bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UANG ADAT PERKAWINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM (Studi Kasus Dilembaga Adat Depati Atur Bumi)
Authors: Arzam Arzam
Published: February 2023

Penulisan karya tulis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan uang adat dalam perkawinan di wilayah Lembaga Adat Depati Atur Bumi, mengetahui sanksi pelanggaran terhadap uang adat dalam Perkawinan di wilayah lembaga adat depati atur bumi, mengetahui tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap uang adat dalam perkawinan di wilayah lembaga adat depati atur bumi. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kualitatif  (penelitian lapangan) yakni menggambarkan dan mengumpulkan secara umum masalah yang diteliti atau yang objektif dengan mengumpulkan data-data yang berhubungan dengan data penelitian dan berakhir dengan penarikan kesimpulan secara khusus. Hasil dari penelititan ini dapat peneliti peroleh bahwa  Kedudukan uang adat adalah sebagai uang penerang atau uang yang dihanguskan (dalam uang adat) atau uang yang akan dibagi-bagikan kepada para orang-orang adat dan untuk kebutuhan lainnya seperti masjid, Maka diwajibkan untuk membayarnya sebagai salah satu syarat untuk dilaksanakan pernikahan adat. Akibat pelanggaran terhadap uang adat dalam perkawinan di Lembaga Adat Atur Bumi ialah segala resiko yang akan terjadi di kemudian hari akan ditanggung sendiri, ia tidak diakui sebagai anak buah di desa tersebut, dan ia tidak boleh mendirikan rumah di desa tersebut. Menurut pandangan hukum Islam tentang kedudukan uang adat di dalam pelaksanaan pernikahan secara adat di Lembaga Adat Atur Bumi yang tidak ada larangan di dalam ajaran agama karena antara adat dan agama terjadi pembauran yang harmonis dan tidak dapat dipisahkan. Pepatah adat mengatakan “Adat bersendi syara’, syara’ bersendi kitabullah. Syara’ mengato, adat memakai”. Dan sesuai dengan kaidah ushul fiqh.
The Use of ICT to Encourage Student’s Engagement with Collaborative Learning
Authors: Balol Nawal
Published: February 2023

This study aims to investigate the impact of ICT application on student's collaborative learning. The chosen college is Uqlat Al Soqur College of Arts and Sciences, which is a branch of Qassim University. The sample for this study was the students of the third level. (26) students who majored in the English language for the academic year 2015/2016. The most important hypotheses of this study are that the use of ICT results in better language performance and enriches students’ vocabulary. Three tools used for data collection were a student questionnaire, pre and post-tests. The pre-test was given to measure the actual level, while the post-test was given to check the progress made by the students after they learnt with ICT (projector, smart board and computer) for one academic term. Some English teachers from different Universities in Saudi Arabia were interviewed. The data was analyzed by using a variety of statistical methods, including the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), to process the study data. The findings revealed the vital role that ICT play in supporting collaborative learning. Finally, there are some recommendations and suggestions for further research.
Memahami Dinamika Kerjasama Industri Pertahanan dalam Kerangka Indonesia Australia Defence Security Dialogue
Authors: Sudirman Arfin , Djuyandi Yusa , Pratama Fajri Syahal Guna
Published: February 2023

Industri pertahanan menjadi salah satu agenda penting dan menjadi perhatian, dimulai pada saat kabinet Indonesia Bersatu I dibawah Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono dan menjadikannya sebagai prioritas pembangunan dan memberi peluang besar bagi keterlibatan pihak swasta dalam kegiatan industri pertahanan salah satunya melalui agenda kerja sama yang dijalin oleh Indonesia dengan Australia dalam satu agenda dialog Indonesia – Australia Defense Security Dialogue (IADSD) yang telah dijalin dan disahkan oleh Lombok Treaty pada tahun 2006, yang mana Indonesia dalam hal ini memiliki kepentingan untuk meningkatkan kapabilitas serta kemandirian Industri pertahanan nasional. Maka dari itu penelitiaan ini memiliki tujuan untuk mencari permasalahan agar mencapai tujuan penelitiaan, dengan menggunakan konsep Military Industrial Complex (MIC) dan juga teori Iron Triangle.  Hubungan  tersebut  terkait  pada  kontribusi politik,  persetujuan  politik  akan   belanja   militer,  lobi-lobi  untuk  mendukung birokrasi,  dan  industri.  Ketiga  badan  tersebut,  yang  pada  saat  ini  lebih  sering disebut   kongres/parlemen,   departemen   pertahanan,   dan   industri   pertahanan, kemudian disebut sebagai segitiga besi pertahanan. Yang mana keterlibatan tersebut dikerucutkan Kembali kepada focus matra darat dalam pelaksanaannya ini, PT. Pindad dan juga end-user Tentara Nasional Indoensia Angkatan Darat (TNI AD) demi mengurangi ketergantuangan pada produk luar dan lebih meningkatkan kemandirian industry pertahanan nasional.
Integritas Penyelenggara Pemilu Ad-Hoc: Malpraktik Distribusi Formulir C-6 di Pilkada Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2020
Authors: Fachriza Mohammad Ezha , Wibowo Satrio Adjie
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini menguraikan tentang pelanggaran netralitas yang dilakukan oleh Kelompok Penyelenggara Pemungutan Suara (KPPS) pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah (Pilkada) di Kota Tangerang Selatan (Tangsel) tahun 2020. Dalam menganalisis fenomena yang terjadi, penulis menggunakan teori electoral management bodies dari International Democracy and Electoral  Assistance (IDEA, 2015) untuk mengidentifikasi dan menguraikan berbagai standarisasi tata kelola manajemen penyelenggara pemilu yang berintegritas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mencari berbagai data dari sumber pemberitaan cetak maupun elektronik dan berbagai sumber yang kredibel berkaitan dengan fenomena yang dikaji.  KPPS sebagai lembaga ad-hoc yang memiliki peranan penting dalam menyelenggarakan pemilu maupun pilkada. Berdasarkan kewenangan yang dimiliki oleh KPPS, justru menjadi aktor utama dalam terciptanya malpraktik pemilu khususnya yang terjadi pada Pilkada Kota Tangsel tahun 2020. Temuan dari penelitian ini KPPS terbukti tidak independen, kurang efektifnya bimbingan teknis yang dilakukan oleh KPU, tidak profesional dan tidak transparannya kasus malpraktik ini diselesaikan mengenai prosedur substansial pelaksanaan pemilu.
Mechanical Response and Failure Characteristics of Granite under Unloading Conditions and Its Engineering Application
Authors: Peng Chao , Liu Yang , Zhu Mingde , Hou Kuikui , Liu Xingquan , Li Guilin , Yin Yantian , Liu Zhen
Published: February 2023

Excavation in engineering significantly changes the initial stress state of rock, which makes rock inevitably in complex unloading conditions, thus it is of great significance to make a profound investigate of the mechanical characteristics of rock under unloading condition. This paper carried out two different stress paths including conventional triaxial compression and unloading confining pressure tests on granite specimen from Sanshandao gold mine, and systematically analyzed the strength characteristics, deformation characteristics and energy evolution laws. Results show that the brittle failure characteristic of granite under unloading confining pressure are more obvious, and the peak strength, axial deformation and other parameters are smaller than those of triaxial compression test. Especially the deformation modulus decreases with the increase of unloading confining pressure, which is no longer a constant parameter in the sense of continuum. Therefore, the unloading-induced weakening coefficient of engineering rock mass is proposed, and the relationship between the coefficient and the reduction ratio of confining pressure is quantified. Then, the unloading-induced weakening algorithm is developed in FLAC3D to simulate the stability of a deep mine stope. It is found that results of the unloading-induced weakening model are much closer to the engineering practice, which has certain theoretical and practical reference significance for the stability analysis of rock mass engineering.
FEATURES OF THE PERCEPTION OF ANGLO-AMERICAN LEGAL POSITIVISM IN RUSSIAN SCIENCE
Authors: ГОРБУНОВ Максим Дмитриевич
Published: February 2023

The Anglo-American legal doctrine is traditionally perceived by Russian science as an alternative system of knowledge of law, born in fundamentally different conditions ofthe Anglo-Saxon legal family. In recent years, however, interest in the Anglo-American legal thought has increased considerably,but it is still perceived in a tendentious manner. This is especially noticeable with regard to legal positivism, close to the Russian legal doctrine. Theelimination of such bias and the clarification ofthe understanding of Anglo-American legal positivism could significantly enrich Russian science and expandthe field of scientific discussion in the ground of legal understanding. Purpose: to identify the features ofthe perception and interpretation errors ofAnglo-American legal positivism in the Russian legal doctrine. Methods:general scientific (dialectical and historical methods of cognition, general logicalmethods, systemic and comparative methods); special legal (comparative legal analysis and legal hermeneutics). Results: the study makes it possibleto identify problems and inaccuracies in the perception of Anglo-American positivism by Russian science, which are due to methodological features ofthe philosophical tradition of Anglo-American positivism, a simplified understanding of the question of legal interpretation and judicial activity^ in the Russian doctrine, as well as the difference in assessing the role of the state in the legal system in view of the different interpretations of the positive links between Russian and Anglo-American science.
EXTREMIST IMPACT ON YOUTH: FROM HISTORICAL TRENDS TO THE PRESENT
Authors: ГОТЧИНА Лариса Владимировна
Published: February 2023

The prerequisite for the study is the increased extremist impact on young people in Russia. The consequence is a decrease in tolerance, an increase in anxiety, and the need of the Russian population for self-defense. The paper analyzes social and legal phenomena: youth extremism and drug addiction, establishes their relationship and mutual influence, considers the causes and consequences of these phenomena, which are defined as a threat to national security. The trends in the manifestation of youth drug addiction and extremism in modern Russia are highlighted. The method of committing crimes «using information, telecommunications and high technologies» contributed to the strengthening of the criminal impact on young people in Russia. The purpose of this work is to study the features of extremist impact on young people in modern Russia, taking into account historical trends. A content analysis of the works of Russian authors is carried out in order to assess the current state of extremism and its trends. The conclusions are supported by expert assessments and the results of sociological research methods. Results: it is noted that extremism in Russia is aimed, first of all, at the destruction of the Slavic nation by the hands of its own population; in Russia the personality of a criminal of a special type (extremist, drugged) is being formed. In modern conditions, there is a need for a state program to strengthen youth information and education based on knowledge of the history of their country.
FORMATION OF A PARLIAMENTARY MODEL OF CONSTITUTIONAL CONTROL IN THE BASIC LAWS OF THE USSR OF 1924 AND 1936
Authors: Рудман Марк Наумович , Туриянов Артур Разимович
Published: February 2023

The article studies the features of fixing the legal mechanism of constitutional control in the first two constitutions of the USSR. The analysis is based on the study ofthe approaches taken by wellknown legal scholars during the drafting of these constitutional acts, as well as the views of modern Russian constitutionalists on the essence and national specificity of the implementation ofthe ideas of constitutional control as an integral part of thesystem of constitutional governance. On the basis of a comparative legal analysis, the article reveals the evolution of the mechanism of constitutional control from judicial control in the Constitution of the USSR of 1924 to formal parliamentary control in the Constitution of the USSR of 1936. While recognizing the importance of the institution of constitutional controlas a necessary element of constitutional governance, the authors conclude that the single-party political regime in the USSR had a destructive effecton the very idea of constitutional governance. Despite attempts to create Soviet constitutionalism as a universal way of involving society in social construction, the influence of party power negated the meaning ofthe Soviet Constitution. The formalization of the content of constitutionalism and federalism under the Soviet state regime contributed to a complete loss ofthe importance of constitutional justice in the USSR of the pre-war period.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AS A SPECIFIC LEGAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Шабуров Анатолий Степанович
Published: February 2023

Modern technologies used in law enforcement activities are designed to ensure a rapid and effective process of legal regulation of public relations and optimization of legal reality. Purpose: to study the features of law enforcement as a specific legal activity having certain goals, stages, forms and methods, which allows characterizing it as a specific type of legal technology. Methods: in the process of work, such methods of cognition are applied, as logical - when substantiating the main directions of the research, formal-legal - when revealing the features of the application of law as a specific type of legal technologies, presentation - when summing up this study. Results: law enforcement is a special type of legal activity aimed at making an act ofapplication of the law, the creation of subjective rights, obligations or measures of state coercion of specific subjects of law. Taking into accountthe features of legal technology as a phenomenon and the specifics of law enforcement activity, law enforcement can be interpreted as a specific typeof legal technology within the national legal system and legal regulation of social relations.
INNOVATIVE SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING OF FUTURE AVIATION SPECIALISTS
Authors:   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, ZELENSKA Lilia , TYMCHENKO Svitlana ,   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University
Published: February 2023

The article deals with innovative simulation technologies as forms of quasi-professional activity used in foreign language training of future aviation specialists in order to achieve a sufficient level of their communicative competence. It has been proved that simulation technologies or role-plays are ones of the best ways to organize communicative studying and the most common forms of active learning, means and methods of preparation and adaptation to professional activities and social contacts. It goes without saying that role-play as a form of quasi-professional activity, allows intensifying the educational, cognitive and communicative activities of students, because the structure of future professional activities of aviation specialists are reproduced in the game educational model the best. The essence of role-play, stages of gaming models’ implementation and its importance for professional profile of aviation specialists have been described in the article. It should be noted that the content of role-plays depends on the stage of professional studying. The usage of real professional activities’ algorithms in routine, non-routine and emergency situations is of great importance. Highlighted main requirements to role-plays conducting, defined tasks, time management, game conditions, stages of the role-play have been reflected in the example of role-play, based on air crash investigations, the purpose of which is the formation of future aviation specialists’ communicative skills. We have come to conclusion that innovative simulation technologies are used in foreign language training of future pilots and air traffic controllers in order to achieve a sufficient level of their communicative skills. The use of role-plays, as ones of the forms of interactive teaching methods, enriches the vocabulary of applicants for higher education with foreign language vocabulary, promotes the acquisition of foreign language skills in situations as close as possible to reality and allows the formation of future aviation specialists’ foreign language communicative competence. Key words: aviation specialist, interactive technologies, communicative skills, Aviation English, role-play.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION OF FUTURE NAVIGATORS AS PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM
Authors:   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, MOSKALENKO Olena , POPKOV Borys ,   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University
Published: February 2023

The article reveals the role of environmental education in the professional training of specialists - future navigators. It was established that the problem of environmental protection is one of the most acute problems of our time. Formation of ecological culture, ecological beliefs, ecological style of thinking of modern students, mastering the basics of rational nature management is one of the priority tasks of modern maritime higher education. It was underlined that environmental education is a very important component of the educational process. It is a system in which ecological thinking, ecological culture, ecological responsibility, ecological consciousness, humanistic ideas, principles, universal human values, scientific knowledge, and skills interact. These qualities are necessary for future navigators, as they are needed to solve professional tasks related to ecological safety during the operation of sea and river transport. In addition, the solution of professional tasks requires the implementation of a certain algorithm of actions in the event of accidents and incidents on water with dangerous environmental consequences. The theoretical approaches of scholars to the concepts of "ecological education", "ecological responsibility", "ecological competence", "ecological culture" are generalized. The conclusion was made concerning the importance of the formation of the integrated content of professional disciplines, taking into account the ecological component in the training of maritime specialists. The need to upgrade the system of higher maritime education in order to form an ecological component in professional training. At the same time, emphasis should be placed on qualitative changes in the environmental education of future maritime specialists, in updating the structure and content of environmental knowledge as the main factor in the formation of the environmental consciousness of future navigators. Key words: future navigators, maritime education, ecological competence, ecological education, ecological culture.
PENGARUH DAYA TARIK, KEPERCAYAAN, DAN KEAHLIAN CELEBRITY ENDORSER TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN
Authors: Permatasari Berlintina
Published: February 2023

Berbagai taktik pemasaran dilakukan agar produk semakin kompetitif dan menjadi pilihan konsumen. Salah satu usaha yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan selebriti pendukung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh daya tarik, kepercayaan, dan keahlian Valentino Rossi sebagai celebrity endorser terhadap keputusan pembelian motor Yamaha R Series di Bandar Lampung. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Accidental Sampling, yaitu teknik penentuan sampel berdasarkan kebetulan, sedangkan untuk teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel daya tarik, kepercayaan, dan keahlian memiliki efek yang signifikan dan positif dalam keputusan pembelian.Kata Kunci: keputusan pembelian, celebrity endorser, daya tarik, kepercayaan, keahlian.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK UMUM SYARIAH YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) PERIODE 2016-2018
Authors: Saputra Febrian Eko
Published: February 2023

Saat ini sudah ada berbagai jenis perbankan diantaranya adalah Bank Konvensional dan Bank Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur seberapa baik kinerja keuangan Bank Umum syariah menggunakan Capital Adequcy Ratio (CAR),  Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), dan Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) yang diuji pengaruhnya pada Return On Asset (ROA). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dengan analisis regresi dibantu dengan alat analisis SPSS. Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan telah sesuai dengan hipotesis kecuali hubungan CAR pada ROA. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa perbankan syariah pada tahun 2016 sampai 2018 sudah memiliki kinerja yang baik.Kata kunci : Kinerja Keuangan, Capital Adequcy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO)
Optimalisasi KeleOptimalisasi Kelembagaan Petani Salak Pondoh dengan Analisa Rantai Nilaimbagaan Petani Salak Pondoh dengan Analisa Rantai Nilai
Authors: Aprianto Wendy
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini mendeskripsi mengenai aspek kelembagaan (aspek kunci, hambatan, konflik kelembagaan) dalam memproduksi pada pertanian salak pondok di Kabupaten Sleman. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengukur aktivitas-aktivitas rantai nilai salak pondoh untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah demi kesejahteraan petani Indonesia. Dengan mengobservasi 34 kelompok tani menggunakana pendekatan kualitataif melalui Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian ini menemukan Reformulasi kelembagaan internal dapat berimplikasi kepada kepastian skala produksi. Setelah produksi dan pemasaran sudah tertata, maka pengembangan produk menjadi solusi akhir dalam meningkatkan nilai tambah salak pondoh
URGENSI AKUNTANSI PENGANGGARAN DI PEMERINTAHAN INDONESIA
Authors: Susilo Ghina Fitri Ariesta , Bharata Risma Wira
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencapai pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang pentingnya akuntansi anggaran di Pemerintah Indonesia. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai studi kualitatif. Penelitian ini menarasikan sejarah Akuntansi Pemerintahan di Indonesia dan menjelaskan proses perkembangannya. Terjadi beberapa reformasi dan transformasi akuntansi pemerintahan mengikuti perkembangan jaman. Seiring dengan perubahan yang terjadi di dunia global, akuntansi anggaran tampaknya menciptakan proses yang lebih baik untuk siklus perencanaan-pengendalian-akuntabilitas dalam akuntansi pemerintahan. Kebutuhan transparansi anggaran di organisasi pemerintah juga berbeda dengan organisasi bisnis. Penguasaan anggaran di pemerintahan ada di tangan rakyat, sedangkan penguasaan anggaran di organisasi bisnis berada di tangan eksekutif, hal ini kembali lagi karena dana yang diperoleh pemerintah berasal dari uang rakyat yang digunakan secara merata untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bersama. Akuntansi anggaran muncul sebagai laporan atas pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah setelah adanya kontrak antara masyarakat dengan pemerintah. Dengan demikian, keberadaan akuntansi anggaran menjadi hal yang penting untuk membantu akuntansi pemerintahan yang lebih baik di Indonesia.
KAJIAN PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN TATA KELOLA KEUANGAN DESA
Authors: Kusumawardani Niken
Published: February 2023

This study aims to find out empirically the management of village funds carried out by village officials in order to realize the financial management of village funds mandated by the Village Law. Village fund management in this study focuses on the availability of BUMDes priority programs. The hypothesis in this study is transparency (X1), accountability (X2), community participation (X3), effectiveness (X4) and BUMDes (X5) influencing the management of village funds (Y). This study uses primary data through a questionnaire, with a total of 90 respondents. The sample of the research is the village officials and BUMDes officials in Punggur District, Central Lampung Regency. Hypothesis testing using software PLS, through multiple regression analysis test equipment. The results showed that the variables of transparency, accountability, community participation, effectiveness, and BUMDes had a positive effect on village fund management in Punggur District, Central Lampung Regency.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, STRES KERJA, LOCUS OF CONTROL TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI: KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Agustina Fitri , Mustika Dian , Andarini Riza Dwi
Published: February 2023

This purpose of this study is to examine and determine the effect of organizational culture, job stress, locus of control on employee performance by using job satisfaction as a mediating variable. This research is quantitative research based on a survey method using a questionnaire as a media for data collection, with 68 respondents obtained in the Regional Government Organization of Tulang Bawang Regency in 2021. The data collection technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The data analysis and hypothesis testing methods used SMARTPLS 3.0 software. The results of this study indicated that organizational culture had an effect on employee performance, job stress, and locus of control had no effect on employee performance; On the other hand, job satisfaction is able to mediate the relationship between the influence of organizational culture and work pressure on employee performance, while job stress is not able to mediate the influence of locus of control on employee performance.
Features of using the tool of self-assessment of digital competence of the teacher
Authors: Ovcharuk O. V.
Published: February 2023

Peculiarities of using the tool of self-assessment of digital competence of a teacher are determined. Practical advice on measuring the level of digital competence of a teacher based on international approaches is given.
Support of the educational process in the conditions of martial law by means of digital technologies. Collection of materials
Authors: Hrytsenchuk O. O. , Ivaniuk I. V. , Kravchyna O. Ye. , Leshchenko M. P. , Malitskaya Irina , Ovcharuk O. V.
Published: February 2023

The collection of materials "Supporting the educational process in the conditions of martial law by means of digital technologies" was concluded as part of the implementation of the National Development Program "Development of the Information and Digital Educational Environment of the Ukrainian School" (registration number 0120U100193). The collection focuses on issues related to challenges and solutions in education for refugees in the countries of the European Union, UNESCO's support of the educational community of Ukraine during the Russian military aggression. Approaches to organizing access to educational services for refugees in EU countries, in particular Poland, Germany and the Netherlands, with the use of modern digital technologies and tools in the educational process, are considered. The use of web-based technologies for health education of elementary school students is discussed. It can be used in the system of post-graduate pedagogical education, by teachers and managers of general secondary education and training institutions that provide advanced training for teachers and methodologists of the general secondary education.
An attempt to differentiate dysmetabolism variants based on biological age in combination with the induction of physiological ketosis: mini-review and own results
Authors:   State Educational Institution ", Marakhouski Yury K ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education",   , Minsk, Belarus, Zharskaya Olga M
Published: February 2023

Background: Metabolic flexibility describes the body's adaptive ability to changing metabolic or energy requirements. Objective: To determine the possibility of detecting dysmetabolism based on bioimpedancometry (systemic dysmetabolism) and metabolic flexibility (local dysmetabolism) by the intensity of switching from the glucogenic to the ketogenic variant of energy supply. Biological (metabolic) clock was calculated by the difference between chronological age (CHR-age) minus biological (metabolic) age (MET-age), as more than 1year difference. Material and methods: The biological age was determined with tetrapolar bioimpedansometry. The amino acid L-lysine was taken orally to induce ketosis, the content of ketones in the exhaled air was dynamically recorded for 3 hours. Results: Group with younger MET-age FM(fate mass): r = -0,36; p = 0,04( y = 18,1 - 0,08*x) and intracellular fluid (ICF): r = -0,5 p = 0,002( y = 1796,2 - 8,9*x) and group with older MET-age - ICF: r = -0,32; p = 0,074 (y = 24,38 - 0,08*x) (not significant or loss of reliability), FM: r = -0,36; p = 0,04 (y = 18,1 - 0,08*x). At the same time, highly sensitive CRP (hsCRP) above 5 mg/l was found much more often in group (26% v.s.2%, Chi-square (df=1) - 6,50, p= 0,01), as well as cholesterol over 6.5 mmol/l. Moreover, hsCRP significant more higher in older MET-age group: mean - 3,5 (95%CI =2,3 - 4,7) v.s. 1,9 (95%CI=1,5 - 2,3). These data clearly indicate the presence metabolic dysfunction (systemic dysmetabolism) in the group with premature metabolic (biological) age. A significant relationship was found between the degree of hepatic ketosis and the difference between biological and chronological age, i.e. younger age was characterized by higher metabolic flexibility. The KETO-MET-younger group (group-2) has significantly more Body Cells Mass (BCM) proportion (50,5 (95%CI =50,0-51,1) v.s. 43,9(95%CI =42,8-45,0) ) and less content of Fat Mass (in kg) (14,7 (95%CI =13,7-15,6) v.s. 27,9(95%CI =25,3-30,5), according to the results of BIM-V. KETO-Lysine test revealed a significantly more frequent increase in blood ALT activity (more than 30 IU) in the older MET-age group (41% vs. 5%), Conclusions: The results deepen the scientific understanding of the metabolic flexibility assessment according to the original indicator - the induction of physiological ketosis by an amino acid metabolized in the liver, and make it possible to implement a personalized approach in the diagnosis and differentiation of metabolic disorders
The Physical and Mental Health Benefits of Lifestyle Sports for Disabled People: A Scoping Review
Authors: Youngson Lewis , Foster Charlie , Lambert Jeffrey
Published: February 2023

There is growing evidence to suggest the physical and mental health benefits of lifestyle sports (LS) in disabled people. However, disabled people are less likely to participate in sports than those without disabilities and the evidence base is sporadic. We conducted a scoping review to explore the range and quality of this evidence base. Methods: Eligible studies consisted of participants participating in LS with a physical, intellectual, mental or sensory disability and included both adults and children. Descriptive, thematic and quality assessment techniques were used to provide a comprehensive summary of all evidence. Results: We identified 57 studies, across seven different sports, with numerous physical and mental health benefits to disabled people, including improved strength, fitness and balance as well as confidence, self-esteem and overall psychological wellbeing. Key emergent themes were that participation in LS promoted the development of social skills and building of community. Conclusions: Our scoping review was the first to explore this field of research, revealing a unanimously positive association between lifestyle sports and physical and mental health. Future research could focus on understanding the relationship and mechanisms between the sport, being in nature, or participating as part of a group that creates health benefits; and identifying appropriate duration, intensity and quantity of participation needed for long-term improvements.
Comparison of the Effects of Self-Myofascial Release and Combined Core Stabilization Exercises in Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Students with Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Authors: Doğancalı Ufuk , Çil Elif Tuğçe , Subaşı Feryal
Published: February 2023

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of two treatment protocols, core stability exercises combined with the self-myofascial release and only the self-myofascial release on physiotherapy and rehabilitation students sufferin from non-specific low back pain in terms of functional capability and pain. Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial. Methods: 28 (18 females, 10 males) physiotherapy students whose activity VAS was equal or more than 6 (mean age, 26.78 ± 3.66 years) were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 groups. Group 1 received SMFR combined with core exercises while Group 2 received only SMFR. The duration of the study was 5 weeks and each protocol was performed 2 times per week. Evaluations were undertaken in the 1st, 3rd and 5th weeks. Functional capacity was evaluated with Oswestry Scale (ODI), while the pain was measured with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: VAS, total ODI and its sub-groups decreased statistically significantly in both groups (p˂0.05). Statistically significant decreases between groups have been found regarding VAS, total ODI and sub-ODI scores (pain intensity, lifting, walking, sitting, and standing) (p˂0.05). Conclusions: The self-myofascial release has a clinical effect in reducing pain, and improving function. We may conclude that self-myofascial release combined with core stability exercises seems to be more effective on pain and functional capacity.
Efeitos do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade no aumento do consumo de oxigênio de pico após acidente vascular encefálico: revisão sistemática
Authors: Souza Ana Paula de Carvalho , Silva Bárbara Leite da , Silva Janaína de Moraes , Pereira Tassiane Maria Alves
Published: February 2023

O estudo trata-se de uma revisão sistemática com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (TIAI) no aumento do consumo de oxigênio de pico (VO2pico) após AVE. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas MEDLINE por meio do banco de dados BVS, na PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs e no banco de dados da Cochrane Library por meio dos seguintes termos indexados no DeCS e no MeSH em inglês “Acidente Vascular Cerebral”, “Treinamento intervalado de Alta Intensidade” e “Consumo de Oxigênio”. Foram incluídos estudos disponíveis integralmente, sem restrição. Foram excluídos estudos duplicados, incompletos, os que não mediram o VO2pico antes e depois da intervenção ou apresentaram dados parcialmente. Um total de 3.473 estudos foram encontrados, dos quais apenas sete foram incluídos. Todos os estudos obtiveram como resultados o aumento do VO2pico após sessões de TIAI.  O aumento do VO2pico dos participantes ocorreu após sessões de treinamento com duração em torno de 30 a 40 minutos, com média de intervalos de 30 segundos. Conclui-se que o TIAI pode ser uma estratégia eficaz na melhora do condicionamento cardiorrespiratório de pessoas que sofreram AVE por meio do aumento do VO2pico.
Sintomas e diagnóstico do abscesso cerebral: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Figueiredo Bárbara Queiroz de , Marques Gabriel Henrique Nogueira , Batista Ana Luiza Macedo Gonçalves , Silva Guilherme Aparecido Gomes da , Machado Katiuscia Silva , Cunha Lara Lima Pereira da , Cardoso Mário Felipe Ruiz Gonçalves , Pereira Rafaela Miranda Proto , Souza Reinaldo Luiz de , Marques Rogério da Silva
Published: February 2023

O abscesso cerebral é uma lesão expansiva e possui a maior parte das suas manifestações derivadas desse efeito de massa sobre o parênquima encefálico. Essa apresentação geralmente é constituída pela tríade: cefaleia, febre e déficits neurológicos focais, porém, as literaturas atuais instituem que essa relação tem maior especificidade do que sensibilidade, visto que a maior parte dos pacientes não apresenta a tríade ao diagnóstico. Nesse direcionamento, é visto que a alteração do estado mental é de maior coerência ao efeito expansivo da lesão, sendo considerada uma associação de maior representatividade do abscesso cerebral. Nessa medida, são realizadas técnicas de neuroimagem em pacientes que apresentam quadros infecciosos agudos ou crônicos originados das possíveis fontes de contaminação, associados a uma sintomatologia com convulsões, déficits neurológicos focais ou sinais de aumento da pressão intracraniana. Dessa forma, o diagnóstico neurorradiológico distingue a lesão que se apresenta como uma hipodensidade na TC, hipointensidade na RMT1 e hiperintensidade na RMT2 e FLAIR, associada com uma borda de realce, característica do abscesso cerebral e importante no diagnóstico diferencial.
Acne and Systemic Diseases
Authors: Kevser Uzuncakmak Tugba , Serap Karadag Ayse , Akdeniz Necmettin
Published: February 2023

Acne is a very common, multifactorial, complex, and chronic disease of the pilosebaceous unit that affects approximately 85% of adolescent patients and 3% of adult patients. The roles of sebaceous glands, androgens, follicular epithelial cells, Propionibacterium acnes , immune mediators, environmental factors, and genetic factors are well known in acne pathogenesis. Although it is not a life-threatening disease, it is closely associated with low quality of life and psychological depression. Moreover, acne can also be associated with hypovitaminosis, or may present as a part of systemic syndromes such as: congenital adrenal hyperplasia; seborrhoea-acne-hirsutism-androgenetic alopecia syndrome; polycystic ovary syndrome; hyperandrogenaemia, insulin resistance, and acanthosis nigricans syndrome; Apert syndrome; synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis syndrome; pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne syndrome; metabolic syndromes; and Behçet’s syndrome. These syndromes must be excluded in patients with severe and recalcitrant acne.
A Comparative Study of YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 Object Detection Algorithms
Authors: Olorunshola Oluwaseyi Ezekiel , Irhebhude Martins Ekata , Evwiekpaefe Abraham Eseoghene
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the widely accepted YOLOv5 and the latest version of YOLO which is YOLOv7. Experiments were carried out by training a custom model with both YOLOv5 and YOLOv7 independently in order to consider which one of the two performs better in terms of precision, recall, mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95. The dataset used in the experiment is a custom dataset for Remote Weapon Station which consists of 9,779 images containing 21,561 annotations of four classes gotten from Google Open Images Dataset, Roboflow Public Dataset and locally sourced dataset. The four classes are Persons, Handguns, Rifles and Knives. The experimental results of YOLOv7 were precision score of 52.8%, recall value of 56.4%, mAP@0.5 of 51.5% and mAP@0.5:0.95 of 31.5% while that of YOLOv5 were precision score of 62.6%, recall value of 53.4%, mAP@0.5 of 55.3% and mAP@0.5:0.95 of 34.2%. It was observed from the experiment conducted that YOLOv5 gave a better result than YOLOv7 in terms of precision, mAP@0.5 and mAP@0.5:0.95 overall while YOLOv7 has a higher recall value during testing than YOLOv5. YOLOv5 records 4.0% increase in accuracy compared to YOLOv7.
Experiential Learning in the "First in the Nation" Primary State: Efficacy and Impact of a REAL Political Science Educational Experience
Authors: Reckendorf Alexandra , Condit Deirdre , Quigley Maddie , Wilburn Hollie
Published: February 2023

This study examines the efficacy and impact of a political science "study away" course to New Hampshire in the weeks preceding the 2016 and 2020 First in the Nation presidential primary elections. Specifically, this study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining survey research and focus groups, to investigate whether this sort of experiential learning program impacts subjects' political engagement, as well as their personal and professional growth, and an institutional affinity toward their university. This study is important because it expands our understanding of how experiential learning may shape students in normatively desirable ways, and it does so by looking beyond the traditional scope of experiential learning literature, focusing on a domestic "study away" experience of an intermediate length rather than on traditional study abroad programs, internships, and classroom simulations.
Rapid quantitative detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae in infants with severe infection disease by point-of-care immunochromatographic technique based on nanofluorescent microspheres
Authors: Chen Ying , Sha Lulu , Li Wenqing , Zhou Liuyan , Pei Bing , Bian Xinyu , Ji Yongxin , Liu Yiping , Wang Li , Yang Huan
Published: February 2023

Background:Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP, K. pneumoniae) is one of the most important nosocomial pathogens that cause severe respiratory infections. As evolutionary high-toxic strains with drug resistance genes increase year by year, the infections caused by it are often accompanied by high mortality, which may be fatal to infants and can cause invasive infections in healthy adults. At present, the traditional clinical methods for detecting K. pneumoniae are cumbersome and time-consuming, and the accuracy and sensitivity are not high. In this study, nanofluorescent microsphere (nFM)-based immunochromatographic test strip (ICTS) quantitative testing platform were developed for point-of-care testing (POCT) method of K. pneumoniae.

Methods: 19 clinical samples of infants were collected, the genus-specific gene of mdh was screened from K. pneumoniae. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with nFM-ICTS based on magnetic purification assay (PCR-ICTS) and strand exchange amplification (SEA) combined with nFM-ICTS based on magnetic purification assay (SEA-ICTS) were developed for the quantitative detection of K. pneumoniae. The sensitivity and specificity of SEA-ICTS and PCR-ICTS were demonstrated by the existing used classical microbiological methods, the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RTFQ-PCR) and PCR assay based on agarose gel electrophoresis (PCR-GE).

Results: Under optimum working conditions, the detection limits of PCR-GE, RTFQ-PCR, PCR-ICTS and SEA-ICTS are 7.7 × 10−3, 2.5 × 10−6, 7.7 × 10−6, 2.82 × 10−7 ng/μL, respectively. The SEA-ICTS and PCR-ICTS assays can quickly identify K. pneumoniae, and could specifically distinguish K. pneumoniae samples from non-K. pneumoniae samples. Experiments have shown a diagnostic agreement of 100% between immunochromatographic test strip methods and the traditional clinical methods on the detection of clinical samples. During the purification process, the Silicon coated magnetic nanoparticles (Si-MNPs) were used to removed false positive results effectively from the products, which showed of great screening ability. The SEA-ICTS method was developed based on PCR-ICTS, which is a more rapid (20 min), low-costed method compared with PCR-ICTS assay for the detection of K. pneumoniae in infants. Only need a cheap thermostatic water bath and takes a short detection time, this new method can potentially serve as an efficient point-of-care testing method for on-site detection of pathogens and disease outbreaks without fluorescent polymerase chain reaction instruments and professional technicians operation.
The short-chain fatty acid butyrate exerts a specific effect on VE-cadherin phosphorylation and alters the integrity of aortic endothelial cells
Authors: Guo Jiangang , Terhorst Inka , Stammer Paul , Ibrahim Abdulhakim , Oberhuber Alexander , Eierhoff Thorsten
Published: February 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate (BUT) largely influence vascular integrity and are closely associated with the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. However, their impact on vascular endothelial cadherin (VEC), a major vascular adhesion and signaling molecule, is largely unknown. Here, we explored the effect of the SCFA BUT on the phosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues of VEC (Y731, Y685, and Y658), which are reported to be critical for VEC regulation and vascular integrity. Moreover, we shed light on the signaling pathway engaged by BUT to affect the phosphorylation of VEC. Thereby, we used phospho-specific antibodies to evaluate the phosphorylation of VEC in response to the SCFA sodium butyrate in human aortic endothelial cells (HAOECs) and performed dextran assays to analyze the permeability of the EC monolayer. The role of c-Src and SCFA receptors FFAR2 and FFAR3 in the induction of VEC phosphorylation was analyzed using inhibitors and antagonists for c-Src family kinases and FFAR2/3, respectively, as well as by RNAi-mediated knockdown. Localization of VEC in response to BUT was assessed by fluorescence microscopy. BUT treatment of HAOEC resulted in the specific phosphorylation of Y731 at VEC with minor effects on Y685 and Y658. Thereby, BUT engages FFAR3, FFAR2, and c-Src kinase to induce phosphorylation of VEC. VEC phosphorylation correlated with enhanced endothelial permeability and c-Src-dependent remodeling of junctional VEC. Our data suggest that BUT, an SCFA and gut microbiota-derived metabolite, impacts vascular integrity by targeting VEC phosphorylation with potential impact on the pathophysiology and therapy of vascular diseases.
Advances in the molecular pathogenesis and cell therapy of stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Wang Xiao-xiao , Zhang Lei , Lu Ye
Published: February 2023

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is very common in women. It affects patients’ mental and physical health, and imposed huge socioeconomic pressure. The therapeutic effect of conservative treatment is limited, and depends heavily on patient persistence and compliance. Surgical treatment often brings procedure-related adverse complications and higher costs for patients. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand the potential molecular mechanisms underlying stress urinary incontinence and develop new treatment methods. Although some progress has been made in the basic research in recent years, the specific molecular pathogenic mechanisms of SUI are still unclear. Here, we reviewed the published studies on the molecular mechanisms associated with nerves, urethral muscles, periurethral connective tissue and hormones in the pathogenesis of SUI. In addition, we provide an update on the recent progresses in research on the use of cell therapy for treating SUI, including research on stem cells therapy, exosome differentiation and gene regulation.
DNA-nanostructure-templated assembly of planar and curved lipid-bilayer membranes
Authors: Elbahnasawy Mostafa A. , Nasr Mahmoud L.
Published: February 2023

Lipid-bilayer nanodiscs and liposomes have been developed to stabilize membrane proteins in order to study their structures and functions. Nanodiscs are detergent-free, water-soluble, and size-controlled planar phospholipid-bilayer platforms. On the other hand, liposomes are curved phospholipid-bilayer spheres with an aqueous core used as drug delivery systems and model membrane platforms for studying cellular activities. A long-standing challenge is the generation of a homogenous and monodispersed lipid-bilayer system with a very wide range of dimensions and curvatures (elongation, bending, and twisting). A DNA-origami template provides a way to control the shapes, sizes, and arrangements of lipid bilayers via enforcing the assembly of lipid bilayers within the cavities created by DNA nanostructures. Here, we provide a concise overview and discuss how to design planar and curved lipid-bilayer membranes by using DNA-origami nanostructures as templates. Finally, we will discuss the potential applications of DNA-origami nanostructures in the structural and functional studies of large membrane proteins and their complexes.