bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation analysis between Tervaert glomerular classification and clinical indicators in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Zhao Jing , Wu Yonggui
Published: October 2022

Purpose

To investigate the correlation analysis of Tervaert glomerular classification and clinical indicators in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods

We collected the renal sections of patients with DN and used immunoglobulin G (IgG), albumin (Alb), PAS, and MASSON staining to observe the extent of glomerular lesions. We simultaneously collected their clinical data for statistics and conducted correlation analysis with Tervaert glomerular classification. Moreover, we collected patients’ urine protein components data and conducted a correlation analysis with Tervaert classification.

Results

Tervaert classification reflects glomerular changes and was positively related to proteinuria, creatinine (Cr), and blood urea nitrogen but was negatively related to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Tervaert classification was also positively related to total protein (TP), transferrin (TRF), retinol binding protein (RBP), N-acetyl-β-D aminoglucosidase (NAG), Alb, cystatin C (Cyc), IgG, β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), Alb/Cr, and TP/Cr in urine.

Conclusion

Our study reveals that clinical indicators could well reflect glomerular lesions and has great value for the diagnosis and treatment of early DN.
The effects of global risk indicators on the MSCI emerging markets index
Authors: Öner Selma
Published: October 2022

The rising uncertainty in financial markets in the last 40 years has led to the creation of new financial indices that will enable these uncertainties to be defined and measured. For this purpose, the first volatility index created was the VIX Index as an indicator of uncertainty in the stock markets, which was followed by the OVX Index as an indicator of uncertainty in the oil markets and the GVZ Index as an indicator of uncertainty in the gold markets. These volatility indicesare also called “global risk indicators”. The MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International) Emerging Markets Index, which is the dependent variable of the study, is an index that is frequently followed by fund and portfolio managers in international markets and used as a benchmark. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between the MSCI EM Index and the global risk indicators for the period 28.03.2011-25.03.2022 was examined by the Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test. Afterwards, impulse-response and variance decomposition tests were applied to the variables. As a result of the study, causality relationships from global risk indicators to the MSCI EM Index were determined.
Economic and financial consequences of war in Ukraine: analysis of development scenarios
Authors: Bida Marianna , Ruda Iryna
Published: October 2022

The war affects the socio-economic state of Ukraine and is the cause of the deterioration of the economic situation of neighboring countries. Under such conditions, there is a need to carry out assessments of economic losses from the conduct of military operations and forecast the main economic indicators for the nearest period, taking into account the impact of the war. The purpose of the study is to calculate the losses to the economy, the destruction of residential facilities and critical infrastructure facilities in the first 100 days of the war, the assessment of the potential volume of the fall in GDP and the calculation of projected fiscal losses. The calculation of GDP reduction was based on the forecasts of the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank Group and the Government of Ukraine. The expected amount of GDP reduction is calculated using the GAP-analysis method, based on the forecasts made by these institutions in the prewar period, and the calculation of the level of GDP during the war. Based on the results of the conducted research, it was established that the economic losses from the war consist not only of the losses incurred and the reduction of GDP volumes, but also of the lost opportunities for development and unearned profits. In addition to the reduction in GDP, Ukraine’s losses are manifested in the increase in the level of public debt, the depreciation of the national currency, the reduction of gold and currency reserves, and the outflow of foreign direct investments3.
Exploring Lithuanian Real Estate Crowdfunding Investors’ Rationality
Authors: Legenzova Renata , Leckė Gintarė
Published: October 2022

The research aims to assess how rational investors are in making real estate crowdfunding investment decisions and weather similar rationality investors share common individual-level characteristics. The research data was collected through an online survey and investors’ rationality was assessed according to risk & return and behavioral biases criteria. Results revealed that 18% of the respondents were rational and as much as 78.1% of them demonstrated bounded rationality behavior. Further clustering of bounded rationality investors identified three distinct clusters and suggested that bounded rationality proved to be largely based on established behavioral biases rather than on failing to understand and apply risk and return criteria. In terms of individual-level characteristics, rationality of real estate crowdfunding investors significantly related to their financial knowledge, but not to their age, sex, income level, education, occupation, residence and interface with finance sector.
Dignity of Labour as the Bedrock of a Productive Society: Perspectives from the Nigerian Experience
Authors: Ogunola Abiodun Adekunle
Published: October 2022

The work that an individual engages in shapes and fulfils human dignity by providing for one’s need and that of his/her family as it allows an individual to contribute his/her own quota to the progress of a business venture, enterprise, or organization either personal or otherwise, and to appreciate the usefulness of such contributions. The respect for, protection of, and promotion of the dignity of the individual in the workplace should therefore be the ultimate aim that individual and organizations must strive for as this will help in creating Nigerian workplaces that are dignified, and when there are dignified workplaces, the society becomes more and more productive, as they continue to experience success, growth, progress, and development.
Conflict Management by Increasing its Functionality in Case of Lithuanian Organizations
Authors: Staniulienė Sonata , Kurienė Inga
Published: October 2022

The paper analyses how to manage conflict by increasing the level of conflict functionality. A quantitative survey of employees in Lithuanian organizations case revealed the functionality of different conflict types and conflict management strategies as well as the characteristics of the organizational environment that reduce it.
Employees as Brand Ambassadors: A Case Study Exploring the Impact of Employees’ Communication on Consumer Behavior
Authors: Šontaitė-Petkevičienė Miglė , Vaščėgaitė Aušrinė
Published: October 2022

The paper analyses the impact of employees’, as brand ambassadors’, communication on consumer behavior by empirically evaluating and comparing it from the view of customers. The theoretical part of the paper discusses the concept of brand ambassadors, specifics of employees as brand ambassadors and communication features related to it. After discussing theoretical insights on the topic, it is continued with the findings of the study from the selected Lithuanian case addressing main research question – how communication of employees as brand ambassadors affects consumer behavior. Research results proved that communication of employees as brand ambassadors increase customer interest and trust towards the company, however the impact towards purchase intention is not significant.
Decline of Losses in the Share of GDP Created by Russian Healthcare
Authors: Ragozin A. V. , Grishin V. V. , Glazunova S. A. , Shcheglova Yu. V.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Many developed countries have recognized the social sphere, including healthcare, as a full-fledged manufacturing sector of the economy, creating a significant share of value added in the sectoral structure of GDP. As part of the study, a comparison was made of the share of gross value added in the GDP of the United States, EU countries and Russia created by healthcare in 2018, as an example of the analysis of the impact of healthcare in different countries on gross value added, which is a significant indicator for assessing the correctness of the organization of healthcare financing.

Material and methods. Used a comprehensive, statistical, comparative and retrospective analysis of available data.

Research results. The data obtained indicate that the share of Russia's GDP created by healthcare is many times less than that of the United States and EU countries, which limits the growth of the Russian economy, causes poverty for a significant part of medical workers and hinders investment in the healthcare system and its demand for innovation.

Discussion and conclusion. The authors see the root cause of the problems in the mistake of choosing the mandatory health insurance income system, the linkage of which to formal employment in a largescale shadow economy leads to the “free rider problem” (Free-Rider Problem) and a pronounced payment imbalance between providers and consumers of public health care due to its payment at deliberately unprofitable (below actual cost) tariffs. The most optimal solution is considered to be the replacement of salary-linked compulsory medical insurance contributions with a universal targeted tax for automated payment transactions.
KAJIAN MANAJEMEN LALU LINTAS DI KAWASAN PURA BESAKIH DENGAN SOFTWARE VISSIM
Authors: Wiguna Komang Gede Ardi Sukma , Suthanaya Putu Alit , Priyantha W Dewa Made
Published: October 2022

Kawasan Pura Besakih merupakan kawasan pura terbesar di Bali, pada kawasan ini terdapat kegiatan upacara terbesar setiap 10 tahun sekali yaitu upacara Panca Wali Krama, dan pasar rakyat yang dibuka pada saat tersebut. Pada saat kegiatan upacara dan pasar rakyat ini diadakan, terjadi kemacetan pada kawasan Pura Besakih yang disebabkan oleh besarnya arus lalu lintas yang menuju dan meninggalkan kawasan tersebut. Kondisi pada saat puncak kegiatan upacara pada ketiga simpang dan kedelapan ruas tersebut terjadi tundaan dan antrian. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis kinerja simpang dan ruas sebelum dan setelah pengaturan manajemen lalu lintas dengan bantuan Sofwtare Vissim. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kinerja simpang jalan pada Kawasan Pura Besakih pada kondisi eksisting saat puncak jam puncak siang yang tertinggi adalah Simpang Jl. Raya Menanga Selatan-Jl. Raya Besakih Selatan-Jalan Kedungung Besakih memiliki derajat kejenuhan 1,09 dan Kinerja ruas jalan pada Kawasan Pura Besakih pada kondisi eksisting saat jam puncak siang tertinggi terdapat pada Jalan Raya Menanga Timur memiliki derajat kejenuhan 1,18. Hasil validitas software Vissim berdasarkan volume hasil pemodelan dengan volume eksisting pada Kawasan Pura Besakih yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa volume jam puncak hasil dari model software Vissim, dapat diterima. Alternatif pengaturan lalu lintas yang diusulkan adalah pengaturan Alternatif-2, yaitu dengan perubahan sirkulasi arus lalu lintas perubahan geometrik dan pelarangan belok kanan di simpang Pos 1 menyebabkan simpang Jalan Raya Menanga Selatan-Jalan Raya Besakih Selatan-Jalan Kedungung Besakih mengalami penurunan derajat kejenuhan sebesar 35,58%, dan Jalan Raya Menanga Timur mengalami penurunan nilai derajat kejenuhan sebesar 43,98%.
PENGGUNAAN PROGRAM GEO-STUDIO SEEP/W UNTUK MENENTUKAN REMBESAN AIR LINDI PADA TANAH LEMPUNG
Authors: Aribudiman I Nyoman , Kurniawan Nggae Yohanes Erik
Published: October 2022

Tanah merupakan bahan dan tempat konstruksi bangunan sipil berdiri yang terdiri dari beberapa unsur yang berperan penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Masalah yang sering dijumpai terkait tanah adalah pencemaran akibat air lindi yang dihasilkan oleh penumpukan sampah yang terlalu lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rembesan air lindi pada tanah lempung dengan menggunakan program Geo-Studio Seep/W. Sampel limbah cair yang digunakan adalah air lindi dari TPA Suwung. Sampel tanah menggunakan tanah lempung yang diperoleh di Daerah Suwung, Denpasar, Bali. Pemodelan rembesan dengan Geo-Studio  dilakukan pada kondisi tanah lempung yang dialiri oleh air murni (tanpa limbah) dan air  lindi dari TPA Suwung. Pemodelan rembesan di Geo-Studio Seep/W dilakukan pada kondisi Saturated/Unsaturated. Hasil penelitian viskositas limbah cair menunjukkan bahwa air lindi TPA Suwung memiliki viskositas sebesar 0.002061309 N s/m2. Viskositas suatu fluida mempengaruhi nilai konduktivitas hidraulik tanah. Akibat pencampuran dengan air lindi, nilai konduktivitas hidraulik tanah juga mengalami penurunan. Nilai konduktivitas hidraulik tanah menurun dari 0.0001165 cm/s  menjadi 0.0000328 cm/s untuk tanah lempung. Debit rembesan dan kecepatan rembesan terbesar pada tanah lempung melalui pemodelan di Geo-Studio Seep/W adalah akibat pengaliran air murni (tanpa limbah). Besarnya pengaruh perubahan debit rembesan atau kecepatan rembesan tanah lempung TPA Suwung akibat pengaliran air limbah lindi TPA Suwung terhadap debit rembesan atau kecepatan rembesan air murni sebesar 28,320%.
Incidence of sports injuries among female athletes at a university in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alhomaied Wessal , Alshalwi Norah , Algahtani Nouf , Alahmari Razan
Published: October 2022

Background: Physical activity has a great impact on health, but inappropriate exercise may result in physical injuries. In Saudi Arabia, most data on sports injuries are mainly from male athletes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure the incidence rate and risk factors of sports injury among female athletes at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU).
Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 180 PNU female athletes visiting a university sports club. Athletes were given an online questionnaire with questions about socio-demographic information, the type and duration of regularly performed exercise, whether they follow a healthy diet, warmup and stretching before and after exercise, history of sports injury, and history of emotional stress before the injury.
Result: In the studied group, 54.4% of the participants were aged 20 years or younger, and about 69.4% had a normal body mass index. Almost daily exercise was reported by only 42.8%, while 12.2%, 17.2%, and 27.8% of the participants had one, two, and three exercise sessions per week, respectively. The percentages of participants who did some physical preparation before exercise, stretching before exercise, and stretching after exercise were 68.3%, 60.6%, and 78.3%, respectively. Most participants ate healthy food without a dietitian (50.6%), and only 8.9% consulted a dietitian. About 62.2% had a history of sports injury, and the most common injury was bruises (36.1%), followed by unidentified pain (28.3%), and muscle pain (25.6%). A history of emotional stress before the injury was reported by 39.4%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of sports injuries among PNU female athletes is significantly high.
The prevalence of abnormal brain CT scans in pediatrics emergency department: two years single-center retrospective chart review study
Authors: AlMaini Raiyan , Alqarni Hamoud , Aldaffa Abdullah , Alammari Nawaf , Yousif Amal , Alawni Omar , Dalbouh Meshari , Lucas Brittany , AlZahrani Ahmed
Published: October 2022

Background: Traumatic head injury represents a substantial cause of trauma in pediatric emergency rooms (ER). This study aimed to calculate the prevalence of abnormal computed tomography (CT) scan reports (CT) in the pediatric ER at King Abdullah Specialized Children\'s Hospital (KASCH) in Riyadh. In addition, it examined different variables that are more likely associated with a normal CT scan.
Methods: This single-center retrospective chart review study was conducted using nonprobability convenience sampling; data were collected from the electronic health records of ER pediatric patients. Patients aged 0 to 14 years, who had a trauma and a brain CT scan ordered in KASCH ER, from May 2017 to May 2019 were included.
Results: In total, 502 CT scans were done due to a traumatic head-related event. About a third (34.5%, n = 173) had an abnormal CT scan, with the majority of the group (69.4%, n = 120) being male. The highest rate of abnormal CT scans (28.9%) was in the 2-5 years age group. The most common mechanism of injury was falling (55%), followed by motor vehicle accidents (33.5%). Falling, as a mechanism of injury, accounted for more than half of the injuries in both the normal (57.1%) and abnormal (50.9%) CT scans.
Conclusion: Two-thirds of the head CT included in this study resulted in normal CT findings and a considerable number of the abnormal findings were linear non-displaced fractures that can be detected by X-ray.
Firma Yönetim Kurulu Cinsiyet Çeşitliliğinin Temsil Maliyetleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Örneği
Authors: ÖZTÜRKÇÜ AKÇAY Aysel , SEVİMLİ ÖRGÜN Gamze , SAYIN Halil Cem
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, firma yönetim kurulundaki cinsiyet çeşitliliğinin ve kadın üye dağılımının temsil maliyetleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada, Borsa İstanbul’a kayıtlı 202 finansal olmayan firmanın 2012-2020 dönemine ait verileri panel veri analiz yöntemiyle analize tabi tutularak, firmaların yönetim kurulunda kadın üye bulunması ile temsil maliyetleri arasındaki ilişki belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, yönetim kurulunda kadın üyelerin varlığının temsil maliyetlerini anlamlı düzeyde azaltarak asil-vekil çatışmasını hafiflettiğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, kritik kitle teorisi ile tutarlı biçimde, üç veya daha fazla kadın üyeye sahip yönetim kurullarının daha az sayıda kadın üyeye sahip yönetim kurullarına kıyasla temsil maliyetlerinin azaltılmasında daha güçlü bir etkiye sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonuçları, kadın yöneticilerin firmada kurumsal yönetişimin yerleşmesinde, temsil sorununun çözümünde, temsil maliyetlerinin azaltılmasında ve hissedarlar ile diğer paydaşların çıkarlarının korunmasında daha etkili olduklarına işaret etmektedir. Dolayısıyla, firmaların yönetim kurullarında kadın üyelerin varlığını artırmaya yönelik düzenlemeler ve çalışmalar yapılması önerilmektedir.
Muhasebe Denetiminde Kontrol Riskinin Hesaplanması Ve Türkiye Uygulamaları
Authors: IŞIK Aynur
Published: October 2022

Türkiye’de işletmelerin muhasebe denetiminde, dünyada uygulanan standartlara erişmesi ve denetim kalitesinin artırılması Kamu Gözetim ve Denetim Kurulu tarafından yayınlanan Bağımsız Denetim Standartlarının uygulanması ile mümkün olmaktadır. Bağımsız Denetim Standartlarının sağlıklı bir şekilde yürütülmesi ve güvenilir sonuçlar elde edilmesi işletmelerin kontrol riskinin tespiti ile yakından ilgilidir. Bu nedenle denetim işlemlerinde işletmelerin öncelikle kontrol riskinin hesaplanması, denetçinin işini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Kontrol riski hesaplamaları, işletmelerdeki mevcut kontrol sisteminin varlığı ve bu sistemin etkin olarak işletilip işletilmediğinin Uluslararası Denetim Standartlarına uygun olarak araştırılmasını kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmada literatür taraması ile kontrol riski kavramı ve kontrol risk düzeyinin denetim açısından önemi açıklanmış, Uluslararası denetim standartları paralelindeki Türkiye bağımsız Denetim Standartları referans alınarak kontrol riski tespiti için yapılması gereken sorgulamalardan bahsedilmiştir.
أستخراج المطر الفعال في محافظة نينوى
Authors: Khadr Mohammed Musa , Atiyah Khalid Satam
Published: October 2022

يهتم البحث بإستخراج قيم المطر الفعّال في محافظة نينوى والعوامل المؤثرة فيه، والمتمثلة بخصائص عناصر المناخ و التبخر/النتح وعلاقته بتحديد قيم المطر الفعال ، تم إعتماد برنامج (CROP WAT) وإستخدام معادلة بنمان مونتيث الفاو 1998, على محطات منطقة الدراسة (الموصل، ربيعة، تلعفر، سنجار، تل عبطة ، البعاج) لإستخراج قيم المطر الفعّال وإستخراج قيم التبخر/النتح الممكن من كمية الأمطار والتي تشير إلى وجود عجز مائي خصوصاً خلال الخريف والربيع بسبب إرتفاع معدلات درجات الحرارة وزيادة كمية التبخر، بينما يتباين العجز المائي  في أشهر الشتاء بين المحطات المذكورة. وتمت الاستعانة بالسجل المناخي لمحطات منطقة الدراسة للمدة (1988 - 2018) وقد أظهرت نتائج المطر الفعّال لهذه المدة وجود تباين في كمياته خلال الأشهر والفصول بين المحطات المناخية وهذا يعود إلى تباين عناصر المناخ (الإشعاع الشمسي، درجات الحرارة ، الرطوبة، الرياح) من منطقة لأخرى بالإضافة إلى تباين العوامل الطبيعية الأخرى، كما تم إختيار مواسم متفرقة (1989-1990) (1997-1998) (2007-2008) (2017 2018) لحساب المطر الفعّال وتوضيح إختلافه من موسم لآخر وماله من أثر على الزراعة والتدهور البيئي في محافظة نينوى .
الادخار في النهج الاقتصادي العربي الإسلامي
Authors: Flayyh Kareem Ali
Published: October 2022

ورد الادخار في القرآن الكريم وفي نصوص كثيرة منها باللفظ الصريح كما جاء في قوله ﭧﭐﭨﭐﱡﭐ ﱩ ﱪ ﱫ ﱬ ﱭ ﱮ ﱯ ﱰ ﱱ ﱲ ﱳ  ﱴ ﱵ ﱶ ﱷ ﱸ ﱹ ﱺ ﱻ ﱼ  ﱽ ﱾ ﱿﲀ ﲁ ﲂ ﲃ ﲄ  ﲅ ﲆ ﲇﲈ ﲉ ﲊ ﲋ ﲌ ﲍ ﲎ  ﲏﲐ ﲑ ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ ﲗ ﲘ ﲙ ﱠ سورة آل عمران/ الآية 49 وفي مكان آخر جاء ذكر الادخار بالإشارة إلى معنى من معانيه كما في سورة طه/ الآية 131 وما يدخره المسلمون في الدنيا يعود عليه في الآخرة بالخير.
    والأموال لما لها من حظوة كبيرة عندما يدخرها الإنسان ويوزعها وقت الحوائج على الناس
تعد المدخرات النقدية عند الاشخاص ثروة حقيقية يحسب لها الناس الف حساب وما يؤكد هذا هو قيام المؤسسات المالية والمصارف باعتماد اقسام وشعب شرعية لكسب اكبر قدر من الزبائن والهدف الرئيسي الذي يفكر به الناس هو الادخار والاستثمار متمسكين بالوازع الديني لتجنب الربا والحرام .
 ولا يخفى على احد اهمية الادخار في حياة الاشخاص والدول عندما يكون المنقذ والسبيل الى تجاوز الكوارث والمحن وهو في حد ذاته تنظيم راق للدخل والمال ، يستند الادخار الى عوامل سلوكية وذاتية متجذره في النفس الانسانية وهذا بشكل عام يشير الى ترشيد السلوك خاصة اذا كان ضمن سياقات التوظيف الصحيح وفي هذا البحث نظهر عملية تطبيقية سليمة للادخار ضمن الاليات الفردية واليات مؤسسية لكي نكون ضمن اطار المعنى العام الشامل للادخار الذي يفضي الى عدم التصرف بهذه الاموال الا وقت الحاجة الاضطرارية وهو ما يعنينا في هذا البحث  تضمن البحث. المقدمة، الادخار لغة واصطلاحاً، الادخار في القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية، النهي عنه والمباح فيه الادخار ورأي الفقهاء فيه، الادخار والقروض، دوره في التنمية.
الشعور باعتبار الذات وعلاقته بكفاءة المواجهة لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: Jameel Sura Asaad
Published: October 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف الى (الشعور باعتبار الذات وعلاقته بكفاءة المواجهة لدى طلبة الجامعة), واقتصر البحث على عينة مؤلفة من (400) طالب وطالبة  من طلبة جامعة تكريت  لكلا الجنسين (ذكور,  وإناث)،  والتخصص (العلمي,  والإنساني) للعام الدراسي (2020-2021) وقد تم تطبيق المقاييس عليهم الكترونياً بسبب جائحة كورونا, ولتحقيق أهداف البحث الحالي اعدت الباحثة مقياس الشعور باعتبار الذات اذ اعتمدت في اعداد المقياس على تعريف (CR. Rogers,1959) للشعور باعتبار الذات، يتكون المقياس من (22) فقرة موقفية تعبر في مضامينها عن الشعور باعتبار الذات, وأن لكل فقرة ثلاث بدائل (2، 1، 0) . كما تبنت الباحثة مقياس كفاءة المواجهة المبني من قبل (Friborg et al.,2003) وقامت بترجمته الى اللغة العربية ويتألف المقياس من (43) فقرة موزعة على خمسة مجالات هي:( الكفاءة الشخصية، الكفاءة الاجتماعية، التماسك الأسري، الدعم الاجتماعي، الهيكل الشخصي ), وامام كل فقرة خمس اجابات (دائماً،  غالباً،  احياناً، نادراً، ابداً) وايضاً تحققت الباحثة من الخصائص السيكومترية للمقياس: وبعد تحليل البيانات اظهرت النتائج الاتي:
- تتمتع العينة بمستوى جيد من الشعور باعتبار الذات، وان متوسط درجات أفراد العينة على المقياس كان دال إحصائيا.
- تتمتع العينة بمستوى جيد من كفاءة المواجهة، وان متوسط درجات أفراد العينة على مقياس كفاءة المواجهة كان دال إحصائيا .
- وجود علاقة ارتباطيه موجبة دالة بين الشعور باعتبار الذات وكفاءة المواجهة لدى طلبة جامعة تكريت ..
وفي ضوء نتائج البحث توصي الباحثة بمجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات.
اسباب عمالة الاطفال وآثارها الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية في السودان: دراسة حالة مدينة أم درمان، ولاية الخرطوم
Authors: Nuri Al- Jubouri Mohammed Alwan
Published: October 2022

شهدت الكثير من الدول العربية تنامي ظاهرة عمالة الاطفال في  القطاع غير الرسمي في المدن و المراكز الحضرية وبصورة خاصة الدول تعاني من  الحروب و الصرعات  الاهلية و القبلية و النزوح  و الفقر و السودان تعتبر أحد هذه الدول. هدف هذا البحث تقصي اسباب عمالة الاطفال و الآثار الناجمة عنه  كما درست الخصائص الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية  للمبحوثين و أسرهم   في منطقة البحث. اعتمد البحث بصورة اساسية على بيانات ثانوية تم جمعها عن استبيان وزع  على عينة عشوائية طبقية مكونة من 100 من الاطفال العاملين في اسواق مدينة ام درمان, ولاية الخرطوم . استخدم البحث التكرارات  و النسب المئوية كما تبني الارتباط الخطي  لقياس العلاقة الارتباطية بين عمالة  الاطفال و  المستوى الاجتماعي و الاقتصادي و التعليمي لأسر افراد العينة . توصل البحث الى  أن غالبية  الاطفال العاملين يتعرضون للاستغلال المالي و إدمان المخدرات و الخمر و التبغ و الاستغلال الجنسي و ترك الدراسة،  كما اكدت النتائج أن هناك علاقة ارتباطية عكسية ّذات دلالة احصائية بين عمالة الاطفال و المستوى الاقتصادي و الاجتماعي و التعليمي لأسر افراد العينة. اوصى البحث  بأنه على  الحكومات وصانعي السياسات في الدول النامية و السودان على وجه و الخصوص وضع حماية الاطفال من الاستغلال في اعتبارها عند وضع  الخطط و صياغة السياسات فرض عقوبات على ارباب  العمل الذين استغلال الاطفال.
Treinta años de estudios sobre sintaxis histórica de la lengua española en la Edad Media y el Renacimiento: enfoques y propuestas
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Francisco Javier Herrero Ruiz de Loizaga
Published: October 2022

In this paper we review the studies and lines of research in historical syntax of Spanish referring to the medieval and Renaissance period during the last 30 years. We particularly highlight the figure of Rafael Lapesa, the great promoter of historical syntax studies in the last decades of the last century, the work of Concepción Company, director of the first great historical syntax of Spanish and the works collected in the proceedings of the international congresses on the history of the Spanish language, which are a clear testimony to the development of different interests in the field of Spanish history in recent years. We emphasize the importance of the arrival of online corpus, which has meant a methodological renovation in historical studies, and we point out some fruitful lines of research in recent decades, such as research on grammaticalization processes or on discursive traditions in relation to historical syntax. The syntax-pragmatic and syntax-discourse interface also shows promising development paths.
Traductores bilingües latino-árabes andalusíes: textos y contextos
Authors:   Universidad de Córdoba (España), Monferrer-Sala Juan Pedro
Published: October 2022

The interestingt task carried out by the bilingual Andalusi Latin-Arabic translators helped to build a literary heritage of enormous importance for the Christians of al-Andalus. The high level of Arabization exhibited by these texts informs us about how Christian intellectuals participated in the knowledge coming from the East, but also allowed them to transfer part of their Latin legacy to the new language of the Andalusi State, the Arabic language. Although the number of surviving texts is certainly scarce, however the quality of these texts allows us not only to assume that there were more texts, but also to know the cultural level of these translators and to obtain relevant information about various aspects of the Andalusi Arabized Christian communities.
The (De)Colonial Praxis: Confronting Present-Day Dilemmas of Transforming Knowledges and Societies in Kopano Matlwa’s Spilt Milk
Authors: Ncube Ndumiso
Published: October 2022

Contemporary South African campus fiction has always been concerned with questions of power, being, and knowledge production. Kopano Matlwa’s novel Spilt Milk, like most campus fiction, evokes and challenges the South African academy, and looks at ways of making the school and/or university a hospitable place. Unlike Matlwa’s sister novels Coconut and Period Pain, Spilt Milk has received few scholarly reviews. I examine how the novel reveals and can be read as a starting point in exploring the intellectual dimensions of colonialism. I investigate the decolonial concept of the coloniality of knowledge and Matlwa’s seeming quest for decolonial education by foregrounding the educational institution Sekolo sa Ditlhora as the prime setting of the novel. The argument around the coloniality of knowledge I advance here is akin to current debates seeking to decolonise (or Africanise) education in South African schools and universities. Theoretically, this article draws from the decolonial ideas on the coloniality of knowledge whose foundations were laid by the Peruvian sociologist Aníbal Quijano, who suggested that, for global domination, colonisers imposed their own modes of knowing and methods of producing knowledge. The concept of the coloniality of knowledge in Matlwa’s fiction is multifaceted since it speaks to the colonisation of space, education, languages, and the ways of life of the colonised people. Following the 2015 #RhodesMustFall protests at South African universities, I argue that the characterisation of Mohumagadi, and her foregrounding of Africa as an epistemic site from which she interprets the world, is an attempt at moving the centre.
Marx’s Ghost in the Shell: Troubling Techno-Solutionism in Post-Secondary Education and Training Policy Imaginaries
Authors: Black Sara
Published: October 2022

Post-secondary South African education policy is pinning its hopes of increased access to education on technological changes, especially in light of increased demand for education while persisting with fiscal austerity. This article examines one policy text—the Open Learning Policy Framework—that exemplifies this techno-solutionist policy logic in the post-secondary education and training sector. Structured around the triad of “context-text-consequences”, the article conducts a critical discourse analysis of the Open Learning Policy Framework, positing that techno-solutionism performs an under-labouring role for other more commonly critiqued logics such as new managerialism, social justice as equality and/or equity, and human capital theory. It further troubles the Open Learning Policy Framework’s definition of “open learning”, examining it as a truth/power regimen that constructs the object it espouses to describe. Finally the article considers some of the consequences of such a pivot in education, including the invisible transformation of relations in pedagogic labour, and the subjectivity of students engaged in “open learning” as individualistic neoliberal “lifelong (l)earners”. The article attempts to “raise awareness” of such relations and their constraints on imagination, with the aim of provoking alternative imaginings about how technology and education might produce humanising and emancipatory education.
The Making of Post-Apartheid State Policies for Workers, Adult and Community Education and Training: Abandoned Possibilities
Authors: Vally Salim , Motala Enver
Published: October 2022

State policies regarding workers’ education and the education and training of adults and communities have been hugely influenced by the political and ideological perspectives and approaches that have informed such policies from the onset of the post-apartheid period. These approaches have had pervasively negative effects on especially workers’ education. Yet, there is a powerful and instructive legacy of theorisation and practice that suggests other possibilities towards the development of a progressive, even radical, agenda for workers’ education and its associated forms. These possibilities have been abandoned by the prevailing regime of policy and practice, which could have drawn on the work of trade unions, progressive social movements and organisations, including some of their negative practices. We consider these historical possibilities briefly with a view to opening up a discussion about the possibilities they represent for educational theory and practice.
Writing and Drawing with Venus: Spectral Re-turns to a Haunted Art History Curriculum
Authors: Romano Nike
Published: October 2022

This article explores some of the complexities of teaching art and design history to students in a Design Extended Curriculum Programme at a university of technology in the context of post-1994 South African society—a society troubled by the ghosts of colonial and apartheid histories that agitate the present/future. Tracking a series of diffractive pedagogical encounters, the article makes visible how, as a discipline, art history haunts the curriculum by reinforcing Western cultural superiority. The article argues that speaking-with and drawing-with dis/appeared ghosts offer new possibilities for reconfiguring art history curriculum studies that both valorise historicity and in turn open us towards different futures. The case study centres around the construction of the “Venus figure” as an embodiment of humanist Western cultural ideologies and practices that reduce the female body to an object of capture for man. Students intra-act with various representations of the Venus figure across art history through the story of Sarah Baartman, the so-called “Hottentot Venus”, whose haunting presence continues to contour, colour and texture discourses around decolonising the curriculum in South African higher education.
OS ADVENTISTAS E A SALVAÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE DE DOIS TEXTOS CONTROVERSOS DE ELLEN WHITE
Authors: Oliveira Allysson Henrique Silva , Rodrigues Gerson Cardoso
Published: October 2022

O Presente trabalho estuda a salvação nos escritos de Ellen White especialmente em dois textos controversos, na tentativa de entender a visão da autora sobre Soteriologia. Inicialmente apresenta-se a relevância da autora e sua relação com a IASD, em seguida analisa a Conferência da Associação Geral de 1888, e subsequente analisa norteadores hermenêuticos e os dois textos em questão. Como metodologia foi utilizada a revisão bibliográfica. Por fim, Conclui-se diante das diretrizes hermenêuticas utilizadas que os textos abordados corroboram para a confirmação da justificação pela fé nos escritos de Ellen White.
CLEMENTE DE ALEXANDRIA E A EDUCAÇÃO DE ADULTOS NO INÍCIO DO CRISTIANISMO
Authors: Torres Milton L. , Silva Maria Luísa Carvalho Araújo
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar alguns aspectos filosóficos sobre a andragogia (isto é, educação de adultos) na obra O pedagogo, de Clemente de Alexandria, e seu uso da pedagogia de Jesus Cristo, a fim de evangelizar e orientar os cidadãos recém-conversos ao Cristianismo, tanto letrados quanto não.
PREACH THE WORD: THE MEANING OF LOGOS IN 2 TIMOTHY 4:2
Authors: Aguiar Adenilton Tavares
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a solution to the following question: “What is the understanding that Timothy and the original audience have about the meaning of λόγος in the exhortation Preach the Word?”. The literature on this topic has offered several options: 1. Gospel; 2. Scripture; 3. More generic meanings such as sound doctrine, true faith, word of truth, and Paul’s teachings. This paper is divided into three parts. The first one aims to demonstrate that the recent debate points out, in synthesis, to either Gospel or Scripture as the meaning intended by Paul. The second one performs a brief analysis of λόγος throughout the New Testament. Finally, the third one assesses the text and the context of 2 Timothy 4:1-5 in order to verify the meaning of  λόγος  in such a passage. The data analyzed in this paper allow us to conclude that an inseparable unity between the Gospel and Scripture is the best option for the meaning of λόγος in 2 Timothy 4:2. Indeed, Paul uses this term to refer to the Christ-event just as it is described in the Old and New Testament, i.e., life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. However, for Paul, the relationship between Scripture and the Christ-event – or vice versa – forms an inseparable unity, so that affirming that by the word λόγος he also meant Scripture is not a mistake
O CONCEITO DE AMAR (אהב) NO TEXTO DE DEUTERONÔMIO
Authors: Oliveira Willian Wenceslau
Published: October 2022

É altamente significativo que em Deuteronômio, a palavra "amor", referindo-se ao amor de Deus por seu povo ou sua necessidade de amá-Lo assim como aos outros, ocorre mais vezes do que em qualquer outro livro da Bíblia, exceto Salmos, Oséias, João e 1 João. E isto pode soar estranho para muitos, acostumados a enxergar Deuteronômio apenas como um livro legal. No hebraico há um série de palavras que podem ter o significado para amar, com diversas nuances para expressá-lo. Embora Deuteronômio seja uma espécie de código civil e religioso para Israel, ele se diferencia dos códigos atuais que preveem a manutenção da ordem social. O amor de Deus por Israel e o imperativo a Israel para amar a Deus são essenciais para a compreensão do seu conteúdo. O amor em Deuteronômio consiste essencialmente de uma fidelidade cultual a Yaweh, que exclui a prática de adoração a qualquer outra divindade. A fim de estabelecer um conceito possível de אהב em Deuteronômio, a seguir tratar-se-á do significado no livro, seu uso e questões teológicas resultantes.
O NOME DE DEUS NUMA REVISÃO DA HISTÓRIA ISRAELITA: NOTAS EM EZEQUIEL 20:1-44
Authors: Cruz Héber Monteiro
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar a perspectiva revisionista da história de Israel conforme exposta na perícope de Ezequiel 20:1-44 abordando as questões subjacentes do nome de Deus, do juramento por ocasião da eleição de Israel, e da inclinação à idolatria por parte da nação israelita. O texto da perícope em questão é analisado sincronicamente a partir de uma perspectiva canônica do texto em sua forma final e seu estudo esclarece a maneira de Deus lidar com Israel a partir do êxodo até a promessa de restauração pós-exílio.
MACROESTRUTURA CONCEITUAL DOS DISSIDENTES ADVENTISTAS
Authors: Barbosa Antônio Ribamar Diniz
Published: October 2022

Embora existam diversos movimentos antagônicos a Igreja Adventista do Sétimo Dia, com abordagem, pontos doutrinários ou ênfases diferentes, praticamente todos concordam em alguns pontos centrais. O presente artigo analisa criticamente a macroestrutura conceitual dos movimentos dissidentes brasileiros, enfocando 5 pontos. O movimento dissidente adventista brasileiro é relativamente novo e ganhou projeção com a popularização das redes sociais. É bastante heterogêneo em suas propostas e diverge em muitos aspectos. Entretanto, é possível observar alguns pontos em comum, que funcionam como fundamentos sobre onde constroem sua forma de pensar e agir contra a Igreja Remanescente. Conhecer essa macroestrutura tanto pode proteger os adventistas de perderem a confiança na Igreja e se desviarem da sã doutrina (2ª Tm 4:3), como pode alcançar pessoas que já se encontram nesses movimentos.
Intraocular correction of patients with altered corneal architectonics
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Orenburkina O.I. , Nuriev I.F. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute
Published: October 2022

Implantation of toric intraocular lenses (TIOL) currently occupies a leading place in the correction of astigmatism in cataract phacoemulsification. This procedure does not prolong the time of the operation itself, ensures the stability of the results obtained and the high speed of rehabilitation of patients. However, there are a small number of publications in the available literature on the implantation of toric IOLs in cases of altered corneal topography. The aim is to study the results of cataract phacoemulsification with implantation of toric IOLS in astigmatism and altered corneal architectonics. Material and methods. Phacoemulsification with TIOL implantation was performed in 49 patients (50 eyes) with cataract and regular corneal astigmatism. It was established from the anamnesis that radial keratotomy was performed in 20 patients (20 eyes), through keratoplasty – in 10 patients (10 eyes). Keratoconus was observed in 19 people (20 eyes). The average age of the patients was 57.3 ± 9.7 years. All patients were implanted with a toric lens (TIOL) Acrysof IQ Toric (SN6A T3-T9). Preoperative astigmatism varied in the range of 1.5-6.0 D Visual acuity – from light projection to 0.5 with correction. Additionally, patients underwent keratotopographic studies, anterior segment of the eye, endothelial biomicroscopy. The observation period was up to 6 months. Cataract phacoemulsification was performed on the Centurion (Alcon) device. Results. Intra- and postoperative complications were not noted. In all cases, the THIOL occupied a directional position and maintained rotational stability (the maximum rotation angle was 3°) for the entire observation period. The average the postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 0.52 ± 0.11, there were no statistically significant differences in visual acuity between the three nosologies. The spherical component was 0.35± 0.05, the cylindrical component was 0.73 ± 0.12 D. Conclusion. In patients with cataracts and altered corneal topography, phacoemulsification + TIOL is an effective method of correcting ametropia. Keywords: toric intraocular lenses (TIOL), phacoemulsification, astigmatism, cataract.
The accuracy of the trifocal iol calculation using equivalent k-readings in different zones
Authors:   S.Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Saint-Petersburg branch, Petrosyan Y.M. ,   I.I. Mechnikov The North-Western State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Shukhaev S.V. ,   S.Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Saint-Petersburg branch, Pustozerov E.A. ,   Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Boiko E.V. ,   S.Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Saint-Petersburg branch,   I.I. Mechnikov The North-Western State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy
Published: October 2022

Purpose. To identify the equivalent K-readings (EKR) data and keratometry zones for accurate calculation of trifocal IOL according to 7 formulas. Material and methods. The study involved 42 patients (42 eyes). All patients underwent surgical treatment of age-related cataracts or a refractive lensectomy with femtolaser accompaniment and implanted a trifocal IOL. All patients underwent optical biometrics (OA-2000 Tomey, Japan) and keratotomography (Pentacam-HR, Oculus, Germany). Preoperative calculation of IOL was carried out according to the data of the optical biometer OA-2000 (Tomey, Japan). After the period of refraction stabilization, IOL was retrospectively calculated using seven formulas (Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, SRK/T, Barrett 2 Universal, Olsen and Holladay 2), biometric data OA-2000 and keratometric indicators Pentacam HR (EKR 65 %) in 10 corneal zones (from 0.5 to 5.0 mm in 0.5mm increments). For each formula/zone combination, the postoperative predicted refraction, mean absolute errors, and median absolute errors were calculated. Results. The lowest variance, mean absolute error and median absolute error of predicted postoperative refraction were obtained using the Haigis formula in the 3.5 mm zone. Conclusions. The most accurate calculation of trifocal IOL using EKR data is determined using the Haigis formula in the 3.5 mm zone. Keywords: keratometry, «Pentacam HR», keratotomography, equivalent K-readings, keratometry zone, IOL calculation.
Study of incidence of clinically thin cornea in patients with moderate and high myopia who applied for keratorefractive surgery
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Shishkin S.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Dutchin I.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

Purpose. To assess frequency of occurrence patients with insufficient thickness of optical zone of cornea for complete elimination of myopic refraction using FemtoLASIK technology. Material and methods. By random sampling, 100 patients (200 eyes) were selected with varying degrees of myopia who planned refractive surgery using the FemtoLASIK or Smile technology. The selection criterion was presence the prognosis of residual myopia in eyes due to the inability to fulfill the required ablation depth of the optical zone. The share of such patients in the total population of selected patients, their gender, age, magnitude of residual myopic refraction were found out. Results. According to results of the study in 88 patients (176 eyes, 88 %) thickness of optical zone of cornea made it possible to completely eliminate the existing myopic refraction) using the FemtoLASIK or Smile technology. In 12 patients (24 eyes, 12 %) thickness of optical zone of cornea did not made it possible to completely eliminate myopic refraction, without critical thinning of the stromal bed of cornea. The predicted residual myopia in these eyes ranged from –1.0 to –2.5 diopters. Photorefractive keratectomy technology was offered to these patients, which was agreed by 8 patients (16 eyes). Conclusion. The obtained data revealed the high relevance of the development of femtolaser refractive surgery technology, which provides for the complete elimination of myopic refraction in such patients by reducing the thickness of the corneal surface valve and, accordingly, increasing the thickness of the stromal bed. Keywords: refractive surgery, residual myopia, ablation depth, FemtoLASIK, corneal surface valve, residual stromal bed thickness.
Riboflavin in the prevention of fibroplasia in laser refractive corneal surgery
Authors:   National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Kornilovskiy I.M.
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To substantiate the use of riboflavin for the prevention of subepithelial and intrastromal fibroplasia in laser refractive corneal surgery. Material and methods: The work is based on 9-year clinical observations of the results of photorefractive and phototherapeutic corneal surgery with stroma saturation with riboflavin (more than 700 operations). Keratoablation was performed after drip, aerosol or combined saturation of the stroma with 0.1 % or 0.25 % chilled isotonic riboflavin solution. Corneal OCT was performed on RTVue 100 and RTVue XR100 devices. Keratotopographic and densitometric studies were performed on a TMS-5 instrument. These devices were used with two-wavelength optical scanning in the visible green and infrared ranges to assess prophylactic crosslinking by the change in the refractive index of the cornea. Results: During photokeratoablation, corneal stroma layers saturated with riboflavin acted as spectral filters, protecting keratocytes from secondary radiation induced by ablation. This reduced the response of aseptic inflammatory and regenerative reactions, the severity and duration of the corneal syndrome. According to OCT and corneal densitometry data, the formation of a Bowman-like structure on the ablation surface was noted with an increase in optical density in the underlying layers of the stroma. Two-wavelength optical scanning revealed a significant increase in the refractive index. The effect of laser-induced crosslinking and the increase in optical density had a damped character and did not exceed 1/2 of the stroma thickness. These changes in the cornea were a barrier between pro-inflammatory epithelial and stromal cytokines that stimulate the development of subepithelial and intrastromal fibroplasia after photokeratoablation. Conclusion. During photokeratoablation, riboflavin-saturated layers of the corneal stroma protect deeper-lying keratocytes from secondary radiation induced by ablation, and the formation of a Bowman-like structure on the ablation surface with a damping effect of crosslinking in the superficial layers of the stroma prevents the development of fibroplasia. Keywords: Riboflavin, Mitomycin-C, fibroplasia, photoablation, excimer laser corneal surgery, laser-induced crosslinking.