bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global variation in event-based surveillance for disease outbreak detection: A time series analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Ganser Iris , Thiébaut Rodolphe , Buckeridge David Llewellyn
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Robust and flexible infectious disease surveillance is crucial for public health. Event-based surveillance (EBS) was developed to allow timely detection of infectious disease outbreaks using mostly web-based data. Despite its widespread use, EBS has not been evaluated systematically on a global scale in terms of outbreak detection performance.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the variation in timing and frequency of EBS reports compared to true outbreaks and to identify the determinants of variability, using the example of seasonal influenza epidemics in 24 countries.

METHODS

We obtained influenza-related reports from two EBS systems, HealthMap and the WHO Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS), and weekly virologic influenza counts from FluNet as a gold standard. Epidemic influenza periods were detected based on report frequency using Bayesian change point analysis. Timely sensitivity, i.e., outbreak detection within the first two weeks before or after an outbreak onset, was calculated along with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and timeliness of detection. Linear regressions were performed to assess the influence of country-specific factors on EBS performance.

RESULTS

Overall, monitoring the frequency of EBS reports detected 73.5% of outbreaks, but only 9.2% within two weeks of onset; in the best case, monitoring the frequency of health-related reports identified 29% of outbreaks within two weeks of onset. We observed a large degree of variability in all evaluation metrics across countries. The number of EBS reports available within a country, the human development index, and the country’s geographical location partially explained this variability.

CONCLUSIONS

Monitoring the frequency of EBS reports allowed just under 10% of seasonal influenza outbreaks to be detected in a timely manner in a worldwide analysis, with a large variability in detection capabilities. This article documents the global variation of EBS performance and demonstrates that monitoring report frequency alone in EBS may be insufficient for timely detection of outbreaks. Moreover, factors such as human development index and geographical location of a country may influence the performance of EBS and should be considered in future evaluations.
Smokers' Engagement Behavior on Facebook regarding to Smoking Cessation Verbalization and Facebook Reaction Usage: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Watti Jezdancher , Millner Máté , Siklósi Kata , Kiss Hedvig , Kelemen Oguz , Pócs Dávid
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

The Transtheoretical Model recommends "processes of change", while the Motivational Interviewing approach offers “motivational language” as indicators of health behavior change. The relationship between these indicators and the usage of Facebook reaction buttons is little known. However, this relationship may highlight how to evaluate one of the most popular engagement indicators (Facebook reactions) in online health behavior change interventions.

OBJECTIVE

The study aim was to understand the relationship between processes of change, motivational language, Facebook users’ gender, and the Facebook reaction buttons.

METHODS

A total of 821 comments were analyzed in the current study (N=821), which came from different Facebook users, and responded to image-based, smoking cessation support contents. The processes of change (experiential and behavioral processes) and the motivational language (change talk and sustain talk) in the investigated comments were identified. The presence, the number, and the proportion of these linguistic categories were compared with the Facebook users’ gender and the usage of reaction buttons.

RESULTS

The Facebook users who used the “Haha” reaction button wrote significantly higher proportion of sustain talk than those who used the “Like” or “Love” reaction (P=.011). No significant difference in the number or proportion of linguistic categories was found between those who used the "Like" reaction button, and those who did not use reaction buttons. The Facebook users who combined the comment and “Love” reaction wrote significantly more change talk than those who used the “Haha” and “Like” reactions, or those who did not utilize these buttons (P<.001). Significant female dominance was observed in the presence, the number, and the proportion of experiential processes and change talk (P<.05). In addition, significant male predominance was found in the presence, the number, and the proportion of sustain talk (P<.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The "Haha" reaction may be a negative engagement indicator, the "Like" reaction may be a neutral engagement indicator, and the "Love" reaction may be a positive engagement indicator in terms of the smoking cessation during Facebook-based interventions. Furthermore, female engagement may be characterized by utilizing the terms of experiential processes and change talk, while the usage of sustain talk can be typical for male engagement. We recommend the evaluation of processes of change and motivational utterances in participants' comments during online public health interventions.
Peguero – Lo Presti Criteria from Electrocardiography to Diagnose Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Hypertension in Adam Malik Hospital
Authors: Ginting Masta N. , Andra Cut A. , Nasution Ali N. , Hasan Harris , Akbar Nizam Z. , Siregar Abdullah A.
Published: January 2022

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a preclinical manifestation of cardiovascular disease and a strong predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an easily available, easy to use and cost effective tool to evaluate LVH. Peguero – Lo Presti criteria is a newcriteria to diagnose LVH from ECG that has higher sensitivity than the other ECG criteria.Aims: To assess the ability of Peguero – Lo Presti criteria to diagnose LVH and obtain new cut-off point criteria to more accurately diagnose LVH in patients with hypertension in Adam Malik Hospital.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on patients with hypertension in cardiac centre Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Electrocardiographic examination was performed to obtain Peguero – Lo Presti point in blinded fashion. LVH was assessed using M-mode method with Cube formula. The analysis of Peguero – Lo Presti criteria was based on the calculation of the deepest S wave in any precordial lead (deepest S wave,SD) and S wave in lead V4 (SV4). A SD + SV4 ≥ 28 mm in male and ≥ 23 mm in female subjects were considered positive for LVH. LVH was defined as left ventricular mass index > 115 gr/m2 in male and > 95 gr/m2 in female subjects.Results: Peguero – Lo Presti criteria had 54.8% sensitivity, 97.6% specificity, 55.4% NPV and 97.6% PPV to diagnose LVH. Lowering the cut-off point of Peguero – Lo Presti criteria to 26 mm in male and 22 mm in female subjects improved the sensitivity from 54.8% to 67.1% with 90.5% specificity, 61.3% NPV and 92.5% PPV to diagnose LVH.Conclusion: Peguero – Lo Presti criteria on ECG could be used to diagnose LVH in patients with hypertension in Adam Malik Hospital Medan.
Electrocardiogram Structural Changes between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Severities in Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
Authors: Arif Mustajir N. , Siregar Abdullah Afif , Andra Cut Aryfa , Hasan Harris , Raynaldo Abdul Halim , Haykal T. Bob
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Cardiovascular complications caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will change the normal function and the shape of the heart’s anatomy. The purpose of this study to determine whether there was a relationship between the degree of severity of COPD and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis conduct on 80 subjects who fulfilled inclusion criteria at the outpatient cardiology clinic H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. The subject was divided equally based on the severity of COPD and ECG examination was performed. Statistical analysis processed using multivariate with p>0,05 as statistical significance The correlation is presented as Pearson r values and new values are obtained by the ROC curve.

Results: The mean age was 57±13 years with males have a majority proportion (85%). P Pulmonale and RBBB were common in severe COPD (GOLD 3 p = 0.001, GOLD 4 p <0.001). P wave axis and the amplitude of the P wave was found to be significantly different (p <0.001) with a strong and moderate correlation (r = 0.706 and r = 0.577). P-axis values of more than 56.3 degrees and P-wave amplitudes of more than 0.15 mV had a sensitivity of 80-85% and specificity of 80% to differentiate more severe COPD.

Conclusion: ECG assessment can be used to differentiate severe COPD with a fairly good correlation. ECG assessment in COPD patients can be used as the initial modality for assessing severe COPD (GOLD 3 and GOLD 4) at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan.
Correlation between P-Wave Terminal Force V1 (PTFV1) from 12-Lead ECG and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients Diagnosed With Hypertension
Authors: Dalimunthe Bambang Arie Hidayat , Akbar Nizam , Hasan Refli , Hasan Harris , Sitepu Andika , Nasution Ali Nafiah
Published: January 2022

Background: Patients diagnosed with hypertension will deteriorate into hypertensive heart disease which is characterized by diastolic dysfunction first followed by systolic dysfunction later in the course of the disease. Diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle causes an increase in LVEDP as well as in the dimension of the left atrium. P-Wave Terminal Force V1 (PTFV1) which is derived from 12 lead ECG could help diagnose diastolic dysfunction in centers where echocardiography is not available. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of PTFV1 on the 12-lead Electrocardiography with diastolic dysfunction in patients diagnosed with hypertension in the outpatient clinic of Cardiac Center Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from March 2019 until August 2019. Patients with hypertension who met the inclusion criteria were examined electrocardiographically to obtain PTFV1 value. Then echocardiography examination was then performed to assess the grades of diastolic dysfunction and other parameters. Analysis of correlation between PTFV1 values and diastolic dysfunction was then conducted.

Results: From the clinical characteristics, there is no difference regarding age, sex , and risk factorsbetween the three diastolic dysfunction groups, while echocardiography characteristic shows more reduced EF in grade III diastolic dysfunction (36.5±7.7). Significant differences in PTFV1 are found among diastolic dysfunction groups. Grade I diastolic dysfunction has PTFV1 value of 23.8 mm.ms, grade II diastolic dysfunction has PTFV1 value of 34.1 mm.ms, and grade III diastolic dysfunction has PTFV1 value of 52.1 mm.ms, Significance of  p value is <0.001. There is a strong correlation between PTFV1 and diastolic dysfunction grade (r = 0.63 (P <0.001)). Cut off point of PTFV1 > 29.8 mm.ms can discriminate patients who have increased LAP with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 71%.

Conclusions: PTFV1 is a simple screening tool which is widely available and correlate well with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertension, which makes it a good alternative tool especially in areas where echocardiography is not readily available.
Glucose Triglycerides Index as a Predictor of Severity of Coronary Artery Assessed with Syntax Score I in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients
Authors: Sulistyono Tego , Nugraha Triadhy , Wasyanto Trisulo
Published: January 2022

Background: Pre-diabetes is a golden period to prevent and delay the development of diabetes. In coronary heart disease, there are more patients with impaired glucose tolerance than the patients without impaired glucose tolerance, so screening is needed in patients who have risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Assessment of insulin resistance is a "fundamental goal" that has a large value of prevention. Triglyceride Glucose (TyG) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance that can be applied to the community as a practical and efficient screening method.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess TyG index for the severity of coronary arteries as assessed by SYNTAX score I in ACS patients.

Methods: This study was an analytic cross-sectional study with a sample of 36 ACS patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) examinations in the catheterization laboratory of General Hospital Dr. Moewardi. The mean value of coronary artery severity was assessed using SYNTAX Score I. Subjects were then divided into two groups and then associated TyG index with coronary artery severity assessed by SYNTAX score I. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: In this study, the best TyG index value in predicting the severity of coronary arteries is a cut-off value of 8.67 (AUC 0.738) with a specificity of 70.00% and sensitivity of 69.23%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TyG index was an independent predictor of a high SYNTAX scores (OR 5.25, 95% CI 1.07 - 25.70).

Conclusion: The TyG index shows good sensitivity and specificity to classify the degree of coronary severity in ACS patients with pre-diabetes.
Single Coronary Artery, a Coronary Anatomy Anomaly
Authors: Rahman Arzia Pramadi , Taufiq Nahar , Hariawan Hariadi
Published: January 2022

Coronary artery anomaly and variation is a group of congenital abnormality of the coronary artery with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. The cases are rare and usually found incidentally, but they become interesting because they are the second most causes for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young adults participating in competitive sports. The number of cases of coronary artery anomaly is starting to rise as the number of cases undergoing invasive and non-invasive diagnosis procedure. Single coronary artery is a very rare congenital anomaly where there is only one coronary ostium to supply the whole heart. This anomaly usually occurs with other congenital anomaly. The symptoms may be unspecific from asymptomatic until SCD. This case report discusses about a patient with single coronary artery, its clinical approach, and the treatment options.
Association between Red Cell Distribution Width and Left Atrial Thrombus in Patients with Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Alfiansyah Mirza , Purwaningtyas Niniek
Published: January 2022

Background:  Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a quantitative measure of variability in the size of circulating erythrocytes and previously shown to provide information concerning the prothrombotic status or adverse outcome of cardiovascular disease. Left atrial thrombus (LAT) is commonly detected in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF) due to rheumatic mitral valve stenosis (RMVS) but there is very limited data regarding the predictive value of RDW for the development of LAT in these patients.

Aim: To determine the association between RDW and LAT in VAF patients.

Methods: A total of 58 patients were included in a retrospective observational study between January 2016 to December 2016 in patients who admitted to Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, due to symptomatic VAF. Blood examination and transthoracic echocardiography were performed to all patients. LAT was defined as a fixed or mobile echogenic mass within left atrium (LA) and left atrial appendage (LAA). The RDW was compared between a patient with LAT or without LAT.

Results: There were 28 patients (mean age: 46.2±13.3 years) in LAT(+) group and 30 patients (mean age: 45.6±11.5 years) in LAT(-) group. RDW was significantly higher in LAT(+) group (14.4±1.8% vs. 13.3±1.5%, p=0.010). The RDW was independent predictor of LAT by multivariate analysis (OR 1.619; p=0.020; 95% CI: 1.079-2.429). The cut-off RDW value for LAT was >13.5% with a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 64.3% (area under curve=0.700; 95% CI: 0.562-0.838; p=0.009). The prevalence of LAT was significantly higher in patient with an RDW >13.5% than in those with an RDW <13.5 % (64.3% and 35.7%, p=0.002), with prevalence ratio 5.91.

Conclusion: This study shows that a higher level of RDW has an association with the presence of LAT and an independent risk factor of LAT formation in patients with VAF.
A Woman with Double Chamber Right Ventricle
Authors: Pradana Furqon Satria Adi , Dinarti Lucia Kris , Gharini Putrika Prastuti Ratna
Published: January 2022

Introduction: An additional membrane or muscle band inside right ventricle divides it into two chambers, the proximal and distal one. It is a rare congenital malformation which makes up approximately 0.5-1 per cent of all congenital heart defects. The double chambers right ventricle most often present in children but rarely in adults. Transoesophageal Echocardiography is the most effective tool in diagnosing a DCRV.Case presentation: A 36 years old woman, diagnosed with large ventricular septal defect by transthoracic echocardiography, underwent a TOE to complement the preparation of surgical closure. The TOE finding instead revealed a septum or membrane that divide the right ventricle into two separate chambers, later confirmed by a cardiac computer tomographic scan and cardiac cathetherization. The patient underwent surgery with VSD closure and resection of the septum without complications. Echocardiography paramater became normal albeit still had some septal tissue left in order to limit sudden surge of blood flow into pulmonary artery. Follow up indicate patient has no symptom associated with the surgeryConclusion: The patient was diagnosed with double chamber right ventricle during preparation for surgery by TOE examination. We present this case in order to emphasize the rarity of this congenital heart disease
Aesthetic Determinants in the Pottery Tradition of the Urhobo People of Nigeria’S Niger Delta
Authors: Abamwa Oghenekevwe E. , Diakparomre Abel M.
Published: January 2022

Pottery practice is one of the three-dimensional enterprises of the Urhobo people who inhabit part of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The people are also known for the production of massive sculptures in wood and mud. Many of the pottery products of the people are, as is the case with their sculptures, configurations of volumes. The expressiveness of these pots is, in part, determined by the way in which the constituting volumes meet each other. In most literature that is available on this art practice of the people, this structural feature is diminished in importance or not considered as a contributing element to the general aesthetics of the ware. This paper interrogates the structural elements that constitute the pots. This is done by dissembling the pots into their structural components (volumes) and analyzing the manner of their coming together to constitute the pot. The findings show that two basic transitions are used as aesthetic attributes in the pottery products from the study area. The study also reaffirms that the extent to which an object satisfies the purpose for which it is made is a strong determinant of the aesthetic value ascribed to the object by a people.
Attempt to Concealed the Identity by Modifying Deliberately the Complete Alteration of Signature
Authors: Sharma Dr. Ravindra
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The significance of the written material in civil and criminal litigation is generally depend on the authorship or origin of the document. Task of examination and comparison is more complex than it may seems to be, when a person changes the writing attributes of his/her signatures by using deliberately modification of complete alteration in the form of allographic style of handwriting which falls in the will full manner of disguise signature. Many people may have the same name but no two person have identical signatures. The fact that a person writes his/her signature so often means that it is deeply engraved on his subconscious. Anyone who wants to change the pattern of his/her own signature has to struggle against the power of his/her subconscious mind. Since this subconscious does not readily accept imposed changes, in most cases, it wins over the conscious. The resemblance will therefore be so obvious that the expert will quickly realize that signatures are only a disguised version of the person’s own genuine signature. A unique case with complete alteration of her signature by the complainant was evaluated for signs of disguise with the help of handwriting and fixed the authorship as a result of resemblance of writing attributes in individual signatures of the person concerned. Keywords: Disguised, signature, allograph, handwriting attributes etc
Impact of Tax reforms in Government of Indias Indirect Tax Collections with Special Reference to Year 2000-2020
Authors: Tiwari CA Naveen Kumar
Published: January 2022

Abstract: In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the implications of tax reforms after the economic liberalization in 1991 with respect to collection of indirect tax revenue of the Government of India during the last two decades (2000-20). The composition of indirect tax revenue of the Government has undergone a drastic change during the last two decades. Post implementation of the GST Act, the levy of Central Excise has been restricted to petroleum and tobacco products and GST has evolved as the major contributor to the indirect tax revenue collections followed by the Customs Duty. Comparative analysis of indirect tax collections of the Central Government with respect to its growth, share in gross tax revenue, percentage of GDP and composition has been done for the period from 2000-01 to 2019-20. The current study has revealed the growth rate of indirect taxes has not only been uneven but also declined during the year 2001-02, 2008-09 and 2009-10. The share of indirect tax in the gross tax revenue has also gradually declined from 63% in 2000-01 to 46% in 2019- 20%. The indirect tax-GDP ratio has remained stagnant in the range of 3.5 to 5.5 % during the last two decades.
Content of Pedagogical Education in the Modern World: Meanings, Problems, Practices and Development Prospects
Authors: Bermus Aleksandr G. , Serikov Vladislav V. , Altynikova Natalya V.
Published: January 2022

The article examines modern ideas about the nature of pedagogical activity, providing a critical analysis of the state of practice and scientific research on the problems of pedagogical education and reconstructing a set of methodological ideas, concepts and schemes related to ideas about the content and forms of pedagogical education. The authors present approaches to solving such problems as the modern understanding of the essence of pedagogical activity and the trends of its transformation in connection with the changed educational space, new functions of the teacher in the digital educational environment; crisis phenomena in pedagogical education and ways to overcome them. In this vein, the authors consider the concept of pedagogical education, substantiating its goals, content options and psychological mechanisms for mastering pedagogical activity. The proposed model of the process of professional socialization of teachers reveals the content, technologies and criteria for their effective professional training, dialectics of psychological, pedagogical and subject components in the structure of professional competence. Consideration is also given to the environment of a pedagogical university as a source of development of pedagogical experience and personal and professional qualities of teachers. The article may be of interest to researchers and organizers in the field of pedagogical education.
Current Problems of Preventing Aggressive Behavior in the Educational Environment: A Case Study of Three Schools in the Russian Countryside
Authors: Guryanova Marina P. , Selivanova Elena I.
Published: January 2022

Among the most acute socio-pedagogical problems facing the modern Russian school is the increasing number of aggressive manifestations in the educational environment. This situation actualizes the schools need for the prevention and correction of aggressive behavior. The article presents the results of a socio-pedagogical research, the purpose of which was to identify the types and forms of aggressive behavior in the educational environment and to explore the current state of preventive work. The study was conducted by the Institute for the Study of Childhood, Family and Upbringing in July 2021 in the form of a questionnaire survey of directors of educational organizations. The methodology of the research included a socio-pedagogical analysis of situations of aggressive manifestations among students, teachers and parents; study of social, environmental, family and personal factors of aggressive behavior; and identification of mechanisms for preventing aggressive behavior in the educational environment. The results are presented in the format of socio-psychological portraits of three schools located in the countryside, which are prominent representatives of Russian rural society. The study made it possible to draw the following main conclusions: (1) preventive work becomes an independent type of pedagogical work; (2) cyber-aggression, which was actively manifested during the period of distance learning and now requires comprehensive preventive work with students, teachers, and parents, is an over-pressing problem for educational organizations; (3) todays school is faced with the urgent task of developing and implementing programs for the prevention and correction of aggressive behavior. The ideas presented in the article can be used in the practice of educational organizations of different types.
Peculiarities of Greek Origin Words Perception by the Representatives of Contemporary Russian Linguistic Culture: Associative Experiment
Authors: Shaklein Viktor M. , Scomarovscaia Anastasia A.
Published: January 2022

The article describes the associative experiment as one of the most productive methods of modern psycholinguistics. The theoretical works of Russian and foreign researchers on the theory and practice of the associative experiment in modern linguistics are reviewed. To illustrate the associative experiment, the analysis of the associative fields, formed by the reactions of the Russian-speaking respondents to the words of Greek origin is presented. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the authors make an attempt to study the peculiarities of the perception of borrowed words, using the mechanisms of perception of these or those concepts by native speakers, their evaluation and connotations. This seems interesting not only for contemporary psycholinguistics, but also for semantics, stylistics, cognitive linguistics and other branches of linguistics. The linguocultural value of the study lies in the fact that the experiment allows determine how a word of foreign origin, occurring in Russian, retains the charge of the original culture from which it came. The linguistic material for the study is the most common or typical Greek expressions from the poems of A.S. Khomyakov, a Russian poet of the 19th century, one of the founders of the Slavophile movement. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the language of A.S. Khomyakovs works is still understudied. The study of the Greekisms as a foreign cultural phenomenon in the texts of a Slavophile poet, whose philosophical concept is connected with "traditionalism" both in the understanding of culture and language, is of scientific interest. We describe the associative fields to the words-stimuli prophet and ether , using Y.N. Karaulov's methodology, which implies the consideration of associations from lexico-syntactic, morphological, cognitive, pragmatic and statistical points of view. From the linguocultural point of view it is important to identify the cognitive features of the perception of the stimuli. The experiment helped to discover that words of Greek origin continue to carry a charge of Greek culture, in addition, they have become an integral part of Russian culture, manifesting themselves in the minds of native speakers through association with Russian precedent texts. The analysis of associative fields made it possible to reveal the peculiarities of the perception of words of Greek origin by native speakers of modern Russian, and to compare the obtained meanings with those that the words had when they were written in the 19th century. The transformation of semantics, as well as the re-accumulation from one meaning to another, the emergence of new meanings, which corresponds to the historical development of words, are noted.
Bible Translations in Sweden
Authors: Matytsina Irina V.
Published: January 2022

The article focuses on approaches to Bible translation that existed in Sweden in different periods. Special attention is payed to what is to date the latest translation in 2000 (Bible 2000). On the eve of celebration of the 500th anniversary of the first translation of the Gospels (1526) this topic is particularly relevant and discussed more and more actively in works by Swedish researchers, first and foremost because a new edition of the next Bible translation is planned in 2026. This tradition goes back to 1540-1541 when translation of the full Bible was printed, known as the Gustav Vasa Bible (Gustav Vasas Bibel), which has made an impact on the hearts and minds of Swedish people for almost four centuries and formed the basis of Standard Swedish. The approach declared by Luther has become a fundamental principle of Bible translations into Swedish: text must convey precisely the message, spirit and content of the original, not literally, however, but in the language that is clear to uneducated people. The Gustav Vasa Bible was reissued twice: in 1618 (the Gustav II Adolf Bible) and 1703 (the Charles XII Bible). Whats more, every new edition was redacted officially. In 1773 Gustav III established the Biblical Commission and requested to replace the outdated text with a new one. However, there were numerous changes in the Swedish Language during the XXth century. Besides, the development of linguistics and translation studies, as well as new scientific data have formed the basis of a new Bible translation project that was launched in 1972 and ended up with publishing the Bible-2000. The translation is the result of collaboration between numerous scholars and average readers. It took almost thirty years to perform the work. In the end, a text was created which most people think is unique, as it strives to convey the style of each particular book. However, there is obviously a gap between the new text and the centuries-old tradition of Bible translation, because after textual analysis was complete, scholars and translators often took decisions about how to render separate words and whole phrases. Their decisions had nothing in common with established practice. Consequently, critics consider that the text of Bible-2000 is often greatly oversimplified, everyday, lacking its solemn beauty and magnificence.
Linguistic and Stylistic Means of Satire Construction in the Animated Series
Authors: Demina Olga V.
Published: January 2022

The study is devoted to the description of linguistic and stylistic means of satire construction in modern American animated series. The article deals with a detailed analysis of the linguistic and stylistic means that actualize the satiric and ironic meanings for a satire creation based on the examples of American series. Cartoonists often resort to satire as a unique genre of art to express direct or indirect criticism of the structure of modern society. Modern satirical cartoons contain vivid elements of parody and caricature. An obligatory consequence of satirical creativity is exposure and laughter. The methods of socio-political satire of modern animated serials are enhanced by the interplay of irony and sarcasm, hyperbole and grotesque, allegory and allusion, paraphrase and play on words. American animated series mirror modern reality, they reflect numerous facts of daily life and current environment touching their most critical sides: economics, politics, education, religion, ethnic issues, international ties and relations, interpersonal dealings. Socio-political satire is peculiar in that it does not spare not only the ruling branch of power, but also an ordinary, ordinary, gray person. In this dullness and ignorance of his, the average man in the street is ready to blindly obey the most ridiculous and absurd orders. Of course, an animated series cannot solve acute social or political problems facing society. But the fact that these questions are raised means that the problems are urgent. The purpose of such satire is to reflect on mistakes and not repeat them in the future. For example, South Park, Rick and Morty, Family Guy, F is for Family parody the modern family, social order, exaggerate social issues to the extreme. The relevance of this study is due to several reasons: first, the abundance of cartoon products on the modern film industry market. Secondly, the role that cartoons and serials play in the life of a modern person and in the culture of postmodernity. It is common knowledge that over the past few years, the TV series and animated series industry has changed a lot: streaming services (Netflix, Hulu and Amazon) appear, new formats are released, and more and more cartoon characters are voiced by famous actors. Thirdly, it is confirmed by the idea of the existence of the phenomenon of the "Big Serial Bang", expressed by Doctor of Philosophy, Professor of the Higher School of Economics V.A. Kurenniy. The fact that modern TV series are a cultural product that accurately reflects the spirit of the times remains an indisputable fact. Such a visual narrative fits perfectly into the framework of modern society.
Pragmatic (In)appropriateness of Diminutives in Russian Language
Authors: Trubnikova Victoriya Yu.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the issue of pragmatic meanings of diminutive forms in the Russian language from the point of view of politeness and speech act theories. The impact of diminutives on the illocutionary force and perlocutionary effects of speech acts raises the question of their appropriateness in various communicative situations. Since there is a negative bias towards diminutives among lay native speakers, it was decided to analyse their opinions, beliefs and feelings in order to define 1) the speakers illocutionary intentions; 2) contexts of use and 3) perlocutionary effects. The online articles, forums, posts on social networks and comments of Internet users were collected, with a total amount of 23 sources and 714 user comments. The emic and bottom-up approach referred to speakers intuition reveal 1) negative attitude towards diminutives in hierarchical relationships, 2) perception of diminutives as a positive politeness tool in low distance relationships, 3) perception of diminutives as a manipulative tool in unequal relationships. Thus, the appropriate use of diminutives calls for pragmatic skills to assess a communicative situation in terms of social variables, such as social distance and power, mutual costs and benefits, rights and obligations of interlocutors.
Gender Stereotypes in Teaching Aids on Russian as a Foreign Language for Beginners
Authors: Artyukhova Natalya S. , Saykina Olga S. , Solovyeva Anna A.
Published: January 2022

The paper brings up the issue of reflecting gender roles in textbooks for international students, investigates which concepts of men and women they can potentially form among foreign students on the basis of these teaching aids. The aim of the present study is to describe the gender roles of men and women in the textbooks of the Russian language for beginners. For that, it was necessary to solve a number of tasks, such as fixing examples of gender-characterized units in teaching aids; creating a system of categories for comparison and comparing the analysis results of all involved textbooks. The following methods of qualitative content analysis, classification method, comparison method were used in the work. Popular textbooks on Russian as a foreign language were taken for the analysis. This study makes it possible to investigate gender roles in Russian culture through the spectacle of the textbooks for foreigners, allowing us to get a new angle on the correlation of gender characteristics. The study can also be used by future textbook authors to further develop textbook characters in terms of their gender roles. The authors of the study conclude that textbook representations convey stereotypic ideas about the roles of men and women, but these images cannot be recognized as corresponding to extra-linguistic reality, which can potentially result in communication failures among foreign students when interacting with Russians.
Separación Madre - Recién Nacido hospitalizado en pandemia: Un acontecimiento para reflexionar
Authors: Baeza Weinmann Bernardita , Escobar-Canales Constanza , Ferrada-Lobos Bárbara , Conejeros-Rebolledo Camila , Lagos-Cisternas Catalina
Published: January 2022

RESUMEN
La pandemia por el virus SARS-CoV-2, ha provocado cambios en los protocolos de atención en todos los servicios del país, incluidas las unidades de neonatología, dificultando la cercanía entre las madres y sus recién nacidos, y poniendo en riesgo la generación del vínculo y posterior apego seguro entre el niño y la madre. La hospitalización neonatal, gatilla en las madres afecciones psicoemocionales, debidas principalmente por la consecuente separación. Existe evidencia del impacto que genera en las madres la hospitalización neonatal durante el período de pandemia. Se visualiza la insuficiencia de protocolos establecidos para permitir la cercanía materna con el neonato en contexto de pandemia, por lo que se plantea la necesidad de replantear los protocolos de visita y definir estrategias de detección precoz de alteraciones de salud mental en las madres que han sido separadas de sus neonatos. Se efectúa una reflexión respecto de las acciones, prioridades y desafíos que las matronas y matrones debemos considerar para velar por el bienestar del binomio. Así como la detección a nivel primario de salud, mediante acciones de matronería, que parece ser una intervención ética.
A Review on Synthesis, Properties, of Liquid Crystal Dendrimers
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad-Iraq, H. Aliand Zinah , R. Jber Nasreen ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad-Iraq
Published: January 2022

This review provides brief information concerning with the dendrimer. The supramolecular organization of selected examples of liquid-crystalline dendrimers within lamellar, columnar and nematic phases is reported. It is shown that tuning of the mesomorphic structure can be achieved by an appropriate molecular design depending upon the chemical nature of the terminal mesogenic groups, dendritic core and dendrimer generation. The pseudospherical shape of a dendrimer arises from its structure, which consists of an internal region (the core) which is connected to repeating units constituting a radial branching pattern.
Description of Some Aquatic Insect Genera in Greater Zab River Branches, North of Iraq
Authors:   Department of Health andEnvironmental Science, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, Mustafa Khudhur Shelan , Ahmed Shekha Yahya ,   Department of Health andEnvironmental Science, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Published: January 2022

Aquatic insects samples were collected from 6 sites along the Greater Zab River in the northern Iraq from Duhok and Erbil governorates over 12 months during September 2016 to August2017, which belong to seven orders (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Odonatan, Diptera, Coleoptera, and Megaloptera). Clustering mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase and 16S rDNA genes, morphological keys, and matches in the Barcode of Life Database, we identified 24 species return to 7 orders and 12 families, as indicated in the results. The reported species were: Ephemeroptera 5 members of the family Heptageniidae (Maccaffertium meririvulanum, Raptoheptagenia cruentata, Ecdyonurus dispar, Anepeorus rusticus, Stenonema femoratum), 1 Ephemerellidae (Seratella ignita), 1 Arthropleidae (Arthroplea bipunctata), 6 Baetidae (Baetis alpinus, Baetis braaschi, Baetis noa, Baetis harrisoni, Iswaeon anoka, Heterocloeon amplum), 1 member for each of Diptera, Coleoptera, Megaloptera and Odonatan orders, while Plecoptera 2 members Leuctridae (Leuctra hippopoides, Leuctra inermis) and Tricoptera 4 members 3 Hydropsychidae (Leptonema albovirens, Hydropsyche simulans, Arctopsyche irrorate), 1 Hydroptilidae (Ochrotrichia tenuata). Most of these recorded species and genera were mentioned for the first time and represent new records in Iraq. Presence and distribution of identified species varied between studied sites, as a result of differences in biogeographical and physical conditions.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AUDIT DELAY DENGAN REPUTASI KAP SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ 45 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PADA TAHUN 2015 - 2019)
Authors: Rahardi Fuad , Afrizal Afrizal , Arum Enggar Diah P.
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, opini audit, solvabilitas, profitabilitas dan komite audit terhadap audit delay dengan reputasi KAP sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam indeks LQ-45 tahun 2015 - 2019 di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik penarikan sampel penelitian adalah dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling yaitu sampel dipilih atas dasar kesesuaian karakteristik sampel dengan kriteria pemilihan sampel yang ditentukan. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data panel dan uji selisih mutlak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: solvabilitas dan komite audit berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap audit delay, sedangkan profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap audit delay. Sementara itu, ukuran perusahaan dan opini audit tidak berpengaruh terhadap audit delay. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa reputasi KAP mampu memoderasi hubungan ukuran perusahaan dan solvabilitas dengan audit delay dan tidak mampu memoderasi hubungan opini audit, profitabilitas dan komite audit dengan audit delay.
DETERMINAN KEPEMILIKAN ASING, KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, KEBIJAKAN HUTANG, DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN
Authors: W.A Esthie Nur , Mukhzarudfa Mukhzarudfa , Yudi Yudi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan asing, kebijakan hutang dan kebijakan deviden terhadap kinerja keuangan pada perusahaan BUMN di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan populasi penelitian adalah semua perusahaan BUMN. Berdasarkan data yang dirilis oleh BUMN (bumn.go.id), pada tahun 2018 tercatat 115 perusahaan BUMN. Sedangkan sampel yang memenuhi kriteria purposive sampling berjumlah 16 perusahaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan data sekunder hasil dari annual report. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan dengan variabel kepemikikan manajerial, kepemilikan asing, kebijakan hutang, dan kebijakan deviden berpengaruh positif terhadap variabel independen kinerja keuangan. Variabel kepemilikan manajerial tidak berpengaruh psoitif terhadap kinerja keuangan. Variabel kepemilikan asing tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan. Variabel kebijakan hutang berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja keuangan. Variabel kebijakan deviden berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan.
PENGARUH KEJELASAN SASARAN ANGGARAN DAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA PEMERINTAHAN KOTA JAMBI (KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI)
Authors: Kharisma P Indra , Rahayu Sri , Yudi Yudi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kejelasan sasaran anggaran, pengendalian intern terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja Pemerintah Kota Jambi dengan komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pegawai yang bekerja pada instansi Pemerintah Kota Jambi, di mana sampel dalam penelitian adalah Kepala OPD, Kasubbag Perencanaan dan Evaluasi dan Pejabat Penatausahaan Keuangan (PPK) dilingkungan instansi pemerintah Kota Jambi yang berjumlah 72 responden. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data primer. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dan MRA dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kejelasan sasaran anggaran dan pengendalian intern berpengaruh positif baik secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja pemerintah. Komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel moderasi dapat memoderasi hubungan antara kejelasan sasaran anggaran terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja pemerintah, sedangkan komitmen organisasi tidak dapat memoderasi hubungan antara pengendalian intern terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja pemerintah.
Kata kunci:     Pengaruh kejelasan sasaran anggaran, pengendalian intern terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja Pemerintah Kota Jambi dengan komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel pemoderasi.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, PARTISIPASI PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN, PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMDA KERINCI
Authors: Imelia Destipa , Rahayu Sri , Wiralestari Wiralestari
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pengaruh Kompetensi SDM, Partisipasi Penyusunan Anggaran, Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Sistem pengendalian Internal Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemda Kerinci.  Populasi yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah  seluruh Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang ada di 27 OPD Kabupaten kerinci, Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Sebagai sampel peneliti mengambil 5 orang responden dari  masing-masing OPD, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 135Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) sebagai sampel.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan regresi berganda. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji statistik t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Secara bersama–sama Kompetensi SDM, Partisipasi penyusunan anggaran, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi  dan sistem pengendalian intern pemerintah  berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan. (2) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara kompetensi SDM dengan kualitas laporan keuangan.(3) Hasil pengukuran pengaruh tingkat partisipasi penyusunan anggaran terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh yang  signifikan (4) Hubungan membuktikan terdapat pengaruh positif yang signifikan antara pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dengan kualitas laporan keuangan. (5) Sistem pengendalian intern Pemda Kerinci tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan daerah.

Kata Kunci:    Kompetensi SDM, Partisipasi Penyusunan Anggaran, Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi, Sistem pengendalian Internal, Kualitas Laporan Keuangan