bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Відносна депривація як чинник штурму будівлі Капітолію США 6 січня 2021 року
Authors: Скрипченко Ігор
Published: December 2024

Метою статті є визначити відносну депривацію як чинник штурму будівлі Капітолію США 6 січня 2021 року. Актуальність дослідження пов'язана з необхідністю встановити як впливає феномен відносної депривації на поведінку людей під час проведення протестних акцій в США. В результаті дослідження було встановлено зв'язок між насильницькими протестами в 2020 році та штурмом будівлі Капітолію 6 січня 2021 року. В статті наведено дані соціологічних опитувань, які демонструють зміну поглядів республіканських виборців на застосування політичного насилля. До протестів 2020 року майже абсолютна більшість республіканців засуджували насилля. Після насильницьких протестів, пов'язаних із смертю Джорджа Флойда, республіканці почали ставитися до застосування насилля більш толерантно. Було виявлено, що більшість мітингарів, які увірвалися в будівлю Капітолію 6 січня, раніше були законослухняними громадянами, які не перебували в радикальних чи парамілітаризованих рухах.
У висновках встановлено, що відносна депривація була вагомим чинником, який спонукав прихильників Дональда Трампа спробувати увійти до будівлі Капітолію 6 січня. Ця депривація була викликана відсутністю рішучого публічного засудження насильницьких протестів влітку 2020 року. Виправдання політиками від Демократичної партії США захоплення адміністративних будівель в Сіетлі та Портленді протестувальниками BLM та «Антифа», спонукала появі відносної депривації у прихильників Республіканської партії. Саме тому велика кількість мітингарів, які проривалися в будівлю Капітолію, не усвідомлювали, що це незаконно та суперечить основним нормам демократичної політичної культури. Тому для уникнення подальшого зростання політичного насилля в США обидві провідні партії мають визнати свою провину за зростання поляризації та насилля в суспільстві. Відсутність цього, може призвести до нової хвилі політичного насилля у Сполучених Штатах. Замах на кандидата у президента Дональда Трампа 14 липня 2024 року є вже першою ознакою цієї небезпеки.
Movement as an activity vs. movement as an event: Czech translation correspondences of English walk in locative inversion constructions
Authors: Kudrnáčová Naděžda
Published: December 2024

The article shows that the verb ‘kráčet’ predominantly appears as a translation correspondence of ‘walk’ used in subject-verb inversion constructions lacking overt directionality of movement. In these situations, the movement has the status of an activity. The verb ‘jít’ and its derivatives predominantly appear as translation correspondences of ‘walk’ used in subject-verb inversion constructions involving overt directionality of movement. In these situations, the movement represents an event. The verbs’ propensity to be employed in the types of motion situations in question is underlain by differences in the degrees of the salience of their manner and path schemata.
Adaptation des emprunts à l'anglais dans le discours du marketing : une étude synchronique sur les blogues français du marketing
Authors: Troitskaia Iuliia
Published: December 2024

This article presents a synchronic analysis of English loanwords in French marketing blogs from 2018 to 2023. The aim is to identify and analyse trends in the orthographic adaptation of these borrowings. The study examines the conformity of these loanwords to the standards set by dictionaries and the orthographic rules of the Conseil supérieur de la langue française (1990). The concepts of linguistic borrowing, marketing language, and blogs as a discursive genre are first defined. From a corpus of 2,943 blogposts, comprising a total of 2,071,568 words, 458 distinct borrowings were found. These borrowings were classified into three categories: full borrowings (90.83%), adapted borrowings (6.33%), and hybrid borrowings (2.84%). Each group of borrowings was checked in FranceTerm, Larousse, and Le Robert, and compared with the official spelling rules. The results show a predominance of integral borrowings, with a minority of adapted and hybrid borrowings, illustrating current trends and the variable compliance of these borrowings with French linguistic norms.
On Families with Union Restrictions
Authors: Frankl Peter , Wang Jian
Published: December 2024

Let 𝑛, 𝑠, 𝑣 be positive integers and F ⊂ 2[𝑛]. Suppose that the union of any 𝑠 sets of F has size at most 𝑠𝑣 and 𝑛 ≥ 2𝑠+3𝑣. The main result implies the best possible bound . For 𝑛 ≤ (2𝑠 − 𝑠 − 1)𝑣 the same statement is no longer true. Several statements of a similar flavor are established as well, providing further evidence for an old conjecture of the first author.
Fejezetek az alkohológia tárgyköréből
Authors: Kalapos Miklós Péter
Published: December 2024

A más módon nem kezelhető epilepsziás betegek terápiájára a múlt század első
felében bevezetett ketogén diéta ma már súlyproblémás páciensek vagy más
betegségben szenvedők kezelésében is szerepet látszik játszani. Újabban az
alkoholfüggők egyes tünetegyütteseinek, kiemelten az alkoholmegvonásnak a
kezelésében vetik fel alkalmazásának szükségességét. A ketogén diéta hatásmódját
illetően az egyik elmélet az úgynevezett ketogénelmélet, mely szerint a
hatásmechanizmusban szerepet játszik a β-hidroxi-vajsav GABA-mimetikus hatása és
GABA-szintézist serkentő hatása mellett az acetonnak, illetve metabolitjainak a
K+-csatornákra kifejtett befolyása. Klinikai szempontból a
ketogén diéta általában enyhe, rövid távú mellékhatásokkal jár, miközben hosszú
távú káros hatásai tekintetében nincs megfelelő számú adat. A bizonytalanságok
dacára a ketogén diétának helye lehet az alkoholmegvonás jövőbeli kezelésében.
Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(50): 1969–1974.
ASSESSING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF KAMPUS MENGAJAR POLICY IN ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Rahmawati Rita , Sastrawan Berry , Martin Abraham Yazdi , Roestamy Martin , Purnamasari Irma , Maruapey Muhamad Husein , Ramdhani Muhammad Rendi , Danil Mahmud
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the implementation of Kampus Mengajar policies from the perspective of Islamic religious values. The study aims to analyze how these policies align with Islamic teachings, particularly in fostering social responsibility and educational development. Using descriptive analysis methods, the research involved 17 students participating in the Kampus Mengajar program, with data collected through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and literature review. The findings reveal that the overall implementation of Kampus Mengajar policies is rated at 3.84, categorized as Good, with the highest score in the Disposition dimension (4.08) and the lowest in the Resources dimension (3.55). Notably, the facility indicator in the Resources dimension received a lower score (2.65) due to limited infrastructure. Despite these challenges, the program positively impacts schools with insufficient teaching staff, fostering creativity and innovation in the learning process. The study concludes that Kampus Mengajar is significantly aligned with Islamic principles, particularly in terms of social justice and responsibility, and enhances students' knowledge and contributions to educational quality, reflecting devotion to God and service to humanity. This research highlights the importance of integrating Islamic values in policy implementation to improve education.
THE ROLE OF THE COOPERATIVE SCRIPT METHOD IN DEVELOPING SELF-CONFIDENCE AND PUBLIC SPEAKING SKILLS AMONG MADRASAH IBTIDAIYYAH STUDENT
Authors: Anshori Isa , Majid M. Rofiqul , Fitria Sufatul , Haq Ghazwu Fikril
Published: December 2024

The Cooperative Script Method (CSM) has gained prominence as an instructional approach that enhances key student skills, including self-confidence and public speaking abilities. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CSM on students' self-confidence and public speaking skills. The research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Anwar Sarang using a quantitative approach, involving 37 purposively selected fifth-grade students. Data were collected through questionnaires, complemented by in-depth observations, and analyzed using linear regression and the Sobel test. The results indicated that CSM significantly enhances students' self-confidence (p
Igualdade se constrói com representatividade
Authors: Nadal Lisandra Maria Kovaliczn , Tortato Cíntia de Souza Batista
Published: December 2024

Vivenciamos na educação brasileira alguns retrocessos na construção de políticas públicas inclusivas, como a supressão de termos alusivos à igualdade de gênero. Esta pesquisa objetivou mapear e analisar, por palavras-chave, a perspectiva de gênero na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, a partir da legislação brasileira e documentos institucionais do ensino médio integrado no Instituto Federal do Paraná vigentes de 2018 a 2022. Com pesquisa documental e análise de conteúdo, emergiram as categorias: Inclusão Social, Inclusão Étnico-racial, Estímulo a projetos/ações afirmativas, Epistemologias menos discriminatórias, e Combate a violências e discriminação. Verificou-se termos explicitamente relacionados à perspectiva de gênero, mas pouco articulados a pautas e projetos específicos.
Humor lwowski w Czarnohorze, czyli: Lato spokojnych wariatów. Lipiec–sierpień 1937
Authors: Duda Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

The aim of the article is to introduce the humour of the Lviv intellectual milieu of the interwar period. The contribution is based on source material in the form of a preserved journal of the expedition to the Chornohora in 1937. The paper sheds some light on the main issues related to the notion of a sense of humour in human culture and then edits the source material. The material made it possible to identify one of the participants of the expedition, Stanisław Hubert (1905–1983), a Polish professor of law. The journey to the Eastern Carpathians was an expedition that took place shortly after he obtained his habilitation degree at the Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv. The humour presented in the journal is of an intelligent and affiliative nature referring to the experienced unexpected situations that took place during the expedition. It can be hypothesised that this is a type of surrealist humour that had its origins in the 1920s and is still present in the culture today.
Diecezja Żmudzka w 1830 roku w świetle schematyzmu na 1831 rok (2). Dekanaty, parafie, kościoły i klasztory
Authors: Hałaburda Marek
Published: December 2024

This article presents the administrative structure of the Samogitian diocese at the end of 1830. It constitutes the second part of a text presenting the state of the diocese in the light of the schematism published for 1831. The description of the Samogitian diocese and the previously published edition of the schematism is part of a project to show the state of the Catholic Church on the eve of tsarist repression, which began after the fall of the November Uprising. To date, schematisms of the Luck and Zhytomyr dioceses and the Kamenets diocese have been published as part of the project.
ATOPIC DERMATITIS
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: December 2024

.
ENDOSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF MESH MIGRATION FOLLOWING HIATAL HERNIA REPAIR
Authors: MARTINS Bruno Costa , MARTINS E SILVA Adrielma Athena Rodrigues Serrão , SOARES Ada Alexandrina Brom dos Santos , RIBEIRO JUNIOR Ulysses
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The use of mesh in the repair of large hiatal hernias is still controversial. One of the most feared adverse events related to the use of mesh is erosion into the esophageal and gastric walls. AIMS: To record the endoscopic treatment of mesh that has migrated into the gastric lumen after surgical treatment of hiatal hernia. METHODS: The technical option was to wait for the progressive migration of the mesh into the gastric lumen, monitoring with upper digestive endoscopy, with removal by traction at the best time, with the aid of foreign body forceps. RESULTS: The mesh was completely removed, and the evolution was satisfactory, without complications. CONCLUSIONs: In patients with mesh migration into the stomach who are oligosymptomatic and do not show signs of complications, endoscopic surveillance and subsequent removal of the foreign body can be successfully performed when the mesh is not adhered to the gastric wall, avoiding surgical procedures with high morbidity and mortality.
Optical properties and color stability of a translucent zirconia: effects of finishing after grinding
Authors: Soares Pablo Machado , Zucuni Camila Pauleski , Ilha Bruna Dias , Jacques Leticia Borges , May Liliana Gressler , Valandro Luiz Felipe
Published: December 2024

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of grinding and finishing treatments (polishing or glaze) on the color stability, translucency and opalescence of a translucent zirconia (3Y-TZP) after immersion in red wine. Discs (Ø= 12 mm; thickness 0.8 mm) of 3Y-TZP (Zenostar T, Ivoclar AG) were randomly allocated (n= 8) according to the surface treatment factor: Ctrl - as-sintered; Gr - grinding with diamond bur #4219; Gr + Pol - grinding followed by polishing; Gr + Gl - grinding followed by glaze. Surface roughness and scanning electron microscopy were carried out. All specimens were subjected to daily immersions in red wine for 30 minutes during 18 days. The color differences (ΔE00) were measured prior, after 9 and 18 days of immersion through the CIEDE2000 formula, as same as translucency (TP00) and opalescence (OP) parameters. Kruskal Wallis, repeated measures ANOVA/Tukey, and Spearman’s correlation tests were performed to evaluate the roughness, optical and correlation data, respectively. The Gr + Gl depicted the lowest ΔE00 value after 9 days. The Gr group showed the greatest ΔE00 values in all immersion times, whereas the other groups presented similar behavior after 18 days. The Gr and Gr + Pol groups had the highest Ra and Rz values. The correlation between roughness and color change was moderate and significant (p= 0.02, r= 0.42). No differences were observed for TP00 and OP. The surface treatments affected the roughness and color stability of zirconia, being glaze application more effective to reduce color alterations after the immersion protocol.
Impact of using bitewing radiographs alone or in combination with clinical information on treatment decisions
Authors: Maydana Gabriele Soares , Romero Vitor Henrique Digmayer , Signori Cacia , Uehara Juliana Lays Stolfo , Sande Françoise Hélène van de , Cenci Maximiliano Sérgio , Montagner Anelise Fernandes
Published: December 2024

Abstract The combination of different methods has been advocated to increase sensitivity in detecting secondary caries lesions. This cross-sectional study compared the detection of caries lesions around posterior restorations and treatment decisions using bitewing radiographs alone or in combination with clinical information from patient records. The radiographs (n = 212) were randomly distributed into two sequences for assessment across two phases, with a wash-out period of two weeks. In the first phase (X-ray group), the radiographic images were evaluated without clinical information; in the second phase (X-ray/CARS group), the radiographic images were assessed in conjunction with the CARS score (Caries Associated with Restorations or Sealants) and lesion activity. A radiographic classification system for carious lesions around restorations was adapted to classify the bitewing radiographs included in this study. Evaluations were conducted in consensus by a panel of specialists, focusing on the detection of caries around restorations and subsequent treatment decisions. A chi-squared test was used to compare treatment decisions between the groups, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient was employed to assess the agreement of scores. The results showed a significant difference in the distribution of decisions regarding the need for restorative intervention between the groups (p < 0.001), with the X-ray/CARS group leading to more decisions favoring restorative intervention. There was a moderate to good agreement of scores (κ = 0.749). The combination of clinical and radiographic information was found to influence the treatment decision-making process by increasing the likelihood of opting for restorative intervention.
A comprehensive study on MDP effects: Microshear bond strength and fatigue resistance in 4YSZ ceramics
Authors: Rosa Lucas Saldanha da , Souza Luiza Freitas Brum , Chiapinotto Gratcheva Falcão , Pires Telma de Souza , Piva Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal , Kleverlaan Cornelis Johannes , Pereira Gabriel Kalil Rocha
Published: December 2024

Abstract The aim of this study is to assess the presence of MDP at various stages of the bonding procedure, enhance the adhesive and mechanical behavior of cemented zirconia ceramics. Fifty ceramic slices (15 × 15 × 2 mm) and 48 discs (Ø= 10 mm, 1 mm thickness) were prepared, sintered, air-abraded with aluminum oxide, and allocated considering: 1) microshear bond strength (µSBS) between ceramic slices and luting agent cylinders (height= 1 mm, Ø= 1.2 mm); 2) fatigue behavior, ceramic discs paired and bonded onto fiber-epoxy resin discs (Ø= 10 mm, 2.5 mm thickness), and then mechanically tested (cyclic loading, starting at 400N, with increments of 100N, until failure). Four experimental groups were defined: Universal Primer (MDP primer+non-MDP resin cement - RC), Universal Adhesive (MDP adhesive+non-MDP RC), Cement (no primer+MDP RC), and Primer+Cement (MDP primer + MDP RC). For both outcomes, half of the specimens were tested after 24 hours, and half after aging. Bond strength data was analyzed via two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests, while fatigue data went through Kaplan-Meier and Mantel-Cox post hoc tests. Regarding µSBS, aging impaired adhesion only for the Primer+Cement group (p<0.001). Universal Primer and Universal Adhesive showed the highest bond strength (p<0.05). Despite that, fatigue data indicates no significant differences (p>0.05). In conclusion, systems with MDP-containing components associated with non-MDP resin cement demonstrated enhanced adhesive capability for zirconia restorations. Nevertheless, no differences in terms of mechanical reinforcement were observed.
Updates on placental studies in bitches
Authors: Farias Sarah Fernanda Salgado Tavares , Silva Lúcia Daniel Machado da
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The placenta, despite being a temporary organ, is essential for the development and survival of the conceptus. During pregnancy, it performs essential functions, such as nutrition, protection, circulation, excretion, and secretion. Studies in humans already detail placental measurements, associating them with perinatal outcomes and diseases in adult life. However, in dogs, these studies are still limited. Therefore, this research aimed to review and unify the main studies already published on the evaluation of the placenta in bitches. Although, several forms of placental assessment have been described, more studies on this topic, whether macroscopic or microscopic, are needed to optimize and prioritize immediate and long-term clinical research into the condition of the placenta and its influence on canine neonates.
Xingu Indigenous Territory: nutritional and metabolic profile of indigenous people evaluated between 2017 and 2019
Authors: Rodrigues Douglas A. , Haquim Vanessa Moreira , Mazzucchetti Lalucha , Lemos Pablo Natanael , Mendonça Sofia Beatriz Machado de
Published: December 2024

Abstract The study evaluates the nutritional and metabolic profile of the adult population of the Xingu Indigenous Territory by gender and base hub. It was developed in 18 villages from 2017 to 2019. Anthropometry and clinical, physical examinations were conducted in loco in individuals over 18. A total of 1,598 Indigenous people were evaluated, with a mean age of 36.7 years. Of these, 50.6% were male, 53.2% lived in the Leonardo Base hub, 22.7% in Diauarum, 12.3% in Pavuru and 11.8% in Wawi. Women had a higher prevalence (p < 0.05) than men, respectively, of underweight (2.0% vs. 0.1%), normal weight (46.1% vs. 37.4%), central obesity (63.4% vs. 21 .8%), low HDL cholesterol (77.7% vs. 72.9%) and Metabolic Syndrome (29.0% vs. 23.5%). In comparison, men had a higher prevalence (p < 0.05) than women, respectively, of overweight (46.3% vs. 37.5%), high triglycerides (34.5% vs. 28.2%) and high blood pressure levels (13.1% vs. 8.6%). The Leonardo and Wawi base hubs had the worst nutritional and cardiometabolic results. Overall, subjects had a high frequency of noncommunicable diseases and cardiometabolic risk. Urgent measures need to be taken to control this situation.
Territorio Indígena Xingu: perfil nutricional y metabólico de los indígenas evaluados entre 2017 y 2019
Authors: Rodrigues Douglas A. , Haquim Vanessa Moreira , Mazzucchetti Lalucha , Lemos Pablo Natanael , Mendonça Sofia Beatriz Machado de
Published: December 2024

Resumen El estudio evaluó el perfil nutricional y metabólico de la población adulta del Territorio Indígena Xingu, según género y polo de base. Se llevó a cabo en 18 aldeas entre 2017 y 2019. Se realizaron exámenes antropométricos, clínicos y físicos in situ a individuos mayores de 18 años. Se evaluaron a un total de 1.598 indígenas, con una media de edad de 36,7 años. De ellos, el 50,6% eran hombres, el 53,2% vivían en Polo Leonardo, el 22,7% en Diauarum, el 12,3% en Pavuru y el 11,8% en Wawi. Las mujeres presentaban una mayor prevalencia (p < 0,05) que los hombres de bajo peso (2,0% vs 0,1%), eutrofia (46,1% vs 37,4%), obesidad central (63,4% vs 21,8%), colesterol HDL bajo (77,7% vs 72,9%) y síndrome metabólico (29,0% vs 23,5%). Por otro lado, los hombres tuvieron una mayor prevalencia (p < 0,05) que las mujeres, respectivamente, de sobrepeso (46,3% vs 37,5%), triglicéridos elevados (34,5% vs 28,2%) y niveles elevados de presión arterial (13,2% vs 8,6%). Los polos base Leonardo y Wawi mostraron los peores resultados nutricionales y cardiometabólicos. En general, los individuos evaluados presentaban una elevada frecuencia de enfermedades no transmisibles y de riesgo cardiometabólico. Es necesario adoptar medidas urgentes para controlar esta situación.
Plaguicidas y violaciones de los derechos a la salud y a la soberanía alimentaria en las comunidades Guaraní Kaiowá de MS, Brasil
Authors: Pinho Alexandra De , Calheiros Débora F. , Almeida Fernanda S. , Zerlotti Patrícia , Cereali Mariana , Feiden Alberto , Machado Franciele F. , Zanella Renato
Published: December 2024

Resumen Brasil, uno de los mayores productores agrícolas y consumidores de plaguicidas del mundo, ha expandido su área agrícola en el sur de Mato Grosso do Sul, intensificando la contaminación ambiental y la vulnerabilidad de las poblaciones indígenas. Esta investigación evaluó la presencia de plaguicidas en las aguas de dos comunidades indígenas de MS, Retomada Guyraroká y Aldeia Jaguapiru. Entre 2021 y 2022, se realizaron tres campañas de muestreo de aguas superficiales, de abastecimiento y de lluvia, considerando el calendario agrícola. El estudio siguió el protocolo de LARP/UFSM. En total, se encontraron 22 ingredientes activos (IAs), en que, el 41% causa graves efectos en la salud y el 68% está prohibido en la Unión Europea. Fipronil, 2,4-D, y Atrazina los más frecuentes. Del total de IAs, Los resultados revelan que estas comunidades están expuestas a plaguicidas, violando sus derechos a la salud y a la soberanía alimentaria.
I Foro de Salud Indígena: construcción y capilarización de la Agenda de Salud Indígena en los años 1990
Authors: Abrunhosa Marcela Alves , Machado Felipe Rangel de Souza , Pontes Ana Lúcia de Moura , Santos Ricardo Ventura
Published: December 2024

Resumen Las conferencias nacionales de salud indígena han sido espacios de expresión de ideas y consolidación de propuestas. En 1993, meses antes de la 2ª Conferencia Nacional de Salud de los Pueblos Indígenas (CNSPI), tuvo lugar el llamado I Foro de Salud Indígena. A través de un enfoque metodológico de carácter histórico, este estudio buscó comprender el papel de ese Foro en la construcción de las políticas de salud indígena en la década de 1990. Se analizó un conjunto inédito de documentos depositados por el sanitarista István Varga en la biblioteca de la USP en formato de Dossier. El análisis nos llevó a comprender que existe un arco histórico que se inició en la 1ª Conferencia Nacional de Protección de la Salud Indígena (1986), pero con un fuerte anclaje en el 1º Foro, que desembocó en la 2ª CNSPI, cuyas estructuras argumentativas de sus propuestas se sustentaron en el refuerzo que diversas preconferencias dieron a las tesis del 1º Foro. Entre otros puntos, esas tesis tratan de la implementación de los Núcleos Interinstitucionales de Salud Indígena, de la posición jerárquica de la Coordinación de Salud Indígena en el Ministerio de Salud y de las relaciones entre FUNAI y FUNASA.
Os sentidos da atenção diferenciada para os profissionais de saúde no DSEI Alto Rio Negro-AM, Brasil
Authors: Feitosa Maria Rosineide Gama , Pontes Ana Lucia de Moura
Published: December 2024

Resumo Este artigo discute os sentidos dados à diretriz da atenção diferenciada pelos profissionais de saúde da Equipe Multidisciplinar da Saúde Indígena (EMSI) que atuam no Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena do Alto Rio Negro. Estudo qualitativo exploratório, a partir da perspectiva da hermenêutica-dialética, com características descritivas e analíticas, no qual foram realizadas 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais das Equipes Multidisciplinares da Saúde Indígena e procedeu-se à análise de conteúdo. Como resultado das análises, são apresentados quatro núcleos de sentidos: Atenção diferenciada como um modo de fazer atenção primária no território; Atuação realizada de acordo com as diferenças culturais da população; Autoatenção, medicina tradicional e a construção dos itinerários terapêuticos; e Desafios e dificuldades dos profissionais em lidar com os cuidados tradicionais. Na percepção dos profissionais, a atenção diferenciada está vinculada a condições de realização do trabalho nessa modalidade de atenção primária e, para a sua atuação, destacam a necessidade de respeitar as diferenças culturais da população assistida. Os profissionais reconhecem os usos e efetividade das práticas e conhecimentos indígenas, e as especificidades por regiões.
Access to oral health services in the Xukuru do Ororubá Indigenous Territory (2017-2018): analysis of performance indicators
Authors: Santos Lucas Fernando Rodrigues dos , Oliveira André Luiz Sá de , Andrade Fabíola Bof de , Mauricio Herika de Arruda , Fávaro Thatiana Regina , Moreira Rafael da Silveira
Published: December 2024

Abstract This ecological study conducted with secondary data extracted from the Indigenous Health Care Information System (SIASI) analyzed the access to oral health services provided to Xukuru do Ororubá Indigenous peoples from 2017 to 2018. The units of analysis were the Indigenous villages. The services delivered by the oral health teams working in the context were analyzed, verifying access and performance indicators and their parameters. The socioeconomic and demographic conditions, the provision of services, and the spatial components of the territory were characterized. The correlation coefficients between indicators were estimated. The results showed a growing coverage of first dental appointments, the mean number of procedures per capita, the percentage of tooth extractions, the coverage of supervised tooth brushing, and a decrease in the rate of completed treatments. There were better access opportunities for the Xukuru do Ororubá Indigenous people in the period analyzed. However, there is a persistent need to strengthen the continuity of services to complete treatments. The study points to the need for indicators suitable for the context of Indigenous health and the potential of the SIASI for oral health surveillance.
Condições de vida, nutrição e saúde materno infantil no povo indígena Baniwa, noroeste amazônico, Brasil
Authors: Santos Junior Hernane Guimarães dos , Ferreira Aline Alves , Souza Mirian Carvalho de , Garnelo Luiza
Published: December 2024

Resumo Inquéritos epidemiológicos por grupos étnicos são escassos no Brasil. As condições de saúde e nutrição dos povos indígenas, que enfrentam situações de iniquidades e desigualdades sociais, influenciam negativamente seus indicadores de saúde. Esta é a mais ampla investigação sobre o tema já realizada sobre a etnia Baniwa, uma das mais numerosas do país. O inquérito teve como objetivo analisar condições de vida e perfil nutricional de crianças menores 60 meses e de mulheres entre 14 e 49 anos da referida etnia, residentes no noroeste do estado do Amazonas, na Terra Indígena Alto Rio Negro, área fronteiriça entre Brasil, Colômbia e Venezuela. Os resultados apresentam elevadas prevalências de desnutrição crônica em 52,5% (IC95% 48,9-56,1) e anemia em 68,3% (IC95% 64-5-71,8) das crianças menores de 60 meses, além de sobrepeso em 26,3% (IC95% 18,4-27,0) e anemia em 52,3% (IC95% 43,6-53,6) das mulheres. As situações de insegurança alimentar observadas estão ligadas às más condições de renda e saneamento. A magnitude desses agravos expressa a baixa efetividade das ações de atenção primária ofertada pelo sistema de saúde, com expressivo percentual de internações decorrentes de agravos sensíveis aos cuidados básicos em nível de atenção primária.
Factors associated with death among indigenous and non-indigenous pregnant and postpartum women hospitalized for COVID-19 in Brazil
Authors: Moura Adryelle Katheline D’Elia de , Freitas Glênio Alves de , Pícoli Renata Palópoli
Published: December 2024

Abstract The present article aimed to analyze the association between sociodemographic and hospitalization characteristics with the outcome of indigenous and non-indigenous pregnant and postpartum women, as well as factors associated with deaths among indigenous women hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) due to COVID-19 in Brazil. This is a cross-sectional and analytical study, with secondary data of pregnant and postpartum women of reproductive age, classified into race/skin color (indigenous and non-indigenous), extracted from the Obstetric Observatory, which uses data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. The outcome variables were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression was performed for the factors associated with the death of indigenous people. The highest proportion of deaths occurred among non-indigenous women who were in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy (99.7%), who lived in urban/peri-urban areas (99.8%), as well as in the South/Southeast (99.8%) and Northeast (99.5%) regions. Indigenous people who lived in rural areas and in the North and Midwest regions have a greater chance of death when compared to indigenous people who lived in urban areas and in the South/Southeast regions.
Adequação da assistência pré-natal ofertada à mulher indígena: características maternas e dos serviços de saúde
Authors: Abreu Gislaine Recaldes de , Picoli Renata Pálopi , Welch James Robert , Coimbra Junior Carlos E. A.
Published: December 2024

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a adequação do pré-natal ofertada à mulher indígena e sua associação com características maternas e do serviço de saúde. Trata-se de estudo transversal, de abrangência estadual, realizado com 461 mulheres indígenas que tiveram parto e/ou receberam atendimento pós-parto imediato, em municípios de Mato Grosso do Sul, entre 2021 e 2022. Elaborou-se um indicador de adequação mínima do pré-natal, sendo classificado como adequado quando a mulher iniciou o pré-natal no 1º trimestre gestacional, realizou ≥7 consultas e teve registrados dos exames de rotina. Para estimar as razões de chance ajustadas e os fatores associados à adequação do pré-natal, utilizou-se modelos de regressão logística. Verificou-se que 67,2% iniciaram o pré-natal no 1° trimestre, 51,8% realizaram ≥7 consultas, e 40,6% tiveram registro dos resultados de exames. Cerca de 1 (uma) a cada 4 (quatro) indígena conseguiu atingir a adequação proposta, as características maternas associadas foram etnia, região de moradia e local de residência. A assistência pré-natal evidenciou iniquidades em saúde, com baixos índices de adequação no pré-natal e piores índices entre as mulheres que moravam em aldeias e acampamentos da região sul do estado.
“Do chão dos territórios”: uma entrevista com Weibe Tapeba, secretário de Saúde Indígena do Ministério da Saúde
Authors: Tapeba Ricardo Weibe , Pontes Ana Lucia de Moura , Santos Ricardo Ventura , Almeida Diádiney Helena de , Garnelo Luiza
Published: December 2024

Resumo Nesta entrevista, Weibe Tapeba, secretário de Saúde Indígena do Ministério da Saúde no governo Lula, aborda o processo de reorganização da Secretaria de Saúde Indígena (SESAI) e do protagonismo indígena na nova gestão. Entre os pontos destacados pelo entrevistado estão a avaliação do cenário da saúde indígena no contexto político atual do Ministério da Saúde, os diálogos com as organizações do movimento indígena, assim como a articulação com instituições de pesquisa e ensino. A entrevista destaca a importância da elaboração de estratégias visando a reestruturação da SESAI e o aperfeiçoamento da política pública de saúde indígena envolvendo uma extensa articulação entre planejamento, gestão, financiamento e a participação social indígena com controle social. O secretário enfatiza a necessidade de cooperação política no âmbito do governo federal para promover o desenvolvimento de uma política de “cuidado integral nos territórios indígenas”, defendendo que a concepção de atenção primária à saúde precisa ser ampliada para garantir que os princípios do SUS sejam efetivamente garantidos aos povos indígenas no Brasil.
Perfiles sociodemográficos de las viviendas indígenas en los censos de 1991, 2000 y 2010
Authors: Silva Leandro Okamoto da , Carmo Cleber Nascimento do , Santos Ricardo Ventura
Published: December 2024

Resumen En este artículo se analiza la composición sociodemográfica de los indígenas en los censos demográficos de 1991, 2000 y 2010, y se investigan las desigualdades en el acceso al saneamiento básico y a la electricidad a partir del Censo de 2010. Se propone una metodología que clasifica las viviendas con indígenas en homogéneos, mixtos con un responsable de la vivienda indígena y mixtos con un responsable de la vivienda no indígena. Se observó una desigualdad significativa en el acceso a infraestructuras y servicios, con peores condiciones en las viviendas homogéneos y en las viviendas con responsable indígena. Las diferencias regionales y por situación se superpusieron con las diferencias por tipo de vivienda y ubicación, con mejores condiciones en las zonas urbanas que en las rurales, y en las regiones Sureste y Sur, siendo el Norte la región con menor acceso en general. Se observaron diferencias regionales y entre zonas urbanas y rurales, con mejores condiciones en las zonas urbanas y en el sureste y el sur. Estas desigualdades reflejan la fragmentación de las políticas públicas, las presiones económicas y los procesos de desterritorialización, entre otros factores. El desarrollo de nuevas técnicas y el debate crítico son esenciales para comprender y abordar las desigualdades raciales en el país y promover políticas públicas adecuadas para los pueblos indígenas.
Saúde mental na comunidade Tupinambá da Serra do Padeiro, sul da Bahia, Brasil: comunidade e luta como fontes de saúde
Authors: Mendes Leonardo José de Alencar , Varga István van Deursen , Torrenté Mônica de Oliveira Nunes de
Published: December 2024

Resumo Este trabalho apresenta concepções e práticas ligadas à saúde mental na comunidade indígena Tupinambá da Serra do Padeiro, no sul da Bahia. Pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, utiliza o método da cartografia para mapeamento de processos e relações existentes no território Tupinambá. Observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas, diário de campo e estudos bibliográficos foram as técnicas de produção de dados. A responsabilidade compartilhada caracteriza o modo como se organiza o cuidado da medicina indígena no território. Os fatores de produção do sofrimento psicossocial, as práticas de cuidado e de enfrentamento dos conflitos, são compreendidos a partir das interações entre modos de cuidado indígenas e não-indígenas. A inseparabilidade entre psíquico e social conjuga-se com as dimensões territoriais, reforçando a ligação entre saúde mental e o cotidiano comunitário. A luta pelo território possibilita a reconstrução de um ethos subjetivo que recusa a servidão, deslocando-se de condições de precariedade e subalternização anteriores, com a expulsão do território, para outros processos de subjetivação mais autônomos e coletivos. O exemplo da Serra do Padeiro colabora para levantar que a saúde maior, quem dá, é a luta.
Mental health in the Tupinambá community of Serra do Padeiro, southern Bahia, Brazil: community and struggle as sources of health
Authors: Mendes Leonardo José de Alencar , Varga István van Deursen , Torrenté Mônica de Oliveira Nunes de
Published: December 2024

Abstract This work presents concepts and practices linked to mental health in the Tupinambá Indigenous community of Serra do Padeiro in southern Bahia, Brazil. This qualitative cartographic research mapped existing processes and relationships in the Tupinambá territory. Data production techniques were participant observation, semi-structured interviews, field diary, and bibliographic studies. Shared responsibility characterizes how Indigenous medicine care is organized in the territory. The factors that produce psychosocial distress, care practices, and conflict coping are understood from the interactions between Indigenous and non-Indigenous ways of care. The inseparability between psychic and social is combined with territorial dimensions, reinforcing the link between mental health and daily community life. The struggle for territory enables the reconstruction of a subjective ethos that refuses servitude, moving from previous conditions of precariousness and subalternity, with expulsion from the territory to other more autonomous and collective subjectivation processes. The example of Serra do Padeiro highlights that the struggle offers the most significant health.
Outsiders at Medical School: Indigenous experiences in medical courses at Brazilian federal universities
Authors: Luna Willian Fernandes , Paladino Mariana , Cyrino Eliana Goldfarb
Published: December 2024

Abstract In recent decades, affirmative actions have enabled Indigenous people to access medical school, historically occupied by white people with high family incomes. This research analyzed experiences of otherness by Indigenous people in federal medical schools. This qualitative, exploratory study adopted interviews and conversation circles, with the participation of 40 students from 15 courses. We established four categories of analysis: encounter between “strangers” and the medical school; differences and inequalities; relationships with students and teachers; and conflicts and transformations. We noticed that medical schools are unwelcoming to Indigenous people, with racism, intolerance, and tutelage, when their differences become inequalities, resulting from structural processes in these Brazilian institutions. The Indigenous presence in medical courses reveals social inequalities, causes conflicts, and initial transformations, pointing out paths for plurality and social justice, and possibilities for medical education with visibility and actions for the health of Indigenous peoples.
“Extraños” en la Facultad de Medicina: experiencias indígenas en las carreras de medicina de las universidades federales brasileñas
Authors: Luna Willian Fernandes , Paladino Mariana , Cyrino Eliana Goldfarb
Published: December 2024

Resumen Las políticas públicas de salud y educación dirigidas a los pueblos indígenas han sido esporádicas y con cobertura irregular. En las últimas décadas, las acciones afirmativas han permitido a los indígenas acceder a la carrera de medicina, históricamente ocupada por personas blancas con altos ingresos familiares. Esta investigación analizó las experiencias de alteridad vividas por los indígenas en las facultades de medicina de universidades nacionales. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo, que realizó entrevistas y grupos focales, con la participación de 40 estudiantes de 14 instituciones diferentes. Fueron definidas tres categorías de análisis: encuentro entre “extraños” y la facultad de medicina; diferencias y desigualdades; relaciones con alumnos y profesores; conflictos y transformaciones. Se observó que las facultades de medicina analizadas son poco acogedoras para los indígenas, con prácticas de racismo, intolerancia y tutela, resultando en que las diferencias se convierten en desigualdades, como consecuencias de procesos estructurales en estas instituciones y en la sociedad brasileña. La presencia indígena en las carreras de medicina revela desigualdades sociales, provoca conflictos y transformaciones iniciales, pero también abre caminos hacia la pluralidad y la justicia social, así como una educación médica que permita la visibilidad y acciones para la salud de los pueblos indígenas.
Ditadura, memória e violência nos 60 anos do golpe: um balanço historiográfico e uma proposta analítica
Authors: Pedretti Lucas
Published: December 2024

RESUMO O artigo propõe um balanço historiográfico da literatura sobre ditadura militar, tendo como fio condutor os nexos entre memória e violência. Observando as inflexões na literatura acadêmica ocorridas nos marcos de 40 e 50 anos do golpe, busco delinear a consolidação de três linhagens historiográficas: a que trata a memória como mito, a que analisa as disputas de memória e a que busca incluir sujeitos e grupos sociais marginalizados. Apesar de suas importantes diferenças, argumento que todas são marcadas pela prevalência de uma noção estanque sobre a violência política, que limita o alcance analítico dos trabalhos. No marco dos 60 anos do golpe, defendo que um movimento historiográfico voltado para borrar as fronteiras entre as categorias de violência política e violência comum pode ampliar o alcance e a profundidade das pesquisas que buscam compreender a violência do Estado ditatorial.
Experiências juvenis de millennials e jovens vulneráveis: o discurso do protagonismo juvenil e seus efeitos desiguais
Authors: Motta Luana , Pires Aline
Published: December 2024

Resumo Este texto discute como referenciais de mundo hegemônicos na sociedade contemporânea – individualismo, responsabilização do sujeito, meritocracia e conduta empreendedora – atravessam os esforços de governo de jovens em situações sociais muito distintas, ao mesmo tempo que produzem efeitos muito diversos sobre eles. Nesse sentido, destacamos como a noção de protagonismo juvenil materializa e alimenta a idealização de uma representação hegemônica de juventude, entendida, simultaneamente, como problema e como solução das questões sociais e econômicas de nosso tempo. Partimos de dois contextos empíricos distintos: o ambiente de startups do setor da tecnologia e o de projetos sociais destinados a jovens de periferias. A partir destes casos, buscamos apresentar e problematizar os elementos comuns que atravessam a experiência juvenil contemporânea, forjando subjetividades e produzindo formas de governo que assumem configurações muito diversas em relação a esses dois grupos. A análise cruzada destas experiências também revela como essa lógica se materializa em categorias relativas à juventude, como millennials ou juventude vulnerável, as quais, ainda que idealizadas, produzem realidade e efeitos muito concretos nos modos de governo e nas experiências juvenis. A pesquisa sobre profissionais de tecnologia em startups foi realizada a partir de entrevistas e observação em espaços de trabalho e a pesquisa de projetos sociais foi conduzida a partir de etnografia da rotina desses espaços.
Do feminino como diferença à multidão de diferenças: feminismo, teoria queer e subversões da psicanálise
Authors: Pombo Mariana
Published: December 2024

Resumo: Este artigo pretende apresentar, em primeiro lugar, a teoria feminista de Luce Irigaray e, em segundo, as teorias queer de Judith Butler e de Paul B. Preciado, procurando ressaltar suas críticas à psicanálise e propostas subversivas. Parte-se da hipótese de que essas teorias, por estarem inscritas em momentos históricos diferentes (a de Irigaray, na segunda onda feminista, enquanto a de Butler e Preciado, na terceira), trazem divergências a serem exploradas, buscando-se, ainda, enfatizar como cada uma contribui no sentido de pensarmos em novas teorias e práticas em psicanálise.
Therapeutic potential of otological formulations composed from Triticum aestivum, Bixa orellana, Tris-EDTA and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of canine otitis externa
Authors: Brito Risciela Salardi Alves de , Freitas Giulia Batista de , Andrade Júnior Antônio Gonçalves de , Freitag Rogério Antônio , Vianna Renato , Bruhn Fábio Raphael Pascoti , Jorge Sérgio , Nobre Márcia de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of three otological solutions based on plant extracts and adjuvants in treating canine otitis externa. Three different ear solutions were developed, composed of ethanolic extracts of Triticum aestivum, Bixa orellana, and Tris-EDTA, ethanolic extracts of Triticum aestivum, Bixa orellana, and N-acetylcysteine, and a combination of Triticum aestivum, Bixa orellana, N-acetylcysteine, and Tris-EDTA. A commercial product was used as the control. The study included 64 dogs diagnosed with otitis externa, randomly divided into four groups, treated once daily for seven days. Clinical signs of otalgia, pruritus, odor, erythema, and cerumen amount were evaluated on days D0, D3, and D7. Samples for bacterial, fungal cultures, and cytology were collected before and after treatments. Clinical signs were scored from 0 to 3, with a sum generated per animal and group during each evaluation day. All evaluated compounds effectively reduced clinical signs and microorganisms involved in canine external otitis cases.
Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors in focal properties of equine infectious anemia in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
Authors: Machado Rafaela de Carvalho , Jardim José Conrado do Santos , Traesel Carolina Kist , Finger Paula Fonseca , Rodrigues Rogério Oliveira , Brum Mario Celso Sperotto
Published: December 2024

Abstract In Brazil, equine infectious anemia (EIA) infection is widespread in various regions, with variable prevalence levels. The objective of this work was to determine the epidemiological characteristics that could contribute to its dissemination on the western border of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. To accomplish this, an epidemiological questionnaire was administered to equine owners who had experienced EIA-positive animals on their properties from 2009 to 2019. The interviewees were contacted via phone calls, and the questions aimed to identify patterns among properties, on animal management, health, and owner’s knowledge about the infection. The primary information was acquired from the data of the Official Veterinary Service (OVS) through data compilation and tabulation of the official forms. Additionally, the same questionnaire was applied to properties without records of the infection, as control. The results were analyzed using forward logistic regression to explore potential risk associations. Out of a total of 123 focal properties, 28 interviews were completed, six were interrupted or declined, 55 did not respond to phone calls, and 34 had outdated contact information. Among the 30 control properties, 15 agreed to participate in the survey. The results suggest that breeding, management, and sanitary control practices are Similar between focal and control properties. Only two related risk factors could be distinguished for properties that have never engaged in these practices, which were animal transit outside the property and contact with other horses. In addition, it was observed that the official register is outdated for a significant number of properties.