bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The inflammatory state provokes sexual dimorphism in left ventricular and electrocardiographic effects of chronic cyclosporine in rats
Authors: El-Bassossy Hany M. , Banjar Zainy M. , El-Mas Mahmoud M.
Published: February 2017

Although cardiotoxicity has been recognized as an adverse effect of cyclosporine A (CSA), no information exists regarding sex specificity of CSA cardiotoxicity. We tested the hypothesis that left ventricular (LV) and electrocardiographic (ECG) effects of CSA and related inflammatory/histopathological derangements are sex related. CSA reduced the LV slope of end-systolic pressure volume relationship and increased isovolumic relaxation constant. These effects were more pronounced in male compared to female rats, suggesting LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction. ECG recordings showed elevated ST segments and increased QTc and T peak trend intervals in CSA-treated male rats, markers of LV ischemia and arrhythmogenesis. In female rats, CSA delayed AV conduction, as reflected by prolonged PR interval. Other sex-related effects for CSA included (i) increased blood cholesterol, and reduced rates of rise and fall in LV pressure and nuclear factor kappa B and angiotensin receptors type 1 expressions in male rats, and (ii) increased LV adiponectin in females. Histopatholgically, CSA caused vascular congestion, blood extravasation, and pyknotic or even absent nuclei in both sexes. In conclusion, rats exhibit sex-independent susceptibility to negative LV and histopathological influences of CSA. These effects become more intensified in male rats, perhaps on account of aggravated ischemic and inflammatory milieus.
Activating Killer Immunoglobulin Receptors and HLA-C: a successful combination providing HIV-1 control
Authors: Malnati Mauro S. , Ugolotti Elisabetta , Monti Maria Cristina , Battista Davide De , Vanni Irene , Bordo Domenico , Sironi Francesca , Larghero Patrizia , Marco Eddi Di , Biswas Priscilla , Poli Guido , Vicenzi Elisa , Riva Agostino , Tarkowski Maciej , Tambussi Giuseppe , Nozza Silvia , Tripodi Gino , Marras Francesco , De Maria Andrea , Pistorio Angela , Biassoni Roberto
Published: February 2017

Several studies demonstrated a relevant role of polymorphisms located within the HLA-B and -C loci and the Killer Immunoglobulin Receptors (KIRs) 3DL1 and 3DS1 in controlling HIV-1 replication. KIRs are regulatory receptors expressed at the surface of NK and CD8+ T-cells that specifically bind HLA-A and -B alleles belonging to the Bw4 supratype and all the -C alleles expressing the C1 or C2 supratype. We here disclose a novel signature associated with the Elite Controller but not with the long-term nonprogressor status concerning 2DS activating KIRs and HLA-C2 alleles insensitive to miRNA148a regulation. Overall, our findings support a crucial role of NK cells in the control of HIV-1 viremia.
Anaerobic Capacityestimated in A Single Supramaximal Test in Cycling: Validity and Reliability Analysis
Authors: Miyagi Willian Eiji , de Poli Rodrigo de Araujo Bonetti , Papoti Marcelo , Bertuzzi Romulo , Zagatto Alessandro Moura
Published: February 2017

The aim was to verify the validity (i.e., study A) and reliability (i.e., study B) of the alternative maximal accumulated oxygen deficit determined using onlya supramaximal effort (MAODALT)to estimate anaerobic capacity [i.e., estimated by the gold standard maximal accumulated oxygen deficit method (MAOD)] during cycling. In study A, the effects of supramaximal intensities on MAODALT and the comparison with the MAOD were investigated in fourteen active subjects (26 ± 6 years). In study B, the test-retest reliability was investigated, where fourteen male amateur cyclists (29 ± 5 years) performed the MAODALT twice at 115% of the intensity associated to maximal oxygen uptake ("Equation missing"). MAODALT determined at 130 and 150% of "Equation missing" was lower than MAOD (p ≤ 0.048), but no differences between MAODALT determined at 100, 105, 110, 115, 120 and 140% of "Equation missing" (3.58 ± 0.53L; 3.58 ± 0.59L; 3.53 ± 0.52L; 3.48 ± 0.72L; 3.52 ± 0.61L and 3.46 ± 0.69L, respectively) with MAOD (3.99 ± 0.64L). The MAODALT determined from the intensities between 110 and 120% of "Equation missing" presented the better agreement and concordance with MAOD. In the test-retest, the MAODALT was not different (p > 0.05), showed high reproducibility when expressed in absolute values (ICC = 0.96, p < 0.01), and a good level of agreement in the Bland-Altman plot analysis (mean differences ± CI95%:−0.16 ± 0.53L). Thus, the MAODALT seems to be valid and reliable to assess anaerobic capacity in cycling.
The N-terminal domain of Schmallenberg virus envelope protein Gc is highly immunogenic and can provide protection from infection
Authors: Wernike Kerstin , Aebischer Andrea , Roman-Sosa Gleyder , Beer Martin
Published: February 2017

Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is transmitted by insect vectors, and therefore vaccination is one of the most important tools of disease control. In our study, novel subunit vaccines on the basis of an amino-terminal domain of SBV Gc of 234 amino acids (“Gc Amino”) first were tested and selected using a lethal small animal challenge model and then the best performing formulations also were tested in cattle. We could show that neither E. coli expressed nor the reduced form of “Gc Amino” protected from SBV infection. In contrast, both, immunization with “Gc Amino”-encoding DNA plasmids and “Gc-amino” expressed in a mammalian system, conferred protection in up to 66% of the animals. Interestingly, the best performance was achieved with a multivalent antigen containing the covalently linked Gc domains of both, SBV and the related Akabane virus. All vaccinated cattle and mice were fully protected against SBV challenge infection. Furthermore, in the absence of antibodies against the viral N-protein, differentiation between vaccinated and field-infected animals allows an SBV marker vaccination concept. Moreover, the presented vaccine design also could be tested for other members of the Simbu serogroup and might allow the inclusion of additional immunogenic domains.
Experimental observation of spatially resolved photo-luminescence intensity distribution in dual mode upconverting nanorod bundles
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Singh Satbir , Singh V. N. , Singh Nidhi , Gupta R. K. , Gupta Bipin Kumar
Published: February 2017

A novel method for demonstration of photoluminescence intensity distribution in upconverting nanorod bundles using confocal microscopy is reported. Herein, a strategy for the synthesis of highly luminescent dual mode upconverting/downshift Y1.94O3:Ho3+0.02/Yb3+0.04 nanorod bundles by a facile hydrothermal route has been introduced. These luminescent nanorod bundles exhibit strong green emission at 549 nm upon excitations at 449 nm and 980 nm with quantum efficiencies of ~6.3% and ~1.1%, respectively. The TEM/HRTEM results confirm that these bundles are composed of several individual nanorods with diameter of ~100 nm and length in the range of 1–3 μm. Furthermore, two dimensional spatially resolved photoluminescence intensity distribution study has been carried out using confocal photoluminescence microscope throughout the nanorod bundles. This study provides a new direction for the potential use of such emerging dual mode nanorod bundles as photon sources for next generation flat panel optical display devices, bio-medical applications, luminescent security ink and enhanced energy harvesting in photovoltaic applications.
Design of a Porous Cathode for Ultrahigh Performance of a Li-ion Battery: An Overlooked Pore Distribution
Authors: Song Jihwan , Kim Junhyung , Kang Taewook , Kim Dongchoul
Published: February 2017

Typical cathode materials of Li-ion battery suffer from a severe loss in specific capacity, and this problem is regarded as a major obstacle in the expansion of newer applications. To overcome this, porous cathodes are being extensively utilized. However, although it seems that the porosity in the cathode would be a panacea for high performance of LIBs, there is a blind point in the cathode consisting of porous structures, which makes the porous design to be a redundant. Here, we report the importance of designing the porosity of a cathode in obtaining ultrahigh performance with the porous design or a degraded performance even with increase of porosity. Numerical simulations show that the cathode with 40% porosity has 98% reduction in the loss of specific capacity when compared to the simple spherical cathode when the C-rate increases from 2.5 to 80 C. In addition, the loss over total cycles decreases from 30% to only about 1% for the cathode with 40% porosity under 40 C. Interestingly, however, the specific capacity could be decreased even with the increase in porosity unless the pores were evenly distributed in the cathode. The present analysis provides an important insight into the design of ultrahigh performance cathodes.
Electroacupuncture Attenuates CFA-induced Inflammatory Pain by suppressing Nav1.8 through S100B, TRPV1, Opioid, and Adenosine Pathways in Mice
Authors: Liao Hsien-Yin , Hsieh Ching-Liang , Huang Chun-Ping , Lin Yi-Wen
Published: February 2017

Pain is associated with several conditions, such as inflammation, that result from altered peripheral nerve properties. Electroacupuncture (EA) is a common Chinese clinical medical technology used for pain management. Using an inflammatory pain mouse model, we investigated the effects of EA on the regulation of neurons, microglia, and related molecules. Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) injections produced a significant mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia that was reversed by EA or a transient receptor potential V1 (TRPV1) gene deletion. The expression of the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the microglial marker Iba-1, S100B, receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), TRPV1, and other related molecules was dramatically increased in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) of CFA-treated mice. This effect was reversed by EA and TRPV1 gene deletion. In addition, endomorphin (EM) and N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) administration reliably reduced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, thereby suggesting the involvement of opioid and adenosine receptors. Furthermore, blocking of opioid and adenosine A1 receptors reversed the analgesic effects of EA. Our study illustrates the substantial therapeutic effects of EA against inflammatory pain and provides a novel and detailed mechanism underlying EA-mediated analgesia via neuronal and non-neuronal pathways.
Graphene Oxide Demonstrates Experimental Confirmation of Abraham Pressure on Solid Surface
Authors: Kundu Anirban , Rani Renu , Hazra Kiran S.
Published: February 2017

The century-old controversy over two contradicting theories on radiation pressure of light proposed by Abraham and Minkowski can come to an end if there is a direct method to measure the surface deformation of the target material due to momentum transfer of photons. Here we have investigated the effect of radiation pressure on the surface morphology of Graphene Oxide (GO) film, experienced due to low power focused laser irradiation. In-depth investigation has been carried out to probe the bending of the GO surface due to radiation pressure by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and subsequently the uniaxial strain induced on the GO film has been probed by Raman Spectroscopy. Our results show GO film experience an inward pressure due to laser radiation resulting in inward bending of the surface, which is consistent with the Abraham theory. The bending diameter and depth of the irradiated spot show linear dependence with the laser power while an abrupt change in depth and diameter of the irradiated spot is observed at the breaking point. Such abrupt change in depth is attributed to the thinning of the GO film by laser irradiation.
Simultaneous observation of particle and wave behaviors of entangled photons
Authors: Man Zhong-Xiao , Xia Yun-Jie , An Nguyen Ba
Published: February 2017

We theoretically study wave-particle duality of two entangled photons in the spirit of quantum version of delayed-choice experiments using Hadamard gate controlled by the quantum state of an ancilla and show that the two photons may globally exhibit particle-like, wave-like or simultaneously both particle-like and wave-like behavior. We prove that the obtained results cannot be satisfactorily explained by any hidden-variable theory. We also propose an efficient and experimentally feasible scheme without using any ancilla and controlled-gates to directly (i.e., without postselection) observe the two-photon wave-particle superposed state as well as the continuous transition of their behavior between wave-like one and particle-like one.
Role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-1 polymorphism genes with the pathogenesis of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants
Authors: Szpecht Dawid , Gadzinowski Janusz , Seremak-Mrozikiewicz Agnieszka , Kurzawińska Grażyna , Szymankiewicz Marta
Published: February 2017

In the pathogenesis of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants, an important role is played by changes in venous and arterial cerebral flows. It has been shown that the ability of autoregulation of cerebral flows in response to variations in arterial blood pressure in preterm infants is impaired. This impaired autoregulation causes an increased risk of germinal matrix rupture and IVH occurrence. We examined three polymorphisms of genes, related to regulation of blood flow, for an association with IVH in 100 preterm infants born from singleton pregnancy, before 32 + 0 weeks of gestation, exposed to antenatal steroids therapy, and without congenital abnormalities. These polymorphisms include: eNOS (894G > T and −786T > C) and EDN1 (5665G > T ) gene. We found that infants with genotype GT eNOS 894G > T have 3.4-fold higher risk developing of IVH born before 28 + 6 weeks of gestation. Our investigation did not confirm any significant prevalence for IVH development according to eNOS −786T > C genes polymorphism. Our novel investigations in EDN1 5665G > T polymorphism did not show any link between alleles or genotypes and IVH. Future investigations of polymorphisms in blood-flow associated genes may provide valuable insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of IVH.
Structural and functional characterization of deep-sea thermophilic bacteriophage GVE2 HNH endonuclease
Authors: Zhang Likui , Xu Dandan , Huang Yanchao , Zhu Xinyuan , Rui Mianwen , Wan Ting , Zheng Xin , Shen Yulong , Chen Xiangdong , Ma Kesen , Gong Yong
Published: February 2017

HNH endonucleases in bacteriophages play a variety of roles in the phage lifecycle as key components of phage DNA packaging machines. The deep-sea thermophilic bacteriophage Geobacillus virus E2 (GVE2) encodes an HNH endonuclease (GVE2 HNHE). Here, the crystal structure of GVE2 HNHE is reported. This is the first structural study of a thermostable HNH endonuclease from a thermophilic bacteriophage. Structural comparison reveals that GVE2 HNHE possesses a typical ββα-metal fold and Zn-finger motif similar to those of HNH endonucleases from other bacteriophages, apart from containing an extra α-helix, suggesting conservation of these enzymes among bacteriophages. Biochemical analysis suggests that the alanine substitutions of the conserved residues (H93, N109 and H118) in the HNH motif of GVE2 HNHE abolished 94%, 60% and 83% of nicking activity, respectively. Compared to the wild type enzyme, the H93A mutant displayed almost the same conformation while the N108A and H118A mutants had different conformations. In addition, the wild type enzyme was more thermostable than the mutants. In the presence of Mn2+ or Zn2+, the wild type enzyme displayed distinct DNA nicking patterns. However, high Mn2+ concentrations were needed for the N109A and H118A mutants to nick DNA while Zn2+ inactivated their nicking activity.
Amyloid-β Oligomers Interact with Neurexin and Diminish Neurexin-mediated Excitatory Presynaptic Organization
Authors: Naito Yusuke , Tanabe Yuko , Lee Alfred Kihoon , Hamel Edith , Takahashi Hideto
Published: February 2017

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by excessive production and deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) proteins as well as synapse dysfunction and loss. While soluble Aβ oligomers (AβOs) have deleterious effects on synapse function and reduce synapse number, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here we screened synaptic organizer proteins for cell-surface interaction with AβOs and identified a novel interaction between neurexins (NRXs) and AβOs. AβOs bind to NRXs via the N-terminal histidine-rich domain (HRD) of β-NRX1/2/3 and alternatively-spliced inserts at splicing site 4 of NRX1/2. In artificial synapse-formation assays, AβOs diminish excitatory presynaptic differentiation induced by NRX-interacting proteins including neuroligin1/2 (NLG1/2) and the leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein LRRTM2. Although AβOs do not interfere with the binding of NRX1β to NLG1 or LRRTM2, time-lapse imaging revealed that AβO treatment reduces surface expression of NRX1β on axons and that this reduction depends on the NRX1β HRD. In transgenic mice expressing mutated human amyloid precursor protein, synaptic expression of β-NRXs, but not α-NRXs, decreases. Thus our data indicate that AβOs interact with NRXs and that this interaction inhibits NRX-mediated presynaptic differentiation by reducing surface expression of axonal β-NRXs, providing molecular and mechanistic insights into how AβOs lead to synaptic pathology in AD.
High-Performance Regular Perovskite Solar Cells Employing Low-Cost Poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) as a Hole-Transporting Material
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqing , Yu Ze , Zhang Yuchen , Lai Jianbo , Li Jiajia , Gurzadyan Gagik G. , Yang Xichuan , Sun Licheng
Published: February 2017

Herein, we successfully applied a facile in-situ solid-state synthesis of conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as a HTM, directly on top of the perovskite layer, in conventional mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) (n-i-p structure). The fabrication of the PEDOT film only involved a very simple in-situ solid-state polymerisation step from a monomer 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DBEDOT) made from a commercially available and cheap starting material. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) demonstrated that the as-prepared PEDOT film possesses the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of −5.5 eV, which facilitates an effective hole extraction from the perovskite absorber as confirmed by the photoluminescence measurements. Optimised PSC devices employing this polymeric HTM in combination with a low-cost vacuum-free carbon cathode (replacing the gold), show an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.0% measured at 100 mW cm−2 illumination (AM 1.5G), with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.05 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 23.5 mA/cm2 and a fill factor (FF) of 0.69, respectively. The present finding highlights the potential application of PEDOT made from solid-state polymerisation as a HTM for cost-effective and highly efficient PSCs.
Applying phasor approach analysis of multiphoton FLIM measurements to probe the metabolic activity of three-dimensional in vitro cell culture models
Authors: Lakner Pirmin H. , Monaghan Michael G. , Möller Yvonne , Olayioye Monilola A. , Schenke-Layland Katja
Published: February 2017

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) can measure and discriminate endogenous fluorophores present in biological samples. This study seeks to identify FLIM as a suitable method to non-invasively detect a shift in cellular metabolic activity towards glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation in 3D Caco-2 models of colorectal carcinoma. These models were treated with potassium cyanide or hydrogen peroxide as controls, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) as a physiologically-relevant influencer of cell metabolic behaviour. Autofluorescence, attributed to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), was induced by two-photon laser excitation and its lifetime decay was analysed using a standard multi-exponential decay approach and also a novel custom-written code for phasor-based analysis. While both methods enabled detection of a statistically significant shift of metabolic activity towards glycolysis using potassium cyanide, and oxidative phosphorylation using hydrogen peroxide, employing the phasor approach required fewer initial assumptions to quantify the lifetimes of contributing fluorophores. 3D Caco-2 models treated with EGF had increased glucose consumption, production of lactate, and presence of ATP. FLIM analyses of these cultures revealed a significant shift in the contribution of protein-bound NADH towards free NADH, indicating increased glycolysis-mediated metabolic activity. This data demonstrate that FLIM is suitable to interpret metabolic changes in 3D in vitro models.
Application of targeted1H NMR profiling to assess the seed vitality of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
Authors: Qin Wen-Ting , Yang Cai-qiong , Iqbal Nasir , Deng Jun-cai , Zhang Jing , Shu Kai , Du Jun-bo , Yang Feng , Yang Wen-yu , Liu Jiang
Published: February 2017

A targeted1H NMR profiling method was developed for the simultaneous qualitation and quantitation of metabolites in soybean seed, and coupled PLS-DA multivariate statistical analysis helped us to assess seed vitality.
A hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the identification and determination of cationic starch derivatives in air samples
Authors: Gosetti Fabio , Mazzucco Eleonora , Secco Andrea , Robotti Elisa , Manfredi Marcello , Marengo Emilio
Published: February 2017

Air monitoring of potential carcinogenic starch derivatives by a new high-throughput HILIC-MS/MS method to protect the health of workers.
Large scale in silico screening of materials for carbon capture through chemical looping
Authors: Lau Cindy Y. , Dunstan Matthew T. , Hu Wenting , Grey Clare P. , Scott Stuart A.
Published: February 2017

A combined computational and experimental methodology is developed to predict new materials that can reversibly produce oxygen for chemical looping combustion, and then promising candidates are selected for experimental validation of these predictions.
Ultrasensitive detection of orthophosphate ions with reduced graphene oxide/ferritin field-effect transistor sensors
Authors: Mao Shun , Pu Haihui , Chang Jingbo , Sui Xiaoyu , Zhou Guihua , Ren Ren , Chen Yantao , Chen Junhong
Published: February 2017

The phosphorus level is one of the major parameters in evaluating water eutrophication and there is an increasing demand for accurate and real-time monitoring technology for phosphorus determination.
Antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling and thus induced distinct spin texture for the [LaMnO3/LaCoO3]5 superlattices
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Hongrui , Zhang Xuejing , Guan Xiangxiang , Shen Xi , Hong Deshun , Zhang Hui , Liu Banggui , Yu Richeng , Shen Baogen , Sun Jirong
Published: February 2017

Due to simultaneous AFM interlayer coupling and lattice modulation, the magnetic moment of Co ions in [LaCoO3/LaMnO3]5 exhibits not only a long range magnetic order but also a spatial oscillation, allowing the tuning of spin texture.
p-Type transition-metal doping of large-area MoS2 thin films grown by chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Xu E. Z. , Liu H. M. , Park K. , Li Z. , Losovyj Y. , Starr M. , Werbianskyj M. , Fertig H. A. , Zhang S. X.
Published: February 2017

Zinc doping suppresses n-type conductivity in MoS2 and shifts its Fermi level downwards.
Inserting –CHCH– into P(VDF-TrFE) by C–F activation mediated with Cu(0) in a controlled atom transfer radical elimination process
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Zhao Yifei , Tan Shaobo , Zhang Zhicheng
Published: February 2017

A controlled single electron transfer radical elimination (SET-RE) reaction has been successfully developed to introduce CHCH bonds into poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)).
Flexible full-solid-state supercapacitors based on self-assembly of mesoporous MoSe2 nanomaterials
Authors: Qiu Yang , Li Xuehua , Bai Mengru , Wang Hui , Xue Dan , Wang Wei , Cheng Jinbing
Published: February 2017

Flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors based on MoSe2 nanomaterials exhibit a high specific capacitance and long-life stability.
Clinical application of polymeric micelles for the treatment of cancer
Authors: Varela-Moreira Aida , Shi Yang , Fens Marcel H. A. M. , Lammers Twan , Hennink Wim E. , Schiffelers Raymond M.
Published: February 2017

Recent progress of polymeric micelle formulations currently under clinical evaluation for the treatment of cancer.
KBr/K2S2O8-mediated dibromohydration of N-(2-alkynylaryl)acetamide
Authors: Qiu Guanyinsheng , Li Yuewen , Ma Lele , Zhou Hongwei
Published: February 2017

A neighbouring acetamino group-participated regioselective dibromohydration of N-(2-alkynylaryl)acetamide is described here for the synthesis of N-(2-(2,2-dibromo-2-arylacetyl)aryl)acetamide.
Synthesis and properties of electron accepting star-shaped phosphaviologen oligomers
Authors: Striepe Laura , Vespa Marcus , Baumgartner Thomas
Published: February 2017

A straightforward synthetic route toward redox-active tri- and tetrastar phosphaviologen oligomers that show the intriguing ability of storing up to 8 electrons is reported.
Preparation of SiO2/PS superhydrophobic fibers with bionic controllable micro–nano structure via centrifugal spinning
Authors: Li Yongqiang , Zou Chao , Shao Jianzhong , Zhang Xiangwu , Li Ya'nan
Published: February 2017

We present a novel and simple centrifugal spinning technology that extrudes fibers from polymer solutions by using a high-speed rotary, perforated spinneret. And large amount of superhydrophobic micro/nano fibers can be prepared by using it.
Optimization of peak current of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/multi-walled carbon nanotube using response surface methodology/central composite design
Authors: A. Talib Nurul Ain , Salam Faridah , Yusof Nor Azah , Alang Ahmad Shahrul Ainliah , Sulaiman Yusran
Published: February 2017

Modification of electrode surface with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (PEDOT/MWCNT) composite prepared by electrodeposition technique was reported in this study.
Tuning plasmonic properties of CuS thin films via valence band filling
Authors: Kalanur Shankara S. , Seo Hyungtak
Published: February 2017

Tuning plasmonic properties of CuS thin films via electrochemical reduction by decreasing hole concentration in the valence band.
Controlled synthesis and wastewater treatment of Ag2O/TiO2 modified chitosan-based photocatalytic film
Authors: Zhao Yilin , Tao Chengran , Xiao Gang , Su Haijia
Published: February 2017

A novel Ag2O/TiO2-modified chitosan-based photocatalytic film with high adsorption and photocatalytic activity was synthesized, based upon the coupling of the synergistic catalytic technique of nano Ag2O/TiO2 and membrane separation.
Development of functionalized abamectin poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles with regulatable adhesion to enhance foliar retention
Authors: Yu Manli , Yao Junwei , Liang Jie , Zeng Zhanghua , Cui Bo , Zhao Xiang , Sun Changjiao , Wang Yan , Liu Guoqiang , Cui Haixin
Published: February 2017

Functionalized abamectin poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles with different adhesion abilities to crop foliage can regulate folia retention of abamectin.
Maghemite–gold core–shell nanostructures (γ-Fe2O3@Au) surface-functionalized with aluminium phthalocyanine for multi-task imaging and therapy
Authors: Coelho B. C. P. , Siqueira E. R. , Ombredane A. S. , Joanitti G. A. , Chaves S. B. , da Silva S. W. , Chaker J. A. , Longo J. P. F. , Azevedo R. B. , Morais P. C. , Sousa M. H.
Published: February 2017

Development of magnetic-gold-shelled nanoparticles functionalized with phthalocyanine as multi-task platforms for magnetohyperthermia, photothermal and photodynamic therapies and for computed tomography.
Biomimetic surfaces with anisotropic sliding wetting by energy-modulation femtosecond laser irradiation for enhanced water collection
Authors: Lu Yang , Yu Liandong , Zhang Zhen , Wu Sizhu , Li Guoqiang , Wu Peichao , Hu Yanlei , Li Jiawen , Chu Jiaru , Wu Dong
Published: February 2017

Inspired by natural rice leaf surfaces, we report a simple method to prepare three-level macrogrooves and micro/nanostructures on PDMS films by using energy-modulation femtosecond laser scanning for potential applications in water collection.
Efficient synthesis of novel N-substituted 2-carboxy-4-quinolones via lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (LiHMDS)-induced in situ cyclocondensation reaction
Authors: Hasan Phool , Aneja Babita , Masood Mir M. , Ahmad Md. Belal , Yadava Umesh , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Abid Mohammad
Published: February 2017

Efficient synthesis ofN-aryl-2-carboxy-substituted 4-quinolones with broad substrate scope and high regioselectivity.
Dynamic spectrum extraction method based on independent component analysis combined dual-tree complex wavelet transform
Authors: Peng Yao , Li Gang , Zhou Mei , Wang Huaile , Lin Ling
Published: February 2017

The proposed new dynamic spectrum (DS) extraction method based on ICA combined DTCWT could improve the precision accuracy of non-invasive measurement of blood components effectively.
Reversible solvatomagnetic switching in a single-ion magnet from an entatic state
Authors: Vallejo J. , Pardo E. , Viciano-Chumillas M. , Castro I. , Amorós P. , Déniz M. , Ruiz-Pérez C. , Yuste-Vivas C. , Krzystek J. , Julve M. , Lloret F. , Cano J.
Published: February 2017

We have developed a new strategy for the design and synthesis of multifunctional molecular materials showing reversible magnetic and optical switching.
Biologically-based pressure activated thin-film battery
Authors: McFarlane Tucker M. , Shetzline Jamie A. , Creager Stephen , Huebner Christopher F. , Tonkin Chip , Foulger Stephen
Published: February 2017

A pressure activated battery was created using a modified alkaline battery chemistry in conjunction with fish roe that served as the electrolyte storage and ion-permeable separator.
Synthesis and side-chain engineering of phenylnaphthalenediimide (PNDI)-based n-type polymers for efficient all-polymer solar cells
Authors: Cho Han-Hee , Kim Taesu , Kim Kimyung , Lee Changyeon , Kim Felix Sunjoo , Kim Bumjoon J.
Published: February 2017

We designed and synthesized a series of n-type conjugated polymers by introducing phenylnaphthalenediimide (PNDI) as a novel n-type building block, and investigated the effect of side-chain engineering in the polymer acceptor on the performance of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs).
Cobalt phosphide nanowire array as an effective electrocatalyst for non-enzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Cao Xiaoqin , Kong Rongmei , Du Gu , Asiri Abdullah M. , Lu Qun , Sun Xuping
Published: February 2017

A cobalt phosphide nanowire array was grownin situon titanium mesh, exhibiting high catalytic activity towards electrooxidation of glucose, and offering a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor with remarkable selectivity and long-term stability.
Designed nanoparticle–mesoporous multilayer nanocomposites as tunable plasmonic–photonic architectures for electromagnetic field enhancement
Authors: Gazoni Rodrigo Martínez , Bellino Martín G. , Cecilia Fuertes M. , Giménez Gustavo , Soler-Illia Galo J. A. A. , Ricci María Luz Martínez
Published: February 2017

In this work we present the designed production of a highly tunable nanocomposite able to confine and enhance the electromagnetic field through the combined effects of photonic and plasmonic responses.
Host–guest composite organic microlasers
Authors: Dong Haiyun , Zhang Chunhuan , Zhao Yong Sheng
Published: February 2017

In this Review, we present the recent progress in the field of host–guest composite organic micro/nanoscale lasers, and provide our perspective on the future research interests in this area.
Efficient and controllable vapor to solid doping of the polythiophene P3HT by low temperature vapor phase infiltration
Authors: Wang Weike , Chen Chaoqiu , Tollan Christopher , Yang Fan , Qin Yong , Knez Mato
Published: February 2017

This work has demonstrated a novel and efficient way of doping P3HT by applying an ALD-derived single precursor low temperature vapor phase infiltration (VPI) process.
Glutathione-responsive paclitaxel dimer nanovesicles with high drug content
Authors: Pei Qing , Hu Xiuli , Zhou Junli , Liu Shi , Xie Zhigang
Published: February 2017

Paclitaxel dimers containing mono thioether linkers can self-assemble into hollow nanovesicles that exhibit comparable cytotoxicity to Taxol.
Design of the nanoarray pattern Fe–Ni bi-metal nanoparticles@M13 virus for the enhanced reduction of p-chloronitrobenzene through the micro-electrolysis effect
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Yu Huimin , Yang Ji , Shen Zhongyao
Published: February 2017

Novel M13 virus-supported nanoarray patterns of bi-metal nanoparticles (NPs) were designed, synthesized and used for the enhanced reduction of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) based on the micro-electrolysis effect.
Beneficial effects of apple peel polyphenols on vascular endothelial dysfunction and liver injury in high choline-fed mice
Authors: Jia Mengfan , Ren Daoyuan , Nie Yan , Yang Xingbin
Published: February 2017

APP could ameliorate HC diet-induced vascular dysfunction and hepatic injury.
CO2-Driven stereochemical inversion of sugars to create thymidine-based polycarbonates by ring-opening polymerisation
Authors: Gregory Georgina L. , Hierons Elizabeth M. , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Sharma Ram I. , Buchard Antoine
Published: February 2017

A strategy using CO2 to invert the stereochemistry and cyclise natural sugars is presented and applied towards thymidine-based polymers by ring-opening polymerisation.
Reversibility of imido-based ionic liquids: a theoretical and experimental study
Authors: Cao Bobo , Du Jiuyao , Cao Ziping , Sun Haitao , Sun Xuejun , Fu Hui
Published: February 2017

Theoretical and experimental methods were used to study the reversibility of a series of imido-based ionic liquids.
Metal–insulator–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MISFETs) using p-type SnS and nanometer-thick Al2S3 layers
Authors: Mudusu Devika , Nandanapalli Koteeswara Reddy , Dugasani Sreekantha Reddy , Karuppannan Ramesh , Kothakota Ramakrishna Reddy Gunasekhar , Erode Subramanian Raja Gopal , Park Sung Ha
Published: February 2017

SnS based MISFET devices exhibit a high turn-on voltage of +5.13 V and rectification factor of 1383@+6 V.
Surface charge switchable and core cross-linked polyurethane micelles as a reduction-triggered drug delivery system for cancer therapy
Authors: Liu Chang , Guan Yayuan , Su Yuling , Zhao Lili , Meng Fancui , Yao Yongchao , Luo Jianbin
Published: February 2017

The core cross-linked polyurethane micelles with redox sensitive and pH-responsive surface charge switchable properties were prepared by using diisocyanates as crosslinkers and studied as anticancer drug carriers.
Stepwise crystallographic visualization of dynamic guest binding in a nanoporous framework
Authors: Brunet Gabriel , Safin Damir A. , Aghaji Mohammad Z. , Robeyns Koen , Korobkov Ilia , Woo Tom K. , Murugesu Muralee
Published: February 2017

The dynamic uptake behaviour of a gaseous guest has been observed crystallographically, yielding a unique and ever-changing set of host–guest interactions that will drive the improvement of high-capacity iodine capture materials.
Recent innovative configurations in high-energy lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Liu Ming , Qin Xianying , He Yan-Bing , Li Baohua , Kang Feiyu
Published: February 2017

In this review, the recent developments of novel configurations for Li–S batteries, including hierarchical gradient cathodes, modified separators, solid-state electrolytes and lithium anode protection, are presented.
Optimal strokes for driftless swimmers: A general geometric approach
Authors: Chambrion Thomas , Giraldi Laetitia , Munnier Alexandre
Published: February 2017

Swimming consists by definition in propelling through a fluid by means of bodily movements. Thus, from a mathematical point of view, swimming turns into a control problem for which the controls are the deformations of the swimmer. The aim of this paper is to present a unified geometric approach for the optimization of the body deformations of so-called driftless swimmers. The class of driftless swimmers includes, among other, swimmers in a 3D Stokes flow (case of micro-swimmers in viscous fluids) or swimmers in a 2D or 3D potential flow. A general framework is introduced, allowing the complete analysis of five usual nonlinear optimization problems to be carried out. The results are illustrated with examples coming from the literature and with an in-depth study of a swimmer in a 2D potential flow. Numerical tests are also provided.
Tobacco Influence on Taste and Smell: Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Da Ré Allessandra , Gurgel Léia , Buffon Gabriela , Moura Weluma , Marques Vidor Deisi , Maahs Márcia
Published: February 2017

Introduction In Brazil, estimates show that 14.7% of the adult population smokes, and changes in smell and taste arising from tobacco consumption are largely present in this population, which is an aggravating factor to these dysfunctions.

Objectives The objective of this study is to systematically review the findings in the literature about the influence of smoking on smell and taste.

Data Synthesis Our research covered articles published from January 1980 to August 2014 in the following databases: MEDLINE (accessed through PubMed), LILACS, Cochrane Library, and SciELO. We conducted separate lines of research: one concerning smell and the other, taste. We analyzed all the articles that presented randomized controlled studies involving the relation between smoking and smell and taste. Articles that presented unclear methodologies and those whose main results did not target the smell or taste of the subjects were excluded. Titles and abstracts of the articles identified by the research strategy were evaluated by researchers. We included four studies, two of which were exclusively about smell: the first noted the relation between the perception of puff strength and nicotine content; the second did not find any differences in the thresholds and discriminative capacity between smokers and nonsmokers. One article considered only taste and supports the relation between smoking and flavor, another considered both sensory modalities and observes positive results toward the relation immediately after smoking cessation.

Conclusion Three of the four studies presented positive results for the researched variables.
Accuracy and Learning Curve of Femoral Tunnel Placement in Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Hiemstra Laurie , O'Brien Catherine , Lafave Mark , Kerslake Sarah
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of femoral tunnel placement in a medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFL-R) cohort. The secondary purpose was to establish the evidence of a learning curve to achieve acceptable femoral tunnel placement during MPFL-R. Two surgeons, using lateral radiographs, assessed 73 subjects post–MPFL-R. Femoral tunnel accuracy and direction of tunnel error were measured in relation to Schöttle's point (A–T distance). Interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 2,k) of these measures was calculated. Learning curve of accurate femoral tunnel placement was examined by dividing the patient cohort into quartiles. A one-way analysis of variance was used to assess the quartiles for accuracy of femoral tunnel position and surgical time. In relation to Schöttle's point, 66/73 (90.4%) femoral tunnels were categorized as being in a “good” or “excellent” position and 7/73 (9.6%) were categorized as being in a “poor” position. Evidence of an MPFL-R learning curve was established via a statistically significant difference in the mean A to T distance for the four quartiles (F [3, 69] = 6.41, p = 0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference in the surgical time for the four quartiles (F [3, 69] = 8.71, p = 0.001). In this series, accurate femoral tunnels were placed more than 90% of the time during MPFL-R. A clear learning curve for accurate femoral tunnel placement was demonstrated both with respect to distance of the tunnel from Schöttle point and with regard to surgical time. Level of evidence was IV.
Lenticulostriate Vasculopathy and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Robinson Abby , Flibotte John , Kaplan Summer , DeMauro Sara
Published: February 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of all studies that report neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months' corrected age or later for preterm infants (< 32 weeks) who are diagnosed with lenticulostriate vasculopathy (LSV) on cranial ultrasound.

Study Design This is a systematic review.

Results We identified 501 unique publications of which 3 met all prespecified eligibility criteria. Neurodevelopmental outcome data were available for 44 preterm infants with LSV. There were mixed results from the studies: the first reported impairments of mental development; the second reported impairments of motor development only; and finally, the third reported that three of three preterm infants with LSV had mild or moderate developmental delay.

Conclusion The available results raise some concern for future impairments in preterm infants with LSV, but they are conflicting and inconclusive. There is insufficient evidence about the neurodevelopmental implications of LSV in preterm infants to inform counseling of parents.
Study of Anthropometric Measurements of the Anterior Ethmoidal Artery using Three-dimensional Scanning on 300 Patients
Authors: Bortoli Vinicius , Martins Rafael , Negri Krystal
Published: February 2017

Introduction The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) is one of the main arteries that supply both the nasal mucosa and the ethmoid sinuses. The AEA shows variability regarding its distance from adjacent structures. Several studies have developed techniques to identify the AEA.

Objective This study aimed to compare the measurements from the AEA to the ethmoid bulla and to the frontal beak by using computed tomography of the face, while identifying their intraindividual and interindividual variations.

Methods We analyzed 300 CT scans of the face performed at the CT scan Center at Hospital. The average age of subjects was 36 ± 15.1 years (range 4–84).

Results We found that the average distance from the AEA to the ethmoid bulla was 17.2 ± 1.8 mm and the distance from the AEA to the frontal beak was 15.1 ± 2.2 mm. Regarding the average distance from the AEA to the frontal beak (AEA-frontal beak), there was a difference between the right and left sides, with the former being 0.4 mm higher on average than the latter. Among the age groups, there was a significant difference of distances between the AEA and the ethmoid bulla (AEA-ethmoid bulla), which were shorter in the ≤ 12 years group. There was a positive and significant correlation between both measurements analyzed, with low values (high) of AEA-ethmoid bulla distance corresponding to low values (high) of AEA-frontal beak distance.

Conclusion The measurements obtained adds anatomical knowledge that can serve as a parameter in frontal and ethmoid sinus surgery.
Clinical Features and Surgical Treatment of Schwannoma Affecting the Base of the Tongue: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sitenga Jenna , Aird Gregory , Nguyen Austin , Vaudreuil Adam , Huerter Christopher
Published: February 2017

Introduction Schwannomas of the head and neck account for 25–40% of all cases, with presentation at the base of the tongue as the most frequent site for intraoral tumors.

Objectives Here, a systematic review was conducted to include 15 cases of patients with schwannoma of the base of the tongue.

Data Synthesis Most patients presented with a single, painless, well-encapsulated nodule at the base of the tongue. These nodules were slow-growing, with an average of 13.3 months from onset to presentation. Most cases were accompanied by airway obstruction, indicated by symptoms of dysphagia, dysarthria, snoring, and sleep apnea. Overall, the histological studies were consistent with a benign schwannoma with a palisading Antoni A and Antoni B pattern without malignant changes in cell morphology. These tumors were treated via complete surgical excision, and all cases achieved full remission by final follow-up.

Conclusion Surgical removal is the primary mode of treatment with excellent postoperative prognosis and rare instances of recurrence. Given the rarity of this tumor, this review of available case studies serves to comprehensively describe clinical presentation and surgical treatment approaches to tongue base schwannoma.
Evaluation of AGA and Fukuoka Guidelines for EUS and surgical resection of incidental pancreatic cysts
Authors: Lee Alexander , Kadiyala Vivek , Lee Linda
Published: February 2017

Objectives Management of asymptomatic pancreatic cysts is challenging. Guidelines by the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) and International Association of Pancreatology (Fukuoka) seek to identify high-risk patients. We assessed performance of these guidelines in selecting patients for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and/or surgery.

Methods PART I – We retrospectively studied 143 asymptomatic cysts with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by EUS. Appropriate selection for EUS was defined as: malignant cytology or surgical pathology, or development of concerning features on MRI as defined by the guidelines. PART II – We retrospectively studied 152 resected cysts to assess the performance of guidelines in selecting cysts for surgery using malignant histology as the outcome.

Results PART I – Of 143 EUS, 43 (30.1 %) were male with median age 65.0 years (interquartile range [IQR] 58.0 – 73.0). AGA guideline demonstrated lower sensitivity (17.6 % versus 35.3 %, P = 0.03), higher specificity (94.5 % versus 66.1 %, p < 0.001), and higher accuracy (76.2 % versus 58.7 %, P = 0.002) than Fukuoka. There was no difference in positive predictive value (50.0 % versus 24.5 %, P = 0.15) and negative predictive value (78.6 % versus 76.6 %, p=0.75). PART II – Of 152 resected cysts, 45 (29.8 %) were male with median age 59.0 years (IQR 47.3 – 66.7). There was no difference in performance characteristics of the guidelines in selecting cysts for surgery. AGA and Fukuoka guidelines missed 25.0 % and 18.8 % of malignant cysts, respectively (P = 1.00).

Conclusions For referral to EUS, the AGA guideline was highly specific compared to Fukuoka; both suffered from poor sensitivity, although the Fukuoka guideline was relatively more sensitive than AGA. For referral to surgery, both guidelines have modest sensitivity and specificity and miss a similar percentage of malignant lesions.