bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ambrosia trifida L. (Giant ragweed)
Authors: Savic Aleksandra
Published: February 2022

Ambrosia trifida L. belongs to the group of invasive weeds, which in
colonized areas cause great damage to the biodiversity of autochthonous
flora and vegetation as well as in plant production. It originates from
North America wherefrom it has spread to many parts of Europe. In Serbia it
is currently locally present in the area of Backa (the northern region of
the country). Early and rapid growth rate, vegetative and generative
production, high degree of morphological and reproductive plasticity have
given it a competitive advantage over many other weeds, hence in many
countries it is considered one of the most problematic weeds in agricultural
production. A. trifida could cause great damage in root crops, vegetable
gardens and orchards and its harmfulness is measured by the negative impact
on biodiversity by suppressing indigenous and other non-indigenous species.
With its allergens, A. trifida negatively affects human health. Observing
its vegetative and generative potential and climate change on the other
hand, recent research indicates the potential for the spread of A. trifida
in our country and in Europe, which could be a serious risk for
agrophytocenoses and the ecosystem as a whole. In 2019, it was added to the
EPPO A2 List of quarantine pests recommended. It can be controlled with the
use of mechanical, biological and chemical measures.
Metronidazole in the prophylaxis and treatment of dogs and cats
Authors: Tomanic Dragana , Kovacevic Zorana , Stojanovic Dragica , Belic Branislava , Stojanac Nenad , Stancic Ivan , Galic Ivan
Published: February 2022

Ever since their discovery, antimicrobials have helped in controlling and
treating infections in both humans and animals. The control of infectious
diseases is endangered by the rise of microorganisms that are resistant to
this group of drugs. Limited availability of authorized veterinary drugs
leads to prescription of human approved drugs. The aim of our study was to
describe metronidazole use patterns and its accordance with scientific
literature in Serbia. Results have shown that majority of prescriptions were
written to dogs, while 27.1% prescriptions were for cats. Most common
general conditions were dental and digestive disorders. Our study shows that
metronidazole is available in oral and injectable form, while cats were only
treated with injectable formulation. Even though pre?scription of human
approved drugs for companion animals is allowed by Law, there is no official
record of data on the extent or nature of off-label use in Serbia. Such
information is essential for guiding antimicrobial use policy in small
animal veterinary practice as well as for assessing the risk of transmission
of antimicrobial resistance to humans. Recognizing the importance of
antimicrobial resistance and ensuring more judicious use of antibiotics are
key elements to any strategy for maintaining the usefulness of antimicrobial
drugs in animals and humans.
An Examination of the Effects of PCAOB Inspection Selection Method and Disclosure of Audit Strengths on Investor Judgments
Authors: Cohen Jeffrey R. , Krishnamoorthy Ganesh , Peytcheva Marietta , Wright Arnold M.
Published: February 2022

The PCAOB, in its inspection process, has historically focused on reporting audit deficiencies and used a risk-weighted selection method. In two experiments (focusing on a “micro” and a “macro” investment), we take a “what if” exploratory public policy perspective of evaluating the potential effects on investors' audit quality judgments and investment decisions of two evolving PCAOB inspection practices: disclosure of audit strengths and deficiencies, and the use of a random inspection selection method. In both experiments, we manipulate: inspection reporting (only deficiencies under the historical PCAOB inspection reporting; only deficiencies under a “balanced” PCAOB reporting; or a report where strengths are present but outnumbered by deficiencies) and inspection selection method (risk-weighted or random). We find that disclosure of audit strengths is highly relevant to investment decisions, through influencing investors' audit quality assessments and confidence in financial reporting. Investors also consider inspection selection method in macro-level, but not in micro-level judgments.
Visual analysis of nigrosome-1 in the differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor
Authors: Moskalenko AN , Filatov AS , Fedotova EYu , Konovalov RN , Illarioshkin SN
Published: February 2022

Differentiation between Parkinson’s disease, especially in its early stages, and essential tremor, which is a phenotypically similar movement disorder, still remains an unsolved challenge for neurology. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic significance of nigrosome imaging (nigrosomes are dopaminergic neuron clusters in the substantia nigra of the midbrain) using 3T high-resolution SW-MRI. The study was conducted in 20 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 10 patients with essential tremor. Visual analysis of the acquired nigrosome-1 images was performed using a 4-point ordinal rating scale. Differences in sex, age and duration of the disease were calculated using the Fisher exact test and the Mann–Whitney U test. The diagnostic value of the method was assessed using Pearson’s chisquared test. Nigrosome-1 was bilaterally or unilaterally absent in 70% of parkinsonian patients. Less specific changes to the substantia nigra (SN) were observed in two more parkinsonian patients (10%), whose nigrosome-1 appeared reduced in size. By contrast, nigrosome-1 was bilaterally intact in all patients (100%) with essential tremor (p < 0.001). Our preliminary findings demonstrate the high potential of noninvasive nigrosome-1 imaging in the differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor.
Comparison of Alcohol and Cannabis Motives and Context of Use among United Kingdom Students
Authors: Yuniardi Muhamad Salis , Rodgers Jacqueline , Freeston Mark Henry
Published: February 2022

Considerable efforts have been made over a long period of time to understand the variability in substance use and the causal factors underlying it. Therefore, this study aimed to compare motives and the context of alcohol and cannabis use based on a novel measure named the Newcastle Substance Use Questionnaire (NSUQ). Participants were recruited from five universities in the United Kingdom. A total of 58 participants reported using of both alcohol and cannabis during the previous year of the study. Comparisons of motives and context were conducted using General Linear Model - Repeated Measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) through International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 21.0. There are differences and similarities regarding motives and contexts of alcohol and cannabis use. “Improving social interaction” was the highest rated on alcohol use, whereas “improving cognitive performance” was the highest rated on cannabis use. Additionally, the most frequent context for both substances is “using with friends”.

Bermacam upaya telah dilakukan dalam jangka waktu lama untuk memahami variasi dalam penggunaan zat adiktif dan faktor yang melatarbelakanginya. Studi ini bertujuan membandingkan motif dan konteks penggunaan alkohol dan ganja, dengan menggunakan instrumen pengukuran baru bernama Newcastle Substance Use Questionnaire (NSUQ). Partisipan direkrut dari lima universitas di Britania Raya. Sebanyak 58 partisipan melaporkan penggunaan keduanya dalam setahun terakhir dari waktu pelaksanaan studi ini. Perbandingan motif dan konteks penggunaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan General Linear Model - Repeated Measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada program International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) versi 21.0. Ada perbedaan dan persamaan terkait motif dan konteks penggunaan alkohol dan ganja. “Membantu meningkatkan interaksi sosial” adalah motif dengan skor tertinggi terkait penggunaan alkohol, sedangkan “meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif” adalah motif dengan skor tertinggi terkait penggunaan ganja. Selanjutnya, konteks penggunaan yang paling sering terjadi pada penggunaan keduanya adalah “menggunakan bersama teman”.
Escaping detection: illegal second marriages and the crime of bigamy
Authors: Probert Rebecca
Published: February 2022

Official statistics on the number of prosecutions for bigamy clearly cannot be taken as an accurate guide to the number who went through a ceremony of marriage with a second ‘spouse’ while still married to their first. Nonetheless, when we compare those who were prosecuted with those who were not, the differences that emerge should make us cautious in assuming that the offence was common. There is evidence to suggest that many of the unprosecuted may not have been bigamists at all, given how long they waited to remarry. Even those who did not wait may have believed or persuaded themselves that their first spouse was dead and that they were entitled to remarry. Others adopted tactics to ensure that their bigamous marriage would not be discovered, with most moving considerable distances before remarrying and a few adopting aliases to disguise their identity. The data from the sample suggests that it was the fact that most of these bigamies were undetected, rather than tolerance of bigamy within the community, that explains why they escaped prosecution.
ROLE OF BIOFERTILIZER TO INCREASE CAYSIM YIELD, N AND P RESIDUES AND THEIR PLANT UPTAKE
Authors: Hindersah Reginawanti , Syntianis Adita Rizky , Setiawan Ade , Devnita Rina
Published: January 2022

Consortium biofertilizer containing Nitrogen (N) Fixing Bacteria and Phosphate (P) Solubilizing Bacteria may substitute inorganic fertilizer in vegetable production. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of some combinations and doses of consortium biofertilizer and NPK compound fertilizer on available N and P in the soil, fresh weight of caysim (Brassica chinensis L. var. parachinensis.), and their uptake by caisim shoots after grown in low fertility soil. The experimental design was a randomized block design consisting of seven combinations and doses of consortium biofertilizer and compound fertilizer; and three control treatments. All treatments were repeated three times. The results showed that the combination of the which combination treatment of inorganic fertilizer and biofertilizer had a significant effect on the fresh weight of caysim shoots, available P and N and P uptake after harvesting compared to the biofertilizer treatment alone or without fertilization. Several treatments of combined doses of biofertilizers and NPK compound fertilizer produced the same yield as NPK compound fertilizer alone. The application of 300 kg/ha of compound fertilizer combined with 3,75 L/ha of biofertilizer enabled to increase the yield up to 16% compared to NPK fertilizer alone. This experiment explained that inoculation of biofertilizers can reduce the dose of NPK fertilizer to maintain yield, available P residue in soil and P uptake
Sutil cotejo categorial del idealismo teórico de Schelling (1800) respecto del de Fichte (1794/5)
Authors: Franco Bonifaz Nazahed
Published: February 2022

La naturaleza sistemática de la filosofía idealista de Schelling (1800) y la de Fichte (1794/5) hace desde sí lícita la pregunta por la sutil comparación, proposición por proposición, en ambas filosofías, dedicada a exhibir con máxima exactitud las categorías distribuidas desde el primer principio hasta el término de sus sistemas. Para acotar el asunto, la comparativa entre ambos se dará en dirección de Schelling a Fichte desde el principio hasta finalizar la parte teórica de su pensamiento. Se analizará lo convenido en el primero, y se le comparará hasta donde sea permitido con el segundo: I) se contrastarán los primeros principios, II) deducciones intermedias de los principios, III) el cuadro de la cualidad, IV) cantidad, V) relación), VI) modalidad, tanto de la intuición como de la reflexión.
A Short Logical Review of the Kalām Cosmological Argument
Authors: Castro-Manzano J-Martin
Published: February 2022

n this short contribution we discuss the logical validity of the Kalām cosmological argument as presented by W. L. Craig. This discussion suggests the argument fails at being logically valid if we admit a distinction between first and second order variables.
Odczyn (pH) i zawartość makroelementów w glebach po powodzi w dolinie środkowej Wisły
Authors: BEDNAREK WIESŁAW , TKACZYK PRZEMYSŁAW , DRESLER SŁAWOMIR
Published: February 2022

W badaniach środowiskowych przeprowadzonych na Lubelszczyźnie (dolina środkowej Wisły) oceniano pHKCl i zawartość przyswajalnych form P, K i Mg w glebach po powodzi w 2010 r. Próby glebowe pobrano z warstwy 0–20cm z 1466 użytków rolnych. Badania przeprowadzono na powierzchni 6927 ha. pHKCl gleb wahało się w zakresie 5,05–6,73. Najbardziej zakwaszone były gleby w gminie Łaziska (odczyn kwaśny), a najmniej w gminach Józefów i Janowiec (odczyn obojętny). Zasobność gleb w fosfor przyswajalny w gminach Puławy, Łaziska, Stężyca i Wilków była średnia, w gminach Janowiec i Józefów – wysoka; zależała od kategorii agronomicznej oraz od odczynu. Zawartość potasu przyswajalnego w glebach wynosiła od 107,5 do 129,2 mg K kg-1. Była najmniejsza w glebach lekkich, a największa w średnich i ciężkich. W glebach lekko kwaśnych, obojętnych i zasadowych była istotnie większa niż w glebach bardzo kwaśnych i kwaśnych. Zawartość magnezu przyswajalnego w glebach badanego rejonu wahała się od 90,5 do 160,7 mg Mg kg-1. Zasobność gleb bardzo lekkich w ten pierwiastek była wysoka, gleb lekkich, średnich i ciężkich – bardzo wysoka. Najmniej Mg przyswajalnego było w glebach bardzo kwaśnych, a najwięcej – w glebach obojętnych. Stwierdzono, że zawartość przyswajalnych form P, K i Mg zależała istotnie i dodatnio od kategorii agronomicznej (z wyjątkiem P przyswajalnego) i pH gleby. Oceniane właściwości gleby po powodzi nie różniły się od odnotowanej przed powodzią. Przedstawione opracowanie może stanowić podstawę do porównań podobnych zdarzeń, które mogą zaistnieć w przyszłości.
Complementary description of Kuzinellus niloticus (El-Badry) (Acari, Mesostigmata) from Egypt
Authors: Abo-Shnaf Reham , Attia Sahar Ali
Published: February 2022

This paper provides a complementary description of Kuzinellus niloticus (El-Badry) based on specimens recently collected on mandarin orange orchards, Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae) at Sohag governorate, Egypt. The mite specimens were extracted using modified Tullgren funnels. This predator could have a role as possible biological control agent for some pests on citrus trees.
Ao espelho: autorretrato de Ana Hatherly
Authors: Jorge Ferreira Teresa
Published: February 2022

Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma leitura da composição poética “Auto-retrato” de Ana Hatherly (A idade da escrita, 1998), que define “o [seu] retrato” como “lúcido espelho”. Analisando a estrutura tríptica de “Auto-retrato”, integrativa de um soneto da autora e de dois sonetos de poetisas barrocas dos séculos XVII e XVIII, e explorando a tradição associada às expressões “Este que vês” e “oculto”, três vezes repetidas no soneto de Hatherly, observa-se que a autora enceta um intenso diálogo com outras vozes para afirmar a sua arte poética. “Auto-retrato” experimenta o difícil jogo da recriação-recreação promovido por Hatherly na sua obra.
Ninfa seniana: uma travessia por Metamorfoses
Authors: Genelhu Fagundes Mônica
Published: February 2022

Este artigo investiga a presença da figura da Ninfa em Metamorfoses (1963), de Jorge de Sena, reconhecendo nesse livro ecfrástico, concebido como uma pequena história da humanidade através da arte, a personagem obsedante, tornada alegoria teórica do pensamento de Aby Warburg. Essa aproximação, mais do que o simples estudo de um tema recorrente, permite uma compreensão mais profunda do projeto do livro de Sena, bem como uma reflexão sobre a teoria da história e a concepção de humanidade que nele se apresentam.
Poesia e ekphrasis
Authors: Costa Alexandre Rodrigues da , Barbosa Rodrigo Garcia Barbosa
Published: February 2022

Apresentação à Texto Poético 35
PEMASANGAN LUBANG RESAPAN BIOPORI DI RW 20, DESA CIANGSANA, KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Winarni Winarni , Yanidar Ramadhani , Seanders Olivia
Published: February 2022

Cantik eco-friendly village (KRL Cantik) - RW 20, in Ciangsana Village, Bogor Regency, had a target to install 1000 biopore infiltration holes (LRBs) to increase the groundwater recharge. Supporting this program, the PkM team of Environmental Engineering Study Program provided assistance to the KRL Cantik Management with the aim of increasing the insight and understanding of the RW 20 residents regarding water conservation and the installment of LRBs in accordance to technical requirements that will avoid the groundwater contamination. The methods used are (i) providing educational materials to the representatives of RW 20 residents through direct explanationa and leaflets regarding rainwater runoff, groundwater recharge, and the LRBs benefits, (ii) providing training for LRB installation in site i.e the Balai RW 20, and (iii) providing a video of activities to disseminate the installment of 1000 LRBs by KRL Cantik Management to all residents of RW20. The result of this activity is an increase in residents' understanding of the implications of installing LRB in their respective homes to the increasing ground water capacity.
FITOREMEDIASI DENGAN SISTIM LAHAN BASAH BUATAN MENGGUNAKAN TANAMAN PAKIS AIR (Azolla pinnata) UNTUK MENGOLAH AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK
Authors: Fachrul Melati Ferianita , Magfhira Azzahra , Kinasih Prasasti , Salsabila Difa , Marchella Eunike
Published: February 2022

Air limbah rumah tangga sering kali menimbulkan permasalahan ketidakseimbangan ekosistem apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efisiensi penyisihan konsentrasi air limbah domestik grey water terhadap parameter BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), dan Amoniak. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan 1 Juni – 13 Agustus 2021 di Laboratorium Lingkungan Universitas Trisakti, dengan menggunakan 1 (satu) unit reaktor Lahan Basah Buatan terbuat dari kaca berukuran ukuran: panjang x lebar x tinggi = 90 cm x 30 cm x 50 cm menggunakan tanaman Pakis Air (Azolla pinnata) sebagai fitoremedian dengan waktu tinggal 2, 4, 6, 8 dan 10 hari. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh diketahui efisiensi penyisihan setiap parameter (BOD, COD, dan Amoniak) menggunakan lahan basah buatan dengan tanaman Pakis Air (Azolla pinnata) adalah 32,83% untuk BOD, 29,72% untuk COD, dan 18,01% untuk Amoniak. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa tanaman Pakis Air mampu mereduksi pencemar pada air limbah domestic khususnya terhadap jenis grey water. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teknologi tepat guna dalam bidang bioteknologi lingkungan yaitu pengolahan air limbah dengan sistem yang mempunyai teknologi sederhana, biaya murah, hemat energi dan ramah lingkungan yang mampu menciptakan tingkat higienis dan kenyaman masyarakat serta menjaga keberlangsungan lingkungan dimasa depan
Pembiayaan Hutang dan Inovasi Perusahaan Go-Publik di Indonesia
Authors: Kawengian Fergie Rachel , Leon Farah Margaretha
Published: February 2022

Inovasi perusahaan adalah salah satu fenomena yang terpenting untuk di pelajari di dunia yang cepat berubah saat ini. Inovasi perusahaan terletak di jantung perusahaan yang berkembang pesat, memiliki peran yang sangat penting untuk menentukan keberhasilan bisnis, kinerja, dan keberlangsungan jangka panjang serta menjadi sumber kehidupan dari organisasi atau perusahaaan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat memperkaya literatur bisnis dan keuangan karena banyak penelitian sebelumnya yang mengukur kinerja perusahaan hanya dari satu sisi saja yaitu penjualan atau profitabilitas dan belum memasukkan variable moderasi yang mungkin dapat mempengaruhi kuat lemahnya dampak pengeluaran R&D. Variabel dependen dari penelitian ini adalah pembiayaan R&D, variabel independen adalah pembiayaan hutang dan variabel control yaitu struktur aset, ukuran perusahaan, umur perusahaan, komisaris independen dan pemegang saham Sampel diambil dari perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2017-2020. Jumlah populasi penelitian ini adalah 237 perusahaan dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 24 perusahaan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah Uji Chow, Uji Hausman, Lagrange Multiplier dan uji individu (uji-t). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  Pembiayaan Hutang 1 mempunyai pengaruh negatif signifikan yang dihitung berdasarkan R&D/Penjualan, Pembiayaan hutang tidak mempunyai pengaruh signifikan yang dihitung berdasarkan R&D/Aset . Penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi para manajer perusahaan dalam merancang kebijakan biaya R&D yang dikeluarkan perusahaan, jika dilihat dari struktur aset dan struktur modal dalam hal ini memperhatikan pembiayaan hutang. Perbedaan penelitian ini dari penelitian sebelumnya adalah menambah variable struktur aset dan komisaris independen yang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap inovasi perusahaan yaitu pembiayaan R&D
IMPLIKASI DAN MANFAAT PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN MERDEKA BELAJAR KAMPUS MERDEKA BAGI MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI
Authors: Septiani Winnie , Rinanti Astri , Dewayana Triwulandari Satitidjati , Fachrul Melati Feuranita , Ischak Mohammad , Murwonugroho Wegig
Published: February 2022

Kebijakan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) memberikan tantangan dan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan kreativitas, kemandirian, kapasitas dan kebutuhan mahasiswa di luar program studi dan di luar Perguruan Tinggi selama tiga semester.  Kebijakan MBKM yang sesuai dengan Permendikbud No 3 tahun 2020 mulai dilaksanakan pada beberapa Program Studi di Universitas Trisakti pada semester Gasal 2020/2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap kebjiakan MBKM dan menganalisis implikasi serta manfaat kebijakan MBKM bagi mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan survey dengan metode total sampling. Instrumen penelitian berasal dari dua sumber yaitu survey Spada yang dilakukan oleh Dikti dan survey yang dirancang oleh universitas trisakti.  Penelitian ini dilakukan pada semua civitas akademika, akan tetapi pada paper ini bahasan dibatasi pada survey yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa Universitas Trisakti S1, seluruh angkatan dan semua program studi. Hasil analisis menunjukan  bahwa pemahaman mahasiswa tentang MBKM ini masih kecil, akan tetapi 60.87% menyatakan tertarik untuk mengikuti program MKBM. Tiga Program MBKM yang diminati mahasiswa adalah pertukaran pelajar, Magang/Praktik kerja dan kewirausahaan. Mahasiswa menilai implikasi pelaksanaan MBKM ini pada keterampilan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang kompleks, memperluas perspektif, bekal bekerja setelah lulus, peningkatan soft skill dan persiapan menghadapi masa paska kampus.
Faktor Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Produksi Kerupuk Mie Singkong Pada Industri Rumah Tangga Di Desa Cikukulu Kecamatan Karangnunggal Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Pradina Yopanda Aditya , Rochdiani Dini , Setia Budi
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kerupuk mie singkong di Desa Cikukulu Kecamatan Karangnunggal Kabupaten Tasikmalaya serta mencari faktor yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi produksi kerupuk mie singkong. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey, dengan subjek penelitian kepada perajin industri rumah tangga kerupuk mie singkong yang berada di Desa Cikukulu Kecamatan Karangnunggal Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan, bahwa secara simultan faktor modal, tenaga kerja dan bahan baku berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi. Sedangkan secara parsial modal dan bahan baku berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi, namun tenaga kerja berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap produksi. Faktor yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi produksi kerupuk mie singkong di kecamatan Cikulu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya adalah  bahan baku.
Mastering the Topic, the Message, and the Delivery: Leveraging the Social Marketing Mix to Better Implement Sports Injury Prevention Programs
Authors: Chia Lionel , Fuller Colin W. , Taylor David , Pappas Evangelos
Published: February 2022

Synopsis

Social marketing is successful at tackling global health threats and social change but has not been fully explored in sports injury prevention contexts. The social marketing mix (product, price, place, and promotion) can help create exercise-based injury prevention programs with high-value propositions that will be relevant to their implementation (adoption, adherence, maintenance). To improve the real-world effectiveness of injury prevention programs, we share steps that researchers and sports administrators can take tomorrow to leverage the social marketing mix to encourage downstream consumers, such as coaches, clinicians, parents, and athletes, to implement injury prevention programs. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(2):55–59. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10839
Principais características da síndrome de Takotsubo: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Santos Maria Thereza Castilho dos , Fonseca Gabriel de Lima Machado da , Corrêa Marianna da Cunha , Fonseca Tarcila Silveira de Paula , Cerqueira João Pedro Franco , Marins Thales Montela , Sarmento Phelipe Von Der Heide , Oliveira Aline de Jesus , Sousa Marianna Ramalho de , Siqueira Emílio Conceição de
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Revisar e analisar as características da Síndrome de Takotsubo (STT). Revisão bibliográfica: A cardiomiopatia de takotsubo é também conhecida porsíndrome do coração partido, sendo um episódio com clínica semelhante a uma síndrome coronariana aguda, porém sem sinais de obstrução aos exames de imagem que normalmente é precedido por um evento estressor emocional ou físico.  O grupo mais atingido são de mulheres menopausadas, devendo-se ter atenção especial a queixas nessa população. O diagnóstico é realizado a partir da exclusão de infarto e o tratamento é sintomático de acordo com as complicações. O prognóstico costuma ser benigno com resolução do quadro, quando há sequelas a principal é a insuficiência cardíaca. Considerações finais: A STT é uma patologia pouco frequente e, muitas vezes, subdiagnosticada por simular os sinais e sintomas de uma SCA e pelo desconhecimento dos médicos acerca de sua existência. Consiste, nesse contexto, em um diagnóstico de exclusão que deve ter atenção, pois apesar de seu curso benigno não é isenta de complicações. Nesse sentido, é essencial a capacitação dos profissionais de saúde para a síndrome e principalmente para os seus fatores de risco como ser mulher menopausada, por exemplo, a fim de propiciar melhor cuidado ao paciente.
Plant growth promotional studies of novel PGPR strains isolated from the rhizosphere of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.)Bosser plantations in Narasipuram, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Menon Sangeetha , Varadharajan Mohan
Published: February 2022

Forests of Indian subcontinent are one of the biodiversity hot spots of the world. They are the second-largest inland use next to agriculture, yet possess a high degree of endemism. Plantation forestry in India was initiated mainly for the production of industrial raw materials as well as fuelwood and fodder from exotic species. The increase in demand for industrial raw material has spurred the rise in plantations of fast-growing native tree species. Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser is a native tree species whose wood has been largely used in the pulpwood and pencil industry for making boards, plywood, packing cases, tea-boxes, carving and turnery articles. Supplementation of these native trees with effective bio inoculants will improve and maintain the soil fertility and sustainability in the natural soil ecosystem besides providing economic benefits. In the present study, the diversity of PGPR was assessed in the rhizosphere of N. cadamba plantations in Narasipuram, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. 33 PGPR isolates from N. cadamba rhizosphere were isolated viz. four species of Azotobacter, three species of Azospirillum and six different PSB species. The isolates were studied for their plant growth promotional abilities such as Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) production and phosphate solubilization.
Carbon nanotubes as a potential adsorbent for the treatment of wastewater
Authors: Ahmaruzzaman Md.
Published: February 2022

Water pollution due to heavy metal ions and organic compounds has emerged as a global concern. Among various methods for wastewater treatment such as advanced oxidation process, photodegradation, reverse osmosis etc. adsorption is an economical and effective method. Researchers have focused attention for the developement of low-cost efficient materials for the adsorption of toxic metals and organic pollutants from aqueous streams. The discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has led to a new and interesting area of research. In this context, CNTs are effectively used for the removal of various pollutants from water and wastewater. This study summarises various raw and surface modified CNTs as effective adsorbent materials for the wastewater treatment. Adsorption kinetics and mechanism are also discussed in this study. The adsorption is due to the chemical attractions between pollutants and functional groups on the surface of carbon nanotubes. The adsorption efficiency of CNTs is enhanced by oxidation with common oxidising agents such as nitric acid, potassium dichromate and sodium oxychloride. Surface oxidised CNTs have the potential to be excellent adsorbent materials for water remediation purposes. Various factors affecting the adsorption capacity of CNTs are discussed. Acid elution is reported to be an effective method for the regeneration of CNTs without affecting their adsorption capacity. Lastly, the future prospects for the development of CNTs as efficient, low-cost and nontoxic materials for remediation of water pollutants are also addressed.
Discrimination of Pineapples Varieties based on Volatile Organic Compounds using Chromatographic and Chemometrics Analysis
Authors: Osman Rozita , Zainuddin Syaidatul Faraha , Juahir Hafizan , Zakaria Siti Raihan , Raja Sabaradin Raja Zubaidah
Published: February 2022

This study analyzed the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of four different pineapple varieties (MD2, Sarawak, Josephine and Morris). Head Space-Solid Phase Micro Extraction (HS-SPME) was used to extract the VOCs of those pineapples using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Analysis of pineapples extracts identified many types of VOCS including esters, alcohols, terpenes, aldehydes, ketones, saturated hydrocarbons and phenols. Thirtyfive selected VOCs were used for varietal discrimination using chemometrics techniques namely principal components analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA) and discriminant analysis (DA). The application of PCA and CA was able to group the pineapple samples according to their varieties based on their respective VOCs. Standard mode DA had discriminated the samples with 98.75% correctness using all 35 VOCs. The identification of significant compounds found in the studied samples was successfully confirmed (p<0.05) by PCA. The total variance of PC1 and PC2 is 63.34% exhibiting that the ester compounds show strong and moderate loading values. One of the unique identifiers is the presence of β-Myrcene with a loading value 0.93 found in PC1 where it is described as pleasant terpenes odor and balsamic descriptor. GCMS and chemometric techniques provided meaningful chemically quantitative data.
Microwave assisted Williamson Ether Synthesis in the absence of Phase Transfer Catalyst
Authors: Kulkarni P.P. , Kulkarni A.M.
Published: February 2022

An efficient, economical and eco-friendly microwave assisted protocol for protection of phenolic hydroxyl group is reported. The protocol enables preparation of diphenyl ethers by treatment of various phenols with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene in absence of any auxiliary substance such as phase transfer catalyst. This microwave assisted Williamson reaction is more practical and greener way for preparing diphenyl ethers which are useful as agrochemicals.
Synthesis and characterization of copolymer Poly [(Thiophene-2, 5-diyl)-co-para methoxy benzylidene] doped with Cobalt acetate using Oxidative polymerization
Authors: Mahashabde J.P. , Patel S.N. , Patil A.M. , Sonawane J.P.
Published: February 2022

A one pot oxidative polymerization technique is used to synthesize copolymer Poly [(thiophene-2, 5-diyl)-copara methoxy benzylidene]. In this technique we used catalyst POCl3 and 1, 4 dioxane solvent for copolymerization of para methoxy benzaldehyde with thiophene. One pot method takes around 24 hours. Doped copolymer was synthesized in presence of 0.2gm cobalt acetate. Catalyst is removed using ammonia. Products are obtained using menthol. UV–Vis, FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, BET and TGA are used to analyze physical properties of undoped and doped copolymers. The polycrystalline phase is confirmed using structural analysis. Interconnected nonoporous structure is indicated by surface morphology. The nano crystalline sizes of undoped and doped forms are 44 nm and 55 nm respectively. The surface area changed due to cobalt doping of copolymer from 3000 to 47900cm2/g. Both copolymers are thermally stable up to 280oC confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. Optical absorption studies proved that band gap changed from 2.93 to 2.83 eV after doping and two-probe method was used to calculate conductivity values as 1.34 x 10-9to 7.54 x 10-8 S/cm for undoped and doped copolymers. Both undoped and doped copolymers have several uses like semiconducting material and energy storage in the field of conducting polymers.
Heavy Metal Absorption and Phytoremediation Capacity of Macrophytes of Polachira Wetland of Kollam District, Kerala, India
Authors: Nizar Najila , George Anila
Published: February 2022

The current research was carried out to estimate the concentration of heavy metals in water and aquatic macrophytes (Hydrilla verticillata, Salvinia minima and Eichornia crassipes) collected from the Polachira wetland of Kollam district, Kerala during the summer season of the year 2020. The water from the Polchira wetland was used for irrigating the agricultural land. Water and plant samples were collected from four different sites and were analyzed for heavy metals like Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Cd and Cr using AAS. The results indicated that the mean heavy metal contents in aquatic macrophytes were in the order of Fe>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd. It was also highlighted that among the three aquatic macrophytes, Salvinia minima was observed to be the hyperaccumulator of zinc, copper, lead and cadmium whereas Hydrilla verticillata shows the hyperaccumulation of iron and chromium. The highest metal bioaccumulation factor was obtained for zinc, lead and iron by Salvinia minima and chromium accumulation by Hydrilla verticillata. The bioaccumulation factor for different metals in macrophytes followed a decreasing order as Salvinia minima >Hydrilla verticillata > Eichhornia crassipes. The level of heavy metals studied in water samples showed that copper, cadmium and chromium exceeded the maximum limit prescribed by irrigation standards. Our results manifest the capability of these aquatic macrophytes to act as bio accumulators and bioindicators.
Quantum annealing learning search implementations
Authors: Bonomi Andrea , De Min Thomas , Zardini Enrico , Blanzieri Enrico , Cavecchia Valter , Pastorello Davide
Published: February 2022

This paper presents the details and testing of two implementations (in C++ and Python) of the hybrid quantum-classical algorithm Quantum Annealing Learning Search (QALS) on a D-Wave quantum annealer. QALS was proposed in 2019 as a novel technique to solve general QUBO problems that cannot be directly represented into the hardware architecture of a D-Wave machine. Repeated calls to the quantum machine within a classical iterative structure and a related convergence proof originate a learning mechanism to find an encoding of a given problem into the quantum architecture. The present work considers the Number Partitioning Problem (NPP) and the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) for the testing of QALS. The results turn out to be quite unexpected, with QALS not being able to perform as well as the other considered methods, especially in NPP, where classical methods outperform quantum annealing in general. Nevertheless, looking at the TSP tests, QALS has fulfilled its primary goal, i.e., processing QUBO problems not directly mappable to the QPU topology.
Oxidative desulfurization pathway for complete catabolism of sulfoquinovose by bacteria
Authors: Sharma Mahima , Lingford James , Petricevic Marija , Snow Alexander , Zhang Yunyang , Jarva Michael , Mui Janice , Scott Nichollas , Saunders Eleanor , Mao Runyao , Epa Ruwan , da Silva Bruna , Pires Douglas , Ascher David , McConville Malcolm , Davies Gideon , Williams Spencer , Goddard-Borger Ethan
Published: February 2022

Catabolism of sulfoquinovose (SQ, 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose), the ubiquitous sulfosugar produced by photosynthetic organisms, is an important component of the biogeochemical carbon and sulfur cycles. Here, we describe a new pathway for SQ degradation that involves oxidative desulfurization to release sulfite and enable utilization of the entire carbon skeleton of the sugar to support the growth of the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens. SQ or its glycoside sulfoquinovosyl glycerol (SQGro) are imported into the cell by an ABC transporter system with an associated SQ binding protein. A sulfoquinovosidase hydrolyses the SQ glycoside and the liberated SQ is acted on by a flavin mononucleotide-dependent sulfoquinovose monooxygenase, in concert with an NADH-dependent flavin reductase, to release sulfite and 6-oxo-glucose. An NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase reduces the 6-oxo-glucose to glucose, enabling entry into primary metabolic pathways. Structural and biochemical studies provide detailed insights into the recognition of key metabolites by proteins in this pathway. Bioinformatic analyses reveal that the sulfoquinovose monooxygenase (smo) pathway is distributed across Alpha- and Betaproteobacteria and is especially prevalent within the Rhizobiales order. This strategy for SQ catabolism is distinct from previously described pathways as it enables the complete utilization of all carbons within SQ by a single organism with concomitant production of inorganic sulfite.
Tandem Friedel-Crafts-Alkylation-Enantioselective-Protonation by Artificial Enzyme Iminium Catalysis
Authors: Leveson-Gower Reuben , de Boer Ruben , Roelfes Gerard
Published: February 2022

The incorporation of organocatalysts into protein scaffolds, i.e. the production of organocatalytic artificial enzymes, holds the promise of overcoming some of the limitations of this powerful catalytic approach. In particular, transformations for which good reactivity or selectivity is challenging for organocatalysts may find particular benefit from translation into a protein scaffold so that its chiral microenvironment can be utilised in catalysis. Previously, we showed that incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid para-aminophenylalanine into the non-enzymatic protein scaffold LmrR forms a proficient and enantioselective artificial enzyme (LmrR_pAF) for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles with enals. The unnatural aniline side-chain is directly involved in catalysis, operating via a well-known organocatalytic iminium-based mechanism. In this study, we show that LmrR_pAF can enantioselectively form tertiary carbon centres not only during C-C bond formation, but also by enantioselective protonation. Control over this process is an ongoing challenge for small-molecule catalysts for which general solutions do not exist. LmrR_pAF can selectively deliver a proton to one face of a prochiral enamine intermediate delivering product enantiomeric excesses and yields that rival the best organocatalyst for this transformation. The importance of various side-chains in the pocket of LmrR is distinct from the Friedel-Crafts reaction without enantioselective protonation, and two particularly important residues were probed by exhaustive mutagenesis. This study shows how organocatalytic artificial enzymes can provide solutions to transformations which otherwise require empirical optimisation and design of multifunctional small molecule catalysts.
Structure-Activity Relationship and Bioactivity Studies of Neurotrophic trans-Banglene
Authors: Gohil Khyati , Kazmi M. Zain , Williams Florence
Published: February 2022

Neurotrophic small molecule natural products are functional analogs of signaling proteins called neurotrophins, which cause a pro-growth, pro-survival, or pro-differentiation response in neuronal cells. While these phenotypic responses are desirable to combat neurodegenerative disease progression, the pharmacokinetic properties of neurotrophins present challenges to their administration. Therefore, neurotrophic small molecules such as the cis- and trans-banglenes offer attractive alternatives. We describe the synthesis and testing of banglene derivatives and establish a structure-activity response for the banglene family. We demonstrate that (–) trans-banglene is the primarily active enantiomer, and that select modifications on the cyclohexene ring of trans-banglene do not significantly impair its bioactivity. Finally, we demonstrate that (–) trans-banglene potentiation of NGF induced neuritogenesis is unaffected by the presence of these Erk1/2, Akt and Pkc inhibitors. Our structure-activity results also suggest that (–) trans-banglene neurotrophic activity and its potentiation of NGF activity might be distinct unassociated processes.
Long-lifetime, potentially low-cost anthraquinone flow battery chemistry developed from study of effects of water-solubilizing group and connection to core
Authors: Jing Yan , Fell Eric , Wu Min , Jin Shijian , Ji Yunlong , Pollack Daniel , Tang Zhijiang , Ding Dian , Bahari Meisam , Goulet Marc-Antoni , Tsukamoto Tatsuhiro , Gordon Roy , Aziz Michael
Published: February 2022

Water-soluble anthraquinones (AQs) hold great promise serving as redox-active species in aqueous organic redox flow batteries. Systematic investigations into how the properties of redox molecules depend on the water-solubilizing groups and the way in which they are bound to the redox core are, however, still lacking. We introduce water-solubilizing groups linked to anthraquinone by C=C bonds via Heck cross-coupling reactions and convert C=C bonds to CC bonds through hydrogenation. The anthraquinone and the ending groups are connected via branched or straight chains with either unsaturated or saturated bonds. We investigate the influence of water-solubilizing chains and ionic ending groups on redox potentials of molecules and identify three important trends. (1): The electron-withdrawing ending groups can affect redox potentials of AQs with two unsaturated hydrocarbons on the chains through π-conjugation. (2): For chains with two saturated or unsaturated straight hydrocarbons, water-solubilizing ending groups increase redox potentials of the AQs in the order of PO32
Is ice formation by sea spray particles at cirrus temperatures controlled by crystalline salts?
Authors: Patnaude Ryan , Perkins Russell , Kreidenweis Sonia , DeMott Paul
Published: February 2022

The ice nucleating ability of sea spray aerosols (SSA) has been explored in recent years due to the abundance of SSA in the atmosphere. The role of SSA in ice nucleation extends to cirrus clouds, due to processes that loft SSA to the upper troposphere. This is of special relevance because of the frequent occurrence of cirrus in the atmosphere, their role in the Earth’s radiative balance, and uncertainties regarding how aerosols may affect their formation and evolution. In this study, a continuous flow diffusion chamber (CFDC) is used to investigate the ice nucleating ability of size-selected particle distributions of SSA and its primary constituent sodium chloride (NaCl) at temperatures < 235 K. Results show that above ~220 K, the majority of SSA and NaCl particles fully deliquesce and freeze via homogeneous nucleation at or below water relative humidities, RHw, of ~ 95%. However, below 220 K, the onset RHw of freezing for NaCl and SSA is much lower, at ~75%, where strong heterogeneous freezing of 10% of the aerosol population occurs. Similar heterogeneous freezing behavior for NaCl and SSA aerosols, occurring near their predicted deliquescence RHw, points towards SSA freezing at the lowest temperatures being controlled by the crystalline salts. Finally, calculations of ice nucleation active surface site densities show that particle size does not dictate the efficiency of freezing for NaCl and SSA. These results indicate SSA as a potentially significant source of ice nucleating particles at cirrus temperatures, with the ability to contribute to cirrus-mediated climate impacts if sea spray emission and transport scenarios change in the future.
Cosolvent and Dynamic Effects in Binding Pocket Search by Docking Simulations
Authors: Szabó P. Bernát , Sabanés Zariquiey Francesc , Nogueira Juan José
Published: February 2022

The lack of conformational sampling in virtual screening projects can lead to inefficient results because many of the potential drugs may not be able to bind to the target protein during the static docking simulations. Here, we performed ensemble docking for around 2000 FDA approved drugs with the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) protein of SARS-CoV-2 as target. The representative protein structures were generated by clustering classical molecular dynamics trajectories, which were evolved using three solvent scenarios, namely, pure water and benzene/water and phenol/water mixtures. The introduction of dynamic effects in the theoretical model showed to improve the docking results in terms of the number of strong binders and binding sites in the protein. Some of the discovered pockets were found only for the cosolvent simulations, where the nonpolar probes induced local conformational changes in the protein that lead to the opening of transient pockets. In addition, the selection of the ligands based on a combination of the binding free energy and binding free energy gap between the best two poses for each ligand provided more suitable binders than the selection of ligands based solely on one of the criteria. The application of cosolvent molecular dynamics to enhance the sampling of the configurational space is expected to improve the efficacy of virtual screening campaigns of future drug discovery projects.
Inhibition of (dppf)nickel-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions by α-halo-N-heterocycles
Authors: Cooper Alasdair , Greaves Megan , Donohoe William , Burton Paul , Ronson Thomas , Kennedy Alan , Nelson David
Published: February 2022

A nickel/dppf catalyst system was found to successfully achieve the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of 3- and 4-chloropyridine but not 2-chloropyridine and other α-halo-N-heterocycles. Further investigations revealed that chloropyridines undergo rapid oxidative addition to [Ni(COD)(dppf)] but that α-halo-N-heterocycles lead to the formation ofstable dimeric nickel species that are catalytically inactive in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. However, the corresponding Kumada-Tamao-Corriu reactions all proceed readily, which is attributed to more rapid transmetalation of Grignard reagents.