bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
НАРКОТИКИ, АРМІЯ, ВІЙНА: СИНТЕЗ ПАРАДОКСІВ У ПРИЗМІ ІСТОРИЧНОЇ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Гула Руслан Володимирович , Передерій Ірина Григоріївна
Published: December 2024

У статті розкрито основні історичні періоди процесів наркотизації військ під час ведення бойових дій упродовж історії людства – від найдавніших часів до 1989 р. Виявлені тенденції розвитку обігу та трансформації наркотичних речовин і проаналізовано їх вплив на повсякденну діяльність військ, у т.ч. в умовах збройного протистояння. З’ясовано особливості командно-адміністративної діяльності військово-політичного керівництва у процесах штучної інтенсифікації фізичних можливостей, підвищення бойових якостей та активації морально-психологічних якостей військовослужбовців, їх хоробрості та подолання стресу засобами наркотичних речовин у війнах минулого та сучасності. Окреслені попередні результати і проблеми використання наркотичних препаратів, суперечливий характер їх застосування у збройних конфліктах минулого та сучасності.
ОФІЦЕРИ ЛИТОВСЬКОЇ АРМІЇ, НАРОДЖЕНІ В УКРАЇНІ, У БОРОТЬБІ ЗА ВІЛЬНУ ЛИТВУ (1919-1923 рр.)
Authors: Петрик Артем Миколайович
Published: December 2024

Ця публікація присвячена проблемі реституції спільного історичного спадку Литви та України доби відродження незалежності обох народів у першій чверті ХХ ст. До нього, з-поміж іншого, належать персоналії учасників визвольних змагань. У цій статті ми торкаємося поки малодослідженої  і нечасто згадуваної теми – участі у збройній боротьбі за незалежність та соборність Литви (1919–1923 рр.) осіб, народжених на території сучасної України. Цей напрям наразі у стадії становлення як у литовській, так і в українській історичній науці. У нашій роботі виставлено наголос на такому локалізованому сегменті теми, як перебування уродженців України у складі офіцерського корпусу збройних сил Литви в період Війни за незалежність цієї балтійської країни.
ІСТОРИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ КЛЮЧОВИХ ПОНЯТЬ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНОЇ ОБОРОНИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Івахів Олег Степанович , Єфімов Геннадій Васильович , Касаткін Євген Володимирович
Published: December 2024

У статті задля уникнення подвійності тлумачень у подальших дослідженнях і рекомендаціях щодо приведення законодавчої, нормативно-правової та керівної баз документів у сфері оборони України, зокрема щодо організації територіальної оборони, авторами на основі опрацювання значного масиву інформації проведено історичний аналіз сутності визначення категорій «оборона», «територіальна оборона», їх співвідношення між собою, а також із функціями, заходами, завданнями територіальної оборони держави. Встановлено, що історія суперечності цих категорій та понять бере свій початок ще з часів СРСР і впродовж всього періоду незалежності не зазнала впорядкування та стандартизації.
ДИПЛОМАТИЧНА, ВІЙСЬКОВА ТА ПРОПАГАНДИСТСЬКА ПІДГОТОВКА НЕОГОЛОШЕНОЇ РАДЯНСЬКО-ПОЛЬСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ 1939 РОКУ У ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯХ СУЧАСНИХ ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ НАУКОВЦІВ
Authors: Щеглов Андрій Юрійович
Published: December 2024

У статті узагальнено основні дослідницькі підходи вітчизняної соціогуманітаристики до визначення характеру зовнішньої політики сталінського Радянського Союзу у спільній з гітлерівською Німеччиною підготовці агресії проти Польщі 17 вересня 1939 р. Включено в традиційне поле політико-правового дослідження вітчизняною історіографією подій «золотого вересня» 1939 р. – дипломатичного, військового та пропагандистського забезпечення вступу частин Українського фронту Червоної Армії на територію західноукраїнських земель, що входили до складу Польської Республіки. Основну увагу зосереджено на підготовці, змісті та способах поширення радянської пропаганди, маніпуляцій та дезінформації у процесі ідеологічного супроводу підготовки  вступу  радянських військ на територію  Польщі восени 1939 р.
В основу методології дослідження покладено використання загальнофілософських, загальнонаукових та спеціальних методів пізнання, які ґрунтуються на принципах науковості, об’єктивності, системності, комплексного міждисциплінарного аналізу підготовки зайняття Червоною Армією впродовж другої половини вересня 1939 р. південно-східних воєводств Польської держави із домінуючим українським  населенням.
Наукова новизна полягає у комплексному розгляді на основі публікацій вітчизняних істориків першої чверті ХХІ ст. ідеологічно-пропагандистської складової агресивної зовнішньої політики СРСР відносно Польщі загалом та населення  Західної України особливо в процесі розгортання  Українського фронту до «визвольного походу».
Громадянський обов'язок захисту батьківщини – погляди префектів Варшавського герцогства на стан Національної гвардії
Authors: Wlodarkiewicz Wojciech , Melnyk Marcin
Published: December 2024

У статті розглядаються важливі питання громадянського обов'язку у Варшавському герцогстві (1807 – 1814) на прикладі Національної гвардії. Призов до армії завжди означав значну зміну способу життя. Захист батьківщини, охорона її безпеки є одним з основних громадянських обов'язків. Служба в Національній гвардії була прикладом перебування у двох сферах: цивільній та військовій. Поєднання обов'язків військовослужбовця з професійними обов'язками виявилося досить проблематичним. Це було важким фінансовим тягарем і значним втручанням у сферу приватного життя. Світло на цю проблему пролили результати опитувань, проведених серед префектів Варшавського, Познанського, Бидгощського та Ломжинського відділів. Це суттєво доповнило документацію центральних органів влади, яка відображає офіційну точку зору.
АДАПТАЦІЯ ЛЕГКИХ БАГАТОЦІЛЬОВИХ ГЕЛІКОПТЕРІВ ДО ВИКОНАННЯ УДАРНИХ ЗАВДАНЬ: ІСТОРИЧНИЙ ДОСВІД ПОЛЬЩІ
Authors: Каляєв Анатолій Олександрович , Скорич Лілія Василівна
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена аналізові програм переобладнання легких багатоцільових гелікоптерів в ударні, які реалізовувались в Польщі з кінця 1960-х років і до початку ХХІ століття. Завдяки наявності власної виробничої бази і конструкторського бюро вдалось створити низку відповідних варіантів гелікоптерів Мі-2 і W-3. На початку 1970-х років Збройні сили Польщі отримали кілька варіантів Мі-2, здатних використовувати різні системи озброєння (стрілецьке озброєння, некеровані ракети або протитанкові керовані ракети). Аж до початку 2020-х років ці гелікоптери служили в частинах першої лінії, хоч і не зазнали за період служби жодної модернізації.
Мі-2, незважаючи на обмеженість льотних характеристик і слабке озброєння, використовувались як класичні ударні гелікоптери – альтернатива значно дорожчих Мі-24. Озброєні варіанти W-3 призначались для інших завдань – насамперед, забезпечення дій аеромобільних підрозділів. Ударні функції при цьому поставали як другорядні. Особливо слід відзначити озброєний рятувальний гелікоптер W-3PL, який з’явився на початку ХХІ століття і отримав повністю оновлене бортове обладнання, відповідне сучасним стандартам.
ВОЛИНСЬКА ГУБЕРНІЯ У БІЖЕНСЬКИХ ПРОЦЕСАХ ПЕРІОДУ ПЕРШОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Дем’янюк Олександр Йосипович
Published: December 2024

Проаналізовано фактори, які під час Першої світової війни привели до значного переміщення осіб різних національностей (переважно православного та іудейського віросповідань) вглиб російської держави. Адже в 1915­-1916 роках саме Україна як частина Російської та Австро-Угорської імперій пережила масштабний потік біженців із заходу на схід. Військові дії змусили сотні тисяч людей покинути свої домівки та переселитися на територію центральних і східних губерній імперії.
Зокрема, під час наступу російської армії в Галичині у 1915 році багато українців були змушені евакуюватися вглиб імперії. Визначено пріоритетні евакуаційні шляхи через територію Волинської губернії, діяльність російських державних чиновників і представників місцевих органів влади щодо облаштування та опіки біженців, згадано про транспортування, розміщення та облік біженців, діяльність допомогових організацій. 
Біженська криза, пережита не лише утікачами, але й жителями Волинської губернії, через яку пролягали евакуаційні маршрути, стала справжньою гуманітарною катастрофою для біженців і місцевих жителів. Евакуйовані часто втрачали зв'язок із родинами та близькими, що ще більше ускладнювало їхнє становище. Частина біженців з Галичини осідала на теренах Західної Волині, де заселялася в колишні садиби німецьких колоністів. Виселенців з Волинської губернії часто переселяли в межі Саратовської, Воронезької та інших губерній.
Penilaian Kinerja, Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Pengaruhnya pada Kinerja Pegawai Balai Besar Pemali Juana
Authors: Saputri Faririsa Ayuning , Febriana Artha
Published: December 2024

Establishing an organization involves competent human resources handled by the organization. Human resources are an important component for organizations in attaining their goals, vision, and mission. Employees play a significant part in the success of any human resources process. The goal of this study is to see how performance appraisal, work remuneration, and work environment influence employee performance at Balai Besar Pemali Juana. The sample technique used in this study was a census of 166 people. This analytical technique employs Smart PLS 4. According to the findings of this study, performance appraisal and work compensation both have a favorable and significant impact on employee performance. Furthermore, the workplace has a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
Menjalankan suatu organisasi perlu memerlukan sumber daya manusia yang baik yang dikelola oleh organisasi tersebut. Sumber daya manusia menjadi komponen yang berguna untuk organisasi dalam mencapai keinginan, dan visi misi organisasi. Peran dari pegawai memegang kunci penting dalam berjalannya proses sumber daya manusia yang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh penilaian kinerja, kompensasi kerja, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai di Balai Besar Pemali Juana. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yakni sensus dengan populasi sebanyak 166 orang. Teknik analisis ini menggunakan Smart PLS 4. Hasil dari penelitian ini penilaian kinerja berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai, kompensasi kerja berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai, dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Harga, dan Promosi Media Instagram terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Produk Furniture Perusahaan Informa di Kota Semarang
Authors: Gufron Ahmad Syaiful , Safitri Maria
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on evaluating the extent to which product quality, price, and Instagram media promotion affect the purchase decision of furniture products in the company INFORMA Semarang City. This study applied a purposive sampling technique, involving 148 respondents consisting of consumers or visitors to INFORMA in Semarang City. For data analysis, this study applies the PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model) method and the data is processed with Smart-PLS 3.0 software. The results of the study show that product quality has a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions at INFORMA Semarang City, as well as price and Instagram media promotions also have a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions at INFORMA Semarang City.
 
Studi ini berfokus untuk menganalisis sejauh mana kualitas produk, harga, dan promosi media Instagram memengaruhi keputusan pembelian produk furniture di perusahaan INFORMA Kota Semarang. Teknik purposive sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan 148 responden terdiri dari konsumen atau pengunjung INFORMA di Kota Semarang. Untuk analisis data menerapkan metode PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Model) dan data diproses dengan perangkat lunak Smart-PLS 3.0. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwasanya kualitas produk memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian di INFORMA Kota Semarang, demikian juga harga dan promosi media Instagram ikut berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian di perusahaan INFORMA Kota Semarang.
“SHAPING PUBLIC POLICY AND SOCIETY:” THE APPLICATION OF RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY IN INDONESIA AND TURKIYE
Authors: Wibisono Rizky Bangun , Rohman Abd.
Published: December 2024

Abstract
 
This paper examines how rational choice theory influences governmental decision-making and individual political participation in Indonesia compared to Turkiye. It analyzes the government's ban on nickel exports as a case study to illustrate the application of rational choice theory in policy-making. Employing qualitative research methods and a literature review approach, the study draws from a diverse array of scholarly sources, including academic journals, articles, news reports, and more. Additionally, it explores how this theory can explain voter behavior during elections. In summary, rational choice theory offers a valuable framework for understanding both governmental decision-making and individual political behavior in Indonesia. By considering rational calculations, incentives, and constraints, policymakers and scholars can better comprehend the dynamics of governance and democratic participation. This understanding can inform more effective policy-making and strategies to enhance political engagement among citizens.
 Keyword : Rational Choice Theory, Public Policy, Political Participation.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN SISTEM ZONASI PENERIMAAN PESERTA DIDIK BARU (PPDB) JENJANG SMA NEGERI TAHUN AJARAN 2021/2022 DI KABUPATEN BANGKA PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Prihatini Juliati , Bakuda Destya Novinka , Agung Efraim Putra
Published: December 2024

Abstract
New Student Admission (PPDB) with a zoning system is a policy that prioritizes the distance between prospective students' homes and schools, not school exam scores. There are still problems related to this policy, so the authors need to conduct research related to this policy. The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze how the implementation of the PPDB zoning system policy for public high schools in Sungailiat and Pemali Districts, Bangka Regency for the 2021/2022 academic year, the inhibiting and supporting factors, and the efforts made to overcome these obstacles. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. The number of informants in this study were 20 people, using purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the PPDB zoning system policy at the State High School level for the 2021/2022 academic year is good, but not optimal, this can be seen from the existing indicators. have not been achieved. The inhibiting factors for this policy include the delay in ratifying technical guidelines, the accuracy of the application of distance measurements, the existence of wedges in the division of zoning areas, friction of interests, the absence of binding legal rules in the event of deviations. violations in its implementation, the public does not understand the online system used. Factors supporting this policy are available financial support, good coordination between the Education Office and education units, and a good understanding of implementing officials regarding zoning system policies. Efforts made by the local government include conducting technical evaluation and housing for prospective students, outreach to the community about the division of zoning areas, providing additional seats for outstanding students, giving strict sanctions such as for students who violate sanctions, providing continuing education. and socialization. to the local community.
Keywords: new student admission, policy implementation, zoning system
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT POLICY COMPETENCY-BASED AT INSTITUTE OF HOME AFFAIRS GOVERNANCE
Authors: Eskandar Eskandar
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Institute of Home Affairs Governance (IPDN) plays a crucial role in producing competent graduates as Civil Servants (ASN), prepared to enhance public services and governance. However, IPDN’s curriculum is often criticized for being overly generic and insufficiently responsive to the diverse conditions encountered across various regions in Indonesia. As a result, IPDN graduates often struggle to deliver solutions that align with the specific needs of regions, resulting in suboptimal contributions to regional development. This policy paper aims to identify the underlying issues in the formulation of competency-based vocational education curriculum policies at IPDN. The research employed a descriptive, qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, documentation, and literature studies. The findings indicate that the development of a competency-based vocational education curriculum at IPDN incorporates the integration of digital technology and e-government systems. Soft skills, along with problem-based learning and projects, will increasingly align with contemporary needs, resulting in graduates who possess not only technical competence but also digital skills, leadership abilities, and critical and innovative thinking for effective problem-solving. The proposed policy recommendations include the immediate formation of a curriculum design team by IPDN’s Rector to integrate digital technology and e-government into the learning framework; the development of specialized modules aimed at enhancing communication skills, ethics, collaboration, and leadership; and the design of a curriculum that incorporates real-world challenges encountered by central and regional governments as educational materials.
Keywords: Leadership, Learning, Curriculum Development, Vocational Education, Digital Technology
“Green Cities:” A Panel Discussion Activity for Promoting Pre-Service Teachers’ Skills Oriented toward Environmental Education
Authors:   Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa, Faria Cláudia , Valente Bianor ,   Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, Oliveira Hélia ,   Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa, Galvão Cecília ,   Instituto de Educação da Universidade de Lisboa
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the potentialities of a learning module, created within an Erasmus+ project, which involved pre-service elementary teachers in a socio-scientific scenario related to green cities. The participants were involved in a panel discussion activity, with the main objective of discussing and reflecting on how to transform a particular city into a green city, taking into account the perspectives of the different stakeholders. A total of 60 pre-service teachers and one teacher educator were involved. In this case study, data were collected through a pre- and post-questionnaire, on the importance of a set of transversal skills at a professional and personal level, two focus-group interviews, and a panel discussion analysis. The results revealed that this activity has the potential to promote pre-service teachers’ competence to assume a holistic view of an environmental issue, contributing to the development of their capacity to make “justified decision-making.” It also allowed pre-service teachers to experience and reflect on new visions of science education from a learner’s perspective. These outcomings are extremely important for helping pre-service teachers to create innovative learning contexts capable of promoting more critical, responsible, and proenvironmental active citizens.
Implementation of digital citizenship in the Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila
Authors: Oktariani Dini
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of the Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5) at SMP Negeri 6 Pangkalpinang. The research method used is qualitative descriptive by analyzing the planning, organization, implementation, and evaluation of the project conducted by the school. This study began with document analysis, distribution of questionnaires to 31 teachers as respondents, interviews, and field observations. The research findings indicate that project planning includes the formation of a team and the determination of the project theme. Project organization involves forming project group mentoring teams, determining research objects, and structuring student groups. The project implementation is carried out using a block system over 3-4 weeks. The project concludes with a showcase event (panen karya), where students' works are published and attended by students, teachers, and parents in an offline setting. To enhance the implementation of digital citizenship within the Pancasila Student Profile at SMP Negeri 6 Pangkalpinang, the involvement of all stakeholders—including students, teachers, school staff, and parents—is crucial. Through a comprehensive and consistent approach, the school can ensure that students are prepared to become responsible and skilled digital citizens.
Analysis of Business Model In Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Sarah Anistia
Published: December 2024

Increasing public concern about current environmental conditions has led to many social entrepreneurship activities addressing environmental concerns as social goals. Indonesia's population has reached 267 million people, this population density has many problems related to the economy and social that transform many entrepreneurs to consider the concept of entrepreneurship that can contribute to social change. The combination of entrepreneurship with social goals is called social entrepreneurship.
One of the elements that can be highlighted in social enterprise is its business model, enabling the company to create new and impactful value to consumers for achieving intended social mission. This study addresses the business model run by a social enterprise with a social mission for environmental sustainability, namely PT. Cleanomic Jaya Global and uses a qualitative method by describing the business model canvas for social entrepreneurship. The results of the study indicate that the company has implemented a business model canvas social for entrepreneurship.
Keywords: social entrepreneurship, business model, environmental Sustainability, canvas business model
Optimizing Library Services through Mediated Communication Exploring Human-Machine Interaction in the Digital Age
Authors: Sediyaningsih Sri , Irmayati  , Darmawan Rudi , Rahman Cherrie
Published: December 2024

Chatbots have become an integral part of our digital lives, presenting new ways of interacting with machines and information. Communication is mediated through chatbots, where humans and machines exchange information and ideas through chats, opening up new communication opportunities and challenges. The library, as the main unit of a university, has the primary task of providing services for librarians to feel comfortable in finding and obtaining the necessary references. Based on the concepts of mediated communication, digital libraries, and chatbots, we will also use literary analysis, focused group discussions, and narrative analysis. The library must be able to adapt and adapt to technological developments, in providing its services to librarians. This article provides an overview of the form of communication media as a means of facilitating librarians in obtaining information quickly and accurately. A library is a service unit, so the input from a librarian is the ammunition for the existence of a library. Before getting a service, of course, sufficient information is needed, accurate and quick so that librarians can more easily browse the references in the library, especially in today's digital age, where we have to revolutionize ourselves to respond to technological changes. From the discussion and analysis of some literature, this article provides an overview of the need for mediated communication patterns in providing more effective and efficient services, in this case through Chatbot.
Mapping Research Trends on Archives : A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Syarif Viola Dwi Putri , Mariyamah Aam , Hendarwati Wira Puji
Published: December 2024

The development of archival research in Indonesia can be determined by carrying out bibliometric analysis. This research was conducted to provide a reference to researchers in the archival field regarding current trends in archival research. This research aims to explore the development of research in the field of archives from 2019 to 2024. Data obtained and processed from Google Scholar using Harzing's Publish and Perish (PoP) software amounted to 930 articles. Data analysis using VOSviewer visualization. The research results show that the most researched research theme is "archives management information systems". The research location most often used as a place for research is "government institutions/agencies". The most rapidly growing research trends are clusters related to "archival digitization", "website-based archives", and "archival electronic applications". Meanwhile, the themes of "static archives" and "archivists" are research themes that may be approaching saturation.
Reproduction of Tolerance Habitus in High School Students in the VUCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity)
Authors: Okta Hadi Nurcahyono  , Muhammad Ariyan Hidayat  , Ricky Erlangga
Published: December 2024

The progress of Industry 4.0 has had both positive and negative impacts. One of the impacts that can be felt by today's teenagers is a lack of character development. Character cultivation is carried out not only in the family environment, but can also be done in the school environment. School is an arena for cultivating character values ​​for its students. One of the most highlighted character cultivation in the current era is the cultivation of the character of tolerance between religious communities. Departing from these problems, this research aims to discuss the habitus of tolerance in schools in the VUCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity), especially for students who are Generation Z. The method used in this research is qualitative by in-depth interviews with school students and conducting Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with student representatives at the Surakarta Ex-Karisidenan. The results of this research show that the UCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity) has an impact on the process of reproducing the habitus of tolerance in schools. This is because digital processes in the VUCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity) tend to strengthen polarization and increase disagreement between different groups. When information disseminated via social media or other online platforms tends to mislead or oversimplify the complexity of issues, this can result in stigma, stereotypes, and prejudice against certain groups.
Disaster-Resilient Telecommunication with Optical Technologies
Authors: Antipova Tatiana , Riurean Simona
Published: December 2024

Telecommunication services enable transmission of data, voice, video, and other forms of communication over long distances through various technologies such as telephone lines, satellites, fiber optics, and wireless systems. These services are fundamental in enabling communication across different sectors, including healthcare. In disaster scenarios, the rapid and reliable delivery of healthcare services is critical for saving lives and ensuring the well-being of affected populations. Telemedicine, enabled by advanced telecommunication systems, plays a pivotal role in providing remote healthcare services when traditional medical facilities are inaccessible. This paper explores the integration of optical communication technologies, such Free Space Optics (FSO), into telemedicine systems to enhance their effectiveness in disaster response. Optical wireless communication (OWC) technologies offer high-speed, secure, and resilient communication channels, making them ideal for transmitting large volumes of medical data, real-time video consultations, and remote patient monitoring in challenging environments. By leveraging the bandwidth, low latency, and reliability of optical communication, telemedicine can support critical care operations, including remote diagnostics, emergency triage, and real-time collaboration between healthcare providers. This paper examines the potential of optical communication technologies to strengthen telemedicine services in disaster scenarios, ensuring that healthcare remains accessible, efficient, and secure, even under the most adverse conditions
The Rise of Sophisticated Phishing. How AI Fuels Cybercrime
Authors: Riurean Patricia , Bolog George , Riurean Simona
Published: December 2024

The rapid evolution of phishing attacks has been significantly accelerated by advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), transforming these schemes into sophisticated, scalable, and highly targeted cyber threats. This paper examines the historical progression of phishing, from its early days of generic mass emails to the advent of AI-powered attacks that exploit deepfake technology, adaptive strategies, and hyper-personalization. Key areas of focus include the anatomy of AI-driven phishing campaigns, real-world case studies highlighting their impact, and the unique challenges they pose to traditional security measures. The study further explores countermeasures, emphasizing AI driven detection systems, adaptive security protocols, and enhanced training programs to mitigate these threats. By analyzing the integration of generative AI tools in phishing schemes, this paper underscores the urgent need for innovative and collaborative defenses to address the rapidly evolving landscape of AI-fueled cybercrime and the need for proactive and adaptive security measures to mitigate AI-fueled threats, providing a roadmap for future research and practical implementations.
Java coding using artificial intelligence
Authors: Uandykova Mafura , Baitenova Laura , Mukhamejanova Gulnar , Yeleukulova Assel , Mirkassimova Tolkyn
Published: December 2024

This study explores the potential of chatbots, specifically ChatGPT, in Java software development. The aim is to classify tasks for effective use of industrial code and develop recommendations for applying chatbot assistance, identifying boundaries where human intervention remains essential. The methodology included analyzing scientific literature and empirically testing ChatGPT-3.5 on various Java development tasks. The tasks were divided into simple (working with XML, JSON, multithreading, and data input/output) and complex (writing MVC applications, REST services, and GUI). The results showed that ChatGPT successfully handles simple tasks but struggles with complex problems. The study identified scenarios where the chatbot can effectively use existing codebases and design patterns to accelerate development. The conclusions highlight ChatGPT’s potential in improving developer productivity, optimizing certain development tasks, and more efficiently allocating human resources in projects. However, the study also points out the need for human intervention to verify, correct, and improve generated code. The study contributes to understanding the practical usefulness of chatbots in real development scenarios and offers recommendations for integrating AI tools into the software development process.
Comparing the effect of lecture method and cooperative teaching method on the learning, communication skills, and attitudes of students: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Beigzadeh Amin , Bazyar Hadi , Delzendeh Mozhdeh , Razmi Mohammad Hassan , Sharifi Nafiseh
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Students can enhance their understanding of contemporary scientific developments by acquiring proficiency in the English language. Teaching approaches play a crucial role in language acquisition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the lecture method in comparison to the cooperative learning method, specifically focusing on students’ learning outcomes, communication skills, and attitudes.

Methods

This quasi-experimental interventional study was conducted at Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran in 2023 involving a sample of 30 third-semester students. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups, namely the lecture-based teaching group and the cooperative teaching group, with each group consisting of 15 members. Before and after the intervention, questionnaires were completed to assess learning, communication skills, and attitude in both groups. Data were analyzed by independent t-test to compare the two groups. Also, the Levene’s test was used to check the assumption of the equality of variances. Besides, the paired t-test was applied to compare results within each group. The chi-square test was utilized to compare the qualitative variables, while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test with adjusting the base value of dependent variables was used to compare the mean differences between the two groups after the intervention.

Results

Findings showed a statistically significant improvement in the mean learning score of the cooperative group after the intervention, compared to the score prior to the intervention (p = 0.007). Moreover, the communication skills and attitude scores of students in both the cooperative and lecture groups showed a statistically significant increase after the intervention, as compared to their pre-intervention scores (p < 0.05). Additionally, following the intervention, the mean scores for communication skills and attitudes were significantly higher in the cooperative group compared to the lecture group, with statistical significance indicated by p < 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively.

Conclusion

This study highlights the effectiveness of cooperative teaching over traditional lecture methods in enhancing students’ learning outcomes, communication skills, and attitudes. The findings indicate that cooperative learning fosters greater engagement, collaboration, and significant interaction among students, ultimately leading to improved academic performance and student satisfaction within the educational framework examined.
Global burden of stroke attributable to dietary risk factors in the GBD 2021 study
Authors: Xie Wen , Li Aiping , Zhang Yao , Tan Shenglan , Luo Juan
Published: December 2024

Objective

We sought to assess the impact of dietary risk on the worldwide burden of stroke, focusing specifically on ischemic stroke.

Methods

Utilizing information from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD2021), we evaluated the age-standardized death rate (ASDR), the age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate, and the age, sex, and regional distribution of the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of the stroke burden linked to dietary risk from 1990 to 2021.

Results

The global overall ASDR and the age-standardized DALY rate per 100,000 population for stroke linked to dietary risk from 1990 to 2021 exhibited a declining trend [EAPC = −1.95; EAPC = −1.70, respectively]. The reduction in ASDR was statistically more pronounced in female (EAPC = −2.42) compared to males (EAPC = −1.60). The dietary factor exerting the most significant impact on stroke in 2021 was a high sodium diet, succeeded by a diet deficient in fruit. The regions and countries most affected by a high-sodium diet on the ASDR for ischemic stroke are Central Europe (9.86 per 100,000 population) and North Macedonia (33.13 per 100,000 population), respectively; the regions and countries with the most substantial influence on the age-standardized DALY rate are East Asia (187.15 per 100,000 population) and North Macedonia (477.26 per 100,000 population). The ASDR and age-standardized DALY rates across 5 Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) regions, 20 regions, and over 170 countries worldwide demonstrated a notable downward trend, with the regions experiencing the most significant decline being High SDI (EAPC: −3.64; EAPC: −2.74, respectively). The sole increase in ASDR was recorded in southern sub-Saharan Africa.

Conclusion

The worldwide toll of stroke linked to dietary risks may have diminished from 1990 to 2021. Nevertheless, the most significant dietary contributors are diets rich in sodium and deficient in fruit, with the stroke burden associated with dietary risks remaining especially elevated in Central Europe, East Asia, and Eastern Europe. Lowering sodium consumption and enhancing fruit intake can aid in alleviating the global disease burden.
The healthy eating index may not be an appropriate indicator for assessing dietary quality in breast cancer survivors: results from NHANES 2005–2018
Authors: Zheng Hao , Chen Siyang , Huang Lihua , Zhou Xiao , Huang Qingxi , Li Xuemei , Zhao Yanli
Published: December 2024

Background

Evidence on the relationship between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and mortality in breast cancer (BC) survivors remains inconclusive. Moreover, rare studies have explored the effect of individual HEI components on survival in this population. This study explored the association between the HEI-2020, including total and 13 component scores, and mortality in BC survivors.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included data of 481 female BC survivors (representing a 3.3 million population) obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2018. The HEI-2020 total and component scores (higher scores indicating superior dietary quality) were calculated based on the 24 h dietary recall interview. Data on mortality until December 31, 2019, were obtained from the NHANES Public-Use Linked Mortality File. The weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between HEI-2020 and mortality outcomes.

Results

After fully adjusting for confounders, a qualified total HEI-2020 score (≥60) was significantly associated with reduced non-cancer mortality (HR 0.59, 95%CI: 0.35–0.99), but not with all-cause or cancer-specific mortality. Among the 13 HEI components, a lower intake of added sugars (with a qualified component score) was linked to a decreased risk of both all-cause and non-cancer mortality (HR 0.44 and 0.25, 95%CI: 0.25–0.77 and 0.13–0.48, respectively, all p < 0.05). Conversely, higher consumption of seafood and plant proteins (with a qualified component score) correlated with an increased risk of cancer-specific mortality (HR 3.64, 95%CI: 1.57–8.45), and a higher intake of dairy was associated with an elevated risk of both all-cause and non-cancer mortality (HR 2.12 and 2.81, 95%CI: 1.36–3.29 and 1.56–5.07, respectively).

Conclusion

Higher total and component scores of the HEI-2020 do not uniformly confer a lower mortality risk for BC survivors. The HEI-2020 may not be an appropriate indicator for post-diagnosis dietary assessment or recommendations for BC survivors.
Clinicopathological characteristics of invasive stratified mucinous carcinoma of the cervix and the expression and clinical significance of SLC7A11, SLC3A2 and PD-L1
Authors: Lu Changyu , Zhu Wei , Han Xiahui , Du Xiuzhen , Zhang Hui , Yao Qin , Liu Ting , Zhang Ce
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Invasive Stratified Mucin-producing Carcinoma (ISMC) of the cervix is a newly named cervical adenocarcinoma associated with Human Papilloma virus (HPV). Due to its relative rarity, clinical data, pathological features, and molecular characteristics of ISMC are still under exploration. This study aims to retrospectively analyze the clinical data and pathological features of ISMC patients, summarizing the clinical and pathological morphological characteristics of ISMC. Immunohistochemistry for SLC7A11, SLC3A2, and PD-L1 will be performed on tumor tissues from ISMC patients to preliminarily explore potential therapeutic targets for ISMC.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records and pathological slides of 22 ISMC patients, and performed immunohistochemical staining for solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Results

The patients were aged between 31 and 70 years old. The most common symptoms were abnormal vaginal bleeding and unusual vaginal discharge. HPV testing indicated that the infection rate of HPV type 18 was the highest. All patients underwent extensive hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. The progression-free survival (PFS) ranged from 3 to 112 months, with a postoperative recurrence rate of 22.7% (5/22). ISMC exhibited diverse characteristic microstructures. Immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive rates of SLC7A11 and SLC3A2 were both 91.0% (20/22). The staining intensity of SLC7A11 in frequent ISMC recurrence cases was significantly stronger than in non-recurrent ISMC cases. PD-L1 positivity was observed in 86.4% (19/22) of cases, defined as having a Combined Positive Score(CPS)≥1.

Discussion

ISMC demonstrates a high rate of lymph node metastasis and a high recurrence rate, indicating strong invasiveness. Additionally, ISMC exhibits a wide morphological spectrum. SLC7A11, SLC3A2, and PD-L1 are all highly expressed in ISMC tissues. The high expression of SLC7A11 may indicate a high recurrence rate for ISMC. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors and iron death-related treatments show potential in the treatment of ISMC, with SLC7A11, SLC3A2, and PD-L1 serving as potential therapeutic targets for ISMC.
Clinical validity of IntelliSpace Cognition digital assessment platform in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Huijbers Willem , Pinter Nandor K. , Spaltman Mandy , Cornelis Mike , Schmand Ben , Alnaji Baraa , Yargeau Maxwell , Harlock Sarah , Dorn Ryu Platinum , Ajtai Bela , Westphal Erica S. , van Elswijk Gijs
Published: December 2024

We evaluated a digital cognitive assessment platform, Philips IntelliSpace Cognition, in a case-control study of patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitively normal (CN) older adults. Performance on individual neuropsychological tests, cognitive z-scores, and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-specific composite scores was compared between the CN and MCI groups. These groups were matched for age, sex, and education. Performance on all but two neuropsychological tests was worse in the MCI group. After ranking the cognitive scores by effect size, we found that the memory score was the most impaired, followed by executive functioning. The Early AD/MCI Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (EMACC) and Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC) scores were constructed from the digital tests on Philips IntelliSpace Cognition. Both AD-specific composite scores showed greater sensitivity and specificity than the Mini-Mental State Examination or individual cognitive z-scores. Together, these results demonstrate the diagnostic value of Philips IntelliSpace Cognition in patients with MCI.
The elderly and the right to an active aging: the strategy of social cohousing to counteract relational poverty
Authors: Carrera Letizia
Published: December 2024

The older citizens represent a portion of the population that is not only already high but is also expected to increase according to trend analyses from major national and international research reports. The pandemic experience has shown how they feel the scarcity of relationships and the loneliness of their homes as factors that significantly impact the quality of their daily lives. This challenging historical moment has provided an opportunity to implement a series of projects specifically dedicated to those over 65, aiming to ensure a full range of possibilities for them, starting from highly “enabling” processes. In this perspective, the theme of social senior housing and its various manifestations represents a key strategy to counteract relational poverty, toward intervening in the level of social sustainability through multi-actor network pathways that bring together institutions, private entities, third sector, and research centers. The article aims to analyze the potential that the senior cohousing model can offer, as well as the difficulties this type of shared living arrangement faces—moreover when designed specifically for older individuals and supported by public administrations—, and which still makes it an almost experimental experience in Italy.
The Cambodian Genocide: Historical Knowledge and Development among Second and Third-Generation Democratic Kampuchean Regime Survivors
Authors: Grickevičiūtė Dovilė
Published: December 2024

International ideas about education and development, promoted in Cambodia by financial donors such as the World Bank, influence how the second and third generations of Cambodian genocide survivors interpret their reality and history. They believe that the destruction of the education system and the almost total massacre of educated people during the genocide (1975 to 1979) slowed down the country’s development. Young people often perceive the loss of human life as a loss of resources. In this article, I argue that this perception of people as resources is what bridges development, education and the history of Democratic Kampuchea. The historical interpretations among young people are similar to the interpretations advocated by Cambodian politicians, and resonate with the World Bank’s ideas on development.
Using Illustrated Envelopes as a Medium to Enhance Students' Poetry Writing Skills
Authors: Khadijah Khadijah
Published: December 2024

Bersumber pada hasil observasi di SD Negeri 4 Banda Aceh kelas V, maka didapatkan hambatannya ialah siswa menghadapi kesusahan untuk menulis. Maka dari itu permasalahan siswa minim terampil dalam bakap untuk menulis puisi ialah disebabkan siswa itu kurang atau kesusahan dalam memberikan pendapat atau pernyataan dalam menulis puisi. Evaluasi penelitian untuk penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana implementasi media amplop bergambar untuk membangkitkan kemampuan menulis puisi siswa kelas V SD Negeri 4 Banda Aceh? Sedangkan tujuan penelitian ialah mengimplementasikan media amplop bergambar untuk membangkitkan Kemahiran menulis puisi siswa kelas V SD Negeri 4 Banda Aceh. Maka pada metode penelitian yang dipakai yaitu metode eksperiman yang mana memakai media yang dilaksanakan soal pre-test serta post-test kelompok pertama. Tekhnik pengumpuln data yaitu dengan pre-test serta post-test. Dalam memulai melaksanakan pembelajaran memakai media dengan pre-test setelah itu baru akan dilaksanakan implementasi media sebelum itu dilaksanakan post-test. Dihasil penelitian dapat kita peroleh dengan media amplop bergambar untuk membangkitkan kemahiran menulis puisi siswa kelas V SD Negeri 4 Banda Aceh. Perincian uji t signifikan (sig.4 tailed) ialah memamakai rumus uji paired sample 0.08 atau 8. Sebab itu 0,00 <0,008 oleh sebab itu perolegan Ha berhasil dan Ho gagal. Maka perolehan nilai t tes dalam implementasi media amplop bergambar yaitu untuk membangkitkan Kemahiran menulis puisi siswa kelas V SD Negeri 4 Banda Aceh.
Application of Sustainable Tourism
Authors: Kusherdyana R , Muslim Syaeful
Published: December 2024

The phenomenon of sustainable tourism has become a critical global issue. This research aims to explore the community's level of understanding and implementation of sustainable tourism in Widosari Tourism Village, Yogyakarta. This research uses a qualitative approach. The research subjects in this study were five young people who were actively developing the Widosari Tourism Village in Yogyakarta. The research results show that the Widosari Village community's understanding of the concept of sustainable tourism is quite good. In connection with the implementation of sustainable tourism, the people of Widosari Village have taken several positive actions in managing natural resources, preserving culture, and involving the community in the tourism business. However, challenges remain, especially related to water management, holistic cultural preservation, souvenir sales, and the lack of tourism impact monitoring programs. Joint efforts between stakeholders and village government support are needed to overcome this challenge and ensure sustainable tourism that provides long-term benefits for the people of Widosari Village.