bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Temperature Distribution on Products Quality in 3KA Rare Earth Electrolytic Cell
Authors: Zhang Xiao Lian , Liu Hong Xia , Zheng Xin , Zhe Wei Hua , Jin Liang , Jue Zhang
Published: September 2013

An investigation was carried out into temperature distribution in 3KA rare earth electrolytic cell and changes of products quality in neodymium electrolysis from a factory in China, The results show that the different temperature distributions have direct effects on the neodymium products quality. In same production cycle, the cell voltage of electrolytic cell is stable and curre rocessing before discharging bascially stays the same; In different cycles, temperature distribution not always alike, mainly reflected in lateral distribution of temperature in electrolytic cell, one form is temperature gradually increased from cathode to anode, and the anode temperature is highest; another is temperature declined then elevated again, anode temperature is slightly higher than the temperature of cathode. The second distribution is benefit for improve the quality of products.
Hybrid Supercapacitors Based on Polyaniline/Activated Carbon Fiber Composite Electrode Materials
Authors: Jin Zheng , Tian Yuan , Su Lin Jie , Qin Chuan Li , Zhao Dong Yu , Li Rui Qi , Zhao Jing
Published: September 2013

This essay describes the findings of generating the electrode composite of polyaniline/activated carbon fiber ( PANI/ACF) by repeatedly immersing eigenstate PANI into the solution of NMP and CHCl3 added with VC. A samples surface profile and structure were represented using SEM and FT-IR. Thereafter the composite was assembled into a super capacitor, electrochemical performances of which were then tested through cyclic voltammetry (CV). The result showed that the specific capacitance of this composite is up to 531.75F/g in the solution of 6 mol·L-1 KOH.
Study on the Treatment of Oil Shale Retort Wastewater by High Performance Compact Reactor
Authors: Wang Hong , Li Hai Bo , Du Li Na
Published: September 2013

The High Performance Compact Reactor (HCR) was applied in the pilot plant, and the influence of jet volume, residence time and pollution loads on the pollutant removal efficiency was investigated. The results show that HCR system start operating faster processing Shale Oil Wastewater, 3.1m3 / h of jet volume was the best and the optimal residence time of 40min. At the same time, HCR process has stronger anti-shock loading capability and anti-pollution loading capability.
Preparation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium/PEI Nanofiltration Membrane
Authors: Han Run Lin , Wang Yong Qing , Zhang Xiao Zhen , Zhou Jian Er
Published: September 2013

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) sodium with negatively charged character was used as functional layer of polyetherimide (PEI) ultrafiltration membrane. The preparation parameter such as CMC concentration, cross-linking agent concentration and curing temperature are studied in detail. When the composite membrane was prepared under optimized conditions and tested at 0.4 MPa and 20 °C, the flux of the composite NF membrane was about 3 L/m2h and the MgCl2 rejection of it was about 87%. The composite membrane showed classical negatively charged membrane character which had higher rejection to high valent anion.
Surface Modification of PS Super-Filtration Membranes with Low Temperature Plasma
Authors: Li Ru , Liu Fen Fen , Deng Ji Fei
Published: September 2013

The polysulfone membranes surface modification by the low temperature air plasma for the study. The PS membranes surface composition, filtration, antifouling characteristics with the modification was characterized by water contact angle, water fluxes, interception rate. Polysulfone membranes hydrophilic has been greatly improved, by water contact angle decreased significantly with low temperature air plasma treatment .Optimal conditions for plasma processing are power 60W, 1.5min, vacuum 60Pa.The water fluxes for the modified PS were increased 2.3 times than the nascent one, the interception rate was little changed. Membrane pollution gradually increased as the wastewater permeation flux decreased with time.
Effectiveness of Hard Turning
Authors: Adamik Michal , Drlička Róbert , Matúš Milan , Žitňanský Ján
Published: September 2013

Hard turning is a turning operation performed on hard materials (hardness more than 45 HRC) in order to reach surface roughness close to that obtained in grinding. The development of this technology was accompanied by the development of new cutting materials such as cutting ceramics, cubic boron nitride and polycrystalline diamond. Especially cubic boron nitride has found its use in hard part turning operations because of its characteristics. However, new cutting materials result in new questions, which researchers are trying to solve. The major consideration for a user of this relatively new technology is the quality of parts produced and how the new cutting material will behave during machining. This paper aims to document and describe the process of wear on the cutting edge of a tool made from cubic boron nitride of a different grade and with a different geometry of the cutting edge, and its influence on surface roughness and quality. Wear was documented by a digital microscope with measurement option. Surface roughness was measured by a roughness meter. A notable observation from this research is that the flank wear of the cutting tool has a large impact on the quality of machined parts (especially surface finish and surface integrity) [1].
Analysis of Physical Effects in Cutting Machining
Authors: Žitňanský Ján , Žarnovský Jozef , Ružbarský Juraj
Published: September 2013

This contribution focuses on hole drilling into grey cast iron and steel 11 523. The most used method of hole machining is the one using a screw drill HSS to reach the accuracy class from IT 11 up to IT 14. Surface roughness ranging between Ra 3.2 μm and Ra 6.3 μm depends on the parameters of the drill used and drilled material. An emphasis is put on the accuracy of shape and dimension as well as on meeting the tolerance limits of holes [1,2,3,4,5]. In most cases, it is possible to reach those conditions using the common methods of hole drilling. Finishing such as roughing, reaming and countersinking is used for meeting high-quality requirements [6,7,8,9].
First-Principles Investigation on Elastic Constants of TiN under High Pressure
Authors: Prasert Kittiya , Thanomngam Pitiporn , Sarasamak Kanoknan
Published: September 2013

Elastic constants of NaCl-type TiN under pressure were investigated by first-principles calculations within both local density approximation (LDA) and Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof generalized-gradient approximation (PBE-GGA). At ambient pressure, the calculated lattice parameter, bulk modulus, and elastic constants of NaCl-type TiN are in well agreement with other available values. Under pressure, all elastic constants,C11,C12, andC44, are found to increase with pressure.C11, which is related to the longitudinal distortion, increases rapidly with pressure whileC12andC44which are related to the transverse and shear distortion, respectively, are much less sensitive to pressure.
Effect of N Incorporation on Growth Behavior of InGaAsN/GaAs/Ge Multi-Layered Structure by MOVPE
Authors: Wanarattikan Pornsiri , Sanorpim Sakuntam , Denchitcharoen Somyod , Uesugi Kenjiro , Kikuchi Takehiko , Kuboya Shigeyuki , Onabe Kentaro
Published: September 2013

We have investigated an effect of N incorporation on InGaAsN on Ge (001), which is proposed to be a part of the InGaP(N)/InGaAs/InGaAsN/Ge four-junction solar cell, and on its growth behavior. Results obtained from high resolution X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering demonstrated that high quality In0.11Ga0.89As1-yNy films with N (y) contents up to 5% were successfully grown on n-type doped Ge (001) substrate by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy using low-temperature (500°C) GaAs buffer layer. As expectation, the In0.11Ga0.89As0.96N0.04 film is examined to be under lattice-matching condition. Anti-phase domains were observed for the film without N incorporation, which exhibits submicron-size domains oriented along the [110] direction on the grown surface. With increasing N content, the domains become less orientation, and present in a larger domain size. Based on results of transmission electron microscopy, a high density of anti-phase domains was clearly observed at the interface of low-temperature GaAs buffer layer and Ge substrate. On the other hand, it is found to drastically reduce within the N-contained InGaAsN region. Furthermore, the lattice-matched In0.11Ga0.89As0.96N0.04 film is well developed to reduce the density of anti-phase domains.
Studies Thermophysical Properties of MgO by First Principle Simulation
Authors: Wattanasarn Hassakorn , Seetawan Tosawat
Published: September 2013

The thermal properties of MgO were simulated by molecular dynamics (MD) method. In this present, we have investigated thermophysical properties of MgO at the temperature range from 300 to 2000 K. The MD could be indicated lattice parameter, bulk modulus, linear thermal expansion coefficient (αlin), heat capacity at constant volume, heat capacity at constant pressure, pair correlation of ions and thermal conductivity by partial ionic model (PIM). The Busing-Ida with potential parameters was employed for interatomic potential function. The results showed the lattice parameters, the αlin and the heat capacities of MgO increases with increasing temperature,whereas the bulk modulus and the thermal conductivity decreases with increasing temperature are agreement with literature data.
Effect of Compounding Methods on Mechanical Properties of Poly(lactic acid)/Starch/Natural Rubber Blends
Authors: Chouaytan Jadsadaporn , Tanrattanakul Varaporn
Published: September 2013

This study showed the effect of different compounding methods on the impact resistance and tensile properties of poly(lactic acid) blended with cassava starch and natural rubber latex. Poly(ethylene glycol) was used as a plasticizer. It was found that the compounding method was important for the derived mechanical properties of the blend. Furthermore, cooling method of the extrudate also affected the mechanical properties of the blends. The air cooling in the extrusion process provided higher mechanical properties than the water cooling. This work also showed the effect of the natural rubber in the PLA/starch blend.
Effect of the Fuel Type on the Synthesis of Barium Strontium Titanate by Sol-Gel Combustion Method
Authors: Thongchanthep Chanyaphak , Thountom Sarawut
Published: September 2013

The ferroelectric ceramic, Barium Strontium Tinanate (Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3), was prepared by the sol-gel combustion method using citric acid, urea, and glycine as the fuel for reduce the calcination temperature. The molar ratio of sol powderto fuel was 1:1. All of the samples were calcined at 450, 550, 650, 750, 850 and 950°C for 2 h. Then,Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3powders were applied with acid treatment process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis were used to characterize the crystal structure and microstructure. The perovskite phases of BST and the pyrochlore (BaCO3,SrCO3) were obtained after the calcinations temperature of 550°C. BST powders were applied with acid treatment process.The XRD result showed the pure perovskite phase without the phase of pyrochlore in all of the samples. Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3was in cubic structure, corresponding to JCPDS 34-0411. SEM analysis of BST powders calcined at 750°C.The particles were spherical morphology and had agglomerates while the particles sizes were larger corresponding with the increase of calcinations temperature.The results for TEM analysis of the BST powders prepared by using urea as the fuel had a smaller particles,and the average of particle size was about 47 nm.
Characterization P-Ca3Co4O9 and N-CaMnO3
Authors: Paengson Supasit , Seetawan Tosawat , Muthitamongkol Pennapa , Thanachayanont Chanchana
Published: September 2013

We present characterization and thermoelectric properties of oxide thermoelectric materials of P-Ca3Co4O9 and N-CaMnO3 synthesized by solid state reaction method and sintering in air. The crystalline structure was measured by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The powder size and gran size of P-Ca3Co4O9 and N-CaMnO3 were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient are measured. It was found that, the P-Ca3Co4O9shows the point symmetry groups in three dimensions require of monoclinic system and N-CaMnO3 shows cubic system corresponding with TEM results. The powder size and grain size were obtained mean values of 1-3 µm. The electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient were obtained for P-Ca3Co4O9and for N-CaMnO3 at 360 K.
Electroless Copper Deposition on PET Sheets
Authors: Phasuksom Katesara , Prissanaroon-Ouajai Walaiporn , Brack Narelle , Pigram Paul
Published: September 2013

This paper describes metallization of PET surface by Sn-free electroless deposition (ELD) of thin copper layer. Prior to introduction to ELD process, the PET surface was plasma-pretreated in argon atmosphere. ELD is a multi-step process involving silanization with TMS, activation with PdCl2 and copper deposition. Contact angle measurement and XPS analysis were carried out at each stage in order to confirm the chemical change of the PET surface after modification. XPS analysis revealed that the copper surface consisted mainly of Cu2O, combined with Cu0, making Cu-coated PET sheet suitable for the use as substrate for electropolymerization of pyrrole. This study offers an alternative to preparing flexible sensors. This process could be further applied to micro-contact printing technique to fabricate flexible patterned electrodes.
A Comparative Investigation of a Pentacene Layer on Gold and PMMA in Bottom-Contact Pentacene Thin Film Transistors
Authors: Tippo Tossapol , Thanachayanont Chanchana , Nakajima Hideki , Songsiriritthigul Prayoon , Hietschold Micheal , Thanachayanont Apinunt
Published: September 2013

This study demonstrates an attempt to fabricate the 25 µm channel-length bottom-contact pentacene TFTs using thermal evaporation through shadow mask technique and to investigate crystal structure, morphology and electronic structure of the pentacene layer deposited at the same time on gold (Au) source-drain electrodes and Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) gate-dielectric of the TFTs. The pentacene layers with thicknesses of 50 nm were deposited at the evaporation rates of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 nm/min at substrate temperatures of 60 °C. These conditions were employed with and without preheating at 80 °C before deposition. Preheating at 80 °C was found to improve quality of the pentacene film on the PMMA gate-dielectric. Using the deposition rate of 1 nm/min and the substrate temperature of 60 °C, best performance of TFTs were obtained. At this deposition condition, pentacene film work function was found to be higher on the Au source-drain electrodes than on the PMMA gate-dielectric.
Processing and Characterizations of Bi2O3/BaTiO3 Ceramic
Authors: Vittayakorn Wanwilai C. , Banjong Dondanai , Vittayakorn Naratip
Published: September 2013

The objective of this work is to provide the process for making BaTiO3-based ceramics by adding bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) into the system. The attention is also focused on synthesis conditions, where sintering temperature exhibits a pronounced effect on phase formation, density, microstructure and dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics doped with different contents of Bi2O3 nanoparticles. The phases of BaTiO3-based ceramics have been prepared by solid state reaction using different Bi2O3 amount and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Archimedes’s method, scanning electron microscopy and dielectric spectroscopy. The results show that single phase of BaTiO3 with no evidence of secondary phase forms in all samples. Abnormal grain growth was found in pure BaTiO3 ceramic with 37.30 µm of average grain size. After added Bi2O3 nanoparticles into system, the grain size significantly decreases and the sintering temperature of BaTiO3-based ceramics efficiently reduces without degrading the dielectric characteristics.
Increasing Plant Flavonoid Biomaterials in Response to UV-A Light
Authors: Kanthang Supha , Sompornpailin Kanokporn
Published: September 2013

Flavonoid biomaterials have a protecting function from various stresses. We examined the flavonoid biosynthesis in plant treated under visible light (VL) and additional UV-A light. The transgenic tobacco containing PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT 1 (PAP1) cDNA, involved in flavonoid biosynthesis from Arabidopsis thaliana, were used for studying the flavonoid biosynthesis under both light conditions comparing to non transgenic tobacco. The flavonoid biomaterials were extracted with acidic methanol and water solvent from treated plant leaves. The absorbance of each biomaterial in the extract was measured under specific wavelength using a spectrophotometer. Additional UV-A radiated to non transgenic and transgenic tobacco affect the increasing of p-coumaric acid, naringenin, apigenin and kaempherol biomaterials from themselves grown under VL (approximately 120-130%). However, PAP1 transgenic tobaccos under additional UV-A radiation enhance the accumulation of these biomaterials up to160-180% higher than non transgenic tobaccos grown under VL condition. Moreover, PAP1 transgenic tobacco radiated with UVA light also significantly increased pelargonidin biomaterial. PAP1 transgenic tobaccos had a similar phenotype with non transgenic tobaccos but the color of fully expanding flower was more pink intensity than non transgenic.
A Study of Fluorescent Chemosensor for Fe(II) Based On Cyanoacrylic Derivatives
Authors: Thanakit Prawonwan , Chodjarusawad Thanawee , Chittratan Pakawat , Pratontep Sirapat , Phromyothin Darinee
Published: September 2013

A chemosensor based on a cyanoacrylic (DTP-C) consists of dithieno[3,2-b;2’,3’-d]pyrrole(DTP) as a chromophore and a cyanoacrylic moiety as an ionophore which linked by aromatic system. DTP-C demonstrates the response of complex with Fe(II) in dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. The binding mode of Fe(II)/DTP-C complex was characterized using UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the effect of various MES buffer was then studied at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% v/v in Fe(II)/DTP-C complex which the appropriate ratiomatric of MES buffer is 10%. The enhancement of Fe(II) concentration indicate a decrease emission intensity while the addition of buffer concentrations found to increase in the intensity. Moreover, quantum chemical calculations were used to study the electronic and optical properties of the molecular structure of DTP-C under the density functional theory.
Laboratory Test Study on Rapid Chemical Deposition of Fresh Dredger Fill
Authors: Zheng Ai Rong , Zhuge Ai Jun
Published: September 2013

After hydraulic reclamation of the dredger fill, as the deposition of surface sludge requires a relatively long time, the consolidation treatment cannot be immediately performed until the sludge-water separation is completed and the separated water is drained. The laboratory test makes a research on the effects of chemical agents and drainage condition on the sludge deposition process. The research shows that the early-stage deposition velocity of sludge is increased obviously and the sludge-water separation time is shortened after water hydrophobing agents and polymeric flocculants are added. However, the later-stage deposition velocity is slow and the deposition strength is low. Thus, certain drainage conditions are required to increase the later-stage deposition velocity and deposition strength of sludge.
The Study of Solubility of Barium Nitrate Prepared from Barium Chromate and Nitric Acid
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Ming Yu , Zeng Qing Xuan , Wang Wen Qing
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the solubility of barium nitrate prepared from barium chromate and nitric acid was investigated. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, stirring rate, the concentration of nitric acid and the amount of the initial content of barium chromate have been studied. The results showed that the solubility of barium nitrate decreased with increasing reaction time, stirring rate and concentration of nitric acid, increased with reaction temperature but had nothing to do with the amount of the initial content of barium chromate. Finally, the reaction optimum conditions were determined that the reaction time was kept at 30 min, reaction temperature was 40-50 °C, stirring rate was 100-200 rpm, and the concentration of nitric acid was 15 mol/L.
The Effect of the C4O6H4KNa Concentration on the MAO Coating of the Mg-Sr-Al-Y Alloy
Authors: Zhang Yun Long , Zhang Yu Min , Li Mu Qin , Hu Ming
Published: September 2013

In order to resolve the corrosion resistance of the Mg-Sr-Al-Y alloy, the micro arc oxidation technology were utilized to fabricated the oxidation coating in this paper. The potassium sodium tartrate (C4O6H4KNa) solution was introduced into the electrolyte solution for improving the coating properties. The effect of the C4O6H4KNa content on the phase composition, surface morphology and potentiodynamic polarization behavior was investigated. Compared with the Mg-Sr-Al-Y matrix alloy, the specimen with sodium citrate had high relatively positive potential and low corrosion current , so it proved that the introduce of the doped C4O6H4KNa would improved the corrosion resistance properties. Key words: Micro arc oxidation, Potassium sodium tartrate (C4O6H4KNa), Polarization behavior, Corrosion resistance properties.
Research & Development of Inorganic Solidified Foam Filling Material for Use in Coal Mines
Authors: Yang Xing Bing
Published: September 2013

This research conducted chemical modification of foaming agent KH first, then determined the ratio of ingredients KH: SK: BH: SF: water of the foaming composite as 10:2:1:2:20 through orthogonal experiments, and made tests for relevant properties of samples at the said ingredient ratio and with dry density of 800 kg/m3, 900 kg/m3 and 1000 kg/m3 respectively determined by optimum seeking method via experiments. The test results show that the initial compressive strength of the material and its compressive strength after curing for 28 days are both relatively high.
The Optical Property and Sensitivity of Ag Nanoparticles Deposited Ultra-Thin Diamond-Like Carbon Films
Authors: Song Hua , Ma Nan Yu , Di Jun Wei , Li Mu Sen
Published: September 2013

Ag nanoparticles (NPs) had most prominent local surface plasma resonance effect (LSPR) among the all metals. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) film had good biological compatibility, wear resistance, corrosion-resisting and high transmission ability in the visible and near-infrared range. Since the Ag NPs were easily oxidized in air,a new LSPR interface between them and an ultra-thin DLC films was formed by means of a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The morphologies and properties of the Ag NPs deposited ultra-thin DLC films were studied by using Raman spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) , field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) and so on. And the optical tramsmission sensitivity of the new LSPR interface was also examined. The results indicated that the DLC films deposited in a shorter time had a higher sp3bond content of carbon atoms and more sensitive to refractive index of surrounding media. Moreover, to obtain the optimal morphologies and the sensing property, the deposition time for forming the DLC films should be controlled within 30 seconds.
Research of Fluoride-Free Protective Slag Used in Low C Steel
Authors: Ding Man Tang
Published: September 2013

In order to eliminate the hazards of fluoride, the low melting point and boosting substances of Li2O, BaO, B2O3were added into the low C peritectic steel mold powder replaced fluoride. It makes fluorine-free protection slag successfully developed. The crystalline ore phase of Fluorine-free mould slag is melilite. By adjustment crystallization ratio of melilite in slag film, the heat flow through the mold can be controlled.
Study on the Cold Closed-Die Forging of Planetary Bevel Gears
Authors: Kang Feng , Yang E Chuan , Wang Yan Bin , Chen Qiang , Shu Da Yu
Published: September 2013

Taking the Planetary Bevel Gears as an object, the characteristic of cold Closed-die Forging was studied. By Using the FEM, the flowing rule of metal in the process of cold forging were analyzed, which is composed of dual-direction extrusion, upsetting and filling the gear form. The results show that each district of cavity was filled completely at the end of forging, without corner collapse, fold or crack. Taken the lower die as an example, the distribution of die stress was also analyzed. The results of numerical simulation were proved by the experiments, meanwhile the high precision and quality forging was formed. To the gears, the cold closed-die forging can not only ensure the dimensional precision, but also improve the capability of the gear, while obviously reduce materials consumption.
Analysis of Mineral Resources in Liaoning Province of China
Authors: Cai Hong Chun , Pan Mao , Wang Yong Zhi
Published: September 2013

The development and utilization of mineral resources is closely related to the social economy of mankind. It is beneficial to promote the social development with the comprehensive understanding of mineral resources. The article reviews the distribution, characteristics and predominant mineral of mineral resources in Liaoning province systematically. The exploitation and utilizing status, utilization extent and utilization level of mineral resources in Liaoning province are introduced in detail. The geological exploration and prospect direction will focus on deep mineral resources in the future. The analysis can contribute important reference value to the plan, exploration and development of mineral resources in this region.
Experiment Research of Non-Carbon Metallurgy with Clean Energy
Authors: Hou Ming Shan , Li Shi Qi , Zhu Rong , Liu Run Zao , Wang Yu Gang
Published: September 2013

Experiment research on non-carbon metallurgy was explored, which contained three parts: smelting in high temperature, electrolytic iron and hydrogen reduction. A complete set of non carbon metallurgy system should include four technical units: power generation, electric power storage, control module, metallurgy unit. Energy and high temperature over 1600°C can be offered by technology on non-carbon metallurgy, electron also can be offered for hydrogen reduction and electrolysis. Technological parameters and results of three kind experiments were analysed and discussed, the feasibility of this technology and processes were proved.
Study on Mechanical Properties Anisotropy of X80 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Duan Qiang , Yan Jun , Zhu Guo Hui , Cai Qing Wu
Published: September 2013

The microstructure of X80 pipeline steel in different directions were observed by SEM technique and its effective grain size and misorientation were statistically analyzed by EBSD system. Based on these results, the mechanical properties at 0°, 45° and 90° to the rolling direction of X80 pipeline steel were studied. The results show that, owing to finer grain size and less low-angle grain boundaries, strengths and impact toughness of X80 pipeline steel at 90° direction are optimal. While the pipeline steel possesses finer grain size, more high-angle grain boundaries and less low-angle grain boundaries, the crack propagation is effectively suppressed, then its impact toughness is improved.
Determination of Pigging Circle for Heated Waxy Oil Pipeline under Different Flow States
Authors: Zhang Ji Hong , Su Wen Kun , Wang Xu Xu
Published: September 2013

As the temperature reduces in heated waxy oil pipeline, wax crystal continues to precipitate. The wax sediment reduces the pipeline transmission capacity, increases the friction resistance and raises power consumption. To restore the pipeline transmission capacity and ensure the safety operation of pipeline, regular wax removing is needed. Taking the transition of flow states into consideration, different formulas of temperature and friction drop under different flow states are applied. Wax precipitation and running cost corresponding to different flow states are obtained, and the best pigging circle is determined. Finally, the effect of different flow states on temperature drop, pressure drop and pigging circle of heated waxy oil pipeline is analyzed.
Research on How to Draw the Galloping Distribution Plan for Power Transmission Line Based on a Meteorological Geographical Model
Authors: Li Jun Hui , Zhu Kuan Jun , Yang Jia Lun , Liu Bin , Qi Yi
Published: September 2013

this paper presents the rendering method of galloping distribution plan for power transmission line based on the meteorological geographical model by summarizing theory on division of galloping region, e.g. frequency method and galloping coefficient method. Meteorological geographical method is to account and analyze icing galloping conditions of power transmission line over the years and sum up meteorological and topographic features and laws to create meteorological and topographic model for icing galloping and work out division and classification if galloping region based on running experience so as to establish standard technical system for rendering galloping distribution plan and complete the galloping distribution plan.
Applied Research on Jiaozuo Wanfang SAP-ERP System Logistics Module
Authors: Li Chuang , Hou Chao Liang
Published: September 2013

Jiaozuo Wanfang Aluminum Co., Ltd. belongs to a subsidiary of Chinalco (Aluminum Corporation of China). With the development of enterprises and the change of market environment, the corporation encountered various difficulties and bottlenecks. In order to improve operational efficiency and profitability, Jiaozuo Wanfang introduced SAP-ERP system in 2008. Logistics management module is an important function in the system, because it strengthens enterprise cost accounting capability from the planning, procurement, inventory and etc. The application of Jiaozuo Wanfang SAP-ERP system can effectively reduce material inventory, improve the accuracy of material procurement plans, and enhance the level of standardized management.
Asymmetric Reduction of Prochiral Ketones to Chiral Alcohol by Photo-Biocatalysis with Microalgae
Authors: Chen Geng Hua , Zhang Sen Xiang , Hu Qiao , Deng Xin Xing , Yu Fang , Yang Zhong Hua , Hou Ya Li
Published: September 2013

The photo-biocatalytic ability of eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic microalgae on nonnatural prochiral ketones to produce chiral alcohols was studied in this paper. The results proved that ethyl acetoacetate and acetophenone can be stereo-selectively reduced to the corresponding ethyl S-3-hydroxybutyrate (EHB) and S-1-phenylethanol (PEA) by microalgal photo-biocatalysis with high enantioselectivity, respectively. Scenedesmus obliquus has the best photo-biocatalytic activity to ethyl acetoacetate reduction reaction among the two selected eukaryotic microalgae, about 43.98% yield and 69.58% e.e. achieved. Spirulina platensis is the best biocatalyst to acetophenone among the four selected prokaryotic microalgae, about 52.65% yield and 99.40% e.e. achieved.
Simulate and Analyze of Biomass Gasification in Supercritical Water
Authors: Yan Qiu Hui , Zhang Dong , Ren Yan , Liu Xie , Nan Xiao Hong
Published: September 2013

On the basis of ASPEN PLUS-based Gibbs free energy minimization, a biomass gasification model was modified by the restricted equilibrium of the RGIBBS reactor and developed and used to simulate glucose. It is showed that the simulation result and experiment result fit well. In the process of pomace gasification in supercritical water, a sensitivity analysis with temperature and pressure is performed and the research of the gas heating value has been done. From the analysis result, without using catalyst, the temperature has influenced on the gas product most and the pressure has little effect on gas product.
Preparation and Characterization of Nanocomposite Microspheres of Polystyrene and Fe3O4 by Emulsifier-Free Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Duan Yu Feng , Fu Zhao Xia , Li Yuan , Bian Hong Jie , Zhang Song
Published: September 2013

Composite microspheres of polystyrene and nanoFe3O4 particles were prepared through emulsifier-free polymerization with ultrasonic dispersion. The properties of composite microsphere were investigated by FT-IR spectrum, X-ray diffraction analysis, TEM, SEM and VSM. The determine results showed that Fe3O4particles prepared by coprecipitation in lab were about 7~8 nm and with a narrow size distribution and superparamagnetic characteristics. The composite microsphere of polystyrene and Fe3O4showed a diameter around 20~30 nm under TEM and SEM. The data of XRD indicated crystal forms of Fe3O4in the composite microsphere did not change. The XRD spectrum of composite microsphere was a overlap of Fe3O4crystal and amorphous polystyrene. The result of hysteresis curve indicated that the composite microspheres still had superparamagnetic characteristics.
Study and Design of College Students’ Physical Activity Energy Monitor
Authors: Luo Qi , Zheng Wei Tao
Published: September 2013

College students physique level is related to high school graduation rates, short of exercise time, do not take the factors such as physical exercise, but the most important is students didnt get into the habit of exercise in university period ,lack of interest in physical exercise, the exercise effect is poor, shortage of training facilities and other factors . The Design of college students physical activity energy monitor can provide a reliable means in monitoring physical health of college students. This instrument can make continuous, dynamic, effective monitoring for college students activities to enhance physical health , at the same time to make targeted physical health prescription and personalized fitness guidance strategy for strengthen students physical health. Status of College Student Physical Activity Energy Monitor,The Insight of the Study and The Mechanism of Accelerometer Assess Physical Activity Energy are proposed in the paper.
Study of the Hybrid Optical/Electrical Wavelength Routing Approach for OTN Backbone Network
Authors: Jiang Da Wei , Sun Yi , Li Bin , Lu Jun
Published: September 2013

Transmission platform built on the backbone data network scheduling, dispatching exchange network, switching network administration, conference television network, data communications network and other business networks, production and business management for the grid to provide a relatively rich voice, video and data services. In this paper, we investigated the OTN transport network structure and the corresponding optical elements with cross connector. We have presented several wavelength allocation algorithms to illustrate the further bandwidth planning. With the smart grid construction and corporate information technology development, so as to let the existing backbone transmission network capacity and reliability levels can meet the requirements of backbone transmission.
Impact of Wall Openings on the Seismic Performance of Brick Masonry Structure
Authors: Yang Li Hui
Published: September 2013

Openings may weaken the rigidity of walls in the houses of brick masonry structure, leading to the asymmetrical rigidity distribution in the houses. This may also affect the seismic performance of houses. Five fine FEM model are established in this study to simulate the impact of various openings on the seismic performance of brick masonry structure.
Three-Dimensional Finite Element Force Analysis for Rockfill Dam of Changjiakeng Reservoir
Authors: Liu Ke Ding
Published: September 2013

Through analyzing rockfill dam structures mechanical characteristics in construction process and operational process, this paper adopts finite element method to carry out structural analysis for rockfill dam of Changjiakeng reservoir. Deducing distribution law of the dams stress and displacement in construction process and operational process. Analysis results show that, rockfill dam construction of Changjiakeng reservoir is reasonable, it meets the requirements for design. The analysis results provide a certain reference for design and construction of rockfill dam structure.
Vibration Analysis and Simulation of the Marine Diesel Generating Sets Gear System
Authors: Liu Ping , Li Bin Cheng
Published: September 2013

This paper analyzes the dynamical theory of the marine diesel generating sets gear system and establishes the 3D model. Base on the software ITI SimulationX, it establishes simulation model system and analyses the vibration which considers both internal and external parametric excitations.
Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Henggangling Buttress Type Inverted Siphon
Authors: Ji Dong Yu
Published: September 2013

nverted siphon structure is a common water conveyance buildings, this paper adopts finite element method to carry out three-dimensional finite element simulation analysis for Henggangling buttress type inverted siphon structure. Deducing variation law of the inverted siphons stress and displacement in construction process and operational process. Analysis results further verified that design scheme is reasonable and safe, it has certain reference value. Henggangling buttress type inverted siphon structure is safety, it meets the requirements for engineering.
Rotating Disks Made from Materials with Negative Poisson's Ratio
Authors: Lim Teik Cheng
Published: September 2013

Auxetic materials are those that exhibit negative Poissons ratio. In spite of their rarity, auxetic materials have been artificially produced and also found to exist are known to exist naturally. Arising from their anomalous behavior, research on auxetic materials has been carried out for possible applications in fields as diverse as biomechanics and aero-structures. This paper investigates the effect of auxeticity on the maximum stress in thin and thick rotating disks. The obtained results show that maximum stresses are lower in rotating thin disks that are made from negative Poissons ratio materials. It is also revealed that the maximum stresses in thick rotating disks can be reasonably approximated by rotating thin disk theory if the thick disk material possesses negative Poissons ratio.
Mechanical Analysis of the Energy Cycling Control for Further Smart Grid
Authors: Qi Bing , Xie Hong Wei , Zhang Li Kun , Wang Li Li , Chen Song Song
Published: September 2013

Power electronic devices always consume a lot of energy, and this energy is then converted into heat, so that the device temperature rises. It will not only affect the device performance in full cycling, but also may result in damage, if the problem of heat dissipation can not be solved. In this paper, we propose an energy cycle approach that can provide a full utilization of the reused energy from the expansion tank to distributed pump. The Power distribution analysis of the controlling cabinet is presented together with the component in power cabinet. With the capacity of power electronic devices and power levels increasing rapidly, the thermal performance of the cooling system can be improved and higher requirements can be obtained.
Cutting Force Prediction and Simulation for Quasi-Symmetric Milling of the Stator's Inner Helicoid
Authors: Liu Xi Min , Wang Shu Qiang
Published: September 2013

For fixed size disk milling cutter quasi-symmetric milling method of screw stators inner helicoid, geometric model of the cutting is studied and the force prediction formula is derived according to the plasticity theory. The finite element method model and simulation of the cutting process are studied. In the condition with the same cutting parameters, simulation results and the prediction calculation results are compared. It provides data support to the design of transmission mechanism and the optimization of cutting parameters.
Double Oxidants Combined Oxidation of Oleic Acid Preparation of Azelaic Acid
Authors: Shi Chun Wei , Zhang Xiao Yan , Zhao Shan Lin , Chen Ping , Bai Yu Ting
Published: September 2013

Oleic acid was oxidized to azelaic acid by ozone and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant jointly in this paper. The effect of major factors, such as the volume and concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the volume and concentration of ozone. The results show that the yield of azelaic acid was up to 71 %, when the oxidation was taken under the following condition: oleic acid 20g, phosphotungstic acid hydrate 0.6g , 30% hydrogen peroxide solution 60ml, reaction temperature 70°C, reaction time 8h.
Properties of N-Polar GaN Films Grown by MOCVD on C-Face 6H-SiC Substrate
Authors: Li Zhong Hui , Peng Da Qing , Zhang Dong Guo , Li Liang , Ni Jin Yu , Dong Xun , Luo Wei Ke
Published: September 2013

High quality N-polar GaN films were grown by MOCVD on C-face 6H-SiC substrate etched by KOH eutectics at 300°C for 5min. A 50 nm high-temperature AlN buffer layer was used to release the lattice mismatch stress between GaN and SiC substrate. The N-polar GaN films grow on the C-face 6H-SiC substrate etched by KOH eutectics have a high crystalline quality and smooth surface. The full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of (002) and (102) XRD spectra were 347.4 and 501.5 arcsec., respectively. The root-mean-square (RMS) of 3μm×3μm is 0.666 nm. The luminescence property of the N-polar GaN films was studied. The band-edge emission of photoluminescence spectra was at 364.6 nm with weak yellow luminescence near 560 nm. The stress in the films was also calculated from Raman spectra. The results indicated a tensile stress in the N-polar GaN films, which is mainly caused by mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient between GaN and SiC substrate.
Worldwide Smart Grid Progress and Trends of China
Authors: Zhang Jun , Chen Wei , Li Gui Ju
Published: September 2013

The development of smart grid is essential to achieve goals for energy security, economic development and climate change mitigation, and is treated as emphasis of national strategy in major countries. In this paper, we described the concept of smart grid first, then analyzed the worldwide progress in strategic planning, R&D and deployment of smart grid. Combining with Chinese situation, the future smart grid R&D will focus on: intelligent power electronics equipments, intelligent sensing technologies, renewable integration technologies, energy storage technologies and distributed energy technologies.
Research of Building Safety Management System of Reply Protection in Power Company Based on Workflow
Authors: Chen Xing
Published: September 2013

With sustained economic development in China and the acceleration of grid construction, the number of new or expanding substations construction has increased dramatically. As a major line of defense to achieve the production of Power Company, security management of relay protection and security automatic devices has a direct impact to the safety production. proposes to build relay protection safety management system based on workflow to deal with the security management requirements of power supply enterprise by analyzing implementation processing of the operation management system and inspection procedures of relay protection in certain power company, and some of which have been in the company management system and achieved good application.
Research on the Functional Framework and Business Model of Advanced Metering Infrastructure
Authors: Wang Kai , Zeng Bo , Liu Hong , Wang Long , Zhu Tao
Published: September 2013

In order to constructure and promote the intelligent grid demonstration community project, this paper presents the functional framework and business model of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). Firstly, the basic conception of AMI is introduced. Secondly, the functional framework of AMI is constructured, which contains metering data management, user interaction, electricity data collection and electrical appliances control. After that, the business model of metering data managing, user interacting, electricity data collecting and electrical appliances controlling are proposed. At last, the whole work in this paper is concluded. The functional framework and business model provide the theoretical reference for the construction of the intelligent grid demonstration community project in China.
Health Assessment and Life Prediction of Transformer
Authors: Zhang Jian Ze , Sun Jing
Published: September 2013

A third-class model based on condition monitoring is built in this paper. And an assessment system with operating information, the hottest temperature, and electric filed strength as indicators is realized. Then the equation of health level index for electric power equipment in this model is given. In the end, the health level index and life assessment of transformer are analyzed and calculated by example.
Study on the Coal-Based Synfuels System Coupled with Nuclear Energy
Authors: Li Jin , Li Chu Fu
Published: September 2013

Coal-based synfuels plants are facing serious pressure on CO2 emissions reduction. Developing the coal-based synfuels system coupled with nuclear energy is an effective approach to reduce CO2 emissions. This work analyzes CO2 emissions features in the coal-based synfuels system, and further investigates three coupling paths between the coal-based synfuels system and nuclear energy. Subsequently, an inherent-safety and low-carbon coal-based synfuels system coupled with nuclear energy is proposed. In the coupled system, valley nuclear power is provided to conventional water electrolyser for hydrogen/oxygen production, and oxygen and hydrogen are supplied to the coal gasification and fuel synthesis processes, respectively. The simulation results show that the coupled system can reduce about 50% raw coal consumption and almost all CO2 emissions compared to the conventional coal-based synfuels system, meanwhile it can improve the peak shaving capacity of nuclear power plants.
Construction of China's Energy Condition Index
Authors: Zhou De Cai , He Yi Qing , Huang Meng Yuan
Published: September 2013

Among the supply shocks on inflation, energy is one of the most important. In order to reflect energy condition’s impact on inflation comprehensively, referring the financial condition index, we construct China’s energy condition index by bring in 3 variables: China’s energy price, consumption and production. The empirical analysis’s result shows that the index has an ideal prediction to China’s inflation.
Low-Temperature Pyrolysis Characteristics of Inner Mongolia Lignite
Authors: Zhao Zhen Xin , Ma Bu Wei , Zhu Shu Quan , Zheng Hai Jin
Published: September 2013

The utilization of high moisture, high volatile low rank coals such as lignite is gaining importance day by day to meet the growing demands of coal for the energy sectors. For the combustion of pulverized material it appears essential to dry lignite. Further, lowest possible ash and moisture as well as high heat content are desired for combustion. The present work gives the details of the preparation of a product of higher calorific value by thermal treatment of Inner Mongolia lignite. The low-temperature pyrolysis characteristics were carried out on the regularities of pyrolysis temperature and holding time on the product yield of dry distillation of lignite by using aluminium retort method. The result shows that the suitable pyrolysis condition of lignite is 450 ~ 510 °C, holding time for 30 min. The ratio of aliphatic and aromatic groups of 400°C semi-coke obviously decrease 53.1% and 11.8% compared with raw coal. The degree of aromatization of semi-coke is gradually increased and aromatic nucleus condensation degree increases. The retort process of lignite is a dehydrogenation, deoxidization and carbon-rich process.