bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Seagrass Ecotourism as an Indicator of Conservation in the Coastal Waters of East Lombok
Authors: Syukur Abdul , Al Idrus Agil , Zulkifli Lalu , Mahrus Mahrus
Published: July 2023

The East Lombok coast was developed for fisheries and tourism. The fishery aspect that is being developed is marine cultivation and has contributed as a source of livelihood for local communities and from the social aspect, it functions to maintain the safety and comfort of the environment. Besides, from an ecological aspect, it has benefits in preventing damage to marine ecosystems due to the use of tools and materials that are not environmentally friendly. The utilization model of the marine environment is still traditional which is oriented only to goods and not to environmental services. On the other hand, the development of nature tourism is becoming superior in the southern coastal area of Lombok Island. It spreads the seagrass ecosystem in the coastal area of Lombok across all tourist sites. However, the utilization is only from products such as fish and marine biota which have economic value. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the utilization of the ecosystem services aspect of the field as a natural tourist attraction with the concept of ecotourism. The concept of ecotourism is a utilization model that does not interfere with natural systems or ecological systems. The uniqueness of the seagrass ecosystem with other ecosystems is its relationship with the local community tradition called "Madak". Therefore, conceptual formulations and innovations are needed in integrating the cultural values of local communities in the development of seagrass ecotourism on the southern coast of Lombok Island. The purpose of this research is to describe the ecotourism potential of seagrass beds in the study location. The results showed that the ecotourism potential of seagrass beds in the study locations included seagrass internal as seagrass beds and the diversity of seagrass species, especially from inhalers acroides and Caemodecea. Another potential is the seagrass environment for the diversity of Echinodermata and Bivalvia species which can be a tourist object favored by many tourists. Besides, the seagrass environment provides a snorkeling tourism object at high tide to enjoy the diversity of fish species and other marine organisms that use eagrass as a place to find food. The conclusion from the research is that seagrass beds in the study location are a new tourism object for tourists who come to visit the southern coastal areas of East Lombok
Analysis of Exposure to an Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) 700 μT and 1000 μT Magnetic Fields in Tuna Meat (Euthynnus Affinis C)
Authors: Sudarti Sudarti , Laksmiari Karina , Permatasari Elok , Ningtyas Farida Wahyu
Published: July 2023

The resistance of tuna meat in a room temperature classed quietly short as it takes approximately 6 hours has encountered a process of decay. Consequently, the technology is needed to increase its durability. This study aims to analyze the exposure to Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) 700 μT and 1000 μT magnetic fields in tuna meat (Euthynnus Affinis C). The sample was 3300 grams of fresh tuna meat, which had been stored in the refrigerator for 4 hours as it was divided into 66 plastic wrappers (50grams), then grouped into three groups. They were the control group (K), the ELF magnetic fields intensity 700 μT (E700) group, and the ELF magnetic fields ELF intensity 1000 μT (E1000) group with variations in an exposure time of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes. Measurement of pH and assessment of physical condition was carried out on the 5th, 10th, and 15th hours after being exposed to the ELF magnetic fields. The results highlighted the pH value in all groups exposed to the ELF magnetic fields was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the control group. Meanwhile, the physical condition of tuna exposed to the ELF magnetic fields appeared to be better than the control until the 15th hour of storage. Conclusion: Exposure to an ELF magnetic field with an intensity of 1000 µT for 15 minutes has the potential to increase the physical resistance of tuna until the 15th hour after being exposed to an ELF magnetic field
Review of emissions data and modelling systems (Phase 1) Report
Authors:   Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, Fyfe Caroline , Taptiklis Phoebe , White Dominic , Winchester Niven
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this report is to review greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change mi􀆟ga􀆟on data and models. Building an evidence base to monitor and assess the impacts of ini􀆟a􀆟ves is explicitly men􀆟oned in Aotearoa New Zealand’s First Emissions Reduc􀆟on Plan (05/2022). Economic-Environmental modelling plays an important role in decision making to achieve emission reduc􀆟on targets. Data is hosted by a range of organisa􀆟ons and collected using different frameworks and methodologies. There is less awareness of data available through Stats NZ which may have led to it being underused. Main collated data sources are the GHG emissions account and the GHG emissions inventory. Sector specific data are available through relevant agencies. A detailed stock-take of New Zealand’s modelling capacity iden􀆟fied 84 climate change or climate change mi􀆟ga􀆟on models: 13 mul􀆟-sector models, 23 land use and agricultural models, 25 energy models, and 23 transport models. The stock-take iden􀆟fied at least one model for each sector of the ERP, except for Building and Construc􀆟on. Modelling capacity varies between sectors with those that are more developed, demonstra􀆟ng greater interdependency between models. Almost all modelling takes a produc􀆟on-based approach. Capacity for a consump􀆟on-based approach was much more limited. Two examples of formal collabora􀆟on are iden􀆟fied through the review. No formal interna􀆟onal collabora􀆟on (outside of interna􀆟onal repor􀆟ng requirements) was iden􀆟fied. A preference was expressed for modelling in-house to facilitate alignment with policy development. However, this may have contributed to lack of collabora􀆟on on progress towards common targets. Connec􀆟ons with groups outside of government are also limited.
O IMPACTO NA SAÚDE MENTAL DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM NA ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DIANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Paiva Jocilene da Silva
Published: July 2023

Sabe-se que os primeiros casos da COVID-19 surgiram no final do ano de 2019, entretanto, erroneamente diagnosticados com um tipo de pneumonia grave de origem desconhecida. A partir daí, foram tomadas medidas para amenizar a grande infecção viral aguda de alto teor de contaminação altamente transmissível (ORGANIZAÇÃO PAN-AMEDICANA DA SAÚDE - OPAS, 2020).
Um escritor capaz de tudo
Authors: Sousa Sérgio Guimarães de
Published: July 2023

Tendo por base principal “História de um brilhante”, título de um dos capítulos de Vinte Horas de Liteira, de Camilo Castelo Branco, procuraremos examinar a sua propensão para escapar às convenções de género da narrativa sentimental, propiciando com isso uma semântica do imprevisto.
A importância da gestão de resíduos sólidos: estratégias para minimizar impactos ambientais:uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Valente Thiago Bentes
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo visa apresentar a importância da gestão de resíduos sólidos e as estratégias utilizadas para minimizar os impactos ambientais decorrente do descarte inadequado.
DESFECHOS REPORTADOS PELOS PACIENTES:A IMPORTÂNCIA DA AVALIAÇÃO DOS SINTOMAS E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM PACIENTESCOM FIBRILAÇÃO ATRIAL
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Moreno Sperling Cannavan Priscila ,   Ritmocordis – Clínica de Arritmia e Marcapasso de Campinas, Piza de Souza Cannavan Fernando ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas,   Ritmocordis – Clínica de Arritmia e Marcapasso de Campinas
Published: July 2023

A fibrilação atrial (FA) é a arritmia sustentada de maior prevalência no mundo e muitas são as manifestações clínicas que o paciente pode apresentar, desde palpitação, cansaço e dispneia, a sintomas menos específicos como depressão, que podem afetar negativamente a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS). Esta pesquisa é uma revisão narrativa feita por meio de levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos nas bases de dados Medline, Scopus e Lilacs, que objetivou apresentar a importância da avaliação dos desfe-chos reportados pelos pacientes com FA, como os sintomas e a QVRS, e os instrumentos disponíveis para avaliação na prática clínica. A avaliação da quantidade de sintomas e do seu impacto na QVRS é essencial, pois um dos objetivos do tratamento da FA está relacio-nado à redução dos sintomas e à melhora da QVRS. No Brasil, existem três questionários validados para avaliação de pacientes com FA: dois avaliam QVRS e um avalia tanto QVRS quanto sintomas. A avaliação dos desfechos reportados pelos pacientes com FA através de instrumentos validados pode proporcionar informações que contribuirão para a tomada de decisão clínica e o melhor tratamento a ser ofertado ao paciente.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA, BURNOUT E ESPIRITUALIDADE
Authors:   Departamento de Psicologia. Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo., Garcia Pacheco Avezum Suzana , Figueiredo Teixeira Maria Emília ,   Universidade Federal de Goiás. Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Menezes Couceiro Sergio Livio ,   Hospital Santa Izabel Cabo Frio., Meneses Precil ,   Centro Internacional de Pesquisa. Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Avezum Álvaro ,   Departamento de Psicologia. Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo.
Published: July 2023

Os estudos INTERHEART e INTERSTROKE identificaram que cerca de 90% dos infartos agudos do miocárdio ou acidentes vasculares cerebrais estão associados a nove principais fatores de risco: tabagismo, diabetes mellitus, hipertensão arterial, obesidade visceral, dieta inadequada (ausência de consumo de frutas e vegetais), sedentarismo, consumo elevado de álcool, relação apolipoproteína B/A1 elevada e transtornos de ansiedade e depressão. Os transtornos de ansiedade e depressão podem ser desencadeados por situações de estresse social, como na síndrome de burnout. Evidências mostram que as mulheres são mais propensas a desenvolverem burnout e tal questão pode estar associada a disparidades no campo profissional, além da carga extra de obrigação domiciliar. Neste artigo, abordamos o impacto do burnout em mulheres e as modalidades terapêuticas que podem ajudar a prevenir ou tratar tal condição, preservando a qualidade de vida da mulher.
Book review: Modern Russian for the modern school: a guide for learning and teaching / Zh. V. Gracheva, E. V. Sidorova. Voronezh: VSU Publishing house, 2022. 451 p.
Authors: Merkulova I. A.
Published: July 2023

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Economias alternativas, ultraliberalismo e pandemia: Mulheres na agroecologia no Brasil
Authors:   Programa de Graduação em Ciências Sociais em Desenvolvimento, Agricultura e Sociedade, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais. Av. Presidente Vargas, 417 — Centro, CEP 20071-003, Rio de Janeiro — RJ, Brasil, Lobo Natália Santos , Telles Liliam ,   Programa de Pós-Graduação em Extensão Rural, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP 36576-230, Brasil, Hillenkamp Isabelle ,   Instituto de Pesquisa para o Desenvolvimento, Centro de Estudos em Ciências Sociais sobre os Mundos Africanos, Américanos e Asiáticos (IRD-CESSMA). CEP 75205, França
Published: July 2023

A orientação ultraliberal e autoritária dos governos brasileiros desde 2016 implicaram o desmonte das políticas públicas de apoio às economias alternativas e colocaram suas e seus sujeitos num cenário de crise, aprofundado com a pandemia de COVID-19. Este artigo visa contribuir, desde uma perspectiva feminista, para a reflexão sobre o significado desse momento na trajetória da agroecologia, como parte das economias alternativas no Brasil. Baseia-se numa pesquisa com organizações de agricultoras agroecológicas conduzida em 2020 em duas regiões do país, por meio de entrevistas realizadas presencial e virtualmente. Propõe um marco conceitual das economias alternativas, articulando democracia, espaços públicos, solidariedade, pluralidade econômica e gênero. Evidencia os efeitos conflitantes do protagonismo feminino na agroecologia, entre construção de mercados solidários, aumento da produção e ganho de autonomia, por um lado, e reprodução da divisão sexual do trabalho e sobrecarga de trabalho, por outro.
Impacts on water transport networks after three widespread volcanic ashfalls in Andean Patagonian lakes
Authors: Salgado Pablo , Villarosa Gustavo , Beigt Débora , Outes Valeria , Stewart Carol , Baranzini Fernando
Published: July 2023

Although the impacts of volcanic ashfall on air transport and land transport networks are well documented, little information exists about volcanic ash effects on water transport. Three recent widespread ashfall events severely affected the extensive shipping activity that takes place in the many lakes of Andean Patagonia, Argentina. By means of impact assessment fieldtrips, meetings, semi-structured interviews, and expert consultation, we surveyed and categorized impacts of volcanic ash on ships, ports and shipping activities, also assessing most effective mitigation strategies undertaken, including clean-up actions. To better catalogue type and severity of impacts, we expand on available damage scales developed for critical infrastructure, to include more specific details about water transport systems. Our contribution ultimately aims to communicate to emergency managers, and the volcanological and nautical communities, the most likely outcomes from explosive volcanic eruptions on shipping, along with best-practice advice for mitigating adverse effects.
Metro Girl: The Alliance of Art and Architecture in the Visual Aesthetics of the Modern Georgian City of the 1960s
Authors: Manning Paul
Published: July 2023

This article explores the way a new specifically Georgian post-Stalinist art form (cheduroba, metal engraving) that emerged in the 1960s became a commonly encountered emblematic feature of the equally new urban spaces of the rapidly changing modernist Tbilisi cityscape. This new, and yet seemingly old, art form, which frequently featured the face of a traditional Georgian girl, usually a Khevsur girl from the mountains, came to be a diagnostic part of the modern urban assemblage of Tbilisi in the 1960s. This traditional face from the Georgian past became a paradoxical figure for the alliance of art and architecture in the visual aesthetics of the modern Georgian city in the 1960s, and the art form became the stereotypical “face” of a specifically Georgian post-Stalinist “traditional-modernist” public urban art. This art form soon became diagnostic of modern Georgian urban spaces, like the Tbilisi metro, which also opened around the same time in the 1960s. The recurrent distribution of this face across newly-created modernist urban spaces together formed a Georgian version of “socialist modernism,” producing a visually-experienced “brand of socialism” for urban spaces, a procession of images traditional or national (in style or theme) in socialist modernist spaces connecting the traditional architecture of the city to the modernist architectural spaces of the new socialist city of the 1960s.
Grounding computational cognitive models
Authors: Ludwig Casimir Johannes Hendrikus , Stuchlý Erik , Malhotra Gaurav
Published: July 2023

Cognitive scientists and neuroscientists are increasingly deploying computational models to develop testable theories of psychological functions and make quantitative predictions about cognition, brain activity and behaviour. Computational models are used to explain target phenomena such as experimental effects, individual and/or population differences. They do so by relating these phenomena to the underlying components of the model that map onto distinct cognitive mechanisms. These components make up a ``cognitive state space'', where different positions correspond to different cognitive states that produce variation in behaviour. We examine the rationale and practice of such model-based inferences and argue that model-based explanations typically miss a key ingredient: they fail to explain why and how agents occupy specific positions in this space. A critical insight is that the agent's position in the state space is not fixed, but that the behaviour they produce is the result of a trajectory. Therefore, we discuss (i) the constraints that limit movement in the state space, (ii) the reasons for moving around at all (i.e. agents' objectives); and (iii) the information and cognitive mechanisms that guide these movements. We review existing research practices, from experimental design to the model-based analysis of data, and through simulations we demonstrate some of the inferential pitfalls that arise when we ignore these dynamics. By bringing the agent's perspective into sharp focus, we stand to gain better and more complete explanations of the variation in cognition and behaviour over time, between different environmental conditions, and between different populations or individuals.
UVOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF TABLE GRAPEVINE VARIETIES IN THE COLLECTION IN 2022
Authors:   All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center», Novocherkassk, Russia,, Naumova L.G. , Ganich V.A. ,   All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center», Novocherkassk, Russia,
Published: July 2023

The paper presents the results of a study of the uvological indicators of table grapevine varieties growing on Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk, Rostov region) in 2022. The varieties were studied in grafted culture (rootstock Kober 5BB). Planting scheme was 3.0×1.5 m. The study of grapevine varieties was carried out using methods generally accepted in viticulture and State Standards. The object of the research was 20 table and seedless grapevine varieties of various origin and maturation dates. Very high sugar content of berry juice had the varieties: Einset Seedless (25.4 g/100 cm3) and Nizina (23.5 g/100 cm3). Titrated acidity ranged from 3 g/dm3 (Esenin) to 7.6 g/dm3 (Bogotyanovskij). After taking measurements of bunches and berries, we note that the largest bunches had the varieties: Valentina, Kishmish Uzbekistan, Aku-Aku, Dolchatyj, Roshfor, Vostorg (length from 20.8 to 26.9 cm); the largest berries (in diameter) – Valentina, Bogotyanovskij, Talisman (from 25.3 to 29.5 mm). The highest average berry weight had the varieties ‒ Valentina (11 g), Bogotyanovskij (9.6 g), Talisman (8.9 g), Kardinal Ustojchivyj (8.1 g), Nizina (8.0 g). The following varieties received high degustation ratings: Kardinal Ustojchivyj (8.6 points), Roshfor (8.5 points), Aku-Aku (8.4 points), Talisman (8.1 points), control varieties – Dolchatyj (8.2 points). The lowest tasting rating among table varieties (at the level of 7.0‒7.5 points) had native varieties – Buryj and Efremovskij. Among seedless varieties, the following varieties received high tasting ratings: Kishmish Uzbekistan (8.8 points) and Einset Seedless (8.7 points), which is higher than the control variety Korinka Russkaya (8.3 points). According to the data of the conducted studies, table varieties were identified according to a set of morphological indicators ‒ Kardinal Ustojchivyj, Roshfor, Aku-Aku, Bogotyanovskij, Talisman, Valentina; among the seedless varieties are Kishmish Uzbekistan and Einset Seedless.
WHITE TECHNICAL GRAPEVINE FORMS WITH MUSCATE AROMA FOR WINE PRODUCTION
Authors:   All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center», Novocherkassk, Russia, Matveeva N.V. , Bahmetova M.V. ,   All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center», Novocherkassk, Russia
Published: July 2023

The results of the technological evaluation of white technical forms and grapevine varieties, bred by ARRIV&W – branch FSBSI FRARC are presented: 11-17-4-7, 11-17-5-1, 11-18-5-8, 11-17-3-5, 11-17-1-2, 11-17-4-12, 11-17-4- pk, from which samples of natural dry white wines were made according to classical technology. Muscat Aksaiskiy was control variety, which is included in the State Register of Varieties Approved for Use in the Russian Federation. The research was carried out in the laboratory of ampelography and technological evaluation of grapevine varieties in the conditions of micro-winemaking. The weight of each batch of grapes was 5−20 kg. The main physico–chemical indicators of grapes, as well as the glucoacidometric indicator and the technical maturity indicator were determined. Chemical parameters were determined in the prepared wine samples, an organoleptic assessment was carried out. Based on the results of three years of testing, conclusions were drawn about the expediency of further study of forms 11-17-1-2, 11-17-4-12, 11-17-4pc, samples of wines from which were distinguished by a bright muscate aroma, harmonious taste (tasting score 8.55−8.7 points).
PROBLEMS AND PREVALENCE OF GRAPEVINE LEAFROLL ASSOCIATED VIRUS
Authors:   FSBSI North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking, Krasnodar, Russia, Kotlyar V.K. , Seget O.L. ,   FSBSI North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking, Krasnodar, Russia, Ilnitskaya E.T. ,   FSBSI North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking, Krasnodar, Russia
Published: July 2023

The grapevine leafroll-associated virus is currently one of the most dangerous phytopathological diseases of grapevine culture, it is listed to the list of quarantine diseases of the EU and Russia. The article deals with the problems of the spread of the grapevine leafroll-associated virus in Russia and in the world, its biodiversity in different countries and ways of control are considered. Statistics on the damage caused by this phytopathological disease to medium and large wineries are given. Special attention is paid to the importance of early identification of the grapevine leafroll-associated virus in order to prevent its further spread and to the most important link in RT-PCR, the isolation of the virus RNA from plant material.
A Canadian Perspective on Indigenous Peoples and Accounting Research: Using a Systematic Literature Review to Promote Inquiry and Inclusion
Authors: Lento Camillo , Butt Irfan , Bujaki Merridee , Anderson Nathaniel , Ogima Cheryl
Published: July 2023

This study uses a systematic literature review to explore academic research at the intersection of accounting and Indigenous peoples, focusing on the Canadian context. We systematically identified 15 English-language, peer-reviewed articles published in the review period of 1979–2019. We conducted detailed content and thematic analysis of the articles. Overall, we noted that research in this area is based upon archival documents or reviews of prior literature rather than qualitative or survey research methods. We found that much of the research has been driven by a small network of scholars, focusing primarily on themes of governmentality, imperialism, and accountability and control. In addition, research on Indigenous peoples and accounting in Canada has slowed over the past decade, which is inconsistent with global trends. Based on the systematic literature review, we offer specific, actionable recommendations to support inquiry and inclusion in the area of accounting and Indigenous peoples to move both research and society forward toward reconciliation. Our detailed recommendations aim to advance our understanding of the relationship between accounting and Indigenous peoples, foster an understanding of accountability issues relevant to Indigenous peoples in the Canadian accounting context, enhance support for Indigenous peoples studying business and accounting, and encourage Indigenous peoples to consider careers in accounting.
Ergonomics in apiculture: A case study based on inspecting movable frame hives for healthy bee activities
Authors: Fels Deborah , Blackler Alethea , Cook Daniel , Foth Marcus
Published: July 2023

The agricultural sector suffers from high risk of injury and damage to human health. There is considerable research not only identifying these risks but also finding ways to mitigate them. Beekeeping or apiculture, recognised as part of this sector, has many risk factors such as heavy lifting, high degree of manual materials handling, twisting, and awkward positioning common to all agriculture areas. It also has some unique risks such as those resulting from bee stings and smokers. However, there is much less attention focused on the health and safety of apiculture to the human beekeepers, and much more attention focused on bee health and safety. An ergonomics case study on beekeeping inspection tasks involving three independent, local beekeepers showed that many tasks involve awkward positions of the body, arms and hands, excessive lifting well beyond recommended weight limits, eye strain, and chemical and sting exposure. In addition, beekeepers are more interested in bee and hive health rather than reducing human-centred risk factors such as those due to excessive lifting. Standard ergonomics interventions such as a magnifier inspection and lift assist systems as well as interventions unique to beekeeping such as a smokeless method of calming bees are recommended. The beekeeping industry seems to have been forgotten in the modernisation of technology and agricultural practices. This paper offers some initial insights into possible points for research, development and improvements. 
Portraits of people with dementia: three case studies of creating portraits
Authors: Webster Gemma , Fels Deborah
Published: July 2023

Communication difficulties associated with late-stage dementia can make it difficult for care staff in residential environments to get to know people with dementia. This lack of knowledge can have a negative effect on the social environment of residential facilities which can have a detrimental effect on the health and well-being of the residents and the job satisfaction of the staff. In this paper we discuss the creation of Portraits of people with dementia to aid care staff in understanding the individual. The major findings of these case studies include that it is possible for families to create Portraits of their relatives within a relatively short period of time, families found the process enjoyable and a good trigger for reminiscence.
Ozone pretreatment of humid wheat straw for biofuel production
Authors: Al jibouri Ali Kamel H. , Turcotte Ginette , Wu Jiangning , Cheng Chil-Hung
Published: July 2023

In an attempt to maximize the amount of ozone reacting with lignin inside humid wheat straw, some of the ozone-reactive lignin degradation products were washed away before a second ozonolysis delignification stage. The total contact time for the two stages was kept the same as that for a one-stage process for comparison. A significant decrease in the Acid Insoluble Lignin (AIL) content of the straw resulted: from 13.04 wt. % (after a 30-min one-stage ozonolysis) to 9.34 wt. % (after a 30-min two-stage ozonolysis, separated by a washing step). This significant improvement was accompanied by an increase in released fermentable sugars from an enzymatic hydrolysis. The yield increased from 60% theoretical sugars to 80%. A further improvement in AIL (down to 7.36 wt. %) and released sugars (up to 90% theoretical) occurred when the moisture content (MC) of the straw entering the second stage was adjusted to the optimum value of the straw entering first stage (45 wt. %, predicted from an experimental design). The authors believe this is the first time results are published for the introduction of a two-stage process separated by a washing step.

 
Towards the Development of a Multilingual Environment: A Case of a South African University
Authors: Mbirimi-Hungwe Vimbai
Published: July 2023

This paper presents an observational study conducted at one of the South African Universities, which is undergoing a transformation aimed at acknowledging and incorporating indigenous languages. While the positive response to the Language Policy of Higher Education (LPHE) is laudable, certain aspects of this transformation still fail to recognize the importance of indigenous languages as sources of knowledge. The primary objective of this paper is to shed light on scenarios where multilingualism, specifically through translanguaging, is acknowledged and utilized to enhance students' comprehension of academic materials, particularly for non-speakers of Setswana who are learning the language for communicative purposes. The findings of a focus group discussion revealed that multilingual students possess valuable funds of knowledge that deserve recognition in teaching and learning contexts. Consequently, this paper emphasizes the necessity of recognizing and utilizing multilingualism not only for communicative purposes but also for academic purposes. It advocates for the adoption of a translanguaging approach in teaching and acknowledges students' language practices as a means to provide access to social justice for multilingual students. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of recognizing the role of multilingualism in academia and highlights the need to move beyond a solely communicative focus. By incorporating translanguaging practices and acknowledging students' diverse linguistic backgrounds, educational institutions can promote equitable access to education and foster social justice for multilingual learners.
Total Wrist Replacement: State of the Art, Challenges and Pitfalls: A Comparative Review
Authors: Schmidt Ingo
Published: July 2023

Background Total wrist replacement (TWR) as motion-preserving procedure continues to be critically discussed in the literature, although the complication rates have been significantly reduced with the current 3rd generation designs compared with older types. Possible reasons for this are often also a lack of knowledge about the currently available evidence, the complication management, and the lack of practical experience by the surgeons. Methods Based on an extended review of literature and own experience, the aim of this article is to give practicable insights for the clinician on: (1) biomechanical fundamentals, (2) differences in design, survivorship and functional outcome between the recent types, (3) possible pitfalls, and (4) failures and salvage options. Results The goal of TWR is that the overall wrist motion is maintained respectively improved despite it works with a locked midcarpal joint. Regarding survivorship and functional outcome the Maestro is (was) being superior over all other types that is (was) based on features in design. There is no scientific evidence as to why the Maestro was withdrawn from the marketplace by the company. For assessment of instability and/or impingement the use of dynamic radiographs is recommended. The problem of TWR is unchanged failure of the carpal components primarily based on mechanical dysbalance, and secondarily followed by metal and/or polyethylene wear, but surgical revision of asyptomatic periprosthetic osteolysis without safe radiagraphic signs of loosening is only required in not more than 20% of cases. For a failed TWR, revision TWR or conversion to total wrist arthrodesis are viable salvage options. Conclusions The knowledge about recent evidence and features in design of the available types, exact assessment of radiographic findings, presence of technical skills by the surgeons, and observance of the patient's expectations are the basic requirements for a successful TWR.
Class A Prediction Symposium on Debris Flow Impact Forces on Single and Dual Barriers
Authors: Ng Charles W W , CHOI Clarence E , LILU Haiming , Poudyal Sunil , Bhatta Aastha , De Silva W A Roanga K , Cheung Raymond W M
Published: July 2023

Over recent years, significant advances have been made in the modelling of the impact dynamics between debris flows and single and dual rigid and flexible barriers. Numerical tools and analytical formulations have been proposed to predict the impact force, runup height, barrier deformation, and overflow and landing dynamics. However, there remains a dearth of well-recognised tools that can be used in routine engineering design practice because their reliability is unclear. On 8 and 9 May 2022, a virtual Class A Prediction Symposium on Debris Flow Impact Forces on Single and Dual Barriers was held to evaluate the reliability of existing design tools and identify areas for improvement to advance the current state of barrier design. The symposium was organised by The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Geotechnical Engineering Office of the Civil Engineering and Development Department of the HKSAR Government. This paper summarises the existing research on flow-barrier interaction, and details of the symposium, including the prediction cases and results, roundtable discussion, and future research directions.
Communicating compassion in organizations: a conceptual review
Authors: McAllum Kirstie , Fox Stephanie , Ford Jessica L. , Roeder Arden C.
Published: July 2023

This article explores the theoretical terrain surrounding compassion in organizational settings to clarify how conceptually (dis)similar concepts like social support, team care, and organizational compassion manifest different agentic perspectives on compassion. Toward this end, we articulate a working definition of compassion and suggest that a communicative frame focused on intersubjective sense-making and interpretation can deepen our understanding of who is responsible for care and compassion within organizations. Existing research on this subject considers who or what provides compassion—individuals, teams, policies—and how compassion can assuage suffering and promote individual and organizational flourishing. Extending this work, we document core dimensions of each form of compassion for greater conceptual clarity and precision, proposing a metaphor for each. Finally, we reflect on the implications of each type of compassion for resilience and the ways current notions of compassion typify the rationality/emotionality duality and gendered nature of emotion work in organizations.
Exploration of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related lncRNA signature and drug sensitivity in breast cancer
Authors: Li Chengxin , Zheng Lewei , Xu Gaoran , Yuan Qianqian , Di Ziyang , Yang Yalong , Dong Xingxing , Hou Jinxuan , Wu Gaosong
Published: July 2023

Background

Breast cancer (BRCA) has become the most diagnosed cancer worldwide for female and seriously endanger female health. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process is associated with metastasis and drug resistance in BRCA patients. However, the prognostic value of EMT-related lncRNA in BRCA still needs to be revealed. The aim of this study is to construct an EMT-related lncRNA (ERL) signature with accuracy predictive ability for the prognosis of BRCA patients.

Methods

RNA-seq expression data and Clinical characteristics obtained from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) were used in the study. First, we identified the EMT-related lncRNA by the Pearson correlation analysis. An EMT-related lncRNAs prognostic risk signature was constructed using univariate Cox regression and Lasso-penalized Cox regression analyses. The model’s performance was validated using Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, ROC curve and C-index. Finally, a nomogram was constructed for clinical practice in evaluating the patients with BRCA and validated by calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA). We also evaluated the drug sensitivity of signature lncRNA and the tumor immune cell infiltration in breast cancer.

Results

We constructed a 10-lncRNA risk score signature based on the lncRNAs associated with the EMT process. We could assign BRCA patients to the high- and low-risk group according to the median risk score. The prognostic risk signature showed excellent accuracy and demonstrated sufficient independence from other clinical characteristics. The immune cell infiltration analysis showed that the prognostic risk signature was related to the infiltration of the immune cell subtype. Drug sensitivity analysis proved ERLs signature could effectively predict the sensitivity of patients to common chemotherapy drugs in BRCA and provide guidance for chemotherapy drugs for high-risk and low-risk patients.

Conclusion

Our ERL signature and nomogram have excellent prognostic value and could become reliable tools for clinical guidance.
An optimized cultivation method for future in vivo application of γδ T cells
Authors: Bold Anna , Gross Heike , Holzmann Elisabeth , Knop Stefan , Hoeres Timm , Wilhelm Martin
Published: July 2023

γδ T cells, with their properties of both the innate and acquired immune systems, are suitable candidates for cellular immunotherapy in cancer. Because of their non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding T cell receptor, allogenic transfer is feasible without relevant graft versus host reactions. In recent years, much experience has been gained with ex vivo expansion and stimulation of γδ T cells using bisphosphonates and Interleukin 2. Unfortunately, many current stimulation protocols are based on the use of xenogenic materials and other potentially hazardous supplements, which conflicts with basic principles of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). Adherence to the concept and current guidelines of GMP is state of the art for production of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMP) like cell therapeutics and a necessity for clinical use under a regulatory perspective. In this study, we developed a new stimulation protocol that induces a marked increase of γδ T cell counts and allows for an easier transition from research to clinical applications with minimized regulatory workload. It reliably leads to a cell product with a purity of more than 90% γδ T cells and improved in vitro anti-tumor activity compared to our previous standard procedure. Furthermore, by investigating correlations between properties of unstimulated γδ T cells and proliferation rate as well as degranulation ability of stimulated γδ T cells, we can draw conclusions about suitable donors. Finally, we examined if expansion can be improved by pulsing zoledronate and/or using Interleukin 15 with or without Interleukin 2. Significant improvements can be achieved with respect to intrinsic and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Our results demonstrate that the stimulation protocol presented here leads to an improved γδ T cell product for future clinical applications.
Nano-biochar: recent progress, challenges, and opportunities for sustainable environmental remediation
Authors: Bhandari Geeta , Gangola Saurabh , Dhasmana Archna , Rajput Vishal , Gupta Sanjay , Malik Sumira , Slama Petr
Published: July 2023

Biochar is a carbonaceous by-product of lignocellulosic biomass developed by various thermochemical processes. Biochar can be transformed into “nano-biochar” by size reduction to nano-meters level. Nano-biochar presents remarkable physico-chemical behavior in comparison to macro-biochar including; higher stability, unique nanostructure, higher catalytic ability, larger specific surface area, higher porosity, improved surface functionality, and surface active sites. Nano-biochar efficiently regulates the transport and absorption of vital micro-and macro-nutrients, in addition to toxic contaminants (heavy metals, pesticides, antibiotics). However an extensive understanding of the recent nano-biochar studies is essential for large scale implementations, including development, physico-chemical properties and targeted use. Nano-biochar toxicity on different organisms and its in-direct effect on humans is an important issue of concern and needs to be extensively evaluated for large scale applications. This review provides a detailed insight on nanobiochar research for (1) development methodologies, (2) compositions and properties, (3) characterization methods, (4) potentiality as emerging sorbent, photocatalyst, enzyme carrier for environmental application, and (5) environmental concerns.
Remediation of cognitive and motor functions in Tunisian elderly patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease: implications of music therapy and/or physical rehabilitation
Authors: Chéour Sarah , Chéour Chouaieb , Gendreau Tommy , Bouazizi Majdi , Singh Kumar Purnendu , Saeidi Ayoub , Tao Dan , Supriya Rashmi , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Baker Julien S. , Chéour Foued
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of music therapy (MT) and/or physical rehabilitation (PR) on cognitive and motor function in elderly Tunisian male and female patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Male patients (N: 16; age: 74.19 ± 4.27 years; weight: 76.71 ± 5.22 kg) and female patients (N: 12; age: 71.46 ± 3.36 years; weight: 67.47 ± 4.31 kg) with mild AD were randomly assigned into 4 groups including control group (Co), PR group participated in physical rehabilitation, MT group received music therapy and MT + PR received both music therapy and physical rehabilitation. Participants were required to engage in the study for four months with three 60-min sessions per week. We found all scores of cognitive (MMSE, ADAS-Cog Total and the ADAS-Cog Memory subscale) and motor functions (step length, walking speed, 6MVT and BBS score) evaluated were the greatest in MT + PR compared to the other groups. Our study also demonstrated that MT has a greater effect on cognitive function, while PR has a more pronounced effect on motor function. Changes in MMSE scores were significantly positively correlated in the PR, MT and MT + PR groups with improvements in all motor functions including step length (r = 0.77), walking speed (r = 0.73), 6MVT (r = 0.75) and BBS scores (r = 0.78) in AD patients. In conclusion, the combination of MT and PR seems to be an appropriate intervention approach that needs consideration as a treatment strategy for elderly male and female patients with mild AD.
Dysfunctional connectivity as a neurophysiologic mechanism of disorders of consciousness: a systematic review
Authors: Plosnić Gabriela , Raguž Marina , Deletis Vedran , Chudy Darko
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Disorders of consciousness (DOC) has been an object of numbers of research regarding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis in last few decades. We believe that the DOC could be considered as a disconnection syndrome, although the exact mechanisms are not entirely understood. Moreover, different conceptual frameworks highly influence results interpretation. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the current knowledge regarding neurophysiological mechanisms of DOC and to establish possible influence on future clinical implications and usage.

Methods

We have conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines through PubMed and Cochrane databases, with studies being selected for inclusion via a set inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

Eighty-nine studies were included in this systematic review according to the selected criteria. This includes case studies, randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, and observational studies with no control arms. The total number of DOC patients encompassed in the studies cited in this review is 1,533.

Conclusion

Connectomics and network neuroscience offer quantitative frameworks for analysing dynamic brain connectivity. Functional MRI studies show evidence of abnormal connectivity patterns and whole-brain topological reorganization, primarily affecting sensory-related resting state networks (RSNs), confirmed by EEG studies. As previously described, DOC patients are identified by diminished global information processing, i.e., network integration and increased local information processing, i.e., network segregation. Further studies using effective connectivity measurement tools instead of functional connectivity as well as the standardization of the study process are needed.
Prognostic significance of albumin-to-globulin ratio in patients with renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Mao Huaying , Yang Fan
Published: July 2023

Background

Whether the albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) predicts the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains controversial. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to critically evaluate the relationship between the AGR and RCC prognosis, as well as the association between the AGR and the clinicopathological characteristics of RCC.

Methods

The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were thoroughly and comprehensively searched from their inception until 24 June 2023. To determine the predictive significance of the AGR, hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated from the pooled data. The relationship between the AGR and the clinicopathological features of RCC was evaluated by estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs in subgroup analyses.

Results

The meta-analysis included nine articles involving 5,671 RCC cases. A low AGR significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.37–2.41, p <0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.61–3.70, p <0.001). Analysis of the pooled data also revealed significant associations between a low AGR and the following: female sex (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.31–1.67, p <0.001), pT stage T3–T4 (OR = 4.12, 95% CI = 2.93–5.79, p <0.001), pN stage N1 (OR = 3.99, 95% CI = 2.40–6.64, p <0.001), tumor necrosis (OR = 3.83, 95% CI = 2.23–6.59, p <0.001), and Fuhrman grade 3–4 (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.34–2.42, p <0.001). The AGR was not related to histology (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.60–1.15, p = 0.267).

Conclusion

In patients with RCC, a low AGR strongly predicted poor OS and PFS and significantly correlated with clinicopathological features indicative of disease progression.
Recent advances in nanoparticle applications in respiratory disorders: a review
Authors: Taghavizadeh Yazdi Mohammad Ehsan , Qayoomian Mohsen , Beigoli Sima , Boskabady Mohammad Hossein
Published: July 2023

Various nanoparticles are used in the discovery of new nanomedicine to overcome the shortages of conventional drugs. Therefore, this article presents a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the effects of nanoparticle-based drugs in the treatment of respiratory disorders, including both basic and clinical studies. Databases, including PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus, were searched until the end of August 2022 regarding the effect of nanoparticles on respiratory diseases. As a new tool, nanomedicine offered promising applications for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. The basic composition and intrinsic characteristics of nanomaterials showed their effectiveness in treating pulmonary diseases. The efficiency of different nanomedicines has been demonstrated in experimental animal models of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), lung cancer, lung infection, and other lung disorders, confirming their function in the improvement of respiratory disorders. Various types of nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, polymeric nanomaterials, liposomes, quantum dots, and metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, have demonstrated therapeutic effects on respiratory disorders, which may lead to new possible remedies for various respiratory illnesses that could increase drug efficacy and decrease side effects.