bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive evaluation of physio‐morphological traits of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties under salt stress
Authors: Feng Yuxi , Chen Zhao , Chen Luyun , Han Mengli , Liu Jiayi , Liu Yichun , Chai Rundong , Wang Jiamin , Sun Shengnan , Fan Jibiao , Yan Xuebing , Guo Yuxia
Published: January 2025

Salt is a major abiotic factor significantly affecting plant growth and development. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), a crucial perennial crop for livestock feed, shows significant differences in salt tolerance among different varieties. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the salt tolerance of 30 varieties of alfalfa under salt stress (0, 150, and 300 mmol L−1 NaCl). It showed that shoot height (SH), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), and root fresh weight (RFW) were decreased by 37.68%, 35.83%, 43.79% and 48.86%, respectively, under high salt stress. Photosynthesis‐related parameters, including chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll (TChl), and carotenoids (Car) contents of all varieties were decreased by 50.13%, 43.73%, 48.17% and 60.86%, respectively, and minimum inhibition of photosynthetic pigment contents was observed in the variety Salsa. The changes of antioxidant enzymes in different alfalfa varieties were also found under salt stress. For example, the APX of Sardi 7 decreased by 641.84%, while the APX of Phabulous decreased by 88.33% compared to the non‐treated controls. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified five major variables: Car, TChl, APX, Chl a, and POD. Finally, each variety's comprehensive tolerance membership function values were calculated by the membership function method, and the 30 varieties were classified into four categories by cluster analysis. Our findings indicate that Sardi 7, Salsa, Gannong No.8, Daye, and Instinct are alfalfa salt‐tolerant varieties. Our study provided baseline information on the response of alfalfa varieties to different salinity levels, which will help select or breed salt‐tolerant varieties.
Assessing the Impact of ICT on Export Performance: A Comparative Analysis of ASEAN‐5 and Partner Countries
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thanh Tuyen , Choi Chang Hwan
Published: January 2025

The study examines the effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on foreign trade in goods and services between ASEAN‐5 (Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia) and their trading partners. This research employs the System‐GMM estimation method to investigate the impacts of the ICT. The analysis is conducted using a panel dataset comprising of 5 exporting countries and 20 trading partner countries over the period of 2010–2023. ICT plays a crucial role in influencing the export performance of ASEAN‐5 countries overall, goods and services. First, various ICT variables have an impact on export. The fixed broadband subscriptions of ASEAN‐5 countries had a stronger positive effect on goods export compared to total export and services export. Moreover, the internet secure servers of importing countries only had a significantly influence on services export. Similarly, mobile cellular subscriptions of ASEAN‐5 countries showed a positive relationship with services export. Furthermore, mobile cellular subscriptions of trading partners had a more positive effect on total export and goods export than services export. Second, mobile cellular subscriptions and fixed broadband subscriptions had a stronger influence on export than internet secure servers. Finally, the individual regression estimation for each ASEAN‐5 member revealed that three ICT factors contributed to the increase in export volume in total, goods, and services between ASEAN‐5 countries and their trading partners. While ICT indicators had a stronger influence on export in Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia, they also had a significant and positive impact on export in Thailand and Vietnam. The research objective is to assess the impact of ICT application on ASEAN‐5 trade by measuring the influence of the ICT index on trade flows in goods and services. First, it analyses the differential impacts of ICT on total export, goods exports, and services exports of ASEAN‐5 to their trading partner countries. Second, it compares the differences in effects of total export, goods exports, and services exports between five ASEAN member countries. Finally, the study has important implications for the governments of Southeast Asian countries in proposing ICT development policies, contributing to international trade development and economic growth.
Rational design of low fatigue phase-transforming Cu-based alloys
Authors: Karami Mostafa , Chen Xian
Published: January 2025

In this study, we introduce a novel material descriptor and corresponding mechanical criteria to guide the development of low-fatigue shape memory alloys. Our approach synergistically combines compatibility theories, crystallographic algorithms, and micromechanical experiments to optimize materials through a two- parameter compositional tuning strategy. We demonstrate this method on a series of CuAlx1Mnx2 alloys, where the atomic composition vector x = (x1, x2) ∈ [0.17, 0.22] × [0.09, 0.11]. By employing a scalar-valued function to index the functional fatigue property based on cofactor conditions, we analyze the continuity and extremes with respect to compositional variables. Through just three iterative development steps, we identify the composition CuAl20.2Mn11.3, achieving a reduction in thermal hysteresis by a factor of 2 and enhancing mechanical reversibility up to 1000 cycles. This result underscores the potential of mathematical methods in designing complex materials with desirable mechanical properties. Our findings not only provide a theoretical framework for the design of shape memory alloys but also highlight the importance of integrating theoretical and experimental techniques to achieve optimal material properties.
Local genetic adaptation to habitat in wild chimpanzees
Authors: Ostridge Harrison J. , Fontsere Claudia , Lizano Esther , Soto Daniela C. , Schmidt Joshua M. , Saxena Vrishti , Alvarez-Estape Marina , Barratt Christopher D. , Gratton Paolo , Bocksberger Gaëlle , Lester Jack D. , Dieguez Paula , Agbor Anthony , Angedakin Samuel , Assumang Alfred Kwabena , Bailey Emma , Barubiyo Donatienne , Bessone Mattia , Brazzola Gregory , Chancellor Rebecca , Cohen Heather , Coupland ` , Danquah Emmanuel , Deschner Tobias , Dotras Laia , Dupain Jef , Egbe Villard Ebot , Granjon Anne-Céline , Head Josephine , Hedwig Daniela , Hermans Veerle , Hernandez-Aguilar R. Adriana , Jeffery Kathryn J. , Jones Sorrel , Junker Jessica , Kadam Parag , Kaiser Michael , Kalan Ammie K. , Kambere Mbangi , Kienast Ivonne , Kujirakwinja Deo , Langergraber Kevin E. , Lapuente Juan , Larson Bradley , Laudisoit Anne , Lee Kevin C. , Llana Manuel , Maretti Giovanna , Martín Rumen , Meier Amelia C. , Morgan David , Neil Emily , Nicholl Sonia , Nixon Stuart , Normand Emmanuelle , Orbell Christopher , Ormsby Lucy Jayne , Orume Robinson , Pacheco Liliana , Preece Jodie , Regnaut Sebastien , Robbins Martha M. , Rundus Aaron , Sanz Crickette , Sciaky Lilah , Sommer Volker , Stewart Fiona A. , Tagg Nikki , Tédonzong Luc Roscelin , van Schijndel Joost , Vendras Elleni , Wessling Erin G. , Willie Jacob , Wittig Roman M. , Yuh Yisa Ginath , Yurkiw Kyle , Vigilant Linda , Piel Alex K. , Boesch Christophe , Kühl Hjalmar S. , Dennis Megan Y. , Marques-Bonet Tomas , Arandjelovic Mimi , Andrés Aida M.
Published: January 2025

How populations adapt to their environment is a fundamental question in biology. Yet, we know surprisingly little about this process, especially for endangered species, such as nonhuman great apes. Chimpanzees, our closest living relatives, are particularly notable because they inhabit diverse habitats, from rainforest to woodland-savannah. Whether genetic adaptation facilitates such habitat diversity remains unknown, despite it having wide implications for evolutionary biology and conservation. By using newly sequenced exomes from 828 wild chimpanzees (388 postfiltering), we found evidence of fine-scale genetic adaptation to habitat, with signatures of positive selection in forest chimpanzees in the same genes underlying adaptation to malaria in humans. This work demonstrates the power of noninvasive samples to reveal genetic adaptations in endangered populations and highlights the importance of adaptive genetic diversity for chimpanzees.
The many misuses of the rape kit
The Secret History of the Rape Kit: A True Crime Story
Pagan Kennedy
Vintage, 2025. 256 pp.
Authors: Blum Deborah
Published: January 2025

Haphazardly applied, frequently lost, and often ignored, the vital forensic tool also has a troubling past
Impacts of EPA’s finalized power plant greenhouse gas standards
Authors: Bistline John , Bergman Aaron , Blanford Geoffrey , Brown Maxwell , Burtraw Dallas , Domeshek Maya , Fawcett Allen , Hamilton Anne , Iyer Gokul , Jenkins Jesse , King Ben , Kolus Hannah , Levin Amanda , Luo Qian , Rennert Kevin , Robertson Molly , Roy Nicholas , Russell Ethan , Shawhan Daniel , Steinberg Daniel , van Brummen Anna , Van Horn Grace , Venkatesh Aranya , Weyant John , Wiser Ryan , Zhao Alicia
Published: January 2025

Emissions reductions may be met with relatively small costs
Failure to replicate
Anatomy of a Train Wreck: The Rise and Fall of Priming Research
Ruth Leys
University of Chicago Press, 2024. 416 pp.
Authors: Lunbeck Elizabeth
Published: January 2025

A historian confronts the complicated origins and uncertain future of priming research
Ena-bile-ing liver cancer growth
Authors: Goessling Wolfram
Published: January 2025

Bile acids differentially affect immune cell responses to liver cancer
A long-ignored skeletal tissue filled with oil
Authors: Aguayo Viviana Hermosilla , Selleri Licia
Published: January 2025

Lipid-rich cartilage points to nonmetabolic functions of lipid vacuoles in mammals
Stress drives a switch in sex preference
Authors: Joo Bitna , Tye Kay M.
Published: January 2025

Distinct brain circuits control sex preferences in mice
In Other Journals
Authors: Simonti Corinne , Ray L. Bryan , Stern Peter , Nusinovich Yevgeniya , Yeston Jake S. , Lavine Marc S. , Suleymanov Yury
Published: January 2025

Editors’ selections from the current scientific literature
Losing ground
Authors: Cornwall Warren
Published: January 2025

Starved of sediment and losing protective reeds, the Mississippi River’s sprawling delta could soon vanish
Fish could personalize cancer treatments
Authors: Leslie Mitch
Published: January 2025

The first clinical trial of zebrafish embryos acting as cancer “avatars” will start soon
NIH sets out to double check biomedical studies
Authors: Kaiser Jocelyn
Published: January 2025

But so far, few investigators seem interested in having their work repeated
Effusive volcanic microcosm of a regional ignimbrite flare-up: Prolonged life cycle of the Chaxas Complex, northern Chile, and its influence on modern volcanic arc character
Authors: Lewis Charles , de Silva Shanaka , Cisneros de Leon Alejandro , Burns Dale , Villarroel Mattias
Published: January 2025

Volcanological and temporal development of the Chaxas Complex on the western edge of the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex of northern Chile is reported here in full for the first time. The Chaxas Complex is a collection of spatially and chronologically related lava domes and associated volcaniclastic deposits that was thought to be constructed between 8.35 Ma and 1.09 Ma, spanning almost the entire duration of the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex flare-up. Prior studies also suggested that the 4.18 ± 0.03 Ma Puripicar ignimbrite was discharged from a vent near the Chaxas Complex. However, development of the Chaxas Complex has not been detailed until now.

Redefined stratigraphy and volcanic history indicate a younger and shorter history for the Chaxas Complex than previously thought. The oldest unit described is the 5.44 ± 0.01 Ma Agua Perdida Rhyolite, which immediately underlies the 4.18 ± 0.03 Ma Puripicar ignimbrite that was sourced from buried vents to the north of the Chaxas Complex. Puripicar is in turn overlain by the 3.73 ± 0.02 Ma Embaucador Rhyolite. Following eruption of the Embaucador, the Chaxas Complex produced effusive domes, a sequence of local ignimbrites, block-and-ash flows, debris avalanches, and lahars between 3.54 ± 0.33 Ma and 1.242 ± 0.049 Ma. The 0.98 ± 0.03 Ma Purico ignimbrite caps the Chaxas sequence in the southeast.

Stacked on top of the Chaxas Complex and the buried Puripicar source vent to the west and north is a thick (up to 1 km) pile of dacitic (62%−66% SiO2) coulées and lava flows (the arc platform lavas) that form a basal platform to the 23-km-long Sairecabur-Escalante-Colorados-Putana arc volcano cluster, which define an unusually spatially dense zone of composite edifices. Based on mineralogy and geochemistry of the arc platform lavas, they are identified as a transitional sequence between the end of the Chaxas Complex and the development of the modern arc. U-Pb zircon ages of the arc platform lavas are as young as 0.07 ± 0.01 Ma but also carry zircon crystal cargo that chronologically overlaps with those in eruptions of the Chaxas Complex, connoting that intrusions of the Puripicar-Chaxas magmatic system are being sampled by younger arc magmas. The anomalously dense spatial density of this volcano cluster may reflect the filtering effect of a now solidified intrusive complex that birthed the Puripicar supereruption. Crustal priming by large silicic systems followed by focused “steady-state” arc activity is posited as a primary mechanism to overprint characteristic volcano spacing in the Central Volcanic Zone.
Supplemental Material: Metamorphism and tectonics of a continental arc root: Insights from garnet amphibolite in the North Qaidam tectonic belt, northern Tibet
Authors: Li Xiucai , al. et
Published: January 2025

Table S1: Concentrations of whole-rock major (wt%) and trace elements (ppm) for garnet amphibolite. Table S2: Chemical compositions of minerals in garnet amphibolite. Table S3: Zircon U-Pb analytical data for garnet amphibolite. Table S4: Zircon trace element data and temperatures obtained by Ti-in-zircon thermometry for garnet amphibolite.
Balancing precision and affordability in assessing infant development in large-scale mortality trials: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Robledo Kristy P , Rieger Ingrid , Finlayson Sarah , Tarnow-Mordi William , Martin Andrew J
Published: January 2025

Objective

Large-scale mortality trials require reliable secondary assessments of impairment. We compared the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3), a screening tool self-administered by parents, in classifying impairment using the ‘gold standard’ Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Bayley-III), a diagnostic tool administered by trained assessors.

Design

Analysis of 405 children around 2 years corrected age from the Australian Placental Transfusion Study, a trial conducted over 8 years.

Setting

Secondary analysis of international, open-label, multicentre randomised trial.

Patients

Children born <30 weeks gestation.

Interventions

Immediate (<10 s) versus delayed (60 s+) cord clamping.

Main outcomes

ASQ-3 and Bayley-III assessments around 2 years corrected age. Impairment (or developmental delay) was defined as <2 SD below the mean (<70) for Bayley-III domains.

Results

The area under the receiver operating curve for ASQ-3 domains predicting delay was 0.75–0.99. Sensitivity for predicting delay was 57%–100%, while specificity was 88%–90%.

We modelled the cost and sample size using a less expensive, though less precise, screening assessment for impairment compared with a more costly diagnostic assessment. For detecting a 25% reduction in the relative risk of delay, using ASQ-3 rather than Bayley-III could require double the sample size (15 000 to 30 000), but outcome assessment cost savings would be US$13M (EUR$12M). However, assessment cost savings may be outweighed by upscaling.

Conclusions

When measuring developmental outcomes in a large-scale clinical trial, using a more precise diagnostic tool may be financially prohibitive, so increasing the sample size and using a less precise but appropriately calibrated tool may be more affordable.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12610000633088.
‘They’re creepy creatures with human-like features’: children’s experiences of visual hallucinations in Charles Bonnet syndrome—a qualitative study
Authors: Jones Lee , Ditzel-Finn Lara , McDonald Leanne , Moosajee Mariya
Published: January 2025

Objective

Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) refers to the presence of visual hallucinations occurring secondary to visual impairment. The aim of this study was to understand the phenomenology of CBS in children and assess the emotional impact and support needs of patients and their families.

Design

Semistructured qualitative interview study.

Setting

UK.

Participants

Children (7–15 years) with an inherited retinal disease living with CBS and their parents.

Results

10 participants were recruited from six families (dyadic interviews n=4; parent-only interviews n=2). Thematic analysis identified five superordinate themes relating to experiences of CBS: (1) diagnosis journey, (2) hallucination phenomenology, (3) impact of hallucinations, (4) understanding and managing hallucinations and (5) experiences of support. The impact of CBS was broad and heterogenous, causing significant disruption to patients’ daily life. Limited awareness led to parents expressing largely negative healthcare experiences. Overall, the extent of knowledge and understanding of CBS was an indicator of successful self-management of the condition.

Conclusions

The journey towards understanding and managing CBS for both parents and children is challenging. Although coping strategies can lead to improved adjustment, visual hallucinations compounded the difficulty of living with a chronic visual impairment. Healthcare providers have an integral role in ensuring patients and families are effectively supported to allay fears and promote psychological well-being.
Painful skin lesions in a patient with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Gillmeister Antonia , Schmelz Renate , Zeissig Sebastian
Published: January 2025

We report on a patient with Crohn’s disease who developed an extensiveMycobacterium marinuminfection under combined immunosuppression.M. marinuminfection was initially neither considered nor screened for, leading to considerable disease progression. We believe this patient report helps to raise awareness of a rare but important opportunistic infection.
Dissolution and recrystallization behavior of microbially induced calcium carbonate: influencing factors, kinetics and cementation effect
Authors: Lv Chao , Tang Chao-Sheng , Zhang Jun-Zheng , Liu Hao , Pan Xiao-Hua
Published: January 2025

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a nature-based biomineralization method with significant potential in geotechnical engineering. Despite the extensive previous studies on this technology, the stability of calcium carbonate crystals formed during the MICP process and its impact on cementation effectiveness remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of varying curing conditions and durations on the stability of microbially induced calcium carbonate crystals. Throughout the curing period, pH levels of the solutions and the mass of calcium carbonate samples were monitored. Crystal morphology, crystalline composition, and cementation properties were examined using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and ultrasonic oscillation tests. The findings reveal that vaterite remained stable in MICP or bacterial solution but quickly dissolved in deionized water. While most vaterite underwent dissolution and recrystallization within the first day of curing, the presence of organic matter in the crystals led to 10-20% of the vaterite remaining undissolved after 28 days. The dissolution of vaterite tended to promote the growth of pre-existing calcite polymorph rather than forming new ones. Extended curing periods in deionized water increased the proportion of dissolved vaterite, resulting in higher calcite content and enhanced cementation properties, which provides new insights for optimizing MICP applications in geotechnical engineering.
Review of research studies on nitrous oxide emissions from manure-amended soils in Canada from 1990–2023
Authors: Hung Chih-Yu , Liang B. Chang , Pelster David E. , Grant Brian , Smith Ward N. , Vanderzaag Andrew
Published: January 2025

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from manure-amended soils are estimated to be 1525 kt CO2e in Canada. The accuracy of this estimate is dependent on emission measurements. However, obtaining accurate measurements is challenging due to the variable distribution of livestock types, climates, soils, and management across Canada. This study compares research studies on the temporal and spatial distribution of N2O emissions from land applied manure with emission estimates from the National Inventory Reports to evaluate how research aligns with key factors driving emissions. Overall, 122 articles were identified including 31 incubation, 57 soil chamber, and 8 micrometeorological studies (the rest were modelling). Although 51 (42%) of the articles were based in Ontario and Quebec, this region still warrants more attention, because its high livestock population and humid climate results in 68.7% of Canada’s N2O emissions from manure-amended soil. Dairy manure was most common with 55 studies, followed by swine (36) and beef (29). Emissions from beef manure applications are notably lacking in Quebec, while dairy and swine studies were reasonably aligned with provincial emissions. The underutilization of micrometeorological methods creates a significant gap in determining annual emissions. Increasing research focus on year-round and non-growing seasons would improve estimates. Additional studies using solid manure and/or a wider range of soil textures would strengthen the national emission estimate, which currently relies mostly on research involving liquid manure and medium-textured soils. Further research is needed to fill the identified gaps; specifically high resolution measurements, considering local livestock industries, and soil textures in humid climates.
Towards Immersive Cloud-Based IoT Education
Authors: Xue Fan Gabriella , Caesar Matthew
Published: January 2025

An increasing number of students are becoming interested in learning about the Internet of Things (IoT) space. However, today, we lack scalable and efficient ways to bring hands-on IoT learning to many due to hardware accessibility, system complexity, and deployment environment constraints. This paper presents ThingVisor, an IoT learning platform that enables hands-on IoT development in an immersive virtual space. Specifically, it allows users to design, test, and deploy IoT devices virtually in a simulated IoT world with static and dynamic software verification as a complementary tool to IoT education. ThingVisor consists of (1) a Device Design Stack to configure virtual IoT devices, (2) an Immersive Runtime Stack to interact with devices and environment, and (3) a Device Emulator, which is a runtime environment used to execute virtual devices to get their behaviors. Our experiments confirm the learning effectiveness and user satisfaction of our platform. Additionally, we have demonstrated the scalability and usability of the system through load testing and application of the System Usability Scale. Our results indicate that students can achieve up to a 32% improvement in their scores after engaging with ThingVisor for two weeks, irrespective of their prior experience.
False-Negative Review from the Mammography Audit: Refining Breast Imaging Practice
Authors: Garrett Heather V. , Brodsky Jennie E. , Ahmad Tabassum , Doherty Christina M. , Lee Michelle V. , McFarland Elizabeth , Bennett Debbie L.
Published: January 2025

False-negative results are rare for patients undergoing mammography, and awareness of common patterns in this cohort can refine mammography practice.
Supplemental Table 1 from Identifying Measures for Understanding and Addressing County-Level Disparities in Adolescent HPV Vaccination Coverage in North Carolina
Authors: Grabert Brigid K. , McKeithen Mary Catharine , Trogdon Justin G. , Spees Lisa P. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Myers Jenny K. , Spencer Jennifer C. , Gilkey Melissa B.
Published: January 2025

Description: Table with bivariate associations between 5 measures of rurality and 4 measures of geographic vulnerability. Table depicts prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals.
Sup. Figure 7 from Gastric Cancer Risk among Immigrants and Socioeconomic Groups in the Netherlands
Authors: Mülder Duco T. , van de Schootbrugge - Vandermeer Hilliene J. , O’Mahony James F. , Sun Dianqin , Han Weiran , Verhoeven Rob H.A. , van Loo Marlon , van de Veerdonk Wessel , Spaander Manon C.W. , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris
Published: January 2025

Observed stage distribution at the time of diagnosis of GC patients per level of socioeconomic status (I-V). The results are presented in totals and stratified by topographic location (non-cardia and cardia).
Supplementary Table S5 from The Influence of DNA Repair Genes and Prenatal Tobacco Exposure on Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Gene–Environment Interaction Study
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zhong Charlie , Ma Xiaomei , Metayer Catherine , Mancuso Nicolas , Gauderman W. James , Wiemels Joseph L.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Table S5 shows minP adjusted P values for tobacco x gene interaction in Latinos only.
Supplementary Table S3 from The Influence of DNA Repair Genes and Prenatal Tobacco Exposure on Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Gene–Environment Interaction Study
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zhong Charlie , Ma Xiaomei , Metayer Catherine , Mancuso Nicolas , Gauderman W. James , Wiemels Joseph L.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Table S3 shows a full list of G x E interaction p-values in the two main study sets (Latinos only), and meta-analyzed together.
Supplementary Figure S7 from The Influence of DNA Repair Genes and Prenatal Tobacco Exposure on Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Gene–Environment Interaction Study
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zhong Charlie , Ma Xiaomei , Metayer Catherine , Mancuso Nicolas , Gauderman W. James , Wiemels Joseph L.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S7 shows a "interaction effect size of G x E" comparison between Non-Latino white and Latino children with ALL compared to controls. The effect sizes generally are not associated as a group.
Supplementary Figure S5 from The Influence of DNA Repair Genes and Prenatal Tobacco Exposure on Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Gene–Environment Interaction Study
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zhong Charlie , Ma Xiaomei , Metayer Catherine , Mancuso Nicolas , Gauderman W. James , Wiemels Joseph L.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S5 shows bulk tissue expression for PDS5B. This gene is expressed highly in pre-B lymphoblasts which is the target for transformation in childhood ALL.
Supplementary Table S9 from Diet Changes and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hoang Tung , Cho Sooyoung , Shin Aesun
Published: January 2025

Baseline characteristics of cancer-free individuals who had dietary data at both baseline and follow-up visit and individuals who had dietary data at baseline only
Supplementary Table S4 from Diet Changes and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hoang Tung , Cho Sooyoung , Shin Aesun
Published: January 2025

Sensitivity analysis of associations between dietary changes and colorectal cancer risk excluding colorectal cancer cases diagnosed within 1 year since latest follow-up
Supplementary Table S3 from Diet Changes and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hoang Tung , Cho Sooyoung , Shin Aesun
Published: January 2025

Subgroup analysis of associations between dietary changes and colorectal cancer risk in White individuals
Supplementary Table S12 from Diet Changes and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hoang Tung , Cho Sooyoung , Shin Aesun
Published: January 2025

Multinomial regression for the association between baseline to latest follow-up duration and dietary changes
Table S3 from Risk of Developing a Subsequent Primary Cancer among Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Warkentin Matthew T. , Cheung Winson Y. , Brenner Darren R. , O’Sullivan Dylan E.
Published: January 2025

Supplemental Table 3. Relative risk of developing a subsequent primary cancer (SPC) based on age at the first primary cancer (FPC) diagnosis. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals are reported by age at FPC and sex.
Figure S1 from Risk of Developing a Subsequent Primary Cancer among Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Warkentin Matthew T. , Cheung Winson Y. , Brenner Darren R. , O’Sullivan Dylan E.
Published: January 2025

Supplemental Figure 1. Risk of subsequent primary cancer development. Cumulative incidence curves for death (from any cause) or the development of a subsequent primary cancer (SPC) for all cancer survivors in Alberta (2004 to 2020), separately by sex. Risks are reported at 2, 5, 10, and 15 years.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Biomarkers of Nicotine and Toxicant Exposure by E-Liquid Nicotine Concentration Level among US Adult Exclusive E-Cigarette Users
Authors: Dai Hongying Daisy , Reyes Sara , Buckley James , Maloney Patrick
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S1 describes the flow chart that creates the final analytical sample.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Small Area Estimation of PSA Testing in US States and Counties
Authors: Liu Benmei , Pleis John R. , Khan Diba , Parsons Van L. , Lee Richard , Cai Bill , Town Machell , Feuer Eric J. , He Yulei
Published: January 2025

Model diagnosis plots from the 2018-2019 county-level theta model. This figure shows the trace plot, the autocorrelation plot, and the density plot of the MCMC values for the model precision parameter A1.
Supplementary Figure S5 from Treatment and Survival Differences between Patients with Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Versus Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Anampa Jesus D. , Lin Shuwen , Obeng-Gyasi Samilia , Xue Xiaonan
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S5 shows annual hazard rates of breast cancer-specific death in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma vs. invasive lobular carcinoma with known HER2 status. Patients with breast cancer diagnosed between 2010-2020 were selected from the SEER database, 12 registries and submission of November 2022. Abbreviations: SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Treatment and Survival Differences between Patients with Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Versus Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Anampa Jesus D. , Lin Shuwen , Obeng-Gyasi Samilia , Xue Xiaonan
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S2 shows the trends in diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma over time. Patients with breast cancer diagnosed between 1992-2020 were selected from the SEER database, 12 registries and submission of November 2022. Abbreviations: SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Treatment and Survival Differences between Patients with Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Versus Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Anampa Jesus D. , Lin Shuwen , Obeng-Gyasi Samilia , Xue Xiaonan
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S1 shows Strobe diagram of the data selection. Patients with breast cancer diagnosed between 1992-2020 were selected from the SEER database, 12 registries and submission of November 2022. Abbreviations: SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.
Table S4 - Corrected p-values from Strength in Numbers: Identifying a Significant Association between High Serum Ferritin Levels and Newly Diagnosed Malignancy in a Large Health Organization Cohort
Authors: Simchovitz Gesher Alon , Grinin Keren , Atias Dor , Patalon Tal , Gazit Sivan , Hoshen Moshe , Dagan Amir
Published: January 2025

FDR-Adjusted p values of subgroup analysis
Table S3 - Bias in SF testing from Strength in Numbers: Identifying a Significant Association between High Serum Ferritin Levels and Newly Diagnosed Malignancy in a Large Health Organization Cohort
Authors: Simchovitz Gesher Alon , Grinin Keren , Atias Dor , Patalon Tal , Gazit Sivan , Hoshen Moshe , Dagan Amir
Published: January 2025

Comparison of MHS members who did or did not perform SF test, based on synthetic data of members who performed lab tests in 2016
Table S9 from Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity Is an Independent Predictor of Worse Survival for Gastric Cancer in a Multicenter Safety-Net Patient Population
Authors: Klingbeil Kyle D. , Dillon Dustin L. , Zarrinkhoo Erfan , Bechay Kirollos , Park Joon Y. , Rook Jordan M. , Mederos Michael A. , Girgis Mark D. , Chen Keren , Chen Kuan-Ting , Bastani Roshan , Manouchehr-Pour Shawdi , Dubé Priyanka , Viragh Karoly , Thomas Mariam , Chiu Victor , Kadera Brian E.
Published: January 2025

Time-To-Event Time Variable to Address Non-Proportional Hazards of Ethnicity
Table S5 from Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity Is an Independent Predictor of Worse Survival for Gastric Cancer in a Multicenter Safety-Net Patient Population
Authors: Klingbeil Kyle D. , Dillon Dustin L. , Zarrinkhoo Erfan , Bechay Kirollos , Park Joon Y. , Rook Jordan M. , Mederos Michael A. , Girgis Mark D. , Chen Keren , Chen Kuan-Ting , Bastani Roshan , Manouchehr-Pour Shawdi , Dubé Priyanka , Viragh Karoly , Thomas Mariam , Chiu Victor , Kadera Brian E.
Published: January 2025

Schoenfeld Residuals Test
Table S10 from Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity Is an Independent Predictor of Worse Survival for Gastric Cancer in a Multicenter Safety-Net Patient Population
Authors: Klingbeil Kyle D. , Dillon Dustin L. , Zarrinkhoo Erfan , Bechay Kirollos , Park Joon Y. , Rook Jordan M. , Mederos Michael A. , Girgis Mark D. , Chen Keren , Chen Kuan-Ting , Bastani Roshan , Manouchehr-Pour Shawdi , Dubé Priyanka , Viragh Karoly , Thomas Mariam , Chiu Victor , Kadera Brian E.
Published: January 2025

Sensitivity analysis for Race/Ethnicity
Data from Urinary Cotinine and Cotinine + Trans-3′-Hydroxycotinine (TNE-2) Cut-points for Distinguishing Tobacco Use from Nonuse in the United States: PATH Study (2013–2014)
Authors: Edwards Kathryn C. , Naz Tasmia , Stanton Cassandra A. , Goniewicz Maciej L. , Hatsukami Dorothy K. , Smith Danielle M. , Wang Lanqing , Villanti Andrea , Pearson Jennifer , Blount Benjamin C. , Bansal-Travers Maansi , Feng June , Niaura Raymond , Manderski Michelle T. Bover , Sosnoff Connie S. , Delnevo Cristine D. , Duffy Kara , Del Valle-Pinero Arseima Y. , Rostron Brian L. , Everard Colm , Kimmel Heather L. , van Bemmel Dana M. , Hyland Andrew
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground:
Determine the overall, sex-, and racially/ethnically-appropriate population-level cotinine and total nicotine equivalents (TNE-2, the molar sum of the two major nicotine metabolites) cut-points to distinguish tobacco users from nonusers across multiple definitions of use (e.g., exclusive vs. polytobacco, and daily vs. non-daily).
Methods:
Using Wave 1 (2013–2014) of the U.S. Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, we conducted weighted Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine the optimal urinary cotinine and TNE-2 cut-points, stratified by sex and race/ethnicity.
Results:
For past 30-day exclusive cigarette users, the cotinine cut-point that distinguished them from nonusers was 40.5 ng/mL, with considerable variation by sex (male: 22.2 ng/mL; female: 43.1 ng/mL) and between racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic other: 5.2 ng/mL; non-Hispanic black: 297.0 ng/mL). A similar, but attenuated, pattern emerged when assessing polytobacco cigarette users (overall cut-point = 39.1 ng/mL, range = 5.5 ng/mL–80.4 ng/mL) and any tobacco users (overall cut-point = 39.1 ng/mL, range = 4.8 ng/mL–40.0 ng/mL). Using TNE-2, which is less impacted by racial differences in nicotine metabolism, produced a comparable pattern of results although reduced the range magnitude.
Conclusions:
Because of similar frequency of cigarette use among polytobacco users, overall cut-points for exclusive cigarette use were not substantially different from cut-points that included polytobacco cigarette use or any tobacco use. Results revealed important differences in sex and race/ethnicity appropriate cut-points when evaluating tobacco use status and established novel urinary TNE-2 cut-points.
Impact:
These cut-points may be used for biochemical verification of self-reported tobacco use in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials.
Data from Physical Activity during Adolescence and Early Adulthood and Breast Cancer Risk before Age 40 Years
Authors: Kehm Rebecca D. , Genkinger Jeanine M. , Knight Julia A. , MacInnis Robert J. , Liao Yuyan , Li Shuai , Weideman Prue C. , Chung Wendy K. , Kurian Allison W. , Colonna Sarah V. , Andrulis Irene L. , Buys Saundra S. , Daly Mary B. , John Esther M. , Hopper John L. , Terry Mary Beth
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground:
Breast cancer incidence is increasing in women under age 40, underscoring the need for research on breast cancer risk factors for younger women.
Methods:
We used data from an international family cohort (n = 26,348) to examine whether recreational physical activity (RPA) during adolescence and early adulthood is associated with breast cancer risk before age 40. The cohort includes 2,502 women diagnosed with breast cancer before age 40, including 2,408 diagnosed before study enrollment (68% within 5 years of enrollment). Women reported their average hours per week of moderate and strenuous RPA during adolescence (12–17 years) and early adulthood (25–34 years), which were converted to total age-adjusted metabolic equivalents per week and categorized into quartiles. We conducted attained age analyses until age 40 (follow-up time began at age 18) using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for study center, race and ethnicity, and education.
Results:
Being in the highest versus lowest quartile of RPA during adolescence and early adulthood were respectively associated with 12% [HR (95% confidence interval, or CI), 0.88 (0.78–0.98)] and 16% [HR (95% CI), 0.84 (0.74–0.95) lower breast cancer risks before age 40. Being in the highest quartile of RPA during both adolescence and early adulthood (Pearson correlation = 0.52) versus neither time point was associated with a 22% lower risk [HR (95% CI), 0.78 (0.68–0.89)].
Conclusions:
Findings suggest that RPA during adolescence and early adulthood may lower breast cancer risk before age 40.
Impact:
Policies promoting physical activity during adolescence and early adulthood may be important for reducing the growing burden of breast cancer in younger women.
Data from Diet Changes and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hoang Tung , Cho Sooyoung , Shin Aesun
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground:
Modifying dietary behaviors into healthier habits may attenuate the risk of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary changes and the risk of colorectal cancer.
Methods:
Following dietary recommendations for red and processed meat, fruit and vegetables, and alcohol consumption, we classified 50,640 participants into poor and good adherence groups in the UK Biobank. Changes in dietary habits were defined as stable poor, poor to good, good to poor, and stable to good adherences. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the association between dietary changes and colorectal cancer risk.
Results:
Women were more likely to follow dietary recommendations than men. After a median of 3.3 years from the latest follow-up, 8,328 (16.4%) participants followed an improved dietary habit and 5,808 (11.5%) participants had a worsened diet. Compared with men who stably consumed fruit and vegetables <5 servings/day, those who increased their consumption to ≥5 servings/day were related to colorectal cancer risk reduction [HR: 0.24 (0.09–0.63)]. However, the beneficial associations of increased fruit and vegetable consumption were not statistically significant in women [HR: 0.41 (0.11–1.56)].
Conclusions:
Our findings support the evidence that increasing fruit and vegetable intake could serve as a beneficial strategy to mitigate colorectal cancer risk in men.
Impact:
Participants from the UK Biobank significantly changed their adherence to dietary recommendations during the follow-up. Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk among men.
Data from Risk of Developing a Subsequent Primary Cancer among Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Warkentin Matthew T. , Cheung Winson Y. , Brenner Darren R. , O’Sullivan Dylan E.
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground:
Improvements in cancer control have led to a drastic increase in cancer survivors who may be at an elevated risk of developing subsequent primary cancers (SPC). In this study, we assessed the risk and patterns of SPC development among 196,858 adult cancer survivors in Alberta, Canada.
Methods:
We used data from the Alberta Cancer Registry to identify all first primary cancers occurring between 2004 and 2020. A SPC was considered as the next primary cancer occurring in a different site. We estimated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for SPC development as the observed number of SPC (O) divided by the expected number of SPC (E), in which E is a weighted sum of the population-based year–age–sex–specific incidence rates and the corresponding person-years of follow-up.
Results:
The risk of developing a SPC up to 15 years after an initial cancer was 16.2% for males and 12.2% for females. Overall, both males (SIR = 1.50) and females (SIR = 1.58) had an increased risk of a SPC. There were significant increases in SPC risk for nearly all age groups, with a greater than five-fold increase for survivors diagnosed between ages 18 and 39. Screen-detectable cancers including colorectal, lung, cervix, and breast accounted for 46% and 27% of SPC among females and males, respectively.
Conclusions:
Cancer survivors of nearly every initial site had substantially increased risk of a SPC, compared with the cancer risk in the general population.
Impact:
Screen-detectable cancers were common SPC sites and highlight the need to investigate optimal strategies for screening the growing population of cancer survivors.
Data from Strength in Numbers: Identifying a Significant Association between High Serum Ferritin Levels and Newly Diagnosed Malignancy in a Large Health Organization Cohort
Authors: Simchovitz Gesher Alon , Grinin Keren , Atias Dor , Patalon Tal , Gazit Sivan , Hoshen Moshe , Dagan Amir
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground:
Ferritin, an iron storage protein and acute phase reactant, has been implicated in various aspects of human health and disease, including cancer. Previous studies have identified elevated serum ferritin (SF) levels in several cancer types, but a comprehensive examination across different malignancies remains lacking. This study aims to fill this gap by utilizing anonymized data from Maccabi Health Services (MHS), one of Israel’s largest health organizations, to explore the association between elevated SF levels and the diagnosis of different malignancies.
Methods:
An extensive dataset from MHS, comprising 2.7 million members, including 1.3 million individuals who underwent SF level testing, was analyzed. ORs and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess the association between high SF levels and cancer diagnosis. Subgroup analysis was conducted to investigate variations across different malignancies.
Results:
The analysis revealed a significant association between elevated SF levels and cancer diagnosis among MHS members, with an OR of 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.71–2.15). Subgroup analysis unveiled differences in the association across malignancy types, with hematologic, hepatobiliary, and respiratory malignancies more strongly associated with high SF levels.
Conclusions:
This study provides further support for the link between elevated SF levels and malignancy, leveraging a vast dataset from MHS, underscoring potential utilities of elevated SF levels as a potential indicator for cancer with a variable role among different malignancy types.
Impact:
The identification of elevated SF levels as a potential indicator for underlying malignancy for seemingly healthy individuals
Figure S9 from Transient EZH2 Suppression by Tazemetostat during In Vitro Expansion Maintains T-Cell Stemness and Improves Adoptive T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Hou Yingqin , Zak Jaroslav , Shi Yujie , Pratumchai Isaraphorn , Dinner Brandon , Wang Wenjian , Qin Ke , Weber Evan W. , Teijaro John R. , Wu Peng
Published: January 2025

Figure S8 Phenotype analysis of OT-I cells from B16-OVA tumor and EZH2 knockout provided a similar phenotype of OT-I cells as tazemetostat inhibition but impaired survival upon restimulation.
Figure S4 from Transient EZH2 Suppression by Tazemetostat during In Vitro Expansion Maintains T-Cell Stemness and Improves Adoptive T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Hou Yingqin , Zak Jaroslav , Shi Yujie , Pratumchai Isaraphorn , Dinner Brandon , Wang Wenjian , Qin Ke , Weber Evan W. , Teijaro John R. , Wu Peng
Published: January 2025

Figure S4 OT-I splenocytes were stimulated with 500 nM OVA257-264 for 3 days in the presence of 60 IU/mL IL2 and analyzed on day3.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Complement Factor H Is an ICOS Ligand Modulating Tregs in the Glioma Microenvironment
Authors: Smolag Karolina I. , Olszowka Jakub , Rosberg Rebecca , Johansson Elinn , Marinko Elisabet , Leandersson Karin , O’Connell David J. , Governa Valeria , Tuysuz Emre Can , Belting Mattias , Pietras Alexander , Martin Myriam , Blom Anna M.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary figure 4. Staining control for human samples and additional information about patients (A) Histology and (B) clinical parameters of glioma patients. MGMT-methylation status; TMZ-temozolomide; Adj-adjusted. WT – wild type.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Complement Factor H Is an ICOS Ligand Modulating Tregs in the Glioma Microenvironment
Authors: Smolag Karolina I. , Olszowka Jakub , Rosberg Rebecca , Johansson Elinn , Marinko Elisabet , Leandersson Karin , O’Connell David J. , Governa Valeria , Tuysuz Emre Can , Belting Mattias , Pietras Alexander , Martin Myriam , Blom Anna M.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary figure 3. Direct effect of FH on glioma cells Proliferation of PIGPC cells treated with medium only, 25- or 100-μg/mL FH (A) and H4 mock or FH-transfected (B) was analyzed after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours using CyQUANT assay. Data obtained at 24 hours was used for the normalization. (C) Correlation between FH and Ki67 gene expression in tumor cells from glioma patients, obtained from GEO database. Survival of PIGPC cells pretreated with 100 μg/mL FH (D-F) and H4 mock or FH-transfected (G-I) rendered apoptotic by treatment with 0.75 uM staurosporine for 24 h. Viability was assessed by Annexin V and Via-Probe staining. Data are means ± SD of (D, E, F) n = 4, (A, B, G, H, I) n = 3 independent experiments. Statistical tests: Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test (A, B), one-way ANOVA with Tukey´s multiple comparison test (D-I) Spearman’s rho correlation (C). (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns, nonsignificant; CTRL, control.