bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study between aluminium sulphate and Lemna perpusilla as coagulants for water treatment: case study Lake Cibuntu, West Java
Authors: Prihatinningtyas E
Published: August 2020

Coagulation is a key process in water treatment. The ability of two coagulants, aluminium sulphate (alum) as inorganic coagulant and Lemna perpusilla as natural coagulant was assessed using standard jar test measurement. Both coagulants were evaluated with turbidity, Total Organic Matter (TOM) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) parameters. The results showed that both coagulants were able to remove 100 % of water turbidity with initial turbidity 13.56 NTU. However increasing the coagulants doses, also will increase the concentration of TSS. The use of alum and L. perpusilla as a coagulant will increase concentration of TSS by 12.68% and 252.11% respectively. Application of alum tends to reduce the concentration of TOM by 20.25%, while L. perpusilla will actually increase the concentration of TOM by 74.85%. Although not as effective as alum, L. perpusilla showed sufficient removal capability for treatment of turbid waters from Cibuntu Lake. The optimum dose of L. perpusilla should be considered to minimize side effects on produced water such as increasing TOM and TSS concentration.
Performance of IPAG60 for the treatment of turbid water from Lake Cibuntu, Cibinong
Authors: Sutapa I D A , Prihatinningtyas E
Published: August 2020

Water is the main need of all beings. People need water to fulfil their daily needs such as drinking, bathing, washing and other sanitation activities. The more population, the more activities that require water, so the greater the need for clean and or drinking water. Indonesian people require an average of 144 L/day/person of water. The level of clean water services in various regions in Indonesia is still relatively low, 45.85% in average, especially in the marginal area. Most of the water treatment plant in marginal areas cannot produce viable clean/drinking water, both in quality and quantity. Lake Cibuntu is a small artificial lake located in the Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong. It used as raw water for Peat Water Treatment Plant (IPAG60) and whose all measured parameters close to the required standard of the Regulation of Ministry of Health No 492/2010. This study aims to determine the performance of IPAG60 in treating water from Lake Cibuntu into clean water based on physical, chemical and biological parameters. Results showed that the quality of producing water meets the standards. The performance of efficiency achieved is 95% and can be maintained for 3 months of operations. Comparative studies between producing water from IPAG60 and local water company (PDAM) showed that the production water of IPAG60 has better quality. In case of water color, produced water from IPAG60 has a color level of 4 NTU, while tap water from PDAM has a color level of 11 NTU.
Development of technique for assessing urban water security in Depok City
Authors: Rachman L M , Rachman R A , Rahmalia N , Ain A Q , Wahjunie E D
Published: August 2020

Rapid urbanization, population growth and economic drivers forced megacities, metropolises, and many cities around the world face increasing challenges to manage water security in urban areas. The urban water security (UWS) issues becomes more attracting attention of various parties, especially those involved in planning of supply and allocation of urban water, implementation and operation of urban water management all together with systems and techniques for assessing UWS along with the indicators used. This study aimed to: 1) review the assessment system of accomplishment to meet the needs of clean water in the Depok City by PDAM Tirta Asasta Depok (PDAM TAD) and then comparing with the standard of UWS assessment used by the world’s leading cities, 2) develop and propose technique, criteria and indicators for assessing UWS of Depok City. Performance assessment of PDAM TAD in 2018 for serving drinking water in Depok City by using BPPSPAM Guidelines showed that PDAM TAD is classified as “well company”. However, a new technique together with indicators to assess UWS of Depok City is still needed to develop and propose since BPPSPAM Guideline has not fully covered and resembled the criteria and indicators used to measure UWS used widely by the world’s leading cities.
Diurnal variation of the water quality parameters in the waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) for water treatment of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) ponds with closed re-circulation system
Authors: Ajie G A , Setiadewi N
Published: August 2020

Organic wastes from Floating Fish Cage Aquaculture (FCA) activities have polluted many inland water bodies, from small reservoirs to major lakes in Indonesia. It has become a national priority to restore ecosystem health in Lake Maninjau. The lake has suffered from the harmful effects of approximately 17,000 units of FCA on its surface area. Better FCA practices that would improve its adjacent water quality have been proposed. The FCA should utilize a more excellent net that would confine its waste. Using a connection pump, the wastewater within this net could then be circulated into a wetland system for its water quality improvement. The proposed wetland system consists of a series of Waste Stabilization Ponds (WSP) and Constructed Wetland Compartments. For the initial stage, a study has been conducted to test the performance of the WSP with approximately six days of hydraulic retention time (HRT) to improve water quality from the Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) ponds in the Prototype Laboratory of Research Centre for Limnology-LIPI. Two major problems in IMTA, namely organic deposition and low of dissolved oxygen (DO), especially concerning its diurnal variations in the system, have not been studied yet. Water qualities of the WSP ponds were measured every 2 hours for three days (22-25 May 2019). Water quality parameters measured were pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, temperature, oxidation and reduction potential (ORP), and total dissolved solids (TDS). A closed re-circulation within the WSP system was then applied for the last two days of the study period. The result showed that DO values in the effluent pond during the day were significantly higher than the night. In the maturation and facultative ponds, DO values difference ranged from 2.5-3 mg/L and 1.1-4.4 mg/L, respectively. The highest DO (5.98 mg/L) was measured in the maturation pond at 3.00 PM and values were lowest almost to 0 mg/L during the first day in the anaerobic ponds. While for turbidity, the highest was observed in the anaerobic ponds for 41 NTU and were decreased to stable values of an average of 5.3 NTU in the maturation pond on the third day. At the end of the observation, marked increase of DO and decrease in turbidity have occurred in the system. A closed recirculation system within WSP can be used as an option to increase the performance of the wetland system.
Antibacterial activity of Anadendrum microstachyum and Selaginella plana against two pathogenic bacteria (Edwardsiella ictaluri and Streptococcus agalactiae) causing freshwater fish diseases
Authors: Novita H , Novitaningrum A D , Madusari B D , Nugraha M F I , Rajamuddin M A , Yunita R , Enggarini W , Reflinur
Published: August 2020

Aquatic plants are potential to use as antibacterial to control pathogens that cause disease in fish. The antibacterial activity of extracts of Anadendrum microstachyum and Selaginella plana were tested against Edwardsiella ictaluri and Streptococcus agalactiae using disc diffusion Kirby-Bauer method. Plant extracts of A. microstachyum and S. plana at concentration 0.2 g could inhibit E. ictaluri and S. agalactiae; therefore A. microstachyum and S. plana are potential be developed as antibacterial compounds to substitute the use of antibiotic in fish farming and as candidates new drug to prevent and control of diseases in aquaculture.
Endemic and invasive species of Lake Matano and allowable suspended solid load to sustain high species endemism
Authors: Sulastri  , Harsono E , Ridwansyah I , Dina R , Melati I
Published: August 2020

Lake Matano, an ancient tectonic, is characterized by its high degree of aquatic fauna endemism and richness dwelling the littoral bed. Two main issues threatening the sustainability of those species are 1) high rate of land conversion and 2) the occurrence of invasive fish species. Through this study, we unveiled how sediment load from converted lands may have influenced the habitat of the endemic species. Based on our hydrodynamic simulation, suspended solid loads from the incoming streams have been accumulating in certain littoral areas of the lake, which is the preferable habitat for most endemic species. We computed that the maximum suspended solid loads from those inlets is 25 kg/day in order to minimize the impact of sedimentation in littoral zones. An in-depth analysis of species interaction in the littoral zone was also performed to depict probable threats to endemic fauna dwelling littoral areas of the lake.
Nitrogen uptake competition between minute duckweed (LemnaperpusillaTorr) and microalgae under various nutrient composition
Authors: Satya A , Satya I A , Chrismadha T
Published: August 2020

Implementation of minute duckweed (Lemnaperpusilla) in an integrated aquaculture system for encouraging movement of in-lake floating cage aquaculture to inland base aquaculture has been emphasized as one among various measures for restoring the degraded Lake Maninjau water quality. Unfortunately, in the field, there is a harmful competition between microalgae and duckweed for nutrient uptake. This paper reports an attempt to find out suitable nutrient solution composition for supporting duckweed growth while suppressing the microalgal proliferations. Batch culture of the plant with six varied media treatments (A to L) whichmade from Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium (NPK) fertilizers basis enriched with trace elements, bio-algaecide (Terminalia Cattapa extract), and molasses solutions were examined. The adsorption of TN by duckweed and the assemblage of natural microalgae community was quantified and modelled using mass balance concept approach and non-linear equations. The result showed that among of 12 obtained models, treatment E (a solution which made from NPK fertilizer enriched with molasses and trace element) was the most favourable media composition for promoting duckweed growth and simultaneously suppressed microalgae growth. It is proven from the fact that the TN uptake patterns and the chlorophyll-a content which show chlorophyll-a content werethree magnitudes higher than those were found in treatment A (the most optimum medium for growing microalgae community). The TN uptake rate by minute duckweedin treatment of E was observed as much as 251.54 mg/m2/day while that ofmicroalgae was 208.60 mg/m2/day.
Cadmium distribution in water, microalgae biomass, and sediment of River Bonan Dolok, Samosir-North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Satya A , Sulawesty F , Yustiawati  , Widiyanto T
Published: August 2020

River Bonan Dolok in Samosir is located on the watershed of Lake Toba, an ancient volcanic lake in North Sumatra. Some parts of this river bordered with paddy fields, a common source of cadmium through the leaching process, which then released into the water body. Meanwhile, this river has been proposed as endemic fish (called in the local name as Ihan) conservation area and eco-tourism area. Therefore a scientific reference base management concept is needed. Spatial distribution of cadmium (Cd) must be revealed since this metal is very toxic and can be easily transferred and accumulated in the aquatic food chain. This study aims to inform the distribution of Cd in water, microalgae biomass and sediment. All samples were taken compositely from the upper stream (Station 1), Station 2, Station 3, and lower stream (Station 4) in April 2019. The structure of microalgae community is also identified. The results show that Chlorophyte (mostly consisted of Microspora sp) biomass at Station 2, has the highest Cd concentration (0.57 µgCd/g dry weight). While Cyanophyte (dominated by Microcyctis aeruginosa) even observed bloomed at station 4, shows a lower Cd concentration (0.12µgCd/g dry weight). The distribution of Cd in water and sediment (particle size of ≤63 µm) at those sampling stations as well as some water quality also discussed. The range of Cd concentration in water was 0.02 to 0.64 µg Cd/L, while that in sediment was 0.10 to 0.39 µgCd/g dry weight. These data are expected to be used as essential references for developing the management concept of Bonan Dolok ecotourism area in the future.
Organic matter and organic carbon levels in sediments of Lake Maninjau, West Sumatra
Authors: Dianto A , Ridwansyah I , Subehi L
Published: August 2020

The organic matter content of lake sediments provides a variety of indicators, or proxies that can be used to reconstruct paleoenvironments of lakes and their watersheds. Particularly, in this study it will provide information that is important to interpretations of both natural and human-induced changes in lake ecosystems. The abundance of organic matter in sediments is described from the total organic carbon (TOC) because it’s a primary parameter. Moreover, Algae is the main source of organic carbon in the eutrophic lake. Lake Maninjau that located in West Sumatra has been eutrophic due to increasing of lake water utilization for floating fish cages, in recent years Lake Maninjau has faced an algal bloom frequently. Four sediments core were collected in Lake Maninjau from the lowest (near coastal) and deepest part (30 cm long core in average). Total organic matter (TOM) was performed using Lost on Ignition method (LoI) in whole cores, while total organic carbon (TOC) was analyzed using combustion analyzer method in one core that was taken in the deepest part of Lake Maninjau. TOM in Lake Maninjau among the cores varied between 21 to 34% at the surface, then decreased slowly as a depth. The percentage of surface TOM in the near coastal is elevated to the deepest part (21% to 34%). The TOC content in the surface was 9%. According to the Mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment (MAIA) Estuaries the TOC concentrations in the sediments was in the range of high organic carbon level (>3%). The high value of TOC level in the surface sediment was controlled by algal productivity.
Realizing the Dead Sea Lakes Region in Rote Islands to be a geopark using multidisciplinary spatial information approach
Authors: Julzarika A , Laksono D P , Kayat  , Subehi L , Dewi E K , Sofiyuddin H A , Nugraha M F I , Anggraini N , Setianto A , Janwes  , Yudhatama D
Published: August 2020

Rote Ndao Regency is the southernmost region of Indonesia bordering Australia and Timor Leste. This regency has varieties of unique and endemic geology, biodiversity and inland waters. The regency has some 80 lakes where around 20 are saltwater lakes. The salinity of these lakes exceeds the salinity of seawater. The majority of these saltwater lakes are located in the Dead Sea Lake Region of Rote islands. Geologically, the islands have mixed deformations that move vertically and horizontally and are lifted partially from the Australian continent. The biodiversity in this region is also unique as there is a Roti snake-necked turtle that enters endangered animals. There are also unique mangroves conditions that live far from water sources due to vertical deformation. Rote Ndao also has areas of peat coal that are mixed with saltwater areas, freshwater areas, and brackish water areas. Remote sensing can be used to help effectively and efficiently in geological, biodiversity and inland waters mapping. This study aims to inform the related spatial information of the frontier region of Rote Ndao with the use of multidisciplinary remote sensing to realize Geopark. This multidisciplinary approach in remote sensing applications is used to obtain spatial information based on geo-biophysical and classification parameters. Data used in the form of ~ 65-70% remote sensing data and ~30-35% non-remote sensing data. Remote sensing data in the form of Landsat, Sentinel, WorldView-2, Planet, Grace, Goce, Champ, and others. This multidisciplinary approach includes remote sensing, geodesy, geology, limnology, biodiversity, water resources, forest conservation, and geo-informatics. The uniqueness of geology and biodiversity in the Dead Sea Lake Region of Rote is expected to make this region become a Geopark.
Utilization of DSM and DTM for Spatial Information in Lake Border
Authors: Julzarika A , Harintaka
Published: August 2020

Lake is one part of inland waters and plays an important role in human life and the surrounding environment. Lakes need to be preserved, especially in the lake area and its border. One way to preserve the lake is to map the potential of spatial information in the lake and its surroundings. Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and Digital Surface Model (DSM) can be used to obtain spatial information in the lake border. DTM and DSM can be extracted from terrestrial and non-terrestrial mapping such as remote sensing satellites. The study area in this study is Lake Oeduli on Rote Island. This study aims to inform the potential utilization of DSM and DTM for the spatial border of lakes. The potential is in the form of determining the lakeside line, lake border area, and vegetation height. All of these potentials can be extracted from DSM and DTM. This DSM and DTM can also be dynamic and non-dynamic. The results of this study can be utilized as a method for spatial information extraction of lake borders in support of national inland waters.
Water balance of Maninjau watershed with SWAT hydrological model
Authors: Ridwansyah I , Rustini H A , Yulianti M , Apip  , Harsono E
Published: August 2020

Lake Maninjau was one of the international tourist destinations before the 2000s. Aside from being used as a source of 66 MW hydroelectric power built in 1972, currently, this caldera lake is also used for aquaculture. Lake Maninjau ecosystem, which consists of water bodies and watersheds, has an area of 23,729.3 Ha. The surface area of Lake Maninjau at +461.5 m asl is 9,737.5 Ha. Calculation of water balance in the Lake Maninjau watershed becomes a necessity because of its multi-functional status. Maninjau watershed water balance is estimated using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) model. Rainfall data from Climate Hazard Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) was reanalyzed and compared with local rainfall data. The simulation conducted for 1981 - 2019 on the sub-watershed scale produced NSE and R2 values of 0.61 and 0.7, respectively. The simulation was scaled up for the entire catchment of Lake Maninjau. Simulation results showed that an average annual rainfall of 2,483.9 mm/year produced a surface flow, interflow, base flow, and recharge to aquifer of 7.8 mm/year, 1397.4 mm/year, 273.4 mm/year and 14.7 mm/year, respectively.
Diversity of fish caught using gill nets in Lake Sentarum, West Kalimantan – Indonesia
Authors: Haryani G S , Hidayat  , Samir O
Published: August 2020

Lake Sentarum National Park (LSNP) is a Ramsar site located in the Upper Kapuas Regency, Province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. This national park is an unique freshwater fish habitat formed by flat basin or floodplain with fluctuated water level throughout the year in response to rainfall and supply of water from the Kapuas River system. This study aims at describing the fish diversity variation in the LSNP caught using gill nets during high water period (rainy season) in March, June, October 2013, and June 2014 and during low water period (dry season) in March 2014. Samples were taken in three locations, i.e. River Tawang (outlet), Lake Pengembung, and Lake Belida. Six orders, 15 families, and 39 fish species were found. The total number of species found during the low water depth period was less (20 species) than that during high water depth period (32 species). ‘Flood-pulse’ cycle and the corresponding rise and drop of water level in the floodplain area, sustained by aquatic productivity and habitat diversity, are considered to be the responsible hydrologically controlled seasonal variation in the study area.
Diversity and length-weight relationships of fishes from Lake Cala in tide season
Authors: Sawestri S , Herlan
Published: August 2020

Lake Cala, a fishery potential oxbow lake, is located in Musi Banyuasin, South Sumatra. Lake Cala is a wetland that flooded during high tide and become land in dry season. The study was conducted to determine present status of the diversity and the condition of fish. This study has been done at Lake Cala in February until March 2017. On this tide season, data were collected by fishers. The fish sampling was conducted using hook line, cast nets, gillnets and fish traps (corong). A total of 27 fish species belongs to three ordo,11 families, and 19 genera were recorded during the study. Diversity of fish in Lake Cala on the tide season is dominated by whitefishes. Based on its potency, most fish species are 59% consumption, 33% double potency, and 8% ornamental fish. Aro (Osteochilus melanopleura) and palau (O. vittatus) from Cyprinidae family, and baung (Mystus nemerus) from Bagridae family were dominant. The length-weight relationship showed that dominant two species of fish (baung and palau) had positive allometric growth patterns, while aro is isometric. Those parameters obtained from the study are useful fundamental information applicable in the future population dynamics studies. Furthermore, based on these result it was necessary to manage the fishing gears operation and regulating tributaries to maintain the process of fish on search for feed, distribution, and colonization of various species and populations.
Gillnets selectivity and effectivity for controlling invasive fish species in Lake Matano, South Sulawesi
Authors: Sentosa A A , Hedianto D A
Published: August 2020

Lake Matano is one of the ancient lakes in East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, which has uniqueness and high endemicity for freshwater fishes. The presence of invasive alien fishes there can threaten the existence of endemic fishes. This study aimed to investigate the selectivity and effectiveness of the use of gillnets on several mesh sizes for controlling the population of invasive alien fishes in Lake Matano, South Sulawesi. Sampling was conducted in May, October, November 2015 and February, July, November 2016 using monofilament experimental gillnets with various mesh sizes (0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 inches) and yarn thickness (D = 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 mm). The mesh size of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 inches could catch flowerhorn cichlid as the dominant and invasive alien fish with little chance to catch native fishes in Lake Matano. The selectivity factor (SF) for the mesh size of 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 inches was 3.02. The average catch size of flowerhorn cichlid captured by the mesh size of 1.5. 2.0, and 2.5 inches were 11.5, 15.3, and 19.2 cm, respectively. The yarn diameter did not significantly affect flowerhorn cichlid capture (P <0.05). However, the mesh size of 1.5 inches was significantly different (P>0.05) to other mesh sizes. For effectiveness, gillnet was better to operate in littoral areas of lakes, especially in the location associated with the sand substrate with macrophytes. The operation of the gillnet in Lake Matano needs to be regulated in terms of location and setting time to minimize the capture of fish species other than flowerhorn cichlid.
Conservation efforts of ikan Batak (Tor spp. and Neolissochilus spp.) and its prospects to support ecotourism in Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Indonesia
Authors: Larashati S , Sulastri  , Ridwansyah I , Afandi A Y , Novianti R
Published: August 2020

Ikan Batak or ihan refers to fishes of genera Tor and Neolissochilus. They are socioeconomically valuable fishes in North Sumatra and some regions in Indonesia, yet their population in the wild has been declined. In situ conservation is one of the efforts to increase its population in natural habitat. Our previous study proposed Bonan Dolok River in Samosir Regency as the potential site for Ikan Batak in situ conservation. The combination of scenic landscapes and a waterfall in the upstream part of the river, as well as the presence of Ikan Batak in the conservation site, can be a potential ecotourism attraction in Samosir Regency. Ecotourism has many advantages, such as providing financial benefits to local people while sustaining natural resources. Our present study aimed to explore the potentiality of Bonan Dolok River for the conservation site of Ikan Batak and its prospect for ecotourism. The bioecological of ikan Batak and hydromorphological description of Bonan Dolok River was based on the literature review and a primary study conducted in 2019. People’s perception of the prospect and challenges of developing ecotourism and stakeholder’s role in the management of conservation and ecotourism were identified. The ecological and hydromorphological profile showed the potentiality of Bonan Dolok for conservation site. The local community of Bonan Dolok plays an essential role related to their local customary in environmental management and initiation of ecotourism. Stakeholders’ awareness on conservation of Indonesian native fishes, including Ikan Batak should be enhanced to get a better understanding of conservation management.
Fishes of Thale Noi and its tributaries, South Thailand
Authors: Lheknim V
Published: August 2020

Thale Noi is a small freshwater lake in the Songkhla Lagoon system in south Thailand. Songkhla Lake basin has been developed under the Thailand National Socio-Economic Plan with well-documented recent changes in its physical environment. The objective of this report is to update the current fish species that inhabit the Thale Noi. This report refers to native species only. Fish diversity was assessed along with the environmental alteration. The present study recorded 51 and 49 native species in 1982–1983, and 2005–2009 respectively, with a total of 54 species belonging to 26 families had been listed. The findings of this study could also be of great value as a starting point for further studies. Regular monitoring for species composition of Thale Noi is needed, and it is essential that the current data and all points of view be considered by decision makers.
Effectiveness phytochemistry test of aquatic plant Murdannia sp. in invitro for fish pathogen disease
Authors: Nugraha M F I , Novita H , Maharani F H , Elya B , Rajamuddin M A L , Akhdiya A , Yunita R , Enggarini W , Reflinur
Published: August 2020

Fish disease is a major factor causing yield losses in fish farming production. The use of antibiotics that treat against diseases can pose the highest risk for the ecosystem and its overuse could cause the side effect, such as antibiotics-resistant diseases. Environmentally friendly production method of fish is thus needed. The objective of this study was to determine the active pharmacological substances and anti-bacterial activities extracted from Murdannia sp. as a potential herbal agent as an anti-bacterial treat fish diseases. The study was conducted from October 2017 to May 2018. Murdannia sp. aquatic plants were collected from the Bantimurung river waters Maros district, South Sulawesi. Phytochemical analysis was carried out at Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Indonesia. Anti-bacterial analysis was carried out using the disc diffusion method in the KKP Fisheries Development Research and Management (IP4I), Depok. The results showed that an application of Murdannia sp. crude extract treated at dose of 0.1 g did not inhibit the growth of the bacterial pathogen of Aeromonas hydrophilla, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Streptococcus agalactiae, Flavobacterium columnare. However, at 0.2 g of Murdannia sp. extract level, the growth of Edwardsiella ictaluri was inhibited in intermediate inhibiton category which inhibition zone of 11 mm. Based on the ppharmacological test, it was known that Murdannia sp. aquatic plants consisted of three majority compound such as 0.084/10 g of flavonoid, 0.0558/10 g of Phenol, and 2/10 g of antioxidant 3036. These findings could be a basic research information in attempting to use aquatic plants as an alternative way for treating anti-bacterial fish disease in future.
Management of Mystacoleucus padangensis population by the determination of the optimum length at first capture for its exploitation in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra-Indonesia
Authors: Warsa A , Krismono
Published: August 2020

The Lake Singkarak locates on Solok and Tanah Datar Regency, West of Sumatra-Indonesia which has 10,908.2 ha surface area and 178 m average of depth. The fish biodiversity in this lake was high, among of them was the native fish species of bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) which pose an important economic value. The population of bilih has been decreasing caused by the overexploitation and habitat degradation. The resource management effort on the bilih fish was conducted through a determination on the needed conservation area as well as regulation on the location for capturing and restocking of the fish. The objective was to the determine the optimum length of the fish at the first capture (Lc_opt) as a function of F/M for conducting a sustainable exploitation. The primary and secondary data were used in this study. The fish samples were caught on four stations using several experimental fishing gears in July 2019. The biological obtained data (population parameters, growth pattern, and reproduction) were collected from the secondary data. The length at first mature of male and female of bilih were 7.5 cm and 8.2 cm, respectively. The value of Lc_opt for F=3.86 M was 11.2 cm, while it would be of 10.0 cm for F=M and 9.5 cm for F=0.5M. Those values were larger than the first size of the mature gonads which suggested that bilih enable to reproduce. The exploitation conducted on the value of Lc_opt would give the maximum yield per recruitment and maintain population size above half of the natural abundance.
Survival of Bada (Rasbora sp.) and Daphnia sp. using biofloc from Lake Maninjau as natural feed
Authors: Sadi N H , Maghfiroh M , Sutrisno  , Yoga G P , Chrismadha T , Widiyanto T
Published: August 2020

Biofloc is one of the water bioremediation agents in aquaculture. A consortium of microorganisms in biofloc, which include heterotrophic bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton, can also function as natural food sources for aquatic biota. This study aims to investigate the potential of biofloc microorganisms consortium as natural food for commercial fish feed-less aquaculture. The study was conducted using Lake Maninjau water taken from two locations at Lake Maninjau, namely Nagari Sungai Batang and Nagari Maninjau, as test samples. Maninjau Lake was chosen because it had a high content of organic compounds and various microorganisms which could be used as an indigenous biofloc starter.Daphniasp. and Bada (Rasborasp.) were used as an experimental biota without periodical additional feed during the trial. The results showed that biofloc could grow well using Maninjau Lake water media. Bada and Daphnia could live in the biofloc system for 20 days without supplementary feeding and afterwards entering the death phase. The decline in the population of Bada and Daphnia was thought to be caused by the decrease of biofloc role as natural feed and its ability in maintaining the water quality.
Stock assessment and potency of sustainable yield of glass eel (Anguilla spp.) in Cimandiri River Estuary, West Java
Authors: Triyanto  , Afandi R , Kamal M M , Haryani G S
Published: August 2020

The demand for glass eel (Anguilla spp.) as a source of seeds for aquaculture activities depended on natural catches continue to increase. It has caused glass eel fishing activities to increase and potentially affect the biological condition and sustainability of fishing activities. The study aims to assess the potential stock, maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and the level of utilization of glass eel in the Cimandiri river estuary, West Java. The data were obtained from data on fisherman catches in the period 2014-2018. Potential stock calculation using the CPUE method is based on the Leslie model. Calculation of MSY based on the surplus production model from Schaefer. Utilization rates are determined based on the percentage of actual catch to the total allowable catch (TAC). The results of the study obtained an estimated glass eel potential stock of 4,575 kg. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was 991.20 kg.years−1 and the effort (fMSY) was 1050 trip.years−1. The average of glass eel production was 725.55 kg.years−1 and fishing effort 1031 trip.years−1. The TAC which set at 80% from the MSY was 792.96 kg.years−1. The average of the utilization rate of glass eel reached 91.50%. Utilization rates exceeding the TAC value occurred in 2014 and 2017. Management of glass eel fisheries is needed through limiting fishing efforts and the number of catches.
Conservation of Jatigede Reservoir catchment area based on sediment and water yield control
Authors: Fakhrudin M , Ridwansyah I , Daruati D , Wibowo H
Published: August 2020

Jatigede Reservoir serves to control floods in Indramayu area. The reservoir irrigate rice fields by 90,000 ha, supply raw water for clean water by approximately 3,500 l/sec, and produce electricity by 110 MW. Yet, the condition of the Cimanuk watershed is reported in a critical situation. It was characterized by high soil erosion and high fluctuations in river discharge. This study aims to evaluate the sedimentation and river flows that entering the Jatigede Reservoir. The rainfall-runoff simulation determined by SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) on Jatigede Reservoir is based on existing land use. According to SWAT, it showed the possibility of current land use on annual crop and garden land which is carried out some conservative measurements, such as terrace, grass strip, and ditch and also building area that constructed an infiltration well would reduce the sediment yield from around 9.05 to 5.96 million tons per year. Not only that, but also runoff will decline from 99.7 to 75.8 mm per year. If the measurements are based on land use according to the 2011-2030 Spatial Plans of Garut Regency and Sumedang Regency, the sediment yield can be reduced to 4.97 million tons per year and runoff which become 97.6 mm per year. However, if the environmental degradation of the Cimanuk watershed is allowed to continuously increase that is marked by changes in uncontrolled land use, it will raise the sediment yield and runoff by about twice as the current conditions, so that it can threaten the sustainability of the function of Jatigede Reservoir.
Fish community structure and distribution at Lake Siawan, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Haryono
Published: August 2020

Freshwater fish in Kalimantan is the highest among Indonesian islands, with many endemic species. Therefore, a fish population study was conducted in Lake Siawan, West Kalimantan, for the purpose of determining fish diversity, abundance, local distribution, species status, and its habitat. Five sampling stations were designated and the catch per unit of efforts (CPUE) approach was adopted to get the samples. The fish caught were counted to get the species diversity and abundance. There were 57 species from 13 families that were recorded, with Cyprinidae as the dominant family with 34 species, followed by Bagridae with 4 species. Station 1 and station 5 were recorded as the highest and the lowest fish diversity, respectively. The most abundant species were Brevibora dorsiocellata and Rasbora tornieri. Four species has wide distribution and almost all of the fish found was native species. Three endemic species recorded were Hampala bimaculata, Leptobarbus hosii and Puntigrus anchisporus.
Structure of zooplankton community in Lake Maninjau. Case study in Nagari Sungai Batang - Agam, West Sumatra
Authors: Badjoeri M
Published: August 2020

The presence of zooplankton plays an important role in the lake ecosystem. This study aimed to investigate the community structure of zooplankton in Lake Maninjau, especially in the area of PN Nagari Sungai Batang. Lake Maninjau contributes greatly to the community and regional economy. This research was conducted in April, July, August, September, October, and November 2018 at 3 sampling stations in Lake Maninjau, Nagari Sungai Batang, West Sumatra. The zooplankton was collected using a vertical zooplankton net from bottom to surface. The samples were preserved in a 5% Lugol’s solution. The zooplankton was identified based on several references under a binocular microscope. The abundance of zooplankton was calculated using Sedgewick Rafter Cell. Some physicochemical parameters of water were also observed. The results of zooplankton analysis found 3 genera of Protozoa, 13 genera of Rotifers, 5 genera of Cladocera, and 1 genus of Copepods and Nauplius. The results showed the diversity of zooplankton in Lake Maninjau was categorized as moderate level, there were no dominant species, and the species was evenly distributed. Predation has occurred in the zooplankton community, which is generally based on body size or ability to move. Generally, the structure of the zooplankton community in Lake Maninjau is influenced by water quality factors in their habitat.
Population structure of bada (Rasbora maninjau Lumbantobing, Daniel N, 2014) caught using “lukah” in Batang Air Stream
Authors: Nasution S H , Dina R , Samir O , Haryani G S , Lukman
Published: August 2020

Inlets of Lake Maninjau are the fishing area of bada (Rasbora maninjau), one of them is Batang Air Stream. Bada fishing intensively, which is not balanced with conservation efforts, causes the fish population to gradually decrease and even become rare. Bada fishing activities at this location using “lukah” (trap) has been carried out and owned from generation to generation. This study aims to determine the population structure of bada using “lukah” in Batang Air Streams based on conservation efforts. Fish sampling was carried out in March, April, and June 2019. Fish samples obtained from three “lukah”. The size structure (length and weight), growth patterns (length-weight relationship), the gonadal maturity stage (GMS), and the sex ratio of bada were measured in this study. The results showed that the length and weight of bada in March, April, and June were found with a range of lengths of size 12-127; 63-125; and 73-113mm and weight were 1.8-14; 1.9-13.6; and 3.1-11g, respectively. The value of b ranged from 2.64 to 2.92. Isometric growth was found in March and April, which means the growth of length was balanced with the growth of the weight, and June is negative allometric. The highest frequency of GMS IV, which means the fish are ready to spawn, was found in March 2019. Therefore, during this survey period, it was might be a peak of the spawning period. High frequency (≥50%) of mature bada was found at length 71.5-99.5 mm for females and 65.5-77.5 for males. It is shown that most of the bada in “lukah” was mature. The sex ratio between male and female fish is 1:1.
Histological analysis of ovarium development of Hampala macrolepidota Kuhl & Van Haselt, 1823 from Jatigede Reservoir, West Java
Authors: Herawati T , Akhodiah S , Yustiati A , Iskandar  , Dhahiyat Y , Lili W
Published: August 2020

This research was conducted from May to September 2018 at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Padjadjaran. Fish samples were taken from Jatigede Reservoir, Sumedang, West Java. The hampala fish consisted of female hampala barb with gonadal maturity level (GML) IV, GML V, and GML VI. Ovarian histological preparations were made at the Animal Microtechnical Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. This research aimed to determine the stages of ovarian development of hampala barb, and determine the types of spawning. The hampala barb in the Jatigede Reservoir had five stages of oocyte development, namely chromatin nucleolus stage, perinucleolus stage, cortical alveolus stage, vitellogenesis, and oocyte maturation with multi-spawner group synchronous type of ovarian development.
Fish community structure before reservoir inundation in Cipanas, West Java
Authors: Herawati T , Syaiful I M , Bangkit B S I , Sahidin A , Yustiati A , Dhahiyat Y , Iskandar
Published: August 2020

The reservoir is an artificial lake created by blocking the flow of the river using transverse construction of the river or dam made of rock, soil or walls. The purpose of the research was to determine and map the structure of fish community before reservoir inundation in the Cipanas River. The study used survey methods with sampling data collection techniques. The research station was determine using a purposive sampling method. The study was conducted at three stations representing inundation plan areas (6° 41’51 “S and 108° 01’32” E) and after inundation plans (6° 38’53 “S - 108° 02’06” E and 6° 37’51 “S - 108° 02’53” E) of Cipanas Reservoir. The parameters measured included relative abundance, diversity index (H’), dominance (C), uniformity (E), and water quality. Fifteen fish species of seven families were collected from Cipanas River. The diversity index was moderate which ranged of 1.20 ≤ H ≤ 2.08, the dominance index was low to moderate which ranged of 0.16 ≤ C ≤ 0.51, and the uniformity index was low to moderate which ranged of 0.27 ≤ E ≤ 0.47. The structure of the fish community at the station I was relatively unstable, while at stations II and III were classified as depressed. Water quality in the Cipanas River was in a good condition and support the life of fish based on the water quality standards class II and III according to the Government Regulation no. 82 of 2001.
Diversity of riparian vegetation to support the life of ihan (Tor spp. and Neolissochilus spp.) in Bonandolok River, North Sumatra
Authors: Paramitha I G A A P , Larashati S
Published: August 2020

The variety of riparian vegetation to support the life of ihan (Tor sp.) in the Bonandolok River in North Sumatra was studied. Ihan is an endemic species in Bonandolok that has been considered in the red list of species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Since ihan is almost extinct in its natural habitat, a research that relate to their habitat became crucial. Riparian vegetation plays an essential role in keeping ecosystem balance. Degradation of the riparian area not only triggers sedimentation but also change the microhabitat. It is thus vital to know the relation between the riparian vegetation and ihan. This research was conducted in April 2019 through the survey method at four stations (St. 1 the upstream, St. 2 upstream-middle part, St. 3 middle-downstream part, and St. 4 the downstream). The survey recorded a total of 51 plant species within 31 families. Tithonia diversifolia A. Grey was found as the most abundant species during the study (136 individuals). Station 2 was the station with the most species (23 species), and station with the most abundance of riparian vegetations was station 3 (262 individuals). The result of this study calls for the critical consideration supporting the efficiently riparian vegetation conservation as a habitat and food source of ihan in Bonandolok River.
The changes of property-rights regimes and lake degradation: an institutional analysis of Lake Rawapening
Authors: Irawan E , Haryanti N
Published: August 2020

The effects of various property-rights regimes on natural resource systems have long been debated among scholars and practitioners. A large number of studies have investigated the relationship between various property-rights regimes and environmental outcomes and show that public, state, and private property regimes are each capable of producing sustainable environmental outcomes. However, the evidence is very diverse. This study examined how the changes in property rights regimes at the local level have impacted on lake degradation using an institutional economics perspective, specifically the property rights approach, by taking Lake Rawapening as the case. Lake Rawapening is a multifunctional semi-natural lake currently degraded where almost 70% of its surface is covered by water hyacinth and experiencing rapid siltation. This research used a case study method. Data and information were collected from in-depth interviews with key informants, government officials and reviews of reports and documents related to Lake Rawapening. Results of the study reveal that the current property rights regime in the lake and its catchment areas associated with social changes was driving local resource users towards greater lake degradation. There were opportunities to build on existing village-level institutions to develop collaborative management systems to help protect the lake ecosystem.
Sumatran major lakes: limnological overviews
Authors: Lukman  , Syawal M S , Maghfiroh M
Published: August 2020

Sumatra’s major lakes are uniquely interesting because they were formed mainly by the Great Sumatra Fault and also affected by volcanic processes. Eight large Sumatran lakes, as major lakes, have played important roles for local people and been part of a significant study of Limnology in Indonesia. These lakes include Laut Tawar, Toba, Maninjau, Singkarak, Diatas, Dibawah, Kerinci, and Ranau. The utilization of lakes can be for several purposes: fisheries, tourism, and other activities that have developed rapidly in the last decade, such as aquaculture in floating net cages. Activities in the waters and the surrounding areas of the lake have had impacts on the trophic status and the decrease of native fish populations. In this paper, the environmental conditions of the lake were comprehensively reviewed.
Public perception and contribution of domestic waste to water pollution of Lake Matano, South Sulawesi-Indonesia
Authors: Melati I , Maghfiroh M , Jasalesmana T
Published: August 2020

Lake Matano, one of the deepest lakes on the earth, is an important lake in Indonesia in related to to its economic, social and ecological implications. The lake has a variety of functions, including water resource for hydro-power generating, the habitat of various aquatic organisms, and water sources for domestic purposes, as an area of fishing and fish culture in floating net cages, and tourist destinations. Therefore, Lake Matano receives an amount of pollution load from these activities. This study aims to determine the public perceptions and contribution of domestic waste to water pollution of Lake Matano. This research was conducted based on a survey, in which data collection techniques were complete by direct interviews with residents using questionnaires and direct observation of the condition of the surrounding community. The results showed that public perceptions of the water pollution of Lake Matano were due to tourism and increasing settlement in the area bordering the lake (floating house). The criteria for the action of water pollution in Lake Matano through domestic waste were still in good category.