bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF BLACK HOLE ATTACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF DYNAMIC SOURCE ROUTING AND OPTIMIZED LINK STATE ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN MANETS
Authors: Khan Waqas
Published: April 2021

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are a collection of mobile nodes which are free to move from one place to another place without a central control entity. In MANETs the nodes are dependent on each other and the communication among mobile nodes is multi-hop due to which there are security issues in the MANETs protocols. Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocols are mostly used as proactive and reactive routing protocols in MANETs. This research work analyzed the performance of the OLSR and DSR protocols in the presence and absence of black hole (BH) attack in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and network load in various scenarios using OPNET Modeler 14.5 simulator. The results obtained in this research show that BH attack significantly degrades the performance of both DSR and OLSR protocols but due to the reactive nature of DSR routing protocol the performance is more degraded in DSR routing protocol as compared to OLSR routing protocol in the presence of BH attack.
A NEW AND EFFICIENT CENTROIDAL MEAN DERIVATIVE-BASED TRAPEZOIDAL SCHEME FOR NUMERICAL CUBATURE
Authors: Malik Kamran
Published: April 2021

This research presents a new and efficient Centroidal mean derivative-based numerical cubature scheme which has been proposed for the accurate evaluation of double integrals under finite range. The proposed modification is based on the Trapezoidal-type quadrature and cubature rules. The approximate values can only be obtained for some important applications to evaluate the complex double integrals. Higher precision and order of accuracy could be achieved by the proposed scheme. The schemes, in basic and composite forms, with local and global error terms are presented with necessary supporting arguments with their performance evaluation against conventional Trapezoid rule through some numerical experiments. The simultaneously observed error distributions of the proposed schemes are found to be lower than the conventional Trapezoidal cubature scheme in composite form
HERONIAN MEAN DERIVATIVE-BASED SIMPSON’S-TYPE SCHEME FOR RIEMANN-STIELTJES INTEGRAL
Authors: Memon Kashif
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a new heronian mean derivative-based quadrature scheme of Simpson’s 1/3-type is proposed for the approximation of the Riemann-Stieltjes integral (RS-integral). Theorems are proved related to the basic form, composite form, local and global errors of the new scheme for the RS-integral. The reduction of the new proposed scheme is verified using g(t) = t for Riemann integral. The theoretical results of the new proposed scheme have been proved by experimental work using programming in MATLAB against existing schemes. The order of accuracy, computational cost and average CPU time (in seconds) of the new proposed scheme are determined. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme compared to the existing schemes.
EFFICIENT DERIVATIVE-BASED SIMPSON’S 1/3-TYPE SCHEME USING CENTROIDAL MEAN FOR RIEMANN-STIELTJES INTEGRAL
Authors: Memon Kashif
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a new efficient derivative-based quadrature scheme of Simpson’s 1/3-type is proposed using the centroidal mean for the approximation of Riemann-Stieltjes integral (RS-integral). Theorems are proved related to the basic form, composite form, local and global errors of the new scheme for the RS-integral. The reduction of the new proposed scheme is verified using g(t) = t for Riemann integral. The theoretical results of new proposed scheme have been proved by experimental work using programming in MATLAB against existing schemes. The order of accuracy, computational cost and average CPU time (in seconds) of the new proposed scheme are determined. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme compared to the existing schemes.
FICI Value Determination of Combination of Aquilaria microcarpa Baill. Ethanolic Extract with Amoxicillin against Salmonella typhi
Authors: Apridamayanti Pratiwi - , Robiyanto Robiyanto , Farica Trie -
Published: April 2021

Karas (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) adalah tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap beberapa bakteri patogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai FICI dari kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun karas (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) dengan amoksisilin terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk mengetahui karakteristik kombinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai FICI kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun karas (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) dengan amoksisilin terhadap Salmonella typhi adalah 4. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik kombinasi terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi bersifat indifferent atau tak berbeda.Kata kunci : Aquilaria microcarpa Baill., ekstrak etanol, amoksisilin, Salmonella typhi , Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI)
VALIDASI METODE ANALISIS VITAMIN C PADA BUAH DAN KERIPIK NANAS SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis
Authors: Nasution Azlaini Yus , Pratiwi Denia , Frimananda Yola , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah
Published: April 2021

Vitamin C ini banyak ditemukan dalam buah-buahan seperti pada buah nanas. Buah nanas dapat diolah menjadi berbagai jenis makanan olahan, salah satunya keripik nanas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh hasil validasi metode analisis vitamin C yang terdapat pada buah nanas dan keripik nanas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Metode ini memiliki nilai validitas yang memenuhi parameter validasi sehingga dapat diterima yaitu pada uji stabilitas pengukuran diperoleh pada menit ke 10 sampai 20. Rata-rata hasil uji akurasi buah nanas segar yaitu 98,4765%, sedangkan pada keripik nanas sebesar 80,7633%. Pada uji presisi dengan konsentrasi 5 ppm nilai SD = 0,0265 dan RSD = 5,8434%, konsentrasi 7 ppm nilai SD = 0,0173 dan RSD = 3,0647%, dan konsentrasi 9 ppm nilai SD = 0,02 dan RSD = 3,0520%. Pada uji linearitas didapatkan hasil regresi linear y = 0,0809 x – 0,1239 dan koefisien korelasinya r = 0,9980. Nilai batas deteksi (LOD) = 0,3708 ppm dan batas kuantitasi (LOQ) = 1,2361 ppm. Rata-rata kadar vitamin C pada buah nanas segar 0,4331%, pada keripik nanas 0,2827%. Metode analisis vitamin C pada buah nanas dan keripik nanas secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis sudah tervalidasi.
Aktivitas Analgetik Ekstrak dan Fraksi-fraksi Akar Pakis Tangkur (Polypodium feei., METT) Dari Gunung Talaga Bodas Secara In Vivo
Authors: Suwandi Deden Winda , Rostinawati Tina , Muchtaridi Muchtaridi , Subarnas Anas
Published: April 2021

Pakis tangkur merupakan tanaman obat tradisional yang sering dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati penyakit reumatik. Tanaman ini tumbuh di area pegunungan talaga bodas, Garut. Penelitian sebelumnya, melaporkan bahwa senyawa Shellegueain A yang terkandung dalam akar pakis tangkur yang berasal dari pegunungan Tangkuban Perahu efektif sebagai analgetik. Namun, dalam bentuk sediaan ekstrak yang secara umum merupakan sediaan yang paling banyak digunakan secara tradisional oleh masyarakat belum dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas analgetik ekstrak etanol dosis 100, 200 dan 400 mg/kg serta fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat dan air dosis 50, 100 dan 200 mg/kg dengan metode geliat (siegmund) dan metode panas (hot plate). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol menghasilkan jumlah geliat hewan sebesar 85,5; 68,45 dan 77,35 kali dengan nilai persen proteksi 71,78; 77,4 dan 74,5 %. Sediaan fraksi n-heksan sebesar 90,45; 78,7 dan 85,95 kali (nilai persen proteksi 70,14; 74,03 dan 71,63 %); fraksi etil asetat sebesar 58,5; 102,5 dan 55,5 kali (nilai persen proteksi 80,05; 66,17 dan 79,68 %) serta fraksi air sebesar 205,2; 65,2 dan 60,5 kali (nilai persen proteksi sebesar 32,28; 78,48 dan 80,03 %). Aktivitas analgetik kuat hanya ditunjukkan oleh fraksi etil asetat dengan lama waktu respon 136,5; 147,5 dan 128,75 detik (nilai persen peningkatan 59,01; 55,4 dan 74,3 %) serta fraksi air sebesar 153; 144,75 dan 146 detik (persen peningkatan 57,39; 66,77 dan 71,47 %). Fraksi yang terbaik sebagai obat pereda nyeri adalah fraksi etil asetat terutama dosis 200 mg/kgbb.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK AIR DAUN KECUBUNG GUNUNG (Brugmansia candida Pers) TERHADAP DEPRESIASI KATALEPSI
Authors: Anisa Ita Nur , Jati Sulaeman Al , Vikasari Suci Nar
Published: April 2021

Katalepsi merupakan tanda efek ekstrapiramidal dari obat-obatan yang menghambat transmisi dopaminergik atau meningkatkan pelepasan histamin di otak. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki efek menurunkan kadar histamine adalah kecubung gunung. Metode yang di gunakan adalah pencegahan di mana hewan diuji di bagi dalam beberapa kelompok, yang terdiri atas kelompok kontrol yang diberikan Natrium CMC 10 mL/kg bb secara oral, kelompok pembanding di berikan difenhidramin hidroklorida 1 mg/kg bb mencit secara intraperitoneal, dan 3 kelompok terakhir di berikan ekstrak air daun kecubung gunung 0,315 mg/20g bb mencit ; 0,63 mg/20 g bb mencit ; serta dosis 1,26 mg/20g bb mencit secara per oral. Semua kelompok di induksi oleh obat klonidin 1 mg/kg bb mencit secara subkutan setelah 30 menit pemberian sediaan uji, kemudian di ukur durasi katalepsinya pada rentang waktu 5, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 dan 180 menit. Parameter yang digunakan adalah durasi katalepsi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, yaitu kelompok ekstrak air daun kecubung gunung dosis 0,63 mg/20 g bb mencit merupakan ekstrak yang paling sedikit durasi katalepsinya dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, pembanding dan dua dosis ekstrak yang lain. Rata –rata kumulatif durasi katalepsinya yaitu 1,5s + 1,1 ; 3,0s + 1,5; 4,3s +1,9 ; 7,2s + 2,9 ; 9,4s + 3,1 ; 11,9s + 3,1 dan pada menit terakhir 14,7s + 3,4. Hasil yang didapatkan berbeda bermakna secara statistik pada P<0,05 di bandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol dengan uji T-student. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan bahwa ekstrak air daun kecubung gunung memiliki efek menurunkan durasi katalepsi yang di induksi oleh klonidin.
EFEK HEPATOTOKSIK PEMBERIAN SUBAKUT TRITERPEN TOTAL DARI Centella asiatica Linn. PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN DEWASA GALUR WISTAR
Authors: Erjon Erjon , Kamaluddin Kamaluddin , Theodorus Theodorus
Published: April 2021

Senyawa aktif utama dari Centella asiatica Linn. adalah triterpen total. Centella asiatica dilaporkan dapat menyebabkan nekrosis sel hati. Telah diteliti efek hepatotoksik pemberian subakut triterpen total dari Centella asiatica pada tikus putih jantan dewasa galur Wistar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pemberian dosis tunggal triterpen total dari Centella asiatica terhadap gambaran histopatologi dan fungsi hati tikus.Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan aktivitas SGOT dan SGPT yang berbeda bermakna (ANOVA one way, p<0,05) pada setiap kelompok perlakuan. Peningkatan dosis pemberian triterpen total menunjukkan korelasi positif yang bermakna (Pearson Correlation, p <0,05) dengan peningkatan aktivitas SGOT dan SGPT. Peningkatan aktivitas SGOT dan SGPT tidak melebihi pada batas rentang normal.  Dari gambaran histopatologi, pada kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan tidak ditemukan kerusakan histopatologi sel hati.Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemberian subakut triterpen total pada dosis  21, 42, 84 mg/kgBB/hari selama 6 minggu dapat meningkatkan aktivitas SGOT dan SGPT dan belum ditemukan kelainan histopatologi sel hati
EFEKTIVITAS METODE WAFA SEBAGAI INOVASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN DI TPQ AL-IKHLASH PALA’AN NGAJUM MALANG
Authors: Achadah Alif , Aziza Ilma Fahmi , Hasanah Siti Muawanatul
Published: April 2021

In Islamic religious education, the Qur'an is a source that is used as the foundation of the Islamic religion. Therefore, the Qur'an has an urgent position in guiding and directing people in their daily lives. However, there is a large gap between the importance of reading the Qur'an with the ability to read the Qur'an in Muslim communities in Indonesia. . The Chancellor of the al-Qur'an Institute of Higher Education (PTIQ) Jakarta, Nazaruddin Umar assessed that people who are illiterate al-Qur'an are still high in Indonesia. therefore it is necessary to apply effective and innovative methods of learning the the al-Qur'an. The supporting factors for the application of the waqa method include: the material taught is not much different from the material that has usually been studied, the TPQ Al-Ikhlash assistants help researchers during the process of applying the "Wafa" method at TPQ Al-Ikhlash, the students are orderly and cooperative during the experimental activities. This is certainly very helpful in carrying out the activities of teaching the Koran with the "Wafa" method. While the inhibiting factors for the application of the "Wafa" method include: Santri in one class are 42 children. This is certainly too much because learning the Qur'an is ideally done in small classes. Learning time becomes insufficient because of the sufficient quantity of students.
HUKUM TA’JIL AZ-ZAKAH KARENA ADANYA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Abadi Khafid
Published: April 2021

This The Ministry of Religion has issued Circular Letter No. 6 of 2020 concerning Ramadhan and Eid Al-Fitr 1 Guide Syawal 1441 H in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. One thing that is interesting from this Circular Letter is that in pawns 11 sub a, whose contents appeal to all Muslims to hasten the payment of zakat. From this background the question arises as follows: first how is the problem of ta'jil az-zakah in the pandemic Covid-19 seen from the proposition of the Qur'an? Secondly, how is the view of the ulama related to ta'jil az-zakah during the pandemic Covid-19? To answer this question, normative juridical approach or doctrinal law research is analytical descriptive. The results of the study note that, firstly the Qur'anic argument was not found in the verse specifically discussing ta'jil az-zakah, but permissibility of ta'jil az-zakah was included in the generality of the verse about advice to hurry the good. Secondly, there is a difference of opinion among scholars regarding ta'jil law az-zakah. The majority of scholars allow ta'jil az-zakah both zakat mal and zakat fitrah with several provisions.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MENCERMATI TOKOH-TOKOH YANG TERDAPAT PADA TEKS FIKSI SISWA SD MELALUI MODEL SQ3R
Authors: Mahmudah Riyadhotul , Laila Alfi , Santi Novi Nitya
Published: April 2021

This article aims to describe: the implementation of the SQ3R model to the ability to examine the characters contained in fiction texts in grade IV students of SDN Ganung Kidul 1 Nganjuk in the 2019/2020 Academic Year. This article is an descriptive qualitative research carried out through five stages, namely: (1) data collection; (2) determination of the sample; (3) recording data; (4) reduction; and (5) drawing conclusions. Data sources in this article are journals and books relating to the learning of the SQ3R model on learning to examine the characters contained in fiction texts. These data provide an overview of the application of the SQ3R model on the ability to examine the characters contained in fictional texts. Furthermore, the object of the research is the learning model SQ3R with a subject of 22 students. The conclusion of the article shows that: this SQ3R model is very good to be applied to the basic competencies of Indonesian language class IV semester II, namely the ability to examine the characters contained in fiction texts.
ADAB PEMBELAJARAN AL-QURAN: STUDI KITAB AT-TIBYAN FI ADABI HAMALATIL QURAN
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Hamid Abdulloh
Published: April 2021

This research is an attempt to know the courtesy reading the Quran in the book of At-Tibyan fi Adabi Hamalatil Quran by Imam Nawawi. The question that is to be answered through this study is (1) how the courtesy to read Al-Quran in the book At-Tibyan, (2) How does the relevance of courtesy to read the Qur'an in the book of At-Tibyan in contemporary times? The research methods use library research. This study is conducted using data collection techniques by conducting observations on certain sources, seeking, studying books, articles, journals, theses or others related to this study. Data collection is divided into two sources, namely primary and secondary data. Then the data are analyzed using descriptive and contextual methods. The results show that courtesy reading the Quran in the book of At-Tibyan fi Adabi Hamalatil Quran includes: Solemn, sincere, ethical, clean and holy State, facing the Qibla, start with Ta'awudz. While the relevance of courtesy reading the Quran in the book of At-Tibyan fi Adabi Hamalatil Quran with the context of contemporary can be a solution in improving the manners of interacting with the Quran, especially in the face of today's characteristics or contemporary.
SENSE OF HUMOR RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP TEACHING STYLE (TELAAH PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM)
Authors: Warsah Idi , Karolina Asri , Hardiyanti Yesa Satriya Dwi
Published: April 2021

Humor is very often done by hurting other people’s feeling especially amid students. Teachers’ less understanding of proper teaching styles tend to lead them to use humor as the style of teaching. This way is not justified in the Qur’an. On the other side, humor is an important element in enhancing students’ learning motivation on account of fun learning it creates. Thus, the purposes of this study are to find out how the sense of humor is viewed in the perspective of Islamic educational psychology, and to investigate the extent to which humorous sense is relevant to teaching styles. This study used a normative qualitative approach (library research) wherein the data were garnered from books, articles, and other sources relevant to the study foci, especially books of commentaries addressing the verses of humor in the Qur-an as well as books addressing teaching styles using humor. This study revealed that in a verse of the Qur’an, Allah SWT does not prohibit His slaves to do humor and to laugh as long as such deeds are still within the agreed boundary taught in the Qur’an. Subsequently, according to the books of teaching styles, using humor is needed to enhance students’ motivation so that the teachers skillful at humor are required in the perspective of Islam.
REKONSTRUKSI SISTEM PENYELENGGARAAN PASAR MODAL SYARIAH
Authors: Nadhifa Salsabila , Sa’adah Nabitatus
Published: April 2021

The capital market that is widely used by people is not in accordance with the provisions contained in sharia principles. Therefore, a capital market with sharia. Conventional capital markets and Islamic capital markets have a similar concept but differ in principles and have different types of contracts. This difference between conventional capital market principles and the principles contained in the Islamic capital market results in the need for regulations that specifically regulate the Islamic capital market. so it is necessary to update the Law No. 8 of 1995 concerning Capital Markets. Judging from the legal system, the Sharia Capital Market still has weaknesses related to the legal substance, legal structure and legal culture so that reconstruction of Islamic capital market regulations must be conducted. The method used in this writing is analytical descriptive and uses a normative juridical approach.
KONSTRUKSI BERPIKIR QIYAS SEBAGAI PENALARAN IJTIHAD DALAM INSTINBATH HUKUM EKONOMI DAN KEUANGAN SYARIAH
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhammad Syarif
Published: April 2021

The development of a dynamic era produces many new products and cases that are present in the modern economy. Islamic law has set and provided restrictions on these issues concerning aspects of halal and haram. The Qiyas method is needed in legal studies to produce fiqh formulations in Islamic economic and financial law. This paper aims to explain the concept of qiyas as a method of istinbath Islamic law and then examine the application of qiyas in the discovery of Islamic economic and financial law. This type of research is normative legal research with a conceptual approach. Legal material is collected through the study of literature with discussion of ushûl fiqh (Islamic law methodology) dan fiqh mu’âmalah (Islamic Jurisprudence about economics and finance) in classical and contemporary literature. The existence of qiyas as a method of istinbath law has a very important position in economics and finance. New products and cases that are present need to be responded and analyzed. Exploring the law with qiyas must be done throught careful and in-depth studies by looking at the similarity of true ‘illat (legal motives) so that the construction process of thinking qiyas in legal discovery can be applied appropriately.
STRATEGI MENGHADAPI COBAAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN (Pemaknaan Tekstual dan Kontekstual terhadap Qs. Al-Baqarah : 155)
Authors: Afandi Irfan
Published: April 2021

Humans will definitely get a trial or disaster. The study of the trials of Allah SWT in the Qur'an is more about the justification of good and bad, there are still rarely studies that mention how the strategy of being a "survivor" of the trial of Allah SWT. This study will try to initiate a study on Qs. Al-Baqarah : 155. The approach used to understand this verse is language study; starting with the study of vocabulary from verses, morphology to the study of the structure of Arabic language. Allah SWT will try in five (5) types of trials, namely fear, hunger, lack of wealth, lack of life (death / health) and lack of fruits (staple foodstuffs). In the study of the letter 'wawu' in the verse, one gets an understanding of which time the trial comes first and which trial comes later. Fear and hunger are trials that are coming for the first time. After that, there will come the next type of trial. By knowing the phases when trials come, humans can develop strategies in order to minimize the other 3 (three) trials. So, humans can become survivors of the trials of Allah SWT.
KENDALA PERUBAHAN STATUS BADAN KREDIT DESA MENJADI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA
Authors: Fuad A. Zaky , Arifah Risma Nur
Published: April 2021

POJK Number 10/POJK.03/2016 about fulfilment rules Credit Bank of People and transformation, BKD to commit a process of Credit Bank of People explain that BKD (Village Credit Agency) an effort reinforcement institutions that have legal entities. In practice, this transformation is not easy, a recurring obstacle among others accordance asset ownership status. This research is study of empirical law with with a socilogical juridical approach, a concept approach, and a legislation approach. The results showed that the constraints of status changes that occurred in BUMDES in Genteng Subdistrict has several factors, including unclear regulations punlished by the government related to the mechanisms of transforming BKD into BUMDES, management of Human Resources (HR) which was not maximized, lack of response and support from the community. While efforts to resolve the status change constraints include the village government giving concrete understanding of the community related to changing the status of the BKD into BUMDES, uniting the vision and mission of the organizer, holding a discussion forum with several layers related and involved in the process of transferring status. While efforts to resolve constraint by Islamic law with holding a consensus deliberation for common wealth which in the end BKD in Banyuwangi Regency agreed to do cooperation between BUMDES which in this case BUMDES together trough PT. BKD Banyuwangi in order to save assets.
TRANSFORMASI PEMIKIRAN AL-GHAZALI DARI KECENDERUNGAN RASIONAL KE SUFISTIK (Telaah Kritis Epistemologi Sejarah Pemikiran)
Authors: Fadlullah Muhammad Endy , Hidayah Fathi
Published: April 2021

Discussing the transformation of Al-Ghazali's thinking from rational tendency to sufistic is not as easy as al-Ghazali immediately changing the character of his thinking. This transformation process is very long. Over a long period of time, within al-Ghazali there was a transformation in his speculative interests, and even his outlook on life. He was not interested in philosophy anymore, and devoted himself entirely to Sufism and the renewal of orthodox Islamic teachings. In the aftermath of the psychological crisis and his escape in Sufism, he produced a book that became a magnum opus for al-Ghazali, Ihya' Ulum Al-Din. However, he is still remembered and inspires Muslims afterwards especially in the matter of fiqh, theology, philosophy, and also sufism which became the conversion of the end point of his scientific imagination options. This research uses library research design and uses al-Ghazali's rational-sufistic epstemology historical approach with the theory of transformation in al-Ghazali's Intellectual history from rational to sufistic.
Pengaruh Motivasi, Lingkungan dan Pengalaman Pemuda Tani dalam Melanjutkan Usahatani Kopi di Desa Kelurahan Kecamatan Jambu Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Putra Fadhlan Jamil , Dalmiyatun Tutik , Prasetyo Agus Subhan
Published: April 2021

Tani Rahayu farmer group hopes that the youth in the Kelurahan Village will continue and develop coffee farming on their own accord. A study aimed to analyze the interest of rural youth in continuing coffee farming in the Kelurahan Village, Jambu District, Semarang Regency, to analyze the factors that influence rural youth in continuing coffee farming, and to analyze the influence of motivation, experience, and environmental factors on youth interest in continuing coffee farming. The Kelurahan Village was chosen as research location based on the consideration that the farmer groups in Kelurahan Villages have developed an agritourism. The number of samples was determined by census from the youth whose parents were members of the Tani Rahayu farmer group as many as 39 youths. Data collection was carried out by conducting interviews based on a prepared questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that motivation is the variable that most influenced the youth's interest in Tani Rahayu farmer groups. Experience and the environment influence youth interests as well. Youth interest will arise when motivation, experience, and environment support youth in continuing coffee farming.Kelompok tani rahayu memiliki harapan kepada pemuda di Desa Kelurahan untuk melanjutkan dan mengembangkan usahatani kopi atas keinginannya sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis minat pemuda pedesaan dalam melanjutkan usahatani kopi di Desa Kelurahan, Kecamatan Jambu, Kabupaten Semarang, menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi pemuda desa dalam melanjutkan usahatani, dan menganalisis pengaruh faktor motivasi, pengalaman, lingkungan terhadap minat pemuda dalam melanjutkan usahatani. Desa Kelurahan dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian didasarkan pada pertimbangan bahwa Desa Kelurahan memiliki kelompok tani yang mengembangkan agrowisata. Jumlah sampel ditentukan dari pemuda yang orang tuanya tergabung di kelompok tani rahayu sebanyak 39 pemuda sebagai responden, sedangkan penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan sensus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara berdasarkan kuesioner yang telah dipersiapkan. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda. Hasil diketahui bahwa motivasi merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap minat pemuda di kelompok tani rahayu. Pengalaman dan lingkungan memiliki pengaruh terhadap minat pemuda. Minat pemuda akan timbul ketika motivasi, pengalaman dan lingkungan mendukung pemuda dalam melanjutkan usahatani.
Pengaruh Penggunaan KNO3 pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jack) Fase Pre-Nursery
Authors: Usodri Kresna Shifa , Utoyo Bambang
Published: April 2021

Fulfillment of quality seeds in the effort of increasing oil palm productivity can be done by means of appropriate fertilization. One of the fertilizers that can be used to optimize seedling growth in the pre-nursery is by using KNO3. The objective of this research was to find out KNO3 concentration in optimizing the growth of oil palm seedlings in the prenursery phase. The research was conducted in the Oil Palm Nursery Unit of Politenik Negeri Lampung. The experimental design used was a single treatment with five replications. The treatments consisted of the recommended compound NPK fertilizer (P1), 1% concentration of KNO3 fertilizer (P2), 2% concentration of KNO3 fertilizer (P3), 3% concentration of KNO3 fertilizer (P4), and 4% concentration of KNO3 fertilizer (P5). Once the results of analysis of variance was significant, the analysis was proceeded with the least significant difference test (LSD) at significance level of 5%. The results showed that the application of KNO3 had a significant effect on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the pre-nursery phase. Application of KNO3 fertilizer with a concentration of 4% (P5) showed higher growth yields than other treatments in the pre-nursery phase of oil palm seedlings.Pemenuhan bibit berkualitas dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas kelapa sawit, dapat dilakukan dengan cara pemilihan jenis pupuk yang sesuai. Salah satu pupuk yang dapat digunakan dalam mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan bibit di pre-nursery adalah dengan menggunakan KNO3. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi pupuk KNO3 yang tepat dalam mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan bibit tanaman kelapa sawit pada fase pre-nursery. Penelitian dilakukan di Unit Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit, Politenik Negeri Lampung. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah perlakuan tunggal dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari pupuk NPK majemuk anjuran (P1), pupuk KNO3 konsentrasi 1% (P2), pupuk KNO3 konsentrasi 2% (P3), pupuk KNO3 konsentrasi 3% (P4), dan pupuk KNO3 konsentrasi 4% (P5). Apabila hasil dari analisis ragam signifikan, maka pengujian data dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi KNO3 berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit pada fase pre-nursery. Pemberian pupuk KNO3 dengan konsentrasi 4% (P5) menunjukkan hasil pertumbuhan bibit yang lebih optimal dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya pada fase pre-nursery
Studi Eksplorasi Agroklimat Tanaman Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) Kabupaten Tanggamus, Lampung
Authors: Widiyani Dimas Prakoswo , Hartono Joko S. S
Published: April 2021

Coffee is one of the important commodities in Indonesia. The coffee commodity has strategic potential in the development of the community's economy. Over time coffee production in Indonesia has decreased, the average productivity of coffee in Indonesia is only around 600 kg/ha, while the potential for coffee production per hectare can reach 1000 kg/ha. One of the largest coffee-producing regions is Tanggamus Regency in Lampung. This region’s climate plays an essential part in plant production, even more than soil in determining plant growth and development. Climate elements such as air temperature, solar radiation, and humidity support and play an important role in crop production. Meanwhile physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil are directly related to plant productivity. This research was conducted in 2 sub-districts, namely Sumberejo and Ulubelu Districts from July to October 2020. Based on the results of observations and analysis, it was found that the agro-climatic suitability of some of the Sumberejo and Ulubelu areas was included in the S1 conformity class category, but there is one limiting factor, namely slope. Efforts to modify the environment based on the value of the suitability class are needed. It is recommended to make a terrace to handle the limiting factors. Kopi adalah salah satu komoditas penting yang ada di Indonesia. Komoditas kopi memiliki potensi strategis dalam perkembangan perekonomian masyarakat. Seiring waktu produksi kopi di Indonesia semakin menurun, produktivitas rata-rata kopi di Indonesia hanya berkisar 600 kg/ha, sedangkan potensi produksi kopi tiap hektar bisa mencapai 1000 kg/ha. Salah satu daerah atau kabupaten penghasil kopi terbesar di Lampung adalah Kabupaten Tanggamus. Kabupaten Tanggamus memiliki luas lahan perkebunan kopi sebesar 41.512 ha dengan produksi total sebesar 33.482 ton Salah satu pengaruh lingkungan yang paling esensial adalah iklim. Iklim tidak hanya mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman, tetapi iklim juga dipengaruhi oleh tanaman. Iklim dapat menjadi faktor yang lebih penting dari pada tanah dalam menentukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Unsur-unsur iklim seperti suhu udara, radiasi matahari, dan kelembaban mendukung dan berperanan penting secara langsung dalam kegiatan budidaya tanaman. Iklim juga mempengaruhi sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah secara tidak langsung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua Kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Sumberejo dan Ulubelu pada bulan Juli-Oktober 2020. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan analisis yang telah didapatkan bahwa kesesuaian agroklimat sebagian kawasan Sumberejo dan Ulubelu masuk kategori kelas kesesuaian S1 atau sesuai namun terdapat satu unsur faktor pembatas yaitu kelerengan. Upaya modifikasi lingkungan berdasarkan nilai kelas kesesuaian maka dianjurkan dalam pembuatan teras agar faktor pembatas dapat ditangani.
Nilai Tambah Baby Fish Ikan Were Menyusul Baby Fish Ikan Nilem sebagai Produk Pangan Fungsional
Authors: Saepuloh Diki , Sundari Ristina Siti , Fitriadi Budhi Wahyu
Published: April 2021

Baby fish is an essential functional food to improve people's nutrient intake that supports food safety and food security. Bonylip barb is an indigenous commercial fish from Tasikmalaya that is well-known for its good taste. Ray-finned fish is also an indigenous fish but not yet as commercial as bonylip barb. Agroindustry based on bonylip barb fish is trending recently affecting scarcity of bonylip barb as raw material. The SMEs tried to provide substitution of bonylip barb with ray-finned fish. A study was conducted to analyse the added value of a baby fish industry made of both bonylip barb and ray-finned fish in Ciawang, Leuwisari, Tasikmalaya Regency. This research descriptively analysed the added value of the product by employing the Hayami method. The result showed that bonylip barb baby fish gave an added value of 12.768 IDR per kilogram with a margin of 25,47% while ray-finned fish baby fish gave an added value of 20.971 IDR with a margin of 43,23%. In conclusion, the ray-finned fish is more potential in creating a higher added value of the baby fish product than bonylip barb.Baby fish merupakan produk pangan fungsional yang perannya menjadi penting dalam perbaikan gizi masyarakat yang mendukung keamanan dan ketahanan pangan rakyat Indonesia. Ikan nilem merupakan ikan unggul khas Tasikmalaya yang sudah terkenal dengan kelezatannya. Agroindustri yang berbahan baku ikan Nilem sangat diminati masyarakat hingga sering terjadi kelangkaan bahan baku. DI samping ikan nilem, terdapat juga ikan were yang belum terkenal, rasanya juga enak namun belum banyak dimanfaatkan secara komersil seperti ikan Nilem. Maka Pengusaha UMKM mencoba memanfaatkan ikan Were untuk dibuat baby fish melengkapi baby fish ikan nilem jika persediaan kosong. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai tambah dari usaha baby fish berahan baku ikan nilem dan were pada UMKM di Ciawang, Leuwisari Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menganalisis nilai tambah secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode Hayami. Responden ditentukan secara sengaja yaitu UMKM baby fish ikan nilem dan ikan were di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai tambah baby fish Nilem sebesar Rp. 12.768 per kilogram dengan tingkat keuntungan yang didapat perusahaan adalah 2.,47%. Sedangkan nilai tambah baby fish were adalah Rp. 20.971 dengan tingkat keuntungan yang didapat perusahaan adalah 43,23%. Maka dapat diketahui bahwa pengolahan baby fish were lebih menguntungkan daripada ikan nilem.
Upaya Optimalisasi Hasil Panen Padi Menggunakan Berbagai Model Jarak Tanam Dan Dosis Pupuk Kandang
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Rahardjo Djoko
Published: April 2021

This research aims to determine the real interaction between bokashi dose treatment and spacing models on the growth and yield of paddy plants. The study used a 3 x 3 factorial with 3 replications. The first factor was the spacing model which consists of 3 levels, namely J1 = tile spacing model (20 x 20 cm), J2 = Jajar Legowo 4:1 (20 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm), and J3 = Jajar Legowo 2:1 (20 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm). The second factor was the dosage of bokashi fertilizer which consists of 3 levels, namely P1 = 5 tonnes per hectare, P2 = 10 tonnes per hectare, and P3 = 15 tonnes per hectare. The research discovered that there was an interaction effect on plants aged 45 days after planting as well as an increase in yield in the form of an increase in grain weight per plant clump. Model treatment also had a significant effect on plant height at the age of 15 and 30 days after planting. In addition, there were also changes in the number of tillers, productive tillers, seeds per panicle, panicle length, and grain weight per plot for all observed ages. The 4:1 legowo row model treatment resulted in the best growth and production of paddy fields, while the highest production was produced by the legowo row 2:1 treatment. Bokashi dosage treatment was 15 tons per hectare.Isi artikel ini bertujuan mengetahui adanya interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan dosis bokasi dan model jarak tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah model jarak tanam yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu J1 = model jarak tegel (20 x 20 cm), J2 = Jajar Legowo 4 :1 (20 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm), dan J3 = Jajar Legowo 2 : 1 (20 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm). Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk bokashi yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu P1 = 5 ton/ha, P2 = 10 ton/ha, dan P3 = 15 ton/ha. Riset yang dilakukan membuktikan bahwa adanya pengaruh interaksi pada tanaman umur 45 hari serta peningkatan hasil panen berupa berat gabah per rumpun yang mengalami kenaikan. Perlakuan model juga memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada usia 15 dan 30 hari sejak masa tanam. Selain itu juga adanya perubahan pada jumlah anakan, anakan produktif, biji per malai, panjang malai, dan berat gabah per petak semua umur pengamatan. Perlakuan model jajar legowo 4 : 1 menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah pertanaman paling baik, sedangkan produksi paling tinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan jajar legowo 2 : 1. Perlakuan dosis bokasi 15 ton/ha
EVALUASI WAKTU PEMBERIAN AMLODIPIN TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PASIEN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS X KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Admaja Wika , Marhenta Yogi Bhakti , Seran Krisogonus Ephrino , Wijanarko Iyana Milati Azka
Published: April 2021

Tekanan darah manusia berjalan mengikuti ritme sirkadian, yaitu tekanan darah  turun pada saat tidur dan meningkat pada pagi hari hal ini terjadi pada sebagian besar individu. Berbagai macam parameter kardiovaskular, termasuk detak jantung, tekanan darah, dan resistensi perifer, diketahui bervariasi sepanjang hari. Beberapa kejadian jantung dan otak telah lama dilaporkan tertinggi terjadi di pagi hari. Efektivitas calcium channel blockers (CCBs) menurut waktu pemberian masih belum jelas. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeahui pengaruh penurunan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi pada pemberian amlodipin 5 mg di pagi hari dibandingkan malam hari.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analisis observasional secara prospektif berdasarkan data rekam medik pasien hipertensi tunggal dengan jumlah sampel 66 pasien (kelompok penggunaan amlodipin pagi 33 pasien dan amlodipin malam 33 pasien). Diperoleh hasil penurunan sistole sebesar -7,27 dan diastole -3,33 pada kelompok amlodipin yang diminum pagi hari. Penurunan sistole pada pemberian amlodipin malam hari sebesar -15,76 dan diastole sebesar -8,48. Hasil uji Mann Whitney diketahui nilai p = 0,036 (<0,05) pada tekanan sistole pagi dan malam, nilai  p = 0,044 (<0,05) pada tekanan diastole pagi dan malam. Diperoleh kesimpulan terdapat pengaruh pemberian amlodipine pagi dan malam pada tekanan sistole dan diastole . Pemberian amlodipine 5 mg pada malam hari lebih menurunkan tekanan darah sistole dan diastole dibandingkan pemberian pada pagi hari.
Study of Anisotropy Characteristics of Bogor Volcanic Soil
Authors: Sulastri Yusi , Rahardjo Paulus Pramono
Published: April 2021

Anisotropy in soil results from the deposition process which describes the characteristics of the soil grains or is caused by stress or from the consequences of stresses caused during deposition and subsequent erosion. All soils behave in general anisotropy and some exhibit undrained shear strength. This study conducted 2 tests, namely the first field testing with original soil samples in the form of CPTu and dilatometer. The CPTu test's objective is to determine the vertical soil parameters, while the dilatometer is to determine the horizontal soil parameters. This study indicates that the indication of anisotropy in all shear strength tests is evident in the results of the CPTu test and the Dilatometer test. TX - UU and consolidation show that the horizontal shear strength (Suh) is greater than the vertical slope shear strength (Suv). In this case, the ratio obtained for shear strength is Suh = 1.3 Suv. And from the results of the consolidation test in the laboratory, it was found that the horizontal compression index parameter  (Cc horizontal) was greater than the vertical (Cc vertical) and the horizontal coefficient of consolidation (Ch) is greater than the vertical coefficient of consolidation (Cv).
Accuracy of DSM By Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles on the Downstream of Welang Riverbank, District of Pasuruan, Jawa Timur
Authors: Khaulan Dian Wahyu , Hidayah Entin , Halik Gusfan
Published: April 2021

The Digital Surface Model (DSM) is commonly used in studies on flood map modeling. The lack of accurate, high-resolution topography data has hindered flood modeling. The use of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) can help data acquisition with sufficient accuracy. This research aims to provide high-resolution DSM-generated maps by Ground Control Points (GCPs) settings. Improvement of the model's accuracy was pursued by distributing 20 GCPs along the edges of the study area. Agrisoft software was used to generate the DSM. The generated DSM can be used for various planning purposes. The model's accuracy is measured in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) based on the generated DSM. The RMSE values are 0.488 m for x-coordinates and y-coordinates (horizontal direction) and 0.161 m for z-coordinates (vertical direction).
Assessment and Optimization of Water Division Pattern in Sampean Baru Irrigation Area
Authors: September Joice Prasasty , Hidayah Entin , Halik Gusfan
Published: April 2021

Recently, agricultural production in the Sampean Baru Irrigation area has not shown optimal cropping production. The average percentage of planted areas in the first (November-February),second (March-June), and third (July-October) planting seasons for the upstream area was 93.67%; 98.02%, and 76.76%, and for the downstream area was 83.54%; 80.81%; and 89.36%. This research aims to optimize the water distribution system based on the calculation of water requirements for plants and the availability of channels to obtain the maximum planting area and amount of agricultural production. This optimization method uses a Dynamic Program with three scenarios. This calculation is based on effective rainfall, crop water requirements, and water discharge availability. Percentage of planted area obtained from the calculation in the dry year for the first, second, and third planting seasons respectively were 100%, 100%, and 90.36%. Based on the existing condition, potential profit obtained for a year is Rp. 170.08 billion. After optimization using Dynamic Program, potential profit in the dry year, normal year, and wet year are IDR 213.52 billion, IDR 215.92 billion, and IDR 228.50 billion, respectively.
Performance Assessment of Bondoyudo Watershed Management
Authors: Sulaksono Hery Budi , Halik Gusfan , Wiyono Retno Utami Agung
Published: April 2021

Continues decrease of vegetation will result in a high erosion and sedimentation rate in the Bondoyudo watershed. This will result in reduced water retention capacity and accelerate land degradation. This study aims to monitor and evaluate the performance conditions of the Bondoyudo watershed according to the assessment parameters of the weighting criteria, which include land criteria, water management criteria, socio-economic criteria, water construction investment criteria, and space utilization criteria. Information about the upper part, middle part, and lower part of Bondoyudo River is collected from primary data, secondary data, and analysis results. The score of the watershed evaluation's carrying capacity is obtained from the results of the analysis from each weighting and scoring value of each criterion and sub-criteria. Watershed performance classifications are obtained by adding up the scores of each criterion. The watershed classification's total score is 103.25, which is classified as a medium recovery level category. It necessary to manage and restore the carrying capacity of the Bondoyudo watershed in supporting the development of water resources so that there is no decline in the performance of the Bondoyudowathersed. Recommended activity plans are water resources conservation, and utilization integrated control and involving stakeholders in watershed management
Application of Digital Image Processing to Determine the Properties of Aggregates and Soil using MATLAB: A Case Study
Authors: Bathula Maruti Chowdary , Madiraju Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha
Published: April 2021

The vital physical characteristics of aggregates used in engineering and for interpretation of the genesis of naturally occurring sediment are shape and size of rocks. The mineralogical and physical composition of the rock is necessary to cater to the interaction within bounded space and soundings. Several image processing programs are available to measure the size and shape of various types of objects. The accuracy and reproducibility of the results of these imaging methods could be bettered. This paper aims to determine the aggregate dimension and volume to space behaviors through image processing tools. This study is extended investigation of the coarse aggregate shape properties such as area, volume, center of gravity (CG), elongation and flakiness index. Also, this paper discuss the development of an easy to use image processing tool to determine the shrinkage of soils due to lack of moisture content either because of natural ways/artificial ways. Two different types of soils including first sample near the SNU lake and second sample near Business Management School at Shiv Nadar University (SNU), India were collected. The samples were oven-dried over a period and shrinkage values were determined by Digital Image Processing (DIP) using MATLAB. The results are compared to wax-water method (manual method) results of shrinkage. The properties found by DIP method are reasonably agreeable for multiple aggregates and minor percentage differences in the soil shrinkage results.