bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhaled Prostacyclin on Exercise Echocardiographic Cardiac Function in Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure
Authors: HUANG CHEN-YU , LEE JEN-KUANG , CHEN ZHENG-WEI , CHENG JEN-FANG , CHEN SSU-YUAN , LIN LIAN-YU , WU CHO-KAI
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Treatments that improve outcomes in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have shown no benefits for those with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Our study aimed to investigate the effect of inhaled iloprost on myocardial performance during exercise in HFpEF.

Methods

The study participants were enrolled from the ILO-HOPE trial (NCT03620526), a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that was designed to investigate the effects of iloprost on cardiovascular hemodynamics during exercise in patients with HFpEF. Subjects were randomized 1:1 to inhalation of iloprost or placebo for 5 min. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography with high temporal resolution was implemented to measure left ventricular (LV) longitudinal strain, LV diastolic function, and RV function both at rest and during supine exercise at 20-W workload.

Results

LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) in response to exercise increased more in the iloprost group (LV GLS, −24.96 ± 1.20 vs −20.75 ± 3.00, P < 0.001). Iloprost also resulted in greater increment of LV GLS during exercise (ΔLV GLS, +6.02 ± 1.39 vs +3.44 ± 0.80, P < 0.001). Moreover, iloprost use was associated with enhancement of LV diastolic function, RV systolic function, and relief of pulmonary hypertension during exercise.

Conclusions

In patients with HFpEF, inhaled iloprost favorably improved myocardial performance during exercise by increasing LV GLS reserve, decreasing LV diastolic filling load, and reducing stress-induced pulmonary hypertension and thereby improving RV systolic function. Larger studies are needed to validate the result and long-term benefits of iloprost in patients with HFpEF.
Skeletal Effects of Nine Months of Physical Activity in Obese and Healthy Weight Children
Authors: KONDIBOYINA VINEEL , RAINE LAUREN B. , KRAMER ARTHUR F. , KHAN NAIMAN A. , HILLMAN CHARLES H. , SHEFELBINE SANDRA J.
Published: September 2019

Purpose

Obesity during adolescence has multisystem health consequences. The objective of this work was to determine whether preadolescent overweight/obese children’s bones respond to a 9-month physical activity intervention by increasing bone density similar to healthy weight children.

Methods

Participants included overweight/obese (BMI > 85%) and healthy weight (15% < BMI < 85%) preadolescents (8–9 yr old). Participants in the physical activity group participated in a 9-month physical activity curriculum every day after school. The wait list control group received no intervention. Both groups had overweight/obese children and healthy weight controls. Whole-body bone mineral content, area, and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) were assessed using dual x-ray absorptiometry) at the beginning and end of the 9-month trial in the physical activity and control group.

Results

Overweight/obese preadolescent children had higher BMAD than healthy weight children (P< 0.001 for spine, leg, and whole body). However, the density/weight (BMAD/lean mass) was lower in overweight/obese children than that in healthy weight children, indicating that the density of bones in overweight/obese children may not compensate sufficiently for the excessive load due to weight. The change in BMAD over 9 months was greater in healthy weight children than overweight/obese children in the whole body and leg, but not the lumbar spine. Physical activity caused a site-specific increase in bone density, affecting the legs more than the lumbar spine, but there was no significant difference in the effect of exercise between the healthy weight and the overweight/obese group.

Conclusions

The smaller change in BMAD over the 9 months and lower BMAD per unit lean mass in overweight/obese compared with healthy weight children may indicate a slower rate of bone mass accrual, which may have implications for bone health during skeletal growth in obese/overweight children.
Penal law
Authors: АБАТУРОВ АЛЕКСАНДР ИВАНОВИЧ , ABATUROV ALEXANDER IVANOVICH , Боровиков Сергей , Borovikov Sergey , ДВОРЯНСКОВ ИВАН ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ , Dvoryanskov Ivan Vladimirovich
Published: September 2019

The textbook is prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Executive code of the Russian Federation, Federal laws, international legal acts. It examines in detail the concepts, categories and institutions of the General and Special parts of the criminal Executive law. All changes of the legislation regulating the order and conditions of execution of criminal penalties and other criminal-legal measures are considered, and also the latest scientific, educational and methodical literature on criminal-Executive law is used. The material is presented in an accessible form for effective assimilation of the training course.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
For students, cadets, students studying in the direction of training "Jurisprudence", employees of the criminal Executive system and other law enforcement agencies, as well as for anyone interested in the application, execution and serving of criminal penalties and other criminal legal measures.
Représenter le renouveau : la modernité dans les traductions françaises de la "Vita nova" de Dante
Authors: Collani Tania
Published: September 2019

Representing a Renewal: Modernity in French Translations of Dante’s Vita nova The young Dante Alighieri’s “little book” Vita nuova (or Vita nova or New Life), has achieved an unprecedented editorial success since the 19th century. In fact, five translations into French were published in less than 70 years, showing the value that this “minor” work of the medieval Florentine poet acquired in this period. As a matter of fact, Dante’s medieval lifetime assumed alternately romantic, melancholic, decadent and symbolist nuances and embodied the emerging ideal of life as a work of art. This “life” depicted in Dante’s book was defined by an adjective, sometimes given in its Latin form nova, sometimes Italianized as nuova, which easily started the contemporary and vivid debate on modernity, where youth and novelty became salient features.
La traduction comme métareprésentation
Authors: Mitura Magdalena
Published: September 2019

Translation as Metarepresentation: Nominal Sentence in Narrative Macro-Structures The style of each writer reflects the individual and fragmentary reflection of non-linguistic reality, which serves as the building material of the world (re)created in a literary work. The formal realisation of this subjective vision takes place through narrative macro-structures, such as narration and description. By its nature, translation of a literary work can be seen as a metarepresentation: a discursive representation created by the translator based on an artistic organization imposed by the author of the original.The aim of the article is to show how the translation techniques of nominal constructions influence the dynamics of the narrative and the way of representation inscribed in the new discourse. Our investigation confirms the hypothesis that the motives of the translator’s choices are not limited to the grammatical asymmetries between the Polish and French language systems, but result from previous stylistic models.
Traduction – représentation – exploitation
Authors: Solová Regina
Published: September 2019

Translation – Representation – Exploitation. The Polish Events of 1980-1981 in the Magazine Polska: czasopismo ilustrowane

The magazine Polska: czasopismo ilustrowane was created to present the cultural, economic and social events of People’s Poland to foreign readers. The Polish original of the monthly and its western editions (German, English, Spanish, French, and – until June 1981 – Swedish) were produced by the services of the Polish Agency Interpress, responsible for the publication and foreign dissemination of the magazine in accordance with the objectives of state propaganda.The aim of this contribution is to examine how the Polish events of 1980-1981 were represented in the monthly, taking into account that the propaganda policies of the communist countries used to vary depending on both the socio-political events and the target audience. The analysis of a selection of texts from the Polish edition (the translations faithfully imitated the original) published between August 1980 and November 1981 shows that the representation of the Polish thaw (the strikes, the creation of the trade union “Solidarity”, and the authorities’ reaction) was dominated by the pro-government point of view, and that the liberalization of the editorial line lasted for only four months. The exploitation of the magazine for propaganda purposes was more important than the desire to adapt it to the intended audience.
Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Biogas Production from Rice Straw
Authors: Pansripong Saran , Arjharn Weerachai , Liplap Pansa , Hinsui Thipsuphin
Published: September 2019

The effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on biogas production from rice straw was investigated. Results showed that the application of 37 and 102 kHz resulted in a reduction of hemicellulose about 25.78% and 20.82%, respectively. An increase in the power level and exposition time decreased the hemicellulose content. The biochemical methane potential values at 37 kHz and 102 kHz of the pretreated rice straw for a period of 45 days were 250.36 and 243.79 mL CH4 g VS-1added, which were about 21.95% and 18.75% increase compared to the unpretreated one, respectively. The pretreatment with 37 kHz has provided a better methane yield compared to the one with 102 kHz. Response surface methodology indicated a positive result toward the methane yield and production rate. The utilization of ultrasonic pretreatment toward rice straw for biogas production seems to provide a solution to help solving the problems of both agricultural waste and renewable energy.
Bioremediation of Phenolic Waters using the Microalgae Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii
Authors: Aponte Jorge Sanchez- , Navarro Ildefonso Baldiris- , Virviescas Martha Torres- , Bohorquez Carlos
Published: September 2019

In this research, the capacity of biodegradation of phenolic compounds using the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was evaluated, as well as the impact of the contaminant on the growth of the microalgae. The bioassays consisted on three phenol concentrations: 25 mgL/L, 50 mgL/L and 100 mg/L and a control solution. Bioremediation rates of approximately 99% were obtained, showing no significant difference between medium and high concentration bioassays. A good microalgae growth rate was obtained for the tests at low and medium concentration, they were above the control bioassay, but the high concentration bioassay showed an inhibition in the cell growth, this one presented growth below the control bioassay. The use of the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in bioremediation processes of phenolic effluents, whose concentrations are below 100 mg/L, is proposed for future research.
An Investigation of Ultrasonic Velocity and Allied Parameters of Terbium Octanoate in Binary Organic Solvent
Authors: Singh Chitra , Upadhyaya S. K. , Kishore Kamal
Published: September 2019

Ultrasonic velocity technique has been employed to estimate the critical micellar concentration (CMC), solute-solvent interactions, compressibility behavior and ultrasonic allied parameters of terbium octanoate in mixed organic solvent at four different temperatures i.e. 25, 30, 35 and 40oC. The results have revealed that value of CMC increase with elevating temperature and there exist significant interactions between terbium octanoate and solvent molecules after micellization.
Methods for Determining the Solubility Parameter of Additives for Lubricating Oils
Authors: Stanciu Ioana
Published: September 2019

In this article I have been looking at the determination of the solubility parameter by two methods for an additive KELTAN 4200 used in lubricating oils. To determine the solubility parameter, it is necessary to know the intrinsic viscosities of the polymer in as many solvents with different solubility parameters. Determination of the partial and global solubility parameters was done, first, using the Hansen method, then by an improved method.
Preparation of Benzimidazole Based Coumarin Derivatives as Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Agents
Authors: Imran Mohd.
Published: September 2019

The aim of the present work was to afford benzimidazole-based coumarins as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. The compounds 3a-3j were prepared by reaction the compounds 1a-1b with the compounds 2a-2e in acetone. Chemical structures of 3a-3j were proven by their spectral analysis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of 3a-3j were recorded by serial dilution procedure. Antioxidant potential was assessed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method. Compounds 1a and 3g were identified as promising antimicrobial agents. Most of the compounds displayed moderate antioxidant activity. It has been concluded that the replacement of the 2-butylthio group with 2-pentylthio or 2-hexylthio substituents and the coumarin structure with another close flavonoid structure may provide better dual antimicrobial/antioxidant compounds.
In Vivo Hypoglycemic Activities of Male and Female Antidesma Bunius (L.) Spreng. in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Grijaldo Sheryl Joyce B. , Quiming Noel S. , Nicolas Marilou G. , Alvarez Michael Russelle S.
Published: September 2019

Diabetes mellitus, a complex chronic disease that is associated with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) affects millions of people worldwide. This study evaluated the hypoglycemic activities of male and female Antidesma bunius, commonly known as currant tree or bignay, extracts in alloxan-treated ICR mice. In addition, the effects of the treatments on blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels were determined. Phytochemical screening using standard protocol was performed. Plant extracts (500 mg/kg) were administered orally via gavage for 14 days and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were monitored prior to alloxan-induction on the day of alloxan-induction, and on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days of treatment. Sera were collected on the 14th day to measure the BUN and creatinine levels. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard TLC spray tests. All extracts were found to significantly lower FBG levels compared to the positive (glibenclamide 10 mg/kg) and negative (distilled water) controls (One-way ANOVA, p-value<0.0001). The most active extract, aqueous male A. bunius extract, significantly lowered FBG levels by as much as 61.26±17.89% after the 14th day (paired t-test, p-value = 0.0211). Both BUN and creatinine values were found to be significantly different in the treated mice compared to the controls (One-way ANOVA, p-value = 0.0005 and 0.000479, respectively). The BUN level of all mice was still within normal range, unlike with the creatinine level where only the female and male aqueous A. bunius and female ethanolic A. bunius extracts were within normal range. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, tannins, and polyphenols, phlobatannins, steroids and terpenoids. This study demonstrates the potential of male and female A. bunius leaf extracts to reduce fasting blood glucose levels. Additional work, pertaining to the identification of possible bioactive compounds and establishing the mechanisms thereof, could be performed.
The use of Silica Supported Nickel-Copper Oxide Catalyst for Photodegradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Prodjosantoso Anti Kolonial , Shelma Farrasiya Indika , Budiasih Kun Sri , Utomo Maximus Pranjoto
Published: September 2019

Photodegradation is a save and low cost methods to clean water bodies from some organic pollutants. The method has been developed in term of increasing the efficiency of the degradation capacity of photocatalyst. The photocatalyst working under visible light is the most desirable. The preparation of silica supported nickel-copper oxide [(Ni-Cu)Ox@SiO2] catalyst and the use of the catalyst in the photodegradation of methylene blue in the water are reported. The catalyst was prepared by impregnating the silica support into the mixture of nickel and copper salts, followed by calcination at 800○C for 4 hours. A series method of XRD, SEM-EDX, and UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance has been used to characterize the catalyst. The catalyst adsorption test was undertaken in the dark, and the catalyst activity test for photodegradation of methylene blue was conducted under the sunlight. The XRD diffractogram of as prepared (Ni-Cu)Ox@SiO2 shows a weak-wide peak at 2θ = 21.8° indicating SiO2 tridymite, and has a crystallite size of 10.38 nm. The combination method of SEM and EDX confirms the formation of (Ni-Cu)Ox@SiO2. The (Ni-Cu)Ox@SiO2 catalyst has a relatively low bandgap energy and shows a good activity for photodegradation of blue methylene under sunlight. The adsorption of the methylene blue on the (Ni-Cu)Ox@SiO2 follows the Langmuir isotherm pattern.
“I didn’t think this service was for people like us”: improving service response to BME survivors of sexual violence
Authors: Cancoro de Matos Mariana , McFeely Clare
Published: September 2019

Characteristics such as race, age, social economic status and sexual orientation, have an impact on women’s experiences of sexual violence and subsequent contact with services. In this qualitative study, we focused on the intersections of race and gender. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight key informants from statutory and third sector organisations to explore their responses to, and strategies for providing services for BME survivors of sexual violence. Results indicate the need to develop racial literacy and cultural sensitivity in individual practice as well as within the wider organisations. An intersectional approach is essential to adequately support survivors of sexual violence and address social inequalities.
El coste del smarphone entre los profesionales de la comunicación: análisis de las consecuencias sociales, laborales y personales.
Authors: De-Frutos-Torres Belinda , Collado-Alonso Rocío , García-Matilla Agustín
Published: September 2019

Los dispositivos móviles se han incorporado a la rutina diaria de los profesionales de la comunicación integrando la vida privada y la laboral. Desde la perspectiva de la educación mediática se analiza la valoración que hacen los profesionales sobre las necesidades formativas en competencias mediáticas y las implicaciones del uso del smartphone en su actividad profesional. Se plantea una reflexión sobre el coste inherente del uso de estos dispositivos y sus consecuencias para el conjunto de la sociedad. El estudio se realiza a través de una encuesta a 305 profesionales de la comunicación, la publicidad, la comunicación institucional y la creación audiovisual. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la necesidad prioritaria de formar en competencias mediáticas en todo el colectivo, más que a la ciudadanía. Las áreas de formación prioritarias no se sitúan en aspectos técnicos de los medios, sino en cuestiones éticas, deontológicas y en la prevención de riesgos. La valoración de las consecuencias derivadas de su uso se articulan en torno a tres planos: el profesional, el comercial y los efectos en la sociedad y la cultura a largo plazo. Finalmente se reivindica la desconexión consciente de los dispositivos como un camino para recuperar el control sobre la tecnología.
Los caudales ecológicos en la planificación hidrológica. Reflexiones a la luz de la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo 309/2019 de 11 de marzo, relativa al plan hidrológico del Tajo y sus posibles impactos en el Trasvase Tajo-Segura
Authors: Molina Andrés
Published: September 2019

El artículo analiza la reciente Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo 309/2019 de 11 de marzo, por la que se anula el plan hidrológico de la demarcación del Tajo por no contener una determinación concreta de los caudales ecológicos en cuatro masas de agua estratégicas. El interés del trabajo radica en la potencial afección que podría tener la fijación desproporcionada de tales volúmenes en los usuarios del Trasvase Tajo Segura, cuyos aprovechamientos dependientes del Trasvase están en función del volumen de recursos almacenados en el Alto Tajo. El incremento de estos caudales supondría mayores desembalses y, potencialmente, menores trasvases al Segura. Al hilo de esta cuestión se analizan los aspectos fundamentales del régimen jurídico de los caudales ecológicos, el elevado componente discrecional de su fijación, y la potencial responsabilidad patrimonial derivada de su implantación.
La regulación del abastecimiento de agua en Ecuador. Evolución histórica y realidad actual
Authors: Martínez Moscoso Andrés
Published: September 2019

Las características geográficas, las condiciones climáticas, la biodiversidad, el multiculturalismo y la historia han influido de manera determinante en el abastecimiento de agua en Ecuador. El artículo, a través de un enfoque histórico, explora los acontecimientos más importantes de la provisión del líquido vital desde los pueblos aborígenes hasta la actualidad, poniendo especial énfasis en la regulación jurídica. Para lo cual se detiene en las tres ciudades principales del Ecuador, desde una visión de los gobiernos locales y la subsidiariedad, demostrando que pese a ser un país pequeño, incluso desde el modelo de gestión se han usado diferentes visiones adaptadas a las ideologías de los gobernantes y como repercusión de los acontecimientos políticos e históricos de la época. Teniendo especial importancia el artículo, porque por primera vez se enfoca la gestión del agua en el Ecuador no a través de una visión bicentralista (Quito y Guayaquil), sino se incluye a la tercera ciudad de la República.
Fazer filosófico no ensino médio: sentidos e desafios
Authors: Almeida Francis Silva de
Published: September 2019

Este artigo se insere no âmbito das pesquisas sobre os fundamentos e práticas educacionais e se relaciona com o desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa de mestrado realizada em Uberaba, Minas Gerais. Neste texto, propomos contextualizar e caracterizar os sentidos e os desafios apontados pelos professores de filosofia ao ensino desta disciplina em nível médio. Pautamo-nos em perspectiva qualitativa, tendo em conta o emprego de questionário misto para a produção de dados (GIL, 2010) e a opção pela técnica da análise temática de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2010). Nosso referencial teórico encontra sustentação no entretecimento das ideias de Deleuze (1992, 2006), Deleuze e Guattari (1995, 1997a, 1997b, 2005), Nietzsche (2003) e Foucault (1987, 2006, 2007). Os sentidos e os desafios atribuídos pelos professores pesquisados evidenciam um cenário de complexidade: se de um lado os limites impostos pelos diferentes aspectos burocráticos do sistema de ensino e a desvalorização da filosofia como disciplina do pensamento expõem a fragilidade do fazer filosófico no ensino médio; por outro lado, os aspectos que se circunstanciam entre a filosofia e o seu ensino exprimem as condições de um fazer provocativo das rupturas e dos movimentos capazes de enunciar, no interior do próprio pensamento, o cultivo da crítica, da autonomia e da criatividade.
Carta ao Leitor e Apresentação do dossiê “Políticas de Educação Superior e produção do conhecimento no Brasil: novos modos de regulação e tendências” (Letter to the reader and Presentation)
Authors: Silva Júnior João dos Reis , Moraes Karine Nunes de
Published: September 2019

Letter to the reader and Presentation of the Dossier Higher education policies and knowledge production in Brazil: new modes of regulation and trendsResumoCarta ao leitor e apresentação do dossiê "Políticas de Educação Superior e produção do conhecimento no Brasil: novos modos de regulação e tendências"v.13, n.3, set./dez. 2019.Keywords: Higher education policies, Knowledge production in Brazil, Regulation and trends.Palavras-chave: Políticas de educação superior, Produção do conhecimento no Brasil, Regulação e tendências.
Endoscopic Treatment of Intussusception From Massive Colonic Lipomas via Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: A Case Series
Authors: Schopis Michael , Yang Julie
Published: September 2019

Although the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic resection of colonic lipomas has already been described, the ideal excisional technique continues to be debated. Notably, a majority of the proposed techniques focus on small, incidentally found lipomas. We report 3 patients with massive (≥8 cm) colonic lipomas presenting as intussusception that were successfully treated by piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection. We propose endoscopic mucosal resection as the endoscopic treatment of choice and feasible alternative to surgery for the management of intussuscepting lipomas.
Quartz bentonite sandmix in sand-lime products
Authors: Komisarczyk Katarzyna , Czapik Przemyław , Komisarczyk Kamila
Published: September 2019

The challenge related to waste management has become a serious worldwide environmental problem. Highly sustainable solutions, which do not involve reworking the material and are based on waste utilization, are sought. Such waste as used casting compounds, which so far has been used, among others, in construction, road construction, mining and cement production. Descriptions of the use of various waste moulding compounds, such as waste quartz compounds with water glass, quartz chamotte and quartz bentonite can be found in the literature. Due to the high content of quartz and low toxicity of bentonite sandmix, an attempt was done to use them for the production of sand-lime products.

The aim of this article is to determine the suitability of the waste material as a substitute for quartz sand in the production of sand-lime products. The usability of waste was determined by laboratory tests of physicochemical characteristics of the finished silicates. Sand, which is a carrier of silica, was replaced with used moulding compounds with fractions up to 0.5 mm, in the weight amounts of 5.5, 11 and 16.5%. Applying up to 11% of used casting materials as a substitute for quartz sand with a lime content of 5.5% in the raw material mixture has a clearly positive effect on compressive strength. However, the higher share of sand substitution in the mixture weakens the mechanical features of the obtained materials. The absorptivity of the finished products increases with the increase of the inserted additions’ amounts. The influence of significant amounts of casting compound additives on the microstructure of calcium-silicate products was studied as well. It was stated, that they affect the location of the tobermorite in the volume of the autoclaved material.
Motor stroke recovery after tDCS: a systematic review
Authors: Orrù Graziella , Conversano Ciro , Hitchcott Paul Kenneth , Gemignani Angelo
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor recovery in adult patients with stroke, taking into account the parameters that could influence the motor recovery responses. The second aim was to identify the best tDCS parameters and recommendations available based on the enhanced motor recovery demonstrated by the analyzed studies. Our systematic review was performed by searching full-text articles published before February 18, 2019 in the PubMed database. Different methods of applying tDCS in association with several complementary therapies were identified. Studies investigating the motor recovery effects of tDCS in adult patients with stroke were considered. Studies investigating different neurologic conditions and psychiatric disorders or those not meeting our methodologic criteria were excluded. The main parameters and outcomes of tDCS treatments are reported. There is not a robust concordance among the study outcomes with regard to the enhancement of motor recovery associated with the clinical application of tDCS. This is mainly due to the heterogeneity of clinical data, tDCS approaches, combined interventions, and outcome measurements. tDCS could be an effective approach to promote adaptive plasticity in the stroke population with significant positive premotor and postmotor rehabilitation effects. Future studies with larger sample sizes and high-quality studies with a better standardization of stimulation protocols are needed to improve the study quality, further corroborate our results, and identify the optimal tDCS protocols.
Protective effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy and Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells Conditioned Media on Pheochromocytoma Cell Line 12 Against Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Khoshsirat Shahrokh , Abbaszadeh Hojjat Allah , Khoramgah Maryam Sadat , Darabi Shahram , Mansouri Vahid , Ahmady-Roozbahany Navid , Ahrabi Behnaz , Bahrami Maryam , Vafaee Saeed , Tahmasebinia Foozhan , Poor Hassan Mahnaz
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs), a type of adult stem cells, secrete bioactive molecules such as trophic factors, growth factors, chemokine and cytokines that may be effective against oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we examined the protective effect of BMSCs conditioned media (CM) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on PC12 cells exposed to H2O2 as an oxidative injury model. Methods: BMSCs were cultured and confirmed by flow cytometry analysis and underwent osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Then, PC12-H2O2 cells were co-treated with BMSCs-CM and PBMT. The effect of BMSCs-CM and PBMT (He-Ne laser, 632.8nm, 3mW, 1.2J/ cm2 , 378s) on Bax/Bcl2 expression, cell viability, was assessed by real-time PCR and MTT assay. The length of the Neurite and cell body areas were assessed by Cell A software. Results: Flowcytometry analysis, as well as osteogenic and adipogenic staining, confirmed the BMSCs. The length of the Neurite was the highest in the group which received CM+PBMT and cell body areas were significant in CM+PBMT compared to other groups. Based on our results, elevating H2O2 concentration increased cell death significantly and using concentrations of 250 µM resulted in a dramatic increase in the mortality compared to the other groups. Conclusion: Our result demonstrated that the combination of CM +PBMT has a protective effect on PC12 cells against oxidative stress.
The Efficacy of Photodynamic Inactivation of the Diode Laser in Inactivation of the Candida albicans Biofilms With Exogenous Photosensitizer of Papaya Leaf Chlorophyll
Authors: Astuty Sri Dewi , Suhariningsih  , Baktir Afaf , Astuti Suryani Dyah
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Photodynamic inactivation has been developed to kill pathogenic microbes. In addition, some techniques have been introduced to minimize the biofilm resistance to antifungal properties in inhibiting cell growth. The principle of photodynamic inactivation different to antifungal drugs therapy which is resistant to biofilms. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that generating in photodynamic inactivation mechanisms can be damaging of biofilm cells and the principle of light transmission that could be penetrating in matrix layers of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) until reaching the target cells at the base layers of biofilm. The present work aims to explore the potential of chlorophyll extract of papaya leaf as an exogenous photosensitizer to kill the Candida albicans biofilms after being activated by the laser. The potential of chlorophyll photosensitizer was evaluated based on the efficacy of inactivation C. albicans biofilm cell through a cell viability test and an organic compound test. Methods: The treatment of photoinactivation was administered to 12 groups of C. albicans biofilm for four days using the 445 nm laser and the 650 nm laser. The 445 nm and 650 nm lasers activated the chlorophyll extract of the papaya leaf (0.5 mg/L) at the same energy density. The energy density variation was determined as 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 J/cm2 with the duration of exposure of each laser adjusted to the absorbance percentage of chlorophyll extract of the papaya leaf. Results: The absorbance percentage of chlorophyll extracts of the papaya leaf on wavelengths of 650 nm and 445 nm respectively were 22.26% and 60.29%, respectively. The most effective treated group was a group of the laser with the addition of chlorophyll, done by the 650 nm lasers with inactivation about 32% (P=0.001), while the 445 nm lasers only 25% (P=0.061). The maximum malondialdehyde levels by treatment of the laser 650 nm were (0.046±0.004) nmol/mg. Conclusion: The use of chlorophyll extract of the papaya leaf as a photosensitizer, resulted in the maximum spectrum of absorption at 414 nm and 668 nm, which produced a maximum reduction effect after photoinactivation up to 32% (with chlorophyll) and 25% (without chlorophyll). The utilization of chlorophyll extract of the papaya leaf would increase the antifungal effects with the activation by the diode laser in the biofilm of C. albicans
Successful Use of the 308-nm Excimer Laser in Early Patch Stage Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: Armenta Andrew M. , Jones Krystal M. , Reichenberg Jason S.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Mycosis fungoides (MF), a type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, is a rare condition with a variety of treatment options. A frequently utilized method in the treatment of early-stage MF is phototherapy. Full body phototherapy can be associated with photoaging of the skin and an increased risk of developing skin cancer. Targeted phototherapy, with a 308-nm excimer laser, may be just as effective and of a lower risk. This makes it especially useful in the treatment of patients with dysplastic nevi (DN) or other conditions which can put them at a higher risk of developing skin cancer. There are currently limited data on the treatment of early-stage MF with an excimer laser. Case Report: This study reports on a 43-year-old female patient presented to the clinic with early-stage (Ia) MF. Given her history of DN, she wished to pursue targeted phototherapy with an excimer laser. Localized light treatment was performed via a 308-nm excimer laser, 3 times weekly, for a total of 17 treatments to affected lesions. Following excimer laser treatment, she had a clinical resolution of her patches. On the follow-up clinic visits, she maintained her excellent response 12 months out. Conclusion: Targeted phototherapy with a 308-nm excimer laser may be a safer and equally effective alternative to generalized phototherapy in the treatment of early-stage MF. This case report demonstrates its efficacy and advantages over traditional generalized phototherapy.
GÊNERO, MILITÂNCIA FEMINISTA E CONSERVADORISMO NA AMÉRICA LATINA: ENTREVISTA COM FLÁVIA BIROLI, FLAVIA FREIDENBERG E VERÓNICA GAGO
Authors: Candido Marcia , Gomes Simone , Tanscheit Talita
Published: September 2019

Esta entrevista discute os desafios aos estudos de gênero e aos movimentos feministas frente à radicalização da direita na América Latina. Para tal, seleciona três interlocutoras de legitimidade acadêmica na região: Flávia Biroli, Flávia Freidenberg e Verónica Gago. A conversa é estruturada em dois pontos centrais: por um lado, debate a conjuntura de reações conservadoras e as alterações nos espaços públicos provenientes de mobilizações de mulheres por direitos e em defesa da democracia; por outro, confronta a definição de que os “estudos de gênero” constituem um tema específico das ciências sociais, qualificando as perspectivas feministas como vieses transformadores imprescindíveis à ampla compreensão dos fenômenos políticos e sociais.
NOSOTRAS, ENTRE DEFENDER LO PROPIO Y AVANZAR A LA AMPLITUD: FEMINISMO, IZQUIERDA Y DEMOCRACIA EN EL URUGUAY DE LOS 80
Authors: De Giorgi Ana Laura
Published: September 2019

Este artículo tiene por objetivo principal reconstruir la historia del feminismo de izquierda en el Uruguay de los ochenta, focalizando el análisis en la tensión que atravesó a estas iniciativas respecto a las estrategias y sus prácticas políticas. Este texto describe y analiza el campo de posibilidades delineado por las altas expectativas con la política democrática que incentivaron un feminismo “bien comportado” y el pasaje hacia algunas irreverencias o el repliegue hacia espacios que no lograban ser fácilmente politizados por parte de quienes se habían emancipado en el espacio público. Esta revisita a aquellos años no es sólo un modo de narrar la historia del feminismo del sur, también es una oportunidad para revisitar un proceso que ilumina debates actuales sobre la autonomía y las prácticas de los movimientos en el marco de las democracias del sur.
DO “FEMINISMO POPULAR” AO “FEMINISMO PERIFÉRICO”: MUDANÇAS ESTRUTURAIS EM CONTRAPÚBLICOS DA ZONA LESTE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Medeiros Jonas
Published: September 2019

O tema deste artigo é o subcampo feminista da Zona Leste da cidade de São Paulo. Por meio de entrevistas, observação participante e análise de redes sociais digitais foram identificados dois momentos históricos: [i] o “feminismo popular” (associações que atendiam mulheres em situação de violência) surgido nos anos 1980 e 90; e [ii] a emergência simultânea, na década de 2010, da Rede Leste de Enfrentamento à Violência (convênios da assistência social municipal) e do “feminismo periférico” (coletivos com práticas artístico-culturais). Entre estes momentos foram detectadas descontinuidades quando consideradas as suas matrizes discursivas às quais foram nomeadas de mudanças estruturais nos contrapúblicos deste território: (1) fluxos verticais em direção ao Estado tiveram um efeito paradoxal ao abrir espaço para práticas menos institucionalizadas; (2) contrapúblicos digitais e a autocomunicação de massa substituíram uma rede articuladora de ONGs feministas com sedes fora da Zona Leste; (3) o Partido dos Trabalhadores deixou de ser central frente a coletivos apartidários; (4) a pluralização religiosa e a intervenção conservadora do Vaticano anularam as CEBs como contrapúblicos enraizados no cotidiano das periferias urbanas; e (5) sendo as matrizes discursivas do “feminismo periférico” contrapúblicos negros, isto explica a centralidade para este novo ativismo da questão racial e de um código oposicional antirracista.
FARKLI İLLERDEN TOPLANAN SIKMA PEYNİRLERİNİN MİKROBİYOLOJİK VE KİMYASAL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: AYDIN Furkan , ARDIÇ Mustafa
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada farklı illerden toplanan
sıkma peynir örneklerinden Enterococcus cinsi bakterilerin izolasyonu,
identifikasyonu ile örneklerin genel mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal özelliklerinin
tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, 20 peynir örneğinden 84 izolat
izole edilmiş olup bunların 32’si E. faecalis, 31’i E. faecium,
13’ü E. durans, 4’ü E. gallinarum, 3’ü E. casseliflavus
ve 1’i de E. thailandicus olarak tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmada incelenen
peynirlerin toplam aerobik mezofilik, maya ve küf, koliform, enterokok ve
laktobasil sayıları ortalama sırasıyla 7.32±0.95, 4.94±0.89, 4.02±1.88,
5.86±1.38 ve 6.90±1.22 log kob/g olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kimyasal analizler
sonucunda ise ortalama kuru madde, nem, protein, yağ, kuru maddede yağ, tuz,
kuru maddede tuz, kül, asitlik ve pH değerleri sırasıyla %55.44±3.68,
%44.56±3.68, %23.51±2.26, %23.42±5.22, %41.89±5.16, %5.51±2.13, %10.06±5.98,
%6.88±2.62, %0.3779±0.103 ve 5.66±0.14 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak,
sıkma peynirlerinin mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal özelliklerinin geniş sınırlar
içinde seyrettiği ve çiğ süt kullanılarak üretilmesinden kaynaklı enterokok
mikroflorasının zengin olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
HEGEMONI KEKUASAAN PEMANGKU ADAT MINANGKABAU DALAM NOVEL TENGGELAMNYA KAPAL VAN DER WIJCK KARYA HAMKA: KAJIAN HEGEMONI GRAMSCI
Authors: Sari Nita Kartika , Sumartini Sumartini , Qomariyah U’um
Published: September 2019

Karya sastra memang tidak bisa dilepaskan begitu saja dari pengarang dan keadaan sosial yang melatarbelakangi penciptaanya serta segala gejolak kemasyarakatan yang ada seperti kekuasaan dan dominasi yang dirasa merugikan.  Dari tiga rumusan masalah penulis hanya akan memfokuskan pembahasan pada bentuk hegemoni yang dilakukan pemangku adat di Minangkabau. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif.  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan teori hegemoni Antonio Gramsci. Sumber data adalah novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck karya Hamka. Data diperoleh dengan teknik membaca dan mencatat. Hasil penelitian berupa jenis hegemoni yang disadari dan tidak disadari. Terdapat empat bentuk dari hegemoni yang disadari yaitu kekeraan, penindasan, paksaan dan perampasan, sedangkan bentuk dari hegemoni yang tidak disadari berupa provokasi.

There is an inseparable bond between a literary work with the background experience of its writer, and the underlying socio-cultural circumstances behind its creation, as well as all the existing disadvantageous problems in society such as hegemony and dominance. Of the three research problems, the discussion in this article will focus solely on the form of hegemony practices done by the Elders in Minangkabau culture. In conducting this research, descriptive qualitative approach is used. Literary sociological approach using the theory of Hegemony by Antonio Gramsci is used as the research approach. The data are obtained by using reading and noting technique. The data source is the novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck by Hamka. As the result of the research, there are two type of hegemony practices found, the conscious and unconscious hegemony. The conscious hegemony take four forms, there are: violence, oppression, coercion and deprivation. Meanwhile the unconscious hegemony realized only in form of provocation.
ALIH WAHANA HUJAN BULAN JUNI
Authors: Suseno Suseno , Nugroho Bayu Aji
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini menggunakan novel Hujan Bulan Juni dengan karya adaptasinya karya Sapardi Djoko Damono sebagi objek penelitian. Karya tersebut menjadi penting karena mengalami 3 fenomena adaptasi karya atau alih wahana. Novel yang dialih wahana dari karya (kumpulan) puisi dan akhirnya sampai ke karya film. Dari karya paling awal (puisi) ke novel, lalu ke film. Penelitian ini akan mencoba mengkaji bagaimana perjalanan alih wahana ketiga genre karya tersebut. Alih wahana Hujan Bulan Juni terjadi dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah dari kumpulan puisi ke novel. Pada tahap ini transforamsi terjadi secara luas. Secara umum meluas dari tokoh, latar, maupun penceritaan. Demikian dari sifat imajinatif puisi menjadi konretisasi novel. Pada transformasi tahap kedua, mengalamai beberapa karakter transformasi, yaitu percakapan menjadi dialog, puisi menjadi dialog, kembali ke puisi, dan puisi novel sebagai ending film. Karya ini menurut penulis merupakan karya yang syarat dengan kedalaman makna sehingga cukup dapat dimaknai dari berbagai sudut pemaknaan.

This study uses the Rainy June novel with his adaptation work by Sapardi Djoko Damono as the object of research. The work is important because it experiences 3 phenomena of work adaptation or rides. A novel that is translated from a collection of poetry and finally to film work. From the earliest works (poems) to novels, then to films. This study will try to examine how the journey of the three genres of the work was taken. Transfer of Raindrops In June there are two stages. The first stage is from a collection of poems to novels. At this stage phosphorus occurs widely. In general, it extends from the character, background, and storytelling. Thus from the imaginative nature of poetry it becomes the concretization of the novel. In the second stage of transformation, experiencing several characters of transformation, namely conversation into dialogue, poetry becomes dialogue, returns to poetry, and poetry of novels as the ending of the film. This work according to the author is a work that conditions with the depth of meaning so that it can be interpreted from various angles of meaning.
TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF DALAM SINETRON PREMAN PENSIUN DI RCTI
Authors: Fauzia Vina Shifa , Haryadi Haryadi , Sulistyaningrum Septina
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis, fungsi, dan efek tindak tutur direktif dalam sinetron Preman Pensiun di RCTI. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan teoretis dan metodologis. Pendekatan teoretis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan pragmatik, sedangkan pendekatan metodologis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif dan kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa penggalan tuturan para tokoh sinetron Preman Pensiun, sedangkan sumber data penelitian ini adalah tuturan sinetron Preman Pensiun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode simak dengan teknik dasar yaitu teknik sadap, dilanjutkan dengan teknik lanjutan yaitu teknik simak bebas libat cakap yang kemudian diikuti dengan teknik rekam dan teknik catat. Analisis data menggunakan metode heuristik. Penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode informal. Hasil penelitian dalam sinetron Preman Pensiun di RCTI ditemukan berbagai variasi tuturan. Berdasarkan jenis tindak tutur yang ditemukan adalah tindak tutur langsung, tindak tutur tidak langsung, tindak tutur harfiah dan tindak tutur tidak harfiah. Berdasarkan fungsi tindak tutur direktif yang ditemukan adalah tindak tutur direktif fungsi menyuruh, meminta, menyarankan, memaksa, mengajak, dan menantang. Berdasarkan efek yang muncul adalah efek positif dan efek negatif. Efek positif meliputi membuat senang, membuat lega, mendorong, dan membuat tertarik. Efek negatif yang muncul adalah membuat takut, membuat marah, dan membuat sedih.

 This study aims to describe the type, function, and effect of directive speech acts in Preman Pensiun soap opera in RCTI. The research approaches used in this research are theoretical and methodological approach. The theoretical approach used is pragmatic approach, while the methodological approaches used are descriptive and qualitative approach. Data is in the form of speech fragments of Preman Pensiun soap opera figures , while the data source of this research is the speech of Preman Pensiun soap opera. Data collection was done by observation method with basic technique that is tapping technique, followed by advanced technique that is involved conversation observation technique then followed by Presentation of data analysis result uses informal method. Results of research of  Preman Pensiun soap opera in RCTI found various variations of speech. Based on the types of speech acts are direct speech acts, indirect speech acts, literal speech acts and non-literal speech acts. Based on the function are the directive speech act with function of telling, asking, suggesting, forcing, inviting, and challenging. Based on the effects that appear are positive effects and negative effects. Positive effects include making fun, making relief, encouraging, and attracting. Negative effects that appear are making fear, making angry, and making sad.
El delito de trata de seres humanos y la necesidad de creación de una ley integral
Authors: Lloria García Paz
Published: September 2019

El análisis del fenomeno de la Trata de personas ha de ir más allá de su valoración penal, y resulta interesante determinar los factores que influyen en su crecimiento y diferenciarlos de otros que tienden a confundirse con el: el trafico de inmigrantes, la prostitución y la esclavitud. Con esto y un análisis de la figura típica, procede pronunciarse sobre la necesidad de una Ley Integral de Trata, reclamada por el GRETA y  que ha tomado impulso tras la firma del Pacto de Estado contra la violencia de género. Lo se discute es la adecuación de esta nueva técnica legislativa al fenómeno que se analiza y si la  Ley debería limitarse a los supuestos de explotación sexual o, por el contrario, dirigiéndose a regular la trata como fenómeno global, basta con que incluya la perspectiva de género en los casos que sea necesario.