bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Initial Conditions on Unsaturated Groundwater Flow Models
Authors: Mohd Taib Aizat , Raihan Taha Mohd , Zulaika Abang Hasbollah Dayang
Published: July 2024

Slope failure in unsaturated soils is common in tropical countries due to the seasonal pattern of abundant rainfall preceding a period of prolonged drying. Much research has been undertaken to understand the behaviour of unsaturated slopes and reduce the number of catastrophic failures. The initial conditions are important factors in numerical modelling of the groundwater flow yet rarely considered in detail in the literature. This paper presents a parametric study of the initial conditions at a slope in Bukit Timah, Singapore. The intensity and duration of rainfall are varied to assess the effect on the pore-water pressure in the slope. The generated pore-water pressure profile is compared with field measurements and previous numerical studies. It is discovered that a low rainfall, with an intensity of 1x10-7 m/s over a period of 62 days, results in initial pore-water pressure which is consistent with data recorded at the field. Unlike the duration, changes in the rainfall intensity are shown to have a significant effect on the pore-water pressure in the slope. This study, therefore, demonstrates the importance of determining appropriate initial conditions in unsaturated groundwater flow analysis.Â Â  Â
BIM Implementation in Asia Towards Functionalities: A Systematic Review
Authors: â€˜Ariff Putra Ansaruddin Agus Muhammad , Hamzah Noraini , Azry Khoiry Muhamad
Published: July 2024

Building Information Modelling (BIM) becomes the important tools for architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) firms. BIM has been regarded as one of the growing requirements in the construction industry, as BIM provides a variety of facilities to assist in the smooth running of the project. The implementation of BIM in the construction industry has been identified by the researchers to determine the functionalities itself. Even though BIM has been implemented since decades ago, not all of the countries adopted BIM fully. This will influence the level of maturity of BIM for these countries. As Malaysia moves towards a vision of a high-income economy target, BIM provides the influence of information technology in the construction sector and the implementation of BIM leads to successful construction. This paper presents BIM implementation in several developed countries in Asia, as well as the functional issues of BIM will be highlighted. A systematic review of 42 journals and publications focusing on BIM functionalities in Asian region has been conducted and discussed. The finding shows publications about the functionalities of BIM in Asia have been growing rapidly. This paper is part of ongoing research into preparing a level of maturity for the Malaysian construction industry and its prediction.Â Â Â
Locating Underground Water Pipe Leakages Via Interpretation of Ground Penetrating Radar Signals
Authors: F. Senin S. , S. Jaafar M. , Hamid R.
Published: July 2024

Water wastage due to leakages in the water distribution system is a common problem encountered worldwide. The detection and localization of water pipesâ€™ leakages in the underground pipe system is possible by the high-resolution images of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) with 1.6 GHz antenna. Experimental simulation of water leakage for shallow buried PVC pipe at a depth of 0.24 m and 0.23 m in mediums of dry sand and loose soil, respectively was performed. Holes were drilled in the middle of the pipe to allow water to leak inside the soils. The presence of water in the soils is detected as the soilsâ€™ moistures influence the GPR signal reflection characteristics. The GPR images show appearance of delayed hyperbolas and the attenuation of reflection when the water content increased. The increased in dielectric constant and the reduction of wave velocity of the GPR signals in soil enabled the inspector to detect the water leakage in pipes. Results showed that the depth of the water leakages in the pipes were detected at 0.242 m 0.220 m respectively. GPR method is able to locate the underground water pipes leakages in the underground pipes accurately.Â Â
Plastic Waste Contribution in Concrete Strength Improvement At Early and Long Curing Ages
Authors: H. ALfahdawi V , A. Osman S. , Hamid R. , Ismail AL-hadithi Abdulkader
Published: July 2024

In general, the concrete suffering of brittleness and weakness to resist the direct and tensile stresses.Â  In Malaysia, millions of tons of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste accumulated from the single use of drinking water bottles, its accumulation creates threat on the civilian life and the environment. Inclusion of shredded PET waste in concrete may help mitigate the negative impact of plastic waste on the environment and further produce green/sustainable concrete and solve the weakness of tensile strength. In current research, 0.0 to 1.75% of coarse aggregate weight was replaced by PET waste to delve into the behavior of low velocity impact strength of concrete containing PET at early and long curing age. It was positive that some of the ratios helped to enhance the impact strength at age 28 days, where the number of blows increased to 80%, and at age 90 days, the number of blows increased up to 4 times compared with age 28 days. The results exhibited to the possibility of utilizing PET waste by low volumes to produce new concrete has good strength and contributes in reducing the plastic waste negative impact on the environment.Â
Removal of Synthetic Estrogens in Attached Growth System
Authors: Kasmuri Norhafezah , William Lovitt Robert , Suja Fatihah
Published: July 2024

Effective treatment of wastewater is crucial to reduce the impact of industry and human activities on the environment. Thus, a more efficient water treatment is needed to remove the components of waste, or the pollutants, faster. Hence in the case of this study, the aim was to investigate the use of bio-filters to remove ammonia-nitrogen and endocrine disrupters (17Î±-ethynylestradiol, the EE2, and mestranol, the MeEE2) in a batch culture experiment. The initial concentrations of 100 Âµg/L of EE2 and 100 Âµg/L of MeEE2 were prepared and added to the batch reactor with bio-filters.Â  The bio-filters contained four concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen which were 35 mg/L, 65 mg/L, 85 mg/L and 100 mg/L. The results showed that with 35 mg/L of ammonia-nitrogen, the concentration of the EE2 and the MeEE2 was reduced to 30 Âµg/L showing 70% of them removed over the incubation period.Â  Whereas with 65 mg/L of ammonia-nitrogen, the EE2 and MeEE2 were reduced to 27 Âµg/L and 22 Âµg/L, of which 73% of the EE2 was removed while the MeEE2, 78%.Â  Thirdly, with 85 mg/L ammonia-nitrogen, the concentration of both oestrogens was reduced nearly the same, which was the EE2 16 Âµg/L and the MeEE2 14 Âµg/L. Here, 84% of the EE2 was removed and the MeEE2, 86%. Lastly, using 100 mg/L of ammonia-nitrogen, the concentrations of the EE2 and the MeEE2 were reduced to 11 Âµg/L and 14 Âµg/L, thus removing 89% of the former and 86% the later. These results displayed the highest removal of oestrogens in comparison with other experiments at different initial concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen in the attached growth system of bio-filters.Â Â
Soot Particulate Emission from A Single Cylinder Direct Injection Diesel Engine
Authors: Affina Andi Nurul , Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood Wan , Ibrahim Fadzli , Nizam Ab Rahman Mohd
Published: July 2024

Soot formation, which occurs mainly because of imperfect combustion, affects engine. Engine components tend to wear hence reduce engine performance. In the present study, soot particle collection and analysis was carried out in a relatively simple and low-cost method. The first objective is to identify the level of opacity percentage of the soot at different engine speeds and loads. The second objective is to obtain the mass of soot using Alkidas theory. The last objective is to measure and obtain the size of soot particles. The opacity was measured using a Bosch Gas Analyser and soot particles from the engine were simultaneously collected using TEM grids inserted into the exhaust manifold. Alkidasâ€™s correlation was used to convert soot opacity to soot mass. The TEM instrument was used to produce images of the collected soot particles and at once, enable the measurement of the size of the particles. The results from this study shows that, soot opacity and mass emitted increase as the engine speed and load increase. It was observed that soot particle size become smaller at higher engine speeds and loads. From TEM image analyses, the range of size of soot obtained is 26 nm to 84 nm.Â
Decentralized Non-Derivative Algorithm for Real-Time Optimising Control of Large-Scale Industrial Processes
Authors: Abdullah Normah , Tau Han Cheong , Jailani Mohd. Nor Mohd. , Mohamed Haris Sallehuddin
Published: July 2024

Designing controller systems for large-scale processes in a centralized form are faced with computational burden due to the large number of decision variables involved, however these difficulties can be overcome by decentralization or decomposition of the optimal control problems into smaller sub-systems in a hierarchical manner. Hence, this paper presents a decentralized adaptive real-time optimizing (RTO) control scheme for determining and maintaining the optimum steady-state operating conditions for inter-connected large scale industrial processes. The proposed strategy extends the applicability of the centralized non-derivative algorithm and by structuring it hierarchically in a decentralized fashion as in the Integrated System Optimisation and Parameter Estimation (ISOPE) technique. The proposed algorithm has been formulated in two different ways of utilising the available measurement from the plants: the first method employs input-output feedback and the second method uses only output feedback. The simulation examples are provided to illustrate and compares the methods in which the results show that the algorithm with input-output structure performs better with less number of set-point changes and faster convergence. Since the algorithm is designed in the decentralize form, the computation difficulties may adequately be dealt with.Â Â
Self-Leveling Laser for Direction Marking System
Authors: Hazliza Ariffin Nur , Arsad Norhana , Hariz Ahmad Azri , Bais Badariah , Kamal Noorfazila , Ab Aziz Norazreen , Salasiah Mokri Siti , Mohd Mydin Raihanah
Published: July 2024

The laser has the ability to radiate a fine shaft of light within a certain distance, yet it will produce excess infrared light that is invisible to the eye. Direct exposure towards the infrared light is extremely dangerous as it can cause serious eye damage. Therefore a self-leveling laser for direction marking system is proposed to control the movement of the laser and to reduce the risk of direct exposure to the eye. The development of the system is achieved with a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) gyroscope and accelerometer to support the structure orientation of the mounted laser on a servo motor before the laser emits light. Data from both sensors are successfully merged through a complementary filter with a filter factor, a = 0.97. Moreover, the light intensity of 532 nm green and 650 nm red wavelength laser diodes were measured using a spectrometer and the comparison shows that the green laser has a narrower linewidth as the distance is increased.Â Â Â
Assessment of Justified Distribution Factors Versus Bialekâ€™s Methods for Transmission Usage Evaluation
Authors: H. Radzi N. , H. Ali M. , N. Abdullah M. , A. Jumaat S. , Salimin S. , Hamdan R.
Published: July 2024

In restructuring electricity market, the electricity business has been separated to three major parts which are generation, transmission and distribution companies. For transmission, the most important component is the transmission line because transmission lines transmitting the power flow from generation to distribution. One of the issues of transmission utility is allocating the charges to the transmission user. The charges must be fair and accurate to all of the transmission users. In addition, an efficient transmission usage evaluation is important to be developed for determining the actual power usage of generators and loads to transmission line. Hence, this paper presents the assessment of Justified Distribution Factors versus Bialekâ€™s methods for determine the efficient transmission usage scheme. The DC power flow method is used in this project as the transmission utilities prefer to choose this simple and easy method in determining the transmission service charges. A case study on 4 bus system was carried out in order to test the developed methodology. Power World Simulator also was used in order to identify the net power flow of each line. In conclusion, this paper focuses on to identify the best method of transmission usage evaluation for transmission service charge methodology.Â Â
Performance Analysis of Femtocell Deployment in an Indoor LTE Cellular Networks
Authors: Laily Yusof Azita , Arif Syafiq Mohamad Rohim Mohamad , Yaâ€™acob Norsuzila , Mohd Aziean
Published: July 2024

Wireless communication has become an essential as the technology advanced and this creates a situation where a high capacity cell is needed to accommodate the needs of the public, especially in urban area. The cell that contained heavily loaded users became crowded and hence affected the signal performance. This situation will result in low signal strength received by the users, bad performance of the system and even drop call happened. This paper presents the performance analysis of femtocell deployment in indoor LTE cellular networks. In this study, to support this crowded cell, this research proposes deployment of femtocell which can enhance indoor coverage in Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks. A femtocell is a small, low-power cellular base station, typically designed for use in a home or small business. Several test measurements at 3 different floor levels of shopping mall have been carried out by using Nemo Handy tool to see on signal strength variations. Based on the measurement analysis, a framework with femtocell deployment has been developed by using MATLAB software to improve the signal strength performance. The results demonstrated that femtocell deployment has improved handover successful rate and hence, provides better indoor coverage and network capacity for LTE cellular networks.Â Â
Review on Steganography Methods in Multi-Media Domain
Authors: Din Roshidi , Mahmuddin Massudi , Jabbar Qasim Alaa
Published: July 2024

Steganography is one area in information security that is able to conceal the secret message in any media to avoid the intruders. In this paper, the review of steganography is done in certain media such as image, text, audio, and video. It analyses some of the techniques that applied steganography to discover the development of the techniques to cover a secret message. It is expected that this paper is able to describe the implementation of steganography by previous researchers on their efforts.Â
Numerical Modeling of Heat Transfer in Gun Barrel with Experimental Validation
Authors: Alan Suyadnya Kadek , Tarwidi Dede , Budi Setiawan Erwin , Febrian Umbara Rian
Published: July 2024

Transient heat transfer in a gun barrel has been investigated numerically in this paper. Numerical modeling is conducted with the objective to obtain temperature history of the gun barrel. From the temperature history, the maximum number of gun shots before the cook-off temperature of the gun barrel attained can be known. Gun barrel is a part of firearm functioned to control gas flow which is aimed to propel projectiles out of the barrel with high velocity. Each propelled projectile produces very high temperature caused by projectiles explosion and friction between projectiles and bore surface. If the temperature of the gun barrel reaches the cook-off temperature, the bore surface will be damaged. Heat conduction equation in cylindrical domain is used to model heat transfer inside the gun barrel. Numerical results are obtained by implementing the finite volume method. From the numerical simulations, we found that our numerical method has very small error compared to experimental data that are 1.68% and 0.95% for total heat transfer and maximum temperature of bore surface, respectively. Moreover, the maximum number of gun shots in order not to attain the cook-off temperature is 27 times with ten seconds per shot and rest time six seconds in every six gun shots.Â Â
Modified AES with Matrices Selective Block Cipher on Image Encryption
Authors: Barja Sanjaya Muhammad , Adolf Telnoni Patrick
Published: July 2024

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is one of symmetric cryptography which its operation is conducted in cipher block mode. Meanwhile the computation operation is in cipher block mode, AES takes high cost of computation to process the data. Moreover nowadays the data size to process has been bigger, such as image. Because of this, it appears several questions for AES cryptography performance to implement. Several designs of methods that have been studied and conducted namely selective bit plane in 2002 and partially encryption in 2013 were still in high cost for computation. Thus, a new design or method is proposed to cut off the high cost of computation in time processing and memory consumption. In this study, it is proposed matrices selective block cipher which its process operates the object of area in an image to be encrypted exactly. The operation which is conducted while encrypting the selected area in image is only on one of the layers, it also involves random number Blum-Blum-Shub and Chaotic Function for initializating the key. Based on the data result of experimental tests, it is achieved an optimization for the proposed method as big as 28.61197 times faster instead of applying combination partially encryption and selective bit plane in a usual method and it also takes an additional memory comsumption as big as 0.168545%.Â
Extract of Calotropis gigantea Leaves to Repair the Histological Profile of Fibrosarcoma Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Muchtaromah Bayyinatul , . Muchtaromah , Mutiah Roihatul , Aprinda Kristanti Mutiah , Ahmad Mujahidin
Published: July 2024

Calotropis gigantea (C. gigantea) is widely known as a traditional medicine for diseases such as toothache, colds, asthma. It also used be as a detoxifying agent and an anticancer drug. The leaves contain cardenolide, a bioactive agent which has cytotoxic properties against cancer cells, particularly fibrosarcoma. The active ingredient is able to control the mitochondria (the energy-producing cell organelle) essential for the growth of cancer cells. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of C. gigantea leaves on the histological profile of fibrosarcoma mice (Mus musculus). The mice was induced with 7,12-Dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA) 25 mg/kg bw twice for 6 weeks, then treated by extract of C. gigantea leaves for 2 weeks. This experimental study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of negative control (C-), positive control (C+), dose of 50 mg/kg bw (T1), dose of 100 mg/kg bw (T2), dose of 150 mg/kg bw (T3), methotrexate dose of 2.5 mg/kg bw (T4). The study observed 30 male mice aged 50-60 days. The data consisted of the number of fibroblasts and the level of collagen fiber damage in skin tissue. The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA, followed by DMRT 1 %. The results showed that the extract of C. gigantea leaves repaired the histological profile of fibrosarcoma mice significantly, indicated by the decreasing of fibroblast proliferation and repairing of collagen fibers in mice skin tissue. The extract of C. gigantea leaves at a dose of 150 mg/kg bw (T3) gave a better effect to repair the histological profile of fibrosarcoma mice than the cancer drug methotrexate synthesis dose of 2.5 mg/kg bw (T4) and other treatments.Â
Intelligent Monitoring System for Freshwater Lobster Aquaculture based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Hendrarini Nina , YBF Candra , Wiguna Raffi
Published: July 2024

At this time the need for the nourishment of the people becomes important. Nutrition is supported by providing logistic constraint. A lot of things related to efforts to provide food that have good nutritional value. People's purchasing power is also an important factor that must be considered. Nutrition is also composed of vegetable or animal protein. Acquisition of animal protein, especially of marine animals are inaccessible to the public because the price is expensive. Lobster is just one example of marine animal that has high protein content. Therefore people pursue cultivation of freshwaterÂ  lobster. Lobster watchcare is not easy because this animalÂ  is sensitive to environmental changes. Therefore this cultivation needsÂ  intensive monitoring which is difficult to do manually. As a solution proposed a monitoring system that works automatically. In the making of this monitoring system using prototyping method. By using this monitoring system , the consequences of vulnerability lobster habitat is anticipated. Then in turn will increase productivity levels cultivation of freshwater lobster. The monitoring system uses sensor and microcontroller, the result will sent by wireless communication systemÂ Â
Study of Various Organic Mulch Sheet Compositions Usage towards The Growth and Yield of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea Var Botrytis, L.)
Authors: Aniek Aniek , Hasanah Aniek , . Hartawati
Published: July 2024

The production decrease and the imported commodity increase were due to the low quantity and quality of cauliflower, it was also caused by pre-harvest factors including cultivation technique that mostly used non-biodegradable plastic mulch. Functionally, the seasonal organic mulch was less effective and thus it needed engineering technology in the form of organic mulch sheet. The selection of organic materials (water hyacinth, banana pseudostem and tannery waste) which were used as mulches have met the eco-friendly concept. This research was aimed to study the effect of various organic mulch sheet compositions usage towards the growth and yield of cauliflower. The result showed that the use of organic mulch sheet was significant compared to the treatment without using mulch with the yield increase by 72.18%. However, the results were not significantly different in various compositions and black silver plastic mulch (BSPM) treatments with the growth and yield as the observable variables. The temperature ofÂ  organic sheet mulch was between 25.10C â€“ 29.10C; the soil temperature was between 25.9oC â€“ 34.6oC; the soil humidity was between 66.1 - 78.2. The intensity of the light received was between 47,844.3 â€“ 52,735 lux, meanwhile the light reflected was between 7,196.79 â€“ 8,451.18 lux.Â
Motubang: A Mobile Application to Monitoring Children Growth and Development Status
Authors: Wijaya Rahmadi , Mandasari Rizza , Fikry Mandasari , Jauhar Fikry , Gandia Aldhie
Published: July 2024

Childrenâ€™s growth and development is crucial point that must be monitored by each parent to prepare a healthy and resilient generation, especially during the golden period (0 â€“ 3 years). Unfortunately, many parents cannot monitor the child, either because of busy or lack of awareness. Based on Indonesia Ministry of Health, 1.1 Million of Indonesian child under five years, experienced growth and development disorder, and many of it caused by late of identification. In this paper, we propose Motubang - a mobile application for monitoring childrenâ€™s growth and development. With this mobile application, problems and developmental disorders can be detected at an early stage so that appropriate interventions can be done. This research involve parent who have children aged 0 â€“ 6 years, and medical team in Puskesmas Cibiru Hilir. Motubang is the tools project for Cross-Sectional Study to find correlation of nutritional status and the development of children in age 0 â€“ 6 years in Puskesmas Cibiru Hilir.Â Â
Utilizing Word Vector Representation for Classifying Argument Components in Persuasive Essays
Authors: Suhartono Derwin , Akbar Iskandar Afif , Ivan Fanany M. , Manurung Ruli
Published: July 2024

Aside from the proper usage of grammar, diction and punctuation, a good essay must have cohesion and coherence. In persuasive essay, argumentative discourse is important as the parameter to see the cohesion and coherence among the arguments. An argument is characterized by one's stance (claim) which is strengthened with facts (premises) to complete the validity of the stance. Ideally, claims must be followed by premises either they support or attack the claims. In this paper, we try to identify 4 kinds of argument components (major claim, claim, premise, and non-argumentative) using some predefined features and measure the performance of word vector representation utilization in identifying argument components. We also present the results of our initial experiment by using deep learning to classify the argument components.Â Â
Development of antipodal Vivaldi antenna for microwave brain stroke imaging system
Authors: Salleh Azahari , Chiou Yang Ching , Singh Jit Singh Mandeep , Tariqul Islam Mohammad
Published: July 2024

In recent years, Microwave Imaging (MWI) has offered an effective solution in medical applications, especially in detecting abnormal body tissues in the human brain. Among the popular detection methods currently being used in hospitals are Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) scans. But the constraints faced by this method include the high cost of equipment and its large size and static nature. In this article, the antipodal Vivaldi antenna for the microwave brain stroke imaging system is designed and presented. Nine antipodal Vivaldi antennas were proposed and designed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software operating from 2.06 GHz to 2.61 GHz. A Radio Frequency (RF) switch was used to enable the antenna sequentially received the backscattered signal from the head phantom. Then, MATLAB software was used to interface between the Python algorithm and the Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for the purpose of data collection. The Python algorithm was able to control the rotation of the platform, which rotated in 50 positions. The fabricated antennas are based on a Rogers RO4350B substrate and show good agreement between the measured result and simulated result. The designed antennas were able to achieve 86.92% average efficiency, 2.45 dBi gain and stable radiation directivity. Finally, from the variation of the color in color plot, a target structure was successfully detected.Â Â
RDFSpark: a new solution for querying massive RDF data using spark
Authors: Banane Mouad , Belangour Abdessamad
Published: July 2024

The invasion of semantic data, the rapid growth of RDF data has brought significant new challenges in the querying of RDF data. On the other hand, Apache Spark is an open source distributed computing framework, characterized by its speed as MapReduce, Big Data processing has never been easier. In last years MapReduce solves problems at scales unimaginable a few years ago. But like any other tool, it remains limited. Several research works propose the querying of large volumes of RDF data using MapReduce as H2RDF, We find Spark which is more powerful and robust than MapReduce, and it is 100 times faster than MapReduce. In this paper, we present RDFSpark: a new distributed RDF query management based on Spark to ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and performance to solve low-efficiency problems for RDF data query. n this approach, a SPARQL query is analyzed first by the Parser, and compiled before being passed through a series of optimization techniques, then it will be translated to a Spark program. The results of experiments conducted on huge volumes of RDF data show that RDFSpark has a high querying performance.Â
Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviour and parameters of FDM printed carbon fibre reinforced PET-G and PET-G
Authors: Dakhil Jasym Kareem
Published: July 2024

In present study tests like Tensile, Compression and Flexural on the 3D Printed standard specimens of PETG and CARBON FIBER REINFORCED is carried on PETG by changing the printing parameters to find their mechanical properties by using FDM. The experimental results indicated that the tensile strength of carbon fiber reinforced pet-G is 1.28% higher than pure PET-G sample. Its optimum value is observed from Taguchi L9 to be 30.804 from SN curve and same as 34.629 in MEAN curve. The variation in the two values is noticed to be 12.12 % for SN curve and 0 % in case of MEANS Carbon fiber PET-G specimen with 300Âµ layer thickness, 80% infill density, 60 mm/sec print speed had the largest mean value of tensile strength. The ultimate tensile strength of fabricated specimen with 300Âµ layer thickness, 80% infill density, and 60 mm/sec print speed could increase 1.28% when compared with pure PET-G specimen.Â Â
Step up transformer
Authors: Nikolayevich Sukhanov Vladimir
Published: July 2024

The operation of new electrical step–up transformer is based on the principle of induction of electromotive force in an electrical conductor surrounded by a magnetic circuit. The new design of the transformer with a semiconductor secondary winding is presented. Such a transformer, for all its traditional simplicity, has an arbitrarily large transformation ratio.
Structural suitability of bamboo for screenhouse construction in the humid tropics
Authors: Oluyimika Omobowale Mobolaji , Akinsoji Adisa , Alabi Israel , Oluwasanmi Sijuade Timothy , Mijinyawa Yahaya
Published: July 2024

The growing need of structures for controlled environment agriculture in the face of climate change cannot be overstated. While year-round crop production is possible in greenhouse farm-ing, procurement costs for conventional greenhouses is high. The use of readily-available local materials such as bamboo in the construction of greenhouses can help reduce construction costs. The objective of this study was therefore, to develop a bamboo-framed greenhouse (BfG) and to evaluate its structural suitability and micro-climate in comparison with an existing greenhouse (ExG) framed with mild steel. Climatic factors (temperature, humidity, and light) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) were measured in BfG, ExG, and ambient. Using tomato as test crop, evaluation of crop performance was based on stem girth, number of leaves and yield, monitored in comparison with open field cultivation in a nearby plot. Temperature ranges in the BfG, ExG and ambient were 27.03 – 33.32 oC, 29.81 – 38.89 oC, and 25.27 – 28.33 oC, respectively, while relative-humidity ranged between 65.78–83.25%, 56.47–78.86% and 78.13–91.83%, respective-ly. The bamboo framed screenhouse performed satisfactorily and withstood several storm events for close to three years. Farmers in the humid tropics are advised that service life of bamboo-framed screenhouses is about two and half years.
Breathe Safely with Low-Cost Portable Ventilator
Authors: Abhilash Krishnan A  , Analram V S  , Abhinav P  , Archana S  , S. Swapna Kumar
Published: July 2024

The global healthcare landscape has been profoundly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the urgent need for a robust and adaptable healthcare infrastructure to navigate public health crises effectively. In response to this imperative, a project was initiated to develop a low-cost portable ventilator system that embodies key attributes of affordability, rapid deployability, and scalability. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the design principles, challenges, and ethical considerations associated with the development of low-cost ventilators, emphasizing the critical importance of clear documentation, rigorous testing, and regulatory compliance in the realm of open-source ventilator design. Through a meticulous process of research and testing, the ventilator system has been meticulously evaluated and validated for clinical applications across diverse healthcare settings. The findings of this project not only validate the feasibility and efficacy of the ventilator system but also underscore its potential to address critical gaps in emergency respiratory support. This innovative solution represents a significant technological milestone in reshaping the landscape of emergency respiratory care, offering a scalable and affordable alternative to traditional ventilator systems. The development of this low-cost portable ventilator system stands as a testament to the power of innovation and collaboration in addressing pressing healthcare challenges. By enhancing global health preparedness and resilience through the creation of accessible and efficient medical technologies, this project paves the way for a more secure and adaptable healthcare infrastructure capable of meeting the demands of future public health crises.
Morphometric analysis using geospatial techniques forpriotrization of the eastern Jeddah sub-watersheds to reduce the risk of flooding and soil erosion
Authors: E. M. Al-Juaidi Ahmed
Published: July 2024

The goal of this work is to prioritize Jeddah sub-watersheds using morphometric parameters, the Weighted Sum Approach (WSA), and GIS. Finding the sub-watershed that is most vulnerable to flooding and soil erosion is the goal of priotrizating these watersheds. Major catastrophic floods that struck Jeddah’s watersheds in 2009 claimed 113 lives, destroyed 10,000 homes, and severely damaged 17,000 au-tomobiles. At first, the subwatersheds and streams were generated using the GIS technique, and the morphometric parameters for the sub-watersheds were computed. For nine chosen morphometric parameters, the Pearson's cross-correlation matrix was run with a 5% signifi-cance threshold. Based on the value of the compound factor obtained from WSA, each sub-watershed was assigned a rank level and priority category (Very high, high, medium, low, very low). The results show that SWD-2 and SWD-4 are highly vulnerable to flooding in about 57% of all sub-watershed areas. These two sub-watersheds require emergency flood prevention measures. Sub-watersheds 2 and 4 (SWD-2 and SWD-4) were the main contributors to the devastating floods of 2009 that claimed many lives and destroyed many homes. This shows that although while WSA is straightforward, it nevertheless has a wide range of possible applications in all sub-watersheds that are susceptible to flash floods and soil erosion.
Personnel selection for the aviation security service based on the threshold aggregation method
Authors: Pavlovich Hachikyan Pavel
Published: July 2024

Aviation emergencies cause great property damage and claim many lives. The task of the aviation security service is strictly to follow the instructions for ensuring safety and prevent abnormal and emergency situations. The article is devoted to the problem of selecting the appli-cable personnel for the aviation security service. Analyzed the influence of the human factor on aviation safety. Discussed the existing methods of personnel selection in the aviation security service. Developed a method of selecting personnel for the aviation security service based on the threshold aggregation method.
Play and the Performance of Children’s Folklore
Authors: Stoeltje Beverly J.
Published: July 2024

Focusing on a wide range of folklore genres (handclaps, songs, jokes, counting out rhymes, circle games) and taboo topics, this study situates the data within a theoretical literature on play, performance, ritual, learning, and symbolic anthropology. Children between the ages of 4 and 10 (female and male) performed the various genres in the early 1970’s in Austin, Texas. The research was conducted in conjunction with the Southwest Educational Development Laboratory in Austin, Texas, and the Texas Children’s Folklore Project directed by Richard Bauman at the University of Texas, Austin.
Ethnography of Children's Folklore
Authors: Bauman Richard
Published: July 2024

First presented in 1978 at the Colloquium on Ethnography and Education, which was hosted by Research for Better Schools, Inc. and the University of Pennsylvania, Bauman’s “Ethnography of Children’s Folklore” was also printed in Children In and Out of School: Ethnography and Education in 1982. Thank you to the Center for Applied Linguistics for permission to reprint in this Special Issue of Children’s Folklore Review.
Via an examination of children’s folklore—including riddles, jokes, catches, and solicitational routines—Bauman’s article makes strong claims for the importance of ethnographic study of children’s folklore as a source of insight into the rich artistic, expressive competencies too frequently ignored by educators.
Tagging rs10811661 Variant at CDKN2A/2B Locus Is Not Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Czech Population
Authors: Hubáček Jaroslav A. , Neškudla T. , Klementová M. , Adámková V. , Pelikánová T.
Published: July 2024

Genome-wide association studies have resulted in the identification of theCDKN2A/2Blocus as an important genetic determinant of type 2 diabetes mellitus development. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of this locus in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Czech Slavonic population. Groups of 1,149 type 2 diabetic patients and a group of 2,312 healthy controls, both of Czech origin, were successfully genotyped for the rs10811661CDKN2A/2Btagging polymorphism. The “risky” TT genotype frequencies were almost identical in both examined groups (69.3 % in patients and 68.9 % in controls, P = 0.52; OR [95% CI] = 1.02 [0.87 – 1.19] for TT versus C allele carriers). Similar negative results were obtained when males (P = 0.93) and females (P = 0.23) were analysed separately. We have not confirmed the association between rs10811661 SNP and susceptibility to the type 2 diabetes mellitus in Czech Slavonic population.
How Ideological Diversity Moderates Republican Support for Voter Suppression Measures: The Cases of Georgia and Alabama
Authors: Rhodes Jesse H. , Eichen Adam
Published: July 2024

Why do Republicans sometimes decline to enact voter suppression measures, even when contextual conditions (unified control of state government, electoral threats from Democrats, and racial threats from African American and Latinx voters) suggest that they should? We argue that ideological diversity within state Republican parties plays an important role in moderating Republican efforts to adopt policies that substantially increase the cost of voting. When a state Republican Party is more ideologically diverse, members may differ significantly on the preferred severity of voting restrictions and the priority of ballot restrictions relative to other issues. Thus, more heterogeneous Republican Parties may be less willing and able to institute voter suppression measures. In contrast, more ideologically unified Republican Parties face fewer barriers to collective action in advancing ballot restrictions, facilitating their adoption of voter suppression measures. We illustrate our arguments with case studies from Georgia and Alabama.
SIW MIMO antenna with high gain and isolation for fifth generation wireless communication systems
Authors: Pant Mohit , Malviya Leeladhar
Published: July 2024

The possibilities for further development of mmWave fifth-generation wireless systems and their deployment in our lives are immense and will make human life simpler and faster. Fifth-generation wireless communication is opening up new possibilities for development in the near future. High data rates, low latency, and enormous bandwidth are the most essential factors. These factors are at the heart of making quality healthcare, smart education systems, and the fast and efficient distribution of energy. In account of the aforementioned benefits, 5G wireless systems are primarily made possible by high gain MIMO antenna with minimal coupling. The integration of traditional wave-guide components with planar circuits, on the other hand, is a difficult issue. SIW solves this problem by providing planar alternatives for waveguide-based devices like filters, antennas, and couplers. The SIW antenna has less interference, low radiation loss, excellent isolation, and outstanding shielding properties as compared with the conventional microstrip antenna. The proposed SISO SIW antenna has gain of 9.05 dBi with 87.54 % radiation efficiency. The −10 dB impedance bandwidth is 27.79–28.19 GHz. The SIW MIMO antenna has gain of 9.05 dBi with 81 % radiation efficiency. The antenna has an isolation 52 dB, and an ECC is 0.65 × 10−7 at 28 GHz. The proposed SIW MIMO antenna’s MEG lies below −3 to −5 dB for Gaussian and isotropic medium. The CCL for the proposed MIMO antenna is 0.29–0.36 bits/s/Hz in the operating band. This article presents a high-gain and high-isolation substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) MIMO antenna using orthogonal diversity for increasing isolation between the radiating elements. The designed MIMO antenna is operating in the 28 GHz band (27.42–28.79 GHz), which comes under the n261 (FR2 5G-New Radio frequency band) band used for 5G wireless communication.
SHP-1 mediates cigarette smoke extract-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transformation and inflammation in 16HBE cells
Authors: He Quan , Xu Shuanglan , Ma Xiaomei , Qian Yuanxia , Lu Xuzhi , Feng Weiqi , Chen Zi
Published: July 2024

Src-homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) is considered an anti-inflammatory factor, but its role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains unknown. Herein, overexpression of SHP-1 was utilized to explore the functions of SHP-1 in COPD models established by stimulating 16HBE cells with cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) in vitro. SHP-1 was downregulated in both COPD patients and CES-treated 16HBE cells. SHP-1 overexpression reinforced cell viability and significantly prevented CSE-induced cell apoptosis in 16HBE cells. Furthermore, SHP-1 overexpression greatly reversed the CSE-induced migration, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and pro-inflammatory factor production in 16HBE cells. In addition, CSE activated the P65 and PI3K/AKT pathways in 16HBE cells, which was also reversed by SHP-1 overexpression. Our findings indicated that SHP-1 alleviated CSE-induced EMT and inflammation in 16HBE cells, suggesting that SHP-1 regulated the development of COPD, and these functions may be linked to the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Predatory Journals als neue Anbieter im Markt für wissenschaftliche Publikationen: Eine (ordnungs-)ökonomische Sicht
Authors: Daumann Frank , Follert Florian
Published: July 2024

Der Markt für wissenschaftliche Publikationen befindet sich nicht zuletzt durch die fortschreitende Digitalisierung und die Außensteuerung der Wissenschaft seit einigen Jahren in einem Wandel. Es treten neue Anbieter wissenschaftlicher Zeitschriften in den Markt ein und etablierte Marktteilnehmer stellen ihre Geschäftsmodelle um. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird das Phänomen sogenannter Predatory Journals anhand ökonomischer Gesichtspunkte diskutiert. Zudem wird aus ordnungsökonomischer Perspektive der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern von diesen Marktteilnehmern möglicherweise Gefahren für die wissenschaftliche Gemeinschaft ausgehen, denen durch Marktinterventionen begegnet werden sollte. Die pauschal angenommene Schutzbedürftigkeit der Wissenschaftler, die in derartigen Zeitschriften publizieren, kann eine staatliche Intervention nicht rechtfertigen. Mit Blick auf die möglicherweise beeinträchtigte Informationsversorgung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft besteht freilich die Gefahr der Verbreitung ungesicherter Erkenntnisse, was indes kein wissenschaftsspezifisches Problem ist. Der Fokus einer Strategie im Umgang mit Predatory Journals sollte daher vielmehr auf einer entsprechenden Sensibilisierung der relevanten Akteure für mögliche Probleme liegen.
Allurement of Augmented Reality on Behavioral Intention: Delineating the Role of Visual Appeal and Arousal Using Information System Success Model
Authors: Kumar Satinder , Malhotra Dipti
Published: July 2024

Augmented Reality serves as a marketing strategy for businesses but investigation of the quality factors of AR in the beauty industry of developing countries, is still in its early stages. The motive is to investigates the impact of the quality characteristics of Augmented Reality on customers’ behavior intentions, considering parallel and serial mediation of Visual appeal and Arousal, using Information System success model. Data has been obtained from 594 respondents and analyzed using SPSS22.0 and AMOS.V.24. Structural equation modelling analysis was used to uncover the hypothesised relationships in the research model. System quality and Vividness strongly influence behavior intention. Visual appeal and Arousal both parallelly and serially mediated AR quality elements’ effect on Behavior intention. The results demonstrated full mediation between content quality and behavior intention and partial mediation between quality characteristics (system quality and vividness) and behavior intention. Study can be implemented in the fashion industry of developing countries, that have their websites and use AR technology to have a positive behavior intention of consumers towards their products. Through AR, consumers will have an enhanced and captivating experience as a consumer will feel how after applying these products she will look. Study can assist beauty brands in the fashion industry in promoting their products and engaging consumers towards their brand products. Study adds to the pertinent body of knowledge as the use of AR technology has been undergoing a significant shift specifically in fashion industry in emerging nations like India. Study evaluates the parallel and serial mediating effect of visual appeal and arousal on AR quality factors and behavior intention using IS success model. This study closes the gap between improving AR qualities and providing industry implications aimed at enhancing AR features to boost positive consumer behaviors.
Fragetypen zur Lösungsentwicklung im Business Coaching – Eine gesprächsanalytisch motivierte Untersuchung ihrer sprachlichen, frage- und interaktionstypspezifischen Charakteristika
Authors: Fleischhacker Melanie , Graf Eva-Maria , Kabatnik Susanne
Published: July 2024

According to coaching literature, coaches’ questions serve as a central intervention to support clients’ learning and development, i. e., solution-generation and change. To date, there is very little empirical research regarding coaching-specific questions and how they function as agents of change in this professional helping format. The few available psychological coaching outcome studies address ‘solution-focused questions’ due to its (theoretical) endemic orientation towards identifying solutions. Linguistic research, drawing on (methods of) Conversation Analysis, has only recently started to address coaching as a field of scientific inquiry. This paper builds on the scant available research and focusses on questions that support solution generation as the ‘target actions’ of question sequences. These question types are sequence-initiating actions that are intended to generate ideal solution projections and to help identify client’s resources or hindrances; they also focus on solution strategies and measures to find solutions as well as the interim results within the client’s change process. The goal of this contribution is to document and analyze the formal, functional, thematic, and semantic features of questions that generate solutions in business coaching and – on this basis of this analysis – to describe their interaction- and question-type specificities, something which has hitherto not been done. The data analysed here are 12 audio-/video-recorded and transcribed sessions from three authentic coaching processes that form part of a larger corpus of systemic solution-oriented business coaching in German.