bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PT Siantar Top Tbk's Strategy in Facing Competition in the Processed Food Industry
Authors: Harroviantin Francisca , Murhadi Werner R.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze what strategic choices the company can make in order to survive with the future situation. The key concept in this research is strategy formulation, where the quantitative method used includes industrial management steps applied by PT Siantar Top Tbk in facing processed food business competition. The results of research on the internal and external environment get the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges (SWOT) of PT Siantar Top Tbk. The SWOT analysis is then entered into several matrices, including EFE and IFE, CPM, TOWS, SPACE, BCG, IE, GSM, and QSPM. The final recommendation obtained is that the strategic choice of PT Siantar Top Tbk is to diversify product segments, and focus on expanding overseas markets by utilizing digital technology, optimizing e-commerce platforms to expand product range and reach a wider audience efficiently.
The Effect Of Transfer Pricing And Political Connections On Tax Avoidance With Profitability As A Moderating Variable
Authors: Kolondam Caroline Yoshe , Permatasari Intan Kurnia
Published: September 2024

Tax avoidance is an effort taken to reduce tax liabilities and maximize after-tax income that is carried out legally and safely for taxpayers because it does not conflict with tax provisions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of transfer pricing, political connections, on tax avoidance with profitability as a moderating variable in multinational companies in the manufacturing sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. The data obtained in this study come from the annual reports of multinational companies in the manufacturing sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. The data analysis technique used in this study was purposive sampling and obtained 66 companies with a research period of 5 years, namely 2018-2022 so that 330 samples were obtained. The analysis method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis and MRA. The results of this study indicate that the transfer pricing variable has a negative effect on tax avoidance but the transfer pricing variable has a positive effect on tax avoidance with moderating profitability, while political connections have no effect on tax avoidance even with moderating profitability.
Notaris sebagai Salah Satu Profesi Penunjang Pasar Modal Terkait Transaksi Saham Syariah Secara Sistem Elektronik
Authors: Hajayanti Unggul , Yusuf Chandra , Santosa Irwan
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Pada era digitalisasi, perkembangan industri Pasar Modal Syariah dapat terlihat dari munculnya beberapa instrument investasi syariah, seperti saham syariah yang transaksinya menggunakan Shariah Online Trading System (SOTS) yang dikembangkan oleh emiten syariah. Bagi setiap investor perlu untuk diketahui bagaimana sebuah SOTS sebagai media transaksi telah memenuhi legalitas dari lembaga pengawas Pasar Modal Syariah disertai dengan perlunya keterlibatan Notaris pasar modal dalam transaksi saham syariah secara sistem elektronik.
 
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis penerapan hukum dari proses transaksi saham syariah melalui SOTS dan peran Notaris di dalam mekanisme transaksi tersebut.
Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan cara studi kepustakaan hukum yang ditujukan pada peraturan tertulis.
Hasil: Hasilnya diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman dan informasi mengenai penerapan hukum dalam transaksi saham syariah melalui SOTS emiten syariah.
Kesimpulan: Pentingnya meluruskan pemahaman bahwa kewenangan atribusi yang dimiliki Notaris sebagai profesi penunjang dalam mensertifikasi transaksi saham syariah secara elektronik (cyber notary) bukan menerbitkan sertifikat elektronik melainkan sebagai otoritas pendaftaran permohonan sertifikat elektronik melalui proses verifikasi identitas pemohon dan autentikasi kontrak elektronik dan/atau dokumen elektronik sebagai bukti transaksi bagi pihak yang ingin berinvestasi saham syariah secara elektronik.
Rol de la Enfermera en Cuidados Intensivos desde un Enfoque Humanizado
Authors: Balón Lázaro Fátima de Lourdes , Pincay Pinargote Jhonny Armando , Alarcón Dalgo Carmen María de Los Ángeles
Published: September 2024

El artículo científico explora la función de la enfermería en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) desde una perspectiva centrada en la humanización, investigando cómo la atención empática y personalizada influye en la calidad del cuidado ofrecido en los entornos. La humanización en el ámbito sanitario enfatiza el reconocimiento de los pacientes como seres individuales, valorando su dignidad y abordando sus necesidades emocionales, además de sus condiciones clínicas. Se llevó a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura junto con un análisis cualitativo de la práctica en UCI para identificar las estrategias que promueven un enfoque humanizado. Se analizaron elementos como la comunicación efectiva con los pacientes y sus familias, la participación activa de los pacientes en la toma de decisiones, y la atención a sus necesidades emocionales y psicológicas. Los hallazgos muestran que las enfermeras juegan un papel esencial en la implementación de un cuidado humanizado a través de la empatía, la atención individualizada y la comunicación clara, el enfoque no solo mejora la experiencia del paciente y sus familiares, sino que también se traduce en mejores resultados clínicos y una mayor satisfacción por parte del paciente. El estudio subraya la relevancia de incorporar principios de humanización en la formación y práctica profesional de la enfermería en UCI. Las conclusiones ofrecen recomendaciones para fortalecer la capacitación en habilidades comunicativas y empáticas, así como para promover un entorno de cuidado que respete y apoye de manera integral a los pacientes en estado crítico.
Exploring the use of Information System Management in Ugandan Prisons
Authors:   School of Mathematics and Computing, Kampala International University, Uganda, Moses Odeke , Peter Mubangizi ,   School of Mathematics and Computing, Kampala International University, Uganda, Benson Rwabwere ,   School of Mathematics and Computing, Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: September 2024

The article explores the prison management information system in Uganda prisons. The article revealed that the management of prisons in Uganda is still poor due to the manual structure of the processes. However,the system has the scope to be developed as a distributed application where each implementation of PMS in different prisons can be connected and communicate with each other worldwide. In such a scenario a person sitting in Uganda can access the data of different prisons in and outside Uganda. This will make the whole system highly centralized as well as well connected. Most importantly, it will provide the end user who has the necessary security clearance a single portal where he/she can access prison records from all major prisons in Uganda where the PMS would be deployed thus making it a truly practical deployable application that can be used in prisons all over Uganda and other countries. Keywords: Automation, Database, ICT, Prison information management, Prison system
Balancing Visionary Leadership and Effective Management: Key Attributes, Practices, and Synergy for Organisational Success
Authors:   Faculty of Business and Management Kampala International University Uganda, Nakitende Phionah H.
Published: September 2024

In the dynamic corporate landscape, the integration of visionary leadership and effective management was pivotal for achieving sustainable organizational success. Visionary leaders anticipate future challenges and inspire their teams with compelled visions, fostering creativity and flexibility. Effective management translates these visions into actionable strategies, ensuring meticulous execution. This balance was crucial for navigating complex, everchanging markets. Case studies of companies like Apple and Tesla demonstrated the power of combining strategic foresight with practical management. However, many organizations struggle to find this balance, leading to issues such as strategic misalignment and poor implementation. This study examined the key attributes, practices, and synergies between visionary leadership and effective management, proposing strategies to achieve a harmonious balance that drives innovation and competitive advantage. Keywords: Visionary Leadership, Effective Management, Organizational Success, Strategic Alignment, Innovation Ethical Leadership
The Role of AI and Automation in Enhancing Customer Support: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors:   Faculty of Business and Management Kampala International University Uganda, Mwikali Helen K.
Published: September 2024

The amalgamation of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation in customer service was swiftly progressing, offering substantial prospects with unique hurdles. AI-driven technologies, including chatbots and generative AI, were improving customer engagement by providing 24/7 support, decreasing response times, and facilitating customised interactions. Nevertheless, lingering worries around the possibility of AI delivering inaccurate data and anxieties about job displacement remain. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation in customer care, examine customer happiness, and analyse the challenges associated with integrating AI. Employing a mixed-methods approach provided a thorough comprehension of the influence of AI on customer service. AI enhances operational efficiency and handles routine queries, but it is essential to maintain a harmonious combination of AI and human interaction to manage complicated and emotionally sensitive matters effectively. Ensuring ethical concerns, continuous training, and regular system upgrades were crucial for maximising the advantages of AI in customer service. Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI), Automated Conversational Agents, Efficiency in Operations, Employment Disruption, Ethical Considerations.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Bisnis Sampah Rumah Tangga Pada Kelompok Bank Sampah Tunas Sejahtera Kota Blitar
Authors: Puspitorini Palupi , Purwatiningsih Rini , Sunandes Aris
Published: September 2024

Since the establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015, sustainability issues in the economic and social sectors have gained significant attention. The Indonesian government is committed to restoring the national economy to a better state than before the pandemic by transitioning towards a green or circular economy. The circular economy aims to maximize the utility and added value of raw materials, components, and products to reduce waste. According to the 2022 data from the National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN), 34.29% (7.2 million tons) of the 21.1 million tons of national waste remain unmanaged. Collaborative efforts between central and regional governments continue to implement effective waste management policies based on circular economy principles. The methods employed in this program include training and mentoring in processing organic and inorganic waste into marketable products, information management training, business management enhancement, human resources training, and collaboration with other waste banks. The results indicate an increase in the production capacity of the Tunas Sejahtera Waste Bank from 300 kg to 1 ton per month. Training in management and marketing has also improved operational efficiency and expanded market reach, thereby increasing revenue and enhancing the circular economy's impact
Learning Human Reproductive System with Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) Approach for Grade 6 Students at State Elementary School 011 Sangatta Selatan
Authors: Resti Novia Rahayu  , Farida Catur Wahyu Anggriyani
Published: September 2024

This study aims to examine in depth the effectiveness of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach in learning the human reproductive system for grade 6 students at SDN 011 Sangatta Selatan. The CTL approach was chosen because it can relate learning material to the context of students' daily lives, so it is expected to increase students' understanding and involvement in learning. The research method used was qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The results showed that the implementation of the CTL approach not only improved students' understanding, but also motivated them to be more active in the learning process. The findings suggest that the CTL approach is effective in improving the quality of biology learning in elementary schools
Utilization of Local Food as a Business Opportunity in Karangjatianyar Village Wonorejo Pasuruan
Authors: Miftahillah Miftahillah , M. Mujib Utsmani  , Faizatul Ilmiah
Published: September 2024

Utilization of local food in the economic crisis is a concept in the economic field that prioritizes human resources who have knowledge and creative ideas as a strategy to advance the community's economy. There are problems in Karangjatianyar Village residents such as unemployment, one of which is due to layoffs (Termination of Employment), the work program chosen is the utilization of local food as a new business opportunity in the economic crisis, namely increasing economic efforts by utilizing sweet corn processed into JaSuKe, utilizing Cassava plants so as to increase economic efforts by making Cassava chips, home businesses utilizing spicy dried noodles, tomato cultivation to improve the economy in the economic crisis. This work program involves cooperation between the village head, household heads, Cassava chip business owners, noodle home business owners, and tomato plant cultivation owners as well as local residents. With the efforts made in Karangjatianyar Village, it is hoped that it can continue to be developed by local residents to help improve the economy.
Implementation of the Madrasah Digital Reporting Application (RDM) in Reporting Evaluation of Learning Outcomes at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Sabilal Muhtadin Maroangin in Puncak Village, Sinjai Selatan District
Authors: Syamsiah Hasyim  , Sitti Fatimah  , Usnidah Umar  , Susi Susi
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the implementation of the Madrasah Digital Report Card Application (RDM) in evaluating learning outcomes at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Sabilal Muhtadin Maroangin, Puncak Village, South Sinjai District. Qualitative descriptive method was used with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation of RDM provides convenience in evaluating learning outcomes, including filling in grades, archiving, and printing student grades. Assessment indicators show that RDM in the madrasah is in accordance with existing guidelines and SOPs, with good planning preparation, efficient assessment implementation by educators, and effective digital reporting. This research is expected to increase understanding of the implementation of RDM in the context of madrasah education.
The Effectiveness of E-Goverment Implementation in Improving Public Services at the Sinjai Regency Communication, Information and Standardization Office
Authors: Syamsiah Hasyim  , Mukrimah Mukrimah , Muhlis Hajar Adiputra  , Nurfadillah Nurfadillah
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of e-government implementation in improving public services at the Sinjai Regency Information and Coding Communication Office. The research method utilized is qualitative, employing a descriptive approach. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. Informants included the Head of the Sinjai Regency Information and Coding Communication Service, the Head of Application and Informatics, the Head of Public Relations, and the Head of Public and Community Information and Communication. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of e-government implementation in enhancing public services at the Sinjai Regency Information and Coding Communication Office is not yet optimal. This conclusion is based on three indicators: 1) Goal achievement is insufficient, as the targets for smart village initiatives have not been met, and various obstacles remain; 2) The integration and socialization process is inadequate, with many community members still unaware of the e-government implementation; 3) Adaptation is relatively effective, evidenced by the establishment of a website that serves community needs and facilitates public access to information and complaint submissions through technology, eliminating the need for in-person visits. This study is intended to serve as a reference and theoretical comparison for future researchers and to provide the public with insights into the effectiveness of e-government implementation in improving public services at the Sinjai Regency Information and Coding Communication Office.
Effectiveness of Supervision of 3 Kg LPG Gas Distribution by the Trade, Industry and ESDM Office of Kabupaten Sinjai
Authors: Yudiarti Nur  , Muhammad Suyuti  , Abdul Ganie Gaffar  , Reski Reski
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of supervision of the distribution of 3 Kg LPG gas by the Department of Trade, Industry and ESDM of Kabupaten Sinjai. The type of research is qualitative. Data collection techniques are interviews, observations, and. The informants used were LPG gas agents, base owners, end consumers, the head of the trade analysis division of the Kabupaten Sinjai Trade Office. The analysis research used in this qualitative research is an interactive analysis technique by means of data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of the study concluded that the Effectiveness of Supervision of the Distribution of 3 Kg LPG Gas by the Department of Industry Trade and ESDM of Kabupaten Sinjai in achieving goals is still less effective, as well as Integrity in supervision is still less effective, while adaptation in supervision is quite good, but the inhibiting factor in the distribution of subsidized 3 Kg LPG gas cylinders is because the base uses an open system in distributing 3 kg LPG gas.
The Impact of Antibiotic Awareness on Usage Among University Students in Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Zia Ur Rahman Zia  , Farkhunda Khodayar  , Hadia khodayar  , Tamanna Quraishi
Published: September 2024

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant global health challenge, exacerbated by inappropriate self-medication practices. This study explores the level of awareness and practices concerning antibiotic use among university students in Afghanistan. The research aimed to evaluate university students' knowledge of antibiotic resistance, their self-medication behaviors, and overall understanding of appropriate antibiotic use. The goal was to identify gaps in knowledge and inform strategies for educational interventions. An online survey was administered via Google Forms to 150 students from various provinces in Afghanistan. Participants were selected to represent a diverse geographical distribution, including Kabul (35.71%) and seven other provinces. The survey assessed participants' knowledge about antibiotics, awareness of resistance risks, and self-medication practices. The survey results indicated a moderate level of awareness about antibiotic resistance among students. Despite this, many students reported engaging in self-medication. Knowledge deficiencies were observed regarding the proper use of antibiotics and the implications of resistance. The study found significant variability in understanding, with some students showing high confidence while others lacked basic knowledge. The study underscores the need for targeted educational programs to improve awareness and correct misconceptions about antibiotics among university students. Addressing these knowledge gaps is essential for promoting responsible antibiotic use and combating resistance. Future research should evaluate the impact of such educational interventions on altering self-medication behaviors and enhancing antibiotic stewardship.
Educational Administration System in Improving the Quality of Education
Authors: Sakirman Sakirman , Andrinata Andrinata
Published: September 2024

In the implementation of Education that takes place in schools, teachers play a very significant role. In this case, it describes the results of research in one of the educational institutions at Madrasah Aliyah Yaqin Pemondah, the importance of the educational administration system to be implemented as one of the benchmarks for the quality of education, especially in the teaching and learning process, but in its implementation it is still not optimal. This study aims to answer the problem of the educational administration system in improving the quality of education by using descriptive qualitative research. The results of this study indicate that it is necessary to organize the educational administration system to improve the quality of education, including (1) management of the teaching and learning process, (2) evaluation plans (3) curriculum management, (4) management of personnel, (5) management of facilities (6) financial management, (7) student services, (8) cooperation in relations with the community, and (9) a conducive academic climate in the madrasah.
Guía general de estudio de la asignatura Comunicación oral y escrita
Authors:   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Vicente León, Molina Sáenz Diana Nataly
Published: September 2024

La asignatura pretende desarrollar un sistema de comunicación verbal y escrito, de convenciones y reglas gramaticales, con el propósito que los futuros profesionales puedan adquirir solvencia en la redacción de ensayos e informes técnicos dentro del campo administrativo. Además, estimula el uso correcto de las habilidades de comunicación verbal y paraverbal. La mencionada asignatura es fundamental en el intercambio de información, procedimientos, conocimientos y actitudes, pues, ayuda a que el estudiante pueda potenciar sus habilidades y descubrir otras en el proceso de la comunicación.
Guía general de estudio de la asignatura Métodos estadísticos para la toma de decisiones
Authors:   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Vicente León, Villacís Mora Ximena Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

La presente guía está diseñada para que los estudiantes puedan comprender y dominar los fundamentos de la estadística. La estadística es una disciplina esencial en numerosos campos, desde la ciencia hasta los negocios, y esta guía les proporcionará un enfoque claro y efectivo para su estudio. Además, permite contrastar las técnicas de tratamiento y análisis de datos mediante cálculos estadísticos y la aplicación de los modelos básicos de regresión a los problemas económicos, financieros y sociales.
Checklist de Asteraceae na Baixada Cuiabana, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Bucci Gabriel de Camargo , Coutinho Thales Silva , Pessoa Edlley Max
Published: September 2024

Asteraceae é uma das maiores famílias de Angiospermas, possuindo grande importância ecológica, econômica e cultural. A região da Baixada Cuiabana, em Mato Grosso, abriga uma lacuna no conhecimento taxonômico sobre a flora. O objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar um checklist de Asteraceae nesta região. Os 14 municípios na Baixada Cuiabana foram amostrados. Foram analisadas fisicamente amostras do herbário UFMT, e virtualmente, espécimes depositados em outros acervos. Foram examinados 992 espécimes coletados entre 1827 e 2023 na área. Chapada dos Guimarães, Cuiabá e Poconé foram os municípios mais coletados. Quanto à riqueza, registraram-se 186 espécies e 107 gêneros de Asteraceae. Destas, 140 espécies são nativas, e 46 são exóticas. Vernonieae (58 spp.) e Eupatorieae (48 spp.) foram as tribos mais representadas entre as nativas. Apresentamos 60 novos registros para o estado. Os municípios inseridos no Cerrado apresentaram maior diversidade de espécies, já o Pantanal, embora extensivamente coletado, mostrou uma diversidade menor.
Caracterização anatômica e histoquímica de etnoespécies medicinais de cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale L. - Anacardiaceae)
Authors: Balbino Laura Patrícia Reis , Da Silva de Lima Leomar , Cury Graziela
Published: September 2024

Anacardium occidentale L., conhecida como cajueiro, devido à produção do seu fruto, o caju, além de sua importância para a fruticultura e outros fins comerciais, é também utilizado para fins medicinais, principalmente pela população tradicional. Dentro da espécie, são classificadas três etnoespécies, o cajueiro comum, o cajueiro vermelho e o cajueiro roxo sendo que, na literatura, observa-se que apenas os dois últimos são utilizados como medicinais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características anatômicas de folhas e casca do tronco do cajueiro comum, vermelho e roxo, bem como verificar compostos químicos presentes que possam proporcionar tal diferenciação. Os resultados apresentaram poucas diferenças em relação à estrutura anatômica, mas a presença de substâncias foi diferenciada entre as três etnoespécies. Com isso, novos estudos farmacológicos, devem ser realizados com a intenção de indicar se uma etnoespécie teria uma maior eficiência medicinal que a outra.
The Urban Superintendent: Creating Great Schools While Surviving on the Job
Authors: Harvey James
Published: September 2024

This report on a colloquium of veteran superintendents offers advice to newcomers.
Histopathologic Analysis of Gastrointestinal Tract Polypoidal Lesions in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Chalise Sanat , Hirachan Suspana , Pradhan Sailesh
Published: September 2024

Introduction Gastrointestinal tract polyps lesions are commonly encountered lesions in histopathological examination. It is necessary to examine these polyps and to determine its nature for the management of patient.
MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the Pathology Department of Kathmandu Medical College from January 2023 to July 2023 after obtaining ethical clearance. The study included all gastrointestinal tract polyps or polypoidal lesions identified endoscopically or colonoscopically, biopsied, and received for histopathological analysis.
ResultsAmong 96 polyps examined, 58 (60.4%) were seen in males and 38 (39.6%) were seen in female. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 89 years, with a mean age of 45 years. Most of the polypoidal lesions were less than 1 cm in size (76 cases, 79.1%). Colon (54 cases, 56.2%) was the most common site followed by the stomach (22 cases, 23.0%). Of the polypoidal lesions, 66(68.8%) were non-neoplastic polyps, while 30(31.2%) were neoplastic. Tubular adenoma with low-grade dysplasia was the most common polyp identified in the colon (17 cases, 17.8%). Hyperplastic polyps were the most common type overall (19 cases, 19.8%), stomach being the most frequent site (13 cases, 13.6%).
ConclusionA wide range of histological types of polypoidal lesions were found in the gastrointestinal tract. The most frequent occurrence was in the colon, and the majority were non-neoplastic in nature.
Clinico-Radiological Presentation and Outcome of Brain Abscess in Congenital Cyanotic Heart Disease
Authors: Sedain Gopal , Bohara Sandeep , Shrestha Dipendra Kumar , Pradhanang Amit Bahadur , Shilpakar Sushil Krishna , Sharma Mohan Raj
Published: September 2024

Introduction Patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease (CCHD) are at increased risk of developing brain abscesses. Having a brain abscess is itself a risk for the patient and concomitant cyanotic heart disease makes it a double jeopardy. The management of brain abscesses depends on the size, number, stage, and location of the abscess and can be medical and surgical.
MethodsThis retrospective chart review was conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal of patients treated between January 2018 and December 2022. Demographic and clinical profiles, imaging studies, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analyzed.
ResultsOut of 17 patients, 11 were males and six were females. The mean age of the study population was 13.41±11.08 years. The most common associated cardiac problem was Tetralogy of Fallot seen in six (35.3%) patients and the most common abscess site was the parietal lobe (38%). The most common presenting symptom was vomiting, seen in 76%. Twelve patients underwent burr hole and aspiration and 17.6% of patients underwent surgical excision of the abscess wall whereas 11.7% of the patients were managed conservatively. Positive culture was seen in 33.3%. S. aureus was the most common organism grown. There was no mortality.
ConclusionMajority of patients were male with Tetralogy of Fallot as the most common associated congenital cardiac condition. Most of the patients were managed with Burr hole and abscess aspiration with re-aspiration in three patients. Suspicion of brain abscess should be high in patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease.
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Cancer Patients
Authors: Neupane Suchita , Gautam Roshani , Sharma Sujan , Shrestha Lava
Published: September 2024

Introduction Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is common among cancer patients with the hope to manage symptoms arising from the cancer related treatment or to improve the quality of life. In this study, we aimed to describe various CAM practices among cancer patients.
MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data was collected from cancer patients attending in out-patient department of Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital with a structured questionnaire. The collected data and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.
ResultsThe use of CAM was found in 40.7% (37/91) of the studied cancer patients. Among them, Ayurveda 18 (56.2%) was the most common type of CAM used. Among CAM users, the most common reason for using CAM was to reduce side effects of cancer related treatment (22, 59.4%). The majority of the respondents 33 (89.1%) were satisfied with CAM use. Only 14 (37.8%) of respondents consulted with their doctor about the initiation of CAM use. Gynecological cancer 38 (41.7%) was the most common site of cancer seen among the respondents followed by respiratory 18 (19.7%) and gastro-intestinal 17 (18.6%) respectively. Twenty eight (30.8%) of the respondents were in the third stage of cancer.
ConclusionLess than half of the cancer patients were using CAM, Ayurvedic medicine being the most common form. Majority of the users were satisfied with CAM use. Further studies on potential risk and benefits associated with CAM therapy is needed as its use has been increasing.
Clinical Profile of Leprosy in Post-elimination Era in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Gurung Tsering Dolma , Chapagain Laxman , Paudel Upama
Published: September 2024

Introduction Leprosy is a chronic disease that primarily affects peripheral nerves and skin. It has a long incubation period and clinical presentations are variable leading to deformities and social stigma. Leprosy was eliminated in Nepal in 2010 AD. This study was undertaken to determine the demographic and clinical profile of Leprosy in the past three years.
MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Records of all the newly diagnosed leprosy patients attending the Out-Patient Department from April 2021 to March 2023 were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed.
ResultsThere were 109 newly diagnosed leprosy cases among which majority were males. The maximum clinical diagnosis was lepromatous leprosy and 100 (91.74%) cases were multibacillary. Type 1 lepra reaction was seen in 11 (10.09%) patients and 12 (11%) patients had type 2 lepra reaction. Slit skin smear was positive in 75 (68.80%) patients. On clinical examination, peripheral nerves were palpable in 92 (84.4%)  patients with ulnar nerve being the most common  palpable peripheral nerve.  Type 1 deformity was present in 55 (50.45%) patients and 18 (16.51%) patients had type 2 deformity. Claw hand was the most common type 2 deformity observed.
ConclusionThough leprosy has been eliminated in Nepal, there are still considerable cases of Leprosy. Higher number of cases with multibacillary disease and increasing number of Lepra reaction is an alarming sign.
High-rate Deposition of Crystalline TiHfN Ultra-thin Films by Closed-field Dual-cathode DC Unbalanced Reactive Magnetron Sputtering without External Substrate Heating
Authors: Phae-ngam Wuttichai , Prathumsit Jedsada , Gitgeatpong Ganatee , Chaikeeree Tanapoj , Bodinthitikul Nutdanai , Lertvanithphol Tossaporn , Horprathum Mati , Jutarosaga Tula
Published: September 2024

High deposition rate titanium hafnium nitride (TiHfN) ultra-thin film deposition was successfully prepared by closed-field dual-cathode DC unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering. All prepared films were polycrystalline. The morphology and atomic composition of the TiHfN ultra-thin film were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The columnar structure could be promoted by increasing the deposition time. Lastly, the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity was investigated by Rhodamine 6G (R6G) drop-dried TiHfN ultra-thin film surface. The TiHfN ultra-thin films deposited at 20 s were found to have a high SERS activity, whose detection of R6G molecule at 10-5 M. The result could open preliminary studies on ternary transition metal nitride (TTMN) thin films for the alternative plasmonic sensors as SERS chips.
Evolution Pattern of Land Subsidence Using InSAR Time-Series Analysis in Bangkapi, Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Pumpuang Angkana , Aobpaet Anuphao
Published: September 2024

Subsidence in Bangkok has occurred continuously for a long time. This research applied radar satellite imagery (Sentinel-1 101 images, 2017–2022) to track land subsidence using the time series INSAR technique. The study area was in the Bang Kapi area in Bangkok, which has a high level of cumulative subsidence. The pattern of cumulative subsidence change was analyzed using the standard deviation ellipse (SDE) technique. The results showed that the Bang Kapi area had the highest cumulative subsidence in 2019 (-125.31 mm). The movement of the subsidence center changed every year in different directions with three patterns identifiable. The first pattern showed the evolution of subsidence in a northeast-southwest direction, the second pattern showed subsidence evolution in a northwest-southeast direction, and the third pattern presented evolution that did not appear to be in any specific direction. The size of the subsidence area in 2017 and 2022 increased, whereas between 2018 and 2021, the subsidence area decreased compared to other years during the research period.
Comparative Study: Extraction Conditions and Antioxidant and Antibacterial activities of Gracilaria fisheri
Authors: Patthamasopsakul Ratchakrich , Songsak Thanapat , Kunaratnpruk Supachai , Sucontphunt Apirada
Published: September 2024

Gracilaria fisheri (G. fisheri), sourced from the southern region of Thailand and recognized for its sulfated polysaccharides with diverse health benefits, underwent extraction under varying conditions by adjusting the ratio of water to ethanol and the duration of maceration. Six extraction conditions were systematically investigated, and their yields of extraction, sulfate content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity were compared. Among the conditions examined, the extraction utilizing solely water for a duration of 2 hrs. yielded the highest quantity (7.20±0.99 g) and highest sulfate content (215.86±2.67 µg/10 mg of crude extract). Furthermore, this extraction exhibited superior antioxidant activity as evidenced by the lowest IC50 values in DPPH (4.75±0.05 µg/mL) and ABTS (31.75±0.22 µg/mL) assays. Additionally, the extracts (10 mg/mL) manifested significant efficacy in inhibiting the growth of both Staphylococcus aureus (16.28±4.75 mm) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.33±3.27 mm) in comparison with the standard antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (5 µg), which exhibited inhibition zone diameters of 20.47±0.70 mm (Staphylococcus aureus) and 30.91±0.80 mm (Staphylococcus epidermidis). In conclusion, the most effective method for extracting G. fisheri is to solely utilize water for a duration of 2 hrs.
Phytochemical Content, Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Gymnema inodorum Extracts
Authors: Phanjaroen Titi , Haideri Muhammad Hassnain , Khiaolaongam Wiritphon , Somsak Voravuth , Boonyapranai Kongsak , Ounjaijean Sakaewan
Published: September 2024

The prevention of hyperglycemia and diabetic complications is essential for diabetes management. Chronic hyperglycemia accelerates the glycation process, increasing advanced glycation end products (AGEs), triggering oxidative stress, and inflammation, thereby causing adverse diabetic complications. Anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties are described for Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) and Gymnema inodorum (GI). With the hypothesis that combined therapy may exert better benefits compared to monotherapy, this study aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities of combined GP and GI formulas.  Plants were extracted with hot water extraction and subjected to testing of anti-α-glucosidase and antioxidant activities, as well as total phenolic content. The extract formula of GP:GI (1:1, w/w) exhibited the highest total phenolic content, and ABTS radical scavenging activity, with values of 4.16 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g extract and 5.06 ± 0.46 mg TE/g extract, respectively. In addition, the combination of GP and GI extracts at ratios of (1:1, w/w) and (2:1, w/w) demonstrated inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, reducing its activity by 30.40% and 34.04%, respectively. This property was found to be higher, compared to the activity of a single GP or GI treatment at the same concentration. Thus, results indicated that combining aqueous extracts from Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Gymnema inodorum has better antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. This study supports the use of a combined GP:GI formula as a therapeutic remedy for controlling complications in individuals with hyperglycemia.
Optimizing Lung Cancer Diagnosis with Machine Learning and Feature Selection Methods
Authors: Pechprasarn Suejit , Suechoey Nichapha , Pholtrakoolwong Nutchareeya , Tanedvorapinyo Pattaraporn , Toboonliang Yanisa
Published: September 2024

Lung cancer is a prevalent disease, with nearly 238,000 new cases diagnosed in 2023. This study utilizes clinical predictors from a Kaggle dataset containing 309 observations across 15 variables to aid in lung cancer diagnosis. The variables include swallowing difficulty, peer pressure, gender, allergy, yellow fingers, anxiety, wheezing, alcohol consumption, chronic disease, chest pain, coughing, fatigue, smoking, age, and shortness of breath. The research aims to develop and compare various supervised machine learning models for classifying and predicting lung cancer, while also identifying key clinical tests and parameters using unsupervised statistical models. The dataset was divided into training and test sets, balanced, and preprocessed for unbiased training. Feature selection and machine learning models were applied to identify crucial predictors. The study explored tree models, logistic regression, Naïve Bayes, support vector machine (SVM), ensemble, neural network, and kernel models. Among these, the linear SVM achieved the highest accuracy of 93.75% with 5-fold cross-validation. However, it showed overfitting, with a lower test accuracy of 82.55%. The Gaussian Naïve Bayes model emerged as the optimal choice, providing consistent performance between validation and test cases. It achieved the highest cross-validation classification accuracy of 82.81% using only 9 variables: swallowing difficulty, peer pressure, gender, allergy, yellow fingers, anxiety, wheezing, alcohol consumption, and chronic disease. This model allows for effective training with fewer predictors without compromising classification
Stem cells of Impatiens tinctoria A.Rich tuber and antioxidant activity of their extracts
Authors: Gidamo Gizachew Haile
Published: September 2024

The use of plant stem cell extracts as active ingredients in cosmetic formulations has gained popularity recently, highlighting the need to establish Impatiens tinctoria A. Rich in vitro cultures in order to prepare bioactive stem cell extracts. This study is aimed at establishing cell suspension culture and evaluates the antioxidant activity of the stem cell extract. In order to initiate callus and cell suspension cultures, tuber explants were inoculated onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 2,4-D (0.5–2 mg/L) and BAP (0–2 mg/L). Optimal hormone concentrations of 2 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/L BAP were sufficient to produce callus. The obtained callus was utilized as the inoculum to start a cell suspension culture for the production of stem cell extracts. High biomass accumulation was obtained at 30 g/L sucrose concentration and 6g inoculum size. The stem cell extract had a total phenolic content of 4.6 µgGAE/mL and a flavonoid content of 190.96 µgQE/mL. DPPH scavenging activity of 95.82% and the IC50 value of 37.54 µg/mL was detected for the stem cell extract. The study indicated that the suspension cultures of I. tinctoria A. Rich have the potential to produce stem cell extracts with increased flavonoids content and antioxidant activity.
Physicochemical Properties, Heavy Metal and Pesticide Contaminations, and Microbial Limit Tests of Cannabis Oral Drops
Authors: Chankana Natawat , Monton Chaowalit , Leelawat Surang , Songsak Thanapat , Saingam Worawan , Madaka Fameera , Maha Athip , Pathompak Pathamaporn
Published: September 2024

Cannabis, a medicinal herb renowned for its therapeutic potential, is utilized in the treatment of various ailments, including the stimulation of appetite in cancer patients. In Thailand, the predominant dosage form is oral drops; however, the absence of robust quality control measures for these products poses significant health risks to patients. The primary objectives of this study were to formulate and evaluate cannabis oral drops, with a comprehensive evaluation encompassing physicochemical properties such as appearance, pH, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, and cannabidiol contents. Furthermore, heavy metals (specifically arsenic, cadmium, and lead), pesticides (including pyrethroids, organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates), and microbial contaminations (Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium spp., and Salmonella spp.) were evaluated. The results revealed that the optimal formulation, comprising cannabis extract derived from supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, vitamin E acetate, and medium-chain triglyceride oil, exhibited a pH of approximately 4.0, a Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol content of approximately 27 mg/mL, and a cannabidiol content of approximately 9 mg/mL. Furthermore, there were no heavy metals or pesticides detected. Microbial limit tests demonstrated the absence of Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium spp., and Salmonella spp. In conclusion, this endeavor successfully achieved the development of high-quality cannabis oral drops, showcasing the potential for safe and therapeutic use.
Effects of Harvest Time on Medicinal Qualities of Hemp
Authors: Rattanapakdee Rattanaporn , Thobunluepop Pitipong , Anusonpornperm Somchai , Chaisan Tanapon , Pongtip Artit , Maniin Pranot , Chitbanchong Wilasinee , Gorinstein Shela
Published: September 2024

Harvest time impacts the physicochemical properties of hemp. This study investigated the relationship between harvest time on growth parameters, physiological parameter, and color, in addition to Cannabidiol (CBD), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabigerol (CBG) concentrations. Siskiyou cannabis was harvested at 5 different stages after flowering 50% at week five to week nine. The rational explanation for stages on growth parameters, physiological parameters, color, and total physiochemical properties was found, while total color changes ranged from brightness (L*) decreased gradually from 66.06 at 5 weeks to a minimum of 16.14 at 9 weeks of flowering. On the contrary, the redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) increased from –0.65 and 8.95 at 5 weeks to their peak values of 19.99 and 34.24 at 9 weeks, respectively. The hue also decreased from 110.03 at 5 weeks to a minimum of 80.14 at 9 weeks, with samples being significantly (p <0.05) different. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was higher than 1 % at week 5, which was lower than their Cannabidiol (CBD) concentrations, reaching 14.35% at week 8. Cannabigerol (CBG) in dried samples reached 2.01% at week 7. The average dry weight of inflorescence per plant peaked at 36.75 g in week 8 and week 9 respectively. Significant differences in Crop Growth Rate (CGR) were noted across the harvesting periods, notably 17.13 and 16.70 g cm⁻² day⁻¹ at weeks 8 and 9, respectively, representing the highest dry weight accumulation per unit area. This increase in dry weight accumulation indicates higher efficiency. Finally, the Harvest Index (HI) showed notable discrepancies among the post-flowering harvesting times, with the greatest total dry weight observed at 0.357 and 0.345 at weeks 8 and 9, respectively. These findings could be of industrial relevance for improving post-harvest processes while maintaining the quality of this regulated crop.
Using Genetic Algorithms and Bézier Curves for Automatic Path Optimization of a 6-DOF Robot
Authors: Nguyen Xuan-Vinh , Nguyen Ngoc-Lam
Published: September 2024

This paper describes a novel method for automatically planning point-to-point motion paths for a robot with six degrees of freedom (6-DOF). A linear motion path between two points on such robots may be impractical due to joint angle constraints or exceeding the manipulator's operational range. The proposed method employs a genetic algorithm to generate suitable motion paths based on the second-, third-, and fourth-orders of Bézier curves. The control points of Bézier curves are determined using a genetic algorithm, which can adjust the fitness function as the end-effector moves closer to the obstacle. As a result, the algorithm can adjust its motion path planning in response to obstacles. The motion paths are generated with the goal of optimizing the robot's inverse kinematic configuration. The results show that using a genetic algorithm and Bézier curves can produce motion paths with smooth transitions, minimal changes in joint angles, and no sudden jerks within the robot's operational area in both obstacle-free and obstacle avoidance scenarios. This solution may be useful for intelligent robots with automated path-planning capabilities in unknown environments.