bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REAÇÕES QUÍMICAS PARA ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL A PARTIR DA ANÁLISE DE LIVROS DIDÁTICOS
Authors: Molena Juliane Cristina , Veraszto Estéfano Vizconde , Marques Luciana Maria Estevam , Nahum Brena Santana Zanzarini
Published: May 2022

Inicialmente foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa documental, em que os dados foram os dois livros didáticos de química, da 1ª série do ensino médio, aprovados no Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático de 2018 e com maior adesão pelos professores da rede pública da Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo. Em ambos os livros é evidente a priorização do sentido visual para verificar a ocorrência de reações químicas. Para preencher a lacuna sobre a necessidade de recursos de apoio para o ensino de reações químicas a alunos com deficiência visual, o principal objetivo foi a elaboração de propostas de atividades experimentais tanto para esses alunos, como para videntes, possibilitando o uso dos sentidos perceptivos, além da visão. As propostas de experimentos abordam a especificidade do ensino de química, tratando do conceito de reações químicas, do fenômeno que caracteriza a ocorrência das transformações, e a sua representação.
APRENDIZAGEM COLABORATIVA NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA: O SMARTPHONE COMO FERRAMENTA POTENCIALIZADORA DESSA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: FERREIRA INÁCIO GEORGELIANO , Santos de Sousa Francisco Jarbas , Pereira Silveira Andréa , Higino Santana Isabel Cristina
Published: May 2022

O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar se atividades voltadas ao ensino de biologia quando articuladas entre grupos colaborativos e ao uso de aparelhos celulares, podem apresentar um potencial didático. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa através do estudo de caso contemplou um grupo de alunos de ensino médio utilizando uma sequência didática como instrumento metodológico abordando o tema reprodução humana. As etapas foram, introdução ao tema, objetivos dos estudos, exercícios e debates e por fim, a produção final do podcast, usando como recurso, o smartphone. A análise dos dados, realizada de forma subjetiva a partir dos registros do pesquisador de cada etapa, das produções escritas dos alunos e por meio do software Iramuteq mostrou que as atividades quando ocorrem de forma colaborativas entre os alunos e coadunadas com o celular, permitem maior interação e diálogo entre os pares, pois exercitaram domínio, criatividade, poder de síntese e desenvolvimento de habilidades técnicas.
O BLOG COMO PRODUTO TÉCNICO TECNOLÓGICO QUE AUXILIA NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA BNCC
Authors: Mendes Silva Borges Wendla , Vieira do Nascimento Ilma
Published: May 2022

Este artigo aborda as contribuições do Blog Diálogos de Professores, produto desenvolvido em uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo analisar as orientações prescritas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e seus efeitos no trabalho pedagógico de professores que atuam em uma escola municipal da zona rural de São Luís-MA. Trata-se de um trabalho de cunho qualitativo, na perspectiva de estudos pós-críticos, desenvolvido no mestrado profissional em Educação, que buscou compreender como os professores da zona rural conceituam, tratam, resistem e aprimoram as orientações da BNCC. Sob tal perspectiva, foi construído um blog educacional de escrita colaborativa com os professores, entendido como meio de comunicação e compartilhamento de materiais e ferramentas que possibilitam a incursão sobre a BNCC. O objetivo deste artigo é evidenciar o blog como um Produto Técnico e Tecnológico que contribui com o conhecimento e repertórios de implementação escolar da BNCC.
PESQUISA COLABORATIVA: CONTEXTUALIZAÇÕES, CONCEPTUALIZAÇÕES, REFLEXÕES E DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DA DOCÊNCIA
Authors: Mizukami Maria da Graça Nicoletti , Andrade Maria de Fátima Ramos de , Lima Francine de Paulo Martins
Published: May 2022

Apresentam-se, neste artigo, reflexões sobre a importância do que se denomina de pesquisa colaborativa para a investigação de processos de aprendizagem e de desenvolvimento profissional da docência. São frutos de leituras, debates, projetos de pesquisas das autoras, e experiências diversas de ensino em licenciaturas e orientação de pesquisas de mestrado e de doutorado envolvendo o tema central de formação de professores. Pesquisa colaborativa implica a realização de processos de investigação desenvolvidos por grupos compostos de participantes de diferentes repertórios e com objetivos partilhados. Pesquisa colaborativa se refere à processos de desenvolvimento profissional de professores e à investigação sobre tais processos. Para tanto, contextualizações, conceptualizações e problematizações. A estrutura do artigo envolve seis eixos teórico-metodológicos: contextualizando pesquisa colaborativa; considerações sobre acadêmico e conhecimento prático; considerações sobre pesquisa colaborativa e desenvolvimento profissional de professores; colaboração e pesquisa-ação; os participantes da pesquisa construindo um grupo que passa a ser considerado como ferramenta interpretativa; as especificidades, tendências, possibilidades e dificuldades apresentadas pela literatura/pesquisas no que se refere à construção de conhecimento profissional da docência e é finalizado com alguns desafios postos à prática educacional, presentes no item a título de considerações finais provisórias.
Abelhas e plantas visitadas em áreas restritas de campo rupestre na Chapada Diamantina, Bahia
Authors: Almeida Gesline Fernandes , Gimenes Miriam
Published: May 2022

As abelhas são consideradas os principais polinizadores de flores de angiospermas em diferentes ecossistemas, inclusive em áreas de elevada altitude, tais como os campos rupestres. Neste estudo foram consideradas as espécies de angiospermas e as abelhas visitantes em três áreas de campo rupestre na Chapada Diamantina, estado da Bahia, onde foram registrados 110 indivíduos pertencentes a 26 espécies de abelhas, que visitaram 18 espécies de plantas. Bombus brevivillus, Trigona spinipes e Euglossa sp. ocorreram nas três áreas durante todos os meses de observação, sendo as espécies das famílias Anthophoridae e Apidae as mais freqüentes nas três áreas.
Variabilidade genética em amostras de melancia, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai, coletadas em seis municípios do semi-árido do nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Queiroz Manoel Abílio , Araújo José Pires , Dias Rita Cássia S.
Published: May 2022

Foram coletadas 42 amostras de acessos de melancia provenientes de algumas comunidades de seis municípios do semi-árido nordestino, envolvendo os estados de Pernambuco, Bahia e Piauí, entre os anos de 1985 e 1987. Foram coletadas sementes do estoque de plantio de pequenos produtores e dos frutos de plantas voluntárias encontradas nas Estações Experimentais da EMBRAPA, em Petrolina, Pernambuco. Amostras de sementes de alguns acessos foram avaliadas nos anos de 1987, 1988 e1989 quanto à resistência ao oídio e ao vírus WMV-1, hoje PRSV-w. Em 1987, em parcelas únicas, avaliaram-se alguns acessos quanto à prolificidade, tamanho e formato do fruto, produtividade por planta, cor da polpa e da semente. Apesar da abrangência limitada da área de coleta e da análise de poucos caracteres, foi detectada variabilidade genética para prolificidade, produção por planta, peso e formato do fruto, cor da polpa e da semente. Os acessos promissores poderão ser utilizados em programas de cruzamento e seleção, com vistas à obtenção de cultivares de melancia adaptadas às condições irrigadas do nordeste brasileiro.
Aspectos epidemiológicos da esquistossomose mansônica nos bairros Novo Horizonte e Campo Limpo, Feira de Santana, estado da Bahia
Authors: Oliveira Alany Santos , Santos João Francisco
Published: May 2022

As parasitoses intestinais acometem a maioria da população de Feira de Santana – BA, em escala crescente, pela falta de infra-estrutura sanitária, educação e higiene, constituindo um sério problema de Saúde Pública para o município. Foi desenvolvido nos bairros Novo Horizonte e Campo Limpo um estudo epidemiológico sobre a esquistossomose. Foram conduzidos exames coproscópicos realizados no Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana da UEFS nos anos de 1998, 1999,2000 e 2001. Pelo método de Sedimentação Espontânea examinaram-se 3.514 amostras fecais no Novo Horizonte e 4.652 no Campo Limpo, obtendo-se um índice de positividade para esquistossomose de 4,61% e 2,06%, respectivamente. Proporcionalmente, ambos os sexos apresentaram percentuais de positividade semelhantes. Os resultados obtidos demostram a necessidade de uma ação conjunta de cooperação entre os órgãos de saúde para a solução do problema.
Compatibility of Al-doped ZnO electron transport layer with various HTLs and absorbers in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Alias N. S. N. M. , Arith F. , Mustafa A. N. M. , Ismail M. M. , Chachuli S. A. M. , Shah A. S. M.
Published: May 2022

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown a significant improvement in cell performance in photovoltaics technology. The commonly used light absorbing material of halide-based perovskite in PSCs has produced high efficiency cells with low cost and a simple fabrication process. However, it contains the harmful substance of Pb, which affects the environment, and the cell still suffers from instability in the long run. Therefore, this work presents a theoretical study of the Pb-free absorber layer of

C
H

3

N
H

3

S
n
I

3

that is paired for compatibility with various types of hole transport layers (HTLs). Several key parameters of the absorbent layer and HTL have been optimized to produce the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) using 1D-SCAPS software under AM 1.5 illumination. It was found that the combination of

C
u

2

O

and

C
H

3

N
H

3

S
n
I

3

used as the HTL and absorbent layer, respectively, has resulted in great PCE as high as 27.72%. These findings prove that the use of inorganic HTLs and Pb-free perovskite layers is promising for use in PSCs.
Single-mode fiber curvature sensor based on SPR
Authors: Wei Yong , Liu Chunbiao , Liu Chunlan , Li Lingling , Hu Lei , Zhang Yonghui , Zhao Xiaoling , Jiang Tianci , Wang Rui , Shi Chen
Published: May 2022

A fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is widely used in high-sensitivity
refractive index measurement, but there is less research on curvature
measurement. In this paper, a single-mode fiber curvature sensor based
on SPR is designed and fabricated. By employing bending, the
transmitted light in the fiber core leaks into the cladding. A 50 nm
gold film is coated outside the cladding, and the evanescent field of
the cladding after bending contacts the gold film to cause SPR. When
the curvature changes, the coupled cladding mode and intensity are
different; that is, the SPR incident angle and evanescent field
intensity are different, so as to realize the dual parameters of SPR
resonance wavelength and depth of the resonance valley changing with
curvature. By experiments, the influence of different cutoff
wavelengths of single-mode fiber on the performance of the sensor is
studied. The testing results indicate that with the decrease in cutoff
wavelength of the single-mode fiber, the valley depth sensitivity of
the sensor increases, and the half height width (FWHM) decreases. When
the cutoff wavelength of the single-mode fiber is 630 nm, the valley
depth sensitivity of the sensor is

0.0088

a
.

u

/

m

−
1

, the wavelength sensitivity is

0.26

n
m

/

m

−
1

, and the average FWHM is only 21 nm.
The proposed single-mode fiber curvature sensor based on SPR has a
narrow FWHM and an opening threshold. It can also realize no opening
threshold by introducing a coreless fiber, which provides a new
solution, to the best of our knowledge, for the diversified detection
of fiber SPR sensors.
Concise fractional Fourier transform based on a non-uniform order searching method for estimating physical parameters from Newton’s rings
Authors: Liang Xin , Xing Ruo-Qi , Shen De-Ming , Wei Hong-Tao , Liu Er-Zhuo , Ye Fangquan , Lu Ming-Feng , Wu Jin-Min , Zhang Feng , Tao Ran
Published: May 2022

Newton’s ring pattern is very common in interferometry. By analyzing it, the physical parameters can be estimated, such as the curvature radius and the rings’ center. However, parameter estimation from large images using fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) consumes considerable time. A concise FRFT based on a non-uniform order searching method is proposed to reduce the computational time without decreasing the accuracy. Experimental results show that the time of the proposed method is about 2.7 s, which is about 1/600 of that of the traditional FRFT-based method and 1/5 of that of the Fast FRFT-based method when processing

960

×

960

pixel images.
Varifocal liquid lens driven by a conical dielectric elastomer actuator
Authors: Cheng Yang , Li Zhikuo , Chen Chuanxun , Cao Jie , Bao Chun , Ning Yan , Hao Qun
Published: May 2022

A varifocal lens is an important part of optical systems with applications in biomedicine, photography, smartphones, and virtual reality. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a varifocal liquid lens driven by a conical dielectric elastomer actuator. When the conical dielectric elastomer is subjected to an actuation voltage, the conical dielectric elastomer works as an out-plane actuator and makes the surface curvature of the liquid droplet increase; then the focal length of the proposed varifocal liquid lens changes. The overall dimensions of the proposed varifocal liquid lens are 9.4 mm in diameter and 12.5 mm in height. The focal length tuning range is

15.07

m
m
∼
9.50

m
m

when the actuation voltage increases from 0 kV to 5.0 kV. The focal power variation of the proposed varifocal liquid lens is 35.5 D. The rise and fall times of the proposed varifocal liquid lens are 215 ms and 293 ms, respectively. The ability of the proposed liquid lens to focus on objects at different distances without any moving parts is demonstrated. The compact varifocal liquid lens driven by the conical dielectric elastomer actuator in the current study has the potential to be used in various compact imaging systems in the future.
Optical properties of broadband reflection of cholesteric liquid crystal by thermal diffusion of benzotriazoles
Authors: Han Rui , Gan Ping , Zhang Xuetao , Shi Weiting , Li Hui , Cao Hui , Wang Huihui , Wang Dong , Yang Zhou , He Wanli
Published: May 2022

Polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal broadband reflective films are prepared by the thermal diffusion of a benzotriazoles organic ultraviolet (UV) absorber (UV-327) combined with photopolymerization. A gradient of UV intensity is established in the direction of film thickness, inducing the formation of a pitch gradient distribution, thus broadening the reflected bandwidth. The effects of UV-327 concentration, UV irradiation intensity, irradiation time, polymerization temperature, and C6M concentration on the reflected bandwidth of the sample are examined in detail. The results indicate that the diffusion method of the organic UV absorber enables the reflected bandwidth to be broadened under appropriate conditions.
Simulation, optimization, and characterization of AR surfaces for use with unique high-throughput fabrication techniques
Authors: Winters Alexander , Furst Stephen , Cates Nichole , Micklow Lauren , Mirotznik Mark
Published: May 2022

Optical anti-reflective (AR) surfaces are capable of improving
performance of solar cells, HUD displays, and other important optical
applications. However, fabricating these surfaces in a cost-effective
way for large-area product applications has continued to be a
challenge. In this paper we use rigorous coupled-wave (RCW) simulation
to determine the effects fabrication constraints have on the
performance of a sub-wavelength, anti-reflective pattern created with
a new, highly scalable process. The goal is to use simulation results
to drive meaningful improvements to the fabrication process, thereby
broadening the applicability of AR surfaces. A number of possible AR
surface geometries are simulated and analyzed, emphasizing the optimal
geometries for low aspect ratios. The main parameters that dictate the
efficiency and fabricability of AR surfaces are reviewed. Finally, we
experimentally characterize a sample AR surface to validate the model
and find the benefits and limitations of the new scalable fabrication
process. RCW simulation indicates that the parabolic AR surface model
is the best choice for our fabrication process, due to superior
wide-angle reflectance reduction and ease of fabrication. Further
analysis demonstrates that AR surfaces with higher fill factors and
higher aspect ratios show noticeably lower reflectance. Experimental
validation of a sample AR surface showed good conformity to simulation
results, opening the door for further development of novel fabrication
processes.
Ge20Sb15Se65 glass-based ultra-bandwidth X-shaped dual-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitter with an air hole filled gold rod
Authors: Qu Yuwei , Yuan Jinhui , Wang Ke , Qiu Shi , Zhou Xian , Yan Binbin , Wu Qiang , Liu Bin , Wang Kuiru , Sang Xinzhu , Long Keping , Yu Chongxiu
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a novel X-shaped dual-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitter (X-DC-PCF PBS) with an air hole filled gold rod based on

G
e

20

S
b

15

S
e

65

glass is proposed. According to the DC mode coupling theory and surface plasmon resonance effect, the mode coupling phenomena of the

x

polarization (X-pol) and

y

polarization (Y-pol) odd and even modes are analyzed, respectively. The variation laws of coupling lengths of the X-pol and Y-pol and the coupling length ratio with different structural parameters at wavelength 1.55 µm are investigated. When the shortest polarization splitting length (

L

P
S

) is 230 µm, there is only the X-pol and Y-pol light in the cores A and B, respectively. By considering the variation of the extinction ratio and insertion loss (IL) with wavelength, the final polarization splitting bandwidth (PSB) is 358 nm (1.367–1.725 µm), and the maximum ILs of the X-pol and Y-pol in the whole PSB are 0.04 and 0.8 dB, respectively. The proposed X-DC-PCF PBS has ultra-wide PSB, short

L

P
S

, and ultra-low IL, so it will play an important role in the development of optical integration technology and the construction of an all-fiber loop platform.
Underwater blue-green LED communication using a double-layered, curved compound-eye optical system
Authors: Ke Xizheng , Yang Shangjun , Sun Yu , Liang Jingyuan , Pan Xiya
Published: May 2022

Optical receiving systems with single-lens structures have problems such as low receiving efficiency and small field of view when applied to underwater optical wireless communication systems. In this study, a design scheme for a double-layered fly-eye-lens optical system with wide-angle focusing is proposed. Based on the analysis of the LED light source transmission model and seawater channel, the optical-power receiving equation of the fly-eye lens system is deduced. The fly-eye-lens receiving system was designed and simulated using Zemax according to the geometrical optics principle of the lens array. An experimental device for measuring the insertion loss and receiving efficiency of an underwater blue-green LED communication system was built, and the optical power of the receiving optical system was experimentally measured. For the link distances of 1, 3, and 5 m, the received optical power of the double-layered-compound eye system was higher than that of the single-layered system, with a power increase of 72%, 65%, and 60%, respectively. The results show that the double-layered fly-eye-lens receiving antenna can significantly improve the optical power received by the receiving end; therefore, this antenna structure has strong practicability and good development prospects in the field of underwater optical wireless communication.
Temperature-insensitive polarimetric vibration sensor
Authors: Han Chunyang , Zhao Chenyu , Ding Hui , Chen Chen
Published: May 2022

Vibration measurement is a frequent measurement requirement in a number of areas. Optical vibration sensors have many advantages over electrical counterparts. A common approach is to optically detect the vibration induced mechanical movement of a cantilever. Nevertheless, their practical applications are hindered by the cross-sensitivity of temperature and dynamic instability of the mechanical structure, which lead to unreliable vibration measurements. Here, we demonstrate a temperature insensitive vibration sensor that involves an enclosed suspended cantilever integrated with a readout fiber, providing in-line measurement of vibration. The cantilever is fabricated from a highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber by chemical etching and fused to a single-polarization fiber. Mechanical vibration induced periodic bending of the cantilever can significantly modify the state of polarization of the light that propagates along the photonic crystal fiber. The single-polarization fiber finally converts the state of polarization fluctuation into the change of output optical power. Therefore, the vibration could be demodulated by monitoring the output power of the proposed structure. Due to the special design of the structure, the polarization fluctuation induced by a variation of the ambient temperature can be significantly suppressed. The sensor has a linear response over the frequency range of 5 Hz to 5 kHz with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio of 60 dB and is nearly temperature independent.
Optical fiber intrusion signal unmixing by nonorthogonal principal skewness analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Jia Linjing , Bai Wenfei , Zhang Yuhao , Qu Hongquan
Published: May 2022

The optical fiber intrusion signal detection technology adopts the distributed optical fiber as sensor to monitor and identify perimeter intrusion signals. Due to the diversity of perimeter intrusion, the optical fiber intrusion signals are composed of various types of pure signals. Therefore, direct identification on mixed signals will cause the system performance degradation. A more effective method is to first unmix the mixed signal to obtain each pure signal component, and then perform signal identification. In this paper, nonorthogonal principal skewness analysis (NPSA) based unmixing algorithm is proposed. By introducing supersymmetric tensors, the mixed fiber signal unmixing problem is transformed into the skewness analysis problem, and then the non-orthogonal solution is further solved which significantly improves the accuracy of solving pure signal components. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by actual data experiments.
Investigating interaction pattern between urban-rural integration and transport network: A dynamic evolution model
Authors: Xiao Daiquan , Xu Xuecai
Published: May 2022

With the progress of urbanization and urban-rural integration (URI), the interaction between URI and urban-rural transport network is becoming stronger, thus it is necessary to investigate the interactive relationship between URI and transport network. By assuming certain functions and principles, evolution model was proposed to explain the relationship between URI space development scale and urban-rural transport network scale, and then by considering the interaction between URI and transport network, dynamic evolution model was presented. Stability analysis was performed to verify the interaction relations with three patterns and elasticity simulation provided the optimal value of urban-rural transport network scale configuration. The results may provide potential insights on URI development and transport network.
Evaluation of Pakistani wheat germplasm for leaf rust resistance at various locations
Authors: Asghar Sabina , Rehman Aziz Ur , Ahmad Nadeem , Ajmal Sadia , Ahsan Aneela , Gulnaz Saima , Javed Makky , Ahmad Javed , Iqbal Javed , Bibi Sumera , Fiaz Sajid , Elesawy Basem H. , Askary Ahmad El , Ismail Khadiga Ahmed , Gharib Amal F. , Mohyo-ud-Din Ahsan , Tabassum Muhammad Ijaz , Qayyum Abdul
Published: May 2022

341 entries comprising of 250 genotypes/lines and 91 gene differentials were tested for leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erik) in different ecological zones of Punjab during 2016–17 and 2017–18. Each entry was planted in a single 1 m long row and Morocco was used as a spreader. Data on leaf rust severity was recorded once in 3rd week of March during both study years at all locations by following Modified Cobb Scale while the data was recorded three times on 2nd, 22nd and 29th March during 2018 at Faisalabad location to study rust development pattern. The disease severity ranged from 0-100S during 2016–17 and from 0-80S during 2017–18. The genotype HYT 60–5 and the genes Lr-19, Lr-26 and Lr 27+31 showed no disease symptoms at any location during both the study years. These genes can be used for future breeding material development. Area under disease progressive curve (AUDPC), calculated on the basis of periodical readings from Faisalabad, ranged from 0–550 and the susceptible check Morocco has AUDPC value of 600. 120 entries including HYT 60–5 have disease progression 0, which showed that there may be a major gene based resistance in these entries. Area under disease progressive curve/Day (AUDPC/DAY) was calculated for the rest of 130 genotypes to have an understanding of the disease progression pattern and out of which 43 entries have AUDPC/Day value ranging from 1–2 and 28 entries have AUDPC/Day value ranging from 2–3 which revealed that these entries are very useful for use in breeding for durable rust resistance and can be utilized as a parent in back cross and top cross breeding schemes. Material with AUDPC value less than 10 is the best source of resistance against the leaf rust. Varieties/advanced lines, Ujala-16, V-14154, and V-14124 have shown slow rust development and are very good sources of resistance. Similarly, HYT 60–5 has proven an excellent source of resistance. The advance line V-14154 has been approved as a commercial cultivar by the name “Akbar-19”.
Characterizing cancer and COVID-19 outcomes using electronic health records
Authors: Kim Youngran , Zhu Liang , Zhu Huili , Li Xiaojin , Huang Yan , Gu Chunhui , Bush Heather , Chung Caroline , Zhang Guo-Qiang
Published: May 2022

Purpose

Patients with cancer often have compromised immune system which can lead to worse COVID-19 outcomes. The purpose of this study is to assess the association between COVID-19 outcomes and existing cancer-specific characteristics.

Patients and methods

Patients aged 18 or older with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between June 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020, were identified (n = 314 004) from the Optum® de-identified COVID-19 Electronic Health Record (EHR) derived from more than 700 hospitals and 7000 clinics in the United States. To allow sufficient observational time, patients with less than one year of medical history in the EHR dataset before their COVID-19 tests were excluded (n = 42 365). Assessed COVID-19 outcomes including all-cause 30-day mortality, hospitalization, ICU admission, and ventilator use, which were compared using relative risks (RRs) according to cancer status and treatments.

Results

Among 271 639 patients with COVID-19, 18 460 had at least one cancer diagnosis: 8034 with a history of cancer and 10 426 with newly diagnosed cancer within one year of COVID-19 infection. Patients with a cancer diagnosis were older and more likely to be male, white, Medicare beneficiaries, and have higher prevalences of chronic conditions. Cancer patients had higher risks for 30-day mortality (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.14, P = 0.028) and hospitalization (RR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07, P = 0.006) but without significant differences in ICU admission and ventilator use compared to non-cancer patients. Recent cancer diagnoses were associated with higher risks for worse COVID-19 outcomes (RR for mortality 1.17, 95% CI 1.08–1.25, P<0.001 and RR for hospitalization 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.14, P<0.001), particularly among recent metastatic (stage IV), hematological, liver and lung cancers compared with the non-cancer group. Among COVID-19 patients with recent cancer diagnosis, mortality was associated with chemotherapy or radiation treatments within 3 months before COVID-19. Age, black patients, Medicare recipients, South geographic region, cardiovascular, diabetes, liver, and renal diseases were also associated with increased mortality.

Conclusions and relevance

Individuals with cancer had higher risks for 30-day mortality and hospitalization after SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to patients without cancer. More specifically, patients with a cancer diagnosis within 1 year and those receiving active treatment were more vulnerable to worse COVID-19 outcomes.
Expression of toll like receptor 8 (TLR8) in specific groups of mouse hippocampal interneurons
Authors: Seizer Lennart , Rahimi Sadegh , Santos-Sierra Sandra , Drexel Meinrad
Published: May 2022

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are one of the main constituents of the innate immune system in mammals. They can detect conserved microbial structures (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) and host-derived ligands that are produced during cellular stress and damage (danger-associated molecular patterns) and may then initiate an intracellular signaling cascade leading to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immediate immune responses. Some TLR (TLR1, 2, 4, 5, and 6) are expressed on the cell surface while others (TLR3, 7, 8 and 9) are present on the surface of endosomes and their ligands require internalization before recognition is possible. Several TLR have also been detected in neurons where they may serve functions that are not related to immune responses. TLR2, 3, and 4 have been described in cortical neurons and, for TLR4, a seizure-promoting role in epilepsies associated with inflammation has been shown. TLR3, 7, and 8 expressed in neurons seem to influence the growth or withdrawal of neurites and robust activation of TLR8 in neurons may even induce neuronal death. The goal of the current study was to investigate the expression of TLR8 in the hippocampus of mice during postnatal development and in adulthood. We focused on three functionally distinct groups of GABAergic interneurons characterized by the expression of the molecular markers parvalbumin, somatostatin, or calretinin, and we applied double fluorescence immunohistochemistry and cell counts to quantify co-expression of TLR8 in the three groups of GABA-interneurons across hippocampal subregions. We found subregion-specific differences in the expression of TLR8 in these interneurons. During postnatal development, TLR8 was detected only in mice older than P5. While only a small fraction of hippocampal calretinin-positive interneurons expressed TLR8, most parvalbumin-positive interneurons in all hippocampal subregions co-expressed TLR8. Somatostatin-positive interneurons co-expressing TLR8 were mainly present in hippocampal sector CA3 but rare in the dentate gyrus and CA1. High expression of TLR8 in parvalbumin-interneurons may contribute to their high vulnerability in human temporal lobe epilepsy.
The effect of density on sex differentiation, sexual dimorphism, stress, and related gene expression in yellow perch
Authors: Othman Rafidah , Wang Han-Ping , Elabd Hiam , Xie Ding-Kun , Yao Hong , O’Bryant Paul , Rapp Dean
Published: May 2022

A 180-day experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of density on sex differentiation, sexual dimorphism, cortisol level, and stress related gene expression. Yellow perch, Perca flavescens, with initial mean body weight of 0.03 ± 0.001 g were reared in three different stocking densities: 1, 2, and 4 fish/L, termed as low (LD), moderate (MD), and high (HD) density, respectively, in a flow-through tank system. Results showed no significant differences in sex ratio in all density groups compared to normal population 1:1, and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) appeared when male and female were as small as the mean size reaching 11.5 cm and 12.3 cm in total length (TL) or 13.2g and 16.9g in body weight (BW), respectively. This female-biased sexual growth dimorphism was more pronounced in LD, although it was observed across all density groups. A significantly higher condition factor (K) of females than males in the LD group, and significantly higher R values of LD and MD than HD with the length/weight (L/W) linear relationships in females, were observed. Parallelly, fish reared in LD showed significantly higher mean body weight than those in the MD and HD groups, but there were no significant differences between the MD and HD. Similar results were also observed in all the other parameters of weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (K), and survival. These findings suggested that high density not only affected growth itself, but also affected SSD, growth trajectory or body shape, and general wellbeing in fish, especially in females. There were no significant differences in gonadosomatic index (GSI) and viscerosomatic index (VSI) among all the density groups; however, the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of LD was significantly higher than MD and HD, suggesting high density affected liver reserves or functions. Physiologically, plasma cortisol level was significantly highest in the LD among all groups, followed by MD, and lowest in HD. At the molecular level, the expression of the 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes involved in cellular stress were significantly upregulated in the HD group. The most significantly downregulated expression of these genes was consistently observed in the MD when compared to the LD and HD groups. In conclusion, increasing density induced chronic stress in yellow perch without affecting sex differentiation, but negatively affected expression of stress-related genes and mobilization of liver reserve, resulting in poorer wellbeing and reduced SSD, growth, and survival.
Financial incentives to increase stool collection rates for microbiome studies in adult bone marrow transplant patients
Authors: Thompson Jillian C. , Ren Yi , Romero Kristi , Lew Meagan , Bush Amy T. , Messina Julia A. , Jung Sin-Ho , Siamakpour-Reihani Sharareh , Miller Julie , Jenq Robert R. , Peled Jonathan U. , van den Brink Marcel R. M. , Chao Nelson J. , Shrime Mark G. , Sung Anthony D.
Published: May 2022

Introduction

In order to study the role of the microbiome in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT), researchers collect stool samples from patients at various time points throughout HCT. However, stool collection requires active subject participation and may be limited by patient reluctance to handling stool.

Methods

We performed a prospective study on the impact of financial incentives on stool collection rates. The intervention group consisted of allogeneic HCT patients from 05/2017-05/2018 who were compensated with a $10 gas gift card for each stool sample. The intervention group was compared to a historical control group of allogeneic HCT patients from 11/2016-05/2017 who provided stool samples before the incentive was implemented. To control for possible changes in collections over time, we also compared a contemporaneous control group of autologous HCT patients from 05/2017-05/2018 with a historical control group of autologous HCT patients from 11/2016-05/2017; neither autologous HCT group was compensated. The collection rate was defined as the number of samples provided divided by the number of time points we attempted to obtain stool.

Results

There were 35 allogeneic HCT patients in the intervention group, 19 allogeneic HCT patients in the historical control group, 142 autologous HCT patients in the contemporaneous control group (that did not receive a financial incentive), and 75 autologous HCT patients in the historical control group. Allogeneic HCT patients in the intervention group had significantly higher average overall collection rates when compared to the historical control group allogeneic HCT patients (80% vs 37%, p<0.0001). There were no significant differences in overall average collection rates between the autologous HCT patients in the contemporaneous control and historical control groups (36% vs 32%, p = 0.2760).

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that a modest incentive can significantly increase collection rates. These results may help to inform the design of future studies involving stool collection.
Pausânias. Descrição da Grécia. Livro II
Authors: Silva Maria de Fátima
Published: May 2022

Pausânias é o nosso único testemunho de literatura periegética e o autor de um relato precioso sobre a Grécia da época de ocupação romana (séc. II d.C.). A sua descrição é a de alguém que viajou e sintetiza o que ‘viu’, com um olhar que não é só o de um turista curioso, mas de um intelectual que dispõe de uma sólida formação cultural e de uma informação ampla, em resultado de uma recolha criteriosa de todo o tipo de fontes, orais e escritas. Para com Pausânias mantemos em aberto uma enorme dívida: a de ter salvado um lastro de monumentos, de acontecimentos históricos, de figuras e de tradições que, sem ele, se teriam em definitivo apagado da memória dos homens.
Les mots du Brésil
Authors: Vidal Ortega Antonino
Published: May 2022

Reseña del libro "Les mots du Brésil" escrito por Richard Marin
“África” en Río de Janeiro. Una cartografía sobre la inmigración contemporánea
Authors: Estupiñán Serrano Mary Luz
Published: May 2022

En el contexto internacional la mundialización de la economía, la celeridad que imprimen las tecnologías, la amplitud de los medios de comunicación y de transporte, así como la reformulación de las políticas migratorias y de asilo por parte de la Unión Europea y de los Estados Unidos, han tenido repercusiones directas en las migraciones que de África Subsahariana se dirigen a América del Sur. No obstante, hay factores regionales y locales que también inciden en las rutas que se han ido formando en las últimas décadas. Para el caso brasileño destacan los lazos históricos, culturales y políticos que ha intentado mantener con los países lusófonos, así como el lugar de éste en la economía mundial. Por tanto, el presente trabajo se encarga de cartografiar la migración “africana subsahariana occidental” hacia Rio de Janeiro, en el periodo comprendido entre 1990-2010, dando cuenta, así, de las investigaciones académicas adelantadas hasta la fecha.
El desarrollo nuclear de Brasil: reseña histórica
Authors: Cubillos Meza Adela Ivonne
Published: May 2022

El desarrollo nuclear de Brasil alcanzado el día de hoy fue producto de diversos factores, entre ellos, el estado de la ciencia y la tecnología, la cooperación de las potencias de la Guerra Fría y la voluntad política de sus gobernantes que visualizaron el desarrollo de la energía nuclear con fines pacíficos, como un trampolín hacia el progreso económico de la nación. En este artículos se describe, desde una perspectiva histórica, aquellos factores que permitieron a Brasil alcanzar este nivel de desarrollo nuclear, así como también los obstáculos que ha debido enfrentar frente a las potencias nucleares, su postura frente al Tratado de No Proliferación Nuclear y los objetivos y logros de su política nuclear.
Editorial
Authors: Luquetta Cediel David J. , Vidal Ortega Antonino
Published: May 2022

Editorial del Número 17 de Memorias. Dossier Brasil
El sancocho costeño
Authors: Yidi David Odette Marie
Published: May 2022

Receta para la preparación del sancocho costeño
Los árabes en Barranquilla
Authors: Yidi David Odette Marie
Published: May 2022

Reflexión acerca de los procesos de migración árabe a la ciudad de Barranquilla.
Tres miradas de Barranquilla en el siglo XIX
Authors: Vidal Ortega Antonino , Yidi David Odette Marie
Published: May 2022

Relatos y crónicas de viajeros a su paso por Barranquilla en el siglo XIX.
Multicultura lis m and Racializ ation in Latin Ame rica and the Caribbe an
Authors: Reiter Bernd
Published: May 2022

This article, which is based on a keynote address, delivered for the 2nd International Congress of Caribbean Studies, held at the Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia, in August of 2012, argues that Caribbean nations are in dire need to analyze and deconstruct the foundational myths upon w hich their national unities were constructed after achieving independence. This process is under way in such countries as Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia, but has not been carried out for most Caribbean nations, maybe with the exception of Cuba. Where such efforts have not been pursued vigorously, myths of racial harmony tend to prevail. These myths, w hile having served the initial purpose of undermining factionalism and potential secession, are now standing in the w ay of recognizing cultural diversity so that it can be addressed with meaningful public policies. Before a thorough dismantling of such foundational myths of racial harmony is achieved, multiculturalism, i.e. the equal recognition of different cultures living in one country, remains elusive.
Actividad política de un actor no estatal colombiano en Centroamérica y el Caribe. El caso de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia –Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP)
Authors: Trejos Rosero Luis Fernando
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo, tiene como objetivo central describir analíticamente, cómo una organización insurgente colombiana (actor no estatal), en este caso, las FARC-EP, en medio de los cambios ocurridos en el escenario internacional postguerra fría, desarrollaron un amplio trabajo diplomático en Centroamérica y el Caribe. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se utiliza la teoría transnacional y la categoría de actor no estatal como marco analítico. Por sus características, la actividad internacional de esta organización insurgente es de tipo alternativo, confrontacional y público.
Elementos para una historia de las compañías aseguradoras en Colombia
Authors: Vanegas Gustavo Adolfo
Published: May 2022

Reseña del libro "Los Seguros en Colombia y la Experiencia de la Compañía Bananera de Seguros: 1960-1970" escrito por Jorge Elías Caro y David Numa Florian
Massa Day Not Done! Lomé and the Trinidadia n Sugar Industry 1975-2005
Authors: Francis Love ll
Published: May 2022

This paper challenges the mantra repeated for decades in the wake of the signing of the Lomé Sugar Protocols by the African, Pacific and Caribbean group of nations (A.C.P.) of which Trinidad and Tobago was a member and the European Economic Community (E.E.C.) during 1975. The slant voiced by the Community and accepted by many w ithin the Caribbean has for far too long suggested that the Sugar Protocols continued the seemingly altruistic economic relationship established between 1951 and 1974 by its direct predecessor the Commonwealth Sugar Agreement (C.S.A.). However this is very much a misnomer as post 1975 the nation’s sugar industry, centred on the island of Trinidad, like its counterparts in the A.C.P., entered a paradigm fundamentally bereft of most of the economic benefits of the C.S.A. and which instead worked overwhelmingly to the advantage of British refining companies like Tate and Lyle. This meant that though Dr Eric Williams, the nation’s first Prime Minister intoned that independence meant the ending of “Massa’s” time in Trinidad and Tobago, where the sugar industry was concerned the economic subservience concomitant with a history of colonialism continued well into the twenty-first century.
La cultura en la comunidad iberoamericana de naciones. La necesaria instauración de un entramado jurídico
Authors: González Arana Roberto
Published: May 2022

Reseña del libro "La cultura en la comunidad iberoamericana de naciones. La necesaria instauración de un entramado jurídico" escrito por Castor Díaz Barrado
Puerto Rico, 1808-1837. De la fidelidad al conflicto
Authors: Navarro García Jesús Raúl
Published: May 2022

Entre la guerra de la Independencia y la Constitución de 1837 se suceden en territorio peninsular y en las posesiones americanas del Imperio español múltiples sucesos que acabaron por señalar el camino que siguió el liberalismo peninsular para dilucidar una vieja cuestión: la del ordenamiento jurídico y político que debía aplicarse en los territorios de Ultramar. Lejos de tener el liberalismo peninsular una opinión monolítica respecto a los dominios coloniales el estudio del caso puertorriqueño nos muestra cómo hubo diferentes “sensibilidades” dentro del liberalismo y cómo éstas coexistieron incluso dentro de la Administración insular de los periodos absolutistas. Los procesos bélicos que llenan la historia peninsular en todo el período de estudio y los desastres naturales que afectan al suelo puertorriqueño -especialmente virulentos en la década de los treinta del siglo XIX- contribuyeron a un estado de cosas que condujo al alejamiento progresivo de las elites locales respecto a la política fiscal colonial seguida por la metrópoli. Este descontento, de base fiscal, se retroalimentó con las medidas políticas que la Constitución de 1837 introduce: la expulsión de los diputados americanos de las Cortes por un lado y la no aplicación de la normativa constitucional en las Antillas y Filipinas, dando lugar a una situación delicadísima que estuvo a punto de poner en peligro la estabilidad e incluso la existencia del llamado Imperio insular.
Editorial
Authors: Luquetta Cediel David J. , Vidal Ortega Antonino
Published: May 2022

Editorial de Memorias N° 19
„Pozycja prawie idealna”. Związek Polskich Artystów Plastyków wobec przemian politycznych, kryzysu gospodarczego i napięć środowiskowych w latach 1980–1981
Authors: Banasiak Jakub
Published: May 2022

This paper examines the participation of the Polish Artists' Union in the complex transformation of communist Poland in 1980–1981 . It is one of the most mythologized phenomena in Polish art history. The main approach to this period assumes that before the of “Solidarity” movement uprising, the Polish Artists' Union was totally dependent on the communist authorities. Then, after August 1980, the Union was to become idealistic, anti-communist organization. The following paper recognizes this kind of historiographical narrative as an example of the 'totalitarian model'. It is a model based on a simple, binary vision of the communist system as a field of permanent struggle between “innocent” society and “oppressive”, omnipotent authorities. The  analysis presented here uses the perspective of social history (Sheila Fitzpatrick et al.). From this perspective, communism is viewed as a complex tangle of active, causative social actors (groups and individuals), who could be politically engaged, but may not be. One of those actors was the Polish Artists' Union. Based on various kinds of sources, I show how the Union tried to take the optimal political position after August 1980. To examine this issue I use two types of political mentality, which dominated in those days in the Party, in “Solidarity”, and also in the Union. One is termed “fundamental”, and treats politics in terms of morality, dignity, and so on. The other is called “pragmatic”, and is focused on institutional games, while also allowing compromises or concessions. To track the dynamics of how the Union functioned from August 1980 until martial law was declared (in December 1981), I introduce a division into three phases of the Solidarity revolution: September-December 1980, January-July 1981, and September-December 1981. An analysis of the Union's documents, art magazines, and Party's documents (both official and internal), shows that after the first phase, the Polish Artists' Union was ready to join  the new configuration of power, based on Solidarity and the Polish United Workers' Party agreement. According to David Ost's theory, I define this project as a “neo-corporatist” model of the state socialism in the art system.