bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF CONTACT STRESSES AND SLIP IN POWER SHIFT
GEARINGS USING MULTI -CRITERION OPTIMISATION
Authors: Zwolak Jan , Martyna Marek
Published: December 2020

The work analysed contact stresses and slippage occurring in specific toothed pairs of two power shift gearings
with eight ratios. The analysed gearings have ratios of identical values. Differences in contact stresses and
slippage values within individual toothed pairs of both gearings (at same values of input torque and engine
speed) result from the internal configuration of the kinematic chains created by the toothed gears within
individual gear ratios. The analysis included 5 characteristic contact points within the tooth engagement area.
They were selected analytically depending on geometrical parameters of gears that constitute the toothed pair.
Using computer-assisted design works that employ multi-criterion optimisation, it is possible to minimize
slippage and take reasonable advantage of the fatigue contact durability of the material that was used for
producing the toothed gears.
Saurbekken – a discussion of food subsistence strategies
Authors: Enehaug Monica
Published: December 2020

The zooarchaeological material from the North Norwegian settlement mound known as Saurbekken is examined using the number of identified specimens. The aim is to gain knowledge about food subsistence strategies at the site, food subsistence strategies through the ages, and whether the settlement took part in the preparation and/or export of stockfish. Based on available material from Saurbekken, the main staple was fish from around AD 1000 to AD 1300, with a seeming change from fish during the last 50 years of settlement, towards an economy more predominantly based on mammals. Based on the evidence at hand, fish was an important part of the diet for the occupants as Saurbekken, but as the amount of material recovered from the excavation produced a small sample size, it was not possible to infer if the inhabitants partook in the stockfish industry.
Formidling fra felt i den digitale tidsalder
Authors: Åstveit Leif-Inge
Published: December 2020

Most archaeologists agree that public outreach is an important part of archaeological practice. Communication of fresh results from excavations and new research creates both legitimacy and greater understanding of our activities. In Norway, large scale archaeological excavations are often funded by the public sector, and public outreach is considered an important way of giving something back to society. Still, reaching out to the public is often downgraded during stressful fieldwork and considered as something you do when (or if) you have some spare time. This is unfortunate, because fieldwork is what most people associate with archaeology and has a huge potential when it comes to public outreach. In 2017-2019 the University of Bergen carried out a large excavation project, Sotrasambandet. While excavating 12 sites, we wanted to reach the public as well, to present fresh findings, introduce them to our methods, tell stories from the excavation and of course of what Stone Age life in Western Norway could have been like. In total, we produced 56 films and several different texts, and used social media as well as “open day” (evt. public day?), talks and small exhibitions to reach people. The films got great feedback, and were appreciated by schoolchildren, politicians and journalists alike.
Gender and Regional Differences in Body Image Dissatisfaction in Modern University Students
Authors: Godina Elena , Negasheva Marina , Okushko Rostislav , Khafizova Ainur , Seneva Irina
Published: December 2020

Complex anthropological and psychological study of the university
students was carried out in two regions (the cities of Moscow and Tiraspol)
with the aim to reveal gender and regional differences of body image
dissatisfaction and their connection with the body build. 502 individuals (187
males and 315 females) aged from 17 to 25 years were investigated. The program
included anthropometric measurements (height and weight, with further
calculation of Body Mass Index – BMI), evaluation of body mass components, as well
as psychological testing with Stunkard’s silhouette scale and the Situational
Inventory of Body-Image Dysphoria (SIBID). It was found that among the
representatives of both sexes the level of dissatisfaction with their own body
is relatively similar (69% of males and 67% of females). However the girls were
mostly dissatisfied with their excessive, as they perceived, body mass (83% of
the total number of dissatisfied individuals) while the boys were dissatisfied
mostly because of their underweight (60% of the total number of dissatisfied
individuals). Besides, the girls were more likely to exaggerate their weight
while the boys perceived it as smaller than it really was. In girls certain
social influences had more impact on body image dissatisfaction than in boys.
Among the girls studied, the Muscovites were more critical to their own
physical appearance, which resulted in lower self-assessment of their body
image and, consequently, in less positive influence of this assessment on the
quality of life compared to the girls from Tiraspol.
Prognostic Significance of Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Callus Volume in Operatively Treated Bone Fractures
Authors: Muljačić Ante , Majstorović-Matejić Matea , Guberina Marko , Živković Ognjen , Poljak-Guberina Renata
Published: December 2020

Total and bone alkaline phosphatase are indicators of bone formation, a process essential in bone healing. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of both total and bone alkaline phosphatase with the course and features of healing in surgically treated long bone fractures as compared to the callus volume. In this study, total and bone alkaline phosphatase levels and the callus volume were measured in two patients with long bone fractures. Fracture healing was rapid in one patient and slow in the other. Depending on the healing outcome, on day 7 an increase in the case of slow healing and a decrease in the case of rapid healing was noted for both total and bone alkaline phosphatase. In the case of slow healing, the callus volume was significant whereas in the case of rapid healing the callus was almost invisible on day 7. This result indicates a possible prognostic significance of aforementioned clinical biochemical and radiographic parameters in the monitoring of long bone fracture healing.
Secular Changes in Male Body Height in the European Part of Russia during the 20th Century
Authors: Lebedeva Lidia , Kucherova Yulia , Godina Elena
Published: December 2020

Significant political and economic transformations took place on the territory of contemporary Russia in the first part of the 20th century. We hypothesized that they would have affected male growth curve negatively. To test this idea, the dataset was collected to present the graph, which illustrates the changes in male body height during the 20th century. We searched for bibliographic sources with information about body height of men and women born during the 20th century, with full description of measurement methodology, sample design and significant geographical distribution of the dataset covering more than 15 territories of the country – cities or regions. Such criteria were met only for men. We found only 8 sources that could be considered reliable in the research. The observed graph confirms positive changes in male body height on the territory of the European part of contemporary Russia: for those, who were born in 1900‘s it was 166.1 cm, in 1920s – 166.5 cm, in 1940s – 171 cm, in 1960s – 174.8 cm and in 1980s the indicator reached 176.1 cm. No significant negative changes in this indicator have been found during the studied period. The primary hypothesis that political and socio-economic transformations affect male growth curve negatively was confirmed only partly. We concluded that unfavorable political and socio-economic events (such as revolutions, World War I and World War II, purges and famines) influenced the pace of body height increase in men. While the main period of secular trend was fixed in the first decades of the 20th century in Germany, Netherlands and France, in this part of Russia it occurred later, in 1930–1960s. However, the total increase in male height was very similar for all mentioned territories (9–11 cm) during 1900–1980’s.
Auditory Processing in People with Chronic Aphasia
Authors: Pavičić Dokoza Katarina , Kolundžić Zdravko
Published: December 2020

The preconditions for successful voice communication are good hearing and listening, and auditory processing that includes the ability to process the audio signal. Damage or deceleration of sound signal processing at any level from the periphery to the central structures leads to disintegration and inability to process the signal effectively. Auditory processing in people with aphasia has not been examined in Croatia to date. Results of studies conducted in other languages point to negative effects of auditory processing difficulties on the receptive and expressive component of the language. This study was conducted on a sample of subjects with chronic aphasia and a group of control subjects with no neurological or any other disorders that can affect auditory processing. The inclusion criteria for persons with aphasia were impaired language skills as a result of cerebrovascular accident that occurred at least six months before the examination, regardless of severity and type of aphasia and normal hearing status. The study did not include persons with aphasia who were unable to repeat the six-word sentence, due to impaired comprehension or speech expression, and those whose comprehension was not sufficient to cooperate well during the test. The test was conducted individually for 30 minutes per subject using the Auditory processing test (PSP) that is standardized for the Croatian language. Results from this study showed statistically significant lower achievement on all subtests on PSP-1 (filtered words, speech in noise, dichotic words test, and dichotic sentence test) in people with aphasia compared with the control group. People with aphasia and control group subjects showed better results in favor of the left ear on variable speech in noise. Filtered words were easily processed through the left ear in people with aphasia while dichotic sentences were easily processed through the left ear in the control group. The results of this study confirm the hypothesis of the presence of auditory processing difficulties in people with aphasia and are consistent with previous studies conducted in other languages. In addition, the study points to the need of introducing specific therapeutic procedures in rehabilitation in order to improve the function of auditory processing in persons after a cerebrovascular accident.
Economic Violence against Women in Croatia
Authors: Miškulin Ivan
Published: December 2020

Economic violence (EV) refers to acts of control and monitoring of the behavior of an individual in terms of the use and distribution of money, and the constant threat of denying economic resources. EV has hindered a great proportion of women from achieving economic autonomy and sustainable livelihood for themselves and their dependents. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of EV among Croatian women, to identify the main forms of EV and to evaluate interconnection between EV and selected sociodemographic indicators. As part of this cross-sectional study a validated, anonymous questionnaire that contained questions regarding sociodemographic data as well as questions regarding EV was self-administered to a sample of women from two Croatian counties, one continental (Osijek-Baranja) and one maritime (Istria), during April and May 2017. The study sample included 1314 women, the median age being 41 (interquartile range 32–55) years. The overall prevalence of EV was 18.9%; 77.5% being qualified as less and 22.5% as more severe. Among the women who experienced EV 96.0%, 59.8% and 36.1% of them were exposed to economic control, economic exploitation and employment sabotage, respectively. The EV was more prevalent among women from maritime (Istria) county (P<0.001); women aged between 44 and 56 years and women aged between 31 and 43 years (P<0.001); women who were single (P<0.001); women with lower educational level (P=0.006) and women with under average self perceived socioeconomic status (P<0.001). It can be concluded that EV is highly prevalent among Croatian women and as such represents an important public health challenge within this population. Selected sociodemographic indicators represent significant risk factors for the development of EV in the studied population.
Incidence of Lower Limb Amputation in Diabetic Patients in Osijek-Baranja County
Authors: Canecki-Varžić Silvija , Prpić-Križevac Ivana , Bojanić Kristina , Kovač Damir , Rahelić Dario , Bilić-Ćurčić Ines , Pavošević Iris
Published: December 2020

Amputation of the lower limb (LLA) is one of the most feared adverse outcomes among diabetic patients. Our aim was to determine the incidence of amputation in diabetic patients in Osijek-Baranja County and to examine the possible correlation between clinical characteristics of the patients and the time elapsed before the first amputation. This was a tertiary-care-based retrospective study and included 925 diabetic patients who underwent non-traumatic lower limb amputation in the University Hospital Osijek from January 1st 2008 to December 31st 2018. Data on associated cardiovascular risk factors and clinical characteristics of the patients were collected from diabetic registry of the Department of diabetes and endocrinology. A total of 278 patients had all data for further analysis. There were 1551 LLAs over a ten year period. The incidence was 6.14 per 1,000 adults with diabetes. LLA rates per 1,000 adults with diabetes decreased by 29% between 2010 and 2013 and then increased by 76% between 2014 and 2018. In ten year period incidence of amputation in diabetic patients varied from 4 to 7.8 per 1000 persons-year. We observed the same pattern in both minor and major LLA but rates of amputation above knee steadily increased 2.7 times between 2010 and 2018 (from 0.69 to 1.83 per 1000 patients-year). The mean age of patients with LLA was 67.2 years, 66% were male, mean BMI was 29.6±4.8 kg/m2 and the mean duration of diabetes was 14.7±8.2 years. There was no association between smoking, arterial hypertension and hyperlipemia, ACE inhibitor use, statin use, antiplatelet use, CVD, neuropathy and duration of diabetes before first amputation. Only sulphonylurea and insulin therapy significantly prolonged the time before the first amputation (p = 0.00001, for each). In conclusion, our study confirmed high rate of lower limb amputation in diabetic patients in Osijek-Baranja County. Incidence rates of LLA in our population are important for further improvements in diabetes care and decisions in health care policy.
Preporuke za
oboljele od osteoporoze i liječnike obiteljske medicine u doba COVID-19 pandemije
Authors: Miškić Blaženka , Dujmić Željka , Rajkovača-Latić Ines , Miškić Karla , Včev Aleksandar , Ćosić Vesna
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the guidelines made by the Multidisciplinary Team for Osteoporosis for patients in the General Hospital “Dr.Josip Benčević”, Slavonski Brod and general practitioners in the Brod-Posavina County in order to inform them properly about the COVID-19 pandemic and the recommendations of the National Civil Protection Committee, as well as to help them reduce their fear and to improve their cooperation with their general practitioners. A system of recording new fractures in the county was maintained since the onset of the epidemic. The recommendations for patients with osteoporosis include their lifestyle, medical treatment and balanced nutrition, following the advices of the International Osteoporosis Foundation, the Croatian Osteoporosis Society and the British Royal Osteoporosis Society. Living with osteoporosis demands balanced nutrition, regular exercise and taking prescribed medications. As in the present conditions of COVID-19 epidemic outdoor physical activities are temporarily limited it is necessary to ensure the availability of calcium-rich food and vitamin D supplies. As medical treatment of osteoporosis does not increase risk of COVID-19 infection it is recommended for patients to continue their prescribed therapy in consultation with their general practitioner.
Evaluation of Anti-Icing/De-Icing Products Under Controlled Environmental Conditions
Authors: Ji Yi , McCullouch Bob , Zhou Zhi
Published: December 2020

Snow and ice removal are important tasks during the winter season and large amounts of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals are used and there is a critical need to review and synthesize information from the literature to compare and contrast anti-icing and de-icing chemicals to understand their environmental impact and support decision making. The effectiveness, costs, and environmental impact of commonly used and alternative anti-icing and de-icing chemicals were reviewed in this study. Application of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals may increase ion concentrations in soils and change nitrogen cycle, soil pH, and trace metal concentrations, affect surface water and groundwater, and increase public health risks. Life cycle assessment was conducted to quantitively evaluate environmental impact of selected anti-icing and de-icing chemicals. A decision support tool on environmental impact was developed to evaluate environmental impact of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals in ten different environmental impact categories. The results showed the environmental life cycle assessment tool developed in this study can be used to compare multiple environment impacts to support decision making for winter operation chemicals.
THE HOMONYMIC CHAIN MODEL (HCM) AS A TOOL FOR MULTIPLE SENSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Oppong-Asare Juliet , Abrefa Kofi Busia , Marfo Charles Ofosu
Published: December 2020

Many scholars – e.g. Glover (2005), Sekyi-Baidoo (2006) and Falkum (2010) – have expressed some concerns about Word Sense Multiplicity (WSM), which explains multiple meanings as part of a word. In other words, WSM is an integral part of any natural language including Akan on which this paper concentrates. As Agyekum (2002; 2005) and Levin (1993) observe, with WSM, users and researchers of language dwell on a particular sense of a word deeming it as an underlying representation of all other senses. In this paper, however, from the perspective of the homonymic and polysemic nature of a word, we seek to explore the Homonymic Chain Model (Oppong-Asare, 2012) as a tool for expressing the multiple meanings words in languages in descriptive terms. The model attempts to simplify the understanding of the various meanings of a word by conceptualizing its diverse senses. As will also be exhibited pictorially, the Homonymic Chain Model (HCM) also explains that a particular word may have two or more distinct meanings and each of the meanings may also have other related senses. As part of our conclusion, we contend among others that apart from aiding students and language learners to recognize and comprehend different senses of a word more clearly, HCM could also facilitate the work of translators working with Akan.
The Impact of Incidental and Intentional L2 Vocabulary Learning on Depths and Breadth Dimensions of Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Mirghasempoor Ahmadi Seyyed Rasool
Published: December 2020

Through the introduction of different dimensions of vocabulary knowledge, various studies attempted to examine numerous effective factors on these dimensions. The present study aimed to show the effects of different vocabulary learning styles through extensive and intensive reading programs on depth and breadth aspects of vocabulary knowledge. To achieve this goal, 45 sophomore undergraduate students of English language teaching and translation in Payam-e-Noor University participated in this study. Initially, in order to homogenize the learners based on their level of language proficiency, MEPT was administered. Then, by measuring the mean and standard deviation of participants’ scores, the number of participants reduced to 35. The ultimate subjects’ scores on the reading comprehension items of MEPT show that they are all at the intermediate level of reading ability.  Participants divided into three experimental groups randomly: two groups were in the extensive reading program with different form-focused and meaning-focused tasks as incidental vocabulary learning style. And the third group was in the intensive reading program as intentional vocabulary learning style. Participants in these experimental groups read long stories or passages per week with ten goal-oriented words. After 8 weeks, Word Associates Test (WAT) and Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS) were administered to measure the acquired knowledge of new words and also, determining the effects of various learning styles on different dimensions of vocabulary knowledge. The results of Paired-samples and Independent T-tests revealed that both incidental and intentional groups developed in the period between the pre- and post-test, but, there was a significant difference between the effects of incidental vocabulary learning in the form of ER program and intentional vocabulary learning in the form of IR program. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the effects of the form-focused and meaning-focused task.
FINAL-NASAL DELETION IN AKAN (ASANTE TWI) REDUPLICATION
Authors: Adomako Kwasi
Published: December 2020

In this paper, I examine the phenomenon of reduplicant-nasal deletion observed in some reduplicative prefixes of Akan (a Niger-Congo, Kwa language). In the Akan phonology, nasals are among non-vowel sonorants that are permitted syllable or word-finally (Dolphyne 1988, Abakah 2005). However, it is observed that these nasals, particularly [m], are sometimes deleted in some reduplicants final position. In this paper, I show that verb bases of CVN or CVVN structures are of two different morphemic structures in the underlying representation; monomorphemic verb base and bimorphemic verb base. The latter structure, on which this paper focuses, has the composition: morpheme1 + morpheme2. It is observed that while the former preserve their ‘final’ nasals in the reduplicants, the latter lose them in their reduplicants.  We analyse this phonological phenomenon as resulting from the language’s desire to satisfy a high-ranking template satisfaction constraint (after McCarthy and Prince 1994a) within the Optimality Theory framework. Keywords: Nasal deletion, Akan, reduplication, Optimality Theory, phonology.
On Tone and Morphophonology of the Akan Reduplication Construction
Authors: Abakah Emmanuel Nicholas
Published: December 2020

Reduplication in Akan has received some discussion in the literature but all the studies have concentrated on some aspects of segmental processes that operate on the base to generate the output. In this paper, we study the morphological, segmental and tonal processes related to reduplicative construction in Akan. We demonstrate that on the basis of tonal perturbations which bases and reduplicative templates undergo, and the output tone melody of the reduplicated form vis-à-vis the tone melody of the base, we are able to tell the base from the reduplicant in the Akan reduplicative structure. We argue in the central portions of this paper that the reduplicant in Akan could be either prefixed or suffixed to the base and, in the course of further reduplication construction, it could be sited within the two constituent tokens of the original reduplicative output which serves as an unmarked base for further reduplication. This piece of information counterexemplifies the assertion in the existing literature that in the Akan reduplication construction, the reduplicant is invariably prefixed to the base. In this paper, we study reduplication of verbs, adjectives, nouns, and lexical reduplication and demonstrate that words belonging to the same class behave tonally the same.
ON EFIK PREFIXING MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Mensah Eyo Offiong
Published: December 2020

Prefixation is a grammatical devise that involves the attachment of a bound morpheme to the left of a root element or stem. It functions to signal certain grammatical relationships involving categories like tense, negation, person, number, and aspect. It can also trigger off the creation of new words from existing ones. The focus of this paper is to analyse the forms and structure of Efik prefixes in relation to the different phonological and morphosyntactic operations they can signal in the language. The paper also examines the various word formation strategies involving prefixation in the language. The basic assumption, however, is that the structure of Efik prefixes vary according to agreement, and is determined by the principle of vowel harmony. The study discovers that Efik prefixes have systematic and rule-governed structures and that certain conditions, such as the phonology of the stem, the stem’s lexical category and the semantic value of prefixes stipulate their position. We wish to interpret the following abbreviations in order to facilitate our analyses: Adv(erb), Asp(ect), Aux(illiary), Conj(unction), Fut(ure tense), Mod(ality), Neg(ation), N(oun), NP (Noun Phrase), Pres(ent tense), PT(Past tense), Pro(noun), Pfx (Prefix) SC (Subject Concord), Spec(ifier), Tn (tense) and V(erb).
The participle form of causative verbs in Dangme
Authors: Caesar Regina Oforiwah
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a descriptive analysis of verbs with the participle marking affixes in expressing causatives in Dangme, a language that belongs to the Kwa group of the Niger-Congo family of languages.  The paper examines the syntax and the semantic perspectives of the participialized form of causative verbs in the Role and Reference Grammar’s (RRG) theory in Dangme. The participle is an affix which expresses the completion at the final stage of a process. As a verbal affix, it can take objects and have tense or aspect in languages. They also indicate active agency (actor) and an agency receiving an action (sufferer). Generally affixes that express participial are in two forms: the finite and non-finite categories. Unlike Akan and other languages that have both forms, Dangme has just the non-finite category which of two forms. The two non-finite forms of the verb in Dangme are the participle and the gerund. The gerund affix {-mi} denotes a new word class from verbs in Dangme, (noun). The participle on the other hand has adjective-like characteristics and it is expressed mostly with the front vowels of Dangme: /i, e, ԑ/. It is to be noted that to form the participle in Dangme, two processes are required. Firstly, the verb stem is reduplicated either partially or totally depending on the shape of the verb stem. The reduplicant then selects a front vowel of the same tongue height of the vowel of the verb stem. The words formed imply a process of change caused by a causer. For the purpose of this paper, my focus is on the participial affix used in expressing causative meaning in Dangme.
TECTONOPHYSICAL STUDY OF THE VERKHOVOI FAULT ACTIVITY ON THE NORTHERN SLOPE OF THE KYRGIZ RIDGE
Authors: Rebetsky Yu. L. , Marinin A. V. , Kuzikov S. I. , Sycheva N. A. , Sychev V. N.
Published: December 2020

An active fault was identified on the northern slope of the Kyrgyz ridge in the area near Research Scientific RAS in Bishkek. It belongs to a large system of crustal faults of the ridge. In our study, tectonophysical methods were used to analyse the regularities of the tectonic stress field reconstructed from seismological data on earthquake focal mechanisms. The stress distribution pattern near the investigated fault suggests its activity either in the recent past or at the present time. This conclusion is supported by the fact that at the eastern and western terminations of the fault, crustal stretching zones are located in a crosswise pattern. The Coulomb stresses on the fault surface were analysed, and the analysis results give grounds to state that its long section crossing the Alamedin river valley should be viewed as potentially hazardous. In the field, we observed abundant broken rock fragments and rock falls in the zone where the fault crosses the Alamedin and Aksu river valleys. It is known that rock falls have occurred more often in the last 3–5 years. The study results show slow movements along the fault. These strike-slip displacements have been going on for at least 10–15 years. According to the modern concepts of the preparation stage of an earthquake source, slow displacements along a fault gradually accelerate several years before an earthquake. Therefore, the studied fault (we named it Verkhovoi) should be considered a potentially hazardous zone wherein earthquakes can occur in future. A magnitude from 6.5 to 7.5 may be expected, depending on whether only the eastern part or the entire fault (i.e. 20 or 50 km, respectively) will be involved in a future seismic event. Further studies of the Verkhovoi fault are needed to clarify a trend in the development of slow sliding along the fault, which will allow understanding whether this process precedes dynamic rock failure (i.e. an earthquake) or tends to gradually decrease.
HALL CONDUCTIVITY ESTIMATES FROM MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDING DATA
Authors: Plotkin V. , Potapov V. V.
Published: December 2020

Many minerals have semiconductor properties. It is known that petroleum reservoir rocks permeated with hydrocarbon fluids can sometimes behave as semiconductors. In the Earth’s magnetic field, the electrical conductivity of such materials becomes anisotropic, and the Hall effect is quite possible in rocks in natural conditions and detectable by magnetotelluric sounding. In the anisotropic medium, the field is subject to normal mode splitting, and its components show different attenuation coefficients and phase velocities. The modes differ due to polarization and rotation of the field vectors (clockwise in one mode, and counterclockwise in another). With account of the Hall effect, responses of the medium can be different when the medium is excited by a single normal wave. To detect the Hall effect in MTS surveys, we use the polarization analysis method and select the spectra of modes with right and left circular polarization. Special experiments were carried out to detect the contribution of the Hall effect during the MTS surveys. This article presents the first estimates of the Hall conductivity for the studied rocks.
Effects of Interventional Training Program on Interpersonal Skills in Female Teenagers: A Case Control Study
Authors: Karimi Parasto , Mohamadian Fathola , Veisani Yousef , Aibod Sehat
Published: December 2020

Background: Interpersonal skills enable people to develop positive and effective relationships with each other. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training on interpersonal skills in female teenagers. Methods: By an interventional study with pretest-posttest design, subjects were randomly divided into case and control groups. The target population consisted of all female teenagers in Ilam in 2016 - 2017. The 60 participants, included by multi-stage cluster sampling, were randomly assigned into two experimental (n = 30) and control groups (n = 30). The short 32-item version of inventory of interpersonal problems (IIP) was used to collection of data, which was completed by all subjects at the pre-test stage. The interventional group received eight sessions of the life skills training program, and two experimental and control groups received the post-test. Data were analyzed by two-variable variance of analysis via SPSS software version 20. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the interpersonal skills scores of both interventional and control groups in the post-test stage at the significance level (P < 0.01). This means that training enhances the interpersonal skills of female teenagers. Conclusions: The training program can be effective for interpersonal skills.
Exploring the potential of cultural historical activity theory for understanding change in education: lessons from a historical case study of leadership in an Irish school
Authors: O'Donoghue Tom , Neylon Gerardine
Published: December 2020

This paper reports a research project undertaken whose aim was to explore the possibility of using a particular theoretical framework for engaging in preliminary studies aimed at analysing specific historical instances of change in education. The change that was the focus of the investigation was a new school established by the Sisters of Mercy in Ennis, County Clare (Ireland), to replace an original school built in 1865. This was no ‘ordinary school. Instead, it was at the time deemed a model infant and primary school. While the case is of interest in its own right, the principal aim of the study was to explore the potential of cultural activity theory for engaging in historical analyses of cases of its type and using its structure, the CHAT model, as a framework for presenting results.
La educación laica en México: estudios en torno a sus orígenes
Authors: Ortiz Cirilo Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Review of the book by Adelina Arredondo (coord.), La educación laica en México: estudios en torno a sus orígenes (México, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos/Bonilla Artigas Editores, 2019)
L'Università italiana nel Novecento. Nuovi itinerari storiografici e inediti percorsi di ricerca
Authors: Montecchiani Sofia
Published: December 2020

Review of the book by Luigiaurelio Pomante, L'Università italiana nel Novecento. Nuovi itinerari storiografici e inediti percorsi di ricerca (Milan: FrancoAngeli, 2020)
Proposta de Modelo de Análise e Avaliação das Necessidades Humanas no Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos
Authors: Unruh Gabriela Unger , Canciglieri Junior Osíris
Published: December 2020

Desenvolver produtos, em essência, é sobre melhorar a vida das pessoas suprindo suas necessidades, assim como as necessidades organizacionais, sendo que humanos e organizações são sistemas complexos e dinâmicos, os quais necessitam de processos estruturados para promover boas relações e bons resultados aos negócios. Ainda existe falta de modelos claros que permitam a inserção, verificação e adequação das necessidades humanas no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos, portanto este artigo apresenta o modelo HUNE (HU – humano, NE - necessidades) para auxiliar na análise e avaliação das necessidades humanas, dos usuários, em processos de desenvolvimento de produtos e, sua aplicação em dois casos. Para isso foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada com abordagem qualitativa, por meio de revisão sistemática da literatura, construção do modelo HUNE e aplicação do modelo. O resultado foi um modelo que serve como orientação e auxílio na tomada de decisão nos momentos de análise do problema de projeto (pré-desenvolvimento) e avaliação do produto em desenvolvimento com relação às necessidades humanas. As aplicações permitiram verificar o processo de aplicação do modelo até a etapa de desenvolvimento de protótipo de baixa fidelidade, se mostrando coerente e indicando possíveis decisões de projeto que o levem a se adequar ao usuário. O modelo foi aplicado no desenvolvimento de dois casos experimentais alcançando resultados promissores, e principalmente, identificando novas oportunidades de aprofundamento e outras aplicações.
Calidad de la muerte percibida por los cuidadores de pacientes en cuidados paliativos
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez Daniel , López-Leiva Inmaculada , Cuesta-Vargas Antonio I.
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de la muerte y del proceso del morir en población oncológica avanzada, y analizar su asociación con el sufrimiento y la calidad de la atención al final de la vida.Método: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal en el que participaron los cuidadores principales de los pacientes oncológicos fallecidos en cuidados paliativos. Para la evaluación de la calidad de la muerte y del proceso del morir se utilizó la versión española del Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire. El sufrimiento fue evaluado con el Mini-Suffering State Examination y la calidad de la atención al final de la vida con la Palliative care Outcome Scale. Resultados: 74 cuidadores familiares de pacientes paliativos fallecidos participaron en este estudio. La puntuación media de la versión española del Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire fue de 65,58 (± 20,98). Se encontró una correlación negativa entre la calidad de la muerte y el sufrimiento (r=-0,63) y positiva entre la calidad de la muerte y la calidad de la atención al final de la vida (r=0,62).Conclusión: La calidad de la muerte de los enfermos oncológicos avanzados en cuidados paliativos se relaciona positivamente con la calidad de la atención al final de la vida y negativamente con el sufrimiento. La atención paliativa contribuye a alcanzar niveles satisfactorios en la calidad de la muerte y del proceso del morir de los pacientes oncológicos avanzados.

Objective: To determine the quality of dying and death in an advanced oncology population, and to analyze the association with the suffering and the quality of attention at the end of life.Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design was used. For the evaluation of the quality of dying and death, the Spanish version of the Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire was used. Suffering was assessed with the Mini-Suffering State Examination and the quality of end-of-life care was evaluated with the Palliative care Outcome Scale.Results: 74 relatives of deceased patients were included in this study. The mean total score of the Spanish version of the Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire was 64.58 (± 20.98). A negative correlation between the quality of dying and death and the suffering was found (r = -0.63), and a positive correlation between the quality of dying and death and the quality of the attention at the end of life was found (r = 0.62).Conclusion: Quality of dying and death in advanced cancer population is positively related to the quality of of the attention at the end of life and negatively related to suffering. Palliative care can contribute to achieving a satisfactory quality of dying and death of advanced cancer patients.
arcedianato de Nájera, un beneficio eclesiástico en manos de las oligarquías salmantinas en la Baja Edad Media
Authors: PELÁEZ BOISMORAND Luis
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es abordar el caso de los beneficios eclesiásticos patrimoniales en la Baja Edad Media en Castilla. Éstos no siempre caían bajo el control de las diócesis a las que estaban vinculados, recayendo este control administrativo y económico en ocasiones en manos de ciertas oligarquías castellanas. Los arcedianatos, siendo un beneficio eclesiástico de gran interés sobre todo por sus rendimientos económicos, sirvieron en ocasiones como moneda de cambio entre poderosas familias con intereses afines. Expondremos el caso del arcedianato de Nájera, que durante casi cien años estuvo en manos de ciertas familias de las oligarquías urbanas salmantinas entre el siglo XV e inicios del siglo XVI, como un ejemplo bien documentado de este caso e intentaremos describir algunos de los catalizadores que lo han provocado.

In this work we examine the case of ecclesiastical office assets in Castile over the Late Middle Ages. These assets were not always controlled by the diocese to which they were attached. At times, they fell under the administrative and economic control of Castilian oligarchies. Arch-deaneries generated significant profits and were therefore the focus of strong interest. At times, powerful families linked by common interests used them as a bargaining chip. We will analyse the case of the arch-deanery of Nájera, which was held by a group of families belonging to the urban oligarchy of Salamanca for nearly a century, from the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century. Our case of study constitutes a well-documented example that can help us to explain the roots of these phenomena.
Cádiz y el comercio marítimo genovés en el siglo XIV
Authors: RÍOS TOLEDANO Daniel
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal abordar el papel desempeñado por el puerto de Cádiz como escala esencial para las embarcaciones genovesas que surcaban la ruta atlántica desde el año 1277. A partir del análisis de las actas notariales genovesas recopiladas por Renée Doehaerd y Léone Liagre de Sturler, se pretende reconstruir la actividad mercantil del puerto marítimo de Cádiz en el comercio internacional durante el siglo XIV. Nuestra atención se centrará en cuestiones estrechamente relacionadas con la navegación y las actividades comerciales, tales como las rutas, las mercancías, los pilotos, los seguros marítimos, el tipo de embarcación, entre otros asuntos.

This article has as a main aim to address the role played by the port of Cadiz as a crucial stopover for Genoese ships which sailed the Atlantic route since 1277. On the basis of a detailed analysis of Genoese notarial acts compiled by Renée Doehaerd and Léone Liagre de Sturler, we try to reconstruct the commercial activity within international trade of the seaport of Cádiz over the fourteenth century. Our attention focuses on issues closely related to navigation and commercial operations, such as routes, merchandise, pilots, maritime insurances, ship types, among others.
textos inscritos en la Foncalada de Oviedo
Authors: VALDÉS GALLEGO José Antonio
Published: December 2020

La Foncalada de Oviedo es una fuente monumental, datada generalmente en el siglo IX, durante el período del reino asturiano (718-910). En la fachada del lado este, donde se abre un arco de medio punto, se grabaron algunas inscripciones latinas. Era conocido el contenido de las situadas sobre el arco. Son similares a algunos epígrafes regios de la época. Del texto de las demás solamente se conservan pequeños fragmentos. En este artículo ofrecemos una reconstrucción, lograda gracias a haberse detectado el modelo en que se basan: una oración de santificación del agua, empleada, aunque no exclusivamente, en el ritual hispánico, y contenida en los Libri Ordinum.

The Foncalada of Oviedo is a monumental fountain commonly dated in the 9th century, at the time of the Asturian Kingdom (718-910). On the façade of the east side, where a semicircular arch opens, some Latin inscriptions were engraved. The content of those situated on the arch is well-known, since they are similar to some royal epigraphs of the period, while only small text fragments have been preserved from the rest of inscriptions. In this work we offer a reconstruction of the latter, based on a finding that what we consider the model or source used for the creation of these epigraphs: a prayer form for the sanctification of water, used, though not exclusively, in the Hispanic rite, and contained in the Libri Ordinum.
L’émergence de nouvelles normes de parentalité dans le cadre de la politique familiale russe
Authors: Russkikh Svetlana
Published: December 2020

Dans un contexte de politique familiale visant à enrayer la crise démographique, l’État russe des années 2010 s’engage dans une campagne valorisant certaines valeurs familiales explicitement qualifiées de « traditionnelles », campagne associée à une politique du bien-être de l’enfant. En m’appuyant sur la documentation officielle, sur les données du Service fédéral des statistiques d’État russe (Rosstat) et sur les résultats de mon enquête de terrain réalisée dans trois régions en Russie, je montre de quelle manière cette norme est définie et appliquée, et dans quelle mesure on peut considérer qu’elle a une influence sur les comportements familiaux.
Clinical Research Authorships: Ethics and Problem-Solving
Authors: Katib Atif A.
Published: December 2020

The article helps resolve the intricate authorship issue based on global organizations’ regulations. It draws a fine line between authorship and contributorship from the research ethics perspective.
« Il devint un Romaincourtien » : histoire coloniale et histoire régionale
Authors: Moudileno Lydie
Published: December 2020

Cet article analyse l’imbrication de l’Histoire coloniale dans celle de la France régionale, à partir du roman Le Terroriste noir. Une figure historique réelle inspire ce roman de Tierno Monénembo, à savoir celle de l’adjudant Addi Bâ, un tirailleur guinéen blessé dans les Ardennes en 1940, qui choisit de rallier la Résistance du maquis vosgien, avant d’être arrêté et fusillé en Lorraine par la Gestapo en 1943. Tout en retravaillant la figure du tirailleur, déjà bien exploitée en littérature, T. Monénembo s’attache dans ce texte non seulement à inscrire la mémoire d’un résistant africain dans celle de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, mais aussi, ce qui est peut-être plus original, à dessiner une nouvelle topographie de la présence africaine sur le territoire français, invitant, au-delà de Paris, à reconnaître la pertinence historique de la « province postcoloniale ».
Médecins et maladies dans les romans africains de Paule Constant
Authors: Grenouillet Corinne
Published: December 2020

Pour des raisons biographiques, les cinq romans de Paule Constant consacrés à l’Afrique sont marqués par l’histoire médicale de la relation franco-africaine : Ouregano (1980), Balta, (1983), White Spirit (1989), C’est fort la France ! (Gallimard, 2012) et Des chauves-souris, des singes et des hommes (2016). Cet article montre comment ces romans offrent au lecteur une compréhension du lien France-Afrique comme relation médicale. Ils élaborent un type littéraire et social assez peu représenté dans la littérature contemporaine : le médecin de brousse, et mettent en place autour de lui un personnel romanesque médical varié. Ouregano constitue à cet égard le réservoir de personnages qui vont essaimer dans les romans ultérieurs. Deux de ces romans, C’est fort la France ! et Des chauves-souris, des singes et des hommes, s’intéressent à un « accident de lomidinisation » historiquement attesté, du nom d’une substance chimique (la lomidine, nommée lomidon dans les romans) injectée aux populations camerounaises pour prévenir et guérir la trypanosomiase causée par la mouche tsé-tsé et qui coûta la vie à plusieurs dizaines de villageois en 1954. Le second de ces romans engage une discussion avec l’historien Guillaume Lachenal et les thèses développées dans le livre qu’il consacra à la lomidine : Le Médicament qui devait sauver l’Afrique : un scandale pharmaceutique aux colonies (2014).
Design of Experiments vs. TOPSIS to Select Hyperparameters of Neural Attention Models in Time Series Prediction
Authors: Midilli Yunus Emre , Parshutin Sergei
Published: December 2020

Attention models are used in neural machine translation to overcome the challenges of classical encoder-decoder models. In the present research, design of experiments and TOPSIS methods are used to select hyperparameters of a neural attention model for time series prediction. The configurations selected by both methods are compared with out-of-sample data in time interval between January 2020 and April 2020 when global economies were significantly impacted due to Covid-19 pandemic. Results demonstrated that both selection methods outperformed each other in terms of different output features. On the other hand, our results with more than 95 % coefficient of determination and less than 0.23 % MAPE verified that neural attention models had strong capabilities in exchange rate prediction even in extraordinary situations in global economies.