bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency dependence of the group velocity of surface polaritons in a single-axle crystal of the Würcite type
Authors: Borodina Irina I. , Yatsishen Valeriy V.
Published: March 2024

Background. Surface polaritons attract the attention of researchers and engineers for their unique properties and promising applications in the field of micro- and nanoelectronics. Such applications may include devices such as the transistor or even the polariton laser, as reported in the scientific literature.
Aim. The paper analyzes the conditions for excitation of surface polaritons in a uniaxial crystal of the wurtzite type. The frequency dependence of the group velocity of surface polaritons is analyzed.
Methods. The dispersion equation for surface polaritons in an anisotropic wurtzite-type crystal is found analytically by solving Maxwell’s equations and requiring that the boundary conditions for electromagnetic waves decreasing exponentially from the boundary be satisfied.
Results. Aluminum nitride crystal AlN was chosen as the object of analysis. Possible frequencies of surface polaritons are found and it is shown that only the frequencyΩ1=844,84cm−1 satisfies all the conditions for the existence of surface polaritons. It is shown that in the region where a surface polariton exists, both the damping constants and the propagation parameters of surface polaritons increase. It is shown that the group velocity of a surface polariton decreases with increasing frequency. When the frequency reaches the value of the surface polariton frequency of the valueΩ1, the group velocity vanishes.
Conclusion. The found decreasing frequency dependence of the surface polariton group velocity can be used in moderating devices based on polaritons.
Parametrical synthesis of various radio devices with the set quantity of cascades of type «the resistive two-port network – the nonlinear part»
Authors: Golovkov Alexander A.
Published: March 2024

Background. Presence of possibility of analytical definition of a part of parametres of various radio devices, optimum by criterion of maintenance of preset values of modules and phases of transfer functions on necessary quantity of frequencies, considerably reduces time of numerical optimisation of other part of parametres by criterion of formation demanded PFC and FFC in a strip of frequencies. Till now such problems dared concerning radio devices only with one cascade of type «a nonlinear part - the coordination the device» or «the coordination the device - a nonlinear part». In quality the coordination devices were used the jet, resistive, complex or mixed two-port networks. The problem of multicascade radio devices with jet two-port networks is solved also. Change of basis for the coordination two-port networks and a place of inclusion of a nonlinear part leads to change of area of a physical realizability.
Aim. Working out of algorithms of parametrical synthesis of radio devices with any quantity of identical and unequal cascades of type «the coordination the resistive two-port network – a nonlinear part» by criterion of maintenance of the set frequency characteristics. Nonlinear parts are presented in the form of a nonlinear element and parallel either consecutive on a current or pressure of a feedback.
Methods. The theory of two-port networks, matrix algebra, a decomposition method, a method of synthesis of actuation microwave devices, numerical methods of optimisation.
Results. In interests of achievement of the specified purpose systems of the algebraic equations are generated and solved. Models of optimum two-port networks in the form of mathematical expressions for definition of interrelations between elements of their classical matrix of transfer and for search of dependences of resistance of two-poles from frequency are received. It is shown, that at certain parities between quantity of identical cascades and values of resistance of a source of a signal and loading of the one-cascade radio device frequency characteristics of one-cascade and multicascade radio devices appear identical or similar. Such schemes are named by equivalent. Use of unequal cascades leads to substantial growth of a working strip of frequencies.
Conclusion. The comparative analysis of theoretical results (PFC and FFC radio devices, value of parametres), received by mathematical modelling in system «MathCad», and the experimental results received by scheme modelling in systems «OrCad» and «MicroCap», shows their satisfactory coincidence.
Passive bandpass filters for modern microwave communication systems
Authors: Koigerov Aleksey S. , Turalchuk Pavel A. , Derkach Mikhail M. , Andreychev Sergey S.
Published: March 2024

Background. Bandpass filters are an integral part of any radio engineering systems and modern communication systems. Research and development of new passive components is due to growing need for such elements for modernization and creation of new modern communication systems.
Aim. A brief overview of passive bandpass filters. Their classification according to the type of implementation is given.
Methods. Results of experimental research and design of different passive bandpass filters are considered.
Results. Lumped elements filters, microstrip filters, filters on high-temperature superconductor films, filter on dielectric resonators, surface acoustic wave filters, bulk acoustic wave filters are considered. At a qualitative level, the main advantages and disadvantages are considered from point of view of electrical parameters and size indicators. Examples of topological and constructive implementation are given.
Conclusion. The passive bandpass filters considered in the paper make it possible to implement frequency selection devices at operating frequencies up to 6 GHz and higher, taking into account modern system trends and requirements for devices of this type.
ADEQUATE INTELLIGENT CONSTRUCTING PREDICTIVE OR OPTIMAL STATISTICAL DECISIONS UNDER PARAMETRIC UNCERTAINTY OF APPLIED STOCHASTIC MODELS
Authors:   University of Latvia, Nechval N. A. , Berzins G. , Nechval K. N. ,   Transport and Telecommunication Institute, Moldovan M. ,   University of Adelaide
Published: March 2024

The method used here focuses on the basic quantities and supporting statistics needed to construct prediction limits or optimal solutions for expected outcomes under the parametric uncertainty of applied stochastic models. It is applicable whenever the statistical problem is invariant under a group of transformations acting transitively on the parameter space. This method does not require any tabulation and is applicable whether the statistics are complete or Type II censored. The exact prediction limits of the order statistics associated with a sample of basic distributions can be found quickly and easily, making tables, simulations, Monte Carlo estimated percentiles, special computer programs, and approximations unnecessary. The proposed technique is based on the transformation of probabilities and the averaging of reference values. It is conceptually simple and easy to use. The discussion is limited to one-sided prediction limits. Finally, we provide practical numerical examples where the proposed analytical methodology is illustrated in terms of the one-parameter (or two-parameter) exponential distribution. Applications to other log-location-scale distributions can follow directly.
Lithological and geochemical characteristics and sedimentary environments of the Cambrian high-carbon deposits in the east of the Siberian platform (Kyulenke river basin)
Authors: Varaksina Irina V.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. The need to study high-carbon deposits as potential sources of hydrocarbons and ore minerals that can significantly increase the mineral resource of Russia. In addition, the analysis of lithological and geochemical features and the reconstruction of the sedimentation conditions of the Kuonamka Formation make it possible to more accurately judge the nature of the Lower and Middle Cambrian paleobasin in the east of the Siberian Platform. Aim. To identify lithological and geochemical features of the composition and determine the sedimentation environment of the Kuonamka Formation. Object. High-carbon deposits of the Kuonamka Formation uncovered by exploration wells on the eastern margin of the Mun arch of the Siberian platform in the Kulenke river basin. Methods. Lithological description of core material; mineralogical and petrographic analysis; X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and microelement analysis; determination of the content of sulfur and iron forms by wet chemistry; scanning electron microscopy using X-ray spectral microprobe; analysis of petrochemical modules. Results. It was established that the Kuonamka Formation in the studied sections has a consistent structure of four well-defined lithological-stratigraphic horizons. The composition of the deposits is predominantly mixed and is determined by variations in three main mineral groups: clay, carbonate and siliceous, in addition organic matter. The paper demonstrates different forms of organic matter confirming the mixed algal-bacterial genesis of the biocenosis of the Kuonamka basin. The revealed lithological features and lithochemical data indicate the accumulation of high-carbon deposits at a considerable distance from the drift sources in the depression zone of the open sea basin with weak circulation of bottom waters in anoxic conditions. The geochemical euxinic environment was dominant in carbonate-siliceous muds. Sedimentation occurred during one major transgressive-regressive sedimentation cycle being a typical sequence of filling a uncompensated deep depression.
Prediction of penetration rate and optimization of weight on a bit using artificial neural networks
Authors: Vu Hong Duong , Nguyen Minh Hoa , Nguyen Tien Hung , Nguyen The Vinh
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Achieving the greatest rate of penetration is the aim of every drilling engineer because it is one of the most significant factors influencing drilling costs. However, a variety of drilling conditions could have an impact on rate of penetration, complicating its forecast.   Aim. To suggest a novel strategy to accurately predict rate of penetration and optimize drilling parameters. Objects. Real-time drilling data of a few wells in the Ca Tam oil field, Vietnam, with more than 900 datasets including significant parameters like rotary speed, weight on bit, standpipe pressure, flow rate, weight of mud, torque. Methods. Various methods using Artificial Neural Network was proposed to estimate rate of penetration. Results. The number of neurons in a hidden layer was varied then the results of different Artificial Neural Network models were compared in order to obtain the optimal model. The final Artificial Neural Network model shows high exactness when contrasted with actual rate of penetration, in this manner, it tends to be suggested as a successful and reasonable approach to predict the rate of penetration of different wells in the Ca Tam oil field. Based on the proposed Artificial Neural Network model, the optimal weight on bit was determined for the drilling interval from 1800 to 2300 m of oil wells in the research region.
Use of Petroleum Experts Prosper software to obtain additional oil production by analysis of well operation mode
Authors: Korotkov Roman N. , Ovcharenko Diana M. , Erofeev Vladimir I.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Current situation, when an increasing number of subsoil users are moving towards the correct choice of a development system. Therefore, the applicability of integrated asset models is growing exponentially every year. One of the integrated approaches in the field of reservoir–well–ground infrastructure modeling is the use of Petroleum Experts software. This solution has successfully established itself in the international market due to the presence of a large number of various correlations suitable for certain geological conditions, as well as a complex methodology for calculating the tasks. Thanks to the above product, the tasks of calculating the inflow from a reservoir, well flow rate and infrastructure throughput analysis formed a single integrated solution for high-quality modeling of fields/groups of fields. In its turn, the Petroleum Experts Prosper software allows you to evaluate the efficiency of a well, as well as to obtain additional production through optimization calculations on a well model tuned to actual parameters. Aim. To form and analyze the approach to setting up component models (wells) by adapting parameters to actual data in order to obtain additional oil production. Methods. Setting up and adaptation of well models equipped with installations of electrical center pumps, setting up and adaptation of fountain wells, approach to working with a periodical fund, assessment of the effectiveness of the use of Prosper in terms of additional oil production. Results. The results obtained allow us to adapt well models with an accuracy of more than 95%, which simulates the operating mode of the mechanized and fountain mining fund in order to optimize and increase oil production. As a result of the analysis, the criteria for tuning wells were identified, and the minimum necessary set of parameters for high-quality adaptation of models was presented. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method by comparing the actual data on the regimes of the wells with synthetic are also proved. Based on the work done, we can conclude that the use of an integrated model shows us a high convergence with real data, which allows you to conduct optimization calculations with high accuracy with obtaining a result that provides the greatest effect.
Conditions of formation of Vikhoreva river and Ust-Vikhorevsky bay hydrochemical regime (Ust-Ilimsk reservoir)
Authors: Dolgikh Pavel G. , Poletaeva Vera I. , Pastukhov Mikhail V.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. The necessity to control the hydrochemical regime of water bodies significantly affected by anthropogenic impacts. Aim. To study the spatial distribution of major ions and trace element concentrations and identify natural and anthropogenic formation factors of the hydrochemical composition of the Vikhoreva river and Ust-Vikhorevsky bay of the Ust-Ilimsk reservoir. Objects. Waters of the Vikhoreva river before and after inflow of wastewater from the Bratsk industrial zone, waters of the Ust-Vikhorevsky bay (Vikhorevskaya and Burdoyskaya parts) of the Ust-Ilimsk reservoir. Methods. Determination of micronutrients concentrations in water was performed by inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry, mercury – by atomic absorption method. Cations and anions were determined using standard methods accepted in hydrochemical studies, Sorg – by titrimetric method, oxygen – by iodometric method. Results. In the Vihoreva river water after wastewater inflow from the Bratsk industrial zone, significant transformations of its hydrochemical composition were detected. Along the water area of river decrease of O2 concentrations (up to 0.3 mg O2/l) and increase of Сorg (up to 131 mg/l), SO42– (up to 262 mg/l), K+ (up to 10.6 mg/l), Cl– (up to 220 mg/l), Na+ (up to 240 mg/l), Mn (up to 248.5 mg/l), Cr (up to 7.4 mg/l), to a lesser extent Al (up to 224.1 mg/l), Co (up to 0.26 mg/l), Cu (up to 5.4 mg/l), Zn (up to 43.2 mg/l), Cd (up to 0.126 mg/l), Pb (up to 0.40 mg/l), Hg (up to 0.0032 mg/l) are observed. In surface waters of the Ust-Vikhorevsky bay concentrations of most components of the main ionic composition and trace elements decrease, as compared to the Vikhoreva river water. Maximum concentrations of Mn (511.5 mg/l), Fe (1567.2 mg/l), Co (0.80 mg/l), Pb (0.77 mg/l) were detected in bottom waters. The main ionic composition and trace element concentrations in the Vihoreva river water are determined primarily by anthropogenic factor. At the same time, the hydrochemical regime of the river is effected by natural factors. Inflow of both waters of the highly polluted and forming waters of the channel part of the Ust-Ilimsk reservoir impacts the hydrochemistry of the Ust-Vikhorevsky bay.
Preference aggregation method in determining brightness threshold values for object recognition on optical images
Authors: Nguyen Duc Cuong , Muravyov Sergey V.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. The need to automate the processing large volumes of geophysical information extracted from images obtained through aerial photography or space remote sensing. The main stage of image processing for object recognition is segmentation. It consists in dividing the image into two homogeneous, clearly distinguishable non-overlapping areas with known boundaries. Threshold segmentation methods are simple but effective and therefore popular. Aim. To describe the experimental studies results of application of the robust method of interval fusion with preference aggregation previously developed by the authors for selecting threshold values when segmenting objects in optical images. Objects. Coastline images taken by Earth remote sensing satellites. Methods. The analyzed image is divided into equal bands. Based on the brightness histogram of each band, its characteristic brightness interval is determined. For the obtained brightness intervals, the fusion result is calculated using the interval fusion with preference aggregation method. The latter is used as a threshold brightness value when forming a segmented image. Results. The results of experimental studies of 100 satellite images of the coastline showed that the proposed method provided correct separation of land and sea regions in 84 images. And the traditional methods of maximum entropy, arithmetic averaging and Otsu showed correct results only in 27, 76 and 73 cases, respectively. Evaluations of such the metrics as Precision, Recall and deviation of the calculated threshold from a known correct value showed the dominance of the proposed method over other tested ones in terms of segmentation quality.
Effect of Vitamin E and Selenium Supplementation on Growth Performance and Heat Shock Protein 70 Levels in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Summer Heat Stress
Authors: Bora S. , Sonowal M. , Baishya P. , Mahanta J.D. , Saikia A.K. , Sarma M. , Deka P. , Borah P.
Published: March 2024

Background: The effect of vitamin E and Selenium supplementation in diet of broiler chicken on growth performance and Heat shock protein70 (HSP70) level under summer heat stress was studied. Methods: The current study was conducted on 240 day-old commercial broiler chicks, which were divided randomly into four treatment groups of 60 numbers, with three replicates of 20 in each group. The control (T0) group was allotted with basal diet, group T1 (basal diet + Vitamin E @ 100 mg/kg and Selenium @ 0.2 mg/kg), T2 (basal diet + Vitamin E @ 125 mg/kg and Selenium @ 0.25 mg/kg) and T3 (basal diet + Vitamin E @ 150 mg/kg and Selenium @ 0.3 mg/kg). Result: In the present study, it has been found that, vitamin E and selenium supplementation in the diet of heat stressed broilers influenced the body weight (P=0.002), Body weight gain (P=0.001), Feed Intake (P=0.311) and BPEI (P=0.013) but not the Feed conversion ratio. Dietary vitamin E and Selenium supplementation increased the dressing percentage (P less than 0.001), Breast meat yield percentage (P=0.004), Thigh yield percentage (P=0.018), Drum stick yield percentage (P=0.013) and decreased abdominal fat percentage (P=0.004) under heat stress. The Heat shock protein level was improved (P less than 0.001) by dietary supplementation of vitamin E and Selenium under heat stress. The study indicated that growth performance, carcass characteristics and HSP70 level could be improved by dietary vitamin E and Selenium supplementation under heat stress.
Retrospective Analysis of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Clinical Samples of Dogs in Grenada, West Indies
Authors: Hong Jieun , Sylvester Wayne , Alhassan Andy , Sharma Bhumika , Amadi Victor , Kumar Kamashi
Published: March 2024

Background: Clinical infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, imposing a severe economic burden. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram-negative bacterium, had demonstrated a prominent level of acquired antimicrobial resistance to its selective antimicrobials. Currently, there is no updated information about the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Grenada. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa from the clinical isolates of dogs in Grenada. Methods: This retrospective study used the diagnostic reports from January 2015 to December 2022. The diagnostic microbiology laboratory reports of canine patients at the Small Animal Clinic of St. George’s University in Grenada were analyzed to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa. Result: Among the various bacterial clinical isolates, ninety-one clinical samples were positive for P. aeruginosa. The antimicrobial susceptibility test pattern of these isolates revealed susceptibility to gentamicin (95.6 %), ceftazidime (96.7%), imipenem (97.7%) and ciprofloxacin (97.8%). The result of the present retrospective study illustrates that P. aeruginosa isolates from canine patients in Grenada are susceptible to the recommended antimicrobial drugs. However, this study also revealed the recent development of progressive antimicrobial resistance. This mandates the judicious use of antibacterial drugs against bacterial infections in Grenada.
Zinc Biofortification and Nutrient Management Effect on Growth, Yield and Yield Efficiency Index of Garden Pea under Himalayan Conditions
Authors: Pathak Stuti , Sharma H.R. , Ranga Aman , Shah M. Asif , Shukla Y.R.
Published: March 2024

Background: Biofortification, an evolving research strategy, aims to enhance the bioavailability of essential micronutrients in staple food crops. The most efficient approach, agronomic biofortification, involves the challenging task of simultaneously increasing grain zinc content and yield through breeding and biotechnology. In pursuit of biofortifying garden peas in the Himalayan region and optimizing their yield, this study was devised with a focus on foliar zinc fertilization application. Methods: The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The observations were recorded on growth and yield characters and yield efficiency was calculated. The data recorded was analysed as per design of the experiment for working out the following values. Result: The results revealed that application of 100 % RDF + 0.5 % ZnSO4+ Rhizobium produced best results in most of the yield and yield contributing characters likepod length, pod weight, number of grains per pod, yield and yield efficiency index which can be recommended for increasing the yield ad well as zinc content in pea.
Augmented Reality Mobile Application for Autism Spectrum Disorder Rehabilitation
Authors: Taufiq Milkhatussyafa'ah , Kurniawan Suhartono Bryan Fernando , Sabanari Hizkia Febriano , Musyaddad Muhammad Naufal , Rofiq Dzaky Ahmad
Published: March 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder in which a diagnosed child may have difficulty communicating socially or may have a repeated or limited set of behaviors. Recently, ASD cases have increased dramatically. This makes scientists interested in finding various drugs or therapies that can be used for children with autism. Social behavior therapy is one of therapy that has shown effectiveness in improving fundamental symptoms of ASD. With the rapid development of technology, social behavior therapy was then expanded by utilizing some of the latest technologies that can be beneficial for children with autism.  One of the therapies using the latest technology that can be utilized is making a quiz-based game by utilizing Augmented Reality (AR) to create 3D objects virtually. Spectrum Quiz is an example of an AR-based therapy game. This game is expected to improve the ability of children with autism to communicate socially. In the development of the Spectrum Quiz AR application, several tools are needed such as Adobe Illustrator, Unity, and Blender 3D.
Enhancing Employee Motivation: A TOPSIS-Based Decision Support System for Incentive Allocation through Performance Evaluation
Authors: Sutyawati Yuke Subaikah , Daniawan Benny
Published: March 2024

Information technology is developing rapidly and has a significant role in various aspects, one of which is making decisions to evaluate employee performance. Employee performance assessment is an important activity and is often carried out by companies to determine employee performance in a certain period. A company's progress is greatly influenced by the good and bad of the system that is running. The decision support system can improve and influence the assessment of existing performance in the company. If the decision support system is inadequate, it can lead to errors in decision-making. This research was conducted at PT. App Inti provides enthusiasm and motivation to employees, and the company performs performance assessments every six months, which will influence the adjustment of employee salary increases. However, the current assessment process still uses simple methods and often experiences difficulties assessing performance, making the assessments less effective. Because errors and inaccuracies often occur during assessments, to make it easier for companies to make decisions and help solve these problems, a decision support system was designed using the TOPSIS method. The TOPSIS is a multi-attribute decision-making method often used to complete practical decisions. Then, the results can be considered and help the company determine a decision based on the alternatives and criteria that the company has decided. Then, the results of this research can help companies determine which employees are more visible during the assessment. Then, the TOPSIS ranking results are used to adjust salary increases that have been selected by the company, thereby helping companies make decisions more quickly.Keywords: Performance Appraisal, Decision Support System, TOPSIS
A Clarification of the Concept of Clean Intermittent Catheterization Adherence Using the Evolutionary Method
Authors: Wickham Azadeh , Emerson Amanda , Russell Cynthia L.
Published: March 2024

Background and purpose:Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) nonadherence may lead to renal compromise, incontinence, and frequent urinary tract infections in patients with spinal cord injury and spinal dysraphism. Adherence to CIC lacks definition in the nursing literature despite implications for research and clinical practice, including patient education. The aim of this concept analysis was to analyze how CIC adherence is conceptualized and synthesize a definition for nursing.Method:Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis method was used to analyze the concept of CIC adherence in patients and caregivers. We searched databases to identify studies describing CIC adherence and identified common attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A definition was synthesized, and an exemplar was developed to illustrate the concept in practice.Results:Sixteen sources were analyzed. The attributes of CIC adherence were initiation, execution, including prescribed process and prescribed frequency, and persistence. Antecedents included the presence of neurogenic bladder, acceptance, and engagement. Consequences included improved health outcomes and quality of life.Implications for practice:Adherence to CIC lacks definition in the nursing literature despite implications for research and clinical practice. A unified definition of CIC adherence will facilitate nurses’ efforts to plan effective care, anticipate support barriers and opportunities, and develop strategies for improving CIC adherence.
HARMONIZING ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION: DECOUPLING POLLUTION FROM PROSPERITY
Authors:   Hefei No.1 High School, Anhui, China, Huang 1 Zihang
Published: March 2024

Environmental pollution and climate change effects being experienced by present global populations can be attributed to economic growth. With the increase in industrialization, the generation of waste without proper treatment and disposal has resulted in polluted air that risks the health of the population. It has also resulted in increased global earth temperatures, which have in turn affected the agricultural productivity of the earth, a primary source of livelihood for human populations. Despite these great consequences, there can be a harmonious existence of economic growth and reduced environmental pollution through decoupling. Government efforts are critical in the implementation of decoupling efforts, with their commitments expressed through policies and legislation.
ASYMMETRIC CARRIERS: SHIPPING TO HETEROGENEOUS CUSTOMERS UNDER PERSONALIZED PRICING
Authors:   School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China, Faqi Xie
Published: March 2024

Problem definition: We study two asymmetric information carriers that adopt personalized pricing to provide transportation services to end-market consumers. Consumers are heterogeneous in their sensitivity to the quality of the product arriving at their destination. Academic/practical relevance: Consumer dissatisfaction with personalized pricing and product quality may cause them to turn to competitors to satisfy their needs. Competition among carriers and information sharing strategies have the potential to transform carriers’ decisions and thus retain consumers. Methodology: We develop a two-period game model to capture carriers’ freight rates (personalized and non-personalized pricing) and information sharing decisions. Results: We find that market competition and quality-sensitivity information sharing do not affect the incumbent carrier’s personalized pricing but moderate the extent of it by the entrant carrier. In equilibrium, the high-type incumbent carrier can benefit from information sharing, but the high-type entrant carrier may suffer. We also find that a more competitive market may increase the incumbent carrier’s total profit and may decrease the total profit of the entrant carrier. Managerial implications: Our research provides guidance on carriers’ personalized pricing and whether a new entrant should strive to become the market leader. At the same time, our research also provides guidance on whether the informed carrier should share its strategic information.
PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS ON ONLINE ENGLISH LANGUAGE READING ASSESSMENTS – A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Authors:   English Department, CUHKFAA Chan Chun Ha Secondary School, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Regions of China, Tsun Derek Wong Sing
Published: March 2024

Past paper drilling has been a core component in the English Language subject of the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education (HKDSE), the university entrance examination in Hong Kong, China. Such drilling is normally done with pen and paper as this resembles the actual examination scenario. Nonetheless, this poses huge administrative costs when it comes to analysis of student work and performance. With such, various online platforms have been developed to allow students to complete past papers online. To investigate students’ perceptions towards using online platforms to complete examination papers, 25 Secondary 6 (Grade 12) students in a Hong Kong secondary school participated in a pilot programme in which they completed a HKDSE reading comprehension paper through an online platform accessed using school-provided Chromebooks in-class. Apart from using an online platform as the means of assessment, all other variables were kept controlled when compared to an actual in-school assessment. After the test, students were given tentative scores and immediate feedback generated through the platform’s auto-marking feature. They were also engaged in a short feedback session explaining their scores, strengths and weaknesses, before further follow-up sessions over the next few days centralizing on extra materials developed based on their weaknesses as identified in through their work. When comparing results from their pre-programme and post-programme surveys and when drawing on the teacher-researcher’s observation notes, findings showed that while initial perceptions of making use of an online platform to complete past papers saw an overall change from negative to positive, feedback was generally mixed in terms of technological requirements, efficiency, educational outcomes and physical demands. Given the increasing importance of digital devices in the modern-day classroom, this paper sheds light on students’ perceptions towards using e-assessment tools and applications in language learning, and holds particular importance in the future development of such platforms.
OPTIMIZING LEARNING: A META-ANALYSIS OF TIME MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
Authors:   International School of Foreign School, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, China, Liu Da
Published: March 2024

Effective time management skills are essential for academic success in university education. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive synthesis of time management strategies across diverse academic disciplines and the effectiveness of innovative teaching methods in promoting these skills. This meta-analysis aims to address this gap by systematically synthesizing empirical evidence from a wide range of scholarly sources, including peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and educational reports, to provide a nuanced understanding of the significance of time management in university education. Grounded in established theoretical frameworks such as the Time Management Behavior Theory and the Goal Setting Theory, this study offers a robust theoretical foundation for examining the interplay between time management strategies, academic performance outcomes, and pedagogical approaches in tertiary education settings. Variables and Conceptual Framework: Key variables under scrutiny include various time management interventions, academic performance metrics, and pedagogical innovations. The conceptual framework integrates principles from cognitive load theory and self-regulated learning to elucidate the mechanisms through which time management strategies influence student learning outcomes. Employing a meta-analysis approach, this study systematically synthesizes quantitative data from previous research to identify patterns, trends, and effect sizes. Meta-regression techniques are applied to explore potential moderating variables, while thematic analysis is used to extract common themes and best practices across different academic contexts. Findings and Conclusions: The meta-analysis reveals compelling evidence of a positive correlation between effective time management strategies and improved academic performance across diverse academic disciplines. Furthermore, innovative teaching methodologies that integrate time management principles into course curricula are found to significantly enhance student engagement, motivation, and overall learning outcomes. In light of these findings, the study advocates for the widespread adoption of tailored pedagogical approaches aimed at cultivating time management skills among university students, thereby empowering them to navigate the complexities of higher education successfully. This abstract provides a detailed overview of the study's background, literature gap, theoretical framework, variables, methodology, findings, and conclusions, emphasizing the use of meta-analysis as the primary methodological approach.
THE USE OF TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP LISTENING STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE MOROCCAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ LISTENING COMPREHENSION AND LANGUAGE SKILLS
Authors:   National School of Applied Sciences, Hassan I University, Settat, Morocco, Benjelloun Mounia
Published: March 2024

Listening is one of the most challenging skills for language learners; although they spend time listening to the teacher, their fellow students, and recordings, they are rarely exposed to listening strategies, which can help them become more effective and efficient listeners. Teaching methods mainly focus on productive skills compared to the listening skill, which has been considered the least understood and the most overlooked, until recently. (Nation & Newton, 2009). As a result, students encounter listening comprehension challenges and lack the appropriate language skills needed to complete listening and speaking tasks successfully. This study is, therefore, an attempt to investigate the impact of top-down and bottom-up listening strategies on improving Moroccan university students’ listening comprehension and language skills. Two groups of students, a controlled and an experimental, belonging to the same year and field took part in this study. Both groups were exposed to a pre-listening and a post-listening test, followed by speaking tasks. They were also exposed to listening tasks for about twelve weeks. The experimental group, however, were explicitly taught listening strategies for all stages of the listening tasks. This study adopts a qualitative approach to compare and analyze the results. Preliminary findings reveal that generally, both the controlled and experimental group improved their listening skills for gist. However, the use of bottom-up listening strategies has significantly proved effective in helping students of the experimental group to develop their listening comprehension for specific information and their oral production, which was more meaningful and efficient than that of the controlled group
The Role of Relationship Marketing Activities Carried out by Cargo Companies During The Covid-19 Pandemic on the Service Quality Perception of Corporate Customers
Authors: Yiğit Mükremin , Çakırkaya Murat
Published: March 2024

Purpose –In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, this study aims to investigate how relationship marketing initiatives implemented by cargo companies influence the service quality perceptions of their corporate clientele.Design/methodology/approach –This research focused on corporate customers located in Konya who utilized cargo services amidst the Covid-19 pandemic. Data belonging to 156 companies operating in Konya were collected by online or face-to-face survey method and analyzes were carried out on the answers given by the participants. In this study, various statistical techniques were utilized to analyze the datacomprehensively. These techniques included factor analysis to uncover underlying latent variables, reliability analysis to assess the consistency of measurements, correlation analysis to explore relationships between variables, and regression analysis to understand the predictive power of certain factors on the outcome variable.Findings –The study revealed that social bonds, a component of relationship marketing, have a moderate and statistically significant positive impact (r=0.506, p<0.05) on customers' perception of service quality. Structural bonds were found to have a weaker yet stillsignificant positive influence (r=0.338, p<0.05) on service quality perception. However, economic bonds showed no significant relationship (p=0.072, p>0.05) with service quality perception. In addition, it was determined that while social bondswere a significant predictor of service quality perception (f=18.952; p<.001), economic and structural bonds did not significantly predict service quality perception. Discussion –Amidst the challenging landscape of the Covid-19 pandemic, cargo companies emerged as unsung heroes, tirelessly ensuring the flow of essential goods even as communities stayed indoors. Despite the intensifying competitive environment, these companies prioritize fostering strong relationships with customers, striving to cultivate loyalty amidst uncertainty. Providing quality products and services is another important factor that enables businesses to compete in a tough competitive environment.
Optimization of Product Costs in the Food and Beverage Business: A Target Costing Approach
Authors: Kefe İlker , Çetin Betül
Published: March 2024

Purpose –The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of implementing the target costing method in a local food and beverage business, aiming to optimize product costs and boost product demand through cost reduction and pricing products below market prices.Design/methodology/approach –Interviews were conducted with business owners to develop standard recipe cards for the four products, and a comparison was made between current costs and target costs. Analysis of standard recipe cards for these products was performed to calculate material cost ratios, unit contributions, and contribution rates. The target costing method was implemented by adjusting the quantities of components and exploring supplier alternatives to reduce costs and increase target cost indices.Findings –The findings revealed that the target costing approach led to varying degrees of cost reduction and improved contribution margins for the four products. However, the desired enhancements in target cost indices were not fully achieved, highlighting the needfor further assessment of supply, pricing, and material sourcing.Discussion –The study highlights the potential of target costing in optimizing costs and stimulating demand in the food and beverage industry. It also suggested that additional research and adjustments might be necessary to fully realize the benefits of the target costing method in specific cases. Furthermore, comparing costs across multiple businesses or considering franchise establishments in future studies could offer more insights into the effectiveness of target costing in different scenarios.
Adaptation and Validation of Online Consumer Behavior, Acceptance and use of Tech, and Social Media Engagement Scales to Arabic: The case of Yemen
Authors: Murshed Nasr Abdulaziz , Uğurlu Enginbay
Published: March 2024

Purpose–The research aims to develop a robust tool for analyzing and comprehending consumer behavior concerning online shopping in Arab countries, with a specific focus on Yemen. Given the limited availability of Arabic scales in this context, the study employsa multi-scale adaptation approach to identify the factors influencing the adoption of online shopping and the role of social media engagement in targeting potential customers.Design/Methodology/Approach –The study follows established best practices, back translation, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as reliability and validity assessments, to create and validate the adapted scales using AMOS and SPSS software. The investigation uncovers distinct factors within the Arabic-adopted scales compared to their original versions. Findings –The research findings shed light on the unique factors influencing online shopping adoption and social media engagement in Arab countries, particularly in Yemen. The online consumer behavior scale reveals three factors: awareness, social cognition, and online business perception, while the extended scale derived from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology encompasses usability, price value, and adoption intention. in contrast, the social media engagement scale yields a single predominant factor. Discussion–The study's outcomes hold significant implications for shaping future models and understanding the distinct consumer behavior patterns in Yemen and similar countries. Furthermore, these insights can inform strategies to enhance the online shopping industry, ensuring it aligns with the specific needs and preferences of consumers in the region.
İşletme Pazarlama Yöneticilerinin Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Niğde ve Yöresinde Yapılan Bir Araştırma (Determining the Burnout Levels of Busıness Marketing Managers A Research in Niğde and its Region)
Authors: İri Ruhan
Published: March 2024

Amaç–Araştırma, tükenmişliğin işletme pazarlama alanındaki durumunu incelemek ve işletme yöneticilerinin (satış, pazarlama) tükenmişlik düzeylerine tükenmişlik düzeylerine yönelik bakış açısı ve düşünce düzeylerini ortaya koymak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.Yöntem–Araştırma geçmişte veya günümüzde halen varolan bir durum olan iş görenlerin tükenmişlik düzeylerininu, varolduğu şekliyle betimlemeyi amaçlayan tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.Araştırmada, pazarlama-satış yöneticilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla Maslach ve Jackson (1981) tarafından bulunan, Bakker vd. (2002) tarafından geliştirilen, Çapri (2006) tarafından tükenmişlik ölçeğinin geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışması olarak Türkçe uyarlaması yapılan ve yine Çapri, Gündüz ve Gökçakan (2011) tarafından uygulanan Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Formu (MTE-ÖF) kullanılmıştır. Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği doğrultusunda ve literatürde yer alan bilgilerden yararlanılarak düzenlenen anket formu 01-31 Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında, araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturan Niğde ve yöresindeki, yargısal olarak seçilen ve küçük-orta büyüklükteki toplam 353 işletme satış-pazarlama yöneticileriyle yüz yüze gerçekleştirilen anketlerden elde edilen veriler SPSS 27.0 paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Hipotez ya da model kurulmayan araştırmanın gerçekleştirilmesinde tarama yöntemi tercih edilmiş olup, verilerin değerlendirilmesinde pazarlama-satış yöneticilerinin bakış açısı ve düşünce düzeylerini belirlemede bazı tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile bağımsız gruplar için t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve farkın hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek amacıyla çoklu karşılaştırmalar için LSD post hoc teknikleri kullanılmıştır.Bulgular–Araştırma sonucu elde edilen veriler ve bulgular doğrultusunda, işletme pazarlama ve satış yöneticilerinin genel olarak düşük tükenme düzeylerine sahip oldukları söylenebilir. Niğde ve yöresindeki küçük-orta büyüklükteki işletme pazarlama ve satış yöneticilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin kişisel başarı eksikliği (yetkinlik) alt boyutu bakımından ise yüksek, duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma alt boyutları bakımından ise düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tartışma –Araştırma bulguları iş görenlerin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin cinsiyet, yaş, tecrübe durumu, eğitim ve gelir guruplarına göre farklılık olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca işletme pazarlama ve satış yöneticilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerine bakış açısı ve düşünce düzeyleri ile ilgili sınırlı sayıda yapılan araştırma nedeniyle literatüre katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir
İstismarcı Yönetimin Üretkenlik Karşıtı İş Davranışları Üzerine Etkisi: Sağlık Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma (The Effect of Abusive Management on Counterproductive Work Behaviours: A Study on Healthcare Professionals)
Authors: Damar Arif , Demir Filiz , Öztürk Mehtap
Published: March 2024

Amaç –Yöneticilerin güç ve yetkilerini kullanarak çalışanlara kötü davranmaları, bağırmaları, öfkelenmeleri, onlarla alay etmeleri onlara psikolojik olarak zarar vermekte ve onları yaptıkları işe ve örgüte karşı negatif duygulara sahip olmasına neden olmaktadır.Bu araştırmanın amacı, sağlık çalışanlarının istismarcı yönetim algılarının üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları (ÜKİD) üzerine etkisini belirlemektir. Ayrıca araştırmada, Yang ve Diefendorff (2009)tarafından geliştirilen ÜKİD’nın ölçümüne yönelik ölçüm aracının geçerlik ve güvenirliğitest edilmiştir.Yöntem –Bu araştırmada nicel araştırmalardan nedensel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile 441 sağlık çalışanından anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, ilişkisiz t-testi, açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri ile yol analizinden yararlanılmıştır.Bulgular –Yang ve Diefendorff (2009)tarafından geliştirilenÜretkenlik Karşıtı İş Davranışları (ÜKİD) Ölçeği’nin Türkiye’de farklı yöntem ve uygulamalarda, çalışanların ÜKİD’nı incelemek amacıyla kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu araştırma kapsamında istismarcı yönetimin çalışanların ÜKİDüzerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ve pozitif etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Tartışma –Sağlık sektöründe örgüt iklimi ve örgüt kültürüyle ilgili çalışmalara önem verilerek sağlık yöneticilerinin olumsuz lider davranışlarıyla ilgili bilgilendirilmelerinin çalışanların işlerine karşı olumsuz davranışlarının azaltılmasında önemli bir başlangıç noktası olacağı düşünülmektedir.