bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La medicina gráfica como herramienta para la traducción y la adaptación de textos biosanitarios
Authors: Cobos López Ingrid
Published: July 2021

La medicina gráfica se constituye en un instrumento para la transmisión del conocimiento científico, al igual que una estimable herramienta para la formación de médicos. Por otra parte, en el campo de la traducción e interpretación, son cuantiosos los estudios en torno a los géneros médicos y su traducción, y de forma más concreta, se han definido ciertas líneas sobre la comunicación entre médico y paciente en torno a los folletos de salud y al cómic. Sin embargo, existe una vía de investigación aún poco estudiada, que combina la traducción y la adaptación de textos biosanitarios altamente especializados para los pacientes y su entorno. Este artículo da cuenta del proyecto Galileo “onco-trad. El lenguaje del cáncer: traducir para el paciente y su entorno”, de la Universidad de Córdoba (España), cuyo objetivo es traducir y adaptar textos especializados para pacientes y su entorno, convirtiéndolos en nuevos textos con formatos totalmente diferentes. Con esta investigación hemos comprobado cómo se pueden traducir y adaptar textos altamente especializados a un lenguaje y a un formato comprensibles, y totalmente cercanos a los verdaderos receptores de dicha información: los pacientes.
Extracción de contextos definitorios de tecnologías biomédicas en corpus especializado francés
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez Manuel Cristóbal
Published: July 2021

Ante nuevos campos de conocimiento, los traductores se enfrentan a lagunas contextuales y termino­lógicas que los diccionarios especializados no cubren. Gracias al potencial que demuestran las herramien­tas de análisis y gestión de corpus, estas se perfilan como indispensables a la hora de estudiar las relaciones gramaticales entre palabras concretas y sus vínculos semánticos, y extraer información definitoria que supla las carencias de los diccionarios en el proceso de traducción. Por ello, esta investigación extrae con­textos definitorios en el ámbito de las tecnologías biomédicas, ámbito de conocimiento en continua expan­sión y con desarrollo constante de técnicas, instrumentos, metodologías y productos, mediante lenguaje de interrogación de corpus (Corpus Query Language, CQL) y expresiones regulares. En otras palabras, se pretende establecer unas pautas para la creación de búsquedas que combinen cql y expresiones regulares, para localizar información que defina, reformule o matice terminología presente en este ámbito. Para ello, se compila un corpus de 100 artículos en francés de investigación sobre ingeniería genética y biotecnología en la herramienta en línea de gestión de corpus Sketch Engine. Las ecuaciones de búsqueda y los ejemplos muestran la utilidad de esta estrategia para localizar contextos ricos en conocimiento que podrían resultar de interés no solo en el ámbito investigador, sino también en el ámbito profesional de la traducción espe­cializada del francés al español, que actualmente cuenta con pocos recursos terminológicos.
La ideología en los textos administrativos: el análisis contrastivo crítico del léxico como herramienta de reflexión para la traducción jurídica contrahegemónica
Authors: Ruiz-Cortés Elena
Published: July 2021

La necesidad de investigar los factores que influyen en el proceso de toma de decisiones en una traducción es recurrente en la literatura. En esta investigación abordamos uno de esos factores, la ideología presente en los textos, centrándonos en un estudio enmarcado en la traducción jurídica con­trahegemónica. En este artículo demostramos que el análisis contrastivo crítico planteado puede ser una herramienta de reflexión útil para revelar la ideología que subyace al uso del léxico en los textos de esta especialidad, tanto del texto origen como de los textos paralelos consultados en búsqueda de equivalentes para la traducción. Centrándonos en el caso de los textos administrativos, abordamos un estudio de caso en el marco de un encargo de traducción real, y realizamos un análisis contrastivo crítico de dos solicitudes de extranjería análogas en España (texto origen) y en el Reino Unido (texto paralelo), empleando el modelo tridimensional de análisis crítico del discurso de Fairclough. Los re­sultados obtenidos muestran que, en nuestro estudio de caso, los datos provistos por el análisis no solo favorecen la reflexión sobre cómo el poder y la dominación se reproducen en los textos analizados, sino también sobre cómo la elección de ciertas unidades léxicas en la traducción puede contribuir a la legitimación de la ideología dominante que subyace a ellas.
A Quantitative Exploration to Directionality Among Sworn Translators and Interpreters in Colombia
Authors: Zuluaga Molina Juan Felipe , Tamayo Herrera Antonio
Published: July 2021

The high influence of sworn translators and interpreters (sti, henceforth) on the professional context of translation in Colombia is undeniable. However, the lack of institutional support and the poor documentation and research that exist amongst sti in the country makes it difficult to read it in an informed, comprehensive, and historical manner. Considering the abovementioned, this article aims at presenting the results of a sociological case study from a quantitative research that reflects, in a diagnostic or preliminary way, on the current situation of the Colombian sti, their status, and their working conditions. This study used techniques mainly from inferential statistics on data collected from a survey conducted to 200 informants. In this paper, special emphasis is placed on the results related to directionality and its influence in the market behavior. In general, there was a large plurality in the informants’ profiles even though it was found that more than half of them were women and that English remained the main working language among translators with a particular strong presence of reverse translation/interpretation (towards a language other than Spanish). Likewise, through this research, it was concluded that several understudied professional and market-related aspects crucial for reading and understanding the work done by translators and interpreters in Colombia more judiciously were identified, described, and problematized.
APPLICATION FEATURES OF CAFFEINE-CONTAINING COMPLEX BY OPERATORS IN DAILY DUTY
Authors: Ganapolsky Vyacheslav P , Grinchuk Svetlana S , Bolekhan Vasily N , Izvozchikova Olga V , Luchnikova Olga V , Rzhepetskaya Marina K , Shchukina Nelli Alekseevna
Published: July 2021

The performance of volunteers-operators of duty shifts, subjected to increased mental and psycho-emotional loads during prolonged operator’s performance using a caffeine-containing complex (chewing gum) has been studied. It has been revealed that in performing their duty shifts under fatigue conditions (a state of monotony), the use of a caffeine-containing complex can lead to a slight improvement in the subjective status against the background of a decrease in the vegetative parameters values of the cardiovascular system (tone of peripheral vessels) (2 tables, bibliography: 8 refs).
INTERACTION BETWEEN OREXIN AND OPIOIDS SYSTEMS OF THE STRUCTURES OF PARAAMYGDALAR COMPLEX IN THE REINFORCING EFFECTS OF SPONTANEOUS AND ACTIVATED SELF-STIMULATION OF THE LATERAL HYPOTHALAMUS
Authors: Shabanov Petr D , Lebedev Andrei Andreevich , Morozov Vitalii Ivanovich , Azarenko Sergei Vladimirivich
Published: July 2021

Male Wistar rats were implanted bipolar electrodes into the lateral hypothalamus to study self-stimulation reaction in the Skinner box and microcannulas into the right lateral ventricle and structutes of the paraamygdalar complex (bed nucleus of stria terminalis, central nucleus of amygdala or nucleus accumbens) to study central effects of orexin (5 µg in 5 µl i. v. for an injection) on the reinforcing properties of pharmacological drugs. Intraperitoneal administration of trimeperidine (3 mg/kg), a synthetic opioid, was shown to increase self-stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in the Skinner box (number of pedal pressings for 10 min) by 51.8%, and sulpiride (5 mg/kg, a small dose), an antagonist of D2 dopamine receptors, did not change but in the large dose (20 mg/kg) decreased self-stimulation by 49.3% (a number of pedal pressings, or self-stimulation frequency within 10 min). At the same time, SB-408124, an antagonist of OX1R receptors and its combination with orexin did not change self-stimulation indexes after intrastructural administration into the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, central nucleus of amygdala or nucleus accumbens. On the background of blockade of OX1R receptors by SB-408124 (1 µg for all structures) trimeperidine reduced their activating action on self-stimulation reaction. Sulpiride (5 mg/kg i. p., a dose not affecting self-stimulation reaction) blocked activating action of trimeperidine after blockade OX1R receptors by SB-408124 (1 µg). The data obtained can suggest that OX1R receptors participate in the reinforcing effects of synthetic opioid trimeperidine and the blockade of them by SB-408124 potentiate antagonist effects of sulpiride on self-stimulation (4 tables, bibliography: 23 refs).
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE POLYMER FOR THE TREATMENT OF FULL NANOBIOCOMPOSITES SKIN DEFECTS
Authors: Zinov'ev Evgeniy V , Asadulaev Marat S , Kostyakov Denis V , Osmanov Kamil F , Stoyanovskiy Roman G , Smirnova Natal'ya V , Shabunin Anton S , Luk'yanov Sergey A
Published: July 2021

The results of the experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of wound dressings based on chitosan nanofibres and copolyamide with treatment of full mechanical skin wounds. To develop their own original technique of mechanical reproduction all layers of the skin wounds in the experiment. It was found that application of wound dressings based on aliphatic copolyamide and chitosan can significantly optimize reparative regeneration processes in the area all layers of the skin defect, thus reducing the time stated scab rejection and wound healing, respectively, 7.5 and 11.2 days (p 0,05). It is shown that the use of coatings based on hyaluronic acid hydrogel is also accompanied by a significant acceleration in the zone histogenesis all layers of the blemishes, shortening the healing period of the final 21% (p 0,05) (4 figs, 1 table, bibliography: 14 refs).
ABOUT THE CONDITIONS OF THE MEDICAL SERVICE OF THE TANK ARMY IN A REGIONAL WAR
Authors: Kulnev Sergey V , Shelepov Anatoliy M , Tsogoev Vladimir E , Latypov Ildar F
Published: July 2021

On the formation conditions of the medical service of army tank during a regional war, a significant impact would provide a number of tactical factors related to the characteristics of each type of operation. Each type of operation - offensive, defensive, and create specific conditions for the organization of medical care (bibliography: 4 refs).
TO THE QUESTION OF THE HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS ARE COMPLETE-SERVICE MEDICAL SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Miroshnichenko Yu V , Kononov Vladimir N , Perfil'ev Aleksandr B , Rodionov Evgeniy O , Likhogra Il'ya A
Published: July 2021

The basis for the formation of authorized equipment equipment of the Russian Armed forces, representit in a specific pattern chosen and systematized assortment of medical products packaged in certain containers were laid in the Petrine era. It is established that many wars and armed conflicts, as well as the development of medicine has become a powerful impetus to the improvement of the equipment of military-medical units and military hospitals. It is shown that the scientists and specialists of the Military medical Academy, Scientific research Institute of sanitation of the red army, the Main military medical Directorate has made a significant contribution to the development of sets of medical property, justified their composition and content, which contributed to the improvement of medical support of troops (forces) (1 figure, 2 tables, bibliography: 8 refs).
Quantitative electrophysiological pattern of neurodegeneration in encephalopathies of various origin
Authors: Gurskaya O E , Tsygan V N , Mirolubov A V
Published: July 2021

Electrophysiological characteristics of patients with encephalopathy of different etiology are presented. Pathogenic mechanisms affecting the electroencephalographic pattern and quantitative components of electroencephalogram are discussed. The aim of the study was to determine a universal quantitative electrophysiological criterion for the evaluation of neurodegenerative changes in the brain of patients with encephalopathy. We analyzed the data of anamnesis, neurological examination, laboratory tests and electroencephalograms from 389 patients with encephalopathy of post-traumatic, infectious, vascular and mixed etiology. Spectral analysis of electroencephalograms was performed and the values of relative quantitative electrophysiological criterion - the ratio of spectral power in the alpha/theta ranges at rest and during the test with hyperventilation were counted. The ratio of spectral power in the alpha/theta ranges was the lowest in patients of older age group and low - in patients with encephalopathy of infectious etiology. The ratio of the spectral power in the alpha-theta ranges in patients with post-traumatic encephalopathy was significantly different depending on the severity of the traumatic brain injury - mild or moderate/severe. We studied the possibilities of practical application of selected electrophysiological criterion - the ratio of spectral power of rhythms in the alpha-theta ranges. We counted this criterion in 150 patients with encephalopathy for the effectiveness evaluation of the neuroprotective therapy with сortexin. The chosen electrophysiological criterion had proved its effectiveness in therapy monitoring in patients with encephalopathy. In this article we demonstrated the advantages of additional neuroprotective therapy with сortexin. Increase in spectral power of alpha rhythm and decrease in spectral power of slow-wave components in the electroencephalographic pattern characterizes successful neuroprotective therapy with neuropeptides, such as сortexin.
Comparative characteristics of the body composition of older women in the presence or absence of genitalia prolapse
Authors: Gaivoronsky I V , Niauri D A , Nichiporuk N G , Kovalev G V
Published: July 2021

Two groups of women aged from 50 to 72 years, conditionally assigned to the senior age category, were examined. The main group of patients was 51 women suffered from the prolapse of genitalia of various degrees. In control group we included 71 women without clinical signs of this disease. The study of the body composition was carried out using bioimpedance scales (Tanita BC-545N fat analyzer, Japan).In both groups the examination was carried out in accordance with the rules of this procedure on the day of hospitalization. The statistically significant differences in the total content of the fat component, the level of visceral fat, as well as the level of physical development between the women of the primary and control groups were revealed. It was established that the patients with prolapse of pelvic organs suffered mainly first and second degrees of obesity, while the control group had normal or excessive body weight. The analysis of the components of the body in patients with prolapse of the genitals indicates a significant change in the ratio of the water-fat balance in comparison with the examined women without this pathology. The bio-impedance measurement is a method for studying the component composition of the body, allowing in a fairly short period of time to assess the state of water, lipid and protein metabolism of an organism, as well as highlight the risk of genital prolapse development.
Influence of various degrees of normobaric hypoxia on the physical working capacity of a person
Authors: Vetryakov O V , Khalimov Yu Sh , Bykov V N , Fisun A Ya
Published: July 2021

Man’s performance of various tasks in mountainous terrain often involves a high-intensity physical load. The influence of an artificial gas medium depleted in oxygen content (corresponding to an altitude of 2500 m above sea level) on the physical working capacity of a person under normal atmospheric pressure was studied. It has been established that the exercise of the veloergometric load of the stepwise increasing power (PWC170 sample) under these conditions leads to the development of mild hypoxic hypoxia, manifested in a decrease in oxygen saturation and an increase in the heart rate with unchanged bloodpressure and working efficiency. Finding a person in conditions of an artificial gas medium corresponding to an oxygen content of 4500 m above sea level at a normal barometric pressure is accompanied by the development of a moderate degree of hypoxic hypoxia with a more pronounced decrease in oxygen saturation and an increase in the heart rate. During the performance of the veloergometric test under these conditions, the PWC170 sample index decreases 1,4 times compared to the background indicators. The received results testify that the development of acute normobaric hypoxia of mild degree does not render essential influenceon physical working capacity of the person, and moderate hypoxia - reduces it. The proposed method can be used to assess the influence of various degrees of hypoxia on the tolerance of physical activity by a person and serve as one of the criteria for the professional selection of specialists for special purposes (military personnel, climbers, geologists, etc.), and to determine the degree of man’s readiness to perform tasks associated with exercise in the mountainous terrain.
Cases of amyloidosis with diabetic encephalopathy
Authors: Golovkin V I , Gulak D A , Garan T A , Magonov I P
Published: July 2021

Basic clinical manifestations of diabetic encephalopathy in pre-stroke and stroke stages in the elderly are considered. Psychometrical tests (Shulte tables of and Mini Mental Score Examination scale) were used to reveal cognitive impairments, which are markers of diabetic encephalopathy progression. The case of intravital visualization of diabetic cerebral angiopathy using magnetic resonance imaging in susceptibility weighted imaging mode was described in detail. And the case of amyloidosis confirmed by kidney biopsy material coloring with Congo Red. The results of immunological examination are given, proving a high rate of Interleukin-1 production - initiator of serum amyloid A synthesis in liver (serum amyloid A). Histories of lethal cases and pathohystological analysis results of ultrathin sections, obtained by the means of cerebrum autopsy with Congo Red coloring, were investigated. Autopsy materials with positive qualitative reaction on amyloid were taken for further analyzing in polarizing light and amyloid typing. AA-amyloid was discovered in all cases. Morphologic characteristic of diabetic encephalopathy was revealed using coloring by hematoxylin, eosin and Van Gieson’s stain: angioedema, microhemorrhagia, leukoaraiosis, gliomatosis and atrophy of neurons. Case of genetic polyorganic AA- amyloidosis, not diagnosed intravital, was described in detail. It was established that impaired protein metabolism with its final conformation in toxic amyloid components of tissues is an early and fairly frequent manifestation of diabetic encephalopathy metabolic disorders. The substantiated opinion, implying the necessity of deep protein metabolism investigation in cases of diabetes complicated with encephalopathy and amyloidosis, is given. The term «diabetic amyloid encephalopathy» is offered to include in diabetic encephalopathy classification.
Endovascular Arterial Embolization in the Treatment of Gastroduodenal Ulcer Bleeding
Authors: Soloviev I A , Musinov I M , Chikin A E , Ganin A S
Published: July 2021

Currently, it is possible to improve the outcome of the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding by reducing the mortality, primarily in patients with a persistent high risk of rebleeding against the background of the conservative treatment and high operational risk. Unacceptably high postoperative mortality in high-risk surgical patients reaching 60%, often forces the surgeons to use the conservative treatment for these patients, which often leads to rebleeding, open surgery despite the high risk and unsatisfactory outcome of the treatment. A minimally invasive technique such as transcatheter embolization of the gastric and duodenal arteries in gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding, allowing to affect the source of bleeding by endovascularization with a minimal surgical trauma, made it possible to achieve hemostasis in 60 of 61 patients (98%). Rebleeding after arterial embolization occurred in 3 patients (5%). In 51 patients (85%), endovascular hemostasis was permanent. Additionally, 6 patients (10%) underwent delayed surgery at different times after arterial embolization. Overall mortality in high-risk surgical patients was 9.2% and was not related to arterial embolization, which compares this data favorably with many literary sources. With its impact, arterial embolization with an adhesive composite based on N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate is an alternative to the surgical treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding and an operation of choice for high-risk surgical patients.
Hormonal status in patients with solitary and multyple cysts of the breast
Authors: Dzidzava I I , Odintsov V A , Bakhovadinova Sh B , Kovalenko N A , Iontsev V I , Apchel V Ya
Published: July 2021

The hormonal status was studied in patients with solitary and multiple cysts of the breast. Sex hormones, being a regulator of the normal physiological processes of most organs and systems, are traditionally considered one of the key factors in the development and progression of tumors in the organs of the reproductive system, including the mammary glands. It was revealed that solitary cysts were most often localized in one mammary gland (42,8%), while multiple cysts were located more often in both mammary glands (57,2%). It was found that in 43,2% of cases the cysts were located in the upper thoracic quadrant of the breast, in 5,6% of cases in the lower, quadrant, 3.2% in the lower inner quadrant, 9,6% in the upper quadrant, and the diffuse the defeat of two quadrants and more was revealed in 38,4% of observations, which is associated with the features of the morphofunctional characteristics of structural units of the breast and the architectonics of the milk ducts. In most cases, cysts with apocrine metaplasia (52,8%) were detected, less common proliferation (32,8%) and squamous metaplasia (14,4%) were less common. Cytological examination of the contents of the cysts of the breast can reveal apocrine metaplasia or hyperplasia of the epithelium - pathogenetically important markers of the risk of breast cancer. It was found that the predominance of cystic changes in the mammary gland at the peri-postmenopausal age correlates with a decrease in the levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones, with the exception of the normal values of total testosterone. In groups of early and late reproductive age, there was a tendency to increase the concentration of luteinizing hormone and estradiol in the blood serum. Thus, patients with solitary and multiple cysts of the breast in different age periods against a background of hormonal imbalance need an individual medical-diagnostic approach with echographic semiotics of pathological changes and determination of the hormonal status.
Experience of dermatological patients’ treatment in the psychosomatic unit
Authors: Kochorova L V , Maksimova A A , Skripov V S
Published: July 2021

The patients’ attitude to the possibility of combining the traditional treatment of the basic dermatological disease with psychotherapeutic methods, based on the results of medical and social research, is determined. A social portrait of a dermatological patient of a psychosomatic department has been drawn up, which requires an individual approach in the treatment process. Of all the examined patients, 38,5% of patients had a dermatologic diagnosis, included in the rubric«Dermatitis and eczema». In the structure of psychiatric pathology, the greatest contribution (30,6%) was made by disorders related to the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision to the heading «Organic, including symptomatic psychiatric disorders». The combination of anxious and depressive states have 23,9% of patients, depression - 19,6%, anxiety - 13,1% of the patients surveyed. Anxiety disorders are more common in women than in men - 22,7% versus4,2%. In addition, 13% assess their mood as poor, and 56,5% as satisfactory. It was found that 67,4% of patients consider treatment in the psychosomatic department more effective than in the usual dermatological department. 65,2% of patients note improvement of their psycho-emotional background from the moment of treatment start. It has also been established that patients understand the causes of their underlying illness and the importance of comprehensive treatment that is, both treating the dermatological disease and correcting the mental status with the help of various psychotherapeutic techniques. The compliance of patients with the use of methods of psychotherapeutic influence was revealed. 73,9% of patients note the importance of the psychotherapeutic approach during the inpatient phase of treatment, and 50% expressed a desire to continue receiving psychotherapeutic counseling after discharge from the hospital.
The skin test with tuberculous recombinant allergen AT successful treated patients with lung tuberculosis
Authors: Balasanyants G S , Skotnikova N V , Dantsev V V
Published: July 2021

38 patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis, immediately after the end of the main course of treatment, when they were transferred to the third group of dispensary supervision (6-9 months) and when they were removed from the dispensary supervision (2-3 years later), a skin test with an allergen tuberculous recombinant was made. The positive skin test with tuberculosis recombinant allergen was defined at 20 patients - 13 mm. At the moment of removing to the III group only one skin test with tuberculosis allergen recombinant became negative, 19 (94,5%) patients had positive reactions - 13±2,3 mm. At the time of discharging from dispensary the positive reactions were determined at 16 (80%) cases - 10±2,3 mm, p0,05. In this group, 13 (65%) patients had normergic skin tests with tuberculosis allergen recombinant and 7 (35%) - hyperergic tests. At the time of removing to the III group at five from seven patients with hyperergic tests the results remained the same, median and at the moment of discharging from tuberculosis service only one patient had the hyperergic skin test with tuberculosis allergen recombinant - 18mm. Among patients with normergic skin tests with tuberculosis allergen recombinant at the time of group III removing median was 11±2,1 mm. At the last dynamic control the normergic results were determined at 15 (75%) patients and the tests median remained almost unchanged - 10±1,8 mm, the differences are reliable compared to the initial data (p0,05). In group which included 18 patients with negative skin tests with tuberculous allergen recombinant, the skin response stayed negative throughout all examination period except for one patient so patients of this group had not only clinical, radiological and bacteriological, but immunological signs of involution of the tuberculosis process. The study of the influence of clinical, epidemic and social factors to skin reaction showed that first group patients were significantly more likely to be unemployed (30% versus 5,5%; p0,05) whereas in second group married patients were reliably registered (61,1% versus 25%; p0,05). Other factors differed unreliably.
The role of early prosthetic help in the system of rehabilitation of the military personnel with military trauma: organizational, legal and methodical aspects
Authors: Suslyaev V G , Vladimirova O N , Shcherbina K K , Sokurov A V , Zhdanov Yu I , Chupryaev V A
Published: July 2021

The role and the place of early use of technical means of rehabilitation in the system of complex rehabilitation of patients and disabled people owing to a military trauma is considered. Need of early providing the needing persons with technical means of rehabilitation is proved during recovery treatment, including before establishment by him of disability and formation of the individual program of rehabilitation and an abilitation of disabled people. The efficiency of the developed non-plaster technology of prosthetics manufacturing techniques of artificial limbs of the lower extremities is proved by express method, options of her execution are offered. The first option of production of products on this technology consists in use of polymeric silicone covers and the water-hardening polymeric bandage directly on the patient’s stump. The second option of prosthetics is applied at some defects and diseases of a stump excluding application of silicone covers and full contact individual reception sleeves. For this purpose at production of medical and training artificial limbs of a shin and hip adjustable demountable reception sleeves from thermolayers for right-and left-side amputating defects are used. These options of prosthetics by express method are innovative, are aimed at early rendering the prosthetic and orthopedic help to patients with amputating defects. At production of artificial limbs on these technology domestic materials, modular and not modular accessories are used. The modular complete set of medical and training artificial limbs provides fast and individual setting up the scheme of construction, the individual choice of combinations of functional elements taking into account group of physical activity of the patient, a possibility of replacement of a reception sleeve and any of product elements without withdrawal of an artificial limb at the user. In need of service of a product, for example repair, replacement of the module (artificial foot, a knee) there is no requirement of urgent production of a similar design. Adjustable reception sleeves for primary artificial limbs of a shin and hip in the form of a standard series and moisture-curing bandage can add the list of products of medical appointment in laying for expansion of medical institutions during the special period.
Dynamics of recovery of speech and cognitive impairment in different periods of ischemic stroke
Authors: Guzeva V I , Bykova O N , Guzeva V V , Guzeva O V , Smirnova V V , Pavlova N V
Published: July 2021

The results of the dynamics of speech and other cognitive functions restoration in all periods of ischemic stroke have been established. In the study of speech functions, the motor form of aphasia was more often diagnosed (in 59,1% of cases). In the acute period of ischemic stroke in 80% of cases, speech disorders of severe severity were detected. It was statistically proved that the motor component of speech recovered faster than the touch one. For example, all patients, suffering from sensory aphasia the earlier rehabilitation period ischemic stroke, a volume of understanding speeches sufficiently limited. Parognosia was diagnosed with 50% of patients, in 25% of cases, a violation of phonemic hearing was reviled. At follow-up study there is a positive dynamic in the form of restoration of the impressive component of speech, 75% of patients relatively freely understand human speech. At an in the acute period of ischemic stroke spontaneous speech is changed (lateral and verbal paraphasia is diagnosed in all patients). Polyphasia phenomena had been diagnosed with 50% of patients. Repetitive and dialogue form of speech highly limited. In a late period, polyphasia had been diagnosed with 25% examined. Improvement in the form of a decrease in the number of literal and verbal paraphases was reviled with 75% of patients. 80% of patients were able to dialogue form of speech. In general dynamics of indicators of the degree of speech recovery in women is slightly higher than in men, and does not depend on the age of patients. It was revealed that the most effective speech was restored in the first year after the acute cerebrovascular accident. The restoration of the impressive component of speech was faster in all forms of aphasia. A high level of quality of life was noted in patients with baseline less impaired mobility (an index of Riverbed, Rs=0,68; p=0,01) and less dependent on others (Barthel index, Rs=0,43; p=0,003). Prognostically unfavourable facts for speech restoration include the area of ischemic focus more than 0,8 cm. When assessing cognitive functions in the residual period, 85% of patients were diagnosed with moderate disorders, 15% of patients were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. The obtained data substantiate the need to optimize speech therapy assistance in all periods of ischemic stroke.
State of the lipid spectrum and coagulation system of blood in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of vessels of the lower extremities living in mountain conditions near uranium tailings
Authors: Suranova G Z , Dergunov A V , Tuhvatshin R R , Namazbekov M N
Published: July 2021

In Kirgizstan, radionuclides enter the environment from rock dumps and uranium tailings. Therefore, the problem of adaptation, life, preservation, working capacity of the population in these conditions is of great scientific and practical important. Тhe prevalence of diseases associated with disorders of endothelial disfunction and the hemostasis system. In the pathogenesis of these diseases the activation of the blood coagulation and thrombosis play the main role. We investigated the relationship of lipid metabolism and coagulation system of blood of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of vessels of lower extremities, with concomitant arterial hypertension, who live in the mountains in close proximity to uranium tailings. It was found that this category has changes in the lipid profile, manifested by a high level of both atherogenic (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol fractions. These patients have revealed trends in hyper coagulation of the plasma mechanism of hemostasis, in the form of shortening of prothrombin, thrombin and activated thromboplastin time with hypefibrinogenemia amid a downward trend in fibrinolytic activity. Complex, statistically significant correlation between lipid profile and coagulation components of homeostasis. According to the results of the study, it is recommended to conduct an annual dispensary observation of the population living in mountainous conditions near uranium tailings for early detection and timely treatment of endothelial dysfunction and homeostasis system.
Experience with the use of daptomycin in patients with infective endocarditis oncohematological and cardiosurgical profile
Authors: Khubulava VV GG , Turin V P , Koltsov A V , Fisun A Ya , Fisun A Ya
Published: July 2021

The study of the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy with daptomycin in the treatment of gram-positive infection in 44 patients with infectious endocarditis was conducted. Primary infectious endocarditis developed in 15 patients, including 3 patients who were observed for oncohematological diseases (acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome). In 29 patients secondary endocarditis was diagnosed, among the secondary forms of the disease endocarditis prevailed after cardiac surgery. In 32 patients, the bacteriological study revealed the pathogen. Among the identified pathogens included: 7 patients - methicillin-sensitive S. aureus,5 - methicillin-resistant S. aureus, 3 - methicillin-resistant S. Epidermidis in 9 - Enterococcus faecalis, 8 - Streptococcus bovis. All patients were prescribed antibacterial therapy with daptomycin, in monotherapy and in combination with beta-lactams, and surgical treatment was also performed. The average dose of daptomycin was 6,9±0,8 mg/kg/ day, the average duration of treatment 26,2±9,4 days. In 20 (45,4%) patients, repeated surgical treatment with a positive result were performed, there were no fatal outcomes among the operated patients. Of the 44 patients treated with daptomycin, 5 died (due to the inability to provide surgical treatment), in 1 case an early relapse of infectious endocarditis developed, in other cases there was a positive dynamics on the background of treatment, the resolution of infectious complications. No cases of resistance of the infectious agent to daptomycin have been reported. Thus, the use of daptomycin in the treatment of gram-positive infections in patients with cardiosurgical and oncohematological profile is justified and shows good results in tolerability and effectiveness both in monotherapy and in combination with other antibiotics.
Condition and measures to improve dental care for the population of the Southern Federal district of Russia
Authors: Iordanishvili A K , Volodin A I
Published: July 2021

Рresents information on the level of dental care for the urban and rural population of the Southern FederalDistrict of the Russian Federation, which were obtained based on dental examination data of 3658 adults (1524 men and2134 women) of young and middle-aged (from 21 to 59 years) city and countryside. It was established that urban residentshad significantly lesser untreated carious lesions, including caries of the filled tooth, and removed teeth that were not restoredwith dentures. The main causes of tooth loss, regardless of sex and place of residence, were complicated caries (periodontitis)and periodontal pathology (periodontitis heavier). In men and women living in the city, the intensity of the carious processwas 11,54±0,82 and 9,14±0,67, respectively; while those living in rural areas, respectively, 12,26±0,64 and 11,44±0,68. Thelevel of dental care varied significantly depending on the place of residence and, regardless of gender, the urban populationwas characterized as satisfactory (the index of the level of dental care for men is 53,47%; for women is 60,5%), and ruralresidents as insufficient (the index of the level of dental care for men is 39,07%; for women is 40,12%). The need to improvethe material and technical base of state (municipal) medical and preventive institutions providing dental care to rural residents,as well as the resumption of the work of dental mobile teams or mobile dental offices, based at the regional, regional anddistrict hospitals. It was noted that industrial and agricultural enterprises can help the dental health of villagers greatly byorganizing dental offices with their medical-sanitary units and medical centers.
Age features of the teething of wisdom at persons of military age
Authors: Korovin N V , Grebnev G A , Iordanishvili A K
Published: July 2021

Pathology of an eruption of wisdom teeth is importance for a military odontology because the vast majority of the military contingents on age coincides with time of their physiological eruption (16-40 years). In work, on the basis of clinic-radial methods of a research, features of a teething of wisdom at young people of military age are studied and analyzed 3D-tomograms and orthopantomograms of 325 servicemen aged from 18 up to 27 years. During work estimated existence of wisdom teeth on top and lower jaws, extent of their eruption, existence of a retention (or dystopias) and also an adentia or loss of wisdom teeth. It was established that most often eruption of the third molar teeth of jaws at recruits occurs at the age of 23-27 years, at the same time at a series of recruits eruption of the lower wisdom teeth usually is followed by various complications, such as pericoronitis, an acute purulent periostitis of a mandible, a false «acute periodontitis» of the lower second molar tooth that becomes perceptible at mesial shift of a wisdom tooth and dense contact of its coronal part with a distal root of the second molar tooth. The essential value for a full-fledged teething of wisdom has their situation in an alveolar process (part) of a jaw, and further - in dentition. It in many respects defines a clinical picture of the shown eruption complications and also tactics of stomatologic treatment - orthodontic treatment, surgical treatment or their combinations. The infectious and inflammatory complications bound to the complicated their eruption (85,93% of cases) served as the reasons of an exodontia of wisdom. In 14,07% of cases wisdom teeth on both jaws were extracted in a planned order in connection with the forthcoming orthodontic treatment on elimination of dentoalveolar anomalies. Thus, terms and features of a teething of wisdom at recruits need to be considered in clinical practice of a military odontology as their military service can pass in specific living conditions and activity of troops and health service, and at complications of a teething of wisdom the acute stomatologic surgical management, including stationary is in most cases necessary.
The possibilities of computed tomography heart-axis-oriented multiplanar reformations in diagnostics of common arterial trunk
Authors: Sadykova G K , Zheleznyak I S , Ipatov V V , Ryazanov V V
Published: July 2021

The possibility of using multiplanar reformations oriented on the axis of heart in diagnosing the common arterial trunk with X-ray computed tomography is substantiated. Examination data of 140 patients aged 1-19 days of life, 3030-3890 g body weight with conotruncal congenital heart diseases was analyzed, and common arterial trunk was detected in 7 patients (4 - boys, 3 - girls). In 5 (72%) patients, it developed mainly from the morphological right ventricle, 1 (14%) - completely from the morphologically right ventricle, and 1 more (14%) - evenly located above the ventricles. In four (57%) cases, the trunk valve had three leaflets, in two (28,5%) cases - two, in one (14,5%) case - four. All the patients had mitral-semilunar fibrous prolongation, intraventricular septal defects, doubled coronary arteries system, and the pulmonary arteries had their origin from ascendant part of common trunk. Pulmonary arteries had also their own common trunk in 4 (57%) cases, separate estuary in 3 (43%) cases. Aortic arc abnormalities included dextral aortic arc (2 cases), discontinuity of aortic arc (1 case), discontinuity of fourth aortic arc with persistence of fifth left aortic arc (2 cases). In general, computed tomographic angiocardiography heart-axis-oriented multiplanar reformations permit full and correct assessment of heart and main vessels, which is important for surgical treatment planning in congenital heart diseases.
The diagnostic value of indicators of acid-forming and pepsinoguena functions of the stomach in the detection of precancerous changes of the gastric mucosa in patients with chronic gastritis
Authors: Pavlovich I M , Alper G A , Gordienko A V
Published: July 2021

It was found that in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, low gastric secretory functions are present in the localization of atrophy in the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach with a tendency to decrease in indices as the degree of atrophy increases and are not associated with the presence of disregenerative changes in the gastric mucosa (intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia). Reduced levels of pepsin in gastric juice and reduced levels of pepsinogen in the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach reliably reflect the presence of severe atrophy of the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach. However, neither the concentration of pepsinogen in the tissues of the mucous membrane of the body of the stomach nor the level of pepsin in the gastric juice make it possible to differentiate the degree of atrophy of the gastric mucosa. The most profound disregenerative changes in gastric mucosa such as colonic metaplasia or dysplasia were detected, accordingly in 18,4 and 10,5% of patients. The presence of intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia causes a low activity of pepsinogen-pepsin. It worth noting that in case of the presence of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia there is a significant difference between indicators of the concentration of pepsinogen-pepsin and those at patients with chronic gastritis, but without disregenerative changes of the mucous membrane. Also was found an association between the severity of disregenerative changes in the gastric mucosa and the degree of the reduction of pepsin-forming function.
Informative value of various methods used to study fungi in paranasal sinuses` noninvasive mycosis
Authors: Mironov V G , Bannikov S A , Boiko N V
Published: July 2021

The increase in the number of patients with persistent viral infection, as well as the use of antibacterial drugs, caused the increase in the population of patients with a high risk of developing fungal diseases. In the content of paranasal sinuses, a more than half of the patients with chronic sinusitis showed fungi or fungal-microbial associations. Despite the fact that the epidemiological data in the publications of modern national and foreign researchers on fungal rhinosinusitis are rather discrepant, it is quite decisive that the prevalence of fungal sinusitis has a significant tendency to grow, especially in the last decade. The informativeness of the microscopic, microbiological, and pathomorphological studies of the surgical material with the aim of fungal balls detection. The results contents of paranasal sinuses in 148 patients who had undergone endonasal endoscopic surgical intervention. Computer tomography the maxillary sinus in 113 patients, in the sphenoidal sinus in 25 patients, in the ethmoidal sinus in 7 patients, and in the frontal sinus in 3 patients. With microscopy of native material and preparations stained with white flour white, the presence of fungi is revealed 114 and 136 patients (77 and 91,9%) correspondingly. When sowing the contents of the sinuses onto elective media its cultivation under two temperature conditions (28 and 37оС) revealed growth of filamentous fungi in 26 (17,6%) patients. Histopathological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of a fungal ball in 128 (86,5%) patients. The most informative method for detecting the fungal body is the microscopy of preparations stained with white flour white.