bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety of mapping the motor networks in the spinal cord using penetrating microelectrodes in Yucatan minipigs
Authors: Mirkiani Soroush , O’Sullivan Carly L. , Roszko David A. , Faridi Pouria , Hu David S. , Everaert Dirk G. , Toossi Amirali , Kang Ryan , Fang Tongzhou , Tyreman Neil , Dalrymple Ashley N. , Robinson Kevin , Uwiera Richard R. E. , Shah Hamid , Fox Richard , Konrad Peter E. , Mushahwar Vivian K.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to assess the safety of mapping spinal cord locomotor networks using penetrating stimulation microelectrodes in Yucatan minipigs (YMPs) as a clinically translational animal model.

METHODS

Eleven YMPs were trained to walk up and down a straight line. Motion capture was performed, and electromyographic (EMG) activity of hindlimb muscles was recorded during overground walking. The YMPs underwent a laminectomy and durotomy to expose the lumbar spinal cord. Using an ultrasound-guided stereotaxic frame, microelectrodes were inserted into the spinal cord in 8 animals. Pial cuts were made to prevent tissue dimpling before microelectrode insertion. Different locations within the lumbar enlargement were electrically stimulated to map the locomotor networks. The remaining 3 YMPs served as sham controls, receiving the laminectomy, durotomy, and pial cuts but not microelectrode insertion. The Porcine Thoracic Injury Behavioral Scale (PTIBS) and hindlimb reflex assessment results were recorded for 4 weeks postoperatively. Overground gait kinematics and hindlimb EMG activity were recorded again at weeks 3 and 4 postoperatively and compared with preoperative measures. The animals were euthanized at the end of week 4, and the lumbar spinal cords were extracted and preserved for immunohistochemical analysis.

RESULTS

All YMPs showed transient deficits in hindlimb function postoperatively. Except for 1 YMP in the experimental group, all animals regained normal ambulation and balance (PTIBS score 10) at the end of weeks 3 and 4. One animal in the experimental group showed gait and balance deficits by week 4 (PTIBS score 4). This animal was excluded from the kinematics and EMG analyses. Overground gait kinematic measures and EMG activity showed no significant (p > 0.05) differences between preoperative and postoperative values, and between the experimental and sham groups. Less than 5% of electrode tracks were visible in the tissue analysis of the animals in the experimental group. There was no statistically significant difference in damage caused by pial cuts between the experimental and sham groups. Tissue damage due to the pial cuts was more frequently observed in immunohistochemical analyses than microelectrode tracks.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that mapping spinal locomotor networks in porcine models can be performed safely, without lasting damage to the spinal cord.
Return to play after head injury in adolescent sports: evaluating football versus other sports
Authors: Ezzat Bahie , Hrabarchuk Eugene I. , Schupper Alexander J. , Quinones Addison , Ali Muhammad , Lemonick Michael B. , Rodriguez Benjamin , Gometz Alex , Lovell Mark , Choudhri Tanvir
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

Increased adolescent sports participation has raised concerns about higher rates of concussions, a prevalent injury among young athletes with potential long-term effects. Discrepancies in concussion recovery and management protocols across various sports underscore a critical issue in youth athletics. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sport type and the number of games missed following a concussion to inform targeted management strategies.

METHODS

Data from 7445 postinjury ImPACT tests for athletes aged 12–22 years, collected from 2009 to 2019, were analyzed across different sports: baseball, basketball, cheerleading, football, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, softball, swimming, track and field, volleyball, and wrestling. The number of days and normalized missed games (NMG), a metric accounting for the different number of games in a season for different sports, were used to evaluate the effect of concussions across different sports. ANOVA, t-tests, and linear regression analyses were performed to model the effect of sport type on games missed in a season while controlling for sex, age, concussion history, diagnosed learning disability (DLD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

RESULTS

Multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that football participation significantly increased NMG (β 1.681, 95% CI 0.807–2.554; p < 0.001) and days missed (β 1.637, 95% CI 1.044–2.231; p < 0.001) after head injury. Concussion diagnoses were also found to significantly increase NMG (β 2.344, 95% CI 1.629–3.059; p < 0.001) and days missed (β 1.560, 95% CI 1.074–2.045; p < 0.001), as well as history of prior concussion (NMG: β 7.791, 95% CI 7.368–8.215; p < 0.001; days missed: β 5.232, 95% CI 4.945–5.520; p < 0.001). In contrast, factors such as age, sex, DLD, ADHD, and concussions causing loss of consciousness did not significantly affect NMG or days missed. ANOVA with Tukey Honest Significant Difference indicated that compared with football, ice hockey (mean difference [MD] 5.4 days, p = 0.011) and track and field (MD 4.1 days, p = 0.006) were associated with significantly more days being missed after head injury. Conversely, basketball (MD −3.0, p < 0.001) and volleyball (MD −2.6, p = 0.005) were associated with fewer missed games.

CONCLUSIONS

Adolescents playing football missed fewer days and games after concussion than other contact and noncontact sports, including ice hockey and track and field, raising questions about variations in return-to-play protocols and cultural attitudes within sports. Further research is needed to determine the factors affecting games missed across sport types in adolescent athletics and return-to-play protocols.
Pengaruh Reward dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Pada PT. Matahari Opi Mall Palembang
Authors: Darmawati Tri , Novalia Nurkardina , Sari Riana
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hipotesis pengaruh reward dan lingkungan kerja pada kepuasan kerja karyawan di PT. Matahari OPI Mall Palembang. Populasinya berjumlah 127 karyawan di PT. Matahari OPI Mall Palembang. Teknik pengambilan sampelnya menerapkan metode probability sampling ataupun secara random. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada para karyawan. Analisa menggunakan regresi linear berganda, koefisien determinasi, koefisien korelasi, uji T dan uji F melalui bantuan SPSS versi 22. Hasilnya menyimpulkan dalam uji –F ada pengaruh secara signifikan antara variabel reward dan lingkungan kerja pada kepuasan serta nilainya 0,000 < 0,05. Dan dalam uji secara parsial (uji –T) reward secara parsial mempengaurhi signifikan pada kepuasan kerja senilai 0,000 < 0,05 dan lingkungan kerja sebagian tidak mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja senilai nilai 0,916 > 0,05.
 
Kata Kunci: Reward, Lingkungan Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja.
 
ABSTRACT
 
This study aims to test the hypothesis of the effect of reward and work environment on employee job satisfaction at PT. Matahari OPI Mall Palembang. The population is 127 employees at PT. Matahari OPI Mall Palembang. The sampling technique applies the probability sampling method or randomly. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to employees. The analysis uses multiple linear regression, coefficient of determination, correlation coefficient, T test and F test with the help of SPSS version 22. The results conclude that in the F-test there is a significant effect between reward and work environment variables on satisfaction and the value is 0.000 <0.05. And in the partial test (T-test) reward partially has a significant effect on job satisfaction with a value of 0.000 <0.05 and the work environment partially does not affect job satisfaction with a value of 0.916 > 0.05.
 
Keywords : Reward, Work Environment, Job Satisfaction.
Pengaruh Electronic Word Of Mouth, Brand Image Dan Digital Marketing Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Purbasari Di Kota Batam
Authors: Rambe Duna Yulianti Br , Rustam Triana Ananda
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan bahwasannya untuk mengetahui apakah seberapa jauh berpengaruhnya data variabel electronic word of mouth, brand image, dan digital marketing yang memiliki dampak penuh dan sebagian pada keputusan pembelian purbasari di kota batam. Dengan memakai metode pengumpulan data dalam bentuk kusioner, memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi menggunakan google form dan diisi melalui link yang dibagikan. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 100 responden yang mamakai kosmetik purbasari. Teknik yang dipakai pada penelitian ini yaitu Non probability sampling ialah teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian adalah electronic word of mouth berdampak positif dan parsial pada keputusan pembelian dengan nilai t hitung 3.019 serta nilai signifikansi 0,003 < 0,05 dan brand image berdampak positif dan parsial pada keputusan pembelian dengan t hitung 5.733 serta nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05 dan digital marketing berdampak positif dan parsial pada keputusan pembelian dengan nilai t hitung 5.086 serta nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Lalu variabel electronic word of mouth, brand image dan digital marketing mempunyai dampak secara signifikan dan simultan pada keputusan pembelian purbasari di kota batam dengan nilai f hitung 24.620 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
 
Kata Kunci: Electronic Word Of Mouth, Brand Image, Digital Marketing, Keputusan Pembelian.
 
ABSTRACT
 
This research aims to find out to what extent the variable data of electronic word of mouth, brand image and digital marketing have a full and partial impact on Purbasari purchasing decisions in Batam City. By using data collection methods in the form of questionnaires, utilizing technological advances using Google forms and filling in via the shared link. The research population consisted of 100 respondents who used Purbasari cosmetics. The technique used in this research is non-probability sampling, namely a purposive sampling technique. The results of the research are that electronic word of mouth has a positive and partial impact on purchasing decisions with a t value of 3.019 and a significance value of 0.003 < 0.05 and brand image has a positive and partial impact on purchasing decisions with a t value of 5.733 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and digital marketing has a positive and partial impact on purchasing decisions with a calculated t value of 5,086 and a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. Then the electronic word of mouth, brand image and digital marketing variables have a significant and simultaneous impact on Purbasari purchasing decisions in Batam City with a calculated f value of 24,620 with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05.
 
Keywords : Electronic Word Of Mouth, Brand Image, Digital Marketing, Purchase Decision.
Pengaruh Komunikasi Kerja dan Reward Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pada PT. BCMN Unit Cinta Manis Ogan Ilir
Authors: Febriani Yunita , Fitriah Wani , Sari Yulia Puspita , Sari Eka Maya
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komunikasi dan apresiasi karyawan terhadap prestasi kerja pada PT. BCMN Unit Cinta Manis Ogan Ilir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data angket dan wawancara. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 68 karyawan. Dengan teknik analisis menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, regresi linier berganda, uji t, uji F, koefisien determinasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: (1) komunikasi kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap prestasi kerja, dimana nilai t sebesar 5,244 dan sig 0,000. (2) Apresiasi pegawai berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap prestasi kerja, dimana nilai t sebesar 1,560 dan sig 0,030. (3) secara simultan komunikasi kerja dan apresiasi pegawai berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi kerja, dimana nilai F sebesar 162,064 dan signifikan 0,000. Besarnya pengaruh variabel independen terhadap prestasi kerja sebesar 82,8%. Akhirnya kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh komunikasi kerja dan apresiasi karyawan terhadap prestasi kerja pada PT. BCMN Unit Cinta Manis Ogan Ilir.
 
Kata Kunci: Prestasi Kerja, Komunikasi Kerja, Reward Karyawan.
 
ABSTRACT
 
This study aims of this research is to determine the effect of employee communication and appreciation on work performance at PT. BCMN Unit Cinta Manis Ogan Ilir. This research uses quantitative methods, with questionnaire and interview data collection methods. The research used a sample of 68 employees. With analysis techniques using validity tests, reliability tests, multiple linear regression, t test, F test, coefficient of determination. Based on the research results, the following results were obtained: (1) work communication had a significant positive effect on work performance, where the t value was 5.244 and sig 0.000. (2) Employee appreciation has a significant positive effect on work performance, where the t value is 1.560 and sig 0.030. (3) simultaneously work communication and employee appreciation have a significant effect on work performance, where the F value is 162.064 and is significant 0.000. The magnitude of the influence of the independent variables on work performance is 82.8%. Finally, the conclusion in this research is that there is the influence of work communication and employee appreciation on work performance at PT. BCMN Unit Cinta Manis Ogan Ilir.
 
Keywords : Work Performance, Work Communication, Employee Rewards.
Fatty acids in Plantago asiatica seeds are responsible for the production of the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide
Authors: Sholmire Ashley , Ishii Toshinari , Leischner Lauren , Garland Brendhan , Yamauchi Yuko , Shirako Saki , Nishidono Yuto , Ikeya Yukinobu , Corey Laura , Nishizawa Mikio
Published: May 2024

Background: Plantago asiatica L. (Plantaginaceae) commonly grows in East Asia, with its seeds (Shazenshi), having been used as diuretic and anti-inflammatory drugs in traditional Japanese medicine. It is not known which constituents of P. asiatica seeds elicit the anti-inflammatory effects, such as reduced expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in interleukin (IL)-1β-treated hepatocytes which leads to a reduction in the pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO). 
Objective: To identify the anti-inflammatory constituents of P. asiatica seeds, the anti-inflammatory activity of purified constituents was determined by assaying NO production in IL-1β-treated hepatocytes.
Methods: P. asiatica seeds were extracted with 50% methanol and successively fractionated into three crude fractions with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol. The compounds were methylated and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Primary cultured rat hepatocytes were prepared by collagenase perfusion, and P. asiatica seed extract (PASE), a fraction, or a compound was added to the culture medium with IL-1β and incubated at 37 °C. Potency of each fraction was determined by the Griess method for measuring the levels of nitrite in the medium.
Results: PASE suppressed IL-1β-induced NO production without showing cytotoxicity, and an EtOAc-soluble fraction of PASE significantly inhibited NO production. GC–MS analysis detected 26 distinct fatty acids as their methyl esters in this fraction. Among them, three unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, oleic, and α-linolenic acids) and palmitic acid were abundant. These unsaturated fatty acids are known to reduce NO levels. In contrast, acteoside and aucubin, which are thought to be present in the n-butanol-soluble fraction, showed only a low level of NO production suppression.
Conclusion: The EtOAc-soluble fraction of PASE included many fatty acids, which may suppress the production of NO. The results imply that the anti-inflammatory activity of P. asiatica seeds may be produced by three unsaturated fatty acids. Because the fatty acids are abundant in the seeds of medicinal plants, they are likely to contribute to anti-inflammatory activity of the seeds.
Keywords: Plantain seed, polyunsaturated fatty acid, Kampo medicine, hepatocyte, nitric oxide.
$\mathcal{Z^\ast}$-Tensor on $N(k)$-Contact Metric Manifolds Admitting Ricci Soliton Type Structure
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Chaubey S. K. , Yadav Sunil , Patel Shraddha
Published: May 2024

The main goal of this manuscript is to investigate the properties of $N(k)$-contact metric manifolds admitting a $\mathcal{Z^\ast}$-tensor. We prove the necessary conditions for which $N(k)$-contact metric manifolds endowed with a $\mathcal{Z^\ast}$-tensor are Einstein manifolds. In this sequel, we accomplish that an $N(k)$-contact metric manifold endowed with a $\mathcal{Z^\ast}$-tensor satisfying $\mathcal{Z^\ast}(\mathcal{G}_{1},\hat{\zeta})\cdot \mathcal{\overset{\star}R}=0$ is either locally isometric to the Riemannian product $E^{n+1}(0)\times S^{n}(4)$ or an Einstein manifold. We also prove the condition for which an $N(k)$-contact metric manifold endowed with a $\mathcal{Z^\ast}$-tensor is a Sasakian manifold. To validate some of our results, we construct a non-trivial example of an $N(k)$-contact metric manifold.
Effect of continuous care model on the lifestyle of cancer patients: A quasi-experimental study
Authors:   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, Hasanshahi Nasibeh , Shahraki Mehran ,   Department of Nursing, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran, Bameri Fatemeh ,   Shahid Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran, Mashmooli Somayeh ,   Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of continuous care model on the lifestyle of cancer patients. A quasi-experimental investigation was conducted at the Islamic Azad University of Chalus, Iran. This study involved 30 cancer patients attending chemotherapy centers, categorized into two groups: an intervention group comprising 15 individuals and a control group also consisting of 15 patients, in the 2020. The data collection instruments utilized in this study comprised a demographic questionnaire encompassing variables such as age, gender, cancer history, marital status, and literacy level, alongside Miller and Smith's Lifestyle Questionnaire. In the intervention group, the mean age of the patients was 57.46 (SD=15.9), while in the control group, it stood at 62.52 (SD=12.03). Regarding the history of cancer, the mean was 4.8 (SD=1.8) in the intervention group and 5.26 (SD=3.63) in the control group. The Wilcoxon test indicated a significant difference in lifestyle scores before and after the intervention (P=0.01) in the intervention group. Here, the Wilcoxon test revealed no significant disparity between pre-and post-intervention (P=0.34) in the control group. Before the intervention, the Mann-Whitney test did not exhibit a significant difference between the intervention and control groups (P=0.09). However, following the intervention, the Mann-Whitney test demonstrated a noteworthy discrepancy between the intervention and control groups (P=0.02). In sum, given the efficacy observed in enhancing the lifestyle of cancer patients, the continuous care model holds promise as a health behavior applicable in both the prevention and rehabilitation of chronic patients.
Reflections on health information sources in epidemics in synchrony with the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review
Authors:   Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Imanipour Masoomeh , Shahmari Mehraban ,   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran, Azizi Mahkooyeh Saeideh ,   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Ghobadi Akram ,   School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran, Sanjari Pouyan ,   Vytal Medical and Surgical Center, Medical & Surgical in Tarzana CA, California, United States
Published: May 2024

This study aims to scrutinize prevalent sources of health information utilized by individuals for informed decision-making regarding protective and preventive health behaviors amidst an infectious epidemic. The acquisition of comprehensible and reliable information relevant to individual needs is deemed imperative in this context. This scoping review encompasses investigations into the sources of information employed during infectious epidemics, conducted in both Persian and English languages, spanning the timeframe from 2003 to 2019. The search for pertinent studies was executed across diverse databases, including PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Scientific Information Database. This review incorporated a total of 13 relevant studies. Findings indicate that traditional media, comprising television, radio, and newspapers, emerged as the predominant information sources during epidemics. Conversely, government resources and official government websites were identified as the least utilized channels. Additionally, the most reliable sources were identified as television, newspapers, and healthcare personnel. Given the historical prevalence of traditional media as a primary information source during past infectious epidemics, health officials and policymakers must consider enhancing public education through these channels during epidemic dissemination. However, due attention should also be directed towards the provision of pertinent and credible content on online social media platforms, particularly catering to the informational needs of young adults and the emerging generation. The identified limitations in the extant studies, namely their contextual dependence on sociocultural factors, the trajectory of lifestyle modifications, technological advancements, and the recent advent of the COVID-19 pandemic underscore the necessity for additional and comprehensive investigations in this domain.
Effect of Core Stability Exercises on Shoulder Pain, Muscle Strength, and Range of Motion in Female Swimmers With Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran., Yazdani Shirin , Mirghaffari Zahra ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Faculty of Human Science, Aazad University of Ilkhchi, Ilkhchi, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims Previous studies have shown that core stability exercises reduce the applied force on the upper limbs in swimmers. However, the effect of these exercises on the range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, and pain in the shoulder of swimmers is unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of a core stability exercise program on shoulder pain, muscle strength, and ROM in female swimmers with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). Methods The study population consists of all female swimmers with SIS in Tabriz, Iran. Twenty eligible swimmers were selected and randomly divided into two exercise (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The shoulder pain, ROM, and muscle strength were measured by the shoulder pain and disability index, a goniometer, and the bench press (One repetition maximum), respectively. The exercise group participated in a specific core stability exercise program. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 24 using repeated measures analysis of variance, independent t-test, and paired t-test for within-group and between-group comparisons. The significance level was set a t 0.05. Results After exercise, the amount of shoulder pain in the experimental group was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P=0.0001). It also had a significant effect on the ROM of the shoulder in this group. In addition, there was a significant difference in shoulder muscle strength in the experimental group before and after exercise (P=0.0001), but this difference was not significant in the control group (P=0.138). Moreover, there was a significant interaction effect of time and group in the shoulder girdle muscle strength (P=0.001). Conclusion The core stability exercises can reduce shoulder pain and improve shoulder ROM and muscle strength in female swimmers with SIS. Performing core stability exercises is recommended to reduce pain and improve shoulder girdle function in these swimmers.
The Effect of Exercise During Ketogenic Diet on Hepatokines and Blood Lipid Profile in Overweight or Obese Men
Authors:   Department of Sport Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Sports Sciences Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Mobasseri Sajad , Khodaei Kazem ,   Department of Sport Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Sports Sciences Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Zolfaghar didani Mohammadreza ,   Department of Sport Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Sports Sciences Faculty, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims Liver heptokines are important factors in obesity-related diseases. Both exercise and diet are essential interventions for obesity control. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of six weeks of aerobic and resistance exercises and ketogenic diet on fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) selenoprotein P. levels and blood lipid profile in overweight or obese men. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Participants were 36 overweight or obese male college students with a body mass index above 25 kg/m2 , who were selected using a convenience sampling method, and were randomly divided into three groups including aerobic exercise + ketogenic diet (n=12), resistance exercise + ketogenic diet (n=12), and ketogenic diet (n=12). Aerobic exercise consisted of moderate-intensity running for six weeks at three sessions per week. Resistance training consisted of circuit training for six weeks at three sessions per week. The ketogenic diet included the restriction of carbohydrate intake to ≤10% of total daily energy intake. Fasting blood samples were collected in pre-test and post-test phases. Serum levels of FGF21 and selenoprotein P. were measured by the ELISA method, and blood lipid profile including total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL were measured by enzyme assay method. Two-way mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Bonferroni post hoc test was used for between-group comparison and paired t-test was used for within-group comparison. Results The interaction effect of time and group was no significant for FGF21 (P˃0.05), but the main effect of time was significant (P=0.001). All three groups showed a significant increase in FGF21 in the posttest phase compared to the pretest phase (P≤0.05). The selenoprotein P. serum level was not significantly different between groups or between two evaluation times (P˃0.05). The interaction effect of time and group was not significant for lipid profile (P˃0.05). The within-group comparison indicated a significant decrease in LDL and total cholesterol and an increase in HDL in all groups (P≤0.05). Conclusion It seems that both aerobic and resistance exercises during a ketogenic diet can increase FGF21 and improve lipid profile in overweight or obese men. There is no significant difference between the two methods. They have no superiority over the ketogenic diet alone in affecting heptokines and lipid profile.
Predicting the Resilience of the Elderly in Tehran, Iran, Based on Their Religious Orientation, Mental Toughness, Physical Health, and Sleep Disorders
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Emdadi Parnian , Pashmdarfard Marzieh ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Manouchehri Mehdi ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Shokri Kowsar ,   Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims With the increase in the aged population, the physical and mental health of the elderly have become more important. Since resilience is an important concept in the mental health of the elderly, this study aims to predict the resilience of the elderly in Tehran, Iran, based on their religious orientation, mental toughness, physical health, and sleep disorders. Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study with a cross-sectional design. Participants were 256 elderly people aged >60 years (Mean age: 66.42±4.37 years) selected by a simple random sampling method from those living in Kahrizak Nursing Home in Tehran, Iran. They completed the Connor-Davidson resilience scale, Clough et al.’s mental toughness questionnaire-48 items, physical health questionnaire, and Lynch’s sleep disturbance questionnaire to measure resilience, religious orientation, mental toughness, physical health, and sleep disorders. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in AMOS and SPSS software, version 23. Results Religious orientation (t=4.32, r=0.24, P<0.001), mental toughness (t=6.87, r=0.68, P<0.001), physical health (t=5.12, r=0.57, P<0.001) and sleep disorders (t=-5.18, r=-0.52, P<0.001) could significantly predict the resilience of the elderly in Tehran. Conclusion The resilience of the elderly in Tehran has a positive and significant relationship with their religious orientation, mental toughness, physical health, and sleep disorders. These components can predict the resilience of the elderly. Therefore, by controlling these components, the resilience of the elderly can be improved.
Reducing the number and the size of sovereign defaults in the world: Long-term trend or temporary phenomenon?
Authors: Trofimov A. O. , Skrypnik D. V.
Published: May 2024

The paper explains the current global trends, which consist in a decrease in both the number and the size of defaults. For this purpose, a new approach to modeling the probability and the size of defaults based on nonlinear models (generalized additive models) has been applied. The obtained empirical estimates confirm the significant nonlinearity of the relationships between factors. Based on the proposed approach, it is possible to detect the disciplinary effect of the rate of increase in interest expenses and confirm the significance of the rate of debt accumulation as a development of previous works. We have found that the main contribution to this trend is made by the institutional factor — government efficiency: the more effective the government is, the better it ensures debt sustainability, reducing both the number of defaults and their size. Another important factor is the soft monetary policy of developed countries. It affects the default size, reducing it, but is not the reason for the decrease in the number (probability) of defaults in the world. Thus, the current trend is long-term and shows the progress of some countries and international organizations in reducing risks to global financial stability.
On establishing a benchmark crude in the Russian Arctic
Authors: Katyukha P. B. , Flegontov N. A.
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the prospects for establishing Russian benchmark crude based on the arctic blend “Vostok Oil” with a price basis in Murmansk. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the importance of the pricing system’s transparency for maintaining a stable macroeconomic situation in Russia, with a leading role of Artic oil and gas potential for Russian economic development. The authors highlight the main signs of the modern pricing system’s crisis and note that amid the imposed anti-Russian sanctions pricing at European spot hubs can no longer reflect the real situation in the Russian oil market. As a result, there is a need to create a national pricing system by developing the Russian benchmark based on the crude oil blend with the dominance of “black gold” from the Vostok Oil project, which has a high-expected liquidity. The port of Murmansk, being distinguished by unique technical characteristics and access to the logistics potential of the Northern Sea Route, is proposed as a price basis and a price hub. The article presents a four-stage model for launching a corresponding futures contract on SPIMEX, which will help improve the exchange trading system for energy resources in Russia and increase the popularity of the Russian Arctic benchmark crude in the global oil market. In conclusion, the authors underline that the creation of a new benchmark and the launch of futures will ensure stability, transparency and independence of Russian oil exports.
Mangrove untuk Ketahanan Iklim berdasarkan Indeks Kerentanan Pesisir, Penerapan di Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Rohim Nur , Eleven Saputra  , Permata Mei Kartika  , Harefa Meilinda Suriani
Published: May 2024

Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to climate change. The primary objective of this study is to use the Geographic Information System (GIS) approach to assess the level of vulnerability in the coastal area of Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, by utilizing the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) and analyzing the role of mangrove land cover in explaining the coastal vulnerability based on land cover characteristics. From 41 surveyed grids, a substantial 65.83% are classified under the category of very low vulnerability, while 34.14% fall within the range of low vulnerability, in Mempawah. The validation of the mangroves' role as a defense mechanism in mitigating climate phenomena within coastal areas was validated through various approaches such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and land cover
Penataan Administrasi Keuangan untuk Menciptakan Badan Usaha yang Tertib dalam Pelaporan Keuangan Pada CV. Biru Utama
Authors: Ningsi Etty Harya , Manurung Lambok , Lubis Irna Triannur
Published: May 2024

Keterbatasan pemahaman mengenai penyusunan laporan keuangan menjadi hal yang sering dialami pada Badan Usaha yang baru saja didirikan. Dilakukannya  kegiatan  PKM  ini bertujuan  mendukung  usaha,  yaitu  CV. Biru Utama  di  Jalan Tengku Raja Muda No. 13 Lubuk Pakam, Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara untuk menambah pemahaman mengenai pentingnya penggunaan pembukuan dalam usaha melalui  pendampingan  terkait pencatatan  transaksi  keuangan  dan  penyusunan  laporan  keuangan. Dari pendampingan tersebut, diharapkan dapat membantu usaha untuk bersaing secara global. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian ini adalah: 1) Sosialisasi dan Koordinasi. 2) Pendataan. 3) Pelaksanaan pendampingan.  4)  Pelaksanaan pelatihan. Hasil dari pengabdian yang dilaksanakan menunjukkan bahwa pengabdian yang telah dilakukan, menambah keterampilan mereka dalam mengembangkan usaha bagi CV. Biru Utama
Pelatihan Manajemen Usaha Bagi Pokdarwis Kawasan Strategis Teluk Lampung Kabupaten Pesawaran
Authors: Hakim Lukmanul , Irianto Suhendro Yusuf , Nursiyanto Nursiyanto , Saleh Sushanty
Published: May 2024

Wisata bahari di kawasan strategis Teluk Lampung kabupaten Pesawaran memiliki potensi yang besar untuk wisata provinsi Lampung. Manajemen usaha merupakan salah satu upaya mengatur segala hal dalam menjalankan usaha sehingga dapat mencapai tujuan yang diharapkan. Manajemen usaha yang dimaksudkan antaranya yaitu manajemen sumber daya manusia, manajemen pemasaran, dan manajemen keuangan. Pokdarwis merupakan kelompok masyarakat sadar wisata di kabupaten Pesawaran. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan manajemen usaha sebagai upaya untuk mengedukasi pengelolaan usaha bagi Pokdarwis Kawasan strategis pesisir Teluk Lampung. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah Pokdarwis memiliki kemampuan dalam manajemen usaha yang baik untuk pengelolaan jangka panjang objek wisata Bahari yang dikelola dan peningkatan usaha Pokdarwis.
Features of Urbanism in the Digital Economy
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Krysovatyy Ihor A.
Published: May 2024

This work focuses on the study of the features of modern urbanism, the development of «smart cities» in the context of the formation of the digital economy. With this in mind, special attention is paid to the development of digital tools – as one of the driving forces of the modern digital economy – and the possibility of its effective use for the development of modern urbanism. The purpose of the presented work is to determine the features of modern urbanism in the context of the formation of the digital economy and possible vectors of its further development. The main methods of research are: methods of analysis and synthesis – to determine the features of urbanism and the characteristics of its elements, which directly depend on the conditions of the digital economy; methods of induction and deduction – to determine the modern vector of urban development and the formation of the digital economy; comparison methods – to describe the elements of urbanism that depend on the current conditions of the digital economy; tabular and graphical methods – for visual display of the results of the presented research. The main results of the research include the following conclusions: digital technologies allow the development of the conception of «smart city», where sensors, the Internet of Things, data analytics and artificial intelligence are used to optimize the management of urban resources, reduce energy consumption, improve the transport system, ensure safety and improve the quality of life of residents; government agencies can use digital technologies to improve the operation of city services and units, provide online services to citizens, e-governance, and ensure openness and transparency in city governance; large amounts of data collected from sensors, mobile apps, public systems, and other sources allow for detailed analysis of the urban environment. The digital economy creates new opportunities for public engagement in urbanization processes. Mobile apps, online platforms and social networks allow city residents to take an active part in decision-making on the development of their city, express their needs and opinions.
Translation as a Communication Tool for Specialists in International Economic Relations
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Kovbatiuk Maryna V. , Shkliar Viktoriia V. ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Begeka Dmytro A. ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies
Published: May 2024

The communication skills of specialists in international economic relations determine the ease of overcoming linguistic and cultural boundaries in today’s globalized world. As businesses expand into international markets, the demand for professionals with a high level of language competence, including translation and interpretation skills, is high. The article substantiates that translation competence is an integral part of the professional competence of applicants for economic direction, since integration processes and international cooperation increase the requirements for foreign language proficiency not only in the interpersonal sphere, but also in the economic, especially in the field of international business. In the course of the study, the main key challenges and barriers to effective communication in international business are identified and characterized, namely: cultural differences, language barriers, non-verbal communication signals, technological challenges, time zone differences, cross-cultural misunderstandings, translation and interpretation. Emphasis is placed on translation and interpretation, as it is an important tool for facilitating communication between speakers of different languages. Correct translation and interpretation requires not only knowledge of the language, but also cultural competence, understanding of the context and knowledge of the subject. The authors identify the main areas of application of translation and interpretation in international business, including: legal and regulatory documents; financial reports and market analysis results; marketing and promotional materials for international markets; translation of technical specifications, instructions and documentation for products; diplomatic negotiations, international conferences and diplomatic correspondence on economic issues. Thus, translation is an effective tool for effective communication, cooperation and negotiations in international economic relations. By overcoming language barriers, fostering intercultural understanding, and the exchange of information and ideas, translation plays a vital role in promoting economic cooperation, trade liberalization, and sustainable development on a global scale.
The National Phenomenon of Profitability of Banks in the Conditions of Wartime
Authors:   University of Economics and Law «KROK», Sokolovska Iryna P. , Pieikov Oleksandr V. ,   University of Economics and Law «KROK»
Published: May 2024

The aim of the article is to study the reasons for the profitability of the banking sector in the conditions of wartime, as well as to assess the effectiveness of the means of the State-based regulation to ensure financial stability. The theoretical approaches to the analysis of instruments of influence on indicators of stability of financial institutions in conditions of permanent external shocks are generalized. It is identified that the main factor in increasing the profitability of the banking sector of Ukraine during the wartime was the placement of excess liquidity in low-risk and high-yield financial assets, among which NBU certificates of deposit predominate. It is substantiated that the high attractiveness of these assets was formed as a result of maintaining a high level of the discount rate for a long period of time and the presence of a high interest margin on transactions with certificates of deposit. The consequences for the financial system and the economy of the phenomenon of increased profitability in conditions of low credit activity are determined. The positive consequences include an increase in the level of capitalization and financial stability of banking institutions. Among the negative ones, the inability to use the resource potential of the banking system for investment recovery of the economy is identified. The consequences of the use of instruments of fiscal redistribution of excess profits in favor of the State budget through an increase in the tax burden for banks are analyzed. Measures to equalize the yield on NBU certificates of deposit and domestic government bonds to accumulate excess liquidity and reduce lending during the wartime are proposed. The need to reorient demand from short-term to long-term government securities to cover the budget deficit in a non-emission way has been determined, which justifies the use of such a model of redistribution of financial resources accumulated by the banking system under the conditions of the wartime economy. It is emphasized that the use of this mechanism at the stage of post-wartime economic recovery will cause negative consequences in the form of the effect of crowding out private investment by the State and the slowed down economic growth.
The Conception of Sustainable Digital Finance: Integrating Sustainable Finance with Digital Innovation
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Shkodinа Iryna V.
Published: May 2024

This article aims to explore the use of digital finance and fintech in financing sustainable projects and explain trends in the development of sustainable digital finance. Sustainable digital finance is the targeted application of digital finance to finance and support appropriate institutional and market mechanisms that contribute to the achievement of sustainable development. It is determined that the decentralization of the financial sphere opens up new opportunities for «green» investments and achievement of sustainable development goals. Transparency, trust, and efficiency are becoming essential components of a sustainable financial ecosystem that conserves natural resources and supports environmentally friendly initiatives. The use of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) in the financial sector to support sustainable development and green finance is considered. By providing financial risk forecasting and analysis, these technologies help create sustainable and effective strategies for issuers and investors, which contributes to the development of a sustainable financial sector. The taxonomy of «green» digital finance, which combines sustainable development goals with digital financial technologies, is considered. The characteristics and examples of different types of sustainable digital financial solutions are provided. The importance of continuing research in the field of sustainable digital finance to promote «green» initiatives and effectively address modern global challenges is emphasized. The practical value of this article is that it provides an overview of modern technological and financial innovations in green finance and sustainable development. The results of the study can be useful for researchers interested in the integration of finance and technology in the context of sustainable development, providing them with a basic understanding of key concepts and trends in this direction.
Economic Opportunities of «Smart Cities» in the Context of the Formation of a New World Economic Order
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Lutsiv Ruslana S. , Ivashchuk Oleh V. ,   West Ukrainian National University
Published: May 2024

The aim of the article is to study the practice of creating new «smart cities», identify their economic activity and substantiate their role in the global space, which is undergoing significant changes in the context of the formation of a new world order. The study argues that new centers of economic power are emerging in the global space – these are «smart cities» that are able to solve complex problems of a socioeconomic nature and implement the principles of sustainable development, have significant financial and technological resources. Urbanization is singled out as a dominant trend of modern global processes, which increases attention to «smart cities», because the share of the population living in cities is increasing – from 52.6% in 2012 to 56.9% in 2022. The article analyzes the development of the market of «smart cities», evaluates the forecast indicators, discloses the main economic opportunities of the new «smart cities». The project of creating a «smart city» of the future in Saudi Arabia, called Neom, has been detailed. The main investment sectors in this project are identified, which will contribute to economic growth and diversification of the city's life support. It is substantiated that this project is designed for public and private investment and will implement the highest standards of sustainable development. The factors, advantages, economic opportunities and future economic benefits of the project for both companies and future residents are identified and systematized. The scheme of the «smart city» of NAC in Egypt is analyzed. The specifics of the eco-«smart city» of the district level Thu Thiem Lotte Eco Smart City in Vietnam and the Woven City project are determined, other projects of new «smart cities» that will promote equal opportunities for all residents and form community values are analyzed. The advantages of «smart cities», which will ultimately improve the quality of life of the population, reduce costs and increase the efficiency of the city as a whole, are identified. In the future, the results of the activities of new «smart cities» will depend on their ability to quickly respond to global challenges, technological changes and investment difficulties, competition from other, already institutionally formed, subjects of international economic relations.