bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of Mature Cystic Teratoma Arising from the Fourth Ventricle
Authors: Sanyal Parikshit , Barui Sanghita , Mathur Smriti , Basak Utpal
Published: May 2013

Intracranial teratomas represent a rare lesion accounting for 0.1%–0.7% of all intracranial tumors. Those in the fourth ventricle have rarely been reported. The present case is that of a 28-year-old man with occipital headache for two months. MRI examination revealed a well-defined extra-axial cystic lesion in posterior fossa in the midline herniating through the foramen magnum. Pre operatively, the mass was seen to be occupying the whole of the posterior fossa and arising from the roof of the fourth ventricle. On gross examination, the lesion had both solid and cystic components. Histopathological examination showed multiple cystic areas lined by brain tissue admixed with islands of cartilage and salivary gland elements and intestinal type glands. A diagnosis of mature cystic teratoma was made.
ZnO Thin Film Deposition for TCO Application in Solar Cell
Authors: Agrawal S. , Rane R. , Mukherjee S.
Published: May 2013

ZnO is a well-known suitable candidate for the Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO) layer of thin film compound solar cells. In this paper we have discussed the deposition of ZnO thin film on glass substrate by reactive DC magnetron sputtering using oxygen as a reactive gas. Samples are prepared by varying oxygen flow rates during the deposition process. After deposition, samples are annealed at 300°C for 2 hours in vacuum environment. All the properties of the film are measured before and after annealing. All the samples are tested for the optical transparency, band gap, and electrical resistivity before and after annealing. Band gap of film is observed to be 3.2 eV. XRD and SEM measurements of the samples show the variation in the crystal structure and surface morphology of the film with varying oxygen flow rate and annealing also. Around 600 nm thick ZnO film with 1.5×10-3 Ω·cm resistivity and 80% transparency without any doping is achieved.
Dipping Technique for Ureteroileal Anastomosis in Orthotopic Ileal Neobladder: 20-Year Experience in 670 Patients—No Stenosis with Preservation of the Upper Tract
Authors: Wishahi Mohamed M. , Elganzoury Hosam , Elkhouly Amr , Mehena Ahmed
Published: May 2013

Objectives. Many techniques were described for ureteroileal anastomosis in orthotopic bladder substitution, ranging from nonrefluxing to refluxing techniques, all aiming at preservation of the upper tract. We describe our technique of dipping the ureter into the ileal pouch, which is simple and had no complications.Patients and Methods. Our technique implies dipping the ureter in the lateral side of the pouch, in right and left corners, with two rows of four sutures fixing the seromuscular layer of the ureter to the seromuscular layer of the ileal pouch. The procedure was applied in both normal ureteric calibre and dilated ureter. Total number of procedures done was 1,340 ureters in 670 patients after radical cystectomy for invasive carcinoma of the bladder of urothelial and nonurothelial cancer.Results. Followup of patients every six months and onward did not show stenosis in the ureteroileal anastomotic site. Filling of the ureter with contrast dye on ascending pouchogram was observed in patients who had considerably dilated ureters at the time of cystectomy. Normal ureter did not show clinical reflux but radiological filling of the ureter when the intravesical pressure exceeded the leak point pressure. Time to perform the dipping technique was 5–7 minutes for each site.Conclusion. Dipping technique for ureteroileal anastomosis in orthotopic ileal neobladder avoids the incidence of stenosis, preserves the upper tract, is a fast procedure, stands the evaluation in long-term followup, and was practiced successfully for twenty years.
New Aspects on Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Neumann Johannes Tobias , Blankenberg Stefan
Published: May 2013

Besideestablished diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines, several new approaches for the treatment of hypertension are emerging. Newer studies reveal the importance of individualized reference values for the treatment of high blood pressure. Several biomarkers have shown a predictive value for the development of hypertension, which in future might help to develop an individual risk score and therapeutic goals. In patients with therapy-resistant hypertension, renal denervation therapy offers a safe and effective therapeutic option. Follow-up studies reported a reduction of systolic blood pressure up to 32 mmHg after 24 months. A more invasive approach is the implantation of a baroreceptor stimulator, which as well was effective in treating high blood pressure. These new aspects on arterial hypertension are presented in this paper.
Obesity and Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: Fujimoto Ai , Hoteya Shu , Iizuka Toshiro , Ogawa Osamu , Mitani Toshifumi , Kuroki Yuichiro , Matsui Akira , Nakamura Masanori , Kikuchi Daisuke , Yamashita Satoshi , Furuhata Tsukasa , Yamada Akihiro , Nishida Noriko , Arase Koji , Hashimoto Mitsuyo , Igarashi Yoshinori , Kaise Mitsuru
Published: May 2013

The prevalence of obesity in the Japanese population has been increasing dramatically in step with the Westernization of lifestyles and food ways. Our study demonstrated significant associations between obesity and a number of gastrointestinal disorders in a large sample population in Japan. We demonstrated that reflux esophagitis and hiatal hernia were strongly related to obesity (BMI > 25) in the Japanese. In particular, obesity with young male was a high risk for these diseases. On the other hand, it has been reported that obesity is also associated with Barrett’s esophagus and colorectal adenoma; however, obesity was not a risk factor for these diseases in our study. The difference of ethnicity of our subjects may partly explain why we found no data to implicate obesity as a risk factor for Barrett’s esophagus. Arterial sclerosis associated with advanced age and hyperglycemia was accompanied by an increased risk of colorectal adenoma.
To What Factors Do Rural-Dwelling Hispanics Attribute Depressive Symptoms?
Authors: Vahia Ipsit V. , Camacho Alvaro , Depp Colin A. , Herrera Angelica , Thompson Wesley K. , Munoz Rodrigo , Jeste Dilip V. , Ng Bernardo
Published: May 2013

This study is a retrospective chart review comparing rural-dwelling Caucasian and Hispanic outpatients’ attribution of depressive symptoms. Based on the data gathered at intake, Hispanics were more likely to attribute depression to curse/spell and supernatural causes, while Caucasians were more likely to attribute symptoms to hereditary factors or job stress. Among both groups, higher CESD score was associated with problems with significant others or how they got along with others. Among Hispanics, depression severity was additionally associated with problems related to job or finances. Our findings point to a consequential role for clinical inquiry into attributed causes of depressive symptoms.
New Interval Oscillation Criteria for Certain Linear Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Shao Jing , Meng Fanwei
Published: May 2013

Using a generalized Riccati transformation and the general integral means technique, some new interval oscillation criteria for the linear matrix Hamiltonian systemU'=(A(t)-λ(t)I)U+B(t)V,V'=C(t)U+(μ(t)I-A*(t))V,t≥t0are obtained. These results generalize and improve the oscillation criteria due to Zheng (2008). An example is given to dwell upon the importance of our results.
On Certain Inequalities for Neuman-Sándor Mean
Authors: Qian Wei-Mao , Chu Yu-Ming
Published: May 2013

We present several new sharp bounds for Neuman-Sándor mean in terms of arithmetic, centroidal, quadratic, harmonic root square, and contraharmonic means.
Renal Denervation Therapy: Indications and Success Factors
Authors: Stangl Karl , Stangl Verena , Schwerg Marius , Searle Julia , Möckel Martin
Published: May 2013

Arterial hypertension is a common and an increasing health care problem. In Germany and other Western countries, prevalence rates are as high as 50%. Of these, 13% of patients suffer from refractory hypertension, where the target blood pressure is not achievable with >3 antihypertensive substances. Renal denervation therapy (RDT) is a relatively new, catheterization-based intervention to treat patients with refractory hypertension. The rationale of RDT is the mechanical destruction with high frequency ablation of renal sympathetic fibers, which can be easily accessed via the renal artery. The first clinical trials evaluating effect and safety of the procedure have been promising, and RDT is being routinely used in specialized centers.
Differential Regulation of Inflammation and Immunity in Mild and Severe Experimental Asthma
Authors: Sagar Seil , Verheijden Kim A. T. , Georgiou Niki A. , Garssen Johan , Kraneveld Aletta D. , Vos Arjan P. , Folkerts Gert
Published: May 2013

This study aimed at exploring innate and adaptive immunity in allergic asthma by investigation of mRNA expression of pattern recognition receptors, T-cell-specific cytokines, and transcription factors. Mouse models for mild and severe asthma, with similar pathological characteristics observed in humans, were used to study the involved inflammatory markers as a first step in the development of phenotype-directed treatment approaches. In the mild model, mice were sensitized to ovalbumin-Imject Alum and challenged with ovalbumin. In the severe model, mice were sensitized to trinitrophenyl-conjugated ovalbumin and challenged with trinitrophenyl-ovalbumin/IgE immune complex. Pulmonary airway inflammation and mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), T cell cytokines, and transcription factors in lung tissue were examined. Different mRNA expression profiles of TLRs, NLRs, T cell cytokines, and transcription factors were observed. In the mild model,Il10showed the largest increase in expression, whereas in the severe model, it wasInfγwith the largest increase. Expression ofTbetwas also significantly increased in the severe model. Inflammation and immunity are differentially regulated in mild and severe experimental asthma. This preclinical data may help in directing clinical research towards a better understanding and therapy in mild and severe asthmatic patients.
Hypothalamus-Related Resting Brain Network Underlying Short-Term Acupuncture Treatment in Primary Hypertension
Authors: Chen Hongyan , Dai Jianping , Zhang Xiaozhe , Wang Kai , Huang Shuhua , Cao Qingtian , Wang Hong , Liang Yuhong , Shi Chuanying , Li Mengyuan , Ha Tingting , Ai Lin , Li Shaowu , Ma Jun , Wei Wenjuan , You Youbo , Liu Zhenyu , Tian Jie , Bai Lijun
Published: May 2013

The present study attempted to explore modulated hypothalamus-seeded resting brain network underlying the cardiovascular system in primary hypertensive patients after short-term acupuncture treatment. Thirty right-handed patients (14 male) were divided randomly into acupuncture and control groups. The acupuncture group received a continuous five-day acupuncture treatment and undertook three resting-state fMRI scans and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as well as SF-36 questionnaires before, after, and one month after acupuncture treatment. The control group undertook fMRI scans and 24-hour ABPM. For verum acupuncture, average blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) decreased after treatment but showed no statistical differences. There were no significant differences in BP and HR between the acupuncture and control groups. Notably, SF-36 indicated that bodily pain (P= 0.005) decreased and vitality (P= 0.036) increased after acupuncture compared to the baseline. The hypothalamus-related brain network showed increased functional connectivity with the medulla, brainstem, cerebellum, limbic system, thalamus, and frontal lobes. In conclusion, short-term acupuncture did not decrease BP significantly but appeared to improve body pain and vitality. Acupuncture may regulate the cardiovascular system through a complicated brain network from the cortical level, the hypothalamus, and the brainstem.
Atypical Presentation of Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor in a Child
Authors: Udaka Y. T. , Shayan K. , Chuang N. A. , Crawford J. R.
Published: May 2013

Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT) is a rare malignant intracranial neoplasm more commonly diagnosed in young children. The authors report the case of an 11-year-old boy with a long standing history of slowly progressive weight loss, fatigue, and weakness over 1.5 years whose magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large heterogeneous enhancing dorsally exophytic lower brainstem mass. Examination revealed extreme cachexia, gaze-evoked nystagmus, dysphagia, dysarthria, bilateral dysmetria, and global weakness without ambulation. The protracted history and neuroimaging features were most suggestive of a low grade glioma. However, pathology revealed a hypercellular tumor with large hyperchromatic nucleoli and loss of INI-1 staining on immunohistochemistry consistent with a diagnosis of an ATRT. The child died shortly after surgery due to complications from his brainstem infiltrative disease. This case illustrates the diverse presentation of ATRT in childhood that can clinically and radiographically mimic that of low grade glioma.
Uncommon Mixed Type I and II Choledochal Cyst: An Indonesian Experience
Authors: Siahaya Fransisca J. , Lalisang Toar J. M. , Jeo Wifanto S. , Simanjuntak Arnold B. H. , Philippi Benny
Published: May 2013

Bile duct cyst is an uncommon disease worldwide; however, its incidence is remarkably high in Asian population, primarily in children. Nevertheless, the mixed type choledochal cysts are extremely rare especially in adults. A case report of a 20-year-old female with a history of upper abdominal pain that was diagnosed with cholecystitis with stone and who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy is discussed. Choledochal malformation was found intraoperatively. Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRCP) and USG after first surgery revealed extrahepatic fusiform dilatation of the CBD; therefore, provisional diagnosis of type I choledochal cyst was made. Complete resection of the cyst was performed, and a mixed type I and II choledochal cyst was found intraoperatively. Bile duct reconstruction was carried out with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. The mixed type I and II choledochal cysts are rare in adults, and this is the third adult case that has been reported. The mixed type can be missed on radiology imaging, and diagnosing the anomaly is only possible after a combination of imaging and intraoperative findings. Mixed type choledochal cyst classification should not be added to the existing classification since it does not affect the current operative techniques.
Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement during Pregnancy: An Adjuvant Option When Medical Therapy Fails
Authors: Valadares Sara , Serrano Fátima , Torres Rita , Borges Augusta
Published: May 2013

The authors present a case of a 27-year-old multiparous woman, with multiple thrombophilia, whose pregnancy was complicated with deep venous thrombosis requiring placement of a vena cava filter. At 15th week of gestation, following an acute deep venous thrombosis of the right inferior limb, anticoagulant therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was instituted without improvement in her clinical status. Subsequently, at 18 weeks of pregnancy, LMWH was switched to warfarin. At 30th week of gestation, the maintenance of high thrombotic risk was the premise for placement of an inferior vena cava filter for prophylaxis of pulmonary embolism during childbirth and postpartum. There were no complications and a vaginal delivery was accomplished at 37 weeks of gestation. Venal placement of inferior vena cava filters is an attractive option as prophylaxis for pulmonary embolism during pregnancy.
A Matrix Approach for Divisibility Properties of the Generalized Fibonacci Sequence
Authors: Yalçiner Aynur
Published: May 2013

We give divisibility properties of the generalized Fibonacci sequence by matrix methods. We also present new recursive identities for the generalized Fibonacci and Lucas sequences.
Comparison of Analytical Solution of DGLAP Equations forF2NS(x,t)at Smallxby Two Methods
Authors: Borah Neelakshi N. K. , Choudhury D. K. , Sahariah P. K.
Published: May 2013

The DGLAP equation for the nonsinglet structure functionF2NS(x,t)at LO is solved analytically at lowxby converting it into a partial differential equation in two variables: Bjorkenxandt  (t=ln(Q2/Λ2)and then solved by two methods: Lagrange’s auxiliary method and the method of characteristics. The two solutions are then compared with the available data on the structure function. The relative merits of the two solutions are discussed calculating the chi-square with the used data set.
Raman and FTIR Studies on PECVD Grown Ammonia-Free Amorphous Silicon Nitride Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Ahmed Nafis , Singh Chandra Bhal , Bhattacharya S. , Dhara S. , Bhargav P. Balaji
Published: May 2013

Ammonia- (NH3-) free, hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride (a-SiNx:H) thin films have been deposited using silane (SiH4) and nitrogen (N2) as source gases by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD). During the experiment, SiH4 flow rate has been kept constant at 5 sccm, whereas N2 flow rate has been varied from 2000 to 1600 sccm. The effect of nitrogen flow on SiNx:H films has been verified using Raman analysis studies. Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy analysis has been carried out to identify all the possible modes of vibrations such as Si–N, Si–H, and N–H present in the films, and the effect of nitrogen flow on these parameters is correlated. The refractive index of the above-mentioned films has been calculated using UV-VIS spectroscopy measurements by Swanepoel’s method.
Computational Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil Fitted with Coandă Jet
Authors: Djojodihardjo H. , Abdul Hamid M. F. , Jaafar A. A. , Basri S. , Romli F. I. , Mustapha F. , Rafie A. S. Mohd , Abdul Majid D. L. A.
Published: May 2013

Various methods of flow control for enhanced aerodynamic performance have been developed and applied to enhance and control the behavior of aerodynamic components. The use of Coandă effect for the enhancement of circulation and lift has gained renewed interest, in particular with the progress of CFD. The present work addresses the influence, effectiveness, and configuration of Coandă-jet fitted aerodynamic surface for improving lift andL/D, specifically for S809 airfoil, with a view on its incorporation in the wind turbine. A simple two-dimensional CFD modeling usingk-ɛturbulence model is utilized to reveal the key elements that could exhibit the desired performance for a series of S809 airfoil configurations. Parametric study performed indicates that the use of Coandă-jet S809 airfoil can only be effective in certain range of trailing edge rounding-off radius, Coandă-jet thickness, and momentum jet size. The location of the Coandă-jet was found to be effective when it is placed close to the trailing edge. The results are compared with experimental data for benchmarking. Three-dimensional configurations are synthesized using certain acceptable assumptions. A trade-off study on the S809 Coandă configured airfoil is needed to judge the optimum configuration of Coandă-jet fitted Wind-Turbine design.
Alterations of Blood-Brain Barrier and Associated Factors in Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Cui Wei , Sun Cui-Ming , Liu Pei
Published: May 2013

Brain edema in acute liver failure (ALF) remains lethal. Cytotoxic mechanisms associated with brain edema have been well recognized, but the role of vasogenic mechanisms of brain edema has not been explored. Intact tight junctions (TJs) between brain capillary endothelial cells are critical for normal BBB function. Recent reports found significant alterations in the tight junction elements including occludin and claudin-5, suggesting a vasogenic injury in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. However, the role of TJ in ALF has not been completely understood. This paper reviews the role of the paracellular tight junction in the increased selective BBB permeability that leads to brain edema in ALF and furthermore explores the effect of systemic inflammatory cytokines on the tight junction dysfunction.
The Characterization of the Variational Minimizers for Spatial RestrictedN+1-Body Problems
Authors: Li Fengying , Zhang Shiqing , Zhao Xiaoxiao
Published: May 2013

We use Jacobi's necessary condition for the variational minimizer to study the periodic solution for spatial restrictedN+1-body problems with a zero mass on the vertical axis of the plane forNequal masses. We prove that the minimizer of the Lagrangian action on the anti-T/2 or odd symmetric loop space must be a nonconstant periodic solution for any2≤N≤472; hence the zero mass must oscillate, so that it cannot be always in the same plane with the other bodies. This result contradicts with our intuition that the small mass should always be at the origin.
High Sensitivity Optically Pumped Quantum Magnetometer
Authors: Tiporlini Valentina , Alameh Kamal
Published: May 2013

Quantum magnetometers based on optical pumping can achieve sensitivity as high as what SQUID‐based devices can attain. In this paper, we discuss the principle of operation and the optimal design of an optically pumped quantum magnetometer. The ultimate intrinsic sensitivity is calculated showing that optimal performance of the magnetometer is attained with an optical pump power of 20 μW and an operation temperature of 48°C. Results show that the ultimate intrinsic sensitivity of the quantum magnetometer that can be achieved is 327 fT/Hz1/2 over a bandwidth of 26 Hz and that this sensitivity drops to 130 pT/Hz1/2 in the presence of environmental noise. The quantum magnetometer is shown to be capable of detecting a sinusoidal magnetic field of amplitude as low as 15 pT oscillating at 25 Hz.
Angiogenesis and Endometriosis
Authors: Rocha Ana Luiza L. , Reis Fernando M. , Taylor Robert N.
Published: May 2013

A comprehensive review was performed to survey the role of angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. This is a multifactorial disease in which the development and maintenance of endometriotic implants depend on their invasive capacity and angiogenic potential. The peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis is a complex suspension carrying inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, steroid hormones, proangiogenic factors, macrophages, and endometrial and red blood cells. These cells and their signaling products concur to promote the spreading of new blood vessels at the endometriotic lesions and surroundings, which contributes to the endometriotic implant survival. Experimental studies of several antiangiogenic agents demonstrated the regression of endometriotic lesions by reducing their blood supply. Further studies are necessary before these novel agents can be introduced into clinical practice, in particular the establishment of the safety of anti-angiogenic medications in women who are seeking to become pregnant.
Dynamic Analysis of an SEIR Model with Distinct Incidence for Exposed and Infectives
Authors: Li Junhong , Cui Ning
Published: May 2013

An SEIR model with vaccination strategy that incorporates distinct incidence rates for the exposed and the infected populations is studied. By means of Lyapunov function and LaSalle’s invariant set theorem, we proved the global asymptotical stable results of the disease‐free equilibrium. The sufficient conditions for the global stability of the endemic equilibrium are obtained using the compound matrix theory. Furthermore, the method of direct numerical simulation of the system shows that there is a periodic solution, when the system has three equilibrium points.
The Link between Ankylosing Spondylitis, Crohn’s Disease,Klebsiella, and Starch Consumption
Authors: Rashid Taha , Wilson Clyde , Ebringer Alan
Published: May 2013

Both ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are chronic and potentially disabling interrelated conditions, which have been included under the group of spondyloarthropathies. The results of a large number of studies support the idea that an enteropathic pathogen,Klebsiella pneumoniae, is the most likely triggering factor involved in the initiation and development of these diseases. Increased starch consumptions by genetically susceptible individuals such as those possessing HLA-B27 allelotypes could trigger the disease in both AS and CD by enhancing the growth and perpetuation of theKlebsiellamicrobes in the bowel. Exposure to increased levels of these microbes will lead to the production of elevated levels of anti-Klebsiellaantibodies as well as autoantibodies against cross-reactive self-antigens with resultant pathological lesions in the bowel and joints. Hence, a decrease of starch-containing products in the daily dietary intake could have a beneficial therapeutic effect on the disease especially when used in conjunction with the currently available medical therapies in the treatment of patients with AS and CD.
Determination of Aflatoxin B1 Levels in Organic Spices and Herbs
Authors: Tosun Halil , Arslan Recep
Published: May 2013

Organically produced spices and herbs were analyzed for determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by ELISA using immunoaffinity column. For this purpose 93 organic spices and 37 organic herbs were randomly selected from organic markets and organic shops in Turkey. AFB1 was detected in 58 organic spice and 32 organic herb samples. Among organic spice samples, the maximum value was detected in cinnamon sample (53 μg/kg). AFB1 was not detected in thyme samples. AFB1 levels of 41 organic spice samples were above the EU regulatory limit (5 μg/kg). Among organic herb samples the highest concentration of AFB1 (52.5 μg/kg) was detected in a rosehip sample. AFB1 levels of 21 organic herb samples were above the regulatory limits of the European Union. These results showed that more stringent measures must be taken for the prevention of mold contamination in the production of organic spices and herbs.
Biomarker Diagnostics in Acute Cardiac and Noncardiac Dyspnea: Is There a Role for Point-of-Care Testing?
Authors: Peetz Dirk
Published: May 2013

The use of biomarkers in acute chest pain and dyspnea is well established and point-of-care testing (POCT) is increasingly used in emergency departments and chest pain units for this purpose. However, few data give evidence that POCT has advantages for the patient or the medical process over central laboratory testing. Especially for troponin testing in patients with myocardial infarction, the newest guidelines define prerequisites on diagnostic test quality which most POC assays do not fulfill. Additionally, no data are available showing that POCT has relevant effect on a change of physician’s diagnostic and therapeutic thinking compared to laboratory testing. Regarding patient outcomes and societal costs, central laboratory testing seems to be even superior to POCT. The main limit of currently available POC troponin assays is the higher limit of detection and higher imprecision compared to the new high sensitive laboratory assays. However, new upcoming POC technologies may perform comparable to today’s laboratory analyzers.
Multiobjective Optimization Design of a Fractional Order PID Controller for a Gun Control System
Authors: Gao Qiang , Chen Jilin , Wang Li , Xu Shiqing , Hou Yuanlong
Published: May 2013

Motion control of gun barrels is an ongoing topic for the development of gun control equipments possessing excellent performances. In this paper, a typical fractional order PID control strategy is employed for the gun control system. To obtain optimal parameters of the controller, a multiobjective optimization scheme is developed from the loop‐shaping perspective. To solve the specified nonlinear optimization problem, a novel Pareto optimal solution based multiobjective differential evolution algorithm is proposed. To enhance the convergent rate of the optimization process, an opposition based learning method is embedded in the chaotic population initialization process. To enhance the robustness of the algorithm for different problems, an adapting scheme of the mutation operation is further employed. With assistance of the evolutionary algorithm, the optimal solution for the specified problem is selected. The numerical simulation results show that the control system can rapidly follow the demand signal with high accuracy and high robustness, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed controller parameter tuning method.
A Privacy-Preserving Reauthentication Scheme for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Jiang Shunrong , Zhang Jiapeng , Miao JingJun , Zhou Conghua
Published: May 2013

The mobile wireless sensor network (MWSN) is a new style WSN with mobile sinks or sensors in the network. MWSN has advantages over static WSN in the aspect of better energy efficiency, improved coverage, and superior channel capacity. However, mobile nodes also bring some security problems. For example, it is difficult to ensure secure communications among the mobile nodes and static nodes. In this paper, we design a lightweight mobile reauthentication protocol for mobile nodes. The designed protocol provides forward secure pairwise key for the mobile node when it moves from one cluster to another. Thus, the mobile sensor node can be authenticated by the new cluster head, and the privacy of his origin area is protected. In addition, the security and performance analysis shows that our scheme meets the need of lower communication and computation overhead, while achieving security requirement for mobile sensor node application in MWSN.
On the Hermite-Hadamard Inequality and Other Integral Inequalities Involving Several Functions
Authors: Sroysang Banyat
Published: May 2013

We present some new Hermite-Hadamard-type inequalities and other integral inequalities involving several functions.
On Adaptive Energy-Efficient Transmission in WSNs
Authors: Tahir M. , Javaid N. , Iqbal A. , Khan Z. A. , Alrajeh N.
Published: May 2013

One of the major challenges in design of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is to reduce energy consumption of sensor nodes to prolong lifetime of finite capacity batteries. In this paper, we propose energy-efficient adaptive scheme for transmission (EAST) in WSNs. EAST is an IEEE 802.15.4 standard compliant. In this scheme, open-looping feedback process is used for temperature-aware link quality estimation and compensation, wherea closed-loop feedback process helps to divide network into three logical regions to minimize overhead of control packets. Threshold on transmitter power loss ([Formula: see text]) and current number of nodes ([Formula: see text]( t)) in each region help to adapt transmit power level ([Formula: see text]) according to link quality changes due to temperature variation. Evaluation of the proposed scheme is done by considering mobile sensor nodes and reference node both static and mobile. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme effectively adapts transmission [Formula: see text] to changing link quality with less control packets overhead and energy consumption as compared to classical approach with single region in which maximum transmitter [Formula: see text] assigned to compensate temperature variation.
Topical Administration of Manuka Oil Prevents UV-B Irradiation-Induced Cutaneous Photoaging in Mice
Authors: Kwon Oh Sook , Jung Seung Hee , Yang Beom Seok
Published: May 2013

Manuka tree is indigenous to New Zealand, and its essential oil has been used as a traditional medicine to treat wounds, fever, and pain. Although there is a growing interest in the use of manuka oil for antiaging skin care products, little is known about its bioactivity. Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the primary environmental factor causing skin damage and consequently premature aging. Therefore, we evaluated manuka oil for its effects against photoaging in UV-B-irradiated hairless mice. Topical application of manuka oil suppressed the UV-B-induced increase in skin thickness and wrinkle grading in a dose-dependent manner. Application of 10% manuka oil reduced the average length, depth, and % area of wrinkles significantly, and this was correlated with inhibition of loss of collagen fiber content and epidermal hyperplasia. Furthermore, we observed that manuka oil could suppress UV-B-induced skin inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, this study provides evidence that manuka oil indeed possesses antiphotoaging activity, and this is associated with its inhibitory activity against skin inflammation induced by UV irradiation.
Burden of Oncothermia: Why Is It Special?
Authors: Szasz Oliver
Published: May 2013

There are many contradictory opinions about conventional hyperthermia in oncology. The main points are the physical and technical imperfection of classical heating, as well as the limits of the natural physiological feedback of the organism. We would like to present the definitive differences between oncothermia and conventional hyperthermia, explaining the new line of problem solving in this important field of oncology.
Oncothermia as Personalized Treatment Option
Authors: Szasz Oliver , Andocs Gabor , Meggyeshazi Nora
Published: May 2013

Oncothermia is a nanoheating technology personalized for individual status depending on the state, stage, grade, and other personal factors. The guiding line of the treatment keeps the homeostatic control as much effective as possible. One of the crucial points is the surface heat regulation, which has to be carefully done by the electrode systems. The applied stepup heating supports the physiological selection. Recognizing the hysteresis type of SAR-temperature, development of the protocol could be well conducted. Using the Weibull distribution function of the transport processes as well as considering the typical physiological relaxation time of the tissues, special protocols can be developed. It has wide-range applicability for every solid tumor, irrespective of its primary or metastatic form. It could be applied complementary to all the known oncotherapy methods. It is applicable in higher lines of the therapy protocols, even in the refractory and relapsed cases as well.
Physiological Properties and Salmonella Growth Inhibition of Probiotic Bacillus Strains Isolated from Environmental and Poultry Sources
Authors: Menconi Anita , Morgan Marion J. , Pumford Neil R. , Hargis Billy M. , Tellez Guillermo
Published: May 2013

The objective of the present study was to describe the physiological properties of seven potential probiotic strains of Bacillus spp. Isolates were characterized morphologically, biochemically, and by 16S rRNA sequence analyses for identification. Tolerance to acidic pH, high osmotic concentrations of NaCl, and bile salts were tested. Isolates were also evaluated for their ability to metabolize different carbohydrates sources. The antimicrobial sensitivity profiles were determined. Inhibition of gastrointestinal Salmonella colonization in an avian model was also evaluated. Five strains of Bacillus were tolerant to acidic conditions (pH 2.0) and all strains were tolerant to a high osmotic pressure (NaCl at 6.5%). Moreover, all strains were able to tolerate concentration of 0.037% bile salts after 24 h of incubation. Three strains were able to significantly reduce Salmonella Typhimurium levels in the crop and in the ceca of broiler-type chickens. Among the 12 antibiotics tested for antibiotic resistance, all strains were resistant to bacitracin and susceptible to gentamycin, neomycin, ormethoprim, triple sulfa, and spectinomycin. Bacterial spore formers have been shown to prevent gastrointestinal diseases in animals and humans. The results obtained in this study show important characteristics to be evaluated when selecting Bacillus spp. candidates to be used as probiotics.
Immunoreactivity of Pluripotent Markers SSEA-5 and L1CAM in Human Tumors, Teratomas, and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Cassidy Linda , Choi Meerim , Meyer Jason , Chang Rui , Seigel Gail M.
Published: May 2013

Pluripotent stem cell markers can be useful for diagnostic evaluation of human tumors. The novel pluripotent marker stage-specific embryonic antigen-5 (SSEA-5) is expressed in undifferentiated human induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs), but little is known about SSEA-5 expression in other primitive tissues (e.g., human tumors). We evaluated SSEA-5 immunoreactivity patterns in human tumors, cell lines, teratomas, and iPS cells together with another pluripotent cell surface marker L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM). We tested two hypotheses: (1) SSEA-5 and L1CAM would be immunoreactive and colocalized in human tumors; (2) SSEA-5 and L1CAM immunoreactivity would persist in iPSCs following retinal differentiating treatment. SSEA-5 immunofluorescence was most pronounced in primitive tumors, such as embryonal carcinoma. In tumor cell lines, SSEA-5 was highly immunoreactive in Capan-1 cells, while L1CAM was highly immunoreactive in U87MG cells. SSEA-5 and L1CAM showed colocalization in undifferentiated iPSCs, with immunopositive iPSCs remaining after 20 days of retinal differentiating treatment. This is the first demonstration of SSEA-5 immunoreactivity in human tumors and the first indication of SSEA-5 and L1CAM colocalization. SSEA-5 and L1CAM warrant further investigation as potentially useful tumor markers for histological evaluation or as markers to monitor the presence of undifferentiated cells in iPSC populations prior to therapeutic use.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Luminescence Properties of a New Calcium(II) Coordination Polymer Based on L‐Malic Acid
Authors: Senthil Raja Duraisamy , Luo Jheng-Hong , Chang Ting-Guang , Lo Sheng-Han , Wu Cheng-You , Lin Chia-Her
Published: May 2013

A new calcium coordination polymer [Ca(HL‐MA)]n (H3L‐MA = L‐malic acid) has been solvothermally synthesized. The structure of the newly synthesized complex has been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis, reflectance UV‐Vis & IR spectra, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The single crystal structure analysis showed that the complex forms three‐dimensional framework. The new Ca(II) complex has displayed very high thermal stability which was inferred from TGA and PXRD results. As far as the optical property of the new complex is concerned, the complex emitted its own characteristic sensitized luminescence.
Two new species of Cardiodectes Wilson, 1917 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Pennellidae) from gobiid fishes (Actinopterygii: Perciformes) in the western Pacific Ocean
Authors: UYENO DAISUKE
Published: May 2013

Two new species of the genus Cardiodectes Wilson, 1917 (Siphonostomatoida: Pennellidae) are described based on fe-males from gobiid fishes (Actinopterygii: Perciformes) in coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean. Both new species belong to the ‘rubosus’ group sharing a trunk without an abdomen. Cardiodectes bellwoodi n. sp. parasitizes Istigobius nigroo-cellatus (Günther) in Australian waters and differs from members of the ‘rubosus’ group by having a trunk length less than twice its width, and a pair of large anterior lobes with branched processes. Cardiodectes shini n. sp. is similar to C. asper Uyeno & Nagasawa but is distinguishable by the presence of a well-developed, bilobed process between the bases of the maxillae, and by the cephalothorax bearing only two pairs of lobes.
Two new species of caddisflies (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae, Psychomyiidae) from central and south Spain
Authors: GONZÁLEZ MARCOS A. , MARTÍNEZ JESÚS , RUÍZ ANTONIO
Published: May 2013

In the summer of 2010 and 2011, a large series of caddisflies was collected by the first two authors during a survey of the fauna of Salamanca Province (Central Spain). On closer examination the material revealed a new species of Tinodes, T. felixi sp. n., belonging to a genus relatively well represented in the Iberian fauna, where 12 species have been reported previously (González et al. 1992; González & Martínez 2011).
Review of the systematic status of Sceloporus arenicolus Degenhardt and Jones, 1972 with an estimate of divergence time
Authors: CHAN LAUREN M. , ARCHIE JAMES W. , YODER ANNE D. , FITZGERALD LEE A.
Published: May 2013

The sagebrush lizards (Sceloporus graciosus group) consist of four taxa (S. graciosus graciosus, S. graciosus gracilis, S. graciosus vandenburgianus, and S. arenicolus) distributed in western North America. Of these, S. arenicolus is morpho-logically, behaviorally, and ecologically distinct as well as geographically disjunct from the other taxa, occurring only in the Mescalero-Monahans Sandhills of southeastern New Mexico and adjacent Texas. Sceloporus arenicolus is a taxon of concern because of its small range and habitat alteration due to land use practices. Understanding evolutionary relation-ships among members of the S. graciosus group, and especially S. arenicolus, has important implications for conservation. We examine the phylogenetic relationship of S. arenicolus relative to the three recognized subspecies of S. graciosus at mitochondrial and nuclear loci for populations sampled throughout the ranges of these taxa. Additionally, we estimate the divergence time and clade age of S. arenicolus. We find that the S. graciosus group is in need of major taxonomic revision, and also confirm that S. arenicolus is a genetically distinct and divergent lineage. These results bear important conse-quences for conservation and management.
New water mite species of the genus Piona Koch, 1842 (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Pionidae) from Northeastern Russia
Authors: TUZOVSKIJ PETR V.
Published: May 2013

Descriptions of two new water mite species, Piona magadanensis (male, female, deutonymph), Piona anadyrensis (male, female, deutonymph) and one new subspecies P. interrupta interruptella (female) from standing waters of the Magadan Province and Chukotka of Russia are presented.
New species and taxonomic rearrangements of Anostostomatid Crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Anostostomatidae) from the Neotropics
Authors: CADENA-CASTAÑEDA OSCAR J. , CORTÉS-TORRES CAROLINA
Published: May 2013

This paper describes and illustrates a new species of the genus Anabropsis (Anostostomatidae: Anabropsinae) from Co-lombia, we group the species of this genus were grouped into three groups: Mexicana, Alata and Aptera. A brief review of the genus Apotetamenus (Anostostomatidae: Lutosinae) is also given including a new species from the Colombian rain-forest; also A. clipeatus is redescribed and a new distribution data are provided. Finally A. politus (Brunner, 1915) is des-ignated as synonym of A. clipeatus.
Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae) associated with Compositae in Iran
Authors: LOTFOLLAHI PARISA , IRANI-NEJAD KARIM HADDAD , KHANJANI MOHAMAD , MOGHADAM MOHAMAD , DE LILLO ENRICO
Published: May 2013

Five species of eriophyoid mites were identified during surveys of mite fauna associated with plant species of the family Compositae from Southwest of East Azerbaijan province during 2010 and 2011. Two of them, Aceria virgatae n. sp. from Centaurea virgata Lam. and Aceria xeranthemis n. sp. from Xeranthemum squarrosum Boiss., were found to be new to science. No damage symptoms were observed on their host plants. Aceria xeranthemis n. sp. is the first eriophyoid col-lected from the plant genus Xeranthemum. Aculops centaureae (Farkas, 1960) from Centaurea albonitens Turrill and Ace-ria cichorii Petanović et al. 2000 from Cichorium intybus L. are new records for Iranian mite fauna. The deutogyne female of Aceria anthocoptes (Nalepa) was recorded for the first time in Iran, too. A key to the species collected on Compositae in Iran is given.
A new miniature species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the headwaters of the rio Araguaia, Brazil
Authors: NETTO-FERREIRA ANDRÉ L. , BIRINDELLI JOSÉ L. O. , BUCKUP PAULO A.
Published: May 2013

Characidium mirim is described from the rio das Mortes, rio Araguaia basin in Central Brazil. The new species is distin-guished from its congeners by having an incomplete lateral line, a conspicuous dark longitudinal stripe and dark transverse bars not extending ventrally to the lateral line, and by lacking the adipose fin and the dark caudal blotch. A phylogenetic hypothesis based on the available data on the phylogenetic relationships of the subfamily Characidiinae is presented. Re-sults suggest that the new species is closely related to C. bahiensis, C. interruptum, C. lagosantense, C. nupelia, C. lanei, C. laterale, C. occidentale, C. orientale, C. rachovii, C. stigmosum, C. vestigipinne and C. xavante.
New species of Pyrrhulina (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae) from the Brazilian Shield, with comments on a putative monophyletic group of species in the genus
Authors: NETTO-FERREIRA ANDRÉ L. , MARINHO MANOELA M. F.
Published: May 2013

Pyrrhulina marilynae, new species, is described. The new species can be distinguished among congeners mainly by pre-senting a conspicuous, dark, zigzag shaped primary stripe, extending to distal end of median caudal-fin rays, reduction of the number of precaudal vertebrae, absence of postcleithrum 2, and nine principal rays on caudal-fin dorsal lobe. The pu-tative relationship of the new species with Pyrrhulina australis, P. vittata and P. zigzag, three small-sized species of the genus, is discussed.
The genus Hecabolus Curtis 1834 (Braconidae: Doryctinae) in South America, with description of six new species
Authors: DE CASTRO CLÓVIS SORMUS , ZALDÍVAR-RIVERÓN ALEJANDRO , BRICEÑO-G. ROSA , PENTEADO-DIAS ANGÉLICA MARIA
Published: May 2013

Six new species of the doryctinae wasp genus Hecabolus Curtis 1834 (Braconidae) are described from Brazil and Vene-zuela: H. assis sp. nov., H. julianoi sp. nov., H. robustus sp. nov., H. semiaridus sp. nov., H. shimborii sp. nov., and H. sulmatogrossensis sp. nov. A key to the nine described species of Hecabolus is provided.
Two new species of Glossosoma subgenus Glossosoma (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae) from India
Authors: SAINI MALKIAT S. , K. LAKHWINDER , PAREY SAJAD H. , RATHOR VIKRAM S.
Published: May 2013

Two new species of the genus Glossosoma (Glossosoma) Curtis are described and illustrated: G. (G.) dirangense sp. nov. and G. (G.) sikkimense sp. nov. from Dirang (Arunachal Pradesh) and Lachen (Sikkim), respectively. Glossosoma (G.) dirangense most closely resembles G. (G.) moselyi Kimmins 1953, but the males of these species can be distinguished by differences in the shapes of abdominal segments IX and X. Glossosoma (G.) sikkimense most closely resembles G. (G.) fissum Martynov 1935 and G. (G.) caudatum Martynov 1931, but the male of G. (G.) sikkimense can be distinguished from these other species by differences in the shapes of abdominal segment X, sternite VI ventral process, and the phallus.
Gangland Killings in Chicago, 1919-1933
Authors: Binder John J. , Eghigian Mars
Published: May 2013

According to the Chicago Crime Commission (CCC), 729 people were slain gangland style in Cook County, Illinois during the Prohibition Era from 1919 to 1933. Using the CCC records, Chicago Police Department (CPD) homicide records (2012), and newspaper accounts, this study analyzed a variety of data about these killings, including the types of killings as well as the major reasons for the killings, such as bootlegging, gambling, labor racketeering, vice, or other criminal disputes. Many of the study’s results contradicted conventional wisdom. For example, 43% of the killings were unrelated to organized crime. Also, only 40% of the killings were tied to bootlegging, and the victim belonged to one of the major bootlegging gangs in the area in only 40% of those cases. Therefore, while various members of Chicago’s Prohibition Era gangs were killed, those casualties are much smaller than expected.