bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Local Approaches and Inclusive Peacebuilding in South Sudan
Authors: Liaga Emmaculate Asige
Published: October 2021

The post-liberation peacebuilding in South Sudan, which largely drew from liberal peace theory, was employed between 2005 (after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and before the referendum, secession, and independence in 2011) and December 2013 (when it imploded into a civil conflict) and proved insufficient to sustain the fragile peace that briefly existed after the country’s secession from Sudan. After a protracted conflict lasting almost half a decade and the presence of multiple peace actors, the lack of a comprehensive and coordinated peacebuilding strategy proved detrimental. This failure is partly due to poor coordination between stakeholders and lack of local/domestic legitimacy, leading to insufficient peacebuilding and an aggravation of the 2013 conflict. Over the years, liberal peacebuilding strategies, which emphasize formal institution-building and statebuilding in fragile and conflict-affected environments, continue to produce mixed to poor results and fragile peace. This decline has resulted in the shifting of discourses and operations within peacebuilding, a paradigm shift that pays greater attention to localization and the local context in the conceptualization of peacebuilding objectives and strategies. This transformation promotes local ownership and inclusivity in peace processes and their dividends. The dialogue on inclusive peace has thus gained momentum, bearing a need to fully engage both states and societies in this process. The “local” in peacebuilding forms an important resource when solving root causes of conflicts, as in South Sudan, by improving awareness of the cultural and historical diversity in a given context.
New archidermapteran earwigs (Dermaptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Xiong Shurong , Engel Michael S. , Xiao Lifang , Ren Dong
Published: October 2021

Two new species of Archidermaptera are described and figured from the Middle Jurassic Jiulonghsan Formation of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. Aneuroderma oiodesgen. & sp. nov. is described in the family Protodiplatyidae and Sinopalaeodermata concavumsp. nov. is established in the family Dermapteridae. Both new species share the typical characters of the extinct suborder Archidermaptera (e.g., pentamerous metatarsi, filiform and multimerous cerci, externalized ovipositor). Aneurodermagen. nov. is compared with other genera of the Protodiplatyidae, while S. concavumsp. nov. allows us to emend the diagnosis of the genus Sinopalaeodermata. We briefly discuss the diversity of Archidermaptera and challenges to understanding relationships among this mid-Mesozoic diversity.
La naissance de la fasciathérapie telle que je l’ai vécue
Authors: Moulin Bernard
Published: October 2021

La fasciathérapie est née dans les années 1980, mais sa version actuelle a mis des années à se déployer. Ayant eu la chance d’être formé dès le début par le créateur de cette méthode, Danis Bois, et d’être l’un des premiers enseignants formés par lui, j’ai participé à l’évolution de cette pratique que je me propose de partager à ma façon.
La Recherche et l’Innovation en France
Authors: Bouquin Nadège , Mérindol Valérie , Versailles David W.
Published: October 2021

Depuis quelques années, on assiste à la multiplication de ce qui sera défini dans ce chapitre comme des « open labs », au-delà de la diversité des intitulés existants. Ces dispositifs, qui associent généralement un lieu et une démarche, peuvent être créés par des acteurs très divers (entreprises, universités, écoles, collectivités locales, associations, institutions culturelles, hôpitaux, entrepreneurs individuels…). Leur objectif est de contribuer au renouvellement des modalités d’innovation et de création par la mise en œuvre de processus collaboratifs et itératifs, ouverts et donnant lieu à une matérialisation physique ou virtuelle. Dans un premier temps, le chapitre précise ce qui a été regroupé sous l’appellation « open labs » et en décrit quelques types : Fablabs et Techshops ; Living Labs ; Innovation labs (aux dénominations variées : Ideas labs, Creative labs…) ; makerspaces/hackerspaces. Dans un deuxième temps, il étudie une dizaine d’open labs créés par de grandes entreprises. Trois logiques types de positionnement par rapport à l’entreprise mère sont identifiées : logique intra-entrepreneuriale, logique de service interne d’innovation (contribution à l’innovation de l’entreprise), logique « makers » (au service des projets des salariés). Après une description des modalités d’organisation et de fonctionnement des open labs en fonction de leur logique de positionnement, un outil de caractérisation et d’aide à la décision est proposé aux acteurs engagés dans un projet d’open lab. Enfin, le chapitre esquisse un bilan de la « valeur ajoutée » et du pouvoir de transformation des open labs aujourd’hui.
On Estimating Population Means of Two-Sensitive Variables With Ranked Set Sampling Design
Authors: Moreno Agustin Santiago , Ul Islam Rather Khalid
Published: October 2021

In this chapter, the authors consider the problem of estimating the population means of two sensitive variables by making use ranked set sampling. The final estimators are unbiased and the variance expressions that they derive show that ranked set sampling is more efficient than simple random sampling. A convex combination of the variance expressions of the resultant estimators is minimized in order to suggest optimal sample sizes for both sampling schemes. The relative efficiency of the proposed estimators is then compared to the corresponding estimators for simple random sampling based on simulation study and real data applications. SAS codes utilized in the simulation to collect the empirical evidence and application are included.
A Review of Bootstrap Methods in Ranked Set Sampling
Authors: Chatterjee Arpita , Ghosh Santu
Published: October 2021

This chapter provides a brief review of the existing resampling methods for RSS and its implementation to construct a bootstrap confidence interval for the mean parameter. The authors present a brief comparison of these existing methods in terms of their flexibility and consistency. To construct the bootstrap confidence interval, three methods are adopted, namely, bootstrap percentile method, bias-corrected and accelerated method, and method based on monotone transformation along with normal approximation. Usually, for the second method, the accelerated constant is computed by employing the jackknife method. The authors discuss an analytical expression for the accelerated constant, which results in reducing the computational burden of this bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap method. The usefulness of the proposed methods is further illustrated by analyzing real-life data on shrubs.
Fuzzy-Weighted Ranked Set Sampling Method
Authors: Cetintav Bekir , Gürler Selma , Demirel Neslihan
Published: October 2021

Sampling method plays an important role for data collection in a scientific research. Ranked set sampling (RSS), which was first introduced by McIntyre, is an advanced method to obtain data for getting information and inference about the population of interest. The main impact of RSS is to use the ranking information of the units in the sampling mechanism. Even though most of theoretical inferences are made based on exact measurement of the variable of interest, the ranking process is done with an expert judgment or concomitant variable (without exact measurement) in practice. Because of the ambiguity in discriminating the rank of one unit with another, ranking the units could not be perfect, and it may cause uncertainty. There are some studies focused on the modeling of this uncertainty with a probabilistic perspective in the literature. In this chapter, another perspective, a fuzzy-set-inspired approach, for the uncertainty in the ranking mechanism of RSS is introduced.
Critical Pedagogy and Place
Authors: Fine Hunter
Published: October 2021

To address potential processes of reconciliation and examine colonial and settler colonial situations, this chapter draws upon the author's role as a professor at the University of Guam within the larger Western-dominant space of academe and as an apprentice to Austronesian seafaring directly connected to cultural networks in the Marianas, Micronesia, and Oceania. They suggest that decolonization and its closely associated processes of demilitarizing involves an ontological shift through which the knowledge, testimonies, and insights of Indigenous populations are actualized in transformation-based practices of critical pedagogy. This chapter highlights ways to approach contemporary learning situations as every form of institutional learning occurs within the classroom setting and the social historical geography of the region. Ultimately, they construct an example of what critical Indigenous performance pedagogy might look like.
Maximizing Learning to Meeting the Multicultural Learner
Authors: Leon Guerrero Genevieve
Published: October 2021

Mindfulness training might be the single easiest and cost-effective school effort to implement to support students. In a diverse environment like those found in schools on the island of Guam, combining multicultural education and mindfulness training could provide an effective and low-cost means to improve student outcomes. An agenda is proposed for a two-day professional development session incorporating mindfulness and multicultural offerings of community-centered literacy projects such as book clubs, virtual museums, library projects, and home-based literacy strategies using the sociolinguistic framework.
Nanomedicine and Healthcare Systems
Authors: Bindra Harsimran Singh , Singh Brajeshwar
Published: October 2021

The chapter presents an outlook on the recent techniques of developing nanoscale medicines. With advancement in technology, nanoscale therapeutics is slowly becoming the future of medicine and smart diagnostics. The combined activity of therapeutic agents with assistance of nanomaterials have proved effective in troubleshooting the issues concerned with the conventional therapeutic techniques. Despite of these benefits, improvement in certain issues like side effects and toxicity needs to be studied extensively before real-time application in biological systems. Thus, in this chapter, emphasis has been made on understanding the concept of a nanomaterial-based therapeutic system with recent advances and exploration of the characteristics of nanomaterials which would allow us to further develop strategies that are supportive towards effective treatment and disease diagnosis.
Electrospun Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications
Authors: Pant Bishweshwar , Park Mira
Published: October 2021

Nanofiber systems with various composition and biological properties have been extensively studied for various biomedical applications. The electrospinning process has been regarded as one of the versatile techniques to prepare nano to microfibers. The electrospun nanofibers are being used especially in textile industries, sensors, filters, protective clothing, energy storage materials, and biomedical applications. In the last decade, electrospun nanofibers have been highly investigated for drug delivery systems to achieve a therapeutic effect in specifically targeted sites. Various drugs or biomolecules can be easily loaded into the electrospun nanofibers by direct or indirect methods. The proper selection of polymers (or blends of various polymers), drugs, solvents to prepare the composite nanofibers with desired morphology are the tools in enhancing the bioavailability, stability, and bioactivity of drugs.
Phytochemicals and Novel Nanotherapeutic Approaches in the Management of Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Shah Ashfaq Ahmad , Gupta Amit
Published: October 2021

Over 100 types of arthritis have been recognized in which the dominating forms are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Joint stiffness, pain, swelling, lowered range of motion of joints affected, redness around joints are the main complications of almost all types of arthritis. Medications like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants are only used to control the symptoms of the disease but are not able to alleviate them properly. However, with the incorporation of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) as well as tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in treatment, there are now promising therapeutic options to select from for the management of rheumatoid diseases. Nanotherapeutic approach has enabled us to deliver the disease-modifying agents directly to the inflammation site, thus eschewing off-target and unwanted systemic effects. Therefore, it provides an opportunity to reconsider the therapeutic compounds that were considered too toxic to be administrated via oral or parenteral route.
An Adverse Effect of Social, Gaming, and Entertainment Media on Overall Development of Adolescents
Authors: Kharade Sonali Sagar
Published: October 2021

Digital technology in general and social media in particular entail both positive as well as negative impacts on the psyche of the adolescents. The current generation of gen-z has grown up in a media-saturated world. However, it is pretty difficult to judge how media exactly influences their lives. It's commonly observed that social media platforms help saving time establishing contact with our acquaintances. The excessive use of it however leads to various negative repercussions. This may include cyber bullying, low self-esteem, gaming addiction, and less time devoted for doing physical activities. Playing indoor and outdoor games makes adolescents physically fit and mentally healthy. There are however various video games on social media gaming platforms that affect their creativity and logical thinking in an adverse manner. Negative consequences of video game addiction can lead to many problems such as severe body-ache, skin blisters, weakened eyesight, and insomnia. Long-term addiction could lead to obesity, weakness or numbness in the hands, and even blood clots.
Media and Parental Communication
Authors: Richards Melanie B.
Published: October 2021

Both popular media and scholarship have attributed adolescents' antisocial values and behaviors in part to media usage. Nevertheless, many scholars posit that media usage can be positive in certain contexts and that parent-child communication may abate negative media effects. An analysis of the educational longitudinal study data from 2002 to 2006 examines the effects both parent-child communication and various forms of media had on millennial teenagers' values development during a time of tremendous digital evolution. Results support that not all media was negative in effect on millennial value development and that parent-child communication may counteract some negative effects of media.
Empowering Adolescents Through Instilling Information Security Culture in Zimbabwean Schools
Authors: Ruvinga Trymore Z. , Tsokota Theo , Chipfumbu Kangara Colletor Tendeukai , Nyambuya Pamela T.
Published: October 2021

There is an excellent opportunity to ensure that information security culture (ISU) is embedded in school children before they are employed in the industry. However, for the majority of time spent in primary and secondary school education, pupils are alienated from supervised use of technology, making it difficult to teach pupils proper use of technology. Thus, there is no deliberate effort to empower and impart ISC to school pupils in Zimbabwe. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for instilling information security culture in secondary school pupils. Based on the literature, the first version of the framework was developed and subjected to a focus group for review. Data from this focus group was analysed, resulting in a second improved version of the framework. Consequently, it was shown that the framework was relevant, useful, and applicable within Zimbabwean settings.
Perceptual Difference Between Teens and Their Parents About Internet Usage
Authors: Pandey Suruchi , Tiwari Swati
Published: October 2021

This chapter is designed to interpret and understand the difference between parents and their children with reference to their usage of internet and its influence in their daily lives. Teenagers between the age of 13 and 16 are the most vulnerable and most prone to cyber bullying and other crimes. Children's effective use of internet relies heavily on the factors surrounding them that not only includes their parents but also their peer and school and neighbourhood. Parents believe that depriving their children of internet access or tools can stop them from accessing the web or restrict their skills and learning about social media. They do not believe that internet use affects family relations negatively. The chapter presents a study undertaken of parents and their children. This presents differences in perception and understanding of internet usage.
Effects of Digital Technologies on Zimbabwean Adolescent Lives During the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Chawarura Wilfreda I. , Zhou Munyaradzi , Matsika Cyncia , Zhou Tinashe Gwendolyn
Published: October 2021

The chapter focuses on the effects of using digital technology amongst Zimbabwean adolescents. The research was necessitated by the fact that adolescents are a vulnerable group still in the self-discovery age. COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the widespread use of digital learning to facilitate learning, communication, and social interaction among adolescents. Focus groups and interviews were used to gather data in primary schools. There is a disparity in technological device use and access to the internet between urban and rural areas dwellers. Ninety percent of students in rural areas did not have access to technological devices, and during the pandemic, they hardly used them for learning purposes but mostly used them for communicating with relatives. In Zimbabwe, digital technology devices have not yet replaced social relationships as most adolescents are restricted to 2-3 hours on their devices. A model for effective use of digital technologies in adolescents can be developed and implemented.
COVID-19
Authors: Rekha Gillala
Published: October 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the world closed all the educational institutions to control the spread of disease, which is creating a direct impact on students, educators, and institutions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception of academic stress experienced by students during current online education and coping strategies using emotional intelligence adopted by them. The study aims to conduct a timely assessment of the effects of stress due to COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of college students. The authors conducted interview surveys with 227 students at a private university in India to understand the effects of online education during pandemic on their mental health and well-being. The data were analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods. Of the 227 students, 71% indicated anxiety and stress due to ongoing pandemic.
Fake News Polarization for Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Visani Chirag , Sorathiya Vishal , Lavadiya Sunil
Published: October 2021

The popularity of the internet has increased the use of e-commerce websites and news channels. Fake news has been around for many years, and with the arrival of social media and modern-day news at its peak, easy access to e-platform and exponential growth of the knowledge available on social media networks has made it intricate to differentiate between right and wrong information, which has caused large effects on the offline society already. A crucial goal in improving the trustworthiness of data in online social networks is to spot fake news so the detection of spam news becomes important. For sentiment mining, the authors specialise in leveraging Facebook, Twitter, and Whatsapp, the most prominent microblogging platforms. They illustrate how to assemble a corpus automatically for sentiment analysis and opinion mining. They create a sentiment classifier using the corpus that can classify between fake, real, and neutral opinions in a document.
Are There Inclusive, Accessible Reference Tools for the Post-Pandemic Era?
Authors: Taher Mohamed
Published: October 2021

Attempts to integrate the twain (i.e., social justice [SJ] and civic engagement [CE]) are slowly emerging. This chapter critically explores the tools for inclusivity and engagement -- to facilitate developing digital literacies for an integrated program. Among the roles of LAM, such as, literacy, collaboration, outreach, advocacy, etc. this chapter deals with digital literacies -- the aim is to reduce the digital divide between haves and have-nots. The digital divide became most obvious during COVID-19, and therefore this dimension is the focus. The method adopted is a semi-automated strategy to support a rationale for analysis and validation of its findings. Strongly recommends the need to conduct COVID-19's impacted digital exclusion areas -- with due consideration for the work done at New Literacies Research Lab at the University of Connecticut. A combined quantitative and qualitative assessment will be required to remove the digital inequalities.. An innovative approach for data visualization is provided. It is a faceted technique developed by Dr. S R Ranganathan (viz., PMEST – personality, matter, energy, space, and time).
Digital Divide Among the Tribals of Kerala
Authors: A. V. Ramya
Published: October 2021

In the present society, the real apartheid is not between the racial or ethnic groups but between the ability to access and use the new modes and forms of information and communication technology. The gap between the ready availability of technology and those who do not have access to the computers and internet is called the digital divide. The society with high digital divide has social, financial, and political instability. The role of libraries as community information centers in rural and tribal regions will help to reduce the digital divide. The study identifies capacity building of rural people to make use of ICTs is crucial to solve the problem. This chapter focuses on the digital divide in the two tribal regions in Kerala, namely Kannavam and Thavainjal Panchayath, India. The quantitative comparative data of the factors affecting the digital divide, barriers for ICT access, the role of social media usage in reducing the digital divide in both the villages are quantitatively compared in this chapter.
Digital Ethics in Technology and Investments
Authors: Jain Ritesh
Published: October 2021

This chapter focuses on aspects of digital ethics in technology and investments and covers the background of the growing surface area of the technology and its concerns related to data; it provides an overview of the data-related challenges and their ethical uses by organizations and people. It also covers emerging technology like artificial intelligence and its impact on ethical challenges. It provides an overview of the potential ethical challenges of technology that investors should consider and focuses on the criticality of the framework requirement and its implementation within businesses to make the right decisions. The author lays out the view on ethics and regulations and why companies should commit to ethical practices for their growth.
A Novel Review on the Adaptation of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resources Management by Organizations in Gulf Countries
Authors: Bhanot Astha Ibrahim
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study is to understand the phenomenon of using artificial intelligence (AI) in human resources, especially in the gulf countries. This research effort provides a future perspective of using AI to better understand HR practitioners' attitudes and perspectives within multiple frameworks and the implications that technological advancements, in particular AI, have for the recruitment process. The study reveals that gulf countries will implement a vision (2030 vision) that will have a great opportunity to keep up with the digital transformation. It aims to investigate where AI can be implemented in the traditional recruitment process and possibly make the process more effective, as well as about what the implications would be of having AI within recruitment which leads to change in the composition of the workforce within organizations. It is urged that modern AI applications are an essential approach for organizations that work in an inconsistent environments.
Artificial Intelligence and Personalized Banking
Authors: Jaiwant Sunanda Vincent
Published: October 2021

AI has begun making its presence felt in every industry and now across the financial services industry as well. This chapter examines and presents the use of AI in banks for better customer service giving them a personalized experience. This chapter explains how banks are getting future-ready for their financial services by means of AI and are delivering financial offerings seamlessly. This research primarily focuses on the concept of AI in the field of banking, how AI has revolutionized personalized banking and made banking operations more efficient and successful. AI innovations are an integral part of Industry 5.0 which aims at integrating automation and human intelligence. This chapter aims to study and describe the current applications of AI in the banking industry and its impact on the banking sector. The study also gives a description of the banks employing AI to facilitate an exceedingly personalized customer journey with the banks.
Intellectual Impact of Spiritual Wellbeing, Self-Determination, and Employee Outlook on Industry 5.0
Authors: Saharan Teena , Sharma Himanshi
Published: October 2021

The industrial revolution and advancement in field of artificial intelligence in term of Industry 4.0 has reduced the need of human intervention at workplace. That is why murmur has started around Industry 5.0 where the focus is collaborative interaction between human and machines/robots for sustainable development of industries. The objective of this study is to assess the effects on the well-being of the employees in the dynamic setting through spirituality training. The study includes the detailed analysis of 392 responses collected from employees working in high-tech and high-automated organisations such as automobiles, FMCG, and IT with the help of structured questionnaire. This study might help improve the employee wellbeing and reduce the uncertainty in workforce participation and provide more creative, innovative, and engaging mindset in Industry 5.0. The research results have presented a significant interaction between the employee wellbeing, outlook, and self-determination at workplace in the presence of spirituality training.
Biochemistry Behind Protein Adaptations in Extremophiles
Authors: Fuldeore Kailas V. , Patel Nafisa , Bavarva Aradhana Hitesh bhai , Wagh Vrushali Ashok
Published: October 2021

Extremophiles are the mortals that tolerate in the most limiting and aggravating conditions to life. Because of these fantastic ecological criticisms, extremophiles have substituted innumerable intriguing transformations to cell films, proteins, and extracellular metabolites. These stimulatingly regulated usual particles and frameworks as of now play parts in numerous biotechnological fields. Compounds from extremophilic microorganisms as a rule catalyse synthetic responses in non-standard conditions. Such conditions advance accumulation, precipitation, and denaturation, diminishing the movement of most non-extremophilic catalysts, regularly because of the shortfall of adequate hydration. Extremophilic catalysts can go after hydration by means of modifications particularly to their surface through more noteworthy surface charges and expanded sub-atomic movement. These assets have permitted few extremophilic compounds to work within the sight of non-fluid natural solvents, with potential for plan of valuable impetuses.
Application of Extremophiles in Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Nweze Julius Eyiuche , Nweze Justus Amuche , Gupta Shruti
Published: October 2021

With the increasing demands for foods and other agriculture-based products, sustainable agricultural practices are the cornerstone for improving low-input agricultural production. In contrast to crop production, plant-microorganism interaction (PMI) plays a crucial role. PMI significantly raises productivity as well as maintaining the overall health of the crop. During harsh and extreme physiological conditions, plant-associated extremophilic microbes (PAEM) are known to contribute to crop production, survivability, and fitness. Thus, the application of extremophiles either in the form of biofertilizer or biopesticides is highly beneficial. Extremophiles have been adapted to withstand diverse harsh environmental conditions. They possess unique mechanisms at the molecular level to produce enormous potential extremozymes and bioactive compounds. Consequently, extremophiles represent the foundation of efficient and sustainable agriculture. This chapter introduces the significance and application of plant-associated extremophilic microbes in sustainable agriculture.
Nutritional-status assessment using body-composition monitor device in a cohort of end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Gawish Rasha I. Abd Elrazek , Elrahman Nourhan Abd , Zeid Montasser M.
Published: October 2021

Background

Uremic malnutrition is strongly associated with increased risk of death and hospitalization events in this patient population. Many studies have focused on the association between nutritional status and clinical outcome, supporting for the hypothesis that malnutrition may cause or contribute to mortality. The aim of the present work was to study the nutritional status in patients receiving sessions of maintenance hemodialysis by using the body composition monitor device.

Patients and methods

In total, 50 end-stage renal-disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled in the study. Assessment of nutritional status using body composition monitor was done for all the patients included in the study. The BCM device takes three steps to display the final output parameters: overhydration, adipose-tissue mass (ATM), and lean-tissue mass (LTM). All output parameters have been validated against the gold-standard reference methods in various studies involving more than 500 patients and healthy controls.

Results

The studied group was divided according to subjective global assessment questionnaire score into three groups: 26 (52%) patients were well nourished, 14 (28%) patients were mildly/moderately malnourished, and 10 (20%) patients were severely malnourished. The body composition monitor showed a decrease in the parameters related to the LTM, while an increase in the parameters related to the ATM. There were statistically significant negative correlations between both parameters.

Conclusion

Body composition monitor is a noninvasive, bedside, easy, and convenient method of assessment of the body composition by assessing the LTM and ATM that gives a better idea regarding the nutritional status of the patients.
Impact of early versus late tracheostomy on patient outcomes in a tertiary care multispeciality ICU
Authors: Chopra Puneet , Sodhi Kanwalpreet , Shrivastava Anupam , Tandon Shivani , Joia Ramandeep Kaur
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

Tracheostomy is a commonly performed procedure in critically ill patients because patients requiring chronic mechanical ventilation (MV) are rising by as much as 5.5% per year. The controversy on likely benefits of early versus late tracheostomy is ongoing. We aimed to study the impact of early versus late tracheostomy on patient outcomes.

Material and Methods:

A retrospective observational study was performed in intensive care unit (ICU) patients who underwent tracheostomy in a 31-bedded multispeciality ICU of a 350-bedded tertiary care hospital, over a period of 1 year. Data collected included the age, sex, APACHE II score, indication for tracheostomy, timing of procedure, whether surgical or percutaneous, any complication, MV days, ICU stay, and patient outcome. Patients were divided into two groups for statistical comparison: early ≤7 days and late >7 days of MV.

Results:

A total of 102 patients underwent tracheostomy over the study period, of which 19 were excluded because of inadequate data and exclusion criteria. Of the 83 study patients, 60 had percutaneous, while 23 had surgical tracheostomy. About 51 (61.45%) had early, while 32 (38.55%) had late tracheostomy. On statistical analysis, there was a significant difference in MV days (5 vs 12.5 days,P= 0.002), ICU stay (10 vs 16 days,P= 0.004), mortality (21.6% vs 43.8%,P= 0.032), and decannulation rate (29.41% vs 6.25%,P= 0.009). No difference was observed in hospital stay or complication rates.

Conclusion:

Early tracheostomy is associated with both morbidity and mortality benefits. Patients requiring MV should be given an option of early tracheostomy.
Effect of patient information leaflet on working pattern and patient satisfaction level in a busy Indian day care operative theater complex
Authors: Bakshi Sumitra G. , Tambule Akash , Panigrahi Amit R. , Pai Prathamesh
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

In a day care setting, communication of preprocedure instructions prior to general anesthesia (GA) is critical. Verbal information may be inadequate at times leading to unnecessary rescheduling. The aim of the study is to evaluate the use of patient information leaflet (PIL) and its impact on rescheduling and patients’ satisfaction levels.

Material and Methods:

Adult ASA I-III patients scheduled for elective day care Head Neck procedures such as direct laryngoscopy, examination under anesthesia, and biopsy under GA were recruited. In the outpatient department (OPD), the attending surgeons verbally instructed the patients as well as handed them the PIL. The process was streamlined over a month and thereafter patients’ satisfaction levels and rescheduling rates were captured over 2 months. This was compared to the data from the pre-PIL phase.

Result:

Prior to PIL, 12% cases were rescheduled due to avoidable causes. After introducing of the PIL, only 8% case were rescheduled (P= 0.02). There was a significant improvement seen in patient satisfaction with 89% patients reporting that the PIL was good or better while 77% were willing to recommend it to the others.

Conclusion:

PIL is an effective way of imparting perioperative instructions to patients which will improve not only satisfaction but also reduce patient rescheduling. The institution is in the process of implementing PIL to provide instructions to patient posted for day care procedures.
Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of COVID- 19 patients requiring critical care in a Tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Ramkumar Rupavath , Rani Deepa , Bhattacharjee Sulagna , Aggarwal Richa , Soni Kapil Dev , Aravindan Ajisha , Gupta Anju , Ayub Arshad , Prakash Kelika , Ganesh Venkata , Trikha Anjan
Published: October 2021

Background and Aims:

We describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and 28 day outcome of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care centre in India.

Material and Methods:

We included 60 adult critically ill COVID-19 patients in this prospective observational study, admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after obtaining ethics committee approval and informed consent. Demographics, clinical data, and treatment outcome at 28 days were assessed.

Results:

Demographic characteristics of the COVID-19 patients reveal that compared to the survivors, the non-survivors were significantly older [57.5 vs. 47.5 years], had more comorbid disease [Charlson's comorbidity index 4 vs. 2], higher Apache II scores [19 vs. 8.5], and had significantly higher percentage of smokers. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most common comorbidities. Dyspnea, fever, and cough were the most common presenting symptoms. Total leucocyte count as well as blood lactate level were significantly higher in non-survivors. Around 47% patients had severe ARDS, and 60% patients required invasive mechanical ventilation. 28 day ICU mortality was 50%, with a mortality of 75% in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. Mortality was higher in males than females (57% vs. 33%). Acute kidney injury and septic shock were the most common non-pulmonary complications during ICU stay. Incidence of liver dysfunction, septic shock, and vasopressor use was significantly higher in the non-survivors.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates a high 28 day mortality in severe COVID-19 patients. Further well designed prospective studies with larger sample size are needed to identify the risk factors associated with poor outcome in such patients.
Lane-Hamilton syndrome – Is it really a needle in a haystack?
Authors: Mondkar SA , Tullu MS , Sathe P , Agrawal M
Published: October 2021

Introduction:

The association of pulmonary hemosiderosis with celiac disease (Lane–Hamilton syndrome) is extremely rare.

Case Details:

A five-year-old female child presented with fever, cough, breathlessness, and pallor for 20 days, without any previous history of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, tuberculosis, or cardiac disease. There was no history of pica, chronic diarrhea, bleeding, or personal or family history of repeated blood transfusions. She had tachycardia, tachypnea, severe pallor, stunting, rickets, and bilateral fine lung crepitations. Peripheral smear and blood indices revealed dimorphic anemia. Anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA antibody levels were high (>200 U/mL) and the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with duodenal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of celiac disease. The child was discharged on a gluten-free diet (GFD) and oral hematinic, but her dietary compliance was poor. Interestingly, the child had persistent bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, which was initially attributed to congestive cardiac failure (CCF), which persisted even despite treatment. HRCT chest revealed interstitial thickening and bilateral alveolar shadows and bronchoalveolar lavage showed a few inflammatory cells. The child was readmitted four times with similar complaints and was given packed red cell transfusions. In the fourth admission, a lung biopsy was done, which revealed extensive pulmonary hemosiderosis. The patient was given a course of oral steroids for 6 weeks, with a gluten-free diet, following which both the anemia and the pulmonary infiltrates resolved.

Conclusion:

Pulmonary hemosiderosis is an important cause of anemia in cases of celiac disease and may be misdiagnosed as CCF due to severe anemia. A strict GFD, with or without corticosteroids, can reverse the clinical and radiological picture.
Unilateral diaphragmatic paresis following supracostal post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Bhat A , Katz JE , Smith NA , Shah HN
Published: October 2021

Unilateral acquired diaphragmatic paresis is a known complication of thoracic surgeries. Direct mechanical injury to the phrenic nerve during surgery results in this complication. However its occurrence post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has not been described. We report a 43-year-old man who underwent prone PCNL for endourological management of left complete staghorn calculus. Access via the 10th left intercostal space, under fluoroscopy, was carried out to remove the calculus. Post-operative, the routine chest radiograph revealed left hemidiaphragmatic blunting. Computerized tomography of the chest confirmed left hemidiaphragmatic elevation, suggesting unilateral diaphragmatic paresis. He did not have any respiratory symptoms, was managed conservatively with chest physiotherapy and incentive spirometry and responded extremely well. The absence of reported cases of diaphragmatic paresis post PCNL lends to a dearth in knowledge regarding recognition and management. This case report aims to acquaint urologists with this rare complication associated with supracostal PCNL and provide a rational management plan.
Peran Wing In Ground Effect Craft (WIG) Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Jepara-Karimunjawa
Authors: Wibowo Susilo Hadi , Rofiq Mashudi , Yuda Dimas Pratama , Utami Prapti
Published: October 2021

Tourism objects in Jepara Regency and Karimunjawa District can be relied on for both natural tourism and marine biodata so that they attract tourists both domestically and internationally. From 2009 to 2019 there was an increase even though the amount was not constant, this was enough to increase the local Regional Revenue Budget. one way that can raise prestige in the world of tourism in the era of globalization and the digital era 4.0 is by adding means of sea ship transportation with the model of a winged passenger ship, which can fly low above sea level, faster and more efficiently by displaying the Weigh-In Ground Effect (WIG). The purpose of this study is to describe the increase in local revenue (PAD) for tourism objects with the addition of a fleet of fast passenger boats based on wing in grounds effect craft (WIG) at tourism objects in Karimunjawa, Jepara. This research uses quantitative data with associative type. The data collection technique used by the researcher is based on documentation, library studies, and the results of the development of previous researchers. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of increasing tourism supporting elements, the number of infrastructure facilities, and tourism promotion costs on increasing regional income.
Kebijakan Pengadaan dan Customisasi CN-235 MPA (Maritime Patrol Aircraft) dalam Rangka Pengawasan wilayah ZEE dan ALKI di Indonesia
Authors: Susdarwono Endro Tri
Published: October 2021

The potential of Indonesia's maritime natural resources is one of the targets desired by several countries from the international world to strengthen their economy. In addition to the natural resources it contains, Indonesia also has a strategic value for the world economy. The potential of Indonesia's maritime natural wealth demands the availability of qualified maritime security that can guard against acts of lawlessness, environmental pollution, exploitation of natural resources, navigational hazards, and territorial violations. Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA) is a tool that is considered appropriate to maintain security in the maritime environment. The purpose of this study is to describe the procurement and customization of N-235 MPA in the context of monitoring and securing the EEZ and ALKI areas in Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive approach. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The result of the research is that the Maritime Patrol Aircraft with specifications in the form of a small aircraft (medium range aircraft) that is fuel efficient and does not require a long runway, to land so that it can land on an emergency runway (airship). This aircraft is suitable for reaching all sea border areas that are difficult to access in detecting suspicious activity, especially in the EEZ and ALKI areas. This aircraft has a radar with a wide range of monitors, surveillance cameras, and sophisticated weapons systems.
Manfaat dan Dampak Digitalisasi Pada Bisnis Logistik Di Era New Normal
Authors: Pambudi M Aji Luhur
Published: October 2021

The new normal is an attempt to normalize everything new. A number of new things during the Covid-19 pandemic are related to the use of digital technology to sustain community activities during lockdowns in a number of countries. Information technology that has been used by the public to obtain and manage information is a major need in the face of this new normal. Previously people have been familiar with the pattern of work from home (work from home) that requires internet at high speed. The purpose of this research is first to find out the benefits and impacts of digitalization in the Indonesian logistics business sector and secondly to know the constraints of the use of digitalization of Indonesian logistics business. Methods of reasoning are thought processes derived from empirical observations that produce a number of concepts and understandings. The conclusions obtained in this study showed that the impact of technology helped logistics industry players to manage inventory, order processing, control supplier status. The obstacle faced is the problem of the possibility of goods experiencing damage on the road or worse not reaching the destination, and payments made by customers are not verified.
Peningkatan Pelayanan Calon Penumpang Kapal Studi Kasus di Perusahaan Pelayaran
Authors: Wahyuni Eni Tri , Rubiyanto Aan
Published: October 2021

Shipping companies engaged in services are very concerned about service users. One of the companies engaged in services, especially on passenger ships, is very concerned about the satisfaction of service users for the sustainability of the company. This study aims to find out how the passenger service at PT Atosim Lampung Pelayaran is implemented at the Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang. It is hoped that with good service, passenger service time will be faster and more efficient. However, in the process of serving passengers at PT Atosim Lampung Shipping Semarang branch is still experiencing several obstacles that affect the service of prospective passengers. These obstacles are caused, among others: lack of understanding of ticket buyers in ordering tickets and checking schedules online, ineffective health services at PT Atosim Lampung Shipping Semarang branch. The research method used is a qualitative research method by conducting interviews, observations and literature studies. This study found that in order to improve services to prospective ship passengers, PT Atosim Lampung Pelayaran developed an online ticket booking system and improved health facility services.
Optimalisasi Penerapan MLC (Maritime Labour Convention) di Atas Kapal KM Bukit Siguntang
Authors: Arleiny Arleiny , Wulandari Dwi Anggraeni , Putri Indah Ayu Johanda , Firdaus Muhamad Imam , Lawangi Muhammad Nadjib
Published: October 2021

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with 17,508 islands. Therefore, transportation by sea is very much needed to support trade flows in reaching areas between islands with one another through national and international waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimization of the implementation of the MLC (Maritime Labor Convention) on ships and to determine the effect of the implementation of the MLC (Maritime Labor Convention) for the welfare of seafarers. The data collection method is survey and interview methods. This research is included in qualitative research. The results of this study indicate that the 2006 MLC regarding the welfare of seafarers onboard KM Bukit Siguntang has been implemented well, but the rest time is not optimal so it is necessary to pay attention to its optimization. The implementation of the 2006 MLC had a major impact on the welfare of seafarers on board.
Como não nos tornamos professoras?
Authors: Teodoro dos Santos Filho Osvaldo , Ravnjak Leandro Luciano Silva , Nogueira de Castro e Almeida Shirley Patrícia
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho foi escrito como requisito parcial de avaliação de uma disciplina do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação numa universidade pública no Brasil. No primeiro momento fazemos algumas considerações com o objetivo de explicar porque não construímos um memorial, desse modo, enfatizamos a interseção entre a concepção neoliberal presente nas reformas educacionais e a ideologia pós-moderna na Formação de Professores. No momento seguinte, apresentamos, ainda que de forma introdutória, algumas notas sobre expressões comuns utilizadas pelos professores ao narrarem suas memórias e, na sequência, elencamos algumas trajetórias que acompanhamos em alguma medida durante parte do nosso processo formativo. Por fim, sublinhamos a necessidade de compreender a funcionalidade da ideologia, ocultando determinações, naturalizando processos históricos e, a partir de uma compreensão fragmentada da realidade, obstruindo ações organizativas que proporcionem saltos de qualidade aos trabalhadores.