bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasma atherogenicity index is a powerful indicator for identifying metabolic syndrome in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gong Shijun , Jin Jing , Mao Jing , Li Heng , Mo YePing , Zhou Quan , Gan Shenglian
Published: September 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Elevated triglyceride (TG) levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein levels (HDL-C) are predisposing factors for the development of ASCVD. Evidence on the association between atherosclerotic index of plasma [AIP = log (TG/HDL-C)] and MetS is limited. Our study aimed to investigate the association between AIP and MetS. This is a cross-sectional study that determines the presence of MetS by assessing anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Multivariate log-binomial regression models were used to analyze the relationship between AIP and MetS risk. To further test the stability of the results, we performed sensitivity analyses in young, non-obese, and normal lipid population. Smoothing plots explored the potential nonlinear relationship between the AIP index for MetS and the estimated potential risk threshold. Predictive power of AIP for MetS using respondent operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The prevalence of MetS was 67.35%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed an independent and positive association between AIP and MetS (Per 1 SD increase, PR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.15–1.47). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the stability of the results. Smoothing plot showed a nonlinear relationship between AIP and MetS, with an inflection point of 0.66. ROC curve analysis, AIP was an accurate indicator for assessing MetS in type 2 diabetics (AUC = 0.840, 95% CI: 0.819–0.862). AIP is a stable and independently powerful predictor of MetS in T2DM patients. AIP can be used as a simple assessment tool for the early detection of MetS and disease management for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia caused by solanine: A case report
Authors: Wang Linying , Zhang Lvjun , Ying Chiqing , Jin Xuehang , Ying Mingliang , Chen Hui , Zhu Dan
Published: September 2024

Rationale:

Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) is a type of pneumonia with unknown cause, presenting with symptoms like dyspnea, fever, and cough. Solanine poisoning can cause symptoms like increased heart rate, rapid breathing, sore throat, diarrhea, vomiting, and fever, but there are no known cases of it causing COP.

Patient concerns:

A 43-year-old man had a dry cough, worse at night, with phlegm and chest tightness after eating sprouted potatoes. No history of surgeries or family medical issues.

Diagnosis:

Laboratory tests and metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from the bilateral lower lobes did not yield a definitive pathogen. Further evaluation included testing for vasculitis-associated antibodies and rheumatologic immune markers for myositis spectra to rule out connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease as the etiology of organizing pneumonia. As a result, the final diagnosis was determined to be COP.

Interventions:

The patient received glucocorticoid therapy and oxygen therapy, and responded well to the treatment.

Outcomes:

On the 10th day of hospitalization, the patient was discharged with success. A follow-up chest CT conducted over a month later revealed that the lesions in both lungs had essentially resolved, with only minor residual fibrotic changes present.

Lessons:

Regularly monitoring disease progression is crucial for patients with solanine poisoning who have pulmonary symptoms. Promptly conducting chest CT scans and bronchoscopy is advised to check for any infections. It is also important to rule out pneumonia related to connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease and provide appropriate treatment promptly.
Nomogram for predicting cardiovascular mortality in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A population-based study
Authors: Wang Huimin , Zheng Koulong , Tai Chenhui , Sun Yimei , Feng Sujuan , Zhang Yi , Gao Ya-Dong
Published: September 2024

This research aimed to develop and validate a clinical nomogram for predicting the probability of cardiovascular death (CVD) in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Information regarding patients diagnosed with GIST was extracted from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. The multivariable competing risk model and multivariable Cox regression model were utilized to determine the independent predictive factors. A comparison was made between the results obtained from the 2 models. A nomogram was built to visualize the competing risk model. The nomogram’s performance was assessed utilizing concordance index, calibrate curve, decision curve analysis, and risk stratification. A total of 9028 cases were enrolled for final analysis, with CVD accounting for 12.8% of all deaths since GIST diagnosis. The multivariate analysis of competing risks revealed that age, chemotherapy and marital status were identified as independent risk factors for CVD in GIST individuals. The nomogram model exhibited good calibration and strong discriminative ability, indicating its effectiveness in predicting outcomes, with a concordance index of 0.788 (95% confidence interval: 0.753–0.823) in the training set, and 0.744 (95% confidence interval: 0.673–0.815) in the validation set. Decision curve analysis indicated that the prediction model had good clinical practicability. Additionally, risk stratification analysis efficiently divided GIST individuals into high- and low-risk populations for CVD. This was the first research to construct and validate a predictive nomogram using a competing risk model to estimate the individual probabilities of CVD in GIST patients. The nomogram can assist clinicians in making personalized treatment and monitoring plans.
Exploring the correlation among genetic variants, cholecystectomy and gut microbiome: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yin Yulai , Zhang Xiaoyu
Published: September 2024

This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and the occurrence of cholelithiasis, as well as the impact of cholecystectomy on the gut microbiota. This study leverages data on exposures and outcomes from the GWAS database, employing the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method to obtain primary causal estimates. Heterogeneity is assessed using Cochran Q and Rücker Q tests through both IVW and MR-Egger methods. Pleiotropy is evaluated using the Egger-intercept method, while sensitivity analyses are conducted via leave-one-out tests. Additionally, the F-statistic is calculated to assess the presence of weak instrument bias. Finally, the MR-PRESSO method is utilized to validate the findings concerning the relationship between gut microbiota and the incidence of cholelithiasis, as well as the impact of cholecystectomy on gut microbiota composition. The genera Butyricicoccus (ID: 2055), Solibacillus (ID: 11348), Anaerotruncus (ID: 2054), Allisonella (ID: 2174), and Howardella (ID: 2000) have been found to decrease the genetically predicted probability of cholelithiasis. Reverse MR analysis indicates that the occurrence of cholelithiasis reduces the levels of gut microbiota such as Blautia (ID: 1992), Anaerofilum (ID: 2053), Howardella (ID: 2000), Butyricicoccus (ID: 2055), Solibacillus (ID: 11348), Allisonella (ID: 2174), Anaerotruncus (ID: 2054), and Firmicutes (ID: 1672). Additionally, the genera Odoribacter (ID: 952), and Holdemanella (ID: 2157) increase the genetically predicted risk of cholecystectomy. Reverse MR results show that post-cholecystectomy reduces the levels of gut microbiota such as Blautia (ID: 1992), Butyricicoccus (ID: 2055), Alistipes (ID: 11296), Oxalobacteraceae (ID: 2966), and Ruminococcaceae UCG010 (ID: 11367). Conversely, post-cholecystectomy increases the levels of gut microbiota such as Odoribacter (ID: 952), an unknown family (ID: 1000001214), an unknown genus (ID: 1000001215), Aeromonadales (ID: 1591), Holdemanella (ID: 2157), Phascolarctobacteria (ID: 1589), and Eggerthella (ID: 819). All study results show no horizontal pleiotropy, and the MR-PRESSO validation results are consistent with the MR analysis findings. This study elucidates the relationship between gut microbiota and the occurrence of cholelithiasis, as well as the impact of cholecystectomy on the gut microbiota. These findings have clinical significance for diagnosing disease onset and understanding digestive function changes following gallbladder removal, providing theoretical support for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying cholelithiasis.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations among diabetic patients in the Aseer region: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alshaikh Ayoub Ali , Alshehri Ahmed Aedh Ahmed , Alshehri Abdullah Zaher Abdullah , Alobaid Abdulmohsen Saleh , Mohammed Ali Alhussein , Saeed F Alshahrani Turki , Albarqi Abdulrhman Zaher Mohammed , Sultan Hamad Saud Hassan , Alhussen Mohammed , Shehri Ali Dhafer Ali , Ghazy Ramy Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has a systemic consequence, influencing many systems of the body, including metabolic functions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal complications among patients with type 2 DM in the Asser region of Saudi Arabia, identify sources of information, and investigate the association of these symptoms with disease duration and glycated hemoglobin. This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 13 and December 27, 2023. The questionnaire collected demographic data including age, sex, education, employment, income, and nationality, and 16 questions (5 points for each symptom) about the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms in the past 3 months. The total score was 80, participants were categorized based on their total scores into 2 groups: those scoring 40 or below, and those scoring above 40. A total of 230 patients were included in this study, their median age was 32.0 (24.00) years, 60% were men, 63.9% were married, 38.7% earned between 5000 and 10,000 Saudi Riyal/month, 85.2% did not work in the medical field, 39.1% held university degrees, 54.8% did not have health insurance, 70.4% did not smoke, 35.7% worked in government jobs, 63% lived in urban areas, 95.2% were Saudi and 53.5% had only DM. More than half of the respondents, 57.4%, relied on doctors for information about DM. Dysmotility symptoms were common: dyspepsia affected 26.5% often and 5.7% always; early satiety impacted 24.3% often and 5.2% always; and bloating affected 28.3% often and 10.9% always. Constipation/diarrhea were a common complaint, with 23.5% of patients experiencing them often and an additional 4.8% reporting it always. Stool consistency also varied widely, with 21.7% experiencing lumpy or hardened stool. Health insurance status and having chronic diseases showed significant association with the severity of symptoms. Duration of diabetes and glycated hemoglobin were associated with the frequency of the symptoms. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common among diabetic patients in Aseer. The frequency of symptoms is associated with glycemic control, duration of diabetes, and health insurance status. These findings highlight the need for improved management and support for better gastrointestinal health in diabetes.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting COPD: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea
Authors: Oh Seungeun , Mok Hyungkyun , Jo Kyuhee
Published: September 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a significant global health burden exacerbated by tobacco smoking, occupational exposure, and air pollution. COPD is one of the top 3 causes of death worldwide. In South Korea, the COPD burden is expected to increase due to ongoing exposure to risk factors and the aging population. COPD is extensively underdiagnosed or underestimated, owing to a lack of public awareness. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for COPD by using national data to promote early diagnosis and intervention. This study drew on a dataset from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2016 to 2018, including 10,819 subjects aged 40 years or older with spirometry results. Influence of demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors on the incidence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors of the nomogram. The nomogram was validated using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and concordance index (C-index). Internal validation was performed by bootstrapping. In the final analysis, 1059 (14.0%) participants had COPD. Key risk factors associated with increased COPD risk included being male, aged 70 and older, lower educational level, living in a rural area, current smoking status, underweight, and history of tuberculosis and asthma. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.822 (95% CI: 0.810–0.832), indicating that the nomogram has a high ability to identify COPD. The nomogram demonstrated solid predictive performance, as confirmed by calibration plots with a C-index (of 0.822) for the validation set with 1000 bootstrap samples. In conclusion, we developed a tool for the early detection of COPD with good properties in primary care settings, without spirometry. Appropriate and early diagnosis of COPD can have a crucial impact on public health.
Factors related to self-care in Korean patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Hye Kyung , Lee Go Un
Published: September 2024

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge in South Korea which has one of the highest TB incidence rates among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Effective self-care, including medication adherence and regular hospital visits, is crucial for successful TB treatment and the prevention of drug resistance. TB self-care in South Korea is influenced by cultural, social, and systemic factors. This study aimed to systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis of factors influencing self-care among Korean patients with TB, providing evidence-based insights for developing effective self-care promotion programs.

Methods:

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, focusing on quantitative studies published since 2000 involving Korean patients with TB. Twenty studies were included in the final analysis, and 44 factors related to self-care were categorized into sociodemographic, TB-related, psychological, environmental, and educational characteristics. Effect sizes were calculated using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) 4.0, with the assessment of heterogeneity and publication bias.

Results:

The meta-analysis ranked the effect sizes of the different characteristic categories as follows: environmental > educational > psychological. Among the individual factors, social support had the greatest influence on self-care, followed by quality of life, self-efficacy, nonfamily support, family support, and perceived health benefits. These findings underscore the critical role of sustained social support from the community, medical staff, and family in enhancing self-care among TB patients.

Conclusion:

Effective self-care strategies for patients with TB should focus on interventions that strengthen the environmental, educational, and psychological aspects. These findings suggest that similar approaches can be applied in other countries facing comparable healthcare challenges. This study acknowledges limitations including potential publication bias and the exclusion of older studies and non-Korean patient studies, highlighting the need for further research across diverse settings and populations.
At-Home Care Versus Total Hospital Care Model for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Adult Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Hernández-Aliaga Marina , Carretero-Márquez Carlos , Peña Carlos Javier , Santacatalina-Roig Enric , Navarro-Martínez Rut
Published: September 2024

Background

Lymphoma is the second most prevalent cancer treated with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Additional resources are required to enhance the provision of care for these patients.

Objective

To explore the complications and economic costs of home versus hospital care models for ASCT in patients diagnosed with lymphoma and to describe the experience of home care patients.

Methods

This was an observational pilot case-control study with 1:1 matching, in which all patients assisted at home were included. Data were obtained by reviewing medical records and data from the hospital’s financial and resource management service. The IEXPAC scale version 11 + 4 was used to assess the care process experience as perceived by home care patients.

Results

The study included 34 patients, in which there was a significant decrease in neutropenic fever, both in frequency and duration (P = .001 and P < .001, respectively), in mucositis days (P = .038), and the rate of red cell concentrate transfusion (P < .001); however, there was a longer neutrophil recovery time (P = .044) in home care versus hospitalized patients. The overall cost was higher in the hospital care model (P = .001). Home care patients obtained high scores on the perceived experience of the care process scale.

Conclusions

The home ASCT model is associated with fewer complications, shorter hospital stays, and more significant cost savings. The experience of the home care process was rated satisfactorily.

Implications for Practice

This study provides evidence for a model that offers high-quality care and a comfortable experience for ASCT patients. Preparing more nurses for this home care model is imperative.
Effect of the ACTN3 R577X Polymorphism on Serum Creatine Kinase and Interleukin-6 Levels after Maximal Eccentric Exercise
Authors: Deguchi Minoru , Homma Hiroki , de Almeida Kathleen Y. , Kozuma Ayumu , Saito Mika , Tsuchiya Yosuke , Kouzaki Karina , Ochi Eisuke , Okamoto Takanobu , Nakazato Koichi , Kikuchi Naoki
Published: September 2024

Objective

This study explored the interaction among ACTN3 R577X polymorphism, muscle damage, and post-exercise inflammatory response by assessing changes over time in serum creatine kinase and interleukin-6 levels.

Design

Ninety-five active Japanese participants (50 men and 45 women: 22.2 ± 2.3 years) who did not perform daily upper limb strength exercises were enrolled. Participants executed five sets of six maximal eccentric elbow flexion exercises. The exercise duration was 9 min, including rest between sets (90 s). Maximum voluntary isometric contraction, range of motion, muscle soreness, and serum creatine kinase and interleukin-6 levels were assessed pre and post and 1, 2, 3, and 5 d after exercise. Genotype groups were classified as RR + RX and XX based on the absence of ACTN3 expression.

Results

A significant time and group interaction (p = 0.045) on creatine kinase levels was observed between the groups, indicating that the absence of ACTN3 significantly affects creatine kinase changes. Conversely, no significant interaction on change in interleukin-6, maximum voluntary isometric contraction, range of motion, and muscle soreness was observed between groups.

Conclusion

The results highlight an interaction on creatine kinase activity post-exercise by ACTN3 R577X polymorphism, with elevated activity in the XX genotype.
Outcomes of proprioceptive training on recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Lei , You Guixuan , Li Minghui , Xia Zhangrong , Yang Siyi , Zhou Xin , Shi Houyin , Wang Dingxuan , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2024

Objective

The study was designed to explore the effect of proprioceptive training in contrast to conventional training among individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It includes joint position sense (JPS), subjective functional outcomes (Cincinnati, Knee injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, International Knee Documentation Committee knee form), muscle strength, pain, and kinesthesia.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched. Quality assessment was performed through the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and GRADE system. The standardized mean deviation (SMD) was selected as the effect size.

Results

Fifteen studies and 537 participants were included. Compared with conventional training, proprioceptive training may significantly enhance passive JPS (SMD = -1.87 [95%CI: -2.39 to -1.34]) and single-leg hop function test performance (SMD = 0.29 [95%CI 0.04 to 0.54]). Data also indicated that proprioceptive training can moderately improve subjective functional outcomes (SMD = 0.61 [95%CI, 0.23 to 0.99]). However, there were no significant effects on active JPS, muscle strength and VAS.

Conclusion

Proprioceptive training has the potential to yield beneficial effects on knee passive JPS, hop functional test and subjective functional outcomes in patients after ACLR. However, its impact on enhancing knee active JPS and kinesthesia may not be statistically significant.
Preventing the Next Neglected Pessary: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Popiel Patrick , Maggi Maralyn , Dalal Shana , Curran Meghan , Rickey Leslie M.
Published: September 2024

Importance

Pessaries are commonly used to manage pelvic organ prolapse. Pessary management can be done by a medical professional or the patient themselves. Pessary complications are rare. However, pessaries can be difficult to track, and patients who are lost to follow-up are at an increased risk of complications such as vaginal ulceration, pessary embedment, and fistulization.

Objectives

To create and implement a quality improvement initiative focusing on preventing neglected pessaries.

Study Design

Through the electronic medical record, we implemented a quality improvement initiative focused on creating a workflow where a pessary can be designated as an implant when inserted. A year after implementation, data was gathered.

Results

We identified 37% (55/147) of patients without follow-up in the 3 months after pessary placement. Of those, 24% were no longer using pessaries, 24% were self-maintaining or having surveillance with their primary OB/GYN, 16% had surgery for pelvic organ prolapse since placement of the pessary, 15% were lost to follow-up and were considered to be patients “at risk,” and 12% did not have a pessary placed to begin with. Review showed 53% of patients with proper documentation and designation of pessary as an implant.

Conclusions

This quality improvement initiative can identify patients lost to follow-up, leading to improved patient care and potential to prevent complications.
Trauma care and its financing around the world
Authors: Chao Tiffany E. , Chu Kathryn , Hardcastle Timothy C. , Steyn Elmin , Gaarder Christine , Hsee Li , Otomo Yasuhiro , Vega-Rivera Felipe , Coimbra Raul , Staudenmayer Kristan
Published: September 2024

Worldwide, one billion people sustain trauma, and 5 million people will die every year from their injuries. Countries must build trauma systems to effectively address this high-burden disease, but efforts are often challenged by financial constraints. Understanding mechanisms for trauma funding internationally can help to identify opportunities to address the burden of injuries. Trauma leaders from around the world contributed summaries around how trauma is managed across their respective continents. These were aggregated to create a comparison of worldwide trauma systems of care. The burden of injuries is high across the world's inhabited continents, but trauma systems remain underfunded worldwide and, as a result, are overall underdeveloped and do not rise to the levels required given the burden of disease. Some countries in Africa and Asia have invested in financing mechanisms such as road accident funds or trauma-specific funding. In Latin America, active surgeon involvement in accident prevention advocacy has made meaningful impact. All continents show progress in trauma system maturation. This article describes how different regions of the world organize and commit to trauma care financially. Overall, while trauma tends to be underfunded, there is evidence of change in many regions and good examples of what can happen when a country invests in building trauma systems.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Expert Opinions; Level VII.
Blood and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in neuro-oncology
Authors: Rudà Roberta , Pellerino Alessia , Soffietti Riccardo
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review

The purpose of this review is to discuss the value of blood and CSF biomarkers in primary CNS tumors.

Recent findings

Several analytes can be assessed with liquid biopsy techniques, including circulating tumor cells, circulating cell-free tumor DNA, circulating cell-free RNA, circulating proteins and metabolites, extracellular vesicles and tumor-educated platelets. Among diffuse gliomas of the adult, ctDNA in blood or CSF has represented the most used analyte, with the detection of molecular alterations such as MGMT promoter, PTEN, EGFRVIII, TERT promoter mutation and IDH R132H mutation. In general, CSF is enriched for ctDNA as compared with plasma. The use of MRI-guided focused ultrasounds to disrupt the blood–brain barrier could enhance the level of biomarkers in both blood and CSF. The detection of MYD88 L265P mutation with digital droplet PCR and the detection of ctDNA with next generation sequencing represent the best tools to diagnose and monitoring CNS lymphomas under treatment. In meningiomas, the low concentration of ctDNA is a limiting factor for the detection of driver mutations, such as NF2, AKTs, SMO, KLF4, TRAF7, SMARCB1, SMARCE1, PTEN, and TERT; an alternative approach could be the isolation of ctDNA through circulating extracellular vesicles. Liquid biopsies are being used extensively for diagnosis and surveillance of diffuse midline gliomas, in particular with the detection of the driver mutation H3K27M. Last, specific methylome patterns in CSF may allow the distinction of glioblastomas from CNS lymphomas or meningiomas.

This review summarizes the current knowledge and future perspectives of liquid biopsy of blood and CSF for diagnosis and monitoring of primary CNS tumors.
Orientation-resolved attosecond photoionization delays in the
N2O
molecule
Authors: González-Collado Celso M. , Cattaneo Laura , Plésiat Etienne , Omiste Juan J. , Vos Jannie , González-Vázquez Jesús , Decleva Piero , Keller Ursula , Palacios Alicia , Martín Fernando
Published: September 2024

We present a thorough theoretical and experimental investigation of photoionization time delays in the N2O molecule. Our theory provides actual XUV+IR time-resolved photoelectron spectra as measured in real reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBIT) experiments. This requires not only accounting for the interaction between the XUV field and the neutral molecule, but also between the IR field and the ejected electron, which is only possible through explicit evaluation of a large number of dipole couplings between molecular electronic continuum states. To compare with the results of these calculations we have performed RABBIT experiments in which the ejected electron and the resulting ionic fragments are measured in coincidence, thus allowing us to obtain photoionization delays for a particular orientation of the molecule with respect to the polarization of the XUV and IR fields. We have found very good agreement between calculated and measured RABBIT spectra for both nondissociative and dissociative ionization channels. In particular, we unambiguously show a photoionization delay of about 60 as in the vicinity of a well-known shape resonance of N2O in the nondissociative ionization channel. More importantly, we show a dramatic effect of the IR field in the orientation-resolved ionization delays in the whole photon energy range investigated in this paper (18–40 eV), even at the level of ionization delays (i.e., delays referred to an internal reference delay) where the effect of the IR field is generally assumed to cancel out. Finally, we explicitly show that the problem of spectral congestion inherent to most molecular systems, which usually prevents extraction of photoionization delays, is substantially alleviated by resolving the molecular orientation or, ideally, by resolving both the molecular orientation and the electron emission angle, where access to perfectly isolated ionization channels is possible at specific angles.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Investigating business process changes: a framework for identifying outdated process models
Authors: Avila Diego Toralles , Sanchez Encarna Sosa , Fantinato Marcelo , Polančič Gregor , Thom Lucineia Heloisa
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Due to a lack of event data, organizations using Business Process Management may struggle to update their process models whenever business process changes occur. As such, alternative data sources are needed to detect and monitor business process changes.

Design/methodology/approach

We conducted interviews with domain experts to analyze real business processes and classify any identified changes using Reijers and Mansar's framework on business process redesign heuristics. Based on the results, we proposed a taxonomy of entity groups as well as a method for identifying entities in process models based on the taxonomy. With this method, we define how to create a mapping between entities and process models, forming a framework to identify outdated process models through monitoring the entities.

Findings

The analyses of 25 business processes let us define three entity groups that form our taxonomy. We confirmed the feasibility of our entity identification method by classifying process elements of 85 pre-existing process models according to the taxonomy. Regarding the mapping that forms the basis of our framework, we found it necessary to define requirement recommendations to ensure its consistency and rigor.

Originality/value

This study offers a novel approach to handling the challenges of business process change. By emphasizing the identification and use of entities in the analysis of business process changes, it provides a holistic approach to monitoring the work systems of an organization.
Innovations with sustainability potential within the ultra-fast business model
Authors: Uchańska-Bieniusiewicz Anita
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the process and business model innovations within the ultra-fast business model (UFBM) that have potential sustainable applications.

Design/methodology/approach

An exploratory multiple case study research method was used, emphasizing on an integrative literature review and focusing on two successful Chinese-origin companies that have revolutionized the e-commerce market: Shein and Temu.

Findings

Although the UFBM adopted by these companies remains highly controversial and is commonly associated with harmful business practices and lack of business responsibility, both have managed to develop process and business model innovations that may interest sustainability-driven organizations. They have implemented their unique versions of the customer-to-manufacturer (C2M) production system, which reduces costs and facilitates information exchanges between customers and manufacturers, thereby achieving a better product-market fit. Further still, they have redefined the shopping experience through their interpretations of collaborative consumption, as manifested in live and social commerce, gamification and group buying formats.

Originality/value

Instead of dismissing the UFBM due to its negative environmental and societal impacts, the study concentrates on process and business model innovations that have a potential for sustainability. That does not mean praising the business model as a whole, but instead indicating its potentially interesting aspects that could serve as inspirations for managers and business leaders who are concerned with sustainability. Learning from others' experiences is a recognized business practice, and in this case, could be particularly beneficial for companies with limited resources or opportunities for experimentation.
Does knowledge search enhance innovation performance in Chinese enterprises? A meta analysis
Authors: Song Zeming , Zhang Guangyu , Dai Haiwen
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to extract the universal results or conclusions with high value from the existing research conclusions, further compares the research results of knowledge search and its various dimensions on the impact of enterprise innovation performance in the existing research and supports the decision of which knowledge search to give priority to in the context of limited resources.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the resource-based theory and resource dependence theory, this paper uses meta meta-analysis method to quantitatively synthesize multiple representative literature on the relationship between knowledge search and enterprise innovation performance, build a theoretical model of knowledge search and its dimensions and enterprise innovation performance and explore the internal mechanism of enterprises to improve innovation performance through knowledge search.

Findings

The results show the following: knowledge search behavior promotes the innovation performance of Chinese enterprises; expanding the width of knowledge search and deepening the depth of knowledge search have a positive impact on improving the innovation performance of Chinese enterprises; enterprise scale, industry field, development stage and other factors regulate the contribution of knowledge search width and depth to improving the innovation performance of Chinese enterprises.

Originality/value

This paper effectively clarifies the regulatory role of each dimension of knowledge search, makes reasonable explanations for different conclusions that are ambiguous or conflicting and answers questions like how knowledge search is related to enterprise innovation performance and what kind of knowledge search is more effective so as to provide some useful practical guidance and inspiration for enterprises to carry out innovation activities.
Imperfect market competition theory on foreign direct investment using regency-level data: evidence from Indonesian special economic zones
Authors: Nugroho Rahmad Hadi , Susanto Ely , Saleh Samsubar
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study aims to enhance the current framework for decision-making regarding foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries, with consideration of the trend toward decentralized power.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses static and dynamic panel data regression covering a period of 13 years (2010–2022) related to regencies and municipalities. The period includes the evolution of all 18 Indonesian Special Economic Zones (SEZs). This study integrates regional competitiveness factors such as local government capital expenditure, democratic, social welfare and economic fundamentals.

Findings

This paper argues that the level of government involvement should be decided according to the phase of SEZ development, the type of policy being implemented (countercyclical or procyclical), and the complexity of the FDI policy. These factors will determine the degree of interference, whether extensive or modest.

Research limitations/implications

The paper analyses the application of New Keynesian and public expenditure theory to address the complex variables involved in local-level FDI decisions, which have been insufficiently studied in emerging countries.

Originality/value

The paper does not include a comprehensive explanation of the complex processes that lead to improvements in wages.
Does open innovation and eco-innovation have a critical impact on Indian competitive advantage and financial performance?
Authors: Zairbani Abdulkader , Jaya Prakash Senthil Kumar
Published: September 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and indirect impact of eco-innovation (EI) and open innovation (OI) on small and medium enterprises’ (SMEs) performance and competitive advantage (CA).

Design/methodology/approach

The population of this study consisted of Indian SMEs; a random sample was used to collect 186 responses by using the questionnaire method. The questionnaire was distributed to the top and middle-level managers in Bangalore city and rural areas; this paper used SMART-PLS to explore the relationship between the study variables.

Findings

The results demonstrate that OI has a significant relationship with a CA. Furthermore, EI has a significant relationship with SMEs performance; in contrast, OI has an insignificant mediation effect on the relationship between innovation culture and SMEs performance. While organizational capability has a mediation effect on the relationship between EI and SME performance. Moreover, environmental ordination has a positive moderator role on the relationship between EI and SME performance.

Originality/value

This study provides a critical theoretical and practical contribution of EI and OI on business performance and sustainable CA.
Impact of information literacy on research work performance: measuring thesis students’ competency at a public university in Bangladesh
Authors: Alahi Fazla , Yesmin Shamima
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Information literacy (IL) is crucial in academia, encompassing the ability to effectively find, assess, ethically use and disseminate information. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of IL on students’ research competency at Noakhali Science and Technology University (NSTU), Bangladesh. The research also aimed to understand the current trends in conducting students’ research at NSTU, to what extent they got research support from supervisors, and highlight the necessity of a research literacy course as a prerequisite before going to the real world.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a mixed-method strategy. As part of quantitative data collection, the population was the research level students (honors final year and masters level), and an estimated 225 respondents of NSTU were surveyed using a convenience sampling technique. Qualitative data was accumulated through interviews with faculty members of 2 institutes and 31 departments at NSTU (a representative from each department) and an interview with the university librarian. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS software and qualitative data using thematic codes as well as text.

Findings

Results showed that students are aware of diverse information and research literacy aspects. Although almost all the departments contain research methodology-related courses, the contents vary; due to time limitations, it is hard to provide hands-on training to thesis students in every stage of research, from research idea formulation, research design, data analysis, interpretation and ethical use of information to dissemination of research output. This study found a positive correlation between students’ IL with research competency. As there is no prerequisite course in the university curriculum before conducting practical research, therefore, this study proposed a course “Information and Research Literacy” to support novice researchers.

Practical implications

The importance of IL in higher education and its influence on research activities is gaining attention. This research output might be crucial for university authorities to initiate training programs for thesis students to impart IL training. This research would be a worthwhile contribution to the research output of tertiary academic institutions.

Originality/value

IL in academia is not a new area of research. However, research attempts to show the relation between IL effects on students’ research competency are new in nature.
The interrelationship between 21st century skills that enhance graduate employability
Authors: Vargas-Saritama Alba , Espinoza-Celi Verónica Soledad , Carrión-Robles Fernando
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study investigated how cooperative learning (CL) enhanced 21st century skills and knowledge to assure English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students’ employability.

Design/methodology/approach

This mixed experimental study comprised a sample of 64 students enrolled in an EFL program at a private university in Ecuador. The experimental group received CL, while the control group had traditional teaching for 14 weeks.

Findings

Results showed that CL significantly improved 21st century skills, particularly problem-solving and enhanced the academic performance of English learners, which supports their employability. Participants also had a positive view of CL, noting its effectiveness in developing self-regulated learning skills such as task management, seeking help and self-assessment.

Originality/value

The originality of this study lies in its specific focus on the impact of CL on English students’ self-regulated learning and 21st social skills in the context of Ecuadorian post-Covid-19 lockdown.
Impact pathways: geopolitics, risk and ethics in critical minerals supply chains
Authors: Bhamra Ran , Small Adrian , Hicks Christian , Pilch Olimpia
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This pathway paper highlights how geopolitics, risk and ethics affect critical minerals (CMs) supply chains (SCs). It identifies pathways to enable operations and SC management scholars to support this under-researched industry.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative research was undertaken in partnership with the Critical Minerals International Alliance (CMIA). Interviews were conducted with senior industry leaders from across CMs supply networks.

Findings

The CMs industry is distinctly different from conventional SCs and would greatly benefit from the development and application of operations and SC management theories.

Research limitations/implications

The four pathways that require scholars’ attention comprise risk and resilience, SC opacity, supply constraints and ethics.

Practical implications

CM s are essential for products such as smart phones and the technologies required for decarbonisation and achieving net zero. The pathways address multifaceted challenges of benefit to industry stakeholders.

Social implications

Improving the understanding of CMs SCs will support the decarbonisation agenda. Reducing the opacity within SCs would help address governance issues and curb unethical behaviours.

Originality/value

This paper draws on the expertise and insights gained from industry leaders. It establishes pathways and proposes theories and research questions for addressing the impact of geopolitics on CM operations and SCs.
Growing sustainable therapeutic third spaces – a therapeutic sensory garden’s impact on university student self-reported quality of life and affect
Authors: Delbert Theresa , Stepansky Kasey , Bucey Janet C. , Goodman-Schiller Diana
Published: September 2024

Purpose

College student wellbeing and mental health can be negatively impacted due to roles intrinsic to being and becoming a student in higher education. Active engagement in natural environments has been shown to have benefits for wellbeing. The purpose of this paper is to examine collegiate students’ utilization of a therapeutic garden on a college campus and the impact on their quality of life.

Design/methodology/approach

A case series mixed-methods design was used to track self-reported measures of quality of life. Participants were instructed to spend at least 1 h per week over four weeks in the therapeutic sensory garden on campus. Student participants were assessed using the EUROHIS-QOL-8, Positive and Negative Affect Scale and a semi-structured interview.

Findings

Pre-post quantitative measures of quality of life show significant improvement in quality of life of 12 graduate and undergraduate students. These results are triangulated with reduction in negative affect immediately following garden visits, and rich qualitative illustrations of the value of nature engagement on self-care and occupational balance. Small sample size and convenience sampling limits the generalizability of results.

Originality/value

Institutions of higher education recognize the value of green space on campus; however, they may lack the intentionality of designing a nature-based space to support student wellbeing. An intentionally designed campus-based therapeutic sensory garden may provide a novel opportunity to support overall student mental health and wellness.
Academia as a driver of change: a bibliometric analysis of pro-environmental behavior in higher education institutions
Authors: Wider Walton , Iwinska Katarzyna , Lin Jiaming , Fauzi Muhammad Ashraf , Hossain Syed Far Abid , Jiang Leilei , Udang Lester Naces
Published: September 2024

Purpose

This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of pro-environmental behavior (PEB) research within higher education institutions (HEIs), highlighting current trends and future challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

Using 198 journal articles from the Web of Science, the study conducts co-citation, bibliographic coupling and co-word analyses to map influential publications and forecast trends.

Findings

The co-citation analysis revealed three distinct clusters: value-driven environmental behavior, intention-based environmental behavior and green organizational practices and employee PEB. The bibliographic coupling and the co-word analysis revealed more nuanced clusters, holistically identifying academic activities towards PEB. The authors conclude that more strategic and PEB-oriented HEI’s actions are crucial due to the social responsibility of the universities for sustainable development.

Originality/value

This paper provides valuable insights into the expanding area of PEB research and climate leadership empowerment within HEIs. The practical implications of this research are significant for HEIs. It guides the creation of effective policies and interventions to foster sustainable behavior and reduce environmental harm. The study shows the development of educational programs and campaigns promoting sustainable practices among individuals and communities, emphasizing the role of HEIs in cultivating a sustainability-conscious generation.