bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eco-geographic Survey, In-situ Characterization and Spatial Analysis of Phenotypic Traits Diversity among the Maize Landraces Collected from Chhattisgarh
Authors: Bishnoi Santosh K. , Malav Pavan K. , Singh Kartar , Phuke Rahul M. , Choudhary S.B. , Sharma Hariom K. , Ahlawat S.P.
Published: January 2024

Exploration and germplasm collection expedition undertaken in the three districts of Chhattisgarh state in the present study resulted in the collection of 43 diverse local maize genotypes. The collected accessions were characterized in-situ on a farmer’s field for six ear and seed-specific quantitative characters and the recorded data was analyzed for quantification and analysis of the genetic variability among the accessions. Significant variability was recorded in all the studied traits viz. ear length (7.33–26.67 cm), ear girth(8.00–16.33 cm), number of kernel rows per ear (8-18), number of kernels per ear row (12.67–45.33), ear weight (25.45–204.88 g) and 100 kernel weight (9.74–38.66 g). The first three components explained 99.61% of the total variation; the first principal component represented 97.33%. Cluster analysis based on Euclidean distances classified 43 maize genotypes into five clusters with clustering together of 9, 18, 13, 2 and 1 accessions. Geo-referencing analysis of recorded data was done using DIVA-GIS software. The diversity pattern of maize germplasm accessions revealed by the grid maps confirmed the existence of considerable genetic diversity for all the six quantitative traits in the surveyed area also discussed in this study.
NBPGR-PDS: A Precision Tool for Plant Germplasm Collecting
Authors: Tomar Ankur , Pandey Anjula , Bhatt KC , Panwar NS , Ahlawat SP
Published: January 2024

An explorer uses a passport datasheet to record information of collected germplasm in the field. The present paper discusses the utility of a Digital Passport Data Sheet (NBPGR-PDS) for collecting information during exploration. NBPGR-PDS is an App developed for Android users that supports Android version (4.1; API 16) to version (10.0; API 30) smartphones with offline inbuilt SQLite DB, Core Java program code in Android Studio Platform. App containing PDS is a digital book to collect large amounts of data with photographs to be stored systematically. Users can easily transfer their data in MS Excel format. The App also has the facility to operate offline and standalone to protect data at the user’s end and can be freely downloaded from Google Play Store (https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id= com.nbpgr.nbpgr_pds) for researchers, students, botanists and entrepreneurs.. It has added features like ‘More Info’ and ‘Feedback’, which the users can easily access to additional details and share queries directly to the host Institute. This paper includes details on developing the App for germplasm collectors, growers, and researchers to maintain records of collected germplasm in digital form.
Breeding for Higher Ascorbic Acid and Mineral Nutrients in Snowball Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)
Authors: Ram Hanuman , Sureja Amish K. , Dey Shyam S. , Kar Abhijit
Published: January 2024

The components of genetic variance and gene action effects for ascorbic acid and mineral nutrient contents in snowball cauliflower lines were estimated through line × tester analysis involving 5 Ogura based CMS lines and 7 male fertile testers. The mean squares due to lines and testers were significant for ascorbic acid and mineral nutrients (Ca, Mg, Na, K, S, Fe, Mn and Zn). Ogu 103 was best performing CMS line for K (182.32 mg/100 g), S (29.48 mg/100 g), Ca (23.19 mg/100 g), Mg (13.22 mg/100 g), Zn (313.33 μg/100 g) and Mn (235.00 μg/100 g) whereas maximum ascorbic acid (81.26), Na (24.37) and Fe content (645.03 μg/100 g) was noted in Ogu 119, Ogu 13-85 and Ogu 13-01, respectively. Among the testers, Kt-18 recorded maximum value (mg/100 g) for Na (98.03), K (277.52), S (42.87), Ca (43.73) and Mg (29.44), respectively, whereas Kt-22 had highest ascorbic acid (70.84 mg/100 g) and Mn content (343.50 μg/100 g) and Sel-26 had maximum Fe (1424.93 μg/100 g) and Zn (458.70 μg/100 g) contents. The best-performing hybrids for different macro-nutrients (mg/100 g) were, Ogu 101 × Sel-26 for ascorbic acid (94.05), Ogu 103 × Sel-26 for Na (98.63), Ogu 13-01 × Sel-26 for K (300.18), Ogu 101 × Lalchowk Maghi for S (49.34), Ogu 119 × Suprimax Late for Ca (54.65), Ogu 13-85 × DB-187 for Mg (35.60). For micronutrients (μg/100 g FW), the best hybrids were Ogu 13-01 × DB-187 for Fe (1775.60), Ogu 101 × Lalchowk Maghi for Zn (642.10) and Ogu 101 × Kt-22 for Mn content (381.60). Predominance of dominance component of variance was observed for vitamin C and mineral nutrients. The traits studied had narrow differences among GCV, PCV and broad sense heritability values, suggesting low effect of environment. The variance due to general (σ2gca) and specific combining abilities (σ2sca) were highly significant indicating the importance of both additive (σ2A) as well as non-additive (σ2D) type of gene actions. However, the ratios of σ2gca/ σ2sca (<1) and σ2A/σ2D (<1) revealed the preponderance of non-additive variance for the inheritance of traits studied. The study’s results suggest the possibility of improving these traits through recurrent selection and hybridization.
Phenotypic Characterization and Diversity Analysis of a Collection of Gladiolus Cultivars in India using Morpho-physiological Traits
Authors: Hiremath Varun M. , Singh Kanwar P. , Swaroop Kishan , Anand Pooja
Published: January 2024

Gladiolus is a beautiful ornamental geophyte valued for varieties with attractive florets and various colors. The genetic diversity of Gladiolus is tremendous due to species richness, outcrossing nature and heterozygosity. In the current study, phenotypic characterization and diversity assessment of 84 Indian and exotic-bred genotypes were investigated. Among different quantitative and qualitative traits, the coefficient of variation varied from 7.90% (androecium length) to 48.23% (chlorophyll ‘b’). All qualitative characteristics were polymorphic. In correlation analysis, 136 out of 253 pairwise inter-trait combinations revealed significant and positive correlations, although a significant and negative connection was found between the duration of flowering and the time of the beginning of flowering. Indirect selection for plant height, rachis length, and corm fresh weight may aid in the development of the linked traits. Principal component analysis revealed that six out of the 17 principal component axis had Eigen-values greater than one, accounting for 79.31% of the overall variability. The stable expression and better performance of Gladiolus genotypes for quantitative traits, such as plant height, length of the leaf blade, corm fresh weight, floret length, tepal length, and floret width would be useful in selection of superior offspring from hybridization. Cluster analysis divided whole germplasm into two major clusters: cluster I (29 genotypes) and cluster II (55 genotypes). Genotypes observed in subcluster Ia (08 genotypes) and subcluster IIc (13 genotypes) are relatively dissimilar from one another. Cultivar’ Victor’ is found to be relatively distinct among all genotypes because of taller plants, bigger corms, short flowering duration, and maximum corm fresh weight. Therefore, these set of genotypes can serve as a reference collection for DUS testing of novel varieties and genotype-specific information generated from this study can be useful for breeders to claim protection for their varieti
Characterization and Evaluation of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Germplasm Collected from Kashmir, India
Authors: Sultan Sheikh M. , Raina Susheel K. , Ahmad Suheel , Bhat Sheeraz S.
Published: January 2024

Faba bean (Vicia faba) is an ancient legume crop with high protein content of around 27%. In this study 39 local faba bean genotypes differing in seed shape, size and color were collected from different areas of Kashmir valley and evaluated during three successive rabi growing seasons of 2019–20, 2020–21 and 2021–22. Data were recorded on ten agro-morphological traits viz., plant height, number of branches/plant, days to 50% flowering, days to 80% maturity, pod length, pod width, number of seeds/pod, pod yield/plant, seed yield/plant and 100-seed weight. Average plant height ranged from 55.8 to 91.3 cm, pod length 5.2 to 9.7 cm, pod width 1.1 to 1.8 cm, seed yield/plant 18.748 to 42.050 g and 100-seed weight 41.118 to 89.966 g. Pod yield/plant evaluated during one year of 2021–22 only ranged from 43.633 to 199.930 g with a mean value of 99.981 g. The results have indicated significant variability in most of these traits. Flattened, medium-sized, beige seeds were more common traits in these faba bean genotypes. Lower mean plant height, number of branches/plant, pod length and seed yield/plant were recorded in 2021–22 than the other two experimental years due to lower rainfall and higher mean temperatures during the active vegetative, flowering and pod filling stages. Principal component and cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters mainly on the basis of greater agro-morphological similarity. Interestingly, 8 genotypes with the highest individual 100-seed weight were clustered in a separate group with an average 100-seed weight of 83.997 g. Besides, this cluster recorded highest average plant height, pod length, pod width and seed yield/plant as well; all these traits showed significant positive correlations with each other. Therefore, these traits should be considered when selecting faba bean genotypes to improve the region’s crop performance.
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Germplasm using Molecular Markers
Authors: Adarsh Anupam , Kumar Pankaj , Prasa Bishun D. , Kumar Randhir , Singh Hemant K.
Published: January 2024

Bitter gourd [Momordica charantia L.] is an important cucurbitaceous crop of medicinal and nutraceutical value. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers for genetic diversity analysis of bitter gourd. Twenty-one genotypes of bitter gourd, collected from different parts of India, were used for diversity analysis using two different types of markers. RAPD and ISSR markers yielded an average of 7.16 and 5.73 amplicon per primer, respectively. In the present study, RAPD and ISSR showed 89 and 63% polymorphic bands, respectively. Combined data analysis of RAPD and ISSR markers provided 73.66% polymorphism with 5.33 polymorphic amplicons per primer. The better discriminatory power of ISSR markers over RAPD markers may be due to comparatively higher values of average polymorphic information content (0.175) as well as the diverse nature of the genotypes. The information generated in this study would be helpful in designing breeding strategies for bitter gourd improvement.
Medicinal plants recipes used for the treatment of various types of fever in Garuda Purâna
Authors:   Department of Botany, Govt. Arts & Science PG College, Ratlam-457001 (M. P.), India, JADHAV DINESH
Published: January 2024

Garuda Purâna, an ancient scripture written in Sanskrit language, contains medicinal information. Acara Kanda is the division which discuses many human disease and their Ayurvedic treatment. There are many medical topics have been disussed in Acara Kanda division of Garuda Purâna which resemble those explained in Ayurvedic medicinal system. Many medicinal plants are explained with their Ayurvedic medicinal values at various places in the Purâna. After collecting and analysing the medicinal data, it is found that this scripture mentions 26 plants species that have been interestingly used till modern days to cure various types of fever. In the present paper there 26 plants species belonging to 23 genera and 21 families are described. Botanical names followed by family, local names, Sanskrit name, habit and used plant parts have been furnished in the enumeration.
Detection of aroma compound’s binding mode conformations on anticancer target DNA topoisomerase II
Authors:   Department of Metabolic & Structural Biology, 2Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants,       Lucknow-226015 (U.P.) India,, KUMAR YOGESH , KHAN FEROZ
Published: January 2024

Cancer is one of the most common, devastating class of disease affecting millions of people causing large number of death every year. It is therefore considered to be the second leading cause of death in developing countries next to cardiovascular diseases. Recent molecular studies have focussed on the most targeted gene for cancer i.e. DNA topoisomerase II (DNA TOP2), an enzyme that controls and alters the topological states of DNA during transcription. DNA TOP2 is also a target of known anticancer drugs like etoposide, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, amsacrine, amrubicin, and many others. These drugs have toxic properties and possess adverse side effects like cardiomyopathy, leading to congestive heart failure. Due to this reason, more active and safe drug are being searched worldwide. In this study, we performed virtual screening of natural compounds (small molecules) for the exploration of best fit compounds against DNA TOP2 through in silico molecular docking experiment and also evaluated the bioavailability and safety concern through electronic pharmacokinetics parameters (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) compliance check-up and toxicity risk studies by using standard drugs. More than 1300 aroma compounds from AromaDb database were virtually docked on DNA TOP2 (PDB:1ZXM) for detection of the binding site, best fit binding mode conformation & their binding side residues by using FlexX docking software. Leads based on docking scores better than approved/investigational anticancer drugs targeting DNA TOP2 were prioritised. Total eight approved and five investigational anticancer drugs were used reported to bind with DNA TOP2. Results showed best fit 50 compounds with docking score (-44.05 to -26.85 kJ/mol), higher to standard drugs -16.88 to -38.27 kJ/mol and revealed four binding sites on DNA TOP2. This study suggest that virtually screened top 50 compounds may be used for preparation of aroma based herbal products with anticancer activity.
Valorization of processed residue of plant biomass as nanocellulosic material
Authors:   Agronomy and Soil Science Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226015, India., MISHRA DISHA , SINGH RAGHVENDRA PRATAP , DAS PAORABI , SINGH ASHA , PANDEY VARSHA , KUMAR PV AJAYA , KHARE PUJA
Published: January 2024

Residual biomass of Cymbopogon winterianus (Citronella), Saccharum officinarum (Sugarcane bagasse) and Musa acuminata (Banana pseudo stem) were used as raw materials to produce nanofibrillar cellulose. Cellulose was extracted by bleaching treatments and, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were isolated by ultrasonication assisted TEMPO oxidation. Structure, morphology and thermal stability of the isolated CNFs were studied by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Swelling properties of the extracted CNFs were assessed at different pH. The aggregation and sedimentation behaviour of CNFs were evaluated at different salt concentration by measuring transmittance.The CNF isolated from bagasse was found to be more crystalline than those obtained from Citronella and banana stem biomass. Maximum swelling index was observed at neutral pH followed by alkaline pH. Swelling was prominent in Musa acuminate and Saccharum officinarum. Aggregation and sedimentation of CNFs occurred at high salt concentrartion while 10 mM was found to be the critical concentration of NaCl and CaCl2 for a stable dispersion of CNFs in water. This study provides a new approach for the effective utilization of agrowaste as a potential feedstock for the preparation of CNFs and their use in augmentation of advanced structural nanomaterials.
Enantiomer differentiation of α- and ß-pinene in Limonia acidissima essential oil and its antifungal activity
Authors:   Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, AcSIR Headquarters, CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector-19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, MAURYA RANJANA , SAROJ ARVIND , YADAV ANJU , SINGH SC , SAMAD ABDUL , CHANOTIYA CS
Published: January 2024

Studies on differentiation of chiral monoterpene hydrocarbons in Limonia acidissima essential oil and its antifungal activity were carried out. Enantiomeric study has revealed (-)-ß-pinene as the predominant enantiomer (ee 98.6%) followed by (-)-α-pinene (ee 92.1%). The oil contained mainly phenylpropanoids marked by the presence of methyl chavicol (93.5%). Headspace-gas chromatography of isolated fresh leaves showed methyl chavicol as the major constituent in equivalent proportions as recorded in the oil. Antifungal activity of the Limonia oil was also investigated against two plant pathogenic fungi. The oil showed the best antifungal activity at 1000 ppm (based on inhibitory effect) against Curvularia lunata in comparison to Rhizoctonia solani AG4 HG III. The available reports showed the existence of racemic forms of chiral monoterpenoids; in particular, α- and ß-pinene. Nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, (-)-ß-pinene is being reported for the first time as the predominant enantiomer in the essential oils. Moreover, Limonia oil can also be used in disease management of C. lunata.
Survey of intelligent transportation applications based on cloud computing technology
Authors: Li Zhihan
Published: January 2024

China is a large transportation country, and in addition to the huge demand for public transportation such as rail transit, private cars on city streets and highways are also a major force, followed by safety issues, and cloud computing plays an important role in today's society, and in some areas where transportation wisdom has been applied, transportation wisdom has become the general trend. As a result, this article will examine and describe the use of cloud computing in urban rail transit information security issues as well as urban and highway traffic safety early warning.
Intrauterine fetal death: A hospital based cross sectional study
Authors: Nath Dhamala Jiba , Deo Amit , Kumar Yadav Siddhartha , Dhakal Sanam , Neupane Sulochana , K.C Parajuli Heera
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is not only a medical concern but also a deeply emotional and societal one which affects the intrinsic human desire for healthy and thriving offspring. Therefore, it is important to meticulously identify the potential causal factors contributing to fetal deaths, which will help to ascertain the likelihood of its recurrence, and subsequently, to strategize for prevention or necessary interventions.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to describe the socio-epidemiological and etiological characteristics ofIUFD.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar for a duration of 16 months from May 11st, 2022 to August 31st, 2023. All pregnant women who had IUFD with gestational age of 22 weeks and above were included in the study.

Results: During the study period there were total of 5,404 deliveries and among them 73 deliveries were IUFD (13.5 per 1000 live birth). The majority of IUFD, specifically 37 cases (50.4%), were attributed to unexplained etiology. The most common coexisting condition was hypertensive disorder of pregnancy contributing 20.5% followed by Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) in 11(15.1%) cases.

Conclusion: There is a significant burden of stillbirths, which will have effect in physical and psychological well-being along with socio-economic impact for grieving parents. Though hypertensive disorder, IUGR and diabetes were the major identified co-morbidities, more than half of the stillbirths were unexplained. This warrants the need of consistent antenatal care (ANC) visits and timely hospital admission for its aversion.
Study of rapid detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis through GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay from acid fast bacilli smear-negative specimens in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Biratnagar Nepal
Authors: Ragani Yadav Kumari , Shrestha Kewal
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health concern around the world. It is well known that acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-negative TB cases are a major source of spreading TB to others when left untreated.

Objectives: Our study aim to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in AFB smear-negative samples through GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay and also to evaluate the drug resistance patterns towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis in hospitals.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among smear-negative presumptive TB patients at a tertiary care center with eﬀect from September 2022 to September 2023 after approval from the Institutional Review Committee of the college. A convenience sampling method was used.

Results: Out of 653 smear-negative samples, 71 (10.9%) were positive for TB and 17 (2.6%) were rifampicin resistance cases detected by GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. The cases of tuberculosis were more in age groups between 46->60 years and least in 17-30 years of age. Pulmonary samples yielded a higher number of MTB 66 (92.95%) as compared to extra-pulmonary samples 5 (7.04%). There is an almost equal proportion of mycobacterium infection in males 37(52.11%) and females 34(47.88%). All the rifampicin resistance cases detected in our study were from pulmonary samples.

Conclusion: Our study shows that the sensitivity of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is higher than AFB smear microscopy. We are missing actual TB cases while using AFB smear microscopy only. Hence the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is important for the rapid detection of MTB in smear-negative as well as smear-positive drug resistance MTB cases.
Evaluating The Accuracy Of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Of Breast Lesion Using International Academy Of Cytology Yokohama System: A Study In Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sedhain Sapana , Bhattarai Soorya , Sinha Amrita , Kafle Neeta , Singh Mrinalini
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Breast Carcinoma is the most common cancer in females worldwide. In developing countries, it is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women. The IAC Yokohama breast FNAB reporting system was developed as a multidisciplinary approach to have a standardized and structured report, for improvement in interpretation of breast cytology.
Objectives: This study aims to classify Fine needle aspiration cytology of breast lesion according to the IAC Yokohama system and assess diagnostic accuracy of different categories.
Methodology: This was a hospital based prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from August 2022 to May 2023.All patient with Breast lesions who underwent FNAB were included in the study. FNAB were categorized using IAC Yokohama reporting system. Considering histopathology as a final diagnosis sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, Diagnostic accuracy and Risk of Malignancy were calculated.
Results: One hundred and fifty-six patients underwent FNAB during the study period and 124 patients had histopathological reports available. Frequency of FNAB using Yokohama System were: Inadequate -1.9%, Benign- 59%, Atypical 14.7%, Suspicious- 11.5%, Malignant- 12.8% respectively.The Risk of Malignancy for each category were 33%, 1.51%, 22.22%, 94.11% and 100% respectively. Maximum sensitivity (97.56%) and NPV (98.48%) was achieved when considering Atypical, Suspicious for Malignancy and Malignant category as Positive. Whereas highest specificity (100%) and PPV (100%) was achieved when considering only the Malignant category as Positive.
Conclusion: The IAC Yokohama System is a standard tool for diagnosing Breast FNAB with greater reproducibility and maximum diagnostic accuracy.
Emergency contraception: knowledge and perceptions in PUMHS University population.
Authors: Raishem Ali  , Rashida Akbar  , Rozina Mujeeb  , Aasma Naz  , Yasmeen Joyo  , Saifullah Mahar
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Rising population is the one of hot issue of Pakistan that contributesto poverty, hunger, shortage of natural resources, decrease economy growth andeducation. Unacceptance of contraception is major reason; resulting in unplannedpregnancy where emergency contraception method seems to be an attractive option. This study done to assess knowledge, perception and attitude of medical students of PUMHS University.Objectives: To assess the perception, knowledge and attitude about emergencycontraception (EC) among the senior undergraduate’s student (fourth and finalyear) of PUMHS.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted by Department of gynecology &obstetrics unit 1 at People medical and health science university ShaheedBenazir Abad (PUMHS) from August 2019 to November 2019. We select 211 subjects via convenience sampling technique from senior classes. Data collected on 22item questionnaire and analyzed on SPSS version 20.Results: The mean age of study participants was 22.2± 36.435 years. Usingknowledge score (1-10) mean score was 3.09 ±1.707. 75.36% showed positive attitude towards EC methods.Conclusion: Medical undergraduate, as a health care provider and counselor expected to have greater knowledge than corresponding age group with less education but unfortunately information about different aspects of emergency contraception among this cohort in inadequate.

Key words: Emergency contraception, KAP, University population.
La imagen de Felipe Pinglo Alva en la historiografía del criollismo musical peruano
Authors: Rojas Mesía Omar Isaac , De Souza Pacheco Jorge
Published: January 2024

El “ser moderno” en Lima de los 1900 era paradigma de una elite costeña y criolla, es en ese contexto que surge una imagen de Pinglo como un compositor ampliamente identificado con lo popular, imagen que fue refrendada por el relato historiográfico del siglo XX al punto de obnubilar no solo a otros autores de la época, sino, otras facetas del músico que no concordaban con las pretensiones peruanistas de presentar a un Felipe Pinglo Alva que es un salvador de la música criolla y el artífice inicial de la creación de esta música. Sin embargo, una breve revisión del corpus de obras del músico revela que la cantidad de canciones sociales representan una minoría de su creativa.
Patrones rítmicos del vals criollo peruano y su adaptación al cuarteto de cuerdas
Authors: Pacheco Belevan César Alberto
Published: January 2024

Sabiendo que los instrumentos tradicionales del vals criollo son la guitarra, el cajón y la voz, el presente trabajo analiza cómo son adaptados los patrones rítmicos propios de este género musical en la elaboración de un arreglo instrumental para cuarteto de cuerdas. Para ello, se hace un análisis musical de los patrones rítmicos que son ejecutados en el cajón y, en relación con ellos, un análisis de los toques rítmico-armónicos ejecutados tradicionalmente en el acompañamiento de la guitarra. El centro del trabajo es mostrar cómo se distribuyen las voces entre los instrumentos del cuarteto, de tal manera que conserven la textura y el estilo rítmico propios del vals criollo. Puesto que se trata de un trabajo orientado a la labor artística, se estudiará el caso del vals Callejón de un solo caño.
Railroads of the Glorious Empires in the late 19th Century: From the Great Game to the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5
Authors: Karaoğlu Semiha
Published: January 2024

Railroads have been an inevitable part of countries’ expansionist and imperialist policies throughout history. Easing commodity distribution as well as human mobility, railroads also provided the transfer of knowledge and became a means of intelligence sharing. In this view, one can plausibly observe that nations are inclined to allocate budgets for railroad construction in order to extend their power. Moreover, they also followed expansionist policies by constructing ‘transitive’ railroads, connecting extensive regions, or even continents. Hence, investigating railroads sheds light on world history, for it enables one to comprehend the ultimate motives countries had before embarking upon such endeavors. The present research, therefore, analyzes railroad construction, focusing on the nineteenth century. It commences by introducing a brief history of the railroad construction around the globe. Then, it moves on to the Great Game theory and analyzes how the rivalry between the British and Russian Empires increased the speed of constructions with imperialist and expansionist policies behind them. This research also elucidates what impacts railroads built by the Russian Empire had on the Empire of Japan, and how it led to the escalation of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5. Moreover, it focuses on the conflicts taking place between the Russian Empire and the United States, in connection to their impacts on the British Empire. In conclusion, the paper demonstrates a trend of how railroads shaped world history, taking into account the example of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5.
Radiología e imágenes diagnósticas como parte clave en la formación médica
Authors: Montejo Galdámez Juan Danilo
Published: January 2024

PROBLEMA: La radiología e imágenes diagnósticas son una disciplina esencial para obtener información sobre las estructuras y funciones del cuerpo. En Guatemala, tres universidades ofrecen una licenciatura en ciencias médicas que incluye el curso de radiología e imágenes diagnósticas en su pensum. Suponiendo una ventaja para los estudiantes al cursar el externado e internado a nivel pregrado y una desventaja en comparación con el plan de estudios de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, ya que los estudiantes llegan a sus prácticas hospitalarias sin conocimientos sobre los estudios de imagen necesarios para un abordaje clínico adecuado. OBJETIVO: Describir la radiología e imágenes diagnósticas como parte clave en la formación médica, indicar la importancia del aprendizaje de la radiología en la formación médica. MÉTODO: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica enfocada en recolección de datos, utilizando fuentes primarias. RESULTADOS: Las técnicas radiológicas más utilizadas son: radiografía, ecografía, tomografía y resonancia magnética, las cuales son fundamentales en la medicina, permitiendo un diagnóstico temprano y preciso de diversas patologías. En la formación médica, es importante aprenderlas y mantenerse actualizado para una mejor atención médica. CONCLUSIÓN: La radiología e imágenes diagnósticas como parte clave en la formación médica, desempeña un papel fundamental al proporcionar una herramienta crucial para visualizar y comprender el interior del cuerpo sin la necesidad de recurrir a procedimientos invasivos. Se ha convertido en un instrumento clave en la medicina moderna para la evaluación, el diagnóstico y seguimiento de los pacientes.
Tiempo quirúrgico como factor de riesgo para complicaciones post anestésicas
Authors: Galdámez Monroy Dania Saraí
Published: January 2024

PROBLEMA: Presentación precisa del riesgo del tiempo quirúrgico en complicaciones post anestésicas. OBJETIVO: Describir el tiempo quirúrgico como factor de riesgo para complicaciones pos anestésicas. MÉTODO: Para la redacción del presente artículo se revisó extensa bibliografía comparando fuentes primarias Este artículo presenta revisión de la literatura, que incluye metanálisis, ensayos controlados aleatorios y cohortes de casos, como fuentes. RESULTADOS: el aumento del tiempo quirúrgico aumenta el riesgo de complicaciones post anestésicas con un aumento del 10% de los casos de las cuales las especialidades médicas que más tiempo de uso quirúrgico necesitan para su desempeño son: cirugía plástica, neurocirugía oncológica debido a la compleja estructura cerebral. CONCLUSIÓN: Las complicaciones post anestésicas debido al aumento del tiempo quirúrgico se presentan con aumento de los síntomas gastrointestinales y sistémicos con síntomas de náuseas, vómitos, cefalea, hipotensión arterial, hipertensión arterial, hipotermia, hipoxia e hiperventilación.
Caracterización clínica en mujeres con sangrado uterino anormal post inmunización a COVID-19
Authors: Sagastume Escobar Linda Cristal
Published: January 2024

PROBLEMA: la inmunización a COVID-19 en mujeres influyó en el sangrado uterino anormal. OBJETIVO: determinar las características clínicas en mujeres del Ejército de Guatemala con sangrado uterino anormal post inmunización a COVID-19. MÉTODO: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en mujeres de 18 a 45 años de mayo a junio del 2023 en personal femenino del Ejército de Guatemala, con una muestra de 255 que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. RESULTADOS: determinando que el grado de Especialista prevaleció en un 49%, edad promedio de 21-30 años con un 36.5%, solteras en 60%, nivel universitario  en 51%, mujeres con sobrepeso 47.6%; así mismo haciendo uso de la vacuna tipo Moderna en un 20.4% entre otras y con 3 dosis en un 62%;  entre las alteraciones o efectos encontrados posteriores a la inmunización a COVID-19 en el sangrado uterino anormal fue el aumento de volumen menstrual en un 23%, una duración del sangrado por más de 7 días en un 12% y períodos que iniciaron antes de los 21 días en un 16%; en una muestra de 56 que se realizaron ultrasonido vaginal o pélvico el 54% presentó Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico. CONCLUSIONES: Los hallazgos encontrados indican que sí hubo efectos en las mujeres en cuanto a los ciclos menstruales y alteraciones uterinas posteriores a la inmunización a COVID-19.
Peta Maqashid Asy-Syariah dalam Hermeneutika Kontekstual Abid Al Jabiri
Authors: Barir Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Abstract MAP OF MAQASHID ASH-SYARIAH IN ABID AL JABIRI CONTEXTUAL HERMENEUTICS. This research focuses on the views of Abid Al Jabiri, a 20th century scholar who reconstructed the concept of contextualizing the Qur'an as a holy book that is tied to historical reality. The use of "Arabic" shows that the meaning of the Qur'an is directly proportional to the socio-cultural conditions of the Arab nation so that the Qur'an in turn can be understood differently when it is received in the context of a different place and time. Departing from this, this research aims to reveal Al Jabiri's contextual hermeneutics in tracing the contextual meaning of the Qur'an with three stages, namely Al Fashl, Al Washl, and Ashalatun Nash. The first is Al Fashl, which is letting the Qur'an speak to itself by separating the context and pre-knowledge of the interpreter, then Al Washl, which is connecting or reconnecting the meaning with the context and pre-knowledge of the interpreter, and the third is Ashalah An Nash, which is producing meaning from the original text. by integrating (appropriation) between the two previous stages holistically. The concept of Al Jabiri's contextual hermeneutic thinking on the message and position of revelation becomes the basis for how the interpretation of the Qur'an becomes more relevant to determining the map of maqashid ash sharia.Keywords: 1. Al Fashl, 2. Al Washl, 3. Ashalah An Nash, 4. Contextual Hermeneutics, 5. Map of Maqashid Asy SyariahAbstrakPenelitian ini berfokus pada pandangan Abid Al Jabiri, seorang cendekiawan abad ke-20 yang melakukan konstruksi ulang konsep kontekstualisasi Al Qur’an sebagai kitab suci yang terikat dengan kenyataan sejarah. Penggunaan “Bahasa Arab” menunjukkan bahwa makna Al Qur’an berbanding lurus dengan kondisi sosial budaya Bangsa Arab sehingga Al Qur’an pada gilirannya dapat difahami secara berbeda saat ia diterima dalam konteks tempat dan waktu yang berbeda pula. Berangkat dari hal tersebut, riset ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap peta Maqashid Asy Syariah dalam hermeneutika kontekstual Al Jabiri. Melalui penelusuran makna kontekstual Al Qur’an dengan tiga tahapan, yakni Al Fashl, Al Washl, dan Ashalatun Nash. Pertama adalah Al Fashl yakni membiarkan Al Qur’an berbicara dengan dirinya sendiri dengan memisahkan konteks dan pra pengetahuan penafsir, kemudian Al Washl yakni menghubungkan atau menyambungkan kembali makna dengan konteks dan pra pengetahuan penafsir, dan ketiga adalah Ashalah An Nash yakni menghasilkan makna dari nash asli dengan menyaturekatkan (appropriation) antara kedua tahapan sebelumnya secara holistik. Konsep berfikir hermeneutika kontekstual Al Jabiri atas pesan dan posisi wahyu menjadi landasan bagaimana penafsiran Al Qur’an menjadi lebih relevan dengan menentukan peta maqashid asy syariah.   Kata kunci: 1. Al Fashl, 2. Al Washl, 3. Ashalah An Nash, 4.  Hermeneutika Kontekstual, 5. Peta Maqashid Asy Syariah
Les kagema du Japon dans les discours sexologique et populaire de l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Lenoble Camille
Published: January 2024

Durant la période japonaise prémoderne (1603-1867), les kagema étaient de jeunes apprentis acteurs-travestis du kabuki (onnagata). Ils appartenaient à une classe sociale et de genre spécifique, et faisaient l’objet d’une appréciation érotique comparable à celle des courtisanes des quartiers rouges. À compter de la période moderne (1868-1945), qui correspond à une phase d’occidentalisation, les kagema disparaissent, notamment en raison de l’assimilation des normes sexuelles et du régime de genre occidentaux. Durant les années 1920, les kagema ont fait l’objet d’une relecture au travers des catégories modernes engendrées par la médecine et la psychiatrie occidentales, et ont été érigés en figure de proue de la « perversion sexuelle » (hentai seiyoku), de l’inversion et de l’effémination. Puis, au début des années 1930, les médias ont usé du terme kagema afin de désigner des travailleurs du sexe travestis contemporains. Cette contribution s’attache à mettre en lumière la façon dont les kagema ont fait l’objet d’une réécriture et d’une réappropriation dans les discours japonais modernes au travers des catégories de genre et des normes sexuelles importées depuis l’aire occidentale.
Enjeux de terminologie autour de la « loi des personnes transgenres » (2019) en Inde
Authors: Arrago-Boruah Émilie
Published: January 2024

Entre le jugement de la Cour suprême indienne de 2014 reconnaissant un « troisième genre » et l’entrée en application du Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act en 2019, de nombreuses manifestations ont eu lieu à travers tout le pays. L’objectif était de protester contre certaines mesures législatives en préparation. Pour la première fois, les personnes concernées ont pu s’exprimer à travers de nombreux débats au sujet de leur droit citoyen et sur la diversité de genre qu’ils incarnent. Toutefois, le terme transgenre, retenu dans la loi, ne permet pas d’exprimer tous les contextes ni toutes les langues et encore moins les différences régionales. À partir du portrait de deux militantes transgenres et d’une ethnographie sur la terminologie vernaculaire utilisée en Assam et au Manipur, deux régions méconnues dans les études sur les minorités sexuelles et de genre en Inde, j’examine différents niveaux de revendications et d’influences qui participent au processus de construction identitaire des personnes transgenres.
Un anthropologue du XXe siècle face à la diversité de genre et de sexualité
Authors: Broqua Christophe
Published: January 2024

Pierre Clastres (1934-1977), anthropologue français de renom, a consacré l’essentiel de ses recherches à des populations « indiennes » du Paraguay. Surtout connu pour avoir proposé une théorie originale — et souvent contestée — du pouvoir non étatique, il a aussi consacré deux textes beaucoup moins remarqués à certaines formes d’inversion de genre. Parus en 1966 et 1972, avant l’essor des études anthropologiques sur l’« homosexualité » dans les pays non occidentaux (dans les années 1980), ces textes pionniers apportent des connaissances précieuses sur la diversité de genre et de sexualité. Chez les Guayaki, où l’on observe une séparation stricte des mondes masculin et féminin, deux objets incarnent cette division : l’arc (les hommes chassent) et le panier (les femmes portent). Or, Clastres décrit les situations de deux hommes porteurs de panier, qui diffèrent fortement l’une de l’autre. Parmi ses apports, cette étude invite à penser l’articulation entre genre et sexualité — dimensions trop souvent considérées séparément —, l’un des deux hommes porteurs de panier étant aussi décrit comme un kyrypy-meno (anus-faire l’amour) et accepté comme tel. Elle permet aussi de considérer la diversité de genre comme paradoxalement garante d’un ordre du genre reposant sur l’opposition entre deux catégories hiérarchisées et relativement figées.
Protection de la vie privée dans le contexte des plateformes en ligne : les limites des
fiducies de données et du devoir fiduciaire de loyauté
Authors: Albert-Rochette Michelle , Lavis Clara , Meunier Mathilde
Published: January 2024

Les lois de protection des renseignements personnels se sont traditionnellement
ancrées dans une perspective individualiste de la vie privée dont la pierre angulaire est le
mécanisme du consentement individuel. Face aux géants du web, dont le modèle d’affaires
repose sur l’analyse de données personnelles, cette perspective paraît inadaptée : elle
tient insuffisamment compte des asymétries de pouvoir et d’information en présence et
suppose à tort la vie privée comme une question de nature individuelle en omettant ses
implications collectives. Elle peine ainsi à protéger adéquatement les personnes et facilite
de ce fait la survenance d’effets individuels et sociétaux préjudiciables. Cet article
rappelle d’abord les principales limites de la conception individualiste de protection de la
vie privée – le modèle du notice and choice, ou notice and consent – au
regard des pratiques des plateformes en ligne. Sont ensuite envisagées, dans une perspective
critique, deux pistes de solution juridiques issues d’une conception collective de la vie
privée : les fiducies de données et leur appréhension par le droit commun québécois, suivies
des obligations fiduciaires de common law, et plus particulièrement le devoir
fiduciaire de loyauté. Si ces pistes de solution semblent prometteuses à plusieurs égards,
elles présentent toutes deux des limites importantes qui rendent difficilement concevable
leur implémentation. D’une part, les fiducies de données, reposant sur le choix individuel
de confier ses renseignements personnels à un acteur externe, reproduisent les difficultés
liées au mécanisme de consentement individuel du modèle classique de notice and
choice. Leur mise en oeuvre effective requiert également l’intérêt, la compréhension et
la confiance des personnes dans le mécanisme, des garanties loin d’être acquises. D’autre
part, l’imposition d’un devoir de loyauté obligerait les plateformes à modifier en
profondeur leurs pratiques commerciales actuelles, des changements qui ne s’imposeraient pas
sans résistance. Le droit à la vie privée, tant dans sa conception individuelle que
collective, ne suffit pas à protéger adéquatement les personnes dans l’environnement
numérique. D’autres domaines de régulation doivent être appelés à intervenir.
D-PATH (Data Privacy Assessment Tool For Health) for Biomedical Data Sharing
Authors: Granados Moreno Palmira , Liu Hanshi , Ballesteros Ramirez Sebastian , Bujold David , Zaytseva Ksenia , Bourque Guillaume , Joly Yann
Published: January 2024

The Data Privacy Assessment Tool for Health (D-PATH) is a proof-of-concept online
tool designed to help users intending to share biomedical data identify applicable legal
obligations and relevant best practices. D-PATH provides a series of simple questions to
assess important aspects of the data sharing task, such as the user’s legal jurisdiction and
the types of entities involved. Based on the combination of answers that the user provides,
D-PATH will generate a list of privacy obligations and security-best practices, categorized
into themes of 1) accountability, 2) lawfulness of storage, transfer, and protection, and 3)
security and safeguards that will likely apply in the user’s scenario. Currently, the D-PATH
focuses on Canadian and European privacy laws and various global best-practice policies, but
there are plans to extend this in later iterations of the tool. D-PATH was developed
specifically to inform users about their legal privacy obligations and best practices and
was written to facilitate compliant and ethical data sharing. As a proof-of-concept, D-PATH
demonstrates the potential value of a tool in simplifying and translating complex concepts
into more accessible formats. Such a tool can be adapted and valuable in many different
contexts, such as training core researchers in data sharing laws and practices.
Development and validation of a measure of social well-being during doctoral studies: The sense of scientific community scale
Authors: Vincent Cynthia , Plante Isabelle , Tremblay-Wragg Émilie
Published: January 2024

Several qualitative studies suggest that the sense of belonging to the scientific community is critical to the success of the doctoral journey. Although a few tools have been developed to capture some components of the sense of scientific community, no instrument is available to measure this construct in its entirety. The purpose of this study was to develop the Sense of Scientific Community Scale (SSCS) and to examine its psychometric qualities using a sample of 318 doctoral students in Canada. Five indicators of construct validity (exploratory, confirmatory, discriminant, predictive, and concurrent) and three indicators of reliability (internal consistency, test-retest and temporal stability) of the SCSS were examined. In sum, this scale comprises 18 items divided into three factors (perception of belonging, influencing, and benefiting from support) providing good internal consistency indices. The psychometric qualities of the SCSS justify its use in future studies.
Kam priklausė nepriklausomieji: Nepriklausomų studentų sąjūdis 1951–1954 m.
Authors: Dapkutė Daiva
Published: January 2024

1951 m. JAV įsikūrusioje Lietuvių studentų sąjungoje (LSS) greitai išsiskyrė dvi tarpusavyje konkuruojančios studentų grupės: ateitininkai ir vadinamieji nepriklausomieji. Nepriklausomų studentų grupė susikūrė kaip atsvara gerai organizuotiems ateitininkams ir savo gretose bandė suburti įvairių pažiūrų, skirtingų ideologinių organizacijų demokratinio-liberaliojo sparno akademinį jaunimą. Jų skelbtos tolerancijos, nepriklausomos minties, humanizmo, liberaliojo sparno lietuvių jaunimo organizacijų bendradarbiavimo idėjos sulaukė jaunimo palaikymo; nepriklausomų studentų grupės kūrėsi įvairiuose universitetiniuose miestuose. Nepriklausomieji kurį laiką neturėjo formalios organizacijos, 1953 m. pasivadino Nepriklausomų studentų sąjūdžiu (NSS), o 1954 m. buvo įkurta visas nepriklausomųjų grupes vienijanti organizacija – „Lietuvių studentų santara“. Straipsnyje, remiantis publikuotais ir archyviniais šaltiniais, analizuojami Nepriklausomų studentų sąjūdžio genezės, narystės, veiklos klausimai. Didelis dėmesys skiriamas nepriklausomų studentų persiorganizavimui 1954 m. – „Lietuvių studentų santaros“ įkūrimui ir naujos organizacijos santykiams su Akademiniu skautų sąjūdžiu
Vaizduotės gamyba Juliaus Kaupo literatūrinėse pasakose
Authors: Čičelis Ramūnas
Published: January 2024

Remiantis filosofo Ernsto Cassirerio mąstymo formų ir mąstytojo Wolfgango Iserio vaizduotės gamybos teorijomis, straipsnyje analizuojamas lietuvių išeivijos autoriaus Juliaus Kaupo pasakų rinkinys „Daktaras Kripštukas pragare ir kitos ne mažiau įdomios pasakos, surašytos slaptose Kauno miesto kronikose“. Pagrindinis dėmesys tyrime skiriamas maginei, mitinei, religinei, meninei, egzistencinei ir santykinai mokslinei literatūrinio mąstymo formoms ir jų raiškai minėtame pasakų rinkinyje. Straipsnyje taip pat kalbama apie mąstymo epistemologiją, paradigmatiką ir metodologijas, kurios svarbios norint giliau ir turiningiau suprasti minėtų mąstymo formų raišką J. Kaupo pasakose. Straipsnio pabaigoje prieinama išvada, kad analizuotas pasakų rinkinys yra žmogaus prigimties, lietuvių pasaulio ir apskritai visos tikrovės gyvybingumo liudijimas. Skirtingai nei įprasta XX a. antrosios pusės socialinei ir politinei teorijai ir jos kritikai, J. Kaupas savo pasakų mąstymo formomis, jų funkcijomis formuoja ne vartojimo arba paklusnumo galiai vaizdinius, o humanistinę laisvę ir tiesą, gėrį bei grožį teigiančią vaizduotę.