bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upregulated Expression of Toll Like Receptor 7 in Peripheral Blood Basophils of Patients With Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Wang Lihong , Zhan Mengmeng , Wang Junling , Chen Dong , Zhao Nan , Wang Ling , Wang Wei , Huang Yixia , Zhang Huiyun , He Shaoheng
Published: August 2020

Background: Recently, it has been reported that Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists can improve allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms by up-regulation of Th1 cytokine release and suppression of Th2 cell functions. However, little is known of the expression of TLR7 in basophils of AR.Objective: To explore the expression of TLR7 in basophils of AR, and influence of allergens on TLR7 expression.Methods: The expression levels of TLR7 in basophils of patients with AR were determined by flow cytometry, and the influence of allergens on TLR7 expression was examined by real time (q) PCR.Results: The percentages of TLR7+CCR3+ cells, TLR7+CD123+HLA-DR- cells and TLR7+CCR3+CD123+HLA-DR- cells in blood granulocyte and mononucleated cell populations of the patients with AR were increased, respectively compared with HC subjects. TLR7 MFI on CCR3+ cells, CD123+HLA-DR- cells and CCR3+CD123+HLA-DR- cells were enhanced. Allergens Der p1 and OVA provoked upregulation of TLR7 expression at both protein and mRNA levels and IL-13 production in KU812 cells. House Dust Mite extract (HDME), Artemisia sieversiana wild allergen extract (ASWE), IL-31, IL-33, IL-37, and TSLP provoked elevation of IL-6 release from KU812 cells following 2 h incubation period.Conclusions: The percentage of TLR7+ basophils and TLR7 expression intensity in a single basophil are both increased in the blood of patients with AR, indicating that basophils likely contribute to the pathogenesis of AR via TLR7. Trial Registration: Trial registry: Chinese clinical trial; registration number: ChiCTR-BOC-16010279.
Complex Scenarios with Competing Factors - A Conception Paper Applied to the COVID-19 Case
Authors: Brandão Mauricio Pazini
Published: August 2020

A model to analyze complex systems facing threats with competing factors has been introduced. The Principle of Energy, in integral form, is used to conceive a theory in which competing factors dispute available resources to minimize undesirable outcomes. The general result indicates that the minimum response is obtained by a combination of the factors weighted by their corresponding criticalities. The theory has been applied to the case of the COVID-19 pandemic with two competing factors: Health and Economy. As result, to minimize the grand total number of deaths, the best recommendation is to balance the emphasis on both factors. The model can be generalized even further and may evolve from a qualitative to a quantitative status. In this evolution, it may allow for computational simulations and comparisons with field statistics for validation and forecasting. As such, this approach may become a useful tool for decision-making regarding resources allocations in order to reduce guessing in scenarios full of uncertainties.
Evaluation of the Durability of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets in Guatemala
Authors: Castellanos María Eugenia , Rodas Soledad , Juárez José Guillermo , Lol Juan Carlos , Chanquin Sayra , Morales Zoraida , Vizcaino Lucrecia , Smith Stephen C. , Eng Jodi Vanden , Woldu Henok G. , Lenhart Audrey , Padilla Norma
Published: August 2020

Background. Insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) are widely used for the prevention and control of malaria. In Guatemala, since 2006, ITNs have been distributed free of charge in the highest risk malaria-endemic areas and constitute one of the primary vector control measures in the country. Despite relying on ITNs for almost 15 years, there is a lack of data to inform the timely replacement of ITNs whose effectiveness becomes diminished by routine use. Methods. We assessed the survivorship, physical integrity, insecticide content and bio-efficacy of ITNs through cross-sectional surveys conducted at 18, 24 and 32 months after a 2012 distribution of PermaNet® 2.0 in a malaria focus in Guatemala. A total of 988 ITNs were analyzed (290 at 18 months, 349 at 24 months and 349 at 32 months). Results. The functional survivorship of bednets decreased over time, from 92% at 18 months, to 81% at 24 months and 69% at 32 months. Independent of the time of the survey, less than 80% of the bednets that were still present in the household were reported to have been used the night before. Most of the bednets had been washed at least once (88% at 18 months, 92% at 24 months and 96% at 32 months). The proportion of bednets categorized as “in good condition” per WHO guidelines of the total hole surface area, diminished from 77% at 18 months to 58% at 32 months. The portion of ITNs with deltamethrin concentration less than 10mg/m2 increased over time (14% at 18 months, 23% at 24 months, and 35% at 32 months). Among the bednets for which bioassays were conducted, the percentage that met WHO criteria for efficacy dropped from 90% at 18 months to 52% at 32 months. Conclusion. While our assessment demonstrated that nets were in relatively good physical condition over time, the combination of declining bio-efficacy over time and low use rates limited the overall effectiveness of the LLINs. Efforts to encourage the community to retain, use, and properly care for the LLINs may improve their impact. Durability assessments should be included in future campaigns.
Correlation of COVID-19 Fatality Risk with Health Care Access and Quality in 87 Countries
Authors: Su Shih-Yung , Fang Chi-Tai , Lee Wen-Chung
Published: August 2020

Background. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a severe threat to global health.Method. We calculated Spearman rank correlation coefficients between a country’s case fatality risk at various stages of the pandemic and the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) index in 87 countries.Results. COVID-19 case fatality risks and HAQ indexes were negatively correlated at <1000 confirmed cases. This negative correlation decreased and even turned positive (but nonsignificantly) as countries approached >5000 confirmed cases. As for per-capita cases, the aforementioned correlation was significantly negative at <100 cases per million people. This negative correlation decreased (r = −0.0429) and became nonsignificant as countries approached >500 cases per million people.Conclusion. Negative correlations between COVID-19 case fatality risks and HAQ indexes weakened and then disappeared with the progressive burden of COVID-19 infection over time. In the end, even the best public health systems were overwhelmed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
ANLN promotes carcinogenesis in oral cancer by regulating PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Bing , Zhang Xiaoli , Li Chenxi , Liu Ningning , Hu Min , Gong Zhongcheng
Published: August 2020

Background: Oral cancer is a malignant disease threatening human’s life and severely reduces human’s life-quality. Gene ANLN was reported to promote progression in cancer. This study aims at investigating the role of ANLN and molecular mechanism in oral cancer. Methods: ANLN was down-regulated by RNAi technology. The effect of ANLN on cell behaviors including proliferation, cycle distribution, invasion, and apoptosis was detected. Western blotting analysis was used to disclose the mechanism of ANLN in oral cancer. Results: ANLN was shown to express significantly higher in tumor tissues compared to the normal control tissues based on TCGA data. Patients with higher expression of ANLN displayed worse survival rate. Then ANLN was shown to express abundantly in cancer cell lines CA127 and HN30. When ANLN was reduced in CA127 and HN30 cells, cell proliferation and colony formation ability was inhibited. Cell invasion ability was suppressed. But cell apoptosis was induced reversely. In addition, expression of critical molecules including PI3K, mTOR, Akt, and PDK-1 were reduced after ANLN knockdown in CA127 cells. Conclusions: ANLN contributes to the progression in oral cancer and regulates activation of PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway. This study will provide guidance and new drug target for oral cancer.
Adult-Onset IgE-Mediated Food Allergy in Manitoba
Authors: Walter Graham , Kalicinsky Chrystyna
Published: August 2020

BackgroundIt is a putatively understood phenomenon that the overall prevalence of allergic disease has been increasing in recent decades – particularly in industrialized nations. Despite this, there is a relative scarcity of data concerning the development of food-related allergic disease in the adult population. In addition, the paucity of data as it pertains to the Canadian population is particularly marked when compared to other nations. We sought to determine common culprit foods and the reactions they elicited in a series of 14 patients seen in the Winnipeg allergy and immunology clinic. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients identified by academic allergists in Winnipeg, Manitoba as fitting criteria for adult-onset IgE-mediated food allergy from May 2018 – July 2020. We included patients with IgE-mediated symptoms, including the food pollen syndrome which developed at the age of 16 or later. We collected data regarding the food which induced the reaction, what the reaction was, and any concomitant atopic disease.ResultsThe most common culprit food identified was shellfish, followed by finfish, food pollen syndrome, and wheat/flour. The most common reaction experienced was anaphylaxis, followed by food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis and isolated (muco)cutaneous symptoms. With regard to concomitant atopic disease, allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis stood out as the most prevalent.ConclusionsAdult-onset food allergy – particularly with resultant anaphylaxis – is an important phenomenon to recognize, even when patients have previously tolerated the food in question.
Method for Obtaining Phenotypic Traits of Weeds in Complex Field Environments Based on Instance Segmentation
Authors: longzhe Quan , Wu Bing , Mao Shou ren , Feng Huaiqu , Yang Chunjie , Wei Jiang , Li Hengda
Published: August 2020

Background: Weeds are the biggest threat to crop growth, and leaf age and central area of weeds are important phenotypic traits of weeds. They have an important role in understanding the morphological structure of weeds, guiding precision for target weeding and reducing the use of herbicides. However, it is still a substantial challenge to obtain weed types, leaf age and central area in the complex field conditions of light changes, variation in appearance of plants, leaf occlusion. The latest developments in deep learning provide new tools for solving challenging computer vision tasks.Results: In this study, we present a weed phenotype segmentation method based on Mask R-CNN that obtains weed types, leaf age and central area in the complex field conditions. By shooting three different angles of the main weeds (Solanum nigrum, Barnyard grass, and Abutilon theophrasti Medicus) in the field through mobile devices, two datasets (data enhancement and without data enhancement) were produced and used as input to the network, two backbone networks was tested, namely ResNet50 and ResNet101, and the detection results and instance segmentation results of the model were evaluated. The results showed that data enhancement can improve the performance of the model. In the case of data enhancement, the F1 value with ResNet101 as the backbone network was 0.9214, the mAP scores were 0.6932 and 0.5244 (for IOU thresholds of 0.5 and 0.7, respectively), the mIOU reached 0.585, and the best segmentation performance example was obtained. Furthermore, the weed image taken from the top view angle compared to the other two angles achieved the highest detection accuracy.Conclusion: Mask R-CNN can achieve accurate segmentation of weeds to obtain the types, leaf age and central area of weeds. Data enhancement and the weed image taken from the top view angle can help to improve the performance of the model. This dataset and research results may provide important resources for the development of precision agriculture in the future.
LIM and SH3 Protein 1 Stands for a Bio-Marker for Cholangiocarcinoma Detection
Authors: Wang Ning , Li Yanni , Zheng Yanfang , Chen Huoming , Wen Xiaolong , Li Zhaoxia
Published: August 2020

Background: LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP-1) has been demonstrated to be overexpression in several types of cancers. The aim of this study was to verify the serum level of LASP-1 and investigate its diagnostic value in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients.Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression level of LASP-1 in CCA patients and healthy controls. The correlation of LASP-1 expression with clinicopathological characteristic of CCA patients was analyzed via Chi-square test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was built to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum LASP-1 in CCA.Results: Serum levels of LASP-1 were upregulated in CCA compared with healthy controls (P<0.01). And the serum level and tissue level of LASP-1 mRNA exhibited significant correlation (R=0.454, P=0.000). Serum expression of LASP-1 was closely associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.018) and TNM stage (P=0.021). ROC curve analysis revealed that serum LASP-1 was of great value in differentiating CCA patients from healthy individuals. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value was 0.879 corresponding with a sensitivity of 81.9% and a specificity of 79.6%.Conclusions: Serum LASP-1 might be an useful diagnostic biomarker for CCA.
Balance Between Risk And Profit In The Context Of Strategic Management: The Example Of Ukrainian Banks
Authors: Goncharenko Tatiana , Lopa Liliana
Published: August 2020

The article explores the issues of strategic management of banks, the formation of long-term strategic goals, in particular – the construction of an effective financial strategy of the bank aimed at finding a balance between the need for risk minimization and profit maximization. Balanced risk and return management should protect economic entities from potential income shortfalls or a reduction in the market value of capital due to adverse effects of external or internal factors, from losses that can be both direct (loss of income or capital) and indirect (investment). the ability to achieve your business goals). The article presents the author’s own approach to the calculation of the taxonomic method of the bank’s integrated risk and profitability indicators, as well as the results of matrix analysis, which made it possible to trace the bank’s risk/profit ratio. All Ukrainian banks are selected as the subject of study, and the first three quarters of 2018 are the time horizon. Economic norms and limits of open currency position on regulation of banking activity by the National Bank of Ukraine were selected to assess the level of riskiness of the bank, and the main indicators of bank profitability (total level, cost recovery, return on assets, total capital, net interest margin) were selected for profitability level. The study empirically confirms that risk management in Ukrainian banks is at a critical level and profit management is at medium and low levels. Basically, banks are characterized by a focus on profit maximization, eliminating high-risk activity. The risk-reward strategy is chosen by a small number of Ukrainian banks and profit maximization is rare enough for Ukrainian banks.

Keywords: strategy, bank, strategic management, risk management, profit management, taxonomic analysis, matrix analysis.
Institutional Determinants Of Assessing Energy Efficiency Gaps In The National Economy
Authors: Pavlyk Vladyslav
Published: August 2020

The article examines approaches to the analysis of factors that influence the difference between capacity and current energy production in the country, that is, the gap in energy efficiency in the economy. To investigate the main trends in the theory of energy efficiency and energy conservation, a bibliometric analysis was carried out (using VOSViewer v.1.6.10 toolkit), the object of which was 1428 scientific articles in publications indexed by the Scopus scientometric database. The analysis showed that in 2019, scientists published 1.5 times more work on the subject than in 2005, and revealed five clusters of scientists who investigated the problems of the connection between institutional determinants and lack of electricity in the country. The research hypothesis is to test the impact of institutional determinants on the energy efficiency gap in the economy. For the assessment of institutional determinants, such indicators of public administration effectiveness as: “rule of law”, “government efficiency”, “political stability and the absence of violence/terrorism”, “quality of regulatory activity” and “anti-corruption” have been used. The source of statistical information is the Worldwide Governance Indicator Global Eurojustice Reports and Eurostat data, the Pedroni co-integration test, and the least-squares method, the calculations were made using EViews 11. Objects of study are EU and Ukraine, the period for analysis – 2009-2018. The findings confirmed the statistically significant impact of institutional determinants on the energy efficiency gap in the economy: increasing government efficiency and political stability by 1 mind. units lead to a reduction in the energy efficiency gap of 0.47 and 0.54 dm. units in accordance. It has been empirically proven that improving the quality of regulatory activity and improving the rule of law in Ukraine is one mind. units cause energy efficiency gains of 0.34 and 0.41 dm. units in accordance. The results of the study can be used by state and local authorities to improve the country’s energy efficiency and energy efficiency systems.

Keywords: energy balance, renewable energy sources, energy gap, corruption, quality of public administration, political stability, government efficiency, energy efficiency, energy conservation, institutional determinants.
Transformation of Z-Generation in the context of globalization and place marketing: the case of Hungarian students
Authors: Treutz Ágnes Urbánné
Published: August 2020

Considering that in most cases graduates of higher educational establishments stay and work in small settlements, the potential target audience for the use of territorial marketing tools is the student as representatives of generation Z. The main characteristics of generation Z in the article are determined emotional lability, decision making, rejection and relative resilience in stressful situations, constant search for self-identification, multitasking, communication difficulties and, reducing attention spans and ongoing online presence on social media. The article uses the results of bibliometric analysis of scientific publications of scientists and researchers from Hungary, as well as the data of the Hungarian Youth Survey 2016 (its representative sample is 8000 respondents aged 18 to 29 years). The Hungarian student body (as a target audience for the use of territorial marketing tools) was researched by age, median income, attitudes to religion, family status, number and composition of households, leisure activities, emotional attachment to a particular territory. When introducing the concept of territorial marketing, it is important to take into account such features of the student body as determination and, in most cases, financial dependence on parents, therefore, mechanisms for improving the financial support of this category of population are considered, taking into account the strategic goals of territorial development. When formulating marketing policies, it is important to take into account globalization processes and their impact on different spheres of regional development. The results of the study are of practical importance and can be used by local authorities in developing a marketing and branding strategy for regional development.

Keywords: students, Z-Generation, consumer behavior, territorial marketing, regional branding, regional development strategy.
An Application Of Stock-Trak In ‘Investments’: What Common Mistakes Do Students Make While Studying Socioeconomic Processes?
Authors: Kaya Halil D. , Kwok Julia S.
Published: August 2020

The main purpose of this study is to review practical experience and provide guidance on the use of Stock-Trak software (trading virtual assets of various types of investment assets) by students to make investment decisions under uncertainty. The article uses such scientific methods of analysis as analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, and modeling. The information base for the study is students enrolled in bachelor’s degree programs in economics at Northeastern State University (USA). Based on the analysis of students’ reports for the period 2014-2017, it is established that the most common mistakes in the study of socio-economic processes include the neglect of transaction costs and the non-accounting of dividends in the calculations. For the most part, students have difficulty calculating financial ratios correctly because they are not sufficiently familiar with the procedure for acquiring investment assets using margin, and are unable to determine the initial amount of investment when purchasing assets using margin and have difficulty separating the profit option. Previous studies of methods and models of mastering knowledge of investment activities show that gamification of the educational process, an interactive form of practical exercises helps to improve the quality of communication of learning subjects, improve the overall level of learning effectiveness, as well as better mastering of knowledge through their practical use in the beginning. mode and subsequently in further professional activity. The results of the study may be useful to teachers in the financial and economic disciplines in terms of a detailed analysis of the major difficulties encountered by students in using the program and avoiding these errors in their activities.

Keywords: investments, mutual fund, options, portfolio, stock, Stock-Trak.
Role Of Street Vending In Urban Livelihood (In Case Of Mettu Town)
Authors: Singh S.N.
Published: August 2020

The informal economy plays a key role in ensuring economic growth and social well-being in developing countries. In particular, in Africa, more than 60% of the urban population, as well as almost 80% of the nonagricultural population, are employed in the informal economy. The main purpose of the study is to study the role of street commerce in supporting urban life. The object of study is one of Ethiopia’s remote cities, Matt. The extent of the impact of street commerce on the incomes of the urban population, including those who do not own land, is analyzed in the study. The study is aimed at finding patterns between the living conditions of urban population living on the brink of poverty and the dynamics of street commerce, the proceeds of which are directed to meet their daily physiological needs. The scientific approaches to the study of the relationship between the volume of street commerce and living conditions of the urban population have been systematized. The source of the primary data for the survey is questionnaires that contained information on the sociodemographic profile of street traders, the extent of their activity, the amount of start-up capital, access to credit, and their main difficulties in this type of activity. Descriptive statistics methods became a methodological tool of the conducted research. The results of the empirical analysis have shown that there is a positive correlation between street commerce and the well-being of urban populations. In addition, it is found that about 37.9% of people involved in street trading are experiencing problems as a result of tightening regulatory regulations by the state. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that street selling is one of the important sources of urban existence in Ethiopia. The results of the study can be useful for government officials, NGOs, international institutions, as well as researchers dealing with this issue.

Keywords: street trade, livelihoods, urban poverty, alternative employment opportunities.
Review on monograph: “Macroeconomic Stability Of The National Economy”
Authors: Karintseva Oleksandra
Published: August 2020

The monograph is devoted to topical issues of developing the concept of integration of management and marketing policy for the development of green investment in enterprises. Numerous modern and traditional methods were used in the research, namely: Google Trends tools, Ward agglomeration hierarchical clustering, principal components method, correlation analysis; modified least-squares methods FMOLS and DOLS; content analysis and Fishburne’s method; model PLS-PM. The conclusions and hypotheses were confirmed by empirical conclusions using Stata 12 / SE and EViews10. The monograph assesses the level of integrity of the marketing policy of an environmentally responsible enterprise, using content analysis. In addition, the author confirmed the hypothesis that the use of greenwashing reduces the company’s green brand and leads to significant financial and reputational losses. The author has developed a system of principles for green investment management and supplemented it with such specific principles as collaboration (reflecting the characteristics of green investment stakeholder management); dissemination (chain reaction of the appearance of overt/covert socio-ecological-economic effects); convergence (complementarity of green investments, the convergence of goals and methods of green investment).
The monograph substantiates the specific features of the complex of green investment marketing and the typology of green investment marketing strategies of green investment marketing. The author proposes the concept of 8P marketing of green investments, which takes into account the convergence of basic elements of green and traditional marketing, modern transformations in commodity, credit, and stock markets in accordance with the concept of sustainable development, promising trends in eco-oriented consumer and investment needs. It is proved that the growth of trading on the stock exchange in the country is accompanied by the development of the green investment market and increasing the attractiveness of the company among stakeholders. This monograph can be useful for company management, government, students, faculty, researchers, and graduate students.

Keywords: corporate green investment practices, green investment, sustainable development.
Review on a monograph: “Marketing and Management of Green Investment: Theoretical Foundations, Current Challenges, and Development Prospects”
Authors: Shkarupa Olena
Published: August 2020

Author:
Tetyana Pimonenko, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6442-3684
Dr. Sc., Department of Marketing, Sumy State University, Ukraine

Reviewer:
Olena Shkarupa, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-0886
Dr. Sc., Department of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Business Administration, Sumy State University, Ukraine

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21272/sec.4(2).108-109.2020

Download: Views: Downloads:

42
7
Abstract

The author generalized the theoretical and methodological foundations of macroeconomic stability. The considered monograph analyzes the main scientific and methodological approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of stability, financial stability, and macroeconomic stability. The author interprets the concept of macroeconomic stability in terms of two aspects: first, the balance between the level and growth of key macroeconomic indicators; secondly, it is a process of prevention, elimination of threats to economic growth to meet the growing needs of economic entities in conditions of limited resources and increase the influence of systemically important banks on the financial system functioning. The monograph develops the classification of approaches to understanding the essence of macroeconomic stability, which allowed to distinguish dynamic, equilibrium, functional, efficient, resource, structural-equilibrium, elementary approaches, to describe their essence, advantages, disadvantages, and limitations in application. The methodological basis of the research was the following tools: TOPSIS method, comparative and cluster analysis, principal components method, Arellano-Bond method, Fishburne method; generalized method of moments (GMM), Spearman’s rank correlation method, regression, and statistical analysis. The monograph “Macroeconomic Stability of the National Economy” will be useful for students, teachers, graduate students, and researchers. The monograph proposes methodological principles for assessing macroeconomic stability, which is based on five main indicators of public economic policy (GDP growth rate, unemployment, inflation, external debt, the state budget deficit/surplus). This allows a comprehensive approach to the analysis of achieving the goals of the macroeconomic stability of the national economy. The author has developed a method of assessing the level of social progress in the growth of the national economy, which takes into account the impact of qualitative and quantitative indicators of society and justifies the mutual influence of macroeconomic stability and social progress.

Keywords: macroeconomics, stability, national economy.
Poverty And Inequality In Access To Housing In Mexico City During Neoliberalism
Authors: Sanchez Carlos
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the main preconditions for the emergence of poverty and inequality in the distribution of housing among the population in Mexico City. The article analyzes this issue under the influence of the evolutionary development of neoliberalism: deindustrialization, depopulation, and poverty. The study proposes a definition of the poverty index induced by housing shortages, which is calculated as the difference between the average annual income in a given locality and the average annual level of rent, loan and housing loan, which is related to the cost of food and non-food products. The study was based on statistics on income and housing of 16 districts, grouped into three functional areas of Mexico City for the period from 2008 to 2015, and the source of the study – analytical reports of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography of Mexico. The results of the empirical study show that deindustrialization is determined by an increase in the share of the tertiary sector of the economy and at the same time a reduction in material production. These trends in the sectoral development of the economy have led to a concentration of services in the city and uneven regional development, which has been accompanied by increasing speculation in the real estate market and the lack of an effective state housing policy. It has been established that over the last decade, conditions have been created in central Mexico for the expulsion of local low-income groups and the involvement of people with greater financial means. At the same time, locals in the southern district of Mexico City find themselves in a situation of deep inequality compared to residents of other parts of the city, as its residents have enough income to meet basic needs, so they are on the brink of poverty and socially vulnerable. The results of the study can be useful for scientists and government officials to take a set of measures aimed at stimulating housing construction for the poor. Keywords: poverty, inequality, housing, neoliberalism, Mexico.
Service Marketing Analysis Of Movies As Unique Service-Products
Authors: Horváth Ádám , Gyenge Balázs
Published: August 2020

One of the features of films compared to other cultural products is the possibility of their use for advertising and information activities and influence on the formation of needs and audience preferences, as well as different patterns of consumer behavior. The urgency of this scientific problem is that the sale of cinema products today is impossible without a marketing system. The application of different marketing strategies depending on the specific tasks allows a differentiated approach to each project and achieve the goals both from the standpoint of contribution to the development of culture and in terms of obtaining economic effects from the film industry. The main purpose of the study is to substantiate and determine the features of the use of marketing tools in the film industry. The study of marketing services for film production was carried out in accordance with the logical structure of the concept of “7P” (product, promotion, location, price, staff, physical environment, and the process of providing services). Recommendations for the marketing of services in the film industry: first, the choice of methods for watching movies depends on the type of media environment (traditional, digital), secondly, the choice of ways to obtain movies depending on their genre and subject, thirdly, in order to effective promotion of content and perception of the film identified the basic requirements for its trailer. The article proves that the marketing of services in the film industry is aimed not only at meeting the socio-cultural needs of the population but also at the commercialization of the industry, ensuring audience access to films, as well as creating market conditions for its sustainable development. The research materials are the basis for further research on current issues of modern film practice, integration of film production and film consumption.

Keywords: movie consumption, service marketing, consumer behavior, cultural marketing.
Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things to Improve Governance, Financial Management and Control of Crisis: Case Study COVID-19
Authors: Lopez Belen Suarez , Alcaide Antonio Vargas
Published: August 2020

Today, the coronavirus infection COVID-2019 deals a devastating blow to the economies of most countries due to disruption of production chains, the bankruptcy of small and medium-sized businesses, increasing the number of unemployed, and more. Under these conditions, the coverage of digitalization of all sectors of the economy and basic spheres of life of citizens becomes especially important. The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities of the latest blockchain technologies, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things in view of their impact on the transformation of the business process management system. The study used methods of bibliographic analysis of scientific publications and analytical reports of international organizations related to the concept of “Industry 4.0” and diseases of coronavirus infection, analyzing from the audit point of view, how to reinforce the principles of transparency, responsibility, and participation. It has been proven that blockchain technology is able to service online payments without intermediaries, receipt, and transfer of digital assets, as well as political elections and voting. Artificial intelligence models can help map, manage, predict, and model complex processes, reducing uncertainty, and supporting professionals in decision-making. The Internet of Things allows you to transfer information, improve control and automation, and provide opportunities to optimize the company’s operating costs. The result of the study can be practically valuable for many stakeholders: auditors – conducting audits by artificial intelligence; public administration – developing measures to address the economic, social and political crisis triggered by the pandemic, by building trust between government and citizens through communication, and by ensuring transparency and accountability.

Keywords: blockchain, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, COVID-19, health care crisis, economic crisis, political crisis, control, public administration, financial management.
Pollination, Fertilization, and Embryo Development in Southern China Fresh-eating Jujube
Authors: Shao Fengxia , Wang Sen , Liu Zhiming , Hong Rongyan , Zhao Tianjiao
Published: August 2020

To explore the reasons for seed abortion in southern China fresh-eating jujube, improve its reproductive biology, and provide a theoretical basis for the crossbreeding of jujube, we carried out self-pollination and cross-pollination experiments with Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ‘Zhongqiusucui’ as the female parent. We observed the process of pollen tube growth in pistil and embryo development by fluorescence microscopy and paraffin section methods. The results show there were self- and cross-incompatibilities during pollination and fertilization, and there were no significant differences in pollen germination and pollen tube growth between self-pollination and cross-pollination. It took at least 4 hours for pollen and stigma to recognize each other, 6 hours for pollen to germinate on the stigma, and 12 hours for the pollen tube to penetrate the mastoid cells of the stigma. After 48 hours of pollination, the pollen tube reached one third of the style. The pollen tube remained stagnant 72 to 120 hours after pollination, and remained at one third of the stylar canal. Simultaneously, the pollen tubes on the stigma twisted and interacted with each other, and expanded into a spherical shape. A few pollen tubes reached the ovary and completed fertilization. However, some early globular embryos degenerated before forming into globular embryos and resulted in the formation of empty embryo sacs, which leads to seed abortion. In conclusion, the poor pollination and fertilization, and the blocked development of the embryo resulted in seed abortion in Z. jujuba ‘Zhongqiusucui’.
THE IMPACTS OF CORRUPTION ON ATTRACTING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
Authors: Zaki Najibullah
Published: August 2020

Investment is a macroeconomic variable and its well-known as the engine of economy that boosts economic growth, economic development and sustainable development. Investment plays an important role in the livelihood welfare of citizens. All economies require different types of investments particularly Foreign Direct Investment/ FDI in different sectors. Based on empirical researches, mostly FDI has positive impacts on the sustainable economic growth of the host economies. On one hand, FDI transfers technologies, skills, innovations, experiences, techniques and knowledge to the host economies. On the other hand, it provides host economies with stable financial resources for long period of time. Thus, it is the responsibility of governments to open their borders toward FDI inflows in order to attract this valuable financial resource. Despite the fact that countries require FDI but corruption is one of the main obstacles against it.

Theoretically, there is a negative correlation between corruption and FDI inflows. In other words, corruption negatively impacts the FDI inflows and decreases FDI volume. Because, corruption increases costs and decreases benefits of FDI, corruption deteriorates the competitive trade environment; corruption discourages foreign investors through protecting domestic investors and corruption negatively effects the productivity of foreign investors. In practice, although most of the empirical researches showed that corruption negatively impacts the FDI flows. But some empirical researches also confirmed that there is a positive correlation between corruption and FDI flows. Hence, countries are responsible in fighting against corruption to attract more FDI and in return benefits their sustainable economic growth.
REPRESENTATION OF ISLAM AND MUSLIMS IN WESTERN FILMS: AN “IMAGINARY” MUSLIM COMMUNITY
Authors: Sutkutė Rūta
Published: August 2020

This article provides a textual and visual analysis of Hirsi Ali and van Gogh’s controversial short film Submission (2004) and Marc Forster’s The Kite Runner (2007). Emphasis is placed on rhetorical and plot strategies, aimed at reinforcing unproductive Orientalist stereotypes of Islam and Muslims. The aim of this analysis is to find out how Muslims and Islam are presented in Submission and The Kite Runner, based on E. Said's (1978) work “Orientalism” and to identify Theo van Gogh's assassination, influenced public attitudes towards Muslims. The following means are used to reach the aim: to analyze the concept of Orientalism and stereotypes, connections with the media and the influence of popular culture on their expression; to find out the role of the Muslim minority in the process of constructing social reality (stereotypes); to analyze how Muslims and Islam are presented in the films Submission and The Kite Runner.

Summarizing the analysis of the film Submission, it should be noted, that the main character is supposedly portrayed as being oppressed by Islamic culture, who lived in complete isolation, thus reinforcing the negative attitudes and stereotypes in society towards Muslims, especially women. However, the subject of Submission, feminism or the oppression of women was never the main subject of discussion, on the contrary, it was Islamic radicalism, extremism and terrorism. Meanwhile, after analyzing the film The Kite Runner, it should be noted, that the plot reveals stereotypes about Islam and Muslims that exist in both Western and Eastern societies. Oriental characters are portrayed in the film as much lower in morality and values than, for example, Westerners. The film’s episodes emphasize the fanatical consequences of both terrorism and Islamism, and the relationship between the main characters reflects the orientalist culture of Afghanistan.
THE INFLUENCE OF NANO-SILVER ON FORMATION OF MICROBIAL BIOFILMS IN CASES OF TRAUMATIC LESION OF THE AUXILIARY APPARATUS OF THE EYE
Authors: Petrenko Oksana , Dranko Maryna , Holubnycha Victoriia , Hrytsai Larysa
Published: August 2020

Pyoinflammatory complications remain an acute problem in the post-operative period of traumatic lesions of the auxiliary apparatus of the eye (AAE). Silver both in the ionic form and in composition of chemical compounds is highly toxic for microorganisms, and as a result, it shows bactericidal effect to many bacterial strains, including gram-negative microorganisms. The peculiarity of AgNPs is efficiency of influence on the wide array of microorganisms, significant anti-biofilm effect and absence of resistance reaction. The aim of the research. To study the influence of the colloidal nano silver on formation of biofilms by microorganisms discharged from the wounds of patients with traumatic lesions of the auxiliary apparatus of the eye. Materials and methods. During 2018-2019, we examined 60 patients with traumatic lesions of the auxiliary apparatus of the eye. For evaluation of the influence of colloid nano silver solution on the processes of formation of the biofilm, we selected microorganisms which were cultured most frequently (Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella ozenae) from the patients. Results. The obtained data suggest that colloid nano silver inhibits efficiently formation of biofilms at the early stages (initiation, the 0 day of incubation) of their formation by all the three microorganisms, and the degree of inhibition of the biofilm formation did not depend on the silver concentration. The effect of colloid silver in the concentrations used by us at later stages of biofilm formation (the 3rd and the 7th day) with respect to К. ozenae is less efficient – the growth of cell biomass was observed (p≤0.05), and it did not depend on the silver concentration. At the same time, the effect of the colloid nano silver on S. aureus and Acinetobacter spp. on the 3rd and the 7th days was more efficient than at the early stage (p≤0.05). Conclusions. Nanoparticles of colloid silver are an efficient means to combat biofilms, as well as to prevent their formation.
Application of high hydrostatic pressure technology to improve consumer characteristics and safety of meat products
Authors: Maksimenko A. A. , Lyude A. V. , Semenova A. A. , Dydykin A. S. , Nishiumi T.
Published: August 2020

Recently, there has been a growing demand for healthy processed foods, such as comminuted or gel-type meat and fish products with reduced content of salt (sodium chloride), phosphate (sodium phosphate) and/or fat, while maintaining their texture and quality characteristics. As know, a high intake of dietary sodium is associated with cardiovascular diseases and strokes. On the other hand, high phosphate intake has a potential health risk, especially with regard to bone metabolism, cardiovascular and kidney diseases. High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) technology has been recognized as a useful method for successfully reducing salt, phosphate and/or fat content in processed muscle products. The texture, yield and organoleptic properties of products are closely related to the structure and functionality of myofibrillar proteins (MP). Application of moderate high hydrostatic pressure at 100–200 MPa has been successfully used to increase the functionality of myofibrillar proteins by modifying the structure due to denaturation, solubilization, aggregation or gelation. The ability to reduce sodium content and achieve a high binding and water retention using this technology is an important task for the production of healthy food products.
Anomalous geochemical fields of ore elements of the South Tatarian sedimentary basin (Tatar Strait, Sea of Japan)
Authors:   V. I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, MAKSEEV Daniil Sergeevich , AKSENTOV Kirill Igorevich ,   V. I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, CHAKIROV Renat Belalovich ,   V. I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, FEDOROV Sergey Andreevich ,   Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Branch of RAS, FEDOROVA Katerina Sergeevna ,   Saint-Petersburg Mining University
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Currently, sea territories for production and exploration of hydrocarbon raw materials and ore deposits have been increased. Geochemical survey of seafloor sediments is of great interest among direct methods for finding deposits. One of the most important objects for such work is the Tatar Strait, in the territory of which high concentrations of useful elements can be found. Purpose of the work: to study the geochemical characteristics of seafloor sediments of the South Tatarian sedimentary basin in order to identify possible ore fields within its territory. Methods and materials. The chemical composition of seafloor sediments was analyzed, according to which maps of geochemical fields were constructed using the ArcGis program. The results of the chemical assays are obtained from the Delta Olympus X-ray fluorescent spectrometer. The number of samples obtained is 62. Results. The contents and redistribution of 21 chemical elements on the studied area were studied. Only five elements have geochemical anomalies or elevated contents that may indicate possible ore deposits: Ti, Zr, Mn, V, S. The main zones of concentration of these elements are in the shelf and bathyal areas. The characteristics of distribution of these elements over the area of the South Tatarian sedimentary basin are given and anomalous geochemical fields are identified. Conclusions. The presence of geochemical indicators of placers of titanium raw materials confined to the river fans of the Tokhtinka, Zhulman, Nemi, Ptichya and to the mechanical barrier in the region of Sovgavan uplift has been established. Promising zones of hydrocarbon concentration due to the high sulfur contents in the zone of the dynamic influence of faults (mainly fissure displacement) along the boundaries of the Terneysky trough in its western and eastern regions have been identified.