bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alzheimers Disease Detection Using Different Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Harika S. , Yamini T. , Nagasaikamesh T. , Basha S. H. , Kumar S. Santosh , DurgaKameswari Mrs. S. Sri
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia affecting the brain’s parts. A broad term used to describe illnesses and conditions that causes a deterioration in memory, language, and other cognitive abilities severe enough to interface with daily life is “dementia”. According to estimates, this disease affects 6.2 million Americans and 5 million people in India aged 65and older. In 2019, the most recent year for which data are available, official death certificates reported 121,499 deaths from AD, making Alzheimer’s the “sixth leading cause of death in the country and the fifth leading cause of death for people 65 and older”. In this paper, we suggest several machine Learning algorithms like Decision trees, SVM, Logistic regression, and Naive Bayes identify AD at an early stage. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and the Open Access Series of Imaging Investigations (OASIS) provide data sets white used to detect the disease in its early stage. The datasets consist of longitudinal MRI data (age, gender, mini mental status, CDR) By taking into account many factors in each method, such as precision, F1 Score, Recall, and specificity are calculated. The results obtained 93.7% of maximum accuracy for the Decision Tree Algorithm.
Building Business Intelligence Data Extractor using NLP and Python
Authors: Arjunan Tamilselvan
Published: October 2022

Abstract: The goal of the Business Intelligence data extractor (BID- Extractor) tool is to offer high-quality, usable data that is freely available to the public. To assist companies across all industries in achieving their objectives, we prefer to use cuttingedge, business-focused web scraping solutions. The World wide web contains all kinds of information of different origins; some of those are social, financial, security, and academic. Most people access information through the internet for educational purposes. Information on the web is available in different formats and through different access interfaces. Therefore, indexing or semantic processing of the data through websites could be cumbersome. Web Scraping/Data extracting is the technique that aims to address this issue. Web scraping is used to transform unstructured data on the web into structured data that can be stored and analyzed in a central local database or spreadsheet. There are various web scraping techniques including Traditional copy-and-paste, Text capturing and regular expression matching, HTTP programming, HTML parsing, DOM parsing, Vertical aggregation platforms, Semantic annotation recognition, and Computer vision webpage analyzers. Traditional copy and paste is the basic and tiresome web scraping technique where people need to scrap lots of datasets. Web scraping software is the easiest scraping technique since all the other techniques except traditional copy and pastes require some form of technical expertise. Even though there are many webs scraping software available today, most of them are designed to serve one specific purpose. Businesses cannot decide using the data. This research focused on building web scraping software using Python and NLP. Convert the unstructured data to structured data using NLP. We can also train the NLP NER model. The study's findings provide a way to effectively gauge business impact
Metaverse Simulation Based on VR, Blockchain, and Reinforcement Learning Model
Authors: Bagade Aryan , Wamanse Rutvij , Chandrakant Prof. Rupesh Jaiswal , Mundada Prof. Girish Shrikisan
Published: October 2022

Abstract: With advancements in virtual reality and the boom of the Metaverse, the technology underlying modern games is progressing rapidly. Virtual reality and current Artificial Intelligence algorithms have resulted in impressive results and immersive user experiences. This proposed work aims to create a first-person blockchain figure VR environment incorporating reinforcement learning and imitation learning methods. Supervised and reinforcement learning work using input-output mapping, but the critical difference is that reinforcement learning uses reward and penalty, which are positive and negative action indicators, respectively. The blockchain-based non-fungible agent, based on this indication, learns which actions are favourable. For a better experience, these profitable actions with imitation learning in the state action format are mapped further. In this environment, reinforcement learning is trained with various parameters such as Sensory complexity, Logic complexity for solving tasks, social complexity, and Physical complexity. This simulation enables users to use NFT guns to shoot enemy agents. These agents have been trained to navigate the map using Reinforcement and Imitation learning and shoot us whenever they sense our presence. The simulation is complete if the user kills every agent before his health level finishes. This proposed work highlights the potential of VR, Blockchain, and reinforcement learning in making Metaverse more interactive and impressive
Section 1. Colombian consensus on the diagnosis and follow-up of invasive aspergillosis and Aspergillus disease in adult and pediatric patients
Authors: Rivas-Pinedo Pilar , Oñate José M. , Berrio Indira , Celis Adriana Marcela , Fernández-Suarez Hugo , Castañeda- Luquerna Ximena , Restrepo-Gualteros Sonia , Camacho-Moreno Germán , Saavedra-Trujillo Carlos H. , Enciso-Olivera Leonardo , Cuervo-Maldonado Sonia I. , Patiño-Escobar Bonell , López-Medina Eduardo , Guevara Fredy , Gómez-Rincón Julio C. , Marín-Uribe Jorge I. , Osorio-Lombana Juan P. , Patiño-Niño Jaime , Montufar Franco , García-Goez José F , Álvarez-Moreno Carlos A. , Fernández-Chico Dinno , Pallares G Christian
Published: October 2022

For a long time, the diagnostic approach to IA/Aspergillus disease has been a challenge. The definitive diagnosis is made by correct microbiological and/or histopathological documentation, undoubtedly the fundamental cornerstone for therapeutic decision-making. However, it is considered limited by lack of sensitivity and speed, often being counterproductive, as in many cases invasive procedures are needed (e.g., fibrobronchoscopy [FBC] or tissue biopsy), which delays treatment and undermines survival of at-risk patients. This highlights the need for faster and more accurate diagnostic tools. Although novel serological and molecular methods have been developed that have demonstrated their potential to replace conventional diagnostic tests, inconsistencies in interpretation and validation among the different approaches limit their reproducibility and large-scale clinical application. However, whenever possible, an immunological and/or molecular diagnosis should be made, as it has proven useful in different detection and diagnostic strategies, which with an understanding of its strengths and limitations, and the standardization of the different techniques available, can be incorporated into care protocols and diagnostic algorithms, as an aid in administering and monitoring the different antifungal treatments and predicting possible clinical outcomes. Due to the limited sensitivity (SE) of many of the tests, and variations in the specificity (SP) of some of them, the combined use of several diagnostic tools during the high-risk period for invasive infection and/or during the early period in the course of IA/Aspergillus disease would allow an adequate diagnostic approach, provided that their results are interpreted together with the existing clinical and imaging information.
Section 3. Colombian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of extrapulmonary aspergillosis in adult patients
Authors: Oñate José M. , Castañeda-Luquerna Ximena , Rivas-Pinedo Pilar , Marín-Uribe Jorge I. Marín-Uribe , Berrio Indira , Fernández-Suarez Hugo , Osorio-Lombana Juan P. , Cuervo-Maldonado Sonia I. , Saavedra-Trujillo Carlos H. , Celis Adriana Marcela , Álvarez-Moreno Carlos A. , Gómez-Rincón Julio C. , Restrepo-Gualteros Sonia , Camacho-Moreno Germán , Enciso-Olivera Leonardo , Patiño-Escobar Bonell , Guevara Fredy , Patiño-Niño Jaime , Montufar Franco , López-Medina Eduardo , Fernández-Chico Dinno , García-Goez José F. , Pallares G Christian
Published: October 2022

The clinical manifestations of Aspergillus spp. associated diseases are variable and depend on the interaction between the inoculating dose (which is not known and probably varies widely), the patient’s ability to resist infection at both local and systemic level, and the virulence of the etiologic agent. The major difficulty in establishing a clinical classification scheme lies in the existence of a broad and continuous spectrum of disease, associated with a complicated diagnosis and clinical management. An IA can present as a localized infection in one organ, or as part of a disseminated infection, which presents itself in a varied spectrum of clinical pictures. However, no clinical trials have been completed to evaluate the different specific therapeutic approaches according to the type of involvement in these patients. The most common clinical forms of invasive aspergillosis (IA) occur in the lung and paranasal sinuses, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) can be complicated by spreading to contiguous structures such as the pleural space, pericardium, chest wall and mediastinal structures such as the esophagus and great vessels. It frequently spreads beyond the respiratory tract, and can affect the skin, CNS, eyes, liver, kidneys and other structures.
Dyspnea in a Patient with Asthma, Interstitial Lung Disease, and Dermatomyositis
Authors: Lau Siu Yu Zoe , Jacobs Lawrence
Published: October 2022

We describe the case of a 32-year-old woman with interstitial lung disease (ILD) secondary to dermatomyo-sitis and severe asthma who presented with 2 months of progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia while on rituximab, prednisone, and omalizumab. No clear etiology of her worsening symptoms was identified on previous presentations to care. Repeat CT chest revealed bilateral cystic lung changes and ground glass opacities. She was found to have Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP). This case highlights PJP as an important cause of dyspnea to consider in immunosuppressed patients with these radiographic findings.
RésuméNous décrivons le cas d’une femme de 32 ans atteinte d’une pneumopathie interstitielle consécutive à une der-matomyosite et à un asthme grave et qui présente une dyspnée et une hypoxémie progressives depuis deux mois. Elle prend du rituximab, de la prednisone et de l’omalizumab. Aucune étiologie claire de l’aggravation de ses symptômes n’a été cernée lors de ses visites précédentes. Une nouvelle tomodensitométrie des poumons révèle des modifications kystiques bilatérales des poumons et des opacités en verre dépoli. Il s’avère qu’elle est atteinte d’une pneumonie à Pneumocystis jirovecii (PPJ). Ce cas met en évidence la PPJ comme étant une cause importante de dyspnée à considérer chez les patients immunodéprimés présentant de tels résultats radiographiques.
Rocky Mountain ACP/AMA Internal Medicine Abstracts
Authors: Rocky Mountain ACP/AMA
Published: October 2022

Rocky Mountain ACP/AMA Internal Medicine Abstracts
Colours in Medicine
Authors: Baillie Hector M
Published: October 2022

We live in a visual world.  Colour can tell us a lot about the diagnosis, help us in diagnositic stains, and categorise medications.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in an Adult After COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Chien Kevin , Duffett Lisa , Scarvelis Dimitrios
Published: October 2022

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19, for which our understanding of diagnosis and treatment continues to evolve. We present a case of a 62-year-old woman with fever, fatigue, and general malaise with pancytopenia and significantly elevated inflammatory markers 3½ weeks after the first dose of her Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine consistent with MIS-A post-vaccination. Most cases of MIS-A have been associated with previous COVID-19 infection, but our case highlights that MIS-A is a potentially rare adverse event post-vaccination, even in individuals without previous COVID-19 infection.
RésuméLe syndrome inflammatoire multisystémique chez les adultes (SIM-A) est un syndrome hyperinflammatoire associé à la COVID-19 pour lequel notre compréhension du diagnostic et du traitement ne cesse d’évoluer. Nous rapportons le cas d’une femme de 62 ans éprouvant de la fièvre, de la fatigue et un malaise général qui a présenté une pancytopénie et une élévation considérable des marqueurs inflammatoires trois semaines et demie après avoir reçu sa première dose du vaccin contre la COVID-19 de Pfizer-BioNTech, ce qui corre-spond à un SIM-A post-vaccination. La plupart des cas de SIM-A sont associés à une infection antérieure à la COVID-19, mais ce cas précis met en évidence que le SIM-A est un événement indésirable potentiel rare qui survient après la vaccination, même chez les personnes qui n’ont jamais contracté la COVID-19.
Évaluation de la pertinence de l’application de l’algorithme d’estimation du risque cardiaque périopératoire de la Société canadienne de cardiologie publié en 2016 chez les patients subissant une chirurgie élective non cardiaque avec insuffisance rénale chronique de stade 3b et plus
Authors: Lavoie Marc-Alexandre , Touchette Matthieu
Published: October 2022

RésuméEn 2016, la Société canadienne de cardiologie (SCC) a publié de nouvelles lignes directrices périopératoires s’appliquant aux patients qui doivent subir une intervention chirurgicale non cardiaque. Elle propose, entre autres, un algorithme décisionnel d’estimation du risque cardiaque périopératoire et de surveillance post-opératoire chez les patients subissant une chirurgie élective non cardiaque. Or, cet algorithme pourrait être moins pertinent à appliquer chez les patients avec une insuffisance rénale chronique (IRC) de stade 3b et plus (débit de filtration glomérulaire estimé (DGFe) < 45 mL/min/1,73m2) subissant une chirurgie élective non cardiaque. De fait, dans la présente étude, 145 sur 249 patients avec une IRC de stade 3b et plus, soit 58,2% (IC 95% : 51%–64%, p = 0,011) ont présenté un dosage préopératoire de NT-proBNP ≥ 300 mg/L. Parmi ces patients, 71,0% ont eu un dosage de troponines postopératoire complété. Bien que 24,3% d’entre eux aient subi un Myocardial Injury after Noncardiac Surgery (MINS), seulement 7,8% de ces patients ont bénéficié d’une intensification de leur thérapie antiplaquettaire ou hypolipidémiante afin de réduire leur mortalité à 30 jours postopératoire. La pertinence de l’application de cet algorithme décisionnel pourrait donc être remise en question chez les patients avec une IRC de stade 3b et plus, notamment quant au rapport coût-avantage.
AbstractIn 2016, the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) released new perioperative guidelines for patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. The guidelines push on, among other things, a tree algorithm allowing estimation of perioperative cardiac risk and postoperative monitoring in patients undergoing elective noncardiac surgery. However, little is known about applying this algorithm to patients with stages 3b-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing elective noncardiac surgery. In fact, the present study shows that 145 out of 249 patients with stages 3b-5 CKD (58.2% [95% CI: 51%-64%, p = 0.011]) presented preoperative NT-proBNP levels ≥ 300 mg/L. Of these 145 patients, 103 participants (71.0%) had a postoperative troponin measurement. Although 25 patients (24.3%) of the latter underwent myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS), only 8 patients (7.8%) benefited from a treatment intensification of their antiplatelet or lipid-lowering therapy to reduce mortality within 30 days following surgery. The CCS’ algorithm’s relevance can therefore be called into question in patients with stages 3b-5 CKD, particularly in regard to the benefit-cost ratio.
Diagnostic Challenges in Fava Bean Triggered G6PD Crisis
Authors: Pandey Avinash , Al Maqrashi Zainab , Sedarous Mary , Wyne Ahraaz
Published: October 2022

Limited English proficiency (LEP) affects many Canadians. Patients with LEP are at high risk of medical error, readmission, and increased length of stay. We report on the case of a 66-year-old male with LEP and a diagnosis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency associated hemolysis, and how the language barrier affected his care. Using our case as an example, we describe trends in the LEP literature in the inpatient setting, its effects on patient care and the evidence surrounding the use of point of care interpretation.
RésuméLa maîtrise limitée de l’anglais (MLA) touche de nombreux Canadiens. Les patients ayant une MLA courent un risque élevé d’erreur médicale, de réadmission et de prolongation du séjour à l’hôpital. Nous faisons état du cas d’un homme de 66 ans ayant une MLA qui a reçu un diagnostic d’hémolyse associée à un déficit en glucose-6-phosphate déshydrogénase (G-6-PD) et de la façon dont la barrière linguistique nuit à ses soins. En utilisant notre cas comme exemple, nous décrivons les tendances de la documentation sur la MLA en milieu hospitalier, les effets de la MLA sur les soins aux patients et les données probantes concernant l’utilisation de l’interprétation au point de service.
Perioperative Assessment and Management of Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Gewarges Mena , Frankfurter Claudia , McDonald Michael
Published: October 2022

In noncardiac surgery, a preexisting diagnosis of heart failure (HF) serves as a significant risk factor for major adverse cardiac events. Among elderly patients, this risk is heightened, where the risk of operative mortality and hospital readmission for the same operative procedure has been found to be greater in HF patients than it is for patients with coronary artery disease. In this review, we summarize the requisite preoperative evaluation and management of HF patients undergoing noncardiac surgery and highlight the important perioperative monitoring and management considerations.
RésuméEn chirurgie non cardiaque, un diagnostic préexistant d’insuffisance cardiaque constitue un facteur de risque important d’évènements cardiaques indésirables majeurs. Chez les patients âgés, ce risque est accru, car on constate que le risque de mortalité opératoire et de réadmission à l’hôpital pour la même intervention chirurgicale est plus élevé chez les patients atteints d’insuffisance cardiaque que chez ceux atteints d’une coronaropathie. Dans cet article de synthèse, nous résumons l’évaluation et la prise en charge préopératoires requises pour les patients atteints d’insuffisance cardiaque qui subissent une intervention chirurgicale non cardiaque et nous soulignons les aspects importants de la surveillance et de la prise en charge périopératoires.
A Frosty Encounter
Authors: Grounds Katie , Morgan Alex
Published: October 2022

A 53-year-old lady presented with an 18-month history of an erythematous
pruritic rash 3 weeks following the COVID Moderna vaccination booster.
Following this she developed a tan like colour to her skin with evidence
of tiny white crystals over the superficial layer in keeping with a
diagnosis of uraemic frost.
Reduction of discrete-time infectious disease models
Authors: Parra Rafael Bravo de la
Published: October 2022

In this work we propose the construction of discrete-time systems with
two time scales in which infectious diseases dynamics are involved. We
deal with two general situations. In the first, we consider that
individuals affected by the disease move between generalized sites on a
faster time scale than the dynamics of the disease itself. The second
situation includes the dynamics of the disease acting faster together
with another slower general process. Once the models have been built,
conditions are established so that the analysis of the asymptotic
behavior of their solutions can be carried out through reduced models.
This is done using known reduction results for discrete-time systems
with two time scales. These results are applied in the analysis of two
new models. The first of them illustrates the first proposed situation,
being the local dynamics of the SIS-type disease. Conditions are found
for the eradication or global endemicity of the disease. In the second
model, a case of co-infection with a primary disease and an
opportunistic disease is treated, the latter acting faster than the
former. Conditions for eradication and endemicity of co-infection are
proposed.
Title: Recurrent pacemaker-mediated arrhythmia with a right bundle branch block pattern in a patient with CRT device
Authors: Zhang Yubin , Han Yiru , Zheng Liangrong
Published: October 2022

Indroduction: Under certain conditions, cardiovascular
implantable electronic devices can be directly involved in initiating
and sustaining pacemaker-mediated arrhythmias (PMA), of which repetitive
reentrant ventriculoatrial synchrony (RRVAS) is the most well-known and
common type. RRVAS, also known as pacemaker-mediated tachycardia, was
commonly secondary to atrioventricular (AV) dissociation and subsequent
ventriculoatrial (VA) conduction. RRVAS in a bi-ventricular system is
rare due to its less predisposition to the appearance of AV dissociation
and subsequent VA conduction, but urgent in its adverse impact on
cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), which may predispose to
exacerbated heart failure. Methods/Results: We present a rare
case of recurrent PMA manifested as a right bundle branch block pattern
in a patient with CRT device. Notably, most episodes of PMA were
triggered by a premature atrial contraction accompanied by the
appearance of VA conduction with no prolongation of AV delay.
Conclusion: In this study, we have demonstrated the impact of
the appearance of VA conduction due to the loss of capture of right
ventricular lead and its potential risk for inducing RRVAS in CRT
device.
Severe rhabdomyolysis associated with etoposide-nedaplatin chemotherapy in a patient with small cell lung cancer：case report and review of literature
Authors: Xu Xiaohu , Wu Xiao , Zhang Mingmin , Wang Qi
Published: October 2022

Etoposide combined with platinum drugs is the first-line chemotherapy
for small cell lung cancer（SCLC）. Here, we describe the first case
with small cell lung cancer, who developed severe rhabdomyolysis after
etoposide-nedaplatin chemotherapy. He complained of progressive
generalized muscle pain and weakness after first cycle chemotherapy for
SCLC, accompanied by elevated creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb),
alanine aminotransferase (ALT), spartate aminotransferase (AST) and
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Examination and inquiry of medical history
were used to exclude the factors of rhabdomyolysis caused by trauma,
strenuous activities, infections, hyperthermia and immunity, the patient
was diagnosed with severe rhabdomyolysis induced by chemotherapy. After
treatment with intravenous fluids and methylprednisolone, the patient’s
symptoms were relieved and laboratory tests were significantly improved.
An unexpected situation is that the lung CT scan showed that the lung
mass was significantly smaller than that before chemotherapy, but the
reason is not clear. Rhabdomyolysis induced by anti-cancer drugs,
especially chemotherapy drugs, is rarely reported and easily overlooked.
Therefore, physicians should be aware of this rare but potentially
serious complication when using chemotherapy drugs.
Strategies to prevent self-ligation of adapters used in enzyme mediated methylation sequencing
Authors: Qi peng , Zeng YaLing , Xu Ye , Li YaMei , Wang FengJiao , Pu WangYang , Zhang Rong , Li Min , Xiao Li , Huang Gang , Sirois Pierre , Zhang Jia , Liao DuanFang , Wen HongYan , Li Kai
Published: October 2022

In our recent effort of developing methylation-dependent endonuclease
mediated methylation sequencing technology, efficiency and
reproducibility were restrained by adapters’ self-ligation. In the
present study, three strategies to prevent self-ligation of adapters
used in enzyme mediated methylation sequencing have been developed. Our
data have demonstrated that these strategies can either inhibit or
eliminate the adapters’ self-ligation. These strategies are crucial in
enzyme-mediated methylation sequencing and may be useful in some other
genomic sequencing technologies.
Barcoding and traditional health practitioner perspectives are informative to monitor and conserve frogs and reptiles traded for traditional medicine in urban South Africa
Authors: Phaka Fortunate , Netherlands Edward , Steenberge Maarten Van , Verheyen Erik , Sonet Gontran , Hugé Jean , Preez Louis Du , Vanhove Maarten
Published: October 2022

Published literature suggests that indigenous cultural practices,
specifically traditional medicine, are commonplace among urban
communities contrary to the general conception that such practices are
associated to rural societies. We reviewed literature for records of
herptiles sold by traditional health practitioners in urban South
Africa, then used visual confirmation surveys, DNA barcoding, and folk
taxonomy to identify the herptile species that were on sale.
Additionally, interviews with 11 SePedi and IsiZulu speaking traditional
health practitioners were used to document details of the collection and
pricing of herptile specimens along with the practitioners’ views of
current conservation measures aimed at traditional medicine markets. The
herptile specimens sold by traditional health practitioners included
endangered and non-native species. The absorbance ratios of DNA
extracted from the tissue of herptiles used in traditional medicine were
found to be unreliable predictors of whether those extractions would be
suitable for downstream applications. From an initial set of 111 tissue
samples, 81 sequencing reactions were successful and 55 of the obtained
sequences had species level matches to COI reference sequences on the
NCBI GenBank and/or BOLD databases. Molecular identification revealed
that traditional health practitioners sometimes mislabel the species
they use. The mixed methodology employed here is useful for conservation
planning as it updates knowledge of animal use in indigenous remedies
and can accurately identify species of high conservation priority.
Furthermore, the study highlights the possibility of collaborative
conservation planning with traditional health practitioners.
Global meta-analysis shows that climate and land use disturbances increase forest soil CO2 efflux
Authors: Akande Oluwabunmi , Ma Zilong , Huang Chenyan , He Fangliang , Chang Scott
Published: October 2022

Forest soil CO efflux (F) is a
crucial process in global carbon cycling; however, how
F respond to disturbance regimes in different forest
biomes is poorly understood. We quantified the effects of disturbance
regimes on F across boreal, temperate, tropical, and
Mediterranean forests based on 1240 observations from 380 studies.
Globally, F was increased by 13 to 25% due to
climatic perturbations such as elevated CO
concentration, warming, and increased precipitation.
F was increased by forest conversion to grassland and
elevated carbon input by forest management practices but was reduced by
decreased carbon input, fire, and acid rain. Disturbance also caused
changes in soil temperature and water content, which in turn affected
the direction and magnitude of disturbance effects on
F. Our results suggest that disturbance effects on
F should be incorporated into earth system models to
improve the projection of feedback between the terrestrial C cycle and
climate change.
Long-Term Outcomes Among Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Based on Durability of Glycemic Control: Results from the TODAY Cohort Study
Authors: Higgins Janine , Chernausek Steven D. , ghormli Laure El , Isganaitis Elvira , Kelsey Megan M. , Marcus Marsha D , McKay Siripoom , Siska Maggie , Srinivasan Shylaja , Gubitosi-Klug Rose , Group The TODAY Study
Published: October 2022

  

Objective: To examine the effect of different patterns of durable glycemic control on the development of comorbidities among youth with type 2 diabetes and to assess the impact of fasting glucose variability on the clinical course of type 2 diabetes.

Research Design and Methods: 457 TODAY participants, mean age 14 years and diabetes duration <2 years at entry, and a minimum study follow-up of 10 years were included in these analyses. HbA1c, fasting glucose concentrations, and beta-cell function estimates from oral glucose tolerance tests were measured longitudinally. Prevalence of comorbidities by glycemic control status after 10 years in the TODAY study was assessed.

Results: Higher baseline HbA1c concentration, lower beta-cell function, and maternal history of diabetes were strongly associated with loss of glycemic control in youth with type 2 diabetes. Higher cumulative HbA1c concentration over 4 years and greater fasting glucose variability over a year’s time within 3 years of diagnosis were related to higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, nephropathy, and retinopathy progression over the subsequent 10 years. A coefficient of variability in fasting glucose at or above 8.3% predicted future loss of glycemic control and development of comorbidities.

Conclusions: Higher baseline HbA1c concentration and fasting glucose variability during year 1 accurately predicted youth with type 2 diabetes who will experience metabolic decompensation and comorbidities and may be useful tools for clinicians when considering early intensification of therapy.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a role for reactive oxygen species and peroxiredoxins in fatty-acid-induced rat beta-cell proliferation
Authors: Vivoli Alexis , Ghislain Julien , Filali-Mouhim Ali , Angeles Zuraya Elisa , Castell Anne-Laure , Sladek Robert , Poitout Vincent
Published: October 2022

The functional mass of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells expands to maintain glucose homeostasis in the face of nutrient excess, in part via replication of existing beta cells. Type 2 diabetes appears when these compensatory mechanisms fail. Nutrients including glucose and fatty acids are important contributors to the beta-cell compensatory response, but their underlying mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the transcriptional mechanisms of beta-cell proliferation in response to fatty acids.

Isolated rat islets were exposed to 16.7 mM glucose with or without 0.5 mM oleate (C18:1) or palmitate (C16:0) for 48 h. The islet transcriptome was assessed by single cell RNA-sequencing. Beta-cell proliferation was measured by flow cytometry.

Unsupervised clustering of pooled beta cells identified different subclusters, including proliferating beta cells. Beta-cell proliferation increased in response to oleate but not palmitate. Both fatty acids enhanced the expression of genes involved energy metabolism and mitochondrial activity. Comparison of proliferating vs. non-proliferating beta cells and pseudotime ordering suggested the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxiredoxin signaling. Accordingly, N-acetyl cysteine and the peroxiredoxin inhibitor Conoidin A both blocked oleate-induced beta-cell proliferation.

Our study reveals a key role for ROS signaling through peroxiredoxin activation in oleate-induced beta-cell proliferation.
Comparison of Quadriceps and Hamstring Muscle Strength after Exercises with and without Blood Flow Restriction following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Vieira de Melo Rafael Francisco , Komatsu William Ricardo , Freitas Mellissa Sales de , Vieira de Melo Maria Eduarda , Cohen Moises
Published: October 2022

Background: Muscle mass loss occurs following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery.Objective: To compare the gain in muscle strength in the quadriceps and hamstring muscles in patients following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, using exercises with and without blood flow restriction.Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial, in which 50% (n = 14) of the participants were allocated to the intervention group and the remaining 50% (n = 14) to the control group. The study included the participation of postoperative patients, with reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament.Results: After comparing the rehabilitation of the groups, a statistical difference was observed in the quadriceps with an increase in muscle strength (p < 0.01) after 12 weeks and an increase in muscle strength hamstrings (p < 0.01) after 8 and 12 weeks in the injured legs of the intervention group compared to the control. In the analysis of the participants' physical function, there was an significant increase difference in the Lysholm questionnaire (p < 0.01) after 8 and 12 weeks, in the KOOS pain questionnaire (p < 0.01) after 4 weeks a decrease was observed, symptoms and daily activities (p < 0.01) after 8 and 12 weeks, quality of life (p < 0.01) after 12 weeks, and in the IKDC questionnaire (p < 0.01) after 8 and 12 weeks there was an significant increase difference of the intervention group compared to the control.Conclusion: After anterior cruciate ligament surgery, exercises with blood flow restriction proved more efficient for improving the muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings, and the physical function of the knee than the same exercises without blood flow restriction.
LAY ABSTRACTAfter anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery patients need to undergo a gradual process of rehabilitation. This prospective study compared muscle strength gain between exercises with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) in the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Regarding knee extension, there was an improvement in muscle strength after 12 weeks in the injured legs. For knee flexion an improvement was observed at 8 weeks, in addition to improvement in functionality. The use of blood flow restriction in rehabilitation exercises after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was shown to be more efficient for muscle strength gain in the quadriceps and hamstrings and improvement in knee physical function.
Optimización de la distribución en planta con formulación QAP y simulación de eventos discretos
Authors: Anacona-Mopan Yesid , Segura-Dorado Jhon , Paz-Orozco Helmer
Published: October 2022

Un diseño apropiado de las instalaciones de fabricación puede aumentar la eficiencia de las operaciones internas de una empresa, mediante la optimización de los costes de manipulación y flujo de materiales. En este trabajo se abordó la planificación de la distribución de las instalaciones (FLP, por sus siglas en inglés), modelada como un problema de asignación cuadrática (QAP, por sus siglas en inglés), aplicado a una empresa dedicada a la producción de licores. El problema se resolvió utilizando la Técnica de Asignación Relativa Computarizada de Instalaciones, que pertenece a los algoritmos heurísticos, con la cual se logró determinar la mejor asignación de las áreas para la planta, teniendo en cuenta las distancias recorridas y los costos de flujo de materiales. Posteriormente, se realizó una simulación para evaluar la nueva distribución ante las actividades diarias de la empresa, teniendo en cuenta la variabilidad de los tiempos de carga y descarga. Los resultados de la simulación sugieren que, si se aplica la nueva distribución, los costes y los tiempos del flujo de materiales se reducirían en un 13,22 % y un 4,28 %, respectivamente.
Docência e curadoria
Authors: Santos Eliane Nataline , Amorim Simone Silveira
Published: October 2022

A partir da compreensão de que a divulgação na rede social Facebook possibilita maior visibilidade para as questões étnico-raciais, optou-se por evidenciar seu uso de acordo com a perspectiva da curadoria, tomando postagens sobre o tema como o foco deste artigo. Assim, o objetivo é promover reflexões de cunho étnico-racial considerando-se as postagens de docentes no Facebook. Esta pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa Minayo (2001) e bibliográfica Fonseca (2002). Utilizou-se o quadro de sistematização da percepção da imagem de Amorim e Kress (2020), em perspectiva crítica, para analisar as postagens. O aporte teórico está pautado em Munanga (2001, 2015), Carneiro (2005, 2011) e Adichie (2019). Espera-se, com este texto, ampliar as reflexões sobre a temática racial, tendo em vista as postagens dos docentes que fazem uso do Facebook como um instrumento de visibilidade para as questões étnico-raciais.
Questões de gênero em uma experiência de educação integral
Authors: Souza Pollyanna Regina Batista de , Caldeira Maria Carolina da Silva
Published: October 2022

Considerando que as cidades têm um currículo, este artigo objetiva analisar questões de gênero identificadas em uma pesquisa que investigou um grupo de crianças em uma experiência de educação integral que tem como característica que seus/suas participantes saiam do espaço escolar: o Programa Escola Integrada. Com base na perspectiva pós-crítica de currículo, o artigo mostra como o dispositivo da infantilidade (que, desde o início da Modernidade, tem produzido sujeitos infantis) entra em conflito com questões relativas ao gênero, demandando posições de sujeito diversas para os/as participantes do Programa. Utilizando elementos da etnografia educacional e da análise de discurso foucaultiana, o artigo mostra como normas e ditos de gênero atuam nesse currículo, de maneira a definir e nomear performances como femininas e masculinas e como adequadas ou não à vivência na infância.
Letramentos críticos na formação docente
Authors: Barros Walter Vieira
Published: October 2022

Este artigo discute a importância de uma formação do professor de língua inglesa que focalize o ensino orientado pela perspectiva dos letramentos críticos, por acreditar na contribuição de tal perspectiva para uma sociedade menos violenta e mais humana. Assim, o presente trabalho se baseia na perspectiva teórica mencionada e nas noções de estágio como pesquisa e de componente curricular como meio. A análise focaliza um recorte dos dados de uma pesquisa qualitativa de base etnográfica desenvolvida em nível de mestrado em que estagiárias desenvolvem suas respectivas práticas orientadas pela teoria aqui abordada. Com a análise, observa-se como as noções de estágio como pesquisa e de componente curricular como meio favorecem e potencializam o desenvolvimento de práticas fundamentadas nos letramentos críticos, os quais dão centralidade a questões mais formativas dos sujeitos/alunos situados no contexto investigado.
religião cristã em perspectiva pós-moderna
Authors: Gomiero Natã Luís Raphael Vicente , Lopes Gonçalves Paulo Sérgio
Published: October 2022

Objetiva-se neste artigo, analisar teoricamente a religião cristã em perspectiva pós-moderna, presente no diálogo realizado entre o pensador Gianni Vattimo e René Girard. Justifica-se o nosso objetivo, a categoria pós-moderna cunhada a partir das considerações de Gianni Vattimo, em que “pensiero debole” e cristianismo não religioso, delineiam um novo cenário epistemológico. Pós-modernidade então, não se configura em desenlace com a fé cristã, mas é a autorrealização desta religião. O pensamento de Vattimo é recepcionado pelo francês René Girard, que a partir de sua teoria mimética e estudo acerca do sentido do sacrifício nas grandes culturas humanas, desenvolve novas considerações para a religião cristã, realçando sua originalidade de cunho antropológico. Não obstante, a caridade cristã, para ambos autores, se sobrepõe a qualquer interpretação institucional da fé e é o elemento nuclear do processo revelatório de Deus em Jesus Cristo. Por isso, nos cabe a pergunta: basta ao cristianismo ser uma religião de caridade para configurar-se como verdadeira religião. Para responder essa pergunta e visando atingir o objetivo proposto, tomar-se-á como objeto material o diálogo entre esses pensadores, presente na obra Cristianismo e Relativismo, a obra Crer que se crê  de Gianni Vattimo, a obra O Bode expiatório de René Girard e comentadores do assunto.
PENERAPAN MEDIA PICTURE AND PICTURE DALAM MENGKATKANPEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DI SMK NEGRI 2 TALUK KUANTAN
Authors: Ahdar Ahdar , Nurdiansyah Nurdiansyah
Published: October 2022

Penelitian yang dilakukan ini mengenai pembelajaran Sejarah dengan menggunakan metode Kooperatif Picture and Picture. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui penggunaan metode Picture and Picture pada pembelajaran Sejarah dan juga pengaruhnya dalam pembelajaran Sejarah. Dalam upaya mewujudkan suasana belajar yang menyenangkan dibutuhkan sebuah kreativitas guru yakni dalam menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang menarik bagi peserta didik. Pada pembelajaran Sejarah dibutuhkannya media untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dan membuat pembelajaran di kelas lebih aktif yang mana selama ini pembelajaran sejarah banyak menggunakan metode ceramah dan hafalan saja. Maka diperlukannya sebuah media yang akan membuat peserta didik dapat lebih aktif dan memahami materi yang disampaikan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakn di SMKN 2 Taluk Kuantan dimana subjeknya adalah siswa siswi kelas X OTKP 2. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwasannya kelas X OTKP 2 sangat antusias, aktif dan  sangat komunikatif dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran ketika menggunakan metode pembelajaran seperti Picture and Picture pada saat belajar. Berbeda saat tidak menggunakan media, mereka cenderung lebih pasif. Dari sini ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian yang dilakukan telah berhasil. Kata kunci: Interaksi Guru, Perilaku Sosial, Pembelajaran IPS
MOTIVASI BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Rambe Paijan
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya mahasiswa memiliki motivasi dalam pembelajaran online selama masa pandemi covid19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kondisi detail motivasi belajar mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran online selama masa covid 19. Penlitian ini dilakukan di STKIP ‘Aisyiyah Riau dengan melibatkan 50 orang mahasiswa pada program studi pendidikan Ekonomi dan PG-PAUD. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi evaluasi dan bahan pertimbangan bagi civitas akademika dalam memfasilitasi dalam perbaikan jika masih menerapkan pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan rumus . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa motivasi belajar dalam pembelajaran online selama masa pandemi covid 19 berada pada kategori baik dengan hasil 70,89%. Pandemi covid 19 tidak menjadi alasan mahasiswa untuk tidak memiliki motivasi belajar yang tinggi, walaupun dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat kekurang-kekurangan yang ditemukan,akan tetapi tidak ada pilihan lain selain mengoptimalkan pembelajaran daring.Kata Kunci : Motivasi Belajat, Pembelajaran Online, Covid19
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Sistem Kontrol Alat Tanam Benih Jagung Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Unnazif Dia , Almasri Almasri
Published: October 2022

Perancangan dan pembuatan sistem kontrol alat tanam benih jagung berbasis Arduino Uno menggunakan smartphone android sebagai remote control, bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan teknologi berbasis Arduino Uno dalam mengontrol alat tanam benih jagung agar dapat dikendalikan dari jarak jauh melalui komunikasi Bluetooth HC-05. Metode perancangan dan pembuatan alat ini dilakukan mulai dari study literature, perancangan sistem, pembuatan dan pengujian alat. Pengontrolan sistem pada alat tanam benih jagung ini, dilakukan oleh Mikrokontroler ATMega 328 untuk menjalankan dua motor DC. Mikrokontroler ATMega328 menerima perintah dari smartphone android melalui komunikasi bluetooth dan diteruskan ke driver motor IBT-2 BTS7960 untuk menggerakkan dan menentukan arah putaran motor DC sesuai perintah yang di inputkan dari smartphone android sebagai remote control. Hasil pegujian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sistem kontrol alat tanam benih jagung bisa bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan rancangan.Kata kunci : Benih Jagung, Mikrokontroler ATMega328,Bluetooth HC-05,dan Driver Motor IBT-2 BTS7960 The design and manufacture of an Arduino Uno-based corn seed planting control system using Android as a remote controller, aims to apply Arduino Uno-based technology in controlling corn seed planting equipment so that it can be controlled remotely via Bluetooth HC-05 communication. The method of designing and manufacturing this tool is carried out starting from the study of literature, system design, manufacture and testing of tools. System control on this corn seed planting tool is carried out by the ATmega 328 Microcontroller to run two DC motors. The ATmega 328 microcontroller receives commands from android via bluetooth communication and is forwarded to the IBT-2 BTS7960 motor driver to drive and determine the direction of rotation of the DC motor according to commands input from android as a remote controller. The results of the tests that have been carried out show that the control system for corn seed planting equipment can work well according to the design.Keywords: Corn Seed, ATMega328 Microcontroller, Bluetooth HC-05, and IBT-2 BTS7960 Motor Driver
Asymptotic Behavior of the Eigenvalues of a Periodic Operator with Two Distant Perturbations on the Axis
Authors: Golovina A. M.
Published: October 2022

We consider a second-order periodic operator with two distant perturbations on the real axis. Perturbations are real finite continuous potentials. The objective is to investigate a behavior of the eigenvalues of the perturbed operator when the distance between the potentials tends to infinity.  The study issue is an existence of perturbed eigenvalues in the case of a double limiting eigenvalue (the simple and isolated eigenvalue of a periodic operator with first potential + the simple and isolated eigenvalue of a periodic operator with а second potential).

The paper aim is to construct the first terms of the asymptotic expansions of the perturbed eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions in the case of a double limiting eigenvalue.

The technique to obtain the results can also find application when constructing complete asymptotic expansions of perturbed eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions. The finiteness of the distant potentials allowed us to reveal the complex exponential structure of the asymptotics obtained.

The main results include the following:

the first terms of the asymptotic expansions of the perturbed eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions;

symmetry of the first corrections of the asymptotics of the perturbed eigenvalues with respect to zero;

exponential structure of the asymptotics of perturbed eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions.
On Laplacian Discrete Spectrum Behavior with Two Distant Perturbations on the Plane in the case of a double limiting eigenvalue
Authors: Golovina A. M.
Published: October 2022

We consider the Laplacian with two distant perturbations on the plane. Perturbations are a real finite continuous potentials. The investigation is aimed at a behavior of the perturbed operator eigenvalues when the distance between the potentials tends to infinity. The study concerns an existence of the perturbed eigenvalues in the case of a double limiting eigenvalue (a double eigenvalue of the Laplacian with the first finite potential).

The paper aim is to construct the first terms of the asymptotic expansions of the perturbed eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions in the case of a double limiting eigenvalue.

The technique used to obtain the results is also applicable to the construction of complete asymptotic expansions of perturbed eigenvalues аnd their corresponding eigenfunctions. The finiteness of the distant potentials made it possible to reveal the complex exponential-power structure of the asymptotics obtained.

The main study results include  the following:

the first terms of the asymptotic expansions of the perturbed eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions;

the first corrections of the asymptotics of the perturbed eigenvalues being equal to zero;

exponential-power structure of the asymptotics of perturbed eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenfunctions.