bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Involvement of TRK receptors in the nootropic effect of cycloprolylglycine
Authors: Vorontsova O. N. , Alyaeva A. G. , Koliasnikova K. N. , Povarnina P. Yu. , Gudasheva T. A. , Dorofeev V. L.
Published: January 2025

Background. The neuropeptide cycloprolylglycine (CPG) is an endogenous dipeptide analogue of the nootropic piracetam. It has been experimentally shown that CPG (designed and synthesized at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Research Center of Original and Promising Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies») has a spectrum of pharmacological effects characteristic of piracetam. In studies aimed at studying the mechanisms of action of CPG, it was found that glutamate AMPA receptors and neutrophin Trk receptors are involved in the anxiolytic, neuroprotective and antihypoxic effects of CPG. However, the mechanism of nootropic action of CPG has not been studied.

Objective. To test the hypothesis about the involvement of Trk receptors in the nootropic effect of CPG in a model of amnesia in mice induced by the administration of scopolamine.

Material and methods. The nootropic activity of CPG (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was studied in a model of amnesia in mice induced by scopolamine (0.75 mg/kg, subcutaneously). A pharmacological inhibitory assay was used with the Trk receptor blocker K252a (5 μg/kg, i.p.). The severity of amnesia was assessed using the Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test.

Results. Scopolamine was found to impair novel object recognition in mice in the NOR test. CPG prevents the development of amnesia induced by scopolamine, and Trk receptor blocker K252a blocks this effect.

Conclusion. Trk receptors are involved in the nootropic effect of the neuropeptide CPG.
Letter from the Editors
Authors: Isaac Chang  , Irene Hwang
Published: January 2025

No abstract available.
MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE INTESTINAL AUTOMICROFLORA OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIETARY SUPPLEMENT «FOOD COLLAGEN»
Authors: Толмачева Наталия Викентьевна , Маслова Жанна Валентиновна , Романова Любовь Петровна , Абузарова Диляра Рафаиловна , Хуснутдинова Алина Рустемовна , Краснова Ксения Александровна
Published: January 2025

В работе изложены результаты микробиологических исследований биоматериала экспериментальных групп животных. Полученные данные демонстрируют, что прием биологически активной добавки «Коллаген пищевой» в данной концентрации и экспозиции не способствует нарушению качественного и количественного состава микробиоты кишечника лабораторных животных.

The article presents the results of microbiological studies of the biomaterial of experimental groups of animals. The data obtained demonstrate that the intake of the biologically active supplement “Food Collagen” in the given concentration and exposure does not contribute to the disruption of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota of laboratory animals.
ВНУТРИГОДОВОЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ MO, MN, CU В ВОДЕ РЕК БАКСАН, МАЛКА, ТЕРЕК
Authors: Атабиева Фатимат Адраевна , Отарова Асият Салиховна
Published: January 2025

Исследованию уровня содержания металлов в поверхностных водах суши уделяется достаточное внимание. Однако внутригодовое распределение их в воде мало изучено. Поэтому основной целью работы является анализ внутригодового распределения соединений Mo, Mn и Cu в воде рек Терек, Баксан, Малка бассейна р. Терек. Результаты внутригодового распределения загрязняющих веществ можно использовать для повышения эффективности водоохранных мероприятий.
CHOREOGRAPHY AS A MEANS OF ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC EDUCATION OF YOUNGER ADOLESCENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF EXTRACURRICULAR EDUCATION
Authors: Гарипова Инга Олеговна
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрены теоретические аспекты художественно-эстетического воспитания младших подростков в условиях дополнительного образования посредством хореографии, определены условия формирования компонентов эстетической воспитанности в процессе хореографической подготовки.

The article examines the theoretical aspects of artistic and aesthetic education of younger adolescents in the context of extracurricular education through choreography, and identifies the conditions for the formation of components of aesthetic upbringing during choreographic training.
THE RUSSIAN MODEL OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: CONDITIONS OF FORMATION AND ADEQUACY TO MODERN BUSINESS CONDITIONS
Authors: Семенова Алла Анатольевна , Скачков Алексей Вячеславович
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрены условия становления российской модели корпоративного управления. Посредством группировки факторов формирования национальных моделей управления на статичные и подвижные. Указанная мобильность позволяет рассматривать национальные модели корпоративного управления как открытые системы, находящиеся в процессе непрерывного развития.

The article considers the conditions for the formation of the Russian model of corporate governance. By grouping the factors of formation of national management models into static and mobile ones. This mobility allows us to consider national corporate governance models as open systems in the process of continuous development.
CAPACITY BUILDING TO MANAGE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
Authors: Moisseev Iouri Mikhailovich
Published: January 2025

The development of urban agglomerations requires new forms of political cooperation. This should be recognized and assessed, considering the diversity of sectoral interests and the growing concerns of local and regional authorities. To ensure successful spatial development of agglomerations, it is necessary to intensify the capacity building to enhance development of urban planning capabilities.
EMPATHY AS ONE OF THE PROFESSIONAL QUALITIES OF A DOCTOR
Authors: Alyushina Alyona Anatolyevna , Rosumnaya Elena Vladimirovna
Published: January 2025

Empathy is one of the most important criteria in analyzing the competence of a doctor and medical professionals. In addition to purely professional knowledge and skills, a doctor must have knowledge, skills, and skills to work with people. In addition, if contact is not established, all the features and wishes of the patient are not taken into account, the person is not heard and understood, then the successful fulfillment of the professional duties of a medical worker will be impossible.
METHOD FOR NORMALIZING ADDICTIVE STATES USING ELECTRONIC SPORTS IN PHYGITAL FORMAT
Authors: Grinkevich Mark Yurievich , Kolesnikovich Viktor Pavlovich , Melnov Sergey Borisovich
Published: January 2025

The article presents an analysis of addictive states and their underlying mechanisms, along with a hypothesis on the possibility of their normalization through the use of electronic sports in phygital format. The study is based on existing data regarding the nature of addictions and behavioral characteristics. A new approach is proposed for using phygital format as a tool for the prevention and treatment of addictive states by redirecting dependencies towards sports activities.
EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY OF THE DOMESTIC DEVICE KERATOLINK FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BACTERIAL CORNEAL ULCERS
Authors: Seliverstova Ksenia , Yani Elena , Iomdina Elena
Published: January 2025

Ultraviolet cross-linking (UVCL) of corneal collagen is one of the promising methods for treating bacterial corneal ulcers. Purpose of the work: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of a new domestic device for corneal UVCL KERATOLINK in the treatment of patients with a bacterial corneal ulcer. Material and methods. Local UVCL was performed in 24 patients (24 eyes) aged from 18 to 74 years, who made up the main group. The comparison group included 10 patients of the same age group. To treat ulcerative lesions, drug therapy (antibacterial, corticosteroid, tear replacement and reparative) was used in both groups, but UVCL was also used in the main group. The UVCL procedure was performed for 5 minutes using the “accelerated cross-linking” program. Each patient underwent 3 procedures with an interval of 2 days. Ophthalmological examination in the main group before treatment, 3 days after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd procedures, as well as 1, 3, 6 months after completion of UVCL included visometry, tonometry, microbiological examination of discharge, determination of the size of the defect, optical coherence tomography of the anterior department of the eye (OCT-AS). The comparison group was examined at the same time using the same set of methods. Results. All UVCL procedures were completed without complications, no adverse events were identified, and in all cases the recovery period was uneventful. 6 months after UVCL, the average uncorrected visual acuity increased from 0.029±0.026 to 0.195±0.175. Already 3 days after the third UVCL procedure, there was an absence of microorganisms in the cultures, a significant decrease in the area and depth of the corneal defect (associated with its almost complete epithelization) and a decrease in inflammatory edema according to OCT-АS data. The average period of epithelization of the ulcerative defect was 12 days. Subsequently, stable healing was observed for 6 months, no relapses were detected. In the comparison group, on the 15th day of observation, complete epithelialization was achieved in only 40% of patients. Conclusion. UVCL using the KERATOLINK device is a technically simple, minimally invasive method for treating corneal ulcers. A significant reduction in epithelialization time and an increase in visual acuity indicate the effectiveness and safety of the accelerated UVCL procedure. The use of an accelerated local UVCL protocol with a significant reduction in exposure time helps to increase the comfort and tolerability of the procedure, as well as reduce the risk of complications.
NATIONAL MENTALITY OF LABOR COLLECTIVE PARTICIPANTS AS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGERIAL DECISIONS
Authors: Semenova Alla Anatolyevna , Skachkov Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: January 2025

National mentality is considered in the article as a factor of individual and collective behavior of the participants of labor relations conditioned by the cultural environment. The article demonstrates the relationship between mentality and culture (national and corporate) through the determinants that form them and assesses the vectors of influence of mentality on social interactions within labor collectives.
MARKETING TOOLS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES AS A FACTOR IN ENSURING THE QUALITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT FOR THE LIFE OF THE POPULATION
Authors: Antonov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: January 2025

The development of territories is recognized as a catalyst for economic growth, marketing of territories becomes a key element combining the identification of unique territorial features with innovative strategies aimed at strengthening local pride and global recognition. This approach not only emphasizes the identity of the Territories, but also engages its communities, using their ideas and experience to create authentic and compelling stories and events in the development of the Territories. Tools for the development of territory marketing are considered, with the help of which territories will be able to increase their attractiveness and contribute to sustainable development. Marketing tools for the development of territories, which act as a factor in ensuring the quality of the environment for the life of the population, are various tools and means of influencing target audiences aimed at creating competitive advantages and a positive image of the territory.
MONITORING OF THE TREATMENT OF HERPETIC KERATITIS WITH A NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Yani Elena Vladimirovna , Stupakova Maria Mikhailovna , Bragin Aleksey Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2025

Herpetic keratitis potentially leads to vision loss, is characterized by a recurrent course, is the leading cause of corneal blindness of infectious etiology. The service of corneal injury segmentation in cases of herpetic keratitis allows automate a diagnostics and evaluation of treatment of the disease.
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES USING INTEGRATED TRAINING
Authors: Guruleva Tatyana Georgievna , Skripnichenko Elena Valerievna
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the training of national team athletes at the NRU MGSU pays special attention. Integration of various aspects of training, both physical, technical, tactical, psychological, and theoretical - provides holistic development of the athlete, which is especially important at the stages of preparation for key starts.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYTOTHERAPY FOR SECONDARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY CONDITIONS
Authors: Shapovalova Irina Aleksandrovna , Yakimovich Svetlana Evgen'evna
Published: January 2025

Secondary immunodeficiency states are widespread in people living in environmentally unfavourable regions. Such patients are characterised by uniform changes in immunological parameters, which are imbalanced in the subpopulation of T-lymphocytes. The use of phytopreparations leads to normalisation of immunological indices and subsequent reduction in the frequency of recurrent acute respiratory viral infections.
RESULTS OF PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATORIC INTERVENTIONS IN COMBINED THERAPY OF HEPATOBILIARY TRACT TUMORS WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF OBSTRUCTIONAL JAUNDICE
Authors: Isametov Davran Rashitovich , Maulenov Zhaksylyk Orazbaevich , Ismailov Samat Tastemirovich , Zhaiyn Daniyar Mamadiyarovich , Abetaev Bakhtiyar Bekmakhanovich
Published: January 2025

Malignant neoplasms of the hepatobiliary anatomical zone occupy 6-7 places in the world in the structure of cancer incidence. In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the number of newly diagnosed patients throughout the world, also in the countries of Central Europe and Asia [1,2]. However, despite the rapid development and availability of high technologies, tumors of the hepatobiliary zone are in most cases detected at late, so-called advanced stages, when the tumor process is considered unresectable, and the development and progression of the main process and associated complications hinder existing methods of drug therapy [4,5]. In this regard, the question of the need for minimally invasive percutaneous, low-traumatic interventions that do not require significant preoperative preparation, aimed at normalizing the passage of bile anatomically and physiologically into the duodenum, or alternative external bile drainage, is acutely increasing.
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN MANAGING A PATIENT WITH WOLF-HIRSCHHORN SYNDROME
Authors: Fedorova Margarita Vyacheslavovna , Polikarpova Irina Ivanovna , Chelnokova Irina Mikhailovna
Published: January 2025

It is considered Wolf-Hirshhorn syndrome with a combination of certain developmental abnormalities of the patient. A review of the scientific literature is presented. A patient is presented as a clinical case: with a detailed typical clinical picture. The article reflects the experience of doctors in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
DIRECTIONS OF ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Жериков Глеб Евгеньевич , Шлыков Евгений Вячеславович , Кругляк Людмила Ивановна , Спиридонов Андрей Викторович
Published: January 2025

В деятельности коммерческих банков в рамках экосистемной модели развиваются цифровые технологии, формируются мультиканальные платформы с внедрением инновационных финансовых сервисов.

Digital technologies are developing in the activities of commercial banks within the framework of the ecosystem model, multichannel platforms are being formed with the introduction of innovative financial services.
DIGITAL IMMORTALITY AND THE MEANING OF HUMAN EXISTENCE: A PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Сметана Владимир Васильевич
Published: January 2025

Данная статья посвящена философскому анализу концепции цифрового бессмертия и его влияния на смысл человеческого существования. В работе рассматриваются традиционные философские подходы к проблеме смысла жизни в контексте конечности человеческого бытия, анализируется трансформация понятия «человек» в эпоху цифрового бессмертия и исследуются потенциальные источники смысла в условиях потенциально бесконечного существования. В статье представлен обзор классических философских концепций смысла жизни (экзистенциализм, абсурдизм, гедонизм, эвдемонизм, религиозные подходы), а также анализируются новые модели смыслополагания, актуальные в контексте цифрового бессмертия. Особое внимание уделяется проблемам мотивации, целеполагания, самореализации и духовного роста в условиях потенциально бесконечного существования. В заключение статьи рассматриваются перспективы развития человечества в эпоху цифрового бессмертия, а также подчеркивается необходимость разработки этических норм и законодательства, регулирующих развитие и применение этой технологии.

This article is devoted to the philosophical analysis of the concept of digital immortality and its impact on the meaning of human existence. The paper examines traditional philosophical approaches to the problem of the meaning of life in the context of the finiteness of human existence, analyzes the transformation of the concept of "man" in the era of digital immortality and explores potential sources of meaning in the context of potentially infinite existence. The article provides an overview of classical philosophical concepts of the meaning of life (existentialism, absurdism, hedonism, eudaemonism, religious approaches), and also analyzes new models of meaning-setting that are relevant in the context of digital immortality. Particular attention is paid to the problems of motivation, goal-setting, self-realization and spiritual growth in the context of potentially infinite existence. In conclusion, the article examines the prospects for the development of mankind in the era of digital immortality, and emphasizes the need to develop ethical standards and legislation regulating the development and application of this technology.
НЕИЗБЕЖНОСТЬ ПОВТОРЕНИЯ: КРИЗИСНЫЕ ЯВЛЕНИЯ НА РЫНКЕ ИПОТЕЧНОГО КРЕДИТОВАНИЯ В РОССИИ
Authors: Коношко Лариса Викторовна , Корченова Полина Михайловна
Published: January 2025

В данной статье исследуется влияние кризиса ипотечного кредитования России 2014 года на текущую экономическую ситуацию. Анализируются причины и последствия этого кризиса. Рассматриваются меры, принятые правительством, для стабилизации ситуации, и их эффективность. Выделены ключевые вызовы, риски и ожидания, связанные с наступившем кризисом, предлагаются рекомендации по предотвращению негативных последствий.
EMERGENCY LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY IN CHILDREN
Authors: Шамсиев Жамшид Азаматович , Махмудов Зафар Мамаджанович , Аббосов Хожимухаммад Хабибуллаевич
Published: January 2025

Проведен анализ лапароскопически прооперированых 88 пациентов (72 (81,8%) с предварительным диагнозом острый аппендицит, 15 (17,1%) острая спаечная кишечная непроходимость, 1 (1,1%) закрытая травма органов брюшной полости).

Currently, preference for surgical treatment in children is given to the laparoscopic method. An analysis was carried out of 88 laparoscopically operated patients (72 (81.8%) with a preliminary diagnosis of acute appendicitis, 15 (17.1%) acute adhesive intestinal obstruction, 1 (1.1%) closed injury of the abdominal organs).
BRANDS ROLE IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Енина Екатерина Сергеевна
Published: January 2025

В работе раскрывается роль брендов в современной российской экономике как передовой маркетинговой технологии, направленной на продвижение отечественной продукции и формирования позитивного отношения ко всему российскому. Роль брендов раскрывается в единстве двух подходов - функционального и символического.

The paper reveals the role of brands in the modern Russian economy as an advanced marketing technology aimed at promoting domestic products and forming a positive attitude towards everything Russian. The role of brands is revealed in the unity of two approaches - functional and symbolic.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МАРКЕТИНГОВЫХ КОММУНИКАЦИЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Файзханова Альфия Левовна , Хабибуллин Данил Ильдарович
Published: January 2025

В статье описаны результаты исследования маркетинговых коммуникаций организации, выявлены недостатки, разработаны рекомендации.
THE CRITERIA FOR THE FORMATION OF SPEECH CULTURE IN THE EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEK LINGUISTICS
Authors:   Senior teacher of the “Foreign Languages” department, University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Uzbekistan, Rozzokovich SATTAROV Khairullo , qizi MATCHANOVA Fazilat Shikhnazar ,   Lecturer of the “Foreign Languages” department, University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the criteria for the formation of speech culture in the evolutionary development of Uzbek linguistics, as well as the interrelated aspects between language and speech.
INTERPRETATION OF THE PRESSING PROBLEMS OF THE ERA IN THE POETRY OF MAQSUDA ERGASHEVA
Authors:   Professor of Fergana State University, doctor of philological sciences, Uzbekistan, Gafurovich Sabirdinov Akbar
Published: January 2025

This article covers the peculiarities of the poetry of the sensitive poet Maqsuda Ergasheva, a member of the Union of writers of Uzbekistan, and aspects specific to her artistic skills. Poetess's examples of creativity, which reflect the current themes of the era, are characterized by a smooth expression, attractive means of images, a way of folk expression. His poems, which demonstrate the rich possibilities of our language, are an invaluable property of Uzbek literature.
DIVERSE OUTCOMES OF TRANSLATIONS OF LITERARY WORKS BETWEEN LANGUAGES OF VARIOUS LANGUAGE FAMILIES
Authors:   English Language Teacher at the "Interfaculty Foreign Languages" Department at Non-Governmental Educational Institution (NGEI) "University of Economics and Pedagogy" (Karshi city), Uzbekistan, Oybek Sadinov
Published: January 2025

The translation of literary works between languages belonging to diverse language families, such as Indo-European, Uralic, and Afro-Asiatic, presents unique challenges and opportunities. This article explores the profound impact of linguistic and cultural differences on the outcomes of such translations, emphasizing the complex interplay between semantic equivalence, stylistic fidelity, and cultural adaptation. By examining specific case studies, including translations of poetry, novels, and plays, this study highlights the nuanced strategies employed by translators to bridge linguistic gaps and cultural disparities. Key methods include comparative analysis of syntax, semantics, and cultural references, as well as an evaluation of the creative liberties taken to preserve the literary essence of the source text. The analysis underscores the critical role of cultural context in shaping translation decisions, illustrating how translators navigate idiomatic expressions, metaphorical language, and culturally specific elements. These findings not only deepen our understanding of linguistic diversity but also reveal the transformative potential of literary translation as a means of fostering intercultural dialogue. The study concludes with reflections on the implications for translation theory and practice, advocating for a more holistic approach that considers both linguistic and cultural dimensions to achieve meaningful cross-cultural literary exchanges.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A PROPOSED STRATEGY BASED ON SYNTHETIC AWARENESS IN DEVELOPING READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS AMONG FOURTH-YEAR SCIENTIFIC STUDENTS
Authors:   Ministry of Education, General Directorate of Education of the Holy Karbala, Iraq, Al-Asadi Lect. Dr. Sajjad Rashid Rawe
Published: January 2025

The current research aims to identify (the effectiveness of a proposed strategy based on synthetic awareness in developing reading comprehension skills among fourth-grade scientific students). To achieve the two objectives of the research, the research followed the descriptive and experimental approaches to suit the conditions of the research and its objectives. The research community was appointed in the Education Directorate of the Holy Karbala Governorate, and was chosen. The researcher randomly sampled students from Al-Muwakha Preparatory School for Boys. It consisted of (66) students distributed among the two research groups. To determine the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, the researcher prepared a reading comprehension skills test that included (30) items from a multiple-choice test. After ensuring its validity and reliability, the test was applied to The research sample was pre- and post-test. After analyzing the results, the results showed that the students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group in the post-test of reading comprehension skills. In light of the results, the researcher concluded that there is a clear relationship between syntactic awareness and the development of reading comprehension skills. The researcher recommended adopting the proposed strategy in teaching reading in... The preparatory stage. The researcher also suggested testing the effectiveness of the strategy in other variables.
BUSINESS LAW AND INVESTMENTS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND UNIQUE ASPECTS IN UZBEK LEGISLATION
Authors:   Trainee-teacher at the department of Civil and Business law of Faculty of Law, Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan, Maxsetovich Djadigerov Timur
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the international practices and unique aspects of national legislation in the field of business law and investments. It discusses the specific features of legislation in the field of business law and international practices in the investment sector. The bases for encouraging investments and related legal frameworks in various countries' legislation are analyzed. Additionally, the development trends of the investment sector in Uzbekistan are examined. Effective methods for applying international experiences in entrepreneurship support through the development of investment policy to national legislation are proposed.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ON WOMEN'S RIGHTS PROTECTION AND GENDER EQUALITY AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE FOR UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Doctor of Law, Professor, Uzbekistan, Sharipkhanovna Umarkhanova Dildora
Published: January 2025

This article examines the international legal framework for protecting women's rights and ensuring gender equality, focusing on its implementation in Uzbekistan. It analyzes key international instruments including CEDAW, the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, the Convention on Political Rights of Women, and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The research explores how these international standards have influenced Uzbekistan's national legislation and policies on gender equality. Special attention is given to challenges in implementing these standards and potential solutions within the Uzbek context. The study reveals that while Uzbekistan has made significant progress in aligning its legislation with international standards, certain cultural and institutional barriers remain. The article concludes that effective implementation of international standards is crucial for strengthening women's rights and achieving gender equality in Uzbekistan.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION TRENDS OF FREELANCING ACTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY INDICATORS
Authors:   Senior Lecturer (PhD) of the Department of Green Economy and Sustainable Business, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Zakirdzhanovich Lutpidinov Shukhrat
Published: January 2025

If we pay attention to the history of the development of countries in the world economy, they have experienced several economic crises during their development. The economic crises of the 1930s, the financial and economic crisis that began in 2008, and the coronavirus pandemic that began in early 2020 required the reconstruction and modernization of the world economy. This, in turn, made all countries realize the need to digitize their economies, and in several countries the mechanisms of the digital economy began to be developed.
THE SYSTEM OF ORGANIZING SOFTWARE FOR TRAINING SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES ON PROFESSIONAL-CREATIVE COMPETENCIES
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Economics and Vocational Education at the Fergana branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Pedagogical Sciences, Uzbekistan, Oribjonovich Qodirov Xasanboy , qizi Turdaliyeva Nafosatxon Donyorjon ,   Student of group 660-24 in the field of Economics at the Fergana branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

This article addresses the issues of using software to develop professional-creative competencies in the process of training specialists in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT). This system is aimed at shaping the creative abilities of students in the field of ICT and integrating the theoretical knowledge acquired in the educational process with practical skills. The article discusses methods for creating software systems and their application in the educational process, as well as the possibilities of implementing innovative technologies to enhance the effectiveness of the process of developing professional-creative competencies. At the same time, the article concludes with the advantages of this system, its methods of application, and its significance in enhancing the professional training of specialists in the field of ICT.
Business management in agriculture
Authors:   Dosent., Tashkent State Agrarian University, TSAU, Uzbekistan, Abdullayevna Karieva Gulnora , o’g’li Normurodov Sarvar Norboy ,   Assistant., Independent researcher, Tashkent State Agrarian University, TSAU, Uzbekistan, zoda Zokhirov Akbar Zarif ,   Master's student, Tashkent State Agrarian University, TSAU, Uzbekistan, o’g’li Naimjonov Ilkhom Nozim ,   Master's student, Tashkent State Agrarian University, TSAU, Uzbekistan, qizi Orziqulova Mekhrinoz Shokhobidin ,   Master's student, Tashkent State Agrarian University, TSAU, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

Ensuring the sustainability of economic growth in the country is one of the main macroeconomic objectives for any national economy. Sustainable and inclusive economic growth can lead to the creation of appropriate jobs, development and ultimately improve the quality of life for all. Therefore, this article analyzes organizational and economic mechanisms to ensure sustainable economic growth. Foreign and domestic scientific literature was analyzed using empirical theoretical methods. Based on of the results obtained, the main indicators reflecting economic growth in agriculture were identified and systematized. Statistical indicators were analyzed by groups at macro-, meso- (individual industry) and micro- (enterprise) levels. As a result of assessing the level of sustainability of economic growth indicators on the basis of analysis of variance, a high level of instability in a number of indicators was determined. Also, the comparative analysis revealed similarities when comparing private indicators with international indicators. At the same time, by generalizing the results of scientific research, theoretical and practical proposals for improving the mechanisms of sustainable economic growth in agriculture were given.
Importance of photodynamic therapy in proliferative processes
Authors:   PhD, Senior lecturer, Department of Normal and Pathological, Physiology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Uzbekistan, Abdukhalikova Nigora F.
Published: January 2025

Currently, photodynamic therapy is being introduced into biological research and practical medicine in many countries worldwide. This technology holds great potential for preventive purposes. In our research, we utilized a water-soluble substance known as psoralen, which was isolated from the fig plant (Ficus caricae). This plant is prevalent in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Psoralen was selected as our photosensitizer of choice. To induce proliferative inflammation, we employed a "cotton plate" model. The evaluation of our findings involved analyzing the levels of TGF β1 in the blood and examining any alterations in the structure of mitochondrial membranes of hepatocytes.
EFFECTIVE WAYS TO USE COMMUNICATION TOOLS IN TEACHING ENGLISH TO PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Teacher at the "Language and Teaching Methodology" department at Angren University, Uzbekistan, Jurayevna Xakimova Xosiyat
Published: January 2025

This article explores the effective use of communication tools in teaching English to primary school students, emphasizing their role in enhancing student engagement, motivation, and language skill development. Communication tools, including visual aids, interactive activities, and digital platforms, offer diverse methods to create an engaging and immersive learning environment. The article discusses strategies for adapting these tools to the developmental needs of young learners, combining traditional and modern methods, and addressing challenges such as resource limitations and technical issues. Real-life examples demonstrate the positive impact of communication tools on student outcomes, highlighting their potential to make English language education more accessible and effective. The findings underline the importance of integrating communication tools into teaching practices to foster holistic language learning.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL-MOTAL QUALITIES IN FUTURE TEACHERS ON THE BASIS OF COMPETENCE
Authors:   Researcher-doctoral student of the Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Elmuratovich Sherzod Sultanov
Published: January 2025

This article is aimed at highlighting the content, components, factors and pedagogical conditions of the formation of the professional-moral culture of a future teacher. The structural structure of professional-pedagogical culture in future teachers, its principles of etiquette, normative rules in social activity, and the theoretical basis of moral education are analyzed.
IMPROVING THE TEACHING PROFESSION
Authors:   Senior Lecturer at the "General Psychology" Department of Nizami Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Toshmatov B.E , Abdumajidov Sh.F. ,   Student of Group 102 at Military Education Faculty at Nizami Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the process of improving the pedagogical profession. It highlights the importance of continuous professional development for educators and the need for updating knowledge. Furthermore, it provides recommendations on integrating modern teaching methods and technologies, as well as adapting to innovations in pedagogical practice to ensure effective teaching.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE FORMATION OF RESEARCH SKILLS IN STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Teacher of Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Abdullayeva N.
Published: January 2025

The current stage of development of higher education implies a qualitative change of approaches to the definition of its content, as well as the forms of teaching and learning and research activity of students. This is due to the formation of a new paradigm of higher education, which is based on the idea of the creative personality of the student. This article deals with the preparation for the research activity of the future teachers of vocational training in the education process.
PRIORITY AREAS FOR DEVELOPING FUTURE HISTORY TEACHERS' KNOWLEDGE OF THE LAWS OF THE HISTORICAL PROCESS BASED ON A HERMENEUTIC APPROACH
Authors:   Independent Researcher at Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Turdaliyevna Abdullajonova Nigoraxon
Published: January 2025

In this article, the effectiveness of future history teachers' knowledge development based on the hermeneutic-cognitive technology, hermeneutic-cognitive technology, and the hermeneutic approach is studied. Also, the hermeneutic approach and its importance in developing the knowledge of future history teachers about the laws of the historical process are analyzed.
THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH IN DEVELOPING VALIOLOGICAL CULTURE IN STUDENTS
Authors:   Director of vocational school No. 1 of Marhamat district, Andijan region, independent researcher of Ferghana State University, Uzbekistan, Karimovich Juraev Mahamadrasul
Published: January 2025

The development of valiological culture in students is a pivotal aspect of ensuring their physical and mental well-being, as well as fostering a healthier society. This article examines the role and significance of employing a comprehensive approach to cultivate valiological culture among students. By integrating pedagogical, social, and psychological strategies, this approach addresses the multifaceted challenges of promoting a healthy lifestyle. The findings highlight the effectiveness of systematic, interdisciplinary, and practical methods in enhancing students' knowledge, skills, and motivation for maintaining health.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEAKING COMPETENCIES OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors:   A doctoral student of the Department of Preschool Education of Karshi State University, Uzbekistan, kizi Kholmatova Fatima Bakhtiyor
Published: January 2025

This article describes psychological and pedagogical approaches, various methods and techniques for developing speech competencies in preschool children, as well as the importance of developing speech competencies in the younger generation. Also, in the world experience, psychological and pedagogical approaches to the development of speech competence of preschool children are analyzed. In addition, the article notes the positive effect of speech development in preschool children based on the artistic and pedagogical approach. In particular, the concepts of “Art pedagogy” and “Art therapy” are defined. The article talks about the importance of global changes and improvements in the preschool education system in the formation of preschoolers in adulthood. The article also talks about the psychology of preschool children and their age characteristics.
PROVING VARIOUS MATHEMATICAL INEQUALITIES FOR OLYMPIADS
Authors:   Jizzakh City School № 3, Senior Mathematics Teacher, Uzbekistan, Abduazimovich Tilagov Axmadqul , Saidqulovna Tilagova Buvgilos ,   Academic Lyceum under Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Senior Mathematics Teacher, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2025

Mathematical inequalities play a pivotal role in problem-solving within mathematical olympiads. This paper explores diverse techniques for proving inequalities, emphasizing their practical application in competitive settings. By presenting classical and advanced methods such as AM-GM, Cauchy-Schwarz, and Jensen's inequalities, the paper provides a comprehensive guide for students preparing for olympiads. A systematic approach to understanding and solving inequality problems is discussed, alongside illustrative examples.
Methods of promoting national musical culture in the process of higher education
Authors:   Teacher of the Department of Performing Arts and Culture, Faculty of Music Culture, Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami, Uzbekistan, Abdurakhmanovna Muratova Saodat
Published: January 2025

This article highlights the importance, goals and objectives of promoting national musical culture in the higher education system. Methods of aesthetic and cultural education of students by integrating national musical culture into the educational process are analyzed. Also, effective approaches to promoting national musical values using interactive and innovative pedagogical technologies are considered. Best practices and modern methods for developing national musical culture and instilling it in students' minds are presented on an analytical basis. The article contains proposals and recommendations aimed at strengthening national musical culture in the higher education system.
GROUNDS FOR EXEMPTION FROM LIABILITY OR PENALTY (PUNISHMENT) WITH THE APPLICATION OF COMPULSORY MEASURES
Authors:   Independent researcher at Karakalpak, State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan, Mnajatdinovna Ametova Aysulu
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the grounds for exemption from liability or penalty by applying compulsory measures for crimes committed by minors that are not of great social danger and less serious. Local and foreign scholars' opinions on compulsory measures applied to minors are analyzed. It is also shown that it is possible to educate minors through compulsory measures applied to them. Compulsory measures applied to minors, in turn, are described as measures of compulsory educational influence, an independent form of reaction of the state to the crimes of minors, which has a criminal-legal character.
Penerapan Model Cooperative Problem Solving untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Bernalar Kritis Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Fisika
Authors: Rohmani Ulis , Mulvia Rahmadhani , Muhajir Siti Nurdianti
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimental. Sasaran utamanya adalah mengevaluasi perbedaan dampak implementasi model Cooperative Learning (CL) dan model Cooperative Problem Solving (CPS) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan bernalar kritis peserta didik tingkat XI pada bahasan momentum dan impuls dalam pembelajaran fisika di tingkat SMA. Rancangan instrumen yang diimplementasikan menggunakan Pretest Posttest Control Group Design dengan perangkat pengukuran berupa butir soal pretest dan posttest yang sudah mendapat penilaian dari tim penilai ahli. Objek penelitian diambil dari sebuah Sekolah Menengah Atas pada periode pembelajaran 2024/2025. Total partisipan mencakup 68 peserta didik kelas XI, terbagi menjadi 33 peserta didik pada kelompok pembanding dan 35 peserta didik pada kelompok uji. Metode pengambilan data mencakup empat instrumen: lembar pengamatan pelaksanaan pembelajaran, lembar pengamatan perilaku, kuesioner tanggapan terhadap model pembelajaran, serta instrumen pretest dan posttest yang terdiri dari 9 butir soal uraian. Analisis data dilaksanakan melalui serangkaian pengujian, meliputi uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji Mann-Whitney untuk verifikasi hipotesis menggunakan aplikasi statistik SPSS versi 27. Hasil pengolahan data observasi memperlihatkan tingkat keberhasilan implementasi model CPS mencapai 100%. Sementara itu, umpan balik peserta didik terhadap penerapan model CPS mencapai 83,95%, yang mengindikasikan kategori sangat memuaskan. Analisis uji Mann-Whitney menghasilkan nilai signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05, yang mengakibatkan penolakan H0 dan penerimaan Ha. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi bahwa kedua model pembelajaran memberikan pengaruh terhadap keterampilan bernalar kritis peserta didik. Data deskriptif lebih lanjut memperlihatkan bahwa capaian rata-rata peserta didik berdasarkan parameter bernalar kritis pada kelompok uji (CPS) mengungguli kelompok pembanding (CL).
Kelayakan dan Karakteristik Media Pembelajaran IPA Berpendekatan Gamifikasi Berbasis Socio Scientific Issue pada Tema Pencemaran Lingkungan
Authors: Rais Amin  , Widyaswarani Elyvia , Jati Ibnu Mustopo , Latip Abdul , Pratomo Herdianto Wahyu , Prayoga Galih
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan dan karakteristik media pembelajaran IPA berpendekatan gamifikasi berbasis socio scientific issue (SSI) pada tema pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode reserach and develompment (R&D) dengan desain ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implementation, Evaluation). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi lembar judgment kelayakan dan karakteristik media pembelajaran IPA berpendekatan gamifikasi berbasis SSI dengan melibatkan lima orang ahli sebagai validator. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara statistik deskriptif yang menekankan pada pencarian rata-rata dan persentase dari setiap aspek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran IPA berpendekatan gamifikasi berbasis SSI memiliki kelayakan konten media dan desain media dengan kategori snagat layak. Lebih lanjut, media pembelajaran IPA berpendekatan gamifikasi berbasis SSI memiliki karakteristik gamifikasi dengan kategori sangat baik dan karakteristik scientific dengan kategori baik. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa media yang dikembangkan sudah layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas pada tema pencemaran.
Cause, Make, and Force as Graded Causatives
Authors: Cao Angela , White Aaron , Lassiter Daniel
Published: January 2025

We investigate the semantics of the causal verbs cause, make, and force as used in the construction X {caused/made/forced} Y (to) Z. The predominant approach to analyzing verbs of causing has been to argue that they convey some version of SUFFICIENCY, but it has also been suggested that INTENTION or possible ALTERNATIVES may also factor into the semantics of the verbs. Using sequences of tic-tac-toe states as experimental stimuli, we measure the three possible contributing factors in each stimuli and ask participants whether each verb is appropriate for describing the sequence. We find experimental support for a differentiating semantics of these verbs, in which no single predictor is the sole factor in when each verb is appropriate.
Mechanistic Support Language in Colombian Spanish-speakers
Authors: Barbosa Jennifer , Pinzón-Henao Paola , Pasquella Angelina , Muentener Paul , Lakusta Laura
Published: January 2025

Beyond basic spatial relations (e.g., teddy on table), we know little about how children learn to talk about Mechanical Support events (e.g., objects attached/hung from a surface via tape) and map them onto linguistic structures. Moreso, the majority of the research that has been done focuses on children learning English - a language that has several verbs that lexicalize support via a specific mechanism (Levin, 1993; e.g., glue, tape, clip, etc.). The current study seeks to deepen our understanding of spatial language acquisition by diversifying the populations that have been studied. Specifically, 4- to 6-year-old monolingual Spanish-speaking children and adults in Colombia viewed Mechanical Support events (e.g., girl puts paper on door via tape) and were then asked, ‘Can you tell me what my sister did with my toy?’. Both children and adults used Non-Mechanism (e.g., poner = ‘put’, colgar = 'hang') and Mechanism Verbs (e.g., pegar = 'stick'); the use of Mechanism Verbs increased from 4- to 6- years of age. In addition, whether the mechanism was visible in the event influenced how it was mapped to language; when the mechanism was visible (vs. when it was hidden), children and adults were more likely to encode the mechanism in a prepositional phrase (e.g., lo colgó con un gancho = ‘she hung it with a clip’). These findings shed light on the development of Mechanical Support language in Spanish- speaking children, the influence of context - specifically, visibility of mechanism - on language, as well as the lexicalization patterns for encoding physical support in Spanish more generally.
Using the lower bound set by the universal modal to investigate the status of partial objects and count nouns
Authors: Patel Premvanti , Syrett Kristen , Aravind Athulya
Published: January 2025

Prior research has demonstrated that when given objects (e.g., forks) broken into pieces, children deviate from adults by counting each discrete object-piece as on par with a whole. A recent proposal ties this behavior to the vagueness and context-sensitivity inherent to count noun semantics. The present study leverages the universal modal have to in order to investigate how a linguistic context, one which sets lower bounds on numerals in its scope, regulates nominal application. Our results show that for children, who prefer the ‘exact’ reading of  numerals, the partial object not only serves to meet the lower bound, but also exceeds a numerical upper bound. Adults, on the other hand, do not consider the partial object as meeting the lower bound induced by the modal. Because we cannot determine the explanation for this finding with our current design, we plan to adapt it to use the existential modal allowed to.