bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Illicit Activities Beneath the Surface Web: Investigating Domestic Extremism on Anonymous Social Media Platforms
Authors: Dawson Maurice , Vassilakos Andreas , Remy Jose Luis Castanon , Setor Tenace Kwaku
Published: April 2021

At the beginning of 2021, the Internet was used to spread words to incite insurrection and violence through social media, incited a pro-Trump mob riot into a U.S. Capitol building. Furthermore, due to recent acts of domestic terrorism in Texas, New Zealand, and California, police authorities have begun investigating social media presence that premeditated harmful acts. In all three instances, the shooters posted their manifesto online and had a presence on 8chan. The common thread among all shooters is their identification as a white nationalist and their social media site affiliation with Infinitechan, where they hid their radical ideas. Similarities in the shooters’ profiles include their perceived viewpoints of population groups regarding their political, ethnic, and social identities. This paper will provide insight into the forums where domestic terrorists spread their agendas. It will also set the foundation for further research towards a strategic algorithm that compiles and analyses relevant users’ profiles by using OSINT and data analytics techniques).
Bubbles During Covid-19 Period: Evidence from the United States Using the Generalized Sub ADF Test
Authors: Chang Tsangyao , Hsu Chen-Min , Wang Mei-Chih
Published: April 2021

This study applies the generalized sub ADF (GSADF) tests to investigate whether bubbles exist in the United States markets over the period of 2015-2019, focusing on the COVID-19 period. We use daily Dow-Jones stock price indexes for the first time during the time period of 2015/1/7-2020/3/17. Empirical results demonstrate the existence of bubbles in the US stock market during some sub-sample time periods. Especially important, we find the third bubble begins from 2020/2/26 and grows gradually, not bursting until recently, a situation that is ongoing in the US market. Our results have important policy implications for investors who attempt to invest in the US stock market
Kajian signifikansi lanskap permukiman tradisional Pekon Hujung, Lampung Barat
Authors: Pratiwi Rian Adetiya , Nabilah Rizka , Wijayanti Goldie Melinda
Published: April 2021

Pekon Hujung is a traditional settlement located in Belalau District, West Lampung Regency and directly adjacent to South Oku, South Sumatra Province that describes the character of the Lampungnese people. The rapid pace of urban development and modernization can shift the cultural values that exist in a traditional settlement and its environment. One of the negative impacts that may arise is the loss of cultural importance in a traditional settlement area. An assessment of the importance or significance of a culture can be carried out as one way of determining an appropriate conservation strategy. This study was conducted to identify and to analyze the key characters that formed Pekon Hujung cultural landscape. The method used in this study is the Cultural Heritage Landscape Assessment (CHLA) which is used to assess the significance or importance of a landscape. The assessment resulted in important value score of 27, which was cllassified as high category of the landscape importance.  In general, Pekon Hujung has distinctive character, where the supporting elements, as well as the people still live and carry out the cultural values that have existed since long ago. The Pekon Hujung landscape is a culture that has important values and local wisdom which can still be applied in today's life.
A Review of Gandhi, Father of a Nation or a Mahatma?
Authors: Muhammedi Shezan
Published: April 2021

Mohandas Gandhi is a legend among the world’s greatest men. His many selfless acts were able to unite a nation and remove the British from colonial India. Gandhi is responsible for leading the establishment of an independent India, free from foreign intervention. However, was he mistaken to be a mystic, a sorcerer, the father of a nation or a great Mahatma? Were these attributions part of Gandhi’s true intentions or did he use the proclaimed titles as a political tool for the advancement of the nationalist campaign? Academics who specialize in modern Indian history have claimed Gandhi to be the father of a nation and a great soul or more famously known as the Mahatma. An analysis of two works, the first being Gandhi as Mahatma: Gorakhpur district, Eastern UP, 1921‐1922 by Shahid Amin and the second entitled,“Father of the Nation” in Gandhi in His Time and Ours by David Hardiman. Both works make claims as to Gandhi’s self‐righteous and father titles. However, upon further discussion it will be proven that Gandhi sought never to attain such grandiose titles; it was against his intentions. As Gandhi’s influence grew throughout the Indian subcontinent so did the titles bestowed upon him by Indians. He was wrongly associated with deities and parental roles. The accomplishments of Gandhi will forever be admired by mankind as a whole yet Gandhi did not seek to be remembered as a Mahatma or Father.
1. Heme Oxygenase‐1 Enzyme Deficiency Affects Uterine Natural Killer Cell Function During Murine Pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Tracy
Published: April 2021

Recurrent miscarriage is a condition that affects 1% of all women, and rejection of the fetus by the mother's immune system is thought to be one of the underlying causes. The mechanisms of maternal tolerance vital to a successful pregnancy are not well understood; however, uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are implicated as they comprise over 70% of immune cells in the uterus during early pregnancy. Heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) is an enzyme that is known to be immunosuppressive. Moreover, mice missing HO‐1 have extremely high abortion rates. This study is the first to analyze the effects of HO‐1 deficiency specifically on uNK cells. We posit that an absence of HO‐1 affects normal uNK cell‐mediated immunosuppression, and also possibly their ability to modify uterine spiral arteries supplying blood to the fetus. Our study analyzed embryos from mice lacking or deficient in HO‐1 on days 8, 10, and 12 of pregnancy. Both number of uNK cells and degree of vascularization were analyzed using immunohistochemistry staining. We observed a significantly higher number of uNK cells in one area of the embryo implantation site and a significantly lower number of cells in another, suggesting the uNK cells are failing to localize properly. Analysis of vascularization is currently ongoing. Since women with multiple miscarriages have been shown to down‐regulate HO‐1, confirmation that absence of HO‐1 leads to implantation site abnormalities could pave the way for future clinical treatments.
2. Immunolocalization of Cystatin‐Related Epididymal Spermatogenic (CRES) Protein in Mouse Spermatozoa
Authors: Ferrer Marvin
Published: April 2021

CRES is an inhibitor of a specific member of an enzyme family called serine proteases.  It is thus thought to play a role in enzymatic regulation.  It has been shown to be expressed only in the testes, epididymis, sperm, and gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland.  Localization of CRES in sperm is an important step in determining its role within sperm.  Previous studies have shown CRES to be localized in the mouse acrosomal cap: a vesicle on the tip of the sperm head which releases its contents upon initial sperm‐egg contact.  The present study shows that developmental analysis of spermatogenesis via immunohistochemistry is incompatible with the conclusion that CRES is localized in the acrosomal cap.   CRES expression begins in the elongating spermatid stage of sperm development; by this point, the acrosomal cap has been completed and it has never been shown that further additions to it can occur.   Western blot and immunogold electron microscopy shows that CRES is localized in the sperm tail.  It is also  possible that further CRES is placed on the outer sperm membranes on the head as it travels through the epididymis, which is a part of the male reproductive tract.
Use of point-of-care ultrasound to diagnose spontaneous rupture of fibroid in pregnancy
Authors: Lammers Stephen , Hong Christopher , Tepper Jared , Moore Christy , Baston Cameron , Dolin Cara D.
Published: April 2021

Background: Complications of fibroids in pregnancy are well known, including postpartum hemorrhage, labor dystocia, and cesarean delivery. Outside of pregnancy and labor, the rare occurrence of spontaneous fibroid rupture has been documented. Case: The current case report involves a woman who presented with acute abdominal pain in the third trimester of pregnancy and was found to have spontaneous rupture of a fibroid before the onset of labor. Her initial presentation, diagnosis through use of point-of-care ultrasound, acute surgical management, and postoperative course are described. Conclusion: When assessing acute abdominal pain in a pregnant patient, fibroid rupture should be considered despite the absence of prior uterine surgery. Bedside point-of-care ultrasonography is a useful tool for assessment of abdominal pain in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Surgeon Performed Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Intussusception - A Pilot Study
Authors: Soundappan Soundappan S.V. , Lam Albert , Lam Lawrence , Cass Danny , Holland Andrew J.A. , Karpelowsky Jonathan
Published: April 2021

Aim: To study the diagnostic accuracy of surgeon performed ultrasound (SPU) in the diagnosis of children presenting with clinical suspicion of intussusception to a tertiary paediatric facility in NSW, Australia. Methods: Children under the age of 16 presenting to the emergency department with clinical features suggestive of intussusception were recruited. After obtaining consent SPU was performed by a Paediatric surgeon. All patients subsequently had an ultrasound performed in radiology department (RPU) on which management was based. Diagnosis and images of SPU were reviewed by an independent radiologist blinded to results of the formal study. Results: Of 7 children enrolled 5 were male. Age ranged from 3 months to 7 years (mean 2.64, SD 2.282), weight from 5.2kgs to 25.2kgs (mean 13.69, SD 6.721). Five out of the 7 children presented during day hours i.e. 8a.m.-5 p.m. (mean 12.72, SD 4.049). Mean time to SPU was 6.3 hours (SD7.1) and RPU was 8.3 hours (SD 7.6). SPU was earlier by 2 hours and correlation between SPU and RPU was 100 percent. Conclusion: SPU for intussusception can be performed early and accurately. Surgeons should train and use ultrasound as a reliable tool in evaluating the child with suspected intussusception.
The POCUS Lesson of Professor Tulp
Authors: Newman James S.
Published: April 2021

An homage to Rembrandt’s “The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp” for the modern physician (Acrylic on canvas).
KNOWN AND UNKNOWN STEFAN KOVALIV: BIOGRAPHICAL PORTRAIT
Authors: Drahan Volodymyr
Published: April 2021

Summary. Purpose of the study – on the basis of a significant source array and historiography, to outline the main well-known and little-known facts from the life and various activities of a prominent public and educational figure, publicist and writer – Stefan Kovaliv. The research methodology involves the use of general scientific principles of historicism, objectivity and systematicity. We used general scientific (analysis and synthesis), general (problem-chronological and periodization) and special-historical (historical-comparative and historical-genetic) methods. Theoretical and methodological principles of "intellectual history" and "intellectual biography" became the basis in the process of the research. The scientific novelty of the proposed article is manifested primarily in the fact that based on a multifaceted analysis of a significant source array, for the first time an attempt was made to cover a more comprehensive biographical portrait of Stefan Kovalіv with the introduction of little-known facts from his life and work. Conclusions. The materials presented in the article to the biographical portrait of Stefan Kovalіv, give every reason to say that his life and multifaceted activities have significantly influenced, and he left a diverse creative heritage and continues to affect the formation of socio-cultural development of different generations and segments of Ukrainian society. In addition, it is proved that during the last third of the XIX – early XX century, Stefan Kovalіv was an active driving force in the historical progress of the Galician region being a manysided personality.
MEASURES TO COMBAT THE CHOLERA EPIDEMIC AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINIAN LANDS (90s of the XIX century)
Authors: Shandra Iryna
Published: April 2021

Summary. Epidemics are part of human history, with the development of communications between regions and continents only accelerating their spread. Another outbreak of cholera in India led to the fifth world epidemic of the disease reaching Ukrainian lands in the summer-autumn of 1892. The purpose of the article is to analyze the undertaken steps to combat the cholera epidemic in industrial enterprises in the Ukrainian lands in the 1890s. The research methodology is based on a system of principles (scientific, objectivity, historicism) and methods of scientific knowledge. The use of general scientific (analytical, retrospective, systemic) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-comparative, chronological) methods allowed to analyze the peculiarities of the disease in factory and mining settlements, to identify general imperial manifestations during the epidemic and economic causes. Scientific novelty. The cholera epidemic of 1892 in the Ukrainian lands was analyzed from the point of view of a socio-economic problem, which entrepreneurs tried hard to minimize by developing a set of measures for this purpose. Article shows that the owners of factories and mines often encountered a lack of understanding by workers of the scale of the problem (from bold non-compliance with hygiene standards to "cholera riots"). It was highlighted that the developed set of measures allowed us to minimize the manifestations of the disease, and objective circumstances – to chronologically limit its duration. In the article was made the concludes that it is necessary to comply with anti-epidemiological measures and carry out educational work among the general public; high efficiency of sanitary and epidemiological measures is possible if business owners are actively involved in their implementation.
UKRAINIAN PAST OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY IN THE MIRROR OF POLISH HISTORIOGRAPHY: NEW ANALYTICAL STRUCTURE
Authors: Vladyga Olga , Zhuravlov Sviatoslav
Published: April 2021

Monograph Review:
Morozova O. Studies of Ukrainian History of the 1st Half of the 20th Century in Contemporary Polish Historiography: Trends, Concepts, and Discussions : monograph. Mykolaiv : Black Sea National University, 2020. 432 p.
Pharmacist Prescriptive Authority for Acne: An Evidence-Based Approach to Policy
Authors: Adams Jennifer Athay , Adams Alex J. , Klepser Michael E.
Published: April 2021

The diagnosis of acne is typically straightforward and based on physical signs and symptoms. Some jurisdictions in Canada, the United Kingdom, and United States have enabled a pharmacist treatment model to diagnose and manage patients with mild acne using prescription medications. Studies have found the model to be safe and effective, while simultaneously increasing more timely access to care for patients which may reduce the potential adverse impacts of acne. Further, use of a standardized protocol may alleviate some of the concerns expressed over the model. This paper summarize answers to frequent questions to help policymakers consider the objective evidence for their jurisdiction.
Could This Be the Moment We Have Been Waiting For - Again?
Authors: Stout Linda , Sharkey Kathleen
Published: April 2021

How do we ensure that non-profits can survive and thrive in an economic downturn? This article proposes that building powerful networks is the path that non-profits, especially small and medium-sized ones, should take. Based on four decades of community organizing experience at Spirit in Action and other national non-profits, we show how to successfully build multi-racial and welcoming networks. We present examples and a case study that describe step-by-step the critical elements needed for a network to function well for all participants, and how to build a force for change.
Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Pertanian Kota Bima
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Wulandari Wulandari
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of Career Development on Employee Performance in the Agriculture Office of the City of Bima. The criteria set by the researcher as the sample in this study were the employees of the Civil Service Office (ANS) at the main service with a total of 61 people using purposive sampling technique, namely the method of selecting samples based on certain criteria. Based on the results of data processing using SPSS version 23.0, the following results are obtained: It is known that the constant value of the career development variable is positive, namely 12,402, the regression coefficient of work performance is 0.649, so that the regression equation can be written: Y = 12.402 + 0.649X, and the correlation coefficient (R) = 0.739. This means that career development has a strong relationship with employee work performance in accordance with the guidelines for the correlation coefficient interval between 0.60 - 0.799. The results of the SPSS version 26.0 data are obtained a correlation value of 0.650 and to determine the level of closeness of the relationship between career development and work performance. , be on STRONG. The R Square value of 0.545 means that the career development variable is able to contribute to the work performance variable by 54.5%, while 46.5% is influenced by variables outside of this research model. The two-party t test proves the alternative hypothesis (Ha) which states that the career development variable in its six dimensions has a positive and significant effect on employee work performance.
El Control y efecto de la temperatura en el proceso de deshidratación de hojas de Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni).
Authors: Cebada Reyes José Guillermo , Villalobos Espinosa Julieta del Carmen , Dimas Mojarro Juan José
Published: April 2021

Las hojas de Stevia (Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni) han adquirido gran importancia debido a su alto poder edulcorante (300 veces más que el azúcar), por lo que su consumo ha aumentado en los ultimos años. El mayor contenido edulcorante generalmente se presenta en las hojas secas; lo que permite que el control de la temperatura se convierta en un parámetro de estudio importante. El presente trabajo de investigación analiza el efecto de la implementación de un sistema de control de lazo cerrado, a través de tecnología Arduino y electrónica convencional. Para lo cual, se evaluó la regulación de temperatura con un PID para una deshidratadora solar tipo cajón. Mediante una interfaz gráfica de usuario (GUI) en Matlab, se realizó un monitoreo del proceso de deshidratación de la hoja de Stevia a tres diferentes temperaturas 30℃, 35℃ y 40℃. Se evaluó el efecto de la temperatura por medio de la cuantificación del porcentaje de sustancias activas presentes en las hojas a través del estándar L a 630 nanómetros. Los resultados mostraron que a los 35°C es la temperatura óptima para la deshidratación de las hojas Stevia, por otra parte, la deshidratadora tipo pasiva con autorregulación de temperatura, es una opción factible para su aplicación en la deshidratación de hojas de Stevia.
Diagnostic difficulties in children with iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis in the material of the Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology of the Medical University of Warsaw
Authors: Jabłońska-Jesionowska Monika , Zawadzka-Głos Lidia
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The causes of vocal cord paralysis in children include congenital malformations, nervous system disorders, and iatrogenic causes. The paralysis may affect one or both cords. The signs of bilateral vocal cord paralysis include respiratory stridor of varying severity, and even acute respiratory failure. The signs and symptoms of unilateral vocal cord paralysis include phonation and swallowing disorders, as well as respiratory stridor associated with partial stenosis of already physiologically narrow airways in children. Diagnosing the cause for vocal cord paralysis in children is difficult. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the causes of iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis, as well as to assess the usefulness of diagnostic methods used in children with iatrogenic vocal chords paralysis. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 20 children with iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis under the care of the Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology of the Medical University of Warsaw in 2017 was conducted. Results. The study group included 13 boys and 7 girls aged from 1 month of age to 10 years of age; median age at the diagnosis was 3 months. In 17 children, bilateral paralysis was diagnosed, and 3 children were diagnosed with unilateral paralysis. The cause of iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis in 7 children was cardiac surgery, in 1 ? thoracic surgery, in 7 ? prolonged intubation, in 3 ? perinatal hypoxia, and in 2 ? vincristine chemotherapy. Conclusions. The diagnosis of iatrogenic vocal cord paralysis is difficult. The applied diagnostic methods require an integrated interpretation. The larynx ultrasound (US) examination remains very useful in the assessment of the vocal cords mobility in children, however, it is not possible to perform this examination in intubated patients. Fiberoscopy, performed under local anesthesia, is widely available, however, performing it on a narrow larynx of a child may cause respiratory disorders. US and fiberoscopy in infants should be supplemented by direct laryngoscopy in order to exclude congenital airway defects that may have symptoms similar to them. In any case, neurological disorders and genetic defects causing vocal cord paralysis must be excluded.
Assessment of the severity of chronic sinusitis in children with cystic fibrosis using the Lund-Mackay Score depending on genotype
Authors: Kwast Piotr , Olszewska-Sosińska Olga , Wolniewicz Maria , Zybert Katarzyna , Sands Dorota , Zawadzka-Głos Lidia
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Chronic sinusitis affects most patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The Lund-Mackay (LM) scale is an objective tool allowing for easy assessment of the severity of lesions in sinuses observed in computed tomography (CT). The link between clinical picture, image results and CFTR gene mutations is not well evaluated. Aim. To specify the correlation of the severity of lesions found in computed tomography and the CFTR gene mutation type causing an underlying disease in children with cystic fibrosis. Material and methods. Data of the children with cystic fibrosis who underwent CT between 2016-2018 at the Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology of the Medical University of Warsaw was analysed. The following factors were taken into account: age, sex and CFTR gene mutation type. Each CT was assessed using the basic and modified Lund-Mackay Score (LMS and MLMS). The study was retrospective. Results. 34 children, 16 girls and 18 boys aged between 3 and 17 years (median age ? 10 years), were enrolled to the study at the time of CT. LMS median was 17 (range 2-23), and MLMS ? 18 (range 2-24), and their difference was statistically significant. 16 patients were F508del homozygous. Severe CFTR mutation in both alleles was observed in 28 patients, and mild mutation was found in at least one allele in 6 patients. LMS median in the group of patients with severe mutation was 17.5, and in the group of patients with mild mutation ? 14.5. MLMS median was 18 and 14.5, respectively. The difference was statistically significant for both LMS and MLMS. No statistically significant correlation was found between the LMS and MLMS results and sex. The weak positive correlation between LMS and MLMS and patient’s age was not statistically significant. Hypoplasia or aplasia of one or more paranasal sinuses was observed in 11 children (32%). Conclusions. The score on the modified Lund-Mackay scale is higher than the score on the basic LMS scale in children with cystic fibrosis. The group of patients with a severe CFTR gene mutation has higher scores for both LMS and MLMS than the group with a mild mutation. Due to frequent sinus aplasia in children with cystic fibrosis, the use of the modified Lund-Mackay scale allows for error avoidance when comparing CT results of different patients.
Sezonowość złamań kończyny dolnej w populacji pacjentów pediatrycznych
Authors: Czerżyńska Magdalena , Milewska Anna Justyna , Gościk Elżbieta
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Bone fracture is a discontinuation of bone tissue due to trauma. The main type of bone fractures in children are greenstick fracture. In this type of fracture we can observe gently sinus bone dislocation, without cortex and periosteum breaks. To major causes of bone fracture in pediatric population we can include accidental or non-accidental fractures. Aim. The aim of the study was to show the seasonal changes of lower limb fracture in chi den. Material and methods. To retrospective analyzes Author had included the description of lower limb x-ray images. Firstly authors has got permission for local Bioethical Commission (R-I-002/108/2015). The X-ray description had been looking for the key word “fractures” with fractures localization and fractures’ months of injury, related to patients age and sex. Collected data was analyzed in Statistica 12.5 (chi2 test; p < 0.001). Results. The highest lower limb cases was detected during spring and winter, 161 (27.52%) and 163 (27.86%). During summertime this number was a bit lower – 152 (25.98%). The smallest injuries was observed in autumn 34 (5.81%). Author found statistica relationship (p < 0.001). Between age group and lower limb fracture injuries months’. Children < 5 yo and 6-10 yo was the most fractures-depended during summertime (48.43 and 37.16%), but teenagers in winter (36.93%). More girls than boys had got injury on spring and autumn. During wintertime, the numbers of boys and girls was similar. Conclusions. Lower limb fractures was more often. During daily routinely activities and was characterization with seasonal changes. The atmospherics condition helps performed outdoors activities and also create injuries, opposite than in autumn. During spring and summer good weather helps outdoor activities.
Pięciomiesięczne niemowlę z całkowitym nieprawidłowym spływem żył płucnych – opis przypadku
Authors: Pskit Agnieszka , Piórecka-Makuła Anna , Gołąbek-Dylewska Małgorzata , Roik Danuta , Werner Bożena
Published: April 2021

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a rare congenital cyanotic heart disease, in which the lack of connection between all four pulmonary veins and left atrium is present. The interatrial communication allows the oxygenated blood flow to systemic circulation through the left atrium. The authors present a 5-month-old girl with heart failure symptoms. Poor weight gain, feeding difficulties, tachypnoe with use of accessory breathing muscles, hepatomegaly and low oxygen saturation level were observed. Serum concentration of NT-proBNP was elevated. Electrocardiography revealed right atrial and right ventricular enlargement. Chest X-Ray showed cardiomegaly and increased pulmonary vascular markings. The echocardiographic evaluation revealed pulmonary venous drainage to superior vena cava, right-sided heart chambers enlargement, main pulmonary artery dilation and atrial septal defect. Computed tomographic angiography was performed in order to acquire more accurate image of pulmonary veins connection. Supracardiac type of total anomalous pulmonary venous return was diagnosed and cardiosurgical correction was performed. The authors pay attention to the importance of recognizing the clinical symptoms of heart failure in infants by primary care physicians.
Nietypowy obraz hemoglobinopatii współistniejącej z talasemią β
Authors: Adamowicz-Salach Anna , Burzyńska Beata , Siwicka Alicja , Smalisz Katarzyna , Matysiak Michał
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Inherited hemoglobin disorders, including thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies, are frequently occurring diseases in the world. Thalassemias are autosomal recessive disorders of hemoglobin synthesis. Underlying molecular defects in the α-globin or β-globin gene clusters form the basis of defective hemoglobin synthesis and the various inherited forms of α- halasemias or β-thalasemias. Thalassemia is diagnosted where hemoglobin levels, volume of red blood cells (MCV) and mean cellular hemoglobin (MCH) are significantly reduced. Aim. We want to introduce atypical clinical falieure of hemoglobinopathy. Material and methods. We presented two children with anemia. In first case it was a boy with normal MCV and reduced MCH, next case it was a girl after splenectomy with increased MCV and MCH. In both cases the red cells were hypochromic and also target cells were present in peripheral blood smear. Hemoglobin electrophoresis, measurement of HbA2 and HbF levels were performed. Results. Test results were characteristic for thalasemia β. Extending the diagnostic panel with genetic tests helped to identify in both of children thalassemia α silience carrier (-α/αα). In first case unstabile hemoglobin Hb Köln (Codon 98(295G > A)) was also detected and in second unstabile hemoglobin Hb Bruxelles (deletions del 42/β+). Conclusion. Only the genetic tests made it possible to explain atypical blood smear for thalassemia.
Rola leczenia żywieniowego dzieci z wrodzonymi skazami krwotocznymi
Authors: Łaguna Paweł , Albrecht Katarzyna , Matysiak Michał
Published: April 2021

Balancing diet in patients with congenital haemorrhagic diatheses is very important because of the need to eliminate excess weight and at the same time strengthen muscle mass. This has an important role in the treatment and prevention of strokes. The food provided to these children should secure the right amount of energy nutrients and fluids in the right proportions. After investigating the cause and complications associated with the course of the disease, we can reduce symptoms. An individual approach to each patient and the choice of a right diet will reduce the duration of treatment, ensure better development and growth, as well as improving quality of life. Additionally, it is necessary to assess the level of physical activity of each patient and, when it is too low, recommend them to increase it. Proper rehabilitation, which mainly concerns patients with congenital plasma diatoma, is especially important. Another symptom, occurring mainly in girls, is profuse menstruation and associated iron deficiency anemia. In this article we present the most important nutritional problems which a physician dealing with patients (both boys and girls) with congenital coagulation disorders should manage.
Nocna napadowa hemoglobinuria u dzieci jako przykład rzadkich schorzeń ukrywających się pod różnymi maskami rozpoznań klinicznych. Dylematy kliniczne, etyczne i społeczne rozpoznawania chorób ultrarzadkich na kanwie przypadku
Authors: Karwacki Marek W. , Adamowicz-Salach Anna , Matysiak Michał , Pankiewicz Aleksandra
Published: April 2021

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an extremely rare disease in children resulted from clonal hematopoietic stem cell proliferation triggered by acquired somatic mutation of the PIGA gene. As a consequence, a deficiency of surface proteins, e.g. responsible for protection of the untouched myeloid progenitor cells from the complement aggression, is observed. It is characterized by intra and extravascular hemolysis, various degrees of bone marrow failure and a tendency to thrombophilia with multifocal thrombosis, especially affecting visceral circulation. The aim of the case description concerning a 16 years old boy with more than 4 years delay in proper diagnosis resulted from the abdominal mask of PNH, is to draw the attention of pediatrician to identifiable diagnostic problems, when the one has had to face with rare diseases. Many, even well-known and described disorders in adults had an unexpected course in children with significant differences resulting in various clinical masks leading to misdiagnosis. Overlapping symptomatology between popular and unique disorders of childhood may be responsible for misdiagnosis as well, what demand the specific clinical awareness and response. The other, but not less important aspect of presented case report, describing such a unique disease of childhood treated with one of the most expensive therapy in the world, is important question of the ethical and socio-economic borders of modern medical therapies. All the aspect of clinical and ethical problems comprises the subject of this publication.
Opinia rodziców dzieci z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym na temat stosowanych form rehabilitacji
Authors: Sędek Katarzyna , Bonikowski Marcin , Pawłowski Mariusz , Gąsior Jakub S.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The knowledge about the opinion of parents/legal caregivers of young patients with cerebral palsy (CP) on the methods of rehabilitation is important in the treatment process because they know children’s needs and are their daily observers which allows for continuous verification of the health status discrepancies. Aim. The aim of this study was to describe parents’/legal caregivers’ opinion on the quality and the effectiveness of the selected forms of rehabilitation in children and adolescents with CP. Material and methods. The parents’/legal caregivers’ opinions were collected using a self-developed questionnaire. A total of 120 parents/legal guardians of the children and adolescents with a wide range of neurological disorders participated in the study. Results. According to the respondents answers, the number of days of therapy during the year is insufficient, which encourages to look for additional, paid forms of therapy. In addition, the parents clearly emphasized the essence of communication with the therapist and the willingness to be informed about the therapy. In their opinion, additional therapies with a psychologist, speech therapist and occupational therapist are an important element of the rehabilitation process. A significant number of parents/legal caregivers expressed their interest in the possibility of meeting a therapeutic team. Conclusions. It can also be concluded that parents/legal caregivers do not know both the nomenclature used by therapists and the results of scientific researches. Among the rehabilitation methods hydrotherapy and the NDT-Bobath method were considered the most effective.
Analiza leczenia pacjentów zakażonych pałeczką Salmonella na Oddziale Pediatrycznym Warszawskiego Szpitala dla Dzieci
Authors: Cichal Agata , Wypych Agnieszka
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Salmonella poisoning (salmonellosis) poses a serious clinical problem for pediatricians. Consumption of infected food is the primary cause of the illness. The symptoms of salmonella poisoning can vary, ranging from mild gastroenteritis to the more severe, including septicaemia which can be life-threatening. Aim. The aim is to analyse the treatment of salmonella poisoning in children admitted to the Children's Hospital in Warsaw and to study the impact of certain clinical symptoms, the outcome of laboratory tests and scans and the effectiveness of different therapies. Material and methods. This is a retrospective study of 79 children admitted to the Children's Ward during the time period of January 2016 to May 2016. The children were diagnosed with salmonella poisoning following microbiological tests. Two different pathways were studied: firstly, the treatment administered solely to alleviate symptoms, and secondly, the treatment which included administration of antibiotics. Results. The time period of the presentation of symptoms prior to hospital admission was similar for both groups. The percentage of patients with fever, high levels of infection and raised levels of immature neutrophils in blood samples and signs of bowel inflammation showing in scan tests was significantly higher in those children requiring antibiotics. The number of patients where blood in the stools and enlarged lymph glands were observed was similar in both groups. Conclusions. The most common serotype to be isolated was Salmonella enteridis. The majority of patients in the ward diagnosed with salmonella poisoning required only symptomatic treatment. Antibiotics were administered only in the more severe cases where bacteremia was suspected. In all the cases the most frequently administered medication was Sulfamethoxazole. In children presenting a systemic inflammatory response third generation cephalosporins were administered.
The formation of stylistic peculiarities of the language of religious texts of the Russian and Serbian Orthodox Churches on the example of liturgical texts and folklore spiritual verses
Authors: Marjanovic Daliborka
Published: April 2021

The subject of this research is the analysis of formation of stylistic peculiarities of the language of religious texts of the Russian and Serbian Orthodox Churches on the example of liturgical texts and folklore spiritual verses. The object of this research is the stylistic peculiarities of the language in religious sphere of Russia and Serbia. The goal is to describe the current state of the functional style that serves the religious sphere of Russia and Serbia on the example of liturgical texts and folklore spiritual verses through the prism of their development. The author examines the church religious style, the concept of religious text in Russian and Serbian cultures. Attention is given to the concept of Russian and Serbian religious verse. The relevance of the selected topic is defined by its considerable contribution to the poorly studied areas of modern Slavic philology, as well as to the development of common culture and cooperation of the countries in the religious sphere. The acquired results can serve as the theoretical foundation for further study of the religious lexicon, as well as practically implemented in the special courses and research work. The conclusion is made that the analysis of formation of stylistic peculiarities of the language of religious texts of the Russian and Serbian Orthodox Churches on the example of liturgical texts and folklore spiritual verses is a relevant, although poorly studies area of research, from the perspective of linguistics, Slavic philology, and folklore studies, as well as pivotal area for studying religious lexicon within the framework of stylistics as part of common culture, literature, language, history, and religion of peoples.
PUBLICIDADE TELEVISIVA NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: UM ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Chrysostomo Taysa da Silveira , Messeder Jorge Cardoso
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca elaborar um estado da arte acerca do uso de publicidade televisiva, a partir de textos científicos circundantes à área de Ensino de Ciências. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica em periódicos brasileiros disponíveis nos programas de pós-graduação no repositório da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) por um período de dez anos (2010 a 2019) e no Google Acadêmico para os principais trabalhos no cenário internacional, que discutem a referida temática. O principal objetivo é analisar pesquisas que se afinem com Ensino de Ciências, principalmente observando as características encontradas nestas produções cuja abordagem seja concernente à educação científica, seja por apropriação dos conteúdos ou de temas transversais. Um quadro foi constituído a partir do levantamento destes materiais, constando suas principais informações características: título, tipo, ano, grande área de concentração, programa de pós-graduação de que é oriundo, sua aplicação no ensino, se aplicável ou pertencente ao Ensino de Ciências, especificamente e o público-alvo de aplicação do método.
Penentuan Sistem Pengadaan Bahan Baku Utama Berbasis Kontrak pada Perusahaan Roti dan Kue-Kue ANDALAS
Authors: Felicia Irma , Sitompul Carles , Kus Ariningsih Paulina
Published: April 2021

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) are striving to maximize profits through cost’s reduction while maintaining their product qualities and their customer’s satisfaction. ANDALAS is an MSME producing cakes and breads that intuitively purchase its raw material which results in a relatively high purchase cost.  We propose a contract-based system using a linear programming approach to manage the purchasing activities of main ingredients. A mathematical model is proposed supporting the purchasing decisions which includes constraints such as: minimum purchase, safety stock, warehouse capacity, and demand’s requirements. The resulting model provides an improvement of 6,30% reduction in purchase costs. The improvement for each ingredient ranges from 4% to 16% where Eggs, Flour, Maizena, Margarine, Butter and Sugar are contractually ordered from one main supplier.
Optimasi Produksi untuk Meminimasi Total Biaya pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah
Authors: Rosmasari Adisti , Jatiningrum Wandhansari Sekar
Published: April 2021

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of Indonesian economy. Therefore, it is considered important to notice the condition of MSMEs in Indonesia. The business process in MSMEs usually conducted traditionally, included in determining total amount of production. As a result, sometimes there is a buildup of inventory which causes an increase in the total production cost. On the other hand, lost sales can also occur due to the amount of production couldn’t meet demand. This study aimed to solve production optimization problem with the objective function of minimizing total costs by considering inventory. It is expected that consumer demand can always be fulfilled and there is no overstock through optimization. A case study was conducted in Al-Barik MSME in Bantul Regency which produces various of snacks. Its strategic location makes Al-Barik MSME visited by tourists frequently to buy souvenirs, such as chips. This research was conducted using linear programming with LINGO. According to optimal solution, the minimum total cost spent on banana chips, bitter melon chips, and chili chips for a month was Rp. 98.227.900. Total inventory cost also decreased by an average 82.8% for each product during a month. The optimization made MSME’s able to meet the demand for each product at each period. Therefore, the profit obtained from the three types of products increased by Rp. 3.061.925 in a month.
Stigma terhadap Pemuda dengan Status Lajang (Studi Kualitatif)
Authors: Oktawirawan Dwi Hardani
Published: April 2021

Seseorang dengan status lajang tidak terlepas dari adanya stigma negatif seperti dianggap kesepian dan gagal menjalin hubungan romantis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami stigma yang dialami oleh lajang dan dampaknya. Selain itu juga digali mengenai kondisi nyata dari seseorang yang berstatus lajang. Metode kualitatif digunakan dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam terhadap subyek yang merupakan seorang lajang yang menerima stigma negatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa subyek sering mendapatkan pertanyaan mengenai status lajangnya, dibanding-bandingkan dengan orang lain, dan dianggap tidak laku. Kondisi tersebut membuat subyek merasa terganggu dan tidak nyaman hingga akhirnya subyek menjadi sering menghindari orang-orang yang memberikan stigma. Pada kenyataannya subyek tidak merasa kesepian karena menurutnya kebahagiaan tidak hanya diukur dari kondisi relasi romantis.
STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN LOYALITAS DENGAN PELAYANAN PRIMA, CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN
Authors: Yani Tri Endang , Prasetyo Iwan
Published: April 2021

Adapun tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya keterkaitan antara variabel pelayanan prima, customer relationship management dan kepuasan pelanggan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan pada Rumah Baatik Danar Hadi Semarang. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pelanggan pada Rumah dengan sample sebesar 100 pelanggan, dengan metode penentuan sample menggunakan purposive sampling dengan alat analisis regresi linier berganda. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil 1) Terdapat pengaruh positif 0,184 dan sig 0,041 variabel pelayanan prima terhadap loyalitas pelanggan 2) Terdapat pengaruh positif 0,531 sig 0,000 variabel customer relationship management terhadap loyalitas pelanggan 3) Terdapat pengaruh positif  0,214 sig 0,40 variabel kepuasan pelanggan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Dari hasil uji koefisien determinasi didapatkan nilai Adjust R square sebesar 0,742 berarti secara keseluruhan loyalitas dipengaruhi oleh variabel pelayanan prima, customer relationship management dan kepuasan kerja sebesar 74,2%.
Menelaah Faktor-Faktor Pada Influencer Dalam Perilaku Donasi Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Prasetyo Dimas Teguh
Published: April 2021

Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi oleh bangsa Indonesia pada tahun 2020 adalah adanya pandemi Covid-19. Tenaga medis sebagai garda terdepan saat ini memiliki peran penting dalam menangani Covid-19. Namun, kesiapsiagaan pemerintah di awal pandemi dalam penanganan protokoler kesehatan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) bagi tenaga medis belum mencukupi. Di tengah kurangnya APD untuk mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 pada tenaga medis, muncul gerakan sosial berupa kampanye penggalangan dana #BersamaLawanCorona yang diinisiasi oleh para influencer melalui platform crowdfunding. Studi ini merupakan sebuah conceptual paper dengan metode kualitatif literature review yang berusaha menjelaskan bagaimana kredibilitas influencer memengaruhi perilaku individu dalam berdonasi di masa pandemi Covid-19. Hasil studi ini dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan masukan positif bagi individu yang akan melakukan donasi agar lebih memerhatikan kredibilitas yang dimiliki influencer dan platform crowdfunding yang digunakannya. Serta bagaimana individu dapat memanfaatkan kredibilitas dirinya dalam konteks perilaku berdonasi.
ANALISIS HUKUM ALIH FUNGSI TANAH PERTANIAN MENJADI PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN DAN PEMUKIMAN (STUDY DI KABUPATEN BIMA)
Authors: Nurmi Siti , Arba Arba , Putro Widodo Dwi
Published: April 2021

This study aims to examine the legal analysis of the conversion of agricultural land into housing development in Kabupaten Bima. This research is structured as an empirical legal research based on the consideration that this research in problem analysis is carried out by combining secondary and primary legal materials obtained in the field. The approach used is the statute approach, conceptual approach, and the sociological approach to law. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the mechanism for changing the function of agricultural land into housing development is divided into two mechanisms, namely through a location permit if the land requested is more than 10,000 m2 while the land use change permit is used if the land use is less than 10,000 m2. With the provision that a treatise is required for technical land considerations issued by the National Land Agency of Bima Regency and a decision from the regional spatial planning coordination team regarding recommendations for space utilization permits for housing development. The policy issued by the Bima regency government is to become a reference in the conversion of land functions in line with the main agrarian law regulations and regional regulations on the spatial plan for the Bima district.