bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors impacting new bone formation in transcrestal sinus floor elevation followed by implant placement: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Lin Zhe-Zhen , Xu Dong-Qian , Wang Yong , Gao Xue , Cai Qi , Ding Xi
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate factors related to NBF following simultaneous implant placement with transcrestal sinus floor elevation (TSFE).Materials and methodsBetween 2008 and 2020, 357 implants (276 patients) were placed with TSFE. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at the preoperative, postoperative, restoration, and follow-up stages. Marginal bone loss, new bone formation (NBF) during healing, and the survival rate were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsImplant protrusion lengths (3–5 mm) significantly influenced NBF during the healing period (P-value = 0.026, Odds Ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.30). Bone grafting was correlated with NBF (P-value = 0.001). The distance between the implant and lateral wall of the sinus (mesial: P-value = 0.041, distal: P-value = 0.019, buccal: P-value = 0.032, lingual: P-value = 0.043) and angle between the implant and sinus floor significantly influenced NBF in four directions (mesial: P-value = 0.041, distal: P-value = 0.02, buccal: P-value = 0.047, lingual: P-value = 0.005). Implant shape (cylindrical or conical), perforations, smoking, and diabetes did not significantly affect NBF during the healing period (P > 0.05).ConclusionIncreasing the distance and angle between the implant and lateral wall of the sinus floor corresponded with lesser NBF. Implant protrusion length (IPL) may be an important factor that should be considered.Clinical Relevance: Our study analyzed new bone formation following transcrestal sinus floor elevation among patients who underwent this procedure with simultaneous implant placement, several factors (including angle and distance between sinus and lateral wall and implant protrusion length) were included in our study.
Lateralization of the song nucleus in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata
Authors: Xie Zhaohui , Yang Xiaoxing , Zhang Cheng , Li Shaobing
Published: May 2022

The vocal control system of songbirds has a significant laterality in song output control, and the adult zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata has a significant advantage in the right high vocal center (HVC) in song frequency domain and intensity control. We investigated the allometric relationship between song control nucleus and brain scale in zebra finches, investigated whether HVC and the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA) had similar differences in volume, cell density and cell number, and whether Testosterone (T) played a role in these differences. The results of Nissl staining and Immunohistochemistry show that although there is no significant difference between left and right HVC in nucleus volume, cell density and cell number (P > 0.05), the correlation parameters on the right side are always higher than those on the left side. On nucleus volume and cell number, both sides of the RA have no significant different (P > 0.05), but on the cell density has a significant (P < 0.05). Testosterone receptors (TR), on both sides the HVC and RA, have no significant difference (P > 0.05). The growth rate of left and right HVC and RA is consistent with that of brain (K > 1). HVC and RA are well fitted to brain length, width and height, and the intercept is also very close. What’s more, the song nucleus always show negative growth relationship with the three-dimensional parameters of the brain. Therefore, while the living environment remains relatively constant, songbirds will continue to strictly follow the existing allometric growth pattern, and any individuals that deviate seriously from this development pattern will show more inadaptability.
Malignant gastrointestinal PEComa misdiagnosed as Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of ovary: a case report
Authors: Xu Yan , Lin Binghu , Lei Junping , Shang Song , Fu Jia
Published: May 2022

Background: Perivascular epithelial cell malignant tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal tumor with the characteristics of perivascular epithelioid cells in histology and immunophenotype. It mostly occurs in kidney, uterus, liver and so on. Solid pseudopapillary is a tumor that commonly originates in the pancreas. Solid pseudopapillary of ovary is similar to PEComa in histology and is easily misdiagnosed in clinic. This paper reports a case of malignant gastrointestinal PEComa misdiagnosed as solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of ovary. Case summary: A 35-year-old female patient came to our hospital with intermittent right lower abdominal pain for more than 1 month. After the completion of relevant examinations, the possibility of sigmoid colon tumor infiltration in the right adnexa was considered before surgery. On February 12, 2018, the tumor was surgically removed, the pathological examination showed that there was solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the ovary. The patient received four cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and platinum after surgery. The patient recovered well after operation, and there were no complications. Two years later, a pulmonary nodule was found in the reexamination, and the pulmonary lesions were surgically removed. Immunotherapy (Tislelizumab) and targeted therapy (Apatinib) are then given. After consulting several laboratories and testing institutions, the final diagnosis was (sigmoid colon) Malignant gastrointestinal PEComa involves (right) ovary and (right upper lung) lung metastasis. The patient died a month ago from complications. Discussion: Clinicians must understand PEComa in order to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.
Implementation of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in the Vascular Surgery Ward of a university tertiary care hospital in Pavia, Northern Italy
Authors: Vecchia Marco , Colaneri Marta , Sacchi Paolo , Marvulli Lea Nadia , Salvaderi Andrea , Lanza Jessica , Boschini Stefano , Ragni Franco , Marone Piero , Cutti Sara , Muzzi Alba , Marena Carlo , Calvi Monica , Scudeller Luigia , Marone Enrico Maria , Bruno Raffaele
Published: May 2022

Background.
Given the unquestionable issue of antimicrobial resistance and the importance of instituting antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs), the commitment of multidisciplinary teams in achieving these interventions is often inadequately considered, especially in surgical wards, where antibiotic misuse is a well-recognized phenomenon.
Methods.
A quasi-experimental quality-improvement study was applied in the Vascular Surgery ward of Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, a tertiary care hospital in Pavia, Italy, with the aim to evaluate clinical, microbiological, and pharmacological outcomes before and after the implementation of an ASP. The antimicrobial stewardship activity was conducted twice a week for twelve months. It consisted of either a pro-active systematic revision of all the ongoing antimicrobial prescriptions by the infectious diseases (ID) consultant and education and training of the healthcare workers of the Vascular Surgery ward in antimicrobial stewardship and infection control. For comparison between the study periods, Student t test (Mann-Whitney test for skewed distributions) was used for quantitative variables (ANOVA or Kruskall-Wallis for > 2 groups respectively), and Pearson’s chi-squared test (Fisher exact test where appropriate) for categorical variables. In all cases, 2-tailed tests were used. P-value significance cut-off was 0.05.
Results.
During the 12-month period following the start of the ASP, 186 ID consultations were performed, mostly aimed at de-escalating an ongoing antimicrobial therapy (39, 20.97%). A statistically significant reduction in isolates of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p-value 0.003) and no Clostridioides difficile infections were reported. No statistically significant changes were observed in terms of length of stay and all-cause in-hospital mortality. A significant decrease in the administration of carbapenems (mean DDDs from 4.53 to 1.51, p-value 0.01), daptomycin (mean DDDs from 2.64 to 0.05, p-value < 0.01) and linezolid (mean DDDs from 0.49 to 0.26, p-value 0.43) was registered. During the intervention period, a significant reduction in antimicrobial costs was observed.
Conclusions.
The implementation of a 12-month ASP brought significant clinical and economic results in the Vascular Surgery ward of our hospital, highlighting the benefits of a multidisciplinary teamwork.
Prevalence and genetic variants of G6PD deficiency among malaria suspected patients in Shele and Lante Health Center, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Negash Meshesha T. , Golassa Lemu , Feleke Sindew M. , Lo Eugenia , Nega Desalegn , Kepple Daniel , Witherspoon Logan , Tasew Geremew , Shenkutie Tassew T. , Adamu Aderaw , Gidey Bokretsion , Hailu Hiwot A. , Degu Sileshi , Kassie Enirsie , Mekonen Bacha , Yimer Mengistu , Dugassa Sisay
Published: May 2022

Background
The glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme is a cytoplasmic enzyme for all human cells, involves in the pentose phosphate pathway of metabolic reaction. It protects red blood cells from cellular oxidative damage by detoxifying free radicals. Primaquine can cause acute hemolytic anemia while administered for the treatment of malaria patients with G6PD deficiency. It is the first-line drug against the pre-erythrocyte stage of P. vivax and the gametocyte stage of P. falciparum. The study aims to determine the G6PD deficiency among malaria-suspected patients.
Method
A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted for a total of 858 self-presented malaria suspected patients in Shele and Lante health centers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic and clinical information of the study participants. Blood samples were collected for onsite G6PD activity measurement, DBS preparation, and malaria microscopy. The G6PD enzyme activity was measured by the CareSTART G6PD biosensor analyzer. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.
Results
Among 858 study participants, 49.3% (423) were males. The median age and interquartile range were 26 and 21 years respectively. The median of the G6PD enzyme level was 5.9, and the interquartile range of the G6PD enzyme level was 4.2 respectively. Of the study participants, 14.3%, 9.3%, and 4.1% were infected with P. falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed parasites respectively. The phenotypic G6PD deficiency rate was 4.8% (41/858).The common G6PD mutations identified in the study population were A376G (0.35%), G267 + 119C/T (1.05%), and G1116A (0.35%). Additional mutations such as A376T (A◊T) and G1116T (G◊T) were identified for the first time in Ethiopia.
Conclusion
The prevalence rate of G6PD deficiency was modest. However, the clinicians have to consider hemolysis risk during primaquine treatment in the study area. G267 + 119C/T was the most frequent variant, although A376G and G1116A were also identified.
Effect of Macro-Synthetic Fibers on the Flexural Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete Beams
Authors: Guda Hemalatha , C. Sashidhar
Published: May 2022

The inclusion of fibers in Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a prominent technique to attain concrete of superior mechanical properties. The effect of fibers on the flexural strength of SCC beams requires further supportive research. This study is carried out to comprehend the behaviour of the SCC flexural behaviour of beams. The beams were cast with SCC in which macro synthetic fibers (MSF) at doses of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% were included. Natural river sand has been supplemented with Manufactured sand (M-sand). Cement employed in the study was only 65% of the required cementitious material and 35% of cement content was replaced with pozzolanic materials such as fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). Various dosages of mineral admixtures were adopted; FA was invariably utilized in all the mixes.Fibers are known to intervene in the flow properties of SCC. Only the mixes which exhibited satisfactory flow characteristics were adopted in the casting of the specimens. Six categories of mixes, with various combinations of mineral admixtures, were adopted. In each category, four varieties of specimens with different fiber contents (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%) were included. The flexural strengths of MSF-SCC beams with various dosages of fibers were compared with those of SCC with no fiber content. From the results, it has been concluded that the addition of MSF results in the enhancement of the flexural strength of SCC beam.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder : what are the relationships with Gaming Disorder Symptoms and the motivations to play?
Authors: Chauchard Emeline , Simon Amélie , Boudoukha Abdel-Halim , Galan Clémentine , Rouzo Stevens , Penthier Lou , Moreau Axelle
Published: May 2022

Objectives: This study aim to evaluate the relationship between ADHD and Gaming Disorder symptoms (GDs) in an adult sample, taking inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity dimensions into account. Secondly, this study explores the motivations for playing among gamers with a potential diagnosis of ADHD compared to non-ADHD gamers.Method: 178 participants from the general population completed an online survey. They completed the Game Addiction Scale (GAS), Game Play Motivations (GPM) and the WHO Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS).Results: 57 participants (32%) had a probable diagnosis of ADHD, 55.1% (n = 98) had GD, including 40 with comorbid ADHD (40.8%). The inattention and impulsivity dimensions of ADHD predicted GDs. In the ADHD sample, the game mechanics and escapism motivations predicted GDs.Conclusions: ADHD and GD are strongly related in our sample, and escapism predict GDs in both the ADHD and non-ADHD samples. Implications for prevention, psychotherapy and future directions are discussed.
Phylogeographic population diversity of Bipolaris sorokiniana causing spot blotch disease in wheat and barley
Authors: Sharma Pradeep , Mishra Shefali , Singroha Garima , Selvakumar Rajan , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Singh Gyanendra Pratap
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe spot blotch disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is economically important fungal pathogen infecting wheat, barley and other crops. The disease is most prevalent in humid, warm wheat-growing regions and the Eastern Gangetic Plains of South Asia serving as a hotspot. very scanty and fragmentary information is available on its genetic variability, demography, and divergence period. The current study is the first detailed report to compare the phylogeographic patterns of B. sorokiniana isolates collected from different wheat and barley growing regions worldwide, with the goal of elucidating the demographic history and divergence time estimates. ResultsIn this study, we used multi-locus sequence (ITS, GAPDH and TEF-α1 genes) analysis to investigate the phylogeographic pattern of distribution and evolution of the 254 isolates of B. sorokiniana infecting wheat and barley . The degrees of differentiation among B. sorokiniana sequences from eighteen countries reflect the presence of a worldwide population that is broad and geographically undifferentiated. The analysis yielded fourty haplotypes. The ancestral haplotype was determined to be the dominant haplotype H_1 followed by H_29 and H_27, in which H_1 occupies a central position in the median-joining network and is shared by multiple populations from different continents. The phylogeographic patterns of multigene analysis of species as well as the preponderance of a single haplotype, suggest that human-mediated dispersal may have had a significant role in shaping the population of this pathogen.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the presence of one haplotype at a very high frequency and low genetic differentiation in B. sorokiniana suggests that the durability of resistance in host plants against pathogens could be improved by exchange of elite resistance lines from different countries. For the current distribution of species, divergence time analysis suggests that haplogroups began at the Plio/Pleistocene boundary.
Acute toxicity of titanium dioxide (MTiO2 ) microparticles in Artemia salina nauplii instar I and II
Authors: Pinheiro Sergimar Kennedy de Paiva , Lima Ana Kamila Medeiros , Miguel Thaiz Batista Azevedo Rangel , Pireda Saulo , Fechine Pierre Basílio Almeida , Filho Antonio Gomes Souza , Miguel Emilio de Castro
Published: May 2022

In this study, the toxicity effects of titanium dioxide (MTiO2) microparticles on A. salina nauplii instar I and II between 24 and 48 h was evaluated. The MTiO2 were characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Zeta potential (ζ), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). MTiO2 rutile phase with an average crystallite size of 114.5 ± 2.44 nm was used in toxicity tests at concentration of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 ppm. No toxicity was observed in A. salina nauplii instar I at the time of 24 and 48 h. However, A. salina nauplii instar II toxicity was observed within 48 h of exposure. MTiO2 dispersed with concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 ppm were lethal for 30%, 50% and 30% of the individuals respectively, thus showing a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) relative to the control group, artificial sea water (ASW). The mortality number of A. salina was recorded and LC50 value of 50 ppm was calculated. Analysis of optical and SEM revealed tissue damage and morphological changes in A. salina nauplii instar II. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy, cell damage was observed due to the toxicity of MTiO2 at a concentration of 20, 50 and 100 ppm in nauplii instar II. At this stage, A. salina was more affected by the action of MTiO2 with higher mortality rate, morphological alterations and cellular damage.
An effective method studies the β5 subunit activity of immunoproteasome in vitro
Authors: Lv Hengjuan , Yue Hui , FU DAN
Published: May 2022

The immunoproteasome has been found to connect multiple diseases, such as multiple myeloma and autoimmune disorders, and these antagonists of immunoproteasomes urgently need to be developed into drugs to relieve the suffering of patients. We summarized previous experiences and finally provided a simple and sensitive approach to detect β5i (the β5 subunit of the immunoproteasome) activity for research or industrial purposes. The results show that the published IC50 of ONX-0914 or bortezomib is repeatable with our assay. We also detected β5i activity in different cell lines, and the IC50 is acceptable and stable to be verified by many tests. It is worth noting that the combination of digitonin and a lower concentration of NP-40 will maintain higher immunoproteasome activity and completely lyse the cell membrane. Meanwhile, a lower concentration of DMSO is required to improve the kinetic process and reach the maximum rate of reaction. Compared to the β5c assay, the β5i commercial kit is limited to being selected. We prefer to make a highly efficient kit for the β5i assay to meet the academic or clinical needs of researchers, and it could be extensively used due to the cheaper cost and stability in the application.
Assessment of histopathological parameters and survival difference in EBV-positive and EBV-negative prostate carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Khalid , Sheikh Alisalman , Fatima Saira , Haider Ghulam , Abbas Farhat , Ghias Kulsoom , Mughal Nouman , Abidi Syed Hani
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Several studies have shown an association between prostate carcinoma (PCa) and certain viral infections, such as HPV, EBV, CMV, etc. Despite the evidence about the presence of the EBV in PCa tissues, it is unknown if the presence of EBV is associated with any distinct histopathological characteristics and/or survival advantages/disadvantages in patients with PCa. In this study, therefore, we analyzed the LMP-1 expression, and histopathological characteristics of EBV-positive and -negative PCa tissues, followed by the survival analysis in patients from the two groups.Material & Methods: LMP-1 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in the EBV PCR-positive FFPE PCa samples. Subsequently, two key parameters for the characterization of PCa, i.e., Gleason scores and perineural invasion (PNI), along with intratumoral lymphocytes and stromal lymphocytic infiltration was studied in the EBV-positive and -negative PCa tissues. Lastly, the survival benefit analysis of EBV-positive and EBV-negative PCa patients was performed.Results: EBV LMP1 protein expression was found in 70.96% of EBV PCR-positive PCa tissues. Histopathological analysis showed significantly higher (p<0.05) mean major and total Gleason scores, and perineural invasion (80%) in EBV-positive as compared with the EBV-negative PCa samples. We also found a higher percentage of intratumoral and tumor-stromal lymphocytic infiltration in EBV-positive PC samples as compared to EBV-negative PCa samples. Overall, the survival proportion was similar in both EBV-positive and EBV-negative groups. However, a small difference in survival benefit emerged in the 38th month, where the mean percent survival was higher in EBV-positive PCa (41.6%) patients as compared to EBV-negative PCa patients (19.96%).Conclusion: In conclusion, the presence of EBV in the PCa tissues may lead to aggressive forms of cancer. Further studies with a larger sample size are required to strengthen the link between EBV, PCa prognosis, and survival.
Optimization of vqPCR for Reliable Detection of Viable Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in Citrus
Authors: Louzada Eliezer , Vazquez Omar , Chavez Sandy , Sétamou Mamoudou , Kunta Madhurababu
Published: May 2022

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, also known as “citrus greening”), an important disease worldwide, is associated with three species of phloem-limited Candidatus liberibacter, of which Candidatus L. asiaticus (CLas) is the predominant one that has severely affected citrus production. TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (TM) has been the standard and very efficient method to diagnose several strains of Candidatus Liberibacter in citrus; however, it detects total bacteria and is unable to differentiate dead from live Liberibacter. The detection of only live bacteria is essential for testing methods of control for this important citrus disease. It is well known that ethidium monoazide and propidium monoazide (PMA) are compounds that supposedly enter only dead or membrane-damaged bacteria, intercalate the DNA strand, and make the DNA unavailable for amplification by PCR. These compounds are widely used when extracting the plant DNA to detect only live bacteria. In this research, we tested primers amplifying products from 79 to 1160 bp in TM and SYBR Green real-time PCR (SG) and PMA as DNA intercalating compound. Specifically, primers amplifying a 500-bp amplicon in SG provided the most reliable live-only detection, whereas those producing a smaller amplicon were unable to distinguish between live and dead. This is the first report of testing primers amplifying various amplicon sizes for the detection of only live CLas cells in citrus.
Assessing Various Strategies used by Adolescents to Overcome Adversity
Authors: Singh Anshikha , Sharmila Khwairakpam , Agarwal Shalini
Published: May 2022

Adolescent adversity has been shown to predict later mental and physical health outcomes. Understanding which aspect and development timings of adversity is important. The study aims to assess various strategies adopted by adolescents to overcome adversity. The study was conducted on 150 adolescents from Lucknow city in the age ranging from 10 to 19 years, out of which 79 were boys and 71 were girls. The main strategies adopted by adolescents to overcome adversity were found that majority (94%) of the adolescents visualize the outcome of adversity. While, 86.6% adolescents take lesson from every failure and setback and so on. Among Girls, all (100%) of them visualize the outcome. While 70.4% drop negative self- talk and so on. Boys, and equal proportion (89.8%) of respondents reported that they Embrace adversity as a chance for opportunity, talk it over with a like-minded person, stop making excuses and Have faith, followed by create a game plan (73.4%), etc.
An Overview of COVID-19 PAN India
Authors: Abbas N. Syed , Arora Sanya , Anand Rashi , Bhardwaj Sujata , Dinakaran Jesudoss , Kaula Babeeta Chrungu , Nasreen Syed , Vadakan Alka Bansal
Published: May 2022

COVID -19 is a highly contagious viral disease that affects human populations very differently ranging from mild-to-moderate flu-like symptoms to serious complications involving mainly the respiratory system. The causative pathogen is a new virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. The viral disease gripped millions of lives in a short span, due to which World Health Organization announced it as pandemic on March 11, 2020. Various measures were adopted at local and global levels to stop immediate escalation of the viral infection. A complete lockdown was imposed, movement was restricted, industries were shut down, vehicles were prohibited to ply; only the production and supply of essential services were permitted. On one hand, the fatal disease posed a serious threat to life and quarantine caused loneliness but on the other hand, such unprecedented crisis had a positive impact on overall healing of nature. The economy and health infrastructure of various countries collapsed in fighting the pandemic. To revive, switching over to green economy may be the most viable option and it will also be a climate-conscious approach. The current review article gives an insight about COVID-19 pandemic and fight against it from India’s perspective.
A Hospital-based Survey on the Pattern of Ocular Diseases in Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Fatima Aal E. , Afzal Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Aims and Objectives: Ocular morbidities involve a spectrum of eye diseases that affect one’s quality of life. Therefore, in view of the importance of visual impairment and lack of precise information, the study was conducted to determine the prevalence of various ocular morbidities in patients attending an eye hospital in relation to demographic factors. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gandhi Eye Hospital, Aligarh, from April 2018 to June 2019. The information regarding name, gender, residential address, marriage, and diagnosis were recorded. Chi-square test was applied to test the statistical significance. Results: A total of 812 individuals formed the study population. The majority of patients were from the age group 11–20 years. The prevalence of ocular morbidities was 54.1% among males and 45.9% among females. Conjunctivitis (22.5%), refractive errors (20.0%) and cataract (16.4%) formed more than 50% of ocular morbidities followed by strabismus (7.6%), corneal opacity (7.0%), glaucoma (5.9%), amblyopia (2.9%), Vit A deficiency (2.8%), blepharitis (2.8%), and ptosis (2.2%). Conclusion: The study reveals that conjunctivitis and refractive errors were the most common causes of ocular disorder among children and cataract was the most common cause of visual impairment among the elderly population. Since majority of the causes were either treatable or preventable, therefore health education activities and programs should be intensified.
Development and Validation of the Patient Information Leaflet for Pregnant Women
Authors: Nekkanti Vineela , Kishore Githa
Published: May 2022

Objective: The objective of the study is to prepare, validate and analyze the user understanding of the pictogram-based leaflet. Methods: The patient information leaflet (PIL) was prepared by referring to national and international guidelines. It was reviewed by an expert committee for content and layout. The readability of the PIL was assessed using the Flesch readability ease (FRE) score and Flesch Kincaid Grade Level score (FK-GL), while the layout was validated using Baker Able leaflet design (BALD) criteria. In addition, a pre and post-test study of user-testing and user-opinion methods were employed to validate both English and Kannada versions of PIL. Results: The FRE, FKGL, and BALD score of the final version of the prepared leaflet was found to be 70.5, 5.8, and 31, respectively. The user testing scores of PIL were improved from pre-test score of 62.5 ± 9.26 to post-test score of 88.5 ± 6.99 with P < 0.0001. The overall patient education materials assessment tool for printable materials score assigned by study participants was found to be good 32 (80.32%) and average 8 (20%). Conclusion: This study showed that the use of well-developed and validated leaflet as an effective educational tool for patient education may have a positive impact on knowledge and attitude of pregnant women toward the antenatal care for better pregnancy outcomes.
Physical and Anthropometric Comparison of Selected Team Games University Players
Authors: Joshi Hem Chandra , Mandoli Sapna
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to compare the Anthropometric measurements and physical fitness components among team games. The subject for this study were forty-five (n = 45) male players in which fifteen of were handball sports, and remaining fifteen-fifteen were of Basketball and Volleyball sports. The subjects selected for the study were all India university players. The variables selected for the study under Anthropometric measurements were shoulder width, arm length, elbow breadth, waist circumference, calf circumference, and leg length whereas physical fitness components were speed, agility, explosive leg strength, and flexibility. All three selected groups were assessed for the anthropometric measurements as well as the physical variables required for the comparison using standardized procedure recommended by established literature. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and the descriptive statistics were expressed as mean (SD) and standard deviation for each variable, while ANOVA test was applied to compare the groups on the basis of selected parameters. The results showed no significant difference in all selected anthropometric as well as the physical parameters except flexibility (F = 3.709; P = 0.033) at 0.05 alpha level and the researcher concluded on the basis of results that because of symmetricity in movement patterns in the court as well as the same nature of activity and anthropometric similarity (Height) did not create much difference in all selected anthropometrical and physical performance parameters while comparing handball, basketball, and volleyball players all together.
Nutrient Dense Ready to Prepare Meetha cheela for Elderly People at Risk of Malnutrition
Authors: Agarwal Vyoma , Joshi Ila
Published: May 2022

Elderly people suffer from a number of physical, psychological, and social changes which makes them vulnerable to malnutrition. These changes present the need to develop nutrient dense products which can be easily prepared by them. The present study was planned with the objective to prepare such a product. The ingredients for the ready to prepare (RTP) sweet cheela mix were subjected to various processing techniques to increase nutrient availability and digestibility. A combination of wheat, green gram whole, and finger millet (ragi) was used in different proportions (15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%) in the first stage of value addition. Value addition was carried out in the most acceptable variation from Stage 1, using processed mango, nuts, and oilseeds in different proportions (10%, 20%, and 30%). The RTP meetha cheela mix of the most acceptable variation was selected through sensory evaluation and then subjected to biochemical analysis and shelf life assessment. The results revealed MCF3 (30%) to be the most acceptable variation after Stage 2 value addition, which contained flours of malted finger millet, wheat, green gram along with dried ripe mango, almonds, raisins, sunflower seeds, and sesame seeds. The prepared mix had statistically significant higher amount of fat, fiber, ash, carbohydrate, energy, Vitamin C, β carotene, Vitamin E, calcium, potassium, and total antioxidant activity. Low moisture levels and vacuum packaging provided the product a good shelf life till 3 months.
Emulgel - A Novel Advance for Skin Disease
Authors: Bagul Harshada , Pathan Vasim , Jadhav Anil
Published: May 2022

A topically applied drug delivery system is used for the direct approach of drugs into the general circulation of the skin. There are many dosage forms to treat dermatological diseases. In that emulgels are recent attention to the scientist, because it has features of both gel and emulsion control release drug delivery system. When gel and emulsion get homogenized together that term is mentioned as emulgel. It is incorporated as a current novel drug delivery system used for topical drug delivery. Emulgels have dual control release mechanism because of the combined features of gel and emulsion. These are either oil-in-water or water-in-oil systems that form a gel-like structure using a polymer called gelling agents. Mixing of gel into emulsion leads to the stable formulation. This novel advance is used for the broad range of active pharmaceutical ingredient molecules mostly for the hydrophobic drug which has less solubility in water. Due to its greaseless texture, it has good patient compliance. Mostly, analgesic and antifungal drugs were introduced into emulgel formulation.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Prediabetes in Madurai City
Authors: Grace J. Mary Ann , Karthiga K.
Published: May 2022

Type 2 Diabetes is common today among people irrespective of age and as a known fact India has high prevalence of it. Preventing this growing rate of Type 2 Diabetes can be done by making prediabetes screening a mandatory measure as it poses a high risk factor. Hence, this study focuses on the prevalence and risk factors of prediabetes in Madurai City. A cross-sectional survey among people aged above 18 years was conducted and sixteen prediabetes screening centers were set up in different places in Madurai after ethical clearance. 1050 individuals volunteered with prior consent. Their demographics, anthropometric measurements, diets, physical activity, and medical history including blood pressure and venous fasting plasma glucose were collected. It was classified as prediabetes if the fasting plasma glucose was >100 mg/dl and <126 mg/dl and were not previously diagnosed with diabetes. Statistical significance for pair wise comparisons was assessed by one-way ANOVA test. Fasting blood sugar was computed with age, weight, body mass index (BMI), family history, physical activity, polycystic ovarian disease, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Chi square test was used to compare the categorical outcomes between the study groups. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. 15% were prediabetes and other contributing factors found were family history, elevated serum cholesterol levels and blood pressure, BMI, and lifestyle changes. Therefore, the study suggests that lifestyle modifications among prediabetes like strict calorie restriction, low fat and high fiber rich food with regular exercise will help prevent diabetes.
Prevalence of Modifiable Risk Factors of Falls in Post-operative Elderly
Authors: Ramesh Chavan Sujit , Ishan Phatak , Sandeep Shinde , Pise Shilpa
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Falls are very common in elderly individuals. Falls are the accounting for morbidity and mortality. Falls are one of the major reasons in the elderly for hospitalization. Falls may lead to disability and sometimes patient may become handicap. Large number of elderly populations in rural as well as urban suffering from this problem. Many studies done on causes of falls. However, very less research is done on the prevalence of modifiable risk factors of falls in post-operative elderly individuals. Hence, there is a need to find out the modifiable risk factors which people can alter to reduce risk of fall. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to study and find out the prevalence of modifiable risk factors of falls in post-operative elderly individuals. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study with a total of 100 participants. The participants were elderly individuals who had a fall and underwent surgery for fracture correction. Both male and female age groups above 60 years old were selected for the study. Participants were selected from Krishna Hospital, Karad. Outcome measures were included visual examination, balance test, manual muscle testing, goniometry, and neurological examination. Results: The results have shown that the highest risk factor for falls is due to slippery floor (21%) followed by falls during toilet activities (14%). It can be seen that poor balance (13%), reduced strength of muscles (11%), and reduced range of motion (9%) also play a key role in being a risk factor for falls. The figure depicts other factors such as poor lighting (7%), climbing up and down the stairs (6%), improper foot wear (5%), and obesity (4%) is also responsible for falls in the elderly. Lack of use of assistive devices (4%), gait deficit (3%), wrong exercise habits (2%), and clothing (1%) also are some risk factors for falls to some extent. Conclusion: This study concludes that falls due to slippery floors are one of the most common occurrences followed by falls during toilet activities and due to poor balance. Other modifiable risk factors for falls include reduced strength of muscles, reduced range of motion, improper foot wear, clothing, gait deficit, climbing up or down the stairs, obesity, poor lighting, wrong exercise habits, and lack of use of assistive devices. It is of utmost importance to identify the modifiable risk factors in the elderly to prevent injuries and improve quality of life of the elderly.
Association Study between T2DM and CAPN10 SNP-19 (rs3842570) Polymorphism in Navi Mumbai Population
Authors: Bhori Mustansir , Tungare Kanchanlata , More Shyam , Sukumaran Sangeeta , Vidhate Deepali , Gharat Adveta , Marar Thankamani
Published: May 2022

Genetic research has brought a lot of new knowledge in the area of genetic predisposition of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has been proposed that excessive insulin resistance and obesity are also responsible for the higher incidence of type 2 diabetes. Calpain-10 (CAPN10) is a member of a large family of intracellular proteases. The polymorphism at deletion/insertion SNP19 of this gene influences susceptibility to T2DM. The aim of the study was to determine whether calpain-10 (ins/del SNP19) polymorphism contributes significantly to susceptibility to T2DM in population of Navi Mumbai. The study included randomly selected 75 patients of which 33 had T2DM and 42 served as control subjects. Mean waist-to-hip ratio, HDL, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol, and triglyceride showed no difference whereas mean of age, FBS, and body mass index showed significant differences between the control and diabetes subjects. Genotyping of calpain-10 (ins/del SNP19) polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction method. Among 75 participants, for allele-specific SNP19, genotype frequencies of allele1 (2R-32 bp), heterozygous allele (2R-3R 32 bp), and allele 2 (3R-32 bp) were 20 (26.6%), 36 (48%), and 19 (25.3%) observed, respectively. The results from the present study have indicated that CAPN10 (SNP19) shows no significant association with T2DM and more extensive studies on T2DM using candidate gene approach may provide better preventive measures and potential disease diagnostic tools.
Prevalence of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Rural Housewives in Central India
Authors: Mondal Jaita , Bhattacharjee Tapati
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Domestic work that includes cleaning, cooking, moping, tidying up, and procurement of basic amenities often extends to the entire day and requires significant physical, emotional, and intellectual labor. The economic burden of musculoskeletal pain is ranked as second to that of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among the rural housewives in Central India and to find out the association of prevalence with demographic variables. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 housewives who were selected through random sampling from the villages of Raipur district, Chhattisgarh. Demographic proforma and the standardized musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire were used to collect data regarding MSDs after obtaining all legal permissions. Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Around 61% (303) housewives were around 61% (303) were suffering with musculoskeletal discomforts and out of them 39.27% had pain at the hip region, 37.95% were suffering with lower backache and 19.47% had pain in both knees. There was a significant association (P < 0.05) of the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomforts with age, body mass index, marital status, no. of children, and monthly income. Conclusion: Housewives’ socio-economic and physical health status are contributing risk factors toward the prevalence of MSDs. The social, psychological, and work-related factors are not only affecting the housewife’s health and safety it also reducing the gross productivity. Thus, an education and practice of good posture, ergonomic measures, health schemes, and health awareness among rural housewives are very much required.
Ayurvedic Management of Mootraghata (Benign Prostate Hyperplasia) – A Systemic Review
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Dudhamal T. S.
Published: May 2022

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) are quite common in aging males and these affect the quality of life of an individual. From out of various etiologies of LUTS, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) has a high prevalence itself. Similarly, in ancient times, Acharya’s described various types of Mootraghata with their various etiological factors. Ayurveda clinicians and postgraduate institutes are being conducted researches or clinical trials with various modalities in the management of Mootraghata. Many of the researches done on Mootraghata remain in the library in the form of gray literature. Evidence-based medicine is the key to conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of currently available medicines for the best result of individual patient care. The research that was published in research journals can be summarized to know the treatment modalities in the management of BPH. In the review, the clinical studies/trials from the year January 2001 to 2021 are included in the study. For that purpose, the data mining was done through search engines, that is, Google Scholar, Ayush Research Portal, Dhara, AYU, Ayu-Care, J-Gate, J-Aim, Google, PubMed, Sci-Hub, and Shodhganga. In this review total, 50 studies have been collected from the available online search engine, out of 50 studies, 30 studies are having clinical intervention while 20 are review articles. Based on this review, the presented review article provides information on BPH and its treatment by herbal medicine, prognosis, and limitations of conservative treatment, and uses of parameters to the assessment of BPH.
Nutritional Status of Vegetable Cultivators of West Bengal, India
Authors: Ghosh Jagannath , Agrawal Shruti , Ghosh Pratiti
Published: May 2022

Background: West Bengal is a major producer of fresh vegetables in India. Despite that the farmers belongs to the low socio-economic group and thus their food insecurity exists, necessitating assessment of their nutritional status. Methods: Based on their activity level, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of 333 vegetable cultivators of North 24 Parganas district comprising of both males and females. Using 24-hr dietary recall questionnaire, the daily nutritional intake were evaluated to estimate nutritional insufficiency, including that of vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and vitamin C, iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium. The collected data were statistically analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test using SPSS (version 22). Result and Conclusion: Deficiency of micronutrients is common among the vegetable cultivators, along with excess intake of energy which create imbalance in the nutrient intake irrespective of gender and activity levels.
Spiritual Intelligence among the Elderly across Gender: A Comparative Study
Authors: Rao Pragya , Agarwal Shalini
Published: May 2022

Aging, an inevitable process, is commonly measured by chorological age and as a convention, a person aged 65 years or more is often referred to as the “elderly.” The present study intends to identify spiritual intelligence among the elderly across gender. Sample for the study comprised 133 elderly (97 males and 36 females) between 60 and above of 75 years of age group. The 29-item spiritual intelligence questionnaire by Abdollahzadap1 et al. (2009) was used to assess the level of spiritual intelligence. The questionnaire measures the spiritual in terms of who are and what a particular person is and what constitute person’s spirituality. The test indicated no significant in spiritual well-being difference between male and female. In addition, there was no significant difference between females and males in terms of different components of spiritual intelligence.
Food Intake, Oral Hygiene Practices, Self-reported Oral Problems, and Knowledge of Oral Diseases among Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women Attending Community Health Center, Child Care Center, and Tertiary Care Hospital in Urban Ajmer
Authors: Singh Deepika , Prakash Bharti
Published: May 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine food intake, the level of knowledge of oral diseases, practices regarding oral hygiene, and self-reported oral problems among pregnant and non-pregnant women attending community health center, child care center, and tertiary care hospital in urban Ajmer. Materials and Methods: This was a quantitative, questionnaire-based, and cross-sectional study, in which 300 respondents of 20–35 years of age. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: Participants in the knowledge of oral diseases were 26% gingivitis signs including gum swelling (5.7%) and bleeding (9.7%). Of all the participants, 21.3% practiced tooth brushing twice/day, 65.7% used toothpowder, and dental floss (17.7). Self-reported oral problems included reddish gums (8%), painful gums (10.7%), burning mouth (15.7%), dry mouth (28%), and bad breath (7%). Conclusion: Majority of women studied no basic knowledge of oral diseases and only few knew the causes. All respondents performed tooth cleaning however, majority did not know the appropriate practices, and only few had oral problems. Integration of oral health care to general health promotion and oral therapy given to pregnant women at high risk is recommended to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.
A Review on Pharmacognosy, Phytoconstituents, Pharmacological Activities of Murraya koenigii Plant
Authors: Singla Shivali , Sharma Anjali , Goyal Sachin , Kumari Chinu
Published: May 2022

Nature is the main source of supplements that one human needs. Some of the traditional medicines systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Chinese belong to the medicines that obtained from natural sources and all human may depend upon that medicines from the ancient times. Murraya koenigii is herbal plant belongs to the family Rutaceae. It is commonly known as curry leaves. There is a large range of the plant M. koenigii and mostly found in tropical and subtropical regions in the world. The leaves of plants are used in treating piles, inflammation, itching, fresh cuts, dysentery, bruises, and edema. Roots of the plants are purgatives. They are used to stimulate the body and body aches. The bark is used in treating snakebites. The essential oils are extracted from M.koenigii leaves that are used in anti‐oxidative, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti‐inflammatory, and nephroprotective activities. The various medicinal properties of M. koenigii are depend on their chemical constituents like terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, carbohydrates, carotenoids, vitamins, and nicotinic acid from various parts of the M. koenigii plant. This review leads to show the various activities, uses, phytoconstituents, description of plant, and preclinical investigations which occurs instead of the studied plant.