bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Challenge of Roman Law and Jurisdiction
Authors: Berthelot Katell
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores Roman power, which was not simply about the military, but it also took a judicial form. As Clifford Ando has demonstrated, the imperial administrative and judicial system played an important role in the consensual adhesion to Roman rule of provincial populations. The chapter considers one of the factors that made Roman law and jurisdiction particularly challenging for the Jews, beyond its intrinsic connection with Roman rule, which was the Romans' claim that their laws were far superior to those of other peoples. The chapter analyzes the relationship between Roman and Jewish law, comparing them on specific legal issues and pointing out some common features. The Romans were unique in developing law as an independent field of knowledge and technical competence, distinct from religious precepts.
Care Communities Today
Authors: Schaffer Talia
Published: May 2022

This chapter analyzes how care's communal dynamics might inform reading practices and understanding of character formations. It explains why it matters to understand care as an action rather than a feeling and develops the key term, “care community,” by showing its roots as a mechanism for survival among people of color, queer people, disabled folks, and radical activists. Just as characters can be understood relationally, not only as individuals, so too human flourishing can be read in terms of care communities, not only nuclear families. This chapter uses a wider lens that can show more ways of envisioning people in combination with one another. It highlights how care communities work by looking at some exceptionally well-developed examples produced before professional medical care became the norm.
Beyond Sympathy
Authors: Schaffer Talia
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores the pathology of feeling without acting, and by vesting it in George Eliot's last novel, Daniel Deronda (1876) to explain the ways in which sympathy, sentiment, and care work on a geopolitical scale. This critique of feeling constituted a major shift for Eliot, for she strongly endorsed sympathy in her earlier work. It cites “The Natural History of German Life” in 1856, wherein Eliot imagined subjectivity rooted in tradition and landscape. The chapter talks about appeals founded on generalizations and statistics that require a sympathy ready made, a moral sentiment already in activity. A picture of human life such as a great artist can give, surprises even the trivial and the selfish into that attention to what is apart from themselves, which may be called the raw material of moral sentiment.
The Stages of Early Greek Thought
Authors: Billings Joshua
Published: May 2022

This concluding chapter outlines some of the possibilities of the book's approach to scenic thought for the Platonic dialogue. This has a dual goal. First, it demonstrates how attention to drama as a philosophical form improves one's grasp of continuity and rupture in classical Greek intellectual history. It also suggests ways that the study of Platonic dialogue might investigate scenic form as a mode of thought. While sensitive readers of Plato's dialogue have always been attentive to its formal heterogeneity, there has been a tendency to see the forms and genres it incorporates as in some kind of tension with content—rather than, as this chapter proposes, an organic element of the dialogue's method.
Learning from others
Authors: Gershman Samuel
Published: May 2022

This chapter talks about a book The Secret of Our Success by anthropologist Joe Henrich that tells the tales of two shipwrecked expeditions that met very different fates—one perishing, the other surviving—despite comparable training, technology, and supplies. Henrich's point is that big brains on their own are not very useful and that the key evolutionary advantage of humans is the ability to learn from one another. It emphasizes that many psychologists have documented many apparently stupid social learning behaviors, granting that social learning is the secret of success. The chapter takes a closer look at some of the social learning behaviors and make the argument that they are more intelligent than they appear. It includes the rationality of conformity has been studied by economists using the idea of an information cascade.
Equality, Prescription, and Choice
Authors: Phillips Anne
Published: May 2022

This chapter focuses on concerns that have arisen in feminism that recent appeals to equality are licensing an unhealthy politics of victimhood and complaint. It addresses concerns about equality as presciption that have helped drive it down the feminist agenda. Equality is not, as the chapter shows, about conformity to a previously conceived norm. It is not, then, to be equated with sameness or regarded as the opposite of difference. The worries about regulation or prescription nonetheless arise because there is a problem with systemic difference. It can be hard to challenge these without offering what some will regard as overly prescriptive notions of what constitutes living as equals. In addressing this worry, the chapter turns to recent arguments in the literature to the effect that what matters is not so much being able to delineate equality or justice as being able to identify inequality and injustice.
Kihawahine
Authors: Penny H. Glenn
Published: May 2022

This chapter traces the discovery of Kihawahine, a statue of the mother goddess and a high-ranking Hawaiian deity by Eduard Arning in Hawai'i in the mid-1880s. It highlights the twenty-six years of negotiations after the Museum für Völkerkunde in Dresden returned four iwi kūpuna (ancestral Hawaiian skeletal remains) taken from Hawaiian graves between 1896 and 1902. The chapter then introduces Greg Johnson, a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado, and a team of cultural practitioners and repatriation experts, led by Halealoha Ayau. The chapter emphasizes that the exchange marked the first time a Saxon museum had repatriated human remains back to the place from which they originated. It also argues that the exchange signaled a new beginning—the beginning of an enduring relationship in the place of previously fraught political tensions. The chapter concludes by investigating Arning's access to many levels of Hawaiian culture and society. It then considers how he used that access to take part in what for him and many others was one of the most exciting scientific pursuits of his time: a vast ethnographic project.
Guatemalan Textiles
Authors: Penny H. Glenn
Published: May 2022

This chapter focuses on the man who created an impressive collection of more than 1,300 Guatemalan textiles: Carlos W. Elmenhorst. A small metal box sits proudly today in the MARKK: Museum am Rothenbaum: World Cultures and Arts (formerly the Hamburgisches Museum für Völkerkunde). The chapter then explores how Adolf Bastian engaged in keen competition with other German and non-German museums. It reveals how the institutions and the ethnologists in them exchanged doubles from their collections, trained and employed one another's assistants, and launched jointly sponsored expeditions to Africa, Asia, South America, the South Seas and other parts of the world that were underrepresented in their collections. Examining the German communities in Guatemala, the chapter offers a fantastic example of the persistent networks that animated German archaeology and ethnology for more than a century. It provides us with an ideal opportunity to go deep into those kinds of networks to see how they took shape and persisted over time. Understanding that process, the chapter then explains why so many objects and collections ended up in German museums, and why they continued to flow into German museums long after the heyday of German colonialism and empire.
Third Ways
Authors: Farrell Joseph
Published: May 2022

This chapter refers to binary choices, even when choice is difficult, or perhaps especially then, are seductive in their apparent simplicity, compelling because they restrict the number of possible outcomes while promising a definitive resolution. It cites a few dichotomies that encompass all possibilities, and many misrepresent the complexity of how things really are. They also have a way of breaking down into pluralities: dialogue becomes polyphony, formal duel pitched battle or mere melee. The chapter recounts privileging of the Homeric binary that will represent the Aeneid—and indeed Homer himself—in terms that some will find too simple and schematic, limiting the universe of possibilities to Iliad or Odyssey, Achilles or Odysseus. Whether in literary, ethical, social, or other terms, this dilemma exists within an array of other possibilities that is much wider and more complex.
Introduction
Authors: Rush Rebecca M.
Published: May 2022

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the idea of rhyme as a binding force, which is fundamental to poetic theory in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Early modern poets consistently imagined rhyme as a band, fetter, or link that tied the poem together. Indeed, many theorists believed that rhyme's connective function made it essential to the structural integrity of verse. This understanding of rhyme as a band, fetter, or jointure made it apt to be seen as an analogy for other types of bonds, particularly those that unite friends, lovers, or political communities. Therefore, the same questions that fascinated sonneteers and plagued political theorists—What powers can bind the freeborn mind? Are these powers natural or artificial? What is the scope of individual liberty? Can limitation be productive?—also animated debates about rhyme and its place in English verse. By telling the dynamic story of rhyme from Elizabeth's reign—when the couplet was a sign of ancient liberty—to the Restoration, this book investigates what it meant for poets to subject themselves to what they so often described as the bands or fetters of rhyme.
Pacifying the Seas
Authors: Macauley Melissa
Published: May 2022

This chapter describes the cultural boundlessness of Chaozhou, which extends across the seas and is an integral part of that transnational water world. It traces Chaozhou's maritime history that is a chronicle of southeast coastal China as well as Southeast Asia. Chaozhou is part of the Southeast Asian “water frontier,” a borderland that Nola Cooke and Li Tana describe as a fluid transnational and multiethnic economic zone. The chapter considers Chaozhou as a zone increasingly dominated by Chinese merchants from Guangdong and Fujian and politically controlled by an assortment of monarchs, pirates, sultans, and, eventually, European colonialists by the early modern era. The profits generated by Chaozhou from trade with the Japanese, Southeast Asians, and Chinese in other regions produced a translocal Chaozhou commercial class.
Qingxiang
Authors: Macauley Melissa
Published: May 2022

This chapter looks at the most immediate effect of the qingxiang campaign, which was a dramatic spike in emigration after 1869 in terms of the translocal history of Chaozhou. Fang Yao and his forces did not merely execute inhabitants of feuding and rebellious villages. It discusses how the sudden arrival of thousands of men fleeing a campaign against rebels, pirates, smugglers, and swashbuckling braves had significant repercussions. The chapter covers Fang's pacification campaign that constituted an important event in the entangled history of the South China Sea. British authorities in the Straits Settlements were puzzled by an upsurge in criminality in the colony after 1869.
Conclusion
Authors: Ashworth Scott , Berry Christopher R. , Mesquita Ethan Bueno De
Published: May 2022

This chapter considers the formal theory and the credibility revolution as natural partners that, together, can support a richer and more productive dialogue between theory and empirics than has ever before been possible. The chapter reviews a framework for how this partnership works and how that framework supports a variety of productive and interesting interactions between theory and empirics. The practice of both theoretical and empirical political science will surely continue to advance in coming years. The chapter stresses that the framework for linking theory and empirics, and the variety of interactions it supports, will continue to provide conceptual guidance, even as methods evolve. It confirms that having a framework for thinking about the relationship between theory and empirics, and seeing the exciting opportunities it reveals, will give scholars the perspective and confidence needed to make their greatest contribution.
Introduction
Authors: Miller Michael K.
Published: May 2022

This chapter discusses the book's sample of democratic transitions, the general methodological approach focusing on the paths, threats to causal inference, and alternative explanations. It examines all 139 democratic transitions from 1800 to 2014, focusing on how shocks and ruling parties explain and predict democratization. It also provides a case-based qualitative analysis of successful transitions. The chapter explains how the paths illuminate stable autocracies and covers quantitative testing that predict democratization in a full sample of autocracies. It describes how democracy is defined and reviews the consistency of findings using other democracy measures, including cases since 1800 that give the most comprehensive qualitative analysis of democratization to date.
International Shocks
Authors: Miller Michael K.
Published: May 2022

This chapter focuses on the violent international events that most dramatically upend the autocratic status quo: defeat in foreign war and the withdrawal of an autocratic hegemon. These are cataclysmic events that clearly weaken autocratic regimes and provide openings for democratization. It looks at two cases where the shock was initiated with a democratizing aim, although some actors drawn into war later developed such an intention. The chapter discusses international shocks — from the Napoleonic Wars to Japan's occupation of Vietnam during World War II to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan — that birthed armed revolution or state collapse. Outcomes were only partly determined by external powers' intentions: pro-democratic designs succeeded in postwar Japan and Germany but failed in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Labor in the Age of Finance
Authors: Jacoby Sanford M.
Published: May 2022

Since the 1970s, American unions have shrunk dramatically, as has their economic clout. This book traces the search for new sources of power, showing how unions turned financialization to their advantage. The book catalogs the array of allies and finance-based tactics labor deployed to stanch membership losses in the private sector. By leveraging pension capital, unions restructured corporate governance around issues like executive pay and accountability. In Congress, they drew on their political influence to press for corporate reforms in the wake of business scandals and the financial crisis. The effort restrained imperial CEOs but could not bridge the divide between workers and owners. Wages lagged behind investor returns, feeding the inequality identified by Occupy Wall Street. And labor's slide continued. The book explores the paradox of capital bestowing power to labor in the tumultuous era of Enron, Lehman Brothers, and Dodd-Frank.
Organizing Finance
Authors: Jacoby Sanford M.
Published: May 2022

This chapter explains how private equity rode the easy-credit wave associated with financialization. A different opportunity arose after the financial crash as bank employees became traumatized as their employers tottered and offered labor, specifically the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), another group of prospective members. The chapter mentions private equity funds that purchase companies, take them private, and hope to sell for a profit after several years to a different private equity firm or to the public. The chapter discusses general partners that invest money from the limited partners in a buyout fund with a fixed duration, usually ten years. Private equity was a throwback to the leveraged buyouts of the 1980s, epitomized by the acquisition of Nabisco by KKR, the protagonist in the popular account of the incident, Barbarians at the Gate.
Epilogue
Authors: Jacoby Sanford M.
Published: May 2022

This chapter discusses the financial crisis, which was devastating for working people and for the labor movement. It took nine years for unemployment rates and household incomes to return to their pre-crisis levels and unions lost 1.2 million members in the private sector between 2008 and 2012, after which numbers drifted back up. The chapter explores how the labor force expanded more rapidly, pushing union density down to rock bottom in 2019. It reviews the struggle to rebuild the labor movement that led to major changes in structure and strategy, including financial activism. Despite the odds, Change to Win (CTW) and its affiliated unions pulled out the stops after the financial crisis.
Supervised Learning In Asset Pricing
Authors: Nagel Stefan
Published: May 2022

This chapter looks at many prediction problems in asset pricing that are of high-dimensional nature in a large number of observable variables that could have useful predictive information. For example, in stock return prediction a huge number of variables could potentially be relevant as predictors. It covers firm characteristics from accounting data, signals extracted from textual information in corporate disclosures, variables summarizing the history of price and trading volume, information in media reports, and many other variables that could potentially contain predictive information. The chapter describes the existing literature in asset pricing that has dealt with this high-dimensionality by imposing ad hoc sparsity. Rather than considering large numbers of predictors simultaneously, researchers often consider small sets of predictors in isolation.
A Research Agenda
Authors: Nagel Stefan
Published: May 2022

This chapter focuses on the on cross-section of stock returns in research opportunities and related potential applications in other areas of asset pricing. It begins with empirical applications of machine learning (ML) tools, noting that part of the challenge in empirical work is to sort out how to select and tweak ML methods to be most useful in asset pricing applications. Some progress has been made, but many questions remain about economically appropriate methods of regularization, the role of nonlinearities, and how to deal with structural change in the underlying data-generating process. The chapter discusses areas where application of ML methods seems promising and fall into the area of asset demand analysis. It offers some suggestions on how asset pricing theory could advance by adopting ML as a model of investor belief formation in high-dimensional environments.
Meandering
Authors: Mann Jenny C.
Published: May 2022

This chapter employs the figurative motions of the meander, a line that must move backward in order to travel forward, to track the presence of the Greek sublime in early modern English poetry and poetic theory. The backward turn is the paradigmatic gesture of the Orpheus myth: Orpheus's fatal turn back returns Eurydice to the Underworld and also becomes a sign of the persuasive force of Orphic song. The chapter highlights that the figure of the meander appears in the poetry of both Virgil and Ovid and also frames multiple Romano-British Orpheus mosaics. It then demonstrates how the meander expresses the time-bending power of the Orpheus myth, which reverses cause and effect in its symbolic depiction of literary transmission. The chapter argues that Sappho is the “transumed,” or hidden, link that joins Orpheus to Ovid in the text of the Metamorphoses and enables the construction of a literary genealogy that connects ancient Greece to Augustan Rome to early modern England. Ovid's tale of Orpheus passes through Sappho so as to transmit what Longinus terms the “nervous force” of the sublime to readers of the Metamorphoses. It then considers how these transumptions transform these poets into instruments for the transmission of literary history.
Softening
Authors: Mann Jenny C.
Published: May 2022

This chapter begins by investigating the complicated virtue of softness and softening in the classical and early modern language arts. Having established the “drawing” force of verbal eloquence, which places makers and audiences in thrall to desire and to language, the chapter specifies the dissolute texture of that thralldom. It follows how the complex gendering of the Orphic figure shapes conceptions of verbal persuasion and literary transmission in early modern England. Through Ovid's revaluing of softening as poetic force, this chapter also reveals how normative sex/gender configurations fail to account for the gender or the desires of the Orphic poet. Ultimately, it examines the elaboration of a “soft” poetics in Marlowe's English translation of Ovid's Amores (ca. 1599), which presents softness as the very ground of poetic invention. The chapter then suggests that the early modern discourse of poetic softness is a queer discourse of sexuality without or, perhaps, in excess of gender.
New Lefts
Authors: Renaud Terence
Published: May 2022

In the 1960s, the radical youth of Western Europe's New Left rebelled against the democratic welfare state and their parents' antiquated politics of reform. It was not the first time an upstart leftist movement was built on the ruins of the old. This book traces the history of neoleftism from its antifascist roots in the first half of the twentieth century, to its postwar reconstruction in the 1950s, to its explosive reinvention by the 1960s counterculture. The book demonstrates why the left in Europe underwent a series of internal revolts against the organizational forms of established parties and unions. It describes how small groups of militant youth such as New Beginning in Germany tried to sustain grassroots movements without reproducing the bureaucratic, hierarchical, and supposedly obsolete structures of Social Democracy and Communism. Neoleftist militants experimented with alternative modes of organization such as councils, assemblies, and action committees. However, the book reveals that these same militants, decades later, often came to defend the very institutions they had opposed in their youth. The book tells the story of generations of antifascists, left socialists, and anti-authoritarians who tried to build radical democratic alternatives to capitalism and kindle hope in reactionary times.
Social Democratic Modernization
Authors: Renaud Terence
Published: May 2022

This chapter explores social democratic modernization. Economic recovery went unevenly across Western Europe, but it had the help of the US Marshall Plan wherein post-war economies regained or surpassed their pre-war levels of production. Soviet efforts at postcolonial development acted as a powerful accelerator of modernization. Capitalism thrived as well. The chapter also highlights how the perceptions of social classes changed as employers and employees entered a mutually beneficial social partnership. It highlights the contributions of Richard Löwenthal and Fritz Erler to social democratic modernization. The usual paradigm of historians for the transformation of the German Social Democratic Party and West German society in the 1950s is the Westernization thesis.
Conclusion to Part I
Authors: Anderson Elisabeth
Published: May 2022

The regulatory welfare state began with child labor laws, but the causal factors highlighted by existing theoretical approaches—industrialization, class-based mobilizations, social unrest, and institutional feedbacks—were not enough to generate these laws on their own. In the early and mid-nineteenth century, states outside the United Kingdom lacked labor movements with the will and resources to effectively demand protection for working children. They also lacked institutionalized administrative channels through which a countermovement against industrial capitalism’s most extreme abuses could be mounted by the state from within. Instead, entrepreneurial middle-class and elite reformers took the lead in this era of regulatory welfare development. These individuals’ ideas and strategies were instrumental to the passage or failure of early child labor laws. At the same time, social, political, and institutional context clearly constrained as well as enabled their political agency. The task is not to reduce institutional change to policy entrepreneurship but rather to clarify its interaction with other causally relevant factors in the policy field and broader society....
Restoring Solidarity and Domesticity
Authors: Anderson Elisabeth
Published: May 2022

This chapter considers Otto von Bismarck as a well-known figure in the birth of the modern welfare state, which was the driving force behind Germany's pathbreaking accident, sickness, and old-age insurance programs of the 1880s. In 1873, Germany, along with the rest of Europe and the United States, was plunged into a depression that lasted more than a decade, and Bismarck vehemently opposed any worker protections that might slow recovery. The chapter focuses mainly on the political maneuvering of a high-ranking bureaucrat in the Prussian Ministry of Commerce, Theodor Lohmann, the architect and prime mover behind Germany's factory inspection law. The chapter describes Lohmann as an emblematic of a new breed of bureaucratic specialist in whom the Prussian state increasingly invested toward the end of the nineteenth century.
History of Mathematics Education in China
Authors: Mustafa Ade Nandang
Published: May 2022

China has a very long history of contributing to human civilisation, including its contribution to mathematics development. The Chinese had discovered many essential theories and concepts in mathematics long before the more famous Western mathematicians. Many of China's theories and concepts thousands of years ago have become references to many Western mathematicians. This paper traces the development of mathematics in China from all the dynasties in its history, including the development of mathematical theory, mathematical texts, and the famous mathematical figures of his time.
Efektivitas Pendekatan Somatik, Audio, Visual, Dan Intelektual Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pecahan
Authors: . Tajudin , Alghadari Fiki , Hamid Rifki Ahmad Jauhari
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektif atau tidaknya pendekatan somatik, audio, visual, dan intelektual (SAVI) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar pecahan. Fokus penelitian pada perbedaan hasil belajar matematika siswa yang dengan pendekatan SAVI dan pendekatan konvensional. Penelitian ini dengan metode kuantitatif, quasi eksperimen, dan disain kelompok kontrol hanya postes. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan instrumen tes berbentuk uraian yang telah memenuhi uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa sekolah dasar yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Analisis data hasil belajar menggunakan uji perbedaan rata-rata dua kelompok pembelajaran atau uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelompok pendekatan SAVI lebih baik dari pada siswa kelompok pendekatan Kvsl. Pendekatan SAVI efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa khususnya hasil belajar pecahan. Pendekatan SAVI merupakan salah satu alternatif pembelajaran matematika.
Hubungan Antara Self-Efficacy, Kecemasan Matematika, Dan Pemahaman Matematis
Authors: Auliya Risma Nurul , . Munasiah
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self-efficacy, kecemasan matematika, dan pemahaman matematis. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yang digunakan meliputi seluruh siswa di salah satu SMP di Depok. Sampel penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas VIII. Masalah yang diteliti, yaitu pengaruh langsung self-efficacy terhadap kemampuan pemahaman matematis, kecemasan matematika terhadap kemampuan pemahaman matematis, self-efficacy terhadap kecemasan matematika dan sebaliknya, serta pengaruh tidak langsung self-efficacy terhadap pemahaman matematis melalui kecemasan matematika, dan kecemasan matematika terhadap pemahaman matematis melalui self-efficacy. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh langsung yang bernilai positif self-efficacy terhadap kemampuan pemahaman matematis, pengaruh langsung yang bernilai negatif kecemasan matematika terhadap kemampuan pemahaman matematis, pengaruh langsung yang bernilai negatif self-efficacy terhadap kecemasan matematika, pengaruh langsung yang bernilai negatif kecemasan matematika terhadap self-efficacy, serta pengaruh tidak langsung yang bernilai positif self-efficacy terhadap pemahaman matematis melalui kecemasan matematika, dan pengaruh tidak langsung yang bernilai negatif kecemasan matematika terhadap pemahaman matematis melalui self-efficacy.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Inkuiri Model Silver Terhadap Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa SMP
Authors: Rahmawati Inri
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pembelajaran Inkuiri Model Silver terhadap kemampuan representasi matematis baik secara keseluruhan maupun ditinjau dari kemampuan awal matematik siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain kelompok kontrol non-ekuivalen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran Inkuiri Model Silver tidak lebih baik daripada siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran biasa; Peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran Inkuiri Model Silver tidak lebih baik daripada siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran biasa; Peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran Inkuiri Model Silver tidak berbeda secara signifikan ditinjau dari kemampuan awal matematika (atas, tengah, bawah).
Pengembangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis Melalui Discovery Learning
Authors: Purwaningrum Jayanti Putri
Published: May 2022

Kurikulum 2013 mengisyaratkan pentingnya mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif tersebut salah satunya yaitu melalui pembelajaran matematika dengan menerapkan discovery learning. Makalah ini merupakan dasar pemikiran bagi pelaksana kurikulum di sekolah agar dapat menumbuhkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa di kelas. Informasi tentang kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis diperoleh berdasarkan kajian literature. Hasil kajian diharapkan bahwa discovery learning yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar di kelas dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa.
Strategi Means-Ends Analysis (MEA) Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa
Authors: Nurhadi Moh
Published: May 2022

Pengaruh strategi Means-Ends Analysis (MEA) dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa SMP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan Pencapaian dan peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis antara siswa yang mendapat pembelajaran dengan strategi Means-Ends Analysis (MEA) dengan siswa yang mendapat pembelajaran Ekspositori. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen. Dengan sampel terdiri dari 77 orang siswa kelas VII yang berasal dari dua kelas pada salah satu SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Lembang. Kelas petama mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan strategi Means-Ends Analysis (MEA) dan kelas kedua mendapatkan pembelajaran Ekspositori. Kedua kelas diberikan pretes dan postes kemampuan penalaran matematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) terdapat perbedaan pencapaian kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa; (2) terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa; (3) terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa berdasarkan kemampuan awal matematika siswa seluruhnya; (4) tidak terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan kemampuan awal matematika siswa terhadap peningkatan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa.
Implementasi pendekatan Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa SMK
Authors: Periatna Dadang , Putri Mubarika Melinda , Yaniawati Poppy
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah serta motivasi belajar siswa setelah implementasi pendekatan Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). Selain itu, dikaji juga aktivitas guru dan siswa terhadap pembelajaran yang menggunakan Pendekatan Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI Jurusan Teknik Komputer Jaringan SMK Negeri 1 Haurwangi Kabupaten Cianjur tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Dengan sampelnya diambil secara acak dua kelas, satu kelas diberikan perlakuan dengan pendekatan Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) dan kelas yang satunya lagi dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah, lembar ahli media, lembar observasi aktivitas siswa disertai angket motivasi belajar. Analisis data menggunakan metode Mixed Method Embedded. Data yang digunakan untuk menguji perbedaan rata-rata uji t atau uji mann whitney dan deskripsi. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa (1) proses perancangan dan mengembangkan alat STEM menghasilkan produk yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. (2) Peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah yang mendapatkan implementasi pendekatan STEM lebih baik daripada siswa yang mendapat pembelajaran konvensional; (3) respon positif terhadap pembelajaran Matematika dengan menggunakan pendekatan STEM
Kajian Peran Internet of Thing dalam Topik Healthcare
Authors: Tjipto Agung Rahadyan , Dewantoro Gunawan
Published: May 2022

Kesehatan dan healthcare menjadi hal penting saat ini mengingat pandemi Covid-19 yang sedang berlangsung. Internet of Things merupakan salah satu topik yang dapat mencakup aspek kesehatan dan healthcare serta telah diterapkan di kedua aspek tersebut. Beberapa fitur Internet of Things yang sudah diterapkan dapat membantu mengembangkan fasilitas yang dapat menjaga kesehatan manusia serta fasilitas kesehatan yang merupakan kebutuhan penting saat ini. Banyak hal yang mempengaruhi kondisi kesehatan manusia. Beberapa di antaranya dapat berupa kebersihan lingkungan, kondisi di dalam rumah, dan kualitas udara dalam dan luar ruangan. Internet of Things dapat membantu memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut dengan fitur-fitur seperti mengelola dan memantau kualitas udara, Smart Living, dan Smart Home. Fitur yang dimiliki Smart Home dapat menjaga kualitas kesehatan psikis dan fisik manusia. Smart Home dapat membantu menjaga kesehatan lingkungan karena memiliki fitur untuk membuat konsumsi listrik lebih hemat dan mengurangi pemborosan listrik. Artikel ini bertujuan menyelidiki hubungan antara Internet of Things dan penerapannya dalam topik kesehatan dengan memberikan gambaran tentang contoh fitur Internet of Things yang telah dikerjakan di bidang healthcare pada artikel lain yang diterbitkan. Artikel ini juga memberikan gambaran tentang perkembangan topik kesehatan hingga saat ini yang telah mengalami revolusi menuju sistem Healthcare 4.0.
Financial Technology dalam Industri Finansial: Survey Paper
Authors: Nakalelo Juntiya , Sahay A S
Published: May 2022

Pada makalah ini akan menjelaskan kegunaan serta pengertian dan kegunaan mengenai financial technology dalam industri keuangan. Dalam bidang keuangan banyak yang menggunakannya sebagai inovasi. Fintech merupakan sebuah istilah baru terhadap sebuah teknologi maju yang memanfaatkan internet. Financial Technology juga mampu membantu layanan untuk mengelola keuangan dengan memanfaatkan digital berupa data besar, rantai blok dan investasi dalam bidang keuangan. Dalam studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam penerapan Financial Technology terdapat teknology yang dapat membantu dalam pelayanan untuk algoritmanya menggunakan Artifical intelligence (AI), mengetahui perilaku pelangkan menggunakan Big Data dan Blockchain untuk menghubungkan jaringan yang ikut untuk membantu pelayanan.
Pembangunan Aplikasi Web sebagai Media Edukasi Pernikahan Pasangan Muda menggunakan Metode Prototyping
Authors: Subhiyakto Egia Rosi , Pratiwi Mutia Rahmi , Hapsari Swita Amalia
Published: May 2022

Marriage is one phases in life which most adults will experience. Regarding marriage, it has become a government priority, as stated in the national development policy, especially in the 2020-2024 RPJMN. The problem that often arises, especially in young couples, is the lack of knowledge about the ins and outs of marriage, causing former marriage and leading to divorce. In this study, we developed an educational media as a website that the public can access. The system development method that we use is the prototyping method. The choice of this method is because of the intense communication between developers and application users, so that we can improve the application prototypes that are built in the future. There are several channels that we provide in order to provide information about parenting, marriage, family, community, and MendadakTanya which we aim for to ask questions with experts in family health. Based on the results of testing the prototype using the black box testing method, the results got are suitable for all the features in the application. Further research will be carried out on the development, improvement and addition of features based on the results of input and evaluation from application users.
Pengembangan Prototipe Aplikasi Trackampus sebagai Presensi Mahasiswa Menggunakan QR Code dan Location-Based Service
Authors: Atmakusuma Cindy Deviana , Lianury Gabrielle Enjelina Aurellia , Yauri David , Lisangan Erick Alfons
Published: May 2022

Hingga saat ini kebanyakan sistem presensi mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi masih menggunakan cara konvensional, yaitu dengan cara mencatat kehadiran mahasiswa dengan mengedarkan kertas presensi yang nantinya akan ditandatangani oleh mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu, data kehadiran mahasiswa yang dilakukan secara manual tidak dapat sepenuhnya dianggap valid karena adanya banyak kemungkinan kecurangan yang terjadi. Selain dari itu, adanya resiko kehilangan data presensi juga terkadang menyulitkan pihak kampus dan dosen dalam melakukan rekapitulasi data. Hal tersebut juga merupakan salah satu faktor tidak efisiennya pendataan presensi manual. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, diperoleh solusi baru dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan presensi, yaitu dengan merancang prototipe aplikasi TracKampus yang dapat membantu pihak kampus dan dosen untuk mengelola data presensi mahasiswa. Aplikasi ini dapat melacak lokasi terkini mahasiswa tidak hanya dengan melacak titik koordinat mahasiswa secara longitude dan latitude, melainkan dapat juga dilacak berdasarkan ketinggian (altitude) sehingga informasi mengenai lokasi terkini mahasiswa yang diperoleh lebih akurat. Aplikasi ini juga dilengkapi dengan fitur scan QR code yang terletak pada setiap pintu ruang kelas sehingga sesaat setelah mahasiswa mengscan QR code tersebut, kehadiran mahasiswa akan tercatat pada sistem database di kampus.
Performance Evaluation of Fully Depleted Silicon on Insulator MOSFET
Authors:   Department of ECE, Integral University, Lucknow, India., Kumar Sharma Yogendra , Khan Imran Ullah ,   Department of ECE, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
Published: May 2022

VLSI technology development nowadays is mostly focused on the downsizing of semiconductor devices, which is significantly reliant on advancements in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. Due to capacitance, shorter channel length, body biassing, faster-switching transistor, limited variability, and faster running transistor, Silicon-on-Insulator technology has seen a lot of changes. In comparison to traditional bulk technology, Silicon on Insulator offers intriguing new possibilities. The recent stalling of advancement in CMOS technology has been noticed. A fully depleted silicon on the insulator provides additional performance. Power usage and communication speed are two areas where performance can be improved. Silicon on insulator technology has the potential to reduce power consumption by nearly half while increasing speed by about 40%. Using the Atlas module of the SILVACO software, the research presents a comprehensive analysis of silicon on insulator-based nano metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors. Atlas is used to virtually construct a 20 nm silicon on insulator MOSFET. The gate metals employed are Aluminum, N. poly, W (Tungsten), and WSi2 (Tungsten Silicide), and their respective characteristics are obtained and compared. Finally, WSi2 was chosen as the final gate metal because it has the desired band offset, resulting in a positive threshold voltage without the need for any further implants in the channel region. Other metrics are collected, such as the variation of ID vs. VGS features at various values. There is also a fluctuation in drain current as a function of drain to source voltage.
The role of genetic factors in familial case of acne
Authors: Demina OM , Rumyantsev AG , Potekaev NN
Published: May 2022

Acne is one of the most common dermatoses. A prominent genetic component for this disease has been reported and the manifestation in first-line relatives is considered an important risk factor. Here we present a clinical case illustrating the relevance of particular genetic polymorphisms mapped to NCF1, CD3E, ORAI1, IGHM and TAZ in patients with severe forms and burdened family history of the disease. Genetic examination identified the same allelic variants in five candidate target genes (NCF1, CD3E, ORAI1, IGHM and TAZ) in two closely related patients (father and son) with severe acne. The identified genetic configuration may interfere with the oxidase activity and promote defects in mitochondrial function along with reduced T cell proliferation and imbalanced immunoglobulin production. The findings may provide an important reference point for further clinical investigation and treatment of severe torpid dermatoses.
Rol' geneticheskih faktorov pri semejnom sluchae akne
Authors: Демина О. М. , Румянцев А. Г. , Потекаев Н. Н.
Published: May 2022

V nastoyashchee vremya akne otnositsya k naibolee rasprostranennym dermatozam. Soobshchaetsya o roli geneticheskoj predraspolozhennosti k razvitiyu zabolevaniya. Pokazano, chto faktorom riska razvitiya dermatoza mozhet byt' nalichie bolezni u rodstvennikov pervoj linii rodstva. Predstavlen sluchaj identifikacii i opredeleniya znachimosti polimorfizma genov NCF1, CD3E, ORAI1, IGHM, TAZ u bol'nyh tyazhelymi formami zabolevaniya s otyagoshchennym semejnym anamnezom. Provedennye issledovaniya pozvolili vyyavit' identichnye allel'nye varianty v pyati genah: NCF1, CD3E, ORAI1, IGHM, TAZ u dvuh blizkorodstvennyh pacientov (otec i syn) s akne tyazheloj stepeni. Polimorfizmy izuchennyh genov, veroyatno, vliyayut na razvitie disbalansa sistemy oksidaz, rabotu mitohondrij, snizhennoj proliferacii T-kletok, a takzhe formirovaniya disbalansa sekrecii immunoglobulinov. Poluchennye dannye mogut byt' faktorami torpidnogo techeniya tyazheloj formy dermatoza, chto opredelyaet neobhodimost' dal'nejshih issledovanij.
Training Needs Analysis of Professional Translators Working in Translation Agencies in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkhatnai Mubarak
Published: May 2022

The imminent thrust of globalization is equally challenging but promising. The role of translators in various walks of life – law, medicine, and education, among others – has become indispensable and crucial both socially and economically. The Saudi translation industry is self-supporting because it is not much governed by prevailing regulations. Hence, translation agencies thrive based on the fundamental principles and practices of the market. Competence defines the game, and training improves the performance of each player. It is the main objective of this study to identify the training needs of professional Saudi translators. Improving translation competency can be catered through effective training where needs analysis comes as its preliminary and integral requirement. This study has involved 166 professional translators and 20 owner-managers from the biggest translation agencies in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Leaning on quantitative and qualitative data gathered from them, the essential factors for translator training were derived, to wit: translation fundamentals, extra-linguistic abilities, and bilingualism. Having arrived at these findings, this study hopes to meaningfully contribute to the design and development of effective translator trainings.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK TEMA 9 MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTU MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL DI KELAS V SDN WINONG 01
Authors: Alfianita Meli Dwi , Surbekti Ervina Eka , Kuswandari Kuswandari
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The learning achievement of students in class V SDN Winong 01 is relatively low, especially when Distance Learning (PJJ) is being carried out as it is now. This study aims to find out how to increase learning achievement through a Problem Based Learning model assisted by audiovisual media for fifth grade students at SDN Winong 01 on theme 9. This research is a Classroom Action Research conducted in class V SDN Winong 01. In this study, it was carried out in 3 cycles with subject as many as 13 students. The results of the research that have been carried out show that learning achievement has increased every cycle. The increase in the percentage of students' learning achievement scores before being given action is 38.46% complete the KKM and the average achievement is 61.92 then in the first cycle it increases by 53.84% complete the KKM with an average achievement of 67.38 , increased again in the second cycle as much as 76.92% completed KKM with an average achievement obtained of 76.53 and increased again in the third cycle with KKM completeness of 92.31% with an average achievement obtained of 83.46. The conclusion of the learning outcomes shows that learning theme 9 through the Problem Based Learning learning model assisted by audio-visual media can improve the learning achievement of the fifth grade students of SDN Winong 01.Keywords: Learning Achievement, PBL, Audiovisual MediaAbstrak: Prestasi belajar peserta didik di kelas V SDN Winong 01 tergolong rendah, terutama saat Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) yang dilaksanakan seperti sekarang ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan prestasi belajar melalui model Problem Based Learning berbantu media audiovisual peserta didik kelas V SDN Winong 01 pada tema 9. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan di kelas V SDN Winong 01. Dalam penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanyak 3 siklus dengan subjek sebanyak 13 peserta didik. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan menunjukkan bahwa prestasi belajar mengalami peningkatan setiap siklusnya. Peningkatan presentase nilai prestasi belajar peserta didik sebelum diberikan tindakan yaitu sebanyak 38,46% tuntas KKM dan capaian rata-rata diperoleh 41,86 kemudian pada siklus I meningkat sebanyak 53,84% tuntas KKM dengan capaian rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 67,38, meningkat kembali pada siklus II sebanyak 76,92% tuntas KKM dengan capaian rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 76,53 dan meningkat kembali pada siklus III dengan ketuntasan KKM sebesar 92,31% dengan capaian rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 83,46. Simpulan hasil pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran tema 9 melalui model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantu media audiovisual dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar peserta didik kelas V SDN Winong 01.Kata Kunci : Prestasi Belajar, PBL, Media audiovisual