bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Objeto, pared y suelo en las instalaciones artísticas. Categorías espaciales en las obras de algunas pioneras españolas del siglo XX
Authors: Zaparaín Hernández Fernando , Llamazares Blanco Pablo , Ramos Jular Jorge
Published: January 2022

Se estudian diversos recursos espaciales desarrollados por las instalaciones artísticas. Estas son un híbrido entre arquitectura, escultura y otras disciplinas, donde el objeto establece peculiares relaciones con la pared o el suelo de la sala, y en último término, con el espectador, siempre a la búsqueda de la temporalidad y lo procesual. Se genera así un espacio relacional entre sujeto y objeto, de marcado carácter escénico, con categorías espaciales como la creación de una nueva tridimensionalidad alrededor de las piezas, la incorporación del espectador o la configuración del contenedor, no solo geométrica, sino fenomenológica, con luz y sonido. Este análisis se apoya en instrumentos gráficos como axonometrías y plantas, imprescindibles para gestionar las articulaciones complejas propias de la arquitectura, las instalaciones, los medios audiovisuales o la moda, que no pueden realizarse directamente por su autor, y requieren una ideación previa, luego trasladada mediante convenios a una representación técnica, llamada proyecto, para su transmisión al sistema productivo.
Spaces and roles of contemporary art in industrial and technological ruins
Authors: Cano Sanchiz Juan Manuel
Published: January 2022

This article proposes some potential contributions of contemporary art to industrial and technological heritage discussions. The paper analyses the relations among art, industrial ruins, technological trash, heritage, and society from an archaeological perspective, although this standpoint is compared to and complemented with those of art and art history. First, the text presents how industrial sites and technological artefacts from the recent past are transformed for/by the artists. In doing so, it offers a preliminary basic typology of art-obsolescence relations illustrated with cases from Europe, Asia and the Americas. Four major kinds of interactions are introduced: the conversion of abandoned industrial buildings into art galleries and museums; the transformation of larger obsolete industrial/technological areas into creative hubs; the intervention of artists in industrial ruins; and the creative recycling of technological waste. Second, the text infers from the examples provided in the typology three possible functions of art regarding heritage: revelation/addition of value; mediation between the public and dark heritages; and recognition in technological and industrial history. In the end, the paper defends the role of art in the making of industrial and technological heritages, as well as in reconnecting them to society.
Confluencias creativas. Un análisis interpretativo de las colaboraciones entre artistas y centros educativos
Authors: Macaya Albert , Valero Eloisa
Published: January 2022

Las colaboraciones de artistas profesionales en entornos educativos son relativamente nuevas entre nosotros, pero cuentan con una larga tradición en países como el Reino Unido, Estados Unidos o Australia. En esos ámbitos, ha existido desde hace años una preocupación por sopesar el impacto de los programas de colaboración artista-escuela. Esta preocupación, sin embargo, no está exenta de debate. Mientras para unos los indicadores objetivables utilizados justifican (o, eventualmente, refutan) los beneficios de tales programas, para otros los resultados adolecen a veces de sesgos de confirmación o son difíciles de cuantificar en base a indicadores objetivos. Una alternativa son los estudios de corte etnográfico o interpretativo, que nos permiten comprender desde la cercanía lo que sucede realmente en casos concretos. Inspirándonos en la segunda opción, abordamos una investigación interpretativa sobre el programa XXX. Más allá de la (acaso) previsible valoración positiva de los implicados, la investigación revela las interacciones entre docentes, artistas y participantes, su percepción de la experiencia vivida y el sentido y alcance que dan a los proyectos que comparten. Se revela cierto grado de coincidencia entre los tres grupos en algunos aspectos, mientras que en otros se observan algunas divergencias y fricciones.
Prácticas educativas basadas en evidencias. Reflexiones, estrategias y buenas prácticas
Authors: Ruiz-Gutiérrez Borja
Published: January 2022

Reseña de la obra de Joaquín Gairín, Georgeta Ion (Eds.), Anna Díaz, Carme Armengol, Chris Brown, Ernest López, Cecilia I. Suárez, Isabel Cantón, Sheila García, José Luis Vázquez, Lorena Pulido, Patricia Olmos, Rosa Sobrino, Carmen Saban-Vera, Primitivo Sánchez, Daniel Pattier, Inmaculada Gómez-Jarabo y Javier Cabañero. Prácticas educativas basadas en evidencias. Reflexiones, estrategias y buenas prácticas. Narcea S.A. de Ediciones: 2021. ISBN: 978.84.277-2802-8
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DIFFERENSIASI PRODUK BAGI PELAKU UMKM TAHU DAN TEMPE UNTUK KETAHANAN PANGAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Etty Widawati  , Andrik Gastri
Published: January 2022

Upaya membendung penyebaran virus corona (Covid-19) gencar dilakukan pemerintah. Mulai dari penerapan physical distancing dan protokol kesehatan hingga ketahanan pangan. Sentra pengembangan UMKM industri kecil tahu salah satunya di desa Sepande mulai dari tahun 1999 sampai sekarang industri tahu berkembang dari satu industri tahu menjadi enam industri karena berdirinya industri tahu yang baru. Industri tahu di Desa Sepande terus berlanjut karena bahan bakar kayu tersedia, bahan bakar merupakan salah satu faktor produksi tahu di Desa Spande. Rata-rata lama pengalaman dalam membudidayakan tahu adalah 15 tahun. telah lama berkecimpung dalam usaha mengetahui karena usaha ini merupakan usaha yang dirintis sejak awal sehingga sudah diketahui bagaimana mereka akan mengambil keputusan ketika kondisi tidak menguntungkan seperti kenaikan harga kedelai, bahan-bahan lain dan pesaing. Desa Sepande terletak di sebelah selatan kota Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur. Kota yang hanya berjarak 20 km atau satu jam perjalanan dari Surabaya ini menyimpan beragam sejarah, salah satunya tahu dan tempe. Desa sepande merupakan sentra tahu dan tempe. Sidoarjo. Industri kecil tahu di desa Sepande berdiri sejak tahun 1999 dan prospek pengembangan industri tahu cukup baik, hal ini dibuktikan dengan industri tahu yang masih berjalan sampai sekarang. Namun perkembangan industri kecil tahu di desa Sepande sampai saat ini belum maksimal, karena industri tahu berjalan atau tidak dibarengi dengan peningkatan kuantitas produksi sehingga produksi tidak bertambah. kualitas bahan baku, bahan bakar yang tersedia dan teknologi harus lebih signifikan dalam pengembangan industri kecil. Penelitian ini Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi pengembangan diferensiasi industri kecil tahu di Desa Sepande Kecamatan Candi Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Representing Shylock: The Performance History of Shakespeare’s Jew as an Indicator and Instigator of Cultural Change
Authors: Rubenstein Hannah
Published: January 2022

Since its earliest performances, The Merchant of Venice garnered attention for its depiction of Shylock, the greedy Jewish moneylender who takes the protagonist of the play to court, demanding a pound of flesh. Over the centuries, depictions of this character have varied as much as the critical and popular reception to him. In the hands of each actor who newly embodies the character, Shylock can take the shape of a grotesque antisemitic caricature or a sympathetic anti-hero speaking truth to power. While Shylock began as a comic villain whose defeat allows the comedic resolution, almost all modern directors, actors, and audiences are forced to reckon with the cruel antisemitism voiced by the play’s protagonists. In tracing the performance history of this character from the turn of the 17th century, to the Third Reich, to his most recent incarnations, this research resists reducing Shylock to any single interpretation. Instead, this essay argues that Shylock serves as a reflection of the place and time in which he is performed, both an indicator of cultural attitudes and a potential instigator of cultural action towards oppression, justice, and representation of those deemed outsiders.
The Obligation to Tear Through the Veil: An Analysis and Transformation of Mankind’s Insufficient Complacency Through the Novels of Jenny Offill
Authors: Toole Maggie
Published: January 2022

This thesis explores the ways in which we as humans are alienated by the fundamental social structures of our world and how the novels of Jenny Offill offer a possible remedy. With a specific focus on the psychological and evolutionary aspects of womanhood and motherhood, this text attempts to illustrate the ways in which these novels address the imposing weight of such fundamental structures in the 21st century. Through an analysis of the nuclear family, this thesis examines the debilitating and profound existence of women, and more specifically, mothers. Offill’s novels present a profoundly clear picture of the modern world as it depicts the reality and ramifications of psychoanalytic and evolutionary theory. This work demonstrates how Offill’s texts attempt to remedy the core dissonance of our binary-laden human existence with clarity and realization rather than acceptance of an oversimplified past and a debilitating future.
Illicit Ecologies: Queer Animacy and Epistemological Erasure in History of Wolves
Authors: Goldberg Esther
Published: January 2022

This thesis attends to the slippages between life and nonlife in Emily Fridlunds 2017 novel History of Wolves. It traces the matter that is granted life or animacy, as well as the matter that is devitalized. Through the protagonist, Linda, the novel investigates the role of both scientific knowledge production and Christian Science in placing arbitrary biological limits on life forms, making some visible and others unseeable and unsayable. The thesis fleshes out the characters’ climate denial as yet another erasure of the animate agents. Ultimately, the thesis asks: if we can expand what is worthy of life, can we, in turn, expand what agents, actors, and matters are deserving of care?
ФОРМУВАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНИХ РЕЗЕРВІВ ЗАСОБІВ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ ДЛЯ БОРОТЬБИ З ЕПІДЕМІЄЮ ТА ПАНДЕМІЄЮ
Authors: І.В. Голінка , Ю.М. Білоконь
Published: January 2022

На початку пандемії майже всі країни повідомили про брак засобів індивідуального захисту (ЗІЗ). В статті досліджено проблеми та підходи різних країн до забезпечення масками медичними, які мали місце на початку пандемії. Проведено оцінку та узагальнення досвіду та механізмів формування матеріальних резервів медичних засобів та засобів індивідуального захисту, у різних країна, для боротьби з природними надзвичайними ситуаціями, такими як епідемії та пандемії. За результатами проведеного дослідження встановлено необхідність врегулювання технічних та якісних вимог до засобів індивідуального захисту для населення, які повинні використовуватися під час інфекційних захворювань, які передаються повітряно-крапельним шляхом.
ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ТЕОРІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ РОЗВИТКУ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: О.В. Банчук-Петросова
Published: January 2022

Зазначено, що інституційна відкритість вимірюється рівнем лібералізації
торгово-політичного та валютного режимів країни. Приймається до уваги значення торгових субсидій, непрямих податків, валютних, ліцензійних та інших обмежень. У ситуації відкритої економіки розвиток національного господарства
визначається тенденціями, які у світовій економіці, у своїй починають посилюватися зовнішньоекономічні зв’язки. Зовнішньоторговельний оборот певному рівні починає або стимулювати, або гальмувати загальне економічне зростання. На
відкритий характер економіки та формування структури її виробництва також
впливає участь країни у міжнародному розподілі праці, щодо замкнутої економіки структура виробництва залежить як від внутрішніх капіталів і ресурсів, так і
від структури внутрішнього попиту. Україна у стислі терміни вийшла досить
високий рівень як функціональної, і інституційної відкритості.
Визначено, що проте за реалізації курсу відкриття економіки держава недооцінювало і мало аналізувало зарубіжний досвід. Посилення відкритості несе з
собою не тільки вигоди, а й певні небезпеки, особливо країнам з перехідною економікою, що розвивається.
СИСТЕМА СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПОСЛУГ В УКРАЇНІ: ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ СУТНОСТІ ТА ЗМІСТУ ПОНЯТТЯ
Authors: Л.М. Грень , Н.С. Грабар , Н.А. Леоненко
Published: January 2022

У статті визначено, що головною метою розвитку української нації і, відповідно, внутрішньо управлінської системи, є забезпечення загального добробуту населення; підкреслено, що в умовах реформування системи соціального захисту в Україні особливу увагу слід приділити соціальним послугам, що надаються державою; обґрунтовано , що сутність соціальних послуг найбільш тісно пов’язана з індексом розвитку людського потенціалу; доведено, що саме соціальні послуги впливають на рівень життя населення, зміцнюють довіру громадян до держави, забезпечують зміцнення стабільності і безпеки суспільства; визначено ключову роль Закону України «Про соціальні послуги» в ефективному запровадженні нової системи надання соціальних послуг за умов впровадження в дію ряду підзаконних нормативно-правових актів.
ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ЧЕТВЕРТОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ РЕВОЛЮЦІЇ
Authors: Г.В. Ортіна
Published: January 2022

Актуальність наукового дослідження полягає у комплексному дослідженні феномену «кризи». Автором зроблена спроба ви кристалізувати понятті «кризи», зроблено детальний історичний екскурс в історію Світових фінансових криз, наведені причини та зроблено висновки.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ СТРАТЕГІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: А.В. Тресков
Published: January 2022

У статті обґрунтовуються концептуальні засади стратегії формування та реалізації державної енергетичної політики України. Розглянуто особливості формування та реалізації державної енергетичної політики в сучасних умовах. Окреслено шляхи трансформації стратегії формування та реалізації державної енергетичної політики України з урахуванням існуючих викликів сьогодення.
ДЕРЖАВНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-СТРАХОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ СФЕРИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я В УКРАЇНИ
Authors: С. Чоудрі
Published: January 2022

Визначено, що у міру зміцнення економічного становища країни зазначена тенденція буде змінюватися. Тому, з метою збереження наявного потенціалу галузі та з огляду на неминуче зростання потреби в медичній допомозі в недалекому майбутньому, необхідно приділяти цій сфері особливу увагу. Дійсно, нинішній стан може мати далекосяжні негативні соціальні та економічні наслідки, оскільки веде до обваження перебігу захворювань, високої інвалідизації, зростання хронічних форм, що в кінцевому рахунку негативно позначиться на відтворенні робочої сили, її кількості і якості.
Đốt sóng cao tần nhân độc tuyến giáp: Báo cáo 2 ca lâm sàng
Authors: Văn Quyền Đỗ , Khắc Hoàng Nguyễn , An Giang Mai , Văn Đức Phạm , Đức Nguyên Bùi , Thanh Oai Phạm , Thị Thúy Hằng Nguyễn
Published: January 2022

Một số bệnh nhân có nhân nóng tuyến giáp không phù hợp với phương pháp điều trị bằng phẫu thuật hoặc liệu pháp phóng xạ. Vì vậy, phương pháp điều trị can thiệp tối thiểu như phá huỷ bằng cồn tuyệt đối hoặc đốt sóng cao tần là cần thiết. Báo cáo 2 ca lâm sàng: Hai ca lâm sàng được chẩn đoán nhân nóng trước điều trị sóng cao tần. Kết quả sau điều trị giảm triệu chứng lâm sàng, xét nghiệm hormon tuyến giáp về bình thường, giảm thể tích nhân sau điều trị 3 tháng, 6 tháng và 12 tháng. Không gặp biến chứng nào. Kết luận: RFA cho thấy tính hiệu quả và an toàn trong điều trị cho nhân độc tự trị tuyến giáp và có thể khuyến cáo là phương pháp điều trị trước tiên cho nhân nóng tuyến giáp.
Kết quả bước đầu điều trị u tuyến cận giáp gây cường cận giáp bằng sóng cao tần qua 2 trường hợp bệnh nhân
Authors: Thế Đức Phạm , Khắc Hoàng Nguyễn , Văn Quyền Đỗ , An Giang Mai , Đức Nguyên Bùi , Thanh Oai Phạm , Thị Thúy Hằng Nguyễn
Published: January 2022

Chúng tôi báo cáo 2 trường hợp sử dụng RFA điều trị cường cận giáp nguyên phát do u tuyến cận giáp với kĩ thuật moving-shot techinique với kết quả ban đầu rất khả quan, qua đó nêu ra một số bàn luận về chẩn đoán cũng như kĩ thuật thực hiện. Để hạn chế nguy cơ tổn thương nhiệt lên thần kinh, chúng tôi sử dụng kỹ thuật cô lập khối u với dung dịch glucose 5% lạnh. Kết quả: Không có biến chứng kèm theo sau áp nhiệt bằng sóng cao tần (RFA), nồng độ hormone tuyến cận giáp (PTH), Calci-Ion, phosphat huyết thanh trở về bình thường tại thời điểm kiểm tra lại sau 2 tháng. Kết luận: RFA là phương pháp an toàn và hiệu quả trong điều trị u tuyến cận giáp gây cường cận giáp nguyên phát.
Rò miệng nối sau phẫu thuật nội soi cắt toàn bộ mạc treo trực tràng
Authors: Hữu An Hồ , Triều Dương Triệu , Đăng Bình Diêm , Tuấn Linh Trần , Văn Quốc Lê , Văn Trưởng Nguyễn
Published: January 2022

Mục tiêu: Nhằm đưa ra kinh nghiệm và một số yếu tố liên quan đến rò miệng nối trong phẫu thuật điều trị ung thư trực tràng. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện theo phương pháp hồi cứu trên 120 bệnh nhân ung thư trực tràng được phẫu thuật cắt toàn bộ mạc treo trực tràng tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ tháng 1 năm 2019 đến tháng 11 năm 2020. Kết quả: Có 65,0% bệnh nhân phẫu thuật nội soi cắt toàn bộ mạc treo trực tràng và 35,0% bệnh nhân phẫu thuật nội soi cắt trực tràng gian cơ thắt. Tuổi trung bình là 62,9, vị trí u 1/3 trên, 1/3 giữa và 1/3 dưới lần lượt là 27,5%, 48,3% và 24,2%. Tỷ lệ rò miệng nối 8,3% bệnh nhân, trong đó mức độ rò theo phân loại của nhóm nghiên cứu quốc tế ung thư trực tràng thấy độ A, B, C lần lượt là 1,7%, 0,8% và 5,8%. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân phải mổ lại là 5,8%. Không có sự khác nhau có ý nghĩa thống kê về độ tuổi, giới, chiều dài u, mức độ xâm lấn u, tình trạng di căn hạch, bệnh phối hợp và hóa xạ trị trước mổ giữa 2 nhóm với p>0,05. Rò miệng nối có liên quan đáng kể với lượng máu mất (p=0,022), thời gian phẫu thuật (p=0,03), khoảng cách miệng nối đến mép hậu môn (p=0,042) và phương pháp phẫu thuật (p=0,015). Phương pháp thực hiện miệng nối, dẫn lưu hồi tràng và đặt dẫn lưu qua hậu môn không liên quan tới rò miệng nối với p>0,05. Kết luận: Các yếu tố lượng máu mất, thời gian phẫu thuật, khoảng cách miệng nối tới mép hậu môn và phương pháp phẫu thuật có liên quan đến tỷ lệ rò miệng nối trong phẫu thuật trực tràng. Phát hiện sớm và phân loại mức độ rò có vai trò quan trọng điều trị rò miệng nối trực tràng.
Diseño de un simulador háptico con realidad aumentada para entrenamiento en procedimientos laparoscópicos.
Authors: San Miguel Herbas Olivia
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo expone el diseño e implementación de un simulador háptico con realidad aumentada que promueve a la integración de conocimientos y habilidades psicomotrices a través del entrenamiento virtual en procedimientos como la apendicectomía y la colecistectomía laparoscópica. El proyecto se compone de dos partes fundamentales: un dispositivo háptico y un software para la realidad aumentada en el simulador. El dispositivo háptico proporciona la interfaz física con la que se manipula el simulador, mientras que el software proporciona la representación virtual de los movimientos realizados durante la simulación. Para la validación del proyecto se realizó una prueba piloto en la que cinco estudiantes de Medicina participaron del entrenamiento virtual durante cinco sesiones individuales, que se evaluaron de manera objetiva y estandarizada para cada uno de los procedimientos realizados con el simulador. En conclusión, el proyecto se destaca por su bajo costo, fácil manejo del sistema y realismo en los modelos presentados durante la simulación. Todas estas características fomentan a la práctica deliberada y repetitiva de los procedimientos quirúrgicos y se traducen en una mejor tasa de aprendizaje para los estudiantes.
Modelos Generativos en el Aprendizaje Automático y su aplicación a la generación de Imágenes Digitales
Authors: Contreras Carrasco Oscar
Published: January 2022

En el ámbito del Aprendizaje Automático se identifican dos tipos de algoritmos desde el punto de vista de la naturaleza de las salidas que estos proporcionan. Los modelos discriminativos asocian un dato proporcionado a una respuesta, mientras que los modelos generativos generan nuevos datos en base a una distribución probabilística de respuestas o variables latentes. Por otra parte, en años recientes, se han dado importantes avances en el Deep Learning, que es el estudio de las redes neuronales profundas. En este contexto, las redes convolucionales han ganado considerable terreno en diversas tareas relacionadas al análisis de imágenes. Entre las varias aplicaciones de las redes convolucionales se mencionan: clasificación de imágenes, detección de objetos, segmentación de instancias, reconocimiento facial, entre otros varios. Sin embargo, en el ámbito del Deep Learning, no solamente se han tenido importantes avances con relación a los puntos aquí mencionados, sino también en cuanto a la habilidad de los modelos en generar nuevas imágenes. De ese modo, hoy en día se tiene a disposición una variedad de modelos generativos para diversos propósitos, con aplicaciones tales como la creación de imágenes faciales de personas que no existen en la realidad. Es así que el propósito del presente artículo es realizar un análisis de diversos modelos generativos para imágenes digitales, así como de las bases teóricas que sustentan a los modelos generativos en el Deep Learning. El enfoque de análisis se centra en dos modelos esenciales: Las redes adversarias generativas (GAN) y los autoencoders variacionales (VAE).
Comportamiento y análisis de insolación e irradiación solar de la vivienda andina Uru-Chipaya
Authors: Pozo Ledo Grover
Published: January 2022

La arquitectura de las viviendas Uru-Chipayas son consideradas un legado representativo de la cultura Andina, que han sido capaces de trascender en el tiempo y conservar sus rasgos culturales hasta la actualidad. Los Putukus y las Wayllichas se consideran hoy como símbolos propios de una identidad andina que, por sus características constructivas, su forma y la sencillez de estas, ha llamado la atención de expertos no solo en el ámbito antropológico, semiótico o epistemológico, sino también por la calidad bioclimática de su propia arquitectura vernacular.
Bajo este último precepto, el objetivo fue el revalorizar los saberes ancestrales de la conceptualización de la arquitectura Andina Uru-Chipaya desde la perspectiva bioclimática. Con una metodología analítica basada en simulaciones digitales, con la finalidad de recabar resultados cuantitativos para comprender de mejor manera el comportamiento de asoleamiento, exposición y radiación solar en estas viviendas, con relación al diseño arquitectónico, materialidad constructiva con alta resistencia térmica y los valores culturales esta cultura. Del estudio se obtuvo parámetros cuantitativos y cualitativos generando una impronta de lineamientos para la definición de nuevos criterios de diseño bioclimático, con una identidad propia de altiplano boliviano, además de revalorizar y difundir el conocimiento milenario andino.
The Pillars of Excellence in Education in the New Era
Authors: Cabero Z. Marco A.
Published: January 2022

El texto nos presenta planteamientos sobre las reformas que la Era del conocimiento nos ofrece en el ámbito educativo
CONEXIÓN ENTRE INDUSTRIA Y ACADEMIA
Authors: Guachi Roberto
Published: January 2022

El texto explora la estrecha relación entre el ámbito académico y la industry.
EDUCA LATINOAMÉRICA PERSPECTIVA Y RETOS
Authors: Conejero Nairyfel
Published: January 2022

El texto aborda los desafíos que afronta la región de Latinoamérica en el ámbito educativo
EL DERECHO ESPACIAL FRENTE A LA UNISPACE +50
Authors: González Aninat Raimundo
Published: January 2022

El texto resume los puntos tratados en el 50º aniversario de la Primera Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre la Exploración y Utilización del Espacio Ultraterrestre con Fines Pacíficos: el espacio como motor del desarrollo sostenible.
Los Jóvenes deben potenciar el Desarrollo Sostenible: la experiencia de participar en la primera reunión anual de literatura científica en Bolivia
Authors: Yang Qingping
Published: January 2022

En los últimos años, el entorno ecológico global ha despertado gradualmente una amplia atención de toda la humanidad. El Foro ha construido una plataforma internacional rica en recursos para la exploración de las cuestiones ambientales mundiales, y proporcionado medidas y respuestas científicas de perspectiva internacional para resolver la crisis que enfrenta actualmente el desarrollo global sostenible.
The First Annual Meeting on Science Literacy 2021 Summary
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxin
Published: January 2022

Note to the editor
DETERMINATION OF SOIL TROPHICITY BY ELECTROPHYSICAL METHOD. MESSAGE 1. DEVICE AND LABORATORY TECHNIQUE
Authors: Buzuk G. N.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this work was to develop a device and technique for determining the soil trophiсity using the electrophysical method based on the measurement of the soil specific resistivity (SR). In the proposed device the F. Wenner installation is used as a sensor. The device has a modular design and includes a voltage boosting module, a PWM generator of rectangular pulses, a rectangular signal inverter and an H-bridge that switches the polarity of the power supply in order to prevent polarization of the electrodes. The metrological characteristics of the specific resistivity measurement as well as the influence of the electrodes immersion depth in the substrate studied are determined. Its significant influence and nonlinear character which was well approximated by the power function were established. The simplest equations for bringing the measured values of the RS to a certain depth of the electrodes in the object studied are proposed.
Hypoglycemic Potential of Combined Methanolic Extract of Seeds of Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) and Cicer Arietinum (Chickpea)
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Tahir , Malik Zoha , Siddique Abu Bakar , Sultana Nargis , Irfan Muhammad Imran , Qadir Rahman , Saleem Suleman , Shah Syed Naseer Hussain , Saadia Mubshara
Published: January 2022

In spite of the rapid progress in the field of medicine, humanity still striving for cure of diabetes, a disorder of metabolism. From literature study it is inferred that no one therapeutic agent is isolated and/ or synthesized to treat diabetes, but to manage the disease. Therefore, it is of much importance to address this medical issue with phytochemical synergism for boosting immunity and limiting the severe side effects of synthetic hypoglycemic agents. The antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of black seeds and chickpea have been determined previously, however the combined hypoglycemic effect of these seeds has not been studied until now. In present study the combined methanolic extract (CME) of Nigella sativa (black cumen) and Cicer arietinum (chickpea) seeds has shown the significant antioxidant potential as revealed by its significantly reduced IC50 value for radical scavenging activity in DPPH assay (-36.39%, p<0.001) compared to the standard compound butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and also due to the presence of significant (p<0.001) amount of total phenolic contents (TPC) in the mixture (254.2+2.75 mg GAE/g of dry weight). The CME was also fractionated through column chromatography and based on the phytochemical analysis, the fractions enriched with phenolic compounds were isolated and characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy. The IR-spectra have shown the presence of respective functional groups, indicating the isolation of specific phenol enriched compounds from CME which may be further used for drug development. During the evaluation of antidiabetic potential of CME in alloxan induced diabetic rats, the animals showed non-significant (p>0.05) increase (2.12%) in observed body weights, however, showed the significant decrease in blood glucose levels (-42.24%, p<0.001) compared to the diabetic control rats. Our findings suggest that CME may be used as a potential hypoglycemic herbal medication or might be used in conjunction with the usual synthetic drugs to boost activity and limit the side effects.
Production of Quality Compost from Pennywort Plant Wastes
Authors: Jabeen Hina , Rasool Akhtar , Sadiq Rakhshinda
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Composting is an environment friendly phenomenon which recycles the organic materials such as plants converting them to beneficial fertilizers. Hence composting limits the use of toxic chemical fertilizers. The aim of the study was to prepare compost/bio-fertilizer from nutrient rich plant, the pennywort, for organic crop production and to reduce the plant wastes by reusing them for environmental benefits. For this purpose, the plants were mixed with different other additives like rock phosphate, urea, cow dung and sludge to boost up the quality of compost. Pennywort plant compost alone (without any additive) was considered as a control and aerobic conditions were maintained. Physico-chemical parameters like organic matter, ash content, total nitrogen, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and level of heavy metals and micronutrients were taken into account. All tested parameters showed a beneficial level in the amended plant composts compared to plant alone. Therefore, the prepared compost could be very promising for crops improvement. Hence, the present study would prove a significant advancement in the pool of efforts to enhance the agricultural welfares. Moreover, the current study provides useful knowledge about enhancing the properties and profile of natural composted products because it can provide an alternate source to increase the fertility of the soil and also a good approach to reduce the pressure of solid waste on environment.
Con tanta pseudociencia, ¿por qué tan poca pseudotecnología?
Authors: Ove Hansson Sven
Published: January 2022

Después de una revisión de los usos previos del término '' pseudotecnología '', se propone una definición: “Una pseudotecnología es una supuesta tecnología que es irreparablemente disfuncional para su propósito previsto, ya que se basa en principios de construcción que no se pueden realizar para trabajar”. Se discute la relación entre la pseudotecnología y la pseudociencia, y también la relación entre la pseudotecnología y el concepto mucho más débil de mal funcionamiento tecnológico. Se ofrece una explicación de por qué rara vez se hace referencia a la pseudotecnología que a la pseudociencia: la tecnología disfuncional suele descubrirse cuando se pone en práctica, mientras que la ciencia disfuncional tiende a ser más difícil a ser expuesta.
¿Perjudica la tecnología 5G a la biodiversidad o la salud humana?
Authors: Pacheco Jaime
Published: January 2022

En los último cinco años es posible que toda persona activa en el ámbito científico haya asomado su atención a determinar la falsedad de teorías, engaños o controversias respecto a los impactos nocivos sobre la biodiversidad y salud humana relacionados a la proyección e implementación de las tecnologías de comunicación 5G. El presente ensayo, se propone a explorar varios casos que han declarado afectaciones del 5Gsobre la fauna (invertebrados y vertebrados) y la salud humana acompañado de una contundente aclaración para cada uno, así como recomendaciones para convertir esta problemática en una oportunidad para fortalecer el juicio crítico de la ciudadanía.
¿Puede el Tarot predecir el futuro?
Authors: Subauste Oliden Daniel
Published: January 2022

Miles de personas en el mundo consultan el tarot para tomar decisiones o para conocer lo que les depara el futuro, pero ¿Puede realmente el predecir el futuro? En este ensayo expondré algunos argumentos sobre la imposibilidad de que el Tarot pueda realmente predecir nuestro futuro como arte adivinatoria y propondré, además, algunas formas de someter al Tarot a pruebas simples para demostrar su incapacidad de mostrar eventos futuros para, finalmente, terminar el trabajo con algunas conclusiones al respecto.
Biomagnetismo en la actualidad: ¿Realmente es una terapia curativa?
Authors: Mires-Reyes Arturo
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este ensayo es presentar evidencias suficientes para demostrar que la práctica del biomagnetismo no funciona como tratamiento médico para, así, desestimar su uso. Para ello, se realizó una revisión de literatura histórica y académica respecto a la terapia magnética y se estructuró de la siguiente manera: Una introducción, el cuerpo, que contempla un vistazo histórico de esta práctica y las ocasiones en que fue desmentida; y las conclusiones. Se observó que esta práctica ha sido desmentida muchas veces a lo largo de la historia y cada persona que empleaba esta técnica ganaba dinero y prestigio a coste de engañar a otros. Además, se identificó que los imanes no pueden tener efecto alguno sobre pacientes por el hecho de que generan campos electrostáticos. En conclusión, el biomagnetismo ha sido rebatido múltiples veces, no puede tratar el dolor físico y debería dejarse de emplear como tratamiento.
¿Depende la moral de la religión?
Authors: Silva Céspedes Julio
Published: January 2022

La teoría del mandato divino sostiene que Dios decide lo que es moralmente correcto e incorrecto. Aquí sostenemos que esta teoría presenta los siguientes problemas: 1) los mandatos divinos son arbitrarios, 2) la voluntad de Dios no es lo único relevante en los debates sobre lo moralmente correcto, 3) esta concepción de la moralidad es misteriosa, y 4) la teoría del mandato divino no resuelve, a fin de cuentas, el problema de la objetividad moral. Estos problemas muestran que lo moralmente correcto e incorrecto no necesariamente dependen de una perspectiva religiosa. La racionalidad se puede involucrar en los asuntos morales, sin necesidad de recurrir a la religión. En síntesis, la moral y la religión son independientes.
Analisis Penyebab Cacat Produk Santan Kemasan dalam Penetapan Critical Control Point dengan Pendekatan HACCP di PT. X
Authors: Putri Gustiarini Rika , Senjawati Maria Isfus , Erlinanto Yovi
Published: January 2022

Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) ia a quality control system from the preparation of raw maerials to the product and accepted by consumers. HACCP is a requirement for guaranteeing the safety of food products produced according to company quality standards.PT. X produces packaged coconut milk as one of the main products and has implemented HACCP in every production process of its products. The packaged coconut milk that is produced often gets bloated in the finished product warehouse before the product is distributed. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the application of HACCP in the production of packaged coconut milk. HACCP application in the packaged coconut milk production process has set 4 Critical control points. CCP 1 (UHT Sterilization System & Aseptic Tank), CCP 2 (Filtration 500 micron), CCP 3 (Product Sterilization at 140-148ºC) and CCP 4 (Filling with Astepo Filler Filling Machine). Each Critical Control Point has physical and biological hazards, which must be controlled to ensure food safety. The research objective was to analyze the implementation of HACCP plan for coconut milk products based on SNI No. 01-4852-1998 regarding the HACCP system and analyzing the causes of product defects (bloating) in the determination of the CCP. Based on the analysis of HACCP application and the causes of product defects in packaged coconut milk, product defects due to bloating are not defects in the production process but defects caused by cross-contamination of microbes after filling. Cross contamination occurs due to cracks in the neck of the aseptic bag cup that cannot be detected directly, and the use of tools that should not be used during the filling process.
Analisis Pengendalian Mutu Kadar Air Teh Hitam pada Industri Pengolahan Teh
Authors: Putri Gustiarini Rika , Lubis Rizki Fadhillah , Yenita Asri
Published: January 2022

Quality control is intended to maintain and improve quality and maintain the safety of the products produced. This study uses Statistical Process Control by using several tools such as check sheets, control charts and fishbone diagrams to determine the cause of the decline in quality in tea with the aim that the next process can minimize the level of product quality decline. This study aims to determine the dominant cause of the decline in tea quality when viewed from the water content in tea. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the dominant cause of the decline in tea quality is the highwater content of dry tea. This type of deterioration can be caused by human error and other factors such as machine condition, raw materials and process monitoring.
Pengukuran Kesiapan Industri Minuman Teh Menjangkau Revolusi Industri 4.0 dengan Metode INDI 4.0
Authors: Ekawati Irna , Rahayu Puji
Published: January 2022

Rapid technological developments greatly affect the demand for products and services. So the industry needs to improve to maximize production achievements in order to meet market needs. The development of industry 4.0 provides an opportunity to revitalize the Indonesian manufacturing sector. Moreover, the Ministry of Industry has compiled "Making Indonesia 4.0" as a strategy and roadmap to develop industry 4.0 in Indonesia. Indonesia focuses on five main sectors for the development of industry 4.0, including the food and beverage, chemical, electronics, textile and clothing, and automotive industries. This research was conducted to determine the level of readiness of the manufacturing industry, especially the food and beverage industry at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII to face industry 4.0 based on organizational and technological aspects. The measurement method used is the Indonesia Industry 4.0 Readiness Index (INDI 4.0). With these results, it can help the industry know the current level of achievement and know what needs to be done to get to the level of industry 4.0. Based on online and offline assessments carried out at the level of readiness, the people and culture aspects as well as the technology aspect have the highest level of use but are at Level 2. The technological aspect has the lowest readiness at Level 1. Overall, the company's readiness is at Level 1 (readiness stage). early) almost reached moderate readiness (Level 2).
Sintesis Precipitate Calsium Carbonat Sebagai Filler Pada Plastik Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Elfina Sri , Jamarun Novesar , Arief Syukri , Djamaan Akmal
Published: January 2022

Batu kapur merupakan bahan tambang yang ketersediaannya sangat melimpah di Indonesia terutama daerah Sumatera Barat. Batu kapur disintesis untuk pembuatan filler Precipitate Calcium Carbonat. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap filler Precipitate Calcium Carbonat dari batu kapur berdasarkan hasil analisis X-RD, FTIR dan SEM-EDX, dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis dari CaO batu kapur adalah Precipitate Calcium Carbonat dengan jenis kristal aragonit dan kalsit. Sementara uji BET menunjukan luas permukaan spesifik filler Precipitate Calcium Carbonat dengan nilai 7,315 m2/g. Permukaan Plastik ramah lingkungan dengan penambahan filler Precipitate Calcium Carbonat dikarakterisasi menggunakan AFM didapatkan nilai Rq 0,43 µm.
Penentuan Kadar Senyawa Aktif Cyanocobalamine Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS
Authors: Sari Risma , Billa Aisyah Salma
Published: January 2022

Cyanocobalmine is vitamin B12 which is widely used to treat or prevent deficiency (deficiency of vitamins) in various types of preparations. Cyanocobalmine in the 5th edition of Indonesian Pharmacopoeia literature can determine by UV-Vis Spectrophotometric method with water solvent. The purpose of this testing was to determine whether the levels of the active compound Cyanocobalamine from the 3 test parameters. In the description test where the sample tested is the same as the Cyanocobalamine specification, namely, crystal powder is dark red. Hot plate was used to determine drying shrinkage. Shrink drying was 2.25% - 2.75% from the ≤ 12% requirement. The determination of the levels of the active compound of Cyanocobalamine fulfills the requirements, namely 96% - 102.0%. The results of the assay showed that the average level of Cyanocobalamine from 4 samples was 96.02%, which met the standards set by the Pharmacopeia. Indonesia Edition V as a requirement for determining the levels of the active compound Cyanocobalamine.
Pengaruh Penambahan Stabilizer Carboxyl Metyl Celulosa dan Tepung Agar terhadap Karakteristik Fisiko Kimia Velva Sirsak
Authors: Putri Gustiarini Rika , Samah Selfa Dewati
Published: January 2022

Fruits are perishable agro materials, so further processing is necessary after the fruit is harvest. Soursop is a fruit dessert with characteristics like ice cream. The purpose of this study was determined the appropriate compotition and agar powder in the manufacture of soursop velva so that a product with physical characteristics such as ice cream. The physical characteristics of soursop velva are total solid, water content, pH, vitamin C, fiber, total acid, melting speed and overrun.  The soursop velva research method with six treatments, A (0,4 % CMC added), B (0,5% CMC added), C (0,6% CMC added), D (0,4% agar powder added), E (0,5% agar powder added), F (0,6% agar powder added). Observation were made on the physico-chemical characteristics of soursop velva. The result shows that soursop Velva added with 0,6% agar powder content 24,79% total solid, 75,24% water content, pH 4,30 and 33, 84 mg/100 g material of vitamin C, 2,2% fiber, 2,2% total acid, with 19,69 minutes melting speed and 134,67% overrun.
Pengaruh Eksitasi Gelombang Iradiasi Ultrasonik Terhadap Kadar Tanin pada Maserasi Biji Pinang Wangi
Authors: Rosalina Rosalina , Ikhsandy Ferry , Yahya Agung Kurnia , Hibrah Hibrah
Published: January 2022

Nagari Sikucua, Kampung Dalam Subdistrict, Padang Pariaman produces nearly 800 tons of fragrant areca nut every year which is sent to Jambi to meet export needs. Areca nut contains tannins, substances that have many benefits, some of which are anti-inflammatory, corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants. This study aims to obtain tannins in areca nut extract through a kinetic maceration process with pre-treatment with ultrasonic irradiation wave. The dried areca nut was ground and sieved with various sizes of 20, 40 and 70 mesh and then extracted with ethanol as solvent. The concentration of ethanol used consisted of 35%, 50%, 65% and 80%. Ultrasonic irradiation waves were given for the initial 15 minutes of maceration and then continued with kinetic maceration for up to 4 hours in a water bath at 45°C. The extraction results were concentrated in a rotary evaporator and then tested for tannin levels using Follin Denish reagent in the standard series of tannic acid as a comparison with spectrophotometer UV-Vis. The highest yield of tannin content 11.10% was obtained in the 4-hour maceration process with pre-treatment ultrasonic irradiation at concentration of 80% ethanol with a size of 40 mesh.
Efek Variasi Penambahan Carbomer Terhadap Nilai pH, Viskositas dan Aktivitas Mikroba pada Sediaan Hand Sanitizer
Authors: Putri Melysa , Hafnimardiyanti Hafnimardiyanti , Savitri Dian
Published: January 2022

Hand sanitizer is an antiseptic in gel form. The gel texture in hand sanitizers is caused by the carbomer which acts as a gelling agent. Therefore, this research was done to observe the effect of carbomer on the value of pH, viscosity, and microbial activity in hand sanitizers. As for testing pH using pH meters, testing viscosity was carried out using the viscometer method, while microbial activity was carried out using the Total Plate Number, Yeast Mold Number and microbial pathogen tests. Based on the data obtained, the carbomer greatly influences the increase in the viscosity of the hand sanitizer gel, the pH value was obtained at 6.0 - 7.06, while in the microbial activity test none of the microbes grew in each medium. Therefore, it can be concluded that the hand sanitizer with code P3 is the best sample
Challenges in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
Authors: Nordin N. N. H. , Wan Husin Wan Norhasniah , Salleh M. Z.
Published: January 2022

Given the variety of actions concentrating on peacekeeping with significant successful operations, the United Nations (UN) continues to encounter concerns and challenges that have hampered its peacekeeping operations’ efficiency, effectiveness, and performance. This article aimed to investigate the primary challenges that adversely influence peacekeeping operations and challenge them based on the security theory proposed by Barry Buzan. According to the study’s findings, UN peacekeeping missions have been successful in addressing conflict situations and promoting peace in many regions of the world. Nevertheless, faults and challenges, notably in terms of the operations’ political, economic, and societal factors, have restricted the peacekeeping operations’ ability to achieve their objectives successfully. Therefore, a better policy that includes all involved actors, especially local government and the population, should be established in order to rebuild a conflict-torn country.
Sequential fractional pantograph differential equations with nonlocal boundary conditions: Uniqueness and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability
Authors: MOHAMED Houas
Published: January 2022

In the current manuscript, we study the uniqueness and Ulam-stability of solutions for sequential fractionalpantograph differential equations with nonlocal boundary conditions. The uniqueness of solutions is es-tablished by Banach's fixed point theorem. We also define and study the Ulam-Hyers stability and theUlam-Hyers-Rassias stability of mentioned problem. An example is presented to illustrate the main results.
Evaluation of Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infection and Their Sensitivity Pattern
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Shubham Swayambhu , Singh Satyendra Narayan
Published: January 2022

Background: UTI constitute a major public health problem in India accounting 2nd most common infection next to respiratory tract infection. They are responsible for increasing treatment cost and significant morbidity.Aim:-To determine the incidence of UTI, evaluation of pathogens responsible and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in the population.Methods:Urine samples were collected from 300 patients attending the OPD Patna medical college, Patna during the period of 18 months (January 2017 to June 2018) Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done for the bacterial isolates present in the sample by Kirby- Bauer disc diffusion method. Only those samples were taken into consideration which develops count equal to or greater than 1*105CFU/ml as indicated by Kass.Results:Out of 300 samples collected 146 (48.66%)) yielded bacterial growth. Out of 146 culture isolates E.Coli was the most common pathogen followed by klebsiella, CoNS and staphylococcus. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed on all the isolates. It was observed that highest sensitivity was 49.31% to amikacin, gentamycin (45.89%), nitrofurantoin (38.35%) meropenem (27.39%).Conclusions:It was observed that high grade of resistance to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime, cefazolin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and gentamycin is present as a result of misuse or improper use of antibiotic in the community. Hence urine culture is necessary for the diagnostic screening of UTI before the treatment.