PHYSICAL THERAPY OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PRIMARY MANIFESTATIONS OF VARICOSE DISEASE OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors: Tonkopei Yu.L. , Buhaienko T.V. , Bespalova O.O. , Maliarova Yu.M. , Prysiazhniuk O.A. 
Published: April 2023

As a result of the generalization of clinical experience, it has been proved that varicose disease of the lower extremities of pregnant women is defined as a polyetiological disease of the venous system.

The high pathological incidence of varicose veins among pregnant women is caused by a number of factors. The consequence of such changes may be stagnation in the venous bed of the lower extremities. Therefore, women who have a history of primary manifestations of varicose veins of the lower extremities often have got problems during pregnancy and the postpartum period in the form of complications of symptoms leading to thrombophlebitis (inflammation of superficial veins).

Timely started and implemented physical therapy allows relieving or completely eliminating the above symptoms of the disease of pregnant women, significantly improves the properties of blood circulation and the condition of the inner walls of vessels.

The aim of the study is to assess the functional state of the body of women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy with primary manifestations of varicose veins of the lower extremities and the effectiveness of the physical therapy program.

Methods and materials. 19 pregnant women with varicose veins, aged 22 to 29 years, from the second to third trimester of pregnancy participated in the study. Two groups were formed: the main number of 10 women (implemented measures of the developed physical therapy program, which included kinesiotherapy, therapeutic and electrophoresis) and a comparison group – 9 women (implemented standard physical therapy technique).

The following methods were used during the research: 1) anthropometric examination; 2) physiological monitoring of functional indicators of the state of the cardiovascular system of women (pulsometry and tonometry with systematic registration of the indicators of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate; 3) functional diagnostics (active orthostatic test, spirometry); 4) clinical somatoscopy with participation; 5) assessment of the quality of life.

Conclusions. In the process of different periods of pregnancy, the examined patients were diagnosed with primary varicose veins of the lower extremities. Pregnant women with varicose veins had an intensive increase of body weight in the last trimester of pregnancy.

The inconsistency of the actual blood pressure indicators towards hypertension compared to the physiological norms was revealed. After the implementation of the developed physical therapy program, the following dynamics of changes were exposed: the average value of systolic and diastolic pressure and heart rate indicators of the main group decreased in contrast to the comparison group (p>0.05). Among the women of the main group, the vital capacity of the lungs increased by 7.56%. The normalization of the regulation and type of reaction of the orthostatic test with a change of body position from horizontal to vertical was observed among pregnant women of the main group (-20.56%) in contrast to the examined comparison group (p>0.05).

The assessment based on the data of the CIVIQ questionnaire showed a probable improvement of all components of the quality of life of the respondents of the main group (indicator of the category of pain and complaints regarding the physical condition) of pregnant women. Thus, the obtained results make it possible to ascertain the effectiveness of the developed physical therapy program.