bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking the Potency of Copy-Cover-Compare Strategy on Senior Secondary Students’ Spelling Skills in Biology: A Quantitative Analysis of Learning Outcomes
Authors: Olajumoke S. Oludipe , Raheem O. Yusoof, , Olugbenga G. Akindoju, , Sakibu O. Saibu,
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the efficacy of the Copy-Cover-Compare (CCC) strategy in enhancing senior secondary students’ spelling skills in biology. It specifically looked into how students spelling deficiency in biology technical terms can be addressed using appropriate strategy to reduce cases of spelling errors and under-achievement in biology. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a pre-test, post-test, non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design with a sample of 94 senior secondary year two biology students in two intact classes drawn from two purposively sampled senior secondary schools in Educational District V, Lagos State. The experimental group had 43 students (24 males and 19 females) and the control group 51 students (29 males and 22 females). Treatment consisted of teaching biological concept (ecology) which included functioning ecosystem, population study, growth measurement and soil properties to the experimental group using copy-cover-compare strategy while the control group was taught using the traditional lecture method. The treatment lasted for five weeks. Biology Students’ Spelling Skills Test (BSSST) was used for data collection after subjected to both content and face validity, and with the reliability established using K-20 to yield a coefficient of 0.87. The research questions were answered with mean and standard deviation while the null hypotheses were tested using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed that students taught using copy-cover-compare strategy performed significantly better in terms of spelling skills learning outcome than those taught by the traditional lecture method [F(2,92)=28.9; P<0.05] and no significant gender difference existed between spelling skills of students taught using copy-cover-compare strategy [F(2,41)=.56; p>0.05]. Consequently, no significant interaction effect of methods and gender on spelling skills of students was found [F(2,138)=.19; p>0.05]. The study concluded that the copy-cover-compare strategy enhanced senior secondary students spelling skills in biology and based on this finding, some recommendations were made to improve teaching and learning of biology and students proficiency at spelling ecological one-word technical terms to reduce errors in spelling.
Exploring Early Cooking Traditions in Arctic North America via Targeted Excavations and Molecular Methods
Authors: Doering Briana Nan
Published: December 2024

During the summer of 2022, a University of Wyoming research team identified a significant cooking feature in a Late Pleistocene component of the Bachner Site, central Alaska. This component, radiocarbon dated to approximately 13,100 cal BP, contains well-preserved fauna from
various small and large game and fatty acids that can be used to refine dietary reconstructions of the first Alaskans. The feature, F22-9, contains fine-grained cryptocrystalline silicates that have evidence of heat treatment, identifiable plant remains, and fire-cracked schist and quartz. Research on the portion of the cooking feature that was excavated in 2022 strongly suggests that it is among the earliest hot rock cooking features in the Americas and offers molecular evidence for fishing that would be the earliest documented in the region if not the continent. This has implications for subsistence, mobility, and social organization among the first Alaskans that may in turn provide insight into the origins and colonization routes of the first Americans. Additionally, the early importance of fish suggested by this feature has the potential to refine ecological models and contemporary land management strategies. Future research at the site will build on these initial conclusions to provide additional hearth materials, micromorphology, and subsistence interpretations based on traditional knowledge.
Exploring Myth and Reality at Paleolithic Sites in the Romanian Banat
Authors: Bălărie Andrei , Dutkiewicz Ewa , Sărăşan Adriana
Published: December 2024

The early prehistory of the European subcontinent is marked by significant events, among which the immigration of anatomically modern humans (AMH) during the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, ~60,000 to 30,000 cal BP) stands out. Understanding the dynamics of this migration requires tracing the routes taken by AMH and documenting their spread across different regions, such as the Danube corridor. The Upper Pleniglacial period (MIS 2), encompassing the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), presents another pivotal time in European prehistory. Recent research suggests the existence of a refuge in the Carpathian Basin during the LGM. However, our understanding of population dynamics and cultural evolution during this period in this region remains limited. To address these gaps, sites with well-preserved stratigraphic sequences are crucial.
A presença das soluções baseadas na natureza (SBN) no programa Feira Verde em Ponta Grossa - PR
Authors: Wynnek Caroline , Albach Camila Aparecida da Silva , Moura Reidy Rolim de , Cordeiro Evelin Emanuele
Published: December 2024

A sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento sustentável são pautas urgentes, em meio a índices alarmantes de falta de recursos naturais e de catástrofes naturais, que se tornaram cada vez mais rotineiras e de maior proporção. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a presença das Soluções Baseadas na Natureza (SBN) no Programa Feira Verde no Município de Ponta Grossa, no Paraná. O programa consiste na troca de materiais recicláveis por produtos produzidos preferencialmente pela agricultura familiar municipal, bem como vale gás e passe para transporte coletivo. O trabalho contou com a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental para se chegar aos objetivos propostos, onde optou-se por um estudo de caso para melhor compreender a realidade estudada. O programa se mostra com um grande potencial em benefícios sociais, ambientais e econômicos para a população de Ponta Grossa, bem como para agricultores e comerciantes que têm seus produtos incluídos no programa.
Os conflitos urbanos como busca pelo direito à cidade
Authors: Passos Rogério Lucas Gonçalves , Gonçalves Raquel Garcia
Published: December 2024

Nesse trabalho abordaremos o processo envolvendo a aprovação da proposta da Stock Car em Belo Horizonte e das restrições a ele relacionadas. Trataremos da busca pelo direito à cidade a partir da participação em processos decisórios relacionados ao planejamento urbano. As análises foram baseadas em documentos disponibilizados pelo Poder Público municipal, nas legislações urbanas e ambientais vigentes e em reportagens veiculadas pela mídia. A partir da contextualização sobre a região de implantação do empreendimento, das normativas vigentes e do processo deliberativo referente à sua aprovação, refletiremos sobre as manifestações dos conflitos urbanos como modelo alternativo de participação popular.
PROJETO PEDAGOGICO ESCOLAR ADAPTADO À SUSTENTABILIDADEAMBIENTAL COMO MECANISMO DE MELHORIA DA QUALIDADE DE ENSINONO BÚZI – MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Naene Jaime Ernesto , Fucumbe Augusto Lucas , Alface Carlos José Domingos , Zacarias Albino Cândido
Published: December 2024

This research presents an innovative pedagogical project focused on environmentalsustainability, adapted for general secondary schools in Mozambique, with an emphasis onstudying the environmental impact in the Búzi River basin. Using a mixed-methodologicalapproach, including literature review, case study, and interviews with 12th-grade students fromBúzi Secondary School, this study involved a significant sample of 24 participants. Contentanalysis and statistical data revealed that practical field activities were crucial, as they not onlyintegrated theory and practice but also fostered a critical mindset in students, preparing themfor social intervention in the preservation and sustainable use of natural resources. The authorsrecognize the importance and potential legitimization of this pedagogical project, although theyacknowledge limitations due to the choice of a convenience sample, representing 10% of thetotal students attending the 12th grade. This study demonstrates the effectiveness ofincorporating environmental education into the school curriculum, thus promoting the improvement of the quality of education and environmental awareness in the specific contextof Búzi.
RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO: UM DIÁLOGO SOBRE O USO DAS METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS COMO PRÁTICA DE ENSINO NO PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM NAS AULAS DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Gomes Marcelo D'ávilla Teixeira
Published: December 2024

As relações étnico-raciais no Brasil, marcadas pela complexa formação social, cultural e histórica do país, são tema fundamental na Educação. A inclusão desse debate nas escolas, especialmente nas aulas de História, é essencial para combater o racismo e promover uma educação crítica e emancipatória. Nesse contexto, o uso das metodologias ativas tem se destacado como uma estratégia pedagógica que potencializa o engajamento dos alunos, permitindo uma abordagem mais crítica e participativa em torno das questões raciais. A temática das relações étnico-raciais foi formalmente incorporada à educação brasileira com a promulgação das Leis 10.639/2003 e 11.645/2008 representam marcos importantes na luta pela inclusão das culturas afro-brasileiras e indígenas no currículo escolar. A Lei 10.639/2003 torna obrigatório o ensino da história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana nas escolas de educação básica, buscando promover uma reflexão crítica sobre a história da escravidão e suas consequências. A Lei 11.645/2008, que altera a anterior, amplia essa obrigatoriedade para incluir também a história e cultura indígena. Essas leis não apenas reconhecem a importância de se estudar essas culturas, mas também desafiam o currículo tradicional eurocêntrico, promovendo uma educação que valoriza a diversidade e contribui para a formação de uma identidade nacional mais plural. Essas medidas visão desconstruir narrativas eurocêntricas predominantes no ensino e valorizaram a contribuição dos povos africanos, afrodescendentes e indígenas na formação da sociedade brasileira. No entanto, para que essa inclusão seja efetiva, é necessário que os docentes adotem práticas pedagógicas que não apenas transmitam conteúdos, mas que também promovam o debate e a reflexão crítica sobre o racismo estrutural e as desigualdades raciais. As metodologias ativas são estratégias pedagógicas centradas no aluno, que participa ativamente do processo de aprendizagem por meio de atividades práticas, projetos, debates, simulações e outras formas de interação. Diferente do ensino tradicional, em que o professor é o principal agente transmissor de conhecimento, as metodologias ativas colocam o estudante no centro do processo, promovendo a autonomia, o pensamento crítico e a construção do conhecimento de forma colaborativa. No ensino de História, essas metodologias podem ser poderosas ferramentas para abordar as relações étnico-raciais de forma mais envolvente. Ao estudar temas como a escravidão, a resistência negra, os povos originários e a luta pelos direitos civis, por exemplo, os alunos podem não apenas compreender os eventos históricos, mas também analisar suas consequências no presente e refletir sobre a importância de combater o racismo hoje.
CAFÉ PEDAGÓGICO: TECENDO A TEIA DA INTEGRAÇÃO CURRICULAR
Authors: Azevedo Telma Lúcia de , Montenegro Rúbia Kátia Azevedo
Published: December 2024

Este relato apresenta a experiência do Café Pedagógico: Tecendo a Teia da Integração Curricular, uma intervenção formativa voltada para a capacitação de 18 profissionais, entre professores e equipe gestora, em uma escola de ensino médio. A formação foi concebida para superar desafios identificados previamente, por meio de uma pesquisa, como a resistência a práticas pedagógicas integradoras, a falta de planejamento colaborativo e a carência de formação continuada sobre integração curricular. Durante o encontro, foram realizadas atividades como acolhida personalizada, leitura de texto, atividade lúdica, especificamente um jogo interativo sobre o tema, e a elaboração coletiva de um projeto interdisciplinar. Os resultados evidenciaram um maior entendimento dos participantes sobre integração curricular, o desenvolvimento de estratégias práticas e o fortalecimento do trabalho colaborativo.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA FALTA PATERNA NA AUTOESTIMA E NAS RELAÇÕES INTERPESSOAIS DA CRIANÇA
Authors: Araújo Vanessa Fernandes de , Mendonça Francisco Cardoso de , Lopes Júnior Hélio Marco Pereira
Published: December 2024

No mundo contemporâneo é possível observar a influência da ausência paterna na autoestima e nas relações interpessoais das crianças, de forma introdutória  será possível analisar como estes fatores influenciam na vida da criança.O objetivo  do presente artigo busca promover uma compreensão mais abrangente e empática das experiências traumáticas geradas na criança, buscando oferecer um suporte aos indivíduos que passam por esta jornada. A metodologia deste artigo trabalha com pesquisa qualitativa e baseia-se em métodos de coleta de dados mais focados na comunicação do que em procedimentos lógicos ou estatísticos e permite uma revisão bibliográfica com sínteses de conhecimentos existentes e a identificação de lacunas do tema. As bases de dados foram selecionadas para busca como PubMed, PsycINFO, Brasil Scientific Electronic (Scielo), com critérios de inclusão e exclusão com artigos de 5 anos e livros de 10 anos de publicação. Na discussão, investigou-se os impactos que a ausência paterna pode ter sobre a criança, assim como a tendência de aumento nas taxas de ausência paterna, conforme relatado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os possíveis resultados incluem uma compreensão dos impactos psicológicos e sociais da ausência paterna na vida das crianças. Espera-se que este estudo forneça insights valiosos para profissionais da saúde mental, educadores e pais, ajudando-os a reconhecer e abordar os desafios enfrentados por crianças que lidam com a ausência do pai. Além disso, espera-se que este estudo contribua para compreender seus efeitos é essencial para promover o bem-estar e o desenvolvimento saudável desses jovens.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ASSISTÊNCIA NUTRICIONAL NO PRÉ-NATAL DE ALTO RISCO
Authors: Oliveira Thiago Souza de
Published: December 2024

O período gestacional é marcado por intensas transformações, seja a nível metabólico, fisiológico ou estrutural, o que acarreta uma maior demanda nutricional. O estado de nutrição da gestante é determina-se pela ingestão de micro e macro nutrientes, que quando são consumidos inadequadamente, podem gerar potenciais complicações de saúde, tanto para mãe, quanto o bebê. Neste ínterim, a assistência nutricional durante o pré-natal deve ser vista como um componente indispensável e indissociável, uma alimentação adequada é extremamente importante, afinal, a demanda de energia e nutrientes do organismo materno é muito maior para proporcionar o crescimento e desenvolvimento fetal. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho de revisão de literatura tem como objetivo verificar a importância da assistência nutricional no pré-natal de alto risco. Com a elaboração do trabalho foi possível perceber a importância da educação nutricional tanto para o período gestacional quanto pós-gestacional, uma vez que, a mãe detém grande ou total responsabilidade – a depender dos casos e composições familiares –, dos cuidados alimentares dos seus filhos, sendo assim, o cuidado em nutrição protege a saúde da mãe e do bebê durante e após o nascer.
A INFLUÊNCIA DOS TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS NA APLICAÇÃO DAS PENAS: UMA DISCUSSÃO SOBRE COMO OS DIAGNÓSTICOS PSIQUIÁTRICOS AFETAM AS DECISÕES JUDICIAIS, LEVANDO EM CONSIDERAÇÃO A GRAVIDADE E PERICULOSIDADE DO AGENTE
Authors: Moura Israel Messias de Sousa , Silva Maria Eduarda da Costa e , Azevedo Sandryerle da Silva , Martin Flávia Regina Sousa
Published: December 2024

O trabalho aborda a influência dos transtornos mentais na aplicação de penas no sistema judicial brasileiro, analisando como diagnósticos psiquiátricos impactam decisões judiciais em relação à gravidade do transtorno e à periculosidade do agente. O objetivo geral é analisar a influência dos transtornos mentais na aplicação das sanções penais avaliando como a gravidade e a periculosidade impacta nas decisões judiciais e na dosimetria da pena. Especificamente, busca-se definir transtornos mentais, investigar a relevância dos laudos psiquiátricos e compreender como esses elementos influenciam decisões judiciais. A pesquisa é qualitativa e descritiva, baseada em revisão bibliográfica de artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2024 em bases como SciELO, Google Acadêmico e LexML Brasil. Utiliza marcos legais, como o Código Penal, a Constituição Federal e a Lei de Execução Penal, além de análises de casos concretos. Os resultados mostram que laudos psiquiátricos têm papel central na determinação de medidas judiciais, permitindo decisões mais fundamentadas e proporcionais. Casos concretos evidenciam como avaliações de inimputabilidade e periculosidade influenciam medidas de segurança e penas, com base nos princípios de proporcionalidade e razoabilidade. Conclui-se que a integração entre Direito Penal e Psiquiatria é essencial para decisões judiciais justas, equilibrando a proteção social e o respeito à dignidade humana. O avanço em políticas públicas inclusivas e na capacitação técnica de operadores do direito é crucial para consolidar um sistema penal mais equitativo e sensível às questões de saúde mental.
Analisis Yuridis Undang-Undang No 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Accountability Penjual Clouthing Line Terhadap Konsumen Akibat Barang Yang Cacat
Authors: Muhammad Sabrisa Khartanta Ginting Suka  , Nirwan Junus  , Dolot Alhasni Bakung
Published: December 2024

This research aims to find out about the liability of clothing line sellers towards consumers due to defective goods in terms of Law No. 8 of 1999 on consumer protection, the Sickmynd case study. This research aims to determine the liability of clothing line sellers towards consumers who are harmed by defective goods as stipulated in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. And to find out the factors that cause consumers to experience losses due to defective products when buying at SICKMYND Gorontalo. The method used in this research uses a normative type of researcher. Normative legal research is library legal research, namely research on primary data. What is studied are the rules written in laws, norms or other rules. Based on the results of research conducted, even though there are violations, this research highlights the responsibility of producers in overcoming consumer losses due to defective goods. Enforcement of the Consumer Protection Law is important to protect consumer rights and ensure balance in buying and selling relationships in the market. Violations of the Consumer Protection Law, especially Articles 8 to 17, were identified in the SICKMYND CLOTHING LINE business. The prohibition on producing and trading goods and services that do not comply with the standards, conditions and promises stated in labels or sales promotions is a violation that must be avoided by business actors.
Tinjauan Fiqh Mu'amalah terhadap Jual Beli Bibit Udang (Benur) Sistem Sampling di Desa Meluntur Glagah Kabupaten Lamongan
Authors: Moh. Miftahun Ni’am  , Ach. Mus’if
Published: December 2024

This thesis departs from the background of the buying and selling of shrimp seeds in Meluntur Village which does not count the objects of sale and purchase in counting units, but rather in scoop measurements which are then used as sampling for the next measurement. Formulation of the problem regarding the practice of buying and selling shrimp seeds (Benur) using a sampling system in Meluntur Village and reviewing the mu'amalah fiqh regarding the legal practice of buying and selling. The aim of the research and the benefits of the research are to determine the practice of buying and selling shrimp seeds using a sampling system in Meluntur Village and analysis of the legal review of mu'amalah fiqh. The research method in this thesis uses a qualitative method with a descriptive qualitative approach, the research subjects are sellers, namely shrimp seed pond farmers and buyers, with the research object being shrimp seeds. The data sources for this research utilize primary and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis method using data reduction and data presentation and drawing conclusions.
Perbandingan Hukum Mengenai Kewenangan Penyidikan Perkara Pidana Antara Kejaksaan Indonesia dengan Korea Selatan
Authors: Dini Mardhatillah  , Muhammad Ramdan Al Musthafa
Published: December 2024

This research focuses on discussing legal comparisons regarding the authority to investigate criminal cases between prosecutors in Indonesia and South Korea based on the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) and the Criminal Procedure Act of South Korea (CPASK) as the South Korean Criminal Procedure Code. The aim of this research is to compare the authority of the prosecutor's office in investigating criminal cases between Indonesia and South Korea, which is reviewed using the Criminal Procedure Code of each country. The research method used is normative legal research through a statutory approach. The results of the research concluded that the Prosecutor's Office in Indonesia is not given the authority by the Criminal Procedure Code to investigate criminal acts, but there is a gap provided by Law No. 16 of 2004 for the prosecutor's office to investigate specific criminal acts such as corruption and money laundering. As for general crimes, the prosecutor's office does not have the authority to carry out investigations because the position of the prosecutor's office is as a prosecuting agency. Meanwhile, in South Korea, the prosecutor's office is given the authority by CPASK to carry out criminal investigations, both general and specific, both directly and indirectly. Both have their respective advantages and disadvantages. In South Korea, it is considered more efficient in terms of time and costs as well as fast handling of cases because they are handled by the same agency and prosecutors have more control over criminal cases that are being handled specifically for follow-up to the prosecution and examination stages in court.
Penerapan Asas Keadilan dalam Perjanjian Bagi Hasil Laut (Ikan) Antara Pemilik Kapal dan Anak Buah Kapal di Desa Lamahala Jaya Kecamatan Adonara Timur Kabupaten Flores Timur
Authors: Takdir Abdurahman  , Siti Ramlah Usman  , Helsina Fransiska Pello
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the application of the principle of justice in the agreement of marine profit sharing (fish) between the ship owner and the crew in Lamahala Jaya Village, East Adonara District, East Flores Regency. The type of research used by the author is Empirical Legal research, the type of data used in this research is qualitative data. The data used in the research based on the relevance of the source data, namely primary, secondary and tertiary data. The results of this study suggest that: (1) The application of the principle of justice in the agreement of marine profit sharing (fish) between the ship owner and the crew in Lamahala Jaya Village, East Adonara Subdistrict, East Flores Regency which is carried out has been going well but is still not maximized in the distribution of results, many of the crew feel that the division is not evenly distributed due to the wages received are different. (2) The agreement is made orally (not written) so that it is detrimental to the crew because it does not have legal force in proving this is even more beneficial to the ship owner, the low productivity of the performance of the crew which affects the amount of wages received different from other crew members, increasing operational needs, the wages received by the crew can be low compared to the captain and ship owner.
The potential of drone observations to improve air quality predictions by 4D-Var
Authors: Erraji Hassnae , Franke Philipp , Lampert Astrid , Schuldt Tobias , Tillmann Ralf , Wahner Andreas , Lange Anne Caroline
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Vertical profiles of atmospheric pollutants, acquired by uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs, known as drones), represent a new type of observation that can help to fill the existing observation gap in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This article presents the first study of assimilating air pollutant observations from drones to evaluate the impact on local air quality analysis. The study uses the high-resolution air quality model EURAD-IM (EURopean Air pollution Dispersion – Inverse Model), including the four-dimensional variational data assimilation system (4D-Var), to perform the assimilation of ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxide (NO) vertical profiles. 4D-Var is an inverse modelling technique that allows for simultaneous adjustments of initial values and emissions rates. The drone data were collected during the MesSBAR (automated airborne measurement of air pollution levels in the near-earth atmosphere in urban areas) field campaign, which was conducted in Wesseling, Germany, on 22–23 September 2021. The results show that the 4D-Var assimilation of high-resolution drone measurements has a beneficial impact on the representation of regional air pollutants within the model. On both days, a significant improvement in the vertical distribution of O3 and NO is noticed in the analysis compared to the reference simulation without data assimilation. Moreover, the validation of the analysis against independent observations shows an overall improvement in the bias, root mean square error, and correlation for O3, NO, and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) ground concentrations at the measurement site as well as in the surrounding region. Furthermore, the assimilation allows for the deduction of emission correction factors in the area near the measurement site, which significantly contributes to the improvement in the analysis.
Technical note: A low-cost, automatic soil–plant–atmosphere enclosure system to investigate CO2 and evapotranspiration flux dynamics
Authors: Al Hamwi Wael , Dubbert Maren , Schaller Jörg , Lück Matthias , Schmidt Marten , Hoffmann Mathias
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Investigating greenhouse gases (GHGs) and water flux dynamics within the soil–plant–atmosphere interphase is key for understanding ecosystem functioning, as they reflect the ecosystem's responses to environmental changes. Understanding these responses is essential for developing sustainable agricultural systems that can help to adapt to global challenges such as increased drought. Typically, an initial understanding of GHGs and water flux dynamics is gained through laboratory or greenhouse pot experiments, where gas exchange is often measured using commercially available manual closed-chamber (leaf) systems. However, these systems are rather expensive and often labor-intensive, thus limiting the number of different treatments and their repetitions that can be studied. Here, we present a fully automatic, low-cost (EUR <1000 per unit) multi-chamber system based on Arduino, termed “greenhouse coffins”. It is designed to continuously measure canopy CO2 and evapotranspiration (ET) fluxes. It can operate in two modes: an independent and a dependent measurement mode. The independent measurement mode utilizes low-cost NDIR (non-dispersive infrared) CO2 (K30 FR) and relative humidity (SHT31) sensors, thus making each greenhouse coffin a fully independent measurement device. The dependent measurement mode connects multiple greenhouse coffins via a low-cost multiplexer (EUR <250) to a single infrared gas analyzer (LI-850, LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, USA), allowing for measurements in series, achieving cost efficiency while also gaining more flexibility in terms of target GHG fluxes (potential extension to N2O, CH4 and stable isotopes). In both modes, CO2 and ET fluxes are determined through the respective concentration increase during closure time. We tested both modes and demonstrated that the presented system is able to deliver precise and accurate CO2 and ET flux measurements using low-cost sensors, with an emphasis on calibrating the sensors to improve measurement precision. By connecting multiple greenhouse coffins via our low-cost multiplexer to a single infrared gas analyzer in the dependent mode, we could additionally show that the system can efficiently measure CO2 and ET fluxes in a high temporal resolution across various treatments with both labor and cost efficiency. Therefore, the developed system is expected to be a valuable tool for conducting greenhouse experiments, enabling comprehensive testing of plant–soil dynamic responses to various treatments and conditions.
Surface buoyancy control of millennial-scale variations in the Atlantic meridional ocean circulation
Authors: Willeit Matteo , Ganopolski Andrey , Edwards Neil R. , Rahmstorf Stefan
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events are a pervasive feature of glacial climates. It is widely accepted that the associated changes in climate, which are most pronounced in the North Atlantic region, are caused by abrupt changes in the strength and/or northward extent of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), possibly originating from spontaneous transitions in the ocean–sea-ice–atmosphere system. Here we use an Earth system model that produces DO-like events to show that the climate conditions under which millennial-scale AMOC variations occur are controlled by the surface ocean buoyancy flux. In particular, we find that the present-day-like convection pattern with deep-water formation in the Labrador and Nordic seas becomes unstable when the buoyancy flux integrated over the northern North Atlantic turns from negative to positive. It is in the proximity of this point that the model produces transitions between different convection patterns associated with strong and weak AMOC states. The buoyancy flux depends on the surface freshwater and heat fluxes and on sea surface temperature through the temperature dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient of seawater. We find that larger ice sheets tend to stabilize convection by decreasing the net freshwater flux, while CO2-induced cooling decreases buoyancy loss and destabilizes convection. These results help to explain the conditions under which DO events appear and are a step towards an improved understanding of the mechanisms of abrupt climate changes.
Alternating cold and warm periods during the European late-Holocene
Authors: van Dijk Evelien J. C. , Raible Christoph C. , Sigl Michael , Jungclaus Johann , Wanner Heinz
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The decadal to centennial scale climate variability of the past 4000 years consists of colder and warmer periods, potentially initiated by fast varying external forcing, or the lack thereof. These alternating cold and warm periods are most clearly visualized by the waxing and waning of glaciers in the Northern Hemisphere. However, these cold and warm periods are neither spatially nor temporally consistent, and using these defined periods to interpret local variations in climate and society could prove difficult. Here, we use two global earth system models, as well as available proxy reconstructions to examine to which extent the defined warm and cold periods of the last 4000 years before the industrial period are reflected in the climate for Northern, Southern, and Central Europe. We find that on regional scales, the relative role of internal variability appears more pronounced compared to the externally forced signal, thereby decreasing the forcing signal in local climate records. In addition, one model suggests that the climate variability for Northern Europe follows the external forcing more closely than the climate of Central and especially Southern Europe, while the other model shows rather ambiguous results. This study illustrates that periods defined by glacier advances and archaeology have to be carefully used in the interpretation of past events at a local scale, as it is likely that internal variability dominates on such scales.
Enhancing Medical Education: The Impact of Deliberate Practice on Learning Human Physiology
Authors: Silva Souza Júlia , Penido Safe Lavínia , Martins da Costa Lopes Airton , Scalabrini - Neto Augusto
Published: December 2024

Background: Simulation-Based Learning (SBL) has potential in health education, yet it remains underutilized at the undergraduate level. Active teaching methodologies, such as deliberate practice, are known to enhance skills like leadership, self-confidence, and teamwork. This study aimed to evaluate the medical students’ perception of deliberate practice in learning Human Physiology at a private medical school in Brazil.
Methods: An observational qualitative and quantitative study was conducted in 2022 and 2023 using an online questionnaire, including 198 participants. An inferential statistical analysis was conducted, using Fisher's exact test at a 0.05 level of significance, to assess the association between categorical variables.
Results: Overall, students had a positive perception of deliberate practice. A significant proportion (66.8%) strongly agreed that they developed teamwork skills through the scenarios. Additionally, 83.7% strongly agreed that access to realistic simulation environments enhanced their learning. In terms of emotions, 67.9% felt motivated, while 37.8% experienced anxiety during the scenarios. The statistical analysis revealed a significant association between the sum scores of each section and the binary response (“yes” or “no”) to the question “Do you like the practical classes of Human Physiology?” (p < 0.05), with the exception of the Negative Emotions sum. This indicates that higher section scores are associated with a greater likelihood of students liking the practical classes.
Conclusion: The integration of deliberate practice into the Human Physiology curriculum has positively impacted students’ learning and skill development. However, enhancements are needed to create a safer emotional environment for students.
Compact scheme with two-sided estimates for nonlinear convection-diffusion-reaction equations
Authors: Nwaigwe Chinedu
Published: December 2024

It is desirable that a numerical method is high-order accurate, compact, efficient and able to simulate purely convection problems. Most existing high-order methods for convection-diffusion-reaction equations (CDREs) either cannot simulate purely-convection problems, or reduce to first order when they can, or require larger stencil to maintain high-order accuracy. This is challenging, especially due to the convection term which can easily lead to oscillatory solutions if naively approximated. This paper proposes a spatially second-order scheme which is able to simulate purely-convection problems with high-order accuracy on minimal stencil. Our idea is based on non-standard central discretization of the convection term. We first discretize the diffusion term in both space and time but discretize the convection term in space only. Next, the semi-discrete convection term is split into positive and negative parts. Transport coefficients are evaluated explicitly in time while different spatial operators are discretized either implicitly or explicitly such that positivity of canonical form is guaranteed. This led to a second-order scheme with all the above desirable properties. Under smoothness assumptions consistency is proved, discrete maximum principle is used to derived two-sided bounds on the numerical solution, and convergence is proved in maximum norm. Several numerical examples are provided to verify the second-order spatial accuracy, convergence and the ability to simulate purely convection problems.
Caffeine Exerts Neither Ergogenic nor Hypoalgesic Effects on Sprint Interval Exercise with Intensive Exercise-Induced Muscle Pain
Authors: Matsumura Teppei , Sakai Yuya , Fukuzawa Kazushi , Kojima Chihiro , Hashimoto Takeshi
Published: December 2024

Sprint interval exercise can cause transient, intense exercise-induced pain (EIP) during and several minutes after the activity. A hypoalgesic strategy for high-intensity exercise, such as sprint interval exercise, against EIP is necessary to maintain exercise habituation and improve training quality/exercise performance. Preexercise caffeine supplementation, a well-known ergogenic strategy, may improve sprint performance and alleviate EIP as the hypoalgesic strategy. However, whether preexercise caffeine supplementation exhibits both the ergogenic effect on sprint interval performance and the hypoalgesic effect on intensive EIP during and several minutes after high intensity sprint interval exercise remains unknown, and thus we investigated to clarify those points. In this double-blind, randomized, crossover trial, sixteen male collegiate athletes performed 3 sets of 30-sec all-out Wingate pedaling exercises at 2-min intervals. Participants ingested 6 mg·kg-1 caffeine or placebo via capsules at 60 min prior to exercise. Quadriceps EIP was measured using a visual analogue scale during and up to 20 min after exercise. The results showed that caffeine did not significantly affect peak or mean power during sprint interval exercise (peak power: P = 0.196, ηp2 = 0.11, mean power: P = 0.157, ηp2 = 0.13; interaction). No significant interactions were also found for quadriceps EIP during (P = 0.686, ηp2 = 0.03) and immediately after exercise (P = 0.112, ηp2 = 0.12), nor for changes in physiological responses (blood lactate and ammonia concentrations) and caffeine-induced side effects (all P > 0.05). In conclusion, caffeine had no ergogenic or hypoalgesic effects on sprint interval exercise with intensive EIP.
Effect of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles on Particulate Emissions and Carbon Deposition in Compression Ignition Engines
Authors: Ghoto Sher Muhammad , Raja Ramez , Bhnagwar Sajjad , Rehman Faisal , Qazi Abdullah , Ahmed Habib , Waseem Tooba
Published: December 2024

Rapid urbanization worldwide is driving increased demand for petroleum products. Yet, crude oil reserves—finite, geographically concentrated resources—are insufficient to meet this rising need, especially in countries lacking substantial fossil fuel reserves. This situation underscores the urgency of shifting toward alternative energy sources before reserves are exhausted. This study conducted particulate matter emissions and endurance testing using diesel fuel mixed with aluminum oxide nanoparticles. The endurance test involved a single-cylinder, horizontal diesel engine, running for 60 hours without modifications. Two fuel samples were examined: D100 (pure diesel) as the baseline and D97Al?O? (97% diesel with 3% aluminum oxide nanoparticles). Engine performance metrics and sound pressure levels were recorded at a constant 1400 RPM, with variable loads from 0.0 to 1.6 Kg-m, incremented by 0.1 Kg-m. The load was set at 1.0 Kg-m for endurance testing with a constant 1400 RPM. Visual inspection of fuel injector tips helped analyze the deposition of aromatic compounds on injector surfaces for each fuel sample. Electron microscopy provided detailed insights into deposit formation, showing that carbon deposition was reduced by 22.22% when aluminum oxide was used as an additive further analysis of the particulate matter emissions the results shows that PM reduced by 12.08% in aluminum oxide compared to the diesel fuel. Because they aid in the creation of cleaner fuel technologies that can lessen reliance on traditional petroleum products and minimize pollution, the study's findings have wider energy and environmental ramifications.
Cinestesia: Sentidos corporais e percepção em um processo criativo na dança
Authors: Carvalho Franco da Silveira Juliana , Paes de Freitas Hester
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como integrantes do Grupo Rascunho de dança experienciaram as propostas de ampliação da experiência sensorial e da percepção de si ao longo da montagem do espetáculo Cinestesia (2022). Com abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e interpretativa, os dados da pesquisa, produzidos nos encontros do grupo, foram registrados em áudio, vídeo, diário de bordo e articulados com a literatura de referência. Como resultado, observamos o desenvolvimento de um modo cinestésico de atenção – que envolveu propriocepção, sistema vestibular, visão e pele – e o surgimento de padrões de movimento não usuais. Notamos ainda que os corpos se tornaram mais resilientes em relação ao espaço e que houve aumento da sensação de vitalidade
Entre itans, memórias e imaginários: infâncias dos terreiros e suas presenças artístico-religiosas
Authors: Lemos Soares Rodrigo
Published: December 2024

Os terreiros são espaços educativos forjados por saberes ancestrais que envolvem mitologia, transmissão oral, ritualísticas, canto, dança e corporalidades. As crianças, ao circularem nos terreiros aprendem, ensinam e expressam seus saberes, principalmente pelas danças desses locais. O texto que segue tem o objetivo de investigar como as crianças e infâncias são percebidas nas dinâmicas religiosas em terreiros da região sul, do RS, pelas narrativas dos dirigentes das casas religiosas. As atitudes metodológicas centraram-se no campo dos Estudos Culturais conduzidos pela Análise Cultural bricolada com elementos da História Oral, conta com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com onze dirigentes de terreiros e a produção de diários de campo. Enquanto resultados é possível compreender relações de autonomia e liberdade para livre expressão das infâncias. Dito isso, as crianças, dentro dos terreiros estudados, performam os saberes que possuem, geralmente pelas danças, mas, também se utilizam do canto como uma forma de reiterar seus conhecimentos e requerer suas presenças, a partir de estruturas cênicas constituídas na interlocução entre imaginário e realidade.
Da dança que se pensa para a dança que se dança
Authors: Batista de Jesus Jovair , Gomes Ribeiro Luciana
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho apresenta os caminhos da pesquisa de mestrado: Da dança que se pensa para a dança que se dança, realizada no componente de Arte na educação pública municipal de Rio Verde, Goiás. O objetivo geral foi investigar a aproximação dos/as estudantes/as matriculados/as no Ensino Fundamental II (6º ao 9º ano) da Escola Municipal Rural de Ensino Fundamental Vale do Rio Doce com a dança a partir de uma dimensão estético-sensível e de uma perspectiva crítico-emancipatória. A pesquisa se caracteriza como qualitativa de caráter artístico associada à dança na escola e se configurou como uma pesquisa participante, envolvendo 153 estudantes. A análise diagnóstica identificou os perfis dos/as estudantes/as público-alvo e os tipos de experiências que possuíam com a dança e foi construído um mapa das suas experiências e expectativas sobre o assunto. Foram desenvolvidas ações de dança que provocaram uma ampliação da percepção sobre a mesma, a realidade e o mundo. Foram coletados depoimentos das crianças que apresentaram as particularidades das experiências vivenciadas durante o desenvolvimento da proposta. Os registros audiovisuais e os depoimentos orais e escritos foram reunidos em um produto artístico-pedagógico no formato de documentário, intitulado “Dança você faz eu me sentir muito confusa, mas eu adoro você”.
Pistas para uma azulejaria cênica: elementos do patrimônio como materialidade na educação básica
Authors: Salume Mendonça Célida
Published: December 2024

O trabalho relatado é resultante de uma Missão de Trabalho do Programa de Internacionalização Capes Print - UFBA realizada em 2022 na cidade de Évora (PT) vinculada ao Centro de História da Arte e Investigação Artística (CHAIA) - UEVORA. O objetivo dessa missão era desenvolver uma ação artístico pedagógica intensificando o encontro de diferentes saberes entre Brasil e Portugal, considerando suas formas de subjetivação através da instauração de percursos criativos teatrais, envolvendo espaço público, patrimônio, memória, afeto e pertencimento. A abordagem metodológica abrangeu reuniões de planejamento das ações com professores e artistas; pesquisa de campo, identificação e visitas preparatórias aos locais de patrimônio azulejar relevante em Évora; percurso de descoberta do patrimônio com as crianças, professoras e artistas de 3º e 4º ano da Escola EB1 Cruz da Picada; orientação de duas sessões de improvisação dramática com as crianças, em torno do tema; concepção e execução de exposição documental e fotográfica. Os resultados obtidos voltam-se para o aperfeiçoamento da formação de docentes, educadores em geral e pesquisadores da Pedagogia das Artes Cênicas.
Discurso e visualidade a partir de Foucault
Authors: Beccari Marcos
Published: December 2024

Este estudo delineia coordenadas conceituais para a investigação do discurso e da visualidade em arte e design a partir do ferramental de Michel Foucault. Não é o caso de propor um “modo de usar” a obra desse filósofo e sim uma leitura possível sobre tal arsenal, com vistas a um horizonte que o excede. Após assinalar o caráter dinâmico e correlacional dessa proposição, as coordenadas são ordenadas em: (1) relações de poder, (2) regimes de verdade, (3) discurso e visualidade, por fim, (4) arte e design. Ao final, argumenta-se que a análise das correlações discursivo-visuais permite vislumbrar como as práticas contemporâneas estão sempre enredadas em valores, condutas e modos de olhar. O artigo sugere ainda que a arte e o design poderiam se beneficiar da leitura ora proposta, que abre um novo horizonte interpretativo em torno da contínua (re)elaboração de nossas experiências e subjetividades.
Online hate speech in the new digital public sphere
Authors: Barroso Paulo
Published: December 2024

This article explores the social phenomenon of online hate speech in the contemporary digital public sphere, focusing on the intersection between free speech and the proliferation of misinformation on the Facebook. Two main objectives guide the research: first, to analyse how hate speech manifests itself in the new digital public sphere, where one of the main stages is on Facebook, exploring the dynamics that amplify the dissemination of harmful content; second, evaluate Facebook’s role in the digital misinformation ecosystem, considering its impact on free speech. The methodology is theoretical-conceptual, following exploratory qualitative research, with bibliographical review and documentary research. The research explores the specific case of hate speech on Facebook, involving the dissemination of discriminatory messages and content against the Rohingya, a Muslim ethnic minority in Myanmar, highlighting patterns, narratives, and impacts. The research considers Facebook’s policy responses and their effectiveness in mitigating hate speech. This article seeks to contribute to the critical understanding of the tensions between free speech and digital responsibility, offering valuable insights into the challenges of digital misinformation in the era of Facebook, as well as for a deeper understanding of the dynamics between free speech, social media networks, hate speech and digital misinformation.