bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ESTÍMULO AO PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO DE ESTUDANTES NO USO DA WEB
Authors: SILVA SONAI MARIA DA
Published: May 2022

Introdução: Com a pandemia o uso de recursos tecnológicos e da internet aumentou levantando um alerta principalmente na educação sobre a importância do pensamento crítico ao navegar na internet. Objetivo: apontar contribuições do trabalho pedagógico que desperte o senso crítico do aluno neste ambiente. Metodologia: pesquisa bibliográfica sobre estudos recentes sobre o tema. Resultados: O uso maior da internet e recursos tecnológicos trouxe novas possibilidades para o ensino e, entre elas o estímulo ao senso crítico tão necessário no universo virtual em tempos de excesso de informação e constantes fakenews. Sabemos que a educação é constituída por um processo dinâmico, complexo e isto significa que a utilização de tecnologias deve ser trabalhada de forma, que venha a proporcionar que os alunos desenvolvam capacidade de pensamento crítico e, de acordo com estudos, contribuindo para que os mesmos sejam capazes de analisar fatos, argumentar, emitir opiniões e pontos de vista, desenvolver inteligência emocional, capacidade autônoma para resolução de problemas entre outros. Desta foram o trabalho pedagógico deve ser o de estimular o uso de recursos tecnológicos em sala de aula despertando o senso crítico para que seja almejado o desenvolvimento de um indivíduo reflexivo, autônomo, questionador e crítico em meio ao constante volume de informações veiculadas, de maneira a estimular as competências preconizadas pela BNCC. Conclusão: Percebemos então, que o uso das tecnologias pode contribuir para aprendizagens mais significativas quando oportunizam o protagonismo estudantil neste processo, através do uso responsável das redes, da checagem de informações entre outros. Assim vemos que o uso de tecnologias perpassa uma mera inovação no contexto pedagógico porém exige um olhar antenado e minucioso para as possibilidades que estas ferramentas trarão ao processo ensino-aprendizagem contribuindo para uma aprendizagem significativa numa abordagem interdisciplinar e preparando o aluno para o exercício da cidadania.
APPLICATION OF BAYESIAN NETWORKS: WHY STUDENT PREFER FAST-FOOD, KAMPAR DISTRICT
Authors: Song Poh Choo , Lim Huai Tein
Published: May 2022

It is common in nowadays where people eat at restaurant rather than cook or prepare meal by themselves. Comparing to home cook meal, eating at restaurant may have been ignoring the hygiene and balance nutrition issue by human for the sake of convenient and time saving. Thus, fast-food has naturally become one of the choices of their preference. We used Bayesian network to identify the factors that influence UTAR Kampar students to have fast-food as their proper meal. Bayesian Networks is one of the probabilistic graphical models and the network must be a directed acyclic graph. The network structure is formed by nodes (random variables) and they are linked by a directed arc corresponding to the causal relationship between them. In this paper, we discovered that the main reason for McD fast-food to be treated as a proper meal mostly in not because of “fast”, i.e., the time saving factor, though it is the inspiration of emerging fast-food restaurants. Besides the unexpected result, the food preference of university students is not easily influenced by friends’ suggestions.
Keywords: Bayesian Network, Fast-Food, Structural Network, Directed Acyclic Graph.
Yüksek Yapıların Yapım Tekniklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇÜÇEN Aslı , ALTUNCI Yusuf Tahir
Published: May 2022

Günümüzde giderek hızlanmakta olan nüfus artışı ve hızlı kentleşme gibi etmenler arazi ve yeşil alan stoklarının azalması sorununu ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Nüfus artışı ile birlikte gereken çalışma ve barınma ihtiyaçlarının, mevcut arazi stokunu en etkin kullanacak şekilde karşılanabilmesi için yüksek yapıların inşa edilmesi gerekli hale gelmektedir. Birçok teknik kullanılarak inşa edilebilen yüksek yapılarda, malzeme ve yapı bilgisi alanlarındaki gelişmeler ile birlikte yeni yapım teknikleri arayışına girilmiştir. Yüksek yapıların yapımında kullanılan yapım tekniklerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada; yüksek yapıların yapım teknikleri uygulama örnekleri üzerinden detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda; yüksek yapıların inşa edilmesi ile birlikte karma fonksiyona sahip yapı kullanımının yaygınlaştığı, yapı teknolojilerindeki ilerlemelere bağlı olarak yüksek yapı tasarımlarında farklı formlardaki yapıların planlanabilmesinin mümkün hale geldiği, yüksek yapıların tasarım ve uygulama aşamalarında mimar ve mühendislerin disiplinler arası çalışma yürütmesinin yapının estetik ve fonksiyonel olmasının yanı sıra dayanımlı ve dayanıklı olmasını sağlamada da önemli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Menura: a code for simulating the interaction between a turbulent solar wind and solar system bodies
Authors: Behar Etienne , Fatemi Shahab , Henri Pierre , Holmström Mats
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Despite the close relationship between planetary science and plasma physics, few advanced numerical tools allow bridging the two topics. The code Menura proposes a breakthrough towards the self-consistent modelling of these overlapping fields, in a novel two-step approach allowing for the global simulation of the interaction between a fully turbulent solar wind and various bodies of the solar system. This article introduces the new code and its two-step global algorithm, illustrated by a first example: the interaction between a turbulent solar wind and a comet.
Statistics education on the sly: exploring large scientific data sets as an entrée to statistical ideas in secondary schools
Authors:   TERC, Cambridge, Hammerman James
Published: May 2022

Many large scientific and social scientific data sets—for example, those about climate and the environment, medicine, population or economic trends, the human genome, astronomy— are now widely available. As secondary students explore these data they investigate fascinating and important topics that can help them better participate as global citizens. However, understanding the meaning of these data requires statistical understandings—e.g., of variability amidst underlying aggregate trends, statistical control in complex relationships, the meaning of interaction effects, expectations about small probability events, statistical versus practical significance—that are difficult and rarely taught at the secondary level. This paper explores how interest in the science can motivate exploration of statistical ideas, at an informal if not rigorous technical level, which in turn can lead to a deeper understanding of scientific ideas. The role of data visualization and analysis tools to support this learning is also explored.
Undergraduate statistics curriculum for the workplace: a case study of public universities in Uganda
Authors:   Makerere University, Opolot-Okurut Charles
Published: May 2022

This study explored the statistics curriculum for undergraduate programme in public Universities in Uganda. Two public Universities were purposively selected for the investigation. A survey was conducted following both qualitative and quantitative paradigms. Interviews and documentary analysis were conducted. And six administrators and 60 graduates were interviewed. The data were analysed using constant comparative analysis to categorise the type of information that arose from interviews and documents. The institutions taught different statistics content to their undergraduates. Some statistics techniques used by graduates in the workplace were not taught while others were taught but not applied in the workplace. The content taught is not perfectly aligned to the needs of the workplace. The implication of the study is the need to align statistics content for the workplace and to prepare graduates appropriately for employment. Graduates need techniques that are tailed to either industry or to schools. Educational implications are discussed.
Helping students prepare for their future working lives
Authors:   Kingston University, Bidgood Penelope
Published: May 2022

Good course design, informed by research in statistical education and external influences should include some employability skills, whilst maintaining academic standards. At one UK university, the statistics programme was devised to include development of both transferable and subject specific skills that help to prepare students for their future working lives. Students have opportunities to gain both oral and written presentational skills in addition to developing their statistical reasoning and thinking skills. A final year project enables students to work independently on an area of statistics which is of particular interest to them. Some have sourced such projects from their placement year (or part-time jobs), providing an excellent opportunity for them to apply their statistical knowledge to real life applications, whilst needing to present their results in a form that is acceptable to the workplace.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Harga dalam Keputusan Pembelian Sepeda Motor Honda Scoopy di Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Elsa Khofifah , Chandra Aditya Kurniawan , Pranata Sudadi
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine whether (1) there is a positive relationship between product quality on purchasing decisions for Honda Scoopy motorcycles, (2) the effect of price on purchasing decisions for Honda Scoopy motorcycles and (3) the effect of product quality and price simultaneously on purchasing decisions of bicycles. Honda Scoopy in Cirebon district. The population in this study were residents of several sub-districts in Cirebon district who had Honda Scoopy automatic motorcycles. The sampling technique used the slovin formula with a total sample of 100 people with 20 people per sub-district. The data collection technique uses a Google Form questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that: (1) there was a positive effect of product quality on purchasing decisions for Honda Scoopy motorcycles (t count 4,457; sig. 0.000 0.05; = 0.210) , (2) there was a positive influence on price on motorcycle purchasing decisions. Honda Scoopy ((t count 4.029; sig. 0.000 0.05; = 0.94), (3) ) there is a positive effect of product quality and price simultaneously on purchasing decisions for Honda Scoopy motorcycles (F count = 60.609; Sig. .000 0.05) .Keywords: product quality, price and purchase decision.
Perilaku Administrasi Dalam Pelayanan Publik (Studi Tentang Prismatis Di Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Malaka)
Authors: Rame Quirina Wulandari , Tamunu Lenny M , Say Rani Laurensius P
Published: May 2022

Prismatic behavior is the behavior of people who have both traditional and modern characteristics, in other words, people who are undergoing a transition are people who are moving towards a modern society. The purpose of this study is to explain the behavior of administration in public services to the community at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Malacca Regency. This study uses Riggs' theory on Prismatic Behavior, especially in the aspects of Formalism and Overlapping. This research is qualitative research with post positivism paradigm. The research location is in the Dispenduk of Malacca Regency, with data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and verification. The results is still prismatic behavior in public services in the Malacca District Dispenduk, with the findings in the research, namely: the behavior of the apparatus that is not in accordance with the applicable Standard Operating Procedures, the lack of public awareness of the importance of having population documents, human resources inadequate, and there is still discrimination in services. It is recommended that the Malacca Regency Dispenduk Government comply more with the applicable SOPs, it is necessary to disseminate information to the community, increase human resources and other public service support facilities in order to realize excellent public services at the Malacca Dispenduk. Keywords: Behavior, Prismatic, Formalism, Overlap
ANALISIS PENERIMAAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN (PBB) DAN BEA PEROLEHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN BANGUNAN (BPHTB) TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KOTA SURABAYA PERIODE TAHUN 2016 – 2018
Authors: Lilik Agus Sugiarti
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) dan Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB), serta kontribusinya terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Surabaya periode tahun 2016 – 2018. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitiaan deskriptif. Untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan, penulis melakukan kegiatan pengumpulan dengan wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian, penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) dan Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) di Kota Surabaya periode tahun 2016 – 2018 selalu melampui target. Kontribusi Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan (PBB) dan Bea Perolehan Hakatas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah masih dalam kriteria sedang. Presentasi penerimaan PBB Kota Surabaya periode tahun 2016 – 2018 adalah 101, 32 %, 104,38 % dan 111,01 % sedangkan untuk persentasi penerimaan Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan Kota Surabaya periode tahun 2016 – 2018 adalah 118,79 %, 119,77 % dan 103,23 %. Dan untuk persentasi kontribusi Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Surabaya periode tahun 2016 – 2018 adalah 20,81 %, 19,56 % dan 23,53 % sedangkan untuk persentasi kontribusi Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Surabaya periode tahun 2016 –2018 adalah 24,10 %, 25,22 % dan 24,42 %.
Obstacles in Learning English at Government Girls Higher Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Tehsil Faisalabad City
Authors: Ramzan Amara , Raza Muhammad Nasir , Amir R. M. , Raza Hafiz Ali , Gul Sabahat , Irshad Inam
Published: May 2022

English is taught as a compulsory subject from primary to graduation level in Pakistan. Even then, the failure rate of students in English subject is alarming, and communication skills in English are poor. This study was conducted to analyze the obstacles faced by students in learning English language, and to suggest possible solutions to overcome these obstacles. This study was conducted in girls higher secondary schools of Tehsil Faisalabad City. There were total 36 girls higher secondary schools in District Faisalabad. Nine girls higher secondary schools are in Tehsil Faisalabad City. From these nine schools, three girls' higher secondary schools were selected through simple random sampling. There were 17 English teachers who were teaching in these schools, then all the 17 teachers and 958 students were taken as population. All 17 English Subject teachers were the respondents, whereas the sample size for students was calculated 274 through online software with a confidence level 95% and confidence interval 5%. A proportionate sampling technique was used to select the respondents from students. For collecting data, a well-structured questionnaire was developed. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics i-e percentages, means and standard deviation through computer software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for interpretation and discussion of results. The results revealed that students are facing many problems in learning of English language (EL). It is suggested that the students should be provided EL learning facilities in schools as well as at houses.
A Study of Early Childhood Education and its Impact on Student Learning Skills: An Evidence from Tehsil Shorkot, Pakistan
Authors: Bano Sumera , Amir Rana Muhammad , Arshad Irfan , Muhammad Noor
Published: May 2022

Early childhood education covers the period from birth to six years. The area of the study was limited to primary school teaching classes. The study was conducted in Tehsil Shorkot. All primary school Teachers of Tehsil Shorkot were this study's population. The sample of the study was 20 schools which were selected by using the purposive sampling technique. The teachers were the study's respondents, six teachers from each school were taken as a sample, and 120 teachers were selected in this way. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data, and the data were analyzed using SPSS. The study concluded that in early childhood education, students follow the discipline, and it plays an essential role in life coming after it. Students showed enthusiasm while reading and writing. Effect of early childhood education on students, which things in their surroundings are introduced to them. Students work with their friends and try to help them. Board was used to make different shapes. Data also revealed that weather charts used to memorize seasons name, a poster on health and hygienic food used to develop healthy clean habits, shape kit used to recognize different shapes like circle triangles, etc.; flashcards used to show various concepts of daily science. Helping visualizing ideas via AV aids and multimedia was a great strategy to make students' concepts very clear.  About three-fourths of respondents said that colored pencils papers used for different activities. ECE rooms develop listening skills via other storybooks and playground equipment like skipping rope and climbing structures are used for exercise.
Organic farming: A sustainable agricultural practice
Authors: Soni Renu , Gupta Ruchitra , Agarwal Preeti , Mishra Reema
Published: May 2022

The agriculture sector faces multiple challenges in meeting the growing food demand of an ever-increasing population. Conventional farming is one of the most widely practiced approach due to its affordability and accessibility, but it is associated with various drawbacks. A resilient and sustainable agriculture system is required to face different environmental challenges. Sustainable agriculture includes different ecofriendly farming techniques that boost crop yield and livestock production without having an adverse effect on the environment. Organic farming is one such approach that should be practiced for attaining the goal of sustainable agriculture. In simple words, organic farming can be defined as the production of plants by avoiding the use of harmful synthetic additives (fertilizers, pesticides, antibiotics etc.). Organically cultivated foodstuffs have become increasingly popular due to their numerous health benefits. India has experienced a significant expansion of organic farming and is presently one of the major organic producers in the world. Though there are some difficulties yet to be overcome in order to ensure that organic farming has a beneficial economic and health impact, it can be argued that it has a better prospect in India. This review deliberates the current state of organic farming in India along with its components, advantages, associated constraints and future potential.
Jhum Cultivation among the eastern Nagas
Authors: Das Debojyoti
Published: May 2022

The paper analyses the dialectics of land and labour relation to assess the multifaceted and changing relationship between nature and culture in jhum development villages. Shifting cultivation, locally known as jhum in Indian northeast, reminds us of an archaic form of farming practised in out-of-the-way upland spaces. Today, this form of farming is fast changing into plantation, agri-business and monoculture because of state, donor, and community-focused bottom-up development programmes. Nevertheless, jhum remains a „way of life‟ and livelihood option for many remote highland farming communities across the Eastern Himalayas. The paper draws upon my ethnographic study on Naga slash and burn farming and the ways it has changed over time with the introduction of agricultural demonstrators, subsidies, microcredits, plantation crops and Baptist work ethics introduced by the village Church. More fundamentally, it reflects the patronage relations between village chiefs, their subjects (clan members), political go-between, and the state. These interfaces developed over time as colonial administrators and anthropologists established their authority and control over Naga Hills in the late nineteenth century with the help of village intermediaries locally known as dobashis. Labour and land relations have both transmuted from communal– common property resources to „private assets‟ with different meanings attached to right and control over „land‟ and „labour‟.
Effects of Inclusion of Processed Mucuna Utilis [Mucuna pruriens] (l) Seed Meal on Performance Characteristics of Noilers
Authors: I.I. Shehu , A. Ishaya , A. Ojo
Published: May 2022

The experiment was conducted to ascertain the inclusion levels of cooked, decorticated and toasted Mucuna Utilis seed meal on the performance characteristics of Noilers. One hundred and forty four (144) day old Niolers chicks were raised on four experimental diets. Mucuna seed meal were incorporated at the rate of 200g/kg of feed, the diets was formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Each diet was fed to a group of 36 birds for a period of 56days. There were significant (P<0.05) differences among the treatment groups in feed intake, body weight and feed conversion ratio. The group feed decorticated Mucuna seed meal showed significant (P<0.05) depressed feed intake, body weight and poor feed conversion ratio when compared with other treatment groups. Apparent digestibility of crude protein either extract, crude fibre and ash differed significantly (P<0.05) among the treatments. It was concluded that cooked Mucuna seed could be included in Noiler diets at 200g/kg while decortication was an ineffective processing method.
Negation in English and Yala Languages
Authors: S.O. Ogar , E.N. Isaac
Published: May 2022

Negation is a denial, or a way of expressing a rejection of a positive proposition. It is a universal feature of human language in the sense that every language has a way of expressing a denial of fact, action, idea, or some such thing. Seeing that every language has a way of expressing negation, it was the aim of this work to examine the contrasts that exist in the ways in which negation is expressed in English and Yala languages. Yala is among the Idomoid group of languages. These languages are chosen due to their contact situation as well as the need that arises for comparative linguistics when languages come in contact. The study reveals that significant differences exist between the negation strategies of English and Yala languages; English is said to have more negation operators than Yala, thus displaying a fairly richer morpho-syntactic process in terms of negation. However, while the scope of negation commands certain phonological changes in Yala, it does not in English. It is also evident from the study that negation is marked with the use of cleft-like sentences in both languages. Moreover, in English, modal negation may have a wide or narrow scope, while in Yala, modal negation usually has a narrow scope. It was found from the study that to express non-modal negation, English and Yala use ‘not transport’; however, English marks non-modal negations through other means as well. Therefore, contrastive statements are made after establishing contrasts in different aspects of negation in both languages, and predictions of difficulty are made after each contrastive statement. The essence of the contrastive statement and predictions is to help teachers of Yala learners to place in the proper perspective the problems of the learners in relation to English negation.
DIMENSIONES DEL CONCEPTO Y DERECHO DE PARTICIPACIÓN EN EL ÁMBITO DE LA EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Parás Cecilia
Published: May 2022

This paper explores the way in which the concept of the right to student participation (SP) has gained strength in the last twenty years in education worldwide and particularly in Mexico. In addition, it addresses the background of participation, the legal and theoretical definitions, as well as the various approaches that conceive it as a fundamental tool for school democratic life.
ANTE ENGENHOS E METALÚRGICAS: UMA ANÁLISE DOS LUGARES DE MEMÓRIA DOS TRABALHADORES EM PIRACICABA DURANTE O SÉCULO XX
Authors: Junqueira Fabiana
Published: May 2022

The places of memory of the working class in Brazil are numerous and diverse. Some routinely marked the lives of workers, others were part of the trajectory of proletarians only in one episode. Not many places frequented and appropriated by the workers have survived time. In the battlefield of memories, the places of the world of work have sometimes been neglected and in a few cases celebrated, but each of them are constituent parts of the working class formation process. Seeking to expand the knowledge about the action of workers in small and medium-sized cities, and seeking to stimulate a reflection about the spaces where we live and how their history and memory are treated, this article intends to analyze some of these places of memory of workers in the municipality of Piracicaba, demonstrating that, besides containing the marks of the workers' experiences, the many sugar mills and metallurgical factories, among others, which characterized the Piracicaba scenario, reveal the singularities of the history of the working class in this city, and also its connections with the labor movement in the large urban centers of the country in the 20th century.
PÉRÉGRINATIONS OUEST-AFRICAINES À TRAVERS LES MODALITÉS ASSERTIVES ET ÉVALUATIVES DANS ALLAH N’EST PAS OBLIGÉ D’AHMADOU KOUROUMA
Authors:   Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Côte d’Ivoire, DIARRA Saibou
Published: May 2022

The paper examines two enunciative modalities: assertion and the evaluative adjective. These modalities allow the speaker to modify his/her speech by describing objects and phenomena according to his/her own perception. In this sense, linguists integrate these modalities among the indices of subjectivity in language. In Allah n’est pas obligé, the story focuses on the main character's peregrinations through several countries and cities in West Africa. Implicitly, Kourouma offers the reader a tourist panorama of his course. More precisely, the modalities that we have chosen allow this descriptive function of the language. The enunciation will be used to highlight the speaker's eye perceptions through modal markers. From a pragmatic perspective, we will infer the tourist directions as resulting from their use in the novel.
L’HYPERBOLE DANS LES COMMENTAIRES EN ESPAGNOL SUR TRIP ADVISOR : LE MUSÉE DU LOUVRE À LA LOUPE
Authors:   Université de Paris, France, PATIN Stéphane
Published: May 2022

The Louvre, the most visited French museum in the world, is the subject of online evaluative comments on booking platforms such as TripAdvisor. According to the principle of tourism 2.0, visitors write their reviews, adressing reader, thus constituting a specific discursive type where the enunciation, in an epidictic register, praises the place visited. Using textometric approaches, the present paper analyses this authentic discursive material by understanding how the use of hyperbole constitutes a rhetorical strategy of seduction and persuasion.
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE CREATING AND FUNCTIONING OF REGIONAL RAILWAYS IN BUKOVYNA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th – EARLY 20th CENTURIES
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine, Strelko Oleh , Pylypchuk Oksana ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this paper is to study the objective economic aspects and prerequisites for the creating and functioning of regional railways in Bukovyna in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. The deployment of railway construction on the lands of Bukovyna in the second half of the 19th century was associated with the processes of the capitalist structure formation in the economies of the countries that included these lands – Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire. The successful activities of the large railway companies in Bukovyna were facilitated by their strong ties with banks and close mutually beneficial cooperation with various parts of the state apparatus of Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire. There was certain dependence between railway companies and States that, on the one hand, companies could not do without financial assistance from the State. On the other hand, the State did not possess sufficient funds at the end of the 19th century to independently expand the railway network and it was forced to entrust the construction of railway lines to private companies. Banks willingly acted as founders of new private railway companies in Austria-Hungary, which intensively stimulated the development of railway construction in Bukovyna. The high degree of the capital concentration in comparison with the other branches of private capitalist production was one of the characteristic features of the railway companies of Bukovyna.
Stem Cells May Differentiate to Microorganisms
Authors: Salerian Alen J
Published: May 2022

This study advances a previous hypotheses, “Human body may produce bacteria “and proposes that some infections are generated by human stem cells which differentiate to bacteria and fungus. Evidence consistent with the hypotheses that” Stem cells may differentiate to microorganisms” include studies suggesting that Christensenellaceae are heritable, human genetics shape gut microbiome, host genetics control the composition of gut microbiota and Tinea Versicolor skin infections caused by Malassezia species. Furthermore it has been demonstrated that, amniotic fluid, breast tissue and milk, placenta, umbilical cord blood, meconium harbor bacteria that are not contaminants. Because human stem cells have the properties to differentiate to microorganisms, they seem to be the most likely candidates to differentiate to microorganisms. Evidence suggests humans and other complex multi cellular organisms are giant sources of new microorganisms. Further experimental validation of this observation is necessary yet its potential benefits to study novel avenues to combat opportunistic infections may make it worthy of further scientific scrutiny in the near future.
論「乩」與道教內丹修煉之關聯-以精、氣、神的修煉探析
Authors: 張俊傑 張俊傑
Published: May 2022

根據鄭志明先生於《傳統宗教的文化詮釋－天地人鬼神五位一體》一書中對台灣「乩」種類的劃分，可知「乩」還有「童乩」、「靈乩」、「鸞乩」、「雜乩」、「聖乩」之別，其中「聖乩」作為乩身所追求的終極目標，已不只是某種特殊因緣下讓神明附體的工具，而是為強化自身心靈交感能力，達到與神明合一之自我體驗境地的「靈性修持者」。其排除穢氣、貫通氣場對於「身中神」的修煉，又與道教內丹學中對於人身精、氣、神的煉養功夫有著異曲同工之妙。故本論旨在整理不同「乩」身故事，探析其身、心、靈三方面之訓練與「內丹」精、氣、神煉養功夫其中的關聯性。並以此論試圖導正在台灣一直飽受負面評價之「乩童」與「靈乩」形象。

 
彰化「半線營盤」文學地景考據
Authors: 謝中一 謝中一
Published: May 2022

陳正祥（1958）以地名學而言，古代民族遷移或征伐的痕跡每見於地名之中，主張地名應視為文化遺址一部分加以研究。後林衡道（1996）提出大凡平埔族聚落因佔地利優勢，影響漢族移民必先雜居於番社，非自始別創新庄，故產生原漢雜處聚落。故地名可見諸臺灣開發史蹟。以《諸羅縣志》所載：「半線……鄭氏竊據時，各社半屬生番，偽將劉國軒立營於此。開闢後，以次內附。今之營柵，即國軒故營址。」此時鄭氏部將劉國軒已設營、軍屯於半線（彰化市）一帶，成為兵備與屯墾聚落人文景觀。今日民間藉康熙年半線社址的輿圖空間表述，另起半線營盤、半線莊同在白沙（今花壇鄉境內）說法。形成「半線志書」論與「白沙輿圖社南」論二派論述。而志書所云「半線營盤」究於何方？依康熙61年〔清〕黃叔璥〈晚次半線作〉的漢詩：「今茲半線遊……里社數百家，對宇復望衡……王化真無外，裸人雜我氓？」其中原漢雜處「里社」的文學記憶，可得見漢莊、番社同名半線的歷史表述。故本文擬透過文學地景、地名文獻，並佐以GIS（地理空間資訊），進行半線營盤、莊、社及相關「地名群」研究，探討古今地名對應關係，藉此揭示半線營盤真正位置所在。期盼對其他「個體」地名研究，帶來對照的史觀。

 
臺灣學運歌曲對文化霸權的反抗與塑造──以野百合學運為範圍
Authors: 陳盈安 陳盈安
Published: May 2022

1990年3月6日野百合學生運動（簡稱學運）促成廢除「動員戡亂時期臨時條款」、結束萬年不改選的「國民大會」運作，堪稱臺灣自由民主的重要推手。學運的成功除了仰賴學生的團結與自律，廣場上唱的歌曲也至關重要，諸如常見的抗議歌曲〈美麗島〉，乃至黑名單工作室特地為野百合學運所創作的〈我們不再等〉、〈感謝老賊〉，抗議歌曲代表學生渴求自由民主的心聲，同時藉由傳唱強化學運訴求的影響力。本篇論文欲以葛蘭西（AntonioGramsci,1891-1937）文化霸權中「陣地戰」之視角出發，藉由分析野百合學運中傳唱的抗議歌曲，觀察學生對抗文化霸權時，如何以歌曲號召反抗的意識形態，以及被統治階級（學生）如何藉著形塑自己的文化霸權（學運歌曲）以對抗統治階級的文化霸權。

 
Osteometric Study of Metapodial Bones and Phalanges as Indicators of the Behavioural Ecology of Modern Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and Implications for Reconstruction of Paleo Mobility
Authors: Galán López Ana , Costamagno Sandrine , Burke Ariane
Published: May 2022

Paleolithic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) played an important role for human populations in western and central Europe during much of the Paleolithic period. In southwestern France and in particular during the Magdalenian, reindeer frequently figures among the privileged prey of hunter-gatherer groups. However, and despite numerous attempts to reconstruct the migratory behavior of Paleolithic reindeer, there is no agreement on the degree of mobility of this prey. Modern ethological data indicate that reindeer herds adopt different mobility strategies depending on the type of habitat and the topography of the environment. Thus, our project (Emorph) aims to explore morphometric criteria (through metapodial bones and phalanges) in combination with cutting-edge methodologies like Machine Learning to identify the extent of reindeer migrations. Based initially on the study of modern caribou populations with distinct migratory behaviors, the results obtained could be applied to several Magdalenian assemblages from southwestern France in the future, with the goal of reconstructing the mobility of these tardiglacial reindeer.
Pengaruh Penerapan Sapta Pesona terhadap Kepuasan Pengunjung di Pantai Istana Amal Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara
Authors: Mega Sepriyanti Gede
Published: May 2022

Penerapan sapta pesona merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan dalam pengembangan industri pariwisata. Pantai Istana Amal merupakan destinasi wisata yang baru di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, diketahui bahwa terjadi peningkatan dan penurunan kunjungan wisatawan yang diakibatkan oleh pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan sapta pesona terhadap kepuasan pengunjung dan bagaimana sapta pesona dapat berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pengunjung di Pantai Istana Amal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data ini dianalisis dengan regresi linier sederhana dan menggunakan SPSS versi 25. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh wisatawan yang pernah berkunjung di Pantai Istana Amal. Menggunakan rumus lemeshow yang menghasilkan 100 responden dan non-probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Dari uji yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa (1) sapta pesona berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengunjung; dan (2) Pantai Istana Amal menunjukkan ciri diterapkannya sapta pesona dengan baik berdasarkan buku pedoman pokdarwis, yaitu : terjadinya peningkatan pengunjung, usaha pariwisata yang prospektif, dan bertambahnya lapangan pekerjaan.
Sino-US Trade War: Foreseeable Impact on Pakistan
Authors: Mian Ahmad Naeem Salik
Published: May 2022

Two major players in the world economic order – the US and China – are entangled in a foreseeably long and highly competitive trade war, one that could have serious implications for the global economy. It would rather act as a brake on the global growth at a time when economies in the developed world need to grow faster to pay down debts accumulated the since the financial crisis. Overall, there is an overwhelming evidence that trade has augmented in those developing countries where supportive policies have been in place. Over time, the countries have learned to balance trade policies with higher investment in infrastructure and education. With the global trading system under assault now, the question for developing countries is how to respond. The enhanced threat from a looming trade war scenario, consequently, is greater than the possible gain from the liberalisation of trade. These mitigating circumstances present a bleak picture not only for the two countries at the forefront of this crisis but for the entire international economy also, particularly for the developing countries like Pakistan. Thus, in the global economic discourse, the longstanding argument between trade protectionism and liberalisation has come to the fore once again.
Explaining the Components of Reflective Thinking Based on Fuzzy Topsis Analysis
Authors: Moradi Fateme , Mousavi Lida , Hosseini Sedigheh
Published: May 2022

Reflective thinking paradigm contains a set of trainings based on the pattern of mental tools and it helps its users to be able to present the educational materials in a framework that embraces the nature of thinking, various learning activities and the learning based on reflective, creative and critical forms of thinking. Reviewing of the related literature shows that most of the challenges are due to learning and learning-related factors. Accordingly, the present study examines the thinking level of senior postgraduate engineering students of Shahre- Rey University. For this purpose, the Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ) developed by Kember et al. (2000) was used. TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the thinking level of the subjects. The results showed that habitual action, which is one of the skills of reflective thinking, is ranked first and perception is ranked last, which means that the senior postgraduate engineering students learn superficially. It is suggested to ask professors and teachers to hold classes that train reflective thinking skills, so that they can be a good and appropriate model of using reflective thinking skills for their students. So that students can improve their thinking levels and succeed in their math problems solving and these learners have good academic progress.
Educação em tempos de pandemia: desafios docente no uso das ferramentas digitais
Authors: Papadopulos Sandra , Carvalho Francisley , Barbosa Anabela Aparecida Silva , Carvalho Rafael Nink de
Published: May 2022

O momento de isolamento social que o mundo está vivenciando levou os profissionais da educação a terem que se adaptar de forma abrupta à modalidade de ensino a distância. Nesse contexto, é de grande importância realizar estudos que possibilitem avaliar o preparo desses profissionais para atuar com as tecnologias que lhe foram disponibilizadas. Assim sendo, desenvolvemos esta pesquisa com professores de uma escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio no Município de Porto Velho, Rondônia, através de levantamento de dados, por meio de enquete/survey (Formulários Google). Onde foi possível identificar a necessidade de se repensar os cursos de formação pedagógica de forma a inserir disciplinas que contemplem o uso das tecnologias e metodologias aplicadas ao ensino a distância e a necessidade de apoio técnico tanto por parte da equipe pedagógica, quanto por uma equipe de Tecnologia da Informação para orientar e sanar problemas de hardware e software, possibilitando ao professor maior segurança e tempo para dedicar-se ao preparo de suas aulas, materiais pedagógicos e acompanhamento dos alunos.
Review
Authors: Singh Kavya , Singh Deepanshu , Mishra Nitin
Published: May 2022

Deep Learning is-one of the machine learning areas, applied in recent areas. Various techniques have been proposed depends on varieties of learning, including unsupervised, semi-supervised, and supervised-learning. Some of the experimental results proved that the deep learning systems are performed well compared to conventional machine learning systems in image processing, computer vision and pattern recognition. This paper provides a brief survey, beginning with Deep Neural Network (DNN) in Deep Learning area. The survey moves on-the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and its architectures, such as LeNet, AlexNet, GoogleNet, VGG16, VGG19, Resnet50 etc. We have included transfer learning by using the CNN’s pre-trained architectures. These architectures are tested with large ImageNet data sets. The deep learning techniques are analyzed with the help of most popular data sets, which are freely available in web. Based on this survey, conclude the performance of the system depends on the GPU system.
Reseña libro Afilar el lapicero. Guía de redacción para profesionales, de D. Cassany
Authors: Taritolay Analía Lorena
Published: May 2022

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Concepts and Principles of Contemporary Hypno-Psychotherapy
Authors: Giacomuzz Salvatore
Published: May 2022

Hypnosis is empirically well studied in its biological foundations and its therapeutic effectiveness. It is a recognised healing method in Austria, Switzerland and Germany. With the use of imaging techniques, it can be clearly shown that brain areas responsible for attention, visual imagination, critical evaluation and self-awareness change in their activity through hypnosis in such a way that the state of hypnotic trance differs markedly from both sleep and waking consciousness. The effects of hypnosis on the immune system as well as on affects have been confirmed. Basically, a fundamental distinction must be made between “therapeutic hypnosis”, hypnosis for therapeutic purposes, and “show hypnosis”, such as is shown in various entertainment performances. Therapeutic hypnosis” is in turn divided into different forms, namely “hypnotic psychotherapy”, “hypnotherapy” and “hypnosis”.
Primjena maloljetničkog prava u kaznenom postupku prema mlađim punoljetnicima
Authors: Carić Marina , Pleić Marija , Radić Ivana
Published: May 2022

Recentna znanstvena istraživanja pokazuju kako se proces sazrijevanja ličnosti mlade osobe u modernom društvu sve više produljuje i završava tek negdje oko sredine 20-ih godina života. Taj proces nije jednoličan te je zato teško jednoznačno odrediti formalnu dobnu granicu kaznenopravne odgovornosti u kronološkoj dobi. Upravo zato moderna kaznena zakonodavstva poznaju kategoriju mlađih punoljetnika kao jednu vrstu prijelaza iz maloljetničkog u opće kazneno zakonodavstvo, koja obuhvaća u pravilu osobe od navršenih 18 do navršene 21 godine života. Pravni položaj mlađih punoljetnika u Hrvatskoj reguliran je odredbama Zakona o sudovima za mladež. Opće je pravilo da prema mlađim punoljetnicima vrijede odredbe općeg kaznenog zakonodavstva, a pod uvjetima iz čl. 105. ZSM-a i pojedine odredbe maloljetničkog kaznenog zakonodavstva. U radu se analizira materijalnopravni i procesnopravni položaj mlađih punoljetnika u hrvatskom zakonodavstvu, a zatim daje prikaz poredbenopravnih rješenja nekih europskih zakonodavstava. U drugom dijelu rada prikazani su podaci o primjeni maloljetničkog pravau sudskoj praksi. Cilj je rada utvrditi na koji se način u praksi primjenjujuodredbe čl. 105. st. 1. ZSM-a, odnosno u kojoj se mjeri koriste mogućnostipredviđene ZSM-om u kaznenom postupku prema mlađim punoljetnicima. Iznose se zaključci o mogućnostima šire primjene maloljetničkog prava u domaćoj sudskoj praksi, ali ipak ne preširoke primjene, koja bi zamaglila granice maloljetništva i mlađeg punoljetništva, te se iznose neka rješenja de lege ferenda.
Nevladine organizacije i pojam actio popularis pred Europskim sudom za ljudska prava
Authors: Javorić Barić Danijel
Published: May 2022

Rad se bavi analizom položaja nevladinih organizacija kao podnositelja zahtjeva pred Europskim sudom za ljudska prava te pojmom actio popularis u svjetlu novije prakse Europskog suda za ljudska prava. Prvi dio rada analizira pokretanje postupaka pred Europskim sudom za ljudska prava, s naglaskom na dva ključna elementa pojedinačnih zahtjeva – kategorija podnositelja te status žrtve. U drugom se dijelu analizira položaj nevladinih organizacija u međunarodnom pravu, pri čemu će se osobita pozornost posvetiti položaju nevladinih organizacija pred međunarodnim sudskim mehanizmima. Središnji dio rada predstavlja analiza presude Centar za pravna istraživanja u ime Valentina Campeanua protiv Rumunjske, koja se smatra velikim iskorakom u pogledu zaštite najranjivijih skupina društva, ali je ujedno i otvorila pitanje uvođenja pojma actio popularis pred Europskim sudom za ljudska prava.
Sigurnosna mjera obveznog psihosocijalnog tretmana – izazovi u izvršavanju
Authors: Antolović Ljiljana , Barić Martina , Devčić Sanja
Published: May 2022

Sigurnosna mjera obveznog psihosocijalnog tretmana iz članka 70. Kaznenog zakona („Narodne novine“, broj 125/11, 144/12, 56/15, 61/15, 101/17, 118/18, 126/19 i 84/21) provodi se sukladno Pravilniku o izvršavanju psihosocijalnog tretmana izrečenog počinitelju kaznenog djela s obilježjem nasilja („Narodne novine“, broj 103/18) sa svrhom otklanjanja i sprječavanja daljnjeg nasilnog ponašanja počinitelja. Za provedbu, praćenje i nadzor izvršavanja psihosocijalnog tretmana nadležno je Stručno povjerenstvo, koje imenuje ministar nadležan za pravosuđe, a čiji su članovi predstavnici ministarstava nadležnih za pravosuđe, socijalnu politiku i zdravstvo, predstavnici akademske zajednice te predstavnici pravnih, odnosno fizičkih osoba specijaliziranih za otklanjanje nasilnog ponašanja (u daljnjem tekstu: pravne, odnosno fizičke osobe) iz reda stručnjaka koji neposredno izvršavaju psihosocijalni tretman i/ili sudjeluju u organizaciji izvršavanja psihosocijalnog tretmana. Sukladno citiranom Pravilniku psihosocijalni tretman izvršava se u zatvorskom sustavu, probaciji, u sustavu zdravstva te kod pravne, odnosno fizičke osobe, a provode ga stručnjaci psihijatri, psiholozi, socijalni pedagozi i socijalni radnici sukladno posebnim standardima. U članku se prikazuje način izvršavanja psihosocijalnog tretmana u različitim sustavima i izazovi u provedbi s kojima se suočavaju nadležne institucije i pravne osobe, odnosno stručnjaci koji izvršavaju tretman, te se iznose preporuke mjera i aktivnosti kojima je moguće doprinijeti daljnjem unaprjeđenju izricanja i izvršavanja psihosocijalnog tretmana radi ispunjavanja njegove svrhe.
Sudska kontrola zakonitosti dokaza pribavljenih posebnim dokaznim radnjama
Authors: Aljinović Nevena
Published: May 2022

Zakoniti nalog suca istrage neophodna je formalna komponenta za provođenje posebnih dokaznih radnji te ujedno i nužan preduvjet za zakonitost tako prikupljenih rezultata, o kojoj se vodi računa u nekoliko faza postupka. Kako u inicijalnoj fazi izdavanja naloga suca istrage sučevo uvjerenje o ispunjenju zakonskih uvjeta za nalaganje posebnih dokaznih radnji nitko ne može dovesti u pitanje s obzirom na to da ne postoji mogućnost podnošenja pravnog lijeka protiv izdanog naloga, to je tek u kasnijim fazama postupka na dispoziciji stranaka mogućnost da osporavaju njegovu zakonitost. Navedena se okolnost može istaknuti kako pred sudom prvog stupnja povodom prijedloga za izdvajanjem iz spisa nezakonitih dokaza prikupljenih posebnim dokaznim radnjama temeljem manjkavog naloga suca istrage tako i pred Vrhovnim sudom Republike Hrvatske povodom žalbe na rješenje prvostupanjskog suda kojim je takav prijedlog obrane odbijen. Nalogom suca istrage nužno je adekvatno obrazložiti sve konkretne okolnosti slučaja koje će potvrditi postojanje osnove sumnje protiv osumnjičenog u pogledu počinjenja kataloškog kaznenog djela, a posebno razloge zbog kojih se izvidi nisu mogli provesti na drugi, manje nametljiv način. Slijedom navedenog postavlja se pitanje rezultira li izostanak obrazloženja ili (čak) manjkavosti u obrazloženju naloga suca istrage, poput odsutnosti konkretizacije okolnosti koje opravdavaju primjenu posebnih dokaznih radnji, nezakonitošću tako prikupljenih dokaza. Ovo je istraživanje usredotočeno na sudsku praksu, a provedeno je pretraživanjem online-baze Vrhovnog suda Republike Hrvatske u kontekstu nezakonitih dokaza, napose rezultata provedenih posebnih dokaznih radnji. Također je putem online-baze analizirana praksa ESLJP-a u predmetima protiv Republike Hrvatske u kontekstu povrede konvencijskog prava na zaštitu privatnog i obiteljskog života iz čl. 8. EKLJP-a, upravo iz razloga nedostatne obrazloženosti naloga suca istrage, odnosno nedostatne sudske kontrole, ali i čl. 6. EKLJP-a koji igra važnu ulogu u domeni aposteriorne sudske kontrole u kontekstu pravičnosti postupka budući da upotreba dokaza pribavljenih kršenjem konvencijskog prava iz čl. 8. EKLJP-a može otvoriti pitanje povrede pravičnosti postupka iz čl. 6. EKLJP-a. Na podlozi provedenih istraživanja iznjedren je zaključak da je sudska kontrola zakonitosti dokaza pribavljenih posebnim dokaznim radnjama adekvatan i aktivan zaštitni mehanizam, no da se u praksi ipak pojavljuju određena pitanja koja potražuju argumentirane odgovore. Neke od tih odgovora nudi i ovaj rad te se u tom pogledu sumiraju zaključci i sintetiziraju konkretna rješenja.