bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sanksi Hukum terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi Berdasarkan Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Rahmayanti Rahmayanti
Published: October 2018

Undang-Undang tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi hanya diatur tentang korupsi material dan keuangan. Pasal 2 UU No. 31 Tahun 1999 yang disempurnakan dengan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2001 terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi bagi penyelenggara negara dalam perspektif hukum Islam dilaksanakan karena sesuai dan sejalan dengan maqasid al-tasyri’ dalam artian tetap mempertimbangkan kepentingan umum yang berorientasi pada kemaslahatan dan menolak segala kemungkaran. Oleh karena itu, yang menjadi pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah sanksi hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi menurut hukum positif di Indonesia dalam hukum. Teori hukum pidana Islam yaitu mengenai pembagian dan operasionalisasi jinayah atau jarimah serta penerapan sanksi-sanksinya. Untuk memberantas korupsi ada empat usaha yang harus segera dilakukan, yaitu: pertama, Memaksimalkan hukuman. Hukuman dalam bentuk fisik perlu diwacanakan dan kalau bisa diterapkan bahkan kalau perlu sampai hukuman mati. Kedua, Penegakan Supremasi Hukum. Hukum harus tegak dan diberlakukan adil tanpa pandang bulu termasuk kalaupun korupsi dilakukan oleh para pejabat tinggi yang memiliki power dan pengaruh yang kuat. Ketiga, Perubahan dan perbaikan sistem. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan, korupsi pada umumnya dilakukan oleh orang yang memiliki kekuasaan dalam suatu jabatan sehingga karakteristik kejahatan korupsi selalu berkaitan dengan penyalahgunaan kekuasaan, dalam perspektif kejahatan yang terorganisir.
‘Is Anthropology Legal?’
Authors: Yuill Cassandra
Published: October 2018

Abstract

In May 2018, the European Union (EU) introduced the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) with the aim of increasing transparency in data processing and enhancing the rights of data subjects. Within anthropology, concerns have been raised about how the new legislation will affect ethnographic fieldwork and whether the laws contradict the discipline’s core tenets. To address these questions, the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) at the University of London hosted an event on 25 May 2018 entitled ‘Is Anthropology Legal?’, bringing together researchers and data managers to begin a dialogue about the future of anthropological work in the context of the GDPR. In this article, I report and reflect on the event and on the possible implications for anthropological research within this climate of increasing governance.
Efficiency and the Rebound Effect in the Hegemonic Discourse on Energy
Authors: Ruzzenenti Franco , Wagner Aleksandra
Published: October 2018

The aim of the article is to discuss the unintended consequences of energy efficiency, in the context of defuturization, by addressing the phenomenon of the rebound effect. The energy discourse is presented as ideological discourse protecting the status quo, even if it contemplates alternatives solutions. The interpretation of energy efficiency in the light of the Luhmannian concept of temporal structures in the modern society is proposed, and two types of expert narratives on the rebound effect are outlined: the mechanistic rebound effect and the systemic Jevons paradox. Finally, we explain why none of them are noticeably reflected in public discourse on energy policy and are limited to the scientific milieu.
Rethinking Adaptation
Authors: Davidson Debra J.
Published: October 2018

Understanding that climate change poses considerable threats for social systems, to which we must adapt in order to survive, social responses to climate change should be viewed in the context of evolution, which entails the variation, selection, and retention of information. Digging deeper into evolutionary theory, however, emotions play a surprisingly prominent role in adaptation. This article offers an explicitly historical, nondirectional conceptualization of our potential evolutionary pathways in response to climate change. Emotions emerge from the intersection of culture and biology to guide the degree of variation of knowledge to which we have access, the selection of knowledge, and the retention of that knowledge in new (or old) practices. I delve into multiple fields of scholarship on emotions, describing several important considerations for understanding social responses to climate change: emotions are shared, play a central role in decision-making, and simultaneously derive from past evolutionary processes and define future evolutionary processes.
PERSPECTIVAS NO ENSINO DE CÁLCULO EM UM CURSO DE ENGENHARIA AMBIENTAL
Authors: Richit Adriana , Mocrosky Luciane Ferreira
Published: October 2018

O artigo analisa as perspectivas relativas ao ensino de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral em um curso de Engenharia Ambiental e o modo como estas abordagens permeiam a formação acadêmica e profissional dos estudantes do referido Curso. Para tanto analisamos as diretrizes curriculares de um Curso de Engenharia Ambiental de uma universidade pública federal, situada na região Sul do Brasil, aplicamos questionários a estudantes que cursavam Cálculo Diferencial e Integral I, assim como examinamos situações-problema exploradas em Cálculo I. A pesquisa, desenvolvida na perspectiva qualitativa e interpretativa, evidenciou, por um lado, que as diretrizes curriculares do Curso sugerem a articulação entre as diferentes componentes curriculares do Curso e atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, embora este documento não explicita como esta articulação pode ser concretizada em termos pedagógicos. Por outro, na visão dos estudantes, o Cálculo é fundamental na sua formação, visto que possibilita projetar, modificar, solucionar problemas e melhorar a organização do meio, concretizando-se por meio de duas perspectivas: o desenvolvimento de conceitos e ferramentas do Cálculo e na aplicação destes conceitos em situações específicas da área, conforme evidenciado nas situações-problema analisadas. Além disso, as análises mostram que há desafios a serem superados na organização dos currículos dos cursos de engenharia e nas práticas de sala de aula para que o Cálculo, assim como outras componentes curriculares, seja entendido como uma importante dimensão da formação profissional desses estudantes.
IMPLICAÇÕES POLÍTICO-AXIOLÓGICAS DO ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Roseira Nilson Antonio Ferreira
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo apresento os resultados de um estudo através do qual me propôs compreender o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Matemática numa perspectiva político-axiológica. Para tanto, adotei como categorias de análises as perspectivas filosófico-epistemológicas, axiológica – representadas pelos valores matemáticos do racionalismo, objetismo, controle, progresso e abertura – e de contextualização deste processo. Quanto à metodologia adotei uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, utilizando a observação participante e a entrevista semiestruturada como técnicas de coletas de dados. A análise da realidade investigada mostrou que as práticas pedagógicas dos professores apresentam um sentido político conservador, o qual atua reforçando o conformismo, a não criticidade, a ilusão da neutralidade política da Matemática e do seu ensino, a falta de visão dos alunos para com o contexto sociopolítico e a ausência de diálogos, aspectos estes responsáveis por estabelecer as condições para que ocorram implicações negativas à formação de sujeitos autônomos e participantes de uma sociedade democrática.
Preparation, Characterisation, Crystal Structure and Antibacterial Activity of two Bis-Schiff Bases Containing a Piperazine Ring
Authors: Xu Rui-bo , Yang Xiao-tian , Li Hai-nan , Zhao Peng-cheng , Li Jiao-jiao , Zhao Yu-xia
Published: October 2018

Two new bis-Schiff bases containing a piperazine ring, N,N‘-bis(4-chlorobenzylidene)- and N,N‘-bis(4-cyanobenzylidene)-1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine, were prepared by the reaction of N,N‘-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine with 4-chloro- and 4-cyanobenzaldehyde, respectively. The dichloro compound was fully identified by X-ray crystallography and it exhibited good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.
El product placement en el videoclip: análisis de contenido del emplazamiento de marca en los vídeos musicales preferidos por los usuarios de YouTube
Authors: Pérez Rufí José Patricio , Navarrete Cardero José Luis , Gómez Pérez Francisco Javier
Published: October 2018

Esta investigación estudia el emplazamiento de productos en el videoclip musical con mayor número de reproducciones en YouTube en el plazo de un mes. Entendemos el product placement como una técnica que mezcla diversas estrategias de comunicación publicitaria a partir de su presencia en el discurso audiovisual. Nuestro objetivo principal es conocer de qué forma se utiliza esta técnica de comunicación comercial en el formato del vídeo musical. Intentamos igualmente determinar su idoneidad para la transmisión de un mensaje comercial. Para lograr estos objetivos, realizamos un análisis de contenido de los 50 vídeos musicales con mayor número de reproducciones en YouTube durante el mes de enero de 2013. Aplicamos una metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa basada en la propuesta de Méndiz que enumera y valora la presencia de marcas. El análisis concluye que se trata de una estrategia comercial extraordinariamente frecuente, aunque no todos los vídeos resultan apropiados para ello. De igual forma, determinadas marcas y productos encuentran en el videoclip una vía idónea para introducir sus novedades en el mercado. La proximidad con el lenguaje del anuncio de televisión perjudica la credibilidad del discurso.
Corporate social responsibility and Pink Ribbon Campaigns. The case of the Spanish beauty and fashion brands
Authors: Tur-Viñes Victoria , Llopis-Ripoll Carolina , Monserrat-Gauchi Juan
Published: October 2018

Se presentan los resultados del estudio de caso de seis firmas españolas de belleza y moda con acciones “lazo rosa”. Las acciones de lazo rosa son aquellas vinculadas con la investigación, prevención y tratamiento del cáncer de mama. Están enmarcadas dentro de la política de responsabilidad social (RS) de las empresas. Los resultados demuestran el compromiso social de dichas empresas pero evidencian que tanto el tipo de gestión como la comunicación de estas iniciativas no parecen consolidados y carecen de un planteamiento estratégico a largo plazo.
La construcción narrativa de la realidad cotidiana. Una revisión desde los media frames
Authors: Sola-Morales Salomé
Published: October 2018

El objetivo principal de este ensayo científico es presentar una revisión argumentada acerca de los media frames y cuestionar el vínculo entre los medios de comunicación y la realidad cotidiana. En primer lugar, ofrecemos algunas claves teórico-comprensivas que nos permiten esbozar los fundamentos ontológicos de la realidad cotidiana. En segundo lugar, ponemos de manifiesto el carácter subjetivo, comunicativo y narrativo de la misma, obviado por algunas propuestas teóricas. En tercer lugar, analizamos la incidencia de los medios de comunicación en la construcción de la realidad. En cuarto lugar, subrayamos el alcance de los media frames, tanto en la fase de configuración mediática (producción) como en la de refiguración (recepción). Finalmente, a modo de conclusión, remarcamos la necesidad de cuestionar interesantes interrogantes que este campo de estudio aún plantea.
El sector publicitario a examen: comparativa Valladolid-Castilla y León-España
Authors: Gómez Nieto Begoña , Benito Vielba Cristina
Published: October 2018

El siguiente artículo se centra en el análisis del sector publicitario (compuesto en su mayoría por pymes) en Castilla y León y concretamente en Valladolid. Se define el sector de la comunicación y la publicidad, la tipología de empresas que ofrecen estos servicios y, en última instancia, la actitud y el comportamiento de las pymes hacia los mismos. Como metodología, se desarrolla una investigación de tipo cuantitativo, concretamente se utiliza la encuesta con cuestionario autoadministrado. Entre los resultados más relevantes destacan: el sector alimentación se consolida como el sector que más invierte en publicidad, los profesionales del sector publicitario analizado poseen formación específica e Internet se conforma como el medio más solicitado por las pymes.
Cyber Community, Cyber Cultures : Arsitektur Sosial Baru Masyarakat Modern
Authors: Prasetyo Hendri
Published: October 2018

Cyberspace is a brave new world that cretaes a new cultural form comes from daily life interaction among the user by computer network technology. People creates selves through social interactions and built sense of community – virtual community. Meaning and reality that constructed and shared within the cyberspace turns to cybercultures containing the feelings, attitude, emotional and pattern of behavior – also specific communication behavior. Pattern of pattern behavior existing a set of norms, value that maintaining through continuous interaction and become a social map of meaning. This paper try to capture cyberspace and cybercultures from Gidden’s structurations stand point that view a user as an agent that constructing meaning and subjective reality of cyberspace with their cultural perspective. It’s offering a unique phenomena when people from different culture dealing with cyberspace activity and creating specific cybercultures.

Keywords: Cyberspace, Cyber Community
Quality improvement of health care in Iraq
Authors: Alsamarai Abdulghani   Alsamarai , Bashir Alaa
Published: October 2018

Iraqi health care experts documented that hundreds of patients die each year because of hospitals failures to adhere consistently to standard procedures of safe and effective medical care. The routine hospital care improvement is public health imperative. High quality health care [safe, effective, patient – centered, timely, equitable and efficient] is should be provided for all population. Unfortunately, the growing literature and health care professions documents a serious problem in health care delivery in Iraq, for example: Unnecessary surgery: Such as increased numbers of cesarean section with time; increasing numbers of operation for appendectomy (most of them in is later found to be normal).; High morbidity and mortality following surgery.; Inappropriate use of medications.; Inadequate prevention of diseases.; Avoidable exacerbation of chronic conditions, Malpractice, lack of accreditation and licensing system, malpractice in private pharmacy, drugs irrational use, absence of referral system, short consultation time, no consistent medical record system, no clinical standards in health care providing, fail to maintain sanitation in public health care services, non existence of quality control programs in hospital and health care centers, and non effective diseases prevention and control programs
Association of Human Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus with Breast Cancer
Authors: Alsamarai Abdulghani Mohamed
Published: October 2018

Breast cancer forms the most common cancer in women worldwide [1,2] and in Arab countries [3]. Breast cancer accounts for about 1/3 of the registered female cancer in Iraq [4] and with incidence rate of 31.1/ 100 000 in Iraqi women , while it was 18.4 for Iran, 22.4 for Saudi Arabia, 23.0 for Syria, 28.3 for Turkey, 47.0 for Jordan, and 47.7 for Kuwait [5,6]. Recent study in Iraq reported a trend for breast cancer to affect younger age group [7]. This study shows that the highest frequency of breast cancer (32.4%) was in women with age of 21-30 years. Unfortunately, 79.7% of breast cancer cases were in women with age of ≤ 40 years. In addition, 14.9% of breast cancer cases were in women with age of 16-18 years and 52.7% were in those with age of ≤ 30 years. This age shift pattern of breast cancer in Iraqi women was not consistent with previous studies in Iraq [6-12], Arab countries and globally [13,14]. The peak frequency of our study was 21-30 years, while previous studies in Iraq [15-21] indicated that breast cancer frequency peak was in fifth decade of life, in Asian countries in 40-50 years and it was 60-70 years in Western countries [22].
Study of Pathogenic Bacterial Isolates from Patients with Skin Infections and their susceptibility to Antibiotics in Some Hospitals in Taiz City-Yemen
Authors: Al-Jendy Ahmed
Published: October 2018

Background: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are commonly encountered in clinical practice, the spectrum of the causative bacterial agent changes constantly and so does their antibiotics.

Aim: This study was carried out to investigate the incidence of different aerobic bacteria isolates.

Materials and methods: Samples were collected from patients with skin infections at a local Hospital in Taiz City, Yemen. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period between January to December 2014. A pus specimens were collected aseptically from 130 cases of skin and soft tissue infections in the sterile condition and cultured on blood agar, MacConkey agar and mannitol-salt agar media. After growing and staining of bacteria by gram stain, bacteria were cultured in differentiated media, strains that were isolated, undergo antibiotic susceptibility test by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.

Results: From a total of 130 swabs collected, 89 (68. 5%) were with bacterial growth : gram positive bacteria form [57 (64%)], while gram negative bacteria were [32 (36%)], common aerobic bacterial pathogens were: S. aureus[30 (33.7%)], S. epidermidis [18 (20.2%)], P. aeruginosa [14 (15.9%)], S. pyogenes [9 (10.1%)], E. coli [8 (8.9%)], K. Pneumoniae [6 (6.7%)], P. mirabilis [4 (4.5%)]. These results showed that in vitro antibiotic susceptibility tests among gram positive cocci susceptibility was highest to Vancomycin, Fusidic acid (except S. pyogenes) and Ciprofloxacin. Among gram negative bacilli Gentamycin, Chloramphenicol and Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was high, however, all Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to Penicillin, Ampicillin, and Tetracycline. Additionally, all Proteus mirabilis isolates were resistant to Erythromycin and Penicillin.

Conclusion: This study indicated that the multi drug resistance (MDR) of bacterial organisms were alarming for increase in skin infections .
Problem based learning (PBL) in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Alobaidi Amina
Published: October 2018

Background: PBL appears to answer many concerns regarding educational methods, encourages students to look for new solutions to relevant problems using available knowledge and resources. The process expands students' critical thinking and problem solving skills while enhancing their creative capabilities

Objective: To develop a PBL modules for teaching of organic chemistry.

Methods: This module was developed for implementation in the curriculum of Chemistry Departments in Colleges of Sciences and Education. This is an innovations to be developed for increasing the wide-ranging abilities of students. A series of strategies which are involved in PBL, concept mapping and online communications, are suggested and discussed in terms of encouraging student-centered learning.
Book Review
Authors: Alsamarai Mohamed
Published: October 2018

The focus on modelling in practice encourages the reader to think like a researcher, and consider how modelling can be used to probe questions of interest

Clear, articulate writing style gives clarity to an often daunting subject

Case studies demonstrate the use of modelling in practice, to give the reader a real insight into the application of modelling in real situations

Numerous end of chapter problems and web-based tasks encourage the student to engage with the subject more deeply, to build a better understanding of the concepts presented
Genotyping and Antifungal Vulnerability of Candida albicans Isolated from Cancer Patients in Dewaniyeh Governorate.
Authors: Shalash Radhi F , Al-Hamdani Adnan
Published: October 2018

Background: Candida infections are one of the major causes of morbidity in cancer patients.

Aim: To determine the genotype and antifungal susceptibility of C. albicans isolated from cancer patients and compared with that from healthy individuals.

Materials and methods: Oral swabs collected from cancer patients and healthy subjects were screened for the occurrence of C. albicans. Isolates were identified to species level by the conventional mycological methods. Genotypes were determined with use of 25S rDNA PCR analysis. Susceptibility testing was performed using HiCombo MIC technique.

Results: Phenotypic examination showed that oral C. albicans was detected in 90% of cancer patients and 50% of healthy controls. PCR shows that the isolates of A, B, C and T genotypes, among which genotype A C. albicans was the predominant genotype. Genotype A C. albicans recognized the entirely isolates in healthy group. Isolates were most sensitive to amphotericin B. Occurrence of resistance to amphotericin B was the lowest followed by itraconazole. However, the isolates demonstrated a high rate of resistance to ketoconazole and fluconazole.

Conclusion: Based on these results, 25S rDNA have been shown to be a useful criterion for distinguishing among various isolates of C. albicans. Amphotericin B is effective antifungal agents that can be used against isolates.
Problem Based Learning in Teaching Chemistry: Proposed Module for Teaching Analytical Chemistry.
Authors: Alobaidi Amina , Alsalihi Ferah , Amine Seham
Published: October 2018

Problem based learning [PBL] approach for 3rd year students in the department of Chemistry, College of Science in the analytical chemistry course. The activities involved cover the area of analytical chemistry and students must use their judgment in order to come to an acceptable conclusion. It is possible to compare this course with a conventional parallel course and to monitor the longer-term effects of students’ approaches to studying.
Studio fenomenologico sul vissuto esperienziale dei genitori di bambini ricoverati in una Terapia Intensiva di cardiochirurgia: comprendere per aiutare
Authors: Simeone Silvio , Guillari Assunta , Perrone Marco , Pucciarelli Gianluca , Dell’Angelo Grazia , Gargiulo Gianpaolo , Comentale Giuseppe , Palma Gaetano , Rea Teresa
Published: October 2018

Introduction: heart defects are very common in the paediatric age group; parents often discover these pathologies after birth and learn that heart surgery is the only solution. The hospitalisation of your child in an intensive care system involves high levels of stress, anxiety, depression. Nurses take an active role in assisting the young patient but also in taking care of the entire family unit. Objective: the aim of the study was to describe the experience of the parents of children admitted to a cardiac surgery unit. Method: phenomenological hermeneutic plan according to Cohen. Results: from the analysis of 16 interviews 3 main themes emerged: fear for the possible loss of one’s child; the feeling of having lost the role of parent and the need to receive more information in order to be an active part in the treatment process. Conclusions: The hospitalisation of a child in an Intensive Care unit and, specifically, a cardiac surgery intensive care unit, requires care staff to take charge of the entire family unit. Nurses are the first professionals from whom parents expect this involvement. This study offers a glimpse into the experience of parents who have their child admitted to an intensive cardiac surgery; furthermore, it can be the starting point for further research aimed at the holistic harmonisation between the dyad (family and child) often unjustly split during intensive care hospitalisation.
Paradoja de la minería y pobreza en el Perú
Authors: Asencios Trujillo Lida Violeta
Published: October 2018

Se hace una revisión y análisis de la minería en el Perú su importancia en el crecimiento económico, la generación de trabajo y cómo esto contribuye con la reducción o el incremento de la pobreza. Se describen los porcentajes de exportación e importe del sector minero en el país y se analiza en función a la pobreza que existe en cada departamento. Específicamente, se hace referencia a factores que de una u otra manera posibilitan el mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida del ciudadano haciendo buena inversión y atendiendo a las necesidades de la gente o simplemente si no se implementa, tiene una enorme repercusión en la pobreza de los ciudadanos. Se señalan específicamente algunos departamentos del país donde existe mayor explotación minera, pero también mayor crecimiento de pobreza, evidenciando la paradoja que existe en estos dos fenómenos.
Efectividad de la docencia y actitud hacia la lectura en estudiantes de educación primaria
Authors: Céspedes Arosemena María Isabel
Published: October 2018

Se presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo fue determinar la relación existente entre efectividad de la docencia y actitud hacia la lectura en estudiantes de 5° y 6° grado educación primaria. El diseño de investigación fue el correlacional, se utilizaron como instrumento de evaluación la escala de Opinión de los Estudiantes sobre la Efectividad de la Docencia (EOEED) en Educación Superior, elaborado por Rocha (2013), Escala de 17 ítems para recabar la valoración de los alumnos sobre el docente y el cuestionario de Actitudes hacia la Lectura elaborado por Cubas (2007), cada afirmación tiene dos alternativas de respuesta: “De acuerdo” y “En desacuerdo”. La muestra estuvo constituido por 80 estudiantes de educación primaria de la Institución Educativa N° 1522 Miguel Grau Pucala-Lambayeque. El análisis de los datos permiten concluir que existe una relación estadísticamente significativa entre efectividad de la docencia y actitud hacia la lectura en estudiantes de 5° y 6° grado educaciónprimaria.
Estilos educativos parentales y resiliencia en adolescentes de la Institución Educativa Pública “Colegio Mayor Secundario Presidente del Perú”
Authors: Román Jesús Marquina Luján
Published: October 2018

La presente investigación de tipo descriptivo-correlacional tuvo como objetivos describir los niveles de resiliencia en los adolescentes del Colegio Mayor Secundario Presidente del Perú  y describir los estilos educativos parentales que percibían en sus hogares, así como la relación existente entre dichas variables. La muestra fue de 900 estudiantes, evaluados por las escalas de resiliencia (ER) y de normas y exigencias (ENE-H); estas fueron sometidas al análisis factorial de Kayser-Meyer-Oklin (KMO), dándonos valores de 0.860 para la versión padre y 0.844 para la versión madre; La escala de resiliencia obtuvo un KMO 0.904. Los resultados del test de Bartlett dieron una p= 0.000; indicando que existe alta significación. El Alfa de Cronbach dio un valor de 0.722 y 0.706 para la (ENE-H) para padres y madres respectivamente; mientras la fiabilidad de (ER) proporcionó un valor de 0.820; caracterizándolas como altamente confiables. Los resultados indican que con una p=0,000, se demuestra la existencia de relación directa y muy significativa entre la resiliencia y el estilo educativo parental inductivo.
Liderazgo y cultura en las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Asencios Trujillo Lida Violeta
Published: October 2018

El artículo se centra en la descripción sobre liderazgo educativo en instituciones de educación superior, y más específicamente, sobre las acciones que se realizan como la gestión total, la planificación estratégica, los beneficios de un liderazgo efectivo, como factor decisivo para la eficacia en el funcionamiento de las instituciones educativas. Se analiza el concepto de liderazgo educativo, como proceso complejo que requiere la mayor flexibilidad y equivalencia entre la planificación, la organización y, sobre todo, el control de actividades y procesos. Finalmente se hace mención a las acciones que realiza el docente como un líder educativo haciendo mención de algunos estudios que demuestran que la calidad docente es el factor de mayor impacto en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Ante ello, es necesario la creación de nuevos líderes en la docencia para que provoque nuevas formas de aprendizaje en todos losestudiantes del medio.
La importancia de los MOOC en la educación universitaria
Authors: Asencios Trujillo Asencios Trujillo
Published: October 2018

En el artículo se describen la importancia de los MOOC en el sistema educativo de todos los niveles, se hace referencia a la falta de interés en nuestro medio, sobre todo en las instituciones públicas, de querer implementar este sistema, está comprobado que es una alternativa para muchos estudiantes y profesionales, sin embargo, la falta de conocimientos de las autoridades o el desinterés hace que aún no se implementen en muchas instituciones académicas. Se describen las características más resaltantes de los MOOCs las cuales hacen referencia de las bondades de este sistema. También se describe la importancia para el aprendizaje en la sociedad del conocimiento y, finalmente se da a conocer algunas de las instituciones que contribuyen en el aprendizaje a través de su plataforma o uso del MOOC. Con lo cual le hace más conocidos en cualquier parte del mundo, debido a su característica de modalidad, rapidez, y mejor sin ellos.
Local Cancer Recurrence: The Realities, Challenges, and Opportunities for New Therapies
Authors: Mahvi David A. , Liu Rong , Grinstaff Mark W. , Colson Yolonda L. , Raut Chandrajit P.
Published: October 2018

Locoregional recurrence negatively impacts both long‐term survival and quality of life for several malignancies. For appropriate‐risk patients with an isolated, resectable, local recurrence, surgery represents the only potentially curative therapy. However, oncologic outcomes remain inferior for patients with locally recurrent disease even after macroscopically complete resection. Unfortunately, these operations are often extensive, with significant perioperative morbidity and mortality. This review highlights selected malignancies (mesothelioma, sarcoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, rectal cancer, and peritoneal surface malignancies) in which surgical resection is a key treatment modality and local recurrence plays a significant role in overall oncologic outcome with regard to survival and quality of life. For each type of cancer, the current, state‐of‐the‐art treatment strategies and their outcomes are assessed. The need for additional therapeutic options is presented given the limitations of the current standard therapies. New and emerging treatment modalities, including polymer films and nanoparticles, are highlighted as potential future solutions for both prevention and treatment of locally recurrent cancers. Finally, the authors identify additional clinical and research opportunities and propose future research strategies based on the various patterns of local recurrence among the different cancers.
Loud Ladies: Deterritorialising Femininity through Becoming-Animal
Authors: Morris Bethany
Published: October 2018

Modern feminist movements run the risk of being appropriated by capitalist agenda and commodified for mass appeal, thus stripping them of their revolutionary potential. I would propose that in order for feminism to challenge this, movements may want to consider the subversion of subjectivity. Deleuze and Guattari's notions of becoming-animal and becoming-woman emphasise a subjectivity not confined by rigid identity, such as man/woman. However, feminists have challenged this theory, suggesting it is difficult to both fight for and dispel the very same notion, that is, woman. I argue that in first considering the feminine subject via the Lacanian understanding of ‘Woman’, it can be argued that feminine subjects can engage with becoming-animal to destabilise the notion of ‘Woman’. Riot Grrls, FEMEN and Pussy Riot all demonstrate tactics which could be said to utilise becoming-animal and have had varying success in avoiding commodification.
Gilles Deleuze and Donna Haraway on Fabulating the Earth
Authors: Wiame Aline
Published: October 2018

Inspired by Ursula Le Guin's ‘The Carrier Bag Theory of Fiction’, contemporary feminist writing in the social sciences and the humanities has been characterised by a strong renewal of interest in storytelling, as is evidenced by the works of Anna Tsing and Donna Haraway among others. How can storytelling grow with and beyond its literary origin to become a political and heuristic tool? And how does the Anthropocene – our specific geologic epoch – require the renewal of the means of expression of such an old tool as storytelling, so that it becomes a human and nonhuman process? To answer those questions, Deleuze's and Haraway's takes on ‘fabulation’ are intermingled along three lines: the part played by storytelling in the construction of earthly knowledges, the imbrication of speculation and politics, and the nonhuman dimension of fabulation that allows for the liberation of forces of life repressed by an anthropocentric approach.
LSTM Accelerator for Convolutional Object Identification
Authors: Savvopoulos Alkiviadis , Kanavos Andreas , Mylonas Phivos , Sioutas Spyros
Published: October 2018

Deep Learning has dramatically advanced the state of the art in vision, speech and many other areas. Recently, numerous deep learning algorithms have been proposed to solve traditional artificial intelligence problems. In this paper, in order to detect the version that can provide the best trade-off in terms of time and accuracy, convolutional networks of various depths have been implemented. Batch normalization is also considered since it acts as a regularizer and achieves the same accuracy with fewer training steps. For maximizing the yield of the complexity by diminishing, as well as minimizing the loss of accuracy, LSTM neural net layers are utilized in the process. The image sequences are proven to be classified by the LSTM in a more accelerated manner, while managing better precision. Concretely, the more complex the CNN, the higher the percentages of exactitude; in addition, but for the high-rank increase in accuracy, the time was significantly decreased, which eventually rendered the trade-off optimal. The average improvement of performance for all models regarding both datasets used amounted to 42 % .
Spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) Response to Salinity: Nutritional Value, Physiological Parameters, Antioxidant Capacity, and Gene Expression
Authors: Ferreira Jorge F. S. , Sandhu Devinder , Liu Xuan , Halvorson Jonathan J.
Published: October 2018

Scarcity of good-quality irrigation water is a major impediment to meet food demand for a growing world population. Recycled waters may be available locally more affordably, but their higher salinity is a concern. Salinity effects on spinach mineral composition, antioxidant capacity, photosynthesis, and gene expression have not been established. Spinach cv. Raccoon was greenhouse-grown and irrigated with four levels of water salinity of electrical conductivities (ECiw) of 1.4 (control) or ranging from 3.6 to 9.4 dS m−1, combined with three levels of K (3, 5, and 7 meq L−1). Irrigation waters had 2, 20, 40, and 80 meq L−1 of NaCl. After 23 treatment days, plants significantly accumulated Na and Cl in shoots and roots with increasing salinity, regardless of the K concentration in the irrigation water. Plants exhibited no visual symptoms of salt toxicity and there were no differences in shoot growth. Plants maintained their overall concentrations of mineral nutrients, physiological parameters, and oxalic acid across salinity treatments. Leaves retained all their antioxidant capacity at 20 meq L−1 NaCl, and 74% to 66% at 40 and 80 meq L−1 NaCl, respectively. Expression analyses of ten genes, that play important role in salt tolerance, indicated that although some genes were upregulated in plants under salinity, compared to the control, there was no association between Na or K tissue concentrations and gene expression. Results clearly show that spinach maintains its growth, mineral composition, and antioxidant capacity up to ECiw = 9.4 dS m−1. As this salinity is equivalent to a soil salinity of 4.5 dS m−1, spinach can tolerate over two-fold its previously-considered salinity threshold. Thus, growers can cultivate spinach using recycled, saline, waters without detriment to shoot biomass accumulation, and nutritional value.
High Resolution Computer-Generated Rainbow Hologram
Authors: Yamaguchi Takeshi , Yoshikawa Hiroshi
Published: October 2018

We have developed an output device for a computer-generated hologram (CGH) named a fringe printer, which can output a 0.35- μ m plane-type hologram. We also proposed several CGH with a fringe printer. A computer-generated rainbow hologram (CGRH), which can reconstruct a full color 3D image, is one of our proposed CGH. The resolution of CGRH becomes huge (over 50 Gpixels) due to improvement of the fringe printer. In the calculation, it is difficult to calculate the whole fringe pattern of CGRH at the same time by a general PC. Furthermore, since the fine pixel pitch provides a wide viewing angle in CGRH, object data, which are used in fringe calculation, should be created from many viewpoints to provide a proper hidden surface removal process. The fringe pattern of CGRH is calculated in each horizontal block. Therefore, the object data from several view points should be organized for efficient computation. This paper describes the calculation algorithm for huge resolution CGRH and its output results.
Closing the N-Budget: How Simulated Groundwater-Borne Nitrate Supply Affects Plant Growth and Greenhouse Gas Emissions on Temperate Grassland
Authors: Liebermann Ralf , Breuer Lutz , Houska Tobias , Klatt Steffen , Kraus David , Haas Edwin , Müller Christoph , Kraft Philipp
Published: October 2018

European groundwater reservoirs are frequently subject to reactive nitrogen pollution (Nr) owing to the intensive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and animal manure in agriculture. Besides its risk on human health, groundwater Nr loading also affects the carbon (C) and N cycle of associated ecosystems. For a temperate grassland in Germany, the long-term (12 years) annual average exports of Nr in form of harvest exceeded Nr inputs via fertilization and deposition by more than 50 kgN ha−1. We hypothesize that the resulting deficit in the N budget of the plant-soil system could be closed by Nr input via the groundwater. To test this hypothesis, the ecosystem model LandscapeDNDC was used to simulate the C and N cycle of the respective grassland under different model setups, i.e., with and without additional Nr inputs via groundwater transport. Simulated plant nitrate uptake compensated the measured N deficit for 2 of 3 plots and lead to substantial improvements regarding the match between simulated and observed plant biomass and CO2 emission. This suggests that the C and N cycle of the investigated grassland were influenced by Nr inputs via groundwater transport. We also found that inputs of nitrate-rich groundwater increased the modelled nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, while soil water content was not affected.
The Identification of Iran’s Moisture Sources Using a Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model
Authors: Heydarizad Mojtaba , Raeisi Ezzat , Sori Rogert , Gimeno Luis
Published: October 2018

Iran has faced many water shortage crises in the past. Iran’s moisture sources for precipitation were identified by Lagrangian approach using the FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model (FLEXPART) v9.0 model. The results demonstrate that Iran receives its moisture from both continental and oceanic sources. During the wet season, moisture uptake from the Arabian Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Mediterranean Sea is dominant, while during the dry season, the role of the Red Sea, the Caspian Sea, and the Persian Gulf is intensified. Studying drought conditions by comparing 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month standardized precipitation index (SPI) with (E-P) values of oceanic and continental moisture sources (E stands for the evaporation and P the precipitation) using multiregression model demonstrates that among oceanic sources the Arabian Sea, the Persian Gulf, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Indian Ocean affect SPI values and among continental sources, moisture from bare grounds and cultivated lands influences SPI values during wet season. However, no correlation exists between oceanic and continental (E-P) and SPI values during the dry season. The results obtained by this study can be used by meteorologists and hydrology scientists for future water management programmes in Iran.
Data Stream Clustering Techniques, Applications, and Models: Comparative Analysis and Discussion
Authors: Kokate Umesh , Deshpande Arvind , Mahalle Parikshit , Patil Pramod
Published: October 2018

Data growth in today’s world is exponential, many applications generate huge amount of data streams at very high speed such as smart grids, sensor networks, video surveillance, financial systems, medical science data, web click streams, network data, etc. In the case of traditional data mining, the data set is generally static in nature and available many times for processing and analysis. However, data stream mining has to satisfy constraints related to real-time response, bounded and limited memory, single-pass, and concept-drift detection. The main problem is identifying the hidden pattern and knowledge for understanding the context for identifying trends from continuous data streams. In this paper, various data stream methods and algorithms are reviewed and evaluated on standard synthetic data streams and real-life data streams. Density-micro clustering and density-grid-based clustering algorithms are discussed and comparative analysis in terms of various internal and external clustering evaluation methods is performed. It was observed that a single algorithm cannot satisfy all the performance measures. The performance of these data stream clustering algorithms is domain-specific and requires many parameters for density and noise thresholds.
Nafamostat Mesilate Enhances the Radiosensitivity and Reduces the Radiation-Induced Invasive Ability of Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Sugano Hiroshi , Shirai Yoshihiro , Horiuchi Takashi , Saito Nobuhiro , Shimada Yohta , Eto Ken , Uwagawa Tadashi , Ohashi Toya , Yanaga Katsuhiko
Published: October 2018

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer. However, several studies have reported that ionizing radiation (IR) activates nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) that causes radioresistance and induces matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9, which promote tumor migration and invasion. Nafamostat mesilate (FUT175), a synthetic serine protease inhibitor, enhances the chemosensitivity to cytotoxic agents in digestive system cancer cells by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Therefore, we evaluated the combined effect of IR and FUT175 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. IR-induced upregulation of intranuclear NF-κB, FUT175 counteracted this effect. Moreover, the combination treatment suppressed cell viability and induced apoptosis. Similar effects were also observed in xenograft tumors. In addition, FUT175 prevented the migration and invasion of cancer cells caused by IR by downregulating the enzymatic activity of MMP-2/-9. In conclusion, FUT175 enhances the anti-tumor effect of radiotherapy through downregulation of NF-κB and reduces IR-induced tumor invasiveness by directly inhibiting MMP-2/-9 in CRC cells. Therefore, the use of FUT175 during radiotherapy might improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in patients with CRC.
Impact of HACA on Immunomodulation and Treatment Toxicity Following ch14.18/CHO Long-Term Infusion with Interleukin-2: Results from a SIOPEN Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Siebert Nikolai , Troschke-Meurer Sascha , Marx Madlen , Zumpe Maxi , Ehlert Karoline , Gray Juliet , Garaventa Alberto , Manzitti Carla , Ash Shifra , Klingebiel Thomas , Beck James , Castel Victoria , Valteau-Couanet Dominique , Loibner Hans , Ladenstein Ruth , Lode Holger N.
Published: October 2018

GD2-directed immunotherapies improve survival of high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) patients (pts). Treatment with chimeric anti-GD2 antibodies (Ab), such as ch14.18, can induce development of human anti-chimeric Ab (HACA). Here, we report HACA effects on ch14.18/CHO pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pain intensity in pts treated by long-term infusion (LTI) of ch14.18/CHO combined with IL-2. 124 pts received up to 5 cycles of ch14.18/CHO 10 days (d) infusion (10 mg/m2/d; d8–18) combined with s.c. IL-2 (6 × 106 IU/m2/d; d1–5, d8–12). HACA, treatment toxicity, ch14.18/CHO levels, Ab-dependent cellular- (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) were assessed using respective validated assays. HACA-negative pts showed a steadily decreased pain in cycle 1 (74% pts without morphine by d5 of LTI) with further decrease in subsequent cycles. Ch14.18/CHO peak concentrations of 11.26 ± 0.50 µg/mL found in cycle 1 were further elevated in subsequent cycles and resulted in robust GD2-specific CDC and ADCC. Development of HACA (21% of pts) resulted in strong reduction of ch14.18/CHO levels, abrogated CDC and ADCC. Surprisingly, no difference in pain toxicity between HACA-positive and -negative pts was found. In conclusion, ch14.18/CHO LTI combined with IL-2 results in strong activation of Ab effector functions. Importantly, HACA response abrogated CDC but did not affect pain intensity indicating CDC-independent pain induction.
Combined Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates as Biocatalysts
Authors: Xu Meng-Qiu , Wang Shuang-Shuang , Li Li-Na , Gao Jian , Zhang Ye-Wang
Published: October 2018

Enzymes are efficient biocatalysts providing an important tool in many industrial biocatalytic processes. Currently, the immobilized enzymes prepared by the cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) have drawn much attention due to their simple preparation and high catalytic efficiency. Combined cross-linked enzyme aggregates (combi-CLEAs) including multiple enzymes have significant advantages for practical applications. In this review, the conditions or factors for the preparation of combi-CLEAs such as the proportion of enzymes, the type of cross-linker, and coupling temperature were discussed based on the reaction mechanism. The recent applications of combi-CLEAs were also reviewed.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation on Bonding Behavior of Cold Sprayed Porous WC-17Co Particles onto Different Substrates
Authors: Suo Xinkun , Yin Shuo , Li Hua , Lupoi Rocco
Published: October 2018

Cold sprayed WC-Co metal matrix composite coatings have shown great potential in wear-resistance applications. This work aims to use experimental and numerical methods to clarify the deposition and particle–substrate bonding behavior of a single porous WC-17Co particle onto various substrates. To achieve this objective, porous WC-17Co particles were used as the feedstock; soft Al 2024 (Al alloy) and hard stainless steel 316 (SS) were used as the substrates. The experimental results revealed that brittle WC-Co particles tended to remain intact after depositing on a soft Al alloy substrate, but underwent serious fracture when impacting on a hard SS substrate. Further results indicated that the high energy dissipation and the consequent high stress concentration in the WC-Co particle was the main reason for inducing the particle fracture. In addition, two different mechanical interlocking mechanisms were identified during the WC-Co particle deposition process (namely WC reinforcement interlock and WC-Co particle interlock), dominating the particle-substrate bonding. A soft Al alloy substrate resulted in better interlocking than a hard SS substrate, thereby the corresponding particle bonding ratio was also much higher.