bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study of Aesthetics in Nursing Practice Among Hospitalized Cancer Patients in Nepal
Authors: Kongsuwan Waraporn , Dahal Pratiksha
Published: June 2023

Background:Aesthetics is the art of nursing that is expressive, subjective, and visible in the act of caring in nursing practice. Aesthetics in nursing practice satisfies holistic needs and achieves the quality of whole-person care.Purpose:The aim of this study is to describe the meanings of the lived experiences of cancer patients in terms of receiving care from the perspective of aesthetics in nursing practice.Methods:The hermeneutic phenomenological approach grounded on Gadamerian philosophy guided this study. Eleven Nepalese cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria shared their experiences through graphic illustrations (drawings) and interviews. Data were analyzed and interpreted following van Manen’s phenomenological approach reflective of the four life worlds. The trustworthiness of findings was established following the criteria by Lincoln and Guba.Results:Thematic categories of the lived experience of cancer patients were revealed, reflecting the four life worlds:lived relationexpressed as being nurtured as a family;lived spaceas appreciating the healing space;lived timeas being hopeful; andlived bodyas receiving a new life. This experience was described asexperiencing self and other while appreciating the healing space, being hopeful and nurtured as family and having a new life.Implications for Practice:Aesthetics in nursing practice values on politely nurturing cancer patients as nurses’ family members in a pleasant healing environment. Further, cancer patients experience having a new life.
Critical Race Theory: A Tool to Promote an Anti-Racist Pedagogy
Authors: Campbell Erica
Published: June 2023

There has been much controversy surrounding critical race theory (CRT) and the discussion of race and racism in education. The national emergence of racial injustices such as state-sanctioned violence, police killings of people of color, schools’ pipeline to prison, and COVID-19 racial disparities, in addition to racial justice movements such as #BlackLivesMatter, #SayHerName, and #BlackAndMissing has ignited the need for the social work profession to bring awareness to the pervasiveness of race and to fully acknowledge the role of white supremacy on education, social systems, institutions, legal systems, and culture. This article highlights the need for social work education to develop anti-racist education and practice and increase awareness of white supremacy in the United States. In addition, this article suggests the value of infusing CRT as an anti-racist pedagogy and tool to teach race, actively oppose racism, and organize social change.
Towards Digital Transformation for Universal Health Coverage
Authors: Bloom Gerald , Balasubramaniam Priya , Marin Anabel , Nelson Erica , Quak Evert-jan , Husain Lewis , Barker Tom
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has re-emphasised the need to ensure equitable access to safe, effective and affordable health services. The very rapid shift to the use of smartphone apps and telephone consultations (telemedicine) has highlighted the potential impact of digital innovations on the capacity of health services to meet this need. It is time to take digital health seriously. In 2021, The Lancet and the Financial Times published a report by a commission of experts entitled Governing health futures 2030: growing up in a digital world. It describes the many ways that digital technologies are affecting health and access to health services (Kickbusch et al. 2021). The report emphasises the changing inter-relationships between the health and digital technology sectors and makes the case for effective governance of digital health. It outlines measures that can be taken to influence the speed and direction of change, with the aims of building trust and ensuring that the needs of poor and vulnerable people are met. Its focus is on global trends and global responses. This report complements that document by focusing on actions that LMICs can take to ensure that digital innovations contribute to their strategies for improving health and access to health services.
Endogamous Marriage of Prophet's Descendants on the Perspective of Sociology of Islamic Law
Authors: Fauzan  , Abdul Qodir Zaelani  , Muzakki M. Harir , Syafi'i Imam , Bustomi
Published: June 2023

This study aims to comprehensively describe the endogamous marriages of the Prophet Muhammad's descendants from the perspective of the sociology of Islamic law. The marriage mainly occurs in syarīfah (the female descendants); they are required to marry the prospectives from ḥabīb (male descendants) groups only. Endogamous marriage will be explored holistically by clarifying the reciprocal relationship between social change and Islamic law among syarīfah. This field research examines the enactment of the law in social life. It used a sociological Islamic law approach to reveal the facts about endogamous marriage in Bangil, East Java, Indonesia, because many of the Prophet's descendants live there. Data collection techniques were interviews and literature search, while the analysis technique used is Miles and Hubermen's analytical procedure. After conducting in-depth research, a conclusion was found that endogamous marriage among syarīfah in Bangil is a form of obedience to customs passed down across generations since their ancestors, namely the tradition of marrying someone of equal lineage. Endogamous marriages have been maintained to this day due to religious teachings, the spirit of protecting the Prophet's family, and the social conditions of those who support its preservation.
Branding a Caliphate in Decline: The Islamic State’s Video Output (2015-2018)
Authors: Nanninga Pieter
Published: June 2023

Although video releases have been central to the Islamic State’s efforts to represent itself to its audiences, an extensive quantitative and qualitative study of these sources over a longer period of time is still lacking. This paper therefore provides an overview and analysis of the entire corpus of official videos released by the Islamic State between 1 July 2015 and 30 June 2018. It particularly focuses on how the Islamic State’s decline in Iraq and Syria during this period is reflected in its video output and how the group has responded to its setbacks. The paper demonstrates a strong correlation between the group’s mounting troubles and its video production: the numbers of videos decreased dramatically and their content reflects the Islamic State’s (re)transformation from a territory-based ‘state’ to an insurgent group relying on guerrilla tactics and terrorist attacks. Nevertheless, this paper argues that the Islamic State’s multi-faceted response to its setbacks might ensure the groups’ appeal to its target audience in the years to come
Providing Psychological Care to Child Soldiers Living in Post-IS Iraq
Authors: Ilhan Kizilhan Jan
Published: June 2023

"When troops of the self-proclaimed “Islamic State” conquered areas of northern Iraq in August 2014, they turned against the religious minorities in the region, particularly against the Yazidis, with extreme brutality. Many men were executed; women and children were kidnapped and often systematically raped. IS specifically targeted children and adolescents, who were torn away from their families to be trained as child soldiers. This involved religious indoctrination on a daily basis and intimidation combined with weapons training. By means of force their personality and identity were changed until they were made compliant. Following the liberation from IS terror, former child soldiers are especially vulnerable to developing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. They need long-term psychosocial support to cope with their trauma and mitigate any potential threat they may pose. This policy brief focuses on the situation of children and adolescents living in post-IS Iraq and underlines the need for better psychosocial care for these people in order to allow them to cope with the mid and long-term consequences of the violence they were exposed to. Further, the psychological stress of child soldiers, possible dangers that can be caused by them, and recommendations for psychosocial care are shown."
Orlando Farya e a captura de pequenas narrativas
Authors:   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Cerqueira Fátima Nader Simões
Published: June 2023

A produção poética de Orlando da Rosa Farya se dá no papel de condutor de uma narrativa fragmentada e em desenvolvimento em viagens por cidades do Brasil e do exterior, nas quais teatraliza a figura do flâneur-fotógrafo, caminhante que registra uma espécie de “panorama” do século XXI, criando trajetos e expedições em busca de territórios culturais diversos.
Richard Serra e Frank Gehry no espaço público da cidade
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Florio Wilson
Published: June 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo estabelecer correlações entre a escultura monumental de Richard Serra e a arquitetura de Frank Gehry. O conceito chave é o espaço percebido no tempo.
Narrativas alimentares
Authors: Santos Laíse Rodrigues dos , Barbosa Lilian Ramos , Freitas Maria do Carmo Soares de , Machado Virgínia Campos
Published: June 2023

A população idosa dispõe de memórias que refletem diferentes momentos de incertezas alimentares e políticas públicas voltadas à alimentação. Nesse sentido, este trabalho objetiva analisar a história alimentar de idosos, sobretudo no que concerne aos significados da insegurança alimentar e nutricional em suas vidas, bem como suas implicações nas escolhas alimentares atuais. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de narrativas autobiográficas na perspectiva sócio-histórica. Os resultados mostram a coexistência da negação da fome e das estratégias utilizadas nos momentos de insegurança alimentar e nutricional vivenciados pelas participantes e suas famílias. Também são apresentados os desejos alimentares que surgiram em momentos vulneráveis anteriores e como eles afetam a alimentação atual dos participantes. Diante do observado, destaca-se que a escuta do sujeito permitiu uma reflexão e percepção da alimentação para além do campo biológico, evidenciando a complexidade da experiência alimentar desses indivíduos.
Congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) From Non-Primary Maternal Infection: Still a Problem?
Authors: Malherbe Victoria , Celen Stefanie , Carkeek³ Katherine , Carapancea Evelina , Auriti Cinzia , Piersigilli Fiammetta
Published: June 2023

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection resulting from non-primary maternal infection or reactivation during pregnancy can cause serious fetal-neonatal sequelae. We describe a male newborn born at term, with signs of perinatal asphyxia, and intractable acute provoked seizures, in the context of severe cCMV infection. The newborn was delivered in a referral hospital by emergency caesarean section due to fetal distress. Due to signs of asphyxia at birth and clinical moderate encephalopathy (Sarnat 2), he was transferred to our center for therapeutic hypothermia. Continuous full video-electroencephalography monitoring showed no seizures during the first 72 hours, however, soon after rewarming, he presented refractory status epilepticus. Cranial ultrasonography revealed bilateral ventricular and intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Routine infectious screen-ing on urine, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and nasopharyngeal secretions revealed positive CMV DNA Polymer-ase Chain Reaction (PCR) on all samples. The CMV DNA performed on the bloodspot (Guthrie) card taken at birth yielded a positive result, confirming the intrauterine transmission and congenital origin of the infection. Maternal non-primary CMV infection in pregnancy is transmitted to the fetus in 0.5-2% of cases. When transmitted, it may cause serious fetal abnormalities, complications in the immediate neonatal period, and se-vere sequelae later in childhood. During pregnancy, it is useful to monitor maternal serology for CMV, even in previously immunized mothers, to identify signs of new infection or viral reactivation and implement measures to prevent neonatal sequelae. The possible advantages of standardized CMV screening of all newborns are a pertinent discussion point, as this may enable us to identify affected neonates timeously and prevent long term disabilities.
Is Histamine, and Not Acetyl-choline, the Missing Link between ADHD and Allergy? The Speer Allergic Tension Fatigue Syndrome Re-visited
Authors: Blasco-Fontecilla Hilario
Published: June 2023

The Speer allergic tension-fatigue syndrome (SATFS) is a classic syndrome characterized by allergy-like symptoms, muscle tension, headache, chronic fatigue, and a particular behavior. The particular behavior displayed includes symptoms such as hyperkinesis, hyperesthesia (i.e., insomnia), restlessness, and distractibility, among others. Interestingly, these symptoms are very similar to recent descriptions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder worldwide, which is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Although the exact cause of ADHD remains unknown, it has been proposed that deficiency of the enzyme diamine oxidase (DAO), which metabolizes histamine, may be involved in the development of ADHD. Our conceptual paper suggests that DAO enzyme deficiency may be involved in the development and severity of ADHD. Histamine, which is metabolized by DAO, plays an important role in the regulation of attention, memory and cognition. Therefore, decreased DAO activity could lead to an accumulation of histamine, which could contribute to ADHD symptoms. This study provides a theoretical framework for the relationship between DAO deficiency and ADHD, which could have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder. Further empirical studies are needed to confirm our hypothesis and explore the clinical implications of the relationship between DAO deficiency, histamine, and ADHD.
Effects of diabetes mellitus related dysglycemia on the functions of blood-brain barrier and the risk of dementia
Authors: Wątroba Mateusz , Grabowska Anna D. , Szukiewicz Dariusz
Published: June 2023

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic diseases worldwide, and its long-term complications include neuropathy, referring both to the peripheral and to the central nervous system. Detrimental effects of dysglycemia, especially hyperglycemia, on the structure and function of blood-brain barrier (BBB) seem to be a significant backgrounds of diabetic neuropathy pertaining to the central nervous system (CNS). Effects of hyperglycemia, including excessive glucose influx to insulin independent cells, may induce oxidative stress and secondary innate immunity dependent inflammatory response which can damage cells within the CNS, thus promoting neurodegeneration and dementia. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) may exert similar, pro-inflammatory effects through activating receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), as well as some pattern-recognition receptors (PRR). Moreover, long-term hyperglycemia can promote brain insulin resistance, which may in turn promote Aβ aggregate accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation. This review is focused on a detailed analysis of the effects mentioned above towards the CNS, with special regard to mechanisms taking part in the pathogenesis of central long-term complications of diabetes mellitus initiated by the loss of BBB integrity.
Triggering Magnets for Wiegand Sensor by Electrodeposited and Origami Magnetized CoNiP Micro-magnets
Authors: Kotnana Ganesh , Cheng Yun , Lin Chiao-Chi
Published: June 2023

Miniature sensors are key components for the applications in the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks, autonomous vehicles, smart cities and smart manufacturing. As a miniature and self-powered magnetic sensor, Wiegand sensor possesses the advantageous traits including changing-rate-independent output, low cost, and remarkable repeatability and reliability. Typical Wiegand sensor requires hard magnetic pole pieces that provide external fields for triggering voltage outputs that are called Wiegand pulses. However, the wire-shaped sensing element of Wiegand sensor is the critical issue that limits the design, selection, and adoption of the external triggering magnets. Currently, the widely used pole piece materials are rare-earth magnets. However, adopting rare-earth magnets brings strong stray fields, causing electromagnetic interference (EMI) problem. In this study, patterned CoNiP hard magnets were electrodeposited on flexible substrates through microfabrication. Origami magnetization was utilized to control the resultant stray fields, and hence the pole piece of CoNiP magnets can successfully trigger the output of Wiegand pulse. In comparison, the output voltage of the triggered pulse acquired through the patterned CoNiP magnets is comparable to that by using the rare-earth magnets. Furthermore, both the volume (meanwhile the weight) of the Wiegand sensor and the EMI issue can be significantly reduced and mitigated by the CoNiP magnets.
Comparing Enhanced Models for Evaluating Economic Impact of Airports
Authors: Magalhães Ivaciane de Quadra , Correia Anderson Ribeiro , Bandeira Michelle Carvalho Galvão da Silva Pinto , Zackiewicz Mauro , Tozi Luiz Antonio
Published: June 2023

Evaluating the economic impact of airports is crucial for understanding the benefits they bring to a region. However, when an area has more than one airport, it becomes essential to analyze each airport's contribution to the local economy to make informed investment and policy decisions. Thus, studying economic models that can distinguish each airport's impact on the region's economy becomes essential. In this context, this paper aims to compare three different approaches to determine the economic contribution of airports in a given region and identify their social and economic benefits. The International Civil Aviation Organization recommends using Input-Output analysis in this context. The study considered three weight factors for the Input-Output basic model: circular buffer, displacement time, and Huff's gravitational model. The analysis was performed using the three largest airports in São Paulo's state, Brazil, due to their proximity and influence on the surrounding area. The models were compared based on their efficiency and accuracy in reflecting the reality of the case study context. The study identified the most suitable model for establishing correlations between investments made in airport infrastructure and the generation of gross domestic product, employment, and added value. This study fills a gap in the existing literature by proposing improvements to the methods for evaluating airports' economic and social benefits. In recent times, airport investors, both in the government and private sectors, have become increasingly demanding in their need for accurate analyses before making investments. Therefore, the results of this paper will provide valuable insights into the benefits of investing in airport infrastructure and help policymakers and investors make informed decisions.
New Insights into the Enhancement Effect of Exogenous Calcium on Biochar Stability during Its Aging in Farmland Soil
Authors: Nan Hongyan , Jiang Yunqiu , Zhou Weiqi , Zhao Ling , Yang Fan
Published: June 2023

Converting biowaste into biochar and subsequently putting it into the soil are considered to be an effective approach to sequestrate carbon (C). However, biochar will inevitably undergo the aging process in soil, which influences its stability, and ultimately threatens its carbon sequestration ability. This study selected CaCl2 as exogenous additive of sewage sludge and bone dreg to quantify both surface C and bulk C stability in Ca-rich biochars under three aging processes (dry-wet aging, freeze-thaw aging, and natural aging in farmland soil), and revealed the influence mechanisms of exogenous Ca on biochar stability. Results showed that after dry-wet aging (25 rounds), freeze-thaw aging (25 rounds), and natural aging in different farmland soils (5 months), oxidized surface C in Ca-rich biochar decreased by 10~23%, 28~41%, and 0~74%, respectively, compared to that in pristine biochar, while oxidized bulk C decreased by 6~10%, 0~1%, and 0~35%, respectively. Under three aging processes, the surface C and bulk C stability in Ca-rich biochar were superior to that in corresponding pristine biochar, which was attributed to the “protective effect” of Ca-containing crystals on biochar surface, including CaO, Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Ca5(PO4)3(OH), Ca8H2(PO4)6·H2O and Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. These Ca-containing crystals could block the connection between biochar-C and the external oxidizing environment, intervening the oxidation of C-C/C=C in biochar, but also prevented aging from damaging C structure of biochar, reducing the generation of fragmented structure. By comprehensively assessing surface C and bulk C stability under three aging processes, final C sequestration in Ca-rich biochar increased to 27~80%, compared to that in pristine biochar (23~74%). Therefore, Ca-rich biochar is more dominant than pristine biochar, considering C sequestration potential during long-term aging in soil.
A Feasibility Study on Making Polylactic acid (PLA) Polymers by Using Spent Coffee Ground
Authors: Mak Shu-lun , Wu M. Y. T. , Chak W.Y , Kwong W. K. , Tang W. F. , Lee C. H. , Lee C.C. , Li C.Y.
Published: June 2023

Coffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world. Annual coffee consumption continues to increase, but at the same time, it generates a large amount of spent coffee grounds from the brewing process, that arises environmental problems. An appropriate solution to manage these spent coffee grounds becomes crucial. Our project aims to discuss the feasibility of utilizing the spent coffee ground to synthesize polylactic acid as a recycling application for spent coffee ground. This paper will discuss the properties and potential recycling applications of spent coffee grounds, the brief production process of polylactic acid, and the potential process for converting spent coffee ground to lactic acid. From our review, it is feasible to utilize spend coffee ground as the primary sources for lactic acid production by bacteria fermentation, and further produce bioplastics, polylactic acids by ring-opening polymerization. Possible ways to improve the yield and corresponding cost analysis are also discussed.
Planning and Evaluation of Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Penetration for Marine and Waterfront Applications
Authors: A.Gabbar Hossam , Esteves Otavio Lopes Alves
Published: June 2023

The global trade and transportation sectors heavily rely on the maritime industry. Still, its dependence on fossil energy sources poses significant environmental challenges and leads to unstable fuel prices that affect the cost of goods transported by sea. This paper aims to evaluate the viability of seaports as energy-intensive entities and explore the feasibility of implementing a Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy System (NRHES). The study presents a case study of the Tanjung Priok Port in Indonesia, focusing on estimating energy consumption, emissions, and the potential impact of carbon taxation on seaport operations. By quantifying these factors, the research provides insights into the energy requirements, environmental effects, and potential costs associated with seaport carbon taxation. A comprehensive analysis of the technical and economic feasibility of implementing an NRHES in the seaport case study is conducted, determining the optimal sizing and composition of components, considering the proportion of nuclear and renewable energy sources. Additionally, the economic analysis considers energy costs, net present cost, cash flow, return on investment, and internal rate of return. The findings aim to inform decision-makers about the benefits and challenges of adopting an NRHES, contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable future for the maritime industry.
Suppression of Nasopharyngeal and Gastric Tumors Growth in a Mouse Model by Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus LMP-1 Protein
Authors: Khenchouche Abdelhalim , Salem-Bekhit Mounir M. , Mansour Ahd Ahmed , Alomary Mohammad N. , Wang Xiaohui , Alzahrani Hayat Ali , Hosiny Ibrahim M. Al , Taha Ehab I. , Shazly Gamal A. , Benguerba Yacine , Houali Karim
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The study aimed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of anti-LMP1 antibodies in EBV-positive nasopharyngeal and stomach cell lines and xenograft models. The study also exam-ined the NF-κB expression and cell cycle activation of NPC serum exosome-associated LMP1. An-ti-LMP1 antibody treatment before or during cell implantation prevented tumor growth in nude mice. A small dose of antibodies resulted in complete tumor regression for at least three months af-ter the tumors had grown in size. The consumption of antigen-antibody complexes by tumor cells limited tumor growth. In vitro experiments showed that anti-LMP1 antibodies killed EBV-positive NPC- or GC-derived epithelial cell lines and EBV-positive human B cell lines but not EBV-negative cell lines. Treatment with anti-LMP1 reduced NF-κB expression in cells. The animal model experi-ments showed anti-LMP1 inhibited and prevented NPC- or GC-derived tumor growth. The results suggest that LMP1 antibody immunotherapy could cure nasopharyngeal cancer, EBV-positive gastric carcinoma, and EBV-associated lymphomas. However, further validation of these findings is required through human clinical trials.
Recent Progress in Self-Powered Sensor Based on Liquid-Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Nguyen Quang Tan , Vu Duy Linh , Le Chau Duy , Ahn Kyoung Kwan
Published: June 2023

Recently, there is a growing need for sensors that can operate autonomously, without the need for an external power source. This is especially important in applications where conventional power sources, such as batteries, are impractical or difficult to replace. Self-powered sensors have emerged as a promising solution to this challenge, offering a range of benefits such as low cost, high stability, and environmental friendliness. One of the most promising self-powered sensor technologies is L-S TENG, which stands for the liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator. This technology works by harnessing the mechanical energy generated by external stimuli such as pressure, touch, or vibration, and converting it into electrical energy that can be used to power sensors and other electronic devices. Therefore, self-powered based on L-S TENG, which provides numerous benefits such as rapidly responding, portability, cost-effectiveness, and miniaturization, is critical for increasing living standards and optimizing industrial processes. In this review paper, the working principle with three basic modes has been briefly introduced firstly. After that, affecting parameters to L-S TENG are reviewed based on the properties of the liquid and solid phases. With different working principles, L-S TENG has designed a lot of structure that works as a self-powered sensor for pressure/force change, liquid flow motion, concentration, and chemical detection or biochemical sensing. Moreover, the continuous output signal of TENG plays an important role in a real-time sensor that is vital to the growth of the Internet of Things.
Empagliflozin Reduces Interleukin-6 Levels in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Gotzmann Michael , Henk Pauline , Stervbo Ulrik , Blázquez-Navarro Arturo , Mügge Andreas , Babel Nina , Westhoff Timm H.
Published: June 2023

Background: Inhibition of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of diabetic and non-diabetic patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. The present prospective study investigates for the first time the effect of empagliflozin on various soluble markers of inflammation in HFrEF.
Methods: We included 50 inpatients with HFrEF and diabetes mellitus type 2. Half of the patients received a therapy with the SGLT-2-inhibitor empagliflozin in addition to standard medication, the other half of the patients did not receive empagliflozin and were considered as control group. Quality of life, functional status and soluble immunological parameters in serum were assessed at baseline and after 3 months.
Results: Baseline characteristics of both groups revealed no significant differences. Patients on empagliflozin demonstrated a significant improvement in the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (baseline 44.2 ± 20.2 vs. 24 ± 17.7; p<0.001), in distance in the 6-minute walk test (baseline 343 ± 145 m vs. 450 ± 115 m; p<0.001) and in soluble interleukin-6 level (baseline 21.7 ± 21.8 pg/ml vs. 13.7 ± 15.8 pg/ml; p=0.008). There was no significant change of these or other parameters in the control group (p>0.05 each).
Conclusions: The empagliflozin-induced improvement of quality of life and functional capacity in patients with HFrEF and type 2 diabetes mellitus is accompanied by a substantial reduction of interleukin-6 levels. Thus, antiinflammatory effects may contribute to the benefits of SGLT2-inhibitors in heart failure.
Genetic Drift and Alphapapillomavirus Evolution
Authors: Burk Robert D. , Mirabello Lisa , DeSalle Robert
Published: June 2023

Pervasive purifying selection on non-synonymous substitutions is a hallmark of papillomavirus genome history. Whereas the role of selection on, and drift of, non-coding DNA elements on HPV diversification is poorly understood. More than a thousand complete genomes representing Alphapapillomavirus types, lineages and SNP variants were examined phylogenetically and interrogated for the number and position of non-coding DNA sequence motifs using Principal Components Analyses, Ancestral State Reconstructions and Phylogenetic Independent Contrasts. For anciently diverged Alphapapillomavirus types, composition of the 4 nucleotides (A,C,G,T), codon usage, trimer usage and 13 established non-coding DNA sequence motifs revealed phylogenetic clusters consistent with genetic drift. Ancestral state reconstruction and Phylogenetic Independent Contrasts revealed ancient genome alterations, particularly for CpG and APOBEC3 motifs. Each evolutionary analytical method we performed supports the unanticipated conclusion that genetic drift and different evolutionary drivers have structured Alphapapillomavirus genomes in distinct ways during successive epochs, even extending to differences in more recently formed variant lineages
Inter-rater Agreement for Diagnosing Adenomyosis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Transvaginal Ultrasonography
Authors: Andersson Johanna K , Mucelli Raffaella Pozzi , Dueholm Margit , Fridsten Susanne , Grigoriadis Aristeidis , Guerriero Stefano , Leone Francesco Paolo , Valentin Lil , Van Den Bosch Thierry , Voulgarakis Nikolaos , Gemzell-Danielsson Kristina , Epstein Elisabeth
Published: June 2023

Our aim was to compare the inter-rater agreement of Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) regarding diagnosing adenomyosis and for various predefined imaging features of adenomyosis in the same set of women. MRIs were assessed by four experienced radiologists and 2D TVS videoclips and 3D ultrasound volumes were assessed by five experienced sonographers. Each rater subjectively evaluated the presence or absence of adenomyosis, assessed various imaging. Fleiss kappa (κ) was used to reflect inter-rater agreement for categorical data and the Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to reflect the reliability of quantitative data. Agreement between raters for diagnosing adenomyosis was higher for TVS than for MRI (κ =0.42 vs.0.28). MRI had a higher inter-rater agreement in assessing wall asymmetry irregular Junctional Zone (JZ) presence of myometrial cysts, while TVU had a better agreement for globular shape. MRI showed a moderate-good reliability for measuring the JZ (ICC=0.57-0.82). For TVS, JZ was unmeasurable in > 50% of cases and the remaining cases had a low reliability (ICC=-0.31-0.08). We found that Inter-rater agreement for diagnosing adenomyosis was higher for TVS than for MRI, despite that MRI showed a higher inter-rater agreement in most specific features. Measurements of JZ in the coronal plane with 3D TVS were unreliable and thus unlikely to be useful for diagnosing adenomyosis.
Detection of a Hypercoagulable State in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer Using a Clot Waveform Analysis
Authors: Kobayashi Mayu , Wada Hideo , Fukui Shunsuke , Shimada Yasuaki , Nakazawa Yuuichi , Mizutani Hiroki , Ichikawa Yuhuko , Nishiura Yuuki , Moritani Isao , Yamanaka Yutaka , Inoue Hidekazu , Shimaoka Motomu , Shimpo Hideto , Shiraki Katsuya
Published: June 2023

Background: The patients with cancer, especially pancreas cancer, are frequently associated with thrombosis which is one of causes for poor outcome, and hypercoagulability exists in cancer patients. Hypercoagulability is considered to be caused by thrombin burst. Methods: Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), small amount of tissue factor induced FIX activation (sTF/FIXa) assays and thrombin time (TT) using clot waveform analysis (CWA) were performed in 138 patients with malignant neoplasm including pancreas cancer and 66 non-cancer patients. Results: Thrombosis was frequently associated in pancreas cancer and was observed in stage I. CWA-APTT showed that the peak times and heights were markedly long and heigh, respectively, in cancer patients, and the peak times were significantly longer in pancreas cancer patients than benign pancreas diseases, and the 1st DPH was significantly higher in pancreas cancers than other cancers or benign pancreas diseases. CWA-sTF/FIXa showed that the peak times and heights were longer and higher, respectively, in patients with cancer than those without cancers, and that the 1st DPH was significantly higher in pancreas cancers than in other cancers. CWA-TT showed that the peak times were significantly shorter in cancer patients than in healthy volunteers and that the peak heights were significantly higher in cancer than in benign pancreas diseases. Conclusions: Cancer patients including pancreas cancer were frequently associated with thrombosis due to hypercoagulability with thrombin burst detected by CWA.
Understanding the Changing Attitudes and Behaviours of Individuals in Cities During COVID 19 Pandemic Through Qualitative Research
Authors: Ghule Indrajeet
Published: June 2023

During the Covid 19 pandemic, we saw a huge impact on the lives of individuals in cities. The way people responded was controlled and limited. The lockdown restricted a lot of movements in the cities as well as contained the citizens in their houses. Through a semi-structured interview, the research aims to understand the change in behaviour and response of individuals across various cities. The paper aims to understand how people change their day-to-day life in cities during the pandemic and while the restrictions getting released post the first wave. The paper also understands how the pandemic impacted urban spaces and what value they hold for people. By interviewing individuals from different cities, the data were transcribed and analysed to understand this behavioural change and the attitude of people. The outcome of the research was derived as a concept map through the codes generated during the research.
Oral Mucosa in the Cancer Patient; Putting the Pieces Together. A Narrative Review and New Perspectives.
Authors: Reuss José Manuel , Alonso-Gamo Laura , Garcia-Aranda Mariola , Reuss Débora , Albi Manuel , Albi Beatriz , Vilaboa Débora , Vilaboa Beatriz
Published: June 2023

Oral mucosa is a key player in the cancer patient and during cancer treatment. The increasing prevalence of cancer and cancer therapy associated side effects are behind the major role that oral mucosa plays in the oncological patient. Oral mucositis is a debilitating severe complication caused by early toxicity of chemo and/or radiotherapy that can restrict treatment outcome possibilities, even challenging patient’s survival. It has been referred to as the most feared cancer treatment complication. Predictive variables as to who and to what extent will be affected are still unclear. Additionally, oral mucositis is one of the sources of the increasing economic burden of cancer, not only for patients and their families but also for institutions and governments. All efforts should be implemented in the search for new approaches to minimize the apparently ineluctable outburst of oral mucositis along the cancer treatment. New perspectives derived from different approaches in explaining the interrelation between oral mucositis and oral microbiome or the similarities with genitourinary mucosa may help elucidate the biomolecular pathways and mechanisms behind oral mucosa cancer-therapy related toxicity and what is more important its management in order to minimize treatment side effects and to provide enhanced cancer support.
Visual Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Treatment on Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Real-World Popula-Tion-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Korva-Gurung Ida , Kubin Anna-Maria , Ohtonen Pasi , Hautala Nina
Published: June 2023

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) leads to visual impairment if not treated timely. Intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs have revolutionized nAMD treatment in two decades. We evaluated visual outcomes of anti-VEGF treatment in nAMD.

A real-life population-based cohort study. Data included parameters for age, sex, age at the diagnosis, laterality, chronicity, symptoms, visual outcomes, lens status, and history of intravitreal injections.

A total of 1088 eyes (827 patients) with nAMD were included. Visual acuity was stable or improved in 984 eyes (90%) after an average 36±25 months follow-up. Bevacitzumab was the first-line drug in 1083 (99.5%) eyes. Vision improved ≥15 ETDRS letters in 377 (35%), > 5 ETDRS letters in 309 (28%) and was stable (±5 ETDRS letters) in 298 (27%) eyes after anti-VEGF treatment. The loss of 5-<15 ETDRS letters in 44 (4%) and ≥15 ETDRS letters in 60 (6%) eyes was noted. At the diagnosis of nAMD, 110 out of 827 patients (13%) fulfilled the criteria of visual impairment, whereas 179 patients (22%) were visually impaired after the follow-up.

Improvement or stabilization in vision was noted in 90% of the anti-VEGF-treated eyes with nAMD. In addition, anti-VEGF agents are crucial in diminishing nAMD-related visual impairment.
Reconstructing the Global Stress of Marine Structures Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhang Tao , Hu Jiajun , Oterkus Erkan , Oterkus Selda , Wang Xueliang , Jiang Zhentao , Chen Guocai
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes an AI-based approach to overcome the limitations of the SHM system in measuring global stress with limited sensors. Feature elements are selected based on correlation analysis among finite elements and used as stress-measured points. An ANN is used to establish the solution relationship between the feature and correlation elements. The proposed method is applied to the connector structure of an offshore platform, and an optimal ANN is established to optimize accuracy by considering factors like the number of sensors, neural network framework, and convergence criteria. The accuracy of the ANN is verified through a real-scale model test, demonstrating 93.6% accuracy. This technology represents a significant advancement, enhancing the practicality of the structural health monitoring (SHM) system from “point monitoring" to “field monitoring".
Reliability Testing of a Low-Cost Arduino-Based Multipurpose Data Logger Deployed in Several Applications Such as Outdoor Air Quality, Human Activity, Motion and Exhaust Gas Monitoring
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Erik , González Rivero Rosa Amalia , Schalm Olivier , Laguardia Martínez Alain , Hernández Santana Luis , Alejo Sánchez Daniellys , Janssens Tim , Jacobs Werner
Published: June 2023

This contribution shows the possibilities of a low-cost multipurpose data logger that was built around an Arduino Mega 2560 single board computer. To transform the Arduino Mega into such a data logger, a sensor shield was designed that contains an SD-card, real-time clock, and different kinds of connectors so that sensors can easily be attached to the device. The software considers a wide range of predefined sensors from which a user can choose. To assess the performance of such a device, short-term monitoring campaigns in relation to outdoor air quality, human activity in an office, motion of a journey on a bike, and exhaust gas monitoring of a diesel generator were realized. Besides the possibilities to apply the data logger in different kinds of applications, a method is proposed to assess the credibility of such a system. The assessment based on the various short-term campaigns showed that the system scores positively on most of the performance indicators, but that unexpected (black swan) events affect the assessment over the longer term. This makes the development of low-cost scientific instruments harder than expected. The stability and long-term performance of this type of design requires continuous evaluation and engineering correction.
A Micro-hotplate-based Oven-controlled System used to Improve the Frequency Stability of MEMS Resonators
Authors: Feng Tianren , Yu Duli , Wu Bo , Wang Hui
Published: June 2023

This paper introduces a chip-level oven-controlled system for improving the temperature stability of MEMS resonators. Wherein the resonator and the micro-hotplate are manufactured by MEMS technology, then wire-bounded in a package shell at the chip level. The proposed resonator is transduced by the AlN film, and its temperature is monitored by temperature-sensing resistors on both sides. The designed micro-hotplate is placed at the bottom of the resonator chip as a heater and insulated by airgel. The PID pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit controls the heater according to the temperature detection result to provide a constant temperature for the resonator. The proposed oven-controlled MEMS resonator (OCMR) exhibits a frequency drift of 3.5ppm in the range of -50°C to 125°C, and the method also can be applied to other MEMS devices that require temperature control.
Treatable Myopathies
Authors: Uy Genevieve Gucci Grace Capispisan , Rosales Raymond Lotilla , Khadilkar Satish
Published: June 2023

Myopathies are characterized by a diverse clinical picture affecting the skeletal muscle which includes weakness, fatigue and pain. Acquired myopathies are given importance because treatment is readily available however, some inherited myopathies can be treated as well. These myopathies can be grouped by etiology into infectious myopathies, autoimmune myopathies, granulomatous myopathies, metabolic myopathies, skeletal muscle channelopathies and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Infectious myopathies are caused by microbiological agents. Autoimmune myopathies result from immunologic disorders causing inflammatory changes in the muscle. Granulomatous myopathy is associated with non-caseating granulomatous inflammation. Metabolic myopathies are caused by abnormal metabolic processes in the myocytes. Drug-induced myopathies are acute or subacute onset of muscle weakness after intake of a certain medications even at therapeutic doses. Critical illness myopathy stem from sepsis syndrome with failure to wean from respirator. Rhabdomyolysis is an acute myopathy, which is an urgent complex condition that involves rapid dissolution of damaged skeletal muscle. Skeletal channel myopathies are due to dysfunctions in the ion channels of the muscle. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic condition characterized by mutations in the dystrophin gene, resulting in pathologic muscle wasting. Therapies abound in myopathies as these are targeted in Infectious, Granulomatous and Autoimmune Myositides. Included in treatable myopathies are certain metabolic myopathies, rhabdomyolysis, periodic paralysis, critical illness myopathy and drug-induced myopathies. Symptomatic therapies are applied in channelopathies of muscle and dystrophinopathies can be potentially treated nowadays. Complementary rehabilitation practices are part of the management regimen.
Применение акустико-вихревого метода для моделирования шума пропеллера мультикоптера
Authors: Аксенов Андрей Александрович , Aksenov Andrey Aleksandrovich , Тимушев Сергей Федорович , Timushev Sergei Fedorovich , Клименко Дмитрий Викторович , Klimenko Dmitrii Viktorovich , Федосеев Сергей Юрьевич , Fedoseev Sergei Yur'evich
Published: June 2023

За последние десять лет происходит резкое увеличение применения мультикоптеров для различных целей. Мультикоптеры стали чрезвычайно популярными и используются в областях от наблюдения за дорожной ситуацией или пожарной обстановкой до раздачи Интернета или прохладительных напитков. Бесшумность и
эффективность двигательной установки с винтовым движителем являются ключевыми аспектами при разработке современных беспилотных летательных аппаратов.
Развитие этой области авиатехники в условиях ужесточения норм по шуму невозможно без эффективных методов оптимизации, работающих совместно с системами автоматизированного проектирования. Такой вызов требует развития теоретических подходов о численном моделировании механизмов генерации звука винтами мультикоптеров и соответствующего программного обеспечения. В данной статье рассмотрено программное обеспечение, основанное на методе расчета генерации звука и излучения шума винтом дрона с учетом декомпозиции вихревой и акустической мод. Развитие этого метода позволяет учесть влияние неоднородности и
турбулентности потока, интерференции роторов, дифракции звука элементами
планера, импедансных характеристик покрытия корпуса и других факторов при
одновременном обеспечении точности и скорости вычислений.
Коллективные движения атомов в кристаллах
Authors: Негодин Владислав Дмитриевич , Negodin Vladislav Dmitrievich , Флейта Дмитрий Юрьевич , Fleita Dmitrii Yur'evich , Норман Генри Эдгарович , Norman Genri Edgarovich
Published: June 2023

Исследуются коллективные движения атомов в молекулярно-динамической модели
классического леннард-джонсовского монокристалла при нагреве до спинодального
распада и последующего охлаждения расплава до спонтанной кристаллизации. Обнаружен гистерезис степени коллективности движений атомов. Для изучения коллективности движения атомов в кристаллах применяется новый численный метод,
основанный на использовании четырeхточечного коррелятора. Этот коррелятор имеет смысл среднего косинуса угла между векторами смещений двух первоначально
близких атомов за время $\tau$. Обнаружены две особенности: (а) коррелятор возрастает при нагреве монокристалла; (б) коррелятор для поликристалла, образовавшегося
при кристаллизации, оказался выше, чем для исходного монокристалла. Построены
распределения значений коррелятора по углам между смещениями. Выделены два
вклада в движение атомов: анизотропный, не зависящий от температуры, и практически изотропный, распределение по углам которого имеет вид распределения
Больцмана. Вычислены энергии возбуждений, соответствующих второму вкладу.