bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AL-FARABI'S MATHEMATICAL LEGACY AND ALGORITHMIC APPROACH TO RESOLVING PROBLEMS REGARDING GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS IN GEOGEBRA ENVIRONMENT
Authors: BIDAIBEKOV Yessen , GRINSHKUN Vadim , BOSTANOV Bektas , UMBETBAYEV Kairat , MYRSYDYKOV Yerles
Published: August 2021

Al-Farabi had left a rich scientific heritage for the succeeding generations including studies in various scientific areas. So far, his proceedings are still valuable being of great interest in the scientific society. The actuality of analyzing the problems with regard to geometric constructions accomplished by Al-Farabi for modern mathematical and engineering education lies in the unique character of Al-Farabi’s efforts involving the use of the algorithmic approach for resolving mathematical problems and application-oriented researches. These algorithmic approaches enable the creation of didactic teaching techniques based on the use of information processing technology. One of the main Al-Farabi’s principles is to study and consider the mathematics in terms of natural phenomena and processes as well as all types of its practical implementation. This article pursues studying AlFarabi’s mathematical heritage concerning geometrical construction problems as well as the development of their solution methods using modern information technology, in particular, using the GeoGebra dynamic geometry system which is a problem-solving environment designed for studying, conversion and visualization of geometric object models. This scientific article shows examples of resolving geometric construction problems using only a mathematical compass and a ruler by the Al-Farabi’s procedures as well as problems for dividing squares and spheres and giving Al-Farabi’s visual evidence of proving Ptolemy’s theory from trigonometry area. The authors are interested in a targeted audience to familiarize themselves with algorithms developed by Al-Farabi and this software implementation; for this purpose, a scientific-education portal has been designed for the concerned researches and pedagogues may find out a lot of useful and interesting information.
RATIONALE FOR SELECTION OF AN OIL FIELD OPTIMAL DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE PECHORA SEA AND ITS CALCULATION
Authors: SABUKEVICH Violetta Sergeevna , PODOPRIGORA Dmitry Georgievich , SHAGIAKHMETOV Artem Maratovich
Published: August 2021

Rationale for selection and calculation of the optimal system for the development of the Pechora Sea oil field is an extremely difficult scientific-technical task. Severe climate conditions of the Arctic region, ice cover, well stock formation limits, slow rates of drilling for offshore oil fields, and remoteness from supply bases multiply the cost of projects and create significant difficulties in engineering design the field development system. To solve these problems, one needs to use highly efficient technologies for offshore oil fields development, which will ensure intensive oil production, thus obtaining significant revenues to pay off the expenses. The purpose of this work is to provide the basis for selection as well as calculate the optimum development system for an oil field in the eastern part of the Pechora Sea. The solution of the tasks was carried out on the basis of the features identified in the development of Arctic offshore oil fields, the analysis of geological and physical data on the oil field, a set of theoretical, analytical works, and mathematical modeling. Mathematical modeling was performed using standard and adapted methods for calculating oil field development systems. Based on the data received, it was concluded that it is the linear system of horizontal wells, which is optimal for the field development. Horizontal wells critical and initial flow rate and basic technical indicators have been calculated versus time. The estimation of the discounted cash flow and the discounted profit index has demonstrated that the investment project can be initiated. Since the oil field is now under supplementary exploration, the data obtained in the research can be applied for designing the oil field development system as soon as its industrial exploitation is approved.
EVALUATION OF ARTHROSPIRA SP. GROWTH ABILITY ON HEAVY METAL SALTS AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOME CELLULAR COMPONENTS
Authors: AL-SHAKARCHI Hiba Khaleel Saeed , AL-SHAHERY Yousef Jabbar
Published: August 2021

rthrospira sp. is an aquatic and photosynthetic microorganism that is extensively employed as a food supplement due to its rich contents of nutrients, proteins, and carbohydrates. In this study, a local strain of cyanobacterium of the genus Arthrospira was isolated from the Iraqi soil, in the region of Mosul city, using the Chu’s Medium No. 10. The growth rate, as well as the effects on biomass and cellular component contents of proteins, carbohydrates, and chlorophyll of this strain, were evaluated on the molasses medium alone or supplemented with iron, copper, nickel, cadmium and cobalt salts after fifteen days of incubation. The results showed that the best growth rate (1.09 OD), the highest value of biomass (120.0 mg/l), proteins content (297.2 mg/l), chlorophyll content (14.9 mg/l) and carbohydrates content (400.0 mg/l) of Arthrospira sp. was achieved after fifteen days of incubation. Generally, it was observed that adding iron, copper, nickel, cadmium, and cobalt salts into the molasses medium increased the contents of biomass, proteins, and carbohydrates of Arthrospira sp.. It was noticed that the highest biomass concentration (1960 mg/l) was obtained when Arthrospira sp. grown on molasses medium supplemented with nickel. Also, none of the metal salts added to the molasses medium increased the protein content of Arthrospira sp.. Conversely, adding copper, nickel, and cobalt to the medium showed an adverse effect on the protein content. It was shown that adding iron metal salts into the molasses medium increased the carbohydrates and the chlorophyll contents of Arthrospira sp.. These results suggest that Arthrospira sp. can be utilized for the bioremediation of heavy metals pollution in the environment and industrial sites.
ENERGY ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE OF A PARABOLIC CYLINDRICAL SOLAR COLLECTOR AIDED BY SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM
Authors: PORTELA Lino Wagner Castelo Branco , ALMEIDA Ana Fabíola Leite , BARBOSA Erilson de Sousa , CEZAR Kleber Lima , OLIVEIRA Patrick Abreu
Published: August 2021

Over the last few years, countries such as Brazil, the United States, Germany, and China have been receiving significant investments to advance the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, biomass and wind. This has been due to the growing demand for electricity due to population increase and the evolution of industrial activities. Solar energy can be enjoyed by using solar concentrators that are commonly used in solar thermal systems where the working fluid reaches higher temperatures than can be obtained from other collectors. These concentrators are responsible for providing the thermal energy supply. This research analyzed the energy influence of Parabolic Solar Concentrator technology aided by a solar tracking system, taking into account its energy balance and thermal efficiency calculation. The concentrator had an optical efficiency of 81 % and was able to achieve average thermal efficiency values between 21.8 % and 24.7 % under maximum solar radiation conditions between 900 W/m² and 990 W/m². The temperature of the absorber tube used to receive the concentration of sunlight reached temperatures between 80 °C and 98.6 °C, allowing the system working fluid a temperature to reach values above 100 °C. These results show the ability of this type of solar collector to provide power for thermal applications such as heating water for industrial or domestic processes, food dehydration, and drying, refrigeration, thermal desalination and microgeneration of electricity. Besides, the thermal efficiency (between 21.8 % and 24.7 %) was satisfactory when considering the type of concentrator, which also validates the electronic tracking system as it was able to track the relative movement of the sun and favor the increase of thermal efficiency of the system.
DRY MAGNETIC SEPARATION OF MAGNETITE ORES
Authors: CHOKIN Kanat Sh , YEDILBAYEV Abdraman I , YEDILBAYEV Baimurat A , YUGAY Vladimir D
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the paper is that dry magnetic separation (DMS) is the main beneficiation method of magnetite ores. The lack of efficient industrial-grade machines and apparatus for separating fine-grained magnetite ores means that DMS is used mainly as a pre-concentration operation for fairly large classes. The aim of the research is to study the possibility of using a new magnetic separator model in the process of dry beneficiation of magnetite ore from the Bapy deposit. This paper presents theoretical and experimental studies of a new model of a magnetic separator. The mathematical modeling of the magnetic separation process of the device was carried out to evaluate the parameters in accordance with which a laboratory separator was subsequently manufactured. For the experimental study of the properties of this magnetic system, a laboratory magnetic separator was built. The possibility of using a new magnetic separator in the process of dry beneficiation of magnetite ore from the Bapy deposit was investigated. The industrial scheme being implemented consists in ore crushing and two stage dressing on dry drum magnetic separators. The study of beneficiation indicators of the magnetic separator was carried out using iron ore of the Bapy deposit, which is mono-mineral magnetite. For the study, mixtures of the minus 0.1 mm class were selected with the iron content α = 50% and α = 40%. As a result of the research, beneficiation indicators were obtained on a laboratory scale. Therefore, the improvement of the beneficiation scheme is reduced to the isolation of a small product and its subsequent beneficiation using a new model of magnetic separator. Thus, the presented magnetic separator is suitable for dry processing of
crushed magnetite ore.
INQUIRY SOCIAL COMPLEXITY (ISC): DESIGN INSTRUCTIONAL TO EMPOWERMENT CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING (CCT) SKILLS IN CHEMISTRY
Authors: PERDANA Ryzal , Budiyono A. , Sajidan A. , Sukarmin A. , RUDIBYANI Ratu Betta
Published: August 2021

To prepare people to live in the 21st century successfully, it is needed more than subject contents. It is very crucial for the people to know in how to apply their skills and knowledge by critical thinking, using knowledge in new situations, comprehending new ideas, collaborating, communicating, problems solving, decision making and so on. This research is an innovation of disruptive education that aims to design learning models that can empower students' critical thinking skills through descriptive analysis based on data and literature review. This study used a sample of 180 high school students in the city of Surakarta, Indonesia. The results of the measurement of students' critical thinking skills in the category are very lacking in all aspects, for instance, 52.80% of analysis aspect, 37.28% of inference aspects, 45.16% of explanation aspect, 35.01% of self-regulation aspect are in very low criteria as well as 41.14% of interpretation aspects in very poor criteria. The results of measurement of students' creative thinking skills also shows very concerning category in all aspects involving: fluency of 45.83% of fluency aspect, 42.50% of flexibility aspect, 44.86% originality aspect, and 47.50% of elaboration aspect are all in very low criteria. Literature review results also found that chemistry teachers’ design model has not maximized the ability to think critically so that it needs a learning design that can empower critical thinking skills. Through a data-based literature study a form of inquiry social complexity (ISC) model was formulated to empower critical thinking skills.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SAFETY OF SUBLINGUAL AND PARENTERAL IMMUNOTHERAPY METHODS
Authors: SALTABAYEVA Ulbossyn , YUMASHEV Alexei
Published: August 2021

Among a significant number of allergies, the most common among children and adults is pollen allergy. Pollen allergies primarily lead to irritation of the nose and eyes, but can also cause headaches, weakness, fatigue, and decreased attention span. In an acute allergic reaction, anaphylactic shock can occur, that is, a lifethreatening sharp drop in blood pressure. These and many other consequences of allergic reactions imply the need to create drugs that could cure a person of allergies or stop the manifestation of allergen reactions. The aim of the article was to study the safety of allergen-specific immunotherapy. The research methods included an analysis of the comparison of the effectiveness of two immunotherapy methods, a comparison of the safety of sublingual and parenteral methods of administering allergic vaccines, a comparative assessment of the safety of types of allergen-specific immunotherapy. The study involved 228 patients with varying severity of hay fever, among whom were children from 5 to 18 years old and an adult population (113 patients were men, 115 were women). The study revealed that sublingual immunotherapy increases the safety of treatment and is a good substitute for parenteral immunotherapy, especially in children. The studies have also confirmed well-known scientific evidence on the safety of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with hay fever. It was concluded that sublingual immunotherapy increases the safety of treatment and is a good substitute for the parenteral allergenspecific immunotherapy method, especially in pediatric patients, while having several advantages, such as a significant reduction in adverse reactions, high potency, and a convenient mode of administration, greater patient commitment and trust in treatment, and the elimination of infection transmission.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASPHALT-RESIN-PARAFFIN DEPOSITS INHIBITOR AND SUBSTANTIATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ITS INJECTION INTO THE BOTTOM-HOLE FORMATION ZONE
Authors: KHAIBULLINA Karina Shamilevna , KOROBOV Grigory Yurievich , LEKOMTSEV Aleksandr Viktorovich
Published: August 2021

The problem of the formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (ARPD) in oil fields within the “well – bottom-hole formation zone” system is still relevant. To prevent the formation of ARPD in the “bottom-hole formation zone – well” system, the ARPD inhibitors must have high adsorption and low desorption properties concerning the rock. The composition of inhibitors often includes surfactants. Nonionic surfactants, namely, polyesters, are widely used to prevent the formation of ARPD. However, currently, little is known about inhibitors with a combined effect, for example, possessing depressor-dispersing properties for ARPD. This work aimed to develop a combined inhibitor possessing not only depressor-dispersing properties but also having good adsorption and desorption properties to the rock to prevent the formation of ARPD. The paper presents the research results on the development of an ARPD inhibitor, as well as the effects of determination of its depressor dispersing, inhibiting, and corrosive properties; the temperature of oil saturation with paraffin is determined as well. The studies of the ARPD inhibitor adsorption were carried out by the static and dynamic methods. In contrast, the process of the inhibitor desorption was studied by oil filtering through a saturated sample of the rock using a bulk model and core material. The impact of the fluid flow rate on the inhibitor desorption rate was studied. The technological parameters of the ARPD inhibitor solution injection into the bottom-hole formation zone of production wells were calculated. The developed composition has high inhibiting properties concerning the ARPD, depressor dispersing properties, low corrosive activity for a metal surface, and is capable of lowering the temperature of oil saturation with paraffin.
DIGITAL SOCIETY: NEW CHALLENGES FOR EDUCATION
Authors: GAPSALAMOV Almaz Rafisovich , BOCHKAREVA Tatyana Nikolaevna , AKHMETSHIN Elvir Munirovich , VASILEV Vladimir Lvovich , ANISIMOVA Tatyana Ivanovna
Published: August 2021

The world has entered a new phase of development – the era of digital society. Under the influence of a new round of technological progress, the mechanisms and practices of the world order, as well as equipment and technologies, are changing. The range of innovations today is not limited to one or two industries; changes cover almost everything – telecommunications, information and communication sectors, nanotechnology, space, bioengineering, robotics, etc. The research aims to study the processes of changing the paradigm of social development under the influence of the formation of a digital society. The article analyzes the concept of "digital society," shows how the tools of the digital economy are used to justify a paradigm shift in social development for the modern generation. The research methodology is based on a systematic and structural-functional approach. Also, methods of sociological survey and statistical processing of information were used. As a result of the analysis, plans to the definition of the digital economy are formulated, the stages of development of digital society are presented, the trajectories of technological changes in the digital era are identified, and problems that inhibit the digitalization process are formulated.
INTERCASING PRESSURE CAUSES ANALYSIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF ZHANAZHOL FIELD
Authors: MAKHMETOVA Ardak S , AGZAMOV Farit A , KOMLEVA Svetlana F , ISMAILOV Abdulakhat A , ISMAILOVA Jamilyam A
Published: August 2021

In the operational reserve of gas and oil wells, formation pressure (ICP) is one of the most significant problems, since it violates the ecological balance of the field areas, leads to the loss of formation fluid and is dangerous for personnel. Despite the continuous improvement of well construction technology at many oil and gas fields, adjacent flows and fluid effects at the wellhead are still a common type of complication. Unfortunately, the majority of methods for the ICP elimination involves the injection of sealing compounds into the intercasing from the wellhead, which is an extremely inefficient technique, since it covers visible signs, but does not exclude their causes. Therefore, the study of the causes of pressure will have both academic and practical significance, since the most effective way is not to eliminate, but to prevent PMS during the construction and completion of the well. In this paper, the occurrence of pressure in the reservoir by the example of wells of the Zhanazholsky field was considered. The research of 40 wells in a given region was conducted. To determine the degree of influence of geological, technical, technological, physicochemical and mechanical factors on the occurrence of ICP, statistical and correlation analysis procedures, an analysis of the composition of the intermediate fluid, and analysis of field material were used. Based on the available results, possible methods and ways for the ICP occurrence were shown, and also principles were formulated that could be used to prevent pressure during construction of wells and further exploitation.
SERUM LEVELS OF IL-8 IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ACTIVE GASTRITIS AND PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE
Authors: BELAIA Olga Fedorovna , GUTKIN Denis Sergeevich , KAREVA Elena Nikolaevna , VOLCHKOVA Elena Vasilyevna , VAKHRAMEEVA Maria Sergeevna
Published: August 2021

The majority of researchers discover associations between H. pylori (Hp) and serum IL-8 production with the stage of chronic inflammation. Data on IL-8 levels in chronic gastritis (CG) and a gastroduodenal ulcer (GDU) are insufficient, and often controversial. All patients with chronic active gastritis (CAG) and GDU were divided into 4 subgroups: patients with GDU and found Hp infection according to common methods (GDU+Hp), patients with GDU and no documented Hp infection (GDU), patients with CAG and found Hp infection according to common methods (CAG+Hp), and patients with CAG with no documented Hp infection (CAG). The highest serum IL-8 levels were seen in patients with GDU+Hp, whereas the lowest ones were observed in patients with CAG. Men have the lowest IL-8 levels in the CAG+Hp subgroup as compared with other subgroups. The IL-8 values were significantly different from higher values in women. The rate of fecal Oantigen of H. pylori LPS found using the coagglutination test is 86%. The highest levels of O-antigen of H. pylori LPS were detected in the CAG subgroup. In patients with GDU+Hp, the levels of O-antigen of H. pylori LPS were significantly higher as compared with the GDU subgroup. So patients with GDU, especially those with GDU+Hp, and with CAG, have active IL-8 production. Coagglutination to detect O-antigen of H. pylori LPS in feces used along with common methods increases the probability to confirm that the patients (especially those with chronic gastritis) are infected with this microbe.
INFLUENCE OF FILLER QUALITY ON CONCRETE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Authors: AKMALAIULY KENZHEBEK , ZHUMADILOVA ZHANAR
Published: August 2021

Studies on the effect of grain composition on the thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete, it was shown that the mineral composition of filler (aggregates) substantially reflects the thermal conductivity and density of concrete. The grains of the component have a slightly higher effect on the thermal conductivity than the material itself. The proof of this position is that the thermal conductivity of bulk materials is always slightly lower than cellular materials of the same average density. In an absolutely dry porous body, heat transfer can occur not only through thermal conductivity but also through the solid skeleton of the body, located in the air pores, but also by convection and radiation between the pore walls. With a pore diameter of less than 1 mm, convective heat transfer is practically zero, and the coefficient of radiant heat conductivity can be neglected only when the pore diameter is less than 0.5 mm. Therefore, with the same porosity, the thermal conductivity coefficient will be the greater, the larger the pores of the material. Therefore, the creation of a finely porous structure of lightweight concrete and the use of finely porous aggregates contributes to the production of concrete with reduced thermal conductivity. The proof can be the results of experiments and the curves presented. An increase in the pore size on the surface of the grains of the aggregates leads to an increase in intergranular voids of the mixtures. As a result of mineralogical-petrographic studies of artificial porous
aggregates, it was established that aluminosilicate phases with a disordered structure — clay amorphized with firing and acidic glasses — predominate in expanded clay, agloporite, and expanded perlite. Slag is characterized by a predominance of crystalline phases - low-basic calcium silicates than calcium and magnesium aluminosilicates. The glassy phase is present only in the form of an impurity of 15 - 20%. When analyzing the experimental data, we came to the conclusion that the thermal conductivity of expanded clay increases with increasing density. However, at the same density, expanded clay of different batches of the same plant and especially of different plants, differ in the values of the coefficient of thermal conductivity.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR PREPARING FUTURE CHEMISTRY TEACHERS FOR THE USE OF CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES IN PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: SHYIAN Nadiia I , KRYVORUCHKO Alina V , STRYZHAK Svitlana V , KRYKUNOVA Valentyna Ye , ANTONETS Oleksandr A
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the specifics of perception and assimilation of information by schoolchildren (the young generation's penchant for clip thinking) and the insufficient number of studies that reveal the theoretical and substantive-procedural features of the formation of preparedness of future chemistry teachers for the use of cloud technologies in professional activities. The purpose of the article is to develop a structural-functional model of the methodology for preparing future chemistry teachers for the use of cloud technologies in professional activities and its testing. The leading method for studying this problem is the modeling method, which allows to consider the problem under study as a focused, organized process of improving the professional competence of future chemistry teachers and the formation of ICT competency, reflecting the ability and willingness of a future chemistry teacher to use cloud technologies in professional activities. The developed model allows not only to form students' knowledge about the functions of cloud technologies but also aims to prepare future chemistry teachers for new conditions of professional activity. Analysis of the results of the study showed the effectiveness of the proposed model of the methodology for preparing future chemistry teachers for the use of cloud technologies in professional activities, which were confirmed by the positive dynamics of the levels of readiness formation among students of the experimental group. Article materials may be useful for teachers and students of higher educational institutions, teachers of institutions of general secondary education, specialists in the field of education.
THE IMPACT OF MEDICATION ADHERENCE ON HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OF DIABETIC PATIENTS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA: FINDINGS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: ALSHAYBAN Dhfer , JOSEPH Royes
Published: August 2021

Diabetes is a common chronic disease that is considered as one of the fastest-growing health problems in the world. Adherence to medications could be an important factor in reducing these complications and improving the quality of life. The purpose of this research was to assess the impact of treatment adherence on health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. A multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out among 368 diabetes patients. General Medication Adherence Scale was used to assess the adherence level and EuroQol-5D to assess the quality of life. The results show that 19%, 21%, and 23% of patients had maintained low medication adherence due to patient’s intentional or unintentional behavior due to additional diseases or pills burden and due to financial constraints, respectively. Overall, 43% (n=162) participants had maintained high medication adherence, and 37% (n=138) had maintained low medication adherence to antidiabetic drugs. Nearly one-third (31%) of patients with high overall adherence had perfect health state in comparison with 4% among patients with low adherence. Further, the lower proportion (21%) of patients with high overall adherence had perfect health state in comparison with that among patients with low adherence (34%). In addition to the overall adherence, the association was statistically significant for the domains related to non-adherence due to the patient’s intentional or unintentional behavior (p-value 0.001) and non-adherence due to additional diseases or pills burden (p-value 0.001) after taking into account of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the policymakers should establish an intervention to improve adherence to diabetic treatment, and thus improve the quality of life for the type 2 diabetic patients.
RESEARCH OF THE MECHANISM OF OIL RECOVERY FROM HYDROCARBON DEPOSITS WITH LOW PERMEABILITY RESERVOIRS
Authors: KUANGALIEV Zinon A , DOSKASIYEVA Gulsin S , MARDANOV Altynbek S
Published: August 2021

The main part of Russia's hard-to-recover reserves is 73% for low-grade and carbonate reservoirs, 12% for high-viscosity oil, about 15% of extensive sub-gas zones of oil and gas deposits and 7% of reservoirs lying at great depths. The development of such stocks with the usage of traditional technologies is economically inefficient. It requires the application of new technologies for their development and fundamentally new approaches to design, taking into account the features of extraction of hard-to-extract reserves (HtER). The purpose of this research is to find ways to improve the performance of low-permeability reservoirs. To accomplish this task, the Novobogatinsk South-Eastern Oil Field has been taken as an example and described. The necessary properties of production facilities in the field are highlighted, along with economic feasibility and technological efficiency. The reserves involved in the development are determined and, thanks to the knowledge of the geological oil reserves of the deposits, the potential oil recovery factor is calculated with the existing development technology. As a result of the research, development options were worked out with the results of the calculation of design indicators for the field as a whole. The comparison of oil recovery schedules and ORI, as well as the layout of wells, have been presented. As a result of the study, a description of 3 options for the development of design indicators for the field as a whole is given. The figures show oil production graphs, as well as location patterns. The authors of the study conclude which of the recommended development options can help extract maximum oil reserves.
MONITORING AND RELATIONSHIP OF COD AND BOD5 PARAMETERS IN AFLUENT AND TREATED SEWAGE FROM ITAJUBÁ AND PEDRALVA CITIES, MG
Authors: BUDEIZ Victor , AGUIAR André
Published: August 2021

One of the main characteristics evaluated in municipal sewage treatment is the organic matter content, usually based on the analysis of Chemical and Biochemical Oxygen Demands, COD, and BOD respectively. The objective of this work was to analyze and compare the relation between the COD and BOD parameters for raw sewage (effluent) and treated sewage of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of the cities of Itajubá and Pedralva, both localized in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Due to the data obtained over two years from the state sanitation company, the analysis of ratios and linear correlation between COD and BOD5 were performed, as well as their removal (%) to verify the WWTP efficiencies. The COD/BOD5 value of 2.13 was obtained for the affluent of Itajubá city, while for Pedralva was 2.20. These values are common at the typical range of raw domestic wastewater, and no evidence of industrial contribution was found. The values of the linear correlation coefficient (R²) between the COD and BOD5 parameters for affluent of Itajubá and Pedralva were 0.8585 and 0.4863, respectively, suggesting that BOD5 value can be estimated from COD only in the first case (R2>0.8). For treated sewage samples from both WWTPs, this approach is not appropriate because the R2 values were lower than 0.3. According to current state legislation (COPAM/CERH nº 01), the two WWTPs efficiently removed the BOD5, while Itajubá WWTP showed COD removal slightly below the stipulated. Following federal legislation (CONAMA nº 430), both WWTPs have efficiently removed BOD5.
REDUCTION OF DEFECTIVE CONDITIONS OF THE WIND POWER PLANT OPERATION AT RESERVING THE OPERATION MODES OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
Authors: SHUYUSHBAYEVA Nurgul N , SAGIMBAEVA Shynar Zh , MUSSENOVA Elmira K , BIZHANOVA Karlygash B , ZHANTURINA Nurgul N
Published: August 2021

The current pace of the global economy requires a significant increase in energy production. At the same time, the reserves of traditional natural fuels, such as natural gas and oil, are gradually being depleted. Therefore, conventional energy is being replaced by an alternative. Developing the operation technology of the devices that ensure the functioning of alternative energy enterprises is based on the fact that the reliability of such devices should be at the level of traditional power plants. Each device must be not only fault-tolerant but also easy to maintain. It is often considered to be portable and self-contained devices capable of generating energy without excessive maintenance of the equipment by the technical service. The article aimed to solve the problem of using wind energy in a remote area. The leading research method was graph theory analysis. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that it offers the formation of a model that will meet the standards of functioning at the level of the most significant industrial models used in alternative energy as one of the objects of pure energy production. A wind power generation plant is used as a similar facility. It was revealed that this issue should be considered only provided that such a facility will produce energy in an amount of not less than a similar sample of a traditional energy source in consumption by both industrial and standard consumers. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that each of the designed types of facilities can operate in almost any conditions and have high fault tolerance.
Towards Efficient Management of Solid Wastes: an Overview of Dumpsites in Ibadan Metropolis, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Oladunjoye M.A. , Adeniran M.A.
Published: August 2021

The impacts of dumpsites derived from contamination of soil, groundwater, surface water, plants, humans and the environment at large are becoming alarming. In response to the waste challenges and its implication on the environment, many researchers have carried out detailed investigations
on open dumpsites using geochemical, hydrological and geophysical approaches. This write up aims at assessing the current environmental implication of open dumpsite towards efficient management of solid wastes.
 The report reviews and synthesizes existing understanding of four active
dumpsites in Ibadan to provide a general assessment of the current state of knowledge on the dumpsites. Previous studies reviewed in this paper identified the threat that open dumpsites may pose to the environment from potential leaching of hazardous chemicals into the soil, groundwater and
the eco-system at large. Recent research revealed that groundwater, soils and plant found in close proximity with the dumpsites tend to accumulated heavy metals which indirectly has a high influence on the environment.
 Due to the significant impacts posed by the continual usage
of the dumpsites, government should provide standard landfill site, recycling and treatment facilities for effective management of the waste being generated.
Improved Acid Rain Resistance of High Calcium Fly Ash-sodium Hydroxide Geopolymer Mortar Cured at Ambient Temperature by Incorporating Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Chindaprasirt Prinya , Somna Kiatsuda
Published: August 2021

Geopolymer is an aluminosilicate material, synthesized from source materials rich in silica and alumina and alkali solution. This product provides similar strength to Portland cement concrete. Geopolymer exhibits a wide variety of properties and characteristics, including high compressive
strength, low shrinkage, acid resistance, fire resistance and low thermal conductivity. In term of acid resistance, acid rain is an important consideration due to global warming. Structures deteriorate as a result of persistence contact with acid rain with of pH less than 5. Thus, this research
aims to improve acid resistance of fly ash-NaOH geopolymer mortars by incorporating rice husk ash (RHA). Artificial acid rain solution was prepared by mixing nitric acid and sulfuric acid at the ratio of 70:30 v/v. The geopolymer mortars were immersed in 5% nitric acid, 5% sulfuric acid, and
5% synthetic acid rain solutions for 36 weeks. The evaluations of its resistance to acid solution was investigated with surface corrosion, compressive strength, and microstructure. The results showed that the incorporation of RHA improved the acid rain resistance of geopolymer mortar through
pore refinement and increase in strength. The mortar with fly ash to RHA ratio of 90:10 provided the highest compressive strength and good resistance to acid rain.
Program działań profilaktyczno‐rewalidacyjnych dla dzieci z upośledzeniem umysłowym w stopniu lekkim
Authors: Łukawska Maria , Dudek Mieczysław
Published: August 2021

W niniejszej publikacji zaprezentowano fragmenty programu profilaktyczno-rewalidacyjnego skierowanego do dzieci z upośledzeniem umysłowym w stopniu lekkim. Opierając się na literaturze przedmiotu wyjaśniono pojęcia: profilaktyka, rewalidacja i upośledzenie. W zasadniczej części artykułu przytoczono scenariusze działań, które osadzono w pięciu sferach rozwojowych, a mianowicie w płaszczyźnie: umysłowej, fizycznej, psychicznej, emocjonalnej i społecznej. Przybliżono też cele, zadania, metody, formy i ukazano sposób organizacji oraz ewaluacji opisywanych działań. Wskazano na potrzebę indywidualnego podejścia do ucznia z upośledzeniem umysłowym oraz uświadomienia nauczycielom i wychowawcom specyficznych potrzeb edukacyjnych dzieci z upośledzeniem. W końcowej części publikacji wysunięto wnioski istotne dla praktyki pedagogicznej.
Yatan Hastaların Kan Örneklerinden İzole Edilen Staphylococcus Spp. Bakterilerin Antibiyotik Dirençliliği
Authors: ORUÇ Osman , ÇELİK İbrahim Seyfettin , ÇÖMLEKCİOĞLU Nazan , AYGAN Ashabil
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bakteremi veya septisemi vakalarında kan kültüründe mikroorganizmaların teşhisi ve antibiyotik direnç/duyarlılıklarının tespiti tedavi için çok önemlidir. 2015 Ocak-Aralık ayları arasında laboratuvara gelen kan kültürü örneklerinden izole edilen bakterilerden Staphylococ suşlarının teşhisi ve antibiyotik direnç profillerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarına gelen kan örneklerinden Staphylococcus aureus ve koagülaz negatif Stahylococcus izolasyonları ‘BD Columbia 5% Koyun Kanlı Agar’ (Becton Dickinson, ABD), BD EMB (Eosin Methylene Blue) Agar ve BD Çikolata Agar (Kan Agarı No. 2) besiyerleri ile identifikasyonlar Vitek®2 ID Cards (Biomeriux, France) ve katalaz-koagülaz PYR testleri ile tamamlanmıştır. Antibiyotik duyarlılık testleri manuel olarak Bioanalyse® AST (Bioanalyse, Türkiye) disk difüzyon testlerinin yanı sıra Vitek®2 AST Card (Biomeriux, France) sistemleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Antimikrobiyal hassasiyetlerin belirlenmesi ‘Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute’ (CLSI) kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Farklı kan örneklerinden izole edilen 265 bakteri suşundan 161 gram pozitif bakteri (%60,5) izolatı araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Bunlardan 135’i Koagulaz Negatif Staphylococcus (KNS) (%50,4), 13’ü Staphylococcus aureus (%4,9) olarak belirlenmiştir. 122 KNS suşunun metisiline (%90,4) dirençli olduğu (MRKNS), S.aureus’ların ise 8 inin (%61,5) MRSA olduğu gözlenmiştir. KNS suşlarında sadece linezolid ve daptomisine karşı bir direnç gözlenmezken S.aureus suşlarında gentamisin, teikoplanin, vancomisin, tigesilin ve fusidik asite karşı direnç saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Antibiyotikler gibi toksik maddelere karşı yüksek adaptasyon gösterebilen bakterilerin tedavi öncesi direnç profillerinin belirlenmesi antibiyotik tedavi stratejilerinin planlanması için faydalı olacaktır.
Investigation of Some Physical Properties of CoAsS Crystal Under Pressure
Authors: ARSLANBAŞ Ferhat , KİLİT DOĞAN Emel
Published: August 2021

Density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) was used to inquire the structural, electronic, optical, elastic and thermodynamic properties of CoAsS crystal for the ground state (P=0 GPa) and for some pressure values such as 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 GPa. CoAsS crystal has a semiconductor character with 1.06 eV indirect band gap. By increasing the pressure on CoAsS crystal band gap values were increasing as expected but by 40 GPa band gap value intented to decrease because of the structural deformation caused by the high pressure. The graphs of electronic band structure, density of states, and the all graphs for optic and thermodynamic properties were plotted with all pressure values and given in one figure to provide an easy comparison. Elastic properties were also given to show the effect of pressure on CoAsS crystal. It was noticed that cubic CoAsS mineral was fragile.
Reflexões teóricas sobre Confiança Interorganizacional e Mecanismos de Governança da Gestão de Custos Interorganizacionais
Authors: Dos Santos Eric Ferreira
Published: August 2021

Este estudo objetiva verificar criticamente as relações teóricas entre os mecanismos de governança da área de interface da Gestão de custos interorganizacionais (GCI) e a confiança interorganizacional, segundo a tipologia de Sako (1992, 1998). Para o alcance do objetivo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, desenvolveu-se uma articulação teórica, o qual expôs-se as características dos atributos dos mecanismos e das confianças, observando os aspectos convergentes. A pesquisa revela que as características das confianças baseadas em contrato, em competência e boa vontade permeiam os mecanismos gerenciais disciplinadores, capacitores e incentivadores, respectivamente. Constatou-se que, a afirmação de Cooper e Slagmulder (1999) sobre a confiança ser a base da GCI pôde ser verificada teoricamente pela pesquisa. A GCI é suportada pela confiança entre as empresas, por isso o desenvolvimento deste atributo nas relações transacionais pode favorecer para o alcance do retorno total das empresas.
Editorial
Authors: Musial Nayane Thais Krespi
Published: August 2021

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Formulário de Avaliação
Authors: Musial Nayane Thais Krespi
Published: August 2021

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Towards a bullshit economy
Authors: Graeber David
Published: August 2021

Original English text of Vers une “bullshit economy”, Libération, May 27, 2020, available at www.liberation.fr/debats/2020/05/27/vers-une-bullshit-economy_1789579. This original was published in Anthropology for all (Nika Dubrovsky & David Graeber), May 28, 2020. available at https://www.patreon.com/posts/37626245. Originally untitled. Towards a bullshit economy was used by David Graeber in his personal Twitter to translate the French title used by Libération.
Plantas e filosofia, plantas ou filosofia
Authors: Marder Michael , Matos Andityas Soares de Moura Costa , Simões Ana Clara Abrantes
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo reflete sobre o atual interesse da filosofia e das ciências em geral nas plantas, em especial tendo em vista seu caráter coletivo e descentralizado, o que, longe de garantir qualquer mudança radical no pensamento e no mundo, pode representar um aprofundamento da deslocalização inerente ao capitalismo. Dessa maneira, partindo das complexas (ir)relações entre plantas e filosofia, aponta-se para a dimensão metafísica que o debate sobre a suposta “inteligência” das plantas envolve hoje, o qual pode ser contraposto a outro modelo, dificilmente capturável pelo capitalismo, qual seja, o do pensar-planta aqui brevemente delineado.
Homo ludens
Authors: Souza Joyce Karine de Sá
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste texto é apresentar a noção de jogo formulada pela Internacional Situacionista em sua fase inicial (1957-1960), marcada pela crítica à alienação na arte e na cultura assimiladas pela estrutura econômica capitalista burguesa. Vinculado à ideia de construção de situações, o jogo assume a função de unir a teoria à práxis e, para compreendê-lo, é preciso descrever o que os situacionistas entendem por decomposição na arte e a influência de Johan Huizinga quando desenvolvem a crítica contra a mercadorização da cultura, característica do capitalismo. Se, conforme defendiam os situacionistas, é necessário desenvolver uma nova maneira de viver que eleve a vida ao que a arte prometia, é por meio do jogo e da construção de situações que eles entendem que os obstáculos da alienação espetacular-mercantil podem ser aniquilados.
Prediction of Heatwave 2013 over Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India using WRF Model
Authors: Naveena N. , Satyanarayana G. Ch. , Raju A. Dharma , Umakanth N. , Srinivas D. , Rao K. Sivasankar , Suman M.
Published: August 2021

Heatwaves are acknowledged to be the major meteorological disaster, causing a noticeable impact on humans and animals’ lives during the last few decades. The number, frequency, duration, intensity, and areal extent of the heatwaves are on the rise during recent years. The Maximum temperature data of 2013 is analyzed to assess the synoptic nature, intensity, frequency, and various significant facets of the heatwave over the south peninsular states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Indian subcontinent experienced a major heatwave during 2013, which claimed 1216 human lives. Even though the highest intensity of maximum temperatures is observed in May over major areas of India, the increasing (incidence, duration, number of spells, and the sweltering temperatures) number of heatwaves are observed over many parts of the country. The northwest and southeast coastal regions are the two heat wave prone regions. The advection of heat from the northwest with the aid of north-westerly winds causes heatwaves over northwest India to sweep or move towards India’s southeast and east coast. The heatwave record over south-eastern India, i.e, Andhra Pradesh and the adjoining Telangana state during May 22–24, 2013 were described in this study. Maximum temperatures above 40°C are observed with a sudden rise by 6 to 7°C over the study region. An attempt is made to predict the maximum temperatures 72 hours before the existence of a heatwave at 3 km horizontal resolution using the Advanced core of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Model predicted temperature values match with observations and the statistical metrics show a high index of the agreement, lower values for root-mean-square error and mean absolute error. Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with this heatwave are also presented. The arrest of sea breeze, the hovering of diabatic heat because of subsidence is the factor that abetted the heatwave blockade over the south-eastern part of the country. The WRF model forecasts could present the occurance of the heat wave over AP and Telangana region with 72 hour lead time with high accuracy.
Real-time Monitoring of Bioaerosol in a Residential Property in Central Tokyo
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki
Published: August 2021

Real-time onsite monitoring of indoor airborne microbes in a residential property in central Tokyo was carried out in 2020 and 2021, following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A microbial sensor utilizing fluorescence emitted by microorganisms was used to measure bioaerosol concentrations in the living room and children’s bedroom as well as on the balcony. Indoor PM2.5 was also monitored simultaneously at certain time points using a PM2.5 sensor. The behavior of the residents was also recorded during some monitoring periods. The average number concentration of microbes as fungi in the living room was 15,100, 58,800, and 10,600 counts m−3 in spring, summer, and winter, respectively, increasing in summer when the outside temperature was high. Microbial number concentrations were closely related to human behavior, increasing rapidly during periods of physical activity, but decreasing again within 20–30 min of the activity ending. There was no clear correlation between indoor microbial number concentrations and PM2.5 concentrations, suggesting that indoor microorganisms are concentrated in coarse particles, such as dust, which are quickly removed via gravitational settling. The concentration of indoor airborne microorganisms decreased significantly after ventilation, and although an occasional increase was observed immediately after ventilation, concentrations decreased again rapidly within 10–20 min. These results suggest that even a short period of ventilation can significantly reduce the indoor bioaerosol.
As transformações do programa institucional de bolsas de iniciação à docência a partir da análise de seus editais
Authors: Santos Elciane De Jesus , Chapani Daisi Teresinha
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da análise dos editais do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid), publicados entre os anos de 2007 e 2020, assinalando as modificações ocorridas nestes documentos, a fim de se verificar possíveis tendências. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise documental, a partir de uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. Os resultados mostram que, a despeito do impacto positivo do Pibid nas licenciaturas, nas escolas de educação básica e na formação docente, o Programa vem passando por um processo de encolhimento, fragmentação e instrumentalização.