bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penapisan Senyawa Bioaktif Antimikroba dari Ekstrak Campuran Daun Inggu (Ruta angustifolia L.) dan Bakteri Endofit Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91 sebagai Sediaan Oral Nutraceutical
Authors: Kurniawan Mohammad Ananda Reza , Pratiwi Rina Hidayati , Susanti Fika Arie
Published: March 2023

The oral cavity as a passageway for various types of substances can be a nesting place for various types of microbes that can cause microbial infections, including candidiasis. Inggu leaf extract and extract of the endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas azotoformans in previous studies have shown the resulting antimicrobial activity. The aim of the study was to screen for antimicrobial bioactive compounds from inggu leaf extract and endophytic bacteria as nutraceutical oral preparations. A mouthwash formulation was made with the addition of crude extract of inggu leaves and pure extract of the endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas azotoformans as antimicrobial agents. The method used is laboratory experimental. The formulation was made by adding the crude extract of inggu leaves and pure extract of the endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas azotoformans and divided into 3 formulations A, B, and C with a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 respectively. The results showed that each mouthwash preparation had an inhibition zone on preparations A, B and C, which were 8.55 mm; 8.55mm; and 9.53mm. The normality test result for each preparation was 0.05. The homogeneity test results obtained a significance value of 0.074 (p > 0.05). The results of the one way ANOVA test found a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05), there was a significant difference in the variation in the concentration of the mouthwash formula in inhibiting the growth of the Candida albicans fungus. The inhibition zone formed indicated the presence of antimicrobial activity from the mouthwash and all formulas were included in the moderate criteria according to the Davis & Stout method. All preparations are homogeneous because there is no precipitate, have the dominant smell and color of inggu leaves, and have a sweet taste that is slightly mixed with bitter and spicy from inggu leaves.
Analisa Total Bakteri Salmonella spp. pada Produk Ikan Cakalang Asap yang Dijual pada Beberapa Pasar di Kota Ambon
Authors: Tuhumury Fiyogi Derandy Alfarego , Kaihena Martha , Seumahu Cecelia Anna
Published: March 2023

Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) is one of the dominant capture fisheries products in Maluku. This is supported by the geographical location of the Maluku Islands which are surrounded by the sea. Bacteria are often found in traditional processed fishery products such as smoking fish. This study aims to determine the total bacteria Salmonella spp. and differences in the abundance of Salmonella spp. on smoked skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) products sold in several markets in Ambon City. This research is an experimental research. The research was carried out by taking samples with a total of 5 samples from the people's market location, and bacterial calculations were carried out using a dilution technique. Bacteria that have been obtained from the dilution results, then isolated using the quadrant scratch method technique on SSA media (Salmonella Shigela Agar). Bacterial biochemical tests, including: indole test, Methyl-Red test, Voges Proskauer test, citrate test, and Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA) test, and gram staining were performed to confirm/identify the isolated bacteria. The results showed that smoked skipjack sold at Mardika Market was identified as having the total number of Salmonella spp. respectively 6700 CFU/ml and 8400 CFU/ml. The total number of Salmonella spp. on smoked skipjack at Mardika market is different from the results of the calculation of the total bacteria of smoked skipjack sold in modern markets and small hative markets, which did not identify any Salmonella spp bacteria contamination.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli
Authors: Niken Niken , Yusuf Rahmi Novita , Annita Annita
Published: March 2023

Diarrhea is a disease that causes sufferers to have frequent bowel movements with watery or watery stools. One of the causes of diarrhea is Escherichia coli bacteria. One of the plants that has been used as an antidiarrheal is guava (Psidium guajava L.), especially the leaves. Guava leaves are known to contain phytochemicals, namely: tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and essential oils which function as antibacterials. This study aims to determine whether guava leaf extract can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. This research is a laboratory experimental study using the paper disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). The sample used was Escherichia coli bacteria obtained from stool samples of diarrhea patients aged 8-12 years at the Nanggalo Health Center, Padang City, West Sumatra Province. The concentrations used in this study were 10%, 15%, 20%, and positive control for amoxicillin and negative control for distilled water. The results showed that the phytochemical test results for flavonoids, tannins and saponins, and alkaloids were positive. The antibacterial activity of guava leaf extract was shown to have inhibition against Escherichia coli bacteria with an average concentration of 10% with a diameter of 10.7 mm (strong), 15% with a diameter of 13.3 mm (strong), and 20% with a diameter of 17 mm (strong). ), 13 mm amoxicillin positive control, and 0 mm negative control. The results of the ANOVA test showed a value of p = 0.000 (sig. <0.05) that there was a significant difference between all treatments with a positive control. It can be concluded that guava leaf extract effectively inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria, this is because the diameter of the extract inhibition zone is larger than the positive control.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) terhadap Histologi Hepar Tikus Pasca Diinduksi Thioacetamide (TAA)
Authors: Utami Eva Tyas , Aqlina Dewi Syaibatul , Fajariyah Susantin , Mahriani Mahriani
Published: March 2023

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizome contains antioxidant compounds that can prevent damage to the liver. Thioacetamide (TAA) is an organosulfur compound in the form of crystals and is widely used as a fungicide and organic solvent in the textile, leather and paper industries, as well as being used as a motor fuel stabilizer. Continuous exposure to TAA compounds can cause hepatocyte damage in the form of parenchymatous degeneration and necrosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizome extract on the histological appearance of the rat (Rattus norvegicus) liver after being induced by TAA. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 24 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were divided into 4 groups, namely: K- (no treatment), K+ (TAA induced 200 mg/kg BW), D1 (TAA induced 200 mg/kg BW + administration of turmeric rhizome extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW), and D2 (TAA induction of 200 mg/kg BW + turmeric rhizome extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW). TAA induction was carried out intraperitoneally, while administration of turmeric rhizome extract was carried out by gavage. Preparation of liver histology preparations using the paraffin method and Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining to see liver damage including parenchymatous degeneration and necrosis. The results showed that administration of turmeric rhizome extract doses of 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW had a significant effect on decreasing the average number of hepatocytes undergoing parenchymatous degeneration and necrosis after being induced by TAA at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW.
Pemanfaatan Paket Genetika dalam Pembelajaran Pewarisan Sifat untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Ilhamsyah Eddy
Published: March 2023

This research is a classroom action research that takes place in 2 (two) cycles, with the aim of knowing whether the use of the genetics package can increase the motivation and learning outcomes of class IX.1 students of SMP Negeri 1 Wawo, Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Data were collected with pre-test post-test instruments, student activity observation sheets, and student opinion response questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. Data presentation is done in the form of frequency distribution tables and group explanations through mean, median, standard deviation, and percentage. The results of the post-test data analysis in cycle I number of students who completed were 19 students (79.16%), and those who had not completed were 5 students (20.83%) with an average score of 74.44. In cycle II the number of students who completed were 21 students (87.50%), and those who had not completed were 3 students (12.50%) with an average score of 76.46. This means that it has exceeded the minimum completeness criteria that have been set classically, namely 85% with an average value of 75.00. The results of the analysis of student motivation data in cycle I average score of attention during learning was 83.25 (very good), asking or expressing opinions was 71.25 (good), and participation in study groups was 82.25 (very good), with an average score -average 78.91 (very good). In cycle II, the average score of attention during learning was 85.67 (very good), asking questions or expressing opinions was 71 (good), and collaboration with peers/participation in study groups was 81 (very good), with an average score of 79 .22 (very good). Based on the results of the data analysis, it can be concluded that the genetic package can increase the motivation and learning outcomes of class IX.1 students of SMP Negeri 1 Wawo in learning about inheritance.
Deskripsi Morfologi Penyakit pada Batang Buah Naga (Hylocereus sp.) dan Pengendaliannya Menggunakan Pestisida Nabati dari Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus)
Authors: Oktaviani Indah , Putri Ayu Octavia Tanjung , Pebina Mesita Dwi
Published: March 2023

Dragon fruit (Hylocereus sp.) is a plant introduced from America and started to be cultivated in several areas in Indonesia. The high consumer demand is one reason to increase dragon fruit production. However, during the growth period, dragon fruit plant stems are at high risk for disease. This study aims to describe the stem morphology of dragon fruit plants that are attacked by disease and to determine the effect of vegetable pesticides from Lemongrass Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus) in the cultivation area of the Lampung Province Agricultural Training Center (BPP). The research was divided into two stages, namely field observations using survey methods, and testing the application of vegetable pesticides on diseased plants. Observations made in the first stage included: stem morphological symptoms, disease attack frequency (FS), and disease attack intensity (IS). Observations on stem morphology showed that there were eight types of disease with different symptoms and causes, with an attack frequency of up to 100%. The highest percentage of disease attack intensity was caused by anthracnose (56.7%), and the lowest was brown rot (13.4%). Disease control trials using botanical pesticides were carried out on three diseases that attack almost all individual dragon fruit plants, namely: anthracnose, mosaic, and stem rot. The results showed a decrease in attack intensity on stem rot, mosaic, and anthracnose after four weeks of pesticide spraying.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Akar Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Makaborang Yohana
Published: March 2023

One of the infectious and deadly human diseases caused by bacteria is cholera or acute diarrhea, caused by Vibrio cholerae. This disease is very dangerous and needs to be treated properly and quickly. This study aims to determine the anti-bacterial activity of noni root extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) on the growth of Vibrio cholerae. This type of experimental research uses a completely randomized design (CRD). The data collected in this study was the diameter of the inhibition zone measured from each treatment. The results of the ANOVA test showed that the noni root extract tested on Vibrio cholerae after being analyzed, obtained Fcount > Ftable, namely 53.929 > 3.48. Noni root extract has inhibitory power against the growth of Vibrio cholerae. The results of this study proved that the diffusion method used showed good results, which was indicated by the presence of inhibition zones in all five treatments (5%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 50%). The best treatment was at a concentration of 50% with an inhibition zone diameter of 28.66 mm.
Struktur Komunitas Lichenes di Kawasan Gunung Galunggung Berdasarkan Indeks Ekologi
Authors: Nuralamsyah Muhamad , Hernawati Diana , Putra Rinaldi Rizal
Published: March 2023

Lichenes are a symbiosis between fungi and algae which usually grow on rock surfaces, rotting logs, and trees. This research is to determine the community structure of Lichenes in the Mount Galunggung Region based on ecological indexes. The research method was carried out in a descriptive exploratory survey technique, where the area taken from each station was 300 m. The areas that are the research stations are the Crater Area, Batu Blek Waterfall, and Cipanas Waterfall. The number of Lichenes found consisted of 4 classes, 9 orders, 13 families, 16 genera and 17 species of Lichenes, including station 1 (Crater Area) there were 10 species with the highest number of individuals found in the species Graphis sp. namely 669 individuals (63%). Station 2 (Curug Batu Blek) there are 6 species with the highest number of individuals found in the species Graphis sp. namely 412 individuals (59%). Station 3 (Curug Cipanas) there were 6 species with the highest number of individuals found in the species Cryptothecia striata, amounting to 637 individuals (34%). The average value of the diversity index was 1.20 which included the medium category, the evenness index value was 0.62 which included the high category, the species richness index value was 0.91 which included the low category, the species dominance index value was 0.39 which included the medium category. The environmental parameters include chemical factors (pH) and physical factors (temperature, light intensity, humidity, type of substrate, and altitude).
Penerapan Project Based Learning dalam Praktikum Teknologi Fermentasi di Sekolah Vokasi Institut Pertanian Bogor
Authors: Anggarkasih Made Gayatri , Fatimah Ai Imas Faidoh
Published: March 2023

Fermentation technology is one of the subjects in the Food Quality Assurance Supervisor Study Program (SJMP), Vocational School, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) which is given to semester IV students. Prior to the 2021/2022 academic year, practicum activities were carried out using the teacher centered method using practicum instructions in the form of modules prepared by lecturers, students only followed the modules and were not involved in practicum planning and designing experiments. Through this method, students are not given the opportunity to learn to think critically, creatively, and innovate. One way to optimize the achievement of learning outcomes is to apply the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model. The research was carried out using a one-shot case study method and a descriptive approach to 111 students of the Food Quality Assurance Supervisor Study Program in semester IV. The application of Project Based Learning in the fermentation technology course produces innovative products as project outputs, namely cinnamon yoghurt salad, cowpea tempeh nuggets, red gingerbread, sundubu jjigae with radish-based kimchi, steamed cakes of red dragon glutinous rice tape, braid donuts with fruit glaze Dragon, Dimsum Tempe Bogor Beans, and Frozen Sweet Corn Green Bean Yogurt. Of the 8 products, the panelists liked the red dragon skin glutinous tape steamed sponge cake the most (7.50), so it has the potential to be developed further, while the least preferred product was dimsum tempeh Bogor kacang (4.93). Based on the results of the questionnaire, 100% of students felt that Project Based Learning was effectively applied to fermentation technology courses, could increase motivation and interest in learning, and made it easier for students to understand the material. In addition, 99% of students feel optimistic about achieving competence in the field of food quality assurance, especially controlling fermented food production according to established competency standards, improving design skills and soft skills including teamwork, problem solving, and analytical skills.
Hicrî İlk İki Asırdaki Müfessirlerin Hz. Peygamber’e Mahsus Ayetleri Anlama Usûlü
Authors: TEKİN Akile
Published: March 2023

Kur’an-ı Kerim ayetlerinin nüzulünde vahyin tamamının ilk muhatap ve mükellefi Hz. Peygamber’dir. Vahiy lafızlarının zahirinde açıkça görülen unsurlar dikkate alındığında Hz. Peygamber’e mahsus ifadelerde mükellefiyet açısından diğer insanların durumu ve bu ayetlerin hükmen işlevselliği İslami ilimler literatüründe tartışılan bir konudur. Bu araştırmada nüzul döneminde Hz. Peygamber’le birlikte Kur’an’ın muhatapları olan sahabe ve nüzul sonrası ilk iki asır müfessirleri tarafından, lafzında doğrudan Hz. Peygamber’e mahsus bir ifade ya da hadiseyi konu edinen ayetlerin nasıl anlaşıldığını tespit etmek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda ele alınacak konular, örnek ayetlerle sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu makalede müfessir tabakâtlarına yer veren eserlerden tespit edilen ya da kendisinden tefsir rivayeti aktarılan ravilerin tamamına müfessir kimliğiyle yer verilmiştir. Araştırmamızda, hicrî ilk iki asırda ilgili ayet hususunda ulaşılabilen görüşler, müstakil olarak telif edilen ve günümüzde erişilebilen tefsir eserlerinden, yalnızca ilk ulaşılan eser referans gösterilerek nakledilmiştir. İncelemenin hicrî ilk iki asırla sınırlandırılmasının bir sonucu olarak, müfessirlerin görüşleri tefsir-tevil ayrımı konu edilmeksizin ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak elde edilen veriler çerçevesinde bir tefsir ya da tevil usûlünden bahsedilip bahsedilemeyeceği tartışılmıştır.
Badania archeologiczne na terenie założenia w 2016 r. i prace dokumentacyjne w 2022 r. / Archaeological research at the site from 2016 and documentation work in 2022
Authors: Kałagate Sławomir , Michalak Arkadiusz
Published: March 2023

The rescue archaeology project carried out in November 2016 was a aftermath of the illegal earthworks that led to the destruction of cultural layers of the Lubrza stronghold (site 39) and exposure of the foundations of the knight’s stone tower (motte-and-bailey castle). The initial goal was to determine and document the damage; however, the shocking scale of the destruction that was found called for further research and conservation recommendations. A rich collection of loose historical material was also obtained, and the Lubuskie Province Heritage Protection Office requested access to the monument for the conducting of non-invasive documentary research of the site in Lubrza, including a 3-D scan, aerial photography, photogrammetry, and architectural analysis. This article summarizes the initial stage of very limited research work on the tower in Lubrza. Despite the mentioned limitations, material obtained up to date became a basis for many thought-provoking research conclusions. For this reason, the study should become the starting point for further multi-faceted, interdisciplinary research.
Wieża w Lubrzy w świetle badań architektonicznych oraz jej tło stylistyczno-architektoniczne na przełomie XIII i XIV w. / The Lubrza tower in light of architectural research and its stylistic and architectural background at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries
Authors: Legendziewicz Andrzej
Published: March 2023

The subject of this article is an attempt to document the relics of the walls of the knight’s motte-and-bailey castle in Lubrza (Świebodzin District). The oldest information about the village comes from 1246, while the castle appears in several documents drafted between 1304 and 1330. Modest source records and vestigially preserved perimeter walls greatly limit the possibility of proper dating of the building. Based on the analysis of the broad architectural background of Silesia, the main formal and stylistic traits typical of a medieval motte-and-bailey castle were identified at Lubrza. This comparative material allowed for a very general setting of the tower construction in Lubrza in the first half of the 14th century.
Przedmioty związane z zajęciami mieszkańców / Items related to activities of residents
Authors: Michalak Arkadiusz
Published: March 2023

Metal objects related to daily life and work that have been excavated in Lubrza, offer a glimpse at the typical activities of inhabitants of the medieval tower castle. Items related to kitchen activities have been recovered, such as fragments of tripod cooking cauldrons, along with personal equipment of everyday use (knives, crampons, fire steel), carpentry tools (auger, hammer), agricultural tools (sickles, harrow teeth), and probably furrier tools (awl). The whetstone discovered at the site could be used for care and maintenance of tools with cutting edges.
Epilog dziejów założenia w Lubrzy. Nowożytne zabytki odkryte na jego terenie / An epilogue to the history of the foundation in Lubrza. Modern artefacts discovered in its area
Authors: Stachowiak Paweł
Published: March 2023

The article describes objects related to land use in the period when the residential part of the tower castle no longer existed. These items can be divided into several categories: coins, ornaments, shoe fragments, military items, toys, and clock components. The analysis of the discussed collection can be viewed as a contribution to a better understanding of the material culture of Lubrza townspeople of the modern period. It allows us to remark on several details for which we find only limited accounts in the written sources. Despite the scarcity of the collection, a strong militarization of Prussian society is clearly visible, as well as the receptiveness toward fashionable trends in a provincial region. Lead figurines of soldiers, which gained popularity in western societies in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, may serve as an example. As such, they make an excellent source for analyzing war activities through non-military narratives.
Growth Strategy Preferences of Turkish Tramp Shipping Companies: A Qualitative Research
Authors: AKMAN DURGUT İpek , DENKTAŞ ŞAKAR Gül
Published: March 2023

Tramp shipping has played an important role in world seaborne trade since the 19th century. Shipowner companies operating in tramp shipping, which is a mean of maritime transport associated with bulk cargoes that make up three-quarters of all maritime trade, also provide an important economic power to the sector. These shipowners need to grow by making profitable investments in order to survive and maintain their competitive advantage in such a dynamic and competitive market. Based on this, in the exploratory study, fifteen interviews were made with the managers of the fifteen shipowner companies operating in the field of tramp shipping sector, and their opinions were taken about the concept of growth, growth in terms of quality-quantity, the reasons for growth, the factors considered, and the problems encountered in growth process. The data obtained as a result of the interviews were analysed with MAXQDA 2020, a computer-aided qualitative data analysis program. According to the results of the research, it has been determined that the shipowner companies mostly grow by expanding their fleet; market conditions and economic situation of maritime sector play an important role in the decision to grow, and financing, economic crises and government policies and laws are barriers to growth.
Quality Changes of European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Stored Under Refrigerated Conditions at 2±1°C
Authors: GENÇ İsmail Yüksel , BAHRİOĞLU Ergi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine microbiological, sensory and color changes of whole European eel (Anguilla anguilla) aerobically stored at 2.00±1.00°C for 19 days. Samples were analyzed with periodical intervals in terms of Total Mesophilic Aerobic Bacteria (TMAB), Total Psychrophilic Aerobic Bacteria (TPAB), Psedumonas sp. and Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). For the sensory analysis, samples were evaluated to describe the changes in skin color and mucus, eyes shape and clarity, texture and odor. Description of color changes consisted of L*, a*, b*, ∆E, chroma and hue angle during the storage period. The count of TMAB, TPAB, Pseudomonas sp. and LAB were found to be 1.53±0.08; 1.08±0.12; 1.15±0.21 and 1.15±0.21 log cfu/g, respectively. Significant differences were not found for the first 2 days of the storage for any microbiological parameters (p>0.05). At the end of the storage time, the counts of microorganisms were significantly increased (p<0.05) and reached 8.08±0.65; 7.56±0.08; 7.53±0.76; 2.80±0.14 log cfu/g, respectively. In terms of sensory changes whole European eel samples were resulted unacceptable for consumption after 13 days of storage with an 8.20±0.83 sensory score while 9.75±0.95 was the highest score for the samples on day 19th. The changes in the color of the samples were significant on the first and 5th days of storage (p<0.05). ∆E, L* and b* values were significantly increased (p<0.05) while chroma and a values were decreased on day 5. Overall results for this study are proving that Pseudomonas sp. could be the indicator microorganism that could be used to determine the shelf life of European eel together with the sensory analysis, linear correlation with storage time was not obtained for ∆E or any other color parameters and whole European eel could be stored at 2.00°C for 13 days based on sensory and microbiological quality changes.
Fish Spoilage Classification Based on Color Distribution Analysis of Eye Images
Authors: CENGİZLER Caglar
Published: March 2023

Fish contains many nutrients beneficial to human health, which makes fish an essential component of a healthy diet. Omega-3 fatty acids, primarily found in fresh fish, can play a critical role in protecting heart and brain health. Freshness is one of the most important quality criteria of the fish to be selected for consumption. It is known that there may be pathogenic bacteria and toxins to human health in fish that are not stored in the right conditions and transferred by wrong logistics methods. One of the widely used approaches for evaluating the freshness of fish is sensory, which would be highly subjective and error-prone. Moreover, sensory analysis is widespread and one of the fastest approaches for evaluating large quantities of fish. At that point, a computer-aided diagnostic system can accelerate the evaluation of the degree of spoilage, reduce the human resources required for this task, and minimize the possibility of spoiled fish consumption. In this study, a fully automated freshness assessment mechanism based on the analysis of digital eye images of fish is proposed. Accordingly, the unsupervised clustering approach was used for feature extraction, and each image was divided into three regions according to their color distribution. The freshness was evaluated according to the intensity difference between these clusters. The results show that the proposed feature extraction approach is highly distinctive for the discrimination of spoilage and can be used to distinguish fresh fish from spoiled fish using machine learning methods without supervision.
Systematization of orders in the field of industrial property
Authors: Tverezenko Olena
Published: March 2023

Keywords: intellectual property, order, normative legal act, subordinate normativelegal act, systematization, industrial property

The article substantiates the expediency of systematizing not only legislative acts,but also bylaws and regulations, in particular orders.Based on the analysis of orders in the field of industrial property, the author establishedthat:1) most of the orders were adopted in 2001-2002, most of the latest changes to theorders were adopted in 2011. The vast majority of orders do not comply with theprovisions of current laws of Ukraine in the field of industrial property and do notconsider the requirements of EU legislation and the Association Agreement

2) the instruction on the procedure for issuing a Ukrainian patent for an inventionprotected by a USSR copyright certificate has lost its relevance, the deadline forsubmitting applications for a Ukrainian patent for an invention protected by aUSSR certificate has expired. Considering the indication, the author proposes torecognize this order as invalid;3) in 2005, a partial systematization took place, namely the consolidation of the ordersrelated to the inspection of any person with the materials of an applicationfor an object of intellectual property rights. The result of such consolidation wasthe adoption of one order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine,which combined 4 orders with a similar subject of legal regulation;4) currently, 26 orders are in force in the industrial sphere of ownership, 13 of whichrelate to the maintenance of state registers in this field. To unify the requirementsfor maintaining these registers and optimize law enforcement, the authorproposes to develop and adopt a single order on the Procedure for maintainingstate registers in the field of industrial property.
Client base as an intangible asset
Authors: Panfiorova Larysa
Published: March 2023

Keywords: intellectual capital, goodwill, customer base, intangible asset, identifiableassets, unidentified assets, database, trade secret

In the article, the author raises questions about one of the important components of the company's intellectual capital, which determines the company's competitiveness — the «customer base». Such an asset,according to domestic legislation, is not recognized as an intangible asset. Internationalstatistics of merger agreements (unification) of companies determine that this asset accountsfor the largest share of the value of the entire agreement. In this regard, theanalysis of the concept of «customer base», the identification of features of accountingand evaluation of the «customer base» for reporting purposes. Moreover, the study of acceptableevaluation methods in practice are tasks that are extremely relevant both fordomestic companies participating in integration processes, and for evaluators performingwork on the evaluation of relevant intangible assets.The article analyses the definition of the term «intellectual capital» and its constituentpart — the «client base» of the enterprise. The author conducted a study of theeconomic and legal tools for defining the «customer base» as an intangible asset of the enterprise.Within the scope of the research, the legislative acts defining the requirementsfor the «customer base» as an object of intellectual property rights, namely commercialsecrets and databases, were analysed. The requirements that the «customer base» mustmeet as an intangible asset within the limits of Ukrainian and international legislation,as well as the peculiarities of accounting and evaluation of the «customer base» of the enterprise,are determined. The author has defined the problems in the issue of scientificsubstantiation at the legislative level of the term «customer base», as well as its definitionas an intangible asset of the enterprise and the object of assessment. The author emphasizesthat this direction of methodical work has an actual trend, with the aim of harmonizingthe provisions of national and international legislation.
Towards standardizing basophil identification by flow cytometry
Authors: Sonder Soren Ulrik , Plassmeyer Matthew , Loizou Denise , Alpan Oral
Published: March 2023

Background

Basophils normally make up <2% of the white blood cells (WBC). There is no clear consensus for basophil identification by flow cytometry. The increased demand for basophil activation test (BAT) to identifying and monitoring allergic patients highlights the need for a standardized approach to identify basophils.

Methods

Using flow cytometry we analyzed whole blood stained with antibodies against: IgE, CD123, CD193, CD203c, CD3, HLADR, FcɛRI, CRTH2 and CD45. We examined unstimulated blood as well as blood stimulated with Anti-IgE and fMLP. Finally, we compared the results to a complete blood count (CBC) from an FDA approved hematological analyzer.

Results

Basophil identification relying on just one surface marker performed worse than approaches utilizing two identification markers. The percentage of basophils from WBC determined by flow cytometry results had a good correlation with the CBC results even though the CBC results were generally higher. Stimulating whole blood with the basophil activators did not interfere with the basophil identification markers.

Conclusion

In flow cytometry assays, two surface markers should be used for identifying basophils and if a very pure basophil fraction is desired a third marker can be considered. In our hands the approaches that included CD123 in combination with either CD193, HLADRnegative or FcɛRI performed the best.
Recent advances in 2D material-based phototherapy
Authors: Tan Yi , Khan Haider Mohammed , Sheikh Bilal Ahmed , Sun Huan , Zhang Hui , Chen Jie , Huang Dingming , Chen Xinmei , Zhou Changchun , Sun Jianxun
Published: March 2023

Phototherapy, which generally refers to photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), has received significant attention over the past few years since it is non-invasive, has effective selectivity, and has few side effects. As a result, it has become a promising alternative to traditional clinical treatments. At present, two-dimensional materials (2D materials) have proven to be at the forefront of the development of advanced nanomaterials due to their ultrathin structures and fascinating optical properties. As a result, much work has been put into developing phototherapy platforms based on 2D materials. This review summarizes the current developments in 2D materials beyond graphene for phototherapy, focusing on the novel approaches of PTT and PDT. New methods are being developed to go above and beyond conventional treatment to fully use the potential of 2D materials. Additionally, the efficacy of cutting-edge phototherapy is assessed, and the existing difficulties and future prospects of 2D materials for phototherapy are covered.
HAP1, a new revolutionary cell model for gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9
Authors: Llargués-Sistac Gemma , Bonjoch Laia , Castellvi-Bel Sergi
Published: March 2023

The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has been instrumental in the characterization of the mutational landscape of complex human diseases like cancer. But despite the enormous rise in the identification of disease candidate genetic variants, their functionality is yet to be fully elucidated in order to have a clear implication in patient care. Haploid human cell models have become the tool of choice for functional gene studies, since they only contain one copy of the genome and can therefore show the unmasked phenotype of genetic variants. Over the past few years, the human near-haploid cell line HAP1 has widely been consolidated as one of the favorite cell line models for functional genetic studies. Its rapid turnover coupled with the fact that only one allele needs to be modified in order to express the subsequent desired phenotype has made this human cell line a valuable tool for gene editing by CRISPR-Cas9 technologies. This review examines the recent uses of the HAP1 cell line model in functional genetic studies and high-throughput genetic screens using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. It covers its use in an attempt to develop new and relevant disease models to further elucidate gene function, and create new ways to understand the genetic basis of human diseases. We will cover the advantages and potential of the use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology on HAP1 to easily and efficiently study the functional interpretation of gene function and human single-nucleotide genetic variants of unknown significance identified through NGS technologies, and its implications for changes in clinical practice and patient care.
Amyloid-mediated remineralization for tooth hypoplasia of cleidocranial dysplasia
Authors: Guo Xiaohe , Yang Xiaoxue , Liu Peisheng , Huang Xiaoyao , Gu Yang , Guo Hao , Xuan Kun , Liu Anqi
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an autosomal-dominant, heritable skeletal and dental disease, involving hypoplastic clavicles, defective ossification of the anterior fontanelle, dentin and enamel hypoplasia, and supernumerary teeth, which can seriously affect the oral and mental health of patients. Amyloid-like protein aggregation, which is established by lysozyme conjugated with polyethylene glycol (Lyso-PEG), forms a mineralized nanofilm layer on a healthy enamel surface. However, whether it can form a remineralization layer in dental tissues from CCD remains unclear.

Methods

This study evaluated deciduous teeth from healthy individuals and a patient with CCD. Because pulp and dentin are functionally closely related, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) from CCD patients and healthy individuals were collected to compare their biological properties.

Results

The results found that deciduous teeth from patients with CCD exhibited dentin hypoplasia. In addition, the proliferative ability and osteogenic potential of SHED from patients with CCD were lower than those of control individuals. Finally, Lyso-PEG was applied to dentin from the CCD and control groups, showing a similar remineralization-induced effect on the dentin surfaces of the two groups.

Conclusion

These results extend our understanding of the dentin and SHED of patients with CCD, exhibiting good caries-preventive capacity and good biocompatibility of Lyso-PEG, thus providing a novel dental therapy for CCD and patients with tooth hypoplasia.
Effects of the different Tai Chi exercise cycles on patients with essential hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Yikun , Yu Zhengze , Wang Jialin , Sun Junzhi
Published: March 2023

Objective

The main treatment for essential hypertension at this stage is pharmacotherapy. Long-term pharmacotherapy is costly with some side effects. Tai Chi, a bright star in traditional Chinese arts, relaxes both mind and body and has been shown to relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure. This study aimed to systematically review the therapeutic effectiveness of the Tai Chi exercise cycle on blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with essential hypertension.

Methods

Searching CNKI, VIP, CBM, PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to collect randomized controlled trials about Tai Chi exercise in the treatment of patients with essential hypertension according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search time ranged from the date of database construction to December 2022. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the included trials. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan5.3 and Stata12.0 software.

Results

According to the meta-analysis, compared with the controls, Tai Chi exercise with a cycle of more than 12 weeks may be better for the reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) [MD = −11.72, 95% CI (−15.52, −7.91)] and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [MD = −4.68, 95% CI (−7.23, −2.12)], as well as increasing the content of nitric oxide (NO) [MD = 0.99, 95% CI (0.69, 1.28)]. The blood lipid metabolism ability may also be improved after more than 12 weeks of Tai Chi exercise, total cholesterol (TC) [SMD = −0.68, 95% CI (−0.89, −0.46), triglyceride (TG) [SMD = −0.84, 95% CI (−1.25, −0.43)], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [SMD = −1.58, 95% CI (−2.29, −0.86)]. However, the improvement of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [SMD = 0.54, 95% CI (0.28, 0.79)] was better with a less than 12 weeks exercise cycle. A subgroup analysis for exercise frequency and time showed that the exercise frequency should preferably be more than or equal to 5 times per week for patients with hypertension, and for patients with hypertension plus hyperlipidemia, the exercise frequency less than 5 times per week with exercise time less than 60 min each day may be more beneficial.

Conclusion

The meta-analysis indicated that a more than 12 weeks Tai Chi exercise cycle with less than 60 min each time and more than 5 times per week may be more beneficial in blood pressure reduction, NO level increasing and blood lipid metabolism improving in the comparison with the other exercise cycles. For patients with hypertension plus hyperlipidemia, exercise frequency of less than 5 times per week may be better.

Systematic Review Registration

[http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD42022352035].
The evolving role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the assessment of mitral valve prolapse
Authors: Vermes Emmanuelle , Altes Alexandre , Iacuzio Laura , Levy Franck , Bohbot Yohann , Renard Cédric , Grigioni Francesco , Maréchaux Sylvestre , Tribouilloy Christophe
Published: March 2023

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP), characterized by a displacement > 2 mm above the mitral annulus of one or both bileaflets, with or without leaflet thickening, is a common valvular heart disease, with a prevalence of approximately 2% in western countries. Although this population has a generally good overall prognosis, MVP can be associated with mitral regurgitation (MR), left ventricular (LV) remodeling leading to heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, and, the most devastating complication, sudden cardiac death, especially in myxomatous bileaflet prolapse (Barlow's disease). Among several prognostic factors reported in the literature, LV fibrosis and mitral annular disjunction may act as an arrhythmogenic substrate in this population. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a reliable tool for assessing MVP, MR severity, LV remodeling, and fibrosis. Indeed, CMR is the gold standard imaging modality to assess ventricular volume, function, and wall motion abnormalities; it allows accurate calculation of the regurgitant volume and regurgitant fraction in MR using a combination of LV volumetric measurement and aortic flow quantification, independent of regurgitant jet morphology and valid in cases of multiple valvulopathies. Moreover, CMR is a unique imaging modality that can assess non-invasively focal and diffuse fibrosis using late gadolinium enhancement sequences and, more recently, T1 mapping. This review describes the use of CMR in patients with MVP and its role in identifying patients at high risk of ventricular arrhythmia.
Role of mutans streptococci, acid tolerant bacteria and oral Candida species in predicting the onset of early childhood caries
Authors: Villhauer Alissa , Zhu Min , Shi Wei , Xie Xian Jin , Hughes Pamella , Lesch Amy , Weber-Gasparoni Karin , Kolker Justine , Drake David , Banas Jeffrey A.
Published: March 2023

Aim

Early childhood caries is the most common chronic infectious disease in children in the United States. This study, which is part of a larger, longitudinal study exploring oral microbiological components of caries development in children, reports on the impact of total mutans streptococci (MS), total acid tolerant bacteria and Candida species on the development of dental caries in a subset of these children. Of particular interest was the relationship between caries development and co-colonization of mutans streptococci and Candida species.

Methods

Children between the ages of 12 and 47 months displaying no evidence of dental caries were recruited for a longitudinal study (n = 130). Twelve age- and gender-matched pairs were selected. In each pair, one child developed caries during the study, and one did not. Whole mouth plaque samples were collected by swab at baseline and every 6 months thereafter for a duration of 18 months and spiral plated for microbial counts (CFU/ml). Cut-offs based on percent of total cultivable flora were designated for all microbial measures. A scoring system designated by the Plaque Microbial Index (PMI) was developed for use in statistical analyses to assess potential predictive factors for caries risk assessment.

Results

Children who developed caries were significantly more likely to harbor higher percentages of acid tolerant bacteria (p = 0.003), MS (p < 0.001) and have Candida species present (p < 0.001) at ≥1 visit leading up to caries onset. Mean PMI scores derived from the aforementioned microbial measures, were higher for caries-active children than for caries-free children (p = 0.000147). Co-colonization of MS and Candida species was significantly associated with caries development (p < 0.001) and detection of both at the same visit had a 100% positive predictive value and 60% negative predictive value for caries development.

Conclusion

In children who developed caries, there was a statistically significant association with the percent of total flora that was acid tolerant, the percent of MS, the presence of Candida and co-colonization of MS and Candida species. Combining these microbial measures into PMI scores further delineated children who developed caries from those who remained caries-free. These microbiological measures show potential as predictive factors and risk assessment tools for caries development.
Frontal wedge variations and controls of submarine landslides in the Negros–Sulu Trench System, Philippines
Authors: Nawanao Lyndon P. , Ramos Noelynna T.
Published: March 2023

Frontal wedge characteristics provide clues to the efficiency of the overriding slab for large displacement during megathrust and upper-plate earthquakes, whereas submarine landslides along active margins may trigger or amplify tsunamis. The lack of clear precursors of submarine failures poses difficulty in monitoring and providing real-time alert warning systems. With that, delineating submarine features along active margins, their spatial distribution, and controls provide valuable information in identifying regions susceptible to large submarine landslides and tsunami hazard assessments. In this study, we performed terrain and morphometric analyses on 20 m resolution bathymetry data to map submarine landslides, submarine canyons, and lineaments in the forearc margin of the Negros–Sulu Trench System in the Philippines. Lineaments are distributed mainly along the frontal wedge, where previous seismic surveys revealed that the mapped ridges are morphotectonic expressions of thrusted sediments. The morphological variations of the four frontal wedge segments were attributed to heterogeneous sediment influx, convergence rates, and subduction processes. More than 1,200 submarine landslides and their morphometric parameters were delineated, and exploratory spatial analyses indicate clustering and underlying controls. The tendencies of prolate submarine landslides (high L/W) to significantly cluster along submarine canyons while oblate morphologies (low L/W) along the frontal wedge reflect the different environments and geomorphological conditions to form these contrasting shapes. Ubiquitous small submarine landslides are mainly controlled by submarine canyon systems at relatively shallow depths of <2 km, where high sediment influx from inland sources preconditions instability. Large submarine landslides (>0.5 km3), on the other hand, are significantly most clustered where the Cagayan Ridge seamount collides and subsequently subducts beneath the northernmost frontal wedge. This suggests the dominant role of seamount subduction and related tectonic processes causing slope steepening to mainly induce large submarine landslides. This study unveiled how submarine landslides vary morphologically depending on their spatial, geomorphological, and tectonic controls in the active margin. This new information provides clues in identifying offshore areas susceptible to large submarine landslides that may induce damaging tsunamis in the Negros–Sulu Trench System as well as in other active margins of similar underlying controls.