bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interior as a Scene in the Depictions of French Illustrators of Racine’s Works in the 18th Century: A Comparative Aspect
Authors:   Ural State University of Architecture and Art named by N. S. Alferov, Borshch Elena V.
Published: July 2023

French literary illustration of the 18th century is studied from the point of view of depicting an interior as a locale. The problem of the influence of literary and visual sources on the formation of the image of an interior is studied through several series of illustrations for Racine’s Works in 18th century editions. The main sources of comparative research are the illustrations for J. Racine’s Berenice, engraved from drawings by French artists L. Cheron (1723), L.-F. Dubourg (1743), J. de Sève (1760), H.-F. Gravelot (1768), J.-J.-F. Lebarbier (1796). Reading Racine’s Berenice in French and Russian, reading critical works about “Racine’s space” helps to understand the image of locale in the playwright’s version. The events of Racine’s Berenice take place in the confined space of an ancient Roman palace. The author modernizes the locale, using the concepts of the French noble interior of his time — “cabinet”, “apartments”. The description of the scene has a minimum of detail, is contradictory and insufficient for literal depictions. The artists, following the example of the playwright, interpreted the scene in the spirit of modernity, but changed and supplemented the main and secondary details. As a rule, they depicted the reception area of the ceremonial apartments and accurately conveyed the styles of interior decoration (Grand style, Transition style, Neoclassicism, Directory style). The artists explained the episode and the play as a whole by means of compositional tools that had a wide semantic range. Comparison the illustrations among themselves and comparison the book engravings with architectural engravings shows the continuity of the artistic tradition and adherence to the academic rules of working with depiction. The artists repeated the compositions of similar illustrations and quoted the interior design projects of the 17th–18th centuries. The image of a locale in the illustration was directly dependent on visual sources, and not on the text. The method of depicting an interior in the illustrations was based on selective and arbitrary reflection of the text, actualizing the appearance of a locale, using the semantics of details and partial copying of samples.
From the History of the Formation of the European Doctrine of Protection and Restoration of Monuments at the End of the 18th — 19th Century (for Example, Marienburg Castle)
Authors:   Czestochowa University of Technology, Kazhar Nina V. , Zadworny Mariusz ,   Czestochowa University of Technology, Sołkiewicz-Kos Nina ,   Czestochowa University of Technology
Published: July 2023

The article examines new facts about the beginning of the formation of the European (primarily German) doctrine of the protection of monuments, which also laid the foundations of the modern Polish theory and practice of preserving the architectural heritage and scientific restoration. The role of the aesthetics of romanticism in the formation of historicism and awareness of the importance of cultural heritage is shown. The history of the development of the theoretical, systemic and legal basis for the protection of monuments, based on a new assessment of their role in the formation of the culture of the nation, is presented. The role of the memorandum “Preservation of all monuments and antiquities of our country” (1815) by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in the preservation of German architectural monuments was noted. The authorship of the drawings of Marienburg in 1794 is proved. Evidence is given that he was Friedrich Gilly (1748–1808), i. e. Gilly-a son. It is noted, that the exhibition of these drawings at the Berlin Academy of Arts (1795) played an important role in re-evaluating the culture of the Middle Ages during the period of the “conflict” of the ideas of the Enlightenment and Romanticism at the turn of the 18th–19th centuries (“about 1800”). On the example of the history of the “restoration” of the Marienburg castle (today Malbork) the change in the methods of restoration of the 19th century is shown, the contribution of famous cultural figures and leading architects to the organization and conduct of restoration work is noted.
The Pragmatics of Romanticism. Edmund Burke as Art Theorist
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Rykov Anatoly V.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the pragmatic aspects of Edmund Burke’s theory of art. The author identifies pragmatic components in the works of the British philosopher of various genres. The emphasis is on the interdisciplinary nature of Burke’s theory of art, which included artistic, psychological and political dimensions. The pragmatic dimension of Burke’s thought opens up a new field of research in the field of romantic aesthetics and art theory. The pragmatic romanticism of the British thinker complements our ideas about classical and modern art. His ideas shed new light on the development of Western European art from Baroque and classicism to avant-garde and postmodernism. At the same time, the problems of aesthetics, as well as the problems of power, are considered by Burke in a “psychoanalytic” and semiotic way, that is, without evaluation, and romantic special effects are subjected to objective analysis both in literature and art, and in politics. The pragmatic dimension allows us to redefine the role of Burke as the true founder of scientific art studies, who anticipated the most modern methods of analyzing artistic processes. The physiological, natural-scientific connotations of Burke’s work are also studied in the context of pragmatic strategies, as opposed to idealistic interpretations of the romantic theory of art.
Reproduction Technology. From Replica to Brand
Authors:   Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, Averyanova Olga N.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the works by the French artist of American origin Man Ray. The objects of the first New York period were studied, later they repeatedly have been reproduced by the author. We consider prints of non-preserved objects as the author’s version of a photographic readymade. Reproductions and replications have become an important part of the artist’s strategy in Paris and especially in America. These practices represent an example of the branding technology traditionally associated with Andy Warhol. Man Ray invented it long before the commercialization of pop art. The idea as the main artistic value, regardless of the method of its implementation and originality, becomes not only the basis of conceptual art, but also the quintessence of the phenomenon that we call an art brand. We define it as an ideology that includes the characteristics of the artist’s personality, his work and general strategies, including the marketing ones. Ray’s experiments as a modernist, artist and photographer significantly expanded the spectrum of theoretical and practical issues related to the relationship between art and commerce in an era when the aesthetic value of a work depended not only on the conditions and on circumstances of the order, but on the novelty and radicality — the time when the experiments have being absolutized. In the avant-garde, this criterion has become an indicator of the artist’s talent and success. If we define a brand as a mental cover of a product, then the application of this term to a work of art is quite justified, especially since the 20th century approved the priority of design methods of creativity, the cognitive value of an artwork became more important than the retinal one. The artist required a certain amount of ingenuity to remain a radical and be part of the market system, transforming the symbolic value of his work into an economic one. Seeming independence from the artistic conjuncture turned into a skillful balancing act between creativity and commerce.
‘Artistic Text’ in the Artworks of V.E.Makovsky: Rhetorical Figures and Visual Tropes
Authors:   HSE University, Afanaseva Irina A.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of visual semantics in the artworks of the famous artist Vladimir Makovsky (1846–1920). This painter entered the history of Russian art as an outstanding master of “small genre”, the author of a short, fascinating story in painting. It is no coincidence that the contemporaries compared the characters in V. Makovsky’s paintings with the heroes of N. Gogol’s, I. Turgenev’s, A. Ostrovsky’s, L. Tolstoy’s, M. Gorky’s, A. Chekhov’s works. The author makes an attempt of interdisciplinary research, analyzing the “Artistic text” in V.Makovsky’s paintings in the aspect of philological problems, using the appropriate methodology and terminology, as well as touching upon the issues of psychological perception and comprehension of his works of art. The article draws parallels between the rhetorical figures (antithesis, comparison, metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole) and the visual tropes in V.Makovsky’s paintings and, using specific examples, examines the role of the psychological landscape, quotation, artistic detail, mirror, observer’s position, the techniques of “story in a story” (“picture in a picture”) in painting. Language — a cultural code — performs two formally opposite functions: on the one hand, it preserves and reproduces traditions, and on the other, it provides dynamics through creative innovation. Verbal language affects the viewer gradually in time, with a clear sequence of language elements, visual language affects the viewer one-step and complex. It is argued that in V. Makovsky’s artworks there is an intense penetration of techniques and image-associative references associated with literary tradition. The means of artistic expression in literature and in visual arts reflect the action of general mental operators associated with creation and transformation activities.
Tapestry Art in Buryatia: Experience and Perspectives
Authors:   East-Siberian State Institute of Culture, Zhambaeva Tuyana I.
Published: July 2023

The article presents the main stages in the development of tapestry in Buryatia, from the establishment of this form of art based on weaving of nap-free Buryat taara carpets in the 19th–20th centuries, to the formation of the tapestry school in this region. The consideration of the art of tapestry in Buryatia in the context of events and trends in the decorative applied art of Buryatia in the 20th–21st centuries is connected with such issues as the entry of folk artistic traditions into the system of socialist realism, the process of revival of national identity, the author’s creativity in the field of tapestry weaving. The consideration of the stated topic of the article made it possible to summarize the available information and present a more integral picture of the development and current state of this form of decorative applied art of Buryatia as tapestry, as well as to introduce new material about the work of tapestry masters at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, to consider the significance of the tapestry art in Buryatia in the synthesis of tradition and innovation. The characteristic features of the regional school of tapestry are determined by the specificity of themes and plots, the semantics of the motives of the Buryat ornament, the original author’s style of weaving and the transfer of weaving experience from generation to generation. Furthermore, the originality of the tapestry of Buryatia is connected with the use of horsehair, sarlik hair in the technique of classical weaving. At the same time, in the process of weaving, the natural shades of the hair are preserved, which endow the woven product with a subtle color palette. The attention is paid to transfer of the experience of horsehair weaving to the younger generation. For illustrative purposes, the educational institutions in the Republic of Buryatia, in which the “Tapestry” discipline is taught. In general, the role of educational institutions in the popularization of this form of art is highlighted.
New Perspectives on Studying Art of the Baltic Region in the 10th–12th Centuries: The Issue of Artistic Interaction between Scandinavia and Ancient Rus’
Authors:   St. Petersburg Stieglitz State Academy of Art and Design, Tochilova Nadezhda N.
Published: July 2023

The aim of this research is to study the development of Scandinavian art outside of Scandinavia. The main attention is focused on the process of influence of the Borre style elementon the applied art development in North-West Russia of the 10th–12th centuries. The main sources of artistical influence should be not Scandinavia, but the territory of distribution of Scandinavian art, in particular, Pomerania and the British Isles. The stylistic analysis revelates the use of identical elements of decor, where the main place have the highly simplified Borre style motifs (chains and scale motifs), supplemented by a double contour and hatching. It is possible to trace the process of Borre’s assimilation using carved wooden artefacts from Novgorod the Great. Development of this art in the 10th century was influenced by the art of Viking Age. The preservation of these stylistic features can be traced in Novgorod art up to and including the 12th century. One of the actual problems of this phenomenon is the analysis of the decorative schemes and the appearance of the main visual elements.
Philosophical Analysis of the Prospects of Higher Education
Authors:   Abylai Khan Kazakh University of International Relations and Foreign Languages, Ashilova Madina S. , Begalinov Alibek S. ,   International Information Technology University, Begalinova Kalimash K. ,   Al Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: July 2023

The role of universities under the influence of the massification of higher education, the development of the educational market and globalization is rapidly changing. In foresight research, the ideas of the future of the university range from the traditional model, in which universities continue to develop a full and critically thinking personality, to the idea of complete oblivion of universities, thrown overboard of history by massive online courses. At present, the main ideas of universities are in sharp conflict with each other. The conflict can lead either to the synthesis of ideas and the development of an updated model, or to the complete degradation of universities and their disappearance from human life. What are the prospects for higher education we take as the main goal of our research. The main methods of this foresight research are a descriptive method of future scenarios for the development of universities, as well as a philosophical analysis of each of the presented ideas of universities. The results provide an overview of the research literature, a description of the main models of universities, and a philosophical analysis of these models. The red line in the works of modern researchers is the idea of whether the modern university can transform, continue to fulfill its high social mission, move away from the market and break with neoliberal ambitions. At the same time, specialists offer their recipes for reforming universities, most of which consist in returning the lost humanistic, fundamental, spiritual foundations to higher education. This study will complement ideas about the future of higher education, the transformation of universities under the influence of globalization, market capitalism, and other factors. Its results will be useful to teachers of higher educational institutions, philosophers of education and everyone who is interested in the problems of higher education.
Jonáš Záborský — ethical-philosophical thoughts
Authors:   University of Presov, Kalajtzidis Ján
Published: July 2023

The main aim of the submitted paper is to present the relationship of Jonáš Záborský to philosophy, religion and to everyday ethical-social issues. All these aspects are closely interconnected in his work. Even though Záborský stood aside from the main Slovak national movement of the 19th century, his work is intrinsically linked to the struggle associated with this turbulent period of Slovak history. Záborský is described by many authors as the most prominent figure on the field of morality during the 19th century in our cultural space. Such affirmative judgement is mostly based on his work ‘The Wisdom of Life in Temple Speech’. This work is used to examine the aims of the presented paper. Although it is impossible to characterize his relationship to philosophy and the connection between philosophy and religion explicitly, the present paper describes changes in this field during his life. At the same time, the paper presents the practicality of Záborský’s thinking. We demonstrate his struggle and effort to help his nation and to help common people through education and day-to-day work. In this context, the article briefly presents his (moral) attitudes towards such issues as work, usury, lending, and justice. In the context of these social issues with strong moral connotation, the present paper shows how Záborský’s life attitude connects love for the nation with the necessity of education. At the same time, the paper uses these issues as an example to demonstrate how, in Záborský’s understanding, material improvement can be connected to moral improvement.
Ethical dilemma of economic sanctions as an external threat
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Belozyorov Sergey A. , Sokolovska Elena ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: July 2023

The article aims to identify the current approaches that enable to resolve the ethical dilemma of economic sanctions, treated as a contradiction between the goals and consequences of imposing sanctions as an alternative to war and an instrument of an external threat. We consider the standard definition of economic sanctions as restrictions imposed by sender state, associated with worsening of current economic conditions in target country, aimed to force the ruling regime of the latter to change its domestic political course and/or foreign policy. The research methods include general scientific methods, comparative historical analysis and cross-country comparative analysis; elements of political and legal analysis; systematic literature review. The moral permissibility of sanctions had been reflected in the ethical dilemma of economic sanctions: the choice of sanctions as an alternative to war and an instrument of an external threat that has a potential positive impact on the policy of target country, and potential negative humanitarian consequences for the civilian population that can offset the positive results that the sender associates with a change in target country’s policy. The new paradigm in sanctions policy based on the replacement of comprehensive sanctions with targeted ones can be considered as an attempt to resolve such dilemma. We analyze the main background of this new model. We determine that the analysis of sanctions’ compliance with just war principles is essential in arguing their moral and ethical permissibility. In addition, we classify main approaches studying the moral permissibility of economic sanctions within the framework of just war theory. As a conclusion, we reveal that the application of just war principles as such to assess the moral permissibility of economic sanctions is debatable, and further research should be focused on choice and use of methodological tools that are more appropriate to the economic nature of sanctions.
Transformation and development of digital literary criticism in China
Authors:   Shenzhen University, Fu Le , Li Jingcheng ,   Shenzhen University, Dai Yonghong ,   Shenzhen University
Published: July 2023

This article analyses the digital literary criticism, which got rid of the obsession of academic Babylon in the field of literary criticism in the 1980s and revealed a more diverse field of voice, inspiring endless possibilities of variation in the transformative stage of criticism. The advent of the Internet has created a participatory field for literary criticism and a platform to weaken the distinction between identity and power. Equality disrupts the validity of authority and the structure of the knowledge circle, which is also the reason why digital literary criticism has a certain degree of carnivalesque traits. The authors believe that literary criticism in a digital context is no longer obsessed with the confusion of history and the uncertainty of time. While capturing the pulse of globalisation, it at the same time ardently embraces the value of desire endowed by consumer culture. The article points out that Chinese literary criticism in the new era is a product of the construction of multidimensional relations in a digital context, which sheds the shackles of historical context and rushes into the age of digitalisation. With the rapid flow of consumption, a very open, inclusive, and complex space of media discourse has emerged. The results of the study show that a group of numerous critics belonging to the postmodernist perspective is forming in the digital world. The authors conclude that in the confrontation between tradition and modernity, in the complex interweaving of elitist consciousness and mass consumption, in the struggle for discursive position between media and literature, digital literary criticism differs from traditional in terms of aesthetic standards, criticism style, criticism language and media platform, creating the macro future development of Chinese literary criticism with its independent attitude, revolutionary impulse and irresistible courage.
Internet of Behavior: Types, models, principles
Authors:   Povolzhsky Institute of Management named after P.A. Stolypin — Branch of Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Shatkin Maxim A. , Orlov Mikhail O. ,   Saratov Chernyshevsky State University
Published: July 2023

This article presents a general view and conceptualization of the Internet of Behavior from a social science perspective. The Internet of Behavior (IoB) is defined as a technology for machine monitoring, recognizing, and responding to human behavior (including emotion expression and biometrics). Based on the analysis of a typical case in higher education, the article forms the conceptual outline of social research on IoB by highlighting the types, possible models, and principles of IoB implementation. The study identifies three models of IoB: binary (based on checking the compliance of an individual’s behavior with the norm and his or her identification), medical (based on determining the physiological causes of certain human actions), and social (focused on identifying the features of human social behavior in addressing professional or other public problems). Monitoring, summarizing, and evaluating students’ social behavior potentially allows the implementation of new models of interaction between universities, employers, and students, based on the digitization and monetization of student engagement in learning and the responsibility of universities for the demand for graduates. The implementation of these models will lead to a profound transformation of higher education, including the digital servitization of education, the reduction of the established gap between knowledge and the social interactions associated with the generation, translation, and assimilation of this knowledge, and the inclusion of individual social behavior associated with professional knowledge in the list of those aspects of society that are subject to digitization and monetization. The basic principles of social IoB, without observance of which this technology can lead to anti-human consequences, are defined: privacy, multivalency of interpretation, continuity, relevance, and reflexivity.
Impacts of urban land use and land cover change on wetland dynamics in Jimma city, southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Berkessa Yifru Waktole , Bulto Tadesse Weyuma , Moisa Mitiku Badasa , Gurmessa Mengistu Muleta , Werku Birhanu Chalchisa , Juta Getachew Yigezu , Negash Daniel Assefa , Gemeda Dessalegn Obsi
Published: July 2023

Wetland has been substantially decreased by anthropogenic activities worldwide, requiring urgent conservation action. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of land use land cover change on wetland dynamics from 1992 to 2022 in Jimma City, Southwestern Ethiopia. Landsat TM of 1992, ETM+ of 2000, ETM+ of 2009 and OLI/TIRS of 2022 were used in this study. Landsat images were classified by using supervised classification with maximum likelihood algorithm. The results revealed that grassland, wetland and vegetation land cover classes declined by 2,304.9 ha, 1410.2 ha and 820.5 ha, respectively whereas farm land, settlement and bare land increased by 2,199 ha, 2,111 ha and 225.4 ha, respectively. Results show that the normalized difference water index (NDWI) has positive and negative strong relationship with normailized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built up index (NDBI) with the coefficent determination (R2) of 0.96 and 0.98, respectively. Due to rapid urbanization and declining vegetation cover in the study area, about 98% of wetland land cover in the study area has been lost over the past decades. Therefore, the governmental and non-governmental organizations should give special attention to wetland restoration and management in the study area.
Research on the construction of a human-water harmony model in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Shi Yan , Yang Shipeng , Chen Weiwei , Wang Xin , Feng Changping
Published: July 2023

Human-water harmony in the Yellow River Basin has an important influence on promoting ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper explores the degree of harmony between humans and water in the provinces of the Yellow River Basin. Based on the provincial-level data of nine provinces from 2001 to 2020, a human-water harmonious coupling coordination degree model was constructed, and the spatial and temporal analysis of the coupling coordination characteristics of nine provinces was carried out utilizing ArcGIS software. The results revealed that: (1) From the point of view of human-water harmony, from 2001 to 2020, China's human-water relationship was on the rise, from reluctant coupling coordination to good coupling coordination. (2) Qinghai, Gansu, and Sichuan provinces have the most significant increase in human-water harmony, from on the verge of a dysfunctional decline to quality coupling coordination. (3) From 2001 to 2011, the human system's comprehensive index was inferior to that of the water system's comprehensive index. In 2003, the comprehensive index of human and water systems was the largest. From 2012 to 2020, the human system's comprehensive index was higher than the water system. However, in 2015, the two indices diverged significantly
A comparative study of several types of indices for river quality assessment
Authors: Gil-Rodas Norma , Guevara-Mora Meyer , Rivas Gabriel , Dávila Gabriela , García Doris , Contreras-Perdomo Alejandra , Alvizures Pride , Martínez Mónica , Calvo-Brenes Guillermo
Published: July 2023

Water is vital for humans, plants, and animals; unfortunately, some anthropogenic activities adversely alter water quality (WQ). Many indicators can be used for WQ assessment; fortunately, extensive data can be simplified by using WQ indices (WQIs). The main difference among WQIs lies in the way of assessing pollution and the number and types of WQ indicators used; therefore, the selection of a reliable WQI should be the first step. This research aimed to compare several types of indices and evaluate their effectiveness. Eighteen sampling sites were monitored, and the selected indices showed different results. Biological indices exhibited a significant statistical correlation and yet different quality results. In addition, biological WQIs showed different outcomes from the physicochemical index. The high concentrations of phosphates, fecal coliforms, and biological oxygen demand, found in most rivers, were responsible for adversely influencing the quality results of the physicochemical index; however, their high concentrations found in some sampling sites had no adverse effect on the macroinvertebrate's existence; therefore, biological WQ assessment showed better quality results than the physicochemical index. The Rapid Bioassessment Protocol index, based on visual habitat observations, proved to be an easy way to classify WQ and an adequate replacement for biological indices.
Transport and interaction of cadmium and active sludge extracellular polymeric substances in saturated sand influenced by ionic strength and composition
Authors: Meng Qingling , Shi Fuqiang , Zhong Peng , Fan Wei , Xue Honghai , Jiang Yan
Published: July 2023

Artificial groundwater recharge with reclaimed water (secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants) has become an important approach to solving water scarcity worldwide. Microorganisms in activated sludge can secrete many extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). However, information on the impact of EPS on the movement of heavy metals in porous media and their environmental effects on underground networks is limited. To assess this risk, we extracted EPS from the aerobic section of a wastewater treatment plant using hot sodium hydroxide and conducted experiments using one-dimensional sand columns to investigate how ion composition and strength affect the movement and interaction of cadmium (Cd) and EPS in porous media. The results showed that EPS facilitated Cd migration in porous media. Sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) ions promoted the migration of Cd in porous media and EPS–Cd complexation. The effect of Ca was more significant than that of Na. As the Na adsorption ratio increased, the migration ability of Cd in porous media and the complexation ability of EPS with Cd decreased. Therefore, when estimating the migration of EPS and Cd in subsurface environments, careful consideration should be given to prevent the risk of groundwater pollution.
Escuchar los signos de los tiempos. Su discernimiento en La Primera Asamblea Eclesial de América Latina y El Caribe
Authors: Merino Beas Patricio
Published: July 2023

Este artículo plantea que, en el actual proceso sinodal de la iglesia, sobre todo, en el desarrollo de la Primera Asamblea Eclesial de América Latina y El Caribe, existe una novedad metodológica en el proceso de discernimiento de los signos de los tiempos. Esta novedad introduce de mejor manera la participación del Pueblo de Dios en dicho discernimiento, caracterizado como proceso de escucha. Plasmando de manera concreta el sentido de fe de los fieles en el ejercicio de la sinodalidad y la comunión de la Iglesia. Este proceso de escucha, a su vez, implica un enriquecimiento de la perspectiva eclesiológica respecto de los procesos anteriores de discernimiento que han sido muy cristocéntricos, asumiendo ahora con más fuerza el protagonismo del Espíritu Santo, en lo que se ha venido denominando un desborde del Espíritu.
Ayahuasca, coronavirus y transformación: la perspectiva espiritual de la organización Inner Mastery
Authors: Santamaría Luis
Published: July 2023

El movimiento conocido como Inner Mastery (anteriormente, Ayahuasca Internacional), fundado por el argentino Alberto Varela y con sede central en España, es uno de los grupos neochamánicos más destacados en el panorama actual. En marzo de 2020, cuando se impuso el confinamiento domiciliario en muchos países a causa de la pandemia, Varela aseguró que él era el creador del COVID-19, y siguió invitando a los retiros con ayahuasca como la mejor solución frente a la situación mundial. En este trabajo se analizan las publicaciones de su blog durante casi dos años, para estudiar su perspectiva sobre el coronavirus. En concreto, desechando interpretaciones simplemente sanitarias o “conspiracionistas”, se observa una visión de la pandemia como oportunidad para la transformación personal, con las claves propias del holismo terapéutico de la Nueva Era.
Effect of Different Desensitizing Protocols on Pulp Inflammatory Responses in Whitened Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Oliveira Barros Antonia Patricia , de Mendonça Raissa Pinheiro , de Melo Alencar Cristiane , Pinheiro João de Jesus Viana , Rothbarth Cláudia Pires , de Melo Alves Júnior Sérgio , Silva Cecy Martins
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

This randomized controlled, blind clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of different desensitizing protocols in preventing pulp inflammation after whitening treatment with hydrogen peroxide (HP) at 35% (Whiteness HP 35%).

Materials and Methods:

Thirty healthy third human molars extracted by orthodontic indication were randomized and allocated into five groups (n=5): NC (negative control): without intervention; PC (positive control): HP; PBM: HP + photobiomodulation with a Watts LASER; CPP: HP + casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphopeptide (CPP-ACP); and NANO: HP + nano-hydroxyapatite. The in-office whitening was performed in two sessions with a single 45 minutes application at an interval of 48 hours. Pulp tissues were extirpated for immunohistochemical analysis. Immunoreaction for activated caspase-3 was observed, and images were acquired using an Axio Scope A1 microscope. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the immunoexpression of caspase-3.

Results:

Comparisons between the PC and NC groups revealed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) for the analysis of caspase-3 immunoexpression. A statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was also observed for the CPP and PBM groups in relation to the PC.

Conclusion:

Photobiomodulation and CPP-ACP are promising alternatives to minimize pulpal inflammation induced by tooth whitening.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:

NCT04548674.
Impact of Socioeconomic Disparities, General Health, Reproductive, and Exercise Status in Indian Women with Lumbopelvic Pain
Authors: Sushil Priyanka , Chawla Jasmine K. , Parasher Raju K.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Evidence suggests links between several health conditions and lumbopelvic pain (LPP) in women beyond the commonly associated musculoskeletal origins of LPP.

Objective:

This study explored the association of LPP with general health conditions, stress, exercise, and socioeconomic status in Indian women.

Methods:

In a cross-sectional study, 500 urban women from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds were asked to fill out a self-report questionnaire that sampled their health and reproductive status.

Results:

Women sampled were in the age range of 18-62 years. Overall, the prevalence of LPP was found to be 76.8% and was predominantly observed in women from the lower socioeconomic strata (70.5%), compared to women from the higher strata (29.4%). Multivariate logistic regression identified gynecological issues, such as menstrual problems (O.R.= 472.86, p<0.0001); polycystic ovarian syndrome (O.R.= 125.04, p=0.010); and health issues, such as urinary incontinence (O.R.=3078.24, p=0.001); chronic cough (O.R.= 84.97, p<0.0001); stress (O.R.= 474.27, p<0.0001) as being significantly related to LPP. Additionally, ‘no exercise’ (O.R.= 360.15, p <0.0001) was also strongly associated with LPP.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest that LPP is a significant problem in Indian women, with a greater prevalence in women from the lower strata of society. Importantly, given that several general, gynecological health issues, psychological stress, and a lack of exercise are associated with it, there is a need for LPP sensitization at a community and public health level. Regarding its prevention and long-term management, it is important to rule out and consider the impact of these factors on LPP, beyond its musculoskeletal origins.
Effective Learning for Students with Autism
Authors: Ediyanto Ediyanto
Published: July 2023

The learning process requires the development of methods and media to support learning and increase students’ understanding and enthusiasm during the learning process. This literature review aims to identify effective learning methods for students with autism. The present study is essential to determine the development of effective learning methods for students with autism. In the end, this study concluded the presence of learning methods and media development for autistic students to increase interest and understanding during learning.
El bienestar humano desde la gobernabilidad migratoria: El caso de migrantes venezolanos en Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Urazán Mariz Nayeth , Sánchez Noda Ramón
Published: July 2023

La migración es considerada como una problemática social que impacta, no solo a quien emigra, sino también al país que recepta a esta población, lo que genera un incremento de las acciones en cuanto a gobernabilidad migratoria, al presentarse nuevos desafíos de la capacidad administrativa de los gobiernos y territorios. Esas nuevas condiciones determinan que la migración, se enfoque en el ser humano, como un tema prioritario y su gobernanza para ofrecer a las personas migrantes, en este caso, los venezolanos en territorio colombiano, el bienestar humano, la inclusión social e integración institucional. Muchos son los actores sociales e institucionales que inciden en el mejoramiento de la gobernabilidad migratoria para que impacte positivamente en el bienestar de los migrantes. Por esa razón, este estudio con una metodología mixta se encarga de analizar el bienestar humano de la población migrante desde cuatro dimensiones que contemplan las condiciones básicas de vida, la integración económica y social y las políticas públicas del gobierno, basado en la evaluación de quienes han trabajado el tema de la migración como la OIM, ACNUR, OCDE y la Alcaldía municipal de Cúcuta, además de los aportes propios de la investigación. Los resultados alcanzados revelan insuficiencias en la gobernabilidad migratoria y se realizan propuestas de búsqueda del fortalecimiento de la capacidad administrativa de los gobiernos territoriales en sus funciones de hacer y ejecutar políticas públicas en beneficio de la población migrante dentro del marco de la gobernabilidad migratoria.
Avances en el manejo y control de Fusarium oxysporum en el cultivo de uchuva (physalis peruviana)
Authors: Rodríguez María Ximena , Díaz Andrés , Zapata Jimmy , Smith Alex , Mesa Paula
Published: July 2023

La uchuva (Physalis peruviana) es una planta perenne, herbácea, que crece silvestre o semisilvestre. Se propaga normalmente por semilla; sus flores son solitarias y hermafroditas, fácilmente polinizadas por insectos, el viento o autopolinización. El fruto es una baya globosa u ovoide y jugosa, con un diámetro entre 1.25 y 2.15 cm y un peso entre 4 a 10 gramos, con una estructura interna similar a la de un tomate. La baya varía de color amarillo a ocre o amarillo naranja cuando madura; su piel es delgada y lustrosa y está recubierta con un cáliz o capacho (Figura 1). El cultivo de la uchuva presenta buen comportamiento en las regiones que se ubican entre 1800 y 2800 metros sobre el nivel del mar, con alta luminosidad, temperaturas promedio entre 13 y 18 grados centígrados, precipitación anual de entre 1000 y 2000 milímetros y humedad relativa de 70 a 80 por ciento, preferiblemente en suelos con una estructura granular y una textura areno – arcillosa, que contengan altos contenidos de materia orgánica y un pH entre 5.5 y 6.8.
Effect of push-out bond strength of a conventional and a bulk-fill composite resin as a biotechnological technique to root dentin of primary anterior teeth
Authors: Mosharrafian Shahram , Khazaei Pegah , Rahbar Pegah , Hosseini Zahra
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to compare the push-out bond strength of a bulk-fill and a conventional composite resin to root dentin of primary anterior teeth using a 7th-generation dentin bonding agent. This in vitro study evaluated 24 primary anterior teeth randomly divided into two groups: Filtek P60 conventional and Filtek bulk-fill composite resins. Single Bond Universal adhesive was used for bonding. After filling the coronal part of the canal with composite resin, the teeth were mounted in acrylic resin and sliced to obtain a 1-mm-thick section of each root. Next, the sections underwent the push-out bond strength test. After determining the push-out bond strength, the failure mode was determined under a light microscope at ×40 magnification. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and t-test. The mean push-out bond strength was 13.37±4.40 MPa in the conventional and 5.40±2.91 MPa in the bulk-fill composite resin groups. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). In the conventional group, 50% of failures were cohesive in the traditional combined resin group, while in the bulk-fill composite resin group, 75% of losses were mixed. Filtek P60 conventional composite resin and Single Bond Universal 7th-generation bonding agent were determined as appropriate for fabricating intracanal composite posts in primary anterior teeth.

Keywords: Push-out, Bond strength, Bulk-fill composite resin, Root dentin, Primary anterior teeth.
Comprehensive Ontology of Fibroproliferative Diseases: Protocol for a Semantic Technology Study
Authors: Golec Marcin , Kamdar Maulik , Barteit Sandra
Published: July 2023

Background

Fibroproliferative or fibrotic diseases (FDs), which represent a significant proportion of age-related pathologies and account for over 40% of mortality in developed nations, are often underrepresented in focused research. Typically, these conditions are studied individually, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), rather than as a collective entity, thereby limiting the holistic understanding and development of effective treatments. To address this, we propose creating and publicizing a comprehensive fibroproliferative disease ontology (FDO) to unify the understanding of FDs.

Objective

This paper aims to delineate the study protocol for the creation of the FDO, foster transparency and high quality standards during its development, and subsequently promote its use once it becomes publicly available.

Methods

We aim to establish an ontology encapsulating the broad spectrum of FDs, constructed in the Web Ontology Language format using the Protégé ontology editor, adhering to ontology development life cycle principles. The modeling process will leverage Protégé in accordance with a methodologically defined process, involving targeted scoping reviews of MEDLINE and PubMed information, expert knowledge, and an ontology development process. A hybrid top-down and bottom-up strategy will guide the identification of core concepts and relations, conducted by a team of domain experts based on systematic iterations of scientific literature reviews.

Results

The result will be an exhaustive FDO accommodating a wide variety of crucial biomedical concepts, augmented with synonyms, definitions, and references. The FDO aims to encapsulate diverse perspectives on the FD domain, including those of clinicians, health informaticians, medical researchers, and public health experts.

Conclusions

The FDO is expected to stimulate broader and more in-depth FD research by enabling reasoning, inference, and the identification of relationships between concepts for application in multiple contexts, such as developing specialized software, fostering research communities, and enhancing domain comprehension. A common vocabulary and understanding of relationships among medical professionals could potentially expedite scientific progress and the discovery of innovative solutions. The publicly available FDO will form the foundation for future research, technological advancements, and public health initiatives.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/48645
mHealth Self-Monitoring Model for Medicine Adherence of Patients With Diabetes in Resource-Limited Countries: Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Kgasi Mmamolefe , Chimbo Bester , Motsi Lovemore
Published: July 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to serious challenges and emphasized the importance of using technology for health care operational transformation. Consequently, the need for technological innovations has increased, thus empowering patients with chronic conditions to tighten their adherence to medical prescriptions.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a model for a mobile health (mHealth) self-monitoring system for patients with diabetes in rural communities within resource-limited countries. The developed model could be based on the implementation of a system for the self-monitoring of patients with diabetes to increase medical adherence.

Methods

This study followed a quantitative approach, in which data were collected from health care providers using a questionnaire with close-ended questions. Data were collected from district hospitals in 3 South African provinces that were selected based on the prevalence rates of diabetes and the number of patients with diabetes treated. The collected data were analyzed using smart partial least squares to validate the model and test the suggested hypotheses.

Results

Using variance-based structural equation modeling that leverages smart partial least squares, the analysis indicated that environmental factors significantly influence all the independent constructs that inform patients’ change of behavior toward the use of mHealth for self-monitoring of medication adherence. Technology characteristics such as effort expectancy, self-efficacy, and performance expectancy were equally significant; hence, their hypotheses were accepted. In contrast, the contributions of culture and social aspects were found to be insignificant, and their hypotheses were rejected. In addition, an analysis was conducted to determine the interaction effects of the moderating variables on the independent constructs. The results indicated that with the exception of cultural and social influences, there were significant interacting effects on other independent constructs influencing mHealth use for self-monitoring.

Conclusions

On the basis of the findings of this study, we conclude that behavioral changes are essential for the self-monitoring of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is important to enhance those effects that stimulate the behavior to change toward the use of mHealth for self-monitoring. Motivational aspects were also found to be highly significant as they triggered changes in behavior. The developed model can be used to extend the research on the self-monitoring of patients with chronic conditions. Moreover, the model will be used as a basic architecture for the implementation of fully fledged systems for self-monitoring of patients with diabetes.