bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Minmax Function as Inventory Management on Non-Prescription Products at Kimia Farma Pharmacy Balikpapan
Authors: Fatroni Hanif , Saragi Sahat , Widyastuti Sri
Published: March 2024

The minmax method is the method applied by Kimia Farma Pharmacy Balikpapan. There are some constraints in this method, such as empty stock, impact on turnover, and visits. The purpose of this research is to see the effect of optimization of minmax method on inventory management that affects customer satisfaction, increase in turnover and number of visits. The research method used descriptive quantitative One Group Design Pre and Post Test method and cross-sectional analytical survey. Researchers observed the variables of customer satisfaction, non-prescription turnover and visits before and after the minmax method intervention, looking at the correlation between customer satisfaction and the increase in turnover and visits. A survey was conducted with 379 customers before and after the intervention to see customer satisfaction. Optimization of the minmax method after the intervention, namely orders via defect with a frequency of every day, cito orders, adding SKU (Stock Keeping Unit) items, HR control of goods. The results of the study before the intervention were Pareto A availability of 81.2%, SKU 2453, and inventory life of 66 days. The customer satisfaction index is 3.38, the average non-prescription and visit turnover is Rp. 811,753,502 and 7818, while after the intervention the increase in pareto A availability is 95.8%, SKU 3346, and inventory life is 42 days. The customer satisfaction index is 4.61, the average non-prescription turnover and visits are Rp. 1,140,740,604 and 9940. Optimization of minmax method is successfully applied by Kimia Farma Pharmacy Balikpapan and has an influence on customer satisfaction, turnover, and visits.
Development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus, and human immunodeficiency virus 1
Authors: Nemr Waleed Abdelgaber , Nashwa Radwan K
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) are the most epidemic blood-borne viruses, posing threats to human health and causing economic losses to nations for combating the infection transmission. The diagnostic methodologies that depend on the detection of viral nucleic acids are much more expensive, but they are more accurate than serological testing.

AIM

To develop a rapid, cost-effective, and accurate diagnostic multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for simultaneous detection of HCV, HBV, and HIV-1.

METHODS

The design of the proposed PCR assay targets the amplification of a short conserved region featured with a distinguishable melting profile and electrophoretic molecular weight inside each viral genome. Therefore, this diagnostic method will be appropriate for application in both conventional (combined with electrophoresis) and real-time PCR facilities. Confirmatory in silico investigations were conducted to prove the capability of the approached PCR assay to detect variants of each virus. Then, Egyptian isolates of each virus were subjected to the wet lab examination using the given diagnostic assay.

RESULTS

The in silico investigations confirmed that the PCR primers can match many viral variants in a multiplex PCR assay. The wet lab experiment proved the efficiency of the assay in distinguishing each viral type through high-resolution melting analysis. Compared to related published assays, the proposed assay in the current study is more sensitive and competitive with many expensive PCR assays.

CONCLUSION

This study provides a simple, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic PCR assay facilitating the detection of the most epidemic blood-borne viruses; this makes the proposed assay promising to be substitutive for the mistakable and cheap serological-based assays.
Hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies
Authors: De Pauli Silvia , Grando Martina , Miotti Giovanni , Zeppieri Marco
Published: March 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation poses a significant clinical challenge, especially in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapies, including monoclonal antibody treatments. This manuscript briefly explores the complex relationship between monoclonal antibody therapy and HBV reactivation, drawing upon current literature and clinical case studies. It delves into the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, highlighting the importance of risk assessment, monitoring, and prophylactic measures for patients at risk. The manuscript aims to enhance the understanding of HBV reactivation in the context of monoclonal antibody therapy, ultimately facilitating informed clinical decision-making and improved patient care. This paper will also briefly review the definition of HBV activation, assess the risks of reactivation, especially in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies, and consider management for patients with regard to screening, prophylaxis, and treatment. A better understanding of patients at risk can help clinicians provide optimum management to ensure successful patient outcomes and prevent morbidity.
Flood Modelling of Premulung River, Bengawan Solo
Authors: Pangestu Ferdi , Kuntoro Arno Adi , Irianto Eko Winar
Published: March 2024

Premulung River or commonly known as Kali Premulung is one of many branches of Bengawan Solo River in its upstream area. This river pass through one of the most historical cities in Central Java, Surakarta. The overcapacity of this river leads to flood event that has a negative impact on humans. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Premulung River capacity and simulate the flood caused by rainfall design. The hydrological matter was analyzed using Hydrognomon and HEC-HMS while flood modelling was analyzed using HEC-RAS software one- and two-dimension (1D & 2D) simulation. Model calibrations were carried out based on historical flood events (depth, duration, and area of inundation) and local interview due to data limitation. Based on the simulation, the flood modelling shows that the current capacity of Premulung River cannot accommodate its peak discharge for two (Q2) and twenty years (Q20) return period flood. There are two main spots identified flooded due to Q2 flood with depth varies from 40 to 80 cm and duration from 4 hour to 7 hour. For Q20 flood, there are also two same spots identified flooded with depth varies from 1.2 m to 1.8 m and duration from 6 hour to 9 hour. The result of this study can be a reference for flood dike design in the future which still require further detailed investigation.
Growth of Cut-Grafting Robusta Coffee Seeds Utilizing Orthotropic and Plagiotropic Rootstocks with Application Bacillus and Pseudomonas Mixture
Authors: Rosyady Muhammad Ghufron , Larassati Larassati , Setiyono Setiyono , Subroto Gatot , Wijaya Ketut Anom , Wulanjari Distiana , Farisi Oria Alit , Basuki Basuki
Published: March 2024

Vegetative propagation by cut-grafting has the advantage of being able to obtain seeds that inherit two superior traits from two scion clones in a relatively short time. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of using orthotropic and plagiotropic rootstocks applied by Bacillus and Pseudomonas on the early growth of robusta coffee seedlings from cut grafting. The method used was by using a completely randomized factorial design with 2 factors and was   repeated 3 times. The first factor was the use of rootstock cuttings which consisted of 2 levels, which were S1 (orthotropic stem) and S2 (plagiotropic stem). The second factor was the concentration of Bacillus and Pseudomonas which consisted of 5 levels, which were B0 (0 ml/L), B1 (20 ml/L), B2 (40 ml/L), B3 (60 ml/L) and B4 (80 ml/L). The results showed that (1) there was no interaction between the use of variatic rootstock and the application of the biological agent (2) The use of orthotropic rootstock increased plant growth, that is the number of primary roots and the number of leaves and (3) Application of the biological agent of Bacillus and Pseudomonas with concentrations of B4 increased seedling growth on all observed parameters except the number of shoots. Based on the results of this research, the benefit for coffee planters is to obtain alternative planting materials, namely from orthotropic branches. For further research, the use of orthotropic branch planting material as a scion plant can be investigated.
Identification of Availability and Lignocellulosic Properties in Coconut Dregs Waste
Authors: Murtius Wenny Surya , Argo Bambang Dwi , Nurika Irnia , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: March 2024

Agricultural waste, including coconut pulp, contains lignocellulose and is a very important, renewable and sustainable industrial raw material. Many of the food, textile, pharmaceutical, paint and resin, agrochemical, oil processing, and other sectors utilize lignocellulosic derivatives. The objectives of this study were to determine the availability of coconut pulp in Padang City-West Sumatra, analyse the lignocellulosic components contained and cell surface morphology, and observe the chemical elements in coconut pulp waste. An exploratory approach was used in this study to achieve these objectives. The results showed that there were 98 coconut milk entrepreneurs spread across traditional markets in Padang City, West Sumatra. Every day the coconut milk squeeze business examined produces ± 1.18 tonnes of coconut pulp. Coconut waste also contains 47.18% cellulose, 10.58% lignin, and 12.10% hemicellulose. Based on the XRD results, the crystal size of coconut pulp obtained from XRD observation is 11.8 nm.
OPTIMIZATION STRATEGY OF PRODUCTIVE ZAKAT FUNDS AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE MUSTAHIK WELFARE (CASE STUDY OF BAZNAS OF PAPUA PROVINCE)
Authors: Aziz Asnah Abdul
Published: March 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on increasing the number of poor people, including in Papua Province. It takes the involvement of all parties in dealing with this impact, one of the parties most considered capable is BAZNAS Papua Province, as a philanthropic institution that functions to manage zakat funds, and one of the objectives of zakat funds is to realize community welfare and poverty reduction. The type of research used in this writing is qualitative research, which is located at BAZNAS Papua Province, with the research subjects coming from the management of BAZNAS Papua Province, namely the Chairman, Deputy Chairman I of the Collection and Distribution Division and the Distribution and Empowerment Section as well as three representatives of productive zakat mustahik. The mechanism for distributing productive zakat funds begins with submitting an application, reviewing the results of the application, survey, until the disbursement of funds then monitoring evaluation and mentoring of fostered partners. Optimizing productive zakat funds requires several strategies including strengthening legality, strengthening effective ZIS collection, transparent management of zakat funds, partnership and collaboration approaches, developing productive programs, technological innovation, strengthening Baznas as amil. A more in-depth study is needed to determine productive mustahiks, maximize business feasibility surveys, and need to add and strengthen assistants who will provide assistance to mustahiks in running their businesses.
A Narrative Analysis on Vlogs
Authors:   Technical University, Modern Languages Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania., Suciu Maria Simina-
Published: March 2024

The vlog has become an increasingly popular genre, being found most often on the YouTube platform. Starting from the premise that it has a narrative form, we randomly selected five texts that we segmented, following the discourse marks related to each sequence and we quantified the number related to each one. The next step is represented by noting the numbers in pie chart type graphs in order to see which is the predominant one. For a better visibility of the sequences, we opted for the use of different colors for each of them, colors that can also be found in the charts. Thus, starting from the theory of narrative genres (according to W. Labov and J. Waletzky) and the three-level analysis model developed by Sophie Moirand, we proposed a discursive analysis aimed at showing that vlogs fall into the category of narrative genres. We mention that this article does not pretend to present a complete analysis but it is the starting point of a larger one, with a relevant oral corpus, which will thoroughly debate the vlog category. Purpose: Analyzing vlogs from a narrative approach. Patients and methods: Sequential analysis Results: Narrative sequence is predominant Conclusion: Vlogs can be considered a narrative genre
Uma Reflexão da Literatura Sobre Técnicas Computacionais Aplicadas À Gestão Da Manutenção de Trens
Authors: Felix Josemar Coelho , Silva Rodrigo Cesar Pedrosa
Published: March 2024

Este texto tem como objetivo fornecer orientações sobre o estado atual da literatura sobre aspectos relacionados à aplicação de recursos computacionais para melhorar a gestão da manutenção de material rodante e, com base nisso, propor diretrizes para pesquisadores sobre o assunto. Este estudo apresenta uma revisão de literatura com artigos de pesquisa aplicada. Em conclusão, verificamos que programação linear, algoritmos genéticos e redes neurais trazem bons resultados no auxílio aos gestores de manutenção ferroviária. Importa referir que ainda existe uma preferência pela automatização do trabalho manual de forma a conseguir a redução de custos ou maximizar a utilização dos recursos de manutenção. Devido ao grande aumento de pesquisas sobre aplicações de recursos computacionais, este artigo traz generalizações de aplicações para o mesmo tema, que é a manutenção do material rodante e a dificuldade de gerenciamento desses ativos.
Diseño de wayfinding en entornos atención médica pediátrica traspasando por conceptos de diseño de servicios hospitalarios y de hospitalidad
Authors: Bara Guilherme Gattás , De Freitas Sydney Fernandes
Published: March 2024

El objetivo general de esta investigación es relacionar los conceptos de wayfinding, diseño de servicios y hospitalidad. Se utilizó la técnica de Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura (RLS) y, como resultado, se trató de un estudio teórico-descriptivo y cuantitativo-cualitativo. Posteriormente, se destacaron y describieron una serie de instrumentos relacionados con el wayfinding y el diseño de servicios encontrados en los artículos resultantes de las revisiones: Mapa de Partes Interesadas; Modelo de Comportamiento e Intercambio de Información; Modelo de Política, Influencia y Emoción; Inventario de Artefactos; Diagramas de Nivel de Tareas; Anteproyecto de Servicio; Persona; Escenarios; Recorridos de Usuario; Wayfinding y Mapas de Servicio. Los resultados de las revisiones bibliográficas sistemática y narrativa permitieron, utilizando las cadenas de búsqueda, categorizar y agrupar los datos recogidos en las siguientes categorías: diseño de rutas, diseño de servicios y hospitalidad. Los resultados de las demás técnicas se organizaron en función de las necesidades que surgieron en el transcurso de este estudio.
A influência da aparência nas decisões tomadas pelo tribunal do júri
Authors: Miyazaki Paula de Oliveira Santos , Silva Nelson Finotti , Miglioli Carlos Florido , Domingos Neide Aparecida Micelli
Published: March 2024

A aparência física de uma pessoa pode ter um impacto sobre seu funcionamento e sobre a sua vida, podendo influenciar, inclusive, integrantes do poder judiciário em suas decisões. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência da aparência do réu na formação do convencimento de potenciais jurados. Estudo descritivo, transversal. Trinta (30) retratos (faces) obtidos por inteligência artificial foram retirados de dois sites que geram rostos artificiais a partir de combinação de fotos reais. Esses 30 retratos foram apresentados aos participantes, denominados juízes, que escolheram 10 retratos atraentes e 10 não atraentes. Em seguida, potenciais jurados responderam individualmente a um questionário sociodemográfico e, em seguida, foram solicitados a ler a descrição de um crime de homicídio fictício. Após a leitura, receberam os 10 retratos considerados atraentes e os 10 não atraentes indicados pelos juízes e foram informados que deveriam apontar o retrato do possível autor do crime.  Participaram do estudo 391 potenciais jurados, a maioria do gênero feminino (277 / 71%). Quanto ao grau de escolaridade, a maioria tinha ensino superior completo (306 / 78,2%). A técnica de Escalonamento Multidimensional Não-Métrico gerou resultados de todas as percepções dos respondentes representadas por pontos (cada ponto é uma imagem). Os pontos próximos demonstraram a existência de uma relação entre as percepções dos respondentes, enquanto os pontos distantes apresentaram características diferentes quando comparados com os pontos próximos. Foram identificados dois pontos (retratos) distantes e isolados dos demais, ambos homens e considerados não atraentes (alto índice de não atratividade). Esses dois indivíduos receberam o maior número de votos SIM (considerado autor do crime) e têm alta porcentagem de não atratividade: 91,9% e 89,2% os consideraram não atraentes. Retratos com alto grau de não atratividade foram considerados autor do crime pela maioria dos participantes.
EFEITO DE EXTRATO DE K. alvarezii NO DESEMPENHO DA RÚCULA EM SISTEMA DE CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO
Authors: Facco Clarissa Castoldi , Amarante Nataniel de Oliveira , D'Avila Fernando Luis Diniz , Buch Raphael Ramon , Alves Adriel da Silva , Oliveira Christiane Fernandes de , Machado Elelan Vitor , Alves Vitória dos Santos , Giovanetti Leonardo Khaoê , Silva Victor Roberto da
Published: March 2024

O cultivo global da macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii está em ascensão devido à sua facilidade de cultivo e alto rendimento. Esta alga apresenta diversas aplicações, desde alimentação humana até cosméticos, tornando-se uma potencial fonte de renda alternativa para os maricultores. Além disso, estudos indicam que a K. alvarezii produz compostos que podem promover o crescimento de várias espécies vegetais, contribuindo para a biossíntese hormonal das plantas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto do extrato de K. alvarezii, produzido em Florianópolis/SC, no crescimento de plantas de rúcula cultivadas em sistema hidropônico. Foram conduzidos quatro tratamentos, com quatro repetições cada, totalizando 16 amostras, utilizando um delineamento experimental quadrado latino. Como resultados não foram observadas diferenças significativas no crescimento das plantas de rúcula entre as diferentes doses de extrato de K. alvarezii.
RESTAURAÇÃO FLORESTAL COM FOCO NA MATA ATLÂNTICA: SÍNTESE DAS PRINCIPAIS TÉCNICAS E RESULTADOS ATRAVÉS DE RESENHAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
Authors: Amarante Nataniel de Oliveira , Facco Clarissa Castoldi , Oliveira Christiane Fernandes de , Buch Raphael Ramon , Alves Adriel da Silva , D'Avila Fernando Luis Diniz , Machado Elelan Vitor , Gonzalez Jorge Andres Betancur , Câmara Paulo Henrique da Silva , Costa Junior Euvaldo de Sousa
Published: March 2024

O bioma Mata Atlântica encontra-se severamente fragmentado devido ao desmatamento, o que torna a restauração florestal uma estratégia fundamental. Este projeto teve como objetivo analisar criticamente 10 estudos sobre técnicas de restauração empregadas nesse bioma. Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica sistemática para selecionar artigos que abordavam métodos como plantio de mudas, manejo florestal e sensoriamento remoto. Os resultados demonstram o potencial dessas técnicas, mas também apontam indicadores preocupantes de degradação, como a perda de vegetação nativa. A resiliência florestal é discutida, porém destaca-se que a constantes perturbações antrópicas comprometem essa capacidade. Conclui-se que iniciativas integradas de restauração, manejo ambiental responsável e monitoramento contínuo, com envolvimento social, são essenciais para reverter o atual cenário de fragmentação da Mata Atlântica.
Maria Grzegorzewska as a director of the State Institute for Special Pedagogics
Authors: Kulbaka Jacek
Published: March 2024

The article describes the over 45-year period of functioning of the State Institute of Special Education (PIPS) under Maria Grzegorzewska's leadership, i.e from its establishment in 1922 until Grzegorzewska's death in 1967. The university's history is shown based on a query of archival materials, which are primarily in the resources of the Maria Grzegorzewska University, and legal acts. The focus was on the status of the Institute, as well as the organization with its curricula, staff and the number of graduates. Grzegorzewska's desire to transform PIPS into an independent research and teaching institution, and then a university with master's studies, is presented. This goal was achieved in 1970–1973.
Self-advocacy of people with intellectual disabilities – theoretical and practical perspective
Authors: Majewska-Bielska Klaudia
Published: March 2024

The first part of the article focuses on defining the concept of self-advocacy. The analysis of available sources shows that self-advocacy is treated as a step towards human self-determination, and its components include self-knowledge, knowledge of one's own rights, and the development of communication and leadership competences (Test et al., 2005). Next, the history of the development of the movement of self-advocates of people with intellectual disabilities in the world and in Poland is presented, indicating that the sources – regardless of the country – lie in the activities of non-governmental organizations associating parents, guardians and friends of people with disabilities. At the end of the article, an example of volunteer activity of APS students for the development of self-advocacy of adults with intellectual disability is described.
Play in the mathematical education of young children. Selected pedagogical and medical aspects
Authors: Zalewska Joanna , Celarek Victor , Makara Katarzyna , Celarek Renata , Michalak Konrad , Urbaniak Agnieszka
Published: March 2024

This article aims to present play as one of the most common, natural, and spontaneous forms of activity undertaken by preschool children. Through appropriately chosen mathematical games and didactic means, we can introduce a child to the secrets of culture and art stimulate their motor, emotional, social, and intellectual development. Particular emphasis is placed on games created by the children themselves, which engage not only manipulative and verbal activities but also mental processes to a large extent. In addition to its educational and upbringing functions, the article also highlights the importance of the caring function. It emphasizes the necessity for educators and teachers to adhere to fundamental principles aimed at safeguarding children from excessive risks associated with all playful activities within educational and childcare facilities, as well as beyond them.
Infrared thermography as a potential non-invasive tool to study seasonal stress in late gestation Sahiwal cows and their neonate calves
Authors: UPADHYAY V R , ASHUTOSH  , SINGH N P , CHAWLA GAGAN , SHARMA RICHA , G S PANREIPHY
Published: March 2024

Stress triggers a multitude of physiological responses including alterations in surface temperature aimed at maintaining homeostasis of animal. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the comparative seasonal effect of thermal stress on body surface temperature during the critical period of late gestation and early life. For this, late gestational Sahiwal cows (n=48) were selected and categorized into four groups: natural heat stressed (NHS), cooling treated (CLT), spring and winter groups, and their neonate calves born in summer (IUHS-intra uterine heat stressed and IUCL-intra uterine cooled), spring and winter season. The thermal profile obtained from infrared thermography (IRT) showed a trend of surface temperature for each region examined over varied THI (temperature humidity index). Body surface temperature in NHS was significantly higher, followed by spring, CLT and least in winter group cows. Within the group, study revealed numerically high surface temperature of eye, front and udder on the day of parturition, while slightly lower temperature of flank portion. NHS, CLT and spring cows had non-significant variations in udder temperature. Insulation breakage from the legs at a colder temperature was observed. In neonates, significantly high surface temperature was observed in IUHS, followed by IUCL and spring calves, while significantly low surface temperature in winter calves. Thus, cooling treatment in the late gestation significantly lowered body surface temperature in both dams and calves. Further, it is also concluded that out of different anatomical regions, eye and feet temperature is the most reliable indicator for assessing seasonal stress with changing THI.
Lærerstudentenes erfaringer med trepartssamarbeid i oppstarten av arbeidet med FoU-oppgaven
Authors: Postholm May Britt , Jakhelln Rachel
Published: March 2024

Denne artikkelen retter oppmerksomheten mot lærerstudentenes arbeid med FoU-oppgaven i sitt 3. studieår. Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i en studie hvor kulturhistorisk aktivitetsteori (KHAT) var det teoretiske rammeverket, og hvor endringsverkstedet (change laboratory) var en sentral møteplass for lærerstudenter, lærerutdannere og praksislærere. Artikkelen svarer på følgende problemstilling: Hvordan erfarer studenter trepartssamarbeid i oppstarten av arbeidet med FoU-oppgaven? Det er oppstarten av arbeidet med FoU-oppgaven som er i fokus, og hvordan denne kan danne fundamentet for videre utvikling. Studien ble gjennomført som en kvalitativ kasusstudie, og dialoger fra de tre første endringsverkstedene i arbeidet, samt intervjuer relatert til disse endringsverkstedene, utgjør datamateriale for studien. Datamaterialet ble analysert ved hjelp av åpen koding slik den er beskrevet i den konstant komparative analysemetoden. Hovedkategoriene som ble utviklet i denne analyseprosessen var: «Erfaringer med tid­ligere praksisrettede oppgaver», «Felles planlegging for relevans i skole og i universi­tet» og «Studentenes rolle og erfarte utbytte». Studentene erfarte det som meningsfullt og motiverende å fokusere på områder som skolen hadde behov for å utvikle. Studentene har også erfart samarbeidet med praksislærere og lærerutdannere om FoU-oppgaven som meningsfullt og nyttig for dem som fremtidige lærere.
Den kuwaitiske klima(dis)kursen
Authors: Sviland Lisa
Published: March 2024

Kuwait står overfor et stadig mer pressende klimadilemma. På den ene siden utgjør klimaendringene en alvorlig trussel mot befolkningen på sikt, men på den andre siden er staten avhengig av inntektene fra oljeindustrien, noe som i sin tur bidrar til global oppvarming. Dilemmaet erkjennes i Kuwait fra offentlig hold, men myndighetene forblir passive i håndteringen av situasjonen.
GEÇ ANTİK ÇAĞ’DA PAGANİZMDEN HRİSTİYANLIĞA ÖLÜM ALGISI
Authors: Bilir Güzin
Published: March 2024

20. yüzyıldan itibaren tarih literatüründe yerini alan Geç Antik Çağ, Antik Çağ’dan Erken Orta Çağ’a geçişi tanımlayan modern bir terimdir. Tam anlamıyla bir geçiş dönemi olan Geç Antik Çağ’da, Roma İmparatorluğu yönetimindeki Anadolu’nun inanç sisteminde köklü değişiklikler olmuş, Pagan Roma İmparatorluk yönetimi Hristiyanlaşmaya başlamıştır. Bu makalenin konusunu, 3-7. yüzyıllarda Roma İmparatorluğu’nun değişen din yapısı ile bu dini yapısına uygun olarak, insanoğlunun değişen dünya görüşü ve ölüm algısı oluşturmaktadır. Ruhun bedenden ayrılması suretiyle kişinin maddi hayat kaynağını yitirmesi şeklinde tanımlanan ölüm ve ölüm sonrası hakkındaki algılama, inanış ve uygulamalar kültürden kültüre, devirden devire değişmektedir. Ölümü anlama ve anlamlandırma konusuna en önemli katkılar ise dini inançlardan gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda makalede, politeizmden monoteizme geçilen bu zaman aralığında, insanoğlunun ölüm algısı ve ölü gömme uygulamalarındaki değişimler veya benzerlikler karşılaştırmalı olarak verilip bir sentez ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada öncelikli olarak Yunan ve Roma Dönemlerindeki Pagan inancı ile tek tanrılı din olan Hristiyan inancındaki ölüm algısı sorgulanmaktadır. Bahsi geçen dönemdeki bu benzersiz ve büyük dinsel değişimin sonucunda 4. yüzyıla gelindiğinde imparatorluk sakinlerinin yarısından fazlası bu değişime ayak uydurmuştur. Paganizmden Hristiyanlığa geçiş hızlı gibi görünse de Pagan Yunan-Roma kültüründen ayrılış göründüğü kadar kolay olmamış, halkın her sınıfından insan grupları, eski alışkanlıklarına ve inançlarına tutunmakta ısrarcı davranmışlardır. Ölümü algılama, ölüme karşı takınılan tutum yeni dinin etkisinde değişmiş olsa da her iki inançtaki ölü gömme uygulamaları ve cenaze hazırlıklarında çok büyük değişimler olmadığı anlaşılmaktadır.
George Sclavunos (1869-1954): Anatomical Insights and his contribution into the “Magenstrasse of Waldeyer”
Authors: Verzoviti Ioanna , Saintanis Michail , Chrysikos Dimosthenis , Filippou Dimitrios , Schizas Dimitrios , Antonopoulos Ioannis K. , Troupis Theodore
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this article is to present a well-known physician and highlight his contribution into an essential, but neglected anatomical feature. George Sclavunos (1869-1954) was a 20th century Greek physician, whose scientific work was a significant milestone in global medical knowledge. In 1899 he became Professor of Anatomy and Head Director of the Department of Anatomy. In 1906 Sclavunos G. published the first volume of the three volume book “Human Anatomy” (1906-1926), which is characterized by its unparalleled illustrations. For more than a century it was the most important book of medical literature in Greece. In 1926 he became a Full Member of the Academy of Athens and was named Life Partner of the International Anatomi- cal Society. His interests included Anatomy, Physiology, Histology, as well as Osteology and Syndesmology. In his book “Human Anatomy”, he described for first time the “Sialine Groove of the Stomach”, which was described by Waldeyer-Hartz almost at the same time as the “Magenstrasse”, a German word that means “stomach road”. It is a ribbon-like path that extends along the lesser curvature of the stomach from the gastric cardia to the antrum and releases the gastric content directly into the small intestine. Its importance is confirmed by its association not only with drug delivery, but also with anti-obesity surgical techniques. The old German term has come back into common medical usage in view of the commonly performed Magenstrasse and Mill pro- cedure, a form of bariatric surgery.

Conclusion: Sclavunos G. managed to observe an anatomical structure that has remained of great importance until today.
Exploring the antinociceptive potential of homoeriodictyol in nociception models
Authors: Al-Bzour Manal H. , Bsieso Yousra , Gammoh Omar , Alqudah Mohammed , Qnais Esam Y. , Wedyan Mohammed , Alqudah Abdelrahim
Published: March 2024

Context: Homoeriodictyol is a flavonoid with known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties found in various plants. However, its potential analgesic effects have not been explored. Aims: To investigate the pain-relieving properties of homoeriodictyol using different mouse models of nociception. Methods: Various doses of homoeriodictyol (50, 100, 150, and 200 µg/kg) were administered to mice and evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the hot plate test, and the formalin-induced paw licking assay. These effects were compared with those of mice treated with acetylsalicylic acid or morphine, both with and without naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist. Additionally, capsaicin- and glutamate-induced paw-licking tests were conducted to assess the involvement of the vanilloid and glutamatergic systems, respectively. Results: Homoeriodictyol demonstrated a significant and dose-dependent reduction in nociceptive behavior in the acetic acid-induced writhing test, achieving a 52.4% inhibition at a dose of 200 µg/kg. It also substantially increased the latency period in response to the hot plate test (65.8% at 200 µg/kg) and significantly suppressed both the neurogenic and inflammatory phases in the formalin-induced paw-licking test. Notably, the effects of homoeriodictyol in the hot plate test and formalin-induced paw-licking test were significantly reversed by naloxone. Furthermore, homoeriodictyol effectively reduced neurogenic nociception induced by intraplantar injections of glutamate and capsaicin (57.8% and 76.9%, respectively, at a dose of 200 µg/kg). Conclusions: This study concludes that homoeriodictyol exhibits antinociceptive activity in mice, acting through both central and peripheral pathways.
Entre la producción y la especulación
Authors: Rossi Hugo Ariel
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las reestructuraciones que tuvieron lugar en los ingenios azucareros de la provincia de Salta en la década de 1990. Durante esos años, estas compañías, a pesar de la ayuda estatal, declararon sus quiebras y posteriormente fueron puestas en venta. Sin embargo, los dueños de las firmas resultaron beneficiados de estas transacciones, ya que previamente el Estado se hizo cargo de sus pasivos. Nuestro planteo es que estas reestructuraciones fueron parte de una estrategia de negocios por parte de sus propietarios que les permitió obtener ganancias al emplear sus empresas como activos para la especulación.
Harvard Medical School Global Mental Health: Trauma and Recovery Course: What is the Global Impact? Three Year’s Results
Authors: Mollica Richard , Muscettola Giovanni , Augusterfer Eugene , Qin Qiuyuan , Cai Fanny
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This paper describes and documents an innovative blended learning Global Mental Health: Trauma and Recovery certificate training course. This course combines a two-week face-to-face training in Orvieto, Italy with a five-month follow-up online virtual training as a learning experience for global health care practitioners. Continuing medical education (CME) accreditation is offered upon completion. This course utilized an innovative blended learning model with a community of practice approach, a combination of lectures and discussions, and online in-depth group case study discussions.
Methodology: Data was collected by self-reported anonymous evaluation by participants of three continuous years of the CME Global Mental Health: Trauma and Recovery certificate training course sponsored by Harvard Medical School. One hundred fifty-five participants (n= 39 in 2011; n = 57 in 2012; n=59 in 2013) underwent a pre- and post-course evaluation to determine sustained confidence in performing medical and psychiatric care to traumatized patients and communities, as well as to determine their learning of the Global Mental Health Action Plan (GMHAP).
Results: Over the course of three independent years, a total of 155 participants were evaluated. There was evidence for significant improvement in their confidence levels in all clinical areas (diagnosis; treatment of trauma; use of psychotropic medication) when comparing baseline to completion of the six-month course. All ten dimensions of the GMHAP and nine medical and psychiatric aspects of treatment revealed significant improvement in confidence levels. Regression analysis also indicated similar results after the adjustment of demographic covariates. Physicians and participants with mental health and social work background had significantly higher confidence. Participants who were MD’s or psychiatrists had higher confidence in most of the categories of confidence except for self-care, understanding culture, collaboration, and policy and financing. The model showed no difference in learning based upon gender and level of development of country of origin.
Conclusion: The evaluation of this blended learning CME program provides evidence of significant enhancement of clinical practice and planning skills in health care practitioners working with highly traumatized patients and communities worldwide. This successful training over the past 18 years has gone far to achieve the health and mental health capacity building as requested by the Ministers of Health from post-conflict societies in the historic Rome meeting in 2004.
Marine Resources for Marine-Derived Drugs: A Review
Authors: Supanekar Santosh P. , Naik Mayur S. , Sarwade Varun V.
Published: March 2024

The oceans are the world’s most important sources of biological activity, water, and biomass production. They supply food, oxygen, and other natural products critical for human existence, and interactions between the oceans and the climate. The oceans serve as the world’s greatest reservoir of biodiversity, including marine mammals, fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and countless species of zoophytoplankton. The ocean is a key source of organisms that are beginning to provide new and potent drugs for the treatment of human disease, as well as new products that use in biotechnology. Ocean can support human health, through providing new sources of drugs to treat human disease. Bioactive metabolites derived from marine organisms provide a rich source of chemical diversity that can contribute to design and development of new and potentially useful pharmaceutical agents. The marine ecosystem possesses efficient pharmaceutical materials to identify, isolate and characterize new compounds suitable for therapeutic purposes. Marine sponges, tunicates, fishes, soft corals, nudibranchs, sea hares, molluscs, echinoderms, bryozoans, prawns, shells, sea slugs, and marine microorganisms are sources of bioactive compounds. The current review is designed to collate all currently available data about the marine drugs with respect to sources, classification, chemical classes, metabolites of marine algae, fungi, bacteria and invertebrates, techniques for separation and isolation, and examples. This review aims to provide a holistic, multidisciplinary account of the current state of affairs on this topic.
KIYAMET GÜNÜ AMELLERİN SORGULANMAYACAĞINI VE TARTILMAYACAĞINI HABER VEREN AYETLERDE GÖRÜLEN İŞKÂL
Authors: Yüksel Mukadder Arif
Published: March 2024

Biz bu çalışmada Müşkilü’l-Kur’an bağlamında anlamında işkâl tespiti yapılan “Suçlulara günahları sorulmayacak.” mealindeki ayetleri ve “Kıyamet günü onlar için terazi kurmayız.” meâlindeki ayeti, ayetlerin bağlamı ve tefsir kaynaklarında bu ayetlerle ilgili zikredilen rivayetler çerçevesinde açıklığa kavuşturmayı amaçladık. Yaptığımız incelemede, kıyamet günü ‘suçlulara günahlarının sorulmayacağı’ beyanıyla, işlenen suçların sabit olması ve Allah tarafından zaten biliniyor olması sebebiyle, suç ve suçlu tespiti yapılmayacağı, suçlulardan ayrıca günahın işlenişiyle ilgili bir açıklama istenmeyeceği ve bu konuda hiçbir mazeret kabul edilmeyeceği, amellerin tartılmayacağı beyanıyla da kötü işlerin Allah katında hiçbir kıymetinin olmadığı ve hesaba katmaya değer bulunmadığı hususunun kastedildiği anlaşılmaktadır.
Satisfaction Level Spiritual Care of Coronary Heart Disease Patients Using Spiritual Assessment Tool
Authors: Wisuda Aris Citra , Sansuwito Tukimin bin , Suraya Citra , Rusmarita
Published: March 2024

with using application of Spiritual Assessment Tool. This type of research is descriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. results In this study, it is known that the age of the respondents is mostly in the age range of (>35 Year old age), which is as much as 81.8%.  Most of the patient education is low education which is as much as 72.7%. Patient Satisfaction Spiritual Care in the pre-test is known to be mostly stated as not satisfied, as much as 68.2%, and in the post-test, Patient Satisfaction Spiritual Care experienced a change in that the patient stated that he was satisfied as much as 90.9%. In conclusion, spiritual care can increase patient satisfaction, especially coronary heart disease sufferers at Siti Khadijah Islamic Hospital, Palembang in 2023.
Enhancing Quality of Life: Murottal Spiritual Care for Reducing Anxiety and Depression in Coronary Heart Disease Patients - A Holistic Systematic Review
Authors: Wisuda Aris Citra , Sansuwito Tukimin bin , Suraya Citra
Published: March 2024

Coronary heart disease is a chronic condition that can induce physiological and psychological changes in patients. One of the potential impacts is anxiety and depression related to the disease's progression. Patients undergoing procedures such as heart bypass often experience anxiety and depression due to various factors, particularly fear and a declining physical condition. Therefore, patients require therapy to alleviate anxiety and depression, promoting positive perceptions and relaxation to enhance their quality of life. Murottal therapy involves listening to the recitation of holy verses from the Quran, providing comfort and calmness to the patient. This research aims to assess the effectiveness of murotal therapy with Ar Rahman in addressing anxiety and depression in patients with coronary heart disease. The research methodology employed is a Literature Review, encompassing International Journals and National Journals published from 2018 to 2023. Literature was collected using Google Scholar and Pubmed databases with the keywords: Coronary Heart Disease, Anxiety, Depression, Murottal Ar-Rahman Therapy. The search yielded 317 articles based on the specified keywords. After filtering through predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 articles, comprising 6 National Journals and 1 International Journals, were reviewed. The results indicate that Ar Rahman murottal therapy can effectively reduce levels of anxiety and depression in patients with Coronary Heart Disease.
The role of supply chain practices on sustainability performance in the pharmaceutical sector: a case from developing economy
Authors:   Iqra University, Pakistan, Habib Hira
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to broadly identify the sustainable influence of green practices to cope with the problems caused by pharmaceutical manufacturing, purchasing and distribution, which have insignificant effects on the environment, well-being, animals, ocean, and water; in this regard, the significance of the supply chain practices on sustainable performance examined. In this quantitative study, the researcher will use a cross-sectional research design and a structured questionnaire for data collection to find out the research problem from professionals of supply chain managers. In this study, a random sampling technique will be considered to get the actual data from the experience of supply chain managers. The research scope is limited to the Karachi region to discover Supply Chain Practices on Sustainability performance in the Pharmaceutical Sector in Karachi. Thereby potentially restricting generalizability. The findings are based on a sample of 105 pharmaceutical companies in Karachi.
Implementation of Human Resources Management in Efforts to Improve the Performance of Tax Instructors
Authors: Yakin Ipa Hafsiah
Published: March 2024

This research aims to investigate and analyze the implementation of human resource management (HR) to improve the performance of tax instructors at the Directorate General of Taxes. HR management is essential in creating a work environment that supports employee productivity and motivation, especially in the tax sector. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research results show that effective implementation of Human Resources Management (HRM) at the Directorate General of Taxes (DJP) has positively impacted the performance of Tax Instructors. Skills development strategies, reward and recognition systems, communication facilitation, and technology integration have formed a supportive and dynamic work environment. Tax Counselors, as the main link between tax regulations and public understanding, can provide more effective counseling services. Apart from that, the policy of balancing work and personal life also contributes to the welfare of Tax Instructors. Thus, the research results confirm that HRM encourages increased individual performance and creates a solid foundation for achieving broader and sustainable tax education goals.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE CONTAINERS: UM CONTEXTO HISTÓRICO
Authors: FREIRE COSTA GISELE MARIA , DOS SANTOS CLAYTON EDUARDO
Published: March 2024

A implantação de datacenters em infraestrutura própria, também denominada onpremises,requer investimentos de grande vulto — classificados como CapEx ouCapital Expenditure já no início das operações. Alternativas ao modelo deinfraestrutura on-premises têm sido a cada dia mais utilizadas no cotidiano dasempresas, em especial a computação em nuvem. Independentemente da tecnologiautilizada na implantação da infraestrutura — on-premises, em nuvem ou híbrida, asfragilidades permanecem semelhantes, tendo em vista que os serviços básicosutilizados são os mesmos: computação, armazenamento e transferência de dados. Atecnologia de virtualização de servidores está enraizada em grande parte dasempresas com alguma relação ao segmento de tecnologia da informação. Apesar derelevante e plenamente funcional, sua adoção em ambientes de produção onde a altadisponibilidade e a elasticidade eventualmente venham a ser as regras de negóciomais importantes, é questionável no que se refere a performance, manutenção epadronização de ambientes. Nesse sentido, a utilização de containers apresentavantagens relevantes em todos os aspectos supracitados. A proposta do presentetrabalho é apresentar um contexto histórico de modo a demonstrar a utilização decontainers como uma alternativa viável para substituir, de modo significativo, soluçõestradicionalmente baseadas em virtualização.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NOS TRABALHOS DE AUDITORIA INDEPENDENTE
Authors: KEOCHEGUERIAN IVAN BARBOSA , MARTINS VIDIGAL FERNANDES
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo evidenciar as vantagens da implantação daInteligência Artificial nas diversas fases da auditoria independente no Brasil, a partirda literatura já produzida sobre o tema. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa,exploratória e bibliográfica, buscou-se em publicações internacionais e nacionaisinformações relevantes quanto a implantação e uso de sistemas de InteligênciaArtificial em processos de Auditoria. Dentre os benefícios percebidos, listam-se acapacidade da IA em contribuir para a celeridade da mineração de dados, análise deBig Data, automatização de tarefas repetitivas, digitalização de processos, além daalgoritmização do planejamento da auditoria, por meio do machine learning. Outrascorrentes de autores construíram modelos capazes de detectar fraudes em empresas,inclusive prevendo fraudes em anos subsequentes, por meio de dados históricos,discriminando as empresas fraudulentas da não fraudulentas por meio do suportmachine-vector. Quanto a capacidade de tomada de decisões por meio do machinelearning, ainda há ressalvas, como a questão ética nessas decisões. Concluiu-se,porém, que os benefícios superam os possíveis problemas, sendo importante suaimplantação especialmente para agilidade dos processos.