bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypofractionated Postmastectomy Radiotherapy (HF-PMRT): What did We Learn from COVID-19 Era?
Authors: Salvestrini Viola , Becherini Carlotta , Visani Luca , Desideri Isacco , Morelli Ilaria , Scoccimarro Erika , Cerbai Cecilia , Bonaparte Ilaria , Bertini Niccolo , Bettazzi Beatrice , Scotti Vieri , Bernini Marco , Orzalesi Lorenzo , Nori Jacopo , Bianchi Simonetta , Francolini Giulio , Meattini Icro , Livi Lorenzo
Published: February 2023

Objectives: In breast cancer (BC) patients receiving mastectomy, postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) improves long-term outcomes by decreasing local failure and cancer mortality. However, the optimal PMRT schedule is still under investigation. The present review aims to discuss the evidence regarding hypofractionated (HF) PMRT in BC patients in order to identify the optimal treatment approach. Additional purpose is to highlight what we have learned from COVID-19 era regarding HF schedules for PMRT in BC patients. Mechanism: Between February and November 2021, literature and database research were conducted. Key references were detected from a PubMed query. Range of publication date was between 2000 and 2021. Selection criteria included English language publications in humans. Hand searching included meeting proceedings of the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). The website clinicaltrials.gov was also searched. Randomized controlled trials evaluating HF-PMRT were included. Findings in brief: Our research returned 87 published papers. Fourteen trials were included in our final analysis. The comparisons of several different schedules of HF-PMRT with conventional fractionated PMRT provided similar results in terms of locoregional disease control without increasing toxicity. Particularly, an acute skin toxicity incidence grade 2 or higher ranged between 10 and 25% among the studies we analyzed. Conclusions: The present paper suggests that safety and efficacy of HF-PMRT is comparable with conventional schedules and standard practice guidelines are already available. COVID-19 pandemic has emphasised the need for increasingly tailored treatment protocols. Modern HF regimens should continue to be the standard of treatment in BC patients who receive PMRT also in the post-COVID-19 era.
Influence of RRM, RGG and Potential Phosphorylated Sites in Cold-Inducible Protein RBM3 on its Subcellular Localization and Neuroprotective Effects
Authors: Wang Lei , Shao Tian-Ci , Wang Chun-Ying , Li Jing-Jing , Jian Shao-Qin , Wang Duo , Cheng Bin-Feng
Published: February 2023

Background: As a potent mediator of hypothermic neuroprotection, the cold-inducible protein RBM3 is characterized with one RNA-recognition motifs (RRM) and one arginine-glycine-rich (RGG) domain. It is known that these conserved domains are required for nuclear localization in some RNA-binding proteins. However, little is known about the actual role of RRM and RGG domains in subcellular localization of RBM3. Methods: To clarify it, various mutants of human Rbm3 gene were constructed. Plasmids were transfected into cells and the localization of RBM3 protein and its varias mutants in cells and role in neuroprotection. Results: In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, either a truncation of RRM domain (aa 1–86) or RGG domain (aa 87–157) led to an obvious cytoplasmic distribution, compared to a predominant nuclear localization of whole RBM3 protein (aa 1–157). In contrast, mutants in several potential phosphorylated sites of RBM3, including Ser102, Tyr129, Ser147, and Tyr155, did not alter the nuclear localization of RBM3. Similarly, mutants in two Di-RGG motif sites also did not affect the subcellular distribution of RBM3. Lastly, the role of Di-RGG motif in RGG domains was further investigated. The mutant of double arginines in either Di-RGG motif-1 (Arg87/90) or -2 (Arg99/105) exhibited a higher cytoplasmic localization, indicating that both Di-RGG motifs are required for nucleic localization of RBM3. Conclusions: Our data suggest that RRM and RGG domains are both required for the nuclear localization of RBM3, with two Di-RGG domain being crucial for nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of RBM3.
Up-Regulation of NLRP3 in the Sclera Correlates with Myopia Progression in a Form-Deprivation Myopia Mouse Model
Authors: Chen Zhengyu , Xiao Kang , Long Qin
Published: February 2023

Background: NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is a common inflammatory factor that induces inflammation by increasing the expression of related cytokines. Although the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in many ophthalmic diseases, its role in myopia is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between myopia progression and the NLRP3 pathway. Methods: A form-deprivation myopia (FDM) mouse model was used. Different degrees of myopic shift were achieved via monocular form deprivation with 0-, 2-, and 4-week covering, and by 4-week covering followed by 1-week uncovering (the blank, FDM2, FDM4, and FDM5 groups, respectively) in both wild-type and NLRP3 (-/-) C57BL/6J mice. Axial length and refractive power were measured to assess the specific degree of myopic shift. The protein levels of NLRP3 and of related cytokines in the sclera were evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Collagen I and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), which affect extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of the sclera, were also examined to clarify the possible underlying mechanism. Results: In wild-type mice, the FDM4 group had the most significant myopic shift. Both the increase in refractive power and the elongation in axial length were significantly different between the experimental and control eyes in the FDM2 group. The protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly up-regulated in the FDM4 group compared to the other groups. The myopic shift was reversed and there was less up-regulation of cytokines in the FDM5 group compared to the FDM4 group. MMP-2 expression showed similar trends to NLRP3, while collagen I expression was inversely correlated. Similar results were found in NLRP3 -/- mice, although there was less myopic shift and less obvious changes in cytokine expression in the treatment groups as compared to the wild-type mice. In the blank group, no significant differences were found in refraction and axial length between wild-type mice and NLRP3 -/- mice of the same age. Conclusions: NLRP3 activation in the sclera could be involved in myopia progression in the FDM mouse model. Activation of the NLRP3 pathway up-regulated MMP-2 expression, which in turn affected collagen I and caused scleral ECM remodeling, eventually affecting myopic shift.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Special Populations
Authors: Ahmad Khansa , Mentias Amgad , Imran Hafiz , Elbadawi Ayman , Hyder Omar , Gordon Paul , Sharaf Barry , Saad Marwan
Published: February 2023

Since its food and drug administration (FDA) approval in 2011, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has revolutionized the highly prevalent disease of aortic stenosis. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the data and considerations for utilization of TAVR in special populations who were either excluded from or not adequately represented in the seminal TAVR trials, due to high-risk valvular and/or systemic factors. These include nonagenarians, patients with renal dysfunction, chronic thrombocytopenia, bicuspid aortic valve, rheumatic valve disease, patients with failed aortic valve bioprosthesis requiring valve-in-valve intervention and patients with mixed aortic valve disease. In short, TAVR is a feasible therapeutic strategy in high-risk and special populations with mortality benefit and improvement in quality of life. Randomized controlled trials in high-risk populations are recommended to confirm results from observational studies.
Features of Atrial Fibrillation Pathogenesis and Prognosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hazarapetyan Lusine G. , Zelveian Parounak H. , Grigoryan Svetlana V.
Published: February 2023

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is observed in arterial hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and pulmonary pathology, particularly, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD in turn is a risk factor for developing these cardiovascular diseases and various arrhythmias. In the coronavirus disease (COVID) situation, such comorbid patients are the most vulnerable group with a high risk of adverse outcomes. The relevance of the relationship between COPD and coronavirus infection is explained by the similarity of clinical and pathophysiological manifestations, creating more difficulties in diagnosing and determining rational treatment. The aim of the current study is to explore the role COPD plays in the onset and progression of AF, especially in the situation of COVID-19. Methods: We searched PubMed databases and included studies with information on comorbid patients suffering from COPD and AF, as well as similar patients in the context of COVID-19. Results: A modern view on the problem of comorbidity of COPD and AF is presented. In the presence of cardiorespiratory comorbidity, symptoms of mutual worsening of the clinical course are observed, due to the commonality of some links of pathogenesis, including hypoxia, hemodynamic disturbances, activation of the sympathoadrenal system, systemic inflammation, and development of fibrosis, leading to myocardial remodeling, a decrease in the effectiveness of the therapy, and a worsening prognosis, especially in the context of COVID-19. Conclusions: The results of a study of the features of the pathogenesis and course of AF in COPD are presented, as well as the formation and progression of this comorbid pathology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Management in the Era of COVID-19: A Systematic and Critical Review of Published Guidance Reports
Authors: Kyriakoulis Konstantinos G , Trontzas Ioannis P , Kyriakoulis Ioannis G , Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Papageorgiou Nikolaos-Georgios , Fyta Eleni , Kotteas Elias , Kollias Anastasios
Published: February 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a major impact on healthcare systems worldwide. During the early phase of the pandemic many elective procedures were postponed. At the same time, the safe and effective management of medical emergencies such as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has been a challenge. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted aiming to identify published guidance reports by national or international societies regarding the management of patients suffering STEMI in the era of COVID-19. Results: Among 1681 articles initially retrieved, six fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Two reports were international consensus documents, while four reports were national guidance statements from Asian countries (Taiwan, India, Iran, and China). Most documents were drafted during the early phase of the pandemic. According to the international consensus documents, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) should be regarded as the reperfusion method of choice. On the other hand, in three out of four national consensus statements (Taiwan, Iran and China) fibrinolysis was considered as the reperfusion method of choice for STEMI in suspected/confirmed patients with COVID-19, unless contraindicated or in the presence of high cardiovascular risk clinical features. Authors of all documents underlined the need for early COVID-19 testing in patients with STEMI to better determine the next therapeutical steps. Conclusions: National and international consensus statements for STEMI management in the era of COVID-19 have been published mainly during the early peak phase of the pandemic. Authors recognise that these recommendations are mainly based on expert opinions and observational data. As global immunization rates increase and methods for rapid COVID-19 detection are widely available, the implementation of traditional evidence-based practices used before the pandemic is becoming more feasible.
Association of Plasma Myeloperoxidase with Inflammation and Diabetic status in HFpEF
Authors: Lejeune Sibille , Ginion Audrey , Menghoum Nassiba , Vancraeynest David , Pasquet Agnes , Gerber Bernhard L. , Horman Sandrine , Beauloye Christophe , Pouleur Anne-Catherine
Published: February 2023

Background: Inflammation and oxidative stress are thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) through the development of endothelial dysfunction. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) functions as a link between oxidative stress and inflammation and is an interesting therapeutic target. The objective of this observational cohort study was to compare MPO levels between HFpEF and old controls, to define clinical characteristics associated with high levels of MPO and to assess the relation between MPO levels and vascular function. Methods: Patients with HFpEF (N = 55) and controls >60 years (N = 18) were prospectively included. All subjects underwent complete echocardiography and blood sampling. MPO levels were dosed by ELISA assay. Effective arterial elastance (Ea) and peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT reactive hyperemia index RHI and augmentation index AIx) were used to assess vascular function. Characteristics between groups defined by the median of MPO were compared using independent samples t-test or chi square test. Results: Patients with HFpEF (80 ± 8.7 years, 65% female) had higher levels of MPO compared to controls (75 ± 5.0 years, 72% female) (34.7 ng/mL [22.7; 44.0] vs 22.6 [18.2; 32.0], p = 0.026). MPO levels were correlated with markers of inflammation; C-reactive protein (Pearson’s R = 0.46, p = 0.001) and neutrophile to lymphocyte ratio (R = 0.36, p = 0.031) and with signs of left ventricular (LV) remodelling and elevated filling pressures, namely NT-proBNP levels (R = 0.32, p = 0.019), decreased LV ejection fraction (LVEF, R = –0.36, p = 0.008) and E/e’ ratio (R = 0.35, p = 0.011). HFpEF patients with levels of MPO above the median were more often men (48% vs 21%, p = 0.037) and suffered more often from diabetes (48% vs 18%, p = 0.017). Intriguingly, they had lower indices of vascular stiffness (augmentation index 11.1 [0.1; 30.7] vs 19.9 [10.5; 33.4], p = 0.018 and arterial elastance Ea 2.06 ± 0.676 vs 2.43 ± 0.721, p = 0.065) and there was no difference in endothelial function (1.82 [1.34; 2.30] vs 1.66 [1.32; 1.95], p = 0.55). Conclusions: HFpEF patients have higher levels of MPO than controls, reflecting leukocyte activation and oxidative stress. Among patients, high levels of MPO are associated with male sex, diabetic status, subtle left ventricular dysfunction and pronounced diastolic dysfunction. The association between oxidative stress and vascular stiffness, on the other hand could not be demonstrated. Clinical Trial Registration: Clinical trial NCT03197350.
Timing of Complete Revascularization in Patients with STEMI and Multivessel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Panuccio Giuseppe , Salerno Nadia , De Rosa Salvatore , Torella Daniele
Published: February 2023

Background: About half of patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) have multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD). Our aim was to provide a quantitative comparison of single-stage complete revascularization during the index revascularization versus deferred staged complete revascularization in STEMI patients with MVD. Methods: All studies evaluating patients with STEMI and MVD were included. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization. Secondary endpoints were cardiovascular death, acute kidney injury and trial defined major bleeding. Results: Eight studies and 2256 patients with STEMI and MVD were included. No difference was evident in the rate of the primary composite endpoint among the study group (Risk Ratio 0.95; 95% CI 0.71–1.27, p = 0.74), while meta-regression showed a significant interaction with drug eluting stent (DES) use (Coefficient –0.005; 95% CI –0.01 to –0.001; p = 0.007). Higher rates of cardiovascular (CV) death were found in the immediate complete revascularization group (5.0% vs 2.6%; Risk Ratio 0.39; 95% CI 0.25–0.62; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Our analysis documented similar clinical outcomes with either single-stage immediate complete revascularization and delayed staged complete revascularization. Secondary analyses suggest that an increase in cardiovascular death might be expected with single-stage percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While new randomized trials on the topic are ongoing, revascularization can be personalized and guided by the acute clinical setting, patients’-related factors and workflow logistics.
Triangular functions in solving Weakly Singular Volterra integral equations
Authors: NOSRATİ Monireh , AFSHARİ Hojjat
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we propose the triangular orthogonal functions as a basis functions

for solution of weakly singular Volterra integral equations of the second

kind. Powerful properties of these functions and some operational matrices

are utilized in a direct method to reduce singular integral equation to

some algebraic equations. The presented method does not need any integration

for obtaining the constant coefficients. The method is computationally

attractive, and applications are demonstrated through illustrative examples.
MEWUJUDKAN KEAMANAN INSANI DARI ANCAMAN NON-TRADISIONAL: PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI PASAR MINGGU DESA KOTA TENGAH
Authors: Luerdi Luerdi
Published: February 2023

Luerdi, L., et al. (2020). MEWUJUDKAN KEAMANAN INSANI DARI ANCAMAN NON TRADISIONAL: PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI PASAR MINGGU DESA KOTA TENGAH. ----- Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mewujudkan keamanan insani dari ancaman pandemi COVID-19 dengan cara melakukan upaya pencegahan penyebaran di Pasar Minggu Desa Kota Tengah Kecamatan Kepenuhan Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Literasi masyarakat yang rendah tentang COVID-19 dan keterbatasan sarana pencegahan COVID-19 di lingkungan Pasar Minggu menjadi alasan utama kegiatan ini. Kegiatan ini dilaksankan selama kurang lebih dua minggu dalam bentuk sosialisasi dan penyediaan sarana. Pengabdian ini memiliki beberapa rencana kerja seperti pemberian informasi tentang bahaya dan ancaman COVID-19, pemasangan spanduk ajakan penerapan protokol kesehatan dan pembuatan tempat pencuci tangan. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat membantu pemutusan penyebaran COVID-19 di daerah khususnya di Desa Kota Tengah.
Asuhan Keperawatan Jiwa Tn. A Dengan Masalah Risiko Perilaku Kekerasan Di Sorik Merapi: Studi Kasus
Authors: Sitompul Novia Tresia
Published: February 2023

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that can end in loss of a person's life. Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling disorder of the brain characterized by disorganized thoughts, delusions, delusions, hallucinations, and strange or catatonic behavior. Violent behavior is a response to stressors faced by a person, this response can cause harm to oneself, others, and the environment. The purpose of this writing is to provide Mental Nursing Care to Mr. A Rsj Prof .Dr. M. Ildrem Medan this writing method is a case study by carrying out nursing care to Mr. A with a problem of risk of violent behavior with an implementation strategy (SP). Treatment was carried out for 6 days on Mr. A. Data collection techniques were carried out using interview techniques, observation and physical examination. The nursing problem found in Mr. A is the Risk of Violent Behavior. With management for 6 days, Mr. A can overcome the risk of violent behavior with physical exercises Inhale in hitting pillows, taking medicine, verbal/assertive and spiritual communication. Suggestions in the management of patients at risk of violent behavior are expected that with this study medical staff can build mutual relationships trust with the client so that good communication can appear and the client can express his problem so that the nursing process is achieved, the role of the family is to visit the client and take care of the client.
Chinese Postman Problem Handout
Authors: Ali Zaahir
Published: February 2023

This was a handout given out at my talk about graph theory (where I covered basic graph theory, such as Ramsey theory), as an extension worksheet. It outlines a popular puzzle known as the Chinese Postman Problem, along with extension questions.
Organizational Conflicts Effected in Enterprises and Small Industries
Authors: Philips Michelle , Lafford Robert
Published: February 2023

Organizational Conflicts Effected in Enterprises and Small Industries
Differential expression of KIRREL2 in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding kin of IRRE-like 2, KIRREL2, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. KIRREL2 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of KIRREL2 in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. KIRREL2 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
Toward a genetics of cancer resistance
Authors: Abbas Asad
Published: February 2023

Toward a genetics of cancer resistance
Differential expression of CENPF in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding centromere protein F, CENPF, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. CENPF mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of CENPF in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. CENPF expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
Differential expression of DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding DNA topoisomerase II alpha, TOP2A, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. TOP2A mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of TOP2A in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. These data portend to a role for anthracyclines in chemotherapeutic management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (5, 6).
Geometric optical knot in (3+1)-dimensional curved space-time
Authors: Hadi Miftachul
Published: February 2023

We propose that the geometric optical knot could exist in (3+1)-dimensional curved space-time.
An Updated Parametrization of Algorithms to Retrieve the Diffuse Attenuation of Light in the Ocean from Remote Sensing and its Impact on Estimates of Net Primary Productivity
Authors: Begouen Demeaux Charlotte , Boss Emmanuel , Westberry Toby
Published: February 2023

We recently found a significant bias while validating frequently used ocean color algorithms retrieving the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd(λ))(Begouen and Boss, 2022). Here we modify existing algorithms for Kd(λ) to remove the observed bias at Kd(490), and evaluate the impact on global and regional estimates of net primary production (NPP) using two different primary production models. The new parametrization results in improved retrievals of Kd(490) by all algorithms. The new coefficients are validated using measurements not included in the training dataset and are found to perform significantly better at a different wavelength (412nm) than the one used for the new parametrization (490nm) and perform reasonably well in Case-2 waters. Since the new coefficients were developed with a dataset encompassing larger proportions of the ocean’s variability, they are better suited to compute Kd(λ) in regions that weren’t present in the original algorithm’s dataset and are therefore appropriate for global Kd(λ) estimation. Using the new Kd parameterization results in a global increase of NPP of ≈ 25 − 30%, mostly driven by the previous overestimation of Kd(λ) (underestimation of light penetration) in the clear, subtropical gyres. Subtropical gyres show the largest increase (70%) in the VGPM model. Their large surface area and the magnitude of the bias in Kd(λ) in the old parameterization causes the observed difference in global NPP estimates. Our results suggest that the oceanic carbon uptake is larger than previously thought, which will be most relevant to the oceanic carbon dioxide budget once humanity slows the increase of atmospheric CO2.
Gas - escape features along the Trzebiatów Fault offshore Poland: evidence for a leaking petroleum system
Authors: Nguyen Quang , Malinowski Michal , Kramarska Regina , Kaulbarsz Dorota , Mil Leslaw , Hübscher Christian
Published: February 2023

New 2D high resolution seismic and hydro-acoustic data demonstrate the presence of methane in the shallow sediments and its origin in the Pomeranian Bight, southern of the Baltic Sea area. Various shallow gas features were identified in the Gryfice block, along the inverted Trzebiatów fault zone, including chimneys, bright spots, acoustic blanking, pockmarks, and polarity reversal. Structural and stratigraphic interpretation with support of seismic attributes was carried out to show the potential of fluid migration pathways from the Upper Triassic formation reservoirs to shallow sediments below seabed and helps in explanation of how this natural gas escapes to the sea bottom. Amplitude-vs-offset (AVO) analysis verified remnants of free gas existence in the Upper Triassic potential reservoir and helped locating free gas deposits within sediments. Hydro-acoustic data illustrated the gas chimneys’ anomalies and corresponding free gas accumulation in Pleistocene to Quaternary successions. Leaking of gas to sea surface was also proved by exposure of pockmarks on multibeam (bathymetry) data. We combine seismic, hydro-acoustic data and information on petroleum system from previous studies to explain signatures of free gas and its migration from lower reservoirs to shallow sediments.
Associations Between Sleep Quality and Irritability: Testing the Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation
Authors: Whiting Claire , Bellaert Nellia , Deveney Christen , Tseng Wan-Ling
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Irritability and sleep problems are common symptoms that span a range of internalizing and externalizing mental health disorders. While poor sleep has been associated with symptoms related to irritability (e.g., anxiety and depression), few studies have directly tested the association between sleep quality and irritability and whether the association is direct or mediated by a separate mechanism. Method: The present study used self-report measures to test whether sleep is associated with trait irritability in 458 adults aged 19–74 years (58% female; 79% White), and whether this association is mediated by emotion regulation. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out to support the use of scores from these measures. Results: Controlling for anxiety and depression symptoms, results showed a direct association between poorer sleep quality and increased irritability (β = .25, p < .001) that was not mediated by emotion regulation. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the important link between sleep and irritability, both of which are common features of mental health difficulties, prompting further inquiry into the directionality of the findings and potential mediators. This work has notable clinical implications for sleep as a possible intervention target for individuals with high irritability.
Pro-religion attitude predicts lower vaccination coverage at country level
Authors: Mao Zhe-Fei , Li Qiwei , 王伊明  , Zhou Jie
Published: February 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need to address vaccine coverage inequality. Despite calls from scientists and national organizations, progress in ensuring equitable access to vaccines has been slow. This study aims to reveal the COVID-19 vaccine coverage inequality and investigate the predictive effect of attitudes toward science and religion on real-word vaccination uptake. We draw on three high-quality, large-scale databases to unveil real-world vaccine coverage, which stood at an average of 53% of the population by mid-2022. The vaccination rate varies based on a country's income, with higher-income nations having higher vaccination rates and faster vaccination speed. Regression models and a multiverse analysis reveal that both country-level attitudes towards science and religion, as well as religious faith, are linked to vaccination rate at the country level. Countries where a higher proportion of the population prioritize religious beliefs over scientific evidence when the two come into conflict tend to have lower vaccination coverage rates and slower vaccination speeds. These findings suggest that scientists and policymakers must take into account social and cultural characteristics of populations when addressing vaccine inequality.
The Odds Tell Children What People Favor
Authors: Doan Tiffany , Stonehouse Emily , Denison Stephanie , Friedman Ori
Published: February 2023

In pursuing goals, people seek favorable odds. We investigated whether young children use this fact to infer goals from people’s actions across two experiments on Canadian 3-7-year-olds (total N = 316, 167 girls and 149 boys). Participants’ demographic information was not formally collected, but the region is predominantly middle-class and White. In Experiment 1, 3-year-olds saw a story where one agent went to a gumball machine with mostly red gumballs and another agent went to a machine with mostly purple ones. When asked which agent wanted a red gumball, children mostly selected the agent who chose the mostly-red machine. Moreover, children responded at chance in a control condition where they judged which agent knew they would get a red gumball. In Experiment 2a, 3-7-year-olds saw a story where an agent either chose between two gumball machines or two open bowls of gumballs. In both conditions, the agent chose a location with mostly red gumballs over one with mostly blue gumballs, but ended up with a blue gumball. Children were more likely to infer the agent had wanted a red gumball when the agent had made a probabilistic choice (machines) than a determinative choice (bowls), though inferences that the red gumball was preferred also increased with age. In Experiment 2b, a preregistered follow-up, American adults responded similarly to the older children. Together our findings suggest that children infer goals by drawing on the understanding that people seek favorable odds, though the clearest findings come from children aged 6 years and older.
Reporting on scientific studies in newspaper articles on COVID-19 in Italy and the US: missing citations and information bubbles
Authors: Palatta Francesca , Macedo Arthur Cassa , Marcacci Flavia , Martinisi Alessandro , de Freitas Pereira Angelo Durço Daniella , Neto Roberto Calheiros Barros , Ghezzi Pietro
Published: February 2023

Newspapers are a major source of health information, including on COVID-19. Many news articles are based on press releases describing research published in scientific journals. We studied a sample of articles in US and Italian newspapers for their mention of non-pharmacological interventions (face masks and lockdown) and pharmacological ones, both effective and ineffective (convalescent plasma, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, vaccines and vitamin D), and whether these were mentioned in a favorable or unfavorable way. We checked for the presence or absence of explicit mentions or links of the primary source of scientific information. Finally, we analyzed whether there was a trend to form “information bubbles” where some opinions around different treatments cluster together.Of 480,819 news in the USA and 767,172 in Italy, vaccines, face masks and lockdown were the most mentioned interventions. Of the pharmacological interventions other than vaccines, ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine were more frequently mentioned in the USA than in Italy (5- and 6-fold, respectively) although, when analyzing a sample of 210 news returned from a search on COVID-19 mentioning a research publication, articles from the USA were less favorable than those in Italy. We also found that the frequency of articles with a negative stance on vaccines was very small, indicating that the main newspapers do not contribute significantly to vaccine hesitancy. There was also evidence of information bubbles, where articles with a favorable or unfavorable view of a non-approved drug had the same stance on other non-approved treatments.Of the 210 news articles analyzed, half specifically mentioned a scientific publication. However, a link (or a complete citation) to the original source was provided in only 16% of Italian newspapers as opposed to 58% of those in the USA. The results highlight the fact that often news stories do not cite the scientific article they are reporting on, thus allowing the reader to verify the original source. This weakness in the citation behavior is particularly evident in Italian newspapers. This study suggests that linking to the original research article, rather than basing the news story on a press release, would improve the trustworthiness of the news and the critical thinking in the reader.
Attraction behind “Beauty” Revealing Gay Men’s Self-Presentation on a Dating App with Computer Vision
Authors: Fan Jia , Chen Yan Ming , Zhang Lun , Wu Ye , Liu Xiao Fan
Published: February 2023

Profile photos, which are fundamental constructs of online self-presentation, are crucial to building successful online relationships. The visual cues embodied in profile photos are factors that help initiate socialization on visual-based gay dating platforms. This study applies app crawler techniques to collect publicly disclosed profile photos from Finka, a Chinese gay men’s dating app, and uses computer vision artificial intelligence applications to analyze the visual cues from the photos. The results show that appealing faces are relevant factors of user popularity, seemingly confirming the existence of the gay male beauty myth in the dating community. Photos that expose bodies are also popular, although most profile photos have low body visibility, which may be rooted in gay men’s culture in China. Extending existing research, we incorporate the background scene as another theoretical dimension of visual cues. Interestingly, we find an ambiance effect in profile photos—showing background scenes can serve as a self-presentation tactic that potentially influences users’ popularity. In particular, private scenes (e.g., locker room and bedroom scenes) can arouse more desire for further interaction with the presenter.
जगदम्बिकावैभवमहाकाव्ये द्वन्द्वविधानम {Conflict Legislation in Jagdambikavaibhav}
Authors: प्रकाशपौडेलः Prakash Paudel
Published: February 2023

प्रस्तुतो लेखः नेपालस्य लुम्बिनीप्रदेशान्तर्गते गुल्मीमण्डले जातेन ‘भीमकान्तपन्थी’ इति नामकेन महाकविना विरचिते ‘जगदम्बिकावैभवम्’ महाकाव्ये द्वन्द्वविधानस्य गवेषणे केन्द्रितो वर्तते । वि. सं. २०४७ तमे वर्षे विरचितं प्रथमवारं वि. सं. २०५५ तमे वर्षे प्रकाशितं पौराणिकीं कथां गृहीत्वा रचितं महाकाव्यमिदं तन्निरूपणे उल्लेखनीयं वर्तते । अत्र तस्यैव महाकाव्यस्य परिचयेन सह गवेषणीयविषयत्वेन जगदम्बिकावैभवकाव्ये द्वन्द्वविधानं कीदृशम् ? इति समस्यामुपस्थाप्य प्रस्तुते महाकाव्ये तदन्वेषणमुद्देश्यरूपेण स्थापितं विद्यते । तस्मिन्नेव व्रmमे प्रस्तुते महाकाव्ये निरूपितमान्तरिकं बाह्यञ्च द्वन्द्वं विस्तरेण विवेचितं वर्तते । अध्ययनमिदं गुणात्मकं किल । अतोऽत्र पुस्तकालयीयया पद्धत्या सामग्रीणां सङ्कलनं विधाय निगमनात्मकेन विधिनाध्ययनं कृतं विद्यते । विषयस्य विश्लेषणे सैद्धान्तिकाधारतया पाश्चाŒयो द्वन्द्वसिद्धान्तो गृहीतोऽस्ति ।  गदम्बिकावैभवमहाकाव्ये प्रस्तुतं पात्रगतमान्तरिकं बाह्यमपि द्वन्द्वं समीक्ष्य तयोः काव्यस्य प्रधानफलसिद्धौ, रसाभिव्यक्तौ, कार्यावस्थायाः निर्वहणे, कथायां रोमाञ्चकतासिद्धये च साहाøयं विस्तरेण प्रदर्शितं वर्तते । कथायां कौतुकवृद्धये रोमाञ्चकतासिद्धये च सफलेन द्वन्द्वेन युक्तं महाकाव्यमिदं द्वन्द्वविधानस्य दृष्ट्या विशिष्टं वर्तते इति निष्कर्षः स्थापितो विद्यते । जगदम्बिकावैभवे द्वन्द्वविधानसम्बद्धायाः जिज्ञासायाः समाधानाय प्रकृतमध्ययनं प्राधान्येन उपयोगि वर्तते तथैव च भविष्यति काव्यान्तरेषु एतत्प्रकारकान्वेषणाय एवमेव पक्षान्तरमाश्रित्य प्रकृतमहाकाव्यस्य समीक्षणाय च सहायकं भवितुं शक्नोति ।
Parallels and Disparities in Nātyaśāstra and Poetics
Authors: Kandel Churamoni
Published: February 2023

This paper interprets the parallels and disparities in Nātyaśāstra and Poetics. The former treatise of drama is set by Bharatmuni from the East; the latter by Aristotle from the West. Hence, these dramaturgies form the bases for the eastern and western plays, respectively. Despite the time and spatial differences between the two, they contain similarities as well as differences. They share the common dramatic elements like gestures, dance and music; rhythm, poet and mimesis; plot, sub-plot and supernatural elements; art and imitation; rasa (evocation of emotion) and catharsis. Likewise, they contain the elements of disparities like language-style differences, semiotic and semantics, abhinaya (acting) and art, the absence of tragedy in the former, Rasa to the former and plot and character to the latter. This researcher explores how these elements of parallels and disparities in the two theories of dramas fit to the eastern and western plays, despite their spatial and temporal gaps. This research is exploratory and explanatory.
सलिजो उपन्यासमा नारीसमलिङ्गता {Lesbians in Salijo}
Authors: पौड्याल Paudyal एकनारायण Ek Narayan
Published: February 2023

मोहनराज शर्माद्वारा लिखित सलिजो नारीसमलिङ्गीका समस्यामा आधारित उपन्यास हो । नारीसमलिङ्गी भन्नाले शारीरिक वा मानसिक रूपले महिलासँग नै आकर्षित हुने महिला भन्ने बुझिन्छ । समलिङ्गी महिलालाई साहित्यकासन्दर्भमा नारीसमलिङ्गी भनिन्छ । यस लेखमा उपन्यासमा चित्रित समलिङ्गी महिलाका समस्याका बारेमा अध्ययन गरिएको छ । समाजमा कतिपय व्यक्ति जन्मदाको पहिचान अर्थात् जैविक अवस्थिति एउटा हुँदाहुँदै पनि उसको मनोरचनामा भिन्नता देखिई स्त्री वा पुरुष समलिङ्गी हुने स्थितिमा नारीले समलिङ्गता स्वीकार गर्दा उनीहरूले भोग्नुपर्ने सामाजिक समस्या के हो भन्ने देखाउनु यस लेखको मूल प्राज्ञिक समस्या रहेको छ र यस समस्याको समाधान खोज्नु नै अध्ययनको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । प्रस्तुत उद्देश्य प्राप्तिका लागि प्राथमिक तथा द्वितीयक सामग्री प्रयोग गरी नारीसमलिङ्गी समालोचनाका मान्यतालाई आधार बनाएर विश्लेषणात्मक विधिका आधारमा अध्ययन गरिएको छ । अध्ययनका क्रममा हाम्रो समाजमा समलिङ्गता भएका महिलालाई हेर्ने दृष्टिकोण र उनीहरूप्रति गर्ने व्यवहार असमान मात्र नभई अमानवीय समेत रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । अन्त्यमा प्रस्तुुत उपन्यास नारीसमलिङ्गी चेतनाका दृष्टिले सफल रहेको बताइएको छ ।
‘धन–महिमा’ कवितामा प्रस्तुत वैदिक दर्शन {Vedic Philosophies in ‘Dhan-Mahima’}
Authors: ढकाल  Dhakal बोधराज Bodha Raj
Published: February 2023

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा लेखनाथ पौड्यालको ‘धन–महिमा’ कवितामा प्रस्तुत वैदिक दर्शनका मूलभूत मान्यताहरूको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । धनलाई सर्वस्व ठानेर यसकोे पछि लागी धन थुपारेर मानिसलाई पारमार्थिकसरख नमिल्ने, जगत्को हितमा उपयोग गर्नुपर्ने धनप्रति मानिस आसक्त भई लागेर मोक्ष मार्गमा पुग्न नसकिने, प्रवृत्त मार्गमा लागेर बन्धन तथा दुःखमा मात्र पाइने, पारमार्थिक सुख नमिल्ने कर्म शुभकर्म नहुने, जति धन भए पनि सन्तुष्टि नहुने र अज्ञानताका कारण मानिस निवृत्तिमार्गमा नभई प्रवृत्तिमार्गमा लागेका जस्ता विषयहरू वैदिक दर्शनका मान्यतामा आधारित देखिन्छन् । कवितामा धनको महिमा गायन गरिए पनि अन्तर्यमा धैर्य गर्नुपर्ने, पारमार्थिक सत्य र सुखको खोजीमा लाग्नुपर्नेजस्ता वैदिक षड्दर्शनका विचारहरू कवितामा व्यक्त भएका छन् । सामग्री सङ्कलनमा पुस्तकालय विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको यस लेखमा प्राथमिक स्रोत सामग्रीको रूपमा ‘लालित्य भाग १’ कविता सङ्ग्रहमा सङ्गृहीत ‘धन–महिमा’ कविता र द्वितीय स्रोतका रूपमा वैदिक दर्शनसँग सम्बन्धित ग्रन्थहरू, समालोचनात्मक कृतिहरू, लेखहरू तथा अनुसन्धनात्मक लेखहरूलाई लिइएको छ । यहाँ वैदिक षड्दर्शनहरू (साङ्ख्य, योग, न्याय, वैशेषिक, मीमांसा र वेदान्त दर्शन)का लोभ, मोह, दुःख, मोक्ष, निवृत्तिमार्ग, अविद्या, माया, बन्धनका सम्बन्धमा रहेका मान्यताहरूलाई आधार मानेर कविताशंहरूलाई दृष्टान्त दिएर पाठपरक विधिमार्फत विश्लेषण गरिएको छ ।
Outcome of Depressed Cranial Fracture: A single centre Experience of 490 Cases with short literature Review
Authors: Karki Mohan , Roka Yam Bahadur
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Depressed cranial fractures (DCFs) are one of the serious head injuries where road traffic accident (RTA) is the most common cause. So, we have assessed the outcome in surgically managed cases of depressed cranial fracture following head injury and study the factors which may affect the surgical outcome of patients.
Materials and methods: A retrospective assessment of 490 consecutive cases was undertaken who went surgery for depressed cranial fracture (DCF) in Department of Neurosurgery, Neuro-Cardio and Multispecialty Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal, from January 2011 to December 2021. All age groups (except< 1 year) were included in this study and diagnosis confirmed by CT scan of brain with bone window. Outcome was assessed by Glasgow outcome scale.
Results: The incidence of depressed cranial fracture was highest in road traffic accident (RTA) and in the age group of 20-40 years. There was predominance of male over female with ratio 5.53:1. There was a significant correlation between age, mode of injury, fracture site, GCS at admission and intracranial bleed with outcome. Similarly, the complications such as CSF leakage, seizure were significant association with outcome. Of all 490 cases, most of them were operated within 5 hour with overall mortality rate of 0.40%.
Conclusions: Our study concluded that patient who underwent surgery for DCFs, with GCS >13 at the time of admission, age <40 year and no hospital delay (<5hour) had better outcomes. Incidence of RTAs was noted comparatively higher rate in age 20-40 year, which can help us to find out best strategic management option.
Clinical and Radiological Profile and Early Outcome of Skull Base Surgeries in a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Kafle Prakash , Yadav Dipak Kumar , Khanal Babita , Joshi Narendra Prasad , Sharma Mohan Raj
Published: February 2023

Background: Surgery of the skull base is challenging due to its complex anatomy and relative inaccessibility. Surgical anatomy and approaches to the cranial base have been well described in the neurosurgical literature.

Method: This is an analytical observational study consecutively treated from November 2019 to October 2021 at Nobel medical college teaching hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. Clinical, radiological, intraoperative ad outcome data were retrieved through the chart review and prospectively collected computer database of the neurosurgery department. The outcome was accessed using mRS. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25th version. Mean, median, percentage were analyzed.  Chi-squared test was used to find out association between two populations for categorical variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze preoperative selected variables and outcome.  Outcome was assessed at discharge and in six months.

Results: A total of 61 cases were included in the study. There was a female preponderance in 73.8%.  The mean age of the study population was 48.5 years. Headache was the most common presenting feature (45.9%) followed by loss of consciousness (21.3%). In the present study, 33(54%) had aneurysms, and 25(40.9%) had brain tumors. The most common approach was anterolateral 67.2% The most common complication observed was hydrocephalus (8.1%).  The median duration of hospital stay was 12 days. The obese patients had significantly longer hospital stays (15 days). At discharge, a favorable outcome (mRS grade ≤ 2) was observed in 83.6%. The preoperative Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was significantly associated with the outcome.

Conclusion: Proper pre-operative evaluation and selection of appropriate approaches for the particular patients are key to achieving a good outcome in skull base surgery. The outcome is directly related to preoperative GCS and obese patients tend to have a longer hospital stay.
ПРИЙНЯТТЯ ЕФЕКТИВНИХ ГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ В СУЧАСНИХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ РЕАЛІЯХ
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Tabachkova Nataliia , Sevrukov Vsevolod ,   Donetsk National Technical University
Published: February 2023

Objective is to substantiate the theoretical foundations and practical conditions for the implementation of the processes of taking efficient business decisions at the present stage of economic development of the country as a subject of global relations. Analysis of the factors of competitive capacity of the economy of the country and the substantiation, on this basis, of the necessity of taking efficient state decisions is based on the methods of theoretical generalization and comparisons. Investigation of the dynamics of indicators that characterize changes in the volume of industrial production, as well as factors that form the identified trends, is carried out using dialectic methods of analysis and synthesis. The main problems were identified and the theoretical results of the latest research in the sphere of acceptance of state decisions were analyzed; the necessity of further development of the methodology of effective state decisions acceptance was substantiated according to the conditions of the external and internal environment that constantly changes. Peculiarities of formation of indicators of efficiency and quality of acceptance of state decisions and their results in the conditions of functioning of different economic systems were determined. The market transformations and related peculiarities of economic development in Ukraine were characterized. The necessity of realization of the industrial policy in the country and its regions was explained. The necessity of the military-industrial complex (MIC) is substantiated, taking into account the current challenges related to the military aggression of Russia. The experience of functioning of the defense system of Israel is presented. The work also characterizes methods of comparing the competitiveness of enterprises, identifies their advantages and disadvantages. Scientific novelty. Novel approaches to increasing the efficiency of management decisions taking into account current circumstances (military aggression from the side of Russia), The main point is the necessity to develop high-tech military-industrial complex on the basis of intensive implementation of scientific research developments and improvement of the system of military logistics. The results of the work form a scientific and practical ground for further improvement of processes of taking effective state decisions in the conditions of market transformations and the state of war, the ultimate result of this will lead to the victory of Ukraine over the enemy, rapid renovation, economic growth and ability to act as an equal partner in international relations