bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodological issues for the economic evaluation of health interventions: a concise state of the art
Authors: Di Tanna Gian Luca , Baio Gianluca
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a preliminary report of the Italian Society of Medical Statistics and Clinical Epidemiology (SISMEC) working group called SiPrEMAS (Evidence Synthesis and Decision Modelling in Health) collating some topics addressed throughout the first two years of collaboration. It contains a rapid overview of the principal methods used for the economic evaluation of health interventions. Special focus is given to the process of assembling and pooling the available evidence, modeling methods, the analysis of uncertainty (structural and on parameters), cost analysis and cost consequences analysis. This paper intends to stimulate the discussion among different professionals involved in the decision making process at national level, trying to (re)bridge the gap between decision makers and researchers.
The CRACK programme: a scientific alliance for bridging healthcare research and public health policies in Italy
Authors: Corrao Giovanni , Cesana Giancarlo , La Vecchia Carlo , Vittadini Giorgio , Catapano Alberico , Mancia Giuseppe , Brignoli Ovidio , Filippi Alessandro , Cantarutti Luigi , Merlino Luca , Zocchetti Carlo , Carle Flavia
Published: April 2023

Healthcare utilisation databases, and other secondary data sources, have been used with growing frequency to assess health outcomes and healthcare interventions worldwide. Their increased popularity as a research tool is due to their timely availability, the large patient populations covered, low cost, and applicability for studying real-world clinical practice. Despite the need to measure Italian National Health Service performance both at regional and national levels, the wealth of good quality electronic data and the high standards of scientific research in this field, healthcare research and public health policies seem to progress along orthogonal dimensions in Italy. The main barriers to the development of evidence-based public health include the lack of understanding of evidence-based methodologies by policy makers, and of involvement of researchers in the policy process. The CRACK programme was launched by some academics from the Lombardy Region. By extensively using electronically stored data, epidemiologists, biostatisticians, pharmacologists and clinicians applied methods and evidence to several issues of healthcare research. The CRACK programme was based on their intention to remove barriers that thwart the process of bridging methods and findings from scientific journals to public health practice. This paper briefly describes aim, articulation and management of the CRACK programme, and discusses why it might find articulated application in Italy.
The association between self-efficacy and sick-leave among men and women: a cross-sectional study of the general working population in Sweden
Authors: Holmgren Kristina EM , Mårdby Ann-Charlotte M
Published: April 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate if low self-efficacy was associated with increased risk for sickness absence, in a general population of employed women and men. The aim was also to analyse differences in self-efficacy concerning age, education, income, and socio-economic position.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on data collected in western Sweden, 2008. The study population consisted of 2,900 employed sick-listed individuals (E-SL) and 2,649 random working population individuals (R-WP). Both mailed questionnaire, including the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and register data on age, education, income and socio-economic position were used. A continuous mean score of the total GSE was calculated for each individual. A low GSE-score indicated low general self-efficacy.

Results: Lower general self-efficacy had an increased odds ratio (OR) of belonging to a sick-listed general working population among both men (OR=1.60; 95% CI 1.32–1.94) and women (OR=1.26; 95% CI 1.08–1.47). The OR remained significant after adjustments for socio-demographic variables. Yet, men in the R-WP and women in both the R-WP and E-SL with lower education, income or socio-economic position had lower general self-efficacy compared with those in each cohort with higher education, income or socio-economic position.

Conclusions: Low self-efficacy was associated with increased probability to belong to a sick-listed general working population. Although more research is needed, it seems highly relevant to take both self-efficacy and socio-economic factors into account, in preventive and rehabilitation work targeting persons on sickness absence.
A new scope and a vision for record linkage studies
Authors: Corrao Giovanni , La Vecchia Carlo
Published: April 2023

Record linkage - i.e. the use and linkage of electronic, mainly administrative databases - has been utilized in epidemiologic research for over three decades now, starting from the system implemented in a few US health maintenance organizations (HMO, i.e. the Kaiser Permanente network), a few Nordic countries systems, or the UK general practice research database (UK GPRD, now clinical practice research datalink,CPRD) [1, 2]...
Prevalence and correlates of childhood obesity in suburban area of Odisha: A cross sectional study
Authors: Pati Sanghamitra , Swain Subhashish , Akhtar Hussain Mohammad , Singh Chauhan Abhimanyu
Published: April 2023

Introduction: In India obesity and overweight is increasing among urban adolescents. Both under and over nutrition is grappling the country at faster rate. Present study was an attempt to explore obesity and overweight prevalence among school going children in suburban areas of Cuttack city, Odisha, India and their correlates.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done among school children in suburban area of Cuttack city, Odisha. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to interview the study participants to elicit information about their age, number of siblings, birth order of the child, working status of parents, television screen viewing time, mode of transport to school and dietary habit of the students. A total of 550 children studying in class five to ten participated in our study.

Result: Out of 550 children screened, nearly (14) 2.5% students were thin or severely thin, whereas (67)12.1% students were overweight or obese. Univariate analysis revealed that girls were almost five times at higher risk of being overweight/obesity compared to boys (OR: 4.78 95%CI: 1.35-16.93). Children who used motorized vehicles for going to school had an unadjusted Odds ratio of 10.08 [95%CI: 2.08-48.77] of being overweight or obese compared to those who walked to school. Having more than one child at home (OR= 0.15, 95%CI: 0.039-0.6) and doing physical activity for more than 30min per day (0.105, 95%CI: 0.015-0.72) were found to be protective against overweight and obesity.

Conclusion: Bearing in mind the burden of overweight and obesity among school children there is a need for periodic screening, awareness at school and parent counselling.
Using DRG to analyze hospital production: a re-classification model based on a linear tree-network topology
Authors: Lanzarini Achille , Lafranconi Alessandra , Nonis Marino , Madotto Fabiana , Grillo Paolo , Olgiati Stefano , Cesana Giancarlo
Published: April 2023

Background: Hospital discharge records are widely classified through the Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) system; the version currently used in Italy counts 538 different codes, including thousands of diagnosis and procedures. These numbers reflect the considerable effort of simplification, yet the current classification system is of little use to evaluate hospital production and performance.

Methods: As the case-mix of a given Hospital Unit (HU) is driven by its physicians’ specializations, a grouping of DRGs into a specialization-driven classification system has been conceived through the analysis of HUs discharging and the ICD-9-CM codes. We propose a three-folded classification, based on the analysis of 1,670,755 Hospital Discharge Cards (HDCs) produced by Lombardy Hospitals in 2010; it consists of 32 specializations (e.g. Neurosurgery), 124 sub-specialization (e.g. skull surgery) and 337 sub-sub-specialization (e.g. craniotomy).

Results: We give a practical application of the three-layered approach, based on the production of a Neurosurgical HU; we observe synthetically the profile of production (1,305 hospital discharges for 79 different DRG codes of 16 different MDC are grouped in few groups of homogeneous DRG codes), a more informative production comparison (through process-specific comparisons, rather than crude or case-mix standardized comparisons) and a potentially more adequate production planning (considering the Neurosurgical HUs of the same city, those produce a limited quote of the whole neurosurgical production, because the same activity can be realized by non-Neurosugical HUs).

Conclusion: Our work may help to evaluate the hospital production for a rational planning of available resources, blunting information asymmetries between physicians and managers.
A systematic literature review on the policies and economic evaluation of organ transplantations in EU
Authors: Tritaki Georgia , Di Giannantonio Paolo , Boccia Stefania
Published: April 2023

Background: transplantation of human organs and tissues saves many lives and restores essential functions in combination of high measurable quality indicators. In spite of the fact that organ transplants have saved thousands of lives and greatly improved the quality of life of thousands more, regrettably many people will not benefit from this therapeutic procedure.

Methods: this review is based on economic evaluation studies published since 2000 and reviews published since 1987 for kidney, liver, lung, heart, pancreas, and small bowel transplantations that were conducted in 2010.

Results: empirical evidence showed that the costs of organ transplantations have generally decreased over time due to improvements in medicine, while survival and quality of life have improved. This indicates that the cost-effectiveness of transplantation has also improved over this period.

Conclusions: cost effectiveness studies on organ transplantations could contribute to the efforts of policy makers in maximising societal health benefits by managing society’s scarce resources. The differences between EU country are not only associated with different legal procedures but are also associated with social, organizational and several other factors.
Screen-based sedentary behaviours in Italian school children: the ZOOM8 study
Authors: Galfo Myriam , D'Addezio Laura , Censi Laura , Roccaldo Romana , Giostra Giordano
Published: April 2023

Background: screen-based sedentary behaviours likely have a negative impact on many aspects of youth health and development. The purpose of this study was to describe the screen-based sedentary behaviours and to examine factors associated in a sample of Italian school children.

Methods: 2129 children, aged 8-9 years, from the three main geographical areas of Italy were involved. Body weight and height were measured. Screen-based sedentary behaviours were evaluated using a parent-reported questionnaire that included items about the time spent watching television (TV) and using computer/playstation and other electronic games. Pearson’s chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted to study possible associated factors.

Results: more time was spent in screen-based sedentary activities during non-school days rather than on school days. More males than females watched television more than the recommended 2 hours a day and spent the same time using computer (PC), playstation and other electronic games.  The presence of a TV in the child’s bedroom was significantly associated with geographical area, and inversely associated with mother’s education. Moreover, children with a TV in the bedroom had higher odds of being overweight/obese and watching TV more than 2 hours a day than those without a TV. According to multiple logistic regression gender, mother’s age and mother’s education were predictors of the total screen time.

Conclusions: Italian children spent a significant amount of time in screen-based sedentary behaviours, exceeding media recommendations. In addition gender, mother’s age and mother’s education were predictors of the total screen time.
Delay in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a survey in the Lazio region, Italy
Authors: Pezzotti Patrizio , Pozzato Silvia , Ferroni Eliana , Mazzocato Valentina , Altieri Alfonso M. , Gualano Gina , Loffredo Mariarosaria , Napoli Pier Angela , Perrelli Fabrizio , Girardi Enrico
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE: To estimate patient and health care delays in the diagnosis of PTB and to evaluate associated factors.

METHODS: PTB incident cases ≥18 years diagnosed between September 2010 and September 2011 in the Lazio region; information on symptoms and date of onset, health professionals contacts, diagnostic exams performed, and drugs prescribed before diagnosis were collected through a standardized questionnaire. The total delay (TD) was divided into patient delay (PD: from symptoms onset to first contact with healthcare services) and health system delay (HSD: from first contact to diagnosis).

RESULTS: 278 cases were evaluated. Median PD,HSD, and TD, were 31, 15, and 77.5 days, respectively. The median PD, HSD, and TD were significantly lower in foreign born patients (26, 10.5, 63.5, vs. 45, 36, 100 days, respectively). Other factors independently associated with longer delay were: absence of fever and presence of weight loss for PD; prior unspecific treatment, absence of cough, consult with a general practitioner, visit to an outpatient clinic, and a PD <30 days for HSD.

CONCLUSIONS: In Italy, the delay in TB diagnosis is similar to that estimated in other European countries. Results indicate that actions aimed to reduce diagnostic delay should be primarily addressed to Italian patients.
Clinical Practices and Experiences about Screen Time: From the Perspective of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists in Turkey - An Online Survey
Authors: Uzun Çakir Aylin Deniz , Çakir Burak , Bilaç Öznur , Yalin Sapmaz Şermin , Kandemir Hasan
Published: April 2023

Background

Both mental and physical preventable health problems related to screen time (ST) in children and adolescents are increasing. It is important that psychiatrists have awareness to prevent problems in this area.

Objective

The aim of our study was to evaluate the child psychiatrists’ awareness about ST, their interventions for ST, and to what extent the recommendations of the associations are implemented.

Method

All child and adolescent psychiatrists in the country who could be reached via smartphone were invited to participate in the study. Child and adolescent psychiatrists were included regardless of whether they had attended any ST courses/panels. Data were collected through an online questionnaire. A total of 302 physicians volunteered for the study.

Results

It was determined that very few child and adolescent psychiatrists had attended an ST course/training in the past or followed any guidelines. A statistically significant difference was found between physicians who received training/courses and those who did not in terms of informing patients and offering interventions (p<0.05). Similarly, a significant difference was found between those who followed the guidelines and those who did not.

Conclusion

Raising awareness, increasing psychiatrist participation in trainings, and following guidelines can increase the effectiveness of ST interventions, in order to achieve good results.
MENGEMBALIKAN MEMORI KAMPUNG TUGU MELALUI RUANG KEBUDAYAAN KAMPUNG TUGU, JAKARTA
Authors: Trifosa Feris Misael , Sutisna Sutarki
Published: April 2023

Kampung Tugu area is a cultural heritage area. The Tugu Church, the Portuguese Village, the Rabo-Rabo Tradition, Mande-Mande as well as the Keroncong and Tugu dances are regional characters that are reflected in the Tugu Village. The area has undergone environmental changes, where village land use is currently mostly used as container and industrial parking lots which has caused the character of the Kampung Tugu area to slowly disappear, Kampung Tugu has become an intangible memory. Urban acupuncture is a strategy in placing cultural activity points as an effort to cure diseases in the area. Using everyday methods and typologies in the design can connect the needs of the area to the project to become a continuation of existence and revive the character of the Kampung Tugu area. Rabonde Toegoe is a new face for Kampung Tugu, a living tourism of Portuguese and Betawi culture that Tugu has. The design is carried out with adaptive reuse for the Tugu community in maintaining culture and opening up space to become an attraction for outsiders.
Keywords:  acupuncture; architecture; character; city; degradation; region
Abstrak
Kawasan Kampung Tugu merupakan kawasan cagar budaya. Gereja Tugu, Kampung Portugis, Tradisi Rabo-Rabo, Mande-Mande serta Keroncong dan tarian Tugu, merupakan karakter kawasan yang tergambar dari Kampung Tugu. Kawasan mengalami perubahan secara lingkungan, dimana penggunaan lahan kampung, saat ini mayoritas digunakan sebagai lahan parkir kontainer dan industri yang menyebabkan karakter kawasan Kampung Tugu perlahan hilang, Kampung Tugu menjadi sebuah memori yang tidak berwujud. Akupunktur perkotaan menjadi sebuah strategi dalam menempatkan titik - titik aktivitas budaya sebagai upaya penyembuhan terhadap penyakit pada kawasan. Dengan menggunakan metode keseharian dan tipologi pada perancangan dapat mengkoneksikan kebutuhan kawasan terhadap proyek untuk menjadi sebuah kelanjutan dari eksistensi dan menghidupkan karakter kawasan Kampung Tugu. Rabonde Toegoe menjadi wajah baru bagi Kampung Tugu menjadi wisata hidup kebudayaan Portugis dan Betawi yang Tugu miliki. Perancangan dilakukan dengan penggunaan kembali secara adaptif bagi komunitas Tugu dalam mempertahankan kebudayaan serta membuka ruang untuk menjadi daya tarik bagi masyarakat luar.
SKENARIO REGENERASI SEBAGAI INTERVENSI AKUPUNKTUR PERKOTAAN DI KAWASAN JALAN JAKSA, JAKARTA
Authors: Adrian Kevin , Gandha Maria Veronica
Published: April 2023

The development of the city tends to have a  negative impact on Jaksa Street tourist area which results in its degradation. Degradation on the once famous street among backpackers is marked by the closures of cafes and restaurants, as well as the increased number of properties that are up for rent or sale. The degrading trend that the street faces leads to changes in the sense of place, which may lead to a change in the character of Jaksa Street, which in the long run could include the death of the once famous tourist corridor. In an effort to maintain the sustainability of the area and the area’s character which holds collective memories for both the local community and tourists, an intervention needs to be carried out to ensure Jaksa Street continuity and survival.   This study aims to develop a street development scenario and development plans for abandoned spaces along the street which are designed to partake in solving Jaksa Street problems. Analysis is carried out by using qualitative methods with primary data obtained by interviews and field visits as well as secondary data obtained from other sources. Urban acupuncture approach is used as a base for the development scenario of the area. The ultimate goal of this study is to develop a street development scenario and intervention plans that can answer existing problems and maintain the sustainability of Jaksa Street.
Keywords:  area character; attraction; degradation; tourist area
Abstrak
Perkembangan kota cenderung berdampak negatif terhadap kawasan wisata Jalan Jaksa yang mengakibatkan terjadinya degradasi. Degradasi pada kawasan yang terkenal di kalangan turis ransel ini ditandai dengan tutupnya kafe dan restoran serta jual beli bangunan. Tren degradasi Jalan Jaksa mendorong terjadinya perubahan pengalaman ruang, yang dapat menyebabkan perubahan karakter dan termasuk matinya kawasan wisata Jalan Jaksa di masa depan. Dalam upaya menjaga keberlangsungan kawasan dan karakter kawasan yang menyimpan kenangan kolektif baik bagi masyarakat lokal maupun turis mancanegara, sebuah intervensi perlu dilakukan untuk menjamin keberlangsungan kawasan wisata  Jalan Jaksa. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membentuk sebuah skenario pengembangan kawasan serta rencana pengembangan untuk ruang-ruang yang ditinggalkan sehingga dapat berperan dalam penyelesaian masalah koridor Jalan Jaksa. Analisis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan data primer yang diperoleh dengan wawancara dan kunjungan lapangan serta data sekunder yang diperoleh dari sumber lain. Dasar perancangan kawasan dilakukan dengan pendekatan akupunktur perkotaan. Tujuan akhir dari tulisan ini adalah untuk menunjukkan skenario pengembangan kawasan dan rencana pengembangan titik-titik intervensi yang dapat menjawab permasalahan yang ada dan menjaga keberlanjutan kawasan wisata Jalan Jaksa.
Extraction of Pectin and Cellulose from Grapefruit Peels and Production of Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Authors: An Ngo Van , Chi Nguyen Thi Khanh , Khanh Tran Quang , Quan Duong Xuan , Trung Pham Quang , Anh Thu Ngo Hong
Published: April 2023

The peels of grapefruit are a rich source of Pectin and Cellulose. This study focuses on the extraction of Pectin and Cellulose from grapefruit peels, and the production of carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) from extracted products. Firstly, the extraction conditions of Pectin from grapefruit peels were optimized to obtain a high yield of Pectins such as extraction time and citric acid concentration. The weight, purity, and esterification degree of Pectin were also determined. The highest yield of Pectin is 32.12% in the extraction conditions with pH 1.25 for 60 minutes at 80 oC. The Pectin product is of 84.02% purity at 29,427 g/mol of weight with 86.40% esterification degree. For extraction of Cellulose from grapefruit peels, the highest yield of Cellulose is 45.08% in the conditions with a pH of nitric acid 0.75 for 70 minutes at 90 oC. After that, the extracted Cellulose was converted to Carboxymethyl Cellulose by Monochloroacetic acid etherification. The characterization of Pectin, Cellulose, and CMC is determined through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Infrared spectrums. The experimental results also showed that Pectin and Cellulose were successfully extracted from grapefruit peels and Carboxymethyl Cellulose was successfully produced from the extracted Cellulose.
PELATIHAN DASAR PRODUKSI KONTEN HABIM TV PADA PLATFORM YOUTUBE
Authors: Adim Adrio Kusmareza , Wijaksono Dimas Satrio , Haqqu Rizca
Published: April 2023

Dengan perkembangan teknologi, berkembang juga manusia. Semula perangkat yang tidak dapat diakses oleh tingkat konsumen, sekarang dapat dirasakan dengan ukuran yang relatif kompak dan harga yang relatif murah. Manusia harus bisa beradaptasi dengan segala konsekuensi yang dihadirkan oleh teknologi. Media konvensional seperti radio dan televisi sudah bukan lagi media utama dalam mencari berita dan hiburan. YouTube yang merupakan sebuah media untuk berbagi menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam mencari berita dan hiburan. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada mitra sasar Yayasan Habim dengan kanal HabimTV untuk mengembangkan produksi konten berbasis audio visual di YouTube. Kegiatan ini memberikan dua pemahaman dasar tentang (1) video dan (2) audio. Pemberian materi tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan, pengetahuan, dan kompetensi dalam memproduksi konten berbasis audio visual pada YouTube dan dengan disampaikan dasar-dasar tersebut mitra sasar dapat mengembangkan diri mereka dengan mencari materi tingkat lanjut karena sudah memahami dasar yang diperlukan.Kata Kunci: Produksi, Konten Audio Visual, Youtube, Yayasan, short paper
PENINGKATAN CARA BERKOMUNIKASI DENGAN PELANGGAN BAGI TENAGA PENUNJANG AKADEMIK (TPA) TELKOM SCHOOL
Authors: Ariyanti Maya , Ramantoko Gadang , Nurhazizah Eva
Published: April 2023

Kondisi culnya pandemi covid satu tahun kebelakang yang secara tidak langsung memaksa seluruh sistem pembelajaran termasuk didalamnya adalah layanan pendukung pembelajaran dilakukan secara daring. Tidak hanya pengajaran tapi fungsi-fungsi layanan pendukung juga perlu menyesuaikan sehingga tetap dapat memberikan pelayanan yang optimal dalam rangka mencapai kepuasan pelanggan yang optimal pula. Tenaga Penunjang Akademik (TPA) Telkom School perlu menyesuaikan untuk dapat berkomunikasi dengan pelanggan sebaik mungkin meskipun dalam kondisi pandemic. Pengabdian Masyarakat ini dilakukan dalam bentuk pelatihan cara berkomunikasi dengan pelanggan bagi TPA Telkom School Secara Online. Luaran dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pemahaman Tenaga Penunjang Akademik (TPA) Telkom School tentang bagaimana dan pentingnya menyampaikan informasi dengan baik kepada konsumen utamanya ketika dilakukan secara daring.  Kata Kunci: Komunikasi, Digital, Pancemic Covid 19, Telkom School
REVISI KOMUNIKASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI POSITIF SEBAGAI UPAYA MENGATASI TOXIC RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Yenny Yenny , Astuti Sri Wahyuning , Irmawan Dhani
Published: April 2023

Menjalin hubungan romantis sebagai salah satu tugas perkembangan remaja jika tidak dilakukan dengan sehat akan melahirkan hubungan yang toxic. Remaja yang terjebak dalam hubungan toxic umumnya karena mereka tidak bisa berpikir logis terhadap perilaku buruk yang dilakukan pasangan. Hasil penelitian menemukan lebih dari 50 persen pasangan yang menjalin hubungan romantis terjebak dalam hubungan Toxic. Pengabdian Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan literasi terkait revisi atau perbaikan komunikasi dengan pendekatan psikologi positif. Psikologi positif menempatkan individu sebagai pribadi yang mampu mengoptimalkan kekuatan dari dalam diri untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Karena itulah pendekatan pengabdian ini dengan menggunakan kemampuan dari dalam diri individu dengan melakukan revisi dalam komunikasi. Pihak yang telibat dalam hubungan toxic diminta untuk melakukan analisa sumber terjadinya masalah dengan pendekatan kognitif. Peserta yang telah berhasil menemukan sumber permasalahn diberikan afirmasi untuk melakukan revisi komunikasi secara interpersonal dengan menggunakan “bahasa cinta”. Selanjutnya peserta yang mengalami hubungan toxic diberikan therapy mandiri SEFT untuk mengatasi trauma dan kecemasan. Kegiatan ini berhasil memberikan pemahaman terhadap pentingnya menciptakan hubungan yang sehat dengan pasangan serta kesadaran untuk melakukan perilaku asertif jika ditemukan hubungan yang tidak sehat. Therapy mandiri juga bisa dilakukan untuk mengatasi luka batin individu yang pernah mendapatkan hubungan toxic. Kata Kunci: Pacaran; toxic; relationship; remaja
Spectrophotometric Techniques for the Determination of Sitagliptin Phosphate Drugs in Bulk and few Pharmaceutical Products by using MBTH and Ferric Chloride
Authors: Alher Dalil M H , Al-Abadi Saad I , Al-Da’amy Muneer A
Published: April 2023

The current study aimed to evolve a method for the detection of sitagliptin (STG) concentration. The method was built on the estimation of absorbance STG wave 612 nm concentration range was (1–18 ppm) and was reacted for oxidative coupling of pregabalin with 3-methyl-2-benzthiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH) to form green in color. The captured product was analyzed statistically by using (f and t-test). The current manners were profi tably applied to the investigation of the pharmaceutical establishment. It is evicting that the modern manner is responsive and meticulous for terming of STG a diff erent pharmaceutical formation.
The Effect of NSAIDS and Oral Hypoglycemic Agent on Leukemia and Lymphoma Cell Lines
Authors: Khaleel Khaleed J , Ahmed Abeer  A. , Mohammad Maeda H , Fadhe Alaa A
Published: April 2023

Cancer is regarded as global burden and a serious health challenge. Its occurrences increased due to population aging and the prevalence of risk factors. This study investigated the eff ect of metformin and aspirin on two cell lines SR (diff use large B cell lymphoma) and NB4 (promyelocytic leukemia). The eff ect of metformin as monotherapy on SR was 28.43% viable, while on NB4, only 44.4% were viable. However, the eff ect of aspirin on SR and NB4 cell lines were decreased; the percentage of cell viability were 27.2 and 41.2%, respectively. In conclusion, there is signifi cant eff ect of metformin and aspirin on SR cell line and only mild eff ect on NB4. These may be useful drugs in old diabetic patients with diff use large B cell lymphoma that may reduce the chemotherapy dose
Preparation and Evaluation of Ophthalmic Ketorolac Tromethamine Minitablet
Authors: Maraie Nidhal K , Neamah Wid F
Published: April 2023

Objective: The current research is for improving patient compliance by reducing dosing frequency of ocular ketorolac tromethamine used for allergic conjunctivitis through preparation of minitablet for ocular insertion. Method: Ocular mini tablet was prepared by direct compression method using xanthan gum, chitosan and carbopol 943P as polymers to prepare the mini tablet for ocular insertion. The mini tablets were evaluated for drug content, weight variation, bioadhesion, water uptake and swelling behavior, in vitro drug release and ocular irritation. Results: The best formula (F1) containing 1% chitosan gave mini tablets with dimension (3 × 0.7 mm) with satisfactory physical properties and 100% release after 12 hours to be inserted anteriorly. Conclusion: This work succeeded in preparing ocular mini tablet of ketorolac tromethamine to be inserted anteriorly for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. As promising sustained release drug delivery system to be a good alternative for the conventional treatment regimen to improve patient compliance by reducing frequent doses with no irritation.
Spectrophotometric Method and Its Validation for Tolvaptan in Its Bulk and Marketed Formulation Including Stress Studies
Authors: Sri K Bhavya , Aishwarya B , . Sowwjanya , Hari Anushree , Vallakeerthi Narmada , Sumakanth M
Published: April 2023

Tolvaptan in API and formulation may now be quantifi ed using a technique. The solution was diluted with acetonitrile and scanned in the UV area between 200 and 400 nm. At 267 nm, tolvaptan exhibits maximum absorption. The accuracy investigations had been executed at3 levels, i.e., 80, 100, and 120%, and recuperation turned into discovered to bewith inside the variety of 99.4% for the tolvaptan, which showed linearity over the range of 5 to 160 g/mL with correlation co-effi cient (r2) of 0.9995. The quantifi cation (LoQ) and detection (LoD) threshold were 0.471 and 1.435 g/mL, respectively. The suggested approach underwent forced deterioration, and each parameter’s degradation was discovered. The ICH rules were followed in the validation of each parameter.
Preparation and Characterization of Instantly-soluble Solid Eye Drop for Glaucomatous Patients
Authors: Hameed Ahed R , Al-Shohani Athmar Dh H
Published: April 2023

For the treatment of glaucoma eye drops are chronically used. However, chronic use of preservatives in eye drops cause irritation problem and aff ects ocular tissues. The aim is to formulate an instant soluble solid eye drop to avoid using preservatives since solid dosage forms do not require preservation. Ocular mini-tablets of dorzolamide hydrochloride (DZ) and timolol maleate (TM) were prepared by direct compression using diff erent polymers and were evaluated for their physical properties. The release DZ and TM was compared to COSOPT eye drops. Formulation F2 mini-tablets (which contain DZ, TM, mannitol and microcrystalline cellulose MCC) were chosen as the optimum formula because they had uniform shape and minimum variation in weight 9.69 ± 0.55 mg. Thickness and diameter were 1.38 ± 1.28 and 3.01 ± 0.03 mm, respectively, within the acceptable limits. Hardness and friability were also within the permissable range which were 4.14 ± 0.22 kg/cm2 for hardness and 0.73% ± 0.05 for friability. The drug content for both DZ and TM were within the acceptable limits and the release had no signifi cant diff erence (p > 0.05) compared to commercial eye drop and the mini-tablets dissolved completely with less than one minute. The FTIR and DSC revealed no interaction between the drugs and excipients used. Sterilization using gamma radiation was performed to test the animal’s mini-tablets. The radiation did not signifi cantly (p > 0.05) alter any properties of F2 and no signs of irritation on the animal eye appeared. In conclusion, instant soluble solid eye drop in the form of mini-tablet was successfully prepared by direct compression method and caused no irritation when tested on animals
The Eff ects of Nutritional Defi ciency During Adolescence and the Need for Supplementation: A Review
Authors: Thokchom Preety , Sharma Luxita , Sharma Dhananjay , Ghangale Gauri , Bidkar Jayant , Tare Harshal
Published: April 2023

Adolescents are the greatest group of a young star in history, ranging in age from 10 to 19. Around 1.8 billion young people live on the earth, with 90% of them in low- and middle-income countries. Even as obesity is on the rise in many contexts, infectious and injury-related disorders are the leading causes of disease in children. However, dietary defi ciencies, poor linear development, and under nutrition are serious public health challenges. Girls are particularly in danger due to developmental and gender roles that diff erentiate them adversely. Adolescent fi tness and nutritional well-being are infl uenced by dietary and physical activity choices, education, and competing for social demands for early marriage. It is necessary to meet all nutrient requirements. Expand for energy, protein, iron, calcium, and other nutrients early in life to aid proper growth and development. Anemia and vitamin shortages are common in areas where food consumption is insuffi cient. Endocrine factors are aff ected by poor diet and play a role in adolescent growth. Once top peak velocity is reached and catch-up is possible, growth speed accelerates throughout adolescence; in girls, roughly 15–25% of the adult peak is achieved. Premature birth can lay off linear to direct growth and add the chance of a poor birth result. Massive data gaps in nutrition and growth during adolescence must be fi lled, as well as interventions tested during the second window of a good time to perfect the growth and development in children
EFFORTS OF THE COMMUNITY IN INCREASING TOURIST VISITS TO THE PADANG ROCO TEMPLE TOURISM OBJECT IN DHARMASRAYA REGENCY
Authors: Melinia Indah , Sarbaitinil Sarbaitinil , Rahmadani Sri
Published: April 2023

The tourism sector will become a national asset if it can be well-developed. One of the ways is by promoting tourist attractions, which is not only the responsibility of the government but also the community. The community plays a vital role in developing and maintaining the values of a tourist object. Hence, this research aims to examine the community's efforts in increasing tourist visits to the Padang Roco Temple Tourism Object in Dharmasraya Regency. The research approach used in this study was qualitative with a descriptive research type, and 12 informants were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and document studies. The analysis technique used was the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion. Based on the research results, the government and the community have tried to develop the Padang Roco Temple Tourism Object. Some of the efforts include 1) efforts by the caretakers of the temple to develop the facilities and infrastructure, 2) efforts by the local community groups to promote the Padang Roco Temple Tourism Object, and 3) efforts by the community to help in the development of the temple by donating land to the government.
DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER-BASED TESTS USING MOODLE LMS ON THE MATERIAL OF SOCIAL CONFLICT AND INTEGRATION
Authors: Omika Hefri Asra , Marzal Jefri , Idrus Ali
Published: April 2023

Along with the development of information and communication technology, the implementation of computer-based tests has become an important requirement in the learning process. Moodle LMS is a platform that provides a quiz feature that can be used as a computer-based test medium. This study aims to analyze the quality and feasibility of computer-based questions on conflict and social integration using the Moodle LMS. This research is adevelopment research with a 4-D model. The research subjects were 64 students of class XI IPS at SMAN Titian Teras H. Abdurrahman Sayeoti. The instruments used were validation sheets for assessing the quality of the questions, the appropriateness of the media, student response questionnaires, and the quality of the items. Based on the results of the question feasibility test by material experts and media experts with an average score of 83% (Very Good). The results of the item analysis obtained valid questions of 80% with a reliability of 0.890. The difficulty level of the questions in the easy, medium, and difficult categories were 48%, 46%, and 6%, respectively. Different power of questions with a good category of 40%, sufficient category of 50% and 10% bad. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that computer-based questions on conflict and social integration have good quality questions and are very appropriate to be used as sociology learning outcomes tests.
Nanoscale porosity in microellipsoids cloaks interparticle capillary attraction at fluid interfaces
Authors: Trevenen Samuel , Rahman Md Anisur , Hamilton Heather S.C. , Ribbe Alexander E. , Bradley Laura C. , Beltramo Peter J.
Published: April 2023

Anisotropic particles pinned at fluid interfaces tend towards disordered multi-particle configurations due to large, orientationally-dependent, capillary forces, which is a significant barrier to exploiting these particles to create novel functional self-assembled materials. Therefore, current interfacial assembly methods typically focus on isotropic spheres, which have minimal capillary attraction and no dependence on orientation in the plane of the interface. In order to create long-range ordered structures with complex configurations via interfacially trapped anisotropic particles, control over the interparticle interaction energy via external fields and/or particle engineering is necessary. Here, we synthesize colloidal ellipsoids with nanoscale porosity and show that their interparticle capillary attraction at a water-air interface is reduced by an order of magnitude compared to their smooth counterparts. This is accomplished by comparing the behavior of smooth, rough, and porous ellipsoids at a water-air interface. By monitoring the dynamics of two particles approaching one another, we show that the porous particles exhibit a much shorter-range capillary interaction potential, with scaling intriguingly different than theory describing the behavior of smooth ellipsoids. Further, interferometry measurements of the fluid deformation surrounding a single particle shows that the interface around porous ellipsoids does not possess the characteristic quadrupolar symmetry of smooth ellipsoids, and quantitatively confirms the decrease in capillary interaction energy. By engineering nanostructured surface features in this fashion, the interfacial capillary interactions between particles may be controlled, informing a new approach for the self-assembly of complex two-dimensional microstructures composed of anisotropic particles.
Thermally Ultra-Robust S = ½ Tetrazolinyl Radicals: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, Magnetism, and Nanoneedle Assemblies on Silicon Surface.
Authors: Yang Zhimin , Pink Maren , Nowik-Boltyk Ewa Malgorzata , Lu Shutian , Junghoefer Tobias , Rajca Suchada , Stoll Stefan , Casu Maria Benedetta , Rajca Andrzej
Published: April 2023

Open-shell organic molecules, including S = ½ radicals, may provide enhanced properties for several emerging technologies, however, relatively few synthesized to date possess robust thermal stability and processability. We report synthesis of S = ½ biphenylene-fused tetrazolinyl radicals 1 and 2. Both radicals possess near-perfect planar structures based on their X-ray structures and DFT computations. Radical 1 possesses an outstanding thermal stability as indicated by the onset of decomposition at 269 °C, based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data. Both radicals possess very low oxidation potentials < 0 V (vs. SCE) and their electrochemical energy gaps, Ecell 0.9 eV, are rather low. Magnetic properties of polycrystalline 1 are characterized by SQUID magnetometry revealing a one-dimensional S = ½ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with exchange coupling constant J’/k –22.0 K. Radical 1 in toluene glass possesses a long electron spin coherence time, Tm ≈ 7 μs in the 40 – 80 K temperature range, a property advantageous for potential applications as a molecular spin qubit. Radical 1 is evaporated under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) forming assemblies of intact radicals on a silicon substrate, as confirmed by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images indicate that the radical molecules form nanoneedles on the substrate. The nanoneedles are stable for at least 64 hours under air as monitored by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. EPR studies of the thicker assemblies, prepared by UHV evaporation, indicate radical decay according to first-order kinetics with a long half-life of 50 +/-4 days at ambient conditions.
Quantifying interfacial energetics of 2D semiconductor electrodes using in situ spectroelectrochemistry and many-body theory
Authors: Almaraz Rafael , Sayer Thomas , Toole Justin , Austin Rachelle , Farah Yusef , Trainor Nicholas , Redwing Joan M. , Krummel Amber , Montoya-Castillo Andrés , Sambur Justin
Published: April 2023

Hot carrier extraction occurs in 2D semiconductor photoelectrochemical cells [Austin et. al., PNAS, 2023, 120, e2220333120]. Boosting the energy efficiency of hot carrier-based photoelectrochemical cells requires maximizing the hot carrier extraction rate relative to the cooling rate. One could expect to tune the hot carrier extraction rate constant (k_ET) via a Marcus-Gerischer relationship, where k_ET depends exponentially on ΔG0´ (the standard driving force for interfacial electron transfer). ΔG0´ is defined as the energy level difference between a semiconductor’s conduction/valence band (CB/VB) minima/maxima and the redox potential of reactant molecules in solution. A major challenge in the electrochemistry community is that conventional approaches to quantify ΔG0´ for bulk semiconductors (e.g., Mott-Schottky measurements) cannot be directly applied to ultrathin 2D electrodes. The specific problem is that enormous electronic bandgap changes (>0.5 eV) and CB/VB edge movement take place upon illuminating or applying a potential to a 2D semiconductor electrode. Here, we develop an in situ absorbance spectroscopy approach to quantify interfacial energetics of 2D semiconductor/electrolyte interfaces using a minimal many-body model. Our results show that band edge movement in monolayer MoS2 is significant (0.2-0.5 eV) over a narrow range of applied potentials (0.2-0.3 V). Such large band edge shifts could change k_ET by a factor of 10-100, which has important consequences for practical solar energy conversion applications. We discuss the current experimental and theoretical knowledge gaps that must be addressed to minimize the error in the proposed optical approach.
Rational design and development of selective BRD7 bromodomain inhibitors and their activity in prostate cancer
Authors: Ordonez Sandra , Maschinot Chad , Wang Sijie , Sood Surbhi , Strohmier Brayden , McQuade Alexander , Smith Brian , Dykhuizen Emily
Published: April 2023

Bromodomain-containing proteins are readers of acetylated lysine and play important roles in cancer. Bromo-domain-containing protein 7 (BRD7) has been implicated in multiple malignancies; however, there are no selective chemical probes to study its function in disease. Using crystal structures of BRD7 and BRD9 bromodomains (BDs) bound to BRD9-selective ligands, we identified a binding pocket exclusive to BRD7. We synthesized a se-ries of ligands designed to occupy this binding region and identified two BRD7-selective inhibitors, 1-78 and 2-77, that bind with nanomolar affinity to the BRD7 BD. Our binding mode analyses indicate that these ligands oc-cupy a uniquely accessible binding cleft in BRD7 and maintain key interactions with the asparagine and tyrosine residues critical for acetylated lysine binding. Finally, we validated the utility and selectivity of the compounds in cell-based models of prostate cancer.
Discriminative Disintegration Techniques For Various Brands of NimesulideTablets Available in the Market
Authors: PM Vasanth , Goli Venkatesh , Richard Paul , Sarath V , Charan DS , K Deepak
Published: April 2023

Background Nimesulide is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory selective inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase with analgesic and antipyretic properties. It is approved to treat acute pain symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis and primary dysmenorrhoea in adolescents and adults above 12 years age.Objective This article describes the recent research on the bioequivalence of six brands of Nimesulide tablets. Due to the large variety of Nimesulide tablet brands accessible in the Indian market medical practitioners face a tough challenge of selecting the best brand or using alternative treatments. The study presented assessed all six tablet brands in accordance with Indian Pharmacopoeia IP guidelines and the appropriate methods were provided for choosing the best options.Methodology All six tablet brands were evaluated utilizing in vitro tests using various evaluation techniques. Six different brands of tablets were used in the in vitro dissolving experiment and all of the tablets cleared the standards for general quality evaluation tests such as hardness friability disintegration time and dissolve time. All of the tested brands met the requirements for the disintegration time. With the exception of brand names Nimek and Bigesic every brand released more than 45 of the Nimesulide after 30 min. Auronim Novogesic Zega and Nise have a very sluggish rate of dissolution which indicates that their bioavailability is most likely to be low. The variations in the reported dissolving profiles could be due to differences between the manufacturers in terms of formulation ingredients the physical form of medicine used in the tablet and the manufacturing method.Results The result emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring of new Nimesulide brands introduced to the drug market to ensure bioequivalence and compliance with pharmacopoeia standards.Conclusion The results conclude that with the exception of Nimek and Biogesic all of the Nimesulide tablet brands investigated appear to have a high dissolution rate with extremely good bioavailability releasing gt45 percent Nimesulide within 30 minutes and thus satisfied the Indian Pharmacopoeia criterion for uncoated tablet dissolution. Auronim Zega Nise and Novogesic are interchangeable and bioequivalent.