bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Correlates of Suicide Attempts in High-Risk Populations: A Cohort study among patients receiving opioid Agonist Therapy in Norway
Authors: Vold Jørn Henrik , Løberg Else-Marie , Aas Christer F. , Steier Jan Alexander , Johansson Kjell Arne , Fadnes Lars Thore
Published: October 2021

Background

Death by suicide in patients enrolled in opioid agonist therapy (OAT) is a major clinical concern. However, little knowledge exists regarding suicide attempts in this patient group. This study presents the lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts and the associations between suicide attempts and clinical and sociodemographic variables such as education, sex, early onset of substance use (< 13 years of age), substance use patterns, and injecting substance use among patients receiving OAT.
Methods

We used data from a cohort of OAT patients in Norway obtained from a health assessment of self-reported suicide attempts and sociodemographic and clinical factors. A total of 595 patients receiving OAT were assessed from 2016 to 2020. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed and reported with an unadjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (OR). The purpose of this assessment was to analyze associations between suicide attempts and substance use patterns as well as the injection of substances during the 30 days leading up to the health assessment. A negative binomial regression analysis with an incidence rate ratio and 95% confidence intervals (IRR) was performed to investigate sex, education, early onset of substance use, and the number of suicide attempts.
Results

Forty-one percent of the OAT patients had attempted to die by suicide at least once during their lifetime. An early onset of substance use was strongly associated with the suicide attempts (IRR: 1.7, 1.3–2.2). No significant association was found between suicide attempts and sex (IRR: 1.2, 0.9–1.6) or education (IRR: 0.6, 0.2–2.1). Likewise, no association was identified between suicide attempts and injecting substance use (OR: 0.9, 0.6–1.3), nor using alcohol (OR: 0.9, 0.7–1.3), amphetamines (OR: 1.0, 0.7–1.3), benzodiazepines (OR: 1.0, 0.7–1.4), cannabis (OR: 1.2, 0.9–1.7), cocaine (OR: 1.3, 0.6–3.0), or opioids (OR: 1.4, 0.9–2.0).
Conclusion

The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was alarmingly high in the OAT population. An early onset of substance use seemed to be an important risk factor for suicide attempts. Multiple actions are needed to prevent premature deaths by suicide in this high-risk population, and these include: health policies to prevent suicides, research on efficacy of suicide prevention interventions and clinical precision in management of patients with a high risk of suicide.
An assessment of organisational culture in Australian hospitals using employee online reviews
Authors: Pavithra Antoinette , Westbrook Johanna
Published: October 2021

Background
Online reviews on job sites have been used as a source of information about organisational culture in industries such as hospitality and technology. An extension of this approach by applying thematic analysis to online reviews posted by healthcare employees could potentially identify areas for organisational improvement in relation to enhancing employees’ wellbeing and experience. The aim of this study was to analyse the content of online reviews posted by hospital employees on job websites for themes of organisational culture.
Methods
103 anonymous online reviews across three job websites, posted by hospital employees of four hospitals within an Australian health network were extracted. Reviews had been posted across a period of six years, from 2014 to early 2020. Sentiment rating based on user-allotted ratings on the selected websites was calculated. The sentiment score was validated against the textual content of the review to confirm employee recommendation and sentiment. Sentiment was coded as neutral, positive, or negative. Significant keywords, associations, and usage within the context of identified sentiment were coded and clustered manually against eight pre-determined safety culture themes. These themes were derived from the most used assessment tools for self-reported measures of occupational health and safety, and safety culture in healthcare.
Results
Workers across clinical roles (n=49) and non-clinical roles (n=50) were evenly represented in the dataset. 35.9% of commenters (n=37) reported their length of employment in the hospitals that they reviewed. Most online employee reviews addressed broad themes related to perceptions of management (n=98), safety climate (n=97), teamwork climate (n=91) and working conditions (n=98). A significant set of reviews addressed themes related to job satisfaction (n=49) and learning, training, and development (n=41). 72.8% of online reviews (n=75) expressed positive sentiment towards their employer. Reviews expressing negative sentiment were largely posted by former employees and indicated areas of discontent that reflected organisational and systemic factors.
Conclusions
Online employee reviews posted by hospital workers on job sites provide valuable insights into healthcare organisational culture. Therefore, employee online reviews could be used as a supplementary, free source of data to inform organisational employee engagement initiatives.
Amelioration of Leigh syndrome induced by mouse blastocyst complementation with a mutant human mitochondrial ATP synthase 6
Authors: Yuan Huijun , Webster Keith , Bhatti Tariq , Hauswirth William , Lewin Alfred , Guy John
Published: October 2021

Mutations in mitochondrial genes are primary causes of multiple inherited disorders, especially affecting tissues with high aerobic energy demands such as the eye, brain, heart, and skeletal muscles. Such mitochondrial diseases are untreatable, have poor prognoses, and relevant animal models are few. Here we microinjected into the mouse blastocyst an adeno-associated virus (AAV) that we redirected to mitochondria to deliver the mutant human adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase subunit 6 gene (m.8993T>G) responsible for Maternally Inherited Leigh Syndrome, a neurologic disease renowned for causing rapidly fatal encephalomyelopathy in childhood or Neuropathy, Ataxia and Retinitis Pigmentosa in adults. Mice bred over six generations exhibited hallmarks of the human disease with one or multiple systemic symptoms including early death, paralysis, hunching, vision loss and seizures. Necropsy revealed spongiform encephalopathy, retinal degeneration, and cardiomegaly. Intravenous injection of a mitochondrially directed AAV serotype 9 vector containing wild-type ATP6 after disease onset, conferred prolonged survival and reduced paralysis. When administered prior to disease onset, all treated mice survived, and visual and motor function improved. These results support further development of gene therapy strategies involving intravenous delivery of mito-targeted AAV9.
Comparative Efficacy and Acceptability of Non-pharmacological Interventions for Depression Among People Living With HIV: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network-meta Analysis
Authors: Zhao Ting , Tang Chulei , Yan Huang , Wang Honghong
Published: October 2021

Background: Improving depression is critical to successful HIV treatment. Due to the adverse reactions of pharmacotherapy, treatment for depression in PLWH has increasingly turned to non-pharmacological treatments. However, the comparative efficacy and acceptability of non-pharmacological treatments for depression among PLWH in different resource contexts remain inconclusive. This protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis aims at evaluating the efficacy and acceptability of non-pharmacological treatments for depression among PLWH to guide future research and practice for all research settings and for low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) only. Methods: We will include all randomized controlled trials of any non-pharmacological interventions to reduce depression in PLWH. The primary outcomes will be the efficacy (the overall mean change scores in depression) and acceptability (the proportion of participants who withdrew for any reason). We will systematically search Published studies through the related databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) and the bibliographies. There is no restriction by language and publication year. At least two investigators will independently conduct all study selection, quality evaluation, and data extraction. We will employ a network meta-analysis to synthesize all available evidence for each outcome and obtain a comprehensive ranking of all interventions for the global network and for low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) network only. We will employ validated local and global approaches to assess inconsistency. We will use OpenBUGS (version 3.2.3) to fit our model into the Bayesian framework. We will evaluate the strength of evidence with the GRADE system. Discussion: We will synthesize all available evidence and identify the most efficacious and acceptable non-pharmacological interventions for depression among PLWH for global network and for LMIC network only. The results of this study will be used to guide decision-making better in different resource settings.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021244230.
A Lateral Opening Injection Tool Used In Percutaneous Vertebroplasty To Treat Asymptomatic Osteoporotic Vertebral Burst Fractures: A Retrospective Study In 66 Cases
Authors: Sun Xin , Wang Jia , Liu Xingzhen , Tao Hairong , Zhu Tong , Wang Xiang , Shen Kangping , Jin Wenjie
Published: October 2021

Background: This study aimed to assess the results of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) with a lateral opening injection tool for treating asymptomatic osteoporotic vertebral burst fractures (OVBFs) patients.Methods: 66 patients diagnosed with acute asymptomatic OVBFs with a spinal canal occupational ratio under 20% were treated with bilateral PVP using a lateral opening injection tool in our study. The related clinical outcomes and images were assessed, including Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), vertebral height (VH) ratio (=fractured VH/ adjacent nonfractured VH), the bone union of the fractured vertebral posterior wall, bone cement distribution, and complications.Results: The VAS scores were 3.80±0.40 at postoperative one day and 0.59±0.41 at last follow-up, significantly lower than 8.37±0.49 at pre-operation (P<0.05). The vertical distribution of bone cement in 60 cases contacted the upper and lower endplates of fractured vertebras. There was no leakage of bone cement in the spinal canal or displacement of posterior wall fracture to the spinal canal in all cases. There was asymptomatic cement leakage in 7 cases. The mean anterior, middle and posterior vertebral height ratios were significantly increased after PVP compared with preoperative values in all patients (P<0.05). At 6 months follow-up, there was no significant height loss of the vertebral body. Three months postoperatively, the posterior wall of fractured vertebral bodies was healed in all cases according to CT images. Conclusions: PVP using a lateral opening injection tool was effective and safe for treating asymptomatic OVBF patients.
Impact of Neonatal Frenotomy on the Breastfeeding Rate at Discharge from the Maternity Ward: A Prospective, Cohort Study
Authors: Maya-Enero Silvia , Ruiz-Guzmán Luis , Candel-Pau Júlia , Duran-Jordà Xavier , López-Vílchez María Ángeles
Published: October 2021

Background

Ankyloglossia may lead to an early abandonment of breastfeeding. Performing a frenotomy could increase the breastfeeding rate at discharge from the maternity ward.
Methods

This prospective cohort study included all the neonates born in our center in 2018 (1392). We offered a frenotomy to all tongue-tied patients. We determined how many frenotomies we performed (422), whether breastfeeding improved in the short term, and compared the breastfeeding rates between treated and untreated tongue-tied and non-tongue-tied neonates. Quantitative variables were described using the mean and standard deviation, and compared using a Student’s t-test. Rates of breastfeeding were compared using the Pearson chi square. Significance was set at the p < 0.05 level.
Results

The breastfeeding rate at discharge was higher among tongue-tied infants (92.1%) than non-tongue-tied (84.2%), and higher among treated than untreated neonates (93.1 vs 75.9%, respectively).
Conclusions

Frenotomy could help increase the breastfeeding rate at discharge among tongue-tied neonates.
Trial registration:
Not applicable
Efficiency evaluation of usage the wig crafts on short voyages in Black Sea
Authors: Kachur Dmytro
Published: October 2021

Every day people try to find the cheapest and fastest type of transport, that can bring them or their goods from one place to another in shortest time. This article consist of showing the difference in usage efficiency between WIG crafts, airplane and bus on the way from Odessa to Istanbul and efficiency, which based on economic model, of transferring different types of cargoes on different types of transports depends of the time of the year.
A Viable University: Foresight, Logframe, Lifestyle and Risks
Authors: Zimin I. N. , Kartvelishvili V. M.
Published: October 2021

The study continues the study of the fundamental characteristics of models of viable systems conducted by the authors. The current issues of construction, reorganization and preservation of the life-incapable structure of a higher educational institution - university U, representing a recursive active subsystem of the educational environment, which is part of the universe-society, are considered. The formalized definitions of an absolutely viable, viable, conditionally viable and non-viable system are given, allowing from a mathematical point of view to assess the optimality of the structure and the efficiency of the system functioning. The analysis of the structure and functioning of a viable university is implemented in the conceptual framework of foresight design based on logframe technologies, which makes it possible to create a system that meets the strategic goals of the universe and the tactical settings of the educational environment. In the process of describing logframe methods based on the foresight approach, real risk situations arising in the modern education system, the university environment and higher educational institutions due to economic, social, managerial and psychological factors of the impact of external and internal environments of recursive active systems are significantly taken into account. The presented conceptual schemes allow us to take into account not only the structural features of the educational organization, but also the psychosocial situation in the team, which determines the stimulating and motivational aspects of personnel management. Examples of higher educational institutions are given, whose structures and training procedures have effectively met and continue to meet the needs and goals of the universe for several successive technological structures, remaining advanced educational and scientific-educational systems of the world level. A brief overview of research and practices in the presented field of knowledge is given, based on the approaches and methods of teaching, scientific and teaching experience of the authors. The presented material is useful for the process of formalization of conceptual aspects of the theory of viable systems, classification of risk situations in the educational process, adaptation of foresight and logframe technologies to the practice of diagnosing and designing effective educational structures that meet the modern socio-economic requirements of technological structures of developed societies.
A Construção e as Artes ao tempo de D. Sesnando Parte 2: Coimbra e Montemor no século XI
Authors: Real Manuel Luís , Fernandes Paulo Almeida
Published: October 2021

D. Sesnando’s rule over a vast territory, between the rivers Mondego and Douro (1064-1091), entailed a rupture with the previous framework of territorial management, in which a considerable part of this land was nominally bound to Muslim authorities. After the definitive conquest of Coimbra, there was a period of intense change in the landscape and of enhancement of humanized geography, in which the alvazil Sesnando moved more intensely.This article seeks to address the reality of construction and the arts during D. Sesnando’s time. Based on documental sources that mention various types of heritage, the first part of the paper offered an analysis of the territory. It also included an introduction to the city of Coimbra, between the Muslim invasion of 711 and the eve of the 1064 conquest. In addition we present an overview of the performance of the dux Sesnando.
IMAGINÁRIO SOCIAL E EDUCAÇÃO CONTEXTUALIZADA PARA A CONVIVÊNCIA COM O SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO (ECSAB)
Authors: Fernandes Lima Ebbe Humberta , Da Silva Barbosa Patricia , Karlo-Gomes Geam
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta o imaginário social como princípio gerador para discussões em torno da Educação Contextualizada para a Convivência com o Semiárido Brasileiro (ECSAB) que, como o próprio nome sugere, tece uma relação intrínseca entre Educação e Contexto, na busca por dar sentido aos saberes que perpassam a escola. Assim, adotou-se a seguinte questão-problema: como os estudos sobre o imaginário social podem contribuir para o pensamento em torno de uma Educação Contextualizada para a Convivência com o Semiárido Brasileiro? Essa proposta se ampara nos estudos do imaginário de Cornelius Castoriadis (1982), em seus conceitos de criação e autonomia, a partir de uma revisão integrativa de literatura sobre a presença do imaginário social nos estudos sobre a educação e a ECSAB. Os principais resultados apontam que os estudos que vão nessa direção refletem de maneira ampla a formação docente e, no que diz respeito à ECSAB, a noção de imaginário surge como uma importante categoria de intervenção utilizada para ressignificar e reconfigurar os processos pedagógicos instituídos por um imaginário com marcas coloniais, que se materializa num currículo universalizante, de natureza “neutra” e esvaziado de contexto.
O 8 DE MARÇO NA HISTÓRIA: entre resistências e lutas, combinando “Ls”
Authors: Castro Mary Garcia , Lodi-Corrêa Samantha , Machado Rita de Cássia Fraga
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo tem como tema o “8 de março” pensando o início de sua comemoração e seu cenário atual como oposição ao local social estabelecido à mulher e naturalizado como tal. Seu objetivo é refletir sobre a consolidação do Dia Internacional da Mulher como um evento internacional de resistência feminina, que se afirma na luta das socialistas no início do século XX, após a Revolução Russa, e que volta neste século XXI, diante da organização de vários feminismos unidos à esquerda, a pautar suas lutas sem permitir qualquer retrocesso. Ao contrário, o movimento feminista quer ir além. Mais direitos fundamentais são reivindicados. Mulheres de luta, mulheres que utilizam as letras, que ocupam os espaços públicos para exigirem liberdade nesta sociedade heteronormativa e patriarcal, que ainda sufoca as vozes femininas, que age com violência, que mata. Utilizou-se como metodologia de pesquisa o levantamento bibliográfico e documental contextualizado em seus períodos. Defende-se a propriedade de uma frente ampla de feminismos críticos ao capitalismo, o que vem se afirmando na América Latina.
EET Analog Treatment Improves Insulin Signaling in a Genetic Mouse Model of Insulin Resistance
Authors: Ghoshal Kakali , Li Xiyue , Peng Dungeng , Falck John R. , Anugu Raghunath Reddy , Chiusa Manuel , Stafford John M. , Wasserman David H. , Zent Roy , Luther James M. , Pozzi Ambra
Published: October 2021

We previously showed
that global deletion of the cytochrome P450 epoxygenase Cyp2c44, a major
epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) producing enzyme in mice, leads to impaired
hepatic insulin signaling resulting in insulin resistance. This finding led us
to investigate whether administration of a water soluble EET analog restores
insulin signaling in vivo in Cyp2c44(-/-) mice and investigated the underlying mechanisms
by which this effect is exerted. Cyp2c44(-/-) mice treated with the
analog EET-A for 4 weeks improved fasting glucose and glucose tolerance
compared to Cyp2c44(-/-) mice treated with vehicle alone. This
beneficial effect was accompanied by enhanced hepatic insulin signaling,
decreased expression of gluconeogenic genes and increased expression of
glycogenic genes. Mechanistically, we show that insulin-stimulated
phosphorylation of insulin receptor β (IRβ) is impaired in primary Cyp2c44(-/-) hepatocytes and this can be restored by cotreatment with EET-A and
insulin. Plasma membrane fractionations of livers indicated that EET-A enhances
the retention of IRβ in membrane rich fractions, thus potentiating its
activation. Altogether, EET analogs ameliorate insulin signaling in a genetic
model of hepatic insulin resistance by stabilizing membrane-associated IRβ and
potentiating insulin signaling.
Tele-Dentistry Rising: The Apps of Pediatric Dentistry: An Up-ToDate Review
Authors: PK Karataban
Published: October 2021

The pandemic changed the landscape of the accessibility to healthcare in an unexpected way. The instant disconnection with healthcare professionals including dental professionals thrusted tele-medicine and tele-dentistry into the spotlight. In pediatric dentistry, there are applications developed for both patients and dentists. This article aims to provide an overview of pediatric dentistry-related applications available on the Apple App Store and Google Play Store that can be useful for children, families and pediatric dentists. iPhone XS was used to access the Apple App Store, and Samsung Galaxy Note 20 devices was used to access the applications in the Google Play Store. The keywords; pediatric dentistry, teeth, brushing teeth, toothbrush timer, pediatric dental care, dentist games, dental pain, dental trauma were selected and searched in Google Play Store and Apple App Store. In total there were 313 applications related to pediatric dentistry which were classified as “Applications for Pediatric Dentists” and “Applications for Pediatric Patients and Their Families”.
Assess the Age of Majority Using Lower Wisdom Teeth
Authors: Brkic Hrvoje
Published: October 2021

This article is signed by 27 authors from four continents led by Roberto Cameriere one of the most cited authors in the field of dental age assessment. Determining dental age is a very important segment in the forensic sciences because it gives the best results for an individual’s age.
Benin EFL Teachers’ Beliefs on the Acceptance of Students with Stigma in their Classroom: Case Studies of “Hounyos” and “Woli”
Authors: Hounhanou A.J.V.
Published: October 2021

Today the concept of inclusion makes all educators responsible for creating supportive learning environment. In Benin schools, consensus is made to accept students with stigma. This article is to explore Benin EFL teachers ‘and students’ belief on the acceptance of two main categories of students with stigma (Woli and Hounyos). They are concerned with girls who are not allowed to be dressed on top and who keep scarification on their face and chest (Hounyos). The second category are members of celestial church, who keep their hair natural all their life without combing or brushing it (dreadlocks). They are known to be gifted and can predict future. Three public schools and one private school took part in this study. Questionnaire, interview, and classroom observation were used as an instrument in this research. Overall, nineteen students with stigma participated. The results from this research have shown that Benin EFL teachers adopt different approaches on the integration of those specific cases of students in the classroom. Suggestions are then formulated on how Benin EFL teachers should manage the concerned students.
The unusual genus Ramiheithrus (Trichoptera: Philorheithridae)
Authors: St Clair Rosalind M
Published: October 2021

The descriptions of males of the two described species of Ramiheithrus (R. virgatus Neboiss and R. kocinus Neboiss) are expanded using additional material. The female, pupa and larva of Ramiheithrus virgatus are described for the first time for the genus. Preliminary genetic barcoding analysis suggests the presence of additional undescribed species that are only known as larvae. The unusual larval habitat is described and issues relating to this are discussed.
Pitfalls of DSGE Model Approach in Monetary Union
Authors: Konôpková Zlatica
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the impact of country size on the DSEG model estimation of the monetary union. Following DSGE model for fiscal policy simulations (FiMod) the union is considered to have a two-country structure, the investigated country has weight in union equal to its population share and the second country represents the rest of members. The model is estimated for different country sizes and it is found there are two areas of equilibrium instability which covers 11 of 19 European Monetary Union members. The result is in contrary with Stähler and Thomas (2012) who estimated FiMod for Spain and stated that model can be recalibrated to every member of the monetary union. According to the result the size of country matters and affects the stability of equilibrium. Therefore, special attention is paid to small economies in monetary union. The results and consequences are then discussed with examples from recent history.
Evidence Based Practice Integration into Polygraph Practice: A suggested paradigm
Authors: Amsel Tuvya T. , Ginton Avital
Published: October 2021

The philosophy of evidence-based practice advocates professionals to rely on scientific evidence. Although the idea seems obvious, misuse of the philosophy raised controversy, which created confusion and misunderstanding of the concept. Yet, since it was introduced in the nineties to the medical community and despite the controversy, it gained more and more disciples and was embraced by nonmedical practitioners, including the polygraph profession. In the last decades, the polygraph community has gradually abandoned the intuitive-based polygraph practice that relies on less scientifically rooted subjective procedures and advanced toward evidence-based polygraph practice. This paper describes the evidence-based practice in general and details the practical aspects of evidence-based polygraph practice in particular, along with discussing the limitations of the current scientific research. It questions the current bone-tone trend to implement an extreme Evidence-Based approach into the polygraph practice, suggesting the practitioner to avoid a rigid “one size fit all” standardized protocols which are advocated as a must on the way to earn scientific recognition, whereas, in fact, it is the unfortunate outcome of lack of differential research data. As in the medical field, in-where the Evidence-Based practice managed to incorporate the clinical experience of experts with the hard research evidence and has not disregarded their valuable knowledge and experience, the present article calls for adopting this integrative approach in the polygraph field too and adjust the protocols to the specific circumstances of the case and the examinee in a “tailor-made” mode, which is based on existing data and flexible thinking wherever there is no data to rely on, as was suggested under the concept of “Adaptive-Polygraphy” (Ginton, 2013).
Directed Lie – The Correct or the Easy Way?
Authors: Shurany Tuvia , Gordon Nathan J.
Published: October 2021

Lately there had been a huge push in our profession toward the use to use the Directed Lie Comparison question (DLC). The truth verification field is divided into “pro and con” towards this idea, like many things in life. This article will research whether this “new fashion” is really the correct way or the easy or lazy way to conduct psychophysiological truth verification examinations, as well as make comparisons between the advantages and disadvantages between the DLC and the Probable Lie Comparison question (PLC).
Será a psicanálise uma pseudociência? Reavaliando a doutrina utilizando uma lista de multicritérios
Authors: Ferreira Clarice de Medeiros Chaves
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A psicanálise já foi classificada como pseudociência no passado. Karl Popper foi um daqueles que traçou objeções à doutrina psicanalítica, usando do critério da falseabilidade. Entretanto, a falseabilidade não pode mais ser considerada suficiente para resolver o problema, já que implica em dificuldades consideráveis, e melhores alternativas para abordar a questão estão disponíveis. Objetivo: Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar o status científico da psicanálise em relação ao problema da demarcação. Método: Para fazer isso, o critério de Sven Ove Hansson foi utilizado: este consiste em um conjunto de condições suficientes e necessárias, que é complementado com uma lista de multicritérios que auxiliam a identificar pseudociências. Foi analisado o quanto a psicanálise se encaixava em cada um dos sete itens da lista de Hansson, além de ser proposta a adição de um oitavo item. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a psicanálise era compatível com todos os oito itens da lista de demarcação de pseudociências. Conclusão: Ao final, a conclusão foi de que mesmo que a falseabilidade deva ser descartada, as evidências sugerem que ainda temos motivos suficientes para afirmar que a psicanálise é uma pseudociência, já que ela se distancia significativamente dos padrões de qualidade científicos.
Development of Nifedipine sublingual tablets using disintegrants as release modifiers
Authors: Swapna G  , Sesha Maheswaramma K  , Hemalatha S  , Bhaskar Reddy K
Published: October 2021

The current study mainly focused on treating cardiovascular diseases such as angina pectoris and chronic hypertension by modifying the existing commercial tablet available for Nifedipine. The limitation of Nifedipine is poor solubility, which comes under BCS class II drug category, which needs improvement in formulation to achieve better bioavailability. The objective of this research work is to enhance the oral bioavailability (first-pass metabolism in the liver (42–56%)) of Nifedipine by improving dissolution property. Sublingual fast dissolving tablets of Nifedipine formulated by sublimation method, designed to increase its disintegration time in the presence of saliva. This formulation is helpful for paediatric and geriatric patients who are unable to swallow the conventional tablet. Sublimation of camphor makes the tablet more porous and improve disintegration time as well. The direct compression method is used with different ratio of  Croscarmellose Sodium (CS) and Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) as super disintegrants to formulate Nifedipine loaded Sublingual tablets. All formulations contain various ratio between super disintegrants and camphor, followed by the sublimation method. FTIR and DSC studies were conducted to investigate compatibility between drugs and disintegrants. Formulated tablets were subjected for precompression parameters, e.g., bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, angle of repose and for post-compression parameters, e.g. weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, drug content, wetting time, disintegration time followed by dissolution study and found satisfactory as per IP.
Study of incidence of acute renal failure and its associated factors and complications amongst patients admitted in intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Indian Institute of Medical Science and Research Medical College, Badnapur, Jalna, Maharashtra, INDIA, Warkad Rameshwar A
Published: October 2021

Background: Impairment of renal function is a serious complication in critically ill patients. Mortality of acute renal failure remains high ranging from 35% to 86% despite haemodialysis therapy and substantial improvement of dialysis techniques. Therefore attention must be paid to the conditions favouring deterioration of renal function in order to prevent acute renal failure or to intervene in an early phase when less invasive therapies might be even more promising. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Mumbai from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2006. All patients consecutively admitted in intensive care unit were studied. Results: Total number of patients admitted during the said period to the Intensive care Unit was 406, of which 50 had evidence of acute renal failure. The incidence of acute renal failure in the critically ill patients included in our study was 12.31%. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of fluid overload, oliguria and hyperkalemia between the pre-renal and renal failure groups. Conclusion: The incidence of acute renal failure in the critically ill patients was 12.31% and commonest predisposing factors associated with acute renal failure were acute insults like hypotension, sepsis and risk factors like age >50 years and pre-existing renal disease.
Headache as unusual presentation in moyamoya disease
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Gotri, Vadodara, Gujarat, INDIA., Shah Pathik
Published: October 2021

Our case highlights basics of clinical presentations, causes, risk factors, epidemiology, physiology, and pathophysiology in Moyamoya diseases, along with introduction to terminologies, prospect of evaluation and various modalities available for diagnosis. Moyamoya angiopathy is characterized by a progressive stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid arteries and the development of a network of abnormal collateral vessels. This chronic cerebral angiopathy is observed in children and adults. It mainly leads to brain ischemic events in children, and to ischemic and hemorrhagic events in adults. This is a rare condition, with a marked prevalence gradient between Asian countries and Western countries. Two main nosological entities are identified. On the one hand, moyamoya disease corresponds to isolated moyamoya angiopathy, defined as being “idiopathic” according to the Guidelines of the Research Committee on the Pathology and Treatment of Spontaneous Occlusion of the Circle of Willis. This entity is probably multifactorial and polygenic in most patients. On the other hand, moyamoya syndrome is a moyamoya angiopathy associated with an underlying condition and forms a very heterogeneous group with various clinical presentations, various modes of inheritance, and a variable penetrance of the cerebrovascular phenotype. Diagnostic and evaluation techniques rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) conventional angiography, and cerebral hemodynamics measurements. Revascularization surgery can be indicated, with several techniques. Characteristics of genetic moyamoya syndromes are presented, with a focus on recently reported mutations in BRCC3/MTCP1 and GUCY1A3 genes. Identification of the genes involved in moyamoya disease and several monogenic moyamoya syndromes unravelled different pathways involved in the development of this angiopathy. Studying genes and pathways involved in monogenic moyamoya syndromes may help to give insights into pathophysiological models and discover potential candidates for medical treatment strategies.
A study of cardiovascular manifestations of thyroid disorders
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Porompat, Imphal, Manipur, INDIA, Arunkumar Chingakham
Published: October 2021

Background: Dysfunction and anatomic abnormalities of the thyroid gland are among the most common diseases of the endocrine glands. The study has been undertaken with the aim to assess the different cardiovascular manifestations in patients of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in Manipur and find out any correlation of it with age, sex, type of thyroid disorder and BMI. Materials and Method: The study was a cross sectional study of patients who were diagnosed as hypothyroid or hyperthyroid in the Department of Medicine, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences(RIMS), Imphal, Manipur. Clinical parameters including history and clinical examination were recorded including thyroid function testing, ECG, chest X-ray, trans-thoracic echocardiography. Results: Among 59 patients of thyroid disorder studied, 38 patients were found to be hypothyroid and 21 patients hyperthyroid. The average BMI in hypothyroid patient was 27.25. The average BMI in hyperthyroid patients was 25.41 which were lower than hypothyroid. Diastolic hypertension was found in 44.7% of hypothyroid patients. Sinus bradycardia and sinus tachycardia were the most common ECG findings in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients respectively. 15.8% had cardiomegaly on chest x-ray in hypothyroid patients while 9.5% had cardiomegaly in hyperthyroid patients. On echocardiographic evaluation, 13.1% and 9.5% had pericardial effusion in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups respectively.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN GEOTHERMAL AND SOLAR HVAC SYSTEMS
Authors: Alajmi Fnyess , Alajmi Amer , Alrashidi Ahmed , Alrashidi Naser
Published: October 2021

Many applications depend mainly on heat energy, such as solar and geothermal heat pumps. ‎There is a high increase in the use of applications that depend on renewable energy. The ‎main objective of this project is to study the heating systems and geothermal heat pumps. ‎This study also investigated solar heat pumps and the geothermal efficiency to optimize its ‎strategic plan. A performance factor (COP) was used to assess the efficiency of both ‎geothermal and solar systems. To apply the methodology, a case study was used. The ‎results in the thermal energy system are that solar energy is better and more cost-effective in ‎terms of capital. The revenues for the solar system after 25 years were higher than the ‎revenues for the geothermal system. Furthermore, solar power has a shorter payback time ‎making it superior for a similar life span, so it was clear that the expenditure on solar power ‎was safer than the expenditure on geothermal power.‎‎
The Use of Practical Video Demonstration for Class VII Photosynthetic Materials to Stimulate Basic Science Process Skills
Authors: Arrohman Donny Auliya , Palumpun Normalia Sandy , Jumadi Jumadi , Prasetyo Zuhdan Kun
Published: October 2021

Science process skills are one of the most important skills to be mastered by every student. These skills will teach and train students to conduct an investigation or scientific discovery. Science process skills consist of two main groups, namely basic and integrated science process skills. The research carried out here focuses on basic science process skills. This research aims to see how photosynthetic material practicum demonstration videos for class VII stimulate. The type of research used in this study is descriptive analysis, with the sample used as many as 17 students spread out in one class, namely class VIIF. The data collected consists of qualitative data and quantitative data. Qualitative data was obtained when researchers conducted interviews and observations of students, while quantitative data was obtained through the results of pretest and posttest basic science process skills. The results showed that overall, students experienced an increase in the percentage of achievement of each aspect of basic science process skills (observing from 67.65 to 85.29%, classifying from 85.29 to 94.12%, measuring from 78.43 to 88.24%, inference from 52.94 to 70.59%, predicting from 76.57 to 88.24%, and communicating from 82.35 to 94.12%). Other results obtained in this study are several obstacles when the online learning process is carried out, namely the instability of the internet network, insufficient time to conduct video conferencing, and some who experience slow video running
The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry-Based on Nuclear Physics Learning Devices with PhET Media to Increase Student Creativity
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Doyan Aris , Ayub Syahrial , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Ardu’ha Jannatin , Mulyadi Lalu
Published: October 2021

This study aims to test the effectiveness of developing core physics learning tools using an inquiry model with the help of PhET media in increasing student creativity. The development of the learning device uses a 4D model consisting of define, design, develop and disseminate. The sample of this research is all undergraduate students who take nuclear physics courses, totaling 50 people. The sample consisted of two classes, namely class A as the experimental class and class B as the control class. The pre-test and post-test data were analyzed using the t-test at a significant level of 5%, while the increase in student creativity was analyzed using the N-gain test. The results of the t-test show that the t-count value is greater than the t-table, which means that the nuclear physics learning device using an inquiry model with the help of PhET media affects student creativity. The results of the N-gain analysis show that the experimental class is in the high category, while the control class is in the medium and low category. These results indicate that the use of nuclear physics learning tools using an inquiry model with the help of PhET media is effective in increasing student creativity
A Review: Saccharin Discovery, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Mahmood Ammar A. Razzak , Al-Juboori Sahar B.
Published: October 2021

Saccharin is firstly synthesized in 1879. It is a very well-known as an inexpensive substitute for sugar as it is a non-caloric sweetener. The article shows the properties, use, metabolism and various synthesis and reactions of saccharine. Moreover, the toxicological reports explain that saccharin is mostly responsible for the bladder tumors observed in the male rats, the relationship between the consumption of saccharin and bladder cancer is afforded by epidemiological studies.  The benefit-risk evaluation for saccharin is hardly to indicate. Saccharin is a sugar substitute, frequently used either in food industry, or in pharmaceutical formulations and even in tobacco products. The chemistry of saccharin is interesting because of it suspected carcinogenous character and the possible use as an antidote for metal poisoning. It appears prudent to evaluate their main properties and applications further.
PROBLEMATICS AND LEGAL DIMENSIONS IN ARRANGEMENT OF SPACE ACCORDING TO LAW NUMBER 26 OF 2007
Authors: Amiludin Amiludin , Asmawi Muhammad
Published: October 2021

The writing of this article starts from the problems that exist in the development situation in each region, especially in spatial planning, almost certainly has the same problem, such as the absence of consistent and strict licensing in development. Such as floods that occurred in urban areas of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi due to the development of the city. It is increasing the number of population, activities, and land requirements both for settlements and economic activities so that there is a change of function that should be used as a conservation area and green open space has turned into a residential area. This research uses the normative legal research method or discusses this problem more to the study of literature or secondary data. The normative legal analysis includes research on constitutional principles, research on legal systematics, research on the degree of vertical and horizontal synchronization, comparison of law, and history of law. Law enforcement on sustainable spatial planning is a very complex phenomenon with various approaches, both legal, social, political, economic and cultural issues so that for the benefit of the community, the interests of the government as well as the harmony of spatial planning, environmental sustainability needs supporting capacity of the environment and resources nature is included in the case of sustainable development.
FORMATION OF THE KABARDIN-BALKAR AUTONOMOUS REGION: MECHANISMS, PHASES, SIGNIFICANCE
Authors:   FSBSE «Federal Scientific Center  ‘Kabardin-Balkar Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences’», BOROV A.Kh. , KAZHAROV A.G. ,   Institute for Humanitarian studies – Affiliated of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Establishment «Federal Scientific Center «Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences»
Published: October 2021

In 2022, the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the formation of the Kabardin-Balkar Republic will take place. At the turn of the 1980–1990s. the historical experience of the early 1920s. and, above all, the circumstances of the creation and the institutional structure of the Kabardin-Balkar Autonomous Region were at the center of ethno-political collisions. The views on these issues that took shape at that time are still latently present in the public consciousness and are periodically updated in the political statements of individual public organizations. The subject of the proposed article is the political events in the region of the Central Caucasus (Terek Oblast, Gorskaya ASSR, Kabarda and Balkaria), which unfolded after the end of the civil war and the establishment of Soviet power in March 1920, and ended with the institutionalization of the system of power of the Kabardin-Balkar Autonomous Oblast in December 1922. The purpose of the study is to present a fairly complete, chronologically ordered picture of political events, struggles and decisions on the basis of systematization and analysis of documentary material, which makes it possible to reveal the mechanisms, identify the stages and assess the significance of creating a united Soviet autonomy for the Kabardian and Balkarian peoples. The novelty of the approach lies in the fact that the work is performed in the genre of documentary chronicle, aimed at but possibly complete and "dense" coverage of the course of events over the course of three years – from March 1920 to December 1922. Analysis and generalization of the involved material are included in the final section. The materials considered in the article show that the creation of the Kabardin-Balkar autonomy was not a one-time act, but a process that had as its content the coordination of the national interests of Kabarda and Balkaria and the development of a common form of their institutionalization.
FROM THE HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDY OF KABARDINO-BALKARIA: PROFESSOR KSPI KONSTANTIN EDUARDOVICH GRINEVICH
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, MURATOVA E.G. , ORTANOVA Yu.A. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of the origin and formation of the archaeological study of Kabardino-Balkaria as one of the areas of scientific research at the Kabardino-Balkarian State Pedagogical Institute (since 1957 – the Kabardino-Balkarian State University). The scientific and pedagogical activity of one of the first professors of the historical department, a well-known specialist in the field of ancient history, Konstantin Eduardovich Grinevich is shown. In 1949, he led the Kabardian archaeological expedition, the result of which was the compilation of an archaeological map of the republic. K.E. Grinevich made a great contribution to the study of the cultural heritage of Kabardino-Balkaria and the training of young personnel in the field of archeology.