bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Microfinance Risks: Some Observations and Suggestions
Authors:   Asian Development Bank, Fernando Nimal
Published: February 2023

Risk is an integral part of financial intermediation. Hence, risk management must be at the heart of finance. However, it is disturbing to note that systematic risk management is still not as widespread as it should be in the microfinance industry. Except for a few flagship microfinance institutions (MFIs), which constitute the core of the industry, most MFIs do not pay adequate attention to systematic risk management. The microfinance industry has grown rapidly during the last decade in breadth, depth, and scope of outreach. The rapid growth seems to continue, given the massive unserved and underserved market. The growth of the industry has changed the risk profile of MFIs. Yet many MFIs seem to continue to seek growth without much attention to attendant risks. Surprisingly, many MFIs appear to neglect even the basic credit risk management which helped MFIs achieve high growth rates historically. The growing interest of many MFIs in agricultural microfinance must be seen in the broader context of risk management in the industry. Financing agriculture is more risky than financing trade or industry; it is also more risky than financing nonagricultural microenterprises. However, MFIs interested in agricultural microfinance should be more concerned about their internal structures and capabilities rather than the widely discussed, and often cited, pervasive risks in agriculture and their ramifications for the MFIs' pursuit of growth in agricultural microfinance. MFIs should recognize the inherent risks in agriculture. However, if they build their institutional capacity to effectively deal with risks generally associated with financial services for poor and lowincome households, their prospects for success in agricultural microfinance would certainly be much brighter. In addition, no amount of sophisticated and modern technical tools and analysis can help achieve effective risk management in respect of nonagricultural or agricultural microfinance if risk management is not embedded into the institutional culture and its value is not shared by all employees. Achieving this goal remains one of the most challenging tasks in risk management which MFIs need to address. To help in this effort, we need to bring into the discussion—now dominated largely by issues related to introducing sophisticated systems and technical tools of risk management—the institutional cultural issues and issues related to cognitive biases in executive decision-making behavior.
The Impact of Integrated Pest Management Technology on Insecticide Use in Soybean Farming in Java, Indonesia: Two Models of Demand for Insecticides
Authors:   Faculty of Economics, University of Pancasakti, Indonesia, Mariyono Joko
Published: February 2023

This study aims to estimate the demand for insecticides in soybean farms in Java, Indonesia, and to analyze the impact of the integrated pest management (IPM) technology on insecticide use. It uses aggregate cross-section time series data during the period 1990-1998, when the IPM technology was disseminated in Indonesia. By using recursive and simultaneous equation models, it estimates the impact of the IPM technology on the demand for insecticides. The study finds that the IPM technology has reduced significantly the use of insecticides in soybean farming.
Exploratory Study on Selected Philippine Agricultural Commodity Import Statistics vis-à-vis Export Statistics of the Exporting Countries
Authors:   National Statistics Office, Cubinar Gloria , DeGuzman Estela ,   National Statistics Office
Published: February 2023

Using the import data compiled by the Philippines and comparing these with data as reported by the exporting countries, this study aims to determine the disparity of the statistics from the two sources on the quantity and value of selected agricultural commodities for the years 2000 to 2005. The products covered by this study consist of wholly or semi-milled rice, maize (corn), live poultry, domestic fowls, ducks, geese, frozen meat of bovine animals, apples, oranges, onions and shallots, and garlic. The differences in statistics on the bilateral transactions (in terms of FOB values, quantities, and derived unit prices) are examined by using percentage differences, the implicit minimal measurement error (IMME), and the Wilcoxon Matched-Pair Signed-Ranks (Wilcoxon-MPSR) test. Results show that considerable discrepancies between import and export statistics do exist. The discrepancy may reflect both legitimate conceptual differences between Philippine imports and exports statistics of the exporting countries, as well as errors in reporting. The discrepancy is further substantiated by the results of the Wilcoxon-MPSR test, which show that these differences are significant.
Social Capital and the Local Food Movement in Japan: The Case of the Chiba Prefecture
Authors:   Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Yokoyama Shigeki , Sakurai Seiichi ,   Chiba University, Japan
Published: February 2023

This study investigates the relationship between social capital and local food movements in rural Japan, with the latter factor markedly leaning towards the goal, "Local Production for Local Consumption" (LPLC). Promoted by the central and local governments in Japan since the 1990s, LPLC was envisioned to increase food self-sufficiency, revitalize rural communities, address consumers' food safety concerns, and provide food education. A structured interview survey is conducted on 56 agricultural communities in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. The social capital indicators used represent both the structural and cognitive types of social capital. The scores measuring the level of social capital are compared against the presence or absence of LPLC activity in the household. The data collected yield several important findings. First, structural social capital at the community level contributes to both profit-oriented activities and socially oriented voluntary community activities. Second, structural social capital at the household level affects LPLC activities in various ways. The higher the farmers' level of participation in local social groups, the more actively they sell their products at farmers' markets. In contrast, the personal networks of those farmers who run agritourism tend to be limited within the same communities. Third, cognitive social capital at the household level indicates no particular relevance with LPLC activities.
Price Dynamics and Cointegration in the Major Markets of Aquaculture Species in the Philippines
Authors:   College of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines Los Banos, Garcia Yolanda , Salayo Nerissa ,   Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Philippines
Published: February 2023

This study explores the interdependencies of aquaculture markets in the Philippines by establishing the price cointegration between the wholesale and retail prices of three major species commonly farmed in the country, i.e., milkfish, tilapia, and shrimp. The co-movements of wholesale prices between and among key markets for each species are also investigated. Moreover, exogeneity in prices is established using the Granger-causation model to determine the existence of price leaders among these markets. These information are crucial because they may provide a better understanding of the efficiency in price formation across production and consumption centers. Thus, aquaculture producers and traders may use these information as basis for more efficient farm management and marketing decisions. Appropriate policies for the development of markets for the three aquaculture species are also identified in this study. Such policies are expected to contribute towards more efficient pricing and distribution of benefits among market players and stakeholders. These benefits are expected to manifest through the system of grading standards for fish traded in local markets, and the choice of cost-effective technologies in grow-out and post-production practices.
International Best Practice in Food Policy: Reflections on Food Policy Analysis
Authors:   Thomas D. Cabot Emeritus Professor of Development Studies, Harvard University, USA, Timmer C. Peter
Published: February 2023

It has been more than 25 years since Food Policy Analysis (Timmer et al. 1983) was published, and more than 30 years since the initial outline for the book was circulated among the authors. It is fair to say that the volume has been very influential in the way food policy issues have been looked at, and it remains in use as a textbook for a number of university courses2. Its academic success is a bit surprising because the target audience was not primarily university faculty (for whom the book seemed too simplistic in methodology and too anecdotal in presentation). Instead, it was mainly aimed at practitioners, an ill-defined group of analysts in need of an understanding of how a complicated and interconnected food system actually works. Training these practitioners was the main mission of the book.
Institutional Arrangements in Seasonal Floodplain Management under Community-based Aquaculture in Bangladesh
Authors:   WorldFish Center, Bangladesh and South Asia, Haque A.B.M. Mahfuzul , Visser Leontine ,   Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands, Dey Madan ,   University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff
Published: February 2023

Seasonal floodplains under private and public ownership in the Indo-Ganges river basin provide food and income for millions of people in Bangladesh. Floodplain ownership regimes are diverse, covering the whole spectrum from public to private ownership. The paper compares community-based fish culture projects in these floodplains and analyzes the institutional arrangements of three different Floodplain Management Committees (FMC). The paper aimed to understand the complex institutional relations that govern ownership, access, and control of the floodplains under community-based fish culture (CBFC) to increase fish production and the livelihoods of the poor. We followed the stakeholders representing the various institutions and organizations such as the Department of Fisheries (DoF), Department of Land (DoL), and FMC. Other important stakeholders were the lease-holders of public water bodies in the floodplains, private landowners, seasonal, and professional fishers. The analysis demonstrates a significant increase of benefits to all stakeholders, including the poor, through the sharing of benefits derived from their involvement in the project. The willingness of different social classes to work together, the adoption of new technologies, and the societal embeddedness of local government institutions appear to be important inputs for policy making.
Progress of Mongolian Microfinance: A Case Study of Khan Bank and XacBank
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Tokyo, Dulamragchaa Orosoo , Izumida Yoichi ,   University of Tokyo
Published: February 2023

This paper examines the activities of Mongolian financial intermediation and the factors influencing the progress of Mongolian microfinance. These were evaluated using data from household surveys in selected areas, financial statements of Khan Bank and XacBank, and information obtained from interviews with officers of said banks. The analysis found that the performance of these two banks improved significantly. Moreover, Mongolian microfinance advanced as innovative methods were introduced. The new concept of collateral is considered the most important development. Loans secured using various kinds of collateral and guarantee are effective in heightening loan recovery in Mongolian microfinance.
Trends in India's Agricultural Growth and Its Determinants
Authors:   Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC), Kannan Elumalai
Published: February 2023

The present study discusses the trends in crop sector growth at national and sub-national levels in India. Data on important variables such as area, production, input use, and value of output were compiled for the periods 1967-1968 to 2007-2008 from published sources. The analysis reveals that the cropping pattern in India has changed significantly over time, with a marked shift from the cultivation of foodgrains to commercial crops. Among foodgrains, the area planted to coarse cereals that is generally cultivated in dry regions declined by 13.3 percent between triennium ending (TE) 1970-1971 and TE 2007-2008. Similarly, the performance of pulses in terms of area and output was not impressive during the study period and the technological breakthrough witnessed in other crops was not conspicuous in pulses. Nevertheless, increase in crop yield has been a major factor in accelerating crop production in the country since the late 1960s. Modern varieties, irrigation, and fertilizers were the important contributors of higher growth in crop production. However, technology and institutional support for a few crops such as rice and wheat have changed crop area and output composition significantly in some regions. The results of the crop output growth model indicate that enhanced capital formation, better irrigation facilities, normal rainfall, and improved fertilizer consumption will help increase crop output in the country.
The Spatial Integration of Vegetable Markets in Nepal
Authors:   Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, India, Mishra Rojani , Kumar Anil ,   Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, India
Published: February 2023

This paper analyzes the spatial integration of vegetable markets in Nepal using weekly wholesale price and retail price data for three years. The maximum likelihood method of cointegration developed by Johansen (1988) was used in the study, which specifically examines if inter-regional vegetable markets are integrated and linked together into a single economic market. The dynamics of short-run price responses were examined using the vector error correction model (VECM). The results indicated that the higher the perishability, the lesser the integration was among wholesale markets and among retail markets of different vegetables. By examining the short-run price adjustment, it was found that almost all vegetable markets reacted on the long-run cointegrating equations while the speed of price adjustment in the short-run was almost absent. Moreover, it was found that the longer the distance between markets, the weaker the integration was. To increase the efficiency of vegetable markets in Nepal, there is a need to focus on building an improved market information system. This system should be able to disseminate timely market information about price, demand, and supply of products to enable producers, traders, and consumers to make proper production and marketing decisions.
The Dynamics and Potentials of Asian Agro-Food Marketing
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sulaiman Jamalludin
Published: February 2023

This paper attempts to look at the dynamics and perhaps the complexities of agro-food marketing in Asia. It is based on my observations and readings on the topic. As such, it is not strictly a scientific paper. It ends with my impressions on the potentials of agro-food marketing and some possible policy directions that can be inferred from the discussion. A little caveat before I proceed. This paper cannot really do much justice on the topic of Asian agro-food because Asia is a big continent, comprising 44 countries and stretching over 10 time zones. The region speaks five major languages: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Hindi, and Javanese, although English is widely spoken in many parts. No one country can represent Asia; all countries have little in common except their geographic proximity. Perhaps, the commonalities depend on how each Asian country relates to the various phenomena observable vis-a-vis their own agro-food marketing practices.
Ex-ante Impact of Direct Seeding of Rice as an Alternative to Transplanting Rice in the Indo-Gangetic Plain
Authors:   International Rice Research Institute, Malabayabas Arelene Julia , Templeton Debbie ,   Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Singh Pratibha ,   G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology
Published: February 2023

This study assessed the economic impacts of direct seeding of rice as an alternative crop establishment method for farmers in rice-wheat systems in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar, India. Specifically, it examined the changes in farmersâ€™ inputs (labor and materials) and level of productivity and incomes between direct-seeded (DSR) and transplanted (TPR) rice, and measured the economic returns on investment in direct seeding. Analyses included comparison of means, cost and return, and economic surplus framework. The average yield of DSR across sample farms in all three states was 5 percent lower than that of TPR. On the other hand, wheat yield increased by 9 percent after adopting DSR. The net present values (NPVs) of direct seeding in rice-wheat systems in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar were USD 41 million, USD 32 million, and USD 44 million, respectively. The corresponding benefit-cost ratios were estimated at 46, 36, and 50. The NPVs of direct seeding in rice production alone in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar were USD 33 million, USD 23 million, and USD 31 million, respectively. Hence, the greater proportion of benefits from DSR adoption was derived from the change in rice production. In sum, DSR is a profitable option in rice-wheat systems and is appropriate for diffusion.
GAME SEJARAH UMRI SEBAGAI MEDIA PENGENALAN UMRI BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Mukhtar Harun , Zikri Jum’atul , Unik Mitra
Published: February 2023

Muhammadiyah Riau University (UMRI) is one of private University on Riau – Pekanbaru. A University which is one of the business charities of Muhammadiyah Indonesia. To maintain the historical value of UMRI requires an interesting media to keep Umri citizen in particular keep in mind the history of UMRI development. for that made an interactive game that is able to tell the history of development of UMRI. In the development of this game used MDLC as a method in the development of interactive games. For the development of this game is used Unity as Game editor. With this game the history of UMRI development can be known by the public.
PREDIKSI PRODUKSI ROTI COKLAT BERDASARKAN DATA TRENDS GOOGLE MENGGUNAKAN METODE DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING
Authors: Asrianto Rudy , Anggraini Yanna
Published: February 2023

To win the competition in the market, it requires the ability of a professional company manager to be able to meet market demand in an appropriate amount by paying attention to the inventory of goods so that they can get maximum profit. But the production process that occurs at Rotte Bakery is erratic every day which only relies on demand estimates, causing shortages and advantages in each production. Therefore, predictions are needed to make the right decisions in predicting the amount of production that will be produced in the following year. The data used are historical data on brown bread sales at Rotte Bakery for the period 2018-2020 and search data for brown bread in Riau for the period 2018-2020 (Google Trend). The results obtained from this study are the results of the analysis of the exponential method to obtain predictive information and the level of accuracy with MAPE to find the smallest error
Penerapan Algoritma Electre Sebagai Pendukung Keputusan Kasus Pengangkatan Guru Tetap
Authors: Fuad Evans , Susticha Lysa , Mualfah Desti
Published: February 2023

Assessment, evaluation and awarding can be carried out aimed at spurring the performance of teachers in the teaching and learning process so as to improve teacher achievement, the assessment is carried out to obtain honorary teachers who excel who will then be appointed as permanent teachers. The mechanism for appointing permanent teachers at the Muhammadiyah 3 Pekanbaru foundation, namely the Principal submits a list of names of teachers who will be recommended to be appointed as permanent teachers for thefoundation to the Head of PDM Education and Culture Pekanbaru City. The evaluation process for the appointment of permanent teachers at the foundation takes a very long time, then when checking and giving a value to the form provided with this process, itis feared that there will be a subjective assessment or the possibility of errors in writing numbers. The assessment criteria applied to the appointment of permanent teachers consist of years of service, PKP value, achievement, age. The author builds a decision support system using the Elimination and Choice Translation Reality method. In an effort to objectively determine to become a permanent teacher, this selection of permanent teachers will be very useful in motivating teachers to work well.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN BEDAK DINGIN EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% HERBA SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Sofi Nurmay Stiani  , Agnes Syafera  , Afifah Nur Shobah
Published: February 2023

Jerawat muncul ketika terjadi penyumbatan folikel polisebasea yang menyebabkan sebum terhambat untuk keluar dan mengalami inflamasi. Peradangan dapat disebabkan salah satunya oleh bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Ekstrak etanol herba seledri diketahui memiliki senyawa fitokimia yaitu alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, dan tanin yang memiliki efek sebagai antibakteri. Untuk kemudahan aplikasi saat pengobatan jerawat dari ekstrak etanol 96% herba seledri diformulasikan menjadi bedak dingin yang praktis dalam penggunaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan sediaan bedak dingin ekstrak etanol 96%  herba seledri, dengan variasi konsentrasi untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri sediaan bedak dingin untuk mengatasi bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Riset ini adalah riset laboratorium menggunakan 3 kelompok uji dan 3 kelompok untuk kontrol. Perlakukan dari konsentrasi 22,5%; 33,75%; 45% dan kontrol negatif adalah basis bedak dingin, clindamycin dan kontrol positif (bedak bermerek). Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer dan diamati diameter zona hambat. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa bedak dingin sesuai dengan persyaratan uji homogenitas, uji pH (4,5-6,5), uji kadar air ?10%, stabilitas pada F 1 dan F2, namun untuk F3 pada uji stabilitas tidak masuk dalam persyaratan karena mengalami perubahan warna. Uji aktivitas antibakteri bedak dingin ekstrak etanol herba seledri dengan konsentrasi 22,5% memiliki rata-rata diameter zona hambat 16,5 mm, konsentrasi 33,75% yaitu 2,5 mm dan konsentrasi 45% tidak ada zona hambat. Penelitian ini menujukkan ekstrak etanol etanol 96% herba seledri (Apium graveolens L.) dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan bedak dingin dengan variasi konsentrasi, sediaan bedak dingin ekstrak etanol 96% herba seledri (Apium graveolens. L) pada konsentrasi 22,5% yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes ...
Translanguaged discourses of Bemba and English: The mobility and mixing of languages in a multilingual space
Authors: Simungala Gabriel , Jimaima Hambaba , Namatama Bronah Katundu
Published: February 2023

Couched within the overarching framework of translanguaging, this paper attempts to show the real-life language practices of social actors away from the dominant narratives of translanguaging in bilingual education. Predicated on the mixing and mobility of languages across time and space, the paper uses casual conversations from two multilingual spaces, a university campus, and a marketplace. Firstly, the paper shows the mixing of the English language and Bemba, a widely spoken indigenous language in Zambia while arguing that the Bemba-English translanguaged discourses provide evidence for the mobility and the disembodiment of language and locality. Secondly, the paper argues that the spread and circulation of Bemba in multiple localities should be seen as the mobility of bits and pieces -and/or resources akin to urbanity and hybridity. The paper concludes by bringing into the spotlight the dynamics of the Bemba-English translanguaged discourses in which morphemes as semiotic resources create new lexical items which destabilize expected linguistic norms and boundaries.
35 Aves fáciles de observar en Albacete
Authors: Picazo Talavera Juan , Tendero López Pepa
Published: February 2023

Esta pequeña guía de aves comunes es una invitación para conocer a esos vecinos próximos, que habitualmente pasan desapercibidos. Discretos o de vistosos colores, unas veces ruidosos y otras melodiosos, pero siempre alegres. Las aves de ciudades, pueblos y sus alrededores son una buena excusa para retomar el contacto con la Naturaleza que perdimos al hacernos urbanos.
ASSESSMENT OF NOISE IMPACT OF AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS AROUND PODGORICA AIRPORT
Authors: Lukačević Nikola , Ganić Emir , Mirković Bojana
Published: February 2023

Abstract:This paper analyses impact of aircraft noise on community around Podgorica Airport, Montenegro. The airport is located 12 km from the city centre of the Montenegro capital, Podgorica. It served 1.3 million passengers and 7.5 thousand operations in 2019. The noise impact assessment is conducted in IMPACT web-based modelling platform using the distribution of operations by aircraft types, time of the day, and radar tracks for the busiest day (August 15) in 2019. Noise contours are assessed for Lden and Lnight indicators. They were merged with the Global Human Settlement Layer to assess the number of people exposed to different noise levels. In addition, based on the World Health Organization recommended exposure levels related to their health implications, the percentages of the population highly annoyed and highly sleep-disturbed are estimated. Furthermore, facilities of public importance (schools, hospitals, churches, etc.) are assessed against compatibility with the requirements set for the Zones with increased noise protection in national regulations. The results show that the exposure of community around Podgorica Airport to aircraft noise is still not a serious issue. The near vicinity of the airport is industrial zone and the number of people highly annoyed by noise is approximately 3.2% of the total city population. Nevertheless, it is crucial to draw attention to planners to preserve airport neighbourhood from potential inhabiting, to avoid problems that some airports in the region are facing nowadays.
THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY TO REDUCING ENERGY USE IN LARGE COMMERCIAL U.S. AIRPORT BUILDINGS THROUGH LEADERSHIP IN ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (LEED) CERTIFICATION
Authors: Kauffman John
Published: February 2023

There is a growing movement in the U.S. (e.g., airports) to obtaining LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification to reduce energy use. LEED advocates assert, on average, 25% less energy used by LEED-certified buildings compared to conventional commercial buildings. In the absence of studies regarding large U.S. LEED commercial airport buildings, a systematic quantitative review, content analysis and SWOT was performed to determine the economic feasibility of reducing energy use in airport buildings. A systematic quantitative literature review, combined with a comparison of LEED cost-benefit studies, and LEED certification objectives - to - airport facility energy requirements and U.S. government energy reduction initiatives was performed. Positive and negative (Pro/Cons) energy reduction findings were catalogued, charted, and analyzed. The findings from 1) LEED commercial building studies, 2) the LEED cost-benefit studies, and 3) the comparison of LEED certification program to large commercial U.S. airport energy requirements and trends were synthesized using a SWOT analysis. In aggregate, there was negligible correlation between commercial U.S. building LEED certification levels and energy use reduction. In spite of noteworthy findings regarding on-site energy reductions, there was insufficient evidence to suggest LEED reduced overall (site and source) energy use. Therefore, little evidence supports the cost-effectiveness and economic feasibility to reducing energy use simply through the LEED certification process. This study presents the pros and cons in applying LEED certification to reducing energy use in commercial airport buildings.
Journalistische Sorgfalt: Rechtliche und medienethische Anforderungen
Authors: Camenisch Nora
Published: February 2023

Journalismus kann Vieles. Er kann aufklären, aufdecken und hinterfragen. Er kann Meinungen bilden. Mit anderen Worten hat Journalismus eine gewisse Macht. Mit dieser Macht geht eine grosse Verantwortung einher, denn Journalismus kann Grenzen überschreiten und namentlich das Ansehen einer Person, die Unschuldsvermutung oder auch die freie Meinungsbildung des Publikums verletzen. In diesem Spannungsfeld spielen journalistische Sorgfaltspflichten eine zentrale Rolle. Nora Camenisch hat die Sorgfaltspflichten, die sich aus der Rechtsprechung sowie aus der Spruchpraxis des Presserats ergeben, vertieft untersucht und einander gegenübergestellt. Sie zeigt in ihrer Dissertation auf, wo sich die Anforderungen decken und wo sie auseinandergehen. Diese Erkenntnisse münden schliesslich in einer Checkliste für sorgfältiges Arbeiten.
A Study on the Occupational Stress Experienced by Single Parents with Reference to Select Professions
Authors: Harold Dr. Sabina Rachel , Kiranm Katta
Published: February 2023

Over the past 20 years, single-parent families have become even more common than the so-called "nuclear family" consisting of a mother, father, and children. Today we see all sorts of single-parent families: headed by either the mother or the father, raising their children. Individuals of all ages experience stress, but single parents are particularly vulnerable. Single parents often complain that they have too much to do, not enough time, and not enough money to maintain themselves and their families. As a consequence of a life-altering catastrophe, such as death or divorce/separation, single parents confront extra difficulties as they cope with the painful emotions that are often associated with such an occurrence.
General health Status and Tridosha analysis of urban high-risk Diabetes after 3-month Diabetes Yoga Protocol: a pilot study
Authors: Maity Kalyan , Kaur Navneet , Malik Rakesh , Singh Gurmeet , Malik Neeru
Published: February 2023

Background and Purpose: Stress and anxiety have been closely related with insulin resistance, early appearance of diabetes and enhanced diabetes progression. Stress and anxiety also have negative effect on patients’ general health status and quality of life. In earlier study Yoga has been proven as an effective intervention for prevention, treatment, risk reduction of diabetes, and prevent conversion from prediabetes to diabetes and reduce diabetes complication. The present study was aimed to identify the diabetes high risk population and to analyze the effect of 3-month DYP on General health, anxiety, quality of life and Tridosha in urban high risk for diabetes population. Method: Total 12 participants were selected for present study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria and screened through IDRS scale. Five participant were included in the study based on IDRS score (?60). General health, quality of life, State and Trait Anxiety and Tridosha were measured at baseline and after 3 months of Diabetes Yoga Protocol by self-administrated questionnaire. Result: Results showed significant reduction in STAI (p = .001***) and significant improvement in GHQ-12 (p = 0.022*), Physical health (p = 0.018*), Psychological health (p = 0.000***), Environment (p = 0.000***), Total WHOQOL (p = 0.001***), Vata (p = 0.007**), Pitta (p = 0.032*) and total Tridosha (p = 0.002**) score after 3-month of DYP. Conclusion: DYP may helpful for general health, quality of life and reduce anxiety level and Tridosha score in urban high risk for Diabetic population.
Investigating the mitigating role of mind body intervention on glycemic control in prediabetes: A case report
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Maity Kalyan , Malik Rakesh , Ahuja Shweta , Singh Gurmeet , Dhiman Sarika , Sharma Kiran , Malik Neeru
Published: February 2023

In the present case study, the case of a high-risk female participant for diabetes was presented. She is a resident of Dhanas colony, Chandigarh, India. The mapping of risk status for diabetes was done through the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) in the participant. She was found to be at high risk for diabetes with a risk score of 60. She joined the Yoga camp organized in the Village Dhanas, Chandigarh. The Diabetic Yoga Protocol (DYP), mainly developed for prediabetics, was given to the participant for 12 weeks. The glycated haemoglbin (HbA1c) was considered the guiding criteria for determining the glycemic threshold for prediabetes. The participant’s HbA1c level was 5.8% at baseline, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) was 93 mg/dl. After the 12 weeks of DYP intervention, a significant decline in the HbA1c (5.3%) and FBG (76.9 mg/dl) levels were seen. The present case report supports the efficacy of DYP as an efficient, secure, and cost-effective in reversing prediabetes into normal by ameliorating the glycemic indices.
Coronavirus: Reflections of a Layperson on Post-crisis Possibilities
Authors:   Avichal
Published: February 2023

Sitting home, I scribbled a few points and mailed to a few friends, Akshay Anand being one of them. He wrote back and asked me to write for his journal. I was reluctant, for I am an academic nobody but he insisted all the same. So, brace for banality, so despised by intellectuals. Its beauty, on the other hand, is its simplicity which conforms to Occam’s razor, so admired but not so much practiced by scientific community. Insights shared by some friends have been incorporated.
Immediate effect of yogic chair breathing in diagnosed copd patient due to smoking addiction: a case report
Authors: R Anusha , Jogdand Reshma P.
Published: February 2023

A 54 years old male patient with K/C/O-COPD, was diagnosed in August 2015 and receiving LAMA (Long-acting muscarinic antagonists) in the last 6 years. The patient had a history of smoking in the past 25 years. In 2015, an X-ray showed hyperinflated in the lungs, a CT scan showed enlargement of the left pulmonary artery, and a pulmonary Function test, FEV1 = 48%. In March 2022 participant came to the hospital in Bangalore with complaints of shortness of breath, breathlessness, coughing, and insomnia. Then he was advised to practice yogic chair breathing for 45 minutes. There was a significant improvement in relieving symptoms like shortness of breath and breathlessness. The present case study is to assess the effect of chair breathing (YCB).
Natural relief to tinnitus through Yoga: Is it a myth or reality? – a case report
Authors: Sharma Anuradha , Thakur Ravinder , Munjal Sanjay , Panda Naresh , Kaur Rajwinder
Published: February 2023

Tinnitus individuals often report psychological problem like anger, depression, low confidence etc. Due to Lack of any well-structured approach for the tinnitus treatment, many approaches have been utilized in the past to reduce the psychological issues in tinnitus suffers. However, the effectiveness of the Yoga in this context is not well studied. Therefore, in the present case efficacy of the Yoga is studied in reducing the tinnitus related psychological problems. Tinnitus retraining therapy and Yoga was introduced for the six months. Tinnitus handicap, Quality of life, depression and anxiety were assessed before and after the treatment. Patient’s post therapy scores of on all measures i.e., Tinnitus handicap inventory, hospital anxiety and depression scale, WHO-BREF, tinnitus functional index were reduced as compared to scores at the time of the initial assessment. Yoga is an effective treatment option in reducing the handicap, depression and anxiety in tinnitus patient. This further can leads to the improvement in quality of life of tinnitus sufferer.
Response of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on Growth, Yield, and Nutrient use Efficiency of Wheat under Irrigated Conditions
Authors: Ahmed Maqbool , Hyder Syed Ishtiaq , Ullah Atiq , Khan Raza Ullah , Ahmad Muhammad Adeel , Hayat Asim , Arshad Nadeem
Published: February 2023

To feed Pakistan's rapidly growing population, wheat productivity must be increased through balanced nutrition. Chemical fertilizer prices are rising and there is low nutrient use efficiency, as well as excessive or imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers.  Integrated nutrient management treatments -the use of bio-fertilizer plus inorganic fertilizers-is a promising technology that not only increases crop yield, nutrient use efficiency. A field experiment was conducted at Naseerabad (Baluchistan) to assess the effect of (bio-fertilizer, inorganic fertilizers including Zn plus Boric Acid) on wheat crop production and nutrient use efficiency under irrigated conditions. A randomized complete block design was used to arrange the treatments (RCBD). Comprised with four treatments (INM NPK@120:9 0:60 kg/ha-1 Zn 5 kg, Boric acid 1 Kg/ha-1) FP treatment NP@75:50 kg/ha-1RDFtreatment.NPK,100.80.50 kg/ha-1and control treatment. This bio fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer significantly improves wheat growth parameters such as plant height, number of grains spiked, straw, and grain yield. Similarly, integrated nutrient management technology significantly increased N, P, K uptake in wheat grain content while increasing nutrient use efficiency. The highest grain yield was recorded (4.9 t/ha-1) in integrated nutrient management treatments with 120 kg N, 90 kg P, 60 kg K, 5 kg Zn, and 1 kg B ha-1 combined with bio-fertilizer plus farmyard manure. It resulted in a 25% increase over farmer practice (FP) and a 9% increase over the RDF treatment. The use of balance fertilizer in wheat resulted in significantly increased the wheat crop yield also improved agronomic parameters
Why Do Chromospheric Oscillations in Sunspot Umbrae Appear to Propagate Downward?
Authors: Chae Jongchul , Lim Eun-Kyung , Lee Kyeore , Kwak Hannah , Lee Kyoung-Sun , Kang Juhyung , Kang Soosang
Published: February 2023

Umbral oscillations constitute the most noticeable chromospheric feature of sunspot umbrae—large-amplitude oscillations of intensity (umbral flashes, if very strong) and line-of-sight velocity, with periods of about 3 minutes. These umbral oscillations are usually interpreted as acoustic waves propagating upward under the effect of gravity. However, there have been observational reports that intensity peaks tend to occur in downflowing phases of umbral oscillations, and this appears to be more compatible with downward propagation. We investigate whether this intensity–velocity correlation occurs persistently or not, by determining the vertical flux of the wave energy, based on Hα line measurements of the temperature and velocity. As a result, we find that the wave flux is persistently negative in sunspot umbrae, confirming the discrepancy specified above. We attribute this discrepancy to the nonzero fluctuation of net radiative heating. We find that when this effect is taken into account in the energy equation, the pressure is peaked during upflowing phases, being compatible with the notion of upward propagation. We conclude that temperature (and intensity) peaks occur during downflowing phases, not because of downward propagation, but because of radiative heat transport.
Ranunculus luanchuanensis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Henan, China
Authors: Fei Wen-Qun , Yuan Qiong , Yang Qin-Er
Published: February 2023

Ranunculus luanchuanensis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Laojun Shan in Luanchuan county, Henan province, central China, is here illustrated and described. It is morphologically similar to R. limprichtii in having 3-lobed and subreniform basal leaves, 3-lobed cauline leaves, and small flowers with reflexed and caducous sepals, but differs by having slender and basally slightly thickened roots (vs. fusiform), prostrate stems (vs. erect), obliquely ovoid and glabrous carpels and achenes (vs. widely ovoid and puberulous), longer styles in the carpels (ca. 1.2 mm vs. 0.6–0.8 mm) and achenes (ca. 1.8 mm vs. 0.6–0.8 mm), and glabrous receptacles (vs. sparsely puberulous). Ranunculus luanchuanensis, currently known only from its type locality, is geographically isolated from R. limprichtii, a species widely distributed in Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang (Tibet) and Yunnan, China. The distribution map of this new species and its putative closest ally, R. limprichtii, is also provided.
Performance of intron 7 of the β-fibrinogen gene for phylogenetic analysis: An example using gladiator frogs, Boana Gray, 1825 (Anura, Hylidae, Cophomantinae)
Authors: Estupiñán Ruth Amanda , Torres de Farias Sávio , Gonçalves Evonnildo Costa , Camargo Mauricio , Cruz Schneider Maria Paula
Published: February 2023

Boana, the third largest genus of Hylinae, has cryptic morphological species. The potential applicability of b-ﬁbrinogen intron 7 – FGBI7 is explored to propose a robust phylogeny of Boana. The phylogenetic potential of FGBI7 was evaluated using maximum parsimony, MrBayes, and maximum likelihood analysis. Comparison of polymorphic sites and topologies obtained with concatenated analysis of FGBI7 and other nuclear genes (CXCR4, CXCR4, RHO, SIAH1, TYR, and 28S) allowed evaluation of the phylogenetic signal of FGBI7. Mean evolutionary rates were calculated using the sequences of the mitochondrial genes ND1 and CYTB available for Boana in GenBank. Dating of Boana and some of its groups was performed using the RelTime method with secondary calibration. FGBI7 analysis revealed high values at informative sites for parsimony. The absolute values of the mean evolutionary rate were higher for mitochondrial genes than for FGBI7. Dating of congruent Boana groups for ND1, CYTB, and FGBI7 revealed closer values between mitochondrial genes and slightly different values from those of FGBI7. Divergence times of basal groups tended to be overestimated when mtDNA was used and were more accurate when nDNA was used. Although there is evidence of phylogenetic potential arising from concatenation of specific genes, FGBI7 provides well-resolved independent gene trees. These results lead to a paradigm for linking data in phylogenomics that focuses on the uniqueness of species histories and ignores the multiplicities of individual gene histories.
Une analyse du discours contre-hégémonique. Intersectionnalité critique et pluriversalité décoloniale
Authors: Paveau Marie-Anne
Published: February 2023

L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une articulation entre l’analyse du discours dite française et les notions d’intersectionnalité et de décolonialité qui travaillent actuellement les sciences humaines et sociales en France. Il décrit les conditions d’une épistémologie alternative apte à décentrer les savoirs et les technologies intellectuelles de la discipline, et suggère des manières de retravailler son appareillage théorique pour prendre en compte dans l’analyse linguistique les conditions d’existence des sujets et leurs voyages d’un monde à l’autre dans le cadre d’un plurivers. On définit d’abord la version de l’intersectionnalité choisie et la perspective décoloniale, en montrant ce qu’elles peuvent apporter à l’analyse du discours comme perspective enrichissante et émancipatrice. On précise ensuite les contours d’une épistémologie alternative, sur le plan des savoirs et des méthodes, en insistant sur les questions des points de vue et des expériences des sujets, et sur le choix tant scientifique que politique des références et des citations. On propose enfin la notion de colonialité du discours, qui permet de retravailler dans une dimension intersectionnelle décoloniale les questions de la dénomination et de la subjectivité.
Du Tiers-Monde aux Mondes en développement : itinéraire d’une revue (1973-2022)
Authors: Gérardin Hubert
Published: February 2023

50 ans de publications. Des conseils de rédaction et des équipes éditoriales qui se sont succédées dans la continuité, rassemblant plusieurs centaines de chercheurs et enseignants-chercheurs. Des institutions qui ont tour à tour porté la revue et des éditeurs qui l’ont publié sous forme papier, puis électronique, en toute confiance. Des milliers de collègues qui ont accepté de mettre leurs connaissances et compétences au service de l’expertise et de la finalisation des textes scientifiques reçus par la revue. En 2023, plus de 1 000 institutions abonnées en ligne de par le monde. Plus de 50 000 connexions de lecteurs en institutions chaque année pour des articles accessibles en ligne depuis le numéro 113/114 sur le bouquet de revues Cairn. Ce volumineux numéro permet de revenir sur l’histoire de la revue (partie 1), couplée à celle des études sur le développement (partie 2).
Mondes en développement : analyse lexicale de 50 ans d’histoire
Authors: Boidin Bruno , Cordrie Benjamin , Figuière Catherine
Published: February 2023

La revue Mondes en développement fête ses cinquante ans. Une analyse lexicale permet de brosser le tableau de son évolution. F. Perroux a fondé la revue et demeure l’un des plus gros contributeurs aux côtés de R. Gendarme, H. Gérardin ou encore Ph. Hugon. L’Afrique reste la zone d’étude privilégiée par les auteurs. Le développement durable s’invite dans les sommaires des années 2000, et les « pays émergents » remplacent de plus en plus souvent les « pays en voie de développement ». 200 numéros plus tard, Mondes en développement reste fidèle à son projet originel : une revue francophone pluraliste sur le développement. Classification JEL : A3, O1, Y1
Où est le peuple de Dieu ?
Authors: Greiner Dominique
Published: February 2023

Alors que les révélations se multiplient sur les abus commis par des clercs, les médias catholiques jouent un rôle fondamental pour aider le peuple de Dieu à ne pas désespérer de l’Église. Ils constituent en effet une médiation qui permet à une opinion publique catholique d’exister et de faire entendre sa voix. Partant de son expérience journalistique, l’auteur tire quelques leçons sur les attentes du peuple de Dieu en matière d’échange et de dialogue avec les responsables ecclésiastiques. Il défend l’idée selon laquelle la crise des abus a permis à une opinion publique catholique d’émerger et de se faire entendre.
Soft order topology and graph comparison based on soft order
Authors: Taşköprü Kemal
Published: February 2023

Soft sets provide a suitable framework for representing and dealing with vagueness. A scenario for vagueness can be that alternatives are composed of specific factors and these factors have specific attributes. Towards this scenario, this paper introduces soft order and its associated order topology on the soft sets with a novel approach. We first present the definitions and properties of the soft order relations on the soft sets via soft elements. Next, we define soft order topology on any soft set and provide some properties of this topology. In order to implement what we introduced about the soft orders, we describe soft preference and soft utility mapping on the soft sets and we finally demonstrate a decision-making application over the soft orders intended for comparing graphs.
A tripled coincidence point technique for solving integral equations via an upper class of type II
Authors: Hammad Hasanen A. , Aydi Hassen , Mukheimer Aiman
Published: February 2023

The goal of this paper is to obtain some tripled coincidence point results for generalized contraction mappings in the setting of $ JS $-metric spaces endowed with a partial order. Furthermore, illustrative examples to support the theoretical results and the application are obtained. Finally, some theoretical results are applied to discuss the existence of a solution for a system of non-homogeneous and homogeneous integral equations as applications.