bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Debunking practices and topics: Fact-checking agencies from the United Kingdom, France and Spain
Authors: Hidalgo-Cobo Pablo , López-Marcos Casandra , Puebla-Martínez Belén
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on debunking social media hoaxes as a critical issue for both fact checkers and democracies, as it is partially linked to the international and geopolitical scope of disinformation. The objective is to compare the debunking practices of seven fact-checking agencies from United Kingdom, France and Spain classified by its international, national or regional scope: Les Observateurs (France), Logically (United Kingdom), Les Vérificateurs (France), Full Fact (United Kingdom), Newtral (Spain), Ferret Fact (United Kingdom) and Verificat (Spain). Explorative, descriptive and inferential statistical quantitative research based on the analysis of content over eight hundred posts between July and August 2023 was conducted. The results partly confirm the objective of debunking as preventing the spread of a story, since the public health approach based on verification (labelling as ‘false’ rather offering in-depth explanation) is the prevailing trend, irrespective of the section. Nevertheless, the public health or public reason approach depends on the agency, as some agencies – including the two French – provide more detailed explanations with clear public reason approach, even in the treatment of international conflicts. Results also show significant homogeneity in terms of the major issues covered (inclusion and migration, environment, health and science, international conflicts, etc.), although the relative weight of each section varies significantly in each agency, including those of the same scope.
From the editorial office
Authors: Kuznetsov N. S.
Published: December 2024

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Signal recovery and polynomiographic visualization of modified Noor iteration of operators with property (E)
Authors: Paimsang Papinwich , Thianwan Tanakit
Published: December 2024

This article aims to provide a modified Noor iterative scheme to approximate the fixed points of generalized nonexpansive mappings with property (

E

E

) called MN-iteration. We establish the strong and weak convergence results in a uniformly convex Banach space. Additionally, numerical experiments of the iterative technique are demonstrated using a signal recovery application in a compressed sensing situation. Ultimately, an illustrative analysis regarding Noor, SP-, and MN-iteration procedures is obtained via polysomnographic techniques. The images obtained are called polynomiographs. Polynomiographs have importance for both the art and science aspects. The obtained graphs describe the pattern of complex polynomials and also the convergence properties of the iterative method. They can also be used to increase the functionality of the existing polynomiography software.
On continuants of continued fractions with rational partial quotients
Authors: Dolgov Dmitry A.
Published: December 2024

Continued fractions with rational partial quotients with right shift arise in the process of applying Sorenson’s right-shift k-ary gcd algorithm to the ratio of natural numbers a, b. Using this algorithm makes it possible to obtain different types of such fractions. This functions are associated with special forms of continuants, that is, polynomials that can be used to express the numerators and denominators of the convergents. In this paper we introduce such fractions and continuants, we also investigate properties (in particular, the asymptotic behavior) of the extremal values of the continuants under constraints imposed on the variables involved in the right-shift k-ary gcd algorithm of Sorenson. We also introduce a construction similar to the triangle of coefficients of Fibonacci polynomials.
Heart Disease Clustering Modeling Using a Combination of the K-Means Clustering Algorithm and the Elbow Method
Authors: Wala Jihan , Herman Herman , Umar Rusydi , Suwanti Suwanti
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Heart disease is the leading cause of death throughout the world, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Modern approaches for diagnosing and managing heart disease rely on machine learning due to the complexity of medical data. Among the biggest challenges in using machine learning is clustering heart disease patients. This study aims to develop a machine-learning model using K-means clustering to determine the severity and level of patient emergencies. The specific objective of the model is to find the optimal number of clusters using the Elbow Method.
Methods/Study design/approach: Model development using a dataset from the Kaggle Repository consisting of 303 patient data. Each data point consists of the attributes age, gender, type of chest pain, blood pressure, serum cholesterol level, blood sugar, electrocardiography results, maximum heart rate, angina, ST depression, and segment slope ST. The combination of the K-means clustering algorithm and the Elbow Method is expected to find the optimal number of clusters in the developed model.
Result/Findings: The results of building a machine learning model show that k-means clustering is quite effective in clustering heart disease patients. For the model built with 303 data points, the elbow method successfully identified the optimal number of clusters, resulting in two clusters (k=2), where the elbow point on the graph shows a significant decrease in the Sum of Squared Errors (SSE).
Novelty/Originality/Value: This study combines the k-means clustering algorithm and the elbow method to determine the severity and level of patient emergencies. The clustering model produces specific risk clusters that help doctors determine more appropriate interventions.
Mechanisms of resistance to RET-directed therapies
Authors: Clifton-Bligh Roderick J
Published: December 2024

The association between RET and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 was established in 1993 and remains one of the very few oncogenes for which distinct phenotypes (medullary thyroid cancer or pheochromocytoma) are associated with the same hot-spot variants occurring in either germline or somatic DNA. Somatic RET fusion events have also been described in several cancers, including papillary thyroid cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, salivary gland cancer and pancreatic cancer. Highly selective RET inhibitors have improved outcomes in RET-altered cancers and have been well-tolerated. Nevertheless, primary and acquired drug resistance has been observed, arising from distinct genomic alterations either in RET (on-target resistance) or via alternate oncogenic pathways (bypass resistance). The same mechanisms of resistance have been observed across multiple cancer types, which implies RET-altered cancers evolve away from RET addiction via stochastic subclonal events. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for identifying therapeutic opportunities to overcome resistance. Successful treatment targeting bypass oncogenes has been reported in several instances, at least for short-term outcomes; in contrast, although several compounds have been reported to overcome on-target RET alterations, none have yet been translated into routine clinical practice and this remains an area of urgent clinical need.
Informe de vigilancia competitiva y análisis temático de tendencias como apoyo de la propuesta de creación de un programa de Maestría en Paisaje y Gestión del Hábitat en la Universidad Santo Tomás, seccional Bucaramanga
Authors: Idárraga-Ortiz Sergio Alejandro , Vargas-Leal Viviana Marcela
Published: December 2024

El informe presenta un análisis exhaustivo para respaldar la creación de una Maestría en Paisaje y Gestión del Hábitat en la Universidad Santo Tomás, seccional Bucaramanga, mediante un enfoque de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva. Este análisis responde a desafíos globales como el cambio climático, la sostenibilidad ambiental y la gestión del paisaje, y alinea la propuesta académica con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) y las demandas del mercado laboral. El programa busca formar profesionales con competencias avanzadas para diseñar y gestionar soluciones basadas en la naturaleza, promoviendo biodiversidad, resiliencia climática y calidad de vida. El análisis metodológico empleó herramientas de bibliometría, minería de datos e inteligencia artificial para identificar tendencias científicas y técnicas relacionadas con la gestión del paisaje y el hábitat. Los resultados destacan la existencia de 18 programas de maestría similares en Colombia, con Bogotá como principal núcleo educativo, mientras que la región de Santander carece de oferta en este ámbito. Esto representa una oportunidad estratégica para que la Universidad Santo Tomás lidere en esta área, cubriendo una brecha regional y fortaleciendo su competitividad nacional. En términos de investigación, se identificaron 27 grupos activos en Colombia relacionados con paisaje y hábitat, con los que la universidad podría colaborar para fortalecer la maestría. Además, las estadísticas académicas reflejan un crecimiento reciente en inscripciones y graduaciones en programas similares, lo que indica un interés creciente en esta área. Los indicadores de empleabilidad también son positivos, con tasas de cotización superiores al 90% en varias maestrías relacionadas, lo que refuerza la viabilidad laboral de los egresados. El estudio identifica nueve tendencias clave en la disciplina, como la adaptación al cambio climático, la digitalización en el diseño del paisaje, la restauración ecológica, la gobernanza participativa y la innovación en materiales sostenibles. Estas áreas subrayan la pertinencia de la maestría para abordar problemas contemporáneos desde un enfoque multidisciplinario. De modo que, la propuesta de la maestría está respaldada por una sólida base académica y estratégica, alineándose con las necesidades formativas de la región y las tendencias globales. La Universidad Santo Tomás tiene la oportunidad de posicionarse como un referente en sostenibilidad y gestión del paisaje, contribuyendo al desarrollo sostenible y al fortalecimiento de la oferta educativa en Colombia.
Gemeinsame Nutzung von Mobilfunkinfrastrukturen nach den neuen Horizontalleitlinien
Authors: Bulowski Stefan , Zierke Oliver
Published: December 2024

Die überarbeiteten EU-Horizontalleitlinien enthalten einen neuen Abschnitt zur kartellrechtlichen Beurteilung der gemeinsamen Nutzung von Mobilfunkinfrastrukturen durch mehrere Mobilfunkanbieter. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht diese Neuerung. Zudem enthält er einführende Erläuterungen, wie die gemeinsame Nutzung von Mobilfunkinf rastrukturen (technisch) erfolgen kann und welche ökonomischen und rechtlichen Probleme aus bestimmten Kooperationsformen folgen können. Schließlich werden auch die telekommunikationsrechtlichen Bezüge zu diesem Thema dargestellt, da insbesondere eine gemeinsame Nutzung von Funkfrequenzen neben der wettbewerbsrechtlichen Prüfung auch eine regulierungsrechtliche Genehmigung erforderlich machen kann.
Estudio léxico de la toponimia menor del centro poblado de Veracruz-Totos, Perú
Authors: Retamozo Gálvez Wilson
Published: December 2024

Na aldeia de Veracruz-Totos, no departamento de Ayacucho no Peru, não há registo do corpus lexico-semântico ou estudos linguísticos dos seus topónimos, pelo que o objectivo desta investigação é analisar a semântica e a morfossintaxia da toponímia menor desta aldeia. A fim de atingir este objectivo, foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa com um desenho de estudo não experimental e transversal. O método é de natureza sincrónica, orientado para o conhecimento do léxico da área. Após análise da informação, foi determinado que os topónimos de Veracruz são formados principalmente pela união de dois lexemas nominais e que podem ser agrupados em campos semânticos, três dos quais são apresentados na análise: fitoponyms, hidroponyms e orotoponyms. Esta contribuição permite salvaguardar os nomes atribuídos à localidade e recomenda-se que um maior número de topónimos possa ser analisado na investigação subsequente.
Lygtinio paleidimo taikymą reglamentuojančių įstatymų kaita ir kokybė atkūrus Lietuvos nepriklausomybę
Authors: Vosyliūtė Andželika
Published: December 2024

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Baudžiamosios teisės konstitucionalizavimo patirtis
Authors: Birmontienė Toma
Published: December 2024

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The main challenges arising before the criminal law of Ukraine with the beginning of the large-scale phase of the war, and the legislator’s responses to them
Authors: Ponomarenko Yuriy
Published: December 2024

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Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo kodekso sisteminių pokyčių būtinumas
Authors: Drakšas Romualdas
Published: December 2024

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Valstybės sienų uždarymas pagal tarptautinę ir Europos Sąjungos teisę žmogaus teisių apsaugos požiūriu
Authors: Milašiūtė Vygantė
Published: December 2024

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Tendencias Recientes en la Formulación de Políticas Públicas
Authors: Murillo Zamora Carlos
Published: December 2024

Se trata de un estado del arte, no exhaustivo, a partir de una revisión de literatura sobre políticas públicas, su análisis e interpretación, contextualizadas en los cambios generados por la globalización, las transformaciones de la agencia estatal y el crecimiento de actores no estatales en el sistema internacional. Se tiene en cuenta lo relativo a los problemas perversos, que van en aumento, y las crisis que han tenido lugar en la presente centuria. Se complementa con el diseño y co-diseño de políticas, que adquiere mayor relevancia para comprender la importancia del objeto de estudio. El propósito es ofrecer un recuento de constructos y sus variables, identificación de los principales enfoques y tendencias en el diseño de políticas, al mismo tiempo que aportar bibliografía que sirva de referencia a quienes están interesados en el estudio de este campo. Esto porque el trabajo es parte de un proyecto de investigación sobre tendencias recientes en el diseño y co-diseño de políticas. Por ende, no llega a conclusiones o afirmaciones. En ese sentido es un documento de consulta para realizar análisis puntuales o generales sobre las políticas; y es un avance de un proyecto de investigación sobre Diseño de políticas públicas en contextos complejos: el caso de Costa Rica, adscrito a la Escuela de Administración Pública, Universidad de Costa Rica.
The psychophysical assessments of tactile, temperature and electrical perception for implants with metal prosthetic surfaces
Authors: Fang Qing , Xue Jinlang , Hu Shuai , Tao Jianxiang
Published: December 2024

The tactile function and thermal perception are two primary functions of oral structures. Implants without periodontal ligament and pulp might fail to sense the tactile and temperature change. This study aimed to investigate implants′ tactile, thermal, and electrical perception by detailed psychophysical assessments. A total of forty-eight patients with single implant restoration were recruited. Mechanical (5 intensities), cold (4 temperatures), and electrical stimulation were respectively applied to implants and natural teeth, and the psychophysical results were recorded with a visual analog scale (VAS) and compared between implants and natural teeth. For tactile perception, at low and medium forces, implants were significantly poorer than natural teeth (P<0.01), but at the largest force, there were no significant differences (P >0.05). Regarding thermal perception, thermal changes on implants could be detected, although the signals were weaker when compared to natural teeth (P<0.01). Implants were less sensitive to electrical stimulation than natural teeth (P<0.01). Even though there is no periodontium and pulp, dental implants could perceive the mechanical, thermal, and electrical stimulation weakly.
Services Unbound: Digital Technologies and Policy Reform in East Asia and Pacific
Authors:   World Bank
Published: December 2024

Services are a new force for innovation, trade, and growth in East Asia and Pacific. The dramatic diffusion of digital technologies and partial policy reforms in services--from finance, communication, and transport to retail, health, and education--is transforming these economies. The result is higher productivity and changing jobs in the services sector, as well as in the manufacturing sectors that use these services. A region that has thrived through openness to trade and investment in manufacturing still maintains innovation-inhibiting barriers to entry and competition in key services sectors. 'Services Unbound: Digital Technologies and Policy Reform in East Asia and Pacific' makes the case for deeper domestic reforms and greater international cooperation to unleash a virtuous cycle of increased economic opportunity and enhanced human capacity that would power development in the region.
Exploring the Effects of Polyglutamylation of α-Tubulin C-terminal Regions Through All-Atom Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Kholina E.G. , Gudimchuk N.B.
Published: December 2024

The tubulin cytoskeleton, consisting of a network of microtubules, is a key intracellular system that supports the execution of numerous vital cellular functions. Its operation is regulated by post-translational modifications, which are introduced and edited by enzymes, recognized by regulatory proteins, or directly influence the properties of tubulins. One such modification is the polyglutamylation of the C-terminal regions of tubulin. In this study, we investigated the effect of adding additional glutamate residues on the dynamics of the C-terminal regions of α-tubulin and their interactions with the globular domains of tubulin using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. The analysis of simulation data totaling over three microseconds for both modified and unmodified tubulin revealed that polyglutamylation decreases the average distance between the base and the tip of the unstructured C-terminal region, increasing the likelihood of its contact with the globular domain of the protein, including the polymerization interface. These findings suggest that polyglutamylation of the C-terminal regions of α-tubulin may act as a factor influencing the kinetics of microtubule assembly.
Hukum Akal dan Hukum Adat: Implikasinya Terhadap Pemikiran
Authors: Ahmad Mohd Kamil
Published: December 2024

Ucapan seperti “perkara ini tidak logik!”, “mustahil-lah” dan seumpamanya sering kali didengari di dalam masyarakat masa kini. Namun, tanpa disedari, penggunaan ucapan-ucapan sebegini menggambarkan bahawa masyarakat sering keliru antara mustahil akal dan mustahil adat. Justeru, penulisan ini dilakukan untuk mengangkat kembali kefahaman yang jelas mengenai hukum akal dan hukum adat, dan kepentingannya dalam memurnikan pemikiran terutamanya apabila berhadapan dengan perkara-perkara akidah dan juga dalam iktikad harian seperti perkara-perkara yang mencarik adat, pengisbatan perkara-perkara ghaib dan sebagainya. Penulisan ini menggunakan metodologi kajian secara kualitatif melalui kaedah analisis kandungan turath Islami dan data kepustakaan. Implikasi artikel ini menampakkan perbezaan yang jelas antara hukum akal dan hukum adat yang sepatutnya diterapkan dalam kefahaman sebenar masyarakat Muslim.
Indikator Pemilihan Makanan Halal dan Tayyib dalam Kalangan Generasi Milenial Muslim Pulau Pinang
Authors: Ghazali Nooramira
Published: December 2024

Kebimbangan dengan percambahan restoran makanan luar negara di Malaysia telah memberi kesan kepada pemilihan makanan dalam kalangan pengguna Muslim khususnya golongan Milenial. Oleh itu, untuk menangani isu ini, pengukuhan aspek kefahaman halal, kefahaman tayyiban, elemen kesihatan diri, kualiti makanan dan tabiat pemakanan dipercayai merupakan langkah proaktif dalam mendidik masyarakat Muslim Milenial mengenai pemilihan makanan yang berlandaskan kepada syariat Islam. Justeru, kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti dan menganalisis indikator pemilihan makanan halal dan tayyib yang terdiri daripada kefahaman halal, kefahaman tayyiban, kesihatan diri,kualiti makanan dan tabiat pemakanan yang boleh mempengaruhi pengguna Muslim Milenial pada masa kini. Kajian yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan pengumpulan data melalui pengedaran borang soal selidik telah dilakukan kepada 415 pengguna Muslim Milenial di negeri Pulau Pinang. Data yang telah diperoleh telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian SPSS versi 22 dan SMART-PLS versi 3.2.7. Secara keseluruhannya kajian ini menunjukkan faktor kefahaman tayyiban dan tabiat pemakanan berupaya mempengaruhi sikap pengguna Muslim Milenial terhadap keperluan makanan halalan tayyiban. Justeru sebagai pengguna Muslim adalah sangat berkepentingan untuk memastikan pemilihan makanan harian adalah berlandaskan kepada syariat Islam. Ini bertujuan untuk memastikan pengguna Muslim kini khususnya generasi Milenial menjalani kehidupan yang diberkati dan di redhai Allah SWT.
Perceived Challenges and Social Support for Muslim Women Living with HIV (WLWHIV) in Malaysia
Authors: Abu Hassan Shaari Azahah
Published: December 2024

The unfair social structure that exists in society contributes to negative impacts on women who have been diagnosed with HIV. This qualitative study aims to explore the obstacles faced by Muslim women living with HIV (WLWHIV) in Malaysia. Additionally, this study investigated the perceived social support for those living with HIV in order to improve their overall quality of life. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were utilised, and semi-structured, audio-taped online interviews were conducted. Eight participants from five different states in Malaysia were involved in the study. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The survey findings underscored the considerable challenges encountered by Muslim women living with HIV, such as the intricate responsibility of raising children, confronting family stigma, and managing insufficient professional support. It highlights the significance of actively seeking social support, participating in religious and self-care practices, and engaging with supportive peers as crucial elements in enhancing the overall well-being of individuals affected by HIV. Gaining a better understanding of perceived challenges and social support among Muslim WLWHIV in Malaysia will lay the groundwork for crafting effective psychosocial interventions and social policies for this marginalised group. This study can inspire mental health professionals, including social workers, counsellors, and psychologists, to identify the positive qualities of Muslim WLWHIV that can help them advocate for their clients.
STATISTICAL PHYSICAL MODELING TO UNVEIL THE ADSORPTION MECHANISM OF MANGANESE ION ON MODIFIED SURFACE OF PORPHYRIN
Authors: Alanazi Meshari , Knani Salah , Lefi Nizar , Zahrouni Wassim , Elmotri Bilel
Published: December 2024

In this study, the adsorption mechanism of manganese ions onto the 5, 10, 15, 20-Tetrakis(4-tolylphenyl) porphyrin molecule (H2TTPP) was studied and interpreted. Through the spin coating method, a thin film of H2TTPP was deposited and so the adsorption isotherms of Mn2+ ions on a thin H2TTPP layer were measured using quartz crystal microbalance technique (QCM). These isotherms were modeled using the statistical physics approach. The mechanism of the adsorption was elucidated by essentially three physicochemical parameters such as: the quantity of attached ion to each receptor site, the number of accessible receptor sites, and the concentration at half saturations. The simulation results provide that H2TTPP is linked to more than one manganese ion, with an adsorption energy of less than 40kJ/mol which implies a physical adsorption process. The statistical model is useful to characterize the adsorbent-adsorbate system. Hence, three thermodynamic functions are calculated and interpreted. Then, distributions of the pore size (PSD) and the adsorption energy (AED) were also deduced.
Modernização agropecuária no Brasil
Authors: Gomes Camila da Silva , Procópio Diego Pierotti , Arruda-Oliveira João Carlos , Lima Heder José D'Avila , Silva Roberto Bevilacquia Borroso da
Published: December 2024

Objetivou-se investigar os fatores relacionados ao processo de modernização agropecuária no Brasil e determinar o Índice de Modernização Agropecuária (IMA) das microrregiões brasileiras para o ano de 2017. Para o alcance do objetivo proposto, foi utilizada a Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) e a base de dados utilizada foi o Censo Agropecuário de 2017. Os resultados mostraram que os principais fatores associados à modernização agropecuária no Brasil foram: (a) técnicas produtivas, acesso a serviços de assistência técnica e crédito; (b) rendimentos e despesas totais por pessoal ocupado; (c) posse de equipamento produtivo e rendimento e despesas por área; e (d) acesso ao serviço de energia e posse de equipamento tecnológico de acesso à informação técnica (televisão). Verificou-se uma homogeneidade no nível de modernização agropecuária ao longo do país (coeficiente de variação de 22,87%, menor que 30%). Entretanto, com a maior parte das microrregiões com uma classificação de baixo IMA (347 microrregiões, que representa 62,19% do total nacional), localizadas principalmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. Para que haja uma melhora no nível de modernização agropecuária em determinadas localidades brasileiras, torna-se relevante a elaboração de políticas públicas que promovam uma expansão do acesso aos serviços de assistência técnica e crédito aos produtores rurais e a criação de organizações coletivas (associações, cooperativas, entidades de classe e sindicatos) ao longo do território brasileiro.
Entorno positivo para los cuidados paliativos en Colombia 2025: Plan de Acción 2022-2025, Nodo Pacífico
Authors: Sánchez-Cárdenas Miguel Antonio , León Delgado Marta Ximena , Cañon Piñeros Angela María , Rodríguez-Campos Luisa Fernanda , Vargas-Escobar Lina María
Published: December 2024

Este documento contiene el plan de acción para mejorar la actividad de cuidados paliativos en Colombia del nodo Pacífico. Se ha estructurado siguiendo el modelo de evaluación propuesto por el Observatorio Colombiano de Cuidados Paliativos. Para cada uno de los objetivos estratégicos se plantean barreras, recursos y capacidades los cuales proceden del reporte técnico del Observatorio que acompaña este documento. El documento presenta una metodología mediante la cual durante la sesión se le pedirá al stakehorder de la región Pacífico que califique la factibilidad de las acciones propuestas y que discuta la prioridad de las acciones y los facilitadores estratégicos señalados (responsables de conducir la acción propuesta).
Standardization and HPTLC Fingerprint Studies on the Ethanol Extracts of Vitex negundo Leaves and Opuntia dillenii Cladode
Authors: Dhanapal Shyam S. , Balachandran P. , Ranganathan Sundhararajan
Published: December 2024

Background: In traditional Indian system of medicine Vitex negundo Linn is referred as Sarvaroganivarani - the remedy for all diseases. The cladodes of Opuntia dillenii possess anti-inflammatory, potent hypotensive and antihyperglycemic effects. Aim: This study aimed to perform comparative standardization and HPTLC fingerprinting on ethanolic leaf extracts of Vitex negundo and cladodes of Opuntia dillenii. Methods: Extracts were prepared using cold maceration. Physicochemical studies of powdered crude drugs, preliminary phytochemical analysis, heavy metal analysis for arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury, test for aflatoxin B1, G1, B2, G2 and microbial analysis were carried out in both ethanolic plant extracts. The chromatographic fingerprints of ethanolic extracts of plants were recorded using HPTLC and the solvent system used was chloroform and methanol in the ratio 9:1. Results: The outcomes of preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides and steroids in both the plant extracts. Proteins, saponins and tannins were absent. Analysis of heavy metals and aflatoxins were Below Quantification Limits (BQL). Microbes E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were absent. Total aerobic bacterial count and yeast mould count were well within the acceptable limits. The results obtained from HPTLC fingerprint lane analysis showed 12 and13 bands at wavelengths 254nm and 366nm respectively. Conclusion: The present study offers valuable information and act as a tool that can applied in standardization of ethanolic plant extracts of Vitex negundo and Opuntia dillenii.
A Comprehensive Drug Review on Cuntai Varral Cūranam for its Anti-diabetic Potential on Matumēkam (Type II Diabetes Mellitus)
Authors: Shenbagaraj Shunmugaram , Ramamoorthy Vinodini , Balasubramanian Saraswathi , Priya Ramachandran Sri Sathiya , Parameswaran Sathiyarajeswaran , Rajkumar Shyamala
Published: December 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by inadequate insulin production by the pancreas or insufficient insulin utilisation by the body. WHO (World Health Organisation) estimates that Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) account for 75% of all worldwide fatalities and 2 million death per year account due to diabetes including kidney disease. The prevalence of DM is comparatively higher in lower and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. The IDF states that approximately 10.5% of adults aged 20 to 79 have diabetes, and half of them are unaware of their condition It is estimated that by 2045, the number of adults living with diabetes will rise to 46%. Diabetes Mellitus can be clinically correlated with signs and symptoms of Inippu nīr (NSMC-XGB 1.4) and Matumēkam and its complications stated as in Avattaikal in Siddha text. Traditional plant remedies for diabetes have been considered excellent oral therapeutic options due to their effectiveness, safety and less adverse effects. Cuntai Varral Cūranam (CVC) is the polyherbal formulation prescribed as a single or supplemental drug for gastrointestinal disorders and used in the management of DM and its ailments in practice. This study aims to review the Anti-diabetic efficacy of CVC through its phytochemical, pharmacological aspects, and basic Siddha principle (Mukkurram, cuvai, vīriyam and vipākam) for the ingredients of CVC. The pharmacological actions like anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and anti-microbial activities and the enzyme inhibition pathways of the ingredients were analysed. The result suggested that CVC might be an effective anti-diabetic drug in the management of DM and its complications due to its synergistic effect.
Evaluating the Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of Saccharum spontaneum Linn Flower Extract in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Authors: Paulraj Caroline Sindhu , Subbaraj Gowtham Kumar , Arifunhera J , Annadurai Dasa Prakash , Sundaram Keerthika , Isaac Jane Betsy , Y. Santhosh Kumar , Selvaraj Satheesh , Kalaichelvan Susmitha , Radhakrishnan Arunkumar
Published: December 2024

Background: Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a devastating disease with a poor survival rate, emphasising the urgent need for novel and effective therapeutic agents. Saccharumspontaneum Linn (S. spon), a member of the Poaceae family, has garnered attention due to its diverse pharmacological benefits, including antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Aim: This study aims to investigate the phytochemical composition of S. spon flower extract and evaluate its antioxidant and anticancer potential against HCC. Methods: The antioxidant activity of the Methanolic Extract (ME) of S. spon flowers was assessed using DPPH and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. The anticancer efficacy was evaluated using MTT assay on HepG2 cell lines. An in vivo study was also conducted using a diethyl nitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma animal model. Results: The results showed significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH and FRAP assays. The MTT assay revealed a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability, with an IC50 value of 25.5 µM/mL. Furthermore, the ME S. spon exhibited notable cytotoxic effects and mitigated liver injury in the animal model, as evidenced by decreased liver enzyme levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that S. spon possesses significant antitumor efficacy and pharmacological potential, making it a promising candidate for the treatment of hepatic cancer. The findings suggest that S. spon inhibits cancer cell growth and induces programmed cell death, warranting further investigation for its therapeutic applications.
Pharmacological and Therapeutic Application of Carissa carandas L. Fruit on the Peril of Diseases
Authors: Lavanya T. , Parameshwari S.
Published: December 2024

Carissa carandas L. (Karonda) fruits remain neglected in India, despite their effectiveness in achieving nutritional requirements. The majority of the underutilized fruits are widely accessible and native to the locality. The article intends to demonstrate the many positive health effects of Karonda fruits, which are composed of a number of anti-oxidant, bioactive and phytochemical components. Thus, the fruit has an abundance of nutrients and can help alleviate a variety of ailments. It is currently regarded as an essential source for multiple distinctive products for the production of several commercial products as well as medicines for different illnesses. The intention of this review paper is to analyse the pharmacologic and therapeutic findings that will assist in discovering the medicinal value of Karonda fruits while unlocking the way for more investigation into the detection of health effects in in vivo human studies.
Decolonizing Early Childhood Education: Tracing Ancestral Disruptions and Advocating for African/Black Indigenous Knowledge Reclamation
Authors: Kissi Evelyn
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the lived experiences of African/Black people, particularly within the context of a tri-citizen Ghanaian Nigerian, and Canadian scholar. Employing the concept of “wake work” inspired by Christina Sharpe’s notion of “sitting with” and gathering phenomena disproportionately affecting African/Black people, it utilizes archival methods to trace the ancestral disruptions, resistances, and ruptures in various spaces. Challenging Eurocentric narratives, it examines the colonization of Indigenous knowledge systems and the erasure of African spirituality. The research advocates for mandatory integration of African Indigenous education in early childhood programs, urging educators to support the heterogenous journeys of African/Black Indigenous communities to reclaim space, resist hegemonic discourses, and center African ways of knowing to foster empowerment, healing, and decolonization.
Lecturers’ Perception in Integrating ICC Components in Teaching English as Foreign Language at University Level
Authors: Akhmad Enni , Basalama Nonny , Otoluwa Moon Hidayati , Dako Rahman Taufiqrianto , Mahmud Karmila , Ibrahim Syahrun
Published: December 2024

This article aims to explore the lecturers’ perception in integrating ICC in teaching English as foreign language at university level. This research is conducted at Jurusan Tadris Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo. The participants in this study are 2 lecturers who taught English Speaking Courses at Jurusan Tadris Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo. This research used qualitative research methods with case study design. Data collection techniques used interview. Data analysis used thematic analysis. The results of the research shows three (3) findings, first, the perception of lecturers in integrating ICC Components occur based on three things, namely perceptions of the lecturers’ teaching experience, perceptions of multicultural society, and perception of students' language proficiency and motivation. This research implied to integrate ICC in teaching English as foreign language due to the role of ICC
La Carta española de Derechos Digitales y los derechos humanos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Barranco Avilés María del Carmen
Published: December 2024

La Carta de Derechos Digitales es el resultado del trabajo de un grupo de personas expertas constituido en el marco del Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital de España. Este instrumento pretende identificar los derechos implicados en la llamada sociedad digital a la luz del derecho español. La Carta se refiere a la “Protección de las personas menores de edad en el entorno digital” y menciona a la infancia en relación con el derecho a la educación digital. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar, desde un punto de vista crítico, el alcance de los derechos señalados y las herramientas de protección.
La rebaja del precio como remedio general por incumplimiento contractual en el derecho civil chileno
Authors: Schopf Olea Adrián
Published: December 2024

Este artículo plantea la posibilidad de generalizar el remedio de rebaja del precio por incumplimiento contractual en el derecho chileno. Se sostiene que el sinalagma contractual y el principio de equivalencia de las prestaciones, que fundan la rebaja del precio por cumplimento imperfecto en una serie de supuestos legales específicos, concurren en términos idénticos en todo contrato bilateral, oneroso y conmutativo. Por ello, en esa clase de contratos el acreedor dispone siempre de este remedio. El derecho contractual chileno, se sostiene, tiene la suficiente flexibilidad para dar soporte legal a un remedio general de rebaja del precio, efectuándose propuestas concretas al respecto.
The Aphicidal and Repellent Activities of Oxymatrine, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Nimbecidine and Spinosad against Adults of Oleander Aphids (Aphis nerii Boyer De Fonscolombe) under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Al-Hayali Tareq Saadi Abbas , Alhadithy Osama Taha Hammadi Abdullah , Ahmed Ali Kadhim , Salim Hussein Ali
Published: December 2024

Background: The study aimed to determine the effect of biological and chemical control against the oleander insect, Aphis nerii, under laboratory conditions. Methods: The current study was conducted in the Plant Protection Laboratory of Diyala Agriculture, Diyala Province, Baqubah district, Iraq, During May 2023 to evaluate commercial products, which included oxymatrine, spinosad, the bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and nimbecidine, in addition to alphacypermethrin pesticide with three concentrations of 10, 20 and 30% against adults of Oleander aphids, Aphis nerii, the study included two experiments, to evaluate the mortality rate and the second to evaluate the repellency rate under laboratory conditions. Result: The alphacypermethrin pesticide with a concentration of 30% recorded the highest mortality (93.3%) after 24 hours, while the bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a concentration of 10% and the oil neem (nimbecidine) with a concentration of 30% recorded the highest mortality (63.3% and 63.3%, respectively), after 48 hours. The oxymatrine 30% and 20% were superior in recording the highest repellency (66.6% and 66.6%) after 5 and 15 minutes, respectivelyand the bacteria 20% recorded the highest repellency (60.0%) after 10 minutes. The results of this study indicate the possibility of replacing chemical pesticides with biological control agents as eco-friendly alternatives.
Revisión Sistemática de factores protectores y de riesgo que influyen en la Permanencia Estudiantil en el contexto Latinoamericano
Authors: Dorado Martínez Álvaro Darío , Tabares Díaz Alejandra , Velasco Santacruz David Esteban , Estrella Delgado Claudia Viviana
Published: December 2024

Objective: to systematically analyze the scientific literature to determine the risk and protective factors that influence in the student permanence according to the Latin American context. Materials and methods: Systematic literature review based on PRISMA guidelines. A literature crawl was conducted in Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Gale A Cengage Company, between 2014 to 2022. Results: 53 research studies were selected, most of which were developed in Colombia and mention individual, institutional, socioeconomic, academic and family factors as influential at a protective or risk level on permanence. Conclusions: The factors mentioned above are interrelated and, depending on the interaction an it’s modulation, they can be transformed as protective or risk factors
THE PATH TO SPIRITUALITY
Authors: Fatkhuri Fatkhuri , Truna Dody S. , Hannah Neng
Published: December 2024

This article critiques McGuire’s (2008) work on Spirituality and Materiality: Why Bodies Matter? in the book Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life. In her work, McGuire challenges the traditional Western dichotomy between spirituality and materiality, which places the two in a binary opposition. She argues that spiritual experiences are closely connected to the body and physical environment. This article aims to analyze the main strengths of McGuire’s work, particularly its strong empirical foundation through qualitative research methods, such as interviews and observations, which enhance the credibility of her arguments. However, several weaknesses are identified in this study. First, McGuire does not clearly define spirituality, leading to ambiguous interpretations. Second, her generalization that material aspects are always involved in achieving spirituality overlooks the possibility of non-material approaches, such as meditation or introspection. Third, the work neglects psychological factors that influence individual spiritual experiences, such as trauma or motivation. Fourth, the concept of materiality is problematic, as she does not adequately explain how it leads to spiritual experiences. Lastly, McGuire’s in some cases’ use of her personal experiences as a basis for her arguments could introduce bias, as spirituality is highly subjective and varies for each individual. This study employs a qualitative approach to provide an in-depth analysis of McGuire’s work and relevant literature on spirituality and materiality, focusing on how different traditions define and practice spirituality, particularly about pathways that emphasize non-material aspects in achieving spiritual experiences.
Optimization of the Distribution of the Staged Feed in a Plug Flow Tubular Reactor
Authors: Bendjaouhdou Chaouki
Published: December 2024

This research aims to study by numerical simulation the influence of various parameters on the efficiency of a staged feed tubular plug flow reactor. The main characteristic of this system is that a second stream of reactant feed is headed axially on the pipe constituting the reactor. The study of the staged feed tubular plug flow reactor is carried out in order to emphasis the influence of functioning parameters on the conversion at the exit. The studied parameters are: reactants concentrations, volume flow rate, and the staging feed function (gB) of the co-reactant. The results obtained by numerical simulation evidence the influence of operating parameters, and above all, it shows that there is an optimal configuration of the staging feed function along with adimensionnal axial coordinate gB(z) which optimizes the conversion at the exit of the reactor.
A Review of Machine Learning in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Ahmed Darya Rasul , Muhammadsharif Fahmi F.
Published: December 2024

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are one of the most promising candidates for the future commercialization of renewable energy sources that provide a low cost and flexible devices for different daily-life applications. This objective can be rapidly accomplished by formulating novel compounds and forecasting their efficiency and stability without significant investigation, thus minimizing the number of prospective targets. Data-driven machine learning (ML) algorithms can foretell materials energy levels, absorption response, stability, and efficiency of OSCs that helps in the development of novel high-performance materials. Nonetheless, the data-driven molecular design of organic solar cell materials continues to pose significant challenges. The primary issue lies in the complexity and variability of organic materials, which necessitates extensive and high-quality datasets for training robust machine learning models. Additionally, integrating these models into a coherent and efficient workflow that can be adopted by the scientific community remains an obstacle. This review article delves into the use of machine learning methods for organic solar cell research. Hence, the fundamentals of machine learning and the important procedures for applying these techniques in the context of organic solar cells are elaborated. A brief introduction to different classes of machine learning algorithms, as well as related software and tools, is provided. By addressing the challenges and leveraging the power of machine learning, we aim to pave the way for the accelerated discovery and optimization of organic solar cell materials, ultimately contributing to their commercialization and widespread adoption.
Quantum Relativity (Explanation of the Curvature of Space-Time)
Authors: Ismail Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Samira Ezzat
Published: December 2024

This research answers the knowledge gap regarding the explanation of the quantum jump of the electron. This scientific paper aims to complete Einstein’s research regarding general relativity and attempt to link general relativity to quantum laws.
Sexual Dysfunctions in Breastfeeding Females: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Smetanina Darya , Alnuaimi Shouq , Alkaabi Afra , Alketbi Meera , Hamam Elshimaa , Alkindi Hanin , Almheiri Mahra , Albasti Rouda , Almansoori Hajar , Alshehhi Mahra , Al Awar Shamsa , Statsenko Yauhen , Zaręba Kornelia
Published: December 2024

Background: The prevalence of sexual dysfunctions varies from 35.5% to over 80% among post-partum women. Controversy exists regarding risk factors for female sexual dysfunction (FSDs) in the postpartum period. It remains unclear whether the breastfeeding types contribute to the development of FSDs differently. Aims: The primary goal of this meta-analysis is to explore the role of baby-feeding practices in developing sexual dysfunctions in women. Methods: We con-ducted a systematic literature search using the biomedical databases Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed/Medline. We looked for peer-reviewed original studies written in English, Polish, and Arabic and published from January 2000 to June 2023. We included publica-tions that reported scores in sexuality domains assessed with the Female Sexual Dysfunction Index (FSFI) and any sexuality-related issues during postpartum. FSFI scores were combined in a meta-analysis using the random-effects inverse-variance model. Other findings were synthesized with a narrative review. Results: Nineteen articles met the eligibility criteria for systematic review and meta-analysis. Sexual dysfunctions were detected in all women, irrespective of the feeding type. Better overall sexual functioning was reported among women using complementary feeding than among those who breastfeed exclusively or use baby bottles: 22.16, 95% CI: 21.68 – 22.65, 21.61, 95% CI: 20.27 – 22.95, and 20.18, 95% CI -20.93 – 61.30, respectively. Slight lower scores were reported in all FSFI subscales in exclusively breastfeeding women compared to those using the complementary method. Conclusion: Breastfeeding females experience difficulties in sexual life during the postpartum period, irrespective of the feeding type. The most important aspects of the postpartum period that should be considered in the future are early diagnosis and prevention of sexual dysfunctions in all breastfeeding females.
Asymmetric Finite-Range Persistence in Time Series Generated by the Modified Discrete Langevin Model
Authors: Czechowski Zbigniew
Published: December 2024

The concept of asymmetric persistence in time series was proposed and an appropriate stochastic Langevin-type model was presented. The influence of this particular form of memory on the behavior of the generated time series was examined. It has been shown that asymmetry causes a significant distortion of the effect of drift forces and has a weaker impact on stochastic diffusion forces. Due to this, current known methods for reconstructing the Langevin-type model fail. The results of this work may help in deriving a new reconstruction method.