bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of 99mTc-Pertechnetate SPECT-CT in Thyroid Tissue Volumetry:
Phantom Studies and a Clinical Case Series
Authors: Calandri Enrico , Giraudo Maria Teresa , Sirovich Roberta , Ostan Antonella , Pultrone Mirco , Frantellizzi Viviana , Conversano Lucia , Bagnasacco Paolo , Gallina Sonya , Vincentis Giuseppe De
Published: January 2022

Background:

An accurate measurement of the target volume is of primary importance
in theragnostics of hyperthyroidism.

Objective:

Our purpose was to evaluate the accuracy of a threshold-based isocontour extraction procedure
for thyroid tissue volumetry from SPECT-CT.

Methods:

Cylindrical vials with a fixed volume of 99mTcO4 at different activities were inserted into
a neck phantom in two different thickness settings. Images were acquired by orienting the phantom
in different positions, i.e., 40 planar images and 40 SPECT-CT. The fixed values of the isocontouring
threshold for SPECT and SPECT-CT were calculated by means of linear and spline regression
models. Mean, Median, Standard Deviation, Standard Error, Mean Absolute Percentage
Error and Root Mean-Square Error were computed. Any difference between the planar method,
SPECT and SPECT-CT and the effective volume was evaluated by means of ANOVA and posthoc
tests. Moreover, planar and SPECT-CT acquisitions were performed in 8 patients with hyperthyroidism,
considering relevant percentage differences greater than > 20% from the CT gold standard.

Results:

Concerning phantom studies, the planar method shows higher values of each parameter
than the other two methods. SPECT-CT shows lower variability. However, no significant differences
were observed between SPECT and SPECT-CT measurements. In patients, relevant differences
were found in 7 out of 9 lesions with the planar method, in 6 lesions with SPECT, but in only
one with SPECT-CT.

Conclution:

Our study confirms the superiority of SPECT in volume measurement if compared
with the planar method. A more accurate measurement can be obtained from SPECT-CT.
Detection of Enterotoxin Genes in Bacillus species Isolated from Cassava
Processing Environment in Nigeria
Authors: Torimiro Nkem , Daramola Oluwafemi B. , Omole Richard K. , Adesina Ifeyimika Z.
Published: January 2022

Introduction:

The health challenges associated with cassava products as a common staple
food for approximately 70 % of Africans and part of Asia pose a looming danger due to Bacillus
enterotoxins’ presence in the processing environment.

Objective:

This study investigated the presence of enterotoxigenic genes, namely, Bacillus cereus
enterotoxin T (bceT), hemolysin bl (hblC, hblD), and non-haemolytic enterotoxin (nheA, nheB, and
nheC) from Bacillus species isolated from soil of cassava processing environment.

Methods:

Soil samples from 20 cassava processing sites in Ile-Ife and Modakeke, Nigeria, were
collected and cultured on nutrient agar at 37ºC for 24 hours. Colonies phenotypically identified as
Bacillus were identified using Bacillus-specific 16S rRNA-targeted PCR technique. Screened Bacillus
spp were assessed for the presence of enterotoxigenic genes using PCR with previously reported
primers.

Results:

A total of 100 Bacillus isolates were selected from this study, with Bacillus macerans (33
%) showing the highest frequency of occurrence among the identified species, however, 74 isolates
were molecularly confirmed as Bacillus. Amongst the 74 molecularly confirmed Bacillus isolates,
28 (37.84 %), 35 (47.30 %), and 37 (50 %) had nhe, hbl, and bceT genes, respectively. Investigation
showed that 42 (56.76 %) of the Bacillus species encoded at least one of the screened enterotoxin
genes.

Conclusion:

The presence of these 3 sets of enterotoxin genes in Bacillus isolated from cassava
processing sites calls for immediate attention as they could be pivotal in the release of toxins in cassava
products, causing lethal effects via consumption. This study demonstrates the possibility of
foodborne disease outbreaks in Bacillus toxin-laden cassava products processed under unhygienic
conditions.
Колебательно-вращательный спектр высокого разрешения в районе полос 3ν-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-, ν-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-+2ν-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- и 2ν-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-+ν-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- молекулы -=SUP=-72-=/SUP=-GeH-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Кузнецов А.В. , Распопова Н.И. , Громова О.В. , Бехтерева Е.С. , Кошелев М.А. , Вельмужова И.А.
Published: January 2022

The high-resolution spectrum of the 72GeH4 molecule was recorded on a Bruker IFS 125HR Fourier spectrometer with an optical resolution of 0.003 cm-1. The line positions were analyzed for ten interacting vibrational-rotational bands 3ν4 (1F2, F1, 2F2), v2+ 2ν4 (1E, F1, F2, 2E) and 2ν2+v4 (1F2, F1, 2F2) in the range 2350-2750 cm-1. As a result of the analysis, 1726 experimental lines were identified with the maximum value of the quantum number Jmax = 17; then used in the fitting procedure with parameters of the effective Hamiltonian. The resulting set of 35 spectroscopic parameters describes the vibrational-rotational structure of the spectrum with drms = 7.5 · 10-4 cm-1.
Влияние ультрафиолетового света на люминесценцию (700-1000 nm) кристаллов LiF и LiF : ОН, облученных в ядерном реакторе
Authors: Квачадзе В.Г. , Абрамишвили М.Г. , Абрамишвили Г.Г. , Ахвледиани З.Г. , Галусташвили М.В. , Деканозишвили Г.Г. , Тавхелидзе В.М.
Published: January 2022

The emission (700-1000 nm) and absorption (200-800 nm) spectra of LiF and LiF:OH crystals irradiated in a reactor and exposed to ultraviolet light, including those combined with mechanical loading, have been studied. The aim of this work is to study the behavior of laser color centers in these systems. In the 710–825 nm range, diametrically opposite results are observed: high stability of F4-like centers in “pure” LiF and their sharp destruction in LiF:OH crystals. At the same time, in both groups, F3 and F4 centers are destroyed and F2+ and F3- laser centers (825–925 nm) are intensely accumulated. Upon subsequent exposure at room temperature and darkness, spontaneous disintegration of laser centers is observed, accompanied by an increase of concentration of F4-like centers and restoration of the microstructure of irradiated crystals.
Лидарная система комбинационного рассеяния света для зондирования молекул водорода в атмосфере
Authors: Привалов В.Е. , Шеманин В.Г.
Published: January 2022

Computer simulation of the Raman lidar equation for measurement of the hydrogen molecules at the concentration level of 1013 cm-3 and higher in atmosphere at the ranging distances up to 100 m in the synchronous photon counting mode and selection of such a lidar optimal parameters have been fulfilled. It is shown that for hydrogen molecules concentration of N(z)=1013 cm-3 measurement at the distances from 5 to 100 m the measurement time t is in the range from 3.83 s to 26.5 min, for measurement of concentration N(z) = 1015 cm-3 - from 38 ms to 15.9 s and for the concentration measurement of N(z) = 1017 cm-3 - already from 0.4 ms to 160 ms, respectively.
Comparative Study of Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms on Thoracic Surgery Patients based on Ranker Feature Algorithms
Authors: Abdulhadi Hezha M.Tareq , Talabani Hardi Sabah
Published: January 2022

Thoracic surgery refers to the information gathered for the patients who have to suffer from lung cancer. Various machine learning techniques were employed in post-operative life expectancy to predict lung cancer patients. In this study, we have used the most famous and influential supervised machine learning algorithms, which are J48, Naïve Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron, and Random Forest (RF). Then, two ranker feature selections, information gain and gain ratio, were used on the thoracic surgery dataset to examine and explore the effect of used ranker feature selections on the machine learning classifiers. The dataset was collected from the Wroclaw University in UCI repository website. We have done two experiments to show the performances of the supervised classifiers on the dataset with and without employing the ranker feature selection. The obtained results with the ranker feature selections showed that J48, NB, and MLP’s accuracy improved, whereas RF accuracy decreased and support vector machine remained stable.
Credit and Recognition for Contributions to Data-Sharing Platforms Among Cohort Holders and Platform Developers in Europe: Interview Study
Authors: Devriendt Thijs , Borry Pascal , Shabani Mahsa
Published: January 2022

Background

The European Commission is funding projects that aim to establish data-sharing platforms. These platforms are envisioned to enhance and facilitate the international sharing of cohort data. Nevertheless, broad data sharing may be restricted by the lack of adequate recognition for those who share data.

Objective

The aim of this study is to describe in depth the concerns about acquiring credit for data sharing within epidemiological research.

Methods

A total of 17 participants linked to European Union–funded data-sharing platforms were recruited for a semistructured interview. Transcripts were analyzed using inductive content analysis.

Results

Interviewees argued that data sharing within international projects could challenge authorship guidelines in multiple ways. Some respondents considered that the acquisition of credit for articles with extensive author lists could be problematic in some instances, such as for junior researchers. In addition, universities may be critical of researchers who share data more often than leading research. Some considered that the evaluation system undervalues data generators and specialists. Respondents generally looked favorably upon alternatives to the current evaluation system to potentially ameliorate these issues.

Conclusions

The evaluation system might impede data sharing because it mainly focuses on first and last authorship and undervalues the contributor’s work. Further movement of crediting models toward contributorship could potentially address this issue. Appropriate crediting mechanisms that are better aligned with the way science ought to be conducted in the future need to be developed.
Transformaciones en la identidad femenina, cambio generacional y revolución: primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Vasquez Montaño Rosario Margarita
Published: January 2022

Este artículo identifica y analiza los cambios generacionales que experimentaron las mujeres en su relación con el espacio público y privado en el contexto del posicionamiento del feminismo como un movimiento político e ideológico durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX. A través de la trayectoria de la escritora socialista estadounidense Ethel Duffy Turner, identificamos diferentes ámbitos de transformación que podemos enmarcar dentro del movimiento de emancipación femenina.  Mediante el análisis de hemerografía, memorias y a partir de una contextualización histórica e historiográfica, se proponen elementos que permitan identificar el perfil y conformación de las mujeres modernas y sus características.
Comparison of Different Multispectral Images to Map Hydrothermal Alteration Zones in Kokap, Kulon Progo
Authors: Raharja Bayu , Setianto Agung , Titisari Anastasia Dewi
Published: January 2022

Using remote sensing data for hydrothermal alteration mapping beside saving time and reducing  cost leads to increased accuracy. In this study, the result of multispectral remote sensing tehcniques has been compare for manifesting hydrothermal alteration in Kokap, Kulon Progo. Three multispectral images, including ASTER, Landsat 8, and Sentinel-2, were compared in order to find the highest overall accuracy using principle component analysis (PCA) and directed component analysis (DPC). Several subsets band combinations were used as PCA and DPC input to targeting the key mineral of alteration. Multispectral classification with the maximum likelihood algorithm was performed to map the alteration types based on training and testing data and followed by accuracy evaluation. Two alteration zones were succeeded to be mapped: argillic zone and propylitic zone. Results of these image classification techniques were compared with known alteration zones from previous study. DPC combination of band ratio images of 5:2 and 6:7 of Landsat 8 imagery yielded a classification accuracy of 56.4%, which was 5.05% and 10.13% higher than those of the ASTER and Sentinel-2 imagery. The used of DEM together with multispectral images was increase the accuracy of hydrothermal alteration mapping in the study area.
Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Chunhui , Zhu Xiaodan , Huang Xiaona , Gong Tingjie , Wei Zhipeng , You Jianliang
Published: January 2022

Aims:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 and/or CTLA-4 inhibitors in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) by meta-analysis.
Methods:
Electronic databases were searched. Eligible studies included investigations of efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or anti-CTLA-4 agents in patients with CRC. Corresponding indicators were calculated.
Results:
A total of 15 articles were included. The pooled objective response rate, overall survival rate, progression-free survival rate and adverse event rate were 33, 56, 46 and 59%, respectively. The objective response rates for CRC with deficient mismatch repair and CRC with proficient mismatch repair were 43 and 3%, respectively, in patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors.
Conclusion:
The authors' study indicates that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors manifest promising clinical responses in the treatment of CRC with deficient mismatch repair with acceptable treatment-related adverse events.
Respiratory and nonrespiratory COVID-19 complications in patients with obesity: recent developments
Authors: Liu Esther , Lee Hudson , Lui Briana , White Robert S , Samuels Jon D
Published: January 2022

This narrative review summarizes recent reports to provide an updated understanding of the multiorgan effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in obese individuals. A PubMed search of 528 primary articles was performed, with inclusion based on novelty, relevance and redundancy. Obesity confers an increased risk for hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, severe pneumonia, intubation and acute kidney injury in COVID-19 patients. Obesity is also associated with higher levels of inflammatory and thrombotic markers. However, the associations between obesity and mortality or cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients remain unclear. Obesity is a risk factor for several respiratory and nonrespiratory COVID-19 complications. Future work is needed to further explore these relationships and optimize the management of obese COVID-19 patients.
WITHDRAWAL OF U.S. TROOPS FROM AFGHANISTAN: EXIT STRATEGIES
Authors: Gajic Aleksandar , Rajic Nikola
Published: January 2022

After twenty long and frustrating years, America has finally withdrawn completely from Afghanistan. This paper gives an overview of American actions in Afghanistan, starting with the George W. Bush administration and the invasion of American troops, assassination of Osama bin Laden and suppression of Al-Qaeda’s activities, through the Obama administration, during which the ISAF mission ended and throughout which the withdrawal of American troops was announced. After that, an overview of the activities during the mandate of Donald Trump is given, during which definite conditions for the withdrawal of troops were created, by signing the agreement in Doha between the United States of America and the Taliban, which was meant to bring the peace to the Afghanistan. At the end of the paper, an overview of the activities and the situation on the ground during the administration of Joe Biden is given, during which the complete withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan was finally completed, which the Taliban used it to reoccupy the country and declare the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan.
BIDEN’S APPROACH TOWARDS RUSSIA: A “RESET LIGHT”?
Authors: Trapara Vladimir
Published: January 2022

The topic of this paper is foreign policy course towards Russia employed by the incumbent United States president, Joseph Biden, during his first year in office. Motivated by the recent Biden-Putin bilateral summit and Biden’s remark on the U.S. and Russia as “two great powers”, the author presents a research question whether this event could be observed as the beginning of a “reset light” approach in Washington’s Russia policy. Unlike the previous “reset” of U.S.-Russian relations this time the goal would not be rapprochement, but structured confrontation between the two countries (such as the one which prevented escalation during the Cold War), with cooperation in areas where it is possible. Having considered Obama/Trump legacy, put Biden’s rhetoric and actions in current international and domestic context, and analyzed different issues over which Russia and the U.S. are in conflict/can cooperate, the author concludes that Biden’s approach can be considered a “reset light”, but that its success in the longer run is uncertain.
THE US-RUSSIA RAPPROCHEMENT: THE (IM)POSSIBLE DIRECTION FOR A US FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: Nedic Pavle , Mandic Marko
Published: January 2022

The authors of this paper examine the possible change of course in the United States foreign policy and strategic adjustment towards Russia in international relations. Although the United States were the sole superpower in the world after the end of the Cold War, the contemporary international system is marked by growing multipolarity. This change in the international arena is caused by the rise of two revisionist great powers – China and Russia. Although China represents the US’ main geopolitical rival, Russia does not lack the ambition to influence current world affairs. Possible relative gain in Sino-American rivalry for the United States could be achieved through closer cooperation with Russia. Although this hypothetical appeasement could be beneficial for the US, the authors of this paper take the stance that rapprochement between the two countries is currently unlikely. Using neoclassical realism as a theoretical framework, the paper examines the possible US-Russian strategic cooperation, including both external and internal factors that influence state foreign policy and strategic adjustment. The paper also examines the US opening to China during the Cold War under the administration of President Richard Nixon and compares it to the contemporary state of world affairs.
CONTINUITY AND CHANGES IN THE US FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS THE WESTERN BALKANS DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF BIDEN’S PRESIDENCY: THIRD OBAMA’S OR SECOND TRUMP’S TERM?
Authors: Krstic Milan
Published: January 2022

Many analysts expected a radical change in President Joseph Biden’s foreign policy compared to the foreign policy of previous President Donald Trump. A year after his electoral victory, opinions about how much Biden actually changed in the US foreign policy vary from those who see it as a revolutionary change to those who perceive it as a difference only in tone and continuity in the majority of crucial policy aspects. This paper aims to contribute to this debate by addressing the issues of continuity and changes in the new administration foreign policy towards the Western Balkans. Although many expected that Biden’s policy to the region would be much more similar to President Barrack Obama’s or even President Bill Clinton’s approach, this paper claims that the new administration has a lot in common with the course of the previous President Donald Trump. There are also some changes and modifications, but they seem to be less crucial than the elements of continuity that exist between Biden’s and Trump’s administrations’ foreign policy towards this region. The paper also addresses the causes of this continuity and claims that the main reason for that are structural factors on the level of the international system. However, some reasons for the continuity are also on the state (internal) and individual levels of analysis.
O KONCEPTU „VELIKE STRATEGIJE” I NjEGOVOJ KORISNOSTI
Authors: Todorovic Marko , Lazic Nikola
Published: January 2022

Koncept velikih strategija prisutan je u studijama spoljne politike već nekoliko decenija, mada u teorijskoj literaturi ne postoji konsenzus o njegovom sadržaju i dometima. Ovaj rad nudi kritički osvrt na različite interpretacije pomenutog koncepta i poredeći shvatanja relevantnih autora, nastoji ukazati na ključne karakteristike koje bi valjana definicija velikih strategija trebalo da obuhvati. Autori ovog rada potom sugerišu da velike strategije obuhvataju viziju idealnog stanja političke zajednice u kojoj su kreirane, viziju idealnog stanja okruženja te političke zajednice, kao i sve resurse i akcije koje se mogu primeniti da bi se ostvarile zacrtane vizije. Takođe, rad ispituje potrebu za postojanjem ovog koncepta i njegovu utemeljenost, uključujući i diskusiju o kritikama koje tvrde da je koncept velikih strategija suviše fluidan i da je njegova sadržina već pokrivena postojećim pojmovima. Autori zaključuju da koncept velikih strategija obogaćuje studije spoljne politike i da poseduje svoju specifičnu različitost i analitičku vrednost i za to iznose nekoliko osnovnih argumenata. Prvo, velike strategije su korisne prilikom istorijskog izučavanja razvoja pojedinih nacija. Drugo, koncept se pokazao kao upotrebljiv u veoma plodnim studijama nastalim u domenu geopolitičke škole mišljenja. Treće, formalni spoljnopolitički i bezbednosni dokumenti država širom sveta često mogu implicirati postojanje velikih strategija tih država. Četvrto, sama svest o postajanju koncepta trajno je izmenila način razmišljanja donosilaca odluka, koji sada teže voditi spoljnu politiku u skladu sa zamišljenom velikom strategijom svoje zemlje.
U TRAGANjU ZA VRLINOM NACIONALIZMA
Authors: Curcic Petar
Published: January 2022

Prikaz knjige:
Hazoni, Joram. 2021. Vrlina nacionalizma. Beograd: Clio – Institut za evropske studije, 273 str.
KRIZA MODERNE CIVILIZACIJE – PERSPEKTIVE NIČEA I ŠELERA
Authors: Stankovic Pejnovic Vesna , Kalik Mario
Published: January 2022

Fridrih Niče, a kasnije i Maks Šeler, u određenoj meri sledeći Ničeovu perspektivu, promišljaju duboku društvenu i duhovnu krizu zapadne buržoaske civilizacije. Oni nastoje da otkriju uzroke ove krize i ponude rešenja za njeno prevazilaženje. Cilj rada je da se osvetle sličnosti i razlike između odgovora koji dva mislilaca pružaju na ovo pitanje. U radu se metodom komparativne analize predstavljaju i suočavaju Ničeova i Šelerova perspektiva u tumačenju krize moderne civilizacije, i načina njenog prevladavanja.
Oba autora vide temelj krize u gubitku smisla, usponu nihilizma i preokrenutim i pogrešnim vrednostima koje društvo promoviše, a koje za koren imaju osećaj resantimana. Resantiman se tumači kao potisnuta, ali delatna mržnja nižih klasa (robova), u njihovom istorijskom i socijalnom usponu, prema starim, tradicionalnim višim klasama (gospodarima) i njihovim vrednostima, koje u moderno doba bivaju izložene rušenju i padu. Niče smatra da resantiman izvire iz hrišćanske religije i njene etike, i nastoji da ga prevlada kroz „afirmaciju životaˮ, voljom za moći kao voljom za život. Šeler odlučno odbija Ničeovo povezivanje hrišćanstva sa resantimanom. On smatra da dekadencija moderne civilizacije ima još dublji koren u odbacivanju vrednosti viših od života – duhovnih i religioznih vrednosti. U odgovoru na krizu moderne civilizacije on se zalaže za rehabilitaciju i reafirmaciju apsolutnog i večnog poretka vrednosti na čijem vrhu stoje vrednosti duha i svetosti. U radu se zaključuje da se uzroci krize nalaze u vladajućem ropskom moralu prožetom resantimanskim vrednostima kojima nedostaje volja za (životnu) moć (Niče), odnosno viši rangovi vrednosti (života, duha i svetog) (Šeler).
Zajednički Ničeov i Šelerov filozofsko-politički stav je elitizam i prezir prema masama. Oba autora daju primat duhovnim elitama, oštro kritikujući mase zbog „nevrednosti” koje one oblikuju, i promovisanja socioekonomske (socijalistička) i političke jednakosti (liberalna demokratija). Šelerova pozicija se vremenom pomerila od konzervativno-hrišćanskog ka liberalno-sekularnom elitizmu, ali je zadržala ideju društvene hijerarhije, primenjujući je na poopštenu podelu između elite i mase.
La evaluación de políticas y programas públicos en los gobiernos municipales de México
Authors: Vázquez Hernández Manuel
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del presente es determinar el nivel de evaluación de las políticas y programas públicos en los gobiernos municipales de México. Se emplea una metodología analítica-cuantitativa, que consiste en el procesamiento de la información proporcionada por el Censo Nacional de Gobiernos Municipales y Demarcaciones Territoriales de la Ciudad de México 2019 del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Para conocer el nivel de evaluación, se construye un Índice de Evaluación de Políticas y Programas municipales (IEPPM). Los principales resultados muestran al 65.8% de los gobiernos municipales con un IEPPM muy bajo, el 29.7% tiene un IEPPM bajo, el 4.2% refiere un IEPPM regular y únicamente el 0.3% alude un IEPPM aceptable. En tanto que ninguno manifestó contar con un IEPPM muy aceptable, parámetro más alto definido en esta investigación. En promedio, el IEPPM de México es de 21.05, lo cual indica un grado muy bajo, que refleja las deficiencias, carencias y rezagos que aún persisten en los gobiernos municipales de México, en términos de la incorporación de mecanismos, instrumentos, herramientas y sistemas de evaluación a sus políticas y programas.
Desigualdad laboral femenina: Un análisis desde la Política de Gasto Federal en México 2000-2021
Authors: Vega Pérez Estefania
Published: January 2022

México históricamente ha padecido de un amplio sesgo laboral entre hombres y mujeres, lo que repercute negativamente en el ámbito económico y social. Por lo cual el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar las acciones que ha implementado la Administración Pública Federal a través de la política de gasto a partir del año 2000, en torno a la situación laboral femenina, a través del análisis de los programas presupuestarios y su influencia en el sector laboral femenino.
Mapatón (2016): la relación entre el gobierno abierto y la inteligencia artificial en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Flores Hernández Erika
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo versa sobre la relación que tiene el fortalecimiento del gobierno abierto y la implementación de herramientas derivadas de los procesos de digitalización que surgen a partir de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial. El gobierno abierto como enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo exhibe vías de solución multidisciplinarias a problemáticas contemporáneas de la administración pública como el uso de Inteligencia Artificial (IA) para potencializar los resultados de programas de innovación democrática. Desde esta perspectiva, se analiza el Mapatón Ciudad de México (2016) que constituye uno de los más recientes acercamientos a un proyecto conjunto entre estos elementos para resolver problemas de movilidad.
Desempeño en la exploración cardiaca y precisión diagnóstica de estudiantes de medicina posterior al entrenamiento con simuladores vs. pacientes
Authors: Gomez Moralesa Luis , Campos Gandara Jaime , Ramos Arevalo Andrea , Cervantes Blanco Rey Miguel , Cedillo Alvarez Carla
Published: January 2022

Introducción: Para asegurar una buena preparación médica  y reducir el riesgo de errores, se utilizan diferentes métodos y técnicas para el desarrollo de la práctica clínica.  Las habilidades de exploración cardiaca disminuyen con el tiempo, por lo cual se ha implementado la simulación en el proceso de enseñanza y debe evaluarse su impacto en el rendimiento de la auscultación cardiaca. Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo fue comparar el rendimiento y la precisión diagnóstica de los estudiantes de medicina de cuarto año durante el examen cardiaco, antes y después del entrenamiento.Método: La muestra estuvo compuesta por cuarenta y cinco estudiantes de medicina de cuarto año asignados al azar en dos grupos. Un grupo se entrenó con simuladores cardiacos y el otro exclusivamente con pacientes. En las diferentes pruebas, evaluamos su capacidad para realizar un examen cardiaco y la precisión del diagnóstico mediante el uso de una lista de verificación de evaluación estandarizada para un examen cardiaco. Luego realizamos una prueba estadística para comparar el desempeño de ambos grupos.Resultados: Hubo una diferencia entre las puntuaciones iniciales de ambos grupos de 2 decimales (7.1 y 7.3 en una escala de 0 a 10). Después del entrenamiento, encontramos que el grupo entrenado de pacientes tenía una puntuación media de 8.6, mientras que el grupo entrenado con simuladores tenía una puntuación media de 8.8 y una precisión diagnóstica más alta. Conclusiones: La simulación clínica y el entrenamiento del paciente son dos formas diferentes de lograr el mismo objetivo. Hay muchos informes de que la simulación de reclamos es mejor para capacitar a los estudiantes de medicina, pero en este informe no observamos una diferencia estadística entre ellos. Sin embargo, esto no es una desventaja. La simulación clínica ofrece una mejor experiencia de aprendizaje, que se muestra como una tendencia en los puntajes y una mejor precisión diagnóstica. La falta de diferencia significativa entre los grupos de simulador/pacientes puede explicarse por un tamaño de muestra pequeño.
Estrategias de afrontamiento ante el estrés de estudiantes de medicina de una universidad pública en México
Authors: Pozos-Radillo Blanca Elizabeth , Preciado- Serrano María De Lourdes , Plascencia-Campos Ana Rosa , Acosta- Fernández Martín , Aguilera Velasco María De los Ángeles
Published: January 2022

Introducción: El nivel de exigencia durante la formación académica de estudiantes de medicina es muy alto y cuando estos no cuentan con estrategias de afrontamiento adecuadas, es muy probable que su desempeño académico y su salud se vean afectados por causa de la exposición a situaciones de estrés crónico.Objetivo: Identificar las estrategias de afrontamiento relacionadas con el estrés crónico y comparar los datos entre hombres y mujeres estudiantes de medicina de una universidad pública en México.Método: Estudio observacional y transversal, en 2018, con la participación de 873 estudiantes de medicina de una universidad pública. Se empleó el Inventario de Síntomas de Estrés y el Perfil de Estrés de Nowack. Los datos se analizaron con el estadístico de regresión múltiple y se comparó entre hombres y mujeres. Resultados: El modelo de regresión validó estadísticamente que los estilos de afrontamiento: valoración positiva, minimización de la amenaza y la valoración negativa (R2 = 0.51; F = 232.71; p < 0.01) se relacionaron con el estrés crónico en esta muestra. El análisis comparativo mostró nivel más alto de estrés crónico en mujeres.Conclusiones: Las mujeres estudiantes de medicina muestran mayor riesgo para el estrés crónico y estilos de afrontamiento no adaptativos como juicios negativos, minimización de la amenaza y pocas valoraciones positivas en comparación con los hombres, lo que podría  traer como consecuencia daños a su salud y a su desempeño académico.
Enseñanza de habilidades quirúrgicas: teorías educativas relevantes (primera parte)
Authors: Gaxiola-García Miguel Ángel , Kushida-Contreras Beatriz Hatsue , Sánchez Mendiola Melchor
Published: January 2022

Introducción: No se cuenta con una definición precisa de educación quirúrgica globalmente aceptada. Las teorías o marcos teóricos educativos que sustentan la enseñanza de la cirugía se encuentran fragmentados y dispersos, sin formar parte de un modelo integrado que permita su abordaje holístico con rigor académico.

Objetivo: Obtener una aproximación de los conceptos y teorías utilizados en educación quirúrgica, que potencialmente puedan ser incluidos en un modelo integrador.

Método: Se realizó una revisión panorámica (scoping review) de la literatura sobre educación quirúrgica y sus marcos teórico-conceptuales, se determinaron relaciones entre conceptos cuando fue pertinente. El análisis se estructuró de la siguiente forma: retos de la educación quirúrgica, paradigmas educativos, programas estructurados vs. no estructurados, características de un mentor quirúrgico efectivo, teoría cognitiva del aprendizaje en la sala de operaciones, taxonomías para enseñanza y aprendizaje de la cirugía, modelo de novato a experto, y modelos para enseñanza quirúrgica.

Resultados: Los conceptos que fundamentan la educación de la cirugía son múltiples; su aplicación y utilidad han sido demostradas en contextos de aprendizaje tanto médicos como no médicos. La utilización de estos conceptos o modelos durante la enseñanza por parte del mentor, le proporcionan esquemas que facilitan la evaluación y, en su caso, la modificación de las estrategias. La fundamentación teórica de la enseñanza quirúrgica permite migrar de programas basados en tiempo o carga de trabajo arbitrarios, hacia experiencias de aprendizaje planeadas y moduladas.

Conclusiones: Existen recursos teóricos que pueden ser utilizados en el espectro completo de la educación quirúrgica, desde la selección del aprendiz de cirugía hasta el desempeño autónomo del profesionista de la especialidad. El uso de estos conceptos o teorías permite lograr una enseñanza quirúrgica de mayor calidad, limitando la acción del azar en el aprendizaje.
Las preguntas analíticas en investigación cualitativa
Authors: Hamui Sutton Liz , Vives Varela Tania
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo se centra en la fase de análisis de los datos en la investigación cualitativa. Después de ubicar el momento investigativo en que tiene lugar el acto hermenéutico, se presentan distintas estrategias para abordar el análisis de los datos. El escrito se enfoca en la propuesta de las preguntas analíticas. Basado en los textos de Jackson y Mazzei se describe el ensamblaje de los datos y las teorías en tres movimientos: primero, la disrupción de binomios teoría/práctica, sujeto/objeto, adentro/afuera, investigado/investigador, para entender la manera en que se constituyen uno al otro; segundo, la elaboración de las preguntas analíticas basadas en conceptos de autores con el fin de que sean utilizadas para pensar los datos, y tercero, mostrar la flexibilidad de ambos al ser tensionados para develar procesos socioculturales de interés y generar nuevos conocimientos.
Discrete Time Multi-servers Loss Systems and Stochastic Approximation with Delayed Groups of Customers
Authors: Atwa Rasha , El - Wahab Rasha Abd- , Barakat Ola
Published: January 2022

The stochastic approximation procedure with delayed groups of delayed customers is investigated. The Robbins-Monro stochastic approximation procedure is adjusted to be usable in the presence of delayed groups of delayed customers. Two loss systems are introduced to get an accurate description of the proposed procedure. Each customer comes after fixed time-intervals with the stage of the following customer is accurate according to the outcome of the preceding one, where the serving time of a customer is assumed to be discrete random variable. Some applications of the procedure are given where the analysis of their results is obtained. The analysis shows that efficiencies of the procedure can be increased by minimizing the number of customers of a group irrespective of their service times that may take maximum values. Efficiencies depend on the maximum service time of the customer and on the number of customers of the group. The most important result is that efficiencies of the procedure are increased by increasing the service time distributions as well as service times of customers .This new situation can be applied to increase the number of served customers where the number of served groups will also be increased. The results obtained seem to be acceptable. In general, our proposal can be utilized to other stochastic approximation procedures to increase the production in many fields such as medicine, computer sciences, industry, and applied sciences.
Review on Different Software Tools for Deep Learning
Authors: Meshram Anshuja Anand
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Deep Learning Applications are being applied in various domains in recent years. Training a deep learning model is a very time consuming task. But, many open source frameworks are available to simplify this task. In this review paper we have discussed the features of some popular open source software tools available for deep learning along with their advantages and disadvantages. Software tools discussed in this paper are Tensorflow, Keras, Pytorch, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit (CNTK). Keywords: Deep Learning, Frameworks, Open Source, Tensorflow, Pytorch, Keras, CNTK
An Experiment and Study of M30 Grade of Concrete by Partially Replacing Fine Aggregate with Marble Dust Powder and Phosphogypsum in Rigid Pavement
Authors: bhatia Pooja
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The Project is to study about M30 grade of concrete by adding waste materials. Marble dust powder and phosphogypsum which is easily available marble which are standard among the most imperative materials, utilized as a part of the development business. Marble dust is a waste material from the construction site is mixed with concrete as a replacement material. Marble dust powder is acquired from sawing and moulding of marble rock. Phosphogypsum is produced as an outgrowth of the production of fertilizer from phosphate rock. There is a high gypsum content and gypsum is a widely used material in constructions. It is weakly radioactive in nature because it is a by-product of phosphate fertilizers. In the M30 grade of concrete fine aggregate is partially replaced by marble dust powder and phosphosgypsum in some proportions. The fine aggregate is replaced by 10%, 20% and 30% in which marble dust powder and phosphogypsum and are added in an equal proportion. Keywords: Marble dust powder, phosphogypsum, grade of concrete, rigid pavement, green concrete.
The Problem of Defining Local Self-Government as a Key Actor of a Unified System of Public Power and Admininstration (Analysis of the Problem Field)
Authors: Vulfovich R. M.
Published: January 2022

The analysis of the problem field is a serious problem from the methodological and methodical point of view. The solution of this problem becomes particularly difficult in cases when the object under study is characterized by a high level of structural and process diversity, has a dynamic character, i. e. it is constantly evolving, and exists in many variants with the presence of the invariant enshrined in international acts and legislation of most states. The end of the last century was a period of rethinking of many concepts that define the complex processes of political and social interaction of various levels and elements of the system of power and public administration in Russia. The adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993 put forward fundamental problems that needed to be solved to move the country along the path of democratization, build a market economy and form an effective governing system. Article 12 of the first chapter establishes the autonomy of local self-government as an institution, guarantees its protection from excessive state influence. This provision reflects the global trend of consolidating the right to local self-government in democratic states. However, the European Charter of Local Self-Government includes a provision on the independence of local self-government in resolving issues of local significance only within the framework of state legislation, i. e. it establishes its subordinate nature. The latter provision automatically makes local self-government part of the unified system of public power and public administration, which is reflected in the corresponding amendment to Ch. 8 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation “Local self-government” in 2020. This makes t relevant he problem of the local authorities ‘ own powers, the division of functions between them and state authorities to achieve the fundamental goal of the modern state — to ensure an optimal uniform quality of life throughout the territory. The purpose of the article is to characterize the problem field in which the concepts of “public power” and “public administration” are defined and analysed in the context of considering local self-government as a key actor of both systems. The objectives of the research are to determine the boundaries of this problem field, its structure, as well as the difference in approaches to this problem in the works of Russian and foreign authors, including scientists from Central Asian countries.
Management Efficiency Limits or 2021 Results in Public Administration
Authors: Shamahov V. A.
Published: January 2022

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De linhas e marcas de existência: o evento pedagógico como evento artístico
Authors: Fernández Tatiana
Published: January 2022

Este artigo apresenta reflexões provenientes dos Estágios Supervisionados em Artes Visuais na Universidade de Brasília sobre a aula como uma marca na construção de uma vida. Com base nas ideias da pedagogia do evento e imanência da aprendizagem de Denis Atkinson e da metodologia de Investigação Baseada em Arte (IBA), a autora analisa linhas de fuga à rigidez dos modelos educativos transcendentalistas com cinco aberturas nos processos de aprendizagem: à imaginação, subjetivação, corporificação, singularização e diferenciação. Com isto, aponta para a relevância de criar eventos pedagógicos como eventos artísticos que considerem as linhas de aprendizagem dos estudantes.
Apresentação
Authors: Pillar Analice Dutra , Hofstaetter Andrea , Rossi Maria Helena Wagner , Nunes Marília Forgearini , Evalte Tatiana Telch
Published: January 2022

Apresentação
Ensino de arte e formação de professores: a aula como invenção de possibilidades
Authors: Mattar Sumaya
Published: January 2022

O atual contexto da pandemia e as noções de invenção de Ailton Krenak e José Antonio Marina são o ponto de partida para as reflexões sobre a noção de aula de arte como invenção de possibilidades desenvolvidas no texto. Ao mesmo tempo que as relações entre ensino de arte, escola pública e formação de professores são tecidas, o trabalho realizado na fase inicial do Subprojeto Arte do Programa de Residência Pedagógica da Universidade de São Paulo é parcialmente apresentado e analisado.
PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM TERHADAP INFORMASI PENYEBARAN DAKWAH KEPADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KOMUNIKASI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Putri Maulina Larasati , Sutjipto Vera Wijayanti , Sary Marissa Puspita , Firdausah Latifah , Amarawati Yoandra Putri
Published: January 2022

Instagram is one of the social media that is widely used by various groups ranging from teenagers to adults, so that the information uploaded on Instagram can reach a wide audience. The concept in this study is Instagram Social Media as variable X and Information on the Spread of Da'wah as variable Y. The population in this study were students of the 2019 State University of Jakarta Communication Studies program, totaling 82 people. This research uses uses and gratification theory. This study uses quantitative methods and the data that has been obtained is processed and analyzed by testing the validity, reliability and bivariate. The results showed that the t-count value of 6.265 is higher than the t-table value of 2.017, the validity of the X and Y variables which are more than 0.5 and can be said to be valid and the reliability of the X and Y variables which are more than 0.6 and can be said to be reliable so that it can be It was concluded that Instagram social media had an effect on the media for spreading da'wah to students of Communication Studies, State University of Jakarta, batch 2019.
PELAYANAN INFORMASI PUBLIK PADA DINAS KOMUNIKASI DAN INFORMASI KABUPATEN DONGGALA
Authors: Irma Ade
Published: January 2022

Pillars of democracy, transparency and good governance are the objectives of public information services carried out, through Law No. 14 of 2008 on Public Information Disclosure. The form of service organized by the Government is a service in an effort to meet the needs of the public or the community. Communication, Public information is information generated, stored, managed, sent, and / or received by a public body, this research is a qualitative approach, a research paradigm to describe events, locus research located in the Department of Communication and Informatics Donggala Regency, this study uses Informants as many as 4 (four) people, using the theory of Pararusman, et al .Tjiptnono, 1996) there are five dimensions in assessing the quality of services or  services, namely, Tangibles, Realibility, Responsiveness, Assurance, Emphathy. 1) Tangibles; reflected in physical facilities, equipment, personnel and communication materials have not been effective and optimal.2) Realibility, i.e. lack of accuracy or lack of reliable information. Responsiveness: lack of sensitivity to respond to information. 4) Assurance; Knowledge is less effective and efficient. 5) Emphathy. Still lacking, officers in the process of public information services
CONFIRMING THE IDENTITY OF THE CIA-CIA LAPORO COMMUNITY THROUGH LOCAL LANGUAGES ON BUTON ISLAND SOUTHEAST SULAWESI
Authors: Laronga Hasrinando Saputra , Dewi Citra , Hapsa
Published: January 2022

Language is present as a medium to understand each other. However, for the Cia-Cia Laporo community, language is not only a means of communication but also as a medium to gain strength in asserting ethnic identity and as citizens of Laporo descent. This essay aims to describe and to know the position of language as a form of Cia-Cia Laporo's identity. Awareness of the importance of the regional language is then applied in daily life through formal learning methods in schools as well as various traditions and rituals such as sindighao.
The Analisis Faktor Perilaku Konsumsi Remaja Terhadap Makanan Cepat Saji (Studi Aplikasi Social Cognitive Theory)
Authors: Salsabilla Nadhifa , Sulistyowati Muji
Published: January 2022

Konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada remaja dianggap sebagai hal sepele yang biasa dilakukan. Namun, dampak yang akan dirasakan berupa gangguan kesehatan dalam jangka waktu pendek maupun jangka panjang, seperti obesitas. Salah satu sekolah di Surabaya yang memiliki angka kejadian obesitas cukup tinggi yakni SMAN 2 Surabaya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor perilaku yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada remaja menggunakan studi aplikasi Social Cognitive Theory. Penelitian ini merupakan penlitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X dan XI SMAN 2 Surabaya dengan penarikan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling sebanyak 102 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner yang dibagikan secara online. Variabel independen penelitian ini adalah karakteristik individu, self efficacy, pengetahuan, self regulation, dukungan keluarga, dukungan teman sebaya, dan paparan informasi. Sedangkan variabel dependen yaitu tindakan konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada remaja. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara uang saku (p = 0,015), self regulation (p = 0,047), dan dukungan orangtua (p = 0,038) (p<0,05). Namun, pada variabel lainnya tidak terdapat hubungan dengan tindakan mengonsumsi makanan cepat saji. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi kepada pihak sekolah maupun Puskesmas setempat dalam melakukan pencegahan obesitas pada remaja.
Graves’ disease combined with acute myocarditis and thyrotoxic periodic paralysis in a male:a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Teng Jun , Liu Weisheng , Shan Ruicai
Published: January 2022

Graves’ disease is the most common reason for hyperthyroidism which
manifest as multi-system changes.Among these clinical manifestations
acute myocarditis and thyrotoxic periodic paralysis are very rare and
patients who are combined with both two haven’t been reported yet.The
etiology may attribute to autoimmunity.