bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between the ratio of gamma-glutamyltransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of diabetes mellitus using publicly available data: A secondary analysis based on a longitudinal study in Japan
Authors: Zhao Yue , Luo Xiao-ping , Xin Xing
Published: June 2022

Background: The ratio of gamma-glutamyltransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (GGT/HDL-C) has been highlighted in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by previous studies. However, there have been fewer investigations into the correlation between the GGT/HDL-C ratio and the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence. Our secondary analysis used published data from a Japanese population and aimed to investigate the role of the GGT/HDL-C ratio in the incidence of T2DM. Methods: The research was a longitudinal cohort study completed by Okamura, Takuro et al. We obtained the data from the DATADRYAD website and used it for secondary analysis only. The participants recruited from a medical program called the NAGALA database received regular medical examinations and standardized questionnaires to obtain the baseline variables. Abdominal ultrasound was used to diagnose fatty liver disease. The participants were followed up, and the duration and the occurrence of T2DM were documented. The GGT/HDL-C ratio evaluated at baseline served as the independent variable, while the occurrence of diabetes served as the dependent variable.Results: A total of 15,453 cases (8,419 men and 7,034 women) were included in our study. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, DBP, SBP, ALT, AST, TG, T-CHO, HbA1C, FPG, drinking status, smoking status, exercise status, and fatty liver, we observed that GGT/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with the incidence of T2DM: (Hazard ratio = 1.005, 95% confidence interval:1.000 to 1.010, P = 0.0667). The results were consistent when the quartile GGT/HDL-C was used as a categorical variable (P for trend < 0.00396). A curvilinear relationship with a threshold effect was identified between GGT/HDL-C ratio and the risk of incident T2DM. On the left of the point, one unit increase in the GGT/HDL-C ratio was associated with a 1.5 times increase in the risk of incident T2DM (Hazard ratio 2.57, 95% confidence interval 1.20 to 5.49). On the right of the point, when GGT/HDL-C was greater than 6.53, their relationship turned to be saturated. Conclusion: The GGT/HDL-C ratio correlated with the incidence of T2DM in a curvilinear form with a threshold effect. Their positive relationship could be observed when the GGT/HDL-C was less than 6.53.
Novel Current-limiting and Short-circuit Protection Technology for Low-side Power Switch
Authors: Gao Mali , Cai Xiaowu , Hao Ning , Ding Liqiang , Xia Ruirui , Gao Yuexin , Zhao Fazhan
Published: June 2022

Based on 0.35μm BCD process, a current-limiting and short-circuit protection circuit for low-side power switch is proposed. This design adopts the compact current comparator structure to achieve 2A current limiting protection and short circuit protection for the power switch over the temperature range of -25°C to 150°C, while quiescent power consumption is only 55.8μw. The sense-FET technology of this design can achieve 98.11% accurate current sampling. Simulation and experimental results show that when the load is lower than 7.5Ω at 18V supply voltage, the current-limiting protection is triggered to limit the output current to 2A. When the load is short-circuited, the short-circuit protection is triggered and the entire circuit will be shut down. The power supply rejection ratio of this design is -53dB, and the average temperature coefficient is 277ppm/℃, while only occupying an area of 0.055 mm2.
Serum Creatinine as a Clinical Parameter for Patients with Cancer in End-of-Life: a retrospective cohort study in an acute palliative care unit
Authors: Lee Yoo Jeong , Hwang Soon-Young , Lee Chung-Woo , Park Jae young , Kim Su Hyun , Choi Youn Seon
Published: June 2022

Background: Prognosis prediction is a challenge for clinicians caring for patients with cancer in end-of-life. Although previous studies have shown several biological parameters to be prognostic factors, it remains unclear which factors can predict the exact prognosis. Additionally, blood tests for patients with terminal cancer are limited, it is practically difficult to utilize usual parameters as prognostic factors. Therefore, a universal, readily available, and the cost-effective clinical parameter is needed to predict the survival times of patients with cancer in end-of-life regardless of age, sex, or cancer type.Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 280 patients admitted to the palliative care unit at Korea University Guro Hospital from July 2019 to June 2021. After analysis of survival time according to patients’ clinical parameters, Kaplan-Meier survival curves using Serum Creatinine (Scr) levels (cut-off: 1.2 mg/dL) were plotted and compared using the log-rank test. Finally, using stepwise selection, multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify significant prognostic factors.Results: Patients with high Scr (≥1.2 mg/dL) had shorter median survival than those with normal levels (12 days vs 23 days). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model identified male (HR=1.47; P=0.019), stomach cancer (HR=1.88; P=0.020), poor performance status (HR=1.56; P=0.004), leukocytosis (HR=1.81; P<0.001), high AST (HR=1.57; P=0.004), and high Scr (HR=1.54; P=0.022) as significantly associated with shorter survival time.Conclusions: High Scr was significantly associated with poor survival in patients with cancer near end-of-life. This readily available and simple clinical parameter might be helpful in predicting prognosis in palliative care settings.
Determinants of Inconsistent Condom Use among Female Sex Workers in Ethiopia: Findings from the National Biobehavioral Survey, 2020
Authors: Rameto Muhammed Ahmed , Abdella  , Ayalew Jemal , Tessama Masresha , Bulti Jelat , Bati Fayiso , Lulseged Sileshi
Published: June 2022

Background
Though appropriate condom use is an effective and cost-efficient strategy for HIV prevention, its use is inconsistent among female sexual workers (FSWs). Evidence on the magnitude and the drivers of inconsistent condom use across studies among FSWs is limited in coverage and scope. This analysis aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors among FSWs in Ethiopia.
Methods
This analysis uses the data from a cross-sectional ‘National HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Bio-behavioral Survey’ conducted from December 2019 to May 2020 using a respondent driven sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regression models were used to summarize data and measure strength of association. Statistical significance was determined by using P-value less than 0.05 or 95% CI that didn’t include unity.
Results
Overall, 6,085 FSWs from 16 cities and towns participated in the study. Participants’ mean (SD) age was 26.4 (± 6.06). The prevalence of inconsistent condom use across the 16 cities/towns was 17.1% [95% CI (16.5, 17.8)]. Factors independently associated with inconsistent condom use were being married/cohabiting [AOR = 1.56; (95% CI (1.03, 2.23), moderate to severe depression [AOR = 1.43; 95% CI (1.13,1.82)], alcohol dependence [AOR = 1.56; 95% CI (1.06, 2.31)], any drug use [AOR = 1.43; 95% CI (1.14–1.79)], older age (35–59 years) [AOR = 1.29; 95% CI (1.01, 1.64)], sexual violence [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.43, 2.16)], sex selling location change [AOR = 1.27; 95% CI (1.06, 1.51)], length of sex selling experience [AOR = 3.01; 95% CI (2.27, 3.99)], anal sex [AOR = 2.74; 95% CI (2.15, 3.5)], number of non-paying sexual partner [AOR = 1.77; 95% CI(1.48, 2.11)], sex selling experience more than two cities [AOR = 3.01;95% CI(2.27, 3.99)], rape or forced sex [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.43, 1.55)], not having comprehensive HIV knowledge [AOR = 1.39; 95% CI (1.15, 1.68)], newly diagnosed HIV [AOR = 1.52; 95% CI (1.19, 1.95)], and lack of condom access at the workplace [AOR = 2.1; 95% CI (1.69, 2.67)].
Conclusion
Prevalence of inconsistent condom use among FSWs was 17%. Factors independently associated with inconsistent condom use included marital and education status, depression, alcohol dependence, drug use, sexual violence, and increased number of nonpaying partners. Program and individual level interventions need to be considered to enhance consistent condom use among FSWs.
Challenges in Facilitating Online Teaching for Secondary Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic, based on a case study in Sri Lanka.
Authors: de Silva Arosha , de Silva Arosha
Published: June 2022

This research aims to evaluate the challenges in facilitating online teaching for secondary education during the Covid-19 pandemic based on a case study in the western province of Sri Lanka. With the pandemic, teachers had to face many challenges concerning online teaching, as they were unprepared for the remote teaching process that was to follow. For this research, teachers were able to give an account of their experiences, challengers and the sacrifices that had to be made in adapting to this new method of teaching. A mixed method of data collection and analysis was used in this research, as both quantitative and qualitative methods in combination would provide a better understanding of research problem enhancing the validity of the results. Through the findings of this research, it was revealed that most schools and its teachers had embraced online teaching in the midst of the many challengers during Covid-19. Thereby it is vital that measures are taken to overcome and to mitigate the effects these challenges faced in online teaching, making it possible for teachers to deliver an online education for students that is on par with other technologically advanced education system.
Longitudinal Volumetric Evaluation of Hippocampus and Amygdala Subregions in Recent Trauma Survivors
Authors: Ben-Zion Ziv , Korem Nachshon , Spiller Tobias , Duek Or , Keynan Nimrod Jackob , Admon Roee , Harpaz-Rotem Ilan , Liberzon Israel , Shalev Arieh , Hendler Talma
Published: June 2022

The hippocampus and the amygdala play a central role in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pathogenesis. While alternations in volumes of both regions have been consistently observed in individuals with PTSD, it remains unknown whether these reflect pre-trauma vulnerability traits or acquired post-trauma consequences of the disorder. Here, we conducted a longitudinal panel study of adult civilian trauma survivors admitted to a general hospital emergency department (ED). One hundred eligible participants (mean age=32.97±10.97, n=56 [56%] females) completed both clinical interviews and structural MRI scans at 1-, 6-, and 14-months after ED admission (alias T1, T2, and T3). While all participants met PTSD diagnosis at T1, only n=29 still met PTSD diagnosis at T3 (a ‘non-Remission’ Group), while n=71 did not (a ‘Remission’ Group). Bayesian multilevel modeling analysis showed robust evidence for smaller right hippocampus volume (P+ of ~0.014) and moderate evidence for larger left amygdala volume (P+ of ~0.870) at T1 in the ‘non-Remission’ group, compared to the ‘Remission’ group. Subregion analysis further demonstrated robust evidence for decreased volume in the left and right subiculum and right CA1 hippocampal subregions (P+ of ~0.021-0.046) in the ‘non-Remission’ group. No time-dependent volumetric changes (T1 to T2 to T3) were observed across all participants or between groups. Results support the ‘vulnerability trait’ hypothesis, suggesting that lower initial volumes of specific hippocampus subregions are associated with non-remitting PTSD. The stable volume of all hippocampal and amygdala subregions does not support the idea of consequential, progressive, stress-related atrophy during the first critical year following trauma exposure.
Mechanism of antibody-specific deglycosylation and immune evasion by Streptococcal IgG-specific endoglycosidases
Authors: Trastoy Beatriz , Du Jonathan , Cifuente Javier , Rudolph Lorena , García-Alija Mikel , Klontz Erik , Deredge Daniel , Sultana Nazneen , Huynh Chau , Flowers Maria , Li Chao , Sastre Diego , Wang Lai-Xi , Corzana Francisco , Mallagaray Alvaro , Sundberg Eric J. , Guerin Marcelo E.
Published: June 2022

Bacterial pathogens have evolved diverse and intricate mechanisms to evade the human immune system, including the production of immunomodulatory enzymes. Streptococcus pyogenes secretes two multi-modular endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases, EndoS and EndoS2, that specifically deglycosylate the conserved N-linked glycan at Asn297 on IgG Fc, disabling antibody-mediated effector functions. Amongst thousands of known carbohydrate-active enzymes, EndoS and EndoS2 represent just a handful of enzymes that are specific to the protein portion of the glycoprotein substrate, not just the glycan component. Here, we present the cryoEM structure of EndoS in complex with the IgG1 Fc fragment. In combination with small-angle X-ray scattering, alanine scanning mutagenesis, hydrolytic activity measurements, enzyme kinetics, nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular dynamics analysis, we establish the mechanisms of recognition and specific deglycosylation of IgG antibodies by EndoS and EndoS2. Our results provide a rational basis from which to engineer novel enzymes with antibody and glycan selectivity for clinical and biotechnological applications.
Proposed process for extracorporeal monitoring and manipulation of circulating molecules in blood for critically ill patients.
Authors: Chander Bal
Published: June 2022

All organs are interdependent and communicate with each other via molecules and ions circulating in the blood. Most of the time the relationship between the biomolecules is non linear and dynamics and therefore it is important to carry out real time estimation of multiple circulating molecules and ions in blood. Existing sensors make it possible to monitor only a few molecules primarily directed at glucose levels. All such sensors face the problem of interference by non target molecules as well as the intervening tissue. The only solution appears to be an extracorporeal circuit with multiple embedded sensors for real time monitoring of multiple molecules. The circuit also serves the function of reducing the complexity of blood by fractionation wherein cellular components are separated from plasma and latter is further separated into fractions according to the need. Fractionation minimizes interference by non target molecules. It is also important to be able to reduce the high levels of circulating molecules in a controlled and selective manner without using any drugs. As a result of reduced complexity of plasma and real time estimation, such manipulation can be effected via magnetized nano particles designed to capture via chemical reaction a single type of molecule. The proposed process describes the design with underlying rationale along with advantages offered and limitations.
Regorafenib is suitable for advanced colorectal cancer patients who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihiko , Ikoma Tatsuki , Yamamura Shogo , Miura Kou , Tsuduki Takao , Watanabe Takanori , Nagai Hiroki , Takatani Masahiro , Yasui Hisateru
Published: June 2022

Background:
Regorafenib is a standard salvage line therapy used for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, FTD/TPI plus bevacizumab also showed promising efficacy as a salvage line therapy for advanced CRC. However, the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for patients with advanced CRC who have previously received trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) plus bevacizumab is unclear.
Results:
We retrospectively collected clinicopathologic data from patients with advanced CRC who received regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab in multiple institutions between April 2017 and June 2020.Thirty-four advanced CRC patients who received regorafenib were analyzed. The median age was 66.5 (range 43 − 81 years), 11 patients were male, and all had an ECOG performance status(PS) of 0 or 1. Twenty-two patients had left-sided tumors, 18 patients had RAS mutants, and 1 patient had a BRAF V600E mutation. The response rate was 0%, and the disease control rate was 31%. The median progression-free survival was 70 days (95% CI: 56 − 91), and the overall survival was 233 days (95% CI: 188 − 324). Treatment was discontinued in 32 patients, and 28 (82%) discontinued treatment due to progressive disease. The major grade 3 and4 toxicities were proteinurea (29%), hypertension (26%), hand-foot syndrome(15%), and platelet decrease (6%).
Conclusion:
Regorafenib after TFTD plus bevacizumab showed efficacy similar to that of the previous study, and no new adverse events were observed.
Adherence to Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Obesity among Iranian Adults: Yazd Health Study-TAMYZ and Shahedieh Cohort Study
Authors: Sarkhosh-Khorasani Sahar , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Mozaffari-Khosravi Hassan , Mirzaei Masoud , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh
Published: June 2022

Objective
Data demonstrated a relationship between obesity and increasing the risk of mortality and morbidity of chronic diseases. Inconsistent data regarding the association between adherence of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and obesity is identified. Thus, this study intends to address this relationship among a large sample of both urban and suburb areas of Iranian adults.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed on data of 10693 participants including Shahedieh cohort study (n = 3943) and TAghzieh Mardom-e-Yazd (TAMYZ) which was conducted on Yazd Health Study participants, (n = 6750) living in urban and suburb areas. Dietary intake was assessed by using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). In all participants, anthropometric indices including body mass index were measured. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to assess the relationship of HEI-2015 with obesity.
Results
No significant association was found between adherence to the HEI-2015 diet and odds of general and central obesity.
Conclusion
Our findings showed adherence to HEI-2015 might have no protective effect on odds of general obesity. Also, in suburb region and whole population of both urban and suburb regions greater compliance of men to HEI-2015 diet might have a positive effect on odds of central obesity. Moreover, in suburb area participants in the highest quintile significantly were smoker and had higher level of SES. Finally, the casual effect of HEI-2015 on obesity needs to be investigated further in prospective studies and among different populations.
Geometry and causality for efficient multiloop representations
Authors: Sborlini German
Published: June 2022

Multi-loop scattering amplitudes constitute a serious bottleneck in current high-energy physics computations. Obtaining new integrand level representations with smooth behaviour is crucial for solving this issue, and surpassing the precision frontier. In this talk, we describe a new technology to rewrite multi-loop Feynman integrands in such a way that non-physical singularities are avoided. The method is inspired by the Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) theorem, and uses geometrical concepts to derive the causal structure of any multi-loop multi-leg scattering amplitude. This representation makes the integrand much more stable, allowing faster numerical simulations, and opens the path for novel re-interpretations of higher-order corrections in QFT.
La concepción de administración pública y pedagogía para la formación de ciudadanos en la alcaldía de Bogotá, 1995 - 1997
Authors: Ramírez María Fernanda , Suárez Cardona Jóhnnatan Andrés
Published: June 2022

Este artículo indaga sobre la relación entre administración pública y pedagogía, la cual se constituyó en un eje de reflexión-acción que se potenció en la gestión de la Alcaldía de Bogotá en el período 1995-1997, por el entonces alcalde Antanas Mockus, generando así, un modelo singular de gestión pública que generó cambios en el comportamiento ciudadano.
Relación entre acciones de riesgo y el intento de suicidio en jóvenes universitarios, como factor de Bienestar Psicológico
Authors: García Peña John Jairo , Arana Medina Claudia Marcela
Published: June 2022

Este artículo enfatiza en dos aspectos, el suicidio y las acciones que ponen en riesgo la vida, es producto de investigación realizada en tres universidades de Medellín, Colombia, sobre la prevención del suicidio en escenarios universitarios. Se eligieron dos de las variables estudiadas, para un análisis bivariado, con el objetivo de analizar la relación entre las conductas que ponen en riesgo la vida y los actos con la intención de quitársela, como factor de riesgo contra el Bienestar psicológico. El Método fue un enfoque cuantitativo mediante encuesta, con preguntas cerradas sobre causales del suicidio, tabuladas con EpiInfo Vr 7. Los resultados indican una alta relación entre las conductas que ponen en riesgo la vida y los actos con intención explícita de suicidio. En conclusión, los estudiantes universitarios con niveles bajos de Bienestar psicológico, se exponen a situaciones de alto riesgo y tienen más tendencia a presentar ideaciones y actos suicidas
Formar la subjetividad política para el posconflicto: una apuesta desde el proyecto educativo institucional en perspectiva filosófica y pedagógica
Authors: Mosquera Mosquera Carlos Enrique , Rodríguez Lozano María Nelsy
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad comprender las relaciones e interrelaciones que se tejen en la configuración de la subjetividad política desde los procesos formativos con asiento en el Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI), para un escenariofuturo de posconflicto. Los resultados y conclusiones se resumen en que: 1) Se necesita una escuela que sea hospitalaria y de acogida, para que propicie el cuidado de sí y del alter en la formación de la subjetividad política; 2) Es necesario que laescuela reflexione sobre la violencia que ha padecido Colombia, para que los estudiantes tengan cuidado de sí y cuidado del otro; 3) El maestro utilizando el consejo como herramienta pedagógica forma la subjetividad, al mostrar posibles caminos que orienten proyectos de vida; 4) la escuela que forme la subjetividad política desde una pedagogía de la confianza y seguridad debe alejarse del disciplinamiento.
Conocerse como proceso: inicios de las historias de amor de varones gays en producciones culturales argentinas
Authors: Marentes Maximiliano
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en comprender el inicio de las relaciones amorosas como un proceso signado por varios puntos. A partir del análisis de historias de amor de varones gays que aparecieron en diferentes producciones culturales argentinascontemporáneas, se propone un esquema analítico que problematiza la unidireccionalidad y linealidad de los comienzos de las historias amorosas. Se distingue cuando dos varones se conocen en persona y cuando lo hacen por medios virtuales, se traza una diferencia entre gestos eróticos y gestos amorosos y se reflexiona sobre el etiquetamiento vincular o la categoría que define la relación.
Experiencias de reparación simbólica de las comunidades víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Osorio Sánchez Eduardo Gabriel , Urbina Cárdenas Jesús Ernesto , Ayala Garcia Erika Tatiana
Published: June 2022

Se destaca que el arte actúa como elemento para expresar el dolor y transmitir generacionalmente un mensaje enfocado a la garantía de la no repetición de los hechos, la satisfacción de las víctimas y el respeto por los derechos humanos en el marco del Conflicto Armado que vive aún Colombia. Es así que las experiencias de reparación simbólica a partir del arte, desarrollado por las comunidades víctimas de conflicto armado son vitales para su dignificación, para la memoria histórica y a la reconstrucción de la verdad, así como proceso reparador.
¿Memoria oficial o literatura testimonial? El libro “Comuna 13 de Medellín, El Drama del Conflicto Armado” del policía Yoni Alexander Rendón Rendón
Authors: Suárez Gómez Jorge Eduardo , Agudelo Tamayo Juan Pablo
Published: June 2022

El artículo analiza el libro “Comuna 13 de Medellín. El Drama del Conflicto Armado” publicado por Yoni Alexander Rendón Rendón, en 2007 cuando el autor era patrullero de la Policía Nacional, en una las zonas más violentas de Colombia: los barrios populares de Medellín. El libro se analizó en sus dimensiones textuales y extratextuales lo que permitió clasificarlo en el género testimonial y en algunos de los universos discursivos sobre el conflicto urbano, lo que explica su inserción exitosa en las disputas sobre la verdad de lo ocurrido en la Comuna 13 en octubre de 2002 en la operación Orión.
Representaciones sociales del conflicto armado en Colombia en adolescentes de la provincia de Soto Norte, Santander.
Authors: Peña Peña Arbey Jair , Cerquera Córdoba Ara Mercedes , Usuga Jerez Andres Julian , Vanegas Mendez Silvia Nathalia
Published: June 2022

Se exponen las representaciones sociales del conflicto armado presentes en los adolescentes de la provincia Soto Norte, Santander, esto desde el enfoque cualitativo. Se identificaron tres categorías, a saber: “Opinión y valoración sobre el Conflicto Armado Interno Colombiano [CAIC]”, “Origen de la opinión” y “Antecedentes del CAIC en Soto Norte”. Se concluye que, las representaciones sociales se encuentran mediadas por la información que han obtenido acerca del fenómeno armado en distintos contextos, y que dicha información es carente de fundamento; por tanto, se sugiere la generación de espacios psicoeducativos que respondan a la necesidad de construir paz desde las regiones.
Fatiga por compasión y autocuidado en profesionales de la salud. El campo del cuidado y la responsabilidad personal
Authors: Tobón Restrepo Luis Javier
Published: June 2022

Trauma vicario, estrés secundario y fatiga por compasión, son conceptos homologados para describir las alteraciones que padecen los cuidadores cuando está en juego la empatía en su trabajo cotidiano. Este fenómeno es una forma específica de burnout que emerge de las dinámicas que regulan el campo del cuidado y la relación paciente – cuidador. En todo momento y principalmente en tiempos de crisis sociales y de salud, el profesional debe advertir la importancia de la responsabilidad personal del autocuidado, de modo que pueda intervenir esta relación, identificando la carencia o presencia de recursos psicológicos que favorecen la fatiga por compasión o la satisfacción por compasión respectivamente.
Migración en Sudamérica en los últimos treinta años
Authors: Restrepo Betancur Luis Fernando
Published: June 2022

El objetivo del estudio consistió en evaluar estadísticamente el flujo de migrantes de los países de Sudamérica, en los últimos treinta años. Para el análisis de la información se empleó la prueba de contraste de Tukey. Se observó que el mayor porcentaje de habitantes que ha migrado está en Paraguay, con un 12,5%, el menor porcentaje se da en Brasil, presentando diferencia estadística respecto a las demás naciones del sur del continente americano. Se puede concluir que la actual crisis política a la que se ve abocada Venezuela ha incidido en el último lustro en grandes desplazamientos de la población.
Reflexiones críticas e históricas de los Derechos Humanos de la población afromexicana
Authors: Molina Guerrero Norberto
Published: June 2022

Hay que recordar que durante la época colonial la esclavitud no era un simple asunto de racismo como podría entenderse, en el que a alguien excluye a otro por el color de su piel. La esclavitud era una institución, esto es, que en términos políticos hacía parte de la oferta y demanda de bienes y servicios y por lo tanto los esclavos eran una mercancía más, no es nuevo mencionarlo, pero ello significa que en el marco de las políticas económicas el esclavo hacía parte de las estadísticas y de las leyes de comercio, reforzado esto por algunas justificaciones ideológicas y filosóficas. Hay que tener en cuenta que la esclavitud y su dinámica de reconfiguración, fue una realidad en toda América Latina y el Caribe hasta mediados del siglo XX
Haciendo camino al andar: características de los líderes y lideresas comunitarias en el sur de Córdoba y Urabá-Darién. Caso CORDUPAZ Colombia
Authors: Castañeda Gómez Mónica , Dávila Cañas Lucas
Published: June 2022

Los liderazgos sociales y comunitarios en el territorio de Urabá (Colombia) han sido una expresión histórica de resistencia y construcción de sociabilidad a lo largo del tiempo. La investigación busca entender quiénes son los líderes y lideresas del territorio CORDUPAZ, qué los lleva a dedicar parte de su vida a trabajar con y por la comunidad, y reconocer los aportes que han hecho tanto a nivel local como regional. Así, el presente artículo constituye un insumo que permite continuar reivindicando su labor en medio de los escenarios de conflicto armado, violencia y amenazas contra su vida.
Adopción del modelo de Determinantes Sociales de la Salud según la Ley Estatutaria en Salud: ¿Avance en Política Pública?
Authors: Jaimes Montaña Isabel Cristina , Vélez Álvarez Consuelo
Published: June 2022

Con la Ley 1751 de 2015 se reconoció el carácter fundamental del derecho a la salud en Colombia, la norma incluyó una conceptualización de salud a partir del modelo de los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud como aspecto integral para su materialización y goce efectivo de derechos. Ahora bien, para que el derecho fundamental a la salud sea una realidad, todos los actores del sistema, deberán entender la salud de una manera distinta, como un concepto integral e integrador, dentro de un marco de referencia que involucre los DSS y que cambie la mirada asistencialista del sistema hacia promocionar la salud y prevenir la enfermedad. Este trabajo analizó el avance de la política pública en salud a partir de una revisión teórica, legislativa y de 26 Planes de Desarrollo Departamental. Se evidencia en dichos documentos oficiales una orientación de la política pública bajo el modelo adoptado en la Ley.
Archivos comunitarios y de derechos humanos como una apuesta por la memoria, la verdad y la resistencia
Authors: Rengifo Claudia Janeth , Granada Vahos James , Tangarife Patiño Ana María
Published: June 2022

La reconstrucción de saberes sobre archivos comunitarios de derechos humanos y memoria es de vital importancia para los procesos de transición en países marcados por el conflicto armado como Colombia. Es preciso dar cuenta de procesos pedagógicos realizados por organizaciones de víctimas que diseñaron de manera participativa planes de gestión de archivos comunitarios y que contribuyeron a potenciar las nuevas narrativas de paz y preparar a las organizaciones y comunidades para articular sus experiencias territoriales como una manera de narrar para sus propios territorios, así como para establecer un diálogo con las instancias de justicia y de memoria en Colombia en los escenarios de justicia transicional en ámbitos rurales y urbanos. Se han tomado los casos: Comuna 3 en Medellín y los municipios de Granada e Ituango (Antioquia).
En el limbo de la espera permanente. Representaciones sociales en torno a reparación y verdad en mujeres desplazadas por el conflicto armado colombiano: caso granizal y turbo – (Antioquia)
Authors: Hacen Flores Sara Elena , Villa Gómez Juan David
Published: June 2022

Este texto pretende identificar y comprender las representaciones sociales de mujeres desplazadas por causa del conflicto armado colombiano de la vereda Granizal y el municipio de Turbo (Antioquia) en torno a procesos transicionales en escenarios de posacuerdo en Colombia. La metodología se construyó a partir del enfoque fenomenológico-hermenéutico a través de entrevistas en profundidad y semiestructuradas. Los resultados de esta investigación demuestran que, ante el impacto y consecuencias del desplazamiento forzado, las mujeres han construido formas individuales y colectivas de afrontamiento y resistencia para la reconstrucción de sus vidas, siendo los procesos y acciones transicionales del Estado ineficientes para garantizar el acceso a sus derechos, por lo que diariamente afrontan condiciones de exclusión, pobreza y violencia, que les permite afirmar que el discurso transicional del Estado Colombiano puede ser banal y mentiroso.
El papel de las alianzas público-privadas financiadas por la GIZ en la reducción de la violencia de género en América Latina
Authors: Pintor Pirzkall Heike Clara
Published: June 2022

La violencia de género es una pandemia que afecta, sin excepción, a todo el continente latinoamericano. Las autoridades nacionales han realizado importantes avances legislativos con relación a la violencia de género, pero a nivel práctico el alcance ha sido limitado y las cifras siguen creciendo. La Sociedad Alemana para la Cooperación Internacional (GIZ) ha impulsado una serie de proyectos con empresas y gobiernos para reducir la violencia de género tanto dentro como fuera del entorno empresarial, y cumplir así con la Estrategia de Género desarrollada por la GIZ en el año 2013. Este artículo es la segunda parte de un estudio iniciado en el año 2019 en relación con el Programa Regional “Combatir la Violencia contra las Mujeres en Latinoamérica” – ComVoMujer (2009-2018) gestionado por la GIZ en colaboración con 270 empresas latinoamericanas. La primera parte del estudio ha sido publicada en la editorial Universidad de Salamanca en el año 2020 y se centra en las empresas como zonas de paz. En esta segunda parte se pretende valorar el impacto del proyecto ComVoMujer II (2014-2018) que se implementó en Perú, Ecuador, Bolivia y Paraguay. Esta valoración se realiza por medio una serie de indicadores que permiten hacer un balance de las aportaciones hechas por dicho proyecto teniendo en cuenta el número de actividades realizadas, el número de personas participantes, el impacto de las acciones en la sociedad y el papel que han jugado las alianzas público-privadas entre las empresas privadas y las instituciones gubernamentales en la disminución de la violencia de género, con el fin de averiguar si estas acciones deberían incluirse en una estrategia regional a largo plazo.
 
Palabras clave: violencia de género; América del Sur; proyecto ComVoMujer II; Alianzas público-privadas; Cooperación alemana al desarrollo.
Strategizing the Mineral Resource Complex in Russia
Authors: Galiev Zharylkasym , Galieva Nadezhda
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the Russian mineral resource complex, the current carbon neutrality trend in the world economy, and the current development of the petrochemical industry. The adaptation of the Russian economy to the global energy transition requires new approaches to the strategizing of the mineral resource complex industries as a foundation for sustainable economy in Russia. The paper introduces the main competitive advantages of the mineral resource complex and its branches. The research methods included the theory of macroeconomics and the OTSW-analysis, which revealed opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses of the domestic mineral resource complex. The author analyzed various inertial and intensive scenarios of energy transfer and their impact on the competitiveness and sustainable growth of the Russian economy. The study also focused on the strategic opportunities for the mineral resource complex development and the annual economic effect of the new strategy. The strategizing should be based on the global carbon neutrality trend because mineral raw materials are not renewable. Strategizing of the mineral resource complex will ensure a high level of technological development and competitiveness of the Russian economy, as well as increase the export and the gross domestic product.
Strategic Analysis of the Construction Industry in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Kocherbaeva Ainura , Kalpaeva Zarina
Published: June 2022

This article discusses company strategies. In strategic management, a strategy is a long-term qualitative direction that the company develops to achieve its goals. Basically, a strategy is what companies should do to achieve their goals in an unstable and competitive environment. The strategic analysis assesses the current and future state of the organization and determines its strategic choices. The present research featured the construction industry in the Kyrgyz Republic. It relied on Professor V.L. Kvint’s theory of strategizing in the economic system. In modern conditions, construction business requires a proper development strategy to adopt new innovative solutions that allow construction companies to reach a new level of quality. Construction companies can develop strategies based on the specific characteristics of their products. Business requires investments. On the one hand, the investment complex is a self-sufficient reproductive system. On the other hand, it is an integral part of a much larger system, i.e., the state. The research revealed no single methodology

for selecting and implementing particular types of strategic analysis because each construction company is unique. Managers must have a clear vision of all aspects of the long-term development. Strategies are often

limited to option-specific commitments, so decisions need to be considered and evaluated very carefully.
Strategizing Financial Security: Opportunities and Threats
Authors: Kopein Valeriy
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Stability of financial systems has become the most important issue of economic strategizing as a result of geopolitics, global economic crisis, and pandemics, which affect regions and the state as a whole. Financial security is now the current strategic priority of socio-economic development. Study objects and methods. The present research featured Kuzbass as an example of industrial region and its financial security as a strategic characteristic of the financial system. The study of financial security relied on a systematic approach based on the dialectical perception of reality. The empirical research relied on statistical methods, analysis of existing knowledge systems, economic monitoring, etc. The resulting abstract system and theoretical generalizations made it possible to define the strategic priorities of the regional development. In economics, the consistency principle takes into account the territorial features of socio-economic systems; the specifics of natural, economic, technical, and other factors; the degree of its political, administrative, and economic independence; its interaction with other regions, etc. Results and discussion. The phenomenon of financial security of the region is considered as an element of strategic management of socio-economic development. The author determined and classified the essential characteristics of financial security to make up a scheme of formation and development of financial risk as an element of the system of strategic priorities. Within this scheme, inflation and unemployment are additional aggregate criteria for assessing the level of financial security. Conclusion. New systemic threats in the field of finance require new ways to optimize financial relations and develop a theoretical and methodological foundation for qualitative and quantitative assessments of financial security. Numerous studies focus on various aspects of financial security in order to explain the interrelations of the financial bloc with economic elements in the regions, in Russia, and abroad. These relationships define the methodology for assessing the level of financial security and its subsequent consideration in strategizing. The present research compared a set of criteria with their threshold levels. However, these estimates may grow less reliable following the changes in the significance and priority of the corresponding criteria in the unstable economic and political reality. The new conditions require mobility and flexibility in adapting these criteria to the conditions of a particular region. This strategic project can be designed and implemented based on Professor V.L. Kvint’s concept of strategizing.
Global Trends in Improving the System of Personnel Support for Innovative Development
Authors: Shatskaya Irina
Published: June 2022

Human resources management of innovative economic development creates conditions that activate innovative processes in all industries and spheres. The article contains a list of global trends that form these conditions. The trends usually depend on the digitalization and transformation of modern business models based on the ecosystem approach. For each trend, university education has the key role in staffing support.
The creation background of sijo and poetic orientation of Yong-A, Park Yong-cheol
Authors:   Dong Nam Eo-Mun-Hak-Hoi, Kim Joon
Published: June 2022

Yong-A Park Yong-cheol is an important figure who exerted a substantial influence on the formation and activities of the Poet and Literature School.
Therefore, the discussion of Park Yong-cheol has been focused on the realm of modern poets or pure poetry. Previous studies with this trend played a certain role in revealing and deepening the aspect of Park Yong-cheol as a modern poet.
However, on the other hand, they also had limitations that inhibit the scalability of the study on Park Yong-cheol's and narrow the scope of discussion.
In this study, the author paid attention to the fact that Park Yong-cheol was a modern poet as well as a sijo poet, and looked into the background of sijo creation and his poetic orientation. To discuss this, the author first looked at the overall status of Park Yong-cheol’s sijo. Although the previous studies recognized that Park Yong-cheol created sijo, the total volume of the work and their recording location were not organized. Due to this, the prejudice that Park Yong-cheol created sijo as a study was formed. As a result of the discussion in this paper, Park Yong-cheol created about 95 sijos, but considering that the number of his creative free poems is around 70, it can be inferred that Park Yong-cheol's sijo creations were intentional.
Park Yong-cheol's background in creating sijo can be attributed to his relationship with Widang Jeong In-bo when he was studying at Yeonhui University. In addition to this, it is worth paying attention to the letters sent and received while dating her wife, Lim Jeong-hee. Referring to the contents of these letters, it can be seen that the direct factor in Park Yong-cheol's creation of sijo was that they were created to express his subjective feelings. This was basically what Park Yong-cheol had when he wrote poetry, and it was also applied when he created free poetry. Through this, it can be seen that Park Yong-cheol recognized sijo not as a song, but as a style of poetry expressing his emotions.
Park Yong-cheol focused on expressing individual subjective feelings when creating sijo and free poetry. Then, what is the biggest reference point that distinguishes Park Yong-cheol's sijo from free poetry? The reference point is that creation is based on personal experience. Park Yong-cheol's sijo presents an anecdote that he experienced by himself. This experience is closely related to specific poetic subjects such as his wife, Lim Jeong-hee, his close friends, Yeom Hyeong-woo and Yoon Shim-deok, his uncle, himself, and the baby to be born.
This is a rare point to find in Park Yong-cheol's free poetry. In other words, it is conceivable that Park Yong-cheol preferred sijo as a form of expressing the emotions he felt in his experiences.
Through the discussion of this study, the author thinks that this study made a certain contribution to studying Park Yong-cheol’s sijo, in that it expanded the field of Park Yong-cheol study and laid a stepping stone for studying Park Yong-cheol’s sijo
A novel approach for estimating the capacity of ungauged small reservoirs using remote sensing and DEM
Authors: Cao Shengle , You Ruifeng , Li Xinying , Jia Jingjing , Wang Jun , Liu Yang
Published: June 2022

The estimation of small reservoir capacity is of great significance for water resources management. However, many widely distributed small reservoirs lack the capacity information because of the high costs of field measurements. This study proposed a novel approach to estimate the small reservoir capacity in the hilly area by using remote sensing and Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The basic idea of this approach is to explore the relationship between influential factors (i.e., topographic and geomorphic parameters) and measured reservoirs’ capacity to establish a machine learning model based on particle swarm optimization–extreme learning machine (PSO–ELM) to estimate the capacity. The Mihe River basin in northern China is selected as a case study, 111 measured reservoirs, and six optional influential factors are selected to develop and test this model. The results show that the five influential factors (i.e., the area of sub-catchment, the water surface area, the longest flow path of sub-catchment, the average slope of sub-catchment, and the average slope of buffer area) are the optimal combination with the lowest difference between the measured and the estimated reservoir capacities. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach is a robust tool for estimating the capacity of small reservoirs in the hilly area.
Understanding the impact of changes in land-use land-cover and rainfall patterns on soil erosion rates using the RUSLE model and GIS techniques: A study on the Nagavali River basin
Authors: Yaswanth Kottali , Kona Meghana , Andra Sai Kumar , Rathinasamy Maheswaran
Published: June 2022

Soil erosion is the most common type of land degradation, and it has become a global environmental issue that reduces soil productivity and water quality and is accelerated by human-induced activities. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model, which includes factors like rainfall, soil, land-cover, cultivation practices, and slope, was incorporated into the Geographic Information System (GIS) database to estimate average annual soil erosion rates in the Nagavali River basin (NRB) during 1990 and 2020, and this study also focuses on analyzing the impact of the land-use and land-cover (LULC) change, as well as climate variability on the annual average soil erosion rates in the NRB. Results indicate that the average annual soil erosion rate in the NRB ranged from 0 to 2364.46 t/ha/yr in the year 1990 was increased to 7857.21 t/ha/yr by the year 2020 as a result of an increase in rainfall and LULC changes over the study period. Based on the spatial distribution of soil erosion risk classes, it was identified that the area under the very severe erosion class increased drastically from 4.34 to 13.97%, while the area under the very slight erosion class got decreased between the years 1990 and 2020. Accordingly, a correlation analysis was carried out to determine the spatial correlation between the soil erosion pattern and changes in driver variables such as rainfall and land-use classes. These findings can be used to make well-informed decisions at the local and regional levels for the sake of soil conservation.
How much spatial and temporal variation in groundwater microbiology can occur following open dumping of municipal solid waste?
Authors: Naresh Kumar R. , Verma Mohini , Iqbal Jawed , Chakraborty Shubhrasekhar
Published: June 2022

The effects of open dumping of municipal solid waste on local groundwater microbiology were assessed in Ranchi, India. Both the spatial and temporal variations of groundwater microbiology were studied. Groundwater was analyzed to determine heterotrophic plate count (HPC), total coliforms (TC) and faecal coliforms (FC). Highest HPC was 4.5 × 104 CFU/mL and the highest total coliform count was 3.7 × 104 CFU/mL. Faecal coliforms were detected in most of the groundwater samples. The highest faecal coliform count of 2.1 × 104 CFU/mL was from a hand pump located adjacent to the dumping site. Spatial variations revealed dispersion of bacterial contamination up to 5 km from the periphery of the municipal solid waste dump. The level of bacterial contamination decreased with an increase in distance from the municipal solid waste dump. The maximum bacterial count was detected in the monsoon whereas the lowest count was found in summer. Molecular characterization of morphologically similar faecal coliform colonies indicated the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Klebsiella ssnkbit, KU647674) in one of the groundwater samples that showed maximum faecal coliform count. Results of this study indicated that groundwater in the area is highly contaminated with a bacterial load which can be a major health risk.