bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severe distributive shock, neutrophilic dermatosis, and Kounis syndrome in the setting of azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome
Authors: Su Samuel , Wang Yu Ming , Zaborniak Karver , Hamza Sate , Jassal Davinder S. , Blouw Marcus
Published: May 2024

Background: Azathioprine is a purine synthesis inhibitor used as an immunosuppressive therapy for many immune-mediated diseases. Azathioprine hypersensitivity reaction is a rare, life-threatening adverse reaction characterized by a range of multisystem manifestations including fever, abdominal pain, arthralgias, erythematous cutaneous eruption, acute renal failure, neutrophilia, and more rarely, distributive shock. Furthermore, allergic coronary vasospasm (Kounis syndrome) has been described as a reaction to several allergens, but has previously never been associated with azathioprine or its hypersensitivity syndrome.
Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 59-year-old male with Crohn’s disease who developed severe azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome that included distributive shock, cutaneous eruption of neutrophilic dermatosis, and ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome consistent with Kounis syndrome. Clinical improvement was seen after cessation of azathioprine and administration of glucocorticoid therapy. This case report is the first of its kind to describe such a severe reaction to azathioprine, especially with the occurrence of Kounis syndrome.
Conclusion: In patients receiving azathioprine, hypersensitivity syndrome, distributive shock, neutrophilic dermatosis, and Kounis syndrome should be recognized as potential adverse events.
Distinct impacts of pure El Niño events on spring rainfall of Sri Lanka
Authors: Kajakokulan Pathmarasa , Pathirana Gayan , Geng Xin , Premarathne Upul
Published: May 2024

The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) strongly influences the climate of the tropical Indo-Pacific region, but the specific impact of pure El Niño events on Sri Lanka's rainfall remains largely unexplored. By analyzing observational and reanalysis datasets from 1981 to 2023, we investigate this relationship, particularly during the El Niño decaying spring season. Our results show that during pure Central Pacific (CP) El Niño events, Sri Lanka experiences enhanced spring rainfall due to warmer sea surface temperatures (SST) in the tropical Indian Ocean and strong westerly winds over the Arabian Sea, which favor moisture convergence and subsequent rainfall enhancement over Sri Lanka. Conversely, during pure Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño events, spring rainfall is reduced due to cooler SST and stronger easterly winds inducing anti-cyclonic circulation over the Arabian Sea, resulting in moisture divergence and reduced rainfall. These contrasting responses highlight the distinct impacts of pure El Niño events on the rainfall of Sri Lanka and associated ocean-atmosphere dynamics, providing valuable insights for future climate projections and adaptation strategies in the country.
Time-Reversal based Power Division Multiple Access
Authors: Lee Man Hee , Lee Hye Yeong , Shin Soo Young
Published: May 2024

This paper proposes time-reversal based power division multiple access (TRPDMA) to enhance achievable sum rate (ASR) in dense multi-path environment. In TRPDMA, time-reversal (TR) introduces spatial focusing effect which provides a robustness of transmission using channel reciprocity. A mathematical approach is used to derive channel model of the proposed TRPDMA and calculate a closed-form of ASR. As performance metrics, ASR, ergodic ASR (EASR), and complexity are evaluated to compare with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and time-reversal division multiple access (TRDMA). The proposed TRPDMA outperforms than NOMA in both ASR and EASR while TRDMA in both ASR, ESAR and computational complexity.
Finding my tribe: a qualitative interview study of how people living with metastatic breast cancer perceive metastatic breast cancer support groups
Authors: Mackie Grace M , Boyle Frances , Lewis Sophie , Smith Andrea L
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study explored the value of MBC support groups, and factors that affect attendance, from the perspective of people with MBC.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 women with MBC (support group attendees n = 16; non-attendees n = 12). Data were analysed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis.
Results
Three themes were generated: the value of sharing experiential knowledge, spaces for open and honest conversations, and opportunities to find connection and community. These factors were the main reasons that some participants valued, and chose to attend, an MBC support group. Stage-specificity and professional facilitation were identified as important aspects of group structure. Key reasons for non-attendance were concerns about misinformation, confronting the death of group members, and satisfaction with existing support networks.
Conclusions
MBC support groups are beneficial for some people with MBC, providing opportunities to connect with others with the same diagnosis. For others, different forms of peer support such as online forums or one-on-one support may be preferred. We argue that ensuring those with MBC have equal access to the peer support they need will be essential in supporting people to live as well as possible with MBC.
Implications for cancer survivors
MBC support groups, if appropriately led, can provide emotional and informational benefits for people with MBC. This research may also have relevance to other metastatic cancers where novel therapies are extending survival, resulting in an emerging cancer population with distinct supportive and survivorship needs.
Pharmacological and pupillary evidence for the noradrenergic contribution to reinforcement learning in Parkinson's disease
Authors: O'Callaghan Claire , Hezemans Frank , Subramaniam Naresh , Ye Rong , Tsvetanov Kamen , Murley Alexander , Holland Negin , Orlando Isabella , Regenthal Ralf , Baker Roger A , Williams-Gray Caroline , Passamonti Luca , Robbins Trevor , Rowe James
Published: May 2024

Noradrenaline plays an integral role in learning, by optimising behavioural strategies and facilitating choice execution. Testing the noradrenergic framework of learning in the context of human diseases offers a test bed for current normative neuroscience theories and may also indicate therapeutic potential. Parkinson's disease is often considered as a model of dopamine deficits, including dopamine’s role in reinforcement learning. However, noradrenergic function is also severely impaired by Parkinson's disease, contributing to cognitive deficits. Using a single dose of the noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine, in people with Parkinson's disease (n=19, randomised double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design), we show improvements in learning compared to placebo. Computational modelling confirmed a substantial shift in the decision noise parameter, indicative of more exploitative choices. This response pattern closely resembled that of age-matched controls (n=26) and simulations of optimal response strategies. Pupillometry revealed increased baseline pupil diameter under atomoxetine, which correlated with behavioural improvements, and a heightened phasic pupillary response to feedback. Our findings confirm the noradrenergic contribution to reinforcement learning, and in doing so they challenge the simple interpretation of tonic-phasic locus coeruleus firing patterns based on pupillometry. Noradrenergic modulation is a potential treatment strategy for cognitive symptoms in Parkinson's disease and related disorders.
Ni/Pd-containing pentasils in n-hexane micropulse hydrocracking and aromatization
Authors: Yakovenko A. , Patrylak L. , Voloshyna Yu. , Pertko O. , Povazhnyi V.
Published: May 2024

Monometallic palladium- and nickel-containing as well as bimetallic MFI-type zeolites with metal content of 1 wt % were synthesized. Samples were characterized by using low temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption, FTIR, and TEM. It is stated that at 400–500 оС on the investigated samples the cracking of linear hexane occurs, but on the palladium-containing sample the aromatization function is partly appeared.
Causal Relationship Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Malignant Melanoma: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Zhao Wumei , Fu Haijing , Xu Tianyi , Shan Shijun
Published: May 2024

While early epidemiological observational studies have suggested a potential link between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and malignant melanoma (MM), the precise causal relationship between them remains contentious. From the largest global genome-wide association studies (GWAS) covering IBD, Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC), we meticulously selected genetic variants as our instrumental variables (IV). In this research endeavor, we primarily utilized the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method for Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate further the potential causal relationship between IBD and MM. Based on genetic predictions, we identified a significant association between an increased risk of MM and IBD, with particularly pronounced effects observed in UC patients. The odds ratios (OR) generated were 1.072 (95%CI: 1.018–1.128, P = 0.008) and 1.093 (95%CI: 1.035–1.155, P = 0.034) respectively. However, it's imperative to emphasize that our findings did not reveal a causal relationship between IBD and NMSC (non-melanoma skin cancer), contrasting with certain earlier observational studies. Further reverse MR analysis corroborated the absence of a direct association between genetically predicted MM and IBD. This study furnishes compelling evidence supporting a potential link between IBD, especially UC, and MM. Given the causal relationship between IBD and MM, this discovery holds significant implications for refining subsequent clinical diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies.
Violencia en el noviazgo en estudiantes universitarios: validación de la escala DVQ-VP en Bolivia
Authors: Alfaro-Urquiola Alhena L. , Roth Eric , Herrero Díez Francisco Javier , Bringas Molleda Carolina , Herrero Olaizola Juan B. , Rodríguez Díaz Francisco Javier
Published: May 2024

Antecedentes: La violencia en el noviazgo es un tema cada vez más estudiado ya que se relaciona con las etapas iniciales de lo que más tarde podría convertirse en violencia de pareja e incluso violencia intrafamiliar. Se cree que el amor puede causar patrones de comportamiento que eventualmente se convertirán en hábitos. El objetivo es contar con instrumentos válidos y fiables, adaptados a diferentes contextos, para evaluar con precisión y prontitud a las víctimas y agresores y orientar una intervención adecuada. Método: Trabajamos con 2.216 estudiantes universitarios voluntarios de Bolivia que tuvieron al menos una relación de pareja en los últimos doce meses. Se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio para adaptar el DVQ-VP al contexto boliviano. Resultados: Se confirmaron las características psicométricas adecuadas para evaluar la violencia en las relaciones de noviazgo utilizando una versión reducida de 18 ítems en un modelo de cinco factores para las víctimas y una escala de un solo factor para la evaluación de los agresores, que se encontraron invariantes para el sexo. Conclusiones: Se señalan las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio.
Percepção de potenciais consumidores sobre geleias contendo probióticos
Authors: Dias Thainá de Melo Carlos , Martins Eliane Mauricio Furtado , De Lima Diana Clara Nunes , Martins Maurilio Lopes , De Queiroz Isabela Campelo , Martins Fabiana de Oliveira , Campos André Narvaes da Rocha , Assis Géssica da Silva , Condé Patrícia Rodrigues
Published: May 2024

Bactérias probióticas são tradicionalmente carreadas em produtos lácteos. Entretanto, existe um número crescente de indivíduos com intolerância à lactose, hipercolesterolêmicos, vegetarianos, que necessitam de dietas com restrição de gordura e/ou que não consomem laticínios por motivos culturais. Essas restrições justificam a busca por novas matrizes não lácteas como veículo para bactérias probióticas, bem como estudos de percepção de consumidores a fim de conhecer suas demandas alimentares. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a percepção de consumidores brasileiros sobre geleias contendo probióticos. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário online que contou com 746 respondentes de todas as regiões do país. Empregou-se a técnica de associação de palavras em que cada palavra citada nas questões abertas foi contada e agrupada com palavras sinônimas. Verificou-se que 66,1% dos respondentes sabem o que são probióticos e 93,3% já consumiram algum produto probiótico de origem láctea. Por outro lado, apenas 49,5% já haviam consumido algum alimento probiótico de origem vegetal e a maioria, 93,8%, gostaria de encontrar mais opções de probióticos de origem vegetal no mercado. Por meio da técnica de associação de palavras constatou-se que os consumidores associam probióticos à saúde, principalmente à saúde intestinal e que a adição desses microrganismos a uma geleia de frutas aumenta a associação de geleias à saúde por parte dos respondentes. Portanto, o consumo de probióticos, geleias e geleias contendo probióticos é visto de forma positiva pelos consumidores, havendo grande interesse por mais opções de probióticos de origem vegetal, o que aponta para um mercado promissor.
Uso de antimicrobianos em hospital especializado em cardiologia
Authors: Bokehi Luciana Castilho , Mascarenhas Camile Moreira , De Paula Geraldo Renato
Published: May 2024

O gerenciamento do uso de antimicrobianos tem sido apontado como ação relevante para mitigar o uso irracional e a crescente resistência a esta classe de medicamentos. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a utilização dos antimicrobianos mediante mensuração do consumo e avaliação de adequação do tratamento quanto à indicação, dose e duração, no período de agosto a novembro de 2019, em um hospital especializado em cardiologia. Os tratamentos iniciados de forma empírica também foram avaliados quanto à sua adequação após resultado de cultura e teste de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos, e, no caso de necessidade, à realização de ajuste. Ademais, aplicou-se a classificação da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) em que os antimicrobianos são agrupados, conforme o impacto do seu uso na resistência microbiana e a importância do seu uso adequado e restrito, nas categorias Access, Watch e Reserve (AwaRe), a estes tratamentos. Foram avaliadas 1558 prescrições associadas a 405 tratamentos. As classes terapêuticas mais utilizadas foram as penicilinas combinadas, carbapenêmicos e cefalosporinas de terceira geração. A adequação na indicação foi observada em 84,2% dos casos. Dentre esses, 88,1% e 90,6% apresentavam, respectivamente, dose e duração do tratamento adequadas. Os tratamentos iniciados empiricamente foram realizados majoritariamente (58,7%) com antimicrobianos do grupo Watch, seguido do grupo Reserve (23,5%) e Access (17,8%). O ajuste de terapia foi realizado em 59% dos casos que os necessitavam (57,9%). Os resultaos sugerem que o uso de antimicrobianos deve ser aperfeiçoado, buscando minimizar o uso empírico, favorecer o uso de antimicrobianos da categoria Access e promover a adequação dos tratamentos empíricos após resultados de cultura.
Os limites conceituais da atuação das cortes constitucionais em um estado democrático de direito
Authors: Barbosa Emanuela Guimarães , Coura Alexandre de Castro
Published: May 2024

Considerando o caráter multidimensional referente à prática do ativismo judicial, o presente artigo propõe-se a analisar a atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal, na condição de Corte constitucional, quando das tomadas de decisão e resolução de casos que, na visão dos autores, se apresentou de forma ativista e inconstitucional, por extrapolar a competência atribuída pela Constituição Federal de 1988 ao exercício do poder Judiciário. O presente trabalho desenvolveu-se com base em referenciais teóricos acerca do tema, bem como por meio da análise de entendimentos jurisprudenciais exarados pelo STF em casos específicos, em que restou caracterizada as tomadas de decisão ativistas por parte da referida Corte. A categorização realizada pelos autores, no que se refere ao reconhecimento da atuação ativista, por parte da Corte constitucional brasileira, tem por objetivo fomentar o debate acerca da necessidade de se reduzir o subjetivismo judicial nos casos submetidos à sua análise, como guardião não de um documento, mas da democracia, liberdade e identidade de seu povo, eis que o ativismo judicial, além de representar uma expressa violação ao instituto da separação dos poderes, pode representar também uma usurpação de função com o consequente enfraquecimento do nosso Estado Democrático de Direito.
A construção do estado de bem-estar social e o neoliberalismo: Uma reflexão sobre a ruptura da evolução dos direitos humanos e do processo de (des)mercadorização das sociedades capitalistas
Authors: Bedin Gilmar Antonio , Schonardie Elenise Felzke
Published: May 2024

O tema deste artigo é resgatar alguns elementos do processo de construção do Estado de Bem-Estar Social e refletir sobre o impacto da crise econômica da década de 70 do século 20 sobre a trajetória crescentemente social do Estado e da cidadania modernos. Assim, o texto recupera o processo de transformação do Estado moderno e seus vínculos com as diversas gerações de direitos. Em seguida, aborda a importância das ideias socializantes para a formação do pacto que levou a uma crescente tendência desmercadorizante das sociedades capitalistas. Por fim, analisa a crise econômica do início dos anos 70 do século passado e seu impacto sobre a forma de constituição da vida coletiva. Nesse sentido, constata-se que a crise referida foi, mais que uma crise conjuntural e passageira como tantas outras, um evento que produziu uma notável virada histórica que levou ao declínio das ideias que sustentavam o Estado de Bem-Estar Social e os direitos econômicos e sociais e à ascensão das ideias neoliberais. A conclusão é que esta transformação produziu uma nova mercadorização de diversas esferas das sociedades capitalistas e provocou, em consequência, o abandono da cultura da igualdade e da justiça social.
Hydrogeological assessment and contaminant transport modelling of Enyimba landfill site in Aba, Nigeria
Authors: Bridget Odochi Ubechu , Iheanyichukwu Opara Alexander , Okechukwu Onyekuru Samuel , Chukwuemeka Ikechukwu Chigozie , Juliana Ofoh Ifeyinwa , Ifeanyi Okechukwu Stephen , Nkiru Nwokeabia Charity , Osita Iwuoha Prince , Emmanuel Ajaegbu Ebuka
Published: May 2024

Commercial and industrial growth in cities generates hazardous waste, often disposed of in open dump sites, contaminating groundwater. Understanding pollutant movement and numerical models are crucial for effective water resource management. This study assessed hydrogeological dynamics and pollutant transfer in the Enyimba landfill site, Nigeria, using field surveys and contaminant modelling to understand groundwater quality and arsenic contamination spread. The research technique included field and laboratory experiments, as well as water sampling during both dry and wet seasons, to evaluate groundwater quality. The geochemical examination of groundwater samples revealed the amounts of several metals using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The study used contaminant transport modelling with Visual MODFLOW Flex 6.1 and MT3DMS software to simulate groundwater flow and solute transport within the aquifer layers. Predictive simulations over a 20-year timeframe demonstrated the progressive spread of arsenic pollution from the landfill, resulting in an ellipsoid-shaped plume stretching from its source. Arsenic levels have gradually increased, posing a serious threat to groundwater quality and human health. The research highlights the need for remedial measures to reduce groundwater pollution, including waste recovery and recycling facilities and geo-membrane use. It emphasizes proactive actions to protect groundwater supplies and promote environmental sustainability in the Enyimba landfill site.
On the development of the substantive form of the Russian verb (the problem of the verb aspect in -(e)nie, -tie word forms in the 18th–early 21st c.)
Authors: Demidov Dmitrii G. , Vlasov Sergei V.
Published: May 2024

The substantive form of the verb in the Russian language includes -nie, -enie, and -tie word forms. There is a historical tendency towards the grammaticalization of these formations. The category of aspect penetrates into their composition through the -yvanie forms, preserving the meaning of the imperfective aspect. Their productivity has been growing since the middle of the 18th c. by “waves,” reaching a maximum in 1761–1800, 1861–1880, 1921–1940, and 2001–2020. Half of the -yvanie forms are formed earlier than their pairs from the perfective verbs ending in -(e)nie and -tie which combine the meaning of both types; in the synchronously operating system, the aspectual pair is “completed.” With pure aspectual prefixes, po- and s-, the -yvanie forms are practically not formed. If the aspectual opposition does not add up at the stage of perfectivization, perfective prefix verbs easily form at the stage of imperfectivization their aspectual pair ending in -yvanie. Thus, the category of aspect penetrates into the system of the substantive form of the verb, enhancing the effect of this verbal category on the nominal forms of the verb.
Ontological ekphrasis Elena Shvarts’ poem “Memory of the Fresco of Fra Beato Angelico ‘Baptism’ at the Sight of the Head of John the Baptist in Rome”
Authors: Chertenko Ekaterina A.
Published: May 2024

Scientific interest in the problem of ekphrasis and the peculiarities of ekphrastic description has increased over the past decades. The article analyzes the ekphrastic poetics of E. Shvarts’ poem “Memory of Fra Beato Angelico’s fresco ‘Baptism’ at the sight of the head of John the Baptist in Rome”. The aim of this article is to identify the intermedial correlation of the verbal level with the visual level, revealing the ontological ekphrasis in this poem. The author of the article examined how the three levels of the image in the poem correlate in their ratio: artistic text, frescoes’ visual images, and symbolism (cultural codes). Ontological ekphrasis helps the poet find new ways to reveal traditional Christian themes. Visual images of the early Renaissance fresco acquire an ontological status in the text (dove, “rose,” gray color, water, fog, coal [fire], flower, river, blood, wine, relics [the head of John the Baptist], Lapis Niger, dawn). Through symbols and cultural codes, these images reveal the metaphysics of Baptism from a historical, cultural, and modern perspective, leaving the reader with options for interpretation. In the spirit of the early Renaissance artist himself, Shvarts ontologically recodes the medieval symbolism of Baptism, immersing it into thereality, perceiving Christian history as a struggle of life and death, culminating in the eschatological hope of the Second Coming of Christ. Fra Angelico turned out to be in tune with Shvarts precisely as an artist of the early Renaissance, in the painter’s movement of medieval mysticism to Renaissance ontologism and humanism.
The Influence of Landscape Composition on The Diversity and Abundance of Beetles in Rice Cultivation
Authors: Ruwaidah Nisa , Rizali Akhmad
Published: May 2024

The objectives of this study were to examine the characteristics of the landscape at each research site to examine the diversity, abundance, and composition of beetles; to examine the effect of management practices and habitat conditions, and to examine the relationship between landscape composition and beetle diversity and abundance at 14 research sites. The research was conducted from January 2022 to March 2022 in 14 rice farming locations spread across West Sumatra, Central Java, and East Java. Sampling was done by installing light traps at each location, mapping the landscape condition, and characterizing the landscape by conducting a ground survey at a radius of 500 m from the observation plot by recording various types of land use and then digitizing it with the QGIS application version 3.24.1. This study used analysis of variance and regression analysis. The results showed that plantations, agriculture, forests, and settlements dominated the land use types. The total number of beetles was 12,653, consisting of 10 families and 24 morphospecies. The cultivation method that influences the diversity of beetles is the application of fertilizer, while the landscape composition that affects species diversity is natural habitat and class area plantation.
5º Congresso Português de Building Information Modelling Volume 2
Authors: Azenha Miguel , Costa António Aguiar
Published: May 2024

Livro de atas do Congresso ptBIM 2024, onde se promove a discussão técnico-científica em língua Portuguesa da metodologia ‘Building Information Modelling’ (BIM), envolvendo a participação ativa das comunidades profissional e académica das áreas de Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção. Pretende-se enfatizar os problemas e esforços de implementação BIM no Ambiente Construído e reforçar as redes de profissionais que incorporam práticas BIM nas suas atividades. https://ptbim.org/
Investigating the Difference in Quality of Life Between Immediate and Delayed Breast Cancer Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: TSANTAKIS VLASIOS , DIMITROULIS DIMITRIOS A. , KONTZOGLOU KONSTANTINOS C. , NIKITEAS NIKOLAOS I.
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Immediate and delayed breast reconstruction remains a controversial topic. Apart from the clinical outcomes that have to be considered, there is a discrepancy of opinions regarding the potential differences in quality of life. It is essential to clarify this issue, in order to contribute to the reconstruction of the decision-making process. The aim of the study was to investigate potential differences in quality of life between immediate and delayed breast reconstruction patients. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out, searching for case-control studies that have comparatively examined the effects of delayed and immediate reconstruction on quality of life. A literature search was carried out using the Medline, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the STROBE checklist for case-control studies. Results: Three studies were found showing that immediate reconstruction led to benefits for the quality of life of patients, while one study showed the opposite. A relevant study revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups, while another study, showed that immediate reconstruction entailed short-term benefits to quality of life. Four of the studies had debatable methodological approaches. Conclusion: The inconsistent study findings cannot lead to any reliable conclusions regarding differences between immediate and delayed reconstruction in quality of life. It is possible that the results vary due to the time point that the comparisons made. Future research to this direction is warranted.
Risk Factors for Adverse Events of Nanoliposomal Irinotecan Plus 5-Fluorouracil and L-leucovorin
Authors: ITO TAKAHIRO , SUNO MANABU , EGAWA HIDEKI , HIRAOKA SERINA , KAMEI KOHEI , SANO SHOHEI , ASHIDA REIKO , KAWAI MANABU , MATSUBARA KAZUO
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: The regimen with nanoliposomal irinotecan plus 5-fluorouracil and L-leucovorin (nal-IRI/FL) is used for metastatic pancreatic cancer. A clinical study has indicated that the uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 polymorphism is associated with neutropenia during nal-IRI/FL treatment; however, no studies have reported risk factors for the occurrence of adverse events in the clinical setting. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for adverse events of nal-IRI/FL. Patients and Methods: This study included patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who started nal-IRI/FL treatment. Patient information, including laboratory data before nal-IRI/FL initiation and adverse events during nal-IRI/FL treatment, was retrospectively obtained from medical records. Results: This study consisted of 36 patients, including 16, 16, and 4 with UGT1A1*6 or *28 wild-type (–/–), heterozygous (+/–), and homozygous (+/+), respectively. Patients with UGT1A1*6 or *28 (+/+) exhibited significantly lower nadir counts of white blood cells (p=0.033) and neutrophils (p=0.043). Multiple regression analyses revealed that the decreased white blood cell count was significantly associated with the genotype of UGT1A1*6 or *28 (+/+) (p=0.009), high aspartate aminotransferase (AST) value before the therapy (p=0.019), and pancreatic head cancer (p=0.030). Also, the decreased neutrophil count was significantly related to the genotype of UGT1A1*6 or *28 (+/+) (p=0.017). Conclusion: Patients with UGT1A1*6 or *28 (+/+) should be especially concerned about neutropenia and leukopenia during nal-IRI/FL treatment. Additionally, high AST value and pancreatic head cancer may be risk factors for leukopenia during nal-IRI/FL treatment.
Laparoscopic Colectomy for Cecal Cancer and Intestinal Malrotation: A Case Report
Authors: MIZUMOTO RIE , MIYOSHI NORIKATSU , INOUE TERUO , NAKAGAWA SUMIKO , SEKIDO YUKI , HATA TSUYOSHI , HAMABE ATSUSHI , OGINO TAKAYUKI , TAKAHASHI HIDEKAZU , TEI MITSUYOSHI , KAGAWA YOSHINORI , UEMURA MAMORU , DOKI YUICHIRO , EGUCHI HIDETOSHI
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Intestinal malrotation (IM) often remains undetected until adulthood, being discovered during testing or surgery for other comorbidities. Preoperative understanding of this anatomical abnormality is crucial. Case Report: An 80-year-old woman presented with cecal cancer. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) revealed that the cecum was located at the midline of the abdominal cavity, the duodenum did not cross the midline, and the ileocolic vein ran to the left. Clinically diagnosed with stage IVc cecal cancer complicated by IM, the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery. The ascending colon and cecum were not fixed to the retroperitoneum. The duodenum lacked the second, third, and fourth portions and the small bowel was distributed on the left and right sides of the abdominal cavity. Adhesions had shortened the mesentery, which were released close to their normal positions. Conclusion: Although laparoscopic surgery is superior to open surgery in terms of securing the field of view in a narrow space, providing a magnifying effect, and minimal invasiveness, it has a limited field of view and is inferior in terms of grasping the overall anatomy, which may be disadvantageous in cases of anatomical abnormalities. Colorectal cancer with IM is rare; however, the rate of preoperative diagnosis seems to be increasing thanks to improvements in diagnostic imaging, such as three-dimensional CT scans. In this study, we also reviewed 49 cases of colorectal cancer associated with IM.
Radiological Cutoff Values for Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer With Multilevel Analysis
Authors: TODATE YUKITOSHI , TAKADA TOSHIHIKO , HONDA MICHITAKA , MIYAKAWA TEPPEI , YAMAMOTO RYUYA , TOSHIYAMA SATOSHI , NAKAO EIICHI , MASHIKO RYUTARO , KAKINUMA HIROHITO , KAWAMURA HIDETAKA , YAMAGUCHI HISASHI , TAKAGAWA YOSHIAKI , KONO KOJI
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: A cutoff value for lymph node diameter in colorectal cancer lymph node metastases has not been established. This prospective study aimed to investigate the direct association between swollen lymph nodes identified on preoperative computed tomography (CT) and pathological findings and proposed a cutoff value. Patients and Methods: We enrolled patients scheduled to undergo curative surgery with lymph node dissection for colorectal adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT and had swollen lymph nodes ≥7 mm in diameter. Two gastrointestinal surgeons intraoperatively identified the target lymph nodes to assess the association between lymph node diameter and pathological findings. The diagnostic performance for lymph node metastasis was determined using multi-level logistic modelling. Results: A total of 109 patients were enrolled, and 225 swollen lymph nodes were pathologically evaluated. Using a cutoff value of ≥9 mm for the short diameter, the positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity, and specificity were 100.0% (99.6%-100.0%), 99.9% (99.1%-100.0%), 62.0% (45.6%-76.0%), and 84.9% (67.0%-94.0%), respectively. Conclusion: The cutoff value for improving the positive predictive value for the preoperative lymph node metastasis diagnosis in colorectal cancer patients should be at least 9 mm in diameter.
أثر مؤشرات الاداء المالي في القيمة السوقية لأسهم عينة من المصارف التجارية في العراق للمدة (2010-2021)
Authors: Muhammed Maher Asaad Hamdi
Published: May 2024

لقد جاء هذا البحث  لمعرفة تأثير مؤشرات الأداء المالي على القيمة الاسمية لاسهم عينة من المصارف التجارية في العراق  ، وقد شملت عينة البحث كل من المصارف الاتية : ( بغداد ، التجاري العراقي ،الاهلي العراقي ، المنصور، الاستثمار العراقي ، الخليج ، الشرق الاوسط ،  ) للمدة 2010 -2021 ، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث واختبار فرضياته تم بناء انموذج انحدا خطي متعدد بين المتغيرات المستقلة (مؤشر صافي الربح ، ومعدل العائد على الموجودات للمصارف، العائد على حقوق الملكية للمصارف ، ومعدل العائد على الاسهم ) والقيمة الاسمية للاسهم كمتغير تابع  ، وتم استخدام  أسلوب بيانات السلاسل الزمنية المقطعية (Panel Data)  لدراسة العلاقة بين متغيرات البحث باستخدام برامج eviews-12. . وتوصل البحث الى عدد من الاستنتاجات اهمها  وجود علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة احصاية بين المتغيرات المستقلة والقيمة الاسمية للاسهم في المصارف عينة البحث فضلا عن وجود علاقات طويلة الاجل بين متغيرات البحث.
Technology Use Among Older Adults and Their Caregivers: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Lee Shinduk , Ory Marcia G , Vollmer Dahlke Deborah , Smith Matthew Lee
Published: May 2024

Background

Informal caregivers are called upon to provide substantial care, but more needs to be known about technology use among older adult and caregiver dyads.

Objective

This study described technology use among older adults and their caregivers, explored potential correlates of technology use, and highlighted implications for practice.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among unpaid caregivers of older adults (n=486). Primary outcomes were self-reported technology (devices and functions) use among caregivers and their oldest care recipient. The concordance of technology use among caregivers and care recipients was also examined. Multivariable regression models were conducted separately for caregivers and care recipients.

Results

Greater proportions of caregivers used all examined technologies, except for the medication alerts or tracking function, than care recipients. Caregivers used an average of 3.4 devices and 4.2 functions, compared to 1.8 devices and 1.6 functions used by their care recipients. Among caregivers, younger age, higher income, and higher education were associated with more technology use (P<.05). Among care recipients, younger age, not having cognitive dysfunction, and caregiver’s technology use were associated with more technology use (P<.05).

Conclusions

Understanding technology use patterns and device adoption across diverse caregiver and care recipient populations is increasingly important for enhancing geriatric care. Findings can guide recommendations about appropriate technology interventions and help providers communicate and share information more effectively with patients and their caregivers.
Development of a Subjective Visual Vertical Test System Using a Smartphone With Virtual Reality Goggles for Screening of Otolithic Dysfunction: Observational Study
Authors: Umibe Akiko , Fushiki Hiroaki , Tsunoda Reiko , Kuroda Tatsuaki , Kuroda Kazuhiro , Tanaka Yasuhiro
Published: May 2024

Background

The subjective visual vertical (SVV) test can evaluate otolith function and spatial awareness and is performed in dedicated vertigo centers using specialized equipment; however, it is not otherwise widely used because of the specific equipment and space requirements. An SVV test smartphone app was developed to easily perform assessments in outpatient facilities.

Objective

This study aimed to verify whether the SVV test smartphone app with commercially available virtual reality goggles can be used in a clinical setting.

Methods

The reference range was calculated for 15 healthy participants. We included 14 adult patients with unilateral vestibular neuritis, sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo, and Meniere disease and investigated the correlation between the SVV test results and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) results.

Results

The SVV reference range of healthy participants for the sitting front-facing position was small, ranging from –2.6º to 2.3º. Among the 14 patients, 6 (43%) exceeded the reference range for healthy participants. The SVV of patients with vestibular neuritis and sudden sensorineural hearing loss tended to deviate to the affected side. A total of 9 (64%) had abnormal cervical VEMP (cVEMP) values and 6 (43%) had abnormal ocular VEMP (oVEMP) values. No significant difference was found between the presence or absence of abnormal SVV values and the presence or absence of abnormal cVEMP and oVEMP values; however, the odds ratios (ORs) suggested a higher likelihood of abnormal SVV values among those with abnormal cVEMP and oVEMP responses (OR 2.40, 95% CI 0.18-32.88; P>.99; and OR 2, 95% CI 0.90-4.45; P=.46, respectively).

Conclusions

The SVV app can be used anywhere and in a short period while reducing directional bias by using virtual reality goggles, thus making it highly versatile and useful as a practical otolith dysfunction screening tool.
The Impact of Food Desert Residence on Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Results from a Single Center Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hill Alison , Li Karen , Lava Christian , Evans Karen
Published: May 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic and debilitating skin condition associated with several comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and smoking. Despite these known associations, the relationship between HS and environmental factors remains poorly understood. Food deserts (FD), defined as limited access to nutritious food in low-income communities, is a possible contributing factor. In this study, we evaluated the impact of living in food deserts (FD) on the prevalence of patients with HS seen in our wound clinic. We conducted a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with HS who were seen at our institutional wound clinic from 2014 to 2024. Zip codes of patients were collected, and their residence in a FD was determined using the U.S. Department of Agriculture Adult Food Security Survey criteria. Demographic data, including socioeconomic variables, patient comorbidities, HS characteristics, and Hurley Stages were also collected. Among 191 patients with HS, the median age was 40 years old, with a median body mass index of 31.1 kg/m2, and 72.3% were female. Overall, 36.6% (n=70) of the patients resided in a FD. A significant difference in race (p=0.01) was observed between patients living in a FD and those who did not. Patients in a FD had significantly lower median household incomes ($71,964 vs. $101,434, p<0.001), and received fewer immunologic treatments for HS (14.3% vs. 27.3%, p=0.038). Other demographic variables including obesity class, diabetes, smoking, or insurance type were not significant between the two cohorts. Overall, 51.8% of patients experienced HS in multiple locations, which did not differ between FD and non-FD cohorts. There were no significant differences in Hurley Stages between the two groups (p=0.583). In our study, the residence of patients with HS living in food deserts was significantly associated with race and median income, but did not have any significant differences in HS outcomes. While food deserts may be a valuable indicator of socioeconomic status for patients with HS, our study did not find a significant impact of FD on the pathophysiology of HS.
КАК ПРОТИВОСТОЯТЬ ГРЯДУЩИМ УГРОЗАМ ВЗЛОМА КРИПТОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Шаховой Р. , Лосев А.
Published: May 2024

Рассказывают руководитель научной группы компании QRate Р. А. Шаховой и руководитель отдела разработки ДОФ компании QRate А. В. Лосев
Un reto contemporáneo: la disciplina infantil libre de violencia
Authors: Acevedo Alemán Jesús , Castro Laura Karina , De León Alvarado César Arnulfo
Published: May 2024

Año con año la violencia contra los niños se ha incrementado exponencialmente, diversificándose dichas prácticas, que pueden ir desde el abandono, agresiones físicas, explotación sexual o comercial (Procuradurías de la Defensa del Menor y la Familia, 2015). En tal sentido, en el 2015 la UNICEF (2015) estimó que en México el 62% de los niños y niñas han sufrido maltrato en algún momento de su vida, indicando además que el 10.1% de los estudiantes de nivel básico han padecido algún tipo de agresión física en la escuela, 5.5% ha sido víctima de violencia de sexual y un 16.6% de violencia emocional. Asimismo, reconoce que aún existe una cifra oculta e invisible ante las prácticas de disciplina infantil que se ejercen dentro de los hogares y que se materializan a través de prácticas de castigo. Bajo dicho orden de ideas, se circunscribe el presente texto, en el cual se ofrecen argumentos relacionados con los principales retos de las prácticas de crianza infantil libre de violencia; donde el maltrato/castigo infantil continúan representando todo un desafío para los diferentes actores, como las propias familias, los profesionales y los diseñadores de las políticas públicas. Reflexiones que pretenden contribuir en la generación de estudios y propuestas vinculadas directamente al fortalecimiento de políticas sociales relacionadas con la defensa de los derechos de los niños, niñas y jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad, particularmente víctimas de violencia en cualquiera de sus formas; con impacto directo en el diseño de estrategias que permitan mejorar las acciones de los distintos actores sociales involucrados en la atención de las necesidades y problemáticas de dicho segmento de la población. Para ello, se exponen argumentos, reflexiones y recomendaciones encaminadas hacia las prácticas de crianza sin violencia.
Trabajo social y territorios. La vigencia de los estudios situados territorialmente, el caso de las comunidades triqui en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Cuevas Durán Consuelo Esther
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo argumenta la importancia de la categoría “territorio” para situar con especificidad los objetos de intervención de los grupos de práctica escolar de Trabajo Social. Aporta tanto elementos conceptuales, como experiencias de los alumnos que cursan la práctica de intervención regional. Ofrece algunas descripciones de los territorios, así como las configuraciones multiterritoriales que crean las y los sujetos triqui residentes en la Ciudad de México.
A Study of the Role of Mass Media in the Development of Society in Sudan: A Case Study
Authors: Angui Nyimeda Deng Macham
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The broad communications assumes a vital part in shaping social orders around the world, impacting social standards, spreading data, and encouraging financial turn of events. In Sudan, a country with a rich social legacy and a background marked by political unrest, the job of broad communications turns out to be considerably more critical. This theoretical digs into the diverse commitments of broad communications to the advancement of Sudanese society. Broad communications fills in as an imperative stage for data scattering, offering residents admittance to news, current issues, and instructive substance (Adam, A. (2018). In a different and geologically scattered country like Sudan, where ignorance rates stay high and admittance to formal training is restricted, broad communications overcomes any barrier in information dispersal. Through papers, radio, TV, and progressively advanced stages, residents gain consciousness of public arrangements, formative drives, wellbeing efforts, and socio-widespread developments. Writers and media specialists frequently assume an essential part in uncovering debasement, unfairness, and common liberties infringement, in this way considering specialists responsible and driving cultural advancement. The job of broad communications in Sudan isn't without challenges. Restriction, government control, and administrative limitations frequently thwart media opportunity and pluralism, smothering the variety of perspectives and hindering the media's capacity to satisfy its formative job successfully (Khalil, A. M. (2017). Moreover. In any case, tending to the difficulties of media opportunity, access, and pluralism is basic to bridling the maximum capacity of broad communications in driving feasible turn of events and cultural advancement in Sudan.
Multilingual Video Viewing Subtitle to Audio Translator
Authors: Sushil Namya
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The research outlines an innovative approach to translate and synthesize audio content from English to any language, enhancing accessibility and knowledge acquisition for diverse linguistic communities. It focuses on improving language comprehension among various groups in India, particularly aiding visually impaired individuals. The approach incorporates Hugging Face Transformers for more precise language translation alongside Google Text-to-Speech for audio conversion. Additionally, Pydub and FFmpeg commands efficiently handle audio processing tasks, while Pytube facilitates YouTube video downloads. The system includes a subtitle generation feature that synchronizes subtitles with translated audio chunks, offering a comprehensive multilingual viewing experience. This implementation emphasizes language translation, audio manipulation, video processing, and subtitle generation functionalities, all integrated with robust error handling and multithreading capabilities. This showcases significant progress in accessible andmultilingual content delivery, reaffirming our commitment to inclusive knowledge dissemination and communication.
Minimal-noise estimation of noncommuting rotations of a spin
Authors: Czartowski Jakub , Życzkowski Karol , Braun Daniel
Published: May 2024

We propose an analogue of SU(1,1) interferometry to measure rotation of a spin by using two-spin squeezed states. Attainability of the Heisenberg limit for the estimation of the rotation angle is demonstrated for maximal squeezing. For a specific direction and strength an advantage in sensitivity for all equatorial rotation axes (and hence non-commuting rotations) over the classical bound is shown in terms of quadratic scaling of the single-parameter quantum Fisher information for the corresponding rotation angles. Our results provide a method for measuring magnetic fields in any direction in the x-y-plane with the same optimized initial state.
Enfrentamento do burnout em preceptores e residentes de medicina: explorando estratégias
Authors: Grunewald Sabrine Teixeira Ferraz
Published: May 2024

Burnout syndrome comprises symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a diminished sense of achievement,associated with stressful work environments. Medical residents and preceptors are at a high risk for the emergence of burnout. This study aimed to review institutional and individual strategies for addressing burnout in this population. It is an integrative review, with data collected from the PubMed database. Among organizational strategies, emphasis is placed on modifying work processes, organizing professional demands, improving communication, encouraging professional development, and establishing support services to prevent and manage burnout. From an individual perspective, healthy habits, spiritual pursuits, dedication to hobbies, meditation, and coping are highlighted. Burnout is an emerging mental health issue in residents and preceptors, necessitating the active involvement of institutions and professionals in the diagnosis and management of this condition.