bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT USING THE BALANCED SCORECARD METHOD
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Salim Agus , Tonis Marian , Handoko Bobi
Published: March 2024

Background : Performance measurement plays a major role in the world of organizations, one of which is hospitals, due to the performance appraisal it can be seen the effectiveness of determining a strategy and its implementation within a certain period of time.

Objective: The research objective was to determine the performance of Madani Hospital in Pekanbaru City using the Balanced Scorecard method.

Method : The research was conducted using a quantitative method.

Result : The results showed that the performance of Madani Hospital Pekanbaru City in terms of customers showed that inpatients expressed satisfaction with the services provided, although there were several indicators that were unsatisfactory, while from a financial perspective the economic ratios, efficiency and effectiveness were generally good, then the internal business perspective of the performance of RSD Madani Pekanbaru City can be seen from the ratios of BOR, ALOS, TOI, and BTO which show results that are not ideal values. From the ratio of GDR and NDR which shows good results, it means that the ratio of GDR and NDR in Pekanbaru City Hospital is ideal according to the provisions of the Directorate General of Community Health and Medical Services.

Conclusion : Then the results of the study using the Balanced Scorecard approach can be concluded that the performance of Madani Hospital in Pekanbaru City with a score of 0.09 is included in the "Enough" category.
THE ROLE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT CADRES IN EFFORTS TO PREVENT STUNTING
Authors: Alam Syamsul , Rusmin Muhammad , Aswadi Aswadi , Syafri Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Backround: The existence of village development cadres is

expected to be the spearhead in efforts to control and prevent stunting, as is done by Jeneponto Regency which targets a 19% reduction in stunting prevalence from 48.8% in 2018 to 2023.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the role of Human Development Cadres (KPM) in stunting prevention efforts in Jeneponto Regency, Indonesia, and analyze changes in stunting prevalence before and after the existence of KPM.

Method: The research method used was qualitative with a descriptive approach, involving KPM as the main informant.

Result: The results show that the majority of KPM have carried out their duties, including socializing the stunting prevention convergence policy, collecting data on 1,000 HPK household targets, monitoring stunting prevention services, and coordinating with various parties. Despite this, there are still some KPM who have not fully carried out their duties. In addition, the stunting prevalence data in Jeneponto District shows a decrease from 2019 to 2021, but is still high when compared to the stunting rates at the provincial and national levels.

Conclusion: The majority of KPM have been effective in monitoring nutrition deficiency prevention services for 1,000 targeted HPK households in Jeneponto Regency. Although the prevalence of nutrition deficiency decreased to 37.9% in 2021 from 41.11% in 2019, it remains high compared to the national average. The presence of KPM is expected to aid efforts in reducing nutrition deficiency with a focus on data validation and activity planning at the village level.
Assessing the Relationship between Plant Types Purchased and Consideration of Future Consequences to Generate Marketing Messages for Ornamental Plants1
Authors: Rihn Alicia L. , Knuth Melinda J. , Behe Bridget K. , Hall Charles R.
Published: March 2024

Plants are an integral part of the environment and human health can be improved through people interacting with plants. But do “plant people” care about the environment more than others? Plant purchases may be tied to perceptions of future personal and environmental health. The interface of concern for the environment, personal mental health, and plant purchases has yet to be explored and may hold informative suggestions for marketing strategies. Here, an online survey elicited behavior toward plant purchases, mental health, consideration of future consequences (CFC), plant spending and demographic information. A total of 860 U.S. consumers participated in the study. A probit model assessed the relationship between plant spending, demographics and participants' CFC. Results indicate positive correlations between all of the plant types purchased (e.g., annuals, perennials) and plant spending in 2021 and 2020. Mental health ratings (from 20 statements in the PANAS-X Scales Manual for Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) and high mean scores for future consequences (from a CFC scale) were positively correlated. Purchasing indoor foliage plants improved the probability of being in the high CFC group, while negatively impacting the probability of being in the low CFC group. Purchasing annual plants significantly improved participants’ mental health ratings.
The Political Mobilization of the Christian Community in Malaysia
Authors: Choong Pui Yee
Published: March 2024

Spanning Malaysia’s post-independence period and using the repression-mobilization nexus as a key theoretical framework, this study outlines how its Christian community delicately and simultaneously defends its religious rights without being construed as anti-Islam in the face of state-led “Islamization”. This study charts the changes in the community’s resistance tactics by primarily focusing on the 1980s to the contemporary period while considering subnational differences between East and West Malaysia. It explains why it adopted a non-partisan and non-violent approach despite targeted repression. In outlining the interplay between a minority community’s mobilization and national-level contestation, it focuses especially on the role played by the Christian elites. Additionally, it raises key questions that remain relevant in the study of contentious politics: How do minority communities in semi-democratic contexts protect their rights? What are their options and constraints for resistance? And how do changes in the political environment mould their strategy and resistance tactics?
Hemadsorption extracorporeal therapy removes cytokines ex vivo in horses
Authors: Hobbs Kallie J. , Davis Jennifer L. , Cooper Bethanie L. , Ueda Yu , Burke Megan J. , Sheats M. Katie
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

Plasma cytokine adsorption has shown benefit as an adjunctive therapy in human sepsis but has yet to be investigated in horses. We hypothesized that ex vivo filtration of equine plasma with a novel cytokine adsorption device would significantly reduce concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokines. We also hypothesized that the device would adsorb medications commonly used to treat sepsis.

ANIMALS

8 horses owned by North Carolina State University.

METHODS

Four liters of heparinized whole blood was collected from healthy adult horses (n = 8) and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (100 ng/mL) for 6 hours (37 °C.) from June 4, 2023, to December 15, 2023. Plasma was filtered through a cytokine adsorption device or sham circuit. Samples were collected at 11 time points for multiplex cytokine analysis. Chemistry analysis was performed before and after filtration. To investigate the impact of the device on medication concentrations, equine plasma containing potassium penicillin, gentamicin, and flunixin meglumine was filtered through the cytokine adsorption device or sham for 6 hours. Drug concentrations before and after filtration were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography. Prefiltration versus postfiltration sample concentrations were analyzed by Student paired t test using GraphPad Prism 9.0 (P < .05).

RESULTS

Filtration of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated equine plasma (n = 8) for 6 hours resulted in significant mean reductions in the cytokines IL-10, IL-5, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-1β, as well as albumin. Drug concentrations of potassium penicillin, gentamicin, and flunixin meglumine were also significantly reduced by filtration.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

This work provides proof of concept for further investigation of extracorporeal cytokine adsorption as a potential adjunct treatment for equine sepsis.
Effect of holder pasteurization and storage of donor human milk on Bacillus cereus survival
Authors: Strom Kamila , Jarzynka Sylwia , Minkiewicz-Zochniak Anna , Wesolowska Aleksandra , Oledzka Gabriela
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Human milk, which constitutes the best composed nutrition for infants, is not a sterile biofluid. Besides nutritional and bioactive components, many microorganisms have been found in human milk, including Bacillus cereus. Those pathogenic bacteria can be responsible for causing pneumonia or septicemia in neonates. Although Bacillus cereus infections are not common, they represent one of the increasing factors of a high mortality rate in the preterm infants group. Donor human milk (DHM) may be a significant source of this pathogen.

Materials and Methods

Given the high ability of Bacillus cereus spores to survive under different thermal conditions, we tested the effect of the holder pasteurization and storage points (4 °C and −21 °C) on sporulation and vegetative forms’ survival in inoculated human milk samples by culture method and light microscopy.

Results

Studies confirmed that holder pasteurization is effective against vegetative forms of Bacillus cereus. Additionally, during storage endospores were observed in all analyzed inoculated donor milk samples, both the pasteurized and unpasteurized samples, thus possibly promoting the occurrence of Bacillus cereus in DHM.

Conclusions

Bacillus cereus is considered a contamination in DHM and in the human milk banks’ (HMB) environment. There is a need to further develop methods of identifying, transmitting, and preventing bacteria forming spores, which could be applied in HMB.
Key Performance Indicators in Occupational Health and Safety of Hospitals: A systematic review with meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Farantos Georgios I. , Dounias Georgios
Published: March 2024

Objective: The purpose for conducting the review is to examine studies which have been carried out on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in hospitals using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). We will determine if these studies take into account institutional categories.

Introduction: The developing application of KPIs in hospitals takes into account some particular conditions for OHS in the health sector. The application of KPIs in OHS of hospitals is connected to institutional directives for OHS. We will determine if these studies take into account institutional categories such as Protective and Preventive Services (PPS), Risk Assessment (RA) and Management Systems (OHSMS).

Inclusion criteria: We will include studies which use KPIs in the evaluation of OHS in hospitals, (those related directly and indirectly to OHS). We exclude the following categories of study: Studies which use KPIs in hospital evaluations, but which are not oriented to OHS and studies which include KPIs in evaluating various organizations but not exclusively hospitals.

Methods: We will conduct electronic searches for eligible studies within each of the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Heal-link, Google Scholar. With the help of the JBI tool and using inclusion/exclusion criteria, two independent reviewers will determine which studies will be selected or not. Those studies which fulfill the inclusion criteria will be subjected to a post analysis data procedure. We intend to use mixed methods and workflow software.

Results (as expected outcomes): Examination of the relationship between KPIs in OHS of hospitals and the institutional representations for OHS, using the Data Analysis methods.

Conclusions: The conclusions will depend on the results of the relationship between KPIs in OHS of hospitals and the institutional representations.
Comparative analysis of soil nematode biodiversity from five different fruit orchards in Osmaneli district, Bilecik, Türkiye
Authors: Çakmak Taylan
Published: March 2024

Nematode population densities were determined in 60 soil and root samples collected from 6 fruit orchards in the Bilecik province (western Turkey), between April 2022 and June 2022. The total number of identified nematodes have reached up to 2418 individuals (number of female: 1036; male: 154; and juvenile: 1228). They belong to 54 species, 54 genera, 33 families and 11 orders. Plant parasitic nematodes that were detected mostly are listed as follows: Helicotylenchus (6,12 %), Pratylenchus (5,74 %), Paratylenchus (4.83 %), Xiphinema (3,06 %), Tylenchorhynchus (2,19 %), Malenchus (1.94 %) and Tylenchus (1.19 %). According to the maturity index analysis, mean values showed the highest maturity level at peach trees (MI value: 3,52), followed by; walnut trees (MI value: 2.49), cherry trees (MI value: 2.15), nectarine trees (MI value: 1.86), plum trees (MI value: 1.57), and olive trees (MI value: 1.42). Mostly the diverse group in terms of species richness was within the order Dorylaimida. The nematodes associated with peach and walnut trees here showed the most stable environments in terms of soil nematode community structure.
The phenomenon of Peatmass Change and Its Impact on Water Level in The Regenerated Melaleuca Forest Following a Fire Incident in U Minh Thuong National Park, Vietnam
Authors: Thai Luom Thanh , Dinh Quang Minh , Tran Thang Van , Le Khai Van
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The study was conducted in U Minh Thuong National Park to address forest regeneration.
 
Theoretical framework: After a major forest fire in Vietnam, various measures were taken to promote forest regeneration, including afforestation, silvicultural solutions, and hydrological techniques such as rainwater storage to maintain humidity and prevent future fires.
 
Method: Using a drill hand to collect samples at 15 plots to understand forest growth on three thickness levels of a pea. Each site to collect samples is three; each sample was one kg and coded a member of the site as UTM1, UTM2, UTM3, then gets to the Southern Institute of Forestry Science laboratory for analysis.
 
Results and conclusion: There was a relationship between peat chemical indicators and the evolution of the Melaleuca forest. Peat thickness and flooding regime significantly influenced the growth of the Melaleuca forest, while another identified a relationship between peat chemical indicators and forest growth. Peat water's chemical composition changed considerably during the rainy and dry seasons, with nutrient content and pH affecting forest growth. Peat thickness and flooding regime were essential in regulating forest growth. These studies highlight the importance of considering multiple factors, such as peat thickness and chemical properties, when developing effective forest restoration strategies.
 
Implications of the research: By understanding the relationship between peat thickness, chemical properties, and forest growth, forest managers can develop targeted strategies to promote regeneration while minimizing negative impacts on biodiversity.
 
Originality/value: This study explores the relationship between peat thickness, chemical properties, and forest growth in forest regeneration after major fires. It integrates forestry, ecology, and hydrology to provide a holistic understanding of vegetation dynamics and the importance of peatlands in forest regeneration.
ESL Learning Environment for B40 Primary School Pupils: Issues, Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Mohamad Maslawati , Magasvaran Vanisa , Salwana Bity , Jamaludin Khairul Azhar
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions of low-income parents and pupils in a primary school on improving the current policy management with regard to financial assistance, and other related aids to improve students’ academic performance including the English Language.
 
Method/design/approach: A case study qualitative study design was employed. Data was collected by a semi-structured individual interview involving 40 pupils from Sarawak, Malaysia. The data from the interview responses were triangulated using observation and document analysis. The data gathered was analysed thematically.
 
Results and conclusion: The findings were divided into three themes which are the Current Policy for B40 pupils in Improving ESL Learning, the challenges faced and the support that pupils require to improve ESL Learning. The findings indicate that parents face difficulties meeting the pupils’ demands at school, which go beyond fundamental necessities that include providing adequate updated resources to assist 21st-century education, mental and emotional support for today’s generation. B40 pupils are concerned with demanding resources such as devices connected to the internet, reference books in English and motivational workshops. The limitations of B40 pupils are more apparent now, due to vast technological advancements in education.
 
Research implications: This study could assist the relevant authority in developing a policy on managing support to B40 households for educational purposes by producing a new outline to assist B40 in the education atmosphere nowadays.
 
Originality/value: This study explores low-income parents and pupils' perceptions of educational support policies in Sarawak, Malaysia, focusing on ESL learning. It provides insights into challenges faced by B40 households, offering recommendations for policy development and improved educational outcomes.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Pendukung Kesiapan Bisnis Sekolah Indonesia Kota Kinabalu
Authors: Pangastuti Palupi Melati , Adi Sunu Prasetya , Rahmayanti Ifada
Published: March 2024

Siswa SMK Sekolah Indonesia Kota Kinabalu (SIKK) setelah lulus ada yang melanjutkan kuliah, bekerja dan berwirausaha. Di sekolah terdapat unit produksi berupa kantin tempat siswa SMK jurusan kuliner praktik wirausaha. Kantin sekolah melayani makan untuk sekitar 1100 siswa dan guru. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah sampai saat ini belum ada produk kuliner unggulan dari sekolah dan keterbatasan peralatan produksi. Selain itu kurangnya pengetahuan yang mendukung kesiapan wirausaha siswa yaitu pengelolaan keuangan dan digital marketing. Pembekalan wirausaha untuk siswa dipandang sangat penting supaya siswa dapat jeli menangkap peluang yang ada. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini untuk memberikan tambahan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang mendukung kesiapan wirausaha siswa SMK SIKK khususnya jurusan kuliner dan perhotelan. Metode pelaksanaan melalui ceramah, tugas mandiri secara daring, praktik dan diskusi secara luring. Hasil pelatihan berupa produk frozen food olahan ikan kembung (Rastrelliger sp.) yaitu kaki naga dan rolade ikan, produk camilan stik tulang ikan, foto produk dan media promosi online. Dampak kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa yang bisa menjadi bekal mereka untuk wirausaha. Juga tambahan peralatan di unit produksi sebagai tempat praktik siswa.

 Kata Kunci: rolade ikan, stik tulang ikan, kesiapan wirausaha, Sekolah Indonesia Kota Kinabalu
Pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Kawasan Pesisir Sumenep Berorientasi Kemampuan Literasi Lingkungan
Authors: Safitri Alifia
Published: March 2024

Permasalahan lingkungan, terutama sampah dan polusi, yang memicu terjadinya pemanasan global menjadi salah satu isu lingkungan global terbesar saat ini. Penelitian yang dilakukan di kawasan pesisir Sumenep mengenai permasalahan sampah di pantai dan aliran sungai menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran lingkungan masyarakat masih sulit untuk diubah disebabkan oleh pandangan dan kebiasaan kultural yang berlangsung sejak lama. Upaya meningkatkan kemampuan literasi lingkungan menjadi penting untuk dilakukan sejak usia sekolah. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi lingkungan siswa melalui pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), pada materi yang berkaitan dengan lingkungan. Metode pengabdian adalah dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran kontekstual, yang memasukkan kondisi dan permasalahan sampah di sekitar tempat tinggal siswa sebagai bagian dari materi pelajaran. Pembelajaran dilakukan dalam tiga tahap yaitu (1) Penjelasan, (2) Observasi lingkungan dan (3) Diskusi. Penerapan instrumen pengukuran literasi lingkungan menghasilkan data bahwa terjadi peningkatan literasi lingkungan siswa pada aspek pengetahuan, namun tidak terjadi peningkatan pada dua aspek yang lain yaitu keterampilan kognitif dan karakter (sensitivitas dan kepedulian).
La actitud y el perfil psicológico emprendedor como instrumentos clave del ecosistema en las IES
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Fernández Ruiz Silvestre , Cervantes Rosales José Ruperto ,   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Flores Hernández María Luisa ,   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Huepa Onofre Rosa ,   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
Published: March 2024

Factores como el desempleo, la inflación, el aumento de la población afectada por el virus SARS-COV-2, entre otros, impactan tanto de manera global como local en el bienestar de las personas, teniendo como resultado el incremento del nivel de pobreza en la población, el acceso al servicio a la salud precario o deficiente en algunas comunidades, la baja posibilidad del poder adquisitivo de los bienes para satisfacer las necesidades básicas, entre otros, situación que obliga a determinar el proceder de los diferentes actores económicos. Por lo mencionado con anterioridad y con la finalidad de poder disminuir tales efectos, la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas adopta para la agenda 2030, el desarrollo sostenible. En ella se establecen metas que deben llevar a cabo los países que pertenecen a esta organización, con el objetivo de generar una recuperación económica más ágil y sostenible. Una de estas metas determina que parte de la solución proviene de la participación de las Instituciones de Educación Superior a través de la educación, la cual debe proporcionar a los estudiantes conocimientos exigidos por el campo laboral actual para obtener un trabajo decente, así como apoyar institucionalmente a crear profesionistas con competencias y experiencias previas dentro de un ecosistema emprendedor, considerando diversas variables que inciden en la actitud emprendedora de los mismos. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia en el modelo propuesto de las variables de Apoyo institucional y Perfil psicológico en el Perfil actitud para emprender, obtenidos de un cuestionario como instrumento de medición de cuarenta y cuatro ítems, aplicado a los estudiantes de los últimos semestres del sistema escolarizado de la licenciatura de Contaduría Pública de la Facultad de Contaduría Pública de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla del periodo comprendido entre el 3 de enero y 20 de mayo de 2022, los resultados se analizaron estadísticamente por medio de ecuaciones estructurales encontrando que los constructos denominados Apoyo institucional y Perfil psicológico tienen un impacto positivo en la actitud emprendedora y que las IES deben considerar realizar un diagnóstico que visualice el perfil psicológico de los estudiantes para establecer las estrategias pertinentes en la esfera de la educación, que permitan implementar un ecosistema emprendedor, en donde los conocimientos teóricos se apliquen de manera práctica como talleres, hackathon, intercambios virtuales, entre otros.
A novel role of NK3 receptor signaling in bipolar disorder
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yu Linyao , Shi Yaoqin , Zhang Yingtian , Xu Min , Xu Yang , Li Chunmei , Tian Jingwei
Published: March 2024

Objective: Bipolar disorder (BD) affects more than 1% of the global population with limited therapeutic options. The neurokinin B (NKB)-neurokinin B receptor (NK3R) is involved in a variety of emotional activities. This study explored the role of NK3 receptor signaling in bipolar disorder.Materials and methods: In this study, a model of intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of OUA-induced BD was used to investigate the possible role of NK3R signaling in BD. The involvement of NK3R in the expression of OUA-induced BD was assessed by genetically knocking down the NK3R-encoding TACR3 gene with shRNA approach in the hippocampus and systemic administration of a NK3R antagonist ESN364,. Biochemical techniques were used to examine the NK3R-associated signaling changes and the oxidative stress parameters in the hippocampus of BD rats.Result: The NK3R expression level was elevated in the hippocampus BD rats. Both TACR3 knockdown in the hippocampus and ESN364 treatment reversed the manic-like and depression-like behaviors in BD rats Inhibition of the NK3R signaling reversed oxidative stress-induced damage via upregulating the BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that NK3R signaling plays a key role in the pathogenesis of BD and that pharmacological antagonist of NK3R such as ESN364 could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of BD.
Bolsas gigantes de geotextil, aplicación en la ingeniería de obras de infraestructura en Colombia
Authors: Cruz-Velasco Lucio G. , Obando-Ante Jaime R. , Schamalbach-Triana Joshua
Published: March 2024

Dentro de las estructuras de retención o contención, usadas ampliamente en la infraestructura vial, existe una gama amplia de posibilidades, como son las estructuras de gravedad convencionales (gaviones, criba, etc.), reforzadas, embebidas, anclajes, suelo estabilizado mecánicamente, entre otras. Dentro de ellas también, se encuentran las bolsas gigantes de geotextil, las cuales funcionan por gravedad usando material de relleno del sitio y demostrando un buen rendimiento ante la protección contra la erosión fluvial, marítima y en obras de protección o de contención para vías. Este artículo presenta la versatilidad de las bolsas gigantes de geotextil en la infraestructura vial, en la estabilización de terraplenes, taludes; y control de erosión fluvial y costera. Se presenta como estudio de caso a la zona de Bengala (kilómetro 21 de la vía Garzón – Neiva) y Túnel de Crespo (Cartagena – Colombia). La metodología utilizada para evaluar la evolución de la mejora con la intervención de bolsas gigantes de geotextil se realiza mediante el reporte de diseño, ejecución, seguimiento y control de la geometría del sitio de estudio. Las zonas intervenidas con bolsas de geotextil gigante presentan un comportamiento efectivo en la estabilidad del terreno, en el control de erosión y en la recuperación geométrica. A nivel cualitativo se logra evidenciar el proceso de restauración y estabilización de la costa y talud afectados, gracias a la intervención con bolsas de geotextil gigantes. A nivel cuantitativo se aprecia la estabilidad a largo plazo y la recuperación geométrica de las zonas intervenidas.
Evaluation of the use of polylactic acid in 3d printing for the construction of an unmanned aerial vehicle in the department of cordoba
Authors: Sofán-Germán Stiven J. , Racero-Galaraga Diego A. , Rhenals-Julio Jesús D. , Rentería-Peláez Jorge L. , Jiménez-López Julissa
Published: March 2024

The use of polylactic acid (PLA) in the technology of fused deposition modeling (FDM), better known as 3D printing, to create all kinds of parts, from prototypes and simple pieces to highly technical end products, is a significant contender due to its wide range of properties compared to other petrochemical-based composite materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of polylactic acid (PLA) for the construction of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) through 3D printing. Power and force calculations for the UAV were performed, and a structural analysis using SolidWorks software was conducted to calculate maximum and minimum stresses and determine optimal manufacturing parameters. Additionally, an aerodynamic analysis using ANSYS software was carried out to determine the drag coefficient and the forces acting on the UAV. It was found that the force exerted by the motors on the arms is 13,63 N, and the power is 536 N. In the structural analysis, it was determined that the minimum stresses are located in the chassis arms, while the maximum stresses are found where the chassis is attached, with a value of 6,604 MPa and a safety factor of 3,23. In the aerodynamic analysis, a drag force of 1 N and a flight power of 108,44 N were calculated. The UAV achieved a flight height of 48 m and a flight autonomy of 17 minutes, concluding that 3D printing technology is a viable and cost-effective alternative.
Investigating the Affordances of an Open Education Resource for Supporting Teachers’ Use of Pre-reading Strategies in Primary School Language Classrooms
Authors: Burger Marina , Zwane Duduzile , Sanders Debbie , Miller-Weber Kim Claire
Published: March 2024

Background: In South African primary schools, reading is an integral part of the language curriculum and is taught as a three-step process. However, the ability of many learners to read with comprehension is limited, with lasting effects on reading proficiency and overall academic achievement. A literature review confirmed that the first step in the reading process, pre-reading, is critical to establishing reading comprehension. The aims of the pre-reading step are to activate prior knowledge, build vocabulary, and enhance meta-cognition. Open education resources (OERs) are mostly in digital format and adhere to the “four Rs” of openness: re-use, revise, remix, and redistribute.

Objective: To investigate the take-up of an OER designed to support teachers and to improve pre-reading instruction.

Methods: Using a qualitative, multiple-case design, 14 language teachers were purposively selected. The OER was designed to be accessible and useful to teachers. Teachers’ implementation of the OER was established through interviews, and thematic analysis was used to derive meaning from the data.

Results: The OER enabled the teachers to implement the pre-reading step using various activities. They were able to re-use and revise the OER for specific contexts and learners’ needs, but did little remixing and redistributing. The OER’s usefulness depended largely on its accessibility. Use of the OER resulted in more engaging reading lessons. A critical finding was the teachers’ affirmation of the importance of learners’ background knowledge for successful reading with comprehension. Findings suggest that teachers value accessible OERs but need support in using, remixing and redistributing them.

Conclusion: The successful use of an OER and its contribution to improved teaching and learning depend on its design and accessibility. Of the five pre-reading steps included in the OER, learners’ background knowledge and vocabulary learning received most attention from the teachers. The limited attention they gave to language structures, verbal reasoning and literacy knowledge needs further investigation. Teachers are likely to benefit from professional development opportunities that focus on using OERs optimally—particularly with reference to remixing and redistributing them.
Blood pressure cut-offs to diagnose impending hypertensive emergency depend on previous hypertension-mediated organ damage and comorbid conditions
Authors: KORACEVIC GORAN , STOJANOVIC MILOVAN , LOVIC DRAGAN , KOSTIC TOMISLAV , TOMASEVIC MILOJE , MARTINOVIC SONJA SALINGER , ZDRAVKOVIC SNEZANA CIRIC , KORACEVIC MAJA , STOJANOVIC VLADIMIR
Published: March 2024

Background

Hypertensive emergencies (HTN-E) are important due to a high risk of mortality. However, a sudden increase in blood pressure (BP) can damage target organs before the BP reaches cut-offs to diagnose HTN-E. We (i) analyse HTN guidelines for recommendations of treatment individualization, such as adjusting BP cut-offs for hypertensive urgency or impending HTN-E according to patient’s susceptibility to complications (because of previous hypertension-mediated organ damage [HMOD], cardiovascular events and comorbid conditions), and (ii) provide a rationale for the inclusion of patient’s susceptibility in protocols for treatment of acute HTN-E.

Methods

We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Springer, Oxford Press, Wiley, SAGE and Google Scholar for the following terms: arterial hypertension, impending, emergency, target organ damage, hypertension-mediated organ damage, and comorbidity.

Results

The available guidelines do not recommend that when we estimate the probability of HTN-E in a patient with very high BP, we take into account not only the ‘aggressive factor’ (i.e. history of HTN, absolute BP values and rate of its increase), but also the ‘vulnerability of the patient’ due to previous major adverse cardio-vascular events, HMOD and comorbid conditions.

Conclusion

The risk does not depend only on the aggressiveness of the health threat but also on the strength of the host’s defence. It is, therefore, surprising that one side of the natural interaction (i.e. susceptibility of a patient) is overlooked in almost all available guidelines on HTN.
Correlates of loneliness and dissatisfaction following SARS pandemic lockdown: Child and parent perspective
Authors: SHARMA RAJNI , GHAI BABITA , SAINI LOKESH , JAIN ADITI , KUMAR KRISHAN , BRAR RUBINDERJIT SINGH , SINGH SHUBH MOHAN , SURI VIKAS , YADAV JAIVINDER , MOHINDRA RITIN , GUPTA NITIN
Published: March 2024

Background

Studying loneliness among children is important because it causes much social pain and is considered to be a risk factor for many mental and physical problems.

Methods

We did an online survey between July and September 2020 among students and their parents from a cluster of government and private schools chosen from north, south, east and west of Chandigarh. The survey consisted of child and parent versions of the Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire, Parent–Child Relationship (PCR) Questionnaire and Conflict Behaviour Questionnaire SF. Parental distress was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21.

Results

The majority of children and parent participants reported high loneliness and dissatisfaction among children. A significant positive association was found between children and parent reported loneliness and dissatisfaction, and between child reported PCR and parent perception of PCR. A child’s appraisal of her loneliness had a significant negative association with depression among parents. Parent’s perception of child loneliness and dissatisfaction was negatively associated with PCR and parental anxiety. High loner boys reported poor quality of relationship and more conflicts with their parents than girls. Children who share cordial relations with their parents had fewer conflicts and also scored low on loneliness.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the issue of loneliness and dissatisfaction among children has attained epidemic proportions in the Covid-19 era, and active interventions are needed to safeguard the mental health of children. Our study emphasizes the need to plan guidance strategies with a joint effort of schools and families to strengthen within family relations of children.
Use of High-Frequency Electrical Stimulation in Gastrocutaneous Fistula Closure: A Case Report
Authors: Silva-Mendoza Diego , Joule Dylan , Lavor Michael , Weiner Matthew
Published: March 2024

Background. Gastrocutaneous fistula is a rare complication following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, a commonly performed bariatric surgery. While most ECFs respond to conservative management, some do not close despite adequate nutritional support, infection source control, and drainage management. As such, the chronicity of these difficult-to-treat wounds can be physically and economically costly to patients. Case Report. A 53-year-old female with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass developed a gastrocutaneous fistula secondary to a perforated gastrojejunal ulcer, requiring immediate surgical intervention. After being discharged from the hospital, 37 days of conservative management and NPWT did not reduce the size of the fistula tract. To help control the patient’s chronic abdominal pain and increase the rate of wound healing, the patient underwent treatment with HFES (20 kHz) delivered using a handheld transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator. This electrotherapy was found to reduce the majority of the patient’s pain within the first treatment session. The patient's fistula also began to decrease in size within 1 week of initiating treatment. Conclusion. This case report details the successful closure of a gastrocutaneous fistula after administration of HFES 3 times a week over the course of 25 days. The mechanism of action of HFES and its role in the wound healing process are also discussed.
An Investigation of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of a Nonwoven CMC PHMB Dressing and the Ability of the Dressing to Absorb Wound Slough
Authors: Griffiths Cerys , Oakes Emily , Cook Daniel , Salmon Lynne , Lawton Alex
Published: March 2024

Objective. To conduct an in vitro investigation into the slough absorption and retention attributes of a gelling fiber dressing composed of CMC fibers and PHMB (Dressing A), and to assess its antimicrobial efficacy under compression. Materials and Methods. Dressing A is indicated for use with secondary dressings or bandaging, and conditions that replicate this compression element were applied. Dressing A was compared with 5 other dressings. Antimicrobial efficacy testing was conducted over a 7-day challenge period. Results. Dressing A absorbed an average of 33 g/100 cm2 per sample of viscous solution, 28% more than the other dressings tested. A greater than or equal to 6-log reduction of all microorganisms tested was achieved within 168 hours with Dressing A. Conclusion. The CMC PHMB gelling fiber dressing is able to absorb and retain viscous solutions (simulated slough). The antimicrobial efficacy of the dressing under compression was demonstrated by total eradication of all microorganisms tested.
Experience with exon 45 skipping therapy in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Артемьева С.Б. , Белоусова Е.Д. , Влодавец Д.В. , Кузенкова Л.М. , Михайлова С.В. , Подклетнова Т.В. , Попович С.Г. , Увакина Е.В. , Усачева Е.Л.
Published: March 2024

Прогрессирующая мышечная дистрофия Дюшенна (ПМД Дюшенна) является наиболее распространенным нервно-мышечным заболеванием в мире. ПМД Дюшенна относится к группе так называемых дистрофинопатий, связанных с мутациями в гене DMD, наследуется по Х-сцепленному рецессивному типу и обусловлена либо полным отсутствием белка дистрофина, либо его дефектным синтезом. В настоящее время появилось несколько патогенетических лекарственных препаратов, направленных на восстановление синтеза белка дистрофина. Одним из них является антисмысловой олигонуклеотид касимерсен, работающий по технологии экзон-скиппинга 45 экзона. В статье представлен первый опыт применения препарата касимерсен у 6 пациентов из России, причем пациенты значимо отличались друг от друга по функциональному статусу и имеющимся осложнениям основного заболевания. У всех пациентов применение касимерсена было безопасным, не было выявлено никаких нежелательных явлений, связанных с применением препарата. А у одного из пациентов, находящегося на ранней амбулаторной стадии болезни, которому патогенетическая терапия была инициирована в возрасте 7 лет, констатирована выраженная положительная динамика в виде прироста дистанции на 140 метров по результатам 6-минутного теста ходьбы и увеличения на 10 баллов по шкале «Северная Звезда».

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common neuromuscular disease in the world. DMD belongs to the group of so-called dystrophinopathies associated with mutations in the DMD gene, is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner and is caused by either the complete absence of the dystrophin protein or its defective synthesis. Currently, several pathogenetic drugs have appeared aimed at restoring the synthesis of the dystrophin protein. One of them is the antisense oligonucleotide casimersen, which works using exon skipping technology of exon 45 in DMD gene. The article presents the first experience of using the drug casimersen in 6 patients from Russia, and the patients differed significantly from each other in functional status and existing complications of the underlying disease. In all patients, the use of casimersen was safe, and no adverse events associated with the use of the drug were identified. And in one of the patients, who was at an early outpatient stage of the disease, for whom pathogenetic therapy was initiated at the age of 7 years, pronounced positive dynamics were noted in the form of an increase in distance by 140 meters according to the results of a 6-minute walking test and an increase of 10 points on the «North Star».
Intramolecular Cyclization and a Retro-Ene Reaction Enable the Rapid Fragmentation of a Vitamin B1-derived Breslow Intermediate
Authors: Grenade Neil , Howe Graeme
Published: March 2024

In solution, analogues of the Breslow intermediate formed during catalysis by benzoylformate decarboxylase (BFDC) undergo rapid, irreversible fragmentation. The ability of BFDC to prevent this reaction and preserve its’ cofactor is a striking example of an enzyme ‘steering’ a reactive intermediate towards a productive pathway. To understand how BFDC suppresses the off-pathway reactivity of this Breslow intermediate, a clear mechanistic understanding of the fragmentation reaction is required. Here, DFT calculations reveal an unexpected mechanism for the solution-phase fragmentation that involves an intramolecular cyclization and a subsequent retro-ene reaction to release the final products. Free energy profiles demonstrate that this pathway is significantly more facile than the previously proposed mechanism that invoked Breslow intermediate enolates as intermediates. Additional computations have been performed to understand why related Breslow intermediates do not undergo analogous fragmentation reactions. Calculations performed with two closely related Breslow intermediates suggest that subtle differences in the relative values of ∆G‡ for protonation and fragmentation dictate whether a given intermediate will fragment or not. These differences and the fragmentation mechanism unveiled in this work have ramifications for the catalytic mechanism of BFDC and other thiamin-dependent enzymes and will provide general lessons related to the control of reactive intermediates by enzymes.
Dynamics of hospital mortality in COVID-19 pandemia
Authors: Gareeva Diana F. , Lakman Irina A. , Agapitov Alexander A. , Sadikova Liana F. , Davtian Paruir A. , Kayumova Valeriia L. , Nurtdinova Guzel M. , Badykova Elena A. , Kurbanov Magomed S. , Idigov Islam R. , Fiedler Lukas , Motloch Lukas-Jaroslaw , Dieplinger Аnna-Maria , Timiryanova Venera M. , Zagudullin Naufal Sh.
Published: March 2024

Background. During the pandemic of coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused by a virus SARS-CoV-2 there has been significant variability in symptoms of the disease over time, severity of the course and in particular hospital mortality. Several SARS-CoV-2 variants have been identified such as Alpha, Delta, Omicron and others.
Aim. To investigate the hospital mortality in patients with different strain variants during the period from April 2020 to April 2022. All included patients had moderate to severe COVID-19-associated pneumonia requiring hospitalization.
Materials and methods. In this retrospective, conclusive, non-randomized, non-controlled study 4854 clinical records of hospitalized patients with Alpha (n=2400, April – December 2020), Delta (n=1722, 2021) and Omicron (n=627, January – April 2022) variants were investigated.
Results. Hospital mortality is 6% in Alpha variant patients (6%), 5.7% in Delta and significantly lower in Omicron (1.5%; p0,001). Cardiovascular disease (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure), diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease were risk factors for death in Alpha and Delta, but not in Omicron. There was also a significant decrease in the duration of hospitalization with strains Delta [7 days (5; 9)] and Omicron [7 (5; 11)] compared with Alpha [11 (9; 13); p0,001], and differences in factors the risk of mortality between the tested COVID variants.
Conclusion. Thus, differences in mortality and risk factors for death between COVID-19 variants could be shown in our cohort.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF ACID SOILS IN THE HUMID TROPICS UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
Authors: S. Michael Patrick
Published: March 2024

Oxisols, ultisols, and acid sulfate soils are the three common acid soils in the humid tropics. These soils are a concern agriculturally and environmentally because of acidity, cationic toxicity, and low nutrient availability, and there is a need to manage them. This review has synthesized relevant research from the past 20 years and establishes how acid soils were formed, their causes of acidity, and their impacts. Sustainable practices such as protecting the natural forest, using organic matter, and alternative soil nutrient sources to manage acid soil’s acidity, toxicity, and low nutrients are covered. Research is needed to improve agricultural productivity in the farms and protect the various ecological services provided to humanity in the general environment in the light of climate change. These research needs were synthesized and presented as future research directions.
Variation in reproductive parameters of Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) (Anura: Bufonidae) between the reproductive and post-reproductive periods
Authors: Quiroga Lorena B. , Sanabria Eduardo A.
Published: March 2024

We compared reproductive parameters of Rhinella arenarum in a wetland of the Monte in Argentina during reproductive and post-reproductive seasons. Individuals were collected at random, monthly from November 2001 to October 2002. August through November was considered the reproductive period, and December through April was considered the post-reproductive period. Of the 116 adults, 75 were males and 41 were females. The reproductive parameters measured included body mass, fat body mass, number of mature ova, ova size, and testicular volume. There were significant differences between the reproductive and post-reproductive periods in females for body mass, fat body mass, and number of mature ova. Likewise, males also had significant differences between these periods for body mass and fat body mass. Apparently, R. arenarum has an opportunistic and continuous reproductive strategy. Entering dormancy with large fat bodies and testes in apparent spermatogenesis allows males to reproduce immediately after emerging in the spring. However, females have mature but fewer ova during this period, which is a reproductive feature shared by most temperate amphibians. Our data, and the primarily tropical distribution of R. arenarum, suggest that this species recently invaded the temperate region wherein males retained acyclic reproductive activity and females, owing to their higher reproductive costs, have evolved cyclic reproduction.