bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The potential of Bursa city parks to provide natural food for urban wildlife
Authors: Uğurlu Zeynep , Yılmaz Mustafa
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the periods during which fruit-bearing woody plant species in the study area parks have ripe fruits, thereby revealing the potential of these parks to provide food resources for urban wildlife. The study was conducted in three major parks in Bursa: Reşat Oyal Culture Park, Soğanlı Botanical Park and Hüdavendigar City Park. To determine the periods and durations during which each plant species bears ripe fruits, the study area parks were visited once a week for one year. During the visits, the times when the fruit-bearing woody plant species had ripe fruits were recorded on a species-time table. Reşat Oyal Culture Park hosts 32 species of fruit-bearing woody plants, Soğanlı Botanical Park has 35 species, and Hüdavendigar City Park hosts 17 species. The oldest park, Reşat Oyal Culture Park, has the highest number of native fruit-bearing plant species with 18, while the newest park, Hüdavendigar Urban Park, has the lowest number with 8 species. On a weekly average, 7.9 plants in Reşat Oyal Culture Park, 9.6 plants in Soğanlı Botanical Park, and 4.8 plants in Hüdavendigar City Park bear ripe fruits. A statistically significant difference was found between the data from Reşat Oyal Culture Park and Soğanlı Botanical Park compared to the data from Hüdavendigar City Park (P>0.05). In urban ecosystems, fruity woody plants provide natural food for urban wildlife. The use of native and fruit-bearing woody plant species in urban plantings has an important role in the sustainability of urban wildlife.
Hybrid system for nitric oxide and hydrogen production
Authors: Selemir V. D. , Shirshin A. S. , Buranov S. N. , Valueva J. V. , Golovanov V. V. , Smirnov D. P. , Tyrzov V. N.
Published: October 2024

The device for nitric oxide inhalation therapy TIANOX has been put into use in clinical practice. It produces NO in nonequilibrium plasma of a diffusive spark discharge in the air at atmospheric pressure. There is a tendency to use a therapeutic gas mixture with high NO concentration for inhalation in the developing medical treatment methods. Nitric oxide transition into active compounds such as nitric dioxide, peroxynitrite, and nitrotyrosine can lead to oxidative stress. The use of hydrogen as an antioxidant that decreases the levels of hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite can protect cells from oxidative damage. Positive effect of the nitric oxide mixture and hydrogen is shown in the experiments with animals.

The aim of the article is to describe development and performance the first hybrid system producing nitric oxide and hydrogen that was created in Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics”. The system is based on the plasmochemical generator Tianox and the hydrogen generator, which is based on the electrolyzer with a solid polymeric electrolyte. It is fitted with H2, NO, and NO2 monitor and provides a continuous monitoring of concentrations of these gases and helps ensure safety of medical procedures by disconnecting NO and H2 generators at the moment when the gas concentrations exceed maximum levels (H2max, NOmax, NO2max).

Conclusion. This hybrid system for nitrogen and hydrogen production passed the first study in human successfully. The preclinical studies also demonstrated its efficacy and safety.
Enhancing Student Engagement in a Flipped Hindi Classroom through Classroom Response Systems
Authors:   Department of Hindi, College of Asian Languages and Cultures, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Koh Taejin
Published: October 2024

Flipped learning, known for promoting critical thinking and learner-centric environments, faces a challenge in crafting effective in-class strategies, particularly in language classes. This study presents a flipped learning class centered around instant feedback integration. The goal is to enhance student engagement in a Hindi flipped classroom by combining Classroom Response System (CRS) with deliberate instructional strategies. While CRS is recognized for promoting active learning, limited research exists on designing effective in-class activities using CRS in a flipped setting. In this Hindi class, the flipped learning implementation extended beyond video lectures, encompassing quizzes and student-generated questions. This innovative approach emphasizes student autonomy, engagement, and critical thinking to foster active participation. A survey was conducted to evaluate the perceptions of 33 students enrolled in the ‘Intermediate Hindi I’ course regarding the CRS-based flipped learning, with focus on Satisfaction (S), Engagement (E), and Relevance (R). Employing a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, the study revealed significant correlations between academic performance scores, attendance rates, and interest in CRS-based flipped learning. Higher academic performances were associated with increased interest, while lower academic performances showed diminished interest. A Focus Group Interview with low-performing students further supported these findings. Overall, this research sheds light on the effectiveness of CRS-based flipped learning in a language class, emphasizing the impact on student outcomes based on academic performances and attendance.
The Prevalence and Predictors of Workplace Violence Among Hospital Staff
Authors: Ghavami Vahid , Daghighbin Elahe , Fathi Mohammad , Kokabisaghi Fatemeh , Shabanikiya Hamidreza
Published: October 2024

Background: Workplace violence has always been a serious chal-lenge in health care systems. It reduces employees’ satisfaction and productivity, and increases the potential for adverse medical events. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of workplace violence among hospital clinical staff.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 hospital care staff including nurses and paramedics in 2022. The standard questionnaire of WHO on workplace violence in health sector was used to collect data. To describe the quantitative variables, the mean and standard deviations were utilized, and for analyzing the data, multiple logistic regression model was used. The analysis was performed using SPSS 26.
Results: The results showed that 47.9% of the participants ex-perienced verbal violence at least once in the past year, and 19.3% experienced sexual violence. Regarding the perpetrators of violence, except for physical violence, colleagues accounted for the highest. Most physical violence cases against the clinical staff were perpetrated by one of the patient’s family members. Gender, marital status, and years of work experience were determined as predictors of workplace violence. Married male employees with limited work experience were disproportionately at risk of workplace violence.
Conclusion: Hospital clinical staff were exposed to all kinds of violence, especially verbal violence. Training personnel on the management of workplace violence and enhancing their communication skills and determining the scope, and predictors of workplace violence can help healthcare managers reduce the violence and its complications.
Oral Manifestations in Asthmatic Patients Using Metered Dose Inhaler and Dry Powder Inhaler
Authors: Moghadassi Hedieh Amin , Mehdipour Masoumeh , Fakharian Atefeh , Azari-Marhabi Saranaz , Eslaminejad Alireza , Koushki Niloofar
Published: October 2024

Background: The prevalence of asthma indicates the importance of studying oral manifestations of inhalers as one of the indications of asthma. This study compares two methods of using inhalers, Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI) and Dry Powder Inhaler (DPI) in asthmatic patients.
Methods: 100 asthmatic patients (50 MDI-treated, 50 DPI-treated) and 50 healthy individuals were selected by convincing sampling. The three sampled groups were gender- and age-matched. We performed a clinical examination, recorded the information, and analyzed the data by SPSS21 software using a t-test and one-way ANOVA for quantitative and Pearson’s chi-square test for qualitative indicators.
Results: DMFT index (p-value 0.001), fissured tongue (p-value 0.005), xerostomia (p-value 0.001), and dental erosion (p-value: 0.011) in MDI-treated patients were significantly higher than the other two groups, while the geographic tongue (p-value 0.008) was significantly higher in DPI-treated patients than in the other two groups. It showed that periodontal disease and median rhomboid glossitis had no significant difference between the three groups.
Conclusion: Due to the higher incidence of manifestations in MDI, it is expected that physicians give more attention to prescribing inhalers and give them the necessary training to maintain oral and dental hygiene.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis on Climate Change Impact on Human Migration Patterns and Social Vulnerability
Authors: Atemoagbo Oyarekhua Precious
Published: October 2024

This study conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to investigate the impact of climate change on human migration patterns and social vulnerability. The CFA model consisted of two factors: Factor 1 (engineering knowledge) and Factor 2 (problem-solving skills). The model fit indices showed a good fit: χ²/df = 2.35, RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.93, and TLI = 0.92. The factor loadings ranged from 0.44 (SV3) to 0.87 (MP2), indicating moderate to strong relationships between the indicators and their respective factors. The average variance extracted (AVE) values were 0.36 (Factor 1) and 0.41 (Factor 2), indicating adequate convergent validity. The heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) ratios ranged from 0.63 (MP1) to 1.00 (MP2), indicating good discriminant validity. The residual covariances between indicators ranged from -0.21 (CC2 ↔ SV2) to 0.14 (MP2 ↔ CC1), indicating some remaining relationships between indicators. The misfit plot showed small residuals for most indicators, indicating a good fit between observed and predicted values. Overall, the results suggest that climate change impacts human migration patterns and social vulnerability through two distinct factors: engineering knowledge and problem-solving skills. The findings have implications for policymakers and researchers seeking to understand and address climate change's effects on human migration and social vulnerability.
Metropolitan Flood Risk Characterization Using Remote Sensing, GIS, and Fuzzy Logic (RS-GIS-Fl) Approach: Suleja, Nigeria
Authors: Atemoagbo Oyarekhua Precious , Martins Yusuf Otache , Animashaun Iyanda Murtala , Chukwu Samuel Emeke
Published: October 2024

Climate change exacerbates extreme events like floods, droughts, heatwaves, cyclones, hurricanes, tornadoes, and wildfires, affecting human populations and environments worldwide. Despite varying impacts across regions, no area is immune to climate change consequences. To mitigate these effects, this study employs Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing, and Fuzzy Logic System to map flood vulnerability zones in Suleja Local Government, Niger State, North Central Nigeria. The research integrates satellite and GIS datasets to prepare Suleja's Flood Zonation Mapping. Rainfall data from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NiMET), Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station Data (CHRPS), Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP), and parameters like Slope, Elevation, Nearness to Water Bodies, Land Use Land Cover, and Drainage Density are utilized to identify flood vulnerability. The flood vulnerability map categorizes the area into five zones: Very Low Risk (40.9%), Low Risk (18.9%), Medium Risk (27.6%), High Risk (7.1%), and Very High Risk (5.5%). Considering the stochastic nature of flood characteristics, this study emphasizes the importance of integrating hydro-climatic and physical catchment parameters, leveraging bias-adjusted satellite data to minimize uncertainty. Effective flood management requires quantifying risk, susceptibility, and hazard components to establish a robust control framework. This research contributes to the development of data-driven flood mitigation strategies in vulnerable regions like Suleja. By harnessing GIS, Remote Sensing, and Fuzzy Logic System, policymakers and stakeholders can make informed decisions to protect communities and infrastructure from flood risks.
Investigating the Impact of Sanitation Infrastructure on Groundwater Quality and Human Health in Peri-Urban Areas
Authors: Atemoagbo Oyarekhua Precious
Published: October 2024

This research explores the intricate relationships between sanitation infrastructure, groundwater quality, and human health outcomes in the peri-urban areas of Gwazunu and Suleja, Suleja Local Government Area, Niger State. It focuses on developing evidence-based strategies to mitigate waterborne disease risks. By employing a mixed-methods approach, combining cross-sectional surveys of 200 households and water quality analysis of 10 sources, the study reveals alarming correlations between inadequate sanitation infrastructure and groundwater contamination. Notably, 75% of water sources exceed World Health Organization guidelines for E. coli, with 94.5% of samples containing over 100 CFU/100mL, indicating severe contamination. This has devastating consequences, as 63% of households reported typhoid fever episodes over the past three months. Further analysis highlights the critical role of sanitation infrastructure conditions and population density in influencing groundwater quality. Investing in improved sanitation infrastructure can significantly mitigate the risk of cholera and typhoid fever, reducing it by 35%. To address these concerns, this study recommends upgrading sanitation infrastructure, implementing decentralized wastewater treatment, and promoting community-led total sanitation initiatives. Integrating water safety planning and transition management frameworks can also protect groundwater quality and public health in peri-urban areas. This research contributes to sustainable solutions for safeguarding groundwater quality and public health, emphasizing evidence-based strategies to mitigate waterborne disease risks. The study's findings have significant implications for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers tackling peri-urban water management and public health challenges.
A Questionnaire Based Study on Awareness of Sanitization of Tooth Brushes in Indian Population and Their Disinfection with an Oral Hygiene Aid Sterilizer: A Clinical and In-Vitro Study.
Authors: Patil Dr. Chitra Laxmikant , Ghodke Dr.Monali , Redkar Dr.Gaurav , Dedhia Dr.Maitri , Pal Dr.Poulomi , Jain Dr.Devi
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Oral  diseases  are  a  major  public  health  concern,  owing  to  their  high   prevalence  and  their  relationship  with  systemic  health. Oral  health  maintenance  can   only  be  accomplished  with  proper  tooth  brushing  &  tongue  cleaning. Toothbrushes  are  kept  in  places  which  is  a  hub  of  contaminants. They  should   be  correctly  stored, disinfected  and  changed  at  regular  intervals.
Aims: Our  study  focuses  on  awareness  of  disinfection  of  toothbrushes  among general  population  and  invention  of  a  newer  device  that  not  only  keeps  the  toothbrush  moisture  free  but  also  germ  free:  Oral  Hygiene  Aid  Sterilizer  (OHA-S).
Methods and Material: A  cross  sectional  questionnaire  based  study  of  sample  size  100  was  conducted  in  which  samples  were  randomly  selected  and  distributed  with  a  questionnaire  form. All  the  study  participants  were  asked  to  brush  their  teeth with  the  tooth  brush  provided. After  brushing,  the  contaminated  bristles  were  disinfected  in  the  newer  device: OHA-S  and  were  observed  under  phase  contrast  microscope.
Statistical analysis used: Randomized  control  trial
Results: Survey  results  showed  that  61%  of  general  population  was  unaware  of  sanitization  of  toothbrushes.  The  remaining  being  aware,  almost  72%  did  not  perform  sanitization  on  daily  basis.  Also,  there  was  a  significant  decrease  in  microbial  flora  of  the  bristles  which  were  sanitized  using  OHA-S  when  observed  under  the  phase  contrast  microscope
Conclusions: As  majority  of  population  failed  at  sanitizing  oral  hygiene  aids  daily, OHA-S  was  effective  in  not  only  making  the  oral  hygiene  aids  moisture  free  but  also  in  reducing  the  amount  of  microbial  load  which  is  the  main  causative factor  for  periodontal  diseases .
Studying the Flow Experience in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning
Authors: Lobo Quintero René Alejandro , Sánchez-Reina Roberto , Hernández-Leo Davinia
Published: October 2024

Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) is recognized as an effective methodology for fostering social interaction mediated by technology in ways that potentially trigger learning. The successful implementation of CSCL hinges on factors such as the scripting mechanics for activity sequencing proposed by Collaborative Learning Flow Patterns (CLFP). Yet, research in CSCL scripts has not studied if CLFPs achieves the so-called notion of “flow experience,” defined as an optimal state in which individuals are engaged and absorbed in an activity. This study proposes an approach to measure flow in the case of the Pyramid CLFP and studies the factors that influence the flow experience in the PyramidApp tool. The study tests a model that uses analysis of the Flow Short Scale and data logs. The findings show that there is a relationship between factors such as the speed of individual contributions and active participation in groups with the flow experience. Notably, the quantity of participation does not exhibit a discernible impact on the flow. The study emphasizes the interest of the modelled factors and the proposed approach for learning analytics to understand the flow experience in CLFP implementations.
Redes sociales y conducta suicida en adolescentes: un estudio de caso
Authors: Villarreal Aguilar Beltran , Romero Rojas Gianella , Ocampo Zegarra Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

El suicidio es la segunda causa de muerte en adolescentes, con la depresión como el trastorno más frecuentemente asociado y cuyos síntomas pueden ser explicados por la tríada cognitiva de Beck. Se presenta el caso de una adolescente de 15 años, usuaria de redes sociales como plataforma de información o expresión de síntomas depresivos y del deseo de buscar ayuda. Ella fue finalmente atendida en una sala de emergencia y hospitalizada para el manejo de un episodio depresivo con intento suicida. El caso permite describir el proceso a través del cual una red social influye de manera directa en los trastornos del ánimo y sus consecuencias.
Estudio de conducción nerviosa en población residente a gran altura
Authors: Huamaní Charles , Pérez-Alviz Carlos , Acuña-Mamani Juan , Oré-Montalvo Víctor , Bayona-Pancorbo William , Mateos-Loaiza Gladys , Collazos-Cachique Daniela
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Determinar los valores normales de los parámetros de velocidad de conducción nerviosa (VCN) en residentes de una ciudad localizada a gran altitud. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional analítico aplicado a personas residentes en Cusco (ubicado a 3399 m s. n. m.) sin antecedentes comórbidos conocidos. Se evaluó la VCN motora de los nervios mediano, cubital, peroneo común y tibial, así como la VCN sensitiva, latencias y amplitudes de los nervios mediano, cubital y sural. Resultados: El estudio incluyó 56 participantes, con edad mediana de 24 (22-26) años. Las latencias de los nervios medianos, cubital y tibial anterior fueron menores de 5 ms; y las de los nervios peroneos, mayores de 5 ms. Las amplitudes de los nervios motores fueron superiores a 5 mV y las de los sensitivos estuvieron por encima de los 20 μV. Las velocidades motoras estuvieron por encima de los 50 m/s y las sensitivas fueron mayores a 45 m/s. Conclusión: Se exponen cifras que pueden representar valores de referencia local de VCN obtenidos en población adulta joven residente en localidades de gran altura.
Improvement of Power Production Efficiency Following the Application of the GD InC Maximum Power Point Tracking Method in Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Han Jeongwon , Lee Hyunjae , Shon Jingeun
Published: October 2024

This study proposes a new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method based on machine learning with improved power production efficiency for application to photovoltaic (PV) systems. Power loss occurs in the incremental conductance (InC) method, depending on the size of the voltage step used to track the maximum power point. Additionally, the size of the voltage step must be specified by the initial user; however, an appropriate size cannot be determined in a rapidly changing environment. To solve this problem, this study presents a gradient descent InC (GD InC) method that optimizes the size of the voltage step by applying an optimization method based on machine learning. The effectiveness of the GD InC method was verified and the optimized size of the voltage step was confirmed to produce the largest amount of power. When the size of the voltage step was optimized, a maximum difference of 4.53% was observed compared to case when the smallest amount of power was produced. The effectiveness of the GD InC method, which improved the efficiency of power production by optimizing the size of the voltage step, was verified. Power can be produced efficiently by applying the GD InC method to PV systems.
Understanding Teacher Readiness for Online Teaching and Learning: A Study of Cambodian Higher Education
Authors: Be Borey
Published: October 2024

This study examines Cambodian higher education teachers' readiness for online teaching and learning (OTL) using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. The framework centers around three key dimensions: teachers' self-efficacy in technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK), their perceived online teaching presence, and the institutional support they receive. A quantitative survey was administered to 140 teachers at the university level. Teachers' online teaching experience positively influenced their TPACK self-efficacy. Online teaching experience also had a significant positive impact on teachers perceived online teaching presences. Furthermore, teachers' perceptions of institutional support were positively associated with their online teaching experience. These results highlight the critical role of teachers' online teaching experience in shaping their readiness for OTL. The findings suggest that targeted professional development programs and institutional support mechanisms can effectively enhance teachers' self-efficacy, online teaching presence, and perceptions of institutional support in Cambodian higher education.
Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation on Kynurenine Pathway, Inflammation, Depressive Symptoms, and Stress Reactivity in Males: A Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Bidzan-Wiącek Monika , Tomczyk Maja , Błażek Magdalena , Mika Adriana , Antosiewicz Jędrzej
Published: October 2024

Increased inflammation and heightened physiological stress reactivity have been associated with pathophysiology of depressive symptoms. The underlying biological mechanisms by which inflammation and stress can affect neurogenesis is through alterations of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway, which is activated under stress. Meanwhile, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) supplementation has anti-inflammatory properties and may enhance stress resilience. Whether n-3 PUFA alters stress responsivity KYN is unknown. This placebo-controlled trial examined the effect of n-3 PUFA on KYN metabolism, inflammation, depressive symptoms and mood; and stress-induced changes following a laboratory stressor. Using a placebo-controlled design, 47 healthy male adults were received 4g/d of Omega-3, or a placebo for 12 weeks. A significant group-by-time interaction was found for inflammation markers - gp130 (F= 7.07, p = 0.011), IL-6R alpha (F= 10.33, p = 0.003), and TNF_RI (F= 10.92, p = 0.002). No significant group-by-time interactions were found for mood or depressive symptoms, except for Hedonic Tone (F= 6.50, p = 0.014), neither for KYN metabolites and stress-induced changes to the KYN metabolites and mood following a laboratory stressor. Overall, elevating n-3 PUFAs levels in healthy males ameliorates inflammatory markers but does not ameliorate KYN metabolism, depressive symptoms, mood, or stress responsivity KYN metabolism and mood. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with identifier NCT05520437 (30/08/2022 first trial registration).
Conceptual Design and Simulation of an Ankle Joint Rehabilitation Exoskeleton
Authors: Sergazin Gani , Assylbek Ozhiken , Zhetenbayev Nursultan , Tursunbayeva Gulzhamal , Nurgizat Yerkebulan , Uzbekbayev Arman , Ayazbay A.Abu-Alim
Published: October 2024

The study presents the conceptual development and simulation of a robotic exoskeleton for ankle rehabilitation. The device is designed for ankle rehabilitation in patients with musculoskeletal disorders, injuries, or neurological diseases. The exoskeleton is equipped with three linear electric actuators that provide precise control of joint movements in multiple planes, allowing dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion. By utilizing a screw drive, the exoskeleton provides smooth and controlled movements, significantly reducing the risk of re-injury and improving rehabilitation. Simulation of the device and simulation results showed its high compatibility with the biomechanical features of the ankle joint. Virtual testing confirmed that the exoskeleton provides the smooth, controlled movements necessary for effective rehabilitation. Due to its ability to adapt to the individual physical capabilities of the patient, the device can be used in both active and passive forms of movement support. The results of the study demonstrate the potential of the exoskeleton in clinical applications, including its use in rehabilitation centers and at home. Its cost-effectiveness, ease of use, and high accuracy of movement control make this device a promising solution for restoring the functions of the lower extremities in patients with various musculoskeletal disorders.
Title Foliar Fertilization with Organic-Mineral Compounds: A Sustainable Approach to Enhancing Winter Wheat Yields on Low-Fertility Soils
Authors: Ramazanova Raushan , Tanirbergenov Samat , Sharypova Tatyana , Zhumagulova Moldir , Suleimenova Altynai , Poshanov Maksat , Malawska Małgorzata Suska
Published: October 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of foliar fertilizers containing mineral nitrogen, organic matter, amino acids, organic acids, and trace elements on winter wheat's grain yield to regulate the crop's mineral nutrition. The research was conducted during the 2022-2023 agricultural years on separate plots, with three repetitions and five variants of foliar fertilizer application: urea, the biostimulant Amino Turbo, the organic-mineral fertilizer Ruter AA, and Geofert, alongside calculated doses of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Treatments were applied during the early phases of winter wheat development: the first feeding at the third stage of organogenesis (BBCH 25-29) and the second feeding at the fourth to fifth stages of organogenesis (BBCH 30-31).On average, over three years of research, the most effective results were achieved by applying Ruter AA fertilizer on the leaves, yielding 43.7 kg of grain per hectare. This yield is 3.4 kg/ha higher than that obtained through traditional foliar application of urea. The Geogumat fertilizer, which contains strains of microorganisms, demonstrated similar effectiveness to urea.
Qualitative Evaluation of a Garden-Based Healing and Learning Program for Youth with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Kim Dohun , Park Eunyeong , Yun Hojun , Baek Yumi , Jin Hyeyoung , Cho HyeRyeong
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to determine the impact of garden-based learning on youth with intellectual disabilities (YwID). As it is not easy for YwID to collect information, experience situations, and make decisions independently, this study needed to devise an approach that could help the participants properly utilize the garden’s resources. Accordingly, it developed and operated a customized learning program for YwID and analyzed its impact. The findings show that gar-den-based learning generates specific changes in the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of YwID, such as emotional healing to recover psychological stability, social healing through social rela-tionships, physical healing through new activities, and independent healing through individu-alized plans. Participants experienced sympathizing with others and maintaining positive rela-tionships and obtaining knowledge, skills, and attitudes for behaving responsibly through gar-dening. Garden-based learning utilizing flowers and plants enhanced physical and mental health, improved functioning, helped YwID adapt to the environment, and integrated YwID into society. This is a form of vocational training by which people with disabilities could become employable by learning gardening skills, promoting their participation in society, and upgrading their quality of life. Hence, garden-based learning may transform people’s perception of disability and help people with disabilities respond to challenges.
Improving Laser Welding Penetration Depth Process Capability for Automotive Seat Adjusters
Authors: Tavera-Sainz Jorge G. , Minor-Popocatl Hertwin , Omar Aguilar-Mejía Omar , Miranda Pérez Argelia Fabiola
Published: October 2024

One of the most important aspects in the fabrication of car seats is the quality of its welded joints. In this proposal, a design of experiments (DoE) approach is used to improve the actual process capability (Cpk) of weld penetration depth in automotive seat adjusters using a laser beam welding (LBW) machine TRUMPF TruDiode 3006. Welding speed effects, laser power, and focal position in the Z axis were considered to determine the optimal welding penetration depth conditions, which is a minimum of 1.20 mm in cold rolled steel metal sheets ZE 790 with a thickness of 1.60 mm. The initial process capability evaluation indicated a Cpk value of 0.50, considering the initial process parameters. The proposed design was modeled using the response surface methodology, stepwise reduction technique, F-test, and before and after process capability evaluation for validation purposes. After applying the proposed methodology, a Cpk of 1.81 was obtained, resulting in a significant improvement of the process, reducing defective parts from 6.51% to 0.00%.
Architectural Design Studio Works Exploring Archetype based on Ecological Sensibilities from Experiencing Najdi Architecture of At-Turaif town and Modern Riyadh
Authors: Yun SukHee , Yi Tae Yeual
Published: October 2024

The numbness to human loss becomes ordinary. Indifference to human affairs seems normal after experiencing the global lockdown. Bringing up empathy becomes the most challenging task in architectural design studios after COVID pandemic. Examining otherness solidified after global pandemic would be a way to revive the empathy to engage more in architecture design studios. The physiological disparity between the modern and the vernacular environments narrows down with the revival of Najd architecture, Salmani architecture style and Diriyah Gate Project in Riyadh, KSA. The disparity is caused by intangible factors such as speed and density, but the revival focuses heavily on the tangible, formal expression. The architectural elements in the vernacular, Najd architecture, have different meanings and roles more than being a decorative motif. The feeble values of the vernacular undermined by touristic images are challenged by a series of radical design projects not to be generalized again by picturesque replicas of the past. Seeing the lost, the ecological sensibility of a community or collective will that embraced the harshest land with full respect, might not be visual but radically experiential like a serendipitous breeze in Riyadh. This paper introduces a series of studio works that challenged how to bring back the living structure in the harshest environment to daily lives through experimental and speculative design processes. It proposes how a community is called onto guard the environmental landscape again defying the visual interpretation of Najd architecture in the political landscape dominated by high fence walls.
Acute Kidney Injury in Children: Classification, Recognition and Treatment Principles
Authors: Kopač Matjaž
Published: October 2024

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in children is a critical medical condition characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function. This article provides a comprehensive overview of AKI in pediatric populations, exploring its pathophysiology, the role of various drugs, and the long-term implications for kidney health. Key topics include oliguria, anuria, urine output, hypervolemia and interactions among them as well as role of diuretic nephrotoxicity and glomerular filtration rate. Concepts of electrolytes, acid-base balance and renal perfusion assessment are presented. Basic principles of intensive care unit (ICU) management, renal replacement therapy, and the association with multiorgan failure are described. Additionally, the article discusses the potential long-term outcomes of AKI, including the risk of chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and proteinuria.
Stimulating or Inhibiting? The Impact of Physical Exercise on Chinese Residents' Willingness for Additional Childbearing
Authors: Wang XiaoYun , Wang XiangYu , Chen Rui , Pan Yao , Xue Yi
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the decline of birth rate in China has made the enhancement of willingness to have additional children an urgent social issue. Utilizing data from the 2021 China General Social Survey (CGSS 2021) and employing Logit regression models, Poisson regression models, and Lewbel models, this study analyzes the impact of physical exercise on Chinese residents' willingness to have more children. The results indicate that: (1) Physical exercise has a significant positive effect on the willingness to have additional children, and this finding remains robust after controlling for other variables; (2) Among samples from high-income families and individuals with shorter working hours, physical exercise positively influences the willingness to have more children, suggesting that economic and time factors affect the relationship between physical exercise and fertility intentions. This research is the first to explore the impact of physical exercise on the fertility intentions of Chinese residents, aiming to provide theoretical reference and policy implication for enhancing the willingness to have additional children, effectively unleashing fertility potential, and promoting the construction of a fertility-friendly society.
Peripheral Artery Disease (P.A.D.): Vascular Hemodynamic Simulation Using a Printed Circuit Board (P.C.B.) Design
Authors: Lungu Claudiu N , Mehedinti Mihaela C
Published: October 2024

Peripheral artery disease (P.A.D.) is a significant health issue in developed countries. Stenosis of an artery produces substantial changes in blood flow and, consecutively, in its hemodynamics. By simulating the stenosis (obstruction) - arterial environment, valuable insights are obtained. Various methodologies are used to simulate an arterial flow distribution. In this study, a 0D model using a printed circuit board (P.C.B.) is proposed. The model mimics a medium-sized single artery stenosis. Various degrees of stenosis are simulated. Results show that the P.C.B. model accurately predicts the hemodynamic changes produced by stenosis of a medium-sized artery. Also, the model is sensitive to the arterial wall stats. In conclusion, the P.C.B. design is a viable method for hemodynamic simula-tions. Moreover, to enhance the precision and intricacy of the simulation, the complexity and design of the P.C.B. must be augmented. Additionally, alongside subsequent computational fluid dynamics (C.F.D.) studies, the model will extract significant insights into the vascular dynamics of arterial stenosis
Spotlight on the Pathophysiological Trajectories Linked to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD): Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB); Neuroinflammation; APOE4 Allele and AD- Insulin Resistance (IR) Pathogenic Link
Authors: Abdalla Bowirrat
Published: October 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a predominant and incurable chronic debilitating neuro-degenerative disorder occupying more than 60% of all types of dementias. It is inaugurating by a cascade of events initiating from amnesic-type memory impairment and by gradually loss of cognitive and executive capacities, which is an intolerable problem for the patients and their familiars. Pathologically, there is overwhelming evidence that clumps of misfolded amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein aggregate in the brain. These pathological processes leading to synapse loss, neuronal loss, brain atrophy and gliosis culminating in neurodegeneration and fuelling AD. Thus, at a basic level, abnormality in brain proteins function is observed, causing disruption in the brain network and loss of neural connectivity.
Nevertheless, AD is a multifactorial disorder, caused by a combination of age-related changes, genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that affect the brain over time, its mysterious pathology seems non limited to senile plaques (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (tau), but plethora of substantial and biological processes have been also emerged in its pathogenesis such as — breakdown and/or dysfunction of the blood–brain barrier (BBB); patients’ carriers of the gene variant APOE4; and the immunosenescence of the immune system. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) whose have also observed as early markers that may provoke pathogenic pathways that lead or aggravate AD progression and pathology. Notwithstanding, of various pathological pathways, there are numerous substantial AD features that require shedding light on, such as chronic neuroinflammation, decrease glucose utilization and energy metabolism as well as brain insulin resistance (IR).
Herein, we come to broadened our understanding & to connect the dots of the multiple comorbidities and their cumulative impact that may have synergistic effects on BBB dysfunction and AD pathology. We shed light on the path-physiological modifications in the cerebral vasculature that may contribute to AD pathology and cognitive decline prior to clinically detectable changes in amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology, diagnostic biomarkers of AD, neuroimmune involvement and the role of APOE4 allele and AD-IR pathogenic link - the shared genetics and metabolomics biomarkers between AD and IR disorders. Investment in the future researches brings us closer to know the pathogenesis of AD, and paves the way to build preventive and treatment strategy.
Experimental Parametric Study on the Primary Efficiency of a Fixed Bottom-Detached Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter in Short-Fetch Sea Conditions
Authors: Crema Ilaria , Esposito Andrea , Simonetti Irene , Cappietti Lorenzo
Published: October 2024

The Oscillating Water Column (OWC) represents a highly promising approach for wave energy conversion. This study presents laboratory experiments conducted on a fixed, bottom-detached OWC device to evaluate the impact of various geometric parameters (specifically, turbine damping, front wall draft, and chamber length in the direction of wave propagation) on the device's capture width ratio.
Despite the extensive research over the past few decades on OWC devices, most studies and field-tested prototypes have been designed for long-fetch sea conditions. Consequently, these devices tend to be larger in size and have higher rated power outputs. In contrast, short-fetch sea conditions necessitate tuning the OWC to the shorter dominant wave frequencies, which calls for the development of smaller devices and specialized turbines, highlighting the need for focused research.
This work specifically addresses short-fetch sea conditions, which are representative of moderate wave climates, such as those found in the Central Mediterranean region. The study identifies a maximum capture width ratio of approximately 73%. The experimental dataset generated can serve as a benchmark for numerical models under these specific conditions and assist in the development of air turbines optimized for effective performance in short-fetch wave climates.
A Review of Systems Biology of Axon Initial Segment: Action Potential Initiation, Propagation, and Neurological Diseases
Authors: Bardwaj Piyush , Kulasiri Don , Samarasinghe Sandhya , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2024

The axon initial segment (AIS) region is crucial for action potential (AP) initiation due to its molecular organization especially voltage gated ion channels and Ankyrin-G (AnkG). AnkG act as recruiter and restrict almost all the proteins at AIS in order to maintain the AIS assembly. Voltage gated sodium channels (Nav channels) are enriched at AIS with high density and independently responsible for the AP initiation. Moreover, AIS also contains voltage gated potassium channels (Kv channels) for repolarization phase of AP, microtubules (MTs) responsible for the proper protein trafficking through molecular motors. AIS also acts as a cytoplasmic filter and diffusion barrier, responsible for the selective entry of the proteins into axon. Mutation of AIS related protein can cause various neurological dysfunction including Alzheimer’s disease. This review also reflects the role and importance of computational modelling in the understanding of action potential mechanisms mathematically.
Hypothesis about natural and artificial creation of globular rays.
Authors: Barzaga Yonny
Published: October 2024

The central of this article is to present a hypothesis that can solve the long-standing question of how ball lightning arises.
Analysis and Application of DFSS—Design for Six Sigma in the Product Development Process
Authors: Arcidiacono Gabriele , Risaliti Edoardo , Del Pero Francesco
Published: October 2024

The modern economic landscape, now more competitive than ever, compels companies to create increasingly innovative, cutting-edge, and cost-effective products. In this regard, design and development phases play a crucial role, since they closely determine the final satisfaction of the customer. As a consequence, the need for a structured approach is evident, since it allows the companies to identify product key characteristics. With the purpose of creating a new product with an extended horizon to various markets, this work is based on the use of Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) methodology for the identification and optimization of Critical-To-Quality (CTQ) features, aiming at making the project as responsive as possible to customer needs. Two main themes are addressed. The first one is the analysis of the integrated product development process with the Six Sigma methodology for achieving design excellence; the second one is the application of the Identify phase of the IDOV (Identify, Design, Optimise, Validate) approach through a DFSS case study.
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Refractive Loupes as an Intervention to Prevent Chronic Neck and Back Pain in Undergraduate Dental Students – a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Raghava Neha , Kulkarni Tanay , Cantiveros Mary Beth
Published: October 2024

Chronic neck and back pain is prevalent among dental professionals, stemming from the static and often awkward positions required during clinical practice. This longitudinal study investigates the effectiveness of Refractive loupes, an ergonomic intervention, in mitigating such musculoskeletal issues among undergraduate dental students. Despite being advocated for posture improvement, traditional loupes may exacerbate neck pain due to prolonged static neck positions. However, the impact of ergonomic loupes, designed to maintain neutral neck positions, remains unexplored.This study enrolled undergraduate dental students from the UK and Australia, provided them with Refractive loupes, and tracked their neck and back pain scores over two years. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires assessing pain levels, posture, and loupe use history. Results indicate a significant reduction in pain incidence (15.5%) post-refractive use, with 30.6% of participants reporting pain at the study's end compared to 46.1% at the beginning of the study. Notably, 92.3% reported improved posture ratings despite 39.1% experiencing increased pain, suggesting additional factors contributing to pain development beyond posture alone.Further analysis reveals that later adoption of Refractive loupes correlates with increased pain, suggesting a potential preventive benefit if initiated earlier in dental education. Additionally, a comparison of traditional loupe users with their non-loupe-using counterparts indicates more significant pain reduction among the loupe-using cohort post-refractive use, highlighting the need for more extensive studies in this area.In conclusion, Refractive loupes effectively reduce musculoskeletal pain among undergraduate dental students. Nevertheless, challenges persist, warranting continued research into optimal intervention timing and the role of the loupe type used in pain mitigation.
Pathways to Progress: Market Regulation Transformation and Social Security Enhancement in China
Authors: Bin Ren , Yi Lin , Xing-ping Li
Published: October 2024

The sustainability of social security is increasingly important to countries worldwide, yet the impact of regulation on social security remains controversial. Most scholars and policymakers focus primarily on the influence of social regulation on social security, while to varying degrees neglecting the effects of market regulation. This study employs data on the relaxation of market regulation (RMR) from the Marketization Index of China’s Report (MICR) and balanced panel data for 31 provinces in China from 2008 to 2019. Using instrumental variable methods to address endogeneity issues in the model, we empirically evaluate the impact of China's RMR on the level of social security (SSL) and its underlying mechanisms. The conclusion indicates that for every standard deviation increase in the intensity of RMR by local governments, there is a 2.25% increase in SSL. The study also found that social security expenditure and efficiency serve as mediating variables for the impact of RMR on SSL, but it did not support the mediating role of social security fairness. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing regulation and social security reform in China, as well as useful references for other emerging market economies in identifying priorities for their coordinated regulatory and social security reform.