bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historias de niños. Repensando conceptos de masculinidades a partir de la sistematización de una experiencia educativa en Brasil
Authors: Vasconcelos Valéria , Toledo Vanessa , Oliveira Danielle , Marques Gabriela , Moreira Laryssa , Soldera Tabata
Published: January 2022

Las normas de conducta históricamente construidas en Brasil apoyan la estructura patriarcal impuesta intensamente por medio de la colonización europea. Cuando la sociedad reproduce y valida solo un patrón de comportamiento como correcto, refuerza posturas sexistas y autoritarias. La experiencia aquí sistematizada siguió los aportes teóricos de Oscar Jara y tuvo como objetivo investigar las concepciones de algunos niños sobre conceptos de feminidad/masculinidad y problematizar diferentes cosmovisiones, para reforzar la creación de valores más equitativos. A través de los círculos de conversación, buscamos relevar estereotipos retratados en el cine y en la literatura infantil que naturalizan la jerarquía y la dominación machista. Los resultados muestran cómo el machismo está arraigado en el imaginario social y se maniestadesde temprana edad. Concluimos que es posible romper lógicas impuestas que refuerzan diferentes tipos de relaciones sociales marcadas por la desigualdad. La cultura se construye social e históricamente, así como las ideologías, por lo que es fundamental un cambio de pensamiento y una conciencia crítica por parte de los sujetos.
Construcción y validación de un cuestionario sobre la gestión de los directores en la educación en ciudadanía
Authors: Iturrieta Serra Paz Alejandra , Redón Pantoja Silvia María
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo expone los resultados de una investigación de procesos metodológicos y fundamentos teóricos que permitieron la construcción y la validación de un cuestionario sobre los estilos de gestión del liderazgo de directores en educación para la ciudadanía en las comunidades escolares a partir de la percepción de los docentes. El itinerario de este artículo comienza con la denición de los tipos de liderazgo educativo y las categorías conceptuales que subyacen al denso y complejo constructo de ciudadanía y democracia en la escuela. La relevancia por contar con un instrumento que mida e identique un mapa de tendencias respecto del vínculo entre tipos de liderazgo y percepciones docentes de la democracia y la ciudadanía en la escuela son ejes fundamentales para la toma de decisiones en la política educativa y para hacer de la educación ciudadana una realidad en la vida escolar.
Escenario Hídrico en la Ciudad de México: Revisión 2019-2021.
Authors: García Lirios Cruz
Published: January 2022

The objective of this work was to compare the water situation reported in the literature with press releases on the problems. A study was carried out with newspapers and national circulation published from 2019 to 2021. The categories of service quality in a demarcation of central Mexico were analyzed. The Water Service Framing Inventory (IESH) was constructed to compare the diffusion of the media with the review of the literature, reaching a value of 102 points out of a total of 180. This finding was considered as evidence of a moderate media coverage of the press on the problems derived from water scarcity. Based on the results, its implications are analyzed with other studies carried out in the demarcation.
Turismo, comida y lugares: imágenes de la promoción oficial para el noroeste argentino
Authors: Troncoso Claudia
Published: January 2022

El trabajo se interesa en abordar algunos aspectos de la relación entre comida, turismo y lugares, en especial, las formas en que esta relación se construye desde el ámbito público a través de las estrategias de promoción oficial que se diseñan para convocar turistas. El objetivo es analizar cómo se presenta la gastronomía de las provincias argentinas de Jujuy y Salta como atractivo turístico asociada a lugares específicos. Se busca conocer de qué manera desde la promoción oficial se proponen lugares y experiencias a través de los cuales se concretaría el encuentro del turista con ese mundo gastronómico. Para ello se tienen en cuenta tres ejes temáticos: 1) la gastronomía y la comida construidas como atractivos; 2) los actores que participan en diferentes actos de consumo gastronómico en las escenas que recrea la publicidad; 3) los lugares elegidos por la promoción para presentar actividades relacionadas con la gastronomía. El análisis permite dar cuenta de las ideas e imágenes a través de las cuales la promoción turística de estas provincias construye asociaciones entre gastronomía y lugar marcadas por herencias culturales. Asimismo, pone en evidencia el papel central que la promoción le otorga a ciertos ámbitos y entornos como elementos constitutivos de las experiencias turísticas que propone.
De la colonización del territorio a la precarización del trabajo. Género, etnia y nacionalidad en temporeros/as de Atacama y Araucanía, Chile.
Authors: Valdés Ximena
Published: January 2022

Este artículo se propone abordar ciertos aspectos del funcionamiento del mercado de trabajo frutícola en clave género, etnia y nacionalidad y las estrategias empresariales de contratación en las regiones de Atacama y  la Araucanía. El mercado laboral en que participan mujeres, indígenas y extranjeros como asalariados temporales está sometido a la precarización y a la indefensión laboral como lo están temporeros y jornaleros en la generalidad de las agriculturas intensivas globalizadas. Se trata de trabajadores directamente vinculados a la expansión de los cultivos de exportación y a lo que llamamos “colonización del territorio”, vale decir, al hecho que la tierra cultivable ha estado crecientemente dedicada a producir alimentos para el mercado externo disminuyendo la superficie cultivable para nutrir a la población del país. Este mismo hecho es el que constituye el escenario laboral de los y las temporeros/as de la fruta. Esta categoría laboral de cerca de medio millón de mujeres y hombres, se encuentra a medio camino entre la integración laboral y la desprotección social en procesos de sostenida precarización laboral.
De la De la Fiesta de Inocentes a la Diablada Pillareña. Los cambios en una fiesta patrimonial del Ecuador, 1990-2020
Authors: Endara Fernando
Published: January 2022

La Diablada Pillareña es una celebración popular y patrimonial de la ciudad de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua, en Ecuador, que se realiza los primeros seis días de cada año. Para estudiarla utilizo un método autoetnográfico que aprovecha mis memorias cognitivo-afectivas de la fiesta como participante bailador implicado, cuya historia de vida, después de 15 años de baile, está atravesada por la diablada. Sigo a Gisela Cánepa Koch en su idea de la cultura expresiva, un concepto y un método que no busca significados ancestrales, esenciales, míticos o preestablecidos en las celebraciones andinas, sino que se interesa por los significados prácticos que se ponen en juego y que se actualizan en cada diablada. Para buscar las alteraciones de la diablada en el período 1990-2020, sigo a Alejandro Diez Hurtado, que propone tres tipos de cambios en las festividades andinas: cambios periféricos, cambios complementarios y cambios desestructurantes. Encuentro así dos momentos desestructurantes: la eliminación de los enfrentamientos a inicios de la década de 1990 y la declaratoria patrimonial de la fiesta de 2008.
Catálogos Latinoamericanos de Tesis en Antropología Social: una reflexión acerca del proceso de construcción, colaboración y entrega de resultados
Authors: Melville Roberto , García Chaac
Published: January 2022

El grupo de trabajo para el proyecto de los Catálogos Latinoamericanos de Tesis en Antropología Social fue presentado por el doctor Roberto Melville en abril de 2018 ante la Asociación Latinoamericana de Antropología. La versión 1.0 del catálogo mexicano se dio a conocer en marzo de 2018, y dos años después, en marzo de 2020, apareció la versión 3.0, en la que se agregaron los catálogos de tesis de diez países: México, Brasil, Guatemala, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Uruguay, Chile, El Salvador, Panamá y Venezuela. En este artículo reflexionamos brevemente sobre el camino recorrido y las características de un software pensado para la sistematización de registros bibliográficos y como una biblioteca digital desde una visión de futuro en cuanto herramienta eficiente, práctica, útil, flexible y perfectible.
Aportes desde los márgenes a la co-creación de prácticas otras de conocimientos
Authors: Leyva Solano Xochitl
Published: January 2022

Mi punto de partida son los despojos epistémicos que trajo consigo el disciplinamiento antropológico. Me enfoco en las prácticas otras de conocimientos y las contribuciones que hacen a las ciencias sociales las mujeres y otres racializadas rebeldes en los actuales tiempos de violencia y muerte. De la mano de comunicadoras comunitarias indígenas y garífunas abordo las formas otras de entender lo que en términos académicos llamamos “comunicación”. Reflexiono sobre algunos aportes epistémico-teórico-políticos zapatistas efectuados en medio de las guerras. Cierro sugiriendo que todas estas luchas epistémico-políticas pueden verse como un aporte colectivo desde los márgenes a eso que aún llamamos antropologías latinoamericanas.
Catálogo Venezolano de Tesis de Antropología: experiencias, impresiones y resultados
Authors: Altez Rogelio , Molina Verónica , Rago Victor
Published: January 2022

La crisis venezolana, que ha visto su punto más álgido en los últimos años, define el contexto donde hacemos vida. Partiendo de allí hemos desarrollado esta investigación. Recopilamos los datos de cuatro centros de investigación donde se imparten estudios de antropología en Venezuela (UCV, IVIC, ULA y LUZ) y conformamos el Catálogo Venezolano de Tesis de Antropología, como parte del Catálogo Latinoamericano de Tesis de Antropología Social. Exploramos la información obtenida y presentamos estadísticas donde se observan las tendencias históricas de la disciplina en Venezuela: el género de sus egresados, sus principales exponentes, su distribución en el tiempo y en relación con las subdisciplinas de la antropología y los distintos ritmos de productividad en el devenir histórico de cada espacio de enseñanza. Gracias a la revisión realizada, hemos logrado hacer un inventario del estado actual de los archivos venezolanos y de los trabajos que deben salvaguardarse como parte de nuestro acervo histórico.
La década de la violencia en Perú. Utopía andina, campesinado y crisis de la antropología andina
Authors: Sandoval Pablo
Published: January 2022

Este artículo reconstruye dos debates producidos en la década de 1980 en la comunidad de antropología peruana, donde se compartía una agenda común: la reflexión sobre la identidad y el redescubrimiento del “mundo andino”. Antropólogos e historiadores se vieron atraídos a participar en los debates políticos contemporáneos buscando encontrar la vigencia del racismo y la violencia de origen colonial en las prácticas de discriminación cotidianas en ese momento. Pese a las diferencias de perspectivas esta discusión sobre lo “andino” tomó dos caminos específicos: el debate sobre el Informe Uchuraccay liderado por Mario Vargas Llosa y el de la propuesta sobre la “utopía andina” protagonizado principalmente por Alberto Flores Galindo.
Los futuros del pasado. Marxismo, peronismo y revolución: una historia de las FAR
Authors: Stavale Mariela
Published: January 2022

Reseña bibliográfica. Libro: Los futuros del pasado. Marxismo, peronismo y revolución: una historia de las FAR. Buenos Aires: Prometeo, 2021
Dactilóscopos versus papilóscopos: disputas técnicas y personales en torno a la identificación del recién nacido en Chile, 1928-1956
Authors: Palacios Laval Cristián Enrique
Published: January 2022

Este artículo propone examinar las tensiones y conflictos en el Servicio de Identificación Chileno alrededor de la Identificación de los Recién Nacidos. Esta originó dos bandos: los dactilóscopos y los papilóscopos. Los primeros defensores de la Dactiloscopía, originada en La Plata, Argentina, y los segundos, la Papiloscopía, creada por Humberto Orrego Gauthier, sistema de recambio, que garantizaría dar solución integral al problema de la identificación humana. Mediante Revistas Institucionales, Obras especializadas, y documentos inéditos[1], problematizaremos la idea que la Identificación, como práctica ya institucionalizada, conllevó tensiones, competencias y rivalidades entre sus cultores técnicos

 

[1] Especial agradecimiento al sr. Clodomiro José Cabezas Dávalos hijo de Clodomiro Cabezas Cabezas, Jefe del Servicio de Identificación entre 1927 y 1931, quien ha guardado y atesorado una serie de documentos personales de su padre, de tremendo valor histórico para los estudios sobre la Identificación, la Policía y la Administración Pública en Chile.
Efecto de ácidos húmicos, biocidas y micronutrientes protectores en el control de plagas y enfermedades de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en Pichanaki
Authors: Parco-Quispe Máximo , Camacho Alina A. , Oscco Itnan , Parco Jhimy A. , Bobadilla Leidy G. , Dionisio Fiorela E.
Published: January 2022

En las plantaciones de cacao criollo fino de aroma de la selva central de Perú, existe una alta incidencia de plagas insectiles y fungosas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue disminuir la incidencia de estas plagas, a menos de 5 frutos dañados/planta, e incrementar la productividad en más de 50 %, con tecnología de bajo costo, que resulta de fácil adopción por pequeños, medianos productores y comunidades nativas, sin contaminar el medio ambiente. La metodología del experimento fue en campo y laboratorio, mediante un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, con 6 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. Los tratamientos aplicados fueron: T1- kallpapacha (200 mL / 20 L de agua), T2 - Goliat (300 g /20 L), T3 - Super Fungicob (50 g / 20 L), T4 - Trichoderma (200 g/ 20 L), T5 trichoderma + Pochonia (200 g cada una/20 L) y T6 (Testigo). Se evaluaron número de frutos sanos, número de frutos dañados por cada plaga. Como resultado se logró reducir la incidencia de plagas en su conjunto a menos de 5 frutos infectados por planta y se elevaron el número frutos sanos cosechados en más de 50 %. Por lo tanto, el conjunto de aplicación de los tratamientos y manejo agronómico fueron eficientes en el control de las plagas.
History of security as a new field of Western historical science
Authors: Kovalev Andrei Andreevich
Published: January 2022

The goal of this research lies in consideration of the history of security as a relatively new field of Western historical science. It can be achieved by solving the three interrelated tasks: 1) review of the concept of “security” as the subject of research of Western historical science; 2) analysis of the recent changes in the concepts of security that exist in modern historical science of Western countries; 3) examination of boundaries set by a particular historical era for implementation of the concept of security. Currently, even within the framework of Western historical sciences, which has systematically examined the phenomenon of security, it is difficult to speak of the existence of special history of security, although the works of the leading Western historians covered in this article, significantly contribute to examination of the security issues. Such issues are viewed through the prism of the events of world history. Analysis is conducted on the achievements of Western historical science in studying the phenomenon of security, as well as conceptual changes that have taken place within this problematic over the recent years. Any historical era establishes certain boundaries for the study and implementation of security. Western historical science has achieved considerable results in determination of the concept of “security” as the subject of historical research. Multiple humanities and social sciences explore the sphere of security; and the complex of historical disciplines examines security as an interdisciplinary concept that remains relevant throughout history of mankind. Security is a general concept, which is commonly used in historical research on the one hand; however, does not exists as an independent historical discipline. If political science, criminology, sociology, and jurisprudence, namely international relations, imply a consistent and broad field of research on security, history is yet to develop a corresponding subject category.  
The peculiarities of process structuring on maritime trade affairs (δίκαι εμπορικαί) in the IV century BC
Authors: Aleksandrova Olga
Published: January 2022

The subject of this research is the distinctive features of δίκαι εμπορικαί – special type of proceedings in the Athens People's Court of the IV century BC associated with maritime trade operations, which is of crucial importance due to the constant need of the Athenian State for imported grain. The main source for revealing the specificity of this type of proceedings are the speeches attributed to the remarkable Athenian orator Demosthenes: “Against Zenothemid”, “Against Apaturia”, “Against Phormio”, and “Against Lacrit”), as well as speech LVI ("Against Dionysodorus"). This topic is important for understanding the development of Athenian judicial system; however, it is virtually unstudied in the Russian historiography, except certain aspects in the works of L. M. Gluskina and L. P. Marinovich. The following conclusions are made:   - A distinctive feature of δίκαι εμπορικαί processes was the participation of foreigners and possibility of challenging the decision by filing a protest;   - They were announced to be held in a short period of time throughout the navigation period;   - The case was considered on the basis of a written agreement, which had privilege over all other laws. Due to such favorable terms, Athens remained attractive city for conducting trade. The Emporiums were allowed to conclude permanent deals based on the Athens’s need for grain, as well as could count on the quick settlement of conflicts if such emerged. This is how the Athenian State solved the problem of bread delivery to the city.
Daurian jew’s harp: a little-known musical instrument
Authors: Tsyrenov Chingis Tsybikdorzhievich , Tsyrenova Nomin' Dondokovna
Published: January 2022

This article examines the little-studied in the Russian scientific ethnographic and musicological literature Daurian traditional musical instrument mukulien (Chinese 木库莲), which is classified as jew’s harp. The goal of this article lies in determination of its role in modern spiritual culture of the Daurians, as well as characterization of the key stages of the history and evolution of mukulien, including the description of constructive peculiarities based on the material of folk legends and modern Chinese ethnographic research. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in scientific ethnographic literature, the Daurian jew's harp (mukulien) has not previously become a separate subject of research. The article employs the historical, ethnographic, philosophical and musicological analysis. The previously unstudied Daurian legend about the invention of mukulien by the Daurian widow to console her heart from grieving is introduced into the scientific discourse. As a result, the author traces the main stages in the development of mukulien in Daurian culture, as well as determines the key aspects of further study of the phenomenon of jew’s harp.
Prompts instrucionais como estratégia metacognitiva no ensino de arritmias cardíacas supraventriculares para estudantes de medicina
Authors: Mello Ricardo Negri Bandeira de , Fonseca Giovanna de Oliveira , Oliveira Amanda Perpetuo de , Peixoto José Maria
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Comparar o efeito de dois métodos de ensino (prompts instrucionais e estudo autodirigido) na competência diagnóstica de arritmias supraventriculares em estudantes de medicina. Métodos: Estudo experimental com três fases: avaliação inicial (fase 1), treinamento (fase 2) e avaliação tardia (fase 3). A amostra foi composta por 24 estudantes, que na fase 1 forneceram os diagnósticos dos ritmos cardíacos de 11 traçados de Eletrocardiograma (ECG). Na fase 2, a amostra foi dividida em dois grupos. O Grupo 1 adotou o estudo autodirigido, e o Grupo 2 prompts instrucionais. Na fase 3 (após uma semana), toda a amostra forneceu os diagnósticos dos ritmos cardíacos de 11 novos traçados de ECG. Resultados: Após a fase 2, os alunos melhoraram os escores diagnósticos em relação à fase 1, independentemente o método de ensino utilizado. Na fase 3, a média das notas do Grupo 2 superou o Grupo 1 (p = 0,034). Conclusão: O uso de prompts instrucionais no ensino de ritmos cardíacos, foi capaz de melhorar a acurácia diagnóstica dos estudantes para as arritmias estudadas.
Aplicação do processo de enfermagem ao paciente acometido por anemia falciforme: relato de experiência
Authors: Braz Zeila Ribeiro , Nascimento João Matheus Ferreira do , Ferreira Ana Clara da Costa , Silva Erielton Gomes da , Fernandes Yuri Ferreira , Leal Danila Barros Bezerra , Daniel Celina César , Sena Inara Viviane de Oliveira , Moura Maria Sauanna Sany de , Beleza Cinara Maria Feitosa
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem na execução do processo de enfermagem adotando as taxonomias NANDA, NIC e NOC aplicadas a paciente acometido por anemia falciforme. Relato de experiência: O presente trabalho trata-se de um relato de experiência referente a um caso identificado durante as aulas práticas da disciplina de saúde da criança e do adolescente. A anamnese e exame físico foram guiados por instrumento de exame físico e semiologia pediátrica. Foram realizadas três visitas ao hospital para avaliação. A criança tem um ano e quatro meses de vida, sexo feminino, branca, pesa 8.700 gramas, mede 82 cm, IMC < Percentil 3, em internação no hospital de referência da região.  Deu entrada no serviço apresentando palidez cutânea, dor abdominal, abdome distendido e esplenomegalia devido à crise de anemia falciforme. O diagnóstico de anemia falciforme ocorreu aos dois meses de vida através do teste do pezinho. Considerações finais: O presente estudo possibilitou a aplicabilidade prática do Processo de Enfermagem, proporcionando assistência ampliada e centrada na melhora do quadro clínico atual e da qualidade de vida.
A Síndrome de Burnout e os profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia de Covid-19: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Sá Vitória Vieira de , Morais Letícia Perim de , Fernandes Lorayne Assis Silva , Tarlé Lupébhia da Silva Nascimento , Verdin Maressa Precioso , Matos Maria Letícia de Melo , Macêdo Mariana Fernandes de Sousa , Ferreira Patrícia Coelho , Andrade Winicius Marcena , Caldeira Filho Maurício Lacerda
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Discutir a Síndrome de Burnout (SB), caracterizada pelo esgotamento psíquico relacionada à lida laboral no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19. Revisão bibliográfica: A SB é uma doença causada por uma falha no manejo do estresse crônico durante a atividade laboral e representa o maior índice de problema psicossocial. Ela está relacionada a profissões atreladas a valores e compromissos sociais, por esse motivo, o esgotamento mental e insatisfação pessoal podem desencadear Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático, ansiedade, depressão, ideações suicidas e dependência ou abuso de substâncias químicas. Sobre os cuidados individuais voltados à prevenção de SB é necessário ensinar ao profissional técnicas para controlar o estresse, conciliando terapias comportamentais, prática de exercício físico regular, meditação, intensificação do autocuidado preservando o descanso e equilíbrio entre os setores profissionais e pessoais. Considerações finais: A literatura apontou que os indivíduos expostos, como os profissionais de saúde do enfrentamento ao Covid-19, expostos ao stress e exaustão, estão imersos em um contexto tão extremo que necessitam de oportunidades para recuperar os recursos cognitivos e emocionais esgotados. Desse modo, ficam suscetíveis a desenvolver síndromes psicológicas, como o Burnout.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL REORGANIZATION OF THE MYOCARDIUM ON THE 60TH DAY AFTER DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY IN RATS
Authors:   Institute of Physiology of the NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, Fiodarava E. V.
Published: January 2022

Background. To assess the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin, it is of great importance to elucidate the nature and severity of tissue and cell damage, their ultrastructural changes, as well as to elucidate the features of myocardial remodeling in such conditions. Objective. The aim of the study was a qualitative and quantitative analysis of ultrastructural changes in the myocardium on the 60th day after doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Material and methods. Cardiomyopathy in rats was induced by doxorubicin given at a cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg for 14 days. The animals were removed from the experiment on the 60th day after last administered dose of the medicine. An electron microscopic research method was used. Ultrastructural analysis was performed using a JEM-100 CX microscope, and morphometric evaluation was done using the ImageJ data processing software. Results. Ultrastructural disorders of the myocardium of rats on the 60th day after doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy were characterized by: alterative changes of contractile apparatus and nuclear compartment of cardiomyocytes, activation of autophagic and necrotic cell death and compensatory mitochondria hyperplasia with T-system channels dilation; a variety of reactive changes of capillary endothelium in the form of nuclear hypertrophy and organelle hyperplasia in some endothelial cells along with intracellular edema and destruction of organelles in others, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in cross-sectional area of capillaries; activation of fibroblasts with a formation of interstitial and perivascular fibrosis; activation of autophagy processes in cardiomyocytes, fibroblastic cells and capillary endothelium. Conclusions. The established ultrastructural changes in the rat’s myocardium on the 60th day after the doxorubicin- induced cardiomyopathy indicate the complex effect of metabolic and angiogenic mechanisms of pathology development. Activation of autophagy processes plays an important role in myocardial reorganization in the late stages of doxorubicin myocardial damage.
Studi Elektrostatik Elektroda Runcing dan Aplikasinya pada Perangkat Floating Gate Memory
Authors: Noor Fatimah Arofiati , Kartiwa Gilang Mardian , Sulthoni Muhammad Amin
Published: January 2022

Pada penelitian ini, potensial elektrostatik dari struktur floating gate runcing dalam sel memori split gate dipelajari secara analitik dan numerik. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan pendekatan sederhana untuk mempelajari diagram pita energi pada perangkat memori. Diagram energi yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan untuk mempelajari transmitansi elektron dan rapat arus terobosan. Pada studi ini, floating gate runcing dimodelkan sebagai elektroda berbentuk segitiga. Profil potensial elektrostatik elektroda segitiga ini dihitung secara analitik dengan menyelesaikan nilai batas dari persamaan Laplace dalam koordinat polar. Profil potensial dari perhitungan analitik ini lalu dibandingkan dengan profil potensial dari simulasi numerik. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh bahwa profil diagram energi yang dihitung secara analitik cukup sesuai dengan yang diperoleh dari simulasi numerik. Adapun terdapat sedikit perbedaan antara profil diagram pita analitik dan numerik dikarenakan elektroda segitiga diasumsikan terbuat dari logam sehingga pembentukan sumur kuantum pada permukaan floating gate diabaikan. Dari hasil permodelan analitik diperoleh bahwa sumur kuantum yang terbentuk pada tegangan sekitar 10 V (sesuai dengan tegangan hapus perangkat memori flash) adalah cukup dangkal, sehingga profil potensial yang terbentuk menjadi sangat mendekati hasil simulasi numerik. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh pula bahwa rapat arus terobosan yang dihitung menggunakan model kami memberikan hasil yang sangat dekat dengan hasil perhitungan dari model injektor silinder yang digunakan oleh peneliti dari Silicon Storage Technology (SST) sebagai produsen produk flash memory dengan floating gate berbentuk runcing.
Elucidating the germanium distribution in ITQ-13 zeolites by density functional theory
Authors: Fischer Michael , Bornes Carlos , Mafra Luís , Rocha João
Published: January 2022

ITQ-13 is a medium-pore zeolite that can be prepared in all-silica form and as silicogermanate with Si/Ge ratios as low as 3. Usually synthesised in the presence of fluoride, ITQ-13 is among the very few systems containing fluoride anions in two distinct cage types, cube-like d4r units and [4·56] cages. Here, dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to investigate the energetically most favourable Ge distributions for Si/Ge ratios between 55 and 6. The calculations show Ge atoms are incorporated at both the corners of d4r cages and at the basal plane of the [4·56] cages, in accordance with 19F-NMR spectroscopy. Two Ge atoms at adjacent corners of [4·56] cages are stable at the highest Ge content considered (Si/Ge = 6). Such a local environment has not yet been considered in the experimental literature. A calculation of the corresponding 19F-NMR resonance points to overlap with other resonances, which might preclude its clear identification. Additional calculations investigate the variation of the dynamic behaviour of the fluoride anions as a function of the local environment as well as the selective defluorination of the [4·56] cages.
Divergent Synthesis of Indolenine and Indoline Ring Systems by Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Indoles
Authors: Gao Dong , Jiao Lei
Published: January 2022

Dearomatized indole derivatives bearing a C3- or C2-stereocenter exist ubiquitously in natural products and biologically active molecules. Despite remarkable advances in their chemical synthesis, stereoselective and regio-divergent methods are still in a high demand. Herein, a Pd-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric spiroannulation of 2,3-disubstituted indoles with internal alkynes has been developed for the efficient construction of indoline structures with a C2-quaternary stereocenter. Stereospecific aza-semipinacol rearrangement of these indoline derivatives under acidic conditions afforded indolenine products bearing a C3-quaternary stereocenter, where the selectivity for the rearranging group could be controlled by the reaction sequence. The asymmetric spiroannulation together with the subsequent aza-semipinacol rearrangement enabled a divergent access to dearomatized indole derivatives with either a C3- or a C2-quaternary stereocenter.
Sterically Frustrated Aromatic Enes with Various Colors Originating from Multiple Folded and Twisted Conformations in Crystal Polymorphs
Authors: Nishiuchi Tomohiko , Aibara Seito , Yamakado Takuya , Kimura Ryo , Saito Shohei , Sato Hiroyasu , Kubo Takashi
Published: January 2022

Overcrowded ethylenes composed of 10-methyleneanthrone and two bulky aromatic rings contain a twisted carbon-carbon double (C=C) bond as well as a folded anthrone unit. As such, they are unique frustrated aromatic enes (FAEs). Various colored crystals of these FAEs, obtained using different solvents, correspond to multiple metastable conformations of the FAEs with various twist and fold angles of the C=C bond, as well as various dihedral angles of attached aryl units with respect to the C=C bond. The relationships between color and these parameters associated with conformational features around the C=C bond were elucidated using experimental and theoretical studies. Owing to the fact that they are separated by small energy barriers, the variously colored conformations in the FAE crystal change in response to various external stimuli, such as mechanical grinding, hydrostatic pressure and thermal heating.
NGHIÊN CỨU NGHỆ THUẬT TRANG TRÍ LĂNG THIỆU TRỊ - MỘT SỐ VẤN ĐỀ LÝ THUYẾT
Authors: Lân Nguyễn Vũ
Published: January 2022

Tóm tắt: Lăng Thiệu Trị là một công trình quan trọng trong hệ thống kiến trúc cung đình, lăng tẩm của các vua triều Nguyễn, với những giá trị nhiều mặt về lịch sử, văn hoá, nghệ thuật kiến trúc, trang trí... Qua đó, có thể thấy nghệ thuật trang trí ở đây mang một phong cách riêng in đậm dấu ấn thời đại, thể hiện những khát vọng và lý tưởng của triều Nguyễn trong quá trình lịch sử. Nghệ trang trí tại lăng Thiệu Trị cho thấy những vẻ đẹp uy nghiêm, sâu sắc tạo nên những giá trị thẩm mỹ riêng biệt của lăng cũng như những giá trị về mặt lịch sử khá độc đáo, đặc trưng và đa dạng.Ở khía cạnh lý luận, việc tập hợp, hệ thống hóa, xác định những giá trị nghệ thuật, giá trị thẩm mỹ tiêu biểu của lăng Thiệu Trị sẽ là cơ sở lý luận cho quá trình tiếp tục nghiên cứu chuyên sâu mảng đề tài về nghệ thuật trang trí. Từ góc nhìn lý luận và lịch sử Mỹ thuật, nhận diện và giải quyết những vấn đề nghiên cứu.
COMPARISON OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION OF THE URAL MONOTOWNS
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Smirnov Oleg O. , Bezverbny Vadim A. ,   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Fomin Maksim V. ,   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS
Published: January 2022

The study attempts to comprehensively analyze the social, economic and demographic statistical indicators of 19 monocities in the Urals. The main regions of the Urals, where there are settlements with a single-industry specificity, include the Sverdlovsk Region, Chelyabinsk Region, Perm Territory and Kurgan Region. The monotowns of these constituent entities of the Russian Federation were analyzed for the level of economic and demographic development and further comparison with each other. For this, the work proposed and tested the index of economic and demographic development of settlements, which includes 14 indicators of the data of the municipal statistics of Rosstat. These indicators are analyzed both statically and dynamically in the period from 2012 to 2019. The result is a ranked list of monotowns in order of increasing level of development when compared with similar indicators of the macroregion. As a result, none of the mono-cities under consideration exceeded the macro-regional values, which means that these are still uncompetitive settlements, which are inferior to the more developed metropolitan and regional centers of the Urals. In order to improve this situation, assumptions were made for the future development of these settlements — three development scenarios were identified for three groups of single-industry towns. In addition, the existing division of monotowns by color spectrum was criticized as insufficiently reflecting the real level of their development. This conclusion should be considered during the subsequent testing of the index with a more expanded sample of single-industry towns, including the addition of settlements of the “green zone”. Only then is it possible to question the existing taxonomy with complete confidence.
Direct and indirect effects of health expenditure on economic growth in China
Authors: Penghui Xu
Published: January 2022

Background: The main social contradictions in China have changed: the core concept is high quality development. Health care investment improves the health of residents and promotes regional economic growth. Aims: To analyse the direct and indirect economic effects of health expenditure during 2012–2018 and to test whether China’s investment in health care meets the requirements for high quality development. Method: We selected spatial panel data reflecting the input and output of health resources. We used the knowledge production function and a model of spatial economics to conduct empirical analysis of 31 provinces to show the effects of health expenditure on economic growth. Results: Economic development (LnGDP) was the dependent variable; explanatory variables included health financial input (LnHI), health personnel input (LnHR), health assets (LnCW) and health insurance expenditure (LnHIE). The regression coefficients for indirect, direct and total effects of LnHI were 0.4346, 0.0623 and 0.4970 respectively (all statistically significant). The direct effect coefficient of LnHR (0.3343) was statistically significant. The regression coefficients for the indirect and total effects were –0.6779 and –0.3436, respectively. The direct, indirect and total effect regression coefficients for LnCW and LnHIE were all statistically significant. Conclusion: Both LnHI and LnHIE positively promote economic growth within provinces and in neighbouring provinces, i.e. there are direct and indirect positive effects from investing in health care. Increasing the input of health care personnel can promote the economic growth of a province but not that of neighbouring provinces. Overall planning and coordinated development will facilitate high quality development and economic advancement.
Translation of entrepreneurial attributes into business DNA by entrepreneurs: an analysis from businesses at the ideation stage
Authors: Cristina Salvi Naiane , Carlos Scheel Jaison , Ribas Gomez Luiz Salomão , Antônio Pereira Fialho Francisco
Published: January 2022

The translation practices, which accompany the evolution of communication in history, are usually dealt with in the context of textual communication or oratory. This article seeks to expand such practices to other forms of language, especially translation in the symbolic realm of interpretation, promoting an analysis of the occurrence of the translation of essential attributes in business DNA, from the perspective of entrepreneurs whose businesses are in the ideation stage. Considering the recent growth of entrepreneurship initiatives, it is essential to understand the impact of the ideas translation, seeking to evolve business concepts. The objective of this paper is to understand how the translation of DNA occurs by entrepreneurs in businesses in the early stage of development. The study applied the DNA Tool, in creative events, with two distinct groups of entrepreneurs, one in remote modality and the other in hybrid modality. It was possible to perceive that, even though the businesses are at an early development stage, the entrepreneurs have a good vision of their main characteristics. However, it is possible to observe a fragility in the uniqueness of these attributes among the projects, which points to a strong influence of the collective in the translation process.
Determination of small magnitudes of magnetostriction in amorphous microwires with an arbitrary type of magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Samokhvalov A. A. , Evstigneeva S. A. , Morchenko A. T. , Yudanov N. A. , Panina L. V. , Nematov M. G.
Published: January 2022

The magnetic anisotropy and magnetic structure of amorphous ferromagnets are largely determined by magnetoelastic interactions due to the absence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy, e.g., in amorphous microwires with a glass sheath, the source of anisotropy is the mechanical stresses that arise in the ferromagnetic core upon manufacturing. Hence, to control the magnetic structure and magnetization reversal processes occurred in amorphous magnetics, it is necessary to know the magnetostriction coefficient of the material. We propose an improved approach to measuring extremely small values of the magnetostriction coefficient of ferromagnetic microwires with an arbitrary type of magnetic anisotropy and magnetic microstructure. The samples of amorphous wires in a glass sheath made of Co67Fe5B12Si14Cr3 alloys were studied. The type of magnetic anisotropy of the samples (from axial to circular) was changed using current annealing. The developed method is based on small-angle precession of magnetization around the wire axis, resulted from the effect of the axial magnetic field induced by an alternating current passed through the wire. A voltage signal generated in a detection coil wound around the sample at a frequency doubled with respect to the frequency of the alternating current was recorded using a lock-in amplifier. When exposed to external mechanical loads, the voltage signal changes, and an additional axial magnetic field (bias field) is required to maintain a constant level of this signal. The value of magnetostriction is determined from the dependence of the displacement field on mechanical loads. The maximum sensitivity of measurements in the range of 10–8 – 10–7 is achieved at a uniform magnetization, increased frequency of the alternating current, and high value of the ratio between the length and diameter of tested wire samples. The sign and magnitude of the magnetostriction constant change upon current annealing which correlates with modification of the magnetization curves. The results obtained can be used to determine and adjust the parameters of the actuators developed on the basis of the considered microwires (in particular, microsensors of mechanical stresses and microactuators).
Experimental implementation of the laser shock peening method aimed at an increase in the fatigue properties of metals
Authors: Prokhorov A. E. , Vshivkov A. N. , Gachegova E. A. , Plekhov O. A.
Published: January 2022

The study is aimed at the development and implementation of an experimental setup for treating metal parts with complex geometry to induce compressive residual stresses in the surface layers. Modern methods of surface treatment demonstrated the possibility of increasing the durability of parts by several times through creation of high-amplitude residual compressive stresses. We managed to form the residual compressive stresses up to a depth of 1 mm using the titanium alloy specimens. The developed installation consists of a solid-state laser with a pulse energy of up to 10 J, a six-axis robot manipulator, and a system for measuring residual stresses by hole drilling method. The processing is realized in automatic mode with the possibility of continuous change of specimens. The geometry of parts and processing features are worked out on a digital three-dimensional model of the part. A number of tests have been carried out to reveal the dependence of the values of residual stresses on the processing conditions and demonstrate the necessity of numerical analysis and preliminary modeling of the process of laser shock peening. The distribution of residual stresses was measured by hole drilling method in the specimens before and after laser shock peening under various processing conditions, and the profiles of these stresses in depth were plotted. It is shown that along with the pulse power, the value and distribution of residual stresses are significantly affected by the number of repeated passes, the overlap degree, and the technology of preliminary preparation of the specimen surface. The analysis made it possible to choose the optimal processing mode for titanium alloys providing the values of residual compressive stresses up to 1 GPa.
ANALYSIS OF TREATMENT MEASURES FOR PASTERELLOSIS OF PIGS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Yagudin A. R.
Published: January 2022

The economic component of treatment and prevention is the primary focus of organizations on measures to combat the disease at large enterprises. Economic losses consist of reduced productivity, loss of breeding value, treatment costs and mortality. Therefore, the correct treatment contributes to the successful management of livestock farming.
Review of Viktor Ivanovych Shpak’s reference book Terminological Dictionary of Publishing Business: Editor’s Book
Authors: Chekmyshev Oleksandr
Published: January 2022

The reference book “Terminological Dictionary of Publishing Business: Editor’s Book” by Viktor Shpak was published in 2020. Its author, Viktor Ivanovych Shpak, is a Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Publishing Department of the Institute of Journalism at the Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University. The area of scientific interests of the researcher includes the history of publishing in modern Ukraine, small business of the Ukrainian publishing industry, economics of publishing, management of publishing business, the printing in modern Ukraine, training for the publishing industry, public organizations of the publishing industry.
Peculiarities of libraries in quarantine: a review of Ukrainian and world experience
Authors: Tereshchenko Nataliia
Published: January 2022

Features of work of libraries in the conditions of quarantine and their activity directed on providing users with necessary іnformation and resources are considered; introduction of new services, creation of new opportunities in the article.
Domestic libraries focus on: providing users with the opportunity to work with electronic resources (catalogs, search engines, web portals, repositories, databases; providing online services (electronic references, virtual exhibitions, document indexing, editing bibliographies, etc.); creating the conditions for online events (video conferences, online clubs, webinars, and training courses).
Library sites present the results of the analysis and generalization of the experience of domestic and foreign university libraries. New electronic textbooks are posted on library sites, and it is possible to place the works of scientists in university repositories.
A special feature of foreign libraries, in addition to a wide range of online services and access to all digital collections of universities and foreign catalogues, is their focus on the reader: users who are debtors are allowed to use electronic resources, automatically extend the date of return of books (book fees, during this period, are not charged). Users can send offers to purchase books not included in the university subscription.
Libraries are actively digitizing collections and provide access to the texts and videos of world achievements in scientific experiments for information support of distance learning. The tendency to deepen the cooperation of university libraries with publishers to provide remote access to electronic resources and databases, previously available only on the university network or for a fee, is widespread.
The Effect of Heat Exchanger Design on Heat transfer Rate and Temperature Distribution
Authors: Alrwashdeh Saad S. , Ammari Handri , Madanat Mazen A. , Al-Falahat Ala’a M.
Published: January 2022

The heat exchanger (HE) is a device that is used to complete the process of heat transfer between different matters without direct mixing. Therefore, it is of great importance in the transfer of energy and the completion of various energy transition processes. In the processes of HE between different energy systems, many factors influence and play a major and important role in the efficiency of transformation and exchange in forms of energy, such as the length, the material type, the exchange fluid, the surrounding environment, and many other factors. In this work, the effect of the HE length of the parallel and counter flow HEs was investigated based on the use of computer simulation programs. There was a significant impact of the exchange factors, especially the length of the HEs in both the parallel and counter-flow HEs, on the quality and efficiency of the HE and the temperature distribution. The overall evaluation shows that by increasing the length of the HE for both parallel and counter-flow HEs, the heat transfer is increased and the heat distribution becomes more homogeneous, which aids in enhancing the transfer of energy efficiency inside the HEs. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-010 Full Text: PDF