bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ground Water Exploitation and its Relation to the Water Quality Deterioration Conditions of Sana'a Drinking Water Supply
Authors: كمال احمد العاني  , محمد فارع محمد
Published: July 2024

#كان الدافع الرئيس لأجراء هذا البحث هو إعطاء الاهتمام اللازم لنضوب المياه الجوفية والتلوث في حوض صنعاء الأمر الذي جعل هذا الموضوع على رأس المشاكل التي تستلزم إجراء دراسات وبحوث ميدانية شاملة واهتمام لاستيعابها والخروج بحلول مناسبة لها. إن يحثنا هذا موجه لدراسة الصفات النوعية الكيميائية المياه الشرب في صنعاء. العديد إن من المستويات غير المقبولة بالنسبة للأيونات الخاصة  (SO4-2, F- ,NO3-, Fe+2 Fe+3) والتي تسبب مشاكل خطيرة عند زيادة تركيزها عن الحد الأعلى المسموح به من قبل منظمة الصحة العالمية، ودليل المواصفات الوطنية لمياه الشرب في اليمن. وفي نفس الوقت هنالك العديد من عينات المياه من مواقع مختلفة أظهرت مستويات مقبولة للعناصر الشائعة كما تظهر ذلك الجداول التي تحدد نوعية مياه الشرب في مدينة صنعاء. إن الاختلافات في التراكيز الواردة في الأيونات الأربعة إنما تعزى إلى الطبيعة الجيولوجية والكيميائية الخصائص الصخور والتربة لكل منطقة، وعمق الآبار وكمية المياه المخزونة فيها، وكذلك للتلوث الناتج جراء مياه المجاري السائبة.
واقع تدريس مادة اللغة العربية المتطلب الجامعي وتصور مقترح للتطوير في ضوء معايير الجودة
Authors: سارة عبدالرحيم سيف الحمادي
Published: July 2024

#في ضوء واقع الضعف الملحوظ في مهارات اللغة العربية لدى طلبة الجامعة والذي أصبح ظاهرة متفشية ومشكلة تقتضي المعالجة والحل، والمتجسدة ملامحه في قلة واضحة في المعجم اللغوي الذي يمتلكه الطالب الجامعي ، وأخطاء إملائية كثيرة، وضعف في القدرة على تركيب المعلومات وكتابتها بصورة ممنهجه، وانطلاقاً من ضرورة وأهمية الالتزام بمعايير الجودة في تقييم ومراجعة وتطوير البرامج الأكاديمية بما تتضمنه من مقررات دراسية، بوصفها خطوة مهمة للوصول للاعتماد البرامجي، هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم واقع تدريس مقرر مادة اللغة العربية (101) و (102) المتطلب الجامعي من وجهة نظر الأساتذة والطلبة وتقديم تصور مقترح لتطوير هذا المقرر في ضوء معايير الجودة، حيث تم بناء استبانة لتقييم واقع تدريس مادة اللغة العربية المتطلب الجامعي تكونت من 25 فقرة شملت جوانب : الأهداف، والمحتوى، واستراتيجيات التعليم والتعلم ، وأساليب تقويم أداء الطلبة، تم تطبيقها على عينة الدراسة من الأساتذة (9) أفراد) والطلبة (147) طالبا وطالبة). وبناء على نتائج هذا التقييم التي أظهرت أن ملامح الواقع المطلوب لتدريس مادة اللغة العربية المتطلب الجامعي في ضوء تقديرات الأساتذة والطلبة متحققة بدرجة متوسطة في جميع مجالات الاستبانة، باستثناء المحتوى الذي كانت ملامحه متحققة بدرجة ضعيفة ؛ قدمت الدراسة تصوراً مقترحا لتطوير مقرر مادة اللغة العربية (101) و (102) المتطلب الجامعي في صورة توصيف متكامل لمقررها تم اعداده في ضوء معايير جودة المقرر الدراسي المعتمدة من مجلس الاعتماد الأكاديمي وضمان الجودة، شمل : الأهداف العامة لتدريس المادة لطلبة الجامعة من غير المتخصصين فيها، ومخرجات التعلم، والمحتوى بمفرداته وموضوعاته، واستراتيجيات التعليم والتعلم المستخدمة في تدريس المادة، وأساليب التقويم ، والتكليفات والنشاطات التطبيقية اللازمة لإكساب الطلبة المهارات اللغوية المطلوبة.
فاعلية دوائر الأدب في تنمية مهارات التذوق الأدبي لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي مديرية دمت بمحافظة الضالع
Authors: ياسين علي المقلحي  , وضاح يحيى المهدي
Published: July 2024

هدف البحث إلى معرفة فاعلية دوائر الأدب في تنمية مهارات التذوق الأدبي، بعد تدريس النصوص الأدبية المقررة لطالبات الصف الأول الثانوي، ولتحقيق ذلك تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي في إعداد مواد البحث وأداته (مقياس مهارات التذوق الأدبي). وبعد التحقق من الخصائص القياسية لها أصبح مقياس التذوق الأدبي يتكون من (40) مفردة، توزعت على (24) مهارة من مهارات التذوق الأدبي، واستخدام المنهج شبه التجريبي من خلال تطبيق أداة البحث على عينة التجربة قبل المعالجة التدريسية وعددها (60) طالبة، موزعة بالتساوي على مجموعتي البحث التجريبية والضابطة، ودلّت نتائج التطبيق القبلي لأداة البحث على عدم وجود فرق دال إحصائيًا عند (0.05) بين متوسطي درجات طالبات المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة، وهذا يدل على تكافؤ المجموعتين في متغيرات البحث قبل التجريب. وقد كشفت نتائج البحث عن الآتي: وجود فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات طالبات المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في التطبيق البعدي للمقياس ككل ومهاراته المختلفة، لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وأن حجم التأثير كبير للمقياس ككل، حيث بلغ 84%، وهي قيمة عالية تشير إلى قوة تأثير المعالجة التجريبية (دوائر الأدب) على مقياس مهارات التذوق الأدبي ككل. واوصى البحث بالعديد من التوصيات واقترح عدد من المقترحات ذات العلاقة بمجال البحث والجهات المعنية.
مرشــح كالمــــن لنمـــوذج حركي هرمي
Authors: سلطان علي محمد سالم
Published: July 2024

هدف البحث إلى اشتقاق صيغة رياضية لحساب مرشح كالمن لنموذج حركي هرمي، وهذه الصيغة تمثل اجراء تكراريا لتقدير مَعْلَمَات النموذج المعنى, وتعمل على إقلال الخطأ المرافق للنموذج حصولا على المقدر الأمثل للمَعْلَمَات، وقد خلص البحث إلى أن النتائج التي تم اشتقاقها في هذا البحث تطبق بصوره عامة عندما تكون مصفوفات التباين معلومة, وهذا في الغالب نادر الحدوث في التطبيقات العملية, لذا يجب أن تتوافر مقاييس ملائمة في البيانات قيد الدراسة تسمح بتقدير التباين، كما أن الأسلوب المقترح للتطبيق يمكن استخدامه لمجموعة واحدة من البيانات أي أن i=1  ويمكن تعميمه  لأكثر من مجموعة من البيانات.
EFFICIENCY OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE PROFITABILITY: A CASE OF JORDANIAN INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES
Authors: Faris Nasif AL- Shubiri
Published: July 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة الى معرفة العلاقة بين إدارة رأس المال التشغياي وربحية الشركات لعينة مكونة من 59 شركة صناعية أردنية مدرجة في بورصة عمان لمدة 4 سنوات من 2004 – 2007. وقد قام الباحث بدراسة تأثير العديد من المتغيرات المختلفة لإدارة رأس المال بما فيها متوسط فترة التحصيل، و المخزون اليومي، ومتوسط فترة السداد، ودورة التحويل النقدي ودورة التجارة الصافية، على صافي الربحية التشغيلية وإجمالي الربح كمقاييس لربحية الشركات الصناعية الأردنية. تم استخدام نسبة الدين وحجم الشركة (المقاسة من حيث المبيعات) والنسبة الحالية ونسبة نمو المبيعات كمتغيرات مستقلة.
 نسب الاكتئاب النفسي لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: سناء محمد حيدرة
Published: July 2024

# يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على نسبة انتشار الاكتئاب النفسي لدى طلبة جامعة عدن، والتعرف على الروق بين الجنسين في الاكتئاب كما تقيسه الدرجة الكلية وعلى مستوى كل عرض، واستخدم البحث المنهج الوصفي المسحي والمقارن، واشتمل البحث على مقدمة عامة عن البحث، وأربعة محاور: المحور الأول: الإطار النظري للبحث، والمحور الثاني: عرض الدراسات السابقة، والمحور الثالث: إجراءات البحث، والرابع: عرض نتائج البحث ثم مناقشتها وتفسيرها، وختم البحث بالتوصيات والمقترحات، وقد توصل البحث إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها: أن هناك فروقاً ذات دلالة إحصائية لصالح الإناث في صعوبة العمل، وعدم اتخاذ القرار، وعدم الرضا والتعب، وهو ما يعني أن الإناث أكثر من الذكور من حيث ضغط المشاعر والشعور بالعجز بسبب تعدد أدوارهن في الحياة.
الشركة العرفية بين التأصيل الفقهي وموقف القانون اليمني
Authors: الساروي مطيع مثنى أحمد
Published: July 2024

تأتي أهمية هذه الدراسة من كونها تعالج قضية من أكثر القضايا انتشاراً في واقع المجتمع اليمني، وهي قضية: (الشركة العرفية وما يتعلق بها من أحكام مالية)، و تهدف الدراسة إلى الكشف عن حقيقة هذه الشركة، وبيان أحكامها الفقهية والقانونية، اعتمادًا على منهج تحليلي مقارن، وقد انتظمت الدراسة في مقدمة, وتمهيد، وثلاثة مباحث رئيسة؛ اختص التمهيد: بتعريف الشركة العرفية، والفرق بينها وبين الشركة الرسمية, وجاء المبحث الأول: في التأصيل الفقهي لهذه الشركة ، والمبحث الثاني: في أحكام الأرباح المالية في الشركة العرفية، وجاء المبحث الثالث: في بيان موقف القانون اليمني من هذه الشركة، وكانت أهم النتائج: أن الشركة العرفية، تعد من باب الشركة المطلقة, التي لا تأخذ أحكاماً ثابتة بصورة مطردة, كما هي عليه الحال في الشركة الرسمية؛ وإنما تتغير أحكامها تبعاً للظروف والمؤثرات التي أدت إلى ظهورها على أرض الواقع؛ فقد تأخذ في بعض صورها أحكام شركة الملك, وفي صورة أخرى أحكام شركة العقد, وفي صورة ثالثة تجتمع فيها أحكام الشركتين معاً.
دراسة تأثير العوامل الطبيعية على إنتاج البن في محافظات :صنعاء –تعز – الحديدة – للفترة 2003-2012م
Authors: نبيلة علي أحمد السنيني
Published: July 2024

#يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على خصائص العوامل الطبيعية المؤثرة في إنتاج البن في الجمهورية اليمنية، واستخدم البحث المنهج التحليلي الإحصائي، وتناول البحث مجموعة من المحاور، أولها: مقدمة عامة عن البحث، ثم عرض العوامل الطبيعية الملائمة لزراعة البن، ثم عرض متغيرات البحث وفرضياته الإحصائية، ثم تحليل البيانات، ثم مناقشة نتائج البحث، وختم البحث بالتوصيات، وقد توصل البحث إلى عدد من النتائج أهمها: أظهرت نتائج التحليل الخاص بمحافظة صنعاء أن عامل المساحة المزروعة وسرعة الرياح كان لهما تأثير معنوي على إنتاج البن في المحافظة.
Strategi Pembelajaran Guru Bahasa Arab dalam Meningkatkan Maharoh Kitabah Siswa Kelas Tahfidz MI Muhammadiyah 1 PK Sukoharjo
Authors: Putri Fatimah Arisika , Abbas Zainul , Qosim Muhammad Nanang
Published: July 2024

Education has an important position in human life. In the world of education there is a process of teaching and learning activities between an educator (teacher) and students. One of the successes of a teacher is to use learning strategies. From the statement above, the researcher analyzed the teacher's strategy and its application in improving speaking skills in the Arabic language material of the Tahfidz MI Muhammadiyah 1 PK Sukoharjo class. This study aims to find out and describe the strategies used by Arabic teachers in improving speaking skills in students of Tahfidz MI Muhammadiyah 1 PK Sukoharjo, as well as to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors of learning strategies in improving speaking skills.
The research method used is qualitative method. This study used three data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. Researchers analyze the data using namely; data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. While the data trianggulation used is a triangulation technique.
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di Sekolah: Persiapan Mahasiswa UIN Raden Fatah Palembang sebagai Calon Guru dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Pendidikan
Authors: Sari Indah Permata , Bella Hanum Salsa , Julinda Julinda , Ersyliasari Aulia , Annur Saiful
Published: July 2024

The implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum presents various challenges, both in terms of preparedness and understanding of the curriculum concept itself. Teachers are required to be more innovative and creative in designing and conducting lessons. Thus, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum aims to prepare students as prospective teachers to face educational challenges. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study method. The data used includes interviews, observations, and documentation. The research results show that the Merdeka Curriculum facilitates education students at UIN Raden Fatah Palembang in optimizing teaching tools.
Pengembangan Permainan Elektronik Hanzi Bihua 汉字笔画 untuk Melatih Keterampilan Menulis Hanzi 汉字 pada Anak Kelas 2 SD JAC Surabaya
Authors: Tatuwo Anggi Gratia , Fatirul Achmad Noor , Harwanto Harwanto
Published: July 2024

Penelitian pengembangan ini menghasilkan permainan berjudul Hanzi Bihua menggunakan prosedur penelitian milik Borg and Gall dengan metode pengembangan produk ADDIE oleh Molenda. Data penelitian pengembangan media ini adalah kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan instrumen angket. Pengembangan media ini telah divalidasi layak oleh ahli desain, ahli materi, dan ahli media. Subjek penelitian adalah 66 peserta didik kelas 2 SD JAC Surabaya yang dibagi dalam tiga kelompok ujicoba: kelompok kecil, sedang, dan besar. Hasil uji coba media pada kelompok kecil dan sedang adalah layak dengan revisi. Sedangkan hasil uji coba kelompok besar adalah layak tanpa revisi. Sehingga media ini dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
An analysis of referral patterns of traumatic brain injury at Groote Schuur Hospital Trauma Centre
Authors: Parker N , Navsaria T , Lopez M , Marineau L , Maine R , Chu K , Govender T , McPherson D , Navsaria P
Published: July 2024

Background. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in significant morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed in a timely manner. Brain computed tomography (CT) is the diagnostic gold standard but is of limited availability in most South African public hospitals, resulting in transfer of TBI patients to tertiary hospitals.
Objective. To describe the referral patterns and outcomes of patients with TBI referred to Groote Schuur Hospital Trauma Centre. Methods. This was a retrospective audit of all patients admitted to the Trauma Centre who had a brain CT scan for suspected TBI between 1 February 2022 and 31 March 2022. Demographic data (age, sex), mechanism of injury and Glasgow Coma Score were recorded. Referral pathways were determined, and final disposition of patients was recorded.
Results. A total of 522 patients had a brain CT for TBI. Of these, 314 (60.1%) were referred from other hospitals. CT scan was abnormal in 178 (34.1%) patients. Three hundred and two (58.6%) were discharged home within 24 hours. The mean time between referral and CT scan was 13 hours.
Conclusion. More than half of patients referred for a CT scan were discharged from the Trauma Centre within 24 hours of admission, which indicates additional costs and inefficiencies in the health system. These data are useful to guide resource planning and allocation for district hospitals, since less expensive point-of-care modalities now exist to diagnose TBI, and which are useful in indicating the prognosis of patients.
Diagnosis and presenting features of autoimmune hepatitis at a central referral hospital in South Africa
Authors: Maharaj Y , Naidoo V G
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) has scarcely been reported on in patients of black African descent. Similarly, few studies have focused on the relationship between AIH and Human-Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.
Aim
We aim to describe the presenting features of AIH from a single referral centre in a Sub-Sahara African setting. We also compare the presenting features of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients.
Methods
This study was a retrospective chart review. Patients were included if they fulfilled criteria for the International AIH Group simplified score for probable or definite AIH, were 18 years or older at inclusion, and attended the adult Gastroenterology clinic at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital (IALCH) for the period 1/1/2015 to 31/12/2020 on at least 2 occasions.
Results
Forty cases were included, of which 33 (82.5%) were female and 33 (82.5%) were black African. Median age at diagnosis was 26 years. A diagnosis of a coexistent autoimmune disease was made in 22.5% of patients, with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) being the most common (12.5%). Sixteen patients were HIV-infected, all of whom were female (p =0.03), with a significantly older age of disease onset as compared to their HIV-uninfected counterparts (median age 38 vs 17.5 years, p <0.001).
Conclusion
AIH is a disease most commonly affecting young females. Female sex and older age of onset is associated with AIH in HIV-infected individuals.
Early online
Authors: Lamfel R , Snyman L , Seopela L , Jahn G , Becker P
Published: July 2024

Background. Caesarean section is a life-saving procedure which is associated with high rates of maternal and neonatal complications. It has been estimated that globally, 29.7 million births occur by caesarean section annually. The risk of postpartum infection is estimated to be five to ten times higher compared to normal vaginal delivery. Pregnancy-related sepsis was listed as a top six cause of maternal mortality in the South African Saving Mothers report between 2017 and 2019. Multiple trials have been conducted in an attempt to optimise administration of prophylactic antibiotics in an effort to reduce postpartum infection and maternal sepsis, and current practice guidelines suggest that there is sufficient evidence that extended spectrum antibiotics, in combination with kefazolin, result in reduction of postpartum infectionsObjectives. To investigate the effect of perioperative administration of kefazolin alone compared to kefazolin plus metronidazole onpostpartum infection in women undergoing caesarean section at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital.Method. All patients undergoing emergency or elective caesarean section were randomised and then sequentially numbered in opaque sealed envelopes, which were placed in the caesarean section operating theatre. The intervention group received kefazolin and a sealed envelope with metronidazole. The control group received kefazolin and a sealed envelope with normal saline.Results. A total of 57/1 010 patients (5.64%) had surgical site infections, of which 27 (5.33%) were in the control group, and 30 (5.96%)were in the intervention group (p=0.66). Two patients in each arm (0.40% in the intervention arm and 0.39% in the control arm) underwent laparotomy procedures, while three women (0.60%) in the intervention arm and four women (0.79%) in the control arm underwent hysterectomy procedures. There were no statistically significant differences in all the measured secondary outcomes between the two groups.Conclusion. The overall sepsis rate in this study was 5.64%. Postpartum infection is multifactorial and there are multiple factors that can be addressed in strengthening the sepsis care bundle. We do not recommend the addition of metronidazole to kefazolin as prophylaxis at caesarean section.
Presentación. Nuevas narrativas femeninas de formación: género y discursos en los márgenes
Authors: Senís Fernández Juan , Villamandos Alberto
Published: July 2024

Presentación del monográfico "Nuevas narrativas femeninas de formación: género y discursos en los márgenes", coordinado por Juan Senís Fernández y Alberto Villamandos.
On the organization of prosecutorial and supervisory support for the implementation of the national project “Ecological Well-Being”
Authors: Usov Aleksei Yur'evich
Published: July 2024

The author examines the relations between the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation and supervisory support in the field of implementation of a national project in the field of ecology. The subject of the research is the practice of the prosecutor's offices of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation, the case law of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the Russian Federation and organizational and administrative documents of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation, the works of scientists related to the topic of research. The methodological basis of the research includes the dialectical method; system method; methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, induction, observation, modeling, historical, comparative legal, statistical and other methods. The author examines the organization of supervisory support for national projects, in particular, the problems that arise during work with sources of information about violations of laws, the organization of systemic information interaction with the objects being inspected, the distribution of responsibilities among prosecutors, the formation of departmental reporting, interaction with specialists (experts) during inspections, as well as during inspections at various stages of implementation of national projects. The work classifies typical violations and analyzes specific examples at various stages of national project implementation, such as: organizing and conducting procurement; implementation of government contracts; payment of government contracts and other expenditure of budget funds; organization and implementation of subsequent maintenance of purchased equipment and constructed facilities. The author also substantiates the need to create a single expert institution in the Russian Federation.
The forms of positioning of Russian fine art in the cultural space of modern Shanghai
Authors: Pan Liang
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the main forms of presentation and positioning of Russian fine art, in particular the St. Petersburg art school, in the cultural space of modern Shanghai. The research material is the works of fine art by artists from Russia, which were presented during this period at exhibitions and other cultural and educational events in Shanghai. Tasks: to determine the range of events in Shanghai in which the works of Russian artists participated in the 2010-2020s.; to characterize the works of Russian authors presented at exhibitions, including through the artistic analysis of the latter; to identify the authors, themes, genres and images of Russian painting, and historical periods that are in demand by residents of the Chinese city. The theoretical and methodological basis of this research is the works on the history and theory of Soviet and modern Russian art, the art market, philosophy and aesthetics, as well as factual materials related to the artistic life of modern Shanghai, especially those presented in announcements and descriptions of exhibition projects and other events in Shanghai with the participation of Russian painting. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that it highlights the current situation in the field of presentation of Russian art by Chinese institutions on the example of Shanghai, a city that is traditionally famous for its ties with the culture of its northern neighbor, especially with St. Petersburg – the cradle of the artistic traditions of Russian art. By referring to the material of art exhibitions of the 2010-2020s, which took place in different spaces of Shanghai, the author analyzes which approaches the curators of such projects prefer in the presentation of Russian painting, both modern and Soviet period. An artistic analysis of the pictorial material of the exhibitions is carried out. The main function of these events is determined by the comparison of Russian and Chinese painting, which is important for new generations of masters.
La intermediación digital en el trabajo doméstico remunerado en América Latina: una propuesta analítica para su estudio
Authors: Poblete Lorena , Pereyra Francisca , Tizziani Ania
Published: July 2024

The introduction to the dossier provides an analytical framework for studying digital platforms for paid domestic work in Latin America and presents the contributions of the various articles included within this framework. The analytical proposal distinguishes three main dimensions. First, it discusses the methodological challenges of studying digital work platforms in this sector, along with the strategies commonly used to overcome these challenges. Second, it proposes criteria to classify the differences among work platforms, given their heterogeneity. Finally, it examines the impact of these platforms on the working conditions of domestic workers and the inequalities they face. To this end, it suggests several aspects that could be studied to help define lines of research on the effects of digital intermediation in a sector historically marked by precariousness.
Alguém se meteu no meio: modelos de intermediação digital do trabalho doméstico no Brasil
Authors: Fragale Filho Roberto , Dos Santos Lima Marina
Published: July 2024

Informality is a reality for three-quarters of domestic workers in Brazil who, without a formal employment relationship, are not protected by the legal guarantees established since 2013. This lack of legal protection is exacerbated by the emphasis on entrepreneurship promoted by a growing number of digital platforms offering domestic work intermediation. In this article, we examine the structural standards of digital intermediation companies for domestic work in Brazil. Four representative platforms (GetNinjas, Parafuzo, Helpty, and Crafty) were analyzed. Our research corpus consists of their websites and applications, their terms of use, as well as journalistic articles and complaints from workers and clients on the website Reclame Aqui. The results are presented in three parts: (i) the history and general characteristics of each platform; (ii) their content organized into four categories of analysis (marketing, hiring, remuneration, and reputation systems); and (iii) the accounts of clients and workers on the Reclame Aqui website. The study found that digital intermediaries for domestic work present complex challenges for workers, as they amplify existing risks in the dominant labor model, such as intense subordination, economic dependence, lack of transparency about the value of their work, and exclusion from legal labor protection, whose recent expansion has not resulted in effective change. The study also suggests that this intensification of risks increases directly with the degree of intervention by the digital intermediary in the client-worker relationship.
Quantum Inspired Chaotic Salp Swarm Optimization for Dynamic Optimization
Authors: Pathak Sanjai , Mani Ashish , Sharma Mayank , Chatterjee Amlan
Published: July 2024

Many real-world problems are dynamic optimization problems that are unknown beforehand. In practice, unpredictable events such as the arrival of new jobs, due date changes, and reservation cancellations, changes in parameters or constraints make the search environment dynamic. Many algorithms are designed to deal with stationary optimization problems, but these algorithms do not face dynamic optimization problems or manage them correctly. Although some of the optimization algorithms are proposed to deal with the changes in dynamic environments differently, there are still areas of improvement in existing algorithms due to limitations or drawbacks, especially in terms of locating and following the previously identified optima. With this in mind, we studied a variant of SSA known as QSSO, which is integrating the principles of quantum computing. An attempt is made to improve the overall performance of standard SSA to deal with the dynamic environment effectively by locating and tracking the global optima for DOPs. This work is an extension of the proposed new algorithm QSSO, known as the Quantum-inspired Chaotic Salp Swarm Optimization (QCSSO) Algorithm, which is detailing the various approaches taken into consideration while solving DOPs. A chaotic operator is employed with quantum computing to respond to change and guarantee to increase individual searchability by improving population diversity and the speed at which the algorithm converges. We experimented by evaluating QCSSO on a well-known generalized dynamic benchmark problem (GDBG) provided for CEC 2009, followed by a comparative numerical study with well-regarded algorithms. As promised, the introduced QCSSO is discovered, and a rival algorithm for DOPs.
Finding The Inverse of A Polynomial Modulo in The Ring Z[X] Based on The Method of Undetermined Coefficients
Authors: Shevchuk Ruslan , Yakymenko Ihor , Karpinski Mikolaj , Shylinska Inna , Kasianchuk Mykhailo
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the theoretical foundations of finding the inverse of a polynomial modulo in the ring Z[x] based on the method of undetermined coefficients. The use of the latter makes it possible to significantly reduce the time complexity of calculations avoiding the operation of finding the greatest common divisor. An example of calculating the inverse of a polynomial modulo in the ring Z[x] based on the proposed approach is given. Analytical expressions of the time complexities of the developed and classical methods depending on the degrees of polynomials are built. The graphic dependence of the complexity of performing the operation of finding the inverse of a polynomial in the ring Z[x] is presented, which shows the advantages of the method based on undetermined coefficients. It is found that the efficiency of the developed method increases logarithmically with an increase in the degrees of polynomials.
Explainable Spark-based PSO Clustering for Intrusion Detection
Authors: Ben ncir Chiheb eddine , Ben Haj kacem Mohamed Aymen , Alatas Mohammed
Published: July 2024

Given the exponential growth of available data in large networks, the existence of rapid, transparent and explainable intrusion detection systems has become of high necessity to effectively discover attacks in such huge networks. To deal with this challenge, we propose a novel explainable intrusion detection system based on Spark, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) clustering and eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques. Spark is used as a parallel processing model for the effective processing of large-scale data, PSO is integrated for improving the quality of the intrusion detection system by avoiding sensitive initialization and premature convergence of the clustering algorithm and finally, XAI techniques are used to enhance interpretability and explainability of intrusion recommendations by providing both micro and macro explanations of detected intrusions. Experiments are conducted on several large collections of real datasets to show the effectiveness of the proposed intrusion detection system in terms of explainability, scalability and accuracy. The proposed system has shown high transparency in assisting security experts and decision-makers to understand and interpret attack behavior.
The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2D/eff maintains a youthful proteome and ensures protein quality control during aging
Authors: Hunt Liam C , Nyamkondiwa Kudzai , Stephan Anna , Jiao Jianqin , Kavdia Kanisha , Pagala Vishwajeeth , Peng Junmin , Demontis Fabio
Published: July 2024

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) are key for regulating protein function and turnover via ubiquitination but it remains undetermined which E2s maintain proteostasis during aging. Here, we find that E2s have diverse roles in handling a model aggregation-prone protein (huntingtin-polyQ) in the
Drosophila
retina: while some E2s mediate aggregate assembly, UBE2D/effete (eff) and other E2s are required for huntingtin-polyQ degradation. UBE2D/eff is key for proteostasis also in skeletal muscle: eff protein levels decline with aging, and muscle-specific eff knockdown causes an accelerated buildup in insoluble poly-ubiquitinated proteins (which progressively accumulate with aging) and shortens lifespan. Transgenic expression of human UBE2D2, homologous to eff, partially rescues the lifespan and proteostasis deficits caused by muscle-specific eff
RNAi
by re-establishing the physiological levels of eff
RNAi
-regulated proteins, which include several regulators of proteostasis. Interestingly, UBE2D/eff knockdown in young age reproduces part of the proteomic changes that normally occur in old muscles, suggesting that the decrease in UBE2D/eff protein levels that occurs with aging contributes to reshaping the composition of the muscle proteome. Altogether, these findings indicate that UBE2D/eff is a key E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that ensures protein quality control and helps maintain a youthful proteome composition during aging.
Eco-evolutionary dynamics of adapting pathogens and host immunity
Authors: Barrat-Charlaix Pierre , Neher Richard A
Published: July 2024

As pathogens spread in a population of hosts, immunity is built up, and the pool of susceptible individuals are depleted. This generates selective pressure, to which many human RNA viruses, such as influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2, respond with rapid antigenic evolution and frequent emergence of immune evasive variants. However, the host’s immune systems adapt, and older immune responses wane, such that escape variants only enjoy a growth advantage for a limited time. If variant growth dynamics and reshaping of host-immunity operate on comparable time scales, viral adaptation is determined by eco-evolutionary interactions that are not captured by models of rapid evolution in a fixed environment. Here, we use a Susceptible/Infected model to describe the interaction between an evolving viral population in a dynamic but immunologically diverse host population. We show that depending on strain cross-immunity, heterogeneity of the host population, and durability of immune responses, escape variants initially grow exponentially, but lose their growth advantage before reaching high frequencies. Their subsequent dynamics follows an anomalous random walk determined by future escape variants and results in variant trajectories that are unpredictable. This model can explain the apparent contradiction between the clearly adaptive nature of antigenic evolution and the quasi-neutral dynamics of high-frequency variants observed for influenza viruses.
Feeding Rates in Sessile versus Motile Ciliates are Hydrodynamically Equivalent
Authors: Liu Jingyi , Man Yi , Costello John H. , Kanso Eva
Published: July 2024

Motility endows microorganisms with the ability to swim to nutrient-rich environments, but many species are sessile. Existing hydrodynamic arguments in support of either strategy, to swim or to attach and generate feeding currents, are often built on a limited set of experimental or modeling assumptions. Here, to assess the hydrodynamics of these “swim” or “stay” strategies, we propose a comprehensive methodology that combines mechanistic modeling with a survey of published shape and flow data in ciliates. Model predictions and empirical observations show small variations in feeding rates in favor of either motile or sessile cells. Case-specific variations notwithstanding, our overarching analysis shows that flow physics imposes no constraint on the feeding rates that are achievable by the swimming versus sessile strategies – they can both be equally competitive in transporting nutrients and wastes to and from the cell surface within flow regimes typically experienced by ciliates. Our findings help resolve a longstanding dilemma of which strategy is hydrodynamically optimal and explain patterns occurring in natural communities that alternate between free swimming and temporary attachments. Importantly, our findings indicate that the evolutionary pressures that shaped these strategies acted in concert with, not against, flow physics.
Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and shear-wave elastography for small breast nodules
Authors: Shen Yan , He Jie , Liu Miao , Hu Jiaojiao , Wan Yonglin , Zhang Tingting , Ding Jun , Dong Jiangnan , Fu Xiaohong
Published: July 2024

Background

The study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and shear-wave elastography (SWE) in detecting small malignant breast nodules in an effort to inform further refinements of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification system.

Methods

This study retrospectively analyzed patients with breast nodules who underwent conventional ultrasound, CEUS, and SWE at Gongli Hospital from November 2015 to December 2019. The inclusion criteria were nodules ≤ 2 cm in diameter with pathological outcomes determined by biopsy, no prior treatments, and solid or predominantly solid nodules. The exclusion criteria included pregnancy or lactation and low-quality images. Imaging features were detailed and classified per BI-RADS. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

The study included 302 patients with 305 breast nodules, 113 of which were malignant. The diagnostic accuracy was significantly improved by combining the BI-RADS classification with CEUS and SWE. The combined approach yielded a sensitivity of 88.5%, specificity of 87.0%, positive predictive value of 80.0%, negative predictive value of 92.8%, and accuracy of 87.5% with an area under the curve of 0.877. Notably, 55.8% of BI-RADS 4A nodules were downgraded to BI-RADS 3 and confirmed as benign after pathological examination, suggesting the potential to avoid unnecessary biopsies.

Conclusion

The integrated use of the BI-RADS classification, CEUS, and SWE enhances the accuracy of differentiating benign and malignant small breast nodule, potentially reducing the need for unnecessary biopsies.
Gestão de riscos em uma universidade federal: uma análise à luz dos “frameworks” internacionais
Authors: Souza Neto Luiz Bernardo de , Borba Eric Renato Brito , Albuquerque Fernando José de , Souza Ângela Cristina Rocha de , Corrêa Maria Iraê de Souza
Published: July 2024

Considerando a existência de poucos estudos sobre a gestão de risco nas universidades públicas federais, objetiva-se averiguar a implementação das boas práticas de gestão de risco na UFRPE, com base em frameworks internacionais. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, cujo dados foram coletados por meio de uma pesquisa documental. A análise dos dados se deu a partir da adaptação e aplicação dos indicadores formulados por Vieira e Araújo (2020). Desse modo, os resultados indicam que a UFRPE atende parcialmente as recomendações internacionais de boas práticas de gestão de risco, o que permite concluir que embora tenha avançado na implementação da gestão de riscos ainda há desafios estruturais a serem superados para garantir uma abordagem abrangente e eficiente.
Prevalence and Characterisation of Irregular RBC Antibodies in Antenatal Females from a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Rajput Saroj , Makroo Raj Nath , Chowdhry Mohit
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Haemolytic Disease of the Foetus and Newborn (HDFN) is widely known to be caused by the presence of irregular Red Blood Cell (RBC) antibodies in pregnant females. To prevent HDFN, it is crucial to identify these antibodies in pregnant women. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of irregular red cell antibodies in pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Transfusion Medicine at Indraprastha Apollo New Delhi, from November 2009 to December 2017. A total of 8,217 prenatal females were examined for irregular red cell antibodies. Antibody screening and blood grouping were performed. The Capture-R ready screen was used to confirm screen-positive tests. Adsorption, elution, and other advanced techniques were utilised as needed. Data was collected from patient records and entered into a Microsoft excel spreadsheet. The statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 14.0 (USA). Statistical tests, including the Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact test, were performed, with a p-value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the 8,217 prenatal females examined, 105 (1.27%) had positive screening results with the four cell panel. Red cell alloimmunisation was observed in groups that were RhD negative (n=93/105; 88.57%) and positive (n=12/105; 11.42%). The most prevalent alloantibody among RhD negative individuals was alloantibody anti-D (n= 83/93; 89.24%), followed by alloantibody anti C+ anti D (n=13/93; 13.97%). Anti-D was the most prevalent alloantibody overall (n=83/105; 79.04%). Conclusion: Alloimmunisation rates were notably high among women lacking the Rh D antigen. Individuals with a history of adverse obstetric outcomes showed a statistically significant association with alloimmunisation. Therefore, it is recommended to screen such individuals for alloantibodies to enable early detection and improve the management of HDFN.
Cerebellar Haemangioblastoma: A Case Report
Authors: Christopher Joana , Thanka J , Shobana B , Rengarajan Santhanam
Published: July 2024

Haemangioblastomas are benign, highly vascular tumours containing neoplastic stromal cells with characteristic immunohistochemical features. They are slow-growing tumours with a solid or cystic pattern of unknown origin and are classified as Grade-I benign tumours. They mostly arise in the cerebellum, medulla and spinal cord and are histologically similar to the vascular lesions in the retina. Haemangioblastomas are the most frequent manifestations of an autosomal-dominant inherited syndrome, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease but can also occur as sporadic non hereditary tumours. Hereby, the current case report is on a 53-year-old male who presented to the tertiary care hospital with a persistent headache for six weeks. Based on just the clinical history and examination, the patient was given a probable diagnosis of either cerebellar haemangioblastoma or cerebellar tumour. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was performed, which suggested that the lesion could be a glioma or metastatic deposits from a different tumour. In view of these differentials, the patient underwent tumour excision and decompression via suboccipital craniectomy, and an extraventricular drainage was placed for ease of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) drainage. With the help of histopathological diagnosis, the patient was diagnosed with an apparent sporadic type of cerebellar haemangioblastoma, but this can be confirmed only after detailed genetic screening.
CLINICAL POTENCY OF UNANI REGIMEN IN MANAGEMENT OF VITILIGO: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Muzaffer Mariyam , Uddin Qamar , Minhajuddin Ahmed , Jabeen Juveria
Published: July 2024

vitiligo is a common skin disorder in which there is a focal failure of pigmentation due to destruction of melanocytes that is thought to be mediated by immunological mechanism.10-30% of patients have history in other relatives. A 5 years old male child was brought to outpatient department of National research institute of Unani medicine for skin disorder Hyderabad, with presenting complaints of hypopigmented patches covering right cheek and periorbital area for from past 3 years, he was treated with topical Unani formulation UNIM001 for the period of 1 year from 0ctober 2020 to October 2021. All the routine blood and urine investigations were done before and after treatment. After 1 year of treatment patient started showing significant clinical results with re-pigmentation of affected area. Therefore, this case study proved successful use of Unani formulation in management of vitiligo.
Corpus-based Approaches for Sentiment Analysis: A Review
Authors: Umar Mahmood , Binji Hauwa Ibrahim , Balarabe Anas Tukur
Published: July 2024

The investigation studied the state of art on corpus-based approaches for sentiment analysis. Thus, detailing its methodologies, evaluation metrics, limitations, and future directions. The importance of sentiment analysis in fields such as marketing, customer feedback analysis, social media monitoring, financial analysis, and political science is emphasized. The methodology for corpus-based approaches in sentiment analysis includes the following key steps: data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, and sentiment classification. The lexicon-based approaches include the corpus-based or bag of words (BOW) and dictionary (also called opinion lexicon). Evaluation of the corpus-based sentiment analysis approach is addressed through performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and comparative analysis with other approaches including hybrid and rule-based systems. Limitations of corpus-based sentiment analysis, such as data sparsity and domain adaptation, are acknowledged, alongside potential enhancements and research directions including ensemble learning, deep learning architectures, and multimodal data integration. The conclusion emphasizes the versatility and scalability of corpus-based sentiment analysis, while ongoing research efforts aim to address its limitations and further enhance its applicability in diverse domains.
Effect of Biological Products on Yield, Production Economics and Soil Nutrient Status of Transplanted kharif Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Gangetic Alluvial Soil of West Bengal, India
Authors: Sana Megha , Jana Kalyan , Mondal Ramyajit , Mondal Krishnendu , Banerjee Subhajit , Banerjee Hirak
Published: July 2024

Field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2017 and 2018 at Instructional Farm under Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal in sandy loam soil to study the growth and yield of transplanted kharif rice variety Satabdi (cv. IET 4786) as influenced by biological products. The experiment was laid down in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven treatment combinations replicated thrice. Results revealed that RDF + soil applied Bolt GR @ 10 kg/ha produced higher growth attributes and yield of tested rice cultivar. The same treatment registered significantly higher total N and K uptake in tested cultivar; while the highest P uptake was recorded with RDF + Seed treatment with JumpStart2.0 @ 0.83 ml/kg seed. The treatment RDF + soil applied Azospirillum @ 2 kg/ha brought about significant positive changes of available N content in post-harvest soil over control situation (only RDF). However, significantly higher available P content was estimated in plots with RDF + soil applied PSB @ 2 kg/ha. Application of bio-products failed to exert any significant influence on residual soil K. The crop receiving RDF + soil applied Bolt GR @ 10 kg/ha gave highest gross return, net return and B:C ratio. Hence, application of RDF (60-30-30 kg N, P2O5 and K2O/ha) along with Bolt GR @ 10 kg/ha or Azospirillum @ 2 kg/ha may be recommended to achieve higher grain yield of tested cultivar Satabdi (cv. IET 4786).
The Role of Information Governance in Mitigating Financial Crime Risks in Stablecoin Transactions
Authors: Okunleye Olalekan Jamiu
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the role of information governance in mitigating financial crime risks in stablecoin transactions. Using a variety of analytical techniques, including simple linear regression, sentiment analysis with NLP tools, logistic regression, and machine learning models, the research evaluates the impact of information governance on innovation, user trust, financial crimes, and the effectiveness of combined compliance measures. The findings indicate that strict information governance regulations reduce innovation but enhance market stability and user trust. Robust governance correlates strongly with increased user adoption, while higher anonymity features in stablecoins are linked to a higher incidence of financial crimes. Integrating KYC/AML compliance with transaction monitoring significantly improves the detection and prevention of financial crimes compared to standalone approaches. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers, regulatory authorities, and financial institutions to develop strategies that balance innovation with enhanced security and compliance in the stablecoin market.
An Overview of Cryomilling within the Realm of Spices
Authors: N. R. Sardar , R. B. Modi , Manish Tiwari , J. P. Rathod , G. P. Tagalpallewar
Published: July 2024

Cryogenic milling, a method that utilizes extremely low temperatures to grind materials, shows great potential for the processing of spices within the food industry. This article offers an examination of cryogenic milling in the context of spice processing, emphasizing its possible advantages and obstacles. Through the preservation of the aroma and volatile compounds found in spices, cryogenic milling provides benefits such as improved retention of flavor, reduced particle size, and improved product quality. Nevertheless, it also has drawbacks such as high equipment costs, high energy consumption, safety issues, and difficulties related to moisture levels and particle size distribution. Despite these challenges, cryogenic milling holds promise for producing top-quality spices with enhanced flavor profiles. Future research and development should concentrate on refining cryogenic milling techniques, addressing safety and regulatory concerns, and exploring potential applications in emerging food products and markets. In general, cryogenic milling is a valuable technology for spice processing and has the capacity to contribute to the creation of innovative and high-quality food products.