bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure S6 from Stabilizing Tumor-Resident Mast Cells Restores T-Cell Infiltration and Sensitizes Sarcomas to PD-L1 Inhibition
Authors: Panagi Myrofora , Mpekris Fotios , Voutouri Chrysovalantis , Hadjigeorgiou Andreas G. , Symeonidou Chloe , Porfyriou Eleni , Michael Christina , Stylianou Andreas , Martin John D. , Cabral Horacio , Constantinidou Anastasia , Stylianopoulos Triantafyllos
Published: June 2024

Expression of PD-L1 in sarcoma tumors.
Supplementary Table S6 from Best Overall Response–Associated Signature to Doxorubicin in Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Transcriptomic Analysis from ANNOUNCE
Authors: Liu Jiangang , Moura David S. , Jones Robin L. , Aggarwal Amit , Ebert Philip J. , Wagner Andrew J. , Wright Jennifer , Martin-Broto Javier , Tap William D.
Published: June 2024

Clinical and pathologic characteristics: GEIS vs. ANNOUNCE
Supplementary Figure 14 from Early Changes in Tumor-Naive Cell-Free Methylomes and Fragmentomes Predict Outcomes in Pembrolizumab-Treated Solid Tumors
Authors: Stutheit-Zhao Eric Y. , Sanz-Garcia Enrique , Liu Zhihui (Amy) , Wong Derek , Marsh Kayla , Abdul Razak Albiruni R. , Spreafico Anna , Bedard Philippe L. , Hansen Aaron R. , Lheureux Stephanie , Torti Dax , Lam Bernard , Yang Shih Yu Cindy , Burgener Justin , Luo Ping , Zeng Yong , Cheng Nicholas , Awadalla Philip , Bratman Scott V. , Ohashi Pamela S. , Pugh Trevor J. , Siu Lillian L.
Published: June 2024

Cancer-specific methylation (CSM) and fragment length scores (FLS) are moderately correlated. CSM and FLS scores were computed for each sample. Correlation testing between FLS and log-adjusted CSM was performed using Spearman's method.
The Cell Cycle: a Key to Unlock EZH2-targeted Therapy Resistance
Authors: Paolini Rachel L. , Souroullas George P.
Published: June 2024

In this issue, a study by Kazansky and colleagues explored resistance mechanisms after EZH2 inhibition in malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT) and epithelioid sarcomas (ES). The study identified genetic alterations in EZH2 itself, along with alterations that converge on RB1-E2F–mediated cell-cycle control, and demonstrated that inhibition of cell-cycle kinases, such as Aurora Kinase B (AURKB) could bypass EZH2 inhibitor resistance to enhance treatment efficacy.

See related article by Kazansky et al., p. 965 (6).
Unlocking the Next Frontier in Precision Oncology: Addressing Drug-Tolerant Residual Disease
Authors: Lin Jessica J. , Gainor Justin F. , Lam Vincent K. , Lovly Christine M.
Published: June 2024

Drug-tolerant residual disease (DTRD) after the initial maximal response to a systemic therapy can serve as a tumor reservoir for the development of acquired drug resistance and represents a major clinical challenge across various cancers and types of therapies. To unlock the next frontier in precision oncology, we propose a fundamental paradigm shift in the treatment of metastatic cancers with a sharpened focus towards defining, monitoring, and therapeutically targeting the DTRD state.
Clinical Validation of a Cell-Free DNA Fragmentome Assay for Augmentation of Lung Cancer Early Detection
Authors: Mazzone Peter J. , Bach Peter B. , Carey Jacob , Schonewolf Caitlin A. , Bognar Katalin , Ahluwalia Manmeet S. , Cruz-Correa Marcia , Gierada David , Kotagiri Sonali , Lloyd Kathryn , Maldonado Fabien , Ortendahl Jesse D. , Sequist Lecia V. , Silvestri Gerard A. , Tanner Nichole , Thompson Jeffrey C. , Vachani Anil , Wong Kwok-Kin , Zaidi Ali H. , Catallini Joseph , Gershman Ariel , Lumbard Keith , Millberg Laurel K. , Nawrocki Jeff , Portwood Carter , Rangnekar Aakanksha , Sheridan Carolina Campos , Trivedi Niti , Wu Tony , Zong Yuhua , Cotton Lindsey , Ryan Allison , Cisar Christopher , Leal Alessandro , Dracopoli Nicholas , Scharpf Robert B. , Velculescu Victor E. , Pike Luke R. G.
Published: June 2024

Lung cancer screening via annual low-dose computed tomography has poor adoption. We conducted a prospective case–control study among 958 individuals eligible for lung cancer screening to develop a blood-based lung cancer detection test that when positive is followed by a low-dose computed tomography. Changes in genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentation profiles (fragmentomes) in peripheral blood reflected genomic and chromatin characteristics of lung cancer. We applied machine learning to fragmentome features to identify individuals who were more or less likely to have lung cancer. We trained the classifier using 576 cases and controls from study samples and validated it in a held-out group of 382 cases and controls. The validation demonstrated high sensitivity for lung cancer and consistency across demographic groups and comorbid conditions. Applying test performance to the screening eligible population in a 5-year model with modest utilization assumptions suggested the potential to prevent thousands of lung cancer deaths.

Significance: Lung cancer screening has poor adoption. Our study describes the development and validation of a novel blood-based lung cancer screening test utilizing a highly affordable, low-coverage genome-wide sequencing platform to analyze cell-free DNA fragmentation patterns. The test could improve lung cancer screening rates leading to substantial public health benefits.

See related commentary by Haber and Skates, p. 2025
FIGURE 1 from Pan-Cancer Interrogation of B7-H3 (CD276) as an Actionable Therapeutic Target Across Human Malignancies
Authors: Miller Carly D. , Lozada John R. , Zorko Nicholas A. , Elliott Andrew , Makovec Allison , Radovich Milan , Heath Elisabeth I. , Agarwal Neeraj , Mckay Rana R. , Garje Rohan , Bastos Bruno R. , Hoon Dave S.B. , Orme Jacob J. , Sartor Oliver , VanderWalde Ari , Nabhan Chadi , Sledge George , Shenderov Eugene , Dehm Scott M. , Lou Emil , Miller Jeffrey S. , Hwang Justin H. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S.
Published: May 2024

Characterization of B7-H3 expression in tumors. B7-H3 transcripts per million (TPM) after log normalization. A total of 156,791 samples from 50 distinct tumor types were analyzed from the Precision Oncology Alliance (POA) consortium. Data shown in violin plots in which the white dot represents the median and the black box shows the ends of the first and third quartiles. The female genital tract malignancy category represents sarcomas from gynecologic sites and the male genital tract malignancy category represents primarily testicular cancer.
Sex-Specific Differences in the Progression of Huntington's Disease Symptoms: A National Study in China
Authors: Chen Shanquan , Zhang Huanyu , Yu Jiazhou , Cao Xi , Zhang Shuyang , Dong Dong
Published: May 2024

Background
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder. Despite extensive research on symptom progression and sex differences in Western populations, little is known about these aspects within the Chinese context.

Objectives
To investigate the temporal trends of symptoms in individuals with HD in China.

Methods
A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in Chinese individuals diagnosed with HD. Symptom progression over time, encompassing physical, psychiatric, and cognitive symptoms, was self-reported. We calculated the proportions of individuals who currently had each symptom by disease duration, and tested corresponding temporal trends by liner regression analyses.

Results
A total of 269 individuals diagnosed with HD were included. Specific symptoms were found to progress more significantly in males compared to females over time, including psychotic symptoms (p=0.007), urinary incontinence (p=0.013), reduced concentration (p=0.005), font alteration (p=0.029), atypical facial expression (p=0.037), and suicidal ideation (p=0.047). In terms of cognitive and psychiatric symptoms, no significant temporal trends were identified in females, while males demonstrated significant increasing trends, with reduced concentration (p = 0.005) and psychotic symptoms (p = 0.007) standing out.

Conclusions
This study emphasizes the existence of sex-specific symptom progression in HD within the Chinese population, underscoring the importance of considering sex in clinical practice. Further research should investigate the mechanisms behind these differences and explore tailored treatment options.
Foreword
Authors:   University of Tartu, Mets Ave , Müüsepp Peeter ,   Tallinn University of Technology, Lõhkivi Endla ,   University of Tartu
Published: June 2024

The current issue, titled The Philosophical Legacy of Rein Vihalemm: Reflections and Expansions, is a sequel to previous publications that have paid tribute to the work and legacy of Rein Vihalemm (1938–2015), all supported by the Estonian Research Council (grant PRG462). In 2019, Vihalemm’s 1981 philosophically informed history of chemistry was translated from Estonian and published as a special summer issue of Acta Baltica Historiae et Philosophiae Scientiarum (Vihalemm, 2019).
Поширеність та клінічні характеристики рецесії ясен у хворих на пародонтит
Authors: Чумакова Ю. Г. , Борченко Н. А. , Заградська О. Л. , Марчук Т. С.
Published: June 2024

Резюме. Однією з головних естетичних проблем у хворих на пародонтит є рецесія ясен, що характеризується апікальним зміщенням маргінального краю їх відносно емалево-цементної межі з оголенням поверхні кореня.
Мета дослідження – визначити поширеність та основні клінічні характеристики рецесії ясен у хворих на генералізований пародонтит.
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 265 пацієнтів (102 чоловіки і 163 жінки віком 20–68 років (середній вік (40,4±0,6) року)). Клінічне обстеження проведено із використанням комп’ютерної системи пародонтального зондування Florida Probe. Визначали наявність рецесії ясен, її глибину в 6 сайтах біля кожного зуба та систематизували рецесії за класифікацією Міллера (1985).
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Серед 265 осіб виявлено 9 пацієнтів з інтактним пародонтом (3,4 %) та 256 хворих на генералізований пародонтит різного ступеня (96,6 %). Поширеність рецесії ясен серед усіх учасників дослідження склала 90,2 %, а у хворих на пародонтит – 90,6 %. Середня кількість обстежених зубів на одну людину становила (27,90±0,20) зуба. Середня кількість зубів із рецесією ясен на одну людину – (12,67±0,45) зуба або (45,8±1,6) %. Середня кількість зубів із рецесією ясен на нижній щелепі (7,01±0,26) була достовірно вище, ніж на верхній щелепі (5,72±0,25, р<0,05). Визначено підвищення середньої кількості зубів із рецесією ясен у віковій групі 51–68 років порівняно до вікових груп 20–35 та 36–50 років (р<0,001). Встановлено, що тютюнокуріння не впливає на розвиток рецесії ясен. На верхній щелепі рецесія частіше виникає на вестибулярній (щічній) поверхні зубів та у більшості випадків спостерігається біля перших молярів і перших премолярів. На піднебінній поверхні зубів найчастіше визначається оголення піднебінного кореня першого моляра. На нижній щелепі рецесія ясен у більшості пацієнтів виявлена на вестибулярній поверхні премолярів та центральних різців, на язиковій – біля центральних і бокових різців. 56,9 % осіб мали генералізовану рецесію ясен на верхній щелепі та 65,7 % – на нижній щелепі. Лише 27,2 % людей мали локалізовану рецесію ясен на обох щелепах. Згідно з класифікацією Міллера, 49,8 % обстежених мали рецесію ясен I класу ((5,40±0,47) зуба), 2,1% – II класу ((2,60±1,12) зуба), 90,8 % – III класу ((9,43±0,41) зуба) і 24,3 % – рецесію IV класу ((5,28±0,65) зуба), асоційовану з генералізованим пародонтитом II–III ступенів.
Висновки. Отримані результати про високу поширеність рецесії ясен у хворих на генералізований пародонтит (90,2 %) вказують на необхідність раннього виявлення факторів ризику, удосконалення методів комплексної діагностики пародонтального фенотипу та хірургічного лікування із застосуванням сучасних методів мукогінгівальної хірургії.
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COPMOUNDS IN THE EXRTACTS OF SPERANSKIA TUBERCULATA (BUNGE) BAILL AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE VIABILITY OF CANCER CELLS OF FIVE DIFFERENT LINES
Authors: Sun Zeyuan , Derkach T. M.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the work. Identifying the most considerable bioactive compounds in Speranskia tuberculata extracts and studying their effect on the viability of cancer cells of five lines.
Materials and Methods. The herb Speranskia tuberculata extract was prepared based on ethyl acetate and petroleum ether in the 12.5-75 μg/ml concentration range. The presence of compounds in the extracts was investigated by the tandem high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (HPLC/MS) method. The MTT cytotoxicity test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of extracts on five commercially available cell lines: A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma), HEPG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver), A375 (human malignant melanoma), HELA (human pancreatic carcinoma), RAW264.7 (macrophage-like cell line from mice transformed with Abelson's leukaemia virus).
Results and Discussion. The peaks of about 300 compounds were identified in the mass spectra. Fifty-six compounds with the largest peaks were investigated from the point of view of manifestations of anticancer, antitumour, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity known from the literature. Only 35 of the 56 peaks have a documented effect on the listed diseases, another 15 compounds are active on other diseases, and 6 showed no activity. Of the 35 compounds belonging to 10 chemical classes, alkaloids, lipids, and polyphenols dominate (20 out of 35). Chemical reactions for phytochemical screening of chemical classes found in extracts are presented. In MTT tests, the viability during treatment of 4 out of 5 cell lines significantly decreases with increasing concentration of extracts. Only RAW264.7 cells were stable - their viability did not fall below 75-85%. Ethyl acetate extracts were the most effective. They maximally reduce viability to 18%, and the IC50 of this extract for all cell lines varied between 49-53 μg/ml. For petroleum ether, the IC50 of three lines was 65-74 μg/ml (for A375, the approximate value reached 114 μg/ml).
Conclusions. The peaks of about 300 compounds found in extracts of the herb Speranskia tuberculata were identified by the HPLC/MS. Among the 56 most intense peaks, 35 compounds, according to the literature, have anticancer, antitumour, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. MTT tests showed that the studied extracts significantly reduced the viability of cancer cells in 4 out of 5 lines. IC50 for ethyl acetate extracts is 49-53 μg/ml, and for petroleum ether - 65-74 μg/ml.
ДІАГНОСТИКА ДОБРОЯКІСНИХ ПУХЛИН ТОНКОГО КИШЕЧНИКА: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ПРОБЛЕМИ
Authors: ІЛЬЇНА-СТОГНІЄНКО В. Ю. , ЧАЙКА О. М.
Published: June 2024

В огляді висвітлено проблеми діагностики доброякісних пухлин тонкої кишки. Проаналізовано особливості клінічного перебігу доброякісних пухлин тонкої кишки та можливості сучасних інтраскопічних технологій. Показано, що клінічні прояви можуть бути мізерними і діагностика доброякісних пухлин залишається складним завданням. Частота виявлення доброякісних пухлин у практиці роботи університетської клініки складає 0,1 % від числа звернень.
Ендоскопія шлунка та товстої кишки, ультразвукове дослідження та рентгенологічні дослідження тонкої кишки залишаються актуальними як заходи першої лінії в діагностичному пошуку. Як додаткові методи дослідження можуть застосовувати ентерографію (та ентерокліз) з КТ і МРТ, а також КТ-ангіографію і капсульну ендоскопію. В останні роки для аналізу зображень, одержаних при ендоскопії, використовують системи з технологією штучного інтелекту. Впровадження новітніх технологій інтраскопічної діагностики дозволяє збільшити частоту виявлення доброякісних пухлин.
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES GENERATION BY BLOOD LEUKOCYTES OF RATS AFTER IMPLANTATION OF SURGICAL MESH WITH TANTALUM-BASED COATING
Authors: Nakonechna O. A. , Smachylo R. M. , Dudin S. V. , Kyslov O. V.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Over the past 20 years, polypropylene has become the main material used in hernioplasty, and has proven itself as an excellent material for the restoration of the abdominal wall during hernia repair. Since polypropylene surgical meshes do not decompose well in the body, they can stimulate the development of an inflammatory process in the surrounding tissues, which subsequently causes adhesions. The development of a postoperative inflammatory process after implantation of polypropylene surgical meshes is observed in 30–40 % of patients. This affects the management of the postoperative period, increases the time of stay of patients in the hospital and their period of convalescence. These data force scientists to continue the search for the optimal surgical mesh, which would suit specialists not only from the side of the physical properties of the surgical mesh, but also from the side of its biocompatible and anti-inflammatory properties. Tantalum is successfully used to produce biocompatible medical implants in surgery, orthopedics and dentistry. In previous studies, we have repeatedly noted its excellent anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, indicating the possibility of its use as a coating for mesh implants. One of the typical responses to surgical intervention is the generation of reactive oxygen species by leukocyte neutrophils, which are signaling molecules that damage the endothelium of vessels and promote the migration of cells of the immune system to the center of inflammation.
The aim of the study – to determine the generation of reactive oxygen species in leukocytes of rats of the control group and experimental rats with implantation of uncoated and tantalum-based surgical meshes.
Materials and Methods. ROS generation was assessed in rat blood leukocytes using the dye 2,7-dichlo­ro­dihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) by flow cytometry 28 days after implantation of uncoated and tantalum-coated surgical meshes.
Results and Discussion. Analyzing the obtained results, it was determined that the use of tantalum-based surgical meshes does not cause excessive generation of ROS by leukocytes, in contrast to the use of an implant without a coating. Implantation of uncoated surgical mesh caused excessive production of reactive oxygen species in blood leukocytes of rats, as evidenced by statistically significant differences in the mean fluorescence intensity of 2,7- dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate.
Conclusions. The use of tantalum-based surgical meshes causes less generation of ROS in leukocytes compared to the use of uncoated surgical meshes, and does not provoke the development of adhesions and purulent-septic processes in the postoperative period, which is confirmed by a morphological study. This determines the possibility of their use in surgical practice to improve the durability and stability of use as biomedical implants and prevention of adhesion formation.
ВМІСТ ВІТАМІНУ D У СИРОВАТКАХ КРОВІ МЕШКАНЦІВ ТЕРНОПІЛЬЩИНИ, ХВОРИХ НА ЛАЙМ-БОРЕЛІОЗ І ХРОНІЧНУ ЕПШТЕЙНА – БАРР ВІРУСНУ ІНФЕКЦІЮ
Authors: Юзьків Т. І. , Шкільна М. І. , Івахів О. Л. , Гук М. Т. , Кліщ І. М.
Published: June 2024

Вступ. Науковці припускають, що вітамін D, завдяки імуномодулювальним властивостям, здатний контролювати противірусну імунну відповідь. Тому необхідно з’ясувати його менеджмент у пацієнтів з вірусними та бактерійними мікст-інфекціями.
Мета дослідження – визначити вміст 25-гідроксивітаміну (25(OH)D) у сироватках крові мешканців Тернопільщини, хворих на Лайм-бореліоз (ЛБ) і хронічну Епштейна – Барр вірусну інфекцію (ЕБВІ) окремо та при їх поєднанні.
Методи дослідження. Обстежено 81 пацієнта з клінічними проявами ЛБ та EБВІ. Діагноз ЛБ встановлювали клінічно, підтверджували серологічно у два етапи (імуноферментний аналіз та імуноблот). Хронічну EБВІ діагностували за допомогою непрямої імунофлуоресценції (технологія БІОЧИП). Активну фазу недуги визначали за високим вмістом ДНК вірусу в полімеразній ланцюговій реакції одночасно у крові та слині хворих. Рівень 25(OH)D визначали шляхом проведення хемілюмінесцентного імуноаналізу. Результати інтерпретували згідно з рекомендаціями Першого українського консенсусу щодо менеджменту вітаміну D (2023): <20 нг/мл – дефіцит вітаміну D (ДВД); ≥20–29 нг/мл – недостатність вітаміну D (НВД); >30–50 нг/мл – достатній рівень вітаміну D (ДРВД); >50–60 нг/мл – безпечний, але не цільовий рівень ­вітаміну D (БРВД); >60–100 нг/мл – зона невизначеності з потенційними перевагами чи ризиками; >100 нг/мл ‒ надлишок/зона токсичності вітаміну D.
Результати й обговорення. Разом ДВД та НВД частіше реєстрували у хворих на хронічну ЕБВІ в активній фазі, поєднану з ЛБ, і тільки на цю недугу порівняно з пацієнтами лише з ЕБВІ в латентній фазі (p<0,05). Разом ДРВД і БРВД переважали у пацієнтів тільки з хронічною ЕБВІ в латентній фазі чи в поєднанні її з ЛБ порівняно з хворими на ЕБВІ в активній фазі разом із ЛБ або окремо (p<0,05). Середній рівень 25(OH)D вищий у пацієнтів із хронічною ЕБВІ в латентній фазі, ніж в осіб з активною фазою недуги як разом із ЛБ, так і без нього (p<0,05), і більший у хворих на хронічну ЕБВІ в латентній фазі в поєднанні з ЛБ порівняно з особами лише з активною фазою ЕБВІ (p<0,05).
Висновки. Визначення вмісту вітаміну D у мешканців Тернопільщини, хворих на ЛБ і хронічну ЕБВІ, за рівнем 25(OH)D проведено вперше, воно дозволило встановити суттєву різницю його вмісту в осіб як лише з ЕБВІ в активній чи латентній фазі, так і в поєднанні з ЛБ.
Rational expectations and optimal monetary policy: estimates for Brazil and the U.S.
Authors: Dias Maria Helena Ambrosio
Published: May 2024

This paper uses Taylor's macroeconomic model with rational agents. The model is designed to allow the researcher to estimate aggregate demand and price equations under rational expectations and some inflexibility in wage adjustment arising from contracts. The generalized method ofmoments is applied to estimate the model for the Brazilian and U.S. economies in the period 1973-85. Government monetary policy functions based on losses arising from inflation and unemployment are then used to construct a second-order Phillips curve, which shows the different variances of inflation and unemployment that are optimal depending on loss function weights. The main conclusions are that there is a tradeoff between the variabilities of inflation and output in both economies, and that monetary policies were not optimal in either economy during the period.
Weighted monetary aggregation: a causality analysis
Authors: Divino Jose Angelo Costa A.
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates causality among money and the variables inflation rate and level of income in the period that spans from 1980 until the Real Plan edition, when Brazilian economy faced a great economic instability. It was used, as money concept, monetary aggregates weighted by the Divisia index as well as obtained by simple sum of assets. It was accomplished the causality test for cointegrated variables proposed by Engle and Granger (1987). The results indicate that the causality runs simultaneously from money, in its several definitions, to inflation and to level of income. This can be explained by the passivity that characterized the monetary policy during the period. In the relationship between money and price level, the statistically more significant result was observed in the causality prices-money and it was evidenced when money was widely defined.
Produção e uso de tecnologia setorial no Brasil
Authors: Morceiro Paulo Cesar , Tessarin Milene Simone , Guilhoto Joaquim José Martins
Published: May 2024

This study presents a view of the production and use of technology for 68 sectors in the Brazilian economy. Research and development (R&D) data of the new national accounts and of public research institutes were used. To capture the indirect R&D of intermediate inputs and investment goods (domestic and imported), input-output and investment matrices were used. Results show sectoral heterogeneity in the production and use of R&D. It is concluded that the State has a significant role in technological investments and that the structural change for services is worrying because services produce little technology in the country.
Um papel a negociar: as mulheres na crítica de arte argentina (1981-2003)
Authors: Dahn María Inés
Published: June 2024

O retorno da democracia trouxe mudanças profundas na forma como a atividade do crítico de arte foi definida e exercida na Argentina. Se nos anos 1980 o espaço da crítica aparecia como um espaço hermético e reduzido, dominado por uma geração envelhecida de críticos, um segundo estado desse espaço, na virada do século, mostrou uma ampliação de seus suportes e temas, uma diversificação de suas competências e dos perfis sociais associados à atividade. Uma das características mais marcantes desse segundo estágio é a maior presença de mulheres na crítica de arte.
Quando os muros caem O discurso identitário na obra Teoria Geral do esquecimento, de Agualusa
Authors: Silva Maria Laura Muller da Fonseca e
Published: May 2024

Este artigo analisa o romance Teoria Geral do Esquecimento (2012), de José Eduardo Agualusa, mobilizando conceitos da teoria Pós-Colonialista a fim de verificar duas hipóteses comparativistas no enredo. A primeira é a construção de personagens em sensação permanente de luta política, ideológica ou social. A outra é a verificação das perspectivas do enredo que apontam para a relação com o outro a partir da superação de traumas e da amizade.
Entrevista com a escritora Cidinha da Silva
Authors: Sales Sinei
Published: May 2024

Entrevista realizada por Sinei Sales e Maria Nilda de Carvalho Mota, aluno e aluna de Pós-Graduação do Programa de Estudos Comparados de Literaturas de Língua Portuguesa, do Departamento de Letras Clássicas e Vernáculas da Universidade de São Paulo, em dezembro de 2014, via e-mail.
As Águas Profundas de João Anzanello Carrascoza
Authors: Fráguas Márcia Cristina
Published: May 2024

Resenha do livro "Aos 7 e aos 40", primeiro romance de João Anzanello Carrascoza, publicado pela editora Cosac Naify em 2013.
Em busca do comando ideal: um duplo olhar sobre a inteligência artificial generativa na comunicação organizacional
Authors: Girardi Luana da Silva , Pase André Fagundes
Published: June 2024

La inteligencia artificial generativa ha sido tema de recientes debates que discuten su uso. Este artículo reflexiona sobre los primeros impactos entre los profesionales de la comunicación desde un estudio de caso y estrategias etnográficas para evaluar los potenciales usos de ChatGPT y de Jasper. También se presentan algunos prompts utilizados. Los resultados indican que las herramientas necesitan contextos para su funcionamiento y requieren un cambio de paradigma profesional.
Inteligência artificial e big data: por uma educação midiática crítica e ativa das Relações Públicas
Authors: Alves Emilio , Grohs Ana Cristina da Costa Piletti
Published: June 2024

This study discusses the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data on media education, highlighting their ethical and social implications for young communicators. This exploratory and propositional study proposed an approach to teaching based on Marcel Lebrun’s five components of active learning, considering the essential competencies for the critical formation of public relations professionals in the digital era.
Prognósticos das deepfakes na política eleitoral
Authors: Batista Anderson Röhe Fontão , Santaella Lucia
Published: June 2024

La desinformación y las noticias falsas tienen efectos nocivos sobre el funcionamiento del sistema electoral democrático provocando la amplificación de la polarización política existente. Aunque los ultrafalsos pertenecen a la misma familia de engaño que las noticias falsas, hay algo completamente nuevo en ellos. Utilizando un método argumentativo, el objetivo de este artículo fue revelar las fuerzas invisibles que actúan tanto en el sistema perceptual humano como en las capturas algorítmicas manipulativas para evaluar los efectos que los ultrafalsos pueden provocar en situaciones políticas electorales. Se espera que las conclusiones obtenidas ayuden a comprender los dilemas en juego.
Event-related Potential Measures of Visual Word Processing in Monolingual and Bilingual Children and Adults: A Focus on Word Frequency Effects
Authors: McArthur Alexander W. D. , Whitford Veronica , Joanisse Marc F.
Published: June 2024

How does language background influence the neural correlates of visual word recognition in children? To address this question, we used an ERP lexical decision task to examine first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) visual word processing in monolingual and bilingual school-aged children and young adults (n = 123). In particular, we focused on the effects of word frequency (an index of lexical accessibility) on RTs and the N400 ERP component. Behaviorally, we found larger L1 versus L2 word frequency effects among bilingual children, driven by faster and more accurate responses to higher-frequency words (no other language or age group differences were observed). Neurophysiologically, we found larger L1 word frequency effects in bilinguals versus monolinguals (across both age groups), reflected in more negative ERP amplitudes to lower-frequency words. However, the bilingual groups processed L1 and L2 words similarly, despite lower levels of subjective and objective L2 proficiency. Taken together, our findings suggest that divided L1 experience (but not L2 experience) influences the neural correlates of visual word recognition across childhood and adulthood.
Near- and Superinertial Internal Wave Responses and the Associated Energy Transfer after the Passage of Tropical Cyclone Fitow at a Midlatitude Shelf Slope
Authors: Yang Wei , Wei Hao , Zhao Liang
Published: June 2024

Observations from a mooring station at the East China Sea (ECS) shelf slope revealed both near- and superinertial dynamic responses to tropical cyclone (TC) Fitow. Different from the typical near-inertial response, near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) after TC Fitow showed a complicated phase pattern due to its superposition with parametric subharmonic instability (PSI)-generated M1 subharmonic waves. The wind-injected near-inertial kinetic energy (NIKE) was largely restrained to the upper 250 m. Wave packet analysis revealed the co-occurrence of enhanced NIKE, circularly polarized near-inertial currents, veering NIW propagation direction, and shrinking NIW vertical wavenumber at the base of the Kuroshio (∼180 m). This indicated the trapping and stalling of the TC-generated NIWs. Intense high-frequency internal waves (HFIWs) appeared immediately after TC Fitow which had an average period of ∼24 min and lasted ∼8 h. HFIWs also existed before the arrival of TC Fitow with a regular semidiurnal cycle. However, the HFIW after TC did not follow the semidiurnal cycle and had much larger amplitudes and longer-lasting periods. Local generation of supercritical flow over a slope or evolution from propagating internal tide as modified by TC may have induced these HFIWs. Along with the occurrence of intense HFIWs after TC Fitow, intense energy transfers from NIWs to HFIWs were identified. Due to the limited vertical propagation of TC-induced NIWs, it was the PSI-generated M1 subharmonic wave rather than the wind-induced NIW that contributed most to the energy transfer.

Significance Statement

Winds blowing over the ocean generate not only surface waves but also another type, so-called internal waves, which can travel down into the ocean. These internal waves carry a large amount of wind-injected energy into the ocean interior and are thought to play an important role in sustaining ocean turbulent mixing and circulation. We provided evidence that the passage of a tropical cyclone (TC) can induce different types of internal wave responses: near-inertial and high-frequency internal waves. Interactions and energy transfer between different internal waves occurred. With the TC-induced near-inertial internal waves trapped in the upper ocean, the background M1 subharmonic waves contributed most to the interactions with high-frequency internal waves. This fact is crucial in understanding the propagation and dissipation of wind-injected energy in the ocean, which plays an important role in controlling the ocean interior mixing and large-scale circulation.
The Role of Perceived Forms of Discrimination Within the Psychological Acculturation Process of First-Generation Immigrants: A Scoping Review
Authors: Piccinelli Elena , Vauclair Christin-Melanie , Dollner Moreira Claudia
Published: June 2024

Perceived discrimination has been found to be a common acculturative stressor among migrants negatively affecting their psychological acculturation process. Yet, a comprehensive review that focuses on how perceived discrimination is conceptualized and operationalized in the acculturation context is still missing. Furthermore, it is still unclear whether subtle and blatant forms of discrimination have been considered and compared in their effects in the acculturation literature, albeit some research suggests that the distinction between these two forms of discrimination is relevant and should be considered. Following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute, the present scoping review aimed to provide a systematic map of how perceived discrimination has been studied in the literature on first-generation adult immigrants’ psychological acculturation. A comprehensive search was executed in three databases (EBSCO, Scopus, and Web of Science), and 2,872 relevant sources were identified. A total of 143 studies were included after screening abstracts and full texts. A systematic coding scheme was then applied to all included articles. Results showed that 80% of the studies were cross-sectional and/or considered discrimination as a predictor of psychological outcomes, while other variables, for example, acculturation orientations and identity constructs, have been much less studied. Perceived discrimination was measured with over 50 different scales, yet only 10% of the studies made a clear conceptual difference between subtle and blatant discrimination. Moreover, the operationalization of these two forms of discrimination was often ambiguous. The present review identifies important knowledge gaps in the acculturation literature and draws recommendations for future research.
The classification of platform workers in the australian context
Authors: Minas John , French Ben
Published: June 2024

This article considers the issue of classification of platform workers in Australia and it is motivated by the uncertainty that persists with this issue as well as the negative impacts that may arise for workers and platforms in such an environment. We contend that awaiting a decision of the High Court, that may provide clarification on the correct classification of platform workers, is not a preferred option for resolving the issue. Introducing a third category of worker to the existing categories – employee and independent contractor – has the potential to introduce its own complexities. Another option is a legislative intervention whereby existing legislation would be amended to deem platform workers to be employees. We argue that a better alternative is for the Australian legislature to enact a legislative definition of employee similar to that in the Employment Relations Act (New Zealand) s 6(1)(a). A principle-based approach to drafting the provision, and a purposive approach to its interpretation appear to be effective means of addressing the indeterminacy that has pervaded the platform worker classification issue in Australia.
Opening the Ballot Box: Examining the Union Voting Behavior of Scholarship Football Players
Authors: McHugh Patrick P. , Hinkel Matthew , Hyman Mark
Published: June 2024

Northwestern football players were the first college sports team to participate in a union certification election. The NLRB declined to assert jurisdiction and the ballots were not counted. This paper examines the nexus of factors influencing voting patterns at Northwestern based on both survey data and extensive interviews. The findings affirm and extend those from prior union voting behavior studies. Here, however, intersectionality of race and socio-economic status was a key factor. Voting also turned-on perceptions of employee status and what party or parties constituted management. Animosity toward the NCAA was close to unanimous while players were hesitant to shed negative light on Northwestern.
A Minimal Approach to Demonstrate Concordance of Digital and Conventional Microscopy in Toxicologic Pathology
Authors: Lempp Charlotte , Arms Stefanie , Bertram Christof Albert , Klopfleisch Robert , Igl Bernd-Wolfgang , Hezler Leonie , Nolte Thomas , Pohlmeyer-Esch Gabriele
Published: June 2024

Digitalization of pathology workflows has undergone a rapid evolution and has been widely established in the diagnostic field but remains a challenge in the nonclinical safety context due to lack of regulatory guidance and validation experience for good laboratory practice (GLP) use. One means to demonstrate that digital slides are fit for purpose, that is, provide sufficient quality for pathologists to reach a diagnosis, is conduction of comparison studies, which have been published both, for veterinary and human diagnostic pathology, but not for toxicologic pathology. Here, we present an approach that uses study material from nonclinical safety studies and that allows for the statistical comparison of concordance rates for glass and digital slide evaluation while minimizing time and effort for the involved personnel. Using a benchmark study design, we demonstrate that evaluation of digital slides fits the purpose of nonclinical safety evaluation. These results add to reports of successful workflow validations and support the full adaptation of digital pathology in the regulatory field.
Comparative study between JAWS® And NVDA® in academic performance of students with visual impairment
Authors: Amin Nida , Saeed Ayesha , Khalid Arooj , Usman Muhammad , Akram Fatima
Published: June 2024

Assistive technology (AT) plays a significant role in improving academic activities of visually impaired students. Through these ATs, visually impaired students can be empowered to engage actively in academic activities. To investigate the impact of JAWS® (job access with speech) and NVDA® (nonvisual desktop access) on the academic performance of visually impaired students. This study employed a prospective analytical design. Age-matched groups of severely visually impaired students were enrolled and divided into two groups: Group A ( N = 25) received NVDA® and Group B ( N = 25) received JAWS®. The MNREAD acuity chart was used to measure the reading acuity, maximum reading speed, and critical print size. In addition, a self-designed questionnaire was employed to gather qualitative data on the features of the software and the students’ experiences while using it. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used for data tabulation and analysis. An independent samples t-test was conducted to analyze the differences between variables. Furthermore, a qualitative assessment was performed using Pearson’s chi-square association test to determine the association between software usage and student experience. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. The results revealed that NVDA® exhibited better outcomes than JAWS® in terms of improved academic activity among visually impaired students. These findings contribute to the existing literature on AT and underscore the potential of NVDA® in supporting the educational experiences of visually impaired students. Use of screen reader software not only enhanced the reading and learning experience but also promoted independence in the classroom. NVDA is the superior choice for several reasons. It caters to the individual needs of students, effectively supports their learning processes, and demonstrates a high level of appreciation among the users.
Social relationships in adults who were adopted following institutional deprivation
Authors: Kennedy Mark , Edwards Christopher , Kreppner Jana , Knights Nicky , Kovshoff Hanna , Maughan Barbara , Sonuga-Barke Edmund J. S.
Published: June 2024

Research examining the effects of severe, prolonged early deprivation has shown elevated rates of neurodevelopmental symptoms, which frequently persist into adulthood and are associated with functional and social relationship difficulties, as well as elevated rates of mental health problems. The behavioural manifestations of these symptoms closely resemble those of ADHD and also ASD. Here, we used qualitative methods to explore and characterise the social experiences and difficulties encountered by young adults exposed to profound early deprivation, in part to highlight any apparent parallels between the experiences in this group and those identified in typically developing samples with ADHD or ASD. To do so, we interviewed young adults and their adoptive parents ( N = 18) from the English and Romanian Adoptees study, about their social lives. Participants were keen to describe not only the challenges they faced but also adaptive responses. A semantic/descriptive thematic analysis revealed that the young adults strongly desired social relationships but struggled to navigate social norms, resulting in frustration and frequent loss of relationships. This was accompanied by strong feelings of loss and rejection, all of which were perceived to have a negative impact upon self-esteem and mental health. Adaptive strategies included the fostering of casual friendships with older individuals and seeking employment with strong social components. Similarities and differences between our findings and the social difficulties experienced by typically developing groups with neurodevelopmental problems, and adopted individuals more generally, are discussed.
Genetic algorithm (GA)–backpropagation (BP) network approach for hardness prediction of austempered ductile iron (ADI)
Authors: Li Pengchun , Du Yuzhou , Zhang Min , Yang Qian , Liu Chen , Wang Xin , Zhang Ruochen , Jiang Bailing
Published: June 2024

Hardness serves as a crucial indicator for assessing the success of quenching treatment in the steel and iron industry, impacting the processability and wear properties of materials. In the present study, a dataset comprising 125 hardness values of the QT500-7 sample subjected to various austempering heat treatment parameters was utilised to train a neural network model for predicting the hardness of austempered ductile iron (ADI). The established model based on a genetic algorithm and error backpropagation algorithm demonstrates high accuracy in predicting the hardness of ADI if given heat treatment parameters. The mean square error of the model was about 1.019, indicating the reliability and precision of the model in predicting the hardness of ADI based on the specified heat treatment parameters.
Atrial fibrillation inpatient management patterns and clinical outcomes during the conflict in Syria: An observational cohort study
Authors: Antoun Ibrahim , Aljabal Majed , Alkhayer Alkassem , Mahfoud Yaman , Alkhayer Alamer , Simon Peter , Kotb Ahmed , Barker Joseph , Mavilakandy Akash , Naseer Muhammad Usman , Somani Riyaz , Ng G André , Zakkar Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia worldwide. However, there is no data on AF inpatient management strategies and clinical outcomes in Syria.

Objectives

The study aims were to review the inpatient management of patients with AF and assess cardiovascular (CV) mortality in a tertiary cardiology centre in Latakia, Syria.

Methods

A single-centre retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at Tishreen’s University Hospital, Latakia, Syria, from June 2021 to June 2023. Patients ≥16 years of age presenting and being treated for AF as the primary diagnosis with or without a thromboembolic event were included. Medical records were examined for patients’ demographics, laboratory results, treatment plans and inpatient details. Studied outcomes include inpatient all-cause and CV mortality, ischemic and bleeding events, and conversion to sinus rhythm (SR).

Results

The study included 596 patients. The median age was 58, and 61% were males. 121 patients (20.3%) were known to have AF. A rhythm control strategy was pursued in 39% of patients. Ischemic and bleeding events occurred in 62 (11%) and 12 (2%), respectively. CV and all-cause mortality occurred in 28 (4.7%) and 31 patients (5%), respectively. The presence of valvular heart disease (VHD) (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 9.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7 to 55.1, p < .001), thyroid disease (aOR: 9.7, 95% CI = 1.2 to 91.6, p < .001) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (aOR: 82, 95% CI: 12.7 to 71, p < .001) were independent risk factors of increased CV inpatient mortality.

Conclusion

Syrian inpatients admitted with AF in Latakia are relatively younger than those in other countries. Active thyroid disease, COPD and VHD were independent risk factors of inpatient CV mortality with AF.
Digital sourcing: A discussion of agential, semiotic, infrastructural, combinatorial, and economic shifts
Authors: Krancher Oliver , Sabherwal Rajiv , Oshri Ilan , Kotlarsky Julia
Published: June 2024

For over four decades, a rich body of information systems (IS) sourcing research has examined topics concerning sourcing decisions, governing relationships and performance in various contexts (e.g., outsourcing, multisourcing and offshoring). The last few years have witnessed a significant change in some of the key assumptions in this literature. Organizations and their sourcing practices have been undergoing significant shifts in the digital era, involving not only human but also technology agency (e.g., artificial intelligence), malleable digital assets that can be flexibly recombined (e.g., in platform ecosystems and low-code development), and digital technology that attenuates bounded rationality (e.g., generative artificial intelligence). Such fundamental changes call for the re-examination of such past assumptions in the IS sourcing literature. In this editorial, we discuss the implications of these agential, semiotic, infrastructural, combinatorial, and economic shifts for digital sourcing, that is, research and practice of IS sourcing in the digital era.
Clinical predictors of therapeutic failure of occipital nerve stimulation in refractory chronic cluster headache
Authors: Membrilla Javier A , Cuadrado María-Luz , González-García Nuria , Porta-Etessam Jesús , Sánchez-Soblechero Antonio , Lozano Ros Alberto , Gonzalez-Martinez Alicia , Gago-Veiga Ana Beatriz , Quintas Sonia , Rodríguez Vico Jaime S , Jaimes Alex , Llorente Ayuso Lucía , Roa Javier , Estebas Carlos , Díaz-de-Terán Javier
Published: June 2024

Background

Occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) is a treatment with evidence in refractory chronic cluster headache (CCH). However, the variable response rate and cost make it necessary to investigate predictors of response.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study conducted through the review of medical records of CCH patients from six hospitals in Madrid. Epidemiological and clinical variables were compared between patients with ONS failure and the rest. ONS failure was defined as the need for device withdrawal or switch off because of lack of response or adverse events.

Results

From a series of 88 CCH, 26 (29.6%) underwent ONS surgery, of whom 13/26 (50.0%) failed because lack of response. ONS failure group had an earlier headache onset (mean ± SD) of 27.7 ± 6.9 vs. 36.7 ± 11.8 years, p = 0.026) and a higher smoking rate (100% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.006). Stational fluctuations (58.3% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.007) and nocturnal exacerbations (91.7% vs. 53.9%, p = 0.035) were more frequent in the ONS failure group as well. There was no difference between groups in diagnostic delay, years of evolution prior to surgery, mental illness, comorbidity with other headache disorders or chronic pain conditions or prior response to occipital nerves anesthetic blocks.

Conclusions

Some clinical features such as an early debut, smoking and seasonal or circadian fluctuations could be related to failure of ONS in refractory CCH.