bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formación de la competencia atención al adulto mayor del especialista en Medicina General Integral en el Policlínico “Máximo Gómez Báez” del municipio Holguín, Cuba
Authors: Del Cerro Campano Yanett , Cruz Cabeza Miguel Alejandro , Alonso Betancourt Luis Anibal
Published: April 2022

La fundamentación pedagógica del proceso de formación de la competencia profesional asistencial atención al adulto mayor de los médicos residentes en Medicina General Integral pertenecientes al Policlínico “Máximo Gómez Báez” del municipio Holguín, Cuba; que se sustenta en una dinámica de educación médica superior en alternancia que permiten armonizar e integrar de manera contextualizada a la docencia médica superior con la educación en el trabajo y la investigación, desde la vinculación entre la dimensión instructiva, educativa y el crecimiento profesional, se constituye en el aporte del presente artículo y en su principal resultado. Para la obtención del resultado declarado se desarrolló una investigación documental cualitativa de tipo interpretativa - comprensiva que empleó los métodos de análisis y síntesis, el inductivo – deductivo y la revisión de documentos. Como resultado del proceso investigativo se pudo constatar la alta pertinencia de los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos que emergen de la Pedagogía Profesional como ciencia para la comprensión del proceso de formación de competencias profesionales en el médico residente de la especialidad Médico General Integral, y en particular la que refiere la atención al adulto mayor como competencia profesional específica.
POP SÜRREALİZM’İN KULLANDIĞI POPÜLER KÜLTÜR ÖĞELERİ
Authors: UZUN Eda , ATILGAN Nadire
Published: April 2022

Pop Sürrealizm (Lowbrow Sanat), 1970’larda Los Angeles'ın Batı Kıyısında ortaya çıkmış ve yirmi birinci yüzyılda yaygınlaşmıştır. Hot Rod (Kustom Kulture), Punk, çizgi roman, karikatür, grafiti, anime, psychedelic sanat gibi birçok kaynaktan beslenmektedir. Bu sanat hareketi, popüler kültür öğelerinin mizahi bir anlayışla gerçeküstü bir ortama taşındığı bir anlayışı ifade etmektedir. Bu ortam, pop görüntülerle dolu bir bilinçaltı derinliği ya da bir rüya sahnesine benzemektedir. Sanatçılar fizik kurallarını alt üst ederek, tarihten, reklamlardan veya filmlerden tanıdığı karakterleri tuhaf ve eğlenceli bir ortama taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Pop Sürrealizm sanat hareketi tarafından yirmi birinci yüzyılda içerik haline getirilen popüler kültür öğelerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Pop Sürrealizm’in içeriğe dönüştürdüğü popüler kültür öğelerinin en önemlileri arasında; film ve çizgi filmler, televizyon dizileri, çizgi roman ve karikatürler, reklam görüntüleri ve retro grafikler, tanınmış kişi ve eserler, dijital oyunlar ve oyuncaklar bulunmaktadır. Pop Sürrealist sanatçıların farklı birçok güncel popüler kültür öğesinden ilham aldığı bu çalışmanın sonuçları arasındadır.
Price Discovery and Volatility Spillover in Commodity Futures and Spot Market in India: An Empirical Analysis
Authors:   Research Scholar, Haryana School of Business, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, Garg Sonia , Narwal Karam Pal ,   Professor, Haryana School of Business, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the price discovery process, persistence of volatility and spillover of volatility in commodity futures and spot market in India. Methodology: In this paper, commodities namely, mentha oil, cotton, gold and aluminium have been selected to explore the process of price discovery, volatility persistence and spillover of volatility using cointegration test, vector error correction (VECM), granger causality and GARCH model. Findings: The results of VECM suggest that price discovery takes place in futures market in case of all commodities except for mentha oil where price discovery occurs in spot market. The Block Exogeneity Wald test (granger causality) results also show that futures market has stronger ability to predict the spot prices. The results of GARCH model indicate that volatility is persistent for all commodities except mentha oil futures return. In the support of VECM and granger causality test results, GARCH model results also indicate that volatility spillovers from futures return to spot return for all selected commodities except cotton where volatility spillovers from spot return to futures return. Practical Implications: The findings of this study significantly contribute to the Indian commodity derivatives market literature and useful for future researchers, investors, hedgers, economists and policy makers. Originality: There are very few studies that have examined the price discovery process and spillover of volatility using combination of both agricultural and nonagricultural commodities in India.
Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos: Pesquisas e Avanços
Authors: PINTO E. G. , MARTINS W. F. , MEDEIROS J. A. , NIRO C. M. , OLIVEIRA K. Á. R.
Published: April 2022

Este e-book “Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos: Pesquisas e Avanços”, volume 2, pretende-se divulgar os mais recentes estudos da área, visando ajudar estudantes, pesquisadores e profissionais a terem novas perspectivas sobre as temáticas trabalhadas. Nesse contexto, o e-book trabalhou dentro dos eixos temáticos: Controle de qualidade e segurança de alimentos; Inovação e desenvolvimento de novos produtos; Métodos analíticos aplicados em alimentos; Microbiologia e toxicologia dos alimentos; Análise sensorial e Pesquisas com o consumidor.
EFFECT OF PINEAPPLE PEEL FLOUR IN PROBIOTIC ICE CREAM ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, CELL VIABILITY AND SENSORIAL ASPECTS
Authors: Carneiro W. S. F. R , Finkler L. , Finkler C. L. L. , Ribeiro E.
Published: April 2022

Agro-industrial waste deriving from fruits processing industries are rich in fibers and have potential to be incorporated into food. This work aims to study the effect of adding pineapple peel flour (PPF) to probiotic ice cream on the physicochemical properties, cell viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 and sensory aspects. PPF was characterized in terms of pH, water activity, titratable acidity, moisture, fiber and lipids. Probiotic ice creams containing 2.7 % PPF and without flour were analyzed for pH, titratable acidity, overrun, melting rate and probiotic viability during storage at – 20 ºC for 90 days. Physicochemical analyzes of PPF showed its potential for fiber enrichment in food. Addition of dietary fiber increased the overrun ratio and decreased the melting rate as compared with the control. Cell viability values of 8.3 log CFU/mL and 9.3 log CFU/mL were obtained for the control and PPF samples, respectively, after 90 days of storage at -20 °C. Sensory evaluation indicated approval of the ice cream containing PPF with results similar to the control. The results suggested that the addition of PPF resulted in an improved viability of L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 in probiotic ice cream.
EFEITO DA OZONIZAÇÃO NA CONSERVAÇÃO DOS ALIMENTOS: REVISÃO
Authors: Pacheco F. C. , Pacheco A. F. C. , Cunha J. S. , Paiva P. H. C. , Leite Júnior B. R. C.
Published: April 2022

A indústria de alimentos tem buscado progressivamente tecnologias alternativas para garantir a segurança e a qualidade dos produtos visando atendendo aos anseios dos consumidores. Pesquisas sobre tecnologias capazes de inativar microrganismos patogênicos e deterioradores com mínimas alterações sobre as propriedades nutricionais, técnico-funcionais e sensoriais dos alimentos estão em amplo desenvolvimento. Neste contexto, a utilização do ozônio vem se tornando uma grande aposta na busca por sanitizantes eficientes e por métodos não térmicos que auxiliam na conservação dos alimentos, além de ser uma alternativa ecologicamente sustentável e economicamente viável. O ozônio tem sido utilizado em tratamentos pós-colheita, armazenamento e processamento de alimentos, incluindo frutas, vegetais, carnes e leite em níveis estabelecidos por agências centrais. Apesar do reconhecido efeito do ozônio contra bactérias (incluindo esporos), vírus, protozoários, fungos e leveduras, alguns fatores influenciam na sua eficácia, tais como características intrínsecas dos alimentos (composição, atividade de água, pH, potencial de oxirredução, dentre outras) e a qualidade, temperatura e pH da água. Logo, esta revisão tem como objetivo descrever sobre a aplicação do ozônio como agente sanitizante e tecnologia não térmica de conservação na indústria alimentícia, bem como suas vantagens e limitações.
REVISÃO SOBRE O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE KOMBUCHÁ
Authors: Augustinho B. F. , Silva T. H. B. , Pinto E. G. , Martins W. F. , Soares D. S. B. , Fernandes A. P. S.
Published: April 2022

A indústria de alimentos está em constante evolução para atender as demandas dos consumidores, que cada vez mais vem demonstrando interesse em produtos que possuam benefícios relacionados a saudabilidade e bem estar, e neste sentido os produtos fermentados atendem a essas demandas, em especial a Kombuchá que é obtida através da fermentação aeróbia e fermentação anaeróbia do mosto obtido pela infusão ou extrato de Camellia sinensis e açúcares por cultura de bactérias e leveduras. A Kombuchá ainda pode ser caracterizada como uma bebida alcoólica, respeitando os limites de 0,6% a 8,0% do teor alcoólico. Diversos estudos abordaram os benefícios do consumo desta bebida, podendo citar atividade antioxidante, prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares, cancro, insuficiência renal e diabetes, além de possuir atividades antimicrobianas, provenientes da catequina e flavonóis e com relatos de feitos relaxantes, proveniente do aminoácido teanina. No entanto apesar destes benefícios apresentados, estudos principalmente envolvendo a parte de digestão in vitro se faz necessário para averiguar as extensões dos benefícios da Kombuchá no organismo humano.
RASTREABILIDADE DAS CONDIÇÕES HIGIÊNICOS – SANITÁRIAS DE QUEIJO DE COALHO TIPO ARTESANAL: UM ESTUDO DE REVISÃO
Authors: Farias J. Q. , Mendes B. S. , Silva H. S. , Oliveira E. A. , Gouveia D. S.
Published: April 2022

O queijo de coalho artesanal é um produto derivado do leite, tradicional da região Nordeste do Brasil, elaborado, geralmente, com o leite cru. Os processos de fabricação são bastante criteriosos, visto que, em todas as etapas da produção têm grande possibilidade de apresentarem microrganismos contaminantes que podem ser patogênicos, ou indicadores das más condições higiênico sanitárias do local de processamento. Tendo em vista, que o consumo de leite e derivados cresceu ao longo da pandemia do COVID-19 no Brasil e que muitos pesquisadores associam o fato com a saudabilidade, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os principais pontos críticos de contaminação do queijo de coalho em toda sua cadeia produtiva. Foi utilizado como dados de base para revisão de literatura as seguintes bases de dados eletrônicos: Google Acadêmico, Scielo, livros, periódicos da CAPES e biblioteca virtual – UFCG, no período dos últimos cinco anos que ajudassem a responder o objetivo dessa pesquisa. A partir das informações extraídas nos artigos, verifica-se que devem-se adotar as boas práticas de fabricação, que são requisitos básicos para obtenção de produtos que não tragam riscos à saúde do consumidor, controlando as possíveis fontes de contaminação cruzada, a fim de garantir que o produto atenda às especificações de identidade e qualidade.
REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA ACERCA DOS ASPECTOS SOBRE A CONTAMINAÇÃO EM OVOS COMERCIALIZADOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva E. P. , Brito I. F. , Souza M. M. , Gouveia D. S.
Published: April 2022

O ovo é tido como um alimento de alta qualidade nutricional propiciando inúmeros benefícios para a saúde, além de sua praticidade e versatilidade, sendo um produto acessível e de fácil preparo. Portanto, a preocupação com a qualidade de ovos para consumo tem sido uma questão bastante discutida, visto que se trata de um alimento frágil, altamente perecível e suscetível a contaminação bacteriana. Diante desse cenário, faz-se necessário que os ovos sejam submetidos à uma série de critérios e normas, a fim de garantir a segurança do alimento, desde os cuidados com a criação das poedeiras até a chegada do produto ao consumidor. Tendo em vista essa realidade, objetivou-se neste trabalho reunir e analisar pesquisas na área da qualidade microbiológica de ovos in natura buscando determinar, por meio de levantamento de dados, as condições potencialmente favoráveis à presença de microrganismo como a Salmonella spp. em ovos comercializados no Brasil, evidenciando a necessidade da adoção das Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) em todas as etapas do processo industrial. A análise dos estudos publicados possibilitou traçar um paralelo entre o maior conhecimento e a menor exposição sobre os riscos, evidenciando a necessidade e importância de programas que visem informar sobre as Boas Práticas relacionadas ao manuseio dos ovos, além de evidenciar a produção segura no setor avícola com o intuito de fornecer ovos e seus derivados com excelente qualidade para o consumidor.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE BRIGADEIRO COM ADIÇÃO DA BIOMASSA DA BANANA VERDE
Authors: Bordulis C. B. T. , Conter L. F. , Andersson G. B.
Published: April 2022

Os alimentos com características funcionais apresentam diversas propriedades benéficas a saúde. A banana verde é considerada um desses alimentos, pois possui o amido resistente, que é fermentado no intestino grosso pela microbiota bacteriana, contribuindo para aumentar o volume fecal e reduzir o risco de câncer de cólon. O objetivo do estudo foi desenvolver um brigadeiro com biomassa da banana verde, testar aceitabilidade e avaliar sua composição centesimal. Foram elaboradas duas formulações de brigadeiros: uma tradicional e outra com adição de biomassa e avaliada a composição centesimal dos mesmos. Realizou-se análise sensorial do brigadeiro com biomassa, avaliando os atributos cor, aparência, odor, sabor e textura. Para a avaliação foi utilizado o teste de aceitação com escala hedônica de cinco pontos, sendo que 1 significava desgostei muito e 5 significava gostei muito. Na análise sensorial, os atributos cor e aparência apresentaram índice de aceitabilidade (IA) de respectivamente 88% e 83%, enquanto que odor, sabor e textura, apresentaram IA de 78%, 77% e 81%, respectivamente. O brigadeiro com adição da biomassa de banana verde apresentou maiores teores de carboidratos, proteína e menor teor de gordura em relação ao brigadeiro tradicional. O brigadeiro com biomassa da banana verde apresentou índice de aceitabilidade de no mínimo 70% em todos os atributos avaliados, sendo aceito pelos julgadores em termos de suas características sensoriais. Portanto, a biomassa da banana verde pode ser aproveitada como ingrediente na elaboração de brigadeiro, enriquecendo a qualidade nutricional do produto.
ELABORAÇÃO DE SORVETE VEGANO COM ADIÇÃO DE PROBIÓTICO Lactobacillus acidophilus: AVALIAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA, MICROBIOLÓGICA E SENSORIAL
Authors: Menezes S. D. P. , Leoncio M. G. F. , Policarpo W. A. , Aragão M. F.
Published: April 2022

O sorvete é um tipo de gelado comestível obtido a partir da emulsão de gordura e proteína, com adição de outros ingredientes e armazenado a temperatura abaixo de zero grau. Este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar sorvete isento de leite bovino com adição de adição de probiótico Lactobacillus acidophilus. Com a finalidade de atestar a inocuidade foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros microbiológicos: contagem de estafilococos coagulase positiva e coliformes totais e termotolerantes, além da pesquisa de Salmonella spp., foi determinado também o teor de umidade, de acidez total titulável, de lipídeos, minerais, açúcares redutores em glicose e não redutores em sacarose. Foram avaliados também os seguintes atributos sensoriais: sabor, odor, textura. impressão e a intenção de compra. Os atributos sensoriais foram avaliados por uma equipe sensorial não treinada formada por 101 indivíduos consumidores de sorvete selecionados aleatoriamente. Todos os padrões microbiológicos estudados atenderam o estipulado na legislação vigente, este resultado comprova que o sorvete elaborado seguiu as Boas Práticas de Fabricação. Com relação os parâmetros físico-químicos o sorvete desenvolvido apresentou 35,752%, 0,118%, 2,797%, 7,243% e 18, 916% de umidade, minerais, acidez, gordura e carboidratos totais, respectivamente. Com relação a avaliação sensorial, os atributos sabor, odor, textura e impressão global obtiveram escores hedônicos superior a 6, e a intenção de compra obteve escore 3,95, a qual foi avaliada por uma escala estruturada de 5 pontos. Esses resultados demonstram que o sorvete desenvolvido foi sensorialmente bem aceito e com grande potencial de comercialização.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE NOVOS PRODUTOS POR MEIO DO EMPREGO DE CARNE MECANICAMENTE SEPARADA DE TILÁPIA DO NILO (Oreochromis niloticus): UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Wansovski M. , Siqueira L. J. , Raghiante F. , Santos E. A.
Published: April 2022

O pescado é considerado um alimento fonte de proteínas, além de oferecer outros nutrientes fundamentais para a saúde humana. Além disso, a indústria do pescado tem aumentado sua produção gradativamente todos os anos, consequentemente, contribuindo para o aumento de geração de resíduos a partir do processamento dos peixes. Dessa forma, estudos apresentam formas de aproveitamento a partir da CMS de tilápia, diminuindo a geração de resíduos e enriquecendo subprodutos nutricionalmente. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo de revisão teve como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento de novos produtos por meio de CMS de tilápia, abordando estudos que comprovam a importância do aproveitamento na cadeia alimentar e de forma a proporcionar alimentos de qualidade, de maneira mais acessível e reduzindo os impactos ambientais. Diante disso, há ações que podem atenuar essa problemática, pois a utilização dos resíduos na tecnologia de alimentos pode diminuir as perdas econômicas das indústrias, diminuir a contaminação do meio ambiente pelo descarte inadequado do lixo orgânico industrial e atender a demanda do consumidor, que está cada vez mais exigente.
BIOPOLÍMEROS DE ALGINATO ADITIVADO COM RESÍDUO DE CENOURA: CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMCA E ANTIOXIDANTE
Authors: Gonçalves N. F. , Santos T. T. S. , Paixão L. C. , Sant’Anna M. C. S. , Luz D. A. , Silva J. G. M. , Santana A. A.
Published: April 2022

Atualmente, um dos grandes problemas enfrentados pela sociedade mundial é o descarte indevido de embalagens não biodegradáveis no meio ambiente. Para minimizar esse grave problema, novas tecnologias e produtos vêm sendo desenvolvidos, isto é, a elaboração de materiais biodegradáveis quando descartados no meio ambiente. A utilização de biopolímeros formados por polímeros incorporados de compostos naturais, que conservam o alimento, mantendo a qualidade, aumentando a vida útil do produto, a proteção e inibição de compostos indesejáveis, vêm ganhando destaque como materiais de grande potencial para aplicação como revestimentos protetores comestíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar físicoquimicamente biopolímeros de alginato aditivados com extrato de cenoura (Daucus carota, L.), conferindo-lhes atividade antioxidante. Estes foram obtidos pelo método casting utilizando a proporção de 1:1 (água:cenoura). Na obtenção dos filmes utilizou-se Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional, com 11 ensaios, variando a concentração de alginato e extrato de cenoura, tendo como respostas, umidade, espessura, solubilidade, permeabilidade ao vapor de água e carotenoides totais. A incorporação do extrato de cenoura aos filmes de alginato proporcionou um aumento na capacidade antioxidante destes, sem significantes alterações das características físico-químicas, tendo assim, potencial para utilização como filme com característica antioxidante.
POTENCIAL DE APROVEITAMENTO TECNOLÓGICO DOS RESÍDUOS DA FILETAGEM DA TILÁPIA DO NILO (Oreochromis niloticus L.): UM ESTUDO DE REVISÃO
Authors: Nunes B. H. L. , Andrade J. V. , Lima T. L. S. , Sousa E. P. , Oliveira E. N. A. , Feitoza J. V. F. , Alves R. N.
Published: April 2022

O pescado é considerado um alimento fonte de proteínas, além de oferecer outros nutrientes fundamentais para saúde humana, tais como vitaminas, minerais e ácidos graxos essenciais. Dentre os peixes mais produzidos e consumidos no Brasil, têm-se a tilápia do Nilo, que se caracteriza por sua carne branca, com sabor delicado e textura firme. Neste sentido, um dos principais produtos oriundos da tilápia é o filé, uma vez que é muito procurado pelos consumidores. Porém, para a obtenção do filé, ocorre a geração de inúmeros resíduos provenientes do processo de filetagem, que são descartados causando assim vários danos ao meio ambiente. Nesta perspectiva, objetivou-se com esta pesquisa, verificar o potencial de aproveitamento tecnológico dos resíduos da filetagem da tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus L.) através de um estudo de revisão. Os dados coletados, revelaram que o rendimento do filé na produção de tilápia corresponde de 35 a 40% do peso total, resultando em valores de 60 a 70% de resíduos e que estes podem ser aproveitados na forma de farinha de pescado, óleo de peixe, nuggets, fishburgers, snacks, embutidos, patês, concentrados proteicos e farinhas, agregando assim valor a matéria-prima que antes seria descartada. Ademais, o aproveitamento tecnológico dos resíduos provenientes da filetagem da tilápia do Nilo, apresenta-se como uma importante estratégia para diminuição do desperdício, agregação de valor aos resíduos, geração de renda para os pequenos produtores e ainda se configura como uma nova opção para a indústria de produtos cárneos e para os consumidores de forma geral.
APLICAÇÃO DE CRISTALIZAÇÃO EM FRUTAS EM DIFERENTES ESTAGIOS DE MATURAÇÃO E SUA QUALIDADE
Authors: Medeiros A. R. S. , Couto M. V. S. , Rodrigues T. Z. , Santos J. G. , Garcia E. F. , Vieira P. P. F.
Published: April 2022

O processamento de frutas e hortaliças resultam em uma quantidade substancial de resíduos na forma de cascas, sementes e bagaço, Este trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver e analisar as características microbiológicas e físico-químicas de frutas desidratadas osmoticamente (cristalizadas) em diferentes estágios de maturação. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas de atividade de água, acidez titulável, pH, umidade, sólidos solúveis e análises microbiológicas de bolores e leveduras, Escherichia coli e Salmonella spp. Os resultados das análises físico-químicas para as frutas elaboradas indicaram que o aumento do pH e a diminuição da acidez estão diretamente interligados, isto ocorre devido ao estágio de maturação e é durante o amadurecimento que os sólidos solúveis obtiveram maiores valores. Quanto às análises microbiológicas os resultados estavam dentro dos padrões exigidos pela legislação vigente: ausência de Salmonella spp. em 100% das amostras analisadas, quanto às contagens de E. coli e bolores e leveduras as amostras não apresentaram crescimento superiores a < 2 UFC/g e < 4 UFC/g, respectivamente. Com base nos resultados obtidos podemos concluir que a desidratação osmótica seguida de secagem, no protocolo proposto foi eficaz para a conservação das frutas testadas e para a manutenção de sua estabilidade microbiológica.
Complications of olecranon osteotomy in the treatment of distal humerus fracture
Authors: Spierings Kimberley E , Schoolmeesters Bram J , Doornberg Job N , Eygendaal Denise , van den Bekerom Michel PJ
Published: April 2022

anaDistalhumerus fractures (DHFs) are challenging to treat due to the locally complex osseous and soft tissue anatomy. Adequate exposure of the articular surface of the distal humerus is crucial when performing an anatomical reconstruction of the elbow. Even though “triceps-on” approaches are gaining popularity, one of the most commonly used surgical treatments for DHF is olecranon osteotomy. The incidence of complications related to this approach is unclear. This review was performed to assess the type and frequency of complications that occur with the olecranon osteotomy approach in the treatment of DHF. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library digital databases up to February 2020. Only English articles describing complications of olecranon osteotomy in the treatment of DHF were included. Data on patient and surgical characteristics and complications were extracted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. A total of 41 articles describing 1,700 osteotomies were included, and a total of 447 complications were reported. Of these 447 complications, wound infections occurred in 4.2% of osteotomies, of which 1.4% were deep infections and 2.8% were superficial. Problems related with union occurred in 3.7% of osteotomies, 2% of which represented non-union and 1.7% delayed union. The high risk of complications in olecranon osteotomy must be considered in the decision to perform this procedure in the treatment of DHF.
On Scaling Academia
Authors:   Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Kirchner Jan Hendrik
Published: April 2022

Overcoming humanity's challenges will require a deep understanding of both the problem and the possible solutions. There are early indications that the scientific apparatus, which has traditionally been the primary tool for gaining deep understanding, might not be able to keep pace. In this essay, I outline a set of interventions that might help the scientific apparatus overcome existing bottlenecks, and I discuss limitations and possible implications. Centrally, I argue for systematization and automation of the research process to allow researchers to benefit from emerging technology like artificial intelligence.
The investigation of the efficacy of the prodrug DDI-10 against Newcastle disease virus infection in young chicken
Authors: Karam Anandan Suresh , Rayapu Lavanya , Darasi Subramanyam , Devalam Rani Prameela , Chamarti Naga Raju , Chinnasamy Thirunavukkarasu , Valluru Lokanatha
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is the deadliest virus in the poultry industry. Many RNA viruses induce oxidative stress on the host during its pathogenesis, NDV being one among them. The present study aims to evaluate the protective property of novel phosphorylated DDI-10 in vivo in experimentally infected chicken. Material and methods. NDV induced oxidative damage in the liver and lung were measured by determining antioxidant enzyme levels, protein oxidation and nitration using ELISA, Western blot and immuno co-localization assay. Results. Glutathione dependent enzymes GPx, GST, and GR were significantly decreased in the NDV infected group due to pathogenesis; DDI-10 treatment was shown to significantly increase this reduced enzyme activity. In comparison to the healthy control group, protein oxidation and nitration levels were significantly increased in the NDV infected group. In the DDI-10 treated group, the oxidation and nitration levels were decreased compared to the NDV infected group. Further estimation of protein nitration and oxidation in western blot and immune co-localization assays correlated with the ELISA results; an intensified band was demonstrated in the NDV infected tissue group, in addition to a high number of co-localized cells being present in immunofluorescence-stained sections compared to control chicken tissues. These alterations were noticeably reduced in novel phosphorylated DDI-10 treatment group. Conclusions. These results suggest that DDI-10 mitigates NDV induced oxidative stress, subsequently exerting an ameliorative effect against NDV pathogenesis.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Blended Learning Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam Dan Budi Pekerti
Authors: Nikmah Khoirul Nikmah , Mubarok Ramdanil
Published: April 2022

Distance learning carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic left many problems in its implementation. Along with the increasingly controlled spread of Covid-19, it is possible to carry out face-to-face learning even though it is still limited to face-to-face learning. Limited face-to-face learning allows educational institutions to use blended learning methods. This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of Islamic religious education subjects and manners in reading the Qur'an. This research was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Sangatta Utara in class XII IPA 6 in the odd semester in 2021/2022 with a total of 34 students. The method implemented in this research is Kurt Lewis' CAR model where the model is based on the components of planning, taking action, observing, and reflecting. The result is that the improvement of student learning outcomes can be done by applying blended learning model learning. This is done in Basic Competency 4.1.1, namely reading with correct makhorijul letters and tajwid in the Qur'an Surah Luqman (31); 13-14, and the Qur'an Surah Al-Baqarah (2): 83. The achievement of Cycle 1 was 32.3% then increased in cycle 2 to 91%.
Libyan Vehicle License Plate Recognition with Support Vector Machine
Authors: Hassan Aeyman M. , Ghoul Sami A. , Alkabir Aya A.
Published: April 2022

Computer vision has become widely used in many aspects of our daily lives. There are a great number of applications that consider computer vision as a core part of them, such as those associated with law enforcement. This paper presents the design and implementation of a model for a vehicle building entrance, using a license plate recognition algorithm for Libyan vehicles. In addition, a small dataset of Libyan vehicles was created for research purposes. As with most recognition systems, there are mainly three stages to be distinguished: plate detection using vertical and horizontal histograms, character segmentation is performed through a connected-component labeling algorithm, and finally, optical character recognition (OCR) by using support vector machines (SVMs). An Arduino board was used to control the gate opening and closing processes according to the authorized vehicles stored in the database. Ultrasonic sensors were used to detect a vehicle stop at the gate. The system was programmed with MATLAB executed on a 2.20GHz Core i7 CPU, 8 GB RAM, Windows 10. Despite the limited size of the vehicle images dataset, the experiments showed promising performance in terms of average accuracy estimated at 83.3%, and the computation time was 5 seconds.
Scrapie in Eastern Libya: Case Report in Sheep
Authors: Abdalla Fawzia F. , Sharif Monier A.
Published: April 2022

Here we report neuropathological features of scrapie cases detected between 2018 and 2022.

Fourteen cases of sheep older than 2 years from several areas in Libya with neurological clinical signs resembling those with Scrapie were submitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Omar Al-Mukhtar University / Al-Beida. Postmortem examinations were performed on all animals after euthanasia. Samples from different organs were submitted for histopathological examination. Routine Hematoxylin and Eosin stain (HE) was used.

Nine cases showed neuronal vacuolation that is characteristic of Scrapie in sheep. Two cases were suspected for Scrapie and need more advanced methods such as Immunohistochemistry (IHC) to confirm the diagnosis. The other three cases were diagnosed with Rabies, Listeria, and Echinococcus granulosus.
Evaluation of Hepatotoxicity Effect of Sodium Stibogluconate (Pentostam) in Mice Model
Authors: Saad Kaula. A. , Abdalla Intisar. O. , Alkailani Hanan. A. , Elbakush Ahmed. M. , Zreiba Zena. A.
Published: April 2022

The recommended treatment for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis is pentavalent antimony at a dosage of 20 mic/kg/day for 28 days. Some studies suggested that antimonial pentostam has multiple acute and chronic adverse effects, which can be minimized by using the lowest effective dose. The present study is aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxicity effect of sodium stibogluconate (pentostam) in mice as a model. Adult male albino mice were divided into three groups, seven mice each, injected with 20 mic/kg pentostam in addition to a control group. Later 14 days, groups II, III, and IV were tested after one, three, and six weeks respecttively. The mice’s serum and liver tissues were collected, and biochemical and histopathological measurement were carried out. Biochemical analysis of the serum obtained showed a significant increase in the levels of AST, ALT, and ALP in groups II and III when compared with the control group. In parallel, the histopathological assessments of the liver tissue proved hepatocytic necrosis. From this study, it can be concluded that the antimonial pentostam has a hepatotoxicity effect on treated mice.
Sunshine, Rainfall and Cloudiness over Bombay
Authors: RAO K. N. , RAO D. R. K.
Published: April 2022

The relationship between sunshine over Bombay and the factors (i) cloudiness, (ii) rainfall and (iii) rainy days has been examined for the rainy months, May to November. All the C.Cs. are negative. For cloud the magnitude is 0. 8 to0. 9. The C. Cs. are rather low for rainfall in the most intense monsoon months of Chicago July and August and statistically insignificant. With rainy days the C.C. is generally improved but July continues to be low. Sunshine in any month is not significantly correlated with the other months.
Meteorological support for two-stage rockets at Thumba
Authors: RAO M. S. V. , SIKDAR D. N.
Published: April 2022

The Equatorial Rocket Launching Station at Thumba became operational on 21 November 1963. Six large meteorological rockets-Nike Apache with sodium vapour payloads and four Nike, Apache rockets with magnetometer-payloads were fired up to the end of 1964.

            The meteorological support given to the Nike Apache firings is described. For all these firings complete wind weighting procedure was carried out. The method followed is explained with an actual example.

            A brief description giving an idea of the rockets and the scientific information collected from them is also included.
A study on Human Comfort of some places in India
Authors: SIVARAMAKRISHNAIAH K.
Published: April 2022

An attempt has been made for making a study of human comfort of 27 stations in India using the strain chart of Lee. Using the mean monthly temperature and vapour pressure data of these stations, climograms were drawn on the strain chart and comfort for each individual month of the year, of the stations is determined.
An estimate of Solar Radiation over India in the pre-monsoon season
Authors: GUPTA M. G.
Published: April 2022

The computations of diabatic heating over India in the pre-monsoon season, with the help of a simple formula due to Mintz (1958), indicate the gradual build up of a zone of diabatic heating over central India from March to May. These results have been checked against estimates of net radiation over India during March, April and May. For this purpose the outgoing long wave radiation was computed with the help of Elsasser's radiation diagram, the results of which agree fairly well with the measurements of long wave radiation by Tiros IV. For incoming solar radiation, mean values based on 2-6 years' data of pyrheliometer observations  have been utilised. By subtracting the outgoing radiation from the sum of (a) the radiation observed at the surface of  the earth and (b) the radiation absorbed by the atmosphere, an estimate of the net radiation for diabatic heating has been obtained. The value thus obtained, are generally higher than the value given by Mintz's formula. But there is fairly good agreement on the order of magnitude.
A synoptic study of Rameswaram Cyclone of December 1964 and the storm wave caused by it
Authors: RAO N. S. BHASKARA , MAZUMDAR S.
Published: April 2022

The Rameswaram Cyclone of December 1964 was one of the severest storms that occurred in the Indian Seas and probably the most severe storm which affected Ceylon and the extreme south of the Indian peninsula. The storm was unique in many respects. The latitudes at which the initial disturbance was formed, at which it concentrated into a cyclonic storm and at which it further intensified into a severe storm -are probably the lowest on record. Winds estimated ill the core of the storm when It was over Ceylon are the highest ever experienced there. It caused unprecedented floods in Ceylon. It caused tidal waves over Mannar and Rameswaram islands which, according to the recorded history of cyclones, are rarely experienced in these areas.

 

The three-dimensional structure of the storm during its different phases and the upper air conditions which seem to have favoured its intensification has been discussed in the paper. The peculiarities of its surface structure, which seemed to have had a direct bearing on the rainfall distribution and the occurrence of storm waves have been also pointed out.
A study of winds upto 32 km over Hyderabad Deccan
Authors: GUPTA R. G.
Published: April 2022

Rawin observations of eleven high altitude ascents at Hyderabad Deccan (India) during the months of February to March 1960 and April to May 1959 have been analysed. An abrupt change in direction of  winds at an altitude of about 19 km during summer months, depth of westerlies and easterlies and the occurrence of two maxima and at least one minima of velocities and the relationship between their altitudes have been described. Also, vector average winds throughout the observed channel of atmosphere (0-32'km) and their relationship with 18 the maxima have been determined and described. It was also found that the upper winds were quite steady. The steadiness factor has been calculated for each altitude for the month of March 1960.
A study of Squalls at Santacruz Observatory, Bombay
Authors: DEKATE M. V. , BAJAJ K. K.
Published: April 2022

This paper contains a study of squalls at Santacruz Observatory, Bombay based on eight years of data, George (1950) has already made a study on the squalliness of monsoon showers at Juhu Observatory, Bombay based on five years' data, It is seen that the frequency of squalls at Juhu is about four and half times that at Santacruz Possible reasons for this have been discussed.

 

In recent years it has been established that the direction of a squall caused by convective cloud are related to the wind direction at some level or to the mean wind in the layer in which the cloud is embedded. Wind directions at different levels and the direction of the vector mean wind between different layers have been compared with the directions of squalls and some useful results from prediction point of view have been obtained.
A study of the relationship between the previous barometric Pressure and relative humidity on the daily rainfall at Coimbatore
Authors: BALASUBRAMANIAN C. , MANICKAM G. , JANAKIRAMAN R.
Published: April 2022

Correlations between rainfall of 10 cents and above and barometric pressure and relative humidity were worked out based on fifteen years data (1949 to 1963). No significant correlations were noticed during the Dry Weather period (January and February) and the Southwest Monsoon period (June to September).

 

During the Hot Weather period (March to May) barometric pressure on two days and three days prior to the day of actual rainfall had a positive influence on rainfall at 5 per cent level. If the rain is of the order of 50 cents, the fall in barometric pressure is appreciable. The same was noticeable in the case of relative humidity three days previous to the rainfall. During the Northeast Monsoon period the significance of relative humidity recorded on three and two days before rainfall is at 5 per cent level, while on the previous day the level of significance is at 1 per cent level.
A preliminary note on the travel times of p and S waves in the Indian subcontinent
Authors: NAG S. K.
Published: April 2022

Recorded times of p and S phases as observed in different observatories in India during the TING period 1955, 1956 and 1957 on account of earthquakes having epicentres in and near the Indian subcontinent were collected from the Seismological Bulletins of the India Meteorological Department. The distances of the epicentres were determined and travel time curves for p and S waves were prepared. The observed velocities are fairly in good agreement with those determined by other workers for this region.
A Technique for Forecasting Storm Waves
Authors: RAO N. S. BHASKARA , MAZUMDAR S.
Published: April 2022

The forecasting of tidal waves associated with cyclonic storms is a matter of great importance as  these waves cause much devastation and loss of life, aggravating the havoc caused by hurricane force winds and heavy rain. The vast coastline of India is exposed to the ravages of cyclones, especially those originating in the Bay of Bengal. As there is no reliable guide for predicting storm waves for the Indian coastline, a forecasting method has been developed, taking into account the three dimensional topography of a vulnerable section of the eastern coastline.

 

The technique is based on the evaluation of the relative values of the different parameters that cause storm waves, viz., (i) the astronomical tide, (ii) the 'inverted barometer effect', (iii) the effect of piling up of sea water against the coast by onshore winds of the cyclonic system, (iv) effect of individual waves, and (v) the swell of the forerunners. The third and the fourth of the parameters mentioned above appear to be decisive in producing the total effect. Of these two, again, the former is the more important and depends upon the permanent features of depth distribution close to coast and the distribution of curvature of the coastline itself. Thus, under identical patterns of the wind, certain parts of the coastline would be far more susceptible to de3tructive storm waves than others. On the basis of the study, therefore, it is possible to demarcate permanently, the areas which should be watched and warned with, special care whenever cyclonic storms threaten the coast. This, It appears, could be ,of district assistance despite the well-known ambiguities and difficultie3 in regard to pradiction, of cyclone track, sufficiently in advance.

 

A few well documented cases of past storm waves have been tested on the basis of the technique proposed. The areas most susceptible to storm-waves have been emphasi8~rl and it is expected that the technique will provide a basis for issuing reliable forecasts of storm surges. Further work is in progress for extending the technique to other belts of the coastline which are occasionally visited by cyclonic storms.
Radio-climatology of India : Radio Refractive Index near the ground surface
Authors: KUILSHRESTHA S. M. , CHATTERJEE K.
Published: April 2022

Based on the 5.year averages of the values of pressure, temperature and relative humidity near the ground surface corresponding values of radio refractive index have been computed for 36 stations in India. These data have then been used to describe and discuss the monthly and seasonal distribution of the radio refractive index near the ground. An exhaustive set of radio climatic charts have been prepared and the prominent fei1tures of the ground radio refractive index climate have been discussed. An attempt has been made to delinci1te homo climes of radio climate m India.
Persistence of the movement of the tropical cyclones depressions In the Bay of Bengal during the premonsoon and post monsoon periods
Authors: JAYARAMAN S. , SRINIVASAN T. R. , SIRCAR N. C. RAI
Published: April 2022

An examination of the tracks of cyclonic storms/depressions in the Bay of Bengal during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods (April-May and October-December respectively) for the years 1891 to 1960 was made with reference to the characteristic of their direction of movements. The sea area was divided into 2 ½ degree squares for this study. The cyclonic disturbances in each of the 2 ½ degree were classified into three categories, viz., (1) clockwise curvature, a. (2) anticlockwise curvature, b and (3) persistent type, c. The relative percentage frequencies of the above types a, b and c in each of the 2 ½ degree squares for the months April-May and October-December were found out and isolines of the percentage frequencies at 20 percent intervals were drawn on the diagrams.
Nomograms for evaluating Richardson Number for forecasting Clear Air Turbulence
Authors: JOSEPH P. V. , SINGH RANJIT
Published: April 2022

Research in the last decade has shown that one of the meteorological parameters which is associated with clear air turbulence (CAT) is Richardson’s Number. To make Richardson number Ri useful for forecasting the location and intensity of CAT, we made a study under Indian conditions of the association between CAT and different ranges in the values of Ri. In this paper a set of nomograms is presented by which Ri may be estimated without elaborate calculations and with a fair degree of accuracy for the layer between 300 and 200 mb. Similar nomograms can be prepared for other isobaric levels for the use of different types of aircraft in operation in India. If a singularity, like a wind maximum, is found between 300 and 200 mb, Ri may be also computed separately for the layer between 300 mb and the level of maximum wind and for the layer between the level of maximum wind and 200 mb.
A Tornado over northwest Assam and adjoining West Bengal on 19 April 1963
Authors: NANDY J. , MUKHERJEE A. K.
Published: April 2022

On the evening of 19 Apri1 1963 a tornado passed over a few places in Cooch Behar district of North Bengal and adjoining Goalpara district of North Assam. Details of the tornado as far as could be gathered from on-the-spot enquiries have been presented in the paper. The area is frequented with severe thunder squalls hailstorms, but this one caused the biggest havoc in living memory. The tornado had a track of 36 km. The diameter of the funnel of the tornado where it touched the ground was l00-130m. The rotation was anticlockwise. At three places, the funnel itself showed spiralling motion. There was practically no rain in and around the area affected by the tornado, Hailstones as large as 14 cm in diameter could be observed. The meteorological conditions showed high probability of occurrence of severe thunderstorm over North Assam with possibilities of large hail.
Distribution of energy in p and S Seismic bodily waves
Authors: SAHA B. P.
Published: April 2022

It is generally assumed that the energy in seismic bodily S waves is double that in the seismic bodily p waves. A theoretical explanation based on Debye's theory of specific heats o solids is suggested. The deduced result could also explain the observed fact that the wave frequency of p-waves is generally higher as compared to the wave frequency of S waves.
On the influence of weather on wheat yield at Dharwar
Authors: RAMAMURTI K. S. , BANERJEE J. R.
Published: April 2022

A curvilinear regression study of weather factors with the wheat yield et Dharwar is made by the successive approximation technique developed by Ezekiel and Fox (1950). Various weather factors are tried and the following tentative conclusions are drawn.

An optimum of about 160C minimum temperature 29.30C maximum temperature and 220 to 230C mean temperature with 60 to 65 hours of bright sunshine per week and 50 to 60 percent humidity appear to be the most favourable condition for wheat in Dharwar. An optimum total water requirement may be assessed as equivalent of 40 to 50 cm of rainfall during the period July to end of the Vegetative phase.