bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planeación, desarrollo y evaluación participativa de un curso de “biotecnología” para medicina veterinaria
Authors: Tabares Carlos J. , Tarazona Ariel M. , Giraldo Carlos A. , Ossa Londoño Jorge
Published: August 2024

Resumen
El presente informe da cuenta del proceso de planeación, desarrollo y evaluación participativa del curso de "biotecnología", ofrecido en el segundo semestre del 2005, para los estudiantes del séptimo nivel de la carrera de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín, Colombia), dentro de la nueva estructura curricular recientemente inaugurada. El grupo de profesores/investigadores empezó por discutir la base filosófica del cambio curricular y la ubicación del curso en la red temática de dicho plan. A partir de allí, y de las experiencias particulares de los docentes, se generaron unos contenidos y unas estrategias. El desarrollo del curso fue evaluado por los profesores y por los estudiantes y con base en tales evaluaciones y en las observaciones realizadas a lo largo de la experiencia (las cuales fueron plasmadas en actas y relatorías de reuniones periódicas realizadas por los investigadores) se hace un balance de logros y dificultades y se ofrecen algunas recomendaciones.
Summary
This article informs on the process of planning, developing and evaluating a course of biotechnology for the veterinary medical undergraduated students. The course was offered during the second semester of 2005 under the new curricular structure recently inaugurated in the School of Veterinary Medicine, at the University of Antioquia (Medellín, Colombia). The group of teachers/researchers first reviewed the philosophical basis of the curricular change as well as the temporal and conceptual mapping of the course within the curricular mesh and on these grounds and according to the physical and human possibilities available defined the contents and the strategies. The course was observed by the teachers/researcher permanently and the results were collected in memories of periodic meetings; additionally it was evaluated in different moments by the students (two surveys) and by the teacher/researchers (one survey). A listing of achievements, difficulties and some recommendations is finally offered for the improvement of the course.
Efecto del inhibidor de fosfodiesterasa tipo 4 —rolipram, sobre la maduración in vitro de oocitos bovinos
Authors: López Yuddy S. , Mejía Ana M. , Escobar Elder E. , Agudelo Jaramillo Bernardo , Vásquez Neil A. , Echavarría Hernán
Published: August 2024

Summary
Gonadotropic follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH) induce intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) production during the in vitro maturation (IVM) of bovine oocytes. Cyclic AMP exerts a dual effect, where high intraoocyte cAMP levels are responsible for oocyte meiotic blockage, while high cAMP levels into the granulose cells induce oocyte maturation. Intracellular cAMP levels are regulated by phosphodiesterases (PDE)-mediated hydrolysis, enzymes having a specific follicle expression pattern. Oocyte expresses typo 3 PDE (PDE 3), while granulose cells expresses type 4 PDE (PDE 4). With the aim to test the effect of the specific PDE 4 inhibitor rolliprom on percentage in vitro nuclear maturation (IVNM) of bovine oocytes, 629 cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) were cultured at 38.5 ºC/CO2 5%/24 h on TCM-199 medium with pFSH and hrLH with or without rolipram. Experimental groups were: gonadotrophins alone, gonadotropins + rolipram (25, 50, or 75 µM), rolipram 50 µM + gonadotrophins, and control (media without stimulus). In order to determinate the nuclear maturation percentage by the first polar body expulsion, oocytes were dyed with DAPI and evaluated by fluorescence. Rolipram 50 µM stimulated bovine oocyte nuclear maturation in a similar way to gonadotrophins stimulus (76.83 vs. 79.46%, p > 0.05) did, but in a higher way than rolipram 25 µM (31.25%) or 75 M (28.61%). The COC cultured with rolipram 50 µM+gonadotrophins maturated in a lower proportion (63.74%) than did with gonadotropins (p < 0.01) or rolipram 50 µM (p < 0.05). A dose-dependent response of percentage of IVNM of bovine oocytes was detected. Thus rolipram 50 µM, exerts a similar effect of gonadotropins on oocyte maturation. In addition, the presence of gonadotropic stimulus and a PDE inhibitor may induce a desensitization response of the cAMP way, as suggested by the reduction of the percentage of maturation.
Desafios e oportunidades das alianzas mercadologicas na cadeia produtiva da carne bovina
Authors: Ospina Patino Harold , Dutra de Barcellos Marcia , Furtado Velloso Fernando , Angel Cardona Juan C.
Published: August 2024

Summary
The industry for the production and marketing of beef made profound changes in the last decade is looking to adapt the demands of the two largest consumer markets: competitiveness and quality of product. In part these changes were a consequence of health problems occurring in some countries, which generated significant changes in the size of the allocated quota to countries traditionally supplying the international market which have as their main challenge to maintain/increase the quota market gained due to the strong pressure by competing countries. In spite of health criteria and customs play an important role in determining the international marketing of beef the countries that have the largest volumes of trade that have competitive advantages (scale of production, abundance of land and work cheap, production systems in grazing with a strong investment in research and technology transfer) in their production systems that allow to market beef at low prices. However, the price is no longer the sole criterion considered in the international marketing of meat. Today consumers choose the products thinking on food safety, quality standards, the uniformity of the product and the environmental impact resulting from the generation of products. Thus the great challenge in the short term is to make sure the meat to be bought not to be sold, incorporating all the features in this sale inherent in the system of production. Therefore the search for more favorable markets need to identify, understand and manipulate clearly the critical points of control, mainly in marketing, considered the end of the production chain.
Farmacocinética plasmática de la balofloxacina en terneros
Authors: García Hugo , Prieto Guillermo , Lüders Carlos , Errecalde Carlos
Published: August 2024

Summary
Pharmacokinetic parameters of absorption and disposition of balofloxacin were determined in female Holando-Argentinean calves (n = 6), after a 5 mg/kg single dose, administered as both intravenous and subcutaneous bolus, in a crossed-over design treatment. The analyte was determined in plasma samples by microbiological method in agar diffusion, using a Bacillus subtilis BGA spore solution as microorganism detector in agar Antibiotic Nº 1. The plasmatic concentrations of balofloxacin based on the time were analyzed by a non compartimental kinetic model using software PK Solution 2.0. The intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters obtained were: t1/2β = 2.3 ± 1.1 h; Cltotal area = 10.2 ± 3.4 ml/min/kg; Vdarea = 1.8 ± 0.3 L/kg; and AUCarea = 551.3 ± 247.0 µg/min/ml. Except for Cltotal area  and AUCarea, the values obtained for the intravenous administration significantly differed from the obtained ones for the subcutaneous route (p < 0.05), for which Cmax = 1.3 ± 0.4 µg/ml, tmax = 51 ± 12.1 minutes and bioavailability values close to 98% were obtained. The Vdarea value was superior to 1 l/kg for both routes of application and indicates good capacity to spread to extravascular area and tissues.
Cardiomiopatía dilatada en un cachorro. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Tarazona Ch. Sandra L. , Gómez G. Leonardo F. , Orozco P. Sonia C.
Published: August 2024

Summary
This is a case of a Springer spaniel puppy which presented tachypnea, ascitis, exercise intolerance, mild cyanosis and a poor body condition. At cardiac auscultation a 5/6 mitral murmur was detected that irradiated to both hemithorax. Echocardiography revealed diminished left ventricular contractility, eccentric hypertrophy of the left atrium and ventricle and mitral insufficiency.
Falla ovárica en una yegua de paso fino colombiano: tratamiento combinado homeopático antihomotóxico y hormonal. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Otálvaro Luis J. , Correa Claudia J. , Velásquez Carlos E. , Maldonado Estrada Juan Guillermo
Published: August 2024

Summary
Ovulation failure is one of the most frequent causes of infertility in mares. In the present case we report a six-year-old Colombian Paso Fino maiden Mare that was attended for breeding purposes with a previous history of ovulation failure. At ultrasound (US) examination of the reproductive tract and ovaries the left ovary measured 15 x 13 cm and a pathologic 13 x 11 cm diameter anecoic structure was diagnosed. The right ovary was found of normal size, and the uterus was found flacid. An anti homotoxic theraphy with Ovarium compositum®, Damiana injeel®, Cerebrum compositum®, and Phosphor hommacord® for 1½ months and FK (neural) therapy (twice/15 days) were then established, the ovary size was reduced, and softening of the follicular wall and a slight uterine response were observed. After 1½ month, the left ovary had 13 x 11 cm diameter and showed a 9 x 8 cm follicle, whereas the right ovary was multifollicular. Serum progesterone, estradiol and testosterone levels were those characteristics of an anestrous mare. The mare was treated with hCG (3.000 UI, i.v./3 days) and 4 days later a corpus luteum was diagnosed by US in the left ovary and serum progesterone levels raised to 14.91 ng/dl. At day 7 after hCG treatment the mare was given PGF2α (9 μg/kg/for two days) intramuscular, estrous was evident 5 days later, and artificial insemination (AI) with fertile semen was practiced resulting in a viable pregnancy as evaluated by ultrasound at day 20; however, this pregnancy was lost at 40 days after AI. The mare returned to estrus 20 days later, she was then inseminated and the resulting pregnancy was confirmed at day 20th resulting in a successful gestation and foaling of a full term viable foal. This report suggests hormonal therapy and alternative medicine could be successfully combined for treatment of specific ovarian pathologies in mares.
AUTOCRATIZAÇÃO E ENFRAQUECIMENTO DA DEMOCRACIA NO BRASIL: 2019-2022
Authors: Witt Bendlin Rafaela , Witt Cleonice
Published: August 2024

O desafio mundial contemporâneo é assegurar a proteção aos direitos humanos fundamentais e a democracia. Mas pesquisas atuais demonstram que há uma grande onda autocrática no mundo, colocando cada vez mais países e cidadãos em risco. Assim, neste contexto, buscou-se compreender a realidade brasileira da autocratização, questionando-se qual foi a evolução da autocracia no Brasil entre os anos de 2019 a 2022? Para responder esta pergunta, buscou-se definir autocracia e democracia, explanar o avanço da autocracia no Brasil a partir de 2019, identificar fatores que favorecem o avanço da autocracia e delimitar o contexto político brasileiro no avanço da autocracia. A metodologia empregada foi a revisão narrativa através do método bibliográfico, utilizando-se artigos científicos, livros, monografias, dissertações, entre outros, bem como pesquisa estatística realizada pelo V-Dem Institute, e a conclusão foi obtida pelo método dedutivo. Concluiu-se então que o Brasil passou por uma onda crescente de autocratização e enfraquecimentos das características democráticas, especialmente a partir da eleição de Bolsonaro em 2018, mas obtendo melhora  destas características com a vitória de Lula nas eleições de 2022. Entretanto, ainda deve permanecer o alerta em defesa da democracia.
THE NARROW CONFINES OF INSTITUTIONAL ACTIVISM: THE U.S. SUPREME COURT, ABORTION, AND AMICUS CURIAE BRIEFS
Authors: Konet Amanda , McCammon Holly J. , Torrence Sarah
Published: August 2024

Abortion disputes routinely occur in the judicial realm. Before the Supreme Court, from Roe to Dobbs, both reproductive rights and antiabortion movement groups and their allies engaged in institutional activism, filing amicus curiae (or friend-of-the-court) briefs to influence case outcomes. The number of such briefs has increased substantially over time. Yet few movement researchers investigate this form of institutional activism. We examine amicus briefs in over forty abortion cases from 1971 to 2022, discerning which amicus filers and frames influence justice voting, including for the pivotal moderate justices. We situate our work in resource mobilization, professional status, and framing theorizing, concluding that amicus briefs significantly shape judicial outcomes in abortion cases. However, our results show effective amicus strategies confront a narrow set of opportunities for judicial influence. Unsurprisingly, the Supreme Court battle over reproductive rights is heavily shaped by justice ideology, with filer and framing approaches—when they are influential—impacting mainly moderate justices.
FRAMING, COUNTERFRAMING, AND DISCURSIVE FIELDS IN THE MOBILIZATIONS AGAINST CRIMINAL VIOLENCE IN MEXICO
Authors: Gordillo-García Johan
Published: August 2024

In social movements literature, frame analyses have focused mainly on the strategic discourse of mobilized groups, a smaller proportion has discussed official frames, a minimal share has studied the dynamics of framing and counterframing, and barely a few studies have analyzed the development of discursive fields. This article broadens and deepens our understanding of discursive fields through a longitudinal analysis of four episodes of mobilization against criminal violence in Mexico. My main argument is that the discursive field of these movements has developed and transformed in a relational way from the framing and counterframing disputes between mobilized groups and governments, with observable changes in four dimensions: the central issue of the discussion, its participants, the diagnoses and proposed solutions, and the official responses to the protest. The article contributes to the literature by proposing an operationalization of the transformations in a discursive field that is useful for studying other social problems.
Shallow Faulting and Folding beneath South-Central Seattle, Washington State, from Land-Based High-Resolution Seismic-Reflection Imaging
Authors: Stephenson William J. , Odum Jack K. , Pratt Thomas L.
Published: August 2024

The geologic framework of the Seattle fault zone (SFZ) has been extensively studied, but the structure and fault strand locations in the central portion of the fault zone through the city of Seattle have remained controversial. Much of what is known about the SFZ has come from light detection and ranging (lidar)-topographic surveys and paleoseismic investigations of fault scarps primarily west of Puget Sound, regional gravity and aeromagnetic modeling, and multiscale marine seismic imaging in waters both west and east of Seattle. We analyze ∼24 km of land-based P-wave seismic-reflection data that fill in a critical gap in our understanding of the SFZ beneath the urban areas of West Seattle, south-central Seattle, and Mercer Island. These data image deformed strata in the upper 1 km, including upwarped Tertiary rock and younger sediments. Collectively, these data provide evidence for multiple Quaternary-active thrust faults, back thrusts, and sub-basins within the SFZ beneath the city of Seattle. The results indicate that multiple and potentially active back thrusts in the upper ∼500 m extend across the length of the SFZ and the entire urban corridor that may be analogous to those on Bainbridge Island west of Puget Sound.
Abscesos cerebrales múltiples a Nocardia spp. Reporte de caso
Authors: Vallejos Maisa , Llanes Gloria , Melo Camila , Ruiz Viviana , Lajarthe Ana
Published: August 2024

El absceso cerebral es una infección localizada, una colección de material purulento en el parénquima cerebral, que puede surgir como complicación de otra infección o por traumatismo o cirugía. La infección por Nocardia spp. es poco común en pacientes inmunocompetentes, considerándose un agente oportunista. Se describe el caso de un paciente de 51 años, previamente sano, que consultó por cuadro insidioso de meses de evolución de cefalea holocraneana, además de convulsiones tónico-clónicas generalizadas, con picos febriles persistentes, en quien se diagnosticaron abscesos múltiples en el sistema nervioso central a un germen infrecuente.
La cadena de valor de productos químicos en México: análisis de oportunidades de proveeduría a la CGV de semiconductores
Authors: Filippo Agustín , Guaipatín Carlos , Navarro Lucas , Wyss Federico
Published: August 2024

Las acciones de los Estados Unidos orientadas a recuperar su liderazgo en la cadena global de valor (CGV) de semiconductores abren oportunidades para desarrollar actividades de la cadena en las que este país no cuenta con ventajas comparativas. Uno de estos segmentos es el de materiales y sustancias químicas de extrema pureza, hasta ahora dominado fundamentalmente por Asia. Este nuevo escenario global de la industria de semiconductores plantea la pregunta de si México podría posicionarse en este segmento, en el que actualmente no participa de manera relevante. Este informe apunta a responder esa pregunta, considerando en primer lugar la situación de toda la cadena de valor de sustancias químicas en el país, que presenta un proceso de deterioro que lleva décadas. Este diagnóstico marca la necesidad de desarrollar capacidades de base y mejorar la competitividad al nivel de toda la industria, para poder así estar en condiciones de avanzar en las capacidades específicas para producir químicos de alta pureza.
FISICA Y COSMOLOGIA DE LA RADIACION COSMICA DE FONDO
Authors: Torres Arzayúz Sergio
Published: August 2024

En la radiación cósmica de fondo (RCF) está impresa la información acerca de las condi­ciones existentes en el universo temprano. Mediciones precisas en un rango adecuado de esca­las angulares y frecuencias de la RFC harán posible encontrar de forma definitiva los más importantes parámetros cosmológicos: curvatura, constante cosmológica y forma del espectro de fluctuaciones primordiales. El satélite COBE ha permitido avanzar considerablemente en esta tarea con las mediciones de anisotropías a escalas angulares  ≥7°. Se hace una introducción a la teoría de la RCF, se presentan los resultados más recientes obtenidos por COBE y se hace una prueba de modelos cosmológicos abiertos y con constante cosmológica usando los mapas de anisotropía del instrumento DMR a bordo de COBE. El resultado de este análisis revela que los datos son consistentes con modelos abiertos favoreciendo un valor del parámetro de densidad Ω=0.8. Los datos también permiten valores no nulos para la constante cosmológica.
LAS CONSTITUCIONES DEL COLEGIO UNIVERSIDAD DE MOMPOX: UN MODELO PARA LA ENSEÑANZA ILUSTRADA
Authors: Soto Arango Diana
Published: August 2024

Las Constituciones elaboradas por Eloy Valenzuela en 1806 para el Colegio Universidad de Mompox representan la defensa del estudio de las ciencias, no solo para el reconocimiento cien­tífico, sino para la explotación de las riquezas naturales de la región. El documento pone de manifiesto la identidad del autor con las políticas del despotismo ilustrado y con el movimiento de la Ilustración, dentro de un eclecticismo de adaptación a la realidad americana. Valenzuela se opone al sectarismo religioso y a cualquier manifestación religiosa que aparte a los estudiantes del aprendizaje, rompiendo las tradiciones de los colegios españoles y coloniales de América. Las Constituciones plantean un cambio en la información, siendo la formación ciudadana el eje central junto con los catecismos civiles.
MATEMATICAS, EXPLICAR Y COMPRENDER
Authors: Moreno Armella Luis
Published: August 2024

Se presenta un análisis de los períodos centrales ocurridos en la evolución histórica de la geometría, haciendo énfasis en el camino que condujo a la creación de las geometrías no euclidianas, proceso demostrable en forma óptima a través del marco conceptual suministrado por una epistemología constructivista.
CONTENIDOS DE CD, CU Y ZN EN RHIZOPHORA MANGLE Y AVICENNIA GERMINANS DE LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA Y BABIA DE CHENGUE, COSTA CARIBE COLOMBIANA
Authors: Campos Néstor Hernando , Gallo Maria Cristina
Published: August 2024

Para medir las concentración de los metales Cd, Cu y Zn en hojas de Rhizophora mangle y Avicennia germinans, se tomaron muestras entre marzo y diciembre de 1993, en dos áreas de la costa del Magdalena. En cada estación se tomaron además muestras de sedimento y agua superficial. En la primera se midió la concentración de los metales y el contenido de materia orgánica y en la segunda se determinaron las variables fisicoquímicos, salinidad, potencial rédox y pH. Los metales se midieron mediante espectrofotometría de absorción atómica con llama. En general, en las dos especies los metales variaron con la época de recolección y con el pH y la salinidad principalmente. Al comparar los contenidos de cada metal en hojas entre la CGSM y Chengue, no se observaron diferencias significativas. Las concentraciones en cada una de las especies muestran que A. germinans generalmente presenta mayor contenido de los tres metales que R .. mangle. De igual forma se encontró mayor concentración en hojas jóvenes que en las viejas de las dos especies. Los contenidos en material vegetal como en de sedimentos se encontraron en la relación Cd < Cu < Zn.
DEMENCIA- PRIONES Y ENFERMEDADES PRIONICAS REFERENCIA ESPECIAL A LAS "VACAS LOCAS"
Authors: Toro González Gabriel
Published: August 2024

Se describe la manera como D.C. Gajdusek apoyado en sus propias observaciones y en la propuesta de B. Sigurdsson considera para estas entidades una etiología "viral lenta". Se afirma que hasta donde sabemos hoy la relación Demencia Prion se limita a la llamada enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob y según recientes evidencias, muy especialmente a su variedad atípica.
El enfoque etiológico de este grupo de entidades cambia hacia los años 1982-84 cuando Stanley Prusiner introduce el concepto de Prion. Se describen de manera sucinta las entidades que actualmente se consideran de origen priónico haciendo especial referencia a la Encefalopatía espongiforme bovina, coloquialmente mencionada como "vacas locas". Citando a Domich se plantea la posibilidad de una frecuencia mucho mayor de la conocida hasta ahora para este grupo de entidades.
WRITTEN FORM OF ACTION FOR LEGAL PROCEEDINGS AT THE STAGE OF PREPARATION OF A CRIMINAL CASE FOR COURT HEARING
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of Judicial Activities and Criminal Procedure, Guseynov Ramil G.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the procedural form of legal proceedings in the preparation of a case for trial, with a view to establishing the specificity of the manifestation of the form at a particular stage of criminal proceedings. To address this issue, the general content of the concept of procedural form is examined, as well as the elements of criminal procedure that create this form. The various perspectives on the form of the stage of preparation of a criminal case and its constituent elements are presented. The analysis encompasses the opinions of scholars from both the Soviet era and the modern period. The author's perspective on the specificity of the procedural form in the reviewed stage, its manifestations and features in comparison with the general understanding of the form is presented.
Behcet’s disease: a clinical case of how one uncommon disease was misdiagnosed as another uncommon disease
Authors: Manto I. A. , Shigina E. A.
Published: August 2024

Bechet’s disease is a rare, multifactorial, systemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Oral and genital ulcers, uveitis, and cutaneous lesions (pseudofolliculitis and erythema nodosum) are its most common manifestations. Less frequent manifestations include lesions of the cardiovascular, joint, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. There are no specific diagnostic tests for Bechet’s, and the diagnosis is eatablished based on revealed clinical criteria. Due to the variability in clinical presentation, the predominance of non-rheumatic symptoms, and the lack of awareness among physicians, there is often a delay in diagnosis. This can lead to misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment for patients.

This article presents a clinical case of Bechet’s disease, which was initially diagnosed as primary immunodeficiency.
Uniformity in shoot development in avocado grafts and its importance in establishing levels of indirect resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi
Authors: López-Galé Yeison David , Fernando Martínez Mauricio , Palacios Joya Lizeth Paola , Murcia-Riaño Nubia , García-Dávila Mario Augusto
Published: August 2024

Background / Objective. The level of resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi in avocado germplasm can be evaluated indirectly through inoculation of the pathogen by wounding the stem. The objective of this work was to compare the conventional graft development method and the etiolated graft method to determine levels of indirect resistance to P. cinnamomi through the stem wound inoculation technique. Materials and methods. In the study, three isolates of P. cinnamomi and two avocado genotypes with different levels of resistance to the pathogen were used, Duke-7 (medium resistant) and Hass (susceptible). Clonal multiplication of the genotypes was carried out with buds grafted on rootstocks propagated by Antillean avocado seeds. Inoculation was performed on the shoot at a height of 8 cm and the growth of the lesions was measured for 24 days. With the data, the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) and the Coefficients Variation (CV) are calculated. The information was analyzed with a completely randomized experimental design with a 2*2*3 factorial arrangement (Method*Genotype*Isolation). Results. The analysis of variance for the AUDPC showed no differences between methods (p=0.1881); However, there were differences between genotypes, isolates and between the genotype*method and genotype*isolation interactions (p≤0.05). With the conventional method, the development of the outbreaks was late (141-159 days) and the size of the lesions was highly variable (CV=38.9-64.4%), being able to discriminate partial degrees of aggressiveness between isolates, but not levels of resistance between genotypes. The etiolated and greened shoots in the nursery, on the contrary, presented rapid growth (101-107 days) and greater uniformity in the lesions generated by the pathogen (CV=11.1-24.2%). Conclusion. The development of etiolated shoots in avocado grafts is proposed as a rapid alternative method that can guarantee greater uniformity in the development of lesions within the experimental units of a treatment, thus achieving greater reliability when evaluating and selecting preliminarily. avocado genotypes with indirect resistance attributes to P. cinnamomi.
Impact of Seasonal Weather Variations on Physical Attributes of Robusta Coffee Beans
Authors: Maneerat E. , Saensano C. , Chiarawipa R. , Wongvarodom V. , Teerawattanapong P. , Rueangkhanab M.
Published: August 2024

Background: Robusta coffee is a type of cultivated agricultural commodity. It is grown to produce high-quality coffee. The weather conditions have a significant impact on the characteristics of green coffee beans, such as their aroma and taste. As a result, fluctuations in weather conditions can affect the quality of the final product. Methods: This study assessed Robusta coffee beans¢physical properties and defects in southern Thailand. The characteristics of green coffee beans and the weather variations of the southern peninsula were observed. Result: It was found that significantly different proportions of normal, pea berry and defective coffee beans were found across geographical regions. In areas with high rainy days and total rainfall, full black disorder had a higher incidence (16.46%) of defective coffee beans. Additionally, the geometric mean diameter (GMD) and surface area of green coffee beans had a significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (Tmin) after the 6-to 9-month period of fruit setting. This study indicates that recent weather variations have had a significant impact on the characteristics and quality of Robusta green beans. The improvement of green coffee bean practices to achieve high-quality Robusta beans in response to pre-harvest weather conditions should be further investigated.
Understanding and changing attitudes toward eating protein derived from insects
Authors:   Brunel University London, Brunel Business School, UK, Pakseresht Ashkan , Frewer Lynn ,   Newcastle University, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, UK
Published: August 2024

This chapter covers understanding and changing attitudes towards eating protein derived from insects. In recent years, there has been growing interest regarding the role of insects as novel protein sources to meet the increasing global demand for sustainable and nutritious food. However, though insects are consumed in some cultures, in others, in particular those where insects are not traditionally part of the human diet, the inclusion of insects has been met with scepticism and strong resistance. This chapter begins by exploring changing attitudes toward insect-based food and the psychological factors that affect these attitudes. It then moves on to discuss product-related determinants of consumer acceptance of insect-derived proteins. Finally, the impact of sociocultural factors on consumer acceptance is reviewed.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Ramah Anak dalam Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Mohammad Tijan Abrori
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
The focus of this research is to analyze learning management in shaping children's intelligence at PAUD Mukhtar Syafa'at Blokagung. The type of research used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were teachers and school principals. To collect data, researchers used three techniques, namely: observation, interviews, and documentation. The way to check the validity of the data is by using triangulation. This research analyzes the data using Milles and Hubermant's theory, namely three interactive models starting from data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The result of this research is to find out how Mukhtar Syafa'at PAUD improves the intelligence of early childhood through learning management carried out by; Learning implementation planning is designed by mutual agreement within the school, taking into account the programs that have been established and things discovered later, the planning is also adjusted to the existing learning facilities and the abilities of the teaching staff in their respective fields. Learning is carried out in the classroom with more interesting media and various methods, which are child-centered. Evaluations are carried out to achieve quality learning for early childhood, by describing children's potential in the form of observations, work results, attendance lists and assignments.
Stimulasi pengembangan Kognitif Anak melalui Media Tanaman dengan Pembelajaran Berbasis STEAM
Authors: Viti Fatimah  , Nurul Ismaiyah
Published: August 2024

Early childhood education aims to improve the quality of human resources and make the nation's life more intelligent. TKIT Nurul Hidayah Sampang carries out learning based on STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics), and HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skill), this learning is able to stimulate children's cognitive development according to age stages by improving all aspects of children's development. The research method chosen is naturalistic qualitative research, the researcher examines every incident that occurs in real life. Data sources were obtained from educators and children. Data collection techniques are through observation, interviews and documentation. The research results show an increase in the quality of children's learning and have an influence on children's cognitive education and understanding in solving problems. This can be seen in the achievement of eight out of ten children achieving development according to expectations and two of them are starting to develop
Child Friendly PAUD Classroom Design
Authors: Khoirun Nisa  , Nurul Ismaiyah
Published: August 2024

Tujuan diadakanya penelitian ini ialah sebagai bahan informasi kepada semua elemen yang berkaitan dengan anak usia dini terkait bagaimana pentingnya penataan ruang kelas tempat belajar anak agar aman, nyaman juga ramah. Dengan penataan yang baik juga tepat makan tujuan dari pembelaran juga stimulus berkembang secara maksimal. Perlu diketahui bahwa tidak semua hal bisa digunakan untuk anak usia dini tanpa pengawasan dari orang dewasa. Kenyataannya masih banyak orang dewasa juga terlebih pendidik anak usia dini yang memberikan fasilitas ruang tanpa memikirkan apakah fasilitas tersebut aman dan nyaman digunakan oleh anak
Pengaruh Penerapan Modifikasi Permainan Roblox Mosar Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak
Authors: Elva Elva Novianti Putri , Neng Awalia Farida  , Dede Ridwan
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan motorik kasar menjadi sangat penting distimulasi dan diperhatikan perkembangannya karena motorik kasar berperan pada perkembangan lainnya seperti fisiologis, sosial emosional, juga kognitif. Pembiasaan anak dalam bergerak dan atau motorik kasarnya yang baik cenderung akan lebih percaya diri juga memudahkan ia bersosialisasi dengan temannya. Sedangkan anak yang memiliki perkembangan motorik kasar yang kurang seringkali ia merasa malu dan menutup dirinya dari teman sebayanya. Selain dari pada hal itu maraknya screen time yang berlebih juga menjadi faktor paling tinggi yang membuat anak cenderung pasif, dan tentu saja motorik kasarnya akan kurang terkembangkan. Dalam hal ini perkembangan motorik kasar tidak bisa dianggap enteng, karena ketika perkembangan motorik kasarnya kurang maka otomatis akan berdampak tidak baik pula bagi perkembangan yang lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh dari penerapan permainan Roblox Mosar terhadap perkembangan motorik kasar anak usia 5-6 tahun Di TK Dewi Sartika 1 Gegerbitung Kab. Sukabumi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut penelitian kali ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Desain yang digunakan ialah One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design, Pengambilan sampel yaitu dengan sampel jenuh di mana yang dijadikan sampel kurang dari 30 orang, oleh karena itu semua sampel mendapatkan perlakuan, dengan menggunakan tes perlakuan sebanyak 10 kegiatan dari 5 indikator. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa adanya pengaruh dari penerapan permainan Roblox Mosar terhadap perkembangan motorik kasar anak. Ini terbukti dari Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan Paired-Sampels t-Test di dapat hasil nilai Sign 0,01 < 0,05. Itu artinya Ha ditarima dan H0 ditolak.
Mewujudkan Sekolah Ramah Anak: Implementasi Disiplin Positif dalam Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Putikadyanto Agus Purnomo Ahmad , Amin Moh. Badruddin , Wachidah Liana Rochmatul
Published: August 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang implementasi disiplin positif sebagai pendekatan dalam menciptakan sekolah yang ramah anak dalam konteks Kurikulum Merdeka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi strategi implementasi disiplin positif yang efektif dalam meningkatkan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung perkembangan holistik anak-anak di sekolah serta keberhasilan dan tantangannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara dengan guru dan kepala sekolah, serta analisis dokumen terkait kebijakan sekolah dan kurikulum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi disiplin positif dalam Kurikulum Merdeka dapat membantu menciptakan budaya sekolah yang inklusif, kolaboratif, dan mendukung perkembangan sosial-emotional anak meskipun ada tantangan dalam implementasinya. Artikel ini memberikan wawasan tentang pentingnya pendekatan disiplin positif dalam menciptakan sekolah yang ramah anak dan menawarkan rekomendasi untuk pengembangan praktik dan kebijakan yang lebih mendukung di tingkat sekolah.
Peran Guru dalam Pendidikan Karakter Anak di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 1 Kemranjen
Authors: Zaidah Vina Misykah , Tatik Ariyati
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini membahas pentingnya pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 1 Kemranjen, dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis peran guru dalam pengembangan karakter anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, melibatkan observasi non-partisipan, wawancara tidak terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan karakter berperan krusial dalam membentuk perilaku positif dan kemampuan sosial anak. Guru menerapkan berbagai strategi, seperti pembiasaan, keteladanan, apresiasi, dan pembelajaran kontekstual, untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter. Kerjasama antara guru dan orang tua serta penciptaan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif juga menjadi faktor penting dalam pengembangan karakter anak. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pendidikan karakter yang konsisten dan terintegrasi dapat membangun fondasi yang kuat bagi perkembangan kepribadian anak di masa depan.
Tipologi Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Mewujudkan Sekolah Ramah Anak
Authors: Arkam Rohmad , Sulistyorini
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tipologi kepemimpinan yang dimiliki oleh kepala sekolah dalam dalam mewujudkan sekolah ramah anak TK Muslimat NU 089 Kepatihan Ponorogo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif jenis diskriptif. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelian ini menunjukkan bahwa tipologi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah TK Muslimat NU 089 Kepatihan Ponorogo dalam dalam mewujudkan sekolah ramah anak adalah sesui dengan tipologi kepemimpinan trasformatif. Hal ini bisa dibuktikan dari hasil wawancara dan observasi di TK Muslimat NU 089 Kepatihan Kabupaten Ponorogo membangun komunikasi dan kolaborasi dengan orang tua dan masyarakat. Dengan komunikasi yang baik tersebut kepala sekolah bisa memperkuat kebijakan sekolah dalam mewujudkan sekolah yang ramah terhadap anak. Selain itu orang tua dan msyarakat juga diberi keleluasaan dalam mengawasi semua program yang ada disekolah sesuai prinsip-prinsip sekolah ramah anak.
Pengaruh Store Atmosphere dan Price terhadap Customer Loyalty yang Dimediasi Customer Satisfaction di Transmart Bandung dan Cimahi
Authors: Ni Komang Prastiti Dewi  , Hariyadi Triwahyu Putra
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Store Atmoshphere dan Price terhadap Customer Loyalty dimediasi Customer Satisfaction di Transmart Bandung dan Cimahi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Setelah pengumpulan data melalui survei kuesioner,  dilakukan pengolahan data dengan teknik analisis regresi berganda  dengan menggunakan alat Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) versi 29 untuk melakukan analisis deskriptif dan tervalidasi. Selanjutnya kami menjalankan tes Sobel menggunakan kalkulator Sobel. Hasil menemukan bahwa Store Atmosphere mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap Customer satisfaction, Price mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap Customer satisfaction, Store Atmosphere mempunyai hubungan yang negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Customer loyalty, Price mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap Customer loyalty, Customer satisfaction mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap Customer loyalty, Store Atmosphere terhadap Customer loyalty mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan melalui Customer satisfaction, Price terhadap Customer loyalty mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikansi melalui melalui Customer satisfaction.
Kompetensi Manajerial Kepala Madrasah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidik
Authors: Muhammad Alfarizi  , Muhammad Hanief  , Syamsu Madyan
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kompetensi manajerial kepala madrasah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidik dari aspek perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan naturalistik. Sumber utama dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, sedangkan guru dan pegawai sebagai pendukung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pertama, perencaanaan yang dilakukan adalah pembentukan tim penyusun kurikulum, analisis konteks, perencanaan sarana prasarana, dan personalia. Kedua, pelaksanaan yang dilakukan adalah kurikulum 2013, membuat perangkat pembelajaran, menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis teknonoli informasi, kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, membentuk tim prestasi akademik dan non akademik, sarana dan prasarana, dan personalia bekerja sesuai dengan SK dan job deskripsi. Ketiga, evaluasi yang dilakukan adalah supervisi pembelajaran dan melaksanakan rapat akhir tahunan bersama guru-guru dan staf madrasah untuk mengevaluasi keseluruhan pelaksanaan program pendidikan termasuk di dalamnya evaluasi kurikulum. Dengan demikian, kepala madrasah telah memiliki kompetensi manajerial dimulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi.
O CONCEITO DE SOCIALIDADE E AS PRAÇAS
Authors: Gruppelli da Silva Cíntia , Corrêa Henning Paula
Published: August 2024

A praça, um pedaço de natureza domesticado na urbanidade de nosso cotidiano, é o cenário onde é tramada essa escrita. A partir do método cartográfico (DELEUZE; GUATTARI, 1995) e na companhia de Maffesoli (1998), Tsing (2019) e filósofos da Diferença, o objetivo principal foi problematizar o conceito de socialidade para pensar as relações com a natureza humana e não humana nas praças, a fim de provocar pensamentos rizomáticos no campo da Educação Ambiental. Quem sabe esse estudo possibilite encontrar nesses espaços das praças, socialidades outras que nos ajudem a compor modos inventivos de (com)viver e a experimentar potências de vida em tempos de crise ambiental.
PRÁTICAS COMUNITÁRIAS ENTRE INTERIOR E CENTRO
Authors: Sbardelotto Diane , Gruppelli Loponte Luciana
Published: August 2024

A partir de práticas artísticas comunitárias realizadas em locais do interior, esse artigo busca pensar modos de promover processos decoloniais na formação docente em Artes Visuais.  Ações e obras dos coletivos Inço e Adentro, além do projeto Una Escuela Sustentable, as quais deslocam noções colonizadas de arte, atuando de modo comunitário e fora de centros de poder, são pensadas quanto às suas contribuições para a docência em artes visuais. Tais exemplos podem expandir as concepções de arte para além das noções da história universal da arte, por meio de poéticas coletivas e situadas. Ensinam também que a sustentabilidade nos territórios deve considerar a simultaneidade entre a valorização local e a crítica das heranças coloniais.
COMUNIDADE E ESCOLA
Authors: Betker Carine
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo são apresentados aspectos que compõem a relação entre escola e comunidade, que puderam ser observados durante parte da pesquisa de doutorado desenvolvida ao longo de 2022, a qual adotou como principal base teórica os escritos de Suely Rolnik (2019) e Catherine Walsh (2017), enfatizando os conceitos de micropolítica e pensamento decolonial. Durante a pesquisa, foram realizadas entrevistas com professoras e professores de artes visuais que atuam ou atuaram na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre- RS e aqui trago um recorte de trechos das entrevistas que apontam possibilidades de relações entre escola e comunidade tendo a arte como desencadeadora de diálogos.
Spanish Political Parties: Foreign Policy and National Security Problems
Authors: Cherkasova E.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the stages of formation of foreign policy consensus in Spain in the post-Franco period. Over the course of almost half a century, this consensus was violated only twice: the first time, when the Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE) government that came to power in 1982 held a referendum on Spain’s membership in NATO, and the second time, when in 2003, Aznar’s conservative government, contrary to public opinion, supported the intervention of American troops into Iraq. In Spain, a consensus exists on the main directions of foreign policy: European policy; security and defense policy, including NATO; the importance of the Mediterranean region, including the Maghreb; Latin America, and the fundamental role of the UN. Foreign policy as a government policy requires the highest degree of consensus because in this way it gains stability, predictability and authority. On July 23, 2023, parliamentary elections were held in Spain. According to their results, four national parties are represented in the Congress of Deputies: PSOE, the People’s Party (PP), the left-wing SUMAR, and the ultra-right Vox. The paper investigates the foreign policy attitudes of these parties, which will determine Spain’s foreign policy in the current legislature. Primary attention is paid to security issues. The author empathizes the proximity or coincidence of the foreign policy guidelines of the PSOE, PP and SUMAR regarding major issues. This imparts the foreign policy consensus a truly state character. Separately, the foreign policy attitudes of the ultra-right Vox are analyzed, these losing their original radicalism, although aggressive rhetoric remains. In general, it is difficult for the weak government of Sanchez to develop foreign policy for the medium and especially long term, therefore, short-term interests will continue to prevail, and the influence of domestic policy on foreign policy will remain decisive. At the same time, responsibility for building Spanish foreign policy lies with both the government and the main opposition party. Such a policy, based on international law and multilateralism, is for a medium-sized country like Spain the minimum guarantee of independence from major powers.
“The Three-Body Problem”: “Dual Deterrence” in The U.S. Policy and Strategic Stability
Authors: Bogdanov K.
Published: August 2024

The formation of a geopolitical triangle between the U.S., PRC and Russia is becoming the main driving factor shaping the strategic landscape. This raises several key questions for researchers. It is necessary to clarify the peculiarities of the “tripolar” world order from the military-strategic point of view and identify innovations it brings to the existing methodological corpus of studying and maintaining strategic stability. The dynamics of contradictions in this system is complex, characterized by multiple variants of transformation into a more or less stable system, which will form the basis of the emerging multilateral world order. The three main players can enter into different relationship models and change them as the situation evolves. The military-strategic dimension of trilateral interaction has already significantly changed views on the operating factors and the essence of strategic stability compared to the way it was understood at the end of the Cold War. The situation is seen as far less stable than in the bipolar model of confrontation which was realized during the Cold War. It is necessary to rebuild the system of risk reduction measures, including declarative ones. However, it seems clear that such a process could only develop sustainably in parallel with a broadbased process of international political détente. This will require all parties to the process to manage the acute phase of the crisis around Ukraine, creating grounds for revising the foundation of strategic relations in Europe following the principles of equal and indivisible security. At the same time, a comprehensive regional security system in the Indo-Pacific will be needed that can effectively address the most pressing issues of U.S. – China contest there. Despite the fact that relations in the triangle are currently in an acute phase of confrontation, conclusions should already be drawn about the practical forms of realizing the notions of strategic stability through arms control measures.