bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shaping Urban Freight Systems via a Participatory Approach to Inform Policy-Making
Authors: Paddeu Daniela , Aditjandra Paulus
Published: January 2020

In the upcoming era of new technologies, a transport system is expected to be ‘more sustainable,’ ‘safer,’ and ‘more efficient.’ However, to what extent is this true? Based on the results of a series of stakeholder engagement workshops, the paper explores the vision of different stakeholders about urban freight of the future. A Participatory Approach was used to allow stakeholders to identify the problem and co-design a set of solutions. Potential impacts of innovative urban deliveries on economy, environment, and society were analysed. Methodology and results were then compared with those of a city stakeholder engagement workshop delivered in Newcastle upon-Tyne in 2014. Stakeholders considered that an “engaging” and “easy to use” process was needed to facilitate the process and it encouraged participants to find solutions for a ‘common good.’ The participatory approach proposed in this process would support transport planners and policy-makers to design and implement a consistent policy framework for future sustainable urban freight systems.
Spring Effects on Workspace and Stiffness of a Symmetrical Cable-Driven Hybrid Joint
Authors: Zhang Shan , Sun Zheng , Lu Jili , Li Lei , Yu Chunlei , Cao Dongxing
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to investigate how to determine the basic parameters of the helical compression spring which supports a symmetrical cable-driven hybrid joint (CDHJ) towards the elbow joint of wheelchair-mounted robotic manipulator. The joint design of wheelchair-mounted robotic manipulator needs to consider lightweight but robust, workspace requirements, and variable stiffness elements, so we propose a CDHJ which becomes a variable stiffness joint due the spring under bending and compression provides nonlinear stiffness characteristics. Intuitively, different springs will make the workspace and stiffness of CDHJ different, so we focus on studying the spring effects on workspace and stiffness of CDHJ for its preliminary design. The key to workspace and stiffness analysis of CDHJ is the cable tension, the key to calculate the cable tension is the lateral bending and compression spring model. The spring model is based on Castigliano’s theorem to obtain the relationship between spring force and displacement. The simulation results verify the correctness of the proposed spring model, and show that the spring, with properly chosen parameters, can increase the workspace of CDHJ whose stiffness also can be adjusted to meet the specified design requirements. Then, the modelling method can be extended to other cable-driven mechanism with a flexible compression spring.
Gromov Hyperbolicity in Directed Graphs
Authors: Portilla Ana , Rodríguez José M. , Sigarreta José M. , Tourís Eva
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we generalize the classical definition of Gromov hyperbolicity to the context of directed graphs and we extend one of the main results of the theory: the equivalence of the Gromov hyperbolicity and the geodesic stability. This theorem has potential applications to the development of solutions for secure data transfer on the internet.
In-Situ Plasma Monitoring during the Pulsed Laser Deposition of Ni60Ti40 Thin Films
Authors: Cimpoesu Nicanor , Gurlui Silviu , Bulai Georgiana , Cimpoesu Ramona , Paun Viorel-Puiu , Irimiciuc Stefan Andrei , Agop Maricel
Published: January 2020

The properties of pulsed laser deposited of Ni60Ti40 shape memory thin films generated in various deposition conditions were investigated. In-situ plasma monitoring was implemented by means of space- and time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy, and ICCD fast camera imaging. Structural and chemical analyses were performed on the thin films using SEM, AFM, EDS, and XRD equipment. The deposition parameters influence on the chemical composition of the thin films was investigated. The peeled layer presented on DSC a solid-state transformation in a different transformation domain compared to the target properties. A fractal model was used to describe the dynamics of laser produced plasma through various non-differentiable functionalities. Through hydrodynamic type regimes, space-time homographic transformations were correlated with the global dynamics of the ablation plasmas. Spatial simultaneity of homographic transformation through a special SL(2R) invariance implies the description of plasma dynamics through Riccati type equations, establishing correlations with the optical emission spectroscopy measurements.
Botulinum Neurotoxins and Cancer—A Review of the Literature
Authors: Mittal Shivam O. , Jabbari Bahman
Published: January 2020

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) possess an analgesic effect through several mechanisms including an inhibition of acetylcholine release from the neuromuscular junction as well as an inhibition of specific pain transmitters and mediators. Animal studies have shown that a peripheral injection of BoNTs impairs the release of major pain transmitters such as substance P, calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and glutamate from peripheral nerve endings as well as peripheral and central neurons (dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord). These effects lead to pain relief via the reduction of peripheral and central sensitization both of which reflect important mechanisms of pain chronicity. This review provides updated information about the effect of botulinum toxin injection on local pain caused by cancer, painful muscle spasms from a remote cancer, and pain at the site of cancer surgery and radiation. The data from the literature suggests that the local injection of BoNTs improves muscle spasms caused by cancerous mass lesions and alleviates the post-operative neuropathic pain at the site of surgery and radiation. It also helps repair the parotid damage (fistula, sialocele) caused by facial surgery and radiation and improves post-parotidectomy gustatory hyperhidrosis. The limited literature that suggests adding botulinum toxins to cell culture slows/halts the growth of certain cancer cells is also reviewed and discussed.
Recombination Events and Conserved Nature of Receptor Binding Motifs in Coxsackievirus A9 Isolates
Authors: Hietanen Eero , Susi Petri
Published: January 2020

Coxsackievirus A9 (CVA9) is an enterically transmitted enterovirus and one of the most pathogenic type among human enteroviruses. CVA9 isolates use a distinctive RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motif within VP1 capsid protein that defines its ability to bind to integrin receptor(s) for cellular entry. To investigate CVA9 evolution and pathogenicity, genetic relationships and recombination events were analyzed between 54 novel clinical isolates of CVA9, as well as 21 previously published full length CVA9 sequences from GenBank. Samples were investigated by partial sequencing of the novel VP1 and 3Dpol genes, as well as including the corresponding areas from GenBank sequences. Phylogenetic analyses were combined with clinical data in a further attempt to analyze whether sequence evolution reflects CVA9 pathogenicity in the phylogenies. Furthermore, VP1 gene was also analyzed for receptor binding sites including the RGD motif and the putative heparan sulfate (HS) site. Analysis of the 559-nucleotide-long VP1 sequences identified six clades. Although most of the strains within each clade showed geographical clustering, the grouping pattern of the isolates in the analysis of the VP1 gene was strikingly different from grouping of 3Dpol, which suggests that recombination events may have occurred in the region encoding the nonstructural proteins. Inclusion of clinical data did not provide any evidence of symptom based phylogenetic clustering of CVA9 isolates. Amino acid sequence analysis of the VP1 polypeptide demonstrated that the RGD motif was fully conserved among the isolates while the putative HS binding site was only found in one isolate. These data suggest that integrin binding is essential for virus tropism, but do not explain the symptom repertoire.
Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Hospitalization Over a 5-Year Period in Italy: Evaluation of Seasonality and Age Distribution Before Vaccine Introduction
Authors: Barbati Federica , Moriondo Maria , Pisano Laura , Calistri Elisa , Lodi Lorenzo , Ricci Silvia , Giovannini Mattia , Canessa Clementina , Indolfi Giuseppe , Azzari Chiara
Published: January 2020

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is associated with most of the acute viral respiratory tract infections causing hospitalization with a peak during the first months of life. Many clinical trials of RSV vaccine candidates are being carried out. The aim of this study was to obtain epidemiologic information to give suggestions on target populations and prevention strategies before the introduction of new vaccines or monoclonal antibodies. We retrospectively evaluated, over a 5-year period (September 2014–August 2019), a population of hospitalized Italian children aged 0–6 years with a laboratory confirmed diagnosis of RSV infection. Risk factors, seasonality of RSV infection, distribution according to age, cases of coinfections and reinfections and cases needing Intensive Care Unit were evaluated. Hospitalizations due to RSV were 624 in the period under study. The peak was found between November and April, with 80.4% of cases recorded between December and February. 62.5% of cases were found in children under three months of age and 41% in children under 30 days old. The need for intensive care was associated with younger ages, with 70.9% of cases in children below three months of age. Unless the incoming vaccines demonstrate a strong herd protection effect, preventive strategies should be aimed at newborns or at maternal immunization.
Conditions of Hydraulic Heterogeneity under Which Bayesian Estimation is More Reliable
Authors: Yang Hao-Qing , Chen Xiangyu , Zhang Lulu , Zhang Jie , Wei Xiao , Tang Chong
Published: January 2020

Natural heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties is significant for the design and construction of geotechnical structures, and should be adequately characterized. Accurate measurements of hydraulic properties remain a difficult job and do not always work well for further design and analysis. Field hydraulic monitoring data reflects the overall slope performance and provide a more representative estimation of in-situ soil hydraulic properties for back analysis. The objective of this study is to explore the conditions under which monitoring data can provide reliable estimates of hydraulic parameters. Different distributions of soil heterogeneity generate a total number of 500 sets of synesthetic monitoring data. Bayesian inversion with the integration of Karhunen-Loève (K-L) and polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) is chosen to estimate the spatially varied saturated coefficient of permeability ks. The results show that the method is accurate and reliable, with less than 3% percentage error and 0.08 coefficient of variation (COV) around the monitoring points. There are two characteristics of the best-estimated fields. First, the ranges of ks for best-estimated fields are much narrower than the worst estimated fields. Second, when the larger ks values are distributed in the unsaturated zone of slope crest, it will lead to the best estimation. It is suggested that monitoring data can provide a reliable estimation of heterogeneous ks when the ratio of ground surface flux to ks in the unsaturated zone of slope crest is less than 1/150. Small values of ks in the slope crest result in the response of pressure head far from the responses of homogenous ks in the unsaturated zone. This complex response of the pressure head further causes the ill identification of ks by Bayesian estimation.
A Comprehensive Index for Measuring Water Security in an Urbanizing World: The Case of Pakistan’s Capital
Authors: Khan Salman , Guan Yiqing , Khan Farhan , Khan Zeeshan
Published: January 2020

Growing population, increasing urbanization, and rural to urban migration, coupled with the ongoing climate change, threaten the sustainability of cities, particularly in developing countries. Previous studies indicate numerous deficiencies in the water supply and sewage systems of Islamabad; however, a comprehensive insight into the water security assessment has not been carried out. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the urban water security of Islamabad by taking both human and environmental aspects into consideration. In principle, we achieve this objective by implementing the Water Security Assessment Framework, using five distinct parameters to calculate an urban water security index. The water supply dimension incorporates availability, accessibility, affordability, and the quality of drinking water in the city, whereas, sanitation and health dimension measures access to improved drainage systems as well as the state of overall hygiene of the city inhabitants. Furthermore, the water economy dimension includes water productivity and investment aspects in the study area, while the environment and ecosystem dimension looks into the current state of natural water bodies. Similarly, overall management and public support for freshwater resources are measured in the society and governance dimension. In general, we attempt to better comprehend water-security nexus in the federal capital considering it as a prerequisite to ensure a sustainable future for the city dwellers.
On collagen, ageing and surgical treatment options following commercial kit withdrawals - a critical analysis
Authors: ABENDSTEIN BURGHARD , SHKARUPA DMITRY , PETROS PETER
Published: January 2020

The banning of all mesh for prolapse by the FDA has failed to recognize that there is a major difference between mesh sheets applied behind the vagina for POP and repair of POP by shortening and reinforcing damaged suspensory ligaments, much as is used in the midurethral sling (MUS) which retains endorsement by the FDA.

Mesh sheets interfere with the vaginal elasticity essential for function and may cause pain and massive urine loss postoperatively, in some cases; tapes far less so, as they have little contact with vagina and work by shortening and reinforcing damaged ligaments in the same way as the MUS operation. The main pathogenesis of POP is leaching out of collagen after the menopause. Weakened ligaments cannot support the organs so they prolapse. Only artificial collagenous neoligaments created by implanted tapes (as per the MUS) can create the new collagen required to repair these ligaments.

The major advances developed over the past 30 years for treatment of POP using these ligament repair techniques has in one stroke been abolished. The treatment of POP has been set back 100 years. In their twilight years, many women will suffer the consequences of loose posterior ligaments, major prolapse, urge, nocturia, chronic pelvic pain, obstructed micturition defecation and fecal incontinence.

The FDA needs to reconsider its ban, at least for tapes, which are supported by individual, multicentre and long-term studies.
The early developments of hebrew scripts in north-western Europe
Authors: Olszowy-Schlanger Judith
Published: January 2020

The ‘Twelfth Century Renaissance’ and its palaeographical transformations had some impact on Jewish culture in North-Western Europe in general and on the Hebrew script in particular. Very few Hebrew books from this period have been preserved, but they testify nonetheless to an intense literary creativity and book production as well as to the profound changes in the Hebrew script. At some point in the twelfth century, the Hebrew script used in Northern France, England and the Holy Roman Empire (lands often referred to by a general term Ashkenaz, ’’Germany”) had acquired pronounced Gothic features. This paper briefly presents the available corpus of the earliest dated Ashkenazi manuscripts still in existence, and analyses the pertinent palaeographical features of their different sub-types.
Modelo para estabelecer competências para o futuro do design orientado pelas tecnologias emergentes
Authors: Costa Christian , Pelegrini Alexandre
Published: January 2020

Este estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo auxiliar para a construção de competências para o futuro do design, orientado pelas tecnologias emergentes. O método design science research foi utilizado para a identificação, desenvolvimento e avaliação do modelo. Na fase de instanciações foram realizados sete workshops para a construção colaborativa das competências com o objetivo de testar e avaliar o modelo desenvolvido. Docentes, discentes e profissionais do design analisaram as possíveis sinergias entre as tecnologias emergentes e elencaram competências para novas práticas de design habilitadas por estas. A validação se deu por meio de formulários online e entrevistas com profissionais atuantes demonstrando a eficácia do modelo proposto. Conclui-se que para manter sua relevância o ensino do design precisa basear suas ações na antecipação do futuro, estabelecendo novas competências para o design e que o modelo proposto pode ser uma solução satisfatória para o problema identificado.
Power Factor Control in Multilevel Inverter with Dc Link Switches
Authors:   Dept Of Eee, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India., Vijayalakshmi M. , Rengarajan V. ,   Dept Of Eee, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai, India, Mohanram S. ,   Dept Of Eee,Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India., Mani P.K. ,   Dept Of Eee,Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, India.
Published: January 2020

The technology introduces a DC linked multi-level inverter topology to raise level of the efficiency and power factor. It consists of four active and four DC link switches for a proposed 5 level inverter .The number of level can be increased to 9, 13 and more levels as required. It uses a Phase Opposition Disposition method with a single carrier to control the switches.
Exterior Features and Productive Qualities of Young Beef Cattle of Various Genotypes
Authors:   West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University named after Zhangir Khan, Uralsk, Kazakhstan, Bozymov K.K. , Nasambaev E.G. ,   West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University named after Zhangir Khan, Uralsk, Kazakhstan, Akhmetalieva A.B. ,   West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University named after Zhangir Khan, Uralsk, Kazakhstan, Nugmanova A.E. ,   West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University named after Zhangir Khan, Uralsk, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2020

The article describes the issues of comparative assessment of economic and biological features and productive qualities of beef cattle bred in Western Kazakhstan. The authors present norms and rations for feeding young animals of different genotypes. The results of studying the exterior features, body weight and average daily gain of Kazakh Whiteheaded breed and foreign Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds are presented. The authors conduct a comparative analysis of body weight and average daily gain of young animals of different breeds grown in the semi-desert zone of Western Kazakhstan. It has been found that during the growing period from 8 to 15 months, the average daily gain of body weight of the Hereford breed was 658.1 g for bull calves and 587.1 g for heifers, of the Aberdeen Angus breed – 603.8 g and 500.9 g respectively and of the Kazakh Whiteheaded breed – 758.8 g and 561.1 g respectively.
Encryption Algorithm using Shuffled 2-Dimension Key
Authors:   Research Scholar, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India,, Bonde Sarika Y. , Bhadade U. S. ,   Professor and Head of Information and Technology department, Shram Sadhana Bombay Trust College of Engineering & Technology, Bambhori, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India,
Published: January 2020

Cryptographic algorithms are the fundamental element of security protocols and applications. They need to evolve to face the advance cyber security threats. This paper presents an encryption algorithm in which plaintext is encrypted using Shuffled 2-Dimension Key. Each time when a block is encrypted, the key is shuffled. Next time when a block is encrypted the key is different. Cipher text is more secured with shuffling 2-Dimension key as compared with same without shuffling 2-Dimension key. The results of 2-dimension array (shuffled and without shuffled) are compared with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. Same character is encrypted in different way as the key get changed due to shuffling.
Non-Linear Performance of Strong Column Weak Beam RC Frame Building
Authors:   Department of civil engineering, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India., Sony J. , Vimala A. ,   Department of civil engineering, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India.
Published: January 2020

Buildings are designed in different methods for resisting the lateral loads, in which strong column weak beam concept is one of the methods of designing, this method is used to avoiding the global failure of the structure In this work 3bay 5 story RC frame building is consider for the analysis, the structures are design strong column weak beam with the help of static non-linear pushover analysis of RC frame building with increasing the percentage of column sizes 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. By varying with percentage of columns resistances of structure is increased. The parameters base shear, story displacement, and hinge formations in the structure is obtained from this analysis. The base shear and displacement are increased by increasing the column sizes, these parameters are discussed the results in detail. Comparing the all six model results the base shear in increased by 266.64% when the column size is increased by 100%. From this analysis we can reduce the failure in the structure during the earthquake. Formation of plastic hinges in column changes to beam by increasing the column size, so increase the capacity of structure. The building is analyzed by using SAP2000.
SURF Points Versus SIFT Points in Identification of Medicinal Plants
Authors:   , Professor Department of Computer Science, University of Madras,Chennai, India., Chithra PL. , Pushparani S. Janes ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Applications, Ethiraj College for Women, Chennai, India.
Published: January 2020

Today, digital image processing is used in diverse fields; this paper attempts to compare the outcome of two commonly used techniques namely Speeded Up Robust Feature (SURF) points and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) points in image processing operations. This study focuses on leaf veins for identification of plants. An algorithm sequence has been utilized for the purpose of recognition of leaves. SURF and SIFT extractions are applied to define and distinguish the limited structures of the documented vein image of the leaf separately and Support Vector Machine (SVM) is integrated to classify and identify the correct plant. The results prove that the SURF algorithm is the fastest and an efficient one. The results of the study can be extrapolated to authenticate medicinal plants which is the starting step to standardize herbs and carryout research.
Forced Convection upon Heat Sink of AL-Cu for Design Optimization by Experimental and CFD Analysis for Cooling of ICs in CPU
Authors:   Prof and Head mechanical engg,Research Scholar,JAIN,Bengaluru., D Srinivas. , Ramamurthy S. ,   Prof at R&D,CMET,JAIN,Bengaluru,, Ansari Juhi ,   Asst prof,E&C,KCT Engg college, kalaburagi& Research scholar VTU, Belagavi, Karnataka..
Published: January 2020

A heat sink device is used with specific power input at 100V and 20W by the heater attached at the base plate of copper and then obtaining the average temperature of Heat sink by the help of 10 thermocouples .Two specimens of heat sinks were designed and were tested for mass flow rate and heat transfer coefficient. With base of 1.5mm&2.5mmtip thickness and another specimen with dimensions as tip0.5mm and1.00mmbase thickness are used By experimenting and CFD simulations, optimization of heat sink design was done.Then correlation and Validation foe both the specimen was done and were found satisfactory results
Diabetic Retinopathy Feature Extraction and Classification using Adaptive Super Pixel Algorithm
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kongu Engineering College., Subramanian Balambigai , Saravanan V. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, K L Deemed to be University, Guntur (Andhra Pradesh) India., Nayak Rudra Kalyan ,   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, K L Deemed to be University, Vaddeswaram (Andhra Pradesh) India, Gunasekaran T. ,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Higher College of Technology, Muscat, Hariprasath S. ,   Assistant Professor in Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saranathan College of Engineering, Trichy (Tamil Nadu) India.
Published: January 2020

Diabetic Retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of diabetes . The longer a person has diabetes, higher are the chances of having diabetic retinopathy in their visual system. Hence the objective of this research work is to propose an automated, suitable and sophisticated approach using image processing so that diabetic retinopathy can be detected at early levels easily and damage to retina can be minimized. A vital point of diabetic retinopathy that it causes detectable changes in the blood vessels of the retina. The focal blurred edges are detected so as to dismiss the false alarms. A two-level approach is used here to classify data. Firstly, optimal features are extracted from the training data and secondly, the classification is done by the use of the adaptive super pixel algorithm and then the test data is analyzed. Adaptive super pixel algorithm can adjust the weights of various features based on their discriminating ability. After the application of algorithm, the diabetic eye is detected by means of various parameters like colour, texture, spatial distance, contour, mean, standard deviation, entropy and maximum pixel points. This research can aid the doctor for easy detection of the disease as it given an accuracy of about 98.33%.
Reconfigurable Antenna using Micromechanical Actuation Switches for K and Ku-Band Applications
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of ECE, Vel Tech University, & Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, Andhra Loyola Institute of Engineering and Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India., Rao Sathuluri Mallikharjuna , Sasikala G. ,   Professor, Department of ECE, Vel Tech University, 400 feet outer ring road, Avadi, Chennai-600062, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we have proposed a reconfigurable antenna using micro mechanical actuation switches for K and Ku-band applications. Overall two identical cantilever micro mechanical switches (S1 & S2 ) are used to design reconfigurable patch antenna. The switches are working by electrostatic actuation mechanism. With the switches, overall the antenna is offering four resonant frequencies based on the switches ON/OFF condition. The Micro mechanical switches are offering an isolation loss of -18.5dB and an insertion loss of -1dB. The switch requires a DC actuation voltages of 6V. The Proposed reconfigurable antenna is resonating at four different frequencies based on the different switching conditions of RF MEMS switches. If S1 & S2 both are ON the antenna is resonating at 16.9GHZ, if S1 -ON & S2 -OFF the antenna is resonating at 47.3GHZ & 59.1GHZ, if S1 -OFF & S2 -ON the antenna is resonating at 28.4GHZ, if S1 -OFF & S2 -OFF the antenna is resonating at 27.9GHZ
Improvement in Cutoff Frequency of Microstrip Butterworth Low Pass Filter using DGS Technique
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jaipur National University, Jaipur (Rajasthan), Acharjya Kalyan , Acharya Dheeraj ,   M.Tech, Govt. Engineering College, Rajasthan, Sahoo Girijashankar ,   Associate Professor, Jaipur National University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India., Rajora Chandra Shekhar ,   Assistant Professor at Jaipur National University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India.
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the design, analysis and fabrication of Butterworth Low pass filter with sharp rejection response using defected ground surface technique. The work is carried out to design a low pass filter with cut-off frequency 2.5 GHz to achieved the broad frequency response; the first step is to make a rectangle of 10x10mm at ground surface and the equivalent circuit for the DGS, subsequently followed to consequent L-C parameters extraction using analysis of S parameters response (EM simulation). The designed Butterworth low pass filter is realized and optimized using DGS (Defected Ground Structure) to attain a compact size, satisfactory transition sharpness along with low insertion loss in pass band and wide rejection in the stop band. The fabricated device showed the good conformity with theoretical and VNA measured result.
Efficiencies of Different Techniques to Protect Rebars Against Corrosion
Authors:   Post graduate student, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Egypt., Raheem Noura Kh. Abdel , Ali Yehia A. ,   Assistant Prof., Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Egypt., Ebid Ahmed M. ,   Lecturer, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Future University, Egypt., Khalaf Mohamed A. ,   Professor, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
Published: January 2020

Corrosion of steel reinforcement is considered one of the major causes of reinforced concrete deterioration. In the last few decades, researchers studied many different rebar protection techniques against corrosion. Three famous techniques were considered in this research, which are rebars protective coats, sacrificial anode and impressed current. Rebars protective coats are the most used technique in small projects. They are produced with different trade names according to the manufacture. On other hand, sacrificial Anode technique is recommended for aggressive environments. Finally, impressed current technique is usually used for large and corrosion sensitive structures. The aim of this research is to compare the protection efficiency of each of these three techniques. In order to achieve that goal, two experimental programs were carried out; the first program measured the protection efficiency in terms of rebars mass loss using sixteen lollypop samples. The program tested the efficiency of two types of protective coats, three types of sacrificial anodes besides the impressed current using two concrete grades. The second program measured the protection efficiency in terms of loss in structural capacity using six (100x100x1500mm) concrete simple beams. Only one type of protective coating is used besides the impressed current technique. In both programs, all samples were tested using accelerated corrosion test and results were compared to the control samples. Programs results showed that impressed current is the most effective protection technique because it prevents the corrosion completely. On other hand, the efficiency of sacrificed anode technique depends on the activity of the anode material and finally, the efficiency of protected coats dependents on material base of the coat.
An Improved Mechanism for SDN Flow Space to Control Oriented Authentication NAA Network
Authors:   Research Scholar, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, JBAS College for Women, Chennai, TamilNadu, India., Fathima Taskeen , Vennila S. Mary ,   Associate Professor and Head, PG & Research Department of Computer Science, Presidency College, Chennai, TamilNadu, India.
Published: January 2020

The Open Daylight platform with its power by working with IEEE 802.1X port level authentication for wired and wireless networks has been very supportive because of the massive deployments at mean charge for main design considerations. Within the current marketplace, 802.1X has flourished the ground works for wireless, wire stability, LAN stability and authentication methods. EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) supports long time protection of the supplicant and the authentication software till the end condition of the RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server is met. This paper is focused on the RAR (RADIUS Access Request) unique identification about the users on the network with SAA (Supplicant, Authenticator and Authentication server) system which records on the attribute cost of RFC 2865 according to the forwarding server. NAA (Non-Adaptive Algorithm) using FlowVisor based virtualization packages drive inward the network timescales or statistics, dynamically controlling the flow space of switches to control the speed and results in scaling of networks. NAA is an application level protocol that contains authentication and configuration information between a Network Access Server and a shared authentication server. It avoids the attacker from listening for requests and responses from the server and calculates the improved MD5 client secret key of the response.
Application of Image Processing In E Commerce
Authors:   (B Tech) UG Scholar, Batch (2016- 2020), NIIT University,, Mamidi LokeshVenkata Sai , Chaitanya Pisupati ,   B Tech) UG Scholar, Batch (2016-2020), NIIT University, Upadhyaya Vikas ,   B Tech) UG Scholar, Batch (2016-2020), NIIT University,
Published: January 2020

The advancement and perpetual development in technology have made it possible to automate many processes. The proposed Algorithm in this research provides the framework to self-operate the process of quantifying the shoulder size of humans by taking the images of the user so that it can be utilized to find the shirt size of the human. The framework involves three important phases which are segmentation, edge detection, predicting shirt size. Since colour has no prominent role in measurement of size,otsu’s binary thresholding for image segmentation is used in order to get binary image which separates foreground and background. Along with predictive analysis particularly regression is used as the groundwork to predict shirt size. The main application is in the apparel industry such as online shopping to automate the size detection for more expeditious results. And in the custom made apparel stitching, rather than approaching the seamster to take tape measurements our framework can be implemented therefore increasing the time efficiency.
REST Architecture Optimization in Cloud Computing Ecosystem to Support E Learning Platform
Authors:   Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia, Faisal Faisal , Kusuma Gede Putra ,   Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia,
Published: January 2020

This study will present an application design process in the style of Representational State Transfer (REST) architecture to support the E-Learning platform in the cloud computing ecosystem. An application optimization process will be presented to provide E-Learning applications for schools, faculties or universities that in most cases need manual deployment and require more time for server provisioning.This process is optimized by providing application solutions that can provide speed of provisioning.The core system used Kubernetes containerization technology to provide scalability of growing E-Learning tenants. Evaluation of the core system architecture uses the Architecture Trade-off Analysis Method (ATAM) to evaluate aspect of performance and scalability as quality attributes. From the experimentalresults, the process of making new tenants for schools requires an average time of around 173.4 seconds. This meets the expectations of the set time limit of 5 minutes. The results of stress tests for 250 concurrent users show that the system has availability above 98%.Thus,education stakeholders such as schools and universities, no longer need to provide expensive e-learning infrastructure in the form of hardware or manpower to deploy the e-learning application on premise. In the future, this solution will provide a scalable E-Learning system that can spread at scale on the cloud computing ecosystem and support a Software as a Service solution in educational technology.
Solving Multi-Objective Linear Fractional Stochastic Transportation Problems Involving Normal Distribution using Simulation-Based Genetic Algorithm
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, KIIT, Deemed to be University, Bhubneswar 751024, India, Gessesse Adane Abebaw , Mishra Rajashree ,   Department of Mathematics, KIIT, Deemed to beUniversity, Bhubneswar 751024, India, Acharya Mitali Madhumita ,   Department of Mathematics, KIIT,Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India.
Published: January 2020

In real-life situations, we human beings faced with multi-objective problems that are conflicting and non-commensurable with each other. Especially, when goods are transported from source to locations with a goal to keep exact relationships between a few parameters, those parameters of such problems might also arise in the form of fractions which are linear in nature such as; actual transportation fee/total transportation cost, delivery fee/desired path, total return/total investment, etc. Due to the uncertainty of nature, such a relationship is not deterministic. Mathematically such kinds of mathematical problems are characterized as a multi-objective linear fractional stochastic transportation problem. However, it is difficult to handle such types of mathematical problems. It can't be solved directly using mathematical programming approaches. In this paper, a solution procedure is proposed for the above problem using a stochastic Genetic Algorithm based simulation. The parameters in the constraint of the above problem follow a normal distribution. The probabilistic constraints are handled by stochastic simulation-based GA for the solution procedure of the proposed problem. The feasibility of probability constraints is checked by the stochastic programming through the Genetic Algorithm approach, without finding the equivalent deterministic model. The feasibility is maintained all-over the problem. The stochastic simulation-based Genetic Algorithm is considered to generate non-dominated solutions for the given problem. Then, a numerical case study is provided to illustrate the method.
Modifying Exhaust After-Treatment Device for Complying with Future Emission Norms
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, Gujarat Technological University Ahmedabad, India., Shah Jayvir , Patel Vikash ,   Mechanical, Gujarat Technological University Ahmedabad, India
Published: January 2020

Day to day increase in air pollution is one of the serious issues nowadays. One of the main contributors is automobile emissions. It contains gases like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxides, and particular matters. In order to address such issues, this paper is focused on the reduction of emissions by modifying the design of an exhaust after-treatment device. The analysis is carried out on a 4-stroke single-cylinder 149cc FZ-S BS4 bike two-wheeler gasoline engine.CO and HC emissions absorbed by an aqueous solution having different TDS of aqua 90ppm RO water, 1000ppm Municipality water, and 10000ppm seawater. Such aqueous solution contains calcium powder and activated carbon in 10:0.5:0.5, 10:1:1 and 10:2:2 in proportion respectively. An optimum solution derived which having a mixture of 10:1:1 proportion having 10000ppm seawater is derived which shows reduction in CO by 50% and HC emission by 40% as compare conventional muffler exhaust emission. The IoT device is used with the MQ-7 sensor to measure CO emission from a modified device and data obtained are compared with PUC (Pollution under control) certified center. This research is to optimize emission from the existing gasoline engine, from April 2017 BS4 is implemented in INDIA nationwide & BS6 will be going to implement by 2020. From April 2017 manufacturer are not allowed to build new engines below BS4 standard but customer those who are having an older version of engines are not having any effect of BS4 & their engines are still emitting more pollution than the current emission norms. More than 100 million of twowheeler engines were sold in between Feb‘06- March’17. This study aims to provide a solution for such engines not from the manufacturer side but from the consumer side to upgrade their vehicle to satisfy future emission norms so that human health will be less affected by such emissions.
Design and Analysis of DYC and Torque Vectoring using Multiple-Frequency Control Electronic Differential in an Independent Rear Wheel Driven Electric Vehicle
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India., Neroula Sujan , Sharma Santanu ,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India.
Published: January 2020

Electric vehicle (EV) are being embraced in recent times as they run on clean fuel, zero tail emission and are environment-friendly. Recent advancements in the field of power electronics and control strategies have made it possible to the advent in the vehicle dynamics, efficiency and range. This paper presents a design for traction control system (TCS) for longitudinal stability and Direct Yaw Control (DYC) for lateral stability simultaneous. The TCS and DYC is based on multiple frequency controlled electronic differential with a simple and effective approach. Along with it, some overviews have been presented on some state of the art in traction control system (TCS) and torque vectoring. The developed technique reduces nonlinearity, multisensory interfacing complexity and response time of the system. This torque and yaw correction strategy can be implemented alongside fuzzy control, sliding mode or neural network based controller. The effectiveness of the control method has been validated using a lightweight neighbourhood electric vehicle as a test platform. The acquired results confirm the versatility of proposed design and can be implemented in any DC motor based TCS/DYC.
Human Face Identification based on Optimal Sparse Features
Authors:   Pursuing Bachelor of Technology, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management, Dundigal, Hyderabad (Telangana) India., Sharma M. Risheek , Vardhan K. Akhil ,   Pursuing Bachelor of Technology, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management, Dundigal, Hyderabad (Telangana) India., Kumar K. Sravan ,   Pursuing Bachelor of Technology, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management, Dundigal, Hyderabad (Telangana) India., Koteswarrao B. ,   Pursuing PhD Degree, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management, Dundigal, Hyderabad (Telangana) India., S. Shijin Kumar P. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management, Dundigal, Hyderabad (Telangana) India.
Published: January 2020

Security of human being is an important aspect in the context of data communication. To maintain security, technology is being developed from alpha-numeric passwords to biometric scanners. Recent advancement in security is the user authentication using face recognition. But the flaws in existing face recognition systems are yet to be addressed. This paper discusses solutions to the issues encountered by face recognition systems. Sparsity based classification is performed in this work. This method can handle errors occurs due to compress in and occlusion in a robust manner. We suggest a comprehensive classification algorithm characterized by sparse representation and 1l -minimization. In this method, the feature points and selection of features are not critical. The effect of change in occlusion can be easily addressed by using this optimal sparse representation based classification (OSRC) algorithm.
Brainy Diabetes Diagnosis and Doctor Recommendation System
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Srk Institute Of Technology, Enikapadu, Vijayawada, Rithvik M. , Nagaraju T. ,   Assistant Professor, Srk Institute Of Technology, Enikapadu, Vijayawada, Kumar A. Kalyan ,   Assistant Professor , Srk Institute Of Technology, Enikapadu, Vijayawada.
Published: January 2020

Diabetes is the most common disease that is prevailing now a days from old age people to the young dynamic people which leads to death of the individuals. Eventhough many people are going to hospital in search of a treatment. These treatments may vary from hospital to hospital for the check up and diagnosis. In this scenario there is a need to make people aware of the primitive measures of diabetes and also the treatments as well as the disease intensity stages. This means there should be a treatment from home but not without the presence of a doctor. This paper resembles the diabetes diagnosis system for type1 and type2 diabetes. With the advent of artificial intelligence things are coming to the door steps. This paper illustrates an upcoming technology that makes the finger print based diabetes test system and generation of reports directly to the doctors. As this is the upcoming technology the base of Artificial Intelligence applications in attaining the application of algorithms like SVM, Linear model and Random Classifier.
Pairwise Sequence Alignment by Differential Evolutionary Algorithm with New Mutation Strategy
Authors:   Assoc.Prof, Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, Narasaraopeta Engineering College [Autonomous], Narasaraopet, Guntur(Dt), A.P., India., Gavarraju Lakshmi Naga Jayaprada. , Pavan K. Karteeka ,   Professor & Head Department of Computer Applications, R.V.R.& J.C.College of Engineering [Autonomous], Chowdavaram , Guntur , A.P., India.
Published: January 2020

Sequence alignment is a significant facet in the bio-informatics research field for the molecular sequence analysis. Arrangement of two biological sequences by maximizing the similarities between the sequences by incorporating and adjusting gaps is Pairwise Sequence Alignment (PSA). Arrangement of multiple sequences is Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA). Though Dynamic programming can produce optimal sequence alignment for PSA it suffers from a problem when multiple optimal paths are present and trace back is required. Back tracking becomes complex and it is also not suitable for MSA. So many meta-heuristic algorithms like Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolutionary Algorithm (DE) are developed in the recent years to resolve the issue of optimization. Both GA and DE are used to produce optimal sequence alignment. But Compared to GA, DE is able to produce more optimal sequence alignment. To further enhance the performance of DE a new mutant is proposed by considering best, worst and a random candidate solution and applied on DE. It is named as New Differential Evolutionary Algorithm (NDE). By taking the test sequences from a bench mark data set “prefab4ref” tests are performed on GA, All DE mutants and NDE and it is observed that the proposed algorithm NDE outperformed all the other algorithms.