bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN PERPAJAKAN, KETEGASAN SANKSI PERPAJAKAN DAN KEADILAN PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM)
Authors: Mu'arif Syamsul , Lestari Suci
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze of tax knowledge, firmness of tax sanction, and tax fairness on taxpayer compliance SMEs in Kecamatan Tajur Halang, Kabupaten Bogor. Sampling ini this research used random sampling and obtained 77 sampels of SMEs. The data anayisis method is quantitative data analysis, using primary data by giving questionnaries to SMEs and using SPSS version 28 computer program tools. The result of this research partially show that the tax knowlegde and firmness of tax sanction have an effect on taxpayaer compliance SMEs, tax fairness has no effect on taxpayaer compliance SMEs. Meanwhile simulaneously, tax knowlegde, firmness of tax sanction, and tax fairness have an effect  on taxpayaer compliance with 327 populations and 77 samples are obtained with an R2 contribution of 52%, while 48% is influenced by other variiables noot exmined in this study
IMPLEMENTASI SAK EMKM (STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN ENTITAS MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH) PADA LAPORAN KEUANGAN UMKM
Authors: Widakso Mochamad Badar Ranu , Ulhaq Dhiya , Kusumastuti Ratih
Published: August 2023

To prepare financial reports, small and medium businesses usually do not follow applicable standards. Cash taken from daily cash movements is usually used in MSME financial reports. Institutions in Indonesia By issuing Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Financial Accounting Standards (SAK EMKM), which took effect from 1 January 2018, accountants are trying to help MSMEs in this field overcome obstacles to preparing financial reports. SAK EMKM is easy to implement and the financial statements prepared according to it are prepared on an accrual basis. The purpose of this lesson is to apply the EMKM SAK in preparing the financial statements of ADB's small and medium enterprises in Jambi. Primary data obtained from documentary evidence of transactions, interviews, and direct observation were used in this study, which was conducted through a qualitative case study methodology. The results of the research are the ADB MSME financial statements in the form of statements of financial position, profit and loss statements and notes to financial statements.
Sarmiento y la construcción del ser nacional
Authors: Tesio María Eugenia
Published: August 2023

Este libro no se presenta como una historia intelectual de la inclusión del inmigrante ni como una historia electoral. Es más bien una aproximación a la problemática de la relación ciudadanía-extranjeridad en la Argentina durante el siglo XIX, del modo en que aparece en el pensamiento de Domingo F. Sarmiento. Considera además las acciones desplegadas por los grupos involucrados en la construcción de dicha relación, así como los efectos que estas generaron sobre el rol del inmigrante en cuestiones de representatividad y participación en esos años de conformación tanto del Estado nacional como del ciudadano argentino.

La hipótesis es que la participación del inmigrante en el desarrollo económico y moral del país era indiscutible para los pensadores de la época. Sin embargo, la necesidad de nacionalizar a los inmigrantes como parte de un proceso de integración de los extranjeros a la arena política, fundamental para fortalecer las instituciones republicanas y lograr estabilidad política, no contaba con el mismo consenso sobre los medios para llevarlo a cabo –es decir: ¿cómo argentinizar?–, ni tampoco estaba claro el lugar que ocupaba el sistema electoral y el sufragio para alcanzar dicha integración.
Peranan Pemerintahan Nagari Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Masyarakat Di Nagari Persiapan Bandua Balai Kabupaten Pasaman Barat
Authors: Des majayanti  , Berian Hariadi  , Adriani Adnani
Published: August 2023

So far the service system in Nagari Preparation Bandua Balai, West Pasaman Regency has not been effective so that there is an overlap between the community and the nagari government, because the service system is not in accordance with the needs and expectations of the community in general. The aims of this study are: 1) To find out how the role of the nagari government in improving community services in the preparatory village of Bandua Balai, West Pasaman Regency; 2) To find out what obstacles are faced by the nagari government in improving community services in the preparatory village of Bandua Balai, West Pasaman Regency; 3) To find out the efforts to overcome the obstacles faced by the nagari government in improving community services in the preparatory village of Bandua Balai, West Pasaman Regency?. This type of research is qualitative research. According to Hajar (2016:3) qualitative research aims to gain a general understanding of social reality from the participant's perspective. This understanding is not determined in advance but is obtained after analyzing the social reality that is the focus of the research. The informants in this study consisted of key informants (key informants) and supporting informants (second informants). The key informants of this research are: 1 Walinagari in Bandua Balai and 4 employees at the Nagari office in Bandua Balai. Meanwhile, non-key informants: people who are considered to know the problem, namely 2 community leaders and 3 community members. The types of data are primary data and secondary data collected through interviews, observations, and library research. The analysis technique used is qualitative analysis. The results of the study found that in Nagari Preparations, Bandua Balai, West Pasaman Regency, sometimes there was overlap, even unpleasant issues that occurred in the community regarding the policies and regulations of the nagari government, even in this village there was also very little in the achievement of participatory development. whether it's attendance in forums, distribution of ideas or ideas for determining development, to the evaluation stage of government policies, related to problems or programs to be implemented, resulting in unsatisfactory services in carrying out development in Nagari Preparation of Bandua Balai, because of the lack of socializing government programs to the public.
Implementasi Kebijakan Izin Mendirikan Bangunan (Imb) Di Kecamatan Lubuk Kilangan Padang
Authors: M.jasril  , Yohanis  , Adriani Adnani
Published: August 2023

Before constructing a building, the community must obtain a building permit (SIMB). The aims of this study are: 1) To find out how the implementation of the policy of building permits (IMB) in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang; 2) To find out what are the obstacles in implementing a building permit (IMB) policy in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang.; 3) To find out what are the efforts in implementing the policy for building permits (IMB) in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang.

This type of research is qualitative research. Kriyantono (2006) stated that qualitative research aims to explain phenomena through in-depth collection. The informants in this study were the Camat 1 person, the Head of Public Service 1 person, the Public Service Section 3 people, and the community 4 people who took care of building permits in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang. The types of data are primary data and secondary data collected through interviews, observations, and library research.

 The analysis technique used is qualitative analysis. The results of the study found that the implementation of the service policy for Building Permits (IMB) in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang City, was seen from four indicators, namely: communication, resources, disposition and bureaucracy. Communication in the service process for Building Permits (IMB) in Lubuk Kilangan District within the scope of policy implementation has been effective and communication between policy implementers and the target group, namely the IMB applicant community in Lubuk Kilangan District is quite effective, marked by the implementation of socialization of Padang City Regional Regulation Number 7 Year 2015 concerning Buildings. The work procedures applied in the management of IMB so far have been good. The indication is that the IMB management process is felt to be quite easy and not complicated, both with the requirements that must be met and the time required.
Birth Trauma Debriefing: A Specialist Midwife’s Perspective
Authors: Caprioli Pia , Mills Lesley , Morrison Illiyin
Published: August 2023

In the UK, 4 in 100 women and birthing people develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) postnatally.1 In addition, up to 30% of maternity service users experience childbirth as a traumatic event. Factors leading to birth trauma are numerous, and support for parents affected by birth trauma must be provided in a timely, sensitive and individualised manner.2,3 Midwife and writer Illiyin Morrison is blazing the trail for midwife-led support for birth trauma in the UK. Here she shares her insights with the authors on birth trauma, debriefing and the role of student midwives.
Public Health Series 4. Awareness to Action: Perinatal Mental Health
Authors: Perlman Jessica Falk
Published: August 2023

Up to 20% of women and birthing people experience perinatal mental health (PNMH) problems,1 a broad spectrum that encompasses symptoms from low mood to psychosis or suicidal urges and ideation. The impact of poor PNMH can be tragic; suicide is the leading direct cause of maternal mortality in the year after birth.2 Mental health problems in pregnancy and the postpartum period can have far-reaching consequences for women, birthing people, and families. Postnatal depression can negatively affect a woman’s ongoing quality of life, mental wellbeing, relationships with family and bonding with her infant.3
ANEMIA FALCIFORME
Authors: Kezan Raul Dias , Lewin Priscila Coti , Moschetto Giulia Pessin , Teodoro Lucas Braga , Hemza Julia Lopes , Aurélio Marco , Buzo Carlos Toribio , Silva Maria Victoria de Oliveira Correa , Silva Eliane Italiano Moreira Urbano da , Mezzavilla Luca de Almeida
Published: August 2023

A Anemia Falciforme (AF) é uma doença sanguínea de caráter hereditário, monogênica, ou seja, presente em um dos alelos e a mais comum no Brasil. Além de ser a doença hematológica hereditária mais comum no mundo, com predomínio geograficamente em países da África e oriente médio. Caracteriza-se pelas mutações no gene da β-globina, que apresentam como resultado uma hemoglobina anormal denominada hemoglobina S (HbS) e uma diferenciação na forma dos glóbulos vermelhos, deixando-os em formato de foice, prejudicando assim o carreamento do oxigênio pelo corpo e trazendo como consequências a manifestação de anemia crônica, crises de falcização e susceptibilidade às infecções entre outras manifestações clínicas severas que exigem total atenção por parte da saúde pública. Neste trabalho, tem como objetivo de informar as principais características desta doença, bem como o quadro clínico, fatores de risco, diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico. Visando auxiliar estudantes, clínicos gerais, especialistas e clínicos no conhecimento e tratamento desta importante patologia.
Some unusual birds of southern Buenos Aires province
Authors: Short Jr. Lester L.
Published: August 2023

This article does not have an abstract.
Bioaccumulation of pesticides in fish resulting toxicities in humans through food chain and forensic aspects
Authors: Ray Suryapratap , Shaju Sanjana Thanjan
Published: August 2023

A crucial component for agricultural productivity is pesticide application. Increased usage of pesticides has significantly increased agricultural output, reduced grain losses in storage, and overall enhanced human wellbeing. Globally, every year approximately 3 billion kg of pesticides are used which budgets around 40 billion USD. Pesticide use can leave behind unwanted residues that can contaminate food, the environment, and living tissues. They are known to spread from agricultural regions that have been treated into the wider environment, where they affect non-target creatures. All tiers of biological organisms, directly impacted by this exposure. Pesticides at sub-lethal levels alter every aspect of a fish's physiology, including histology, haematology, defence mechanisms, and behaviour. The same topic of pesticide toxicology is the emphasis of this article, which also addresses some important induced chronic toxicological effects of pesticides in fish and the extent of their bioaccumulation in fish tissues. The data represents the largest bodies of water, such as rivers and lakes, that have been contaminated by pesticides, notably due to pesticide drift. It has been discussed how readily pesticides are absorbed into fish bodies and how this enters the food chain inducing harmful impacts on human health when consumed.
Assessing Zoom Software Utilization in Teaching and Learning in Tertiary Institutions in Plateau State
Authors: Atah Cletus Akpo , Idike I. M. , Nyiam Peter Achar
Published: August 2023

The study assessed Zoom software utilization in teaching and learning in tertiary institutions in Plateau State. To achieve the aims of the study, two research questions were raised, and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprises 58 business education lecturers who were all involved in the study. A 28-item questionnaire titled "Assessing Zoom Software Utilization in Teaching and Learning scale" (AZSUTL) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts, and 88 Cronbach Alpha Reliability Coefficients were the overall reliability index for the instrument. The data collected were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, percentages, and one sample t-test. The findings of the study revealed that Zoom software is not available and that the utilization of Zoom software for teaching and learning is significantly low. It was however recommended, among others, that the management of tertiary institutions should liaise with all levels of government agencies to make Zoom software available in order to aid teaching and learning in tertiary institutions in Plateau State.
Sleep Quality: A Key Factor in the Physical and Mental Recovery of Medical Students
Authors: Gonzalez-Argote Javier , López Sánchez Andrew Alberto
Published: August 2023

Introduction: sleep is considered a physiological process of vital importance for the comprehensive health of human beings. Sleep quality represents one of the most widespread yet least understood clinical aspects, making it essential to understand its incidence and the factors that may determine it.
Objective: to evaluate the sleep quality of third-year medical students from two faculties of the University of Medical Sciences of Havana.
Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in 312 students from two health sciences faculties. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was used.
Results: 1,92 % indicated that their sleep quality is poor, and 17,31 % reported sleep efficiency below 85 %, a percentage considered the threshold for establishing an insomnia diagnosis. It was found that 60,33 % of the sample would be defined as poor sleepers compared to 39,66 % good sleepers.
Conclusions: the study revealed that approximately 70 % of the subjects have poor sleep quality, which is exacerbated by the consumption of alcohol, coffee, and tobacco. This shows that, to the various negative effects of excessive consumption of these substances, we must add poor sleep quality.
Use of virtual reality in rehabilitation
Authors: Gonzalez-Argote Javier
Published: August 2023

Introduction: virtual reality is a promising medical rehabilitation tool, offering patients a safe and interactive experience to improve their quality of life. Scientific studies support its effectiveness in improving balance, coordination, and cognitive function in various conditions.
Methods: PubMed was searched for information using descriptors related to virtual reality and physical and mental rehabilitation. Twenty-nine clinical and observational trial articles published in the last 10 years in English and Spanish were selected, and the PRISMA methodology was used for systematic reviews.
Results: the results indicate that virtual reality therapy can improve motor, cognitive and psychological function in diverse patient populations. However, the effectiveness of different virtual reality approaches may vary depending on the population and rehabilitation goals.
Conclusion: virtual reality therapy improves motor function and quality of life in patients with various medical conditions. Combining it with other therapies can enhance outcomes and shows benefits in treating neurological and psychological conditions.
Independent care performed by nursing professionals in the prevention of delirium
Authors: Calcagno María Rosenda Fernanda
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Delirium is a condition that affects attention, consciousness, and cognition, especially in older people. It can result from underlying diseases or medications. It has a great economic and social impact, with the need for special care, increased risk of falls, prolonged hospitalization and institutionalization.
Methods: A literature search was performed in SciELO and Scopus with the keywords "delirium", "prevention" and "nursing" establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria to select 15 relevant articles on the independent care provided by nursing professionals in the prevention of delirium occurrence in the last 5 years and open access.
Results: The importance of delirium prevention and management through nursing interventions and the use of specific tools is highlighted. The potential of technology for early detection and preventive intervention is highlighted. Nurses play an essential role in the early identification and management of delirium by implementing various interventions and assessment tools. The implementation of standardized measures and protocols to improve the quality of care is recommended, although the need for future studies to improve delirium care is suggested.
Conclusion: The importance of nursing interventions in the prevention and management of delirium was observed, highlighting their effectiveness in reducing the incidence and severity. The usefulness of easily accessible tools and technologies for early detection is highlighted. On the other hand, the need for continuous research to improve patient care and quality of life was emphasized.
A tojásbakterióta és a csirke bélbakteriótájának kapcsolata az újgenerációs szekvenálási eljárások fényében : Irodalmi összefoglaló
Authors: Csitári Gábor , Pál László , Farkas Valéria , Such Nikoletta , Dublecz Károly
Published: August 2023

A szerzők irodalmi adatok alapján ismertetik az elmúlt évtizedben, leginkább az újgenerációs szekvenálási eljárások elterjedése miatt bekövetkezett hatalmas fejlődést a tojásbakterióta, valamint a brojlercsirkék bélcsatornájában élő bakterióta megismerésében. A bakteriális közösségek pontosabb taxonómiai leírása mellett lehetővé vált az is, hogy nyomon követhessük változásaikat és megismerjük a változásokat meghatározó tényezőket. A brojlercsirkék esetében a tojásra vagy tojásba kerülő baktériumok terjedési útjainak kísérleti vizsgálata során, az ismert horizontális útvonalak mellett a vertikális, tojótyúkból a csibére terjedést is sikerült jobban jellemezni. Az újabb tudományos ismeretek lehetővé teszik a tojásokon vagy a naposcsibéken alkalmazott probiotikumok hatékonyabb használatát is.
Thermographic and clinical data (TCD Code) in the evaluation of cellulite treatment by Endosphères Therapy
Authors: P.A. Bacci P.A. Bacci , S.Leonardi S.Leonardi , S. Vannuccini S. Vannuccini , S. Frappi S. Frappi , G. Rampino G. Rampino , R.G. Bellomo R.G. Bellomo , R. Saggini R. Saggini
Published: August 2023

Cellulite represents an annoying and multifactorial female aesthetic pathology that requires a complete diagnosis and a precise clinical classification, which is ultimately essential to set up the best treatment protocol, that always requires a physical therapy associated with medical or surgical therapies aimed at the different alterations of adipose, microcirculatory, endocrine or connective tissue. The attempt to classify cellulite is as old as its first description, around 1920. However, the difficulty of clearly defining and framing its clinical aspects and pathophysiological evolution has produced various and different classifications, all interesting and validated, but all with some limits. In 2001, an important controlled and randomized scientific study on the diagnosis and treatment of cellulite was organized, but precise identification of cellulite and the results was necessary to give greater validity to that international study. For this reason, a new clinical classification was devised, with a repeatable test and a final number that could be used both statistically and for interpretation of results. The TCD Code is the numerical sum of several numbers that express various thermographic, clinical and symptomatic parameters. In the present study, twenty female patients with cellulite were treated by a non-invasive method called “Endosphères Therapy”, which uses mechanical micro-vibrations and micro-compressions to obtain vascularizing, analgesic, draining and restructuring effects. Twelve therapy sessions were carried out in five weeks, the results before and after were evaluated using the TCD Code, which highlighted the reduction of the initial value of 40.14% significant of the clinical and aesthetic improvement of cellulite. The study has finally proved the validity and the practical utility of the TCD Code
KESEDIAAN REMAJA UNTUK BERPERAN AKTIF DALAM PROGRAM PUSAT INFORMASI DAN KONSELING REMAJA (PIK-R)
Authors: Kustia Anggereni  , Nurlindawati  , Trisutrisno Ichsan
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Based on data from the Central Statistic Agency (2022), the percentage of adolescents ages 20-24 who were married before 18 of age has decreased, from 10.5% in 2020 to 9.23% in 2022 in Indonesia but increased in DKI Jakarta, from 1,45% in 2020 to 4,68% in 2021. The PIK-R program is a program from, by, and for youth which was created to reduce the number of adolescent marriage cases. Hopefully, the risk caused by adolescent marriage can be avoided. So, this study aims to see the willingness of adolescents to play a role actively in this program before and after education about PIK-R is given. This study used a Quasi Experiment method without a control group with One Group Pre-Test and Post-Test approach. The data is primary data collected using a questionnaire instrument which is distributed to the respondent before and after the intervention is given. The analysis of this study uses Paired Samples T-Test. The samples of this study are 100 Students of the 3rd class majoring in office and accounting at Vocational School IP Yakin Jakarta with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study results are most of the students’ knowledge about PIK-R, their perspective that PIK-R was important, agreement that PIK-R is held in School, and their willingness to participate actively in the PIK-R program are increased after being given education about PIK-R. The conclusion is the willingness of people to accept and apply something new is needed for introduction, learning to be remembered, understood and then applied.
The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement in the Relationship Between Leadership Styles and Organizational Performance
Authors: Al Marshoudi Fahad Batti , Jamaluddin Zaharuzaman , Ba Aween Ali Mohsen , Al Balushi Faisal Ibrahim , Mohammad Ba Aween
Published: August 2023

Organizational performance is the combined efforts of the employees and leadership. Their effective engagement and better working relationships enhance organizational performance and effectiveness. Open communication among employees and Leadership bolsters organizational performance and provides social, emotional, psychological, ethical, and moral support, safety, and security. This study explores employee engagement's mediating role in assessing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). A mixed methodology was adopted for the study. In the first step, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was adopted as a methodology for the analysis.   In the second stage, a case study supported the study's findings. The study found that leadership style affects organizational performance. Moreover, employee engagement has a significant effect on organizational performance. The study also proposed a model based on the content review, which is recommended to be tested in different contexts and industries around the globe.
Exploring indicators of genetic selection using the sniffer method to reduce methane emissions from Holstein cows
Authors: Uemoto Yoshinobu , Tomaru Tomohisa , Masuda Masahiro , Uchisawa Kota , Hashiba Kenji , Nishikawa Yuki , Suzuki Kohei , Kojima Takatoshi , Suzuki Tomoyuki , Terada Fuminori
Published: August 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether the methane (CH4) to carbon dioxide (CO2) ratio (CH4/CO2) and methane-related traits obtained by the sniffer method can be used as indicators for genetic selection of Holstein cows with lower CH4 emissions.Methods: The sniffer method was used to simultaneously measure the concentrations of CH4 and CO2 during milking in each milking box of the automatic milking system to obtain CH4/CO2. Methane-related traits, which included CH4 emissions, CH4 per energy-corrected milk, methane conversion factor (MCF), and residual CH4, were calculated. First, we investigated the impact of the model with and without body weight (BW) on the lactation stage and parity for predicting methane-related traits using a first on-farm dataset (Farm 1; 400 records for 74 Holstein cows). Second, we estimated the genetic parameters for CH4/CO2 and methane-related traits using a second on-farm dataset (Farm 2; 520 records for 182 Holstein cows). Third, we compared the repeatability and environmental effects on these traits in both farm datasets.Results: The data from Farm 1 revealed that MCF can be reliably evaluated during the lactation stage and parity, even when BW is excluded from the model. Farm 2 data revealed low heritability and moderate repeatability for CH4/CO2 (0.12 and 0.46, respectively) and MCF (0.13 and 0.38, respectively). In addition, the estimated genetic correlation of milk yield with CH4/CO2 was low (0.07) and that with MCF was moderate (–0.53). The on-farm data indicated that CH4/CO2 and MCF could be evaluated consistently during the lactation stage and parity with moderate repeatability on both farms.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the on-farm applicability of the sniffer method for selecting cows with low CH4 emissions.
Testicular fat deposition attenuates reproductive performance via decreased follicle-stimulating hormone level and sperm meiosis and testosterone synthesis in mouse
Authors: Du Miao , Chen Shikun , Chen Yang , Yuan Xinxu , Dong Huansheng
Published: August 2023

Objective: Testicular fat deposition has been reported to affect animal reproduction. However, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. The present study explored whether sperm meiosis and testosterone synthesis contribute to mouse testicular fat depositioninduced reproductive performance.Methods: High fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity CD1 mice (DIO) were used as a testicular fat deposition model. The serum hormone test was performed by agent kit. The quality of sperm was assessed using a Sperm Class Analyzer. Testicular tissue morphology was analyzed by histochemical methods. The expression of spermatocyte marker molecules was monitored by an immuno-fluorescence microscope during meiosis. Analysis of the synthesis of testosterone was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and reagent kit.Results: It was found that there was a significant increase in body weight among DIO mice, however, the food intake showed no difference compared to control mice fed a normal diet (CTR). The number of offspring in DIO mice decreased, but there was no significant difference from the CTR group. The levels of follicle-stimulating hormone were lower in DIO mice and their luteinizing hormone levels were similar. The results showed a remarkable decrease in sperm density and motility among DIO mice. We also found that fat accumulation affected the meiosis process, mainly reflected in the cross-exchange of homologous chromosomes. In addition, overweight increased fat deposition in the testis and reduced the expression of testosterone synthesis-related enzymes, thereby affecting the synthesis and secretion of testosterone by testicular Leydig cells.Conclusion: Fat accumulation in the testes causes testicular cell dysfunction, which affects testosterone hormone synthesis and ultimately affects sperm formation.
Management and control of coccidiosis in poultry — A review
Authors: Ahmad Rafiq , Yu Yu-Hsiang , Hua Kuo-Feng , Chen Wei-Jung , Zaborski Daniel , Dybus Andrzej , Hsiao Felix Shih-Hsiang , Cheng Yeong-Hsiang
Published: August 2023

Poultry coccidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by an intracellular parasitic protozoan of the genus Eimeria. Coccidia-induced gastrointestinal inflammation results in large economic losses, hence finding methods to decrease its prevalence is critical for industry participants and academic researchers. It has been demonstrated that coccidiosis can be effectively controlled and managed by employing anticoccidial chemical compounds. However, as a result of their extensive use, anticoccidial drug resistance in Eimeria species has raised concerns. Phytochemical/herbal medicines (Artemisia annua, Bidens pilosa, and garlic) seem to be a promising strategy for preventing coccidiosis, in accordance with the “anticoccidial chemical-free” standards. The impact of herbal supplements on poultry coccidiosis is based on the reduction of oocyst output by preventing the proliferation and growth of Eimeria species in chicken gastrointestinal tissues and lowering intestinal permeability via increased epithelial turnover. This review provides a thorough up-to-date assessment of the state of the art and technologies in the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens, including the most used phytochemical medications, their mode of action, and the applicable legal framework in the European Union.
Individual or combinational use of phytase, protease, and xylanase for the impacts on total tract digestibility of corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with soluble fed to pigs
Authors: Passos Adsos Adami , Moita Vitor Hugo Cardoso , Kim Sung Woo
Published: August 2023

Objective: This study was to evaluate the effects of individual or combinational use of phytase, protease, and xylanase on total tract digestibility of corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS) fed to pigs.Methods: Each experiment had four 4×4 Latin squares using 16 barrows. Each period had 5-d adaptation and 3-d collection. All experiments had: CON (no enzyme); Phy (CON+phytase); Xyl (CON+xylanase); Pro (CON+protease); Phy+Xyl; Phy+Pro, Xyl+Pro, Phy+Xyl+Pro. Each Latin square had ‘CON, Phy, Xyl, and Phy+Xyl’; ‘CON, Phy, Pro, and Phy+Pro’; ‘CON, Pro, Xyl, and Xyl+Pro’; and ‘Phy+Xyl, Phy+Pro, Xyl+Pro, Phy+Xyl+Pro’.Results: The digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and nitrogen retention (NR) of corn were not affected by enzymes but the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of phosphorus (P) was improved (p<0.01) by Phy. The DE and ATTD dry matter (DM) in soybean meal were increased (p<0.05) by Phy+Pro and the ATTD P was improved (p<0.01) by Phy, Phy+Pro, and Phy+Xyl. The DE, ME, and ATTD DM in DDGS were improved (p<0.05) by Phy+Xyl and the ATTD P was improved (p<0.01) by Phy, Phy+Pro, and Phy+Xyl.Conclusion: Phytase individually or in combination with xylanase and protease improved the Ca and P digestibility of corn, soybean meal, and DDGS, from the hydrolysis of phytic acid. The supplementation of protease was more effective when combined with phytase and xylanase in the soybean meal and DDGS possibly due to a higher protein content in these feedstuffs. Xylanase was more effective in DDGS diets due to the elevated levels of non-starch polysaccharides in these feedstuffs. However, when xylanase was combined with phytase, it demonstrated a higher efficacy improving the nutrient digestibility of pigs. Overall, combinational uses of feed enzymes can be more efficient for nutrient utilization in soybean meal and DDGS than single enzymes.
The style of the Regent of Madiun in developing the Indonesian Pesilat Village in Madiun Regency
Authors: Saputra Dony Adi
Published: August 2023

Departing from the plurality of silat universities and frequent conflicts between silat universities in the Madiun area. The Regent of Madiun created a new legalized identity, namely Madiun Regency "Kampung Pesilat Indonesia". In order to fulfill the socio-political and economic aspects of community life, this new identity is also expected to be a unifier for Silat universities and the preservation of pencak silat culture. According to the Regent of Madiun, Kampung Pesilat Indonesia is the first step in equalizing perceptions in order to have one goal in the commitment to build Madiun Regency so that elements of division or hostility can be avoided. Pencak Silat culture has become the heritage of the Indonesian nation that has been recognized by the world and it is appropriate to be a joint obligation in maintaining and preserving as the nation's local wisdom. The Regent of Madiun is committed through equalizing the perception of Madiun as an Indonesian Pesilat Village in line with its vision and mission. This study wanted to see how the leadership style of the Regent of Madiun in developing Pesilat Village in Madiun Regency and what factors influenced his leadership. The research method used by researchers is descriptive qualitative. There are four leadership styles carried out by the Regent of Madiun in developing Kampung Pesilat Indonesia, namely Authoritarian, Participative, Delegative and Situational. According to sources, this leadership style was carried out by the Regent in developing the martial arts village, both in terms of planning and development.
Assessing the Pros and Cons of Performing Orthognathic Surgery in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Aligner Treatment
Authors: Grillo Ricardo , Meireles Borba Alexandre , Aparecida Brozoski Mariana Aparecida Brozoski , Augusto Campanha Antônio , Balel Yunus , Aparecida Traina Andréia , Naclério-Homem Maria da Graça
Published: August 2023

Objective: Orthodontic aligners have become one of the most requested treatments by patients. This study evaluated maxillofacial surgeons´ experience of using orthodontic aligners in preparation for orthognathic surgery.
Methods: A survey using an online platform was used to identify some key points about maxillofacial surgeons´ prior experiences with orthodontic aligners in the context of orthognathic surgery. Participants were asked to discuss their experience with orthognathic surgery preparation through orthodontic aligners.
Results: In total, 396 surveys were sent, the sample consisted of 92 respondents. The experience of maxillofacial surgeons on this topic is not very large, some of them (45.65%) have not had contact with orthodontic aligners. Advantages include patient convenience and easy postoperative hygiene, while some disadvantages include inefficient postoperative occlusal stability and intermaxillary block and some difficulties in using elastic bands. A very helpful explanation to solve some problems was highlighted by the surgeons, including a more detailed conference on orthodontic preparation. Maxillary segmentation must be avoided according to the majority of surgeons.
Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that not all cases are suitable for orthognathic surgery prepared with orthodontic aligners. While orthodontic aligners offer advantages such as patient-friendliness and improved hygiene, the lower number of surgeons reporting these benefits compared to the disadvantages underscores challenges related to postoperative occlusal stability and limitations with intermaxillary blocks and elastic band usage.
การพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์ปลาพร้อมบริโภคในถุงรีทอร์ตสำหรับผู้สูงอายุ
Authors:   , สังฆะมงคลกิจ อนิรุทธิ์
Published: August 2023

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์ปลาพร้อมบริโภคบรรจุถุงรีทอร์ต 2 ชนิด ได้แก่ 1) ผลิตภัณฑ์ปลานึ่งหั่นเป็นชิ้นติดกระดูกบรรจุรวมน้ำปรุงรสซีอิ๊ว 2) ผลิตภัณฑ์ปลาแล่เป็นชิ้นไม่ติดกระดูกบรรจุแยกน้ำปรุงรสซีอิ๊ว ที่มีคุณค่าทางโภชนาการที่เหมาะสำหรับผู้สูงอายุ ผลิตภัณฑ์ชนิดแรก แปรชนิดปลา 2 ชนิด ได้แก่ ปลาน้ำดอกไม้ (Obtuse barracuda) และปลากุเรา (Indian salmon) แช่สารละลายโซเดียมไตรพอลิฟอสเฟต (STPP) ที่ความเข้มข้น 0%, 2.5% และ 5% เป็นเวลา 1 ชั่วโมง พบว่าความเข้มข้นของ STPP ที่เหมาะสมคือ 2.5% เป็นความเข้มข้นที่ต่ำที่สุดที่ให้ร้อยละผลผลิต และความสามารถในการอุ้มน้ำของเนื้อปลาสดสูงที่สุด และร้อยละน้ำหนักที่สูญเสียไปของเนื้อปลานึ่งต่ำที่สุด (p≤0.05) เมื่อศึกษาการสเตอริไลส์ที่อุณหภูมิ 118 oC, F0 = 6 นาที พบว่าเนื้อปลาหลังสเตอริไลส์มีน้ำหนักและค่าสี L ลดลง แต่มีความแน่นเนื้อ (firmness) และค่าสี b เพิ่มขึ้น (p≤0.05) นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่าน้ำปรุงรสซีอิ๊วหลังสเตอริไลเซชั่น มีน้ำหนัก ค่าสี L, a, b และ pH เพิ่มขึ้น (p≤0.05) จากการทดสอบการยอมรับทางประสาทสัมผัส (5-point hedonic scale) พบว่าผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ทำจากปลาน้ำดอกไม้ มีคะแนนทางด้านสี รสชาติ และการยอมรับโดยรวมสูงกว่าปลากุเรา (p≤0.05) จึงเลือกผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ทำจากปลาน้ำดอกไม้เพื่อศึกษาภาวะสเตอริไลเซชันที่เหมาะสม แปรค่า F0 เป็น 6 และ 10 นาทีที่ 118 oC พบว่าที่ภาวะ F0 = 6 นาที เนื้อปลามีค่าความแน่นเนื้อ ค่าสี a และ b ต่ำกว่า แต่มีค่า L สูงกว่าตัวอย่างที่สเตอริไลส์ที่ F0 = 10 นาที (p≤0.05) และพบว่าผลิตภัณฑ์ที่สเตอริไลส์ที่ 118 oC, F0 = 6 และ 10 นาที มีคะแนนการยอมรับทางประสาทสัมผัสด้านต่างๆ ไม่แตกต่างกัน (p>0.05) ดังนั้นจึงเลือกผลิตภัณฑ์ที่สเตอริไลส์ที่ 118 oC, F0 = 6 นาทีเป็นผลิตภัณฑ์สุดท้าย สำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ชนิดที่ 2 ใช้ปลาแพนกาเซียสดอรี่ (Pangasius hypophthalmus) เป็นวัตถุดิบ พบว่าเนื้อปลาหลังผ่านกระบวนการสเตอริไลส์ที่ 118 oC F0 = 6 นาที มีน้ำหนักและค่าสี L ลดลง แต่มีความแน่นเนื้อเพิ่มขึ้น (p≤0.05) ในขณะที่ค่าสี a และ b ของเนื้อปลาไม่แตกต่างกัน (p>0.05) ส่วนน้ำปรุงรสซีอิ๊วที่แยกฆ่าเชื้อที่ 118 oC แปรค่า F0 = 3 และ 6 นาที พบว่ามีค่า b น้อยกว่า (p≤0.05) ในขณะที่ค่า pH, ปริมาณของแข็งที่ละลายน้ำได้, สี L และ a ไม่แตกต่างจากน้ำปรุงรสซีอิ๊วที่ไม่ผ่านการฆ่าเชื้อ (p>0.05) จากการทดสอบการยอมรับทางประสาทสัมผัสของผลิตภัณฑ์ปลาดอรี่สเตอริไลส์ที่ 118 oC, F0 = 6 นาที เสิร์ฟร่วมกับน้ำปรุงรสสเตอริไลส์ที่ 118 oC, F0 = 3 หรือ 6 นาที พบว่ามีคะแนนการยอมรับโดยรวมไม่แตกต่างกัน (p>0.05) จึงเลือกผลิตภัณฑ์ปลาดอรี่ฆ่าเชื้อที่อุณหภูมิ 118 oC, F0 = 6 นาที และน้ำปรุงรสซีอิ๊วฆ่าเชื้อที่อุณหภูมิ 118 oC, F0 = 3 นาที เป็นผลิตภัณฑ์สุดท้าย หนึ่งหน่วยบริโภคของทั้ง 2 ผลิตภัณฑ์ (เนื้อปลานึ่ง 60 g และน้ำปรุงรสซีอิ๊ว 40 g) มีโปรตีนสูง ไขมันต่ำ และมีปริมาณโซเดียมเหมาะสมสำหรับผู้สูงอายุที่ป่วยเป็นโรคไตเสื่อมระยะเริ่มต้น โรคเบาหวาน โรคไขมันในเลือดสูง และโรคความดันโลหิตสูง
ผลของรังสีอัลตราไวโอเลตต่อสมบัติทางกายภาพ เคมี จุลชีววิทยา และประสาทสัมผัสของน้ำลิ้นจี่ระหว่างการเก็บรักษาที่อุณหภูมิต่ำ
Authors:   , วิสุทธิวรรณ สุเมธ
Published: August 2023

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของรังสีอัตราไวโอเลตหรือรังสียูวี (0.00, 2.34, 4.68, 9.36, 18.72, 37.44 และ 74.88 J/cm²) ต่อจลนพลศาสตร์ของสมบัติทางจุลชีววิทยาของน้ำลิ้นจี่ (ปริมาณจุลินทรีย์ทั้งหมดและปริมาณยีสต์และรา) และจลนพลศาสตร์ของสมบัติทางเคมีของน้ำลิ้นจี่ (ปริมาณฟีนอลิกทั้งหมด ปริมาณฟลาโวนอยด์ทั้งหมด ฤทธิ์ต้านออกซิเดชันโดยวิธี 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl หรือ DPPH และวิธี ferric reducing antioxidant power หรือ FRAP) ศึกษาการเปลี่ยนแปลงสมบัติทางกายภาพ เคมี และจุลชีววิทยาของน้ำลิ้นจี่ที่ไม่ผ่านทรีทเม้นต์ (ตัวอย่างควบคุม) น้ำลิ้นจี่ที่ผ่านการฉายรังสียูวี (18.72 และ 37.44 J/cm²) และน้ำลิ้นจี่พาสเจอไรซ์ (85 °C, 15 นาที) ในระหว่างการเก็บรักษาที่อุณหภูมิ 4 °C และศึกษาผลของรังสียูวี (18.72 และ 37.44 J/cm²) เปรียบเทียบกับตัวอย่างควบคุม และน้ำลิ้นจี่พาสเจอไรซ์ต่อสมบัติทางประสาทสัมผัสของน้ำลิ้นจี่ จากผลการทดลองพบว่าการลดลงของสมบัติทางจุลชีววิทยาและสมบัติทางเคมีสามารถอธิบายได้ด้วยแบบจำลองจลนพลศาสตร์อันดับหนึ่ง โดยค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์ (correlation coefficients; R²) และค่าคงที่อัตราการเกิดปฏิกิริยา (rate constant; k) ของสมบัติทางจุลชีววิทยา มีค่าอยู่ระหว่าง 0.9759-0.9935 และ 0.1042-0.1060 ตามลำดับ ในขณะที่ค่า R² และค่า k ของสมบัติทางเคมีมีค่าอยู่ระหว่าง 0.9781-0.9876 และ 0.0008-0.0237 ตามลำดับ เมื่อพิจารณาสมบัติต่างๆ ของน้ำลิ้นจี่ระหว่างการเก็บรักษาที่อุณหภูมิ 4 °C เป็นเวลา 35 วัน พบว่าระยะการเก็บรักษาไม่ส่งผลต่อปริมาณของแข็งที่ละลายได้ทั้งหมดของน้ำลิ้นจี่ทุกตัวอย่าง (p>0.05) แต่ส่งผลต่อค่าสี (L*, a*, b*) ค่า pH ปริมาณกรดที่ไทเทรตได้ ปริมาณฟีนอลิกทั้งหมด ปริมาณฟลาโวนอยด์ทั้งหมด ฤทธิ์ต้านออกซิเดชันโดยวิธี DPPH และ FRAP ปริมาณจุลินทรีย์ทั้งหมด และปริมาณยีสต์และราของน้ำลิ้นจี่ควบคุมและน้ำลิ้นจี่ที่ผ่านการฉายรังสียูวี (18.72 และ 37.44 J/cm²) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ (p≤0.05) ในขณะที่ระยะการเก็บรักษาไม่มีผลต่อปริมาณกรดที่ไทเทรตได้ ปริมาณจุลินทรีย์ทั้งหมด และปริมาณยีสต์และรา (p>0.05) ของน้ำลิ้นจี่พาสเจอไรซ์ โดยรังสียูวีสามารถยืดอายุการเก็บรักษาของน้ำลิ้นจี่ได้นานกว่าตัวอย่างควบคุมประมาณ 7 วัน เมื่อประเมินทางประสาทสัมผัสของน้ำลิ้นจี่ด้วยวิธีการให้คะแนนแบบ 9-points hedonic scale โดยผู้ทดสอบจำนวน 50 คน พบว่าคะแนนความชอบด้านสีและกลิ่นของน้ำลิ้นจี่พาสเจอไรซ์มีความแตกต่างจากตัวอย่างอื่นๆ อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ (p≤0.05) โดยน้ำลิ้นจี่ควบคุมมีคะแนนความชอบด้านสีมากที่สุด (7.2±1.6) และน้ำลิ้นจี่พาสเจอไรซ์มีคะแนนความชอบด้านกลิ่นมากที่สุด (7.1±1.9) ในขณะที่คะแนนความชอบด้านรสชาติและความชอบโดยรวมของน้ำลิ้นจี่ทุกตัวอย่างไม่มีความแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ (p>0.05)
Assessment of Renewable Sources of Energy for Residential Estate in Lagos State
Authors: Alake Olaniyi , Olu-Martins A.O. , Fatunbi F.N. , Omoniyi E.O.
Published: August 2023

The study investigated the use of renewable energy sources for residential estates in Lagos state; identified the available energy sources in the study area, determined the factors influencing the choice and utilization of renewable sources in the study area and examined the level of satisfaction derived from the chosen energy source by residents of Lagos state. The study was aimed at investigating the possibility of making energy available for residential estates dwellers from renewable energy sources so as to enhance uninterrupted energy supply and promote sustainability. To achieve the aim and objectives of the study, both primary and secondary data were used. The study made use of primary data collected by administration of e-questionnaire (google form) to building users. Data collected included energy source used by residents, the level of awareness of residents about various renewable sources, average amount of money spent on energy monthly, daily hours of energy supply, level of satisfaction derived from energy sources used. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social it was analyzed using frequencies, mean score and tables. The result from the sources of energy used by residents in Lagos state revealed that 74% of buildings make use of generators alongside the energy provided from national grids. The result from the number of hours of energy supply daily revealed that residents only have access to electricity being an end use of energy for maximum of 8 hours. The level of awareness of residents revealed that 51.7%, 21.2%, 17.2%, 10.3%, 17.7% and 30.5% of the respondents are well informed about a possibility of generating energy from solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, biogas, and hydropower respectively. To promote the use of energy generated from renewables, the study made recommendations for intensified awareness schemes on the socioeconomic and environmental benefits of renewable energy sources, adequate investment in critical areas of renewable R&D and policy adjustments to create an investor friendly environment to attract greater renewable energy investment.
Sterically stabilized cyclopropenylidenes. An example of Octopus publishing?
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: August 2023

Whilst I was discussing the future of scientific publication in the last post, a debate was happening behind the scenes regarding the small molecule cyclopropenylidene. This is the smallest known molecule displaying π-aromaticity, but its high reactivity means that it is unlikely to be isolated in the condensed phase.
Tying different knots in a molecular strand.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: August 2023

The title derives from an article[cite]10.1038/s41586-020-2614-0[/cite] which was shortlisted for the annual c&en molecule of the year 2020 awards (and which I occasionally cover here). In fact this year’s overall theme is certainly large molecules, the one exception being a smaller molecule with a quadruple bond to boron, a theme I have already covered here.
The Stevens rearrangement: how history gives us new insights.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: August 2023

In a recent post, I told the story of how in the early 1960s, Robert Woodward had encountered an unexpected stereochemical outcome to the reaction of a hexatriene, part of his grand synthesis of vitamin B12. He had constructed a model of the reaction he wanted to undertake, perhaps with the help of a physical model, concluding that the most favourable of the two he had built was not matched by the actual outcome of the reaction.
Talkshow: why don’t scientists do gigs?
Authors: Royle Stephen
Published: August 2023

The coronavirus crisis has meant that scientific meetings and seminars have moved online. This change has led to me wondering: why don’t scientists give talks the way that musicians do gigs? The idea is: after posting a preprint or publishing a paper, a scientist advertises that they will livestream a seminar to explain the work. Attendance is free.
Tunable aromaticity? An unrecognized new aromatic molecule?
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: August 2023

Some time ago in 2010, I showed a chemical problem I used to set during university entrance interviews. It was all about pattern recognition and how one can develop a hypothesis based on this. In that instance, it involved recognising that a cyclic molecule which appeared to have the cyclohexatriene benzene-aromatic pattern

1

was in fact a trimer of carbon dioxide.
Play The Game: Retropie in a Retroflag GPi case
Authors: Royle Stephen
Published: August 2023

The Retropie project is a wonderful way to play retro games on a Raspberry Pi (see previous post). A number of handheld units are available to make a convincing retro gaming experience. One of these is the Retroflag GPi case, modelled on Nintendo’s Game Boy. It’s possible to order one of these pre-built and even loaded with games, but where is the fun in that? Here is a quick guide to building one.
A computational mechanism for the aqueous hydrolysis of a ketal to a ketone and alcohol.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: August 2023

The previous post was about an insecticide and made a point that the persistence of both insecticides and herbicides is an important aspect of their environmental properties. Water hydrolysis will degrade them, a typical residency time being in the order of a few days. I noted in passing a dioxepin-based herbicide[cite]10.1039/P29890001265[/cite] which contains a ketal motif and which in water can hydrolise to a ketone and alcohol.
Yesterday’s Numbers
Authors: Royle Stephen
Published: August 2023

A quick post this week. I write “this week” in an attempt to convince regular readers that weekly posting will continue. I noticed that J. Cell Sci. give download metrics for their papers and that these downloads are categorised into abstract, full-text and PDF. I was interested in how one of my papers performed.
What is the largest angle possible at 4-coordinate carbon – 180°?
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: August 2023

Four-coordinate carbon normally adopts a tetrahedral shape, where the four angles at the carbon are all 109.47°. But how large can that angle get, and can it even get to be 180°? A search of the CSD (crystal structure database) reveals a spiropentane as having the largest such angle, VAJHAP with 164°[cite]10.1021/ja00186a058[/cite] Because crystal structures might have artefacts such as disorder etc, it is always good to check this with a
Dispersion attraction effects on the computed geometry of a leminscular dodecaporphyrin.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: August 2023

In the previous post, I showed the geometries of three large cyclic porphyrins, as part of an article[cite]10.1038/s41557-019-0398-3[/cite] on exploring the aromaticity of large 4n+2 cyclic rings. One of them had been induced into a “figure-eight” or lemniscular conformation, as shown below.