bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kualitas Bakteriologis Air Minum dan Tindakan Ibu dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita
Authors: Yuri Alifatu Rosyida , Azizah Aliefiyah Na’imatul , Prayogi Ahmad Rido’i Yuda , Adriyani Retno
Published: April 2022

Diarrhea in children under five is one of the health problems in Indonesia with 21 of outbreak with a total of 1,725 ​​cases and 34 deaths with a Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of 1.97%. Springs are one of the sources of drinking water that are widely used by the community with 1.8 billion people still using sources that are contaminated with faeces. Objective to analyze the bacteriological quality of drinking water sourced from springs and the actions of mothers with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Paspan Village, Glagah District, Banyuwangi. This type of research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were 47 housewives who had toddlers in Paspan Village. This study consisted of 3 samples, namely 1 sample of clean water managed by community, 28 samples of respondent's drinking water and housewives who have toddlers using simple random sampling method. The result of study showed that 75% of the bacteriological quality of drinking water had met the requirements and 53.6% of the mother's actions were in the bad category. A total of 7.1% of children under five in Paspan Village experienced diarrhea. Bacteriological quality of drinking water sourced from springs (p = 0.056) and maternal actions (p = 0.040). There is no relationship between bacteriological quality and the incidence of diarrhea in children under fiveHowever, there is a relationship between maternal actions and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Paspan Village, Glagah District, Banyuwangi.
Authors: Syahriani Melly Nirma , Mufdlilah Mufdlilah , Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih
Published: April 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan perubahan layananan antenatal care terpadu. Permasalahan yang ada dapat dilihat dari input meliputi sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana, sumber dana, kebijakan dan SOP. Proses dan output meliputi cakupan kunjungan ibu hamil, penanganan komplikasi dalam kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis secara mendalam pelaksanaan ANC terpadu dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Kalasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus holistik (holistic single-case study). Jumlah informan dalam penelitian 10 informan. Teknik pengambilan informan secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melihat SOP Pelaksanaan ANC Terpadu, Laporan kunjungan, indepth interview online. Instrument dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pedoman wawancara online semi terstukstur. Analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil analisis permasalahan pelaksanaan ANC terpadu pada masa pandemi Covid-19 didapatkan 3 tema yaitu permasalahan input, permasalahan proses, permasalahan output. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adanya keterbatasan sdm, sarana prasarana, sumber dana, perubahan kebijakan SOP, adanya ketakutan pasien untuk memeriksakan kehamilannya, pembatasan pasien dan waktu pelayanan, perubahan pelayanan, keterbatasan dalam penanganan komplikasi kehamilan, penurunan cakupan kunjungan ibu hamil
Analisis Kadar Pati Resisten, Total Serat dan Daya Terima Kabosol Tersubstitusi Tepung Pisang Kepok Termodifikasi
Authors: Syafii Firdaus , Yudianti Yudianti
Published: April 2022

Kepok banana flour is a processed food that has the potential to be used as a functional food. One of the efforts to improve the functional food of banana kepok flour is Modification. Modified kepok banana flour can increase the levels of resistant starch and total fiber. Modified kepok banana flour can be used in the manufacture of processed food typical of Mandar, namely kabosol. This study aims to determine the effect of adding modified kepok banana flour to kabosol on resistant starch content, fiber content and product acceptability.  This research is an experimental study with a post-test design.The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five factors. They were F0 (0%), F1 (25%), F2 (50%), F3 (75%), and F4 (100%). Parameters measured were resistant starch content, total fiber, and hedonic test (taste, aroma, color, and texture). The data was processed using the ANOVA test at a 5% confidence interval. Based on the results of the study, there was an effect of adding modified kepok banana flour to kabosol based on resistant starch content (p=0.0133), fiber content (p=0.0243), and organoleptic tests (color (p=0.0208), taste (p=0.0284), aroma (p=0.0432), and texture (p=0.0459)) at a 5% confidence interval. Treatment F4 (100%) showed the highest values ​​of resistant starch and total fiber, which were 25.02 % and 20.65%. In addition, the F4 treatment (100%) gave a good acceptance of color (4.9), taste (6.1), aroma (6.0), and texture (5.1 kabosol made with the addition of 100% modified banana flour gave a significant effect on the resistance starch content, total fiber and acceptability test. Kabosol with the best treatment can be used as a preferred functional food so that it can be consumed daily, especially for weight control and people with diabetes mellitus.
Umur Simpan Nugget Ikan Tuna Substitusi Daun Kelor dan Wortel dengan Metode Extended Storage Studies
Authors: Juhartini Juhartini , Nurbaya Nurbaya , Laidi Radawati
Published: April 2022

The nutritional status of under-five children in Indonesia remains low, including in North Maluku province. Based on the results of the 2021 SSGI, the prevalence of stunting among under-five children in this province is 27.5%. This figure is higher than the national prevalence of 24.4%. North Maluku has abundant potential for tuna fish that can be utilized in the development of local food that supports nutritional interventions for children. The recent  study reported that as many as 86.7% of children aged 12 – 24 months consumed processed foods like nuggets, sausages, and meatballs. Most consumers (98.67%) also showed a high interest in consuming nuggets that contain higher protein and mineral content. The addition of moringa leaf vegetables and carrots to nuggets will increase the nutritional content of nuggets which can increase nutritional intake for children. This study was an experimental study that aimed to determine the shelf life of tuna fish nuggets substituted with moringa leaves and carrots using the Extended Storage Studies (SES) method. SES method was used to determine the shelf life of tuna fish nuggets substituted with moringa leaves and carrots by looking at the organoleptic quality which includes aroma, color and texture. Observations were made in February-March 2021 for 60 days at the Laboratory of Food Science,  Poltekkes Ternate. Changes in quality began to occur on the 35th day of observation, namely the texture of the nuggets began to not be crunchy. While the observation of color and aroma did not change until the 60th day of observation. In conclusion, the shelf life of tuna fish nuggets substituted with Moringa leaves and carrots is up to 30 days.
Sekularisme, Epistemologi Reformed, dan Liturgi
Authors: Jonathan Samuel Vincenzo , Harsawibawa Albertus
Published: April 2022

Sekularisme adalah suatu kondisi zaman yang kita hidupi saat ini. Ia memberikan kesadaran kepada masyarakat global bahwa pada kenyataannya yang ada di dunia ini hanyalah yang imanen—tidak ada Tuhan dan semacamnya. Lantas, teisme dianggap hanyalah sebagai salah satu opsi yang ada dari berbagai opsi lainnya: ateisme bahkan menjadi lebih menarik untuk direngkuh. Umumnya, seorang teis akan merespons dengan menunjukkan kemasukakalan dari teisme melalui argumentasi positif bagi keberadaan Tuhan. Penulis menolaknya dan menawarkan pendekatan dari epistemologi Reformed bagi masalah tersebut. Epistemologi Reformed adalah satu tesis soal bagaimana seseorang mengetahui Tuhan dan melaluinya penulis memandang sekularisme merupa sebagai apa yang ia anggap sebagai lingkungan kognitif. Sebagai suatu lingkungan kognitif yang mencegah “subjek penahu” untuk mengetahui Tuhan, penulis menunjukkan bahwa respons yang tepat terhadap sekularisme adalah mengikutsertakan “subjek penahu” ke dalam liturgi. Dengan demikian, liturgi dapat dipahami juga sebagai suatu tindak yang memiliki dimensi epistemik yang memampukan seseorang untuk dapat mengetahui Tuhan.
YEŞİL HASTANELERİN GEREKLİLİĞİ ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: BÜYÜKTAŞ GAYIR Gülfer
Published: April 2022

Oldukça sınırlı olan doğal kaynakların aşırı derecede bilinçsizce kullanılması, atıkların uygun koşullarda imha edilmemesi, tüm canlı yaşamını tehdit edecek boyutlara ulaşan küresel ısınma gibi büyük sorunlar hem bugünü hem de gelecek nesilleri tehdit etmektedir. Bu bağlamda insan sağlığının korunmasında, geliştirilmesinde, hastalıkların teşhis ve tedavisinde büyük önemi olan hastanelerin de sağlığa ayrılan kıt kaynaklarla kaliteden ödün vermeden, sağlık hizmetlerinin verimliliğini arttıracak sürdürülebilir yeşil hastane uygulamalarıyla yeşil dünya içindeki yerini alması gerekmektedir. Hastaneler insan sağlığı açısından büyük öneme sahip olmakla birlikte enerjinin de yoğun olarak tüketildiği mekanlardır. Yeşil hastane uygulamalarının öneminden hareketle hazırlanan bu çalışmanın amacı; nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan ikincil veri analizi ile yerli ve yabancı literatür taramasıyla elde edilen bilgiler ışığında “Yeşil Hastaneler, Önemi ve Gerekliliği” konusunu irdelemektir. Araştırma sonucunda; Yeşil Hastane uygulamalarının unsurlarından çevreye daha az zararlı kimyasalların kullanılması, evsel ve tıbbi atık yönetiminin etkili olarak yapılması, geri dönüşümlü malazemelerininin tekrar kullanılarak ekonomiye kazandırılmasının sağlık çalışanlarınını moral motivasyonuna artmasına, hastaların iyileşme sürelerini kısaltarak sağlık hizmetleri sunumunun daha verimli olmasına katkıda bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
COVID-19 PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE ENDÜSTRİ 4.0 TEKNOLOJİLERİ VE UYGULAMALARI
Authors: SEÇMEN Serhat
Published: April 2022

Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinde yaşanan hızlı gelişme küreselleşmenin de etkisiyle birçok alanda oluşan sorunlara çözüm sunmaktadır. Özellikle Covid-19 salgını nedeniyle insanların maruz kaldığı kısıtlamalar, endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin kullanımı yaygınlaştırmış, neredeyse insan hayatının bir zorunluluğu haline gelmiştir. Sağlıktan eğitime, üretimden pazarlamaya birçok alanda kullanır olmuştur.Bu araştırmanın amacı pandemi sürecinde; sağlık, eğitim ve tedarik zincirinde ortaya çıkan zorlukların aşılmasını sağlamak maksadıyla uygulanan Endüstri 4.0 teknolojileri ve bu teknolojilerin doğurduğu uygulamaların kullanılmasını hedeflemektedir.Literatür taraması yöntemiyle toplanan veriler detaylı ve sistemli bir biçimde analiz edilip sonuca ulaşmıştır.Bu makale Covid 19 sürecinde, belirli alanlarda yaşanan problem sahalarını sistemli bir şekilde ortadan kaldırmak veya önlemek açısından önem teşkil etmektedir.Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda; sağlık, eğitim ve tedarik zincirinde kullanılabilecek yardımcı teknolojilerin sorunları nasıl çözdüğüne ilişkin fikir belirtmektedir.
SEÇİLİ ARAP ÜLKELERİNDE ALGILANAN YOLSUZLUK
Authors: ÇADIRCI Çiğdem
Published: April 2022

Yolsuzluk kavramı kamu gücünün vermiş olduğu iradenin farklı amaçlar doğrultusunda kötü bir şekilde kullanılması olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu kavram günümüz dünyasında hem gelişmekte olan hem de gelişmiş ülkelerde başta ekonomik olmak üzere sosyal ve politik alanlar üzerinde önemli sorunları beraberinde getirmesi nedeniyle hem küresel bir sorun hem de araştırılan bir konu olarak gündemini korumaktadır. Boyutlarının ölçülmesinde Uluslararası Şeffaflık Örgütü tarafından anketler yapılarak hazırlanan Yolsuzluk Algılama Endeksi en yaygın olarak kullanılan ölçüm yöntemi olarak kabul görmüştür. Çalışmada yolsuzluk kavramı, nedenleri ile meydana getirdiği sonuçları kavramsal açıdan ele alınarak, seçili Arap ülkelerinde (Suudi Arabistan, Katar, Fas, Irak, Mısır, Sudan, Libya, Lübnan) Yolsuzluk Algılama Endeksi’ne göre değişimin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda seçili Arap ülkelerinin makro ekonomik performansları ile yolsuzluk arasında bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Gonadal Maturity of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Naturally Inhabited in Balkhila Stream of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Vishal Datta , H.C.S. Bisht , N. N. Pandey , Bipin Vishvakarma
Published: April 2022

In this study an attempt has been made for evaluating the gonadal maturity in the natural stock of rainbow trout inhabited in Balkhila stream of Alakhnanda river at Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, India. In collected stock, about 80% specimen showed full gonadal maturity, which reflects the conducive conditions for the gonadal maturity. The Gonadosomatic index (GSI) values of female rainbow trout ranged from 0.42 to 22.84 with a peak in January and reached its lowest level in March. In case of males, observed minimum value of GSI was calculated as 0.27 during the month of May, whereas the maximum value was 3.44 in the month of December and persisted in month of January and February also with the almost similar values. GSI values reflected the maturity of females during the month of January and February, while males became mature one month advance and remained mature during the December to early March. Hence, non- synchronization situation was observed in the gonadal maturity of both the sexes, which adversely affected the duration of breeding season and is a subject to a further study. In this study, the ovarian and testicular development of rainbow trout showed distinct stages. The oogonia and spermatogonia pass through a number of maturation stages finally leading to the formation of ripe ova and sperms.
Prolonged Copulation in Dysdercus cingulatus (Red Cotton Stainer) as a Cause for Augmented Fecundity
Authors: Neeraja B.
Published: April 2022

Cotton stainer, Dysdercus cingulatus is the common pest of cotton crops. Both the adults and nymphs are known to feed upon the cotton pods. In recent times it’s pest status has extended to almost all the crops, which illustrates that these insects have increased in number and also have acclimatized to the ever changing environment. This is an Hemipteran insect and it is known that males and females are known to be involved in prolonged copulation. In the present study, it was observed that the male and female adults were in state of extended copulation both in the field and also in the laboratory. This study has shown that the male and the females remain in copulatory mode for 3 days. This may be attributed to a male strategy to limit the female from mating another male and also a mechanism to improve and augment proliferation, and hence this may be a contributing factor causing an upsurge in the population of these insects.
Current Practices of Management/Handling of E-waste : A Review
Authors: Leena N. Meshram , Mayur S. Naik , Prabhakar R. Pawar
Published: April 2022

Growth in the information technology and communication sectors, exponential use of the electronic equipment and faster up-gradation of electronic products have forced consumers to discard old electronic products as electronic waste (e-waste). Present review focuses on widely used methods for management/handling of e-waste with respect to disposal to landfill, incineration (pyrolysis), reuse/repair and recycling (dismantling, processing and end-processing) along with sustainable technologies used to reduce e-waste. It is recommended to integrate the informal sector with the formal sector in order to separately collect, effectively treat, dispose of e-waste along with divert it from conventional landfills and open burning. To reduce, reuse, refurbish, recovery and recycle are the current solution to minimize the e-waste.
A Study on Pesticides Consumption Patterns and Farmers Perception Towards Health Hazards in Bathinda (Punjab), India
Authors: Gurinder Kaur Walia , Dalveer Kaur
Published: April 2022

Agriculture is the most important sector of Indian economy which accounts for 18% of India's gross domestic product (GDP) and provides employment to 50% people. Various types of pesticides like insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, rodenticides, molluscicides, nematicides, plant growth regulators and others are used to increase the agriculture production. India is the largest producer of pesticides in Asia and ranks twelfth in the world for the use of pesticides, among these, 76% are used as insecticides which contribute 44% globally. Punjab is one of the most fertile regions which are ideal for growing wheat, rice, sugar cane, fruits and vegetables. Malwa region is the largest part of the three main divisions (the other two being Majha and Doaba) of Punjab which includes 11 districts: Fazilika, Bathinda, Mansa, Moga, Faridkot, Patiala, Sangrur, Barnala, Ferozepur. Muktsar and Ludhiana. Among these, Bathinda is predominately an agriculture oriented district and its soil varies from sandy to clay loam in texture which makes it suitable for cultivation of different types of food crops, pulses, oilseeds and horticultural crops. Cotton, Paddy and wheat are the major crops of the district. In this region, large scale use of pesticides caused many environmental problems like pesticides poisoning, insecticide resistance, resurgence of pests and effects on non-target organisms, besides accidents involving human deaths and injury. Moreover, some farmers reuse of empty pesticides containers for food and water and they have poor knowledge of personal protection equipment and other safety measures which also cause health hazard. Presently, pattern of pesticide usage and awareness among farmers about health hazards in the 5 villages (Bandi, Pathrala, Ghudda, Faridkot kotli, Doomwali) of Bathinda district (Punjab) have been done.
Length-Weight Relationship and Well Being of the Natural Stock of Rainbow Trout Inhabited in Balkhila Stream in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Vishal Datta , H.C.S. Bisht , N.N. Pandey , Mamta Joshi
Published: April 2022

In this study an attempt has been made for evaluating the length weight relationship and well being of the natural stock of rainbow trout inhabited in Balkhila stream of Alakhnanda river at Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, India. In collected stock, about 80% specimen showed full gonadal maturity, which reflects the conducive conditions for the gonadal maturity. In present study coefficient correlation (r) for male was found to be 0.84257 which is positively significant (P
Arthropod Assemblage Associated with Clerodendrum infortunatum L. (Family: Lamiaceae)
Authors: Nivedita Samuel Raina , Nivedita Samuel Joy
Published: April 2022

Clerodendrum infortunatum L. (Family: Lamiaceae) is a naturally growing shrub of medicinal value. The plant has woody stem, elliptical leaves and sweet-smelling flowers borne on pyramid-shaped peduncle panicle. The leaves and calyces are provided with EFNs which produce extra floral nectar while floral nectaries produce nectar rich in sucrose and amino acids. These food resources attract several floral and extra floral arthropod visitors like butterflies, bees, ants, bugs, grasshoppers, spiders etc. which can be grouped as EFN visitors, potential pollinators, herbivores and predators. The arthropod assemblage, recorded during the period of study, consisted of 22 species belonging to five orders (Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Orthoptera and Coleoptera) and 10 families (Apidae, Aphididae, Formicidae, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Pyrgomorphidae, Pyrrochoridae, Pentatomidae, Coccinellidae and Papilionidae) of class Insecta and two arachnid families, Salticidae and Oxyopidae. The species of these groups may affect the distribution and resource exploitation ability of each other which would in turn affect the plant fitness.
Study on Status of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Lotic Water Body, Shipra in the Mountainous Region of Kumaun Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Geetika Arya , H.C.S. Bisht , Hemlata  , Sandeep Dutt Mandoli , Uzma Siddiqui
Published: April 2022

The present paper investigated the Physico-chemical parameters of the lotic water body Shipra, including its two sites (Site 1- Kainchi, Site 2- Garampani) for six months (October 2020-March 2021) of Nainital District in Uttarakhand. Monthly variations in the physical and chemical parameters at site-1 such as-- Atmospheric Temperature 14.1-26 C, Water Temperature 11-15 C, pH 7-8.3, Total Dissolved Solids 76-92 ppm, Transparency 36- 78 cm, Dissolved oxygen 6.04-9.26 mg/l, Phosphate 0.25-0.43 mg/l and Nitrate 0.34-1.63 mg/l and similarly for site-2 Atmospheric Temperature 9-24 C, Water Temperature 10-18 C, pH 8.2-8.7, Total Dissolved Solids 111-132 ppm, Transparency 31-58 cm, Dissolved oxygen 8.05-9.26 mg/l, Phosphate 0.11-0.32 mg/l and Nitrate 0.32-0.55 mg/l were observed. All the parameters of site-1 and site-2 were within the acceptable limit except for the pH value at site-2.
Diversity of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) at St. Xavier’s College Campus, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: M. Karthick , B. Samuel , Nanthini Devi M. , R Anitha , P. Naga Rani , Kumar R Ram , Raj R. Azhagu
Published: April 2022

Ant species are ecologically dominant in most terrestrial ecosystems. The present study deals with the diversity of ants at St. Xavier’s College Campus, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, India. Ants were sampled in four different locations from November, 2019 to February, 2020 with the help of different collection methods such as All-out Search Method (AOSM), baits trap (BT), Hand Collection Method (HCM), and Pitfall trap (PT). A total of eight species of ants belonging to three subfamilies-- Pseudomyrmicinae, Myrmicinae and Formicinae were recorded in the study area. Indices of relative abundance and density are commonly used to assess the status of species. The relative abundance of ant species was calculated. The most dominant subfamily was Myrmicinae (4 genera with 4 species), which is followed by Formicinae (2 genera with 3 species). Pseudomyrmicinae was found in small number (one genus with only one species). The relative abundances of subfamilies Oecophylla smaragdina, Tertaponera rufonigra and Solenopsis geminata were 22.7%, 15.95%, 15.6%, respectively. Keywords: Ants survey, Diversity, Distribution, Species abundance, Formicidae, Species diversity
Molluscan Shell Diversity of Ennore Creek, Chennai, India
Authors: B. Neeraja
Published: April 2022

Molluscs are the soft bodied invertebrates, which are protected by calcium carbonate shells. The shells are coated mostly with calcium carbonate and protein matrix in a process called bio-mineralization. Apart from playing a major role in the aquatic ecosystem, they are considered to be best bio-indicators of environmental pollution, as their soft tissues, and their shells are known to accumulate the pollutants. The divers patterns and different shell morphologies of the clams, snails and oysters, seem to be influenced by the solar radiation, predator stress and various environmental factors, which seem to regulate the gene expression patterns of the shell formation. In the present study, different molluscan shells were collected and studied for their diverse patterns. They were collected from Ennore, creek of Tamil Nadu, India as it is known to be a lagoon type of ecosystem and plays an important role in maintenance of the aquatic ecosystem surrounding it. The present study showed a diverse shell patterns mostly with reference to clam shells. A few, oyster shells, cerithiid shells and potaminind shells were also observed. A detailed analysis of the shell patterns under the influence of various external environmental cues may be investigated in future.
Acute Toxicity of Stevia rebaudiana in Embryo of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Banu A. Afrose , V. Anuradha , Aneesh Nair , Florida Tilton
Published: April 2022

Medicinal plants are found across different corners of the world and have been a boon to mankind. Many people have derived numerous benefits from different medicinal plants for centuries. All plants are not safe there are chances that might cause toxicity and other complications. Therefore, toxicity studies on medicinal plants are to be essential before being used by humans. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of ethanolic extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves in embryo of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The acute toxicity was conducted as per the OECD guidelines 236 July 16. The result provided the evidence that the maximum mortality of 75% was observed after exposure at the higher concentration of 100 µg/ml ethanolic extract of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves 96 hour post fertlization and no mortality was found in negative control group embryo.
Avifaunal Diversity of Swamythoopu Salt Pan, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: D. Jude , M. Karthick , Kumar R. Ram , M. Sathyananth , D. Stephenraj , Raj R Azhagu
Published: April 2022

: In the present study, an attempt was made to find out the Avifaunal diversity in Swamythoopu salt pan, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India. The study was carried out using point count methods with 14 points during the study period from Jan 2021 to March 2021. 3158 birds belongs to 39 families of 15 avian orders were observed from the study area. Passeriformes alone accounted for 25 species of birds observed during the study period. The migratory status of the birds in Swamythoopu salt pan revealed that most of the birds were resident (67) and the winter migrants were around 20 species. The greater number of individuals was observed at the S5 site with 411 individuals and the lowest was 117 individuals. Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensisa “Globally threatened” species were recorded in the study area were considered as “Near threatened” species. Anhinga rufa, Threskiornis melanocephalus Mycteria leucocephala, Plegadis falcinellus, Platalea leucorodia were also documented in the study area.
Impact of Durga Idol Immersion on Water Bodies with Early and Late Removal of Idols in Asansol, West Bengal, India
Authors: Sagarika Mukherjee , Manas Paramanik
Published: April 2022

Indians celebrate a large number of cultural and religious festivals throughout the year. Idols represents the deity, which is worshiped. At the end the idols are mostly immersed in water bodies. Ancillary like flowers, papers, ashes are also disposed in the water. These activities are often ignored as the source of water pollution, as these activities have aesthetic and cultural value. In this study, impact of Durga idol immersion on the physicochemical properties of the water of two ponds in Asansol (West Bengal, India) was assessed. One of the two pond is well managed, where the local authorities remove the idols and other puja associated materials very promptly, whereas in the other pond, these materials remain there for days. Water was collected from these ponds before and after the idol immersion and parameters like, pH, TDS, BOD, COD, heavy metal etc. were estimated. A significant deterioration of most of the water quality parameters in both the ponds was explored but condition is little better in the pond where early removal of immerged materials is practiced. These outcome helps to conclude that the idol immersion activities have negative impact on the water quality, but early removal of debris can lead to lesser pollution. Strict follow of ‘Pollution Control Board’ protocols regarding idol immersion may impose less impact on the water bodies. Apart from this, awareness for using eco-friendly objects for coloring idols, lesser use of nonbiodegradable objects during idol making etc. might improve the situation of the local water bodies.
Survey of Avifauna of Bahula Dam and its Nearby Areas of Pachora, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India
Authors: A.D. Shelke
Published: April 2022

Birds play a significant role in many ecosystems by providing a variety of ecological services. Birds eat pests, pollinate flowers, disperse seeds, scavenge carrion, cycle nutrients, and change the environment for the benefit of other species. In this study attempt has been made to record bird diversity at Bahula Dam and its nearby area during January 2020 to June 2021. This is the first avifauna report of Bahula dam and its nearby area. In the survey study total 108 species including water and the land birds were recorded belonging to 16 avifaunal orders and 46 families. Order Passeriformes is dominant in the study area, including 23 families and 44 species (40%), followed by Ciconiformes with 3 families and 11 species (10%), Ansariformes with 1 family and 9 species (8%), Coraciiformes with 4 families and 7 species (6%), Charadriformes with 4 families and 6 species (5%), This survey study represents that species diversity is abundant in spite of many anthropogenic activities. More studies are required to make a complete list of available bird species of this area.
Phytochemical Profiling and Anticancer Activity of Seaweed Enteromorpha intestinalis Extracts Against A375 Cell Line
Authors: Surendhar S. Prasath Alias , S. Aanandh
Published: April 2022

Nowadays several marine sources like seaweeds are used for anticancer activity against certain types of cancers. Brown algae – Fucus spp. and Red algae – Laminaria sp. are used to treat breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Green algae- Ulva fasciata and Brown algae- Undaria pinnatifida are used in treating other cancers. It has been known that consumption of various types of seaweed is responsible for the low incidence of cancer in Asian countries whose inhibitants traditionally consume a high level of seaweeds. Seaweed chemical profiles have demonstrated that they are rich in terpenoids, alkanoids, polyphenols, steroids, pigments and polysaccharides. These metabolites have pharmacological activities including cancer therapy. In this study, the GutweedEnteromorpha intestinalis was used against A375 cell lines (Skin cancer). The qualitative analysis showed the presence of anticancer properties in this seaweed. GCMS analysis were done for the compound analysis of the seaweed and the highest compound showed the anticancer activity. MTT Assay showed some good control over the skin cancer cells which can be used in future.
Development of community empowerment based on zonation in the Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Panderi Pitra , Priatna Dolly , Rahayu Sata Yoshida Srie
Published: April 2022

Local communities surrounding Gunung Halimun Salak National Park are highly dependent on the national park area. Economic development is crucial to improving the livelihood of the local communities around the park area. Additionally, to ensure that the preservation of the national park will be supported by the surrounding communities, activities within the local communities can also align with the management of the national park. In Indonesia, national parks are managed through a zonation system, in which potential areas that satisfy the biophysical conditions will be considered for development activities that support the local communities. We analyze the biophysical condition of the area, zonation of area, and socio-economic conditions of communities to identify the types of potential community development activities. We conducted a survey of biophysical conditions, as well as interviews and focus group discussions with relevant stakeholders. The results of the study reveal five types of community development activities with the most potential, namely 1) development of tourism; 2) conservation partnership schemes; 3) cooperation on ecosystem restoration; 4) development of forest plant cultivation to provide seeds for economic benefits; 5) utilization of ecosystem services, such as water and hydroelectric power plants.
Ecological carrying capacity of Cidahu Nature Tourism Object, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park
Authors: Komarudin Koko , Rosadi Rosadi , Rahayu Sata Yoshida Srie
Published: April 2022

The nature tourism sector plays an important role in national economic growth. Cidahu Nature Tourism Object, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP) is one of the natural attractions that has provided many benefits for the government, especially in supporting local community's economy. Natural tourism activities in Cidahu, which have been tended for mass tourism, can both benefit the economy and have a negative impact on conservation areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the tourism carrying capacity in Cidahu Nature Tourism Object by examining the maximum number of tourists that can be accommodated so that the physical, environmental and management aspects are not damaged ecologically and tourism actors may still receive satisfaction from the activities. Through a descriptive research method, data processing techniques using the Cifuentes method was used to calculate the physical carrying capacity (PCC), real carrying capacity (RCC) and effective carrying capacity (ECC). Based on the results of the study, the physical carrying capacity value was 10,593, the real carrying capacity was 148 and the effective carrying capacity was 133. With the PCC value RCC ECC, the tourism carrying capacity in Cidahu Natural Tourism Object is still in good condition.
Balancing infrastructure, ecosystem conservation, and community approaches on integrated development planning of Citarum Watershed
Authors: Pambudi Andi Setyo
Published: April 2022

The condition of several watersheds in Indonesia at this time has experienced a lot of decline in functions in maintaining water availability and environmental health. The number of critical watersheds in Indonesia continues to grow and is getting worse even though there have been many rehabilitation programmes for several watersheds in Indonesia, including the Citarum Watershed in West Java. Changes in the characteristics of the Citarum Watershed that can be seen include an increase in the overflow point of flood inundation, erosion of agricultural land, and sedimentation in rivers. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach through analysis based on a literature review of planning documents, regulations, books, journals, and expert judgment analysis. This study aims to assess the extent to which cross-sectoral, cross-regional and inter-disciplinary problems affect regional development and analyze problems that occur at the watershed scale. The Citarum Watershed Strategic Plan is a set of activities with steps to implement the planned strategies. The Strategic Plan reveals some activities, involvement of stakeholders, and also goals for the future which are to be achieved through the identified implementation steps. All of the activities have a main vision: "All stakeholders working together to enhance the quality of watershed carrying capacity by balancing infrastructure, ecosystem conservation, and community approaches".
Range extension of the endemic Sumatran admiral Vanessa samani (Hagen, 1895) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Kirillov Pavel , Pormansyah Pormansyah , Setiawan Doni , Pragustiandi Guntur , Setiawan Arum , Yustian Indra
Published: April 2022

Sumatran Admiral Vanessa samani (Hagen, 1895) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) is a butterfly endemic to Sumatra, and can only be found in the Karo Highlands (North Sumatra) and Kerinci Mountain (southwestern Sumatra). In this paper, we report two additional records of V. samani from the Aceh Province in northern Sumatra, and the Jambul Highlands of South Sumatra. These records significantly extend the range of distribution of this rare Sumatran highland species. We also report three plants presumed to be the host plants of V. samani in Sumatra: Boehmeria sp., Smilax sp. (Smilax leucophylla) and Anaphalis sp. (Anaphalis longifolia).
Market surveys in Mataram, Lombok, illustrate the expanse of legal and illegal Indonesian bird trade networks
Authors: Leupen Boyd T. C. , Shepherd Loretta , Shepherd Chris R , Damianou Evros , Nijman Vincent
Published: April 2022

Bird keeping is deeply rooted in Indonesian culture and markets selling large numbers of birds are found across the country. We examined bird markets in Mataram on the island of Lombok. Across five market visits, 10,326 birds of 108 species were observed, with 18 of these species being nationally protected and 10 having been assessed as globally threatened by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Observed protected species, as well as non-protected species with no or exceeded harvest quotas accounted for a total of 8,586 (83.1%) illegally traded birds. In terms of trade volume, 83% (n=8,347) of the recorded Indonesian birds were native to Lombok, suggesting that many of the birds for sale were sourced locally. However, 63% (n=65) of the encountered Indonesian species were not native to Lombok, confirming previously described intra-national bird trade flows between the Indonesian islands. We found a strong positive relation between a species’ body size and its asking price. Current legislation in Indonesia is sufficient to eradicate the open trade in illegally sourced and/or protected species. Improved enforcement of these laws, in combination with strategic demand reduction efforts, is needed to curb illegal and unsustainable bird trade in the country.
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Published: April 2022

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Pengaruh Jumlah Filler Kalsium Silikat dalam Pembuatan Biodegradable Plastic dari Biji Nangka
Authors: Udjiana Silvester Sigit , Hadiantoro Sigit , Noor Isnaini Azkiya
Published: April 2022

Biodegradable plastic adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan karena mampu terurai oleh mikroorganisme yang ada pada tanah. Pati berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan biodegadable plastic karena dapat mudah terdegradasi dan menghasilkan senyawa yang ramah lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini sumber pati didapat dari biji nangka dengan kandungan pati sebesar 29,73%. Penambahan kalsium silikat sebagai filler bertujuan untuk memperbaiki sifat mekanik biodegadable plastic. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh filler kalsium silikat terhadap kuat tarik, presentase biodegradasi (%) dan persentase serapan air (%) dari biodegadable plastic yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat maka biodegadable plastic memiliki kuat tarik yang semakin tinggi. Sedangkan kemampuan absorpsi biodegadable plastic terhadap air menurun seiring dengan semakin banyaknya jumlah kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan. Kemampuan biodegradasi plastik juga menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah filler kalsium. Biodegadable plastic dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat 6% memiliki kuat tarik antara 7,85 MPa persentase serapan air sekitar 5% dan persentase biodegradasi sekitar 7%.

 

Biodegradable plastic is a plastic that has environmentally friendly properties because it is able to decompose by microorganisms in the soil. Starch has the potential to be used as a basic material for making biodegradable plastics because it can be easily degraded and produces environmentally friendly compounds. In this study, the source of starch was obtained from jackfruit seeds with a starch content of 29.73%. The addition of calcium silicate as a filler aims to improve the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic. This study aims to determine the effect of calcium silicate filler on tensile strength, % biodegradation and % water absorption of the resulting biodegradable plastic. Based on the results obtained, the more calcium silicate filler the biodegradable plastic has a higher tensile strength. Meanwhile, the absorption ability of biodegradable plastic to water decreases with the increasing amount of calcium silicate added. The biodegradability of plastics also decreases with the increase in the amount of calcium filler. Biodegradable plastic with the addition of 6% calcium silicate has tensile strength between 7,85 Mpa, percent water absorption between 5% and percent biodegradation between 7%.
Optimization of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Utilization for Concrete Bricks Production Using Plackett-Burman and Central Composite Design
Authors: Muharja Maktum , Darmayanti Rizki Fitria , Widjaja Arief , Manurung Yakub Hendrikson , Alamsah Ilham , Fadilah Siska Nuri
Published: April 2022

PT. Industri Gula Glenmore (PT. IGG) setiap tahunnya memproduksi 14.300 ton abu ampas tebu (AAT) sebagai hasil samping pembakaran boiler yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Menariknya, AAT memiliki kandungan silika tinggi yaitu 68,5% yang dapat ditingkatkan nilainya sebagai substitusi parsial semen dalam pembuatan bata beton. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini komposisi dan ukuran partikel AAT dioptimalkan dalam pembuatan bata beton. Optimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) untuk memahami perilaku faktor-faktor signifikan yang mempengaruhi kuat tekan bata beton. RSM ditentukan dengan menggunakan software Design-Expert V11. Bata beton dibuat dengan perbandingan semen dan pasir menggunakan perbandingan 1:6 dengan variasi AAT 5% sampai 25% dari berat normal semen. Hasil pengujian di Workshop menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Fly Ash dan kapur sebagai bahan pengikat untuk menggantikan sebagian semen dengan variasi 23, 26, 28, 30, dan 33% menghasilkan kuat tekan berturut-turut sebesar 56, 52, 49, 40, dan 34 kg/cm2. Dengan demikian, bata beton pada penelitian ini termasuk dalam mutu tingkat 3 berdasarkan SNI 03-0349-1989. Inovasi ini merupakan solusi untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah AAT dan menjadi peluang bisnis baru bagi PT. IGG di masa depan

PT. The Glenmore Sugar Industry (PT. IGG) annually produces 14,300 tons of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) as a by-product of boiler combustion that has not been fully utilized. Interestingly, SCBA has a high silica content of 68.5%, which can be valorized as a partial substitution of cement in the manufacture of concrete bricks. Therefore, in this study the composition and particle size of SCBA were optimized in the manufacture of concrete bricks. Optimization was carried out by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to understand the behavior of significant factors affecting the compressive strength of concrete bricks. RSM was determined using the Design-Expert V11 software. Concrete bricks were made with a ratio of cement and sand using a ratio of 1:6 with a variation of bagasse ash 5% to 25% of the normal weight of the cement. The test results showed that the use of fly ash and lime as a binder to replace some cement with variations of 23%, 26%, 28%, 30%, and 33% resulted in a compressive strength of 56 kg/cm2, 52 kg/cm2, 49 kg/cm2, 40 kg/cm2, and 34 kg/cm2, respectively. Thus the concrete brick in this study was included in the quality level 3 based on SNI 03-0349-1989. This innovation is a solution to increase SCBA's added value and a new business opportunity for PT. IGG in the future.
Reparameterization of Binary Interaction Parameters for The Gamma-Valerolactone Purification Process
Authors: Wibowo Agung Ari , Mufid Mufid , Mustain Asalil , Ginting Rizqy Romadhona , Hartanto Dhoni
Published: April 2022

Selain produksi biodiesel, bioetanol, biometana dan biohidrogen dari sumber terbarukan, gamma-valerolactone (GVL) muncul sebagai bahan bakar terbarukan potensial lainnya yang dapat diproduksi dari biomassa. GVL menunjukkan karakteristik yang sesuai sebagai sumber energi cair berkelanjutan yang menjanjikan. Dlaam kegiatan produksi GVL murni jumlah besar pastinya melibatkan proses pemisahan/ pemurnian, salah satunya adalah distilasi. Dalam perancangan proses distilasi diperlukan data kesetimbangan Uap – Cair (VLE), dan untuk akurasi perancangan biasanya digunakakan software simulasi proses seperti ChemCAD. Dalam penelitian ini, data VLE yang tersedia akan direparamterisasi sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai parameter model thermodinamika di Software ChemCAD. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan reparemeterisasi parameter interaksi biner (BIP) model NRTL untuk data VLE komponen yang terlibat dalam produksi GVL dari literature yang tersedia. Kemudian BIP hasil reparemterisasi digunakan untuk analisis sensitivitas pada shortcut kolom distilasi. Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukan bahwa perubahan suhu umpan berpengaruh terhadap konvigurasi kolom, tetapi tidak pada kualitas GVL yang dihasilkan

In addition to producing biodiesel, bioethanol, biomethane, and biohydrogen from renewable sources, gamma- valerolactone (GVL) is emerging as a potential renewable fuel from biomass. As a promising long-term liquid energy source, GVL possesses the necessary characteristics. The production of pure GVL in large quantities involves a separation/purification process, one of which is distillation. In designing the distillation process, Vapor- Liquid equilibrium(VLE) data is needed, and process simulation software such as ChemCAD is usually used for design accuracy. In this study, the available VLE data will be reparameterized to be used as a thermodynamic model parameter in ChemCAD Software. The binary interaction parameter (BIP) NRTL model reparameterization for the VLE data of the components involved in the creation of GVL was carried out in this work using data from the literature. The reparameterized BIP was then applied to the distillation column shortcut for sensitivity analysis. The findings of the sensitivity study reveal that changing the feed temperature changes the column arrangement but not the quality of the GVL produced
Effect of Catalysts H2SO4 8% and Baggase Ratio on Yield of Furfural with Hydrolysis Method Using Microwaves
Authors: Adhiksana Arief , Fitri Ayu Chandra Kartika , Siniwi Vini Kumara Lalita , Fitri Medya Ayunda
Published: April 2022

Ampas tebu mengandung pentosan sebesar 12,7%. Kandungan pentosan yang cukup tinggi dalam ampas tebu dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan furfural melalui proses hidrolisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh rasio ampas tebu dan katalis H2SO4 terhadap yield furfural yang didapat dari proses hidrolisis menggunakan microwave. Ampas tebu ditambahkan dengan H2SO4 8% sebagai katalisator dengan variasi rasio ampas tebu dan katalisator H2SO4 yaitu 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, dan 1:60 pada temperatur microwave 100oC dan waktu reaksi 75 menit. Sampel dianalisa secara kualitatif dengan uji warna menggunakan anilin- asetat sebagai pereaksi. Setelah anilin-asetat ditambahkan ke sampel, warna sampel berubah dari kuning cerah menjadi merah sebagai tanda sampel mengandung furfural. Furfural yang dihasilkan dianalisa untuk mengetahui yield dari furfural dengan menggunakan Gas Chromatography (GC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan yield furfural terbaik pada rasio ampas tebu dan katalisator H2SO4 1:30 yakni sebesar 0,28%.
The sugar cane bagasse contains 12.7% pentosan. The relatively high pentosan content in the sugar cane bagasse can be used as the raw material of furfural production by utilizing the hydrolysis process. This research aims to determine the effects of ratio variations of bagasse and H2SO4 catalyst on the yield of furfural obtained from the hydrolysis process using a microwave. The sugar cane bagasse was added with H2SO4 8% as catalyst with a variations ratio of sugar cane bagasse and H2SO4 catalyst that is 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, and 1:60 in a microwave with the reaction temperature of 100oC and reaction time of 75 minutes. The sample was analyzed qualitatively with a color test by using aniline-acetic as the reactant. After the aniline-acetic was added to the sample, the color of the sample changed from bright yellow to red as a sign that the sample contains furfural. The obtained furfural was analyzed to find out the yield of furfural by using Gas Chromatography (GC). The research product showed that the best yield of furfural on the ratio of bagasse and H2SO4 catalyst of 1:30 is 0.28%.
Accuracy of a Single, Heparin-Calibrated Anti-Xa Assay for the Measurement of Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, and Edoxaban Drug Concentrations: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Meihandoest Tamana , Studt Jan-Dirk , Mendez Adriana , Alberio Lorenzo , Fontana Pierre , Wuillemin Walter A. , Schmidt Adrian , Graf Lukas , Gerber Bernhard , Amstutz Ursula , Bovet Cedric , Sauter Thomas C. , Asmis Lars M. , Nagler Michael
Published: April 2022

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