bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of adverse childhood experiences in risky behaviors, health care utilization, and generalized self-efficacy in the general adult Polish population
Authors: Berent Dominika , Wojnar Marcin
Published: June 2020

Introduction

The present study evaluated whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are significantly and independently associated with six key outcomes in the Polish general population: (1) lifetime suicide attempt, (2) self-mutilation, (3) potential problem drinking, (4) use of street drugs, (5) visiting a psychologist/psychotherapist, and (6) visiting a psychiatrist. We also investigated whether ACEs explain a significant proportion of variability in generalized self-efficacy.

Material and methods

Six hundred and fifty-nine individuals completed the ACE Study questionnaire (physical, verbal, and sexual abuse; neglect; select family dysfunctions) and three additional questions [ACE (13) questionnaire]: witnessing (1) a family member’s suicide attempt or (2) death due to any cause except completed suicide, and (3) a stranger’s death due to any cause (e.g., traffic accident). Generalized self-efficacy was assessed with the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale.

Results

The likelihood of lifetime use of street drugs, potential problem drinking, and visiting a psychologist/psychotherapist and psychiatrist increased as ACE and ACE (13) score increased. As compared to scores of < 4, ACE (13) scores of ≥ 4 were associated with a 10.8-fold increased likelihood of self-mutilation, a 3.26-fold increased likelihood of potential problem drinking, a 5.72-fold increased likelihood of visiting a psychologist/psychotherapist, and a 6.71-fold increased likelihood of visiting a psychiatrist. ACE (13) score explained 1.2% of the variability in generalized self-efficacy.

Conclusions

The present study identified a strong association between childhood adversity and increased likelihood of lifetime self-mutilation, potential problem drinking, visiting a psychologist/psychotherapist, and visiting a psychiatrist. Generalized self-efficacy may be an important target for secondary intervention following childhood adversity.
High dietary salt intake activates inflammatory cascades via Th17 immune cells: impact on health and diseases
Authors: Balan Yuvaraj , Packirisamy Rajaa Muthu , P S Mohanraj
Published: June 2020

The incidence of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is on the rise. A high salt content in the diet was found to play a crucial role in mediating IMIDs. It was demonstrated that increased salt concentration favors the differentiation of CD4+ cells to pathogenic Th17 cells, which predispose to several inflammatory diseases by modulating the immunological milieu. In auto-immune diseases increased salt concentration causes stable induction of Th17 cells. In cancer, increased salt concentration triggers chronic inflammation and increases vascular endothelial growth factor levels. Salt-mediated proliferation of Th17 cells has been found to reduce nitric oxide production in the endothelial cells, leading to hypertension. Increased salt concentration was found to alter the intestinal flora, which favors local inflammation. This review attempts to explain the role of high salt concentration and its molecular pathways in causing IMIDs.
Decreasing trends of particle number and black carbon mass concentrations at 16 observational sites in Germany from 2009 to 2018
Authors: Sun Jia , Birmili Wolfram , Hermann Markus , Tuch Thomas , Weinhold Kay , Merkel Maik , Rasch Fabian , Müller Thomas , Schladitz Alexander , Bastian Susanne , Löschau Gunter , Cyrys Josef , Gu Jianwei , Flentje Harald , Briel Björn , Asbach Christoph , Kaminski Heinz , Ries Ludwig , Sohmer Ralf , Gerwig Holger , Wirtz Klaus , Meinhardt Frank , Schwerin Andreas , Bath Olaf , Ma Nan , Wiedensohler Alfred
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Anthropogenic emissions are dominant contributors to air pollution.
Consequently, mitigation policies have been attempted since the 1990s in
Europe to reduce pollution by anthropogenic emissions. To evaluate the
effectiveness of these mitigation policies, the German Ultrafine Aerosol
Network (GUAN) was established in 2008, focusing on black carbon (BC) and
sub-micrometre aerosol particles. In this study, long-term trends of
atmospheric particle number concentrations (PNCs) and equivalent BC (eBC)
mass concentration over a 10-year period (2009–2018) were determined for 16
GUAN sites ranging from roadside to high Alpine environments. Overall,
statistically significant decreasing trends are found for most of these
parameters and environments in Germany. The annual relative slope of eBC
mass concentration varies between −13.1 % and −1.7 % per year. The
slopes of the PNCs vary from −17.2 % to −1.7 %, −7.8 % to −1.1
%, and −11.1 % to −1.2 % per year for 10–30, 30–200, and
200–800 nm size ranges, respectively. The reductions in various
anthropogenic emissions are found to be the dominant factors responsible for
the decreasing trends of eBC mass concentration and PNCs. The diurnal and
seasonal variations in the trends clearly show the effects of the mitigation
policies for road transport and residential emissions. The influences of
other factors such as air masses, precipitation, and temperature were also
examined and found to be less important or negligible. This study proves
that a combination of emission mitigation policies can effectively improve
the air quality on large spatial scales. It also suggests that a long-term
aerosol measurement network at multi-type sites is an efficient and
necessary tool for evaluating emission mitigation policies.
Is there warming in the pipeline? A multi-model analysis of the Zero Emissions Commitment from CO2
Authors: MacDougall Andrew H. , Frölicher Thomas L. , Jones Chris D. , Rogelj Joeri , Matthews H. Damon , Zickfeld Kirsten , Arora Vivek K. , Barrett Noah J. , Brovkin Victor , Burger Friedrich A. , Eby Micheal , Eliseev Alexey V. , Hajima Tomohiro , Holden Philip B. , Jeltsch-Thömmes Aurich , Koven Charles , Mengis Nadine , Menviel Laurie , Michou Martine , Mokhov Igor I. , Oka Akira , Schwinger Jörg , Séférian Roland , Shaffer Gary , Sokolov Andrei , Tachiiri Kaoru , Tjiputra Jerry , Wiltshire Andrew , Ziehn Tilo
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The Zero Emissions Commitment (ZEC) is the change in global mean temperature expected to occur following the cessation of net CO2 emissions and as such is a critical parameter for calculating the remaining carbon budget. The Zero Emissions Commitment Model Intercomparison Project (ZECMIP) was established to gain a better understanding of the potential magnitude and sign of ZEC, in addition to the processes that underlie this metric. A total of 18 Earth system models of both full and intermediate complexity participated in ZECMIP. All models conducted an experiment where atmospheric CO2 concentration increases exponentially until 1000 PgC has been emitted. Thereafter emissions are set to zero and models are configured to allow free evolution of atmospheric CO2 concentration. Many models conducted additional second-priority simulations with different cumulative emission totals and an alternative idealized emissions pathway with a gradual transition to zero emissions. The inter-model range of ZEC 50 years after emissions cease for the 1000 PgC experiment is −0.36 to 0.29 ∘C, with a model ensemble mean of −0.07 ∘C, median of −0.05 ∘C, and standard deviation of 0.19 ∘C. Models exhibit a wide variety of behaviours after emissions cease, with some models continuing to warm for decades to millennia and others cooling substantially. Analysis shows that both the carbon uptake by the ocean and the terrestrial biosphere are important for counteracting the warming effect from the reduction in ocean heat uptake in the decades after emissions cease. This warming effect is difficult to constrain due to high uncertainty in the efficacy of ocean heat uptake. Overall, the most likely value of ZEC on multi-decadal timescales is close to zero, consistent with previous model experiments and simple theory.
A framework to regionalize conceptual model parameters for global hydrological modeling
Authors: Qi Wenyan , Chen Jie , Li Lu , Xu Chong-yu , Li Jingjing , Xiang Yiheng , Zhang Shaobo
Published: June 2020

Abstract. To provide an accurate estimate of global water resources and help to formulate water allocation policies, global hydrological models (GHMs) have been developed. However, it is difficult to obtain parameter values for GHMs, which results in large uncertainty in estimation of the global water balance components. In this study, a framework is developed for building GHMs based on parameter regionalization of catchment scale conceptual hydrological models. That is, using appropriate global scale regionalization scheme (GSRS) and conceptual hydrological models to simulate runoff at the grid scale globally and the Network Response Routing (NRF) method to converge the grid runoff to catchment streamflow. To achieve this, five regionalization methods (i.e. the global mean method, the spatial proximity method, the physical similarity method, the physical similarity method considering distance, and the regression method) are first tested for four conceptual hydrological models over thousands medium-sized catchments (2500–50000 km2) around the world to find the appropriate global scale regionalization scheme. The selected GSRS is then used to regionalize conceptual model parameters for global land grids with 0.5°×0.5° resolution on latitude and longitude. The results show that: (1) Spatial proximity method with the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method and the output average option (SPI-OUT) offers the best regionalization solution, and the greatest gains of the SPI-OUT method were achieved with mean distance between the donor catchments and the target catchment is no more than 1500 km. (2) It was found the Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) value of 0.5 is a good threshold value to select donor catchments. And (3) Four different GHMs established based on framework were able to produce reliable streamflow simulations. Overall, the proposal framework can be used with any conceptual hydrological model for estimating global water resources, even though uncertainty exists in terms of using difference conceptual models.
Improving sub-canopy snow depth mapping with unmanned aerial vehicles: lidar versus structure-from-motion techniques
Authors: Harder Phillip , Pomeroy John W. , Helgason Warren D.
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Vegetation has a tremendous influence on snow processes
and snowpack dynamics, yet remote sensing techniques to resolve the spatial
variability of sub-canopy snow depth are not always available and are
difficult from space-based platforms. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have
had recent widespread application to capture high-resolution information on
snow processes and are herein applied to the sub-canopy snow depth
challenge. Previous demonstrations of snow depth mapping with UAV structure
from motion (SfM) and airborne lidar have focussed on non-vegetated surfaces
or reported large errors in the presence of vegetation. In contrast,
UAV-lidar systems have high-density point clouds and measure returns from a
wide range of scan angles, increasing the likelihood of successfully sensing
the sub-canopy snow depth. The effectiveness of UAV lidar and UAV SfM in
mapping snow depth in both open and forested terrain was tested in a 2019
field campaign at the Canadian Rockies Hydrological Observatory, Alberta, and
at Canadian prairie sites near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Only
UAV lidar could successfully measure the sub-canopy snow surface with
reliable sub-canopy point coverage and consistent error metrics
(root mean square error (RMSE) <0.17 m and bias −0.03 to −0.13 m). Relative to UAV lidar, UAV SfM
did not consistently sense the sub-canopy snow surface, the interpolation
needed to account for point cloud gaps introduced interpolation artefacts,
and error metrics demonstrated relatively large variability (RMSE<0.33 m and bias 0.08 to −0.14 m). With the demonstration of sub-canopy snow
depth mapping capabilities, a number of early applications are presented to
showcase the ability of UAV lidar to effectively quantify the many
multiscale snow processes defining snowpack dynamics in mountain and prairie
environments.
Opportunistic evaluation of modelled sea ice drift using passively drifting telemetry collars in Hudson Bay, Canada
Authors: Togunov Ron R. , Klappstein Natasha J. , Lunn Nicholas J. , Derocher Andrew E. , Auger-Méthé Marie
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Sea ice drift plays a central role in the Arctic climate and ecology through
its effects on the ice cover, thermodynamics, and energetics of northern
marine ecosystems. Due to the challenges of accessing the Arctic, remote
sensing has been used to obtain large-scale longitudinal data. These data
are often associated with errors and biases that must be considered when
incorporated into research. However, obtaining reference data for validation
is often prohibitively expensive or practically unfeasible. We used the
motion of 20 passively drifting high-accuracy GPS telemetry collars
originally deployed on polar bears, Ursus maritimus, in western Hudson Bay, Canada, to
validate a widely used sea ice drift dataset produced by the National Snow
and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). Our results showed that the NSIDC model tended
to underestimate the horizontal and vertical (i.e., u and v)
components of drift. Consequently, the NSIDC model underestimated magnitude
of drift, particularly at high ice speeds. Modelled drift direction was
unbiased; however, it was less precise at lower drift speeds. Research using
these drift data should consider integrating these biases into their
analyses, particularly where absolute ground speed or direction is
necessary. Further investigation is required into the sources of error,
particularly in under-examined areas without in situ data.
Novel Blood Biomarkers for an Earlier Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review
Authors: Rao Shiavax , Boileau Andrew J.
Published: June 2020

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition associated with neurofibrillary tangles and cortical deposition of amyloid plaques. Clinical presentation of the disease involves manifestations such as memory loss, cognitive decline and dementia with some of the earliest reported deficits being episodic memory impairment and olfactory dysfunction. Current diagnostic approaches rely on autopsy characterization of gross brain pathology, or brain imaging of biomarkers late in the disease course. The aim of this literature review is to identify and compare newly emerging and novel CSF, serum and mucosal biomarkers, with the potential of making an earlier clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Utilizing such techniques may allow for earlier therapeutic intervention, reduction of disability and enhancement of quality of life. Literature review and analysis was performed by screening the PubMed database for relevant studies within the past 5 years. All studies showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences in testing between AD patients and controls. Two categories of serum biomarkers (redox-reactive antiphospholipid antibodies and microRNAs) and an olfactory mucosal marker (microRNA-206) could discriminate between early AD patients and controls with high sensitivity and specificity. In conclusion, certain studies have shown promising results with high sensitivity and specificity, high discriminative potential for Alzheimer’s disease early in its progression, and statistically significant results in larger study samples. Utilization of such diagnostic techniques should increase the efficacy of making an earlier clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Remarks on the Theory of Relativity (1922)
Authors: Bergson Henri , Massey Heath
Published: June 2020

On April 22, 1922, the Societé française de Philosophie hosted Albert Einstein for a discussion of the theory of relativity.  In the course of this discussion, Henri Bergson, who was at that time writing Duration and Simultaneity, which explored some of the philosophical implications of Einstein's theory, was asked to share his thoughts.  The resulting remarks offer a glimpse into Bergson's analysis of the concept of simultaneity, and Einstein's brief reply reveals his insistence that time itself, not just "the physicist's time," is relative.
Becoming an Embodied Social Self Capable of Relating to Norms: Ricoeur’s Narrative Identity Reconsidered in the Light of Enactivism
Authors: Halsema Annemie
Published: June 2020

In this paper, I argue for a revaluation of Paul Ricoeur’s notion of narrative identity in light of what Miriam Kyselo has coined “the body-social problem” in enactivism (Kyselo 2014). It is my contention that while phenomenological perspectives upon the body and the self are considered relevant in enactivism, the hermeneutical, discursive facets are understood as a less essential facet of the self, for instance as the self’s reflexive side, that gives expression to an experiential self (Zahavi 2007: 182-184, 2014: 57-59). Yet, it is in language that the self is addressed by others and that the self reflects upon itself and understands itself. Especially in order to understand aspects of identity which are of importance for the social situation of the self, such as gender, the way we are addressed by others and address ourselves by means of language need to be taken into account.
La visión geopolítica del Estado de Chile sobre la proyección fronteriza del 'Norte Grande': algunas lecturas críticas
Authors: Ovando Cristian , Álvarez Gonzalo , López Sophie
Published: June 2020

El conocimiento geopolítico clásico ha sido una aproximación clave para analizar los problemas fronterizos del Norte Grande de Chile. Su derrotero ha expuesto continuidades, cambios y matices en el plano teórico, infiriéndose, además, el diálogo con otras aproximaciones provenientes de las relaciones internacionales, principalmente asociadas al realismo tradicional. En el ámbito de su reproducción través de políticas públicas, se advierte que se han introducido nuevas perspectivas que difieren de la geopolítica tradicional, no obstante que esta última mantiene una influencia importante en variados aspectos de la política de defensa, exterior e interior. De esta manera, ambas dimensiones coexisten en la definición de las políticas e instituciones del Estado de Chile hacia el Norte Grande y la frontera. La problematización que se realiza adopta aspectos de la geopolítica crítica. Desde ese punto de vista se analiza la presencia de perspectivas “renovadas y tradicionales”, que inspiran el quehacer del Estado chileno hacia esta frontera.
El vacío de poder en el Medio Oriente. Análisis del caso kurdo
Authors: García Perilla Juan Carlos , Garzón García David Ernesto
Published: June 2020

El “vacío de poder” es una condición peligrosa que altera el statu quo y es producto de la falta de gobernabilidad de un Estado, su incapacidad para generar una efectiva cohesión social y la deslegitimación de sus instituciones. Este artículo analizará cómo algunas comunidades kurdas en Irak, Irán, Siria y Turquía, los países donde su población y territorio ancestral se encuentran principalmente concentrados, se han convertido en fuerzas gemismáticas con la capacidad de crear y llenar vacíos de poder y la dinámica a la que se enfrentan en estos países en el proceso de llenado del vacío de poder que dejó consigo el Estado Islámico.
Una mirada territorial de la lucha armada: las FARC-EP y Sendero Luminoso
Authors: Ríos Sierra Jerónimo
Published: June 2020

El siguiente artículo indaga en la relación territorial que tuvieron los dos grupos armados más importantes de la región andina en el pasado siglo XX: las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) y Partido Comunista del Perú - Sendero Luminoso (PCPSL). Partiendo de un marco teórico que vincula el origen y subsistencia de los grupos insurgentes a condiciones de inaccesibilidad y de disposición de recursos, se analiza desde una perspectiva comparada, la secuencia espacio-temporal de la aparición, desarrollo y auge y debilitamiento de cada uno de estos dos grupos con una lógica periferia-centro-periferia. Esto es, un surgimiento en dos contextos periféricos como son Marquetalia y Ayacucho, una búsqueda de la centralidad, producto de una acumulación de fuerzas notable, y tras la respuesta beligerante del Estado en último término, unido a otros factores, un retorno a la condición periférica.
Construcción de paz en la práctica comunicacional juvenil. Estudio de dos colectivos de Medellín (Colombia)
Authors: Castrillón Medina Manuel Javier , Hernando Gómez Ángel
Published: June 2020

La presente investigación se enmarca en la coyuntura del proceso de paz que tuvo lugar en la Habana (Cuba) entre 2015 y 2016, orientado en la reconciliación de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC), el Gobierno Nacional y diversos representantes de la ciudadanía. Con antecedentes de más de 60 años de violencia, esta posibilidad de cese al fuego significó la puesta en común de diversas visiones de esperanza, negación y/o incertidumbre. En este sentido, el rol de la población joven de Medellín fue determinante para la constitución de voluntades positivas a partir de la producción audiovisual. El trabajo, que aborda las dinámicas comunicativas de los colectivos Morada y Mi Comuna, se basa en un análisis de contenido de 30 productos audiovisuales y entrevistas semiestructuradas, a la luz de las categorías del concepto de cultura de paz (Galtung y Jiménez-Bautista). Los hallazgos ubican a la práctica de la comunicación como una estrategia para la construcción de paz a partir de procesos de intervención social.
Causas da pobreza, meritocracia e igualdade
Authors: Wachelke Joao Rech , Pagliaro Guarato; Lívia Maria Moreira , Ramos Silva Amanda Borba , Saraiva Vieira Nágilla Regina
Published: June 2020

Considerando que as crenças são mediadas socialmente por convenções culturais, o presente trabalho é um levantamento de dados que segue uma abordagem semiótica baseada na teoria dos códigos para interpretar padrões de explicação de causas da pobreza a partir de crenças meritocráticas e sobre igualdade. 1.233 adolescentes brasileiros completaram um questionário com sentenças sobre essas temáticas. Uma análise de clusters permitiu identificar um código individualista da pobreza com base em crenças meritocráticas e um código sócio-estruturalista que se baseia também em posições igualitárias. Discute-se que valores de igualdade contrapõem-se a uma ideologia meritocrática para condicionar interpretações sociais da pobreza.
La documentación de los proyectos de 'Obra Sindical del Hogar (OHS)' y 'Obra Sindical de Educación y Descanso (EyD)' en la provincia de Badajoz
Authors: Sanz Caballero Isabel María , Vivas Moreno Agustín
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo es dar a conocer la importancia de la documentación generada por la Organización Sindical Española (OSE), centrándonos en las “Obras Sindicales del Hogar” y las “Obras Sindicales de Educación y Descanso”. Durante la etapa Franquista, tanto las “Obras Sindicales de Hogar” (OSH) como las “Obras Sindicales de Educación y Descanso” (EyD) junto con las “Obras de Formación Profesional”, fueron las que se dotaron de mayor presupuesto. Según datos de la propia OSE, se llegaron a crear un total de 138.686 viviendas. Estos datos se traducen en la aparición de gran cantidad de documentación producida por estos organismos durante estos años. La metodología seguida para la consecución de los objetivos del estudio ha sido triple: por un lado, se ha seguido una metodología institucional, con objeto de analizar la génesis documental y la identificación de las series documentales; posteriormente, se ha seguido la metodología documental, con objeto de describir expedientes tipo más relevantes siguiendo la ISAD(G); y, por último, la metodología histórica, con el objeto de analizar, siquiera brevemente, la relevancia histórica de la documentación. El análisis de la documentación conservada en el Archivo del Servicio Territorial de Badajoz va a permitir dar a conocer el tipo de proyectos constructivos llevados a cabo durante la etapa franquista en la provincia de Badajoz, así como el contexto en el que fueron realizados.
Las redes sociales como herramienta educativa a través de la producción científica
Authors: Lorenzo Lledó Gonzalo
Published: June 2020

Las sociedades actuales han ido evolucionando hacía nuevas formas de comunicación que ha proporcionado la tecnología. Las redes sociales han permitido la creación de entornos interactivos para compartir información y crear conocimiento. La influencia de estas herramientas en los diferentes contextos han lugar a un incremento en las investigaciones sobre su uso en el campo educativo. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación ha sido analizar la producción científica sobre el uso de las redes sociales como herramientas formativas durante periodo 2009-2018. Para ello se han utilizado diversas bases de datos entre las que destacan la Science Citation Index, Emerging Source Citation Index y la Science Citation Index Expanded. Se introdujeron una serie de palabras clave que permitieron obtener una muestra de 252 documentos que fueron analizados en función de una serie de indicadores bibliométricos como el índice de inmediatez, el índice de aislamiento o el número de publicaciones anuales. Los resultados constatan que el periodo de mayor producción ha sido el comprendido entre 2015-2018, siendo la gran mayoría de los artículos publicados en revistas del Q1 tanto en la Social Science Citation Index y la Science Citation Index Expanded. Por otro lado, existe un 19% de solape entre las revistas de ambas bases de datos. Asimismo, los equipos de trabajo oscilan entre uno y tres autores. Como futuras líneas de trabajo se plantea completar la muestra de documentos desde una perspectiva más de análisis de temáticas.
Relaciones de similitud y valor discriminatorio de los indicadores de Scimago Journal and Country Rank. Un análisis basado en las revistas generalistas de antropología (2008-2017)
Authors: Traverso Julieta V. , Ortiz-Jaureguizar Edgardo , Miguel Sandra , Posadas Paula
Published: June 2020

Trece revistas generalistas de antropología, seleccionadas entre las listadas en el portal Scimago Journal and Country Rank, han sido estudiadas con una metodología bibliométrica. Los objetivos fueron: a) analizar las relaciones de similitud entre las revistas; b) analizar las relaciones de similitud entre los indicadores bibliométricos; y c) establecer el valor discriminatorio de los mismos. Los 17 indicadores analizados fueron los provistos por el portal Scimago Journal and Country Rank. Se utilizaron técnicas de análisis univariado (diagramas de proporciones de Simpson) y multivariado (fenograma y análisis de componentes principales). Entre las conclusiones de este estudio, puede mencionarse que: 1) se observan cinco grandes agrupamientos de revistas, basados principalmente en indicadores de repercusión, prestigio y producción; 2) la elevada correlación entre algunos indicadores (> 0,95) muestra la existencia de redundancia entre los mismos a la hora de agrupar o discriminar a las revistas analizadas; 3) los agrupamientos de indicadores no son congruentes  con los agrupamientos basados en sus tipologías y formas de cálculo; y 4) un Editor/Director de una revista generalista de antropología dispondría de tres estrategias para incrementar la repercusión y el prestigio de su revista: a) que los indicadores “deseables” tengan valores elevados y los “no deseables” bajos; b) que los indicadores “deseables” tengan valores altos, para compensar la acción negativa de valores altos en los indicadores “no deseables”; y c) compensar los valores relativamente bajos de los indicadores “deseables” con valores también bajos de los “no deseables”.
Plant Growth Regulators in the in Vitro Cultivation of Acmella oleracea (L.)
Authors: Lima Nastassja Kimberlly , Da Silva Eloisa Schneider , Da Cruz Rayane Monique Sete , Monteiro Pedro Henrique Riboldi , Da Silva Glacy Jaqueline
Published: June 2020

Acmella oleracea is a tropical plant, typical of the northern region of Brazil. The species belongs to the Asteraceae family and has great therapeutic, pharmacological and industrial potential. A limiting factor for the production of this species on a large scale is the short life cycle. The tissue culture programs use synthetic hormones based on cytokinins, such as kinetin and benzylaminopurine (BAP) and auxins such as naphthalene acetic acid (ANA). The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on the production of Acmella oleracea "in vitro". The experimental test was carried out with control (C), without the addition of growth regulators and five treatments, composed of: (T1) 0.1; (T2) 0.3; (T3) 0.5 mg L-1 kinetin; (T4) 0.1 mg L-1 of BAP and ANA; (T5) 0.5 mg L-1 of BAP and ANA. The experimental design was a completely randomized block in a factorial arrangement with six treatments, three blocks and twenty-five repetitions per block. The evaluated parameters were: germination, root formation, aerial part length, root length, aerial part fresh mass and root fresh mass, aerial part dry mass and root dry mass. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (p <0.05) and compared using the Tukey test. The results showed that kinetin positively contributed to seed germination and aerial part dry mass development. Treatment 1 had the best results for the parameters root length, shoot length and root dry mass.
Slam: poesia e performance de resistência
Authors: Volmer Lovani , Souza Suzana Da Silva , Conte Daniel
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho busca evidenciar como o Slam propicia um novo espaço de produção e partilha poética, podendo abrir caminhos para descobertas no âmbito da autoafirmação e do reconhecimento a respeito das múltiplas lutas pela conquista de espaço, elevando vozes historicamente relegadas às coxias da vida social. Apresenta um olhar analítico dialógico e polifônico, além do entendimento de performance de Paul Zumthor; e apresenta o caso de Natália Pagot, slammer que se destaca pelo seus fazeres poéticos e performáticos. O trabalho aponta, ainda, à ideia de partilha do sensível de Jacques Rancière, a partir da qual defende a ideia de liberdade das condições imaginárias a fim de que as gerações futuras possam conhecer uma nova forma de sociedade em que mulheres e homens, crianças, idosos e jovens, com suas etnias e sexualidades, tenham seus direitos validados e preservados com equidade e dignidade.
Os animais e a construção identitária em Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Authors: Rubira Suellen Rodrigues
Published: June 2020

O presente ensaio aborda a representação animal como construção identitária na narrativa memorialística de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, a saber, a trilogia Boitempo. Composta pelos volumes Boitempo, Menino antigo e Esquecer para lembrar, a autobiografia do poeta acaba por subverter o gênero em questão ao propor uma narrativa em forma de poesia e, ainda, versar sobre uma personagem bastante conhecida, o gauche. Quanto à simbólica animal, é possível pensá-la em termos de bestiário, ou seja, um conjunto de animais que dá ao universo drummondiano uma coerência própria. O estudo dos poemas “Signo”, “Aquele Andrade” e “Cheiro de couro”, de Boitempo I, II e III, respectivamente, sintetiza o percurso de Drummond ao unir as pontas da literatura e da memória e, ainda, pensar o outro que é o animal.
O poético que se instaura no vocal: a experiência da criança na linguagem
Authors: Diedrich Marlete Sandra
Published: June 2020

Neste estudo, tematiza-se o papel dos arranjos vocais na vivência, pela criança, de experiências de linguagem que se marcam pela função poética da linguagem. A problemática que move essa reflexão centra-se na seguinte questão: qual o papel dos arranjos vocais na experiência da criança com a língua em sua manifestação poética? Para dar conta dessa problemática, assume-se a perspectiva enunciativa aquisicional, a qual ilumina o olhar para os fatos enunciativos de uma criança na faixa etária de dois anos a dois anos e seis meses, os quais compõem um corpus de dados naturalísticos. A análise dos fatos permite afirmar que os arranjos vocais mobilizados pela criança na sua experiência com a língua em manifestações poéticas advêm, principalmente, de esquemas culturais por ela vivenciados em brincadeiras musicadas, as quais são construídas com outras crianças e com adultos, no universo que caracteriza as relações sociais da infância. Logo, a vivência do poético na experiência de aquisição da linguagem abre a possibilidade de a criança experimentar novos modos de dizer, novas relações com a língua e com o outro, constituindo-se como sujeito do seu dizer.
Antibiotic Stewardship for Total Joint Arthroplasty in 2020
Authors: Myers Thomas G. , Lipof Jason S. , Chen Antonia F. , Ricciardi Benjamin F.
Published: June 2020

Projections indicate an increase in primary and revision total joint arthroplasties (TJAs). Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are one of the most common and devastating causes of failure after TJA. Perioperative administration of systemic and/or local antibiotics is used for both prophylaxis and treatment of PJI. Antibiotic stewardship is a term that has been met with clinical acceptance and success in other specialties of medicine. Identifying antibiotic best practice use in the fight against PJI is limited by studies that are extremely heterogeneous in their design. Variations in studies include antibiotic selection and duration, surgical débridement steps, type of antibiotic delivery (intra-articular, local, intravenous, and prolonged oral), mix of primary and revision surgery cohorts, both hip and knee cohorts, infecting organisms, and definitions of treatment success/failure. This review highlights the current challenges of antibiotic stewardship in TJA.
Management of Glenohumeral Joint Osteoarthritis
Authors: Khazzam Michael , Gee Albert O. , Pearl Michael
Published: June 2020

The Management of Glenohumeral Joint Osteoarthritis Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline is based on a systematic review of published studies for the treatment of glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis. The purpose of this clinical practice guideline is to address the management of patients with glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis. It is not intended to address the management of glenohumeral joint arthritis from etiologies other than osteoarthritis (ie, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory arthritis, posttraumatic arthritis, osteonecrosis, rotator cuff tear arthroplasty, capsulorrhaphy arthroplasty, and postinfections arthroplasty) This guideline contains 13 recommendations to assist all qualified and appropriately trained healthcare professionals involved in the management of glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis. In addition, the work group highlighted the need for better research for implant survivorship of total shoulder arthroplasty, the efficacy of physical therapy and other nonsurgical treatment modalities, the use of advanced imaging modalities and software and their impact on clinical and functional outcomes, complication rates or implant survivorship, and the need for high-quality studies demonstrating improved clinical outcomes and/or implant survivorship for the use of reverse shoulder arthroplasty as opposed to anatomic shoulder arthroplasty in challenging situations.
Técnicas de inteligência artificial para reconhecimento de sepse em ambientes hospitalares: revisão integrativa
Authors: Cesario Everton Osnei , Nakamura Cristiane Yumi , Gumiel Yohan Bonescki , Carvalho Deborah Ribeiro
Published: June 2020

A sepse é uma inflamação generalizada com elevada morbidade e mortalidade, cujo reconhecimento e tratamento precoce são fatores essenciais para uma melhor qualidade de vida para o paciente; caso não seja identificada e tratada rapidamente, poderá levar a óbito. Este artigo de revisão integrativa objetiva identificar as técnicas baseadas em inteligência artificial adotadas, sua respectiva acurácia, sensibilidade e especificidade para a identificação precoce nos casos de sepse em ambiente hospitalar. A pesquisa, adaptada do método PRISMA, foi realizada em cinco bases de dados indexadas a partir dos seguintes descritores: sepse, septic, sepsis, forecasting, predict, prediction, detection, predicting, diagnosis, assessment, machine learning, artificial intelligence, data mining e deep learning. Foram identificados 333 artigos, sendo 21 com referência ao reconhecimento precoce da sepse por meio de 16 técnicas. Os resultados demonstram que as redes neurais tiveram melhor desempenho, variando a acurácia entre 76% e 93%, as árvores de decisão entre 69,0% e 91,5% e os métodos estatísticos entre 56% e 89%. Conclui-se que o fator mais influente na identificação precoce do diagnóstico são a variedade e a qualidade dos dados. Também se evidencia o desafio em relação ao pré-processamento, visto que os dados em geral são oriundos de fontes heterogêneas, coletados com critérios, métodos e objetivos distintos.
THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNIST BLOC IN THE ILO DURING THE COLD WAR – SELECTED ISSUES
Authors: Kobroń-Gąsiorowska Łucja
Published: June 2020

In this article, from a multidisciplinary point of view, key questions were raised that defined how the bloc of communist countries had an impact on the International Labor Organization. The author believes that the role of communist countries in the ILO depended not only on the international political, economic and social context of the time, but also on the field of globalized labor history and relations of international organizations. The starting point of this article is the central hypothesis that the concept of protecting employees and the rights of employers has always been presented from the point of view of the „bloc” of capitalist states, without reference to the role of communist states.
Problems of midwifery and nursing students in a neonatal care unit
Authors: Büyük Tural
Published: June 2020

Aim: To determine the problems that midwifery and nursing students face in a neonatal care unit. Materials and methods: The study was carried out with 179 third-year students, out of 204 in a Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Midwifery and Nursing, who agreed to participate in this study. The data were collected by using a sociodemographic information form and a questionnaire form. These forms included questions on the feelings that student nurses experienced in a neonatal care for the first time and the reasons behind them. Percentage, mean, median, and chi-square tests were used to evaluate the data. Results: In this study, 88.8% of the participants were female and 45.8% of them had chosen their departments at their own will. Among them, 73.7% were excited and 38.5% were frightened to provide care to a neonate for the first time. In addition, 66.5% of nursing students were afraid of causing harm to the neonate. Moreover, 54.7% of student nurses felt that a neonate was too small to handle. Furthermore, 43.6% of the participants had the fear of dropping the neonate, while 39.7% of them had never given care to a neonate before. A statistically significant number of participants did not feel like touching while giving care to the neonate (p < 0.05). These feelings were reported by following types of participants: male midwifery and student nurses, who had chosen their departments at their own will, and student nurses who were not willing to work in neonatal care units after graduation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that midwifery and nursing students have difficulties in handling and giving care a neonate for the first time. This is because they got excited and frightened during their neonatal practice.
An artistic portrait of Glenn Gould based on tHe analysis of his recordings of the Goldberg Variations by Johann Sebastian bach from 1955 and 1981, part 2
Authors: Stupski Michał
Published: June 2020

The article is the continuation of the text on the artistic profile of Glenn Gould based on the analysis of recordings of The Goldberg Variations from 1955 and 1981. The first part of the article, published in the previous issue of “Notes Muzyczny”, describing the life and style of the Cana- dian pianist and also the origin, construction and general characteristics of The Goldberg Variations by J.S. Bach, was sort of an introduction to the detailed analysis of both recordings, which is the main subject of the author’s deliberations. Additionally, apart from the mentioned analysis, the article presents general characteristics of each variation plus the circumstances when both versions of The Goldberg Variations were written. An important part of the article is touching on the problem of performance and perception of this great composition – as it had been believed for centuries that The Variations were challenging not only for a performer but also for a listener. For that reason, both versions of The Variations performed by Glenn Gould, which are commonly considered as masterpieces, are worth knowing.
Role of a midwife in cervical cancer prevention based on a study of the population of women residing in the Bialski poviat
Authors: Gładysz Iwona
Published: June 2020

Background: Cancer, next to cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, accidents, and mental illness, is one of the most common diseases of the 21st century. In the female population, cervical cancer is most often diagnosed at late stages.
Aim of the study: The goal of the study is to determine the opinions of women who reside in Bialski poviat about midwife participation in cervical cancer screening and prevention.
Material and methods: The study group was recruited from randomly selected patients from two physiotherapy offices in the Bialski poviat, as well as students and employees of the State University Pope John Paul II in Biala Podlaska. The research tool consisted of the author’s questionnaire concerning the role of midwives in cervical cancer prevention and consisted of 25 questions.
Results: Almost half of the respondents or 44.2% (76) believe that the role of a midwife in cervical cancer prevention is based on health education given to women about cervical cancer screening and prevention. 27.3% (47) believe that the role of a midwife in prevention is based on the availability of cytological pap smears. Most or 56% (14) respondents from the age group over 55 and 29.2% (7) surveyed in the 18-25 age group knew about the important role of midwives performing cytological pap smear as part of a prevention strategy against cervical cancer.
Conclusions: 1. The knowledge base of the women examined, regarding the role of a midwife in the prevention of cervical cancer, is lacking or insufficient. 2. The role of the midwife in the prevention of cervical cancer is unknown to young women in the 18-25 age group.
Riqueza movida a petróleo: maldição ou alavanca para o desenvolvimento?
Authors: Lumbreras Marlúcia Junger , Piquet Rosélia
Published: June 2020

O propósito do presente artigo é investigar a utilização de políticas industriais para o fomento do desenvolvimento, para o setor petrolífero, por meio da discussão da utilização de Políticas de Conteúdo Local (PCL). Trata-se de uma análise qualitativa baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, donde pôde-se perceber que paísesprodutores de petróleo e gás, independentemente de seus estágios de desenvolvimento, buscam aplicar tais políticas com o intuito de fortalecer a indústria local, gerar empregos e desenvolver tecnologia.Contudo, os países subdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento enfrentam dificuldades em sua implantação.
Participação social nos processos de criação e gestão da Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Tracuateua - PA, Brasil
Authors: Do Nascimento Thaylana Pires , Do Nascimento Josinaldo Reis
Published: June 2020

Esse trabalho realizou uma investigação sociológica acerca da participação das populações tradicionais da RESEX Marinha de Tracuateua- PA, nos processos de criação e gestão, considerando um recorte temporal de 19 anos. A história de vida e as entrevistas em profundidade, realizadas com os principais atores envolvidos nos processos investigados, durante o período de janeiro 2015 a junho de 2018, subsidiaram esta compreessão. A RESEX Tracuateua criada em 2005 é fruto de longos debates e mobilizações a partir do ano de 1998, como parte de uma das estratégias usadas por técnicos do CNPT/IBAMA, e dos pescadores do litoral paraense para garantir o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais, bem como conter a expansão da carcinicultura. Passados 15 anos de sua criação, os fatos que motivaram os pescadores e as pescadoras do município a participarem dos processos de criação ainda estão bem vivos e cheios de ressignificados para os dias atuais.
Paisagens em movimento: transformações pós-ocupação nos conjuntos habitacionais do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida
Authors: Orsi Rafael Alves
Published: June 2020

O Programa Minha Casa Minha, lançado em 2009, alavancou a produção habitacional brasileira transformando as paisagens das cidades, sobretudo nas áreas periféricas onde conjuntos habitacionais ou complexos de conjuntos habitacionais foram implantados. Refletindo os interesses de múltiplos atores em diferentes escalas, a análise da paisagem urbana, nestes empreendimentos, permite a compreensão das articulações entre atores de atuação global e nacional e as idiossincrasias locais e a vida cotidiana expressas no processo de produção do espaço. Com o intuito de analisar as transformações pós-ocupação nos conjuntos habitacionais que fazem parte do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida, destacando o movimento antagônico e complementar da escala local e global na composição desta paisagem selecionou-se cinco empreendimentos na cidade de Araraquara/SP/Brasil para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Ancorado em pesquisa bibliográfica, observação da paisagem e trabalhos de campo, pode-se averiguar as profundas transformações no espaço que denotam fortes demandas sociais, mas também sonhos e esperanças.
BELO, Duarte. Sabor - Mamoré: viagem de comboio sobre o mar. Lisboa: Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, 2013. 128 p.
Authors: De Oliveira José Aldemir
Published: June 2020

Trata-se de um livro que tem como base dois rios, Sabor em Portugal e Mamoré do Brasil. Um livro de arte em que se entrelaçam textos e fotografias que são pura arte de mostrar a geografia dos lugares. Sabor - Mamoré foram estradas de ferro construídas no início do século XX e ambas tinham finalidades similares: o escoamento de recursos naturais – Sabor, o ferro, e Mamoré, a borracha. Enquanto movimento de pessoas e recursos no espaço, ambas deixaram de ser prioridade por estarem localizadas nos riscões, em Portugal no Trás-os-Montes e no Brasil na Amazônia mais profunda, a da fronteira oeste.
Desenvolvimentismo e mercantilização da terra: transição e resistência das várzeas paraenses
Authors: Duarte Cardoso Ana Cláudia , Ventura Neto Raul Da Silva
Published: June 2020

O texto caracteriza o protagonismo histórico da biodiversidade amazônica e explica sua desvalorização em meio urbano e rural por ação do desenvolvimentismo e do avanço da mercantilização da terra rural na região. O texto apoia-se na análise documental, revisão de literatura e em cartografia sobre Belém e Mocajuba, cujos casos demonstram que os conflitos desse processo “invisibilizam” o habitante nativo, ampliam desigualdades e destroem sistemas de áreas verdes que poderiam contribuir para a correção dos equívocos do passado e para a promoção de justiça ambiental. Ressalta-se o protagonismo das cidades na difusão de uma nova estratégia de ocupação territorial para a região, para benefício da vida no planeta.