bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le choix de la philosophie à l’école élémentaire
Authors: Durand-Terreaux Martine
Published: February 2020

L’enseignement moral a été déprécié dans les programmes de l’école élémentaire française à partir de 1969 et supprimé en 1985. En 2008, il est réintroduit sous l’intitulé : « instruction civique et morale ». En 2013, il est renforcé par la loi pour la refondation de l’école de la République avec la création de l’enseignement moral et civique. À partir d’une étude menée entre 2012 et 2013, nous étudions les formes que prend la philosophie dans le cadre de l’instruction morale réintroduite en tant que discipline. La réalité du terrain scolaire montre des pratiques floues. Le projet de la formation morale des élèves nécessite un enseignement comprenant les composantes d’une discipline et une formation des enseignants propre aux contenus du philosopher.
La mise en récit dans l’éducation scientifique au service du lire-dire
Authors: Courdent Albine , Deligne Clémence , Versele Romain
Published: February 2020

Nous interrogeons, dans cette étude, les effets d’un dispositif qui immerge des élèves de quatrième au collège dans les activités de laboratoires de recherche dans la perspective d’élaboration d’une énigme scientifique. Nous examinons comment la mise en récit peut articuler la lecture (le lire) et l’expression structurée de la pensée (le dire) des élèves dans un processus continu qui favorise le raisonnement scientifique. Nous prenons appui sur des questionnaires avec les enseignants et les élèves, ainsi que sur les énigmes produites pour identifier les incidences sur la motivation et l’engagement des élèves ainsi que sur la mise en lien et la structuration des connaissances et des pratiques Ainsi, les cadres du récit ont constitué des points d’appui pour questionner en particulier les mises en relations causales essentielles dans la maîtrise de la langue et de la démarche d’investigation.
Acquisition des compétences, construction identitaire et valorisation de soi
Authors: Ait M’Bark Mohamed
Published: February 2020

À partir du dispositif pédagogique de mini-entreprise et d’une problématique liée à l’acquisition de compétences par des apprenants, la présente recherche mobilise les concepts de compétence, et tout particulièrement de compétences entrepreneuriales et citoyennes. Nous avons également évoqué, en relation avec la construction de notre cadre théorique, le concept d’identité et la valorisation de soi. Notre hypothèse principale est celle d’une acquisition de compétences par les élèves, qui induit des effets en matière de construction identitaire. Ensuite, nous avons évoqué nos deux enquêtes de terrain (dans les académies de Lille et de Guadeloupe), ainsi que notre corpus de données (entretiens semi-directifs et observations), sur lesquels nous nous sommes appuyés, afin notamment de vérifier cette hypothèse centrale.
L’ULIS : dispositif ou classe à part entière ?
Authors: Amiama José F. , Reydy Carine , Urruty Patrick
Published: February 2020

Cet article propose une réflexion basée sur la comparaison entre des dispositifs inclusifs de deux collèges aquitains et celui d’un collège du Pays Basque espagnol. Nous nous appuyons sur une analyse des textes officiels et sur l’étude qualitative des commentaires de quatre professionnelles de ces établissements lors d’un échange organisé. Il ressort de l’étude que le dispositif français présente un risque important de générer, avec les élèves en situation de handicap, le fonctionnement d’une « classe à part », ce qui conduit à questionner son adéquation avec les principes de l’école inclusive. Les réflexions développées à partir de la comparaison des pratiques dans les trois établissements transfrontaliers nous permettent de proposer des pistes pour contribuer à faire des enseignants spécialisés des personnes ressource pour l’inclusion au service de l’ensemble de l’établissement.
Vers une disparition de l’enseignement spécialisé comme expertise ?
Authors: Mithout Anne
Published: February 2020

Depuis 2006, le Japon a mis en place une politique dite « d’éducation de soutien spécialisé » qui vise à favoriser l’inclusion des élèves en situation de handicap en milieu ordinaire. Cette politique se traduit en particulier par un partage de compétences accru entre écoles ordinaires et écoles spécialisées, ayant pour objectif la disparition du métier d’enseignant spécialisé en tant que profession spécifique, en parallèle du développement des compétences liées au handicap de tous les enseignants. Comment s’articulent en pratique ces deux logiques ? Cet article présente les résultats d’une enquête de terrain menée au Japon et vise à analyser les modalités de la coopération entre milieu spécialisé et milieu ordinaire en éclairant à la fois les bénéfices et les difficultés soulevées par la disparition du modèle de l’enseignement spécialisé comme « expertise ».
L’intégration des différents acteurs dans le temps et l’espace scolaire
Authors: Barbosa Rafael Conde , Placco Vera Maria Nigro de Souza
Published: February 2020

Dans cet article, nous partageons les résultats d´une recherche doctorale qui vise à discuter comment une politique publique peut envisager l’inclusion et l’intégration de tous les acteurs scolaires, en considérant tant la communauté scolaire que la communauté hors l’école, spécifiquement dans le Programme d’Enseignement Intégral (PEI). Le but de ce programme est de promouvoir un élève qui sera un sujet autonome, responsable et solidaire. Pour faire face au défi de comprendre l’inclusion dans les politiques publiques, nous avons étudié les actions menées pour soutenir et intégrer tous les acteurs scolaires dans cette voie. Les recherches menées par des chercheurs brésiliens nous guident dans cette compréhension (Paro, 1988 ; Libâneo, 2012 ; Ramos, 2012 ; Faveri, 2013). Le cadre méthodologique adopté pour réaliser cette recherche est l’observation des sujets dans deux écoles publiques situées dans la ville de São Paulo (Brésil), ainsi que des entretiens avec les directeurs, les vice-directeurs, les coordinateurs, les enseignants et les élèves. La triangulation des données est outillée par une analyse croisée des documents qui établissent les missions des différents acteurs, les données qualitatives collectées et le cadre théorique que soutient cette recherche. L’analyse a pu montrer que l’inclusion doit commencer par la reconnaissance et la mobilisation des acteurs de l’école pour qu’ils puissent mieux connaître l’environnement scolaire et maîtriser le temps et l’espaces scolaire.
La communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle
Authors: Labelle Jean , Leclerc Martine , Jacquin Philippe
Published: February 2020

Si un consensus se forme autour des valeurs inhérentes à l’inclusion scolaire et à la différenciation pédagogique, il semble qu’il soit plus difficile de les actualiser. D’aucuns préconisent alors d’offrir de la formation. Cet article vise à comprendre en quoi le travail en communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle constitue une approche de développement professionnel pour les enseignantes et enseignants désireux de participer à l’inclusion et la différenciation. L’article fait état d’une recherche menée dans une école primaire du Québec sur une période de quatre années. Les résultats montrent que la CAP participe au développement professionnel axé sur des pratiques d’inclusion et de différenciation en donnant lieu à une régulation de l’enseignement pour répondre aux besoins de tous les élèves.
Outils numériques et gestes d’adaptation inclusifs pour l’accessibilité du langage écrit aux élèves présentant des TSLA
Authors: Brun Xavière , Hache Caroline , Ladage Caroline
Published: February 2020

L’accueil des élèves en situation de handicap, dont font partie les élèves présentant des troubles spécifiques du langage et des apprentissages, s’est généralisé depuis la loi de 2005. Leur présence en classe ordinaire amène les enseignants à adapter leurs pratiques en ayant recours aux outils numériques. Ont-ils accès à des formations pour les accompagner ? Quelle est l’influence de ces formations sur leurs pratiques inclusives ? Une enquête nationale, recueillant 3 707 participations, a été réalisée auprès des enseignants exerçant en milieu ordinaire dans les collèges publics nationaux. Les résultats montrent une corrélation entre les caractéristiques des formations et les gestes déclarés d’adaptation pédagogique et d’évaluation. La démarche volontaire est fortement corrélée à une variation de gestes, interrogeant l’influence de la motivation dans une démarche de professionnalisation.
Portrait comparatif d’enseignants québécois et tessinois de leur sentiment d’efficacité personnelle à gérer la classe
Authors: Gaudreau Nancy , Massé Line , Nadeau Marie-France , Verret Claudia , Bernier Vincent , Frenette Eric
Published: February 2020

Le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle (SEP) des enseignants est reconnu pour grandement influencer la qualité de l’enseignement offert aux élèves, notamment dans un contexte d’éducation inclusive et d’élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales. Le but de cette étude est d’examiner et de comparer le SEP en gestion de classe des enseignants du Québec ( n = 1 179) et du Tessin ( n = 242) qui œuvrent au préscolaire et au primaire, à partir de variables sociodémographiques. Des relations ont été observées en ce qui concerne l’expérience des enseignants et leur SEP à gérer la classe. Les résultats révèlent des différences significatives selon le pays d’origine, le genre et l’ordre d’enseignement des participants.
Vers une convergence des doctrines stratégiques des pays baltes, de la Suède et de la Finlande autour de la sécurité militaire depuis 2014
Authors: Siffre Camille
Published: February 2020

Face aux récentes évolutions dans la politique étrangère de la Russie, marquées par l’intensification de ses activités militaires à ses frontières occidentales et en mer Baltique, les pays baltes, la Suède et la Finlande ont adopté de nouvelles mesures de sécurité de type militaire. Cet article se propose d’étudier les évolutions des doctrines stratégiques de ces États, dont les stratégies de sécurité ont été bouleversées par l’annexion de la Crimée en 2014. Alors que les pays baltes ont rapidement fait le choix de l’alliance et de l’alignement avec l’OTAN suite à leur indépendance en 1991, la Suède et la Finlande ont conservé, et conservent encore officiellement, une politique de non-alignement militaire, héritée de leur position d’États neutres durant la Guerre froide. Ces différences majeures dans les stratégies de sécurité de ces États tendent à se résorber largement depuis 2014 avec une nouvelle perception de la menace russe, traduisant une convergence de leurs doctrines stratégiques.
Les perceptions britanniques de la sécurité en mer Baltique
Authors: Foxall Andrew , Rogers James , Chillaud Matthieu
Published: February 2020

En qualité de grande puissance européenne, le Royaume-Uni a toujours eu un intérêt pour ce qui se passe dans la région de la Baltique. La résurgence de la stratégie révisionniste de la Russie depuis 2014 – si ce n’est depuis 2008 – a contraint la Grande-Bretagne à intensifier son engagement stratégique avec les pays riverains de la mer Baltique. En tant que première puissance militaire de l’Europe, le Royaume-Uni a joué un rôle clé en soutenant la Présence avancée renforcée (EFP) et la mission de police du ciel de l’OTAN, ainsi que par le canal d’initiatives stratégiques bilatérales et multilatérales. Bien que le Royaume-Uni soit sur le point de se retirer de l’Union européenne (UE) en 2020, l’engagement britannique envers l’OTAN est à toute épreuve, ce qui signifie que le pays continuera d’aider à soutenir la sécurité baltique.
Le régime légal de la partie septentrionale de la mer Baltique dans le contexte des récents développements de sécurité
Authors: Lott Alexander , Henrotin Joseph
Published: February 2020

Les détroits de la partie septentrionale de la mer Baltique, le golfe de Botnie, le golfe de Finlande et le golfe de Riga, sont importants pour entre autres la sécurité de Stockholm, Helsinki, Tallinn, Saint Pétersbourg et Riga. Ces dernières années, en raison tout particulièrement de l’occupation et de l’annexion de la Crimée en 2014, les États riverains de la mer Baltique ont adopté des mesures pour dissuader et réagir à la menace de la guerre hybride. Une attention toute particulière a été portée sur la partie septentrionale de la mer Baltique en raison des nombreux incidents dont ont été victimes les États riverains avec les avions et navires russes, comme dans le golfe de Finlande ou la politique de démilitarisation (Gotland et Åland) qui ont laissé des zones stratégiques importantes vulnérables à l’utilisation de la force. Cet article s’attache à analyser les mesures prises par les États riverains de la partie septentrionale de la mer Baltique afin de s’adapter à l’environnement de sécurité changeant et examine minutieusement le cadre légal qui a trait aux développements de sécurité récents dans les détroits, golfs et ports de la région.
La dissuasion par la coopération. La Finlande, modèle de résilience face aux défis du « sharp power » russe
Authors: Marin Anaïs
Published: February 2020

La Finlande est habituée à une relation asymétrique avec la Russie. Petit pays périphérique, sa survie en tant qu’État démocratique a supposé des concessions et une forme d’autocensure pour assurer un modus vivendi avec Moscou. L’évolution de la posture russe – à la fois plus agressive, et mobilisant un arsenal non-militaire plus subversif (le sharp power ) – a changé la donne ces dernières années. Pour se prémunir contre l’influence hybride russe, la Finlande a développé une stratégie de sécurité impliquant toute la société dans la défense des fonctions vitales du pays. En cela, la Finlande est un modèle de résilience pour la région. La dissuasion passe aussi par la multiplication des coopérations, bi- et multilatérales, et l’approfondissement de partenariats avec la Suède, les États-Unis, l’Union européenne et l’OTAN. Le maintien d’une certaine ambigüité quant à sa possible adhésion à l’OTAN procure à la Finlande un avantage stratégique, sans pour autant résoudre son dilemme de sécurité.
Family Caregiving During the Hospitalization of an Older Relative
Authors: Glose Susan
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the current study was to examine the role and activities of family caregivers for older relatives during hospitalization. The Family Care Actions Index was completed by 293 family caregivers of hospitalized older adults. Results indicated that the scope of caregiving activities extended beyond providing care to the patient and included working together with the health care team. Activities requiring interaction with providers, such as care coordination, planning, evaluation, and oversight, were frequently performed by family caregivers. Family caregivers are assuming a greater role during the hospital stay of older relatives. Partnering with family caregivers provides hospital staff an opportunity to improve care, outcomes, and satisfaction. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46
(3), 45–50.]
Long-Term Follow-Up of Efficacy and Safety of YAG Vitreolysis for Symptomatic Weiss Ring Floaters
Authors: Shah Chirag P. , Heier Jeffrey S.
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To describe long-term outcomes and complications after YAG vitreolysis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This is an observational extension study to a previously reported, randomized, controlled study. Thirty-five of 52 patients returned at an average of 2.3 years (range: 1.1 to 3.0) after their last YAG vitreolysis treatment to assess long-term efficacy and safety.

RESULTS:

At 2.3 years, 50% of patients felt their symptoms were significantly or completely better, similar to results at 6 months (53%). There was a 59.4% improvement in symptoms, similar to 6 months (54%). The 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire revealed improvements in: near activities, distance vision, mental health, and role difficulties. Adverse events included three eyes with delayed retinal tears, noted 1.4 to 2.8 years after YAG vitreolysis.

CONCLUSIONS:

The efficacy of YAG vitreolysis observed at 6 months was sustained at 2.3 years, with half reporting significant or complete resolution of their floater symptoms. Three patients developed delayed retinal tears not evident at 6 months. A large, long-term randomized controlled trial is needed to determine the true risks of YAG vitreolysis.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2020;51:85–88.]
Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome Phenotype With Prominent Vitreoretinal Neovascularization Treated With Early PPV: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Zubair Talhah , Callaway Natalia F. , Ludwig Cassie Ann , Tang Peter H. , Shields Ryan A. , Ji Marco H. , Vail Daniel , Powers Matthew A. , Moshfeghi Darius M.
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To describe a case series of three patients in one family with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease who presented with vitreoretinal neovascularization and resulting tractional retinal detachments (TRDs). This vitreoretinal phenotype of VHL may benefit from early surgical intervention.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Descriptive case series of three patients in one family with VHL disease. A review of the literature regarding surgical intervention for VHL was performed.

RESULTS:

All three patients developed prominent intravitreal neovascularization with fibrovascular growth within the vitreous secondary to a retinal capillary hemangioma. Two subjects with intravitreal neovascularization were treated with laser and cryotherapy but eventually developed a TRD. The final vision in these two patients was light perception and 20/300. The eye that was preemptively treated with vitrectomy to remove the vitreous sustaining the neovascularization had visual acuity of 20/50 after surgery.

CONCLUSION:

Intravitreal neovascularization with fibrovascular proliferation may be an indication for vitrectomy prior to the development of retinal detachment.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2020;51:109–115.]
Providing Adult Learners in Community Colleges With Education and Support
Authors: King Stephanie B.
Published: February 2020

This chapter provides an overview of the development and mission of community colleges to present the challenges that adult students who attend community colleges often face, and to explore ways that community colleges can help students overcome these challenges. Challenges are often related to other obligations adult students face, financial pressures, geographic location, academic ability, and feelings of not belonging. Community colleges are uniquely situated to address these challenges through programs and practices from beginning orientation, through coursework, and onto graduation. Postsecondary education can lead to employment that can give students the resources they need to improve the lives of their families and communities.
A Practitioner Guide on Backward Design Application for Online Aviation Training in Higher Education
Authors: Brito Felix , Surrency Monica
Published: February 2020

The aviation industry experienced a significant growth over the years. Such growth was supported by a highly knowledgeable workforce, which presented various skills, including problem-solving and decision-making. The need for a highly skilled workforce led an aviation-focused university located in southeast USA to provide students with learning opportunities to hone those skills to succeed in the industry. This chapter explains the process through which those learning opportunities are created. It presents a practitioner's guide on how that university is designing online courses for the aviation industry. The entire design and development process and the theories supporting it, such as Backward Design and authentic learning, are thoroughly discussed. The chapter also presents several challenges negatively impacting the successful design of those courses and how those challenges can be mitigated so instructionally-sound online courses are created.
The Role of Management in Instructional Design
Authors: Brown Tasha M.
Published: February 2020

A great deal of instructional designers' time is spent designing the course content and managing projects. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of literature examining the project management knowledge, skills, and abilities performed by and expected of instructional designers from different sectors. To fully demonstrate the importance of management in the instructional design process, the author examines prior research and highlights the significance of reviewing the competencies and standards developed by professional organizations within the field. This chapter also discusses the importance of management to the instructional design process, how to successfully align and bridge the gap between instructional design models – ADDIE and SAM – and project management, as well as how the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) complements the instructional design process. The author examines project management, cost and budget management, people management, and timelines and deadline management. The author concludes by explaining how the chapter will benefit new instructional designers entering the field while also enhancing current instructional designers' knowledge about management trends and expectations.
The Past, Present, and Future of Virtual Reality in Higher Education
Authors: Yoo Jinhee , Brownlee Eric A.
Published: February 2020

This chapter focuses on how Virtual Reality (VR) can be used to educate students in a variety of disciplines. Authors include a comprehensive synthesis of previous virtual reality in the educational setting literature. They also provide specific examples of virtual reality usage in the education setting utilizing specific VR class assignments from multiple universities. Based on their comprehensive review of previous research, the authors provide suggestions for future research and application of VR both inside and outside of the classroom. Two specific VR class assignments/activities are incorporated and can be utilized by professors to provide undergraduate and graduate students with an introduction to the application of VR.
The User Acceptance Behavior to Mobile Digital Libraries
Authors: Liu Li , Su Xin , Akram Umair , Abrar Muhammad
Published: February 2020

The rapid development of mobile digital libraries is an inevitable trend in online library services in recent years. The effect of the new digital service is closely related to the continuous improvements and innovation of online library, as well as users' experiences and acceptance behaviors. Based on the UTAUT model, we conducted a standardized questionnaire survey and collected a dataset with a sample of digital library users. Then, we use SPSS to analyze the dataset and demonstrate the reliability and validity of the sample. Besides, we also use AMOS to conduct structural equation model, examine the fitting degree, and provide theoretical contributions and practical implications for both academia and practice. The results show that the factors influencing a user's behavior include social influence, user innovation, payment value, performance expectancy, facilitating condition, and intention to use, which are all positive. However, effort expectancy and service mobility had no effect on reception behavior.
Predictors of Perceived Learning Outcomes, Satisfaction, and Continued Use Intention in SAP ERP-Enabled Courses
Authors: Zhao Yu , Bandyopadhyay Kakoli , Barnes Cynthia
Published: February 2020

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems allow businesses to achieve high performance through distinctive capabilities and are one of the fastest growing areas within information systems. Many universities have adopted ERP in their management information systems (MIS) curriculum to increase the marketability of their students. Drawing on the IS success model and several constructive learning theories, this study develops a model that is predictive of students' continued ERP software use intention, satisfaction, and perceived learning outcomes. SAP is the ERP system used in this study. Business students at four mid-sized state universities in the United States were surveyed. The universities are members of the SAP University Alliance. There were 373 usable responses. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to empirically test the model. The findings indicate that student motivation, perceived instructor support, and ERP system quality are strong predictors of student satisfaction, and learning outcomes. Student motivation and ERP system quality, but not perceived instructor support, are also significant predictors of continued use intention.
A Secure and Privacy-Preserving Approach to Protect User Data across Cloud based Online Social Networks
Authors: Neelu khare  , Kumaran U.
Published: February 2020

The tremendous growth of social networking systems enables the active participation of a wide variety of users. This has led to an increased probability of security and privacy concerns. In order to solve the issue, the article defines a secure and privacy-preserving approach to protect user data across Cloud-based online social networks. The proposed approach models social networks as a directed graph, such that a user can share sensitive information with other users only if there exists a directed edge from one user to another. The connectivity between data users data is efficiently shared using an attribute-based encryption (ABE) with different data access levels. The proposed ABE technique makes use of a trapdoor function to re-encrypt the data without the use of proxy re-encryption techniques. Experimental evaluation states that the proposed approach provides comparatively better results than the existing techniques.
Data Backup and Recovery With a Minimum Replica Plan in a Multi-Cloud Environment
Authors: Alshammari Mohammad M. , Alwan Ali A. , Nordin Azlin , Abualkishik Abedallah Zaid
Published: February 2020

Cloud computing has become a desirable choice to store and share large amounts of data among several users. The two main concerns with cloud storage are data recovery and cost of storage. This article discusses the issue of data recovery in case of a disaster in a multi-cloud environment. This research proposes a preventive approach for data backup and recovery aiming at minimizing the number of replicas and ensuring high data reliability during disasters. This approach named Preventive Disaster Recovery Plan with Minimum Replica (PDRPMR) aims at reducing the number of replications in the cloud without compromising the data reliability. PDRPMR means preventive action checking of the availability of replicas and monitoring of denial of service attacks to maintain data reliability. Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of PDRPMR and the results demonstrated that the storage space used one-third to two-thirds compared to typical 3-replicas replication strategies.
Hybrid Ensemble Learning With Feature Selection for Sentiment Classification in Social Media
Authors: Sharma Sanur , Jain Anurag
Published: February 2020

This article presents a study on ensemble learning and an empirical evaluation of various ensemble classifiers and ensemble features for sentiment classification of social media data. The data was collected from Twitter in real-time using Twitter API and text pre-processing and ranking-based feature selection is applied to textual data. A framework for a hybrid ensemble learning model is presented where a combination of ensemble features (Information Gain and CHI-Squared) and ensemble classifier that includes Ada Boost with SMO-SVM and Logistic Regression has been implemented. The classification of Twitter data is performed where sentiment analysis is used as a feature. The proposed model has shown improvements as compared to the state-of-the-art methods with an accuracy of 88.2% with a low error rate.
GA-Based Optimized Image Watermarking Method With Histogram and Butterworth Filtering
Authors: Malik Sunesh , Reddlapalli Rama Kishore , Gopal Girdhar
Published: February 2020

The present paper proposes a new and significant method of optimization for digital image watermarking by using a combination of Genetic Algorithms (GA), Histogram and Butterworth filtering. In this proposed method, the histogram range selection of low frequency components is taken as a significant parameter which assists in bettering the imperceptibility and robustness against attacks. The tradeoff between the perceptual transparency and robustness is considered as an optimization puzzle which is solved with the help of Genetic Algorithm. As a result, the experimental outcomes of the present approach are obtained. These results are secure and robust to various attacks such as rotation, cropping, scaling, additive noise and filtering attacks. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and Normalized cross correlation (NC) are carefully analyzed and assessed for a set of images and MATLAB2016B software is employed as a means of accomplishing or achieving these experimental results.
Resilience to Supply Disruptions in a Non-Linear Two-Tier Supply Chain Model
Authors: White Anthony S. , Censlive Michael
Published: February 2020

This article describes using a nonlinear APVIOBPCS to model the resilience response to the failure of one of the suppliers of a two-tier supply chain comprising a retailer and two suppliers. The second supplier then supplies all the goods required by the retailer. The model is chosen as the simplest case to examine resilience. Time to recover from disruption to ship all goods required by customers is slightly worse when the order rate when it reaches capacity limits but is less than the delay in the system from supplier to final shipment. Just over one weeks' maximum shipments stock at each tier guarantees shipments impervious to the collapse of one supplier, controller type has little effect on the performance of the model. These results agree with other researchers in general trend but not in detail. The response does not match the ‘Resilience Triangle.'
Quality Indicators for the Performance Evaluation at a Biochemistry Laboratory
Authors: Athanasiadou Zoi S. , Mourtzikou Antonia , Stamouli Marilena , Karkalousos Petros
Published: February 2020

The use of quality indicators and risk evaluation are valuable tools for maintaining the quality of laboratory tests. There are both requirements of ISO 15189: 2012 and are usually based on common statistical and empirical data. The purpose of the present study was the quality quantification and risk evaluation through the collection, study, and analysis of quality indicators covering the pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical phases of the laboratory testing process. Statistical data was collected for the period from 1/12/2017 to 28/2/2018, using the LIS of Biochemical Laboratory. QIs were evaluated using the Six Sigma method and the Pareto statistical tool. FMEA risk analysis was performed, while the degree of risk priority with the Pareto method. The results show that in the analytical phase the QIs give us satisfactory values, while those in the pre- and post- analytical phases need further preventive/corrective actions in order to overcome the problems raised by the QIs. Thus, the fully automatization and computerization of the laboratory is needed.
Combining Linked Open Data Similarity and Relatedness for Cross OSN Recommendation
Authors: Boubenia Mohamed , Belkhir Abdelkader , Bouyakoub Fayçal M'hamed
Published: February 2020

The emergence of online social networks (OSNs) and linked open data (LOD) bring up opportunities to experiment on a new generation of cross-domain recommender systems in which the true benefit of LOD can be exploited, particularly to address the new user problems. In this article, the authors explore the feasibility of combining the two axes of comparison, similarity and relatedness, in LOD space, and introduce a new LOD-based similarity measure. The reason is to take benefit more from LOD to compare general resources, which can be useful in the context of cross-OSN recommendation. Experimental evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Design of a Blockchain-Based Smart Contract Model for Child Labor Alleviation
Authors: Brice Senou Mahugnon Rosaire , Degila Jules
Published: February 2020

The achievements of west and central Africa in producing more than 60% of the world's cocoa, and sub-Saharan Africa's achievement in producing 13% of the world's cotton, hide child labor. These significant levels of production often involve child exposure to issues such as a lack of education; pesticides; dangerous farming tools; work accidents; human trafficking; etc. Blockchain offers an immutable register that allows for digital transactions, smart contract creation, as well as end-to-end product traceability. The main aim of this article is to provide an intelligent contract framework that protects child labor in farming while further enlightening understandings of adoption-related challenges. This framework considers conditions that farmer associations need to satisfy and gives them a tool to improve children's welfare. A research model for the adoption of this tool has been proposed and validated through surveys in the cotton and cacao sectors.
Cocaine abuse induced diffuse alveolar haemorrhage: a rare entity
Authors: Mengar Manas , Gupta Nitesh , Chakrabarti Shibdas , Aggarwal Vipin , Shah Kalindi , Ish Pranav
Published: February 2020

Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is characterised by diffuse pulmonary opacities, respiratory failure, a falling haemoglobin level along with presence of hemosiderin-laden macrophages on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Finding the underlying aetiology of DAH can be challenging but of importance as the treatment and prognosis are largely determined by it. We report a case of DAH with underlying cocaine abuse, a rare cause for the same.
Mastering your fellowship
Authors: Von Pressentin Klaus B. , Naidoo Mergan , Steinberg Wilhelm J. , Nkombua Lushiku , Ras Tasleem
Published: February 2020

The series, ‘Mastering your Fellowship’, provides examples of the Different question formats encountered in the written and clinical examinations, that is, Part A of the Fellowship of the College of Family Physicians of South Africa (FCFP [SA]) examination. The series is aimed at helping family medicine registrars prepare for this examination.
Uniqueness and stability of the saddle-shaped solution to the fractional Allen–Cahn equation
Authors: Felipe-Navarro Juan Carlos , Sanz-Perela Tomás
Published: February 2020

In this paper we prove the uniqueness of the saddle-shaped solution

u\colon \mathbb{R}^{2m} \to \mathbb{R}

to the semilinear nonlocal elliptic equation

(-\Delta)^\gamma u = f(u)

in

\mathbb{R}^{2m}

, where

\gamma \in (0,1)

and

f

is of Allen–Cahn type. Moreover, we prove that this solution is stable if

2m\geq 14

. As a consequence of this result and the connection of the problem with nonlocal minimal surfaces, we show that the Simons cone

\{(x', x'') \in \mathbb{R}^{m}\times \mathbb{R}^m: |x'| = |x''|\}

is a stable nonlocal

(2\gamma)

-minimal surface in dimensions

2m\geq 14

.

Saddle-shaped solutions of the fractional Allen–Cahn equation are doubly radial, odd with respect to the Simons cone, and vanish only in this set. It was known that these solutions exist in all even dimensions and are unstable in dimensions 2, 4, and 6. Thus, after our result, the stability remains an open problem only in dimensions 8, 10, and 12.

The importance of studying this type of solution is due to its relation with the fractional version of a conjecture by De Giorgi. Saddle-shaped solutions are the simplest non 1D candidates to be global minimizers in high dimensions, a property not yet established in any dimension.
A Multiscale Spatial Dataset for Policy-Driven Land Developability across the United States, 2001–2011
Authors: Ho Hung Chak , Chi Guangqing
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Land vulnerability and development can be restricted by both land policy and geophysical limits. Land vulnerability and development cannot be simply quantified by land cover/use change, because growth related to population dynamics is not horizontal. Particularly, time-series data with a higher flexibility considering the ability of land to be developed should be used to identify areas of spatiotemporal change. By considering the policy aspects of land development, this approach will allow one to further identify the lands facing population stress, socioeconomic burdens, and health risks. Here the concept of “land developability” is expanded to include policy-driven factors and land vulnerability to better reconcile developability with socio-environmental justice. The first phrase of policy-driven land developability mapping is implemented in estimating land information across the contiguous United States in 2001, 2006, and 2011. Multiscale data products for state-, county- and census-tract-levels are provided from this estimation. The extension of this approach can be applied to other countries with modifications for their specific scenarios. The data generated from this work are available at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/AMZMWH (Chi and Ho, 2019).
FLiES-SIF ver. 1.0: Three-dimensional radiative transfer model for
estimating solar induced fluorescence
Authors: Sakai Yuma , Kobayashi Hideki , Kato Tomomichi
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Global terrestrial ecosystems control the atmospheric CO2 concentration through gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration processes. Chlorophyll fluorescence is one of the energy release pathways of excess incident lights in the photosynthetic process. Over the last ten years, extensive studies have been revealed that canopy scale sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), which potentially provides a direct pathway to link leaf level photosynthesis to global GPP, can be observed from satellites. SIF is used to infer photosynthetic capacity of plant canopy, however, it is not clear how the leaf-level SIF emission contributes to the top of canopy directional SIF. Plant canopy radiative transfer models are the useful tools to understand the causality of directional canopy SIF. One dimensional (1-D) plane parallel layer models (e.g. the Soil Canopy Observation, Photochemistry and Energy fluxes (SCOPE) model) have been widely used and are useful to understand the general mechanisms behind the temporal and seasonal variations in SIF. However, due to the lack of complexity of the actual canopy structures, three dimensional models (3-D) have a potential to delineate the realistic directional canopy SIFs. Forest Light Environmental Simulator for SIF (FLiES-SIF) version 1.0 is the 3-D Monte Carlo plant canopy radiative transfer model to understand the biological and physical mechanisms behind the SIF emission from complex forest canopies. In this model description paper, we focused on the model formulation and simulation schemes, and showed some sensitivity analysis against several major variables such as view angle and leaf area index (LAI). The simulation results show that SIF increases with LAI then saturated at LAI > 2–4 depending on the spectral wavelength. The sensitivity analysis also shows that simulated SIF radiation may decrease with LAI at higher LAI domain (LAI > 5). These phenomena are seen in certain sun and view angle conditions. This type of non-linear and non-monotonic SIF behavior to LAI is also related to spatial forest structure patterns. FLiES-SIF version 1.0 can be used to quantify the canopy SIF in various view angles including the contribution of multiple scattering which is the important component in the near infrared domain. The potential use of the model is to standardize the satellite SIF by correcting the bi-directional effect. This step will contribute to the improvement of the GPP estimation accuracy through SIF.
Business Practices to Minimize Safety Risks: A Case Study of Two Adventure Tourism Businesses in Malaysia
Authors: Md Zainudin Noorfaizah , Tasnim Rahayu
Published: February 2020

Risk is inherent in adventure tourism. Without risk, adventure tourism will lose their excitement and uniqueness. Managing risk in commercial adventure tourism operation is essential for the safety of travelers. The improper risk management in this business may lead to some issues such as injury and accidents. Risks involved in adventure tourism are frequently highlighted by the media, usually after a reported accident of fatality. The increased in the number of reported accidents by media in the adventure tourism sector recently, may give significant effect and harmful impact on business as well as the whole tourism industry. Thus, it is important for the commercial adventure tourism businesses and company providers to have effective tools and model(s) in managing the risk effectively to avoid any circumstances that lead to accidents in order for the business to run smoothly with high reputation and confidence of customers. This study explores whether or not Malaysian adventure tourism businesses adhere to any risk management guidelines or models. Two preliminary case studies of adventure tourism businesses in Malaysia illustrated that these businesses have no specific guidelines and risk management models that adventure tourism businesses should adhere to. In addition, findings from this study also demonstrated that no specific regulations imposed by the government for adventure tourism businesses to comply to. This study advises on the application and implementation of the Event Management Body of Knowledge (EMBOK) model as part of Malaysian adventure tourism businesses risk management responsibilities.
Interwar Internationalism and the Rebuilding of the Catholic University of Louvain Library (1914–1928)
Authors: Witt Steven
Published: February 2020

Drawing upon archival sources from the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP) and the Nicholas Murray Butler papers, this article situates postwar reconstruction of the library within the context of the wider internationalist movement and interwar attempts to replace nationalism with internationalism as a means to guarantee an enduring peace. The article analyzes the manner this library served as a symbol of the destruction of cultural heritage, civilization's conquest over barbarism, and the potential for moving beyond a state system focused on warfare. By contrasting the actions of the CEIP and the international library community that supported the project, this article views the campaign to rebuild the library through attempts to promote internationalism and foster reconciliation in Europe, exposing the difficulties faced by internationalists working in a transnational context to sway public opinion and overcome the power of nationalism as an animating force among states and citizens.
Revisiting the Concept of Political Participation in the Pacific
Authors: Baker Kerryn , Barbara Julien
Published: February 2020

Understanding how citizens participate in politics is important because it shapes political culture and the tenor of democracy. The standard research framing of Pacific politics, centring around institutions both formal and informal, fails to fully account for the myriad of ways in
which non-elite Pacific Islanders experience and relate to politics in their daily lives. This scholarly approach results in limited engagement with informal sites of politics and non-elite engagement with these sites. We argue that what is missing is a research approach that focusses on how
ordinary people actively and purposefully participate in politics in the region, and what it means for Pacific Islanders to be citizens who participate in politics. The concept of political participation provides a more fruitful entry point to fully understanding the changing political dynamics
of the region.
Facts, Traditions, and Complications of Skin Whitening Products among Female Students in Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abdalla Asma A. , Ahmed Mafaz S.
Published: February 2020

The increased use of skin whitening products serves as a significant challenge for the health care unit. The progressive use of the whitening products exposes individuals to various risk factors and skin-related complications. This study aims to determine the usage of skin-whitening products among female students at Ibn Sina University, Sudan. It further intends to assess the complications and risk factors that may emerge due to the increased use of skin whitening products. It used a descriptive cross-sectional design following a questionnaire-based survey approach. The data was collected from 138 females (age 17 to 25 years), which was statistically analyzed. The results revealed that 47.4% of the population used skin-whitening products, where 58.8% were aged 20-22 years. It revealed a significant association of marital status (p-value, 0.010) and belief (p-value, 0.001) with the use of skin whitening products. It concludes that increased usage of skin-whitening products leads to the occurrence of various complications. It stresses introducing educational and preventive programs to mitigate the use of harmful products.
AMBIENTES CORPORATIVOS: ANÁLISE DE PARÂMETROS DE INFLUÊNCIA NA SATISFAÇÃO DO USUÁRIO
Authors: Bóschi Rafaela , Moises Jackson , Ghisi Tatiana Cristina Schneider
Published: February 2020

Considerando que se passa a maior parte do dia em ambientes de trabalho, estando mais suscetível ao stress, ansiedade e depressão, as características do ambiente construído tornam-se facilitadoras de um espaço adequado, ajudando na produtividade e qualidade de vida; ou criando um espaço inadequado, causando desconforto aos usuários. Os ambientes corporativos sofreram alterações desde a Revolução Industrial, passando desde espaços totalmente segregados até abertos, os quais possuem grande usabilidade atualmente com suas plantas livres. Diante disto, este estudo consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica da história e tipologias de escritórios, visando entender em que momento foram aplicados e porque, além de analisar a influência de parâmetros relacionados à satisfação e bem-estar do usuário em ambientes corporativos. Considerou-se fatores físicos, cognitivos e psíquicos, aqui delimitados em: aspectos individuais, cor, conforto térmico, conforto luminoso, conforto acústico, ergonomia e biofilia, levantando dados sobre os mesmos, analisando de que forma interferem na produtividade e na saúde dos usuários, como podem ajudar para melhores resultados, e sua aplicação segundo normativas. Assim, resultou-se num conteúdo teórico abrangente, de abordagens de diferentes autores, que permitiram entender, além de possíveis soluções projetuais, os parâmetros que influenciam para uma melhor qualidade de vida nesses ambientes.
ANÁLISE DO MACROAMBIENTE NO CONTEXTO BRASILEIRO DAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR PRIVADAS
Authors: Gomes Gilciele Martins Gonçalves , Salume Paula Karina , Pinto Marcelo de Rezende , Ferreira Karina Fernanda Oliveira
Published: February 2020

Este artigo teve como propósito demonstrar os resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou conhecer e analisar variáveis do macro ambiente, no qual se enquadram Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) privadas, a fim de perceber oportunidades e ameaças nele dispersas. A realização do estudo se deu devido à direção que tem tomado o ensino superior brasileiro nos últimos anos, sobretudo após aumento do número de vagas e intenso investimento governamental em financiamento estudantil, e a chegada da crise político-econômica. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória a respeito do panorama do ensino superior brasileiro. Os resultados da pesquisa permitem afirmar que o macro ambiente do ensino superior brasileiro vem sofrendo diversas e importantes transformações. Além disso, apontam para uma situação na qual se visualiza que o ensino superior brasileiro está passando por uma grande turbulência em função, especialmente, da redução de investimentos em educação e dos reflexos da crise econômica, representados pelo aumento das taxas de desemprego e perda de poder aquisitivo.