bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curcumin- and resveratrol-co-loaded nanoparticles in synergistic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Yongshun , Jia Ran , Li Jun , Tian Xiaohe , Qian Yeben
Published: July 2022

Background

Currently, systemic therapies for patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rely mainly on systemic drugs. However, traditional systemic drugs have a high rate of serious adverse events, and the curative effects of some potential anticancer drugs, such as curcumin (CUR) and resveratrol (RSV), are less apparent due to their poor bioavailability. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a highly effective therapy to improve patient prognosis. Herein, an injectable HCC-targeted nanoparticle (NP) was designed to deliver CUR and RSV to hepatoma cells.

Results

The molecular self-assembled NPs showed higher tumour retention through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of the NPs and surface modification with the HCC-specific peptide moiety SP94 to effectively treat HCC. These HCC-targeted NPs led to a significant reduction in the drug dosage, delayed the rate of drug release and improved the bioavailability of the encapsulated drugs. The drug concentrations in the vicinity of the tumour increased, and a good therapeutic effect was observed without obvious side effects.

Conclusions

These SP94-mediated NPs allowed large amounts of antitumor drugs to accumulate in tumours, providing a novel strategy for innovative HCC therapy. This nanoplatform also offers an idea for exploring other potential chemotherapeutics.

Graphical Abstract
Prognostic factors in colorectal liver metastases patients with various tumor numbers treated by liver resection: a single-center, retrospective study
Authors: Chen Feng-Lin , Wang Yan-Yan , Liu Wei , Xing Bao-Cai
Published: July 2022

Background

Multiple liver metastases is considered a risk factor for overall survival of colorectal liver metastases patients (CRLM) after curative resection. However, whether the prognostic factors were constant in patients with various liver metastases (LM) numbers has not been adequately investigated. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the changing of prognostic factors on overall survival (OS) in CRLM patients with various LM after curative resection.

Methods

Patients who underwent liver resection for CRLM between January 2000 and November 2020 were retrospectively studied. They were divided into three subgroups according to LM numbers by X-tile analysis. Multivariable analysis identified prognostic factors in each subgroup. Nomograms were built using different prognostic factors in three subgroups, respectively. Performance of the nomograms was assessed according to the concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots. The abilities of different scoring systems predicting OS were compared by calculating the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).

Results

A total of 1095 patients were included. Multivariable analysis showed tumor number increasing was an independent risk factor. Patients were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups according to the number of LM by X-tile analysis, namely solitary (n = 375), 2–4 (n = 424), and ≥ 5 (n = 296). The 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 64.1% and 54.0% in solitary LM group, 58.1% and 41.7% in 2–4 LM group, and 50.9% and 32.0% in ≥ 5 LM group, respectively (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, RAS mutation was the only constant independent risk factor in all subgroups. The nomograms were built to predict survival based on independent factors in three subgroups. The C-index for OS prediction was 0.707 (95% CI 0.686–0.728) in the solitary LM group, 0.695 (95% CI 0.675–0.715) in the 2–4 LM group, and 0.687 (95% CI 0.664–0.710) in the ≥ 5 LM group. The time-dependent AUC values of nomograms developed using different risk factors after stratifying patients by tumor number were higher than the traditional scoring systems without patient stratification.

Conclusions

The prognostic factors varied among CRLM patients with different LM numbers. RAS mutation was the only constant risk factor. Building prediction models based on different prognostic factors improve patient stratification.
High exposure to phthalates is associated with HbA1c worsening in type 2 diabetes subjects with and without edentulism: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Mengozzi Alessandro , Carli Fabrizia , Pezzica Samantha , Biancalana Edoardo , Gastaldelli Amalia , Solini Anna
Published: July 2022

Background

Phthalates exposure and complete edentulism are related to both low socioeconomic status. No study by far has verified if and to what extent these two conditions are related. We aimed to explore their potential association and interplay in the metabolic control and cardiovascular risk profile.

Methods

In our small (n = 48) prospective pilot study twenty-four patients with type 2 diabetes (DnE) and twenty-four patients with type 2 diabetes and edentulism (DE) followed for 19 ± 2 months were treated according to best clinical standards. Phthalates’ exposure was evaluated by urinary concentration of di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), metabolites, i.e. mono 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) and mono 2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP).

Results

No association between phthalates and edentulism was found, nor did edentulism affect glucose control. Higher phthalates exposure was associated with a glycated haemoglobin worsening. This association was found for all the measured phthalates metabolites, both as a whole (DEHP; r = 0.33, p = 0.0209) and individually: MEHP (r = 0.41, p = 0.0033), MEHHP (r = 0.32, p = 0.028), MEOHP (r = 0.28, p = 0.0386).

Conclusions

Phthalates are not associated with edentulism but predict the worsening of glucose control in subjects with type 2 diabetes. These findings might prove relevant in identifying novel biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk. Further studies are needed to validate our results and estimate the true potential of phthalates in terms of risk assessment.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protect against liver fibrosis via delivering miR-148a to target KLF6/STAT3 pathway in macrophages
Authors: Tian Siyuan , Zhou Xia , Zhang Miao , Cui Lina , Li Bo , Liu Yansheng , Su Rui , Sun Keshuai , Hu Yinan , Yang Fangfang , Xuan Guoyun , Ma Shuoyi , Zheng Xiaohong , Zhou Xinmin , Guo Changcun , Shang Yulong , Wang Jingbo , Han Ying
Published: July 2022

Background

Despite emerging evidence on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for liver fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. At present, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) are widely accepted as crucial messengers for intercellular communication. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of MSC-EXOs on liver fibrosis and identify the mechanisms underlying the action of MSC-EXOs.

Methods

Carbon tetrachloride was used to induce a liver fibrosis model, which was intravenously administered with MSCs or MSC-EXOs to assess treatment efficacy. The resulting histopathology, fibrosis degree, inflammation and macrophage polarization were analyzed. RAW264.7 and BMDM cells were used to explore the regulatory effects of MSC-EXOs on macrophage polarization. Then, the critical miRNA mediating the therapeutic effects of MSC-EXOs was screened via RNA sequencing and validated experimentally. Furthermore, the target mRNA and downstream signaling pathways were elucidated by luciferase reporter assay, bioinformatics analysis and western blot.

Results

MSCs alleviated liver fibrosis largely depended on their secreted exosomes, which were visualized to circulate into liver after transplantation. In addition, MSC-EXOs were found to modulate macrophage phenotype to regulate inflammatory microenvironment in liver and repair the injury. Mechanically, RNA-sequencing illustrates that miR-148a, enriched in the MSC-EXOs, targets Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) to suppress pro-inflammatory macrophages and promote anti-inflammatory macrophages by inhibiting the STAT3 pathway. Administration of miR-148a-enriched MSC-EXOs or miR-148a agomir shows potent ameliorative effects on liver fibrosis.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that MSC-EXOs protect against liver fibrosis via delivering miR-148a that regulates intrahepatic macrophage functions through KLF6/STAT3 signaling and provide a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
Deep eutectic solvents: green solvents for the removal of degraded gelatin on cellulose nitrate cinematographic films
Authors: Lozano Marco Valente Chavez , Sciutto Giorgia , Prati Silvia , Mazzeo Rocco
Published: July 2022

Cellulose nitrate (CN) has been used in the past as support for photographic negatives and cinematographic films. This material is particularly unstable and can undergoes severe degradation due to thermal, photocatalytic and hydrolytic loss of nitro groups from the lateral chain. Thus, to prevent the disappearance of the movies, their scanning and digitalization become a priority.

However, CN bases degradation may prevent the scanning of the films. The decrease in pH, for instance, lowers the viscosity of gelatin, which becomes softer. This causes the formation of gelatin residues which stick on the back of the superimposed frames inside the reels creating a deposit.

Traditional approaches to clean gelatin residues from the surface of CN bases include the mechanical removal with scalpels and the use of organic solvents (such as isopropyl alcohol). However, these methods are either slow and ineffective or could potentially damage the degraded CN supports.

To overcome these drawbacks, we have evaluated the performance of three choline chloride and betaine-based Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) formulations as alternative for the removal of gelatine residues from CN supports. These solvents are inexpensive (when compared to traditional solvents), easy to prepare, green (non volatile, safe towards the operators and the environment, and potentially recyclable), non flammable and have been previously proposed for the extraction of proteinaceous materials, but their use for the restoration of photographic negatives or cinematographic films has not been reported yet.

Selected areas over the frames of a real deteriorated CN cinematographic film were cleaned comparing the DES performances with the ones obtained using isopropyl alcohol as an example of a traditional method.

In particular, the tested DES formulations showed superior cleaning power compared to isopropyl alcohol and, at the selected application times, resulted capable to remove the gelatin residues without affecting the CN film supports.

Graphical abstract
Influence of geomagnetic storms on the quality of magnetotelluric impedance
Authors: Chen Hao , Mizunaga Hideki , Tanaka Toshiaki
Published: July 2022

Magnetotelluric (MT) field data contain natural electromagnetic signals and artificial noise sources (instrumental, anthropogenic, etc.). Not all available time-series data contain usable information on the electrical conductivity distribution at depth with a low signal-to-noise ratio. If variations in the natural electromagnetic signal increase dramatically in a geomagnetic storm, the signal-to-noise ratio increases. A more reliable impedance may be obtained using storm data in a noisy environment. The field datasets observed at mid-latitudes were used to investigate the effect of geomagnetic storms on MT impedance quality. We combined the coherence between the electric and magnetic fields and the result of the MT sounding curve to evaluate the MT impedance quality across all periods and combined the phase difference among the electric and magnetic fields, the polarization direction, and the hat matrix to discuss the data quality for a specific period simultaneously. The case studies showed that the utilization of the data observed during the geomagnetic storm could overcome the local noise and bring a more reliable impedance.

Graphical Abstract
Preferences Elicited and Respected for Seriously Ill Veterans through Enhanced Decision-Making (PERSIVED): a protocol for an implementation study in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Ersek Mary , Sales Anne , Keddem Shimrit , Ayele Roman , Haverhals Leah M. , Magid Kate H. , Kononowech Jennifer , Murray Andrew , Carpenter Joan G. , Foglia Mary Beth , Potter Lucinda , McKenzie Jennifer , Davis Darlene , Levy Cari
Published: July 2022

Background

Empirical evidence supports the use of structured goals of care conversations and documentation of life-sustaining treatment (LST) preferences in durable, accessible, and actionable orders to improve the care for people living with serious illness. As the largest integrated healthcare system in the USA, the Veterans Health Administration (VA) provides an excellent environment to test implementation strategies that promote this evidence-based practice. The Preferences Elicited and Respected for Seriously Ill Veterans through Enhanced Decision-Making (PERSIVED) program seeks to improve care outcomes for seriously ill Veterans by supporting efforts to conduct goals of care conversations, systematically document LST preferences, and ensure timely and accurate communication about preferences across VA and non-VA settings.

Methods

PERSIVED encompasses two separate but related implementation projects that support the same evidence-based practice. Project 1 will enroll 12 VA Home Based Primary Care (HBPC) programs and Project 2 will enroll six VA Community Nursing Home (CNH) programs. Both projects begin with a pre-implementation phase during which data from diverse stakeholders are gathered to identify barriers and facilitators to adoption of the LST evidence-based practice. This baseline assessment is used to tailor quality improvement activities using audit with feedback and implementation facilitation during the implementation phase. Site champions serve as the lynchpin between the PERSIVED project team and site personnel. PERSIVED teams support site champions through monthly coaching sessions. At the end of implementation, baseline site process maps are updated to reflect new steps and procedures to ensure timely conversations and documentation of treatment preferences. During the sustainability phase, intense engagement with champions ends, at which point champions work independently to maintain and improve processes and outcomes. Ongoing process evaluation, guided by the RE-AIM framework, is used to monitor Reach, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance outcomes. Effectiveness will be assessed using several endorsed clinical metrics for seriously ill populations.

Discussion

The PERSIVED program aims to prevent potentially burdensome LSTs by consistently eliciting and documenting values, goals, and treatment preferences of seriously ill Veterans. Working with clinical operational partners, we will apply our findings to HBPC and CNH programs throughout the national VA healthcare system during a future scale-out period.
Changes in Treatment Satisfaction Over 3 Years in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Initiating Second-line Treatment
Authors: Mita Tomoya , Katakami Naoto , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Kawashima Masaru , Wada Fumitaka , Akiyama Hiroki , Morita Naru , Kidani Yoko , Yajima Toshitaka , Shimomura Iichiro , Watada Hirotaka
Published: July 2022

Context

J-DISCOVER is a prospective observational cohort study aiming to understand the current management of patients with early-stage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Japan, enrolling patients initiating second-line treatment.

Objective

The current analysis examined the change in treatment satisfaction during the study period and factors affecting this change among patients in J-DISCOVER.

Methods

We used data from the J-DISCOVER study, in which 1798 patients with T2DM aged ≥ 20 years were enrolled from 142 sites across Japan. Treatment satisfaction was assessed using the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ).

Results

The mean DTSQ treatment satisfaction score increased from 25.9 points at baseline to 27.3 points at 6 months, which was maintained through 36 months. Among the baseline characteristics examined, higher baseline DTSQ treatment satisfaction scores (P < 0.0001), older age (≥ 75 vs < 65 years, P = 0.0096), living alone (P = 0.0356), and type of facility (clinics vs hospitals, P = 0.0044) had a significantly negative impact on the changes in DTSQ treatment satisfaction scores. Improvement in mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline (7.7%) to 36 months (7.1%) was associated with positive changes in the DTSQ treatment satisfaction score (P = 0.0003).

Conclusion

Changes in DTSQ treatment satisfaction scores were related to HbA1c improvement, suggesting that the management strategy was appropriately planned for each patient. The results also suggest that the availability of social support for patients with T2DM who are elderly or living alone may be an important factor affecting treatment satisfaction, adherence, and clinical outcomes.
Starships and Slave Ships
Authors: Moore Jonathan Jacob
Published: July 2022

Evidence suggests that the UFO/alien abduction phenomenon is exclusively experienced by white people in the United States. But while scholars have probed abductee narratives to surface political and symbolic anxieties for decades, none have thought of the phenomenon’s whiteness alongside the archival absence of Black abductees. Using abductee accounts, interdisciplinary studies of the UFO abduction phenomena, and critiques of Black subjectivity, this article attends to the ontological anxieties that permeate UFO abduction narratives and their choreographic resonance with the psychosomatics of Black life. This article begins by examining the exceptional narrative of Barney Hill, America’s first and thus far only popular Black abductee. Then it brings into focus UFOlogy’s aporetic negation of racial subjectivity and suggests that the UFO abduction phenomenon is, a posteriori, inaccessible to the Black nonsubject. Finally, it returns to Hill’s experience and offers speculative implications of a libidinal relationship between the starship’s technics and the slave ship’s terror.
The appressorium at a glance
Authors: Ryder Lauren S. , Cruz-Mireles Neftaly , Molinari Camilla , Eisermann Iris , Eseola Alice B. , Talbot Nicholas J.
Published: July 2022

Many plant pathogenic fungi have the capacity to infect their plant hosts using specialised cells called appressoria. These structures act as a gateway between the fungus and host, allowing entry to internal tissues. Appressoria apply enormous physical force to rupture the plant surface, or use a battery of enzymes to digest the cuticle and plant cell wall. Appressoria also facilitate focal secretion of effectors at the point of plant infection to suppress plant immunity. These infection cells develop in response to the physical characteristics of the leaf surface, starvation stress and signals from the plant. Appressorium morphogenesis has been linked to septin-mediated reorganisation of F-actin and microtubule networks of the cytoskeleton, and remodelling of the fungal cell wall. In this Cell Science at a Glance and accompanying poster, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of appressorium-mediated infection, and compare development on the leaf surface to the biology of invasive growth by pathogenic fungi. Finally, we outline key gaps in our current knowledge of appressorium cell biology.
Multidisciplinary management of spinal metastases: what the radiologist needs to know
Authors: Bahouth Sarah M , Yeboa Debra N , Ghia Amol J , Tatsui Claudio E , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher A , Beckham Thomas H , Bishio Andrew J , Li Jing , McAleer Mary Frances , North Robert Y , Rhines Laurence D , Swanson Todd A , Chenyang Wang , Amini Behrang
Published: July 2022

The modern management of spinal metastases requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes radiation oncologists, surgeons, medical oncologists, and diagnostic and interventional radiologists. The diagnostic radiologist can play an important role in the multidisciplinary team and help guide assessment of disease and selection of appropriate therapy. The assessment of spine metastases is best performed on MRI, but imaging from other modalities is often needed. We provide a review of the clinical and imaging features that are needed by the multidisciplinary team caring for patients with spine metastases and stress the importance of the spine radiologist taking responsibility for synthesizing imaging features across multiple modalities to provide a report that advances patient care.
Thermal ablation of the most challenging cases of liver metastases
Authors: de Baere Thierry , Kobe Adrain , Tselikas Lambros , Dioguardi Marco , Varin Eloi , Deschamps Frederic
Published: July 2022

Patient selection for image-guided thermal ablation of liver metastases has to be taken in a multidisciplinary tumor board given the extreme complexity of cancer metastatic disease, and the numerous treatment options offered to oligometastatic patient today.

The role of image-guided thermal ablation increases over years in the treatment of liver metastases. In order to fulfill the expected outcomes which are to have a local control rate equivalent to surgery, interventional oncologist have to take every measure that will help when treating most challenging metastases including image guidance, anesthesia, respiration monitoring, ablation technique, confirmation software that can favor positive outcomes, and in some way to render challenging metastases easy to treat.
Μελέτη της καμπυλοβακτηρίασης σε χοίρους στην Ελλάδα
Authors: Παπαδόπουλος Δημήτριος
Published: July 2022

Το γένος Campylobacter περιλαμβάνει μια ανομοιόμορφη ομάδα Gram(-), μικροαερόφιλων ή προαιρετικά αναερόβιων βακτηρίων. Ως και σήμερα το γένος Campylobacter περιλαμβάνει είκοσι επτά (27) είδη και οκτώ (8) υποείδη.Παρότι στους χοίρους η λοίμωξη από Campylobacter δεν σχετίζεται με την εκδήλωση σοβαρής νόσου, με εξαίρεση ίσως στα νεογέννητα χοιρίδια θεωρείται σημαντικός κίνδυνος για τη Δημόσια Υγεία και ένα από τα σημαντικότερα παθογόνα που μπορούν να μεταδοθούν μέσω της τροφικής αλυσίδας. Επιπλέον, ιδιαίτερα σημαντική για τη Δημόσια Υγεία είναι και η αντοχή του στα αντιβιοτικά και ιδιαίτερα στις κινολόνες και τις μακρολίδες.Στο πρώτο μέρος της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής συλλέχθηκαν δείγματα από 20 εκτροφές συνολικής δυναμικότητας 12.540 συών που αντιστοιχούν περίπου στο 11,8% του συνολικού παραγωγικού δυναμικού της χώρας σε σύες. Από κάθε εκτροφή λαμβάνονταν δείγματα από 5 ηλικιακές ομάδες, περιβαλλοντικά δείγματα από τον χώρο των εκτροφών και από τους βιολογικούς καθαρισμούς. Συνολικά ελήφθησαν 1.000 δείγματα από κλινικά υγιής χοίρους, 80 από το περιβάλλον των εκτροφών και 20 από λύματα πριν την είσοδο στον βιολογικό καθαρισμό. Σε 16 από τις 20 εκτροφές απομονώθηκαν είδη του γένους Campylobacter τόσο από χοίρους όσο και από το περιβάλλον και τα λύματα. Από τα δείγματα απομονώθηκαν και ταυτοποιήθηκαν είδη του γένους Campylobacter. O επιπολασμός για το C. coli ήταν 38%, ενώ για το C. jejuni 10,9%. Όλα τα στελέχη που απομονώθηκαν από χοίρους εξετάστηκαν ως προς την αντοχή τους σε 5 κατηγορίες αντιβιοτικών (κινολόνες, μακρολίδες, καρβαπενέμες, αμινογλυκοσίδες και τετρακυκλίνες), με την μέθοδο της ελάχιστης ανασταλτικής συγκέντρωσης σε άγαρ (MIC, agar dilution method). Από τα στελέχη που απομονώθηκαν συνολικά 200 (100 C. coli και 100 C. jejuni), εξετάστηκαν με την αλυσιδωτή αντίδραση της πολυμεράσης (PCR), προκειμένου να διαπιστωθούν οι μοριακοί μηχανισμοί αντοχής των απομονωθέντων στελεχών. Τέλος, 285 στελέχη (187 C. coli και 98 C. jejuni), τυποποιήθηκαν μοριακά με τη μέθοδο της ηλεκτροφόρησης σε παλλόμενο ηλεκτρικό πεδίο (PFGE). Για τα στελέχη C. coli προέκυψαν 67 διαφορετικοί παλσότυποι, για το C. jejuni 45 αντίστοιχα ενώ και τα δύο είδη παρουσίασαν πολύ υψηλό βαθμό ετερογένειας.Στο δεύτερο μέρος της έρευνας, έγινε ειδική επιδημιολογική διερεύνηση των αλληλεπιδράσεων της ύπαρξης Campylobacter spp. με μέτρα βιοασφάλειας εκτροφών χοίρων στην Ελλάδα με τη χρήση προηγμένων μεθόδων της Εφαρμοσμένης Στατιστικής και συγκεκριμένα της Παραγοντικής Ανάλυσης των Αντιστοιχιών (AFC) και της Ανιούσας Ιεραρχικής Ταξινόμησης (CAH). Οι συγκεκριμένες μέθοδοι διερευνούν, ταυτόχρονα, τις αλληλεξαρτήσεις και αλληλεπιδράσεις όλων των στοιχείων του φαινομένου και αναδεικνύουν τις επικρατέστερες και ουσιαστικότερες τάσεις της δομής του. Με τη βοήθεια των παραπάνω μεθόδων και την παρουσία ή απουσία Campylobacter, οι εκτροφές ομαδοποιήθηκαν σε δύο βασικές κατηγορίες: σε εκτροφές ανεπαρκούς βιασφάλειας και σε εκτροφές επαρκούς βιοασφάλειας με ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά για την κάθε μια κατηγορία.
Issues of prosperity
Authors: Σαργέντης Γεώργιος-Φοίβος
Published: July 2022

Η εργασία αυτή περιγράφει ως θεμελιώδεις τις παρακάτω παραμέτρους κοινωνικής ευημερίας. a)Η βάση της ευημερίας είναι το πλέγμα νερού, ενέργειας και τροφίμων. b)Η εξωτερική μορφολογία της κοινωνίας περιγράφεται από:•Την αναπτυξιακή δυναμική των συσσωματωμάτων που οδηγεί σε οικονομίες κλίμακας.•Την προστατευτική δυναμική της διασποράς.c)Η εσωτερική δομή της κοινωνίας περιγράφεται από την κοινωνική διαστρωμάτωση (κατανομή του πλούτου), η μορφή της οποίας είναι ουσιώδες κριτήριο της κοινωνικής ευημερίας και ποσοτικοποιείται μέσω της εντροπίας. d)Πολιτισμικές παράμετροι όπως η αισθητική του τοπίου, είναι πλέον δυνατόν να ποσοτικοποιηθούν σε μια ολιστική προσέγγιση με τα στοχαστικά εργαλεία που αναπτύχθηκαν.Η ποσοτικοποίηση με στοχαστικές μεθόδους που αναπτύχθηκαν των παραπάνω παραμέτρων που αποτελούν τη βάση για την κοινωνική ευημερία, αποτελούν την πρωτοτυπία της εργασίας. Η επεξεργασία των δεδομένων οδηγεί στο γενικό συμπέρασμα ότι: Υπάρχουν ποικίλες συλλογικές φαντασιώσεις (με επιστημονικό περίβλημα) που επικρατούν, οι οποίες δεν υπακούν στον ορθολογισμό, με αποτέλεσμα η ευημερία να διακυβεύεται. Ως εκ τούτου, ο ορθολογισμός είναι προϋπόθεση της ευημερίας.
Applicability of open science practices to completed research projects from different disciplines and research paradigms
Authors: Schneider Jürgen
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this data collection was to uncover the extent to which communities have emerged that cultivate a shared understanding of open science. In a cross-sectional survey, we assessed the applicability of 13 open science practices over different disciplines and research paradigms. Focusing on completed research projects, participants were able to draw informed evaluations concerning the applicability of open science practices. The total sample is N=295 researchers, with approximately equal numbers from six broad disciplines (between 42 and 52 participants per discipline). The survey included an attention check.
Modern Lesson: Teacher and Student
Authors: Frolova Svetlana , Nechaev Mikhail
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of finding resources for the development of a modern lesson in the context of the implementation of the federal project «Teacher of the Future» and the certification procedure for teaching staff. The shortcomings that have developed in the practice of conducting lessons under the traditional system of education are revealed. The content and technology of the pedagogical council on the topic "Resources for the development of a modern lesson" are considered.
Career Guidance Guidelines for Gifted Children in the System of Additional Education (on the Example of the Center for Aesthetic Education of Odintsovo)
Authors: Shtan'ko I.
Published: July 2022

The article presents a system of work with gifted children in the artistic orientation of additional education, reveals the model of the "Socio-cultural space of success" developed at the academic site of the Academy of Social Management, consistently presents the structure, areas of activity and stages of work on the construction of the model.
Readiness of Philology Students for Aesthetic Education of Schoolchildren: Diagnostic Aspect
Authors: Eshkina N.
Published: July 2022

This article is devoted to the diagnosis of the readiness of future teachers of the Russian language for the aesthetic education of schoolchildren. The results of the diagnostic study are presented: the components of readiness (personal, cognitive, activity), their criteria and indicators are described, diagrams are given by the levels of formation of these components, typological groups are identified, explanations are given on the main directions of effective preparation of various typological groups of future teachers of the Russian language for the aesthetic education of schoolchildren.
Wróżki i zacofanie irlandzkich chłopów w świetle wybranych dziewiętnastowiecznych dzienników z podróży
Authors: Hamera Paweł
Published: July 2022

THE ROLE OF FAIRIES IN THE LIVES OF IRISH PEASANTS AND THEIR DEPICTION IN SELECTED NINETEENTH-CENTURY TRAVELOGUES

Life in the nineteenth-century Irish countryside was not easy. Irish peasants lived in abject poverty and struggled to make ends meet. They consumed almost only potatoes and famines occurred regularly. Peasants often blamed their hardships on fairies, whose various races were supposed to inhabit Ireland. Tales about fairies were very popular among travelers who visited Ireland in the nineteenth century and subsequently published books about their travels there. They often highlighted the role of magic in daily activities of the Irish. The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of fairies in the lives of Irish peasants and argue that by underlining the attachment of the Irish to magical creatures, travelers underscored the backwardness of Irish peasants and propagated negative stereotypes about the inhabitants of the Emerald Isle.
Franco’s Choice: The Reevaluation of Spain’s Neutrality and Non-Belligerence During the Second World War
Authors: Lénárt András
Published: July 2022

General Francisco Franco established his dictatorship in Spain in 1939 after winning the Civil War fought against the democratic Republican government. The same year, the Second World War broke out. The Caudillo wanted his country to remain neutral, but Spain soon moved forward to the status of non-belligerence: Franco backed Mussolini and Hitler on the level of propaganda, and he also sent voluntary troops to help the Germans, although he also maintained relations with the Allies. Later, the country returned to the status of neutrality. The aim of my article is to highlight the main features of the Spanish attitude and the government’s diplomatic maneuvers between the Axis powers and the Allies, paying special attention to Franco’s possibilities and doubts.
Regulation with Experimentation: Ex Ante Approval, Ex Post Withdrawal, and Liability
Authors: Henry Emeric , Loseto Marco , Ottaviani Marco
Published: July 2022

We analyze the optimal mix of ex ante experimentation and ex post learning for the dynamic adoption of activities with uncertain payoffs in a two-phase model of information diffusion. In a first preintroduction phase, costly experimentation is undertaken to decide whether to adopt an activity or abandon experimentation. In a second stage following adoption, learning can continue possibly at a different pace while the activity remains in place; the withdrawal option is exercised following the accumulation of sufficiently bad news. We compare from a law and economics perspective the performance of three regulatory frameworks commonly adopted to govern private experimentation and adoption incentives: liability, withdrawal, and authorization regulation. Liability should be preempted to avoid chilling of activities that generate large positive externalities consistent with the preemption doctrine. Liability should be used to discourage excessive experimentation for activities that generate small positive externalities. Authorization regulation should be lenient whenever it is used consistent with the organization of regulation in a number of areas, ranging from product safety to antitrust.

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Sports Activity as One of the Components in the Professional Training of Law Enforcement Officers and Departments of Ukraine
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Shynkarov Serhii , Gordienko Pavlo ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Kovalev Maksym ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the study is determined by the growing demands on the level of physical training of law enforcement officers in today's conditions. The importance of our intelligence is also due to the need for specialists in law enforcement agencies and departments that have a high level of physical training and are able to protect citizens; the need to adjust the content of professional and applied physical training. The article presents theoretical and methodological principles of applied sports activities in law enforcement agencies and departments. The state of elaboration of the problem in the modern scientific and methodological literature is studied. The level of physical fitness in law enforcement agencies and departments is highlighted; stages of sports training are considered; the purpose and objectives of sports training; general concepts and nature of the load; developed additional exercises for the application of sports activities in law enforcement agencies and departments.
The Use of Non-Standard Equipment in the Process of Physical Training
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Zubchenko Liudmyla , Golik Volodymyr ,   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs
Published: July 2022

The article focuses on the issues of physical training of cadets – future employees of the National Police of Ukraine. The aim of the article is to determine the appropriateness of the use of elements of using elements of fitness (TRX functional loops) to increase the level of physical activity and improve the process of physical training of future law enforcement officers of the National Police of Ukraine. That is why training sessions with the help of functional loops provide advantages over the traditional form of training for the development of strength endurance of future law enforcement officers. The TRX program is associated with the concept of «functional training». The principle of functional training is to promote the development of those who are engaged in the ability to use rationally and effectively their physical abilities to solve specific motor problems by mastering motor stereotypes of a particular activity. The main emphasis in functional training is on the ability to perform movements with optimal amplitude in conditions that are constantly changing, due to the influence of external forces affect the body at the time of changing its position. The program of physical training classes for cadets with the help of functional loops TRX includes a significant arsenal of basic exercises and almost unlimited number of modifications and combinations and provides the opportunity to choose the necessary movements based on tasks for each lesson and level of physical fitness. For the development of strength and power endurance are often used sets of exercises that involve the main muscle groups of cadets. It is proved that the inclusion in the curriculum of physical training of cadets the complexes of exercises with the help of functional loops TRX, firstly, increased their efficiency, made it possible to interest cadet youth in the joint motor activities, regular physical exercises, and secondly increased interest in individual classes.
Using of Cloud Technologies of Education in Professional Preparation in Educational Institutions
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi Institute of Social Technologies of University ", Luchko Yuliia ,   Ukraine"
Published: July 2022

Using cloud technologies in education is one of the factors of development of creative potential and digital competence of students through the using of informative-communicative technologies. Technologies of processing information have undergone great changes with spreading of the Internet network. One of the modern and effective instruments for the decision of tasks of digitalization of educational process are cloud services, the main advantage of which is the absence of expenses, connected with buying, installing and technical support of proper software. Herewith, the great part of software products, used by cloud technologies, is free of charge or spread with great discounts for educational institutions. Using of cloud technologies for the professional preparation of students in the institutions of higher education gives a possibility to do qualitative preparation of competitive specialist. Implementation of different in educational processes gives an impetus to the increasing of informative- communicative competence of students, to understanding of effective directions of development of future profession and creates conditions for wide implementation of cloud technologies. Cloud technologies of study in professional preparation in institutions of higher education give a number of advantages: saving of finances for buying software; reduction of necessity of specialized accommodations; executing of different kinds of studying work, control and evaluation online; saving of disc space; anti-virus, ad-free, anti-hacker safety and openness of educational environment for teachers and students. Besides, the work of computer network in the educational institution is becoming simpler. It is gradually removed functions of storage informational resources and providing its safety.
Possibilities of Correction of Psychoemotional State of Children with Myopia by Means of Swimming
Authors:   National University ", Heta Alla ,   Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic", Vyshar Yevheniia ,   Poltava Institute of Economics and Law, Ostapov Andrian ,   National University "Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic"
Published: July 2022

Children's low vision is one of the world's pressing health problems. The problem of myopia is due to its prevalence among different groups of the population, the high incidence of young people. Myopia is one of the main causes of myopia and disability in patients of this nosological group, which occupies a leading place among human visual pathologies. The article considers the possibilities of correcting the psycho-emotional state of children with myopia by swimming, the study of the impact of these tools on the psycho-emotional state of students with myopia (development of methods for correcting psycho-emotional state, which promotes proper use of exercise in classes with children with myopia). The main theoretical problem of corrective swimming of children with myopia was to substantiate the specifics of the content, means and methods of corrective action, which, in contrast to general didactic principles of teaching, based on understanding the structure of the primary defect and the peculiarity of development of visual impairment in order to increase the psycho-emotional state of visually impaired children of primary school age. The need for corrective work in the process of swimming was confirmed throughout the study. The process of teaching swimming to children with myopia, which depended on a number of conditions (creating comfort for visual functions, correct construction of training taking into account the characteristics of children with myopia, individual-differentiated approach, providing a positive emotional attitude to classes, taking into account the child's health) development of physical, psychomotor and intellectual abilities of children and adjusted a number of psychohygienic and psychophysical processes, as well as provided a high level of physical and mental health of children with myopia.
Stimulation of professionally oriented motivation based on personality-oriented environment in future physical education teachers to coach activities in game sports
Authors:   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Sopotnytska Olena , Kotova Olena ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the research of the problem of professionally oriented motivation based on personality – oriented environment of future physical education teachers to coaching activities in game sports. The aim of the article is to reveal the features of the training process of future physical education teachers to coaching, in particular to justify the professionally oriented motivation based on a person-centered environment creation. Based on theoretical research the concept of motivation is revealed, groups of external and internal motives are described. Practical tasks for the development of the ability to operational analysis have been developed and implemented. Practical materials have been developed to create a personality – oriented educational environment based on professionally oriented motivation for playing sports, namely the general aspects of the philosophy of «fair play», the algorithm of coach behavior with team players. Consequently, professional orientation motivates the choice of profession and provides self-affirmation and maximum professional realization in the profession. Personally oriented educational environment based on professional motivation for playing sports contributed to the development of students positive internal motivation for self-education, self-development, self-knowledge, in playing sports, which significantly expanded the motivational and holistic range of professional orientation.
The importance of exercise in the older person: motivational interviewing advice for nurses and other healthcare staff
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: July 2022

The importance of exercise for health and wellbeing in the older person is well documented. Physical exercise also plays a part in falls prevention, thus reducing fear of injury when exercising. Motivational interviewing should be assertive and kind, and consider the provision of appropriately trained staff members, convenient fitness facilities and cost. Facilitators and barriers affect an older person's motivation to engage in physical exercise. Barriers include cost, physical barriers, fear of injury, low motivation, dislike of exercise, locality of the service and more. Research is examined to discuss the subjects of motivational interviewing, facilitators to exercise, barriers to exercise and ways to overcome these.
Rare health conditions 60: mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes; Aicardi syndrome; monkeypox; and Ogilvie syndrome
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this series is to briefly highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than one person in every 2000. Many healthcare assistants (HCAs) and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of them. This 60th article will briefly explore four of these conditions: mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes; Aicardi syndrome; monkeypox; and Ogilvie syndrome.
Improving patient communication through the duty of candour and shared decision-making
Authors: Tingle John
Published: July 2022

John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses some recent reports on the duty of candour and shared decision-making
Nurses’ knowledge and experiences of peripheral intravenous catheter insertion at a tertiary paediatric health centre
Authors: Karaoğlan Nalan , Çatikoğlu Aslı , Yıldırım Sarı Hatice , Devrim İlker
Published: July 2022

Aim:

The aim of the study was to determine paediatric nurses’ knowledge and experiences of PIVC insertion.

Method:

In this cross-sectional study, nurses working in a paediatric hospital in Izmir, Türkiye, between May and September 2019 were included (225; 67.4%). A PIVC knowledge and experience form, and a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire were used to collect data.

Results:

Nurses most often inserted the PIVC on the dorsum of the hand (83.1%). Their choice of vein was influenced by the condition of the patient's veins (91.1%), medications (72%) and the patient's activity status (70.2%). The most preferred PIVC size was 24 gauge (98.2%), and the most frequently used cannula was a short peripheral cannula (96.9%). To clean the insertion site of the cannula, 93.8% of the nurses used 70% alcohol. Distractions used while inserting the PIVC were: letting the child play with a toy (51.1%), having the child sit on the mother's lap (45.8%), letting the child watch cartoons (45.3%), and administering oral sucrose (43.6%). Of the nurses, 69.3% attached a split septum/vein valve to the PIVC insertion site, and 82.2% cleaned the split septum/vein valve with 70% alcohol and waited until it dried before administering the medication. Some 79.6% secured the cannula with a hypoallergenic nonwoven adhesive fixation tape bandage. Some 94.7% performed catheter flushing for control after inserting PIVCs, 93.8% performed catheter flushing before IV fluid treatment, 89.8% flushed the catheter before drug administration through the bolus method, 53.3% flushed the PIVC catheter with a slow technique and 42.2% flushed it with an intermittent technique.

Conclusion:

The nurses generally acted in accordance with Infusion Nurses Society (2016) guidance. It would be helpful if the hospital developed algorithms that include standards to prevent and manage PIVC insertions and complications.
Uncovering Ankylosing Spondylitis from a Diagnosis of Parsonage-Turner Syndrome: A Case Report of Bilateral Shoulder Pain and Weakness
Authors: Clark Sean C , Courseault Jacques , O’Brien Michael J
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Parsonage-Turner syndrome is a rare condition that is often misdiagnosed by physicians due to the overlapping symptoms with other conditions such as rotator cuff injury and cervical radiculopathy. The etiology of the Parsonage-Turner syndrome is unknown, but has been associated with an immune-mediated response to rheumatic disease, infection, surgery, and immunizations. Case Presentation: A 18-year-old female former tennis player with a history of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), Ehler-Danlos syndrome (EDS), and two prior right shoulder surgeries presented to the orthopaedic clinic with bilateral shoulder pain. After a third surgery on the right shoulder, the patient later developed constant burning and sharp pain around the right shoulder that radiated toward the chest. She also experienced numbness, tingling, and weakness in the right shoulder along with pain and weakness in the left shoulder. The patient was tender over the right musculocutaneous nerve and both shoulders were inflamed on ultrasound. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies were performed, which were consistent with a bilateral subacute on chronic brachial plexopathy, suggestive of Parsonage-Turner syndrome. Rheumatology was consulted due to an extensive family history of autoimmune diseases, leading to an additional diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. The patient’s bilateral shoulder pain slowly improved over the following year with physical therapy and prolotherapy treatments. Conclusion: The case described, herein, represents a unique patient who presents with the rare conditions of ankylosing spondylitis, CRPS, EDS, and Parsonage-Turner syndrome. EMG was critical to differentiate Parsonage-Turner syndrome from the overlapping CRPS symptoms and without this, the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis may have been delayed. It is imperative physicians take a thorough history, include uncommon or rare conditions as a potential diagnosis, and undergo thorough testing while evaluating a patient to avoid unnecessary treatment therapies and patient dissatisfaction. Keywords: Parsonage-Turner syndrome, Ankylosing spondylitis, Ehler-Danlos syndrome, Complex regional pain syndrome.