bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK TENTANG KERAGAMAN BUDAYA DI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL QUANTUM LEARNING PADA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 118 PALEMBANG
Authors: Wiani Rika , Maharani Siti Dewi , Susanto Rudi
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe study airned to through the Quantum Learning model it can improve student the result of learning about cultural diversity in Indonesia four grade of SDN 118 Palembang. The subjects were 24 students from the A class of four grade students consisted of 10 boys and 14 girls. This research uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) by 3 cycles. From the results of this study there was an increase in student result of learning with the minimum completeness criteria (KKM) 65, in the first cycle there were 13 students who completed learning or the percentage of learning completeness was 54.16%, while the second cycle had an increase, there were 16 students who completed learning or the percentage of learning completeness was 66.6% and in cycle III there were 21 students who had finished learning or the percentage of learning completeness was 87.5% so that they had reached classical completeness, the refore this study was declared successful. So it can be concluded that through the application of the Quantum Learning model can improve student the result of learning about cultural diversity in Indonesia four grade of  SD Negeri 118 Palembang. Keyword: Quantum Learning model, the result of learning, cultural diversity in Indonesia. AbstrakTujuan penelitian  ini adalah melalui model Quantum Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik tentang keragaman budaya di Indonesia pada kelas IV SDN 118 Palembang. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas IV A yang berjumlah 24 terdiri 10 laki-laki dan 14 perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan 3 siklus tindakan. Dari hasil penelitian ini terjadinya peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan kriteria ketuntasan minimum (KKM) 65, siklus I ada 13 peserta didik yang tuntas belajar atau persentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 54,16%, Sedangkan siklus II mengalami peningkatan, ada 16 peserta didik yang tuntas belajar atau persentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 66,6 % dan pada siklus III terdapat 21 peserta didik yang tuntas belajar atau persentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 87,5%  sehingga telah mencapai ketuntasan klasikal oleh karena itu penelitian ini dinyatakan berhasil. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui penerapan model Quantum Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik tentang keragaman budaya di Indonesia pada kelas IV SD Negeri 118 Palembang. Kata kunci : Model Quantum Learning, Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik, Keragaman Budaya di          Indonesia.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR KREATIF DENGAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA SMPN 14 BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Wulandary Sellvi , Indaryanti Indaryanti , Araiku Jeri , Scristia Scristia
Published: February 2022

research is a type of quantitative research with a correlation reserch method. This study aims to determinane wheather there is a positive and significant relationship between creative thinking skills and stident’s problem solving abilities. The sample used in this study were students of class VIII.A SMPN Bandar Lampung with 32 students. The data collection technique used in this study consisted of 3 stages, namely preparation, implementation and the final stage. The Instrument used in this study is a written test. The data analysis technique is correlation analysis which consists of prerequisite test analysis and hypothesis testing. Based on the research results, it shows that tcount(3.882)> ttable(2.042) and the sig value (0.001)< (0.05) with a correlation value of 0.578. So it can be concluded that the relationship between creative thinking skills and students problem solvig abilities is positive and significant, with a fairly close relationship. The contribution of creative thinking skills to problem solving abilities is 33.4%.
KEBUTUHAN PELATIHAN KADER PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DI ERA E COMMERCE
Authors: Retnowati Elais , Sutisna Anan , Mutakim Jaenal
Published: February 2022

Family Income Improvement Efforts of family welfare (UP2K-PKK) program aims to reduce woman poverty by developing family business activities through MSMEs. UP2K-PKK cadres feel they do not have the knowledge and skills to increase community entrepreneurship. This research aims to find the knowledge and skills of fostering community entrepreneurship as the basis for planning the training program to improve knowledge and skills for UP2K-PKK Cadres. The method used in this study is mixed methods research. Determination of training needs had done with Training Needs Analysis. The study respondents were all UP2K-PKK Cadres companion MSMEs in Cipayung East Jakarta.The results concluded that UP2K-PKK Cadres need knowledge related to soft skills, namely techniques to motivate people to join the UP2K program, knowledge related to hard skills, namely; 1) managing finances, 2) Marketing techniques, and 3) techniques for identifying the learning needs of UP2K partners. Amid busyness as a housewife, UP2K-PKK Cadres has the willingness to improve their capacity building. Cadres should have the ability to direct the MSMEs to adapt and increasingly modern marketing ways so as not to be left behind and lose the opportunity to get the market.
KERAGAMAN SOSIAL DAN INTOLERANSI: Sebuah Tinjauan Kasus Potensi Konflik di Desa Labuhan Maringgai Kabupaten Lampung Timur
Authors: Saputra Ardi
Published: February 2022

Perpindahan penduduk yang berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari peluang dan kesempatan kerja di tiap wilayah. Pada haikatnya manusia berpindah dari satu tempat ketempat yang lain dengan tujuan untuk keberlangsungan hidup, tidak terkecuali penduduk yang da di Desa Labuhan Maringgai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan sosial antara penduduk migran dan non-migran di Desa Labuhan Maringgai. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Labuhan Maringgai, Kecamatan Labuhan Maringgai, Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan pengambilan sampel setiap wilayah sebanyak 50 responden kepala keluarga migran dan non-migran. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti adalah observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara terstruktur dan wawancara mendalam. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggabungkan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terjadi sikap intoleransi antara migran dan non-migran. Sehingga perlu dilakukan kajian dan kebijakan yang tepat untuk perkembangan desa yang lebih baik dimasa akan datang.Kata kunci: Keragaman Sosial, Intoleran, Migran dan Non Migran
PENGUJIAN KUAT TEKAN BRIKET BIOMASSA BERBAHAN DASAR ARANG DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Santoso Hadi
Published: February 2022

Telah dilakukan pembuatan briket berbahan dasar arang tempurung kelapa yang telah dihaluskan dan disatukan dengan perekat dari bahan tepung tapioka dengan perbandingan antara serbuk arang tempurung kelapa terhadap serbuk tepung tapioka adalah 5:1. Briket dicetak dalam bentuk tabung berdiameter 4 cm dengan panjang 3 cm. Briket yang telah dicetak kemudian dikeringkan dalam oven bersuhu 110oC selama 24 jam untuk menghilangkan kadar air dalam briket. Briket yang telah jadi diharapkan memiliki kepadatan yang tinggi sehingga diperlukan uji kuat tekan menggunakan Mesin Uji Kuat Tekan Beton dengan tujuan untuk menguji kepadatan yang memberikan dampak terhadap kekuatan briket. Hasilnya diperoleh briket dengan kekuatan tekan 26 kg/cm2 sampai dengan 27 kg/cm2.
STUDI EKSPLORASI TERHADAP MINAT MENJADI GURU TEKNIK PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN FKIP UNSRI TAHUN 2018
Authors: Oktrianto Ivandi , Syofii Imam , Darlius Darlius
Published: February 2022

STUDI EKSPLORASI TERHADAP MINAT MENJADI GURU TEKNIK PADA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN FKIP UNSRI TAHUN 2018 Ivandi Oktrianto, Imam Syofii, DarliusProgram Studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin FKIP UNSRIIvandioktrianto@gmail.com, isyofii@gmail.com, darlius961@gmail.com AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi minat mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin untuk menjadi guru teknik. Metode penelittian menggunakan metode penelitian kombinasi dengan desain penelitian concurrent triangulation. Teknik analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif untuk metode kuantitatif dan analisis model Miles dan Huberman untuk kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dengan skala likert dan wawancara. Populasi pada penelitian adalah mahasiswa PTM FKIP UNSRI angkatan 2016 dan 2017 dengan sampel sebanyak 86 orang dan informan sebanyak 15 orang. Faktor yang mempengaruhi minat mahasiswa untuk menjadi guru teknik yaitu keinginan dari diri sendiri (internal), bakat, kegiatan perkuliahan, dorongan dari lingkungan hidup dan persepsi tentang profesi guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya minat mahasiswa PTM untuk menjadi guru sebagaimana yang telah dijelaskan pada pembahasan penelitian, telah diketahui bahwa 76,74% mahasiswa PTM Angkatan 2016 berminat menjadi guru, dan 78,61% mahasiswa PTM Angkatan 2017 berminat menjadi guru. Dan diketahui juga bahwa untuk angkatan 2016 yang lebih berminat menjadi guru adalah mereka yang berasal dari Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) dengan persentase 79,56%, serta yang lebih berminat yaitu mahasiswa yang berasal dari kelas Palembang dengan persentase 78,37% dan yang lebih berminat didominasi oleh mahasiswa Perempuan dengan persentase 79,23%. Untuk angkatan 2017 yang lebih berminat menjadi guru adalah mereka yang berasal dari Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) dengan persentase 82,44% serta yang lebih berminat yaitu mahasiswa yang berasal dari kelas Indralaya dengan persentase 78,61% dan didominasi oleh mahasiswa perempuan dengan persentase 78,65%. Kata Kunci : Studi Eksplorasi, Minat, Guru Teknik
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PANAS QUENCHING TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI PADA MATERIAL BAJA ST 37
Authors: Zaki Muhammad , Harlin Harlin , Syofii Imam
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of quenching heat treatment on corrosion rates on st 37 steel material. The study was conducted at the Workshop of PT Cakra Indo Pratama Banyuasin, South Sumatra. The object of this research is the development of corrosion rates on st 37 steel with dimensions of ? 20 mm and t 8mm  which are quenched at a temperature of 800-900 °C. The cooling medium used is salt water, ordinary water, air and used oil. This study uses a descriptive method where the researcher observation, retrieval of data and see what type of quenching medium is resistant to corrosion rates. The results showed that the use of used oil coolant medium was more suitable for community use because the development of the corrosion rate was relatively slower.
Educación Artística para el cultivo de la paz: una propuesta de articulación entre escuela y territorio
Authors: Castañeda Cárdenas Diana Patricia
Published: February 2022

El vínculo entre educación y paz parece indiscutible, sin embargo, para que la educación básica hoy pueda contribuir al cultivo de la paz en los territorios desde una perspectiva ética, se requiere un compromiso epistemológico y pragmático desde la escuela para con las comunidades y en perspectiva local, dimensionando el territorio como parte de un universo complejo. Eso queda claro con esta investigación Educación Artística para el Cultivo de la Paz: una apuesta de articulación entre escuela y territorio, la cual busca generar conocimiento teóricopráctico acerca de los aportes de la Educación Artística (EA) en el desarrollo y fortalecimiento de la relación escuela territorio para la construcción de culturas de paz. Todo ello a partir de la inmersión de campo en territorios vulnerables, donde a través de la EA se descubren experiencias y prácticas, comportamientos y actitudes que favorecen el cultivo de culturas de paz en los más jóvenes, donde docentes e instituciones se han propuesto cerrar las brechas a la injusticia social para impedir que niños, niñas, jóvenes y adolescentes sean víctimas de la guerra la violencia en sus múltiples versiones.
Teachers’ perspectives on optimizing manipulatives in teaching 21st century skills in kindergarten
Authors: Ramilo Ryan , Cruz Mika Perdigon , D. Geanga Juli Pearl , Faustino Joel Bernal
Published: February 2022

Kindergarten teachers optimize manipulatives in teaching young children. These manipulatives can be tools in developing essential skills needed to meet the demands of 21st century society. A descriptive mixed method design was employed in this study. Qualitative data were gathered using interviews and classroom observations, while quantitative data were extracted from questionnaire and classroom inventory checklist. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, whereas qualitative data were transcribed, coded, and categorized by themes. Research respondents were the 25 kindergarten teachers from public schools (n=8) and private schools (n=3) in Pulilan, Bulacan. Results showed that teachers use manipulatives in the teaching and learning process as these provide many opportunities for children to learn and acquire different skills. Several manipulatives develop more than one skill, depending on their characteristics and nature. Moreover, skill development varies depending on the activity and type of manipulatives used.  The research finds that manipulatives continue to be relevant and can be used to develop 21st century skills in kindergarten. However, teachers need to undergo training on the optimization of manipulatives that are readily available in the kindergarten classroom. Furthermore, there is a need for schools to invest in different manipulatives for use in kindergarten.
ECO-FRIENDLY ENZYMATIC PRODUTION OF ORGANIC ACIDS
Authors:   Prajakt chemical, Road No: 7, Plot No: 705, GIDC, Sachin, Surat, Gujarat, India., kumar Abhay , M Vignesh ,   Prajakt chemical, Road No: 7, Plot No: 705, GIDC, Sachin, Surat, Gujarat, India.
Published: February 2022

The bio catalytic synthesis of the organic acid is one of the most promising biopolymers due to the fact that produced from the non-toxic renewable resource of food or grain waste. Therefore, organic acid is an ecofriendly yield with best features for the industrial usage (Non-toxicity). The biological based productions are efficient in providing products that are a replacement for petrochemicals and bio functionality advantages. The commercial enzymatic treatment as hydrolysis of the substrate to help in reduces the production schedule and cost effective. In this article focus on different bioconversion of anaerobic digestion along with enzymatic hydrolysis- obtained as food or grain waste from current organic acid production process. We explained the recent different organic acid production over on an enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation technology.
Sezaryen Sonrası Vajinal Doğumda Balon Kateter Uygulaması: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: ULUDAĞ Dilek Sinem , AYDIN ATEŞ Nuran
Published: February 2022

Amaç: Sezaryen sonrası vajinal doğumda mekanik dilatasyon amacıyla balon kateter kullanımına yönelik 2011-2021 tarihleri arasında yayınlanmış randomize kontrollü retrospektif ve prospektif deneysel çalışmaları gözden geçirmek ve elde edilen verileri sistematik biçimde incelemektir.

Gereç-Yöntem: Konu ile ilgili ‘’Pubmed’’ veri tabanı kullanılarak 116 çalışmaya ulaşıldı. Çalışmaların tümü gözden geçirilerek dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 10 yayın çalışma kapsamına alındı. Ulaşılan çalışmalar, yöntemleri ve bulguları açısından sistematize edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmalar incelendiğinde sezaryen sonrası vajinal doğumda mekanik dilatasyon amacıyla yoğunlukla tek balonlu kateter uygulandığı ve sıvı volümünün ortalama 30-50 ml olduğu görülmüştür. Foley balon kateter kullanımı ile ilk 24 saatte servikal Bishop Skoru’nda artış olduğu ve vajinal doğum oranının %57, sezaryen doğum oranının %43 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Servikal olgunlaşma sağlandıktan sonra eylemin devamlılığı için düşük doz oksitosin desteğine ihtiyaç olabileceği belirtilmiştir. Medikal indüksiyona kıyasla artmış maternal ve fetal komplikasyon görülmemektedir.

Sonuç: Sezaryen sonrası vajinal doğum indüksiyonunda foley-balon kateter kullanımı güvenli ve etkili bir yöntemdir. Artış eğiliminde olan sezaryen oranlarını azaltmak için foley-balon kateter kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması konusunda klinisyenler teşvik edilmelidir. Kateter seçimi için serviks mutlaka değerlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Sezaryen sonrası vajinal doğum, önceki sezaryen, balon kateter, foley, servikal olgunlaşma.
The Importance of Christian Youth Ministry Involvement in Community Development in the Mayibuye Community
Authors: Msebi Mawethu
Published: February 2022

This article reports on the findings of the Christian youth ministry involvement in community development in the Mayibuye community (Tembisa-Gauteng Province, South Africa). The article employed the use of Richard Osmer’s model of the four tasks of practical theological interpretation in describing and analysing the situation in the Mayibuye community. The tasks sought to give an understanding of what is happening in youth ministry and community development contexts in the Mayibuye community. The study relied on both documentary analysis and in-depth semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that several socio-economic challenges antagonize local communities, and young people are the most affected, as they possess a more significant number amongst all community sectors. The findings further discovered that the youth and youth ministry involvement is limited in community development processes amid local communities. In this light, the Mayibuye community has been experiencing a low level of education, gender inequity, unemployment, sexual-related challenges, substance abuse, and illicit conduct amongst the social ills. The study introduced promoting values, enhanced respect for others, driving service with integrity, and more as the benefits of youth ministry involvement in community development. The study also recommended further empirical studies on youth ministry involvement in community development, enhancement of collaboration between local religious communities and government, and engagement of young people in community development processes.

Keywords: Community development, illicit conduct, social cohesion, social justice, youth ministry
Simulations of AGN-driven Galactic Outflow Morphology and Content
Authors: Tanner Ryan , Weaver Kimberly A.
Published: February 2022

Using a series of 3D relativistic hydrodynamical simulations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) we investigate how AGN power, a clumpy interstellar medium (ISM) structure, and AGN jet angle with respect to the galactic disk affect the morphology and content of the resulting galactic outflow. For low-power AGN across three orders of magnitude of AGN luminosities (1041–1043 erg s−1) our simulations did not show significant changes to either the morphology or total mass of the outflow. Changing the angle of the AGN jet with respect to the galaxy did show small changes in the total outflow mass of a factor of 2–3. Jets perpendicular to the galactic disk created hot single-phase outflows, while jets close to parallel with the disk created multiphase outflows with equal parts warm and hot, and significant cold gas. Overall the final morphology of low-power AGN outflows depends primarily on how the jet impacts and interacts with large, dense clouds in the clumpy ISM. These clouds can disrupt, deflect, split, or suppress the jet, preventing it from leaving the galactic disk as a coherent structure. But for simulations with AGN luminosities > 1044 erg s−1 the ISM played a minor role in determining the morphology of the outflow with an undisrupted jet leaving the disk. The final morphology of AGN outflows is different for low-power AGNs versus high-power AGNs with the final morphology of low-power AGN outflows dependent on the ISM structure within the first kiloparsec surrounding the AGN.
Physical Regimes of Two-dimensional MHD Turbulent Reconnection in Different Lundquist Numbers
Authors: Sun Haomin , Yang Yan , Lu Quanming , Lu San , Wan Minping , Wang Rongsheng
Published: February 2022

Using two-dimensional MHD simulations in different Lundquist numbers S, we investigate physical regimes of turbulent reconnection and the role of turbulence in enhancing the reconnection rate. Turbulence is externally injected into the system with varying strength. Externally driven turbulence contributes to the conversion of magnetic energy to kinetic energy flowing out of the reconnection site and thus enhances the reconnection rate. The plasmoids formed in high Lundquist numbers contribute to the fast reconnection rate, as well. Moreover, an analysis of the power of turbulence implies its possible association with the generation of plasmoids. Additionally, the presence of turbulence has great impact on the magnetic energy conversion and may be impactful also for the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in the magnetic reconnection process.
IQ Collaboratory. III. The Empirical Dust Attenuation Framework—Taking Hydrodynamical Simulations with a Grain of Dust
Authors: Hahn ChangHoon , Starkenburg Tjitske K. , Anglés-Alcázar Daniel , Choi Ena , Davé Romeel , Dickey Claire , Iyer Kartheik G. , Maller Ariyeh H. , Somerville Rachel S. , Tinker Jeremy L. , Yung L. Y. Aaron
Published: February 2022

We present the empirical dust attenuation (EDA) framework—a flexible prescription for assigning realistic dust attenuation to simulated galaxies based on their physical properties. We use the EDA to forward model synthetic observations for three state-of-the-art large-scale cosmological hydrodynamical simulations: SIMBA, IllustrisTNG, and EAGLE. We then compare the optical and UV color–magnitude relations, (g − r) − M

r
and (far-UV −near-UV) − M

r
, of the simulations to a M

r
< − 20 and UV complete Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxy sample using likelihood-free inference. Without dust, none of the simulations match observations, as expected. With the EDA, however, we can reproduce the observed color–magnitude with all three simulations. Furthermore, the attenuation curves predicted by our dust prescription are in good agreement with the observed attenuation–slope relations and attenuation curves of star-forming galaxies. However, the EDA does not predict star-forming galaxies with low A

V
since simulated star-forming galaxies are intrinsically much brighter than observations. Additionally, the EDA provides, for the first time, predictions on the attenuation curves of quiescent galaxies, which are challenging to measure observationally. Simulated quiescent galaxies require shallower attenuation curves with lower amplitude than star-forming galaxies. The EDA, combined with forward modeling, provides an effective approach for shedding light on dust in galaxies and probing hydrodynamical simulations. This work also illustrates a major limitation in comparing galaxy formation models: by adjusting dust attenuation, simulations that predict significantly different galaxy populations can reproduce the same UV and optical observations.
ExoMiner: A Highly Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning Classifier That Validates 301 New Exoplanets
Authors: Valizadegan Hamed , Martinho Miguel J. S. , Wilkens Laurent S. , Jenkins Jon M. , Smith Jeffrey C. , Caldwell Douglas A. , Twicken Joseph D. , Gerum Pedro C. L. , Walia Nikash , Hausknecht Kaylie , Lubin Noa Y. , Bryson Stephen T. , Oza Nikunj C.
Published: February 2022

The Kepler and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) missions have generated over 100,000 potential transit signals that must be processed in order to create a catalog of planet candidates. During the past few years, there has been a growing interest in using machine learning to analyze these data in search of new exoplanets. Different from the existing machine learning works, ExoMiner, the proposed deep learning classifier in this work, mimics how domain experts examine diagnostic tests to vet a transit signal. ExoMiner is a highly accurate, explainable, and robust classifier that (1) allows us to validate 301 new exoplanets from the MAST Kepler Archive and (2) is general enough to be applied across missions such as the ongoing TESS mission. We perform an extensive experimental study to verify that ExoMiner is more reliable and accurate than the existing transit signal classifiers in terms of different classification and ranking metrics. For example, for a fixed precision value of 99%, ExoMiner retrieves 93.6% of all exoplanets in the test set (i.e., recall = 0.936), while this rate is 76.3% for the best existing classifier. Furthermore, the modular design of ExoMiner favors its explainability. We introduce a simple explainability framework that provides experts with feedback on why ExoMiner classifies a transit signal into a specific class label (e.g., planet candidate or not planet candidate).
Star Formation Properties of Sloan Digital Sky Survey BOSS Void Galaxies in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey
Authors: Jian Hung-Yu , Lin Lihwai , Hsieh Bau-Ching , Lin Kai-Yang , Umetsu Keiichi , Lopez-Coba Carlos , Koyama Yusei , Hsu Chin-Hao , Su Yung-Chau , Chang Yu-Yen , Kodama Tadayuki , Komiyama Yutaka , More Surhud , Nishizawa Atsushi J. , Oguri Masamune , Tanaka Ichi
Published: February 2022

We utilize the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Wide Survey to explore the properties of galaxies located in the voids identified from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey up to z ∼ 0.7. The HSC reaches i ∼ 25, allowing us to characterize the void galaxies down to 109.2 solar mass. We find that the revised void galaxy densities, when including faint galaxies in voids defined by bright galaxies, are still underdense compared to the mean density from the entire field. In addition, we classify galaxies into star-forming, quiescent, and green valley populations, and find that void galaxies tend to have slightly higher fractions of star-forming galaxies under the mass and redshift control, although the significance of this result is only moderate (2σ). However, when we focus on the star-forming population, the distribution of the specific star formation rate (sSFR) of void galaxies shows little difference from that of the control galaxies. Similarly, the median sSFR of star-forming void galaxies is also in good agreement with that of the star-forming control galaxies. Moreover, the effective green valley fraction of void galaxies, defined as the number of green valley galaxies over the number of nonquiescent galaxies, is comparable to that of the control ones, supporting the suggestion that void and control galaxies evolve under similar physical processes and quenching frequencies. Our results thus favor a scenario of galaxy assembly bias.
Ultrahigh-energy γ-Rays from Past Explosions in Our Galaxy
Authors: Kar Alokananda , Gupta Nayantara
Published: February 2022

The discovery of the sources of ultrahigh-energy photons in our Galaxy by the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-ray Observatory and the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has revolutionized the field of gamma-ray astronomy in the last few years. These emissions are sometimes found in the vicinity of powerful pulsars or supernova remnants (SNRs) associated with giant molecular clouds (GMCs). Inverse Compton emission by shock-accelerated electrons emitted by pulsars and proton–proton interactions of shock-accelerated protons emitted by SNRs with cold protons in molecular clouds are often identified as the causes of these emissions. In this paper we have selected two ultrahigh-energy photon sources, LHAASO J2108+5157 and LHAASO J0341+5258, which are associated with GMCs, but no powerful pulsar or SNR has been detected in their vicinity. We have proposed a scenario where shock-accelerated electrons and protons are injected in the local environment of these sources from past explosions, which happened thousands of years ago. We show that the observed ultrahigh-energy photon flux can be explained with the secondary gamma rays produced by the time-evolved relativistic electron and proton spectra.
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XI. CN and HCN as Tracers of Photochemistry in Disks
Authors: Bergner Jennifer B. , Öberg Karin I. , Guzmán Viviana V. , Law Charles J. , Loomis Ryan A. , Cataldi Gianni , Bosman Arthur D. , Aikawa Yuri , Andrews Sean M. , Bergin Edwin A. , Booth Alice S. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Czekala Ian , Huang Jane , Ilee John D. , Le Gal Romane , Long Feng , Nomura Hideko , Ménard François , Qi Chunhua , Schwarz Kamber R. , Teague Richard , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Walsh Catherine , Wilner David J. , Yamato Yoshihide
Published: February 2022

UV photochemistry in the surface layers of protoplanetary disks dramatically alters their composition relative to previous stages of star formation. The abundance ratio CN/HCN has long been proposed to trace the UV field in various astrophysical objects; however, to date the relationship between CN, HCN, and the UV field in disks remains ambiguous. As part of the ALMA Large Program MAPS (Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales), we present observations of CN N = 1–0 transitions at 0.″3 resolution toward five disk systems. All disks show bright CN emission within ∼50–150 au, along with a diffuse emission shelf extending up to 600 au. In all sources we find that the CN/HCN column density ratio increases with disk radius from about unity to 100, likely tracing increased UV penetration that enhances selective HCN photodissociation in the outer disk. Additionally, multiple millimeter dust gaps and rings coincide with peaks and troughs, respectively, in the CN/HCN ratio, implying that some millimeter substructures are accompanied by changes to the UV penetration in more elevated disk layers. That the CN/HCN ratio is generally high (>1) points to a robust photochemistry shaping disk chemical compositions and also means that CN is the dominant carrier of the prebiotically interesting nitrile group at most disk radii. We also find that the local column densities of CN and HCN are positively correlated despite emitting from vertically stratified disk regions, indicating that different disk layers are chemically linked. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Lyα Radiative Transfer: A Stokes Vector Approach to Lyα Polarization
Authors: Seon Kwang-il , Song Hyunmi , Chang Seok-Jun
Published: February 2022

Lyα-emitting galaxies and giant Lyα blobs (LABs) have been extensively observed to study the formation history of galaxies. However, the origin of their extended Lyα emission, especially of LABs, remains controversial. Polarization signals from some LABs have been discovered, and this is commonly interpreted as strong evidence supporting that the extended Lyα emission originates from the resonance scattering. The Monte Carlo Lyα radiative transfer code LaRT is updated to investigate the polarization of Lyα using the Stokes vector formalism. We apply LaRT to a few models to explore the fundamental polarization properties of Lyα. Interestingly, individual Lyα photon packets are found to be almost completely polarized by a sufficient number of scatterings (N
scatt ≳ 104–105 in a static medium) or Doppler shifts induced by gas motion, even starting from unpolarized light. It is also found that the polarization pattern can exhibit a nonmonotonically increasing pattern in some cases, other than the commonly known trend that the polarization monotonically increases with radius. The polarization properties are primarily determined by the degree of polarization of individual photon packets and the anisotropy of the Lyα radiation field, which are eventually controlled by the medium’s optical depth and velocity field. Once Lyα photon packets achieve ∼100% polarization, the radial profile of polarization appears to correlate with the surface brightness profile. A steep surface brightness profile tends to yield a rapid increase of the linear polarization near the Lyα source location. In contrast, a shallow surface brightness profile gives rise to a slowly increasing polarization pattern.
Five new species of Trichoderma from moist soils in China
Authors: Zhang Guang-Zhi , Yang He-Tong , Zhang Xin-Jian , Zhou Fang-Yuan , Wu Xiao-Qing , Xie Xue-Ying , Zhao Xiao-Yan , Zhou Hong-Zi
Published: February 2022

Trichoderma isolates were collected from moist soils near a water source in different areas of China. ITS sequences were submitted to MIST (Multiloci Identification System for Trichoderma) and meets the Trichoderma [ITS76] standard. Combined analyses of phylogenetic analyses of both phylograms (tef1-α and rpb2) and morphological characteristics, revealed five new species of Trichoderma, namely Trichoderma hailarense, T. macrofasciculatum, T. nordicum, T. shangrilaense and T. vadicola. Phylogenetic analyses showed T. macrofasciculatum and T. shangrilaense belong to the Polysporum clade, T. hailarense, while T. nordicum and T. vadicola belong to the Viride clade. Each new taxon formed a distinct clade in phylogenetic analysis and have unique sequences of tef1-α and rpb2 that meet the Trichoderma new species standard. The conidiation of T. macrofasciculatum typically appeared in white pustules in concentric rings on PDA or MEA and its conidia had one or few distinctly verrucose. Conidiophores of T. shangrilaense are short and rarely branched, phialides usually curved and irregularly disposed. The aerial mycelium of T. hailarense and T. vadicola formed strands to floccose mat, conidiation tardy and scattered in tufts, conidiophores repeatedly rebranching in dendriform structure. The phialides of T. nordicum lageniform are curved on PDA and its conidia are globose to obovoidal and large.
Un koudou dans la ramberte ? Une expérience de lexicographie scolaire au XXI e siècle
Authors: Gaudin François
Published: February 2022

Le ministère de l’Éducation nationale a lancé en 2010 une vaste opération de lexicographie participative dans le cadre de la lutte contre l’illettrisme. Il en est résulté deux dictionnaires coédités par le Scérén-CNDP et les éditions Larousse, rédigés par les écoliers de 1305 établissements sous la houlette de la DGESCO. Ils paraissaient dès septembre 2011. Cet article présente cette action peu banale, présente les échos qu’elle a eus et examine la qualité des résultats.
L’intonation dans les langues tonales : des réflexions générales et deux études de cas
Authors: Michaud Alexis , Nguyên Minh Châu , Scholvin Vera
Published: February 2022

Le présent travail illustre ce que l’étude des langues tonales peut apporter à celle de l’intonation. Étudier l’intonation d’une langue tonale amène à distinguer de façon conséquente le niveau des tons de celui de l’intonation, ce qui aide à bien reconnaître la spécificité, la richesse et la complexité de l’intonation. Après avoir rappelé les bases d’un cadre conceptuel, nous exposons une modeste expérience-pilote au sujet du vietnamien et du français qui confirme l’existence de passerelles entre tons et intonation. Nous abordons ensuite la question de la nature des phénomènes prosodiques qui se réalisent sur les particules finales en langue muong (proche parente du vietnamien). Ces particules portent-elles un ton lexical ? Quelle contribution l’intonation de phrase apporte-t-elle à leur réalisation ? Diverses hypothèses sont formulées, notamment concernant les origines possibles du « ton intonatif » glottalisé porté par deux particules finales marquant l'assentiment.
L’interface prosodie-syntaxe dans les langues Niger-Congo : deux enjeux essentiels de son analyse
Authors: Patin Cédric
Published: February 2022

Les recherches conduites sur les phénomènes d’interface phonologie-syntaxe se sont concentrées depuis plusieurs décennies sur la question de savoir si la phonologie avait alors accès directement aux informations d’ordre syntaxique ou si elle le faisait à travers la médiation des structures de la hiérarchie prosodique (Bennet & Elfner, 2019), et les langues niger-congo ont joué un rôle important dans les débats associés à cette interrogation (Patin, 2013, 2018). Bien qu’essentielle, cette question a sans doute masqué d’autres enjeux associés à l’examen de cette interface. Ce travail évoque deux d’entre eux, en se concentrant sur la dimension prosodique du travail à conduire sur les langues niger-congo : l’enjeu de la délimitation des phénomènes impliqués (quand fait-on face à un phénomène d’interface phonologie-syntaxe ?), et celui de l’identification des niveaux de la hiérarchie prosodique, certains d’entre eux semblant absents dans certaines langues de la famille. À l’égard du premier point, il est indiqué que l’implication de la syntaxe ou de la phonologie peut parfois être questionnée. En ce qui concerne le second, est défendue l’idée que les recherches qui se développent sur l’intonation des langues niger-congo pourront permettre d’identifier les structures qui semblent aujourd’hui manquer.
Interfaces morphosyntaxe-sémantique-prosodie : étude des mots interrogatifs en chinois, coréen, japonais et vietnamien
Authors: Choi Jiyoung , Dao Huy-Linh , Pan Victor Junnan , Nishio Sumikazu
Published: February 2022

Cet article vise à examiner, dans une perspective comparative, l’interprétation des mots interrogatifs du type wh- dans les quatre langues à wh-in-situ : le chinois, le coréen, le japonais et le vietnamien. Dans ces langues, des interrogations partielle et totale se forment à partir d’un même mot interrogatif, mais elles se distinguent les unes des autres selon les stratégies utilisées : syntaxique, morphologique et prosodique. D’ailleurs, la prosodie contribue de manière importante à la détermination du sens de la phrase contenant un mot wh- et cela, dans les contextes où les mots wh- peuvent être ambigus entre une lecture interrogative et une lecture indéfinie/existentielle.
L’accentuation contribue-t-elle à l’acquisition du contraste arrondi vs non-arrondi des voyelles orales en français langue étrangère ?
Authors: Santiago Fabián
Published: February 2022

Les recherches examinant les interactions entre la structure prosodique et la phonétique en français L1 ont montré que les segments (consonnes et voyelles) sont hyper-articulés selon leur position dans la hiérarchie prosodique où ils sont produits. Par exemple, certains traits phonologiques des segments produits en syllabe accentuée sont renforcés vis-à-vis de leurs contreparties produites en syllabes non-accentuées. Mais, qu’en est-il en FLE ? Dans cette étude exploratoire, nous étudions différentes propriétés acoustiques de 6 390 voyelles orales arrondies /y/ , /ø/ , /œ/ vs non-arrondies /i/ , /e/ , /ɛ/ chez 20 étudiants de français langue étrangère (hispanophones et anglophones) selon deux conditions prosodiques : accentuées vs non-accentuées. Nos résultats montrent que la structure accentuelle a des effets positifs dans la production d’un tel contraste en FLE. Néanmoins, ces effets ne sont clairement observés que dans certaines paires de voyelles. Nous discutons de l’importance d’étudier les interactions prosodie-phonétique dans l’acquisition et la didactique de la prononciation du FLE avec une approche théorique et expérimentale.
Kits de marques et médiation des savoirs : prétentions communicationnelles et reconfigurations médiatiques
Authors: Seurrat Aude , Marti Caroline
Published: February 2022

La relation didactique tend à partager des savoirs et configurer des représentations. Comment les kits pédagogiques, destinés à diffuser des savoirs de diverses natures associés à des marques ou à des filières, valorisés comme outils pédagogiques peuvent-ils servir de cadres d’interaction entre enseignant et élèves? Les kits se présentent comme des technologies intellectuelles et des opérateurs de l’agir. À travers différents exemples du secteur de l’agroalimentaire, nous verrons comment les kits sont constitués d’une pluralité d’éléments qui forment un assortiment, un équipement. Utilitaire, le kit est facile à utiliser, exposé comme flexible, adaptable, libre d’usage, même s’il n’en participe pas moins à l’attribution de rôles dans l’échange communicationnel. Ainsi, l’objet « kit » est empreint de conceptions de la communication et de sonpouvoirsocial. L’analyse de kits du secteur agroalimentaire éclaire leur mobilisation pour leur fort pouvoir symbolique et la construction d’un discours d’autorité associé dans le cadre pédagogique. Leur médiatisation par le numérique amplifie leur circulation, mais aussi la mise en visibilité de leur prétention sociale.
Les politiques culturelles numériques : repenser la place des nouvelles technologies dans le patrimoine
Authors: Couillard Noémie
Published: February 2022

Cet article interroge la place des nouvelles technologies dans les établissements patrimoniaux nationaux à partir de l’idée de politiques culturelles numériques. À partir de deux recherches couvrant la période 2010-2018, plusieurs tendances se dessinent. Le plus souvent, les établissements investissent la communication en ligne, et les professionnel·le·s témoignent d’adaptations locales selon les types de patrimoine, les moyens des établissements, et leur histoire. Moins qu’un soutien ou une résistance, la mise en œuvre des projets attestent d’une distance critique à l’égard des imaginaires liés aux technologies numériques. Elle montre surtout l’adhésion des professionne·le·s à une mission de service public, qu’il s’agit d’ajuster à un cadre économique et technologique contraint.
Pour une archéologie de l’injonction : leitmotivs dans la presse autour des projets numériques patrimoniaux
Authors: Pianezza Nolwenn , Navarro Nicolas , Renaud Lise
Published: February 2022

Cette contribution étudie les projets numériques de restitution patrimoniale à travers l’évolution de leur représentation médiatique depuis la fin des années 1980 jusqu’à nos jours. L’analyse d’un corpus d’articles de presse dédiés à des projets emblématiques met à l’épreuve la répétition d’arguments médiatiques susceptibles de devenir des formules avec le temps. La reprise de promesses dont la construction est issue de la rencontre entre les valeurs associées au numérique et au patrimoine est envisagée comme participant d’un phénomène de réquisition pour les institutions patrimoniales. Cet article propose de décomposer cette réquisition entre trois modalités d’encouragement au déploiement de dispositifs numériques de médiation patrimoniale.
Jeunesse et numérique au cœur d’une même injonction au neuf ? Analyse des stratégies et des discours sur le numérique chez France Télévisions (2005 – 2019)
Authors: Ferrandery Marion , Louessard Bastien
Published: February 2022

Les incursions de la télévision publique dans le numérique se sont multipliées ces dernières années. Assorties de nombreux discours d’accompagnement formulés par les représentants politiques successifs et les cadres des chaînes, ces initiatives s’appuient, dans la majorité des cas, sur une rhétorique du retard vis-à-vis d’une nouveauté qu’il nous faudrait adopter sans tarder. Il est frappant de constater que trois dimensions préalablement identifiées comme récurrentes au sein des discours relatifs aux stratégies vis-à-vis de la jeunesse sont aussi centrales pour le numérique : jeunesse et numérique seraient tous deux à la fois gages de modernité, de pérennité et d’économies. À travers celles-ci, et en nous appuyant sur une étude des discours des cadres des chaînes étudiées, nous souhaitons montrer les similarités entre ces discours et ceux relatifs à la jeunesse, afin de comprendre comment ces deux injonctions s’inscrivent dans une quête affichée du nouveau et de dépoussiérage du service public.
« Sans fondement, aucune chose n’a sa raison d’être » : sur le statut et le rôle des échanges littéraires internationaux
Authors: Hua Meng
Published: February 2022

Cet article se veut une défense de la littérature comparée et par conséquent un plaidoyer pour les relations littéraires internationales ou mieux les relations littéraires et interculturelles. Ce champ de recherche a été un des fondements de la discipline. Même si celle-ci a pu être attaquée, elle conserve sa légitimité en continuant à exploiter ce domaine qui ne se réduit pas à l’étude des « rapports de fait », nécessaires, utiles, mais qui appellent d’autres ouvertures interdisciplinaires ainsi que le recours à la poétique comparée.
La littérature comparée et mon expérience personnelle
Authors: Coutinho Eduardo F. , Houard Janine
Published: February 2022

L’article retrace un parcours intellectuel et des apprentissages successifs depuis le Brésil des années 60, puis le passage décisif par les universités américaines (Berkeley en particulier). Ce sont aussi des réflexions sur l’évolution des thèmes et des méthodes de recherche sur près d’un demi-siècle.
Kafka, Bertrand Russell et les bolcheviks
Authors: Morel Jean-Pierre
Published: February 2022

Publié à Prague en août 1920, un extrait des fameuses « Impressions de Russie bolchevique » de Bertrand Russell, recueillies en mai-juin 1920 et parues peu après en anglais, a provoqué chez Kafka deux réactions simultanées, aussi vives qu’inhabituelles : l’une, politique, dans deux lettres à Milena Jesenská, la femme alors aimée, l’autre, littéraire, dans trois récits écrits d’affilée. En partant de la version pragoise du texte de Russell, on tentera de reconstruire et d’interpréter cet épisode couramment négligé par les biographes, tant de Kafka que de Milena. Cinq ans après avoir écrit Le Procès , pouvait-on, contre Russell, défendre l’ordre léniniste ?
Entre deux pays, entre deux langues, entre deux mondes : Vénus Khoury-Ghata
Authors: Brunel Pierre
Published: February 2022

Nouveau membre du Comité d’honneur de la Revue de Littérature Comparée , Vénus Khoury-Ghata est au nombre des écrivains majeurs de notre temps. Pierre Brunel, qui préside le jury du prix Vénus Khoury-Ghata, rappelle qu’elle a quitté le Liban en 1972 et qu’elle vit essentiellement à Paris tout en conservant des liens très étroits avec son pays natal. Son œuvre considérable a également évolué d’une langue à l’autre et son récent recueil poétique, Éloignez-vous de ma fenêtre , est profondément marqué par la terrible catastrophe survenue à Beyrouth le 4 août 2020.
On analyticity up to the boundary for critical quasi-geostrophic equation in the half space
Authors: Iwabuchi Tsukasa
Published: February 2022

We study the Cauchy problem for the surface quasi-geostrophic equation with the critical dissipation in the two dimensional half space under the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. We show the global existence, the uniqueness and the analyticity of solutions, and the real analyticity up to the boundary is obtained. We will show a natural ways to estimate the nonlinear term for functions satisfying the Dirichlet boundary condition.
Hamiltonian description of internal ocean waves with Coriolis force
Authors: Cullen Joseph D. , Ivanov Rossen I.
Published: February 2022

The interfacial internal waves are formed at the pycnocline or thermocline in the ocean and are influenced by the Coriolis force due to the Earth's rotation. A derivation of the model equations for the internal wave propagation taking into account the Coriolis effect is proposed. It is based on the Hamiltonian formulation of the internal wave dynamics in the irrotational case, appropriately extended to a nearly Hamiltonian formulation which incorporates the Coriolis forces. Two propagation regimes are examined, the long-wave and the intermediate long-wave propagation with a small amplitude approximation for certain geophysical scales of the physical variables. The obtained models are of the type of the well-known Ostrovsky equation and describe the wave propagation over the two spatial horizontal dimensions of the ocean surface.