bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between CD44+ cancer stem cell expression and histopathological types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yusuf Muhtarum , Indra Indriyadevi , Juniati Sri Herawati , Afriani Dewi Yussy
Published: November 2021

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) recurrency rate is still high despite patients receiving complete treatment. The response to treatment may vary depending on the type of histopathology and Epstein-Barr virus, however the mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies have found that there is a relationship between response to treatment and the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CD44+ cancer stem cells may cause cancer cells to be resistant to treatment. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to determine the correlation between CD44 + cancer stem cell expression and the histopathological types of NPC.

Method: Samples were obtained from NPC biopsies of type I, II, III patients (based on WHO histopathology criteria), who had not received prior treatment. CD44+ expression was examined using immunohistochemistry methods by staining CD44+ monoclonal antibodies. The degree of CD44+ cell membrane expression was based on the immunoreactive score scale or the Remmele index scale.

Results: Most histopathological types were WHO type III (21 patients, 50%), followed by type II (18 patients, 42.86%), and type I (3 patients, 7.14%). CD44 + expression on type I showed one patient had moderate positive and two patients had a high-positive expression. In type II, 10 were moderate positive and eight were high-positive. In type III, one patient was low-positive, 11 were moderate positive and nine patients were high-positive. Statistical analysis showed that the CD44+ expression difference between the three histopathology types were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: There were no correlations between CD44 + expression and histopathological type of NPC.
Case Report: Asymptomatic COVID-19 patient with a subtle hypercoagulable state and fluctuating D-dimer level
Authors: Caesario Jefferson , Hertanto Decsa M. , Hernugrahanto Kukuh D. , Utomo Dwikora N. , Budhiparama Nicolaas C. , Santoso Djoko , Hogendoorn Pancras C.W.
Published: November 2021

Background: COVID-19 can infect an asymptomatic person silently without any overt symptoms despite diffuse blood clots throughout the body. Clot formation is induced by COVID-19 associated coagulopathy that can cause a high mortality rate. D-dimer, a fairly decisive marker for the coagulopathy event, is physiologically a marker of the fibrinolysis process. The increase of D-dimers in COVID-19 cases must be followed up because it relates to the initiation of a cytokine storm.

Case presentation: We report an asymptomatic patient with sudden D-dimer elevation who received anticoagulant therapy. After three days of heparin administration, D-dimer results became normal and anticoagulant therapy was stopped. However, on the 12th day, the D-dimer level rebounded back and was followed by an increase of hs-C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IL-6, although SARS-CoV-2 PCR result became negative. A hyperglycaemic reaction and a sudden increase of HbA1C was observed in the patient. After three weeks D-dimer had returned to normal levels, and so did the other markers. The patient recovered fully and still no symptoms were obvious.

Conclusion: COVID-19 patients without symptoms may be at risk of an asymptomatic coagulopathy process. The decreasing level of D-dimer erroneously cannot ensure that the coagulopathy process stops.
Entomofauna capturada em pomar recém-implantado de pessegueiro e ameixeira no município de Buri, São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Novaes Nathalia Saldanha , Yamamoto Robson Ryu , Neves Marques Rodrigo
Published: November 2021

O cultivo de frutíferas de caroço está entre as atividades agrícolas de maior importância na fruticultura brasileira, com destaque para o pessegueiro [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] e a ameixeira (Prunus domestica L.). Insetos-pragas constituem uma grande ameaça para a fruticultura nacional e, para seu manejo eficiente e racional, é primordial o conhecimento quali-quantitivo de insetos potenciais pragas e inimigos naturais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar o levantamento e análise faunística de insetos ocorrentes em pomar de pessegueiro (P. persica vr. Kampai) e ameixeira (P. domestica vr. Reubennel) no município de Buri, São Paulo. Foram utilizados três tipos de armadilhas: caça-mosca, cartões adesivos amarelos e Moericke (com água e sabão). As coletas foram realizadas quinzenalmente de setembro de 2018 a março de 2019. Verificou-se grande diversidade e abundância de insetos na área estudada, sendo as famílias Aphidae, Formicidae, Chrysomelidae, Dolichopodidae, Muscidae, Otitidae as mais frequentes. A análise faunística realizada nesta pesquisa mostrou que houve incidência de potenciais pragas secundárias, membros das famílias Drosophilidae, Membracidae, Aphidae, Formicidae e Chrysomelidae. Também foi observada diversidade de inimigos naturais das famílias Spongiphoridae, Vespidae, Ichneumonidae e Coccinellidae. A adoção de medidas conservacionistas de inimigos naturais é fundamental para evitar surtos populacionais de potenciais pragas em áreas produtoras.
La Odisea homérica y la cueva como arquetipo de paisaje rural y primer hábitat mediterráneo.
Authors: Diaz Lopez Victor
Published: November 2021

The search for an answer to the question of when the landscape begins, brings us closer to a subject as complex as that of looking for traces of landscape in Homer’s genesic works. From a phenomenological analysis of literary texts, we are forced to draw on such heterogeneous sciences as psychology, painting or geography, to promote a transdisciplinary convergence that helps us in our search for landscape and housing archetypes from attentive and inquisitive readings of the Homeric hexameters and some of the possible objectifications of their places of indeterminacy. We focus on the Odyssey, Homer’s second masterpiece, recited and written at the end of the 8th century BC and considered the germ of Western literature. Such an epic narrative develops complex plots in settings belonging to known and differentiated territories known as “Hellas”. In short, Homeric stories necessarily take place in a “place”, be it real, imaginary or fictitious, of a physical space or vital territory- in which action and daily life will take place. The Poet, as aedo-educator, selects stereotypical natural or cultural spaces of the Mediterranean in order to show archetypes of nature, geography, the polis, and the Mediterranean landscape itself, as an educational and unifying program for the dispersed peoples of Hellas. And the objectifications of that Homeric world, carried out throughout history by different memory repositories, will be the basis for the creation of the West. Here we dare to identify the cave —located on mountainous limestone slopes and facing the sea— with the archetype of the first Mediterranean rural landscape and habitat.
Too Popular, Too Fast: Optimal Advertising and Entry Timing in Markets with Peer Influence
Authors: Fruchter Gila E. , Prasad Ashutosh , Van den Bulte Christophe
Published: November 2021

We study optimal advertising and entry timing decisions for a new product being sold in two-segment markets in which followers are positively influenced by elites, whereas elites are either unaffected or repulsed by product popularity among followers. Key decisions in such markets are not only how much to advertise in each segment over time but also when to enter the follower segment. We develop a continuous-time optimal control model to examine these issues. Analysis yields two sets of two-point boundary value problems where one set has an unknown boundary value condition that satisfies an algebraic equation. A fast solution methodology is proposed. Two main insights emerge. First, the optimal advertising strategy can be U-shaped, that is, decreasing at first to free-ride peer influence but increasing later on to thwart the repulsion influence of overpopularity causing disadoption. Second, in markets where cross-segment repulsion triggers disadoption, advertising is only moderately effective, and entry costs are high, managing both advertising and entry timing can result in significantly higher profits than managing only one of these levers. In markets without disadoption, with high advertising effectiveness or with low entry costs, in contrast, delaying entry may add little value if one already manages advertising optimally. This implies that purveyors of prestige or cool products need not deny followers access to their products in order to protect their profits, and can use advertising to speed up the democratization of consumption profitably.

This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
L'aula invertida i l'aprenentatge en equip: dues metodologies per estimular l'alumnat repetidor
Authors: Abío Gemma , Alcañiz Manuela , Gómez-Puig Marta , Rubert Glòria , Serrano Mònica , Stoyanova Alexandrina , Vilalta-Bufí Montserrat
Published: November 2021

Aquest article proposa l'ús de l'aula invertida i l'aprenentatge en equip per millorar les actituds d'aprenentatge de l'alumnat en els Grups d'Intensificació d'Estudis (GIE) a la Universitat de Barcelona. El GIE està dissenyat per a aquell alumnat que repeteix una assignatura en algun dels graus impartits a la Facultat d'Economia i Empresa de la Universitat de Barcelona. Hem implementat dues metodologies en tres GIE impartits per la secció de Teoria Econòmica del Departament d'Economia de la Universitat de Barcelona. Els resultats obtinguts en els anys acadèmics 2013-2014 i 2014-15 revelen millores significatives en el  rendiment dels estudiants que van seguir aquestes metodologies.
Un estudio innovador sobre acoso on-line en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Dobarro González Alejandra , Herrero Díez Francisco Javier , Álvarez García David , Bernardo Gutiérrez Ana Belén , Tuero Herrero Ellián
Published: November 2021

La universalización en el uso de dispositivos móviles de conexión a Internet y de redes sociales ha supuesto importantes cambios en la forma en que adolescentes y jóvenes se relacionan y en los espacios y contextos en que esa interacción se da. Dichos cambios conllevan la aparición de nuevas formas de acoso a través del uso de ordenadores, tablets y smartphones. Dadas las negativas consecuencias que el acoso on-line puede tener para el alumnado (incremento de dificultades académicas, sociales e internalizadas), resulta esencial tener datos precisos acerca de la prevalencia y características del mismo en los distintos entornos en los que los jóvenes y los adolescentes interaccionan. El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la prevalencia del cyberbullying en estudiantes universitarios a través de una metodología innovadora que permita obtener información relevante de un gran número de alumnos en poco tiempo, aprovechando así las posibilidades y universalización del uso de los smartphones.
Establir i mantenir normes i rutines a l'aula. Una proposta de treball pels Graus de mestre
Authors: Sidera Francesc , Serrats Laura
Published: November 2021

L’objectiu principal d’aquest treball és desenvolupar activitats i propostes per treballar la competència d’establir i mantenir normes i rutines a l’aula als estudis de mestre. Per assolir-ho, es va crear un grup de discussió amb 6 mestres d’educació infantil i primària, i posteriorment un grup de debat amb 19 mestres i professors universitaris, als quals se’ls hi va plantejar un seguit de preguntes. Aquestes pretenien principalment plantejar quins són els coneixements, comportaments i actituds que han d’adquirir els estudiants de magisteri per millorar la competència d’establir i mantenir normes i rutines a l’aula, així com de quina manera cal fer-ho. A partir de les propostes recollides, es varen elaborar quatre activitats que es dugueren a terme amb 35 estudiants de 1r curs dels estudis de mestre de la Universitat de Girona. Després de realitzar-les, els estudiants van omplir un qüestionari d’avaluació, i les seves respostes serviren per a extreure les conclusions i propostes per treballar a l’aula en els estudis de mestre.
Design of a compact off-axis four-mirror objective system for a thermal camera
Authors: Alvarado-Martínez J. J. , Granados-Agustín F. S. , Vázquez y Montiel S. , Vázquez-Villa A. , Cornejo-Rodríguez A. A.
Published: November 2021

The optical design of a compact off-axis four-mirror objective system (OFOS) of a thermal camera for a syndromic surveillance system that captures bioclinical signals, like temperature, directly related to the physical symptoms of the COVID-19 disease through thermal images is presented. The OFOS design works on wavelengths of 7.5–14 µm, with an

f

-number of 4, and a field of view (FOV) of

24

×

4

deg.
Terahertz-field-induced optical luminescence from graphene for imaging and near-field visualization of a terahertz field
Authors: Bodrov Sergey , Murzanev Aleksey , Korytin Aleksey , Stepanov Andrey
Published: November 2021

Graphene-based terahertz (THz)-field-induced optical luminescence (GB-TFIOL) is proposed in this Letter as a novel, to the best of our knowledge, THz imaging technique. We experimentally show that two-dimensional distribution of the optical luminescence from a monolayer graphene traces the beam profile of the pump THz radiation. The atomic thickness of a graphene detector, as well as a strong nonlinear dependence of optical luminescence on THz field, make the GB-TFIOL technique a useful tool for near-field mapping. A proof-of-principle experiment of the visualization of local THz-field enhancement near a metal tip with a 2 µm radius curvature was performed.
Multipoint dispersion spectroscopic gas sensing by optical FMCW interferometry
Authors: Lou Xiutao , Wang Yue , Dong Yongkang
Published: November 2021

We present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, multipoint gas-sensing method based on dispersion spectroscopy using optical frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) techniques. By taking advantage of the optical FMCW’s excellent multiplexing capability with high spatial resolution, the phase noise in the retrieved dispersion signal is efficiently suppressed. As a proof of concept, this method is experimentally demonstrated with three acetylene gas-sensing nodes, achieving a sensitivity of 30 ppm, a sensing spatial resolution of 30 cm, and a linear dynamic range of more than 3 orders of magnitude. Having advantages of high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, large dynamic range, and immunity to light power variation, the proposed method promotes a novel way for the development of long-distance multipoint spectroscopic gas sensors.
Detecting and describing stability and change in COVID-19 vaccine receptibility in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Authors: Hyland Philip , Vallières Frédérique , Hartman Todd K. , McKay Ryan , Butter Sarah , Bentall Richard P. , McBride Orla , Shevlin Mark , Bennett Kate , Mason Liam , Gibson-Miller Jilly , Levita Liat , Martinez Anton P. , Stocks Thomas V. A. , Karatzias Thanos , Murphy Jamie
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 continues to pose a threat to global public health. Multiple safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19 are available with one-third of the global population now vaccinated. Achieving a sufficient level of vaccine coverage to suppress COVID-19 requires, in part, sufficient acceptance among the public. However, relatively high rates of hesitance and resistance to COVID-19 vaccination persists, threating public health efforts to achieve vaccine-induced population protection. In this study, we examined longitudinal changes in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitance, and resistance in two nations (the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland) during the first nine months of the pandemic, and identified individual and psychological factors associated with consistent non-acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Using nationally representative, longitudinal data from the United Kingdom (UK; N = 2025) and Ireland (N = 1041), we found that (1) COVID-19 vaccine acceptance declined in the UK and remained unchanged in Ireland following the emergence of approved vaccines; (2) multiple subgroups existed reflecting people who were consistently willing to be vaccinated (‘Accepters’: 68% in the UK and 61% in Ireland), consistently unwilling to be vaccinated (‘Deniers’: 12% in the UK and 16% in Ireland), and who fluctuated over time (‘Moveable Middle’: 20% in the UK and 23% in Ireland); and (3) the ‘deniers’ and ‘moveable middle’ were distinguishable from the ‘accepters’ on a range of individual (e.g., younger, low income, living alone) and psychological (e.g., distrust of scientists and doctors, conspiracy mindedness) factors. The use of two high-income, Western European nations limits the generalizability of these findings. Nevertheless, understanding how receptibility to COVID-19 vaccination changes as the pandemic unfolds, and the factors that distinguish and characterise those that are hesitant and resistant to vaccination is helpful for public health efforts to achieve vaccine-induced population protection against COVID-19.
Seizure control status and associated factors among pediatric epileptic patients at a neurologic outpatient clinic in Ethiopia
Authors: Adal Habtamu Digis , Alemu Kassahun , Muche Esileman Abdela
Published: November 2021

Background

Childhood epilepsy is a major public health problem worldwide. Even though anti-seizure medications (ASM) have been demonstrated to control seizures, children with epilepsy continue to have frequent seizures. There is a scarcity of data on seizure control status among pediatric epileptic patients in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess seizure control status and associated factors among pediatric epileptic patients.

Methods

A hospital based cross-sectional study was done on 261 pediatric epileptic patients being followed up at the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from May 11 to August 11, 2019. The data were collected through caregiver interviews and patients’ medical records. All independent variables with p value of ≤ 0.2 in univariate analysis were taken to multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was computed to see the predictors of seizure control status. Level of statistical significance was declared ifp-value < 0.05.

Result

From a total of 261 patients, 159 (60.9%) were males and had a mean age was 10.16 ± 4.62 years. More than half (57.1%) of participants were urban dwellers. Almost all (98.5%) were diagnosed with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Majority (75.1%) of the patients were on mono-therapy. Forty-six (17.6%) of the patients reported adverse effects related to ASMs. Two hundred-three (77.8%) of the patients were adherent to their medications. Nearly half (49.0%) of the patients had controlled seizures. Urban residency (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.15–3.89; P = 0.016), adherence to medication (AOR: 3.92; 95% CI: 1.84–8.36; P < 0.001), use of combined ASM(AOR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.14–0.59; P = 0. 001), durations of ASM use [2–5 years (AOR: 5.81; 95% CI: 2.89–11.70; P <0.001) and >5years (AOR: 4.80; 95% CI: 1.91–12.09; P = 0.001)]were significantly associated with seizure control status.

Conclusion

Inadequate numbers of pediatric epileptic patients’ at the Ethiopian neurologic clinic achieved seizure control. Coming from a rural area, non-adherence to ASMs, use of multiple ASMs, and the use of ASMs for <2years were found to have a significant association with poorer seizure control, needing special attention to get control of seizure. Caregivers should closely monitor and address any barriers that contribute to ASM non-adherence and adverse drug events.
Measurement of gender as a social determinant of health in epidemiology—A scoping review
Authors: Miani Céline , Wandschneider Lisa , Niemann Jana , Batram-Zantvoort Stephanie , Razum Oliver
Published: November 2021

Background

The relevance of gender as a social determinant of health and its role in the production of health inequalities is now broadly acknowledged. However, the plethora of existing approaches to capture gender, which often stem from disciplines outside of epidemiology, makes it difficult to assess their practicality and relevance for a given research purpose. We conducted a scoping review to 1) map the evidence of how gender can be operationalised in quantitative epidemiology and 2) design a tool to critically evaluate the measures identified.

Methods

We identified peer-reviewed articles in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO). Eligible sources described the quantitative operationalisation of the social dimension of gender. With the help of a newly developed checklist, we assessed their relevance from an analytical perspective (e.g. intersectionality) and their potential for implementation in epidemiology.

Results

Gender measures principally assessed gender roles and norms, gender-based discrimination and violence, and structural gender (in)equality. Of the 344 measures included in this review, the majority lacked theoretical foundation, and tended to reinforce the binary understanding of gender through stereotypes of femininity and masculinity. Only few measures allowed for an intersectional approach and a multilevel understanding of gender mechanisms. From a practical point of view, gender measures demonstrated potential for use in varied populations and contexts.

Conclusions

A range of gender measures are readily available for epidemiological research, addressing different levels and dimensions of gender as a social construct. With our theory-informed, practice-driven scoping review, we highlighted strengths and limitations of such measures and provided analytical tools for researchers interested in conducting intersectional, gender-sensitive analyses.
Undergraduate creative arts students’ perceptions and attitudes toward disability: Advancing a critical disability studies informed curriculum
Authors: Pickard Beth
Published: November 2021

This study reports on the unanticipated findings of a small-scale, evaluative research project. Further to a pilot iteration, a cohort of undergraduate art students engaged with an immersive, inclusive arts curriculum informed by critical disability studies. Students’ perceptions and attitudes about disability were recorded at the outset and conclusion of the pedagogical project, through a qualitative questionnaire. Thematic analysis was employed to surface patterns in the cohort’s responses at both points in their learning journey. While the findings evidenced the anticipated shift from individualized perspectives about disability to an increasingly social, interactional perspective, the full extent of the medicalized gaze and internalized ableism at the outset of the study was unanticipated. This realization has been influential in developing the pedagogical approach and the framing of the content taught, and has exemplified both the potential and the need to learn about disability, disablement and diversity through art education.
Block teaching in art and design: Pedagogy and the student experience
Authors: Slevin Tom
Published: November 2021

This article contextualizes and evaluates the pedagogical efficacy of a ‘block’ curriculum structure at Level 4 of a UK art and design degree course. The year has a distinctive, unique structure compared to its HEI’s central model of three concurrent twenty-credit modules. The article considers the block approach unfolding from the contextual changes at national and institutional levels that provided complex, multiple shifts and challenges. This article evaluates block pedagogy through considering course data, students’ critical reflections of their experience and external examiner comments. The evidence suggests that block pedagogy supports students – of which a significantly higher proportion are from lower-privileged backgrounds – and their outcomes, whilst improving retention, progression and overall satisfaction rates.
A framework for managing conceptual design process
Authors: Eilouti Buthayna
Published: November 2021

Addressing the conceptual design stage as a significant part of design management, this article introduces a framework for concept generation and development in architectural design. Evolving throughout eleven years of experimentation, the framework is formulated as a graphical template to plot eight methods of concept generation, and multiple figurative and operative models for concept transformation and development. The framework is intended to be flexible and supportive of iterative cycling, while also offering an explicit, structured and systemized approach to broaden the solution scope and enhance creativity in the proposed alternatives. Developing language-based structures, the research addresses knowledge management in the initial stages of designing using interdisciplinary knowledge mapping. The research comprises a research-through-design methodology for framework development, and questionnaire surveys for its testing. The findings indicate that the framework helps designers initiate their designing process, guide them throughout the process, and generate a wide variety of creative concepts. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that the analogy-based method is the most common one in shaping the final design products. Despite its contribution, the framework was criticized for generating too many alternatives that consume time and make decisions more difficult to make.
Silent revelations in Trade Queen
Authors: Choi Sarah
Published: November 2021

Six years since its release, the main reveal of David Wagner’s Trade Queen is no longer socioculturally sensational given how drag culture has been integrated into mainstream media. The dialogue-less film, nonetheless, artfully delivers a nuanced story of identity, tension between one’s exterior and interior, between what happens in the compartmentalized nine-to-five and after-hours self-states. It raises the question of gender performativity through subtle looks and gestures – how Mr Schmidt and Mr Jonas navigate their complex relationship.
The beautiful and the damned: Depictions of Scottish childhoods in Small Deaths and Gasman
Authors: Milne Rachel
Published: November 2021

This article explores the function of poetic child realism in two of Lynne Ramsay’s short films, Small Deaths (1996) and Gasman (1998). Investigating the role of the orphaned child embedded in Scottish film culture, this article considers the ways in which the intersection of social and familial realities is portrayed through the subjective viewpoints of female children. Through an examination of the films’ aesthetic and narrative elements, alongside a discussion of the role of industrial iconography and spaces, I argue that Lynne Ramsay’s films deviate from and subvert a traditionally masculine and patriarchal representation of working-class Scottish life on-screen.
Music video (de)legitimacy and the construction of a (short form) auteur: David Fincher and talent management
Authors: Stubbs Andrew
Published: November 2021

This article explores David Fincher’s collaboration with Propaganda Films, an integrated production and talent management company, during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Focusing specifically on Fincher’s music video work, the article investigates how Propaganda’s talent management strategies helped to develop Fincher’s career and construct him as an auteur. To do so, the article adopts a cultural production approach conceptualizing the auteur as a branded identity and discourse mobilized in promotional and critical materials. In doing so, the article shows how Propaganda helped to single out Fincher’s videos as artistic works showcasing the exceptional talent of an aspiring feature-filmmaker. At the same time, however, the article considers how Propaganda’s talent management strategies contributed to sustaining problematic cultural notions surrounding music video and short-form work in general. As a result, the article advocates adopting new and more diverse approaches when examining short-form work and interrelated industry practice.
Los tormentos del purgatorio barroco español
Authors: Sanz Larroca Juan Cosme
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo busca fundamentalmente la sistematización de todas aquellas opiniones que sobre los tormentos padecidos por las almas del purgatorio vertieron los teólogos y moralistas españoles a lo largo del siglo XVII. Con este fin, hemos analizado con detalle las obras impresas más representativas de la época, halladas en la Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid. A partir de los conceptos de probidad y piedad dictados por Dios para la estancia de los provisionales habitantes del Tercer lugar, hemos considerado interesante realizar primero un pequeño bosquejo sobre el tratamiento de las penas purgatoriales desde sus primeras referencias históricas hasta el concilio de Trento. Descrita su evolución, entramos en el análisis que los autores españoles llevaron a cabo sobre el tema. Un primer elemento a tener en cuenta es la taxonomía de los castigos, de la que hemos hallado varias categorías, aun cuando la mayoritaria sea la que los divide en intrínsecos y extrínsecos al purgatorio, y dentro de estos, la que los diferencia entre penas de daño y de sentido. Hacia esta última se dirige igualmente nuestro estudio. Respecto a las penas de daño, analizamos por qué los tratadistas de la época consideraron su penosidad mayor que las de sentido. Y al considerar estas, reconocemos el singular protagonismo con el que cuenta el fuego, que deriva en multitud de matices estudiados, aunque haya cabida para otro tipo de penas. Para finalizar, y al margen de castigos concretos, representamos también un catálogo general de los mismos, contenido en las visiones presenciadas por algunas personas y personajes literarios.
Síndrome de Down: revisión sistemática sobre estudios efectuados en Chile
Authors: Gómez-Campo Rossana , Cossio-Bolaños Marco , Vidal-Espinoza Rubén , Sulla-Torres José , Urra-Albornoz Camilo , Acuña Catalina , Díaz María , Garrido Tamara , Herrera Daniela
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los tipos de estudios y las temáticas más investigadas en población con síndrome de Down en Chile y describir el tipo de muestra utilizada y el rango de edad durante el periodo de 2011 a 2020. Se efectuó un estudio documental (revisión sistemática). Se utilizó la base de datos Scopus para la búsqueda de información. Las palabras claves utilizadas fueron: Síndrome de Down y Chile. El periodo fue 2011 a 2020. La información se registró en una ficha de observación. Se identificaron 30 estudios. El 56,7 % (n = 17) son estudios descriptivos (transversales), el 10,0 % (n = 3) experimentales. Las temáticas de estudio en su mayoría abarcan temáticas sociales (8 estudios) y aspectos antropométricos (7 estudios), seguidas de variables fisiológicas, psicológicas, hematológicas, biomecánicas, pruebas prenatales y trastornos del sueño. El rango de edad de la muestra que utilizan los estudios va desde la etapa prenatal hasta 28 años y el tamaño de la muestra va desde uno hasta 1922 participantes. Los resultados del estudio sugieren la necesidad urgente de desarrollar estudios experimentales y longitudinales, la inclusión de adultos de edad media y avanzada, así como muestras en periodo prenatal, que permitan explorar temáticas relacionadas con variables fisiológicas, psicológicas, hematológicas, biomecánicas y pruebas de diagnóstico prenatal, puesto que son relevantes para la independencia y autonomía de las personas con síndrome de Down.
Los profesionales de Atención Temprana frente al Covid-19: autopercepción competencial de los profesionales en la teleintervención
Authors: López-Riobóo Moreno Elena , Páramo Rodriguez Patricia , Mampaso Desbrow Joanne
Published: November 2021

La situación de emergencia sanitaria, SARS-Cov-19, declarada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud aboca a los Centros de Atención Temprana a trasformar el rol del profesional para poder continuar con el buen funcionamiento del servicio. Down Madrid, entidad sin ánimo de lucro, desarrolla un protocolo de trabajo ante las necesidades generadas redefiniendo las funciones prioritarias de aplicación en la teleintervención. Este estudio analiza la valoración de los profesionales respecto a la competencia percibida en la transformación del servicio, describe la satisfacción manifiesta respecto a la teleintervención durante el confinamiento y señala el cambio de rol de la familia asociado. Además, esta investigación identifica, bajo el constructo Planificación Centrada en la Familia, el verdadero empoderamiento de las familias como pilar principal del tratamiento. Los resultados permiten afirmar que el 100 % de los profesionales considera exitosa la interacción con la familia y un 83,3 % percibe un empoderamiento mayor en los familiares como agentes trasformadores del cambio. Como futuras líneas de investigación se precisa aportar mayor evidencia científica que permita afirmar que la simbiosis entre los profesionales y las familias, en el medio telemático, es una realidad.
Barreras y facilitadores para la inclusión educativa de personas con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Nieto Carmona Cristina , Moriña Díez Anabel
Published: November 2021

El propósito de este estudio es analizar las barreras y ayudas que 32 personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI), escolarizadas en centros ordinarios, han identificado en su trayectoria escolar. Las autoras realizaron un estudio cualitativo basado en los supuestos de la investigación inclusiva con adultos españoles con DI. Se recogieron los datos mediante entrevistas individuales y fueron analizados a través de un sistema de categorías y códigos. En el análisis colaboraron activamente los participantes en la investigación. Los resultados muestran que las barreras y las ayudas que se encontraron las personas con DI estaban relacionadas con el perfil docente, el currículo, las relaciones sociales con los compañeros y otros agentes, como la familia y los equipos directivos de los centros educativos. Como principal conclusión sobresale que la práctica docente y la relación con los iguales son fundamentales y pueden llegar a actuar tanto como barrera cuanto como ayuda. Como recomendaciones se plantean la necesidad de que los docentes se comprometan con la enseñanza de contenidos funcionales, el uso de metodologías activas y centradas en el alumnado, así como con actuaciones para promover las relaciones sociales entre el alumnado.
Lean módszerek alkalmazása Magyarországon
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Rendesi István
Published: November 2021

Az utóbbi időben megszaporodtak a lean alkalmazásokról szóló beszámolók. A cikk a magyarországi vállalatoknál végzett lean projektekkel foglalkozik. A szerzők feltárják a lean projektek okait és a leggyakrabban használt technikákat. Azt találták, hogy a lean projektek leggyakoribb céljai a hatékonyságnövelés, a költség- és veszteségcsökkentés. Az esetek felében az alkalmazandó módszereket tanácsadók javasolták. Az elemzések azt mutatják, hogy a felső vezetők erőteljesen részt vettek a folyamatokban (célkitűzés, módszerválasztás, esetenként a megvalósításban is). A vizsgált lean projekteknél a legnépszerűbb módszerek az 5S, PDCA és a Poka-Yoke voltak. Az esetek kétharmadában külső tanácsadók segítették a munkát. A cikk szakirodalmi részében egy tömör összefoglalás található a különböző lean megközelítésekről.
A vezetési tanácsadási projektek értékelése
Authors: Tokár-Szadai Ágnes
Published: November 2021

A Miskolci Egyetem Gazdálkodástani Intézete 2001-ben, 2005–06-ban, majd 2011–12-ben kérdőíves felmérést végzett tanácsadó cégek, valamint ügyfeleik körében. A tanulmányban a szerző a vezetési tanácsadók és a tanácsadási projektek értékelési szempontjainak szakirodalmi összefoglalását követően bemutatja, hogy a vállalkozók mennyire elégedettek az igénybe vett tanácsadási szolgáltatással: hogyan értékelik a különböző nagyságú tanácsadó cégek teljesítményét, milyennek látják a tanácsadóval való kapcsolatukat, mennyire elégedettek a tanácsadó szakmai kompetenciájával, milyennek ítélik meg a szolgáltatás ára és a teljesítés színvonala közötti kapcsolatot, véleményük szerint a kapott javaslat mennyire volt megoldásra orientált, és melyek az esetleges elégedetlenségük okai.
Virtual Immortality - God, Evolution, and the Singularity in Post- and Transhumanism
Authors: Krüger Oliver
Published: November 2021

In recent years, ideas of post- and transhumanism have been popularized by novels, TV series, and Hollywood movies. According to this radical perspective, humankind and all biological life have become obsolete. Traditional forms of life are inefficient at processing information and inept at crossing the high frontier: outer space. While humankind can expect to be replaced by their own artificial progeny, posthumanists assume that they will become an immortal part of a transcendent superintelligence. Krüger's award-winning study examines the historical and philosophical context of these futuristic promises by Ray Kurzweil, Nick Bostrom, Frank Tipler, and other posthumanist thinkers.
Passing and Posing between Black and White
Authors: Gotto Lisa
Published: November 2021

Since its inception, U.S. American cinema has grappled with the articulation of racial boundaries. This applies, in the first instance, to featuring mixed-race characters crossing the color line. In a broader sense, however, this also concerns viewing conditions and knowledge configurations. The fact that American film engages itself so extensively with the unbalanced relation between black and white is neither coincidental nor trivial to state — it has much more to do with disputing boundaries that pertain to the medium itself. Lisa Gotto examines this constellation along the early history of American film, the cinematic modernism of the late 1950s, and the post-classical cinema of the turn of the millennium.
Wenn Parlamente vors Volk ziehen
Authors: Brockmann Nils Arne
Published: November 2021

Akklamation, Okkupation und Verantwortungsflucht - Ratsreferenden genießen als Top-down-Verfahren in der lokalen Politikforschung einen zweifelhaften Ruf. Nils Arne Brockmann unternimmt nun erstmalig eine empirisch-systematische Erforschung des direktdemokratischen Entscheidungsinstruments: Anhand vergleichender Fallstudien in vier Städten untersucht er die vielfältigen Initiierungsgründe und Akteurskonstellationen von Ratsreferenden. Er hinterfragt dabei ihre im Vergleich zu Bürgerreferenden negative Rezeption und entwickelt eine Analyseheuristik, die auch auf Top-down-Referenden anderer politischer Ebenen übertragbar ist.
Die Eigentumsfrage im 21. Jahrhundert
Authors: von Pechmann Alexander
Published: November 2021

Die Ökologie warnt vor der Erderwärmung, die Soziologie vor sozialer Ungleichheit: beides bedroht das Überleben der kommenden Generationen. Alexander von Pechmann behandelt aus rechtsphilosophischer Perspektive die Frage, welche künftigen Formen des Eigentums diesen globalen Herausforderungen gewachsen sind. Er kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass weder das kapitalistische Privateigentumsrecht noch das nationale Souveränitätsprinzip in der Lage sind, die globalen Zukunftsprobleme zu lösen. Dies vermag, so die These, nur die Menschheit als Gesamteigentümer in der Rechtsgestalt »Vereinter Nationen«.
Verkehr im Kapitalismus
Authors: Schwedes Oliver
Published: November 2021

Der Verkehr ist der einzige Sektor, in dem die CO2-Emissionen bis heute steigen. Trotz deutlicher Effizienzgewinne durch z.B. ressourcenschonende Motoren hat der Verkehrssektor in den letzten 30 Jahren keinen Beitrag zu den politisch angestrebten Klimazielen geleistet: Das absolute Verkehrswachstum hat alle Einsparungen kompensiert. Daraus folgt die basale verkehrswissenschaftliche Einsicht, dass technologische Innovationen allein nicht zu einer nachhaltigen Verkehrsentwicklung beitragen. Oliver Schwedes zeigt: Eine Verkehrswende erfordert Innovationen auch auf sozialer Ebene - wir müssen unser Zusammenleben neu organisieren!
Tattoos zeigen
Authors: Kumschick Susanna
Published: November 2021

Wie werden Tätowierungen sichtbar und wie stellt man so etwas Vergängliches wie die tätowierte Haut im Museum aus? Die Ausstellung Tattoo, die zwischen 2013 und 2015 im Gewerbemuseum Winterthur und im Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg gezeigt wurde, wertschätzt eine wenig variantenreich gezeigte Kulturpraxis im Kontext von Kunst, Design und Kulturgeschichte. Zeitgenössische Kunstpositionen, Performances und Fotografien spielen dabei genauso eine tragende Rolle wie präparierte Hautstücke oder frühe Zeichnungen aus Forschungsberichten. Susanna Kumschick untersucht das gegenwärtige Phänomen der Tätowierungen und befragt deren Darstellbarkeit im Kontext der kuratorischen Theorie und Praxis. Gleichzeitig lotet sie die unterschätzten Qualitäten der interdisziplinären Themenausstellung für eine zeitgemäße Ausstellungspraxis aus.
AVALIAÇÃO DA LONGITUDINALIDADE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA EM SAÚDE PARA USUÁRIOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA ROSA/RS
Authors: Tolazzi Julia da Rosa , Lopes Luis Felipe Dias , Kuhn Nuvea , Ramser Claudia  Aline de Souza
Published: November 2021

A longitudinalidade enquanto um dos atributos da Atenção Primária em Saúde constitui um vínculo temporal existente entre usuário e o sistema de saúde. Trata-se de um importante indicador para o sistema de saúde no país. Para fins de atentar a este atributo a nível local em um município localizado na região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no presente estudo tem-se como objetivo avaliar a longitudinalidade do cuidado pela perspectiva dos usuários no município de Santa Rosa/RS. Para tal, utilizou-se de um estudo transversal, de caráter quantitativo e descritivo-analítico, desenvolvido no período de março de 2018 com 100% (n=17) das Equipes de Saúde da Família do município. Participaram do estudo 200 usuários adultos, por meio da aplicação do instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool com 14 itens. O estudo permitiu identificar a insatisfação dos usuários quanto à longitudinalidade no serviço de saúde no município. Diante de tal realidade, ressalta-se a importância da reestruturação dos serviços de saúde, juntamente com a sensibilização dos profissionais que atuam neste intuito e que estão em contato próximo com o paciente, com o objetivo de fortalecer o vínculo com o usuário e melhorar o desempenho nas ações realizadas rotineiramente nas unidades de saúde.
Autorité et auctorialité au sein de groupes WhatsApp chrétiens libanais
Authors: Iskandar Rosemary
Published: November 2021

Les groupes WhatsApp sont utilisés par des chrétiens libanais pour partager des prières et une foi commune, entre identité et culture. Mais s’y jouent également des enjeux d’autorité (cléricale et laïque) et de pouvoir mais aussi de propriété intellectuelle (droit d’auteur, auctorialité) qu’une observation non participante et des entretiens nous permettent d’analyser, dans la formation de l’espace religieux qu’active le groupe. Le régime techno-discursif de WhatsApp permet en effet, en contexte chrétien, de donner une nouvelle place aux laïcs, tout comme il permet aux prêtres d’accroître leur audience spirituelle.
Le catholicisme, l’écologie et la mobilisation socio-politique en ligne au Vietnam autour de la catastrophe environnementale « Formosa »
Authors: Anh Ngoc Hoang Thomas
Published: November 2021

Cette étude propose une analyse communicationnelle du processus de mise en visibilité digitale d’un militantisme catholique vietnamien suite à la catastrophe écologique « Formosa » qui a eu lieu au Centre du Vietnam en avril 2016. Elle s’appuie sur une approche agonistique honnethienne de la reconnaissance sociale et, par conséquent, sur les travaux d’Olivier Voirol portant sur les luttes pour la visibilité. Ainsi, elle montre que cette mise en visibilité a puisé sa force dans l’articulation d’une triple ressource : la religion catholique vietnamienne (doctrine et organisation ecclésiale), un régime axiologique contemporain autour de la question écologique, et une opérativité performante des médias numériques. Contribuant à l’émergence d’un activisme citoyen et d’une société civile dans un Vietnam contemporain sous régime communiste autoritaire, ce militantisme écologique digital des acteurs catholiques vietnamiens permet d’approfondir la « remédiation » conçue comme une quête de « remède », via le medium numérique, aux préoccupations écologiques et, plus largement, aux problèmes socio-politiques de ce pays vietnamien où cette religion catholique est entre « le ciel et la terre ».
Effect of Capital Structure on Profitability of Securities Companies: Empirical Research in Vietnam
Authors: Hai Tran Van
Published: November 2021

Capital structure is understood as the proportion of each source of capital in the total capital that the business, or the combination of debt and equity that the company uses for business operations. The decision on capital structure is one of the important financial decisions for any business, reducing capital costs and eliminate unwanted risks. In other words, a reasonable structure is the balance between risk and profit, from which enterprises can implement their business strategies. In fact, the capital structure of each enterprise depends on many factors such as the macro conditions of each country, each industry in which the enterprise operates, or the individual characteristics of each enterprise, etc., so there is no single structure common to all businesses. Therefore, the study of capital structure is a topic that is always interested by scientists at different stages, as well as business managers to make effective selection decisions.
Impact of Brain Drain on the Development of the IT Sphere
Authors: Stryabkova Elena Anatolievna , Kogteva Anna Nikolaevna , Lyshchikova Julia Vladimirovna , Yashar Anar Rzayev
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the study is explained by the trend of migration processes intensification in the modern Russian economy, a wave-like increase in the volume of emigration of highly skilled professionals. The paper describes the concept and causes of migration, combinations of political, economic, and cultural factors of the migration process. The authors have characterized the main destinations of migration and the structure of migrating human resources and proposed fields for the development of the Russian migration policy to reduce the migration flows of highly skilled professionals from Russia, as well as attract foreign specialists to work in the Russian Federation.
Designing of a Parenting Education Web Program in Overcoming Students' Learning Difficulties at Home during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bahar Herwina , Iswan Iswan , Sundi Venni Herli
Published: November 2021

This is the result of the research entitled Web Design of Parenting Education Programs in Overcoming Students' Learning Difficulties at Home during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research was conducted in FIP-UMJ Labs. Elementary School in South Tangerang, Indonesia. The research method was model development, with a qualitative descriptive approach, a prototype model. The number of respondents was 397 elementary school students. The purpose of the study was to determine the problems faced by parents, so far in an effort to help their children study at home. The results of this study were proven based on the results of the analysis of respondent data, where only 79% of parents understand the child's parenting education web program at home, while the implementation of child care programs at school where 82% have been implemented properly. The effectiveness to overcome their children's learning difficulties at home is 65%, while for parents who have good communication between teachers and parents, the figure is 64%. The highest percentage gain of 91% is parents who accompany their children to study at home, while as many as 42% of parents prepare special time, to accompany their children to study at home. Difficulties in assisting children to study at home yielded a percentage of 47% and regarding concentration on learning for children, to overcome this, a percentage 72% was obtained. The parents who studied their children's learning materials was as much as 66%. Regarding the parents who prepared study time for their children at home according to the schedule given by the school, the obstacles faced by them in accompanying learning at home, were due to the busyness of parents and was reflected by a percentage rate of 53%.