bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Program Pengendalian Resistensi Antimikroba (PPRA)
Authors: Rukmini Rukmini , Siahaan Selma , Sari Ida Diana
Published: July 2020

Antimicrobial resistance has become a problem in Indonesia. The Ministry of Health has established a policy ofAntimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Control Program in hospitals to resolve the issue. A qualitative case study was conducted at Dr. RSUP Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital, Makassar in 2018 to analyze the implementation of AMR control program. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed descriptively. The study showed that policy AMR control program has not be carefully implemented. The function of AMR control program team is to make policies and guidelines for antibiotic use, to make surveillance of germ patterns and antibiotic sensitivity, clinical audits of antibiotic use, to conduct studies/research and to make evaluation that is reported to the Hospital Director. However, this AMR control program has not been optimally implemented due to many challenges such as lack of budget, lack of commitment and internal coordination between the AMR control program team members. Implementation of AMR control program in this hosptal management is not optimal. The Program dissemination and AMR team activities were not evenly distributed. High workload, inadequate infrastructure and antibiotic resistance issues of the referred patients. As a conclusion AMRcontrol program policy in RSUP. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar, has not been properly disseminated and implemented. Coordination, dissemination and discussion forums on PPRA policies internally and externally with cross-sectoral hospitals are needed to improve antimicrobial resistance control commitment.
Clarifying late Holocene Coyote (Canis latrans)–Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) sympatry in the western Great Lake states
Authors: Thiel Richard P.
Published: July 2020

North American Canis genetics research varies in interpreting the Pre-Columbian distribution of Coyotes (Canis latrans). Many studies have relied on generalized species-distribution maps and a few actually cite earlier genetics works as secondary sources. I use archaeological, paleontological, and settlement era documents to demonstrate that Coyotes were present in portions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois thousands of years prior to European arrival. This review provides important clarification of historical Coyote distribution in the region and may have implications on the various interpretations of introgressed Coyote haplotypes present in Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) throughout the Great Lakes region.
Diet of St. Lawrence Estuary Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) in a changing ecosystem
Authors: Lesage Véronique , Lair Stéphane , Turgeon Samuel , Béland Pierre
Published: July 2020

Ecosystems and community structure fluctuate over time as a result of natural and anthropogenic factors that may affect prey availability and population dynamics. Most of what we know about St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE) Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) diet comes from stomach contents collected 80 years ago mainly from a hunting site that Beluga no longer use. How reflective these data are of Beluga diet at other sites and at the current time is unknown. In the context of the recent population decline, general information of prey species alone may help identify useful conservation actions for potentially important prey or habitats. Here, we examined the diet of SLE Beluga using digestive tracts collected from carcasses recovered over the past 30 years, in the context of historical diet data and recent changes in the St. Lawrence ecosystem. We showed they have a varied diet composed of fish and invertebrates generally <30 cm in length, and that adult males and females differ in their summer diet in a way that is consistent with the sex segregation observed in this population. Our results also indicate that polychaete worms, squid, and cod are still among the most prevalent prey, and that species such as redfish (Sebastes spp.) might be important prey items. This study shows that Beluga diet has changed since the 1930s, and that prey from digestive tracts identified to species are valuable for making comparisons to the past, and for improving applications of molecular analyses, such as stable isotopes and fatty acids.
The Association Between HbA1c and Time in Hypoglycemia During CGM and Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in People With Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Daily Insulin Injections: A Randomized Clinical Trial (GOLD-4)
Authors: Seyed Ahmadi Shilan , Westman Klara , Pivodic Aldina , Ólafsdóttir Arndís F. , Dahlqvist Sofia , Hirsch Irl B. , Hellman Jarl , Ekelund Magnus , Heise Tim , Polonsky William , Wijkman Magnus , Schwarcz Erik , Lind Marcus
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

According to recent guidelines, individuals with type 1 diabetes should spend <4.0% of time per day with glucose levels <3.9 mmol/L (<70 mg/dL) and <1.0% per day with glucose levels <3.0 mmol/L (<54 mg/dL).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In the GOLD randomized crossover trial, 161 individuals with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) were randomized to continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) or conventional therapy with self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and evaluated over 16 months. We estimated the association between time spent in hypoglycemia and various mean glucose and HbA1c levels.

RESULTS

Time spent in hypoglycemia (<3.9 mmol/L and <3.0 mmol/L) increased significantly with lower mean HbA1c and mean glucose levels during both CGM and conventional therapy. During CGM, 24 (57.1%) individuals with HbA1c <7.5% (<58 mmol/mol) had <1.0% time spent in hypoglycemia <3.0 mmol/L and 23 (54.8%) had <4.0% time spent in hypoglycemia <3.9 mmol/L. During CGM, mean time spent in hypoglycemia for individuals with mean HbA1c 7.0% (52 mmol/mol) was estimated to be 5.4% for <3.9 mmol/L and 1.5% for <3.0 mmol/L. The corresponding values during SMBG were 9.2% and 3.5%, respectively. Individuals with mean glucose levels of 8 mmol/L spent 4.9% units more time with glucose levels <3.9 mmol/L and 2.8% units more time <3.0 mmol/L during SMBG compared with CGM.

CONCLUSIONS

Reaching current targets for time in hypoglycemia while at the same time reaching HbA1c targets is challenging for patients with type 1 diabetes treated with MDI both with CGM and SMBG monitoring. However, CGM is associated with considerably less time in hypoglycemia than SMBG at a broad range of HbA1c levels and is crucial for patients with MDI treatment if they are to have a chance to approach hypoglycemia targets.
AUGMENTED REALITY AFFECTS STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE AND CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING IN LEARNING 3D GEOMETRY
Authors: Auliya Risma Nurul , Munasiah Munasiah
Published: July 2020

The study investigates the impact of using AR in learning 3D geometry on students’ attitudes and conceptual understanding. The research was carried out using a quasi-experimental design, in particular by using a conceptual understanding test and attitude towards geometry questionnaire, in a public secondary school in Rangkasbitung, Banten, Indonesia. Two groups of students were used for data collection; the experimental (31 students) and the control groups (30 students). The data analyzed by independent sample t-test, using a significant level of 0.05. The results of this study were: (1) students’ conceptual understanding in mathematics in AR group was better than the control group, (2) students’ conceptual understanding in mathematics for both groups was in the medium category, and (3) students’ attitude towards geometry in AR group was better than the control group. Therefore, the appropriate method that is used in learning geometry can affect students’ conceptual understanding and attitude towards geometry. Additionally, the learning environment also needs to be teachers’ attention, because it can affect students’ involvement in the learning process.
Effectiveness Of Outdoor Learning Optimization Program In Learning Social Studies
Authors: Prasetya Sukma Perdana , Segara Nuansa Bayu , Imron Ali
Published: July 2020

Outdoor learning is potential to expose social and natural phenomena related to social studies. However, the social studies teachers seldom to practice outdoor learning on certain occasions. This article has two aims. First, interpreting social studies teacher perspective about the simulation of an outdoor learning laboratory. Second, explain the teacher's obstacle if they are practicing outdoor learning in the school. Step of the research consist of 1) in service-learning 1; 2) on the job learning; 3) in service-learning 2. The participants of this study involved 20 secondary high school active teachers of social studies in Surabaya. The data collecting technique used in this study is a questioner to measuring teacher's perspectives about the outdoor learning simulation in Surabaya, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, Jombang,Tuban. Then, interview guidelines were used to perceive the data about teacher's obstacles to practice outdoor learning programs. The data analysis technique for examined teachers' perspectives is the percentage and discriminant statistics. The result of this study confirms that learning outdoor program offers a positive outcome. That is, 1) integrity while the social studies learning, extending social studies content, and helpful for difficult content; 2, Motivation improvement, attention and provide the student concrete experience; 3) Social studies learning to be fun, effective, and contextual. However, Social studies teachers assume laboratory outdoor activity is not efficient and hard to do, because they need a big fee, lengthy time, and require teachers' field experience for dominating social studies content
Lecturers’ Adaptability To Technological Change And Its Impact On The Teaching Process
Authors: Mardiana Harisa
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research is to investigate the lecturers' adaptability to technological change and its impact on the teaching process. To adapt the technological change, lecturers must have attitudes to learn technology, knowledge in technology, ability, and skills to change them into qualified lecturers. The problem in Tangerang City is the lecturers have difficulty in adapting the technology, some of the lecturers unprepared in teaching and make the learning chaotic. Other lectures give many tasks and quizzes the same as the classroom's learning, and it will not achieve the learning goal. The research method is mixed methods, and the primary data is from questionnaires that give to the lecturers by Google Form. Data collection measures in 2 dimensions of lecturers’ adaptability and online teaching. The result found that 85 respondents can adapt to technological change, and for the use of online teaching, there were 87 respondents. Some of the lecturers tried to move to online teaching and learn advanced techniques. And with this research, it was shown that lecturers were ready to move to the 21-century online learning process.
ASSESING DETERMINANT FACTOR ON COMMUNITY RURAL TOURISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Sartika Ika
Published: July 2020

Mostly the tourist destinantion in Indonesia found in rural areas and belong to the local community which suffers from their socio-economic conditions and lack of capacity to manage this potential-nature gift. The study tries to potray and identify the local context of community-based tourism concept through academic international perspectives. The paper will enrich the discussion by providing key success factors of CBT’s sustainability for rural in developing countries. Data collected from five fresh water object tourism which is located in rural areas in different locations in Indonesia. Quantitative analysis used to identify the determinant factor of CBT in those rurals. Findings showed that out of six factors, leadership came up as the most crucial factors for managing tourism in the rural community. We argue that the resilient rural leadership on CBT is bear from cultural, socio-economics, structural-administration and political legaciesKey words; Leadership, Rural-Development, Community Based Tourism, Tradititional Culture, Decentralization Policy
The Sensitivity of Financial Position and Financial Behavior of Young Workers
Authors: Kabul Wahyu Utomo Mila Arlinawati, Ni Nyoman Sawitri,
Published: July 2020

The phenomenon of financial behavior from young workers in Indonesia is important to be studied; it relates to the financial position in the future. Reviewing for the phenomenon, so this research focuses on the impact of financial behavior on financial position supported by financial ability, locus of control, financial knowledge, financial attitude, income, and individual ethnicity. This experimental study is conducted on young workers in Jakarta (Indonesia), it is about 132 young workers taken data through questionnaires. The analysis technique used by path analysis with Smart PLS tools. The research finding is found that financial behavior does not always determine the financial position of young workers. Many other cases can determine financial position directly are financial knowledge and the ethnicity of young workers. While financial behavior can be truly created by the support of financial ability, financial attitude, and income.
DeepVentilation: Learning to Predict Physical Effort from Breathing
Authors: Sen Sagar , Bernabé Pierre , Husom Erik  Johannes B.L.G.
Published: July 2020

Tracking physical effort from physiological signals has enabled people to manage required activity levels in our increasingly sedentary and automated world. Breathing is a physiological process that is a reactive representation of our physical effort. In this demo, we present DeepVentilation, a deep learning system to predict minute ventilation in litres of air a person moves in one minute uniquely from real-time measurement of rib-cage breathing forces. DeepVentilation has been trained on input signals of expansion and contraction of the rib-cage obtained using a non-invasive respiratory inductance plethysmography sensor to predict minute ventilation as observed from a face/head mounted exercise spirometer. The system is used to track physical effort closely matching our perception of actual exercise intensity. The source code for the demo is available here: https://github.com/simula-vias/DeepVentilation
Efficient and Modularized Training on FPGA for Real-time Applications
Authors: Venkataramanaiah Shreyas Kolala , Du Xiaocong , Li Zheng , Yin Shihui , Cao Yu , Seo Jae-sun
Published: July 2020

Training of deep Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) requires a tremendous amount of computation and memory and thus, GPUs are widely used to meet the computation demands of these complex training tasks. However, lacking the flexibility to exploit architectural optimizations, GPUs have poor energy efficiency of GPUs and are hard to be deployed on energy-constrained platforms. FPGAs are highly suitable for training, such as real-time learning at the edge, as they provide higher energy efficiency and better flexibility to support algorithmic evolution. This paper first develops a training accelerator on FPGA, with 16-bit fixed-point computing and various training modules. Furthermore, leveraging model segmentation techniques from Progressive Segmented Training, the newly developed FPGA accelerator is applied to online learning, achieving much lower computation cost. We demonstrate the performance of representative CNNs trained for CIFAR-10 on Intel Stratix-10 MX FPGA, evaluating both the conventional training procedure and the online learning algorithm.
Certifai: A Toolkit for Building Trust in AI Systems
Authors: Henderson Jette , Sharma Shubham , Gee Alan , Alexiev Valeri , Draper Steve , Marin Carlos , Hinojosa Yessel , Draper Christine , Perng Michael , Aguirre Luis , Li Michael , Rouhani Sara , Consul Shorya , Michalski Susan , Prasad Akarsh , Chutani Mayank , Kumar Aditya , Alam Shahzad , Kandarpa Prajna , Jesudasan Binnu , Lee Colton , Criscolo Michael , Williamson Sinead , Sanchez Matt , Ghosh Joydeep
Published: July 2020

As more companies and governments build and use machine learning models to automate decisions, there is an ever-growing need to monitor and evaluate these models' behavior once they are deployed.

Our team at CognitiveScale has developed a toolkit called Cortex Certifai to answer this need. Cortex Certifai is a framework that assesses aspects of robustness, fairness, and interpretability of any classification or regression model trained on tabular data, without requiring access to its internal workings. Additionally, Cortex Certifai allows users to compare models along these different axes and only requires 1) query access to the model and 2) an “evaluation” dataset. At its foundation, Cortex Certifai generates counterfactual explanations, which are synthetic data points close to input data points but differing in terms of model prediction. The tool then harnesses characteristics of these counterfactual explanations to analyze different aspects of the supplied model and delivers evaluations relevant to a variety of different stakeholders (e.g., model developers, risk analysts, compliance officers). Cortex Certifai can be configured and executed using a command-line interface (CLI), within jupyter notebooks, or on the cloud, and the results are recorded in JSON files and can be visualized in an interactive console. Using these reports, stakeholders can understand, monitor, and build trust in their AI systems. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of a demonstration of Cortex Certifai's capabilities.
ProbAnch: a Modular Probabilistic Anchoring Framework
Authors: Persson Andreas , Martires Pedro Zuidberg Dos , Raedt Luc de , Loufti Amy
Published: July 2020

Modeling object representations derived from perceptual observations, in a way that is also semantically meaningful for humans as well as autonomous agents, is a prerequisite for joint human-agent understanding of the world. A practical approach that aims to model such representations is perceptual anchoring, which handles the problem of mapping sub-symbolic sensor data to symbols and maintains these mappings over time. In this paper, we present ProbAnch, a modular data-driven anchoring framework, whose implementation requires a variety of well-orchestrated components, including a probabilistic reasoning system.
Lossless Semantic Round-Tripping in PENG ASP
Authors: Schwitter Rolf
Published: July 2020

The PENG ASP system supports the writing of textual specifications with the help of a smart text editor that possesses knowledge about the structure of the specification language. Specifications written in PENG ASP are incrementally translated into executable answer set programs and vice versa. That means the system allows for lossless semantic round-tripping between a human-readable specification and an answer set program. This functionality is achieved by a single bi-directional logic grammar that serves at the same time as a text processor and a text generator. We demonstrate that the PENG ASP system can be used to bridge the gap between a (seemingly) informal specification and an executable answer set program.
A Testbed for Studying COVID-19 Spreading in Ride-Sharing Systems
Authors: Yong Wong Harrison Jun , Deng Zichao , Yu Han , Huang Jianqiang , Leung Cyril , Miao Chunyan
Published: July 2020

Order dispatch is an important area where artificial intelligence (AI) can benefit ride-sharing systems (e.g., Grab, Uber), which has become an integral part of our public transport network. In this paper, we present a multi-agent testbed to study the spread of infectious diseases through such a system. It allows users to vary the parameters of the disease and behaviours to study the interaction effect between technology, disease and people's behaviours in such a complex environment.
AI-Powered Oracle Bone Inscriptions Recognition and Fragments Rejoining
Authors: Zhang Chongsheng , Zong Ruixing , Cao Shuang , Men Yi , Mo Bofeng
Published: July 2020

Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBI) research is very meaningful for both history and literature. In this paper, we introduce our contributions in AI-Powered Oracle Bone (OB) fragments rejoining and OBI recognition. (1) We build a real-world dataset OB-Rejoin, and propose an effective OB rejoining algorithm which yields a top-10 accuracy of 98.39%. (2) We design a practical annotation software to facilitate OBI annotation, and build OracleBone-8000, a large-scale dataset with character-level annotations. We adopt deep learning based scene text detection algorithms for OBI localization, which yield an F-score of 89.7%. We propose a novel deep template matching algorithm for OBI recognition which achieves an overall accuracy of 80.9%. Since we have been cooperating closely with OBI domain experts, our effort above helps advance their research. The resources of this work are available at https://github.com/chongshengzhang/OracleBone.
Keraguan Kritis; Descartes
Authors: Yogiswari Krisna Suksma
Published: July 2020

Rene Descartes is regarded as the father of modern philosophy, a figure of rationalism, a mathematician, and physiology. Descartes was also a philosopher whose philosophical teachings were very popular because his views which never faltered about the highest truths were in reason or human ratios. Descartes was a philosopher who was dissatisfied with Scholastic philosophy whose views were contradictory, and there was no certainty due to the poor method of thinking.
Ajaran Catur Asrama Persepektif Konsepsi Hidup Untuk Mencapai Tujuan Hidup
Authors: Subrata I Nyoman
Published: July 2020

Hindus should be proud because Hinduism has a clear concept of the levels of human life arranged systematically called dormitory chess, namely: four levels of human life based on spiritual guidance that is processed to achieve the goals of human life which is called catur purusaartha based on spiritual order, time, age and nature of human behavior. Four Dormitory or stages in life, namely: Brahmacari Dormitory, namely: the stage of learning or the period
of demanding science, Grahasta Dormitory, namely: holdpan household, Wanaprastha Dormitory, namely: stages for asceticism, and Bhisuka Dormitory, namely: life of denial. Each division of Dormitory Chess has its own stages. These stages help human evolution. And Chess Boarding places humanity on perfection by still - each stage. The implementation of Dormitory Chess governs human life from beginning to end
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK
Authors: Subrahmaniam Saitya Ida Bagus
Published: July 2020

Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, affirms that children are a mandate as well as the gift of God the Almighty, which we must always guard because in them the dignity, dignity and rights as human beings must be upheld. Children who are victims of crime are weak people who often cannot protect and help themselves because of their situation and conditions. Crime of sexual violence against children is a crime that uses violence or threats of violence
against children so that the child can be controlled for sexual relations. Internal factors causing criminal acts of sexual violence such as the proximity of the perpetrator to the victim, the role of the perpetrator, and the position of the victim. External factors that cause sexual violence crimes, namely environmental influences, such as being far from the crowd, lonely, or closed places that allow perpetrators to commit sexual violence.
PERTENTANGAN NORMA DALAM PENGATURAN PENDAFTARAN DAN PENDIRIAN COMMANDITAIRE VENNOOTSCHAP (CV)
Authors: Maharni Partyani Ketut Caturyani
Published: July 2020

Registration and establishment of CV in Indonesia occurs in norms of conflict, both of which are regulated in Article 23 of the Criminal Procedure Code with Article 3 of the Minister of Law and Human Rights concerning ‘Application for CV registration. KUHD through clerks in the district court while Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights by the Minister of Law and Human Rights through SABU (Business Administration System). The provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code have never been revoked or declared invalid. This study offers a way out in registering CV establishments conducted at the two institutions designated in the legislation, namely in accordance with the provisions of article 23 KUHD at the District Court Registrar Office where the CV is located and in accordance with Article 3 of Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number 17 Year 2018 registered with the Ministry Law and Human Rights through the Business Entity Administration System (SABU) online.
EFFECT OF ENRICHED SANJEEVANI AND AGNIHOTRA ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Tripathy Saswatik , Dutta Avijit Kr.
Published: July 2020

Brinjal is a crop grown widely all over India and preferred by both rich and poor. The Chhotanagpur plateau of Jharkhand is famous for quality vegetable production and brinjal is very commonly grown in this region almost throughout the year. However, the most of the commercial growers using plant protection chemicals and synthetic fertilizers those are so expensive that poor farmers can’t afford. The extensive uses of agro-chemicals and synthetic fertilizers also reduce the quality of both the produce and the cultivated soil. In this context, an attempt has been made through the present investigation by growing different varieties of brinjal by adopting Vedic (Enriched Sanjeevani) Farming and Homa Induction (Agnihotra) techniques with their respective four non-chemical alternative growing approaches, viz.  E1C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%), E1C2: Absolute Control (inherent fertility status of the experimental plot); E2C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra), and E2C2: Only Homa Induction (Agnihotra). Five varieties of the crop, viz. V1: Swarna Pratibha; V2: Swarna Neelima; V3: Swarna Shakti; V4: Mukta Jhuri; V5: Long Green were grown with their four replications under four growing conditions and the Randomized Completed Block Design was adopted for field trials. Different growth, yield and quality attributing characters of the crop were taken into account and findings revealed that E2C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra) was the most suitable growing condition for V2 (Swarna Neelima) with the maximum yield (72.37 t ha-1). Different growth and yield attributes of the crop varieties (especially in the case of V2: Swarna Neelima) were highly influenced by Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra) [E2C1] growing condition resulting higher benefit cost ratio of 6.78. Quality contributing attributes were also highly influenced by homa induction (Agnihotra), as a consequence, higher level of dry matter, TSS, and ascorbic acid contents were estimated from almost all samples collected from E2C1: Enriched Sanjeevani (1%) + Homa Induction (Agnihotra), and E2C2: Only Homa Induction (Agnihotra) growing conditions.
Alih Kode dalam Instruksi Pelatihan Kepada Atlet Perisai Diri SMP YP 17 Surabaya
Authors: Aisyah Kiki Inayatul , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Utami Sri
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis alih kode dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adanya alih kode dalam instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih Perisai Diri SMP YP 17 Surabaya. Teori yang digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis alih kode adalah teori dari Suwito, sedangkan dalam mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya alih kode, dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori dari Chaer. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskripstif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih kepada atlet Perisai Diri SMP YP 17 Surabaya, selama pertandingan berlangsung. Data penelitian yang berupa alih kode dalam instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik simak catat dan teknik rekam, yang berguna untuk mengumpulkan data berupa instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dasar yaitu menyimak dan merekam instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih, dan teknik lanjutan yaitu mencatat hasil rekaman dengan translit data yang didapat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut, dapat diperoleh adanya dua jenis alih kode dalam instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih Perisai Diri SMP YP 17 Surabaya, yaitu alih kode intern dan alih kode ekstern. Setelah itu peneliti memperoleh faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya alih kode dalam instruksi yang diberikan oleh pelatih kepada atlet Perisai Diri SMP YP 17 Surabaya.
Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical study to assess efficacy and safety of NRL/MW/201901 in subjects suffering from erectile dysfunction
Authors: Omkar Kulkarni  , Anuj Agarwal  , Priya Khare  , Gayatri Ganu
Published: July 2020

Sex is an integral part of a well-being. Sexual satisfaction is the most important component of the quality of life. In management of ED overall sexual potential and quality of life needs to be taken care of as a holistic approach to management. The aim of the study was to clinically validate effect of NRL/MW/201901 a polyhedral Nutraceutical product in ED. The clinical efficacy of NRL/MW/201901 in patients suffering from erectile dysfunction was evaluated by assessing Quality of Erection Questionnaire and sexual encounter profile with Intra-vaginal ejaculation latency time, serum testosterone and anthropometric analysis etc. NRL/MW/201901 was effective in increasing erection function, orgasmic function, intercourse satisfaction, overall satisfaction and sexual desire. There is marked increase in number of sexual encounters in NRL/MW/201901 treated group. Serum levels of testosterone were increased after treatment of NRL/MW/201901 than in placebo group. It was evident from the anthropometric analysis of the subjects that there was significant increase in resting metabolism and % skeletal muscle content in NRL/MW/201901 treated group. There were no evident adverse events related to drug. Thus it could be concluded that NRL/MW/201901 is safe and effective in the treatment of mild to moderate erectile dysfunction.
Myrtenal averts apoptotic evasion of cancer cells in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced experimental oral carcinogenesis
Authors: Buddhan R  , Manoharan S  , Muralinaidu R
Published: July 2020

Apoptotic avoidance is one of the foremost characteristic features of tumour cells. Apoptotic induction in cancer cells could thus help to identify new anticancer agents from the natural products. The present study has taken an effort to investigate the apoptotic efficacy of myrtenal, a monoterpene, in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced oral carcinoma in male golden Syrian hamsters. The present study used the potent carcinogen, 7,12- dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, to develop oral tumours in the buccal pouches of the golden Syrian hamsters. Topical application of the above said carcinogen on the buccal mucosa (3 times a week for 14 weeks) resulted in well differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma. The apoptotic potential of myrtenal was investigated using a spectrum of apoptotic markers, including pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic markers. Oral tumours developed in the buccal mucosa of hamsters showed higher expression of mutant p53 protein, Bcl-2 and lowered expression of Bax, Bad, Bid, caspase 3 and caspase 9. Myrtenal treatment at a dose of 230mg/kg bw orally to the hamsters treated with DMBA modulated the above said apoptotic markers towards tumour suppression or inhibition. The present findings thus suggests that the tumour preventive effect of myrtenal could partly be ascribed to its apoptotic induction potential during DMBA induced oral carcinogenesis.
Evidence Based Herbal Medicine for Modern Dentistry
Authors: Chinmayee Dahihandekar  , Sweta Kale Pisulkar  , Rohit Mistry  , Hetal Purohit
Published: July 2020

Ayurveda is a branch of medicine pertaining with the treatment modalities utilizing the natural ways . Traditional medicine has several benefits including being economically beneficial and having lesser toxic effects also proven to be a permanent cure when compared with its allopathic counterparts . The benefits of several such naturally occurring medicines is still not clear . They are used as anti-inflammatory agent , antifungal agent and can also be used as antioxidants and analgesics . Introducing Herbal Medicine into Dentistry will be beneficial in several aspects like relieving pain , inflammation , being cost effective and readily available etc. Apart from all the uses , the belief that ‘The herbal medicine is devoid of side effects is not true . Despite of all these advantages of traditional medicines , the amount of their usage is comparatively less owing to the lack of its awareness. Hence the objective of the article is to mention the uses and toxicities of most commonly used herbs and their usage in dentistry
Niosomes as target drug delivery system: A Review
Authors: Khalifa Fathelrahman Khalifa Abdelmagid  , Jeganath S  , Nitish B
Published: July 2020

The formulation of vesicles as a way of improving the delivery of drugs over the past several years has generated a lot of concern among scientists working in the field of drug delivery systems. The vesicular niosomal system is capable of increasing the bioavailability of a product. When its bilayer structure is constructed by non-ionic surfactants, the bioavailability of products to a specified region for an extended period. Niosomes and liposomes are equative in drug delivery capacity, and both have decreased drug usefulness regarding free drug use. Niosomes are contrasted with liposomes when the high chemical stability and efficacy of the substitute are considered. For medicines and therapeutic purposes, the implementation of vesicular (lipid vesicles and nonionic surfactant vesicles) devices can give many benefits. They strengthen drug molecules ’ clinical efficiency by delaying clearance from circulation, safeguarding the drug from the genetic atmosphere, and limiting target cell impacts. This study focused on recent developments in the distribution for niosomal medicines, possible benefits above other delivery systems, methods of construction, characterisation methods, and current niosome studies. Niosome seems to be a system of choice of drug delivery over liposome as a stable and economical niosome. Niosomes often have tremendous potential for nanotechnology to achieve focused non-cancer, non-infective agents. Niosome’s potential for drug delivery can be improved using new ideas such as proniosomes, discomes, and aspasome. Niosomes are also useful for diagnostic testing and as an active ingredient to the vaccine. Such areas, therefore, need additional study and development to products available in the market niosomal preparations.
Racism and the Statues: Colonialism, Monuments, and Black Lives Matter
Authors: Takahashi Shinnosuke , Ogasawara Hiroki , Inagaki Kenji , Takezaki Kazuma
Published: July 2020

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Finding the evidence for practice in social work
Authors: Cargill Justin
Published: July 2020

© 2013, IGI Global. The revolution in information technologies, in particular the growth of the Internet and greater access to computers, has given social workers unprecedented access to information resources. Researching such resources is crucial and it needs to be done efficiently. Planning an efficient search requires knowing which databases and other resources to use, knowing how to formulate an answerable question, identifying terms that inform the question, selecting the appropriate methodological filters, and being able to critically appraise evidence for its quality and relevance. This chapter, therefore, outlines some of the research sources available to social workers, it looks at some principles for finding information for practice in social work, and it outlines some criteria for evaluating the quality of that information.
Triangular magnetic structure of the Mn3Sb compound
Authors: Goncharov V. S. , Trukhanov S. V.
Published: July 2020

The Mn3Sb metastable compound is formed at high pressure and temperature and it decomposes upon heating above 420 K into Mn2Sb and Mn. It has a cubic crystalline structure describing the Pm-3m (№ 221) space group with a lattice parameter of a = 0.400 nm. In the present work, according to the results of neutron diffraction investigations and taking into account magnetometry data, it is shown that Mn3Sb is an antiferromagnet, and a model of the magnetic structure with a triangular configuration of equal magnetic moments in magnitude is proposed. The magnetic moments of manganese atoms, constituting the basis of a unit magnetic cell, lie in the (111) plane and form an equilateral triangle. According to neutron diffraction data, the magnetic moments of manganese atoms were determined at different temperatures.
The Effect of Mathematics Collaborative Learning Using Worked Examples on Cognitive Load and Motivation
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Kim Seong-Kyeong , Lee Sun Ji , Lee Bongju , Kim Ji Youn
Published: July 2020

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of mathematics collaborative learning using worked examples on students' mathematics achievement and cognitive load, and to examine the influence of collaborative and individual learning environment on students' self-efficacy and interest. In addition, we wanted to analyze the differences between students' self-efficacy and interest according to their achievement level. To this end, we divided 282 middle school students into 4 groups (collaboration-example-example, collaboration–example-problem, individual-example- example, individual-example-problem), and provided them with the tasks about the use of quadratic function. The results of this study are as follows. First, when using the worked examples, there was no difference in mathematics achievement according to the environment of collaborative learning and individual learning. Second, albeit on the same condition of being given the worked examples, the external cognitive load of the collaborative learning group was lower than that of the individual learning. Particularly, when the students at the upper level do collaborative learning by using example-examples, they felt external cognitive load less compared to those in the individual learning environment. Lastly, the strategy using the worked examples had a positive effect on the self-efficacy and interest of lower-level students in the individual learning environment rather than that of collaborative learning.
A Study on Middle School Teachers’ Geometric Unit Curriculum Material Use: A Case of a Teacher Community
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Ku Nayoung , Lee Kyeong-Hwa
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze how middle school mathematics teachers of teacher community use geometrical unit curriculum materials. Specifically, the focus was on analyzing what elements of the curriculum materials teachers interpret and how they attempt to supplement them. In this study, we classified categories and type of curriculum material use. The categories of curriculum material use was classified into offloading, adaptation, and improvisation. And the types of curriculum material use was classified into inclusion, modification, omission and creation. In the cases of modification, we identified how the question, example, tool, context and system of the task were modified. We found that teachers made various transformations to supplement the textbook, and the frequency of modification, omission and creation was different by system of textbook. Teachers supplemented them mainly by adding questions, modifying expressions and the role or sequence of tasks. In addition, teachers analyzed original tasks and transformed them into new forms based on the results of considering the geometric essence of major concepts. Although all the interpretations and uses of curriculum materials were not appropriate, it was significant in that it provided an opportunity to deepen the understanding of the curriculum and to seek alternative approaches.
Analysis on the Effect of Mathematics Class Characteristics and Mathematical Confidence on Mathematical Academic Achievement: Applying Hierarchical Linear Model
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Ko Dong Hyun , Jung Hee Sun
Published: July 2020

This study analyzed math teacher factors and student individual factors that affect students' math academic achievement in the context that students' math academic achievement will be revealed through their classes with their math teachers. Data from 4,901 second-year middle school students and 286 math teachers in Korea who responded to TIMSS 2015 were used by applying a multilevel model as HLM. The effects of students' individual level, math confidence and factors of group level (mathematics teaching ability, mathematics class activities types) on math academic achievement were examined and the interaction effects of the two factors on math academic achievement were analyzed. According to the analysis, the higher mathematics teaching ability and the higher the math confidence of individual students, the higher the achievement rate of mathematics, but the interaction effect between the two factors was not significant. On the other hand, although it did not significantly affect math academic achievement by type of mathematics class activity, it was significant in the interaction effects by strengthening or weakening the relationship between students' math confidence and math academic achievement.
A Discussion from a Multi-dimensional Curriculum Perspective on the Unknown Representation in Elementary School Mathematics
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Do Joowon , Paik Suckyoon
Published: July 2020

This study discussed the representation method of unknowns from the perspective of multi-dimensional curriculum. For this, The elementary mathematics curriculum revised in 2015 as the intended curriculum was compared and analyzed from the 7th curriculum to the curriculum revised in 2009. The mathematics textbooks of 5th and 6th grade of curriculum revised in 2015 as the written curriculum were compared and analyzed with the 5th and 6th grade textbooks for each curriculum. For elementary school teachers, a survey study was conducted regarding the representation method of teaching unknown concepts as an implemented curriculum. A survey was conducted on elementary students' understanding of the unknown concepts as an accomplished curriculum. As a result, first, it is necessary to actively discuss the representation method of unknowns so that early algebra education can be effectively performed in the upper grades of elementary school. Second, when introducing unknown concepts, it is necessary to consider a step-by-step instructional method of using character symbols in elementary school, in order to help understand the concept using shape symbols and ultimately to connect with secondary mathematics. Third, in terms of strengthening the connection between elementary mathematics and secondary mathematics, early algebra education in elementary schools linked to full-scale algebra education in secondary schools can be pursued through the introducing the unknown representation method using character symbols in the 5th grade and 6th grade of elementary school mathematics.
An Argument Analysis for Proofs of the Incenter and Circumcenter of the Triangle in Textbooks
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Han Chaereen , Kim Kyeong Jun , Kwon Oh Nam
Published: July 2020

In this article, we investigate the argument structure of the proof about the incenter/circumcenter of the triangle written in textbooks. A total of 10 textbooks for middle school mathematics 2, corresponding to the 2015 revised curriculum, were analyzed with the layout of arguments suggested by Toulmin. From the local argument perspective, we found that the following two structural features could limit acceptability of the argumentation to students. First, in arguing the congruence of two triangles to prove the uniqueness of the incenter/circumcenter, the structural location of three geometrical facts was stated inappropriately. Second, some warrants need to be provided when considering the learning trajectory of students. From the global argument perspective, we found that the following two structural features could limit acceptability of the argumentation to students. First, arguments for right-angled and obtuse triangles and some sub-local argument structures were omitted. Second, the definition of the incenter/circumcenter of the triangle was not included in the argumentation structure. These findings suggest that textbook writers need to consider whether linguistic phrases for provig are logically structured, whether enough warrants are provided for current learners, whether sub-argument structures are fully examined, and whether statements about the existence and uniqueness of inscribed/circumscribed circles are embedded in the argument.
Values, Benefits, Considerations and Risks of AI in Government
Authors: Toll Daniel , Lindgren Ida , Melin Ulf , Madsen Christian Ø.
Published: July 2020

There is currently an ongoing, global race to develop, implement and make use of AI in both the private and public sector. How AI will affect responsibilities and public values to be upheld by government remains to be seen. This paper analyzes how AI is portrayed in Swedish policy documents and what values are attributed to the use of AI, based on an established e-government value framework. Statements are identified in policy documents and are coded into one of four value ideal, as well as being either a benefit, consideration, or risk. We conclude that there is discrepancy in the policy level discourse concerning AI between the different value ideals and that the discourse surrounding AI may be overly optimistic. A more nuanced view of AI in government is needed for creating realistic expectations.
Does Gold Act as a Hedge or a Safe Haven? Evidence from
Pakistan
Authors: Chang Bisharat Hussain , Rajput ,Suresh Kumar Oad , Ahmed Pervez , Hayat Zafar
Published: July 2020

This paper seeks to determine whether in Pakistan gold
protects investors against the risks associated with the exchange rate,
oil shocks, and stock returns by testing the hedging and safe haven
properties of gold returns for the period from August 1997 to May 2016.
The analysis has been done to understand the relationship between
moderate (normal) and extremely tumultuous conditions through least
squares and DCC-GARCH models. The key results indicate that gold acts as
a hedge against exchange rate risk only whereas it acts as a safe haven
in terms of the risks associated with the oil, exchange rate and stock
market shocks—thereby indicating that investors can potentially invest
in gold to hedge against losses emanating from the exchange rate, while
they may avoid potential losses originating from turmoil conditions in
terms of the exchange rate, oil, and stock markets. JEL Classification:
E32, F31. Keywords: Gold Returns, Safe Haven, Hedge, DCC GARCH
Aspectos de la desaparición
Authors: Bou Enric
Published: July 2020

This essay discusses issues related to disappearances in urban space, in particular cases that affect streets and subways, the mismatched equivalences of lines on the surface of urban space and what lays underground. Taking as a point of departure David Pike’s concept of threshold, which is key to defining a topography of the “vertical city”, a reading of plans and literary texts and films is proposed. This will illustrate the ways in which surface and other underground spaces overlap and the many differences that exist.
Espacio y memoria en Tánger
Authors: Soria Olmedo Andres
Published: July 2020

The historical singularity of Tangier during the 20th century has produced a number of literary works and a myth of sorts, and has shaped memory and spatial images. Some of them are examined through works, mostly narrative, by Ángel Vázquez, Umberto Pasti, Antonio Lozano and Ramón Buenaventura.