bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuel and lubricants consumption during timber felling and processing in the area of p.j. Forest office „Zavidovići“
Authors: Halilović Velid , Kupusović Amer , Knežević Jelena , Sokolović Dževada , Bajrić Muhamed , Musić Jusuf
Published: September 2019

Chainsaw is the main tool for work in a phase of wood felling and processing of forest harvesting in BiH. The aim of the research was to determine fuel and lubricant consumption of the chainsaws Husqvarna 365 and Dolmar PS – 7310 in the phase of felling and processing of wood assortments at the area of P.J. Forest Office „Zavidovići“, forest compartment 203. The volumetric method was applied for the measurement of fuel and lubricants consumption, with precise determination of fuel and lubricant quantity in chainsaw tanks. In total 140 trees of the sessile oak were felled (70 trees with
chainsaw Husqvarna 365 and 70 trees with chainsaw Dolmar PS – 7310) during the research. The diameter at the breast height of felled trees ranged from 15 to 84 cm, while tree height ranged from 10,3 to 37,2 m. The total volume of processed assortments was 180,11 m3. The average fuel consumption per m3 processed assortments was 0,306 L/m3 for trees felled by chainsaw Husqvarna 365 which is for 0,042 L/m3 larger in comparison to chainsaw Dolmar PS – 7310 with average fuel consumption of 0,264 L/m3. The average lubricant consumption per m3 processed assortments was 0,102 L/m3 for trees felled by chainsaw Husqvarna 365 which is for 0,012 L/m3 larger in comparison to chainsaw Dolmar PS – 7310 with average lubricant consumption of 0,09 L/m3. Considering conducted research it can be assumed that there are differences in fuel and lubricant consumption between this two type of chainsaws for considered working conditions, but differences are not statistically significant.
Naseljavanje velike sjenice (Parus major L.) u mlade bjelogorične sastojine pomoću škrinjica za gniježđenje
Authors: Dolenec Zdravko
Published: September 2019

Conservation of the biodiversity of the forest ecosystems is becoming one of the priority issues in the forest management. Birds play an important role in the overall life of the forest ecosystem, for instance, as an important component of the trophic chains. Recent studies worldwide suggest decline in the population size and richness of the forest bird species, especially those nesting in the cavity of the forest trees. Special emphasis is placed on the secondary cavity nesters. In contrast to the primary cavity excavators, which are making a tree cavity by themselves, secondary cavity nesters for their nesting use cavities made by the primary cavity excavators or natural cavities formed by gradual wood decay process. In order to maintain bird diversity in the forests with a lack of nesting cavities, installation of the nestboxes is an important strategy in many countries. This applies mainly to young deciduous, coniferous stands, and monocultural plantations and areas afforested with exotic tree species. In this paper, occupation of the nestboxes in the young deciduous stands was investigated. According to some researchers, the colour of the nestbox and its height above the ground could be important factors of the nestbox occupation in some bird species. In this study, a total of 120 standard wooden nestboxes were used (60 green and 60 brown). Nestboxes were installed in pairs on a single tree, at a height of 4.0 to 4.5 m (“high” position) and 2.0 to 2.5 m (“low” position). On the first tree, the green nestbox was in the “high” position, on the next tree in the “low” position and so on. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of occupancy of the nestboxes with a respect to the colour and the position on the tree. Because of the intra- and interspecific competition, only one of the nestbox pair was inhabited. Of the total 60 nestbox pairs, 44 (73.3%) nestboxes were occupied; 35 (79, 5%) by a Great Tit (Parus major) and 9 (20.5%) by a Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus). Great Tits occupied mainly “green” nestboxes (88.6%), with no significant differences in the height position of the chosen nestbox. In conclusion, the colour of the nestboxes is more important factor than the height position on the tree during the occupation of the nestboxes by a Great Tit.
Production, Characterisation, and Isolation of Lipase from Aspergillus niger by using Palm Oil as Inducer
Authors: Murni Sri Wahyu , Kholisoh Siti Diyar , D.L. Tanti , E.M. Petrissia
Published: September 2019

The objective of the research was to produce, isolate and characterise lipase from Aspergillus niger, and therefore inducted it by using palm oil. The lipase enzyme was produced through a batch fermentation process in a 1.4 liters-fermentor. Fermentation was carried out at room temperature, initial pH of 7, the stirring speed of 250 rpm, aeration rate of 1 vvm, and inducer concentration of 3%-m/v palm oil/ml. Enzymes was characterised at several temperature and pH variations. The lipase showed the optimum performance at pH of 7 and temperature of 30 °C with the activity of 1.5 U / ml. Isolation of lipase yielded a 4-times-increase in its activity by using 90% ammonium sulfate.
Co-Digestion of Vinasse Waste and Tofu Liquid Waste to Increase Biogas Production
Authors: Syaichurrozi Iqbal
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to increase biogas production using co-digestion concept. Vinasse Waste (VW) containing high COD and low total Nitrogen content was mixtured with Tofu Liquid Waste (TLW) containing low COD and high total Nitrogen. Substrates were varied with volume ratio of VW:TLW of 100:0, 20:80, 0:100. Total volume of substrates was 250 mL. Anaerobic digesters were operated at room temperatur. After fermentation, biogas total volume of variables of 100:0, 20:80, 0:100 was 88.5; 125.5; 41.5 mL. Initial pH for all variables was 7.0. At the end of fermentation, pH substrates became 3.9; 5.1; 6.8 for variables of 100:0, 20:80, 0:100 respectively.
Design of Flow Control System with A Kickback Flow as A Manipulated Variable
Authors: Hermawan Yulius Deddy
Published: September 2019

The open loop experiment of water flow dynamic in pipe has been done in laboratory. Pump was used to flow water in pipe. Part of liquid from discard of pump was recycled back to the suction of pump (kickback) and adjusted to control the liquid flow to the next process. The open loop laboratory experiment produced the steady state parameters; they were discard flowrate =16.6 [L/min], kickback flowrate =5.8 [L/min], and liquid flowrate to the next process =10.8 [L/min]. These steady state parameters were then used as the initial value for closed loop simulation with computer programming. This study has proposed the liquid flow control configuration by manipulating the kickback flow. Proportional Integral (PI) was proposed to control the flow and Routh-Hurwitz (RH) stability criterion was chosen to predict the range of the controller gain (Kc) that gives stable response. The closed loop model was solved analytically with Laplace method for both servo and regulatory problems. The set point change of flow and disturbance were made based on step function. The scilab software was used to do closed loop simulation. Based on RH stability criterion, the controller gain should be negative in order to give stable response. The closed loop simulation showed that by using controller gain Kc=–0.5 and integral time constant tI=0.3 [min], stable and fast response with Integral Absolute Error (IAE) near to zero (0,0022) could be achieved.
Pra-Rancangan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (Ipal) Industri Batik (Studi Kasus Batik Sembung, Sembungan Rt.31/Rw.14, Gulurejo, Lendah, Kulonprogo)
Authors: Hastutiningrum Sri , Purnawan Purnawan
Published: September 2019

Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan rancangan pengolahan limbah cair batik bagi industri batik di Yogyakarta. Beberapa parameter limbah cair batik sebelum diolah masih melebihi baku mutu, yaitu : TDS 5.325 mg/l, BOD 2.712,02 mg/l, COD 10.464,00 mg/l, dan pH 10,5. IPAL dirancang secara batch dengan sistem ekualisasi, koagulasi-flokulasi, sedimentasi, kontrol, dan pengering lumpur. Tahap perancangan IPAL meliputi menghitung ukuran dimensi masing-masing unit IPAL, merancang gambar masing-masing unit, dan menghitung rencana anggaran biaya yang diperlukan. Terdapat beberapa unit pada perancangan IPAL, salah satunya limbah cair batik sebanyak 5,5 m3 beserta dimensi yaitu : bak ekualisasi (panjang = 2,2m, lebar = 1,1m, tinggi = 2,5m), bak koagulasi-flokulasi (diameter = 1,2m, tinggi = 1,95m), bak sedimentasi (panjang = 2,013m, lebar = 1,0065m, tinggi = 1m), bak pengering lumpur (panjang = 0,92m, lebar = 0,46m, tinggi = 0,77m),  bak filtrasi (panjang = 2,36m, lebar = 1,18m, tinggi = 2,4m), dan bak kontrol (panjang = 1,138m, lebar = 1,138m, tinggi = 1,138m). Adapun total rencana anggaran biaya yang dibutuhkan dalam perancangan IPAL limbah cair industri batik adalah sebesar Rp 67.833.300,34.
Deceptive Contiguity: The Polygon in Spatial History
Authors: Scholz Luca
Published: September 2019

The polygon is the most common vector data model used to represent political entities in spatial history and historical GIS. When it comes to visualizing the entangled, complex political geography of early modern societies, however, discrete, contiguous features can be a problematic cartographic choice. One example explored in detail here is the aggressive enserfment of foreign peasants by the Electoral Palatinate in the seventeenth-century Holy Roman Empire. The comparison of an older map of these events with GIS maps based on new data shows how the polygons on the older map exaggerate the extent of Palatine expansion and suggest a continuous distribution of phenomena that were really discontinuous. Indeed, in early modern political geography, the polygon often operates as the cartographic equivalent of problematic concepts such as absolutism and sovereignty. Though point-based maps offer more accurate representations of pre-modern spatial orders, they hinge on the availability of geospatial data. Discussing the potential and limitations of different kinds of spatial data available to early modern historians today, the conclusion calls for a more argument-driven spatial history of early modernity.
Factores afectivo-motivacionales y aprendizaje de la lectoescritura en estudiantes del segundo grado de primaria de la Institución Educativa N.° 64668 La Perla de Yarinacocha, 2018
Authors: Chávez Epiquén Abdías , Hurtado Tiza David Raúl , Sosa Macedo Guillermo Adolfo
Published: September 2019

El estudio se propuso determinar la relación entre los factores afectivo-motivacionales y la lectoescritura en niños de segundo grado de primaria. La investigación, por su naturaleza, fue teórica; por su alcance, descriptiva, y por su finalidad, cuantitativa; como método general se utilizó el método científico y, de modo específico, el método descriptivo, con diseño descriptivo correlacional. Para la muestra, se tomó de modo censal a 70 estudiantes del segundo grado de primaria de la Institución Educativa N.° 64668 La Perla de Yarinacocha, provincia de Coronel Portillo. Se utilizó la técnica de la observación con su instrumento la guía de observación sobre las variables: factores afectivo-motivacionales y lectoescritura. Se concluyó que existe relación directa entre dichas variables, con un coeficiente rho de Spearman de 0.609, al 0.05 de significancia. Cuanto mejor se desarrolle la afectividad, en la misma proporción, se desarrollará la lectoescritura.
Amino acids composition of herb of Lamiaceae family representatives
Authors: Shanayda M. I.
Published: September 2019

Researching of the amino acids contents in medicinal plant raw materials is an important task of pharmaceutical science and practice, because complexes of amino acids used for the corrections of hepatobiliary disorders, nervous and cardiovascular systems.

The aim of this study was to conduct a qualitative and quantitative analysis of amіno acids composition of these representatives.

The article presents the results of the amino acid composition investigation of the above-ground parts of 10 species belonging to Lamiaceae Juss. Family (Ocimum, Hyssopus, Dracocephalum, Lophanthus, Monarda and Satureja genera). By paper chromatography it was identified several amino acids. HPLC analyzes revealed the content and composition of more than 20 amino acids. The highest total amino acid composition was found in the herb of the genus Ocimum. It was identified 10 essential and non-essential 9 amino acids in each herb, and 3 nonproteinogenic amino acids also. It was established that in all plant materials dominate quantitatively nonessential amino acids (asparagine, proline, glutamic and aspartic acid). Among the essential amino acids arginine and threonine predominate.
Development and validation of the methods of phenytoin determination in urine by the method of gas–liquid chromatography
Authors: Klimenko L. Yu. , Bondar V. S. , Gumeniuk O. V.
Published: September 2019

Development of the methods of strong medicines determination in human biological liquids for application in forensic and clinical toxicology is one of actual problems of pharmaceutical science, but validation of the analytical methods becomes much more vital and widely discussed problem in analytical toxicology in the last decade.

The purpose of the paper was to develop the methods of phenytoin quantitative determination in urine based on the offered before procedure of the analyte determination by the method of gas–liquid chromatography and to carry out validation of the developed methods in the variant of the method of calibration curve according to the approaches offered by authors for choosing the optimal procedure of phenytoin isolation from the mentioned biological matrix.

The set of GLC-methods of phenytoin quantitative determination in urine using different procedures of sample preparation – by extraction with chloroform in the acid medium and by maceration with acetonitrile without acidifying and at pH = 2 with subsequent separation of organic layer under the conditions of aqueous phase saturation by ammonium sulphate – has been developed.

Validation of the developed methods has been carried out and it has been set that acetonitrile application in the acid medium (рН = 2) is optimal for phenytoin determination in urine – extraction efficiency is maximal and equal to ~97%, and performance of linearity, accuracy and precision is optimal.

Application possibility of the offered approaches to validation of quantitative determination methods for forensic and toxicological analysis in the variant of the method of calibration curve for validation of procedure using the method of gas–liquid chromatography has been shown.
Antimicrobial and antifungal properties of 4-((R-iden)amino)-5-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol
Authors: Safonov A. A. , Panasenko Т. V. , Knysh E. G. , Polishchuk N. M.
Published: September 2019

For creating a new biologically active compounds are using a system on which already exist medications. One such system is the core of 1,2,4-triazole.

The aim of our work was to study the antimicrobial and antifungal activity new 4-((R-iden)amino)-5-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols. The study was conducted according to the method of serial dilutions.

As a result of studies new synthesized 4-((R-idene)amino)-5-(thiophene-2-ilmetyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiols exhibit antimicrobial and antifungal activity.

The most active compound that exhibits antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus is 4-((1-(phenyl)ethylidene)amino)-5-(thiophene-2-ilmetyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiol and 4-((3-nitrobenzylidene)amino)-5-(thiophene-2-ilmetyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiol, 4-((4-fluorbenzylidene)amino)-5-(thiophene-2-ilmetyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiol exhibit antifungal activity level of the comparator fluconazole, compound III, VI exceed its performance.
UV-spectrophotometric study of the 7-((3-thio-4-R-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)methyl)-theophyllines
Authors: Gotsulya A. S. , Panasenko A. I. , Knysh E. G. , Pryimenko A. O.
Published: September 2019

Chemistry of the 1,2,4-triazole derivatives recently attracts the attention of many scientists, mainly due to the presence of the number of the valuable pharmacological properties. In modern medical practice, there are many examples of successful heterocyclic systems derivatives usage. First of all, it is a group of drugs with antifungal activity (fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, pozakonazol), antidepressant activity (alprazolam, triazolam), anticancer activity (anastrozole, letrozole). But despite the great practical importance of works in this area, the structure of 1,2,4-triazoles-3-thione derivatives have been studied imperfectly. Therefore, the study of this class of compounds is actual now.

The aim of this work was to study the UV-spectra of the research compounds in different polarity solvents (water, 95% ethanol, 0,1 M and 1 M sodium hydroxide, 0,1 M and 1 M hydrochloric acid, 0,1 M and 1 M sulfate acid solution, chloroform, isopropanol, acetonitrile and dioxane) for structure–spectral data relationship establishing.

Spectrophotometer SPECORD 200-222U214 was used to study the UV-spectra of the analyzed compounds and to measure their intensity.

During the research, it was found that the electronic spectra of 7-((3-thio-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazoles-5-yl)methyl)theophylline, 7-((3-thio-4-ethyl-1,2,4-triazolе-5-yl)methyl)theophylline and 7-((3-thio-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolе-5-yl)methyl)-theophylline were characterized by maximums in the short-wave (203–235 nm) and medium-wavе part (250–272 nm) of UV-spectrum.

Due to the presence of the methylene fragment in investigated molecules, which connects the purine cycle with 1,2,4-triazole, absorbtion maximums were caused by π→π*-electron jumping of the corresponding type 1La and 1Lb.
Determination of the glucose residues on pharmaceutical equipment surfaces by both methods: polarimetry and HPLC
Authors: Fedosenko A. А. , Scrypynets Yu. V. , Leonenko I. I. , Yegorova A. V. , Kashutskуy S. N. , Antonovich V. P.
Published: September 2019

Cleaning of equipment in the production of medicines is an important requirement of good manufacturing practice (GMP). As a rule, the same process equipment is used for the production of a number of different drugs that may result in cross-contamination. In order to prevent the contamination there is need in efficient cleaning of equipment used with the validation methods for each part of equipment. There is need as well to prove and establish acceptable residual limits of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) on the surface of the equipment after purification (purity acceptance criteria) based on the therapeutic dose of API, toxicity, volume of series, the surface area of the used equipment.

The aim of this work is the development of the simple and selective polarimetry and HPLC methods for determining residual amounts of glucose in washings from surfaces of pharmaceutical equipment after production of the drug. The object of the research is glucose, which is a part of the drug Regidron, powder for oral solution of 18.9 g per sachet. The swab Alpha® Sampling Swab TX715; membrane filters 0.20 µm; Minisart RC 15 «Sartorius» (Germany) were used. The polarimetric and HPLC methods for determination of glucose residues in washings from surfaces of pharmaceutical equipment after production the Regidron were developed.

The recovery rates of glucose from swabs and pharmaceutical equipment surfaces are more than 90%. The proposed simple and rapid methods are characterized by satisfactory metrological characteristics and can be recommended to determine the residues of glucose in controlling the quality of cleaning pharmaceutical equipment.
Using the thermal methods of analysis in selecting the optimal production techniques for tablets based on ademetionine 1,4-butanedisulfonate substance
Authors: Burdak K. S. , Yarnyh T. G. , Yanchuk I. B. , Borschevskiy G. I.
Published: September 2019

When developing tablets on the base of ademetionine 1.4-butandionsulfonat substance it is difficult to obtain a stable product, as substance is hygroscopic, and its quantity in the tablet is 90% by weight of the core.

The aim of our work was the choice of conditions which would assure the safety of physical and chemical properties of the substance in the production process and allowed to get quality product.

Tablet mass was prepared by dry mixing, controlling the relative humidity in the range from 15 to 50% and a temperature from 15 to 25 °C. Studies were carried out by differential scanning calorimetry and the method for determining the weight of moisture. The results were compared with those obtained in studies for comparing drug Geptral (Abbott SpA, Italy).

As a result of studies was found that study samples number 1 and number 2 are as close as possible to their thermodynamic properties to the comparing drug. However, achieving a relative humidity of 15% is costly compared with values reaching 20%. Thus in the case of serial production is sufficient to create the following conditions: relative humidity not above 20%, the temperature +20,0 ± 2,0 °C.
Study of the acute toxicity of the praziquantel using different routs of administration
Authors: Kechin І. L. , Romanina D. M. , Gladishev V. V. , Dudun A. D.
Published: September 2019

Patients with similar to acne dermatosis have more strongly pronounced clinical symptoms and significant increase of relapses rate in case of the demodicosis presence. Praziquantel is an antiparasitic substance with activity regarding to flukes and cestodes. Investigations carried out by the domestic scientists exposed also a presence of the antidemodicosic effect.

In Ukraine praziquantel is registered in the form of the oral tablets long using of which provokes gastrointestinal side effects. In view of this fact usage of alternative praziquantel routs of administration draws interest. 

The aim of this work is study of the acute toxicity of the praziquantel using intraperitoneal, oral, rectal and topical administration.

Investigations of the toxicity were carried out according to the order of preclinical study and data examination of the preclinical study of drugs.

It was established that praziquantel intraperitoneal (LD50 = 564 mg/kg) and intragastric (LD50 = 1 030 mg/kg) administration in white rats by the extent of toxicity is a slightly dangerous substance (3 toxicity class). Study of the acute toxicity of the model semisolid application dosage forms in subtoxic dose for external administration showed that single applying of the external ointment and rectal suppository with this active substance in the maximum allowable volume doesn’t lead to the laboratory animal’s death and doesn’t negative influence on the examining parameters of their homeostasis. It is determined that praziquantel dosage forms for the external and rectal administration less toxic than oral tablets and are practically nontoxic substances.
Deteksi Gas Aseton sebagai Biomarker dalam Napas Manusia dengan Metode Spektroskopi Fotoakustik Laser
Authors: Yoga pratama Ananta Kusuma
Published: September 2019

Abstrak: Dalam penelitian ini, telah dilakukan deteksi dan pengukuran konsentrasi gas aseton dalam gas hembus pernapasanmanusia menggunakan spektrometer fotoakustik sensitifitas tinggi. Laser CO2 kontinyu dengan panjang gelombang 9 sampaidengan 11mm sebagai sumber radiasi digunakan untuk medeteksi gas aseton. Pada penggunaannya, laser dikombinasikandengan teknik spektroskopi fotoakustik konfigurasi intrakavitas.  Optimasi daya laser CO2 menghasilkan daya intrakavitasterukur  53 watt.  Batas deteksi terendah (BDT)  secara teoritisnya didapatkan sebesar 2,2 ± 0,04 ppb. Deteksi gas biomarkerpada gas hembus pernapasan manusia telah berhasil mengukur konsentrasi gas aseton sebesar 540±6 ppb.Kata kunci: gas aseton, spektroskopi fotoakustik, laserAbstract: In this study, the detection and measurement of acetone gas concentrations in human respiratory bladder gas usinga high sensitivity photoacoustic spectrometer was performed. The continuous CO2 lasers with wavelengths of 9 to 11 μm asradiation sources was used to detect acetone gas. In its applications, the continuous CO2 lasers was combined withphotoacoustic spectroscopy techniques of intracavity configuration. The optimization of CO2 laser power produces a measured53 watts intracavity power. The lowest detection limit (BDT) is theoretically obtained at 2.2 ± 0.04 ppb. Detection of biomarkergas in human respiratory human bladder gas has successfully measured the concentration of acetone gas by 540 ± 6 ppb.Keyword: acetone gas, photoacoustic spectroscopy, laser
Application of quantum dots as fluorescent maker in cell labeling
Authors: Tran Hong Diep Thi , Nguyen Cao Tri , Le Khanh Thien , Vo Ngoc Thuy Thi , Tran Hieu Van
Published: September 2019

Quantum dots (QDs) have the potential to be used as a marker in research and supporting for medical treatment because of their unique optical and electronic properties such as size-tuneable light emission, narrow emission, high photostability, etc. With the goal of applying for biomarkers, QDs are often attached with antibodies. In order to simplify the binding process, we experimented to attach adaptor protein, namely protein A/G to CdSe/ZnS QDs covered by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). 80.7 % and 51.2 % of protein A/G at the concentration of 60 μg/mL and 20 μg/mL, respectively, conjugated with QDs in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) without supporting of N-Ethyl-N’-(3dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS). After attaching to protein A/G, anti-pan T antibody could recognize and visualize Jurkat T cells. In conclusion, protein A/G was conjugated successfully on QDs and initially support for application in cell labeling.
Legal Framework for the Police Commissions: Current State and Prospects for Development
Authors: Sviatokum I. O.
Published: September 2019

The article deals with the current legal framework for the activities of the police commissions in Ukraine. These bodies, established under the 2015 Law of Ukraine “On National Police”, are tasked primarily with ensuring transparent staffing of the police by conducting competitive selection of the candidates for the positions in the police. They include representatives from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, National Police as well as representatives of the civil society, appointed on the by the oblast councils on the local and by the Verkhovna Rada Human Rights Ombudsperson on the countrywide level. However, in the study, a number of problems of the existing regulations have been identified.

The first group concerns the way the commissions are established, namely, there is no single approach to the establishment of the commissions of the interregional territorial police forces (such as the Patrol Police). While some of these forces have only one police commission, functioning in Kyiv, the others (including the Patrol Police) have separate police commissions for every oblast. While the latter provides better representation of the local interests, legal status of such commissions requires clarification. Additionally, it was proposed, that establishment of the police commissions on the level below the oblasts seems to be appropriate in order to better represent interests of the communities.

The second problem stems from the fact that the contests involving police commissions are obligatory only for the first assignment in the police, while further career decisions are at the respective police director’s discretion. There are no criteria that make appointment through the procedures of the police commissions obligatory for any position in the police, which significantly lowers their relevance for the further career development of the police officers. Therefore, it was proposed to establish a list of the positions, for which the contest would be mandatory.

Finally, the article deals with the issue of the policing priorities. While they are mentioned in the Law of Ukraine “On National Police”, the powers of the police commissions to issue them are not sufficiently regulated. It was suggested, therefore, to establish a mechanism, under which the police commissions would draft policing priorities and the respective local councils would adopt them.
Issues of the Professional Development of Investigators of Pre-Trial Investigation Agencies of the National Police of Ukraine
Authors: Miloradova N. E.
Published: September 2019

It has been noted that professional development of investigators of pre-trial investigation agencies of the National Police is a multi-faceted process, which includes both statutory regulated mandatory measures and appropriate professional and psychological support, as well as self-education and self-improvement of specialists. That is why consideration of the problems arising in the process of professional development and self-affirmation of employees of investigative units is a prerequisite for improving the efficiency of their activities. Legislative acts regulating the peculiarities of the professional development of investigators of the National Police of Ukraine have been considered.

Among the disadvantages of psychological support for passing consistent professional-genetic steps by investigators within the stage of professional development, the author has studied issues at the stages of professional adaptation (adaptant), mastering professional activity (intern), creative self-expression (master), mentoring (mentor), dismissal and social re-adaptation.

The author has analyzed the problems of advanced training of investigative units’ employees and the problems of professional training among the disadvantages of organizational and methodological support for the professional development of investigative units’ employees after the graduation from the professional training.

It has been also noted that the heads of structural units do not always let their subordinates to study at the correspondence course in institutions of higher education; investigators have lack of time for self-education, self-improvement and self-training for studies that reduces their motivation to self-improvement.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN PENGGUNAAN JENIS TANAMAN DENGAN METODE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: Mala Nur Musyarrofatul , Muhibuddin Anton , Sifaunajah Agus
Published: September 2019

Agriculture is an important sector that can not be separated in determining the formation of various economic and social reality of society in various regions of Indonesia. Most of the livelihoods of the Indonesian community are covered by agriculture. In daily life for farmers there are still many problems or constraints such as crop failure due to less suitable land for plant growth, climate uncertainty and others. So in this case will be made information system that will provide recommendations for farmers in determining the use of plant species in accordance with the conditions of land in certain areas.This application use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a method that will take the decision of some criteria by calculating the weight ratio or value on each type of plant and will produce information in the form of cropratings are recommended. So that decision support system with AHP method can be used as one solution in solving the problem of choosing the use of plants in accordance with the condition of the land in certain areas.

Keywords: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Decision Support System, Land Suitability
A Hot-Cold Cognitive Model of Depression: Integrating the Neuropsychological Approach Into the Cognitive Theory Framework
Authors: Ahern Elayne , Bockting Claudi L. H. , Semkovska Maria
Published: September 2019

In the 50 years following Beck’s cognitive theory, empirical research has consistently supported the role of dysfunctional, ‘hot’ cognition in the onset and maintenance of major depressive disorder. Compromised ‘cold’ cognition in attention, memory, and executive control abilities, independent of the affective state, has attracted much clinical interest for its role throughout the course of illness and into remission. We propose integrating cold cognition into Beck’s cognitive theory framework to account for the complementary roles of both hot and cold cognition in depression onset and maintenance.

A critical review of cognitive research was conducted to inform an integrated hot-cold cognitive model of depression.

Cold cognitive deficits likely act as a gateway to facilitate the activation and expression of the hot cognitive biases through a weakened ability to attend, retrieve, and critically assess information. Cold deficits become exacerbated by the negative mood state, essentially ‘becoming hot’, lending to maladaptive emotion regulation through ruminative processes. Depleted cognitive resources contribute to the manifestation of further deficit in problem-solving ability in everyday life, which in itself, may act as a stressor for the onset of recurrent episodes, perpetuating the depressive cycle.

We discuss the interaction between hot and cold cognition within the cognitive theory framework and the potential of complementary hot-cold pathways to elucidate novel means of prevention and treatment for depression.

Dysfunction in hot (emotion-dependent) and cold (emotion-independent) cognition has been demonstrated in depression, but psychological treatment has largely focused on hot cognition only.

Hot and cold cognition are complementary processes throughout the activation and maintenance of depressive schemas and biases, necessitating the consideration of both hot and cold cognitive aspects to disrupt the depressive cycle.

The proposed hot-cold cognitive model shows promise to stimulate new research avenues for the prevention and treatment of depression.

Dysfunction in hot (emotion-dependent) and cold (emotion-independent) cognition has been demonstrated in depression, but psychological treatment has largely focused on hot cognition only.

Hot and cold cognition are complementary processes throughout the activation and maintenance of depressive schemas and biases, necessitating the consideration of both hot and cold cognitive aspects to disrupt the depressive cycle.

The proposed hot-cold cognitive model shows promise to stimulate new research avenues for the prevention and treatment of depression.
Embracing Computational Approaches Can Stimulate Clinical Psychology Research
Authors: Van den Bergh Omer , Lehnen Nadine
Published: September 2019

not applicable
Pengaruh Nafas Dalam dan Posisi Terhadap Saturasi Oksigen dan Frekuensi Nafas Pada Pasien Asma
Authors: Yulia Anita , Dahrizal Dahrizal , Lestari Widia
Published: September 2019

Asthma is a disorder of chronic inflammation of the airways which causes shortness of breath so that in clinical conditions there will be a decrease in oxygen saturation. One intervention that can be done in asthma patients to maximize pulmonary ventilation is diaphragmatic breathing exercises. This study aimed to determine the effect of deep breath and position on the  oxygen saturation  (SpO2) and respiratory rate (RR)in asthma patients. This study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest with control group. In this study the sample was taken using consequtives sampling with 15 people in one group and the entire study sample was 30 people. Measuring the SpO2 value of patients using Oxymetri and the frequency of breathing using a stopwatch for one minute. Intervention of deep breathing techniques and positioning and after observation for 30 minutes. The analysis used the Mann Whitney test. The results of the study showed the influence of deep breathing intervention and position on the SpO2 value of asthma patients (P Value = 0.001) and there was influence of deep breathing intervention and position on the RR value of asthma patients (P Value = 0.001). Asthma can be realized by proper management of asthma. Appropriate management includes making lung function close to normal, preventing recurrence of the disease to prevent death.
Effectivity of imatinib therapy for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Hossain Md Mokter , Baki Mollah Obayedullah , Nur Tamanna E , Jesmin Zannatul Ferdous
Published: September 2019

Background: First generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia, and is now the front line therapy. Imatinib provides substantial cytogenetic and molecular remission, with minimal normal hematopoiesis suppression or side effects and is now first line therapy.

Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to determine the efficacy of imatinib therapy in the management of chronic myeloid leukemia in Bangladesh.

Methods: This prospective study was done from June 2012 to May 2018. In this period we treated eight chronic myeloid leukaemia patients with imatinib, in Khulna division, Bangladesh.

Results: Majority of the patients (50%) were in the age group of 21-30 years. Three patients died as because those patients were too poor to continue drugs. Another 5 patients were in good health and continuing follow up monthly. Among five patients, one patient have two healthy son.

Conclusion: Imatinib therapy is an effective treatment regimen in the management of chronic myeloid leukaemia. The best result can be obtained if CML is dignosed earlier.

Bang Med J (Khulna) 2018; 51 : 40-43
Implementasi Metode Action Research untuk Peningkatan Daya Saing Umkm Melalui E-Commerce
Authors: Zakiah Azizah , Ekawijana Ardhian , Laksana Eka Angga
Published: September 2019

Bandung city has Binong Jati knitting textile center established since 1965. This region is famous to neighboring countries because its knitted products are exported to Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, and Malaysia. Wanina Store and Karimake Store is a production house located in Binong Knitting Village. Production capacity has decreased significantly due to decreased sales volume so that it affects the level of business profits and impact on the low level of production. These SMEs are still using conventional ways in marketing their products and their knowledge in innovating technology is still low. Both partners are still using traditional marketing methods. They have not taken advantage of the existing marketplace or social media, due to the level of skills in the mastery and utilization of information technology is very low. So, the solution to the problem is (1) create an e-Commerce-based website to increase market share expansion and sales management. (2) provide training on the use of e-commerce that has been made. (3) provide training on the utilization of top 5 popular. The research method used in this research is the action research method and to measure the success of the system that has been implemented using the DeLone & Mc lean framework.Keywords : Action Research, SMEs, e-commerce, Improving, DeLone &Mc Lean.
Evaluasi Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik Menggunakan E-Government Maturity Model (Kasus di Pemerintah Kota Gorontalo)
Authors: Bouty Abdul Aziz , Koniyo Mohammad Hidayat , Novian Dian
Published: September 2019

Utilization of information and communication technology in the implementation of the current government process is a priority scale that needs to be continuously developed by the government. In its implementation there is a problem that is the lack of an evaluation process carried out, especially at the level of local government towards the use of information and communication technology. The purpose of this research is to evaluated of an electronics based governance system by measuring the maturity level. Measuring the maturity level on  the technical function capability using e-government maturity models and assessing 3 domains, 7 aspects and 35 indicators contained in an electronic based governance system. The research method used is survey method, in the environtment of government of Gorontalo City. The results of this research showed that the implementation of an electronic based government system in the government of Gorontalo City achieve “GOOD” predicate with a total index value of 2.88. Some indicators that have the lowest indeks value from the measurement and assessment results are informed in this study to further become recommendations for improvement the utilization of information and communication technology by the government of Gorontalo City.Keywords : evaluation, information technology, public service, maturity level.
La dispersión de riesgo, mediante el uso del seguro
Authors: León Alvear Ruben Germán , León Alvear Marco Marcelo
Published: September 2019

Esta investigación está estructurada para que puedan comprender en forma clara sobre la dispersión del riesgo y como debe ser tratado mediante el uso del seguro. En los países de américa latina en la cual la actividad aseguradora cobra día a día mayor importancia como formas de desarrollo personales e institucionales, sean éstas de derecho público o privado, se avizora una clara tendencia a profundizar la necesidad de cobertura de los riesgos, mediante un seguro que permita salvaguardar sus intereses personales y patrimoniales de los usuarios, clientes, empresas o corporaciones que lo posean.

Al seguro se lo debe analizar no como un gasto sino como una inversión que proteja su patrimonio y cediendo su riesgo a una aseguradora; no asuma su riesgo, porque puede perder capitales importantes que han sido fruto de su esfuerzo.

No obstante, lo que se trata es de crear una conciencia preventiva y una acertada cultura del seguro, enfocado a compartir con los asegurados y no asegurados del país información básica que ayude a comprender lo que significa este servicio tan importante, además sus características, principios, y demás beneficios que permita a las personas naturales o jurídicas, hacer uso responsable y oportuno para proteger su vida, sus seres queridos, bienes más preciados y todo aquello que puede ser objeto de asegurabilidad.
The Metastasis of Torture: How Torture Develops In Law Enforcement Agencies In Democracies
Authors: Lightcap Tracy
Published: September 2019

Most recent research on legal establishment of torture through informal institu- tions has concentrated on its appearance as a national policy. What has not been as extensively examined, however: is the use of torture, again justified by informal in- stitutions, to domestic law enforcement agencies. This paper will present a beginning study of this phenomena. I will suggest a model for how informal institutions allowing the appearance of torture can become established and an hypothesis derived from it. I will then use process tracing to analyze the development of torture within the Chicago Police Department and a counterfactual case, the absence of tortuous interrogations in the Boston Police Department. Together, these cases provide a preliminary test of the model. I will conclude with a discussion of what has been learned and some speculations on how the use of torture by domestic law enforcement agencies might be prevented.
Using Action Research as the Basis for Transforming a Workplace Culture so that Integration of Overseas Registered Nurses to the Nursing Home Clinical Setting be more Adaptive, Inclusive and Mutually Supportive
Authors: Baluyot Cynthia
Published: September 2019

Research question: How to integrate overseas registered nurses into the clinical setting of a nursing home in Norway?

Research problem: Newly arrived overseas registered nurses experience difficulties adjusting to the clinical setting in one of the institutions for old people in Norway.

Purpose: The purpose of the study shall be to develop a basic knowledge that will stimulate and improve competence in multicultural nursing in the clinical area. It will help develop research studies in nursing education and practice in relation to working conditions in a multi-cultural teamwork.

Theory: Multicultural nursing is a part of nursing that appreciates and accepts person/s` culture, not in the sense of approving all aspects of those cultures, but learning and understanding how a given culture can express care values, illness, health and behavior of its own members [1].Method: Qualitative research with a hermeneutical perspective is used. Action research [2] is the chosen method for this research due to its collaborative, reflective and evolutionary process of bringing about change. To ensure the effectiveness and trustworthiness of the study, focus group discussions and critical reflections are used. The data analysis is done through the hermeneutical approach according to level of interpretation.

Ethical considerations: Respondents received information about the research and other related matters in which the respondents are to participate. Ethical principles about confidentiality, anonymity and voluntary consent strictly observed. Permission granted from the head of the county where the nursing home is located.

Results: Results reveal that diversity issues such as in communication, different educational background, attitudes, values and cultural expectations, power dynamics and social avoidance and rejection are the underlying challenges of overseas registered nurses in adjusting to the Norwegian clinical setting.

Implications: Findings imply that the institution needs to provide a working climate that will promote professional and social integration to both the Norwegian registered nurses and overseas registered nurses.
OKVision® Onefit™ Mini-Scleral Lenses Fitting Guide
Authors: Belousova Elena
Published: September 2019

Corneal topography has been widely used in medical practice over recent years and it has helped to detect keratectasias of various genesis more often and in the earlier stages. The emergence of the new polymer materials with high oxygen permeability made it possible to wear scleral contact lenses safely, that also resulted in their popularization.
Scleral gas permeable lenses are an effective method of vision correction not only for various ectasias, but also for ametropia, presbyopia and other refractive pathologies. Scleral contact lenses do not directly touch the cornea and the limbus area, whereas tear firm under the lens physically smoothes out all of the existing defects and irregularities of the corneal surface, thus creating a ”cornea-tear-lens“ unified optical system. As a result, visual acuity increases significantly. In addition, scleral lenses ensure excellent comfort starting from the first minutes of wearing due to a larger diameter, no direct contact with the cornea and relatively low mobility. Scleral lenses ensure high visual functions and comfort owing to their specific self-supporting design, which is rested on the sclera. Selection and fitting of scleral contact lenses is simple and can be mastered by any ophthalmologist
Salivary FRAP as A Marker of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Children
Authors: Maciejczyk Mateusz , Szulimowska Julita , Taranta-Janusz Katarzyna , Werbel Katarzyna , Wasilewska Anna , Zalewska Anna
Published: September 2019

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common modern-age diseases in children. Kidney failure does not reveal any symptoms for a long time; therefore, new biomarkers are sought, preferably those reflecting an early stage of CKD. The aim of our study was to evaluate total antioxidant potential as a biomarker differentiating the degree of CKD advancement. The study included 30 children with CKD and a control group matched by age and gender. Non-stimulated saliva (NWS), stimulated saliva (SWS), plasma and urine were used as study material. Total antioxidant potential was determined spectrophotometrically using the FRAP method (ferric ion reducing antioxidant parameter) by measuring total FRAP and uric acid (UA)-independent FRAP (FRAP-UA). We demonstrated that total FRAP, FRAP-UA and UA were significantly higher in stimulated saliva, as well as urine of CKD patients compared to the controls. These biomarkers increase with the progression of chronic kidney disease and their concentration in SWS reflects their content in urine. Interestingly, salivary FRAP and uric acid clearly differentiate between various stages of CKD as well as between healthy and ill children. Special attention should be paid to total FRAP which—measured in SWS—distinguishes patients with mildly to moderately decreased kidney function from those with severe renal impairment (AUC = 1, sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 100%). Although salivary FRAP may be a potential CKD biomarker in children, further studies are needed in a larger group of patients.