bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSHUMANIST DREAM. WHEN GLOBAL SURVIVAL MEETS ULTIMATE DIGITALISATION
Authors: Mitrović Veselin
Published: February 2025

Human Enhancement Technologies (HET) encompass bio-, nano-, cognitive, and info-communication technologies and sciences aimed at enhancing and improving human capacities and characteristics beyond the statistical norm of normal human functioning. Bioethics is defined as a bridge between natural and social sciences and the humanities. It has served as the science of global survival for a long time, spanning millennia. In contemporary bioethics, there are two mainstreams and several factions: transhumanism and bio-conservatism. This theoretical and ideological divisionism has opposing arguments due to the usage of HET. While the former supports all types of human enhancement, arguing that human survival is facilitated by the use of new biotechnologies, information technologies, and other advancements, the latter opposes such usage, even in some medical and diagnostic cases. In this paper, we will analyze the usage of various Transhumanist narratives illustrated by mythology. For this purpose, we have created two methodological triangles: the Survival Triangle and the symbolical Mythological Triangle. These triangles are constructed between the following points: Anticipation/Proteus, Autonomy/Icarus, and Survival/Odysseus. The paper indicates that survival, as the ultimate goal of humans, is justified using new biotechnologies—the transhumanist aim. However, what is the ethics of the means used in this respect, and what could be the cost of ultimate digitalization for the sake of survival?
НОВИ МЕДИЈИ И ДРУШТВЕНИ ПОКРЕТИ: ОНЛАЈН АКТИВИЗАМ КАО ДЕО ПОЛИТИКЕ СВАКОДНЕВНОГ ЖИВОТА
Authors: Стјепановић Корнилова Милица
Published: February 2025

Користећи приступ социокултурне антропологије, истраживање се бави појавом онлајн активизма друштвених покрета и њиховим утицајем на свакодневно искуство индивидуа приликом коришћења друштвених мрежа. Хипотеза истраживања је да друштвени покрети кроз онлајн активизам мобилишу појединце, који затим путем друштвених мрежа и сами постају део онлајн активизма тако што на личним профилима деле објаве и вести у склопу кампања,  потписују онлајн петиције итд, и на тај начин, политичка партиципација појединаца се проширује на домен свакодневице. У демократији, политички живот појединца се формално изражава, пре свега, путем избора или ванредно путем организованих протеста. Друштвене мреже, с друге стране, представљају комуникацијско средство, али су данас постале саставни део свакодневног живота. Имајући то у виду, истраживање треба да одговори на два питања. Прво питање је о томе како појединци доживљавају своју политичку улогу у друштву и да ли су друштвене мреже и онлајн активизам утицали на њихово искуство учествовања у политичким процесима од друштвеног значаја. Друго питање се односи на начин на који су припадници друштва почели да користе друштвене мреже као средство политичког изражавања и да ли се политика данас може посматрати као део свакодневице. Користећи теорију праксе, по узору на Ортнер (1984), у истраживању је уочено да су друштвене мреже допуниле постојеће облике политичке партиципације, док онлајн активизам носи друштвену и културну функцију тако што постаје средство репродуковања културног конструкта политике, регулисања односа у институционалним структурама и даје могућност појединцу да прошири своје могућности у политичкој партиципацији. Рад представља студију случаја, те су испитаници пратиоци друштвеног покрета Крени-Промени и њихових активности у протеклих годину дана.
DIGITALNI AKTIVIZAM NA PRIMJERU POJEDINACA KOJI SE ZALAŽU ZA DOBROBIT I PRAVA ŽIVOTINJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Trninić Duško
Published: February 2025

Rad predstavlja kvantitativnu i kvalitativnu analizu stavova građana Bosne i Hercegovine o životinjama i njihovom sociokulturnom statusu u društvu. U prvom slučaju, radi se o istraživanju opšte populacije s ciljem određivanja dominantnih pristupa kojima se sagledava životinjsko u društvu, dok se u drugom slučaju analizira animalistički aktivizam pojedinaca koji djeluju unutar zaštitnih udruženja, a i mimo njih, kako bi se mapirale tema i odredili pravci javne komunikacije o životinjama i njihovim pravima u Bosni i Hercegovini. Fokus je na animalističkim studijama, kao posebnoj naučnoj disciplini, koje svoja interesovanja usmjeravaju na životinje kao aktivne učesnike društvenog i kulturnog života. Naspram isključivo akademski usmjerene klasične, uvodi se i kritička animalistika, koja je više aktivistički usmjerena, jer područje svoga djelovanja izmješta iz teorijskog i akademskog diskursa, prema politici i aktivnom djelovanju na ostvarivanju oslobođenja životinja. Podaci su prikupljeni metodama anketiranja opšte populacije i polustrukturisanog intervjua sa istaknutim pojedincima, koji su prepoznati kao promoteri zaštite životinja. Ovakva partikularizacija animalističkog aktivizma, omogućila nam je da kroz „direktan aktivistički glas“ (Marjanić, 2014) sagledamo motive njihovog djelovanja posredstvom društvenih mreža, koji se kreću od lične akcije, preko zagovaranja, do građanskog udruživanja (Altar i dr., 2007).
NAVIKE RODITELJA DJECE PREDŠKOLSKE DOBI ISTARSKE ŽUPANIJE O UPORABI MOBILNIH UREĐAJA
Authors: Kadum Sandra , Kos Dorea
Published: February 2025

Kod djece predškolske dobi uporaba mobilnih uređaja postala je svakodnevna pojava, tj. ona vrlo rano dobivaju na korištenje mobilne uređaje. Već su dvogodišnja djeca sposobna samostalno koristiti se mobilnim uređajem, povezuju se na internet te dolaze do sadržaja neprimjerenih njihovom uzrastvu, bilo da je riječ o crtićima, igricama ili drugom sadržaju. Stoga djecu, već od najranije dobi, valja informirati i objasniti dobre i loše strane interneta. Cilj istraživanja bio je spoznati stavove i promišljanja roditelja o upotrebi mobitelnih uređaja kod djece predškole dobi. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 205 ispitanika, roditelja čija djeca pohađaju predškolsku ustanovu (jaslice ili vrtić) na području Istarske županije (Republika Hrvatska). Za potrebe istraživanja sačinjen je mjerni instrument, anketni upitnik, koji je prosljeđen roditeljima u Viber grupe. Rezultati kazuju da 64.9% sudionika istraživanja, svom predškolskom djetetu, dopušta uporabu mobitelnog uređaja: korištenje mobitela do jednog sata dnevno dopušta 44.4% ispitanika, dok 3.8% dopuštaju uporabu mobitela do dva sata. Nadalje 87.9% kontrolira sadržaj koji dijete gleda na mobilnom uređaju. 43.6% svih ispitanika dopustit će da, kad dijete krene u školu, ima svoj profil na društvenoj mreži ili aplikaciji (WhatsApp i/ili Viber). Teško je ograničiti suvremenu tehnologiju djeci, jer se mišljenje oko uporabe mobilnih uređaja kod djece razlikuje od roditelja do roditelja. Djeci bi se zasigurno trebalo ograničiti vrijeme provođenja na mobilnom uređaju, te uvijek kontrolirati i razgovarati s djetetom o sadržaju koje prati na internetu.
ODNOS FIKTIVNOG I REALNOG U HANEKEOVOM FILMU „SMIJEŠNE IGRE“: „ČETVRTI ZID“ KAO PARABOLA O PRISUSTVU
Authors: Elezović Stefan
Published: February 2025

Tema ovog rada jeste osvrt na Hanekeov film „Smiješne igre“ (Funny games) iz 1997. godine. Tematsko usmjerenje je vezano za sociološku analizu sadržaja pomenutog filma, te dovođenje datih sadržaja u relaciju sa Hajdegerovim poimanjem tehnike, Adornovom i Horkhajmerovom kritikom masovne kulture, Jonasovom etikom odgovornosti i Bodrijarovom koncepcijom simulacije. Pomenuti film ukazuje na problem medijskog predstavljanja nasilja u kontekstu postrealnosti. Nasilje je prezentovano kao vid zabave, a samo mučenje kao performans. Zid između gledalaca i aktera filma se ruši, te se hipostazira uloga gledaoca filma kao aktera. Osnovna pretpostavka ovog rada počiva na mišljenju da djelovanje na mikroravni tvori makroefekat koji vodi utemeljenju nove realnosti. Hanekeov film „Smiješne igre“ afirmativno odgovara na navedenu pretpostavku. Izloženost uticaju virtuelnog prostora kroz djelovanje na subjekte ostavlja posljedice na realnost. Film „Smiješne igre“ posredstvom rušenja „četvrtog zida“ problematizuje odnos publike i medija, tj. relaciju fiktivnog i realnog. Fokusirajući se na sadržaj filma, te na metode analize, sinteze, dedukcije i indukcije, dolazimo do zaključka da film „Smiješne igre“ jeste metafora slike savremenog doba. Vizuelna reprezentacija utiče na objektivizaciju virtuelnog svijeta, stoga se analiza sadržaja vizuelnih medija otvara kao jedna od najpregnantnijih perspektiva uvida u prirodu objektivnosti u savremenom kontekstu.
Андрићев мост као дијалектика кратког времена и дугог трајања
Authors: Bogićević Nikola
Published: February 2025

У раду ће бити анализиран феноменолошки однос између типологије историјског времена из перспективе француског историчара Фернана Бродела (1902–1985) и контекст разумијевања историјско-симболичке сврхе фигуре моста српског књижевника Иве Андрића (1892 –1975). Компарација фикционалног (Андрић) и историографског наратива (Бродел) своју легитимацију задобија тврдњом Пола Рикера (1913–2005) да је Бродел, у немогућности да се одреди према „догађају”, и сам морао да чином поетске конфигурације од временских равни теорије начини један квазизаплет и да му је управо критика догађаја онемогућила спровођење типологије унутар једне јединствене приче. Метафизичка идеја историје као заплета, радње у којој дјелују актери има примат у односу на историографску анализу. На мјесту гдје Бродел стаје, Андрић својим наративом наставља, показујући да је могуће истовремено напуштање кратког трајања, али и враћање на јединствене догађаје. На Андрићев мост ће се гледати, поред симболичке везе коју у ауторовој поетици носи,  као на конституента  кратког, субјективног времена, проблемски тематизованог у Броделовој епистемологији историје. Поред теоријске сличности и подударности Броделових и Андрићевих идеја, уочиће се и слично егзистенцијално искуство као утемељујући фактор настанка њихових филозофија историје.
Проблем апсолута у поезији Милоша Црњанског
Authors: Glišović Anja
Published: February 2025

Рад настоји да објасни проблем и развој апсолута у поезији Милоша Црњанског. Проблем апсолута сагледаћемо кроз збирку песама Лирика Итаке. Основни циљ интерпретације је да укаже на видљивост апсолута у песмама, као и на његову трансформацију кроз три циклуса. Секундарни циљеви су разматрање симболике Итаке – одисејевски мотив лутања, односно повратак јунака после рата и пародирање жанрова. Проблем апсолута добија дијапазон значења у циклусима: у Видовданским песмама, најпре, означава недостижну спознају, а затим апсолут поприма негативне конотације; у Новим сенкама лирски субјекат наставља потрагу за апсолутом; у Стиховима улица значење апсолута потпуно је уништено и разорено. Резултати истраживања указују на широк распон у приказивању апсолута – од неба до улице – где је разорен. Стога, закључујемо да у поезији Милоша Црњанског лирски субјекат трага за апсолутом који више није Бог.
Realistička ontologija Bruna Latoura i Manuela DeLande
Authors: Bogićević Nikola
Published: February 2025

U radu će biti prikazan kratak osvrt na neke od hipoteza realističke ontologije, sa akcentom na dva njena živuća filozofska predstavnika: Bruna Latoura i Manuela DeLandu. Prvo će se ispitati teorijske postavke iz Latourove An Inquiry into Modes of Existence. An Anthropology of the Moderns (2013), knjige u kojoj autor dovršava vlastitu ontološku tezu o tzv. modusima postojanja i DeLandinih promišljanja sklopova i društvene kompleksnosti u A New Philosophy of Society. Assemblage Theory and Social Complexity (2006), a potom izvršiti sumiranje argumenata u neku vrstu koherentne cjeline. Dobijeni rezultat neće služiti za dokaz postojanja grubo određenog teorijsko-filozofskog sistema, već nekakve vrste platforme, koja se može koristiti za analizu fenomena koji bi prvenstveno bili relativni, a u isto vrijeme i realni. Metodološko polazište isključuje linearni, istorijsko-dijalektički razvoj mišljenja i zato u konačnici ne može ponijeti predikat klasične filozofske kritike: ontologije Latoura i DeLande koriste mnogo pojmova koji svoju genezu ne duguju etabliranim filozofskim sistemima. Takođe, rad će uputiti na akcentovanje posebne vrste pluralističkog poimanja svijeta, formalnog shvatanja ontologije promjene i pružiti neke informacije o tome šta bi mogla biti definicija realizma u ontologiji, oslobođena transcendentalne filozofije i tretiranja iskustva kao unaprijed zahvaćenog funkcijama uma.
МОТИВИСАЊЕ УЧЕНИКА ЗА ЧИТАЊЕ И АНАЛИЗУ ДРАМСКОГ ТЕКСТА
Authors: Ilić Aleksandar N.
Published: February 2025

Предмет овог рада тиче се методике наставе Српског језика и књижевности у средњошколском образовању, са посебним освртом на драмску књижевност. У раду наводе се и образлажу могућности мотивисања ученика за читање драмских текстова Марина Држића (Новелe од Станца и Дундa Маројa) који се, по наставном програму, обрађују у првом разреду средње школе. Детаљно се анализирају различити типови мотивисања: мотивисање одломком, мотивисање опрекама, мотивисање позоришним и филмским изведбама и мотивисање хумором. Полазећи од тога да свака делатност има своје циљеве, па тако и настава књижевности, детаљно се образлажу образовни, васпитни и функционални циљеви, али се наводе и нивои обраде тих текстова, као и исходи, који представљају елементе образовних стандарда који треба да дефинишу знања, вештине и способности ученика. Обрадом драмских текстова успешно се развијају читалачке навике, појачава се свесна активност ученика и подстиче интересовање за сценску уметност. Циљ рада је да прикаже проблемски и истраживачки приступ књижевном тексту у настави књижевности. У раду ће се јасно истаћи шта је задатак наставника, а шта ученика приликом обраде драмског текста, а посебна пажња биће посвећена васпитној улози наставе књижевности.
TEMA MAJČINSTVA I EGZILA U DJELU OCEANA VUONGA NA ZEMLJI SMO NAKRATKO PREDIVNI
Authors: Racz Rajna
Published: February 2025

Ovaj rad bavi se ispisivanjem teme majčinstva i egzila u romanu Na zemlji smo nakratko predivni Oceana Vuonga.  Ključni teorijski autori na koje se rad oslanja su: Edward Said, Jacqueline Rose, Arjun Appaudrai i Michel Foucault. U svojem prvom romanu Na zemlji smo nakratko predivni Ocean Vuong piše o kompleksnom odnosu bake, majke i sina i o generacijskom nasljeđu koje je upisano u njegovo tijelo. Majka je centralno lice oko kojeg se strukturira roman i u ovom radu analizira se Vuongov koncept majčinstva i nasljeđa egzila prema motivskim sklopovima: pisanje, prostor i tijelo. Na temelju analize romana  razmatra se o problemima majki egzilantica u novoj zemlji i kako se njihova trauma prenaša na dijete.  Analizirajući njegov odnos s majkom opisan je koncept-autora stranca koji je Ocean Vuong ispisao u svojem romanu.
ПРАВНИ РЕЖИМ ИМИСИЈА КАО ОГРАНИЧЕЊА ПРАВА СВОЈИНЕ НА НЕПОКРЕТНОСТИМА
Authors: Драгана Петрушић
Published: February 2025

Савремени живот и развој узрок су великим промјенама у области заштите од штетних имисија. Право својине ограничава се у интерсу власника сусједне непокретности али и у интересу заштите животне средине. Број штетних имисија се сваким даном повећава, а законодоавац настоји да прати сталне промјене. Због тога смо свједоци да се институт права својине све више ограничава, наметањем власницима непокретности све већих ограничења у виду трпљења или чињења. Имисије више нису само ограничење права својине већ питање права на здрав живот и животну средину.
ПРАКСА УСТАВНОГ СУДА РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ
Authors: Љубомир Ожеговић
Published: February 2025

У случају имунизације, која је оспореним законом прописана и као посебна мјера за спречавање заразних болести, ријеч је о стандардној здравственој услузи која се пружа свим лицима која се морају имунизовати према одредбама релевантног закона и другим прописима, те се не може говорити о присилном подвргавању лица медицинским или другим научним огледима, како се то неосновано наводи у иницијативи.
The vital condition of plantings on the territory of Secondary school No. 2 named after Tikhomirovoy O. A. in Yoshkar-Ola
Authors: Valabugina Nadezhda Ruslanovna , Muhametova Svetlana Valer'evna , Granitsa YUliya Vladimirovna
Published: February 2025

Since children and teaching staff spend a significant amount of time in the schoolyard, it is important to maintain a healthy state of green spaces, which is directly related to maintaining ecological balance and improving the quality of the environment. The presence of green areas on school grounds has a positive impact on the health of students, as they spend a significant part of the day inside school premises and need fresh air. In addition, the green areas serve as training grounds for classes in biology, ecology and other subjects. This study is devoted to the study of the territory of secondary school No. 2 in Yoshkar-Ola (Republic of Mari El), located at 46 Osipenko St. and named after O.A. Tikhomirova. In the period 2022-2023, an inventory of woody and shrubby plants was carried out using generally accepted methods [9], and an inventory plan and statement were compiled. Thus, the condition of the tree and shrub plantations on the territory of school No. 2 in the city of Yoshkar-Ola, named after O.A. Tikhomirova, can be assessed as satisfactory. At the same time, the largest number of trees and shrubs belongs to the second vital category, where species such as hanging birch and small-leaved linden predominate. The number of drying plants is minimal – only one specimen of a cultivated apple tree. In general, the environmental situation on the territory of the educational institution is favorable, creating optimal conditions for children and teachers to stay outdoors. However, it should be noted that certain areas of the schoolyard could be improved by planting new ornamental shrubs. This would not only diversify the flora of the area, but also make it more attractive from an aesthetic point of view. In addition, such an event would help to increase the level of biological diversity on the school grounds, which would have a positive impact on the overall environmental situation.
From the "Cinematic Suture" to Experience in Film Theory: Historical and Philosophical Aspect
Authors: Strugova Ekaterina  Alexandrovna
Published: February 2025

This article is devoted to the historical and philosophical foundations on which the "cinematic suture" as a concept from psychoanalysis became an object of the analysis of sensuality in the 20th century. The relevance of the research is related to the need to pose the problem of a gradual movement from cinema as an object of perception to the analysis of the spectator`s role in the film philosophy of the last century. The connection of the subject with the discourse of the film through the "suture" is considered according to the scenario of J. Lacan, J.-A. Miller and J.-P. Oudart. The impact, as well as the differences between the "classical" and the modern version of "the system of suture" are called. The thesis is put forward that the expansion of the context of such concepts as the "cinematic suture" may lead to the loss of its theoretical framework in the history of psychoanalysis and structuralism in film theory. Analytical and comparative methods are used in this article to find the prerequisites that in the 1950s and 1990s shifted the discussion of realism from film criticism to the level of theory and philosophical problem. The scientific novelty consists of substantiating the continuity of the "suture" concept with realism and the impression of reality in contemporary film theories. The illustrative field of the reality effect, the impression of reality and the cinematic "suture" is expanded and complemented by audiovisual features of different genres using the example of the analysis of the satirical comedy by Elem Klimov "Welcome, or No Trespassing" (1964). As a result, it is concluded that the anticipation of the viewer's reaction and his spatial identity in the film serve not only as a criterion for evaluating the cinematic experience as a sensory one, but also as a sign of the difference between several periods of comprehension and criticism of "the system of suture" from each other. It is proved that the turn of the XX-XXI centuries in the theory and philosophy of cinema was marked by criticism of the idea of the spectator as a "reader" of movies, which at an early stage of the development of "the system of suture" was no less universal and prescriptive than realism.
Diamond in a double bass setting
Authors: Gorbunov Nikolai Yurievich
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to popularize the music of our famous compatriot, composer Efrem Iosifovich Podhaits. His chamber music is the subject of research, and the sonata for double bass and piano is the object of study. Efrem Iosifovich is a very prolific composer who, year after year, pleases musicians and ordinary listeners with composing more and more new works, confirming his professional worth. The author's interests cover all musical genres. Along with symphonic, opera, and choral music, there are chamber compositions for all instruments. And the double bass is no exception. Despite the established opinion about it as an instrument exclusively accompanying, orchestral and jazz, Efrem Iosifovich goes beyond stereotypes and gives the double bass in his sonata a full-fledged solo part, which includes new playing techniques such as pizzicato on the fingerboard, glissando with flageolets, cross pizzicato on open strings with two hands and others. The author of the article claims that the sonata for double bass and piano is unique because it combines deep philosophical content and knowledge of all the subtleties of playing this instrument. Based on a detailed study, the author gives a subjective assessment of the form and inner world of the work. The main conclusion of the acquaintance with Efrem Iosifovich's chamber composition is the conviction that it is necessary to familiarize oneself with and include one of the most remarkable contrabass opuses in the current repertoire of performing musicians. This is confirmed by the release of the Anthology "Modern Music for Double Bass" by the publishing house of the Moscow Conservatory, which includes three sonatas, including the sonata by Podhaitz. The article emphasizes that despite the modern language of writing, Efrem Iosifovich's style remains recognizable and unique. The composer does not deviate from the classical canons of art and relies in his work on three main musical "whales" – rhythm, harmony and melody. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that before the author, this work unfairly remained in the shadow of other works, and did not act as an object for special research. The article is a huge contribution to spreading information about this little-known work among fellow musicians and students.
Representation of the "enemy" frame in modern media discourses in Russia and the UK
Authors: Maslova Ol'ga Valer'evna
Published: February 2025

The subject of the research is the phenomenon of the "enemy" in the media discourses of Russian and British linguistic cultures. The relevance of the research subject is related to the increased confrontation in the media environment caused by the aggravation of world-class political and economic situations. At the same time, the Internet is gaining increasing popularity, the availability of public access to which allows politicians in many countries to increasingly use it as the main space for information influence on the public. The purpose of the study is to describe and compare the semantic components that define the image of the enemy in the two analyzed linguistic cultures, based on the media texts used. A comparative description of the phenomenon under study in different linguistic cultures allows it to be qualified as a culturally determined frame that shows the peculiarities of the worldview in the national linguistic environment that applies it. Research methods such as continuous sampling, conceptual analysis, classification and systematization of analyzed linguistic units into semantic components, and the comparative method were used in the work. According to the results of the study, two groups of components were identified that make up the meaning of the word "enemy" in the analyzed linguistic cultures, such as: slot components describing basic evaluative features, and terminals expressed by certain linguistic units in a presented communicative situation that mentions this phenomenon. According to observations, the components of the second named group cause the first. The selected slot components of the described phenomenon manifested a number of subframes that determine the subject of the study by two fundamental factors, such as: basic (manifesting intention and act) and additional. The latter point to various ways of evaluating a hostile act, including the following: legal, moral, emotional, or ideological criteria. The data obtained showed a number of common (regarded by representatives of both linguistic cultures) and specific (appreciated by representatives of one of the studied linguistic cultures) components of the phenomenon under study.
The hidden dialogue between Lukacs and Bakhtin in the context of Socialist Realism — The Poetics of the genre in the perspective of a long time
Authors: Tan Ke
Published: February 2025

The subject of research in this article is the hidden dialogue between the philosophical and literary theories of Mikhail Bakhtin and Gyorgy Lukacs, which unfolded against the background of the formation and development of socialist realism. The focus is on the analysis of how, by polemicizing with the teleological premises underlying Lukacs' system and the Socialist realist doctrine, Bakhtin forms his concept of the poetics of the novel in the perspective of "big time." The research focuses on contrasting approaches to understanding genre, where Lukacs, relying on the philosophy of history, builds a linear and teleological model of genre development, culminating in socialist realism, and Bakhtin, entering into a hidden polemic, develops anti-ideological, space-time poetics. Special attention is paid to how Bakhtin, shifting the focus from historical philosophy to the text level, offers a dialogic interpretation of genres in which each of them, including the novel and the epic, appears as a unique and eternal way of understanding the world, coexisting and interacting within the framework of the "big time", rather than striving for a historical conclusion.   The research methodology is based on the analysis of Lukacs and Bakhtin's texts, with an emphasis on revealing hidden dialogical connections between their theories, especially in the context of the formation and development of the literary theory of socialist realism. The article uses a comparative method, exploring various aspects of genre poetics (including chronotopes, genre types, and the roles of writers) in the works of both authors. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the identification and analysis of the hidden dialogue between Bakhtin and Lukacs, which is not limited to comparing their views on the novel and the epic, but reveals fundamental differences in their approaches to understanding the historical process and the role of the literary genre. In contrast to Lukacs' teleological concept, which considers the development of genres as a linear process aimed at a specific goal, the study demonstrates the innovative nature of Bakhtin's anti-ideological poetics, which asserts eternal coexistence and dialogue between genres. In particular, the work shows that in Bakhtin's concept of “big time,” a genre that is not tied to a specific historical epoch does not act as a means of expression, but as a way of discovering and understanding the world itself, gaining its significance in dialogue with other genres.
Mediatonality of sports media telegram channels as a means of engaging the target audience
Authors: Beglaryan Alik Hachaturovich
Published: February 2025

The subject of the research is the telegram channels of sports media as a means of interacting with the target audience. The object of the study is the interaction of the media tone of the telegram channel with the content of the media itself, the website and the representation on social networks. The telegram channels of the three largest sports media in Russia were selected as the research material: the Match TV channel and the newspapers Sport-Express and Sovetsky Sport. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the tone of information presentation, the speed of content placement, and the interaction of content from various information channels. Special attention is paid to the differences between the telegram channels of print media and the TV channel and the use of means of engaging the target audience in them, such as announcements, links to live broadcasts, visualization of the front page of the newspaper, the possibility of voting and feedback, etc. The study uses the method of continuous sampling of telegram channel posts, the method of content analysis of the content of posts, comparing the content of posts with other channels of interaction with the audience (the website and the media itself). The main conclusions of the study are to establish the position of the telegram channel in the media sphere of a particular media outlet, along with the primary channel of interaction with the audience (print, television). The emergence and development of the electronic format of text usage has led to the formation of each media outlet's own website, social media profile, and telegram channel (which has emerged recently as of today). A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is the consideration of such a segment as the telegram channels of the mass media: telegram channels as such are mainly reflected in Russian science using the example of telegram channels of institutions, organizations and specific people, however, the issue of content diversification in the event that the organization leading the telegram channel is the media was not previously considered. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the appeal to the material of the telegram channels of the mass media using the example of sports media as actively interacting with fans and an engaged audience.
Combined forces of hydrostatic pressure and actin polymerization drive endothelial tip cell migration and sprouting angiogenesis
Authors: Kondrychyn Igor , He Liqun , Wint Haymar , Betsholtz Christer , Phng Li-Kun
Published: February 2025

Cell migration is a key process in the shaping and formation of tissues. During sprouting angiogenesis, endothelial tip cells invade avascular tissues by generating actomyosin-dependent forces that drive cell migration and vascular expansion. Surprisingly, endothelial cells (ECs) can still invade if actin polymerization is inhibited. In this study, we show that endothelial tip cells employ an alternative mechanism of cell migration that is dependent on Aquaporin (Aqp)-mediated water inflow and increase in hydrostatic pressure. In the zebrafish, ECs express aqp1a.1 and aqp8a.1 in newly formed vascular sprouts in a VEGFR2-dependent manner. Aqp1a.1 and Aqp8a.1 loss-of-function studies show an impairment in intersegmental vessels formation because of a decreased capacity of tip cells to increase their cytoplasmic volume and generate membrane protrusions, leading to delayed tip cell emergence from the dorsal aorta and slower migration. Further inhibition of actin polymerization resulted in a greater decrease in sprouting angiogenesis, indicating that ECs employ two mechanisms for robust cell migration in vivo. Our study thus highlights an important role of hydrostatic pressure in tissue morphogenesis.
Dropout: An Effective Approach to Prevent Neural Networks from Overfitting
Authors: Ali Shahwan Younis , Maseeh Hajar
Published: February 2025

Overfitting remains a significant challenge in training neural networks, often leading to poor generalization on unseen data. Dropout has emerged as a powerful regularization technique to mitigate overfitting by randomly deactivating neurons during training, thereby preventing co-adaptation of features and encouraging diverse representations. This paper explores the theoretical foundations and practical implementations of dropout across various neural network architectures, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). Through empirical analysis on benchmark datasets such as CIFAR-10, MNIST, and others, dropout is shown to improve model robustness and accuracy significantly. The study also compares dropout with alternative regularization methods, such as weight constraints and batch normalization, highlighting its effectiveness in diverse scenarios. Despite its success, dropout's performance is influenced by hyperparameter tuning and dataset characteristics. The paper concludes by discussing limitations, such as computational overhead, and proposes directions for optimizing dropout for specific applications, including dynamic dropout rates and hybrid regularization techniques.
Rare ECG Dynamics in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Co-Occurrence of De Winter and Wellens' Signs in Proximal LAD Occlusion
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Prasad Pooja , NK Ramya Das
Published: February 2025

The present study explores about rare ECG Dynamics in Acute Coronary syndrome. De Winter sign and Wellens sign are two electrocardiogram patterns which have been described in acute coronary syndrome due to acute occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery. A 69-year-old male with cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus and a sedentary lifestyle presented with typical rest angina lasting more than 20 minutes. Initial ECG taken at nearby hospital showed de Winter’s pattern. Wellens’ syndrome has been described as occurring in 14% to 18% of patients with unstable angina 3,4, while the de Winter pattern is known to be in 2% of patients admitted with anterior wall infarction5. The coexistence of the De Winter and Wellens patterns in the same patient is an extremely rare finding.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Prepared Herbal Denture Cleansers and Their Impact on Physical Properties of Denture Base Material: An Invitro Study
Authors: BK Rakshith , H Ayesha Tabassum , Akanksha  , Fareed Nusrath , NK Jyothi , Rao Suhas
Published: February 2025

Background: Microbial colonization on dentures, particularly by Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, leads to oral infections and systemic health risks. Chemical denture cleansers, commonly used for hygiene, are associated with adverse effects such as tissue irritation, allergic reactions, and the potential for antimicrobial resistance, prompting the need for more biocompatible alternatives.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of herbal denture cleansers prepared from Ocimum sanctum, Aloe barbadensis miller, Coffea arabica, Elettaria cardamomum, and Salvadora persica against common denture-colonizing microorganisms. Additionally, the impact of these cleansers on the physical properties of denture materials was assessed.
Materials and Methods: Herbal methanolic extracts were prepared. Each extract was diluted to specific concentrations and tested for antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion method against Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis for zone of inhibition. Denture specimens were immersed in the cleansers for six months, and physical properties including Colour change, Surface roughness, Surface hardness and Flexural strength were evaluated using standard techniques such as colorimetric system, profilometry, Vicker’s Hardness Tester, and a three-point bending test, respectively. p-value<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Ocimum sanctum and Aloe barbadensis miller demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, though less than standard drugs (Nystatin, Amoxicillin, Chlorhexidine). Ocimum sanctum showed the highest inhibition against Candida albicans (17.56 mm) and Streptococcus mutans (20.02 mm). Aloe barbadensis miller showed the highest inhibition against Porphyromonas gingivalis (22.98 mm). Minimal adverse effects on denture properties were observed, with no significant deterioration over six months.
Conclusion: Herbal denture cleansers, particularly those derived from Ocimum sanctum and Aloe barbadensis miller, exhibit promising antimicrobial efficacy and are potential eco-friendly alternatives to conventional chemical cleansers, with minimal impact on denture properties.
A Case-Report on Double Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (DN NMOSD)
Authors: K Divya Dharshini. , M Nivethitha.
Published: February 2025

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, formerly known as neuromyelitis optica or Devic's disease, affects roughly 0.3 to 4.4 individuals per 100,000. NMOSD is a peculiar inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that manifests clinically as optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and specific brainstem and brain-inside syndrome. Here we presented a 55-year-old patient who had been normal months prior to developing numbness of the right half of the face and a history of swaying to the right side. He initially received treatment elsewhere with a five-day course of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, resulting in symptom improvement. However, three months later, he experienced a recurrence and came for further management after receiving a second pulse of steroids. The investigations revealed left-sided facial nerve involvement, sensory loss, and impaired joint position sense and vibration sense in the toes, positive Romberg's sign, and gait ataxia. The magnetic resonance imaging showed T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesions, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis supported a possible diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. However, the absence of serum Aquaporin-4 and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein antibodies complicates the diagnosis. The patient was treated effectively for the condition with appropriate glycemic control and is under monitoring for recurrence and progression for any modifications in the treatment as needed. This case highlights the complexity of diagnosing the disease, especially in the context of negative antibody tests, and underscores the need for careful differentiation from other central nervous system disorders.
Effect of Rosemary Leaf Ethanol Extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on Arginase-1 and Tumor Suppressor P53 Expression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Male Wistar Strain Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) Induced By p-Dimethylamino benzaldehyde (DMBA)
Authors: Adnyaswari Dewa Ayu Made , Indrayani Agung Wiwiek , Artini I Gusti Ayu , Ernawati Desak Ketut , Trapika I Gusti Made Gede Surya Candra , Sriwidyani Ni Putu , Arijana I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman
Published: February 2025

Aims: Tumor Suppressor p53 is a frequent research target to further understand the mechanisms of cancer development and the pathogenesis of cancer. Arginase-1 may also be a potential prognosis predictor for HCC patients, and also be a new target for HCC treatment. This research aims to scientifically test whether the administration of ethanol extract from Rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) inhibits the increase in Arginase-1 and inhibits the increase in Tumor Suppressor p53 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats (Rattus norvegicus L) Male Wistar induced by p -Dimethylamino Benzaldehyde (DMBA).
Study Design:  This study used an in vivo laboratory test method. This study employed true experimental laboratories to evaluate the effects of rosemary leaf extract.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology and Therapy and Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, between December 2023 to July 2024.
Methodology: Wistar rats were induced with p-Dimethylamino Benzaldehyde (DMBA) and treated with varying doses of ethanol extract from rosemary leaves (200 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW, and 800 mg/kg BW). A control group was included, and the experiment was replicated five times. Hepatocellular carcinoma in liver tissue samples was evaluated through immunohistochemistry for Arginase-1 and Tumor Suppressor p53 expression. Interpretation of immunoreactivity was based on Histochemical scoring (H-score) assessment.
Results: The results showed that the ethanol extract of rosemary leaves inhibited the decrease in Tumor Suppressor p53 expression in the DMBA-treated group. Significant increases in p53 expression were observed at doses of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg BW. One-way ANOVA of the immunohistochemical tests for Arginase-1 and p53 revealed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.05). The ethanol extract of rosemary leaves demonstrated a potential to inhibit the decrease in Tumor Suppressor p53 expression but did not significantly affect the expression of Arginase-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats induced by p-Dimethylamino Benzaldehyde (DMBA).
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of rosemary leaves could not inhibit the increase in arginase-1 expression and inhibit the decrease in tumor suppressor p53 of hepatocellular carcinoma in male Wistar rats induced by p-Dimethylamino benzaldehyde (DMBA).
Design, Development and Optimization of a Robotic Weed Control System for Greenhouses
Authors: Heravi Amid
Published: February 2025

This study presents the design and development of a robotic prototype specifically engineered for weed elimination within cucumber plants growing in greenhouse conditions. Given the limited research in automated weed control tailored to cucumber cultivation, this project fills a crucial gap in agricultural robotics. The cucumber plants are arranged in a single row, maintaining a spacing of approximately 40 cm between each plant, while the rows themselves are positioned about 1 meter apart. The greenhouse environment features sandy loam soil, which informs the robot's design and operational parameters. The robot employs three arrays of ultrasonic sensors strategically positioned to enhance weed detection capabilities. A PIC18 F4550-E/P microcontroller serves as the processing unit, enabling real-time feedback from the sensors that triggers the actuation of a robotic arm. This arm is engineered to maneuver between plant rows, utilizing rotating blades for efficient weed cutting. A comprehensive experimental procedure was conducted, comprising 54 trials within the greenhouse setting, to optimize the performance of the robotic arm. Key variables investigated included arm motor (AM) speed, blade rotation (BR) speed, and blade design. The research tested three BR speeds—3500, 2500, and 1500 RPM—determined based on prior literature concerning rotary movers. Furthermore, two AM speeds (10 and 30 RPM) paired with three distinct blade designs—S-shaped, triangular, and circular—were evaluated primarily for their cost-efficiency and performance based on initial testing outcomes. Results revealed a significant correlation between motor speed and weed cutting efficiency, showing that higher motor speeds correlated with a decreased percentage of cut weeds. Consequently, the 10 RPM motor speed was identified as the optimal setting for arm movement, balancing effective weed removal with operational efficiency.
A Density Functional Theory Insight into Structural, Mechanical, and Optical Properties of Rb2LiTlF6 Double Perovskite
Authors: Rugut Elkana K. , Maluta Nnditshedzeni E. , Maphanga Regina R. , Mapasha Refilwe E. , Kirui Joseph K.
Published: February 2024

The density functional theory (DFT) is applied to systematically investigate the geometrical structure, electronic, mechanical, vibrational, and optical properties of double perovskite Rb2LiTlF6 in its cubic phase. To the best of one's knowledge, many physical properties of this compound are still not well established or not yet investigated; such as phonon properties, mechanical behavior, thermal properties, and so on. In this work, the stability of Rb2LiTlF6 is explored by looking at its thermodynamical behavior through calculation of formation energy, cohesive energy, Goldschmidt tolerance factor, and phonon dispersion. Its mechanical properties are examined based on various characterization descriptors such as the independent elastic coefficients, bulk, shear, and Young's modulus, ratios such as Pugh and Poisson's, Kleinnman parameter, Zener anisotropy factor, Debye temperature, and melting temperature. Sound velocity in this material is predicted from the values of the bulk and shear modulus obtained. Thermal expansion coefficient at finite temperatures are obtained using the approach of quasi‐harmonic approximation. Its electronic property is also investigated using generalized gradient approximation and also hybrid functionals. At a later stage, its optical behavior upon the effect of light excitation is explored using the many body pertubation theory approximation. Having envisioned this material as a wide band gap semiconductor, it can be useful in numerous applications such as designing the top‐cell of tandem photovoltaic configuration, photodetection, and light emitting diodes. It is strongly believed that this work will provide a helpful guidance for future experimental and theoretical investigations of this material.
Emerging Opportunities for Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistors: Integration of 2D Materials
Authors: Yang Fang , Ng Hong Kuan , Ju Xin , Cai Weifan , Cao Jing , Chi Dongzhi , Suwardi Ady , Hu Guangwei , Ni Zhenhua , Wang Xiao Renshaw , Lu Junpeng , Wu Jing
Published: February 2024

The rapid development in information technologies necessitates rapid advancements of their supporting hardware. In particular, new computing paradigms are needed to overcome the bottleneck of traditional von Neumann architecture. Bottom‐up innovation, especially at the materials and devices level, has the potential to disrupt existing technologies through their emergent phenomena. As a new type of conceptual device, 2D ferroelectric field‐effect transistor (FeFET) is highly sought after due to its potential integration with modern semiconductor processes. Its low power consumption, area efficiency, and ultra‐fast operation provide an extra edge over traditional technologies. This review highlights recent developments in 2D FeFET, covering their device construction, working mechanisms, 2D ferroelectric polarization mechanism, multi‐functional applications and prospects. In particular, the combination of 2D semiconductor and ferroelectric dielectric materials for multi‐functionality applications is discussed. This includes non‐volatile memories (NVM), neural network computing, non‐volatile logic operation, and photodetectors. As a novel device platform, 2D semiconductor and ferroelectric interfaces are bestowed with a plethora of emergent physical mechanisms and applications.
Nanozyme‐based Clusterphene for Enhanced Electrically Catalytic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yue Zhengya , Li Jialun , Tang Minglu , Sun Tiedong , Chen Chunxia , Wu Zhiguang
Published: February 2024

Nanozyme mediated catalytic therapy is an attractive strategy for cancer therapy. However, the nanozymes are tended to assemble into 3D architectures, resulting in poor catalytic efficiency for therapy. This study designs the assembly of nanozymes and natural enzymes into the layered structures featuring hexagonal pores as nanozyme clusterphene and investigates their catalytic therapy with the assistance of electric field. The nanozyme‐based clusterphene consists of polyoxometalate (POM) and natural glucose oxidase (GOx), named POMG‐based clusterphene, which facilitate multi‐enzyme activities including peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione oxidase (GPx). The highly ordered layers with hexagonal pores of POMG units significantly improve the peroxidase‐like (POD‐like) activity of the nanozyme and thus the sustained production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At the same time, GOx can increase endogenous H2O2 and produce gluconic acid while consuming glucose, the nutrient of tumor cell growth. The results indicate that the POD‐like activity of POMG‐based clusterphene increase approximately sevenfold under electrical stimulation compared with Nd‐substituted keggin type POM cluster (NdPW11). The experiments both in vitro and in vivo show that the proposed POMG‐based clusterphene mediated cascade catalytic therapy is capable of efficient tumor inhibiting and preventing tumor proliferation in tumor‐bearing mice model, promising as an excellent candidate for catalytic therapy.