bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel statistical method for long-term coronavirus modelling
Authors: Gaidai Oleg , Yan Ping , Xing Yihan , Xu JingXiang , Wu Yu
Published: November 2022

Background: Novel coronavirus disease has been recently a concern for worldwide public health. To determine epidemic rate probability at any time in any region of interest, one needs efficient bio-system reliability approach, particularly suitable for multi-regional environmental and health systems, observed over a sufficient period of time, resulting in a reliable long-term forecast of novel coronavirus infection rate. Traditional statistical methods dealing with temporal observations of multi-regional processes do not have the multi-dimensionality advantage, that suggested methodology offers, namely dealing efficiently with multiple regions at the same time and accounting for cross-correlations between different regional observations.

Methods: Modern multi-dimensional novel statistical method was directly applied to raw clinical data, able to deal with territorial mapping. Novel reliability method based on statistical extreme value theory has been suggested to deal with challenging epidemic forecast. Authors used MATLAB optimization software.

Results: This paper described a novel bio-system reliability approach, particularly suitable for multi-country environmental and health systems, observed over a sufficient period of time, resulting in a reliable long-term forecast of extreme novel coronavirus death rate probability.  Namely, accurate maximum recorded patient numbers are predicted for the years to come for the analyzed provinces.

Conclusions:  The suggested method performed well by supplying not only an estimate but 95% confidence interval as well.  Note that suggested methodology is not limited to any specific epidemics or any specific terrain, namely its truly general. The only assumption and limitation is bio-system stationarity, alternatively trend analysis should be performed first.  The suggested methodology can be used in various public health applications, based on their clinical survey data.
Effects of scapulothoracic exercises on chest mobility, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function in male COPD patients with forward shoulder posture: a randomized control trial
Authors: Thongchote Kanogwun , Chinwaro Usa , Lapmanee Sarawut
Published: November 2022

Background  

The postural abnormality, forward shoulder posture (FSP), is the most common cause of respiratory impairment in older individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A recent study found that performing pectoral stretching and scapular strengthening exercises for eight weeks could reduce FSP in healthy participants. We aimed to determine the effects of pectoral stretching and scapular stabilizer strengthening exercises on FSP, chest wall mobility, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function in male patients with COPD. 

Methods  

This study was randomized clinical trial. Forty male COPD patients with FSP aged 60–90 years were included and randomly allocated to control (n=20) and exercise (n=20) groups. Following completion of the scapulothoracic exercises (three days/week, for eight weeks), respiratory functions were assessed by measuring the magnitude of FSP, chest mobility, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary functions. 

Results  

FSP and thoracic kyphosis angle significantly decreased compared to controls (p<0.001, p<0.001). Middle and lower chest mobility markedly increased (p<0.001, p<0.001) and the pectoralis minor index significantly improved (p<0.001). The strength of the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles significantly increased at week eight of the exercise training (p<0.003, p<0.001). There was a marked increase in maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure (p<0.001, p<0.001). 

Conclusions  

The eight-week combined pectoral muscles self-stretching and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strengthening exercises could be an effective treatment and/or prevention strategy for FSP reduction, leading to improved respiratory function in male COPD patients.
Analysis of energy storage materials for developments in solar cookers
Authors: Khatri Rahul , Goyal Rahul , Sharma Ravi Kumar
Published: November 2022

Solar energy is accessible freely and can be utilized for many household and industrial applications. The consumption of solar energy for cooking applications has found significant success. Various innovations have been employed in facilitating cooking during off-sunshine hours. Thermal energy storage helps in overcoming the fluctuations in the supply of energy required for cooking during different time periods of the day. This study focuses on the different types of thermal energy storage mediums that are currently utilized in solar cooking. Primarily, oils and pebbles are most commonly used as sensible heat storage (SHS) while organic phase change materials (PCMs) are used as latent heat thermal energy storage materials (LHTES).

The properties and performances of various SHS and latent heat storage (LHS) mediums have been compared for their suitable utilization. SHS materials are cost-effective but have lower thermal gradient compared to LHTES materials. The energy storage capability of LHTES is high while degradation with the increasing number of charging and discharging cycles is also considerable. The melting point should be close to the utilization temperature for being used as LHTES as thermal diffusivity of the materials greatly influences the performance of solar cookers. The cooking time is lower for solar cooking systems equipped with energy storage compared to non-equipped cooking systems. It is recognized that the use of energy storage has been proved as a huge advantage to solar cooking systems, however, the design, and heat transfer characteristics of the cooking vessel along with the storage material type and volume must be optimized in order to make this technology more influential.
Are adverse effects of cannabidiol (CBD) products caused by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) contamination?
Authors: Lachenmeier Dirk W. , Habel Stephanie , Fischer Berit , Herbi Frauke , Zerbe Yvonne , Bock Verena , Rajcic de Rezende Tabata , Walch Stephan G. , Sproll Constanze
Published: November 2022

Cannabidiol (CBD)-containing products are widely marketed as over the counter products, mostly as food supplements. Adverse effects reported in anecdotal consumer reports or during clinical studies were first assumed to be due to hydrolytic conversion of CBD to psychotropic Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) in the stomach after oral consumption. However, research of pure CBD solutions stored in simulated gastric juice or subjected to various storage conditions such as heat and light with specific liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatographic/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (UPLC-QTOF) analyses was unable to confirm THC formation. Another hypothesis for the adverse effects of CBD products may be residual Δ9-THC concentrations in the products as contamination, because most of them are based on hemp extracts containing the full spectrum of cannabinoids besides CBD. Analyses of 293 food products of the German market (mostly CBD oils) confirmed this hypothesis: 28 products (10%) contained Δ9-THC above the lowest observed adverse effect level (2.5 mg/day). Hence, it may be assumed that the adverse effects of some commercial CBD products are based on a low-dose effect of Δ9-THC, with the safety of CBD itself currently being unclear with significant uncertainties regarding possible liver and reproductive toxicity. The safety, efficacy and purity of commercial CBD products is highly questionable, and all of the products in our sample collection showed various non-conformities to European food law such as unsafe Δ9-THC levels, hemp extracts or CBD isolates as non-approved novel food ingredients, non-approved health claims, and deficits in mandatory food labelling requirements. In view of the growing market for such lifestyle products, the effectiveness of the instrument of food business operators' own responsibility for product safety and regulatory compliance must obviously be challenged, and a strong regulatory framework for hemp products needs to be devised.
Priorities for future research on reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines using a James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership: The PROTECT study protocol
Authors: Boland Miriam , Higgins Agnes , Beecher Claire , Bracken Pat , Burn Wendy , Cody Anne , Framer Adele , Gronlund Toto Anne , Horowitz Mark , Huff Christy , Jayacodi Sandra , Keating Dolores , Kessler David , Konradsson Geuken Asa , Lamberson Nicole , Montagu Luke , Osborne Brian , Smith Ruth , Cadogan Cathal
Published: November 2022

Background: There is a growing number of service users looking to discontinue use of psychiatric medicines. Tapering is the recommended approach for reducing and/or discontinuing the use of psychiatric medicines. This involves gradually reducing the dose over time to minimise the potential for withdrawal symptoms. However, many uncertainties exist regarding the process of reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines. This study will use a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership to determine the Top 10 unanswered questions and uncertainties about reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines.

Methods: The Priority Setting Partnership will be conducted using the James Lind Alliance methodology. It will involve seven stages: (i) creating an international Steering Group of representatives from key stakeholder groups that will include people with lived experience of taking and/or stopping psychiatric medicines, family members, carers/supporters and healthcare professionals, and identifying potential partners to support key activities (e.g. dissemination); (ii) gathering uncertainties about reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines from key stakeholders using an online survey; (iii) data processing and summarising the survey responses; (iv) checking the summary questions against existing evidence and verifying uncertainties; (v) shortlisting the questions using a second online survey; (vi) determining the Top 10 research questions through an online prioritisation workshop; (vii) disseminating results.

Conclusions: This study will use a Priority Setting Partnership to generate a Top 10 list of research questions and uncertainties about reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines. This list will help to guide future research and deliver responsive and strategic allocation of research resources, with a view to ultimately improving the future health and well-being of individuals who are taking psychiatric medicines.
Ultrasound appearance of the kidney among radiology department attendees of a tertiary centre in Malawi
Authors: Carey Laura , Tsidya Bright , Nkhalema Bazwell , Kaimba Sylvester , Chetcuti Karen , Joekes Elizabeth , Kreuels Benno , Henrion Marc , Rylance Jamie
Published: November 2022

Background: Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in nephrology in low-resource settings are frequently based on ultrasound assessment of kidney size. An understanding of reference values is critical, particularly given the rise of non-communicable disease and the expanding availability of point-of-care ultrasound. However, there is a paucity of normative data from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We determined estimates of kidney ultrasound measures, including kidney size based on age, sex, and HIV status, among apparently healthy outpatient attendees of Queen Elizabeth Central hospital radiology department, Blantyre, Malawi.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional cohort study of 320 adults attending the radiology department between October 2021 and January 2022. Bilateral kidney ultrasound was performed on all participants using a portable Mindray DP-50 machine and a 5MHz convex probe. The sample was stratified by age, sex, and HIV status. Predictive linear modelling was used to construct reference ranges for kidney size estimating the central 95 percentiles of 252 healthy adults. Exclusion criteria for the healthy sample were known kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, BMI > 35, heavy alcohol intake, smoking and ultrasonographic abnormalities.

Results: There were 162/320 (51%) male participants. The median age was 47 (interquartile range [IQR] 34-59). Of those whose HIV status was known and positive, 138/308 (45%), 134/138 (97%) were receiving antiretroviral therapy. Men had larger average kidney sizes: mean 9.68 cm (SD 0.80 cm), compared to 9.46 cm (SD 0.87 cm) in women (p = 0.01). Average kidney sizes in HIV-positive participants were not significantly different from those who were HIV-negative, 9.73 cm (SD 0.93 cm) versus 9.58 cm (SD 0.93 cm) (p = 0.63).

Conclusions: This is the first report of the apparently healthy kidney size in Malawi. Predicted kidney size ranges may be used for reference in the clinical assessment of kidney disease in Malawi.
El Análisis de Política Exterior: desarrollo en Colombia
Authors: Espinosa-Arias Martín
Published: November 2022

El Análisis de Política Exterior (ape) es un subcampo de la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales (ri) que permite entender los procesos cognitivos, organizacionales y burocráticos, entre otros, influyentes en las decisiones que se toman en materia de Política Exterior. Estudiar las relaciones internacionales de Colombia, desde las teorías de ape, permitiría dar respuesta a decisiones en política exterior que no se pueden explicar conceptualmente desde las Teorías de las Relaciones Internacionales (tri). Por lo tanto, el propósito de este trabajo es mostrar las diferencias entre el ape y las tri, describir las principales escuelas del ape y, finalmente, analizar los textos que se han publicado en Colombia empleando teorías de ape para dar cuenta del desarrollo de las mismas e identificar tendencias y limitaciones.
Contar nossos mortos
Authors: Resende Gabriel Lacerda de
Published: November 2022

Este artigo pretende discutir e enfrentar um traço particular da necropolítica brasileira: as políticas de desaparecimento. A partir de imagens da pandemia de Covid-19, defende-se que o desprezo do Estado brasileiro e seus representantes pelos mortos é uma marca constitutiva do que somos, numa transversal que vai da colônia à democracia. Convoca-se Clarice Lispector, Walter Benjamin e Judith Butler como aliados em uma política narrativa que sustente o luto público e coletivo no embate contra a barbárie e o esquecimento de nossos mortos.
Memorialização e ritualização do luto na era das mídias sociais: uma análise do Memorial Facebook
Authors: Oliveira Priscila Chagas , Bezerra Daniele Borges
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho objetiva discutir as formas virtuais de memorialização e de luto que se manifestam online na plataforma de mídia social Facebook. Descreve e analisa o “Memorial Facebook”, recurso que possibilita a transformação de perfis pessoais em memoriais virtuais quando do falecimento dos usuários proprietários da conta. Para isso, como metodologia, parte-se de um levantamento bibliográfico da produção nacional sobre o tema, em diálogo com outros autores e autoras que discutem memória, luto e trauma no contexto das plataformas de mídia social online, nomeadamente o Facebook. Busca-se, com isso, repensar a noção de “memorial” no contexto pandêmico da Covid-19, evento que reconfigura os modos de ser e viver. De modo preliminar, verifica-se que as mídias sociais compõem espaços públicos de testemunho, interação e memoração, e que as suas interfaces e configurações sociotécnicas, incluindo sua lógica de mercado, engendram novas formas virtuais de memorialização e ritualização do luto em tempos de distanciamento social.
Midwives' decision making during normal labour and birth: a decision making framework
Authors: Jackson Karen
Published: November 2022

Background/Aims

Understanding how midwives make decisions and what influences those decisions during labour and birth might illuminate why childbirth is straightforward for some women but needs a more interventionist route for others. The aim of this study was to explore midwifery decision-making during normal labour and birth.

Methods

An interpretivist epistemology with a case-study approach was used for this study, which involved data collection at two case sites. The participants were midwives on duty at two labour suites of large regional teaching hospitals in the East Midlands. Focus group interviews, observations, diary keeping and documentary reviews were included.

Results

There were five main themes. The central theme was ‘the hybrid midwife’. Within this theme, midwives were found to be operating in dualistic belief systems. They were operating between woman-centred, intuitive philosophies and associated decision-making approaches, and organisation-centred, hypothetico-deductive philosophies and related decision-making strategies. From the literature review and study findings, the situated, dynamic midwifery decision-making framework ‘focus on straightforward labour and birth’ was developed to assist in midwifery decision-making.

Conclusions

Decision-making in normal labour and birth is a complex phenomenon, influenced by many factors. Midwives have to balance decision-making strategies that are appropriate for childbearing women across all risk categories. However, they do not always appear to be fully prepared for the reality of decision-making in clinical practice.
Journal scan
Authors: Welyczko Nikki
Published: November 2022

A brief overview of recently published articles on colorectal cancer, liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease for pregnant women and sleep behaviours
Female genital treatments: a blend of surgical and non-surgical approaches
Authors: Glancey Lucy
Published: November 2022

The demand for female genital treatments has increased in recent years. Originally, the only way to tackle such issues was surgery. However, most patients prefer to have non-surgical solutions where possible. As a result of this, there are many non-surgical alternatives that have developed in recent years, such as energy devices (radiofrequency, laser and high-intensity focused ultrasound), fillers and threads. Some of these treatments have been designed specifically for the female genital area and pledge to deliver good results. This article looks at what is currently available on the market in terms of surgical and non-surgical solutions for the aesthetics in the female genitalia. This also includes functionality, as vaginal tightening/rejuvenation procedures will also be detailed.
Clinical application of polylactic acid/gelatin nanofibre membrane in hard-to-heal lower extremity venous ulcers
Authors: Chen Hongrang , Shen Yun , Zhang Haitao , Long Xiaoyan , Deng Kunxue , Xu Tao , Li Yongsheng
Published: November 2022

Objective:

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of polylactic acid/gelatin nanofibre membranes (PGNMs) in treating hard-to-heal lower extremity venous ulcer wounds.

Method:

In this prospective study, patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs) were treated with PGNMs or standard of care. Wounds were assessed once a week until the wound was fully healed.

Results:

The treatment group was comprised of 10 patients with VLUs, aged between 47–64 years, with an average age of 56.58±6.19 years. The wounds were located in the lower leg and/or ankle. Average wound area was 8.91±13.57cm2 (range: 1.5–52.5cm2). Average wound healing time was 18.75±16.36 days. Of the patients, nine (90%) rated their pain as lighter when removing the dressing, with an average pain value of 2.0±1.0 points. There was less secondary trauma to the wound surface, and less bleeding. At six months after the wound healing, the scar evaluation (using the Vancouver Scar Scale) result was 3.75±1.96 points.

Conclusion:

In this study, the PGNMs were safe and effective in treating hard-to-heal lower extremity VLUs.
SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: time to flozinate?
Authors: Davies Claire
Published: November 2022

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have a wide range of benefits in people with insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes. Claire Davies provides an overview of these drugs to support safe use in primary care

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, sometimes also referred to as ‘gliflozins’ or ‘flozins’, are an established class of medications used for the treatment of insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes. This article provides a summary of everything nursing staff in primary care need to know about the use of SGLT2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes to support safe prescribing, monitoring and use.
Modeling and correction of fringe patterns in Doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne interferometry
Authors: Wei Daikang , Gong Qiucheng , Chen Qiuyu , Zhu Yajun , Kaufmann Martin , Olschewski Friedhelm , Knieling Peter , Dötzer Florian , Mantel Klaus , Xu Jiyao , Koppmann Ralf , Riese Martin
Published: November 2022

Doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne (DASH) interferometry is a novel
concept for observing atmospheric winds. This paper discusses a
numerical model for the simulation of fringe patterns and a
methodology to correct fringe images for extracting Doppler
information from ground-based DASH measurements. Based on the
propagation of optical waves, the fringe pattern was modeled
considering different angular deviations and optical aberrations. A
dislocation between two gratings can introduce an additional spatial
modulation associated with the diffraction order, which was seen in
laboratory measurements. A phase correction is proposed to remove
phase differences between different row interferograms, which is the
premise for calculating the average interferogram to improve the
signal-to-noise ratio. Laboratory tests, simulation results, and
Doppler velocity measurements indicate that a matrix determined in the
laboratory can be applied to correct interferograms obtained from
ground-based DASH measurements.
Three-dimensional shape measurement method based on composite cyclic phase coding
Authors: Zou Zicong , Zhu Yongjian , Qin Guofeng , Wang Dong
Published: November 2022

Phase coding is widely used in 3D measurement due to its good anti-interference and robustness. However, the measurement accuracy is affected by the limitation of the number of codewords. To solve this problem, we propose a 3D shape measurement method based on composite cyclic phase coding. The traditional phase coding is quantized cyclic without adding extra patterns, further adopting composite coding, using the composite cyclic phase coding grayscale values to distinguish the same cyclic codewords, and finally integrating them into a new fringe order sequentially for phase unwrapping to achieve effective expansion of codewords. The related experimental results show that the proposed method stably achieves high accuracy 3D reconstruction, which overcomes the misjudgment of codewords caused by traditional phase coding under high-frequency fringes due to system nonlinearity and noise. Meanwhile, compared with the improved phase coding method of temporal domain combined with spatial domain information, such as the method of quantized phase coding and connected region labeling, it can effectively avoid the phenomenon of error propagation, with high robustness and low algorithm complexity.
Effects of typical liquid-crystal retarder errors on optimized Stokes polarimeters
Authors: Montes-González Ivan , Rodríguez-Herrera Oscar G. , Avendaño-alejo Maximino , Bruce Neil C.
Published: November 2022

Liquid
crystal
variable retarders (LCVRs)
are often used in Stokes polarimeters as they allow the measurement of
different polarization components by applying an electric field that
manipulates the induced retardance. However, the optical retardance
introduced by these devices is in general not homogenous across the
aperture. Another problem with this type of devices is that the
fast-axis orientation is not homogenous, and it changes with the
applied voltage. For the optimization of polarimeters, in terms of the
noise amplification from the intensity measurements to the
polarimetric data, the condition number (CN) is often used, but the
effects of LCVR spatial variations are not considered. This paper
analyzes the impact of errors in LCVRs in a set of optimized Stokes
polarimeters simulated by adding errors in the induced retardance and
fast-axis orientation. Then, the CN is calculated to observe the
effect of these errors on the optimization. We show how errors in the
LCVRs lead to different impacts in the polarimetric measurements for
different optimized polarimeters, depending on their experimental
parameters. Furthermore, we present the propagation error theory to
choose the best experimental parameters to reduce the nonideal effects
in optimized polarimeters.
Pattern recognition using self-reference feature extraction for φ-OTDR
Authors: Huang Yingzhe , Zhao Hongmin , Zhao Xiaoting , Lin Bo , Meng Fanchao , Ding Jinmin , Lou Shuqin , Wang Xin , He Jingwen , Sheng Xinzhi , Liang Sheng
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes a pattern recognition method for φ-OTDR based on self-reference features, where machine learning is applied to classify the vibration monitored. The

φ

-OTDR collects the light amplitude–time–space sequence, establishes a reference position in the spatial dimension, and combines the two dimensions of the vibration and reference positions to form self-reference features, which are then used as machine learning features. These self-reference features can effectively improve the pattern recognition accuracy. This paper selects a low sampling frequency for data collection, analyzes the influence of sample definition methods of different time lengths on the pattern recognition accuracy, and determines that the optimal sample length is 10 data points. The contribution of different feature parameters to pattern recognition is analyzed, and eight eigenvalues such as average, maximum, and minimum are finally determined to form self-reference features that are used as the input of the machine learning algorithm. The recognition accuracies of five machine learning algorithms including kNN, Decision Tree, Random Forest, LightGBM, and CatBoost are analyzed and compared, and the CatBoost algorithm in the integrated learning algorithm is finally determined as the optimal algorithm. On this basis, this paper proposes a filtering algorithm to deal with abnormal signals, which can effectively compensate for abnormal data and further improve the accuracy of pattern recognition. Finally, this paper conducts the pattern recognition study on four common events of tapping, bending, trampling, and blowing, and obtains the average recognition rate of 98%. In addition, this paper innovatively carried out pattern recognition research on five types of mining equipment, including ball mills, vibrating screens, conveyor belts, filters, and industrial pumps, and obtained the average recognition rate of 93.5%.
3D reconstruction method based on the optimal projection intensity of a polarization system
Authors: Zhu Zhenmin , Zhu Tai , Sun Xiang , Zhang Fumin
Published: November 2022

The measurement of shiny objects is a major challenge for structured light 3D measurement. Polarization systems can be used to measure shiny objects. However, the polarizer may attenuate the light intensity of the captured image, reducing the SNR of the image, and the measurement accuracy will be affected. To improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency, this paper proposes a 3D measurement method based on polarization optimal projection intensity. By establishing the camera response function under the polarization system, the desired optimal projection intensity can be directly estimated and used to compensate for the image light intensity attenuated by the additional polarizer. This method does not require rotating polarizers and multiple exposure times. In addition, the optimal fringe images are obtained by applying image fusion algorithms. The experimental results show that the method improves pixels in the image that are too dark, while significantly reducing the saturated pixels on the shiny surface. This method can effectively improve the image contrast, get better fringe images, extract more effective information, and reconstruct a more complete 3D point cloud.
Distributed Curvature Sensing Using a Novel FBG-Based Hybrid Polycarbonate-Silica Multicore Fiber
Authors: Boilard Tommy , Bilodeau Guillaume , Morency Steeve , Messaddeq Younès , Fortier Richard , Trépanier François , Bernier Martin
Published: November 2022

A 750 µm diameter hybrid multicore fiber that is 7 times more sensitive for curvature sensing than a standard 125 µm multicore silica fiber is made by drawing a microstructured polycarbonate preform over three polyimide-coated silica fibers containing prewritten distributed arrays of FBGs.
Fiber Bragg grating-based force sensor for the surgical device
Authors: Li Tianliang
Published: November 2022

To solve the limitation of deficient multi-dimensional force feedback in MIS, we present a series of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)-based force sensors, which can detect the surgical device-tissue interaction forces during surgery precisely.
Physical Unclonable Functions based on random gratings
Authors: Monet Frédéric , Roberge Anthony , Kashyap Raman
Published: November 2022

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are hardware-based unique and irreproducible keys that can be used for authentication and encryption. We show that robustly secure PUFs can be easily manufactured by inscribing random gratings in optical fibers.
Self-pulsing of Brillouin-Raman distributed feedback fiber lasers
Authors: Bannerman Rex H. S. , Smith Devin H. , Gray Alan C. , Gates James C. , Broderick Neil G. R. , Gawith Corin B.E. , Smith Peter G. R.
Published: November 2022

We report on self-pulsing in distributed-feedback single-frequency Raman fibre lasers. We see a periodic reduction in intra-cavity power associated with each pulse and propose that this self-pulsing arises from parasitic Brilluoin scattering cavity dumping the Raman.
Nonlinear Optical Glass-Ceramics for Fiber-Type Device Application: From Precursor Design to Pockels Effect
Authors: Takahashi Yoshihiro , Terakado Nobuaki , Fujiwara Takumi
Published: November 2022

Aiming to fiber-type active optical-device, we have developed novel glass-ceramics consisting of nonlinear optical crystal. The radially-crystallized glass-ceramic fiber has been demonstrated to show an optical modulation based on Pockels effect.
Prominent Propagation Loss in Nonlinear Optical Glass-Ceramic Fiber
Authors: Nakamura Takuma , Terakado Nobuaki , Takahashi Yoshihiro , Miyazaki Takamichi , Fujiwara Takumi
Published: November 2022

We succeeded in developing the glass-ceramic fiber consisting of optical nonlinear crystal, and demonstrated its propagation loss to be comparable to that of LiNbO3 waveguides.
Femtosecond Inscription of a FBG in a Multimode Fiber that Acts as the High Reflecting Mirror in a Yb-doped LMA Multicore Fiber Laser
Authors: Greenberg Y. , Halstuch A. , Ishaaya A.A.
Published: November 2022

A fiber-Bragg-grating is inscribed with femtosecond pulses in a 60/125 multimode fiber. The multimode fiber is spliced to an active Yb-doped large-mode-area multicore fiber laser and acts as the high reflecting mirror with good efficiency.
Tunable frequency combs in nanophotonic parametric oscillators from visible to mid-IR
Authors: Roy Arkadev , Ledezma Luis , Costa Luis , Gray Robert , Sekine Ryoto , Guo Qiushi , Liu Mingchen , Briggs Ryan M. , Marandi Alireza
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate broadly-tunable synchronously-pumped optical parametric oscillators in nanophotonic lithium niobate. A picosecond 1-µm pump generates subpicosecond signal/idler frequency combs tunable between 1.5 and 3.3 µm with up-conversion to the visible on the same chip.
Spatial Mode Engineering for Integrated Optics Mach- Zehnder Interferometer
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Wanare Harshawardhan
Published: November 2022

We propose a controllable beam splitter with a single unit cell footprint and subsequently realize a Mach-Zehnder interferometer by modulating the spatial structure of bound modes in a photonic bandgap media using a weak perturbation.
Intermodal Phase- and Group-Velocity Matching for Frequency Doubling in Heavily Germanium Doped Fibers
Authors: Tishchenko Artemii , Geernaert Thomas , Vermeulen Nathalie , Berghmans Francis , Baghdasaryan Tigran
Published: November 2022

We show for the first time that it is feasible to achieve simultaneous modal phase- and group-velocity matching for second harmonic generation in heavily Ge-doped microstructured optical fiber (MOF) and step-index fiber configurations.
Demonstration of a photonic indistinguishability witness on a programmable quantum photonic processor
Authors: Somhorst F.H.B. , van der Meer R. , Hooijschuur P. , Venderbosch P. , de Goede M. , Kassenberg B. , Snijders H. J. , Taballione C. , Epping J. P. , van den Vlekkert H. H. , Walk N. , Pinkse P. W. H. , Renema J. J.
Published: November 2022

We experimentally demonstrate an efficient, semi-device-independent photonic indistinguishability witness by certifying three-photon indistinguishability on a programmable integrated quantum photonic processor.
Speckle mitigation by multimode fibers
Authors: Ivanina Aleksandra , Lyu Zhouping , Lochocki Benjamin , Amitonova Lyubov V.
Published: November 2022

In many applications, image quality degrades due to coherent artifacts, such as speckle patterns. We investigate the speckle mitigation capabilities of different multimode fibers and light bandwidths from 1 to 350 nm.
Gauge Length Optimization of DAS using Fiber Bragg Grating Strain Measurements
Authors: Weber Guilherme Heim , Jahnert Frederico , Gomes Danilo Fernandes , Martelli Cicero , Dreyer Uilian José , da Silva Jean Carlos Cardozo , Pipa Daniel Rodrigues , de Camargo Júnior Sérgio Taveira , Júnior Manoel Feliciano da Silva , da Silva Marco José
Published: November 2022

The gauge length parameter selection affects the quality of data measured in Distributed Acoustic Sensing. This paper uses Fiber Bragg Grating's strain measurements in controlled experiments to promote optimization of gauge length in DAS measurements.
Design of agri-voltaic system based on concentrator photovoltaic with spectral splitting
Authors: Vu Hoang , Shin Seoyong
Published: November 2022

This research presents a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system with spectral splitting for agri-voltaic applications. This system provides light for agriculture and electricity generation at the same time on the same land with very high efficiency.
Dimming Susceptibility of VLC Systems in Intensive Care Medical Environments
Authors: Silva Jair , Zwaag Klaas , Rocha Helder , Segatto Marcelo
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate that visible light communication (VLC) is feasible in intensive care medical units, including scenarios that demand low illuminance. Accordingly, an illuminance susceptibility survey is provided to validate the compliance of the VLC application.
Phase Response, Synchronization Dynamics and Frequency Combs in Optically Injected Lasers
Authors: Himona Georgia , Kovanis Vassilios , Kominis Yannis
Published: November 2022

The Isochrons and Phase Response Curves of an Optically Injected Laser are presented, along with their role in the synchronization dynamics under a periodic electrooptic modulation, toward providing conditions for stable phase-locking and periodic outputs in the form of Frequency Combs.
Classical perspective of optomechanical Raman cooling of a vibration
Authors: Gazizov Almaz R. , Salakhov Myakzyum Kh.
Published: November 2022

We present the theoretical description of optomechanical cooling of a molecular vibration based on the classical model of coupled oscillators. Using this model we derive similar form of optically induced decay rate of vibration as in quantum mechanical solution.
Improving of the effective fiber radius variations of SNAP structures with a femtosecond laser
Authors: Yu Qi , Shu Xuewen
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate a new approach to improve the effective radius variation of a SNAP microresonator fabricated with the femtosecond laser direct-writing technique by increasing the inscription layers inside optical fiber.
Impact of Optical Fluence on Pauli Blocking Effect in WSe2 Thin Film
Authors: Surbhi Km. , Das Ritwick
Published: November 2022

We present an investigation on the intensity-dependent nonlinear absorption in WSe
2
thin-film using Z-scan technique. Our study reveals that the WSe2 thin-film exhibits strong saturable absorption behaviour induced by Pauli-blocking effect.
Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering induced in Defects of Amorphous Carbon Thin Films
Authors: Saparina S.V. , Gazizov A. R. , Kharintsev S.S.
Published: November 2022

Ultra-thin amorphous carbon films are protective coatings of optical fibers. The formation of O- and H-containing functional groups reduces their hermeticity. In this work, we develop a method for probing the functional groups.
Repeatability and reciprocity of the cone optoretinogram
Authors: Warner R. L. , Brainard D. H. , Morgan J. I. W.
Published: November 2022

Optoretinography has enabled noninvasive visualization of physiological
changes in cone photoreceptors exposed to light. Understanding the
cone optoretinogram in healthy subjects is essential for establishing
it as a biomarker for cone function in disease. Here, we measure the
population cone intensity optoretinogram in healthy adults, for
multiple irradiance/duration combinations of visible stimuli with
equal energy. We study the within and between session repeatability
and reciprocity of the ORG in five healthy subjects. We find the cone
optoretinogram exhibits equivalent amplitudes for equal-energy
stimuli. We also find good within-subject repeatability, which allows
us to show differences across the five subjects.
Coherence-gated digital holographic imaging through fog
Authors: Groeger Alexander , Pedrini Giancarlo , Claus Daniel , Alekseenko Igor , Gloeckler Felix , Reichelt Stephan
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate single-shot digital holographic imaging and two-wavelengths shape measurement through fog.
Holographic Molecular Binding Assays
Authors: Grier David G. , Quddus Rushna , Snyder Kaitlynn , Altman Lauren E. , Kirshenbaum Kent
Published: November 2022

Holographic particle characterization yields the diameter of individual colloidal spheres with nanometer precision and can resolve probe beads growing as molecules bind to their surfaces. We demonstrate label-free holographic assays for antibodies and for antigenic proteins from pathogenic viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1.
Multi-view imaging of acoustic fields based on digital holography
Authors: Hassad Saoucene , Ferria Kouider , Bouamama Larbi , Picart Pascal
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes a digital color holographic approach for multi-view imaging of the amplitude and phase of acoustic fields. Experimental results with a 40 kHz acoustic emitter demonstrate the proof-of-concept of multi-view imaging.
Digital holographic microscopy complements mass spectrometry for label-free quantification of nanoparticles within single cells
Authors: Marzi Anne , Nordhorn Ilona , Eder Kai , Vennemann Antje , Wiemann Martin , Karst Uwe , Kemper Björn , Schnekenburger Jürgen
Published: November 2022

We combined laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) with volume measurement by digital holographic microscopy (DHM) to determine the concentration of CeO2nanoparticles in single lung epithelial cells.
2D Pupil Expansion in Plastic Curved Holographic Waveguide Combiner for AR/HUD
Authors: Blanche Pierre-Alexandre , Zhang Tianyao , Draper Craig T.
Published: November 2022

Waveguide combiners for head up display (HUD) and augmented reality (AR) have the unique advantage to decouple the field of view from the eye box size thanks to pupil replication. However, in order for the image to propagate without aberration in the waveguide, its surfaces have been kept flat and parallel. Here we are presenting a curved waveguide with 2D pupil replication that takes advantage of holographic optical elements for light injection, redirection, and extraction. These HOEs have been designed to compensate for any propagation aberration, so that the extracted image is clear to the viewer. Both ray tracing model and early experimental demonstrator are discussed.
Computer Holography Based on Phase Space Analysis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Xiao Jiasheng , Chen Lizhi , Zhu Runze
Published: November 2022

The property of space-bandwidth product in computer holography is investigated based on phase space analysis. Optimization of the hologram in joint space-frequency domain can exert comprehensive constraints on the diffraction fields for high-quality optical reconstructions.
From Ultrafast Holography to Ultrafast Tomography
Authors: Hörmann Martin , Camargo Franco V. A. , Cerullo Giulio , van Hulst Niek , Liebel Matz
Published: November 2022

We present a setup capable of performing optical diffraction tomography with femtosecond pulses broader than 100nm. This will allow recording ultrafast processes in three dimensions with spectral resolution.
Implementation of a 4-depth waveguide optical combiner using stacked volume gratings and polarization optics
Authors: Jang Junyoung , Choi Myeong-Ho , Shin Kwang-Soo , Park Jae-Hyeung
Published: November 2022

We propose a 4-depth waveguide optical combiner with stacked holographic optical elements and polarized optical components. The proposed method is implemented by applying different polarizations and incident angles of the input image on a single waveguide.
Flat Panel Head-Up Display with Motion Parallax
Authors: Sulyok Ábel , Erdei Gábor , Koppa Pál
Published: November 2022

We propose a novel type of head-up displays with larger field of view and smaller volume compared to conventional systems. The new flat panel system with 13° x 30° field of view is applicable as an augmented reality display with motion parallax.
Enhancement of perceived resolution of a three-dimensional volumetric display using a hybrid lightfield display
Authors: Choi Hee-Jin , Lee Hyeontaek , Lee Hanul , Kim Hyunsoo
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we present a hybrid lightfield display to project a higher resolution volumetric image to the retinal area of central vision modulated by a ray-steering device synchronized with a gaze-tracker. The system also provides lightfield images with a wider field of view to the retinal area with peripheral vision. The proposed structure also minimizes the mechanical movements to guarantee the reliability and stability of the system.
Etendue-Expanded Holographic Display Using Lens Array 4-f System
Authors: Chae Minseok , Yoo Dongheon , Lee Songhyun , Lee Byoungho
Published: November 2022

Typical holographic displays have limited etendue which generates the trade-off between the eye-box and field of view. Here, we propose an etendue-expanded holographic display system using a lens array 4-f system. Phase profile optimization strategy for the proposed system is also introduced.
A Correction Method for Focus Distortion Existed in SLM-based Holographic Vector Pattern Generation System for Optical Storage in Glass
Authors: Hong Jintao , Li Jin , Chu Daping
Published: November 2022

An efficient correction method is proposed for the focus distortion existed in vector-beam generation system based on Liquid Crystal on Silicon Spatial Light Modulators (LCOS SLMs) for the laser writing in glass for optical storages.
Unwanted Scene Replications in DHs for Display
Authors: Birnbaum Tobias , Blinder David , Schelkens Peter
Published: November 2022

There are multiple potential sources for unwanted scene replications in a digital holographic display pipeline. We propose a general classification and clarify their origins, providing explanations and potential solutions.
Effect of Phase Flicker in Digitally Driven Phase-Only LCoS Devices on Sharpness of Holographic Images
Authors: Wu Weijie , Pivnenko Mike , Chu Daping
Published: November 2022

Sharpness of the holographic reconstructed image under different flicker levels in a digitally driven phase-only LCoS device is investigated and compared to that of the numbers of hologram phase modulation levels through simulation and experiments.
Design and Testing of Integrated 4F System into Silicon Photonics Chip for Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Peserico Nicola , Yang Hangbo , Ma Xiaoxuan , Li Shurui , Hosseini Mostafa , George Jonathan K. , Gupta Puneet , Wong Chee Wei , Sorger Volker J.
Published: November 2022

We present our implementation of a 4F system integrated into a single Silicon Photonic chip to perform the high-speed Convolutional Neural Network by using optical on-chip FFT. We show the Silicon Photonic design, the initial optical response, and the packaging of the 4F chip.
Broadband Mach-Zehnder Modulator with Linear Driver in Electronic-Photonic Co-Integrated Platform
Authors: Kress Christian , Schwabe Tobias , Rhee Hanjo , Kerman Sarp , Scheytt Christoph J.
Published: November 2022

A monolithically integrated electronic-photonic Mach-Zehnder modulator is presented, incorporating electronic linear drivers along photonic components. An electro-optical 3 dB & 6 dB bandwidth of 24 GHz and 34 GHz respectively was measured. The on-chip drivers decrease the V
π
by a factor of 10.
Electronic photonic co-design
Authors: Idjadi Mohamad Hossein , Ashtiani Farshid , Xuan Zhe , Aflatouni Firooz
Published: November 2022

Examples of our work in electronic-photonic co-design is presented, which includes monolithic implementation of wideband optical synthesizers and Pound-Drever-Hall laser stabilization systems and hybrid-integrated phase noise filters and laser-to-RF frequency locked loops.
Individual Addressing Closely-Spaced Solid-State Defect Qubits with Microsphere-Assisted Microscopy
Authors: Moon Jong Sung , Lee Haneul , Lee Jin Hee , Jeon Woong Bae , Lee Dowon , Lee Junghyun , Paik Seoyoung , Han Sang-Wook , Reuter Rolf , Denisenko Andrej , Wrachtrup Jörg , Lee Sang-Yun , Kim Je-Hyung
Published: November 2022

By implementing microsphere-assisted confocal microscopy, we introduce a high-resolution and contrast optical interface for solid-state defect qubits. We can address single photon as well as single spin from neighboring two defects individually.
Lead-free FASnI3 laser amplifiers integrated in flexible waveguides
Authors: Suárez Isaac , Chirvony Vladimir S. , Sánchez-Díaz Jesús , Sánchez Rafael S. , Mora-Seró Iván , Martínez-Pastor Juan P.
Published: November 2022

A FASnI3 lead-free perovskite is integrated in a flexible waveguide to demonstrate Amplified Spontaneous Emission. An extremely low threshold, 1 µJ/cm2, is observed together with the formation of narrow random lasing lines (< 1 nm).
5G mm-waves Generation assisted by Integrated Optical Frequency Combs
Authors: Lima Eduardo Saia , Andriolli Nicola , Conforti Evandro , Contestabile Giampiero , Sodré Arismar Cerqueira
Published: November 2022

We experimentally demonstrated the use of an integrated optical frequency comb for generating low-phase noise mm-waves carriers, used to up-convert a 5G NR signal, providing suitable EVMRMS performance.
High Fidelity 12-Mode Quantum Photonic Processor Operating at InGaAs Quantum Dot Wavelength
Authors: de Goede M. , Snijders H. J. , Venderbosch P. , Kassenberg B. , Kannan N. , Smith D. , Taballione C. , Epping J. P. , van den Vlekkert H. H. , Renema J.J.
Published: November 2022

Reconfigurable photonic processors are crucial for photonic quantum computing. We report a low-loss, high-fidelity and universal 12-mode photonic processor at a wavelength of 940 nm, which is compatible with InGaAs quantum dot light sources.
Heterogeneous Integration of Multiwavelength Membrane Lasers Using Epitaxial Growth on InP-on-Insulator
Authors: Fujii Takuro , Sato Tomonari , Takeda Koji , Hiraki Tatsurou , Aihara Takuma , Matsuo Shinji
Published: November 2022

We present our recent achievements with a multiwavelength heterogeneously integrated directly modulated membrane laser array on Si, using selective epitaxial growth of InGaAlAs MQWs on InP membrane on SiO2 (InP-on-insulator).