bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Bone Marrow Lymphoma with Secondary Central Nervous System Involvement: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Primary bone marrow lymphoma (PBML) is a rare condition. Most PBMLs are B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), where predominated by the diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). Non-Hodgkin lymphomas affects extranodal sites in one-third of cases. Secondary central nervous system lymphoma (SCNSL) is a rare state which is defined as secondary central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients with systemic lymphoma. In this report, we described a case of primary bone marrow lymphoma with secondary involvement of the CNS. Patient presented with neurological deficit. Peripheral blood film showed presence of abnormal mononuclear cells. Histopathological examination of the brain tissue showed features of DLBCL with CD10 positivity. Bone marrow examination showed presence of lymphoma cells. He was commenced with Rituximab, methotrexate, vincristine and procarbazine (R-MPV). However, he succumbed after two cycles of chemotherapy.
Unity Attractors Inspired Programmable Cellular Automata and Barnacles Swarm Optimization-Based Energy Efficient Data Communication for Securing IoT
Authors: Hemalatha P. , Dhanalakshmi K.
Published: December 2022

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is the innovative technology that covers wide range of application that possesses high potential merits such as long-term operation, unmonitored network access, data transmission, and low implementation cost. In this context, Internet of Things (IoT) have evolved as an exciting paradigm with the rapid advancement of cellular mobile networks, near field communications and cloud computing. WSNs potentially interacts with the IoT devices based on the sensing features of web devices and communication technologies in sensors. At this juncture, IoT need to facilitate huge amount of data aggregation with security and disseminate it to the reliable path to make it reach the required base station. In this paper, Unity Attractors Inspired Programmable Cellular Automata and Barnacles Swarm Optimization-Based Energy Efficient Data Communication Mechanism (UAIPCA-BSO) is proposed for  Securing data and estimate the optimal path through which it can be forwarded in the IoT environment. In specific, Unity Attractors Inspired Programmable Cellular Automata is adopted for guaranteeing security during the data transmission process. It also aids in determining the optimal path of data transmission based on the merits of Barnacles Swarm Optimization Algorithm (BSOA), such that data is made to reach the base station at the required destination in time. The simulation results of UAIPCA-BSO confirmed minimized end-to-end delay , accuracy and time taken for malicious node detection, compared to the baseline approaches used for comparison.
Prediction of Cardiovascular Diseases by Integrating Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Phonocardiogram (PCG) Multi-Modal Features using Hidden Semi Morkov Model
Authors: Patil Prasadgouda B. , Reddy Vijay Bhaskar , P. S. Ashokumar
Published: December 2022

Because the health care field generates a large amount of data, we must employ modern ways to handle this data in order to give effective outcomes and make successful decisions based on data. Heart diseases are the major cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for 1/3th of all fatalities. Cardiovascular disease detection can be accomplished by the detection of disturbance in cardiac signals, one of which is known as phonocardiography. The aim of this project is for using machine learning to categorize cardiac illness based on electrocardiogram (ECG) and phonocardiogram (PCG) readings. The investigation began with signal preprocessing, which included cutting and normalizing the signal, and was accompanied by a continuous wavelet transformation utilizing a mother wavelet analytic morlet. The results of the decomposition are shown using a scalogram, and the outcomes are predicted using the Hidden semi morkov model (HSMM). In the first phase, we submit the dataset file and choose an algorithm to run on the chosen dataset. The accuracy of each selected method is then predicted, along with a graph, and a modal is built for the one with the max frequency by training the dataset to it. In the following step, input for each cardiac parameter is provided, and the sick stage of the heart is predicted based on the modal created. We then take measures based on the patient's condition. When compared to current approaches, the suggested HSMM has 0.952 sensitivity, 0.92 specificity, 0.94 F-score, 0.91 ACC, and 0.96 AUC.
AODV (ST_AODV) on MANETs with Path Security and Trust-based Routing
Authors: Bhaskar .Ch Vijaya , Murthy D.S.R. , Kakulapati V.
Published: December 2022

The nodes of the MANET are connected by an autonomous that has no predetermined structure (Mobile ad hoc Network). When a node's proximity to other nodes is maintained dynamically via the use of relying nodes, the MANET network's node-to-node connection is un-trusted because of node mobility. If a node relies on self-resources at any point in time, it runs the risk of acting as a selfish or malicious node, the untrusted selfish or malicious node in the network. An end-to-end routing route that is secure has been presented to enhance the security of the path based on the AODV routing protocol using ST AODV (Secure and Trust ADV). To do this, we must first identify the selfish/malicious nodes in the network and analyse their past activity to determine their current trust levels. A node's stage of belief is indicated by the packet messages it sends. In order to resolve each route, trust must be identified and the path's metadata in RREP must be updated.
Classification Models for Plant Diseases Diagnosis: A Review
Authors: Uppal Ashima , Naruka Hai Mahaveer Singh , Tewari Gaurav
Published: December 2022

Plants are important source of our life. Crop production in a good figure and good quality is important to us. The diagnosis of a disease in a plant can be manual or automatic. But manual detection of disease in a plant is not always correct as sometimes it can be not be seen by naked eyes so an automatic method of detection of plant diseases should be there. It can make use of various artificial intelligence based or machine learning based methods. It is a tedious task as it needs to be identified in earlier stage so that it will not affect the entire crop. Disease affects all species of plant, both cultivated and wild. Plant disease occurrence and infection severity vary seasonally, regarding the environmental circumstances, the kinds of crops cultivated, and the existence of the pathogen. This review attempts to provide an exhaustive review of various plant diseases and its types, various methods to diagnose plant diseases and various classification models used so as to help researchers to identify the areas of scope where plant pathology can be improved.
Enhancing Feature Selection Accuracy using Butterfly and Lion Optimization Algorithm with Specific Reference to Psychiatric Disorder Detection & Diagnosis
Authors: Singh Chandrabhan , Gangwar Mohit , Kumar Upendra
Published: December 2022

As the complexity of medical computing increases the use of intelligent methods based on methods of soft computing also increases. During current decade this intelligent computing involves various meta-heuristic algorithms for Optimization. Many new meta-heuristic algorithms are proposed in last few years. The dimension of this data has also wide. Feature selection processes play an important role in these types of wide data. In intelligent computation feature selection is important phase after the pre-processing phase. The success of any model depends on how better optimization algorithms is used. Sometime single optimization algorithms are not enough in order to produce better result. In this paper meta-heuristic algorithm like butterfly optimization algorithm and enhanced lion optimization algorithm are used to show better accuracy in feature selection. The study focuses on nature based integrated meta-heuristic algorithm like Butterfly Optimization and lion-based optimization. Also, in this paper various other Optimization algorithms are analyzed. The study shows how integrated methods are useful to enhance the accuracy of any computing model to solve Complex problems. Here experimental result has shown by proposing and hybrid model for two major psychiatric disorders one is known as autism spectrum and second one is Parkinson's disease.
A Novel K-Means Clustered Support Vector Machine Technique for Prediction of Consumer Decision-Making Behaviour
Authors: Zhou Wei , Salleh Nor Zafir Md , Wang Bolin , Jia Zhihan , Ding Yanfang
Published: December 2022

A greater number of consumers are using social networks to express their feedback about the level of service provided by hotels. Online reviews from patrons can be used as a forum to enhance the level of service of hotels. Customer reviews are indeed a reliable and dependable source that aid diners in determining the quality of their cuisine. It is critical to develop techniques for evaluating client feedback on hotel services. In order to accurately anticipate the consumers' decision-making behaviors based on hotel internet evaluations, this study proposes a novel K-Means Clustered Support Vector Machine (KMC+SVM) technique. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is employed to determine the characteristics from the preprocessed data while the Min-Max normalization approach is used to standardize the raw data. The performance of the suggested technique is then evaluated and contrasted with a few other methods that are currently in use in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, RMSE, and MAE. The findings demonstrated that segmenting customers based on their online evaluations can accurately predict their choices and assist hotel management in establishing priorities for service quality enhancements.
Testing the DRAMMA Model of Leisure and Subjective Wellbeing on College Students
Authors: Twilley Danny , Morris Laura , Holland W. Hunter
Published: December 2022

Background: College students’ declining mental health is a growing concern among institutions of higher education. Although many campuses have provided additional mental health counselors, identifying other mechanisms that facilitate and enhance mental health and wellbeing is also justified.
Aim: Using the DRAMMA model as a theoretical framework, this research examined how leisure influences college students’ subjective wellbeing.
Methods: An online survey methodology was utilized to measure the psychological outcomes of leisure participation (DRAMMA), leisure satisfaction, and subjective wellbeing of 704 students attending a large 4-year Midwestern residential college.
Results: This quantitative study found the five psychological mechanisms of the DRAMMA model (detachment-recovery, autonomy, mastery, meaning, and affiliation) influenced students’ leisure satisfaction and subjective wellbeing.
Conclusion: The findings support the need for higher education professionals to create leisure experiences that provide meaning and affiliation to promote subjective wellbeing and improve mental health.
BHAC Journal Reviewers
Authors: BHAC Journal Building Healthy Academic Communities
Published: December 2022

No abtract available.
Relationship of depth of invasion of tumour with neck node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a clinico pathological correlation
Authors: Roy Arjun , Sarma Mridul Kumar , Deka Muktanjalee , Missong Ajit Kumar , Choudhury Mrinmoy Mayur , Choudhury Yousuf F.
Published: December 2022

Background: Squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity are relatively common among the head and neck cancers. The increasing depth of invasion (DOI) and the microvascular proliferation caused by neoplastic growth might determine proximity to blood vessels and lymphatics, thus facilitating the tumor’s ability to metastasize. The role of tumour DOI as a prognostic parameter for the development of nodal metastases and for the survival of patients with OSCC are important. Aim of the study was to determine the relationship of the DOI of tumor with the neck node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.Methods: This study is conducted in the State cancer institute, Gauhati medical college over a period of 1 year from June 2021 to June 2022 among 100 patients. All patients underwent tumor resection with neck dissection, and the DOI is measured.Results: Out of 100 patients included in the study 66 were males and 34 were females. Maximum number of cases 30% were seen in the age group of 51-60 years. Gingivobuccal sulcus (32%) is the most commonly involved site. Maximum number of nodal meta-stasis present in tumours with DOI>11 mm and minimum nodal metastasis present in tumours with DOI<3 mm.   Conclusions: We conclude that tumor DOI is significantly related with neck nodal metastasis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
Comparing the findings of clinical examination versus magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of ligamentous injuries of knee in rural area
Authors: Vishavadia Pratik A. , Herode Prafulla G. , Somani Ashish M. , Reddy Ashok V.
Published: December 2022

Background: The knee is a complex synovial joint allowing flexion, extension, anteroposterior gliding and internal-external rotation. The major articular surfaces are the medial and lateral condyles of the femur and patellar surface. The aim of the study was to compare the findings of clinical examination versus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of ligamentous injuries of knee in rural area.

Methods: Present study was an observational study carried out at rural medical college under orthopaedic department. All patients coming with ligamentous injury to orthopaedic department were studied. Thus such 50 cases were studied. All cases were referred to radiology department for MRI of knee. MRI reports and clinical reports were compared and analysis was done. Cases contraindicated for MRI examination were excluded from study. General demoghraphic history, clinical presentation and MRI reports were recorded. All data was compiled in Microsoft excel and analysed using OpenEPi 2.3.1.

Results: Mean age was 46.4±11.2 years. Majority were males 70% and 30% were females. Swelling 62% was most commonly seen followed by knee pain. Majority 58% cases had grade 3 tear on MRI, followed by 36% had grade II and only 6% had grade I.  

Conclusions: MRI is an excellent, non-invasive, radiation free imaging modality with multilane capabilities and excellent soft tissue delineation. It can accurately detect, localize and characterize various internal derangements of the knee joint and help in arriving at a correct anatomical diagnosis thereby guiding further management of the patient.
Histopathological spectrum of testicular lesions in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Asotra Sarita , Sharma Shikha , Chandel U. K.
Published: December 2022

Testicular tumors are relatively rare and comprise 1% of all male cancers worldwide with peak prevalence in the age group 15-35 years. Testicular lesions have a varied histomorphological spectrum and are largely categorized as non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions.

To study the incidence of testicular lesions, to study the histomorphological spectrum of testicular lesions including non-neoplastic as well as neoplastic lesions and to determine age-wise distribution, laterality and clinical presentation in testicular lesions.

The present study is an observational study, carried out in the Pathology Department of Indira Gandhi Medical college, a tertiary care hospital in the northern India, over a duration of two years i.e from June 2020 to May 2022. A total of 52 radical orchidectomy and testicular biopsies were studied for gross and microscopic findings.

45 orchidectomy specimens and 7 testicular biopsies were studied. Out of these, 42 cases were non neoplastic and 10 were neoplastic. Maximum number of patients presented in the 2 & 4 decade of life. Undescended testis was the most common non-neoplastic lesion (17/42;40.47%), followed by testicular torsion (12/42;28.57%). Seminoma was the most common neoplastic lesions (50%), followed by Mixed Germ Cell Tumors (20%) and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (20%) and a single case of yolk sac tumor (10%). Clinically, most of the patients presented with scrotal swelling (58.53%). Right testis was involved more commonly (32/52;61.53%).

Testicular cancers represent 10.5% of all male reproductive cancers in India. Germ cell tumors accounted for highest percentage of cases with a commonest subtype of seminoma followed by mixed germ cell tumors. Histopathologic examination can help in accurately diagnosing and determining the prognosis of these rare tumor and tumor like lesions of testis.
Small cell lung carcinomaMultiple metastases in Inguinal node and Anterior abdominal wall -A rare presentation and FNAC diagnosis - an oddity in rarity
Authors: Jeyalakshmidevi N , Melba S. Angelin , Vincy T. M. , Sofiya N  , Kumar I Vijay Sathish
Published: December 2022

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), a highly aggressive cancer accounts for about 13% of all lung cancers, has a strong association with heavy smoking. The common sites of metastases are intrathoracic and supraclavicular nodes. The extrathoracic nodal metastases is a rare clinical presentation. Here we report a rare case of Small cell lung carcinoma metastasing to extra thoracic sites as an interesting first clinical presentation. With the first diagnostic modality, Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), it was reported as Metastatic deposits with the possibility of Primary from Small cell lung Carcinoma which was further followed by lung biopsy with Histopathological examination(HPE) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmation.
Recurrent clear cell sarcoma and its responsiveness to chemoradiation
Authors: Bansal Anju , Kaur Manveen , Singh Gunjesh Kumar , Mohil Ravindra Singh
Published: December 2022

Clear cell sarcomas are rare tumours accounting for less than 1% of all soft tissue tumours. They are aggressive lesions with extremely poor prognosis. The clinical diagnosis of this tumour is challenging, requiring histopathologic examination for definite characterization. The treatment protocol for this tumour is not well-established, with most studies showing no clear cut role of chemoradiation. This is a case of clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue in a 57-year-old male who presented with a solid-cystic mass on the thigh and was diagnosed as hematoma clinicoradiologically. Post-operative residual tumour was treated successfully with radio/chemotherapy, in a manner similar to melanoma. This article, thus, also highlights the role of chemoradiation in the treatment of clear cell sarcoma, suggesting that it can be better treated like melanoma rather than like a soft tissue sarcoma.
MED 12 gene mutation in a case of bilateral giant juvenile fibroadenoma
Authors: Sudula Mrudula , Tejaswi Meda , Tazeen Naushaba , Fathima Tasneem
Published: December 2022

Giant juvenile fibroadenoma is a rare variant of more common benign lesion, fibro adenoma observed in younger population. They present with rapidly enlarging single or multiple breast masses in one or both the breast. A 10-year-old pre-pubertal girl presented with large lump in left breast followed by right breast lump. FNAC was suggestive of fibroadenoma, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. To understand the genetic basis of common entity like fibroadenoma with a rare presentation in very young age, the tissue block was subjected to gene sequencing and identified MED 12 gene mutation. It leads us to the possibility of new treatment modalities of targeting the causative gene and thus sparing the patient from invasive procedures.
Primary pulmonary NUT midline carcinoma and its diagnostic challenges: A case report
Authors: Ong Dominic , Ganugapati Usha
Published: December 2022

NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare and aggressive cancer genetically characterized by a chromosomal rearrangement of the NUT gene. Primary pulmonary NMC is even more rare. NMC typically presents with histological features of a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. We report a case of a 23-year-old female patient with NMC in the lung and pleura presented to a midsize, midwestern Canadian hospital. This article emphasizes the diagnostic challenges posed by NMC and highlights an encounter with this aggressive cancer, which had not previously been diagnosed in our health region.
Placental mesenchymal dysplasia- A case report
Authors: Aden Durre , Khan Adil Aziz , Zaheer Sufian , Singh Mukul
Published: December 2022

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is an underdiagnosed and a rare vascular anomaly of the placenta. It is characterized by the presence of grape-like vesicles, which, on ultrasonography gives the appearance of a partial mole. Histologically it can be differentiated by partial mole by the absence of trophoblastic proliferation. It is essential to make a correct diagnosis as the management and outcome of both these entities are vastly different. We present this case of placental mesenchymal dysplasia, not just because of its rarity but to highlight its radiological, gross and histopathological features to keep it in mind as a differential diagnosis and in making the correct diagnosis.
BIDeconomics Costa Rica: panorama de oportunidades
Authors: Vega García Pablo , Jiménez Montero Melanie
Published: December 2022

Costa Rica enfrenta el desafío de lograr un mejor desempeño económico que, al mismo tiempo, sea más inclusivo. Con este panorama como punto de partida, desde el BID proponemos tres áreas de trabajo en las que el país puede enfocarse para avanzar en sus objetivos de desarrollo: 1) Infraestructura para aumentar la productividad, mejorar la calidad de vida y enfrentar el cambio climático, 2) Educación y formación para el desarrollo de habilidades pertinentes de manera más equitativa y 3) Fortalecimiento del marco institucional y de las finanzas públicas para una gestión más eficiente.
Herbert Morrison in British Governments (1945-1951)
Authors: Koltsov Mikhail V.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the activities of the British politician Herbert Morrison in the Labor governments under the leadership of C. Attlee (1945-1951). The author consistently characterizes the work of the Labor politician in the positions of Deputy Prime Minister, Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Commons in 1945-1951, when he played an important role in shaping domestic policy and carrying out reforms, including the nationalization of a number of British industries. In addition, the article tells about the successes and failures of H. Morrison in his last government position - Foreign Secretary, which he held in 1951
Primary diagnosis of personality traits in athletes of team sports
Authors: Tokareva Valentina B.
Published: December 2022

The article presents methods for diagnosing the personal characteristics of an athlete in a team sport, aimed at identifying the strength and weakness of the nervous system, at establishing the state of exhaustion of an athlete, at the attitude of an athlete to the situation.
The culture of limiting communicative violence in proxy wars
Authors: Timofeeva Lidiya N.
Published: December 2022

The concept of culture is always associated with restrictions in behavior, communication, actions of people dictated by traditions or certain conditions of life and activity. There is a concept of «culture of peace» introduced by UNESCO in the early 2000s, although it has been formed for centuries in parallel with the concept of «culture of war», which required certain restrictions in the mutual violence of the parties. Until recently, a country was considered strong if it had a large and well-armed army with nuclear weapons, but today, in the era of global information, it comes to the fore. Moreover, it needs to be controlled if it contributes to an increase in violence. In the conditions of information warfare, a firm (military) force for coercion and retaliation is combined with soft power in the form of persuasion and coercion (various methods of communicative influence). The main thing is the creation of a plausible pretext in the mass media, the formulation of a noble goal for a military invasion. One of the types of modern interstate wars is a proxy war, a military conflict in which a third party indirectly participates in its own interests, supporting one of the two actors of the conflict with military, organizational, resource, political, information and communication support. In this regard, the issue of creating high-quality, objective journalism, as well as the protection of journalists working in the war zone, truthfully covering military or other events, becomes important.
Social self-determination, life practices and economic aspects of preparing women aged 45-57 for retirement
Authors: Mikhailova Elena V. , Ovchinnikova Natalia V.
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of a sociological study conducted on a target sample of working woman of older middle and pre-retirement age - 45-57 years. The study was aimed at identifying the peculiarities of the perception of the age of «45+» by women themselves in such aspects as shared values and life goals, practices of coping behavior in relation to age and aging, retirement life planning. The issues of preparing for retirement are considered in an extended age range in order to fix the threshold values for the perception of age - to determine at what age the pension begins to be perceived as the immediate life prospect and the reorientation to the tasks of an older age group takes place. According to the results of the study, a predominantly positive perception of the age 45+ age period by women themselves was revealed with a wide variability in self-determination of its content - from a period of rest and stability to professional achievements and personal growth. In general, a positive perception of the one’s age «here and now» is combined with avoidance of thoughts about the upcoming retirement as more or less distant future. A paradox has been that recorded that requires further research: the majority of respondents begin to think about retirement only after reaching the pre-retirement age, while they would like to implement for themselves those methods of preparing for retirement that obviously require a longer planning horizon and a period of accumulation of economic resources than a three-year pre-retirement period.
Secondary anthroponymic nomination of Russian servicemen: structural and semantic features of call signs
Authors: Rodina Nadezhda A.
Published: December 2022

Несмотря на возрастающий интерес к военной номинации, на сегодняшний день позывные остаются абсолютно не изученной ономастической категорией. По определению, выработанному автором, позывной - дополнительное именование, данное с целью сокрытия официального; слово или словосочетание, сочетание слов и чисел, использующееся коммуникантами по каналам связи. В статье предпринимается попытка установить связь между используемым позывным и языковой личностью военнослужащего. Анализ особенностей семантики и структуры идентификаторов позволит выявить их ассоциативный фон, вскрыть возможные мотивы номинации и особенности функционирования. Исследование проводилось на материале позывных, применяемых русскими солдатами и офицерами во время боевых действий на Донбассе: в 2014-2022 годах. В результате сбора онимов из открытых источников была получена картотека, позволившая создать авторскую классификацию, выявить специфические черты наиболее ярких позывных из вычлененных семантических групп, охарактеризовать структуру, а также определить морфологическую принадлежность коррелятов. Проведённый анализ показал, что позывные представлены двумя семантическими категориями: образованными от имён собственных и от нарицательных. Они однословны и соотносятся в подавляющем своем большинстве с субстантивами. Таким образом, русские позывные представляют собой уникальные языковые маркеры военнослужащих, идентифицирующие бойцов, сохраняя конфиденциальность, и в то же время отражающие творческую составляющую языковой личности военнослужащего. Материал исследования может быть использован в учебном процессе как в военных, так и в гражданских вузах.
BREEDING BIOLOGY OF THE SPARKLING VIOLETEAR Colibri coruscans IN QUITO
Authors: Musschenga Maartje , Cadena-Ortiz Héctor , Juiña Mery
Published: December 2022

Sparkling Violetear Colibri coruscans has a wide geographic distribution and is generally abundant. However, knowledge about its breeding biology is scarce and often limited to anecdotal observations. Therefore, in this study we present new breeding data in Quito and surrounding valleys, based on descriptions and observations of 45 broods in 39 nests (some nests were reused) in urban and suburban habitats, and 11 broods in woodland patches near Quito. We provide data on nest and egg measurements, maternal care, nestlings’ development, and reproductive behavior. We studied nests reported on social media or discovered by the authors between 2009–2015 and January 2018–May 2020, with binoculars, photo and video cameras. Nests were open cups built in native and exotic vegetation or on artificial structures, protected by a roof, at 1.2–8 m above the ground. Nests under roofs suffered little deterioration, allowing their reuse. Nest materials in the outer layer included vegetal fibers and moss, whereas the inner chamber had soft vegetal material such as hairy achenes. Nests in woodlands were covered in lichens in the outer layer. Clutch comprised two white ellipsoidal eggs. Incubation lasted 14–16 days, and offspring left the nest after 20–31 days. Only the female incubated and reared the nestlings. In some cases, males’ courtship and/or feeding territory overlapped the females’ nesting territory. We observed breeding activity year-round, with a peak from November to April, corresponding to the second half of the short rainy season, the short dry season and the first half of the long rainy season.
Supplementary material
Modelamento hídrico: um estudo de caso da refinaria REMAN
Authors: Nascimento-Gaya Matheus Raiol , Pfiz-Lopes Bertha , Camacho-Galindo Leidy Stefanny , Salinas-Silva Raúl , da-Silva-Fernandes Fernando Antonio , Costa-Gomes Vando José , Guerrero-Martin Camilo Andrés
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo visa abordar a importância da gestão hídrica na refinaria Isaac Sabbá (REMAN), localizada em uma das maiores bacias hidrográficas do mundo, bem como, com base em simulações realizadas com o auxílio da ferramenta WEAP, prever determinados comportamentos hidrológicos a partir de determinadas pressuposições dadas.
Development of Eco-Friendly Mortars Produced with Blast Furnace Slag, Calcined Eggshell and Brick Waste: Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure Assessment
Authors: Boukour Salima , Bouteldja Fathe , Bensaifi Elamin
Published: December 2022

The granulated blast furnace slag exhibits pozzolanic reactivity when combined with appropriate activator and can be used in a wide range as cement replacement. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect on the mechanical and microstructure properties of incorporating admixture composed by granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS), calcined eggshell (CES), and brick waste (BW), as replacement of cement in the formulation of mortar. Ten different mixes of mortar prismatic specimens were tested with different replacement levels of raw materials (50, 75, and 100%). The results show that the increase in the proportion of raw materials decreases significantly drying shrinkage, dry unit weight and strengths of mixtures mortar compared to control mortar at early age. The decrease in strengths is less important in the long term due the development of pozzolanic reaction. Moreover, the water absorption and open porosity were increased for all cases. The microscopic analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows that the proportion of 15% of calcined eggshell powder in admixture, provides more Calcium Silicate Hydrate gel (C-S-H) in the internal cementitious matrix of the mortar, which explains the best mechanical strength provided by this mixture.
Antagonism and molecular identification of Trichoderma isolated from rhizosphere of medicinal plants
Authors: Marques Eder , Abreu Vanessa Pereira , De Oliveira Danilo Rocha , Silva Moises Rodrigues , Santos Flávio Henrique Caetano , Castro Keren Hapuque Mendes de , Cunha Marcos Gomes da
Published: December 2022

Trichoderma is the most studied and used fungal agent in biological disease control worldwide. Its prospection is a necessary routine, in order to select more effective and specific strains for the different existing agro pathosystems. This work reports the in vitro antagonism (Mycelial Growth Inhibition - MGI) of five Trichoderma isolates, obtained from rhizospheric and organic soil of medicinal plants cultivated in Brazil, to five different phytopathogenic fungi and their molecular identification based on actin (act), calmaldulin (cal), rDNA gene (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α). Regarding the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, the MGI varied between 63.33 and 67.03%; for Fusarium verticillioides between 67.20 and 85.92%; Phaeocytostroma sacchari between 84.00 and 92.90%; in the case of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the inhibition was total (100%), and for Sclerotium rolfsii, the antagonism was between 62.03 and 79.07%. According to the molecular phylogeny performed, concatenated analysis of the genetic markers revealed that the five antagonist fungi belong to the Trichoderma afroharzianum species. It is concluded that the T. afroharzianum isolates evaluated showed good levels of in vitro control of the plant pathogenic fungi in question and will be studied via in vivo tests and in plant growth promotion.
Club cell secretory protein 16 is a potential biomarker for silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Yang Lei , Wang Hua , Liu Ming , Wang Chenguang , Zuo Yuehua , Zhai Ziqin
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the changes of Club cell protein 16 (CC16) and surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in silicotic rats and to explore their potential as early biomarkers for silicosis. Pulmonary fibrosis models of rats were constructed by exposing them to silica particles. BALF and serum were collected to determine CC16 and SP-D levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different times after the exposure. Hydroxyproline (HYP) level in BALF and CC16 level in the lung tissues were also measured immunohistochemistrially. The BALF levels of CC16 decreased from 49.65 to 38.02 ng/mg after the rats were exposed to silica for 3 and 28 days, which were all significantly lower as compared with the controls (P<0.05), where the levels remained barely changed during the same period (61.27 to 56.76 ng/mg). The serum CC16 also showed a similar decrease from 9.8 ng/ml to 8.78 ng/ml during the period, while in the controls, the serum CC16 levels remained constantly between 11.04 and 10.96 ng/ml. The levels of SP-D in the serum of silica-exposed rats did not decrease as compared with the controls and BALF SP-D presented a parabolic curve change with silica exposure. Immunohistochemical examinations showed that the lung Club cells were severely damaged and CC16 expression was obviously decreased after silica exposure. BALF HYP level was higher in silica-exposed rats than in control only when the exposure was at 50 mg/ml. Our work demonstrates that expressions of CC16 and SP-D are pulmonary tissue-specific and CC16 expression is down-regulated as a result of silica-exposure. The significant relationship between CC16 and silica dose indicates that CC16 may be exploited as an early biomarker to assess silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
27 Mayıs 1960 Darbesinin Mizaha Yansıması: Cumhuriyet Gazetesi Örneği
Authors: YAZICI Fikret , PARILTI Berrak
Published: December 2022

Demokrasinin temel ilkelerinde yer alan medyanın özgürlüğü ya da bağımsızlığı birden fazla çalışmada konu olarak incelenmiştir. Toplumu yönlendirmekte oldukça güçlü olan medya araçlarının, bu anlamda toplumda yaşanan gelişmelere karşı tutumu önem arz etmektedir. Antidemokratik bir harekat olan darbe, demokrasinin ve toplumsal gelişimin önündeki temel engelden birisi olmuştur.

Bu çalışma, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde gerçekleştirilen 27 Mayıs 1960 askeri darbe sonucunda medyanın olaya ilişkin konuyu mizahi olarak nasıl ele alındığını tespit etmek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Çalışma, dönemin önemli ve eski gazetelerinden olan Cumhuriyet gazetesi üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, demokrasinin savunucusu olan medya araçlarından bir gazetenin antidemokratik bir yaklaşım olan darbelere karşı mizahi yönde nasıl bir içerik oluşturduğunu ortaya koymak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Cumhuriyet Gazetesinin 30 günlük baskısı içerisinde yer alan karikatürler üzerinde içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda ise Cumhuriyet Gazetesinin, dönemin iktidarı olan ve askeri darbe ile iktidardan indirilen Demokrat Partililere karşı ağır eleştiriler yaptığı belirlenmiştir.
COVID-19 Sürecinde Ziyaretçilerin Gastronomi Destinasyonlarına Yönelik Risk Algısının Yiyecek Deneyimine Etkisi: Adana Örneği
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Aykut , AKKUŞ Çetin , TEMEL Bıçkın
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 salgınının insanlar üzerinde oluşturduğu risk algısı, turistik faaliyetleri olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Özellikle sağlık krizleri sırasında turist davranışı ve seyahat niyetleri bu durumdan önemli ölçüde etkilenmektedir. Bu durumdan hareketle çalışmada COVID-19 sürecinde ziyaretçilerin gastronomi destinasyonlarına yönelik risk algılarının yiyecek içecek deneyimlerine etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca ziyaretçilerin destinasyona geliş ve dönüşlerindeki risk algıları ile yiyecek deneyimleri arasındaki farklılıkların belirlenmesi çalışmanın diğer amacını oluşturmaktadır. Deneyim ve risk algılarının sağlıklı bir şekilde ölçülebilmesi adına Adana Şakir Paşa havalimanı gidiş ve dönüş kısımlarında katılımcılarla yüz yüze görüşülerek 01.03.2021-15.04.2021 tarihleri arasında anket tekniği ile veriler toplanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda destinasyona yönelik risk algısı boyutları ile yiyecek deneyimi boyutları arasında negatif yönlü, anlamlı ve yüksek düzeyde ilişkinin olduğu görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla destinasyona yönelik risk algısının artması durumunda yiyecek deneyiminin olumsuz ve güçlü bir şekilde etkileneceğini söylemek mümkündür. Ayrıca Adana’ya gelen turistlerin fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal risk algılarına ilişkin ortalama değerlerinin Adana’dan dönüşlerinde daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca özellikle fiziksel risk algısının diğer boyutlara göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Intravaginal ring as human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevention
Authors: Umar Tungki Pratama
Published: December 2022

Summary: HIV/AIDS is one of the primary concerns of the Sustainable Development Goals. It has a high prevalence and causes significant effects for the sufferers. Several prevention methods against HIV infection have been developed, including the intravaginal rings loaded with antiretroviral drugs. We aimed to inform about the potential use of an intravaginal ring as pre-exposure prophylaxisRelevance: Recently available methods of HIV/AIDS prevention have many pitfalls, especially in compliance, resulting in inconsistent efficacy. New methods of prevention need to be addressed, and intravaginal rings can be used following abundant evidence stating their efficacy, compliance, and patient preference. Take-home messages: Intravaginal rings have the potential to be used as a pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV infection..
A medical student’s perspective on teaching and attitudes in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dudley Isabelle , Windle Ella
Published: December 2022

N/A
Is earning detrimental to learning? Experiences of medical students from traditional and low socioeconomic backgrounds
Authors: Anane Melissa , Curtis Sally
Published: December 2022

Background: Medical schools are striving to produce a representative workforce through admissions processes that actively encourage applications from students with backgrounds of social and financial disadvantage. Such medical students frequently have reduced financial support and need to undertake paid employment while studying. However, there is limited evidence to show how a lack of financial support and undertaking paid employment impacts those studying for medical degrees, who are not from affluent backgrounds. Method: A mixed methods approach was used for this single site, exploratory study. A questionnaire on paid employment was distributed to undergraduate medical students. Those respondents in employment were invited to attend an interview to further explore their experiences. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Questionnaire responses from 199 medical students were received and 11 semi-structured interviews conducted. Most students undertook paid employment during medical school and stated it had some benefits. However, the negative impact of paid employment was greater for LSE students: those who met the medical school’s widening participation criteria. LSE students reported work was a necessity rather than a choice. They also had additional stress of financial responsibility for others, including parents or partners. Discussion: Compared to traditional medical students, LSE students report increased negative experiences from undertaking paid employment, with greater financial responsibility for themselves and others during their studies. Medical schools have a responsibility to adapt and provide appropriate support for all students. It is vital to understand and acknowledge the additional challenges students from LSE backgrounds face.
Evidencia de factores Smart Beta en el mercado de valores de Colombia
Authors: Reyes Oscar Eduardo
Published: December 2022

En este documento se evalúa para Colombia la existencia de estrategias alter­nativas de inversión, diferentes a la tradicional indexación por capitalización bursátil. Mejor conocidas como Smart Beta, estas estrategias sugieren mejores técnicas de diversificación y de generación de alpha, en comparación con aque­llas estrategias por indexación tradicional. En este sentido, el índice colcap de capitalización bursátil es utilizado como un benchmark del mercado frente a las estrategias analizadas en esta tesis: low volatility, size, value y momentum. El análisis se desarrolla para un periodo de tiempo de diez años que va desde julio de 2010 hasta julio de 2020. Los hallazgos empíricos encontrados en esta investigación permiten concluir que difícilmente los rendimientos pasados per­miten superar el índice de mercado bajo este enfoque de indexación sistemática y basado en reglas. Ya sea por falta de liquidez, por irracionalidad o por cues­tiones económicas propias del mercado local, una vez más la idea de eficiencia en los mercados y del papel de los precios como guarida de toda la información disponible queda seriamente comprometida.
Comparación entre el CAPM y el análisis de componentes principales Sparse como herramientas para la indexación
Authors: Aldana-Martínez Nelson
Published: December 2022

En un mundo que cada vez es más propenso a la inversión pasiva, es importante plantear un escenario en el que no se tenga que comprar todo el índice bursátil para este propósito. A través del cálculo de las betas móviles respecto al índice de los activos estables se busca hallar portafolios con menos acciones que todo el índice, en este caso el Standard and Poor’s 500. En contraste, haciendo uso de la técnica de reducción de dimensionalidad “análisis de componentes prin­cipales Sparse”, se busca encontrar conjuntos de activos que también cumplan este propósito. Para esto se ponen a prueba tres experimentos: 1) optimizar con la data de entrenamiento para encontrar los pesos de cada uno; 2) ponderar de igual manera y 3) ponderar de acuerdo con el cálculo del índice, con bolsas de 200, 100, 50 y 25 activos elegibles.
Modelo Media-Varianza y criterios ASG: de Markowitz al portafolio socialmente responsable
Authors: Zapata Q. Carlos Andrés
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo se presenta un enfoque de selección de portafolios óptimos so­cialmente responsables, a través de la incorporación de los criterios ASG –am­biente (A), social (S) y de buen gobierno (G)– al modelo media-varianza (MV) de Markowitz. Para ello, se revisan algunas formulaciones del problema de optimización MV, así como su ajuste, para incorporar estos indicadores en la construcción y optimización del portafolio. Este nuevo enfoque, conocido como modelo MV-ASG, permite la construcción de un conjunto completo de portafolios óptimos factibles a partir de las tres relaciones: retorno, riesgo e indicador ASG, que dan como resultado una superficie eficiente (SE) en un plano tridimensio­nal. Los resultados muestran que la consecución de un indicador ASG cada vez mayor, no solo reduce el desempeño del portafolio respecto al portafolio MV, sino que disminuye su capacidad de diversificación del riesgo. Sin embargo, se resalta el hecho de que la incorporación de los criterios ASG les permite a los inversionistas incorporar sus preferencias para minimizar el impacto social y ambiental de sus inversiones, ya que el portafolio óptimo MV-ASG genera me­jores indicadores que cualquier portafolio que persiga solo la relación óptima retorno-riesgo, además de superar el desempeño del benchmark.
Optimización robusta de portafolio empleando métodos Bayesianos
Authors: Carmona Espejo Diego Felipe , Gamboa Hidalgo Jhonatan
Published: December 2022

En este artículo se implementa un modelo de optimización robusta bayesiana para la selección óptima de un portafolio de inversión. Para ello, se extiende el modelo desarrollado por Meucci, que consiste en la incorporación del enfoque bayesiano al modelo de portafolio robusto para definir el conjunto de incerti­dumbre de tipo elipsoidal, bajo una distribución Wishart inversa. De esta for­ma, se incorpora la incertidumbre de los parámetros estimados para crear la contraparte robusta en el modelo de portafolio. El modelo propuesto utiliza una función de distribución Gamma, como generalización de la función Wishart. Los resultados confirman las conclusiones de Meucci y corroboran las propiedades atribuidas a este tipo de portafolios.
Paridad de riesgo jerárquico: aproximación al método y aplicación para el mercado estadounidense
Authors: Aragón Urrego Daniel
Published: December 2022

Este artículo presenta el enfoque de paridad de riesgo jerárquico (HRP, por sus siglas en inglés) propuesto por López de Prado para la construcción de porta­folios óptimos de inversión empleando aprendizaje no supervisado –clustering jerárquico–, que permitan superar algunas limitaciones propias del modelo de Media-Varianza, en particular aquella relacionada con la necesidad de invertir la matriz de covarianzas en el momento de implementar el algoritmo CLA. Se toma una muestra de siete activos del mercado estadounidense, con los cuales se realiza una aplicación del algoritmo HRP propuesto por López de Prado; se encuentra que bajo este modelo la distribución de los activos en diferentes clús­teres genera mejoras en términos del retorno esperado, así como del coeficiente de Sharpe en comparación con los resultados del portafolio de media-varianza.
Una pelota de trapo, un corazón blanquiazul: tradición e identidad en Alianza Lima, 1901-1996
Authors: Benavides Abanto Carlos Martín
Published: December 2022

Esta publicación contiene, con algunas pequeñas variaciones formales, los resultados del trabajo de tesis que presenté en 1997 para obtener el título de Licenciado en Sociología en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Creo necesario señalar que se trata sólo de un esfuerzo inicial por comprender, desde la Sociología, la naturaleza de la comunidad aliancista. Con seguridad, trabajos futuros permitirán completar y mejorar la visión que en esta oportunidad presento.