bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Criteria Decision Making Framework for Aircraft Dispatch Assessment
Authors: Koornneef Hemmo  , Verhagen Wim J.C.  , Curran Richard
Published: February 2025

The aircraft dispatch decision is a complex analysis based on many factors related to airworthiness regulations, aircraft health status, resource availability at current and future stop(s) and operational preferences of the operator. Within the turnaround time (TAT) a decision has to be made whether the aircraft can return to service, defects have to be deferred, operational restrictions apply, maintenance has to be performed, or if the aircraft is unable to safely perform the next flight. This paper presents a framework for automated dispatch decision support and, as a first step of implementation of the framework, a proof of concept for automated root cause identification by means of a case study on a Airbus A320 wing anti-ice valve. A decision tree algorithm has been applied to a synthetic dataset, representing historical failure data with associated root causes and observed symptoms, achieving correct classification of the root cause for 40% of the cases. Analysis of the results show that the accuracy of the method increases with an increasing number of symptoms associated to a root cause. Furthermore, the method cannot distinguish between root causes with similar symptoms. Although the use of synthetic data restricts conclusions that can be drawn from the results, the work shows a proof of concept for automated root cause identification and leads to initial findings that are essential for future implementation and optimisation of the method. Eventually, the framework will be operationalised in the form of a mobile tool to assist stakeholders in on-site aircraft dispatch decision support.
Adaption of Logistical Distribution Networks with Complexity and Efficiency Considerations for Cross-Border E-Commerce in China
Authors: Liu Mei  , Yan Wei
Published: February 2025

While China's economy is in deep reform and industrial transition, cross-border e-commerce industry in China has shown an annual growth rate of 30% in recent years, soaring to the top of global Cross-Border E-Commerce (CBEC) markets. However an efficient and flexible distribution network is required to fully reap the rewards of this growth, which has posed great challenges for CBEC retailers and carriers struggling to ease consumer shipment impatience. The aim of the study presented in this paper is to provide explicit explanationsof the emergence, development, opportunities, challenges and future of cross-border e-commerce in China both from the perspectives of China's legitimate authorities and e-commerce companies. The actions taken by China's authorities when facing the explosive emergence of cross-border e-commerce trade volume are the one of the key factors leading the development path of e-commerce in China. E-commerce companies are also devoted to the development of e-commerce trade seeking better ways to maintain competitive in the industry. An example of the logistical distribution network of one of China's e-commerce giants has been studied in this research. It is concluded that the logistical network is adaptive to the development trend of e-commerce in China. In future work, the performances of China's logistical distribution networks are to be evaluated from perspectives of network topology and functionality (trade-off between efficiency and cost) specified with CBEC consideration. A mathematical model is to be formulated as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. Topological complexity of the mathematical model is studied based on the complex network theory. Trade-offs between delivery time (termed as “efficiency”) and transportation costs of the model is also evaluated for it is the key factor of significance both for CBEC customers and retailers.
An Exploratory User Study on a New Social Networking Communication Application
Authors: Chen Xingyu  , Zhou Zhan  , Yang Wen  , Ma Jianhua
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the results of an exploratory study designed to evaluate Deja, a new mobile application that combined communication and social networking functions. The underlying question of this study is sought to understand how young users, accustomed to using this app, to communicate with friends and conduct other social networking activities. The app was empirically tested by a group of selected participants in Singapore. Multiple ways to collect consumer data were conducted including think aloud, observation, usability tasks, customer satisfaction survey as well as customer behavioral survey. An analysis of the problems experienced by the users was discussed. The results also provided the basis to suggest specific improvements to the application. Beyond the enhancement of the user experience design, the results of this study have significant theoretical and practical implications for enterprise to study young user behavior toward new mobile applications, especially communication and social networking applications.
The Effect of Different Internet Slang Styles on Brand Personality and Ad Persuasion
Authors: Liu Shixiong  , Wang Yao  , Yu Shubin
Published: February 2025

Internet slang, the product of computer-mediated communication, is being widely used in advertising in China. However, Chinese advertisers are still exploring appropriate methods to integrate this slang into their ads for positive effects. To this end, we conducted two experiential studies. The results reflected that different perceived styles of internet slang enhance the five dimensions of brand personality as discussed in this publication. Furthermore, the congruence between internet slang style and brand personality can lead to positive effects on consumers' attitude toward the brand and the ad itself. The findings of this research can help advertisers use the most suitable internet slang for building the desired brand personality and achieving the most positive outcomes.
Requirements Engineering in the New Product Development Process: Bibliometric and Systemic Analysis
Authors: Iaksch Jaqueline Sebastiany  , Borsato Milton  , Schmidt Juliana  , Vaine Arturo
Published: February 2025

In the recent decades, the challenges related to global competition, the reduction of product lifecycle, the increase of technological changes and the level of customer demand have been intensified. In this scenario, the New Product Development Process (NPD) is noticed as a critical factor to maintain the competitiveness in organizations. The New Product Development Process (NDP) is noticed as a critical factor to maintain the competitiveness in organizations. The Requirements Engineering (RE) approach plays a vital role within the New Product Development Process (NDP) lifecycle, once the product performance and its acceptability on the market depend on how RE is integrated into the product development. In this way, this article aims to identify the proposed solutions and trends regarding Requirements Engineering, through a literature review based on studies produced in the last five years. Hence, the existing gaps in the literature about this theme will be presented and analyzed. In order to achieve these objectives, the present study was based on ProKnow-C process (Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist). In the first step, the bibliographic portfolio was obtained, represented by 38 articles aligned with the research theme. Moreover, the bibliometric analysis was performed to identify the relevance of journals and congresses about the topic of research, the authors that stand out in the research area, the year of publication of the articles, as well as the keywords found in the portfolio. Thereafter, a systemic analysis was accomplished in order to analyze the content of the articles from the bibliographic portfolio and to identify the main research problems, objectives and proposed resources. Finally, the main research opportunities were recognized and presented.
A Study on Senior People's Driving Behaviors Aiming at Low-Speed Motor Vehicle's Design
Authors: Yang Hao  , Wang Yueran
Published: February 2025

Interdisciplinary research methods bring about more opportunities for designers to understand the users and predict some problems that hard to clarify by traditional methods. This study takes the elder-friendly low-speed vehicles design as an example, discussing the rationality of some quantitative methods introduced from other fields. By means of protocol analysis (PA), low-speed vehicles that are suited for elder drivers are checked out. After calculating and T-testing the results, two kinds of driving styles are sorted out for the experiment. The collected data include the subjects' heart-rate, finger moving times and operations' finishing time. By means of multiple linear regression and logistic regression, senior people's driving behavioral model is built to clarify their physical and mental characteristics. According to the results, a prototype design is proposed. The set of feasible methods used in the research process is sorted out for solving other similar issues targeting relative product design.
Human Factors Evaluation in Maritime Virtual Simulators Using Mobile EEG-Based Neuroimaging
Authors: Liu Yisi  , Sourina Olga  , Liew Hui Ping  , Salem Chandrasekaran Harihara Subramaniam  , Konovessis Dimitrios  , Krishnan Gopala  , Ang Hock Eng
Published: February 2025

Neuro-ergonomics using mobile electroencephalogram (EEG)-based neuroimaging is a new area of Brain-Computer Interaction (BCI) applications. We propose and develop an EEG-based system to monitor and analyze human factors measurements in maritime simulators. The EEG is used as a tool to monitor and record the brain states of subjects during human factors study experiments. In traditional human factors studies, the data of mental workload, stress, and emotion are obtained through questionnaires that are administered upon completion of some task/tasks or the whole experiment. However, this method only offers the evaluation of overall feelings of subjects during the task performance in the simulators. Real-time EEG-based human factors evaluation in maritime virtual simulator allows researchers to analyze the changes of subjects' brain states during the performance of various navigational tasks under different environmental and collaborative scenarios. Machine learning techniques are applied to the EEG data to recognize levels of mental workload, stress and emotions. By utilizing the proposed EEG-based system, true understanding of subjects working pattern can be obtained. Based on the analyses of the objective real-time data together with the subjective feedback from the subjects, we are able to reliably evaluate human factors during experiments in simulator. We describe real-time algorithms of emotion recognition, mental workload, and stress recognition from EEG and its integration in the cadets/captains stress assessment systems. We design a simulator-based experiment to record EEG signals of cadets, from which we recognize the changes of their emotions, mental workload, and stress levels during the task performance. We recorded EEG of 12 participants using Emotiv device in maritime simulator. The participants went through four exercises (around 30 minutes per exercise) with 20-minutes break in between. The exercises were with increasing difficulty levels and shuffled to be given to the participants. Videos were taken to analyze the behavioral data of the participants and used to label EEG data. Emotion, workload and stress levels are calculated from EEG recording with the time resolution 1 sec. From the preliminary case study it can be seen that there is a correlation between the EEG-based emotion recognition results (in terms of timing and magnitude) and the events that were happening in the simulator.
Design a Personalized Brain-Computer Interface of LegoRobot Assisted by Data Analysis Method
Authors: Lin Wan-Jun  , Chiu Ming-Chuan
Published: February 2025

In our daily life, the data is ubiquitous. With the advent of the data age, people's lives are closely related to it. Therefore, it is important to use these data for analysis to get effective conclusions. Through the data analysis method, we can analyze the results to do effective decisions-making and applications, more applicable to the interface design. Brain-computer interface (BCI) provides the communicated interface between brain and machines such as computers. It's a technique that the users allowed to interact directly with the machine by using brainwave. The technology includes brainwave (EEG) acquisition, feature extraction and translation algorithm. The researches of BCIs since the 1970s began, the most successful case was Jacques Vidal used brainwave signals to stimulate the visual response and controlled the cursor to take the maze of BCI. Nowadays, it has begun to use in medical aids, and improve the inconvenient situation in daily life. However, the applications in “personalized” BCIs are not popular in our life and less of a data validation to support the user-centric design process to provide. Therefore, this study firstly took the mobile application program of the Lego robot designed by the function as an example.Then used the data of the initial test which was assisted by the Data Analysis Method (DAM). The decision made by DAM was to redesign a data-oriented demonstration and user-centered design process (DAUCD). The Lego robot was integrated hardware and software to develop the learnable and personalized BCI. For usability test, we applied the Lego robots to demonstrate the redesign prototype to conduct the usability test. This study not only designed a personalized BCI but also developed a new data-oriented UCD design process. The brand-new method with DAUCD improved the original design and enhanced the usability test. We expect that this personalized BCI will be applied in medical treatments, businesses and livelihood, promoting the welfare of human being.
Study on Impact of Separation Distance to Traffic Management for Small UAS Operations in Urban Environment
Authors: Tan Da Yang  , Chi Wanchao  , Salleh Mohamed Faisal Bin Mohamed  , Low K.H.
Published: February 2025

Unlike manned aviation operating in non-segregated or controlled airspace where separation distance between aircraft is well defined, the safe separation distance for UAVs operating in urban environment in segregated or uncontrolled airspace have yet to be established. There are many confounding factors affecting the safe separation distance for UAV. These include but not limited to exogenous factors such as wind, rain and birds. In this study, the aim is to derive the relationship between separation distance and the number of conflicts. As a preliminary study, direct flights for UAVs are considered. This is because from a UAS operator's point of view, a direct flight to destination is always preferred. However this may not be allowed due to the potential increase in conflicts due to multiple UAVs operating concurrently in the airspace. If the airspace density is sufficiently low, one expects the conflicts between UAVs to be reduced accordingly, thus making direct paths feasible. On the other hand, a high density would nonetheless increase the number of conflicts, rendering a controlled and managed airspace necessary, either by altering the flight paths or through speed control. It is then postulated that there should be a particular threshold whereby such transition from a free flight path to a non-free flight path will take place. With this aim in mind, the number of conflicts, defined by the loss of separation, between the UAVs is investigated for two scenarios: (1) direct flight path to destination and (2) direct flight path with speed control. In both scenarios, the UAVs will enter the airspace simultaneously towards different destination points, simulating the maximum possible number of UAVs entering the airspace at the same time. The number of conflicts is also then computed for different values of distance separation distance separation for each scenario. These results will then give a preliminary hint on the threshold conditions for the transition.
Study on the Characteristics of Japanese Bamboo Product Design
Authors: Yang Shuai  , Nie Huanhuan  , Fang Hai
Published: February 2025

Bamboo gets favors of designers around the world because of its unique physical properties, art form, the cultural implication and ecological significance. Japan absorbs Chinese bamboo culture, together with inherent Japanese bamboo culture, forming a unique Japanese bamboo culture. With abundant bamboo resources, Japan is leading the world in terms of bamboo product design and development. It is crucial to take advantage of advanced technologies to accelerate the development of bamboo culture. This study attempts to analyze the characteristics of Japan bamboo product design to provide the reference direction of bamboo product design development to China and even the world.
Globalisation of Concurrent Engineering Activities: Transferring-, Translating- and Transforming Approach
Authors: Mathiasen John Bang
Published: February 2025

The paper analyses the consequences of using a one-size-fits-all concurrent engineering (CE) approach. Six CE projects are studied; each addresses a company located in a high-wage area and one of two abroad facilities located in low-wage areas. The analysis reveals; the companies neglect the consequences of a higher perceived newness and interdependence than anticipated from the outset; habitually, practitioners' understanding draw on existing solutions; because the sub-stance of the handed-over information differs, the one-size-fits-all approach is inappropriate. Three approaches to gain a convergent understanding are suggested: 1) transferring approach, 2) translating approach, 3) transforming approach.
Product Data Management with Solid Transactional Guarantees
Authors: Semenov Vitaly
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an innovative software platform PDMhub intended to build concurrent engineering environments and to conduct multidisciplinary projects in various industrial domains. The platform provides advanced intelligent services for managing semantically complex engineering data, a formal model of which is specified in EXPRESS language. The platform enables model-driven engineering data to be shared concurrently among project stakeholders under different collaboration modes corresponding to varied levels of data availability and consistency trade-offs. Partial attention in the paper is paid to unique features of the platform and its key distinctions from existing solutions. Basically, these features are: versatility to handle different product model data and applicability in various domains, compliance with the STEP standard, vertical and horizontal scalability, availability of uniform interfaces to access and analyze engineering information as well as solid ACID/BASE guarantees for the supported transactions. The paper also briefly summarizes the preliminary employment results in the domain of architecture, engineering and construction and outdraws the perspectives of the platform in other industry domains.
CAD System Basic Operations Semantic Generalization to the Designed Product Construction Conformity
Authors: Tsygankov Denis  , Pokhilko Alexander  , Gorbachev Ivan
Published: February 2025

This article is devoted the approach to the product 3D-model maximal information content achievement. The proposed method is based on the accordance between the designed products actual construction and 3D-models creation tree in the CAD-system, comprising a basic operations set. Under the proposed approach, the 3D-model creation tree is a designed product functional elements formation semantic macrofunctions hierarchical set, which combination displays its construct structure.
Development of Presentation Slide Retrieval System Based on Visual Information
Authors: Oida Yoshiaki  , Hiekata Kazuo  , Mitsuyuki Taiga  , Kamba Hiroki  , Okada Isaac
Published: February 2025

Sharing and reusing knowledge in presentation form is very important because more and more presentations are made and accumulated in many companies. However, most of existing presentation slide retrieval systems are document file unit searches, which deal with only text information. Therefore, it is difficult to search enough reusable slides comprehensively when users don't memorize clear text information about necessary slides. The objective of this research is to develop a slide retrieval system which can comprehensively search slides necessary for presentation creation in a short time. First, Presentations are decomposed into slides. A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is assigned for each slide and managed in metadata repository in order to search across databases. Second, relevant slides can be retrieved based on the similarity of text or visual image such as colors and shapes so as to search enough slide candidates for a reusable slide. Third, a retrieval function based on handwritten graphic information is developed in order to search based only on visual memory. In case study, the effectiveness of each function is illustrated. In addition, it is illustrated that this system reduces the time to make a presentation by 19.7%.
Design Platform – A Coherent Model for Management and Use of Mixed Design Assets
Authors: Elgh Fredrik  , André Samuel  , Johansson Joel  , Stolt Roland
Published: February 2025

For many companies, it is a challenge to balance product variety and cost, i.e. external and internal efficiency. Product platforms has been the dominant solution for a business targeting mass-customization. The main idea is to dived the product into modules that can be shared among different product variants. This has been a success on the consumer market, however, many manufacturing companies are engineer-to-order (ETO) oriented, such as original equipment suppliers (OES). They design a unique solution, often in close collaboration with other companies, based on different product concepts and/or core technologies. For these companies, there is a strategic need for a platform model influenced by the principles of mass-customization, although, not limited to only include modules. In this work, a novel platform model, called Design Platform is described. The model has been developed and applied in cooperation with four companies. The Design Platform provides a coherent environment for management of heterogeneous design assets to be used in product development and supports an improved ability to master fluctuating requirements and systematic introduction of new technologies.
Firm's Potential for Co-Creation
Authors: Rasool Faisol  , Koomsap Pisut  , Costa Meghla Clara
Published: February 2025

Co-creation, an active end-users involvement in product development process, has been recognized as an effective way of minimizing risk of misinterpretation of end-users needs and of achieving product success. Furthermore, high level of co-creation has seemed to create high perceived value to products. With an aim to encourage many more firms to involve their end-users in the product development process, presented in this paper is a quantitative tool developed to help the firms evaluate their readiness and potential for co-creation. Important characteristics of firms for co-creation established in an earlier study have been classified with the help of expert opinion into three different levels: must-have, should-have and nice-to-have. The firms that fulfil all the must-have characteristics are ready for co-creation and their potential is evaluated from the should-have and nice-to-have characteristics. An exploratory case study on three shoe manufacturers was conducted for illustration.
Identifying Firm Characteristics for Successful Co-Creation – Literature Review
Authors: Rasool Faisol  , Koomsap Pisut  , Costa Meghla Clara
Published: February 2025

In the last decade, active involvement of end-users in new product development (NPD) commonly referred as co-creation has emerged as an effective strategy to overcome barriers that hinder firms from understanding customer needs. In response, co-creation has generated a great deal of interest for both practitioners and researchers in different areas of NPD. Despite co-creations growing trend, relatively little is known about this new form of product development. Hence this study provides a ready reference of recent literature on co-creation. First, this study distinguishes between the roles and responsibilities of firm and end-users at different phases of NPD during traditional and co-creation projects. Second, after an extensive literature review of marketing, innovation management and product development it identified important managerial characteristics needed by the firms to successfully implement co-creation.
A Resilient Model of Yard Template Generation for Minimizing Yard Overflow Risk Under Container Volume Fluctuation of Shipping Route
Authors: Tan Caimao  , Huang Youfang  , He Junliang  , Yan Wei
Published: February 2025

With the continuous development of the global container liner transportation, container terminal operation receives more and more attention. However, many uncertain situations still bring considerable risk to the operation of container terminals, such as the container volume cyclical fluctuation of shipping route, which brings the overflow risk in the yard area and challenges the terminal consecutive operation of the original yard template plan. This paper considers the cyclical fluctuation characteristics of different shipping routes, and proposes a resilient model (an MILP model) of yard template generation. The proposed model aims to minimize the expected overflow number of containers during the planning period and makes the operation of yard space allocation implemented more efficiently and orderly. Numerical experiments are performed to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed model.
Accelerating Retail-Innovation Design for Smart Services via Foresight Approach and Case-Based Design
Authors: Lee Ching-Hung  , Chen Chun-Hsien  , Lee Yu-Chi  , Xu Gangyan  , Li Fan  , Zhao Xuejiao
Published: February 2025

The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) is taken as a dramatic upgrade of the third revolution. Compared with prior industrial revolutions, Industry 4.0 put more focus on the creation of networks and interconnectivities among existing assets based on Internet of things (IoT). This study attempts to depict inno-service concepts with the commonality in different categories based on IoT technology and the concepts of cyber-physical systems (CPS) from both the problem-analysis side and resolution-analysis perspective. The problem-analysis utilizes a socio-economic needs analysis, which compromises shopping district categories analysis and categories needs analysis, to obtain the main categories of the shopping district and key problems of it. In addition, the resolution-analysis utilizes a case-based design approach, which compromises case recall and case adapt to refer to the related IoT cases, and then smart shopping themes are proposed. Based on the socio-economic needs analysis including the development in the practical industry, literature of shopping-mall management and the district survey, this research identified six categories for a mega city's major district functions, namely (1) tourism, MICE (meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions) and accommodations, (2) food, beverage and supermarkets, (3) cultural and creative sectors and bookstores, (4) furniture, furnishings and appliances, (5) clothing, accessories and cosmetics, (6) cinema, recreation and sports. In addition, based on the 54 smart-service cases in the global environment from the six classifications, the most valuable solutions from the case base are adapted and reused to meet the current needs and situation. Thus, six smart shopping themes are designed as a CPS-based services among the above six classifications, including (1) Ubiquitous cultural creative street side integration services, (2) Smart food and restaurant services, (3) Future make-up and fast fashion services, (4) Smart living experiential marketing services, (5) Entertainment-based innovative services, (6) MICE Integrated Services. The results can be utilized for researchers to better find more foresight themes efficiently and effectively and for firms to adopt these six new concepts to design the detailed service specification with business concept innovation or business process improvement.
A QFD-Enabled Conceptualization for Reducing Alarm Fatigue in Vessel Traffic Service Centre
Authors: Li Fan  , Lee Ching-Hung  , Xu Gangyan  , Chen Chun-Hsien  , Khoo Li Pheng
Published: February 2025

Alarm fatigue refers to distrust or neglect of triggered alarms. Alarm fatigue in Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) centre would impair the performance of VTS operators (VTSOs), and reduce their situation awareness. To reduce alarm fatigue, some advanced technologies have been applied in the alarm system. However, human limitations, which may be the root cause of alarm fatigue, remain to be further studied. In this study, user requirements (URs) were analysed by the qualification function deployment (QFD) method to propose new modules for the alarm system of VTS. These modules are expected to reduce alarm fatigue by considering human limitation. To achieve this aim, three steps were conducted. Firstly, URs were obtained through expert interviews in local VTS centre. Secondly, the QFD method was adopted to select prioritized design requirements (DRs). Finally, three modules for the alarm system of VTS were proposed to meet DRs. They are automated case-based track assignment module; adaptive multi-parameter alarm generation module; and adaptive multimodal alarm presentation module.
Toward Resilient Vessel Traffic Service: A Sociotechnical Perspective
Authors: Xu Gangyan  , Li Fan  , Chen Chun-Hsien  , Lee Ching-Hung  , Lee Yu-Chi
Published: February 2025

Vessel Traffic System (VTS) is a typical complex sociotechnical system that provides various supporting services for vessels. With the booming of maritime transportation, VTS becomes more and more important in promoting traffic fluency, efficiency, and safety in designated geographical areas. However, the performance of VTS is frequently threatened by external and internal incidents, which leaves the maritime traffic in a dangerous situation. Therefore, VTS must be resilient to cope with these disturbances and maintain an acceptable service level. Focusing on this problem, this paper first analyses the architecture of VTS from the perspective of sociotechnical systems. Thereafter, the definition of resilient VTS is introduced. Through interaction network analysis, the key contributing factors for resilient VTS are identified. Finally, based on the results, several guidelines for realizing resilient VTS are proposed.
Omni-Channel Sales and Smart Logistic Service Framework – As-Is and To-Be Paradigms
Authors: Trappey A.J.C.  , Trappey C.V.  , Wang J.W.-C.  , Lee W.T.
Published: February 2025

E-commerce (EC) has fundamentally changed retail business models. Mobile devices (or m-commerce) and social networks drive retail innovations by better enabling data transfer and communications between EC participants (buyers, sellers, intermediaries). Many suppliers or intermediaries have invested in building virtual channels. Omni-channel sales integrate resources of different channels and provide consistent and satisfactory shopping experiences to potential customers. This research analyzes the retail industry's as-is omni-channel sales across social, legal, economic, policy, and technological (S.L.E.P.T) views. The research presents the to-be model of smart logistic services for omni-channel sales and distribution. The Internet-of-Things (IoT) enabled solutions supporting smart logistic services for omni-channel sales are the focus of the research. Finally, the as-is and to-be logistic process models are benchmarked with respect to their performance indices including operating costs, times, and required human resources.
Dynamic Enhancement for Customer Experience by Incorporating Customer Experience Journey Map and Service Assembly Concept
Authors: Li Qi Ye  , Lee Ching-Hung  , Chen Chun-Hsien  , Lee Yu-Chi  , Li Fan
Published: February 2025

The objective of this paper is to redesign a service in exhibition and tourism industries to dynamically improve the customer experience. To achieve greater customer experience, an integrated method which incorporates Customer Experience Journey Map and Service Assembly Concept was introduced. In doing so, two mechanisms were proposed in this study based on the service assembly concept. The service assembly mechanism was applied to respond to dynamic customer requirements. The other service mechanism, so called service replacement, was used to optimize failure handling by replacing the service failures. Using this method, a smart expo service system was designed. In the smart expo system, the customer experience of exhibition journey was enhanced from four aspects, viz. customization, flexibility, information sharing, and conformability.
Advances in Assembly Planning for Multi-Variant Production Based on 3D PDF
Authors: Kahl Felix  , Rulhoff Stefan  , Stjepandić Josip  , Thatenhorst Klaus
Published: February 2025

Rapidly increasing, global competition has led many companies to pay more attention to each singular requirement of their customers and, therefore, caused the tendency to small batch sizes and a greater variety of products. Assembly workload and human labor is the prime expense factor during the assembly of products. Here the hours of work by workmen multiplied with a company-specific factor equal the occurring costs. Based on the frequent use of variant-oriented product modelling, the efficiency of preparation processes has been improved. However, the assembly planning of single productions or short runs is often based on experience or the method of compare and estimate. Most production planning systems used in practice have an essential weakness in that they do not support hierarchical planning based on assembly constraints and do not observe resource constraints at all production levels. Therefore, tight synchronisation between design and production structures is necessary in early stage of the preparation and planning process in parallel to the design process. In this paper a project is presented, in which the assembly planning is put into practice based on engineering 3D CAD models in 3D PDF and a preplanned library of work steps. Through connected time values multiplied by frequency and under consideration of assembly difficulties, transparent assembly basetimes can be calculated and expectable costs can be estimated. Though connected resources the needed tooluse per workstation can be determined. Furthermore a connection of product, assembly process and resource is implicitly created by the planning process itself, which machine-readable will provide a lot of potential for future automatisms.
The Development of Manufacturing Process Design Tool
Authors: Arundachawat Panumas  , Mahapol Samart
Published: February 2025

Designing a design process is a crucial activity in concurrent product design environment. Though, there are several tools to design and visualize manufacturing process, e.g. Outline Process Chart, Process Flow Chart or IDEF0; the necessary information, e.g. standard, to manage processes, still can make the chart too complicate to realize. In addition, the evidence from field studies reveal that the required input variables from a considered process are not necessary to be similar output variables from the immediately predecessor process. These two findings and Control Plan as well as TQM lead to develop the novel manufacturing process design tool called the Material Alternation Product (MAP) chart. The major step forward of the new tool is accounted of which it has the capability to illustrate the important information for a considered manufacturing process, e.g. material in put requirements, variable to be controlled etc., within one chart. A hub-flange from a car is used as a case to validate the tool, moreover the validation square method is a mean to capture expert opinion on the developed tool. The results that the MAP tool is valid from the expert viewpoints.
Risk Analysis of the Design of a Transportation Enterprise Network System for Time Critical Manufacturing
Authors: Mo John P.T.  , Cook Matthew
Published: February 2025

The automotive manufacturing industry is under financial pressure due to massive cost structure, relatively small scale operation and strong global competition. In order to improve their operational cost efficiency, companies have adopted Toyota's lean manufacturing system in all their manufacturing activities. However, as a consequence, this policy makes the transportation network from the local supply chain time critical. This paper uses an enterprise model to study a manufacturing company's logistics system in terms of designing, monitoring and validating of the network efficiency and criticality.
Automated Metal Laminate Printing in Rapid Tooling for Mass Customization
Authors: Govender Kevlin  , Walker Anthony  , Bright Glen
Published: February 2025

The consumer market is rapidly evolving which induces a burden in the manufacturing sector in order to meet the customised demands of customers. Therefore, utilising technologies like Three Dimensional (3D) printing to accelerate production by providing smart and innovative solution is pivotal to the survival of companies globally. In this paper a 3D Metal Laminate Printer based on Laminate Object Manufacturing (LOM) is presented as a low-cost alternative to address the mould demand for functional testing and small orders of injection moulded parts. A LOM process is discussed which utilizes Aluminium foil and high strength epoxies to produce a composite part that has the potential to be used in short to medium cycle injection and blow moulding for mass customization needs. Tensile tests of Aluminium foil and Aluminium sheet composites were conducted to assess the mechanical properties of the manufactured composites.
Implementing a Platform-Service Based on the Sharing Economy for Supply Chain Operations of Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Reitmaier Lisa-Marie  , Ou Ting-Chieh  , Tsai Cheng-Yu  , Sanchez Julio  , Chiu Ming-Chuan
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, more and more people choose the possibility of sharing goods and services. This trend is on the one hand utilized by the possibilities given through the digitalization and on the other hand forced by restricted resources and environmental issues. This development already caused significant changes in many markets and businesses but has not yet been holistically established in the field of supply chain management of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper aims to evolve a strategy to integrate the main idea of the sharing economy and its platform-based business model into the supply chain management of SMEs. Therefore, the requirements of SMEs among their supply chains are classified and the idea of the sharing economy is implemented and evaluated. This research presents the applicability and contribution of the principals of the Sharing Economy to the sector of supply chain management in SMEs. This will empower SMEs to improve their current market value.
CLAM – A Method for Cognitive Load Assessment in Manufacturing
Authors: Thorvald Peter  , Lindblom Jessica  , Andreasson Rebecca
Published: February 2025

The increasing complexity and demands of assembly operations in manufacturing has been shown to lead to increased cognitive load in assembly workers. Previous work has outlined the complexity of an assembly worker's situation both in terms of difficulty and speed of work and there have been a few attempts at creating frameworks and methods for understanding the key aspects of what creates increased cognitive load. This paper presents a tool for assessing cognitive load in manufacturing, primarily assembly. The paper presents the method and an accompanying tool as well as some insights derived from this method development. The intended contribution of the work is to make a difference in reducing the cognitive load of assembly workers on the shop floor, thus focusing the development on applicability and usability of the tool in practice.
Research on Key Technology of CNC Machine Tool Intelligent Monitoring System for Smart Factory
Authors: Jiang Jingguo  , Kong Chuipin  , Zhou Xionghui  , Liu Wei  , Niu Qiang
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an intelligent monitoring system of manufacturing process in CNC machine tools through the Internet in order to improve the production process control. The monitoring system, based on SINUMERIK 840D is developed with the function of real-time data acquisition, storage and management, statistics and analysis. By means of the HMI Programming Package, an OEM development kit provided by Siemens, the machine data acquisition program is developed to read the bottom layer NC/PLC variables, such as NC program, cutting speed, spindle speed, alarm, etc., which are sent to the server through RJ45 network interface. Therefore, different roles from the factory can monitor the machine status and make scientific decisions by viewing the required statistical and analyzed data of the machine tool on the computers or mobile phones anywhere and anytime, which is very meaningful for the smart factory.
Definition, Parameterisation and Standardisation of Machine-Specified Data Process in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Xiao Jinhua  , Anwer Nabil  , Durupt Alexandre  , Le Duigou Julien  , Eynard Benoit
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the definition, parameterisation, standardisation of information model of machine-specified process in additive manufacturing. Due to the poor information sharing and exchange of Additive Manufacturing (AM) machine-specified process, we propose to model process activities using Integrated Definition for Functional Modelling (IDEF0). First, machine-specified information is defined to mainly focus on tool operations and mechanism effects for solidification process. Then, parameterisation of this process enables to review design, material, process and testing information for representing relative data structure. Finally, machine-specified process is discussed in the context of STEP-NC standards, which will advance the integration and standardisation of Additive Manufacturing processes.
Hybrid Finishing Induced Surface Integrity of Gears – A Review
Authors: Gupta Kapil  , Mashamba Able
Published: February 2025

This article reports on the surface integrity of gears finished by hybrid processes. The scope is focused on conical gears mainly. The report starts with an introduction to conventional gear finishing processes, their limitations and then considers hybrid gear finishing processes. Details on previous research conducted on hybrid finishing of conical gears and the induced surface integrity are presented and followed by outlook and selected avenues for possible future research. This article aims to summarize the scattered research on hybrid finishing induced surface integrity of conical gears with an aim to encourage sincere future efforts towards establishing these technologies as precision gear finishing processes.
C-MARS-ABM: A Deployment Approach for Cloud Manufacturing
Authors: Mourad Mohamed  , Nassehi Aydin  , Newman Stephen  , Schaefer Dirk
Published: February 2025

Cloud manufacturing is defined as a resource sharing paradigm that provides on-demand access to a pool of manufacturing resources and capabilities aimed at utilising geographically dispersed manufacturing resources in a service-oriented manner. These services are deployed via the Industrial Internet of Things and its underlying IT infrastructure, architecture models, as well as data and information exchange protocols and standards. In this context, interoperability has been identified to be a key enabler for implementing such vertically or horizontally integrated cyber-physical systems for production engineering. Previously, the authors proposed an interoperability framework called C-MARS (Cloud Manufacturing Resource Sharing System) to enable error free and non-ambiguous information transfer between the various components and layers of a typical cloud manufacturing system. The main contribution of this paper concerns the identification of the key process parameters for deploying cloud manufacturing processes via a generic and costing-based operation and deployment model (CMARS-ABM) used to simulate interoperable cloud-based manufacturing scenarios for parts of different complexity, varying production numbers, and service composition setups typical to SMEs of varying sizes. Initial results confirm that Cloud Manufacturing is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and that there are indeed a number of driving parameters that need to be analysed to determine whether or not an investment in cloud manufacturing may be financially beneficial and advisable given a specific scenario.
Multi Robot Path Planning Approach for Dynamic Environnement
Authors: Trimoulet David  , El Zaher Madeleine  , Viazzi Celine  , Sahnoun M'hammed  , Baudry David
Published: February 2025

In order to increase the productivity, mobile robots are actually used to perform several tasks in factories. Nowadays factories tend also to use multi-robots systems. One challenge for mobile robot is the path planning. Different algorithms, like potential field, are proposed in the literature for this issue. In this paper we propose an extension of the potential field algorithm mostly used for single robot system to be used in multi-robots systems. The paper proposed some simulation results that show the efficiency and the limits of the proposal.
Bevel Gear Cutting Using a Disk Tool on a CNC Five-Axis Machine
Authors: Shih Yi-Pei  , Sun Zi-Heng  , Sheen Bor-Tyng
Published: February 2025

Considering flexible manufacturing of large gears in small and medium batch productions, a five-axis CNC machine is a good choice because it is cheaper and easier to be obtained compared to a dedicated bevel gear cutting machine. Company Heller recently released a new cutting method for bevel gears on its five-axis machines. In this method, a disk milling cutter replaces a dedicated face-milling cutterhead. However, its mathematical model is not revealed due to commercial considerations. This research aims to establish a mathematical model of disk tool cutting method based on the target tooth surface. The tooth surface is first approximated using B-Spline surface fitting method for refining cutter-contact (CC) points. The mathematical model of cutting tool is established. The five-axis coordinates of table-table type five-axis machines are then derived through the inverse kinematics. Finally, an experiment is done to verify the correctness of the proposed mathematical models.
Development of a Six-Sigma and TQM Integration Model for Business Excellence
Authors: Saad Sameh M.  , Khamkham Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Due to the importance of six-sigma in reducing the defects in products and processes and its rules in TQM as a useful management philosophy, it is apparent that both six-sigma and TQM should be utilised together in order to empower organisations to implement Six-Sigma and TQM in an integrated manner. The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated conceptual model between six-sigma and TQM to achieve business excellence for manufacturing organisations, the proposed model aims to unify the quality management system and simplify the implementation process to provide impetus and guidance for manufacturing organisations in order to attain better performance and sustainable improvement. Survey questionnaires used to collect practitioners and academic opinion aiming to validate the proposed model, its suitability for manufacture organisation and identifying barriers to successful implementation. The results demonstrated that the proposed model developed is a valuable to practitioners and academics and can help manufacturing organisations to achieve business excellence and attaining sustainable improvement if adopted and applied correctly.