bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bridging the Gap between Rationality, Normativity and Emotions
Authors: Minner Frédéric
Published: March 2020

This paper argues that emotions play a key role in intentional explanation, because they can be conceived as rational. Furthermore, their rationality is specific as they make agents act and react with respect to values and norms. Indeed, emotions have cognitive bases and are reactions to the presence of values and are regimented by epistemic norms that can be constrained by social norms. Additionally, thanks to their action and cognitive tendencies emotions ground rational actions by providing, among other features of rationality, intentions to promote values through norms of action that can also be constrained by social norms. In that sense, emotions seem to bridge the gap between rationality and normativity by articulating the rational detection and production of values related to epistemic and action norms that can be both regimented by social norms.
Philosophy between Power and Powerlessness: A Homage to Karl Jaspers
Authors: Raynova Yvanka B.
Published: March 2020

The aim of the following paper is to discuss Jaspers' disappointement of politics and his confession about the powerlessness of the (philosophical) Spirit, expressed at the end of his life. This confession may seem to contradict some of his earlier statements and positions. Yet, by analizing the evolution of his views about the complex relation between philosophy and politics, the autor claims that Jaspers' philosophy is an emblematic illustration of a tension, inherent in contemporary philosophy, namely that between the faith in Reason and the scepticism about its potentialities to achieve a substantial changement of human nature and society.
Understanding Aristotle's Notion of the Mean: A Case Study in Anger
Authors: Stewart Heather
Published: March 2020

In this paper, I argue that purely quantitative understandings of Aristotle's concept of "the mean" (as presented in Nicomachean Ethics) are oversimplified, and I make this argument by analyzing the particular emotion of anger. Anger, I contend, helps to complicate the purely quantitative understanding of the mean, insofar as, I argue, the amount of anger experienced is not the morally salient feature in determining whether or not the anger is virtuous. Rather, anger is one example of an emotion or trait for which other, non-quantitative parameters of the mean are more salient, giving us a more nuanced understanding of what the mean is. Anger is virtuous not when it is in the right measurable degree, but rather when it is directed at the proper target. In this way, the virtue-making property of anger is distinctly qualitative. Examining anger provides insight into the concept of the mean and its role in Aristotle's ethics, and also helps to shed light on contemporary debates about political anger.
Philosophische Übersetzung zwischen "sprachlicher Gewaltanwendung" und translativer Hermeneutik. Translatorische Überlegungen aus der Sicht der Übersetzung(en) von Jean-Paul Sartres 'L'être et le néant'
Authors: Raynova Yvanka B.
Published: March 2020

Philosophical translation between "linguistic violence" and translative hermeneutics. Translational considerations from the perspective of the translation(s) of Jean-Paul Sartre's L'être et le néant The establishment of translatology as a scientific discipline is a late phenomenon to which not only linguistics but also the philosophy of language has contributed significantly. Although the considerations of Schleiermacher, Ricoeur, Derrida, Balibar, Cassin and other philosophers are very stimulating for the examination of the translation problematics, they do not offer a particular translation theory of philosophical texts. Most of their works are of little help in practice when it comes to translating a complicated philosophical text. That is why I will take in this paper the opposite path and start from my own experience as a translator of philosophical literature into Bulgarian and, more concretely, from my translation of Jean-Paul Sartre's L'être et le néant. On the base of this key work of contemporary philosophy and its translations into different languages, I will address the difficulties and the specifics of philosophical translation, discuss various translation methods, and argue several theses, which could serve as impulses for a further development of translation theory and translation practice in the field of philosophy.
Translating Feminist Philosophy: A case-study with Simone de Beauvoir's 'Le Deuxième Sexe'
Authors: Bichet Marlène
Published: March 2020

The relationship between languages and philosophy is so strong that French philosopher Barbara Cassin speaks of 'philosophising in languages' (Cassin 2010). This paper aims to show how translation can be a means to help disseminate philosophical ideas. It might even be called a political tool, when circulating feminist philosophical thoughts is concerned. The article uses the latest English translation of Simone de Beauvoir's Le deuxième sexe to address the pitfalls philosophy presents translators with. It also aims to defend the Interpretive Theory of Translation as a translation strategy particularly relevant to philosophy. The novelty of the paper lies in the fact that the translation of feminist philosophy is largely underanalysed in the field of Translation Studies. Therefore, the article intend to bridge the gap between those disciplines, in order to enhance the reception of feminist philosophy.
"Traduire par amour authentique du beau": Novalis et le concept philosophique de la traduction
Authors: Bezari Christina
Published: March 2020

"Translating by the authentic love of the beautiful":Novalis and the philosophical concept of translationThis article probes the concept of translation as perceived by the German poet Novalis in his Fragments. Special focus will be set on his philosophical considerations as well as on the passages that he devoted to translation and its three dimensions: grammatical, interpretative and mythical. In the context of this essay, I will proceed with an analysis of each of these dimensions placing particular emphasis on the notion of the imaginary. This novel approach provides an insight into the creativity of the translator and the fidelity to the text, the relationship between theory and praxis, and the symbolic or mystical aspects of translation.
Translation as a New Tool for Philosophizing the Dialectic between the National and the Global in the History of Revolutions: Germanizing the Bible, and Sinicizing Marxist Internationalism
Authors: Cheng Sinkwan
Published: March 2020

This paper uses Martin Luther and Mao Zedong's translation strategies to philosophize anew the dialectic between the national and the global in the history of revolutions. Luther and Mao each instigated a "revolution" by translating a universal faith into a vernacular; the end product in each case was the globalization of his vernacularized faith and the export of his local revolution all over the world.By vernacularizing a universal faith, Luther and Mao respectively inaugurated a new national idiom, a new national identity and, in the case of Mao, founded a new nation. The far more intriguing phenomenon which I identify – and on which I seek to make my most original contributions is: Protestantism and Maoism developed global reach not despite, but because of, their insistence on a local translation-articulation of a universalist ideology.My paper attends to both the similarities and differences between Luther and Mao.
Being: On Pure Phenomenality and Radical Immanence
Authors: Erkan Ekin
Published: March 2020

A book review of The Michel Henry Reader, edited by Scott Davidson and Frédéric Seyler(Evanston, Illinois: 2019, 266 p.).
When Environmental Chemistry Meets Ecotoxicology: Bioavailability of Inorganic Nanoparticles to Phytoplankton
Authors: Slaveykova Vera I. , Li Mengting , Worms Isabelle A. , Liu Wei
Published: March 2020

The present review critically examines the state-of-the-art of the research concerning the likely environmental implications of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) with specific emphasis on their interactions with phytoplankton in the aquatic environment. Phytoplankton plays a key role
in the global carbon cycle and contributes to the half of the global primary production, thus representing some of the Earth ' s most critical organisms making the life on our planet possible. With examples from our own research and the literature, we illustrate what happens when aquatic organisms
are unintentionally exposed to metal-containing ENPs, which are increasingly released into the environment from nano-enabled materials. We highlight the complexity of the ENPs behavior in the aquatic environment and focus on the three key steps of the bioavailability process: exposure availability,
uptake availability and toxico-availability. The influence of the phytoplankton on the ENPs fate in the aquatic environment is discussed, too.
Inhibition of Extracellular Enzymes Exposed to Cyanopeptides
Authors: Egli Christine M. , Natumi Regiane S. , Jones Martin R. , Janssen Elisabeth M.-L.
Published: March 2020

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater ecosystems produce bioactive secondary metabolites including cyanopeptides that pose ecological and human health risks. Only adverse effects of one class of cyanopeptides, microcystins, have been studied extensively and have consequently been
included in water quality assessments. Inhibition is a commonly observed effect for enzymes exposed to cyanopeptides and has mostly been investigated for human biologically relevant model enzymes. Here, we investigated the inhibition of ubiquitous aquatic enzymes by cyanobacterial metabolites.
Hydrolytic enzymes are utilized in the metabolism of aquatic organisms and extracellularly by heterotrophic bacteria to obtain assimilable substrates. The ubiquitous occurrence of hydrolytic enzymes leads to the co-occurrence with cyanopeptides especially during cyanobacterial blooms. Bacterial
leucine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase were exposed to cyanopeptide extracts of different cyanobacterial strains ( Microcystis aeruginosa wild type and microcystin-free mutant, Planktothrix rubescens) and purified cyanopeptides. We observed inhibition of aminopeptidase
and phosphatase upon exposure, especially to the apolar fractions of the cyanobacterial extracts. Exposure to the dominant cyanopeptides in these extracts confirmed that purified microcystins, aerucyclamide A and cyanopeptolin A inhibit the aminopeptidase in the low mg L–1
range while the phosphatase was less affected. Inhibition of aquatic enzymes can reduce the turnover of nutrients and carbon substrates and may also impair metabolic functions of grazing organisms.
"Is there anybody else out there?" – First Insights from a Suspect Screening for Phytotoxins in Surface Water
Authors: Günthardt Barbara F. , Schönsee Carina D. , Hollender Juliane , Hungerbühler Konrad , Scheringer Martin , Bucheli Thomas D.
Published: March 2020

To protect themselves, plants can produce toxic secondary metabolites (phytotoxins) that appear with widely varying structures and negative effects. These phytotoxins often show similar properties as known aquatic micropollutants in terms of mobility, persistence, toxicity, and possibly
also ecotoxicity. However, their occurrence in surface waters remains largely unknown, which is also due to unknown ability of available screening approaches to detect them. Therefore, we performed a target and suspect screening based on a persistence-mobility prioritization for phytotoxins
in small Swiss creeks using high resolution mass spectrometry. In total, three of 26 targets were detected, three of 78 suspects tentatively identified, and six suspects fully confirmed by reference standards. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that three different plant secondary
metabolite classes are detected in the same surface water sample. Estrogenic isoflavones were detected at 73% of the sites with formononetin as main toxin, which is in agreement with previous studies. Furthermore, pyrrolizidine alkaloids and the indole alkaloid gramine were detected. Especially
pyrrolizidine alkaloids might be critical due to their production by various plants including the invasive Senecio inaequidens, and their known importance in food and feed safety. Based on these first screening results, different phytotoxin classes should be assessed for their ecotoxicological
effects and considered in future water monitoring.
Long-term Observations of Atmospheric Halogenated Organic Trace Gases
Authors: Reimann Stefan , Vollmer Martin K. , Hill Matthias , Schlauri Paul , Guillevic Myriam , Brunner Dominik , Henne Stephan , Rust Dominique , Emmenegger Lukas
Published: March 2020

CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) and other strong ozone-depleting halogenated organic trace gases were used in numerous industrial, household and agriculture applications. First atmospheric measurements of CFCs were performed in the 1970s, well ahead of the detection of the ozone hole in
the 1980s. The continuous observation of these ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) is crucial for monitoring their global ban within the Montreal Protocol. In addition, also HFCs (fluorinated hydrocarbons) are measured, which were introduced as substitutes of ODSs and are potent greenhouse gases.
Since 2000, Empa continuously measures more than 50 halogenated trace gases at the high-Alpine station of Jungfraujoch (3850 m asl) as part of the global AGAGE network (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment). Jungfraujoch is the highest location worldwide where such measurements are
performed, and the site where several of these compounds were measured in the atmosphere for the first time. The measurements at Jungfraujoch and at other globally well-positioned sites serve as an early warning system, i. e. before potentially harmful halogenated organic substances
can accumulate and detrimentally affect the natural environment.
UVB-irradiated Laboratory-generated Secondary Organic Aerosol Extracts Have Increased Cloud Condensation Nuclei Abilities: Comparison with Dissolved Organic Matter and Implications for the Photomineralization Mechanism
Authors: Borduas-Dedekind Nadine , Nizkorodov Sergey , McNeill Kristopher
Published: March 2020

During their atmospheric lifetime, organic compounds within aerosols are exposed to sunlight and undergo photochemical processing. This atmospheric aging process changes the ability of organic aerosols to form cloud droplets and consequently impacts aerosol–cloud interactions.
We recently reported changes in the cloud forming properties of aerosolized dissolved organic matter (DOM) due to a photomineralization mechanism, transforming high-molecular weight compounds in DOM into organic acids, CO and CO2. To strengthen the implications of this mechanism
to atmospheric aerosols, we now extend our previous dataset and report identical cloud activation experiments with laboratory-generated secondary organic aerosol (SOA) extracts. The SOA was produced from the oxidation of ?-pinene and naphthalene, a representative biogenic and anthropogenic
source of SOA, respectively. Exposure of aqueous solutions of SOA to UVB irradiation increased the dried organic material's hygroscopicity and thus its ability to form cloud droplets, consistent with our previous observations for DOM. We propose that a photomineralization mechanism is also
at play in these SOA extracts. These results help to bridge the gap between DOM and SOA photochemistry by submitting two differently-sourced organic matter materials to identical experimental conditions for optimal comparison.
A bűnügyi nyomozás múltja, jelene, jövője – monográfia a kriminalisztika tendenciáiról
Authors: Bíró Gyula
Published: March 2020

Könyvismertető Fenyvesi Csaba: A kriminalisztika tendenciái. A bűnügyi nyomozás múltja, jelene, jövője (Dialóg Campus, Budapest–Pécs, 2014.) című munkájáról.
A bíbor méltóság, a sárga árulás – Szimbólumok és rituálék a jogtörténetben
Authors: Talabos Dávidné Lukács Nikolett
Published: March 2020

Könyvismertetés Bódiné Beliznai Kinga: A bíbor méltóság, a sárga árulás. Szimbólumok és rituálék a jogtörténetben (Balassi

Kiadó, Budapest, 2014.)  című könyvéről.
Vélemény vagy tényállítás?
Authors: Pribula László
Published: March 2020

A sajtó felelősséggel tartozik a valósághű tájékoztatásért. Rendeltetését akkor tudja betölteni, ha az általa közölt cikkek a következő két kritériumnak megfelelnek: egyrészt híven tájékoztatnak a valóságról, másrészt a közlésekkel nem sértik mások személyiségi jogait. Ezt a két követelményt emeli ki Jobbágyi Gábor, amikor így fogalmaz: „Egy nyílt, demokratikus társadalomban a sajtó és a véleménynyilvánítás szabadsága alapvető emberi és politikai jog. Így a sajtónak kettős követelménynek kell megfelelnie: a sajtó és véleménynyilvánítás szabadsága mellett gondosan őrizkednie kell a személyiségi jogok megsértésétől”.
Múlt, jelen, jövő: merre tart a távoltartás?
Authors: Tóth Andrea Noémi
Published: March 2020

A büntetőeljárási törvényt érintő kodifikációs munka többek között a hatékonyság, gyorsaság, egyszerűség, koherencia és célszerűség követelményeit szem előtt tartva folyik. Ennek kapcsán merül fel, hogy egyes, létező jogintézmények szerepét, hatékonyságát megvizsgáljuk, s a jövőre nézve – elsősorban az adekvátabb működés érdekében – konzekvenciákat vonjunk le, melyek a kodifikációs irányelvekhez igazodva a jogalkotási munkát is segítik. A távoltartás kapcsán is érdemes elvégezni ezt a vizsgálatot, hiszen a 2006-ban történő bevezetésétől kezdve a meglévők mellett mind újabb és újabb kihívásoknak kell megfelelnie, melyeket a gyakorlat és a vonatkozó nemzetközi, illetőleg európai uniós dokumentumok állítanak fel. Nemcsak a családon belüli erőszakkal szembeni fegyverként és az előzetes letartóztatás alternatívájaként funkcionálhat – hozzájárulva ezzel a bizonyítás sikerességéhez is –, hanem egyúttal része lehet annak a koncepciónak is, amelyet Magyarország európai uniós tagságából adódóan az európai védelmi határozatról, valamint az áldozatok jogairól szóló irányelvek átültetése, és a polgári ügyekben hozott védelmi intézkedésekről szóló rendelet alkalmazása során kialakít.
Luxembourg kontra Strasbourg – jogi akadályok az Emberi Jogok Európai Egyezményéhez való uniós csatlakozás útjában
Authors: Angyal Zoltán , Kiss Lilla Nóra
Published: March 2020

2014. december 18-án hirdette ki az Európai Unió Bírósága (a továbbiakban: Bíróság) 2/13. sz. véleményét az Európai Uniónak az emberi jogok és alapvető szabadságok védelméről szóló európai egyezményhez (a továbbiakban: EJEE) történő csatlakozásáról szóló nemzetközi megállapodás tervezetéről (a továbbiakban: megállapodás). A döntés különleges súlyát mutatja, hogy a Bíróság teljes ülésben járt el, amire a gyakorlatban rendkívül ritkán, évente mindössze egy-két ügyben kerül sor. A vélemény tartalma és indokolása határozottan rácáfolt azokra az előzetes szakmai és politikai várakozásokra, amelyek zöld jelzést prognosztizáltak, a Bíróság ugyanis úgy foglalt állást, hogy a megállapodás számos okból nem egyeztethető össze az uniós joggal. A döntés jogi akadályok sorát azonosítja, ami azt jelenti, hogy a megállapodás csak akkor léphet hatályba, ha azt módosítják, vagy ha az uniós Szerződéseket felülvizsgálják.
Egy lépést hátra – A magyar Alkotmánybíróság döntése az internetes hozzászólásokért való felelősségről
Authors: Balogh Éva
Published: March 2020

A szólásszabadság korlátozása változatos, soha véget nem érő viták tárgya. Különösen igaz ez a véleményszabadság interneten történő megvalósulása tekintetében. Az internet ugyanis olyan sajátosságokkal rendelkezik – mint például a névtelenség, a technikai nehézségekbe ütköző tartalom-ellenőrzés, a kommunikáció határokon átnyúló volta, az információáramlás rendkívüli gyorsasága és tömegekhez való eljutása –, amelyek a korábban ismert és használt médiumokkal szemben újdonságot jelentenek. Ráadásul az internet folyamatosan fejlődik. Ezek a tulajdonságok több jogterületre kiterjedő szabályozási problémákat okoznak. Arról sem egyeznek a vélemények, hogy egyáltalán szükséges-e részletes állami szabályozás, vagy elegendő lehet a szolgáltatók önszabályozása, illetve az alapelvi szintű nemzetközi szabályozás. Vita van arról is, hogy párhuzamot lehet-e vonni az internet és más médiumok között, s lehet-e ez alapján analógiákat alkalmazni. Nem tisztázott az sem, hogy lehet-e a tartalmakat korlátozni, és ha igen, akkor hogyan és milyen mértékben.
Photomagnetism in 5 nm nanocrystals of the alkali cation free-CoFe Prussian blue analogue embedded in a silica matrix
Authors: Bleuzen Anne , Goncalves Michel , Altenschmidt Laura , Fornasieri Giulia , Bordage Amélie , Rivière Eric
Published: March 2020

5 nm nanocrystals of CoFe Prussian blue analogue totally exempt from any alkali cation were prepared. Their photomagnetic properties were compared to those of the corresponding powder made of 150 nm particles as well as to those of 5 nm nanocrystals of CoFe PBAs embedded in comparable silica matrices, made of CoIIFeIII pairs and prepared under various conditions. The photomagnetic investigation of the nanoparticles exempt of any alkali cation clearly shows that they are transformed by light and the comparison of their photomagnetic properties to those of the powder made of particles of bigger size with the same chemical composition suggests that the species involved in the switching properties are surface species. Furthermore, the comparison of the magnetic properties of nanoparticles prepared under various conditions also suggests that the aggregation state of the nanoparticles in the porous channels of the silica matrix, by modulating inter-particle interactions, plays a predominant role in the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles assemblies.
RAPORTOWANIE ZAGADNIEŃ Z OBSZARU SPOŁECZNEJ ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCI PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW W ŚWIETLE PRZEPISÓW PRAWA I DOŚWIADCZEŃ PRAKTYCZNYCH
Authors: Kaminski Ryszard
Published: March 2020

W ostatnich latach w Polsce pojawił się nowy kierunek w systemie raportowania przez przedsiębiorstwa swoich osiągnięć w obszarze społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstw. Ramy instytucjonalne tego trendu tworzą nowe przepisy unijne i polskie dotyczące sprawozdawczości niefinansowej przedsiębiorstw. Określają one wyraźny kurs w kierunku większej przejrzystości biznesowej i odpowiedzialności za środowisko. Wdrożenie tych nowych przepisów nastąpiło niedawno. Ta sytuacja stała się inspiracją do przygotowania niniejszego artykułu. Jego celem jest przedstawienie systemu raportowania CSR i skomentowanie go z uwzględnieniem doświadczeń praktycznych. Materiałami wykorzystanymi w artykule są literatura przedmiotu, akty prawne i opublikowane wyniki badania raportowania zagadnień CSR przez przedsiębiorstwa. W artykule uwzględniono regulacje prawne obowiązujące w dniu 31 grudnia 2018 r.
Modification of water-suspension epoxy varnish and paint materials by nanostructured magnesium oxide
Authors: Komar V. V. , Poсhodina T. A. , Kulinich N. V. , Krutko N. P. , .Ovseenko L. V.
Published: March 2020

The process of modifying aqueous powder suspension materials (APS) based on solid epoxy film-forming agents with highly dispersed powders of magnesium oxide was studied: production by ChemPur (n-MgO – primary size of particles is 36 nm), and magnesium oxide synthesized by a template method from the concentrated bischofite solution (MgOlab – primary size of particles is 102.8 nm). It was shown that presence of active functional surface OHgroups in both samples of magnesium oxide leads to the formation of secondary structures: aggregates and agglomerates. The nature of the influence of the size of aggregates of MgO particles and the conditions of dispersion on the properties of protective coatings is established. The nature of the influence of particle size and dispersion conditions on the properties of protective coatings is established. Optimal properties of coatings based on APS, sedimentation and aggregative stability of suspensions are implemented only under the condition of effective mechanical dispersion in a bead mill, when the most intensive destruction of large aggregates of n-MgO up to 50–60 nm occurs. The distribution of nanoparticle agglomerates in APS at the micro level (700–800 nm) using the MgO-lab does not lead to a significant change in the properties of APS and coatings based on them.

It is shown that the introduction of n-MgO into APS allows reduces the curing temperature of the coatings from 110 to 90–100 °С. It is caused by the increase in the density of cross-linking of the spatial structure of polymer. The strength of modified coatings upon impact and tension increases by 2 times in comparison with the base composition, which does not contain nanomodifier, during curing of coatings at100 °C. In comparison with the known water-borne epoxy paints and varnishes, APS compositions are one-pack, they are more technological in use, have a long lifetime (up to 12 months in comparison with the viability of known two-pack epoxies, 1-8 hours). Materials can be used in industry for the protection of metal products, both as primers and as independent coatings.
Prospects for the use of diabases of the crystal base of Belarus to obtain silicate materials
Authors: Barantseva S. E. , Klimosh Yu. A. , Gundilovich N. N. , Pazniak A. I. , Tolkachikova A. A. , Taran L. N.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the study results of diabases of rare-earth and beryllium-containing deposit of the Republicof Belarusin order to determine their suitability for the production of silicate materials and products for various purposes. The data obtained allowed developing raw compositions and optimizing the technological parameters to produce glass, mineral fibers, glass ceramics, stone casting, ceramic bricks and tiles, as well as porous aggregates. The regularities of structure and phase formation during high-temperature treatment of raw compositions of silicate materials using diabases are established. The results of the work allow us to establish the features of the production of silicate materials containing diabase as main raw material of compositions, to increase mineral and raw-materials base of Belarusand to improve the environmental situation in mining enterprises.
Complexes of antitubercular antibiotics with cellulose sulfate acetate
Authors: Savitskaya T. A. , Shakhno K. A. , Grinshpan D. D. , Ivashkevich O. A.
Published: March 2020

Water-insoluble complexes of antituberculosis antibiotics (AB) kanamycin (CNMC), amikacin (AMCC) and capreomycin (CPRMC), traditionally used parenterally, with cellulose acetate sulphate in the form of sodium salt (Na-SAC) were obtained. The possibility of their immobilization on the activated carbon (AC) to create a tablet form of AB was demonstrated. The composition of the complexes was determined depending on the medium pH and the order of solutions components mixing. It was shown that with decreasing pH from 6 to 1 due to an increase in the number of protonated amine groups in AB molecules, the number of contacts with polymer macromolecules increases and the amount of cellobiosic units in the complex’s composition increases as well: in the case of CNMC and AMCC from one to three and to four in the case of CPRMC. The electrostatic nature of the complexation is confirmed by the corresponding bands’ shifts in the IR spectra: Na-SAC sulfate groups and the antibiotic amino groups. It was established in vitro that the Na-SAC–CNMC complexes and their compositions with activated carbon are not only equivalent, but also have the double activity of the standard (injectable) form of CNMC in the relation to tuberculosis mycobacterium. The resulting compositions can be recommended for in vivo testing as a new form of aminoglycoside antibiotics for oral administration.
Nanocomposite materials based on magnesium oxide and metal nanoparticles
Authors: Matsukevich I. V. , Krutko N. P. , Lipai Yu. V. , Ovseenko L. V.
Published: March 2020

The conditions and the patterns of copper and nickel nanoparticles formation by direct reduction from aqueous solutions of their salts in nitrogen atmosphere were studied, and nanocomposite materials based on magnesium oxide and metal nanoparticles coated with protective oxide shell were obtained. The obtained materials are of interest as sorbents for the purification of aqueous media from toxic impurities, as well as catalysts in organic synthesis, in particular for the production of methanol from carbon dioxide. Phase composition, thermal stability, microstructure of nanocomposites, as well as their sorption properties, were studied. The powders of magnesium oxide and nanocomposites based on it were found to have high sorption capacities with respect to lead and chromium ions – up to 2989.0 and 499.9 mg/g, respectively.
Тemplate synthesis of multidimensional porous silica
Authors: Kouznetsova T. F. , Ivanets A. I. , Opanasenko O. N. , Zhigalova O. L. , Luksha O. V. , Sauka Ju. D.
Published: March 2020

Isothermal data of superficial tension of solutions of surfactant mixture and low-temperature nitrogen sorption of multidimensional porous silica received by template synthesis prove complementarity of its properties and properties of SAA micelles. The measured isotherms of gas sorption belong to IV Type inherent in mesoporous adsorbents. The BET specific surface area is 600–800 m2/g, and the Gurvich pore volume is 0.7–1.0 cm3/g. With increase in mole fraction of nonionic component these values decrease, the ordered texture of SiO2, characteristic of MCM-48 mesoporous molecular sieve, collapses, d211-spacing becomes < 3.31 nm, and NLDFT distribution is transformed from monomodal to polymodal one.
Regulation of the stability of kaolin dispersion in the salt media by acrylamide copolymers
Authors: Vorobieva E. V.
Published: March 2020

As a result of the study of the effect of acrylamide copolymers on the stability of the kaolin salt dispersion, it was shown that the aggregation of solid phase particles and the deposition rate of flocs increases when polymers with different adsorption activity are alternately dosed to a disperse system. The adsorption limit, adsorption capacity and adsorption constant are at maximum for alternate adsorption of anionic polyelectrolyte on a cationic polyelectrolyte layer. High adsorption capacity and interaction energy of polymers with the surface and with each other leads to an improvement in flocculation and to the increase in the deposition rate of the kaolin-salt dispersion by 1.3–1.5 times.
(E,E)-diazomethines based on naphthalene-1,5-diamine and the study of their polarizrization properties
Authors: Dikusar E. I. , Filippovich L. I. , Shahab S. N. , Petkevich S. K. , Stepin S. G.
Published: March 2020

Liquid crystal devices are widely used in measuring instrumentation, consumer and industrial electronics, medical, scientific and military equipment. The production of these devices is a promising and developing industry. Analysis of the market of liquid crystal devices suggests that the demand for film polarizers of transmission, reflection and transmission reflection types will increase due to the constant growth of production of liquid crystal indicators and the expansion of their applications. Studies aimed at the creation of film polarizers for various functional purposes and the development of technologies for their manufacture are relevant. Naphthalene-1,5-diamine widely used in the production of complex intermediate intermediates, dyes, chemical additives to polymers, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, etc. Naphthalene-1,5-diamine is an available starting compound for obtaining on its base promising substances for the development of optical materials and biologically active compounds. By interaction of naphthalene-1,5-diamine with substituted aldehydes or benzaldehydes of vanillin series in the medium of boiling absolute methanol in the presence of catalytic amounts of glacial acetic acid, (E,E)-diazomethines with yields of 75–87 % were synthesized.
Mathematical description of ethylamine sorption from air by fibrous cation exchangers under conditions of limited sorbate permeability
Authors: Kosandrovich E. G. , Shachenkova L. N. , Pushkarchuk A. L. , Bez’yazychnaya T. V. , Soldatov V. S.
Published: March 2020

A mathematical model for description of the sorption capacity of ion exchangers on alkaline compounds protonizable in aqueous solutions (exemplified by ammonia, mono-, diand triethylamine) was proposed. The Henry’s constants for these substances were experimentally determined. The model accounts for the concentration and acid-base properties of the sorbate, relative air humidity, acid-base properties and exchange capacity of the ion exchanger, as well as spatial availability of functional groups for interaction under conditions of limited permeability of polymeric ion exchanger. The applicability of the model is illustrated by processing the experimental results on the sorption of ammonia and ethylamines by fibrous carboxylic and sulfonic cation exchangers. Good agreement between the calculated and experimental data is observed.
Complex processing of peat of Esmonovkiy Mokh deposit to produce science-intensive production
Authors: Lishtvan I. I. , Dudarchyk V. M. , Kraiko V. M. , Anufrieva A. V. , Bulgakova N. A.
Published: March 2020

The possible directions of the complex use of the identified peat funds of the Esmonovskiy Mokh deposit are grounded with the account of research on the distribution of the categories of peat raw material, the determination of its qualitative characteristics and the estimation of suitability for the release of recommended production. Activated carbon, oil sorbent and concentrate microfertilizer are suggested as the main types of the products of the deep complex proceeding of the peat studied.
Psychosomatic disorders: causes, development mechanisms, clinical manifestations and feasibilities of autopsychocorrection
Authors: Semenenya I. N.
Published: March 2020

The article reviews the information on the problem of psychosomatic disorders (PSDs) widespread in human population. Attention is drawn to the insufficient awareness of general practitioners in this field of pathology. The true-life situations are considered that the cause development of PSDs and the role of negative thoughts and an emotional factor in their development. A general scheme of the PSD pathogenesis is suggested, which is based on the shift in the balance of the excitation and inhibition processes in CNS towards the prevalence of the former ones. Suppression of the inhibitory processes results in the decrease of the excitation thresholds of different afferent systems and in the development of general hyperesthesia that causes the organism hyperreactivity to the external and internal actions, including the subthreshold ones and stimuli. This underlies the mechanism of PSD clinical manifestations. A possible role of CNS stagnant centers of excitement in the development of PSDs and their ability to migrate in the brain, which reflects the migration of PSD symptoms in the organism, are viewed. Mental, neurologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urination, sexual and skin manifestations of PSDs are discussed. General approaches to treating PSD patients are considered. The fundamental importance of the mood factor in the PSD development and alleviation is substantiated.
Role of the ducktal secretion dysfunction in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Mozheiko L. A.
Published: March 2020

The review presents an analysis of current scientific data on the role of ductal secretion disorders in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis. It is shown that under the influence of alcohol or other provoking factors, the CFTR transport mechanism of duct cells undergoes damage, which leads to the decrease in the bicarbonate and fluid secretion. Dehydration and acidification contribute to the hyperconcentration of protein and mucous components of pancreatic secretion and to the change in its rheological properties, which complicates further transport through the ductal system. Current conditions are favorable for the formation of mucoprotein plugs and the ductal obstruction that may have an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis at the early stage of development of the disease.
Multicenter study of the causes of the end stage renal disease in patients on chronic hemodialysis in Minsk
Authors: Komissarov К. S.
Published: March 2020

The cross-sectional study of the patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) treatment in the dialysis departments in Minsk at the beginning of the year 2017 was made. The aim of the study was to define the main cause of the end stage renal disease (ESRD) among HD patients in the dialysis departments in Minsk. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 289 patients were selected for further analysis. The median of the age was 57 (45; 66) years, for men it was 174 (60.2 %) years. The median of therapy duration was 26 (8; 66) months. The main cause of the end stage renal disease was chronic glomerulonephritis in 35.3 % of patients, the second was diabetes mellitus in 15.9 % of patients, and the third was the polycystic disease in 13.5 % of patients. Kidney damage in the frame of ANCA-vasculitis was revealed in 4 (1.4 %) patients, which is less than in Eastern European Centers where systemic vasculitis is the cause of ESRD in 6.7 % of cases. Histological verification of the diagnosis was conducted in 25 (8.7 %) patients while the most frequent diagnosis was IgA-nephropathy tht was defined in 44 % of biopsied persons. The results of our analysis point to an insufficient rate of histopathology that proved the diagnosis among of the HD patients in Minsk. It does not allow us to conduct a complete differential diagnosis between kidney damage due to the primary diffuse kidney disease or arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and systemic vacuities.
Features of liver ultrastructure of rat exposed by antiretroviral drug tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in combination with S-adenosylmethionine
Authors: Astrowskaja A. B. , Krauchuk R. I. , Kurbat M. M.
Published: March 2020

Ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats after 7and 21-days intragastric administration of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) at a dose of 50 mg/kg/daily and correction of the revealed violations by S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) were described. Exposure of TDF for 7 days causes mild dystrophic changes in a small proportion of hepatocytes. The 21-day effect of TDF in the hepatocytes of the periportal zones shows the development of moderately pronounced dystrophy with a decrease in protein-synthetic function and slight changes in the structure of mitochondria. At both periods of administration, TDF leads to the death of single cells of the liver parenchyma and reactive intralobular inflammatory infiltration. The use of SAM on long-term administration of TDF does not reduce the intensity of core liver infiltration, but prevents the development of dystrophy of peripоrtal hepatocytes and normalizes the amount of lipid inclusions in parenchymal cells of the organ.
Dynamics of essential amino acids plasma levels in patients with sepsis treated by the extracorporeal blood purification methods
Authors: Yakubtsevich R. E. , Belyavsky N. V. , Glazev A. A. , Klisa S. D.
Published: March 2020

Extracorporeal blood purification (EBP) is one of the trends of effective sepsis therapy. Some disadvantages of this method such as a possible reduction of plasma levels of different important metabolites are described. It is known that sepsis disorders of amino acid metabolism are manifested in microcirculation interruptions, the decreased immune response and the increased mortality. The aim of the study is to investigate the EBP effect on the essential amino acid plasma levels in patients diagnosed with sepsis. We selected 38 patients diagnosed with sepsis. Standard treatment protocols of plasma filtration, hemofiltration, and hemadsorption with various sorbents were used. We revealed a significant decrease in the levels of valine, methionine, tryptophan, isoleucine, phenylalanine, leucine, and lysine in patients who underwent hemadsorption by the sorbent “Proteasosorb”. Hemadsorption by the sorbent “Proteasosorb” has the greatest effect on the levels of amino acids.
Features of delivery tactics in pregnant women with placental dysfunction and taking into account the concentration of vitamin D
Authors: Manasova G. S. , Didenkul N. V. , Shapoval N. V. , Kuzmin N. V. , Korotkaya K. V.
Published: March 2020

The high prevalence of the vitamin D (VD) deficiency states (VDDS) among adults, as well as the data on the pleiotropic effects of calcitriol suggests its participation in the development of various complications and pregnancy outcomes. The objective of the present study is to analyze the pregnancy course and delivery tactics of pregnant women with placental dysfunction (PD) depending on the calcitriol availability. We examined 56 patients with PD (I – main group) and 40 conditionally healthy women with physiological pregnancy (II – control group). In addition to the standard clinical and laboratory examination, the level of vitamin D in the blood was determined by ELISA. The statistical analysis used the software Biostat, Statistica 6.0. In 76.8 % of group I women, the VD content corresponded to the deficit (38.4 %) and to the suboptimal status (38.4 %), (RR = 3.0; 95 % CI 2.39–3.76). In group II, VDDS was not detected and the suboptimal status was diagnosed in 31.45 %. The average VD level in group I was significantly lower than that in group II (31.4 ± 8.6 ng/ml vs 43.54 ± 11.2 ng/ml; Uemp = 42.5; p < 0.05). The caesarean section rate in group I was 3.4 times higher than that in group II (42.85 % vs 12.5 %; F = 0.00001; p < 0.01). The weight of newborns in group II significantly exceeded the weight of children in group I (3643.24 ± 136 g vs 3299.11 ± 128 g; t = 4.17; p < 0.01); a strong direct correlation was found between the weight of the newborn and the VD level in the blood of pregnant women (r = 0.71). VDDS increases 2 times the risk of abdominal delivery (RR = 1.27; 95 % CI 0.95–1.66). The VD status of a pregnant woman can have a certain influence on the formation of optimal adaptive-compensatory mechanisms in the utero-placental-fetal system and on the pregnancy outcome for mother and fetus.
Influence of the endothelial cells on the erythroid differentiation of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells in vitro
Authors: Voytehovich A. S. , Vasina E. V. , Kastsiunina V. S. , Seviaryn I. N. , Petyovka N. V.
Published: March 2020

The objective is to study the effect of umbilical cord blood endothelial cells on the hematopoietic cells growth and the maturation in the erythroid direction in co-culture, as well as the expression of adult and fetal hemoglobin genes during erythroid differentiation under the conditions of vascular niche modeling in vitro. We used the following research methods: cultural, flow cytometry, real-time PCR and morphological analysis. We have developed the method of hematopoietic cord blood stem cells erythroid differentiation in co-culture using cord blood endothelial cell progenitors. CD34+CD31+CD144+CD105+CD90–CD45– progenitors of endothelial cells stimulate the erythroid differentiation of hematopoietic CD34+ cord blood cells and the growth of erythroid progenitors in co-culture from the 4th to 11th day in the presence of the stem cell factor, the erythropoietin and the fibroblast growth factor-2. The in vitro modeling of the vascular niche increases the mature CD36–CD235a+ erythroid cells 2.5 times higher than those in the liquid culture. The microenvironment of endothelial cells does not affect the level and expression ratio of fetal and adult hemoglobin during the erythroid differentiation in vitro.
FBN1 gene mutations in patients with congenital ectopia lentis caused by Marfan syndrome
Authors: Gusina A. A. , Stalybko N. S. , Krinitskaya K. A. , Ivanova V. F. , Rumiantseva N. V. , Kulak V. D. , Zubova T. V. , Gusina N. B.
Published: March 2020

The prevalence of congenital ectopia lentis is 7–10 cases per 100 000 people. The most common causes of congenital lens displacement are the FBN1 gene mutations that have been found in 25–85 % of patients with this pathology. The aim of the study is to establish the FBN1 gene mutations in patients with congenital lens displacement and in their families. The study group included three families with children and adults suffered from the congenital lens dislocation. The nucleotide sequence of the FBN1 gene was analyzed by direct sequencing. The pathogenicity of the identified mutations was assessed using the Ghent criteria revised in 2010. The mutation c.1884C> G (p.Cys628Trp) in the heterozygous state in the 16th exon of the FBN1 gene was detected in proband 1 and her brother. Proband 2 was found to be a heterozygous career of the mutation c.2461T> A (p.Cys821Ser) in the 21st exon; this mutation was absent in parents and a healthy brother. The mutation c.7851delС (p.Cys2617Trpfs*65) in the heterozygous state in the 64th exon was identified in proband 3 and her mother. In accordance with the revised Ghent classification and the clinical manifestations and molecular genetic studies, Marfan’s syndrome (MS) was diagnosed in all probands and their affected relatives. We detected three pathogenic mutations not previously described in the literature in the 16th, 21st, and 64th exons of the FBN1 gene in patients with congenital ectopia lentis caused by MS. We established the spectrum of clinical manifestations of MS characteristic for the identified mutations.
Analisis Permintaan Kuantitas dan Kualitas Beras di DKI Jakarta
Authors: Windiyarti Nila , Sri Sri Hartoyo , Tanti Tanti Novianti
Published: March 2020

Beras merupakan salah satu makanan pokok yang mendominasi pemenuhan kebutuhan karbohidrat penduduk. Meningkatnya tingkat pendapatan penduduk menyebabkan preferensi terhadap beras yang dikonsumsi berubah. DKI Jakarta adalah provinsi dengan tingkat pendapatan yang terbesar di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi permintaan beras dan melihat perubahan respon permintaan kuantitas dan kualitas beras terhadap perubahan pendapatan dan harga di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Data yang digunakan berasal dari SUSENAS DKI Jakarta periode Maret 2017. Jenis data yang digunakan merupakan data cross section dengan unit sampel 5.200 rumah tangga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dalam bentuk dua persamaan tunggal semilog. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan perkapita, harga beras dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga secara positif memengaruhi permintaan beras di DKI Jakarta. Elastisitas pengeluaran dan kuantitas beras menunjukkan nilai yang positif. Hal ini menunjukkan kenaikan pendapatan akan memengaruhi permintaan beras dari sisi kuantitas dan kualitas beras. Sementara elastisitas harga silang menunjukkan arah yang beragam untuk terigu dan daging ayam.
Determinan Aliran Masuk Foreign Direct Investment ke Negara-Negara Berpendapatan Rendah
Authors: Aprianto Rully , Alla Asmara  , Sahara
Published: March 2020

Modal merupakan faktor penting yang mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pembangunan. Investasi asing langsung (foreign direct investment – FDI) adalah salah satu bentuk modal terbaik dalam pembiayaan dan investasi proyek industri. Oleh karena itu, adalah hal yang penting untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi FDI dan untuk menentukan tingkat pengaruh masing-masing untuk membuat kebijakan yang tepat di bidang ini. Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor penentu FDI di negara dengan pendapatan per kapita rendah. Analisis didasarkan pada sampel dari 10 negara berpendapatan rendah. Dengan menggunakan model data panel, digunakan tiga pendekatan, yaitu common model, random effects dan fixed effects model, untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi FDI di negara-negara ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap aliran masuk FDI ke negara-negara dengan tingkat pendapatan rendah adalah PDB (ukuran pasar), inflasi, produktivitas tenaga kerja, infrastruktur, keterbukaan perdagangan, dan stabilitas politik. Sementara kualitas kebijakan dan peraturan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan.