bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM TERHADAP TINGGI TA NAMAN DAN BERAT SEGAR PER RUMPUN RUMPUT GAJAH ODOT (Pennisetum purpureum cv. mott) The Effect Row Spacing to Plant High and Fresh Weight per Clump of Dwarf Nafier (Pennisetum purpureum cv. mott)
Authors: Kusdiana Dina , Hadist Ibrahim , Herawati Ervi
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam terhadap tinggi tanaman dan berat segar per rumpun rumput gajah odot (Pennisetum purpureum cv.mott). Penelitian ini dilakukan di CIkajang kabupaten Garut, dimulai bulan Juni sampai bulan Agustus 2016. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 macam perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan yaitu : Pâ‚ = 60 cm x 60 cm, Pâ‚‚ = 70 cm x 70 cm, Pâ‚ƒ = 80 cm x 80 cm, Pâ‚„ = 90 cm x 90 cm and Pâ‚… = 100 cm x 100 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh jarak tanam terhadap berat segar per rumpun tetapi jarak tanam memberikan pengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dalam setiap petak.

Kata kunci : jarak tanam, rumput gajah, tinggi tanaman, dan berat segar

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of row spacing to plant high and fresh weight per clump of dwarf nafier (Pennisetum purpureum cv. mott). The experiment conducted in Cikajang Garut district, start at June until to August 2016. The method used in this experiment is Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consist of 5 treatments and 4 replicated there are 20 unites of study namely : Pâ‚ = 60 cm x 60 cm, Pâ‚‚ = 70 cm x 70 cm, Pâ‚ƒ = 80 cm x 80 cm, Pâ‚„ = 90 cm x 90 cm and Pâ‚… = 100 cm x 100 cm. The result showed : there is not effect of row spacing number of fresh weight per clump but the row spacing has effect are of plant high at the compartment.

Keywords : Row spacing, dwarf nafier, plant high and fresh weight
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MOLASES TERHADAP NILAI pH DAN KADAR AIR PADA FERMENTASI DAUN GAMAL (The Effect Addition Molases on fermentation Gliricidia sepium LEAF to pH Value and Water Content)
Authors: Herawati Ervi , Royani Mega
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan molasses pada proses fermentasi daun gamal terhadap nilai pH dan kadar air yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan di ulang sebanyak 4 kali. Perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri dari R1= Penambahan 1% molasses, R2= Penambahan 2% molasses R3= Penambahan 3% molasses, R4= Penambahan 4% molasses dan R5= Penambahan 5% molasses. Untuk menguji lebih lanjut perbedaan rata-rata pada setiap perlakuan dilakukan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan molasses berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai pH pada fermentasi daun gamal, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air. Penambahan molasses sebanyak 4% menunjukkan rata â€“rata nilai pH terbaik yaitu sebesar 4,2 terhadap hasil fermentasi daun gamal.

Kata kunci: Molases, pH, Kadar Air, Fermentasi, Gamal

Abstract
This study aimed to finding out the effects addition molases on fermentation Gliricidia sepium leaf to pH and water value. The research method used was Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment is, R1= increment 1% molasses, R2= increment 2% molasses R3= increment 3% molasses, R4= increment 4% molasses dan R5= increment 5% molasses. The results showed the addition molases on fermentation Gliricidia sepium leaf was significant effect on pH value of fermentation Gliricidia sepium leaf but no significant effect on water content. The addition molasses which 4% resulted that the best in average pH value of 4.2 to fermentation Gliricidia sepium leaf.

Keywords: molasses, pH, water content, fermentation, Gliricidia sepium
PENGARUH FERMENTASI LIMBAH ISI GIZZARD (LIGAB) DAN DEDAK DENGAN Trichoderma TERHADAP KADAR AIR DAN PROTEIN KASAR
Authors: Ginanjar Deni , Nurhayatin Titin , Herawati Ervi
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fermentasi limbah isi gizzard dan dedak padi dengan Trichoderma terhadap kadar air dan protein kasar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas Garut dan Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Kimia Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), menggunakan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, perlakuan terdiri dari : P1= 90% LIGAB+5% dedak + 5% Trichoderma, P2= 85% LIGAB+10% dedak + 5% Trichoderma, P3= 80% LIGAB+15% dedak + 5% Trichoderma, P4= 75% LIGAB+20% dedak + 5% Trichoderma, P5= 70% LIGAB+25% dedak + 5% Trichoderma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P5 dapat menurunkan kadar air dan meningkatkan protein kasar bahan pakan.

Kata kunci: fermentasi, isi gizzard, dedak, Trichoderma, protein
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI BUNGKIL KEDELAI DENGAN Indigofera zollingeriana HASIL FERMENTASI TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK PELLET SETELAH MASA PENYIMPANAN SATU BULAN (Effect Of Soybean Meal Substitution With Indigofera Zollingeriana Fermented Products On Physical Properties Of Pellets After One Month Storage Period)
Authors: Febriyanti Tina Ayu , Hadist Ibrahim , Royani Mega , Herawati Ervi
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari substitusi bungkil kedelai dengan Indigofera zollingeriana hasil fermentasi terhadap sifat fisik pellet setelah masa penyimpanan satu bulan. Penelitian uji sifat fisik pellet dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai September 2018 yang bertempat di Laboratorium terpadu Fakultas Pertanian UNIGA. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu Metode Eksperiental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, yaitu : R0 = Bungkil kedelai 26%, Indigofera fermentasi 0%; R1 = Bungkil kedelai 19,5%, Indigofera fermentasi 6,5%; R2 = Bungkil kedelai 13%, Indigofera fermentasi 13%; R3= Bungkil kedelai 6,5%, Indigofera fermentasi 19,5%; R4 = Bungkil kedelai 0%, Indigofera fermentasi 26%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan Indigofera zollingeriana sampai level 26% tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap sifat fisik Pellet setelah masa penyimpanan satu bulan.

Â¬Kata-kata Kunci :Indigofera zollingeriana, Pellet, Sifat fisik, Penyimpanan

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of substitution of soybean meal with Indigofera zollingeriana fermentation on the physical properties of pellets after a one-month storage period. Research on physycal properties of pellets was conducted from April to September 2018 which is located at the UNIGA Agriculture Faculty Integrated Laboratory. The method used is the Experimental Method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications, that is : R0 = 26% soybean meal, 0% fermented Indigofera; R1 = 19.5% soybean meal, fermented Indigofera 6.5%; R2 = 13% soybean meal, fermented Indigofera 13%; R3 = 6.5% soybean meal, fermented Indigofera 19.5%; R4 = 0% soybean meal, 26% fermented Indigofera. Based on the results of the study showed that addition of indigofera zollingeriana to level 26% did not have a significant effect on the physical properties of pellets after a one-month storage period

Keywords: Indigofera zollingeriana, Pellets, Physical properties, Storage
IDENTIFIKASI UKURAN-UKURAN TUBUH DOMBA GARUT JANTAN TANGKAS DI ARENA KETANGKASAN DOMBA RANCABANGO KABUPATEN GARUT (Identification Of Body Sizes On Fight Garut Ram In Arena Agility Sheep Rancabango Garut Regency)
Authors: Rohayati Tati , Herawati Ervi
Published: May 2021

Abstrak

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di arena ketangkasan Rancabango Kabupaten Garut pada tanggal 07 Januari 2018, bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran-ukuran tubuh domba garut jantan tangkas yang meliputi tinggi pundak, panjang badan, dan lingkar dada di arena ketangkasan domba Rancabango. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analitik dengan penentuan sampel berdasarkan teknik random sampling. Jumlah domba garut jantan tangkas yang diteliti sebanyak 57 ekor (30%) dari jumlah populasi domba garut jantan tangkas yang terdaptar di panitia sebanyak 190 ekor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tinggi pundak 80,19 Â± 3,07 cm dengan nilai koefisien variasi 3,82 %, panjang badan 76,25 Â± 5,07 cm dengan nilai koefisien variasi 5,07 %, dan lingkar dada 94,96 Â± 5,49 cm dengan nilai koefisien variasi 5,78 %. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran-ukuran tubuh domba garut jantan tangkas di arena ketangkasan domba Rancabango sudah sesuai dengan standar SNI bahkan berada di atas standar SNI yaitu tinggi pundak minimum 73 cm, panjang badan minimum 61 cm, dan lingkar dada minimum 87 cm.

Kata Kunci : tinggi pundak, panjang badan, lingkar dada, domba, tangkas

Abstract

This research was conducted in the arena agility Rancabango, Garut Regency on January 7, 2018. This study aim to determine the body sizes of fight garut ram which includes shoulder height, body length, and chest circumference in the arena agility Rancabango. The method used in this research is analytical descriptive with sample determination based on random sampling. The number of fights ram that examined as many as 57 tail (30%) of the total population of fight ram that there are as many as 190 tails. The results showed that the average shoulder height of 80.19 Â± 3.07 cm with the coefficient of variation 3.82%, body length of 76.25 Â± 5.07 cm with the coefficient of variation 5.07%, and the chest circumference of 94, 96 Â± 5.49 cm with a coefficient of variation 5.78%. This indicates that the body sizes of fight garut ram in the arena agility Rancabango is accordance with SNI standards even above the SNI standard is the minimum shoulder height of 73 cm, minimum body length of 61 cm, and a minimum chest circumference of 87 cm.

Keywords : shoulder height, body length, chest circumference, sheep, fight ram.
PENINGKATAN NILAI TAMBAH TERHADAP NIRA AREN MELALUI PENGGUNAAN PENGAWET ALAMI
Authors: Quddus Ati Atul , Rostwentivaivi Vela
Published: May 2021

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara produsen gula di dunia, namun industri gula dalam negeri masih belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan gula dalam negerinya sendiri. Kondisi swasembada gula diupayakan melalui pengembangan gula tebu dan melalui sumber bahan baku lain, salah satunya adalah tanaman aren. Menurut data Dinas Perkebunan Provinsi Jawa Barat (2015), Jawa Barat memiliki areal panen aren seluas 14.204 Ha, dengan produksi 22.489 ton dan produktivitas mencapai 2.781 kg/Ha. Daerah Pasir Mukti di desa Tenjowaringin merupakan daerah penghasil aren di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Provinsi Jawa Barat. Nira aren yang berasal dari tangkai bunga jantan merupakan bahan untuk memproduksi gula aren. Mutu nira sangat menentukan mutu gula aren. Nira aren cepat mengalami perubahan menjadi asam karena terjadinya proses fermentasi, biasanya diakibatkan karena terlambatnya perlakuan pengolahan setelah penyadapan, ataupun karena tidak bersihnya alat penampung nira tersebut. Banyak penelitian sudah dilakukan untuk memperpanjang umur simpan nira. Salah satu diantaranya dengan menambahkan pengawet alami. Masyarakat Pasir Mukti dulunya biasa menggunakan pengawet alami untuk mempertahankan mutu nira, yaitu daun tanaman hiris (Cajanus cajan) yang ditumbuk atau dihaluskan lalu dimasukkan ke dalam nira aren. Masyarakat biasanya menambahkan gula yang sudah masak ke dalam nira. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio nilai tambah gula aren sebesar 44 persen sedangkan nira aren sebesar 80 persen. Keuntungan yang diterima pemilik jasa faktor-faktor produksi pada produk gula aren adalah 43 persen dan nira aren 32 persen. Kedua produk ini masih memiliki peluang besar dalam peningkatan produksinya.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP KERUPUK SAGU DI DESA PASAR BARU, KECAMATAN PANGEAN, KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Baniyoso Adji , Vermila Chezy WM , Hadi Nariman
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama enam bulan yang dimulai pada bulan Februari sampai bulan Juli 2018 di Desa Pasar Baru Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap Kerupuk Sagu di Desa Pasar Baru Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Untuk menganalisis data digunakan Metode Deskriptif, Metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) dan Metode Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Hasil penelitian menunujkan bahwa karakteristik umum responden sebagian besar berusia 36-50 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan. Sebagian besar responden adalah lulusan Sarjana (S1), berprofesi sebagai pegawai swasta dan pendapatan rumah tangga responden per bulan berkisar antara Rp. 1.500.000-2.000.000,-. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian nilai Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) adalah 0,5213 atau tingkat kepuasan konsumen berada pada angka 52,13 persen yang berada pada kriteria puas. Dengan demikian, keseluruhan atribut kerupuk sagu telah memuaskan konsumennya.

Kata Kunci : Kerupuk Sagu, IPA, CSI, Kepuasan Konsumen
ANALISIS PENGARUH KEPUASAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN PASAR KAGET BERASTAGI
Authors: Br Sembiring Menanti
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kepuasan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan pada Pasar Kaget Berastagi. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil pengolahan data diperoleh persamaan Regresi Y = 3,761 + 0,868X + e. Nilai koefisien determinasi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,822 yang berarti bahwa 82,20 persen loyalitas pelanggan Pasar Kaget Berastagi dipengaruhi oleh kepuasan pelanggan sedangkan sisanya sebesar 17,80 persen dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini kepuasan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan Pasar Kaget Berastagi. Untuk itu disarankan kepada pedagang Pasar Kaget Berastagi agar tetap memperhatikan kepuasan pelangannya. Kata Kunci : Kepuasan Konsumen, Loyalitas Pelanggan, Pasar Kaget Brastagi ABSTRACT This research is conducted for observing and analyzing the influence of satisfaction towards customerâ€™s loyalty at Pasar Kaget Berastagi. Primary data is collected by questionnarie. Data analyzing method which is used is by simple linier regression analysis. The result of data tabulation obtained regression equation Y = 3,761 + 0,868X + e. The value of determination coefficient obtained as 0,822which mean that 82,20 persen of customerâ€™s loyalty at Pasar Kaget Berastagi is influenced by customer satisfaction meanwhile the rest as 17,80 persen is influenced by another factor which is not observed by this research. Conclusion in this reasearch is the satisfaction has an influence towards custemerâ€™s loyalty at Pasar Kaget Berastagi significantly. Consequently, it is advised to marketeer of Pasar Kaget Berastagi to be consistent to consider their customer satisfaction. Keywords : Satisfaction, Customer Loyalt, Pasar Kaget Brastagi.
ANALISIS DAYA SAING EKSPOR BIJI KAKAO INDONESIA KE MALAYSIA
Authors: Manalu Doni Sahat Tua
Published: May 2021

Indonesia merupakan penghasil kakao terbesar ketiga di dunia. Sebagian besar kakao dijual dengan ekspor. Maka pemerintah menerapkan peraturan yang membatasi ekspor kakao. Menurunnya ekspor kakao mengakibatkan turunnya produksi kakao. Maka diperlukan analisis tentang daya saing perdagangan kakao. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah menganalisis daya saing ekspor biji kakao (kode HS 18010) Indonesia ke pasar Malaysia serta menganalisis kebijakan perdagangan kakao Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan data sekunder dengan jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dan diperoleh dari Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan, Badan Pusat Statistik, International Trade Statistics Database (UN Comtrade) serta penelitian-penelitian terdahulu yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai rata-rata RCA biji kakao Indonesia ke Malaysia dari tahun 1991 â€“ 2017 adalah sebesar 22, artinya Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang relaitf tinggi. Namun, pada periode 2011 â€“ 2017, nilai RCA cenderung menurun karena tidak banyaknya pengolahan kakao di Indonesia sehingga komoditas yang di ekspor hanya mengandalkan hasil primer berupa biji kakao. Nilai ekspor biji kakao sebagai bahan mentah menjadi faktor yang memengaruhi nilai ekspor yang rendah karena produk tidak diolah sehingga tidak memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi. Daya saing ekspor biji kakao Indonesia di pasar internasional dengan negara tujuan Malaysia secara keseluruhan masih memiliki keunggulan komparatif karena biayanya yang rendah dibandingkan negara lain sehingga Indonesia mampu bersaing.
La SSR devra diffuser un spot de VgT qui la critique
Authors: Cottier Bertil
Published: May 2021

L’association de défense des animaux Verein gegen Tierfabriken (VgT) a remporté un nouveau succès devant la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme: la SSR est obligée de diffuser un spot publicitaire dénonçant le fait qu’elle passait systématiquement sous silence les campagnes de VgT. Les juges de Strasbourg ont estimé que le message contribuait au débat public; de nature idéale, et non commerciale, il doit pouvoir bénéficier de la plus large audience possible. En conséquence, la SSR doit tolérer une atteinte à sa réputation.
An Ayurvedic management of PCOD: A Review
Authors: Chikhalekar Supriya , Bansode Ramesh
Published: May 2021

PCOD can be managed with Ayurvedic diet. Ovarian Syndrome is one of the most common female endocrine disorders affecting approximately 5% to 10% of women of reproductive age and is thought to be one of theleading causes of female sub-fertility. The symptoms of PCOS may begin in adolescence with menstrual irregularities, infertility, high levels of masculinising hormones, metabolic syndromes.In Ayurveda, this condition is not explained as a single disease, but can be  under the headings of Yonivyapad and Artavadushti. In this study, elementary books of Ayurveda and modern were searched and analyzed for proper utilization in prevention and cure of PCOS. PCOS is an emerging problem among women leading to endocrine dysfunction.Treatment modalities aim at clearing obstruction in pelvis, treating Agnimandhya at Jatharagni,Dhatwagni level and alleviating Srotoavarodha and ultimately regularizing the Apana Vata. PCOD can be managed with Ayurvedic dietary management.
Internal and external treatment for Kushtha mentioned in Bhihattraye-A Review.
Authors: DESHMUKH PRIYANKA , Madhumati Nawkar , Kachare Prashant  P.
Published: May 2021

kusththa disease is hard and chronic to treat so that kushtha considered as dushchikitsya.kushtha is tridoshatmak hence all types of treatment Shodhana,  Shamana and Bahiparimarjana are useful in kushtha.The frequent Shodhana is necessary in kushtha.Acharya Sushruta in chikitsa 9/43 and Acharya Vagbhata in chikitsa 19/96 said Vamana once in fifteen days,  Virechana once in month,  Stravana once in six month and Nasya once in 3 days. According Brihattrayee after Shodhana treatment,  Shamana and  Bahiparimarjana treatment are useful in kushtha.Acharyas described abundant drugs used in kushtha chikitsa as Shodhana,  Shamana and Bahiparimarjana. In the present study the drug regimen used for Shodhana,  Shamana and Bahiparimarjana in kushtha and it's mode of actions in order to conduct sampraptibhnag is studied.
Oil Theft: Deregulation or Contracting Security to Militants?
Authors: Okwelum C.O.
Published: May 2021

Oil theft in the Niger Delta, where the Nigerian economy derives its mainstay, has now acquired the front burner in oil and gas scholarly discourse because of the alarming regularity of the scourge. Several perspectives have emerged in the narratives particularly in the ideological spectrum, but there appears to be conflicting policies directed toward combating the challenge of theft. This paper, which adopts the doctrinal research methodology, examines the twin issues of deregulation and security for the critical assets—the oil installations and pipeline facilities. While government investigation panels, that have critically studied the problems, have advised for deregulation, the State appears to be treading the opposite line of retaining the commanding heights and engaging militants and natives in securing the assets. This approach has not encouraged private initiatives and indigenous technology transfer but has put the State on the defensive and therefore requires shift.
Karakteristik Beton Normal Substitusi Agregat Halus Bottom Ash Pada Perendaman Asam Sulfat
Authors: Lagalung Iksal , Tanijaya Jonie , Tonapa Suryanti Rapang
Published: May 2021

Bottom ash (abu dasar) adalah sisa pembakaran batu bara di Indonesia di kategorikan sebagai limbah (B3). Kandungan logam berat dalam limbah B3 menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Bottom ash melimpah dan kurang dimanfaakan. Oleh karena itu berbagai inovasi dilakukan peneliti agar penggunaan kontruksi beton layak digunakan terhadap pengaruh hujan asam serta pengelolaan bottom ash sebagai material konstruksi beton. Pada penelitian ini persentase substitusi bottom ash agregat halus sebanyak 0%, 25%, 35% dapat digunakan untuk campuran beton dengan perendaman asam sulfat pH-4. Dengan benda uji yang digunakan berukuran 15 cm x 30 cm dan 60 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm sebanyak 45 sampel, menggunakan metode American Concrete Institute (ACI). Pengujian tersebut berupa pengujian kuat tekan. kuat tarik belah dan kuat lentur beton dengan mutu rencana sebesar 30 MPa. Pada umur 28 hari didapatkan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 32,727 Mpa, 33,859 Mpa, 36,782 Mpa. Beton dengan substitusi bottom ash sebagai agregat halus dengan variasi 0%, 25% dan 35% mengalami peningkatan kekuatan seiring bertambahnya persentase substitusi bottom ash dimana semakin tinggi persentase substitusi bottom ash maka kekuatan beton semakin tinggi, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa persentase substitusi bottom ash berbanding lurus dengan kekuatan beton.
Analisis Pengelolaan Persampahan di Kota Pangkajene Kabupaten Pangkep
Authors: Boro Wona Grace
Published: May 2021

Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk  sangat mempengaruhi jumlah timbulan sampah. Banyaknya jumlah sampah tidak didukung dengan jumlah  sarana dan prasarana pengelolaan sampah sehingga mengakibatkan  permasalahan dalam pengelolaan sampah, seperti pengangkutan sampai pembuangan akhir sampah yang tidak terakomodir dengan baik sehingga  menimbulkan penyakit, lingkungan kotor, mengurangi kapasitas tampung sungai dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui  cara pengelolaan sampah yang ada di kota Pangkajene dan menentukan kebutuhan infrastruktur untuk kegiatan operasional persampahan. Penelitian ini adalah  penelitian deskriftif kuantitatif yang memberikan gambaran mengenai cara pengelolaan persampahan di kota Pangkajene dan pengambilan data kuantitatif berupa timbulan, dan komposisi sampah. Menurut hasil penelitian jumlah keseluruhan sampah kota Pangkajene adalah 92,52 m3/hari. Rata-rata  sampah yang dihasilkan adalah 2,06m3/hari/orang. Dari hasil perhitungan kebutuhan infastruktur persampahan maka diperoleh 900 buah, 46 unit  gerobak,19 unit kontainer dan 4 unit truk setiap harinya. Dari hasil penelitian  disimpulkan bahwa sistem pengelolaan sampah di kota Pangkajene perlu untuk ditingkatkan dari segi infrastruktur  dan tingkat pelayanannya agar lebih memaksimalkan kegiatan operasional persampahan.
Nutritional Assessment and Biological Activity of Moringa oleifera
Authors: Lanjwani Abdul Hameed , Ghanghro Allah Bux , Jahangir Khuhawar Taj Muhammad , Lanjwani Muhammad Farooque
Published: May 2021

Moringa oleifera medicinal plant is used for medicinal purposes for the treatment of different types of human diseases. The fresh roots, stems, leaves, flowers and seeds have been selected for such medicinal purposes. The findings of present study indicated that an appreciable amount of proximate composition and phytochemical had been confirmed. The leaves and seeds for this study showed significant phytochemical sources including phenolic compound, flavonoid, tannin alkaloid and antioxidant content, whereas the most sensitive minerals composition sources including Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, K, antibacterial activity including the Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aurous were found to be the most sensitive, while Klebsiella pneumonia least sensitive in this study. The growth of Escherichia coli is mostly inhibited by all plants components. Whereas, flowers and leaves showed good inhibition zone against Escherichia coli. The flowers of Maringa oleifera possessed antibacterial protein and peptide which showed highly significant against Staphylococcus aurous, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas, proteus and enterobacter. The research will be supported for nutrition and sources of new drugs for the treatment of the different types of diseases.
ON SOME FOREIGN POLICY ISSUES ASSYRIA AND BIAINILI-URARTU (673-672 B.C.)
Authors: TSAKANYAN RUSLAN
Published: May 2021

In the paper are discussed the issues of the Urartian King Rusa II/III’s (685-660(?) B.C.) campaign to Transeuphratian region, the circumstances of the Assyrian conquest of the country Šubria by King Esarhaddon (681-669 B.C.), the specification of the year of the medians anti-Assyrian rebellion as well.

In the result of the simultaneous research of Ancient Near East history, the author came to conclusion that the campaigns had the tendency to prevent the possibility of the attack of the “House of Torgome” («Տուն Թորգոմա», «Bêṭ-Tôgarmā/Torgāmā») (by the reign of Esarhaddon new dangers had appeared which directed Assyrian attention once again to these regions). The latter had occupied serious position in the Eastern Asia Minor at the close of the VIII century and now was trying to extend the influence in the East and in the South-East posing a threat for Assyria and Urartu. And only from such point of view it is possible to consider the aforementioned campaigns.

As to the medians anti-Assyrian rebellion during researches the author came to conclusion that it took place after the Assyrian conquest of Šubria in the same year in 672 B.C.
THE INSURRECTION IN PERSARMENIA IN CONTEXT OF MILITARY ACTIONS OF ROME AND IRAN IN BORDER ZONE (572-578)
Authors: MAKSYMIUK KATARZYNA
Published: May 2021

The goal of the current paper is an attempt of assessment, from military-political perspective, of the chances of success (i.e. could it really lead to the independence of the country) of anti-Iranian uprising in Persarmenia.
Strengthening Science Instruction in Bilaran National High School: Input to a Proposed Development Plan
Authors: Ularte Marcelo B.
Published: May 2021

Science teachers are optimistic that every student can learn so much with high hopes and dreams. They plan their lessons and work hard to engage their students. However, despite good intentions and best laid plans, not all students perform well in Science classes. Student’s performance is very alarming on the part of the teachers. Students are unable to understand scientific issues that affect their lives in today’s fast changing world. Several studies in the past reflected that Science lessons were recorded as of low quality. (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1989). Many Science students sit passively, never being asked to make sense of the content that teachers deliver. There are many concepts and activities in Science that students ignore and fail to develop. With the Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum or the K12 curriculum, students record in periodical tests and in the National Achievement Test and National Career Assessment Test are very low and elicited poor performance. Relative to this, Bilaran Science Teachers are alarmed with the situation. Improved performance of students must be worked hand in hand by Science Teachers. Intervention programs in classes must be applied too in daily teaching engagement, thus, there is a need to strengthen the Science instruction. This study primarily focuses on the status of Science instruction and to propose a development plan in Science.
Multiple Regression Model of the Implementation of Result-Based Performance Management System (Rpms) in Public Secondary Schools of Batangas
Authors: Limjoco Mylene H.
Published: May 2021

This study assessed the implementation of RPMS and the challenges and advantages in the secondary public schools of the Division of Batangas Province and its component cities during the S.Y. 2019-2020. It employed the descriptive-quantitative research to gather the needed information regarding the public secondary school teachers’ view on the implementation of RPMS and the challenges and advantages they encountered in its execution. A total of five hundred forty-three (543) respondents were chosen using disproportional stratified sampling based on the Cochran’s Formula. Survey-questionnaire was utilized to gather the data on RPMS. Frequency, mean, Spearman rho (rs), Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskall Wallis H-test and multiple linear regression were used in the data analysis. The results revealed that majority of the public secondary school teachers are Teacher I, who belong to 31-35 age bracket, females, have earned units in the master’s degree and they have been in the service for about 5 years. Content knowledge and pedagogy and assessment and reporting are highly implemented in the RPMS. However, learning environment, diversity of learners and curriculum and planning are satisfactorily implemented. The IPCRF ratings of the teachers are very satisfactory. Most of the challenges and advantages of the implementation of RPMS are evident as to assessment issues and standardization among schools because they have different assessment protocols. There is no significant difference in the assessment of the respondents on the implementation of RPMS in terms of content knowledge and pedagogy, curriculum and planning, and assessment and reporting when all the profile of the respondents are considered. On the other hand, there is significant difference in the implementation as to learning environment and diversity of learners when age, highest educational attainment and length of service are considered. There is no significant difference in the challenges experienced in the RPMS implementation when profile is considered except for educational attainment. Similarly, there is no significant difference in the advantages of the implementation of RPMS when their profile is considered except for educational attainment and length of service. Content knowledge and pedagogy, learning environment and diversity of learners, curriculum and planning, and assessment and reporting have significant impact on the RPMS rating of teachers. Lastly, learning environment and diversity of learners significantly influence the RPMS rating based on the regression model.
Revisiting Teachers’ Utilization of Pedagogical Approaches: A Basis to Training Workshop
Authors: Panganiban Rhoda E.
Published: May 2021

The research study aimed to evaluate the pedagogical approaches used by the senior high school teachers in SHS within Caloocan ES. After the evaluation, the researcher developed a training workshop to enhance the use of these approaches in achieving competitive and equipped millennial learners. Pedagogical approaches and teaching strategies are the main ingredients of becoming an effective teacher. Being an effective teacher means allowing an environment that enable students to learn in the classroom to their best abilities. When different pedagogical approaches practiced in a class discussion a student develop a love for learning and gain new knowledge about what they are studying. It is true that effective teaching strategies also allow students to better understand new material and difficult content (Hill, 2008). Academics and TVLE teachers of SHS within Caloocan ES were the respondents of this study where different approaches evaluated using the Likert Scale. Constructivism, Collaborative, Integrative and Inquiry-Based Approaches utilized by the teachers were evaluated for the researcher to develop a training workshop to enhance the teaching and learning process. It was found out that developing a training workshop enhance the utilization on the use of pedagogical approaches inside the classroom or during the facilitation of classes.
Assessment of the Soil Seed Bank Aiming at Transposition to Forest Regeneration in the Western Amazonia
Authors: Araújo Bruno Machado , Alves Anatércia Ferreira , Rodriques de Melo Paulo Alexandre Fernandes , Santos Leonardo Hunaldo dos , Mesquita Mário Luiz Ribeiro
Published: May 2021

This study evaluated the soil seed bank’s germination potential and density in five distinct environmental areas namely: a) regenerated forest, b) secondary forest, c) degraded pasture, d) Eucalyptus sp. plantation and e) fallow corn growing area, with a view to regenerate forests in Western Amazonia using tray germination methodology. We assessed floristic similarity and diversity using the Jaccard Similarity Index and the Shannon Diversity Index, respectively. We computed each species’ phytosociological parameters: density, frequency and importance value of each species. We recorded a total 3674 individuals from 51 species and 21 families. The families with the highest species richness were Asteraceae, Malvaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae that contributed to 43% of the total species observed. The most important species computed in the phytosociological analysis were Chamaesyce hirta, Corchorus aestuans, Cyperus iria and Chamaesyce prostrata. All species had a herbaceous life form, which in the literature, are considered weeds. We documented the largest number of individuals in the fallow corn growing area that had 3620 plants m-2 and the smallest number in the regenerated forest that had 183 plants m-2. We observed the greatest floristic similarity between the secondary forest and Eucalyptus sp. plantation (40%), and the greatest floristic diversity in the Eucalyptus sp. plantation (H '= 2.59 nats individual-1). In conclusion, the transposition of the soil seed bank is not recommended for forest regeneration and recovery in degraded areas due to massive weed predominance in the soil seed bank.
A conferência dos religiosos do Brasil:
Authors: Guedes Edson Claiton
Published: May 2021

O texto é produto de pesquisa em andamento na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) e tem a intensão de apresentar alguns encaminhamentos levantados sobre a investigação proposta. Indagamos qual o papel da Conferência dos Religiosos do Brasil (CRB), suas estratégias de ação num cenário de mudanças políticas, sociais e econômicas ocorridas especialmente após a 2a guerra mundial. Tendo como pressuposto a reestruturação do catolicismo, nosso objetivo é entender de que maneira a CRB inseriu-se na proposta de um catolicismo social, gerada por uma militância católica engajada, tendo como contexto o Brasil  dos anos de 1954 a 1978.
Unruptured Paraclinoid Carotid Aneurysms Occur More Frequently in Younger Ages
Authors: Kawaguchi Reo , Miyachi Shigeru , Ohshima Tomotaka , Matsuo Naoki
Published: May 2021

Purpose: We investigated the age distribution of cerebral saccular aneurysms in various locations to clarify the differences by location and discuss the mechanism of formation.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively assessed clinical material obtained from 1,252 unruptured aneurysms treated with endovascular embolization between 2004 and 2019. Age, sex, laterality, and size were investigated by the location of aneurysms, classified as cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA), paraclinoid ICA, supraclinoid ICA, anterior communicating artery, anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, basilar artery complex, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Paraclinoid aneurysms were subclassified into 3 patterns according to their projecting direction: S-type, with superior protrusion; M-type, with medial protrusion; and P-type, with posteroinferior protrusion.Results: There was no significant difference by location for sex, laterality, and size. The mean age of patients with paraclinoid aneurysms (56.5 years old) was significantly lower than that of other aneurysm patients (64.3 years old). Notably, 40% of the patients with M-type aneurysms were <50 years old. This percentage was significantly higher than that of aneurysms at other locations (P<0.05).Conclusion: We found a young female predominance for patients with paraclinoid carotid aneurysms. This study may suggest that congenital factors contribute to paraclinoid aneurysm formation as well acquired factors, such as hemodynamic stress, atherosclerotic wall damage, and local inflammation.
From the Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs (BMPN) to Employee Engagement: Indicators that Matter
Authors: Lartey Franklin M. , Randall Phillip M.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate if confidence, interest, authenticity, and loneliness as independent variables, could help predict employee engagement, the dependent variable. In this setting, the independent variables were indicators of the Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs (BMPN) and the dependent variable was obtained using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9). After surveying 151 participants in the United States, 17 responses were removed from the final dataset during data and assumptions validation. A multiple regression model was created using the remaining 134 valid cases. Our findings confirmed the existence of a statistically significant relationship between confidence, interest, and authenticity in predicting employee engagement. Only, we could not establish a statistically significant relationship between loneliness and engagement, in contrast to some prior research studies. These findings have significant implications for practitioners and researchers as documented in this article. For example, the findings can be useful for employees in determining their future career path, as they need to first look at what interests them. Indeed, interest was identified as the greatest determinant of engagement as compared to the other three predictors. These findings also suggest that managers can keep their employees engaged by assigning them functions or tasks that are aligned with their interests.
The Effect of Service Quality on Customers’ Satisfaction of Inter-District Public Bus Companies in the Central Region of Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Laisak Adler Hilary , Rosli Anita , Sa’adi Nurzalikha
Published: May 2021

Service quality is a vital factor that influences customer satisfaction. For profit organizations such as public bus companies, high customer satisfaction is a sign for business success and the ability to create long-term relationships with their customers. This research is to assess the effects of service quality attributes on customers’ satisfaction towards service quality provided by inter-district public bus companies in the Central Region of Sarawak. The research adapted SERVQUAL model proposed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml and Berry (1988). A total of 400 respondents were obtained among inter-district public bus users through a convenient sampling method. The mean score for customers’ satisfaction was 2.24, which means the level of customer satisfaction towards the service quality of inter-district buses in the Central Region was low. Meanwhile, the result from the multiple regression analysis showed that service quality dimensions of empathy, assurance, and responsibility had significant effects on customers’ satisfaction. The inter-district public bus companies in the Central Region of Sarawak should improve their service quality by building and obtaining customer trust to keep existing customers and at the same time to attract potential customers. Good customers’ experience towards service and the power of word mouth are marketing tools to enhance business reputation relative to other competitors.
Leuk dat je als CEO de onderneming duurzaam wilt maken, maar niet ten koste van het rendement!
Authors: Jansen A.C.
Published: May 2021

Leuk dat je als CEO de onderneming duurzaam wilt maken, maar niet ten koste van het rendement!

Met het aangekondigde vertrek van Emmanuel Faber, CEO van Danone, hebben twee activistische aandeelhouders hun zin gekregen die het niet eens waren met de gekozen (duurzame) strategie. In deze column wordt betoogd dat het belangrijk is dat in de zoektocht naar een eventuele hervorming van het vennootschapsrecht om duurzaam ondernemen aan te moedigen, oog te hebben voor het gehéle systeem van corporate governance, en met name de uitwerking van eventuele nieuwe wettelijke regelingen in de praktijk.
Coenzyme Q10, oxidative stress markers, and sperm DNA damage in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia
Authors: Alahmar Ahmed T , Sengupta Pallav , Dutta Sulagna , Calogero Aldo E.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Oxidative stress (OS) plays a key role in the etiology of unexplained male infertility. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a potent antioxidant that may improve semen quality and OS in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT), but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of CoQ10 on OS markers and sperm DNA damage in infertile patients with idiopathic OAT. Methods: This prospective controlled study included 50 patients with idiopathic OAT and 50 fertile men who served as controls. All patients underwent a comprehensive medical assessment. Patients and controls received 200 mg of oral CoQ10 once daily for 3 months. Semen and blood were collected and analyzed for sperm parameters, seminal CoQ10 levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), and serum hormonal profile. Results: The administration of CoQ10 to patients with idiopathic OAT significantly improved sperm quality and seminal antioxidant status and significantly reduced total ROS and SDF levels compared to pre-treatment values. Conclusion: CoQ10, at a dose of 200 mg/day for 3 months, may be a potential therapy for infertile patients with idiopathic OAT, as it improved sperm parameters and reduced OS and SDF in these patients.
Effect of Metformin on Cigarette Withdrawal Syndrome and Abstinence in Lung Cancer Patients; A Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Pirnia Bijan , Masoudi Raheleh , Sefidrood Melika , Zarghami Elham , Pirnia Kambiz , Malekanmehr Parastoo
Published: May 2021

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the predisposing factors for LC is smoking. Metformin is the first line for diabetes treatment and is shown that it can be used for nicotine withdrawal syndrome reduction. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of metformin on reducing the nicotine withdrawal syndrome and increasing nicotine abstinence in patients with LC. Methods: In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial from February 2018 to May 2019, 53 patients with LC were selected by respondent-driven sampling (RDS), and were assigned into two experimental and wait-list control (WLC) group through block randomization (BR). After 3 weeks of baseline assessment, metformin or placebo was prescribed in the form of escalating doses. Cigarette Withdrawal Scale (CWS-21), urinary cotinine levels, and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) levels were evaluated in 16 steps by the repeated measures. The primary outcomes include metformin efficacy on cigarette withdrawal syndrome and secondary outcomes include urinary cotinine levels and eCO level. The data were analyzed by generalized estimation equation (GEE), chi-square, and Atlas-Ti5. Results: The primary outcomes showed that the metformin group had significant effects on the improvement of depression, anxiety, craving, irritability, and appetite, difficulty in concentrating, appetite-weight, and insomnia during the 12-weeks treatment period (all P's < 0.05). In addition, only cravings scores remained constant until the 6-month follow-up (P < 0.05). Secondary outcomes demonstrated that urinary cotinine levels and eCO level significantly decreased in the metformin group (all P's < 0.05). However, this decrease did not remain constant at both levels until the 6-month follow-up (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Metformin had a clinical potential for reducing nicotine withdrawal. However, more studies are needed.
Using Dry Human Amniotic Membrane in Secondary Intention Wound Healing After Urological Cancer Surgery: The First Randomized Clinical Trial in Iran
Authors: Rahavian Amir Hossein , Hazrati Ebrahim , Abbasi Azar Davood , Allameh Farzad , Hojjati Seyyed Ali , Javanmard Babak , Hamidi Ramin
Published: May 2021

Background: Wound healing is a complex process and in some patients, it is a long process. Due to the presence of various underlying diseases in patients with cancer, this process is delayed, and as a result, the rate of complications increases. Therefore, some materials are needed to accelerate wound healing. Nowadays efficacy of dry human amniotic membrane in burn wounds and chronic wounds is proven; however, no studies have been performed on the effect of this tissue in the treatment of surgical wounds. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of dry human amniotic membrane in the secondary repair of urological cancer surgery wounds. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial from January 2018 to June 2020, 40 patients who underwent urological cancer surgery and secondary intention wound healing were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 patients. In the case group, the dry human amniotic membrane was used for dressing wounds, and in the control group, normal dressing without an amniotic membrane was performed. Complications such as infection, sepsis, and reoperation, as well as the duration of wound healing and hospitalization of patients at intervals of 1 week, 1, and 3 months, were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The 2 groups matched in terms of gender, age, and wound location. The mean duration of hospitalization and wound healing was significantly lower in the case group (P < 0.05). The rate of complications was higher in the control group but was not significant. Conclusions: Dry human amniotic membranes due to the accelerated wound healing process and fewer complications could be a good choice for secondary healing of wounds after urological cancer surgery.
Characteristics of intellectual capital, competitiveness and industrial policies of innovation-intensive sectors in Serbia
Authors: Kokeza Gordana , Paunović Mihailo
Published: May 2021

This paper explores the characteristics of intellectual capital, competitiveness and industrial policies of innovation-intensive sectors in Serbia. It consists of four parts. The first part presents the characteristics of intellectual capital as the basis of economic growth and competitiveness. The second part analyses the characteristics of national intellectual capital and competitiveness of individual countries in the global economy, while the third part of the paper discusses the competitiveness of the Serbian economy and gives recommendations for a new growth model. The fourth part of the paper is concerned with analysis of the characteristics of intellectual capital and industrial policies of innovation-intensive companies in Serbia, presenting also the results of the research study. The paper proposes that the new growth model of the domestic economy should be based on advanced industrial production and services with a high degree of added value, as well as the application of new economic policies, which should be based on a heterodox approach. It is also concluded that the level of development of intellectual capital of the analyzed companies is at a relatively high level, their structural capital is relatively developed, and the surveyed companies have an excellent reputation. Finally, it is concluded that further development of innovation-intensive sectors implies the application of appropriate industrial policies specific for containing the elements of both vertical and horizontal policies which should focus on encouraging development and innovation.