bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stability testing of gadoteridol and gadobenate dimeglumine formulations under exposure to high-intensity focused ultrasound
Authors: Colombo Serra Sonia , Gaud Emmanuel , Bano Esmejona , Bicocchi Giacomo , Bruno Erik , Tedoldi Fabio
Published: September 2022

Objective:

Contrast-enhanced MRI could be useful to guide high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment (HIFU), but the effects of HIFU on gadolinium-based agents is not known. Here, we tested in vitro the stability of gadoteridol and gadobenate dimeglumine, two widely used MR contrast agents, after exposure to HIFU at power levels typically applied in the clinical practice.

Methods:

0.5 M (gadoteridol and gadobenate dimeglumine) and diluted formulations (1:10 gadoteridol in saline) were exposed to different HIFU sequences. Unexposed and exposed solutions were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography in terms of concentration of gadolinium complex, free gadolinium and free ligand.

Results:

Gadoteridol formulation after treatment showed concentrations of the complex not significantly different from control. Free Gd and/or free ligand concentrations in the order of 0.002/0.004% w/w, were observed occasionally without significant correlation with intensity and duration of exposure to HIFU. Gadobenate dimeglumine formulation after treatment showed complex assay content values, by-products (0.24–0.26%) and free BOPTA levels (0.07%) comparable to control sample within the experimental error.

Conclusion:

In the range of conditions explored, HIFU exposure did not induce significant dissociations of gadoteridol and gadobenate dimeglumine, nor a detectable increase in the concentration of free species.

Advances in knowledge:

Our study strengthens the hypothesis that gadolinium-based contrast agents are stable during HIFU treatment for body applications (e.g. thermal ablation of uterine fibroids).
Instagram hashtags as a source of semantic information for Automatic Image Annotation
Authors: Γιαννουλάκης Σταμάτιος
Published: September 2022

Δισεκατομμύρια ψηφιακές εικόνες μεταφορτώνονται κάθε μέρα στο Διαδίκτυο και ειδικά στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης. Είναι ζωτικής σημασίας να αναπτυχθούν αποτελεσματικές και αποδοτικές μέθοδοι που επιτρέπουν την ανάκτηση αυτών των εικόνων σύμφωνα με τις απαιτήσεις των χρηστών. Μεταξύ των προσεγγίσεων που έχουν προταθεί για την ανάκτηση ψηφιακής εικόνας είναι και η Αυτόματη Επισημείωση Εικόνων (AΕΕ). Οι τεχνικές ΑΕΕ μαθαίνουν αυτόματα την οπτική αναπαράσταση σημασιολογικών εννοιών από έναν αριθμό δειγμάτων εικόνων και χρησιμοποιούν αυτά τα εννοιολογικά μοντέλα για την προσθήκη ετικετών σε νέες εικόνες. Η εκμάθηση καλών εννοιολογικών μοντέλων απαιτεί αντιπροσωπευτικά ζεύγη ετικετών και εικόνων. Η επισημείωση από τους χρήστες είναι μια δύσκολη και χρονοβόρα εργασία, καθώς απαιτείται μεγάλος αριθμός εικόνων για τη δημιουργία αποτελεσματικών μοντέλων. Επιπλέον, η ανθρώπινη κρίση μπορεί να περιέχει λάθη και υποκειμενικότητα. Επομένως, είναι ανάγκη να βρεθούν τρόποι για την αυτόματη δημιουργία παραδειγμάτων εκπαίδευσης, δηλαδή ζεύγη εικόνων και ετικετών. Τα σύγχρονα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης, όπως το Instagram, περιέχουν εικόνες και συσχετισμένα hashtags, παρέχοντας μια πηγή έμμεσης επισημείωσης. Το Instagram είναι μια πλατφόρμα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης προσανατολισμένη στη φωτογραφία, όπου οι χρήστες ανεβάζουν εικόνες και τις περιγράφουν με hashtags. Επομένως, μπορεί να είναι μια πλούσια πηγή για την αυτόματη δημιουργία ζευγών ετικετών εικόνας για ΑΕΕ. Η διατριβή εστιάζει στη διερεύνηση των εικόνων και των hashtag του Instagram ως πεδίου για σκοπούς ΑΕΕ. Αυτό το πρωταρχικό ερευνητικό ερώτημα αναλύεται περαιτέρω μελέτες: ορίζουμε το τμήμα των hashtag του Instagram που σχετίζεται με το οπτικό περιεχόμενο των εικόνων που συνοδεύουν και αναπτύσσουμε μια μεθοδολογία για τον εντοπισμό των stophashtag, δηλαδή κοινών μη περιγραφικών hashtags. Χρησιμοποιούμε επίσης τον αλγόριθμο HITS σε περιβάλλον πληθοπορισμού και να φιλτράρουμε τα hashtags του Instagram ώστε να εντοπίσουμε αυτά που αντιστοιχούν στο οπτικό περιεχόμενο των εικόνων του Instagram που συνοδεύουν. Η θεματική μοντελοποίηση των hashtag του Instagram εισάγεται ως μέσο για την ανάκτηση εικόνων Instagram ως παραδοσιακή προσέγγιση ανάκτησης πληροφοριών με βάση το κείμενο, ενώ η μεταφοράς γνώσης, αξιοποιώντας φιλτραρισμένα δεδομένα Instagram (ζευγών εικόνων και hashtag) εφαρμόζεται για ένα σενάριο ανάκτησης εικόνων βάσει περιεχομένου.
A Digital Image Correlation (DIC) prototype system for crack propagation monitoring in aircraft assemblies
Authors: Luan LiKang , Crosbie Liam , Michel Silvain , Hack Erwin
Published: September 2022

Background: In the Clean Sky 2 project DIMES, the cyclic loading of a section of an A320 wing with pre-existing damage was carried out.

Methods: We present a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) prototype system to monitor crack propagation in the aircraft wing. This system includes a mount for easy installation and adjustment in a confined space.

Results: Strain localization and evaluation due to crack propagation was successfully observed in the Region-of-Interest (ROI) during cyclic fatigue loading. The results from the DIC prototype system were supported by conventional contact Resistance Strain Gauge (RSG) sensors acting as a far-field monitor.

Conclusions: Future improvements, the combination of two DIC modules for a stereo DIC system and the potential of the DIC system for ground-based tests and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications are also discussed.
Surveillance of respiratory viruses at health facilities from across Kenya, 2014
Authors: Murunga Nickson , Nyawanda Bryan , Nyiro Joyce U. , Otieno Grieven P. , Kamau Everlyn , Agoti Charles N. , Lewa Clement , Gichuki Alex , Mutunga Martin , Otieno Nancy , Mayieka Lilian , Ochieng Melvin , Kikwai Gilbert , Hunsperger Elizabeth , Onyango Clayton , Emukule Gideon , Bigogo Godfrey , Verani Jennifer R. , Chaves Sandra S. , Nokes D. James , Munywoki Patrick K.
Published: September 2022

Background: Acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally.  With (re)emergence of novel viruses and increased access to childhood bacterial vaccines, viruses have assumed greater importance in the aetiology of ARI. There are now promising candidate vaccines against some of the most common endemic respiratory viruses. Optimal delivery strategies for these vaccines, and the need for interventions against other respiratory viruses, requires geographically diverse data capturing temporal variations in virus circulation.

Methods: We leveraged three health facility-based respiratory illness surveillance platforms operating in 11 sites across Kenya. Nasopharyngeal (NP) and/or oropharyngeal (OP) specimens, patient demographic, and clinical characteristics were collected in 2014 from individuals of various ages presenting with respiratory symptoms at the surveillance facilities. Real time multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to detect rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, human coronaviruses (hCoV), and adenoviruses.

Results: From 11 sites, 5451 NP/OP specimens were collected and tested from patients. Of these, 40.2% were positive for at least one of the targeted respiratory viruses. The most frequently detected were rhinoviruses (17.0%) and RSV A/B (10.5%), followed by influenza A (6.2%), adenovirus (6.0%) and hCoV (4.2%). RSV was most prevalent among infants aged <12 months old (18.9%), adenovirus among children aged 12–23 months old (11.0%), influenza A among children aged 24–59 months (9.3%), and rhinovirus across all age groups (range, 12.7–19.0%). The overall percent virus positivity varied by surveillance site, health facility type and case definition used in surveillance.

Conclusions:  We identify rhinoviruses, RSV, and influenza A as the most prevalent respiratory viruses. Higher RSV positivity in inpatient settings compared to outpatient clinics strengthen the case for RSV vaccination. To inform the design and delivery of public health interventions, long-term surveillance is required to establish regional heterogeneities in respiratory virus circulation and seasonality.
Berberine in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Ochyra Łukasz , Łopuszyńska Anna , Pawlicki Mateusz , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder most common in women in reproductive age. The global incidence varies from 6% to 20% depending on the diagnostic criteria used, and is also the most common cause of infertility. This disease is related to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Berberine is a compound that affects the cardiovascular system and carbohydrate metabolism, which is why there are attempts to introduce it into the therapy of patients with PCOS. Material and methods: The literature was reviewed in the PubMed scientific base in the years 2012-2022 using the following keywords: berberine, polycystic ovary syndrome. Results: Research show that the use of berberine may have a positive effect on the waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, improve lipid parameters, lower the concentration of androgens, and reduce insulin resistance. In addition, a promising effect is the stabilization of the menstrual cycle and improvement of ovulation. There are reports that this drug may also restore the normal composition of the intestinal microflora disrupted in PCOS. Side effects are rare and mild, which confirms the safety of this substance. Conclusions: Polycystic ovary syndrome affects many women, leading to numerous and serious side effects, so it is important to develop an effective treatment with as few side effects as possible. Berberine is a promising prospect, but more studies are needed on larger groups of patients to confirm these reports and develop an effective treatment regimen. Keywords: berberine, polycystic ovary syndrome.
Communication in pediatric oncology
Authors: Łopuszyńska Anna , Ochyra Łukasz , Pawlicki Mateusz , Karwat Irena
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Neoplasms are the second most frequent cause of death in the pediatric population. In Poland, approximately 1100-1200 new cases of malignant neoplasms are diagnosed annually. Communication is an extremely important factor in pediatric oncology care. Hence, more and more research on its functions, significance, but also barriers and limitations is being developed.  Material, methods, purpose: The literature published in the PubMed scientific database was searched using the following keywords: communication, pediatrics, oncology in 2016-2022. The aim of this review is to show the barriers, functions, and the importance of communication in pediatric oncology for the therapeutic process.  Results: Communication in pediatric oncology was shown to perform the following functions: building relationships, exchanging information, enabling the family to self-manage, making decisions, managing uncertainty, responding to emotions, providing validation, and supporting hope. It was also noted that high-quality communication is associated with parental peace, increased recognition and confidence in healthcare professionals. Parents who receive understandable prognostic information have found less regret, as well as a desire to maximize time spent together with their child. Research shows communication barriers on many levels, such as: lack of comfort in difficult topics, time pressure, or the lack of a common mental model of the team and excessive demands. However, knowing these limitations is crucial to improving and overcoming these barriers. Conclusions: Communication in pediatric oncology plays many fundamental roles and constitutes an important aspect of the therapeutic process. Accordingly, it is important to emphasize the development and improvement of healthcare professionals' communication skills. Doctors can use knowledge of communication functions to better understand and fulfill parents' communication needs.
The proper functioning of the sense of smell and its disturbances on the example of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kożuchowski Marcin , Prylińska Monika
Published: September 2022

COVD-19 disease causes a wide range of respiratory symptoms. One of them is the olfactory disorder, which is also associated with other viral infections. Impaired sense of smell is associated with damage to the respiratory epithelium. Sniffing problems lasting longer than a few days are reported by more than half of patients infected with SARSCov-2 virus. This problem affects the quality of life and may result, among other things, in eating disorders or an increase in exposure to harmful chemicals. The olfactory epithelium, containing receptor cells, is primarily responsible for the proper functioning of the sense of smell. Impaired smell in COVID 19 is associated with damage to the respiratory epithelium. The article is a review of the scientific literature, in which the issues related to the physiology and anatomical structure of the olfactory organ and the influence of SARSCov-2 virus infection on olfactory disorders were discussed.
Pre-rehabilitation of patients before surgery - proposed procedure
Authors: Filarecka Agnieszka , Leksowski Łukasz , Biernacki Maciej
Published: September 2022

Objectives.  Surgical procedures are one of the invasive treatment methods in modern medicine. Procedural medicine develops from year to year. The method of invasive treatment depends primarily on the disease entity. Mostly, it will be minimally invasive surgery. Regardless of the invasive nature of the procedure, the patient requires temporary immobilization, which is associated with postoperative complications.

Material and methods. A review of the available literature and own observations were used for the study.

Results.

The available literature primarily focuses on the number of postoperative complications and the relationship between their occurrence and preoperative prophylaxis. There are numerous references in the literature concerning the emergence of respiratory and circulatory failure after surgery, especially in obese patients and patients with comorbidities.

Conclusions.

The implementation of pre-rehabilitation is necessary as a prevention of postoperative complications.
Pozakonstytucyjne gwarancje służące ochronie tajemnicy zawodowej w wykonywaniu zawodu adwokata w prawie Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki
Authors: Białkowska Paula
Published: September 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu są rodzaje i charakterystyka gwarancji chroniących tajemnicę zawodową w USA. Gwarancje te są jednym z najważniejszych czynników ochrony prawnej tajemnicy zawodowej – kluczowej nie tylko dla klienta, samego prawnika, ale także dla całego systemu ochrony prawnej. Zwrócono uwagę przede wszystkim na pozakonstytucyjne gwarancje chroniące zawodową poufność: etykę prawniczą oraz tzw. przywileje dowodowe. Podkreślono również wzmożoną potrzebę ochrony prawa do prywatności. Głównym celem artykułu jest ukazanie funkcji oraz roli przepisów prawa umieszczonych poza Konstytucją Stanów Zjednoczonych, a stanowiących swoistą otoczkę dla źródeł wynikających z poprawek do Konstytucji. Wydaje się bowiem, że zarówno akt Model Rules of Professional Conduct, jak i przywileje wyłączające stosowanie tzw. reguł dowodowych w procesie są kluczowe dla funkcjonowania tajemnicy prawniczej w prawie amerykańskim.
Sowiecki kat Węgier ’56 – Iwan Sierow
Authors: Lityński Adam
Published: September 2022

Dzieje rewolucji węgierskiej 1956 r. są znane. Autor niniejszego artykułu spogląda jednak na te wydarzenia oczami drugiej strony. W tym celu oparł się na nowych źródłach, mianowicie na niedawno odkrytych i opublikowanych pamiętnikach generała NKWD Iwana Sierowa, okrutnego pacyfikatora węgierskiej rewolucji 1956 r. Sierow był szefem najpierw „cywilnego” Komitetu Bezpieczeństwa Państwowego (KGB), a później wojskowego Głównego Zarządu Wywiadu (GRU).

Od początku rządów komunistycznych na Węgrzech ich cechą charakterystyczną był intensywny terror. Po śmierci Stalina pojawiły się oznaki kryzysu totalitarnego systemu. Nasiliła się walka o władzę wśród komunistycznej elity. Autor prezentuje także typowo sowiecką konstytucję węgierską z 1949 r. Wszelkie decyzje zapadały w Moskwie. W 1956 r. wszystkimi szczegółami krwawej pacyfikacji kierował szef KGB – Sierow. Zachodnie państwa demokratyczne dotrzymały umowy ze Stalinem o podziale Europy. Węgry znalazły się pod panowaniem sowieckim. Nikt Węgrom nie pomógł: układy z Jałty z 1945 r. zostały dotrzymane.
Przesłanki i kryteria miarkowania kary umownej
Authors: Łazarewicz Sylwia
Published: September 2022

Możliwość żądania miarkowania jest cechą konstrukcyjną kary umownej. Ustawodawca wskazał dwie przesłanki miarkowania, nie określił jednak żadnych kryteriów dokonania redukcji kary. Sąd powinien to czynić uwzględniając wszystkie okoliczności danego przypadku, ale również podstawowe funkcje kary umownej. Obniżenie wysokości zastrzeżonej w umowie kary wymaga od dłużnika przytoczenia konkretnych okoliczności faktycznych i prawnych uzasadniających redukcję. Udowodnienie ich należy do obowiązków dłużnika, choć zwłaszcza w zakresie nieznacznej wysokości lub wręcz braku szkody możliwe jest złagodzenie tego wymogu.
Decyzje interwencyjne ESMA jako efektywny środek ochrony dobra publicznego w UE
Authors: Nadolska Aleksandra
Published: September 2022

W dniu 1 stycznia 2011 r. zaczął funkcjonować Europejski System Nadzoru Finansowego, w ramach którego Europejskim Urzędom Nadzoru powierzono zadania związane z ochroną konsumentów. W ich ramach ESAs wyposażono w uprawnienia do bezpośredniej ingerencji w zakres działalności instytucji finansowych. Mianowicie wszystkie ESAs otrzymały kompetencje do wydawania w sytuacji nadzwyczajnej wiążących decyzji w przedmiocie interwencji produktowych. Dodatkowo ESMA przyznano możliwość interwencji w wyjątkowych okolicznościach w rozumieniu art. 28 rozporządzenia nr 236/2012, która była badana pod względem legalności przez TSUE (sprawa C-270/12). Zasadniczym celem tego opracowania jest ocena uprawnień interwencyjnych ESAs w kontekście współczesnego paradygmatu ochrony klientów usług finansowych. Szczególną uwagę w tym zakresie poświęcono jednak decyzji ESMA nr 2020/525 z 16 marca 2020 r., jako że jest ona pierwszą i dotąd jedyną interwencją skierowaną do uczestników rynku, wdrożoną w wyjątkowym okresie, tj. podczas pandemii Covid-19.
Polityka administracyjna w świetle wybranych środków nadzoru nad jednostkami samorządu terytorialnego
Authors: Romaniuk Paweł
Published: September 2022

Jednym z głównych elementów prawnej instytucji funkcjonowania jednostek samorządu terytorialnego jest ich samodzielność. Samodzielność ta opiera się na budowaniu ustroju wewnętrznego, kształtowaniu polityki finansowej, podatkowej, cywilnoprawnej wraz ze zdolnością do wykonywania zadań publicznych. Samorząd terytorialny musi gwarantować w szczególności gospodarność, efektywność, terminowość i skuteczność swoich działań. Autor przedmiotowego artykułu odwołuje się do przyjętych ustaleń doktrynalnych i wybranego orzecznictwa, kierując ocenę wybranych środków nadzoru na ich kształtowanie poprzez politykę administracyjną. Wskazuje również założenia de lege ferenda, których nadrzędnym celem jest zaakcentowanie istotności funkcjonującego prawnego systemu nadzoru nad samorządem terytorialnym.
„Pożerali ją oczyma”. Kilka uwag o warszawskim doświadczeniu w życiu i twórczości Heleny Modrzejewskiej
Authors: Wanicka Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

This article concerns the Warsaw period in the life and work of Helena Modjeska. The years 1869-76 are the least researched and described period in the entire career of the actress. The article refers to Zbigniew Raszewski’s essay Modrzejewska – warszawianka (Modjeska – a Varsovian), debating the significance of the experience of the Krakow theater in Modjeska’s work. In light of a factual analysis, he presents the actress as a Drama Artist of Warsaw theaters, posing questions about the evaluation of the experience of working on the Warsaw stage in the context of her career. Methodologically, the article is an attempt to see the principles of realistic idealism, i.e., the model style of the art of acting in the 19th century, not only in the actress’s stage performance, but also in her social life and the iconographic material based on Jan Mieczkowski’s photographs.
La transición energética bajo prácticas autoritarias. Tres casos en México
Authors: Hernández Vásquez Gerardo , Tapia-Guerrero Luis Arturo , Toledo-López Arcelia , Guzmán-Cruz Dora Lilia
Published: September 2022

Este artículo documenta los resultados de un estudio comparado, de tipo cualitativo, desarrollado en el periodo 2018-2020 en el istmo de Tehuantepec (Oaxaca, México) en torno a tres negociaciones para instalar tres parques eólicos que se encuentran cancelados. Nuestra investigación se apoya en entrevistas, minutas de asambleas, documentos jurídicos, amparos y notas de prensa. Nuestro análisis muestra cómo las prácticas autoritarias ejercidas en la negociación recaen sobre la transición energética, al gestar un clima de percepciones negativas que se tradujeron en una desconfianza e inconformidad que promovieron una oposición social y jurídica hacia los proyectos eólicos. Todo ello afectó la viabilidad de los procedimientos de negociación y consulta formales, como el establecido en el C-169 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo y estancó la transición energética en la región.
Evaluation of Kiln Heating as a Phytosanitary Treatment for Ceratocystis-Infested ‘Ōhi‘a (Metrosideros polymorpha) Wood
Authors: Hughes Marc A. , Juzwik Jennifer , Chen Zhangjing , Luiz Blaine , Keith Lisa M.
Published: September 2022

Phytosanitary heat treatments of Ceratocystis lukuohia and Ceratocystis huliohia-colonized Metrosideros polymorpha wood were evaluated using kilns. Wood poles subjected to a 22- to 34-day dehumidification kiln schedule with a heat treatment to 60°C to the poles' core. In vacuum kiln trials, logs were heated to 56°C at 70 percent log radius depth and the temperature maintained for 30 minutes. Neither Ceratocystis species was isolated from heat-treated wood using carrot baiting, whereas both fungi were isolated from control logs held at ambient temperature. Results of this study offer kiln-heating as a way to eradicate Ceratocystis fungi from M. polymorpha wood.
Calcified Tendinitis of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Tendon: A Case Report
Authors: Butarbutar John Christian Parsaoran , Suginawan Earlene Tasya
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Calcification in the tendon (Calcific Tendinitis) occurs commonly in the shoulder, but this condition can happen in other tendon sites. Calcific tendinitis of the hand and wrist occurs rarely, which causes unfamiliarity toward the disease. With the symptoms mimicking other causes, misdiagnosis often happens. This can cause ineffective and over treatment. Case Report: A 51-year-old man presented with a 2-week-pain on his right wrist with localized erythema and tenderness on physical examination. Imaging with ultrasound and X-ray shows calcification on the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon. Patient was treated with splinting for 2 weeks and NSAID for pain management and was free of pain afterwards. Conclusion: Calcific tendinitis mimics the symptoms of various causes. The ability to differentiate this entity to other differential diagnosis leads to an effective and precise treatment.
L1 Nerve Root Ganglioneuroma: Surgical Tip on excising this Well-Differentiated and Rarely Appreciated Tumor
Authors: Rathi Nitesh Kumar , Kumar A C Senthil , Vishnu Shri , Ashraf Munis
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a rare benign tumor of neural crest origin mostly found in the abdomen, but may occasionally present at sites including the cervical, lumbar, or sacral spine. GN of lumbar spine is a rare occurrence. Case Report: A 52-year-old man presented with GN in the L1 nerve root, who underwent successful resection of the tumor and stabilization of spine using a single posterior approach. Conclusion: GN should be considered as a differential in any case of paraspinal mass. A high index of clinical suspicion and correlation with radiological findings is necessary in differentiating a large benign tumor from a malignant growth. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice; however, the approach to the mass is dictated by the tumor size and location.
Giant Cell Tumor of the Second Metatarsal Managed with Ray Amputation: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P , Chaudhari Kunal , Kondewar Pranay , Gund Akshay , Jarika Ashish
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), also known as an osteoclastoma or a myeloid sarcoma, is a benign local aggressive osteolytic bone tumor that primarily affects skeletally mature young adults typically 20–40 years of age. Giant cell tumors (GCTs) are usually solitary tumors and very rarely are found in the metatarsal bones. The characteristic histological appearance of GCT displays a high number of osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells, which resulted in the classification “osteoclastoma” or “giant cell tumor.” Case Report: A 38-year-old male presented to the hospital with a firm swelling over the 2nd metatarsal slowly progressing over a period of 4 months, initial screening radiological investigations included X-rays, X-rays showed a tumorous growth involving the shaft of the 2nd metatarsal of the right foot, and the X-rays showed a characteristic soap bubble appearance. Magnetic resonance imaging. On gross assessment, the intraoperative sample showed that the GCTB has a dark brown-to-reddish appearance that is friable in texture. The gold standard for diagnosing a GCT is based on biopsy histopathological findings. The key histomorphologic feature is multinucleated giant cells. Conclusion: Giant cell tumors are frequently locally aggressive with high recurrence percentage, hence, excision was done. Nowadays, early radiological screening techniques help early detection of such rare occurrence of tumors such as the GCT and appropriate management. In conclusion, the giant cell tumor of the bone is a unique presentation of stromal cell and hematopoietic interaction in the bone.
Chronic Posterior Tibiofemoral Dislocation of a Cruciate Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Setting of Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Gomez Osmanny , Parikh Sarthak , Davis TY , Halpern Abby , Stanziola Felix , Corces Arturo
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Knee dislocations are an uncommon complication following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). There are many causes of TKA dislocation; however, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is one uncommon neurologic condition that increases the risk of TKA dislocation. Case Report: A 71-year-old male with presented to a local community hospital with knee pain due to advanced osteoarthritis of the knee and subsequently underwent an uncomplicated TKA with a cruciate retaining prosthesis. He eventually returned to the hospital due to infection, medical instability, chronic knee instability, and posterior tibiofemoral dislocation. A revision process was required. Throughout the course of management, the patient had altered mental status and was admitted to the intensive care unit. The first procedure involved removing the cruciate retaining prosthesis and replacing it with a static cement antibiotic spacer. This prosthesis was eventually dislocated through the tibia and a second procedure requiring the placement of an intercalary fusion was needed. The patient has not followed up after the hospital admission. Conclusion: Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome is an uncommon condition that affects lcoholics and complicates treatment with joint replacement surgery. Patients with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome provide a unique set of challenges that may require multiple surgeries and varying prostheses. Chronic posterior tibiofemoral dislocation is one specific complication that may affect the management of these patients. As orthopedic surgeons, it is important to consider alcohol use disorder and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome when treating patients with total joint replacement.
Glenohumeral Arthrodesis for Treatment of Unique Instability with Axillary Nerve Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Wellington Ian J , Silver Jacob , Hawthorne Benjamin C , Dorsey Caitlin G , Trudeau Maxwell , Garvin Patrick M
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Traumatic shoulder dislocations in elderly patients can result in significant shoulder pathology. Rotator cuff tears and recurrent instability are common complications follow a dislocation event, while axillary nerve injury is less common. While there have been rare cases of recurrent shoulder instability with concomitant axillary nerve injury, there have been no prior cases, in which concurrent fracture fragmentation resulted in the initial gross instability. Case Report: A 68-year-old male with painful gross instability presents following a traumatic dislocation. The patient sustained an axillary nerve injury to the ipsilateral side resulting in a non-functioning deltoid. Pre operative X-rays showed recurrent chronic glenohumeral dislocation, computerized tomography imaging showed a greater tuberosity fracture, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a massive cuff tear with retraction and atrophy. Given the level of instability and deltoid dysfunction, the patient was treated with shoulder arthrodesis. Intraoperatively, a large fragment of greater tuberosity with ligamentous attachments was found adhered to the anterior glenoid. After arthrodesis, the patient’s pain and function improved significantly. Conclusion: When treating elderly patients with gross instability following a traumatic dislocation, surgeons should keep in mind the high likelihood of concomitant avulsion fracture, and that migratory cortical fragments can be a nidus for a patient’s instability. When selected for appropriately, these patients can be effectively treated with shoulder arthrodesis with excellent improvements of pain and functionality.
Isolated Rectus Femoris Rupture with Ipsilateral Femoroacetabular Impingement in a Collegiate Track Athlete: A Case Report
Authors: Walsh Jed , Jimenez Megan , Lee Gregory , Whitfield Bryan
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Quadriceps ruptures, especially isolated rectus femoris ruptures, are uncommon among young and healthy individuals. Case Report: We describe an 18-year-old collegiate sprinter with a rectus femoris tendon rupture who continued to have significant pain and dysfunction despite non-operative management. He was concurrently found to have femoroacetabular impingement and a labrum tear as well. Following an extensive trial of non-operative management, operative fixation of the rectus femoris rupture with Achilles allograft reconstruction was performed in addition to arthroscopic labrum fixation and femoroplasty. Postoperatively, he returned to sport with improved mobility and decreased pain. Conclusion: Surgical rectus femoris tendon reconstruction with Achilles allograft is a valid option for patients who fail conservative treatment.
Mid-term Outcome of a Chronic Traumatic Bony Avulsion of Distal Triceps Treated with Tension Band Wiring Technique – A Case Report
Authors: Gawhale Sangeet , Sharma Gaurav , Anbalagan Praveen Kumar , Asawa Tanmay Manak
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Ideal treatment of chronic distal triceps rupture is controversial due to low occurrence of this injury. We report a unique case of chronic traumatic distal triceps rupture which was missed initially and then treated by tension band wiring. Case Report: A 30-year-old manual labor presented with 2-month-old injury and difficulty in complete extension of the elbow which was initially managed conservatively. He was clinic-radiologically diagnosed as complete distal triceps bony avulsion tear. He was operated using tension band wiring technique. His DASH score at the end of 2-year follow-up was 5.4 indicating excellent outcome. Conclusion: A strong clinical suspicion should be raised about triceps injury in patients with chronic elbow pain and weak extension. Tension band wiring technique gives good clinical and functional outcome in patients with bony avulsion along with distal triceps tear.
A Novel and Simple Method for stabilizing a Transverse Segment in a Posterior Wall Acetabular Fracture: Continuous Compression Staples, A Report of three Cases
Authors: Ochuba Arinze J. , Zhu Stanley , Kreulen R. Timothy , Margalit Adam , Sotsky Rachel B.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Continuous compression implants (CCI) are a fixation device formed from nitinol, a shape memory alloy. This alloy is durable enough to augment fixation and combined with its small footprint, versatile enough to insert into areas that are too small for K wires or lag screws to hold a provisional fixation. Case Report: We used CCIs to successfully stabilize the transverse segments in three posterior column with posterior wall fractures. Conclusion: CCIs can be used to provisionally reduce posterior column with posterior wall acetabular fractures and stabilize small pelvic bone fragments that may be difficult to hold with lag screws. These cases highlight a novel augmentation of the surgical treatment of posterior column with posterior wall fractures.
What affect proposes: swiping as a bodily practice
Authors: Cöbek Gözde
Published: September 2022

Choosing a partner has turned into swiping since the emergence of dating technologies. Today, individuals predominantly choose their partners via dating platforms by swiping their profiles with a quick thumb movement. The literature argues that mate preference is a static and disembodied disposition, where one’s intersectional background plays a role. Focusing on heterosexual individuals’ swiping practices in Turkey, this article aims to challenge this structural argument and suggests an affective approach to online dating. The concept of affect encourages more than a focus on the structures that influence mate choice. Emphasising the body’s capacity to act and be acted on, environments and thought-in-action, it draws attention to different orienting forces involved in swiping. As such focus requires a different methodology, this study uses the walkthrough and video re-enactment techniques to examine the mate selection practice. Based on interviews with 42 individuals who use Tinder and/or OkCupid, it shows how swiping is not only techno-socially shaped but also a bodily practice. Technological design, one’s mood and the sensation that arises through the encounter between the individual and the profile affect swiping decisions which can be both consistent and inconsistent with one’s techno-socially shaped criteria. By suggesting an affective perspective, this article makes both a theoretical and methodological contribution to the field.
Ganging up or sticking together? Group processes and children's responses to text‐message bullying
Authors: Jones Siân E. , Manstead Antony S. R. , Livingstone Andrew G.
Published: September 2022

Drawing on social identity theory and intergroup emotion theory (IET), we examined group processes underlying bullying behaviour. Children were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a perpetrator's group, a target's group, or a third party group. They then read a gender‐consistent scenario in which the norm of the perpetrator's group (to be kind or unkind towards others) was manipulated, and an instance of cyberbullying between the perpetrator's group and a member of the target's group was described. It was found that group membership, group norms, and the proposed antecedents of the group‐based emotions of pride, shame, and anger (but not guilt) influenced group‐based emotions and action tendencies in ways predicted by social identity and IET. The results underline the importance of understanding group‐level emotional reactions when it comes to tackling bullying, and show that being part of a group can be helpful in overcoming the negative effects of bullying.
Psychopathy and predatory violence in homicide, violent, and sexual offences: Factor and facet relations
Authors: Declercq Frédéric , Willemsen Jochem , Audenaert Kurt , Verhaeghe Paul
Published: September 2022

Purpose. Evidence has been found pointing to a relationship between psychopathy and predatory violence. The present study investigated the violence mode and its relationship with psychopathy on factor as well as on facet levels. It was hypothesized that predatory violence would be related to the affective and/or interpersonal facets of psychopathy. A subsidiary hypothesis was that sexual offences could also be differentiated by means of violence mode.

Methods. Participants were 82 male inmates convicted of a violent crime, a sexual crime, or a homicide. Psychopathy was assessed with the Hare PCL‐R2and the violence mode was assessed by means of Cornell's Aggressive Incident Coding Sheet, based on interviews with the offenders and a review of the official record.

Results. On the psychopathy subcomponent level, only the interpersonal facet was positively related with predatory violence. This association makes sense considering that psychopaths' interactions with others are defined by gradients of power and control and narcissistic gratification, rather than by attachment patterns. By contrast, the antisocial facet was associated negatively with predatory violence. Our subsidiary hypothesis concerning the possibility of differentiating sexual violence on the basis of the two violence modes was not confirmed.

Conclusions. The present results add to the growing evidence that predatory violence is related to the personality traits of psychopathy rather than to its life‐style and antisocial characteristics. Therefore, a risk analysis of future predatory violent behaviour might benefit from the inclusion of the assessment of the personality facets of psychopathy instead of focusing solely on the antisocial behaviour.
Security analysis on an interference-based optical image encryption scheme
Authors: Xiong Y. , Gu J. , Kumar R.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the security strength of the improved optical cryptosystem based on interference has been evaluated. Compared to the previous interference-based cryptosystems in which the plaintext is encoded into two phase-only masks (POMs), here the plaintext is encoded into a POM and an amplitude mask (AM). Since the information of the plaintext cannot be recovered directly when one of the masks is released in the decryption process of the improved cryptosystem, it seems that it is free from the silhouette problem. However, we found that the random phase mask (RPM) serving as the encryption key is not related to the plaintext. Thus, it is possible to recover the RPM first by using the known-plaintext attack (KPA). Moreover, the POM and the AM generated in the encryption path only contains the phase and amplitude information, respectively. Thus, these can be utilized as additional constraints in the proposed iterative process. Based on these findings, two kinds of hybrid attacks, including a KPA and the iterative processes with different constraints, are proposed to crack the improved cryptosystem. In the designed KPA with a pair of the known plaintext and its corresponding masks, the RPM is recovered first. With the aid of the recovered RPM, two iterative processes with different released masks are proposed to recover the information of the plaintext without any knowledge of another mask. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the existence of the silhouette problem in the cryptosystem under study has been reported. Numerical simulation has been carried out to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid attacks.
Delivery of ceramide phosphoethanolamine lipids to the cleavage furrow through the endocytic pathway is essential for male meiotic cytokinesis
Authors: Kunduri Govind , Le Si-Hung , Baena Valentina , Vijaykrishna Nagampalli , Harned Adam , Nagashima Kunio , Blankenberg Daniel , Yoshihiro Izumi , Narayan Kedar , Bamba Takeshi , Acharya Usha , Acharya Jairaj K.
Published: September 2022

Cell division, wherein 1 cell divides into 2 daughter cells, is fundamental to all living organisms. Cytokinesis, the final step in cell division, begins with the formation of an actomyosin contractile ring, positioned midway between the segregated chromosomes. Constriction of the ring with concomitant membrane deposition in a specified spatiotemporal manner generates a cleavage furrow that physically separates the cytoplasm. Unique lipids with specific biophysical properties have been shown to localize to intercellular bridges (also called midbody) connecting the 2 dividing cells; however, their biological roles and delivery mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE), the structural analog of sphingomyelin, has unique acyl chain anchors in Drosophila spermatocytes and is essential for meiotic cytokinesis. The head group of CPE is also important for spermatogenesis. We find that aberrant central spindle and contractile ring behavior but not mislocalization of phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) at the plasma membrane is responsible for the male meiotic cytokinesis defect in CPE-deficient animals. Further, we demonstrate the enrichment of CPE in multivesicular bodies marked by Rab7, which in turn localize to cleavage furrow. Volume electron microscopy analysis using correlative light and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy shows that CPE-enriched Rab7 positive endosomes are juxtaposed on contractile ring material. Correlative light and transmission electron microscopy reveal Rab7 positive endosomes as a multivesicular body-like organelle that releases its intraluminal vesicles in the vicinity of ingressing furrows. Genetic ablation of Rab7 or Rab35 or expression of dominant negative Rab11 results in significant meiotic cytokinesis defects. Further, we show that Rab11 function is required for localization of CPE positive endosomes to the cleavage furrow. Our results imply that endosomal delivery of CPE to ingressing membranes is crucial for meiotic cytokinesis.
Food insecurity and associated factors among adult HIV patients on anti-retroviral therapy in Dessie referral hospital, South Wollo Zone, North central Ethiopia
Authors: Demisse Amanuel , Demena Melake , Ayele Behailu Hawulte , Mengistu Abrham
Published: September 2022

Food insecurity has a paramount negative impact on the overall nutritional and health status of people living with the human immune deficiency virus, hence leading to opportunistic infections, rapid disease progression, hospitalizations, poor treatment outcomes, and mortality, both are intertwined and worsen one another through a mixture of nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways that heighten vulnerability to, and worsen the severity of, each condition. Nevertheless, little is known about the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy in the current study area. This study aims to assess the magnitude of food insecurity and associated factors among Adults on Antiretroviral Treatment in Dessie referral hospital South Wollo Zone, Northcentral Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 selected adults living with Human Immune Virus receiving Anti-Retroviral treatment in Dessie referral hospital. Data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 16.0 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval was estimated to measure the strength of the association and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05. This study revealed that the magnitude of food insecurity was 62.4% (95% CI: 57.6, 44 66.8]. CD4 count <350 [AOR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.88, 6.52], average monthly household income ≤ 40 USD [AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.42, 3.84], World Health Organization clinical stage III&IV [AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.61, 5.04], not getting any support [AOR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.45, 6.38] were factors significantly associated with food insecurity. Social protection interventions targeting patients with CD4 <350, monthly income less than 40 USD/month, World Health Organization clinical stage III &IV, and those patients with no support are crucial interventions for food security.
Inequalities in health system responsiveness among asylum seekers and refugees: A population-based, cross-sectional study in Germany
Authors: Biddle Louise , Wenner Judith , Bozorgmehr Kayvan
Published: September 2022

Global migration has sparked renewed interest in Universal Health Coverage in high-income countries. However, quality of care has received little attention. This study uses the concept of responsiveness to study quality of care for asylum seekers and refugees (ASR) in Germany and identify inequalities among this group. We report results from a population-based, cross-sectional health monitoring survey in Germany’s third-largest federal state using random sampling methods. Established instruments were used to measure responsiveness, health status and socio-demographic factors. Data were weighted and adjusted logistic regression models applied to identify inequalities related to health status, structural and socio-demographic factors. N = 344 survey participants were included in the analysis (response rate 39.2%). Combined responsiveness was 77% (95%CI: 68%; 83%) but varied between domains. Responsiveness was poor for individuals with symptoms of anxiety (OR 0.35, 95%CI 0.13,0.99), longstanding illness (OR:0.42, 95%CI:0.17,1.06) and diminished health-related quality of life (OR:0.24, 95%CI:0.06,0.95). Individuals from Southern Asia (OR: 0.24, 95%CI: 0.07,0.86) and young participants (OR:0.31, 95%CI:0.12,0.82) also reported less responsive care. Unique patterns of explanatory factors were identified within each responsiveness domain. We found important differences in responsiveness related to health, socio-demographic and structural factors, both in combined responsiveness and in individual domains. Inequalities related to health status factors are particularly concerning given the potential implications for equity of access. Future research should explore responsiveness for different sectors, include individuals who have not utilised healthcare and allow for the adjustment of differential expectations of care between population groups.
Amphotericin B resistance in Leishmania mexicana: Alterations to sterol metabolism and oxidative stress response
Authors: Alpizar-Sosa Edubiel A. , Ithnin Nur Raihana Binti , Wei Wenbin , Pountain Andrew W. , Weidt Stefan K. , Donachie Anne M. , Ritchie Ryan , Dickie Emily A. , Burchmore Richard J. S. , Denny Paul W. , Barrett Michael P.
Published: September 2022

Amphotericin B is increasingly used in treatment of leishmaniasis. Here, fourteen independent lines of Leishmania mexicana and one L. infantum line were selected for resistance to either amphotericin B or the related polyene antimicrobial, nystatin. Sterol profiling revealed that, in each resistant line, the predominant wild-type sterol, ergosta-5,7,24-trienol, was replaced by other sterol intermediates. Broadly, two different profiles emerged among the resistant lines. Whole genome sequencing then showed that these distinct profiles were due either to mutations in the sterol methyl transferase (C24SMT) gene locus or the sterol C5 desaturase (C5DS) gene. In three lines an additional deletion of the miltefosine transporter gene was found. Differences in sensitivity to amphotericin B were apparent, depending on whether cells were grown in HOMEM, supplemented with foetal bovine serum, or a serum free defined medium (DM). Metabolomic analysis after exposure to AmB showed that a large increase in glucose flux via the pentose phosphate pathway preceded cell death in cells sustained in HOMEM but not DM, indicating the oxidative stress was more significantly induced under HOMEM conditions. Several of the lines were tested for their ability to infect macrophages and replicate as amastigote forms, alongside their ability to establish infections in mice. While several AmB resistant lines showed reduced virulence, at least two lines displayed heightened virulence in mice whilst retaining their resistance phenotype, emphasising the risks of resistance emerging to this critical drug.