bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic relationships between gross primary production and energy partitioning in three different ecosystems based on eddy covariance time series analysis
Authors: Cicuéndez Víctor , Litago Javier , Sánchez-Girón Víctor , Román-Cascón Carlos , Recuero Laura , Saénz César , Yagüe Carlos , Palacios-Orueta Alicia
Published: March 2023

Ecosystems are responsible for strong feedback processes that affect climate. The mechanisms and consequences of this feedback are uncertain and must be studied to evaluate their influence on global climate change. The main objective of this study is to assess the gross primary production (GPP) dynamics and the energy partitioning patterns in three different European forest ecosystems through time series analysis. The forest types are an Evergreen Needleleaf Forest in Finland (ENF_FI), a Deciduous Broadleaf Forest in Denmark (DBF_DK), and a Mediterranean Savanna Forest in Spain (SAV_SP). Buys-Ballot tables were used to study the intra-annual variability of meteorological data, energy fluxes, and GPP, whereas the autocorrelation function was used to assess the inter-annual dynamics. Finally, the causality of GPP and energy fluxes was studied with Granger causality tests. The autocorrelation function of the GPP, meteorological variables, and energy fluxes revealed that the Mediterranean ecosystem is more irregular and shows lower memory in the long term than in the short term. On the other hand, the Granger causality tests showed that the vegetation feedback to the atmosphere was more noticeable in the ENF_FI and the DBF_DK in the short term, influencing latent and sensible heat fluxes. In conclusion, the impact of the vegetation on the atmosphere influences the energy partitioning in a different way depending on the vegetation type, which makes the study of the vegetation dynamics essential at the local scale to parameterize these processes with more detail and build improved global models.
Whole-exome sequencing of selected bread wheat recombinant inbred lines as a useful resource for allele mining and bulked segregant analysis
Authors: Esposito Salvatore , D’Agostino Nunzio , Taranto Francesca , Sonnante Gabriella , Sestili Francesco , Lafiandra Domenico , De Vita Pasquale
Published: March 2023

Although wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the main staple crop in the world and a major source of carbohydrates and proteins, functional genomics and allele mining are still big challenges. Given the advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, the identification of causal variants associated with a target phenotype has become feasible. For these reasons, here, by combining sequence capture and target-enrichment methods with high-throughput NGS re-sequencing, we were able to scan at exome-wide level 46 randomly selected bread wheat individuals from a recombinant inbred line population and to identify and classify a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). For technical validation of results, eight randomly selected SNPs were converted into Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers. This resource was established as an accessible and reusable molecular toolkit for allele data mining. The dataset we are making available could be exploited for novel studies on bread wheat genetics and as a foundation for starting breeding programs aimed at improving different key agronomic traits.
Clinical-radiomic analysis for non-invasive prediction of liver steatosis on non-contrast CT: A pilot study
Authors: Tang Shengnan , Wu Jin , Xu Shanshan , Li Qi , He Jian
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Our aim is to build and validate a clinical-radiomic model for non-invasive liver steatosis prediction based on non-contrast computed tomography (CT).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 342 patients with suspected NAFLD diagnoses between January 2019 and July 2020 who underwent non-contrast CT and liver biopsy. Radiomics features from hepatic and splenic regions-of-interests (ROIs) were extracted based on abdominal non-contrast CT imaging. The radiomics signature was constructed based on reproducible features by adopting the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Then, multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to develop a combined clinical-radiomic nomogram integrating radiomics signature with several independent clinical predictors in a training cohort of 124 patients between January 2019 and December 2019. The performance of models was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves. We conducted an internal validation during 103 consecutive patients between January 2020 and July 2020.

Results: The radiomics signature was composed of four steatosis-related features and positively correlated with pathologic liver steatosis grade (p < 0.01). In both subgroups (Group One, none vs. steatosis; Group Two, none/mild vs. moderate/severe steatosis), the clinical-radiomic model performed best within the validation cohort with an AUC of 0.734 and 0.930, respectively. The calibration curve confirmed the concordance of excellent models.

Conclusion: We developed a robust clinical-radiomic model for accurate liver steatosis stage prediction in a non-invasive way, which may improve the clinical decision-making ability.
How to succeed in implementing community-based breeding programs: Lessons from the field in Eastern and Southern Africa
Authors: Haile Aynalem , Getachew Tesfaye , Rekik Mourad , Abebe Ayele , Abate Zelalem , Jimma Addisu , Mwacharo Joram M. , Mueller Joaquin , Belay Berhanu , Solomon Dawit , Hyera Emil , Nguluma Athumani S. , Gondwe Timothy , Rischkowsky Barbara
Published: March 2023

Breeding programs involving either centralized nucleus schemes and/or importation of exotic germplasm for crossbreeding were not successful and sustainable in most Africa countries. Community-based breeding programs (CBBPs) are now suggested as alternatives that aim to improve local breeds and concurrently conserve them. Community-based breeding program is unique in that it involves the different actors from the initial phase of design up until implementation of the programs, gives farmers the knowledge, skills and support they need to continue making improvements long into the future and is suitable for low input systems. In Ethiopia, we piloted CBBPs in sheep and goats, and the results show that they are technically feasible to implement, generate genetic gains in breeding goal traits and result in socio-economic impact. In Malawi, CBBPs were piloted in local goats, and results showed substantial gain in production traits of growth and carcass yields. CBBPs are currently being integrated into goat pass-on programs in few NGOs and is out-scaled to local pig production. Impressive results have also been generated from pilot CBBPs in Tanzania. From experiential monitoring and learning, their success depends on the following: 1) identification of the right beneficiaries; 2) clear framework for dissemination of improved genetics and an up/out scaling strategy; 3) institutional arrangements including establishment of breeders’ cooperatives to support functionality and sustainability; 4) capacity development of the different actors on animal husbandry, breeding practices, breeding value estimation and sound financial management; 5) easy to use mobile applications for data collection and management; 6) long-term technical support mainly in data management, analysis and feedback of estimated breeding values from committed and accessible technical staff; 7) complementary services including disease prevention and control, proper feeding, and market linkages for improved genotypes and non-selected counterparts; 8) a system for certification of breeding rams/bucks to ensure quality control; 9) periodic program evaluation and impact assessment; and 10) flexibility in the implementation of the programs. Lessons relating to technical, institutional, community dynamics and the innovative approaches followed are discussed.
Genome-wide identification, characterization, and validation of the bHLH transcription factors in grass pea
Authors: Alsamman Alsamman M. , Abdelsattar Mohamed , El Allali Achraf , Radwan Khaled H. , Nassar Ahmed E. , Mousa Khaled H. , Hussein Ahmed , Mokhtar Morad M. , Abd El-Maksoud Mamdouh M. , Istanbuli Tawffiq , Kehel Zakaria , Hamwieh Aladdin
Published: March 2023

Background: The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor is a vital component in plant biology, with a significant impact on various aspects of plant growth, cell development, and physiological processes. Grass pea is a vital agricultural crop that plays a crucial role in food security. However, the lack of genomic information presents a major challenge to its improvement and development. This highlights the urgency for deeper investigation into the function of bHLH genes in grass pea to improve our understanding of this important crop.

Results: The identification of bHLH genes in grass pea was performed on a genome-wide scale using genomic and transcriptomic screening. A total of 122 genes were identified as having conserved bHLH domains and were functionally and fully annotated. The LsbHLH proteins could be classified into 18 subfamilies. There were variations in intron-exon distribution, with some genes lacking introns. The cis-element and gene enrichment analyses showed that the LsbHLHs were involved in various plant functions, including response to phytohormones, flower and fruit development, and anthocyanin synthesis. A total of 28 LsbHLHs were found to have cis-elements associated with light response and endosperm expression biosynthesis. Ten conserved motifs were identified across the LsbHLH proteins. The protein-protein interaction analysis showed that all LsbHLH proteins interacted with each other, and nine of them displayed high levels of interaction. RNA-seq analysis of four Sequence Read Archive (SRA) experiments showed high expression levels of LsbHLHs across a range of environmental conditions. Seven highly expressed genes were selected for qPCR validation, and their expression patterns in response to salt stress showed that LsbHLHD4, LsbHLHD5, LsbHLHR6, LsbHLHD8, LsbHLHR14, LsbHLHR68, and LsbHLHR86 were all expressed in response to salt stress.

Conclusion: The study provides an overview of the bHLH family in the grass pea genome and sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth and evolution of this crop. The report covers the diversity in gene structure, expression patterns, and potential roles in regulating plant growth and response to environmental stress factors in grass pea. The identified candidate LsbHLHs could be utilized as a tool to enhance the resilience and adaptation of grass pea to environmental stress.
Biomarkers of fibrosis, kidney tissue injury and inflammation may predict severity and outcome of renal ANCA – associated vasculitis
Authors: Satrapova Veronika , Sparding Nadja , Genovese Federica , Karsdal Morten Asser , Bartonova Lenka , Frausova Doubravka , Honsova Eva , Kollar Marek , Suchanek Miloslav , Koprivova Helena , Rysava Romana , Bednarova Vladimira , Tesar Vladimir , Hruskova Zdenka
Published: March 2023

Background

Activity and chronicity of kidney involvement in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) can be currently reliably evaluated only by kidney biopsy. In this study, we measured a panel of serum and urinary biomarkers collected at the time of kidney biopsy and hypothesized that they could reflect specific histopathological parameters in the biopsy and help to predict prognosis.

Methods

We examined a cohort of 45 patients with AAV and 10 healthy controls. Biomarker levels (DKK-3, CD163, EGF, PRO-C6 and C3M) were measured in this study by ELISA. Biopsies were scored with a scoring system for AAV (focal x crescentic x sclerotic x mixed class) and interstitial fibrosis was quantified.

Results

Levels of urinary DKK-3, CD163, EGF, PRO-C6 and C3M significantly differed among biopsy classes in AAV, with urinary DKK-3 and PRO-C6 levels being highest in the sclerotic class and lowest in the focal class, urinary CD163 levels highest in the crescentic class and urinary C3M levels highest in the focal class. Moreover, the urinary biomarkers were able to discriminate focal biopsy class from the other classes. Urinary DKK-3, EGF, PRO-C6 and C3M levels measured at the time of biopsy were also significantly related to the extent of fibrosis and to the final kidney function at the end of follow-up.

Conclusions

This small pilot study suggests that selected urinary biomarkers of fibrosis and inflammation may reflect changes in the kidney biopsy and be prognostic of kidney outcome in patients with AAV.
Lagrangian analysis of material transport around the headland in the Yellow River Estuary
Authors: Lou Qi , Li Zhengyan , Zhang Xueqing , Xiang Xusheng , Cao Zhendong
Published: March 2023

Material transport around the headland has received more attention. To reveal the material transport pattern and its response to the topography in the Yellow River Estuary (YRE), in this paper, three Lagrangian analysis methods, including Lagrangian residual current, particle tracking model, and Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs), are used to analyze the material horizontal transport near the headland in the YRE. The results of the study show that the headland plays an important role in the hydrodynamic processes and material transport in the YRE. Due to the current shear induced by the topography, materials easily diffuse, forming a front around the headland. Due to the blocking and shading effects of the headland, the materials tend to accumulate on the right side of the headland (facing the sea). The above three Lagrangian methods can describe the characteristics of the material distribution, but the LCS method is superior in comparison. Due to their more stable spatial structure, LCSs can be used to analyze the transport of pollutants, larvae, microplastics, etc. in the YRE.
Stochastic schemes for the perturbation of the atmospheric boundary conditions in ocean general circulation models
Authors: Storto Andrea , Yang Chunxue
Published: March 2023

Advancing the representation of uncertainties in ocean general circulation numerical models is required for several applications, ranging from data assimilation to climate monitoring and extended-range prediction systems. The atmospheric forcing represents one of the main uncertainty sources in numerical ocean models. Here, we formulate and revise different approaches to perturb the air-sea fluxes used within the atmospheric boundary conditions. In particular, perturbation of the fluxes is performed either through i) stochastic modulation of the air-sea transfer coefficients; ii) stochastic modulation of the air-sea flux tendencies; iii) coarse-graining of stochastic sub-grid computation of the fluxes; or iv) multiple bulk formulas. The schemes are implemented and tested in the NEMO4 ocean model, implemented at an eddy-permitting resolution on a domain covering the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. A series of 22-year 4-member ensemble experiments with different stochastic schemes are performed and analyzed for the period 2000-2021, and results are compared in terms of the ensemble mean and, when applicable, ensemble spread of the principal oceanic diagnostics. Results indicate that the schemes, in general, can significantly improve some verification skill scores (e.g. against drifter current speed, SST analyses, and hydrographic profiles) and, in some cases, enhance the mesoscale activity and weaken the large-scale circulation. The response, however, is different depending on the specific scheme, whose choice thus depends on the target application, as detailed in the paper. These findings foster the adoption of these schemes in both extended-range operational ocean forecasts and coupled long-range climate prediction systems, where the boundary conditions perturbations may contribute to performance increases.
Crack sliding model for non-shear FRP-reinforced slender concrete elements under shear
Authors: El-said Amr , Awad Ahmed , El-Sayed Taha A. , Özkılıç Yasin Onuralp , Deifalla A. , Tawfik Maged
Published: March 2023

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-reinforced concrete (RC) elements fail under one-way shear in a devastating and complicated manner with no adequate warning. In recent decades, there has been pioneering research in this area; however, there is no agreement among researchers regarding mechanically-based models. Thus, in this current study, a plasticity-based model is developed for FRP-RC elements under shear. A selected model was firstly assessed for its accuracy, consistency, and safety against an extensive experimental database. Secondly, a plasticity-based model (i.e., crack shear sliding model) was adapted, refined, and proposed for FRP-RC elements under one-way shear. The two proposed models were found to be reliable and more accurate with respect to selected existing methods. Modeling of FRP’s axial rigidity is more consistent only under Young’s modulus with respect to the experimental database. Several concluding remarks on the selected existing models are outlined and discussed to assist the future development of these models and design codes.
Successful management of tracheal lobular capillary hemangioma with arterial embolization followed by electrosurgical snaring via flexible bronchoscopy in an 11-year-old boy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tao Xiaofen , Wu Lei , Li Shuxian , Wu Yuxin , Lai Can , Chen Enguo , Chen Zhenjie , Jin Guoping , Wang Yingshuo
Published: March 2023

Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH), previously known as pyogenic granuloma, is a benign vascular lesion commonly found within the oral and nasal cavities. However, it is rarely encountered within the trachea, especially in pediatric patients, where it manifests as hemoptysis, cough, and wheeze, and is frequently misdiagnosed as bronchitis or asthma. There is limited literature on the presentation, behavior, and management of tracheal LCH. Herein, we describe a rare case of tracheal LCH in an 11-year-old boy with a history of hemoptysis, which was successfully managed with arterial embolization followed by electrocautery loop snaring via flexible bronchoscopy. No complications occurred during and after the procedure. A review of the relevant literature is also provided. Our case is unique, given the therapeutic strategy utilized for pediatric tracheal LCH, and reminds physicians to be aware of tracheal LCH in the differential diagnosis for hemoptysis.
Innovative minimally invasive implants for osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Luo Yi , Yang Da-Mei , Yang Hong-Mei , Wu Di , Xie Feng-Ying
Published: March 2023

With increasing population aging, osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), resulting in severe back pain and functional impairment, have become progressively common. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) as minimally invasive procedures have revolutionized OVCFs treatment. However, PVP- and PKP-related complications, such as symptomatic cement leakage and adjacent vertebral fractures, continue to plague physicians. Consequently, progressively more implants for OVCFs have been developed recently to overcome the shortcomings of traditional procedures. Therefore, we conducted a literature review on several new implants for OVCFs, including StaXx FX, Vertebral Body Stenting, Vesselplasty, Sky Bone Expander, Kiva, Spine Jack, Osseofix, Optimesh, Jack, and V-strut. Additionally, this review highlights the individualized applications of these implants for OVCFs. Nevertheless, current clinical studies on these innovative implants remain limited. Future prospective, randomized, and controlled studies are needed to elucidate the effectiveness and indications of these new implants for OVCFs.
Assessment and management of pain/nociception in patients with disorders of consciousness or locked-in syndrome: A narrative review
Authors: Bonin Estelle A. C. , Lejeune Nicolas , Szymkowicz Emilie , Bonhomme Vincent , Martial Charlotte , Gosseries Olivia , Laureys Steven , Thibaut Aurore
Published: March 2023

The assessment and management of pain and nociception is very challenging in patients unable to communicate functionally such as patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) or in locked-in syndrome (LIS). In a clinical setting, the detection of signs of pain and nociception by the medical staff is therefore essential for the wellbeing and management of these patients. However, there is still a lot unknown and a lack of clear guidelines regarding the assessment, management and treatment of pain and nociception in these populations. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the current knowledge regarding this issue by covering different topics such as: the neurophysiology of pain and nociception (in healthy subjects and patients), the source and impact of nociception and pain in DoC and LIS and, finally, the assessment and treatment of pain and nociception in these populations. In this review we will also give possible research directions that could help to improve the management of this specific population of severely brain damaged patients.
A biophoton method for identifying the quality states of fresh Chinese herbs
Authors: Cao Baorui , Wang Zhiying , Zhang Jiayi , Fu Jialei , Zhang Zhongwen , Du Jinxin , Deng Tingting , Pang Jingxiang , Yang Meina , Han Jinxiang
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The quality of Chinese herbs is the basis for ensuring their safety and efficacy. However, the quality evaluation system is imperfect. In particular, there is a lack of quality evaluation methods for fresh Chinese herbs during growth. The biophoton is a common phenomenon and provides complete information about the interior of the living system, which is consistent with the holistic concept of traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, we aim to correlate the biophoton characteristics with the quality states to find the biophoton parameters that can characterize the quality states of fresh Chinese herbs.

Methods: The biophoton characteristics of motherwort and safflower were measured and characterized by the counts per second (CPS) in the steady state and the initial intensity (I0) and coherent time (T) of delayed luminescence. The active ingredient content was measured by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The pigment content of motherwort leaves was measured by UV spectrophotometry. The t-test and correlation analysis were performed on the experimental results.

Results: The CPS and I0 of motherwort and I0 of safflower showed a significant downward trend during the growth process, and their active ingredient content showed a trend that increased and then decreased. The CPS, I0, and the content of active ingredients and pigments in a healthy state were significantly higher than those in a poor state, while T showed the opposite results. The CPS and I0 were all significantly and positively correlated with the content of active ingredients and pigments, while the T of motherwort showed the opposite results.

Conclusion: It is feasible to identify the quality states of fresh Chinese herbs by using their biophoton characteristics. Both CPS and I0 have better correlations with the quality states and can be considered characteristic parameters of the quality of fresh Chinese herbs.
Study on effect of gas-liquid two phase physical feature on slug flow in microchannels
Authors: Wang Lin lin
Published: March 2023

At present, there are relatively few studies on the slug flow generation mode obtained by exchanging gas-liquid two-phase inlets. In this study, an experimental system combining microfluidic devices and high-speed cameras was used to study the effects of gas-liquid two-phase flow rate, liquid physical parameters, etc., On the characteristic length, generation period and other generation characteristics of slug flow, and dimensionless analysis was conducted to investigate the main factors affecting the characteristic length of gas slug. Results show that 1) when the gas flow rate affects the aeroelastic generation characteristics, the aeroelastic characteristic length increases from 443 μm when the gas flow rate increases changes to 657 μm. The generation period decreases rapidly at first and then the change amplitude slows down. The maximum value of aeroelastic generation frequency is 217 s-1; 2) when studying the effect of different liquid flow rates, increasing the liquid flow rate, the characteristic length of the gas bomb gradually decreases, and the generation period of the gas bomb gradually increases. Aeroelastic characteristic length from 770 μm changes to 378 μm. The range of aeroelastic generation cycle is 4–13.4 ms, and the maximum value of aeroelastic generation frequency is 250 s-1; 3) there is a functional relationship between the ratio of aeroelastic characteristic length to channel size L/d and dimensionless gas-liquid flow ratio Q*, Reynolds number Re, Weber number We: L/d=3.677Q*0.58/Re0.11.
Smoothed particle hydrodynamics method for free surface flow based on MPI parallel computing
Authors: Long Sifan , Wong Kelvin K. L. , Fan Xiaokang , Guo Xiaowei , Yang Canqun
Published: March 2023

In the field of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is very suitable for simulating problems with large deformation, free surface flow and other types of flow scenarios. However, traditional smoothed particle hydrodynamics methods suffer from the problem of high computation complexity, which constrains their application in scenarios with accuracy requirements. DualSPHysics is an excellent smoothed particle hydrodynamics software proposed in academia. Based on this tool, this paper presents a largescale parallel smoothed particle hydrodynamics framework: parallelDualSPHysics, which can solve the simulation of large-scale free surface flow. First, an efficient domain decomposition algorithm is proposed. And the data structure of DualSPHysics in a parallel framework is reshaped. Secondly, we proposed a strategy of overlapping computation and communication to the parallel particle interaction and particle update module, which greatly improves the parallel efficiency of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method. Finally, we also added the pre-processing and post-processing modules to enable parallelDualSPHysics to run in modern high performance computers. In addition, a thorough evaluation shows that the 3 to 120 million particles tested can still maintain more than 90% computing efficiency, which demonstrates that the parallel strategy can achieve superior parallel efficiency.
Comparative analysis of the MYB gene family in seven Ipomoea species
Authors: Si Zengzhi , Wang Lianjun , Ji Zhixin , Zhao Mingming , Zhang Kai , Qiao Yake
Published: March 2023

The MYB transcription factors regulate plant growth, development, and defense responses. However, information about the MYB gene family in Ipomoea species is rare. Herein, we performed a comprehensive genome-wide comparative analysis of this gene family among seven Ipomoea species, sweet potato (I. batatas), I. trifida, I. triloba, I. nil, I. purpurea, I. cairica, and I. aquatic, and identified 296, 430, 411, 291, 226, 281, and 277 MYB genes, respectively. The identified MYB genes were classified into five types: 1R-MYB (MYB-related), 2R-MYB (R2R3-MYB), 3R-MYB (R1R2R3-MYB), 4R-MYB, and 5R-MYB, and the MYB-related or R2R3-MYB type was the most abundant MYB genes in the seven species. The Ipomoea MYB genes were classed into distinct subgroups based on the phylogenetic topology and the classification of the MYB superfamily in Arabidopsis. Analysis of gene structure and protein motifs revealed that members within the same phylogenetic group presented similar exon/intron and motif organization. The identified MYB genes were unevenly mapped on the chromosomes of each Ipomoea species. Duplication analysis indicated that segmental and tandem duplications contribute to expanding the Ipomoea MYB genes. Non-synonymous substitution (Ka) to synonymous substitution (Ks) [Ka/Ks] analysis showed that the duplicated Ipomoea MYB genes are mainly under purifying selection. Numerous cis-regulatory elements related to stress responses were detected in the MYB promoters. Six sweet potato transcriptome datasets referring to abiotic and biotic stresses were analyzed, and MYB different expression genes’ (DEGs’) responses to stress treatments were detected. Moreover, 10 sweet potato MYB DEGs were selected for qRT-PCR analysis. The results revealed that four responded to biotic stress (stem nematodes and Ceratocystis fimbriata pathogen infection) and six responded to the biotic stress (cold, drought, and salt). The results may provide new insights into the evolution of MYB genes in the Ipomoea genome and contribute to the future molecular breeding of sweet potatoes.
A longitudinal study of the effect of individual and socio-cultural factors on students’ creativity
Authors: Park Hye-sook , Kang Seokmin , Kim Sungyeun
Published: March 2023

This longitudinal study investigated how characteristics of individual and social relationships affect Korean students’ creativity development. Fifth graders (male: 3,623, female: 3,701) from 242 schools in Korea were followed annually from their 5th to 9th grades (indicating from the 5th elementary school grade to the 3rd middle school grade in the Korean school system). Exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency reliability (coefficient alpha), confirmatory factor analysis, and two-level growth model methods were performed. We investigated all nine constructs and their related items by checking metric and scalar invariance assumptions. When the measurement invariance assumptions were satisfied, we used the mean of items that constitute respective factors. We checked growth trajectories of creativity and tapped the possibility of the existence of subgroups based on the growth/change pattern using latent class growth modeling. The results showed that no subgroups existed. Thus, we constructed a two-level growth model to investigate the overall growth pattern of the students. Regarding level 1, we included time-varying variables such as peer attachment, self-regulation habits (self-management), parents’ academy-oriented involvement, parent affective support, individualized, interactive teaching methods, teachers’ academic pressure, and academic achievement. At level 2, we used gender and parenting style that was obtained at time point 1. The final combined model incorporating level 1 and 2 variables showed that students’ self-regulation had the most association with the student’s creativity followed by peer attachment, parents’ academic support, interaction with parents, interaction with teachers, academic pressure from teachers, and relationships with teachers. Methods for enhancing students’ creativity were discussed.
Machine learning models based on clinical indices and cardiotocographic features for discriminating asphyxia fetuses—Porto retrospective intrapartum study
Authors: Ribeiro Maria , Nunes Inês , Castro Luísa , Costa-Santos Cristina , S. Henriques Teresa
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Perinatal asphyxia is one of the most frequent causes of neonatal mortality, affecting approximately four million newborns worldwide each year and causing the death of one million individuals. One of the main reasons for these high incidences is the lack of consensual methods of early diagnosis for this pathology. Estimating risk-appropriate health care for mother and baby is essential for increasing the quality of the health care system. Thus, it is necessary to investigate models that improve the prediction of perinatal asphyxia. Access to the cardiotocographic signals (CTGs) in conjunction with various clinical parameters can be crucial for the development of a successful model.

Objectives

This exploratory work aims to develop predictive models of perinatal asphyxia based on clinical parameters and fetal heart rate (fHR) indices.

Methods

Single gestations data from a retrospective unicentric study from Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto de São João (CHUSJ) between 2010 and 2018 was probed. The CTGs were acquired and analyzed by Omniview-SisPorto, estimating several fHR features. The clinical variables were obtained from the electronic clinical records stored by ObsCare. Entropy and compression characterized the complexity of the fHR time series. These variables' contribution to the prediction of asphyxia perinatal was probed by binary logistic regression (BLR) and Naive-Bayes (NB) models.

Results

The data consisted of 517 cases, with 15 pathological cases. The asphyxia prediction models showed promising results, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) >70%. In NB approaches, the best models combined clinical and SisPorto features. The best model was the univariate BLR with the variable compression ratio scale 2 (CR2) and an AUC of 94.93% [94.55; 95.31%].

Conclusion

Both BLR and Bayesian models have advantages and disadvantages. The model with the best performance predicting perinatal asphyxia was the univariate BLR with the CR2 variable, demonstrating the importance of non-linear indices in perinatal asphyxia detection. Future studies should explore decision support systems to detect sepsis, including clinical and CTGs features (linear and non-linear).
Ocular biological parameters and prevalence of myopia in vocational high school and general high school in China
Authors: Liu Yang , Meng Dexin , Wang Yun , Wang Xuechun , Xue Caihong , Hao Rui , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Significance

Higher prevalence of myopia is possibly associated with more extended schooling schedules. Therefore, adjustments to high school curricula may aid in reducing the prevalence of myopia among adolescents.

Purpose

To investigate the prevalence of myopia among 15- to 18-year-old adolescents in Tianjin, China, and to evaluate the impact of different educational schedules on the prevalence of myopia among high school students.

Methods

This is a school-based epidemiological study with a cross-sectional design. Ocular biological parameters and noncycloplegic photorefraction were examined using optical biometry devices and photoscreener devices. Each student’s spherical equivalent (SE) and ocular biometry were recorded, and the prevalence of myopia was calculated.

Results

A total of 2,867 participants (1,519 males and 1,348 females) were tested for non-cycloplegic refraction, axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT). In this research, the overall prevalence of myopia was 81.6%, with high myopia accounting for 11.8%. Myopia prevalence was substantially higher in general high schools than in vocational high schools, with 86.1 and 70.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of myopia (p = 0.744) or high myopia (p = 0.851) across the three vocational school years. In the general high school, however, there was an increase of 4.6% (p < 0.05) in myopia prevalence between year 10 and year12.

Conclusion

Comparing vocational and standard high school students, there are considerable disparities in prevalence of myopia, spherical equivalent, and ocular biological parameters. The prevalence of myopia and high myopia increased among standard high school students, but remained relatively consistent among students in vocational schools.
Profile and characteristics of the adequacy of blood transfusions in Trauma Intensive Care. A cross sectional multicenter study
Authors: Juárez-Vela Raúl , Quintana-Diaz Manuel , Rodríguez-Calvo Antonio , Santos-Sánchez José Ángel , Gero-Escapa María , Gallego-Curto Elena , Satústegui-Dordá Pedro José , Sánchez-González Juan Luis , Jericó Carlos , Ruiz de Viñaspre-Hernández Regina , Gil-Fernández Guadalupe , García-Erce José Antonio
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Major trauma is one of the major health care problems facing modern society, trauma systems require careful planning to achieve an ideal level of coverage for the population. The Patient Blood Management Program is an integrated and global strategy to provide patient care that aims to assess and address, when possible, the etiology of blood abnormalities rather than transfuse without treating the underlying cause. We aimed to describe the factors that are associated with the clinical decision to transfuse polytraumatized patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Method

We performed a cross sectional multicenter study of patients admitted to ICUs for trauma in 14 Spanish hospitals from September 2020 to December 2021.

Results

A total of 69 patients were treated in the emergency room due to polytrauma, 46% of them were considered serious in the initial triage. Thirty were caused by a fall from considerable height (43.47%), followed by 39 patients admitted due to trac accidents (56.52%). The location of the trauma was mainly cranioencephalic, followed by thoracic trauma. Of the 69 patients, 25 received a blood transfusion during their ICU stay (36.23%).

Discussion

No significant differences were observed between transfused and non-transfused patients, except for the severity scales, where transfused patients have a higher score on all the scales assessed in the ICU except for the Revised Trauma Score. As we can see, the incidence of kidney failure was also different between the groups analyzed, reaching 44.00% in transfused patients and 13.64% in the group of patients without blood transfusion, p = 0.005. In this sense, 92.00% of the transfusions performed were inadequate according to the criteria of Hb in blood prior to the decision to transfuse (Hb < 9). Our data support the need to consider clinical practice guidelines regarding blood transfusion and its practices.
Connectome-based predictive modeling shows sex differences in brain-based predictors of memory performance
Authors: Ju Suyeon , Horien Corey , Shen Xilin , Abuwarda Hamid , Trainer Anne , Constable R. Todd , Fredericks Carolyn A.
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) takes a more aggressive course in women than men, with higher prevalence and faster progression. Amnestic AD specifically targets the default mode network (DMN), which subserves short-term memory; past research shows relative hyperconnectivity in the posterior DMN in aging women. Higher reliance on this network during memory tasks may contribute to women's elevated AD risk. Here, we applied connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), a robust linear machine-learning approach, to the Lifespan Human Connectome Project-Aging (HCP-A) dataset (n = 579). We sought to characterize sex-based predictors of memory performance in aging, with particular attention to the DMN. Models were evaluated using cross-validation both across the whole group and for each sex separately. Whole-group models predicted short-term memory performance with accuracies ranging from ρ = 0.21–0.45. The best-performing models were derived from an associative memory task-based scan. Sex-specific models revealed significant differences in connectome-based predictors for men and women. DMN activity contributed more to predicted memory scores in women, while within- and between- visual network activity contributed more to predicted memory scores in men. While men showed more segregation of visual networks, women showed more segregation of the DMN. We demonstrate that women and men recruit different circuitry when performing memory tasks, with women relying more on intra-DMN activity and men relying more on visual circuitry. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that women draw more heavily upon the DMN for recollective memory, potentially contributing to women's elevated risk of AD.
Alone in the wilderness—Cultural perspectives to the participants' motives and values from participating in a danish reality TV-show
Authors: Andkjær Søren , Ishøi Astrid
Published: March 2023

This paper focus on the participants in the Danish version of the reality TV-show Alone, named Alone in the wilderness (AIW), and seeks to explore What motives and values are important to the participants in the TV-show (AIW) and how can the show be understood as a cultural phenomenon? The study is qualitative with a design based on a triangulation of different methods: single interviews, transcripts of programs and autoethnographic notes. The analysis is inspired by a hermeneutic approach applying a 6-phased thematic analysis. The participants motives and values from their participation in the TV-show reflect ideas that may be related to the solo experience. On one hand the participants are motivated by the challenges of being alone in the wilderness and they value the possibility of personal development. On the other hand, they value nature and simple life in the outdoors, an experience that seems to grow more important to the participants as time goes. AIW is a competition and some of the participants are highly competitive aiming at winning the show, which however becomes less important during their stay in the wilderness. AIW as a cultural phenomenon reflects ideas and values related to an understanding of adventure and the Nordic tradition of friluftsliv (simple life in the outdoors) and can be related to theories on late modernity focusing on reflectivity and self-identity. The study presents new empirically based knowledge on the motives, values and experiences of people participating in AIW and it presents new theoretically based knowledge on how these motives, values and experiences can be understood as part of outdoor education and recreation and as a cultural phenomenon in late modern society.
Evaluation of YouTube videos addressing thoracoscopic sympathectomy using the LAP-VEGaS guidelines
Authors: Adorisio Ottavio , Davoli Enrico , De Peppo Francesco
Published: March 2023

Introduction

The study aims to evaluate the quality of videos addressing thoracoscopic sympathectomy on YouTube® using the LAParoscopic surgery Video Educational GuidelineS (LAP-VEGaS) criteria.

Methods

YouTube was searched using the following keyword: “thoracoscopic sympathectomy” on August 22, 2021. The first 50 videos were analyzed and classified for baseline characteristics and conformity to the LAP-VEGaS checklist.

Results

Duration ranged from 19 s to 22 min. The mean number of likes was 14.8 (range 0–80). The mean number of dislikes was 2.5 (range 0–14). The mean number of comments was 8.5 (range 0–67). Nineteen videos did not meet our criteria and were excluded. Regarding the remaining 31 videos, none contained all 16 points of the LAP-VEGaS essential checklist (mean 5.4 points, range 2–14 points), with almost all neglecting preoperative information and outcomes. The mean percentage of conformity was 37% (range 12%–93%). The most viewed videos were not associated with higher conformity to LAP-VEGaS criteria showing only 4/16 points (25%).

Conclusions

The quality of videos addressing TS on YouTube®, based on the LAP-VEGaS checklist may be considered not acceptable. Experienced surgeons and surgeons in trainees should be aware of this when using it as a learning resource in their clinical practice.
Hemimaxillectomián átesett páciens protetikai rehabilitációja
Authors: König János , Déri Tamás , Kádár László , Hermann Péter
Published: March 2023

A traumás vagy rezektív sebészeti okból kifolyólag kialakult oronazális vagy oroantrális fisztulák kezelésében két opció áll rendelkezésünkre: a helyreállító sebészi és a helyreállító protetikai ellátás. A választás ezen lehetőségek között azonban a legtöbbször nem egyértelmű: nem tisztázott ugyanis, hogy az adott páciens számára mely kezelési módozat kecsegtetne a legjobb eredménnyel. A cikkben bemutatott eseten keresztül, valamint a terület szakirodalmának áttekintésével körüljárjuk a kérdéskört.
Monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid fogpótlások anyagának spektrofotometriai vizsgálata
Authors: Saláta József , Fehér Dóra , Lenk Sándor , Ujhelyi Ferenc , Borbély Judit , Hermann Péter , Ábrám Emese
Published: March 2023

Bevezetés: Világszerte egyre szélesebb körben alkalmazzák a cirkónium-dioxid kerámiákat monolitikus fogpótlások anyagaként. A teljes kerámiarendszerek esetén a végleges restaurátum esztétikáját a kerámiaanyag színén túl olyan további tényezők is befolyásolják, mint a csonkszín, a kerámia vastagsága és transzlucenciája, illetve a cement színe és rétegvastagsága. Célkitűzés: A Semmelweis Egyetem Fogpótlástani Klinikájának és a Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem Atomfizika Tanszékének közös in vitro kísérletének célja tanulmányozni, hogy a különböző árnyalatú és vastagságú monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid kerámiák optikai tulajdonságait milyen módon befolyásolja a csonkszín és a cementszín. Anyag és módszer: Vizsgálatunkhoz kétféle árnyalatú (A2P1, WHITE), ötféle rétegvastagságú cirkónium-dioxid mintát (Erran Tech), háromféle próbacementet (Variolink Esthetic Try-In Paste, Ivoclar Vivadent), kilencféle csonkanyagot (hat VITA Simulate, három fémtartalmú csonkanyag) használtunk fel. Méréseinket a Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem Atomfizika Tanszékén lévő PerkinElmer LAMBDA 1050 UV/Vis/NIR spektrofotométerrel végeztük el. A színkülönbség (ΔE) számításához a CIEDE2000 képletet alkalmaztuk. Eredmények: 0,5 mm vastagságú A2P1-minták esetén az átlagos ΔE xΔE = 4,10 (σΔE = 2,91); 2,5 mm vastagság mellett xΔE = 1,88 (σΔE = 0,67). 0,5 mm vastagságú WHITE-minták esetén az átlagos ΔE xΔE = 6,40 (σΔE = 2,75); 2,5 mm vastagság mellett xΔE = 5,46 (σΔE = 0,79). Megbeszélés: A kutatás rámutatott arra, hogy a cirkónium-dioxid minták színezettsége és rétegvastagsága nagyban befolyásolja a fedőképességet, illetve 1,5 mm kerámiavastagság mellett a próbacementek szignifikáns színeltérést okoznak. A színezetlen cirkónium-dioxidok színét kevésbé befolyásolja a csonkszín, különösen 1,5 mm rétegvastagság felett. Következtetés: Elszíneződött csonkok monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid fogpótlással való fedése esetén a rétegvastagságnövelésével esztétikusabb végeredményt tudunk elérni a vizsgált színezett cirkónium-dioxid alkalmazása mellett.
Pushing the Limits of Clingo’s Incremental Grounding and Solving Capabilities in Practical Applications
Authors: Balduccini Marcello , Barborak Michael , Ferrucci David
Published: March 2023

Incremental techniques aim at making it possible to improve the performance of the grounding and solving processes by reusing the results of previous executions. Clingo supports both incremental grounding and incremental solving computations. In order to leverage incremental computations in clingo, the incremental fragments of ASP programs must satisfy certain safety-related conditions. In a number of problem domains and reasoning tasks, these conditions can be satisfied in a fairly straightforward way. However, we have observed that in certain practical applications, satisfying the conditions becomes more challenging, to the point that it is sometimes unclear how or even if it is possible to leverage incremental computations. In this paper, we report our findings, and ultimate success, with the use of incremental grounding and solving techniques in one of these challenging cases. We describe the domain, which is linked to a large practical application, discuss the challenges we faced in attempting to leverage incremental computations, and then describe the techniques that we developed, in particular at the level of methods for encoding the domain knowledge and of algorithms supporting the intended interleaving of grounding and solving. We believe that our findings may provide valuable information to practitioners facing similar challenges and ultimately increase the adoption of clingo’s incremental capabilities for complex practical applications.