bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação geográfica e acolhimento na Educação de Jovens, Adultos e Idosos (EJA)
Authors: De Castro Régis Tamara
Published: May 2024

Educação de Jovens, Adultos e Idosos (EJA) é uma modalidade responsável pela educação de sujeitos que não tiveram acesso à escola na idade convencionada ou que, por diversos motivos, interromperam os estudos. Ao retornarem à escola, os aspectos sociais, culturais e econômicos dos alunos, juntamente com suas histórias de vida e experiências, devem ser considerados na abordagem pedagógica da EJA, especialmente levando em conta a condição de estudante trabalhador. Partindo dessas reflexões objetivamos refletir sobre a importância da Educação Geográfica na EJA no reconhecimento e acolhimento dos estudantes e suas trajetórias. A discussão é embasada em uma prática de ensino chamada "Trajetórias Geográficas", implementada na EJA do Núcleo Sul I da Rede Municipal de Educação de Florianópolis/SC. A justificativa para essas reflexões reside na necessidade de conhecer os estudantes, compreender suas trajetórias e experiências de vida, estabelecendo vínculos que incentivem sua permanência na escola e despertem interesse, motivando-os a persistir em seus percursos educacionais. O texto se estrutura a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que aborda a dimensão do acolhimento na EJA, problematizando como a Educação Geográfica pode contribuir para essa discussão. Adicionalmente, são apresentadas reflexões sobre as potencialidades da prática de ensino "Trajetórias Geográficas" no acolhimento e na ampliação das leituras de mundo pelos estudantes.
Conservation of natural enemies of Diaphorina citri and their impact on Huanglongbing: Analysis and perspectives
Authors: Cortez-Madrigal Hipolito
Published: May 2024

Diaphorina citri is the main vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the causative agent of HLB, the most devastating citrus disease. Although the importance of biological control is recognized, insecticides are the main control tool used. Its use in citrus should be cautious, as it could interfere with the biocontrol of exotic pests already present. Diaphorina citri has a wide range of natural enemies; however, only the parasitoid Tamarixia radiata and some species of entomopathogenic fungi are used inundatively. Although the main predators of the vector occur naturally, few studies address their conservation in situ. This review supports the idea that the conservation of natural enemies should be the basis of the integrated management of D. citri and CLas. The conservation of alternate hosts, the inclusion of nectar plants, in situ conservation of parasitoids, and the autodissemination of entomopathogenic fungi are proposed. Studies carried out on conservation of natural enemies of D. citri and related pests, their probable impact on the disease, and prospects for implementation in Mexico are analyzed and discussed. The proposed strategies could enhance not only the biological control of D. citri-CLas, but also the autoregulation of citrus pests in general.
Effects of Dietary Microalgae Inclusion on Feed Utilization, Morphological and Chemical Characteristics and Body Health in Fish: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Mohammed A.A. , Al-Khamis S.
Published: May 2024

Background: Dietary microalgae inclusion in small or large amounts to fish species is considered one of the sources for improving nutritional values and productive performances throughout the world. Methods: The microalgae are classified through light and electron microscopes into four groups: blue-green, green, golden and diatoms algae. The microalgae can be cultured in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Hence, the grown microalgae biochemical analysis of pigments, proteins and carbohydrates were differed over controlled conditions. Moreover, molecular biology concerning genes and genomes enabled to study ecology, evolution and physiology of microalgae. The fascinating field of microalgae genetic engineering was applied to produce invaluable microalgae compounds as omega-3 fatty acids. The microalgae and their purified compounds were used as direct nutritional sources or as indirect contributors through improvement of water quality and reduction of stress. Result: The chemical composition of microalgae differed depending on nutrient availability for production and microalgae species. The microalgae invaluable compounds include “proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, pigments, vitamins and other bioactive constituents”. The dietary microalgae and their purified compounds have been shown to provide beneficial effects in growth performance and body health. The roles of microalgae and their constituents as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and anti-tumour materials have been well-established versus challenging problems. In this context, this review is designed to compile and discuss the advantages and disadvantages effects of microalgae on feed utilization, reproductive and therapeutic performances in fish.
DOUTRINA SOCIAL DA IGREJA E CIDADANIA: CIDADANIA EM ADELA CORTINA EM DIÁLOGO COM A “ECOLOGIA INTEGRAL”
Authors: Albuquerque Francisco das Chagas
Published: May 2024

O tema da “cidadania”, que é objeto de estudo das ciências sociais e políticas, também é tratado na Doutrina Social da Igreja. Exemplo disso é o conceito de “ecologia integral” desenvolvido na Carta encíclica Laudato si´ (2015). A análise dos dois conceitos permite uma compreensão ampliada de ambos tornando-se uma reflexão atual e relevante para o debate sobre o cuidado da casa comum e a participação das pessoas na sociedade. Neste artigo, pretende-se explicitar como a noção de cidadania dialoga com o conceito de ecologia integral, de modo que o entendimento de um e o entendimento do outro são mutuamente enriquecidos. Para tanto, serão analisadas a teoria da cidadania de A. Cortina e a visão de ecologia do pensamento social católico, destacando-se os elementos de contato e convergência entre eles. Dessa forma, explicita-se que à medida que os cidadãos e as cidadãs exercerem seus direitos, eles contribuirão para que se configurem condições favoráveis à luta por uma ecologia integral. Por outro lado, o emprenho no cuidado da casa comum implica a garantia da vida digna das pessoas como membros da sociedade.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Laudato si´. Exercício da cidadania. Sociedade civil. Casa comum. Ética social. Bem comum.
ESCATOLOGIA CRISTÃ E PRÁXIS
Authors: Alves de Oliveira Renato
Published: May 2024

O objetivo do artigo é tratar da relação entre escatologia cristã e práxis, focando na dimensão escatológica do presente. Historicamente, a escatologia clássica se ocupou do futuro absoluto e ignorou o presente histórico. A vida presente era relegada à condição de provação. A escatologia era vista como uma futurologia cristã. As teologias da práxis, na segunda metade do século XX, descobriram a dimensão escatológica do presente. A escatologia passa a ser vista como a disciplina teológica que trata das realidades últimas a partir das penúltimas. O presente histórico conquista uma visibilidade escatológica. Ocupando-se do presente, a escatologia desenvolve um aspecto crítico e libertador. A metodologia do artigo é bibliográfica em sintonia com teólogos da práxis (teologia política, da libertação e da esperança) e com os comentaristas da dimensão prática da teologia. O per- curso metodológico reflete sobre a dimensão escatológica da atividade de Jesus, a densidade escatológica do presente histórico, o aspecto escatológico das teologias da práxis e a relação entre escatologia e ética.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Escatologia. Futuro. Presente. Práxis.
TEOLOGIA HEURÍSTICA DA LIBERTAÇÃO: UMA LEITURA TEOLÓGICA DA PRÁXIS PEDAGÓGICA DE JOÃO BATISTA LIBANIO
Authors: Guimaraes Edward Neves Monteiro de Barros
Published: May 2024

As recentes transformações socioculturais e tecnológicas que impactaram e continuam a impactar a sociedade contemporânea colocam o pensar pedagógico como um dos aspectos mais desafiadores e decisivos na busca de processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Tivemos a rica oportunidade de vivenciar, no contexto acadêmico e teológico-pastoral, a práxis pedagógica de João Batista Libanio, pela qual fomos introduzidos paulatinamente no cultivo da vida intelectual. Essa práxis pode ser caracterizada como Teologia Heurística da Libertação. O método hermenêutico heurístico libertador engendrado por esse teólogo brasileiro contribui significativamente em nossa busca de resposta aos desafios e urgências de repensar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem hodierno. Por sua originalidade e dinâmica criativa, tanto para o professor-orientador quanto para o estudante-orientando, por sua relevância teórica e prática, essa práxis pedagógica centrada na conquista da autonomia de cada sujeito aprendende, revela-se precioso filão de pesquisa e debate. Ao longo de nossa pesquisa de doutorado, nos debruçamos sobre o vasto legado intelectual desse renomado teólogo jesuíta, com foco em sua práxis pedagógica consignada no bojo do pensar-fazer-ensinar teologia. Neste artigo, objetivamos explicitar as origens, o conceito, as características e os processos pedagógicos impulsionados pela teologia heurística da libertação de João Batista Libanio. Ele está organizado em três partes: na primeira, recolhe-se algumas “percepções pedagógicas” decisivas que ofereceram ao teólogo brasileiro as bases para a elaboração e consolidação de seu método pedagógico inovador; na segunda, apresentamos o processo de engendramento e a caracterização do método hermenêutico heurístico libertador por ele forjado e utilizado, e, por fim, na última parte, explicitamos o sentido de considerarmos essa práxis pedagógica como Teologia Heurística da Libertação.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Teologia da libertação. Pedagogia. João Batista Libanio. Mé­todo hermenêutico heurístico libertador. Teologia heurística da libertação.
PERSPECTIVAS METODOLÓGICAS PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES A PARTIR DE JOÃO BATISTA LIBANIO PARA ESTUDOS DAS CIÊNCIAS DA RELIGIÃO E TEOLOGIA
Authors: Panasiewicz Roberlei
Published: May 2024

No mundo acadêmico, o desafio da pesquisa e da criatividade ronda a mente dos pesquisadores. A tecnologia tem facilitado aspectos dessa realidade. Porém, para uma boa parte e, sobretudo, para iniciantes, a construção do conhecimento mantém suas exigências. João Batista Libanio foi um teólogo que teve atenção e cuidado e procurou ser um facilitador desse processo, tanto em suas orientações quanto em seus escritos. Como construir conhecimento de forma autônoma? Ele foi estimulador de habilidades para que se desenvolvesse o método heurístico do conhecimento. Há passos a inserir nesse processo do pesquisar, eis o objetivo desta reflexão: compartilhar a experiência da relação mestre-discípulo, bem como de seus escritos, de forma a propiciar que os interessados, particularmente da área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia, desenvolvam a sua arte de construir conhecimento. Este texto não somente reflete como também propicia a manutenção metodológica da relação teoria e prática no processo e na arte de construir e compartilhar conhecimento.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: João Batista Libanio. Método heurístico. Construção do conhecimento. Pesquisa científica.
A FILOSOFIA FOUCAULTIANA: UM CONVITE À EXPERIÊNCIA DE PENSAMENTO (AUTO)CRÍTICO
Authors: Oliveira Renato Carvalho de , Sureki Luiz Carlos
Published: May 2024

Michel Foucault desafia qualquer tentativa de ser reduzido a definições simplistas. Fazer uma saudosa memória por ocasião dos 40 anos de sua morte não pode se resumir a uma apresentação estática de sua vida e obra. É imperioso ressaltar o vigor, o dinamismo interno de seu pensamento filosófico. A filosofia de Foucault é um sincero convite dirigido a todos nós para fazermos uma verdadeira experiência de pensar, a voltar-nos para nós mesmos para refletir criticamente sobre as formas de poder pelas quais fomos e somos constituídos, buscando a possibilidade de imaginar novas formas de ser e de nos relacionar com o mundo. Partindo das impressões sobre o legado de Foucault, apresentamos algumas interpretações de sua filosofia no intuito de ressaltar a beleza e a importância daquela experiência de pensar que gera novas interpretações e assegura a vital relevância da filosofia.
Palavras-chave: Michel Foucault. Método Genealógico. Analítica do Poder. Experiência Filosófica.
BIOPOLÍTICA DAS DROGAS: RACISMO E ENCARCERAMENTO EM MASSA NO BRASIL CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Farias André Brayner de
Published: May 2024

O artigo propõe uma análise da política de drogas no Brasil à luz das teorias biopolíticas de Michel Foucault. A análise elege dois aspectos da genealogia foucaultiana que são centrais para entender a relação entre guerra às drogas, racismo e encarceramento em massa: a coextensividade entre guerra e política e o racismo como dispositivo de seleção da população. Entendemos, entretanto, que a perspectiva de Foucault não é sufi ciente para uma genealogia das relações de poder aplicada ao Brasil. É preciso assumir uma crítica de estilo decolonial. Nesse sentido invocamos a noção de necropolítica, de Achille Mbembe, que pensamos ser mais adequada ao enquadramento da biopolítica produzida em nosso país. No que diz respeito à política de drogas, estudaremos o caso da maconha no Brasil. Nosso objetivo principal é revelar os interesses do proibicionismo brasileiro, entendendo a guerra às drogas como um fracasso político que, no entanto, mostra-se bem-sucedido no quadro geral do projeto histórico do Brasil.
Palavras-chave: Biopolítica. Guerra às drogas. Racismo. Encarceramento.
Analysis of the Need for Development of a Virtual Space for Student Guidance and Counseling
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Zamroni  , Rizka Apriani  , Fajarianto Otto , Abdul Wahat Nor Wahiza
Published: May 2024

This research aims to develop an innovative virtual space for academic guidance as a means of increasing student competency. The development method involves interactive design and the integration of information technology to create an engaging and effective learning environment. In addition, this research will evaluate the impact of using this virtual space on improving students' academic skills, as well as analyzing their perceptions and experiences during the guidance process. It is hoped that the results of this research can make a significant contribution to the development of innovative academic guidance methods and support increasing student competence in this digital era.
The Analysis of Students Needed in Digital Teaching Media
Authors: Sartika Septi Budi , Suyidno  , Akbar Wiguna
Published: May 2024

Digital teaching media has become an integral part of education in the industrial era 4.0, but most schools have not facilitated it properly. This study aims to analyze students' needs for digital learning media. This study is a cross-sectional survey research, where 661 junior high school students in East Java were involved in filling out a digital teaching media needs survey questionnaire. Based on the results of the analysis, digital learning media is needed by students, especially to make it easier for them to learn science material, make learning more fun, and increase motivation and science learning outcomes. Thus, the media needs to be implemented at the education level.
Effect Size of General English Modules Development through MPI + R Model on the Lecturer Professionalism
Authors: Roslina  , Hanna  , Lio Asrun , Nasrul
Published: May 2024

Previous studies on General English (GE) showed that the challenge to lecturer professionalism is the issue of providing teaching materials. While Instructional Design provided pedagogic activities, so the General English Modul development through Model Pengembangan Instruksional (MPI) + Revalidation (R) was propose to be an alternative solution. For that reason, a case study with an experimental design done to measure the effect size of MPI + R on the lecturers professionalism development.  Under one goup pre and post test design, three GE Lecturers at Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka (USN Kolaka) involved in GE module development through ID model MPI + R . The development phase done during September 2022 to Mey 2023. The data collected by using Danielson Teaching Framework Instrument and the effect size calculated by nonparametric and Cohen-D test. The effect size calculation showed that the ID model MPI + R has a great effect on the lecturer professionalism.  It can be concluded that MPI + R is able to be an alternative solution for lecturer professionalism development.
Implementation of the GELIS Program in the School Literacy Movement at Elementary School
Authors: Rahayu Winanjar , Suyono  , Radeni Sukma Indra Dewi  , Slamet Arifin
Published: May 2024

The school literacy movement has become an important focus for improving the quality of education in Indonesia. One of the problems that contributes to the decline in students' understanding of the learning process is the low interest in reading among students in Indonesia. This research involved 15 elementary school teachers and three main literacy figures. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the GELIS (School Literacy Movement) program in elementary schools. This research uses the CIPP approach, and this type of research is called descriptive evaluation. Data collection was mainly carried out through surveys, which included observation, interviews, and distributing questionnaires to research participants. The findings show that the implementation of the program was carried out using methods and strategies, namely preliminary studies, objectives, and division into several aspects of literacy, namely habituation, development, and learning programs. The results of the CIPP evaluation show that the context is in accordance with the objectives of character building and increasing student literacy, the input uses standard facilities and infrastructure but needs improvements in aspects of teacher resources, and the process is in line with expectations. The planning stages and sorting activities based on aspects and products had a positive impact, namely increasing literacy for both students and teachers, with an increase in the percentage of those in the category who "always" read a book for 15 minutes from 21.4% to 92%. And for teachers in the "always" category, the indicator of finding literacy teaching methods is effective from 7.14%, rising to 92%.
Giovanni Catapano, Cecilia Martini (eds.), La filosofia nelle opere di Dante / Philosophy in Dante’s Works, Il Poligrafo, Padova 2021 (Medioevo. Rivista di storia della filosofia medievale, 46), 328 pp., ISBN: 9788893871983.
Authors: Vorcelli Marco
Published: May 2024

Review of:
Giovanni Catapano, Cecilia Martini (eds.), La filosofia nelle opere di Dante / Philosophy in Dante’s Works, Il Poligrafo, Padova 2021 (Medioevo. Rivista di storia della filosofia medievale, 46), 328 pp., ISBN: 9788893871983.
Al-Fārābī, L’uno e l’unità. Introduzione, testo arabo, traduzione e commento di Cecilia Martini Bonadeo con Sara Abram, Luca Farina, Giovanni Mandolino, Marianna Zarantonello, Pisa University Press, Pisa 2023 (Series Greco, Arabo, Latino. Le vie del sapere. Testi 6), VIII + 262 pp., ISBN: 9788833397238.
Authors: Druart Thérèse Anne
Published: May 2024

Review of:
Al-Fārābī, L’uno e l’unità. Introduzione, testo arabo, traduzione e commento di Cecilia Martini Bonadeo con Sara Abram, Luca Farina, Giovanni Mandolino, Marianna Zarantonello, Pisa University Press, Pisa 2023 (Series Greco, Arabo, Latino. Le vie del sapere. Testi 6), VIII + 262 pp., ISBN: 9788833397238.
The Elementary Particles: A Computational Stylometric Inquiry into the Mediaeval Greek-Latin Aristotle
Authors: Beullens Pieter , Haverals Wouter , Nagy Ben
Published: May 2024

This essay investigates the potential of computational stylometry to identify translators of 12th- and 13th-century translations of treatises from Greek into Latin. These treatises contain philosophical, theological, and scientific contents by Aristotle and other authors. First, the parallels between traditional lines of research in the study of mediaeval Latin translations and of computational stylometry in general are outlined. Building on the foundations of traditional philology, we then present an innovative method for the identification of translators. The method is carefully evaluated, based on a corpus of thirty-seven Latin texts attributed to six different translators of Aristotelian and other treatises. As a case study, we reconsider the unresolved attributions of two different 13th-century Latin translations of Aristotle’s Rhetoric.
Gli studi ovidiani di Michelangelo Picone
Authors: Rosati Gianpiero
Published: May 2024

Questa breve conversazione, seguita dagli interventi del pubblico presente (anche da collegamento online), fu tenuta nella sala Tamagni di San Gimignano, per iniziativa dell’Assessorato alla Cultura del Comune in collaborazione con il Centro Internazionale di studi sul Religioso Contemporaneo, il lunedì 24 aprile 2023 (giorno anniversario della scomparsa di Michelangelo Picone a Tempe, Arizona, nel 2009).
A Note on Two Works of George of Trebizond Edited by John Monfasani
Authors: Burzelli Luca , Saccenti Riccardo
Published: May 2024

Review article of:
Vindicatio Aristotelis. Two Works of George Trebizond in the Plato-Aristotle Controversy of the Fifteenth Century, ed. and transl. John Monfasani, Arizona Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Tempe (Arizona) 2021 (Medieval and Renaissance Text and Studies, 573).
A New Encompassing Theory of Science in Ibn Sīnā
Authors: Janssens Jules
Published: May 2024

Review article of:
Riccardo Strobino, Avicenna’s Theory of Science. Logic, Metaphysics, Epistemology, University of California Press, Oakland (California) 2021.
Guest Editorial: Keys to Successful Implementation of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Gully Ben
Published: May 2024

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Energy is the number one cost of producing oil. Batteries offer new capabilities for reducing those costs and are one of the rare cases where we can improve both efficiency and capability. But what is critical for ensuring those benefits is the correct implementation and utilization of the technology.

Batteries provide the greatest ROI when they are used directly alongside a primary power source—whether that is a diesel generator, gas engine, solar panel, utility-scale power plant, etc. Clearly a battery requires some method of charging, but the notion that a ‘hybrid’ approach likely makes the most sense is increasingly commonplace.

However, it is easy to build a bad hybrid. Simply adding a battery onto an existing power system can result in a large capital expense with near zero benefit. Or the implementation of a battery could increase capability, reliability, and efficiency. Ensuring the latter of those two outcomes requires understanding three critical elements: the battery itself, the overall objectives, and the operational profile.

What To Understand About the Battery

Unsurprisingly, it is beneficial to increase one’s familiarity with the battery itself. The important thing to understand is that, from the standpoint of system level performance, batteries are fraught with tradeoffs. Of all the performance qualities of a battery—power, energy, weight, volume, cost, cycle life, safety—there is rarely any benefit to be gained in one aspect without sacrifice in at least one other.

This is why it is important to match the needs of the application to a battery with the corresponding capabilities. On top of that, factors such as quality, thermal management, and the Battery Management System (BMS) will determine the ability of the system to deliver the performance that is promised on the spec sheet in the real world.

Some of the most fundamental factors that must be considered in initial battery technology selection are power, energy, cycle life, and cost. Power and energy are intertwined and drive some of the most basic capabilities. They are also in direct tradeoff with each other—an increase in energy density almost always comes with a decrease in power density and vice versa.

Assessing battery lifetime is complex, and battery technologies are available today that can easily perform tens of thousands of cycles, while many are rated for less than 1,000 cycles. Ultimately, lifetime will be determined by how the battery is operated in the field.

The fact that cost is another critical factor certainly comes as no surprise. However, what is critical is not to be overly focused on cost, particularly in terms of $/kWh. Cost should be evaluated in terms of total cost of ownership over the lifetime.
Technology Focus: Deepwater Fields (May 2024)
Authors: Alwazzan Amir
Published: May 2024

Without belittling our industry’s work to arrest climate change, the fact remains that relentless global efforts to secure energy during the past 4 decades have led to only a 7% reduction in the contribution of fossil fuels to the global energy supply.

In light of the historic outcomes of COP28 and the stringent agreement of 198 countries to steer away from fossil fuels, it is evident that today’s oil and gas industry is at a crossroads and in an unprecedented race with time to address the trilemma to develop a progressive multitier energy model to balance transitioning to a low-carbon industry with maintaining production and fortifying its commitment to a sustainable future.

Empowering, leveraging, and capitalizing on the current investments of our industry in the rapidly developing technologies that are revolutionizing both the renewable and fossil-fuel landscapes are exigently and prudently needed to reach this cornerstone goal. These technologies—such as carbon capture, use, and storage; winds; hydrogen; bioenergy; and geothermal—form more than 28% of the total energy consumption targeted to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 2050 and have a close affinity to the existing resources of the oil and gas industry.

Deepwater offshore developments have always been the forefront projects of the industry. After about a decade of fragile outlook and waning investment in these ventures, the trend is showing a dynamic rise since 2022 based on the number of sanctioned projects worldwide and the associated annual capital of more than $200 billion. This is a remarkable affirmation of the resilience of these assets and the confidence in a greener, safer, and more cost-effective future of the industry in general.

Rigorous engineering remains the key platform to accomplish the dizzying array of complex work on a daily basis and the linchpin in elevating the performance of deepwater projects from acquisition to abandonment. Opportunity still abounds for the operators of these assets to thrive and endure for the upcoming decades through advancing engineering prowess, bolstering their assets’ designs and operability, and collaborating with counterparts on potential synergies. These are prudent measures to appraise and invest in well-grounded solutions in order to harness the full potential of deepwater developments and improve their operational and overall efficiencies.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 217802 Fracturing 30,000-ft Wells in Deepwater—Planning and Execution Learnings From the Gulf of Mexico by K.F. Lizak, Shell, et al.

OTC 32808 Validation of a Completion Digital Twin Applied to Packer Setting by L.A. Oliveira, Engineering Simulation and Scientific Software, et al.

SPE 217277 Methane Recovery With Carbon Dioxide Sequestration as Hydrates in Deep Marine Environments: An Extensive Examination of Potential, Technical Advancements, and Economic Feasibility by Saket Kumar Shrivastava, SLB, et al.
Strengthening accountability for TB policy implementation in South Africa: perspectives from policymakers, civil society and communities
Authors: Westhuizen Helene-Mari , Giddy Janet , Coetzee Renier , Makanda Goodman , Tisile Phumeza , Galloway Michelle , Bunyula Siyavuya , Schoeman Ingrid , Nathavitharana Ruvandhi R.
Published: May 2024

Background
Translating health policy into effective implementation is a core priority for responding effectively to the TB crisis. The national TB Recovery Plan was developed in response to the negative impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on TB care in South Africa. We aimed to explore the implementation of the TB Recovery Plan and develop recommendations for strengthening accountability for policy implementation for this and future TB policies.
Methods
We interviewed 24 participants working on or impacted by TB policy implementation in South Africa. This included perspectives from national, provincial, and local health department representatives, civil society, and community representatives. In-depth interviews were conducted in English and isiXhosa and we drew on reflexive thematic methods for analysis.
Results
Implementation of the TB Recovery Plan predominantly used a top-down approach to implementation (cascading from national policy to local implementers) but experienced bottlenecks at provincial level. Civil society organisations were concerned about the lack of provincial implementation data which impeded advocacy for better accountability. There was strong interest in community-led monitoring for local TB policy implementation from community representatives. Participants recommended broader multi-stakeholder engagement regarding TB as a public health priority and on new policies in the development and implementation phases.
Conclusion
Communities affected by TB, with the support of civil society organisations, could play a bigger role in monitoring policy implementation at local level and need to be capacitated to do this. This bottom-up approach could complement existing top-down strategies and contribute to greater accountability for TB policy implementation.
Symmetrical Drug-Related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema (SDRIFE) with amoxicillin: A case report unveiling the Flare-Up Mystery
Authors: Letón-Cabanillas Patricia , Jover-Walsh Alejandra , Aray Gabriela , Noguerado-Mellado Blanca , Rojas-Pérez-Ezquerra Patricia
Published: May 2024

Background: Symmetrical Drug-Related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema (SDRIFE) is a rare cutaneous reaction associated with medication exposure, characterized by symmetrical erythema and edema in intertriginous and flexural areas, often triggered by drugs.
Case presentation: This case report describes a 40-year-old male who developed Symmetrical Drug-Related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema (SDRIFE) after taking amoxicillin. Allergy testing revealed negative intradermal tests initially, a positive drug provocation test with amoxicillin and penicillin, suggesting cross-reactivity between the β-lactam antibiotics. Interestingly, subsequently to the last provocation the intradermal test with penicillin switched to positive showing a flare-up phenomenon.
Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of thorough allergy evaluation, including drug provocation testing, to guide safe antibiotic treatment.
Exploration & Outcomes of Emergency Use Authorization during the
COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
Authors: Simran Simran , Dushant Sabanis Chetan , Ramesh Joga , Kumar Sandeep
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 emergency built pressure on US regulatory bodies to unlock the optional and short pathway of approval for urgently required
pharmaceuticals to accomplish population demand for medicinal products within the shortest possible time to limit the suffering and deaths
associated with insufficiency of medicinal products in need. During the pandemic, many medicinal products got emergency use authorization
(EUA) according to the EUA guidelines provided by the US Food Drug Administration (USFDA). The requirement of abbreviated data submission
for EUA attracted many pharmaceutical companies to launch their products as investigational drugs. Clinical data collected from the population is
also permitted to get final approval. Comirnaty and Remdesivir got full approval using this regulatory tool. EUA does not ensure the existence of
the medicinal product for an extended period. Whenever the emergency is over or the products are no longer needed, the USFDA revokes those
according to their legislation. However, after Hydroxychloroquine phosphate and chloroquine sulfate were revoked due to failure to show efficacy,
it grabbed the attention of many healthcare stakeholders in the country. It demanded more transparency in the approval pathway of present EUA
guidelines. Two attributes, i.e., Current Good Manufacturing Practice exemption and expiry date extension, affect the quality of the medicinal
products used during the pandemic. The most critical product distribution data, voluntary in EUA, remarkably endorse the black-marketing and
shortage of specific COVID-19-related medicinal products in the pandemic situation. Amendments to the existing guidelines minimize the
upcoming public health risk.
Прогностична оцінка впливу хемокіну CD54 на перебіг діабетичної ретинопатії
Authors: Rybachuk O.V.
Published: May 2024

Актуальність. Клінічні дослідження свідчать про збільшення рівня прозапальних цитокінів, хемокінів, фактора росту ендотелію судин і молекул адгезії як у системному, так і в локальному середовищі в пацієнтів з діабетичними ушкодженнями сітківки. Повідомляється про експресію судинних клітинних молекул адгезії при діабетичній ретинопатії (ДР). На сьогодні прогностична оцінка різних адгезивних молекул, зокрема молекули міжклітинної адгезії (Cluster of Differentiation, CD54), у хворих із ДР обмежена недостатньою кількістю опублікованих даних. Мета роботи полягала в розробці математичної моделі оцінки ризику прогресування діабетичної ретинопатії у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу за участі CD54. Матеріали та методи. Проведено відкрите одноцентрове одномоментне вибіркове спостережне дослідження із залученням дорослих хворих на ЦД 2-го типу і ДР. Дослідження проведено в 132 осіб, з них пацієнтів із ДР було 82 (148 очей) (чоловіків — 28, жінок — 54, середній вік — 64,41 ± 1,18 року (min — 25, max — 84), середній стаж діабету — 15,54 ± 0,83 року (min — 1, max — 35), середній рівень HbA1c — 9,17 ± 0,22 % (min — 5,4, max — 16,5)). Офтальмологічне обстеження включало візометрію, периметрію, рефрактометрію, тонометрію, біомікроскопію, гоніоскопію, офтальмоскопію, оптичну когерентну томографію. Концентрацію CD54 у сироватці крові визначали імуноферментним аналізом. Статистичний аналіз включав однофакторний і багатофакторний дисперсійний аналіз і регресійний аналіз. Використовували параметричний F-критерій Фішера або непараметричний критерій Крускала — Уолліса. Адекватність розрахованої моделі оцінювалася методом побудови кривої операційних характеристик (Receiver Operating Characteristic curve — ROC-кривої) за площею під кривою (Area Under the Curve — AUC), розраховували 95% довірчий інтервал (ДІ). Відмінності вважали статистично значущими при р < 0,05. Результати. Виявлено вірогідне збільшення концентрації CD54 у сироватці крові в групі хворих на ЦД 2-го типу і ДР порівняно з контролем (р < 0,001). Показано, що при стандартизації за концентрацією CD54 у сироватці крові, рівнем HbA1c, видом цукрознижувальної терапії виявлено вірогідне зниження (p = 0,006) ризику проліферативної стадії ДР при зростанні гостроти зору на кожні 0,1 од. (СШ = 0,45 (95% ДІ 0,25–0,79)). Висновки. Чутливість розрахованої математичної моделі оцінки ризику прогресування діабетичної ретинопатії у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу становить 91,7 % (95% ДІ 61,5–99,9 %), специфічність — 80,0 % (95% ДІ 68,74–88,6 %).
Single-Dose Oral Toxicity Study of Chloroform Extract of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Leaves in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769)
Authors: Fitria Laksmindra , Meidianing Maura Indria , Sanjaya Wilda Bunga Tina , Gunawan Isma Cahya Putri
Published: May 2024

Leaves of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) are commonly used as a seasoning in various Indonesian and Southeast Asian dishes. Phytochemical studies reported various secondary metabolites that possess medicinal properties. Before exploring their potential as therapeutic agent, a series of toxicity studies must be conducted to assess the toxicity and safety levels. This research aimed to study the single-dose acute oral toxicity of chloroform extract of kaffir lime leaves (CECHL) in female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as experimental animals. The procedure followed OECD Test Guideline No.420 with the dose 2000 mg/kg bw for 14 days (Sighting study). Parameters consisted of mortality, clinical signs of sublethal effect based on changes in general appearance and daily activity/behavior, hematological profile, and blood clinical biochemistry. Neither mortality nor sublethal effects were found during the experiment. All blood parameter values (erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes, ALT, AST, creatinine, BUN, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides) were within reference interval, indicating that CECHL is not harmful to normal physiology. In conclusion, single-dose oral administration of CECHL is safe, no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) at dose 2000 mg/kg bw or included in Category 5 based on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).
Karakter Fenotip dan Koefisien Inbreeding pada Ayam F5 Golden Kamper (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Authors: Elysia Mutiara Azizah  , Daryono Budi Setiadi
Published: May 2024

Ayam Golden Kamper merupakan ayam hasil persilangan antara ayam pelung dan ayam layer (petelur) yang memiliki produktivitas daging dan telur yang baik. Saat ini, Golden Kamper telah mencapai generasi kelima (F5 Golden Kamper). Karakter fenotipe ayam F5 Golden Kamper perlu dipelajari untuk mengetahui pewarisan karakter dari tetuanya yaitu F4 Golden Kamper. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakter fenotip ayam F5 Golden Kamper dan menentukan nilai koefisien inbreeding ayam F5 Golden Kamper. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara hibridisasi ayam betina dan ayam jantan F4 Golden Kamper, pemeliharaan DOC, pengambilan telur, pengambilan data fenotipe, dan menghitung nilai koefisien inbreeding ayam F5 Golden Kamper. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan F5 Golden Kamper memiliki warna ceker putih dan kuning, bulu coklat keemasan dan hitam coklat, dan jengger berbentuk tunggal. Nilai koefisien inbreeding yang diperoleh sebesar 0,375. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa individu ayam F5 Golden Kamper memiliki keseragaman genetik yang rendah dalam suatu populasi.
PHARMACEUTICAL AUDIT PROCESS, OUTCOMES, AND IMPLICATIONS–OVERVIEW
Authors: R. K. KRUTHIKA , MISHRA SANGITHA , M. ARJUN , VENKATESH M. P.
Published: May 2024

The audit process is a crucial component of regulatory compliance and quality assurance in both the United States of America (USA) and the European Union (EU). This review paper compares and analyses the audit processes, results, and ramifications in these two important markets.
The study investigates how pharmaceutical audits affect patients’ trust, market stability, and profitability of a company while highlighting the need for adherence to quality standards. Data integrity, supply chain complexity, and adherence to exacting quality standards are just a few of the notable difficulties faced by auditors in the USA and EU. There is a need to have a strong pharmacovigilance system as well to guarantee the security and effectiveness of pharmaceutical products for patients.
This study can be useful reference material for stakeholders, decision-makers, and companies looking to increase accountability, reduce risks, and uphold the integrity of a firm’s operations in the global market. A thorough analysis of audit procedures in the USA and EU will facilitate in promotion of effective and efficient manufacturing, control, and distribution of pharmaceutical products while boosting confidence among patients and in the healthcare system as a whole.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF NANOEMULSION OF SMILAX CHINA FOR ANTI-PSORIASIS ACTIVITY
Authors: BODKE VISHAL , KUMBHAR PRADNYA , BELWALKAR SHREEYA , MALI AKASH S. , WAGHMARE KARISHMA
Published: May 2024

Objective: The present investigation aimed to prepare a smilax china loaded nanoemulsion using tween 80 as a surfactant and propylene glycol as a co-surfactant. Formulation of such drugs in nanoparticulate drug delivery will be advantageous for reducing dosing frequency, longer residence time, improved permeation, and patient compliance.
Methods: High-speed homogenization method. The smilax china oil was prepared by collecting the extract of smilax china leaves into the coconut oil and then used as a solvent. The authentication studies of smilax china and coconut oil were evaluated for their organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics. The quantitative estimation and pre-formulation study of quercetin was carried out which has major anti-psoriatic properties. Surfactant and co-surfactant were selected and the solubility studies of oil and Surfactants were done. The nanoemulsion was characterized by particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency (%).
Results: This nanoemulsion provides the particle size and entrapment efficiency range between 80.52 to 89.78 nm and 68.66 to 70.16 % respectively. Batch SC1 showed the lowest particle size, PDI, and optimized drug entrapment effectiveness (%), indicating good particle size consistency within the remaining formulation batches. The optimized formulation SC 1 was found to be stable for 90 d.
Conclusion: The formulated nanoemulsion showed significant antipsoriasis activity due to the presence of quercetin which has a rhetorical yield of 1.066 mg per 5 gm powder of smilax china leaves. Formulated smilax china-loaded nanoemulsion, has the potential as an effective antipsoriasis agent with a good spreading property with faster absorption which is beneficial for reducing drug concentration with maximum therapeutic effect.
Precision Farming: A Review of Methods, Technologies, and Future Prospects
Authors: Kushwaha Manish , Singh Shankar , Singh Vijay , Dwivedi Shashank
Published: May 2024

Precision farming, often referred to as precision agriculture, is a farming management concept that seeks to maximize agricultural operations via the use of technology in order to achieve greater levels of efficiency, production, and conservation of resources. The purpose of this survey study is to offer an overview of precision farming, including topics such as its fundamentals, methodologies, technology, and applications. It investigates the role that a variety of technologies, including global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, and sensor technology, play in making it possible to implement precision agricultural methods. In addition, it addresses the advantages, disadvantages, and potential future applications of precision farming in the context of solving issues related to the sustainability of agriculture and the security of food supplies on a worldwide scale.
TEACHING TECHNICAL VOCABULARY: ARE MATCHING EXERCISES THE THING OF THE PAST?
Authors: Lyu Evgueniya
Published: May 2024

This article examines the effectiveness of matching exercises as a method for teaching technical vocabulary within an ESP context. More specifically, it investigates the advantages of matching exercises in terms of their efficiency to help students acquire technical vocabulary, students’ perception of their efficiency, and student motivation, and compares the impact of modality on the aforementioned elements. The research describes two versions of an experiment conducted over two academic years on psychology students. Whereas written definitions were used in the first version, in the second version, definitions were presented in an oral form. The data were collected through questionnaires administered at the end of the class. The results indicate that matching exercises are, indeed, a valuable tool for the study of technical vocabulary, particularly receptive vocabulary. The participants generally evaluated the matching exercises as useful for vocabulary acquisition although their motivation towards such exercises was moderate. Moreover, the visual modality consistently outperformed the auditory modality in terms of efficiency, student perception, and student motivation. Despite some limitations, this study highlights the potential of matching exercises in teaching technical vocabulary. Matching exercises can serve as effective supplementary activities in ESP classes, allowing students to enhance their grasp of specialised language.
WHY ARE WE FLIPPING? AN EXPLORATION OF THE REASONS FOR IMPLEMENTING FLIPPED LEARNING AND ITS PERCEIVED IMPLICATIONS IN AN ONLINE ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES PRESESSIONAL COURSE
Authors: Villegas Paula
Published: May 2024

Presessional courses are designed to help learners develop the necessary language and academic skills to succeed in their higher education journey. Despite this common overarching goal, these courses vary in the degree of disciplinary specificity, duration and pedagogical underpinnings. One pedagogical underpinning used to varying degrees is flipped learning (FL). FL is a relatively novel pedagogical approach which has informed the development of the presessional object of study. This small-scale study aims to gain a better understanding of why course designers, course developers and course coordinators, decide to implement FL, along with its pedagogical implications. Through the use of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, it is shown how although FL was first adopted as a response to practical constraints, the pedagogical benefits, such as fostering students’ autonomy and maximising classroom time, translated into its formal adoption in further iterations of the course. Results also show the practical implications of adopting FL following a top-down approach. This article also shows how FL can be combined with other approaches such as TBL or TEL. Based on the data generated, this article argues for FL to be part of the eclectic pedagogical repertoire that nurtures EAP.
DIFFERENTIATING E-LEARNING CONTENT IN ESL COURSES TO MEET SPECIAL NEEDS OF STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES
Authors: Domorovskaya Olga
Published: May 2024

Dyslexia is a special need more than a reading difficulty considered along with the notion of language aptitude regarded as a cluster of cognitive factors related to language learning. This paper reports on a study that focused on special learning needs of students with reading and writing difficulties or dyslexia who take English as a compulsory course at the institutions of tertiary education in Russia. The study was guided by understanding that differentiating the content, the process, the product, and the learning environment can be effective for achieving the educational goals of students struggling with foreign language learning. It involved 320 tertiary education students who took an online self-study English language course with differentiated content, to identify their special learning needs and difficulties in English language learning. The Learning Management System analytics was conducted, and the results of engagement and success rates of the students completing the tasks with or without differentiated content were compared. The findings of the study demonstrate students’ higher engagement and success rates when working with differentiated content since it provides options for completion, choosing one’s way to present the results, and to complete the course assignments.
HYBRID ESP COURSES AS A PART OF AN INCLUSIVE ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Stefanova Albena
Published: May 2024

Against the backdrop of societal changes, technological advance and developments in pedagogical methodology, inclusion and modern education can be considered in terms of learning modes and language teaching. Hence the article presents a study of the students’ and faculty’s attitudes and perceptions to hybrid academic ESP courses. A survey was conducted in 2023 at a Bulgarian university and its results are discussed with regard to course design and the introduction of inclusive and innovative practices that lead to increased involvement, motivation and opportunities for learning in an academic context.