased tracking accuracy. Therefore, enhanced class weighting is proposed to improve the instrument tracks. The authors evaluate tracking on video clips from laparoscopic cholecystectomies, where they find mean tracking accuracies of 92.4% for anatomical structures and 87.4% for instruments. Additionally, the quality of depth maps obtained from the method's scene reconstructions is assessed. It is shown that these pseudo‐depths have comparable quality to a state‐of‐the‐art pre‐trained depth estimator. On laparoscopic videos in the SCARED dataset, the method predicts depth with an MAE of 2.9 mm and a relative error of 9.2%. These results show the feasibility of using neural fields for monocular 3D reconstruction of laparoscopic scenes. Code is available via GitHub: https://github.com/Beerend/Surgical‐OmniMotion.
Real‐time seedless post‐processing for quantum random number generators
Authors: Li Qian , Zhou Hongyi
Published: December 2024

Quantum‐proof randomness extraction is essential for handling quantum side information possessed by a quantum adversary, which is widely applied in various quantum cryptography tasks. In this study, the authors introduce a real‐time two‐source quantum randomness extractor against quantum side information. The authors’ extractor is tailored for forward block sources, a novel category of min‐entropy sources introduced in this work. These sources retain the flexibility to accommodate a broad range of quantum random number generators. The authors’ online algorithms demonstrate the extraction of a constant fraction of min‐entropy from two infinitely long independent forward block sources. Moreover, the authors’ extractor is inherently block‐wise parallelisable, presenting a practical and efficient solution for the timely extraction of high‐quality randomness. Applying the authors’ extractors to the raw data of one of the most commonly used quantum random number generators, a simulated extraction speed as high as 64 Gbps is achieved.
Quantum blockchain: Trends, technologies, and future directions
Authors: S Manjula Gandhi , Mulay Chaitrali , Durai Karthiganesh , Murali G. , Ibrahim Syed Masood Jafar Ali , Vijayarajan V. , Gautam Kumar , Kalyan Chakravarthy N. S. , Suresh Kumar S. , Agarwal Saurabh , S Murali , V Vijayasherly , Asirvatham David , Brohi Sarfraz , C Chandru Vignesh , S Anbuchelian
Published: December 2024

Blockchain technology is a highly developed database system that shares information within a business web. It stores details in blocks connected chronologically, ensuring information integrity through consensus mechanisms that prevent unauthorised alterations. This decentralised system removes the need for a believable mediator, mitigating vulnerabilities and enhancing transaction security. Blockchain’s application spans the energy, finance, media, entertainment, and retail sectors. However, classical blockchain faces threats from quantum computing advancements, necessitating the development of quantum blockchain technology. Quantum blockchain, leveraging quantum computation and information theory, offers enhanced security and immutability. In this paper, different mathematical foundations, practical implementations and effectiveness of lattice‐based cryptography in securing blockchain applications are discussed. Analysis of how the cryptographic techniques can protect blockchain systems against quantum attacks is being done by using mathematical formulations and examples. Quantum computing strengthens blockchain security with advanced encryption and authentication, which is critical for safeguarding diverse sectors from evolving cyber threats. Further study on quantum‐resistant design is necessary if blockchain networks are to be robust and intact in the face of future technological developments.
ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Dust mass measurements as a function of redshift, stellar mass, and star formation rate from z = 1 to z = 5
Authors: Jolly Jean-Baptiste , Knudsen Kirsten , Laporte Nicolas , Guerrero Andrea , Fujimoto Seiji , Kohno Kotaro , Kokorev Vasily , Lagos Claudia del P. , Schirmer Thiébaut-Antoine , Bauer Franz , Dessauge-Zavadsky Miroslava , Espada Daniel , Hatsukade Bunyo , Koekemoer Anton M. , Richard Johan , Sun Fengwu , Wu John F.
Published: December 2024

Context. Understanding the dust content of galaxies, its evolution with redshift and its relation to stars and star formation is fundamental for our understanding of galaxy evolution. Dust acts as a catalyst of star formation and as a shield for star light. Advanced millimeter facilities like ALMA have made dust observation ever more accessible, even at high redshift. However, dust emission is typically very faint, making the use of stacking techniques is instrumental in the study of dust in statistically sound samples.

Aims. Using the ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) wide-area band-6 continuum dataset (∼ 110 arcmin2 across 33 lensing clusters), we constrain the dust-mass evolution with redshift, stellar mass, and star formation rate (SFR).

Methods. After binning sources according to redshift, SFR, and stellar mass as extracted from an HST-IRAC catalog, we performed a set of continuum-stacking analyses in the image domain using LINESTACKER on sources between z = 1 and z = 5, which further improved the depth of our data. The large field of view provided by the ALCS allowed us to reach a final sample of ∼4000 galaxies with known coordinates and SED-derived physical parameters. We stacked sources with an SFR between 10−3 and 103 M⊙ per year and a stellar mass between 108 and 1012 M⊙, and we split them into different stellar mass and SFR bins. Through stacking, we retrieved the continuum 1.2 mm flux, which is a known dust-mass tracer. This allowed us to derive the dust-mass evolution with redshift and its relation to the SFR and stellar mass.

Results. We clearly detect the continuum in most of the subsamples. From the nondetections, we derive 3σ upper limits. We observe a steady decline in the average dust mass with redshift. Moreover, sources with a higher stellar mass or SFR have a higher dust mass on average. This allows us to derive scaling relations. Our results mostly agree well with models at z ∼ 1–3, but they indicate a typically lower dust mass than predicted at higher redshift.
TOI-2458 b: A mini-Neptune consistent with in situ hot Jupiter formation
Authors: Šubjak Ján , Gandolfi Davide , Goffo Elisa , Rapetti David , Jankowski Dawid , Mizuki Toshiyuki , Dai Fei , Serrano Luisa M. , Wilson Thomas G. , Goździewski Krzysztof , Nowak Grzegorz , Jenkins Jon M. , Twicken Joseph D. , Winn Joshua N. , Bieryla Allyson , Ciardi David R. , Cochran William D. , Collins Karen A. , Deeg Hans J. , García Rafael A. , Guenther Eike W. , Hatzes Artie P. , Kabáth Petr , Korth Judith , Latham David W. , Livingston John H. , Lund Michael B. , Mathur Savita , Narita Norio , Orell-Miquel Jaume , Pallé Enric , Persson Carina M. , Redfield Seth , Schwarz Richard P. , Watanabe David , Ziegler Carl
Published: December 2024

We report on the discovery and spectroscopic confirmation of TOI-2458 b, a transiting mini-Neptune around an F-type star leaving the main-sequence with a mass of M★ = 1.05 ± 0.03 M⊙, a radius of R★ = 1.31 ± 0.03 R⊙, an effective temperature of Teff = 6005 ± 50 K, and a metallicity of −0.10 ± 0.05 dex. By combining TESS photometry with high-resolution spectra acquired with the HARPS spectrograph, we found that the transiting planet has an orbital period of −3.74 days, a mass of Mp = 13.31 ± 0.99 M⊕ and a radius of Rp = 2.83 ± 0.20 R⊕. The host star TOI-2458 shows a short activity cycle of ~54 days revealed in the HARPS S-index and Ha times series. We took the opportunity to investigate other F stars showing activity cycle periods comparable to that of TOI-2458 and found that they have shorter rotation periods than would be expected based on the gyrochronology predictions. In addition, we determined TOI-2458’s stellar inclination angle to be i* = 10.6−10.6+13.3 degrees. We discuss that both phenomena (fast stellar rotation and planet orbit inclination) could be explained by in situ formation of a hot Jupiter interior to TOI-2458 b. It is plausible that this hot Jupiter was recently engulfed by the star. Analysis of HARPS spectra has identified the presence of another planet with a period of P = 16.55 ± 0.06 days and a minimum mass of Mp sin i = 10.22 ± 1.90 M⊕. Using dynamical stability analysis, we constrained the mass of this planet to the range Mc ≃ (10, 25) M⊕.
Non-local thermal transport impact on compressive waves in two-temperature coronal loops
Authors: Belov S. A. , Goffrey T. , Arber T. D. , Kolotkov D. Y.
Published: December 2024

Context. Observations of slow magnetoacoustic waves in solar coronal loops suggest that in hot coronal plasma, heat conduction may be suppressed in comparison with the classical thermal transport model.

Aims. We link this suppression with the effect of the non-local thermal transport that appears when the plasma temperature perturbation gradient becomes comparable to the electron mean-free-path. Moreover, we consider a finite time of thermalisation between electrons and ions so that separate electron and ion temperatures can occur in the loop.

Methods. We numerically compared the influence of the local and non-local thermal transport models on standing slow waves in one- and two-temperature coronal loops. To quantify our comparison, we used the period and damping time of the waves as commonly observed parameters.

Results. Our study reveals that non-local thermal transport can result in either shorter or longer slow-wave damping times in comparison with the local conduction model due to the suppression of the isothermal regime. The difference in damping times can reach 80%. For hot coronal loops, we find that the finite equilibration between electron and ion temperatures results in an up to 50% longer damping time compared to the one-temperature case. These results indicate that non-local transport will influence the dynamics of compressive waves across a broad range of coronal plasma parameters with Knudsen numbers (the ratio of mean-free-path to temperature scale length) larger than 1%.

Conclusions. In the solar corona, the non-local thermal transport shows a significant influence on the dynamics of standing slow waves in a broad range of plasma parameters, while two-temperature effects come into play for hot and less dense loops.
Role of artificial intelligence in human resource management for optimizing employee productivity
Authors: Veshne Nupur , Jamnani Jyoti
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed various industries, including human resource management, by enhancing efficiency, decision-making, and employee productivity. Recruitments can be modernized by using catboats, predictive analysis helps in offering data-driven insights that can be used to find skill gaps and people management planning. AI’s advancements have made it easy to integrate AI with HRM for increasing efficiency, despite this a lot of ethical concerns, biases, and privacy issue makes it difficult to implement AI completely in the decision-making process. This paper is a bibliometric study focusing on the evolution of AI with HRM to enhance employee productivity and identify key trends and research gaps. This study considered publications for 10 years from 2014 to 2024 through various databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE, the study further divides the literature to highlight the most cited authors, countries contributing to the field, and year-wise contribution. The paper focuses on studying the role of AI in various functional areas of HR such as recruitment, performance, and employee productivity. The findings highlight the increasing role of AI across multiple HR practices. This bibliometric investigation offers valuable findings for researchers and practitioners aiming to use AI to enhance HR jobs.
A case study of digital financial transformation at delta pizza
Authors: Zhang Yachun
Published: December 2024

This paper mainly explains the digital financial transformation of, explains the general background of today’s catering industry, and describes in detail the catering company Delta Pizza in what circumstances to carry out digital financial transformation and the process of digital financial transformation, the measures developed in the process of transformation and the problems that will be encountered before and after the transformation, the changes in financial data before and after the transformation, focusing on the effectiveness of the transformation of and the benefits of digital financial transformation for Delta Pizza versus other industries.
Case study of digital financial transformation -- taking CATL as an example
Authors: Xu Jialei , Yu Haiyang
Published: December 2024

As the scale of China’s digital economy continues to expand, some large manufacturing enterprises have embarked on digital transformation and achieved initial results. However, the costs and benefits of transformation still need to be explored. To address this issue, this paper first introduces the background of the study, the current status of the development of digital economy and the concept of digital financial transformation, then briefly analyzes the ERP technology, and takes Contemporary CATL Co. Limited as an example to analyze the transformation performance in terms of decision-making ability, risk management ability, etc., and analyzes the benefits of transformation in terms of profitability and capital turnover, etc. according to the transformation of the actual challenges faced by the company, and puts forward suggestions. Finally, we conclude that digital financial transformation plays a positive role in promoting CATL.
Research on Marketing Problems and Optimization Strategies of ByteDance in the Era of Big Data
Authors: Liu Yan
Published: December 2024

With the advent of the big data era, industries across the board are encountering both opportunities and challenges in their efforts to transform and upgrade. In the realm of marketing, the discussion around the transformation of Internet products remains relatively sparse. This article focuses on ByteDance, a prominent Internet company known globally for its flagship product, TikTok, to explore how companies in this sector can leverage big data for marketing success. While TikTok has achieved significant popularity, ByteDance faces multiple challenges that threaten its market position. These include increasing governmental scrutiny over data security, intensified competition in the short video market, and growing societal concerns about underage addiction to digital content. Additionally, ByteDance has struggled to diversify its revenue streams, relying heavily on TikTok’s success. To address these challenges, this paper proposes strategic solutions, including enhanced public relations efforts, algorithm optimization, the establishment of robust systems for underage protection, and the integration of business operations. These strategies not only aim to stabilize ByteDance’s market standing but also offer valuable insights for the broader Internet industry, highlighting the critical importance of adapting marketing strategies in an era dominated by big data.
Research on the Transformation Issues and Optimization Strategies of Traditional Chinese Retail Enterprises under the Background of Digital Transformation
Authors: Huang Pinxiang
Published: December 2024

The retail industry plays a vital role in the national economy, directly contributing to GDP growth. Its healthy development supports overall economic stability. However, in the digital age, amid a challenging business environment and intense market dynamics, traditional Chinese retail enterprises face unprecedented challenges and opportunities, necessitating digital transformation. This study explores the primary issues and corresponding strategies for the transition of traditional Chinese retailers to new retail models. Focusing on Miniso, a prominent example of new retail, and comparing traditional retailers with those that have embraced digital transformation, this study identifies four key challenges: inadequate technology adoption, poor data management, and utilization, difficulty in integrating online and offline channels, and rigid marketing methods. It proposes four optimization strategies: increased investment in digital technology and talent development, the creation of an efficient data management system, seamless integration of online and offline marketing and service models, and enhanced social media marketing. This study aims to offer theoretical support and practical guidance for the successful digital transformation of traditional Chinese retailers, promoting sustainable development and competitiveness in the evolving market landscape.
A study of the digital transformation of enterprises: A case study of Selfridges
Authors: Cai Yaojie
Published: December 2024

Rapid tech advancements and the rise of “New Retail,” introduced by Jack Ma in 2016, challenge the traditional department store model. This study aims to explore how traditional brick-and-mortar retail enterprises can effectively implement digital transformation amid the challenges and opportunities presented by Industry 4.0 and new retail trends. This study takes Selfridges, a high-end department store in the United Kingdom, as an example to explore its strategy and practice of digital transformation, and assess its strengths and weaknesses in the process of digital transformation. The main content includes a review of digital transformation theory, analysis of Selfridges’ digital strategy and application of data-driven decision making, and evaluation of the results of its digital work. The ultimate aim is to provide reference and advice for other retail businesses that are undergoing digital transformation. Selfridges, a high end British department store established in 1908, has faced increasing competition and challenges, resulting in the digital transformation. This study examines Selfridges’ efforts to adapt to current trends by implementing a comprehensive digital strategy. It found that key initiatives, include expanding its e-commerce platform, launching a mobile app, and leveraging social media for engagement, have been implemented by Selfridge. Data-driven decision-making is also central for Selfrdige to enhancing customer experience and operational efficiency. However, Selfridges still faces challenges such as user experience issues, lack of integration, and data underutilization. This case study has highlighted both the benefits and limitations of Selfridges’ digital transformation, which could offer insights for future improvements and strategic adjustments.
Vulnerabilities And Resilience In China’s Semiconductor Supply Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Li Fuyu
Published: December 2024

Amidst the escalating global competition in semiconductor technology, this paper critically examines the vulnerabilities and strengths of China’s chip industry supply chain, juxtaposed against the backdrop of stringent U.S. export restrictions. Recognizing the strategic importance of semiconductors in national security and economic development, we delve into the nuanced dynamics of the ongoing trade conflict between Huawei and Qualcomm, two industry giants representing different continents. This analysis uncovers the root causes of the confrontation, highlighting the interplay between technological prowess and geopolitical strategies.Drawing upon extensive literature review and case studies, our research underscores the imperative for China to fortify its domestic chip ecosystem. We propose a multifaceted approach to optimize the supply chain, aiming to mitigate dependencies that exacerbate trade tensions. This strategy encompasses nurturing indigenous innovation, enhancing collaboration among stakeholders, and diversifying sourcing channels.The paper acknowledges its limitations, primarily the evolving nature of U.S. policies and the inherent challenges in accessing comprehensive data on proprietary technologies. Future research directions are outlined, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring of policy shifts and the cultivation of a more transparent information exchange framework between competing nations.
Research on the impact of environmental regulation on the green cost input of SMEs
Authors: Fang Yuqi , Sun Xinyi , Yu Zhongqi
Published: December 2024

Against the backdrop of growing environmental problems, the sustainable development of enterprises in all countries is facing serious challenges. Restricted by capital and costs, some enterprises risk breaking the law by producing or disposing of raw materials and wastes in order to make temporary profits, thus bringing about a series of environmental problems. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are vital for economic progress, have prompted the government to devise an array of initiatives and strategies aimed at fostering their environmentally sustainable growth. This paper explores the factors that increase the willingness of enterprises to bear green costs and how the government’s measures affect their choices by constructing a “government-firm” evolutionary game model. It is found that the government’s environmental policies, subsidies and penalties have a significant impact on SMEs’ green cost decisions. When the government’s subsidies are high enough and penalties are strong enough, SMEs are more inclined to increase their green costs to achieve a win-win situation between economic and environmental benefits.
Research on Customer Experience Optimization of Large Storage Supermarkets
Authors: Yao Yuanyuan
Published: December 2024

In the context of new retail, online and offline channels are integrated to optimize the consumer experience and supply chain through digital technology to meet consumers’ individual needs better. Under this background, this study deeply discusses the present situation and strategies of customer experience optimization in large warehousing supermarkets. Through structural equation modeling and SmartPLS, this study systematically analyzes the complex relationship between customer overall satisfaction, shopping experience, customer loyalty, and customer recommendation willingness. It is found that a high-quality shopping experience has a significant positive impact on improving the overall satisfaction of customers, thus enhancing customer loyalty and ultimately promoting the formation of customer recommendation willingness. This study not only reveals the key factors affecting customer behavior but also provides theoretical basis and empirical support for large warehousing supermarkets to optimize customer experience in the new retail transformation. In the future, the research will further focus on the exploration of specific optimization strategies, aiming to help enterprises improve customer experience and enhance market competitiveness.
Research on Impact of Macroeconomic Fluctuations on the Profitability of China’s Huawei
Authors: Zhang Yaozhong
Published: December 2024

This paper categorizes Huawei’s American suppliers into two types based on the proportion of revenue they derive from Huawei. The first type consists of US suppliers with a low dependency on Huawei and are less affected by the trade war and Huawei bans. The second type includes US suppliers with a high dependency on Huawei, where Huawei is a major customer, and a significant portion of their annual procurement amount constitutes a large share of their revenue. Any reduction or cessation of orders from Huawei drastically reduces these suppliers’ revenue, impacting their operational performance significantly. The paper then focuses on New Photonics, a US supplier with nearly half of its annual revenue from Huawei, to analyze the adverse effects of the US-China trade war on its performance. Firstly, after Huawei was listed on the Entity List, Huawei’s share dropped nearly 15%, and the company’s ability to collect payments from this major customer also deteriorated. Secondly, Huawei’s orders were ceased due to the US-China trade war. Subsequently, event studies revealed that US-China trade negotiations and the Entity List incident had positive and negative impacts on New Photonics’ market performance, respectively. Finally, the US-China trade war filled the Chinese market with uncertainties. The company’s ratio of revolving loans decreased significantly, which also impacted the company’s investment behavior and capital utilization efficiency. To cope with the US-China trade war, New Photonics adjusted its business strategies by enhancing product R&D, strengthening cost control, and transforming financing methods.
Research on the Impact of Oligopoly on the Electronics Industry and Optimization Strategies — Taking Apple, Xiaomi, and Samsung as Examples
Authors: Jiang Bingxian
Published: December 2024

This study delves into the profound impact of oligopoly within the electronics industry, with a specific focus on the market dominance exerted by Apple, Xiaomi, and Samsung. These industry giants wield significant influence, shaping market trends, consumer behavior, and the competitive landscape. Understanding the dynamics of oligopoly in this sector is crucial, as the concentration of power among these companies can lead to several critical issues. The research systematically analyzes their market control, innovation strategies, and the implications for consumer choice. It identifies key challenges, including the potential stifling of innovation, reduced competition, and increased dependency within the supply chain. To address these concerns, the study proposes a series of strategic optimizations. These include diversifying product offerings to reduce market control, increasing investment in research and development to foster innovation, enhancing product customization to meet diverse consumer needs, and improving supply chain flexibility to mitigate dependencies. These recommendations are designed to counteract the negative effects of oligopoly, promoting a more competitive and innovative industry environment. The findings of this research are of significant importance, offering valuable insights for both industry practitioners and policymakers. By addressing the challenges posed by oligopolistic markets, the study contributes to the development of more effective strategies for managing competition and innovation in the electronics industry, ultimately benefiting consumers and the market as a whole.
Research on the Influence and Countermeasures of China’s Intellectual Property Rights on the New Energy Vehicle Industry
Authors: Yu Yahui
Published: December 2024

The enhancement of environmental awareness and the advancement of energy structure adjustments are driving forces behind achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality. These efforts have also spurred the innovative development of future energy industries, including hydrogen and electric energy. Within this context, the growth of new energy vehicles, such as clean energy vehicles, has garnered significant attention in China. Patents, as a key indicator of a company’s innovation capability and market competitiveness, are crucial in evaluating the progress of the automotive industry. To better understand the development trajectory of China’s leading automobile companies, this article selects several prominent domestic manufacturers as the focus of its analysis. By examining the current status and historical development of these companies, alongside an in-depth analysis of their patent portfolios—considering factors such as competitiveness, volume, and technological impact—this study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of their innovation landscape. Based on these insights, the article offers three strategic recommendations: First, it is essential to enhance the quality of patents, ensuring they are not only numerous but also impactful. Second, companies should intensify research and development efforts in critical areas, targeting breakthroughs in key technologies. Third, proactive patent layouts for forward-looking and emerging technologies should be pursued to secure long-term competitive advantages.
Big Data Analytics in Supply Chain Optimization and Risk Management: A case study of Amazon
Authors: Lin Zixuan
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the application of big data technology in supply chain management, especially its role in coping with complex market demand and supply chain risks. Starting from both theoretical and practical case levels, the study systematically comprehends the key technologies of big data in supply chain management, including application scenarios such as demand forecasting, inventory management, production optimization, and supplier management. Through empirical analysis with Amazon as a case study, the study reveals how big data analytics can significantly improve the agility, efficiency, and risk resistance of the supply chain, which is manifested in the improvement of inventory turnover, reduction of supply chain cost, and optimization of logistics efficiency. A series of optimization strategies are proposed. The study systematically comprehends the core technologies of big data in supply chain management. This study analyzes their practical application effects in demand forecasting, inventory management, production optimization, logistics and distribution, and supplier management scenarios.
Green Logistics Practices and Challenges in the Logistics Industry: Case study of SF Express
Authors: Huang Jiawei , Shi Ziyi , Song Yang
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of China’s logistics industry, the integration of green logistics has become a key goal to achieve sustainable development. This study examines the current status of green logistics development in China, the challenges it faces, and its practice at SF Express, including the environmental impacts of traditional logistics processes, such as transportation emissions, excessive packaging, and the limited attention paid by companies to green logistics awareness. In addition, this study analyzes SF Express’ initiatives to optimize its logistics system, implement green transportation, reduce packaging waste, and promote low-carbon logistics through technological innovations such as drones and new energy vehicles. By adopting a green logistics framework that incorporates the “5Rs” principles, SF Express has made significant progress in reducing its environmental footprint. The study suggests that despite some successes, there are still challenges in promoting green logistics across the industry, such as the need for greater coordination with e-commerce partners and wider adoption of sustainable practices by employees at all levels of the organization.
Strukturierte Erfassung psychischer Auffälligkeiten in pädiatrischen
U-Untersuchungen – Ergebnisse der cluster-randomisierten, prospektiven PSYCH-U
Studie
Authors: Schmidt Hannah , Menrath Ingo , Mertens Svenja , Pawils Silke
Published: December 2024

Hintergrund Die Früherkennung psychischer Auffälligkeiten ist wichtig, um
eine Chronifizierung zu verhindern. Die Psych-U-Studie prüfte den Mehrwert einer
strukturierten Erfassung psychischer Auffälligkeiten in U-Untersuchungen
gegenüber Routinebehandlungen ohne eine solche Erfassung.

Methoden Im clusterrandomisiert-kontrollierten Studiendesign wurde eine
zweiarmige Interventionsgruppe (IG; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,
SDQ sowie Mannheimer Elternfragebogen, MEF) mit einer Kontrollgruppe (KG)
verglichen. In der IG bearbeiteten Eltern vor der U-Untersuchung eine
tabletgestützte, strukturierte Befragung zu möglichen psychischen
Auffälligkeiten ihrer Kinder, welche anschließend mit den Kinder- und
Jugendärzt:innen in der U-Untersuchung nachbesprochen wurde. Die Endpunkte waren
Akzeptanz ( = Teilnahmerate; Eltern-Telefoninterviews), Praktikabilität ( =
Fokusgruppen mit Praxisteams) sowie Wirkung (= Weiterleitungsverhalten) der
strukturierten Erfassung psychischer Auffälligkeiten gegenüber der
Routinebehandlung.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt nahmen N=3,138 Familien teil (Teilneh- merrate: 85,3
%). In den Eltern-Telefoninterviews (n = 348) wiesen SDQ und MEF eine hohe
Akzeptanz auf. Die Fokusgruppeninterviews mit den Praxisteams deuten auf eine
hohe Praktikabilität hin, gleichzeitig seien für die Implementierung in die
Regelversorgung strukturelle Veränderungen auf der Ebene des Gesundheitssystems
(z. B. Vergütung des Mehraufwands), – der Praxen (z. B. digitale
Erhebungsmöglichkeiten) und – der Patient:innen (z. B. Angebote bei
Sprachbarrieren) notwendig. Die IG wies eine höhere Weiterleitungsrate gegenüber
der KG auf.

Schlussfolgerung Die strukturierte Erfassung psychischer Auffälligkeiten
erscheint sinnvoll, erfordert aber strukturelle Voraussetzungen. Zudem sollten
genügend lokale Weiterleitungsangebote vorhanden sein.
Erwartungen an und Wahrnehmung einer medizinischen Rehabilitation in
Pandemiezeiten aus Perspektive von Personen mit Rehabilitationsbedarf und
Rehabilitand*innen – Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Annac Kübra , Fieselmann Jana , Yılmaz-Aslan Yüce , Brzoska Patrick
Published: December 2024

Ziel der Studie Im Laufe der letzten vier Jahre haben Anbieter der
medizinischen Rehabilitation und ihre Mitarbeitenden Strategien entwickelt, um
sich auf eine neue Versorgungsrealität während der COVID-19-Pandemie
einzustellen. Ziel der qualitativen Erhebung war es, die Erwartungen an und die
Wahrnehmung einer Rehabilitation während Pandemiezeiten von (potenziellen)
Rehabilitand*innen zu erfassen. Die Ergebnisse können einen Beitrag zur
Entwicklung von Empfehlungen darüber leisten, wie pandemiebedingte
Herausforderungen in der rehabilitativen Versorgung bestmöglich bewältigt werden
können.

Methodik Um Einblicke in die Perspektive von Rehabilitand*innen und
(potenziellen) Antragsteller*innen zu gewinnen, wurden 33 leitfadengestützte,
telefonische Einzelinterviews durchgeführt. Die Interviewpartner*innen wurden
über zwei Kooperationskliniken, soziale Medien sowie ein netzwerkbasiertes
Schneeballprinzip rekrutiert. Die Interviews wurden transkribiert und in
Anlehnung an das von Kuckartz empfohlene Vorgehen in einem mehrstufigen
Verfahren qualitativ-inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse (Potenzielle) Antragsteller*innen und Rehabilitand*innen
äußerten sich zu (erwarteten) Herausforderungen und Chancen während der
Rehabilitation und zu Bedürfnissen an die rehabilitativen Versorgung in
Pandemiezeiten. Ergeben haben sich auf der einen Seite Einschränkungen in der
Therapie- und Freizeitgestaltung. Außerdem berichteten sie von (psycho-)sozialen
Herausforderungen wie Gefühlen von Einsamkeit und Isolation aufgrund von
Kontaktbeschränkungen. Auf der anderen Seite nahmen die (potenziellen)
Rehabilitand*innen auch Chancen während einer Rehabilitation wahr. Positiv
empfanden sie die Schutz- und Hygienemaßnahmen in den Einrichtungen, die
geringere Klinikauslastung und kleinere Gruppengrößen sowie die Möglichkeit der
Nutzung von Gesundheitsangeboten und des sozialen Kontakts.

Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Rehabilitation auch in
Pandemiezeiten trotz Schutzmaßnahmen als entlastend und gesundheitsfördernd
wahrgenommen werden kann. Für einige Befragte sind die Schutzmaßnahmen
maßgeblich für den Erfolg einer und den Gesundheitserhalt während einer
Rehabilitation. Die Strategien der Einrichtungen, mit COVID-19 umzugehen,
Infektionen vorzubeugen und gleichzeitig eine patientenzentrierte
Gesundheitsversorgung zu gewährleisten, brachten für die Rehabilitand*innen
neben Einschränkungen vielmehr positive Effekte und nachhaltige Chancen mit
sich.
Oxaprozin and SB-431542 Hybrid Molecule Inhibits Fibrosis and Cancer Cell Migration
Authors: Sakamoto Masaharu , Kai Seriha , Tateishi Hiroshi , Fujita Mikako , Otsuka Masami , Biswas Tanima , Sakamoto Takashi , Teshima Misaki , Iwanaga Misaki , Nishikawa Akiko , Sakamoto Arisa , Shimozono Rie , Kameyama Hiroki , Nambu Masami , Masunaga Takuya , Anraku Kensaku
Published: December 2024

In this study, we synthesized a novel oxaprozin and SB-431542 hybrid molecule, AF-3, exhibiting antifibrotic and anti-cell-migration activities. Although oxaprozin was expected to exhibit antifibrotic activity, this was not observed in this study. Therefore, we designed AF-3 as an oxaprozin derivative and obtained its synthetic precursor, AF-2. Carboxylic acid AF-2 and carboxamide AF-3 showed similar inhibitory activities against AKT phosphorylation and expression of the mesenchymal cell marker, vimentin. Notably, AF-2 exerted weaker effects on cell migration and fibrosis than AF-3. Although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, this study provides valuable insights for the development of new drugs against fibrosis and cancer metastasis related to cell migration.
A Comparison of Anterior and Posterior Dental Autotransplants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Galletti Fulvia , Motta Jones Niccolò , Real-Voltas Francisco , Greethurst Alice Rose , Stagno d'Alcontres Lorenza , Cervino Gabriele , Fiorillo Luca , De Angelis Francesca , Galletti Cosimo
Published: December 2024

The ability to restore both function and aesthetics after tooth loss is a cornerstone of modern dentistry. Various treatments are available for replacing missing teeth, among which dental autotransplantation has emerged as an innovative approach. Historically, tooth autotransplantation has been a common remedy for dental avulsion in young patients; however, in recent years, it has gained recognition as a viable and predictable option for replacing hopeless teeth in adults as well. This study aims to systematically evaluate and compare the effectiveness of anterior versus posterior dental autotransplants, while also providing an overview of the techniques employed in these procedures. Utilizing online platforms such as PubMed and the UIC University library, articles published between 2010 and 2023 were selected for review. The findings of this systematic review indicate that dental autotransplantion, regardless of whether it occurs in the anterior or posterior region, yields optimal aesthetic and functional results alongside long-term positive outcomes. Autotransplantation is particularly beneficial for trauma-related tooth loss, especially in younger patients, where ongoing bone growth necessitates the preservation of bone levels. The studies reviewed consistently demonstrate that this technique offers significant advantages in terms of function, appearance, and structural integrity, with compelling evidence supporting its long-term viability. In summary, dental autotransplantation is a valuable treatment option that not only addresses the immediate concerns following tooth loss but also contributes to maintaining oral health and aesthetics over time.
The Association between Dental Caries and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ramadhani Atik , Vianti Vita , Badruddin Iwany Amalliah , Bahar Armasastra , Malik Normaliza Ab , Rahardjo Anton
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several epidemiological studies have reported oral health as one of the risk factors for CVD. This scoping review aimed to present evidence from published reports regarding the association between dental caries and CVD incidence. The search strategy was conducted using available databases (PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest) for studies published from January 2013 to December 2023 in the English language. The retrieved articles were further evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 24 relevant articles were selected for review to support the evidence based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for scoping review guidelines. Furthermore, 12 cross-sectional, 5 case-control, and 7 cohort studies reported a correlation between dental caries and CVD incidence. The results of this review suggest an association between dental caries and CVD through oral infection or pathogen-induced oral inflammatory mediators. Moreover, other potential factors that increase the risk of CVD include age, hypertension, tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, stress, genetic predisposition, physical activity, alcohol consumption, health behaviors, obesity, antibiotic supplementation, awareness of oral health, access to health care, nutrition, and low socioeconomic status. Despite the limited number of studies, there is much evidence of an association between dental caries and CVD incidence. Understanding the association between dental caries and CVD plays a pivotal role in patient education and treatment planning. To expand the search source and evidence, future systematic reviews and meta-analyses should investigate the associations between dental caries and CVD.
Controversies in Chronic Aortic Dissection
Authors: Zhao Yanqing , Fukuhara Shinichi , Khaja Minhaj S.
Published: December 2024

Chronic type B aortic dissection (cTBAD) often requires intervention due to complications like aortic aneurysmal dilatation and rupture, traditionally managed via open surgery. With the continued rise of endovascular therapies, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is increasingly used, although its role in cTBAD is debated due to challenges such as a thick dissection septum, poor landing zones, and persistent false lumen flow. However, mounting evidence demonstrates TEVAR is a viable option for cTBAD, particularly for patients with high risks treated with open surgery. Advances in endovascular techniques, such as false lumen obliteration techniques and landing zone optimization strategies, have enhanced its technical success rate and clinical outcomes. However, continued research is needed to validate these methods and confirm their long-term benefits. In this review article, we not only update the emerging endovascular armamentarium but also discuss the technical considerations in catheter-based treatment approaches and respective outcomes.
Surface impedance of a metal with a rough boundary in a parallel magnetic field
Authors: Kaner É. A. , Krokhin A. A. , Makarov N. M. , Yampol’skii V. A.
Published: December 2024

The impedance of a metal with a rough surface in a parallel magnetic field of intensity H is calculated here. The surface scattering of electrons under conditions of the anomalous skin effect is shown to be characterized by a relaxation frequency νs which depends on the parameters of the boundary and of the magnetic field. This frequency νs is found to be rather high and can, at low temperatures, exceed the frequency ν of bulk electron collisions. The dependence of the impedance on the magnetic field intensity H is analyzed, as well as its dependence on the frequency of the external electromagnetic wave ω and on the frequencies ν and νs. The smooth (nonresonant) part of this impedance is found to be a nonmonotonic function of the magnetic field intensity when scattering at the surface predominates over scattering in the bulk.
Linear magnetooptic effect and visual observation of antiferromagnetic domains in an orthorhombic crystal of DyFeO3
Authors: Kharchenko N. F. , Gnatchenko S. L.
Published: December 2024

We consider the linear magnetooptic effect in crystals of the orthorhombic magnetic space group. We find the form of the tensor qija describing the linear magnetooptic effect, and the corrections linear in H, ΔSεij to the components of the symmetric part of the dielectric permittivity tensor for the cases when the magnetic field is oriented along the two-fold axes. We have studied the linear magnetooptic effect experimentally in dysprosium orthoferrite at temperatures below the Morin temperature TM, with the magnetic field H and the light propagation direction along the c axis of the crystal (H‖k‖c). It is shown that in the antiferromagnet DyFeO3 for the case H‖c the linear magnetooptic effect leads to a rotation of the major axes of the dielectric tensor or the major axes of the optic indicatrix about the c axes by an angle linearly proportional to H. The field dependence of the rotation angle for the optical indicatrix and the off-diagonal symmetric components of the dielectric tensor sεxy are found. Using the linear magnetooptic effect we have visually observed and studied the antiferromagnetic domains. The field dependence of the Faraday effect is also obtained, and the off diagonal antisymmetric components axy are determined as a function of the magnetic field strength. It is shown that for DyFeO3 for H‖c and T < TM the components sεxy and aεxy causing the linear magnetooptic effect and the Faraday effect are of similar magnitude.
Low-temperature “memory” in proustite crystals
Authors: Alekseeva Z. M. , Skorbun A. D. , Tsivileva I. M.
Published: December 2024

A “memory” is observed in proustite crystals that have been cooled below the first order transition temperature at 24 °K. This effect consists in the preservation of anomalously large values of σ and ε, as compared to the initial values, even after several days of storage at room temperature. The “memory” may be thermally annealed and is reproducible many times on the same specimen. The effect is presumably due to formation of long-lived strain-type states that are stimulated by cooling past the point of the ferroelectric-type phase transition.
Phase diagram of a granular superconductor
Authors: Akopov S. G. , Lozovik Yu. E.
Published: December 2024

The phase diagram of a granular superconductor is constructed in the self-consistent harmonic approximation (SCHA) for the order-parameter-phase fluctuation. At zero temperature, the condition for the existence of coherence (CJ ≥ 0.07) obtained in the SCHA in the ordered-granule-lattice model turns out to be less rigid than the corresponding condition derived without any allowance for the correlation between the phase oscillations of different granules. The long-wave spectrum of the phase oscillations in a granular superconductor is determined.
Model of a ferroelectric material with strong low-temperature anharmonicity
Authors: Plakida N. M.
Published: December 2024

The lattice dynamics and the phase transition are considered in the model of a ferroelectric material with a single-particle anharmonic Gaussian potential. In the case of strong anharmonicity the phase transition in this model is found to be close to the order–disorder type phase transition and to correspond to the phase transition in the 2-level pseudospin model within the quantum range of low temperatures.
Plateau in the frequency dependence of the conductivity of one-dimensional disordered metals
Authors: Dorokhov O. N. , Matveenko S. I. , Prigara F. V.
Published: December 2024

The ac conductivity of disordered one-dimensional conductors is examined. It is shown that at frequencies exceeding the inverse lifetime of localized states formed by static defects, the conductivity enters a certain plateau in the frequency dependence. The temperature dependence of this plateau is calculated at low temperatures assuming that the activation mechanism for electronic transitions from one localized state into another is interaction with phonons. The results obtained are compared with experimental data for one-dimensional disordered conductors.