bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enteral Nutrition: Based on the Combination of Nutrison Fibre and TPF-DM with A Marine Biological-Based Active Polysaccharide Preparation
Authors: Tang Qiuyue , Cheng Yaqin
Published: June 2022

Good nutrition is essential for human growth, wound healing, and spiritual vitality. However, some individuals are unable to eat or experience gastrointestinal problems such as severe diarrhea, vomiting, gastric retention, and even gastrointestinal bleeding for a variety of causes. Therefore, it has important clinical significance to provide patients with required nutrients and maintain the integrity of the body’s tissues and organs through enteral nutrition. Based on this, this work uses a dual carrier of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to carry marine biopolysaccharides combined with sodium alginate (PSS) and successfully obtains the intestinal tract based on marine bioactive polysaccharides. Nutritional oral biological preparations (PSS-PLA/PVA) also cooperate with enteral nutritional suspension (diabetes) (TPF-DM) and Nutrison fibre to provide enteral nutritional support for critically ill patients. PSS-PLA/PVA has been shown in clinical studies to increase the effect of enteral nutrition support, the function of intestinal T lymphatic tissue, and the ability to control immunological function, indicating that it is worthy of further clinical development.
Decision Analysis Approach Based on 2‐Tuple Linguistic m‐Polar Fuzzy Hamacher Aggregation Operators
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Noreen Uzma , Ali Al-Shamiri Mohammed M.
Published: June 2022

This research article is devoted to presenting the concept of 2‐tuple linguistic m‐polar fuzzy sets (2 TL m FSs) and introducing some fundamental operations on them. With 2 TL m FSs, we shall be able to capture imprecise information with high generality. With the appropriate operators, we shall be able to apply 2 TL m FSs in decision‐making efficiently. The aggregation operators that we propose are the 2 TL m F Hamacher weighted average (2 TL m FHWA) operator, 2 TL m F Hamacher ordered weighted average (2 TL m FHOWA) operator, 2 TL m Hamacher hybrid average (2 TL m FHHA) operator, 2 TL m F Hamacher weighted geometric (2 TL m HWG) operator, 2 TL m Hamacher ordered weighted geometric (2 TL m HOWG) operator, and 2 TL m F Hamacher hybrid geometric (2 TL m FHHG) operator. We investigate their properties, including the standard cases of monotonicity, boundedness, and idempotency. Then we develop an algorithm to solve multicriteria decision‐making problems formulated with 2 TL m F information. The 2 TL m F data in multiattribute decision‐making are merged with the help of aggregation operators, and we consider the particular instances of the 2 TL m FHA and 2 TL m FHG operators. The influence of the parameters on the outputs is explored with a numerical simulation. Moreover, a comparative study with existing methods was performed in order to show the applicability of the proposed model and motivate the discussion about its virtues and advantages. The results confirm that the model here developed is reliable for decision‐making purposes.
Research on Application of Microbial Exploration Technology Based on Abnormal Index System
Authors: Yuan Zhihua , Zhang Yuqing
Published: June 2022

MPOG (microbial prospecting of oil and gas) technology has its unique advantages, and the microbial anomaly index system lays the basis for comprehensive evaluation of MPOG data and prospect prediction of target areas. In view of the problem that the current exploration technology is limited in the areas where seismic exploration is difficult to reach or difficult to implement, this article uses modern biotechnology to discuss the technical mechanism of microbial exploration technology and the indicators of abnormal technology system in detail, on the basis of known oil and gas properties of completed wells. In order to establish a reference system suitable for the actual geological characteristics of oilfields, and to further improve the index system for identifying oil and gas microbial abnormalities in oil and gas areas, specific microbial abnormal indicators are isolated, cultivated, and detected. Combining the geological characteristics of the work area, drilling and oil testing data, and classification evaluation of oil and gas-bearing areas, as well as oil and gas prospects, is performed. MPOG technology has a certain applicability in the evaluation of oil and gas properties. The research in this article can provide a favorable reference for the selection of favorable oil and gas zones and well location deployment.
Observation on the Efficacy of Ginkgo Ketone Ester Drop Pill in Improving Hypertension Combined with Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: Zhang Jie , Ma Yingli
Published: June 2022

Purpose. To observe and analyze the efficacy of Ginkgo ketone ester drop pill intervention in patients with hypertension combined with carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Methods. The subjects were 300 patients with hypertension complicated with carotid atherosclerotic plaque treated in our hospital from January 2019 to September 2021. The grouping was done by the random number table method and 300 patients were divided equally into 2 groups. One group was treated with Western medicine alone (clopidogrel sulfate tablets, phenyl amlodipine tablets, irbesartan tablets, and resorvastatin) as the Western medicine group (WM group, n = 150), and one group was added to this intervention with Ginkgo ketone ester drop pill as the Chinese medicine group (CM group, n = 150). The observation indexes were the improvement of blood pressure (systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)), blood lipids (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC)), vascular endothelial function (nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1)), inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)), plaque (intimal medial thickness (IMT) of carotid artery and plaque area), and efficacy after intervention and adverse effects during intervention in both groups. Results. After intervention, SBP, DBP, LDL-C, TG, and TC levels were lower and HDL-C levels were higher in both groups than before intervention in the same group, and both CM groups improved significantly compared with the WM group (

P
<
0.05

). After intervention, NO levels were higher and ET-1 levels were lower in both groups than before the intervention in the same group, and both CM groups improved significantly compared with the WM group (

P
<
0.05

). After intervention, CRP and IL-6 levels were lower in both groups than before intervention in the same group, and both CM groups improved significantly compared with the WM group (

P
<
0.05

). After intervention, IMT and plaque area were lower in both groups than before intervention in the same group and both CM groups improved significantly compared with the WM group (

P
<
0.05

). The total effective number of the CM group was better than the WM group (

P
<
0.05

), and there was no significant difference in the adverse reactions number in both groups (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusions. The treatment of hypertension combined with carotid atherosclerotic plaque with Ginkgo ketone ester drop pill helps to improve the blood pressure, blood lipid, and vascular endothelial function of patients and helps to inhibit the inflammation level and atherosclerotic plaque of patients, with significant efficacy and no significant adverse effects in patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Intelligent Algorithm-Based Echocardiography to Evaluate the Effect of Lung Protective Ventilation Strategy on Cardiac Function and Hemodynamics in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Gong Chao , Zhang Yi , Wang Yun , Wang Xiaoli , Zhao Xiao , Chen Lianhua , Li Shitong
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of optimal pulmonary compliance titration of PEEP regimen on cardiac function and hemodynamics in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. 120 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer were included as the study subjects and randomly divided into the experimental group (

n
=
60

) and the control group (

n
=
60

). The control group had a fixed positive end-expiratory

pressure
 

PEEP

=
5

 cmH2O. The experimental group had transesophageal ultrasound monitoring through on an improved noise reduction algorithm (ONLM) based on nonlocal mean filtering (NLM) according to optimal pulmonary compliance titration of PEEP. There was significant difference in cerebral oxygen saturation and blood glucose level at T4-T6 between the experimental group and the control group (

P
<
0.05

); the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), figure of merit (FOM), and structural similarity (SSIM) of ONLM algorithm were significantly higher than those of NLM algorithm and Bayes Shrink denoising algorithm, and the differences were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

); there was significant difference in stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) at T4-T6 between the experimental group and the control group (

P
<
0.05

); there was significant difference in pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), and PO2 at T4-T6 between the experimental group and the control group (

P
<
0.05

); pH was higher, and PCO2 and PO2 were lower in the experimental group. The results showed that transesophageal ultrasound based on the ONLM algorithm can accurately assess cardiac function and hemodynamics in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. In addition, optimal pulmonary compliance titration of PEEP could better maintain arterial acid-base balance during perioperative period and increase cerebral oxygen saturation and CO, but this strategy had no significant effect on hemodynamics.
Efficacy of Early Video Capsule Endoscopy for Acute Overt Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding with Colonic Diverticulosis: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Aoki Tomonori , Yamada Atsuo , Niikura Ryota , Nakada Ayako , Suzuki Nobumi , Hayakawa Yoku , Hirata Yoshihiro , Koike Kazuhiko , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims: Although most patients with presumptive colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB) do not undergo a small bowel investigation in clinical practice, no prospective study supports this management. We evaluated the utility of early small bowel capsule endoscopy (CE) after negative colonoscopy results. Methods: This prospective study evaluated the diagnostic yield of early small bowel CE (≤3 days from visit) for consecutive patients with acute-onset hematochezia, when colonoscopy found colonic diverticulosis but did not identify the definite bleeding source (n = 51; presumptive CDB). As a matched control for comparing clinical outcomes, presumptive CDB patients without CE (n = 51) were retrospectively extracted. Results: On CE for the prospective cohort, the rates of total positive findings, P2 findings (high bleeding potential according to the P classification), and blood pooling in the colon were 57%, 12% (ulceration, 8%; angioectasia, 4%), and 24%, respectively. The rates of rebleeding within 30 and 365 days were 16% and 29% in the prospective cohort with CE, respectively, and were not significantly different from those in the retrospective cohort without CE (10% and 25%, respectively). In addition, thromboembolism and mortality within 30 and 365 days were not significantly different between those with and without CE. Conclusion: Early CE detected a suspected small bowel bleeding source in 12% of acute-onset presumptive CDB patients but did not significantly improve major clinical outcomes. Therefore, routine CE is unnecessary for presumptive CDB patients after colonoscopy (UMIN000026676).
Accountting Study of Non-Profit Entities Based on Sak Etap Isak 35
Authors: Rengku Jeffry Otniel , Lintong Jerry Sonny
Published: June 2022

The Evangelical Christian Church in Minahasa is a very developed church, and has succeeded in developing its service to the community with various forms of service, such as establishing schools, help the underprivileged congregation through the coffers of love, cooperatives, free medical treatment and so on. The success of the church in presenting clear and transparent financial reporting, becomes a measure of the success of every program that has been planned. In addition, church administrators can easily make accountability to God and church members. Accountability increases the confidence of the congregation, so that they do not hesitate to make donations, as well as transparency reduces misunderstandings or suspicions in the church, including conflicts and divisions that should become one in Christ and the church can continue to improve its services for the glory of God. This study aims to determine the financial management of GMIM, by conducting studies and comparing the management among church organizations, evaluating the financial process into financial statements. The method used is a qualitative method by reviewing transactions that occur at any time, the notes used by each treasurer which are then compiled by Congregation Assembly Working Agency in Financial Statements according to activities. Analysis of the data used is to explain, describe the method of financial management of all cash receipts transactions starting from financial data to become information during the reporting period.
Pragmatism and Interpretation: Radical, Relativistic, but not Unruly
Authors: Shusterman Richard
Published: June 2022

Interpretation has been a key theme in pragmatist aesthetics, but its centrality in neopragmatist thinking goes far beyond the field of art. Its influence extends into epistemology, ontology, and the philosophies of language, history, selfhood, and culture. Joseph Margolis devoted many articles and even an entire book to this topic, which he titled Interpretation Radical but Not Unruly. My critical examination of Margolis’s theory of interpretation shows how it is radical not only in terms of its robust relativism. It is also radical in the etymological sense of “radical” as “forming the root” of his philosophical thought in general. The logic of interpretation that Margolis developed for aesthetics is the original, generative source of his relativism, but its influence and relativist logic then extended ever more widely and deeply into his themes of anti-essentialism, historicism, and flux that pervade his metaphysics of culture and philosophical anthropology.
The Significance of Joseph Margolis to Late 20th and Early 21st Century Pragmatism
Authors: Schulkin Jay
Published: June 2022

Joseph Margolis’ philosophical work is both sanguine and fair. It is sanguine because much of it captures the inherent worth and dignity of the human condition. This includes aesthetics, anthropological diversity and history, the diversity of cognitive orientations and objectivity without foundations. Margolis embraces science and naturalism without reductionism. His pragmatism, though, is rooted more in James’ perspectivism, his local nice adaptation, and his relativism than that of Peirce and Dewey and their sense of science and the community of inquirers. Margolis’ strength is his attempt to reconcile positions and his fairness towards others as he tries to wedge his pragmatist position amid others (e.g. Quine, Davidson, Rorty, Brandom). But he celebrates the subjective stance of James, and downplayed the communal sense of Peirce and Dewey so vital to epistemic advances.
The Point of Margolis’ Dissatisfaction with Peirce (and Pragmatism)
Authors: Main R.W.
Published: June 2022

Margolis’ philosophical thought and career is framed by the pragmatism that dominated his early education and his vision of a “resurgent” pragmatism as the most promising direction for an increasingly eclectic Western philosophical tradition. This version of pragmatism is based on Peirce’s formulation of the pragmatic maxim, but Margolis sees the implications of that maxim as running counter to a central strand of Peirce’s own thought: fallibilism as an infinitist, self-correcting process of inquiry asymptotically tending toward to truth and reality. Margolis argues that this version of fallibilism is untenable and un-pragmatic, and his most mature work on the subject identifies an “abductive turn” in Peirce’s philosophy which points in the direction of an improved pragmatism, a pragmatism that is anarchic, relativistic, cast in terms of tolerances instead of laws, and without “Hope” in Peirce’s sense.
Tuesdays (and Thursdays [and Sometimes Fridays or Saturdays]) with Joe
Authors: Rooney Austin
Published: June 2022

The piece shares reminiscences of the recently deceased Joseph Margolis. Margolis’s character, pedagogy, and contribution to the philosophical world are considered. Margolis was an important, maverick thinker whose impact on the philosophical community has yet to be fully understood.
A Reinterpretation of Tao Yuanming’s Thirteen Poems from a Zhuangzian Perspective
Authors: Xu Yan , Zhang Qinming
Published: June 2022

Although some scholars have successfully challenged the traditional biographical reading, which considers an author’s biography an important reference and proposed proper reinterpretations of many of Tao Yuanming’s poems, we still find its dominance in the interpretation of words and sentences, even the structure and theme in Tao’s poems. In light of this issue, this article reinterprets thirteen of Tao’s poems based on our detailed investigation of all the existing notes on them. Most biographical readings, shaped by the ideal image of intellectuals portrayed in the Analects, obscure the substantial connections with the Zhuangzi in Tao’s poetry. Our reinterpretation focuses on the intertextual relationship between Tao’s poems and the Zhuangzi. We can see that the influence of the Zhuangzi on Tao’s poetry is more extensive and far-reaching than previously considered. This can help us reveal the connection between Tao’s poetry and the metaphysical institution in the Eastern Jin dynasty, which took its view of life from the Zhuangzi, instead of taking Confucianism as the only source.
A Love of Labor: The Ethnographic Turn of Zhuzhici
Authors: Roddy Stephen
Published: June 2022

From the mid-Tang through the Qing dynasty, poets employed the short-lyric form known as zhuzhici [bamboo branch lyrics] to write, first and foremost, about ordinary people going about their daily lives in China and elsewhere in the Sinosphere. This article explores how early developments in this genre prepared the ground for what later emerged as an arguably proto-ethnographic mode – that is, both poetry and accompanying prose annotations based on poets’ direct observations of and even immersive “fieldwork” within discrete localities. I focus specifically on poems about “water labor,” by which I mean those that describe and give voice to vocational groups and communities along lakes, levies, and channels of the Yangzi River basin. It was partly thanks to this history of reporting about local lives and conditions, I argue, that zhuzhici eventually came to adopt a more information-intensive and increasingly empirical orientation during the later stages of their development. Moreover, this mode of what might even be identified tentatively as affective or lyrical ethnography prefigures efforts by contemporary social scientists to recalibrate ethnography in spatially affective modes, and I conclude with some observations on how its example might inform future efforts in these directions.
Contemplating “Return”: Xie Lingyun’s “Hillside Garden”
Authors: Wang Ping
Published: June 2022

Xie Lingyun was the first of China’s great nature poets. As the most celebrated poet in fifth-century China and a histrionic scion of the illustrious Xie clan of the Eastern Jin, he had cultural influence that extended beyond the literary into religion and philosophy. This article examines Xie’s poetic exploration of the concept of “return” – an important rhetorical trope throughout the history of Chinese literature. By close reading, annotating, and analyzing a selection of Xie’s poems, the article sheds light on the poet’s obsession with instability in the meaning of “return” and argues that beneath the compliant poetic surface lies a saliently dissenting voice. Xie’s distinctive imagery and ideation emerge from an intricate deployment of earlier texts, among which the Classic of Changes is of paramount importance.
New data on carabid beetles of Trichotichnus s. str. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of Yunnan (China) and adjacent areas, with description of six new species and two new subspecies
Authors: KATAEV BORIS M. , HONGBIN LIANG , WRASE DAVID W.
Published: June 2022

New data on taxonomy and distribution of several species of ground beetles of the nominotypical subgenus of Trichotichnus Morawitz, 1863 occuring in Yunnan (China) and adjacent areas are provided. Fourteen species are currently recorded from Yunnan. The following new taxa are described: T. (s. str.) angustitarsis sp. n. (western Yunnan, and North West Laos), T. (s. str.) subrobustus sp. n. (northwestern Yunnan), T. (s. str.) schmidti sp. n. (northwestern Yunnan and Nepal), T. (s. str.) fedorenkoi sp. n. (North Vietnam), T. (s. str.) hamulipenis sp. n., with two subspecies: the nominotypical one (northwestern Yunnan) and T. (s. str.) h. nepalensis ssp. n. (Nepal), T. (s. str.) miwai continentalis ssp. n. (southern Sichuan, Yunnan, and North Vietnam), and T. (s. str.) kavanaughi sp. n. (northwesternmost Yunnan). Six species are re-described, with new distributional data. The following species are recorded for the first time: T. (s. str.) doiinthanonensis for China and Vietnam, T. (s. str.) subangulatus for China, and T. (s. str.) fukuharai for the Chinese provinces of Shaanxi and Yunnan. Keys to species similar to T. noctuabundus (the noctuabundus species group) and to Trichotichnus (s. str.) species known from Yunnan are given respectively. Additional justification for the synonymy of T. (s. str.) ellipticus Ito, 2014 [=T. (s. str.) anthracinus Landin, 1955] and T. (s. str.) baehri Ito, 1997 [= T. (s. str.) cyrtops (Tschitschérine, 1906)] is also provided.
Ampithoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman
Authors: MOMTAZI FARZANEH
Published: June 2022

The previous studies of amphipods in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman recorded 8 species of the family Ampithoidae Boeck, 1871. In the present study Cymadusa makranica sp. nov. is described and Plumithoe madagascariensis Myers, 2012 is recorded for the first time from the region. The new species is characterized by the shape of gnathopods and setation on the inner plate of first maxilla and uropods. The detailed drawings of Cymadusa filosa Savigny, 1816 and C. setosa (Haswell, 1879) materials are provided.
Three new species of the family Aoridae collected from Sagami Bay, central Japan (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Authors: ARIYAMA HIROYUKI , KOHTSUKA HISANORI
Published: June 2022

Three new species of the amphipod family Aoridae Stebbing, 1899 were collected from the bottom of a 40–400 m depth in Sagami Bay, central Japan. Aora biarticulata sp. nov. is characterized by the accessory flagellum with 2 articles, the weakly setose male gnathopod 1 and the male gnathopod 2 with setose carpus and propodus. Aoroides sagamiensis sp. nov. has a distinctive male gnathopod 1 with poorly setose basis and heavily setose merus. Grandidierella gracilis sp. nov. has stridulating ridges on the carpus of the male gnathopod 1. This new species can be distinguished from its related congeners by the teeth arrangement on the male gnathopod 1 carpus, the poorly setose antennae, the sparsely setose posterior margins of the pereopods 6, 7 bases, and the ordinary form of the male gnathopod 2.
New species of the genus Lethrus Scopoli, 1777 (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Lethrinae) from Fergana Valley, Kyrgyzstan
Authors: SHAPOVALOV ANDREY M.
Published: June 2022

Lethrus (Autolethrus) toropovi Shapovalov, new species is described from the north of the Fergana Valley (Kyrgyzstan, central part of the Chatkal Mountain Range). New species is characterized within the Lethrus sulcipennis-group by the characters of the mandibular processes.
Neo-Aramaic and Kurdish Folklore from Northern Iraq
Authors: Khan Geoffrey , Mohammadirad Masoud , Molin Dorota , Noorlander Paul M.
Published: June 2022

This comparative anthology showcases the rich and mutually intertwined folklore of three ethno-religious communities from northern Iraq: Aramaic-speaking (‘Syriac’) Christians, Kurdish Muslims and—to a lesser extent—Aramaic-speaking Jews. The first volume contains several introductory chapters on language, folkore motifs and narrative style, followed by samples of glossed texts in each language variety. The second volume is the anthology proper, presenting folklore narratives in several distinct varieties of North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic and Northern and Central Kurdish. The stories are accompanied by English translations. The material includes different genres such as folktales, legends, fables and anecdotes, and is organised into seven thematic units. The folkloristic material of these three communities is shared to a large extent. The anthology is, therefore, a testament to the intimate and long-standing relations between these three ethno-religious communities—relations that existed in a multilingual environment centuries before the modern era of nationalism.
8. The Bridge of Zakho
Authors: Khan Geoffrey
Published: June 2022

The arch of the bridge in Zakho could not be completed. An agha had seven water-mills, seven daughters-in-law and seven horses. An angel told him in a dream that he must stop one mill and kill one daughter-in-law and one horse so that the bridge could be completed. He stopped one mill and killed one horse. He sent his youngest daughter-in-law, Dalale, to take food to the workers on the bridge. It was said that the first soul to come onto the bridge would be killed. She came with a dog, but the dog was distracted by the scent of carrion. As a result Dalale was the first to come to the bridge and she was killed. They put her in the bridge and the arch of the bridge was completed. The story finishes with a song lamenting the death of Dalale.
12. A ‘Pious’ Fox
Authors: Khan Geoffrey
Published: June 2022

There was a cunning fox called Mām Telona, ‘Uncle Fox’. One year there was famine in the land and many of the animals died. As a result, the fox could not find animals to prey on and he went hungry. He grew his beard and sought atonement from God by praying with a rosary and setting off on a holy pilgrimage. He met a rooster, who at first did not believe his sincerity, but subsequently joined him on the pilgrimage. They met a sparrow, who did not trust the fox, but eventually joined them. They spent the night in a house and the fox said that he needed to rest and that he would eat anybody who made a sound. At dawn the rooster crowed and the fox seized him. The sparrow, however, escaped.
20. A Family Horse
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud
Published: June 2022

A family had a horse which was very well-known in the region. People called it ‘the family horse’. Nobody would mount it. Once a year, the horse would be taken out of the stable for people to see and praise it. Once, someone stole the family horse. The owner of the family horse, who had witnessed the theft, mounted his ‘normal’ horse and chased after the thief. At some point, the owner of the family horse was able to reach the thief and stop him. However, he did not do so, and instead let him go. His sons criticised him, asking why he did not stop the thief. The father reasoned that he let the thief go to save face, since otherwise the reputation around the ‘family horse’ and their family would be ruined.
23. The Poor Girl and Her Horse
Authors: Khan Geoffrey
Published: June 2022

A girl was expelled from her house by her brother. Along with her horse, she got herself hired as a prince’s servant, pretending to be a man. The prince began to suspect that she was a woman and tried to find out through various means. The girl’s horse, however, always warned her and helped her find a solution to ensure that she was not found out. Meanwhile, the prince fell in love with her. In the end, she was found out and they married.
24. A Woman Builds Her Home
Authors: Molin Dorota
Published: June 2022

A princess defied her father, claiming that a woman too is capable of providing for herself and her family, just like a man. In response, her father gave her to a poor boy, so that she could prove her claims. The girl told the boy that she was not going to marry him yet. Instead, she did embroidery and sent him to sell her work. While at work, the boy heard about an opportunity to become wealthy. The king had promised a reward for the person who would slay the wild beast that had blocked the local water sources. The princess sent the boy to fight the beast and the boy won. The boy and the princess became wealthy and built a palace. They invited the king—the girl’s father—for a feast. When he came, the girl revealed her identity and the father recognised his mistake. The two young people were married amidst great festivities.
26. Dindik Hinar—A Girl Called Pomegranate Grain
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud
Published: June 2022

An orphan girl called Hinar, ‘Pomegranate’, had a hard time living with her evil stepmother. Hinar befriended a red cow among their livestock. The stepmother intended to kill the red cow. The red cow asked Hinar to collect three bones from its corpse, saying that she could ask them for help whenever she was in difficulty. After a while, rumour had it that the emir’s son was sick. The stepmother knew about the bones and asked Hinar what the treatment for the emir’s son was. Hinar gave her the wrong medicine, which led to the stepmother’s imprisonment. Later, Hinar paid a visit to the emir’s son as a doctor and healed him. The emir’s son fell in love with her and they got married. Hinar had her stepmother released from prison, but she accused Hinar of espionage and plotting against the emir. In the end, the bones made sure that Hinar was released and the stepmother was killed.
28. Two Mullahs
Authors: Khan Geoffrey
Published: June 2022

Two mullahs served the same mosque in the same village. One mullah always used to arrive at the mosque early in the morning and make the call to prayer before the other mullah came. The other mullah got very upset, since the people in the village blamed him for not working. He asked his colleague how he managed to arrive so early. His colleague told him that it was because he had two wives, who looked after all his needs, and advised him to take a second wife. The other mullah, thus took his advice. The wives, however, made his life hell and the mullah escaped in the night and took refuge in the mosque. He castigated his colleague for his misleading advice. His colleague responded that their lives had now become the same.
29. Two Mullahs
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud
Published: June 2022

Two Mullahs served in the same mosque in a village around Khoshnaw. One of them would constantly miss the prayer time. He asked the punctual one to give him some advice. The punctual mullah said that he had two wives who took care of the different home tasks, helping him to get ready for work. The unpunctual Mullah believed this and took another wife. Not long after the marriage ceremony, the two wives started arguing with him, and there was constant quarrelling in the house. From then on, the unpunctual mullah would go to the mosque early—just like the punctual mullah. In the end, they were both on time for prayers because of the same problems in their respective homes.
30. The Girl, Her Evil Stepmother and the Old Witch
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud
Published: June 2022

Fatma was the only daughter in her family, and unaware of the fact that she had five brothers who lived in a mountain. In order to get rid of Fatma, her stepmother told her about her brothers’ whereabouts. Fatma joined her brothers. Once their fire went out, Fatma had to search around for fire. She came across an old witch called Pirhavir, who agreed to give Fatma fire only if she would let Pirhavir suck blood from her fingers. After a while, Fatma’s brothers tried to kill Pirhavir by stabbing her, but she would only die by burning. Fatma tricked Pirhavir to walk over a well in which fire was burning. Pirhavir fell into the hole, but did not burn completely. She later made an alliance with Fatma’s stepmother and tried to kill Fatma and her brothers. In the end the brothers killed Pirhavir, but her soul went into the stepmother’s body. She was also killed and buried in an unknown place. It was believed that if water reached the corpse, Pirhavir would be reincarnated and take revenge.
34. Mirza Muhammad’s Adventures
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud
Published: June 2022

Mirza Muhammad was the youngest of three princes. After their father’s death, they lost their castle to their uncle. Mirza Muhammad set off with his wife to another land. On their way, they arrived at a citadel, which was inhabited by a kind old woman. The sultan of another city abducted Mirza’s wife and intended to marry her to his son. The old woman had her friend help Mirza Muhammad bring his wife back and also gave him her treasure. Later, Mirza Muhammad joined his brothers, who had now become poor. The brothers were re-united and took back the castle from their uncle. Eventually, Mirza Muhammad was chosen as his father’s successor and inherited the throne.
37. The Prophet’s Horse
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud
Published: June 2022

A certain horse called Dildil (alternatively Dindil) had the power to fly. Once, a prophet was riding Dildil on the way to a village called Sarao in the Barwar region. The prophet was waylaid by a couple of villains. He prayed to God that he would be relieved of this predicament. The only way to get out of the situation was through a certain stone called ‘Muzalan’. God caused the stone to become soft like dough. Then Dildil walked on this stone until he reached a safe place and got rid escaped the villains. It is believed that the footprints of Dildil are still visible on the Muzalan stone. The narrator talks about the cultural significance of Dildil in the region. There are folk songs which reference Dildil. Historically, it is believed that Dildil was the name of the mule of the prophet Muhammad, which was later passed down to Imam Ali. Nowadays in the Barwar region, the term ‘Dildil’ is used to refer to the good quality of a horse.
38. The Foul-Mouthed Priest
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud
Published: June 2022

The people of Shaqlawa complained to the bishop about a foul-mouthed priest. The bishop went to Shaqlawa to find out if the people were right, but could not find any fault with him. One day he and the priest visited an old woman to bless her house. She kept them waiting at the door, as she went to collect eggs and lay them under the hens, so that they would hatch, because she believed all eggs would hatch when a priest comes to visit. When the foul-mouthed priest lost his patience and started calling her names, the bishop finally realised that the people of Shaqlawa were right.
Homogeneous–Heterogeneous Reactions Within Magnetic Sisko Nanofluid Flow Through Stretching Sheet Due to Convective Conditions Using Buongiorno’s Model
Authors: Upreti Himanshu , Joshi Navneet , Pandey Alok Kumar , Rawat Sawan Kumar
Published: June 2022

The flow due to stretching sheet has key role in many engineering fields such as making rubber sheets and plastic, wire drawing, glass-fiber manufacture and hot rolling etc. The Sisko fluid has its significant role in drilling fluids, blood, cement slurry, liquid polymers, paint and
mud, synovial fluid and water-borne coating. Here, we examined the magnetic Sisko fluid flow via stretching sheet with convective conditions using Buongiorno’s model and flow problem occurring due to homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions. Influence of pertinent flow parameters viz.
magnetic field, material index, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, Brownian diffusivity, Lewis number, ratio of diffusion coefficient, strength of homogeneous reaction, strength of heterogeneous reaction and Biot number are revealed by graphs for both shear thinning (n
< 1) and shear thickening (n > 1) cases. The existing model has considered the case of unequal diffusion coefficients of chemical species. Hence, accounting the interaction of both homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions. One of the important outcomes of this work is concentration
of auto-catalyst of Sisko fluid decreased due to rise in material index parameter.
New Luminescent Cd(II) Coordination Polymer and Its Protective Activity on Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cheng Hong , Li Yan
Published: June 2022

A novel coordination polymer has been created smoothly in the hydrothermal environments, and its formula is [Cd(L)2(H2O)]n (1, HL = 4-((2-methyl-1 H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzoic acid). The analysis for the structure of X-ray indicates the
coordination polymer 1’s 1D infinite chain architecture, which is further developed into a 2D layer through hydrogen bond interactions. Moreover, the 1’s luminescent property and thermal function were explored. For the experiment of Alzheimer’s disease, the
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was applied for evaluating the vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) content delivered to the cerebrospinal fluid. The neuron apoptosis was also evaluated via the Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assay after compound treatment.
Regulating Structures of Two Co(II)-Based Coordination Polymers: Application Value in Sepsis Therapy by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response
Authors: He Ye-Wei , Feng Song-Qiao
Published: June 2022

Two coordination polymers (CPs) based on Co(II), [Co(L)(bipy)] ·3H2O (1), and [Co(L)(phen)(MeOH) (H2O)2] · 0.5H2O (2) were successfully generated under solvothermal reactions. These CPs were characterized via infrared
spectroscopy, elemental analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and X. The regulation of these CPs’ structures was compared by introducing different lengths of nitrogen-donor auxiliary ligands. The corresponding mechanism in the regulation of these structures was elucidated. The
CPs’ suppression activity against the release of inflammatory cytokines was detected via ELISA. Subsequently, the relative expression of p53 and nf-κb in immune cells after treatment with the CPs was detected via real-time PCR. Finally, the application value of these
novel CPs in sepsis therapy was explored.
Hurricane Simulation and Nonstationary Extremal Analysis for a Changing Climate
Authors: Carney Meagan , Kantz Holger , Nicol Matthew
Published: June 2022

Particularly important to hurricane risk assessment for coastal regions is finding accurate approximations of return probabilities of maximum wind speeds. Since extremes in maximum wind speed have a direct relationship with minima in the central pressure, accurate wind speed return estimates rely heavily on proper modeling of the central pressure minima. Using the HURDAT2 database, we show that the central pressure minima of hurricane events can be appropriately modeled by a nonstationary extreme value distribution. We also provide and validate a Poisson distribution with a nonstationary rate parameter to model returns of hurricane events. Using our nonstationary models and numerical simulation techniques from established literature, we perform a simulation study to model returns of maximum wind speeds of hurricane events along the North Atlantic coast. We show that our revised model agrees with current data and results in an expectation of higher maximum wind speeds for all regions along the coast, with the highest maximum wind speeds occurring along the northeast seaboard.
The Spatiotemporal Patterns of the Upper-Tropospheric Water Vapor over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer Based on EOF Analysis
Authors: Xu Xiran , Tian Hongying , Tian Wenshou , Wang Zhe , Liu Hongwen , Qie Kai , Luo Jiali
Published: June 2022

Using empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, we investigate the spatial pattern and temporal variation of the upper-tropospheric water vapor (UTWV) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in summer based on the fifth-generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis (ERA5). The main factors affecting UTWV in different regions over the TP are also discussed. The results show that the spatial distribution of the UTWV over the TP mainly displays the so-called uniform, east–west dipole, and north–south dipole modes. The three modes show significant periods of 5, 8, and 4 years, respectively. The first mode exhibits a small but significant positive trend over the TP, which can be mainly attributed to the intensification of the South Asian summer monsoon and accounts for 31% of the UTWV variance, followed by the South Asian high and the Indian low with 17% and 16%, respectively. The second mode shows opposite variation of water vapor over the eastern and western TP, mainly resulting from the weakened westerly wind over the eastern TP and the enhanced westerly wind over the western TP, which accounts for 57% of the UTWV variance. The third mode exhibits a positive trend of water vapor over the northern TP, mainly attributed to the ascending motion associated with local anticyclonic circulation over the northeastern TP and the decrease of the static stability over the northern TP, which account for 45% and 11% of the UTWV variance, respectively. The tropopause folds also contribute to the positive trend of water vapor shown in the third mode.
How do stroke survivors and their caregivers manage post-stroke fatigue? A qualitative study
Authors: Ablewhite Joanne , Nouri Fiona , Whisker Alice , Thomas Shirley , Jones Fiona , das Nair Roshan , Condon Laura , Jones Amanda , Sprigg Nikola , Drummond Avril
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The primary objective was to gain insight into the lived experiences of using day-to-day strategies to manage post-stroke fatigue.

Design

Qualitative, descriptive study.

Setting

Community telephone interviews.

Participants

A purposive sample of 20 stroke survivors with current, or previous, post-stroke fatigue, and 8 caregivers, who provided informal care or support, were recruited.

Main Measures

Semi-structured telephone interviews were undertaken. Data were analysed using a framework approach.

Results

Most participants had found their own ways of coping and their personal strategies included acceptance of having fatigue; ‘pacing’ (spreading activities out and interspersing with rest periods); keeping a diary in order to plan activities and to identify ‘trigger’ activities which induced fatigue; talking to (and educating) others about having fatigue; using relaxation; and accessing professional advice and support. The burden placed on caregivers was considerable and they often had to oversee the post-stroke fatigue management strategies used.

Conclusions

Post-stroke fatigue is managed in different ways and there was not one particular strategy that seemed effective for everyone. Most people in our study had had to devise their own ways of coping practically. Given the scale of this problem, which profoundly impacts the lives of both stroke survivors and caregivers, the management of post-stroke fatigue merits more attention and evaluation. However, this must be directly informed by those with lived experience.
Framing reciprocal obligations within intergenerational relations in Ghana through the lens of the mutuality of duty and dependence
Authors: Twum-Danso Imoh Afua
Published: June 2022

Reciprocity has long been recognised as a key feature in intragenerational relations amongst kin, affines and trading partners, but also in intergenerational relations, especially those between children and their caregivers in diverse societies. This paper seeks to explore reciprocity as the tie that binds relationships between caregivers and children while the latter are still ‘dependents’ and the consequences for both parties when this tie is broken. Data presented were collected from two mixed-method studies undertaken in Ghana. The findings indicate the importance of linking studies of childhoods within this context to indigenous moral and ethical frameworks about personhood and its associated features relating to the mutuality of both duty and dependence, reciprocity, relatedness, and collectivism. Failure to make these connections between children’s lives in this context and the broader belief systems and their attendant moral frameworks that continue to underpin conceptualisations of childhood and intergenerational relationships results in depictions of African childhoods that are partial, limited and out of context.
Recruitment, Retention and Intervention Delivery Experiences With Hospice Family Caregivers
Authors: Cruz-Oliver Dulce M. , Milner Gabrielle E. , Abshire Saylor Martha , Nelson Katie E. , Blinka Marcela D. , Durkin Nowella , Smith Thomas J. , Oliver Debra Parker
Published: June 2022

Background

Recruitment and attrition are inherently challenging issues in hospice research. We sought to describe strategies of recruitment, retention, and delivery of NOVELA (short for tele novela), an intervention for hospice family caregivers (HFCG).

Methods

Statistics were kept of every referral, consenting participant, visit session, and intervention activity. We used the Social Marketing Mix Framework to describe recruiting strategies employed and lessons learned.

Results

Two hospices in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic region referred 47 HFCG and N = 20 agreed to participate, out of which 50% (N = 10) completed all 4 sessions with an average of 2.8 sessions per person, each lasting an average duration of 13.5 minutes (range 8.0-25.7). The main reason for missing a session was a patient’s death (N = 8). Successful recruitment strategies employed in NOVELA included: (a) intensive start-up hospice engagement, (b) remote recruitment and delivery of NOVELA, and (c) scheduling flexibility to work around caregivers’ other demands.

Conclusion

The recruitment and intervention delivery had successes and challenges resulting in the identification of multiple opportunities to strengthen our strategy and inform future studies with HFCGs.
Inverted stent deployment technique for stent assisted coiling of wide-necked posterior communicating artery aneurysm: Technical report
Authors: Merali Zamir , Pereira Vitor Mendes , Alotaibi Mazen , Guest William , Spears Julian , Marotta Thomas
Published: June 2022

Background

Wide-necked aneurysms of the posterior communicating artery associated with a fetal posterior cerebral artery that arises from the neck or dome of the aneurysm is a clinical scenario that poses a challenge to endovascular methods.

Case description

A patient presented with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and was found to have a 4 × 3 × 3 mm posterior communicating artery aneurysm. Of note the aneurysm projected superiorly and a fetal posterior communicating artery aneurysm arose from the neck of the aneurysm. After multidisciplinary discussion a treatment strategy of endovascular stent-assisted coiling was chosen. Given the unique morphology of the aneurysm a novel stent-inversion maneuver was used, in which the stent was deployed from the posterior communicating artery into the distal supra-clinoid internal carotid artery. The patient tolerated the procedure well and complete aneurysm occlusion was achieved.

Conclusions

This case demonstrates a novel stent inversion technique that can be used for stent-assisted coiling of certain challenging aneurysms.