bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de un nematicida biológico y un bioestimulante radical sobre Meloidogyne exigua en café en Naranjo, Costa Rica
Authors: Quirós-Castro Andrea , Peraza-Padilla Walter
Published: January 2023

Introducción. M. exigua ocasiona pérdidas importantes en el cultivo del café (Coffea arabica). Una práctica común para su control, es el uso de productos químicos que, en ocasiones, no son suficientemente efectivos, son además costosos y tóxicos para el humano y el ambiente. Objetivo. Evaluar un nematicida biológico y un bioestimulante radical como una alternativa para reducir las poblaciones de M. exigua en el cultivo de café. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron cuatro tratamientos: un nematicida biológico, un bioestimulante radical, un testigo químico terbufos (TQ) y un testigo absoluto (TA) en plantas de café de tres años donde se realizaron los muestreos de nematodos en suelo y raíz. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Para el conteo de M. exigua antes y después de la aplicación de los tratamientos, se recurrió al modelo lineal generalizado con distribución binomial negativa de los residuos (Proc GenMod de SAS 9.2). Resultados. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos, es decir, ninguna de las alternativas evaluadas logró disminuir la población de nematodos, por el contrario, las poblaciones aumentaron después de tres meses de la aplicación de los productos. El uso del nematicida biológico aumentó las poblaciones en un 88%, el TQ en un 30%, el bioestimulante radical en un 137% y por último, el TA la aumentó en un 134%. Una razón de la baja eficacia podría estar relacionada con el número de aplicaciones de los productos. Conclusión. Por lo anterior, es necesario buscar nuevas y eficaces alternativas para el combate de nematodos.
Instrumentos de mensuração de qualidade para os cursos online: um estudo bibliográfico
Authors: Queiroz Keviny Magalhães , Barros Filho Edgar Marçal de , Gondim Raquel de Sousa , Vasconcelos Francisco Herbert Lima
Published: January 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo estudar as práticas aplicadas na análise de qualidade de cursos on-line. A pesquisa trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico que comparou trabalhos a fim de responder sobre os diferentes instrumentos de avaliação de qualidade, bem como os pontos mais relevantes considerados nessas análises. Como resultado, foram encontrados quatro diferentes modos de aplicação e uma quantidade vasta de fatores de relevância. Dentre esses fatores, destacam-se a qualidade de comunicação entre instrutor e aluno, a variedade de mídias utilizadas e o bom uso das tecnologias digitais de Educação a Distância.
First records of the Truandó Toad, Rhaebo haematiticus (Cope, 1862) (Anura, Bufonidae) in the Middle Cauca river valley, Caldas, Colombia
Authors: Arias-Monsalve Héctor Fabio , Caicedo-Martínez Luis Santiago , Cardona-Zuluaga Juan Felipe , Cardona-Giraldo Alexandra , Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E.
Published: January 2023

We present the first records of the Truandó Toad, Rhaebo haematiticus (Cope, 1862), in the inter-Andean valley of the Middle Cauca River, Colombia, the second largest inter-Andean basin of the country. In Colombia, this species has been extensively documented in the Chocó biogeographic region, on the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental, in the valley of Magdalena River, and the foothills of the western slope of the northern Cordillera Oriental. Our records help fill an expansive hiatus in the known distribution of this species and increases the number of amphibians known to occur in the basin of the Cauca River.
Surface topography as a material parameter
Authors: Jacobs Tevis D. B. , Pastewka Lars ,   Guest Editors
Published: January 2023

Materials science is about understanding the relationship between a material’s structure and its properties—in the sphere of mechanical behavior, this includes elastic modulus, yield strength, and other bulk properties. We show in this issue that, analogously, a material’s surface structure governs its surface properties—such as adhesion, friction, and surface stiffness. For bulk materials, microstructure is a critical component of structure; for surfaces, the structure is governed largely by surface topography. The articles in this issue cover the latest understanding of these structure–property connections for surfaces. This includes both the theoretical basis for how properties depend on topography, as well as the latest understanding of how surface topography emerges, how to measure and understand topography-dependent properties, and how to engineer surfaces to improve performance. The present article frames the importance of surface topography and its effect on properties; it also outlines some of the critical knowledge gaps that impede progress toward optimally performing surfaces.

Graphical abstract
Islamic Banking Customer Engagement and Awareness: Exploring an African Context
Authors: Moosa Riyad
Published: January 2023

The Islamic banking industry is a niche market within the South African banking industry. Information is needed on the profile of customers and their level of awareness concerning activities at Islamic banks. Thus, the objectives of this study are to identify the banking engagements and level of CSR awareness among customers of Islamic banks in South Africa. The study used non-probability sampling to collect data via a questionnaire from 163 respondents throughout South Africa, which was analysed using descriptive statistics. The results indicate that respondents sought out Islamic banking for themselves; they also had a long-standing relationship with the Islamic bank and mainly used saving, current, and investment accounts. The findings also showed that respondents needed to be made aware of the CSR activities undertaken by the Islamic banks, and they could have engaged in CSR activities more regularly. Thus, those in management at Islamic banks are encouraged to engage in proactively making their Sharia-compliant offerings and CSR activities visible.
Diecezje łucka i żytomierska w świetle schematyzmu na 1832 rok (3). Duchowieństwo
Authors: Szczepaniak Jan
Published: January 2023

We present another text concerning the situation of the Latin Rite Catholic Church in Russia before the fall of the November Uprising, based on schemata, supplemented and verified based on sources (especially visitation records). The previous ones discussed the schematism of the Kamieniec diocese in 1831 and the Lutsk and Zhytomyr diocese in 1832, as well as issues related to the organization of the Lutsk, Zhytomyr and Kamieniec dioceses and the Catholic clergy from Podolia. This text presents the clergy incardinated in the autumn of 1831 in the Łuck and Żytomierz dioceses. Based on schematism, it was established that there were 161 priests in these dioceses at that time, most of whom were involved in pastoral care at parish churches and public chapels. In the first three decades of the 19th century, the number of clergy in Volhynia significantly decreased. In 1801, 329 priests belonged to both dioceses. However, it is worth to remember that at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, the chancel of both dioceses was joined by 116 clergymen who had changed from the Greek-Uniate to the Latin rite, due to government restrictions and the lack of freedom in conducting Catholic pastoral ministry in the Eastern Rite, which resulted in the transition of many Uniate parishes on Orthodoxy. In 1831, 15 priests out of this number were still alive. Thus, In Podolia, in the dioceses of Lutsk and Zhytomyr, there were not enough priests to fill pastoral positions. Most of the priests operating in Volhynia in the fall of 1831 came from the Ukrainian lands, although there were also clergymen from Lithuanian-Belarusian lands. Many of them, choosing the priesthood, chose the Volyn seminaries due to the lack of clergy in both dioceses. The priests who came from Volhynia mainly came from the nobility and obtained secondary education close to their family home. Few of them had a university education and had an academic degree. Usually, those alumni of Volyn seminaries, whom the bishop sent to the Main Seminary in Vilnius and to study theology at the Imperial University, constituted the elite of the clergy. They became members of chapters, officials of the consistory and lecturers of theological seminaries, and in later years provosts and priests in prominent parishes. Half of the described priests lived to the age of 60.
Estimation of $Pr(X<Y)$ for exponential power records
Authors: TANIŞ Caner , SARAÇOĞLU Buğra , ASGHARZADEH Akbar , ABDİ Mousa
Published: January 2023

In this study, we tackle the problem of estimation of stress-strength reliability $R = P r(X < Y )$ based on upper record values for exponential power distribution. We use the maximum likelihood and Bayes methods to estimate R. The Tierney-Kadane approximation is used to compute the Bayes estimation of R since the Bayes estimator can not be obtained analytically. We also derive asymptotic confidence interval based on the asymptotic distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator of R. We consider a Monte Carlo simulation study in order to compare the performances of the maximum likelihood estimators and Bayes estimators according to mean square error criteria. Finally, a real data application is presented.
ATTENTION TO SELF AND TO OTHERS IN THE EXPERIENCE OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN WITH THE AVENTURA ESPACIAL GAME
Authors: Demoly Karla Rosane do Amaral , Henrique Jordanya Reginaldo , Rodrigues Rafael de Almeida , Pereira Yákara Vasconcelos , Pereira Laryssa Dayanna Costa , Chagas Maria de Fátima de Lima das
Published: January 2023

This work analyzes how children with autism spectrum disorder transform modes of attention to self and forms of interaction in the direct experience in which they play with games built for mental health. This is a qualitative intervention research and the methodological procedures involve an organization with monitoring of game workshops and the analysis of the participants' self-narratives. The context of the experience involves children who are assisted at the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantil [Child Psychosocial Care Center], located in the city of Mossoró-RN and their families, who participate on the program Oficinando em Rede [Networked Workshops] at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. Regarding research instruments, we highlight the researcher's logbook, the transcription of self-narratives recorded in the meetings with family members and children, footage of workshops with the children for later observation of the ways of coordinating interactive processes in the direct work of the researchers using the Aventura Espacial [Space Adventure] game. Workshops are a research tool, as they enable the construction of an experience that favors the transformation of cognitive and subjectivation processes, the learning and caring in the process and the interaction with subjects on the autism spectrum. As a result, we can understand that interacting and playing with the Aventura Espacial game favors the emergence of interactive processes and the communication of children diagnosed with autism.
CONTROLE SOCIAL, TRANSPARÊNCIA, INTEIREZA CIENTÍFICA E RESPONSABILIDADE EM PESQUISAS MÉDICAS
Authors: Dantas Flávio
Published: January 2023

O Sistema CEP/CONEP é responsável pela regulação ética de pesquisas no Brasil, comprometido com o controle social, para proteger os direitos dos participantes em pesquisas. O Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) é o documento público que concretiza a proteção dos participantes. O artigo aborda dois casos de pesquisas médicas na região amazônica, sobre malária e tratamento com cloroquina para COVID-19, em que os participantes foram desinformados no TCLE, aprovado pelo sistema CEP/CONEP, sobre aspectos relevantes dos estudos, com sérios riscos à saúde.  Para ampliar a transparência e  controle social, propõe-se a divulgação obrigatória do modelo de TCLE em pesquisas que usem recursos públicos, apresentação de resumo itemizado no início do TCLE, publicação de elementos centrais do protocolo de ensaios clínicos em plataformas virtuais brasileiras de acesso aberto e promulgação de lei para aprimorar a inteireza científica e ética nas pesquisas médicas brasileiras.
RELACIÓN ENTRE COMPETENCIAS DIGITALES Y PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO – UNA REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA CIENTÍFICA DESDE EL 2015 AL 2022
Authors: Bolo-Romero Karla Mavel , Córdova-Berona Helí Alejandro , Gutiérrez-Velasco Flavio
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue elaborar una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica entre los años 2015 al 2022 sobre la relación que hay entre las competencias digitales y el pensamiento crítico. En el aspecto metodológico se tomó como punto de partida la metodología PRISMA, habiéndose elegido las bases de datos Scielo, Scopus, Ebsco y Eric, en inglés y español. No se consideró ni el idioma ni el lugar como elementos de exclusión. En cuanto a los resultados: de 30 fuentes, 13 corresponden a España con 8 publicaciones, las demás a diversos países; 18 en español y 12 en inglés; la mayor cantidad de publicaciones han sido en el 2021 con 11; la tercera parte han sido publicadas en SciELO; el enfoque metodológico predominante es el cuantitativo; el 60% tienen una relación indirecta entre ambas categorías; y en cuanto a la vinculación, el 56% contribuyen a mejorar el aprendizaje. En la discusión y conclusiones: es en España es donde hay mayor preocupación por publicaciones de este tipo, por lo cual la mayoría son en español; se infiere que el pico más elevado es el 2021 debido a la pandemia; el enfoque cuantitativo mayoritario se debe a la preferencia por los datos estadísticos cuantificables sobre todo para la categoría competencias digitales; la relación indirecta entre ambas categorías se debe a que ambas tienen metodologías distintas; y finalmente la habilidad para las competencias digitales mejoran considerablemente el aprendizaje y contribuyen a dar soluciones a las diferentes situaciones de aprendizaje.
The Contradictions in Vladimir Putin's "Just War" against Ukraine: The Myths of NATO’s Containment, Minority Protection and Denazification
Authors: Ferraro Vicente
Published: January 2023

Since Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Putin has mobilized different arguments to justify his bellicose stance, mainly the pursuit of NATO containment, the protection of ethnic Russians and Russian-speaking minorities, and the "denazification" of Ukraine. In this article I analyze the contradictions and inconsistencies in these three arguments. Firstly, I show that, although Russian elites had legitimate considerations to contest NATO enlargement during the post-Cold War era, there is no evidence that Putin’s military aggression was motivated by this issue: as previously expected, the invasion has further strengthened the alliance, provided it with a legitimate raison d'être, and contributed to an even more intense military presence near Russian borders; the European balance of power is now much more favorable to NATO than before the conflict. Secondly regarding the humanitarian intentions of protecting the Russian-speaking communities in Eastern Ukraine, the Russian invasion has so far led to the opposite result: ten months of war caused more civilian deaths than eight years of war in Donbas, and the Russian-speaking population has been exactly the most affected victim. Finally, with regard to the "fight against Nazism", although in Ukraine there are ultranationalist groups, there is no evidence that such groups currently count on significant political influence and broad support in society; furthermore, the Russian authorities themselves have ties to similar groups. The "denazification" narrative represents a strategy of demonizing the opponent, mobilized to legitimize the dismemberment and extinguishing of Ukraine as a state and nation. The current war has laid bare the Kremlin's double standard politics: civilian deaths resulting from attempts by Ukraine to regain control of its territory are evidence of "genocide"; while the civilian deaths resulting from the Russian invasion are just the "side effects" of a legitimate fight against "Nazis" and NATO.
A TREE-SHAPED LAYOUT HEAT PIPE TO ENHANCE HEAT TRANSFER IN A PHASE-CHANGE MATERIAL STORAGE PROCESS
Authors: Gao Binxu , Liu Shuli , Mazhar Abdur Rehman , Shen Yongliang , Chen Tingsen , Zhang Shaoliang
Published: January 2023

Phase-change materials (PCMs) are promising in energy storage. However, the low thermal conductivity of a PCM limits its practical application. A tree-shaped layout heat pipe has been studied in this paper to improve the heat transfer performance in PCM energy storage. Based on the thermal imaging picture distribution of conventional heat pipes within the PCM during the heat storage process, tree-shaped layout heat pipes have been designed. Additionally, their thermal performance was experimentally compared with that of conventional heat pipes. Experimental results prove that the bending of heat pipes has little influence on its own thermal performance, and the difference in average temperature between tree-shaped layout and conventional heat pipes is 0.9%. A PCM containing such tree-shaped layout heat pipes melts 15.2% faster than a PCM with conventional heat pipes. The thermal resistance of a PCM with these tree-shaped layout heat pipes decreases by 41.7% compared with that of a PCM with conventional heat pipes. Moreover, tree-shaped layout heat pipes reduce the thermal resistance of the PCM mainly before phase change in the melting process, while this layout has less impact after the completion of melting.
STUDY ON ELIMINATING RETROGRADE CONDENSATE POLLUTION IN LOW-PERMEABILITY CONDENSATE GAS RESERVOIR
Authors: Liu Nianxiao , Huang Xiaoliang , Luo Hao , Yang Chang , Wang Zuohao , Min Chunrong
Published: January 2023

With the decrease of pressure during the production process of low-permeability condensate gas reservoirs, different degrees of retrograde condensate pollution appear in the area near the wellbore, resulting in a rapid decrease in the productivity of gas wells. Due to the poor physical properties of low-permeability condensate gas reservoirs, conventional single measures such as circulating gas injection and huff and puff gas injection cannot effectively relieve the condensate pollution in the near-wellbore area. For this reason, this paper explores the WH1 gas well in the W low-permeability condensate gas reservoir and conducts research on the retrograde of reverse condensate pollution in a single well. First, 12 groups of inside evaluation experiments for the decontamination of retrograde condensates are carried out using the core of the condensate gas reservoir W and 6 different agents. According to the experimental results, methanol + CO2 huff and puff are selected as the optimal agent for decontamination by retrograde condensate. Secondly, by analyzing the physical properties of the W low-permeability condensate gas reservoir and the production performance parameters of the WH1 well, a three-dimensional numerical simulation model of the single well of the WH1 gas well is established, and the PVT phase state matching and production performance history matching are carried out for the model. Finally, the single-well numerical simulation model of the WH1 gas well, combined with the experimental results, is used to simulate the obturation effect of CO2 injection after methanol injection. Among them, the change of reservoir physical properties in the near-wellbore area after methanol injection is simulated by the method of local grid refinement. The research shows that after the simulated well is injected with 20m3 methanol when the CO2 injection volume in a single cycle is 120 × 104 m3, the injection rate is 4 × 104 m3/d, and the well soaking time is 11 days. The reservoir pollution removal effect is the best in the area near the wellbore. From the change of liquid saturation in the near-wellbore area, it can be concluded that the damage of retrograde condensate is relieved by about 87.1%. This study has formed a set of efficient technical means for removing reverse condensate pollution in W low-permeability condensate gas reservoirs. It provides some technical guidance for the formulation of a rational development mode of condensate gas reservoirs.
Bond behaviour of deformed reinforcing bars in ultrahigh-performance fibre RC
Authors: Huang Yang , Zhang Rui , Chen Shiming , Gu Ping
Published: January 2023

In reinforced concrete (RC) structural systems, the use of ultrahigh-performance fibre RC (UHPFRC) as an alternative to ordinary concrete is promising, especially in critical locations, such as wet joints between prefabricated members. To better understand and guide the construction practice of reinforced UHPFRC members, 28 pull-out specimens were tested to investigate the bond performance of steel bars embedded in UHPFRC. The influences of embedment length and bar diameter were analysed and discussed. Owing to the high cracking resistance of UHPFRC, no crack formation or splitting failure was found during the test. It is concluded that the bond development and deterioration process of steel bars in UHPFRC are fundamentally similar to those observed in ordinary concrete except for the higher initial bond stiffness and peak bond strength. Moreover, formulae for calculating normalised bond strength and residual bond strength are proposed, and an analytical model for bond stress–slip response has been developed accordingly, based on a modification of the model recommended by fib Model Code 2010. Finally, suitable anchorage lengths of deformed steel bars in UHPFRC are discussed and suggested.
Effects of collars on local scour around semi-circular end bridge abutments
Authors: Gogus Mustafa , Daskin Sueyla , Gokmener Serkan
Published: January 2023

The occurrence of scour around bridge elements due to the transportation of bed material during flood events can cause serious structural damage and loss of life. Increased uncertainties in precipitation and runoff predictions due to climate change make this phenomenon more complex and dangerous. Bridge scour countermeasures should thus be more focused on decreasing scour formation around bridge elements. In this study, abutment scour under clear-water conditions with constant flow intensity was conducted and collars were tested as scour countermeasures around semi-circular end bridge abutments. The experimental study was performed in a rectangular channel with an almost uniform cohesionless bed material for 3 h with and without collars. Collars of various lengths located at different elevations around the abutments were tested to investigate the effect of collars on scour development. The results of the study showed that the scour depth decreased with increasing collar width and when the collar was placed below the bed level for a given abutment length. The results were compared with those of similar earlier studies to show the effect of abutment shape, size of the bed sediment and test durations on the development of scour depth around abutments.
Machine learning models in people detection and identification
Authors: Niño Rondón Carlos Vicente , Restrepo Chaustre Yesenia , Castro Casadiego Sergio Alexander
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This article is the result of research entitled "Development of a prototype to optimize access conditions to the SENA-Pescadero using artificial intelligence and open-source tools", developed at the Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje in 2020.
 
Problem: How to identify Machine Learning Techniques applied to computer vision processes through a literature review?
Objective: Determine the application, as well as advantages and disadvantages of machine learning techniques focused on the detection and identification of people.
Methodology: Systematic literature review in 4 high-impact bibliographic and scientific databases, using search filters and information selection criteria.
Results: Machine Learning techniques defined as Principal Component Analysis, Weak Label Regularized Local Coordinate Coding, Support Vector Machines, Haar Cascade Classifiers and EigenFaces and FisherFaces, as well as their applicability in detection and identification processes.
 
Conclusion: The research led to the identification of the main computational intelligence techniques based on machine learning, applied to the detection and identification of people. Their influence was shown in several application cases, but most of them were focused on the implementation and optimization of access control systems, or tasks in which the identification of people was required for the execution of processes.
Originality: Through this research, we studied and defined the main machine learning techniques currently used for the detection and identification of people.
Limitations: The systematic review is limited to information available in the 4 databases consulted, and the amount of information is variable as articles are deposited in the databases.
THROW
Authors: Francis Naomi , Grosz Patrick Georg , Patel-Grosz Pritty
Published: January 2023

This paper provides a detailed description of the distribution of an utterance-accompanying or utterance-replacing throwing away gesture (see Bressem & Müller 2014, 2017), THROW, and proposes a formal analysis of its contribution. We argue that this gesture conveys dismissal, which we model as the marking of the question addressed by a preceding discourse move as unimportant. This work extends the growing body of linguistic work on formal gesture semantics to discourse-management gestures; moreover, we find that the dismissal meaning encoded by THROW is unlike other discourse-management operators in being unable to operate on propositional content that it accompanies.
Mortality scoring systems for liver transplant recipients: before and after model for end-stage liver disease score
Authors: Chung Yang-Hoon , Jung Jaewoong , Kim Sang Hyun
Published: January 2023

The mortality scoring systems for patients with end-stage liver disease have evolved from the Child-Turcotte-Pugh score to the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, affecting the wait list for liver allocation. There are inherent weaknesses in the MELD score, with the gradual decline in its accuracy owing to changes in patient demographics or treatment options. Continuous refinement of the MELD score is in progress; however, both advantages and disadvantages exist. Recently, attempts have been made to introduce artificial intelligence into mortality prediction; however, many challenges must still be overcome. More research is needed to improve the accuracy of mortality prediction in liver transplant recipients.
DESMISTIFICANDO A EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors:   CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO INTERNACIONAL UNINTER, CASTANHEIRA NELSON PEREIRA , TESSARO NELIVA TEREZINHA ,   CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO INTERNACIONAL UNINTER, ANDRADE ALEXANDRE FRANCISCO DE ,   CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO INTERNACIONAL UNINTER, EBERSPACHER ALINE MARA GUMZ ,   CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO INTERNACIONAL UNINTER, BRASIL CAROLINE VIEIRA DE MACEDO ,   CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO INTERNACIONAL UNINTER
Published: January 2023

DURANTE UM ANO ATÍPICO, ASSOLADO POR UMA PANDEMIA MUNDIAL, SETORES QUE JAMAIS HAVIAM UTILIZADO A EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA PASSARAM A TER ESSA MODALIDADE COMO ÚNICA ALTERNATIVA SEJA PARA O TREINAMENTO ORGANIZACIONAL, SEJA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA OU PARA A EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR, ATÉ ENTÃO TOTAL OU PARCIALMENTE PRESENCIAIS. UMA PESQUISA FOI REALIZADA ENTRE DOCENTES E DISCENTES DE GRADUAÇÃO PRESENCIAL QUE MIGRARAM ABRUPTAMENTE PARA A EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA, ALGUNS SEM CONHECIMENTO PRÉVIO QUANTO AO USO DE TECNOLOGIAS. FOI IDENTIFICADA RESISTÊNCIA À EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA TANTO ENTRE DOCENTES QUANTO ENTRE DISCENTES, BEM COMO FOI IDENTIFICADO QUE A UTILIZAÇÃO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NÃO ERAM DO CONHECIMENTO DE TODOS. A CRIATIVIDADE E O USO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS DE APRENDIZAGEM SE MOSTRARAM COMO FUNDAMENTAIS PARA O SUCESSO DOS PROFESSORES E PARA QUE OS ALUNOS TIVESSEM ÊXITO NOS SEUS ESTUDOS. A UTILIZAÇÃO DE LABORATÓRIOS VIRTUAIS, EM ALGUNS CURSOS, AGREGOU VALOR AOS CONTEÚDOS ENSINADOS, EM SUBSTITUIÇÃO AOS LABORATÓRIOS EXISTENTES PARA AS AULAS PRESENCIAIS NA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO. A GAMIFICAÇÃO, ALÉM DE AUMENTAR O ENGAJAMENTO E A MOTIVAÇÃO, PROMOVE O TRABALHO EM EQUIPE E AJUDA NA RETENÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO. O PROFESSOR PRECISA SE PREPARAR TANTO NO ASPECTO TÉCNICO QUANTO NO ASPECTO COMPORTAMENTAL PARA O DESAFIO DAS ATIVIDADES A DISTÂNCIA
Calidad de la interacción docente-niño en el aula y los estilos cognitivos en la dimensión reflexividad-impulsividad
Authors: Amalia Alexandra Ovalle  , Tobón Gloria del Carmen
Published: January 2023

Este estudio analiza la relación entre los estilos cognitivos, desde la dimensión reflexividad-impulsividad y la calidad de la interacción docente-niño en el aula, en 40 niños y niñas de primer grado de primaria en la ciudad de Ibagué. Para conocer el estilo cognitivo se utilizó el MFF20 (test de emparejamiento de figuras conocidas) y para evaluar la calidad de la interacción docente-niño se utilizó el sistema de observación CLASS. Los resultados se analizaron con estadísticos descriptivos y se aplicó una correlación de Spearman para conocer la relación de las variables. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de niños (85 %), aún no tienen una clara tendencia a la reflexividad o impulsividad; asimismo, se encontró que la calidad de la relación docente-niño referente al apoyo emocional es media; mientras que el apoyo pedagógico es medio bajo; por lo que este no se relacionó con ningún estilo cognitivo.
El curriculum en estudiantes y profesores de los programas de formación de educadores de la Universidad de Caldas de la ciudad de Manizales: significados y sentidos
Authors: Portela Guarin Henry , Taborda Chaurra Javier , Loaiza Zuluaga Yasaldez Eder
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo hace parte de los resultados de la investigación “Semiosis de la pedagogía, el currículo y la didáctica”, la cual se desarrolló con un diseño mixto ―cualitativo y cuantitativo―, y cuyas preguntas orientadoras fueron: ¿cuáles son los alcances actuales del currículo?, ¿cuáles son los sentidos y significados de los saberes curriculares? Debido a la magnitud del estudio solo se abordará de manera parcial las concepciones de curriculum, sus ideas dominantes, las racionalidades que lo sustentan, para finalizar con los sentidos y significados de estudiantes y profesores de siete programas de licenciatura de la Universidad de Caldas de la ciudad de Manizales.
Juventud, ciudadanía y posicionamientos políticos: una lectura desde el aula de clase
Authors: Echavarría Grajales Carlos Valerio , Carmona González Diana Esperanza
Published: January 2023

El presente artículo se deriva del proyecto de investigación “Posicionamientos políticos de niñas, niños y jóvenes universitarios”, el cual indagó en principio por las posiciones y los posicionamientos políticos de un grupo de jóvenes del programa de Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés de la Universidad de La Salle. Metodológicamente se trabajó con una perspectiva etnográfica, mientras que la información se obtuvo mediante la realización de talleres pedagógicos con fines investigativos. En este estudio se concluye que para los jóvenes la política adquiere un mayor sentido público cuando está articulada a la comprensión de la resistencia simbólica, la capacidad de agencia, la búsqueda de la autonomía y la lucha por el reconocimiento de la población juvenil; así como por una lectura cuidadosa de las demandas éticas que ellas y ellos hacen con sus prácticas políticas.
Historia reciente y enseñanza del conflicto armado reciente y actual de Colombia en colegios y universidades del país
Authors: Plazas Díaz Fabián Alfredo
Published: January 2023

Con los diálogos de paz, entre el gobierno y los representantes de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) y el Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), se abre una importante discusión sobre cómo la academia puede contribuir a la comprensión y superación de un conflicto armado de más de medio siglo. En este contexto, la enseñanza de la historia del conflicto armado reciente y actual de Colombia ―como necesidad social y práctica pedagógica― y la historia reciente ―como disciplina de la historia― poseen algunas consideraciones teóricas y metodológicas iniciales que son objeto de exposición en el presente artículo; con la finalidad de contribuir al mejoramiento de la enseñanza de la historia del conflicto armado en colegios y universidades del país.
Desempeño y saberes del maestro
Authors: Loaiza Zuluaga Yasaldez Eder
Published: January 2023

Presentar algunas reflexiones en torno al oficio del maestro, en el marco de los artículos seleccionados para este número, brinda la oportunidad de analizar y comprender el contexto educativo y la manera como los maestros se han formado en el país y las lógicas que marcan su desempeño en la actualidad. Desde esta perspectiva es que se orienta este breve escrito, en aras de poner en consideración de los lectores lo que hoy se exige a los maestros, sin desconocer el contexto históricio1 (Loaiza) en el que se ha desarrollado la educación colombiana como asunto público, independiente de quien lo ofrece, que inicia con las políticas educativas de Bolívar y Santander en 1821, hasta el marco de los procesos de acreditación que se exigen hoy a las instituciones formadoras de maestros. Lo cual nos pone en la reflexión en torno a que el asunto no es solo de esta época, sino también desde siempre en virtud de la obligación impuesta a los maestros de aportar de manera significativa al desarrollo de los sujetos, de las comunidades y de la sociedad en general. Para lo cual es válido retomar los planteamientos de Nieto (1963, p. 23), quien de manera acertada exponía: “lo que es el maestro será la escuela, pero además, lo que es la escuela serán los ciudadanos que en ella se formen, y lo que sean los ciudadanos, será la comunidad, y así mismo la Nación”.
Los maestros y la pedagogía
Authors: Loaiza Zuluaga Yasaldez Eder
Published: January 2023

Un asunto prioritario hoy en los procesos formativos que adelantan los maestros es reflexionar y transformar sus prácticas pedagógicas no solo en atención al modelo pedagógico institucional, sino sobre todo ante las necesidades del contexto y especialmente de los estudiantes. Lo anterior implica la necesidad para que, desde los procesos investigativos, se puedan comprender y transformar los procesos formativos de los escolares y generar estrategias que estén a la vanguardia de los requerimientos de la educación actual y de las pedagogías contemporáneas; en tanto es desde el actuar del maestro que se puede aportar a una verdadera educación de calidad.
Promover o pensamento crítico em ciências na escolaridade básica: propostas e desafios
Authors: Tenreiro Vieira Celina , Marques Vieira Rui
Published: January 2023

A educação em ciências tem-se afigurado determinante para fomentar o exercício de uma cidadania efetiva numa sociedade marcada pelas implicações da ciência e da tecnologia, onde as decisões pessoais não são isentas de valores por envolverem, comummente, questões económicas, sociais, ambientais e culturais. Assim, importa nas aulas de ciências, criar múltiplas oportunidades para os alunos vivenciarem a participação/ação, mobilizando conhecimentos científicos, capacidades de pensamento crítico e atitudes e valores. Tendo por base tais referências apresentam-se propostas didáticas para a educação em ciências na escolaridade básica. Neste âmbito, relatam-se e analisam-se evidências dos alunos no contexto de questões ou problemáticas socialmente relevantes e que envolvem explicita e intencionalmente a mobilização de conhecimento científico, de capacidades de pensamento crítico e a clarificação de valores. Os resultados apontam para o potencial destas propostas no fomentar a formação dos alunos numa lógica de cidadania mais sustentável, ativa e reflexiva.
Moisture content distribution model for the soil wetting body under moistube irrigation
Authors: Yanwei Fan  , Weifan Yin  , Zhiwei Yang  , Yanxiang Wang  , Liangjun Ma
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the moisture distribution characteristics of a soil wetting body under different influencing factors to inform the design and management of a moistube irrigation system. A mathematical model of soil moisture movement under moistube irrigation was established based on Hydrus-2D software. The suitability of the Hydrus-2D simulation model was verified by laboratory experiments. Numerical simulations were carried out with Hydrus-2D to investigate the influence of soil texture, initial moisture content, moistube specific discharge and irrigation time on the moisture distribution of a soil wetting body. The soil moisture content is highest at the moistube, and its value is related to the moistube-specific discharge and soil texture. The soil moisture content at any point in the wetting body decreased linearly with increasing distance from the wetting front to the moistube in the five set directions (vertical downward, 45° downward, horizontal, 45° upward and vertical upward). This trend is applicable to fine-textured and coarse-textured soil. An estimation model of soil moisture content including soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, initial soil moisture, the specific flow rate of the moistube and the maximum value of the wetting front distance in all directions is proposed. The model estimation is good (root mean square error = 0.008–0.018 cm3·cm−3, close to 0; Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient = 0.987, close to 1), and it can provide a practical tool for moistube irrigation design and agricultural water management.
On the use of late-time drawdown in interpreting aquifer pumping test
Authors: M Gomo
Published: January 2023

The review aims to provide a common understanding of the use of late-time drawdown to interpret aquifer pumping tests. The first part of the review provides an overview of the use of the late-time drawdown in literature to illustrate where and how the term is being used. A discussion on the practical implications of using the term and its significance is then presented. The review shows the use of the late-time drawdown in three main ways: the application of the Cooper and Jacob time-drawdown method, the description of the third segment of the unconfined aquifer drawdown-time curve, and when trying to estimate representative/effective transmissivity parameters in heterogeneous aquifers. Unlike the other two situations, the use of late-time data in typical unconfined aquifers is supported by the groundwater flow principles and hence has a meaningful application. The aspects highlighted in this review are important to improve the theoretical and practical knowledge required for analysing and interpreting aquifer pumping test data.
Cyclopia subternata growth, yield, proline and relative water content in response to water deficit stress
Authors: MS Mahlare  , MN Lewu  , FB Lewu  , C Bester
Published: January 2023

Cyclopia, generally known as honeybush, and belonging to the Fabaceae family, originates from the Cape Floristic Region of the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces of South Africa. Currently, 6 honeybush species are commercially cultivated but, to date, there have been limited trials attempting to study their agronomic water demand. A pot trial was conducted where Cyclopia subternata plants were cultivated on different soil types (Stellenbosch granite, Stellenbosch shale and Stellenbosch clovelly) and subjected to three different water-deficit stress levels (well-watered, semi-stressed and stressed). Remarkably, irrigation treatments and soil types did not significantly affect the growth of the plants. However, the well-watered treatment consistently had higher yields compared to the other two treatments. The water-stressed (semi-stressed and stressed) treatments had lower relative water contents (RWC) with higher concentrations of proline, which signify water stress, compared to the control treatment. Higher proline and lower RWC contents found in this study are indications of water stress.
Stratejik Farkındalık ve Stratejik Çeviklik Arasındaki İlişkide Stratejik Yeteneğin Aracılık Rolü
Authors: TAŞGİT Yunus Emre , HORUZ İrem , KÖMÜR Taner , YAVUZ Aslınur
Published: January 2023

Günümüz iş dünyasında işletmelerin başarılı bir şekilde mücadele etmeleri için stratejik çeviklik, kritik bir özellik olarak kabul edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla stratejik çeviklik üzerinde etkisi olan değişkenlerin belirlenmesi stratejik yönetim literatürü açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı stratejik farkındalık ve stratejik çeviklik arasındaki ilişkide stratejik yeteneğin aracılık etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemi olan ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmış, veriler 391 yöneticiden anket tekniğiyle elde edilmiştir. Veriler analiz edilirken SPSS ve LİSREL programlarından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre stratejik farkındalığın, stratejik çeviklik üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi vardır. Bununla birlikte stratejik yetenek, stratejik farkındalık ve stratejik çeviklik arasındaki ilişkide önemli düzeyde anlamlı bir aracılık rolüne sahiptir.
Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Kapalı Çember Teorisinin Test Edilmesi: Türkiye Üzerine Bir İnceleme (1980-2019)
Authors: AYTEKİN İbrahim , KAYA Muhammed
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı; 1980-2019 yılları arasındaki dönem için Türkiye’de kapalı çember teorisinin geçerli olup olmadığının test edilmesidir. Bu amaçla çalışmada yatırım, tasarruf, gelir, tüketim ve verimlilik değişkenleri otoregresif dağıtılmış gecikme sınır testi yaklaşımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizde üç model kurulmuştur. Bağımlı değişken olarak yatırımın ele alındığı birinci modelde değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisine rastlanmıştır. Dolayısıyla birinci modele göre, Türkiye’de kapalı çember teorisinin geçerli olmadığı anlaşılmıştır fakat bağımlı değişken olarak tüketimin ele alındığı ikinci model ile bağımlı değişken olarak verimliliğin ele alındığı üçüncü modelde değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisine rastlanmamıştır. Dolayısıyla ikinci ve üçüncü modele göre Türkiye’de yoksulluk kısır döngüsünün geçerli olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Xiphopagic conjoined twins: A case report with pre and postnatal imaging
Authors: Jottrand Z , Geeraerd F , D’Hondt A , Donner C , Avni FA
Published: January 2023

Siamese or conjoined twins represent a rare but specific malformation occurring in monozygotic and mono-amniotic twin pregnancies. We report a case of xiphopagic conjoined twins and compare the contribution and correlation between ante- and post-mortem imaging for the detailed evaluation of the malformation. Our case highlights the importance of postnatal imaging to better understand this complex type of fetal malformation.
Tripanosomiasis bovina en hembra de raza especializada en producción de leche de zona alto andina, Antioquia: presentación de un caso
Authors: Zapata S. Richard , Reyes V. Julián
Published: January 2023

La tripanosomiasis en una enfermedad que históricamente se ha circunscrito como una enfermedad tropical endémica, cuya transmisión se da con mayor frecuencia en ecosistemas cálidos y templados por debajo de los 1.000 msnm. Según Morse, en los últimos años se ha dado un cambio tanto en la adaptación del microorganismo, como de la ampliación de las zonas de riesgo para las enfermedades vectoriales, desencadenada por el cambio ecológico de los nuevos sistemas agrícolas y de la transición climática actual, para el caso de la Tripanosomiasis se ha ampliado su ecología, mediada por estos cambios bioclimáticos y por la movilidad de semovientes entre las diferentes zonas agroclimáticas del país. En el presente trabajo se presenta el caso de un bovino de raza lechera en una zona alto andina en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia.
Detección de anticuerpos irregulares en pacientes transfundidos en una clínica de medellín, Colombia entre 2007-2010
Authors: Villa P. María Isabel , Pérez E. Rocío , Cardona A. Jaiberth
Published: January 2023

Introducción Los anticuerpos irregulares constituyen una de las principales complicaciones de la transfusión sanguínea.   objetivo Determinar la frecuencia de anticuerpos irregulares en receptores de sangre de una clínica de Medellín, Colombia durante el período de Junio de 2007 a Junio 2010 y su asociación con características demográficas, clínicas y hematológicas.   Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo transversal en 6.420 receptores de sangre. La información fue recolectada y analizada en SPSS 18 a través de medidas de resumen, frecuencias, intervalos de confianza y estadística no paramétrica.   Resultados La frecuencia de anticuerpos irregulares fue de 1,1%; se observó un 14,8% de anti E, 9,8% anti D y 4,9% anti Kell, la frecuencia de anti C, anti c, anti S, anti Le, anti M y anti Fy fue inferior al 4%. No se hallaron diferencias en la frecuencia de anticuerpos según edad, sexo, diagnóstico, grupo ABO y número de transfusiones, se observó asociación con el Rh y la prueba cruzada.   Conclusión La frecuencia de anticuerpos irregulares fue baja y ésta no presentó asociación con las características demográficas y clínicas de los receptores.
Trabajos libres, presentaciones orales
Authors: Editorial Comité
Published: January 2023

NA
Producción de jarabes glucosados empleando un complejo enzimático en la hidrólisis de almidón contenido en harinas de yuca, sorgo y maíz
Authors: Casas S. Maribel , Vélez Z. Juan Ricardo , Acosta C. Alejandro
Published: January 2023

Introducción
Existen diversos productos agrícolas con altos contenidos de almidón, como yuca, sorgo y maíz, que pueden ser destinados para la producción de jarabes glucosados.
Objetivo
Determinar la producción de jarabes glucosados empleando un complejo enzimático en la hidrólisis de almidón contenido en harinas de yuca, sorgo y maíz.
Materiales y métodos
Las harinas fueron caracterizadas fisicoquímicamente determinándose el peso seco, humedad, fibra, ceniza, proteína, densidad aparente, almidón, temperatura de gelatinización y pH. La hidrólisis se realizó en dos etapas; en la etapa inicial (licuefacción) se empleó la enzima Termamyl® 120 L (pH 5,4, 80°C, 8 µL enzima/g almidón), para la segunda etapa (sacarificación) se empleó la enzima G-zyme® 480 (pH 4,3, 60°C, con dos niveles de concentración 1,5 a 5 µL/g y con el software estadístico Design Expert 7,0 se determinaron los tratamientos para encontrar la mejor relación enzima-sustrato que optimizará el porcentaje de conversión, mediante la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM). 
Resultados
Los tiempos de licuado y sacarificado para yuca y maíz fueron de 30 y 60 min, y para sorgo de 40 y 80 min.
Los porcentajes de conversión obtenidos experimentalmente a partir de los modelos (RSM) fueron de 98,40%, 96,52% y 91,04% con una productividad (g azúcares reductores/L.min) de 2,70, 1,69 y 1,04 para yuca, sorgo y maíz,
respectivamente.
Conclusión
El tiempo de hidrólisis total en las tres harinas fue igual o inferior a 2 h, se obtuvieron porcentajes de conversión para yuca, sorgo y maíz del 98,4%, 96,52% y 91,04% respectivamente, se demuestra la efectividad de las enzimas empleadas y mediante el modelo RMS se obtiene la optimización del porcentaje de conversión.