bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alarming increase of scrub typhus incidence in Yunnan province, southwest China, 2006--2017
Authors: Peng Peiying , Xu Lei , Wang Gu-Xian , Zhang Hui-Ying , Gong Lei , He Wen-Yuan , Yang Ben-Shou , Yan Ting-Liang
Published: June 2020

Background: The bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi is the causative agent of scrub typhus, mite-borne disease, which causes an acute febrile infectious illness in humans. An epidemiologic study was conducted to understand the characteristics of scrub typhus in Yunnan province and assist public health prevention and control measures. Methods: Based on the data on all cases reported in Yunnan from 2006 to 2017, we characterized the epidemiological features. Q-type cluster method of hierarchical cluster analysis was adopted to analyze the incidence of scrub typhus. Together with the results of clustering, geographical distribution of scrub typhus was described. Results: In total, 27,838 scrub typhus cases were reported in Yunnan during 2006-2017. Of these, 49.53% (13,787) were male and 50.47% (14,051) were female (P>0.05). Most patients were children aged 0-5 years (13.16%) (P<0.01) and farmers (68.41%) (P<0.05). An almost twenty-fold increase in the number of patients was observed in 2017 (6,337 cases) compared to 2006 (307 cases). Baoshan city and Lincang city had the most cases accounting for 41.94%, while Diqing prefecture had the lowest incidence (only 3 cases). The majority of confirmed cases occurred yearly in August with a high temperature and rains. Sixteen cities (prefectures) infected of Yunnan were classified into three groups numbered in sequence.Conclusion: The study results showed that the incidence of scrub typhus in Yunnan province is high and the annual incidence increased noticeably over time. Our results also indicate that surveillance and public education need to be focused on Baoshan City, Lincang City and Dehong Prefecture.
Calreticulin Promotes EMT in Pancreatic Cancer via Mediating Ca2+ Dependent Acute and Chronic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Sheng Weiwei , Wang Guosen , Tang Jingtong , Shi Xiaoyang , Cao Rongxian , Sun Jian , Lin YiHeng , Jia Chao , Chen Chuanping , Zhou Jianping , Dong Ming
Published: June 2020

Background: Our previous study showed that calreticulin (CRT) promoted EGF-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer (PC) via Integrin/EGFR-ERK/MAPK signaling. We next investigated the novel signaling pathway and molecular mechanism involving the oncogenic role of CRT in PC development. Methods: We investigated the potential role and mechanism of CRT in regulating Ca2+ dependent acute and chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced EMT in PC in vitro and vivo.Results: Thapsigargin (TG) induced acute ERS via increasing intracellular free Ca2+ in PC cells, which was reversed by CRT silencing. Additionally, CRT silencing inhibited TG-induced EMT in vitro by reversing TG-induced changes of the key proteins in EMT signaling (ZO-1, E-cadherin and Slug) and ERK/MAPK signaling (pERK), and inhibiting TG-promoted cell invasion and migration. Meanwhile, CRT was coimmunoprecipitated with inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α, one of the key stressors in unfolded protein response) in vitro and its silencing led to the chronic ERS via upregulating IRE1α but independent of X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1). Moreover, CRT silencing inhibited IRE1α silencing-promoted EMT, including inhibiting the activation of EMT and ERK/MAPK signaling and the promotion of cell mobility. In addition, CRT silencing decreased subcutaneous tumor size and distant liver metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, a negative relationship between CRT and IRE1α was observed in vivo and in clinical PC samples, which coordinately promoted the advanced clinical stages and poor prognosis of PC patients. Conclusions: CRT promoted EMT in PC via mediating Ca2+ dependent TG-induced acute ERS and IRE1α-mediated chronic ERS via Slug and ERK/MAPK signaling.
Tocilizumab in treatment-naïve patients with Takayasu arteritis: TOCITAKA French prospective multicenter open-labelled trial
Authors: Mekinian Arsene , Saadoun David , Vicaut Eric , Thietart Sarah , Lioger Bertrand , Jego Patrick , Bleibtreu Alexandre , Limal Nicolas , Connault Jerome , Gottenberg Jacques-Eric , Lhorte Pauline , Bertola Jean , Delforge Juliette , Nathalie Ferreira-Maldent , Perlat Antoinette , Talib Zohra , Vautier Mathieu , Savey Lea , Quere Isabelle , Cacoub Patrice , Fain Olivier
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesTo assess long term efficacy of tocilizumab in treatment-naive patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK).MethodsProspective open-labelled trial in naïve patients with TAK who received steroids at the dose of 0.7 mg/kg/day and 7 infusions of 8 mg/kg/month of tocilizumab. The primary endpoint was the number of patients which discontinued steroids after 7 infusions of tocilizumab. Secondary endpoints included disease activity and the number of relapses during an 18-month follow-up.ResultsThirteen patients with TAK were included, with a median age of 32 years [19-45] and 12 (92%) females. Six (54%) patients met the primary end-point. A significant decrease of disease activity was observed after 6 months of tocilizumab therapy: decrease of median NIH scale (3 [3-4] at baseline, versus 1 [0-2] after 6 months; p <0.001), ITAS-2010 score (5 [2-7] versus 3 [0-8]; p = 0.002), and ITAS-A score (7 [4-10] versus 4 [1-15]; p = 0.0001)]. During the 12 months follow-up after tocilizumab discontinuation, a relapse occurred among 5 patients (45%) out of 11 in which achieved remission after 6 months of tocilizumab.ConclusionTocilizumab seems an effective steroid sparing therapy in TAK but maintenance therapy is necessary.
Clinical, biochemical and molecular phenotype of congenital disorders of glycosylation: long-term follow-up
Authors: Bogdańska Anna , Lipiński Patryk , Szymańska-Rożek Paulina , Jezela-Stanek Aleksandra , Rokicki Dariusz , Socha Piotr , Tylki-Szymanska Anna
Published: June 2020

Background: Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) result from defects in the synthesis of glycans and the attachment of glycans to proteins and lipids. Our study aimed to describe the clinical, biochemical and molecular findings of CDG patients, and to present the long-term follow-up. Material and methods: A single-centre study (1995-2019 years) of patients with congenital disorders of N-glycosylation and combined N- and O-hypoglycosylation, diagnosed based on the serum transferrin (Tf) and apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) isoforms analysis, and confirmed molecularly, was performed. Results: Among 32 patients included into the study, 24 had type I Tf isoform profile, in 12 of them deficient PMM2 activity was detected. Three patients were diagnosed with ALG13-CDG; serum Tf isoform profile was normal in one of them, in one other was indicative for type I. Four patients had type II Tf isoform profile. The phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of 32 patients with CDG during long-term (in some cases over 20 years) observation was characterised and several measurements of serum Tf isoforms taken. Statistical analysis revealed strong negative correlation between Asialo-Tf and Tetrasialo-Tf, as well as between Disialo-Tf and Tetrasialo-Tf. Positive correlation was shown between Tetrasialo-Tf and Penasialo-Tf. Within type I CDG, no difference in % Tf isoforms was revealed between PMM2-CDG and non-PMM2-CDG patients. However, these two groups differed significantly in the such diagnostic features as: cerebellar ataxia, failure to thrive, hypothyroidism, pericardial effusion, cardiomyopathy, inverted nipples, prolonged INR. The effect of treatment with mannose in 2 patients with MPI-CDG were assesed and we found that % of Asialo-Tf, Monosialo-Tf, and Disialo-Tf was significanty lowered, whereas Tetrasialo- Tf and Pentasialo-Tf rose, coming closer or falling into the reference range. Conclusions: The novel finding was an abnormal Tf IEF pattern in two ALG13-CDG patients and normal in one ALG1-CDG patient. Clinical manifestation of presented CDG patients was similar to that reported in the literature. Mannose supplementation in MPI-CDG patients, as well as galactose supplementation in PGM-CDG patient improved patients’ clinical picture and Tf isoform profiles.
Community Engaged Approaches to Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Habila Magdiel A , Mantina Namoonga , Kimaru Linda Jepkoech , Musa Jonah , Ingram Maia , Sagay Atiene
Published: June 2020

Introduction Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in women globally and remains the foremost cause of death in African women in spite of campaigns to increase education and prevention of the disease. The goal of participatory action research or community based participatory research is to engage communities in the research process in order to increase disease awareness and decrease disease mortality as a result of health disparities. The primary objective of this study is to summarize methods of community engagement in research on the prevention and control of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). MethodsWe will search through the following electronic databases for potential studies: PubMed, Embase, African Journals Online (AJOL), and African Index Medicus-WHO from inception until the date the last search will be conducted. Articles included will be restricted to those published in English and pertaining to research conducted in SSA. Articles generated from the search will be managed in our database. A narrative synthesis will be performed on the final list of included articles. DiscussionThis scoping review will provide evidence and perspectives on how research studies have engaged community members to bolster the cervical cancer prevention and control efforts. Findings of this review will contribute to the literature by identifying the benefits of community engagement in cervical cancer prevention in SSA and advance the science of cervical cancer prevention in the region and globally.
Separating the Wheat From the Chaff – Covid-19 in a German Emergency Department: A Case-control Study
Authors: Fistera David , Pabst Dirk , Härtl Annalena , Schaarschmidt Benedikt Michael , Umutlu Lale , Dolff Sebastian , Holzner Carola , Kill Clemens , Risse Joachim
Published: June 2020

Background: COVID-19 pandemia is a major challenge to worldwide health care systems. Whereas the majority of disease presents with mild symptoms that can be treated as outpatients, severely ill COVID-19 patients and patients presenting with similar symptoms cross their ways in the Emergency Department. Especially the variety of symptoms is challenging with primary triage. Are there parameters to distinguish between proven COVID-19 and without before? How can a safe and efficient management of these inpatients be achieved?Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 314 consecutive inpatient patients who presented with possible symptoms of COVID-19 in a German emergency department between March and April 2020 and were tested with a SARS-Cov-2 nasopharyngeal swab. Clinical parameters, Manchester Triage System categories and lab results were compared between patients with positive and negative test results for SARS-Cov-2. Furthermore, we present the existing COVID-19 workflow model of the university hospital in Essen which proved to be efficient during pandemia.Results: 43 of the 314 patients (13.7%) were tested positive for COVID-19 by SARS-Cov-2 nasopharyngeal swab. We did not find any laboratory parameter to distinguish safely between patients with COVID-19 and those with similar symptoms. Dysgeusia was the only clinical symptom that was significantly more frequent among COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Dysgeusia seems to be a typical symptom for COVID-19, which occurred in 14% of our COVID-19 patients. However, no valid parameters could be found to distinguish clinically between COVID-19 and other diseases with similar symptoms. Therefore, early testing, a strict isolation policy and proper personal protection are crucial to maintain workflow and safety of patients and ED staff for the months to come.Trial registration: URL: https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00021675
Zadek osteotomy for the treatment of Haglund’s Syndrome
Authors: Zheng Weixin , Du Junhua , Liang Jingqi , Zhang Yan , Liang Xiaojun , Zhao Hongmou
Published: June 2020

Background

Although several treatment options described in paper, Haglund’s Syndrome (HS) is a challenging common lower extremity disorder. This study reported the clinical outcomes of Zadek osteotomy (ZO) for the treatment of HS.
Methods

This retrospective study included 19 patients who underwent ZO from January 2016 to June 2018. Patients were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale (AOFAS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), ankle range of motion (AROM), and Chauveaux-Liet (CL) angle preoperatively and at final follow-up visit (16.3 ± 4.2) months. Postoperative complications of patients were also recorded.
Results

The ZO exhibited a significant improvement (P༜0.05) in preoperative to postoperative AOFAS (from 53.2 ± 5.4 to 86.4 ± 6.5), VAS ( from 6.3 ± 2.1 to 0.9 ± 1.2 ) scores and CL angle (from 18.2 ± 1.3 to 9.4 ± 2.1 ) degrees, the dorsiflexion of AROM (DAROM) (from 23.4 ± 2.3 to 29.4 ± 1.2) degrees. The planter flexion of AROM (PAROM) (from 32.5 ± 3.5 to 33.2 ± 3.4) degrees (P༞0.05). One postoperative complication was observed: a case of hardware pain in healthy patient. The overall rate of satisfaction after surgery was (94.7%).
Conclusions

ZO is effective and safe procedure for the treatment of HS. This method can be a good option for those patients of HS.
Timing For Closed Reduction of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip and Failure Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Li Hao , Li Hai , Zhang Ziming
Published: June 2020

BackgroundIt remains controversial whether the older age at closed reduction (CR) of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), the higher incidence of complications.The aim of this study is to evaluate theMid-term outcome of CR for DDHamongdifference age groups, and to analyze and identify risk factors for the failure of this procedure. Methods Clinical data of DDH patients, who received CR, were retrospectively reviewed. Hips were divided into three groups according to initial age (Group I: <12 months; Group II: 12 months to ≤18 months; Group III: >18 months). The presence of avascular necrosis (AVN),residual acetabular dysplasia (RAD), re-dislocation, further surgeries (FS)and failure of CR were observed. The risk factors were identified for those outcomes abovementioned. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis based on age, pre-op AI and post-op AI for failure was conducted.ResultsA total of 107 patients (156 hips) undergoing CR wereevaluated with a median age at initial reduction of 13.0 months(range, 4 to 28 mo). The incidence of AVN, RADand re-dislocationwas 15.4% (24/156), 17.3% (27/156) and 14.7% (23/156). For AVN, RAD and re-dislocation, the risk factors were pre-op IHDI IV(p=0.033), age≥18 months (p=0.012), and pre-op IHDI IV and walking (p=0.004 and p=0.011), respectively. The areas under the ROC curve of failure were 0.841 (post-op AI), 0.688 (pre-op AI)and 0.650 (age).ConclusionsRAD is a complication that must be carefully considered for severepatients older than 18 months before CR. Re-dislocation is associated with pre-op IHDI IV and walking.Patients, who are older than 12.5 months or have a pre-op AI of 38.7° or a post-op AI of 26.4°, are more likely fail of CR.
Bone Mineral Density Reference Values and Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Singaporean Adults – The Yishun Study
Authors: Chen Kexun , Wee Shiou-Liang , Pang Benedict Wei Jun , Lau Lay Khoon , Jabbar Khalid Abdul , Seah Wei Ting , Sriniva Sivasubramanian , Mallya Jagadish Ullal , Ng Tze Pin
Published: June 2020

Background: While there have been studies in Singapore on the prevalence and economic burden of osteoporotic hip fracture, there is a severe lack of reference data on bone mineral density and prevalence of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to establish the reference values for BMD and compare prevalence of osteoporotic conditions using other available reference values so as to better understand the status of bone health in Singaporean adultsMethods: We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery Wi) to measure the bone mineral density of Singaporean adults aged ³ 21 years. 314 women and 223 men were recruited from the large north-eastern residential town of Yishun. We computed T- scores (denoted by TSG) for each individual in the study. Similar diagnoses were also done based on T-scores provided by the densitometer (TDXA), NHANES database (TNHANES), and China (TCHN), and the differences in prevalence compared. We then compared the concordance between TSG and TDXA in the classification of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis was defined according to criteria by the World Health Organization (WHO).Results: Peak lumbar spine BMD was 1.090±0.168g.cm-2 in women, and 1.041±0.098g.cm-2 for men. Peak whole body BMD was 1.193±0.93g.cm-2 in women at, and 1.224±0.112g.cm-2 for men. Prevalence of osteoporosis based on lumbar spine was 9.3% in women, and 0.7% in men. The percentage difference in prevalence range from 60.5 - 163.6%, when using reference values from TDXA, TNHANES, and TCHN. Among the 28 women who were diagnosed as osteoporotic by TDXA, 16.5% only had osteopenia according to TSG. The kappa statistics was 0.81 for women and 0.85 for men. Conclusion: Our study shows that T-scores provided by DXA manufacturer over-diagnosed osteoporosis in Singaporeans, and the prevalence of osteoporotic conditions is not accurately represented. This over-diagnosis may result in unnecessary treatment in some individuals.
Exosomes From 3d Culture of Marrow Stem Cells Enhances Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Angiogenesis via Activation of the Hmgb1/akt Pathway
Authors: Gao Wenling , Liang Tangzhao , He Ronghang , Ren Jianhua , Yao Hui , Wang Kun , Zhu Lei , Xu Yue
Published: June 2020

BackgroundAngiogenesis is an essential step in tissue engineering. MSCexosomes play an important role in angiogenesis. Functional biomolecules in exosomes vested by the culture microenvironment can be transferred to recipient cells and affects their effect. 3D culture can improve the proliferation and activity of MSCs. However, whether exosomes derived from 3D culture of MSCs have an enhanced effect on angiogenesis is unclear. MethodsHerein, we compared the bioactivity of exosomes produced by conventional 2D culture (2D-exos) and 3D culture (3D-exos) of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in angiogenesis. ResultsA series of in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that 3D-exos exhibited stronger effects on HUVEC cell proliferation, migration, tube formation, and in vivo angiogenesis compared with 2D-exos. Moreover, the superiority of 3D-exos might be attributed to the activation of HMGB1/AKT signaling. ConclusionsThese results indicate that exosomes from 3D culture of MSCs may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for pro-angiogenesis.
High NEMO score values in nailfold videocapillaroscopy are predictive of future development of ischemic digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Papa Nicoletta Del , Pignataro Francesca , Maglione Wanda , Minniti Antonina , Sambataro Domenico , Sambataro Gianluca , Valentini Gabriele , Caporali Roberto , Vitali Claudio
Published: June 2020

BackgroundNailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is a feasible method that allows the observation of the microvascular changes that mark the course of systemic sclerosis (SSc). In previous studies we demonstrated that the NEMO score, i.e., the cumulative number of microhaemorrhages and microthromboses, is a good indicator of the steady state level and overtime changes of disease activity (DA) in SSc.ObjectivesTo verify whether high NEMO scores, which mirror a very active microvascular derangement in the fingers, may predict the subsequent development of ischemic digital ulcers (IDUs).Methods The NEMO score was assessed at baseline (T0) in 98 patients with SSc, all classified according to the ACR-EULAR criteria. Of them, 90 were females, 48 had the limited and 50 the diffuse cutaneous variant of SSc. Afterwards, the patients were closely followed up for two years, and the appearance of new IDUs recorded at any time of the follow up.The T0-NEMO score values of patients who developed IDUs were compared to those of patients who did not. A receiver operating curve (ROC) was constructed, and the area under the curve (AUC) calculated by plotting the sensitivity and 1-specificity of the different NEMO score values in predicting the subsequent development of IDUs.Results During the follow-up 38 out of 98 patients developed one or more IDUs. The NEMO score at T0 was significantly higher in those who developed IDUs with respect to those who did not [median 14.5 (95%CI 11.0-21.5), and 4.5 (95%CI 4.0-6.0), respectively, p<.0001]. The ROC curve derived from different T0-NEMO score values had an AUC of 0.79 (95%CI 0.69-0.86, p<0.0001)]. A NEMO score of ≥12 had a sensitivity of 83.3% (95%CI 71.5-91.7), and a specificity of 63.2% (95%CI 46.0-78.2), with positive (P) and negative (N) predictive (PV) values of 58.9% (95%CI 44.7-72.2), and 85.6% (71.8-94.4), respectively. A NEMO score of ≥16 had a sensitivity of 95.0% (95%CI 86.1-99.0), and a NPV of 93.4% (77.5-99.2).ConclusionsBeing a valid tool to measure DA levels in SSc, the NEMO score also appears to be good predictive instrument to predict future development of IDUs in this disease.
Mild Chronic Hypoxia-Induced HIF-2α Interacts with c-MYC Through Competition with HIF-1α in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation
Authors: Mu Han , Yu Ge , Li Huikai , Wang Mengmeng , Cui Yunlong , Zhang Ti , Song Tianqiang , Liu Changfu
Published: June 2020

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged as a major cause of cancer deaths globally, in which hypoxia and activated hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play an important role. The sibling rivalry between HIF-1α and HIF-2α in hypoxic tumor growth and progression is still debated, including in HCC. This may be associated with the regulation of unique target genes, like c-MYC and mTOR. Methods: In the current study, twenty-six corresponding tumor- and non-tumor tissues, taken from patients with HCC, who underwent liver resection, were analyzed. In vitro, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), Western blot, MTT assay, colony formation assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining apoptosis Assay were used to elucidate the relationship between HIF-1α and HIF-2α in hypoxic HCC cell proliferation and involved mechanism.Results: HIF-2α, but not HIF-1α, has a positive correlation with the expression of c-MYC in tumor tissues. In vitro, rapid HCC cell proliferation and increased interaction of HIF-2α/c-MYC were observed in mild chronic hypoxia. It was confirmed in situ proximity ligation assay and co-immunoprecipitation assay that although mild hypoxia up-regulated all HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and c-MYC, mTORC2-regulated HIF-2α competed with HIF-1α to bind c-MYC. HIF-2α knockdown, but not HIF-1α knockdown, decreased the expression of downstream c-MYC and mTORC1, suppressed hypoxic cell proliferation, and induced more cell apoptosis. Moreover, the inhibition of upstream protein PI3K by inhibitor Apitolisib counteracted this mechanism of adaptation to mild hypoxia hereby inducing cancer cells to apoptosis in HCC. Conclusions: In summary, this study highlights the role of HIF-2α but not HIF-1α in activating and binding c-MYC in HCC cell proliferation during mild chronic hypoxia response. PI3K/mTORC2/ HIF-2α/c-MYC axis plays a key role in this process. PI3K inhibitor Apitolisib is suggested as a potential treatment option for HCC, especially for rapidly growing HCC in mild chronic hypoxia.
Long-Term Monitoring of Dynamic Changes in Plasma EBV DNA For Improved Prognosis Prediction of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Li Wanxia , Chen Jing , Liang Bijun , Li Zonghua , Li Junzheng , Yuan Xiaofei , Wu Shuting , Zeng Fangfang , Peng Xinyu , Li Yanfei , Lu Juan , Zhao Feipeng , Liu Xiong
Published: June 2020

Background: This study was performed to investigate whether long-term monitoring of dynamic changes in plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA could improve prognosis prediction of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods: 1077 non-metastatic NPC patients were recruited to retrospectively analyze the prognostic value of plasma EBV DNA load pre-treatment and 3, 12, 24, and 36 months post-treatment. We also examined the prognostic value of dynamic changes in plasma EBV DNA at various time points.Results: Patients with plasma EBV DNA load above optimal pre- and post-treatment cut-offs had significantly worse five-year progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, locoregional relapse-free survival, and overall survival(OS) at all time points, excluding only OS at 36 months post-treatment due to limited mortalities. Patients with persistently undetectable plasma EBV DNA at the first four time points had the best prognosis, followed by those with positive detection pre-treatment and consistently negative detection post-treatment, those with negative detection pre-treatment and positive detection at one time point post-treatment, and those with positive detection pre-treatment and at one time point post-treatment, whereas patients with positive detection at ≥2 time points post-treatment had the worst prognosis. Cox proportional hazard models identified the dynamic change pattern as an independent prognostic factor, and ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the dynamic change at four time point was more valuable than any single time point for predicting disease progression, distant metastasis, locoregional relapse, and mortality.Conclusions: Dynamic changes in plasma EBV DNA pre- and post-treatment could predict the long-term survival outcome and provide accurate risk stratification in NPC.
Alterations in the host transcriptome in vitro and in vivo following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection
Authors: Lei Xiaomei , Feng Zhijun , Wang Xiaojun , He Xiaodong
Published: June 2020

Background. Exploring alterations in the host transcriptome following SARS-CoV-2 infection is not only highly warranted to help us understand molecular mechanisms of the disease, but also provide new prospective for screening effective antiviral drugs, finding new therapeutic targets, and evaluating the risk of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) early.Methods. We downloaded three gene expression matrix files from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and extracted the gene expression data of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and non-infection in human samples and different cell line samples, and then performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), respectively. Thereafter, we integrated the results of GSEA and obtained co-enriched gene sets and co-core genes in three various microarray data. Finally, we also constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and molecular modules for co-core genes and performed Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis for the genes from modules to clarify their possible biological processes and underlying signaling pathway. Results. A total of 11 co-enriched gene sets were identiﬁed from the three various microarray data. Among them, 10 gene sets were activated, and involved in immune response and inflammatory reaction. 1 gene set was suppressed, and participated in cell cycle. The analysis of molecular modules showed that 2 modules might play a vital role in the pathogenic process of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that genes from module one enriched in signaling pathways related to inflammation, but genes from module two enriched in signaling of cell cycle and DNA replication. Particularly, necroptosis signaling, a newly identified type of programmed cell death that differed from apoptosis, was also determined in our findings. Additionally, for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, genes from module one showed a relatively high-level expression while genes from module two showed low-level. Conclusions. We identified two molecular modules were used to assess severity and predict the prognosis of the patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, these results provide a unique opportunity to explore more molecular pathways as new potential targets on therapy in COVID 19.
Association of ABO blood groups with SARS-COV-2 infection
Authors: Zhou Juan , Tan Yingzheng , Hu Llingli , Li Dan , He Xiaojin , Yuan Ting , Liu Huanhuan , Long Yunzhu
Published: June 2020

In view of the influence of ABO blood group antigens on infectious diseases, we explore the effect of ABO blood types on SARS-COV-2 infection. In this report, demographic data of 80 COVID-19 patients and 26 SARS-COV-2 asymptomatic carriers were collected based on electronic medical records. The results indicated that the distribution of ABO blood group in the confirmed patients was significantly different from asymptomatic carriers; importantly, antigen A carrier have significantly higher risk of developing into severe or critically cases than other types. These data present further evidence for the association of the blood groups to susceptibility to SARS-COV-2 infection.
COVID patients encountered by a general surgeon- 6 unique scenarios.
Authors: Jain Sumita , Mehta Deeksha , Aggarwal Lakshman , Goyal Alka , Sharma Chandra Shekhar , Mangalhara Naresh Kumar , Dadhich Yogendra , Bansal Somendra
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives :With rising demand of surgical interventions post lockdown due to Corona Virus Infectious Disease(COVID)-19, surgeons need to restart their surgical practice shortly. To increase caution and safety, six scenarios in which a surgeon may encounter COVID patients are hereby highlighted in the present study.Patients and Methods:A hospital based case series analysis of eight surgical patients admitted in past two months was done. Clinical and radiological records of these patients were studied separately and concluded consensually by two surgeons.Results:Six unique scenarios were identified:1. COVID positive patient, with concurrent surgical pathology.2. COVID positive patient incidentally diagnosed with additional surgical pathology.3. A solely surgical patient mimicking COVID positive symptomatology.4. A COVID negative surgical patient acquiring nosocomial COVID infection postoperatively.5. COVID positive surgical patient with false negative COVID report.6. COVID suspected by intraoperative COVID specific intestinal findings and then getting postoperative COVID test positive for the patient.Interpretations:· Deferrable surgeries to be avoided· A stringent institutional protocol for all patients is the essence of current surgical practice.· Minimal surgical or radiological intervention should be sought whenever possible.· The bias towards COVID, should not let us miss a surgical pathology in patients mimicking COVID clinically.· The possibility of a false negative COVID test, should be kept in mind in patients with typical COVID like symptomatology.· Immunocompromised surgical patients susceptible to nosocomial COVID infections should be dealed with extra caution and precaution.
Povidone-iodine-alcohol is superior to chlorhexidine-alcohol in its antimicrobial efficacy on the anaerobic microbial flora in surgical skin preparation of the shoulder Region
Authors: Dörfel Dorothea , Daeschlein Georg , Maiwald Matthias , Müller Gerald , Hudek Robert , Assadian Ojan , Kampf Günther , Kohlmann Thomas , Harnoss Julian-Camill , Kramer Axel
Published: June 2020

Background

Cutibacterium acnes is part of the anaerobic skin microbiome and resides in deeper skin layers. The organism is an agent of surgical site infections (SSI) in shoulder surgery and is difficult to target with skin antisepsis. We hypothesized that prolonged preparation with an agent that penetrates more deeply into the skin is more effective in shoulder surgery. Thus, we compared two different classes of antiseptics, each combined with alcohol, and each applied with two different contact times.
Methods

Using a cross-over study design, shoulders of 16 healthy volunteers were treated for 2.5 min (standard) or 30 min (prolonged) with alcohol-based chlorhexidine (CHG-ALC; 2% w/v CHG, 55% w/v [70% v/v] 2-propanol) or alcohol-based povidone-iodine (PVP-I-ALC; 3.24% w/v PVP-I, 38.9% w/v 2-propanol, 37.3% w/v ethanol). Skin sites were sampled before, immediately after, and 3 h after treatment, using a standardized cup-scrub technique.
Results

Aerobic skin flora was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than by CHG-ALC after 2.5 min application and immediate sampling (reduction factor [RF] 2.55±0.75 vs. 1.94±0.91, p = 0.04), but not after prolonged contact times and 3-h sampling. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were completely eliminated after PVP-I-ALC application, but still recovered from 3 of 16 and 1 of 16 samples after 2.5-min and 30-min CHG-ALC application and immediate sampling, respectively. Anaerobic flora, mostly consisting of C. acnes, was reduced more effectively by PVP-I-ALC than by CHG-ALC after standard (RF 3.96±1.46 vs. 1.74±1.24, p < 0.01) and prolonged (RF 3.14±1.20 vs. 1.38±1.16, p < 0.01) contact times. Sampling 3 h after treatment did not show any significant difference. None of the volunteers reported adverse events.
Conclusions

PVP-I-ALC is more efficacious than CHG-ALC for topical skin antisepsis concerning the anaerobic flora on the skin of the shoulder. Standard and prolonged contact times demonstrated superiority for PVP-I-ALC for samples taken immediately, but missed significance 3 h after application. The results underscore the need for protection against C. acnes and coagulase-negative staphylococci in orthopaedic surgery and the need to prevent infections caused by these organisms. The clinical relevance of these findings, however, should be studied with SSI as an endpoint.
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on general surgical emergencies: Are some emergencies really urgent? Level 1 Trauma center experience
Authors: Surek Ahmet , Ferahman Sina , Gemici Eyup , Dural Ahmet Cem , Donmez Turgut , Karabulut Mehmet
Published: June 2020

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on general surgical emergencies. On the other hand, we analyzed the effectiveness of the measures we have taken and the incidence of COVID-19 of patients and healthcare professionals.Method: In the pandemic period between March 14 and May 15, 2020, and in the same period of the previous year, the files of patients who underwent emergency surgery and followed up nonoperatively were reviewed retrospectively. The incidence of COVID-19 was questioned in patients operated on in the pandemic period and in health professionals working in the general surgery department.Results: Demographic data were similar between the two groups. The number of patients operated on in the pandemic group (n = 103) was lower than during the control group (n = 252) (p = 0.001). In the pandemic group, there was a significant decrease in the number of surgeries of uncomplicated appendicitis, acute cholecystitis and incarcerated hernia (p=0.001, p=0.005, p=0.001, respectively). Others surgeries were similar in both groups. In the pandemic group, nonoperatively follow-up rates were significantly lower in acute mechanical intestinal obstruction and acute cholecystitis (p=0.001, p=0.011, respectively). The findings of COVID-19 were positive in 6(6/103, %5.82) patients undergoing emergency surgery. None of our doctors had COVID-19 infection (0/20). The findings were positive only in 2 nurses from the general surgery department(2/24, %8,33).Conclusion: In these and similar pandemics, we think that a new algorithm is needed to approach emergencies and the results of this study can help for that.
A percepção docente sobre educação ambiental e sustentabilidade nas escolas municipais de Capitão Poço, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Borges Neto Raimundo Augusto , Sampaio Dioniso de Souza
Published: June 2020

Este artigo consiste em uma avaliação sobre o tema sustentabilidade e meio ambiente, juntamente com os professores da Rede Municipal de Educação de Capitão Poço, Estado do Pará, especificamente nas escolas "Francisco Marques", "Walmeire Borges" e "Mariana das Graças". Esta pesquisa tem a finalidade e o intuito de compreender a sensibilização e hábitos de consumo dos professores das referidas escolas. Juntamente com a Secretaria Municipal de Educação foi feito um levantamento da quantidade de escolas e professores atuando na educação básica e ensino fundamental maior (6o. ao 9o. ano), foi traçado um perfil dos professores com idade, tempo de formação e tempo de atuação docente, além dos hábitos e níveis de esclarecimento em relação à educação ambiental, com um questionário semiestruturado composto por 20 perguntas. Não contando somente com professores de ciências, mas sim, com professores de todas as disciplinas da grade curricular, procurando fazer uma interdisciplinaridade. Foi abordado também a questão da conscientização dos mestres, em relação a práticas sustentáveis. Como resultado final, os professores demonstraram conhecimento razoável a respeito do Meio Ambiente. Mas é claro que uma ação de intervenção é necessária, visto que, ainda há muita desinformação no meio educacional no que se refere à educação ambiental.
Applying the CAMEL model to assess performance of commercial banks: empirical evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Huu Nguyen Anh , Thu Nguyen Hang , Thanh Pham Huong
Published: June 2020

The paper aims to investigate the impact of CAMEL components on the financial performance of commercial banks in Vietnam. Three econometric models are built using four CAMEL’s crucial indicators as independent variables (capital adequacy, asset quality, management effectiveness, bank liquidity) and return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and net interest margin (NIM) as proxies for commercial banks’ financial performance – dependent variables. The research sample includes 31 Vietnamese commercial banks over the 6-year period, from 2013 to 2018. The results show a better fit of the fixed effects model (FEM) in terms of the research methodology compared to the ordinary least squares (OLS) and random effects model (REM). It was found that capital adequacy, asset quality, liquidity and management efficiency affect the performance of Vietnamese commercial banks. Acknowledgement This research is funded by National Economics University (NEU), Hanoi, Vietnam. The authors thank anonymous referees for their contributions and the NEU for funding this research.
FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY MARKET IN CHINA: CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Barykin S. A.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this article is to assess the extent, trends and consequences of the development of the financial technology market in China. To do this, an analysis of the current state of the Fintech market in China was carried out, the development factors of this market in the country and the consequences of the rapid development of the market for the entire economy of China were identified. It was concluded that the Chinese Fintech market is the leading market in the world in terms of transaction volumes and revenue. Areas were identified in which the development of the Fintech market had the greatest impact on the Chinese economy: the growth of the penetration of cloud technologies in the financial sector of China, the involvement of new segments of the population in the financial sector, and the increase in the efficiency of financial services.
Factores que determinan la competitividad del Parque Acuícola Cruz de Piedra en Empalme, Sonora, México
Authors: De La Torre Valdez Hugo César , Peralta Salazar Yosselin , Olivas Valdez Erika , Durazo Bringas María Guadalupe
Published: June 2020

La teoría establece que la competitividad se logra a partir de la capacidad de mejorar e inno-var; así, la ventaja competitiva se genera y se mantiene por medio de un proceso localizado en sectores. En el estado de Sonora (México), la actividad acuícola vinculada al cultivo de camarón experimenta un crecimiento a lo largo de un ciclo caracterizado por altibajos en la producción. Aspectos como inocuidad, falta de organización, surgimiento de enfermedades, agotamiento de recursos, falta de financiamiento e infraestructura influyen en el nivel de competitividad de esta. Este contexto lo afronta el Parque Acuícola Cruz de Piedra, localizado en el municipio de Empalme, Sonora, el cual muestra una serie de factores que determinan la competitividad productiva de este. Se realizó un estudio mixto, que comprende tres segmen-tos: 1) revisión documental sobre el desarrollo acuícola en Sonora; 2) análisis de estadísticas oficiales y estimación del rendimiento productivo de las unidades acuícolas, y 3) obtención de información en campo, que abarca el contexto local de los productores, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con informantes clave. La competitividad se divide en dos: una externa regional, que incluye el aprovechamiento de ventajas comparativas a partir de la construcción de un contexto competitivo (desarrollo científico, marco jurídico y apertura comercial), y otra interna local, que implica la generación de ventajas competitivas en el parque acuícola (contexto social, desarrollo tecnológico, cohesión empresarial, normatividad y comercialización). La competitividad deriva de un conjunto de factores que permiten que la acuicultura de camarón subsista como actividad de riesgo. Los productores despliegan un conjunto de estrategias vinculadas a la inocuidad. Por ello, la competitividad se asocia a inocuidad, y esta se logra con cohesión y sustentabilidad, elementos identificados en el Parque Acuícola Cruz de Piedra.
Tiempos de guerra, tiempos de unidad. México y el fortalecimiento de su identidad nacional durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial: la significación de las efemérides patrias
Authors: Sola Ayape Carlos
Published: June 2020

Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, el fortalecimiento de la identidad nacional en México alcanzó uno de sus niveles de mayor consciencia y desarrollo. Ante el incierto escenario internacional, el gobierno mexicano puso en marcha, de la mano del presidente Manuel Ávila Camacho, un plan estratégico en torno a la unidad nacional, el fomento de valores como la libertad, la justicia o la democracia y, de manera muy especial, la estimulación del fervor patrio. Mediante la significación del pasado, las efemérides del calendario patrio revolucionario se pusieron al servicio no sólo del refuerzo de la identidad nacional, sino también de la legitimación de las instituciones de la Revolución Mexicana.
Rentabilidad de la educación: Una aplicación utilizando registros administrativos gubernamentales
Authors: Reyes Sánchez Carlos
Published: June 2020

La rentabilidad de la educación hace referencia al incremento en los ingresos que se derivan del aumento de los años de escolaridad. Con base en estimaciones econométricas de las ecua-ciones mincerianas, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo calcular las tasas de retorno de la educación utilizando datos provenientes de registros administrativos gubernamentales obtenidos a partir de la Plataforma Nacional de Transparencia. Los resultados muestran tasas similares a las estimadas mediante el uso de encuestas, así como una relación convexa entre educación y salario, en la que la tasa de rentabilidad varía entre los distintos niveles educativos. Destaca también la existencia de un pequeño grupo de trabajadores eventuales, cuya tasa de retorno de la educación es de 10.2 por ciento, mientras que en los trabajadores de estructura es de 6.3 por ciento.
Violência contra a mulher: Atuação do psicólogo às vítimas
Authors: Campos Naiara Paula dos Santos , Monsores da Silva Carolina , Leite reis Thais
Published: June 2020

Objetiva-se neste artigo, aclarar sobre a violência contra a mulher e a atuação do psicólogo nos atendimentos. Utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica em artigos, teses, dissertações e livros retirados da internet na plataforma do Google. Procura-se demonstrar que a violência doméstica se caracteriza como uma forma de violência de gênero. Bem como, discorrer que essa violência constitui-se como ações perpetradas no âmbito interpessoal e/ou relacional, tendo como alvo sumário a mulher. Considerando que a violência não ocorre em plano recente, mas que vem acontecendo há décadas. Ainda explana-se o papel do psicólogo nos atendimentos à mulher e também ao agressor. Pretende-se compreender a violência contra as mulheres em seu amparo legal e promover uma reflexão de seus efeitos, a fim de ressignificarem suas vidas.
A atuação do Psicólogo junto aos familiares e ao paciente oncológico
Authors: Severino dos Santos Pio Eleni , De Mello Andrade Maria Clara
Published: June 2020

O câncer é uma patologia que pode interferir de forma significativa na vida do sujeito e de seu familiar/cuidador. Neste contexto, surge a Psico-oncologia, uma área de interface entre a Psicologia e a Oncologia. O presente estudo busca analisar o papel da Psico-oncologia na trajetória do doente e de sua família no processo de adoecimento do câncer. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, através da busca ativa de informações em livros, revistas e artigos acadêmicos. A partir do levantamento da literatura revisada, destacamos que a atuação do psicólogo no cuidado oncológico se dá por meio do apoio psicossocial e psicoterapêutico através de grupos de apoios, acolhimento, assistência, escuta, entre outras práticas, visando propiciar um melhor enfrentamento da doença entre os envolvidos. De modo geral, pode-se inferir que a Psico-oncologia é uma ferramenta contemporânea e indispensável na promoção da qualidade de vida ao paciente com câncer, a sua família e à equipe que o acompanha.

Palavras-chave: Câncer. Família. Paciente. Psico-oncologia
As práticas em psicologia hospitalar e os afetos no profissional psi
Authors: Medeiros Vanessa , Mariano da Silva Vanessa , De Mello Andrade Maria Clara
Published: June 2020

A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica pretendemos expor a forma como se engendra a psicologia hospitalar no Brasil e refletir as maneiras que as vivências profissionais podem afetar a psicóloga (o), bem como o manejo frente às demandas que perpassam suas experiências pessoais. Primeiramente será abordado o contexto histórico em que a psicologia adentra o hospital tornando-se presente nesse espaço, fazendo então um paralelo entre as práticas profissionais, os afetos encontrados ali e os possíveis manejos que o psicólogo se utiliza para realizar seu trabalho. Conclui-se, portanto, refletindo que a dinâmica hospitalar perpassa muitas vezes as vivências do profissional e que este, por sua vez, precisa estar munido de instrumentos e autonomia para trabalhar as demandas que podem emergir neste lugar
Considerações sobre a importância da fala na psicanálise e sua afinidade com o programa de doze passos de Alcoólicos Anônimos
Authors: Silva Ana Lúcia Cavalcanti de , Cabral Samico Fernanda
Published: June 2020

O trabalho tem como finalidade articular, sob o ponto de vista da psicanálise, os efeitos produzidos pelo ato de fala direcionada ao ouvinte, em dois ambientes discursivos distintos, apontando para a importância da linguagem na estruturação do inconsciente. Pretende levar, a partir de um recorte, informação sobre a dinâmica de funcionamento de um grupo de A.A. -  irmandade norteada por um programa de doze passos - que assim como a psicanálise, porém sem substituí-la, lança mão do discurso do sujeito que traz consigo uma demanda, um sofrimento, para promover a sua recuperação E, mais especificamente, lançar um apelo no sentido de abrirmos a mente para o reconhecimento desse espaço de “cura”, traduzida segundo Freud como “a reorganização do Eu”, […] Efetivamente, Freud fala da ampliação do Eu  e define a cura como a produção de um ser psíquico novo. Mesmo assim concebida, a cura continua sendo uma ideia, um ideal vago. (1927)