bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doze semanas de treinamento intervalado com resistência elástica aumenta a aptidão aeróbia: relato de caso
Authors: Nunes Lenice Brum , Oliveira Julieny Pita de , Gasparini Neto Victor Hugo , Neves Letícia Nascimento Santos , Carletti Luciana
Published: June 2024

Introdução: O treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade com resistência elástica (EL-HIIT) tem se destacado promovendo estímulos cardiorrespiratórios em jovens ativos. Ainda não se sabe se indivíduos obesos apresentarão adaptações favoráveis de desempenho físico e na composição corporal. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do EL-HIIT na aptidão cardiorrespiratória, composição corporal e resposta afetiva em uma mulher obesa. Métodos: Participante com IMC: 34,5 kg/m2, 42 anos, fisicamente inativa. Foram aplicados antes e após 12 semanas de treinamento: Teste cardiopulmonar de exercício na esteira, bioimpedância e o teste cardiopulmonar com resistência elástica. O EL-HIIT foi aplicado 2x por semana por 12 semanas (60s:60s – esforço: recuperação), prescrito na intensidade do limiar ventilatório 2, iniciando com 6 séries, e progredindo para mais uma série/semana, até alcançar 10 séries. A intensidade e a valência afetiva (FC, PSE, OMNI-RES, Escala afetiva) foram monitoradas durante e até 30 min após sessão. Resultados: O EL-HIIT aumentou o V̇O2máx (21,5%) e o V̇O2 do limiar ventilatório 1 (73,5%) e do limiar ventilatório 2 (46,6%). A massa livre de gordura aumentou (3,9%), e massa muscular esquelética aumentou (5,9%). A resposta afetiva aumentou durante (1ª = 1,2; 6ª = 1,5; 12ª = 2,3) e pós-sessão (1ª = 1,7; 6ª = 3,0; 12ª = 3,5). Conclusão: O EL-HIIT aplicado por 12 semanas em uma mulher obesa promoveu melhorias substanciais na aptidão cardiorrespiratória, resposta afetiva positiva além de melhora discreta na composição corporal.
Naked antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates: targeted therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Brivio Erica , Bautista Francisco , Zwaan C. Michel
Published: June 2024

The treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has reached overall survival rates exceeding 90%. The present and future challenges are to cure the remainder of patients still dying from disease, and to reduce morbidity and mortality in those who can be cured with standard-of-care chemotherapy by replacing toxic chemotherapy elements while retaining cure rates. With the novel therapeutic options introduced in the last years, including immunotherapies and targeted antibodies, the treatment of ALL is undergoing major changes. For B-cell precursor ALL, blinatumomab, an anti-CD19 bispecific antibody, has established its role in the consolidation treatment for both high- and standard-risk first relapse of ALL, in the presence of bone marrow involvement, and may also have an impact on the outcome of high-risk subsets such as infant ALL and Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL. Inotuzumab ozogamicin, an anti-CD22 drug conjugated antibody, has demonstrated high efficacy in inducing complete remission in relapsed ALL, even in the presence of high tumor burden, but randomized phase III trials are still ongoing. For T-ALL the role of CD38-directed treatment, such as daratumumab, is gaining interest, but randomized data are needed to assess its specific benefit. These antibodies are currently being tested in patients with newly diagnosed ALL and may lead to major changes in the present paradigm of treatment of pediatric ALL. Unlike the past, lessons may be learned from innovations in adult ALL, in which more drastic changes are piloted that may need to be translated to pediatrics.
Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Refractory Brick Residue in Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Bereche Jhan , García Juan
Published: June 2024

Refractory brick waste, added to the fires originated in structures, makes it possible to bring together two problems to contribute to sustainable construction and introduce new aggregate alternatives in concrete. The objective of the study was to produce concrete with less fine aggregate and to evaluate a more sustainable concrete, using refractory brick residues (RBR) to replace fine aggregate in five percentages 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 % and 50 % to be exposed to direct fire. The design was based on a water-cement w/c ratio of 0.71 and the production of 144 RBR-based concrete specimens. The fresh samples were subjected to slump and fresh unit weight tests, the cylindrical specimens prepared after 28 days of curing were subjected to compressive strength at room temperature and various temperatures (200 to 1 000 °C) for different times of 15, 30 and 60 minutes. In addition, a Three Factor statistical analysis of variance was performed with respect to the compressive strength at 28 days. The results showed that the RBR influences the concrete mix are less workable and reduce the fresh unit weight at higher substitution percentages. On the other hand, the ideal dosage was with the percentage of 40RBR as opposed to the other dosages subjected to heat, being insignificant at 15-minute exposure, but relevant at 30 and 60 minutes. It is concluded that RBR significantly influences the improvement of its mechanical properties under high heat and the amount of residues is limited to a specific dosage, providing a sustainable constructive approach to direct controlled fire exposures.
Criatividade em modelagem matemática: levantamento analítico de pesquisas desenvolvidas
Authors: Kolancko Setti Elenice Josefa , Vertuan Rodolfo Eduardo
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar um levantamento analítico das pesquisas que tratam da criatividade em Modelagem Matemática na perspectiva da Educação Matemática, a partir de uma revisão de literatura com método qualitativo, com base nos trabalhos publicados na forma de dissertações, teses e artigos em anais de eventos e periódicos. Dos quarenta e quatro trabalhos analisados, foram constituídas quatro categorias: 1. Processo criativo em Modelagem Matemática; 2. Aproximações entre criatividade e Modelagem Matemática; 3. Orientações para possibilitar o desenvolvimento da criatividade em Modelagem e; 4. Criatividade na produção internacional de Modelagem - algumas especificidades. A análise destas categorias mostrou que, embora recente, as pesquisas sobre criatividade em Modelagem Matemática estão em ascensão no âmbito nacional e internacional. De modo geral, os trabalhos comungam de um mesmo entendimento: a potencialidade da Modelagem em desenvolver a criatividade dos estudantes. Quando o foco são as aproximações entre criatividade e Modelagem, temos que o fato de a Modelagem ser uma atividade heurística a constitui um ambiente favorável à produção de produtos criativos. Para além desta característica, a liberdade e a autonomia dos estudantes neste ambiente também são aspectos que favorecem a criatividade, além da motivação e valorização da cultura do sujeito que modela. As características da criatividade – fluência, flexibilidade, originalidade, adequação e avaliação – também são apontadas como características comuns em um ambiente de Modelagem. Deste modo, elas são utilizadas para avaliar a criatividade na maioria das situações. No que tange à produção internacional, temos algumas especificidades, como o uso de testes para avaliar a criatividade e a proposição da criatividade grupal, inspiradas na perspectiva sociocultural da criatividade. Por fim, considerando a pesquisa em criatividade, quando olhamos para os trabalhos que investigam sua relação com a Modelagem, observamos que a ênfase está na questão da criatividade enquanto habilidade potencializada pela Modelagem.
PEMANFAATAN HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU DAUN KETAPANG (Terminalia catappa) SEBAGAI PEWARNA ALAMI DI PULAU TERNATE
Authors: Mochtar Nurwani , Salatalohy Asiah , Fatrawana Adesna
Published: June 2024

Terminalia catappa merupakan salah satu tumbuhan kehutanan yang banyak tersebar di pulau Ternate. Bagian dari Ketapang dapat di manfaatkan sebagai bahan olahan makanan, pengobatan, dan pewarna alami. Tanin yang terkandung dalam daun ketapang dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami pengganti  pewarna sintesis yang mengandung bahan kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan ketapang jenis Terminalia catappa di pulau Ternate serta mengetahui warna yang dihasilkan dari ekstrak daun ketapang menggunakan fiksator tawas, kapur dan tunjung. Metode yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode ektraksi basah. Data yang diperoleh menggunakan analisis kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan tumbuhan ketapang dan bahan fiksasi yang digunakan. Pemanfaatan daun ketapang sebagai pewarna alami di lakukan dengan cara ekstraksi daun ketapang dan fiksasi menggunakan  bahan fiksator kapur, tawas dan tunjung. Hasil dari penelitian ini berhasil mendapatkan tiga warna alami dari ekstrak daun ketapang menggunakan bahan fiksasi. Fiksator tawas mengasilkan warna kuning, fiksator kapur menghasilkan warna coklat tua dan fiksator tunjung menghasilkan warna hitam. Fungsi dari fiksasi yaitu untuk mengunci warna dan mempertahankan kelunturan. Ketapang jenis Terminalia catappa dapat di gunakan  sebagai bahan dasar pewarna alami di pulau Ternate
Contestation, Conflict, and Crisis in Transition:
Authors:   , Yuana Suci Lestari
Published: June 2024

This thesis unravels the dynamics of Indonesia's ridesharing industry, shedding light on pivotal aspects shaping urban mobility transitions in the Global South. The primary aim of this thesis is to delve into the emergence of online ridesharing and how this influences the ongoing urban mobility transition. Central to this exploration are the contestation, conflicts, and crises that invariably emerge during this transformative process.

To illuminate this intricate interplay, the overarching research question that guides this study is: "How do contestations, conflicts, and crises shape the future of online ridesharing in urban mobility transitions in the Global South?” The research challenges prevailing perspectives on contestation, conflict, and crisis, presenting them not as destabilising factors but as essential mechanisms for self-organisation in societies navigating urban mobility transitions.

Exploring media discourse dynamics, the study identifies five frames influencing policy responses. Contrary to Western trends, ridesharing in Indonesia is driven more by commercial and legal considerations than environmental sustainability. The thesis then delves into multidimensional conflict, challenging binary views and incorporating material elements and temporal dimensions in the analysis. It introduces critical moments as units of analysis, offering a nuanced understanding of conflict involving diverse actors, such as conventional taxi drivers, policymakers, and ridesharing entities.

Examining future uncertainties, the research highlights diverse perceptions of time horizons and emphasises the role of social interactions in shaping future storylines. Multi-criteria mapping engages participants in envisioning various futures, revealing non-technological aspects' prominence in articulated futures.

The thesis further explores the interplay of conflict and crisis, demonstrating the COVID-19 pandemic's role in shaping informal institutions within digital platform transitions. It underscores the significance of informal institutions, emphasising a contextualised approach to transition management in the Global South.

Implications for transition research involve a reevaluation of contestation as a catalyst for change, a broader understanding of conflict, and a recognition of the role of crises in revealing informal strategies. Transition governance implications emphasise the importance of informal institutions, a multi-temporal approach to governance, inclusive stakeholder engagement, future-oriented analysis, and context-specific policies.
Indigenous Knowledges and New Materialism: A Citation Analysis of Exclusion
Authors: Kibler Jacquelyne
Published: June 2024

None
PERBEDAAN KADAR TANIN TOTAL EKSTRAK DAUN TURI (Sesbania grandiflora L.) VARIETAS MERAH DAN PUTIH DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Kurniawati Evi , Lestari Tri Puji , Hardini Pri Hardini
Published: June 2024

Turi is one of the plants that has activity as an antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. The content of secondary metabolites in turi leaves are flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. Tannins are phenol compounds with hydroxy groups and several other groups such as carboxyl. This study aims to determine the difference in total tannin levels in turi leaf extracts of red and white varieties. The extraction process with maceration using 70% ethanol solvent. Then the extract obtained was carried out screening tests, thin layer chromatography tests, and determination of tannin levels by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Parameters of analytical method validation were carried out by determining linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ. The results of the validation of the linearity analysis method obtained a linear regression equation y = 0.0038x + 0.3153 r value = 0.9985. The accuracy results obtained are in the range of 97-103%, RSD value of 0.18% and the LOD value is 6,213 ppm and LOQ is 20,711 ppm. The measurement results of total tannin content in turi leaf extracts of red and white varieties at a wavelength of 750 nm are 7.876% w / w TAE and 9.195% w / w TAE, respectively. Independent sample T-test results show there is a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the total tannin content of turi leaf extracts of red and white varieties.
Keywords: Turi leaves, tannin, UV-vis spectrophotometer
EKSPLORASI KEARIFAN LOKAL KHAS BORNEO: BIOSINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KOKANG (Lepishanthes amoena (Hass) Leenh)
Authors: Aminah  , Rahman Nurul Aulia , Amalia Sindi , Hardiani Lia , Khairunnisa Annida , Jubaidah Siti , Puspita Alfiana Dwi
Published: June 2024

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) is a process of changing Ag+ ions to Ag0. The biosynthesis method in this research is green synthesis using natural ingredients to reduce silver, this synthesis is safer, environmentally friendly and economical. Based on this, this research aims to determine the optimal reaction conditions in the biosynthesis process using ethanol extract from cock leaves. The research method carried out pH optimization with variations of 8, 9, and 10 and then obtained the best pH, where the pH optimization will later be used in the AgNO3 optimization process with variations of 1mM, 2mM, and 4mM. After obtaining the best Ag optimization, the next stage was extract optimization using variations of 0.5%, 1% and 2%, the results of which will be seen based on the SPR peak of 400-500 nm which indicates the formation of AgNPs. The results of the research showed that AgNPs from cockang leaf ethanol extract were able to reduce at pH 8, AgNO3 2mM and 4mM, as well as 0.5% extract, and the contact time reaction showed a good formula for AgNP 1, AgNP2, AgNP3 which was indicated by the absorbance intensity at long waves that form AgNPs at the SPR peak of 400-500. Based on the results of SEM characterization, the morphology at a concentration of 2 mM has a surface that is not very smooth and the size is not very uniform, but at a concentration of 4 mM the surface is smooth and the particles are not uniform. With particle sizes in the range of 50-80 nm.
Position Based Visual Servoing untuk Robot Sepak Bola Beroda Menggunakan Kamera Omni
Authors: Salsabilla Febby Ayu , Siradjuddin Indrazno , Winarno Totok
Published: June 2024

Pada pertandingan robot sepak bola beroda, salah satu kinerja robot adalah bagaimana mendapatkan bola berdasarkan posisi bola berada. Biasanya, navigasi robot dilakukan dengan mengolah data informasi dari sensor penglihatan. Dalam beberapa kasus, sistem penglihatan yang dikembangkan untuk navigasi bergantung dari geometri lingkungan dan informasi lainnya dalam mendorong proses lokalisasi. Maka dari itu, pada penelitian ini digunakan kamera omni yang diletakkan pada bagian atas dari badan robot. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode Position Based Visual Servoing (PBVS) untuk memperkirakan pose dari fitur gambar dalam ruang 2D yang diperoleh dari kalibrasi kamera intrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Robot didesain menggunakan 4 roda omniwheels dengan kontrol kinematik untuk pergerakannya. Tahapan yang dilakukan dimulai dari mendeteksi warna bola untuk mendapatkan nilai  dari pixel kamera. Nilai  digunakan sebagai input untuk menghitung rumus  yang nantinya dapat menghitung nilai jarak untuk mendapatkan posisi bola sebagai masukan memperoleh nilai error. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu robot mampu bergerak mendekati bola sesuai dengan set point yang telah ditentukan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan rataan nilai RMSEnya 0.2.  Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa robot mampu bergerak mendekati bola dengan baik menggunakan kontrol kinematik yang telah didesain dan mendapatkan bola dengan akurasi yang baik menggunakan metode Position Based Visual Servoing (PBVS).
KONVERTER ENERGI TERBARUKAN SEL VOLTA MEMANFAATKAN AIR GARAM DENGAN TOPOLOGI BUCK
Authors: Habibi Muhammad , Setiawan Budhy , Budi Edi Sulistio
Published: June 2024

Energi fosil merupakan energi yang sangat banyak digunakan nelayan untuk mencari ikan tetapi ketersediaan untuk bahan bakar fosil terus semakin menipis. Energi terbarukan metode sel volta yang memanfaatkan air laut dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu pemenuhan energi alternatif. Sel volta merupakan sel yang dapat mengubah energi kimia menjadi energi listrik melalui mekanisme reaksi redoks yang berlangsung secara spontan. Penelitian ini hanya sebatas uji coba. Sehingga, dalam penelitiannya air laut diganti menggunakan air garam. Pemilihan elektrode sangat berpengaruh untuk mendapatkan tegangan sumber yang besar. Sehingga, sel volta akan dirangkai seri untuk mendapatkan tegangan 13-14V mengikuti prinsip kerja battery. Dalam proses battery charging dengan sumber listrik yang berasal dari sel volta tentunya diperlukan sebuah alat kontrol yang berfungsi mengatur sistem pengisian energi listrik yang biasa disebut charge controller. Sistem pengendalian yang digunakan pada battery charging sel volta ini yaitu konverter DC-DC jenis buck dengan metode kontrol PID menggunakan Arduino Uno. Konverter Buck bekerja sebagai penurun dan penstabil tegangan keluaran dari sel volta sesuai dengan standart pengisian akumulator. Pada skripsi ini akan mendesain dan membuat sebuah alat penelitian konversi energi sel volta ke listrik, harapannya dengan metode yang digunakan, sel volta pada parameter tertentu dapat menambah energi listrik pada perahu nelayan.
Optimasi Kebutuhan Udara Proses Pada Secondary Reformer (103-D) Di Pabrik Amonia PT X
Authors: Restu Ramadhani Pratama Putra  , Zami Furqon
Published: June 2024

PT X adalah produsen pupuk urea yang menghadapi masalah tingginya methane leakage dalam proses produksi amonia dari gas alam. Tingginya methane leakage dapat menyebabkan deposit carbon pada katalis dan mengganggu proses konversi N2 dan H2 menjadi amonia di ammonia converter. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dilakukan optimasi dengan pendekatan regresi linear dan trial & error pada secondary reformer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah optimasi, methane leakage berhasil dikurangi dari 0,52% menjadi 0,35%, dengan penurunan sebesar 0,17%. Kebutuhan udara proses yang optimal adalah 1683,9997 kmol/h, dan kondisi operasi secondary reformer mencakup temperatur outlet 929,9188°C, tekanan outlet 29,3818 kg/cm2, temperatur top bed 867,4784°C, temperatur mid bed 842,5828°C, dan temperatur bottom bed 843,7816°C. Hasil perhitungan keekonomian menunjukkan bahwa kerugian akibat methane leakage sebelum optimasi adalah US$ 2.120,4292 per hari, sementara setelah optimasi, kerugian tersebut berkurang menjadi US$ 1.263,9847 per hari. Selisih antara kerugian sebelum dan sesudah optimasi mencerminkan keuntungan setelah optimasi, yang sebesar US$ 856,444 per hari atau sekitar Rp 12.803.845,054 per hari.
Prototype Safety Instrumented System Pada Proses Pengendalian Level Berbasis Outseal Programmable Logic Controller
Authors: De Lafayatte Muhammad , Kusuma Dewi Astrie
Published: June 2024

Dalam industri minyak dan gas, keselamatan merupakan faktor terpenting yang harus diterapkan untuk menghindari beberapa insiden yang mengakibatkan kerugian baik material maupun non-material. Salah satu peralatan keselamatan dalam industri minyak dan gas adalah Safety Instrumented System (SIS). Dalam penelitian ini, SIS diimplementasikan dalam proses kontrol level di tangki penyimpanan air. Peralatan SIS sendiri terpisah dari peralatan process control, biasanya peralatan SIS menggunakan PLC sebagai controller-nya. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan prinsip gerbang logika dan tabel kebenaran. Peralatan yang digunakan adalah level switch high, level switch low, sevel switch high high sebagai input dan pump, dan solenoid valve sebagai output. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pompa akan hidup/mati dan katup solenoid membuka/menutup jika kedua input tinggi. Sementara itu, alarm dan emergency shut down terjadi ketika semua input tinggi. Seluruh sistem dalam prototipe ini menerapkan gerbang logika AND sebagai acuan dalam menentukan tindakan output.
Remote Sensor untuk Monitoring CO dan NO2 Terpublikasi Online
Authors: Rahmadani Alfiandi Aulia Rahmadani , Setiawan Budhy , Radianto Donny
Published: June 2024

Air quality is important for the survival of the entire ecosystem. Air contains various substances, namely, CH4, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, CO, PM10, and so on. At certain levels these substances have the potential to cause health problems. This study discusses a remote sensor system using Wi-Fi communication on ESP32 and the Decision Tree Algorithm as a classification of values to the ISPU for CO and NO2 levels whose reading data is sent to the MySQL database server then the data is displayed on the website and on a 128x64 Graphic LCD. Based on the tests carried out the system runs according to plan, where the sensor can detect CO and NO2 by sampling per 5 seconds then the reading value will be classified using the Decision Tree Algorithm and the reading results will be sent to the database every 30 seconds and displayed on the website with a delivery delay of 5 seconds and data on the website can be downloaded in CSV format.
sistem monitoring air dan pemberian pupuk otomatis berbasis IoT di tambak bandeng desa golokan
Authors: Firmansyah Muhammad zurdi hilal , Rini Puji Astutik
Published: June 2024

Budidaya ikan bandeng merupakan suatu usaha yang menjanjikan saat ini, kebutuhan ikan yang tinggi di pasaran, membuat terbuka kesempatan untuk berwirausaha di sektor budidaya ikan, ikan bandeng di pasar sangat di minati selain untuk konsumsi ikan bandeng juga mudah untuk di budidaya, ini merupakan salah satu factor pendukung untuk kemajuan budidaya ikan bandeng. Namun pemberian pupuk pada tambak bandeng yang tidak tepat waktu bisa menjadi penghambat untuk pertumbuhan ikan bandeng. Tujuan dalam penelitian kali ini yaitu membuat sebuah alat untuk memonitoring air dan memberikan pupuk secara otomatis dari mana saja menggunakan smartphone. Alat yang di gunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai pengendali dari sistem ini, dan ESP32 ini juga sebagai pembaca sensor PH dan sensor SALINITAS untuk mendeteksi kadar asam dan kadar garam pada air di tambak bandeng, sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 yang dapat mendeteksi jarak untuk memonitoring ketersediaan pupuk, motor servo yang dapat bergerak untuk membuka dan menutup tempat pupuk,  dan juga apliaksi BLYNK sebagai platform yang mendukung IoT pada ESP32. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu berupa alat monitoring air dan pemberi pupuk otomatis, ESP32 akan memberikan notifikasi ke aplikasi jika tambak telah di beri pupuk.
Kata kunci: Monitoring, ESP32, Aplikasi Blynk.
Keakurasian Sistem Monitoring Flow Rate Menggunakan Flow Computer Omni 6000 di PT Energi Nusantara Perkasa
Authors: Zulrahma Yasmin , Asepta Surya Wardhana
Published: June 2024

Di bidang ektraksi LPG perlu adanya peralatan handal yang dipergunakan di stasiun gas, salah satunya dengan penggunaan Flow Computer Omni 6000 yang berfungsi sebagai kalkulator gas flowrate yang ditransmisikan, serta dapat mengetahui komposisi gas yang ditransmisikan ke konsumen. Penggunaan teknologi Flow Computer dalam memonitor laju aliran pada proses industri menjadi alternatif yang efektif karena mampu memberikan pengukuran yang lebih akurat, cepat, dan terpercaya. Flow Computer dapat menghasilkan pengukuran data yang akurat dan terus menerus, sehingga dapat membantu meningkatkan efisiensi produksi dan mengurangi kerugian produksi. Oleh karena itu, penulis tertarik untuk mengambil judul “Keakurasian sistem monitoring Flow Rate menggunakan Flow Computer OMNI-6000 di PT. Energi Nusantara Perkasa” dan melakukan sistem monitoring laju aliran gas dibutuhkan data-data yang akurat agar memperoleh hasil yang sesuai dengan kondisi lapangan.
The efficacy of herbal medicines on the length of stay and negative conversion time/rate outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review
Authors: Latarissa Irma Rahayu , Meiliana Anna , Sormin Ida Paulina , Sugiono Erizal , Wathoni Nasrul , Barliana Melisa Intan , Lestari Keri
Published: June 2024

Introduction

In recent years, diverse initiatives have been carried out to control the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from measures restricting social activities to analyzing drugs and vaccines. Studies on herbal medicines are also increasingly conducted in various countries as an adjuvant therapy or supplement. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to investigate the efficacy of herbal medicines analyzed from various countries through clinical trials with the randomized controlled trial method. The outcomes of Length of Stay (LOS), Negative Conversion Time (NCT), and Negative Conversion Rate (NCR) were the main focus.

Methods

An extensive review of literature spanning from 2019 to 2023 was carried out using well-known databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane. The search included relevant keywords such as “randomized controlled trial,” “COVID-19,” and “herbal medicine.”

Results

A total of 8 articles were part of the inclusion criteria with outcomes of LOS, NCT, and NCR. In terms of LOS outcomes, all types of herbal medicines showed significant results, such as Persian Medicine Herbal (PM Herbal), Persian Barley Water (PBW), Jingyin Granules (JY granules), Reduning Injection, and Phyllanthus emblica (Amla). However, only JY granules showed significant results in NCR outcome, while JY granules and Reduning Injection showed significant results in reducing NCT.

Conclusion

These findings enrich our understanding of the potential benefits of herbal medicines in influencing LOS, NCR and NCT parameters in COVID-19 patients. Herbal medicines worked to treat COVID-19 through antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory mechanisms.
Burden of Childhood Diarrhea and Its Associated Factors in Ethiopia: A Review of Observational Studies
Authors: Sahiledengle Biniyam , Atlaw Daniel , Mwanri Lillian , Petrucka Pammla , Kumie Abera , Tekalegn Yohannes , Desta Fikreab , Zenbaba Demisu , Mesfin Telila , Gomora Degefa , Agho Kingsley Emwinyore
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to: i) determine the pooled prevalence of acute diarrhea; and ii) synthesize and summarize current evidence on factors of acute diarrheal illnesses among under-five children in Ethiopia.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, HINARI, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Global Index Medicus, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and the Cochrane Library. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The methodological quality of each included article was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality assessment tool for cross-sectional and case-control studies. A random-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of diarrheal illnesses. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using I2 test statistics and Egger’s test, respectively. The statistical analysis was done using STATA™ software version 14.

Results: Fifty-three studies covering over 27,458 under-five children who met the inclusion criteria were included. The pooled prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children in Ethiopia was found to be 20.8% (95% CI: 18.69–22.84, n = 44, I2 = 94.9%, p < 0.001). Our analysis revealed a higher prevalence of childhood diarrhea in age groups of 12–23 months 25.42% (95%CI: 21.50–29.35, I2 = 89.4%, p < 0.001). In general, the evidence suggests that diarrheal risk factors could include: i) child level determinants (child’s age 0–23 months, not being vaccinated against rotavirus, lack of exclusive breastfeeding, and being an under-nourished child); ii) parental level determinants {mothers poor handwashing practices [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 3.05; 95% CI:2.08–4.54] and a history of maternal recent diarrhea (pooled OR = 3.19, 95%CI: 1.94–5.25)}; and iii) Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) determinants [lack of toilet facility (pooled OR = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.05–2.33)], lack handwashing facility (pooled OR = 4.16, 95%CI: 2.49–6.95) and not treating drinking water (pooled OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.50–3.46).

Conclusion: In Ethiopia, the prevalence of diarrhea among children under the age of five remains high and is still a public health problem. The contributing factors to acute diarrheal illnesses were child, parental, and WASH factors. A continued focus on improving access to WASH facilities, along with enhancing maternal hygiene behavior will accelerate reductions in diarrheal disease burden in Ethiopia.
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Methods and Text Features for Text Authorship Recognition in the Example of Azerbaijani Language Texts
Authors: Azimov Rustam , Providas Efthimios
Published: June 2024

This paper presents various machine learning methods with different text features that are explored and evaluated to determine the authorship of the texts in the example of the Azerbaijani language. We consider techniques like artificial neural network, convolutional neural network, random forest, and support vector machine. These techniques are used with different text features like word length, sentence length, combined word length and sentence length, n-grams, and word frequencies. The models were trained and tested on the works of many famous Azerbaijani writers. The results of computer experiments obtained by utilizing a comparison of various techniques and text features were analyzed. The cases where the usage of text features allowed better results were determined.
Research on the Construction of a Risk Assessment Indicator System for Transportation Infrastructure Investment under Public–Private Partnership Model
Authors: Weng Xiangjian , Yuan Chunhui , Li Xiaolong , Li Hui
Published: June 2024

This paper is dedicated to developing a risk assessment indicator system applicable to transportation infrastructure investment projects in the public–private partnership (PPP) model. Initially, through practical research, literature reviews, and expert interviews, key risk factors for transportation infrastructure investment projects in the PPP mode were identified. Based on these risk factors, a preliminary risk assessment indicator system was established. Subsequently, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimensions of the indicators, simplify the structure of the system, and highlight key risk factors. Simultaneously, the CRITIC-EWM method was applied to calculate the weights of the indicators. Furthermore, to validate the effectiveness of the indicator system, a questionnaire survey was conducted, collecting 314 responses. Structural equation modeling was applied to validate the effectiveness of the indicator system and examine its application value in practical risk management processes. The primary contribution of this study lies in proposing a method for constructing a risk assessment indicator system that combines quantitative and qualitative analyses, providing new theoretical and practical guidance for risk management of transportation infrastructure investment projects under the PPP mode.
Addressing Water Contamination and Associated Health Issues through Community-Based Interventions: A Case Study in Khon Kaen Province
Authors: Maneeprakorn Weerakanya , Tumcharern Gamolwan , Bamrungsap Suwussa , Chansaenpak Kantapat , Segkhoonthod Khoonsake , Rattanabut Chanoknan , Karn-orachai Kullavadee , Ngamaroonchote Aroonsri , Sangkaew Prapaporn , Wongsuwan Pornpimol , Pimalai Dechnarong , Yong Nararat , Ouiram Tik , Phattrapornpisit Peraya , Lert-itthiporn Aurachat , Gerdsapaya Satita , Pimpha Nuttaporn , Thanayupong Eknarin , Ngammuangtueng Pitak , Rattanopas Sopita , Piyanuch Pornthip , Butmee Preeyanut , Noipitak Phongthep , Bunsri Thitiya , Somboonkaew Armote , Rayanasukha Sirajit , Wannason Uayphorn , Chanhorm Sataporn , Chaitavon Kosom , Thananawanukul Mongkol , Cha’on Ubon , Anutrakulchai Sirirat , Japrung Deanpen
Published: June 2024

A recent study conducted in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand, evaluated the effectiveness of a technology-assisted intervention aimed at improving water quality and addressing related health issues in communities around key water bodies. The intervention targeted health concerns associated with water contamination, including chronic kidney diseases, skin conditions, hypertension, and neurological symptoms. The study included water quality assessments and health evaluations of 586 residents and implemented a Learning Innovation Platform (LIP) across 13 communities. Results showed significant improvements in the community, including a decrease in hypertension and skin-related health issues, as well as enhanced community awareness and proficiency in implementing simple water quality assessments and treatment. The study demonstrated the value of a comprehensive, technology-driven community approach, effectively enhancing water quality and health outcomes, and promoting greater community awareness and self-sufficiency in managing environmental health risks.
Double-Duty Carers’ Health and Wellbeing during COVID-19: Exploring the Role of Mobility of the Care Economy in Southern Ontario, Canada
Authors: Ravensbergen Léa , Mehta Sakshi , Sethi Bharati , Ward-Griffin Catherine , Williams Allison
Published: June 2024

Double-Duty Carers (DDCs) refer to people who work in the healthcare industry while also providing unpaid care to relatives, friends, or neighbours. The expectations placed on DDCs is expected to grow, and these employees already experience a high caring burden. As such it is important to understand how best to support their health and wellbeing. This paper explores DDCs’ wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing an understudied factor: their mobility constraints. Following the Mobility of the Care Economy framework and a qualitative research design, it does so through a thematic analysis of 16 semi-structured interviews with female DDCs in Southern Ontario, Canada. Once data saturation was reached, three mobility pathways during the pandemic were identified, all of which negatively affected DDCs wellbeing. First, some COVID-19 policies (e.g., testing requirements) resulted in increased mobility demands and increased spatiotemporal constraints. Second, the closure of institutions that care for dependents (schools, daycares, day centres) resulted in forced reduced mobility, which increased financial stress. Finally, indirect mobility effects were identified: the reduced mobility of other informal carers increased the workload and emotional strain on DDCs. The paper concludes with a discussion of mobility-related policies that could improve DDC wellbeing.
On the Efficacy of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Unsettling Coloniality
Authors: Mzimela Jabulile H. , Moyo Inocent
Published: June 2024

Indigenous groups across Africa mobilized Indigenous Knowledge (IK) practices, albeit not without challenges, to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) continue to be sidelined in formal healthcare policies and programmes. This underscores the urgency to liberate Africa’s epistemologies. Employing the decoloniality lens, this paper examined the colonial influences inherent in African responses to COVID-19 while also exploring the role of IKS in the uMkhanyakude District Municipality (UKDM). The argument is made that, in the case of the UKDM, the efficacy of IKS was demonstrated in the response to and fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. This is the basis for the call to embrace and recognize that IKS is a legitimate body of knowledge comparable to Western science. Such recognition paves the way for more equitable, contextually relevant, and sustainable health strategies that can better address the complexities of current and future pandemics.
Validity and Reliability of an Arabic Version of the Survey Instrument for Natural History, Aetiology and Prevalence of Patellofemoral Pain Studies: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Darabseh Mohammad Z. , Aburub Aseel , Altaim Thamer A. , Al Abbad Badrieh , Bashaireh Khaldoon
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives: Knee pain, specifically patellofemoral pain (PFP), may lead to limitations in physical activity and social participation. Identifying knee pain that is attributed to PFP is not an easy job for healthcare professionals. To overcome this issue, The Survey Instrument for Natural History, Aetiology and Prevalence of Patellofemoral Pain (SNAPPS), which is a self-reporting questionnaire instrument, was designed to identify PFP in many languages. However, the Arabic version of the SNAPPS is not validated yet. This study was performed to assess the validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the SNAPPS (A-SNAPPS). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to achieve the study goals. To assess reliability, 38 participants were asked to complete the A-SNAPPS two times on the same day with a 30 min break in between. Convergent validity of the A-SNAPPS was assessed by exploring the correlations of the SNAPPS total score with the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, including VAS for usual pain, VAS for worst pain, and VAS for pain during activities such as jumping, running, ascending and descending stairs, and squatting. Results: The validity test findings suggested that SNAPPS has a strong correlation with the VAS during ascending and descending stairs (r = 0.71) and moderate correlations during jumping (r = 0.54) and squatting (r = 0.57). The test–retest reliability ICC was 0.92, indicating a very strong test–retest reliability of the A-SNAPPS. Conclusions: The A-SNAPPS was cross-culturally adapted and validated, demonstrating very strong reliability.
Could Nature Contribute to the Management of ADHD in Children? A Systematic Review
Authors: Hood Maddison , Baumann Oliver
Published: June 2024

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that is typically managed with pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. In the general population, exposure to nature has been found to have robust beneficial effects on cognitive performance, including attention. With inattention being a factor of the symptomatology of individuals with ADHD, this provides a rationale to investigate the potential benefits of exposure to nature for this population. Four electronic databases (PubMED, PsycINFO, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched for empirical studies investigating the effects of nature on ADHD prevalence and/or symptom severity in populations of school-aged children. Key characteristics, methodologies, and outcomes of included studies were extracted and evaluated. Out of the 458 studies identified, 7 met the inclusion criteria. Despite the large heterogeneity in methodological approaches, the included articles consistently reported that exposure to nature is associated with reduced ADHD diagnoses and symptom severity. Furthermore, when several covariates, such as age, gender, annual household income, parental income, and education level, as well as several pre-natal factors, were controlled for, the relationship between nature and ADHD remained significant. The reviewed literature provides strong support for the benefits of exposure to nature on ADHD in school-aged children.
Enhancing Emotion Regulation Skills in High-Risk Adolescents Due to the Existence of Psychopathology in the Family: Feasibility and Uncontrolled Pilot Study of a Group Intervention in a Naturalistic School Setting
Authors: Theodorou Christiana , Karekla Maria , Panayiotou Georgia
Published: June 2024

Background: Emotion regulation skills form part of many interventions for youth with internalizing and externalizing difficulties. This pilot study examines a prevention program delivered at school to improve adolescents’ emotion regulation skills, focusing on those at risk for mental health problems. Methods: Adolescents 12–18 years old were referred to a six-session group program by their school counselors, based on inclusion criteria related to family sociodemographic and mental health characteristics. Group sessions took place during school hours to facilitate participation and reduce dropout. The intervention targeted emotion regulation skills, drawing from central components of different cognitive behavioral approaches. To assess clinical outcomes, participants answered questionnaires before and after the program, which covered emotion regulation strategies, addictive behaviors, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The acceptability of the program was also assessed. Results: Emotion regulation skills improved after the program, and there was a significant reduction in internalizing and externalizing problems. The program was evaluated as useful by participants. Counsellors reported satisfaction with the program. Conclusions: Targeted emotion regulation skills training is a potentially useful transdiagnostic intervention to prevent mental health problems in youth. Bringing the intervention to the school setting and involving counsellors in referring at-risk students can facilitate uptake and reduce dropout.
Autophagy Promotes Enrichment of Raft Components within Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Human 2FTGH Cells
Authors: Manganelli Valeria , Dini Luciana , Tacconi Stefano , Dinarelli Simone , Capozzi Antonella , Riitano Gloria , Recalchi Serena , Caglar Tuba Rana , Fratini Federica , Misasi Roberta , Sorice Maurizio , Garofalo Tina
Published: June 2024

Autophagy plays a key role in removing protein aggregates and damaged organelles. In addition to its conventional degradative functions, autophagy machinery contributes to the release of cytosolic proteins through an unconventional secretion pathway. In this research, we analyzed autophagy-induced extracellular vesicles (EVs) in HT1080-derived human fibrosarcoma 2FTGH cells using transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We preliminary observed that autophagy induces the formation of a subset of large heterogeneous intracellular vesicular structures. Moreover, AFM showed that autophagy triggering led to a more visible smooth cell surface with a reduced amount of plasma membrane protrusions. Next, we characterized EVs secreted by cells following autophagy induction, demonstrating that cells release both plasma membrane-derived microvesicles and exosomes. A self-forming iodixanol gradient was performed for cell subfractionation. Western blot analysis showed that endogenous LC3-II co-fractionated with CD63 and CD81. Then, we analyzed whether raft components are enriched within EV cargoes following autophagy triggering. We observed that the raft marker GD3 and ER marker ERLIN1 co-fractionated with LC3-II; dual staining by immunogold electron microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation revealed GD3-LC3-II association, indicating that autophagy promotes enrichment of raft components within EVs. Introducing a new brick in the crosstalk between autophagy and the endolysosomal system may have important implications for the knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms, suggesting alternative raft target therapies in diseases in which the generation of EV is active.
A Phyto-mycotherapeutic Supplement, Namely Ganostile, as Effective Adjuvant in Brain Cancer Management: An In Vitro Study Using U251 Human Glioblastoma Cell Line
Authors: Gaiaschi Ludovica , De Luca Fabrizio , Roda Elisa , Ferrari Beatrice , Casali Claudio , Inguscio Chiara Rita , Gola Federica , Pelloni Enrico , Savino Elena , Ravera Mauro , Rossi Paola , Bottone Maria Grazia
Published: June 2024

The current standard oncotherapy for glioblastoma is limited by several adverse side effects, leading to a short-term patient survival rate paralleled by a worsening quality of life (QoL). Recently, Complementary and Integrative Medicine’s (CIM) innovative approaches have shown positive impacts in terms of better response to treatment, side effect reduction, and QoL improvement. In particular, promising potential in cancer therapy has been found in compounds coming from phyto- and mycotherapy. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the beneficial effects of a new phyto-mycotherapy supplement, named Ganostile, in the human glioblastoma cell line U251, in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, i.e., Cisplatin and a new platinum-based prodrug. Choosing a supplement dosage that mimicked oral supplementation in humans (about 1 g/day), through in vitro assays, microscopy, and cytometric analysis, it has emerged that the cells, after 48hr continuous exposure to Ganostile in combination with the chemical compounds, showed a higher mortality and a lower proliferation rate than the samples subjected to the different treatments administered individually. In conclusion, our data support the use of Ganostile in integrative oncology protocols as a promising adjuvant able to amplify conventional and new drug effects and also reducing resistance mechanisms often observed in brain tumors.
The Role of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Immune Response to Pathogens, and Therapeutic Opportunities
Authors: Peregrino Eliud S. , Castañeda-Casimiro Jessica , Vázquez-Flores Luis , Estrada-Parra Sergio , Wong-Baeza Carlos , Serafín-López Jeanet , Wong-Baeza Isabel
Published: June 2024

Pathogenic bacteria have several mechanisms to evade the host’s immune response and achieve an efficient infection. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a relevant cellular communication mechanism, since they can interact with other bacterial cells and with host cells. In this review, we focus on the EVs produced by some World Health Organization (WHO) priority Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria; by spore-producing bacteria; by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (a bacteria with a complex cell wall); and by Treponema pallidum (a bacteria without lipopolysaccharide). We describe the classification and the general properties of bacterial EVs, their role during bacterial infections and their effects on the host immune response. Bacterial EVs contain pathogen-associated molecular patterns that activate innate immune receptors, which leads to cytokine production and inflammation, but they also contain antigens that induce the activation of B and T cell responses. Understanding the many effects of bacterial EVs on the host’s immune response can yield new insights on the pathogenesis of clinically important infections, but it can also lead to the development of EV-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In addition, since EVs are efficient activators of both the innate and the adaptive immune responses, they constitute a promising platform for vaccine development.