bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Non-injured Leg Can Be Used as a Reference for the Injured Leg in Single-legged Hop Tests
Authors: Vereijken Astrid , van Trijffel Emiel , Aerts Inne , Tassignon Bruno , Verschueren Jo , Meeusen Romain
Published: August 2021

Background

Single-legged hop tests are frequently used in substantiating return to sport decisions following lower extremity injury. Evidence for using the non-injured leg as a reference for the injured leg in the return to sport decision-making at the criterion-based point of return to sport following lower extremity injury is lacking.

Purpose

To compare absolute values in single-legged hop tests between the non-injured leg of athletes returning to high-impact sports after lower extremity injury and the matched leg of healthy athletes.

Study Design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

One hundred and sixty-nine athletes returning to high-impact sports after lower extremity injury and 169 matched healthy athletes executed five single-legged hop tests. Differences between athletes returning to high-impact sports after lower extremity injury and matched healthy athletes on five single-legged hop tests were analyzed using paired t-tests.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between the non-injured leg of athletes returning to sport and the matched leg of healthy athletes. Effect sizes ranged from 0.05 to 0.14 indicating negligible effects.

Conclusion

Clinicians can use the non-injured leg as a reference for the injured leg in single-legged hop tests for deciding on return to high-impact sports after lower extremity injuries.

Level of Evidence

3b
Internalising and Externalising in Parents and Offspring: The Impact of Sex and Early Life Adversity
Authors:   , O'Neill-Murchison Emerald
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate associations between maternal and paternal externalising, experiences of early life adversity (ELA), internalising and externalising in adult offspring, and the role of sex. Using data collected in wave three of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) we utilised structural equation modelling to test a hypothesised moderated mediation model associating maternal and paternal externalising, and internalising and externalising in offspring, mediated by early life adversities and moderated by sex. Our study included a total of n=26,728 participants which were randomly split into two groups and analysed separately to test whether it was possible to replicate our own results. No direct association was demonstrated between maternal externalising or paternal externalising and internalising or externalising in offspring; experiences of ELA were associated only with internalising in offspring, but not with externalising; ELA was associated with maternal externalising and paternal externalising in females only. The relationship between paternal externalising and internalising in male offspring was mediated by ELA, as was the relationship between maternal externalising and internalising in male offspring. The relationship between parental externalising and internalising in females however was not mediated by ELA. Results did not provide support for the study’s hypotheses.
Research on the Practical Teaching of Data Structures and Algorithms Course
Authors: Chen Hongli , Zhang Li , Liu Bo , Liu Xudong
Published: August 2021

The success or failure of practical teaching in data structures and algorithms course determines the success or failure of the course group. The reform of practical teaching in this course takes the course group as the background and aims to meet the needs of students at different levels. It proposes a hierarchical practical teaching mode involving three levels in terms of foundation, design, and synthesis driven by cases throughout the whole course group and a fine process control mechanism based on multi-stage process assessment.
Knowledge Application and Improvement Ideas for In-service Social Work Professionals
Authors: Li Zhenxin
Published: August 2021

Social work professionals are an indispensable force for building a harmonious socialist society as well as strengthening and innovating social management. This article analyzed the salary, job satisfaction, and knowledge application of social work professionals in Nanjing (NJ) by means of a survey questionnaire and found that although most professional social workers are relatively satisfied with their jobs in addition to the effective application of their knowledge, a certain percentage of the respondents reported that the knowledge that they had learned at school were not consistent with the actual needs of work, which affected their income levels and job satisfactions. For this reason, it is suggested that a variety of measures should be taken to improve the quality of professional education of social work and enhance the competitiveness as well as the recognition of the social work profession.
Pengaruh Rasio Campuran Napthalene pada Premium terhadap Efisiensi Bahan Bakar dan Kinerja Mesin Sepeda Motor 4tak
Authors: Wibowo Fogot Endro , Fauzhia Rahmasari
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAKPemerintah Indonesia berharap kualitas baik dari gas buang kendaraan khususnya sepeda motor, diperlukan bahan bakar kualitas tinggi yaitu bahan bakar dengan nilai oktan tinggi.Â Napthalene adalah senyawa hidrokarbon dengan rumus kimia C10H16O. Struktur kimia yang mirip bensin, memiliki rantai lebih panjang membuat Napthalene diduga dapat meningkatkan nilai oktan bensin.Â Tujuan penelitianÂ yaituÂ menganalisis pengaruh rasio pencampuran Napthalene pada premium terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar (km/l) dan peningkatan kinerja pada mesin sepeda motorÂ bebekÂ jenisÂ manual 110 cc dan 115 cc.Â MetodenyaÂ adalahÂ eksperimen. Parameternya yaituÂ tingkat efisiensi konsumsi premium (km/l),Â peningkatan kinerja meliputiÂ torsi dan daya (Horse Power) pada motor jenisÂ tersebut.Rasio perbandinganÂ Napthalene dan premium yaitu 3 gram/l, 6 gram/l dan 9 gram/l.Â Hasil uji menunjukkan rasio pencampuran Napthalene pada premium sebanyakÂ 9 gram/lÂ merupakan yangÂ palingÂ berpengaruh terhadap tingkat efisiensi konsumsi premium dan kinerja mesinÂ pada kedua jenis motor tersebut.Â Aplikasi tersebut tentunya akan memperbaiki kualitasÂ gas buang.Kata kunciÂ :Â efisiensi, premium, naphthalene, nilai oktanÂ ABSTRACTThe Indonesian government hopes that the good quality of vehicle exhaust gases, especially motorcycles, requires high quality fuel, namely fuel with a high octane rating. Napthalene is a hydrocarbon compound with the chemical formula C10H16O. The chemical structure is similar to gasoline, having a longer chain makes Napthalene allegedly able to increase the octane value of gasoline. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of the Napthalene mixing ratio at premium on fuel consumption (km/l) and performance improvement on the 110 cc and 115 cc manual motorcycle engines. The method is experimental. The parameters are the level of premium consumption efficiency (km/l), increased performance including torque and power (Horse Power) on this type of motorcycles. The ratio of Napthalene and premium is 3 grams/l, 6 grams/l and 9 grams/l. The test results show that the Napthalene mixing ratio at premium as much as 9 grams/l is the most influential on the level of premium consumption efficiency and engine performance on both types of motorcycles. The application will certainly improve the quality of exhaust gas.Keywords:Â efficiency, premium, naphthalene, octane rating
Kesehatan Mental dan Perubahan Aktivitas-Perjalanan Saat Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia
Authors: Rizki Muhamad , Prasetyanto Dwi , Maulana Andrean
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAKPandemi COVID-19 telah secara signifikan mempengaruhi bagaimana kita menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari kita. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasiÂ dampak perubahan kesehatan mental kepadaÂ perubahan aktivitas dan perjalanan saat pandemi di Indonesia.Â Convenient sampling digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah sampel dan pengumpulan data dilakukan secaraÂ onlineÂ pada masa pandemi dengan kuesioner. Adapun metode regresi linear berganda digunakan untuk menganalisis data.Â Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa telah terjadinya perubahan aktivitas dan perjalanan akibat dari pandemi COVID-19.Â Tipe kesehatan mental seperti depresi dan bosan sangat berkaitan dengan penurunan pola perjalanan, sedangkan kelelahan berkaitan denganÂ berkurangnyaÂ kegiatanÂ berbasisÂ online. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa masyarakat berpendapatan tinggiÂ cenderungÂ memiliki akses lebih baik terhadapÂ platformÂ onlineÂ danÂ melakukan kegiatanÂ onlineÂ lebih banyak. Kelompok tersebutÂ jugaÂ cenderungÂ mengurangi perjalanan keluar tempat tinggal.Â Studi ini merekomendasikan pembenahan kualitas internet dan pembangunan fasilitas aktif (taman) dekat tempat tinggal untuk mengendalikan pandemi bersamaan dengan menjaga penurunan kesehatan mental.Kata kunci:Â COVID-19,Â Aktivitas,Â Perjalanan,Â Regresi linear bergandaÂ ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected how weÂ doÂ our daily lives. This study aims to investigateÂ the effect of emotional well-being to theÂ changes in activity and travel duringÂ COVID-19Â pandemic in Indonesia.Â Convenient sampling is used for dermine sampling size andÂ onlineÂ data collection was carried out during a pandemic using a questionnaire.Â Moreover, the multiple linear regression model is used for data analysis. It is foundÂ that there has been a change in activity and travel as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the analysis show that severalÂ issues related toÂ mental health, such as depression and boredom, are strongly associated withÂ the decrease of out-of-home activities, while fatigue is associated with aÂ lowerÂ ICT activities. This study also found that high-income people,Â whichÂ have higherÂ accessibility to ICT, tend to do moreÂ onlineÂ activities and also reduce theirÂ out-of-home activities during pandemic. This studyÂ proposeimproving the quality of the internet and building active facilities (parks) nearÂ residential locationÂ toÂ manageÂ the pandemic while maintaining a decline in mental health.Keywords:Â COVID-19,Â Activity, Travel,Â Multiple linear regression
Pengaruh Penggunaan Fly Ash dan Bottom Ash sebagai Cover dalam Pencegahan Pembentukan Air Asam Tambang Menggunakan Metode Free Draining Column Leach Test
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Nugraha Candra
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAKUpaya pencegahan pembentukan air asam tambang dapat dilakukan dengan metode dry cover yang dilakukan dengan menutup batuan yang berpotensi membentuk asamÂ (PAF)Â dengan batuan yang tidak berpotensi membentuk asamÂ (NAF).Â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan fly ash dan bottom ash sebagai NAF dalam mencegah pembentukan AAT dengan cara mengurangi kontak antara mineral sulfida dengan air dan oksigen.Â Metode Free Draining Column Leach Test digunakan untuk memprediksi pembentukan AAT yang terbentuk. Simulasi perbedaan perlakuan sampel digunakan dengan 2 variasi pelapisan sampel NAF dan 3 variasi pencampuran sampel NAF.Â Hasilsimulasi menunjukkanÂ bahwaÂ dengan variasi pelapisan sampel NAF didapatkan kualitas air yang lebih baik. Penggunaan variasi pelapisanmeningkatkan nilai pH, menurunkan nilai TDS serta DHL sebagai hasil oksidasi pirit didalam batuan.Â Untuk menunjang hasil analisis kualitas air, pengujianÂ statistika juga digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan dari variasi penggunaan fly ash dan bottom ash terhadap perubahan nilai pH, TDS dan DHL yangÂ dihasilkan.Â Kata kunciÂ : Fly ash, Bottom ash, pH, TDS, DHLÂ ABSTRACTAcid mine drainage prevention efforts can be carried out by the method of the dry cover which is done by closing the rock that is potentially acid forming (PAF) with theÂ non-potentially acid forming rockÂ (NAF). This study aims to determine the effect of the fly ash and bottom ash as NAF in preventing the formation of AMD byÂ reduceÂ contact between the sulfide mineralsÂ withÂ water and oxygen. The method of Free Draining Column Leach Test is used to predict the formation of AMDÂ formed. Simulated difference in sample treatment is used with 2 variations in the coating samples of NAF and 3 variations of the mixing a sample of NAF. The simulation results show that with the variation of the coating sample of NAF obtained better water quality. The use of variations of the coating increases pH value, lower the value of TDS as well as DHL as a result of oxidation of pyrite. To support the results of water quality analysis, the statisticsÂ testÂ is also used to determine the difference from the variation of the use of fly ash and bottom ash to change the pH value, TDS and DHL that is produced.Keywords: Fly ash, Bottom ash, pH, TDS, DHL
Pembuatan dan Pengujian Panel Honeycomb Sandwich dengan Inti Berbentuk Gelombang Berbahan Komposit Serat Bambu
Authors: Marsono Marsono , Hanifa Sarah Fauziyyah , Akbar Faizal
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAKDalam penelitian ini, komposit serat bambu dibuat menjadi panel struktur honeycomb sandwich dan diuji untuk mengukur kemungkinan pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan untuk membuat sudu turbin angin sumbu vertical. Honeycomb sanwich serat bambu yang dibuat memiliki inti (core) yang berbentuk gelombang sinus pada arah memanjang panel. Sebagai pengikat pada komposit ini digunakan resin polyester. Panel honeycomb sandwich yang dibuat memiliki panjang 500mm dan lebar 200mm, sedangkan tebal panel dibuat denganÂ Â dua variasi, yaitu dengan tinggi inti honeycomb 12mm danÂ Â 17mm. Panel honeycomb sandwich ini diuji dengan uji bending untuk mendapatkan angka kekuatan lentur (flexural strength) dan angka kekakuan (stiffness). Dari tiga panel yang dibuat identik untuk masih-masing ketinggian inti honeycomb, diperoleh angka kekuatan lentur dan kekakuan terbesar pada panel dengan ketinggian inti honeycomb17mm, yaitu dengan angka kekuatan lentur 0,91kg/mm2Â dan angka kekakuan 11,35kg/mmKata kunci: honeycomb sandwich, komposit serat bambu,gelombang sinus,kekuatan lentur,Â kekakuan.Â Â ABSTRACTIn this research, bamboo fiber composite are made into honeycomb sandwich structure panel and to be tested for its ability as a material for vertical axis wind turbine blades. Bamboo fiber honeycomb sandwich had a sinusoidal-shaped core in the longitudinal direction of the panel. Polyester resin was used as a binder on this composite. The honeycomb panels that have been made have a length of 500mm and a width of 200mm. The thickness of the panels was made of two variations, which was has 12mm and 17mm honeycomb core-height. The honeycomb sandwich panel was tested by bending test to obtain flexural strength and stiffness. From the three panels that have been made in identical dimension for each honeycomb core-height, the highest flexural strength and stiffness was obtained in the specimen with the honeycomb core-height of 17mm, with a flexural strength of 0,91kg/mm2Â and astiffness of 11,35kg/mm.Â Keywords:Â honeycomb sandwich,Â bamboo fiber composite,Â sinusoidal wave,Â Â flexurall strength,Â stiffness.
Sumberdaya Alam Lithium Indonesia
Authors: Salafudin Salafudin
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAKLithium adalah salah satu mineral yang mempunyai permintaan yang paling tinggi dalam Revolusi Industri Keempat. Indonesia yang kekayaan alam nikelnya besar, ingin menjadi negara penghasil baterai. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan investigasi sumber bahan baku utama lainnya dalam produksi baterai. Sumber daya bahan baku utama baterai adalah Lithium. Penyelidikan litium sebagai sumber bahan baku di Indonesia telah dilakukan melalui tinjauan pustaka. Sumber daya alam litium ditemukan di air laut, Brine, mineral, dan tanah liat. Endapan yang mengandung Mineral Lithium terdapat di beberapa tempat di Indonesia dalam jumlah dan konsentrasi yang kecil. Sebagai negara yang dilalui cincin api, Indonesia memiliki banyak mata air panas dan Brine yang mengandung Lithium. Tanah liat yang mengandung litium ditemukan dalam bentuk slurry (brine dan lumpur tanah liat), seperti pada lumpur Bleduk Kuwu dan lumpur Sidoharjo. Bittern sebagai limbah industri garam memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber Lithium di IndonesiaKata kunci: Lithium, Sumber Air Panas, Brine, Clay, BitternÂ Â Â ABSTRACTLithium is one of most demanding minerals in TheÂ Fourth Industrial Revolution. Indonesia whose large Nickel natural resources, wants to become a battery producing country. Therefore an investigation of other main raw material sources in battery production is needed. The main raw material resource for batteries is Lithium. The investigation of lithium as raw material resource in Indonesia has been carried out through a literature review. Lithium natural resources are found in sea water, Brine, minerals, and clay. Mineral Lithium containing deposits are found in several places in Indonesia in small amounts and concentrations. As a country through which the ring of fire passes, Indonesia has a lot of hot spring water and Brine containing Lithium. Clay containing lithium is found in the form of slurry ( brine and clay mud), such as in the Bleduk Kuwu mud and the Sidoharjo mud. Bittern as a waste of salt industries has great potential to be developed as a source of Lithium in IndonesiaKeywords: Lithium, Hot Spring Water, Brine, Clay, BitternÂ Â
Pemodelan Karakteristik Pengeringan dan Analisis Perpindahan Panas pada Pengeringan Kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.)
Authors: Sitompul Devin , Malinda Deviana , . Salafudin
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAKKentang merupakan salah satu jenis bahan makanan yang yang mempunyai kadar air tinggi. Karena itu kentang mudah rusak di suhu ruang dan menyebabkan kerugian yang besar sehingga dilakukan pengeringan. Penelitian ini untuk menentukan model karakteristik pengeringan secara empiris dan fundamental. Model karakteristik pengeringan digunakan untuk menjelaskan proses pengeringan pada bahan agar mengetahui nilai moisture ratio, analisis perpindahan panas dan dapat memodelkan ke jenis alat pengeringan lainnya. Pada penelitian ini hasil menunjukan model pengeringan lapis tipis midilli paling baik akurasinya dengan data eksperimenÂ Â pengeringan Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.). Adapun pada hasil analisis pemodelan secara fundamental dapat memodelkan ke jenis alat pengering lainnya pada kondisi yang sama pada data eksperimen yaitu dengan sistemÂ closedloopÂ Â Â dengan menggunakan adsorbent berupa silica gel. Pada pemodelan ini waktu yang dibutuhkan selama pengeringan lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan alat yang digunakan pada eksperimen dengan tray dryer.Â Kata kunci:Â Pengeringan,Â Solanum tuberosum L., Model matematika pengeringan lapis tipis, sistemÂ closedloop, adsorbentÂ ABSTRACTPotatoes are a type of food that has a high water content. Because of this, potatoes are easily damaged at room temperature and cause large losses so as to reduce the losses done drying. This study is to determine the model of drying characteristics empirically and fundamentally. The model of drying characteristics is used to explain the drying process in the material to know the moisture ratio value, heat transfer analysis and can model to other types of drying tools. In this study the results showed a thin layer drying midilli model best accuracy with data experiment drying Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)As for the results of the modeling analysis are fundamentally able to model all kinds of other dryer on the same conditions on the experimental data, namely the system by using an adsorbent suchÂ closedloopÂ Â Â silica gel. In this type of drying using adsorbent, the time required for drying is faster than the tool used in the experiment with the tray dryer.Keywords: drying, solanun tuberosum L., mathematical model of thin layer drying, closedloop system, adsorbent
Social Story untuk Menurunkan Perilaku Agresif Anak dengan Retardasi Mental
Authors: Solichah Novia
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas social story untuk mengurangi perilaku agresif pada anak dengan retardasi mental. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen yang berbentuk single subject research dengan desain grafik A-B-A’. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang anak dengan retardasi mental ringan (WISC, IQ: 69), berjenis kelamin perempuan di sebuah Sekolah Dasar. Subjek memiliki kecenderungan  perilaku agresif,. Subjek kesulitan untuk memulai berinteraksi dengan orang lain dengan guru maupun teman, subjek sering menendang, memukul, dan menggigit orang lain pada saat subjek berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Data diukur menggunakan frekuensi untuk melihat berapa kali subjek melakukan tindakan memukul, menendang, dan menggigit orang lain. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi langsung. Secara kuantitatif, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi yang dilakukan mampu menurunkan perilaku memukul, menendang, menggigit. Setelah intervensi, subjek menunjukkan perubahan yang positif dalam perilakunya. Dengan kata lain, social story mampu menurunkan perilaku agresif anak dengan retardasi mental.
Hubungan Kontrol Diri dan Kesepian dengan Nomophobia pada Remaja
Authors: Fathoni Achmad , Asiyah Siti Nur
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara kontrol diri dan kesepian dengan nomophobia pada remaja. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. jumlah responden adalah 346 siswa/siswi di SMK Negeri 12 Surabaya, SMA Negeri 22 Surabaya, dan MAN Kota Surabaya. Skala yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada tiga, yaitu skala kontrol diri yang didasarkan pada aspek-aspek konrtol diri menurut teori Tangney, (2004), dan skala kesepian yang disusun dari aspek-aspek menurut Perlman & Peplau, (1981) yang diadopsi dari Muhammad Abdul Jalil Jauhar, (2019), sedangkan penyusunan skala nomophobia didasarkan pada skala NMP-Q (Nomophobia Questionnair) dari Yildrim, (2014) yang diadopsi dari Nadya Atikah Putri, (2019). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan proses SPSS 16.0 for windows. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara kontrol diri dan kesepian dengan nomophobia pada remaja di di SMK Negeri 12 Surabaya, SMA Negeri 22 Surabaya, dan MAN Kota Surabaya dengan uji hipotesis korelasi parsial antara kontrol diri dengan nomophobia sejumlah 0.137 sedangkan signifikansi memiliki nilai sejumlah 0,006, yang artinya terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara nomophobia dengan kontrol diri pada remaja, kemudian pada variabel kesepian dengan nomophobia mempunyai nilai korelasi sejumlah 0,288 dan nilai signifikansi sejumlah 0,000, yang artinya terdapat hubungan positiif signifikan antara nomophobia dengan kesepian pada remaja. Pada uji korelasi regresi simultan diketahui F-hitung dengan nilai 23.572 dan nilai F tabel sejumlah 3,022. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh hubungan signifikan antara Kontrol Diri dan Kesepian dengan nomophobia pada remaja. Sumbangan efektif yang diberikan dari variabel kontrol diri sebesar 2,7%. Sedangkan sumbangan efektif variabel kesepian sebesar 9,4%. Kedua variabel ini memberikan sumbangan efektif, namun sumbangan efektif yang diberikan oleh variabel kesepian lebih banyak dari pada kontrol diri. Selebihnya itu variabel nomophobia dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor lain yang tidak diungkap pada penelitian ini.
Analysis of Legal and Regulatory Frameworks in Digital Health: A Comparison of Guidelines and Approaches in the European Union and United States
Authors: Fernandes Fara Aninha , Chaltikyan Georgi V
Published: August 2021

The advent of digital technology in healthcare presents opportunities for the improvement of healthcare systems around the world and the move towards value-based treatment. However, this move must be accompanied by strong legal and regulatory frameworks that will not only facilitate but encourage the good use of technology. The goal of the study was to assess the amenability and furtherance of regulatory frameworks in digital health by evaluating and comparing the processes, effectiveness and outcomes of these frameworks in the European Union and United States. Methods: This study incorporated two research methodologies. The first was a research of current legal and regulatory frameworks in digital health in the European Union and United States. A comprehensive online search for publications was carried out which included laws, regulations, policies, green papers, guidelines and recommendations. This research was complemented with interviews of five purposively sampled key informants in the legal and regulatory landscape. Results: Mind-maps revealed key features and challenges of the digital health field in the topics of the current state of regulation of digital health in the EU, Germany and US, regulatory pathways for digital health devices, protection and privacy of health data, mobile health validation, risk-based classification of medical devices, regulation of clinical decision support systems, telemedicine, artificial intelligence and emerging technologies, reimbursement for digital health services and liability for digital health products. The experts expressed and explained key points where current regulation is deficient. The review of the legal frameworks revealed deficiencies which provide opportunities and recommendations to further develop and strengthen the regulatory landscape. Conclusions: A key element to a robust regulatory framework is the ability to ensure trust and confidence in using digital health technology. Technology must measure the impact on quality of life and burden of disease and not merely involve the collection of data.
Scaling up the Big Health Data Ecosystem: Engaging all Stakeholders!
Authors: Kalra Dipak
Published: August 2021

There is now an urgent need to scale up our collective capability to learn insights from health data, to improve patient care pathways and health services, to ensure that public health measures and strategies are underpinned by real time evidence, and to accelerate research such as the development of drugs, vaccines and AI algorithms. Europe is investing within and across countries in research infrastructures to enable this scaling up, most frequently through federated architectures. The latest development is the plan from the European Commission to create a European Health Data Space. However, any architecture to combine data or to run distributed queries is critically dependent upon the data being held or mapped to a standardised form (structurally and semantically). Standards exist to achieve this, although more stakeholder engagement is needed in defining practical clinical models and value sets, but the real adoption of interoperability is disappointing and needs further incentivisation and investment. Data quality is another concern that can only be improved if there is awareness that this is important, a willingness to invest and a recognition that many stakeholders need to become motivated to improve quality. Scaling up the uses of data also means involving new actors such as industry. Societal trust is a vital prerequisite for enabling novel uses of data. Transparency is a critical success factor for trust. Data access governance rules must be developed through open public consultation. The bodies who make access decisions must publish information about the data accesses they have permitted. For the public to be on board they have to understand much more than most people do about the nature of health data, how it can be used for the benefit of society and what safeguards protect them when the data are used.
Telehealth Nursing Research: Adding to the Evidence-base for Healthcare
Authors: Bartz Claudia C
Published: August 2021

This paper reviews recent, nurse-led telehealth research with the goal of describing research findings that provide evidence for practice. Methods: Using an iterative search method, of eight electronic databases, 84 nurse-led research papers were separated into intervention research, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and descriptive research. The main emphasis was on full text analysis of the intervention research. Results: Fifteen intervention research papers reported findings related to cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, older age, young adults, early adolescents, children with special health care needs, people with a stoma, post-partum mothers and nurses. Also reviewed for useable evidence for practice were 10 systematic reviews, two meta-analyses and two papers that described reviews plus meta-analyses. Resuts: Fifty-five papers with descriptive designs are briefly described. Nurse-led intervention research is increasing knowledge about the use of telehealth technology and applications in care delivery. People with healthcare needs do better with individual attention and increased follow-up. People have a tolerance for technology used with them to advance their quality of life and healing but there is a point at which too much technology is overwhelming. Clinical research is a challenge due to the number of extraneous variables that are difficult to control and that can affect a person’s response to the research intervention. Conclusion: Continuation of nurse-led telehealth intervention research will help to ensure that technology used to support and advance care delivery will be evidence-based.
Remote Medical Education in Indonesia: Analysis of 10 Years of Activities
Authors: Shimizu Shuji , Tomimatsu Shunta , Kudo Kuriko , Ueda Shintaro , Kekalih Aria , Makmun Dadang , Estiasari Riwanti , Oki Aqsa Sjuhada , Moriyama Tomohiko
Published: August 2021

Introduction: With ongoing development of technology, and especially amid the current COVID-19 pandemic, there is rapidly increasing need for remote communications, including in the field of medical education. This study aimed to evaluate our telemedicine activities between Japan and Indonesia. Methods: We retrospectively analysed the data acquired for the period 2010–2019 inclusive, looking at number of programmes, content, participating sites, and videoconferencing systems. We also digitally sent questionnaires to attendees to request their evaluation of image quality and programmes. Results: There were a total 135 programmes, with 29 participating institutions in Indonesia. The number of programmes increased rapidly in 2017, following a rapid increase of participating sites in 2016. Programmes included endoscopy (50 programmes, 37%), neurology (25, 19%), and dentistry (12, 9%). Between 5 and 10 sites connected with 81 programmes (60% of all), and more than 10 sites with 33 (24%). The most commonly used videoconferencing system was Vidyo (108, 80%), followed by Zoom (15, 11%). Participating institutions were located among 19 cities on the five major islands. Image quality received a favourable evaluation from 98% (504/516) of questionnaire respondents, with 100% (400/400) holding a favourable view of the programmes. Conclusion: Remote medical education expanded in Indonesia in the 10 years under review. This expansion is expected to continue to foster more specialists and it is anticipated to improve medical care nationwide.
Telemedicine Pre and Post Covid-19: Lessons for Commercialisation Based on Previous Use Cases
Authors: Ferenczi George (Gyoergy) , Mahmood Abdun Naser , Bergmann Ralf Konrad
Published: August 2021

Telemedicine used to be slow, difficult, expensive and widely neglected by doctors and patients. COVID-19 changed everything; telemedicine is entering a period of rapid economic and business growth. This paper discusses the reasons for change in telemedicine over the last 20 years, through real-life medical technology projects, telemetry, ehealth and health IT. Our methods are based on the analysis of telemedicine projects we have implemented and characteristic historical data.  The results of our investigation demonstrate a clear increase of significance in telemedicine in the present and near future. We envision the evolution of mobile phones to personal telehealth monitors.  Prior to COVID-19, market penetration and economic factors of telemedicine evolved slowly and in an uneven manner on a global scale. Many of the projects remained active only as long as the grant or corporate or national support was provided. The age of novel globally spreading infectious diseases, exemplified by COVID-19, has created an unusual, different setting. Recent pandemics and epidemics have changed global economics significantly and generated a new motivation and a new market with a projected trillion-dollar market value. Post COVID-19, regular and periodic epidemics and pandemics are expected to continue to occur. This will generate an enormous global market for isolated high-tech services, including telemedicine and telemetry.
TINJAUAN TEKNOLOGI INAKTIVASI VIRUS UNTUK PENANGGULANGAN PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Prayitno Joko , Darmawan Rahmania Admirasari , Susanto Joko Prayitno , Nugroho Rudi
Published: August 2021

Review of Virus Inactivation Technologies for Covid-19 Pandemic Control
SARS-CoV-2 virus inactivation is one of global concerns in alleviating the spread of Covid-19. The applications of virus inactivation technologies are mainly based on the knowledge of virus characteristics, its persistence on material surfaces, and environmental factors impairing its structure. Current virus inactivation methods are mostly employing chemicals dan physical treatments such as hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite solutions, and UV light. In this paper, we discuss three current virus inactivation technologies for reducing the spread of Covid-19, i.e., room disinfection, surface disinfection, and personal protective equipment (PPE) decontamination technology. Room disinfection technology, particularly room with poor ventilation or closed air circulation, employs the combination of UV light treatment with filters. Surface disinfection technologies utilize the spraying or fogging of disinfectant solutions, and PPE decontamination technologies utilize UV light or chemical treatments to inactivate the virus. Further development and application of these technologies will help the national effort in controlling the spread of Covid-19.
Inaktivasi virus SARS-CoV-2 merupakan salah satu upaya global untuk mengurangi penyebaran Covid-19. Aplikasi teknologi inaktivasi virus ini banyak bersandar pada pengetahuan mengenai karakteristik dan daya tahan virus ini pada permukaan benda dan hal-hal yang merusak struktur virus tersebut. Metode inaktivasi virus yang banyak digunakan adalah perlakuan dengan bahan kimia dan perlakuan secara fisik yaitu dengan menggunakan larutan disinfektan hidrogen peroksida, larutan hipoklorit dan sinar UV. Dalam tulisan ini, peluang aplikasi teknologi inaktivasi virus SARS-CoV-2 yang dibahas adalah teknologi disinfeksi ruangan, disinfeksi permukaan benda dan dekontaminasi alat pelindung diri. Teknologi disinfeksi ruangan khususnya pada ruangan tertutup dengan ventilasi yang kurang baik atau resirkulasi udara tertutup adalah dengan menggunakan kombinasi perlakuan sinar UV dengan filter. Teknologi disinfeksi permukaan benda menggunakan teknik penyemprotan atau pengkabutan larutan disinfektan, sedangkan teknologi dekontaminasi alat pelindung diri dilakukan dengan perlakuan sinar UV atau dengan bahan kimia. Pengembangan dan aplikasi lanjut dari teknologi inaktivasi virus ini akan membantu upaya nasional dalam penanggulangan penyebaran Covid-19.
An Optimization Approach for a Fresh Food Supply Chain: An Application for the Orange Supply Chain Design in Turkey
Authors: GÜNER Gürkan Güven , UTKU Durdu Hakan
Published: August 2021

The optimization of supply chain problems in various industry areas is crucial in terms of controlling the quality of the products and costs during the supply chain processes. Protecting and controlling the quality of the product in the food supply chain processes while minimizing the cost is a difficult and critical problem in the food industry. In this study, an application of a model that integrates the quality of the food in decision-making on distribution and production in a food supply chain is implemented using real-life data in Turkey. The degradation of quality of products in storage or transportation is usually based on the storage temperature, storage time, and other constants such as activation energy. Therefore, prediction for the quality of food products is a complex task because of the dynamics of storage conditions and various product characteristics. A methodological approach is proposed to model the degradation of food quality in this study. The rate of quality degradation of food products is evaluated by the proposed approach. A mixed-integer programming model is developed for the optimization of distribution and production planning. To solve the problem, GAMS (General Algebraic Modeling System) CPLEX solver is used as an optimization tool. The results of the case study shows that the suggested model in this study is implementable to the problem with acceptable solution time. In addition, the suggested model is adaptable for different types of food supply chains. This study aims to develop a methodological approach that can be used as a guide for decision-makers.
Flipping it online: re-imagining teaching searching for knowledge syntheses
Authors: Fuller Kaitlin , Gray Mikaela , Bradley-Ridout Glyneva , Nekolaichuk Erica
Published: August 2021

Introduction: This program description outlines our approach to re-developing our 3-part series for graduate students on comprehensive searching for knowledge syntheses from in-person to online delivery using a flipped classroom model. The re-development coincided with our library’s response to COVID-19.

Description: This series followed a flipped classroom model where participants completed asynchronous modules built on Articulate Rise 360 before attending a synchronous session. Each week of content covered unique learning objectives. Pre- and post-survey evaluations were used to examine students’ understanding of the materials.

Outcomes: 152 unique participants registered for the series across two offerings in summer 2020. We observed high engagement with pre-work modules and active participation during synchronous sessions.

Discussion: We found the flipped classroom approach to work well for our users in an online environment. Moving forward, we intend to continue with our re-developed online workshop series with minor modifications, in addition to in-person instruction.
Analisis Pengaruh Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan terhadap Debit Sungai (Studi Kasus : Sub DAS Cikeas)
Authors: Dharma I Gede Aditya , Waspodo Roh Santoso Budi , Pandjaitan Nora
Published: August 2021

Land use change have an impact on infiltration capacity. There is often an annual flood on Kadumanggu District. When the rainfall is high so the river will be overflow. The outlet of Cikeas sub-basin was located on Kadumanggu District. This research aimed to determine the maximum discharge of the Cikeas River and analyze the relation between land use change and discharge of Cikeas River. The research was conducted by delineating the water catchment area, analyzing rainfall, making a land use map and modeling with HEC-HMS. Based on the modeling results, the maximum discharge of the Cikeas River in 2000 was 74.3 m3/s, in 2009 was 84.9 m3/s, and in 2018 was 91.7 m3/s. The catchment area with an extensive use as residential had a higher river discharge compared to the area with a large green area. It meaned that, land use changes greatly affected the river discharge.
THE BEHAVIOR OF URBAN COMMUNITIES IN PLANTING USEFUL PLANTS IN THE YARD DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Novriyanti Novriyanti , Iswandaru Dian , Damayanti Inggar
Published: August 2021

Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic that forces restrictions on movement between people is thought to impact the utilization of yards in urban areas positively. However, there is not much information about yard management practices, including plant species managed by urban communities. In the framework of biodiversity conservation, this research aims to explore the variety of plant species planted in the yards, the area of ​​managed yards, and the planting motivation of the urban community, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted from May to August 2020 using an online questionnaire (Google Form), and direct interviews with target respondents consisted of communities spread across two major cities in Lampung Province, i.e. Metro City and Bandar Lampung City. The research findings showed that only 8% of respondents planted various useful plant species during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the rest of them planted long before the pandemic occurred. The plant groups that the respondents commonly owned were ornamental plants (70%), while 30% of the existing species were medicinal plants and spices. The motivations included enjoying the yield (herbs and medicine), filling the spare time, enjoy gardening and love plants, making the house beautiful and cool, and even planting it for sale. Of the five planting goals or motivations of the urban community, the motivation to enjoy the yield was the highest, followed by the desire to have a beautiful yard and enjoy gardening. This condition is believed to continue to exist even though modernization is expanding. 

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, ethnobotany, ornamental plants, residential landscape, useful plants
La seguridad humana en Costa Rica y Ecuador: los debates y la difusión
Authors: Molina Romo David
Published: August 2021

RESEÑA DEL LIBROColmenares Zapata, Alexis (2021) La seguridad humana en Costa Rica y Ecuador: los debates y la difusión. Quito: FLACSO Ecuador. https://doi.org/10.46546/2021-12atrio
Spot electoral: estrategia de visualización de candidatos en las campañas políticas
Authors: Lozano García Mario Alexander
Published: August 2021

El spot electoral lo describen como “formato comunicacional comprimido, el principal espacio de comunicación audiovisual entre el electorado y los partidos políticos”, este viene cargado de técnicas persuasivas de mercadeo político que busca generar cierta capacidad de influencia (negativa o positiva) sobre el electorado. La pieza publicitaria también ha sido definida por estudiosos de la comunicación política como la videopolítica.
El presente artículo muestra el uso del spot en las campañas electorales, desde algunas piezas de candidatos a la presidencia en Colombia, durante los años noventa e inicios del nuevo milenio, asimismo contrincantes al Congreso colombiano 2014, especialmente en el departamento de Boyacá. También en el proceso electivo al Congreso de la República 2018, allí los aspirantes por Boyacá consolidan el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación-Tic para lograr la visualización de sus spots. Algunos elementos teóricos desarrollados obedecen a los términos ecosistema mediático electoral; las historias que logran ser contadas en los videos, basadas en siete códigos comunicativos: lenguaje lingüístico; lenguaje kinésico; lenguaje proxémico; lenguaje iridológico; lenguaje fisiológico; moda; y valores no verbales voz. El trabajo es producto del proyecto finalizado Comportamiento electoral en Boyacá 2018: desde las contiendas Congreso de la República y Presidencial, el cual analizó el comportamiento electoral en Boyacá, desde las contiendas Congreso de la República y Presidencial.
Ethnobotanical Survey of Two Medicinal Plants (Heliotropium indicum L., Abrus precatorius L.,) Used in Traditional Medicine in West Africa
Authors: Badé Farid T. , Dah-Nouvlessounon Durand , Haziz Sina , Hama Cissé , Kelomey Aude , Sylvestre Assogba , Roko Oladélé Gautier , Adolphe Adjanohoun , Aly Savadogo , Lamine Baba-Moussa
Published: August 2021

Since the time of our ancestors, natural products issued from plant play a therapeutic crucial role. About 25-30% of all medicines (drugs) available for the treatment of diseases are derived from natural products (from plants, animals, bacteria and fungi) or are derivatives of natural products. The aim of this research was to scientifically identify and supply tangible documentation on these two plants employed in the traditional medicine. From November 2020 to February 2021, an ethnobotanical survey was conducted within four markets at the south of Benin, employing a semistructured questionnaire. Two hundred respondents including 80% of females and 20% of males were interviewed. The 2 studied plants are mainly used for different types of sickness related to infections. Females’ herbalists are the most represented. From this research, it appears that the 2 plants are widely used for the treatment of severe infections. On the market, 95% of the leafy steam are sold against 5% of the roots for both plants. The main preparation way is decoction. Oral use is reported to be common in all region. The value of samples sold varies from 200F CFA (Financial Cooperation of Africa) to 1000F CFA. The decoctions are usually obtained through one of a mix of different types of plants. Traditional knowledge is transmitted from one generation to another by oral education. Till today there was no record found. During our study, we did no record prohibition or side effect related to these plants’ use. These medicinal plants occupy a crucial place within the therapeutic arsenal of west Africa. Our results constitute a vital tool to determine the true potentials of these plants. These results could lead to new improved traditional medicine.
Analysis of Ecotourism, Culture and Local Community Empowerment: Case Study of Wasur National Park - Indonesia
Authors: Phoek Inez Cara Alexander , Tjilen Alexander Phuk , Cahyono Edi
Published: August 2021

The focus of this research lies in community empowerment based on culture and local communities as well as sustainable ecotourism, which is directed at a complicated mechanism of empowerment elements, local culture that is thick in ecotourism to get added value for the novelty of ecotourism research. The object of research is Wasur National Park (WNP), Papua, Indonesia. Qualitative methods have been used to obtain accurate data and information, i.e., in-depth interviews with indigenous people to find out the benefits or functions of their culture that can be developed in ecotourism, interviews with leaders and staff of WNP and the Department of Culture and Tourism to find out the potential and processes empowerment and existing tourism potential. As a result, from the perspective of empowerment, local people will easily follow the empowerment process provided that they use methods that are culturally appropriate which is from the viewpoints from the culture of sasi, totem and sacred places. The culture adopted by the community is in accordance with the principles of ecotourism that supports sustainability, environmental conservation, protection of environmental resources and increases economic value. However, it is recommended to carry out modified socialization in accordance with the current conditions. Hence, tourists who visit WNP do not become afraid of the very rigid sanctions which are applied to them who violate the existing cultural and environmental customs. Moreover, to get added economic value in the tourism business within WNP, it is necessary to explore the potential of cultural wealth, natural and biological wealth so that it becomes the main attraction in carrying out the economic empowerment of local communities in the field of ecotourism.