bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of e-Health Service Performance through the Integration of 5G IoT, Fog, and Cloud Computing
Authors: AlQahtani Salman A.
Published: May 2023

In recent years, Internet of Things (IoT) advancements have led to the development of vastly improved remote healthcare services. Scalability, high bandwidth, low latency, and low power consumption are all essential features of the applications that make these services possible. An upcoming healthcare system and wireless sensor network that can fulfil these needs is based on fifth-generation network slicing. For better resource management, organizations can implement network slicing, which partitions the physical network into distinct logical slices according to quality of service (QoS) needs. Based on the findings of this research, an IoT–fog–cloud architecture is proposed for use in e-Health services. The framework is made up of three different but interconnected systems: a cloud radio access network, a fog computing system, and a cloud computing system. A queuing network serves as a model for the proposed system. The model’s constituent parts are then subjected to analysis. To assess the system’s performance, we run a numerical example simulation using Java modelling tools and then analyze the results to identify the key performance parameters. The analytical formulas that were derived ensure the precision of the results. Finally, the results show that the proposed model improves eHealth services’ quality of service in an efficient way by selecting the right slice compared to the traditional systems.
Degradation of Azo Dye by Ultrasound in Rotating Flow Field
Authors: Shi Chunwei , Yang Fan , Qu Xiaogang
Published: May 2023

Azo dyes such as Congo red can easily cause cancer when they come into contact or are absorbed by the human body, so it is urgent to find a fast and simple method for degrading Congo red. In order to better achieve this research goal, an ultrasonic method was used to degrade Congo red solution in a rotating flow field. The concentration of hydroxyl radical in the solution was significantly increased under the action of ultrasonic cavitation, chemical action of zero valent iron, and mechanochemistry. Under the strong oxidation of hydroxyl radical and the reduction of nano zero valent iron peeled off in the reaction process, the reaction speed is significantly accelerated and should promote the reaction. The effect of increasing stirring and adding iron powder particles on ultrasonic cavitation was studied by numerical simulation, and the yield of hydroxyl radical in the system was measured by fluorescence analysis. The experimental results show that, first, the rotating field formed by mixing increases the uniformity of ultrasonic sound field distribution and the amplitude of sound pressure, and it improves the cavitation intensity. In the effective dispersion area, the strong ultrasonic wave can form a temporary high-energy microenvironment in the suspension through cavitation, generate high strength shockwaves and micro jets, and thus significantly deagglomerate the iron powder aggregates. The addition of iron powder particles then provides a complementary Fenton reagent for the degradation reaction. The concentration of hydroxyl radicals in the solution was significantly increased by the synergy of the two actions. The degradation rate of Congo red reached more than 99% after 30 min of reaction.
Winning against All Odds: Elly Schlein’s Successful Election Campaign and Instagram Communication Strategies
Authors: Battista Daniele
Published: May 2023

The article aims to examine the characteristics of mediatized political communication in a hybrid media system, in which the social media accounts of political leaders play an increasingly important role. Firstly, the phenomenon of mediatization and its main aspects in relation to the mass media system are described. Subsequently, the concepts of disintermediation and new forms of mediation specific to social platforms are discussed. The analysis shows that disintermediation does not lead to the end of mediatization, but emphasizes the need to support the mass media logic based on the intertwining of entertainment and a social logic built on online content capable of triggering the creative potential of digital media. In particular, it is highlighted how politicians now prioritize social media over traditional media, assuming the role of social opinion leaders. The analysis of the posts published on the “ellyesse” Instagram account in the period from 4 December 2022, the date of the announced candidacy for the party secretary, to 26 February 2023, the day of the primaries in which he won against all odds, reveals a tendency towards the remediation of traditional content accompanied by innovative use of digital images, aimed at creating a sense of immediacy in interaction with the public. Furthermore, the use of codes typical of mass media mediatization is observed, but in a context where they change their meaning and assume a new communicative function. All these aspects reinforce the idea that social media, in a relationship of complementarity and interdependence with mass media, orient political communication towards the selection and repetition of a coherent set of identity traits.
Post-Activation Performance Enhancement and Motor Imagery Are Efficient to Emphasize the Effects of a Standardized Warm-Up on Sprint-Running Performances
Authors: Rumeau Valentin , Grospretre Sidney , Babault Nicolas
Published: May 2023

Warm-up routines include various tasks focused on the peripheral contractile properties and nervous motor command. This present study was aimed at investigating the acute effects of different warm-up routines, emphasizing either peripheral (post-activation performance enhancement, PAPE) or central (motor imagery, MI) contributions on sport-specific tasks. Eleven young female athletes took part in this cross-over, randomized, controlled trial. They underwent three experimental sessions composed of a standardized warm-up followed by 10 min of (1) rest (CONTROL), (2) maximal concentric leg press (PAPE), or (3) mental repetitions of sprint tasks (MI). Post-tests consisted of reaction time, arrowhead agility test, 20 m sprint, repeated sprint ability, and NASA-TLX fatigue questionnaire. PAPE and MI significantly enhanced the arrowhead agility test (p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively) and repeated sprint ability (p = 0.002 and p = 0.035, respectively) compared to CONTROL, without any difference between PAPE and MI. The 20 m sprint time was better after PAPE as compared to MI (p = 0.005) and CONTROL (p < 0.001), without any difference between MI and CONTROL. Reaction time and the NASA-TLX questionnaire were not affected by the warm-up modalities (p > 0.05). PAPE was the most efficient to optimize warm-up due to its greater peripheral contribution that would improve muscle contractility. MI specifically improved the imagined tasks mostly by central contribution.
Pollution Characteristics and Health Exposure Risks of Heavy Metals in River Water Affected by Human Activities
Authors: Liu Qiang , Cheng Yan , Fan Chunnan
Published: May 2023

Under the influence of human activities, surface water quality has been significantly affected, which threatens human health and sustainability. In order to clarify the potential risks of heavy metal pollution to human health in river water, two tributaries of the Tumen River with significant differences in human activity interference were selected for investigation. Comparative analysis of the contents of chromium (Cr), cuprum (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and plumbum (Pb) in the surface water of the two tributaries showed that the concentrations of As and Hg in some sampling sites exceeded the pollution standard values, and the Buerhatong River had a higher pollution level. Further analysis of the health risks revealed that the hazard quotient values of Cr, Cu, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were <1, but the cumulative risk value of the Buerhatong River was higher than 1 for children, indicating adverse effects on human health. The As levels under the fish ingestion scenario had unacceptable carcinogenic risks, while the Cr in the Buerhatong River for adults and Cr and Pb in the Buerhatong River and Hunchun River for children had acceptable carcinogenic risks. Moreover, the As in the incidental water ingestion scenario also had acceptable carcinogenic risks. Therefore, the increase in human activity intensity can promote the increase in the health exposure risk of heavy metals in river water, and fish ingestion was the main exposure pathway, while children had higher exposure risks than adults.
Acoustic Emission Characteristics of the Water Weakening Effect on Cretaceous Weakly Cemented Sandstone
Authors: Yang Yuru , Li Wenping , Lu Qinggang
Published: May 2023

Rock mass stability is often affected by water–rock interaction in underground engineering construction. Cretaceous sandstones often have weak cementation, low strength and strong water-holding capacity, and their rock mass strength is easily weakened by these activities. In this paper, the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and tensile strength (TS) of weakly cemented Cretaceous sandstones from different sedimentary facies under natural and saturated conditions were tested, and the loading process was monitored by the acoustic emission (AE) technique. The results show that the existence of water obviously weakened the mechanical properties of weakly cemented sandstone. The UCS and TS of saturated braided river facies sandstone decreased to 41.24% and 35.95% of their natural states, respectively, while those of desert facies sandstone decreased to 32.90% and 26.98% of their natural states, respectively. The AE characteristics of sandstone from different sedimentary facies were similar during loading due to weakening by water, including a decrease in cumulative AE energy, b-value fluctuation and reduction in the peak frequency distribution range. Fracture in the Brazilian splitting test was mainly due to the rapid initiation and coalescence of microcracks near the peak point. However, in the uniaxial compression test, the macro fractures were caused by many microcracks that occurred continuously during loading and finally connected. The high quartz and low feldspar contents strengthened the mechanical properties of braided fluvial facies sandstone compared to those of desert facies sandstone and lessened the effect of water weakening.
Impact of Hot Weather Conditions on the Performance of Supplementary Cementitious Materials Concrete
Authors: Abbas Yassir M. , Fares Galal , Khan Mohammad Iqbal
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate the strength and permeability properties of binary and ternary systems for producing concrete mixes with a cure time of 7, 28, 90, and 180 days under high ambient temperatures (about 35–45 °C). The key variables were silica fume (SF) and fly ash (FA) and the water-to-binder ratio (0.18 to 0.55) needed for cementitious systems of normal to ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). The tests were conducted under BS 1881 and ASTM C 1202. Further, a parametric study was conducted using isoresponse curves and predictive models developed in the study. After 28 days with 5% SF, the SF-binary concrete mixes showed significant gains in compressive strength, while 10% and 15% showed no significant gains. With a water–binder ratio of 0.55, concrete showed slightly higher strength gains than concrete with ratios of 0.16, 0.25, and 0.40. A 5% SF addition to 0.25-based concrete reduced permeability by 70%, which was marginal for 10% and 15%. However, higher SF content did not significantly affect concrete permeability with water–binder ratios of 0.55 and 0.40. The SF-FA ternary cementitious system of UHPC resulted in negligible permeability. With the developed model, the predicted–tested strength and permeability ratio was between 0.96 and 1.01. The isoresponse pattern of permeability changes at 6% SF content, while adding SF increases permeability significantly. The parametric analysis revealed that strength development deteriorates after 120 days regardless of whether SF is added at 10% or 15%.
The Influence of Place Attachment on Heritage Discourse in Contemporary Places: A Case Study of Jordanian Byzantine Mosaics
Authors: Abukarki Hanan Jazaa , Uzunahmet Havva Arslangazi , Onur Zeynep
Published: May 2023

This study looks at the influence of place attachment on heritage discourse in contemporary places, specifically, Byzantine mosaics in Jordan, where the Byzantine Empire left behind a rich mosaic heritage. Today, these mosaics are replicated in contemporary architectural environments. The purpose of this article is to explore the heritage discourse surrounding Byzantine mosaics in Jordanian contemporary places with a particular focus on the replication and interpretation of the mosaics in contemporary places. To do that, the relationship between the attachments to the Byzantine mosaic places, the community’s level of awareness, and the replicated heritage discourse was examined. The research was conducted using several different methods, where structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the relationship between these factors. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess the measurement models of the latent components and examine their construct validity and reliability. In addition, the study was conducted in Madaba Archaeological Park in the Jordanian city of Madaba, known as the “city of mosaics”, which is rich in tourism and culture, as a subject of study. The results show that the phenomena of heritage replications in contemporary places rely on the expanding interest in history, which is manifested through realizing the historical value and unique features of heritage. This attachment, knowledge, and understanding of heritage sites based on socio-cultural norms help shape the discourse of heritage replication in the contemporary built environment. These findings provide an understanding of the reasons behind the replication behavior of heritage designs in contemporary places, which can be supported in future research and used to create an appropriate contemporary sense of place. In addition to the possibility of using it as a strategy for the sustainability of heritage designs in local culture and contemporary places, not only in Jordan but also in other heritage environments, finally, some useful suggestions emerge on which future research can be based.
Management and Control of Agricultural Production Space in the Yanhe River Basin Based on Peasant Household Behavior
Authors: Hou Quanhua , Chen Shihan , Miao Yitong , Zhang Yahui , Chen Su , Fan Xiaoyang , Duan Yaqiong , Zhang Lingda
Published: May 2023

With increases in urbanization, agricultural production space is facing a series of problems, such as limited spatial development, loss of development entities, and difficulties in transformation, posing a huge challenge to national food security and sustainable rural development. The peasant household, as the main body in agricultural production space, plays a key role in solving human–land conflicts and achieving revitalization. In this article, we analyze the evolution characteristics of agricultural production space under the influence of peasant household behavior in the Yanhe River Basin from 1995 to 2018, and construct a spatial control system for agricultural production based on peasant household behavior guidance. Our conclusions are: (1) the agricultural production space in the Yanhe River Basin presents three major evolutionary characteristics, namely a reduction in spatial scale, a shift in the center of gravity of spatial distribution to the downstream, and a transformation of the spatial form from fragmented to regular; (2) the production input and production management behaviors of peasant households dominate the evolution of agricultural production space, while resource utilization behavior is an indirect influencing factor; moreover, peasant household behaviors are also influenced by conditions such as soil and location in agricultural production space; and (3) a control method system of “management and control basis + management and control implementation + management and control guarantee” has been formed through research, and targeted guidance has been given to peasant household behavior based on three levels of agricultural production zones and four types of rural areas. The research on zoning classification results can provide scientific guidance for the precise management of agricultural production space in the Yanhe River Basin, and the management and control method system can also provide a theoretical reference for the sustainable development path of agricultural production space.
Recovery of Bound Phenolic Compounds from Rice Hulls via Microwave-Assisted Alkaline Hydrolysis
Authors: Kyriakoudi Anastasia , Misirli Kleoniki , Mourtzinos Ioannis , Nenadis Nikolaos
Published: May 2023

The present study aimed to optimize the recovery of bound phenolic antioxidants from rice hulls via microwave-assisted alkaline hydrolysis using response surface methodology. The microwave treatment duration, temperature, and solvent:solid ratio were the independent variables selected; whereas total phenol content, antioxidant activity (DPPH●, ABTS●+, CUPRAC assays), and the p-coumaric and ferulic acids concentration were the dependent ones. The optimum conditions were found to be 3.6 min, 155 °C, and 50:1 v/w which were then applied to hulls from different rice varieties cultivated in Greece [Gladio, Krezo, Scirocco, Karolina (two samples), Europa, Bravo, Bella (parboiled), and Fino (long-grain rice)]. The results were compared to those obtained using an optimized ultrasound-assisted alkaline hydrolysis protocol (120 min, 80 °C, 50:1 v/w) proposed in the literature. The values obtained with microwaves were much higher compared to those obtained by ultrasounds (i.e., p-coumaric acid levels were 1.2 to 2.2-fold higher, and those of ferulic acid were 2.1 to 6.0-fold higher) using almost 2-fold higher temperature but reducing the hydrolysis duration by ~33-fold. Thus, the optimized approach may assist the valorization of rice hulls as a sustainable source of natural phenolic antioxidants for novel food applications.
Development of a Watershed Sustainability Index for the Santiago River Basin, Mexico
Authors: Núñez-Razo Iyelitzin , de Anda José , Barrios-Piña Héctor , Olvera-Vargas Luis Alberto , García-Ruíz-García Mariana , Hernández-Morales Sofía
Published: May 2023

Sustainability indices are a way of quantifying the progress that a certain region has achieved in terms of sustainability that can be transmitted to society and decision makers. The watershed approach has become relevant for managing water resources and ensuring their sustainability. This study combined the above two approaches by applying an adapted watershed sustainability index (WSI) to evaluate the sustainable development of the Santiago–Guadalajara River basin (SGRB), which passes through Guadalajara, the second-most populous city in Mexico. The river is the most polluted waterway in the country. The WSI of each sub-basin places the SGRB at a sustainability level between low in the upper and lower basin region and intermediate in the central basin region. Regions with a low sustainability level are characterized by environmental degradation due to changes in land use, while in the region with intermediate sustainability, the factor that most affect the evaluation is water availability. An overall sustainability score of WSI = 0.36 was obtained for the study area, which is lower than that of any other basins evaluated in the same manner around the world. These results send a clear message to decision makers of the three government levels, in charge of the environmental sustainability of the basin, of the need to take action to facilitate its recovery.
A Review of Offshore Wind and Wave Installations in Some Areas with an Eye towards Generating Economic Benefits and Offering Commercial Inspiration
Authors: Zhang Yi , Zhang Dapeng , Jiang Haoyu
Published: May 2023

Wind and wave energy have gained significant attention in recent years as high-quality renewable energy sources. Commercial applications of these technologies are still in their infancy and do not offer significant benefits to the general public due to their low economic efficiency. The main objective of this paper is to contribute to the commercialization of wind and wave energy. The first step toward achieving this goal is to review equation models related to the economic benefits of wind and wave energy. A case study approach is then used to examine several successful offshore wind and wave energy conversion devices. As a result of this examination, we identify limitations and difficulties in commercializing and developing wind and wave energy. Finally, we propose various measures to address these challenges, including technological innovation, policy support, and market regulation. Research and decision-makers interested in the promotion of renewable energy sources will gain valuable insights from this study, which will ultimately lead to the adoption of sustainable energy practices for the benefit of society and the environment.
Electrokinetic-Assisted Phytoremediation of Pb-Contaminated Soil: Influences of Periodic Polarity Reversal Direct Current Field
Authors: Mulati Hayishaer , Mamat Anwar , Ailijiang Nuerla , Jiang Lu , Li Ning , Hu Yuanfang , Su Yuhong
Published: May 2023

The effect of electric stimulation on the phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil by tall fescue and wheat seedlings was investigated by monitoring the time-dependent changes in soil properties and Pb accumulation in plants with or without a direct current (DC) exchange field. The results showed that plants could strengthen electrical conductivity (EC) and current in the soil environment. The periodic exchange electrode helped maintain a stable soil pH. Electric stimulation enhanced phytoremediation efficiency, and the enhancement effect increased with plant growth. Compared with the treatments without a DC exchange electric field, the Pb content in plots with tall fescue and wheat seedlings under DC exchange electric field increased 107–250.6% and 32.7–84.4%, respectively, after 30 d of planting. DC exchange electric field significantly increased the Pb enrichment coefficient of tall fescue and wheat seedlings. The upward transport of Pb from wheat seedling roots to shoots was greatly promoted by electric stimulation for 18 d. However, Pb transport in both plants was restrained after 18 d of electric stimulation. Additionally, DC exchange electric stimulation can improve the phytoremediation of heavy-metal-contaminated soil. More attention should be paid to the selection and testing of promising hyperaccumulators for electrokinetic-assisted phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated soil.
A Study on the Mechanism of ESG’s Impact on Corporate Value under the Concept of Sustainable Development
Authors: Jin Xin , Lei Xue
Published: May 2023

With the deepening of the concept of sustainable development, the academic community has paid more and more attention to how enterprises can achieve value co-creation for multiple stakeholders from the perspective of corporate innovation. ESG is a new concept concerned with how to achieve sustainable development in enterprises in terms of environment, society, and corporate governance. However, there is still a lack of research on how to reshape the innovation processes of enterprises based on the new concept of sustainability and bring competitive value to corporate value. Based on this, we took the listed companies on the main board of the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2010 to 2020 as the research object and empirically tested the impact effect of corporate ESG on corporate value, as well as the mediating effect of corporate innovation between corporate ESG and corporate value. At the same time, the institutional environment was incorporated as a moderating variable to further explore its influence mechanism. Finally, the heterogeneity of corporate ESG on corporate value was analyzed at both an enterprise level and a regional level. The results show that corporate ESG and its three sub-dimensions can significantly improve corporate value and innovation level; the internal mechanism shows that corporate innovation plays a mediating role between corporate ESG and its three sub-dimensions, while institutional environment play a moderating effect; non-state-owned enterprises’ ESG has a higher impact on corporate value than state-owned enterprises, especially in eastern China, where the value enhancement effect of ESG is more significant.
Improving Economic Welfare through Capital Development: Case Study of Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Pujon District
Authors: Wahyono Nanang Dwi , Hasanah Niswatin , Parmawati Rita , Wong Wing-Keung
Published: May 2023

Developing the economic welfare of smallholder dairy farmers is an important strategy for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in regions such as Pujon District, a major dairy producer in the Malang Regency. Enhancing the economic stability of these farmers contributes to community welfare and promotes aspects of the SDGs such as “Good Health and Well-Being” and “No Poverty”. This study delves into the relationships among five types of capital—human, social, natural, physical, and financial—and their influence on the welfare of dairy farmers in Pujon District. A questionnaire was distributed to 110 respondents in January and February 2022 for the purpose of this research. After the data were collected, Smart-PLS was used to analyze the structural-equation model (SEM). According to the findings, these five types of capital have a significant and positive impact on the welfare of farmers. As a result, these five capitals provide a tangible framework for enhancing and measuring farmer welfare in Pujon District, thus providing a strategic path for optimizing community resources to boost economic welfare and contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals. The study findings provide valuable insights into the strategies that can be adopted to promote sustainable agriculture and enhance the well-being of farmers in Pujon District.
Stoichiometric Characteristics of Abies georgei var. smithii Plants in Southeast Tibet
Authors: Li Yueyao , Fu Fangwei , Li Jiangrong , Chen Wensheng , Ding Huihui , Xiao Siying
Published: May 2023

In order to elucidate the adaptation mechanisms of the stoichiometric characteristics of Abies georgei var. smithii in southeastern Tibet to different habitats, the spatial and temporal dynamics of the nutrient contents and stoichiometric ratios among the leaf, branch, stem, and root organs were analyzed on Sejila Mountain in southeastern Tibet at different elevations (3500 m, 3900 m, and 4300 m). The results show that (1) the C and K contents of the fir organs did not change significantly with increasing elevation in the same season, while the N and P contents showed an overall increasing trend with increasing elevation, with the C and N contents being the highest in the leaves. The distribution order was leaves > branches > roots > stem; the P and K content order in each organ was branches > leaves > roots > stem. (2) At the same elevation and in different seasons, the Abies georgei var. smithii organs showed a similar convergence in terms of nutrient storage and utilization strategies, and more nutrients were optimally allocated between the assimilated and stored organs in the alpine habitats, which represents a “trade-off” strategy. (3) Compared to the findings of the global-scale studies, this study area has low N, P, and K contents, and its growth is limited by both N and P. Due to physiological and nutrient balance constraints, the content of the N-limited elements in the plants is relatively stable, which is in line with the “limiting element stability hypothesis”. (4) Principal component analysis showed that the influence of environmental factors on the stoichiometric characteristics of the different organs of Abies georgei var. smithii had a spatial scale effect, and that Abies georgei var. smithii demonstrated increased accumulation of N and P contents when subjected to environmental stress, which promoted the domestication and adaptation of the plant, enabling it to show good nutrient accumulation capacity and good adaptation strategies even at high elevation; thus, it has become a pioneer tree species at high elevations. This research work shows that the resilient adaptation of Abies georgei var. smithiir to environmental change has led to differences in the nutrient uptake and use efficiency and the adaptation patterns of the organs at different altitudinal gradients, with each organ adapting to habitat changes by adjusting its nutrient storage strategy between habitats.
Approximate Optimal Tracking Control for Partially Unknown Nonlinear Systems via an Adaptive Fixed-Time Observer
Authors: Gao Yanping , Liu Zuojun
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates a novel adaptive fixed-time disturbance observer (AFXDO)-based approximate optimal tracking control architecture for nonlinear systems with partially unknown dynamic drift and perturbation under an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) scheme. To attenuate the impact of disturbance, a novel AFXDO was designed based on the principle of a fixed-time stable system without prior information of disturbance, making disturbance observer errors converge to zero in a fixed time independent of initial estimation error. Additionally, approximate optimal control is conducted by incorporating the real-time estimation of AFXDO into a critic-only ADP framework to stabilize the dynamics of tracking errors and strike a balance between consumption and performance. In particular, to address the heavy calculation burden and oscillation phenomenon in the traditional actor–critic structure, an improved adaptive update law with a variable learning rate was developed to update the weight for adjusting the optimal cost function and optimal control policy simultaneously, avoiding the initial chattering phenomenon and achieving a prescribed convergence without resorting to dual networks. With the efforts of AFXDO and a weight law with a variable learning rate, the track errors were achieved with fast transient performance and low control consumptions in a fixed time. By revisiting Lyapunov stability, the tracking error and weight estimation error were proven to be uniformly ultimately bounded, and the designed control tended to optimal control. The simulations were carried out on quadrotor tracking to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed control scheme, which achieves rapid convergence by lower control consumption in 4 s, where the cost function is reduced by 19.13%.
Systematic Review of Nano- and Microplastics’ (NMP) Influence on the Bioaccumulation of Environmental Contaminants: Part II—Freshwater Organisms
Authors: Ribeiro Fabianne , Pavlaki Maria D. , Loureiro Susana , Sarmento Renato Almeida , Soares Amadeu M. V. M. , Tourinho Paula S.
Published: May 2023

Nano- and microplastic fragments (NMPs) exist ubiquitously in all environmental compartments. The literature-based evidence suggests that NMPs interact with other environmental contaminants in freshwater ecosystems through sorption mechanisms, thereby playing a vector role. Chemically bound NMPs can translocate throughout the environment, reaching long distances from the contaminant discharge site. In addition, they can be ab/adsorbed by freshwater organisms. Although many studies show that NMPs can increase toxicity towards freshwater biota through the carrier role, little is known regarding their potential to influence the bioaccumulation of environmental contaminants (EC) in freshwater species. This review is part II of a systematic literature review regarding the influence of NMPs on bioaccumulation. Part I deals with terrestrial organisms and part II is devoted to freshwater organisms. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA ScR) was used for the literature search and selection. Only studies that assessed the bioaccumulation of EC in the presence of NMPs and compared this with the bioaccumulation of the isolated EC were considered. Here, we discuss the outcome of 46 papers, considering NMPs that induced an increase, induced a decrease, or caused no effect on bioaccumulation. Lastly, knowledge gaps are identified, and future directives for this area of research are discussed.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Proportion Estimates of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Malaria
Authors: Duangchan Thitinat , Kotepui Manas , Sukati Suriyan , Rattanapan Yanisa , Wangdi Kinley
Published: May 2023

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a potentially life-threatening condition that causes systemic coagulation to be turned on and coagulation factors to be used up. However, the evidence for DIC in malaria patients is still not clear, and small case series and retrospective studies have shown varying results. This meta-analysis was intended for the evaluation of the evidence of DIC among malaria patients using a meta-analysis approach. The protocol for the systematic review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023392194. Studies that investigated DIC in patients with malaria were searched in Ovid, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, and MEDLINE. The pooled proportion with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of DIC among malaria patients was estimated using a random-effects model. A total of 1837 articles were identified, and 38 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The overall proportion of DIC in malaria was 11.6% (95% CI: 8.9%–14.3%, I2: 93.2%, 38 studies). DIC in severe falciparum malaria and fatal malaria was 14.6% (95% CI: 5.0–24.3%, I2: 95.5%, 11 studies) and 82.2% (95% CI: 56.2–100%, I2: 87.3, 4 studies). The estimates of DIC among severe malaria patients who had multi-organ dysfunction with bleeding, cerebral malaria, acute renal failure, and ≥2 complications were 79.6% (95% CI: 67.1–88.2%, one study), 11.9% (95% CI: 7.9–17.6%, one study), 16.7% (95% CI: 10.2–23.3%, ten studies), and 4.8% (95% CI: 1.9–7.7%, nine studies), respectively. The proportion estimates of DIC among the patients with malaria depended on the Plasmodium species, clinical severity, and types of severe complications. The information from this study provided useful information to guide the management of malaria patients. Future studies are needed to investigate the association between Plasmodium infection and DIC and to understand the mechanism of malaria-induced DIC.
Risk Factors for Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and COVID-19 Disease—A Retrospective Study at a Major Saudi Tertiary Center
Authors: Alotaibi Badi A. , Aldali Jehad A. , Aldali Hamzah J. , Alasiri Glowi A. , Elsokkary Emadeldin M. , Al Mugairi Areej , Almuqrin Abdulaziz M.
Published: May 2023

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) insufficiency is a common enzymatic defect worldwide; it affects over 400 million people and is associated with various disorders. Recent research suggests that G6PD-deficient cells are susceptible to infection by human coronaviruses, as the G6PD enzyme is involved in the metabolism of oxidative stress, which may enhance COVID-19 mortality. This retrospective study aimed to examine the effect of COVID-19 on patients with G6PD deficiency by comparing the laboratory parameters of patients with G6PD enzyme deficiency alone, COVID-19 alone, and those with both COVID-19 and G6PD enzyme deficiency treated at a major Saudi tertiary center. The results indicated significant differences in hematological and biochemical parameters between the three patient groups, indicating that COVID-19 may influence these parameters, and that they could be used to measure the severity of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, this study suggests that patients with G6PD enzyme deficiency may be at higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Although the study is limited by the lack of a random selection method for group membership, the Kruskal–Wallis H-test was used to statistical assess the data. The study’s findings can enhance the understanding of the relation between COVID-19 infected and G6PD-deficiency patients and inform clinical decision making for an improved patient outcome.
Application Research on Risk Assessment of Municipal Pipeline Network Based on Random Forest Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Cen Hang , Huang Delong , Liu Qiang , Zong Zhongling , Tang Aiping
Published: May 2023

Urban municipal water supply is an important part of underground pipelines, and their scale continues to expand. Due to the continuous improvement in the quality and quantity of data available for pipeline systems in recent years, traditional pipeline network risk assessment cannot cope with the improvement of various monitoring methods. Therefore, this paper proposes a machine learning-based risk assessment method for municipal pipe network operation and maintenance and builds a model example based on the data of a pipeline network base in a park in Suzhou. We optimized the random forest learning model, compared it with other centralized learning methods, and finally evaluated the model’s learning effect. Finally, the risk probability associated with each pipe segment sample was obtained, the risk factors affecting the pipe segment’s failure were determined, and their relevance and importance ranking was established. The results showed that the most influential factors are pipe material, soil properties, service life, and the number of past failures. The random forest algorithm demonstrated better prediction accuracy and robustness on the dataset.
Twin-Screw Extrusion Mechanical Pretreatment for Enhancing Biomethane Production from Agro-Industrial, Agricultural and Catch Crop Biomasses
Authors: Chevalier Arthur , Evon Philippe , Monlau Florian , Vandenbossche Virginie , Sambusiti Cecilia
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mechanical treatment through twin-screw extrusion for the enhancement of biomethane production. Four lignocellulosic biomasses (i.e., sweetcorn by-products, whole triticale, corn stover and wheat straw) were evaluated, and two different shear stress screw profiles were tested. Chemical composition, particle size reduction, tapped density and cellulose crystallinity were assessed to show the effect of extrusion pretreatment on substrate physico-chemical properties and their biochemical methane production (BMP) capacities. Both mechanical pretreatments allowed an increase in the proportion of particles with a diameter size less than 1 mm (from 3.7% to 72.7%). The most restrictive profile also allowed a significant solubilization of water soluble coumpounds, from 5.5% to 13%. This high-shear extrusion also revealed a reduction in cellulose crystallinity for corn stover (i.e., 8.6% reduction). Sweetcorn by-products revealed the highest BMP values (338–345 NmL/gVS), followed by corn stover (264–286 NmL/gVS), wheat straw (247–270 NmL/gVS) and whole triticale (233–247 NmL/gVS). However, no statistical improvement in maximal BMP production was provided by twin-screw extrusion. Nevertheless, BMP kinetic analysis proved that both extrusion pretreatments were able to increase the specific rate constant (from 13% to 56% for soft extrusion and from 66% to 107% for the high-shear one).
Ölüyü Yıkayanın Gusül ve Taşıyanın Abdest Almasıyla İlgili Rivayetlerin Sened ve Metin Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DOĞAN Halil İbrahim
Published: May 2023

Her canlının tadacağı bir gerçek olan ölümle ilgili birçok hususu Hz. Peygamber’in hadislerinde bulmak mümkündür. Bir kimse öldüğü zaman onu yıkayıp kefenlemek, cenaze namazını kılmak ve taşıyıp defnetmek gibi ona karşı yapılması gereken birtakım vazifeler vardır. Çalışmanın konusu, ölen bir kimseyi yıkayanın gusül ve taşıyanın abdest almasıyla alakalı rivayetlerin değerlendirilmesidir. Her daim güncel bir konu olan ölüm hakkında böyle bir çalışmanın önemli olacağı düşünülmektedir. Araştırmada Hz. Peygamber’den nakledilen merfû‘ rivayetlerin sahih olup olmadığı ve metnin doğru bir şekilde nasıl anlaşılacağı amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun için doküman analiz yöntemi kullanılarak hicrî ilk beş asırda telif edilen hadis kitaplarındaki rivayetler belirlenmiş, sened ve metin açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmada senedi sahih olanlar bulunduğu gibi zayıf hadislerin de yer aldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Hadisin metninde cenazeyi yıkayanın gusül ve taşıyanın abdest alması ifade edilse de bunun bir zorunluluk olmadığı, duruma ve şartlara göre hareket edilmesi gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Bir ictihad faaliyeti olduğu için âlimlerin rivayetlerin senedi ve metni üzerinde farklı görüşleri bulunduğu belirlenmiştir.
Ali Salahaddin Yiğitoğlu’nun Türkçe Gazellerinde Vahdet-i Vücûd
Authors: TABAKOĞLU Mehmet
Published: May 2023

19. yy.’ın son çeyreğinde İstanbul’da doğan Ali Salahaddin, idadî-i mülkî ve hukuk mektebindeki öğreniminin ardından Maarif Nezaretine bağlı çeşitli kademelerde katiplik yapmıştır. Zengin bir ilim ve kültür ortamında yetişmiş olan Ali Salahaddin, Arapça, Farsça ve Fransızca bilmektedir. Kimi gazellerini Farsça kaleme kalmıştır. İstanbul’un meşhur bazı liselerinde Arapça, Farsça, Türkçe ve Edebiyat öğretmenliği yapmıştır. Daha çok dini ve tasavvufi muhitlerde bulunduğu anlaşılan Ali Salahaddin’in bazı yazıları dönemin saygın dergilerinde yayımlanmıştır. Çeşitli telif ve tercüme eserleri bulunmakla birlikte özellikle İbn Arabî’den yaptığı çevirilerle dikkat çekmektedir. 1925’te Aşkın Sesi adlı şiir kitabı basılmış olan Ali Salahaddin’in değişik konularda şiirleri vardır fakat onun en güzel ve güçlü şiirleri dini-tasavvufi konularda yazdıklarıdır. Biz bu makalede Yiğitoğlu’nun Türkçe gazellerinde yoğun bir şekilde işlediği vahdet-i vücud bahislerini belli başlıklar altında tahlil etmeye çalışacağız.
Platon’dan Geç Antik Döneme Hurafe Algısı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: KÖMÜRCÜOĞLU Şeyma
Published: May 2023

Antik Yunan’da felsefe öncesi dönemde insanların Tanrı’ya ve evrene dair temel kabullerinin mitlere dayandığı ve bu kabulleri yansıtan anlatıların genel olarak sözlü edebiyat yoluyla gerçekleştiği bilinmektedir. Mitler antic Yunan insanının zihin dünyasını şekllendirirken, pratik hayatta da akıl dışı Kabul edilebilecek uygulamalara rastlamak mümkündü. Bu makalede bir yandan antik Yunan toplumunda akıl-dışı kabul edilen hurafelere yaklaşımlar incelenirken, bir yandan Platon’un akıl-dışı hurafelerle mitler arasında bir fark görüp görmediği soruşturulmuştur. Platon’un diyaloglarında yer verdiği Tanrı tasavvuru ile hurafeler arasındaki irtibata temas edilerek, geç antik dönem için de, Theophrastus’tan başlayıp Plutarch’a uzanan bir dönemde metinlerin incelemesi yapılmıştır. Bu metinler dönemin hurafe algısını yansıtması, hurafeye inanan insan tipolojisini vermesi ve dönemin ana akım dinî inanışları açısından hurafenin yerini göstermeleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çerçevede makelenin ana amacı, antik Yunan toplumunda hurafeye olan yaklaşımları belirlemek ve felsefe söz konusu olduğunda mit ve hurafenin işlevsel olarak nasıl birbirinden ayrı tutulduğuna işaret etmektir.
El ajuste de las expectativas del gobierno de Boric: hacia una agenda verde capaz de relanzar el crecimiento
Authors: Ruiz Encina Carlos
Published: May 2023

La presidencia de Gabriel Boric, quien llegó al poder al frente de una amplia alianza social y política articulada frente a la amenaza del triunfo de la extrema derecha en la segunda vuelta presidencial de 2021, buscó inicialmente encarnar la voluntad transformadora que asoma con la revuelta popular ocurrida dos años antes. Sin embargo, el acelerado deterioro del panorama económico y de las condiciones generales de vida, la emergencia de nuevas problemáticas sociales y económicas (inflación, seguridad pública, migración), las propias limitaciones de la alianza de gobierno, el triunfo del Rechazo al texto propuesto por la Convención Constitucional en septiembre de 2022, y el despliegue de una aguda actitud obstruccionista de la oposición política, obligan a un ajuste en las expectativas de transformación con que el nuevo gobierno arribó. Esto último se expresa en el establecimiento de prioridades distintas a las contenidas en el programa de gobierno original y su agenda de reformas estructurales. Ante tal panorama adverso, se opta por avanzar, principalmente, en la reconfiguración de la matriz energética intentando explotar potencialidades localmente existentes.
Jewish community of Mariupol XIX – the early XX centuries
Authors: Lukovenko Illia ,   Pyotr Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of the formation and functioning of the institutions of the Jewish religion as the ethnic religion of the Jews of Mariupol. The demographic aspects of the formation of the community are analyzed, in particular the statistics of growth from the time of active formation to the beginning of the First World War. The features of the formation of a network of religious buildings, namely synagogues and houses of worship as centers of community life, which ensured a full-fledged religious life of the community, were analyzed. An analysis of the system of administrative and management of community life was carried out. The history of the formation and functions of state and spiritual rabbinates, the system of functioning of spiritual boards as governing bodies of the communal life of the Jewish community are shown. The features of the functioning of the main forms of traditional Jewish life are analyzed: the organization of providing koshen food, ensuring the possibility of observing ritual purity (mikvah), the implementation of rituals of the life cycle: circumcision, marriage (hupa), funeral (functioning of the Jewish cemetery). The system of organizing spiritual and religious education, in particular Talmud-Torah (primary school for boys), primary school for girls, network of private Jewish educational institutions, is analyzed.