bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustained fatigue assessment during isometric exercises with time-domain near infrared spectroscopy and surface electromyography signals
Authors: Scano A. , Pirovano I. , Manunza M. E. , Spinelli L. , Contini D. , Torricelli A. , Re R.
Published: November 2020

The effect of sustained fatigue during an upper limb isometric exercise is presented to investigate a group of healthy subjects with simultaneous time-domain (TD) NIRS and surface electromyography (sEMG) recordings on the deltoid lateralis muscle. The aim of the work was to understand which TD-NIRS parameters can be used as descriptors for sustained muscular fatigue, focusing on the slow phase of this process and using median frequency (MF) computed from sEMG as gold standard measure. It was found that oxygen saturation and deoxy-hemoglobin are slightly better descriptors of sustained fatigue, than oxy-hemoglobin, since they showed a higher correlation with MF, while total-hemoglobin correlation with MF was lower.
Availability-guaranteed slice composition for service function chains in 5G transport networks
Authors: Gour Riti , Ishigaki Genya , Kong Jian , Jue Jason P.
Published: November 2020

Availability is a key service metric when deploying service function
chains (SFCs) over network slices in 5G networks. We study the problem
of determining the composition of a slice for a service function chain
and the mapping of the slice to the physical transport network in a
way that guarantees availability of the SFC while minimizing cost. To
improve the availability, we design a slice that provides multiple
paths (possibly with non-disjoint routing over the physical
infrastructure) for hosting SFCs, and we determine the appropriate
dimensioning of bandwidth on each path. Our simulation results show
the effectiveness of our approach in terms of the cost of establishing
the SFC and the SFC acceptance ratio.
Phase-retrieval Fourier microscopy of partially temporally coherent nanoantenna radiation patterns
Authors: Schilder Nick J. , Wolterink Tom A. W. , Mennes Christiaan , Röhrich Ruslan , Femius Koenderink A.
Published: November 2020

We report an experimental technique for determining phase-resolved radiation patterns of single nanoantennas by phase-retrieval defocused imaging. A key property of nanoantennas is their ability to imprint spatial coherence, for instance, on fluorescent sources. Yet, measuring emitted wavefronts in absence of a reference field is difficult. We realize a defocused back focal plane microscope to measure phase even for partially temporally coherent light and benchmark the method using plasmonic bullseye antenna scattering. We outline the limitations of defocused imaging which are set by spectral bandwidth and antenna mode structure. This work is a first step to resolve wavefronts from fluorescence controlled by nanoantennas.
Hippocampal cells integrate past memory and present perception for the future
Authors: Yang Cen , Naya Yuji
Published: November 2020

The ability to use stored information in a highly flexible manner is a defining feature of the declarative memory system. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying this flexibility are poorly understood. To address this question, we recorded single-unit activity from the hippocampus of 2 nonhuman primates performing a newly devised task requiring the monkeys to retrieve long-term item-location association memory and then use it flexibly in different circumstances. We found that hippocampal neurons signaled both mnemonic information representing the retrieved location and perceptual information representing the external circumstance. The 2 signals were combined at a single-neuron level to construct goal-directed information by 3 sequentially occurring neuronal operations (e.g., convergence, transference, and targeting) in the hippocampus. Thus, flexible use of knowledge may be supported by the hippocampal constructive process linking memory and perception, which may fit the mnemonic information into the current situation to present manageable information for a subsequent action.
Validation of quantitative assessment of indocyanine green fluorescent imaging in a one-vessel model
Authors: Duprée Anna , Rieß Henrik C. , von Kroge Philipp H. , Izbicki Jakob R. , Debus Eike S. , Mann Oliver , Pinnschmidt Hans O. , Russ Detlef , Detter Christian , Wipper Sabine H.
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Evaluation of intestinal perfusion remains subjective and depends on the surgeon´s individual experience. Intraoperative quality assessment of tissue perfusion with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence using a near-infrared camera system has been described in different ways and for different indications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate fluorescent imaging (FI) in the quantitative assessment of intestinal perfusion in a gastric tube model in pigs and to compare the results to results obtained with florescent microspheres (FM), the gold standard for tissue perfusion.

Methods

Seven pigs (56.0±3.0 kg), both males and females, underwent gastric tube formation after transection and ligation of the gastric arteries, except the right gastroepiploic artery, to avoid collateral blood flow.

After baseline assessment (T0), hypotension (T1) was induced by propofol (Karampinis et al 2017) (< 60 mmHg). Then, propofol was paused to obtain normotension (T2, Mean arterial pressure (MAP) 60–90 mmHg). Finally, hypertension (T3, MAP>90 mmHg) was induced by norepinephrine.

Measurements were performed in three regions of interest (ROIs) under standardized conditions: the fundus (D1), corpus (D2), and prepyloric area (D3). Hemodynamic parameters and transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) in the right gastroepiploic artery were continuously assessed. FI, FM and the partial pressure of tissue oxygen (TpO2) were quantified in each ROI.

Results

The study protocol could successfully be performed during stable hemodynamics. Flow in the gastroepiploic artery measured by transit time flow measurement (TTFM) was related to hemodynamic changes between the measurements, indicating improved blood flow with increasing MAP. The distal part of the gastric tube (D1) showed significantly (p<0.05) impaired perfusion compared to the proximal parts D3 and D2 using FM. ICG-FI also showed the highest values in D3 and the lowest values in D1 at all hemodynamic levels (T1-T3; p<0,05).

Conclusion

Visual and quantitative assessment of gastric tube perfusion is feasible in an experimental setting using ICG-FI. This might be a promising tool for intraoperative assessment during visceral surgery in the future.
Increased winter drownings in ice-covered regions with warmer winters
Authors: Sharma Sapna , Blagrave Kevin , Watson Simon R. , O’Reilly Catherine M. , Batt Ryan , Magnuson John J. , Clemens Tessa , Denfeld Blaize A. , Flaim Giovanna , Grinberga Laura , Hori Yukari , Laas Alo , Knoll Lesley B. , Straile Dietmar , Takamura Noriko , Weyhenmeyer Gesa A.
Published: November 2020

Winter activities on ice are culturally important for many countries, yet they constitute a high safety risk depending upon the stability of the ice. Because consistently cold periods are required to form stable and thick ice, warmer winters could degrade ice conditions and increase the likelihood of falling through the ice. This study provides the first large-scale assessment of winter drowning from 10 Northern Hemisphere countries. We documented over 4000 winter drowning events. Winter drownings increased exponentially in regions with warmer winters when air temperatures neared 0°C. The largest number of drownings occurred when winter air temperatures were between -5°C and 0°C, when ice is less stable, and also in regions where indigenous traditions and livelihood require extended time on ice. Rates of drowning were greatest late in the winter season when ice stability declines. Children and adults up to the age of 39 were at the highest risk of winter drownings. Beyond temperature, differences in cultures, regulations, and human behaviours can be important additional risk factors. Our findings indicate the potential for increased human mortality with warmer winter air temperatures. Incorporating drowning prevention plans would improve adaptation strategies to a changing climate.
Burnout among medical students in Cyprus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nteveros Antonios , Kyprianou Marios , Artemiadis Artemios , Charalampous Antrianthi , Christoforaki Kallistheni , Cheilidis Stephanos , Germanos Orestis , Bargiotas Panagiotis , Chatzittofis Andreas , Zis Panagiotis
Published: November 2020

Objectives

The primary aim was to estimate the burnout prevalence among all medical students at the Medical School of the University of Cyprus. Secondary aims were to ascertain the predictors of burnout and its relationship with lifestyle habits, sleep quality and mental health.

Background

Burnout in the healthcare sector has drawn significant scientific attention over the last few years. Recent research underscored the large burden of profession-related burnout among medical students.

Materials and methods

An anonymous questionnaire was administered to all 189 eligible candidates. This included demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Sleep quality was assessed via the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, mental health was assessed via the mental health (MH) domain of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (MBI-SS).

Results

Overall response rate was 96.3%. The burnout prevalence was 18.1%. There was a significant linear effect of between the year of studies and the burnout frequency [F(1) = 5.09, p = 0.024], implying that with increasing academic year there were more students with burnout, especially after the 4th year of education which signifies the beginning of clinical education. Students with burnout were more likely to have poor sleep quality (90.9% vs. 60.8%, odds ratio 4.33, p = 0.023) and worse mental health (MH score 40.2 ± 17.7 vs 62.9 ± 20.3, p<0.001). Alcohol consumers had more symptoms of cynicism and less feelings of efficacy than non-alcohol consumers. Moreover, less feelings of efficacy were significantly associated with more alcohol consumption among alcohol consumers.

Conclusions

Burnout is prevalent in medical students and increases significantly during the clinical years. Students with burnout have worse sleep and mental health and might use alcohol as a coping mechanism. Implementing prevention strategies of burnout may be beneficial.
Likes and impulsivity: Investigating the relationship between actual smartphone use and delay discounting
Authors: Schulz van Endert Tim , Mohr Peter N. C.
Published: November 2020

The omnipresence of smartphones among adolescents and adults gives rise to the questions about excessive use and personality factors which are associated with heavier engagement with these devices. Previous studies have found behavioral similarities between smartphone use and maladaptive behaviors (e.g. drinking, gambling, drug abuse) in the context of intertemporal choice but mostly relied on participants’ self-reports regarding engagement with their phone. In this study, we collected actual usage data by smartphone application from 101 participants and assessed their tendency to discount future rewards, their reward responsiveness, self-control and consideration of future consequences. We found that smartphone screen time was correlated with choosing smaller immediate over larger delayed rewards and that usage of social media and gaming apps predicted delay discounting. Additionally, smartphone use was negatively correlated with self-control but not correlated with consideration of future consequences. Neither psychological variable could mediate the relationship between smartphone usage and delay discounting. Our findings provide further evidence that smartphone use and impulsive decision-making go hand in hand and that engagement with these devices needs to be critically examined by researchers to guide prudent behavior.
Predictors of maternal parenting self-efficacy for infants and toddlers: A Jordanian study
Authors: Abuhammad Sawsan
Published: November 2020

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the predictors of maternal parenting self-efficacy when the children concerned are in the early years of life.

Method

A descriptive-analytical research study was carried out among 213 women who were in the early months of the postpartum period and attending healthcare facilities in Irbid, Jordan. The State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and the Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy (PMP S-E) tool were used to collect the data.

Results

A significant correlation was found between the scores in self-efficacy and the quality of marriage relations (B = 3.56, P = 001), family income (B = 1.97, P = .05), employment (B = 4.027, P = .027), education (B = 2.48, P = .004), and living with extended family (B = 5.28, P = .02).

Conclusion

The findings of this study show that MPSE is significantly associated with various predictors. These predictors are the mother’s education, income, whether she lives with extended family, her quality of marriage, and her employment. Maternal anxiety was found not to be a predictor for MPSE and this may explain other factors such as social support and living with extended family.

Implication

It is essential for nurses to understand maternal parenting self-efficacy, therefore, including the concept of maternal parenting self-efficacy in nursing curricula can help raise awareness of this important concept. Understanding maternal parenting self-efficacy is necessary for nurses to evaluate the mothers’ parenting self-efficacy.
Trend and determinants of anemia change among pregnant and/or lactating women in Ethiopia: A multivariate decomposition analysis
Authors: Yalew Melaku , Adane Bezawit , Damtie Yitayish , Kefale Bereket , Arefaynie Mastewal , Yasin Toyeb
Published: November 2020

Background

Even though anemia was highly targeted in different global strategies, many pregnant and/or lactating women and children were suffering from it and its complications. Besides this, prior trend analysis has not been conducted among pregnant and/or lactating women in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the trend and determinants of anemia change among pregnant and/or lactating women in Ethiopia.

Methods

The study utilized two consecutive Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) datasets. A total of 6,106 and 5,641 pregnant and/or lactating women in 2011 and 2016 survey respectively were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed by using Stata version 14.0. Logit based decomposition analysis was done to identify contributing factors for anemia change and statistical significance was determined by using P-value.

Results

The trend of anemia was increased from 19% in 2011 to 29% in 2016 EDHS. The analysis revealed that, 8% of the overall change in anemia was because of the change in women’s composition. Changes in the composition of pregnant and/or lactating women according to region, economic status and tobacco and/or cigarette use were the major sources of the change. Greater than 90% of the increase in anemia was due to differences in the coefficient. Mostly, the change in behaviors of the Amhara population, those who had a history of terminated pregnancy and use tobacco and/or cigarette were the sources of the change.

Conclusions

Anemia among pregnant and/or lactating women was increased against government interventions over the last half-decade in Ethiopia. Programmatic interventions targeting Somali and Dire Dawa regions are still needed to decrease anemia.
Variation in intrinsic resistance of pea aphids to parasitoid wasps: A transcriptomic basis
Authors: McLean Ailsa H. C. , Parker Benjamin J.
Published: November 2020

Evolutionary interactions between parasitoid wasps and insect hosts have been well studied at the organismal level, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that insects use to resist wasp parasitism. Here we study the interaction between a braconid wasp (Aphidius ervi) and its pea aphid host (Acyrthosiphon pisum). We first identify variation in resistance to wasp parasitism that can be attributed to aphid genotype. We then use transcriptome sequencing to identify genes in the aphid genome that are differentially expressed at an early stage of parasitism, and we compare these patterns in highly resistant and susceptible aphid host lines. We find that resistant genotypes are upregulating genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and several key innate immune system genes in response to parasitism, but that this response seems to be weaker in susceptible aphid genotypes. Together, our results provide a first look into the complex molecular mechanisms that underlie aphid resistance to wasp parasitism and contribute to a broader understanding of how resistance mechanisms evolve in natural populations.
Neurodevelopment of HIV-exposed uninfected children in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Madlala Hlengiwe P. , Myer Landon , Malaba Thokozile R. , Newell Marie-Louise
Published: November 2020

Background

Evidence shows that antiretroviral (ART) exposure is associated with neurodevelopmental delays in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) children. However, there are few insights into modifiable maternal and child factors that may play a role in improving neurodevelopment in HEU children. We used a parent-centric neurodevelopment tool, Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) to examined neurodevelopment in HEU children at 12–24 months of age, and associations with maternal and child factors.

Methods

505 HIV-infected women (initiated ART pre- or during pregnancy) with live singleton births attending primary health care were enrolled; 355 of their HEU children were assessed for neurodevelopment (gross motor, fine motor, communication, problem solving and personal-social domains) at 12–24 months using age-specific ASQ administered by a trained fieldworker. Associations with maternal and child factors were examined using logistic regression models.

Results

Among mothers (median age 30 years, IQR, 26–34), 52% initiated ART during pregnancy; the median CD4 count was 436 cells/μl (IQR, 305–604). Most delayed neurodevelopment in HEU children was in gross (9%) and fine motor (5%) functions. In adjusted models, maternal socio-economic status (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.24–0.76) was associated with reduced odds of delayed gross-fine motor neurodevelopment. Maternal age ≥35 years (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–0.89) and maternal body mass index (BMI) <18.5 (aOR 6.76, 95% CI 1.06–43.13) were associated with delayed communication-problem-solving-personal-social neurodevelopment. There were no differences in odds for either domain by maternal ART initiation timing.

Conclusions

Delayed neurodevelopment was detected in both gross and fine motor functions in this cohort of HEU children, with strong maternal predictors that may be explored as potentially modifiable factors associated with neurodevelopment at one to two years of age.
O Mundo Clássico e a universalidade dos seus valores: Homenagem a Nair de Nazaré Castro Soares - Volume II
Authors: Miranda Margarida
Published: November 2020

Esta obra pretende homenagear a Prof. Doutora Nair de Nazaré Castro Soares, Professora Catedrática Jubilada da Universidade de Coimbra, num acto de reconhecimento pela sua carreira académica, que se desdobrou num profícuo e longo magistério, e numa investigação de excelência. Da sua longa e proveitosa actividade ao serviço da educação e da ciência beneficiaram muitas gerações de alunos e de investigadores, em Portugal e no estrangeiro. São esses discípulos, colegas e amigos que agora contribuem para a composição deste livro, com trabalhos que versam as várias áreas do saber em que ela se distinguiu e que conferem estrutura à organização desta obra: a literatura e a cultura greco-latinas, a tradição clássica medieval, os estudos do Humanismo e Renascimento, e a herança clássica no mundo moderno e contemporâneo.
Plínio Salgado (1895-1975). Fascismo e autoritarismo no Brasil do Século XX
Authors: Bertonha João Fábio
Published: November 2020

Plínio Salgado foi uma das figuras mais relevantes da história da direita brasileira no século xx. Nascido em São Bento do Sapucaí (sp) em 1895, foi um importante escritor modernista e político ligado ao Partido Republicano Paulista na década de 1920. Nos anos de 1930, fundou o principal movimento fascista surgido no Brasil, a Ação Integralista Brasileira. Como líder integralista, esteve em primeiro plano na política nacional, até ser derrotado e exilado em Portugal por Getúlio Vargas. No pós-guerra, participou ativamente na política dos anos de 1940 e 1950 e, depois de 1964, tornou-se apoiador do regime militar. Entender a vida de Plínio Salgado é, em boa medida, entender a história do Brasil e do mundo no século xx. Este livro é um exercício biográfico que busca reconstruir a vida de Salgado em sua integridade. Ao contrário da maioria dos textos que trataram de sua vida e obra, ele não se restringe ao período integralista, englobando toda a sua vida e os diferentes papéis que ele desempenhou. O conteúdo é baseado em ampla pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo sido consultados arquivos brasileiros e de outros países, como Itália, Portugal, Estados Unidos e Reino Unido.
Evidencias y retos de la Atención Temprana: el modelo centrado en la familia
Authors: Bagur Pons Sara , Verger Gelabert Sebastià
Published: November 2020

El propósito de la Atención Temprana es ofrecer un servicio de calidad para el máximo desarrollo y autonomía de los niños y abogar por la calidad de vida y el bienestar familiar. El modelo actual de intervención se identifica con las prácticas centradas en la familia, basadas en la construcción de capacidades familiares, donde los profesionales deben actuar como colaboradores para dar respuesta a las necesidades de los progenitores. Este artículo pretende realizar una revisión sistematizada de la literatura, para analizar las investigaciones empíricas en el campo de la Atención Temprana desde el año 2000 e identificar aspectos que inducen a nuevas investigaciones. Se hallaron y analizaron un total de 33 artículos. Los resultados muestran que, a pesar de que se lleve a cabo el modelo centrado en la familia, hay obstáculos para desempeñar prácticas participativas, ya que implican la modificación de los apoyos profesionales y, al mismo tiempo, cambios en el protagonismo de la familia durante la intervención. La formación, la actitud del profesional o la toma de decisiones conjunta entre el profesional y la familia son aspectos que requieren ser mejorados de acuerdo con los principios del modelo centrado en la familia. Además, se precisa mayor investigación en la relación profesional-familia, el bienestar familiar, el desarrollo de nuevos programas y la actitud de los profesionales para consagrar la calidad de los servicios de Atención Temprana.
Autodeterminación en adolescentes y jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual: perspectiva de los padres
Authors: Sabeh Eliana Noemí , Sotelo Aguilar Licia María , Carreras María Paula
Published: November 2020

La autodeterminación de las personas con discapacidad es esencial para el logro de su calidad de vida. El apoyo que brindan las familias a los hijos depende en buena medida de las percepciones que sostienen sobre la autodeterminación. Por eso esta investigación pretende describir la opinión de padres de adolescentes y jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual acerca de este constructo. Se conformaron 5 grupos focales, con 42 participantes. El análisis lexicométrico de las entrevistas grupales, utilizando el software Iramuteq, arrojó cuatro dimensiones: autonomía; barreras en la familia y el entorno; apoyos y oportunidades; capacidades psicológicas. Los padres desconocen el concepto de autodeterminación en toda su extensión. Lo asocian con la autonomía en el cuidado personal y en las tareas del hogar y, en menor medida, con la vida en la comunidad. Las barreras familiares son de tipo psicológico: el miedo, la sobreprotección, la subestimación y falta de confianza en las capacidades del hijo. Esto los lleva a ofrecer menos oportunidades. Consideran a la sociedad poco preparada para fomentar estos procesos. Sienten la necesidad de recibir apoyo profesional orientado a revisar sus creencias, aumentar sus conocimientos y poner en práctica estrategias que faciliten el logro de la autodeterminación en sus hijos.
Dialoguing with teacher-educators, valorizing teacher innovations
Authors: Chand Vijaya Sherry , Kuril Samvet , Shukla Anurag
Published: November 2020

This article describes the educational innovation fairs (EIF), a large-scale collaborative action research initiative undertaken by an academic institution and the teacher-education department of a provincial government in India over a three-year period (2015 to 2017). The EIF initiative primarily sought to help teacher-educators in 26 sub-provincial teacher training institutes (STTIs) realize the potential of teacher-generated innovations to enrich the teacher training curriculum in the state-run schooling system. It required teacher-educators to identify and validate innovative teacher-generated work, that was then displayed for two days in a year in a public exhibition visited by a large number of teachers. Case studies of the displayed work were then sent to schools and used in teacher training programmes. The EIF experience indicates the importance of setting the political and academic context carefully if action research is to take off in the public education system. Second, the policy adaptation that is inevitable in such a system implies an understanding of the deviations that might be considered tolerable. Finally, the partners need to jointly reflect on and consciously plan their post-collaboration individual trajectories during the collaboration itself, for the outcomes of action research have to be embedded in an evolving research agenda aimed at continuous improvement.
Developing motivated adolescent readers and enhancing student voice, using action research in disadvantaged contexts
Authors: McMullan Tara , Sutherland Julia
Published: November 2020

This action research study, drawing on participatory frameworks, investigated whether a Year 10 English class (15–16-year-olds), including struggling readers, could develop their reading self-concept and ‘voice’. The research aimed to extend findings from a larger, mixed-method study, developing reading comprehension and motivation with younger adolescents, conducted in the south-east of England. Set in an urban state school in a deprived area, the present 12-week study aimed to explore, first, the impact on students of an evolving reading model, emphasizing motivation, extended reading, peer talk and use of metacognitive, multiple strategies. Second, it explored the effects of students engaging, loosely, as ‘co-researchers’, co-constructing knowledge with their teacher and reflecting on reading and pedagogy, in terms of ‘voice’ and agency. The primarily qualitative study combined open-response, student questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, written reflections on reading, and a teacher/researcher journal. Using the ‘constant comparative’ data-analysis method, the study found that students enhanced their reading self-concept, and developed their ‘voice’. However, unpredictably, reading confidence was threatened by students’ internalized discourses about performativity and feelings of anxiety and lack of agency, attributed to ‘high-stakes’ public examinations nearly two years away.
Extruded feed in different volume-concentrate ratios: in-vitro fermentation kinetics, consumption, and evaluation of lambs’ metabolic profile
Authors: Oliveira Karla Alves , Macedo Júnior Gilberto de Lima , De Sousa Jhone Tallison Lira , Sousa Luciano Fernandes , Silva Adriana Lima , Varanis Laura Ferrari Monteiro
Published: November 2020

This study aimed both to evaluate the metabolic profile of lambsfed with extruded forage and concentrate containing different roughageconcentrate ratios (R:C) and to evaluate in-vitro ruminal fermentationkinetics of these rations. An experiment was carried out with 20 weanling,female crossbred lambs (½Dorper x ½Santa Inês) aged 120 ± 8 days. Thetreatments were four R:C ratios of extruded forage (Foragge®) and extrudedconcentrate (Beef Total®) – 30%F:70%C, 40%F:60%C, 50%F:50%C, and60%F:40%C – distributed randomly with five replicates. The analysistargeted energy metabolites (VLDL, triglycerides, and cholesterol), hepaticmetabolites (alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyltransferase [GGT], andaspartate aminotransferase [AST]), and protein metabolites (total protein,uric acid, urea, creatinine, albumin, and globulin). In-vitro gas productionwas quantified by inoculating the extruded rations in bovine ruminal fluidwith the following forage:concentrate proportions evaluated: 30%F:70%C,40%F:60%C, 50%F:50%C, 60%F:40%C and 70%F:30%C. Fermentationkinetic values were compared using parallelism test and curve identity atthe error probability level of 5%. A regression study was used to compare themeans of the metabolites at the error probability level of 5%. Average drymatter intake data are provided descriptively. The extruded rationincreased the hepatic metabolites (GGT and AST) without compromising theliver and kept the energy metabolites stable. Similarly, the serumconcentration of protein metabolites remained at normal levelsrecommended to the ovine species. In-vitro fermentation pattern displayedhigh gas production associated with high ration digestibility. The extrudedration provides protein and energy supply to meet the animals’ nutritionalrequirements without compromising their health.
Sustainable Digital Preservation and Access of Heritage Knowledge in India
Authors: Ahmad Akhlak , Sharma Swadesh
Published: November 2020

India is an ancient country and its literature in the form of manuscripts is as rich as its culture. These heritage resources need to be documented and preserved by digitizing and securing them for future generations and also to make them accessible to the larger audience. This paper reviews scholarly literature and analyses it to understand the application of standards for digitisation, access, and preservation in the digital process by Indian institutions. Further, it explores the feasibility of establishing of national standards for sustainable digital preservation and retrieval of heritage resources across the country.
The Role of Hypoxic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Conditioned Medium in Increasing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGF) Levels and Collagen Synthesis to Accelerate Wound Healing
Authors: Sunarto Hadi , Trisnadi Setyo , Putra Agung , Sa'dyah Nur Anna Chalimah , Tjipta Arya , Chodidjah Chodidjah
Published: November 2020

Full-thickness wound are areas damage of skin associated with loss of epidermis and dermis. The wound healing mechanism consists proliferation, migration and remodeling. Hypoxic conditional medium of mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs-CM) contains lots of soluble molecules, such as protein growth factor and cytokine anti-inflammation. The soluble molecule of HMSCs-CM plays a critical role in wound healing by upregulation of VEGF and collagen synthesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMSCs-CM on VEGF and collagen concentrations in rats with incised wounds. The methods of this study were an experimental animal study with post-test only control group design was performed involving 24 Wistar rats. The rats were randomized into four groups consisting of sham, control and two treatment groups (gel of HMSCs-CM at doses of 200 μL and 400 μL). The VEGF levels and collagen density were analyses using ELISA assay and Masson-trichome specific staining, respectively. One-way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD were used to analyses the data. The results of this study showed that a VEGF levels was significant increased on day 6 with doses-dependent manner. Interestingly, the VEGF levels gradual decrease on day 9. In addition, the decreased of VEGF levels on day 9 in this study in line with our findings in which we found there was a trend in the decreased of collagen density, it indicated the completion of remodeling phase and there has been an acceleration in wound healing. This study demonstrated that HMSCs-CM were able to regulate VEGF levels and collagen synthesis in accelerate wound healing. The role of HMSCs-CM stimulate cutaneous wound healing should be clarified further.Keywords: hypoxic conditional medium of mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs-CM), vascular endothelial growth factor, collagen synthesis, paracrine factors
Study in Silico Compounds In 96% Ethanol Extract of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium (Trev.) Leaves Towards Alfa Estrogen Receptors
Authors: Mutiah Roihatul , Indrawijaya Yen Yen , Puspita Dwi
Published: November 2020

Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium (Trev.) is a plant that has potential as an anticancer. This study aimed to predict the inhibitor of estrogen alpha and toxicity of compounds in 96% ethanol extract of C. cinerariifolium leaves in silico. Prediction of the activity of metabolic profiling compounds produced by UPLC QToF MS/MS ethanol extract 96% of C. cinerariifolium leaves towards alpha estrogen receptors (ER-α) (5W9C) was carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker. The docking results showed that the compound (2-Methyl-1,4-piperazinediyl) bis-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-methanone and Azoxystrobin have good activity compared to Tamoxifen, because these compounds have a lower Rerank Score. The activity of the test compound is also shown by the bonding of active amino acids (Arg 394, Asp351, Glu 353, and Val 533). As for the toxicity class based on Globally Harmonized System (GHS) and Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) values, the ten docking compounds had a relatively low toxicity.Keywords: C. cinerariifolium, breast cancer, alpha estrogen, cytotoxic activity, toxicity
The Campo Pequeno Bullring in Lisbon’s Avenidas Novas
Authors: Henriques da Silva Raquel , Elias Margarida
Published: November 2020

This article is the result of an investigation about the Bullring of Campo Pequeno, which was inaugurated in 1892, being today one of the most emblematic buildings of the city of Lisbon. Although the history of this building has already been approached by other authors, this is a theme that worth is to be developed from the point of view of the history of art and the history of the nineteenth century, both from the point of view of the analysis of the revivalist architecture of the building, either from the point of view of its integration into a Lisbon area that was then being planned, the Avenidas Novas. In addition, the relevance of this building should be emphasized, in particular since it has few contemporary parallels, both at national and international level; and also, because its construction with brick and iron was an element of modernity that must be underlined. Furthermore, this study is a contribution to the field of Olisipography, which is specialised study in Lisbon's history.
Multidisciplinary and international virtual collaboration on the “Shared Garden” between the Universities of Bordeaux and León
Authors: Fernández-Raga María , Villard Thierry
Published: November 2020

This case study describes two iterations of a cross-disciplinary Virtual Exchange (VE) project developed between the Universities of Bordeaux (France) and León (Spain), involving students of Applied Physics and Measurement Engineering (APME), and Electrical Engineering. The students worked together on designing a real garden in Bordeaux within ecological and sustainable parameters. This Project-Based Learning (PBL) activity helped them develop both their content knowledge and their competences in English, teamwork, time management, and self-evaluation.
Zintegrowany system wsparcia studentów we współczesnej edukacji – dobre praktyki
Authors: Kot-Radojewska Magdalena
Published: November 2020

The paper argues about the role of higher education not only in terms of knowledge transfer andacquisition of vocational skills among young people, that is, the creation of qualified human capital  for the needs of the economy, but also in terms of implementation of the educational role of the university, one currently underrated. It is aimed at the education of creative, open-minded, responsible graduates, capable of understanding a dynamically changing reality, able to adapt to changes flexibly, and accept responsibility for their own development. The article presents an example of good practices in the field of comprehensive student support in higher education as developed by the University of Dąbrowa Górnicza. This approach, in addition to improving the professional potential of students, is also focused on forming their values, goals, attitudes and beliefs which will significantly affect their behavior and the way they use the acquired knowledge in the future.
Aspiracje edukacyjne rodziców i dzieci a osiągnięcia szkolne
Authors: Kozłowski Waldemar , Matczak Ewa
Published: November 2020

Numerous studies have found an association of educational aspirations of parents and children with their school achievement. The study verifies these relationships for about 5,000 people, a representative sample of parents and their children-primary school students. Three aspects of aspirations were taken into account: the maximum (desired), the feasible (expected) and the lowest acceptable. Expected aspirations of parents are mostly related to the achievements of children; students’ achievements are associated with both their feasible and maximum aspirations. There was a significant relationship between aspirations of parents and children and a strong correlation between parental aspirations and their level of education.
Serum insulin is associated with right ventricle function parameters and lung volumes in subjects free of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Krüchten Ricarda von , Lorbeer Roberto , Rospleszcz Susanne , Storz Corinna , Askani Esther , Kulka Charlotte , Rathmann Wolfgang , Peters Annette , Karrasch Stefan , Bamberg Fabian , Schlett Christopher , Mujaj Blerim
Published: November 2020

Background

Diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Even impaired levels of glucose and insulin might harm organ function prior to diabetes onset. Whether serum glucose or insulin plays a direct role in cardiac dysfunction or lung volume reduction remains unclear. The aim was to investigate the relationship between glucose and insulin with the right ventricle and lung volumes within KORA-MRI FF4 study.

Methods

From the KORA-MRI FF4 cohort study 337 subjects (mean age 55.7 ± 9.1 years; 43% women) underwent a whole-body 3T MRI scan. Cardiac parameters derived from a cine-steady-state free precession sequence using cvi42. MRI-based lung volumes derived semi-automatically using an in-house algorithm. Fasting serum glucose, fasting insulin levels, and HOMA index were calculated in all study subjects. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the relationships between glucose and insulin levels with right ventricle volumes and lung volumes adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results

In univariate and multivariate-adjusted models, high serum insulin was inversely associated with end-diastolic volume (β = −12.43, P < 0.001), end-systolic volume (β = −7.12, P < 0.001), stroke volume (β = −5.32, P < 0.001), but not with ejection fraction. The association remained significant after additional adjustment for lung volumes. Similarly, serum insulin was inversely associated with lung volume (β = −0.15, P = 0.04). Sensitivity analysis confirmed results after excluding subjects with known diabetes.

Conclusions

Serum insulin was inversely associated with right ventricle function and lung volumes in subjects from the general population free of cardiovascular disease, suggesting that increased insulin levels may contribute to subclinical cardiopulmonary circulation impairment.
Adipose tissue growth and development: the modulating role of ambient temperature
Authors: Symonds Michael E , Pope Mark , Bloor Ian , Law James , Alagal Reham , Budge Helen
Published: November 2020

Adipose tissue is usually laid down in small amounts in the foetus and is characterised as possessing small amounts of the brown adipose tissue-specific mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP)1. In adults, a primary factor determining the abundance and function of UCP1 is ambient temperature. Cold exposure causes activation and the rapid generation of heat through the free flow of protons across the mitochondria with no requirement to convert ADP to ATP. In rodents, housing at an ambient temperature below thermoneutrality promotes the appearance of beige like adipocytes. These arise as discrete regions of UCP1 containing cells in white fat depots. There is increasing evidence to show that to gain credible translational results on brown and beige fat function in rodent models that they should be housed at thermoneutrality. This not only reflects the type of environment in which humans spend a majority of their time, but is in accord with the rise of global temperature caused by industrialisation and the uncontrolled burning of fossil fuels. There is now good evidence in adult humans, that stimulating brown fat can improve glucose homeostasis which can be achieved either by nutritional or pharmacological interventions. The challenge, therefore, is to establish credible developmental models in animals maintained at thermoneutrality which will elucidate the true impact of nutrition. The primary focus should fall specifically on the components of breast milk and how these modulate long term effects on brown or beige fat development and function.
Métricas de autor Norhy Esther Torregrosa Jiménez
Authors: Camilo Alejandro Corchuelo Rodriguez , Cristian Alexander Vega Mosquera , Luz Marina Paez
Published: November 2020

Informe de las métricas de autor de la Dra. Norhy Esther Torregrosa Jiménez de las publicaciones indexadas en Google Académico cuyo objetivo es entregar un insumo para el fortalecimiento de las capacidades y potencialidades de los autores de la Universidad Santo Tomás en el posicionamiento y visibilidad de sus publicaciones
Métricas de autor Alejandro Gómez Jaramillo
Authors: Camilo Alejandro Corchuelo Rodriguez , Cristian Alexander Vega Mosquera , Luz Marina Paez
Published: November 2020

Informe de las métricas de autor del Dr. Alejandro Gómez Jaramillo de las publicaciones indexadas en Google Académico cuyo objetivo es entregar un insumo para el fortalecimiento de las capacidades y potencialidades de los autores de la Universidad Santo Tomás en el posicionamiento y visibilidad de sus publicaciones
Natural bio-based products for wood coating and protection against degradation: A Review
Authors: Teacă Carmen-Alice , Roşu Dan , Mustaţă Fănică , Rusu Teodora , Roşu Liliana , Roşca Irina , Varganici Cristian-Dragoş
Published: November 2020

Preservation of wood structures against degradation represents an old, and however, a new challenge. Wood, as a natural hybrid composite material, represents a versatile and widely exploited renewable resource for indoor and outdoor applications. Its constitutive biopolymers are subjected to intense and progressive oxidative degradation processes under environmental conditions of exposure, affecting wood’s native durability and generating significant structural and color changes, along with progressive diminution of its resistance against biological agents. One effective way to prevent wood degradation is to apply coating protective layers by chemical modification of the surface. In this context, increasing interest for improving wood coatings behavior under exposure to outdoor applications, when these are able to prevent or limit to a large extent the deleterious effects of environmental factors upon their performance, justifies enhanced research efforts to provide new effective solutions for sustainable wood protection. Recent trends in this area include use of bio-based natural products – extractives, oils, waxes, resins, biopolymers, biological control agents – for which the main classification criterion is represented by the type of protection provided, considering the large available variety of such formulations. The present paper focuses on the most recent literature data with significant assessment of specific topics related to these issues.
Diamond plant statistics, process efficiencies, liberation modelling, and simulation: The art of the possible
Authors: Dellas G.
Published: November 2020

SYNOPSIS The paper brings together the language of diamond numbers and the underlying principles for calculation of diamond liberation, followed by estimation of process efficiency at circuit and complete plant levels. In this way it provides a reference point, albeit a mixture of the theoretical and empirical, to assess the effectiveness of diamond plant accounting systems in the field. Having established today's baseline, the wider aim is ongoing education, peer technical debate, and progression to a more exact science. Keywords: diamonds, liberation, recovery, modelling.
The impact of equipment productivity and pushback width on the mine planning process
Authors: Araya A.S. , Nehring M. , Vega E.T. , Miranda N.S.
Published: November 2020

SYNOPSIS Conventional mine planning processes result in the selection of pushback widths that maximize equipment productivity. This paper challenges the current notion that pushback width should be set at the distance that assures maximum equipment productivity. A hypothetical case study is presented, which shows that the value of a project may increase beyond that determined by traditional planning practices. It was found that it may be better to deploy more aggressive mining strategies, which are likely to result in greater operational complexity and thus reduced equipment productivity. A higher equipment productivity, which often corresponds to wider (and therefore a lower number of) pushbacks, will also often result in later ore extraction and require higher capital costs. Keywords: open pit mining, pushback width, mine planning, schemes of exploitation, mining rate, equipment utilization.
The effects of the flipped classroom on deep learning strategies and engagement at the undergraduate level
Authors: HAVA Kevser
Published: November 2020

The flipped classroom is a popular teaching method where course content is transferred to students through online resources to implement more active learning strategies in-class time. The study aims to investigate the effects of the flipped classroom on deep learning strategies and engagement at the undergraduate level, alongside students’ perspectives toward the flipped classroom. The research involved 97 freshmen students in Turkey. During a 7-week application process, the experimental group students learned the course content with the flipped classroom method, whereas the control group students learned the course content through the traditional method. The findings of the study revealed that the flipped classroom was more effective than the traditional method in terms of using deep learning strategies and increasing the levels of cognitive and emotional engagement. However, there was no difference in behavioral engagement levels between the experimental and control groups. The findings also showed that viewing pre-recorded videos before coming to class enabled students to comprehend course content better and easier. Flipped learning enabled students to develop their research and application skills. Technical facilities were the biggest difficulty for students in flipped learning. The implications for flipped learning are also discussed, including several techniques for controlling students’ viewing lecture videos and providing alternative course materials to students.