bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies for launching streaming content: Assessing movie-country relatedness and its impact on international popularity
Authors: Lee Changjun , Ji Sung Wook
Published: June 2024

The study proposes a way to measure the relatedness between countries and movies (movie—country relatedness density) and to test whether this relatedness is an important factor in predicting the popularity of a movie in a certain country. The results show that both movie—country relatedness density and movie ubiquity (i.e., popularity across many countries) are positively associated with a movie appearing in a country’s top 20 list even after considering other covariates. Based on these findings, we suggest an OTT (Over-the-tops) movie launching strategy with regard to movie—country relatedness density for both global and local OTT companies. Our study contributes to a growing body of research on movie consumption patterns and provides insights into the factors that determine a movie’s success on a global scale. The importance of cultural similarity in adopting films and television shows is widely recognized, but the concept of movie—country compatibility is introduced to take into account the content attributes that cannot be explained by cultural differences. The results suggest that movies that are related to other popular movies in a given country and movies that are popular across many countries are more likely to appear in a country’s top 20 list.
Designing target trials using electronic health records: A case study of second-line disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and cardiovascular disease outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Rivera Adovich S. , Pierce Jacob B. , Sinha Arjun , Pawlowski Anna E. , Lloyd-Jones Donald M. , Lee Yvonne C. , Feinstein Matthew J. , Petito Lucia C.
Published: June 2024

Background

Emulation of the “target trial” (TT), a hypothetical pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT), using observational data can be used to mitigate issues commonly encountered in comparative effectiveness research (CER) when randomized trials are not logistically, ethically, or financially feasible. However, cardiovascular (CV) health research has been slow to adopt TT emulation. Here, we demonstrate the design and analysis of a TT emulation using electronic health records to study the comparative effectiveness of the addition of a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) to a regimen of methotrexate on CV events among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods

We used data from an electronic medical records-based cohort of RA patients from Northwestern Medicine to emulate the TT. Follow-up began 3 months after initial prescription of MTX (2000–2020) and included all available follow-up through June 30, 2020. Weighted pooled logistic regression was used to estimate differences in CVD risk and survival. Cloning was used to handle immortal time bias and weights to improve baseline and time-varying covariate imbalance.

Results

We identified 659 eligible people with RA with average follow-up of 46 months and 31 MACE events. The month 24 adjusted risk difference for MACE comparing initiation vs non-initiation of a DMARD was -1.47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -4.74, 1.95%), and the marginal hazard ratio (HR) was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.23). In analyses subject to immortal time bias, the HR was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.29–1.44).

Conclusion

In this sample, we did not observe evidence of differences in risk of MACE, a finding that is compatible with previously published meta-analyses of RCTs. Thoughtful application of the TT framework provides opportunities to conduct CER in observational data. Benchmarking results of observational analyses to previously published RCTs can lend credibility to interpretation.
The Warrior, the Voyager, and the Artist: Three Lives in an Age of Empire, Kate Fullagar (2020)
Authors: Waldroup Heather
Published: June 2024

Review of: The Warrior, the Voyager, and the Artist: Three Lives in an Age of Empire, Kate Fullagar (2020)

New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 320 pp.,

ISBN 978 0 30024 306 2 (hbk), US$44
Influence of supplemental choline on milk yield, fatty acid profile, and weight changes in postpartum ewes and their offspring
Authors: Crosby-Galvan María M. , Mendoza German D. , Hernández-García Pedro A. , Martínez-García José Antonio , Vázquez-Valladolid Anayeli , Cifuentes-López Rubén Oswaldo , Lee-Rangel Héctor A.
Published: June 2024

Background and Aim: The most intensive nutritional requirements occur during milk production’s peak. Ewe milk contains more protein and fat than cow milk. The nutritional factors significantly determine the composition. The liver undergoes high stress during lactation but is relieved by essential nutrients. Choline acts metabolically as a lipotrope. This compound functions in cell structure construction, maintenance, and acetylcholine synthesis. The animal nutrition industry provides choline from various sources, such as synthetic and natural kinds. This study evaluated the influence of two distinct choline sources on dairy ewes’ peripartum and postpartum milk production, composition, and offspring growth.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-four Rambouillet ewes, each weighing around 63.7 ± 1.7 kg, aged three with two previous births, spent 30-day pre-partum and post-partum in individual pens (2 × 2 m). They were given different experimental treatments 30 days before and after birth according to a randomized design; no choline (a), 4 g/day rumen-protected choline (RPC) (b), or 4 g/day thiocholine (c). Milk samples for milk composition and long-chain fatty acid (FA) analysis were taken every 30 days during milk collection.

Results: Significant differences (p < 0.05) in ewe body weight, lamb birth weight, and 30-day-old lamb body weight were observed at lambing and on day 30 of lactation due to choline treatment. Milk yield was significantly higher (1.57 kg/day) compared to the control (1.02 kg/day) and RPC (1.39 kg/day), due to the herbal choline source. There was no significant difference in the milk’s protein, lactose, fat, non-fat solids, and total milk solids content between the treatments. Herbal choline lowers (p < 0.05) the concentrations of caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, and myristic acids while boosting (p < 0.05) those of oleic and cis-11-eicosenoic acid, the changes influencing long-chain FA levels (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Providing choline from both sources to ewes enhanced milk production and body weight at lambing and on 30-day post-lambing. The herbal choline supplement altered short-chain milk FAs, while representative concentration pathways affected medium-chain ones.

Keywords: birth, milk production, milk quality, thiocholine.
A Review of the Sustainability Crisis and an Appraisal of Sustainable Prosperity
Authors: Whitmore Lawrence
Published: June 2024

Statistical data taken from the literature is reviewed to revisit and re-examine the impact of global humanity upon the biosphere and to provide a broad bibliography of issues relating to sustainability. The data shows the continuing decline of animal and plant populations and forest area, while at the same time human population, resource usage and pollution continue to increase. Analysis of forest area data shows that with the current human population growth rate and resource consumption, combined with increasing forest fires due to global warming, forests will be eradicated within 85 years. Using the same data, the carrying capacity of the planet is estimated to be 2.5 billion with current resource usage and 8 billion with one third of current resource usage. Plantation to rebuild forests, moderation of consumption, and family management to reduce and stabilize population, are identified as the main factors required for achieving sustainability. Views of what leads to prosperity is at the root of the sustainability crisis, and this is examined in relation to alternative values and economic models. The ideology of consumerism is discussed as accelerating the decline of natural resources. The teachings of Saint Francis of Assissi, the patron saint of the environment, and the ideals of indigenous cultures are considered as a source of values that can be adopted to transform the modern world into a more sustainable, eco-friendly world in which humans and the biosphere can thrive.
Keywords: sustainability, environment, prosperity, economy, biosphere, population, morality
Ex-situ Conservation of Woody Plants within the Framework of the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership in Georgia
Authors: Mikatadze-Pantsulaia Tsira , Kolbaia Sandro , Gogoladze Ana , Grdzelishvili Irakli
Published: June 2024

Georgian flora comprises of the vascular plants grown in wild conditions on the territory of country, comprising 185 families, 1,048 genera and 4,275 species. High endemism level of Georgian flora reflects its richness - 21% of the local flora is endemic.
Nearly 10% of Georgian flora comprises of around 400 tree and shrub species. About 40 per cent of them are included in the Red List of Caucasus Endemics.
Within the framework of the Millennium Seed Bank partnership, 144 populations of 131 species of trees and shrubs common in Georgia were collected at the place of natural distribution and deposited in the National Seed Bank of Georgia (NSBG) under the Global Tree Seed Bank Project (Georgia) with the funding from the Garfield Weston Foundation (2015-2019).
The created genetic bank includes rare, endemic, relict, endangered and economically important species, they have food, medicine, fuel, construction, paint and other properties.
This collection also comprises relict species of Colchic forests important for the study of the history of the Caucasus flora from the following genera: Rhododendron, Betula, Ruscus, Ilex, Daphne, Hedera, Laurocerasus, amongst others;
The National Seed Bank is established for long-term storage of the wild plant species of Georgia.
Seed duplicates from different populations of all target species of the above mentioned project are kept in the Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK.
In addition to the seed bank, a collection of seedlings of some of these species has been created in the collection plot of the Plant Conservation Department.
 Key words: ex-situ conservation, tree and shrub species, seed bank, seedlings collection.
Entrepreneurship Development in European Union - Challenges and Opportunities for Young People
Authors: Boldureanu Gabriela , Stoian Claudia Iuliana , Bercu Ana Maria , Sandu Christiana Brigitte , Boldureanu Daniel
Published: June 2024

At the European Union level, the importance of entrepreneurship and supporting young people's intentions to open and develop new businesses was highlighted. In this context, the purpose of our research is to analyze the challenges of entrepreneurship among young people, in a comparative perspective, relating the perspective of Romanians to that of the citizens of the European Union, in general. The research pursued four objectives: (1) identification of personal and social reasons for entrepreneurial activity; (2) investigation of barriers to entrepreneurial activity; (3) identifying the necessary support resources for starting a business; (4) the analysis of the variables that influence the preference of young people to become entrepreneurs. The analysis of the results was based on data published in 2022, in Euro barometer 513 - Social entrepreneurship and youth. The data were processed combining both descriptive and inferential analysis (binary logistic regression). The results show that, both at the level of Romania and European Union, the most important reason why young people want to be entrepreneurs is the freedom to choose the working conditions (time, location) and to be their own boss. At the same time, the main barriers that block young people in their initiative to become entrepreneurs are the lack of education, financial resources, legal, administrative, and personal aspects. Young people in Romania, like everyone else in the European Union, need to be supported, especially educationally and financially, to open a business. They are prepared, for the necessary initial investment, to call on their own resources (savings or salary), but also on external sources (family, friends, and banking institutions). The results estimate the relationship between the entrepreneurship intention of young people and a set of factors, underlying several differences between Romanian young people and those from EU27. 
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Young People, European Union, Entrepreneurship, Motivation, Challenges.
The Effects of School Groupings on Student Performance in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education Exam: A Classification Tree Approach
Authors: Ouma Christine
Published: June 2024

This exploratory study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the academic performance of secondary school students in Kenya. The 2011 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) performance data from 26,067 female and 41,261 male students from 1,162 secondary schools in the Nyanza Region were analyzed. Academic performance was assessed based on whether students achieved a minimum grade (C+) for university admission. Using a data mining technique called Classification Tree (CRT), the study explored the influence of school groupings and gender on student performance. The results showed that school residential status (normalized importance=100%) was the most important predictor, followed by school type (normalized importance=95%), school size (normalized importance= 93%), and school designation (normalized importance=84%). Gender (normalized importance=2%) of the student had no effect on student performance. The final CRT accurately classified 93.7% of the students below the C+ grade threshold and 41.2% of the students at or above the C+ grade, yielding an overall classification accuracy of 76.7%. These findings provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers aiming to enhance educational outcomes in secondary schools.
Chagas Disease: A Fortuitous Share of Evolution and Natural Selection
Authors: Teixeira Antonio R. L.
Published: June 2024

American Trypanosomiasis, known as Chagas disease, can be acquired sexually, and the disease has spread to five continents. The disease attacks the heart and is a leading cause of failure. The multifaceted clinical manifestations of the disease are a persisting challenge to scientific medical-biological research. The T. cruzi life-long infection accumulates lateral transfer of kDNA mutation in the human genome and drives Chagas disease auto-immune lesions. Trypanosoma cruzi-infected human inherits the Protist mitochondrial kDNA minicircle sequences. The transfer of the kDNA to genomes of several vertebrate animal species and the polygenic kDNA mutation is a common denominator driving the disease pathogenesis in circa one-third of chronically infected Chagas patients. If so, why do many patients get sick, but others do not? An answer to this question stems from mapping kDNA integration sites in transposable elements of the human genome. Lateral transfer of the kDNA minicircle sequences to multiple copies of LINE-1 was retrievable with available biotechnologies. The kDNA mutation integration sites hitchhike to several loci, thus, polygenic genome modifications. This is a route toward knowledge-bearing benefits concerning the clinical handling of Chagas heart disease and digestive system ailments. The studies show that two-thirds of the T. cruzi chronically infected human population do not show disease clinical manifestations, and the remaining one-third of those showing Chagas disease leave their children when they die at 45 ± 10 years of age; then, we conclude that Chagas disease is a fortuitous share of natural selection.
ERK3 is involved in regulating cardiac fibroblast function
Authors: Sahadevan Pramod , Dingar Dharmendra , Nawaito Sherin A. , Nair Reshma S. , Trépanier Joëlle , Sahmi Fatiha , Shi Yanfen , Gillis Marc‐Antoine , Sirois Martin G. , Meloche Sylvain , Tardif Jean‐Claude , Allen Bruce G.
Published: June 2024

ERK3/MAPK6 activates MAP kinase‐activated protein kinase (MK)‐5 in selected cell types. Male MK5 haplodeficient mice show reduced hypertrophy and attenuated increase in Col1a1 mRNA in response to increased cardiac afterload. In addition, MK5 deficiency impairs cardiac fibroblast function. This study determined the effect of reduced ERK3 on cardiac hypertrophy following transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and fibroblast biology in male mice. Three weeks post‐surgery, ERK3, but not ERK4 or p38α, co‐immunoprecipitated with MK5 from both sham and TAC heart lysates. The increase in left ventricular mass and myocyte diameter was lower in TAC‐ERK3+/− than TAC‐ERK3+/+ hearts, whereas ERK3 haploinsufficiency did not alter systolic or diastolic function. Furthermore, the TAC‐induced increase in Col1a1 mRNA abundance was diminished in ERK3+/− hearts. ERK3 immunoreactivity was detected in atrial and ventricular fibroblasts but not myocytes. In both quiescent fibroblasts and “activated” myofibroblasts isolated from adult mouse heart, siRNA‐mediated knockdown of ERK3 reduced the TGF‐β‐induced increase in Col1a1 mRNA. In addition, intracellular type 1 collagen immunoreactivity was reduced following ERK3 depletion in quiescent fibroblasts but not myofibroblasts. Finally, knocking down ERK3 impaired motility in both atrial and ventricular myofibroblasts. These results suggest that ERK3 plays an important role in multiple aspects of cardiac fibroblast biology.
An automated workflow based on data independent acquisition for practical and high-throughput personalized assay development and minimal residual disease monitoring in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Wijnands Charissa , Armony Gad , Noori Somayya , Gloerich Jolein , Bonifay Vincent , Caillon Hélène , Luider Theo M. , Brehmer Sven , Pfennig Lennard , Srikumar Tharan , Trede Dennis , Kruppa Gary , Dejoie Thomas , van Duijn Martijn M. , van Gool Alain J. , Jacobs Joannes F.M. , Wessels Hans J.C.T.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Minimal residual disease (MRD) status in multiple myeloma (MM) is an important prognostic biomarker. Personalized blood-based targeted mass spectrometry detecting M-proteins (MS-MRD) was shown to provide a sensitive and minimally invasive alternative to MRD-assessment in bone marrow. However, MS-MRD still comprises of manual steps that hamper upscaling of MS-MRD testing. Here, we introduce a proof-of-concept for a novel workflow using data independent acquisition-parallel accumulation and serial fragmentation (dia-PASEF) and automated data processing.

Methods

Using automated data processing of dia-PASEF measurements, we developed a workflow that identified unique targets from MM patient sera and personalized protein sequence databases. We generated patient-specific libraries linked to dia-PASEF methods and subsequently quantitated and reported M-protein concentrations in MM patient follow-up samples. Assay performance of parallel reaction monitoring (prm)-PASEF and dia-PASEF workflows were compared and we tested mixing patient intake sera for multiplexed target selection.

Results

No significant differences were observed in lowest detectable concentration, linearity, and slope coefficient when comparing prm-PASEF and dia-PASEF measurements of serial dilutions of patient sera. To improve assay development times, we tested multiplexing patient intake sera for target selection which resulted in the selection of identical clonotypic peptides for both simplex and multiplex dia-PASEF. Furthermore, assay development times improved up to 25× when measuring multiplexed samples for peptide selection compared to simplex.

Conclusions

Dia-PASEF technology combined with automated data processing and multiplexed target selection facilitated the development of a faster MS-MRD workflow which benefits upscaling and is an important step towards the clinical implementation of MS-MRD.
Item-level heterogeneous treatment effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on depression: implications for inference, generalizability, and identification
Authors: Gilbert Joshua B. , Hieronymus Fredrik , Eriksson Elias , Domingue Benjamin W.
Published: June 2024

Objectives

In analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), Item Response Theory (IRT) models that allow for heterogeneity in the treatment effect at the item level merit consideration. These models for “item-level heterogeneous treatment effects” (IL-HTE) can provide more accurate statistical inference, allow researchers to better generalize their results, and resolve critical identification problems in the estimation of interaction effects. In this study, we extend the IL-HTE model to polytomous data and apply the model to determine how the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on depression varies across the items on a depression rating scale.

Methods

We first conduct a Monte Carlo simulation study to assess the performance of the polytomous IL-HTE model under a range of conditions. We then apply the IL-HTE model to item-level data from 24 RCTs measuring the effect of SSRIs on depression using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17) and estimate heterogeneity by subscale (HDRS-6).

Results

Our simulation results show that ignoring IL-HTE can yield standard errors that are as much as 50 % too small and create significant bias in treatment by covariate interaction effects when item-specific treatment effects are correlated with item location, and that the application of the IL-HTE model resolves these issues. Our empirical application shows that while the average effect of SSRIs on depression is beneficial (i.e., negative) and statistically significant, there is substantial IL-HTE, with estimates of the standard deviation of item-level effects nearly as large as the average effect. We show that this substantial IL-HTE is driven primarily by systematically larger effects on the HDRS-6 subscale items.

Conclusions

The IL-HTE model has the potential to provide new insights for the inference, generalizability, and identification of treatment effects in clinical trials using PROMs.
Increasing Vertical Dimension of a Case with Full Mouth Rehabilitation: Case Report.
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Tishk international University, Erbil, Iraq., Hasan Radhwan H , Fatah Shilan H
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Bruxism is one of the most frequent causes for occlusal tooth wear, with the loss of tooth structure caused by mechanical wear between maxillary and mandibular tooth surfaces, case report was conducted to improve the patient oral health, and to maintain the new vertical dimension since it was lost by teeth clenching. Case description: this paper presents a 50 years old male suffering from severe bruxism, which implicated the appearance and function of the patient, he was transferred to TIU dental hospital for full mouth rehabilitation treatment. Discussion: The rehabilitation of patients with extensive occlusal wear is complex and difficult to solve, becoming thus one of the biggest challenges of dentistry, a proper planning of a prosthetic rehabilitation should not attribute the re-establishing of occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) to new prostheses at the risk of the patient doesn’t adapt to a new condition of vertical dimension. Conclusion: Tooth wear causes dimensional changes in facial morphology and OVD decrease. The correct determination of occlusal vertical dimension represents a factor of success in the rehabilitation treatment. Keywords: Vertical Dimension, Rehabilitation, Full Mouth, Bruxism.
Comparison of Dimensional Accuracy of (Pmma) Denture Base Material Relined with Molloplast B Soft Liner by Different Curing Methods.
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Tishk international University, Erbil, Iraq., Hasan Radhwan H , Fatah Shilan H
Published: June 2024

Background and objectives: The most common problem associated with the complete denture is the loss of retention after period of time therefore relining procedure is important in many cases, this study was done to compare the dimensional accuracy of PMMA before and after the application of Molloplast B Soft liner to the denture base material by different curing methods. Methods: A total of 80 PMMA samples were used in this study, 40 (SR Triplex hot) PMMA samples polymerized in water bath, 40 (Acron MC) PMMA samples polymerized in microwave, Molloplast B soft liner (Detax, Germany) were packed between each two PMMA strip as overlap joint and cured by water bath and microwave, the dimensional accuracy of PMMA samples were measured before and after the Molloplast B soft liner application using the (DOF scan app) software device. Results: The results showed that the dimensional accuracy of SR Triplex hot water bath polymerized PMMA samples experienced significant dimensional change after the application of Molloplast B soft liner, while in Acron MC microwave polymerized PMMA samples, non-significant dimensional changes were observed after Molloplast B soft liner application. Conclusion: Microwave polymerized PMMA samples showed better dimensional accuracy than the water bath polymerized PMMA samples after the addition of Molloplast B Softliner. Keywords; PMMA, Soft Liner, Microwave, Water Bath.
Extraction Socket Seal Technique for Socket Preservation after Tooth Extraction: An Innovative Approach.
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Samad Abduljaleel , Ahmed Jodal , Ali Hundren M. , Shihab Omed , Haider Ahmed , Karpavicius Dainius
Published: June 2024

Background and objectives: Tooth extraction triggers the loss of surrounding alveolar soft tissue and bone. Numerous socket preservation techniques have been used by clinical surgeons; the issue with all existing techniques is the loss of soft tissue anatomy, resulting in a flat soft tissue architecture. Our study introduces an innovative ridge preservation technique that addresses this problem; it involved using an anatomically shaped composite resin lid that acts as a graft sealant and an approach for maintaining the soft tissue cervical profile. Material and Methods: The Extraction Socket Seal (ESS) technique was applied for 23 patients for socket preservation; atraumatic extraction of hopeless tooth was performed. The extraction socket was filled up with bone grafting material. After that, the composite resin lid, which was fabricated by the Cervico system was placed into the extraction socket. Finally, the lid was connected to the adjacent teeth with an adhesive system and composite resin material. The patients were evaluated for a three-month interval for any complications and success of Extraction Socket Seal (ESS) technique. The data were tested by descriptive data analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 29). Results: The proposed technique has been successfully performed in twenty-three cases; 13 cases were male and 10 cases were female; and the mean age of all cases was 32 years. Extraction Socket Seal (ESS) technique utilizing a composite resin lid fabricated from the Cervico system was used as socket sealant placed directly to cover the bone graft, and we found that it provided an excellent “barrier” for the graft without any unwanted complications. After three months, radiographs showed good bone healing, and the mean socket soft tissue healing score was 4 (Very good wound healing), and most importantly the soft tissue architecture and shape were well preserved. Conclusions: We concluded that the Extraction Socket Seal (ESS) technique offers a very simple and time-saving technique for alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction for both anterior and posterior extraction sockets, and it provides a good seal for the graft material and the soft tissue anatomy was well preserved. Keywords: Alveolar ridge preservation, Extraction Socket Seal, ESS, Delayed implant placement, Socket preservation, Tooth extraction.
Mylohyoid Nerve Injection for Unsuccessful Anesthesia of Posterior Teeth with Successful Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block.
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Hussein Rozh M
Published: June 2024

Background and objective: variations in mylohyoid could lead to failure of an inferior alveolar nerve blockade. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mylohyoid nerve variation on the persistence of pain following a successful inferior alveolar nerve block. Method: This clinical study was performed at the oral and maxillofacial department/college of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University. All patients with pain following a successful inferior alveolar nerve block were enrolled in this study. An additional submucosal injection (infiltration technique) as few drops in the lingual mucosa of the offending tooth is given by the same surgeon Results: A total of fifty patients were enrolled in this study,30 males and 20 females. age range was (16-56). Among the total only 20 patients (60%females,40% males) experienced pain on the lingual side during the attempt of dental extraction. Following lingual infiltration, all the cases were treated successfully in a pain free environment. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Conclusion: Lingual submucosal injection of 1/3 of 1.8 ml of local anesthesia might be an effective way to block all possible nerve variation on the lingual side. Keywords: Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB), mylohyoid nerve variation, lingual mucosal infiltration, pain.
Fault Lines in the Globalization of Migration: Frontline Workers as Embodied Constituents of Disjunctive Globalization
Authors: Arun Shoba , Brahic Benedicte , Caselli Marco
Published: June 2024

Globalization has become characterized by its disjunctions, which the COVID-19 crisis has thrown into sharp relief (Steger and James 2020). The contradictions (and disjunctures) between the dependence of receiving countries on economic migration and the visible tensions associated with migration, and the precarious experiences of migrants at the COVID-19 front line marked new insecurities in migratory paths and shocks to already insecure work circuits. The fault lines revealed by the COVID-19 crisis identified in this article raise fundamental questions for globalization and migration scholars and policymakers around the sustainability of the “migration/value” nexus. We advocate an approach that moves away from a reductivist conception of migration as solely legitimized via the generation of economic value, toward a sustainable recovery and future after the COVID-19 crisis. We argue for a human rights–based approach to migration that fosters mobilities and that ensures that all individuals are deemed of value, of public value. We believe this can inform and help set a tenacious framework that “resettles” the current disjunctures of globalization, through acknowledging different formations of mobilities through globalization for an inclusive global society. This article is part of the Global Perspectives “Interrogating Global Studies” special collection, guest edited by Jill Timms and Alison Hulme, as a tribute to Dr. Paul Kennedy, an ardent pioneer in the field of global studies.
Aportes desde la teoría social para comprender la búsqueda de alternativas espirituales en una era secular
Authors: Sarrazin Jean Paul , Zapata Germán
Published: June 2024

Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre las motivaciones de tres individuos que, en edad adulta, han decidido adherir al budismo zen, al vaishnavismo y al islam; es decir, a grupos religiosos muy minoritarios en su país de origen, Colombia. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo cualitativo, llevando a cabo un análisis de relatos de vida y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados muestran que los sujetos manifiestan una insatisfacción respecto a sus vidas, así como una serie de críticas a propósito del medio sociocultural en el que viven. Las religiones minoritarias representan para ellos una forma de vivir y de pensar alternativa que consideran más apropiada y satisfactoria. Se concluye que los sujetos están en una búsqueda de sentido trascendente producto no de un “déficit” o “vacío”, como se ha solido pensar, sino de un estado de desorientación generado por procesos característicos de la modernidad tardía, como la desinstitucionalización religiosa, la individualización y el pluralismo.
Memorias entre la niebla
Authors: Rodríguez Arévalo Diego Mauricio
Published: June 2024

La zona rural de Ciudad Bolívar es un territorio que se ha desarrollado en la periferia de la ciudad. Lejos de compartir los mismos valores culturales de los cuales es depositaria la ciudad de Bogotá, sus dinámicas sociales están más relacionadas con las tradiciones y costumbres campesinas. En un primer momento, el presente artículo explora las diferentes articulaciones que se establecen entre dos territorios fundados en un mismo espacio, pero que, a su vez, responden a distintas formas de construir su propia identidad y cultura. En un segundo momento, se plantea una metodología que explora las condiciones de olvido y cómo estas han dado lugar a diversas formas de representación de la memoria. A manera de conclusión, se establece una propuesta a partir de la cual las distintas formas de memoria encontradas en dicho territorio generan un instrumento de representación derivado de las distintas especificidades que configuran esta comunidad. En tal caso, en el presente artículo se describe una ruta a partir de la cual se busca restituir el valor a una forma de memoria que ha soportado las distintas arremetidas del olvido.
Hacer las paces
Authors: Portela García Juan Camilo , Lince Salazar Sandra , Suárez Álvarez Astrid Viviana
Published: June 2024

Este artículo reflexiona sobre las creaciones culturales como aportes para la construcción de paz. Se parte del supuesto de que los procesos de transición requieren de transformaciones culturales; esto es, reconfiguraciones en los modos de pensar y actuar acerca de la diferencia, el conflicto y la justicia, que se apoyan en distintos tipos de expresiones culturales que, históricamente, han sido claves para situar valores y representaciones sociales en el imaginario colectivo. El texto inicia con una conceptualización sobre las creaciones culturales y su contribución a la construcción de paz, que se centra en el modo en que se tramitan dolores y se representan simbólicamente traumas colectivos. Posteriormente, se exponen modos en que se han dado estos aportes y se puntualizan dimensiones expresadas en estas creaciones y cómo pueden ser leídas en relación con la construcción de paz. Se finaliza con algunas reflexiones en torno a los efectos sociales del arte desde una mirada ontológica de la hermenéutica y desde el vínculo entre arte y ritual.
Las sujeciones materiales imprevistas en la contratación estatal:
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Hugo Alejandro , Sánchez Gómez Alexandra
Published: June 2024

El principio del equilibrio económico del contrato es una de las líneas vertebrales de las compras públicas en Colombia, el cual tiene como fundamento que el valor económico convenido por los extremos de la relación negocial —como retribución o remuneración a la ejecución de las obligaciones— sea correspondiente con el que recibirá como contraprestación de la debida ejecución del objeto del contrato; no obstante, existen factores internos y externos generadores de desequilibrio en la relación contractual, siendo los primeros el ius variandi y la teoría del príncipe y, los segundos, la teoría de la imprevisión y las sujeciones materiales imprevistas. En ese orden, el propósito de este artículo consiste en determinar el papel que desempeñan las sujeciones materiales imprevistas como circunstancias generadoras de desequilibrio económico del contrato estatal, teniendo como referente, para tal efecto, el marco normativo que regula la materia y los criterios interpretativos definidos por la jurisprudencia del Consejo de Estado, así como los estudios de la doctrina especializada sobre el particular. Para tal efecto, se adelantará una investigación jurídica, con un enfoque cualitativo, crítico y propositivo, siguiendo un modelo de revisión bibliográfica y documental.
THERMAL STABILITY OF THE OXIDATION PRODUCTS OF VACUUM GAS OIL
Authors: SVIRIDENKO YU  A. , KRIVTSOV E  B. , SVIRIDENKO N  N.
Published: June 2024

An approach including preliminary oxidation of vacuum gas oil, chromatographic separation of oxidation products, and thermal treatment is considered. Analysis of the products formed in the cracking of polar and non-polar components of vacuum gas oil oxidised with a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and formic acid is described. It has been established that heat treatment of non-polar components allows obtaining up to 85 wt% distillate fractions boiling up to 360 °C, with sulphur content less than 0.3 wt%. The heat treatment of polar components leads to the formation of distillate fractions at a level of about 50 wt%, and sulphur removal reaches 50 %. It has been shown that the cracking temperature of polar oxidation products determines the route of sulphur removal: at a temperature of 450 °C, sulphur-containing fragments are accumulated in coke, while at 500 °C they are predominantly subjected to destruction with the formation of gas components. It has been determined that gaseous products formed in the heat treatment of both polar and non-polar components of oxidised vacuum gas oil mainly consist of saturated hydrocarbons of the C1-C3 series and carbon dioxide. The advantage of separate cracking of polar and non-polar components is elimination of undesired effect on the products formed in thermal decomposition of these components on the route of reactions proceeding in the system. The products obtained in this way are characterized by higher quality. In addition, variation of cracking conditions for separate components of oxidized vacuum gas oil makes it possible to regulate the depth of components destruction and, accordingly, the material balance of the process as a whole.
FEATURES OF OCCURRENCE CONDITIONS OF THE BAZHENOV, DOMANIK AND KUONAMKA SEDIMENTS IN OIL AND GAS BASINS OF RUSSIA
Authors: YASHCHENKO I  G.
Published: June 2024

Using information from the database of the Institute of Petroleum Chemistry SB RAS and the methods of statistical and spatial analysis of geographical information systems, we evaluated the data on oil occurrence conditions in the Bazhenov, Domanik and Kuonamka Formations of the oil and gas bearing territories of Russia, the development of which will allow discovering the new sources of increased oil production. The digital maps of the arrangement of hydrocarbon fields in the Bazhenov, Domanik and Kuonamka sediments over the territories of the Volga-Ural, Timan-Pechora and Lena-Tunguska oil and gas bearing basins are presented. The distribution of oils from these deposits over the depth of occurrence in each basin is shown. The lithological features of reservoir rocks are established. The average values of reservoir parameters characterising the filtration and capacitance properties of the pools in these sediments are determined. To analyse the conditions of Bazhenov oil occurrence, a batch of 2833 oil samples from 127 fields of the West Siberian basin was used, for Domanik oil - 407 samples from 195 fields of the Volga-Ural and Timan-Pechora basins, and for Kuonamka oil - 117 samples from 28 fields of the Lena-Tunguska basin. A comparative analysis of the geological and physical characteristics producing a direct impact on the development regime and the effectiveness of technologies used to extract these hard-to-recover oils was carried out: permeability and porosity of rocks, reservoir temperature and pressure. It is shown that the Domanik and Kuonamka sediments are the closest in characteristics to the reservoirs of the developed American shale oil fields, which indicates the possibility for effective application of the positive experience of the United States for Russian oilfields. The results of the study can be used in the development of new and improvement of existing methods and technologies for the extraction and processing of hard-to-recover oils from the studied sediments.
Manipuliacijos Lietuvos futbole: empirinis tyrimas
Authors: Zaksaite Salomeja
Published: June 2024

This article deals with the topic of manipulation of sports competitions. It discusses the results of a unique empirical research, which gathered data from experts with a wealth of first-hand knowledge. Due to the specificity of such a study, the vast majority of the data is anonymised and/or pseudonymised. Nevertheless, the research is as natural as possible, especially due to the the sensitivity of the topic and jargon. The study revealed that manipulation is a serious problem in Lithuanian football, although the peak of this phenomenon is probably in the past. The research revealed intriguing connections that show that manipulation is far from being only a sports issue. It is a phenomenon closely linked to other scourges of the sporting community and society as a whole: the disregard for good governance, the lack of transparency and publicity, and the role of organised crime in the world of sport. Although the study did not specifically test criminological theories, the findings gathered from the research confirmed the insights of the strain and differential association theories. One of the ways in which manipulation is carried out clearly corresponds to the pattern drawn in the context of the two theories: starting with simple betting, players become addicted and indebted, and consequently feel constant tension, and only later, through a gradual interaction, does one start to talk about the manipulation of sporting competitions. It is also important to note that the betting market is precisely the environment where players can satisfy their need for competitiveness and release excessive adrenaline. Perhaps for this reason, football players who play in lower leagues or whose careers are ending – that is, who are no longer able to succeed and let off steam on the field – are frequently caught by the betting hook. This creates an addiction to betting, potentially leading to committing fraud. From a legal perspective, the problem of manipulation of sports competitions can be explained by the difficulties in the application of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania: in the context of an unclear concept of professional sport, it is not obvious which competitions meet or do not meet the criterion of professionalism (which, up to now, has been required for the incrimination of manipulation of sports competitions).
Socialinių tinklų tyrimų duomenų archyvo funkciniai reikalavimai, projektavimas ir įgyvendinimas
Authors: Dallas Costis , Kelpšienė Ingrida , Laužikas Rimvydas , Gribovskis Justas
Published: June 2024

In the era of digital communication, social networking platforms have become important tools for the creation and dissemination of collective memory and identity. However, the dynamic nature of these platforms, together with their commercial nature and limited archiving capabilities, pose a number of challenges for researchers seeking to research conversations on heritage, history, memory and identity on social networking sites. This article presents a digital research data archive that helps address these challenges, and also shares best practices in creating and practically applying this archive, enabling the semantic and comprehensive collection, storage, visualization, and analysis of social media discussions.
Pediatric patient with cleidocranial dysostosis: case report and literature review
Authors: Romero Hugo , Alvarenga Ramón , Umanzor Vilma , Díaz Francisco , Guifarro Juan José , Gabrie Mario
Published: June 2024

Cleidocranial dysostosis, a rare autosomal dominant disorder classified under osteochondrodysplasias, exhibits a prevalence of 1 in 1,000,000. This syndrome arises from haploinsufficiency in the RUNX2 gene, initially documented in 1765 and formally characterized in 1871. Recognizing its clinical and radiological features promptly is crucial for optimal management. This article presents a literature review and a case report of a pediatric patient diagnosed with cleidocranial dysostosis.
Reduction of the risk of selecting the emergency ventilation mode through local control of ventilation flows
Authors:   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kokoulin Ivan , Kliuiev Eduard ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The implementation of measures regarding the organization of emergency ventilation of mine is connected with various types of risks, as in other cases of the operation of high-risk enterprises. In particular, this applies to the emergency risk that arises when there is a need for the emergency evacuation of people from the mine workings, gassed with fire products (that is, the risk of their poisoning or damage due to the thermal factor) and the emergency risk that is provoked by the wrong choice and implementation of the emergency ventilation mode. Both types of risks require to reduce the use of means of ventilation - main and local ventilation fans. Provision should also be made for the use of various passive control devices. The main result of the methodological approach used today is the selection of the emergency ventilation mode, which maximally limits the gassing zone of the mine ventilation network with gaseous combustion products. At the same time, the criterion for the effectiveness of the emergency evacuation of miners should be the maximum use of non-gasified workings, which achieves the goal of managing ventilation in the event of accidents. The proposed control function, which characterizes the degree of risk of distribution of fire gases in mine workings, is the root mean square deviation of the concentration of fire gases in the controlled branches of the network from the required level of stabilization. For two control devices and two controlled areas, it is part of a three-dimensional cone, and the control region is bounded by two hyperbolas. The problem formulation looks similar when the size of the base of the regulating devices is increased . A limitation on the task is formulated, and a conclusion is made regarding the possibility of applying analog methods of dynamic programming for its solution. As such, the multi-step optimization method, the one-step optimization method, and the extreme coordinate optimization method (the last one is the most effective) are considered. The greatest efficiency of their use will be achieved with the introduction of an automated ventilation control system, which provides feedback from the means of regulation and regulatory devices. Keywords: emergency risk, aerological risk, management functionality, regulatory devices, exogenous fire.