bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treasures in tins: historical packaging in natural history collections
Authors: Harvey Linzi
Published: August 2022

Historical packaging that utilises unusual or readily available items rather than modern conservation grade materials to store specimens is commonplace in many museum collections. It can be an additional, and fascinating, source of information about specimens and can expand on the time, place and historical context in which they were collected. Whilst now recognised as unsuitable storage media, such packaging does offer data relevant to scientific research as well as the culture and history of specimen collection. Information about the packaging itself should therefore be preserved in association with the specimens. This article documents some discoveries of historical packaging at the Natural History Museum (London, UK) and makes recommendations for an approach to documenting historical packaging as an integral part of re-storage projects. It also touches upon some of the conservation issues associated with historical packaging and highlights its potential use as a novel outreach tool which can develop a greater understanding of the history of museum collections
An overlooked contributor to palaeontology—the preparator Richard Hall (b. 1839) and his work on an armoured dinosaur and a giant sea dragon
Authors: Graham Mark R. , Radley Jonathan D. , Lomax Dean R
Published: August 2022

The work of Richard Hall, a fossil preparator at the British Museum (Natural History) in the late 19th century, has been largely unrecorded. It included the excavation, preparation and restoration of two important specimens: the dinosaur Polacanthus foxii and the ichthyosaur Temnodontosaurus platyodon. The painstaking reconstruction of the dorsal shield of Polacanthus took seven years to complete and enabled a supplemental note redescribing the specimen to be published in 1887. The significance of the discovery in 1898 of the Temnodontosaurus to the town of Stockton in Warwickshire was such that it featured in an article in Nature. It has entered the local folklore and remains celebrated on the town's road signage and features as the logo of Stockton Primary School.
The history, state and reinterpretation of the palaeontological collection at Folkestone Museum
Authors: Hadland Philip
Published: August 2022

The Folkestone Museum was moved to a new home in the Folkestone Town Hall in 2017 as part of a UK Heritage Lottery Fund project. The collection includes around 1,000 geological specimens, many of which were acquired in the 19th Century. During the project, examination of the palaeontological collection in particular revealed new insights into its history. Information gathered from diverse sources, including online collections, blogs and published literature, have helped to reveal some of these previously unknown aspects. For example, the museum holds fossil material from important names in the history of palaeontology including Etheldred Benett and Gideon and Mary Mantell. They also provide tangible evidence of a rich culture of exchanging fossil material going back to the early 1800s. The work also shows the potential for using old labels, associated documents and online resources to improve understanding of the history of geological collections. This also demonstrates the importance of caring for old labels and associated documentation and the importance of specialist knowledge. The curatorial state and use of the collection are not to the highest potential and recommendations to address this are given. This paper also describes aspects of the new interpretation at the museum, including using 3D-printing to create handling exhibits.
Conservation and photogrammetry of subfossil Quaternary walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) from the Bay of Fundy, Canada
Authors: Stubbs-Lee, Dee A. , Stimson Matthew R. , MacRae R. Andrew , King Olivia A. , McAlpine Donald F.
Published: August 2022

We describe a simple, inexpensive approach to the conservation and preservation of the subfossil cranium and tusks of a Quaternary (c. 2,900-12,800 years BP) walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) dredged from salt water. Ideally, wet specimens should be kept immersed in seawater until the treatment process is initiated. Regardless, it is critical that specimens not be permitted to dry out prior to desalination. Desalination was accomplished by gradually replacing sea water with fresh tap water, followed by controlled, slow drying over more than 530 days. Spalling was restricted to the tusks and occurred mainly between days 293-300, requiring surface consolidation with a dilute polyvinylacetate solution. The specimens were sufficiently stabilized for geology collections storage following the 591-day process. The use of photogrammetry to produce a 3D digital image of the partial walrus cranium with tusks permitted us to minimize the necessity of future handling and conservation and to preserve details of overall morphology and meristics useful for both research and public exhibition.
Counting the costs (of low-oxygen storage projects)
Authors: Allington-Jones Lu
Published: August 2022

The cost in damage caused to earth science collections by pyrite oxidation is well known. But what are the costs of re-housing specimens in low-oxygen microenvironments? This article explores the financial, temporal and spatial costs of a re-storage project, in an attempt to aid collections management planning.
Keep calm and call the conservator: it is only pyrite decay and your specimen may be salvageable
Authors: Larkin Nigel R.
Published: August 2022

You may discover a specimen in your collection that is suffering from pyrite decay and it may already appear to be too late to save it. However, a pile of ash-like substance in a card tray might look like it is destined only for the bin but careful cleaning and simple stabilisation techniques may reveal a useful specimen underneath. If so, record it as fully as possible as soon as possible using either traditional techniques (photography and/or moulding and casting) or by using modern techniques such as photogrammetry, CTscanning, Micro CTscanning or laser scanning as the specimen will be prone to further deterioration in the future.
Pyrite decay - into the great unknown
Authors: Baars Christian
Published: August 2022

More than 200 years of research have brought us little closer to understanding, let alone controlling, pyrite oxidation in geological collections. This appears paradoxical, because thousands of papers have been written on the deterioration of iron sulfides by geochemists, engineers and conservators. But whilst reaction products and pathways are characterised well, the causes of deterioration of different types of iron sulfide specimens in geological collections remain elusive. To make matters even more complicated for the museum conservator, published guidelines for the management of such specimens are patchy and often contradictory. Currently available condition assessment methodologies are barely suitable for routine monitoring of large collections, results of specimen monitoring exercises are not necessarily replicable, and, in the absence of guidance on suitable storage conditions, triggers for, and suitability of, conservation actions are difficult to determine. A new approach is required to end the guess work and add some substance, based on evidence, to the collection care of geological collections in museums. This paper does not answer these questions but introduces a framework for a research agenda that would underpin a robust approach to the delivery of preventive conservation of geological collections. This includes a definition of what kind of material change in minerals constitutes damage; categorisation of damage/change; development of a protocol for routine condition assessments; the definition of an adequate storage environment; and testing rigorously the suitability of conservation treatments.
Comparing sulphamic acid to acetic and formic acids for the preparation of large mesozoic marine reptile fossils, and a method for monitoring residual acid and salt removal following acid preparation
Authors: Noè L.F. , Gómez-Pérez M. , Padilla-Bernal S.
Published: August 2022

Chemical preparation is an important technique in palaeontology that uses a dilute aqueous acid solution to remove calcareous matrix from fossils, but which leads to the evolution of salts as a by-product. Acid preparation is usually undertaken using formic and acetic acids, whereas sulphamic acid has only rarely been considered. Sulphamic acid is a strong acid, with many industrial uses, but which has fewer health and safety concerns, and produces fewer irritant fumes, than formic or acetic acids. Three comparative procedures were undertaken to understand the action of sulphamic acid in relation to formic and acetic acids, using calcareous matrix from Colombian (South American) large Mesozoic marine reptiles. The results of these procedures indicate sulphamic acid acts in a comparable manner to formic acid, and more rapidly than acetic acid, in terms of rate of matrix removal. Afourth procedure investigated the removal of acid and salt residues following sulphamic acid preparation of a Colombian large Mesozoic marine reptile fossil, a process essential for the long-term survival of any acid prepared specimen. The fossil was immersed in type 1 deionized water, and increasing electrical conductivity was used as a proxy for ionic leaching. The results imply the preparators 'rule of thumb' of soaking a specimen in water for three times the length of time spent in the acid solution, is inadequate to ensure satisfactory removal of acid and salt residues. Although tested on a specimen prepared using sulphamic acid, the technique for post-preparation ion removal is equally be applicable to all fossils prepared using sulphamic, formic or acetic acids in aqueous solution.
An R Function for Cronbach’s Alpha Analysis: A Case-Based Approach
Authors: Kotian Himani , Liz Varghese Aiswarya , Motappa Rohith
Published: August 2022

Cronbach’s alpha is a very commonly used method in biomedical research. Cronbach’s alpha Indicates the extent to which the items in your questionnaire are related to each other, a useful coefficient for assessing the internal consistency of the items. Although this method is commonly used in medical research, the statistical software packages do not have the direct menu-driven operation for Cronbach’s alpha. Hence this paper intends to provide an R function (Cronbach. Alpha) for Cronbach’s alpha analysis.
Parents’ Perception Towards Covid-19 Vaccination for Children in Surat: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mukherjee Abhishek , Chaudhari Vipul , Patel Geeta , Bodar Kavita , Gupta Avantika , Kosambiya JK
Published: August 2022

Background: Vaccine hesitancy has been recognized as a public health issue which needs to be addressed urgently. With reopening of school unvaccinated children might become major carriers of COVID-19. An assessment of the determinants of vaccine hesitancy will aid in the acceleration of vaccine administration among children. Objective: This study aims to explore parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Surat and determine factors associated with it.
Methodology: This is a cross sectional study in Surat among 250 participants selected from Rural and Urban field practice area by Systematic Random Sampling. Data collection was done by data collectors in an interview during the month of January and February, 2022. Univariate analysis was done, followed by Chi square test to establish associations. Predictors were determined by Binomial Logistic Regression.
Results: Mean age of population was 31.3 + 10.7 years. Vaccine Hesitancy was recorded in 154 (61.6%) participants. Urban address (p=0.013), Full Vaccination status of parents (<0.001) and Perceived Benefits of vaccine to the child (p=0.001) were significant predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy.
Conclusion: High proportion of Vaccine hesitancy was found in this study. Interventions can be planned on the basis of factors affecting Vaccine Hesitancy
Detection Of Treatment Adherence, Disease Control and Its Predictors in Asthma Patients by Rural Community Level Health Workers
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Prianka , Chakraborty Sumanta , Sarkar Manisha
Published: August 2022

Background: Despite the availability of effective therapy, disease control in Asthma remains suboptimal with high morbidity.

Objectives: To assess treatment adherence, asthma control and its influencing factors.

Methodology: A prospective, observational study was conducted among 152 adult asthma patients reporting consecutively to a BPHC for twelve months. Patients were followed up by trained healthcare workers to assess their treatment adherence and disease control using a predesigned, pretested and validated questionnaire.

Results: Mean age was 49.6 years (SD = +14.0), males reported more cases (73.7%), addiction to tobacco was high (48.7%). 40.8% patients had high treatment adherence. Only 37.5% patients reported good asthma control of which 68.4% showed high adherence. The mean Asthma Control Test (ACT) score was 18.75 ± 4.8 SD. Increasing age (aOR=0.96, 95% CI= 0.93-0.99), tobacco smoking (aOR=2.90, 95% CI=1.20-6.99), dust allergy (aOR= 7.92, CI =3.15-19.91) and low treatment adherence (aOR=5.33, 95% CI=2.22-12.82) were found to be significant predictors of poor disease control.

Conclusions: Non adherence to treatment and poor disease control were high among rural asthma patients. Patient education for tobacco cessation and treatment compliance along with periodic monitoring undertaken by trained health workers can be an effective strategy to reduce disease burden in the community.
Edentulism and Oral Health in Elderly in India
Authors: Veerabhadrayya Math Mahantayya , Math Suraj
Published: August 2022

Abstract is not available.
دراسة مقارنة لمنهج الحافظ الذهبي في كتبه المؤلفة في الرواة الضعفاء: (ديوان الضعفاء والمتروكين) و(المغني في الضعفاء) و(ميزان الاعتدال).
A Comparative Study of the Approach of Al-Hafiz Al-Dhahabi in his Books written on Weak Narrators: "Deewan al-Dhuafa", Al-Mughni fi al-Dhuafa", "Meezan al-ee'tidal"
Authors: bin Najam ul Haq Faraz ul Haq , Zubairi Sami Ullah
Published: August 2022

In this research I mentioned a general introduction about the importance of knowing the conditions of the narrators, then I mentioned the importance of knowing the weak narrators, and the efforts of the scholars of Hadith in this subject, and one of the most prominent and famous writers in this subject is Al-Hafiz Shams Al-Din Al-Dhahabi, he wrote three books on weak narrators, which I introduced mentioning their correct names, highlighting their importance, and their most famous features. Along with examples from these books. A comparison including the similarities and contrasts between these books is presented in seventeen elements, such as the date of their composition, their resources, and sources, what distinguishes one from the rest, and the works of scholars on them. The research is concluded by mentioning the most prominent results of the research and recommendations.
اجارہ کے جدید تصور کا قدیم فقہی تفصیلات کے تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ
An Analytical Study of the Modern Concept of Lease in the Context of Early Islamic Jurisprudential Teachings
Authors: Husain Muhammad Talha , Tayyab Zubair
Published: August 2022

Acquiring the benefits of a particular thing or the services of an individual is called leasing (Ijarah), which is permissible and practicable by Shari’ah. The jurists have mentioned its details briefly in ancient books. In the modern economy, this term and agreement are used in a modern way and for financial purposes. In this article, an analytical study of this modern type of lease is presented in the context of ancient jurisprudential teachings. In this regard, it has tried to identify the problems that can be solved according to the Shari’ah.
The main purpose of this study is to modernize the ancient teachings of jurisprudence and to present them in a practical way. Also, it aims at presenting the ancient teachings of the concept of Ijarah (Lease) in a modern way.
For the establishment of comparative Jurisprudence, it is imperative to consider all available sources and details of various jurisprudent schools of thought so that an analysis can be made in the contemporary world about the discipline of two centuries. The study concludes that the “Ijarah” has taken a different form in modern times which is used for financing purposes and Shari’ah encourages its adoption.
The effect of Mn-doping on dielectric properties of titanate nanowires
Authors: Masakul Pristanuch , Thongbai Prasit , Maensiri Santi
Published: August 2022

Mn-doped titanate nanowires (TNWs) with system of MnxTi3-xO7 (Na0.96H1.04∙3.42H2O) (where x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30) were fabricated a hydrothermal route at 130 °C for 24 h. The products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-vis spectroscopy. The nanowires were an average diameter of about 10–50 nm and an average range length of micrometer scales. The dielectric relaxation in the MnxTi3-xO7 (Na0.96H1.04∙3.42H2O) system was determined by LCR Meter in difference frequency (102–106 Hz) at various temperatures. The Mn-doped TNWs samples showed a giant dielectric exhibit with a dielectric constant of about 104 at 30 °C and 1 kHz. They all have a Debye-like relaxation based on the Maxwell-Wagner polarization. The dielectric constant of Mn-doped TNWs significantly increased with increasing doping levels.
Analisa Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Nozzle Dengan Memanfaatkan Ketinggian Aliran Air Terhadap Daya Listrik Yang Dihasilkan Turbin Pelton
Authors: Yasir La Ode , Balaka Ridway , Endriatno Nanang
Published: August 2022

The performance of a Pelton turbine is influenced by the height, flow velocity, blade angle, number of nozzles, flow size and number of blades and nozzle spray distance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the number of nozzles and nozzle angles on the power produced by the PRLton turbine. The test results show that the more nozzles used, the greater the power generated and the smaller the nozzle angle, the greater the power generated. In position I using 1 nozzle, at an angle of 25o the electrical power produced is 6.16 Watt, at an angle of 30o the electric power produced is 2.65 Watt, at an angle of 45o the electrical power generated is 0.1 Watt. While in position II using 2 nozzles, , at an angle of 25o the electrical power produced is 7.56 Watts, at an angle of 30o the electrical power generated is 3.76 Watts, at an angle of 45o the electrical power generated is 0.24 Watts.Keywords: Electric power, Nozzle, Pelton turbine
Pengaruh Jumlah dan Panjang Blade Terhadap Performa Kincir Angin
Authors: Pongbarib Esau Irsan , Mangalla Lukas Kano , Hasanudin La
Published: August 2022

Energy needs continue to increase in line with the increasing population, while fossil energy is very limited and has a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, alternative energy sources such as wind energy are very important to be developed. This study observes the effect of the number of turbine blades and blade length on the rotation and current output. The study was conducted experimentally using the 2, 3, and 4 number of blades, while the length was varied from 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm. The blades performance is compared by measuring the blade rotation and current generated from an electric dynamo connected to the blade rotation. We also carried out several variations of wind speed for each number and length of the blade. The results showed that the number of blades 3 and 4 produced almost the same electric current and rotation while the number of blades of 2 was much smaller. It can also be seen that the blade length of 15 cm gives a large rotation followed by a length of 20 cm and 10 cm.Keyword: Windmill, blade length, performance
Analisis Distorsi Berbasis Metode Elemen Hingga Pada Proses Pengelasan Kampuh U dan V
Authors: Erikman Erikman , Gunawan Yuspian , Aksar Prinob
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the study is to find out the influence of the type of welding on deformation produced by using the element method up to through ansys software. The material used in this study is AlSl 4130 steel material the process of connecting metal or distributing temperature into the connection material is carried out using ansys software with camphor used campuh U and V. The temperature given to the material is 1500°C. The results of the largest deformation research in the U camp are 0.00074711 m while in camphor V the total deformation formed from the welding temperature given is 0.00034381 m. The total difference in deformation formed in each camp is caused by the concentration of temperature that occurs in the material caused by the amount of temperature filling in the camp.keywords: Deformation, welding camp, temperature distribution
PERFIL CLÍNICO E EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS A AMPUTAÇÕES ATENDIDOS PELA FISIOTERAPIA
Authors:   IPEDSS – INSTITUTO DE PESQUISA E DETERMINACAO SOCIAL DA SAUDE LTDA, Souza Helen , Monteiro Vinicius , Troncoso Eliane , Nascimento Natascha , Silva Mariane , Machado Maurício
Published: August 2022

Os processos de amputações acometem em grande porcentagem indivíduos que apresentam comorbidades como Diabetes e Hipertensão que fazem parte das Doenças arteriais obstrutivas periféricas, onde através de alterações vasculares delimitam a sensibilidade dos membros, causando úlceras que podem evoluir para a amputação após processo de necrose. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos pacientes submetidos a amputações em uma enfermaria no Hospital de Base. Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional, exploratória e quantitativa a partir da coleta de dados de prontuários de pacientes atendidos pelo serviço de Fisioterapia. É possível concluir que a Hipertensão e a Diabetes afetam diretamente estes pacientes, visto que as duas mantêm uma porcentagem de 71,3% dos 26 prontuários analisados.
Microleakage of two different posterior composites and a high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement: An in vitro study
Authors: Çelenk Sema , Ataş Osman , Ayna Buket , Günay Ayşe
Published: August 2022

Aim: Using AutoCAD, we examined the microleakage of permanent molars in Class I restorations using a conventional posterior composite resin, a bulk-fill composite resin, and a high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (HVGIC).
Methodology: In total, 33 extracted noncarious third molars were used. Class I cavities were prepared. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 11 teeth each, as follows: Group A (Filtek Z550), Group B (Filtek Bulk-Fill Posterior Restorative), and Group C (EQUIA Fil). All specimens were stored for 24 h at 37 °C in distilled water. The teeth were thermocycled 1,000 times between 5 ± 2°C and 55 ± 2°C prior to immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 h. Two mesiodistal cuts of each tooth were photographed under a stereomicroscope equipped with a digital camera. The dye-infiltrated surface area was measured.
Results: Statistical evaluations were performed by one-way analysis of variance [ANOVA]. One-way ANOVA showed no significant difference between the three groups in microleakage (P = 0.07). However, the lowest microleakage ratio was seen in Group C (EQUIA Fil).  Similar results were obtained with all tested materials, but the lowest microleakage rate was obtained with EQUIA Fil (Group C).
Conclusion: In this study, the tested materials were not completely successful in eliminating microleakage, although the lowest microleakage rate was obtained with EQUIA Fil.
 
How to cite this article:
Çelenk S, Ataş O, Ayna B, Günay A. Microleakage of two different posterior composites and a high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement: An in vitro study. Int Dent Res 2022;12(1):34-8. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2022.vol12.no1.6
 
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
ANALISIS SISTEM PERADILAN INDEPENDEN DALAM MEMBERANTAS KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: David Saputra
Published: August 2022

The independent judicial system is a form of elaboration of the Indonesian state of law, and is also one of the efforts besides that it also has the potential to cause greater corruption. Where corruption has been civilized and become one of the diseases of society or public officials including the judge himself. The rise of corruption in Indonesia will make foreign investors flee who invest their capital in Indonesia, because investors feel uncomfortable investing in a country full of corruption. Corruption for investors is a factor that can cause harm to them so they choose to withdraw their investments in a country that is corrupt. The basic principles of the Code of Ethics and the Code of Conduct of Judges are implemented in the following ten rules of conduct: (1) Behaving Fairly, (2) Behaving Honestly, (3) Behaving Wisely and Wisely, (4) Being Independent, (5) High Integrity, (6) Responsible, (7) Upholding Self-Esteem, (8) High Discipline, (9) Behaving Humbly, (10) Being Professional.
A Comparative Study on the Usage of Communicative Functions Used in Domestic and Abroad Elementary School Textbooks of English
Authors:   Convergence English Language & Literature Association, Noh Won-jun , Shin Dong-kwang , Lee Yong-sang
Published: August 2022

This study examined the usage of communicative functions stipulated in the 2015 revised national curriculum of English in domestic and abroad elementary English textbooks. To this end, communication functions used in the domestic 5th and 6th-grade elementary school English textbooks were compared. Next, one domestic 6th grade textbook and one 6th grade textbook in the United States, China, and Singapore each were selected and analyzed to compare the usage of communication functions used in the four textbooks. The results show that in the comparison of the 5th and 6th-grade textbooks, more diverse categories of communicative functions were used as the grades went up, and even within the same communicative function category, the 6th-grade textbook contained more diverse communicative functions. Additionally, in the comparison of the domestic and abroad textbooks, it turned out that in Korea’s textbook, the proportion of ‘persuading, and advising,’ ‘socializing,’ and ‘constructing discourse’ was relatively high, and that of ‘expressing knowledge, memory, and belief,’ ‘expressing one’s will,’ and ‘expressing emotions' was relatively low. In addition, Korea’s textbook showed the lowest TTR value in terms of the communication function subcategory, which suggested that it is necessary to use more diverse expressions included in the communication function when developing English textbooks. In conclusion, some implications were also presented.
The British Superiority of the 18th Century British Man Towards Different Ethnic Groups Revealed in Robinson Crusoe
Authors:   Convergence English Language & Literature Association, Kim Tae-jin , Oliga Terence Christian , Park Shin-jae
Published: August 2022

The primary purpose of this study is to see the white British man's ethnic superiority in the eighteenth century revealed in Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe. Through the attitude of Robinson Crusoe towards the people of color such as Xury or Friday, we can see how proud the British were of their ethnic and racial superiority. The protagonist takes it for granted to enslave the Moore and the black-skinned boy, establishing master-slave relationships. From his perspective, the British were the masters of others, a chosen people by God, and citizens with great intelligence and scientific knowledge, but other ethnic people were inferior races close to primitiveness. However, Crusoe's attitude toward the Spanish is quite different from the attitude he showed towards Xury and Friday. While he placed himself in the position of the master with Xury and Friday, he treats the white Spanish man as if he were one of his colleagues. This proves that the sense of superiority of the protagonist's 'others' is not based on the nation or the country, but on race. The protagonist, who unexpectedly settled on the uninhabited island, is depicted as a heroic figure, not only surviving all kinds of difficulties but also saving the lives of some people. He also restores the Christian faith through the time of loneliness. Nevertheless, his words and attitudes presented throughout the novel cannot overcome the distorted and wrong self-identity, in other words, 'white supremacy', or 'the British supremacy', which was prevalent in the 18th century.
Digital Agricultural Knowledge Platform (IDEAL) using KOHA for National Agricultural Research and Education System
Authors: GUPTA MANSI , KUMAR AMRENDER , SHARMA SHELLY , RANA KAJOL , VERMA NIDHI , PANDEY P S , RATHORE N S
Published: August 2022

Digital libraries are equipped to provide access to multiple contents with potentially infinite number of resources to users. The libraries of the Indian National Agricultural Research and Education System (NARES) mainly the ICAR institutions and Agricultural Universities have a collection of huge literature of immense value available in various print and digital forms. These resources if made available at a single platform will go a long way in facilitating its sharing and minimizing the duplication efforts by the partner libraries. Realizing its importance, a requirement of a national level union catalog was felt to ensure single point access for the valuable information on the vast resources of NARES libraries. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) brought solution to a lot of challenging issues to all facets of the university system and the library is not an exemption. The Indian Digital Ensemble of Agricultural Libraries (IDEAL) is a customized platform for Agricultural Libraries of Indian National Agricultural Research and Education System (NARES) by adopting the KOHA-an open source integrated library management software for their routine operations in all libraries. KOHA is a software platform built on â€˜Software as a Serviceâ€™ (SaaS) concept to provide hassle free, ready to use based platform for sharing library holdings through a union catalogue as per the international standards. In this catalogue, the information can be shared at a single platform for all the users for example, students, researchers and faculties, extension workers and others. The system also provides search facilities through various parameters example, title, author, subject, number etc. The libraries of the State Agriculture Universities and its constituent colleges (SAUs) and ICAR institutes have been connected at a central server for its routine activities through IDEAL Platform. An online public access catalog (OPAC) of each library has been created, which provides easy and enhanced experience of accessing the library resources 24 Ã— 7 to the users. This has greatly facilitated sharing and access of library resources among the NARES partners.
Use and effectiveness of neem coated urea: A pan-India exploration
Authors: SINGH A K , KESHAVA KESHAVA , BURMAN R ROY , PAUL SUDIPTA , SOM SUKANYA , KUMAR ANJANI , DEKA B C , TRIPATHI A K , PRASAD Y G , SINGH ATAR , SINGH RAJBIR , SINGH LAKHAN , SINGH S S , SINGH S K , GOWDA M J CHANDRE , MISHRA ANUPAM , CHAHAL V P
Published: August 2022

It has become mandatory for all the domestic producers of urea to produce Neem Coated Urea (NCU) since 2015 to reduce overall input cost in farming and to ensure environmental sustainability through enhanced nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The present study was carried out during 2017â€“19 with the aim to find out the awareness level of farmers about NCU and its impact on crop productivity. A total of 12,604 farmers across the country were interviewed by 458 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs). The results of the study showed that 76% farmers were aware about NCU and its effectiveness in increasing crop yield. Farmers of Delhi NCR, Haryana and Rajasthan were found to have the highest awareness while those of Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, and Jammu & Kashmir had the lowest level of awareness. Overall, 79% farmers were satisfied with its use. Use of N fertilizers decreased significantly in 2018 compared to 2017 in both the seasons (kharif and rabi), however, the existing rate of application was still significantly higher than recommended doses. The average yield enhancement due to use of NCU was 8.25%. The highest yield increase due to use of NCU was observed in Goa, Madhya Pradesh, and Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Results of the study implied that more emphasis is needed for dissemination of information about NCU through awareness, training and capacity building programmes for farmers and grassroots level extension functionaries.
Influence of tillage and fertilizer management practices on productivity and resource use efficiency of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in Thar Desert of Rajasthan
Authors: POONIA TANUJA , KUMAWAT S M , BHUNIA S R , JOHRI S K
Published: August 2022

Conventional tillage practices in Thar Desert of Rajasthan are posing a serious threat of natural resource degradation due to soil erosion induced by high temperature and winds. A 2-year study was conducted to explore the efficient tillage and nutrient management practices evaluate the effects of these practices on groundnut crop performance and resource use efficiency. It consisted 18 treatment combinations; 3 tillage practices, viz. T1 - minimum tillage, T2 - deep tillage, and T3 - conventional tillage main plots; and six fertilizer management practices, viz. F0 - no fertilization, F1 -recommended dose of NK fertilizer, F2 - recommended dose of NPK fertilizer (RDF), F3 - RDF + PSB @2.5 kg/ha, F4 - F3+ AMF @2 kg/ha, and F5 - F3+ AMF @4 kg/ha as sub plots. The highest LAI, crop growth rate and relative growth rate was recorded with deep tillage (T2) and F5 treatment combination. Deep tillage (T2) produced significant at par yields (pod and haulm) with conventional tillage (2981 and 4878 kg/ha). Higher water use efficiency of 4.72% and 13.25% were recorded with T3 compared to T2 and T1, respectively. Fertilizer management practices F5 and F4 recorded significantly at par and higher yields (pod, kernel, haulm and biological) compared to other combinations. The F5 treatment notable increased 16.7% and 90.2% water and nutrient use efficiency over RDF (6.69 kg/ha mm and 14.95 kg/kg), respectively. In Thar Desert, deep tillage along with chemical fertilizers and bio-inoculants found best management practices in terms of productivity and resource use efficiency.
E-Governance of skill training programme under Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan
Authors: ARORA ALKA , PAL SOUMEN , NAHA SANCHITA , MARWAHA SUDEEP , BURMAN R R , KUMAR SOURABH , ADHIGURU P , POSWAL R S , SINGH A K
Published: August 2022

Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan (GKRA) initiative was announced by the government of India in June 2020 for a period of 125 days to create livelihood opportunities for the returned migrants in their states and to sustain rural development. GKRA was convergent effort between 12 different ministries/departments covering 25 activities over 116 districts of 6 states. As different stakeholders were involved, therefore for effective monitoring and data exchange an IT platform was created at central level (https://gkra.nic.in) where all departments exchanged data for consecutive 15 weeks. Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) organized skill development training programmes for livelihood through Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK). E-Governance of these training programmes and exchange of data to central GKRA portal was managed through a module developed during July-October 2020 under KVK Knowledge Network Portal (https://kvk.icar.gov.in) at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute and hosted at ICAR Data Centre, ICAR-IASRI, New Delhi. The emphasis of the training programmes was on the areas of integrated farming to support livelihood. Overall, the participants were satisfied with the quality of training programmes conducted by KVKs. KVKs also supported participants in handholding of technology and setting up their own venture. IT platforms provided efficient storing and retrieval of data, framework for exchange of information and enhanced visibility in the initiative.
Effect of weed management practices on nutrient uptake and productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: KUMAR BRAJESH , HASANAIN MOHAMMAD , RAZA M D BASIT , YADAV R B , SINGH RAJIV KUMAR , MISHRA RISHABH , AHMAD GUFRAN , SINGH DIGVIJAY
Published: August 2022

The study was undertaken to devise an efficient herbicide treatment combination for efficient weed control and higher yield and nutrient uptake. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of different herbicides for weed control and increasing yield as well as nutrient uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, during rabi season in 2016â€“17. The commonly used herbicides for restricting weed growth in wheat crop were taken in various combinations and appropriate doses. The study comprised 12 treatments (3 replications), of which 10 treatments were of various herbicidal combinations while the rest 2 were weed free and weedy checks. The weed control measure that involved Sulfosulfuron +Metsulfuron-methyl @20+2 g a.i/ha was found to be an efficient weed control measure that satisfactorily enhanced nutrient uptake and gave highest yield among various treatment combinations. The total biological yield of wheat in this treatment was around 1.4 times higher than that of weedy check. Therefore, the post emergence application of sulfosulfuron and metsulfuronmethyl @20+2 g a.i/ha can be an effective measure for weed control giving a higher productivity and nutrient uptake in wheat crop. The results were even comparable to that of weed free plots. The treatment showed an increase of 88.25%, 63.37%, 74.73%, and 43.36% increase in total N, P, K uptake and biological yield, respectively, and therefore may be recommended.
Weed management strategies in Soybean (Glycine max) — A review
Authors: KUMAR SACHIN , RANA S S
Published: August 2022

Soybean (Glycine max L.) being a rainy season crop, faces severe infestation of kharif weeds. Since the crop suppresses weeds due to its dense canopy at later stages of growth, the control of weeds has received very little attention. Weeds offer severe competition to crops during the early stage of growth. The critical crop weed competition period in soybean varies from 15–45 days after sowing (DAS) depending upon location and prevailing environmental conditions. Weeds cause a 26–84% reduction in the yield depending upon the types and intensity of weeds, besides impairing the quality of the produce. Different methods of weed management in field crops include preventive, cultural, mechanical, chemical, biological, and biotechnological means. Weed control through a physical approachachieved by hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS (twice) is ineffective due to the continuous rainfall and high labour wages. The use of herbicides for the control of weeds has gathered momentum in recent years. Weed control through the integration of herbicides with cultural weeding is a paying proposition. Double knock application of one preemergence herbicide followed by application of post-emergence herbicides, solves the problem of labour scarcity encountered by the farmers. However, the timely application of different weed management tactics has a crucial role in achieving the desired target. Killing one or two flushes before seeding a crop and immediate cultivation of field after harvest to destroy survivors has an added advantage. An effort has been made in this article to review the work done on weed management in soybean
Integrated use of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients in french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Authors: RAJIV  , TOMAR SAURABH
Published: August 2022

The present experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) season of 2017–18 and 2018–19 to study the effect of integrated use of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatments of inorganic fertilizers (NPK 80:80:40 kg/ha) along with organic source combinations (25, 50 and 75% N through FYM and vermicompost) tested against the control (no fertilizer). Based on 2 years’ pooled data, application of 75% NPK through inorganic source + 25% N through vermicompost produced highest number of pods/plant (25.98), pod length (14.38 cm), pod width (1.29 cm), average single pod weight (4.33 g), green pod weight/plant (41.67 g) and green pod yield (7.71 t/ha) and earned maximum net return of `1,12,212.0/ha. The treatment with 100% NPK through inorganic source @80:80:40 kg/ha produced green pod yield of 6.17 t/ha with net return `83,225.0/ha. The B:C ratio (3.67) was also higher under the treatment with 75% NPK through inorganic source + 25% N through vermicompost. Inorganic fertilizers (75% NPK) and vermicompost (25% N) proved to be the best treatment for enhancing yield and economics of french bean under central plain zone of Uttar Pradesh. Therefore, the practice of 75% NPK through inorganic integration with 25% N through vermicompost may serve as alternative of NPK inorganic fertilizers and may also be recommended to exploit the better eco-friendly economic green pod yield of french bean.
Molecular profiling of multi-coloured flesh potato (Solanum tuberosum) hybrids and interspecific somatic hybrids using SSR markers
Authors: KUMAR TIWARI JAGESH , K LUHRA SATISH , DALAMU  , ZINTA RASNA , BUCKSETH TANUJA , K SINGH RAJESH , KUMAR MANOJ
Published: August 2022

The objective of this study was to develop SSR profiles of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) hybrids for genetic fidelity purpose. The multi-coloured flesh potato hybrids and interspecific somatic hybrids-derived progenies were for the study conducted at ICAR-CPRI, Shimla during 2019–20. A total of 165 potato genotypes were analysed using two well-known potato SSR markers (STU6SNRN and STIIKA). High polymorphism was observed in STIIKA (PIC: 0.93) than STU6SNRN (PIC: 0.82), and higher number of alleles were observed in STIIKA (23) than STU6SNRN (7). In STU6SNRN, alleles size 174, 179, 182, 190 and 200 bp were predominant whereas in STIIKA, alleles size 191, 195, 198, 201, 221, 223, 231, 242, 245 and 256 were observed frequently in more than 50% of the genotypes.Diversity analysis showed a clear distinction among the genotypes based on the Jaccard dissimilarity coefficient by the Neighbour-joining tree method using the DARwin software. SSR fingerprints would be valuable resources to strengthen genetic fidelity of these hybrids and identification of true-to-type clones.
Economic analysis of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) under protected cultivation in Maharashtra
Authors: P PRAKASH , KUMAR PRAMOD , KAR AMIT , KUMAR SINGH AWANI , PANBUKKANI
Published: August 2022

Protected cultivation of high-value crops offers higher productivity which in turn increases the profitability of the farm. There are a number of schemes and programs for the promotion and development of protected cultivation in India. Maharashtra is one of the states which have successfully adopted protected cultivation. Thus, the present study estimated the profitability of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cultivation, its feasibility with and without government subsidy support and assessed price spread in marketing in Pune and Nasik districts of Maharashtra during 2018–19. Establishment cost of carnation under polyhouse was very high (`12.99 lakh for 0.1 ha) but offered higher net income (`2.22 lakh/year for 0.1 ha). Feasibility analysis in both cases: with and without subsidy for carnation cultivation is observed to be sustainable and viable. But with subsidy support, it is highly remunerative and profitableto farmers. Farmers have followed two types of marketing channels which consisted of aggregators but if we compare producer share in consumer rupee it is higher for channel I (64%) than channel II (60%). The result indicates that with subsidy support, the payback period of their investment in protected cultivation was reduced and return increased which could support higher adoption of protected cultivation among other farmers.
An Attempt to Understand the Biology of Gender and Gender Dysphoria: A Christian Approach
Authors: Jelsma Tony
Published: August 2022

The recent rise in the number of transgender individuals has perplexed many. A study of possible biological origins of gender dysphoria presents a complex picture. In some cases, prenatal hormonal imbalance may cause early-onset and persistent gender dysphoria. In contrast, late-onset cases are associated with a high incidence of comorbidities such as trauma, depression, and autism. In such cases, social isolation and an impaired body image may make individuals susceptible to social media suggestions of gender dysphoria. Moreover, affirmative counseling without addressing underlying comorbidities can strengthen this misperception, further moving these individuals along a trajectory toward transition. Care must be taken when considering early transition, given the fact that childhood gender dysphoria frequently desists. One must balance sparing a child from the distressing sexual changes of puberty with beginning transition in someone who might otherwise have desisted. Recent studies of perception suggest that it is a top-down predictive, "best guess" process. Although these "guesses" are continuously modified by sensory experience, they can persist; they might also apply to some cases of gender dysphoria. While some people have managed to detransition back to their natal gender, we should not assume that this is possible with everyone. As Christians, we need to examine each case individually, removing the stigma and supporting them through this distressing condition.
Konsep Rumah Sehat Untuk Meminimalisir Penyebaran Covid-19
Authors: Mindiastiwi Tigo , Purwantini Purwantini  , Amrita Winaya Shita Dewi
Published: August 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 yang memasuki tahun ke-2 sejak maret 2020 masih menjadi perhatian dan kekhawatiran di tengah masyarakat Indonesia. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh Pemerintah diantaranya yaitu kampanye memakai masker, cuci tangan dengan sabun, menjaga jarak, melakukan penyemprotan disenfektan serta kebijakan PPKM (Perlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat) yang telah dijalankan mulai Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2021 agar penyebaran Covid-19 bisa dikendalikan. Banyaknya masyarakat yang terinfeksi Covid-19 sampai saat ini mendorong tim pengabdian FT UNTAG Semarang untuk ikut serta dalam solidaritas sosial dengan melakukan pengabdian. Pengabdian masyarakat mengambil tema sosialisasi konsep rumah sehat untuk meminimalisir penyebaran Covid-19. Tema ini diambil untuk mengurangi tempat yang menimbulkan klaster Covid-19 yang paling tinggi yaitu klaster keluarga. Dengan tempat tinggal yang sehat dan bersih maka dapat menekan laju peningkatan penyebaran Covid-19 di lingkungan keluarga. Melalui kegiatan sosialisasi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan dan arahan kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya konsep rumah dan lingkungan yang sehat agar terhidar dari berbagai macam penyakit terutama Covid-19.