bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dielectrophoretic Spectra of Glioma U87 Cells Using a Microfluidic Gold Electrode Array
Authors: Sengul Esra , Sharbati Pouya , Islam Monsur , Korvink Jan , Elitas Meltem
Published: January 2024

Glioblastoma multiform is the most aggressive and invasive brain cancer
consisting of genetically and phenotypically altering glial cells. It
has massive heterogeneity due to its highly complex and dynamic
microenvironment. Here, we used dielectrophoresis to measuree
electrophysiological properties of glioma cells and quantified
population heterogeneity of U87 glioma cell line. We fabricated a gold
microelectrode array within a microfluidic channel and applied 3 Vpp and
100 kHz, 200 kHz, 300 kHz, 400 kHz, 500 kHz, 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 5 MHz, and 10
MHz frequencies to monitor behavior of glioma cells under the
microscope. We analyzed dielectrophoretic behavior of 500 glioma cells
using the acquired images. We revealed that U87 glioma cells has never
experienced negative dielectrophoresis and exhibited crossover frequency
around 100 kHz -150 kHz. We detected 3 distinct glioma subpopulations by
quantifying dielectrophoretic movement of the cells; 50% of the cells
experienced positive dielectrophoresis starting from 500 kHz to 10 MHz,
30% of the cells were spread in the microchannel by moderate DEP
forces, and other cells were experienced very weak DEP forces. Our
results demonstrate the dielectrophoretic spectra of U87 glioma cell
line and associates the dielectrophoretic responses of single glioma
cells to the population heterogeneity.
Finite difference spectral collocation schemes for the solutions of Bratu's problem
Authors: Adewumi Adebayo , Aderogba Adebayo
Published: January 2024

This paper is concerned with new methods based on standard and
nonstandard finite difference schemes for solving one-dimensional
Bratu’s problem numeri- cally. Using quasilinearization technique, the
original problem is converted into a sequence of linear problems.
Chebyshev polynomials are employed to ap- proximate the second order
derivative of function, y(x), after which Sumudu transform is applied to
obtain a new form of trial function and this is then substituted into a
linearized and discretized Bratu’s equation. We discuss the convergence
analysis of the methods and also compare the numerical results with
those obtained by other existing methods. The results show that the pro-
posed methods yield accurate approximations to the exact solution of
Bratu’s problem.
Analysis of finite element method in balanced norms for singularly perturbed problems with two parameters
Authors: Lv Yanhui , Zhang Jin
Published: January 2024

We consider the two-parameter singularly perturbed problems, and there
are two exponential boundary layers in its solution. The purpose of this
paper is to obtain the uniform convergence of the finite element method
under the balanced norm for this problems. For this reason, a special
balanced norm is defined so that this balanced norm can capture each
exponential layer well. Based on this, we obtain the uniform convergence
of $k$th($k\geq 1$) order finite element method with
respect to both parameters on a Shishkin mesh. Moreover, the optimal
order is proved and some discussions on this balanced norm are
presented. Finally, we give some numerical examples to verify our
theoretical results.
Adaptive event-triggered finite-time H∞ control for fuzzy semi-Markovian jump systems with immeasurable premise variables
Authors: Li Xin , Mu Xiaowu
Published: January 2024

This paper addresses the finite-time H∞ control problem of fuzzy
semi-Markovian jump systems with immeasurable premise variables by a new
observer-based adaptive event-triggered scheme. More general nonlinear
systems can be described by the fuzzy system model since the selected
premise variables are dependent on system states. Firstly, our work
relaxes the restriction of measurable premise variables of nonlinear
plant and the fuzzy observer is designed to estimate unmeasurable system
states. Then, our work proposes the new observer-based adaptive
event-triggered scheme to better save network resources, which is
verified by sufficient comparison experiments in the simulation.
Furthermore, a novel method is firstly proposed to deal with the
asynchronous problem of premise variables, i.e. the premise variables of
nonlinear plant, fuzzy observer and event-triggered controller are
asynchronous. By applying the delay system method, free-weighting matrix
approach and slack matrix variables, novel sufficient conditions are
established to guarantee the finite-time H∞ performance of the
closed-loop system, where the nonlinear terms caused by network-induced
delay and partly unknown transition rates can be tackled by suitable
method. Finally, the single-link robot arm system is presented to
demonstrate the efficiency and advantages of the proposed fuzzy control
scheme.
Left bundle branch pacing in a patient with hypertrophic myocardiopathy and complete heart block after alcohol septal ablation.
Authors: agudo Cristina aguilera , Jaén Eusebio García-Izquierdo , Dominguez Juan Francisco Oteo , Serrano Carlos Arellano , Rodríguez Fernando Domínguez , Urda Victor Castro
Published: January 2024

left bundle branch area pacing has emerged as a novel modality of
conduction system pacing which is feasible and safe, with rare
complications and a high success rate. In this article, we report the
case of a woman with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who
developed a complete heart block after an alcohol septal ablation
procedure. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of this type
of pacing in a patient. We want to show that this procedure is safe and
can be successful, as well as the possible limitations in this scenario.
Evaluation of the Effects of Apatinib on the Pharmacokinetics of Tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol
Authors: Bao Susu , Tang Peng-fei , Gao Nan-yong , Lu Xiang-ran , Ge Hong-lei , Hu Guoxin , Xiao Zhong-xiang
Published: January 2024

Since the combination of anticancer drugs and opioids is very common,
apatinib and tramadol are likely to be used in combination clinically.
Based on this, it is particularly important to explore the effect of
apatinib on the metabolism of tramadol. This study evaluated the effects
of apatinib on the pharmacokinetics of tramadol and its main metabolite
o-desmethyltramadol in SD rats and the inhibitory effects of apatinib on
tramadol in rat liver microsomes (RLMs), human liver microsomes (HLMs)
and recombinant human CYP2D6.1. The samples were determined by
ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
(UPLC-MS/MS). The in vivo results showed that compared with the control
group, apatinib increased the AUC(0-t), AUC(0-∞) and Cmax values of
tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol, and decreased the values of VZ/F and
CLz/F. In addition, the MRT(0-t), MRT(0-∞) values of O-desmethyltramadol
were increased. In vitro, apatinib inhibited the metabolism of tramadol
by a mixed way with IC50 of 1.927µM in RLMs, 2.039µM in HLMs and 15.32µM
in CYP2D6.1.
Therapeutic drug monitoring and safety evaluation of Voriconazole in the treatment of pulmonary fungal diseases
Authors: Shen Kunlu , Gu Yu , Wang Yu , Lu Yajie , Ni Yueyan , Zhong Huanhuan , Yi Shi , Su Xin
Published: January 2024

Aims: To investigate the relationship between steady-state voriconazole
trough concentration (Ctrough) and adverse effects (AEs). Methods: We
conducted a retrospective study in the Jinling Hospital from January
2015 to June 2020. A total of 140 patients receiving voriconazole were
enrolled in this study. The determination and scoring of
voriconazole-associated hepatotoxicity were performed according to the
Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method scoring scale and the severity
of hepatotoxicity was graded according to CTCAE. Results: Compared to
the group without any AEs, voriconazole Ctrough was significantly higher
in the hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity groups; however, no differences
were observed in other AEs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)
curves showed that steady-state voriconazole Ctrough >3.61
mg/L was associated with an increased incidence of hepatotoxicity
(AUC=0.645, P=0.047). Logistic regression analysis showed that timely
voriconazole dose adjustment was a predictor of attenuated
hepatotoxicity after adjustment for confounders, but hepatotoxicity was
not associated with voriconazole Ctrough measured at a single time
point. When gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) was included in the
assessment of hepatotoxicity severity, its AE was overestimated.
Steady-state voriconazole Ctrough and length of treatment were
associated with GGT elevation. Conclusions: Despite an increasing trend
of hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity with increasing steady-state
voriconazole Ctrough, it may not be sufficient for predicting the
probability of hepatotoxicity. Concomitant co-monitoring of liver
function parameters for 2 weeks after dosing may provide greater
prevention of hepatotoxic events. In patients with long-term
voriconazole usage, GGT is not a reliable indicator of hepatotoxicity,
but it can be used to assess oxidative stress levels.
Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis reveals the pathways of red light regulating soybean hypocotyl elongation and thickening
Authors: wang chang , qiu he , chen yu , xu yao , shan fuxin , li hongyu , yan chao , ma chunmei
Published: January 2024

Red light, an important light environmental signal regulating plant stem
growth and development. Using proteomics and metabolomics approaches,
this study investigated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and
differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) in soybean hypocotyls
between soybean plants under darkness and red-light conditions, which
elucidated the pathways underlying the regulatory effects of red light
on soybean hypocotyl growth. The results revealed that red light can
inhibit hypocotyl elongation and increase the hypocotyl diameter of
soybean. Red light inhibited hypocotyl elongation mainly by enhancing
the firmness of the cell wall. On the one hand, red light promoted the
expression of enzymes related to the conversion of serine and threonine
to glycine, decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen
species, and then reduced the degradation of cell wall polysaccharides.
On the other hand, by enhancing the expression of enzymes related to the
lignin monomer synthetic pathway, red light promoted the synthesis of
lignin monomers to strengthen the cell wall. Meanwhile, red light
promoted hypocotyl thickening mainly by upregulating the expression of
aminocyclopropanecarboxylate oxidase, promoting the accumulation of
ethylene precursors (S-Methyl-5’-thioadenosine and
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid), and accelerating ethylene
synthesis. This study provided a theoretical basis for using light to
regulate soybean stem growth.
Subcutaneous tissue closure technique during cesarean delivery: Don’t interrupt, better continue
Authors: Lauterbach Roy , David Chen Ben , Bachar Gal , Justman Naftali , Matanes Emad , Ginsberg Yuval , Vitner Dana , Beloosesky Ron , Weiner Zeev , Zipori Yaniv
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the rates of surgical site infections following
continuous as compared to interrupted subcutaneous tissue closure
technique ‎during cesarean delivery. Design: Retrospective study.
Setting: Tertiary, university-affiliated medical center. Population:
Term pregnant women who underwent elective or emergent cesarean delivery
at our center during the years 2008-2018. Methods: Group allocation was
based on type of subcutaneous tissue closure. The study group included
women who underwent either elective or emergent cesarean delivery with
continuous subcutaneous tissue closure, while the control group
comprised those with interrupted subcutaneous tissue closure. We
excluded women with suspected infectious morbidity prior to cesarean
delivery. Main outcome measures: Rate of surgical site infection (SSI)
comparing women who had undergone continuous as compared to interrupted
subcutaneous suturing. Results: Final analysis included 6,281 women. We
performed continuous subcutaneous tissue closure in ‎37.4%
(1,867/4,988) of scheduled cesarean deliveries, and 45.8% (592/1,293)
‎of emergent cesarean deliveries. The rate of SSI was significantly
lower following continuous as compared to interrupted subcutaneous
tissue closure, in both elective ‎(2.7% vs. 4.5%, respectively,
P=0.031) ‎and emergent cesarean delivery ‎(3.2% vs. 5.4%,
respectively, P=0.036), in nulliparous and multiparous women. Similarly,
secondary outcomes such as re-admission rates within 6 weeks due to SSI,
post-operative maternal fever, and need for antibiotic treatment were
significantly lower following continuous subcutaneous closure technique.
Conclusions: Continuous subcutaneous closure technique during cesarean
delivery yields a lower rate of surgical site infections compared to the
interrupted technique.
Latin square with $BCL$ algebras
Authors: Liu Yonghong
Published: January 2024

We offered a new method for constructing a Latin square. We introduce
the concept of a standard form via example for Latin square of order
$n$ and call it symmetric $BCL$ algebras matrix. Research shows that
some properties of the Latin squares are in
\usefont{U}{fplmbb}{m}{n}
\fontsize{9pt}{12pt}\selectfont Z_n.
QTc interval prolongation in the patients with primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Wang Zihao , Qian Rongkai , Wang Yanhua , Mo Lingfei , Ju Bomiao , Hu Nan , Wang Pei , He Lan , Wang Jing
Published: January 2024

Background: The QT interval prolongation was associated with fatal
arrhythmias and cardiac death. However, there were not adequate data to
clarify the situation of QT interval prolongation in primary biliary
cholangitis (PBC) patients. The aim of this study was to clarify the
rate and the associated risk factors of corrected QT (QTc) interval
prolongation in PBC patients. Methods: From January 2016 to December
2020, PBC patients were retrospectively enrolled. The rate of QTc
interval prolongation was surveyed and the associated risk factors were
clarified by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Among the
198 PBC patients, 25.3% (50/198) had the QTc interval prolongation. The
proportion of cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities was higher in
the patients with QTc interval prolongation compared with those without
QTc interval prolongation (12.0% vs. 6.8%), although there was no
statistic difference. The univariate analysis showed that age,
Child-Pugh classification, creatinine, international normalized ratio
(INR) and platelet (PLT) were associated with QTc interval prolongation
in the PBC patients. The multivariate analysis further showed only age
(P = 0.022) and Child-Pugh classification (P = 0.009) were the
associated risk factors. It had the highest risk of QTc interval
prolongation (as high as 60.0%) in the patients who were more than 62
years old and with Child-Pugh C. Conclusion: The QTc interval
prolongation was frequent in PBC patients, especially in those more than
62 years old and with Child-Pugh C.
Electronic structure, NLO, Electronic absorption spectra, NBO, Fukui functions, MEP and Solvent effect studies on 3-amino-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile and its derivatives
Authors: Moussa Abdelrahim , Moustafa Hussein , elshakre mohamed
Published: January 2024

In the present work, the optimized geometry of
3-amino-1-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile and its
derivatives was carried out by using the DFT/B3LYP method with
6-311++G(d,p) basis set. Using EHOMO and ELUMO energies of the studied
compounds can be used to calculate the global reactivity descriptors:
electronegativity (X), chemical potential (μ), and global hardness (Ƞ).
The TD-DFT calculations were carried out using B3LYP with 6-311++G(d,p)
basis set to determine the maximum absorption wavelengths of the UV-Vis
spectra for the studied compounds which have been compared with the
experimental values. Increasing polarity from non-polar to polar
solvents, the solvent effect is investigated experimentally and
theoretically and a blue shift is discerned. The hyper conjugative
interaction energy E(2) and electron densities of donor (i) and acceptor
(j) bonds were calculated using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis.
Besides non-linear optic properties (NLO), Fukui Function analysis and
molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were also computed, which helps
to identifying the electrophilic/nucleophilic nature. In this work,
theoretical values show good agreement with experimental values.
Neonatal cyanosis with Hb St Mandé, a low O2 affinity hemoglobin variant affecting β-globin
Authors: Millet Alix , Moutereau Stephane , Durandy Amélie , Boileau Pascal , Galacteros Frédéric , Motte-Signoret Emmanuelle
Published: January 2024

Neonates have never been reported to be symptomatic when affected with a
low affinity β-globin variants. We describe here an isolated cyanosis in
a full-term neonate who inherited Hb Saint Mandé variant from his
father. He exhibited a low oxygen saturation with no sign of pulmonary
disease since birth. The risk for the hemoglobinopathy was known but the
medical staff initially supposed that there was no reason for clinical
impact because of high proportion of HbF. Pediatricians may be aware of
the possibility of such conditions to avoid unnecessary investigations
and treatment, even in the first days of life.
Numerical Analysis of Stochastic SIRS Model Population Transfer from Infectious class to Susceptible class with Saturated Incidence Rate
Authors: Khan Sami Ullah , Khan Farman Ullah
Published: January 2024

In this article, stochastic SIRS model is formulated with saturated
incidence rate. Stochastic effects of special transfer from infectious
to susceptible and the spread of infectious disease are confabulated.
The fringe dynamic is analyzed in case of imaginably limited noise. The
loud noise would spectacle the elimination of disease, which would
restraint transmission of the disease. We also analyzed the stability of
the endemic equilibrium with delay and observed that under some
condition on delay, it is stable. Deterministic and stochastic SIRS both
models are discussed in this study. The Legendre polynomials are used to
convert the stochastic delayed SIRS model to a nonlinear algebraic
system, which is solvable using Legendre spectral collocation method.
Finally, we have proposed a test sample of stochastic delayed SIRS model
to establish our mathematical conclusions.
Outcomes of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with the modified St Jude Total Therapy XV Protocol: a single-center experience in Turkey
Authors: Yilmaz Baris , Koc Ahmet , Dogru Omer , senay emel , Tas Burcu Tufan
Published: January 2024

Background When developed countries are considered; in the treatment of
childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the survival rate has
reached 90% in recent years. We aimed to examine the survival rate and
the factors that may affect this rate, especially in our patients
treated with the ST Jude Total Therapy XV protocol. Procedures Pediatric
patients aged 1-18 years, who were treated at our hospital and completed
their treatment between January 2011 and December 2018, and only pre-B
and T-cell leukemias treated with the St Jude Total Therapy XV protocol
were included in the study. Results The 5-year event-free survival (EFS)
and overall survival (OS) were 78.3% and 80%. We observed that some
factors that affect survival, such as gender, blastic type, risk group,
and number of WBCs, did not affect survival in our study. Even though it
is known that the female gender has better EFS, in our study, the
survival of girls was found to be lower than boys. Tragically, we
observed that the most common cause of death (20/23, 87%) was infection
and infection-related causes. Conclusions The primary purpose of the St
Jude Total XV treatment protocol is to monitor minimal residual disease
(MRD) and to guide treatment according to MRD results. It is also the
removal of radiotherapy from treatment protocols by adding additional
intra-thecal treatments (ITT). However, unfortunately, if we cannot
protect our patients from infection and other related factors, the
factors that make a difference in treatment become meaningless.
Exploring the diagnostic performance of MRI in the US-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for abdominal wall endometriosis
Authors: Hu Shangying , Xiao Zhibo
Published: January 2024

This study is to explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) in the diagnose and the treatment of abdominal wall
endometriosis (AWE) with US-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound
(USg-HIFU). MRI was performed before and after the USg-HIFU treatment.
The information about the clinical characteristics of patients, the
characteristics of lesions revealed by MRI, and the outcomes of
treatments were collected. We compared results from MRI and color
Doppler ultrasound before surgery, as well as the volume and the
apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the lesions before and
after USg-HIFU treatment. Thirty lesions in 29 patients were examined.
The locations of the 30 AWE lesions were identified by MRI. Their sizes
appeared larger in MRI results than that of ultrasound, which had a
significant difference (P < 0.05). A total of 27 lesions were
evaluated by MRI after USg-HIFU treatment, from which 92.6% (25/27)
lesions were of high or slightly high signal on T1-weighted images. They
showed annular enhancement and no contrast agent perfusion in the middle
of the lesion on post-contrast images, which obviously differ from that
in pre-operation. The other two lesions showed iso-intense signal on
T1WI with significant enhancement. The mean ADC value of AWE lesions
were (1.46±0.30) x10-3 mm2/s and (1.87±0.37) x10-3 mm2/s for pre- and
post-HIFU treatment (P < 0.05). MRI is a useful tool for
demonstrating the location, size, and concurrent changes of AWE before
and after USg-HIFU treatment, which is beneficial for follow-up
monitoring or treatments.
CLIMACTERIC SYNDROME, QUALITY OF LIFE, ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION DISORDERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF RIO DE JANEIRO’S PRIMARY HEALTHCARE SETTING
Authors: Balbino Fabiana , Moraes Cláudia , Messias Cláudia , Machado Christiano
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the intensity of climacteric symptoms and
possible associations with sociodemographic variables, anxiety,
depression, and quality of life in women between 40 and 65 years old who
sought attendance in a primary health care setting in the city of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: An observational
cross-sectional study. Setting: a municipal health care facility (MHF)
in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sample: 138 women (age = 51.4 ± 7.1 years
old) seeking health services from June to August 2020. Methods: A
cross-sectional approach was developed using self-reported
questionnaires. Main outcome measures: Sociodemographic and economic
aspects, the Blatt and Kupperman Menopausal Index (BKMI), the
WHOQOL-BREF for quality of life, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression
Scale (HADS). Results: Ninety-six percent of the women had moderate to
accentuated climacteric symptoms. Women with severe menopausal symptoms
tended to have higher HADS scores (p < 0.05). There was a
significant association between BKMI scores and education levels (p =
0.04). All illiterate women had moderate or severe climacteric symptoms.
Proportionately, women who have completed high school had less marked
intensity than those with moderate schooling. Moreover, most women with
severe or moderate climacteric intensity levels presented “highly
likely” incidence of anxiety. Conclusions: This is the first report to
highlight climacteric and menopausal effects on women’s health status
during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is an aggravating factor for the
emergence of emotional changes resulting from sanitation, social
isolation, and socioeconomic uncertainties.
A metallic foreign body penetrated into heart with an unusual route.
Authors: Zeng Hui , Meng Yuanli , Wang Qi , Hua Ping
Published: January 2024

The timing of diagnosis since the injury was important for the
decision-making. Foreign bodies in the heart which has been diagnosed
early, should be treated surgically, regardless of the presence of
symptoms, to reduce further myocardial damage. We timely diagnosed this
patient with a foreign body in the heart after an unusual injury through
computerized tomography and echocardiography. The metallic foreign body
was successfully removed in time, avoiding serious complications.
Pediatric Acquired Factor VIII Deficiency Presenting as Hemarthrosis
Authors: Daigh Leighton , Chien May , Lo Clara
Published: January 2024

Acquired hemophilia A is a rare condition characterized by de novo
development of a coagulation factor VIII inhibitor. Inhibition of factor
VIII activity results in increased susceptibility to bleeding events,
most frequently mucosal or soft tissue bleeding. We report two cases of
acquired hemophilia A in previously healthy pediatric patients. Notably,
both patients presented with hemarthrosis as the sentinel bleeding
event. In both cases, administration of immunosuppressive therapy was
associated with inhibitor loss and patient cure. These cases emphasize
the importance of considering acquired hemophilia A in pediatric
patients presenting with acute onset hemarthrosis.
Comparison between diagnostic performance of intestinal Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli in 5-fluorouracil resistance to colorectal cancer: A Meta‑Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuhang , wang wenyu , Zhou Hang , Wang Zhi , Cui Yi Min
Published: January 2024

Background: Intestinal Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) infection
has been implicated into the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).
However, F. nucleatum as a biomarker in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance
of CRC has not been fully analyzed by comparing with other types of gut
microbiota. This meta‑analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic
performance of intestinal Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis
and Escherichia coli in 5-FU resistance to colorectal cancer and provide
evidence‑based data to clinical practice. Methods: Comprehensive
searches of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science
databases were conducted by the following key words: “Fusobacterium
nucleatum”, “5-Fluorouracil resistance”, “Bacteroides fragilis”,
“Escherichia coli” and “colorectal cancer(s)”. A total of 11 studies
were selected according to the preestablished inclusion and exclusion
criteria and analyzed by Review Manager 5.4 software. The sensitivity,
specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio
(NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and their corresponding 95%
confidence interval (CI) of each eligible study were summarized.
Results: Overall sensitivity and specificity of F. nucleatum detection
in 5-FU resistance of CRC were 0.65 (95% CI:0.60-0.69) and 0.70 (95%
CI:0.59-0.87), respectively. Its PLR and NLR in detecting colorectal
cancer were 2.57 (95% CI:1.47-3.21) and 0.52 (95% CI:0.43-0.63). DOR
value was 4.92 (95% CI:2.23-7.33), which significantly exceeds the
performance of B. fragilis (DOR: 0.53, 95% CI:0.31-0.82) and E. coli
(DOR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.57-0.76) for indicating 5-FU resistance of CRC.
Conclusion: Compared with B. fragilis and E. coli, intestinal F.
nucleatum is a valuable biomarker for 5-FU resistance to colorectal
cancer.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of the Tibetan fox (Vuples ferrilata) shows signatures of adaption to the harsh environmental stresses of the plateau
Authors: Lyu Tianshu , Wei Qinguo , Wang Lidong , Zhou Shengyang , Shi Lupeng , Dong Yuehuan , Dou Huashan , Sha Weilai , Ga Ta , Zhang Honghai
Published: January 2024

The Tibetan fox (Vulpes ferrilata) belongs to Canidae of Carnivorous
Order and is one of the unique species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
However, the molecular mechanism of its adaptation to high altitude is
still unclear. Here, we applied Oxford Nanopore sequencing and Hi-C
technology to assemble the chromosome-level draft genome of V.
ferrilata. A 2.38-Gb genome with an N50 length of 133.96 Mb was
obtained. The proportion of repeated sequences is 33.77%. The 157
contigs were further assembled into 18 chromosomes with a sequence
length of 2378.42 Mb, accounting for 99.95% of the total length.
Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Tibetan fox formed a clade with
the red fox, with an estimated divergence time of 3.27 MYA. However, the
significantly over-represented pathways and significantly enriched
GO-terms of expanded gene families in V. ferrilata genome were mainly
related to hypoxia response and energy metabolism, which indicated a
mechanism strategy of V. ferrilata for high-altitude adaption.
Furthermore, the selection signature analysis identified genes
associated with oxygen transport, DNA damage and repair, and
angiogenesis in V. ferrilata when compared with the other relative
species. The construction of the genome of V. ferrilata provided
valuable information for the further genetic mechanism analysis of
important biological processes and will facilitate the research of
genetic changes during evolution.
Notes on curves at a constant distance from a curve in Galilean 3-space ^3
Authors: çakmak ali , Kızıltuğ Sezai , MUMCU Gokhan
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we define the curve = + at a constant distance from the
edge of regression on a curve () with arc length parameter in Galilean
3-space. Here, is a non-isotropic or isotropic vector defined as a
vector tightly fastened to the Frenet trihedron of () in ^3. We build
Frenet frame {_,_,_} of the obtained curve _ and give the
properties related to the curvatures of the curve _. Also, we discuss
ruled surfaces of type generated via and which is defined as a tangent
of _ in ^3. We provide examples and visuals to back up our research.
Arsenic trioxide ameliorates atherosclerosis by inhibiting CD36-induced endocytosis and TLR4/NF-κB-induced inflammation in macrophage and ApoE-/- mice
Authors: Zou Xiaoyi , Li Zhaoying , Wan Xin , Sun Song , Wang Shanjie , Qu nan , Zhang Yun , Yang Liming , Fang Shaohong
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose Inflammation and lipid accumulation are key
events in atherosclerosis progression. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been
reported to prevent vascular restenosis by promoting smooth muscle
apoptosis and rapid initialization. However, its specific role and
mechanism underlying its role in atherosclerosis remain unknown. Herein,
we evaluated whether ATO suppresses atherosclerotic plaque development
and instability. Experimental Approach ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat
diet for 3 months and treated with ATO every alternate day for 30 days.
The carotid artery and serum samples were collected to determine
atherosclerotic lesion size, histological features, and related protein
and lipid profiles. In vitro, RAW264.7 or THP-1 cells were stimulated
using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) or LPS to explore the
anti-inflammatory and anti-pyroptosis effects of ATO. Key Results ATO
reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation and plasma lipid levels in
ApoE-/- mice. Additionally, it reduced the levels of various
pro-inflammatory factors, including IL-6 and TNFα, in the serum and
aortic plaques, but increased the IL-10 level. Mechanistically, ATO
promotes the CD36-mediated internalization of ox-LDL, which may explain
the reduction in blood lipid levels. Further, ATO reduced TLR4
expression in plaques and macrophages and inhibited LPS-induced p65
nuclear translocation and IκB-α degradation. Conclusion and Implications
ATO has the potential atheroprotective effects, especially in
macrophages. The mechanisms include inhibition of CD36-mediated foam
cell formation, inflammatory responses, and pyroptosis via the
suppression of TLR4/NF-κB and NLRP3 activation. Our findings provide
evidence for the potential atheroprotective value of ATO.
A non-retinol RAR-γ selective agonist-tectorigenin can effectively inhibit the UV-induced skin damage
Authors: Liu Hui-Juan , Dai Xintong , Jin Jing , Jia Yan , Yang Kai , Han Jingxia , Zhang Zhiyuan , Ding Xiujuan , Yao Cheng , Sun Tao , Zhu Caibin
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Long-term Ultraviolet (UV) exposure can cause
inflammation, pigmentation, and photoaging damage.Retinoic acid drugs
are commonly used RAR agonists in the clinical treatment of UV-induced
skin problems, but the use of such drugs is often accompanied by some
systemic adverse reactions caused by nonspecific activation of RARs.
Therefore, this study is expected to screen a novel RAR-γ selective
agonist with high safety Experimental Approach: Molecular docking,
dynamic simulation and Biacore were used to screen and obtain a novel
RAR- γ selective agonists. RT‐PCR , ELISA, western blot,
immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and proteome analysis were
used to detect the effects of novel RAR-γ selective agonists on
UV-induced inflammation and photoaging cell model. UV-induced mouse
models and volunteer skin tests were used to evaluate the effects of TEC
on skin repair, aging and inflammation. Key Results: TEC is a novel
RAR-γ selective agonist. TEC can inhibit UV-induced oxidative damage,
inflammatory factor release, and MMPs production. TEC can also reverse
the loss of collagen induced by UV. The results of signaling pathway
research showed that TEC mainly affect the MAPK/JNK/AP-1 pathway.
Nanoparticle-loaded TEC, which significantly improved the effect of TEC,
was also presented. TEC can reduce inflammation areas and facial
wrinkles and caused less skin irritation than tretinoid (TRE).
Conclusions and Implications: TEC is a non-retinol RAR-γ selective
agonist, which can inhibit UV-induced skin damage and may be developed
as a safe pharmaceutical component for the prevention of photoaging and
skin inflammation.
The role of melatonin in epigenetic regulation of various diseases.
Authors: Monayo Seth , Liu Xin , Zhang Yong , Yang Baofeng
Published: January 2024

The rise in epigenetic studies and its modifications, i.e., heritable
alterations in gene expression without changes in DNA sequences, have
now been confirmed in diseases. Modifications such as posttranslational
histone modifications, DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs in the recent
past have led to better understanding of the coaction between epigenetic
alterations and human pathologies. Melatonin is a widely-produced
indoleamine regulator molecule that influences numerous biological
functions within many cell-types. With regard to its broad spectrum of
actions, melatonin should be investigated much more with respect to its
contribution in the upstream and downstream mechanistic regulation of
epigenetic modifications in diseases. This review outlines the findings
on melatonin’s action on epigenetic regulation in human diseases
including neurodegenerative disease, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular
diseases. It summarizes the ability of melatonin to act on molecules
such as proteins and transcriptional factors which affects the
development and progression of diseases.
A Neanderthal Extinction Hypothesis: Birth Complications due to Megaloencephaly
Authors: Bilge Ugur , Olgan Safak , Ciplak Battal , Ozbek Metin , Uysal Hilmi
Published: January 2024

Homo neanderthalensis is the closest relative to Homo sapiens in the
tree of human evolution. It is estimated that the Neanderthals became
extinct around 30 thousand years ago. Several hypotheses have been put
forward to explain this extinction. Larger brains hence larger heads
were favoured by evolution among the Hominids for over two million years
but stopped being an advantage due to trade-offs between bipedal
walking, larger brains and birth. Our hypothesis states that H.
neanderthalensis became extinct as a result of their larger head
circumference, compared with H. sapiens, leading to birth complications.
We use population dynamics to demonstrate that a small difference in the
rate of mortality during birth can cause extinction of one population.
We simulate two populations with an Agent Based Simulation technique to
show that in the case of interbreeding between two populations,
unexpected results can emerge depending on random events in simulations.
We demonstrate that sharing the same habitat with capacity constraints
over thousands of years, with a relatively higher death rate during
birth could be the main cause of the slow decline in the H.
neanderthalensis population, and its eventual extinction.
Evaluation of safety concerns for COVID-19 immunization of pregnant women: A systematic review of emerging evidence
Authors: Krishna Hare , Motwani Rohini , Kumari Chiman , Sahni Chetan , Ananat Monika , Mishra Abhishek , Kulandhasamy Maheswari , Rana Kavita , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: January 2024

Background: There is an urgent need to review the status of COVID-19
vaccine immunization in pregnant women globally so that the adverse
outcomes may be prevented. Objective: To evaluate the probable outcome
of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women. Search strategy: An
electronic search was conducted over the period of 3 months (June
15-August 15, 2021). Selection criteria: The original studies evaluating
safety concerns in pregnant women for COVID-19 vaccination were
included. Data collection and analysis: Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 guidelines were used
for the collection of the data and reporting of the findings. The
inclusion and exclusion criteria for the studies were determined based
on ‘PICO principle’ (Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome,
Study design. Risk of bias assessment was done using National Institute
of Health (NIH) tool for systematic reviews. Main results: COVID-19
vaccination in pregnant women was not associated with increased adverse
effects or complications to the mother as well as developing fetus or
newborn compared to non-vaccinated pregnant women. Vaccinated pregnant
women showed a robust immune response against COVID-19 infection.
Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy causes no significant
health risks for the mother or developing fetus or newborn.
Effects of self-prone positioning method on oxygen saturation and incidence of intubation in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Wall Joyce , Mallipudi Rajiv , Burch Erin , Winterbottom Christopher , Gregg Shea
Published: January 2024

Study Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects
of self-prone positioning on oxygenation in COVID-19 positive patients
utilizing supplemental oxygen and incidence of intubation. Method: A
one-year observational cohort pilot study at a major inner-city hospital
to evaluate self-proning on independent COVID-19 positive patients.
Qualified patients 18 years of age or older were recruited based on
inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection included vital signs
and timing for body position changes, and results were analyzed using
descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Between April 2020 and
May 2021, 93 COVID-19 enrolled patients engaged in stomach or lateral
self-prone positioning. Eighty-four percent (n=78) of the population did
not require intubation, whereas 16% (n=15) were intubated during their
hospital stay. SpO2 means were determined for each population and prone
position: Non-intubated (stomach) - before proning 93% (IQR 4) and
during proning 95% (IQR 3); (lateral) before proning 92% (IQR 4) and
during proning 93% (IQR 4). Intubated (stomach) - before proning 90%
(IQR 7) and during proning 95% (IQR 4); (lateral) before proning 92%
(IQR 5) and during proning 95% (IQR 5). Stomach proning significantly
increased oxygenation in the non-intubated (p <0.001) and
intubated (p 0.017) populations. Lateral proning significantly improved
oxygenation in the intubated population (p 0.002). Conclusion:
Self-proning in the independent COVID-19 positive patient on
supplemental oxygen was effective in improving SpO2 levels short-term.
Further controlled trial studies will elucidate the duration of proning
effects and reinforce its use as a noninvasive rescue intervention to
prevent intubation.
Medical Comorbidities as Predictors of COVID-19 Short-Term Mortality: A Historical Cohort Study
Authors: Pinzon Rizaldy , Veronica Vanessa
Published: January 2024

Background: While the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is most
commonly associated with the respiratory system, disorders in other
organ systems, such as the cardiovascular, neurologic, or renal, can
also contribute to disease fatality. This study aimed to evaluate the
relation of comorbidities to COVID-19 short-term mortality. Method: This
was a single-center observational study with a historical cohort method
at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. COVID-19 diagnosis was made
by utilizing reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on
nasopharyngeal swabs. Patient data were retrieved from electronic
medical records and used for Charlson Comorbidity Index assessments.
In-hospital mortality was monitored throughout their hospital stay.
Results: This study enrolled 333 patients. According to the total number
of comorbidities in Charlson, 11.7% (n=39) of patients had no
comorbidities; 30.9% (n=103) of patients had one comorbidity; 20.1%
(n=67) of patients had two comorbidities; and 37.2% (n=124) of patients
had more than three comorbidities. In multivariate analysis, these
variables were significantly related to short-term mortality in COVID-19
patients: older age (odds ratio [OR] per year 1.64; 95% confidence
interval [CI] 1.23-2.19; p 0.001), myocardial infarction (OR 3.57 ;
95% CI 1.49-8.56; p: 0.004), diabetes mellitus (OR 2.41; 95 CI
1.17-4.97; p: 0.017), renal disease (OR 5.18 ; 95% CI 2.07-12.97; p
<0.001), and longer duration of stay (OR 1.20; 95% CI
1.08-1.32; p <0.001). Conclusion: Our study revealed multiple
risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID-19. The coexistence of
cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and renal problem are significant
predictors of short-term mortality in COVID-19 patients.
CO2 supply-demand coordination in photosynthesis when Rubisco and RuBP regeneration are co-limiting: supply & demand functions from Laisk dataset
Authors: Wang Lei , Dang Qing-Lai
Published: January 2024

● Laisk method uses truncated A/Ci curves (demand function, DF) to
estimate Ci* and Rd. In Laisk dataset, the Ca-Ci relationship reflects
the supply function (SF), and points (Ci, A) for the same Ca can be
fitted to a regression line (referred to Supply and Demand Function,
DSF). ● The application of DSF to estimating Ci* and Rd by Laisk method
and the relationship between DSF slope (dsf) and gs, and photosynthetic
parameters were investigated in this study. ● Results showed that dsf
was not affected by Laisk measurement conditions (PAR or Ca), while, it
was inversely related to gs, apparent carboxylation efficiency (ACE) and
apparent quantum yield (AQY). The dsf was essentially the slope of a
light response curve (△A/△Ci-lrc) at low Ci. We devised an auxiliary
line vertical to DSF and used it to improve the stability of Ci* and Rd
estimates from Laisk data set for. ● We found that DSF slope was
species-specific and independent of PAR and Ca. The dsf related CO2
diffusion to biochemical characteristics and represents the coordination
between the two when Rubisco and RuBP regeneration co-limit
photosynthesis. In conclusion, dsf can be used to describe the intrinsic
characteristics of photosynthesis.
Gender Disparity in Medicine and Where Are We Now in Emergency Medicine?
Authors: Atis Seref Emre , Bozan Oner , Bildik Büşra , Çekmen Bora , Mıstık Yusuf
Published: January 2024

Aim: Studies show that although the presence of women in the medical
field has risen, there is lesser representation of women within
editorial boards of journals. In our study, we aimed to investigate
whether gender disparity exists within the editors and editorial board
members of medical journals, especially in those related to emergency
medicine. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, we searched
medical journals using the Scimago Journal/Country Rank journal system
for comparison. The web sites of the journals included in the study were
searched, and gender data of the editor and editorial board, associate
editors, consultant editors, and section editors for each journal were
obtained. Results: The total number of journals examined in this study
was 276. Ten journals from each of the different branches of medicine
were included. There were 26 journals from Emergency Medicine journals.
The median percentage of female editorial board members (20.8%;
50–100) was lower in emergency medicine journals compared to other
branches of medicine (31%; 0–100) (p<0.001). The median
percentage of female editorial board members and editors was also lower
in emergency medicine field (20.6%; 0–50) (p<0.001) than
other branches of medicine. The percentage of female editorial board
members of emergency medicine journals was 19.5% with the third lowest
ranking among 26 branches. When both the editors and editorial board
members were considered, the highest female percentage was found in
pediatrics (50.7%) followed by geriatric medicine (43.4%). Conclusion:
There is a significant gender disparity within editors and editorial
board members in emergency medicine journals. The proportion of women
within the editorial board was found to be lower in emergency medicine
journals among all the journals included in the study.
SAH and inflammation: Inflammatory Mechanisms after SAH (EBI and or Vasospasm)
Authors: SUN XINGANG , GODJE IVAN STEVE GODJE , HU HUIYU , CHU XUEHONG , ZHU LIJUAN
Published: January 2024

Despite breakthroughs in care and treatment, the consequences of a
subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are still associated with morbidity and
mortality. Early brain injury is still a major source of clinical
deterioration in people with SAH. When a patient suffers a SAH, they are
more likely to develop long-term neurological problems, which can be
life-threatening. According to recent research, the management and
remission of SAH are dependent on inflammatory mechanisms. The
development of problems after SAH has recently been linked to
inflammation. Many investigations have failed to show how inflammatory
mechanisms affect SAH patients’ prognosis and outcome. SAH procedures
and management will be improved by better understanding the various
inflammatory pathways that occur after SAH. It was the goal of this
review to outline some of the most important inflammatory pathways that
emerge after SAH and to provide a general understanding of SAH.
Analysis of two any order spectral volume methods for 1-D linear hyperbolic equations with degenerate variable coefficients
Authors: Xu Minqiang , Yuan Yanting , Cao Waixiang , Zou Qingsong
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we analyze two classes of spectral volume (SV) methods
for one-dimensional hyperbolic equations with degenerate variable
coefficients. The two classes of SV methods are constructed by letting a
piecewise $k$-th order ($k\ge 1$ is an arbitrary
integer) polynomial to satisfy the conservation law in each
{\it control volume}, which is obtained by refining
spectral volumes (SV) of the underlying mesh with $k$ Gauss-Legendre
points (LSV) or Radaus points (RSV) in each SV. The $L^2$-norm
stability and optimal order convergence properties for both methods are
rigorously proved for general non-uniform meshes. Surprisingly, we
discover some very interesting superconvergence phenomena : at some
special points, the SV flux function approximates the exact flux with
$(k+2)$-th order and the SV solution itself approximates the exact
solution with $(k+\frac32)$-th order; some
superconvergence behaviors for element averages errors have been also
discovered. Moreover, these superconvergence phenomena are rigorously
proved by using the so-called {\it correction function}
method. Our theoretical findings are verified by several numerical
experiments.
Title: Indirect Coombs Test positive does not always mean Rh positive blood antigen: An Unusual Case Report
Authors: Pahwa Bhavya , pahwa sangeeta , kamal preet
Published: January 2024

We report an unusual case of Rh negative baby born to Rh positive father
and Rh negative mother with severely high titres (1:256) on ICT despite
the absence of any prior exposure.Throughout the gestation period, MCA
fetal doppler findings were normal non suggestive of any complications
in the fetus.