bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting Physical Activity and Weight Loss With mHealth Interventions Among Workers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Jung Jiyeon , Cho Inhae
Published: January 2022

Background

Physical activity (PA) is a vital factor in promoting health in the workforce. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have recently emerged in workplace health promotion as an effective strategy for inducing changes in health behaviors among workers; however, the effectiveness of mHealth interventions in promoting PA and weight loss for workers is unclear.

Objective

This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of current evidence on the effectiveness of mHealth interventions in promoting PA and weight loss among workers.

Methods

We searched relevant databases, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, and the Cochrane Library, for publications on mHealth interventions in the English or Korean language from inception to December 2020. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of mHealth in improving PA and weight loss were retrieved. A meta-analysis with a random effects model and subgroup analyses was performed on PA types and mHealth intervention characteristics.

Results

A total of 8 studies were included in this analysis. More than half of the studies (5/8, 63%) were identified as having a high risk of bias. The mHealth intervention group showed a significant improvement in PA (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.22, 95% CI 0.03-0.41; P<.001; I2=78%). No significant difference in weight loss was observed when comparing the intervention group with the control groups (SMD 0.02, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.10; P=.48; I2=0%). A subgroup analysis was also performed; walking activity (SMD 0.70, 95% CI 0.21-1.19; P<.001; I2=83.3%), a multicomponent program (SMD 0.19, 95% CI 0.05-0.33; P=.03; I2=57.4%), objective measurement (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.05-1.10; P<.001; I2=87.3%), and 2 or more delivery modes (SMD 0.44, 95% CI 0.01-0.87; P<.001; I2=85.1%) were significantly associated with an enhancement in PA.

Conclusions

This study suggests that mHealth interventions are effective for improving PA among workers. Future studies that assess long-term efficacy with a larger population are recommended.
Promoting Physical Activity and Weight Loss With mHealth Interventions Among Workers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Jung Jiyeon , Cho Inhae
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Physical activity (PA) is a vital factor in promoting health in the workforce. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have recently emerged in workplace health promotion as an effective strategy for inducing changes in health behaviors among workers; however, the effectiveness of mHealth interventions in promoting PA and weight loss for workers is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of current evidence on the effectiveness of mHealth interventions in promoting PA and weight loss among workers.

METHODS

We searched relevant databases, including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Complete, and the Cochrane Library, for publications on mHealth interventions in the English or Korean language from inception to December 2020. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of mHealth in improving PA and weight loss were retrieved. A meta-analysis with a random effects model and subgroup analyses was performed on PA types and mHealth intervention characteristics.

RESULTS

A total of 8 studies were included in this analysis. More than half of the studies (5/8, 63%) were identified as having a high risk of bias. The mHealth intervention group showed a significant improvement in PA (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.22, 95% CI 0.03-0.41; P<.001; I2=78%). No significant difference in weight loss was observed when comparing the intervention group with the control groups (SMD 0.02, 95% CI –0.07 to 0.10; P=.48; I2=0%). A subgroup analysis was also performed; walking activity (SMD 0.70, 95% CI 0.21-1.19; P<.001; I2=83.3%), a multicomponent program (SMD 0.19, 95% CI 0.05-0.33; P=.03; I2=57.4%), objective measurement (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.05-1.10; P<.001; I2=87.3%), and 2 or more delivery modes (SMD 0.44, 95% CI 0.01-0.87; P<.001; I2=85.1%) were significantly associated with an enhancement in PA.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that mHealth interventions are effective for improving PA among workers. Future studies that assess long-term efficacy with a larger population are recommended.

CLINICALTRIAL
Локальний імунний гомеостаз слизової оболонки шлунка при хронічних CagA-позитивних НР-асоційованих гастритах у дітей
Authors: Abaturov O.Ye. , Shpon’ka I.S. , Poslavska O.V. , Zavgorodnya N.Yu.
Published: January 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню лімфоцитарно-макрофагальної ланки місцевого імунітету слизової оболонки шлунка у дітей в умовах хронічного Нр-асоційованого гастриту з урахуванням наявності цитотоксин-асоційованого гену А (CagA) Нр шляхом проведення стандартного морфологічного дослідження за модифікованою сіднейською системою та імуногістохімічного дослідження біоптатів.
Местная терапия острых фарингитов у детей
Authors: Abaturov A.Ye. , Gerasimenko O.N. , Vysochina I.L. , Krivusha Ye.L. , Yermolayeva O.A. , Belyayeva T.V.
Published: January 2022

В статье даны современные сведения о системной и местной терапии острых бактериальных и вирусных фарингитов у детей. Представлены антибактериальные средства, которые с высоким уровнем доказательности рекомендуются для лечения острых стрептококковых фарингитов. Приведена характеристика препарата Тантум Верде® как средства выбора для местной терапии острых фарингитов у детей.
Противокашлевая терапия при острых респираторных заболеваниях у детей
Authors: Vysochina I.L. , Petrenko L.L. , Dityatkovsky V.A. , Ivashina V.I. , Tokareva N.M.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены сведения об уровне эффективности основных групп лекарственных средств, применяемых в схемах лечения острых респираторных инфекций у детей. Отражена тенденция предпочтения выбора лекарственных средств растительного происхождения при лечении инфекционных заболеваний респираторного тракта, которые проявляются острым и подострым кашлем. Дана характеристика растительным препаратам Эвкабал® бальзам и Эвкабал® сироп от кашля.
Імунологічні основи вакцинації
Authors: Chernyshova L.I. , Volokha A.P. , Lapiy F.I.
Published: January 2022

Лекція «Імунологічні основи вакцинації» рекомендована для післядипломної освіти педіатрів та лікарів загальної практики.
Хронічний шкірно-слизовий кандидоз як первинний імунодефіцит у дітей
Authors: Chernyshova L.I. , Bondarenko A.V. , Volokha A.P. , Lapiy F.I. , Chernyshov V.P. , Marodi L.
Published: January 2022

Хронічний шкірно-слизовий кандидоз — генетично гетерогенна група захворювань, спричинених мутаціями генів STAT1, IL17RA, IL17F, CARD9, AIRE, STAT3, TYK2, IL12RB1 и IL12B. Хронічний шкірно-слизовий кандидоз може бути синдромом при первинних та вторинних імунодефіцитах і водночас самостійною нозологічною формою первинного імунодефіциту. Основними компонентами імунопатології хронічного шкірно-слизового кандидозу на сьогодні вважають дефекти імунітету, опосередкованого IL-17 та IL-22. У статті наведені два випадки хронічного шкірно-слизового кандидозу у дітей, обумовленого мутаціями гена STAT1.
Оцінка ефективності застосування місцевої терапії в комплексному лікуванні бактеріального тонзилофарингіту у дітей
Authors: Lezhenko G.O. , Pashkova O.Ye. , Gyria O.M.
Published: January 2022

У роботі наведені дані клініко-лабораторного дослідження 42 дітей з ознаками гострого бактеріального тонзилофарингіту. Проведена оцінка динаміки клінічної симптоматики захворювання та мікробіологічної картини ротоглотки залежно від схеми застосованої терапії. Доведено високу клінічну ефективність застосування бензидаміну гідрохлориду в комплексному лікуванні гострих бактеріальних тонзилофарингитів у дітей.
Можливості застосування левоцетиризину в терапії бронхітів та пневмоній у дітей з атопічними станами
Authors: Marushko Yu.V. , Shef G.G.
Published: January 2022

Стаття присвячена одній із глобальних проблем медицини всього світу — алергічним захворюванням. Антигістамінні препарати є базисними в терапії алергії різного генезу. Одним із представників конкурентних антагоністів гістаміну є левоцетиризин (L-цет) — активний стабільний R-енантіомер цетиризину. Наведені дані дослідження ефективності препарату левоцетиризину L-цет у терапії бронхітів та пневмоній у дітей з атопічним дерматитом.
Бронхолегенева дисплазія у недоношених новонароджених: патогенез, клініка, лікування та профілактика (частина 1)
Authors: Snysar V.I. , Obolonsky O.I. , Surkov D.M. , Kapustina O.G. , Volkov D.G.
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто сучасні погляди на патогенез, клініку, діагностику та лікування бронхолегеневої дисплазії. Особливу увагу приділяють впливу артеріальної протоки на виникнення й тяжкість бронхолегеневої дисплазії; механізмам гемодинамічних впливів відкритої артеріальної протоки на кровотік у передній мозковій артерії, судинах малого кола кровообігу, впливу відкритої протоки на розвиток набряку легень. Окремо розглянуті методи закриття відкритої артеріальної протоки. Відмічені переваги фармакологічного закриття протоки.
Роль асимметричного диметиларгинина в патогенезе артериальной гипертензии у детей
Authors: Kaladze N.N. , Yanina T.Yu. , Revenko N.A.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены данные исследования прогностической значимости асимметричного диметиларгинина у детей с первичной артериальной гипертензией. Под наблюдением находилось 114 детей с первичной артериальной гипертензией в возрасте от 12 до 17 лет. Установлена корреляционная связь между уровнем асимметричного диметиларгинина и длительностью заболевания, клинической формой артериальной гипертензии, показателями суточного мониторирования артериального давления.
Харчові дефіцити у дітей перших 3 років життя за даними мультицентрового дослідження в Україні
Authors: Nyankovsky S.L. , Shadrin O.G. , Klymenko V.A. , Dobriansky D.O. , Ivakhnenko O.S. , Yavorska M.O. , Platonova O.M. , Solodovnik G.L. , Zayets V.V.
Published: January 2022

Враховуючи те, що в Україні на сьогодні недостатньо досліджень, які б узагальнювали дані про стан харчування дітей раннього віку, поширеність порушень харчової поведінки та дефіциту основних макро- і мікронутрієнтів у дітей, було проведене мультицентрове дослідження харчування дітей від 9 місяців до 3 років життя. Встановлено, що сучасний харчовий раціон дітей раннього віку є незбалансованим, містить надлишок енергії і білків, недостатню кількість цинку, заліза, кальцію і вітамінів A, D, E, B6, B12, B1. У зв’язку з незбалансованим харчовим раціоном використання спеціальної дитячої молочної суміші замість немодифікованого коров’ячого молока в харчуванні дитини раннього віку може підвищити рівень споживання важливих нутрієнтів (кальцію, заліза, йоду, вітамінів E, D і фолатів).
Гіпертермія та призначення антипіретиків у педіатричній практиці
Authors: Marushko Yu.V. , Nagorna K.I.
Published: January 2022

У статті розглядається проблема гіпертермії в педіатричній практиці. Наведені особливості типів лихоманки, рекомендації щодо тактики лікаря, який надає допомогу дитині з лихоманкою, рекомендації щодо визначення категорії хворих, яким необхідно призначити антипіретик. Автори наводять дані доказової медицини щодо переваг застосування ібупрофену (Нурофен® для дітей) як гіпотермічної терапії у дітей із лихоманкою.
Особенности антибактериальной терапии респираторных инфекций у детей
Authors: Abaturov A.Ye. , Gerasimenko O.N.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлен алгоритм эмпирического выбора антибиотиков при лечении острых респираторных инфекций у детей в зависимости от особенностей их современной этиологической структуры и резистентности к антибиотикам. Показано, что амоксициллин по-прежнему остается препаратом первого ряда в педиатрической амбулаторной практике для лечения острых инфекций лор-органов, бактериального бронхита, внебольничных пневмоний, вызванных основными возбудителями (пневмококком, стрептококком, гемофильной палочкой). При выборе лекарственного препарата предпочтение следует отдавать диспергируемой форме амоксициллина Флемоксин Солютаб® (амоксициллин тригидрат), которая обладает высокой биодоступностью действующего вещества, сопоставимой с инъекционным введением (93 %), обеспечивая высокую эффективность терапии в более чем 90 % случаев, что гарантирует выздоровление пациента.
Дифференцированный подход к лечению кашля
Authors: Kramarev S.A.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются виды кашля, причины возникновения этого симптома, много внимания уделено вопросам лечения. Подчеркнуто, что в настоящее время при нетяжелом кашле ВОЗ рекомендует акцентировать внимание на немедикаментозном лечении. В то же время при наличии у ребенка непродуктивного навязчивого кашля, нарушающего самочувствие и качество жизни больного, необходимо назначать медикаментозную противокашлевую терапию.
Назофарингеальне носійство Streptococcus рneumoniae у вихованців будинків дитини: серотиповий репертуар та чутливість до антимікробних препаратів
Authors: Chernyshova L.I. , Gilfanova A.M. , Bondarenko A.V. , Yanovska V.V. , Glushkevych T.G.
Published: January 2022

Наведені результати першого в Україні дослідження частоти назофарингеального носійства пневмокока у здорових дітей до 5 років, які виховувались у будинках дитини. Показано, що серед дітей даної когорти спостерігалася практично тотальна колонізація носоглотки пневмококом (95,6 %). Домінували серотипи19F (54,8 %), 6A/B (22,5 %), 14 (4,8 %) і 23F (3,2 %). Відмічалась висока частота резистентності пневмокока до антимікробних препаратів.
Risk Factor for H.Pylori Infection in Children
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Gerasymenko O.N.
Published: January 2022

Background. The aim of this study was determine the prognostic value of medical, biological and socio-hygienic factors in the formation of H.pylori infection in children.Methods. 283 children aged 7 to 17 years with chronic gastroduodenal pathology in the acute stage were observed. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the presence of H.pylori. The main group included 224 (79.1 %) patients with H.pylori-positive status, control group included 59 (20.9 %) patients who had H.pylori-negative status.Results. Тhe article presents the basic medical and biological and socio-hygienic risk factors in the formation of H. pylori infection in children. With the help of mathematical program processed 145 parameters, including biomedical, social and health indicators of child development in the prenatal and postnatal periods, the clinical manifestations of chronic gastroduodenal pathology, which allowed identifying the main bio-medical and socio-hygienic risk factors of high significance (relative risk > 2.0). We have found out an association of genetic risk factors in the development of H.pylori infection in children in accordance with polymorphisms ASP299GLY of gene Toll-like receptor 4. We have determined the basic clinical and endoscopic features of chronic gastroduodenal pathology in children with H.pylori-positive status and their informational value.
Место полусинтетических пенициллинов и макролидов в антибактериальной терапии респираторных инфекций у детей
Authors: Abaturov A.Ye. , Gerasimenko O.N.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлен обзор рекомендаций по лечению респираторных инфекций Американского общества специалистов по детской инфекционной патологии и Американского общества инфекционных болезней (2011), Британского торакального общества (2013) и отечественных (Протокол предоставления медицинской помощи детям по специальности «Детская пульмонология», 2005). Рассмотрен алгоритм эмпирического выбора антибиотиков при лечении острых респираторных инфекций у детей в зависимости от этиологии и возраста. Показано, что амоксициллин по-прежнему остается стартовым препаратом в педиатрической амбулаторной практике для лечения острых бактериальных респираторных инфекций. Альтернативная терапия — пероральный амоксициллин/клавуланат; у детей с аллергией на амоксициллин — макролиды. Макролидные антибиотики (пероральные формы) следует назначать для лечения детей (прежде всего школьников и подростков) при острой респираторной инфекции, вызванной атипичными патогенами. При выборе лекарственного препарата предпочтение следует отдавать диспергируемым формам антибиотиков: Флемоксин Солютаб® (амоксициллина тригидрат), Флемоклав Солютаб® (амоксициллина тригидрат + клавулановая кислота), Вильпрафен® Солютаб (джозамицин)
Мастоцитоз у детей: обзор литературы и собственное клиническое наблюдение
Authors: Nagornaya N.V. , Bordyugova Ye.V. , Koval A.P. , Dubovaya A.V.
Published: January 2022

В обзоре литературы представлены данные о неопластическом заболевании — мастоцитозе. Изложены современные сведения об этиопатогенезе, классификации, клинических проявлениях, методах диагностики и лечения у детей. Представлен собственный опыт 20-месячного наблюдения пациентки с кожной формой мастоцитоза.
Особливості запального процесу у дітей раннього віку з різними формами гострих бронхітів
Authors: Abaturov A.Ye. , Rusakova Ye.A.
Published: January 2022

У статті показано особливості деяких молекулярних механізмів запального процесу у дітей раннього віку залежно від клінічної форми гострого бронхіту.
Досвід застосування препарату Біоспорин-Біофарма в корекції функціональних розладів шлунково-кишкового тракту в дітей грудного віку
Authors: Lezhenko G.O. , Pashkova O.Ye.
Published: January 2022

У роботі проведено дослідження ефективності застосування пробіотичного препарату Біоспорин-Біофарма в терапії кишкових кольок у дітей перших місяців життя. Доведено, що на фоні терапії препаратом Біоспорин-Біофарма в дітей відбувається зменшення клінічних проявів кишкових кольок та нормалізація мікробного пейзажу кишечника.
Раціональна фармакотерапія гострого вірусного тонзилофарингіту в дітей
Authors: Lezhenko H.O. , Pashkova O.Ye.
Published: January 2022

У роботі наведені дані про етіологію гострих тонзилофарингітів, диференційно-діагностичні критерії вірусних та бактеріальних тонзилофарингітів. Проведена оцінка динаміки клінічної симптоматики гострого тонзилофарингіту вірусної етіології при використанні препарату Тантум Верде® (бензидаміну гідрохлорид). Доведена висока ефективність та безпечність застосування бензидаміну гідрохлориду в дітей.
FORMULATION OPTIMIZATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN LOADED NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS
Authors: SHAH JINAL , PATEL SHOAIB , BHAIRY SRINIVAS , HIRLEKAR RAJASHREE
Published: January 2022

Objective: The present study was aimed at preparing stable lyophilized curcumin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). The optimized lyophilized curcumin loaded NLCs were characterized and evaluated for various quality control parameters. Methods: The optimized curcumin loaded NLCs were prepared by modified hot emulsification using precirol ATO 5 (PRE), capmul MCM C8 EP (CAP) as solid and liquid lipids, respectively. The combination of tween 80 (T80) and solutol HS 15 (SHS) were used as an emulsifier. The NLCs dispersion was lyophilized into powder form to improve the thermodynamic stability of the formulation. The lyophilized curcumin loaded NLCs were evaluated for particle size, size distribution, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE), drug loading, assay, in vitro drug release, crystallinity and surface morphology studies. Results: The optimized lyophilized curcumin loaded NLCs have a mean particle size of 286.2±11.5 nm with a size distribution of 0.288±0.011, a zeta potential of 0.247±0.025 mV with high entrapment of 98.20±1.53 % and drug loading of 2.50±0.21 %. The X-ray diffraction and endothermic peaks confirmed the maximum encapsulation of curcumin in lipid matrices. The particles were spherical with smooth surface morphology. In vitro release studies showed sustained release for up to 24 h. The cytotoxicity against human lung cancer line A-549 for curcumin-loaded NLCs was confirmed with positive control adriamycin (ADR). Conclusion: Curcumin-loaded NLCs prepared had a nanosize particle distribution with maximum entrapment efficiency. Dispersion stability was increased by the lyophilisation process. The solid lyophilized powder is reconstituted for oral delivery.
Food Literacy among Adolescents from public schools in Montes Claros, MG, Brazil, 2019/2020
Authors: Farias Paula Karoline Soares , Sales Marinilza Soares Mota , Barbosa Ana Carolina Mota , Filho Giovani Siervi Andrade , Leite Agda Silene , Oliveira Fabíola Belkiss Santos de , Eleutério Tatiane Palmeira , dos Reis Érika Cardoso , Monteiro Elma Lúcia de Freitas , Souto Cláudia de Andrade , Santos Aline Soares Figueiredo , Sampaio Helena Alves de Carvalho , Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate adolescents’ food literacy. Methods: The estimated samples were 496 and 497 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years old, according to the following parameters: universes 4458 and 4524 respectively; prevalence 50%; confidence level 95% (Z=1.96); sampling error 5%; non response rate 10%, and deff=1.4. By simple random drawing, public schools where there were adolescents of the recommended index ages were included. To assess food literacy, questions that addressed access to information, understanding, evaluation, and application of the information about food were considered. The data were collected by trained academics, who used software developed for this purpose. The descriptive analyses were made using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS, version 25.0. Results: 734 students participated, being 236 aged 12 and 498 aged 15, with response rates of 47.58% and 100%, respectively. It could be observed that, regarding the variable access, 9.3% (n=68) of the schoolchildren reported they had never had access to any information about proper nutrition. The main person / professional who had provided those teenagers with this information was the nurse (91.6% / n= 663), and the radio was the main means (90.2% / n=654). 80.0% of the respondents (n= 585) reported they had had access to the topic "Healthy and unhealthy eating". Most respondents reported difficulties in understanding, evaluation, and application of healthy eating information. Conclusion: Those teenagers’ food literacy was adequate in the access dimension, but there were difficulties in the understanding, evaluation and application of information dimensions. Thus, the need to perform health care in a broader way is confirmed, with interventions that provide effective food literacy for adolescents, culminating in better health outcomes.
Romualdo Alves de Oliveira: a trajetória de um republicano histórico nas lides do abolicionismo (1825-1895)
Authors: Germano Emanoel da Cunha
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo apresentar-se-á a trajetória de um republicano histórico pouco conhecido, mas que fez de sua carreira de publicista e advogado sem formação, umas das mais importantes atuações no movimento social republicanista e abolicionista no Recife, antes mesmo da formação do Partido Republicano em 1870. Atrelando seu ativismo político em defesa da instalação de um governo republicano federativo, se destaca pela luta que empreendeu em prol a abolição da escravidão, no Recife e Rio de Janeiro. Romualdo Alves de Oliveira, é um desses personagens históricos que nos surpreende tanto pelas redes de sociabilidades que procurou tecer, como pela mobilização antiescravista no qual era reconhecido por seus contemporâneos, seja do norte como no sudeste do Brasil oitocentista.
“A abolição da escravidão não significa a instauração da liberdade”: os abolicionistas britânicos e os africanos libertados do tráfico, 1840-1854.
Authors: Ré Henrique Antonio
Published: January 2022

O artigo explora como os abolicionistas da British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (BFASS) incentivaram o “esquema de imigração africana”, implantado a partir do início da década de 1840, para transferir os “africanos libertados” dos navios negreiros, capturados pelos cruzadores britânicos, para as colônias das Índias Ocidentais. Apesar do apoio ao esquema, os abolicionistas criticaram de forma sistemática e insistente todas as iniciativas das assembleias coloniais e do governo britânico para alterar as condições de trabalho desses imigrantes. Essa posição indica que a BFASS concedeu primazia aos aspectos humanitários dessa imigração frente aos interesses econômicos e políticos coloniais.
Professores e estudantes produzindo o conhecimento histórico - reflexões teóricas e práticas sobre a aula-oficina
Authors: Gevigier Jeferson José
Published: January 2022

No presente artigo, apresentamos reflexões resultantes de nossa pesquisa no âmbito do ProfHistória que fundamentam a importância do uso cotidiano de fontes históricas em sala de aula. Por isso, acreditamos necessária a reflexão teórico-metodológica sobre a prática do ensino de história a partir da estrutura da aula-oficina desenvolvida por Isabel Barca (2004) e o apontamento de possibilidades práticas deste modelo, evidenciando a associação entre pesquisa historiográfica e ensino de história. Nossas reflexões passam pelas diferentes etapas da aula-oficina, abordando tanto os aspectos teóricos de cada uma delas quanto possibilidades de trabalho prático em sala, sempre tendo em vista a autonomia acadêmica dos professores.
MRI-based radiomics and molecular classification of hepatocellular carcinoma — is there a correlation between them?
Authors: Stashkiv V. I. , Kalinin D. V. , Karmazanovsky G. G.
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant liver tumor, usually developing in the context of chronic liver disease, most commonly associated with hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) infection, alcohol use, or metabolic syndrome. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a very heterogeneous cancer, both at the histological and molecular level. According to recent scientific studies based on gene expression profiling, regardless of the nomenclature used by different authors, HCC can be divided into 2 main subgroups: the non-proliferative type and the proliferative type.Purpose. A review and analysis of the available foreign literature on the textural analysis of magnetic resonance imaging in noninvasive prediction of molecular classification and molecular structure of hepatocellular carcinoma.Material and methods. We searched for scientific publications and clinical guidelines in the PubMed information and analytical system for 2016–2021 using the keywords: «MRI», «radiomics», «texture analysis», «radiogenomics», «HCC», «proliferative», «nonproliferative», «molecular». After excluding studies devoted to technical aspects and the description of individual clinical observations, 16 articles were selected for analyzes.Results. The presented review has demonstrated the broad possibilities and prospects of the use of texture analysis of magnetic resonance imaging in the study of hepatocellular cancer, including the first results in the study of molecular characteristics (signatures) of this tumor. Correlation of textural characteristics with the expression of genes of immunotherapeutic targets CTLA-4 and PD-1 was shown, and a correlation was also shown between ring enhancement of a tumor in the arterial phase by MRI with gadoxetic acid (hepatospecific contrast agent) and proliferative HCC. Texture analysis scores were the predominant independent predictor of microvascular invasion, which was the main independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence.Conclusion. Although texture analysis in the study of HCC is an actively developing field, further study of the structure of this tumor at the molecular level is necessary to develop an personalized treatment, supplement or replace tumor biopsy, as well as to develop new prognostic biomarkers in patients with HCC.
GONÇALO MENDES RAMIRES E CELESTINO: MASCULINIDADE, VIOLÊNCIA E COLONIALISMO OU O QUE NÃO SE PODE ESQUECER
Authors: Denubila Rodrigo Valverde
Published: January 2022

Nesta reflexão, investigamos aspectos que nos permitem unir e distanciar Gonçalo Mendes Ramires e Celestino. O primeiro é personagem de A ilustre casa de Ramires, de Eça de Queiroz, escritor do Realismo português oitocentista; o segundo, de A visão das plantas, de Djaimilia Pereira de Almeida. Em relação ao texto contemporâneo, o cotejamento com a produção de Eça de Queiroz nos permite identificar traços qualificadores do século XIX. Por isso, adotamos como método a descrição o máximo possível pormenorizada de elementos constitutivos do oitocentos. Interseccionamos História europeia com História lusa para assim entendermos como elementos psicossociais característicos do século XIX se fazem presente nos seres ficcionais focalizados. À medida que relacionamos período histórico e psicossocial identificamos a dicotomia existente entre lembrar e esquecer de uma tradição cultural ocidental, de um passado alçado à categoria de mítico e de uma vivência. Em nosso percurso comparativo, nos valemos das reflexões de Hannah Arendt, de Eric Hobsbawn, de Hans Jonas, de Eduardo Lourenço, de Oliveira Martins, de György Lukács, de Oyèrónkẹ Oyěwùmí.
Faculty that Look Like Me: An Examination of Historically Black Colleges and Universities Accounting Faculty Motivation and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Smith Kecia Williams , Davis Malissa , Malone Charles , Owens-Jackson Lisa
Published: January 2022

Historically Black colleges and universities (“HBCU”) provide an academic environment that contributes to increased student success and social mobility. However, this environment introduces unique working conditions for faculty members. The existing academic literature does not provide evidence about the motivation and job satisfaction of HBCU accounting faculty. This study addresses that gap and provides survey evidence on this unique group's motivation and job satisfaction. We find that respondents are motivated by helping others but are not satisfied with institutional operations, research resources, and compensation. We also find that tenured faculty have lower job satisfaction than nontenured faculty. Demographically, we find that the respondents were older, were tenured, and have significant practitioner experience. Taken together, these findings identify opportunities for improvement in job satisfaction for HBCU accounting faculty.
Randomized Controlled Trial of the Hemodynamic Effects of Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at High Cardiovascular Risk: The SIMPLE Trial
Authors: Wolsk Emil , Jürgens Mikkel , Schou Morten , Ersbøll Mads , Hasbak Philip , Kjær Andreas , Zerahn Bo , Brandt Niels Høgh , Gæde Peter Haulund , Rossing Peter , Faber Jens , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Kistorp Caroline Michaela , Gustafsson Finn
Published: January 2022

Treatment with the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) empagliflozin significantly reduces cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the mechanisms behind the reduction in cardiovascular (CV) events are unknown. We investigated whether SGLT-2i treatment affected central hemodynamics during rest and exercise in 34 patients with diabetes in this investigator-initiated, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial. The primary end point was change in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) at a submaximal ergometer workload (25 W) after 13 weeks of SGLT-2i treatment (25 mg once daily) compared with placebo. Secondary end points included changes in resting hemodynamics. Baseline and follow-up hemodynamic assessments were performed at rest, submaximal exercise (25 W), and peak exercise using right heart catheterization. Treatment with empagliflozin for 13 weeks in patients with T2D at high CV risk did not reduce left heart filling pressure more than placebo at submaximal exercise. At rest, we observed that empagliflozin reduced PCWP at a magnitude of clinical significance.
Nutrition and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients: a practical approach for salt restriction
Authors: Iseki Kunitoshi
Published: January 2022

The clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for nutrition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) were updated after 20 years from the previous guidelines by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI). During this period, the severity of CKD was defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria by the organization Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes. Main risk factors for CKD such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus are closely related to lifestyle. Nutritional management is important to prevent and retard the progression of CKD. Members of the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) reviewed the KDOQI CPG draft. ISRNM is an international scientific society comprising members of multiple subspecialties. ISRNM proposed the medical term protein-energy wasting (PEW), which is a keyword in renal nutrition. The prevalence of PEW among dialysis patients is high. The success of dietary therapy depends on adherence to the diet. It has to be palatable, otherwise eating habits will not change. To prevent the development and progression of CKD and PEW, regular consultation with an expert dietitian is required, especially regarding salt and protein restriction. Our cluster-randomized trial showed that intervention by a dietician was effective at retarding the progression of stage 3 CKD. In this review, I focus on salt (sodium) restriction and introduce tips for salt restriction and Japanese kidney-friendly recipes. Due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, nutritional management of CKD inevitably relies on expert opinion. In this regard, well-designed observational studies are needed. Too strict salt restriction may decrease quality of life and result in PEW.
Antithrombin-III for New Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) Under Conditions of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (Clinical Observation)
Authors: Zhuravel S. V. , Vladimirov V. V. , Gavrilov P. V. , Ivanov I. V. , Petrikov S. S. , Popugayev K. A. , Talyzin A. M.
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 is a disease that, in addition to respiratory failure, leads to thrombosis and bleeding due to coagulation disorders. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), required in cases of a deterioration of gas exchange function of the lungs, contributes to changes in blood coagulation indicators, which leads to an increased risk of hemorrhagic complications and thrombosis. In the article, a clinical case of a severe course of COVID-19 is reported, which required ECMO. During the treatment, antithrombin-III was used, which allowed avoiding life-threatening complications and successfully completing the procedure.
Endovascular Methods of Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Spasm Due to Rupture of Cerebral Aneurysms: Pros and Cons
Authors: Prirodov A. V. , Bakharev E. Yu. , Kalinkin A. A.
Published: January 2022

This review highlights current approaches to endovascular therapy of cerebral angiospasm in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm (CA). The main clinical guidelines for the management of patients with CA rupture are highlighted, clinical studies on the use of balloon angioplasty, intra-arterial administration of various vasodilators are presented, the advantages and complications of using various techniques are described.
Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Kuzmina I. M. , Markhuliya D. S. , Popugayev K. A. , Kiselev K. V.
Published: January 2022

Cardiovascular diseases are currently the most common causes of death worldwide, and most deaths from cardiovascular diseases are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD as a whole is a serious problem for the world’s population, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with high morbidity, mortality and a great financial burden on the health care system. This is an urgent situation in which diagnostic and treatment measures must be performed as soon as possible from the moment of onset of the disease. Diagnosis of ACS begins with a thorough clinical assessment of the patient’s symptoms, electrocardiogram and blood troponin levels, as well as a history of the disease. Key components in the treatment of ACS include coronary revascularization when indicated and prompt initiation of adequate antiplatelet therapy. The presented literature review is devoted to the problems of adequate antiplatelet therapy in patients with ACS.
On the Question of the Norm of some Laboratory Indicators of Homeostasis in People over 60
Authors: Ilyashenko K. K. , Simonova A. Yu. , Belova M. V. , Klychnikova E. V. , Bitkova E. E. , Borovkov N. V.
Published: January 2022

Currently, there are no reference values for many laboratory indicators of homeostasis for gerontological patients, which complicates the objective interpretation of their disorders.

Aim of study. Based on a comparison of the reference values of some laboratory indicators of homeostasis of volunteers over 65 and people of working age, we offer their conditional norm for people of gerontological age.

Materials and methods. Studies of laboratory indicators of homeostasis were carried out in 25 volunteers aged 60 to 85 years. The comparison group consisted of 50 donors aged 18–59 years. Investigated indicators: lipid peroxidation and antioxidant blood system; factors of endogenous vascular regulation; apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes; blood rheology; endotoxemia, immunology. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the Statistica 10 software package (StatSoft, Inc., USA); when comparing the indicators, the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test (abnormal distribution) was used.

Results. In elderly and senile people, due to physiological aging, as well as the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors and concomitant diseases, there are significant differences in the reference values of some laboratory parameters from the parameters of the same name for people of working age.
Radiosurgical Treatment of a Patient With a Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation Located in a Functionally Significant Area
Authors: Tokarev A. S. , Chuvilin S. A. , Neznanova M. V. , Koinash G. V. , Matveyev P. D.
Published: January 2022

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain are quite rare vascular pathologies, but they are life-threatening, due to the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. Stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of patients with cerebral AVM is performed in cases where surgical removal is impossible or embolization with a stable occlusive effect cannot be performed. Currently, for the diagnosis of AVM, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used because of its noninvasiveness and minimal risks. When a malformation is located in a functionally significant area, then a non-invasive technique is used to assess its interposition and mapping - functional magnetic resonance imaging.

We have presented the experience of radiosurgical treatment of a 43-year-old male patient with a ruptured AVM located in the left temporal lobe, near Wernicke’s area. The patient underwent stereotactic radiosurgical treatment with Elekta Leksell Gamma Knife Perfection device, taking into account the location of the AVM in a functionally significant area, preoperative mapping was performed. After two years, according to MR angiography, the arterial component in the projection of the irradiated AVM was not visualized, which was confirmed by the data of cerebral angiography. Thus, a clinical example has demonstrated the high efficiency of MRI in the diagnosis and assessment of the results of the performed stereotactic radiosurgical treatment of AVMs.
An Inventory Model Considering All Unit Discount and Carbon Emissions
Authors: Kristiyani I.M. , Daryanto Y.
Published: January 2022

Consumer satisfaction is an important factor in the ongoing business process. Companies must be able to meet consumer demands and considers customers’ concerns on price. In a supplier and customer relationship, a given discount will affect the order size. Besides, in the current developing industry, environmental factors must be considered without disturbing the business. Recently, researchers and practitioners develop environmentally-friendly industries so that the environment will be well managed and not polluted. For example, carbon emissions can be managed by optimizing the production operation and product distribution. This paper presents a study on the relationship between discount on the economic order quantity model and the total carbon emissions. This research develops a procurement model by considering an all-unit discount system and carbon emission tax. The aim is to determine the optimal order that minimizes the total cost.
A Hybrid Control Chart-Taguchi Method for Control and Optimization of Safety Conformity
Authors: Martins S.A. , Oke S.A.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a hybrid control chart-Taguchi method (CCTM) is proposed to solve the control and optimization problem regarding safety conformity parameters for a bottling process plant (BPP). The CCTM fuses the conservative control charts, which monitor the safety conformity parameters to promote and maintain the uppermost grade of employees’ physical, social and mental well-being. The control chart result is placed in the Taguchi methodical phase of factor-level determination to cultivate an orthogonal array. Then, the inventive rational ability of the control chart is used to correct the process and hence, enhances the Taguchi method. Consequently, the CCTM can be intensely robust and statistically precise. The proposed CCTM was successfully used to solve the safety conformity problem involving the control and parametric optimization in a bottling process plant. The field data uncovers the ability of the proposed CCTM to control and optimize the bottling process plant parameters. Moreover, it showcases the results as better than an enormously stronger than the conventional Taguchi method.
Island Connections: Icelandic Spatiality in the Wake of Worldly Linkages
Authors: Bjarnason David
Published: January 2022

The notions and materiality of connections, through electronic networks as well as modes of mobility, play an ever-increasing role in how we define, understand, engage and experience the world we live in and the islands we live on. This article presents an account of Icelandic encounters with technologies of telecommunication and explores how electronic connections have participated in formulating a particularly connected, island spatiality. It is argued that an island can be regarded as a kind of connected laboratory suitable for studying how associations form around technologies of connections, which can be traced through various actors. For this purpose, the historical genealogy of connections and telecommunication in Iceland is analyzed, as well as more contemporary ideas and representations of mobile phone usage and network connectivity. It is maintained that connections have fundamentally altered the spatiality as well as representations of Iceland. While still an island in a geographical sense, and in that manner remote and isolated, the social space of the island now denies such connotations in many respects, valorizing the connectivity of Iceland and its people.
Линейная алгебра: теория и практикум
Authors: Ринчино А. Л.
Published: January 2022

Пособие состоит из 9 разделов, в которых изложены основы матричной алгебры, теории систем линейных уравнений, линейных пространств и линейных операторов, введение в комплексные числа и многочлены. Материал каждой темы соответствует содержанию лекционного занятия. Все темы снабжены соответствующими практикумами, материал которых, в свою очередь, соответствует практическим (семинарским) занятиям. Всего приведено более 400 задач. Предназначено для студентов бакалавриата и специалитета инженерно-технических направлений высших учебных заведений с расширенной математической подготовкой. Книга, несомненно, будет полезна студентам очных, заочных и вечерних форм обучения, преподавателям высших учебных заведений.
The Life and Work of Mary-Anne Plaatjies-Van Huffel in Church and Society with specific Reference to the Confession of Belhar
Authors: Van der Merwe Johan
Published: January 2022

The untimely death of Prof. Mary-Anne Plaatjies-Van Huffel challenges everybody who knew her to reflect on her life and work. One of the outstanding attributes of Plaatjies-Van Huffel was the way in which she “lived” the Confession of Belhar. To her it was much more than a theological document. It guided her life, was the lens through which she looked at church and society and, in the process, became personified in her life and work. This is the focus of the article. It starts off with a short overview of the life of Plaatjies-Van Huffel before it gives a short description of the importance of the Confession of Belhar. How the life of Plaatjies-Van Huffel and the Belhar Confession became inseparable is then described through the three critical areas which are addressed by the Confession, namely unity, social justice and reconciliation. Examples of her leadership in the reunification process between the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC) and the Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (URCSA), and press statements on social justice and reconciliation are then used to illustrate how the Confession was embodied by Mary-Anne Plaatjies-Van Huffel.
“Here I Stand!” Mary-Anne Elizabeth Plaatjies-Van Huffel on Blackness as Key to the Ministry of SA’s Victims of Oppression
Authors: Masuku Tobias
Published: January 2022

South Africa has many victims of oppression who are materially poor. They are living in poor and unhealthy conditions, unemployed and suffering from poor government service delivery as a result of corruption. They are, therefore, angry and need relevant ministry that could address their conditions. Most of them happen to be classified as “black” and they are predominantly Christians belonging to churches. Mary-Anne Elizabeth Plaatjies-Van Huffel was a black minister in a black church that is predominantly composed of the victims of oppression. Should those who are not “black” be included or excluded in the provision of ministry to the victims of oppression? Will their ministry be relevant to the plight of these victims? What, then, is the qualification for a meaningful and transformative ministry to the victims of oppression? What is the meaning and role of “blackness” as key/qualification for relevant ministry praxis towards the victims of oppression? Plaatjies-Van Huffel left a legacy for the church, which provides a suitable leadership and response to these questions. Therefore, this article seeks to interrogate her theology of “blackness” to determine whether it excludes or includes other servants of God from ministry to these victims of oppression. In order to reach this goal, we will engage with great thinkers as her interlocutors within the scope of black theology, liberation theology, feminist theology, and African theology. The term, “blackness” will also be explored and interrogated in light of the context of this article.
Recognition Discourse and Systemic Gender Injustice: An Essay in Honour of Mary-Anne Plaatjies-Van Huffel
Authors: Vosloo Robert
Published: January 2022

Against the backdrop of the South African Reformed ecclesiologist Mary-Anne Plaatjies-Van Huffel’s reflections on gender insensitivity in church and society, this article engages with the notion of recognition, a concept that has found strong currency in many contemporary discourses. The first part of the article mentions the promise of recognition as a moral, political, and also theological category. In addition, it also interrogates the term in conversation with theorists who raise some critical concerns regarding accounts of recognition that are not adequately justice-sensitive. The second part of the article enters more directly into conversation with some of the writings of Plaatjies-Van Huffel, highlighting in the process her emphasis that the recognition of women should not be dislocated from a plea for a change in the dynamics of patriarchal power and structural gender injustice. The article concludes with a call to move beyond what is termed “cheap recognition.”