bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Horrors of Colonialism: A Special Reference to Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide
Authors:   Dyal Singh College, Karnal
Published: July 2022

Indian abroad are not just people abroad. They are bundles of attitudes, convictions, anxieties, shared notions, fears and anticipations, all of which are Indians in their very texture. The links of Indian with India when in abroad is many times stronger than that of many other nationalities in similar situations. “Members of the family” for the Indians abroad includes different kinds of relatives with considerable and pronounced detachment in attitude and affection generally maintains a strong sense of belonging to India. Two aspects about Indian Diaspora need to be emphasized: first, though abroad, Indian Diaspora is the product of Indian socio- political-cultural complex; second, it is not insulated against what goes on taking place in the mother country. Indian Diaspora continued and still goes on unabated, including skilled workers, businessmen, professionals, scientists and men and women of different cultures. The first generation of Diaspora has made their mark in many fields of activities in so many countries of the world.
Social Theories about the Disability of Autism
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Special Education and Training (FEK 1603 / 31.12.2018, vol. C), Department of Philology, School of Humanities and Cultural Studies, University of Peloponnese
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the question arises as to whether modern social theories about education make sense, among other things, of the identity of the person who is a carrier of the disability of autism. The critical view for a common educational "place" regarding the specificity of lifelong disability is attempted to be understood through the deficit in the education of social skills and the identity of the person with autism. The dominant characteristic of the invisible disability of autism is examined based on Goffman's theoretical views on the social construction of "stigma", and of Bourdieu on the social reproduction of unequal relationships. In the complex of special education and training, social considerations often discuss the clinical approach without overlooking the importance of establishing social relations in the identity of the person with autism.
Attitude towards Rape and Its Victim: Voice of Indian Young Adults
Authors:   State Aided College Teacher, Department of Anthropology, Shyampur Shiddheswari Mahavidyalaya, Ajodhya, Howrah, West Bengal, Pin- 711312.
Published: July 2022

Rape is one of the most alarming issues at present in India. The central point of this paper is to obtain different perceptions of rape and rape victims through the lens of gender stereotyping. This empirical study involves in-depth interviews of hundred young adults living in West Bengal, India. This paper deals with the perception and motives of this heinous crime, as measured by young adults. Attitude towards rape victim scale has been used to measure the outlook of young adults towards the victim. Female participants of the studied group have explained the term rape as an imposition of unwanted social stigma whereas, male respondents expressed as the commodification of sex. The contrasting gender ideologies reflect the psychological trauma and objectification of sex. Women have more sympathetic attitudes towards the victim than the men.
La responsabilidad de los organismos públicos en caso de accidentes de los trabajadores de las empresas de intermediación laboral
Authors: Morales Rivadeneyra Bruno Jairo
Published: July 2022

La problemática circunscrita en los organismos públicos da a conocer una falta de regulación para aquellos casos de accidentes laborales en empresas de intermediación laboral. Tanto la normativa sobre la materia, la Ley n.o 27626 y su Reglamento, promulgado por el Decreto Supremo n.o 003-2002-TR, muestran una gran diferencia, y es que en la primera no se menciona nada sobre los organismos públicos, lo que da carta abierta a interpretaciones sobre la materia y la consecuente desprotección de los trabajadores que sufren accidentes laborales. Ante esta situación, nos preguntamos qué genera dicha problemática, pues su impacto es importante porque de resolverse se podría determinar la responsabilidad solidaria al no cumplir con las obligaciones mínimas para brindar control, seguridad y salud al trabajador, quien es pieza fundamental de toda empresa o institución, ya que el valor y el carácter humano están protegidos por nuestra Carta Magna, en la que se menciona que el trabajo es un derecho fundamental.
España apuesta por transiciones sostenibles: el Mecanismo RED en la reforma laboral de 2021-2022
Authors: Bini Stefano
Published: July 2022

El artículo propone un estudio crítico sobre un perfil específico de la reforma laboral, recientemente introducida en el ordenamiento jurídico español: el Mecanismo RED de flexibilidad y estabilización del empleo, instrumento innovador para la gestión inclusiva de las transiciones profesionales. Asimismo, se presta especial atención al papel clave de la formación y de la recualificación de las personas que trabajan.
Comparison of the Hemodynamic Changes in Normotensive and Severe Preeclamptic Pregnant Woman Posted For Cesarean Section under Spinal Anaesthesia
Authors: Kumar Ashwani , Gupta Heena . , Gupta Shipra
Published: July 2022

Background: Spinal anesthesia is widely considered a technique of choice for cesarean delivery. But due to fear of sudden and extensive sympathetic blockade, spinal anesthesia may not be considered safe in severe preeclampsia. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), incidence of hypotension, phenyl ephrine requirement and neonatal outcome between normotensive and severe pre-eclamptic women undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Material and Methods: A total of 35 severe pre-eclamptic (BP > 160/110 mmHg) 3(Group A) and 35 healthy parturients (group B), meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. After preloading with 10 ml/kg of ringer lactate (RL) solution spinal anesthesia was administered with 12.5 mg of hyper baric bupivacaine. Heart rate and blood pressure were recorded before spinal anesthesia and thereafter at 3 minute intervals upto 60 minutes. Hypotension was defined as MAP LESS,THAN 30% of the baseline or a decrease in SBP to LESS THAN 100 mm Hg over the same time interval and was treated with 50 mcg phenylephrine intravenously (i.v). Apgar score was noted 1 and 5 min after birth. Results: The incidence rate of hypotension among the preeclamptic patients was lower than that of the healthy parturients (55.6% vs. 34.1%). The minimum SBP, DBP, and MAP recorded were lower in normotensive, and the difference between two groups was statistically significant. The mean phenylephrine requirement in the normotensive group (151.1 ± 70) was significantly greater (P LESS THAN 0.0001) than that of pre-eclamptic group (48.3 ± 35). The total doses of IV Phenylephrine for treating hypotension were significantly lower among the preeclamptic patients (72 mcg in preeclamptic patients versus 188 mcg in normotensive patients) (P LESS THAN 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the neonatal outcome and Apgar score in the study groups. Conclusion: Pre-eclamptics experienced less hypotension following subarachnoid block (SAB) than normotensives and required less phenylephrine with comparable fetal Apgar scores.
Corticosteroidal Clinical Efficacy In Combating Cytokine Storm In Hospitalized Covid-19 Infected Patients
Authors: Hasan Adnan   Aref Mosleh , Al-Qatarneh Mohammad Nayef Mufleh , Alrabadi Rami  Farah Mfadi , Obeidat Mohammed Ali Mahmoud
Published: July 2022

Objectives: It appears that corticosteroidal agents, including Dexamethasone and Methylprednisolone, are the cost-effective therapeutic regarding positive clinical outcomes. The present study aims to explore the comparative positive clinical impacts of 6 mg and 12 mg IV Dexamethasone (DEX Cohorts) versus 20 mg and 40 mg Methylprednisolone (MET Cohorts) in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (MVICU) SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Methods: An observational retrospective study was processed on admitted MVICU affected COVID-19 patients between Mar 2020 and Sep 2021. A One-Way ANOVA and Chi Square Tests were conducted to analyze the retrievable patients’ comparative data and to investigate the primary tested clinical outcomes of ICU length of stay and overall, 28-day ICU mortality rate. Results: The overall mean age in SARSO-CoV-2 infected patients was 59.80 ±10.74 years with significantly Male to Female distributed ratio of 2.42: 1. The shock index was significantly lower in the MET Cohorts compared with DEX Cohorts with Mean±SD of (1.12±0.03 bpm/mmHg and 1.22±0.04 bpm/mmHg) vs (1.29±0.17 bpm/mmHg and 1.31±0.23 bpm/mmHg). During an average of 13.40±4.79 days and 19.67±6.81 days of the ICU and hospital stay days, the overall-28-day ICU mortality rate was stated on 136 (55.97%). Conclusion: Higher daily doses of either Dexamethasone (6 mg Q 12 hrs) or Methylprednisolone (40 mg Q 12 hrs) have significantly favorable positive outcomes [Dexamethasone>Methylprednisolone] when compared to lower daily doses of Dexamethasone (6 mg Q 24 hrs) or Methylprednisolone (20 mg Q 12 hours) [Methylprednisolone>Dexamethasone].
Evaluation of the status Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Using Sintenal-2 Satellite Data of Sulaymaniyah (Iraq)
Authors: Mohsen Mahdi Hadi
Published: July 2022

The study was conducted on the ground covers in Sulaymaniyah district, northeastern Iraq located between longitudes (45°0'0"E) (45°20'0"E) and latitudes (35°50'0"N) (36°50'0"N), Remote sensing and GIS techniques were used, using Sentinel-2 satellite image data, with a spatial resolution of 10 meters. The results of the study showed that there are six ground covers: (Shrub and Grassland and natural pastures and agricultural areas ranked first, followed by rocky lands and barren lands, sparse vegetation covers, urban areas, dense vegetation cover, which form part of coniferous forests, and water). And in percentages (24%, 22%, 17%, 14%, 10.9% and 10.2%) respectively. Overall accuracy of 86% and Kappa Coefficient 0.82. These results are consistent with the reality of the study area.
Hearing and Visual Challenges Of ICU Nurses Due to Protective Equipment in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Uğur Ömer , Tire Yasin
Published: July 2022

Background: Personal protective equipment is the most crucial weapon of health workers against COVID 19, which is confirmed by reporting increased infection and death rates in health workers because they could not reach adequate Personal protective equipment. Aims: We planned to conduct a questionnaire study aiming to evaluate the effects that may occur on the hearing and vision abilities of nurses. Design This study investigated the effectiveness of protective equipment for hearing and vision loss in intensive care nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic (N=102) by a survey. Method: The study was applied to the Covid-19 intensive care unit nurses by obtaining their consent via the internet. Results: As a result, 13.7% of the nurses stated that they experienced communication problems due to hearing loss due to protective equipment. In addition, 56.9% of the participants stated that they had difficulty working due to the evaporation caused by the protective equipment. Finally, the rate of the nurses who noted that the protective equipment blocked them from doing their work in cases such as cardiopulmonary arrest was 28.4%. Conclusions: As a result, in our study, it was found that the equipment used in Covid-19 intensive care units caused hearing and visual communication and working difficulties on nurses.
An Assessment Of The Challenges Of Adoption Of Quantitative Models In Decision Making By Small And Medium Scale Enterprises In Nigeria
Authors: Etim Etim Osim , Umoffong Nsima Johnson , Confidence Ihenyen Joel
Published: July 2022

The complexity of managerial decision require that careful analysis be made to avoid making wrong decisions and avoid heavy losses. Whether a manufacturing firm, service organisation, or e- commerce business, available resources have to be maximized optimally otherwise, the erratic failure is clouded with uncertainty. As a result of this, organisational decision making should not be made on the basis of trial and error or rule of thumb approach. In today’s business world, several scientific and analytical management techniques have been developed and applied in the decision making process. The successful application of these techniques could help small and medium enterprises attain high efficiency and operational effectiveness. This study adopts an empirical review of literatures as well as a conceptual approach to analyse the various challenges faced by small and medium sized businesses in the adoption of quantitative models in making their business decisions. Managers of entities should ensure collection of adequate and accurate data for analyses to enhance decision-making.
Patrimônio sobre rodas: antigomobilismo, memórias e distinção social em Viçosa - Minas Gerais
Authors:   , Silveira Victor de Souza
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho traz uma discussão sobre os desdobramentos do antigomobilismo, movimento onde são cultuados os automóveis antigos e artefatos da história da indústria automobilística. A pesquisa parte da proposta de fazer uma contextualização histórica do movimento, passando pelo precursor do antigomobilismo, que é o colecionismo. Também se fez necessária uma contextualização da implementação da indústria automotiva no Brasil e de como a mesma influenciou vários comportamentos na sociedade brasileira, dentre eles, usar os automóveis para exibir sua posição social e poder. O estudo vem, desta forma, identificar as pessoas que iniciaram este movimento e suas origens. Também buscamos entender quais são os esforços e iniciativas dos grupos de colecionadores e entusiastas, bem como do Estado, da indústria automobilística e dos órgãos vinculados ao patrimônio histórico e cultural no intuito de fomentar a cultura e a preservação destes artefatos através de ações como legislações, museus, eventos, etc. As motivações para que as pessoas encabecem o movimento antigomobilista passam por várias frequências como: resgate de memórias afetivas, reserva financeira, preservação de resquícios do patrimônio industrial e distinção social em uma sociedade que cultua os automóveis e os utiliza para simbolizar seu prestígio e poder financeiro. Para buscar entender o movimento, foi feita uma pesquisa de campo com os sujeitos da pesquisa residentes na cidade de Viçosa – MG, cidade que tem uma longa história com automóveis e local onde se formaram pequenos grupos de entusiastas e colecionadores de carros antigos, autointitulados antigomobilistas. Desta forma, foi feita uma pesquisa de campo coletando dados nas atividades destes grupos através de entrevistas e observação participante durante eventos e reuniões, a qual revelou que os resultados da motivação para se participar deste movimento permeiam questões ligadas às memórias afetivas, ao desejo de preservação do patrimônio e também de distinção social. Palavras-chave: Antigomobilismo. Cultura. Memória. Distinção Social.
Exploring students' feelings of place
Authors:   Monash University, Webb Susan , Knight Elizabeth ,   Victoria University, Black Rosalyn ,   Deakin University, Roy Reshmi ,   Deakin University
Published: July 2022

Geographically unequal distribution of opportunities for participation in post-school education particularly affects young people in rural and regional areas of Australia. This study contends that the perception of opportunities by young people from low socio-economic status backgrounds should be considered alongside the distribution of opportunities, in order to understand how place and social mobility are intertwined in the reproduction of inequality. Drawing on data about post-school transitions in peri-urban and rural areas of Australia, our study shows that understandings of a sense of belonging to a rural place of origin and the attraction of nature and the outdoors are intrinsic to understanding young people's educational mobilities. Despite a growing interest in the more emotional aspects of mobility, including the concept of 'emotional topographies' and issues of dislocation and belonging, the spatial contingency of student identities and their effects on participation are only just beginning to be manifested in an ontological shift in scholarship. Educational mobilities and the sense of place have been tested by the impact of the 2020 global pandemic. By deepening understanding of how students from rural areas frame their educational choices, this study offers a progression in thinking about dislocation and belonging in the interactions of post-school transitions. Arguably, a broader emotional geographical sense of belonging is needed to understand the experiences of rural students and their mobility or immobility. This broader conceptualisation may indicate new research directions for urban research.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗРАБОТКИ СТРАТЕГИЙ ДЛЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА
Authors:   Комплексный научно-исследовательский институт  им. Х.И. Ибрагимова РАН, САЛГИРИЕВ ЭМИР РУСЛАНОВИЧ , ИЛЬЯСОВА КАРИНА ХАСАНОВНА ,   Чеченский государственный педагогический университет, ЭЛЬБИЕВА ЛАРИСА РЕЗВАНОВНА ,   Чеченский государственный университет им. А.А. Кадырова
Published: July 2022

Школа молодых новаторов: Сборник научных статей 3-й Международной научной конференции перспективных разработок молодых ученых (17 июня 2022 года), в 3-х томах, Том 1, Юго-Зап. гос. ун-т., Курск: Юго-Зап. гос. ун-т., 2022, - 387 с.
THE EFFECT OF PHSYCO EDUCATION ON POST PARTUM DEPRESSION: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Luthfia Erien , Atmaja Hadi Kusuma
Published: July 2022

Background: The responsibility that is carried out as a mother after giving birth to a baby becomes a conflict within women. Some mothers fail to adapt to these changes and experience psychological problems. The existence of various potential stresses in pregnancy and childbirth may be the cause. This condition is known as postpartum depression. Early detection and good early treatment is needed to prevent more severe depression. This study aims to determine the effect of phsyco on the incidence of post partum depression.Methods: This study used a literature review design by collecting data from a computerized database search study (PubMed, BMC, Cochrain, Google Scholar) in the form of research journals and review articles in the last ten years.Results: Based on the various literature reviews that have been presented, there is an effect that offers Phsyco Education on post partum depression.Conclusions: there is an effect of educational interventions on the incidence of post partum depression. It is hoped that the next researchers will use the basic data of this literature review as a reference frame for further research and provide initial information for the development of similar research.
EFFECT EXPLICIT METHOD INSTRUCTION HEALTH EDUCATION SPRAIN ON FIRST AID UKM FUTSAL IN STIKES HUTAMA ABDI HUSADA TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Suciati Suciati , Purnomo Purnomo , Surtini Surtini , Antika Pindi Yuli
Published: July 2022

Sprain most often occurs in a various sport, futsal is one sport that often causes injury, that is sprain. Sprain injuries will get the worse if not done first aids correctly.  Sprain can occur due to excessive physical stress, sudden or repeated overuse of joints, sepecially in futsal athletes injury that is the tearing of the ligament (tissue that connects bones to bones) or joint capsule that causes instability in the joint. Clinical manifestations include pain, inflammation or inflammation, and some cases of inability to move the limbs. Method explisit instruction health education is one of the firt aids in sprain. The research to determine of effect method explisit instruction health education on the attitude first aids futsal sport in STIKes hutama abdi husada tulungagung.This study design is a pre experiement with the pre – post test design with the population is a member of the futsal sport in STIKes Hutama Abdi Husada Tulungagung. Study found that the attitudes of members of futsal before being given health education, most respondents were 23 respondents (57.5%) had a negative attitude. And after being given health education mostly of the respondents, as many as 28 respondents (70%) have a positive attitude. Based on Wilcoxon statistical test results obtained p 0.000 <α 0.05 so that H0 is rejected, which means there is an influence of health education explicit instruction method on the attitude of first aid sprain. Study after the health education method explicit instruction about first aid sprain there is an increase in the attitude of members of UKM futsal . This research can be used as one of the sources of information expected by members of UKM futsal  to be able to apply the first aid sprain attitude that has been given by health workers and to find out the actions when someone experiences a sprain.
THE EFFECT OF RIVALRY CIBLING WITH SOCIAL ADAPTATION OF CHILDREN 11-12 YEARS OLD
Authors: Pitaloka Dyah , Cahyani Arum
Published: July 2022

The age of 11-12 years of children is in school age where at this age the influence of peer groups has begun to dominate the child, this makes social development at this age obtained from their interactions with other people at school. The failure of social adaptation in school will have bad consequences such as feeling unhappy and disliking yourself. Social adaptation can be influenced by several factors, one of which is sibling rivalry. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sibling rivalry and the social adaptability of children aged 11-12 years.The research method used was a cross-sectional study approach, the population used was children aged 11-12 years at SDN Sidorejo 1 Tuban who had 35 younger siblings according to the inclusion criteria, with a sample size of 32 respondents who were determined using simple random sampling technique. The independent variable in this study is sibling rivalry, while the dependent variable is social adaptability. The instrument used in data collection was a questionnaire. The research analysis used the phie coefficient test.The results showed that there was an influence between sibling rivalry and social adaptability. This is evidenced by the results of the statistical analysis test, the coefficient of phie α = 0.05, obtained  = 0.000 where  <0.05, then H1 is accepted that there is a relationship between sibling rivalry and social adaptability with a value of (r) = 0.663. Based on the results of this study, schools can pay more attention to helping children make social adaptations, especially for children who experience sibling rivalry.
ANALISIS FAKTOR LIFE STYLE TERHADAP RESIKO HIPERTENSI
Authors: Agustin Nurul , Asnaningsih Ambar
Published: July 2022

Hypertension is a silent killer, because it occurs without any symptoms or is asymptomatic. Hypertension can occur due to several risk factors, namely family history, poor living habits, poor dietary patterns and poor sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of zumba dance and aerobic exercise on controlling blood pressure which is influenced by lifestyle behavior in the community. The research design used in this study is descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach. This study uses Cluster Sampling with a population of 560 people. The data collection instrument used a closed questionnaire which was processed through the process of editing, coding, scoring, tabulating. After that, it was analyzed with Chi Square statistical test using SPSS. So, H1 accepte, it mean there is a relationship between nutritional status, physical activity, sleep quantity, smoking habits, consumption of coffee, and stress on the risk of hypertension.
HUBUNGAN STRATEGI COPING DENGAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI REMAJA DI SMP TAHFIDZ KHAIRUNNAS TUBAN
Authors: Faizah Hanim nur , Basuki Hyan Oktodia , Karyo Karyo
Published: July 2022

Adaptation in adolescents involves the occurrence of individuals with their ability to be able to accept themselves with the surrounding environment related to how to overcome problems using the coping process. This study aims to look at the use of coping strategies with adjustment in seventh grade adolescents in the Khairunnas Tahfidz Middle School Entrepreneur.This type of research is correlational using a cross sectional time approach with a population of 89 adolescents  selected by simple random sampling found 73 adolescents. The independent variable is the coping strategy and the dependent is the adjustment that is measured using the contingency coefficient test.The results of research conducted on seventh grade adolescent Tahfidz Middle School Entrepreneur Khairunnas Tuban after being analyzed using SPSS 23 it is known that the Contingency Coefficient test is ρ = 0,000 and the value of r =0.523 (0.5) means it shows the value of ρ <α (0,000 <0.05) which means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, there  is a relationship between coping strategies and adjustment in the seventh grade teenagers of the Tahfidz Middle School Entrepreneur Khairunnas Tuban.From the description above it can be concluded that there is a relationship between coping strategies with adolescent VII grade adolescents in the Tahfidz Middle School Khairunnas Entrepreneur with results based on the Contingency Coefficient Test obtained ρ = 0,000 with a significance level of r = 0.05
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG DIABETES MELLITUS DENGAN PERILAKU MENGONTROL GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS KAUMAN KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Masruroh Eny , Islamy Aesthetica
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires long-term health care. Understanding the disease is very important in efforts to control disease behavior so that patients can live longer with a good quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge about DM and behavior to control blood sugarThe type of research is correlational analytic with a cross sectional approach. The research instrument was in the form of a questionnaire. The population is DM patients at the Kauman Public Health Center, Tulungagung Regency. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique of 30 respondents. Data were analyzed by Spearman Rho test. The results showed that (50%) of respondents had knowledge in the good category, and (60%) of respondents had good behavior about controlling blood sugar. Spearman Rho statistical test results obtained P Value = 0.000 <0.05 so H1 is accepted, which means that there is a relationship between Knowledge about DM and Blood Sugar Control Behavior. It can be concluded that the knowledge of DM patients about the disease is very influential on behavior in controlling blood sugar so that health promotion efforts must continue to be improved in order to maintain health and quality of life.
person or the issue? Relational process, person- and idea- targeted questions in UK and Ghanaian parliamentary questions
Authors: Sarfo-Kantankah Kwabena Sarfo
Published: July 2022

Using parliamentary questions as data and a corpus-assisted systemic functional approach through Wordsmith Tools, this paper, with specific reference to relational processes, explores yes/no interrogatives in order to establish how MPs encode in their questions issues of attitudes, commitments, personalities and ideas of (Prime) Ministers during Ghanaian Minister’s and UK Prime Minister’s Questions. The paper finds that MPs use yes/no interrogatives with relational processes to describe (Prime) Ministers as carriers of certain attributes relating to their positions and responsibilities, while some of the questions are issue- focused. To achieve this, MPs employ two main questioning strategies: person-targeted and idea-targeted pragmatic strategies, thereby raising issues of (Prime) Ministers’ credibility and commitment to duty. The paper has implications for parliamentary questions, party politics and MPs’ and (Prime) Ministers’ duties as representatives of their constituents.
A new locality of the violet copper Lycaena helle ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) on the Balkan Peninsula
Authors: Langourov Mario , Raeburn Hilary
Published: July 2022

In the present article we summarised all known information on the species Lycaena helle ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) from the Balkan Peninsula. A new locality of the species is given, where it is syntopic and synchronic with Clossiana eunomia (Esper, [1799]).
Arborists and Insect Control: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Nielsen David
Published: July 2022

Arborists relied on cultural manipulation and plantsmanship more than insecticides to maintain healthy landscape trees and shrubs prior to the 1950's in the U.S. Availability of inexpensive and extremely effective synthetic organic insecticides, beginning after World War II, caused tree managers to rely more heavily on routine application of insecticides instead of tree health care methods to minimize pest damage. Arboriculture in the 21st century will employ proven tree health care tactics to enhance the urban forest while reducing pesticide exposure and risk to humans and other non-target organisms. Arborists and institutional researchers are encouraged to work together to develop sound scientific information on which to base cultural recommendations for improving tree health, thereby reducing maintenance costs associated with insect control.
Stress Management for Trees
Authors: Tattar Terry
Published: July 2022

Excessive stress is a common cause of tree mortality in the urban environment. People must take positive steps to minimize and avoid stress on trees if urban shade trees are to survive and grow.
Materials for Potential Use in Sunscald Prevention
Authors: Litzow Margaret , Pellett Harold
Published: July 2022

Sunscald is a major problem on many shade trees during winters when wide daily temperature fluctuations occur. Various protective materials were tested to determine their effectiveness in preventing rapid temperature changes under alternating sunny and shady conditions. Foylon 7018 and Ross TreeGards were significantly better than the control in preventing a drop in cambial temperature 15-19 minutes after shading.
Job Analysis: A Management Tool for Instituting Management by Objectives
Authors: Love Harold , Long Don
Published: July 2022

Job analysis is a procedure for developing and defining duties, authorities and controls for each person in the arboricultural firm. It also examines the resources needed so that each person can accomplish his job including personnel training programs. The job analysis should start with the manager's position and move sequentially down the organizational chart.
Why Large Trees are Difficult to Transplant
Authors: Whitcomb Carl
Published: July 2022

Southern magnolia trees from 1 to 5 inch stem diameter were evaluated for total stem surface area. The square inches of stem surface area show that a one inch diameter magnolia has approximately 580 square inches whereas a 3 inch tree has 5,200 square inches and a 5 inch tree has in excess of 25,000 square inches. This emphasizes the importance of stored carbohydrate reserves in the stems and roots prior to transplanting. The larger the tree the more critical the stored reserves and the demand for stored reserves immediately following transplanting. A schematic diagram of the sequence of events following transplanting is included.
Correlating Tree Disturbances, Tree Work, and Tree Budgets
Authors: Ulrich Eric
Published: July 2022

Tree-caused disturbances to electric facilities are the only reason utilities trim trees. The amount of tree work done by a utility as to what trees are maintained, what clearance is acquired, and how often the work must be repeated is directly related to the tree-caused interruptions experienced. Tree budgets are merely the funds required to obtain the amount of line clearance required to hold tree disturbances to a tolerable level. The purpose of this paper is to show how these basic criteria can be correlated to project accurate and meaningful budgets and measure the accomplishment toward that chosen objective.
Biology and Management of Clearwing Borers in Woody Plants
Authors: Potter D.A. , Timmons G.M.
Published: July 2022

Clearwing borers are injurious and difficult to control pests of woody ornamental plants. Diagnosis and general control practices for borers are discussed. Emergence and flight periods, based on trapping studies with synthetic sex attractants, are reported for six common clearwing borers, and optimal treatment dates are projected. Research indicates that trees with certain characteristics, such as bark injuries or exposure to full sun, are especially prone to infestation. Proper site selection and tree management can help to prevent borer problems.
Problems Affecting Urban Trees in Quebec City
Authors: Rocray et Associes Dery
Published: July 2022

The study of approximately 5,000 trees growing in the Quebec City area permitted the identification of the major problems related to the urban environment. These trees include ornamentals, those they grow along streets, and those in urban parks and woods. The results show that abiotic diseases are far more important and cause much greater damage than biotic diseases.
Growth, Survival, and Sex Expression in Ginkgo
Authors: Santamour Frank , He Shan-an , Ewert Thomas
Published: July 2022

Only 56% of 638 field-planted ginkgo survived in Virginia after 34 to 52 years. Average growth of all trees was 39.2 feet in height and 9.2 inches in diameter, and there were no significant differences between trees of different ages or different sexes. The sex ratio was approximately 1:1, but 58 trees still had not been observed to flower. Four trees were considered to be monoecious, with a few female flowers produced on trees that were predominately male.
Tree Growth Retardation by Injection of Chemicals
Authors: Domir Subhash , Roberts Bruce
Published: July 2022

A long term study was conducted to evaluate growth retardation capabilities of potential plant growth regulators for landscape trees. These investigations were carried out in the greenhouse and at several geographic field locations with different climatic conditions. A portable, airpowered equipment system was used for injecting field trees with low volumes of highly concentrated aqueous growth regulator solutions. One- to two-year-old seedlings of approximately 25 species were tested under greenhouse conditions. Twelve chemicals were screened as potential growth retardants. The most consistently effective chemicals tested over a wide range of tree species were maleic hydrazide, dikegulacsodium, and DOWCO 391. At appropriate concentrations, these chemicals controlled sprout regrowth in most species without unacceptable phytotoxicity. Using the pressure injection technique, maleic hydrazide and dikegulac were tested for their control effectiveness on 14 species in 12 states and 17 cities. Both chemicals were successful in controlling growth of almost all species for one year. In several instances regrowth was controlled for two growing seasons following treatment. Generally, dikegulac was more consistent than maleic hydrazide in generating a growth retardation response. Field studies show that significant regrowth variability exists among trees treated with a given dosage of chemical. This variability may be attributed to environmental and/or plant factors. In order to obtain similar growth control effects for identical species located at various geographical locations, different concentrations of the same chemical may be needed.
An Evaluation of Holden Arboretum's Shade Tree Collection
Authors: Morton H.L. , Fehrenbach William
Published: July 2022

Two hundred eleven trees had been identified from 23 literature sources as suitable for use in urban areas. An examination of the tree collection at Holden Arboretum identified 33 trees previously unrecommended which may be suitable for urban use. A number of these performed well at the Arboretum, but several performed below expectations in the same setting.
Promotion of Wound Closure in Shade Trees with Exogenously-Applied Growth Regulators
Authors: Gallagher Peter , Sydnor T. Davis
Published: July 2022

In a trial of three growth regulators in aqueous solutions at four concentrations on wounds of Acer rubrum 'Bowhall', 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, (2,4-D) at 1,000 mg/l initially increased the closure rate. However, this effect was no longer significant by the end of the season. Ethephon and benzyl adenine (BA) were ineffective at lower concentrations and inhibitory to closure at 1,000 mg/l. In a follow-up study with 2,4-D, both the carrier solvent (47% ethanol) and 2,4-D at 10,000 mg/l were phytotoxic. Five auxins were applied to aqueous solutions, each at four concentrations, to wounds of Populus X androscoggin in a greenhouse. Dicamba, 2,4-D, IAA and IBA initially stimulated closure rate at 1,000 mg/l. Picloram showed a similar stimulus at 10 mg/l, but was phytotoxic at higher concentrations.
Woody-Plant Succession in the Urban Forest: Filling Cracks and Crevices
Authors: Santamour Frank
Published: July 2022

The two most successful "pioneer" tree species in an abandoned urban brickyard were cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and ailanthus (Ailanthus altissima). Woody plants of 1 6 genera were found in the area 10 years after abandonment and the presence or absence of species is discussed in relation to current planting practices.
Checklist of Cultivars of North American Ash (Fraxinus) Species
Authors: Santamour Frank , McArdle Alice
Published: July 2022

Cultivars of 7 species of Fraxinus native to North America are described and discussed: F. americana, F. latifolia, F. nigra, F. pennsylvanica, F. quadrangulata, F. uhdei, and F. velutina.
Planting Techniques for Tree Spade Dug Trees
Authors: Birdel Robert , Whitcomb Carl , Appleton B.L.
Published: July 2022

New growth on Japanese black pines and Hopa flowering crabapples was greater on tree-spade-dug trees transplanted into back-hoe dug holes than on tree-spade-dug trees transplanted into holes dug and modified in other ways. This study suggests that a large volume of well-aerated backfill will reduce transplanting stress.
Targets for Proper Tree Care
Authors: Shigo Alex
Published: July 2022

Proper tree care starts with a thorough understanding of trees and the many treatments used to help trees stay attractive, safe, and healthy. In the real working world of trees, it is almost impossible to do all the needed treatments perfectly all the time. A professional arborist must know what proper tree care is. Each part of each procedure for proper tree care becomes a target. I believe that the degree of professionalism of an arborist centers about knowing where the targets are, and how to hit them. The clearer the targets are to you, the better your chances of hitting them more often. I try here to clarify further some of the targets for proper tree care.
Microcomputer Databases for Data Management in Urban Forestry
Authors: Barker Philip
Published: July 2022

Urban forestry records of individual trees stored as a data base in a microcomputer can be widely utilized. The data accessed can be used to generate reports of various information to aid in decision making. A report of past and projected maintenance expenses for each tree species in a geographic area is an example. Momentary display of data on a video screen can be used to support immediate response to telephone inquiries.
Estimating Root Length Densities Around Transplanted Container-Grown Plants
Authors: Barnett David , Paul J.L. , Harris R.W. , Henderson D.W.
Published: July 2022

A simple method is described for measuring root length densities and is applied to the study of root distributions around transplanted container-grown plants. Roots were separated from core samples using a soil elutriation system and counted using Tennant's line intersect method. The elutriation system was constructed using inexpensive readily available materials. With this method a single operator can separate the roots from 40-50 samples per day. Soil core samples can be stored at 4 °C in plastic bags for at least three weeks and, after separation, in covered petri dishes for ten weeks without deterioration or fungal growth. Root lengths can be estimated for up to 80 samples per day. Root length density data from two Escallonia rosea shrubs are compared. One shrub was planted in unamended backfill soil and the other in amended backfill soil.
Use of Tree Growth Regulators at Potomac Edison
Authors: Watson M.R.
Published: July 2022

A production tree growth regulator program was initiated at Potomac Edison in July 1 986. The decision to implement the program was based on information gathered in a research project. The project results show that injection time is a function of tree species and season of year. Results of injection vary with season of year and tree species.
Symptomatology in the Instruction of Landscape Ornamentals Entomology
Authors: Koehler Carlton
Published: July 2022

In the teaching of landscape ornamentals entomology in off-campus Cooperative Extension shortcourses, the student often is more interested in pest problem diagnosis, than in instruction organized by insect grouping or host plant. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and signs; those caused by arthropod or mollusk pest attack can be conveniently organized into five categories: 1) chewed foliage or flowers, 2) stippled, bleached, bronzed, streaked or silvered foliage, 3) distorted plant parts, 4) dieback of plant parts, and 5) products on plant parts produced by insects, mites, or snails and slugs.
Origin of Frost Cracks in Stems of Trees
Authors: Kubler Hans
Published: July 2022

Frost cracks in the stem of living trees are separations along the radial plane. They occur at temperatures below the freezing point of water and result mainly from "frost shrinkage" due to internal drying, that is, freeze-out of cell wall moisture into lumens of wood cells. Wood frost-shrinks more as temperatures are falling. The shrinkage leads to frost cracks mainly because wood tends to shrink more along the growth rings than in the direction of stem diameter. Other factors which contribute to frost cracks are ice layers which grow in the cooling wood, relatively rapid cooling of the stem surface, and expansion of freezing water in waterlogged zones of the stem. The reason why some trees frost-crack while others do not appear to be the notch effect of earlier injuries in the first place, as well as pockets of unusually wet wood in the stem.
Preemergent Herbicide Trials with Direct-Seeded Black Locust Grown in Different Soils
Authors: Geyer W.A. , Melichar L. , Long C.E.
Published: July 2022

Various soil types were seeded with black locust and treated with different preemergent herbicides to determine their effect on germination, seedling survival, and growth. All treatments except oxadiazon and chloroxuron allowed acceptable survival and growth.
Marketing the Arborist's Expertise: A Classroom Project
Authors: Smith M.A.L.
Published: July 2022

A three-phase classroom project designed to highlight the exceptional marketing needs of the tree care industry is described. This project is an integral part of the Arboriculture course at the University of Illinois and has helped students entering the profession to anticipate and prepare for the inherent challenges of a service-oriented horticultural industry.
Estimating and Pricing Tree Care Jobs
Authors: Abbott Richard , Miller Kenneth
Published: July 2022

Tree care, pruning and removal operations have been difficult to price because each tree, each location, and each situation is different. Traditionally, tree care salespeople have learned to estimate jobs by the trial-and-error method. Many times, the salesperson has not been in sales over a long enough period of time to gain pricing experience. The concept of pricing using fixed and variable factors for the different tasks can accommodate the differences in trees, locations, and situations. The system can, and should be modified to each company's operations. The use of man-hours required to perform specific tree care operations provides the key to calculating costs and also provides a measurable basis to evaluate crew performance.
A Comparative Analysis on Communication Education Themes of the Communication Research Association (ILAD) and the European Communication Studies and Education Association (ECREA)
Authors: BEŞBUDAK Miray , ÖZMELEK TAŞ Neslihan , NAZLI Azra Kardelen
Published: July 2022

In the globalizing world, quality in communication and internationalization are important. Higher education institutions are taking the necessary steps for the standardization. Quality commissions are formed to maintain the education given at universities to a certain standard, and private organizations and associations are widely engaged in communication. The European Association for Communication Studies and Education operates internationally works on various themes in communication. In Turkey, Communication Research Association established to accredit programs related to communication education; evaluates training programs upon the application of institutions, carries out the training activities of those who will take part as evaluators in accreditation studies, assists programs in meeting the necessary criteria, and carries out joint projects with educational institutions. The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship of the keywords determined as quality, internationalization and communication through the example of ECREA and to compare these themes with ILEDAK themes. Information about the similarities and differences between the quality standards of communication education in Turkey and Europe is obtained. The method is thematic content analysis. The data presented within the program outputs determined for the communication basic areas on the official websites of ECREA and ILAD.
Intelligent Cold Climate Glove
Authors: Bharath HG  , Madhu DS  , Rashmi LS  , Mithun R  , Dr. Bindu A Thomas
Published: July 2022

The environment is affected by the varying climatic conditions from time to time. Extreme temperatures can be quite harmful to your health. Serious health problems are caused by prolonged exposure to heat and by keeping the body at an extreme temperature. Heat stroke is the most dangerous issue in an excessively hot climate. The risk of hypothermia or hazardous overcooling of the body is the most important issue at very low temperatures. These strange weather patterns can occasionally result in tragic deaths of individuals. In order to provide better protection to those who live in harsh weather conditions, the “Intelligent Cold Climate Glove” design was created. The ideal temperature is maintained inside this glove. Particularly for our soldiers serving in harsh weather, the Smart-Glove is incredibly helpful. By using the heating pad with this technology, the user may regulate and keep an eye on their internal body temperature. This glove also has a Bluetooth module as an added feature for monitoring body temperature as well as the humidity and temperature of the surrounding area. The user can also keep an eye on the data using an Android app connected via Bluetooth and an OLED display. When the temperature reaches the threshold value, the heating pad is automatically turned on to give the appropriate temperature, and when the temperature surpasses the threshold value, the threshold value is automatically turned off.