bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Provide Insights into the Effects of Low and High Selenium on Methionine and Starch Metabolism in Rice Seedlings
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhang Jiarui , Sun Lijuan , Qin Qin , Yang Shiyan , Wang Jun , Sun Yafei , Xue Yong
Published: February 2025

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for the human body and is closely linked to health. Rice (Oryza sativa L.), as a major staple food globally, is the primary source of Se intake for humans. To better achieve Se biofortification in rice, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms behind rice’s response to different Se concentrations. This study investigates the morphological and transcriptomic responses of rice seedlings to low (1 µM, LSe) and high (10 µM, HSe) Se concentrations compared to a control (CK). Morphological analyses revealed that LSe promoted growth, enhancing shoot and root length and biomass, whereas HSe treatment inhibited these parameters, indicating Se’s dual role in rice growth. Notably, the most significant promotion of rice growth was observed at the Se concentration of 1 µM. The organic Se content and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD and CAT) in rice seedlings also reached their maximum values simultaneously. Total RNA was extracted for transcriptome sequencing, and differential gene expression analysis was conducted using DESeq2. Transcriptomic sequencing highlighted distinct responses under LSe and HSe conditions. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed significant involvement in processes related to oxidoreductase activity and cellular structures. KEGG pathway analysis emphasized that Se treatments notably enhanced the glutathione metabolism pathway, which is crucial for antioxidant defense. Additionally, significant changes were observed in starch and sucrose metabolism and cysteine (Cys) and methionine (Met) metabolism pathways, showing upregulation under LSe treatment and downregulation under HSe. Six key genes were validated using qRT-PCR, confirming their differential expression under varied Se treatments. The Cys, Met and starch content assays as well as qRT-PCR data demonstrated that LSe promoted the synthesis and accumulation of Cys, Met and starch, supporting enhanced growth and antioxidant capacity. Conversely, HSe inhibited the synthesis and accumulation of Cys, Met and starch in rice seedlings, and these data were also consistent with the physiological phenotype. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms by which rice seedlings adapt to varying Se levels, with implications for Se biofortification and stress management strategies in crops.
Effect of Vitamin E on Diabetic Nephropathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Segura Cobos David , Díaz Salgado Esperanza Enedina , Amato Dante , Cardoso García Sinaí Ernesto , Villamar Duque Tomás Ernesto , Antúnez Anayantzin Paulina Heredia , del Valle Mondragón Leonardo , Magos Guerrero Gil Alfonso , Guzmán Hernández Elizabeth Alejandrina
Published: February 2025

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of DN. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of vitamin E on diabetic nephropathy. A control group and three groups of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (untreated diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with vitamin E 250 and 500 mg/kg) were studied. After 4 weeks of treatment, the kidneys were removed under anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital. The kidneys were weighed, the AT1 and AT2 receptor expression was measured by Western blot, and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were determined in the renal cortex. Rats with diabetes mellitus had hyperglycemia, increased food and water consumption, and higher urinary volume than control rats. In diabetic rats (DM), kidney hypertrophy was observed and measured by kidney weight, protein/DNA ratio in the renal cortex, and proximal tubular cell area; proteinuria and reduced creatinine clearance were observed. AT1 and AT2 receptor expression in the kidney cortex of DM rats increased significantly compared to normoglycemic rats; antioxidant enzyme activities were decreased; treatment with vitamin E reversed kidney hypertrophy and reduced proteinuria; reduction in expression of AT1 and AT2 receptors was associated with increased antioxidant activity. Thus, treatment with vitamin E slows the progress of DN.
Unlocking the Role of Treg Cells Immune Response and Infectious Risk Following CAR T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Dicharry Destyn , Malek Alexandre E.
Published: February 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has brought hope for patients with cancer and showed promising results and a high cure rate in various types of hematological malignancies. However, cellular therapy can lead to profound immunodeficiency of the innate and adaptive immune systems, whether at the systemic or at the local cellular immune response, which is a major predisposing risk factor for invasive opportunistic infection, including fungal, viral, and bacterial pathogens. The role of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and their antigen specificity in humans remains largely unknown, but Tregs have been implicated in a wide range of modulating viral and fungal infections. Though there have been many advancements regarding the use of CAR T-cells in treating hematological malignancies, the intricate and homeostatic role of Tregs in influencing therapeutic outcomes and infection risk remains underexplored. Most published literature on this topic focuses on the role of Treg in the immunosuppression necessary for successful CAR T-cell therapy rather than the dual function of Treg in immunosuppression and immune recovery. We intend to bridge this gap with a specific focus on the contribution of Tregs in the modulation of CAR T-cell efficacy and their role in opportunistic infections after therapy. In this review, we described the potential role and dynamics of Tregs following CAR T-cell therapy, offering an expanded understanding of their impact on patient outcomes and highlighting areas for future research.
Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes of 2,6-Bis[(N-Methylpiperazine-1-yl)methyl]-4-Formyl Phenol Ligand: Promising Biomimetic Catalysts for Dye Residue Degradation and Drug Synthesis
Authors: Bártová Michaela , Liška Alan , Studená Vendula , Vojtíšek Pavel , Kašpar Michal , Mikysek Tomáš , Česlová Lenka , Švancara Ivan , Sýs Milan
Published: February 2025

In this study, three dinuclear copper(II) complexes of ligand 2,6-bis[(N-methyl-piperazine-1-yl)methyl]-4-formyl phenol (L1) and one of 2,6-bis[(N-methylpiperazine-1-yl)methyl]-4-formyl phenol dimethylacetal (L2) with copper(II) ions have been investigated as new types of biomimetic catalysts for the oxidative transformation of different aminophenols and phenyldiamines. All the complexes of interest were newly synthesized and further characterized by IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis and mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and selected electrochemical measurements. Crystal structures of these dinuclear copper(II) complexes have revealed that the coordination-shell geometry of copper atoms is close to a tetragonal pyramid. Catecholase, phenoxazinone synthase, and horseradish peroxidase-like activities were observed in pure methanol and water–methanol mixtures in the presence of molecular oxygen. The potential applicability of the complexes under study is discussed with respect to their possibilities and limitations in the replacement of natural copper-containing oxidoreductases in the oxidative degradation of water-insoluble chlorinated aminophenols in the dye industry or in the production of phenoxazine-based drugs.
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response and Its Prominent Suppression by Paspalum thunbergii Extract
Authors: Ha Bin , Kang Ji-Hye , Kim Do Hyun , Lee Mi-Young
Published: February 2025

The extract of Paspalum thunbergii, a native perennial herb in Korea belonging to the rice family, was investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity and the underlying mechanisms driving its effects. Fifteen chemical components of the P. thunbergii extract, including rosmarinic acid and isoquercitrin, were identified using LC-MS. The extract showed antioxidative activity through DPPH and ABTS cation radical scavenging activity. The P. thunbergii extract significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The extract inhibited the expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS and COX-2, which are inflammation-related enzymes. To explore the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism, the expression levels of signal proteins related to MAPK, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling were measured. As a result, the P. thunbergii extract inhibited the expression of p-p38, and p-JNK increased by LPS in RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, it decreased the expression of LPS-induced p-IKKβ and p-NF-κB p65 and prevented the migration of p-NF-κB into the nucleus caused by LPS. Notably, p-JAK1, p-STAT3, Wnt 3α, β-catenin, and p-GSK-3β protein expressions were also inhibited. Therefore, the prominent anti-inflammatory activity of the P. thunbergii extract may be via the MAPK, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.
Parenteral Nutrition-Induced Liver Function Complications: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis
Authors: Park Jae Woo , Maeng Sun Ah , Kim Sang Gyune , Kim Young Seok , Yoo Jeong-Ju
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease (PNALD) is a significant complication in patients undergoing parenteral nutrition (PN). This study aims to explore the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes associated with PNALD, including abnormal liver function tests, in patients receiving parenteral nutrition, even in short-term PN recipients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 500 patients receiving PN for at least 3 days at a tertiary medical center was conducted. Liver enzyme levels were monitored for 28 days, and PN duration, comorbidities, and metabolic factors were analyzed to identify independent risk factors of abnormal liver function tests and PNALD. Results: This study reported a 24.4% incidence of abnormal liver function tests and an 8.2% incidence of PNALD. Risk factors for abnormal liver function tests included liver disease (OR 2.064, 95% CI 1.224–3.479), infection (OR 1.654, 95% CI 1.075–2.546), PN duration (OR 1.035, 95% CI 1.014–1.056), and PN calories (OR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000–1.002). Significant PNALD risk factors comprised liver disease (OR 3.623, 95% CI 1.670–7.858), lung disease (OR 3.648, 95% CI 1.615–8.240), recent surgery (OR 3.719, 95% CI 1.645–8.407), PN duration (OR 1.041, 95% CI 1.016–1.068), total cholesterol (OR 1.005, 95% CI 1.000–1.010), and HDL-cholesterol (OR 1.012, 95% CI 1.001–1.023). The majority of PNALD cases (85.3%) showed improvement with PN modification or cessation. Conclusions: This study underscores that abnormal liver function tests and PNALD risks can emerge with short-term PN use. Identifying and addressing patient-specific risk factors is vital for predicting and preventing PNALD onset.
Changes in the Expression Profile of Growth-Associated Protein 43 in Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis
Authors: Sobański Dawid , Sobańska Małgorzata , Staszkiewicz Rafał , Strojny Damian , Grabarek Beniamin Oskar
Published: February 2025

Background: Degenerative spinal stenosis is a common condition associated with structural degeneration and pain, yet its molecular underpinnings remain incompletely understood. Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43), a key player in neuronal plasticity and regeneration, may serve as a biomarker for disease progression and pain severity. This study investigates the expression of GAP-43 at the mRNA and protein levels in the ligamentum flavum of affected patients. Methods: Samples were collected from 96 patients with degenerative spinal stenosis and 85 controls. GAP-43 mRNA expression was analyzed using reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), while protein levels were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Pain severity was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS), and associations with lifestyle factors were analyzed. Results: GAP-43 mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in the study group compared to the controls (fold change = 0.58 ± 0.12, p < 0.05), with an inverse correlation to VAS pain severity (fold change = 0.76 at VAS 4 vs. 0.36 at VAS 10). Conversely, GAP-43 protein levels were markedly elevated in the study group (5.57 ± 0.21 ng/mL) when compared to controls (0.54 ± 0.87 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). Protein levels were also correlated with lifestyle factors, including smoking and alcohol consumption (p < 0.05). Conclusions: GAP-43 shows potential as a biomarker for pain severity and disease progression in degenerative spinal stenosis, in a manner influenced by lifestyle factors. Further research is needed to explore its diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
The Burden of Diabetic Foot Ulcers on Hospital Admissions and Costs in Romania
Authors: Rusu Adriana , Roman Gabriela , Stancu Bogdan , Bala Cornelia
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Diabetic foot ulcers represent an important economic burden for healthcare systems worldwide. We aimed to analyze the costs of care for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) associated with peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and their trends in a tertiary-care hospital. Methods: We used data from the electronic system of the Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We included all episodes of hospitalization with a discharge date between 1 January 2015 and the 31 December 2018 and a discharge diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes, DPN, PAD, and foot ulcers. Results: During the analyzed period, 1094 episodes of hospitalization with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and DFUs were recorded. Of these, 25.9% had neuropathic, 47.1% ischemic, and 16.6% neuroischemic DFUs. The median length of hospital stay was 8.0 days, and the median cost per episode of hospitalization was 810.8 EUR, with no significant variations during the analyzed years. The cost per episode of hospitalization was higher in cases with ischemic DFUs than for other etiologies of foot ulcers for 2015–2017 (p < 0.001). In 2018, the costs for ischemic and neuroischemic DFUs were similar and significantly higher compared to neuropathic ones. Predictors of higher costs per episode of hospitalization included the etiology of the DFUs (β = 0.032, p = 0.034) and the length of hospital stay (β = 0.860, p < 0.001). Conclusions: By analyzing data from a tertiary care hospital, we showed higher costs for the care of persons with ischemic DFU.
Phenotypic Ultra-Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing for Ceftazidime–Avibactam: In Support of Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Martins-Oliveira Inês , Pérez-Viso Blanca , Gomes Rosário , Abreu David , Silva-Dias Ana , Cantón Rafael , Pina-Vaz Cidália
Published: February 2025

Ceftazidime–avibactam (CZA) is a potent broad-spectrum drug combination covering extended-spectrum β-lactamases, AmpC, and carbapenemases of class A and D, OXA-48-type producers. Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing is crucial for the timely de-escalation/escalation of therapy. We evaluate CZA susceptibility using the CE-IVD FASTgramneg kit (FASTinov®), a ground-breaking 2 h assay, based on flow cytometry technology for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The assay involved rapid bacterial extraction and purification from positive blood cultures (PBCs), followed by a 1 h 37 °C incubation and flow cytometry analysis (Cytoflex, Beckman-Coulter). The susceptibility report was generated using a proprietary software and interpreted using EUCAST and CLSI 2024 criteria. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated against a reference standardized method (disk diffusion) according to ISO20776-2:2021. Overall, 135 Enterobacterales and 73 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were studied. Thirty-four isolates were resistant to CZA, including six P. aeruginosa and 28 Enterobacterales (24 metallo-beta-lactamase producers, three KPC variants, and one co-producing KPC+NDM). Sensitivity and specificity reached 100% when using EUCAST and CLSI criteria compared with the reference method. The FASTinov ultra-rapid susceptibility assay for CZA demonstrated excellent results, potentially enabling de-escalation/escalation even before the second dose. Combining the speed of a molecular assay with the comprehensive information of a phenotypic test offers valuable insights for treatment decisions.
Theoretical Modeling of the Structure Formation in Adsorbed Overlayers Comprising Molecular Building Blocks with Different Symmetries
Authors: Szabelski Paweł
Published: February 2025

Controlling the geometry and functionality of multi-component self-assembled superstructures on surfaces is a complex task that requires numerous experimental tests. In this contribution, we demonstrate how computer modeling can be utilized to preselect functional tectons capable of forming low-dimensional architectures with tailored features. To this end, coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulations were conducted for a mixture of tripod and tetrapod units, each equipped with discrete centers for short-range directional interactions, and adsorbed onto a (111) crystalline substrate. The calculations conducted for various isomers of the tetrapod molecule revealed qualitatively distinct self-assembly scenarios, including mixing and segregation, depending on the directionality of interactions assigned to this tecton. The resulting superstructures were classified, and their formation was monitored using temperature-dependent metrics, such as coordination functions. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the on-surface self-assembly of molecules with differing symmetries and can aid in the design of bicomponent overlayers for specific applications.
Coarse-Grained Monte Carlo Simulations of Graphene-Enhanced Geopolymer Nanocomposite Nucleation
Authors: Izadifar Mohammadreza , Ukrainczyk Neven , Koenders Eduardus
Published: February 2025

Geopolymer nanocomposites, incorporating pristine graphene-based nanomaterials, are at the forefront of research in advanced construction materials, improving mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. This study investigates the nucleation mechanisms of geopolymers on pristine graphene substrates, namely graphene-reinforced geopolymer nanocomposites (GRGNs), by analyzing nanostructure particle sizes, pore size distributions, cluster sizes, and system energy at a pH of 11, compared to a system without graphene nanosheets. Seven distinct monomer species were selected to observe cluster evolution over numerous iterations, providing insights into the dynamic nature of geopolymer nucleation on graphene-based substrates. Thus, the computed adsorption energies, based on recent DFT studies, reveal interactions between aluminosilicate species and graphene nanomaterials. Furthermore, the implementation of energy values from dimerization reactions among monomer species, as reported earlier, introduces tetrahedral geometrical constraints, crucial for understanding how particles aggregate into clusters. The key findings indicated that (4.34%) fewer particles participate in cluster formation in the system containing a graphene nanosheet compared to the one without it. However, the system with the graphene nanosheet exhibits (1.65%) more favorable energy. This contrast is due to the weaker adsorption energy on the graphene nanosheet (heterogenous nucleation) than in homogenous particle nucleation. The complete dissolution of MK required (4.54%) more iterations in the system with graphene than in the system without it. This research underscores the significant potential of geopolymer nanocomposites and their role in shaping the future of construction materials.
Birds from Chalcolithic Settlements in the Plains of Bulgaria
Authors: Boev Zlatozar N.
Published: February 2025

A first attempt has been made to present a general composition of birds found in Chalcolithic settlements in the plains and lowlands of Bulgaria. Based on data from 21 settlements, 78 bird taxa (including 3 domestic forms) have been identified. Of these, 56 species have been identified to the species level. They constitute 13.4% (almost 1/7) of the 417 recorded bird species in the country. Aquatic birds (waterfowl, grebes, loons, herons, etc.) predominate (29 species). There are 12 species inhabiting woodland landscapes. Ten species are field/openland birds, and five are petrophilous species that inhabit rocky and stony habitats. Five species have disappeared as nesting in the country—bearded vulture, great bustard, common crane, colchic pheasant (native colchicus ssp.), and black grouse. These five species constitute 8.9% of the established composition of birds in the Chalcolithic settlements in the country. One extinct subspecies of the Eurasian coot has been described from one of these settlements.
Water Quality Monitoring Using Landsat 8 OLI in Pleasant Bay, Massachusetts, USA
Authors: Synan Haley E. , Howes Brian L. , Sampieri Sara , Lohrenz Steven E.
Published: February 2025

Water quality monitoring is essential to assess and manage anthropogenic eutrophication, especially for coastal estuaries in heavily populated areas. Current monitoring techniques rely on in situ sampling, which can be expensive and limited in spatial and temporal coverage. Satellite remote sensing, using the Landsat 8 (Operational Land Imager, OLI) platform, has the potential to provide more extensive coverage than traditional methods. Coastal waters are optically more complex and often shallower and more enclosed than the open ocean, presenting conditions that pose challenges to remote sensing approaches. Here, we compared in situ data from 18 stations around Pleasant Bay, Massachusetts, USA from the years 2014–2021 to contemporaneous observations with Landsat 8 OLI. Satellite-derived estimates of chlorophyll-a and Secchi depth were acquired using various algorithms including the “Case-2 Regional/Coast Color” (C2RCC), “Case-2 Extreme” (C2X), l2gen processor, and a random forest machine learning algorithm. Based on our results, predictions of water quality indices from both C2RCC and random forest techniques can be a useful addition to existing water quality monitoring efforts, potentially expanding both spatial and temporal coverage of monitoring efforts.
Active RFID Wake-Up Receiver Subsystem for Freight Wagon Localization Devices
Authors: Krzak Łukasz , Worek Cezary
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the concept, design, and performance analysis of an active radio wake-up and radio identification subsystem as part of an advanced localization device intended to operate within a large-scale freight wagon localization system. The system provides an efficient and cost-effective way to localize freight carriages, which, in the majority of cases, are currently not tracked. The localization device is battery-powered and uses an ultra-low-power radio interface for detecting wake-on-radio signals from nearby operator devices. The same interface is also used for communication within an ad-hoc wireless mesh network, which allows the localization devices to select the best device to send out localization information from the whole cluster through a cellular connection in order to minimize overall battery energy usage. The article presents the overall system architecture construction of the radio interface, including the wake-up subsystem, as well as the results of performance measurements.
An Autoregressive-Based Motor Current Signature Analysis Approach for Fault Diagnosis of Electric Motor-Driven Mechanisms
Authors: Diversi Roberto , Lenzi Alice , Speciale Nicolò , Barbieri Matteo
Published: February 2025

Maintenance strategies such as condition-based maintenance and predictive maintenance of machines have gained importance in industrial automation firms as key concepts in Industry 4.0. As a result, online condition monitoring of electromechanical systems has become a crucial task in many industrial applications. Motor current signature analysis (MCSA) is an interesting noninvasive alternative to vibration analysis for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of mechanical systems driven by electric motors. The MCSA approach is based on the premise that faults in the mechanical load driven by the motor manifest as changes in the motor’s current behavior. This paper presents a novel data-driven, MCSA-based CM approach that exploits autoregressive (AR) spectral estimation. A multiresolution analysis of the raw motor currents is first performed using the discrete wavelet transform with Daubechies filters, enabling the separation of noise, disturbances, and variable torque effects from the current signals. AR spectral estimation is then applied to selected wavelet details to extract relevant features for fault diagnosis. In particular, a reference AR power spectral density (PSD) is estimated using data collected under healthy conditions. The AR PSD is then continuously or periodically updated with new data frames and compared to the reference PSD through the Symmetric Itakura–Saito spectral distance (SISSD). The SISSD, which serves as the health indicator, has proven capable of detecting fault occurrences through changes in the AR spectrum. The proposed procedure is tested on real data from two different scenarios: (i) an experimental in-house setup where data are collected during the execution of electric cam motion tasks (imbalance faults are emulated); (ii) the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology testbed, whose data set is publicly available (bearing faults are considered). The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in both fault detection and isolation. In particular, the proposed health indicator exhibits strong detection capabilities, as its values under fault conditions exceed those under healthy conditions by one order of magnitude.
A Review of Hydrogel Application in Wastewater Purification
Authors: Alsaka Lilyan , Alsaka Lina , Altaee Ali , Zaidi Syed Javaid , Zhou John , Kazwini Tayma
Published: February 2025

Hydrogels have garnered considerable interest in water purification owing to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics, including high porosity, modifiable surface chemistry, and superior water retention capacity. This paper provides a thorough examination of the use of hydrogels in wastewater treatment. It encompasses their categorization and separation procedures, including size exclusion, adsorption, electrostatic interactions, and non-sieving processes. Furthermore, it examines how functional groups improve the efficiency of pollutant removal. The review examines hydrogel composites and their filtering processes, measuring their efficacy in adsorption and evaluating the benefits and limits of hydrogels, especially regarding regeneration capacities. It explores hydration processes in hydrogels, emphasizing the fundamental mechanisms and measuring methods involved. Future research must prioritize optimizing hydrogel design to enhance mechanical strength and reusability, investigate innovative functionalization techniques to address emergent contaminants, and establish scalable manufacturing methods for extensive industrial use.
Dynamic Evolution and Trend Forecasting of New Quality Productive Forces Development Levels in Chinese Urban Agglomerations
Authors: Shi Yufang , Wang Xin , Zhang Tianlun
Published: February 2025

New quality productive forces serve as a catalyst for high-quality development and act as a critical driver of Chinese-style modernization. This study evaluated the degree of new quality productive force in China’s five major urban agglomerations between 2013 and 2022 using the entropy approach. Additionally, it utilized kernel density estimation, the Dagum Gini coefficient, and Markov chain analysis to explore the spatial and temporal dynamics of these forces and their evolutionary trends. The findings revealed the following: (1) Overall, the new quality productive forces in China’s five major urban agglomerations have exhibited a steady upward trend, although the overall level remains relatively low. Among these regions, the Pearl River Delta ranks the highest, followed by the Yangtze River Delta, Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, Chengdu–Chongqing, and the Urban Cluster in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River. Nevertheless, significant potential for improvement persists. (2) The traditional Markov probability transfer matrix suggests that the new quality productive forces in these urban agglomerations are relatively stable, with evidence of “club convergence”. Meanwhile, the spatial Markov transfer probability matrix indicates that transfer probabilities are influenced by neighborhood contexts. (3) Over time, the new quality productive forces in Chinese urban agglomerations show a tendency to concentrate at higher levels, reflecting gradual improvement. The developmental state and evolutionary patterns of new quality productive forces in Chinese urban agglomerations are thoroughly evaluated in this paper, along with advice for accelerating their growth to promote Chinese-style modernization.
Feeding Behaviour in Group-Housed Growing-Finishing Pigs and Its Relationship with Growth and Feed Efficiency
Authors: Piles Miriam , Tusell Llibertat , Mora Mónica , Garcia-Baccino Carolina , Cudrey Denis , Hassenfratz Claire , Mercat Marie-José , David Ingrid
Published: February 2025

Feed consumption and feeding patterns influence the individual feed efficiency in group-housed livestock species. Using the meal as the unit of feeding behaviour, the main objectives of this research were to identify feeding behaviour (FB) traits that may indicate an individual’s rank within the social hierarchy or its level of dominance among pen mates and to assess the relationship between growth and feed efficiency with the identified traits, as well as those describing individual feed consumption patterns. Data from 5516 pigs during the fattening period were used. Pens were equipped with an automatic concentrate feeder that recorded individual feed intake, time spent at the feeder, and body weight at each visit. A meal criterion was established. Then, different FB traits were computed: number of meals, number of visits to complete a meal, occupation time to complete a meal, time between first and last visit within a meal, feeding rate, feeding rate to complete a meal, and interval between meals. Social ranking (SR) traits were also calculated: position/order in which each animal accessed the feeder, ratio of visits to the feeder during preferred times, distribution among the cage mates of the total daily feed, number of visits, number of meals, and occupation time. Pigs that eat more and faster tend to have a poorer feed efficiency and higher final weight. Animals that eat more, more times, and occupy the feeder longer, eat mainly in the preferred period. They could be considered dominant, while others have to adapt their feeding schedules to off-peak times.
Reutilização e reinterpretação do clássico no protesto social
Authors: Matus Carolina Valenzuela
Published: February 2025

Em 18 de outubro de 2019, começaram manifestações sociais massivas no Chile que duraram até março de 2020. Durante esses meses ocorreram protestos, motins e uma intervenção radical no espaço público nas principais cidades do país. Durante a revolta social, as influências clássicas greco-latinas da cidade foram questionadas como referências ocidentais e associadas ao domínio das elites. No entanto, os manifestantes da revolta social chilena apropriaram-se de referências artísticas ocidentais, criando murais com estes temas — a liberdade guiando o povo, a Nice, o gênio da liberdade, querubins ou animais alados míticos — intervieram com mensagens de reivindicação social, enquanto as estátuas de inspiração greco-romana foram vandalizadas ou sofreram intervenções. Ao mesmo tempo, foram identificadas formas de recepção clássica na apropriação de um pertencimento coletivo que conectava os manifestantes aos antigos heróis do povo Mapuche, a partir de histórias épicas construídas a partir de referências clássicas, mas assimiladas como símbolos da resistência popular na atualidade. Desta forma, a antiguidade clássica passa a fazer parte das identidades complexas que emergem do discurso social de reivindicações em contexto de crise, revelando uma pluralidade de interpretações no discurso político e na arte urbana.
Gesta apud Zenophilum: Autos de um processo judicial preservados em uma coletânea sobre as origens da controvérsia donatista (Século IV d.C)
Authors: Oliveira Julio Cesar Magalhães de
Published: February 2025

O objetivo desta publicação é apresentar (pela primeira vez em língua portuguesa) uma tradução comentada dos Gesta apud Zenophilum, autos de um processo julgado pelo governador da Numídia Domício Zenófilo, em 320, e transmitido como parte de um dossiê antidonatista no apêndice do tratado de Optato de Mileve contra o bispo donatista Parmeniano. Os autos desse processo são um dos documentos mais importantes de que dispomos para a compreensão dos primeiros tempos do cisma que dividiu a Igreja na África do Norte nos séculos IV e V entre donatistas e cecilianistas, mas possuem também um enorme interesse histórico pelas luzes que lançam sobre questões tão diversas quanto a evolução da língua falada e a história do Direito, o desenvolvimento das instituições públicas e as condições materiais da implantação das comunidades cristãs nos primeiros anos do século IV. Esta edição crítica propõe uma leitura do texto latino com aparato crítico, seguida de uma tradução com notas explicativas de caráter tanto filológico, quanto histórico. Ela é também precedida de uma introdução que visa apresentar aos leitores o contexto que levou à produção da coletânea antidonatista, a natureza do processo julgado pelo governador Zenófilo, as características e contribuições dos Gesta e as escolhas do tradutor.
THE DEATH OF A DOCTOR: MORTUARY PRACTICES IN KYIV CITY PRESS AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   Boris Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University, Hedo А. , Miliutin M. ,   Boris Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University
Published: February 2025

This article highlights that attitude toward death and the deceased demonstratng moral norms and a fundamental factor reflecting views of any society. Death and burial represent a crisis situation, primarily for the family unit and other social groups associated with the deceased (local, professional, etc.). In this context, the informational potential of Kyiv’s periodicals from the late 19th century (especially the “Kievlyanin” newspaper) is analyzed as a source for reconstructing mourning practices—an integral part of urban daily life—and how the citizens of Kyiv perceived the deaths of doctors, medical professionals, and active public figures such as M. Stukovenkov, Ye. Afanasiev, and I. Cheshykhin in 1897.
The study's methodological foundation includes both general scientific and historical methods, as well as press analysis techniques, such as content analysis and genre analysis. These methods helped identify different types of mourning notices, track the frequency of their publication, and distinguish common lexical clichés. The research demonstrates that mourning practices for renowned medical professionals were complex sociocultural phenomena, reflecting broader trends in urban mourning culture as well as specific characteristics within the medical community.
Study of late 19th-century newspaper publications reveals that the death of prominent doctors in Kyiv was not only a personal tragedy but also a public event, reflecting the complex interrelations between individuals, society, and culture. The mourning rituals surrounding these events were multifaceted sociocultural phenomena, mirroring both the overall trends in mourning culture and the specific characteristics of the medical profession.
Press publications allow for the reconstruction of the structure and content of mourning ceremonies, determining their duration, the circle of participants, and the symbolism involved. The social status of the deceased doctor influenced the scale and solemnity of the mourning events, as well as the range of participants involved.
The findings contribute to the understanding of urban history in relation to mortuary practices, revealing the role of doctors in society, the perception of their deaths as unifying events, and confirming the press's role in both information dissemination and memorialization.
Keywords: Kyiv, newspapers, “Kievlyanin”, daily life, mortuary practices, doctor, death, obituary, M. Stukovenkov, Ye. Afanasiev, I. Cheshykhin.
A acumulação de cargo público por militar estadual temporário do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Marinho Marco Antonio Nishida
Published: February 2025

A Lei Estadual nº 22.261/2024, que criou o Corpo de Militares Temporários na Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR) e no Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Paraná (CBMPR), levanta questões sobre a possibilidade de acúmulo desses cargos temporários com outros cargos, empregos e funções, civis ou militares, considerando as exceções descritas no inciso XVI do art. 37 da Constituição Federal do Brasil. Para abordar essa questão, foi realizada uma revisão da doutrina relevante e análise das normas constitucionais e infraconstitucionais aplicáveis. O objetivo desta pesquisa é discutir as condições e hipóteses de acúmulo de cargo público com a função de militar estadual temporário no Estado do Paraná.
Effect of using Korsimu on Oxytocin Levels of Breastfeeding Mothers Post Sectio Caesarea
Authors: Annisa Pariqa , Mufdlilah  , Anjarwati
Published: February 2025

The World Health Organisation states that only 47% of babies are breastfed within the first 1 hour of birth, and only 48% of babies under 6 months are exclusively breastfed, with a global target of 70%. The Breastfeeding Mother Oxytocin Chair (KORSIMU) is an innovation that aims to increase levels of the hormone oxytocin, which plays a role in breast milk production. However, there are no quantitative studies that specifically discuss the effect of KORSIMU on oxytocin levels in post sectio caesarea (SC) breastfeeding mothers. To analyse the effect of using KORSIMU on increasing oxytocin levels in post-SC breastfeeding mothers at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta. Pre-experimental research design with a one group pretest-posttest design approach with total sampling technique, namely the entire population from April to July was sampled, namely 30 respondents. The intervention given in this study was the use of KORSIMU for 20 minutes. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed an increase in oxytocin hormone levels after the KORSIMU intervention, the p-value of 0.001 <0.05, indicating a significant effect of KORSIMU on oxytocin levels of post-SC breastfeeding mothers. The use of KORSIMU is effective in increasing the oxytocin levels of post-SC breastfeeding mothers and can be an innovative strategy to support optimal breastfeeding, especially mothers who have milk production problems.
Certificação orgânica por OCS ou por SPG?
Authors: Costa Edgar Aparecido da , Santos Poliana Fernandes dos , Rodrigues Glenda Helenice da Silva
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir as estratégias e as dificuldades encontradas para certificação orgânica pelo Grupo Bem-Estar de Ladário/MS, bem como a escolha do caminho da certificação por um Organismo Participativo de Avaliação da Conformidade (OPAC), mediante um Sistema Participativo de Garantia (SPG) ou uma Organização de Controle Social (OCS). Como procedimentos metodológicos utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, bases de dados públicos e entrevistas com as sete famílias camponesas do Grupo Bem-Estar. Observouse que tanto a certificação via OCS como a via OPAC são adequadas às condições econômicas do Grupo. A escolha pela via de certificação deve acontecer em razão da escala de comercialização, sendo a primeira restrita às vendas diretas e a segunda mais abrangente. As famílias camponesas enfrentam dificuldades com as sazonalidades climáticas, no controle das pragas e de animais, além das anotações das atividades relativas ao processo de produção e comercialização das hortaliças.
Quadrotor Helicopter with Open Architecture
Authors: Charre-Ibarra Saida , Vidal-Ortega Erik , Gudiño-Lau Jorge , Duran-Fonseca Miguel
Published: February 2025

The article focuses on the design, construction, and testing of a
quadrotor helicopter with open architecture, aiming to explore
control techniques and promote experimentation in unmanned
aerial vehicles. Tools such as MATLAB and Simulink were used
to program a classic PID controller, evaluating aspects like error
margin and stabilization under perturbations. Additionally,
references with the commercial DJI NAZA MLITE controller
were implemented to obtain comparative data. The prototype
stands out for its flexibility, allowing component upgrades and
preventing obsolescence. Finally, the application of advanced
techniques, such as fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms, is
suggested for future research to enhance its functionality and
potential.
Коагуляционная очистка природных вод солями окисного железа
Authors: Гандурина Л.В. , Кравченко Д.С.
Published: February 2025

Рассмотрена эффективность применения хлорида и сульфата окисного железа для коагуляционной очистки природных и модельных вод в зависимости от мутности, цветности, щелочности исходной воды и продолжительности хлопьеобразования. Показано, что для очистки мутных вод дозы коагулянтов по иону железа не зависят от вида коагулянта и увеличиваются с ростом мутности очищаемой воды. Найдена степенная зависимость дозы хлорида железа от мутности исходной воды. Для снижения мутности и цветности самым эффективным коагулянтом, одновременно обеспечивающим нормативное содержание ионов железа в очищенной воде, является хлорид железа. Более высокая эффективность хлорида железа по сравнению с сульфатом окисного железа определяется наличием в растворах хлорида железа полиоксихлоридных комплексов. Установлено, что основной вклад в снижение мутности воды, коагулированной солями окисного железа, вносит щелочность, определяющая скорость и количество образующихся нерастворимых продуктов гидролиза солей окисного железа. На примере коагуляционной очистки цветных вод разных водоисточников с применением солей окисного железа показано, что с увеличением цветности и щелочности исходной воды не наблюдается четкой корреляционной зависимости дозы и эффективности очистки от этих параметров.

The efficiency of using ferric chloride and ferric sulphate for coagulation purification of natural and model water depending on the turbidity, color, alkalinity of the source water and flocculation duration is considered. It is shown that for the purification of turbid water, the doses of coagulants related to the iron ion do not depend on the type of coagulant and increase with rise of the turbidity of the purified water. Power dependence of the dose of ferric chloride on the turbidity of the source water was determined. Ferric chloride is the most effective coagulant for reducing turbidity and color, simultaneously providing for the standard concentration of iron ions in purified water. The higher efficiency of ferric chloride compared to ferric sulphate is determined by the presence of polyoxychloride complexes in ferric chloride solutions. It has been established that the main contribution to the reduction of turbidity of water coagulated with iron oxide salts is made by alkalinity that determines the rate and amount of insoluble products of hydrolysis of iron oxide salts. Using the example of coagulation purification of colored waters from different water sources using iron oxide salts, it has been shown that with an increase in color and alkalinity of the source water, no clear correlation dependence of the dose and purification efficiency on these parameters is observed.
Incidence and Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Valvular and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Using Vitamin K Antagonists
Authors: Liporace Idelzuita Leandro , Oliveira Gustavo Bernardes F. , Alves Lucas Bassolli de Oliveira , Galassi Nadia Marchiori , Jeronimo Andreia Dias , Lopes Fernanda Maria , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Avezum Álvaro
Published: February 2025

Abstract Background Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) represent an important therapeutic strategy offered by the Brazilian Unified Public Health System to patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, predictors of relevant clinical outcomes are understudied in the real world. Objective To determine the incidence and independent predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with valvular and nonvalvular AF treated with VKA. Methods This prospective cohort included patients with valvular and nonvalvular AF receiving VKA for ≥ 1 year. The primary outcomes were cardiovascular death, thromboembolic events, and major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding, separately and as a composite outcome. The outcomes were independently adjudicated. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The study included 1,350 patients, with a mean age of 69.2 (± 11.8) years, 53.6% female, followed up for 17 (15 - 19) months. The annual incidence of thromboembolic events and cardiovascular death was 4.4%, and predictors were prior thromboembolism (hazard ratio [HR] 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22 - 3.67), time in therapeutic range (TTR) < 50% (HR 1.98; 95% CI 1.16 - 3.37), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 (HR 2.76; 95% CI 4.82 - 1.58). The rate of major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding was 3.24% per year (95% CI 2.47 - 4.14), and predictors were prior bleeding (HR 2.60; 95% CI 1.47 - 4.61) and mechanical prosthesis (HR 1.91; 95% CI 1.15 - 3.15). The composite outcome was 8.7% per year, and predictors were prior bleeding (HR 1.70; 95% CI 1.07 - 2.70), TTR < 41% (HR 1.79; 95% CI 1.11 - 2.86), and left atrial diameter > 44 mm (HR 1.97; 95% CI 3.26 - 1.19). Conclusions Prior thromboembolism or bleeding, reduced GFR and TTR levels, and enlarged left atrium were predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with AF treated with VKA.
Potencial Terapêutico da Vortioxetina: Respostas Cardíacas ao Estresse Crônico Moderado Imprevisível em um Modelo de Rato
Authors: Ozmen Ozlem , Tasan Serife , Unal Gulin Ozdamar
Published: February 2025

Resumo Fundamento O estresse surge em resposta a ameaças ou desafios, afetando a saúde física e mental. Embora seus efeitos nocivos ao coração sejam amplamente reconhecidos, as investigações em nível celular permanecem limitadas. Antidepressivos, incluindo vortioxetina (VOR), são conhecidos por impactar o sistema cardiovascular. VOR, usado para tratar transtorno depressivo maior, é considerado uma opção promissora para pacientes com doença cardíaca devido às suas propriedades anti-inflamatórias e antioxidantes, que podem reduzir danos cardíacos. Objetivos Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do estresse crônico moderado imprevisível (ECMI) em corações de ratos e avaliar os potenciais efeitos protetores do VOR contra danos cardíacos induzidos por estresse. Métodos Vinte e oito ratos Wistar Albino machos foram divididos em quatro grupos. O grupo ECMI experimentou estresse diário aleatório por 6 semanas, enquanto o grupo ECMI+VOR recebeu tratamento VOR junto com estresse. Os grupos VOR e controle não foram expostos ao estresse. Amostras de coração foram examinadas histopatologicamente e imuno-histoquimicamente. Resultados O grupo ECMI apresentou aumento de hemorragia, edema, degeneração vacuolar e infiltrações de células mononucleares, com redução de troponina e IL-10 e aumento de expressões de caspase-3 e NF-κB em comparação ao grupo controle (p≤0,001). O tratamento com VOR melhorou esses achados, normalizando os resultados histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos. Conclusões O ECMI causou danos cardíacos significativos em ratos, enquanto o tratamento com VOR mostrou efeitos protetores ao aliviar essas alterações patológicas.