bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the operation of modern diving vessels equipped with dynamic positioning systems
Authors: Guliev Namig Nizami ogly
Published: May 2024

. The principle of operation of modern diving vessels equipped with dynamic positioning (DP) systems is analyzed. The classification of diving operations on such vessels is considered. To perform certain construction work or maintenance of underwater facilities, a diving team is needed – the most important component in an integral part of the most difficult work, where the ROV (remote-controlled uninhabited underwater vehicle) of the working class, equipped with tools for certain purposes, is not adapted for complex tasks. The topic of limiting the length of the hose cable (a technology that ensures the delivery of vital consumables, signals and energy via cable to the diver) for underwater work is touched upon. An assessment of the safe working distance of divers near the bow thrusters and propeller columns of the DP vessel is carried out using the example of the most modern vessel in the Caspian Sea to support diving operations, as well as for the installation of underwater structures of the deep-sea bases of the Khankendi. Conclusions are drawn about the widespread use of DP systems on modern ships, in particular those involved in the oil and gas industry, as well as other areas of the marine industry. A study has been conducted to assess the safety of diving operations of a DP vessel operating in shallow water. An assessment is given to limit the movement of the vessel during diving operations. The specifics of the universal vessel involved in connection with the risks of human life, the working environment of divers, various environmental conditions, the proximity of the vessel's propulsion systems and many other additional risks that pose a danger are indicated. The thesis on the need for careful planning and management of diving operations has been confirmed.
Asentamientos informales y arquitectura vernácula: viejos y nuevos debates
Authors: Pérez Gil Javier
Published: May 2024

En las últimas décadas se han suscitado dos debates en torno a los asentamientos informales y su relación con la arquitectura vernácula. El primero gira en torno a si esa arquitectura y conjuntos pueden considerarse arquitectura vernácula. El segundo, más reciente y prácticamente silenciado desde las instituciones, se pregunta si aquellos pueden alcanzar la categoría de patrimonio cultural. Este artículo pretende demostrar que ambos debates no dependen tanto de la consideración epistemológica de los asentamientos informales como de la previa conceptualización de la arquitectura vernácula, y aboga por aplicar un criterio cultural y plenamente consecuente con nuestros principios democráticos y patrimoniales.
A importância de um instrumento local no combate às ilhas de calor: diretrizes para reorientar o uso do solo
Authors: Pueres Roldão Helena , Werneck Ribeiro Eduardo Augusto , Leal de Quadro Mario Francisco
Published: May 2024

Este artigo discute o uso de imagens térmicas e mapas de uso do solo para combater ilhas de calor e promover um ambiente urbano sustentável em cidades pequenas, usando São Francisco do Sul, Brasil, como estudo de caso. Os resultados mostram diferenças de aquecimento em diferentes partes da cidade, sublinhando a necessidade de considerar o clima no planejamento urbano para promover a sustentabilidade e minimizar o desconforto térmico. O estudo sugere que estes princípios podem guiar o licenciamento ambiental para reduzir áreas impermeabilizadas e evitar o surgimento de ilhas de calor.
Reseña: La cultura arquitectónica en los años de la Transición
Authors: Almonacid Canseco Rodrigo
Published: May 2024

Carlos Sambricio (ed.), La cultura arquitectónica en los años de la Transición, Sevilla, Editorial Universidad de Sevilla (Colección Arquitectura, nº 46), 2022, 389 páginas, ISBN: 978-84-472-2418-0.
Reseña: European Planning History in the 20th Century. A Continent of Urban Planning
Authors: Pallol Trigueros Rubén
Published: May 2024

Max Welch Guerra, Abdellah Abarkan, María A. Castrillo Romón y Martin Pekár (eds.), European Planning History in the 20th Century. A Continent of Urban Planning, Nueva York-Londres, Routledge, 2023, 296 páginas, ISBN: 9781003271666.
De las “villas miseria” a los “asentamientos informales”. Problematizaciones estatales sobre la cuestión habitacional en Argentina (1955-1990)
Authors: Brizuela Florencia
Published: May 2024

Desde 1955 la agenda estatal Argentina designó a las villas miseria como un problema específico e ideó soluciones que combinaron la erradicación y la provisión de vivienda. En 1990 esta interpretación mutó: los asentamientos informales a la vez que emergieron como problema también lo hicieron como una solución que debía acompañarse de políticas de radicación y regularización dominial. El artículo se propone analizar la transformación de estas problematizaciones desde una historia crítica del pensamiento. Sirviéndose del método genealógico-arqueológico argumenta que la propuesta regularizadora emergió cuando se naturalizó la existencia de los asentamientos y la incapacidad estatal de resolver el problema.
Investigating the effect of electrospark alloying parameters on structure formation of modified nitrogen coatings
Authors: HAPONOVA Oksana , TARELNYK Viacheslav , MOŚCICKI Tomasz , TARELNYK Nataliia
Published: May 2024

The quality parameters of surface layers synthesised using electrospark alloying (ESA) technology were analysed in this paper. The main focus was on the influence of equipment energy parameters on structure formation, specifically the effect of discharge energy and productivity. Microstructural analysis of the modified surface of C40 steel after nitriding by ESA using a paste containing nitrogen compounds injected into the interelectrode gap was conducted. The layer structure for all studied ESA parameters includes three areas: the upper "white layer", the diffusion zone below it and the substrate. The roughness of the surface is Ra ~ 0.9 μm at low discharge energy Wp = 0.13 J and Ra ~ 6 μm at Wp = 3.4 J. The microhardness, continuity, and surface roughness of the layers varied with Wp. The influence of ESA productivity on the structure was studied. The thickness of the hardened layer and the diffusion zone, as well as the microhardness and continuity, are affected by reduced productivity. For the same discharge energy, the thickness of the hardened layer increases by 10-18% with decrease in productivity compared to the classical mode. Studies have shown that a productivity loss has a positive effect on the quality characteristics of the coatings produced by the ESA process.
Nutritional and Sensory Characterization of Some Fermented Food Products Made in the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic Area
Authors: Mihaela Dana Pop A.A.
Published: May 2024

The territory of Romania has been known as the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic space since ancient times, being traversed from one end to the other by the Carpathian Mountains and being bordered to the south by the Danube River (Danubius) which flows into the Black Sea (Pontic area). Fermented food products manufactured in Romania belong to the many categories, such as: lactic acid dairy products or fermented dairy products (yogurt, sana, buttermilk, kefir, fermented cream, fresh cheese), pickled vegetables (cabbage, cucumbers, red pepper), non-alcoholic fermented beverages (braga, borsch, vinegar, socata), traditional fermented bread, maturated cheeses, raw dried salami and alcoholic beverages (beer, wine). In the present article we will focus on a nutritional and sensory characterization of the most famous fermented products that are manufactured almost exclusively in the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic area, of course also due to the influence of the neighbours, this being: fermented dairy products (yoghurt, sana and buttermilk), lactic fermented pickles (pickled cabbage) and non-alcoholic fermented drinks (braga, borsh and socata).
Influence of the Forming Die Design on Processing and Physical Properties of Gluten-Free Crisps
Authors: Mitrus Marcin , Tydman Kacper , Milanowski Marek , Soja Jakub , Lewko Piotr , Kupryaniuk Karol , Wójtowicz Agnieszka
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research was to evaluate the influence of the forming die openings shape on processing parameters of the extrusion-cooking process and on the selected properties of gluten-free crisps. The experiment used blends of corn grits, unroasted buckwheat, rice, and dried blackberries. The extrusion process of gluten-free crisps was carried out via a prototype EXP-45-32 single-screw extruder with L/D=16. During the tests, 5 different forming dies were assessed: 2 openings with a diameter of 2 mm each, 1 round opening with a diameter of 3 mm, 1 cross-shaped opening, a star and a heart. During the tests, the processing efficiency and energy consumption of the extrusion process were tested, and the expansion index, bulk density and hardness of the crisps were investigated. The research demonstrated that the forming die shape affects the efficiency and energy consumption of the extrusion-cooking process of crisps. The lowest efficiency was found if a heart-shaped die was used, and the highest efficiency was determined in the case of a star-shape die. Moreover, the highest specific energy consumption was noted when using a star-shaped die during crisps extrusion. Crisps obtained using dies with larger diameters were characterized by a lower expansion index. The complicated shape of the die opening resulted in less expansion of the obtained crisps. The highest bulk density and hardness were found in the case of crisps obtained on a star-shaped forming die.
The challenges of the European and Albanian legislation on the procedures for the surrender of persons wanted by criminal justice
Authors: Karamuco Ervin , Plaku Mirseda Shehdula
Published: May 2024

When we talk about the challenges of the European and Albanian legislation on the surrender of persons wanted by criminal justice, the picture of the Albanian law and the operation of the law comes to mind. But today more and more measures are being taken to develop the legislative power and its functioning. These measures have also been taken in drafting and in administrative and judicial execution.

Today, there is more and more talk about justice reforms; such are the challenges that Albania faces when it comes to cooperation with the EU in relation to the procedures for handing over persons wanted by law. It is such a challenge, because Albania’s legislation must be in line with that of the EU. When we talk about compliance or Acquis communautaire, we mean the interoperability that the legislative, judicial and executive powers must follow.

Talking about the justice reform in Albania, we understand and analyse more closely the issue of corruption. The globalization of criminal activities has created a need to strengthen international cooperation. The investigation, prosecution and control of crime cannot be confined within national borders.
Non-Oil Tax Revenue and Infrastructural Development in Nigeria
Authors: Jerry Oziegbe David , Omoyemi Itua Perpetual
Published: May 2024

In Nigeria, there has been a decline in oil revenue. This has impacted negatively on infrastructural development. This paper seeks to examine the effect of non-oil revenue as an alternative source of revenue for infrastructural development. The research design of the study was the ex post facto research design. The source of data was the secondary source and a time series of data from 1981 to 2021 was used in carrying out the research. The Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) bounds test was used to determine the long-run and short-run relationship between the dependent and independent variables. It was observed that the variables are co-integrated, and as such, a long-run and short-run relationship exists among the explanatory variables. Furthermore, the ARDL short-run estimation result shows that the non-oil tax variables (proxied by VAT, CUSTD, and CIT) have a positive and significant effect on infrastructural development (proxied by total electricity production measured in Gigawatt hours (GWh) in Nigeria. In tandem, the ARDL long-run estimation results reveal that value-added tax, customs duties, and company income tax have a positive and significant impact on infrastructural development in Nigeria. Hence, an increase in the non-oil tax revenue base will boost infrastructural development in Nigeria in the long run. This finding is in tandem with the ARDL short-run estimation result. Therefore, it is inferred that Nigeria can experience infrastructural development when genuine commitment is made to explore an increase in non-oil revenue generation instead of being over-dependent on oil revenue.
Legal Education in Pakistan: An Overview of Stakeholders’ Perception
Authors: Shah Sardar Ali , Dhanapal Saroja , Syed Kazim
Published: May 2024

Legal education plays a vital role in the country’s justice system. The graduates with good quality of law education have a great impact on the quality of the judiciary, Bar, and Bench. There is a general perception amongst the stakeholders comprising of that the present legal education in Pakistan does not satisfactorily match the needs of the country. Thus, it needs to be reviewed and reformed. In line with this, the objective of the current qualitative study is to analyze the opinions of stakeholders. The article ends with recommendations for improvement in legal education as advocated by the stakeholders.
Design of Low Subsonic Wind Tunnel with Open Return System for Testing Wind Turbines at Low Airspeeds
Authors: Yanel Karnova , Yanto Asmara
Published: May 2024

The The Republic of Indonesia is rich in potential for renewable energy, including abundant wind energy. This study aims to design a subsonic open return wind tunnel for testing wind turbines at low airspeeds. The testing focus includes the evaluation of blade efficiency, bearing performance, and other aspects. Testing at low airspeeds (<5 m/s) is highly relevant to the wind conditions in Indonesia. The design process utilizes Computer Aided Design (CAD), while data collection and analysis are conducted through Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) simulations and theoretical calculations. The wind tunnel comprises components such as contraction, honeycomb, test section, diffuser, and support structure. Airflow over the turbine blades can be observed using smoke visualization in the test section. This research is expected to provide practical contributions to the development of low-speed wind turbines in Indonesia.
Heat Transfer In Automatic Duck Egg Incubator Using A Light Bulb As The Heater
Authors: Yanti Yanti , Rohman Abd , Patriana Ari , Fauzi Willy Muhammad , Mustopa Asep , Febrian Rizki Muh
Published: May 2024

The egg incubator is an egg incubator equipped with a heater with a special construction so that the heat in the box is not wasted. This study aims to determine the heat transfer in an automatic egg incubator with incubator dimensions of 0.38 × 0.35 × 0.45 m. The research was conducted by collecting data directly to obtain heat transfer values in automatic egg incubators with a heat source from a light bulb. A digital thermometer was used to measure the temperature of the egg incubator. The incubator temperature was maintained at a maximum temperature of 39°C. Radiation heat transfer that occured in an egg incubator with a surface area of 0.92 m² which was coated with aluminum foil with a material emissivity value of 0.07 and an egg incubator temperature of 39°C (312 K) was 34.6 Watt. The conduction heat transfer that occured on the wall of the egg incubator with the thermal conductivity value of aluminum foil, namely k = 0.034 W/mK, was 34.78 Watt. The results of the study by setting the temperature of the incubator room to a maximum of 39oC obtained a hatching success rate with a hatchability of 75%.
Social Management in The Face of Protection and Risk Factors For Violence in University Students
Authors: Palacios-Serna Lina Iris , Santana-Mora Carlos Alberto , Velazco-Reyes Benjamín , Cortez-Chávez Claudia Virginia , Duran-Llaro Kony Luby
Published: May 2024

Objective: to analyze the risk and protective factors against violence associated with resilience and family functionality.
 
 Method: A non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive design was used with a sample of 335 teenage university students studying psychology, both men and women, from 3 universities in Trujillo. The following instruments were used: The Resilience Scale, by Wagnild and Young, the Family Functioning Assessment Scale – FACES III, and the Family Cohesion and Adaptability Scale by Olson, Porhner and Lavee.
 
Results and discussion: The existence of protective factors against violence in resilience and family cohesion is evident. Regarding the adaptability indicator of family functionality, the flexible and structured family is associated with the protection factor against violence. However, rigid and chaotic families are associated as a risk factor for violence, with the risk factor prevailing for this group in the presence of chaotic families.
 
Implications of the research: it contributes to the understanding of the variable with respect to its descriptive categories in university students, from which greater evidence and new studies aimed at explaining, associating or predicting the variables can be generated.
 
Originality/Value: it was important because it analyzes protective and risk factors against violence, so that subsequent strategies can be used to reduce it and strengthen protective factors.
Multifractal Behavior of Cryptocurrencies During Periods of Economic Uncertainty
Authors: Galvão Rosa , Varela Miguel , Dias Rui
Published: May 2024

Background: In recent years, investors' interest in cryptocurrencies has increased due to their notable price volatility and rapid price increases. These investors view cryptocurrencies as suitable financial assets for portfolio rebalancing strategies.
 
Purpose: The main objective of this study is to examine the multifractality of the cryptocurrencies Bitcoin (BTC), Lisk (LSK), Quantum (QUA), Litecoin (LTC), Ripple (XRP), Augur (REP), Darkcoin (DASH), EOS, IOTA (MIOTA).
 
Methods: The Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) econophysics model supports the methodology.
 
Results: The results suggest that during the 2020 pandemic period, the digital currencies LSK, QUA, MIOTA, XRP, REP, BTC, ETH, LTC and DASH showed very significant persistence, indicating that price formation is not random. However, validating that cryptocurrency prices are predictable based on historical time series was impossible. On the other hand, the digital currency EOS proved to be in equilibrium; in other words, price formation follows the random walk pattern, suggesting that prices are not autocorrelated over time. During the 2022 geopolitical conflict, long-term memory patterns shifted significantly towards short-term memories, i.e. anti-persistence. The digital currencies ETH, MIOTA, EOS, LTC, REP, LSK and DASH showed anti-persistence slopes, indicating that prices were less influenced by past events and more by recent events. On the other hand, the cryptocurrencies BTC (0.50), QUA (0.50), and XRP (0.50) demonstrate that prices contain a significant random component and that the residuals are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.), supporting the idea that white noise might be present.
 
Conclusion: From a risk management perspective, these findings are highly relevant to investors, traders and market participants.
Young Kosovars, Their Preferred Television and Use of Viewing Devices
Authors: Selimi Ferid , Xhigoli Marigona , Iseni Driton , Krasniqi Saranda
Published: May 2024

Objective: To ascertain the interest of youth in this information medium at a time when television is no longer the primary media, as each individual carries a cellphone and when young people utilize alternative information sources through social networks
 
Theoric Framework: Other studies concerning media preference have argued that preference in media is a complex concept that needs to be studied on different levels.
 
Methods: During the research, an empirical study was conducted, specifically a survey with a focus group of young people aged 18-30, to explore their access to information, using television as the primary source, as well as other practical sources that replace it.
 
Results and Coclusions: This study made a distinction between television program viewership, creativity, reliability, and the way information is accessed because ultimately every preference and viewership is related to believing in facts or alternative truths. In this context, it can be observed that low television screen usage is associated with the possibility for young people to use alternative devices such as cell phones and laptops.
 
Implications of research: The research is focused on watching television channels by young people from Kosova, as their preferences, namely the young people's perception of the most reliable programs.
 
Originality/value: This study made a distinction in television program viewership, creativity, objectivity, and the way information is accessed among specific age groups of young people.
La Competencia Social Multidimensional en la Formación de las Habilidades Socioemocionales para la Mediación Escolar

Authors: Benítez Moreno Francisco Javier , Rodriguez Hidalgo Antonio Jesús , Herrera-López Mauricio
Published: May 2024

Introducción.  La formación en mediación escolar es importante porque enseña a los estudiantes a resolver las diferencias de modo no violento. Pese a las bondades que ofrece, la investigación en la temática es escasa y los antecedentes están centrados, de forma mayoritaria, en comprender teóricamente el conflicto para desarrollar técnicas y herramientas específicas que sean de utilidad para alumnos pares, profesores y orientadores escolares (Benítez, 2020). En ese sentido, se identifica la necesidad ampliar el conocimiento que permita educar desde la perspectiva socioemocional y por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación es establecer la influencia de la competencia social multidimensional en la formación de habilidades socioemocionales para la mediación escolar.
 
Método.  Participaron 1025 estudiantes colombianos (40.6% hombres y 59.4% mujeres), con edades entre los 12 y 19 años (M = 14.86; SD = 1.43). Un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales informó las relaciones e influencias de la prosocialidad, eficacia social y reevaluación cognitiva en las habilidades para la mediación.
 
Resultados.:  Concretamente, el comportamiento prosocial y la reevaluación cognitiva inciden en la comprensión y gestión del conflicto. La eficacia social y la prosocialidad serían importantes en la facilidad para generar comunicación asertiva. En tanto, la eficacia social y reevaluación cognitiva influencian la habilidad para generar conciencia y regulación emocional.
 
Discusión y conclusiones.  La prosocialidad del mediador es la característica más relevante porque implica desplegar comportamientos de ayuda acordes con las necesidades manifestadas por los estudiantes. Por su parte, la eficacia social es un factor importante por cuanto está asociada con la motivación, el compromiso de la persona con la tarea, la resistencia a la frustración y el manejo de emociones en las relaciones. En tanto que la reevaluación cognitiva es influyente gracias al uso de estrategias como la aceptación, focalización positiva y toma de perspectiva.
Motivación en Educación Superior para el aprendizaje académico en una muestra intercultural

Authors: Roa Venegas José María , Lagos de San Martín Nelly Gromiria , Fernández Prados Carmen , Palma Luengo Maritza , López lópez Carmen Verónica
Published: May 2024

Introducción. El presente trabajo se fundamenta en el modelo teórico “Expectativas Valor” de la motivación de logro, y desde una perspectiva socio-cognitiva. Su objetivo es describir la conducta de logro en el contexto del aula de estudiantes de diferente contexto cultural.
 
Método. Para ello se ha realizado un estudio post-hoc con 310 participantes de los contextos culturales de chilenos y españoles. Se ha cumplimentado el Inventario de Motivación de Logro Académico (IMLA), instrumento que evalúa la motivación de logro académico con ocho factores.
 
Resultados. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en los contextos culturales chileno y español, con una alta potencia del efecto en la valoración de las tareas académicas y en la valoración del entorno social del aprendizaje. En la variable género, las mujeres muestran mayores valoraciones respecto a los hombres en el esfuerzo para lograr metas propuestas. Los estudiantes de las carreras de Ciencias de la Salud obtienen significaciones con potencias medias del efecto, en el valor de la tarea de aprendizaje y en la valoración del entorno social de dicho aprendizaje; también en las expectativas y eficacia, respecto al alumnado de Ciencias Físicas y de la Naturaleza.
 
Discusión y conclusiones. A partir de estos resultados, se ha obtenido información relevante para el estudio de las variables personales y socioculturales de la motivación en el alumnado universitario de diferentes contextos culturales. Concluyendo que el contexto cultural y el ámbito de conocimiento tienen efecto sobre la motivación.
Análisis exploratorio de las diferencias en la inteligencia emocional de los menores con altas capacidades

Authors: Fernández-Mera Ana , Hinojosa José Antonio , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni
Published: May 2024

Introducción. En este estudio se investigó la posible existencia de diferencias en varios ámbitos o rasgos del constructo general de inteligencia emocional entre los menores con altas capacidades y sus pares de desarrollo normotípico.
 
Método. Un grupo de menores con altas capacidades y un grupo de menores con desarrollo intelectual promedio completaron en dos momentos distintos una escala de evaluación del cociente emocional EQ-i:YV. Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional de BarOn: versión para jóvenes. La muestra total estaba integrada por 187 menores españoles, con edades comprendidas entre los 8 y los 17 años. De los cuales, 118 participantes pertenecían al grupo de altas capacidades, siendo 38 mujeres y 80 varones. con una edad media de 11.2 años. El grupo de desarrollo normotípico estuvo formado por 69 participantes, de los cuales 23 eran mujeres y 46 varones, con una edad media de 11.7 años.
 
Resultados. Por un lado, se encontró que los menores con altas capacidades presentaban una mayor puntuación que sus pares en la subescala de Adaptabilidad, y al mismo tiempo mostraban menores puntuaciones en Inteligencia Intrapersonal y en Estado de Ánimo. No se hallaron diferencias ni en la Gestión del Estrés, ni en Inteligencia Interpersonal. De manera relevante, cuando los resultados se analizaron desde una perspectiva general sin profundizar en cada rasgo, la polaridad de estas diferencias (siendo unas positivas y otras negativas) cancelaba la aparición global de diferencias, dando lugar a la consideración errónea de la ausencia de diferencias entre grupos.
 
Discusión y conclusiones. Estos hallazgos aportan gran valor para romper mitos sobre las altas capacidades y para orientar la práctica piscoeducativa hacia el desarrollo de programas educativos y sociales útiles para el desarrollo afectivo de la población con altas capacidades, atendiendo a las fortalezas y debilidades emocionales.
Pan-Africanism and Afrocentrism — current trends of the XXI century: the potential of symbiosis
Authors: Emelianenko Ekaterina Gar’evna
Published: May 2024

The object of the study is the movement of pan-Africanism, which arose at the end of the XIX century and the concept of afrocentrism, at the end of the XX century. The first concept, pan-Africanism, turned into a powerful socio-political movement aimed at the national liberation, political struggle of the peoples of Africa against the metropolises, colonialism, as well as other forms of oppression. Afrocentrism was also formed as a tool to combat colonialism, but mentally, spiritually, and culturally. It was created as a tool to support and fight African Americans, the peoples of Africa and representatives of the African diaspora living around the world against the dominance of the Eurocentric model of the world. The subject of the study is the study of the formation of these concepts and the main ideological positions that formed the basis of their ideological foundation. The author examines in detail such aspects as spiritual decolonization, cultural decolonization, and the African personality. Special attention is paid to the study of the semantic core of pan-Africanism and Afrocentrism, the influence of European culture and the position of Africa as an object rather than a subject of history. The purpose of the work is to establish common ideological positions, as well as the possibility of symbiosis to solve the current challenges of the African continent. The methodological basis of the study was the historical approach necessary to restore the picture of past events, which were the basis for the formation of the ideological base of pan-Africanism, Afrocentrism, as well as the emergence of certain provisions. A systematic approach is used to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between ideological trends and determine the main trends in the development of these relations, methods of deduction, induction and synthesis. The novelty of the research lies in considering the concepts of pan-Africanism and Afrocentrism as complementary and mutually reinforcing parts. Both concepts were born almost a hundred years apart, but their similarity and relevance of ideas remain to this day. About 100 years ago, pan-Africanism called for the decolonization of African countries, and today for the eradication of neo-colonialism. Afrocentrism has common roots with pan-Africanism. The main conclusions of the study showed the possibility of a symbiosis of pan-Africanism and afrocentrism. It can become an effective tool for strengthening African society and obtaining the necessary energy to implement national strategies and protect the interests and values of both individual States and the continent as a whole.
NÍVEIS DE COLESTEROL EM UMA POPULAÇÃO NEGRA DO RECÔNCAVO BAIANO
Authors: Santos Batista Francerese , Vitória Ribeiro Teixeira Ana , Luis Bertussi Natã , Diônatas Moreira Caetano Aguilar , Silva Werneck Ávila Gleice , Silva Lima Wilhiane , Henrique da Silva Neiva Souto Leandro , Barbosa Fabrício da Silva Jônatas , Farias de Oliveira Elenilda , Otto Barrientos Márcia
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O colesterol é um composto lipossolúvel muito importante para fisiologia humana pois é constituinte das membranas celulares e atua como precursor na síntese de sais biliares e hormônios. Seu transporte na corrente sanguínea se dá por meio de lipoproteínas que, quando fora dos parâmetros,relacionam-se com o aumento do risco de doenças cardiovasculares ou a incidência de transtornos psicológicos.
Objetivo: Descrever a ocorrência autodeclarada de níveis alterados de colesterol em uma população negra do Recôncavo Baiano.
Método: Trata-se de um estudo analítico, transversal e quantitativo, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Faculdade Adventista da Bahia, conforme CAAE 45556221.4.0000.0042, e realizado na Clínica Escola da Faculdade Adventista da Bahia com a participação de 296 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, maiores de 18anos, moradores do Recôncavo Baiano e autodeclarados negros, mediante assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE). Os dados foram obtidos pelo preenchimento de um questionário, o qual continha perguntas sobre doenças sistêmicas diagnosticadas, analisados no programa SPSS® versão 20.0.0 e apresentados em forma de frequência simples e percentual.
Resultados parciais: Dentre os 296 participantes, 194 eram mulheres (65,4%), 270 se autodeclararam pretos ou pardos (91,2%) e 236 tinham idade entre 18 e 35 anos (47,6%). A maioria dos participantes responderam negativamente à alteração do nível sérico de colesterol (99,7%), sendo encontrado apenas um relato positivo (0,3%) pertencente a uma mulher, 47 anos, autodeclarada negra. A baixa prevalência de alteração nos níveis de colesterol pode ser um alerta para a dificuldade dos participantes terem acesso à realização de testes diagnósticos, evidenciando a importância de dar continuidade à avaliação deste componentesanguíneo para a identificação precoce deste que é um fator de risco para diversas comorbidades.
Descritores: Colesterol; População Negra; Prevalência.Eixo temático: Ciências da saúde.
Impactos biopsicossociais da baixa visão na qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas
Authors: Fernandes Viviane Nunes Freires , Nazima Maira Tiyomi Sacata Tongu , Pena Francineide Pereira da Silva , Volpe Maria Izabel Côrtes , Guimarães Mayla Rosa
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura nos últimos cinco anos sobre impactos biopsicossociais da baixa visão na qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline) via National Center for Biotechnology Information (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier) e Embase (Elsevier), realizada em abril de 2023. Foram utilizados os descritores “idoso”; “acuidade visual”, “visão diminuida”. Resultados: A amostra final foi composta por 8 artigos, os quais descreveram os impactos biopsicossociais da baixa visão na qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas de maior evidência na literatura como a probabilidade de desenvolcer sintomas de ansiedade, depressão, isolamento social e risco de quedas. Considerações finais: Os impactos biopsicossociais foram identificados como influenciadores na qualidade de vida das pessoas idosas, em proporções significativas associadas com a baixa visão. Acredita-se que os profissionais da saúde devem estar atentos às alterações biopsicossociais relacionadas a baixa visão do idoso inerentes ao envelhecimento e que podem prejudicar a rotina dessas pessoas, com impacto significativo na qualidade de vida, saúde física e mental.
Social Determinants of Health Among American Indians and Alaska Natives and Tribal Communities: Comparison with Other Major Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States, 1990–2022
Authors: Singh Gopal K. , Lee Hyunjung , Kim Lyoung Hee , Williams Shanita D.
Published: May 2024

Background and Objective

Limited research exists on health inequities between American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs), tribal communities, and other population groups in the United States. To address this gap in research, we conducted time-trend analyses of social determinants of health and disease outcomes for AIANs as a whole and specific tribal communities and compared them with those from the other major racial/ethnic groups.

Methods

We used data from the 1990–2022 National Vital Statistics System, 2015–2022 American Community Survey, and the 2018–2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine socioeconomic, health, disability, disease, and mortality patterns for AIANs.

Results

In 2021, life expectancy at birth was 70.6 years for AIANs, lower than that for Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs) (84.1), Hispanics (78.8), and non-Hispanic Whites (76.3). All racial/ethnic groups experienced a decline in life expectancy between the pre-pandemic year of 2019 and the peak pandemic year of 2021. However, the impact of COVID-19 was the greatest for AIANs and Blacks whose life expectancy decreased by 6.3 and 5.8 years, respectively. The infant mortality rate for AIANs was 8.5 per 1,000 live births, 78% higher than the rate for non-Hispanic Whites. One in five AIANs assessed their physical and mental health as poor, at twice the rate of non-Hispanic Whites or the general population. COVID-19 was the leading cause of death among AIANs in 2021. Risks of mortality from alcohol-related problems, drug overdose, unintentional injuries, and homicide were higher among AIANs than the general population. AIANs had the highest overall disability, mental and ambulatory disability, health uninsurance, unemployment, and poverty rates, with differences in these indicators varying markedly across the AIAN tribes.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications

AIANs remain a disadvantaged racial/ethnic group in the US in many health and socioeconomic indicators, with poverty rates in many Native American tribal groups and reservations exceeding 40%.
Predictive crystallography at scale: mapping, validating, and learning from 1,000 crystal energy landscapes
Authors: Taylor Christopher R. , Butler Patrick W. V. , Day Graeme
Published: May 2024

Computational crystal structure prediction (CSP) is an increasingly powerful technique in materials discovery, due to its ability to reveal trends and permit insight across the possibility space of crystal structures of a candidate molecule, beyond simply the observed structure(s). In this work, we demonstrate the reliability and scalability of CSP methods for small, rigid organic molecules by performing in-depth CSP investigations for over 1000 such compounds, the largest survey of its kind to-date. We show that this highly-efficient force-field-based CSP approach is superbly predictive, locating 99.4\% of observed experimental structures, and ranking a large majority of these (74\%) as among the most stable possible structures (to within uncertainty due to thermal effects). We present two examples of insights such large predicted datasets can permit, examining the space group preferences of organic molecular crystals and rationalising empirical rules concerning the spontaneous resolution of chiral molecules. Finally, we exploit this large and diverse dataset for developing transferable machine-learned energy potentials for the organic solid state, training a neural network lattice energy correction to force field energies that offers substantial improvements to the already impressive energy rankings, and a MACE equivariant message-passing neural network for crystal structure reoptimisation. We conclude that the excellent performance and reliability of the CSP workflow enables the creation of very large datasets of broad utility and explanatory power in materials design.
Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Aryl Ketones by a Cobalt Catalyzed Semipinacol Rearrangement
Authors: Kalomenopoulos Panagiotis G. , Emayavaramban Balakumar , Johnston Craig P.
Published: May 2024

A highly enantioselective cobalt-catalyzed semipinacol rearrangement of symmetric α,α-diarylallylic alcohols is disclosed. A chiral cobalt-salen catalyst generates a highly electrophilic carbocation surrogate following hydrogen atom transfer and radical–polar crossover steps. This methodology provides access to enantioenriched α-aryl ketones through invertive displacement of a cobalt(IV) complex during 1,2-aryl migration. A combination of readily available reagents, silane and N-fluoropyridinium oxidant, are used to confer this type of reactivity. An exploration into the effect of aryl substitution revealed the reaction tolerates para- and meta‑halogenated, mildly electron‑rich and electron‑poor aromatic rings with excellent enantioselectivities and yields. The yield of the rearrangement diminished with highly electron‑rich aryl rings whereas very electron‑deficient and ortho-substituted arenes led to poor enantiocontrol. A Hammett analysis demonstrated the migratory preference for electron-rich aromatic rings, which is consistent with the intermediacy of a phenonium cation.
Bio-Inspired 3D Printing of Layered Structures Utilizing Stabilized Amorphous Calcium Carbonate within Biodegradable Matrices
Authors: Shaked Hadar , Dobrynin Daniela , Polishchuk Iryna , Katsman Alexander , Pokroy Boaz
Published: May 2024

Many composites in nature are formed in the course of biomineralization. These biocomposites are often produced via an amorphous precursor such as amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), demonstrating a layered structure. In the current study, we utilized robocasting, a 3D-printing technique, to print layered structures inspired by the mineralized tissues of Ophiomastix wendtii and Odontodactylus scyllarus, which exhibit a layered organization. We compared various bio-degradable organic matrices with a high percentage (>94%) of ACC reinforcements and studied their mechanical properties. With the organic matrix protection, ACC was stabilized for long periods, exceeding even two years, when stored at ambient conditions. The layered structures were printed and fractured using the three-point bending method to evaluate their strength. The fracture interface was examined to weigh the benefits an amorphous precursor may offer in the 3D printing processes of ceramic materials. The fracture interface presented bulk behavior with no distinct layering, resembling the formation of mineral single crystalline tissue in nature and overcoming one of the most critical challenges in 3D printing, namely the inter-layer interfaces. Herein, we present a bio-inspired, low-temperature route to form layered structures. By fusing the layers together following low-temperature sintering, a composite structure composed of stabilized ACC integrated with biodegradable environmentally friendly matrices, can be obtained.
Limit theorems for Randić index for Erdos-Rényi graphs
Authors: Eslava Laura , Sigarreta Ricardo Sayle , Siri-Jégousse Arno
Published: May 2024

We prove that the generalized Randić index over graphs following the Erdos-Rényi model, for both the sparse and dense regimes, is concentrated around its mean when the number of vertices tends to infinity.
Monte Carlo simulations of water pollutant adsorption at parts-per-billion concentration: A study on 1,4-dioxane
Authors: Sharlin Samiha , Lozano Rodrigo , Josephson Tyler R.
Published: May 2024

1,4-dioxane is an emerging water pollutant with high production volumes and a probable human carcinogen. The inadequacy of conventional treatment processes demonstrates a need for an effective remediation strategy. Crystalline nanoporous materials are cost-effective adsorbents due to their high capacity and selective separation in mixtures. This study explores the potential of all-silica zeolites for separation of 1,4-dioxane from water. These zeolites are highly hydrophobic and can preferentially adsorb nonpolar molecules from mixtures. We investigated six zeolite frameworks (BEA, EUO, FER, IFR, MFI, MOR) using Monte Carlo simulations in the Gibbs ensemble. The simulations indicate high selectivity by FER and EUO, especially at low pressures, which we attribute to pore sizes and shapes with more affinity to 1,4-dioxane. We also demonstrate a Monte Carlo simulation workflow using gauge cells to model the adsorption of an aqueous solution of 1,4-dioxane at 0.35 ppb concentration. We quantify 1,4-dioxane and water coadsorption, and observe selectivities ranging from 1.1 x 10^5 in MOR to 8.7 x 10^6 in FER. We also demonstrate that 1,4-dioxane is in the infinite dilution regime in both the aqueous and adsorbed phases at this concentration. This simulation technique can be extended to model other emerging water contaminants such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), chlorofluorocarbons, and others, which are also found in extremely low concentrations.
HSADab: A Comprehensive Database for Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Zheng Lei , Zeng Zhaoyi , Zhao Yao , Liu Xiao , Huai Zhe , Zhang Xudong , Sun Zhaoxi , Zhang John Z.H.
Published: May 2024

Human Serum Albumin (HSA), the most prevalent protein in human body fluids, is integral to the transportation, absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion of drugs. Its influence on a drug's therapeutic efficacy is substantial. Despite the importance of HSA as a drug target, the available data on its interactions with external agents (e.g., drug-like molecules and antibodies) are rather limited, which poses challenges for both molecular modelling investigations and the development of empirical scoring functions or machine learning predictors on this target. Moreover, the reported entries in existing databases often contain major inconsistencies due to varied experiments and conditions, which incurs worries about the data quality. To address these issues, we established a pioneering database through extensively reviewing more than 30000 scientific publications published between 1987 and 2023, encompassing over 5000 affinity data at multiple temperatures and more than 130 crystal structures that involve both the ligand-bound and apo forms. The current HSADab resource (www.hsadab.cn) serves as a reliable foundation for protocol validations of molecular simulations (e.g., traditional virtual screening workflow using docking, end-point and alchemical free energy techniques) as well as the data source for the implementation of machine learning predictors.
Pengaruh Work Life Balance Terhadap Job Satisfaction Melalui Employee Engagement
Authors: Khoiro Muhibbatul , Frianto Agus
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh work life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja melalui employee engagement pada PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) Kantor Mojokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non probability sampling dengan jenis sampel jenuh dimana semua anggota populasi dijadikan sampel dengan jumlah 36 responden karyawan PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) Kantor Mojokerto. Analisis statistik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah partial least square (PLS) dengan bantuan software SmartPLS 4.0.9.6. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa work life balance berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, work life balance berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap employee engagement, employee engagement berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja, employee engagement tidak berhasil memediasi hubungan work life balance terhadap kepuasan kerja.
Analisis efektivitas ship management untuk optimalisasi kinerja di era industry 5.0
Authors: Mudjiono Gadha Septio , Susanti Susanti , Anggraini Shinta Dwi Nur , Rozaq Khoirur
Published: May 2024

In supporting the success of a project in a company, management issues often become an important factor in implementation in the field. Likewise, PT PAL Marine Service (PT PALMARS) operates in Surabaya, East Java. This company operates in the service sector and offers several services to support the company's progress, one of which is ship management. Therefore, to analyze the effectiveness of ship management in optimizing organizational performance in the Industrial Era 5.0, a case study was carried out at PT. PAL Marine Service (PT PALMARS) in Surabaya City, East Java. In this analysis, we will focus on four important perspectives that can influence the effectiveness of ship management through the balanced scorecard method. The independent variables consist of a customer perspective, an internal business process perspective, and a learning and growth perspective. The dependent variable is performance optimization. The sample or key research informants are the majority of lines involved in ship management activities: the Secretary, Marketing Department, Department of Accounting and Tax, Department of Finance and HR, M2KL Department, Operations, Engineering, and Procurement Departments, and the ship's crew. Data collection techniques used to measure organizational effectiveness are case study techniques, surveys/observations, data analysis, literature reviews, documentation, and interviews. The data analysis stages are data collection, reduction, display, and conclusion.