bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Time Series InSAR (SBAS) Method using Sentinel-1A Data for Land Subsidence Detection in Surabaya City
Authors: Anjasmara Ira Mutiara , Yulyta Sendy Ayu , Taufik Muhammad
Published: March 2020

We studied land subsidence occurrence in Surabaya, considering the rapid urban growth in the city. It is evidenced by the increasing number of buildings (e.g., houses, apartments, offices) that have been realized before 2015 and the increasing transport activities in the industrial area. Land subsidence is a vertical deformation on the land surface that can be caused by landslides, earthquakes, soil consolidation process, or even human-made activities, depending on the material characteristics of the area. In this study, Time-series InSAR (TS-InSAR), specifically the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) method, is applied to obtain the Line-of-Sight (LOS) velocities and time-series LOS displacements in Surabaya between May 2015 and September 2017. We used 28 Sentinel-1A data (IW mode) acquired by using Terrain Observation with Progressive Scan (TOPS) operation with the spatial resolution of 5 ´ 20 m and covers the area of 250 km2. DEM SRTM with 30 m spatial resolution was used to reduce topography effect contribution in the interferograms. Based on the SBAS method, interferogram pair selection is applied with the maximum value of 150 m for the perpendicular baseline and 100 days for the temporal baseline. The DInSAR process successfully generated seventy-four (74) interferogram pairs, and then by using SBAS algorithm, the LOS velocity and time-series LOS displacement were estimated. The results showed the varying displacements respond with the significant subsidence occurred in the North, East, and Southeast part of Surabaya. The SBAS result confirmed that the LOS velocity over the Surabaya area between May 2015 and September 2017 ranges from -40 to +30 mm/year. Significant land subsidence occurred in the Asemrowo area (North Surabaya) with the value of LOS displacement velocity up to -45 mm/yr.
A Tesseract-based Optical Character Recognition for a Text-to-Braille Code Conversion
Authors: De Luna Robert G.
Published: March 2020

This study provided a platform that converts printed text documents into corresponding braille code that will trigger the palpable output of the braille cells. The system is composed of two main parts: the image scanner and the microcontroller-based braille platform. The image scanner captures the printed text document and performs a series of pre-processing algorithms where the processed image will be subjected to character recognition using Tesseract. It is open-source software for character recognition capable of recognizing text characters in different fonts and sizes. SimpleCV, also an open-source software for computer vision and a simpler version of an OpenCV, was utilized in pre-processing of images where binarization, filtering, edge detection, and character segmentation are performed. This will allow the microcontroller-based braille platform to interpret the printed characters from the generated braille code in ASCII format that will trigger the palpable output of the braille cells. The developed system was subjected to functionality and accuracy testing to assess its performance. Accuracy was based on the capability of the system to produce the right braille outputs that match the scanned line of text which are in Arial font. The testing was conducted utilizing the Arial font size of 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24. Results show that the system is capable of recognizing text with greater than 85 % accuracy starting at font size 18 with an average accuracy of 88.09 % and increases accordingly as the font size increases.
Embarazo en mujeres en situación de prostitución: autocuidado y prácticas de riesgo. Estudio cualitativo. Bogotá, Colombia 2006
Authors: Lafaurie María Mercedes , Gómez-Sánchez Pío Iván , Bernal Andrea Juliana , Gualteros María Angélica , Hassan Viviana Patricia , Lozano Jenny Amparo , Tovar Claudia Viviana
Published: March 2020

RESUMENObjetivos: identificar las prácticas de autocuidado de mujeres embarazadas en situación de prostitución, de la zona de alto impacto de las localidades Santa Fe y los Mártires, de Bogotá D.C., así como las condiciones en que se presenta el embarazo y las posibles prácticas de riesgo.Métodos: del 24 de julio al 31 de octubre de 2006, se realizó una aproximación cualitativa, con perspectiva de género, a las condiciones en las que viven sus embarazos, riesgos maternos y comportamientos de autocuidado, un grupo de 12 mujeres en situación de prostitución de las zonas de alto impacto de las localidades Santa Fe y los Mártires, de Bogotá D.C. Se obtuvo la información mediante entrevistas a profundidad, grabadas y posteriormente transcritas, previa aprobación verbal y escrita. El análisis de la información fue realizado con el apoyo del software Atlas Ti 5.0.Resultados: se encontraron riesgos asociados a sexo inseguro y embarazo no deseado; las prácticas de autocuidado se reducen al uso del condón con los clientes, más no con sus parejas. Las mujeres reportan disminución de la actividad sexual, cambio en algunas prácticas sexuales y disminución del consumo de alcohol, tabaco y substancias psicoactivas. Siete de las 12 mujeres no usaban anticoncepción; dos atribuyen su embarazo a fallas del condón.Conclusiones: más que considerar su actividad un riesgo para su embarazo, su embarazo "pone en riesgo" su actividad. En este grupo se encuentran varios factores de riesgo que amenazan la salud materna, por ello se recomienda la educación enfocada en anticoncepción, autocuidado y empoderamiento.
Efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico controlado-supervisado sobre el perfil lipídico en mujeres postmenopáusicas en Bogotá, Colombia, 2007
Authors: Mancera Érica , Ramos Diana Marcela , García-Vega Óscar Armando
Published: March 2020

Introducción y objetivo: en la postmenopausia se generan cambios metabólicos relacionados con alteraciones en el perfil lipídico, los cuales son un factor de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en esta población. El ejercicio físico (EF) regular puede mejorar el perfil lipídico, aunque son pocos los estudios que han incluido a la mujer postmenopáusica. Esta investigación buscó evaluar el efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico aeróbico, sobre el perfil lipídico de mujeres postmenopáusicas con hiperlipidemia.Metodología: estudio cuasiexperimental de antes y después, en el cual participaron 40 mujeres postmenopáusicas, a quienes se les aplicó un programa de ejercicio aeróbico controlado supervisado, de intensidad moderada a vigorosa,4-5díasporsemana y con una duración de 16 semanas. Se valoraron las concentraciones de colesterol total, triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) y apolipoproteínas A-I y B.Resultados: se encontró una reducción significativa en las concentraciones séricas del colesterol total, triglicéridos y un incremento en el VO2 (p<0,05).Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren que el programa de ejercicio físico mejora los perfiles de triglicéridos y colesterol total, disminuyendo el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en la mujer postmenopáusica, sin cambios significativos en las otras variables lipídicas.
El papel social y educativo de la crítica literaria
Authors: Motato Camelo Jesus Hernando
Published: March 2020

Este ensayo es una reflexión sobre el papel de la crítica en el ámbito de los estudios literarios y la misión del profesor como orientador en la lectura de textos clásicos.  Se plantea que la crítica cumple un rol de orientación y persuasión en la lectura y de ella el provecho para la interpretación y valoración de la obra literaria.
Relación entre la emoción y los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje
Authors: Anzelin Ingrid , Marín-Gutiérrez Alejandro
Published: March 2020

El artículo presenta el estado de conocimiento que se tiene sobre la incidencia de la emoción en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje. Para su construcción, además de la consulta de autores que se han ido constituyendo como clásicos, se analizó la producción de 72 artículos científicos publicados en los últimos años en revistas de alto impacto en ISI y SCOPUS. La investigación se organizó a partir de las categorías relación entre la emoción y el aprendizaje e incidencia de la emoción en las prácticas pedagógicas, evidenciando el avance en el conocimiento, los vacíos y retos de investigación en el tema.
La educación superior y su relación con los procesos de publicación
Authors: Mosquera-Ayala Ana María
Published: March 2020

La educación es un proceso de formación permanente que se fundamenta en el desarrollo integral de las personas, se materializa en una serie de habilidades y valores que producen cambios intelectuales, emocionales y sociales en el individuo a través de sus diferentes etapas: primaria, secundaria y educación superior.
Alfabetizar en convivencia y ciudadanía. Una revisión documental de la educación ciudadana para la resolución de la violencia y el conflicto sociocultural
Authors: Garcés Víctor Hugo
Published: March 2020

Este artículo explora las relaciones entre formación en ciudadanía y convivencia escolar. Con base en un rastreo documental, se definieron las tendencias que guían las investigaciones sobre esta relación. Resultado de esta metodología cualitativa, de orden interpretativo, se logró trazar los diferentes enfoques que abordan la educación en convivencia ciudadana.
La enseñanza en ciudadanía: nuevas exigencias para la escuela
Authors: Quiceno Botero Francy Julieth , Betancur Lozano Marlen Julieth , Rojas Betancur Hector Mauricio
Published: March 2020

Hoy se le exige a la escuela, especialmente en los niveles de educación inicial y básica, un currículo que garantice la formación en ciudadanía de manera transversal y significativa. No obstante, desde la propia expresión de los educadores, esta intencionalidad curricular se ve frustrada por la exigencia técnica de la educación, la falta de elementos conceptuales y didácticos y la escasa preparación de los profesores en el ámbito de formación ciudadana. Este artículo de reflexión propone, desde la mirada de los profesores, que los objetivos de la formación en ciudadanía se diluyen en las rutinas educativas y en la ausencia de una correspondencia entre los principios curriculares y las posibilidades para su concreción en el ámbito familiar y social de la niñez.
Criterios de selección de una revista científica para postular un artículo: breve guía para no 'quemar' un paper
Authors: Reyes Rodríguez Alixon , Moraga Muñoz Rodrigo
Published: March 2020

La divulgación científica es imprescindible para consolidar el diálogo académico y el desarrollo científico-técnico. Ahora, mucha de la investigación que se hace y se divulga no produce el impacto esperado dado que las vías de divulgación no son las más adecuadas en algunos casos. Este trabajo tiene como propósito la revisión propositiva de criterios de selección de revistas científicas en aras de la postulación de artículos para su publicación. Así, plantea una serie de indicadores que guían la escogencia de una revista que reúna las mejores condiciones en el ámbito de la visibilidad, acceso, impacto y calidad de la información.
Editorial v. 12, n. 2 2019
Authors: Castro Vitorio Delogo de
Published: March 2020

Editorial v. 12, n. 2 2019
On Computing the Stress-Strain State of a Transformable Large-Scale Space Structure
Authors: Zhang Z. , Zimin V.N. , Krylov A.V. , Churilin S.A.
Published: March 2020

Design and development of transformable large-scale space structures requires thoroughly analysing their operating conditions and existing internal and external forces, as well as determining the stress-strain state of load-bearing frameworks. As a rule, complete fullscale tests of orbital operation of transformable structures is impossible on Earth. This fact means that the problem of developing mathematical models that properly simulate mechanical properties of such structures becomes crucial for their design. These models should allow design computations to be carried out efficiently and various layouts to be analysed. We present our procedure of computing the stress-strain state for load-bearing framework elements using deployment of a 20 m diameter annular antenna as an example. The stress-strain state of the load-bearing frame elements is determined by impact loads generated during deployment when adjacent links are mounted on locking plates. In order to determine these impact loads, we computed framework deployment parameters, calculating the velocities of framework elements at the moments when they come into contact with the locking plates. We then assume the velocities obtained for the transformable load-bearing framework links to be the initial conditions for a finite element model of the structure used to compute its stress-strain state. As a result, the calculations yielded equivalent stresses generated in the load-bearing framework components during deployment.
Non-Linear Model Dynamics Analysis for Aerospace Engineering Structures Subjected to Non-Steady-State Random Loads
Authors: Tushev O.N. , Belyaev A.V. , Wang Yizhou
Published: March 2020

In aerospace engineering, it is customary to employ stochastic analysis methods at the design stage to investigate how the mechanical system responds to random external forces. This is relevant due to high reliability requirements for spacecraft. We developed a method for probabilistic estimation of the dynamic properties of a structure subjected simultaneously to external (additive) and parametric (multiplicative) vibrations. An ordinary non-linear vector differential equation describes the vibrations in the elastic structure. Non-linear position and velocity properties of kinematic pairs may have cusps and discontinuities. We assume that the probabilistic dispersions of respective phase coordinates are close to the normal distribution of probability density. The initial non-linear vibration equations are statistically linearised. The system of differential equations is not rewritten in the canonical form, which means that it is possible to carry out the probabilistic analysis of the system for any external non-steady-state effect. The fundamental matrix of the linearised system is used to find the expected value vector and the correlation function matrix of the phase coordinate vector. The solution consists of a matrix integro-power series containing linear and quadratic terms. Using the method makes it possible to assess the contribution of each external force component to the total result. We consider an example of a non-linear system responding to a stepwise non-steady-state external influence.
Radial Hydrostatic Compensator for Deformations in a Machine-Tool Technological System
Authors: Kodnyanko V.A.
Published: March 2020

The paper considers a design of a radial hydrostatic compensator for deformations in a machine-tool technological system. The paper also presents its mathematical model and a method for computing its static properties. We show that this design is capable of ensuring a stable negative compliance value in the low and moderate load ranges. We established that the form the characteristic curves take is largely dependent on the tuning coefficient for the friction loss in the input throttle, which has an optimum value in terms of load property stability. We provide an example of computing compensator parameters and determine that it is capable of performing its functions in a machine tool with real-world characteristics.
Stationary Subalgebras in General Position for Tensor Product
Authors: Styrt O.G.
Published: March 2020

The paper studies stationary subalgebras in general position of compact linear groups. We prove that, except for several specific cases, a stationary subalgebra in general position of a tensor product of real or complex compact group representations acts as a scalar on all tensor factors but possibly one. In the real case, it means that this stationary subalgebra in general position is contained in one of the direct summand subalgebras. We used the following concepts to solve this problem: conventional linear algebra arguments; theory of Lie groups, Lie algebras and their representations; and methods similar to those of solving similar problems for complex reductive linear groups.
Generation and Registration of High--Frequency Coupled Gravitational Waves
Authors: Morozov A.N. , Pustovoit V.I.
Published: March 2020

The paper describes the process of generating a coupled gravitational wave as a result of two electromagnetic waves propagating in a vacuum, the frequency of one wave being two times that of the other. We show that when a coupled gravitational wave interacts with two strong electromagnetic waves, lower frequency harmonics are generated. We consider the case of generating a coupled standing gravitational wave by means of strong standing electromagnetic waves and recording said gravitational wave as it interacts with these electromagnetic waves. We determined that the sensitivity of modern SQUID magnetometers is adequate for successfully conducting a laboratory experiment in generating and recording coupled high-frequency gravitational waves.
Informacja pasażerska w łódzkiej komunikacji miejskiej wczoraj i dziś
Authors: Siedlecki Tomasz
Published: March 2020

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wpływ informacji pasażerskiej na decyzje transportowe mieszkańców oraz politykę transportową miast. Ponadto autor wskazał rolę informacji pasażerskiej w koncepcji transportu zrównoważonego, a tym samym w ekonomii zrównoważonego rozwoju. Następnie opisał zmiany, jakie wprowadzono w systemie informacji pasażerskiej w Łodzi, podając za przykład postępy w zakresie m.in. schematów komunikacyjnych, tablic informacji pasażerskiej, zapowiedzi głosowych czy aplikacji mobilnych. Na koniec autor zaprezentował wyniki badań MPK-Łódź Sp. z o.o. na temat wprowadzonych zmian w systemie informacji pasażerskiej w Łodzi.
Wpływ działalności przemysłu wydobywczego i energetycznego na środowisko życia ludzi – szansa czy zagrożenie? Przykład KWB i Elektrowni Bełchatów
Authors: Kucharska Paulina
Published: March 2020

Nadrzędnym celem podjętych w artykule rozważań było zbadanie problemu wpływu przemysłu wydobywczego i energetycznego na środowisko życia mieszkańców. Podkreślony został ambiwalentny stosunek do tej kwestii, rozpatrywanej zarówno pod kątem zagrożeń środowiskowych, generowanych przez analizowane rodzaje działalności przemysłowej, jak i z perspektywy korzyści finansowych, pozyskiwanych przez samorząd z tytułu różnego rodzaju podatków i opłat. Do analizy podjętej problematyki posłużył przykład gminy Kleszczów, na której terenie zlokalizowana jest większość wyrobiska górniczego KWB Bełchatów. Wspomniana jednostka samorządu terytorialnego pobiera wysokie podatki i opłaty od spółki PGE, jednocześnie będąc bezpośrednim odbiorcą negatywnych skutków działalności górniczej, wliczając zanieczyszczenie gleb, powietrza, odwodnienie terenu czy wstrząsy górnicze. Na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania kwestionariuszowego przedstawiono opinię mieszkańców na temat wpływu działalności przemysłowej na środowisko ich życia. Badanie społeczne pozwoliło także poznać stanowisko respondentów odnośnie do wysokości wypłacanych przez PGE S.A. kwot oraz tego, czy zmiany w środowisku są należycie rekompensowane finansowo. W toku rozważań zweryfikowano także stwierdzenie o kluczowej roli jednostki samorządu terytorialnego w budowaniu strategii rozwoju zrównoważonego i podejmowaniu inicjatyw mających na celu równoważenie strat środowiskowych oraz zapewnienie utrzymania przewagi konkurencyjnej po zaprzestaniu działalności górniczej.
REPRESENTACIONES SOCIOAMBIENTALES PERIURBANAS.
Authors: Molina Ruíz Hector Daniel , Martínez Muñóz Enrique , Bustos Aguayo José Marcos , Juárez Nájera Margarita , García Lirios Cruz
Published: March 2020

La teoría de las representaciones sociales ha evolucionado conforme se gestan desigualdades entre especies con respecto al entorno. El objetivo de este artículo es discutir los alcances y límites de los enfoques sociogenético, sociodinámico y estructural que describen las diferencias entre urbes centrales y periferias rurales con respecto a los recursos y servicios públicos. Se propone un nuevo enfoque a fin de poder explicar la gestión y administración del entorno en la semi-centralidad y la semi-periferia.
PROYECCIONES DE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO PARA LA ZONA CENTRO DE VILLAHERMOSA, TABASCO
Authors: Zapata Aguilar Cesar Manuel , Andrade Velázquez Mercedes , Valdés Manzanilla Arturo
Published: March 2020

El cambio climático es un fenómeno que, en la actualidad, presenta un desafío para los países a nivel mundial. Los efectos, que este fenómeno puede tener, están asociados a cambios en las variables meteorológicas por largos periodos. Esto ha llevado a desarrollar métodos para proyectar estos cambios y tomar las medidas necesarias de mitigación y adaptación. En este trabajo se analizaron las proyecciones de temperatura máxima (Tmáx) por un período de 25 años en un punto específico en la ciudad de Villahermosa, Tabasco. Las mediciones se obtuvieron de una estación de calidad del aire. Se empleó un escenario de las trayectorias de concentración representativa (RCP-siglas en inglés), para encontrar un patrón de comportamiento futuro de Tmáx. El análisis del RCP 6.0 mostró que se espera un aumento promedio de Tmáx de 1.34 °C a lo largo de 2015-2039, con una tasa de 0.02 °C/año, similar con la histórica reportada en otros estudios.
The concept of HOME in Polish and Portuguese – distant cultures, similar concepts
Authors: Bułat-Silva Zuzanna
Published: March 2020

The concept of HOME in Polish and Portuguese – distant cultures, similar conceptsThe aim of the present paper is to investigate the concept of HOME in Polish and in Portuguese language and culture. The methodology which suits its purpose best and allows to compare words from different languages without an ethnocentric bias is the NSM, Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach cf. Wierzbicka 1996, Goddard/Wierzbicka 2002. On the basis of lexical and textual data the meaning of Polish dom is explicated and compared with its Portuguese equivalent, casa. Despite the differences in treating public and private space in Polish and Portuguese cultures, the notions of HOME in these two languages have many things in common: both dom and casa are multidimensional concepts referring not only to ‘people living together in a place’ but are also related to emotions such as love, tenderness and homesickness, and to feelings of security and warmth.
Terminological discrepancies in the field of software testing: A case of mistake, error, bug, defect, fault, and failure in the specialist language of IT
Authors: Krawiec Magdalena
Published: March 2020

Terminological discrepancies in the field of software testing: a case of mistake, error, bug, defect, fault, and failure in the specialist language of ITThe article seeks to arrive at a proper understanding of the most challenging words in the field of software testing, i.e., mistake, error, bug, defect, fault, and failure. The paper presents a semantic analysis of the words, for non-English practitioners of IT find it difficult to discriminate between them. The article is based on native English texts such as dictionaries, blog posts, software testing manuals and the like in order to ensure linguistic reliability and better understanding of the terms. The meaning of selected terms is compared by means of standard dictionaries and those dedicated to IT practitioners. Moreover, a theoretical overview of terminological issues in IT is conducted.
Вопросно-ответный ход в российском политическом дискурсе
Authors: Dudek-Waligóra Gabriela
Published: March 2020

The question and answer method in Russian political discourseThe article presents one of the types of rhetorical mechanisms used in political discourse – the question and answer method. The question and answer method is a rhetorical device in which the speaker asks a question and formulates his answer to it. The material for research is based on the official public texts of utterances made by contemporary Russian politicians: Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev, Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky and Gennady Andreyevich Zyuganov. Definitions of the question-answering method are provided and the main functions of this phenomenon are given. The analysis shows that the question-answering method helps politicians to persuade society. It can be concluded that this rhetorical device serves to establish contact with the audience, to draw attention to information, to make the speeches of politicians dynamic, expressive and emotional. The most important thing, however, is that the question-answering method leads to the type of solution proposed by the politician that is desirable for the consideration of problems. The linguistic material has shown that this is an actively used method in the political discourse of contemporary Russia.
Słowo „szerować” i jego stabilność ekspresywna
Authors: Kochanek Patrycja
Published: March 2020

The Polish word szerować and its expressive stabilityThe purpose of this article is to evaluate the expressive and emotional characteristics of the word szerować, in the meaning “share something on social media”. In the first part of the paper, I analyze the situational context related to Internet and corporate communication. Next, I look at the etymology of the word, dictionary and contextual meanings of the lexeme based on analysis of the content of electronic dictionaries. I also present the results of a survey which was conducted for the purposes of this article. Finally, I will verify its word-formation structure, determine the values in the word and assign basic emotions to it.
Das Prinzip der Objektivität in akademischen Texten: Modalisierende Signale im deutsch-polnischen Kontrast
Authors: Schönherr Monika
Published: March 2020

The principle of objectivity in academic texts: Modalizing markers in German-Polish contrastStudents’ written works produced in an academic environment follow certain scientific conventions, such as formality or objectivity. The objective style of academic texts can be reflected in how the writer refers to the research of others or uses referential markers and modals. This paper is aimed at discussing several aspects related to objectivism and subjectivism in academic-scientific writing. Moreover, it shows the most frequent mistakes Polish students usually make in their L2 German academic texts, particularly in their bachelor and master theses.
Гелена викрадена або Польсько-українські зв’язки у «Вогнем і мечем» Єжи Гофмана
Authors: Liguziński Stanisław
Published: March 2020

KIDNAPPED HELENA, OR POLISH-UKRAINIAN RELATIONS IN JERZY HOFFMAN’S WITH FIRE AND SWORDBeing one of the most beloved epics and once a vessel of patriotism, written famously to strengthen the hearts of Poles during the partition of the country, Henryk Sienkiewicz’s Trilogy still stirs a lot of controversies among other nations depicted in the novels. Considering Poland’s past colonial entanglement with Ukraine, difficult unresolved issues in our common history and disdainful descriptions of Cossacks, none of the series’ parts proved to be as problematic to adapt to the screen as With Fire and Sword. Being able to finally make the movie and complete his lifetime project of filming Trilogy after 31 years of struggle, a Polish film director Jerzy Hoffman faced a serious challenge of preserving the spirit of the novel without enhancing reciprocal prejudices between the nations. In my article, I try to identify textual and visual strategies employed by the director in order to refract disturbing colonial underpinning of Sienkiewicz’s With Fire and Sword. Analysing the narrative frame, genre shifts, construction of the characters and ideological implications of certain aesthetic choices, I argue that to a certain degree Hoffman managed to transform the novel’s classic imperialistic narrative of mission civilisatrice — providing rationale for colonization on the grounds of social evolutionism and civilizational progress — into a subversive melodrama personifying feuding nations as equal subjects. By doings so, the director managed to scale down nostalgic yearning for the bygone power and magnitude of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in order to redirect audience’s attention to the necessity of maintaining good relations with our sovereign neighbour.Translated by Stanisław Liguziński
Recenzja: The Western and the Indian „Raison D’être”
Authors: Perzyna Joanna
Published: March 2020

THE WESTERN AND THE INDIAN RAISON D’ÊTREThe article is a review of Western i Indianie. Filmowe wizerunki rdzennych Amerykanów w kinie amerykańskim do końca lat siedemdziesiątych XX wieku Western and the Indians: Cinematic Images of Native Americans from the Beginning to the 1970s by Sławomir Bobowski 2015. Taking his clues from Tzvetan Todorow, Bobowski traces the major stages in the evolution of Hollywood’s de­pictions of Native Americans: from the savage, to the noble savage, to the good Indian and aman who lives in harmony with nature.WESTERN I INDIAÑSKIE RAISON D’ÊTREArtykuł jest recenzją książki Western i Indianie. Filmowe wizerunki rdzennych Amerykanów w kinie amerykańskim do końca lat siedemdziesiątych XX wieku autorstwa Sławomira Bobowskiego 2015. Wziąwszy główne koncepty od Tzvetana Todorova, Bobowski analizuje prymarne fazy ewolucji hol­lywoodzkich obrazów rdzennych Amerykanów: od dzikusa do szlachetnego Indianina i człowieka ży­jącego w harmonii z naturą.                                                                                               Przeł. Kordian Bobowski
Europa bije się w piersi. Recenzja książki „Postkolonialna Europa. Etnoobrazy współczesnego kina” Krzysztofa Loski
Authors: Czerkawski Piotr
Published: March 2020

EUROPE REPENTANT. REVIEW OF POSTCOLONIAL EUROPE: ETHNO-REPRESENTATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY CINEMA BY KRZYSZTOF LOSKAThe subject of the present paper is a book „Postkolonialna Europa. Etnoobrazy współczesnego kina”  by professor Krzysztof Loska from the Jagiellonian University, focused on an attempt to analyse the cinema of the Old Continent from post-colonial point of view. The review underlines a valuable contribution to Polish film studies that the book makes and emphasizes the scale of research underta­ken, as well as the manner accuracy and the ability to perform a witty interpretation of each and every movie. In accordance to the reasoning included in the review, all these features can be noticed in parti­cular in the chapters dedicated to the French cinema. In the present paper the author also pays attention, though, to omission of few movies that are strongly tied to the subject of Loska’s considerations and some irrelevance of the chapter named „Hybrydowość...” in relation to the rest of the book. However, those little concerns do not affect a very high rating of the quality of the reviewed book.                                                                                   Translated by Kordian Bobowski
East Asian Westerns at/as the Limits of the Western Genre Criticism
Authors: Siebert Monika
Published: March 2020

The East Asian Westerns of the twenty-first century have been studied extensively by scholars of East Asian cinema, yet have been largely missing from the conversations animating the Western genre studies, despite the field’s recent transnational turn. This absence might be linked to their unique for­mal feature: their de-coupling of the genre’s most recognizable tropes and props from their presumed location in the American West. By indigenizing the Western, films such as Miike Takashi’s Sukiyaki Western Django 2007 or Kim Jee-woon’s The Good, the Bad, the Weird 2008 have served to consolidate national cinemas in East Asia and refashioned our understanding of globalization by highlight­ing regional, intra-Asian trajectories of influence. Despite their hasty dismissal by some Western film critics, they may still reinvigorate the theoretical conversations at the heart of Western studies as well as pose productive questions about their influence on the practice and reception of the U.S. iterations of the genre. In their deft citations drawing on the global Western vernacular, East Asian Westerns expose the centrality of the American West as the unsurpassable limit of the Western genre studies, while simultaneously revealing the appreciatively transnational tenor of the contemporary practice of the genre in the United States.WSCHODNIOAZJATYCKIE WESTERNY NA GRANICY/JAKO GRANICE KRYTYKI GATUNKU WESTERNUWschodnioazjatyckie westerny są szczegółowo badane przez badaczy azjatyckiego kina, jednak wyraź­nie pomijane w dyskusjach ożywiających studia nad gatunkiem westernu mimo niedawnego pojawie­nia się transnarodowej perspektywy badawczej. Ta nieobecność może mieć związek z ich wyjątkową formalną cechą: odłączenie najbardziej rozpoznawalnych tropów i rekwizytów gatunkowych od ich macierzystej lokalizacji na amerykańskim Zachodzie. Przez akulturację westernu filmy takie, jak Sukiy­aki Western Django 2007 Miike Takashiego czy Dobry, zły i zakręcony 2008 Kima Jee-woona, służą konsolidacji kina narodowego we wschodniej Azji oraz przeformułowują nasze rozumienie globaliza­cji, podkreślając regionalne wewnątrzazjatyckie trajektorie wpływu. Mimo pochopnego lekceważenia przez niektórych zachodnich krytyków filmy te wciąż mają szansę ożywić teoretyczne dyskusje w sercu westernowych badań, jak również stawiać pożyteczne pytania o ich wpływ na praktykę iodbiór amery­kańskich reprodukcji gatunku. W swoich wprawnych cytowaniach obrazowania opartych na globalnym westernowym żargonie wschodnioazjatyckie westerny odsłaniają główne znaczenie amerykańskiego Zachodu jako nieprzekraczalną granicę badań gatunkowych westernu, jednocześnie ujawniając akcep­tująco ponadnarodową tonację współczesnej praktyki w obszarze tego gatunku w USA.                                                                                             Przeł. Kordian Bobowski
Z głębokości milczę do Ciebie, Boże! "Milczenie" Endō/Scorsese jako traktat teologiczny
Authors: Legan Michał
Published: March 2020

From the depth i am silent to you, Lord! The Silence by Endō/Scorsese as a theological treatmentThe Silence by Endō/Scorsese is a masterpiece, and it is a fundamentally Christian masterpiece. The beatification of Ukon Takayama 7.02.2017 — a samurai, who sacrificed his life to Christ — took place in the moment when the Japanese Catholic Church only half a million people of the 127 million inhabitants is being touched by crisis and attacked. In this social-cultural perspective the film by Scorsese should be placed. The Silence talks about the core of Christianity — it is a meditation on silent God. The main hero of the movie is a young Jesuit searching in Japan that is hostile towards Christianity, his master — the apostate. The whole drama of the action is implicated by the question: Will he — the protagonist — betray his faith or not? And yet Endō’s novel and Scorsese’s movie only seemingly tell the story about Jesuits in Japan of the 17th century. The point is that we are experiencing today the moments of triumph and expansion and tomorrow we may stand in front of the drama of the most tragic choices. If the measure of the size of a film work is its depth of the questions, which bother a spectator after the movie projection, The Silence by Scorsese is the emanation of what is most important in cinema. Scorsese, with admirable theological instinct leads his spectators but only these astute spectators towards the discovery of the axis of the drama. Thus, the spectators for a short while have the chance to look at the wounded creature through the eyes of God. Through the eyes of merciful God who justifies human beings because He sees all these things which are hidden for them. The film bears on itself the weight of a theological treaty.
Różne stany doskonałości. Proboszcz z Ambricourt według Bernanosa i Bressona
Authors: Gorczyński Maciej
Published: March 2020

Different state of perfectness. The priest from Ambricourt according to Bernanos and BressonIn the paper the author draws a comparison between Georges Bernanosʼ Journal d’un curé de campagne The diary of a country priest, and Robert Bresson’s adaptation of the book. The aim of the comparison is to show, how different artistic principles affected the way the holiness is presented. The author claims that it is not actually holiness, but a peculiar state, which Saint John of the Cross called Dark Night of the Senses. The paper represents fields of literary studies, and film studies.
Egzorcyzmy nieświęte. Teologiczne tropy kinowych adaptacji
Authors: Prokop Adam R.
Published: March 2020

Not holy exorcism. Theological traces in cinematic adaptationsThe rite of major exorcism, which includes imperative formulas addressed at Satan, still exists in the liturgy of the Latin Church. It has become the basis for numerous film adaptations somewhat fascinated by the Christian almighty God and his eternal opponent, the fallen angel. Moreover, the character of the exorcist, a man who holds the power to expel evil spirits, also raises many questions about his faith, morality and objectives. The energumen, i.e. the possessed individual, is a character able to shape and embellish the entire picture, and even the plot. An insight into those four persons, who are the core of cinematographic reinterpretations of exorcism and an integral part for the liturgy itself, constitutes the main subject of the article, preceded by a basic explanation of the terminology and a brief historical outline of the development of the rite of exorcism.
Recenzja książki Jolanty Pisarek i Pawła Fortuny "Filmowy leksykon psychologii", Lublin 2017, ss. 400
Authors: Małyszek Tomasz
Published: March 2020

Film therapy. Review of the book by Jolanta Pisarek and Paweł Fortuna, Filmowy leksykon psychologii, Lublin 2017, 400 pp.The present review describes the book Filmowy leksykon psychologii 2018 by Jolanta Pisarek and Paweł Fortuna. It is focused on a practical used idea of the cinema aesthetics in psychology by the authors of the lexicon. The main point of the review is to describe a new context of the typical cinema material and classical psychological vocabulary that means a new quality of communication with the readers. In this connection the submitted article shows the context and the changed meaning of many functions and scenes in different movies according to the psychological vocabulary. The conclusions of the review are positive.
Granice państwowe, narodowe i kulturowe w prozie wspomnieniowej Juliana Ursyna Niemcewicza
Authors: Nalepa Marek
Published: March 2020

Государственные, народные и культурные границы в мемуарной прозе Юлиана Урсын-НемцевичаУроженец деревни Скоки Брест-Литовского округа Юлиан Урсын-Немцевич в жизни принадлежал к группе людей, необыкновенно интересующихся миром, следствием чего были его многочисленные путешествия по Европе и Америке. Он странствовал, добровольно или под принуждением, по Старому Свету от Сицилии до Скандинавии и от Лондона до Петербурга, совершил экскурсию на Ниагарский водопад, посетил индейские и негритянские деревни Земли Вашингтона и потому, что не чувствовал себя спокойно при мысли, что лучше познал чужие края, чем землю отцов, в 1811 году предпринял цикл исторических путешествий по Польше, в которых, кроме туристических целей, хотел проявить свой гражданский протест против установления в 1772 году границ государствами-захватчиками на земле Речи Посполитой Обоих Народов. Постоянно в сообщениях парламентарных, корреспондентских и литературных он протестовал против административной демаркационной линии, с трудом её пересекал, придерживаясь принципа, что границы Польши раз и навсегда установили пястовские и ягеллонские правители. Он не соглашался с любыми их изменениями и ограничениями и не признал утрату государственных границ в 1795 году. Более всего он сопротивлялся нарушению границ, разделяющих первоначально Варшавское Княжество, а потом Королевство Польское и Российскую империю. State, national and cultural borders in Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz’s memorial prose Born in Skoki, near Brest, Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz was part of a group of people in the Enlightenment period who were exceptionally interested in the world, which led to his numerous travels across Europe and America. He travelled, voluntarily or under coercion, across the Old Continent, from Sicily to Scandinavia, and from London to St. Petersburg; he went on a trip to Niagara Falls, visited Indian and Negro villages in the Washington Land, and, feeling uncomfortable with the idea that he had got to know foreign lands better than his fatherland, in 1811 he embarked on a series of historical journeys across Poland, during which, in addition to pursuing tourist goals, he wanted to manifest his civic objection to the partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772. In his accounts memoirs, letters and literary works he consistently challenged administrative demarcation lines, crossing them with great difficulty, faithful as he was to the belief that Poland’s borders had been set once and for all by rulers from the Houses of Piast and Jagiellon. He accepted no changes of the borders and reduction of the country’s territory, and obviously did not acknowledge the loss of statehood in 1795. What became the most problematic for him was the crossing of the border separating first the Duchy of Warsaw and then the Kingdom of Poland from the Russian Empire.
The policy of the conversion of the Soviet Gipsies to a settled and agricultural way of life in the south of Russia in the 1920s – 1930s
Authors: Akopyan Viktor , Ermakov Viktor , Milyaeva Ludmila
Published: March 2020

К вопросу о репатриации поляков Северного Кавказа в Польшу после Первой мировой войны В статье на основе архивных документов и опубликованных исследований рассматриваются особенности репатриации в Польшу проживавших на Северном Кавказе этнических поляков как беженцев Первой мировой войны и военнопленных, так и российских поданных. Отмечается, что процесс массовой репатриации, начавшийся сразу же после окончания Первой мировой войны, в основном завершился в 1923 году. Этот короткий временной отрезок, можно условно разделить на несколько этапов. Первый — от восстановления 11 ноября 1918 года польской государственности и до весны 1920 года. На этом этапе репатриацией в основном занимались региональные польские дипломатические представительства и национальные политические организации. Второй — с весны 1920 года, когда на Северном Кавказе окончательно утвердилась советская власть, и до конца 1921 года. На этом этапе репатриацию осуществляли отделения Центрального управления по эвакуации населения и польские национальные секции. Завершающий этап массовой репатриации приходится на 1922–1923 годы. The policy of the conversion of the Soviet Gipsies to a settled and agricultural way of life in the south of Russia in the 1920s–1930sThe article deals with the policy of the Soviet state on the indigenization of the south Russian Gipsies in the interwar period 1920s–1930s. According to the normative acts of the Soviet authorities, the local land bodies were obliged to provide with land from the vacant land fund and according to the local working norm those Gipsies who were willing to convert to a settled way of life and engage themselves in agricultural business. The authors adhere to the viewpoint that the indigenization of the Gipsies and the organization of their national collective farms was the result of the compromise between the interests of the authorities and those of the Gipsy communities. The Gipsies pursuing their own pragmatic goals supported the organization of the collective farms provided they could benefit from this. But as soon as the collective farms became onerous for them the Gipsies having received the cash benefits and loans would at once abandon the allotted land. The authors of the article are of the opinion that for all the controversy of the policy of the conversion of the Gipsies to a settled way of life, the very existence of the Gipsy settlements is a positive form of their national and cultural development.
Polityka wobec finansowania edukacji wyższej w Polsce
Authors: Moroń Dorota
Published: March 2020

Policy towards the higher education financing in PolandThe article provides an analysis of the issue related to public and private financing of higher education in Poland. The arguments for the systems of public, private, or mixed financing of studies are compared here with the European models of financing higher education. This paper analyses the Polish system of financing education in the context of both legal bases and the reality in the operation of higher education institutions. The analysis indicates that the system of financing public higher education is in fact dual, i.e. it consists of paid studies and tuition free studies. The fact that almost half of the students pay for their education triggers a question whether education is really free and whether everyone has equal access to education. The analysis of the costs incurred by the students and the possibilities to gain financial support indicates a significant percentage of private expenditures in financing higher education.The mixed system of financing higher education in Poland and the existence of public and non-public higher schools prove that the entities providing higher education services as well as the flows of funds for higher schools are diversified. Thus, the citizens can use public education services but often they are obliged to pay for the service.
Polityka narodowościowa II Rzeczypospolitej wobec Łemków
Authors: Kępa Mateusz
Published: March 2020

Ethnic policy of the Second Republic of Poland towards the LemkosEthnic policy towards the “non-Polish” population, in particular considering the ethnic group of the Lemkos in the period of the Second Republic of Poland was characterised by two concepts of assimilation: ethnic and national. Undoubtedly, one figure who distinguished himself in the process of creating policy towards the Lemkos was W. Wielhorski, who effectuated clear and complete examination of the Lemkos issue in the Second Republic of Poland. Any operations undertaken by Polish authorities aimed at gaining loyalty of the Lemkos population as well as at conferring autonomy in order to maintain their ethnic or cultural distinctiveness. The twilight of the 1930s saw a change in the government’s orientation towards the “non-Polish” population which was expressed in a military, nationalistic way of leading the ethnic policy.
Kryzys imigracyjny a sytuacja partii prawicowych w Grupie Wyszehradzkiej w 2015 roku
Authors: Starzyk Adam
Published: March 2020

Migration crisis and the situation of the right-wing partiesin the Visegrad Group in 2015Migrations crisis, which was widely commented in the European media in the European media and public opinion in 2015, had some impact on the political parties in EU countries. This paper attempts to answer the question of how this problem affected right-wing parties in the V4. The author used the opinion polls from each country and tried to explain whether the crisis helped the right-wing parties to improve their position in national party systems.
Regulacja w celu deregulacji. Polityka bezpieczeństwa na obszarach wodnych w Polsce
Authors: Czapiewski Tomasz
Published: March 2020

To regulate in order to deregulate. Water safety policy in PolandThe aim of this article is to analyze the reform of the water safety system in Poland and the functioning of this public policy domain after four full years after passing of the new law. The author states that the deregulation and commercialization are the main effects of the reform, and are in particular caused by adopted practice of interpretation of the rules by the ministry. State authorities lack adequate resources to carry out the supervisory or even coordinating functions. The new act transferred responsibilities without creating a coherent system of financing and introduced a system of price competition without effective system for checking regulatory compliance. The growing share of private actors — individuals or civil law partnerships operating for leads to the conclusion about commercialization. The adopted regulations are not in compliance with modern world trends of effective prevention against drowning, precisely outlined in the WHO report.