bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Health Counseling on Parental Behavior in Preventing Diarrhea in Toddlers in Keluas Hulu Village, 2024**
Authors: Wardi  , Sohibun Sohibun , Nurul Khoirunnisa
Published: January 2025

Background: Several diseases closely related to environmental sanitation remain persistent health issues in society, one of which is diarrhea. This is evidenced by the high number of diarrhea cases, particularly among toddlers, visiting healthcare facilities.
Objective: This study aims to determine the impact of health education on parental behavior in preventing diarrhea in toddlers in Keluas Hulu Village, the working area of Ulak Muid Community Health Center, Melawi Regency, in 2024.
Research Method: This research uses a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design and employs a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population consisted of 101 individuals, with a sample size of 43 mothers of toddlers.
Research Results: The results indicate that the average (mean) knowledge score before the health education was 7.1, which increased to 8.5 after the education (P-value = 0.000). The average (mean) attitude score before the health education was 31.1, increasing to 31.9 after (P-value = 0.002). The average (mean) practice score before the health education was 5.2, which increased to 5.6 after (P-value = 0.043).
Conclusion: Health education significantly impacts parental behavior in preventing diarrhea in toddlers in Keluas Hulu Village, the working area of Ulak Muid Community Health Center, Melawi Regency, in 2024.
Hyperglycemia Management Using Progressive Muscle Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Case Study
Authors: Rahma Natasya Widya , Munika Evi , Asmorosari Fitria , Maghfiroh Azizatul , Fitrianti Rizqi Indah , Efendi Muhammad Zufar , Lestari Trijati Puspita , Firdaus Andhika Wahyu
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a condition when blood sugar levels are in the high category or commonly called hyperglycemia, high blood sugar levels can cause several problems that often arise and can cause several complications that occur. The limited implementation of non-pharmacological progressive muscle relaxation therapy is the basis for the implementation of this research. The purpose of this study was to analyze the management of hyperglycemia in patients with Diabetes Mellitus.
Method: Case study design method was used in the study with three clients, namely patients with Diabetes Mellitus. The action given to overcome this with progressive muscle relaxation therapy given 3 times for 3 consecutive days t. This study was conducted at Aisyiyah Hospital Bojonegoro in September 2023. The analysis was carried out using the SMART method (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound goals). The FIKes UMLA Medical Surgical Nursing Care format was used in the data collection process to action evaluation.
Results: The results of the case study showed that on the first day of the assessment of the three patients, blood glucose was found to be in the high category. After 3 days, nursing problem of blood glucose instability was resolved, blood glucose levels improved , drowsiness decreased sufficiently, dizziness decreased , fatigue/lethargy decreased sufficiently and complaints of hunger decreased .
Conclusion: Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy is effective in lowering blood glucose levels. This therapy can be combined with pharmacological therapy such as insulin and oral medications and other treatments needed by patients with diabetes mellitus so that it can help medical personnel in stabilizing blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.
»Mit Russland hab’ ich nix am Hut« – Zugehörigkeit und der Einfluss von rassistischem Wissen über (Spät-) Aussiedler*innen in Süddeutschland
Authors: Hepp Bianca
Published: January 2025

Zwischen 1950 und 2016 sind über 4,5 Millionen Menschen als (Spät-)Aussiedler*innen nach Deutschland migriert. Sie und ihre Nachkommen werden teilweise immer noch auf eine ›russische‹ Herkunft reduziert,
mit der auf rassistischem Wissen beruhende stereotype Vorstellungen verbunden sind. Um damit umzugehen, können Menschen verschiedene Strategien entwickeln.
Constitución Política, la declaración de guerra y el derecho internacional
Authors: Mezarina García Silvio
Published: January 2025

En el Artículo 118, numeral 16, de la actual Constitución Política del Perú, al igual que en muchas de sus anteriores cartas políticas, se le otorga al Presidente de la República la facultad de declarar la guerra y firmar la paz, sin considerar la necesidad de concordar el ordenamiento jurídico nacional con las normas del sistema internacional. La disposición que permite al Presidente declarar la guerra con autorización del Congreso es un vestigio legal de las constituciones del siglo XIX, período en el cual el recurso jurídico a la guerra estaba permitido. Esta regla, presente en el vigente sistema constitucional desde hace mucho tiempo, ha sido una constante en las diversas constituciones que ha tenido el Perú. Desde el siglo XIX, cuando el recurso a la guerra era aceptado por el derecho internacional, esta norma ha sido repetida casi mecánicamente. Sin embargo, hoy en día, se percibe como una reliquia de un sistema ya en desuso. En ese entendido, la Constitución de 1993 no está alineada con los tratados que el Perú ha suscrito y ratificado. La guerra, una institución jurídica que fue regulada por el derecho internacional, ha quedado obsoleta. Así, existe una clara incompatibilidad entre la Constitución Política del Perú y el sistema jurídico internacional, respecto de la figura jurídica llamada guerra.
A New Approach to Constraining Properties of Active Galactic Nucleus Host Galaxies by Combining Image and Spectral Energy Distribution Decomposition: Testing upon the MBH–M⋆ Relation
Authors: Yu 于 Haoran 浩然 , Fan 范 Lulu 璐璐 , Han 韩 Yunkun 云坤 , Sun 孙 Weibin 卫斌 , Zhang 张 Yihang 迤航 , Ding 丁 Xuheng 旭恒 , Xue 薛 Yongquan 永泉
Published: January 2025

The outshining light from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) poses significant challenges in studying the properties of AGN host galaxies. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach that combines image decomposition and spectral energy distribution (SED) decomposition to constrain the properties of AGN host galaxies. Image decomposition allows us to disentangle optical flux into AGN and stellar components, thereby providing additional constraints on the SED models to derive a more refined stellar mass. To test the viability of this approach, we obtained a sample of 24 X-ray-selected type I AGNs with redshifts ranging from 0.73 to 2.47. We estimated the stellar masses for our sample and found that our results are generally consistent with earlier estimates based on different methods. Through examining the posterior distribution of stellar masses, we find that our method could derive better-constrained results compared to previous SED decomposition methods. With the derived stellar masses, we further studied the M
BH–M
⋆ relation of our sample, finding a higher intrinsic scatter in the correlation for our entire sample compared to the local quiescent correlation, which could be caused by a few “black hole monsters” in our sample. We propose that, based on our method, future works could extend to larger samples of high-redshift AGN host galaxies, thereby enhancing our understanding of their properties.
SN 2014C: A Metamorphic Supernova Exploded in the Intricate and Hydrogen-rich Surroundings
Authors: Zhai Qian , Zhang Jujia , Lin Weili , Mazzali Paolo , Pian Elena , Benetti Stefano , Tomasella Lina , Liu Jialian , Li Liping
Published: January 2025

We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of supernova (SN) SN 2014C, primarily emphasizing the initial month after the explosion at approximately daily intervals. During this time, it was classified as a Type Ib SN exhibiting a notably higher peak luminosity (L
peak ≈ 4.3 × 1042 erg s−1), a faster rise to brightness (t
rise ≈ 11.6 days), and a more gradual dimming (

Δ

m

15

V

≈
0.48

mag) compared to typical Type Ib SNe. Analysis of the velocity evolution over the first ~20 days after the explosion supports the view that the absorption near 6200 Å is due to high-velocity Hα in the outer layers of the ejecta, indicating the presence of a small amount of hydrogen in the envelope of the progenitor before the explosion. Assuming that the peak luminosity is entirely attributed to radioactive decay, we estimate that 0.14 M
⊙ of 56Ni was synthesized in the explosion. However, this amount of nickel could no longer maintain observed brightness approximately 10 days after peak luminosity, suggesting additional energy sources beyond radioactive decay. This supplementary energy likely originates from interaction with the circumstellar medium (CSM). Consequently, the timing of the SN−CSM interaction in SN 2014C may occur much earlier than the emergence of Type IIn−like features during the nebular phase.
Constraining Anisotropic Diffusion between Geminga and Earth with the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Spectrum
Authors: Xia Junji , Bi Xiaojun , Fang Kun , Liu Siming
Published: January 2025

The gamma-ray halo around Geminga indicates significant suppression of cosmic-ray diffusion. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is the projection effect of slow diffusion perpendicular to the mean magnetic field (characterized by the diffusion coefficient D
⊥) within an anisotropic diffusion framework. In this scenario, the diffusion coefficient parallel to the mean field (D
∥) can still be large, enabling electrons and positrons (e
±) produced by Geminga to efficiently travel to Earth along the magnetic field lines, possibly resulting in a detectable e
± flux. In this work, we first determine the basic parameters of the anisotropic model using the morphology and spectral measurements of the Geminga halo and then predict the flux of e
± produced by Geminga at the location of Earth. We find that the e
− + e
+ spectrum of DAMPE can give crucial constraint on the anisotropic diffusion model: to ensure that the predicted spectrum does not exceed the measurements, the Alfvén Mach number of the turbulent magnetic field (M

A
) should not be less than 0.75, corresponding to D
∥/D
⊥ ≲ 3 given that

D

⊥

=

D

∥

M

A

4

. This implies that a significant suppression of D
∥ relative to the average value in the Galaxy may still be necessary. Furthermore, we find that under the anisotropic diffusion model, Geminga can produce a very sharp feature around 1 TeV in the e
− + e
+ spectrum, which could naturally explain the peculiar 1.4 TeV excess tentatively observed by DAMPE.
PKS 2332–017 and PMN J1916–1519: Candidate Blazar Counterparts to Two High-energy Neutrino Events
Authors: Ji Shunhao , Wang Zhongxiang , Zheng Dong
Published: January 2025

We report our counterpart identification study for two high-energy neutrino events IC-130127A and IC-131204A listed in the IceCube Event Catalog of Alert Tracks. These two events belong to Gold alerts, which have a significant probability of being of astrophysical origin. Within the events’ 90% positional uncertainty regions, we, respectively, find PKS 2332–017 and PMN J1916–1519. The first source is a flat-spectrum radio quasar at redshift z = 1.18, and the second is a blazar of an uncertain type with photometric z = 0.968. As they correspondingly had a γ-ray flare temporally coincident with the arrival times of IC-130127A and IC-131204A, we identify them as the respective neutrino emitters. Detailed analysis of the γ-ray data for the two blazars, obtained with the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, is conducted. The two flares, respectively, from PKS 2332–017 and PMN J1916–1519 lasted ~4 yr and ~4 months and showed possible emission hardening by containing high-energy ~2–10 GeV photons in the emissions. Accompanying the flare of PKS 2332–017, optical and mid-infrared brightening variations were also observed. We discuss the properties of the two sources and compare the properties with those of the previously reported (candidate) neutrino-emitting blazars.
Oxidizing ExoCAM: Introducing the Radiative Effects of Oxygen and Ozone into the ExoCAM General Circulation Model
Authors: Deitrick Russell , Goldblatt Colin , Wolf Eric T. , Robinson Tyler D.
Published: January 2025

Oxygen and ozone are two of the most important gases in Earth’s atmosphere. These arose as a result of photosynthesis and appeared prominently around 2.3–2.4 billion yr ago. For exoplanets, these species have been proposed both as remote biosignatures and antibiosignatures, depending on the abundances and astrophysical context. ExoCAM, an extension of the Community Earth System Model for deep paleoclimate and exoplanets, has previously been limited to anoxic atmospheres. This work presents a substantial update to the radiative transfer in ExoCAM to include the effects of oxygen and ozone. We describe the implementation of line lists, empirical cross sections, Rayleigh scattering, and collision-induced absorption and test the resulting framework in 1D and 3D for the modern Earth atmosphere. We quantify the changes in flux, temperatures, and circulation due to the two gases.
L’abandon des quartiers défavorisés. Narratif de mobilisation ou de stigmatisation
Authors: Magat Anastasia
Published: January 2025

L’accentuation des inégalités territoriales a donné corps depuis les années 1980 à de puissants processus de stigmatisation des quartiers défavorisés. Derrière l’apparente homogénéité de la catégorie des « quartiers prioritaires » de la politique de la ville, Anastasia Magat souligne les processus de médiatisation et de politisation différenciés de ces quartiers. En s’appuyant sur l’analyse qualitative d’un vaste corpus de tweets, elle montre que cette politisation peut déboucher sur des formes de mobilisations locales sur la thématique de l’abandon, mais aussi sur une stigmatisation (notamment raciale) accrue de ces quartiers.
Advanced Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Techniques for Classifying Steam Game Feedback
Authors: Al Tawil Arar , Fathi Hanaa , Alzoubi Sharaf , Shaban Amneh , Almazaydeh Laiali H.
Published: January 2025

The gaming industry produces vast amounts of user-generated feedback, making it challenging for developers to efficiently analyze and respond to real-time reviews. This study addresses the problem of classifying large-scale unstructured user feedback from Steam reviews. In this paper an approach that integrates traditional machine learning models and deep learning models is proposed. XGBoost is used to manage feature-rich datasets, reducing overfitting. Long-short-term memory (LSTM) and Bi-directional LSTM are used to enhance the accuracy and robustness of classification. Feature extraction techniques, such as sentiment analysis and topic modeling, are employed to enrich the dataset and improve model performance. The experimental results show that the XGBoost model achieved the highest performance with an accuracy of 0.9499 and a ROC-AUC score of 0.6113, demonstrating superior performance in distinguishing between positive and negative feedback. In comparison, deep learning models such as LSTM and Bi-directional LSTM showed lower ROC-AUC scores, indicating less effectiveness in handling the classification task. This approach offers game developers a reliable and scalable solution for classifying user sentiment, leading to better game improvements based on user reviews.
Generative AI and Mobile Learning in Higher Education: Comparing Student and Faculty Perspectives on Employability Impact
Authors: Zhi Lin Liu
Published: January 2025

Globally, the production of moral citizens and professionals depends heavily on higher education. The advent of ChatGPT and other generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools has presented both opportunities and problems for the established educational model. The future of higher education, however, is a topic of little inquiry; instead, discussions these days are mostly focused on policy creation and evaluation. The purpose of this paper is to examine how AI is affecting international students’ education. It uses a research approach, as opposed to a standard literature review, to look at possible applications of AI and talk about related issues. The paper examines several AI applications, including chatbots for research and learning, adaptive testing, personalized learning, and statistical analysis. This study clarifies how AI may enhance learning effectiveness and offer tailored educational support by examining its role in education for international students. It also points out important dangers and constraints that must be properly addressed, such as privacy issues, cultural differences, language barriers, and ethical considerations. Predicting future advancements in AI, however, will be exceedingly challenging.
Optimizing Learning Path Design in Mobile Learning Platforms for Online Courses
Authors: Wang Junxiang
Published: January 2025

With the rapid advancement of information technology, online education, particularly vocational education, has become a vital avenue for enhancing skills and knowledge. Vocational education necessitates flexible and personalized learning path design to accommodate the diverse needs and behaviors of learners. Mobile learning platforms, as a pivotal form of modern online education, provide learners with the convenience of accessing educational resources anytime and anywhere. However, existing methods for optimizing learning paths exhibit notable limitations, primarily in accurately capturing learners’ dynamic behaviors and in providing personalized and intelligent path design. Therefore, how to optimize learning paths based on learners’ dynamic behavior data has become a research hotspot in academia and educational practice. At present, many studies focus on matching analysis based on students’ static characteristics with course content but overlook learners’ behavioral changes and dynamic needs during the learning process. Traditional recommendation algorithms and rule-based path design methods are difficult to cope with complex learning behaviors and diverse learner needs. This study addresses these limitations by proposing an optimization model for mobile learning path design based on multi-view prediction of dynamic student behaviors. The model extracts mobile interaction features from student groups, constructs a multiple mobile behavior collaborative encoder, and employs multiple task label prediction techniques to achieve personalized and intelligent optimization of learning paths. The results demonstrate that this approach significantly enhances the learning efficiency and experience of learners, offering novel insights and technological support for the path design of mobile learning platforms.
Discours aux Tupiniquins
Authors: Pedrosa Mário
Published: January 2025

Prenant l’attitude d’un Persan à Paris, le grand critique d’art brésilien Mário Pedrosa écrit en 1975 à ses compatriotes, à partir de son exil parisien. Ce texte, son adieu à la critique d’art, est aussi un des plus profonds pour comprendre son point de vue, finalement très critique, sur les développements de l’art moderne occidental et son espoir d’un art nouveau, fruit de ce qu’il appelle encore le tiers-monde. S’il emploie le mot postmoderne, ce n’est pas dans le sens de Jean-François Lyotard, et pourtant quelques années à peine avant La Condition postmoderne (1979), Pedrosa affirme que le moderne et le primitif, le savoir savant et le savoir populaire ont cessé de s’opposer.
« Du nouveau ! Du nouveau ! » L’empsychographe : une invention au service du renouvellement du spectacle à Nantes en 1899
Authors: Créhalet Frédéric
Published: January 2025

L’émergence de la culture de masse à la Belle Époque s’accompagne d’une surenchère dans le spectaculaire et de la recherche continuelle de la nouveauté, de manière à satisfaire un public toujours plus nombreux. Ce phénomène se constate aussi bien sur les vastes scènes des théâtres et des music-halls que sur celles, plus intimes, des cabarets artistiques et des scènes privées, à Paris comme en province. Il conduit la société artistique et littéraire nantaise le Clou, qui se posait en rivale du Chat Noir parisien à partir de 1887, à monter un spectacle complètement nouveau grâce à l’invention de l’empsychographe. Cet appareil permet la projection sur un écran d’un spectacle de pantomime, au moyen de miroirs reflétant une scène vivement éclairée à l’électricité. Se voulant innovant, ce spectacle cherche à dépasser le théâtre d’ombres, les ombres chinoises et même le cinématographe. Il se propose « d’obtenir des effets entièrement nouveaux au point de vue du théâtre », tant dans l’éclairage que dans la superposition d’un décor dessiné et de l’image d’un spectacle vivant. Sans lendemain, cette invention est symptomatique du goût pour le spectacle et pour l’innovation technique qui rassemble les élites républicaines d’une grande ville industrielle et commerciale.
Le parcours d’une statue équestre
Authors: Correa Sílvio Marcus de Souza
Published: January 2025

Les déboulonnages de statues et leur retrait de l’espace public s’inscrivent dans une histoire postcoloniale qui illustre de façon spectaculaire les tensions mémorielles dans certaines sociétés par rapport à leur passé colonial. Sous un angle mémoriel conflictuel, on peut s’interroger sur les conditions préalables à l’avènement d’une conscience « postcoloniale » qui remet en question certains monuments de la période coloniale dans l’espace public urbain. L’objet de cet article est de montrer que le déboulonnage du Reiterdenkmal à Windhoek, capitale de la Namibie, s’inscrit dans une logique de dépatrimonialisation. En outre, depuis son retrait, un autre monument, la statue de Sam Nujoma, « père » fondateur de la Southwest Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO) et premier président de la Namibie (1990-2005) a été érigée à sa place originelle. Une méthode d’analyse qui tient compte de cette dépatrimonialisation est proposée, basée sur les documents des Archives nationales de la Namibie et sur la presse namibienne, ainsi que sur l’analyse iconographique d’une « statue qui bouge » puisqu’elle a été déplacée plusieurs fois lors de son parcours centenaire.
Pourquoi étudier les religions mortes ?
Authors: Scheid John
Published: January 2025

L’utilité historique et culturelle de l’histoire ancienne et, peut-être davantage encore, celle des religions « païennes » de l’Antiquité sont souvent mises en question. Ce qui est surtout le cas pour une religion comme celle des Grecs et des Romains, qui n’a pas, à première vue, de lien avec le judaïsme et le christianisme ainsi qu’avec le monde oriental dans lequel ceux-ci se sont formés. Or notre culture est un héritage de la culture gréco-romaine. Comment imaginer un rapport avec notre propre culture et ses œuvres sans une connaissance du passé gréco-romain ? L’étude de la religion des Grecs et des Romains n’a-t-elle, par exemple, rien à nous apprendre ? La religion qui prédomine actuellement dans le monde occidental définit-elle aussi la nature de toute religion dans le passé, en éliminant d’office les « paganismes » ? Quand l’étude historique des sources directes, c’est-à-dire des inscriptions et des structures archéologiques, révèle que le ritualisme était omniprésent et avait un sens, faut-il arrêter l’étude parce que « tout cela est faux » ? Récusant ce mépris, l’approche empirique des religions préchrétiennes peut révéler des liens entre les religions d’aujourd’hui et celles des Romains ou des Grecs, inviter à respecter les cultures différentes au sein de notre société, et surtout avertir contre l’intolérance.
Violence et histoire dans les séries télévisées : Introduction
Authors: Allouche Sylvie
Published: January 2025

À partir de l’analyse de quatre séries, le dossier s’intéresse à la manière dont la violence dans et de l’histoire y est mise en scène à travers différentes figures qui représentent diverses populations ayant subi des violences physiques ou sociales, aggravées en violence symbolique par le fait que les versions dominantes de l'histoire tendent à ignorer ou minorer leur rôle ou les souffrances et injustices qu'elles ont subies : femmes impliquées dans le tumulte de l’histoire récente de la France (Isabelle Veyrat-Masson sur Maria Vandamme et Sonia Suvélor sur Les Combattantes), victimes de l’histoire et de l’ordre social américains (Martin Shuster sur Yellowstone), civils Hutus réfugiés au Congo (Sylvie Allouche sur Black Earth Rising). Nous espérons ainsi proposer aux lecteurs et lectrices une approche originale sur la façon dont les séries parlent des violences de l’histoire, et plus généralement leur permettre de mieux comprendre les enjeux sociaux et politiques des séries historiques.
L’occupation et la dénazification de l'Autriche dans la revue française Austriaca
Authors: Ducange Jean-Numa
Published: January 2025

Le présent article revient sur la façon dont les thématiques de l’occupation étrangère et de la dénazification ont été traitées dans la revue Austriaca. Au regard de la personnalité du fondateur de la revue, Felix Kreissler, l’article revient également sur quelques éléments de la trajectoire de ce dernier qui a connu cette période en étant notamment actif dans la zone d’occupation soviétique. À partir de là, l’article propose également des éléments plus larges de réflexion sur la formation d’une historiographie française relative à l’histoire autrichienne.
Verfolgung und Verurteilung der Verbrecher des Arbeitserziehungslagers Reichenau durch amerikanische, französische, österreichische und deutsche Behörden
Authors: Hämmerle Teresa
Published: January 2025

Im Sommer 1941 wurde in Innsbruck-Reichenau (Österreich) ein sogenanntes Arbeitserziehungslager erbaut. Es wurde in erster Linie genutzt, um politische Gegner zu internieren. In diesem Arbeitserziehungslager kam es von 1941 bis 1945 zu unzähligen Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit. Etwa 120 Personen wurden ermordet oder starben an den ihnen zugefügten Misshandlungen. Verantwortlich dafür war das Personal des Lagers. An der strafrechtlichen Verfolgung dieser Täter beteiligten sich ab 1945 die USA, Frankreich, Österreich und die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Durch Analyse der Ermittlungsarbeiten und der darauffolgenden Gerichtsprozesse lässt sich erkennen, dass die Strafverfolgung der Täter des AEL Reichenau im Allgemeinen scheiterte. Dies ist auf diverse Fehler, Ungenauigkeiten und die schlechte Kooperation der eingebundenen Behörden zurückzuführen.
Geistige Erneuerung oder personelle Kontinuität?
Authors: Pfefferle Roman
Published: January 2025

Die Entnazifizierung der Professorenschaft an der Universität Wien nach 1945 war ein komplexer und vielschichtiger Prozess, der mit Kriegsende seinen Anfang nahm und ab 1947/48 in eine Phase der Rehabilitierung und Reintegration mündete, die sich bis in die späten 1950er Jahre hinzog. Die Entnazifizierung bedeutete für einen beträchtlichen Teil der ns-belasteten Professoren grundsätzlich keinen Abbruch ihrer Karrieren, man muss viel eher von einem „Einbruch“ sprechen. Amnestien und Rehabilitierungen führten zu einem erstaunlichen Ausmaß an Kontinuität, die Maßnahmen der Entnazifizierung blieben für die betroffenen Männer ein vorübergehender Einbruch, der schon nach zwei, drei, seltener mehr Jahren zur Episode geraten war.
Kriegsende in Österreich: Geschichte und Erinnerung an die Besatzung durch Frankreich (1945-1955)
Authors: Eisterer Klaus
Published: January 2025

Im „Commentaire“ geht der Autor zunächst auf Forschungsbedingungen und eigene Forschungserfahrungen in französischen Archiven der 1980er Jahre – als ein Quellenstudium zur Besatzungszeit erstmals ermöglicht wurde – ein, um dann die einzelnen Tagungsbeiträge zu kommentieren, zu kontextualisieren und den argumentativen Rahmen etwas weiter zu fassen. Dabei wird insbesondere die österreichische „Opferdoktrin“ und Erinnerungspolitik ausführlicher kritisch reflektiert. Auch die Bedeutung des Archivzuganges für den wissenschaftlich-historiographischen Fortschritt, auf dem eine breite gesellschaftliche Debatte sinnvollerweise aufbauen kann, wird entsprechend gewürdigt.
Données probantes et éducation en France : changer les pratiques, pourquoi, comment et quelles précautions prendre ?
Authors: Chkair Sihame
Published: January 2025

Cet article explore l’évolution de l’éducation fondée sur des données probantes (EBE) en France. Ce concept, introduit dans l’éducation au début des années 2000 et issu du domaine médical, vise à intégrer les résultats de la recherche scientifique dans les pratiques éducatives pour améliorer leur efficacité.L’autrice met en lumière l’essor de la culture de l’évaluation, portée par des cadres législatifs comme la LOLF (2001) et le Conseil de l’évaluation de l’école (2019), qui inscrivent les objectifs éducatifs dans une logique de responsabilisation (« accountability ») et de résultats mesurables. Ces démarches reflètent une adaptation du Nouveau Management Public (NMP) dans le domaine scolaire, renforçant les expérimentations basées sur des preuves, comme le dédoublement des classes de CP en zones REP. Cependant, l’article souligne la nécessité de réfléchir à l’utilisation des données probantes en éducation. L’autrice questionne leur définition, leur pertinence et leur portée, tout en examinant les possibles mésusages. L’article analyse si la simple existence de preuves scientifiques est suffisante pour garantir l’adoption de nouvelles pratiques pédagogiques, et invite à prendre des précautions pour éviter une application inadaptée ou superficielle en classe.
Rebranding Barbie
Authors: Condearena-Gonzalez Itxaso , Aramendia-Muneta Maria Elena
Published: January 2025

This chapter analyzes the promotional campaign of the 2023 live-action Barbie film through qualitative and quantitative methods, examining the brand's history and industry leadership. The study explores the different promotional campaigns carried out for the film and the audience's response. Similarly, it investigates the public opinion on Barbie and the movie's impact on it. The analysis results indicate that the film and its marketing efforts improved public opinion, positioning Barbie as a more inclusive and empowering brand. In addition, the study explores possible biases, such as a relation between women and a better opinion of Barbie, and greater use of social media with the conversation created about the work on the platforms as a cause of having seen the film, although no direct relationships were demonstrated.
Representation of Maternal Identity in Post-2010 Turkish Cinema
Authors: Kula Nesrin
Published: January 2025

The representations in the cinema create stereotypes in the minds of the audience regarding the gender roles attributed to women and men. Motherhood is also seen as one of the identities a woman acquires throughout her life. The representation of motherhood in cinema can be viewed from sociological, psychoanalytic, and feminist perspectives. The change experienced in Turkish cinema after 2010 was also reflected in the characters of women and mothers, and different representations of mothers began to be seen instead of stereotypical characters. In the research, four films with mother characters in their narratives were selected by purposive sampling method. The films Zerre-Particle (2012), Anayurdu-Motherland (2015), Toz Bezi-Dust Cloth (2015), and Annem-My Mother (2019) were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method in terms of how motherhood is presented. Consequently, the depiction of the self-sacrificing mother archetype is reconstructed in cinema, except in Dust Cloth film.
An Iconographic Analysis of Gothic Elements in Tim Burton's Cinema
Authors: Taştan Merve , Coşkun Sena
Published: January 2025

Gothic is a concept that emerged as an architectural style in the Middle Ages and eventually gained a place in literature, painting, sculpture, music, and cinema. This study aims to determine how the gothic style represents itself in the art of cinema and how it establishes itself iconographically through the films of director Tim Burton. In the study, after mentioning the concepts of gothic and iconography, the gothic elements in the director's films are examined with the method of mise-en-scene criticism within the scope of the examples identified in Burton's eight films belonging before and after 2000, determined by the purposeful sampling method. In the study, it was concluded that the director mostly used recurring gothic elements in his films in the context of mise-en-scene construction, that he frequently referred to works from gothic literature, classical films with gothic elements, gothic architectural structures, and symbols representing the spirit of the gothic style while using these elements, and that these elements formed a standard iconography.
Review of the Short-Term Compressive Properties of Single-Skin Confined Seawater Sea Sand Concrete Columns with FRP Wrapping
Authors: Shrivastava Chitransh , Ramli Sulong Nor Hafizah , Zahra Tatheer , Elchalakani Mohamed , Fawzia Sabrina
Published: January 2025

Excessive exploitation of fresh water and river sand has prompted researchers to investigate seawater sea sand concrete (SWSSC) as a viable alternative to traditional concrete in the construction sector. The mechanical properties of SWSSC columns are comparable to traditional concrete columns, and these properties can be further enhanced through confinement. Strengthening or retrofitting of SWSSC columns with Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets in a single-skin fashion is an effective and easy way to achieve this enhancement. This review summarizes the available literature on the experimental investigation performed to date on single-skin confined SWSSC columns using different types of FRP sheets under compressive loading. Full wrapping, partial wrapping, and non-uniform wrapping are the three wrapping strategies under this confinement scheme. Employed wrapping strategy, FRP material type, number of layers of FRP, cross-sectional shape of the columns, and concrete strength are the key parameters that influence the ultimate strength and ultimate strain of the confined specimens. The failure modes and stress-strain curve characteristics for the three wrapping strategies are discussed. Finally, some directions for future research work in this area are also proposed.
Conceptual Framework for IoT-Based Structural Health Monitoring of RC Bridges for Maintenance Decision-Making
Authors: Arif Farrukh , Ayub Laiba , Khan Filza Ahmed , Khan Asad-ur-Rehman
Published: January 2025

Infrastructure development serves as an indicator of a country’s social and economic growth. Bridges are the key assets of infrastructure projects that are built for a design life of more than 50 years. During their lifespan, they are subjected to defects and deterioration due to physical changes, chemical attacks, internal reactions, etc. that are required to be addressed by timely inspection and monitoring. Inspection practices have a great impact on maintenance planning and decision-making. Since bridges are public infrastructure the budget allocated to their repair and maintenance is limited. Therefore, there arises a need for accurate, measurable, reliable, and cost-effective technologies for bridge health monitoring that can be incorporated into decision-making tools to prioritize repair and maintenance strategies. In recent years the trend has shifted from visual inspection to IoT-based condition assessment. This technique evaluates the bridge’s global and localized, and static and dynamic responses. However, there is a need to develop a systematic structure for a bridge health monitoring system, standardizing the data acquisition, processing, and transmission from a group of sensors to evaluate the existing condition of the bridge. This study proposes a conceptual IoT-based framework for structural health monitoring of existing reinforced concrete bridges for informed decision-making along with development of data acquisition system.
A case of apathetic thyrotoxicosis: a rare presentation of hyperthyroidism in the elderly with literature review
Authors: Lokuhapuarachchi Nadheera Madhusankha , Kalambarachchi Himal Oshada , Kodikara Arachchi Wasantha
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Novel biallelic MCMDC2 variants were associated with meiotic arrest and nonobstructive azoospermia
Authors: Bai Hao-Wei , Li Na , Zhang Yu-Xiang , Luo Jia-Qiang , Tian Ru-Hui , Li Peng , Huang Yu-Hua , Bai Fu-Rong , Deng Cun-Zhong , Zhao Fu-Jun , Mo Ren , Chi Ning , Zhou Yu-Chuan , Li Zheng , Yao Chen-Cheng , Zhi Er-Lei
Published: January 2025

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), one of the most severe types of male infertility, etiology often remains unclear in most cases. Therefore, this study aimed to detect four biallelic detrimental variants (0.5%) in the minichromosome maintenance domain containing 2 (MCMDC2) genes in 768 NOA patients by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) demonstrated that MCMDC2 deleterious variants caused meiotic arrest in three patients (c.1360G>T, c.1956G>T, and c.685C>T) and hypospermatogenesis in one patient (c.94G>T), as further confirmed through immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The single-cell RNA sequencing data indicated that MCMDC2 was substantially expressed during spermatogenesis. The variants were confirmed as deleterious and responsible for patient infertility through bioinformatics and in vitro experimental analyses. The results revealed four MCMDC2 variants related to NOA, which contributes to the current perception of the function of MCMDC2 in male fertility and presents new perspectives on the genetic etiology of NOA.
Microbiological contamination in IVF laboratories: A narrative review
Authors: Singh Sudheer , Nair Nancy , More Akash , Vishwakarma Neeraj , Kalbande Avanti
Published: January 2025

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of the most used assisted reproductive technology (ART) techniques today. However, the success of IVF procedures heavily relies on maintaining a sterile environment in laboratories. This narrative review examines the effects of microbiological contamination in IVF laboratories, exploring its sources, impacts on IVF outcomes, and preventive measures. We conducted a complete literature search using databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published within the last fifteen years. Our findings highlight that microbiological contamination can significantly impair embryo quality, reduce implantation and pregnancy rates, and increase the risk of miscarriage and infection. The review also discusses current best practices for contamination prevention and identifies areas for future research. This work emphasizes the critical importance of stringent sterility protocols in IVF laboratories and calls for continued vigilance and innovation in maintaining optimal conditions for assisted reproduction.
Amorphous Extracellular Eosinophilic Material – The Diagnostic Challenge in Histopathology
Authors: Sivakumar P. , Rajkumar P. , Sridevi S. K. , Priyadharshini L. , Elancheran M.
Published: January 2025

Amyloidosis encompasses a diverse group of conditions characterized by the extracellular accumulation of misfolded, insoluble proteinaceous material with a cross-beta-pleated sheet structure, leading to organ damage. Due to its varied origins and manifestations, different diagnostic tools are required for accurate diagnosis. A definitive diagnosis is achieved through biopsy, revealing amyloid deposits in the affected tissue. When stained with hematoxylin and eosin, amyloid material appears as amorphous eosinophilic acellular deposits. These morphological features are shared with other substances such as collagen, fibrin, plasma, hyaline globules, hyalinization, and necrosis, posing a diagnostic challenge for pathologists. However, morphology, surrounding tissue morphology, and special stains can differentiate between amyloid and amyloid-like material. This case series of six cases highlights the appropriate staining techniques for differentiating amyloid from amyloid-like material in histopathology.
Assessing the Role of Emergency Physicians in Medical Clearance: Predictors of Diagnosing Psychiatric Illness in the Emergency Department – A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Almamari Ibrahim Khamis Abdullah , Hazra Darpanarayan , Al-Alawi Awatif K. Alsarrai
Published: January 2025

Background:

Medical clearance for patients presenting with psychiatric-like illnesses has been a topic of debate for years. This study aimed to determine the predictors of diagnosing psychiatric illness in the emergency department (ED).

Methods:

The study included patients aged ≥13 years presenting to the adult ED with psychiatric-like illness over 1 year (January 01, 2019–December 31, 2019). Medical charts were reviewed, and multiple variables were coded and analyzed.

Results:

Our study included 361 patients, constituting 0.89% of the total ED visits. The majority (335 patients, 92.8%) were diagnosed with primary psychiatric illnesses, while 26 patients (7.2%) had underlying medical conditions contributing to their symptoms. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the predictors for initial psychiatric diagnoses, including abnormal behavior (odd’s ratio [OR]: 8.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.04–33.65; P < 0.01) and substance abuse (adjusted OR: 17.27; 95% CI: 3.88–76.88; P < 0.01). Notable findings involved family history or previous psychiatric illness (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 0.59–6.09; P < 0.01), absence of medical comorbidities (adjusted OR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.05–5.86; P < 0.01), and no new medication initiation before illness (OR: 6.43; 95% CI: 1.52–27.18; P < 0.01), normal sensorium (adjusted OR: 2.84; 95% CI: 0.81–10.00; P < 0.01) and intact orientation (adjusted OR: 6.73; 95% CI: 1.24–36.42; P < 0.01) demonstrated statistically significant predictors of an initial psychiatric diagnosis in the ED.

Conclusion:

Significant predictors of initial psychiatric illness included abnormal behavior, substance abuse, family psychiatric history, absence of major medical conditions, no recent medication changes before illness onset, normal sensorium and orientation, and normal laboratory markers at presentation.
Extranodal Lymphomas as an Unusual Presentation in Usual Sites: A Potential Clinicoradiological Mimicker of Infection
Authors: Geethanjali R. Aruna , Prabhakaran Brindha , Sridevi S. K. , Priyadharshini L. , Dinesh Vishalli , Archana V.
Published: January 2025

Lymphomas encompass a group of malignancies involving the lymphoreticular system, while extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas affect any organ or tissue excluding lymph nodes and the spleen. Extranodal lymphomas (ENLs) have different characteristics and often have distinct pathogenic mechanisms and clinical behavior, which has a significant impact in their diagnosis and treatment. This unique case series highlights the difficulty in diagnosing ENL cases from different sites because they clinicoradiologically mimic inflammatory pathology. Although clinical diagnosis, imaging studies, and histopathological diagnosis help arrive at a final diagnosis, this diagnostic dilemma should be kept in mind and additional workup for biopsy should be considered. Here, we present five cases which had ENLs in the gastrointestinal tract, tonsils, thyroid gland, and testis for which histopathology needs ancillary studies like immunohistochemistry to confirm the tissue diagnosis. It is important to note that any delay in diagnosis will have an impact in the appropriate treatment of the patients in such instances.
Pulmonary Mucormycosis – An Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in Southern India: A PULM MUCOR Study
Authors: Arul Ashwin Oliver , Karthik K. Rajiv , Christopher Devasahayam Jesudas
Published: January 2025

Background:

Pulmonary mucormycosis is a rare life-threatening fungal infection that primarily affects immunocompromised individuals, leading to severe morbidity and high mortality. The delta wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India witnessed an alarming surge in mucormycosis cases, posing a significant health threat nationwide. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors, clinical features, radiological presentation, microbiology, diagnosis, complications, and outcomes of patients with pulmonary mucormycosis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology:

This study retrospectively analyzed case records of patients diagnosed with pulmonary mucormycosis who presented to the departments of pulmonary medicine, respiratory medicine, and infectious diseases at a large 3000-bed tertiary teaching hospital in Southern India between 2012 and 2022.

Results:

Among the 37 patients with pulmonary mucormycosis, 24 (65%) were male, and 13 (35%) were female, with a mean age of presentation of 50.5 years. There were 25 cases of non-COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis (CAPM) and 12 cases of CAPM. The most common risk factor was diabetes in 34 patients (91%), with the mean glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) at presentation being 10.28. History of steroid use was present in 9 (24%) patients, predominantly among those with CAPM. Cough was the most frequent presenting symptom seen in 27 (73%), followed by fever 24 (64%), dyspnea 11 (30%), and hemoptysis 6 (16%). The most common computed tomography (CT) scan findings were consolidations and cavitations. Majority of the samples 25/37 (67%) were acquired using bronchoscopy. Rhizopus arrhizus was the most commonly isolated species. All patients received systemic antifungal therapy with amphotericin and posaconazole. However, only four patients (11%) underwent combined surgical treatment along with appropriate antifungal agents. The overall mortality in this study was 15/37 (41%).

Conclusions:

Pulmonary mucormycosis requires a high index of suspicion, and a delay in the diagnosis leads to complications and poor outcomes. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease were the conventional predisposing factors for pulmonary mucormycosis. However, CAPM was associated with both diabetes and steroid usage. Early identification of the disease is the key, and an early referral for bronchoscopy in a susceptible host can shorten the time to diagnosis and probably improve outcomes. Treatment requires a multipronged approach with control of risk factors, appropriate antifungal therapy, and aggressive early surgery where feasible.
Comparison of tooth substance loss and angle deviation in access cavity preparation using guided endodontics and conventional method in calcified canals – An in vitro study
Authors: Bansal Rajinder Kumar , Bansal Manu , Garg Reeshu , Bansal Dolphi
Published: January 2025

Aims:

This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of access cavity preparation using guided endodontics (GE) and conventional technique (CT) in calcified canals.

Subjects and Methods:

Twenty teeth with calcification up to middle third were collected after scanning through RadioVisioGraphy (RVG). Preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was done and samples were randomly divided into two groups of ten samples each on the basis of method of access cavity preparation. Group 1: Access cavity was prepared by CT, Group 2: Access cavity was prepared by GE. 3D template and corresponding guide drill were made for group 2 samples after performing optical surface scans. After access cavity preparation, postoperative CBCT scanning was performed for all samples. The amount of tooth structure loss and angle deviation were calculated using Sidexis Software.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 22. A t-test compared tooth structure loss and angle deviation between groups, and a one-way ANOVA calculated tooth structure loss in multiple directions for both groups (P < 0.001).

Results:

Our study found that the mean tooth volume loss (17.19 mm3 ± 06.11 standard deviation [SD]) and angle deviation (4.82° ±01.66 SD) in GE was significantly less (P < 0.001) as compared to mean tooth structure loss (38.85 mm3 ± 19.07 SD) and angle deviation (13.16° ±2.34 SD) by CT.

Conclusion:

GE is more accurate and conservative than CT in management of calcified canals.