bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction: Preparation of a novel injectable in situ-gelling nanoparticle with applications in controlled protein release and cancer cell entrapment
Authors: Khang Min Kyung , Zhou Jun , Huang Yihui , Hakamivala Amirhossein , Li Shuxin , Tang Liping
Published: December 2018

Correction for ‘Preparation of a novel injectable in situ-gelling nanoparticle with applications in controlled protein release and cancer cell entrapment’ by Min Kyung Khang et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 34625–34633.
Insights into the roles of water on the aqueous phase reforming of glycerol
Authors: Xie Tianjun , Bodenschatz Cameron J. , Getman Rachel B.
Published: December 2018

Microkinetic modeling using energies from DFT and scaling relations to reveal roles of water in aqueous phase reforming of glycerol.
An improved automated radiosynthesis of [18F]FET-βAG-TOCA
Authors: Allott Louis , Barnes Chris , Brickute Diana , Aboagye Eric O.
Published: December 2018

The fluorine-18 radiolabelled octreotide [18F]FET-βAG-TOCA has been evaluated clinically for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). An improved automated radiosynthesis using “click” chemistry (CuAAC) and the 2-[18F]fluoroethylazide prosthetic group is reported and with minimal adaptation, may be used for radiolabelling other peptides.
Ce–Sm–xCu cost-efficient catalysts for H2 production through the glycerol steam reforming reaction
Authors: Polychronopoulou Kyriaki , Charisiou Nikolaos D. , Siakavelas Georgios I. , AlKhoori Ayesha A. , Sebastian Victor , Hinder Steven J. , Baker Mark A. , Goula Maria A.
Published: December 2018

The Ce–Sm–5Cu catalyst exhibited the highest H2 selectivity from 40% to 75% while producing the highest amount of CO (97–71%) and the lowest amount of CO2 (3–28%).
Remarkable enhancement of the electrochemical properties of Co3O4 nanowire arrays by in situ surface derivatization of an amorphous phosphate shell
Authors: Chen Mingyue , Li Wenhui , Ma Wenhao , Qi Pengcheng , Yang Wanjun , Wang Shiyu , Lu Yu , Tang Yiwen
Published: December 2018

It is a highly desirable but still a challenging task to find a simple, fast and straightforward method to greatly improve the electrochemical properties of a Co3O4 electrode for pseudocapacitors.
Self-assembled growth of Pd–Ni sub-microcages as a highly active and durable electrocatalyst
Authors: Zhao Ming , Kang Zinan , Chen Qiang , Yu Xinxin , Wu Yanfang , Fan Xing , Yan Xinlong , Lin Yue , Xia Tian , Cai Weiwei
Published: December 2018

A bottom-up synthesis of Pd35Ni1 sub-microcages was reported as a self-supported catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation, showing excellent activity and durability.
All-optical switching in dye-doped DNA nanofibers
Authors: Szukalski Adam , Moffa Maria , Camposeo Andrea , Pisignano Dario , Mysliwiec Jaroslaw
Published: December 2018

Electrospun fibers made of DNA semi-intercalated with a push–pull, luminescent nonlinear pyrazoline derivative are introduced as novel all-optical switches.
Amphiphilic iron(ii) spin crossover coordination polymers: crystal structures and phase transition properties
Authors: Weihermüller Johannes , Schlamp Stephan , Milius Wolfgang , Puchtler Florian , Breu Josef , Ramming Philipp , Hüttner Sven , Agarwal Seema , Göbel Christoph , Hund Markus , Papastavrou Georg , Weber Birgit
Published: December 2018

A cooperative spin transition and thin platelet formation is observed for 1D coordination polymers of amphiphilic iron(ii) spin crossover complexes.
miR-221/222 promote tumor growth and suppress apoptosis by targeting lncRNA GAS5 in breast cancer
Authors: Zong Yuanyuan , Zhang Yazhou , Sun Xichao , Xu Tao , Cheng Xiankui , Qin Yejun
Published: December 2018

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21–23-nucleotide, short, non-coding RNAs that play important roles in virtually all biological pathways in mammals and other multicellular organisms. The association of miR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222) for breast cancer is critical, but their detailed roles in its development and progression remain unclear. In the present study, we found that miR-221/222 were consistently up-regulated in breast cancer tissues. We then investigated the molecular mechanisms by which miR-221/222 contributed to breast cancer and identified growth arrest–specific transcript 5 (GAS5) as a direct target gene of miR-221/222. In contrast with the up-regulated expression levels of miR-221/222, GAS5 levels were significantly down-regulated and negatively correlated with miR-221/222 in breast cancer tissues. In addition, we showed that miR-221/222 inhibitors increased cellular apoptosis, miR-221/222 mimics decreased the cell apoptosis in breast cancer cells, and restoration of GAS5 expression attenuated the anti-apoptotic effects of miR-221/222 in breast cancer cells, indicating that GAS5 was a direct mediator of miR-221/222 function. Finally, we showed that miR-221/222 suppressed GAS5 expression significantly and enhanced tumor growth in a mouse model of breast cancer xenografts. The present study highlighted the important role of miR-221/222 as oncomiRs in breast cancer, which inhibited GAS5 translation. These findings may provide a new perspective for the molecular mechanism of breast carcinogenesis and provide a novel approach to the treatment of breast cancer.
Models of irradiated molecular shocks
Authors: Godard B. , Pineau des Forêts G. , Lesaffre P. , Lehmann A. , Gusdorf A. , Falgarone E.
Published: December 2018

Context. The recent discovery of excited molecules in starburst galaxies observed with ALMA and the Herschel space telescope has highlighted the necessity to understand the relative contributions of radiative and mechanical energies in the formation of molecular lines and explore the conundrum of turbulent gas bred in the wake of galactic outflows.

Aims. The goal of the paper is to present a detailed study of the propagation of low velocity (5–25 km s−1) stationary molecular shocks in environments illuminated by an external ultraviolet (UV) radiation field. In particular, we intend to show how the structure, dynamics, energetics, and chemical properties of shocks are modified by UV photons and to estimate how efficiently shocks can produce line emission.

Methods. We implemented several key physico-chemical processes in the Paris-Durham shock code to improve the treatment of the radiative transfer and its impact on dust and gas particles. We propose a new integration algorithm to find the steady-state solutions of magnetohydrodynamics equations in a range of parameters in which the fluid evolves from a supersonic to a subsonic regime. We explored the resulting code over a wide range of physical conditions, which encompass diffuse interstellar clouds and hot and dense photon-dominated regions.

Results. We find that C-type shock conditions cease to exist as soon as G0 > 0.2 (nH/cm−3)1/2. Such conditions trigger the emergence of another category of stationary solutions, called C*-type and CJ-type shocks, in which the shocked gas is momentarily subsonic along its trajectory. These solutions are shown to be unique for a given set of physical conditions and correspond to dissipative structures in which the gas is heated up to temperatures comprised between those found in C-type and adiabatic J-type shocks. High temperatures combined with the ambient UV field favour the production or excitation of a few molecular species to the detriment of others, hence leading to specific spectroscopic tracers such as rovibrational lines of H2 and rotational lines of CH+. Unexpectedly, the rotational lines of CH+ may carry as much as several percent of the shock kinetic energy.

Conclusions. Ultraviolet photons are found to strongly modify the way the mechanical energy of interstellar shocks is processed and radiated away. In spite of what intuition dictates, a strong external UV radiation field boosts the efficiency of low velocity interstellar shocks in the production of several molecular lines which become evident tracers of turbulent dissipation.
Cauchy’s theorem and generalization
Authors: Reuss Paul
Published: December 2018

It has already been established that the mean length travelled by a neutral particle in a body containing a diffusing but not absorbing material is independant of its cross section, and consequently equal to the mean chord of the body. An elegant demonstration of this curious feature is presented and analysed thanks to Monte-Carlo simulations.
Computer Modeling Approach of Leachate Flow in Compacted Laterite Soil Liner
Authors: Bello Yamusa Yamusa , Alias Noraliani , Ahmad Kamarudin , Sa’ari Radzuan , Kok Foong Loke
Published: December 2018

The use of hydraulic barriers in sanitary landfills has become an impeccable means of protecting the groundwater system from leachate. A question to be asked is, can these barriers continue to impede the migration of leachate over a long period? This paper investigates the phenomenon of leachate migration in compacted laterite soil used as liner in sanitary landfills. An experiment was carried out using laterite soil compacted at optimum moisture content using Standard Proctor energy. Leachate was poured on the compacted soil in an acrylic column and its migration was monitored using Digital Image Technique (DIT). The DIT capture photographic images at successive intervals of time which were fed through an image processing code to convert them to hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) format with the help of Surfer and Matlab computer softwares. Subsequently, PetraSim computer software was applied to predict the velocity behavior. The predicted velocity value shows that the laterite soil is compatible with the leachate and can be used as soil liner. The outcome of this study would enable designers to use non-destructive method to monitor and predict leachate migration in compacted soil liners to simulates leachate migration in waste containment applications.
Modeling for Distribution of Compressive Stress from Loading Platens in Diametrical Compression Test
Authors: Higashi Yukari , Yoshinaga Shinnosuke , Abdullah Rini Asnida , Tsutsumi Takashi
Published: December 2018

Diametrical Compression test is one of indirect tests to investigate the tensile strength of brittle materials. This test is spread because of easiness to perform. However, results from this test are not stable. Traditionally, calculations for this test are performed under a pair of opposite concentrated loading on the diameter of specimen. However, contact areas appear just before fracture of specimen in the fact and the stress distribution from loading platens is not obvious. It seems be one of reasons why the result from this test is not stable. In this study, the attempt to establish the modeling for distribution on loading platens in the diametrical compression test is shown. The aim of this modeling is to calculate stresses and displacement of specimen using complex stress function by Lekhnitskii. Therefore, this model is expanded in Fourier expansion. Accuracy of calculation using Fourier expansion depends on the number of terms. Therefore, the influence of contact area and number of terms to accuracy is also discussed.
GIS and Data Management of Champedak and Local Wisdom of Champedak Gardener, Satun Province
Authors: Tongkaw Aumnat , Tongkaw Sasalak
Published: December 2018

This research is a GIS application for data management of the Champedak local wisdom. Champedak is a kind of plant, farmed in Satun Province. This research is an application development which practices computer innovation technology to help proceed, develop ideas and improve the ecological operations relating to the resources in the area. The application is for collecting Champedak information associated with the sustainable genetic conservation of Champedak plants. This will assist to record primary information, including the location of the Champedak tree and the figure of Champedak trees in each particular garden. A website was designed as a research tool which can display, search, and update the Champedak information. The case study of this research is in Khuan Done District, Satun Province, a service area of Songkhla Rajabhat University. The assessment results of the four satisfaction aspects are the installation process and the understanding of the application, the overview of the application, the aspects the user interface, and the usability. The average is at the highest level. Also, this research is a guideline for the conservation of genetically engineered plants and other plants with GIS in the future.
The Influence of Segregation Size of Peat and Pre- Consolidation Pressure on the Effective Shear Strength Properties
Authors: Wahab Norhaliza , Abu Talib Mohd Khaidir
Published: December 2018

The degree of composition for peat soil in geotechnical engineering may affected the shear strength of the peat soil based on their types (sapric, hemic and fabric). The strength was affected by many factors such as its origin, water content, organic matter and arrangement of peat fibric. The aims of this paper was to investigate the influence of segregation peat sizes and preconsolidation pressure on the effective shear strength properties of reconstituted peat 1.000 mm (<RS1.00) and reconstituted peat 2.360 RS2.36). All the reconstituted peat samples were segregated through passing opening sieve size 1.00 mm and 2.36 mm with the aid of water to obtain homogeneous reconstituted peat slurry and were preconsolidated with 50 kPa, 80 kPa and 100 kPa pressure to obtain samples for triaxial tests. The Triaxial Consolidated Undrained Test was selected to test the shear strength properties of the reconstituted peat samples by using confining pressure 25 kPa, 50 kPa and 100 kPa. Both of the effective shear strength properties result such as cohesion and angle of friction obtained recorded <RS2.36 has higher strength than <RS1.00. The main factors that contribute to the differences shear strength value between two size reconstituted peats were segregation of peat size which affected by peat size (fiber size) and also pre-consolidation pressure applied which reduced the voids, water content and also improved the stiffness and strength of the specimen. All specimen and testing was conducted at RECESS, UTHM.
Application of Brillouin-based distributed optical fibre sensing technology to measure strain development of a slope model
Authors: Awang Ismail Dayangku Salma , Kassim Azman , Mohamad Hisham , Rashid Ahmad Safuan A. , Bunawan Aliff Ridzuan
Published: December 2018

For almost two decades, distributed optical fibre sensors are well-known for an alternative to conventional instrumentation in geotechnical engineering applications. However, the technology is yet to be fully implemented due to uncertainties of attachment method or the best way to deploy optical fibre for geo-structure health monitoring. Thus, a project of a 1g model of soil slope was intiated and was constructed with three layers of optical fibre that were horizontally embedded in the soil slope mass in order to observe strain development due to a surcharge load. The strain mobilizations were measured by using Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis (BOTDA) sensing system during the incremental loading on the slope crest until a failure feature had been initiated. The aim of study is to evaluate the development of horizontal strains from Brillouin-based optical fibre sensor subjected to soil slope deformation which lead to slope failures. The results showed that the measurands of optical fibre were highly accumulated at the position of 0.3m depth from the slope crest. The development of high strain at this position was because of soil-fibre interaction to the overburden imposed load in perpendicular direction of optical fibre placement. Therefore, it can be concluded that the optical fibre strain in the soil-strain field were well-responded to the particle soil movement. In addition, the significant trend of positive strain curves were illustrated when the soil was under compression due to external load from a surcharge load plus self-weight of the soil material.
Road traffic accidents on Senai-Desaru expressway
Authors: Mashros Nordiana , Hassan SittiAsmah , Haryati Yaacob , Ahmad Mohd Shahrir Amin , Samat Ismail , Che Puan Othman , Abdul Hassan Norhidayah , Mohd Yunus Nor Zurairahetty , Haron Zaiton
Published: December 2018

Understanding and prioritising crash contributing factors is important for improving traffic safety on the expressway. This paper aims to identify the possible contributory factors that were based on findings obtained from crash data at Senai-Desaru Expressway (SDE), which is the main connector between the western and eastern parts of Johor, Malaysia. Using reported accident data, the mishaps that had occurred along the 77.2 km road were used to identify crash patterns and their possible related segment conditions. The Average Crash Frequency and Equivalent Property Damage Only Average Crash Frequency Methods had been used to identify and rank accident-prone road segments as well as to propose for appropriate simple and inexpensive countermeasures. The results show that the dominant crash type along the road stretches of SDE had consisted of run-off-road collision and property damage only crashes. All types of accidents were more likely to occur during daytime. Out of the 154 segments, the 4 most accident-prone road segments had been determined and analysed. The results obtained from the analyses suggest that accident types are necessary for identifying the possible causes of accidents and the appropriate strategies for countermeasures. Therefore, this accident analysis could be helpful to relevant authorities in reducing the number of road accidents and the level of accident severity along the SDE.
A review on the application of the theory of critical distance towards concrete
Authors: Ahmad Shah Mohamad Shazwan , Noor Norhazilan , Kueh Ahmad Beng Hong , Tamin Mohd. Nasir
Published: December 2018

Theory of Critical Distance (TCD) is one of Fracture Mechanics numerical model that has gone through tremendous laboratory works and validation. Hence, it has been proven to be precise in broad perspectives in the field. Recently, TCD research related to fracture, especially fatigue on concrete are growing but the depth of study is still shallow and deficient compared to metal and steel. Thus, this made the fracture assessment in concrete obscures and governs by uncertainties. Previous efforts have managed to optimize TCD but the results only valid if the water-cement ratio of a concrete specimen in its optimum level. When the water-cement ratio is adjusted to a higher or lower from its optimum level, the output errors showed inconsistency as reported by Luca Susmel (2016). Therefore, this research aims to optimize the Theory of Critical Distance (TCD) by incorporating water-cement ratio and the interaction of microstructure matrix. The optimization involves few stages and finite element. If Theory of Critical Distance (TCD) can be improved by considering concrete’s additional element in its mathematical expression, it will definitely contribute to betterment in assessing concrete infrastructure around the globe.
Experimental Study on Fracture Energy of Foam Concrete at Different Notch Depth
Authors: Zamri Mohd Naqiuddin , Abd Rahman Norashidah , Mohd Jaini Zainorizuan , Ahmad Zulaikha , Azra Khairuddin Siti Amirah
Published: December 2018

Foamed concrete is lightweight concrete formulated from a mixture of concrete mortar and established foam. Generally foamed concrete is known for its low engineering properties. Many researchers had conducted studies and more focused on the physical and mechanical properties of foamed concrete without taking into account the behavior on its fracture energy. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of notch-to-depth ratio on fracture energy of foam concrete using three point bending testmethod. Beam specimens with V-notch were prepared at a densityof 1400kg/m3 and 1600kg/m3. Three different notch-to-depth ratios which were adopted at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5. Fracture energy was determined using Hillerborg, Bazant and Comitee euro International du Beton (CEB) models. From the experimental results, it was shown that fracture energy decreases asthe notch-to-depth ratio increases.
Time of concentration for large catchment based on hydrodynamic modelling
Authors: Abd Jalil Hassan , Sobri Harun , Tarmizi Ismail
Published: December 2018

Flood mitigation design requires accurate computation of discharge at any interest location to sustain the protection level. The design flood hydrograph generates from rainfall runoff model which used unit hydrograph method depends on the time of concentration (Tc) of the catchment. Common factors which influence Tc are the catchment properties including length, slope, soil properties and surface cover. However, when dealing with large catchment, more complex factors which also requires attention are the rainfall intensity, catchment wetness and initial water in the channel due to rain prior to the storm event. For large catchment, the travelling time which govern the Tc is more dominant in the channel rather than on the soil surface. Since water flowing in the river channel is unsteady and nonuniform, the use of Manning formula is inappropriate. This paper explains the application of hydrodynamic modelling approach to determine Tc for large catchment with long river channel. A hydrodynamic river model for Sg Relai, Kelantan with area of 460 km2 and covering 90 km distance was developed using InfoWorks ICM. Results shown that as the rain intensity increased, the travelling time will be shortened. The traveling time also reduce when initial water level in the channel increase which indicate that Tc will reduce if the catchment already received some rainfall prior to the storm event. Based on this analysis and results, the use of hydrodynamic model as part of the rainfall runoff model is significant for large catchment to handle complex factor such as wide range of rainfall intensity, spatial effect and catchment wetness.
Prediction of bed profile due to complexity of sediment properties in the channel
Authors: Salleh Mohd Zulkhairi Mat , Hasan Asmawati Che , Nasir Nazri , Ibrahim Zulkiflee , Ismail Zulhilmi , Jumain Mazlin
Published: December 2018

Numerous data on bed profile have been investigated yet the analysis to predict bed profile formation especially related to sediment properties are still insufficient. Objectives of this study to determine significant bed elevation profile pattern formed based on the complexity of sediment properties especially related to sediment size. The investigation is made by carried out a computer simulation of straight channel pattern with the fixed bank and movable sand bed. The study included the various hydraulic characteristics with steady flow rates and sediment properties. The simulations focus on three different sediment sizes with other variables namely channel size, flow rate and bed slope were kept constant. Analysis has included the discussion on a significant difference of bed elevation profile formed along the lateral and longitudinal distance. As a conclusion, the sediment size alone does not significantly change the bed elevation profile as its only gave minor effect to the bed profile changes.
Failure factors of Makkah’s mega construction projects: qualitative study
Authors: Al-Emad Nashwan , Abdul Rahman Ismail , Khan Humair
Published: December 2018

Makkah city in Saudi Arabia is the holiest place for all Muslims across the world due to the presence of Masjid Al-Haram where the “KAABA” is located. In the holy city of Makkah, mega construction projects are currently under construction to accommodate the increased numbers of pilgrims. These mega projects faced many impediments and challenges to be completed successfully. Hence, this paper presents an investigative study on failure factors of mega Makkah construction projects, particularly from the site management viewpoint. The insight issues are based on interview with senior manager having 15 years of working experiences in handling mega construction projects. The interview was carried out on open-ended mode where ample time was given to the respondent to express his experienced in handling Saudi’s construction projects. This study uncovered that 50 % of project failure is due to contractor, 30% is due to client/PMC (Project Management Consultant), 15% is due to supervision consultant and 5% is due external factors. It also identified 58 failure factors and clustered in 4 groups in which the group are Client Instigated Factors with 17 failure factors, Contractor Instigated Factors with 27 failure factors, Consultant Instigated Factors with 10 failure factors and External Instigated Factors with 4 failure factors. The findings are helpful for construction community as well as to researchers to understand the insightful issues engulfing construction projects in Makkah city.
Optimization of mechanical properties in foamcrete reinforced with raw oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber
Authors: Musa Mazlina , Othuman Mydin Azree , Abdul Ghani Abdul Naser
Published: December 2018

As Malaysia currently heading to biotechnology hub, it is expected that billions tons of palm oil by-products will be produced annually and normally been treated as waste disposal. A large amount of agricultural waste produced in the processing of palm oil is one of the main contributors to the environmental problem. This paper presents an experimental study on the development of the lightweight foamcrete with the inclusion of raw oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber. EFB fiber has potential to be developed as alternative fibers in fiber reinforcing concrete. The study was focused on 4 mechanical property parameters which were axial compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength and performance index. Three densities of lightweight foamcrete of 800, 1100 and 1400 kg/m3 were cast and tested. The ratio of cement, sand and water used in this study was 1:1.5:0.45. EFB fibers were used as additives at 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45%, 0.60% and 0.75% by volume of the total mix. The results obtained from the experiments had indicated that the flexural strength of foamcrete reinforced with raw oil palm EFB fiber at different percentages for 800, 1100 and 1400kg/m3 densities correspondingly. For all densities, 0.45% EFB fiber reinforced foamcrete contributed to highest flexural strength. Same pattern can be observed on the compressive and splitting tensile strengths. EFB fiber aid in precluding the promulgation of cracks in the plastic state when load was applied. When the lightweight foamed concrete expands under axial compression and splitting tensile loads which will lead to cracking, the crack has a restricted distance over which it can spread before reaching the EFB fiber, preventing the crack from growing further. EFB fibers which were randomly dispersed in the mix provide three dimension reinforcement compared to the traditional rebar which provides two dimension reinforcement.
Experimental investigation on engineering properties of lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) with coconut fiber addition
Authors: Mohd Zamzani Nabihah , Othuman Mydin Azree , Abdul Ghani Abdul Naser
Published: December 2018

In the last few years, there is emerging attention in using Lightweight Foamed Concrete (LFC) as a lightweight non-structural and semi-structural element in buildings to take advantage of its excellent insulation properties. Though, LFC has been noticed to have some disadvantages: considerable brittleness; results in low compressive and flexural strength, poor fracture toughness, poor resistance to crack propagation and low impact strength. Coconut fibre obtained from coconut husk, belonging to the family of palm fibres, is agricultural waste products obtained in the processing of coconut oil. In Malaysia, they are available in large quantities. Coconut fibre is extracted from the outer shell of a coconut. There are many general advantages of coconut fibres e.g. they are moth-proof, resistant to fungi and rot, provide excellent insulation against temperature and sound, not easily combustible, flame-retardant, unaffected by moisture and dampness, tough and durable, resilient, springs back to shape even after constant use, totally static free and easy to clean. Hence this study is intended to look into the potential of coconut fiber in enhancing the engineering properties of LFC. There are 5 engineering properties will be focused in this study which are flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, compressive strength, Poisson’s ratio and Poisson’s ratio toughness. Three densities of LFC of 800 kg/m3, 1100 kg/m3 and 1400 kg/m3 were cast and tested. The ratio of cement, sand and water used in this study was 1:1.5:0.49. Coconut fibers were used as additives at 0.12%, 0.24%, 0.36%, 0.48% and 0.60% by volume of the total mix. Test results indicated that the engineering properties of LFC strengthen with coconut fiber had increased soundly. Coconut fiber inclusion changes the post-peak response at the load-deflection curves for the samples, which modifies the failure mode and enhance the flexural strength, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength.
Influence of building shapes on thermal and energy performances in glass façade high-rise buildings: A review
Authors: Roslan Nurul Hidayah , Ismail Mohd Rodzi
Published: December 2018

A high demand of high-rise buildings in the construction industry is due to rapid urbanisation to cater for increasing population in the cities. Application of glass as a façade material becomes a trend in high-rise buildings construction due to its lightness that reduces the buildings’ dead load and at the same time increases the number of floors. However, this has become an issue as it contributes to the increase of urban heat island phenomena, global warming and causes thermal discomfort in tropical climate if it is not designed properly. This paper reviews the effects of building shape with different geometric factors (i.e. building orientation and window-to-wall ratio) on thermal comfort and energy performances in glass façade high-rise buildings, as well as discusses the solution or optimum range of the factors. The review provides an information about the most influential shape factors on buildings that a designer considers at the early design stage to optimise thermal comfort and reduce the building energy consumption.
First flush analysis of urban stormwater runoff from an urban catchment in Johor, Malaysia
Authors: Zuraini Noor Atiqah , Alias Noraliani , Mohamed Yusof Zainab , Hanapi Muhammad Nassir , Harun Sobri
Published: December 2018

An increase of pollutants that are present in the initial stage of stormwater runoff hydrograph compared to a later stage of runoff is defined as a first flush phenomenon. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of first flush from samples of urban stormwater runoff obtained from the grounds of a University in Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. In order to achieve the study’s objective; field investigations, manual sampling of urban stormwater runoff, laboratory testing and data analysis were carried out and the evaluation of the first flush phenomenon was calculated using concentration-based first flush (CBFF) and mass-based first flush (MBFF. A total of 90 stormwater samples were collected from six (6) rainfall events and were tested for total suspended solids (TSS). For each rainfall event, the pollutographs and the dimensionless curves of the cumulative pollutant mass versus the cumulative discharged volume were plotted. The first flush coefficient was also determined in order to evaluate the occurrence of first flush. The results indicated that the storm events demonstrated a weak presence of first flush.
Psychiatrische Komorbidität beim Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom
Authors: Mavrogiorgou Paraskevi , Kossmann Christian , Irawan Sarah , Lücke Thomas , Juckel Georg
Published: December 2018

Ziel Das Ullrich-Turner Syndrom (UTS) ist eine X-chromosomale Störung, deren klinische Symptomatik vielfältig und heterogen ist. Neuropsychiatrische Erkrankungen zählen jedoch nicht zu den typischen Komorbiditäten des Turner-Syndrom, allerdin gs liegen mittlerweile mehrere Berichte in Form von Einzellfalldarstellungen vor.

Methodik Anhand der Darstellung des Falls einer Patientin mit einem Turner-Syndrom und einer schizoaffektiven Störung werden mögliche Zusammenhänge und die dazu vorhandene Literatur diskutiert.

Schlussfolgerung Die gehäuften Berichte über das zusätzliche Auftreten einer psychotischen Symptomatik beim UTS legen einen Zusammenhang zwischen der X-chromosomalen Aberration und einer Erkrankungen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis nahe. Hinsichtlich der Komorbidität bedarf es jedoch einer allgemeingültigen nosologischen Kategorisierung, die auch eine weitere notwendige Forschungsaktivität erleichtern würde.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy is effective and safe in non-achalasia esophageal motility disorders: an international multicenter study
Authors: Khashab Mouen A. , Familiari Pietro , Draganov Peter V. , Aridi Hanaa Dakour , Cho Joo Young , Ujiki Michael , Rio Tinto Ricardo , Louis Hubert , Desai Pankaj N. , Velanovich Vic , Albéniz Eduardo , Haji Amyn , Marks Jeffrey , Costamagna Guido , Devière Jacques , Perbtani Yaseen , Hedberg Mason , Estremera Fermin , Martin Del Campo Luis A. , Yang Dennis , Bukhari Majidah , Brewer Olaya , Sanaei Omid , Fayad Lea , Agarwal Amol , Kumbhari Vivek , Chen Yen-I
Published: December 2018

Background and study aims The efficacy of per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in non-achalasia esophageal motility disorders such as esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO), diffuse esophageal spasm (DES), and jackhammer esophagus (JE) has not been well demonstrated. The aim of this international multicenter study was to assess clinical outcomes of POEM in patients with non-achalasia disorders, namely DES, JE, and EGJOO, in a large cohort of patients.

Patients and methods This was a retrospective study at 11 centers. Consecutive patients who underwent POEM for EGJOO, DES, or JE between 1/2014 and 9/2016 were included. Rates of technical success (completion of myotomy), clinical response (symptom improvement/Eckardt score ≤ 3), and adverse events (AEs, severity per ASGE lexicon) were ascertained.

Results Fifty patients (56 % female; mean age 61.7 years) underwent POEM for EGJOO (n = 15), DES (n = 17), and JE (n = 18). The majority of patients (68 %) were treatment-naïve. Technical success was achieved in all patients with a mean procedural time of 88.4 ± 44.7 min. Mean total myotomy length was 15.1 ± 4.7 cm. Chest pain improved in 88.9 % of EGJOO and 87.0 % of DES/JE (P = 0.88). Clinical success was achieved in 93.3 % of EGJOO and in 84.9 % of DES/JE (P = 0.41) with a median follow-up of 195 and 272 days, respectively. Mean Eckardt score decreased from 6.2 to 1.0 in EGJOO (P < 0.001) and from 6.9 to 1.9 in DES/JE (P < 0.001). A total of 9 (18 %) AEs occurred and were rated as mild in 55.6 % and moderate in 44.4 %.

Conclusion POEM is effective and safe in management of non-achalasia esophageal motility disorders, which include DES, JE, and EGJOO.
Management des Vestibularisschwannoms
Authors: Schulz Cordelia , Eßer Dirk , Rosahl Steffen , Baljić Izet , Kösling Sabrina , Plontke Stefan K.
Published: December 2018

Primäres Ziel der Behandlungsstrategie von Vestibularisschwannomen ist der Erhalt
bzw. die Optimierung der Lebensqualität unter bestmöglicher Erhaltung der
Nervenfunktionen. Einfluss auf das Management von Vestibularisschwannomen haben
in erster Linie Tumorgröße, Tumorlage, Wachstumstendenz, Alter und
Komorbiditäten sowie audiovestibuläre Symptome, d. h. Gleichgewichts- und
Hörstörungen.
Viel ist nicht immer gut – Polypharmakotherapie im
Alter
Authors: Sarkar Ramesch
Published: December 2018

Was ist (zu) viel? Von Polypharmakologie bzw. -pharmazie spricht man, wenn
mindestens fünf und mehr Medikamente verschrieben werden, was bei der Mehrzahl
der über 65-Jährigen der Fall ist. 1 In
Pflegeeinrichtungen liegt der Durchschnitt pro Patient bei 6,3 Medikamenten.
2 Im Alter steigt das Risiko, multimorbid
zu werden und an chronischen Krankheiten zu leiden. Somit nimmt die
medikamentöse Behandlung zu. Was ist (zu) viel? Kann man Medikamente ersatzlos
zu streichen? Welche altersspezifischen Probleme treten bei einer
Polypharmakotherapie auf? Welche Wechselwirkungen gibt es? Dieser Artikel
versucht aus Sicht eines Apothekers mögliche Antworten auf diese
pharmazeutischen Fragestellungen zu geben.
Die Integrative Validation nach
Richard®
Authors: Weigel Ulrike , Richard Monika
Published: December 2018

Wertschätzende Beziehungsgestaltung In der Zielsetzung des
Expertenstandards „Beziehungsgestaltung in der Pflege von Menschen mit Demenz“
steht die Person im Mittelpunkt. Der Blick geht weg von der Krankheit hin zum
Menschen mit Demenz als eigenständige Person. Die Methode der Integrativen
Validation (IVA) nach Richard® ist ein möglicher Weg, diesen
Perspektivwechsel mitzugestalten und die dafür nötige Haltung der an der
Versorgung von Menschen mit Demenz Beteiligten zu unterstützen.
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol bei Rhinosinusitis – erste
vorläufige Resultate
Authors: Haxel Boris
Published: December 2018

de Bonnecaze G et al. Functional outcome after long-term low-dose
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in chronic rhinosinusitis with purulence: a
prospective study. J Laryngol Otol 2018; 132: 600–604

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol gilt als eine alternative Behandlungsoption der
chronischen Rhinosinusitis. In einer prospektiven Studie wurden funktionelle
und endoskopische Ergebnisse nach einer dreimonatigen Behandlung mit der
niedrig dosierten Antibiotika-Kombination dokumentiert.
Hypopharynxkarzinom: OP nach Lokalrezidiv kann Überlebenschance verbessern
Authors: Külkens Christoph
Published: December 2018

Chu PH et al. To do or not to do: salvage management for hypopharyngeal cancer after chemoradiation therapy. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; doi:10.1007/s00405–018-5042–0

Hypopharynxkarzinome werden meist spät entdeckt und haben von allen Kopf-Hals-Tumoren die schlechteste Prognose. Hat sich eine Kombination aus Radiochemotherapie bislang als effektiv erwiesen, werden Bergungsoperationen nach Rezidiven aufgrund hoher Komplikationsraten noch diskutiert. Chu und Team haben nun mit einer retrospektiven Datenanalyse untersucht, wie sich Operationen nach Radiochemotherapie auf das Überleben auswirken.
Comparison of the quality of B-scan ultrasound in modern high-end devices
Authors: Merkel Daniel , Stahlheber Hannah , Chupina Victoria , Schneider Christoph
Published: December 2018

Purpose The quality of an ultrasound device’s B-scan mode is decisive in obtaining clear and informative images. High demands are placed upon ultrasound devices, particularly in cases where evidence of small lesions of parenchymal organs is being gathered.

Methods We tested the quality of the B-scan mode in ultrasound devices of 7 different manufacturers. We performed ultrasound examinations of 3 predefined abdominal sections on 4 healthy subjects with 7 different ultrasound devices. Documentation was compiled digitally by recording video sequences. Any characteristics identifying the manufacturer were removed. Subsequently, the sequences were organized into corresponding pairs. The resulting 252 video pairs were shown side by side to a panel of 10 experienced ultrasound examiners who evaluated the quality of the scans by way of direct visual comparison.

Results Two of the 7 devices were clearly judged to be of higher quality. In part, the differences in the overall evaluation and within the subgroups reached levels of statistical significance. The ranking of the tested devices did not correlate with their suggested retail prices.

Conclusion There are relevant differences in the quality of the B-scan mode of modern high-end devices. The suggested retail prices do not correlate with the B-scan quality of the ultrasound devices.
Kurze Wege zur Mundgesundheit in der stationären
Pflege
Authors: Küppers Axel
Published: December 2018

Mobile Praxis Ein Pilotprojekt in Kempen am Niederrhein trägt erste
Früchte. Eine Zahnärztin besucht regelmäßig die beiden Senioren-Stifte der
Stadt. Ihre mobile Praxis hat sie immer dabei. Dadurch wird die Vorsorge
optimiert, akute Schmerznotfälle treten kaum noch auf. Für die älteren Menschen
bedeutet der Service einen geringen Aufwand und Beistand im gewohnten
pflegerischen Umfeld. Das i-Tüpfelchen: Die Zahnärztin kann direkt vor Ort
röntgen. Das nachhaltige Konzept könnte Schule machen für andere
Einrichtungen.
Fallbeschreibung Polymedikation
Authors: Kriesten Ursula
Published: December 2018

Medikation und Biografie Im hier vorgestellten Fallbeispiel wird deutlich,
wie eng verwoben oft Lebensbiografie und Polypharmakotherapie bei alten Menschen
sind – abzulesen am Medikationsplan, der seit 2016 Patienten mit drei oder mehr
Medikamenten ausgestellt werden muss.
Nicht-Zöliakie-Gluten-/Weizen-Sensitivität (NCGS) – ein bislang nicht definiertes Krankheitsbild mit fehlenden Diagnosekriterien und unbekannter Häufigkeit
Authors: Reese Imke , Schäfer Christiane , Kleine-Tebbe Jörg , Ahrens Birgit , Bachmann Oliver , Ballmer-Weber Barbara , Beyer Kirsten , Bischoff Stephan , Blümchen Katharina , Dölle Sabine , Enck Paul , Enninger Axel , Huttegger Isidor , Lämmel Sonja , Lange Lars , Lepp Ute , Mahler Vera , Mönnikes Hubert , Ockenga Johann , Otto Barbara , Schnadt Sabine , Szepfalusi Zsolt , Treudler Regina , Wassmann-Otto Anja , Zuberbier Torsten , Werfel Thomas , Worm Margitta
Published: December 2018

In den letzten Jahren häuft sich die Nennung der Nicht-Zöliakie-Gluten-/Weizen-Sensitivität (NCGS, „non celiac gluten sensitivity“) sowohl in den Medien, aber auch in Fachkreisen. Die Existenz und die möglichen verantwortlichen Trigger werden kontrovers diskutiert. Drei internationale Expertentreffen mit Empfehlungen zur NCGS waren nicht unabhängig organisiert und wenig transparent bezüglich potenzieller Interessenkonflikte der Teilnehmer.

Die vorliegende Stellungnahme enthält wichtige Überlegungen aus allergologischer und ernährungsphysiologischer Sicht: (1) Aufgrund häufiger Selbstdiagnosen, unklarer Prävalenz und unbestätigter Ätiologie der NCGS sind validierte Diagnosekriterien und/oder verlässliche Biomarker notwendig. (2) Infolge hoher Nocebo- und häufiger Placebo-Effekte konnte Gluten bislang nicht sicher als Auslöser einer NCGS identifiziert werden. Doppelblinde, placebokontrollierte Provokationen (DBPCFC: double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge) sind bei Verdacht auf NCGS nur in modifizierter Form (verändertes Verhältnis von Placebo zu Verum) geeignet. (3) Zahlreiche Störgrößen (Confounder) erschweren die Bewertung subjektiver Symptome unter glutenarmer/-freier Kost. Letztere kann je nach Lebensmittelauswahl (z. B. vermehrt Gemüse mit löslichen Ballaststoffen) physiologische Verdauungseffekte bewirken und gastrointestinale Transitzeiten unabhängig vom Glutenverzicht verändern. (4) Streng glutenfreie Kost ist bei einer gesicherten Zöliakie wissenschaftlich begründet und unerlässlich. Bei einem medizinisch unbegründeten Glutenverzicht überwiegen jedoch potenzielle Nachteile und Risiken. (5) Aktuell kann wegen fehlender überzeugender Diagnosekriterien bei Verdacht einer NCGS ausschließlich eine sorgfältige Differenzialdiagnostik empfohlen werden. Hierzu gehören eine sorgfältige Anamnese, einschließlich eines Ernährungs- und Symptomtagebuchs, eine allergologische Diagnostik und ein sicherer Ausschluss einer Zöliakie.

Wir befürworten ein derartiges strukturiertes Vorgehen, da ohne eine medizinisch gesicherte Diagnose die Durchführung einer längeren Glutenkarenz nicht zu empfehlen ist.

Englische Fassung

http://link.springer.com/journal/40629
Successful medical treatment for a Crohn’s disease patient with a perforation by a second-generation patency capsule
Authors: Tanabe Hiroki , Ando Katsuyoshi , Ohdaira Hironori , Suzuki Yutaka , Konuma Ichiro , Ueno Nobuhiro , Fujiya Mikihiro , Okumura Toshikatsu
Published: December 2018

Background and study aims Symptomatic capsule retention is a very rare adverse event following patency capsule, and the vast majority of cases are resolved without either surgical or endoscopic intervention. We herein describe a rare case of small bowel perforation after swallowing a patency capsule in a 37-year-old man suspected of having Crohn’s disease.
Fragen Sie Ihren Arzt oder Apotheker? Gesundheitliche und juristische Aspekte des Konsums von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln aus dem Internet
Authors: Carlsohn Anja , Steinhorst Lars
Published: December 2018

Hintergrund Die Einnahme von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln (NEM) mit dem Ziel, den Gesundheitszustand zu verbessern, ist in Deutschland weit verbreitet, insbesondere bei Patienten mit entsprechenden Diagnosen, Älteren und Sportlern. Rechtsunsicherheiten und gesundheitliche Risiken, die speziell mit dem Interneteinkauf von NEM assoziiert sein können, sind in Deutschland wenig untersucht.

Ziel Ziel der Arbeit ist ein literaturbasierter Überblick über das gesundheitliche Gefährdungspotenzial, die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen sowie die Verbraucherinformationen von über den Internethandel bezogenen NEM.

Methodik Literaturrecherche (Pubmed) inklusive Reference-tracking (01/2017 – 01/2018) und Sichtung von Veröffentlichungen des Bundesinstituts für Risikobewertung und deutscher Verbraucherzentralen sowie überschlägige Sichtung der gesetzlichen Regelungen auf Bundes- und Länderebene und teilweise Gesetzesexegese.

Ergebnisse Patienten nutzen zunehmend das Internet zur gesundheitsbezogenen Information, wobei die persönliche, fachlich einschlägige Beratung zu Nutzen und Risiken eines Produkts in der Regel entfällt. Auf potenzielle Nebenwirkungen wird häufig nicht hingewiesen. Verunreinigungen mit toxischen Substanzen wie Schwermetallen oder Beimengungen von pharmakologischen Substanzen werden gehäuft bei als natürlich beworbenen NEM nachgewiesen und können ein erhebliches Gesundheitsrisiko darstellen. Im Gegensatz zu Arzneimitteln unterliegen NEM keiner behördlichen Zulassungspflicht, bei der die Unbedenklichkeit des Produkts überprüft wird. AthletInnen sollten das nicht unerhebliche Risiko positiver Dopingbefunde infolge einer NEM-Einnahme berücksichtigen. Derzeit sind 6 – 9 % der Dopingfälle auf NEM zurückzuführen.

Fazit ÄrztInnen wird empfohlen, ihre PatientInnen gezielt nach der Einnahme von NEM zu fragen, diese zu dokumentieren und in einen individuellen Substanzpass aufzunehmen. Bei AthletInnen sollte das Risiko dopingrelevanter Verunreinigungen in die individuelle Nutzen-Risiko-Analyse einbezogen werden.
Weizen ist nicht gleich Weizen: Rolle von Genetik und Umwelt für die Ausprägung spezifischer Merkmale
Authors: Longin Friedrich , Zimmermann Julia
Published: December 2018

Die Eigenschaften des fertigen Getreideprodukts im Einkaufskorb des Verbrauchers werden von einer ganzen Reihe an Einflussfaktoren bestimmt. Angefangen beim Anbau sind hier unter anderem die Wahl der Sorte, die Düngung oder das Klima von großer Bedeutung. Während des Mahlvorgangs dagegen nehmen die Mahlart des Korns, das Mischen verschiedener Sorten oder die Wahl der Mehltype, z. B. zwischen Auszugsmehl oder Vollkornmehl, großen Einfluss. Bei der Verarbeitung beim Bäcker bestimmen zusätzlich die verwendeten Rohstoffe, das gewählte Rezept, die verwendeten Zusatzstoffe und Enzyme sowie die Teigführung die spätere Beschaffenheit der Produkte.
Herstellung und Bewertung glutenfreier Brotsorten
Authors: Hermannseder Bernhard , Hitzmann Bernd
Published: December 2018

Glutenfreie Backwaren erfreuen sich einer immer größer werdenden Beliebtheit, nicht nur bei Zöliakie-Patienten. Allerdings übernimmt Gluten technologisch wichtige Funktionen im Brotteig und ist für die Verbrauchererwartung von Weizenbroten essentiell. Dieser Artikel zeigt die Schwierigkeiten bei der Herstellung qualitativ hochwertiger glutenfreier Backwaren und die verschiedenen Ansätze, den Einfluss des Glutens auf die Teigrheologie zu ersetzen.