bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INNOVACIONES PEDAGÓGICAS EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN COLOMBIA: UN ANÁLISIS DE 2022
Authors: Colman López María Corina
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo analizar las innovaciones pedagógicas implementadas en la educación superior en Colombia durante el año 2022. La educación superior ha experimentado transformaciones significativas debido a la incorporación de nuevas metodologías de enseñanza y aprendizaje, impulsadas por los avances tecnológicos y la necesidad de adaptarse a un entorno cambiante. Este estudio se centra en las estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras adoptadas por cuatro universidades colombianas: Universidad de los Andes, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana y Universidad del Rosario. Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura existente, incluyendo artículos académicos, informes institucionales y estudios de caso, para identificar las principales tendencias y prácticas innovadoras en la educación superior. Los resultados muestran una amplia variedad de enfoques, como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos, la gamificación, el uso de realidad aumentada y virtual, y la implementación de aulas invertidas. Estas innovaciones han demostrado mejorar la participación y el rendimiento de los estudiantes, así como facilitar un aprendizaje más flexible y personalizado. Además, se discuten los desafíos y oportunidades asociados con la implementación de estas innovaciones pedagógicas en el contexto colombiano. Los hallazgos indican que, aunque se han logrado avances significativos, existen barreras como la resistencia al cambio, la falta de infraestructura tecnológica adecuada y la necesidad de capacitación continua para los docentes. Este artículo concluye con recomendaciones para fortalecer y expandir las prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras en la educación superior en Colombia, destacando la importancia de la colaboración entre instituciones educativas, el gobierno y el sector privado.
Diseño y Construcción de un Biodigestor para la Producción de Biogás a partir de Residuos Orgánicos en Bolivia
Authors: V Helmer , Quispe Coca Raúl Alfredo
Published: August 2024

En la historia boliviana, nuestro país se ha caracterizado por su extracción y exportación de gas natural convirtiéndose en una fuente importante de ingresos y desarrollo económico, sin embargo diversos factores han llevado a una crisis general del gas, Bolivia se ha convertido en un país sumamente dependiente de este recurso, y a medida que se explotan estas reservas se vuelve más difícil encontrar nuevos yacimientos, estimando que en la realidad nuestras reservas no fueran suficientes para la actividad exportadora al ritmo actual y el consumo interno. Tomando conciencia sobre el tema hemos visto la necesidad de implementar energías limpias alternativas. Es de tal forma que nace la idea de estudiar e investigar sobre el aprovechamiento se puede dar a la gestión sostenible de los residuos orgánicos en nuestro medio. En este estudio se llevó a cabo un diseño detallado y la fabricación de un biodigestor considerando tamaño, capacidad de procesamiento, los materiales de construcción y los parámetros de operación. Se seleccionaron los residuos orgánicos adecuados como restos de alimentos y estiércol animal para alimentar el digestor biológico y obtener la producción de biogás La construcción del proyecto se realizó siguiendo los lineamentos establecidos, utilizando materiales accesibles y de bajo costo. Se emplearon técnicas de ensamblaje y sellado adecuado para garantizar la hermeticidad y eficiencia del sistema, una vez construido se puso en funcionamiento y se realizaron pruebas experimentales para evaluar su desempeño, se monitorearon parámetros como temperatura, producción de biogás con la finalidad de obtener resultados óptimos. Tales resultados lograron demostrar la producción de biogas. Además, se logra a través de este proceso utilizar los residuos como fertilizante (biomasa - biol) en el ámbito agrícola.
Dispensador Automático Y Programable De Comida Para Mascotas
Authors: Maldonado Ramos Diego
Published: August 2024

Alimentar a nuestras mascotas adecuadamente, resulta complicado debido a las múltiples actividades que se deben cumplir durante el día. Una alimentación inadecuada puede provocarles: disminución del crecimiento, pérdida o falta de desarrollo de la masa muscular, deficiencia inmunitaria, problemas articulares y otros. También existe la posibilidad de que el dueño de la mascota se ausente por un tiempo prolongado, debido a una situación imprevista, por ejemplo, un viaje de emergencia o algún tipo acontecimiento, en los cuales no es posible llevar a la mascota. De ser así el dueño puede suministrar cantidades acumuladas de alimento, proporcionales al tiempo de su ausencia (resultando una cantidad inadecuada). Si se trata de una situación imprevista, la mascota tendrá una cantidad insuficiente de alimento. También el dueño puede optar en dejar a la mascota al cuidado de otra persona, pero no tendrá la certeza de que su alimentación sea la adecuada. Se realizó el diseño y la fabricación de un dispensador electrónico de comida para perros y gatos de uso doméstico, que puede ser programado por el usuario. El equipo facilita el suministro de alimento en cantidades y horas determinadas.
Historia del restaurante La Penela. La positiva imagen de la externalización de una pequeña empresa gallega a través de la prensa digital española
Authors: Vázquez-Miraz Pedro
Published: August 2024

Se presenta en este breve artículo la historia de una empresa familiar de restauración fundada en Coirós (Galicia, España): La Penela. Una compañía fundada en el año 1989 y que pasó de ser un modesto restaurante de carretera de un pequeño ayuntamiento de As Mariñas a una diversificada pequeña y mediana empresa (pyme) con cobertura nacional (Madrid y Barcelona) e internacional (Bogotá), orientada a una clientela de clase media-alta que ofrece comida gallega. Por medio de un análisis de noticias de prensa digital de diferentes medios regionales y nacionales (La Voz de Galicia, Abc, El Español…) que mencionaron a este establecimiento y las opiniones dadas por sus usuarios en Google y una popular página web de reseñas de contenido de viajes (TripAdvisor), se ha pretendido conocer el estado actual de este restaurante. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una significativa discrepancia entre la idílica imagen de La Penela hallados en la prensa digital española y los aceptables comentarios de sus comensales disponibles en Internet.
АНДЫЗ ӨСІМДІГІНЕН ЭФИР МАЙЛАРЫН БӨЛІП АЛУ
Authors: С.Д. ДУЗЕЛБАЕВА  , Д.Ж. АСАНОВА  , А.Ғ. АДИЛОВА
Published: August 2024

The study of the composition of the plant as a whole is one of the most important issues today, since the plant contains complex organic compounds, including cyclic, heterocyclic, aromatic, etc. There are many compounds. During the study of one of them, we examined a medicinal plant found in the Kobdinsky district of the Aktobe region - elecampane. Medicinal plants are very important; traditional medicine has collected many plants with such healing properties, and today their number has decreased significantly. The chemical composition of elecampane includes many different microelements that have different effects on the human body and microorganisms. During scientific research, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties of plant root extracts were discovered. The root of the plant contains essential oil - a sugary substance that affects the heart, suppresses fermentation processes, and kills worms and microbes. The main goal of our article is to obtain essential oil from the composition of the elecampane plant. An extraction method was used to extract essential oil from the root.
SMALL POWER GENERATION: THE PATH TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY
Authors: S.K. SHERYAZOV  , Zh.U. ZHUBANDYKOVA  , T.S. KAINENOVA  , A.A. YERKEN
Published: August 2024

В современном мире электричество стало жизненно важным ресурсом, обеспечивающим функционирование практически всех аспектов нашей повседневной жизни. Однако, несмотря на стремительное развитие технологий и инфраструктуры, электросети все чаще сталкиваются с такими проблемами, как нехватка электроэнергии и перегрузки. Именно здесь на сцену выходит инновационная идея, которая может изменить способ удовлетворения наших потребностей в электроэнергии. Речь идет о концепции "автоматической малой генерации электроэнергии" - интеллектуальной системе, которая автоматически активирует небольшие электростанции, расположенные вблизи конечных потребителей, в случае дефицита электроэнергии в основной сети. Это не только способ повысить надежность электроснабжения, но и сделать его более стабильным и доступным.Целью настоящего исследования является изучение и анализ потенциала малой энергетики для повышения устойчивости энергоснабжения, особенно в регионах с дефицитом электроэнергии, а также определение наилучших стратегий интеграции таких систем в существующую электросеть с минимальными потерями и максимальной эффективностью. Ситуация в отрасли становится все более сложной в связи с ростом малых генерирующих мощностей, которые меняют характер производства электроэнергии.
INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIVE COMPOSITE SYSTEMS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FORMATION OF SALT DEPOSITS IN WELLS
Authors: S.K. SHERYAZOV  , A.M. BALGYNOVA  , ZH.S. SARKULOVA  , S.S. BAKHYTZHAN
Published: August 2024

Мақалада мұнай өндіру процесінде пайдалану объектілерінде тұз шөгінділерінің пайда болу мәселелері қарастырылған. Ресей, Әзірбайжан және Қазақстанның бірқатар кен орындары бойынша осы проблеманы талдау мысалында бұл мәселе әсіресе ұзақ уақыт бойы игеріліп жатқан кен орындарында қатты байқалатыны көрсетілген. Бұл ретте жоғары тәуекел тобына ОТЭСҚ пайдаланатын ұңғымалар жататыны атап өтіледі. Микробиологиялық процестер күрделі құрамдағы шөгінділердің пайда болуына байланысты мәселені одан әрі қиындатады. Түп маңы аймағында тұздардың түзілу процесінің негізгі себептері және қабаттың сүзусыйымдылық қасиеттерін оңалту бойынша бірқатар геологиялық техникалық шаралардың сәтсіздігі келтірілген. Жүргізілетін геологиялық-техникалық іс-шаралардың тиімділігін арттыру мақсатында аммоний хлоридін (NH4Cl) беттік әрекеттік заттармен біріктіріп пайдалану негізінде кенжар маңы аймағын өңдеу технологиясы ұсынылады.Бұл зерттеу жұмысы ең жаңа композициялық жүйелерді қолдана отырып, ұңғымалардағы тұз шөгінділерін жою мәселесіне арналған. Ұңғымалардағы тұзды шөгінділер мұнай-газ өнеркәсібі үшін үлкен проблема болып табылады, өйткені олар ұңғымалардың өнімділігінің төмендеуіне және пайдалану шығындарының жоғарылауына әкелуі мүмкін.Жұмыста тұз шөгінділерінің алдын алуға және жоюға бағытталған әртүрлі әдістер мен технологиялар қарастырылады. Бұл проблемамен тиімді күресуге мүмкіндік беретін инновациялық композициялық жүйелерге ерекше назар аударылады. Жұмыс қолданыстағы әдістергешолу жасауды, олардың артықшылықтары мен кемшіліктерін талдауды және осы мәселені шешудің жаңа тәсілдерін зерттеуді қамтиды.Зерттеу мұнай-газ компаниялары мен ұңғымаларды бұрғылау саласындағы мамандарға тұзды шөгінділермен күресудің ең тиімді шешімдерін таңдауға және ұңғымаларды сенімді және өнімді пайдалануды қамтамасыз етуге көмектесетін маңызды ұсыныстар береді.
Higher Education Engagement among Students with Armed Services Backgrounds: A Literature Review
Authors: Rogers Katherine
Published: August 2024

A systematic review of the literature relating to British military families (service and ex-service personnel, spouses and partners and children) and access to, and retention in, higher education; the review evaluates twenty-one articles and reports. Lord Ashcroft’s 2014 Veterans’ Transition Review provided a comprehensive account of the contemporary situation with regard to military service personnel and their families, and transition into civilian life (including access to higher education). This review examines the findings of the Ashcroft report and subsequent research to identify (positive and negative) factors that influence access to, and retention of students with an armed forces background in higher education. By synthesizing the literature, this report makes recommendations about actions to improve access to university, and retention, of students with an armed services background. Students with an armed services background are not a single homogenous group; the Centre for Military Research, Education and Public Engagement identifies at six distinct groups. This report examines the different barriers encountered by different groups and makes specific recommendations for different groups of students with an armed services background.
L’injustice épistémique vécue par les personnes intersexuées : l’effacement des corps
intersexués comme violence institutionnelle
Authors: Gagnon Cyndelle
Published: August 2024

L’intersexuation est un terme parapluie qui désigne les variations des
caractéristiques sexuelles. Bien que 1,7 % à 4 % de la population soit né en dehors du cadre
de la binarité sexuelle, les corps des personnes intersexuées sont pathologisés et
nécessitent, selon les médecins spécialistes, une « réparation ». Cette stigmatisation
institutionnelle se concrétise par le recours à des interventions chirurgicales
d’assignation de sexe ou par des traitements hormonaux, justifiés par des prémisses
socioculturelles se basant sur des normes hétérosexistes. Les discours médicaux s’appuient
moins sur des dangers sanitaires, physiques et psychologiques de la patientèle intersexuée
qu’à la sauvegarde d’une bicatégorisation sexuée. Alors que les individus présentant des
variations intersexes revendiquent leur droit à l’autodétermination, notamment par le
respect de leur consentement libre et éclairé. Les chirurgies d’assignation de sexe,
motivées et orientées par la binarité de sexe, construite historiquement, conduisent à deux
types d’injustice épistémique. Une analyse philosophique conceptuelle de l’injustice
testimoniale et de l’injustice herméneutique permettra de comprendre le processus
d’invisibilisation de l’intersexuation par le biais de la relation épistémique entre les
personnes intersexuées et les médecins.
Les comités d’éthique de la recherche en milieu collégial : mandat, gouvernance et ressources
Authors: Masella Marie-Alexia , Dupras Charles , Marceau Emmanuelle
Published: August 2024

Le développement de l’éthique de la recherche dans le milieu collégial soulève des préoccupations spécifiques, compte tenu des particularités de ce milieu. Cette étude s’intéresse à trois enjeux prioritaires de la communauté d’éthique de la recherche du collégial : 1) la question des ressources pour l’évaluation éthique par les comités d’éthique de la recherche du réseau collégial; 2) l’évaluation de projets de recherche relevant de plusieurs autorités; et 3) l’évaluation des activités de recherche conduite dans le cadre de cours par des étudiantes et étudiants. Afin de sonder cette communauté sur ses réalités concrètes face à ces enjeux, nous avons réalisé une étude mixte de type Delphi en temps réel grâce à la plateforme Surveylet, au cours de laquelle nous avons mis en dialogue 31 panélistes durant une période totale de cinq semaines. Cet article présente les résultats de notre analyse statistique et thématique des réponses obtenues, les principaux consensus et dissensus identifiés au sujet des trois enjeux, ainsi que des pistes de solutions pour surmonter ces enjeux inspirés par les propositions des panélistes.
The Elephant in the Nursery: Paediatric Exceptionalism?
Authors: Anderson James A. , Zlotnik Shaul Randi , Bianchi Andria
Published: August 2024

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (hereafter, ‘the pandemic’), there was already widespread concern about the adequacy of health care resources across Canada. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these concerns exponentially, widening already significant cracks in provincial health care systems. Currently the system is struggling with the exacerbation of wait times for surgeries previously delayed by mandated closures during the pandemic. In Ontario, the backlog of surgeries, and associated backlogs in radiology and other services critical to paediatric care, led to the creation of a consortium of paediatric hospitals committed to advocacy for more funding for paediatrics. Thus far, the provincial and federal governments have agreed to a one-time cash infusion, but the consortium is calling for a permanent increase in funding for paediatrics. A challenge is that the adult sector has also suffered from delays and backlogs. Furthermore, as already noted, older adults have borne the brunt of morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19. The challenge for the paediatric sector is whether and how to defend the prioritization of children and youth. In this paper, we review four approaches to just allocation – utilitarian ageism, fair innings, the prudential lifespan approach, and prioritarian ageism – and examine their strengths and weaknesses. We conclude by endorsing prioritarian ageism (prioritarianism). Prioritarianism retains the strengths of utilitarian ageism and fair innings while avoiding their weaknesses. Furthermore, because prioritarianism does not treat age as an independent moral criterion, allocation schemes based on this foundation are less susceptible to legal challenge and may be more palatable to the general public.
Why Philosophers Aren’t Better People
Authors: Dwyer James
Published: August 2024

I begin with an autobiographical account that explains the question: why philosophers are not better people. Philosophy, as it is practiced in most university departments, doesn’t concern itself with how we inhabit and perceive the world. It doesn’t really concern itself with practices that aim to form the kind of people we become. After I discuss why the question still resonates today, I consider one answer, based on some work by John Dewey. His work emphasizes the importance of habits. Since habits are formed in social environments, the discussion of habits leads me to consider the practice of politics: the idea that we could collectively shape social environments in which habits are formed. Although I do not deny that the practice of politics can be burdensome and dangerous, I try to show why this practice is inevitable.
Des recherches sans factures : dépenser ses fonds et gérer les relations avec le
service des finances
Authors: Bousquet Marie-Pierre
Published: August 2024

En matière de gestion des finances, il n’est pas toujours facile, pour les
chercheurs, de suivre les normes strictes suivies par les institutions. Mais un chercheur
« délinquant » aux yeux du système est-il forcément non éthique?
Clinical Ethics Training in Canada: Moving Towards Standardization
Authors: Badaiki Winifred , Frolic Andrea
Published: August 2024

This paper summarizes the presentation and stakeholder feedback gathered from the Canadian Bioethics Society Workshop and Community Forum in May 2023, in a session entitled, “Clinical Ethics Fellowship in Canada: Making the Move Towards Standardization”. This summary provides insight into the clinical ethics fellowship landscape across Canada, including current gaps in the training of Canadian healthcare ethicists and opportunities to advance the journey towards standardization.
Gražina Būgaitė. Neprasiskleidusio potencialo nyksmas emigracijoje
Authors: Cesiulė Agnė
Published: August 2024

Straipsnyje pristatoma JAV lietuvių išeivė Gražina Būgaitė (1914–1997), aptariamas jos potencialas, pradėjęs reikštis XX a. 4 dešimtmečio pabaigoje Lietuvos kultūros periodikoje bei švietėjiškoje veikloje, apžvelgiami G. Būgaitės bandymai save išreikšti pokario metais lietuvių karo pabėgėlių DP stovykloje (Ingolštate, Vokietijoje) ir vėliau, išeivijoje (Skrantone, Pensilvanijos valstijoje, JAV), analizuojamas G. Būgaitės kultūrinės veiklos kismas keičiantis aplinkybėms ir jos santykiui su bendruomene. Daroma prielaida, kad nepalankios istorinės aplinkybės nuslopino dar nespėjusį iki galo sutvirtėti G. Būgaitės vaidmenį kultūrinėje terpėje. Atsižvelgiama ir į kitą profesinei saviraiškai įtaką galėjusį daryti veiksnį – tradicinį požiūrį į lyčių vaidmenis, taigi, į G. Būgaitės veiklą žvelgiama ir kaip į moterų kultūrinės veiklos dalį. Straipsnio šaltiniai – G. Būgaitės literatūros kritikos straipsniai, išspausdinti periodikoje 1937–1938 m. Lietuvoje („Naujoji Romuva“, „Dienovidis“) ir 1950–1976 m. išeivijoje JAV („Lietuvių kelias“, „Dirva“, „Darbininkas“), taip pat įvairios žinutės JAV lietuvių išeivijos spaudoje, kitų autorių straipsniai, atsiminimai bei laiškai.
Current status and prospects of burning plasma physics in magnetically confined fusion
Authors: Sun You-Wen , Qiu Zhi-Yong , Wan Bao-Nian ,   Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Published: August 2024

Current status and challenges of key physics related to high-confinement operational scenarios and energetic particle confinement are briefly reviewed from the perspective of design and operation of tokamak-based fusion reactors. In the past few decades, significant progress has been made in the research on high-confinement mode physics, i.e. the main stability and confinement constraints on operational window of a fusion reactor have been identified, and some control methods for adjusting plasma kinetic profiles to optimize performance have been developed. Several operational scenarios, including inductive, hybrid and steady-state etc, which are potentially applicable for future reactors, have been developed. In the conditions that fusion alpha particle self-heating is predominant and shear Alfvén wave (SAW) instabilities potentially dominate fusion alpha particle transport, the SAW linear stability properties and excitation mechanisms are understood in depth, and the SAW instabilities nonlinear saturation, alpha particle confinement, and the influence of the heating deposition and the micro-turbulence regulation on fusion profile are under extensive investigation. The magnetically confined fusion research has entered a new stage of ignition and burning plasma physics, and new challenges that are faced are addressed, including whether efficient self-heating of plasmas by fusion alpha particles can be achieved, how the plasma stability and high-confinement can be maintained through the active control of key plasma profiles under the condition of dominant alpha particle heating, and whether it is possible to establish accurate models to predict long time scale complex dynamical evolution of fusion plasmas etc. Solving these key problems will lay a solid scientific foundation for designing and operating future fusion reactors as well as promote the development of plasma science.
A unique cell division protein critical for the assembly of the bacterial divisome
Authors: Chu Xiao , Wang Lidong , Zhu Yiheng , Feng Zhengshan , Guan Qingtian , Song Lei , Luo Zhaoqing
Published: August 2024

Identification of unique essential bacterial genes is important for not only the understanding of their cell biology but also the development of new antimicrobials. Here we report a previously unrecognized core component of the
Acinetobacter baumannii
divisome. Our results reveal that the protein, termed Aeg1 interacts with multiple cell division proteins, including FtsN, which is required for components of the divisome to localize to the midcell. We demonstrate that the FtsA
E202K
and FtsB
E65A
mutants effectively bypassed the need of Aeg1 by
A
.
baumannii
, as did the activation variants FtsW
M254I
and FtsW
S274G
. Our results suggest that Aeg1 is a cell division protein that arrives at the division site to initiate cell division by recruiting FtsN, which activates FtsQLB and FtsA to induce the septal peptidoglycan synthase FtsWI. The discovery of the new essential cell division protein has provided a new target for the development of antibacterial agents.
Multiple guidance mechanisms control axon growth to generate precise T-shaped bifurcation during dorsal funiculus development in the spinal cord
Authors: Curran Bridget M , Nickerson Kelsey R , Yung Andrea R , Goodrich Lisa V , Jaworski Alexander , Tessier-Lavigne Marc , Ma Le
Published: August 2024

The dorsal funiculus in the spinal cord relays somatosensory information to the brain. It is made of T-shaped bifurcation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory axons. Our previous study has shown that Slit signaling is required for proper guidance during bifurcation, but loss of Slit does not affect all DRG axons. Here, we examined the role of the extracellular molecule Netrin-1 (Ntn1). Using wholemount staining with tissue clearing, we showed that mice lacking Ntn1 had axons escaping from the dorsal funiculus at the time of bifurcation. Genetic labeling confirmed that these misprojecting axons come from DRG neurons. Single axon analysis showed that loss of Ntn1 did not affect bifurcation but rather altered turning angles. To distinguish their guidance functions, we examined mice with triple deletion of Ntn1, Slit1, and Slit2 and found a completely disorganized dorsal funiculus. Comparing mice with different genotypes using immunolabeling and single axon tracing revealed additive guidance errors, demonstrating the independent roles of Ntn1 and Slit. Moreover, the same defects were observed in embryos lacking their cognate receptors. These in vivo studies thus demonstrate the presence of multi-factorial guidance mechanisms that ensure proper formation of a common branched axonal structure during spinal cord development.
A human forebrain organoid model reveals the essential function of GTF2IRD1-TTR-ERK axis for the neurodevelopmental deficits of Williams syndrome
Authors: Zhao Xingsen , Sun Qihang , Shou Yikai , Chen Weijun , Wang Mengxuan , Qu Wenzheng , Huang Xiaoli , Li Ying , Wang Chao , Gu Yan , Ji Chai , Shu Qiang , Li Xuekun
Published: August 2024

Williams syndrome (WS; OMIM#194050) is a rare disorder, which is caused by the microdeletion of one copy of 25–27 genes, and WS patients display diverse neuronal deficits. Although remarkable progresses have been achieved, the mechanisms for these distinct deficits are still largely unknown. Here, we have shown that neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in WS forebrain organoids display abnormal proliferation and differentiation capabilities, and synapse formation. Genes with altered expression are related to neuronal development and neurogenesis. Single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) data analysis revealed 13 clusters in healthy control and WS organoids. WS organoids show an aberrant generation of excitatory neurons. Mechanistically, the expression of transthyretin (TTR) are remarkably decreased in WS forebrain organoids. We have found that GTF2IRD1 encoded by one WS associated gene GTF2IRD1 binds to TTR promoter regions and regulates the expression of TTR. In addition, exogenous TTR can activate ERK signaling and rescue neurogenic deficits of WS forebrain organoids. Gtf2ird1-deficient mice display similar neurodevelopmental deficits as observed in WS organoids. Collectively, our study reveals critical function of GTF2IRD1 in regulating neurodevelopment of WS forebrain organoids and mice through regulating TTR-ERK pathway.
Joint coordinate attention mechanism and instance normalization for COVID online comments text classification
Authors: Zhu Rong , Gao Hua-Hui , Wang Yong
Published: August 2024

Background

The majority of extant methodologies for text classification prioritize the extraction of feature representations from texts with high degrees of distinction, a process that may result in computational inefficiencies. To address this limitation, the current study proposes a novel approach by directly leveraging label information to construct text representations. This integration aims to optimize the use of label data alongside textual content.

Methods

The methodology initiated with separate pre-processing of texts and labels, followed by encoding through a projection layer. This research then utilized a conventional self-attention model enhanced by instance normalization (IN) and Gaussian Error Linear Unit (GELU) functions to assess emotional valences in review texts. An advanced self-attention mechanism was further developed to enable the efficient integration of text and label information. In the final stage, an adaptive label encoder was employed to extract relevant label information from the combined text-label data efficiently.

Results

Empirical evaluations demonstrate that the proposed model achieves a significant improvement in classification performance, outperforming existing methodologies. This enhancement is quantitatively evidenced by its superior micro-F1 score, indicating the efficacy of integrating label information into text classification processes. This suggests that the model not only addresses computational inefficiencies but also enhances the accuracy of text classification.
Role of Diuretic Renography and Ultrasonography in Pelvic Ureteric Junction Obstruction among Infants: A Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Tanigassalam Sindhu , Tanigassalam Vasanthan , Malapure Sumeet Suresh
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Renography is a non invasive technique routinely used by clinicians to provide information about kidney structure and function. However, its role in the diagnosis of renovascular disease (especially in patients with renal insufficiency), the exclusion of obstruction, and during the follow-up of patients undergoing pyeloplasty is still controversial. Aim: To study the changes in Anteroposterior Pelvic Diameter (APD), cortical thickness, split renal function and T½ post pyeloplasty at three months and to determine the usefulness of these parameters in assessing successful pyeloplasty for Pelvic Ureteric Junction Obstruction (PUJO). Materials and Methods: This prospective non randomised interventional study was conducted in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India and Department of Paediatrics, JIPMER, Karaikal, Puducherry, India, from July 2020 to July 2021. A total of 31 infants with persistent postnatal Hydronephrosis (HDN) on Ultrasonography (USG) with no vesicoureteral reflux were included in the study and underwent 99mTc EC renography. The diagnosis of obstruction was determined by visual interpretation, renogram curves, Time to peak (Tmax), and Time from Tmax to T½max parameters. Patients with obstructed patterns in 99mTc EC renography underwent Anderson Hyne’s dismembered pyeloplasty. After three months of surgery, 99mTc EC renography and USG were performed on all enrolled patients. The Chi-square test was used for the comparison of the difference in proportion, and the Student’s t-test was used for the comparison of the mean difference, between two groups. Results: The mean age of enrolled infants was 5.79±3.36 months with a male preponderance (27 males and 4 females). Out of 31 infants, 23 (74%) showed an obstructive pattern of drainage on diuretic renogram and underwent Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty. The observed difference in the preoperative renal USG anteroposterior diameter (27.85±14.3 mm) and parenchymal thickness (9.6±3.3 mm) vs postoperative anteroposterior diameter (8±3.19 mm) and parenchymal thickness (15.5±4.19 mm) was statistically significant (p-value=0.001). The follow-up renogram scan conducted at three months showed a significant reduction in clearance half-time (T½). However, there was no statistically significant variation in split renal function at three months after pyeloplasty. Conclusion: Both 99mTc EC renography and USG indicate the likelihood of successful pyeloplasty, and in settings with limited resources, USG may be a viable substitute for early follow-up after pyeloplasty.
Perception towards Plant Growth Regulators among Vegetable Growers in Junagadh District of Gujarat, India
Authors: Kumar Niraj , Maheta H. Y. , Kumar Kalpesh , Bharodia C. R.
Published: August 2024

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are chemical substances that govern various aspects of development and growth in plants. The application of PGRs to crops can modify hormonal balance and growth, leading to increased yield, enhanced crop tolerance to abiotic stress, and improved physiological traits. This study examines farmers' perceptions of PGRs in vegetable cultivation. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, two talukas in the Junagadh district, namely Junagadh and Vanthali, were purposefully selected. From each taluka, 40 farmers were sampled, resulting in a total of 80 farmers. The weighted average index (WAI) was employed to analyze the results. The findings revealed that the majority of farmers in Junagadh held an overall positive perception of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in vegetable cultivation, particularly appreciating their impact on vegetable size, packaging convenience, and return on investment. However, concerns about cost, online availability and the perceived benefits related to disease resistance and sustainability highlight areas for improvement. Addressing these issues through improved education, cost management and better distribution could increase PGR adoption and overall satisfaction.
Study of the Production of Wet-processing Phosphoric Acid by Clinker Method on Base of Mineralized Mass
Authors: Elbekovich Sultonov Bokhodir , Sattorjonovich Xolmatov Dilshod
Published: August 2024

The article presents the results of the study of extractive phosphoric acid extraction processes from the mineralized mass (MM) - mineralized mass (MM) produced during the thermal processing of Central Kyzylkum (CK) phosphorite. Effects of sulfuric acid concentration on the quality parameters of the obtained wet-processing phosphoric acid (WPPA), processes of WPPA extraction through different concentrations of phosphoric acid solution from phosphoric acid-gypsum porridge were studied. The optimal parameters of these processes have been determined. In the composition of WPPA obtained in acceptable parameters 19,30-19,59% Р2О5, 0,08-0,09% F will be. Filtration rates of phosphatic-acid-gypsum porridges during extraction with different concentrations of WPPA are equal to 1096-1192 kg/m2·h. It was also determined that the main composition of the resulting phosphogypsum is as follows: 2,44-2,59% Р2О5total (t.)., 29,93-30,09% CaOtotal (t.), 41,29-41,50% SO3 and  1,16-1,21% F.
Genetic Studies of Diverse Genotypes of Blackgram in Kymore Plateau District of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Soni Ayushi , Sharma Stuti , Singh Yogendra
Published: August 2024

The experiment was conducted involving 96 genotypes of black gram for genetic variability of 13 quantitative traits at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed existence of significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied. Among the genetic parameters phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits indicates the role of environment in expression of the characters. High GCV and PCV were maximum in case of biological yield followed by number of pods per plant, number of pod clusters per plant, harvest index, seed yield per plant and plant height. Characters like plant height, number of pod clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, biological yield, seed yield per plant and harvest index shows high heritability coupled with high genetic advance. Correlation and Path analysis studies revealed that the important yield attributing traits like biological yield, harvest index, number of pods per plant, pod length, 100 seed weight exhibited a highly significant correlation values both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Further, the same traits also exhibited a higher value of direct effects on seed yield per plant. Hence, these traits should be given the top priority while developing the superior hybrids in blackgram.
Alleviating Damage Extent and Enhancing Yield through Mild Shading in Microsperma and Macrosperma Genotypes of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) at Terminal Heat and Combined Stress Condition
Authors: Ranjan Sudarshana , Verma S K , Guru S K , Bains Gurdeep
Published: August 2024

The threat of global climate change mainly in term of heat and combined stress is one of the utmost serious concerns for farmers, and have a negative impact on agriculture production and challenging food security worldwide. A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season at Pulse breeding Block, G.B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The objective of this investigation was to effect of shading to mitigate the heat and combined stress as well as the comparison of heat and combined stress in microsperma and macrosperma genotypes. It was laid out in factorial random block design with three replications. The morpho-physiological and yield attributes of both genotypes under varied growth condition at different time interval were evaluated. The microsperma (PL-8) and macrosperma (PL-11) after shading changed their plant height (6% and 5%), NDVI value (5% and 4%), Membrane stability index (9% and 6%), days to maturity (7% and 6%) and total no of grain (15% and 37%) under heat stress while in combined stress it was changed by 8% and 10% in plant height, 9% and 3% in NDVI value,14% in MSI,7% and 3% in days to maturity and13% and 23% in yield. The above finding proves the effect of shading mitigate the damage extent and also increase production of both lentil genotypes (PL-8) and (PL-11).
Impacts of Varying Sowing Dates on the Profitability and Production of Cultivars of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Mill sp.)
Authors: Satale Bhimashankar M. , I. A. B. Mirza , Motinge Priyanka
Published: August 2024

At the experimental farm of the College of Agriculture, Badnapur, VNMKV, Parbhani, a suitable range of field experiments were done during the kharif season, with an optimal time of sowing. The experiment was carried out using five varieties in the sub plot, V1-BSMR-736, V2-BSMR-853, V3-BDN-711, V4-BDN-708, and V5-Vipula, and four sowing dates in the main plot, D1: (15 th June), D2: (30 th June), D3: (15 th July), and D4: (30th July). The soil had a medium-black color, a clayey texture, a high base saturation level, an alkaline reaction, and a higher concentration of total soluble salts. It also had low levels of nitrogen and phosphorus and high levels of potassium and lime. The dibbling method of sowing was used. According to the experiment's results, sowing of pigeonpea on June 15 th was the best date to achieve greater yield metrics, specifically number of pods per plant, pod weight plant-1 (g), grain weight plant-1 (g), and test weight (g). in addition to economic indicators including GMR (119080 Rs ha-1), NMR (96573 Rs ha-1), and B:C (5.29), in addition to harvest index (HI), biological yield (kg ha-1) and seed yield (kg ha-1). Comparatively speaking to the other kinds, the pigeonpea variety BSMR-736 was shown to be very prolific.
Nuclear Reactions
Authors: Bertulani Carlos A.
Published: May 2015

Nuclear reactions generate energy in nuclear reactors, in stars, and are responsible for the existence of all elements heavier than hydrogen in the universe. Nuclear reactions denote reactions between nuclei, and between nuclei and other fundamental particles, such as electrons and photons. A short description of the conservation laws and the definition of basic physical quantities is presented, followed by a more detailed account of specific cases: (i) formation and decay of compound nuclei; (ii) direct reactions; (iii) photon and electron scattering; (iv) heavy ion collisions; (v) formation of a quark–gluon plasma; (vi) thermonuclear reactions; (vii) and reactions with radioactive beams. Whenever necessary, basic equations are introduced to help understand general properties of these reactions.
Nuclear Structure
Authors: Jolie Jan
Published: May 2015

A compact overview of nuclear structure physics is presented. Emphasis is put on basic properties of nuclei and their theoretical description.
Phenylboronic Acid‐Decorated Chondroitin Sulfate A‐Based Theranostic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Tumor Targeting and Penetration
Authors: Lee Jae‐Young , Chung Suk‐Jae , Cho Hyun‐Jong , Kim Dae‐Duk
Published: May 2015

Phenylboronic acid‐functionalized chondroitin sulfate A (CSA)–deoxycholic‐acid (DOCA)‐based nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared for tumor targeting and penetration. (3‐Aminomethylphenyl)boronic acid (AMPB) is conjugated to CSA–DOCA conjugate via amide bond formation, and its successful synthesis is confirmed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐NMR). Doxorubicin (DOX)‐loaded CSA–DOCA–AMPB NPs with a mean diameter of ≈200 nm, a narrow size distribution, negative zeta potential, and spherical morphology are prepared. DOX release from NPs is enhanced at acidic pH compared to physiological pH. CSA–DOCA–AMPB NPs exhibit improved cellular uptake in A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma) cells and penetration into A549 multicellular spheroids compared to CSA–DOCA NPs as evidenced by confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. In vivo tumor targeting and penetrating by CSA–DOCA–AMPB NPs, based on both CSA–CD44 receptor and boronic acid–sialic acid interactions, is revealed using near‐infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging. Penetration of NPs to the core of the tumor mass is observed in an A549 tumor xenografted mouse model and verified by three‐dimensional NIRF imaging. Multiple intravenous injections of DOX‐loaded CSA–DOCA–AMPB NPs efficiently inhibit the growth of A549 tumor in the xenografted mouse model and increase apoptosis. These boronic acid‐rich NPs are promising candidates for cancer therapy and imaging.
Morphological Characteristics of Nanostructured Surface Using Anodic Aluminum Template
Authors: Cheng Hsin‐chung , Huang Chiung‐fang , Lee Jeou‐long , Lin Yi , Shen Yung‐kang
Published: May 2015

Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates are fabricated using an anodization method. The mean diameter of the nanoporous AAO templates is 100 nm. A molded plastic thin film with nanostructure is fabricated using AAO template as a mold insert by nanoimprint. The surface properties of the molded plastic thin film obtained using various processing parameters in nanoimprint are discussed. The contact angle of the molded polycarbonate (PC) thin film with the nanostructure exceeds that without the nanostructure. The molded PC thin film (with nanostructure) with a hydrophobic surface is formed and has a water contact angle of 128.5°. The use of AAO to prepare a mold insert for nanoimprint supports the formation of a nanostructure in the molded PC thin film and effectively increases its antireflectance.
InGaO3(ZnO) Superlattice Nanowires for High‐Performance Ultraviolet Photodetectors
Authors: Lou Zheng , Li Ludong , Shen Guozhen
Published: May 2015

Superlattice nanowires show promise for nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices because they can increase the versatility and power of modulating electronic transport, optical properties. In this study, InGaO3(ZnO) superlattice nanowires via a facile vapor transport technology are successfully synthesized. Then field‐effect transistors and ultraviolet photodetectors are manufactured based on these NWs. The atomic ratios of In:Zn have a great effect on the performance of the as‐fabricated devices. Such a novel superlattice nanowire‐ based individual‐NW devices exhibit excellent sensitivity to ultraviolet light irradiation with a fast response speed of 0.3 s. In addition, the as‐prepared flexible devices fabricated on PET substrates show excellent robustness and mechanical flexibility under various bending curvatures and hundreds of bending cycles. These results indicate that InGaO3(ZnO) superlattice NWs are promising candidates for future electronic and optoelectronic devices.
Higher energy saving with new heat integration arrangement in heat‐integrated distillation column
Authors: Wakabayashi Toshihiro , Hasebe Shinji
Published: May 2015

In conventional heat‐integrated distillation columns (HIDiCs), the internal heat exchange is executed between the pressurized rectifying section and the stripping section, which are located at the same elevation. In such a structure, the amount of heat exchanged between two sections depends on the temperature profile of both sections. The resulting enthalpy profile inside the column departs from that in reversible distillation, which is the ideal distillation operation in view of energy conservation. More energy saving may be achieved by providing appropriate arrangement of heat exchanges between sections. The interactive graphical design method to determine the appropriate heat exchange arrangement in a previous paper was developed for a binary system. The design method was extended and applied to a multicomponent system by adopting the idea of a quasi‐binary system. Also, a new HIDiC structure that can realize the outcomes of the proposed design method was developed. The economics of the proposed structure was precisely evaluated through a case study of a commercial scale column. It demonstrated that the proposed structure has attractive economics. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3479–3488, 2015
Nonlinear process identification in the presence of multiple correlated hidden scheduling variables with missing data
Authors: Chen Lei , Khatibisepehr Shima , Huang Biao , Liu Fei , Ding Yongsheng
Published: May 2015

Identification of nonlinear processes in the presence of noise corrupted and correlated multiple scheduling variables with missing data is concerned. The dynamics of the hidden scheduling variables are represented by a state‐space model with unknown parameters. To assure generality, it is assumed that the multiple correlated scheduling variables are corrupted with unknown disturbances and the identification dataset is incomplete with missing data. A multiple model approach is proposed to formulate the identification problem of nonlinear systems under the framework of the expectation‐maximization algorithm. The parameters of the local process models and scheduling variable models as well as the hyperparameters of the weighting function are simultaneously estimated. The particle smoothing technique is adopted to handle the computation of expectation functions. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated through several simulated examples. Through an experimental study on a pilot‐scale multitank system, the practical advantages are further illustrated. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical EngineersAIChE J, 61: 3270–3287, 2015
Cyclische Gruppe‐15‐Radikalkationen
Authors: Brückner Angelika , Hinz Alexander , Priebe Jacqueline B. , Schulz Axel , Villinger Alexander
Published: May 2015

Biradikaloide Cyclo‐1,3‐dipnikta‐2,4‐diazan‐1,3‐diyle des Typs [E(μ‐NTer)2E] (2, E=P, As, Ter=2,6‐Dimesitylphenyl) wurden mit Silbersalzen schwach koordinierender Anionen wie [AgLn][B(C6F5)4] (L=Donormolekül) monooxidiert, um neue cyclische Radikalmonokationen, [E(μ‐NTer)2E]+⋅ (3+.), zu erzeugen. Wenn kleinere und basischere Anionen im Silbersalz vorhanden sind, werden die Anionen kovalent an den Radikalzentren gebunden, und die Reaktion führt zu Dipniktadiazanen, [FP(μ‐NTer)2PF] (5) und [(CF3CO2)P(μ‐NTer)2P(CF3CO2)]. Eine Zwei‐Elektronen‐Oxidation des Biradikaloids zum Dikation [E(μ‐NTer)2E]2+ wurde nicht beobachtet. Theoretische Studien und EPR‐Daten belegen, dass die Spindichte fast ausschließlich auf den schweren Pniktogenen E des vormaligen Biradikaloids lokalisiert ist. Die Bindungssituation der Radikalkationen weist eine seltene transannulare Ein‐Elektronen‐π‐Bindung ohne σ‐Bindung auf.