bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of stress-strain state of plates made of crosslaminated timber reinforced with composite tapes
Authors: Mykhaylovskyi Denis , Komar Mykola , Komar Oleg
Published: July 2024

In our time, the construction industry is actively developing in various directions. Constructions with large cross-sections are being replaced by counterparts with reduced cross-sectionsusing various types of reinforcement.Cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels are a massive, multi-layered glued timber construction material. For high-rise building structures and wooden buildings, the use of CLT panels is the primary method for arranging floors and roofs. Layers oftimber are glued together under pressure, forming a virtually ready-made panel. The layers of timber lamellas are laid perpendicular to each other, transversely. The outer layers usually have the same orientation, while the internal layers, perpendicular to the outer ones, may consist of cheaper wood to savecosts. Most often, softwood is used for the production of such panels as the most affordable.However, the production of such panels requires significant material costs. Therefore, research in the  field of reinforcement of CLT panels to reduce their cross-section is relevant.Composite materials are leading in structural reinforcement now, as most of them have high resistance to various chemical influences, such as alkalis, acids, chlorides, sulfates, nitrates, and others.This allows them to be used both in industrial and agricultural construction, where there is a significant impact of the external environment on structures reinforced with composite materials, and in residential buildings, without harm to residents.After analyzing the stress-strain state through modeling in the LIRA CAD software package of CLT panels reinforced with composite strips and comparing them with similar panels without reinforcement, we can conclude that such materials canbe excellently combined with cross-laminated timber structures, allowing to increase the load-bearing capacity while reducing their cross-section.
Enhancing early childhood creativity through loose-parts media based on STEAM learning
Authors: Dewi Ayu Citra , Alif Laini  , Sri Intan Wahyuni  , Mega Cahya Dwi Lestari
Published: July 2024

This article examines classroom action research in which researchers and classroom teachers collaborate to understand and improve the benefits of loose-part media to increase children's creativity and the subsequent impact of loose-part media based on STEAM learning. Focusing on early childhood education, this research was carried out in collaboration with teachers provided 21 pupils 5–6-year-old at Mutiara Kasih Kindergarten in Padang City. The research procedures carried out included a combination of observation, discussion and reflection on practice in 3 cycles. Loose-part media based on STEAM learning is considered to have increased children's creativity, as shown by pre-cycle data of 6.9%. Cycle I was carried out with a creativity percentage of 15.4%, increasing to 47.1% after cycle II, and increasing to 80.42% after cycle III. This research recommends that the use of loose-parts and utilizing the surrounding environment based on STEAM learning can be implemented in kindergarten institutions.
Bullying in gifted and talented children: A systematic review
Authors: Febriana Sri , Syafril Syafrimen , Kuswanto Cahniyo Wijaya
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review of the research works that have analyzed bullying in gifted and talented children. The search was conducted in psychology and education databases (Scopus), considering works from the past 14 years (2009-2022). The research method used is the systematic literature review (SLR) method; the data is analyzed qualitatively, referring to the Milles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and data validation. The search string in this study is "bullying," AND "gifted," OR "talented," OR "children." The articles that have been selected are then mapped and codified with Nvivo 12 Pro. The results showed that gifted and talented children in early childhood institutions are more likely to be victims of bullying by their peers due to their unique characteristics and superior cognitive functions. Bullying behavior commonly experienced by gifted children takes the form of insults referring to their intelligence, comments about their appearance, or academic qualifications. Therefore, teachers play an essential role in creating a positive environment, rewarding high academic achievement, and conducting early identification. This study highlights the educational stakeholders' need to provide training or specific actions to the managers of early childhood institutions related to the prevention of bullying in gifted and talented children.
Current state of the source of evidence in the form of testimony of the accused
Authors: Bachurin S.N. ,   Karaganda university named after academician E.A. Buketov, Kussainova L.K. , Kalmaganbetova D.B. ,   Karaganda university named after academician E.A. Buketov,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: July 2024

This scientific article examines certain issues of the current state of the source of evidence in the form of testimony of the accused. Scientific interest has been aroused in this issue against the backdrop of the construction of a new three-tier model of judicial and law enforcement activities, providing for maximum respect for the rights and legitimate interests of citizens. The current state of the legal norms governing applications in criminal proceedings is analyzed in abstract form, especially at the stage of completion of the pre-trial investigation and in relation to such an active participant in the criminal process as the accused, in terms of correlation with the rules of evidence. Of particular interest in the scientific article is the presence of a legislative situation in which such a source of evidence as the testimony of the accused has actually dropped out of the system of sources of evidence, despite its formal presence as such among the factual data relevant for the correct resolution of a criminal case. Situations in the current legislation are analyzed in which there is a discrepancy with the previously theoretical interpretation of the rules on evidence, but which make it possible to identify new theoretical solutions that allow resolving such inconsistencies in the provisions of the current norms of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, preserving the current system of sources of evidence or justifying a new position in terms of using the testimony of the accused as a source of evidence in modern realities.
Selection and appointment of judges in the Republic of Kazakhstan: development of legislation and problematic aspects in the formation and activities of the Supreme Judicial Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Abdrasulov E.B. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Saktaganova A.B. , Zhenissov S.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: July 2024

Based on the analysis of the development of legislation and the identification of gaps and shortcomings in it, this paper suggests ways to improve the system of selection and appointment of judges in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is of great importance for the independent functioning of the judiciary and the implementation of the rule of law. In world practice, there are many ways to develop an effective and professional judicial corps. It is not necessary that all the mechanisms known from the legislation and experience of many countries are involved in this process. The authors believe that the fact of borrowing a certain mechanism, even tested in the activities of individual countries, cannot guarantee its efficiency in Kazakhstan. Indeed, various forms such as legislative prescriptions play an important role in this process, but no less important is the correct implementation of democratic world trends in the established legislative provisions, filling formal requirements with clear and legitimate content, which is ensured by the correct legal policy of the state, high-quality legal technology of legislation and the appropriate application of legal standards.
Some legal issues of regulation of hunting economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Teleuyev G.B. ,   International educational Corporation, Bekturganov A.E. , Yelikbay M.A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University,   Auezov University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the proposed study is to improve the legal support of hunting farms in the Republic of Kazakhstan by studying their current state. The main position of the authors in the article is that the hunting industry should develop as a separate branch of the economy. The animal world permanently or temporarily inhabiting the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the totality of living organisms living in conditions of natural freedom are considered an integral element of the natural environment subject to protection. Hunting is one of the oldest professions of mankind, which has existed for thousands of years and was originally the source of human existence. In the article, by analyzing the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on hunting management, the existing shortcomings are identified and mechanisms for their elimination are proposed. The proposed topic is relevant and meets modern requirements. This is due to the fact that the problem of preserving biological diversity in nature is becoming an urgent problem of our society. Despite new changes in domestic legislation concerning the protection of wildlife, a comprehensive mechanism for animal protection is still considered an open question. The rational organization of the hunting economy should be used as an additional means of protecting the animal world. The authors, conducting research on the features and nature of the development of the hunting industry, proved the need to introduce a national model of the domestic hunting industry. The authors conducted a brief review of the features of the formation of the national institute of hunting economy. The ways of improving national experience are proposed, taking into account the developed hunting experience of foreign countries.
Anti-criminal policy: moral foundations
Authors: Nomokonov V.A. ,   Far Eastern Federal University
Published: July 2024

The low effectiveness of traditional power options for solving the problem of crime determines the need to search for a broader state approach, to develop the foundations of a holistic anti-criminal policy. The purpose of this study is to determine the methodological and moral foundations of state influence on crime. In the author's approach, criminal policy is presented as an important, but still not the main, but a subordinate element of anti-criminal policy. The aspect is studied, in particular, related to the spiritual and moral content of the policy in the field of combating crime: the impact on crime should have a moral dimension, the means of countering it should be moral, and the effectiveness is determined, among other things, by the degree of moral impact on the consciousness of citizens - both those who have violated the criminal law and all others, including victims. The moral "price" of the impact on crime, the punishment system and its individual types should also be of great importance. The author comes to the conclusion that not only Russian, but also foreign policy in the field of combating crime should change radically, turn towards the full promotion of harmonization of public life, eliminating the causes of conflicts, reducing the severity of social contrasts, ensuring a balance of interests of the individual, society and the state, social solidarity. The trends taking place in anti-criminal policy today can have negative, including moral, consequences both for the country as a whole and for each individual citizen. The task of criminologists is to see possible criminal consequences and warn society about their threat.
Expert opinion in criminal proceedings: prospects for international comparative analysis
Authors: Bakyt S.B. ,   «Turan» University, Alayeva G.T. , Smanova A.B. ,   «Turan» University,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: July 2024

One of the main aspects of a complex and multifaceted criminal procedure system is the process of proof. Expert opinions play an important role in establishing facts, evaluating evidence, and making judgments. This scientific article is devoted to the study of international experience as an expert opinion in the process of proving in criminal proceedings. The purpose of the study is to analyze the international experience of using expert opinions and their impact on criminal proceedings. The study is of great scientific importance, as it contributes to understanding the role of expert opinions in criminal proceedings and helps in developing recommendations for improving this practice. The practical significance lies in the possibility of improving the evidentiary process, increasing the reliability of court decisions and ensuring fairness. The study uses a universal dialectical - materialistic method, general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative, systemic), special methods (historical, specifically sociological) and individual scientific formal legal methods. Based on international experience, the factors influencing court decisions in different countries have been identified. The article defines the practical aspects of their application, contributing to an understanding of the role of expert opinions in criminal proceedings. This can serve as a basis for further research and recommendations to improve criminal proceedings. The results of the study can also be useful for lawyers and human rights defenders, as well as the academic community. They can contribute to the development of more effective and fair evidence systems and the preservation of human rights in criminal proceedings.
Education about healthy aging to elderly in st.Vincentius a Paulo's church Surabaya
Authors: Lilyana Maria Theresia Arie , Julian Alvin
Published: July 2024

Elderly are individuls who are more than 60 years age. Increasing age have an impact to decreased physical functional and susceptible to have several chronic disease as a form of geriatric syndrome in elderly. Aim of this activity is to improve elderly awareness about being healthy aging who are carried out  through health education and filling out elderly vulnerability questionaire. The results of this activity can determine further activity that can be held in this elderly community of st. Vincentius a Paulo Surabaya church. The results of  this activity  showed 29 elderly (58%) from 50 participants have a symptom of fatigue as a result filling out elderlyy vulnerability questionaire. Fatigue in elderly can be caused by chronic illnes or sleep disorder due to various causes. Conclusion: based on the findings of this activity, it is necesarry to study the main causes of elderly had fatigue to determine appropriate intervention so that elderly have a good quality of life as they get older.
Analisis Penerapan Akuntansi Lingkungan Pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Sarang Giting
Authors: Ramadhani Anggiya Suci , Hasugian Hotbin , Nasution Yenni Samri Juliati
Published: July 2024

Permasalahan lingkungan hidup merupakan fenomena yang tersebar luas dan membutuhkan tinjauan kembali, disinilah peran akuntansi lingkungan menjadi penting sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan dan transparansi terhadap lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan akuntansi lingkungan yang dilakukan kebun dengan tahapan identifikasi, pengakuan, pengukuran, penyajian dan pengungkapan atas semua biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk pengendalian lingkungan dan pengelolaan limbah. Penelitian dilakukan di PTPN III Kebun Sarang Giting yang memproduksi karet. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deksriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan akuntansi lingkungan pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Sarang Giting belum optimal menerapkan akuntansi lingkungan secara menyeluruh sesuai dengan 5 tahapan yaitu identifikasi, pengakuan, pengukuran, penyajian dan pengungkapan. Tahap pertama kebun sudah melakukan identifikasi dan mengeluarkan biaya dengan baik, kemudian pengakuan dengan akun dan nomor rekening serta tahap pengukuran dengan satuan rupiah menggunakan biaya historis namun pada tahap penyajian disajikan tergabung ke dalam laporan laba rugi dan kebun belum mengungkapkan informasi ke dalam catatan atas laporan keuangan terkait biaya lingkungan dan pengelolaan limbah.
Semi-Automatic Design of Dual-Band End-Fed Antennas for Digital Antenna Arrays
Authors: Alekseytsev S. A. , Kolesnikov A. A. , Parshin Yu. N.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The topic of implementing a dual-band mode of operation for director dipole antennas is represented by a wide range of works, almost all of which are dedicated to studying the properties of a classic dipole. However, the issue of end excitation of radiators for dual-band director antennas remains open. The development of such radiators requires a deep analysis both from the point of view of developing mathematical and electrodynamics models, which corresponds to the tactical and technical requirements of modern digital antenna arrays.

Aim. To substantiate a procedure for determining the initial appearance of a dual-band antenna exciter from the standpoint of the systems approach to the design of antenna elements and nodes. This procedure is suitable for a semi-automated design of more complex antenna systems.

Materials and methods. As part of the research, the input impedance of a dual-band system consisting of two active radiators and two passive directors was determined using the method of induced electromotive forces (EMF). Models of dual-band director radiators were developed using the CST Studio Suite 2021 full-wave electromagnetic simulation.

Results. The results of developing procedures for a semi-automatic design of antennas with a dual-band function of input impedance are presented. Following a comparative analysis, approaches to implementing the printed layout of an antenna comprising standard radio engineering components, which imply serial production, are proposed.

Conclusion. The proposed models can be used when designing director, turnstile, and cardioid antennas, as well as antenna arrays. These designs are analogous to antennas based on a classic central excited dipole.
Algorithm for Assessing the Characteristics of a Waveguide Slot Antenna Array when Changing Antenna Element Phasing
Authors: Kryachko A. F. , Gladky N. A. , Bibarsov M. R. , Ayukov B. A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. When operating antennas in various radio-electronic systems, the influence of phase shifter (PS) failures on the characteristics of phased array antennas, waveguide-slot phased array antennas (WSPAA) in particular, should be taken into account. A review of publications shows a lack of research studies into failures of these elements.

Aim. Research of WSPAA characteristics in the event of PS failures, when their phase takes a value equal to zero instead of the required value.

Materials and methods. Statistical modeling methods were used to study the impact of PS failures on WSPAA characteristics. Calculations were carried out using a PC and the Mathcad 15 applied mathematics package.

Results. An algorithm for statistical modeling of the impact of PS failures on WSPAA characteristics is proposed. A relationship that connects the radiation pattern with the statistical sample volume and the number of failed PSs is presented. Malfunctions of emitters from 5 to 35 out of 50 elements were investigated. Changes in the following characteristics were obtained: standard deviation - from 0.064 to 0.18; relative values: radiation pattern width - from 8 to 18 %; level of side lobes - from 13 to 59 %; radiation power - from 0.9 to 0.3.

Conclusion. The results obtained can be generalized and used in radio-electronic systems with antenna arrays at the stage of their development. Future work will address the influence of PS failures with phases being established randomly and with random values, as well as PS failures in which power does not pass into the emitter. Another important area concerns compensation of distortions resulting from failures of antenna elements.
CFAR Target Detector in Synthetic Aperture Radar
Authors: Monakov A. A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detectors have found application in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. The operating principle of a classic cell averaging detector (CA-CFAR detector) is based on comparing the decision statistics in the test resolution element with an adaptive threshold, which is calculated from signals in the reference cells. The decision statistic is an estimate of the signal power. Therefore, target signal detection is based on the brightness contrast of the test and reference resolution cells. Such a detector is optimal provided that the noise background is homogeneous. In cases where the background homogeneity is violated, the quality of detection deteriorates. There are several known methods for improving the quality of detection (GO-CFAR, SO-CFAR, OS-CFAR, etc.). However, the precise principle of detection by brightness contrast in such CFAR detectors remains unchanged.

Aim. To synthesize a CFAR detector that uses not only the brightness contrast between the test and reference resolution cells, but also the spectral differences of the signals.

Materials and methods. The proposed CFAR detector uses estimates of the algebraic moments of the power spectral density of signals in range cells, based on which three decision statistics are calculated containing information about the power, the position of the energy center, and the width of the signal spectrum. The decision about the presence of a target in the test cell is carried out according to the 2/3 rule (2 threshold overshoots out of 3 comparisons).

Results. A comparison of the proposed detector with the SO-CFAR detector, performed by computer simulation, showed that, under a signal-to-clutter ratio of -6 dB and a false alarm probability of 10-4, the detection probability of the proposed detector was 0.933 versus 0.708 for the SO-CFAR detector.

Conclusion. The article proposes a three-parameter CFAR detector for a synthetic aperture radar system, in which the decision on the presence of a target in the test cell is made via estimation of the first three algebraic moments of the signal spectrum. The synthesized detection algorithm can also be used when detecting moving targets in SAR.
Method for Two-Stage Radar Measurement of the Blade Repetition Rate of a Propeller-Driven Aircraft
Authors: Heister S. R. , Kirichenko V. V.
Published: July 2024

Introduction. Radar images of aircraft propellers can significantly improve the quality of their recognition and protection against simulating interference. Such images can be obtained using algorithms based on an inverse antenna aperture synthesis. A key factor determining the quality of image acquisition is the accuracy of the rotor blade rotation frequency measurement. In 2019, a method for measuring the blade repetition rate was proposed, which is based on convolution of the "secondary" signal modulation spectrum while simultaneously eliminating the influence of the Doppler frequency of the signal reflected from the aircraft body. In sequential analysis, the number of cycles is determined by the ratio of the maximum blade repetition rate (hundreds of hertz) to the discrete frequency shift (thousandths of hertz). In this case, to solve the measurement problem, the required number of cycles should be hundreds of thousands, which is expensive in terms of practical implementation.

Aim. Development of a two-stage method for measuring the blade repetition rate, which allows the number of signal convolution cycles to be reduced by hundreds of times.

Materials and methods. The proposed method is aimed at implementing adaptation circuits to an a priori unknown rotor speed of an aircraft, which can be determined based on the blade rotation frequency. The method involves measuring the blade frequency in two stages: a rough measurement of the blade frequency rate followed by its accurate measurement within the limits of the maximum errors of the rough measurement.

Results. A method for a two-stage measurement of the blade repetition rate as applied to the construction of radar images of aircraft propellers is proposed. The feasibility of the method is illustrated by the example of a signal reflected from a Mi-8 helicopter. The requirements to the measurement error of the blade repetition rate and to the frequency analysis step at the precise measurement stage are formulated. The requirement to the repetition rate of probing signals is substantiated, the fulfillment of which ensures an unambiguous restoration of the spectrum of "secondary" modulation of the signal reflected from the blades of a propeller-driven aircraft.

Conclusion. The developed method for a two-stage measurement of the blade repetition rate ensures the adaptation of algorithms for constructing radar images of aircraft propellers to their rotation frequency.
Участь Олександра Барвінського у сецесії українських депутатів галицького сейму 1901 року
Authors: Klish Andriy ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to explore the crisis period in the Ukrainian-Polish relations in the Galician Sejm at the beginning of the 20th century and the participation of Oleksandr Barvinskyi in these events. Research Methodology. The study employs general scientific comprehensive research methods (empirical, comparative, theoretical, and analytical methods). Throughout the research, the author adheres to the principles of historicism, objectivity, and systematicity, ensuring that the analyzed sources and historiographical material are reliable and representative. The scientific novelty of the article lies in attempting a comprehensive analysis of Oleksandr Barvinskyi’s position during the secession of Ukrainian deputies of the Galician Sejm in 1903. Conclusions. The article traces that Oleksandr Barvinskyi’s participation in the secession of Ukrainian deputies from the Galician Sejm in 1901 proved to be a key stage in his political activity, determining a decisive turn in his approach to Ukrainian-Polish relations and political interaction. It has been clarified that initially, O. Barvinskyi defined his tactics as compromising and aimed at achieving Ukrainian aspirations through participation in parliamentary processes. However, the events of 1901, including the adoption of the bill on rental housing and the escalation of ethnic conflicts, forced him to reconsider his position. The secession reflected a break with the policy of compromise and demonstrated the evolution of the ideological platform of the socio-christian movement. Initiated by a sense of failure in negotiations with the Poles, the secession became an expression of a decisive defense of Ukrainian interests and a refusal of compromises that evidently did not yield the expected results. The 1901 secession determined the course of events in Galicia, emphasizing the need for Ukrainian political independence and intensifying the struggle for the rights and interests of Ukrainians. In conclusion, Barvinskyi’s participation in the secession defined a new stage in his political activity, pointing to the necessity of a more active and resolute advocacy for the rights and interests of Ukrainians in Galicia.
Ukrainian-Polish relations in the period of the Ukrainian national revolution of 1919-1920 in the vision of Andrii Livytskyi
Authors: Solodkovska Iryna ,   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the research is to shed light on the Ukrainian-Polish relations during the Ukrainian National Revolution of 1919-1920 in the vision of Andrii Livytskyi. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, and systematicity, which, when applying a concrete-historical approach, allows to significantly deepen the knowledge about the foreign policy and diplomacy of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, in particular, regarding the regulation of relations with the restored Polish state. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that, based on the work of domestic historians, the published documents, and the involvement of new archival sources, an attempt was made to comprehensively investigate the process of implementing the state course of the Ukrainian authorities on the settlement of relations with the Second Polish Republic. Conclusions. The Ukrainian People’s Republic authorities were clearly aware of the need to establish relations with Poland, without which it would not be possible to win Ukrainian statehood. Therefore, one of the directions of the foreign policy of the power structures was the building of relations with the restored Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. At the origins of this process stood Chief Ataman S. Petliura, Deputy Chairman of the Council of People’s Ministers and head of the diplomatic mission of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in Poland A. Livytskyi, Chief Plenipotentiary of the Government of the Ukrainian People’s Republic I. Ohienko, as well as authoritative public figures and representatives of various Ukrainian political parties. Despite all the difficulties of a military, political, and socio-economic nature, the state leadership tried to comply with the established terms of the agreement to the extent of their limited capabilities. A. Livytskyi’s visions give us the opportunity to reveal the content of the negotiations with the Polish state in 1919-1920 and to trace Ukrainian-Polish relations during the period of the Ukrainian National Revolution of 1917-1921. In many of his letters, A. Livytskyi emphasized that on the political horizon of Europe, large and important events in which Ukrainians should take an active part and as a result of which major changes should take place in Ukraine. These visions of Livytskyi help us to better understand his views on Ukrainian-Polish relations and the role of Ukraine in the international arena during the revolution of 1917-1921.
The legal regulation of the movement of refugees on the territory of Right-Bank of Ukraine during the First World War (1914-1917)
Authors: Klishchinskyi Pavlo ,   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of normative legal documents (laws, regulations, resolutions, orders) on the regulation of refugee matters in the territory of Right-bank Ukraine provinces, taking into account their front-line status. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism, systematicity, and comprehensiveness, as well as the problem-chronological and diachronic methods. The scientific novelty of the publication lies in the comprehensive analysis of regulatory documents issued by representatives of the imperial civil and military authorities on the regulation of the movement of refugees on the territory of the Right-bank provinces of Ukraine. Conclusions. The events of the First World War caused large-scale migration processes on the territory of Right-bank Ukraine. The analysis of legal documents regulating the movement of refugees in the region shows that the mass of this phenomenon required careful planning and legislative regulation by the state. It was atypical for the Russian reality to be included in organizations that cared for refugees, the public, and national committees to help victims of war. The leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the refugee case testified to the state’s interest in maintaining control over this process. The specificity of the province of Right-bank Ukraine was that the Law "On Ensuring the Needs of Refugees" dated August 30, 1915, and the "Guidelines for Accommodation of Refugees" dated March 2, 1916, as the main imperial legal documents regulating the movement of refugees in the years of the First of the World War, were supplemented here by numerous orders and decrees of the military and local civil authorities due to the front-line status of these territories. However, despite the scale of the work carried out by the imperial authorities in the field of providing comprehensive social assistance to refugees, cooperation between the branches of the administration, charitable, public, and national organizations was complicated not only by impeccable legislation but also by an imperfect state apparatus.
Ethnography of short prose by B. Lepkyi
Authors: Yatyshchuk Oksana ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University
Published: July 2024

The article explores the ethnographic elements in the prose of B. Lepky, a multifaceted Ukrainian poet, novelist, translator, and cultural activist, who authored over 80 books. The purpose of the article to examine the characteristics and significance of ethnography in Lepky's short prose, identifying the methods he employed to incorporate ethnographic details. This analysis seeks to reveal how these elements contribute to creating a distinct national image and reflect the depth of the writer's creative world. The research methodology The main methods of our research are historical and comparative. First of all, we strive to find analogies of the ethnographic realities mentioned in the work of B. Lepkyi, in the scientific literature, published and commented sources describing the life of Podillia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This is connected with the wide use of works containing specific ethnographic materials, historical references, and local history descriptions. For the same purpose, reference books and encyclopedias containing information about the places described by B. Lepkyi are used. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time an analysis of the artistic works of B. Lepky as an ethnographic source of everyday life in Podillia has been carried out. Conclusions. After analyzing the short prose of B. Lepkyі, we concluded that a literary work can serve as a valuable ethnographic source. In our research, we paid attention to the following ethnographic elements of the writer's short prose: ethnopedagogy, beliefs and worldview of the Ukrainian peasant, celebrating Christmas in Podillya, customs and traditions related to the Easter holidays. Using the example of B. Lepkyi’s short prose, it becomes clear that the object of direct ethnographic descriptions for a realist writer is not only the events that the author perceives as the archaic, but also the description of traditional everyday life, which gives special value to this ethnographic source. The reliability of ethnographic descriptions is confirmed by the research of Ukrainian ethnographers.
Library management as a component of the cultural- Educational and national-political activities of the Ukrainian Galician Army in right-bank Ukraine (july-december
Authors: Oliinyk Serhiy ,   Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to find out, based on the analysis of sources and historiography, the place and role of library management in the cultural-educational and national-political activities of the Ukrainian Galician Army in Right-bank Ukraine in July - December 1919. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The use of such methods as analysis, synthesis, as well as systematic, descriptive, statistical, and comparative methods made it possible to realize the set goal. The scientific novelty lies in an attempt to comprehensively study library management as a component of the cultural-educational and national-political activities of the Ukrainian Galician Army in Right-bank Ukraine in July - December 1919. Conclusions. During its stay in Right-bank Ukraine in July - December 1919, the UGA paid great attention to cultural-educational and national-political work among the Galician riflemen and the Podolians. One of the important tools of this process was library management. The main coordinating bodies of such activities were the "Department for Education under the UGA Stage Command" and the "Propaganda Bureau," reorganized in the fall of 1919 into the "Press Apartment." The Halychyna inhabitants took the use of the library quite seriously in cultural-educational and national-political activities. It was regulated by a number of instructional materials and covered both the rear and front areas. The existing difficulties, of an objective and subjective nature, prevented us from fulfilling what had been planned. But, despite this, it was possible to significantly improve the cultural-educational and national-political level of Galician riflemen and the population of Right-bank Ukraine, to raise the level of national consciousness, first of all, among the latter, as well as to lay the foundations for the awareness of the unity of Naddnistrianshchyna and Dnipro Ukraine.
The return from non-existence: Skydan Mykola Antonovych (1894-1954)
Authors: Zubko Olha ,   Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University
Published: July 2024

In the mid-1990s, on the initiative of Oksana Pelenska – at that time a researcher of Ukrainian emigration in the interwar Czechoslovak Republic and head of the office of the Embassy of Ukraine in the Czech Republic, and now an employee of the "Ukrainian Editorial Board of Radio Svoboda" – the project "Ukrainian addresses in Prague" was launched (still active). Thus, on the map of Prague, Poděbrady , Brno, and other Czech cities, Ukrainian addresses are gradually "discovered," such as Luzhytska Street 38, apartment 1 (the place of registration of the publisher Petr Zlenka); 6 Goremyrova Street (the main estate of the Museum of the Liberation Struggle of Ukraine). Therefore, the purpose of the study is to supplement information about "Ukrainian addresses in Prague" through the prism of the biography of Mykola Antonovych Skydan. The research methodology is based on the principles of concrete-historical approach or historicism, objectivity, comprehensiveness, integrity, systematicity, as well as the use of methods of analysis, synthesis, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological, problem-chronological. The scientific novelty lies in the publication of previously unknown information about the life and activities of the agronomist and publisher, permanent secretary of the Foreign Committee of the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries in the Czechoslovak Republic Mykola Antonovych Skydan. Conclusions. Mykola Antonovych Skydan entered the field of view of the "liberators of Prague" by accident in May-June 1945. He, like statesman Mykola Rossinevych, professor of classical languages Mykola Tymchenko, and publisher Petro Zlenko, was captured, interrogated, sent, and transported to Lukyanivska prison and later accused of anti-Soviet activities. The sentence was 10 years of correctional labor. Skydan did not live to the end of his prison term. The author of this publication is so far the only person who has inquired about the rehabilitation certificate of Mykola Antonovych Skydan.
Union of Ukrainian youth: myths and reality (based on the materials of the GDA SBU)
Authors: Mohylnyi Leonid ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze archival materials, memoirs of participants, and researchers’ works to highlight the preconditions for the formation, reality of existence, and scope of activities of an organized youth group called the Union of Ukrainian Youth (Spilka Ukrainskoi Molodi - SUM), which at the beginning of its activity was called the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine and gave its name to the famous 1930 trial in Kharkiv. The end of the national liberation struggle of 1917-1921 raised difficult questions for researchers: did the struggle end or did it move on to other forms? Analyzing the memoirs of the participants of that time, archival materials of the GDA SBU and available research by Ukrainian scholars, we can conclude that the struggle existed, but in a different form - in an evolutionary, preparatory one, during which separate groups of supporters of the idea of Ukraine’s independence were formed, independent of each other. The methodological basis of the study is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity, and comprehensiveness, which allow for a thorough analysis of archival materials and scientific articles related to the topic. The scientific novelty of the publication lies in the fact that, on the basis of published and unpublished archival materials, the preconditions, formation of the program and the formation of the SUM are studied. Conclusions. The organization was one of the numerous resistance groups to the Bolshevik regime in Ukraine. Mykola Pavlushkov, a nephew of the well-known Ukrainian socio-political figure Serhiy Yefremov, became the leader of the SUM. M. Pavlushkov’s socio-political views were formed under the influence of the patriotic environment of the school and communication with representatives of the older generation, such as S. Yefremov, V. Durdukivskyi, O. Hermaize, V. Chekhivskyi, and others. The formation of the SUM took place on the basis of separate groups of young people who were active in the Kyiv region and adjacent regions, distributing anti-Bolshevik leaflets and calling for the restoration of Ukraine’s independence.
The civilization image of the “West” in the historical works of Mikhail Maksimovych
Authors: Kutsyi Ivan ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Kutsa Larysa ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to study the reception of the image of the West by Mykhailo Maksimovich in the context of his civilizational views and ideas. The methodological basis of the article is mental mapping as a strategy of cognitive reproduction of geographical objects in the imagination of scientists. The basic component of the used methodology is imagology as a method of studying one’s own/another person’s images. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that it first clarified the attitude of this scientist to the West as an image of a civilized community; the role of this image in the civilizational self-identification of the historian is traced; an analysis of his ideas regarding the relationship between the historical images of Russia-Ukraine and the West in Maksymovich’s historical works is made. Conclusions. In Mykhailo Maksymovich’s civilizational identity the Slavic world was "his" civilizational community. The role of the main "foreign" and "enemy" civilizational community was performed by the West. The West was imagined by Maksymovich as a space populated by Germanic peoples, on which the Catholic faith prevails. The historian did not notice Romanic peoples or the Protestant faith in his historical texts. The Germanic West was interpreted by Maksymovich as an environment that has always carried out an aggressive expansion into the Slavic world with the aim of conquering and assimilating it. The scientist considered Catholicism, primarily the order of the Jesuits, to be the main characteristic of the West. For him, the ethnic representative of Western civilization was primarily the German people. Maksymovich interpreted the Germans as a people for whom the primordial, genetically determined "hostility" towards the Slavs is inherent. His historical image of Poland was also inscribed in Maksymovich’s reception of the West. This historian interpreted the Poles as the people who were the first to experience Western (German) expansion and were heavily influenced by it. As a result, the Poles were interpreted by scholars as bearers of "Western" traditions among the Slavs.
To Study the Combined Use of Pleural Fluid Lymphocyte / Neutrophil Ratio and ADA for the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleural Effusion
Authors: Dr. Pamarthi Nagarjuna  , Dr. N Madhusudan Babu  , Dr. K Sudheer
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION - Pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid in the pleural space. It is classified into exudates and transudates based on Light's criteria. Among the extra pulmonary presentations after tuberculous lymphadenitis, pleural TB is the second frequent. Although many biochemical parameters, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), adenosine deaminase (ADA), interferon-gamma, and procalcitonin levels have been studied in the context of the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion, its diagnosis is still challenging.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES- To determine whether the combined use of ADA activity and lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio would provide a more efficient means for diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion than the use of ADA alone.
MATERIAL & METHODS- Hospital based Observational study was conducted over 8 months with total number of 100 Patients diagnosed as having pleural effusion based on clinical features and chest radiography in GEMS MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. Biochemical, cytological and microbiology studies were done by obtaining pleural fluid by thoracocentesis.
RESULTS - out of 100 cases, 84 cases were tubercular and had high level of ADA in comparison to rest of 16 non tubercular cases. At level of 50 IU/L of ADA activity test had sensitivity of 97.6%, specificity 87.5% which was increased to 100% and 92.8% in combination with test of Lymphocytic/Neutrophilic ratio - 0.75
CONCLUSION- The combined use of ADA along with the L/N ratio would provide a more efficient means for diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion than the use of ADA alone.
Analisis Ketahanan Hidup Pasien COVID-19 Menggunakan Pendekatan Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS)
Authors: Khoirunnisa Wilda , Fatekurohman Mohamat , Tirta I Made
Published: July 2024

Latar   Belakang: Tahun 2019 dunia digemparkan dengan terjadinya penyebaran penyakit baru yaitu Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) yang merupakan penyakit menular disebabkan oleh jenis corona virus bernama Severe Acute Repiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Virus ini menyebabkan gangguan pada sistem pernapasan, infeksi paru-paru, pneumonia akut, bahkan kematian, sehingga dilakukan analisis ketahanan hidup pasien COVID-19.
Tujuan: Mendapatkan model dan mengetahui faktor paling mempengaruhi ketahanan hidup pasien COVID-19 di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember berdasarkan variabel prediktor yang digunakan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan MARS untuk menganalisis data. Data yang digunakan yaitu data rekam medis pasien COVID-19 tahun 2020 – 2021 di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
Hasil: Model MARS terbaik berdasarkan kombinasi Basis Function (BF), Maximum Interaction (MI), dan Minimum Observation (MO) yang bernilai masing-masing 24, 3, dan 0 dengan nilai Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) terkecil yaitu 0,135. Berdasarkan model MARS yang diperoleh, 7 dari 12 variabel prediktor yang digunakan berpengaruh pada ketahanan hidup pasien COVID-19 yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, status gagal napas, status hipertensi, status pneumonia, status koagulopati, dan status penyakit lainnya.
Kesimpulan: Variabel yang paling mempengaruhi ketahanan hidup pasien COVID-19 di RSD dr. Soebandi menggunakan pendekatan MARS berdasarkan variabel prediktor yang digunakan adalah status gagal napas.