bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Information Processing: Career Theory, Research, and Practice
Authors: Dozier V. Casey , Epstein Susan , Garis Jeff W. , Hoover Myrna , Hultman Justin D. , Hyatt Tristen , Kennelly Emily L. , Kettunen Jaana , Kinsley Kirsten M. , Leierer Stephen J. , Lerkkanen Jukka , Makela Julia Panke , Marks Laura Reid , Pearson Sarah , Peterson Gary W. , Reardon Robert C. , Saunders Denise E. , Stallings Erica L. , Vuorinen Raimo
Published: November 2023

This comprehensive, scholarly book aims to improve the integration of Cognitive
Information Processing (CIP) theory, research, and practice, leading to more cost-effective career
interventions that help persons to make informed and careful career decisions over a lifetime. Edited by a team
led by Dr. James P. Sampson and featuring contributions from over 20 distinguished authors, this book delves
into the intricate intersection of cognitive information processing and career development, providing valuable
insights for practitioners, researchers, and students in the field. The book encompasses a wide array of key
themes, shedding light on crucial aspects of career theory, research, and practice. Readers will navigate
through topics such as self-help services, brief staff-assisted services, and individual case-managed services,
exploring the dynamic ways individuals engage with resources in both physical and virtual settings. Among the
many thought-provoking themes covered are: the significance of service delivery tools, the roles of
practitioners and support staff, and the challenges and opportunities in distance delivery. This publication
was a collaboration of the community of practice that has emerged from the 40-year development of Cognitive
Information Processing theory.
A témakutatástól a záróvizsgáig – A BGE KVIK könyvtárak szerepe az egyetemi hallgatók tanulmányainak támogatásában
Authors: Herczeg Renáta Mária , Kóger Dóra
Published: November 2023

Tanulmányunk a BGE KVIK könyvtárak használati trendjeit, szolgáltatásainak átalakulását, és a szakdolgozatkészítés támogatását mutatja be. Munkánk fókuszában a témakutatás, adatbázis használat, hivatkozáskészítés, a „Foglalj könyvtárost” szolgáltatás és a szakdolgozat beadása áll. Részletesen ismertetjük, hogy hogyan segítjük a végzős hallgatókat a nyomtatott és online szakirodalmak gyűjtésében, az előfizetett adatbázisokban történő keresésben és a hivatkozások elkészítésében. Kitérünk a hazai könyvtárhasználati trendek alakulására, illetve a BGE KVIK könyvtárak használatára 2017 és 2022 között.
Uso de Sistemas de Classificação para Pacientes Submetidos ao Transplante de CélulasTronco Hematopoéticas: revisão integrativa
Authors: Tirapelli Gonçalves Bruna , Francisco Gomes Dias Rafaella Luize , Da Silva Lima Larissa
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o cenário do uso de Sistemas de Classificação de Pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Resultados: As publicações evidenciam a íntima relação entre a classificação do grau de dependência do paciente e do dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem aplicado ao serviço de saúde. Nota-se, ainda, a especificidade desse tipo de transplante, uma vez que todos os serviços estudados são classificados comoCentros de Alta Complexidade de Oncologia. Conclusão: O baixo número de artigos encontrados e o espaço de tempo entre as publicações favorecem a lacuna na literatura acerca do cenário da classificação de pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. Assim, faz-se urgente e prioritária a realização de estudos e publicações acerca dessa temática, contextualizando o cenário atual da assistência de enfermagem, novas tecnologias e processos e a organização do ambiente detransplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas.
Parejas postmodernas, características, tipos y psicopatologías de orden afectivo-emocional
Authors: Suqui Minga Carlos Antonio , Heras Benavides Dalila Natali , Jaramillo Oyervide Jessica Alexandra
Published: November 2023

Introducción: El impacto de la posmodernidad en la sociedad se evidencia en el comportamiento humano donde prima el individualismo, hedonismo, la falta de compromiso, satisfacción inmediata del placer; se considera que estas condiciones se deben al desarrollo de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y redes sociales en las que existe una creciente variación de cambios en la comunicación y conformación de diversos tipos parejas. Objetivo: Describir a las parejas posmodernas en función de sus características, tipos y psicopatologías desde una perspectiva afectivo-emocional. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica de la literatura científica y académica obtenida en base de datos como: Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, Redalyc, y Google Scholar, mediante el uso de palabras claves: Postmodernism, types of couples, couple relationships, communication, psychopathology; se obtuvo un total de 275 artículos a los que se aplicaron criterios de inclusión, exclusión y mediante la utilización del método PRISMA se obtuvo como resultado una depuración de 30 artículos que contemplaron las variables de este trabajo investigativo. Resultados: luego del análisis de los artículos científicos seleccionados se obtuvo que las parejas posmodernas mantienen la tendencia a alejarse de los modelos tradicionales, flexibilidad en temas sexuales, son independientes, liberales, hedonistas, promulgan la igualdad de género, mantiene una tendencia marcada a permanecer conectados a las redes sociales con búsqueda permanente de validación social. Conforman diferentes tipos de pareja como las abiertas, swinger, poliamor, además muestran mayor tolerancia a las relaciones homosexuales, híbridas y sexuales flexibles. En relación a la psicopatología desde una perspectiva afectivo-emocional presentan: dependencia emocional, necesidad constante de atención y validación social, conductas sexuales de riesgo, sexismo hostil y ambivalente con alto nivel de violencia psicológica, ciberacoso, celos extremos, el estrés social, adicciones a consumo sustancias, enfermedades somáticas. Conclusión: las parejas posmodernas en su mayoría son individualistas, hedonistas, menos tradicionales, tratan de alejarse del amor romántico, presentan mayor flexibilidad sexual, son más tolerantes a las nuevas formas de conformación de parejas, presentas alteraciones afectivo-emocionales básicamente vinculadas a la necesidad de la validación mediante redes sociales, soledad, conductas sexuales riesgosas, ciberacoso y consumo de sustancias. Área de estudio general: Psicología. Área de estudio específica: Terapia de pareja.
Análisis del efecto de la agricultura regenerativa en la Infiltración del suelo
Authors: Ortiz Ana , Serrut Alejandra , Fábrega Jose , Cedeño Cristel , Flores Elsa
Published: November 2023

La cadena de suministro de alimentos está afectada por el cambio climático y el uso de distintos químicos; Existe una necesidad de soluciones sostenibles, para promover la mitigación del cambio climático y garantizar la seguridad alimentaria. Una forma en que los agricultores pueden mejorar el cultivo de alimentos es mediante la agricultura regenerativa, un proceso que enfatiza la salud y la restauración del suelo. Este proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el efecto de la agricultura regenerativa en la infiltración del suelo en dos institutos técnicos de Panamá. Nos centraremos en el comportamiento de la infiltración del suelo, que desempeña un papel crucial en la mitigación de los efectos adversos del cambio climático sobre la disponibilidad de agua y la agricultura.La metodología incluye la ubicación y descripción de los sitios de estudio en ambos institutos. El uso de equipos para medir la infiltración del suelo, como el infiltrómetro minidisco, la recolección de información sobre las características de los suelos, conductividad hidráulica y geología de la zona. La comparación en el comportamiento de la infiltración en las parcelas con prácticas regenerativas y tradicionales. En la parcela regenerativa utilizaremos compostaje, mínimo a cero químicos, con el fin de mejorar el uso y aprovechamiento del agua en la agricultura y la promoción de prácticas más sostenibles en el sector agrícola compartiendo conocimientos y capacitando a las nuevas generaciones.
Efeitos do óleo essencial de alecrim em discentes de Odontologia de uma Universidade Federal
Authors: Bogéa Maria Julia Marques Cruz , Rodrigues Vandilson Pinheiro , Santana Ivone Lima
Published: November 2023

Os estudantes de Odontologia passam por situações que demandam muito do seu psicológico e podem ser mais suscetíveis a fatores como depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Este estudo buscou verificar os efeitos terapêuticos do óleo essencial (OE) de alecrim na saúde mental de uma amostra dos discentes do curso de Odontologia de uma Universidade Federal, com relação à prática clínica odontológica. Foi conduzido um estudo descritivo qualitativo. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado com base na escala Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – DASS-21 para avaliar os índices ao longo do tempo. O OE foi aplicado de forma tópica duas vezes por semana por um período de 4 meses com auxílio de um algodão. A amostra foi de 29 alunos, com idade média de 24,5 anos (±2,5) e a maior parte foi composta por mulheres (65,5%). Não foi possível notar associação entre a idade e os escores, porém o grupo amostral é totalmente formado por adultos jovens com idades semelhantes. Participantes do sexo feminino apresentaram os maiores escores dos fatores analisados. Verificou-se que os níveis de estresse se apresentaram mais acentuados, seguidos de depressão e por último de ansiedade. Os resultados revelaram que houve efeitos estatisticamente significativos na redução dos escores. Observou-se que o OE de alecrim foi eficaz na redução dos fatores psicométricos analisados. Portanto, conclui-se que o óleo essencial de alecrim foi capaz de promover melhorias nos fatores analisados no grupo de estudantes de Odontologia.
Os efeitos do uso de antibióticos na microbiota intestinal
Authors: Cunha Izabelly Souza da , Silva José Moreira da , Soares Natasha da Silva , Freitas Francisca Marta Nascimento de Oliveira , Lobo Rosimar Honorato
Published: November 2023

A microbiota intestinal é um ambiente natural com espécies de diversas bactérias, incluindo as patogênicas, o uso dos antibióticos de forma errônea faz com que os números das bactérias oportunistas sejam maiores ocasionando a baixa imunidade. Na grande maioria das vezes os antibióticos são vendidos sem a devida prescrição médica fazendo com que o número de casos de resistência bacteriana sejam cada vez maiores. Desta forma o artigo tem por principal objetivo investigar os efeitos do consumo de antibióticos na microbiota intestinal e como pode ser revertido tais impactos. Para este trabalho foi realizado um estudo de revisão bibliográfica integrativa, utilizando-o as palavras chaves "microbiota, antibióticos, imunidade, intestino e probióticos", as principais ferramentas de busca foram o PubMed, Google Acadêmico e SciElo. Na análise foram selecionados 5 artigos principais, a fim de explanar os riscos e consequências deste hábito relativamente comum. Nos resultados são explicados os conceitos fisiológicos que motivaram a pesquisa e os dados pertinentes para o mesmo. Com o uso de probióticos receitados corretamente por um profissional da saúde, há a possibilidade de mitigação dos efeitos colaterais do uso pertinente de antibióticos na flora intestinal.
Prevalência da infecção por Coronavírus e a relação com a vacinação
Authors: Spilere Amanda Regina , Peder Leyde Daiane de
Published: November 2023

Este estudo investigou a prevalência da COVID-19 em Três Barras do Paraná, município do Paraná, entre 2021 e 2022, analisando dados epidemiológicos, utilizando uma abordagem retrospectiva, transversal e descritiva, no qual foram coletadas informações de fontes secundárias públicas, como o Sistema de Informações Epidemiológicas. Os resultados destacaram que a prevalência da COVID-19 foi mais expressiva entre junho e setembro, representando quase metade dos casos. Notavelmente, a maioria dos pacientes foi assintomática, correspondendo a 83% dos casos. A análise epidemiológica revelou uma maior notificação da doença entre mulheres, com 2.080 notificações em comparação com 1.120 em homens. A faixa etária de 50 a 69 anos representou 40% dos casos notificados. Apenas 10% dos pacientes notificados tinham comorbidades. A vacinação desempenhou um papel crucial na redução da prevalência da doença. No primeiro semestre de 2021, aproximadamente 7.300 pessoas receberam a primeira dose, com uma alta taxa de conclusão do esquema vacinal inicial. A análise mostrou uma diminuição importante na prevalência da infecção após a vacinação. No segundo semestre de 2021, houve uma redução de cerca de 10% no número de doses aplicadas em comparação com o primeiro semestre, mas a diminuição na prevalência da infecção foi ainda mais evidente, com uma queda de cerca de 39% nos casos positivos após a vacinação. Em resumo, este estudo destaca a importância da vacinação na redução da prevalência da COVID-19 e fornece informações valiosas sobre as características epidemiológicas da população afetada em Três Barras do Paraná. A alta adesão à vacinação e a diminuição na prevalência da infecção indicam que as vacinas desempenham um papel fundamental na contenção da disseminação do vírus. No entanto, é crucial continuar monitorando e adaptando as estratégias de vacinação à medida que a situação da pandemia evolui.
Use of essential oils in anxiety disorders: A literature review
Authors: Silva Caio Junio Ferreira Mendes da , Lira Jhones Linconl Araújo
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Different people with varied cultures used the medicinal and cosmetic characteristics of plants to control various diseases. Currently, essential oils are gaining prominence for their diverse applications and knowledge about them is being deepened. Objective: To carry out a narrative review on essential oils produced in Brazil that help combat anxiety disorders, in works published from 2020 to 2023. Methodology: This work is a descriptive and exploratory study based on a narrative review of the literature, carrying out research and collecting scientific data organized through the investigation of articles associated with the object of study. Results and discussion: After reading and understanding the work, it became clear the importance of the pharmaceutical professional as a health professional through pharmaceutical care, guiding users of essential oils, clarifying the population regarding the use of herbal medicine in the treatment of anxiety, and ensuring compliance with health standards related to the use of this medicine.
Aspectos radiológicos no diagnóstico de pneumonia: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Novais André Oliveira , Silva Isabella Cristina de Paula , Felix Cinthia Fiuza , Souza Clara Xavier de , Requeijo Márcio José Rosa
Published: November 2023

Introdução: Pneumonia é uma infecção que se instala nos pulmões, que pode acometer os alvéolos pulmonares onde desembocam as ramificações terminais dos brônquios e os interstícios. São causadas pela penetração de um agente infeccioso como bactérias, vírus, fungos e por reações alérgicas no espaço alveolar, onde ocorre a troca gasosa. Objetivo: Identificar os achados radiológicos que poderiam associar a pneumonia. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura acerca das novas evidências que justificam os achados radiológicos da pneumonia. Ademais, realizou-se o cruzamento de informações nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Google Scholar e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Resultados e Discussão: O diagnóstico preciso da pneumonia é importante para garantir um tratamento eficaz, pois os sintomas clínicos da pneumonia podem se parecer com outras condições respiratórias, entretanto a combinação da anamnese, exame físico e exames de imagem, é essencial. As características radiológicas típicas incluem consolidações pulmonares para pneumonia comum e opacidades em vidro fosco para pneumonia atípica, além de derrame pleural e infiltrados pulmonares comuns em ambos os casos. Conclusão: Os exames de imagem, como radiografia de tórax e tomografia computadorizada, são essenciais para detecção e monitoramento do tratamento, e a escolha entre eles depende da gravidade da doença. A integração de informações clínicas e radiológicas é essencial para um diagnóstico preciso e uma abordagem terapêutica adequada na pneumonia. Em última análise, os aspectos radiológicos desempenham um papel crucial no processo diagnóstico da pneumonia.
Bullfrog (Aquarana catesbeiana) farming in adapted water tanks from fall to spring in the state of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Pereira Marcelo Maia
Published: November 2023

Economically viable and readily accessible solutions are necessary for the sustainability of the economic endeavors of small-scale frog producers. An experiment was conducted with the objective of assessing the growth of post-metamorphosis frogs in adapted polyethylene water tanks in the period from fall to spring in the Southern Hemisphere. A total of 23 animals were employed, with a stocking density of 33 animals/m2, exhibiting an average weight of 17.39 g. The frogs were housed in a 500-L polyethylene water tank that was adapted to allow complete drainage at its outlet. The water was consistently replaced before each feeding, and the animals were provided with two daily feedings of commercial carnivorous fish food containing 400 g/kg of crude protein. Biometric measurements were conducted on 12 occasions, along with individual weighing of the frogs. The evaluated parameters included body growth (g), weight gain (g/day), feed intake (g), and feed conversion (g/g). Additionally, production costs were evaluated. Body weight (g) data were subjected to exponential regression analysis. The growth curve of the bullfrog adhered to the exponential regression model. Frog growth during the fall and winter seasons was sluggish, but, began to accelerate as spring emerged, closely associated with ambient temperature. Feed conversion rate stood at 1.89 g/g. The use of polyethylene water tanks shows promise as a viable environment for frog farming, particularly for small-scale producers.
O papel da alimentação para a qualidade de vida de portadores de lúpus
Authors: Silva Tamires Braz da , Freitas Francisca Marta Nascimento de Oliveira , Lobo Rosimar Honorato
Published: November 2023

O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é uma patologia de caráter inflamatória crônica que pode acometer qualquer idade e gênero, mas, manifesta-se principalmente em mulheres em idade fértil, caracterizado por período de atividade da doença e remissão, onde o mesmo pode acometer múltiplos órgãos e sistemas. O presente estudo tem como foco principal abordar a importância da alimentação saudável para a qualidade de vida de portadores de lúpus. A metodologia tratasse de pesquisa descritiva com abordagem de revisão de literatura, demonstrar através de um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de pacientes portadores de Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico. Em resultados obteve-se em maioria dos casos de pacientes lupicos com obesidade e sobrepeso e maior incidência da doença em mulheres em idade fértil, evidenciou-se baixo consumo de micronutrientes em comparação ao que recomendado pela literatura. Conclui-se que o excesso de peso e frequente no LES, e está relacionado com o consumo alimentar e que tem maiores chances de desenvolverem doenças metabólicas e cardiovasculares, não só pela má alimentação como também efeitos dos corticoides e antimaláricos que também afetam o quadro nutricional do paciente.
DETERMINAN TINGKAT STRES REMAJA PUTRI DENGAN KELUHAN KEPUTIHAN
Authors: Kas Sri Rezkiani
Published: November 2023

Vaginal discharge is a perennial problem for women. The effects of this vaginal discharge include infection, pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and even excessive anxiety and self-confidence. Excessive and uncontrollable anxiety causes stress. Based on previous research related to adolescent vaginal discharge, there are several factors that can cause an increase in vaginal discharge including knowledge, attitudes and behavior, and age at menarche, but coping with stress and the frequency of vaginal discharge is higher in Makassar city where there are more people with 388,070 women between the ages of 15 and 19 who have the potential to experience reproductive health problems, it is important to conduct research to improve the health of young women, especially among adolescent girls. This study aims to determine the relationship between female adolescent stress levels and complaints of vaginal discharge in female adolescents at Makassar State High School in 2022. The type of research used was cross sectional using a descriptive approach. Based on the results of the analysis showed there was a relationship vaginal discharge to stress (0.017), age at menarche (0.021) and personal hygiene (0.032). It is recommended to continuously improve knowledge through technological advances, such as using the internet to search for reproductive health information for adolescents, especially young women.
PRIA 50 TAHUN DENGAN MORBUS HANSEN DENGAN MANIFESTASI THROMBOSIS VENA DALAM
Authors: Baeha Ferdinando Motuho , Budiarti Niniek , Maharani Tri Dita
Published: November 2023

Kusta adalah penyakit yang terutama mempengaruhi kulit dan saraf tepi, mengakibatkan neuropati dan konsekuensi jangka panjang yang terkait, termasuk kelainan bentuk dan kecacatan. Penyakit ini dikaitkan dengan stigma, terutama bila ada kelainan bentuk. Gangguan hemostatik sering dikaitkan dengan infeksi akut dan kronis karena fungsi trombosit, pembekuan darah, dan fibrinolisis terkait erat dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Kejadian DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) pada pasien koinfeksi morbus Hansen tidak banyak dilaporkan, sehingga kita harus lebih waspada bahwa DVT dapat muncul sebagai manifestasi lanjutan pada pasien dengan infeksi kronis.
POINT STIMULATION WITH ESSENTIAL OILS IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF LUMBOSACRAL DORSOPATHIES
Authors: Agasarov L. G. , Bazarova B. S.
Published: November 2023

The material is devoted to the analysis of the main mechanisms and comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various options for the cutaneous use of essential oils in dorsopathies.

Materials and methods. 90 patients (women and men) with exacerbation of lumbosacral dorsopathy were selected. In the course of the study, along with neurological, psychological and electrophysiological analysis was carried out. The observed individuals were divided into three randomized groups, each of 30 people in which standard treatment was performed standard treatment. In addition to this, in the first two, main groups, a mixture of essential oils was used: in the 1st group by massaging the lumbosacral zone, in the 2nd – biopuncture, with its application to the area of segmental and distant acupuncture points In the 3rd, control group, sesame oil was applied to the area of the same points as a placebo.

Results and conclusion. The results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of both types of use of essential oils, exceeding, at the level of reliability, the indicators of the control group. However, in the main groups, the rates of sustained analgesia varied, achieved on average after 7.2 procedures in the 1st and 5.5 in the 2nd group. In a similar proportion, the final intensity of pain also decreased – by 51.7 and 65%, respectively, compared with the initial one. According to the delayed assessment performed after six months, exacerbations of the process in the control group were noted in a third of patients, while in the main groups they were observed in a comparably smaller number. Nevertheless, there are differences in the severity of periodically occurring algia: in the 2nd group they increased slightly, while in others they increased to a significantly greater extent. At the same time, the data of rheovasograms testified in favor of greater stability of the results in the 2nd group. The noted advantage of biopuncture with essential oils can be explained by the cumulative effect inherent in the methods of reflexology. In addition, this technique, given the physiology, can be an addition to more aggressive types (classical acupuncture, electrical stimulation) of physical exposure.
DENTAL IMPLANTATION AFTER RECONSTRUCTION OF TOTAL AND SUBTOTAL DEFECTS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER JAWS
Authors: Glebova M. S. , Glebov G. S. , Sletova V. A. , Gabbasova I. V. , Boiko E. M. , Idrisova A. M. , Sletov A. A.
Published: November 2023

Medical and social rehabilitation of patients with total jaw defects is an urgent surgical problem for maxillofacial surgeons. Cicatricial deformities, functional disorders of anatomical structures after resection are a difficult task for reconstructive surgery. It is impossible to achieve positive results without the use of digital technologies, a review of the methods of «digital dentistry» (CAD-CAM modeling and 3D printing) on clinical examples.

The aim of the study was to investigate the necessity of using digital technology in prosthetic patients with subtotal and total jawbone defects.

Materials and methods. The review provides examples of complex dental rehabilitation of patients with a detailed description of clinical and laboratory procedures, photographs and X-ray studies.

Results. An illustrative clinical example confirms the high value and significant role of computer simulation in complex clinical cases and situations. The presented technique made it possible to restore the former quality of life of patients, which indicates its high development today.

Conclusions. Clinical examples confirm the effectiveness of the use of digital dental technologies, prosthetics on implants in maxillofacial surgical dentistry. In the future, these methods will be improved through the introduction of new materials, workflow optimization and improved design accuracy using CAD-CAM and 3D modeling technologies.
Evaluating OpenAI’s Whisper ASR: Performance Analysis Across Diverse Accents and Speaker Traits
Authors: Graham Calbert , Roll Nathan
Published: November 2023

This research explores the performance of the Whisper's ASR system on different native and non-native English accents. The findings indicate better performance on North American vs British and Irish English accents; and on native vs native accents. The analysis also unearths links between speaker traits (sex, L1 typology, and L2 proficiency) and word error rate. An unsupervised K-means analysis identified ten distinct clusters in the data, providing valuable insights into the relationship between speaker characteristics and ASR performance. Additionally, the study found that Whisper performed better on read speech than on conversational speech. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Evolution of rat hepatitis E virus: recombination, divergence and codon usage bias
Authors: Zhao Liang , Huang Yangmei
Published: November 2023

Rat hepatitis E virus (RHEV/HEV-C1, species Rocahepevirus ratti) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, posing an increasing threat to public health worldwide. This study was conducted for better understanding the epidemiology and evolution of RHEV. The isolates sampled so far can be divided into two major genotypes designated a and b. According to the phylogeography, while type a has been detected in four continents, type b is restricted to East and Southeast Asia. Recombination analysis identified three chimeric isolates. Bayesian coalescent analysis suggested that RHEV began to expand around 1956 and was evolving at a high rate. Codon usage bias analysis revealed that RHEV genes are rich in G/C and have additional bias independent of compositional constraints. In codon usage, RHEV is both similar to and different from the major host Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus). Furthermore, unlike many other mammalian RNA viruses, RHEV does not mirror hosts’ marked suppression of “CG” and “TA”.
Adaptive changes in the DNA damage response during skeletal muscle cell differentiation
Authors: Faleiro Inês , Afonso Ana I. , Balsinha André , Lucas Beatriz , Martin Robert M. , Gomes Edgar R. , de Almeida Sérgio F.
Published: November 2023

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) trigger specialized cellular mechanisms that collectively form the DNA damage response (DDR). In proliferating cells, the DDR serves the function of mending DNA breaks and satisfying the cell-cycle checkpoints. Distinct goals exist in differentiated cells that are postmitotic and do not face cell-cycle checkpoints. Nonetheless, the distinctive requirements and mechanistic details of the DDR in differentiated cells are still poorly understood. In this study, we set an in vitro differentiation model of human skeletal muscle myoblasts into multinucleated myotubes that allowed monitoring DDR dynamics during cell differentiation. Our results demonstrate that myotubes have a prolonged DDR, which is nonetheless competent to repair DSBs and render them significantly more resistant to cell death than their progenitors. Using live-cell microscopy and single-molecule kinetic measurements of transcriptional activity, we observed that myotubes respond to DNA damage by rapidly and transiently suppressing global gene expression and rewiring the epigenetic landscape of the damaged nucleus. Our findings provide novel insights into the DDR dynamics during cellular differentiation and shed light on the strategy employed by human skeletal muscle to preserve the integrity of the genetic information and sustain long-term organ function after DNA damage.
Smart devices to measure and monitor QT intervals
Authors: Hoek Leendert J. , Brouwer Jan Leendert P. , Voors Adriaan A. , Maass Alexander H.
Published: November 2023

Careful observation of the QT interval is important to monitor patients with long QT syndrome and during treatment with potentially QT-prolonging medication. It is also crucial in the development of novel drugs, in particular in case of a potential side effect of QT prolongation and in patients with increased risk of QT prolongation. The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard to evaluate cardiac conduction and repolarization times. Smartwatches and smart devices offer possibilities for ambulatory ECG recording and therefore measuring and monitoring the QT interval. We performed a systematic review of studies on smartwatches and smart devices for QTc analysis. We reviewed PubMed for smartwatches and smart devices that can measure and monitor the QT interval. A total of 31 studies were included. The most frequent devices were (1) KardiaMobile 6L, a Food and Drug Administration-approved device for QTc analyses that provides a 6-lead ECG, (2) an Apple Watch, a smartwatch with an integrated ECG tool that allows recording of a single-lead ECG, and (3) the Withings Move ECG ScanWatch, an analog watch with a built-in single-lead ECG. The KardiaMobile 6L device and the Apple Watch provide accurate measurements of the QT interval, although the Apple Watch is studied in standard and non-standard positions, and the accuracy of QT measurements increased when the smartwatch was moved to alternative positions. Most studies were performed on patients, and limited results were available from healthy volunteers.
Association of remnant cholesterol with CVD incidence: a general population cohort study in Southwest China
Authors: Liu Chengxi , Dai Mi , Tian Kunming , Zhou Shiyu , Luo Lei , Zeng Zhiying , Yan Xuelian , Xiao Ying , Wang Yiying , Deng Renli , Lei Xiuhong , Liu Tao
Published: November 2023

Background

Emerging evidence has indicated that remnant cholesterol (RC) could predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. Nevertheless, the relationship between RC and CVD risk, especially within the general Chinese population, remains scarce.

Objective

The present research aimed to assess whether RC concentrations and CVD outcomes in general Chinese adults are related.

Methods

The Cox proportional hazard model was established to explore the relationship between RC and the outcomes of CVD and CVD subgroups. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was utilized to investigate the dose–response connection between RC and the risk of CVD outcomes, and the ROC curve was used to calculate the corresponding cutoff values. Moreover, stratified analysis was conducted to investigate the potential effect modification in the association between RC and CVD outcomes.

Results

Significant positive associations were found between elevated categorical RC and increased risk of CVD (HR Q4, 1.80; 95% CI 1.15–2.79; P-value = 0.008), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (HR Q4, 2.00; 95% CI 1.22–3.27; P-value = 0.007), stroke (HR Q4, 1.66; 95% CI 1.02–2.69; P-value = 0.040), and ischemic stroke (HR Q4, 1.87, 95% CI 1.08–3.25; P-value = 0.034), respectively. Our study suggested that the incidence of CVD outcomes increased when RC levels were above 0.75 mmol/L. Importantly, the CVD risks related to RC were more likely to be those found in subjects aged above 60 years, women, subjects with BMI <24 kg/m2, and subjects with hypertension and unhealthy diet patterns.

Conclusions

Aberrant high level of RC is associated with elevated CVD risk, independent of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Our data reveal urgent primary prevention for subjects with high RC levels to a low incidence of CVD, especially for the elderly, women, and those with hypertension and unhealthy diet patterns.
Career readiness: preparing social work students for entry into the workforce
Authors: Moore Matt , Thaller Jonel
Published: November 2023

Career readiness of college graduates is of critical importance in higher education. As defined by the career readiness is the attainment and demonstration of requisite competencies that broadly prepare college graduates for successful transition into the workplace and/or graduate school. This article outlines the development of a sophomore-level course – Critical Thinking and Writing for Social Work Professionals – as part of a Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) program at Ball State University. The primary purpose of this course is to help students develop career readiness competencies that support their growth throughout their educational and professional social work careers. The career readiness competencies support the Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards required by the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE). The authors discuss the importance of this approach for undergraduate education and how career readiness enhances and builds upon CSWE competencies. The authors conclude with a brief discussion of student feedback and lessons learned through this process that suggests students’ gained career readiness skills.
Prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among adults in Durame town, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Suliman Abebe , Tadesse Sebsibe , Abute Lonsako , Selamu Markos
Published: November 2023

Background

Undiagnosed hypertension is a major public health problem causing severe cardiovascular disorders that are responsible for a high proportion of morbidities and mortalities, especially among adults living in low-income countries. However, there is a paucity of information that describes its epidemiology in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among adults in Durame town, southern Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2022. Data were collected from 526 randomly selected adults aged ≥18 years using a pre-tested questionnaire. The binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with undiagnosed hypertension.

Results

The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among adults in Durame town, southern Ethiopia, was found to be 14.0% (95% CI: 11.2–17.1). Family history of hypertension [AOR = 6.9, 95% CI: (3.62, 13.27)], drinking too much alcohol [AOR = 5.7, 95% CI: (2.97, 10.75)], physical inactivity [AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: (1.34, 4.73)], consuming street foods regularly [AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: (1.28, 6.01)], and seeking healthcare for hypertensive symptoms without serious illness [AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: (1.28, 4.56)] were significantly associated with developing undiagnosed hypertension.

Conclusion

The study has revealed that one in seven adults had undiagnosed hypertension in the study area. Thus, interventions to prevent hypertension should target increasing awareness among people with a family history of hypertension, controlling excessive alcohol consumption, promoting physical exercise, regulating street food markets, and improving the health-seeking behavior of adults in urban settings.
Identification of autophagy-related genes in osteoarthritis articular cartilage and their roles in immune infiltration
Authors: Qin Jun , Zhang Jin , Wu Jian-Jun , Ru Xiao , Zhong Qiu-Ling , Zhao Jin-Min , Lan Ni-Han
Published: November 2023

Background

Autophagy plays a critical role in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA), mainly by regulating inflammatory and immune responses. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential relevance of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) associated with infiltrating immune cells in OA.

Methods

GSE114007, GSE169077, and ARGs were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Human Autophagy database. R software was used to identify the differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DEARGs) in OA. Functional enrichment and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analyses were performed to explore the role of DEARGs in OA cartilage, and then Cytoscape was utilized to screen hub ARGs. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to conduct immune infiltration analysis and evaluate the potential correlation of key ARGs and immune cell infiltration. Then, the expression levels of hub ARGs in OA were further verified by the GSE169077 and qRT-PCR. Finally, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to validate the final hub ARGs.

Results

A total of 24 downregulated genes and five upregulated genes were identified, and these genes were enriched in autophagy, mitophagy, and inflammation-related pathways. The intersection results identified nine hub genes, namely, CDKN1A, DDIT3, FOS, VEGFA, RELA, MAP1LC3B, MYC, HSPA5, and HSPA8. GSE169077 and qRT-PCR validation results showed that only four genes, CDKN1A, DDT3, MAP1LC3B, and MYC, were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results. Western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) showed that the expression of these four genes was significantly downregulated in the OA group, which is consistent with the qPCR results. Immune infiltration correlation analysis indicated that DDIT3 was negatively correlated with immature dendritic cells in OA, and FOS was positively correlated with eosinophils.

Conclusion

CDKN1A, DDIT3, MAP1LC3B, and MYC were identified as ARGs that were closely associated with immune infiltration in OA cartilage. Among them, DDIT3 showed a strong negative correlation with immature dendritic cells. This study found that the interaction between ARGs and immune cell infiltration may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of OA; however, the specific interaction mechanism needs further research to be clarified. This study provides new insights to further understand the molecular mechanisms of immunity involved in the process of OA by autophagy.
Bacterial immunotherapy: is it a weapon in our arsenal in the fight against cancer?
Authors: Sharma Shubhra , Sharma Himani , Gogoi Himanshu
Published: November 2023

Advances in understanding the genetic basis of cancer have driven alternative treatment approaches. Recent findings have demonstrated the potential of bacteria and it’s components to serve as robust theranostic agents for cancer eradication. Compared to traditional cancer therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bacteria mediated tumor therapy has exhibited superior cancer suppressing property which is attributed a lot to it’s tumor proliferating and accumulating characteristics. Genetically modified bacteria has reduced inherent toxicity and enhanced specificity towards tumor microenvironment. This anti- tumor activity of bacteria is attributed to its toxins and other active components from the cell membrane, cell wall and spores. Furthermore, bacterial genes can be regulated to express and deliver cytokines, antibodies and cancer therapeutics. Although there is less clinical data available, the pre- clinical research clearly indicates the feasibility and potential of bacteria- mediated cancer therapy.
Enhanced alloresponse to platelet transfusion due to immune dysregulation following ablative chemotherapy in mice
Authors: Jackman Rachael P. , Darst Orsolya , Gaillard Betty , Tran Johnson Q. , Tomayko Mary M. , Muench Marcus O.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Alloimmunization is common following platelet transfusion and can result in negative outcomes for recipients such as refractoriness to subsequent transfusions and rejection of transplants. Healthy people do not receive blood transfusions, and the diseases and therapies that result in a need to transfuse have significant impacts on the immunological environment to which these alloantigens are introduced. Ablative chemotherapies are common among platelet recipients and have potent immunological effects. In this study, we modeled the impact of chemotherapy on the alloresponse to platelet transfusion. As chemotherapies are generally regarded as immunosuppressive, we hypothesized that that they would result in a diminished alloresponse.

Methods

Mice were given a combination chemotherapeutic treatment of cytarabine and doxorubicin followed by transfusion of allogeneic platelets, and compared to controls given no treatment, chemotherapy alone, or transfusion alone. Alloantibody responses were measured 2 weeks after transfusion, and cellular responses and growth factors were monitored over time.

Results

Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that chemotherapy led to increased alloantibody responses to allogeneic platelet transfusion. This enhanced response was antigen-specific and was associated with increased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. Chemotherapy led to rapid lymphocyte depletion followed by reconstitution, non-specific activation of transitional B cells with the highest levels of activation in the least mature subsets, and increased serum levels of B cell activating factor (BAFF).

Conclusion

These data suggest that ablative chemotherapy can increase the risk of alloimmunization and, if confirmed clinically, that additional measures to protect these patient populations may be warranted.
Towards unlocking the trophic roles of rarely encountered squid: Opportunistic samples of Taningia danae and a Chiroteuthis aff. veranii reveal that the Southern Ocean top predators are nutrient links connecting deep-sea and shelf-slope environments
Authors: Jackel Bethany , Baring Ryan , Doane Michael P. , Henkens Jessica , Martin Belinda , Rough Kirsten , Meyer Lauren
Published: November 2023

Deep-sea squids are presumably vital components of largely undescribed marine ecosystems, yet limited access to specimens has hampered efforts to detail their ecological roles as predators and preys. Biochemical techniques such as stable isotope analyses, fatty acid analyses, and bomb calorimetry are increasingly recognized for their ability to infer trophic ecology and dietary information from small quantities of tissue. This study used five opportunistically collected Taningia danae specimens and one Chiroteuthis aff. veranii specimen retrieved from the Great Australian Bight, South Australia, to detail the trophic ecology of these poorly understood squids. Four body tissue types (i.e., arm, buccal mass, mantle, and digestive gland) were assessed for their utility in stable isotope (SI) and fatty acid (FA) analyses, and we found that the arm, buccal mass, and mantle tissues had similar SI and FA profiles, suggesting that they can be used interchangeably when the entire specimen is unavailable. δ13C, δ15N, and fatty acid data suggests that the T. danae and C. aff. veranii specimens lived in the Southern Ocean and were high-trophic-level predators, feeding on deep-sea fishes and small squids, while also taking advantage of the summer upwelling region of the Great Australian Bight. The fatty acid analysis and bomb calorimetry results indicate that these squids might be important reservoirs of essential FAs (EPA and DHA) for Southern Ocean predators and that the whole-body energy content of T. danae individuals can reach up to 362,250 kJ. Our findings indicate that these squids may be contributing greatly to the transport of nutrients and energy between the Southern Ocean deep-sea and the Great Australian Bight shelf–slope environments. In addition to building our understanding of the trophic ecology of two poorly understood deep-sea squids, these findings also highlight the utility of partial specimens and demonstrate the important ecological information that can be obtained from few samples that may be opportunistically collected.
Why osteoarthritis of the knee is called “a wound that does not heal” and why Tai Chi is an effective treatment
Authors: Huston Patricia
Published: November 2023

Context

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is common and is associated with other chronic diseases and early mortality. OA is often described as a “wound that does not heal” because a local innate immune response gets dysregulated. Tai Chi is an aerobic mind-body practice that is recommended in national and international clinical practice guidelines as a treatment for OA of the knee. This review addressed two questions: What causes immune dysregulation in the knee? and Why is Tai Chi an effective treatment?

Recent findings

There is now a good understanding of what causes OA of the knee at the cellular level. OA begins in the synovium from a phenotypic shift in synovial macrophages in response to tissue damage. The synovial macrophages release inflammatory cytokines, as part of the first phase of the normal healing and repair process. Cytokines communicate to other cells that there has been damage. This stimulates chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts to release inflammatory cytokines as well. When tissue damage is repetitive, there is repetitive release of inflammatory cytokines, and the normal healing process stops. The most common cause of tissue damage is from abnormal biomechanical forces on the knee that arise from trauma, injury, and misalignment. Tissue damage is made worse when there is systemic low-grade inflammation associated with other chronic conditions. Pain and stiffness often result in decreased physical activity, which leads to muscle weakness, progressive instability of the joint, and an increased risk of falls, further injuring the knee. Tai Chi improves alignment, optimizes the biomechanical forces on the knee, strengthens the lower limbs, and decreases systemic inflammation. Tai Chi improves balance and decreases the risk of falls and further injury. There is clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that by removing the causes of cell dysregulation, Tai Chi enables the normal healing and repair process to resume.

Conclusion

Knee OA is a wound that does not heal primarily because repetitive adverse forces on the knee cause synovial macrophages and then local chondrocytes, osteocytes and fibroblasts to dysregulate and stop the normal healing and repair process. Tai Chi mitigates adverse forces on the knee and stabilizes the joint, creating the conditions whereby the normal healing and repair process can resume. Further research is needed.