bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Frequency Acoustic Stimulation Sound on Intrauterine Weakening of Pregnant Sheep
Authors: Suherman Djamil , Joewono Hermanto Tri , Sardjana I Komang Wiarsa
Published: March 2018

Research to determine changes in intrauterine sound pressure in pregnant sheep after administration acoustic stimulation outside of the abdominal wall at some frequency sounds. The study was conducted at the Animal Hospital of Veterinary Faculty of Airlangga University. Pre test experimental design with pre- and post-test one group to assess intra-uterine sound pressure changes. The study was conducted at two lambs pregnant aterm after acoustic stimulation at a distance of 10 cm from the surface of the abdominal wall to the sound pressure 80,85,90,95 and 100 decibels and sound frequency of 31.5, 63, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 6000 and 8000 hertz. The results showed that the difference between the sound pressure outside of the abdominal wall with intrauterine sound pressure on both the pregnant sheep by an average of 16.7570 ± 8.0797 decibels. This shows their weakening sound after passing through the abdominal wall and the uterine wall. By using a paired t-test, this weakening statistically significant. At frequencies from 31.5 to 1000 hertz weakening values from 5.2 to 17.1 decibels while in 2000-8000 hertz frequency weakening value of 20.2 to 30.8 decibels. The conclusion that the stimulation of noise from outside the walls of the abdomen weakening sound after penetrating the abdominal wall and the uterine wall. Weakening occur at every level of sound pressure and at every level of a given frequency. Weakening value becomes greater at frequencies above 1000 hertz.                                                                                                       Keywords: weakening, sound pressure, sound frequency, pregnant sheep.
The Potency of ∆F 508-T Gen Mutant the Coding of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) As Prototype at the Congenital Bilateral Absence of Vas Deferens (CBAVD) Disease in Indonesia
Authors: Mafruchati Maslichah , Harijadi Mas’ud , Widjiati Widjiati , Hidayat Boerhan
Published: March 2018

Birth defect (congenital defect / congenital condition) is an anomaly appearing at birth and able to cause the physical or mental defect or death. Birth defect generally can be detected during the prenatal period. However, if this cannot be detected during the prenatal period, it can be identified at the post natal examination. Congenital Bilateral Absence Vas Difference (CBAVD) is of one the congenital defects characterized by Azoospermia causing the occurrence of infertility. This congenital defect can bring impact to the structural, functional and metabolism anomalies. Approximately 7.9 million children in the world (about 6% of the whole anomalies in the world) were born with serious congenital defects every year due to genetic anomaly or other post-conception. The determination of optimal output from PCR optimization to obtain the location of ∆F 508-T mutant on CBAVD patients in Indonesia is conducted pursuant to the gene target. The conclution were influence of various factors as the indicator specifying the mutation of ∆F 508-T mutant needs to be considered in making a decision for the preliminary research on CBAVD in Indonesia.
A Retrospective Study of Canine Pyometra in Segar Veterinary Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Year 2012-2016
Authors: Hui Ng Xin , Hariadi Mas’ud , Primarizky Hardany
Published: March 2018

A retrospective study was used to analyse canine pyometra cases in Segar Veterinary Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from May 2012 to May 2016 and to investigate the relationship between pyometra and breed and age of dogs. The study was done through secondary collection of data from ambulatoirs of pyometra cases which were diagnosed based on anamnesis, examination of clinical signs and ultrasonography and/or radiography. The data collected includes breed categorised into small, medium, and large breeds, whereas the age are categorised into puppies, adulthood and geriatric. The data was then analysed with tree classification analysis and CATPCA (Principal Components Analysis for Categorical Data) analysis using SPSS program. A total of 80 cases of pyometra were recovered from female dog patients over the study period. Small breed dogs at 72.5% (n=58) and geriatric dogs at 62.5% (n=50) had the highest percentage of pyometra. The breeds Mongreal, German Shepard Dog, Mini Schnauzer, Silky Terrier, Toy Poodle, Beagle, Chow Chow, Golden Retriever, Rottweiler, Cocker Spaniel, White Terrier, Siberian Husky, and Pekingese aged older than 5.5 years had 100% from 37 cases of open-cervix pyometra. Geriatric and small breed dogs are inclined to have open-cervix pyometra. However adult and medium or large breed dogs have a higher possibility to have closed-cervix pyometra. These results serve to highlight the importance of public awareness regarding canine pyometra and further researches are needed to find out the effects of hormone therapy, frequency of births, and the bacteria present in uterus with pyometra. Keywords: Canine pyometra, Open-cervix Pyometra, Closed-cervix Pyometra, Age and Breed
Oocyte Quality and Subsequent In Vitro Maturation of Sheep Oocyte-Cumulus Complex from Ovary with Presence and Absence of Corpus Luteum
Authors: Widyastuti Rini , Syamsunarno Mas Rizky A.A. , Saili Takdir , Boediono Arief
Published: March 2018

In vitro maturation is the crucial step for in vitro embryo production. It needs a large number of oocytes as source gamet cells recovered. The present study is aimed to assess the influence of corpus luteum on the average number oocytes harvested, COCs quality and subsequent maturation of immature oocytes recovered from sheep ovaries. Sheep ovaries were collected from local slaughterhouse and COCs were collected by using slicing method. Collected COCs were graded into three categories dependent upon cumulus cells surrounding them and the homogenous of cytoplasm. COCs were maturated in maturation media at 5% CO2 for 24 hours. Maturation of oocytes evaluated base on the expansion of cumulus cells and extrusion of the first polar body. There was significantly higher on average of COCs harvested from ovaries with corpus luteum compared without corpus luteum. The presence of Corpus luteum did not affect the COCs quality and ability to reach the maturation stage. However, there was a dramatic effect of cultured COCs quality on maturation rate both groups. Collectively, these results indicate that COCs quality is the main factor affecting the subsequent of oocytes matured in vitro. Keywords: Corpus luteum; cumulus oocyte complex; in vitro maturation; maturation rate; ovaries
The Effect of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I of Pregnant Crossbred Mare Serum and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Recombinant Mouse on Estrous Cycles and Litter Sizes of Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Restiadi Tjuk Imam , Mustofa Imam , Utama Suzanita , Mulyati Sri
Published: March 2018

The research was conducted to determine the effect of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) derived from pregnant crossbred mare serum (PMS) on estrous cycle and litter size in mice (Mus musculus). The research was arranged by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and five replications. The treatments were control (CO)= physiological NaCl, treatment (T) 1 = 10 ng/ml of IGF-I pregnant mares crossbred serum (PMS), T2 = 20 ng/ml of IGF-I PMS, T3 = 40 ng/ml of IGF-I PMS, T4 = 10 ng/ml of IGF-I recombinant mouse, T5 = 20 ng/ml of IGF-I recombinant mouse, and T6 = 40 ng/ml of IGF-I recombinant mouse. Serie I the subject of this research were 35 female mice. Observed variables included estrous cycle phases that proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus phase. Serie II for the objects of this research were 35 female mice and 21 male mice in the same treatment on litter size in mice. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) test. The result showed that the addition of IGF-I PMS did not significantly affect (p>0.05) on proestrus, metestrus, and diestrus phase. The addition of IGF-I PMS 40 ng/ml was extended (p<0.05) the estrus phase. It showed that there was not significantly difference (p>0.05) between the effect of IGF-I PMS and IGF-I recombinant mouse with the mice estrous cycles. The result of IGF-I derived from PMS and IGF-I recombinant mouse on litter size in mice did not significantly difference (p>0.05). Test results shows significant differences between control and 40 ng/ml of IGF-I PMS. Keywords: IGF-I, IGF-I pregnant crossbred mare serum, estrous cycle, litter sizes, Mus musculus
Adding of L-Arginin Amino Acidin Skim Milk Diluent to Maintain Quality of Buck Sperm in Cold Temperature
Authors: Suprayogy Tri Wahyu , Susilowati Suherni , Hernawati Tatik
Published: March 2018

Nowdays, the storage of buck semen in cold temperature have not satisfied yet  because in  buck’s seminal plasma contains phospholipase enzyme which can coagulated egg yolk in diluents.The specific aim of this study was to investigate the benefits of  L-Arginin amino acid in skim diluents to quality  buck’s spermatozoa on cold temperature. This researchutilized four treatment groups, namely Controlled group (P0): skim milk diluent without L-Arginin + buck’s semen; P1: skim milk diluents + L-Arginin 0,002M/ml + buck” semen; P2: skim milk diluents + L-Arginin 0,004 M/ml + buck’s semen and P3: skim milk diluents + L-Arginin 0,006 M/ml + buck’s semen. Then the samples stored in cold temperature (5oC). The result showed that sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity were significantly different (p<0,05) among the treatments.The conclusion of this study is adding of L-Arginin Amino Acid in skim milk diluents maintain motility, viability and membrane integrity  buck’s sperm. Keywords: L-Arginin, buck, cold temperature, motility, viability and membrane integrity
Profile of Crude Protein Tyrosine Kinase on Plasma Membrane of Merino Sheep Spermatozoa Using the Method of SDS-Page (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrilamide Gel Electrophoresis)
Authors: Wardani Vilda Carlenia , Madyawati Sri Pantja , Hastutiek Poedji
Published: March 2018

The research aims to find out profile of crude protein tyrosine kinase on plasma membrane of Merino sheep spermatozoa. The research used fresh semen sample collected using artificial vagina technique, next it was centrifuged to separate spermatozoa from seminal plasma. Then, spermatozoa (pellet) was isolated. After obtaining spermatozoa isolate, analysis on protein tyrosine kinase using  SDS-PAGE method was conducted. The method to analyze protein using SDS-PAGE to separate protein based on molecular weight. Analysis on molecular weight was conducted by comparing  result of isolate tapes with protein marker tapes. Running on  SDS-PAGE gel isolate protein plasma membrane of Merino sheep spermatozoa in the research resulted in 13 protein tapes with average molecular weights of 115.44 kDa; 95.78 kDa; 78.22 kDa; 69.02 kDa; 62.33 kDa; 53.72 kDa; 40.56 kDa; 30.74 kDa; 21.16 kDa; 13.67 kDa; 10.85 kDa; 9.49 and 8.07 kDa kDa. From this result, the second tape with the molecular weight of  95.78 kDa was believed to be protein tyrosine kinase tape however it needs to be confirmed further using Western Blot method.Keywords: tyrosine kinase, membrane of Merino sheep spermatozoa , SDS-PAGE
Comparison of Morula and Blastula Embryo Vitrification by Using Cryoprotectant Ethylene Glycol, Propanediol, DMSO and Insulin Transferrin Selenium
Authors: Widjiati Widjiati , Luqman Epy Muhammad , Sumarsono Portia
Published: March 2018

Vitrification is freezing method with low temperature (-196ºC) using high concentrations of cryoprotectants with a view to preventing the formation of ice crystals that can damage cells and decrease the viability of the embryo blastomeres. Embryos post warming which has low viability when transferred to a recipient will decrease the pregnancy rate. Intracellular cryoprotectants used in vitrification is ethylene glycol, propanediol, or DMSO. The third type of cryoprotectants has different capacities to protect the morula and blastocyst stage embryos. This study aims to decide the exact type of cryoprotectants in protecting the morula and blastocyst stage embryos when vitrification process. Research methods were divided into three groups of cryoprotectants that group treatment 1 (P1): Ethylene Glycol 30% + Sucrose 1 M + Insulin Transferrin Selenium 15 mL, group treatment 2 (P2): Propanediol 30% + Sucrose 1 M + Insulin Transferrin Selenium 15 mL, treatment Group 3 (P3): DMSO 30% + Sucrose 1 M + Insulin Transferrin Selenium 15 mL. The data obtained were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results of research that use Propanediol at the morula stage embryo vitrification is not significantly different from the Ethylene glycol but significantly different from DMSO. Then use Ethylene Glycol at the blastocyst stage embryo vitrification significantly different with Propanediol and DMSO and DMSO Propanediol but usage is no different. The conclusion of this study is Propanediol used as cryoprotectants in the vitrification process morula stage embryos, while ethylene glycol used as cryoprotectants the blastocyst stage embryo vitrification process.Keywords: vitrification; ethylene glycol; propanediol; DMSO; morula; blastocyst
Effect of L-Arginine on the Thickness Iliac Arteries Wall Post Fogarty Balloon Embolectomy Catheter in Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Puspitarani Gavrila Amadea , Widjaja Ngakan Made Rai , Primarizky Hardany
Published: March 2018

The effect of the chronic administration of L-arginine on iliac arteries thickness after surgical embolectomy using Fogarty balloon catheter were examined. Sixteen New Zealand White male rabbits underwent unilateral iliac artery surgical embolectomy using Fogarty balloon catheter. Then the animals were divided into two group of control (P0) fed with standard rabbit diet and treatment (P1) standard rabbit diet added with L-arginine in their drinking water 4 for weeks. The iliac arteries were harvested for histological slide preparation with routine method, observed under the microscope attached with Nikon camera and measured using NIS-Element BR application in 8 zones. Data were collected and analyzed by independent T-test. The result of the vessel thickness was significantly decreased on the P1 (234.1± 18.1 µm) than P0 (411.6 ± 191.7 µm). Furthermore, the thickness of intimal was significantly decrease in P1 (140.9± 27.0 µm) compared with P0 (304.3± 215.7 µm). As a result, there was no significant different on the thickness of medial between P1 (93.2± 15.7 µm) and P0 (107.3± 101.5 µm). The results demonstrate that L-arginine decreased iliac artery wall thickness after surgical embolectomy with Fogarty balloon catheter in rabbit. Keywords: L-arginine ; nitric oxide ; Fogarty balloon catheter ; vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.
Ellagic Acid Activity in Healing Process of Incision Wound on Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Primarizky Hardany , Yuniarti Wiwik Misaco , Lukiswanto Bambang Sektiari
Published: March 2018

This study was conducted to prove whether ellagic acid can be used as a regulator of incision wound healing process in male albino rats as experimental animals. A total of 24 male healthy rats based on physical examination, aged at 3 months old and weight at 150-180 grams used in this study. Rats were divided into three groups and each group has 8 replications, group of control (P0) has no incision wound and no medication, treatment group (P1) has incision wound and treated with Betadine® and (P2) has incision wound and treated with 2,5 % ellagic acid. The variable that observed are histopathology changes (collagen, PMN, angiogenesis and fibrosis) from the male albino rats. The samples collection was taken at day 15 and data were collected and analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. The result of collagen and PMN cells score in the control group (P0) were 1.80 ± 0.16 and 1.6 ± 0.08 with mild angiogenesis and no fibrosis. The results in the treatment (P2) group, where the collagen and PMN scores were 1.60 ± 0.08 and 1.5 ± 0.8, accompanied by mild angiogenesis and fibrosis. Meanwhile, in the treatment (P1) group, the results of scoring of collagen and PMN were lower than the other groups, 0, 80 ± 0.08 and 0.6 ± 0.16 accompanied by moderate angiogenesis and fibrosis. There was a significant difference of collagen scoring, PMN cells number, fibrosis and angiogenesis among the treatment groups (p<0.05). P1 treatment group has significant different with treatment groups P0 and P2 (p<0.05), but there is no significant difference between treatment groups P0 and P2 (p>0.05).  From the results, it can be concluded that the topical application of ellagic acid ointment was proved to provide healing process on incision wound. Topical administration of ellagic acid ointment for 14 days was able to improve the skin condition and promoted the wound healing.Keywords: Ellagic acid ; wound healing ; collagen ; angiogenesis ; fibrosis ; anti-inflammatory ; antioxidant ; antibacterial.
Control and Preventive Study of Brucellosis by Using
Authors: J Rahmahani , D Handijatno , W Tyaningsih , Suwarno Suwarno
Published: March 2018

The aims of this research is to determine the ability of sub unit lipopolysacharide(LPS) vaccine of Brucella abortus strain S-19 in mice and goat, including IgM and sub classes IgG antibody humoral response, cellular mediated immune response (IL-2, IFN- γ) in mice, also IgG as humoral immunity, IL-4 and IL-12 as cellular immunity, comparison affectivity with Brucella abortus strain RB-51 vaccine in goat . This research has two steps methods. Step first, 30 Balb C mice were divided into 3 groups and vaccinated subcutaneously, First group injectedB. abortus S-19, second group injected LPS and third group injected sodium chloride solution. Booster vaccination was conducted every two weeks till the eight week after first vaccination. The second step performed vaccinated to 30 goats divided into three groups. First group was injected by subcutaneous LPS 50 µg/ml and second group injected LPS 100 µg/ml and the third group injected with sodium chloride as control. Booster vaccination conducted 2 weeks after first vaccination and second vaccination. Result of the research conferred. Result research, antibody response in mice showed vaccination by LPS of B. abortus S-19 showed higher titer than vaccination by whole cells but inverse cellular response. The both vaccines showed induce subclass antibody response, vaccination by LPS tendency to IgM response but vaccination by Whole cells active vaccine tendency to IgG1, IgG 2a and IgG2b. Response antibody in goat on two weeks after first vaccination, vaccination with LPS of B. abortus S-19, dose 50 µg/ml failed or zero titer IgG response but dose 100 µg/ml was 500response antibody on two weeks after second vaccination by dose 50 µg/ml was 340 but by dose 100 µg/ml was 960, while cellular IL-12 response two weeks after first vaccination by dose 50 µg/ml was 22.88 pg/ml but by 100 µg/ml was 62.15 pg/ml. Response cellular IL -12 two weeks after second vaccination 50 µg/ml was 12.04 pg/ml while by dose100 µg/ml was 130.88pg/ml    Cellular immune response IL-4 on two weeks after first vaccination, dose 50 µg/ml showed 55.57 pg/ml but by dose100 µg/ml was 49.35 pg/ ml. Response cellular IL-4 on two weeks after second vaccination by dose 50 µg/ml  was 22.17 pg/ml but by dose 100 µg/ml was 143.89 pg/ml Keyword: Vaccine sub-unit LPS of Brucella abortus S-19, Humoral antibody, Cellular antibody
Hispathology of Coronary artery of male rat (Ratus Norvegicus) with high fat diet after being given ethanol extract of Indian acalypha (Acalipha indica. L)
Authors: R Kurnijasanti , D Winarti , R.S. Wahyuni , K Puguh , Setyabudi Setyabudi , Sukmanadi Sukmanadi , R Sugihartuti , R Damayanti , N Hidayati , K Rahmawati , A.S. Sudjarwo
Published: March 2018

This research aims to know the effect of ethanol extract of Indian acalypha (Acalipha indica L) to histopathology of coronary artery of  male rat (Ratus norvegicus) with high fat diet. Twenty male rats (Rattus Norvegicus) males aged 3-5 months with mean weight 200 grams were divided into 5 groups and 4 replications. Group 1 (negative control) was only given standard feed and distilled on ad libidum. Four groups (Positive control, Treatment 1, 2 and 3) were made hypercholesterolaemia by administering 1 mL peroral pork oil for 56 days. On day 14, the cholesterol levels were checked. After hypercholesterolaemia, from day 15 to day 56, each group was given ethanol extract of Indian acalypha  peroral with a dose of 200 g / kg BW (P1), 400 g / kg BW (P2) and 800 g / kgBW (P3), whereas the positive control groups were not given ethanol extract of Indian acalypha. On day 57, the dying rat was dissected for the removal of the cardiac organ and the making of coronary artery histopathological preparation. Data on histopathologic observation of coronary artery were analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis test, and if there was a significant difference between treatment groups (p <0.05), then it continued with the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that in infiltration of fat cells and endothelial cells that experienced damage treatment P1, P2, and P3 which were given extracts of Indian acalypha experienced decrease compared to positive control treatment groups. The result of statistical test of fat cells and endothelial cells in the coronary artery that experienced damage showed significant differences between treatment groups (p <0.05), whereas in the statistical test of coronary artery foam cells showed no significant differences between treatment groups (P> 0 , 05). From the research, it can be concluded that ethanol extract of Indian acalypha (Acalipha indica L) can improve histopathology coronary artery of rat fed high fat diet.
Immunohistochemical Detection of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Antigen in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues with Correlation to Clinicopathologic Data
Authors: Manzano Lavina Gracia G.
Published: March 2018

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used in this study to detect the presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) antigen using monoclonal antibody (Mab SDOW17) in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues of lung, lymph node, heart, spleen, and kidney of pre- weaning to less than 90 day old pigs. Out of the 25 tissue samples examined from swine cases of the Philippine Animal Health Center (PAHC), Bureau of Animal Industry and College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) Histopathology Laboratory, University of the Philippines-Los Baños (UPLB), 14 or 56% (14/25) were IHC positive for PRRSV antigen.  Among the selected tissue samples, the PRRS virus was detected the most in the lymph nodes (64%) and lungs (40%), respectively, compared to other organs such as spleen (33%), kidney (28%), and the heart (17%). Only 43% (6/14) of cases coincided with the pathogenesis and clinicopathologic lesions of PRRS which are proliferative interstitial pneumonia and lymphoid follicular hyperplasia and necrosis. PRRS positive cases in IHC were consistently found to have co-infections with viral and bacterial diseases. Since PRRSV has tropism for macrophages and destruction of these cells leads to immunosuppression, affected animals are vulnerable to secondary infections. Keywords: formalin-fixed;  immunohistochemistry;  paraffin embedded tissue;  piglets;  Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome; PRRS virus antigen; Mab SDOW17
Anthelmintic Activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Leaves Ethanol Extract Against Fasciola gigantica in vitro
Authors: Mahardika Mesia Margi , Sudjarwo Sri Agus , Koesdarto Setiawan
Published: March 2018

The aims of this research are to know the concentration, exposure time and interaction between concentration and exposure time of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves ethanol extract which cause the most mortality toward Fasciola gigantica. Also to know its value of LC50 and LC90. The research was completely randomized design. There were five treatments. Each treatment was done in four replications and used 10 Fasciola gigantica. The observation and recording of dead Fasciola gigantica were done at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours. Fasciola gigantica were declared dead if there was no movement when disturbed by anatomy tweezers and when dipped in slightly warm water (50ºC). The obtained data was analyzed using ANOVA Factorial and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test. The result was 10% concentration and exposure time for 10 hours caused the most mortality toward Fasciola gigantica. However, the interaction between concentration and exposure time resulted that 5% concentration for 8 hours already caused the most mortality of Fasciola gigantica. Probit analysis was used to calculate the LC50 and LC90. The results were LC50 of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves ethanol extract was 7.9% at 4 hours, 3.7% at 6 hours, 1.8% at 8 hours and 0.8% at 10 hours and the LC90 was 8.4% at 10 hours. Key words: Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves, Fasciola gigantica, ethanol extract, in vitro.
Scabiosis in Rabbit
Authors: Sofyan Miyayu Soneta , Chrismanto Doni
Published: March 2018

Scabiosis caused by Sarcoptes scabiei and still hard to controled. So many factors that influence include geographic factors that play a role in the incidence of parasitic diseases as tropical Indonesiastrongly support the life cycle S.scabiei var.cuniculi. Control of scabies has been by way of drug delivery such as injection ivermectine scabies, permethrine cream, or the use of malathion liquid, the control method requires high costs due to scabies infections can occur repeatedly if the surrounding environment is not considered. Scabies or mange is a contagious skin disease due to mites (mites) Sarcoptes scabiei. All rabit  in Animal Hospital will be identified symptoms of scabies like their crust a whitish, thickening of the skin, the hair shaven in the nose, muzzle, around the eyes, ears or if the infection is severe can be found in the legs or back. Further assessment (scoring) between positive score 1-4 based on the severity of the infection. Keywords: Scabies, Sarcoptes scabei, Rabbit, Ivermectin
Detection of Newcastle Disease Virus by Immunohistochemistry on the Brains of Laying Birds with Clinical Signs Torticollis and Curled Toe Paralysis
Authors: Wulan Ocie Harum , Yunita Niken , Wuryastuty Hastari , Wasito Raden
Published: March 2018

Poultry is one of animal protein sources that have been consumed much in Indonesia. Various of health disorders are caused by environmental changes, woof and infectious agents have caused decline in production and economic loss. One of diseases that have a big impact on poultry husbandry is Newcastle disease (ND). Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an important disease in Indonesia, because this has spread around Indonesia and caused a big loss for poultry industry moreover, this has high morbidity and mortality and very rapid spread of the virus. The purpose of the research is to find out and determine a fast, exact and accurate, and efficient and effective application immunohistochemistry streptavidin biotin (IHK SB) test on NDV diagnosis affirmation and for NDV fast detection as a cause of disease on commercial laying hens with clinical torticollis and curled toe paralysis symptoms. The samples used in the form of tissues from 20 commercial laying hens with an indication of clinical torticollis and curled toe paralysis symptoms. Brains would be tested using streptavidin biotin. Inspection result data obtained by immunohistochemistry streptavidin biotin (IHK SB) method is analyzed in a descriptive and qualitative way. The result of the research proves that IHK SB coloration, NDV antigen could be detected on brains. Based on the result of the research, it could be concluded that IHK SB could be applied for NDV diagnosis affirmation and it proves that commercial laying hens with clinical torticollis and curled toe paralysis symptoms. Keywords: Newcastle disease virus, immunohistochemistry streptavidin biotin, torticollis, curled toe paralysis
Implementation of Meniran Extract (Phyllanthus Niruri Linn) on the Performance of Broiler Chickens Infected by Mycoplasma gallisepticum Caused Chronic Respiratory Disease
Authors: Hidanah Sri , Sabdoningrum Emy Koestanti , Wahjuni Retno Sri , Arimbi Arimbi
Published: March 2018

Chronic respiratory disease (CRD) of chicken is a disease that has great economic losses in poultry industry in the world. The losses are mainly due to the decrease of body weight gain, feed efficiencies, hatchabilities and increase conversion of the feed, of embryo mortality. The main causative agent of Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) is Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Mycoplasma gallisepticum attacks the respiratory tract, especially in young broiler chickens with age ranged 3-5 weeks. CRD treatment usually uses macrolide antibiotics, because it has proven effective to inhibit protein synthesis. However, it is not recommended to continuously given because the chicken can be resistant to the medicineand leave a harmful reside to consumers. The development of herbal medicine utilization currently is mostly implemented for the treatment of diseases that infected livestock. Meniran plants (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) is one of the plants that can be used as prevention and alternative treatment caused by Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD). Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) has the content of bioactive compounds that have antibacterial activity, including terpenoids,alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The purpose of this study is to test and evaluate the effectiveness of Meniran extract (Phyllanthus Niruri Linn) on the performance of broiler chickens infected by Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD), seen from the feed conversion.Keywords: Meniran, Mycoplasma galisepticum, Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD), performance of Broiler Chickens, Feed Conversion
Blood Parasite Infection Prevalence in Kampong Chicken Breeder’s Group in Garut
Authors: Legowo Djoko , Khotimah Syifa Husnul , Suwanti Lucia Tri
Published: March 2018

The Aim of this research was to determine the blood parasite infection prevalence in Garut District. The research was conducted in November-December 2016. 160 samples of blood were obtained from eight subdistrict at Kampong Chicken Breeder’s Group (KEPAK) in Garut District smeared with 3% Giemsa solution and examined under a microscope with 1000x magnification. The merozoite and gametocyte that was discovered recorded. The data that obtained was analyzed descriptively. A parasites were found in 11 blood samples (6.88%). The genus of blood parasites is Leucocytozoon sp., while Plasmodium sp., Haemoproteus sp., and Trypanosoma avium sp. are not found in this research (0%). All of blood infected parasite only found at Tarogong Kidul subdistrict and seven other subdistricts showed negative results.  Keyword: Blood parasite, Leucocytozoon, KEPAK, Kampong Chicken
Amino Acid Analysis of Fusion (F) Gene and Prediction of Epitope B-Cell Newcastle Disease Surabaya Isolate As Vaccine Candidate
Authors: Rahmawati Indah Laili , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Tyasningsih Wiwik
Published: March 2018

The aims of this research is to determine pathotype according to composition amino acid cleavage site of F protein, and epitope prediction of F protein from Surabaya isolate. Samples were cloacal swabs of 28 backyard chickens from five wet markets in Surabaya, 9 ND positive isolates from Laboratory of Virology and Immunology Department Microbiology Airlangga University, and also positive LaSota isolates (ATCC). Samples were isolated on the embryonated chicken egg and identified by HA test. The viruses were confirmed as NDV by hemagglutination inhibition assay and RT-PCR with target 687 bp. Prediction of epitope were using online software IEDB. The result of epitope B cell prediction from each isolate showing 11-12 epitope B cell candidates in protein F. Thus, it could be concluded that ND virus which isolated from Surabaya has a chance as immunogen candidate, which can be developed as vaccine candidate. Key words: Newcastle disease, Cleavage site, Fusion protein, Surabaya
Mini Review : Liver Fibrosis Mechanism
Authors: Yuniarti Wiwik Misaco , Primarizky Hardany
Published: March 2018

Liver fibrosis is the process of wound healing in the liver that caused by a various causes. The longer time of wound healing process, the more severe disorder will be. This chronic condition is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix then ended with fribrosis. This mini review describes about the phase of liver fibrogenesis. Even though there are many variations of fibrogenesis in animals and human, in general there are three fibrogenic cells that involved in fibrogenesis. These three cells are fibroblast or endogenous fibroblast like-cells, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and fibrocytes that derived from bone-marrow. Keywords : liver, fibrosis, fibroblast, EMT, fibrocytes, collagen
The Nutrients Contents, Dry Matter Digestibility, Organic Matter Digestibility, Total Digestible Nutrient, and NH3 Rumen Production of Three Kinds of Cattle Feeding Models
Authors: Al-Arif M. Anam , Suwanti Lucia Tri , Estoepangestie AT Soelih , Lamid Mirni
Published: March 2018

In Indonesia, forage is difficult to obtain in the dry season, while the agricultural waste very abundant and potentially pollute the environment. Use of agricultural waste as feed animal is very advantage to obtain cattle nutrients need and alleviate pollution. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutrient quality of fermented complete feed based on soybean straw (CFS), compared with forage (F) or forage and concentrate with 4:1 ratio (FC). Proximate analysis was conducted to three kind of feed, then nutrients digestibility were conducted by in-vitro analyzed. Each kind of feed consisted of 4 replicates. The results showed that CFS had higher ash and crude protein content and less crude fiber than FS and F. CFS had dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) significantly (p< 0.05) higher than F but not significantly different with FC. There are not significantly different of NH3 production among the three kinds of feed. The conclusion was CFS had highest nutrient content. CFS and FC had digestible nutrient that higher than F. The quality of CFS can still be improved by adding N digestible for rumen microbe growth.Key words: complete feed, soybean straw, nutrient digestibility
Immunogenicity of Bone Graft Using Xenograft Freeze-Dried Cortical Bovine, Allograft Freeze-Dried Cortical New Zealand White Rabbit, Xenograft Hydroxyapatite Bovine, And Xenograft Demineralized Bone Matrix Bovine In Bone Defect Of Femoral Diaphysis White Rabbit Experimental Study In Vivo
Authors: Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah , Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Suroto Heri
Published: March 2018

Bone defect remains a big challenge for orthopedic surgeon. Bone grafting nowadays become the second common transplantation after blood transfusion. Autogenous bone graft is the gold standard in treatment of bone defect, but it’s source limitation and donor site morbidity makes some surgeon were looking for allograft or xenograft. There are some issues with allo- and xenograft about difficulty in corporation and rejection reaction. This study explores the immunogenicity of allograft and xenograft. Keyword :  freeze-dried xenograft, freeze-dried allograft, hydroxyapatite xenograft, demineralized bone matrix xenograft.
Genotyping Analysis of Mycobacterium leprae isolated in Water Environment of Leprosy Endemic Places in Lamongan, East Java
Authors: Prakoeswa Cita Rosita Sigit , Herwanto Nanny , Wahyuni Ratna , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Adriaty Dinar , Agusni Indropo , Izumi Shinzo
Published: March 2018

Finding of Mycobacterium leprae from water of leprosy endemic areas were reported. East Java Province is ranked number eight as the endemic area of leprosy in Indonesia and Lamongan district is the local area with the highest new cases reported. To study the transmission of Mycobacterium leprae infection in endemic areas, it is important to detect the distribution of Mycobacterium leprae in the environment and population, also to analyze the genetic variation pattern. Keywords: endemic; environment; genotyping; leprosy; Mycobacterium leprae.
Iron Overload Reduces Cholestrol and Triglyceride Serum of Mice
Authors: Setiawati Devi Agustin , Syamsunarno Mas Rizky A.A. , Fianza Pandji Irani , Atik Nur , Anggraeini Neni , Ghozali Mohammad , Safitri Ratu , Panigoro Ramdan
Published: March 2018

Most of the case of patient with hemoglobin disorder genes need routine blood transfusion throughout their life. It leads to increase iron accumulation with liver as the main organ for iron storage. Liver is the main organ for metabolic process, including triglyceride and cholesterol. However, correlation between metabolism of triglyceride and cholesterol, and iron overload condition is remain uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of iron overload to triglyceride and cholesterol level in the serum of mice. Keywords: iron overload; Triglyceride serum; Cholesterol Serum.
Measurement of Alkaloids Achyranthes Aspera Linn Level Using Thin Layer Chromatography Method and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Meles Dewa Ketut , Wurlina Wurlina , Anom Adnyana Dewa Putu
Published: March 2018

One of the plants with the potential to be developed into a raw material for anti-breast cancer drugs is jarong (Achyranthes aspera linn). Allegedly alkaloid of Achryranthes aspera linn leaves showed anticancer activity in vitro in mice myeloma cells is extremely potent. In vivo study showed that the alkaloid Achyranthes aspera linn causes apoptosis and healing in breast cancer cells in mice induced by benzopyrene. Alkaloids of Achyranthes aspera linn leaves as anticancer been listed on Incestual Property Rights (IPR) since October 12, 2012, with number P00201299839. This study aims to prove the existence of alkaloids in the leaves of Achyranthes aspera linn using thin layer chromatography (TLC), determine the level of alkaloids in the leaves alkaloid fraction of Achyranthes aspera using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and alkaloid fraction dose as an anticancer and dosing for the study. Alkaloid qualitative measurement results with thin layer chromatography showed alkaloid in orange. Alkaloid levels using HPLC has a retention time of 3.482 minutes, a wavelength of 254 nm, there are 13 kinds of chemical substances with the major components amounted to 52.36% alkaloids, the other component is the green substance with a peak area of 13.0624%, while other chemical substances in a very small peak area of between 0.428% until 8.3598%. Alkaloid fraction dose of Achyranthes aspera used in the study as anticancer is controlled the dose of 0 mg/kg, 1 treatment dose of  60 mg/kg, 2 treatment dose of 75 mg/kg and 3 treatment dose of 90 mg/kg.  Keywords: Alkaloids, Achyranthes aspera linn, TLC, HPLC.
Propolis Potential Toward the Amount of Limphoblast and Spleen Diameter of Male Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Rinaldhi Werstant Adhityananda , Hestianah Eka Pramyrtha , Sosiawati Sri Mumpuni , Yustinasari Lita Rakhma
Published: March 2018

The aim of this research was to find out the effect of propolis in the amount of lymphoblast and the correlation between the treatment of propolis with spleen diameter each of white male mice (Mus musculus). This research used  25 male white mices which are 12 weeks old has 25-35 gram of body weight. They were divided randomly into five groups. (P0) as control  was given 0,5 ml aquades/day, and other group were given propolis for 0.4 mg/0.03kg/day (P1), 0.8 mg/0.03kg/day (P2), 1.6 mg/0.03kg/day (P3), and 3.2 mg/0.03kg/day (P4). After two weeks treatment, 25 mices were sacrificed their spleen were then used in histological preparation with HE staining. The data were analyzed by ANOVA method based on Completely Randomized Design and further analyzed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The result from statistical analysis showed that treatment with propolis increased the amount of lymphoblast also the spleen diameter of white male mice (p<0,05) and show positive correlation amount of lymphoblast and white pulp spleen diameter. Keyword: propolis, lymphoblast, white pulp, spleen
Identification the Gene Nucleotide Sequence of Outer Membrane Protein Aeromonas Hydrophilla Bacteria from East Java Local Isolates Using Polimerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Yuliani M. Gandul Atik , Handijatno Didik , Madyawati Sri Pantja
Published: March 2018

Aeromoniasis disease or known Ulcer Diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila which in fish or shrimp often occurs in some embankment or in the Aquarium can cause sign patches – patches of bleeding can even cause economic loss and death if not promptly treated with treatment that accompanied the good sanitation. This disease affects many farmed freshwater fish in East Java. Previous research has managed to do the characterization of antigenic protein originating from the OMP (outer membrane protein) Aeromonas hydrophilla. Because it is felt necessary to do DNA sequensing encoder protein in question.To achieve these goals then do some exploratory research laboratoric methods, namely: identification of the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophilla fish from suspect infection by PCR, gel electrophoresis and Sequencing of gene fragments of the agarosa OMP A. hydrophilla isolates of East Java. The results obtained from this research is the result of agarosa gel electrophoresis in DNA chromosome Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria cells is carried out at a temperature of annealing 54oC position 400 bp and the results of the sequencing primer that is used produces a sequence of nucleotides is around 355 nucleotides. Key words: Aeromonas hydrophilla, agarosa gel electrophoresis, DNA sequencing
Postmortem Interval Estimation Time from Algormortis Temperature of Rats Expressed by MARS Model Approach
Authors: Syabani Dwi M. , Eliyani Hana , Suharsono Suharsono , Rantam Fedik A. , Ma’ruf Anwar
Published: March 2018

Estimation of Postmortem is one of the challenges in forensic science. The aim of this study was to construct a  MARS  model of  Postmortem interval  estimation time (PMT)  from  algor mortis temperature in Rat. Sixteen healthy male rats (Rattus norvegicus), onemonth old and weigh 100 gram were randomly divided into two groups (eight/each group) and were acclimated respectively among the ambient room (temperature over 28ºC) and at the conditioning room (temperature over 20ºC). The animals then were sacrificed in two days (four rats/day  for each divided room) then algor mortis by rectal temperature  were recorded after death at 0 and 2,4,6,8, 10,12, 14,16, 18,20 till 22 h respectively. The MARS model is nonlinear regression but performed as a multilinier curve that can have splines fitting and be defined as function model Y = 35.321 + 1.253 * BF1 + 0.436 * BF2 - 1.319 * BF3; and on 20ºC condition room as Y = 29.980 + 1.354 * BF1 + 0.799 * BF2 - 1.347 * BF3. Therefore,  performance model was comprised by multilinier  curve, then function model of  algor mortis on ambient  room be defined into three PMT intervals i.e: 1)Y=37,94 -0.11*(0-2h)  (p>0.00); 2) Y = 40.88 - 1.87* (2-6h) ( p<0.00) and 3) Y=30.82-0.09*(6-22h)  (p<0.00)  while on 20ºC condition room, was : 1)Y = 34.78-0.09* (0-2h) (p<0.00) ; 2) Y = 37.97-2.38* (2-6h) (p<0.00) and  3)Y = 25.36-0.04* 6-22 h (p>0.00). The acceleration of the declining algor mortis at conditioning room showed steeper than on ambient room at 2-6h PMT interval   (ß : 2,38 vs  1,87). Postmortem Time Interval Estimation from  Algormortis Temperature of Rats could be expressed by MARS Model. The pattern model of estimation comprised by multilinear curve with splines was fitted at both of the experimental rooms.Keywords : Postmortem time interval, algor mortis, MARS model estimation
Aquoeous Extract of Neem Leaves (Azadirachta Indica) Decrease Expression of Immunoglbulin E (IgE) and Interleukin 4 (IL-4) in Gingiva Tissue of BALB/c Mice Injected by Ovalbumine
Authors: Ratna Dewanti I Dewa Ayu , Susilawati I Dewa Ayu , Lestari Pujiana Endah , Budirahardjo Roedy , Wulandari Erawati , Widi Ristya , Wibisono Sunlip
Published: March 2018

Allergy has been such a difficult disease to cure. Some anti-allergic drugs on the market caused side effects such as dryness of mucous membranes, confusion, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating and blurred vision, bull neck and moon face. It is difficult to find anti-allergic drugs with minimum side effects. Aim. The research aimed to find alternative anti-alergic agent, it was aquoeous extract of Neem leaves. In particular, this study analysed modulation of aquoeous extract of Neem leaves to expression of Ig E and IL-4 in gingival tissue. Materials and Methods. A total 15 BALB/c Mice was divided into three groups, i.e controle group (no treatment were introduced), Ova group (On days 0, 7, 14 submucous injected with ovalbumine), Neem group (were given with aquoeous extract of Neem leaves 200 mg/day/kg body wieght and injected with ova). Ova injection was 25 μL (in 2 mg/mL PBS), while neem leaves extract were given by oral sondation. IgE and IL-4 were analysed in gingival tissue on day 21 by imunohistochemistry method. Parameters are amouts of leucocytes that expressed IgE and IL-4.  Results. ANOVA and LSD test showed that aquoeous extract of Neem leaves could decrease IgE and IL-4 expression significantly (p<0,05) in gingival tissue. Conclusion. Aquoeous extract of Neem leaves  could be used as an alternative for anti-alergic agent. Key words : Aquoeous Extract from Neem Leaves ; Azadirachta Indica ; Ig E ; IL-4 ; ovalbumine ; oral
Experimental Models Point Mutations In Plasmodium falciparum pfatpase6 Gene Exposed to Recuring Artemisinin In Vitro
Authors: Maslachah Lilik , Dachlan Yoes Prijatna , Nidom Chairul A. , Fitr Loeki Enggar
Published: March 2018

The aims of this research  to prove that repeated exposure of artemisinin can cause pfatpase6 gene mutation on Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. The research methods used culture In Vitro Plasmodium  falciparum of strain 2300 IC50 value determination test artemisinin, artemisinin repeated exposure test  (PO1, PO2, PO3 dan PO4) dose IC50, DNA extraction, gene amplification of pfatpase6 using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique,  electrophoresis, PCR product purification, labeling DNA from PCR results, DNA precipitation of PCR product, application of product labeling on the sequencing machines, analysis of  the results of sequencing, and Data Analysis. The results of PCR pfatpase6 gene amplification include region 6 – 3216 for codon 89-1031 located in exon 1 and 2 Plasmodium falciparum 2300  by using five pairs of primers. Primer pair 1FR produce a long amplicon of 737 bp which covers of codon 89; primer pair 2FR produce a long amplicon of 813 bp which covers of codon 263, 431; primer pair 4FR produce a long amplicon of 700 bp which covers of codon 460, 465, 623; primer pair 5FR produce a long amplicon of 550 bp which includes of codon 683, 769; and primer pair 6FR produce a long amplicon of 876 bp which covers of codon 898, 1031.Multialigment pfatpase6 gene Plasmodium  falciparum of strains  Papua 2300 point mutations are obtained in the form of transition and transversion in treatment groups at the same nucleotide region 123, 2035, 2043, 2138 dan 2148. Conclusion of this research Artemisinin repeated exposure  can cause point mutations in pfatpase6 genes Plasmodium falciparum of strains  2300 in vitro Keyword: Artemisinin, Plasmodium falciparumof strain Papua 2300, pfatpase6 gene,  point mutation