bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PERSONAL HYGIENE PASIEN JIWA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WARA KOTA PALOPO TAHUN 2020
Authors: Iskandar Ratnasari , Putri Febriani Eka
Published: October 2021

Background: Personal Hygiene includes all activities required to meet the needs of day-to-day, which is commonly known activity of daily life (ADLs). The issue of personal hygiene or self-care deficit is the most common problem occured in mental patients, because patients with mental disorders have the abnormalities in the ability to perform or complete activities of daily living independently. Objective: To determine the relationship between family support and personal hygiene of mental patients in Wara Public Health Centre, Palopo in 2020. Method: This study used the cross-sectional research method. The population in this research was all mental patients registered on Wara Public Health Centre. The samples was recruited using a total sampling technique obtaining 43 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaire sheet and observation. The data obtained were processed and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel program and statistical program (SPSS) version 20 for the Chi-square test. Result: The univariate analysis showed the frequency distribution, while bivariate analysis showed a relationship between family support and personal hygiene (? = .003). Conclusion: There is a relationship between family support and the personal hygiene of mental patient in Wara Public Health Centre, Palopo City in 2020
HUBUNGAN INTERNAL SERVICE QUALITY DENGAN LOYALITAS PELANGGAN
Authors: Karmila Hartatik Nila , Setianto Budhi , Adriansyah Agus Aan , Bistara Difran Nobel , Setiyowati Eppy
Published: October 2021

Pendahuluan:. Kepuasan yang berulang akan memberikan loyalitas tersendiri untuk pelanggan, loyalitas akan menimbulkan rasa kebanggaan tersendiri bagi pelanggan untuk mendapatkan layanan yang telah diterima. Tujuan: untuk menganalisis hubungan  internal service quality dengan loyalitas pelanggan  dalam melakukan advokasi pelayanan pasien  obstetry dan gynaecologi di ruang rawat inap Thaif Rumah Sakit Islam Surabaya. Metode: pengolahan data sekunder dari data kepuasan pasien Unit Humas dan Pemasaran RS Islam Surabaya pada bulan Agustus 2020 dengan  jumlah sumber informasi adalah sebesar 63 pasien. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan SPSS 16 dengan menggunakan uji chi square yang menguji dua variable berbeda yang berbentuk nominal untuk mencari uji hubungan secara non para metricmenguji hubungan antara Internal Service Quality dengan Loyalitas pelanggan dengan menggunakan metode Chi Square. Hasil: sebagian besar pelanggan didominasi dengan usia 25 – 35 Tahun, dengan jarak tempat tinggal kurang dari 10 Kilometer dan lama mengenal RS Islam Surabaya kurang dari 5 Tahun,kebanyakan pelanggan mendapatkan informasi dari website. Alasan pelanggan menggunakan layanan RS Islam Surabaya memiliki letak yang strategis. Pelanggan juga merasakan internal service quality dan loyalitas yang tinggi   Kesimpulan: didapatkan  hubungan yang kuat antara internal service quality dan loyalitas pelangga
PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN BERAT BADAN PADA USIA 0-3 BULAN DI KECAMATAN MANGARABOMBANG KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Herman Anita Kartini , Sah Puteri Sri Kurnia
Published: October 2021

Pendahuluan : Setiap orang tua mengharapkan anaknya dapat tumbuh dan berkembang secara optimal, sehingga dapat menjadi sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan tangguh, salah satu indiator pertumbuhan pada anak adalah berat badan anak. Pijatan-pijatan halus  pada badan bayi dapat membantu memulihkan tensi dan membuat nyaman. Pijatan juga dapat membantu menstimulasi pertumbuhan sistem tubuhnya. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap penambahan berat badan bayi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian quasi experimental  design yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang timbul sebagai akibat dari adanya perlakuan terhadap kelompok eksperimen dan membandingkan hasilnya dengan kelompok kontrol. Hasil: Terapi pijat berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan berat badan bayi yang dilakukan sendiri oleh ibu. Ada pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap perubahan berat badan bayi usia 3-6 bulan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan analisis uji Wilcoxon dan diperoleh nilai p = 0,000 (? = 0,05 ), ada pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap frekuensi menyusu bayi usia 3-6 bulan dengan nilai p = 0,000 (? = 0,05 ) dan ada pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap frekuensi tidur bayi usia 3-6 bulan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai p = 0,000 (? = 0,05 ). Kesimpulan: Pijat bayi mempunyai pengaruh terhadap perubahan berat badan di nilai dari frekuensi menyusu dan frekuensi tidur bayi. Di harapkan para Ibu / Orang tua setiap hari membiarkan bayi tidur lama karena ini akan menyebabkan bayi kekurangan asupan nutrisi / asupan ASI , Ibu / Orang tua bayi perlu memperhatikan pola tidur bayi. Bayi minimal disusui 2 jam sekali untuk mengoptimalkan kunsumsi dan pertumbuhannya
DETERMINAN INSIDEN HIPOGLIKEMIA PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Ubaidillah Zaqqi , Sari Desy Ayu Permata , Mashfufa Erma Wahyu
Published: October 2021

Background: Hypoglycemia occurs when the blood sugar level is <70 mg / dl in the presence of clinical symptoms. This is an acute complication of diabetes mellitus. (Riskesdes 2014), obtained the data that diabetes type 2 is 90% of all diabetes. In 2017, diabetes mellitus in Indonesia increased by 1.4%. As many as 10% -30% had hypoglycemia with a mortality rate of 3% -4% (Diabetes mellitus type 1). Meanwhile, 1.2% incidence in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the aim is to investigate the factors that influence the incidence of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. In order to further help improve the optimal management of hypoglycemia. Method: Literature study from 16 international journals with the inclusion criteria of ages 45-90 years, full text journals, and ranges for the years 2016-2020, hypoglycemia, type 2 diabetes. Data based on data published article by NCBI and Google Scholar. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis. Results: Age, Gender, Use of Sulfonylurea, Knowledge, Body Mass Index, Kidney Function, History of Hypoglycemia, Exercise / Physical Activity, Diet and Diabetes Duration were factors that the researchers found. Conclusion: Data obtained on several factors hypoglycemia. These factors include age, gender, use of sulfonylureas, knowledge of hypoglycemia, body mass index, decreased kidney function, history of hypoglycemia, exercise / physical activity, diet (delaying or skipping meals), and duration of diabetes.
BODY IMAGE, PERILAKU MAKAN DAN STATUS GIZI REMAJA
Authors: Purnama Ni Luh Agustini
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Adolescents need balanced nutrition to increase physical growth and development very rapidly. In Indonesia, the nutritional problems in adolescents are complex, namely obesity, malnutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies such as anemia. Adolescent nutritional status is influenced by various factors such as eating behavior and body image. Objective: This study aims to identify the relationship between eating behavior, body image, and nutritional status of adolescents. Method: The research design used cross-sectional. Respondents were 62 teenagers at SMAK Karitas 3 Surabaya who met the inclusion criteria and was taken using a simple random sampling technique. Eating behavior was assessed using the Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire. Body image is assessed by questionnaire and adolescent nutritional status is based on body mass index. Results: The study showed that 56.5% of adolescents had a positive body image, 93.5% of adolescents with healthy eating behavior and 35.5% of nutritional status based on body mass index were in the normal category. Spearman correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between body image and adolescent nutritional status, with a negative correlation (p = 0.0001, r = -0.447). There was no relationship between eating behavior and nutritional status of adolescents (p=0.711). Conclusion: Body image is related to nutritional status, where the increase in nutritional status will be followed by a decrease in body image. Although the eating behavior of adolescents is healthy, they still experience nutritional status disorders, namely overweight and obesity, so further research needs to be done regarding other factors such as a physical activity that can affect the nutritional status of adolescents
PENGALAMAN KELUARGA (CARE GIVER) DALAM MERAWAT LANSIA DENGAN KETERGANTUNGAN PADA ACTIVITY DAILY LIVING
Authors: Karso Iswanto , Rosmaharani Shanti
Published: October 2021

Usia lansia akan membuat individu mengalami kemunduran terutama di bidang kemampuan fisik, yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan pada peran sosialnya. Selain itu dampak yang ditimbulkan untuk keluarga terutama care giver juga menjadi lebih besar. Care giver harus merawat lansia secara maksimal. Hal ini yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam persepsi yang berbeda pada masing-masing care giver. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengalaman Keluarga (Care Giver) Dalam Merawat Lansia Dengan Ketergantungan Pada Activity Daily Living. Desain penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang mengunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Populasi dan partisipan adalah 3 orang care giver yang merawat lansia dengan ketergantungan activity daily living. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan Analisis data pada pendekatan fenomenologi menggunakan metode analisis Collaizi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa care giver masih merasa bertanggung jawab terhadap kesehatan lansia yang dirawatnya. Lansia yang mengalami ketergantungan akan lebih membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih baik dari segi tenaga, waktu dan biaya. Timbulnya persepsi dan keyakinan merawat lansia adalah tugas dan tanggung jawab seorang anak, meskipun terkadang merasa lelah fisik dan psikis.
EDITORIAL: PILAR PERAWATAN MANDIRI DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Sugiharto
Published: October 2021

Diabetes Meliitus merupakan penyakit kronik. Perawatan mandiri penderita DM bertujuan untuk mengelola penyakit terhadap dampak fisiologis, emosi dan hubungan interpersonal. Pada tahun 2014, American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) merumuskan ada tujuh pilar perawatan mandiri DM, antara lain: Pola makan yang sehat, Aktif secara fisik/aktif bergerak, minum obat, pemantauan, pemecahan masalah, mekanisme koping yang sehat, dan mengurangi resiko.
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease. Self-care for DM sufferers aims to manage the disease on its physiological, emotional and interpersonal relationships. In 2014, the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) formulated seven pillars of DM self-care, including: a healthy diet, being physically active/actively moving, taking medication, monitoring, problem solving, healthy coping mechanisms, and reducing stress. risk.
Investigating First Language Acquisition of Indonesian Phonemes for Toddlers
Authors: Madjid Syahriah
Published: October 2021

This paper describes the acquisition of Indonesian phones of 2.7-year-old children. Data is obtained through qualitative approaches with the aim of describing the facts of language that occur in language acquisition (phonemes) in children as is. The result obtained is that in children aged 2.7 years, all vocal sounds can be pronounced precisely both in the initial, middle and end positions of the word, while for consonant sounds there are still some that are not perfectly spoken. For example, phoneme /s/ if it is at the beginning and middle of the word is pronounced /c/, and at the end position is pronounced /s/. Same with consonsn /l/. This sound can be pronounced perfectly if it is in the starting and final position of the word, but if in the middle position the phoneme is not visible. The phoneme /r/ cannot be pronounced precisely at either the initial, middle or end position of the word.
An Experimental Study of Picture Word Inductive Model to Foster Students’ Vocabulary in an Indonesian Junior Highschool Setting
Authors: Mukadar Suraya , Rahman Abd , Launuru Melani Putri
Published: October 2021

The objective of the research is to know whether the aplication of Picture word inductive model improve students’ vocabulary at SMP Negeri 2 Jikumerasa. In this research, the researcher used quantitative research method with pre-Experimental design of the one group pretest and posttest. The sample of the research was 26 students learning at the seventh grade of SMP Negeri 2 Jikumerasa which consist of 7 male students and 19 female students. The data were collected by using 30 items of multiple choices test. The data obtained were analyzed by applying dependent t-test the formula. The result of the analysis show that the average score in posttest X2 = 1818 is greater than score of pretest X1 = 1449, calculation of t-test = 9.39 exceeds the t-table = 1.711 at significant level of = 0.05. Thus the alternative hypothesis (Hα) stating that the use of Picture word inductive model improve students English vocabulary is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) stating that the Picture Word Inductive Model can not improve students‟ English vocabulary is rejected.
Strengthening Character Education through E-Book during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rahmawati Sitti , Hasfat Hamsar
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore on strengthening character education through e-books for online or distance learning in the times of COVID-19. The present study employs a descriptive qualitative with the aim of being able to provide clear, objective, systematic, analytical descriptions and information, and critical aspect of Character Education-Based E-book for learning during the Covid 19 era in higher education. There were several steps such as collecting the required data, then classification and description were carried out. The sources of data in this study were government policies, books and articles concerning the implementation of distance learning during the covid 19 period and character education. The method used to collect research data is in the form of literary data that has been selected, searched, presented, and analyzed. The application of Indonesian e-books based on character education is a solution that can be done to overcome the problems of character education during the COVID-19 crisis, especially regarding the use of diction and literature. Findings suggests that in utilizing E-book, character values ​​can be inserted in the introduction, materials, and assignments to induce character values to students. Additionally, the e-book was developed based on the curriculum and the values ​​of character education. E-books are provided in online learning and can be studied by students from their homes both online and offline. In order to attract the attention of students, the e-book must be designed to be visually attractive so that the material within can be learned and easily understood by students.
Rancang Bangun Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Anatomi Tubuh pada Manusia Berbasis Android
Authors: Satria Eri , Rahayu Sri , Jubaedi Jubaedi
Published: October 2021

Anatomi tubuh tulang manusia yaitu salah satu sistem alat gerak tubuh manusia dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran dalam bentuk aplikasi, anatomi tubuh pada manusia mempunyai beberapa kategori diantaranya ada tulang kepala, badan, kaki, dan tangan, struktur tulang merupakan sebuah anatomi tubuh manusia yang berperan penting sebagai pergerakan dan tempat membentuknya tubuh serta berfungsi untuk kesehatan bagi sistem tubuh lain, Tulang manusia terdapat pada rangkaian struktur tulang belakang yang dapat tegak berdiri pada tubuh tersebut, Dalam pembangunan media pembelajaran terdapat materi pembelajaran teori, animasi, teks, audio, video yang interaktif dalam aplikasi. Disamping itu sedikit orang yang mengetahui tentang pentingnya mempelajari anatomi tubuh manusia sebagai edukasi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi pembelajaran anatomi tubuh pada manusia menggunakan sistem multimedia yang diharapkan dapat membantu mengenalkan kepada masyarakat umum khususnya pada anak-anak. Sesuai acuan tinjauan pustaka mengindentifikasi permasalahan dalam media pembelajaran anatomi tubuh manusia dengan batasan struktur tulang, penelitian kali ini menerapkan metodelogi penelitian Multimedia Development LifeeCycle dengan beberapa tahapan-tahapan terdiri dari konsep, perancangan, pengumpulan material, desain, uji aplikasi, denganAlpha dengan Black Box testing dan, pendistribusian untuk kepuasan pengguna. Tujuan penelitian berupa laporan, jurnal, dan aplikasi anatomi tubuh manusia android yang cocok untuk masyarakat umum, dilengkapi dengan fitur evaluasi dan penyampaian materi berupa video.
Técnicas para formação de mudas de umbu-cajazeira por estaquia
Authors: Mendes Nouglas Veloso Barbosa , Souza Francisco Xavier de , Corrêa Márcio Cléber de Medeiros , Rossetti Adroaldo Guimarães , Natale William
Published: October 2021

A umbu-cajazeira necessita, ainda, de estudos que possam subsidiar o propagador e os interessados em disseminar clones dessa cultura no meio agrícola, pois se trata de frutífera com baixos percentuais de sementes viáveis, sendo a estaquia uma alternativa para a produção de mudas clonadas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o uso de indutores de enraizamento e estufins na formação de mudas clonadas de umbu-cajazeira por estacas. O experimento foi realizado no Campo Experimental da Embrapa, em Pacajus, Ceará, Brasil, em viveiro telado por sombrite® 50%. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos, em esquema fatorial (3x2): indutores de enraizamento Sela Gel®, Radimax® e sem indutor, com e sem estufim, com quatro repetições de dez estacas/parcela. O plantio foi em vasos de polietileno de 6 L, preenchidos com substrato composto por vermiculita, bagana de carnaúba, pó de coco e cascas de arroz carbonizadas (2:1:1:1 v/v). As regas foram por subirrigação realizadas duas vezes por semana, sendo que a metade das estacas permaneceram sob estufins por 44 dias de um total de 80 dias do período experimental. As estacas tratadas com Sela Gel® diferiram significativamente das demais, para todas as variáveis avaliadas, apresentando 51,25% de enraizamento, 30% de mudas aptas ao plantio e média de 29,50 folíolos por muda. As estacas tratadas com Radimax® apresentaram baixo percentual de enraizamento (22,50%) e, também, de mudas aptas ao plantio (7,50%).  O uso de estufim favoreceu a maior formação de calos nas estacas.
“Imperfect Love”: The Effect of Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Relationship Commitment on Relationship Satisfaction
Authors: White Grace , Napoleon Roberta
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to determine the connection between borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptom-endorsement and relationship satisfaction. Individuals in romantic relationships often report higher levels of overall life satisfaction and functioning. However, the experience of emotional distress or disability may impair one’s ability to benefit from the protective effects of a romantic dyad. Therefore, understanding the impact that individual mental health may have on perceptions of satisfaction in romantic relationships may be of importance. Additionally, the role that relationship type, such as committed vs. non-committed relationships, can have on assessments of satisfaction for individuals who experience BPD symptoms is of interest. 433 participants self-reported their experiences with BPD symptoms using the Borderline Symptoms List 23 [1] and relationship type (committed vs. non-committed). The Relationship Satisfaction Assessment [2]was completed to determine individuals’ happiness and fulfillment within their interpersonal relationships. Findings indicated that endorsement of BPD symptoms had a significant negative association with self-reported relationship satisfaction. Relationship type was also a significant indicator of relationship satisfaction. Thus, those in committed relationships reported higher levels of overall satisfaction than those in non-committed relationships. This research suggests that both the experience of certain mental health issues and commitment to a relationship may determine overall feelings of fulfillment in romantic relationships. Additional research is necessary to replicate and explore the impact of this association.
Disruption of Moral Reasoning and Moral Judgment: Moral Injury and Healing Through Forgiveness
Authors: Fleur Richard La
Published: October 2021

Although morality (systemic judgment of determining right or wrong), has been taught, researched and written about over the decades, society has been faced with the challenges of a questionable moral structure and a plethora of moral injuries. This paper reviews current literature and research about moral injury as well as the structure on which morality is founded. Current research shows that one of the consequences of an irreconcilable moral belief is moral injury or a soul injury, (coined by Dr. Marvin Westwood in a recent lecture at St. Thomas University), with symptoms that are similar to PTSD and other mental illnesses or disorders. By focusing on moral injury as a deep psychological and spiritual wound, forgiveness as a theological and spiritual approach, is the most effective framework to address the wound of moral injury.
CO2 Hydrogenation to Olefin-Rich Hydrocarbons Over Fe-Cu Bimetallic Catalysts: An Investigation of Fe-Cu Interaction and Surface Species
Authors: Wang Wenjia , Wang Xiaoxing , Zhang Guanghui , Wang Ke , Zhang Fu , Yan Tianyu , Miller Jeffrey T. , Guo Xinwen , Song Chunshan
Published: October 2021

Previously, we reported a strong Fe-Cu synergy in CO2 hydrogenation to olefin-rich C2+ hydrocarbons over the γ-Al2O3 supported bimetallic Fe-Cu catalysts. In this work, we aimed to clarify such a synergy by investigating the catalyst structure, Fe-Cu interaction, and catalyst surface properties through a series of characterizations. H2-TPR results showed that the addition of Cu made both Fe and Cu easier to reduce via the strong interaction between Fe and Cu. It was further confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and TEM, which showed the presence of metallic Fe and Fe-Cu alloy phases in the reduced Fe-Cu(0.17) catalyst induced by Cu addition. By correlating TPD results with the reaction performance, we found that the addition of Cu enhanced both the moderately and strongly adsorbed H2 and CO2 species, consequently enhanced CO2 conversion and C2+ selectivity. Adding K increased the adsorbed-CO2/adsorbed-H2 ratio by greatly enhancing the moderately and strongly adsorbed CO2 and slightly suppressing the moderately and strongly adsorbed H2, resulting in a significantly increased O/P ratio in the produced hydrocarbons. The product distribution analysis and in situ DRIFTS suggested that CO2 hydrogenation over the Fe-Cu catalyst involved both an indirect route with CO as the primary product and a direct route to higher hydrocarbons.
Inhibition of GSK_3β by Iridoid Glycosides of Snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus) Effective in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Computational Drug Design Methods
Authors: Eskandarzadeh Marzieh , Kordestani-Moghadam Parastou , Pourmand Saeed , Khalili Fard Javad , Almassian Bijan , Gharaghani Sajjad
Published: October 2021

The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activity prevents tau hyperphosphorylation and binds it to the microtubule network. Therefore, a GSK-3β inhibitor may be a recommended drug for Alzheimer’s treatment. In silico methods are currently considered as one of the fastest and most cost-effective available alternatives for drug/design discovery in the field of treatment. In this study, computational drug design was conducted to introduce compounds that play an effective role in inhibiting the GSK-3β enzyme by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. The iridoid glycosides of the common snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus), including loganin, secologanin, and loganetin, are compounds that have an effect on improving memory and cognitive impairment and the results of which on Alzheimer’s have been studied as well. In this study, in the molecular docking phase, loganin was considered a more potent inhibitor of this protein by establishing a hydrogen bond with the ATP-binding site of GSK-3β protein and the most negative binding energy to secologanin and loganetin. Moreover, by molecular dynamics simulation of these ligands and GSK-3β protein, all structures were found to be stable during the simulation. In addition, the protein structure represented no change and remained stable by binding ligands to GSK-3β protein. Furthermore, loganin and loganetin have higher binding free energy than secologanin; thus, these compounds could effectively bind to the active site of GSK-3β protein. Hence, loganin and loganetin as iridoid glycosides can be effective in Alzheimer’s prevention and treatment, and thus, further in vitro and in vivo studies can focus on these iridoid glycosides as an alternative treatment.
Routine Monitoring of Instrument Stability in a Milk Testing Laboratory With ASCA: A Pilot Study
Authors: Nieuwoudt Michel K. , Giglio Cannon , Marini Federico , Scott Gavin , Holroyd Stephen E.
Published: October 2021

Mid-infrared spectroscopy has been developed as a reliable and rapid tool for routine analysis of fat, protein, lactose and other components in liquid milk. However, variations within and between FTIR instruments, even within the same milk testing laboratory, present a challenge to the accuracy of measurement of particularly minor components in the milk, such as individual fatty acids or proteins. In this study we have used Analysis of variance–Simultaneous Component Analysis (ASCA), to monitor the spectral variation between and within each of four different FOSS FTIR spectrometers over each week in an independent milk testing laboratory over 4 years, between August 2017 and March 2021 (223 weeks). On everyday of each week, spectra of the same pilot milk sample were recorded approximately every hour on each of the four instruments. Overall, variations between instruments had the largest effect on spectral variation over each week, making a significant contribution every week. Within each instrument, day-to-day variations over the week were also significant for all but two of the weeks measured, however it contributed less to the variance overall. At certain times other factors not explained by weekday variation or inter-instrument variation dominated the variance in the spectra. Examination of the scores and loadings of the weekly ASCA analysis allowed identification of changes in the spectral regions affected by drifts in each instrument over time. This was found to particularly affect some of the fatty acid predictions.
Synthesis, Computational Pharmacokinetics Report, Conceptual DFT-Based Calculations and Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activity of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Derived From Acorus Calamus Plant Extract
Authors: Pradeep Sushma , Jain Anisha S. , Dharmashekara Chandan , Prasad Shashanka K. , Akshatha Nagaraju , Pruthvish R. , Amachawadi Raghavendra G , Srinivasa Chandrashekar , Syed Asad , Elgorban Abdallah M. , Al Kheraif Abdulaziz A. , Ortega-Castro Joaquín , Frau Juan , Flores-Holguín Norma , Shivamallu Chandan , Kollur Shiva Prasad , Glossman-Mitnik Daniel
Published: October 2021

Over the years, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatments have been a major focus, culminating in the identification of promising therapeutic targets. A herbal therapy approach has been required by the demand of AD stage-dependent optimal settings. Present study describes the evaluation of anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles derived from anAcorus calamusrhizome extract (AC-HAp NPs). The structure and morphology of as-prepared (AC-HAp NPs) was confirmed using powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The crystalline nature of as-prepared AC-HAp NPs was evident from XRD pattern. The SEM analysis suggested the spherical nature of the synthesized material with an average diameter between 30 and 50 nm. Further, the TEM and HR-TEM images revealed the shape and size of as-prepared (AC-HAp NPs). The interplanar distance between two lattice fringes was found to be 0.342 nm, which further supported the crystalline nature of the material synthesized. The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of AC-HAp NPs was greater as compared to that of pure HAp NPs. The mechanistic evaluation of such an activity carried out using in silico studies suggested that the anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of phytoconstituents derived fromAcorus calamusrhizome extract was mediated by BNDF, APOE4, PKC-γ, BACE1 andγ-secretase proteins. The global and local descriptors, which are the underpinnings of Conceptual Density Functional Theory (CDFT), have been predicted through the MN12SX/Def2TZVP/H2O model chemistry to help in the comprehension of the chemical reactivity properties of the five ligands considered in this study. With the further objective of analyzing their bioactivity, the CDFT studies are complemented with the estimation of some useful computed pharmacokinetics indices, their predicted biological targets, and the ADMET parameters related to the bioavailability of the five ligands are also reported.
Research on Minimum Miscible Pressure Between Crude Oil and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide System in Ultra-Low Permeability Reservoir by the Long-Slim-Tube Experiment Method
Authors: Fan Guangjuan , Zhao Yuejun , Zhang Xiaodan , Li Yilin , Chen Hao
Published: October 2021

Carbon dioxide (CO2) injection has become an important technology to enhance oil recovery in ultra-low permeability reservoirs. Compared with other CO2 flooding technologies, CO2 miscible flooding has a better development effect, and the minimum miscible pressure (MMP) is a key parameter to realize miscible flooding. Therefore, it is very important to accurately predict the MMP. The prediction methods of MMP generally include laboratory experiment method and theoretical calculation method. In this study, a long-slim-tube displacement experiment method was used to determine the MMP in the study area, and the experimental temperature and pressure were consistent with those under reservoir conditions. The research results show that the recovery ratio increased gradually with the increase of experimental pressure, but the increase amplitude gradually decreased. According to the relation curve between crude oil recovery ratio and experimental displacement pressure, when the experimental pressure was larger than 29.6 MPa, the recovery ratio did not increase significantly with the increase of displacement pressure, which indicates that the interfacial tension between crude oil and CO2 disappeared under this pressure and they reached a miscible state. It is speculated that the MMP between crude oil and CO2 system in the study area predicted by the long-slim-tube displacement experiment method was 29.6 MPa. The results of this study help to realize miscible flooding in ultra-low permeability reservoirs and thus enhance oil recovery.
Description of Fracture Network of Hydraulic Fracturing Vertical Wells in Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Liu Jinghua , Lu Mingjing , Sheng Guanglong
Published: October 2021

Based on the distribution of complex fractures after volume fracturing in unconventional reservoirs, the fractal theory is used to describe the distribution of volume fracture network in unconventional reservoirs. The method for calculating the fractal parameters of the fracture network is given. The box dimension method is used to analyze a fracturing core, and the fractal dimension is calculated. The fractal index of fracture network in fracturing vertical wells are also firstly calculated by introducing an analysis method. On this basis, the conventional dual-media model and the fractal dual-media model are compared, and the distribution of reservoir permeability and porosity are analyzed. The results show that the fractal porosity/permeability can be used to describe the reservoir physical properties more accurately. At the same time, the flow rate calculating by conventional dual-media model and the fractal dual-media model were calculated and compared. The comparative analysis found that the flow rate calculated by the conventional dual-media model was relatively high in the early stage, but the flow rate was not much different in the later stage. The research results provide certain guiding significance for the description of fracture network of volume fracturing vertical well in unconventional reservoirs.
Experimental Study on the Elemental Sulfur Solubility in Sour Gas Mixtures
Authors: Zhang Rui , Gu Shaohua , Huang Liang , Zeng Daqian , Li Tong , Zhang Guangdong
Published: October 2021

The investigation of elemental sulfur solubility plays critical roles on sour gas reservoir development. In this paper, the solubility of elemental sulfur was directly measured by static method with gas samples from well M1 of a sour gas reservoir in Sichuan Basin. The results show that the solubility of elemental sulfur ranges from 0.001 g/cm3 to 0.968 g/cm3 at 40–98.9 MPa and 15–49.8 MPa. The elemental sulfur solubility increases with increasing temperature and pressure, especially when the pressure is greater than 30 MPa. Moreover, the H2S content in sour gas mixtures is also an important factor affecting elemental sulfur solubility. The elemental sulfur solubility increases with increasing H2S content of the sour gas mixtures. The experimental data in this paper display a consistent trend with the reported experimental data. Based on the experimental results, the chrastil-type model, Robert’s model and Hu’s model were investigated and compared. The results show that the chrastil-type model by fitting experimental data in this paper has less error and higher accuracy in calculating elemental sulfur solubility in M gas reservoir. The chrastil-type models proposed in the literature, meanwhile, are only based on the regression of specific gas components and experimental conditions, which lead to a large error in the calculation of elemental sulfur solubility of sour gas samples in this research. The research results provide important basic data and technical support for the development of M gas reservoir.
Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity as Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer Prognosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lu Yu , Tao Jing
Published: October 2021

Background

Urinary bladder carcinoma is common in developed settings, and prognosis may be impacted by lifestyle factors such as excess body weight and diabetes mellitus. The present meta-analysis aimed to systematically collate and analyze evidence on the impact of diabetes and excess BMI on bladder cancer outcomes.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were screened for relevant studies that examined the association between bladder cancer outcomes and diabetes and/or excess body weight. The primary outcomes for this study were mortality (both all-cause and cancer-specific), risk of cancer progression, and recurrence. Strength of association was presented in the form of pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HR). Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 16.0.

Results

Twenty-five articles met inclusion criteria. Nine of these examined diabetes mellitus while 16 studied body mass index. All studies were retrospective. Diabetic patients had significantly higher risk for all-cause mortality (HR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.44, n=3), cancer specific mortality (HR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.16, n=7), disease progression (HR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.06, n=8), and recurrence (HR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.48, n=8) compared to non-diabetics. No statistically significant risk change for all-cause mortality, cancer specific mortality, disease progression, and recurrence was found for overweight patients. However, obese individuals were at higher risk for disease progression (HR 1.88, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.50, n=3) and recurrence (HR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.40, n=7) compared to normal BMI patients.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that diabetes and excess body weight negatively influences bladder cancer prognosis and outcome. The increased risk of mortality due to diabetes was similar to that in the general population. Since retrospective studies are potentially susceptible to bias, future prospective studies on this subject are required.
NKG2D Engagement Alone Is Sufficient to Activate Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells While 2B4 Only Provides Limited Coactivation
Authors: Wu Xiaolong , Sharma Amit , Oldenburg Johannes , Weiher Hans , Essler Markus , Skowasch Dirk , Schmidt-Wolf Ingo G. H.
Published: October 2021

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are anex vivoexpanded heterogeneous cell population with an enriched NK-T phenotype (CD3+CD56+). Due to the convenient and relatively inexpensive expansion capability, together with low incidence of graftversushost disease (GVHD) in allogeneic cancer patients, CIK cells are a promising candidate for immunotherapy. It is well known that natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) plays an important role in CIK cell-mediated antitumor activity; however, it remains unclear whether its engagement alone is sufficient or if it requires additional co-stimulatory signals to activate the CIK cells. Likewise, the role of 2B4 has not yet been identified in CIK cells. Herein, we investigated the individual and cumulative contribution of NKG2D and 2B4 in the activation of CIK cells. Our analysis suggests that (a) NKG2D (not 2B4) is implicated in CIK cell (especially CD3+CD56+ subset)-mediated cytotoxicity, IFN-γ secretion, E/T conjugate formation, and degranulation; (b) NKG2D alone is adequate enough to induce degranulation, IFN-γ secretion, and LFA-1 activation in CIK cells, while 2B4 only provides limited synergy with NKG2D (e.g., in LFA-1 activation); and (c) NKG2D was unable to costimulate CD3. Collectively, we conclude that NKG2D engagement alone suffices to activate CIK cells, thereby strengthening the idea that targeting the NKG2D axis is a promising approach to improve CIK cell therapy for cancer patients. Furthermore, CIK cells exhibit similarities to classical invariant natural killer (iNKT) cells with deficiencies in 2B4 stimulation and in the costimulation of CD3 with NKG2D. In addition, based on the current data, the divergence in receptor function between CIK cells and NK (or T) cells can be assumed, pointing to the possibility that molecular modifications (e.g., using chimeric antigen receptor technology) on CIK cells may need to be customized and optimized to maximize their functional potential.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Nano-Silica Modified Cement-Based Materials Mixed With Supplementary Cementitious Materials Based on Response Surface Method
Authors: Zhang Xiuzhi , Lin Liming , Bi Mengdi , Sun Hailong , Chen Heng , Li Qinfei , Mu Ru
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the effect of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on the fresh and mechanical properties of nano-silica modified cement-based materials (NSMCBM) based on the response surface method (RSM). Fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS), and silica fume (SF) were selected and the Box-Behnken design (BBD) method was used to design mix proportion. Besides, the quadratic term model was used to describe the relationship between independent variables and responses including fluidity, yield stress, plastic viscosity, thixotropy, and 3, 7, 28, and 56 d compressive strength. Based on the quadratic term model, the response surface of each response was drawn to understand the influence of SCMs. Results showed that FA had significant effect on fluidity and thixotropy while three kinds of SCMs had extremely significant effect on plastic viscosity. Response surface plot showed that NS could increase the plastic viscosity of NSMCBM to 1.445 Pa•s (M16). However, the addition of FA and GGBFS decreased the plastic viscosity to 0.9 Pa•s, which was comparable with the reference sample (M17). Such value was 37.7% lower than that of M16. Meanwhile, NS complemented the reduction of compressive strength caused by SCMs. Thus, the synergy effect of SCMs and NS could improve both fresh and mechanical properties. At last, multi-objective optimization was utilized to optimize the proportion of SCMs considering the interaction between SCMs to achieve desirable parameters.
The Value of Effective Lung Ventilation Area Ratio Based on CT Image Analysis Is a New Index to Predict the Shorter Outcome of Anti-melanoma Differentiation-Associated Protein 5 Positive Dermatomyositis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Changjian , Du Jinfeng , Mei Xilong , Guo Lingchao , Li Fangzhao , Luo Hong , Li Fen
Published: October 2021

Background: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) positive dermatomyositis (MDA5+DM) patients have poor outcomes due to rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD). The accurate assessment of lung involvement is an urgent focus of research.

Methods: A computer-aided lung interstitial image analysis technology has been developed, and a quantitative indicator named effective lung ventilation area ratio (ELVAR) that calculates the proportion of the area outside the lung interstitium in lung tissue has been established. 55 newly diagnosed MDA5+DM patients and 46 healthy individuals, matched for age and gender, were enrolled in this study. MDA5+DM patients were classified into early death group or early survival group according to their survival state within 3 months after diagnosis. Clinical characteristics, laboratory and immunological test results, lung involvement (including ELVAR value) and treatment were compared between early death group and early survival group to determine an index that can predict prognoses of patients with MDA5+DM.

Results: There were significant differences between early death MDA5+DM patients and early survival MDA5+DM patients about 12 indices including age of onset, CRP, ferritin, albumin, and pulmonary involvement including severity of type I respiratory failure at diagnosis, P/F ratio, oxygen supplementation, values of ELVAR, FVC, and DLCO. The results of ROC analysis and correlation analysis showed the value of ELVAR had good diagnostic value and widely correlation with many clinical characteristics. Univariate analysis and Multivariate analysis showed four factors including age of onset, ferritin, value of ELVAR, and oxygen supplementation >4 L/min significantly value for poor prognosis in MDA5+DM patients. A cutoff value of 0.835 about ELVAR had good predictive power for mortality within 3 months in 54.2% of MDA5+DM patients.

Conclusion: The value of ELVAR derived from computed tomography image analysis is a new index that can predict poor outcomes in MDA5+DM patients with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease.
Global Diversification and Distribution of Coronaviruses With Furin Cleavage Sites
Authors: Liu Xiaotong , Wu Qunfu , Zhang Zhigang
Published: October 2021

Knowledge about coronaviruses (CoVs) with furin cleavage sites is extremely limited, although these sites mediate the hydrolysis of glycoproteins in plasma membranes required for MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 to enter cells and infect humans. Thus, we have examined the global epidemiology and evolutionary history of SARS-CoV-2 and 248 other CoVs with 86 diversified furin cleavage sites that have been detected in 24 animal hosts in 28 countries since 1954. Besides MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, two of five other CoVs known to infect humans (HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1) also have furin cleavage sites. In addition, human enteric coronavirus (HECV-4408) has a furin cleavage site and has been detected in humans (first in Germany in 1988), probably via spillover events from bovine sources. In conclusion, the presence of furin cleavage sites might explain the polytropic nature of SARS-CoV-2- and SARS-CoV-2-like CoVs, which would be helpful for ending the COVID-19 pandemic and preventing outbreaks of novel CoVs.
Phenotypic Switching of Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 Into a Large Colony Variant Enhances Heritable Resistance Against β-Lactam Antibiotics
Authors: Sun Yajun , Liu Miaomiao , Niu Mingze , Zhao Xin
Published: October 2021

Phenotypic heterogeneity within a bacterial population may confer new functionality and allow microorganisms to adapt to fluctuating environments. Previous work has suggested that Staphylococcus aureus could form small colony variants to avoid elimination by therapeutic antibiotics and host immunity systems. Here we show that a reversible non-pigment large colony morphology (Mu50∆lcpA-LC) was observed in S. aureus Mu50 after knocking out lcpA, coding for the LytR-CpsA-Psr family A protein. Mu50∆lcpA-LC increased resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, in addition, the enlarged cell size, enhanced spreading ability on solid medium, and reduced biofilm formation, suggesting better abilities for bacterial expansion. Moreover, the expression of spa encoding protein A was significantly increased in Mu50∆lcpA-LC. This study shows that besides the small colony variants, S. aureus could fight against antibiotics and host immunity through phenotype switching into a large colony variant.
Gut Dysbiosis, Bacterial Colonization and Translocation, and Neonatal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infants
Authors: Lee Chien-Chung , Feng Ye , Yeh Yuan-Ming , Lien Reyin , Chen Chyi-Liang , Zhou Ying-Li , Chiu Cheng-Hsun
Published: October 2021

Gut dysbiosis may precede neonatal sepsis, but the association is still not well-understood. The goal of this study is to investigate the association between gut microbiota and neonatal sepsis, and to seek the evidence of colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the gut before evolving into an invasive infection. A prospective cohort study examined fecal microbiota composition in preterm infants with and without sepsis. Thirty-two very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants and 10 healthy term infants as controls were enrolled. The fecal samples collected from the participants at the first, fourth, and seventh weeks of life underwent 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing for measurement of the diversity and composition of the microbiota. The bacterial isolates causing neonatal sepsis were genome sequenced. PCR was performed to confirm the translocation of the bacteria from the gut to the blood. The results showed that VLBW preterm infants with sepsis had lower microbial diversity in the gut at birth compared to preterm infants without sepsis and term infants. The composition of gut microbiome in preterm infants was similar to healthy terms at birth but evolved toward dysbiosis with increasing Proteobacteria and decreasing Firmicutes weeks later. The strain-specific PCR confirmed the presence of causative pathogens in the gut in 4 (40%) out of 10 VLBW preterms with sepsis before or at onset of sepsis, and persistence of the colonization for weeks after antibiotic treatment. The same bacterial strain could horizontally spread to cause infection in other infants. Prolonged antibiotic exposure significantly reduced beneficial Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the gut. In conclusion, preterm infants with gut dysbiosis are at risk for neonatal sepsis, and the causative pathogens may be from the gut and persist to spread horizontally. The association of increased Proteobacteria abundance and decrease in microbiome diversity suggests the need for interventions targeting the gut microbiome to prevent dysbiosis and sepsis in VLBW preterm infants.