bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-COVID-19 Outbreak of Severe Kawasaki-like Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Shakeel Sadia , Ahmad Hassali Mohamed Azmi
Published: February 2021

With the continuation of the second wave of a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is likely to be even more devastating, there are several associated health problems. COVID-19 is usually mild and non-fatal in children. However, in rare cases, children could severely be affected, and clinical manifestations may differ from adults. A multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but serious complication associated with COVID-19, initiated by an overactive immune response in kids that usually hits weeks after exposure to the COVID-19. MIS-C is a disorder in which inflammation could occur in different parts of the body. The disease puts pressure on the heart, as blood vessels leading towards the heart get inflamed and incapable of carrying adequate blood, hence producing cardiac complications in children hospitalised with MIS-C. The problem seems to be associated with COVID-19 in children; however, the association between MIS-C and COVID-19 is still unidentified. There is very little understanding of what triggers the MIS-C, which necessitates a rigorous mapping of the disease and associated risk elements for better disease management and navigating through this crisis.
Cocktail Protocol for Preparation of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Glue for Autologous Use
Authors: Chenna Deepika , Shastry Shamee , Das Soumya
Published: February 2021

Background: Biomaterials containing platelets have been used to promote healing of ulcers and burns, as well as in implantology and maxillofacial and plastic surgery to achieve wound healing and tissue repair. Commercial devices to prepare autologous biomaterials involve diverse preparation methods that can have high production costs and low yields. Hence, we designed a protocol for preparation of large amounts of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) glue using conventional processing techniques for blood components.
Methods: Autologous whole blood collected 72 h before surgery was processed to prepare platelet concentrates and cryoprecipitate. In a closed system, calcium was added to the cryoprecipitate to release autologous thrombin and generate a firm fibrin clot. The fibrin clot, platelets and calcium were then placed in a conical flask in which a PRF glue formed. The protocol was validated through determination of pre- and post-platelet counts and fibrinogen amounts in the product.
Results: Platelets were recovered with 68% efficiency during the preparation. Essentially no platelets or fibrinogen were found in the supernatant of the PRF glue, suggesting that nearly all had been incorporated in a PRF glue having a relatively large (8 cm × 10 cm) size.
Conclusion: The protocol described here is a cost-effective, simple and closed system that can be used to produce large-size PRF glue to promote repair of major surgical defects.
Accuracy of Computed Tomography Attenuation Value of Lumbar Vertebra to Assess Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Chia Kok King , Haron Juhara , Nik Malek Nik Fatimah Salwati
Published: February 2021

Background: Computed tomography (CT) attenuation (Hounsfield unit [HU]) value of lumbar vertebra may provide an alternative method in the detection of osteoporosis during CT scans.
Methods: A cross-sectional study on 50 patients of age 50 and above with contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was conducted from November 2018 to November 2019. Single region of interest (ROI) was placed at the anterior trabecular part of L1 vertebra on CECT to obtain HU value. Correlation of CT HU value of L1 vertebra and DXA T-score, interrater reliability agreement between HU value of L1 vertebra and T-score in determining groups of with and without osteoporosis, ROC curve analysis for diagnostic accuracy and cut-off value of CT for detection of osteoporosis were identified.
Results: Significant correlation between HU value of L1 vertebra and L1 T-score (r = 0.683)/lowest skeletal T-score (r = 0.703) (P < 0.001). Substantial agreement between HU value of L1 vertebra and DXA in determining the groups with and without osteoporosis (k = 0.8; P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.00) using HU value (P < 0.001). Cut-off value for osteoporosis was 149 HU.
Conclusion: HU value of lumbar vertebra is an effective alternative for the detection of osteoporosis with high diagnostic accuracy in hospitals without DXA facility.
The Incidence of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Pahang State of Malaysia from 2012 to 2017
Authors: Ahmad Azmir , Mohd Yassin Wardah , A Rahman Nor Azlina , Leman Wan Ishlah , Rosla Luqman , Paul Mark , Syed Yussof Sharifah Nor Ezura , Mohamed@Awang Kamariah , Abdullah Kahairi , Kader Mohd Arifin
Published: February 2021

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the fifth most common cancer among Malaysians. While several studies have reported the trend of NPC in other states in Malaysia, no studies have reported the trend of NPC in Pahang state. This study was designed to report the number and distribution of newly diagnosed NPC cases in Pahang.
Methods: NPC cases that were diagnosed between 2012 and 2017 in two referral hospitals in Pahang were traced. The crude incidence rate (CR) and age-standardised rate (ASR) were calculated to investigate the NPC incidence.
Results: There were 143 new cases of NPC reported from the two hospitals. The mean age at diagnosis was 52.0 ± 13.7 years old. The majority of cases involved males (74.1%) with a male to female ratio of 2.9:1. Chinese males were found to have the highest incidence with a mean ASR of 4.7 per 100,000 population. Overall, the mean ASR for Pahang was 2.4 per 100,000 population for males and 0.9 per 100,000 population for females.
Conclusion: The total number of NPC cases reveals an increasing trend from 2012 to 2014 and then a slightly decreasing trend from 2015 to 2017. The incidence of NPC in Pahang was intermediate in males and low in females.
Applying primary data from permanent stations for geodynamic zoning
Authors:   Institute of Mining UB RAS, Panzhin Andrei , Panzhina Nataliia ,   Institute of Mining UB RAS
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The article focuses on present-day geodynamic motion in order to carry out geodynamic zoning of territories. Geodynamic monitoring may be both regional, for instance, of the Russian Federation, Ural region, geological rock mass, and it may also be local, i.e. covering a deposit and enclosing rock mass. Permanent stations of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been used as a source of data for deformation monitoring. Methodology included the method of visualizing geodynamic motions according to the results of cyclic geodetic measurements which makes it possible to single out active geological structures, blocks, and tectonic faults on reasonable grounds. Results. It has been shown that it is advisable to use not modules of observation station displacement vector values but their velocities reduced to an annual cycle as a key source of information on geodynamic motion at large spatial-temporal bases. It has been indicated that an important characteristic of geodynamic motion vector field is divergence which characterizes the degree of convergence or divergence of a vector flux. Summary. Basic theses have been identified of the method of present-day geodynamic motions monitoring and visualization in the form of a vector field according to the results of cyclic geodetic measurements. Based on experimental data, it has been determined that the present-day geodynamic motion is vortical being the indicator of active tectonic faulting.
Natural radioactivity of coal in the context of radioecological safety and rational use
Authors:   Karaganda State Technical University, Pak Iurii , Pak Dmitrii ,   Karaganda State Technical University, Nuguzhinov Zhmagul ,   Karaganda State Technical University, Tebaeva Anar ,   Karaganda State Technical University
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Environmental contamination with natural radioactive elements is an urgent ecological problem of the coal industry. Radiation hazard associated with natural radionuclides in coals and enclosing rock is a poorly studied problem requiring special attention. Radionuclides and their combustion products in coals, i. e. ash and slag waste and gas aerosol emissions, released into the biosphere, become the sources of pollution. Radiation monitoring is required in the course of geological prospecting, deposits development and rational use. The research aims to systematize research and analytical material on specific radioactivity of coal and their combustion products, and update the problem of radioecological safety monitoring. Methodology includes studying data on specific radioactivity of coal at various deposits, studying natural radioactivity of coal, enclosing rock and ash and slag waste, describing ash and slag waste and radon as a source of radioactive contamination, assessing potential radon hazard of mine workings, and analyzing ash composition characteristics for toxicologic estimation of ash dumps and their effect on the environment. Results. Generalized data on radionuclide concentration in coal burned at the CHP facilities, slag and fly ash are presented. Radionuclide specific concentration is much higher in ash and slag waste of coal heat power industry than in initial coal. It is caused by the radionuclide concentration in the products of coal combustion. Potential hazard of radon released from rock is revealed, and ash composition is characterised for toxicologic estimation of ash dumps. Conclusions. Uncontrolled coal combustion exacerbates the problem of radioecological safety due to radioactive aerosol emission and the formation of ash and slag waste with increased concentration of natural radionuclides. System monitoring of radioactivity level in the course of geological prospecting, mining, processing and combustion will allow reducing radionuclides entering the fuel cycle and environment.
The Impact of Customer Satisfaction with EWOM and Brand Equity on E-Commerce Purchase Intention in Indonesia Moderated by Culture
Authors: Febrian Angga , Fadly Muhtad
Published: February 2021

The digital era, which increasingly becomes massive in people's lives, impacts the traditional sales methods. E-commerce companies compete in winning the competition to create superior customer value. An effective and efficient marketing strategy is needed that can influence customer purchase intention. The research focused on the effect of customer satisfaction, which created eWOM and increased brand equity on purchase intention by adding culture (collectivist culture) as the moderator variables. The research used a quantitative approach. The data were obtained from 280 respondents selected by non-probability sampling. Respondents were customers who had already bought products through e-commerce in Indonesia. The questionnaire instrument was adopted based on theories from the previous researchers. The data used the Likert scale and were analyzed using the SmartPLS 3.0. The results state a significant relationship between the independent and dependent variables. All independent variables have a significant influence on the dependent variable. However, culture as the moderator variable cannot get significant results in the relationship between all the variables. It gets irrelevant results. Hence, the results show that the moderator variable is more appropriate as the independent variable. It can directly affect purchase intention. The research contributes to testing culture as the moderator variable that makes the independent variables generalize the findings.
The Determinant Factors in Using E-Samsat Services on Motorized Vehicle Tax Payment in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ambarwati Rita , Astuti Mudji , Dijaya Rohman , Idamayanti Retna Fetty
Published: February 2021

E-Samsat offers the service regarding motorized vehicle tax payment online. Still, in its implementation, it does not have many users. It is due to the community's lack of awareness and the advantages that it can offer. The research aimed to analyze the determinant factors in using the e-Samsat service in East Java. The effects of each variable (trust, awareness, ease of use, and intention to use) on each other were examined. The research was conducted at Samsat joint office in Surabaya because it was the area with the largest motorized vehicle in East Java. The research applied a quantitative approach. There were 200 respondents who were users of the service. They were selected using the cross-section technique through questionnaires. Then, data analysis used the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. Data analysis results indicate that almost all hypotheses are acceptable and have a significant effect on each other. However, trust does not have a significant effect on the intention to use. The analysis of these factors can be recommended to increase the acceptance of e-Samsat services in East Java. The research can help the government to make decisions related to e-government, create technological innovations that facilitate payments, and improve e-Samsat services quality.
Colour Categories in Different Linguistic Cultures
Authors:   Buketov Karaganda State University, Kazakhstan, Kaskatayeva Zhanar A. , Mazhitayeva Shara ,   Buketov Karaganda State University, Kazakhstan, Omasheva Zhanar M. ,   Karaganda State Medical University, Kazakhstan, Nygmetova Nurgul ,   Karaganda State Technical University, Kadyrov Zhanbai ,   M.Kozybayev North Kazakhstan State University, Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan
Published: February 2021

The interest in defining color naming culture-specific features in multisystem languages is one of the relevant themes in linguistics. Numerous colors, their names, and symbolic sense are a peculiar reflection of mentality and culture for any nation. When designating nominatively, the ambiguity and multi-functionality of each color become an important part of the socio-mental world view, which has different ways of expression in different languages. The color naming unit peculiarities in multisystem languages, i.e., Kazakh, Russian and English, are the target of the research. The study focuses on the metaphorical and symbolic use of color naming groups in Kazakh, Russian and English. The research material provided a list of color namings, made up of a continuous sampling of definition, phraseological, bilingual Kazakh, Russian and English dictionaries, including fiction books. Based on the material of Kazakh, Russian and English languages, the authors attempted to define meanings of color spectrum most significant components for different cultures. It is well-known that color namings are an important phenomenon, reflecting the traditions and customs of different peoples. The authors have attempted to examine and describe the criteria for designating colors in a particular society, as well as to determine the role and place of this category in a language system.
A comparative examination of MBR and SBR performance for municipal wastewater treatment
Authors: Kitanou S. , Ayyoub H. , Touir J. , Zdeg A. , Benabdallah S. , Taky M. , Elmidaoui A.
Published: February 2021

In this study, the performance of the membrane bioreactor (MBR) and anoxic–aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) are compared in treating municipal wastewater. The aim of the work was to determine the feasibility of these systems for the removal of organics matter and nutriments from the municipal wastewater. The MBR displayed a superior performance with removal efficiencies exceeding 99% for TSS, 94% for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and an improvement on SBR efficiencies was found. In the same way, the MBR produced an effluent with much better quality than SBR in terms of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies. Combining membrane separation and biodegradation processes or the membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology improved pollution removal efficiencies significantly.
Adsorption of Congo Red on Pb doped FexOy: experimental study and theoretical modeling via double-layer statistical physics models
Authors: Fegade Umesh , Kolate Sachin , Dhake Rajesh , Inamuddin  , Altalhi Tariq , Kanchi Suvardhan
Published: February 2021

Size-controlled Pb0.06Fe0.7O3 nanoparticles (Pb-FeONPs) were fabricated by the thermal co-precipitation method and characterized by FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, and IR techniques. The SEM and XRD images showed the average size distribution and average crystallite size of 19.21 nm and 4.9 nm, respectively. The kinetic model of Congo Red (CR) adsorption onto Pb-FeONPs was verified and found to be a pseudo-second-order reaction. The Langmuir plot was better fitted (R2 = 0.990) than other isotherm models with a Qmax (mg/g) of 500 for Congo Red (CR) dye in 40 min. The double-layer statistical physics model based on two energies was used to calculate the significant parameters. The n (stoichiometric coefficient) values obtained from the statistical physics double-layer model were found to be 0.599, 0.593, and 0.565, which are less than 1, indicating the multi-docking process. The regeneration of Pb-FeONPs was used for up to 5 cycles effectively, making the material highly economical. The Pb-FeONPs were fruitfully applied for the removal of CR dye from wastewater on a laboratory and industrial scale.
Hospital wastewater treated with a novel bacterial consortium (Alcaligenes faecalis and Bacillus paramycoides spp.) for phytotoxicity reduction in Berseem clover and tomato crops
Authors: Rashid Aneeba , Mirza Safdar A. , Keating Ciara , Ali Sikander , Campos Luiza C.
Published: February 2021

Hospital wastewaters are produced in large volumes in Pakistan (∼362–745 L/bed.day) and are discharged without proper treatment. They are widely used by farmers for crop irrigation and induce a phytotoxic effect on plant growth. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of untreated and treated hospital wastewater on seed germination of a fodder crop Trifolium alexandrinum (Berseem clover) and a food crop Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). A bacterial consortium was formed with three bacterial strains, i.e., Alcaligenes faecalis and Bacillus paramycoides spp., which were individually proven efficient in previous studies. The concentrations of untreated and treated hospital wastewater (25, 50, 75 and 100%) were used to irrigate these crop seeds. To assess the efficiency of treatment, the germination percentage, delay index, germination index, stress tolerance indices, seedling vigour index and phytotoxicity index were calculated and were statistically proven significant. The seeds grown in treated wastewater concentrations showed negative values of phytotoxicity indices (tomato: −0.36, −0.47, −0.78 and −1.11; Berseem clover: −0.23) which indicate a stimulatory or non-toxic effect on seedling growth. Our work proposes that this bacterial consortium is efficient for hospital wastewater treatment before crop irrigation.
Profile of PD-1 and PD-L1 mRNA Expression in Peripheral Blood of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Al Azhar Muhammad Al , Nadliroh Siti , Prameswari Karisma , Handoko Handoko , Tobing Demak Lumban , Herawati Cita
Published: February 2021

Background: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression is associated with prognostic and respond to immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor in several solid malignancies. However, the prognostic roles of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are less clear. This study aims to investigate PD-1 and PD-L1 mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood of Indonesian NPC patients and its association with clinicopathological features.Materials and Methods: This study used blood samples of 21 NPC patients and 10 healthy volunteers as controls. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to measure mRNA expression of PD-1 and PD-L1.Results: PD-1 mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in NPC patients (∆CT mean: 9.65±2.04) compared to healthy individuals (∆CT mean: 8.04±1.51) (p=0.031). In contrast, PD-L1 mRNA expression levels were higher in NPC patients (∆CT mean: 6.96±1.32) compared to healthy individuals (∆CT mean: 7.11±0.55), but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.554). The expression of PD-1 was associated with tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (p=0.030) but not associated with age (p=1.000), sex (p=1.000), body mass index (p=0.350), tumor stage (p=0.338), nodal stage (p=0.579), metastasis stage (p=0.371), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status (p=0.228). Meanwhile PD-L1 expression was not associated with all clinicophatological features.Conclusion: The PD-1 mRNA expression levels were significantly lower, while PD-L1 expression levels were higher in NPC patients compared to healthy controls. PD-1 expression was correlated with TNM stage.Keywords: nasopharyngeal carcinoma, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PD-1, PD-L1
Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri Administration on Wrinkle Formation and Type I Procollagen Levels in UVB-Exposed Male Balb/c Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Valentina Ivanna , Achadiyani Achadiyani , Adi Sunarjati Sudigdo , Lesmana Ronny , Farenia Reni
Published: February 2021

Background: Chronic Ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure causes oxidative stress that may induce damages to the collagen matrix and thus plays a role in the wrinkle formation. Lactobacillus reuteri is a probiotic that may exerts antioxidant effects, thus helping to reduce damages caused by UVB-induced oxidative stress in the skin.Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight male Balb/c mice were divided equally into control group, UVB radiation only group, oral L. reuteri supplementation only group, and UVB radiation with oral L. reuteri supplementation group. UVB irradiation was given 3 times a week (100 seconds/exposure, within 3 cm distance) for 10 weeks, with a total dose of 166 mJ/cm2. Oral L. reuteri supplementation (0.2 mL, 108 CFU) was provided every morning after meal via orogastric feeding tube for 10 weeks. Wrinkle formation on the dorsal skin of the mice was evaluated in accordance with the Bissett method and type I procollagen levels was evaluated by western blotting.Results: In comparison with the group receiving only UVB irradiation, the group receiving probiotic and UVB irradiation showed significantly lower wrinkle scores (Group 1 vs. Group 3, 2.50±0.55 vs. 1.00±0,00; p<0.05) and significantly higher type I procollagen levels (Group 1 vs. Group 3, 0.88±0.36 vs. 1.92±0.46; p<0.05).Conclusion: Results of the current study showed that L. reuteri supplementation may reduce wrinkle formation and increase type I procollagen production in UVB-exposed dorsal skin of male Balb/c mice.Keywords: Lactobacillus reuteri, type I procollagen, photoaging, wrinkles, ultraviolet B
The Association of Respiratory Viruses with Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants. Implications for the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Darenskaya Marina , Kolesnikova Liubov , Kolesnikov Sergei
Published: February 2021

The spread of a new strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, a pandemic, poses a serious health problem
for all humanity. Compared with the previous outbreaks of coronavirus infection in 2002 and 2012, COVID-19
infection has high rates of lethality, contagiousness, and comorbidity. The effective methods of prevention and
treatment are extremely limited. Oxidative stress is actively involved in the mechanisms of initiation and
maintenance of violations of homeostatic reactions in respiratory viral infections. It is important to stop systemic
inflammation aimed at "extinguishing" the cytokine "storm", caused by the production of reactive oxygen species.
Antioxidant defense medications, such as vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine, melatonin, quercetin, glutathione,
astaxanthin, polyphenols, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids have proven well in experimental
and clinical studies of influenza, pneumonia, and other respiratory disorders. The use of medications
with antioxidant activity could be justified and most probably would increase the effectiveness of the fight
against new coronavirus.
Current Perspectives of Healthy Mitochondrial Function for Healthy Neurons
Authors: Muthuraman Arunachalam , Ramesh Muthusamy , Thiagarajan Venkataratinakumar , Singla Sumeet K. , Mudhol Seema , Muthukumar Serva P.
Published: February 2021

The neuron is high-energy utilizing tissue. The rate of neuronal cell respiration is higher
than in other cells. Cellular respiration occurs with mitochondria. The healthy production and functions
of mitochondria play a key role in the maintenance of healthy neurons. In pathological conditions
such as neurodegenerative diseases, healthy mitochondria help to alleviate pathological
events in neuronal cells. Conversely, mitochondrial dysfunction promotes the acceleration of the
neurodegenerative process. Furthermore, glial-derived mitochondria contribute to multiple roles in
the regulation of healthy neuron functions. It also supports releasing of the neurotransmitters; generation
of the impulses, regulation of the membrane potential and molecular dynamics; controlling of
the axonal transport; controlling of the mitochondrial fission and fusion functions in the peripheral
as well as the central nervous system. Moreover, it plays a key role in the regeneration process of
neuronal cells. Therefore, healthy mitochondria can provide a healthy environment for neuronal
cell function and can treat neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we explore the current view
of healthy mitochondria and their role in healthy neuronal functions.
Potential Health Benefits of a Pomegranate Extract, Rich in Phenolic Compounds, in Intestinal Inflammation
Authors: Raffaele Marco , Greish Khaled , Vanella Luca , Carota Giuseppe , Bahman Fatemah , Bindayna Khalid M. , Ezzat Hicham , Salerno Loredana , Pittalà Valeria , Ballistreri Gabriele , Amenta Margherita , Sorrenti Valeria
Published: February 2021

Background:

Pomegranate is a fruit rich in bioactive compounds such as punicalagins,
gallic acid, and ellagic acid derivatives. It has been widely used since ancient times in traditional
medicine for a wide variety of diseases. It has been reported that bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols,
are able to induce the expression of cytoprotective enzymes, including HO-1. The contribution
of HO-1 activity to the prevention of intestinal inflammation has been shown in different
models of Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).

Objective:

Aim of the present research was to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in
the beneficial effects of a pomegranate extract (PE), rich in bioactive compounds in intestinal inflammation.

Methods:

Caco-2 cells exposed to LPS and DSS induced colitis were chosen as convenient experimental
models of intestinal inflammation.

Results:

Results obtained in our experimental conditions showed that PE in vitro was able to induce
HO-1 and to reduce cellular damage and oxidative stress through an increase of GSH levels.
Moreover, PE was able to decrease the pro-inflammatory marker IL-8 levels and activate TIGAR
pathway. The results obtained in vivo, in agreement with the data obtained in vitro, highlighted the
ability of PE to reduce intestinal inflammation, preserve the colon length and histological features
and reduce IL-6 levels compared to the DSS treated group.

Conclusion:

PE, rich in bioactive compounds, could contribute, as a supportive therapy, to enhance
the effects of the conventional therapeutic strategies on the management of IBD.
Asafoetida, Natural Medicine for Future
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli , Cheng Qi
Published: February 2021

Background:

Asafoetida is dried latex that is extracted from the taproot of many species
of Ferula, a perennial herb native to the East Mediterranean and Central Asian regions. It is also a
common ingredient in some cuisines.

Objective:

The goal of this manuscript is to survey on medicinal values and natural benefits of Asafoetida.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted in Science Direct, Google, Google Scholar, PubMed,
Wiley Online Library, Springer, and Medline.

Results:

The most important health benefits consist of reducing bloating, helping to relieve asthma,
lower blood pressure and menstrual pain, as well as treating headaches, insect bites, indigestion,
and as a laxative. It is good for diabetic people, treats nerve disorders, helps fight free radicals, aids
in reducing acne, treats corns and calluses, and reduces hair loss.

Conclusion:

This review article allowed verifying Asafoetida as sources of compounds with valuable
nutritional and bioactive properties with great incorporation into foods with functional properties.
Serum Vitamin D Levels at Different Stages of Acne Vulgaris Patients Treated with Isotretinoin: A Prospective Study
Authors: Al-Dhubaibi Mohammed , Alhetheli Ghadah , Alsenaid Adel , Elneam Ahmed Abd
Published: February 2021

Background:

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder of pilosebaceous units. Isotretinoin (13-cis retinoic acid) is the most effective multifunctional treatment for moderate-to-severe and nodulocystic acne. Vitamin D plays a role in the immune system, and its deficiency might contribute to the pathogenesis of acne.

Objective:

To investigate whether isotretinoin improves serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in acne vulgaris patients.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study included 68 patients with acne vulgaris. Lipid profiles, liver function tests, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] levels were measured at baseline and three months after starting isotretinoin treatment.

Results:

There was a significant increase in serum vitamin D levels three months after starting isotretinoin treatment in mild acne patients (P=0.0003).

Conclusion:

Vitamin D levels are altered in acne vulgaris. Isotretinoin therapy is associated with an increase in vitamin D levels, which was statistically significant in mild acne patients. Considering the role of vitamin D in acne, effective treatment with isotretinoin might highlight vitamin D as a possible target for acne therapy or as a biomarker for disease activity and remission.
Effect of the Surfactant and Liquid Lipid Type in the Physico-chemical Characteristics of Beeswax-based Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) of Metformin
Authors: Qushawy Mona
Published: February 2021

Background:

Metformin (MF) is an antidiabetic drug that belongs to class III of the biopharmaceutical
classification system (BCS) characterized by high solubility and low permeability.

Objective:

The study aimed to prepare metformin as nanostructured lipid carriers (MF-NLCs) to
control the drug release and enhance its permeability through the biological membrane.

Methods:

22 full factorial design was used to make the design of MF-NLCs formulations. MFNLCs
were prepared by hot-melt homogenization-ultra sonication technique using beeswax as
solid lipid in the presence of liquid lipid (either capryol 90 or oleic acid) and surfactant (either
poloxamer 188 or tween 80).

Results:

The entrapment efficiency (EE%) of MF-NLCs was ranged from 85.2±2.5 to 96.5±1.8%.
The particle size was in the nanoscale (134.6±4.1 to 264.1±4.6 nm). The value of zeta potential has
a negative value ranged from -25.6±1.1 to -39.4±0.9 mV. The PDI value was in the range of
0.253±0.01 to 0.496±0.02. The cumulative drug release was calculated for MF-NLCs and it was
found that Q12h ranged from 90.5±1.7% for MF-NLC1 to 99.3±2.8 for MF-NLC4. Infra-red (IR)
spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies revealed the compatibility of the
drug with other ingredients. MF-NLC4 was found to be the optimized formulation with the best responses.

Conclusion:

22 full factorial design succeed to obtain an optimized formulation which controls the
drug release and increases the drug penetration.
Fernando Namora - Autoscopia e pena-estetoscópio
Authors: Batista Fernando
Published: February 2021

In this essay, Fernando Namora´s medical activity is seen as a source of literary material. From that, the writer absorbs the experiences of both the sick people and the doctor himself, who tends, cathartically, to confession and autoscopy. Discussing the vast work of the novelist, the text presents the ways in which the author of Retalhos da Vida de um Médico expresses life, always from the confrontation with the world, as well as the constant dialogues of the intellectual with his time, which would, in large part, catalyze the evolution of contemporary Portuguese fiction.
COVID-19 GİBİ SALGINLARDA EVDE BAKIM HİZMETLERİNİN ÖNEMİ: KISA BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: BALCI Nurgül , KOÇATAKAN Pınar
Published: February 2021

Salgınlar, bireyi ve toplumu doğrudan ilgilendiren, sağlık hizmetlerinin merkezde olduğu olaylardır. İnsanlığın yaradılışından beri karşı karşıya kaldığı bulaşıcı hastalıklar, bireyler ya da bireyin ve toplumların yaşamsal akışlarında ciddi etkilere neden olmuştur. 2019 yılı sonu itibariyle başlayıp tüm dünyada hayatı olumsuz etkileyen COVID-19 salgınını ve onun etkilerini yaşamaktayız. Çağlar boyunca görülen salgın hastalıkların oluşturduğu korunma hafızası ve bilimsel kanıtlar temelinde salgına yönelik korunma ve kontrol yöntemleri yoluyla önlemler alınmaktadır. Ancak salgının çok boyutlu etkileri sonucunda sağlık sektörünün hem kendi bünyesinde hem de diğer sektörlerle iş birliği yapması zorunlu hâle gelmektedir. Uygulanacak evde bakım faaliyet planları, toplumun genelini kapsamalı ve dinamik özelliklere sahip olmalıdır. Başlangıcından bugüne kadar güncelliğini koruyan ve ihtiyaçlara göre şekillenen evde bakımın nitelikli stratejilerle uygulanmasının rolü ve önemi, pandemi döneminde daha da belirginleşmiştir.
The Efficacy of Cognitive-Communicative Intervention in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lee Mi Sook
Published: February 2021

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the sign of dementia, and is critical for prediction and preventing its progressions. This study aimed to review literature on cognitive communication intervention of MCI patients systematically, and propose the evidence-based data, including their effect sizes using a meta-analysis method. Thirty-eight researches published since 2012, meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were entered into this analysis. They were analyzed in qualitative aspects, and their effect sizes were calculated in a level of mean and each domain. Outcome measures included the domains of 10 cognitions and 4 communications. The main findings were as follows. Firstly, the general target population for studies was MCI over the age of 50, and intervention programs were designed diversely in a session or mode. Secondly, several domains, including attention, memory, and executive function held a large portion of the intervention programs. Thirdly, the average effect size of interventions was large. Lastly, processing speed and word fluency were very effective and significant among domains in the results of treatment. Current study provides evidence-based information to support cognitive-communication intervention for individuals with MCI. These results also can contribute to diversify intervention approaches and verify their efficacies. Given this, it is possible to facilitate the cognitive-communication intervention for MCI in clinical settings.
Неупругое растяжение медного однопроволочного проводника при неограниченных местных деформациях и положительной температуре
Authors: Недобитков А.И. , Абдеев Б.М.
Published: February 2021

Results of experimental and desktop studies of the single-wire copper conductor deformation under the overcurrent action are given in the article. The conductor was studied using the JSM-6390L reflection electron microscope. A mathematical model of the stress-strain state of the copper bar in tension and under a temperature below 700 °С has been developed on the basis of the classical nonlinear problem of the structural mechanics. The mechanical forces in a single-wire copper conductor, which cause neck formation during overcurrent flow, have been determined. The mathematical model has been simplified to simple analytical dependences providing their use in forensic fire and technical investigations.
Зависимость топологии эпитаксиальных слоев PbSnTe:In от концентрации In
Authors: Ищенко Д.В. , Акимов А.Н. , Ахундов И.О. , Голяшов В.А. , Климов А.Э. , Логинов А.Б. , Логинов Б.А. , Пащин Н.С. , Тарасов А.С. , Федосенко Е.В. , Шерcтякова В.Н.
Published: February 2021

The topology of the surface of epitaxial films of lead tin telluride solid solution, including those with the addition of indium (Pb1-xSnxTe:In), grown on single-crystal BaF2 (111) substrates and a CaF2/BaF2 buffer layer on Si (111) was studied by atomic force microscopy. It is shown that the characteristic statistical indicators of the relief are due to the peculiarities of film growth and the mechanism of incorporation of Indians, the excess content of which was registered on the surface ex situ by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Extractos vegetales: una alternativa para el control de enfermedades en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao)
Authors: Guerrero Raquel , Risco Gabriela , Cevallos Orly , Villamar Ronald , Peñaherrera Sofía
Published: February 2021

El cacao (Theobroma cacao) enfrenta durante cada uno de sus ciclos productivos patógenos que disminuyen considerablemente a su producción. Cada año fitopatógenos como Moniliophthora roreri y Phytophthora palmivora afectan directamente a las mazorcas y pueden llegar a generar graves pérdidas. Esta investigación se desarrolló con la finalidad de identificar especies vegetales locales cuyos extractos contengan compuestos que tienen la capacidad de reducir la germinación de las esporas de los patógenos, así como también el desarrollo de micelio de los mismos.  Extractos de las especies Bledo (Amaranthus bledo), Coquito (Cyperus odoratus), Lechosa (Euphorbia hirta), Rosa de muerto (Tagetes minuta), Teatina (Scoparia dulcis) y Verdolaga (Portulaca oleracea) se utilizaron para enmendar medios de cultivos en concentraciones de 10, 20 y 30%, sobre los cuales se inocularon suspensiones de esporas y discos de micelio de los patógenos.  Transcurridos los periodos de incubación se evaluaron los porcentajes de germinación, porcentaje de inhibición de desarrollo del micelio, actividad fungicida de los extractos y su efecto sobre las estructuras de las hifas de los patógenos.  Los resultados mostraron que todos los extractos en alguna medida influyeron en alguna medida en el desarrollo de los patógenos en todas las variables estudiadas, sin embargo,  Amaranthus bledo y Euphorbia hirta fueron aquellas especies cuyo efecto fue notablemente superior a las otras especies en estudio, lo que indicaría que son especies con potencial para controlar los patógenos a nivel de campo.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Physician-to-Physician Telephone Consultation Programs: Environmental Scan
Authors: Tian Peter George Jaminal , Harris Jeffrey Richard , Seikaly Hadi , Chambers Thane , Alvarado Sara , Eurich Dean
Published: February 2021

Background

Telephone consultations between physicians provide quick access to medical advice, allowing patients to be cared for by calling physicians in their local settings.

Objective

As part of a quality assurance study of a physician-to-physician consultation program in Alberta, Canada, this environmental scan aims to identify the characteristics and outcomes of physician-to-physician telephone consultation programs across several countries.

Methods

We searched 7 databases to identify English publications in 2007-2017 describing physician-to-physician consultations using telephones as the main technology. To identify Canadian programs, the literature search was supplemented with an additional internet search.

Results

The literature search yielded 2336 citations, of which 17 publications were included. Across 7 countries, 14 telephone consultation programs provided primary care providers with access to various specialists through hotlines, paging systems, or call centers. The programs reported on the avoidance of hospitalizations, emergency department visits and specialty visits, caller satisfaction with the telephone consultation, and cost avoidance.

Conclusions

Telephone consultation programs between health care providers have facilitated access to specialist care and prevented acute care use.
Development of a Breech-Specific Integrated Care Pathway for Pregnant Women: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Morris Sara , Geraghty Sadie , Sundin Deborah
Published: February 2021

Background

The development of an integrated care pathway with multidisciplinary input to standardize and streamline care for pregnant women experiencing breech presentation at 36 or more weeks of gestation poses several challenges because of the divisive and contentious nature of the phenomenon. Although many clinicians are interested in obtaining the skills required to safely support women desiring a vaginal breech birth, the primary trend in most health care facilities is to recommend a cesarean section.

Objective

This paper aims to discuss the mixed methods approach used in a doctoral study conducted to generate new knowledge regarding women’s experiences of breech birth in Western Australia and professional recommendations regarding the care of women experiencing breech presentation close to or at term. This study was designed to inform the development of an integrated care pathway for women experiencing a breech presentation. This mixed methods approach situated within the pragmatic paradigm was determined to be the optimal way for incorporating multidisciplinary recommendations with current clinical practice guidelines and consumer feedback.

Methods

A mixed methods study utilizing semistructured interviews, an electronic Delphi (e-Delphi) study, and clinical practice guideline appraisal was conducted to generate new data. The interviews were designed to provide insights and understanding of the experiences of women in Western Australia who are diagnosed with a breech presentation. The e-Delphi study explored childbirth professionals’ knowledge, opinions, and recommendations for the care of women experiencing breech presentation close to or at term. The clinical practice guideline appraisal will examine the current national and professional breech management and care guidelines. This study has the potential to highlight areas in practice that may need improvement and enable clinicians to better support women through what can be a difficult time.

Results

Data collection for this study began in November 2018 and concluded in March 2020. Data analysis is currently taking place, and the results will be disseminated through publication when the analysis is complete.

Conclusions

The results of this study will guide the development of an integrated care pathway for women experiencing a breech presentation close to or at term, with the hope of moving toward standardized breech care for women in Western Australia. This study protocol has the potential to be used as a research framework for future studies of a similar nature.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/23514
Disparities in Care Outcomes in Atlanta Between Black and White Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study (Engage[men]t) (Preprint)
Authors: Sullivan Patrick Sean , Taussig Jennifer , Valentine-Graves Mariah , Luisi Nicole , Del Rio Carlos , Jones Jeb , Millett Greg , Rosenberg Eli S , Stephenson Rob , Kelley Colleen
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The US HIV epidemic is driven by infections in men who have sex with men and characterized by profound disparities in HIV prevalence and outcomes for Black Americans. Black men who have sex with men living with HIV are reported to have worse care outcomes than other men who have sex with men, but the reasons for these health inequities are not clear. We planned a prospective observational cohort study to help understand the reasons for worse HIV care outcomes for Black versus White men who have sex with men in Atlanta.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to identify individual, dyadic, network, neighborhood, and structural factors that explain disparities in HIV viral suppression between Black and White men who have sex with men living with HIV in Atlanta.

METHODS

Black and White men who have sex with men living with HIV were enrolled in a prospective cohort study with in-person visits and viral suppression assessments at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months; additional surveys of care and risk behaviors at 3, 6, and 18 months; analysis of care received outside the study through public health reporting; and qualitative interviews for participants who experienced sentinel health events (eg, loss of viral suppression) during the study. The study is based on the Bronfenbrenner socioecological theoretical model.

RESULTS

Men who have sex with men (n=400) were enrolled between June 2016 and June 2017 in Atlanta. Follow-up was completed in June 2019; final study retention was 80% at 24 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Health disparities for Black men who have sex with men are hypothesized to be driven by structural racism and barriers to care. Observational studies are important to document and quantify the specific factors within the socioecological framework that account for disparities in viral suppression. In the meantime, it is also critical to push for steps to improve access to care, including Medicaid expansion in Southern states, such as Georgia, which have not yet moved to expand Medicaid.

CLINICALTRIAL

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/21985
Development of a Breech-Specific Integrated Care Pathway for Pregnant Women: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Morris Sara , Geraghty Sadie , Sundin Deborah
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

The development of an integrated care pathway with multidisciplinary input to standardize and streamline care for pregnant women experiencing breech presentation at 36 or more weeks of gestation poses several challenges because of the divisive and contentious nature of the phenomenon. Although many clinicians are interested in obtaining the skills required to safely support women desiring a vaginal breech birth, the primary trend in most health care facilities is to recommend a cesarean section.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to discuss the mixed methods approach used in a doctoral study conducted to generate new knowledge regarding women’s experiences of breech birth in Western Australia and professional recommendations regarding the care of women experiencing breech presentation close to or at term. This study was designed to inform the development of an integrated care pathway for women experiencing a breech presentation. This mixed methods approach situated within the pragmatic paradigm was determined to be the optimal way for incorporating multidisciplinary recommendations with current clinical practice guidelines and consumer feedback.

METHODS

A mixed methods study utilizing semistructured interviews, an electronic Delphi (e-Delphi) study, and clinical practice guideline appraisal was conducted to generate new data. The interviews were designed to provide insights and understanding of the experiences of women in Western Australia who are diagnosed with a breech presentation. The e-Delphi study explored childbirth professionals’ knowledge, opinions, and recommendations for the care of women experiencing breech presentation close to or at term. The clinical practice guideline appraisal will examine the current national and professional breech management and care guidelines. This study has the potential to highlight areas in practice that may need improvement and enable clinicians to better support women through what can be a difficult time.

RESULTS

Data collection for this study began in November 2018 and concluded in March 2020. Data analysis is currently taking place, and the results will be disseminated through publication when the analysis is complete.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study will guide the development of an integrated care pathway for women experiencing a breech presentation close to or at term, with the hope of moving toward standardized breech care for women in Western Australia. This study protocol has the potential to be used as a research framework for future studies of a similar nature.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/23514