bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of olive oil consumption on blood lipids: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Jabbarzadeh-Ganjeh Bahareh , Jayedi Ahmad , Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Published: November 2022

We performed a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised trials on the effects of olive oil consumption on blood lipids in adults. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases until May 2021. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the effect of olive oil intake on serum total cholesterol (TC), TAG, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in adults were included. The mean difference (MD) and 95 % CI were calculated for each 10 g/d increment in olive oil intake using a random-effects model. A total of thirty-four RCT with 1730 participants were included. Each 10 g/d increase in olive oil consumption had minimal effects on blood lipids including TC (MD: 0·79 mg/dl; 95 % CI (−0·08, 1·66); I2 = 57 %; n 31, GRADE = low certainty), LDL-cholesterol (MD: 0·04 mg/dl, 95 % CI (−1·01, 0·94); I2 = 80 %; n 31, GRADE = very low certainty), HDL-cholesterol (MD: 0·22 mg/dl; 95 % CI (−0·01, 0·45); I2 = 38 %; n 33, GRADE = low certainty) and TAG (MD: 0·39 mg/dl; 95 % CI (−0·33, 1·11); I2 = 7 %; n 32, GRADE = low certainty). Levels of TC increased slightly with the increase in olive oil consumption up to 30 g/d (MD30 g/d: 2·76 mg/dl, 95 % CI (0·01, 5·51)) and then appeared to plateau with a slight downward curve. A trivial non-linear dose-dependent increment was seen for HDL-cholesterol, with the greatest increment at 20 g/d (MD20 g/d: 1·03 mg/dl, 95 % CI (−1·23, 3·29)). Based on existing evidence, olive oil consumption had trivial effects on levels of serum lipids in adults. More large-scale randomized trials are needed to present more reliable results.
Assessing the reliability and cross-sectional and longitudinal validity of fifteen bioelectrical impedance analysis devices
Authors: Siedler Madelin R. , Rodriguez Christian , Stratton Matthew T. , Harty Patrick S. , Keith Dale S. , Green Jacob J. , Boykin Jake R. , White Sarah J. , Williams Abegale D. , DeHaven Brielle , Tinsley Grant M.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this investigation was to expand upon the limited existing research examining the test–retest reliability, cross-sectional validity and longitudinal validity of a sample of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices as compared with a laboratory four-compartment (4C) model. Seventy-three healthy participants aged 19–50 years were assessed by each of fifteen BIA devices, with resulting body fat percentage estimates compared with a 4C model utilising air displacement plethysmography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and bioimpedance spectroscopy. A subset of thirty-seven participants returned for a second visit 12–16 weeks later and were included in an analysis of longitudinal validity. The sample of devices included fourteen consumer-grade and one research-grade model in a variety of configurations: hand-to-hand, foot-to-foot and bilateral hand-to-foot (octapolar). BIA devices demonstrated high reliability, with precision error ranging from 0·0 to 0·49 %. Cross-sectional validity varied, with constant error relative to the 4C model ranging from −3·5 (sd 4·1) % to 11·7 (sd 4·7) %, standard error of the estimate values of 3·1–7·5 % and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) of 0·48–0·94. For longitudinal validity, constant error ranged from −0·4 (sd 2·1) % to 1·3 (sd 2·7) %, with standard error of the estimate values of 1·7–2·6 % and Lin’s CCC of 0·37–0·78. While performance varied widely across the sample investigated, select models of BIA devices (particularly octapolar and select foot-to-foot devices) may hold potential utility for the tracking of body composition over time, particularly in contexts in which the purchase or use of a research-grade device is infeasible.
THE RECOGNITION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH AS A FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE AND RIGHT AT WORK
Authors: Politakis George
Published: November 2022

In June 2022, the International Labour Organization (ILO) decided to amend the 1998 Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work in order to include the right to a safe and healthy working environment among the core labour rights to which member States are committed by virtue of their membership. The amendment marks the successful completion of three years of negotiations initiated in response to the 2019 Centenary Declaration by which the ILO's tripartite constituency recognized that safe and healthy working conditions were fundamental to decent work. Adding occupational safety and health as a fifth pillar to the 1998 Declaration was generally welcomed as a commendable development although critics may still assert that as a soft law instrument the amended Declaration may not have decisive impact on workplace safety and health globally. Despite broad agreement about the timeliness and importance of recognizing occupational safety and health as a fundamental workers’ right—especially in light of the pandemic experience—concerns were raised about the possible implications of the amended Declaration on existing trade agreements, and in particular whether it would create, directly or indirectly, new obligations for member States. This article looks into the origins and negotiating history of the amendment to the 1998 Declaration and addresses the scope and legal effect of a saving clause by which the Conference sought to ensure that the amended Declaration would not impact obligations and commitments of States set out in labour provisions of free trade agreements currently in force and would not be subject to dynamic interpretation in the context of a trade dispute.
Helical magnetic mirror performance at up- and downstream directions of the axial force
Authors: Sudnikov Anton V. , Ivanov Ivan A. , Inzhevatkina Anna A. , Larichkin Mikhail V. , Postupaev Vladimir V. , Sklyarov Vladislav F. , Tolkachev Mikhail S. , Ustyuzhanin Viktor O.
Published: November 2022

The paper presents experimental results from the SMOLA device on the testing of the helical mirror confinement hypothesis. Helical mirror confinement is the technique of an active control of axial plasma losses from a confinement zone by multiple magnetic mirrors that move along the axis in the reference frame of the plasma that experiences

$\boldsymbol{E} \times \boldsymbol{B}$

rotation due to an applied radial electric field. Theory predicts that a helical mirror will provide an axial force that modifies the plasma flow and, simultaneously, density pinching to the axis. The force direction depends on the plasma rotation direction. Experimental data on the axial plasma losses at different direction of the magnetic mirror movement are presented. If the trapped ions move in the direction opposite to the direction of the axial losses, then the particle flux reduces in the broad range of the plasma density. The confinement improves with the increase of the fraction of the trapped particles (effective mirror ratio was up to

$R_{{\rm eff}}=5.8\pm 1.4$

). If the trapped ions move in the same direction as the axial losses, then the flux depends on density. At intermediate densities, the integral flux through the transport section rises compared to the plasma flowing through the straight magnetic field. The effective mirror ratio is lower and does not significantly depend on the fraction of the trapped particles (effective mirror ratio at intermediate density was

$R_{{\rm eff}}=3.3\pm 0.8$

).
Effects of psychological treatment for depression among people not actively seeking help: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Ruiying , Amarnath Arpana , Karyotaki Eirini , Struijs Sascha Y. , Cuijpers Pim
Published: November 2022

Although psychological treatments have been found to be effective for depression in adults, many individuals with depression do not actively seek help. It is currently unclear whether psychological treatments are effective among those not actively seeking help. Besides, little is known about the proportion of patients who completed a screening questionnaire who end up in a clinical trial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of 52 randomized trials comparing psychotherapies for adults with a diagnosis or elevated symptoms of depression against control conditions (care-as-usual, waiting list, and other inactive treatment). Only studies recruiting participants who do not actively seek help (participants who have been recruited through screening instead of advertisements and clinical referrals) were included. To obtain an overall effect estimate of psychotherapy, we pooled all post-test differences with a random-effects model. We found that psychological treatments had a moderate to high effect on reducing depressive symptoms compared to control groups [g = 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.69]. Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 75%; 95% CI 68–80). At 12 months' follow-up, the effects were small but significant (6–8 months: g = 0.33; 95% CI 0.14–0.52; 9–12 months: g = 0.24; 95% CI 0.11–0.37). As a secondary outcome, we found that 13% of patients who completed a screening questionnaire met the inclusion criteria for depression and agreed to be randomized in the trial. Based on the current evidence, psychological treatments for depression might be effective for depressed patients who are not actively seeking help.
‘BTS, PSY, BLACKPINK’
Authors: Kang Hyeon-Seok
Published: November 2022

Personal names are an important part of people's social identity, and they function socially as labels that both identify and distinguish an individual from others (Watzlawik et al., 2012). Cheang (2008) suggests that personal names can be a vehicle of self-presentation/self-promotion (cf. Goffman, 1980), not just a passive label, if the names are selected by the name bearers themselves. Although self-naming is also observed with a small minority of people who have changed their names given by their parents or close relations, the most common cases of self-presentation/self-promotion seem to be entertainers’ adopted stage names.
Analyzing a single hyper-exponential working vacation queue from its governing difference equation
Authors: Yu Miaomiao , Tang Yinghui
Published: November 2022

As the queue becomes exhausted, different maintenance tasks can be performed according to the fatigue load and wear degree of the service equipment. At the same time, considering the customer's sensitivity to time delay, the service facility will not completely remain inactive during the maintenance period. To describe this objectively existing phenomenon arising in the waiting line system, we consider a hyper-exponential working vacation queue with a batch renewal arrival process. Through the calculation of the well-structured roots of the associated characteristic equation, the shift operator method in the theory of difference equations and the supplementary variable technique for stochastic modeling plays a central role in the queue-length distribution analysis. Comparison with other ways to analyze queueing models, the advantage of our approach is that we can avoid deriving the complex transition probability matrix of the queue-length process embedded at input points. The feasibility of this approach is verified by extensive numerical examples.
Asset allocation for a DC pension plan with minimum guarantee constraint and hidden Markov regime-switching
Authors: Luo Liuling , Peng Xingchun
Published: November 2022

This paper is devoted to the study of the asset allocation problem for a DC pension plan with minimum guarantee constraint in a hidden Markov regime-switching economy. Suppose that four types of assets are available in the financial market: a risk-free asset, a zero-coupon bond, an inflation-indexed bond and a stock. The expected return rate of the stock depends on unobservable economic states, and the change of states is described by a hidden Markov chain. In addition, the CIR process is used to describe the evolution of the nominal interest rate. The contribution rate is also assumed to be stochastic. The goal of investment management is to minimize the convex risk measure of the terminal wealth in excess of the minimum guarantee constraint. First, we transform the partially observable optimization problem into the one with complete information using the Wonham filtering technique and deal with the minimum guarantee constraint by constructing auxiliary processes. Furthermore, we derive the optimal investment strategy by the BSDE approach. Finally, some numerical results are presented to illustrate the impacts of some important parameters on investment behaviors.
Combining tracking with at-sea surveys to improve occurrence and distribution estimates of two threatened seabirds in Peru
Authors: Fischer Johannes H. , Bose Samhita , Romero Cynthia , Charteris Matt , Crowe Patrick , Parker Graham C. , Ray Samantha , Rexer-huber Kalinka , Sagar Paul M. , Thompson David R. , Bell Elizabeth , Debski Igor , Quiñones Javier
Published: November 2022

Seabirds are highly threatened, including by fisheries bycatch. Accurate understanding of offshore distribution of seabirds is crucial to address this threat. Tracking technologies revolutionised insights into seabird distributions but tracking data may contain a variety of biases. We tracked two threatened seabirds (Salvin’s AlbatrossThalassarche salvini n= 60 and Black PetrelProcellaria parkinsoni n= 46) from their breeding colonies in Aotearoa (New Zealand) to their non-breeding grounds in South America, including Peru, while simultaneously completing seven surveys in Peruvian waters. We then used species distribution models to predict occurrence and distribution using either data source alone, and both data sources combined. Results showed seasonal differences between estimates of occurrence and distribution when using data sources independently. Combining data resulted in more balanced insights into occurrence and distributions, and reduced uncertainty. Most notably, both species were predicted to occur in Peruvian waters during all four annual quarters: the northern Humboldt upwelling system for Salvin’s Albatross and northern continental shelf waters for Black Petrels. Our results highlighted that relying on a single data source may introduce biases into distribution estimates. Our tracking data might have contained ontological and/or colony-related biases (e.g. only breeding adults from one colony were tracked), while our survey data might have contained spatiotemporal biases (e.g. surveys were limited to waters <200 nm from the coast). We recommend combining data sources wherever possible to refine predictions of species distributions, which ultimately will improve fisheries bycatch management through better spatiotemporal understanding of risks.
Learning About Death and Burial: Mortuary Ritual, Emotion and Communities of Practice in the Ancient Andes
Authors: Baitzel Sarah
Published: November 2022

Mortuary rituals are conservative and transformative. As practices of hands-on and conceptual learning, memory making, and inter-generational knowledge transfer they take place within Communities of Practice, where emotionality and temporalities shape learning about death, interment, and commemoration. Drawing on mortuary, ethnographic, and archaeothanatological evidence, this paper explores how inhabitants of the provincial Tiwanaku site Omo M10 (eighth–twelfth centuries ce) in southern Peru experienced and learned death and burial. The reconstruction of three stages of funerary ritual—body preparation, interment, and remembering—represents distinct episodes of bundling. During each stage, increasingly more diverse participants, materials, spaces, and activities differentially shape episodic memory formation and knowledge transfer. I propose that coming to understand the constituent participants, practices, and knowledge of mortuary ritual as emergent and heterogeneous Communities of Practice has important implications for the interpretation of synchronic and diachronic mortuary variability.
Seed dormancy concepts in orchids: Dendrobium cruentum as a model species
Authors: Prasongsom Sasikarn , Thammasiri Kanchit , Pritchard Hugh W.
Published: November 2022

Generally, orchids produce dust-like seeds in which endosperm reduction and embryo undifferentiation represent a derived state shared with species in about 11 other plant families. Orchid seeds are proposed to have a special kind of morphological or morphophysiological dormancy. We test this proposition, overcoming several design limitations of earlier studies, specifically that the in vitro germination method for orchid seeds uses pro-oxidants for disinfection and incorporates nitrate in the medium; both ‘treatments’ might contribute to dormancy breaking, potentially confounding judgement on the depth and nature of the dormant state. Seeds of the tropical orchid Dendrobium cruentum Rchb. f., were sown both in vitro, on a nutrient medium, and ex vitro, on plain agar omitting prior disinfection with sodium hypochlorite. Seeds previously stored and fresh seeds were incubated under combinations of vitro conditions, light treatments, constant or alternating temperatures and nitrate concentration. Seeds of D. cruentum are very small but have a large embryo that occupies most of the seed. Over a range of constant temperature seeds germinated to the spherical protocorm stage just as well ex vitro as in vitro. Neither light nor nitrate were prerequisites for ex vitro germination. The ability of D. cruentum seed to germinate in the absence of environmental or chemical stimuli suggests that mature seed can be non-dormant. Our results support the proposition that neither all DUST seed fit a dormancy class nor all orchids produce morphological or morphophysiological seeds. Finally, embryo/seed volume determinations in orchids may prove as valuable in studies on the evolution and ecology of germination and dormancy as embryo:seed ratios in other angiosperm species.
Opportunities and failures to prosecute violence against persons with disabilities at the international tribunals for the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sierra Leone
Authors: McInnes Kate
Published: November 2022

This paper presents an inexhaustive but thorough review of the evidence of violence against persons with disabilities that came before, or ought to have been known to, the prosecutors of the international criminal tribunals for the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sierra Leone. This research demonstrates that despite significant and compelling evidence from investigators, journalists and witnesses, gross violations against persons with disabilities were largely ignored by the prosecution or treated merely as aggravating factors at sentencing. These crimes could instead have been characterized as an “other inhumane act” prosecutable as a crime against humanity, which would have emphasized the gravity of the crimes, provided recognition of the victims’ suffering, imposed criminal sanctions on those responsible, and unequivocally condemned violence against persons with disabilities during armed conflict.
Private Rights of Nature
Authors: Burgers Laura
Published: November 2022

The Rights of Nature concept not only breaks with the anthropocentrism of existing (environmental) law; it also recognizes that nature has private interests, in addition to being of public interest. That is, whereas in classic sustainability thinking, the use of certain resources is allowed as long as public interests are not systematically/systemically harmed, rights of nature facilitate the protection of nature before planetary boundaries are transgressed. This recognition of nature as having private interests enables the framing of disagreements around ‘nature’ as matters of corrective justice, which renders the application of private legal doctrines more easily conceivable and arguably even necessary.

The contributions to this Symposium Collection showcase the viability of the intersection of private law and rights of nature. Firstly, it is necessary to research how existing private law will influence the effectiveness of rights of nature. Such an exercise is undertaken by Björn Hoops, who carefully assesses what rights for the German Black Forest would mean in terms of German constitutional property law. The mirror image of this approach is to explore what impact Rights of Nature will have on private law. Such an approach is taken by Alex Putzer and co-authors in their article on the transformation of land-ownership regimes after the introduction of Rights of Nature in Ecuador and Uganda. A third line of scholarship assesses the significance of Rights of Nature for private law theory: Visa Kurki proposes a new concept of legal personhood, prompting us to think through the meaning of statements like ‘a river is a legal person’.
Combined Effects of Stream Hydrology and Land Use on Basin‐Scale Hyporheic Zone Denitrification in the Columbia River Basin
Authors: Son Kyongho , Fang Yilin , Gomez‐Velez Jesus D. , Byun Kyuhyun , Chen Xingyuan
Published: November 2022

Denitrification in the hyporheic zone (HZ) of river corridors is crucial to removing excess nitrogen in rivers from anthropogenic activities. However, previous modeling studies of the effectiveness of river corridors in removing excess nitrogen via denitrification were often limited to the reach‐scale and low‐order stream watersheds. We developed a basin‐scale river corridor model for the Columbia River Basin with random forest models to identify the dominant factors associated with the spatial variation of HZ denitrification. Our modeling results suggest that the combined effects of hydrologic variability in reaches and substrate availability influenced by land use are associated with the spatial variability of modeled HZ denitrification at the basin scale. Hyporheic exchange flux can explain most of spatial variation of denitrification amounts in reaches of different sizes, while among the reaches affected by different land uses, the combination of hyporheic exchange flux and stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration can explain the denitrification differences. Also, we can generalize that the most influential watershed and channel variables controlling denitrification variation are channel morphology parameters (median grain size (D50), stream slope), climate (annual precipitation and evapotranspiration), and stream DOC‐related parameters (percent of shrub area). The modeling framework in our study can serve as a valuable tool to identify the limiting factors in removing excess nitrogen pollution in large river basins where direct measurement is often infeasible.
CCN Spectral Modality Compared to Droplet Spectra and Drizzle in RICO Cumuli
Authors: Hudson James G. , Noble Stephen
Published: November 2022

Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) warm cloud microphysics and drizzle comparisons with cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) spectra displayed similarities with earlier analyses of low‐altitude Ice in Clouds Experiment‐Tropical (ICE‐T) warm maritime cumuli. These comparisons of high‐resolution CCN spectra measured at 100 m altitude with cloud and drizzle measurements were consistent within three altitude bands between 600 and 3,700 m. For both projects, clouds associated with bimodal CCN (accumulation mode dominant) displayed more drizzle than clouds associated with unimodal CCN (Aitken mode dominant). Higher concentrations in clouds associated with bimodal CCN than clouds associated with unimodal CCN extended throughout the ranges of 3 drizzle drop probes (260X, 2DC, and 2DP) between 60 and 5,200 μm diameter. Ratios of drizzle drop concentrations in clouds associated with bimodal CCN to those in clouds associated with unimodal CCN were as much as an order of magnitude. Confirmation of a relationship between CCN modality and cloud droplet spectra found in ICE‐T was often obscured in RICO by drizzle effects on droplet spectra. There was also an association between cloudiness and CCN bimodality that is consistent with clouds as a source of accumulation mode particles. These consistent results now found in two warm maritime small low‐altitude cumulus cloud experiments show that CCN bimodality could inhibit the indirect aerosol effect (IAE), especially second IAE (cloud lifetime) in warm maritime cumuli. These RICO and ICE‐T observations in maritime cumuli are opposite of the results in the Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment, which indicated that CCN bimodality could enhance both IAE.
Feature Enhancement of Three Log‐Periodic Antennas Based on Antipodal Vivaldi Patch
Authors: Eshaghpanah Maryam , Mohajeri Farzad
Published: November 2022

Today, microstrip antennas have received a lot of attention due to their unique features such as low weight and volume, easy and cheap construction, and the ability to adapt to planar structures. Of course, the important problem with these antennas is their small gain and bandwidth. In this paper, the gain and bandwidth of the microstrip antenna with a patch in the form of Antipodal Vivaldi are improved by using log‐periodic structures. Three 8‐element log‐periodic structures designed in a straight‐line, U‐shaped and V‐shaped are proposed, simulated and fabricated. The dimensions of these antennas are , and respectively. The results of the measurements show that the bandwidth of the 8‐element straight‐line, U‐shaped and V‐shaped antennas are 3–18, 2.6–18, and 2.4–18 GHz respectively, and their maximum gain are 6.26, 8.3, and 7.61 dBi, respectively, which has increased the bandwidth by approximately 125% compared to the single element mode and increased the gain from 2.26 to 4.3 dBi. These quantities show that among the three antennas proposed in this article, the V‐shaped antenna has the highest bandwidth (15.6 GHz) and the U‐shaped antenna has the highest maximum gain (8.3 dBi). Of course, it is possible to achieve more gain by changing the angle between the branches of the V‐shaped antenna, but it may ruin the bandwidth.
On the Bimodal Radial Solute Transport in Dual‐Permeability Porous Media
Authors: Li Xu , Wen Zhang , Zhan Hongbin , Zhu Qi , Jakada Hamza
Published: November 2022

Porous media usually exhibit distinct transport properties of a dual domain, which is attributed to layering, fracturing, or aggregation. In this study, a mobile‐mobile (MM) model of radial solute transport consisting of two advection‐dispersion equations (ADEs) is presented to describe the bimodal (or double‐peaked) breakthrough curves (BTCs) through two distinct pore domains consisting of interrelated fast‐flow and slow‐flow domains. Transport processes, including advection, dispersion, and first‐order mass transfer between the two domains, were considered in the model. Semi‐analytical solutions were derived using a Laplace transform, matrix diagonalization and numerical Laplace inversion method, and the solutions were verified against the existing analytical solution for the mobile‐immobile (MIM) model under the special case of zero velocity in the slow‐flow domain. In addition, Markov Chain Monte Carlo is applied to estimate the MM model parameters using the experimental data. The results indicate that a larger transfer coefficient between the fast‐flow and the slow‐flow domains resulted in a weaker bimodal phenomenon for concentration distribution curves, which was notably more apparent when there was a greater variation in pore flow velocities between the two domains. Also, the MM model can be used to investigate other types of abnormal transport features such as late arrival and early arrival. Finally, the ADE, MIM, and MM models were used to interpret the experimental data conducted by Fernàndez‐Garcia et al. (2004, http://doi.org.10.1029/2004wr003112), and it was found that the proposed MM model can explain the bimodal feature of BTCs while the ADE and MIM models fail to do so.
Depletion of CD206+ M2-like macrophages induces fibro-adipogenic progenitors activation and muscle regeneration
Authors: Nawaz Allah , Bilal Muhammad , Fujisaka Shiho , Kado Tomonobu , Aslam Muhammad Rahil , Ahmed Saeed , Okabe Keisuke , Igarashi Yoshiko , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Kuwano Takahide , Tsuneyama Koichi , Nishimura Ayumi , Nishida Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Seiji , Sasahara Masakiyo , Imura Johji , Mori Hisashi , Matzuk Martin M. , Kudo Fujimi , Manabe Ichiro , Uezumi Akiyoshi , Nakagawa Takashi , Oishi Yumiko , Tobe Kazuyuki
Published: November 2022

Muscle regeneration requires the coordination of muscle stem cells, mesenchymal fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), and macrophages. How macrophages regulate the paracrine secretion of FAPs during the recovery process remains elusive. Herein, we systemically investigated the communication between CD206+ M2-like macrophages and FAPs during the recovery process using a transgenic mouse model. Depletion of CD206+ M2-like macrophages or deletion of CD206+ M2-like macrophages-specific TGF-β1 gene induces myogenesis and muscle regeneration. We show that depletion of CD206+ M2-like macrophages activates FAPs and activated FAPs secrete follistatin, a promyogenic factor, thereby boosting the recovery process. Conversely, deletion of the FAP-specific follistatin gene results in impaired muscle stem cell function, enhanced fibrosis, and delayed muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, CD206+ M2-like macrophages inhibit the secretion of FAP-derived follistatin via TGF-β signaling. Here we show that CD206+ M2-like macrophages constitute a microenvironment for FAPs and may regulate the myogenic potential of muscle stem/satellite cells.
Regulome analysis in B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia exposes Core Binding Factor addiction as a therapeutic vulnerability
Authors: Wray Jason P. , Deltcheva Elitza M. , Boiers Charlotta , Richardson Simon Е , Chhetri Jyoti Bikram , Brown John , Gagrica Sladjana , Guo Yanping , Illendula Anuradha , Martens Joost H. A. , Stunnenberg Hendrik G. , Bushweller John H. , Nimmo Rachael , Enver Tariq
Published: November 2022

The ETV6-RUNX1 onco-fusion arises in utero, initiating a clinically silent pre-leukemic state associated with the development of pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We characterize the ETV6-RUNX1 regulome by integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation- and RNA-sequencing and show that ETV6-RUNX1 functions primarily through competition for RUNX1 binding sites and transcriptional repression. In pre-leukemia, this results in ETV6-RUNX1 antagonization of cell cycle regulation by RUNX1 as evidenced by mass cytometry analysis of B-lineage cells derived from ETV6-RUNX1 knock-in human pluripotent stem cells. In frank leukemia, knockdown of RUNX1 or its co-factor CBFβ results in cell death suggesting sustained requirement for RUNX1 activity which is recapitulated by chemical perturbation using an allosteric CBFβ-inhibitor. Strikingly, we show that RUNX1 addiction extends to other genetic subtypes of pediatric B-ALL and also adult disease. Importantly, inhibition of RUNX1 activity spares normal hematopoiesis. Our results suggest that chemical intervention in the RUNX1 program may provide a therapeutic opportunity in ALL.
Carbon dioxide sink in the Arctic Ocean from cross-shelf transport of dense Barents Sea water
Authors: Rogge Andreas , Janout Markus , Loginova Nadezhda , Trudnowska Emilia , Hörstmann Cora , Wekerle Claudia , Oziel Laurent , Schourup-Kristensen Vibe , Ruiz-Castillo Eugenio , Schulz Kirstin , Povazhnyy Vasily V. , Iversen Morten H. , Waite Anya M.
Published: November 2022

Large amounts of atmospheric carbon can be exported and retained in the deep sea on millennial time scales, buffering global warming. However, while the Barents Sea is one of the most biologically productive areas of the Arctic Ocean, carbon retention times were thought to be short. Here we present observations, complemented by numerical model simulations, that revealed a deep and widespread lateral injection of approximately 2.33 kt C d−1 from the Barents Sea shelf to some 1,200 m of the Nansen Basin, driven by Barents Sea Bottom Water transport. With increasing distance from the outflow region, the plume expanded and penetrated into even deeper waters and the sediment. The seasonally fluctuating but continuous injection increases the carbon sequestration of the Barents Sea by 1/3 and feeds the deep sea community of the Nansen Basin. Our findings combined with those from other outflow regions of carbon-rich polar dense waters highlight the importance of lateral injection as a global carbon sink. Resolving uncertainties around negative feedbacks of global warming due to sea ice decline will necessitate observation of changes in bottom water formation and biological productivity at a resolution high enough to quantify future deep carbon injection.
Exome sequencing identifies rare damaging variants in ATP8B4 and ABCA1 as risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Holstege Henne , Hulsman Marc , Charbonnier Camille , Grenier-Boley Benjamin , Quenez Olivier , Grozeva Detelina , van Rooij Jeroen G. J. , Sims Rebecca , Ahmad Shahzad , Amin Najaf , Norsworthy Penny J. , Dols-Icardo Oriol , Hummerich Holger , Kawalia Amit , Amouyel Philippe , Beecham Gary W. , Berr Claudine , Bis Joshua C. , Boland Anne , Bossù Paola , Bouwman Femke , Bras Jose , Campion Dominique , Cochran J. Nicholas , Daniele Antonio , Dartigues Jean-François , Debette Stéphanie , Deleuze Jean-François , Denning Nicola , DeStefano Anita L. , Farrer Lindsay A. , Fernández Maria Victoria , Fox Nick C. , Galimberti Daniela , Genin Emmanuelle , Gille Johan J. P. , Le Guen Yann , Guerreiro Rita , Haines Jonathan L. , Holmes Clive , Ikram M. Arfan , Ikram M. Kamran , Jansen Iris E. , Kraaij Robert , Lathrop Marc , Lemstra Afina W. , Lleó Alberto , Luckcuck Lauren , Mannens Marcel M. A. M. , Marshall Rachel , Martin Eden R. , Masullo Carlo , Mayeux Richard , Mecocci Patrizia , Meggy Alun , Mol Merel O. , Morgan Kevin , Myers Richard M. , Nacmias Benedetta , Naj Adam C. , Napolioni Valerio , Pasquier Florence , Pastor Pau , Pericak-Vance Margaret A. , Raybould Rachel , Redon Richard , Reinders Marcel J. T. , Richard Anne-Claire , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Rivadeneira Fernando , Rousseau Stéphane , Ryan Natalie S. , Saad Salha , Sanchez-Juan Pascual , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Scheltens Philip , Schott Jonathan M. , Seripa Davide , Seshadri Sudha , Sie Daoud , Sistermans Erik A. , Sorbi Sandro , van Spaendonk Resie , Spalletta Gianfranco , Tesi Niccolo’ , Tijms Betty , Uitterlinden André G. , van der Lee Sven J. , Visser Pieter Jelle , Wagner Michael , Wallon David , Wang Li-San , Zarea Aline , Clarimon Jordi , van Swieten John C. , Greicius Michael D. , Yokoyama Jennifer S. , Cruchaga Carlos , Hardy John , Ramirez Alfredo , Mead Simon , van der Flier Wiesje M. , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Williams Julie , Nicolas Gaël , Bellenguez Céline , Lambert Jean-Charles
Published: November 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, has an estimated heritability of approximately 70%1. The genetic component of AD has been mainly assessed using genome-wide association studies, which do not capture the risk contributed by rare variants2. Here, we compared the gene-based burden of rare damaging variants in exome sequencing data from 32,558 individuals—16,036 AD cases and 16,522 controls. Next to variants inTREM2,SORL1andABCA7, we observed a significant association of rare, predicted damaging variants inATP8B4andABCA1with AD risk, and a suggestive signal inADAM10. Additionally, the rare-variant burden inRIN3, CLU, ZCWPW1andACEhighlighted these genes as potential drivers of respective AD-genome-wide association study loci. Variants associated with the strongest effect on AD risk, in particular loss-of-function variants, are enriched in early-onset AD cases. Our results provide additional evidence for a major role for amyloid-β precursor protein processing, amyloid-β aggregation, lipid metabolism and microglial function in AD.
Analysis of the evolution trends and influential factors of bankfull discharge in the Lower Yellow River
Authors: Chen Meng , Xu Linjuan , Xing Chunpeng , Xu Haifan , Zhao Wanjie
Published: November 2022

After the Xiaolangdi Reservoir (XLDR) was put into operation, new water and sediment conditions have improved the silting condition of the Lower Yellow River (LYR), but against this background, the flow capacity of the LYR has become more complex. In this research, the measured water and sediment data of seven hydrological stations in the LYR from 1950 to 2020 were systematically collated. The evolution trend and development period of the bankfull discharge in this area were studied based on the wavelet analysis method, and the main factors influencing the evolution of the bankfull discharge were explored. The results indicate that the evolution process of bankfull discharge in the LYR has experienced two phases in the last 70 years. XLDR has been impounded since October 1999. Before XLDR operation, the bankfull discharge of the LYR has a main time scale of about 26 years. After XLDR operation began, it has a time scale of about 10 years. The bankfull discharge of the LYR shows two phases of evolution, and these phases are mainly influenced by the factors of water and sediment conditions. This research is needed for a deeper understanding of flow-bed and river discharge and sediment transport capacity under the water and sediment conditions in the LYR.
Bias reduction in representation of histopathology images using deep feature selection
Authors: Asilian Bidgoli Azam , Rahnamayan Shahryar , Dehkharghanian Taher , Grami Ali , Tizhoosh H.R.
Published: November 2022

Appearing traces of bias in deep networks is a serious reliability issue which can play a significant role in ethics and generalization related concerns. Recent studies report that the deep features extracted from the histopathology images of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the largest publicly available archive, are surprisingly able to accurately classify the whole slide images (WSIs) based on their acquisition site while these features are extracted to primarily discriminate cancer types. This is clear evidence that the utilized Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) unexpectedly detect the specific patterns of the source site, i.e, the hospital of origin, rather than histomorphologic patterns, a biased behavior resulting in degraded trust and generalization. This observation motivated us to propose a method to alleviate the destructive impact of hospital bias through a novel feature selection process. To this effect, we have proposed an evolutionary strategy to select a small set of optimal features to not only accurately represent the histological patterns of tissue samples but also to eliminate the features contributing to internal bias toward the institution. The defined objective function for an optimal subset selection of features is to minimize the accuracy of the model to classify the source institutions which is basically defined as a bias indicator. By the conducted experiments, the selected features extracted by the state-of-the-art network trained on TCGA images (i.e., the KimiaNet), considerably decreased the institutional bias, while improving the quality of features to discriminate the cancer types. In addition, the selected features could significantly improve the results of external validation compared to the entire set of features which has been negatively affected by bias. The proposed scheme is a model-independent approach which can be employed when it is possible to define a bias indicator as a participating objective in a feature selection process; even with unknown bias sources.
Meta-summaries effective for improving awareness and understanding of COVID-19 vaccine safety research
Authors: Williams Spencer , Lee Joy , Halperin Brett A. , Liao Joshua M. , Hsieh Gary , Reinecke Katharina
Published: November 2022

Despite the efficacy, safety, and availability of COVID-19 vaccines, a lack of awareness and trust of vaccine safety research remains an important barrier to public health. The goal of this research was to design and test online meta-summaries—transparent, interactive summaries of the state of relevant studies—to improve people’s awareness and opinion of vaccine safety research. We used insights from a set of co-design interviews (n = 22) to develop meta-summaries to highlight metascientific information about vaccine safety research. An experiment with 863 unvaccinated participants showed that our meta-summaries increased participants’ perception of the amount, consistency, and direction of vaccine safety research relative to the U.S. Center for Disease Control (CDC) webpage, and that participants found them more trustworthy than the CDC page as well. They were also more likely to discuss it with others in the week following. We conclude that direct summaries of scientific research can be a useful communication tool for controversial scientific topics.
Enzyme self-label-bound ATTO700 in single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Trumpp Michael , Oliveras Anna , Gonschior Hannes , Ast Julia , Hodson David J. , Knaus Petra , Lehmann Martin , Birol Melissa , Broichhagen Johannes
Published: November 2022

Near-infrared ATTO700 is evaluated as an acceptor in SNAP- and Halo-tag protein labelling for ensemble and single molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and in stimulated emission by depletion (STED) super resolution microscopy.
Combined QM (MS-CASPT2)/MM studies on photocyclization and photoisomerization of a fulgide derivative in toluene solution
Authors: Peng Ling-Ya , Li Zi-Wen , Fang Qiu , Xie Bin-Bin , Xia Shu-Hua , Cui Ganglong
Published: November 2022

Theoretical studies uncover the photocyclization and photoisomerization channels of a fulgide derivative in toluene solution.
Electronic structure and catalytic activity of exsolved Ni on Pd core–shell nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar Punit , Monder Dayadeep S.
Published: November 2022

This study reports first principles calculations performed to study the electronic structure and catalytic activity of exsolved Ni on Pd core–shell catalysts reported in recent experimental literature.
Gas-phase equilibrium molecular structures and ab initio thermochemistry of anthracene and rubrene
Authors: Otlyotov Arseniy A. , Kurochkin Ivan Yu. , Minenkov Yury , Trapp Pia C. , Lamm Jan-Hendrik , Girichev Georgiy V. , Mitzel Norbert W.
Published: November 2022

Gas-phase structures of anthracene and rubrene were experimentally determined by gas electron diffraction and its enthalpy of formation was derived from DLPNO-CCSD(T) calculations to resolve the discrepancy in its experimental counterparts.
Diazines on graphene: adsorption, structural variances and electronic states
Authors: Grinevich Oksana I. , Volkov Victor V. , Buryak Aleksey K.
Published: November 2022

We conduct quantum studies of adsorption of diazine heterocycles on graphene to discuss experimental thermodynamics of gas-phase adsorption of pyridazine, pyrimidine and pyrazine on graphitized thermal carbon black, as reported previously.
Synergetic effect of metal–support for enhanced performance of the Cu–ZnO–ZrO2/UGSO catalyst for CO2hydrogenation to methanol
Authors: Vu Thi Thanh Nguyet , Desgagnés Alex , Fongarland Pascal , Vanoye Laurent , Bornette Frédéric , Iliuta Maria C.
Published: November 2022

Novel Cu–ZnO–ZrO2/UGSO catalysts for CO2hydrogenation to methanol were developed using a metallurgical residue as catalytic support, focusing on (i) the synergy of Cu/Zn/Zr and UGSO composition and (ii) UGSO modification, on catalytic activity and stability.
Construction of a Z-scheme Ag2MoO4/BiOBr heterojunction for photocatalytically removing organic pollutants
Authors: Wang Yanming , Sun Xiaofeng , Yi Zao , Wu Xianwen , Liu Guorong , Pu Zhongsheng , Yang Hua
Published: November 2022

How to facilitate photogenerated-carrier separation is an important step in developing excellent semiconductor photocatalysts for environmental pollutant removal.
Dinuclear mono-bridged or polymeric lanthanide complexes from one ligand: structural transformation and chiral induction
Authors: Chen Ran , Yan Qian-Qian , Hu Shao-Jun , Guo Xiao-Qing , Zhou Li-Peng , Sun Qing-Fu
Published: November 2022

By adjusting the metal/ligand ratio, either a single-ligand bridged dinuclear complex or a metal–organic polymer can be obtained from a semi-rigid achiral bis-tridentate ligand. A linear ee sensing for the auxiliary ligand was realized through ICD.
Modulating the electrocatalytic activity of mononuclear nickel complexes toward water oxidation by tertiary amine group
Authors: Chen Xiaoli , Liao Xuehong , Dai Chang , Zhu Lihong , Hong Li , Yang Xueli , Ruan Zhijun , Liang Xiangming , Lin Junqi
Published: November 2022

Three mononuclear nickel complexes were reported as homogeneous catalyst for water oxidation. The N-CH3 coordination environment of nickel center results in higher potential demand, higher catalytic current, and higher efficiency of water oxidation.
A dynamic piezoelectric effect to promote electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Yang Hongyuan , Wu Jie , Chen Zhengran , Zou Kai , Liang Ruihong , Kang Zhenhui , Menezes Prashanth W. , Chen Ziliang
Published: November 2022

The fluid mechanical stress-induced piezoelectric effect could remarkably boost the 2e−oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance of PZT ceramics during dynamic operation.
Recent advances in polysaccharides fromRose roxburghiiTratt fruits: isolation, structural characterization, and bioactivities
Authors: Su Juan , Zhang Bin , Fu Xiong , Huang Qiang , Li Chao , Liu Guang , Hai Liu Rui
Published: November 2022

Rosa roxburghiiTratt fruit (RRF), known commonly as Cili in China, is a highly valued fruit that contains abundant functional and nutritional constituents with a variety of health-promoting benefits.
Peptides and protein hydrolysates exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity: sources, structural features and modulation mechanisms
Authors: Rivera-Jiménez Julia , Berraquero-García Carmen , Pérez-Gálvez Raúl , García-Moreno Pedro J. , Espejo-Carpio F. Javier , Guadix Antonio , Guadix Emilia M.
Published: November 2022

This work highlights the structure–activity relationship of anti-inflammatory peptides, estimates their in silico anti-inflammatory potential using bioactivity predictors and studies their presence in sustainable protein sources.
The protective effects of sulforaphane on high-fat diet-induced metabolic associated fatty liver disease in mice via mediating the FXR/LXRα pathway
Authors: Ma Shaotong , Pang Xinyi , Tian Shuhua , Sun Jing , Hu Qiaobin , Li Xiangfei , Lu Yingjian
Published: November 2022

Sulforaphane can alleviate high-fat diet-induced MAFLD in mice via mediating the FXR/LXRα pathway.
Metal-based ionic liquids: effective catalysts in aqueous media for the selective production of vanillin from alkali lignin at room temperature
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Mehra Sanjay , Kumar Arvind
Published: November 2022

Catalytic depolymerization of lignin to value-added compounds is receiving increasing interest as part of the circular bioeconomy.
Liposome manufacturing under continuous flow conditions: towards a fully integrated set-up with in-line control of critical quality attributes
Authors: Sheybanifard Maryam , Guerzoni Luis P. B. , Omidinia-Anarkoli Abdolrahman , De Laporte Laura , Buyel Johannes , Besseling Rut , Damen Michiel , Gerich Ad , Lammers Twan , Metselaar Josbert M.
Published: November 2022

Schematic view of the ultimate design of the continuous flow manufacturing production line; from particle formation and in-line control of critical quality attributes to the filling.
High precision, high throughput generation of droplets containing single cells
Authors: Zhou Jiande , Wei Amaury , Bertsch Arnaud , Renaud Philippe
Published: November 2022

Cell triggered splitting (CTS): a versatile solution to random cell encapsulation (Poisson limit) in droplet microfluidics.
Theoretical exploration to the significance of n(S)/n(O) → σ* (C-COOMe) stereoelectronic interactions
Authors: Jindani Sana , Ganguly Bishwajit
Published: November 2022

Stability of the axial/equatorial conformation in α-heterosubstituted 1,3-dioxane and 1,3-dithiane systems.
A QSAR model for predicting the corneal permeability of drugs – the application of the Monte Carlo optimization method
Authors: Zivkovic Maja , Zlatanovic Marko , Zlatanovic Nevena , Golubović Mladjan , Veselinović Aleksandar M.
Published: November 2022

The Monte Carlo optimization method was employed for the development of a QSAR model for the prediction of corneal permeability of drugs.