bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advances in Cancer Nanovaccines: Harnessing Nanotechnology for Broadening Cancer Immune Response
Authors: Wang Qian‐Ting , Liu Yi‐Xuan , Wang Jie , Wang Hao
Published: April 2023

Many advances have been made recently in the field of cancer immunotherapy, particularly with the development of treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cellular immunotherapy. The efficacy of immunotherapy is limited, however, owing to high levels of tumor heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive environments of advanced malignant tumors. Therefore, therapeutic anticancer vaccines have gradually become powerful tools for inducing valid antitumor immune responses and regulating the immune microenvironment. Tumor vaccines loaded in nanocarriers have become an indispensable delivery platform for tumor treatment because of their enhanced stability, targeting capability, and high level of safety. Through a unique design, cancer nanovaccines activate innate immunity and tumor‐specific immunity simultaneously. For example, the design of cancer vaccines can incorporate strategies such as enhancing the stability and targeting of tumor antigens, combining effective adjuvants, cytokines, and immune microenvironment regulators, and promoting the maturation and cross‐presentation of antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). In this review, we discuss the design and preparation of nanovaccines for remodeling tumor antigen immunogenicity and regulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Selectfluor‐Mediated Chlorination and Fluorination of Arenes: Late‐Stage Functionalization of APIs and Its Biological Effects
Authors: Gradl Susanne , Zantop Viviane , Gmeiner Peter , Hübner Harald , Heinrich Markus R.
Published: April 2023

By using active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) previously recovered from expired drugs, it is shown that Selectfluor can act as a reagent for operationally simple late‐stage fluorination and chlorination of electron‐rich arenes under mild reaction conditions. As shown in mechanistic experiments, aromatic fluorination thereby competes with chlorine‐for‐fluorine exchange on Selectfluor and subsequent aromatic chlorination, whereat the chloride ions may either be provided by the hydrochloride salt of the respective API or by triethylammonium chloride. Biological testing of the fluorinated or chlorinated APIs at adrenergic, dopaminergic, muscarinergic, opioid or serotoninergic receptors demonstrated that improved binding affinities can be achieved via this straightforward strategy.
Automatically balancing relocatable distributed collections
Authors: Finnerty Patrick , Kamada Tomio , Ohta Chikara
Published: April 2023

In previous work, we introduced a distributed collections library for the APGAS for Java programming model. This library makes it possible for programmers to develop complex distributed programs thanks to the many abstractions and computation patterns supported. In particular, programmers can fully and dynamically change the distribution of data entries through high‐level abstractions. However, the problem of balancing the load between processes remains, especially in cases where multiple processes may be concurrently executing on a single host, or when the performance of the hosts used differs. To address this issue and to relieve the burden of programming a load balancing strategy for a specific application, we created a dynamic load balancer integrated into our library. This load balancer operates within a specific context in a manner which does not interfere with the program legibility. Internally, we implement a scheme inspired by the lifeline‐based global load balancer scheme first introduced in 10. We evaluate the performance of our integrated load balancer on a small‐scale Beowulf cluster.
Stress‐associated symptoms and disorders: A transdiagnostic comparison
Authors: Eberle David J. , Maercker Andreas
Published: April 2023

The ICD‐11 features a new group of disorders specifically associated with stress, which are interlinked by various symptoms, such as intrusive memory symptoms. Although research interest in these new ICD‐11 diagnoses is growing rapidly, so far, no studies have systematically investigated the transdiagnostic distribution of stress‐associated symptoms in these disorders. In the present study, 447 individuals completed a series of online questionnaires, which measured various stress‐associated symptoms, e.g., flashbacks, preoccupation or yearning. Findings showed that the majority of correlations between the measured psychopathological constructs was between 0.30 and 0.60. Furthermore, with regard to specific diagnostic groups, a complex variation of stress‐associated symptoms was observed, with preoccupation as a predominant symptom in all disorders. Results demonstrate that stress‐associated symptoms are inherently interconnected yet possess an individual variation in different disorders. Furthermore, findings illustrate that preoccupation represents a major feature in all stress‐associated disorders.
The Robogut: A Bioreactor Model of the Human Colon for Evaluation of Gut Microbial Community Ecology and Function
Authors: Gianetto‐Hill Connor M. , Vancuren Sarah J. , Daisley Brendan , Renwick Simone , Wilde Jacob , Schroeter Kathleen , Daigneault Michelle C. , Allen‐Vercoe Emma
Published: April 2023

The human colon is inhabited by a complex community of microbes. These microbes are integral to host health and physiology. Understanding how and when the microbiome causally influences host health will require microbiome models that can be tightly controlled and manipulated. While in vivo models are unrivalled in their ability to study host‐microbial interplay, in vitro models are gaining in popularity as methods to study the ecology and function of the gut microbiota, and benefit from tight controllability and reproducibility, as well as reduced ethical constraints. In this set of protocols, we describe the Robogut, a single‐stage bioreactor system designed to replicate the conditions of the distal human colon, to culture whole microbial communities derived from stool and/or colonic biopsy samples, with consideration of methods to create culture medium formulations and to build, run, and sample the bioreactor apparatus. Cleaning and maintenance of the bioreactor system are also described. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol 1: Growth medium preparation

Support Protocol 1: Preparing medium supplements

Basic Protocol 2: Preparing the bioreactor vessels

Support Protocol 2: Making acid and base bottles

Support Protocol 3: Preparing the effluent bottles

Support Protocol 4: Making acid solution

Support Protocol 5: Making base solution

Basic Protocol 3: Preparing inoculum and inoculating bioreactors

Alternate Protocol 1: Preparing inoculum less than 0.5% (w/v) of vessel volume

Alternate Protocol 2: Preparing synthetic community aliquots and inoculation via the septum

Alternate Protocol 3: Preparing inoculum from a tissue sample

Basic Protocol 4: Sampling the bioreactor vessel

Basic Protocol 5: Harvesting bioreactor vessel contents at end of experiment

Support Protocol 6: Cleaning and sterilizing sampling needles

Basic Protocol 6: Cleaning the bioreactor vessel

Support Protocol 7: Cleaning bioreactor support bottles
Mowing accelerates phosphorus cycling without depleting soil phosphorus pool
Authors: Zhai Xiufeng , Lu Peng , Zhang Ruifang , Bai Wenming , Zhang Wen‐Hao , Chen Ji , Tian Qiuying
Published: April 2023

Mowing, as a common grassland utilization strategy, affects nutrient status in soil by plant biomass removal. Phosphorus (P) cycle plays an important role in determining grassland productivity. However, few studies have addressed the impacts of mowing on P cycling in grassland ecosystems. Here, we investigated the effects of various mowing regimes on soil P fractions and P accumulation in plants and litters. We specifically explored the mechanisms by which mowing regulates ecosystem P cycling by linking aboveground community with soil properties. Our results showed that mowing increased soil dissolvable P concentrations, which probably met the demand for P absorption and utilization by plants, thus contributing to an increased P accumulation by plants. Mowing promoted grassland P cycling by a reciprocal relationship between plants and microbes. Short‐term mowing enhanced P cycling mainly through increased root exudation‐evoked the extracellular enzyme activity of microbes rather than the alternations in microbial biomass and community composition. Long‐term mowing increased P cycling mainly by promoting carbon allocation to roots, thereby leading to greater microbial metabolic activity. Although mowing‐stimulation of organic P mineralization lasted for 15 consecutive years, mowing did not result in soil P depletion. These results demonstrate that P removal by mowing will not necessarily lead to soil P limitation. Our findings would advance the knowledge on soil P dynamic under mowing and contribute to resource‐efficient grassland management.
Safety, usability, and performance of a wireless left atrial pressure monitoring system in patients with heart failure: the VECTOR‐HF trial
Authors: D'Amario Domenico , Meerkin David , Restivo Attilio , Ince Hüseyin , Sievert Horst , Wiese Andrea , Schaefer Ulrich , Trani Carlo , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Leyva Francisco , Whinnett Zachary I. , Di Mario Carlo , Jonas Michael , Manhal Habib , Amat‐Santos Ignacio J. , Del Trigo Maria , Gal Tuvia Ben , Avraham Binyamin Ben , Hasin Tal , Feickert Sebastian , D'Ancona Giuseppe , Altisent Omar Abdul‐Jawad , Koren Oran , Caspi Oren , Abraham William T. , Crea Filippo , Anker Stefan D. , Kornowski Ran , Perl Leor ,   the VECTOR‐HF Trial Investigators
Published: April 2023

Aims

In heart failure (HF), implantable haemodynamic monitoring devices have been shown to optimize therapy, anticipating clinical decompensation and preventing hospitalization. Direct left‐sided haemodynamic sensors offer theoretical benefits beyond pulmonary artery pressure monitoring systems. We evaluated the safety, usability, and performance of a novel left atrial pressure (LAP) monitoring system in HF patients.

Methods and results

The VECTOR‐HF study (NCT03775161) was a first‐in‐human, prospective, multicentre, single‐arm, clinical trial enrolling 30 patients with HF. The device consisted of an interatrial positioned leadless sensor, able to transmit LAP data wirelessly. After 3 months, a right heart catheterization was performed to correlate mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) with simultaneous mean LAP obtained from the device. Remote LAP measurements were then used to guide patient management. The miniaturized device was successfully implanted in all 30 patients, without acute major adverse cardiac and neurological events (MACNE). At 3 months, freedom from short‐term MACNE was 97%. Agreement between sensor‐calculated LAP and PCWP was consistent, with a mean difference of −0.22 ± 4.92 mmHg, the correlation coefficient and the Lin's concordance correlation coefficient values were equal to 0.79 (p < 0.0001) and 0.776 (95% confidence interval 0.582–0.886), respectively. Preliminary experience with V‐LAP‐based HF management was associated with significant improvements in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class (32% of patients reached NYHA class II at 6 months, p < 0.005; 60% of patients at 12 months, p < 0.005) and 6‐min walk test distance (from 244.59 ± 119.59 m at baseline to 311.78 ± 129.88 m after 6 months, p < 0.05, and 343.95 ± 146.15 m after 12 months, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The V‐LAP™ monitoring system proved to be generally safe and provided a good correlation with invasive PCWP. Initial evidence also suggests possible improvement in HF clinical symptoms.
Cargo Encapsulation in Photochromic Supramolecular Hydrogels Depends on Specific Guest‐Gelator Supramolecular Interactions
Authors: Hoffmann Fabian , Leistner Anna‐Lena , Kirchner Susanne , Luy Burkhard , Muhle‐Goll Claudia , Pianowski Zbigniew
Published: April 2023

Photochromic supramolecular hydrogels are prospective materials for light‐triggered drug release and bionanotechnology. Here we present a structural analysis of peptide‐derived photochromic supramolecular hydrogels, which were physically loaded with a selection of biologically related compounds, using advanced techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance. The results enable detailed and correct understanding of the loading process and will allow for correct design of pharmacologically relevant systems for phototriggered drug delivery.
Kings of the North: Bridging Disciplines to Understand the Effects of Changing Climate on Chinook Salmon in the Arctic–Yukon–Kuskokwim Region
Authors: Feddern Megan L , Schoen Erik R , Shaftel Rebecca , Cunningham Curry J , Chythlook Craig , Connors Brendan M , Murdoch Alyssa D , Biela Vanessa R. , Woods Brooke
Published: April 2023

Understanding how species are responding to environmental change is a central challenge for stewards and managers of fish and wildlife who seek to maintain harvest opportunities for communities and Indigenous peoples. This is a particularly daunting but increasingly important task in remote, high-latitude regions where environmental conditions are changing rapidly and data collection is logistically difficult. The Arctic–Yukon–Kuskokwim (AYK) region encompasses the northern extent of the Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha range where populations are experiencing rapid rates of environmental change across both freshwater and marine habitats due to global climate change. Climate–salmon interactions in the AYK region are a particularly pressing issue as many local communities have a deep reliance on a subsistence way of life. Here, we synthesize perspectives shared at a recent workshop on Chinook Salmon declines in the AYK region. The objectives were to discuss current understandings of climate–Chinook Salmon interactions, develop a set of outstanding questions, review available data and its limitations in addressing these questions, and describe the perspectives expressed by participants in this workshop from diverse backgrounds. We conclude by suggesting pathways forward to integrate different types of information and build relationships among communities, academic partners, and fishery management agencies.
The Business of Medicine Fails Many American Patients
Authors: Dubler Nancy Neveloff
Published: April 2023

The People's Hospital: Hope and Peril in American Medicine, by Ricardo Nuila (Scribner, 2023), is a brilliant analysis of the reasons for the failure of our present health care system to meet the needs of patients. It is also a setting for the stories of patients whom Nuila encounters as a hospitalist at Ben Taub, a safety‐net hospital (in the shadow of the medical metropolis of Houston) that cares for all who arrive at its doors. The book is a masterful weaving of data on how money has corrupted the medical establishment and the effects on patients and those who love them.
Breast lesion classification using features fusion and selection of ensemble ResNet method
Authors: Kılıçarslan Gülhan , Koç Canan , Özyurt Fatih , Gül Yeliz
Published: April 2023

Medical Imaging with Deep Learning has recently become the most prominent topic in the scientific world. Significant results have been obtained in the classification of medical images using deep learning methods, and there has been an increase in studies on malignant types. The main reason for choosing breast cancer is that breast cancer is one of the critical malignant types that increase the death rate in women. In this study, 1236 ultrasound images were collected from Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, and three different ResNet CNN architectures were used for feature extraction. Data were trained with an SVM classifier. In addition, the three ResNet architectures were combined, and novel fused ResNet architecture was used in this study. In addition, these features were used with three different feature selection techniques, MR‐MR, NCA, and Relieff. These results are 89.3% obtained from ALL‐ResNet architecture and the feature selected with NCA in normal and lesion classification. Normal, malignant, and benign classification best accuracy is 84.9% with ALL‐ResNet NCA. Experimental studies show that MR‐MR, NCA, and Relieff feature selection algorithms reduce features and give more results that are successful. This indicates that the proposed method is more successful than classical deep learning methods.
Cybervictimization and nonsuicidal self‐injury: The mediating role of depressive symptoms and the moderating role of emotional reactivity
Authors: Li Yongjian , Lin Shuang , Han Yingchun , Sheng Jing , Wang Li , Yang Xueling , Chen Jun
Published: April 2023

Background

Nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) has garnered growing attention in recent years, and cybervictimization (CV) has been identified as a risk factor for NSSI among adolescents. However, little is known about this association's longitudinal mediating and moderating mechanisms. Guided by the experiential avoidance model, the present study used a short longitudinal design to examine the mediating role of depressive symptoms and the moderating role of emotional reactivity between CV and NSSI.

Methods

A total of 577 Chinese middle school students (Mage = 14.38, SD = 0.67) completed the measures of CV, NSSI, depressive symptoms, and emotional reactivity. They provided data in two waves (T1 and T2, 6 months apart).

Results

The results found a longitudinal association between CV and NSSI as well as the mediating role of depressive symptoms. Moreover, emotional reactivity amplified the relationship between CV and NSSI via depressive symptoms; specifically, the relationship between depressive symptoms and NSSI was only significant for adolescents with high emotional reactivity.

Conclusion

The current study has found that emotional reactivity moderated the indirect effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between CV and NSSI. These findings have implications for the identification and intervention of NSSI in early adolescents.
L‐BAIBA Synergizes with Sub‐Optimal Mechanical Loading to Promote New Bone Formation
Authors: Prideaux Matt , Smargiassi Alberto , Peng Gang , Brotto Marco , Robling Alexander G , Bonewald Lynda F
Published: April 2023

The L‐enantiomer of β‐aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) is secreted by contracted muscle in mice, and exercise increases serum levels in humans. In mice, L‐BAIBA reduces bone loss with unloading, but whether it can have a positive effect with loading is unknown. Since synergism can be more easily observed with sub‐optimal amounts of factors/stimulation, we sought to determine whether L‐BAIBA could potentiate the effects of sub‐optimal loading to enhance bone formation. L‐BAIBA was provided in drinking water to C57Bl/6 male mice subjected to either 7 N or 8.25 N of sub‐optimal unilateral tibial loading for 2 weeks. The combination of 8.25 N and L‐BAIBA significantly increased the periosteal mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate compared to loading alone or BAIBA alone. Though L‐BAIBA alone had no effect on bone formation, grip strength was increased, suggesting a positive effect on muscle function. Gene expression analysis of the osteocyte‐enriched bone showed that the combination of L‐BAIBA and 8.25 N induced the expression of loading‐responsive genes such as Wnt1, Wnt10b, and the TGFb and BMP signaling pathways. One dramatic change was the downregulation of histone genes in response to sub‐optimal loading and/or L‐BAIBA. To determine early gene expression, the osteocyte fraction was harvested within 24 hours of loading. A dramatic effect was observed with L‐BAIBA and 8.25 N loading as genes were enriched for pathways regulating the extracellular matrix (Chad, Acan, Col9a2), ion channel activity (Scn4b, Scn7a, Cacna1i), and lipid metabolism (Plin1, Plin4, Cidec). Few changes in gene expression were observed with sub‐optimal loading or L‐BAIBA alone after 24 hours. These results suggest that these signaling pathways are responsible for the synergistic effects between L‐BAIBA and sub‐optimal loading. Showing that a small muscle factor can enhance the effects of sub‐optimal loading of bone may be of relevance for individuals unable to benefit from optimal exercise. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Comparability of Osteoporosis Treatment Groups Among Female Medicare Beneficiaries in the United States
Authors: Kim Min , Lin Tzu-Chieh , Arora Tarun , Zhao Hong , Balasubramanian Akhila , Stad Robert Kees , O'Kelly James , Spangler Leslie , Bradbury Brian D. , Curtis Jeffrey R.
Published: April 2023

It is often difficult to obtain valid estimates of comparative treatment effectiveness and safety owing to differences across patient populations taking different medications in the real world. One approach for assessing comparability between treatment groups in effectiveness studies is to use negative control outcomes (NCOs). NCOs share similar sources of bias with the primary outcomes but have no plausible causal relationship to the treatment of interest. Observing differences in the risk of NCOs thus provides evidence for residual confounding between groups. This retrospective study assessed the comparability of postmenopausal women, treated with osteoporosis medications with various mechanisms of action such as denosumab (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand [RANKL] inhibitor), zoledronic acid (bisphosphonate derivative), or oral bisphosphonates including alendronate. Administrative claims data were extracted from the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Chronic Condition Warehouse database (May 2010–December 2016). Propensity scores were used to match denosumab patients 1:1 to comparators. Four nonfracture NCOs and three early fracture NCOs (before substantial biologic effects of treatment would be expected) were assessed over 1-year and 3-month follow-up periods, respectively. According to comparability decision rules established a priori, patients initiating denosumab were comparable to those initiating zoledronic acid or alendronate, irrespective of prior osteoporosis treatment experience. Among new users, new switchers, and in the historical fracture subgroup, no meaningful differences were observed in the cumulative incidence of the seven NCOs comparing denosumab to zoledronic acid. This empirical examination can assist in the selection of appropriate comparator groups for future comparability research using real-world data. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Insights into the solubility of γD‐crystallin from multiscale atomistic simulations
Authors: Freites J. Alfredo , Louis Mohab N. , Tobias Douglas J.
Published: April 2023

The molecular basis underlying the rich phase behavior of globular proteins remains poorly understood. We use atomistic multiscale molecular simulations to model the solution‐state conformational dynamics and interprotein interactions of D‐crystallin and its P23T‐R36S mutant, which drastically limits the protein solubility, at both infinite dilution and at a concentration where the mutant fluid phase and crystalline phase coexist. We find that while the mutant conserves the protein fold, changes to the surface exposure of residues in the neighborhood of residue‐36 enhance protein–protein interactions and develop specific protein–protein contacts found in the protein crystal lattice.
A theoretical investigation of the lead‐free double perovskites halides Rb2XCl6 (X = Se, Ti) for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications
Authors: Al‐Qaisi Samah , Mebed Abdelazim M. , Mushtaq Muhammad , Rai D. P. , Alrebdi Tahani A. , Sheikh Rais Ahmad , Rached Habib , Ahmed R. , Faizan Muhammad , Bouzgarrou S. , Javed Muhammad Anjum
Published: April 2023

In this study, structural, electronic, optical, thermoelectric, and thermodynamics properties of vacancy‐ordered double perovskites Rb2XCl6 (X = Se, Ti) were explored theoretically. The results revealed that Rb2SeCl6 and Rb2TiCl6 are indirect band gap (Eg) semiconductors with Eg values of 2.95 eV, and 2.84 eV respectively. The calculated properties (phonons, elastic constant, Poisson's ratio, and Pugh's ratio) revealed that both materials are dynamically and chemically stable and can exhibit brittle (Rb2SeCl6) and ductile (Rb2TiCl6) nature. From the analysis of optical parameters, it was noticed that the refractive index of the materials has a value of 1.5–2.0 where light absorption was found from the visible to the ultraviolet region. The thermoelectric properties determined by using the BoltzTrap code demonstrated that at room temperature, the Figure of merit (ZT) was found to be 0.74 and 0.76 for Rb2SeCl6 and Rb2TiCl6, respectively. Despite a moderate value of ZT in such materials, further studies might explore effective methods for tuning the electronic band gap and improving the thermoelectric response of the material for practical energy production applications.
Magnetic recyclable CuFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite for the degradation of tetracycline under sunlight irradiation
Authors: Aruljothi Chandrsekaran , Balaji Parasuraman , Vaishnavi Ellappan , Pazhanivel Thangavelu , Vasuki Thandavan
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

During the past several decades, photocatalytic activity by ferrite nanomaterials has been widely interested in environmental remediation. Magnetically recyclable CuFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite with different graphene oxide contents was prepared by hydrothermal method, and the photodegradation performance of this nanocomposite was studied under sunlight irradiation.

RESULTS

The magnetic property of the nanocomposite showed a high magnetic saturation with super‐paramagnetic nature, leading to an additional use for catalysts aside from pollutant suspension and recyclable. The experimental results showed that the CuFe2O4/rGO (10 wt.%) nanocomposite had the best photocatalytic activity in tetracycline (TC) degradation, and its photocatalytic degradation rate was 1.55 and 1.85 times higher than those of CuFe2O4/rGO15 and CuFe2O4/rGO20 under sunlight irradiation in 160 min.

CONCLUSIONS

This considerable enhancement in performance was mainly due to the formation of the CuFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite, which promoted effective charge carrier separation and delayed the recombination process. The possible photodegradation mechanism of the nanocomposite was revealed based on the energy levels and active radical scavenger experiments. The superoxide radical was the main reaction species, thus confirming the TC degradation mechanism. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of CuFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite has attracted attention for its use as a potential candidate for the degradation of organic pollutants.
Two disjoint cycles in digraphs
Authors: Lewandowski Mikołaj , Polcyn Joanna , Reiher Christian
Published: April 2023

Bermond and Thomassen conjectured that every digraph with minimum outdegree at least contains vertex disjoint cycles. So far the conjecture was verified for . Here we generalise the question asking for all outdegree sequences which force vertex disjoint cycles and give the full answer for .
The Market Basket Case Revisited: Community Empowerment through Leaderful Organizational Culture
Authors: Egitim Soyhan
Published: April 2023

Market Basket started as a local grocery store in Lowell, Massachusetts in 1917, and rapidly expanded into a large supermarket chain by following a business model driven by community empowerment. However, success did not come easy. A sudden change in leadership and the resulting top‐down organizational culture pushed the store chain into unprecedented chaos with boycotts and supply chain disruptions. The collective force generated by employees, customers, and business partners left the shareholders with no choice but to reinstate the ousted CEO with full authority. But how did the leadership cultivate trust, loyalty, and commitment in all stakeholders, which resulted in undefeatable resilience against the intended top‐down approach? The current paper answers this question by analyzing the collective organizational culture built through collaborative leadership and the ensuing leaderful response of all stakeholders to adversity.
Black AF: An autoethnography of how six ethnically diverse counselor educators used community as a tool of decolonizing the academy
Authors: Ferguson Alfonso L. , White Ebony , Walo‐Roberts Sailume , Martinez Triana , Crawford Candice , Nadrich Tyce
Published: April 2023

In this autoethnographic heuristic inquiry, six ethnically diverse Black counselor educators examined their experiences and identities in historically white spaces, including clinical settings and academia. Findings included three themes: Black community as anchor, navigating the weight of oppression, and Black is not monolithic. Implications for the counseling profession are discussed.
Effects of endophytic Bacillus spp. on accumulation and distribution of iron in the shoots of lowland rice grown under iron toxic conditions
Authors: Weinand Tanja , Asch Julia , Asch Folkard
Published: April 2023

Background

The tolerance of plants against abiotic stresses can be greatly influenced by their interaction with microbes. In lowland rice (Oryza sativa) production, the iron toxicity of the soils constitutes a major constraint. Although there are tolerant cultivars, the mechanisms underlying the tolerance against excess iron are not fully understood. Even less is known about the role of microbes in the response to iron toxicity.

Aim

In the study presented here, the effects of different Bacillus isolates on the accumulation and distribution of iron within the shoots of different rice cultivars grown under iron toxicity were analyzed.

Methods

Three lowland rice cultivars with contrasting tolerance to iron toxicity (IR31785‐58‐1‐2‐3‐3, Sahel 108, Suakoko 8) were inoculated with three Bacillus isolates (two B. pumilus and one B. megaterium) and, after 1 week, exposed to excess iron (1,000 ppm) for 8 days. Tolerance was evaluated by leaf symptom scoring.

Results

Bacterial inoculation mitigated leaf symptoms in the sensitive cultivar IR31785‐58‐1‐2‐3‐3 despite no significant differences in shoot iron concentration between inoculated and noninoculated plants. In the tolerant excluder cultivar, Suakoko 8, leaf symptoms were exacerbated when inoculated with B. pumilus Ni9MO12. While the total shoot Fe concentration was not affected in this bacteria × cultivar combination, the distribution of iron within the shoot was clearly disturbed. Tolerance to iron toxicity of the tolerant includer cultivar, Sahel 108, was not affected by Bacillus inoculation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our results show that Bacillus inoculation can affect the tolerance of lowland rice to iron toxicity and that the effects strongly depend on the bacteria × cultivar combination.
Pharmacokinetic study and the extraction efficiency of bulk and precipitated ibuprofen‐imprinted polymer sorbents for gas chromatography and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry ibuprofen bio‐analysis
Authors: Ebrahimi Bahram , Mozaffari Samaneh , Mohammadiazar Sirwan
Published: April 2023

Bulk and precipitation polymerization methods were used to prepare ibuprofen‐molecularly imprinted polymers. Molecularly imprinted polymer‐bulk and ‐precipitation were synthesized in acetonitrile, likewise molecularly imprinted polymer‐bulk (mixture) and molecularly imprinted polymer‐precipitation (mixture) in a mixture of acetonitrile/toluene (75:25 v/v). N2 adsorption‐desorption analysis data revealed that molecularly imprinted polymer‐precipitation (mixture) has the highest specific surface area (200.74 m2/g). The surface chemistry and morphology of the synthesized sorbents were investigated by Fourier‐transform infrared analysis and scanning electron microscope micrographs respectively. The prepared sorbents in the mixture of solvents were used in a dispersive solid‐phase extraction process for selective extraction and pre‐concentration of ibuprofen from urine and human plasma samples. The detection limits were 62.91 and 7.89 ng/ml using molecularly imprinted polymer‐bulk (mixture) and molecularly imprinted polymer‐precipitation (mixture), respectively. Also, the sorbents showed selective behavior to extract ibuprofen in the presence of naproxen, fenoprofen, and ketoprofen. Overall, the results showed that the precipitation method in the mixture of acetonitrile/toluene resulted in the preparation of a sorbent with the highest extraction efficiency. Furthermore, a pharmacokinetic study was done. The maximum plasma concentration, the time required for maximum plasma concentration, and plasma half‐life were 28.95 μg/ml, 2, and 2.39 h, respectively.
The interactive effect of reclamation scenario and vegetation types on physical parameters of soils developed on carboniferous mine spoil heap
Authors: Misebo Amisalu Milkias , Szostak Marta , Sierka Edyta , Pietrzykowski Marcin , Woś Bartłomiej
Published: April 2023

Bulk density, porosity, and water retention capacity play a key role in limiting root growth and nutrient uptake in developed technogenic soils. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of reclamation technologies and different vegetation types on vital physical soil properties formed from carboniferous materials. The case study was conducted on Sośnica hard coal post‐mine spoil heaps (Upper Silesian Coal Basin of Southern Poland). Nine experimental combinations of reclamation technologies and vegetation types were tested. For vegetation types and basic physical soil parameters, 120 plots (10 × 10 m) were selected. The texture analysis was done on composite soil samples collected at two uppermost soil depths (0–10 and 10–20 cm). Intact structure samples were collected into 100cm3 cylinders from the middle of each plot at both depths for bulk density (BD), porosity, capillary water capacity (CWC), and soil water storage (SWS). In the comparison of different reclamation scenarios, we noted that topsoiling increased BD, whereas CWC and porosity decreased. Spontaneous succession had the same effect on BD, porosity, and CWC as cultivation. Revegetation of the spoil heap with grasses and forbs resulted in lower BD and higher porosity and CWC in the top layer (0–10 cm), whereas woodland resulted in lower BD and higher porosity and CWC at lower depths (10–20 cm). The decreasing order of the SWS was grassland > forbland > woodland. Thus, forbs and grasses should be followed by tree planting, which is crucial to improving the hostile physical properties of the Carboniferous postmine soils.
Development and validation of medical adhesive‐related skin injury risk assessment scale at peripherally inserted central catheter insertion site in oncology patients
Authors: Li Yuling , Zhang Huijiao , Zhang Shuqing , Hou Xiaoya , Feng Lina
Published: April 2023

Aims and objectives

To construct a risk assessment scale for medical adhesive‐related skin injuries (MARSI) at the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion site in oncology patients and test its reliability and validity.

Design

The STARD 2015 statement guided this study.

Methods

Literature research and a modified Delphi method were adopted in this study. A total of 31 experts participated in two rounds of consultation to build the assessment scale. A convenient sampling method was used to select 195 oncology patients at the PICC clinic from January to June 2022. Inter‐rater reliability was used to test the reliability of the scale. Validity was evaluated using the content validity index (CVI) and predictive validity.

Results

After the two rounds of consultation, the assessment scale with five dimensions and 13 primary entries and 36 secondary entries was developed, and the expert authority coefficients for both were 0.90. The inter‐rater reliability was 0.968. The CVIs of the items ranged from 0.83 to 1.00. The area under the subject's work characteristic curve was 0.757, and the sensitivity and specificity of the scale were 80.0% and 65.6%, respectively, at a cutoff score of 15.5.
Structure of analytical and symbolic computational approach of multiple solitary wave solutions for nonlinear Zakharov‐Kuznetsov modified equal width equation
Authors: Iqbal Mujahid , Seadawy Aly R. , Lu Dianchen , Zhang Zhengdi
Published: April 2023

The nonlinear two dimensional Zakharov‐Kuznetsov modified equal width equation investigated under the observation of extended modified rational expansion method and determined the multiple solitary wave solutions. The interested and important things in this work is the multiple solitary wave solutions which have various kinds of physical structure including anti‐kink soliton, travelling wave solutions, bright soliton, kink soliton, dark soliton, kink bright and dark solitons, anti‐kink bright and dark solitons. In our knowledge investigated various kinds of solitary solutions found first time under one method in the existing literatures. The constructed multiple solutions for nonlinear ZK‐MEW equation will play keen role in the investigation of different physical structure in nonlinear sciences. The investigated work prove that applied method is very efficient, reliable, and powerful.
Analysis of ducted fan warpage based on the response surface methodology and a genetic algorithm
Authors: Liu Liang , Lyu Qiongying , Cao Cong
Published: April 2023

Ducted fans with thin‐shelled tubular structures are typically used in unmanned aerial vehicles. However, due to their thinness and heterogeneity, the ducts are prone to warpage deformation, which can adversely affect the aerodynamic characteristics of the fans. In this study, Moldflow software was used to analyze and reduce the warpage deformation of a duct made of 15 wt% glass fiber‐reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. First, a Taguchi experiment was performed to determine the main factors affecting the warpage: the mold surface temperature, melt temperature, injection pressure, and holding pressure. Subsequently, the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to define a regression equation and response surface relating the dependent and independent variables, and a genetic algorithm (GA) was used for optimization. The maximum warpage was successfully reduced from 0.2217 to 0.0465 and 0.0578 mm through the RSM and GA analyzes, respectively, and the simulated results were validated by data collected using a COMET L3D system. Finally, the influence of the warpage of the ducted rear deflector on the aerodynamic performance was investigated by performing computational fluid dynamics analysis. The results indicated that curving the rear deflector has a beneficial effect on aerodynamic performance, as it increases velocity, but it also reduces the impact of the torque balance. This paper describes an innovative application method using a specific combination of analysis tools to address the problem of optimizing the design, modeling, and performance of ducted fans. This work can help predict manufacturing results and aerodynamic effectiveness at an early stage.
Improved electrical actuation and dielectric strength of rubber composites with polydopamine noncovalent and silane covalent modification of carbon nanotube
Authors: Lu Huiwan , Yang Dan
Published: April 2023

A dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) is regarded as an intelligent actuator that can reproduce the performance of human muscle. A core–shell structured dielectric filler is synthesized by modifying carbon nanotube (CNT) with polydopamine (PDA) noncovalently and 3‐mercaptopropyl ethyoxyldi (tridecyl‐pentaethoxy) silane (Si747) covalently, designated as PDA‐Si747@CNT. Then, the filler is incorporated into an epoxy natural rubber (ENR) matrix to yield dielectric elastomer composites, denoted as PDA‐Si747@CNT/ENR. The PDA and Si747 modifications improve not only the filler dispersion but also the dielectric strength of the ENR composites. More importantly, Si747 is involved in vulcanization and provides chemical bonds between CNT and ENR chains. The maximum actuated strain of the PDA‐Si747@CNT/ENR composites increases to 17.9% at 55.5 kV mm−1, which is 152% higher than that of CNT/ENR composites (7.1% at 30 kV mm−1). Furthermore, the ENR composite‐based DEA demonstrates excellent stability and reliability, which is advantageous for practical applications. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Genome‐wide association analysis of hyperspectral reflectance data to dissect the genetic architecture of growth‐related traits in maize under plant growth‐promoting bacteria inoculation
Authors: Massahiro Yassue Rafael , Galli Giovanni , James Chen Chun‐Peng , Fritsche‐Neto Roberto , Morota Gota
Published: April 2023

Plant growth‐promoting bacteria (PGPB) may be of use for increasing crop yield and plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stressors. Using hyperspectral reflectance data to assess growth‐related traits may shed light on the underlying genetics as such data can help assess biochemical and physiological traits. This study aimed to integrate hyperspectral reflectance data with genome‐wide association analyses to examine maize growth‐related traits under PGPB inoculation. A total of 360 inbred maize lines with 13,826 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated with and without PGPB inoculation; 150 hyperspectral wavelength reflectances at 386–1021 nm and 131 hyperspectral indices were used in the analysis. Plant height, stalk diameter, and shoot dry mass were measured manually. Overall, hyperspectral signatures produced similar or higher genomic heritability estimates than those of manually measured phenotypes, and they were genetically correlated with manually measured phenotypes. Furthermore, several hyperspectral reflectance values and spectral indices were identified by genome‐wide association analysis as potential markers for growth‐related traits under PGPB inoculation. Eight SNPs were detected, which were commonly associated with manually measured and hyperspectral phenotypes. Different genomic regions were found for plant growth and hyperspectral phenotypes between with and without PGPB inoculation. Moreover, the hyperspectral phenotypes were associated with genes previously reported as candidates for nitrogen uptake efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stressors, and kernel size. In addition, a Shiny web application was developed to explore multiphenotype genome‐wide association results interactively. Taken together, our results demonstrate the usefulness of hyperspectral‐based phenotyping for studying maize growth‐related traits in response to PGPB inoculation.
Perceptions toward issues in cancer care for people with mental illness among psychiatric care providers: A questionnaire study
Authors: Yamada Yuto , Fujiwara Masaki , Etoh Tsuyoshi , Wada Riho , Inoue Shinichiro , Mimaki Yoshiko , Kodama Masafumi , Yoshimura Yusaku , Horii Shigeo , Matsushita Takanori , Fujimori Maiko , Shimazu Taichi , Nakaya Naoki , Hinotsu Shiro , Tabata Masahiro , Tamura Kenji , Uchitomi Yosuke , Yamada Norihito , Nagoshi Kiwamu , Inagaki Masatoshi
Published: April 2023

Objectives

To reduce cancer care disparities in people with mental illness, this study aimed to quantify psychiatric care providers' perceptions regarding issues that are insufficiently addressed or difficult to address.

Methods

Psychiatric care providers at 23 psychiatric hospitals in Japan were surveyed using mail questionnaires. Respondents were asked to rate 15 items with four categories related to insufficiencies/difficulties in cancer care for patients with mental illness on a five‐point Likert scale. We analyzed the proportion of respondents who answered “insufficient/difficult” for each item.

Results

A total of 255 (76.3%) psychiatric care providers responded. For questions related to the skills and attitudes of psychiatric professionals, 48.3%–58.4% of respondents perceived that efforts for supporting cancer screening and treatment were insufficient. For the questions related to collaborations between cancer and psychiatric care providers, 75.3% of respondents perceived that inpatient visits between psychiatric and cancer hospitals were insufficient. For the questions related to in‐psychiatric‐hospital medical systems, 50.2%–87.2% of respondents perceived that support for screening, diagnosis/treatment, and palliative care for psychiatric inpatients were insufficient/difficult. 41.9%–57.4% of respondents perceived that social services in the community were insufficient.

Conclusions

This study clarified the level of insufficiency/difficulty perceived by psychiatric care providers regarding issues related to cancer care for people with mental illness. Psychiatric care providers are required to have knowledge and skills in cancer screening and treatment. To improve access to cancer prevention, treatment, and palliative care, it may be helpful to establish systems to promote coordination between cancer hospitals and psychiatric hospitals.
First reports of primary ciliary dyskinesia caused by a shared DNAH11 allele in Canadian Inuit
Authors: Hunter‐Schouela Julia , Geraghty Michael T. , Hegele Robert A. , Dyment David A. , St Pierre David , Richer Julie , Sheffield Holden , Zariwala Maimoona A. , Knowles Michael R. , Lehman Anna , Dell Sharon , Shapiro Adam J. , Kovesi Thomas A.
Published: April 2023

Background

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is typically an autosomal recessive disease characterized by recurrent infections of the lower respiratory tract, frequent and severe otitis media, chronic rhinosinusitis, neonatal respiratory distress, and organ laterality defects. While severe lower respiratory tract infections and bronchiectasis are common in Inuit, PCD has not been recognized in this population.

Methods

We report a case series of seven Inuit patients with PCD identified by genetic testing in three Canadian PCD centers.

Results

Patients ranged from 4 to 59 years of age (at time of last evaluation) and originated in the Qikiqtaaluk region (Baffin Island, n = 5), Nunavut, or Nunavik (northern Quebec, n = 2), Canada. They had typical features of PCD, including neonatal respiratory distress (five patients), situs inversus totalis (four patients), bronchiectasis (four patients), chronic atelectasis (six patients), and chronic otitis media (six patients). Most had chronic rhinitis. Genetic evaluation demonstrated that all had homozygous pathogenic variants in DNAH11 at NM_001277115.1:c.4095+2C>A.

Conclusions

The discovery of this homozygous DNAH11 variant in widely disparate parts of the Nunangat (Inuit homelands) suggests this is a founder mutation that may be widespread in Inuit. Thus, PCD may be an important cause of chronic lung, sinus, and middle ear disease in this population. Inuit with chronic lung disease, including bronchiectasis or laterality defects, should undergo genetic testing for PCD. Consideration of including PCD genetic analysis in routine newborn screening should be considered in Inuit regions.