bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN TATA LETAK (LAYOUT) POSTER ANTI NARKOBA BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Siburian Sarah Agatha , Saragi Daulat , Harahap Syahruddin
Published: September 2020

AbstrakPoster merupakan media komunikasi hasil dari desain grafis, yang bertujuan menyampaikan informasi pada konsumen hingga mempengaruhi pembaca. Kesatuan elmen dalam poster mempengaruhi hasil desain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana penerapan elemen-elemen seperti tipografi, warna, layout, kesesuaian gambar/visual yang terdapat pada poster anti narkoba Badan Narkotika Nasional yang ditujukan kepada remaja dan pelajar tahun 2018. Sampel pada penelitian ini ialah seluruh sampel dari populasi yaitu 3 dari 3 poster. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan sampel jenuh, merupakan teknik pengambilan seluruh anggota populasi. Adapun analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan desain poster sudah baik dalam penempatan layout pada warna, tipografi, dan gambar. Pemilihan jenis huruf berkaitan dengan tingkat kemudahan untuk dibaca dan ukuran huruf yang digunakan berkaitan pula dengan keterbacaan teks poster. Jenis huruf yang digunakan pada poster disesuaikan dengan tema. Warna yang digunakan dapat memberikan penekanan pada poster sehingga menimbulkan kontras dan alur baca yang tepat. Pemilihan layout yang tepat menonjolkan pusat perhatian/fokus. Kesatuan penerapan keseimbangan simetris, asimetris, memusat dan menyebar. Keselarasan antara tema dengan gambar juga mendukung desain poster. Dalam pemilihan gambar, gambar yang digunakan dapat mengkomunikasikan informasi atau tujuan dari pesan yang ingin disampaikan.Kata Kunci: poster, layout, tipografi, warna.AbstractPoster is a communication media resulting from graphic design, which invites information in consumers to make it easier for readers. The unity of elements in the poster influences the design results. This study discusses how to apply elements such as typography, color, layout, image / visual suitability needed on the National Narcotics Agency anti-drug poster intended for adolescents and students in 2018. The sample of this study is a sample 3 of 3 posters. The sampling technique is saturated sample, with the technique of taking all members. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The findings of this study indicate that poster design is good in laying out layouts on colors, typography, and images. Font selection poster with level read to read and poster letters used. The type of font used on the poster is adjusted to the theme. The colors used can provide contrast to the poster so as to facilitate contrast and proper reading flow. Choosing the right layout choose the center of attention / focus. The unity of application of symmetrical, asymmetrical, centered and diffuse balance. The alignment between the theme and the picture also supports the poster design. In image selection, the image used can communicate information or the purpose of the message to be conveyed. Keywords: poster, layout, typography, color.
TINJAUAN KERAJINAN BERBAHAN SABUT KELAPA DI SENTRA CREABRUSH DESA MULYOREJO KECAMATAN SUNGGAL DELI SERDANG
Authors: Mawaddah Syaifah , Misgiya Misgiya , Atmojo Wahyu Tri , Wiratma Sri
Published: September 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau lebih jauh tentang jumlah bentuk yang dihasilkan, dan bagaimana perkembangan produk pada kerajinan berbahan sabut kelapa di Sentra Creabrush Desa Mulyorejo Kecamatan Sunggal Deli Serdang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian Deskriptif Kualitatif.  Populasi yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 5 karya kerajinan sabut kelapa. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari  karya kerajinan sabut kelapa dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling yaitu teknik penentuan sampel dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Guna memperoleh data mengenai tinjauan terhadap kerajinan sabut kelapa di Sentra Creabrush Desa Mulyorejo Kecamatan Sunggal Deli Serdang. Setelah dilakukan pengumpulan data memalui instrumen penelitian observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, maka hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembuatan setiap kerajinan sabut kelapa pada Creabrush memiliki proses pembuatan yang berbeda-beda  tergantung dari jenis kerajinannya, dan bahan dasar sabut kelapa yang utuh atau diolah dulu menjadi lembaran atau coco sheet. Bentuk karya seni kerajinan sabut kelapa yang dibedakan berdasarkan fungsinya yaitu homedecor dan fashioncraft, dan sebagian karya seni kerajinan sabut kelapa di sentra Creabrush seperti lukisan, kaligrafi, sepatu, sandal dan tas mengalami perkembangan dalam peroses pembuatan dan hasil karyanya dari waktu ke waktu.Kata Kunci: tinjauan, kerajinan, sabut kelapa.AbstractThis aims of this study are for reviewing the shapesof  produced, and how the outgrowth in the  coconut coir craft produc at the Creabrush Center at Desa Village, Kecamatan Sunggal Deli Serdang. The method of the study is descriptive qualitative research method. The populations in this study contained by 5 coconut coir crafts. The sample of this study consisted of coconut coir craft by using the Purposive Sampling technique, which is a sample determination technique with certain considerations. For colleting the data of this study at coconut coir handicrafts at the Creabrush Center at Desa Mulyorejo, Kecamatan Sunggal Deli Serdang. After the process collecting the data through observation research instruments, interviews and documentation, the results of this study show that the process for making the coconut husk craft in Creabrush has a different manufacturing process depended by the type of craft itself, and the basic material of coconut coir itsel finclude processing the material first or no. The product of coconut coir craft divided by aech functions,  which are homedecor and fashioncraft, and some of coconut coir crafts whose works in the Creabrush centers such as paintings, calligraphy, shoes, slippers and bags has an  increase in the process of  making and also the products.  Keywords: enhancement, crafts, coconut coir.
Pencegahan Perundungan/Bullying di Insititusi Pendidikan: Pendekatan Norma Hukum dan Perubahan Perilaku
Authors: Saraswati Rika , Hadiyono V.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: Bullying is one kind of violence against students at school in Indonesia. The violence has recently been reported among adolescents at Junior and Senior High School level in Semarang city. The responsibility of the Indonesian government in preventing bullying at school has been carried out through a national level by issuing the Child Protection Act  in 2002 (was amended in 2014) and the Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 82 of 2015 in order to support zero tolerance in school. However, there is a lack implementation of the legislation. It seems that the legal norm approach must be accompanied by behavioral changes from the students, the teachers and the community members.  This study used a qualitative approach to determine the factors that cause bullying at school and the prevention efforts. Data obtained through literature and empirical studies related to bullying experiences of students in junior and senior high school in Semarang city. The research demonstrates that the effort to prevent bullying at school by targeting certain students to spread anti-bullying messages is more effective to change students’ behaviour than merely using the legal norm approach.Keywords: Prevention, bullying, educational institutions, legal norms, behavior change ABSTRAK: Perundungan terhadap anak di sekolah atau yang lebih dikenal dengan bullying sudah lama terjadi di Indonesia, termasuk di Kota Semarang. Bahkan media menyatakan bahwa Indonesia sudah dalam kondisi “darurat” di sekolah. Tanggungjawab negara Indonesia dalam mencegah perundungan sudah dilakukan melalui peraturan perundang-undangan berskala nasional seperti Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak dan Permendikbud 82 Tahun 2015, akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya  sebagai sebuah bentuk kepedulian masih sangat bersifat spasial dan terbatas melalui norma hukum dan perubahan perilaku melalui kerjasama antara pemerintah dengan seluruh elemen. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab terjadinya perundungan, upaya pencegahan. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka dan empiris terkait dengan pengalaman para siswa di sekolah menengah pertama dan atas terhadap perundungan dan semua informasi terkait dengan upaya pencegahan perundungan.Kata kunci: Pencegahan, perundungan/bullying, institusi pendidikan, norma hukum, perubahan perilaku
Indonesia Dalam Menjawab Konsep Negara Welfare State dan Tatangannya
Authors: Hadiyono V.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: The concept of a welfare state is the idea that the state is responsible for its citizens, that is, by means of the welfare of its people through services, assistance, protection and prevention of social problems. Indonesia applies this system by adopting a minimal welfare state model, namely by providing a very small budget for social spending. So that social services are provided only for civil servants, Indonesia Military members and private employees who are able to pay the premium. Constitutional support is mentioned in the Indonesian Constitution of 1945, namely Articles 23, 27, 28C, 31, 33, and 34. This is then followed by laws. Number 40 of 2004 concerning the National Social Security System. However, the concept of welfare state is implemented in a minimal model. This is exacerbated by the corruption problems. Indonesia should not only focus on the health sector in realizing the concept of the welfare state, but the education sector can also be a priority to provide an idealistic human resources to create a clean Indonesia for the achievement of the dream of a welfare state.Keywords: Indonesia, Welfare State, Corruption, Poverty ABSTRAK:  Konsep negara kesejahteraan (welfare state) adalah gagasan bahwa negara bertanggung jawab atas warga negaranya, yaitu dengan jalan sejahterakan rakyatnya melalui pelayanan, bantuan, perlindungan dan pencegahan masalah-masalah sosial. Indonesia adalah salah satu peganut sistem ini dengan mengadopsi welfare state model minimal, yaitu dengan memberikan anggaran begitu kecil dalam pembelanjaan sosial. Sehingga pelayanan sosial diberikan hanya secara minimal serta pada umumnya diberikan kepada pegawai negeri, anggota ABRI dan pegawai swasta yang mampu membayar premi.  Dukungan secara konstitusional termuat dalam UUD’45 yaitu Pasal 23, 27, 28C, 31, 33, dan 34 yang selanjutnya ditindak lanjuti dengan UU. No. 40 Tahun 2004 tentang Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional yang dirasa masih keteteran karena undang-undang yang mestinya mendahuluinya justru terbit belakangan, hal ini justru memperlihatkan ketidak siapan pemerintah untuk menyelenggarakan konsep welfare state sekalipun dengan model minimal. Hal ini diperparah dengan kondisi negara Indonesia yang syarat dengan korupsi yang dapat dibuktikan melalui survay-survay internasional yang menyoroti masalah negara-negara yang dilanda korupsi. Di mana negara Indonesia menduduki rangking 107 negara dari 177 dengan indeks 34 dari 100 (merbupakan angka tertinggi). Seharusnya Indonesia tidak hanya terfokus pada bidang kesehatan saja dalam merealisir konsep welfare state, tetapi bidang pendidikan juga dapat dijadikan prioritas utama karena sebagai penghasil sumber daya manusia yang idealis, bermoral, bermental dan berakhlak untuk menciptakan Indonesia bersih demi tercapainya angan-angan negara kesejahteraan.Kata kunci: Negara Indonesia, Welfare state, Korupsi, kemiskinan.
Pemanfaatan E-Commerce Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Volume Penjualan Pada Mitra Keripik Pisang Arjuna Di Yosodadi Metro Timur
Authors: Vahlia Ira , Lelawati Nina
Published: September 2020

Small industry is a profitable business opportunity. The home industry partner of the banana arjuna chips is the banana chips of the home industry, the pride of Yosodadi Metro Timur Village, Lampung. The crispy chips made available are excellent for the Javanese provinces. But in its production every home industry has a variety of problems that make it impossible for home industries to grow and even go bankrupt because they are unable to keep up with the development of the world of commerce that follows developments that rely heavily on technology. Partners still use product sales manually, ie consumers come directly to partners to buy banana chips. To facilitate partners in the sale of banana chips, assistance is provided in partner communities in managing online marketing management and training in making e-commerce systems online, and conducting online system simulations to support the sales process optimally. To ensure the success of the program, an evaluation will be carried out at each stage of program development. So that the sustainability of the business unit will continue as an activity that can improve the economy of the community in the partner environment and can absorb local labor.
Kajian Kuat Tarik (Tensile Strength) Akar Serabut Rumput
Authors: Hartanto Daniel
Published: September 2020

Rumput merupakan tumbuhan yang mudah tumbuh dan merupakan vegetasi yang mudah tumbuh disegala kondisi tanah dan segala musim ( musim penghujan dan kemarau). Selain sebagai landcover, rumput merupakan salah satu tanaman yang selain sebagai landcover sekaligus akar rumput dapat berfungsi sangat efektif dalam mengendalikan erosi permukaan tanah terutama di daerah lerengan. Kontribusi kuat tarik akar rumput merupakan salah satu komponen dalam memproteksi tanah dari erosi permukaan. Objek penelitian adalah urmput jenis Kikuyu, merupakan rumput yang mendominasi lokasi Japan Pawiyatan Luhur - Bendan Duwur.

Kuat tarik rumput dengan diameter akar 0.8 sampai dengan 1.02 mm menghasilkan tensile strength 1.3647 sampai dengan 1.4576 kg/cm2.

Panjang akar maksimum yaitu 17.5 sampai dengan 22 cm menghasilkan tensile strength = 0.8891 sampai dengan 1.4576 kg/cm2.
Peran Visi Bagi Kelanggengan Bisnis Keluarga
Authors: Heryjanto Andreas
Published: September 2020

Business longevity is one of the goals of a family business, where business is expected to last for a long time, whether in the hands of family members or handled by professionals. The longevity of a family business is influenced by the values in it. Values that are needed in the family business are usually embedded in a vision. In vision contained the values, beliefs, principles, and binding promises, which characterize a family business.

The embodied vision by all owners and employees is able to satisfy customers, which ultimately perpetuates a family business. In order to realize the sustainability of the family business, integration between family harmony, tolerance of differences, participation and openness among stakeholders are needed.

Based on the business vision, the factors such as competitive value proposition, distinctive capabilities, dynamic capabilities, trust and commitment are created, which are useful for achieving the longevity of a family business.

ABSTRAK

Kelanggengan bisnis merupakan salah satu tujuan bisnis keluarga, di mana bisnis diharapkan dapat berlangsung dalam waktu yang lama, entah di tangan anggota keluarga ataupun ditangani oleh profesional. Kelanggengan suatu bisnis keluarga dipengaruhi oleh nilai-nilai yang ada di dalamnya. Nilai-nilai yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam bisnis keluarga biasanya terkandung dalam suatu visi. Di dalam visilah terkandung nilai-nilai, keyakinan, prinsip, dan janji yang mengikat, yang memberikan ciri khas suatu bisnis keluarga.

Pengejawantahan visi dengan tepat oleh seluruh pemilik dan karyawan mampu memuaskan pelanggan, yang akhirnya melanggengkan suatu bisnis keluarga. Untuk mewujudkan tercapainya kelanggengan bisnis keluarga tersebut, diperlukan keterpaduan antara harmoni keluarga, toleransi terhadap perbedaan, partisipasi dan keterbukaan di antara pemangku kepentingan.

Bersumber dari visi bisnis terciptalah faktor-faktor janji nilai bersaing, kemampuan unik, kemampuan dinamis, kepercayaan dan komitmen, yang bermanfaat untuk tercapainya kelanggengan suatu bisnis keluarga.
Sistem Pendukung Pengambilan Keputusan Kesesuaian Beasiswa Menggunakan Naive Bayes
Authors: Wicaksono Tan, Yohanes Christianto Aryo , Setianto YB Dwi
Published: September 2020

Until now there are no system that helps determine candidates who are eligible to receive the Sandjojo Foundation scholarship at Soegijapranata Catholic University. Therefore, scholarship recipients are sometimes not on target. This research can help solve problems by using the Naive Bayes algorithm as a medium for decision makers with criteria such as based on the student's GPA, the total income of parents, and must be an active student in the organization. Using previous registrant data, the Naive Bayes algorithm can study the data for each of the criteria entered to determine whether applicants qualify or not to receive scholarships from the Sandjojo Foundation. This research was made using a web-based application and has been tested four (4) times with a variety of test and training data, with an accuracy of around 50% to 65% and a time of less than three (3) seconds..
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MAHASISWA TADRIS IPA IAIN PALU PADA MATA KULIAH KONSEP DASAR IPA
Authors: Arda Arda
Published: September 2020

This research is descriptive research. It aims to find out profile of cognitive abilities students of Tadris IPA IAIN Palu who programmed the Basic Concepts of Natural Sciences courses. The research instrument was multiple choice questions that refers to the six revised Bloom’s Taxonomy level. The results of data analysis showed that the percentage of cognitive abilities students of Tadris IPA category very high were 5.6%, high were 72.2%, medium were 16.7% and low were 5.6%. Students of Tadris IPA have the ability remembering (C1) were 86%, understanding (C2) were 72%, applying (C3) were 61%, analyzing (C4) were 77%, evaluating (C5) were 42% and creating (C6) were 6%. Students of Tadris IPA have Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) higher than Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Therefore, learning needs to be done that can improve the ability of HOTS students of Tadris IPA.
Design of multilayer microfluidic paper chip and its visual detection of pesticide residues
Authors: Li zhi Li  , Han Ping Mao
Published: September 2020

With the increase of China's grain production, the use of pesticides is gradually increasing. Traditional pesticide detection takes a long time and requires expensive experimental instruments, which is not conducive to the rapid and accurate detection of pesticide residues in the field. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a visual detection method of pesticide residues based on multi-layer microfluidic paper chips. The internal channel structure of paper chip is designed from the perspective of efficient mixing. Through the simulation of the mixed effect of three kinds of staggered channel structures, which are arc type, triangle type, and ladder type, the "ladder-type h-0.3, s-2.6" is selected as the best-staggered structure, and the mixing strength is 0.91534. The best simulation structure was tested by a colored reagent, and the image processing of 15 test results was carried out with MATLAB. The average mixing strength was 0.84, and the and the standard deviation was 0.022. The visual detection experiment of acetamiprid and profenofos in cabbage samples was carried out by using the device，The detection range of acetamiprid was 4~72 μg/kg, and the detection range of profenofos was 3~54 μg/kg . The recovery of acetamiprid was 75%~85%, and the recovery of profenofos was 80%~90%. The detection range and recovery rate indicate that the device has high repeatability and accuracy in the actual sample detection
Investigation of the effects of storage with preservatives at room temperature or refrigeration without preservatives on urinalysis results for samples from healthy dogs
Authors: Aulakh Harmeet K. , Aulakh Karanvir S. , Ryan Kirk A. , Liu Chin-Chi , Acierno Mark J.
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

To compare urinalysis results for canine urine samples stored in preservative-containing tubes at room temperature (20°C to 25°C [68°F to 77°F]) or refrigerated at 4°C (39.2°F) in plain glass tubes with results for the same samples immediately after collection.

SAMPLES

Urine samples from 20 healthy dogs.

PROCEDURES

Urine samples (1/dog) were divided into 6 aliquots (3 in preservative-containing tubes and 3 in plain glass tubes). Preservative-containing tubes were stored at room temperature and plain glass tubes were refrigerated. Urinalysis was performed 0, 24, and 72 hours after collection. Results for both storage conditions were compared with results for a reference sample (the 0-hour [immediate post-collection] aliquot in a plain glass tube) by Spearman correlation analysis with pairwise tests for selected variables.

RESULTS

Physical variables (urine color and turbidity with and without centrifugation) for both storage conditions had high (rs = 0.7 to 0.9) or very high (rs = 0.9 to 1.0) degrees of positive correlation with reference sample results at all time points, except for color at 24 hours. Similar results were found for all biochemical variables with storage up to 72 hours. For microscopic characteristics, correlation with reference sample results ranged from low or nonsignificant to very high under both storage conditions.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that if a delay in urinalysis is expected, use of the preservative-containing tubes evaluated in this study may be a viable option for sample storage. Further research is warranted to assess direct comparability of results to those of freshly collected samples and use of these tubes to store samples from dogs with conditions affecting the urinary tract.
Fifteen-year surveillance of pathological findings associated with death or euthanasia in search-and-rescue dogs deployed to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack sites
Authors: Otto Cynthia M. , Hare Elizabeth , Buchweitz John P. , Kelsey Kathleen M. , Fitzgerald Scott D.
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVE

To compare the cause of death (COD; whether by natural death or euthanasia for poor quality of life caused by a primary pathological condition) between search-and-rescue (SAR) dogs deployed to the World Trade Center, Pentagon, or Fresh Kills Landfill on Staten Island following the 9/11 terrorist attacks and SAR dogs that were not deployed to these sites.

ANIMALS

95 deployed SAR dogs (exposed dogs) and 55 nondeployed SAR dogs (unexposed dogs).

PROCEDURES

Following natural death or euthanasia, 63 dogs (44 exposed and 19 unexposed) underwent a necropsy examination. For the remaining 87 dogs, the COD was categorized on the basis of information obtained from medical records or personal communications.

RESULTS

The median age of death was 12.8 years for exposed dogs and 12.7 years for unexposed dogs. The COD was not impacted by deployment status. In the 150 exposed and unexposed dogs, degenerative conditions were the most common COD followed by neoplasia. Respiratory disease was infrequent (overall, 7 [4.7%] dogs); 4 of 5 cases of pulmonary neoplasia occurred in unexposed dogs. However, in dogs that underwent necropsy, pulmonary particulates were reported significantly more often in exposed dogs (42/44 [95%]), compared with unexposed dogs (12/19 [63.2%]).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

No difference was found in the COD on the basis of disease category and organ system involved between exposed and unexposed SAR dogs. The long life spans and frequency of death attributed to degenerative causes (ie, age-related causes) suggested that the risk of long-term adverse health effects in this population of SAR dogs was low.
TIDAK ADA WAKTU: STUDI TENTANG ALASAN TIDAK MENGUNJUNGI MUSEUM
Authors: Hendrik Herman
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini menganalisis alasan-alasan sejumlah orang yang tidak pernah mengunjungi museum. Kajian mengenai hal tersebut dianggap vital mengingat kunjungan ke museum merupakan hal penting. Pentingnya kunjungan ke museum berhubungan dengan besarnya peran museum dalam masyarakat. Peran tersebut mencakup peran pendidikan dan peran ekonomi, yang berkaitan dengan fungsi museum yaitu pendidikan, penelitian, dan kesenangan. Dalam bidang pendidikan, museum dapat menjadi wahana belajar dan penelitian. Sementara itu, dalam bidang ekonomi, museum berperan sebagai daya tarik wisata. Data untuk tulisan ini didapat dari sebuah survei terhadap 50 orang responden, yang terdiri dari orang-orang yang tidak pernah mengunjungi museum seumur hidupnya. Survei dilakukan di sebuah taman yang berlokasi di depan sebuah pusat perbelanjaan di daerah Jakarta Timur. Berdasarkan data tersebut, tulisan ini berargumen bahwa alasan utama responden tidak mengunjungi museum yaitu terkait waktu, alternatif kegiatan, dan jarak. Sebagian besar responden menganggap bahwa mereka tidak memiliki waktu untuk berkunjung ke museum, lebih memilih melakukan hal lain, dan jarak dari tempat tinggalnya ke museum cukup jauh.
BENTANG ALAM SEBAGAI PENANDA PELABUHAN LAUT MASA LAMPAU: STUDI KASUS PADA LUKISAN PELABUHAN KUNO TERNATE DAN TIDORE
Authors: Setiawan Budiana
Published: September 2020

Di antara empat kesultanan di Maluku Utara yang disebut dengan Moloku Kie Raha, hanya Ternate dan Tidore yang berkembang menjadi kesultanan besar. Kedua kesultanan tersebut berpusat di pulau-pulau kecil, tetapi justru mempunyai pelabuhan laut yang ramai disinggahi para pedagang asing dengan komoditas utama rempah-rempah. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan bahwa mengapa Ternate dan Tidore dapat berkembang menjadi pelabuhan yang lebih ramai dikunjungi pedagang asing daripada pelabuhan-pelabuhan lain yang terletak di Halmahera, Bacan, dan pulau-pulau besar lainnya? Apakah karakteristik bentang alam pada pulau-pulau di kawasan Maluku Utara turut memengaruhi pedagang asing untuk menentukan pelabuhan mana yang akan mereka singgahi? Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah memperoleh penjelasan mengenai peran bentang alam dari pelabuhan laut dalam menentukan ramai atau tidaknya dikunjungi oleh pedagang asing. Metode yang digunakan adalah desk research (kajian pustaka). Data sekunder yang digunakan, yakni: sejarah kesultanan-kesultanan di Maluku Utara, teknik pelayaran pada masa lampau, peta kuno, dan lukisan pelabuhan kuno. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua pelabuhan tersebut mempunyai bentang alam dengan karakteristik yang khas, serta secara geografis mudah disinggahi kapal-kapal besar, sehingga lebih mempunyai kecenderungan untuk disinggahi pedagang-pedagang asing. Karakteristik khas bentang alam pada kedua pelabuhan tersebut adalah Gunung Gamalama di Pelabuhan Ternate dan Gunung Kie Matubu di Pelabuhan Tidore.
EDITORIAL DAN DAFTAR ISI, JURNAL KEBUDAYAAN, VOL. 15, NO. 1 TAHUN 2020
Authors: Jurnal Kebudayaan
Published: September 2020

Sebagai informasi, berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Menteri Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional Republik Indonesia, Nomor 85/M/KPT/2020 tentang Peringkat Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode I tahun 2020, tanggal 1 April 2020, Jurnal Kebudayaan saat ini ditetapkan sebagai Jurnal Ilmiah Terakreditasi Peringkat 4. Capaian akreditasi ini menjadi titik awal untuk meningkatkan kualitas Jurnal Kebudayaan pada periode yang akan datang, baik dari segi konten artikel maupun tampilan.

Sebagaimana terbitan sebelumnya, Jurnal Kebudayaan Volume 15, Nomor 1, tahun 2020 ini menampilkan topik-topik yang bervariasi, mulai dari permuseuman, sejarah, benda budaya sebagai media pembelajaran, pengembangan media digital, filsafat, hingga pariwisata budaya. Herman Hendrik menyoroti tentang rendahnya minat sebagian masyarakat untuk berkunjung ke museum dengan alasan tidak memiliki waktu dan jarak ke museum yang jauh. Adapun Budiana Setiawan menyampaikan pendapat bahwa karakteristik bentang alam yang melatarbelakangi pelabuhan-pelabuhan kuno turut memengaruhi ramai tidaknya pelabuhan kuno tersebut disinggahi pedagang-pedagang asing pada masa lampau. Sementara itu, Exsaris Januar mengkaji bagaimana carano (semacam wadah tradisional yang digunakan untuk upacara adat pada masyarakat Minang) dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran  atau literasi budaya terhadap peserta didik.

Selanjutnya, Defri Elias Simatupang menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan media partispasi publik elektronik atau E-Consultation dapat digunakan untuk membantu pemerintah daerah dalam membuat kebijakan yang terkait dengan pengelolaan Situs Bukit Karang Kawal Darat di Kabupaten Bintan, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Pada artikel lainnya, Fellyanus Habaora dan kawan-kawan menyampaikan bahwa cara pandang falsafah sains dari Fritjof Capra dapat digunakan untuk melihat dan menganalisis realitas ekologis secara ontologis dan holistik. Terakhir, Bambang H. Suta Purwana menyoroti tentang ketidakberhasilan komodifikasi budaya tradisional di Kampung Pitu, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.

Semua artikel tersebut diharapkan dapat memperkaya pengetahuan dan daya kritis para pembaca terhadap khazanah kebudayaan Indonesia. Akhir kata, Dewan Redaksi Jurnal Kebudayaan mengucapkan selamat membaca dan semoga mendapatkan manfaat dari artikel-artikel yang disajikan.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛЕТНЕГО ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ФОСФОРА, АЗОТА И ХЛОРОФИЛЛА-а В КРУПНОМ ЭВТРОФИРУЕМОМ АРКТИЧЕСКОМ ОЗЕРЕ ИМАНДРА (МУРМАНСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ) В СВЯЗИ С МАССОВЫМ РАЗВИТИЕМ ФОТОСИНТЕЗИРУЮЩИХ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ
Authors: Кашулин Н.А. , Бекклунд А.К. , Даувальтер В.А.
Published: September 2020

В крупном эвтрофируемом арктическом озере Имандра с начала XXI века наблюдается регулярное массовое размножение (цветение) потенциально токсичных фотосинтезирующих микроорганизмов, вызывающих гибель рыб и представляющих угрозу здоровью населения. Эти явления (Harmful Algal Blooms, HABs) происходят в оз. Имандра при значительно более низких температурах и содержаниях P и N по сравнению с более южными регионами. В связи с этим рассмотрены взаимосвязи и особенности летнего пространственного распределения хлорофилла а и соединений азота и фосфора в поверхностном горизонте вод озера. Сложная пространственная структура водоема, выраженные стоковые течения и мощные точечные антропогенные источники биогенных элементов создают условия для их градиентного распределения по акватории. Результаты их изучения приводят к выводу о совместном лимитировании развития HABs содержанием N и P в воде и их стехиометрическими соотношениями. При суммарных уровнях Pобщ < 17 мкг/л и Nобщ < 150 мкг/л вероятность HABs невелика. При Pобщ > 17 мкг/л фосфор не является лимитирующим элементом, и развитие HABs лимитируют соединения азота. При Nобщ > 180 мкг/л вероятность развития HABs повышается. Для большей части акватории характерны нахождение значительной части азота в органической форме и дефицит NO3– на фоне преобладания NH4+ среди минеральных форм. Это создает условия доминирования цианобактерий и успешного развития зеленых водорослей. При соотношениях концентраций [NO3–]:[NH4+] в диапазоне 0,1–1,0 существует высокая вероятность развития HABs, вызываемых цианобактериями. Развитию HABs будут способствовать концентрации NO3– > 2,5 мкг/л при концентрациях РО43– > 3,1 мкг/л. При этом индекс N:P должен превышать 9,7. Установленные критические уровни концентраций соединений N и P позволяют прогнозировать развитие HABs и способствуют пониманию механизмов его формирования в арктических водоемах.
Lithostratigraphy and sedimentology of the Middle Devonian Tra-Tra Formation, including the Grootrivier Member (Bokkeveld Group, Cape Supergroup), South Africa
Authors: Penn-Clarke C.R. , Theron J.N.
Published: September 2020

The Tra-Tra Formation is a predominantly argillaceous, shallow marine to paralic sedimentary succession of Eifelian (Middle Devonian) age within the Bokkeveld Group (Cape Supergroup) that crops out extensively within the Cape Fold Belt of South Africa. It comprises three discrete lithofacies associations (termed E-G) which are interpreted as deposits of channelised tidal flat-lagoons, transgressive beach-barriers and wave-influenced prodeltas to distal delta-fronts. They accumulated within a series of incised coastal-plain valley-fill system along the palaeoshoreline of the Cape Basin following a protracted forced regressive phase during sedimentation of the underlying Hex River Formation. A discrete, geographically-extensive, 25 to 30 m thick, single or double, positive-weathering tabular sandstone within the Tra-Tra Formation is recognised herein as the Grootrivier Member. Palaeontologically, the Tra-Tra Formation comprises a restricted fauna of Malvinokaffric Realm invertebrates, fish and plant fossils that are of biostratigraphic importance in inferring its Eifelian age.
La ocupación en la Gerontología: una perspectiva crítica del Modelo de Ocupación Humana
Authors: Krzemien Deisy , Miranda Claudia , Martin Noelia Giselle
Published: September 2020

Desde la Terapia Ocupacional en el campo de la Gerontología, se propone una reflexión crítica sobre el uso del Modelo de Ocupación Humana en el abordaje de la ocupación en el envejecimiento, reconociendo la emergencia de la perspectiva crítica, los aportes del paradigma del curso de vida en la comprensión holística y contextual de la vejez, y la concepción de envejecimiento saludable. Se revisan los postulados principales del modelo en cuanto a la adaptación ocupacional, la volición, la habituación, la capacidad de desempeño y los entornos en la vejez. Se analiza la participación social en actividades significativas de la persona mayor en la construcción de la vida ocupacional y el rol de la narrativa en la adaptación ocupacional en el envejecimiento. Esta reflexión tiene implicaciones en la fundamentación de la intervención ocupacional en el envejecimiento, tanto desde la perspectiva terapéutica como en la promoción de la salud y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. En definitiva, el análisis favorece el uso del Modelo de Ocupación Humana en la práctica profesional gerontológica.
Aproximaciones a la práctica de Terapia Ocupacional en salud pública: una revisión temática
Authors: Ramos Ramos Lady Dayana , Herrera Páez Danny Giseth , Sa´nchez López Paula Alejandra , Rojas Castillo Claudia Patricia
Published: September 2020

La Terapia Ocupacional ha ampliado su actuación en diferentes campos, uno de ellos, el de la salud pública. Este artículo realiza una aproximación a los antecedentes de la práctica de la profesión en ese escenario. Para identificar este recorrido, se revisaron 18 artículos, tres documentos institucionales y dos tesis de pregrado en los cuales se encontraron antecedentes teóricos, de investigación y experiencias en Sudáfrica, India, España, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Chile, Brasil, Argentina, Venezuela y Colombia. Se enfatizó en el contexto colombiano identificando aspectos relevantes en el Perfil profesional y competencias del terapeuta ocupacional. Se concluye que la Terapia Ocupacional puede generar un impacto determinante desde la atención primaria en salud, a partir de acciones a nivel individual y colectivo que contribuyen al mejoramiento de la salud de las comunidades.
Lineamientos del Colegio Colombiano de Terapia Ocupacional para la atención hospitalaria aguda y subaguda de pacientes con COVID-19
Authors: Talero Cabrejo Pamela , Guacaneme García Francy , Montufar Dulce Ruth , Rubio Grillo María Helena , León Perilla Viviana Marcela , Beltrán Laine Yolanda , Duarte Torres Sylvia Cristina
Published: September 2020

El amplio espectro clínico de la enfermedad COVID-19 tiene importantes implicaciones funcionales para el cuidado hospitalario agudo y subagudo en unidades de cuidado intensivo. Ante la emergencia sanitaria desencadenada por esta enfermedad, el Colegio Colombiano de Terapia Ocupacional convocó a un grupo de profesionales expertas en el área para proveer lineamientos para terapeutas ocupacionales que participan en la rehabilitación temprana de pacientes con COVID-19 en Colombia. Se realizó una revisión de literatura sobre la clasificación y las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad, la efectividad de la rehabilitación temprana adulta, pediátrica y neonatal, y el rol y la experiencia de profesionales en Terapia Ocupacional en el uso de guías de salud existentes. Un consenso de expertas determinó la aplicabilidad de los lineamientos al contexto colombiano. Terapia Ocupacional, como parte del equipo de rehabilitación temprana, juega un papel fundamental en la restauración y el mantenimiento de la independencia funcional; la adaptación del ambiente y el acondicionamiento holístico gradual de las funciones respiratorias, cardiovasculares, sensoriomotoras y cognitivas durante las actividades básicas cotidianas, y la prevención del deterioro físico, mental, espiritual y social de la persona hospitalizada y su familia. Estos lineamientos constituyen un recurso técnico y educativo relevante para la Terapia Ocupacional hospitalaria.
Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version of Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQTR)/
Authors: HANÇERLİOĞLU Sadik , KONAKÇI Gülbin , ÇAKIR Orhan , ŞENUZUN AYKAR Fisun
Published: September 2020

Giriş: KOAH hastaları için bilgi düzeyi değerlendirme formları incelendiğinde, Bristol KOAH Bilgi Düzeyi Soru Formu’nun Türkçeye uyarlanması ve psikometrik çalışmaların yapılması, KOAH hastalarının eğitiminde önemli bir gereksinimi karşılayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Amaç: Bu araştırma Bristol KOAH Bilgi Düzeyi Soru Formu’nu Türkçeye uyarlamak, geçerliliğini ve güvenilirliğini test etmek için metodolojik bir çalışma olarak yürütülmüştür.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma verileri bir üniversite hastanesinin acil servisine Mayıs ve Aralık 2019 arasında KOAH akut alevlenme belirtileri ile başvuran ve daha önce KOAH tanısı almış ve durumu acil serviste stabilize olmuş, çalışmaya katılmak için gönüllü olan 173 kişiden toplanmıştır. Dil geçerliliğinde ileri ve geri çeviriler kullanılmıştır. İçerik Geçerlilik İndeksini (CVI) belirlemek için uzman görüşleri alınmıştır. Güvenilirliği değerlendirmek için Cronbach’ın alfa ve test-tekrar test güvenilirliği kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Form, analizler sonucunda CVI 0.88 (0.82-1.00), Cronbach Alpha değeri 0.75 ve test-tekrar test ICC değerin 0.95 olarak bulunmuştur

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak formun Türk toplumu için yüksek geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğe sahip olduğuna karar verilmiştir.
Approximately self-consistent ensemble density functional theory: toward inclusion of all correlations
Authors: Gould Tim
Published: September 2020

Recent theory developments in ensemble density functional theory (EDFT) promise to bring decades of work for ground-states to the practical resolution of excited-states - provided newly-discovered "density-driven correlations" can be dealt with and adequate effective potentials can be found. This Letter introduces simple theories for both; and shows that EDFT using these theories outperforms ΔSCF DFT and time-dependent DFT for low-lying gaps in most of the small atoms and molecules tested, even when all use the same density functional approximations. It thus establishes EDFT as a promising tool for low-cost studies of excited states; and provides a clear route to practical EDFT implementation of arbitrary functional approximations.
Green Synthesis: A Novel Method for Bromination of 7-AminoPhthalide
Authors: Gondi Sudershan Reddy
Published: September 2020

A novel method for preparing a bromo substituted 7-Amino-phthalides and 7-Amino-3-hydroxy-phthalides via the bromonium ion intermediate under acidic conditions athigher temperature were developed. The results will illustrate the potential utility of thismethod as an environment-friendly process for synthesis of bromo substituted aryl amines,along with conservation of half mole equivalent of halides.
An Absurd Concept of Self-Medication: A Case of Oral Chemical Burn
Authors: Yagyeshwar Malhotra  , Parul Uppal Malhotra  , Neera Ohri  , Anindita Mallik
Published: September 2020

A chemical burn is seen in oral cavity after a noxious agent is placed in direct contact with the mucosa as a mode of self treatment or iatrogenically by dentist. Mild lesions due to less irritating agents result in mild alteration in texture, while more severe lesions (soreness to outright pain) are due to more irritating agents and because of agents of longer duration of contact. Commonly used chemicals used by patients for tooth pain are aspirin which is placed next to the offending tooth and OTC preparations. The essential oil based preparations are easily available in pharmacies or are prepared by local people. These medicaments can harm a patient if not used under medical or ayurvedic supervision as they have beneficial plant extracts, essential oils etc. A case of such self inflicted chemical burn of the oral mucosa is reported due to use of clove oil preparation available locally, used with varying amount and frequency. History of using over the counter medicaments for dental ailment should be asked when patients visit the dentist with complains of burning or white patch in mouth.
An Online KAP Study to Access Contraceptive Use Among Reproductive Females in North-Western India
Authors: Naveen Verma  , John Karthik  , Sameer Jain
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION: The use of contraceptives has been practiced since thousand of years and if used correctly can lead to birth control. AIM: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of contraceptive of reproductive females aged 18 years and above.MATERIALS AND METHOD: The present study was cross-sectional in nature and included married females above 18 years of age were asked to fill up an online questionnaire, divided into 4 sections and containing 17 questions. After application of descriptive statistics, the multivariate logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation was applied. p value was significant when it was ≤0.05RESULTS: Most respondents has poor knowledge (54.5%) of contraceptives with the most preferred method of contraception being OCP (36.3%) closely followed by condoms (36.1%). Awareness regarding emergency use on contraceptives was mostly seen to be poor (43.9%). The most common method used for contraception was condoms (49.7%%), followed by IUDs (15.6%),Injectables (14.3%) and OCPs(12.7%). Only a few (5.3%) did not practice any method for contraception and 2.4% underwent sterilization. the multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant relation (p=0.03) while and Pearson’s correlation (p=0.76) revealed a strong association. CONCLUSION: There is a need to educate females more about the various methods of contraception to promote their reproductive health
Awareness on possible Ayurvedic treatment to prevent Covid-19 - A survey
Authors: Sutharshan G S  , Keerthi Sasanka
Published: September 2020

COVID-19 is pneumonia associated viral infection that originated from Wuhan city in December 2019. The virus appears to be spherical in appearance with proteins called spikes protruding from the surface. Ayurveda plays a vital role in boosting the immunity of our body against the pandemic outbreak COVID-19. The study aims to be aware of possible Ayurvedic treatment to prevent COVID-19. An online survey was conducted with a self-structured questionnaire using an online survey platform google forms. The link was shared through social media. A total of 100 responses were received. The responses recorded from the participants showed that the participants possess adequate knowledge about the covid-19 infection, and they possess sufficient awareness of the possible role of Ayurveda on boosting immunity against COVID-19. Around 68% of the respondents showed positive responses towards ayurvedic treatment to prevent COVID-19.Showing responses for questions about diet patterns, plays a vital role in preventing COVID19 - positive responses is 41%. The study concluded that during this pandemic outbreak, most of the participants are aware of the origin, cause, mode of the spread, treatment options and the initiatives taken by the government to prevent this pandemic. So, therefore, it concludes that Ayurveda plays a significant role in the process of boosting immunity against covid-19.
Dietary and living regimen of covid-19 with special reference to Ayurveda Varsha and Sharad Ritucharya
Authors: Amit Biswas  , KunalChandankhede
Published: September 2020

Wuhan originated Covid-19 disease is caused by SARC-COV 2 virus. It is a contagious disease it spread all over the world. World health organization declared a global pandemic disease. In Covid-19 immunity plays an important role. In old age people or having other co-morbid conditions the mortality rate is more. Ayurveda has a big role in improved immunity or to intact immunity. The principle of Ayurveda is to keep individual swastha (diseases free). To maintain individual disease-free Ritucharya is one of the important subjects of Ayurveda. Aimed of study is to find out Ritucharya literature from the Ayurveda and modern research specifically Varsha and Sharad ritu. Ritucharya contains dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine, and contraindicated things those changing according to environmental change. Upcoming season in India is Varsha and Sharad ritu. Environmental changes are huge in this season and it directly affected human beings. So this study reveals property of ritu, dietary regimen, living modification, common medicine and contraindicated things in upcoming varsha and sharad ritu.
Immunomodulatory measures to strengthen the body during Covid outbreak
Authors: Gauri Boharupi  , Priyanka Shelotkar
Published: September 2020

COVID-19 is a disease caused by coronavirus; it is also called a SARS-COV-2 virus. Over the last six months, it has spread rapidly worldwide and made it a pandemic. The pandemic has forced people to stay indoors and work, which may increase chronic diseases among them. Immunomodulators are the substances which influence the immune system. It includes some medications as well as some activities like exercise, Yoga, meditation etc. Elderly citizens who used to walk generally before lockdown may suffer from pedestrian problems including hyperthyroidism, sugar problems blood. When the media used to do the work regularly, we had one kind of stress to do all the desired or targeted work on time. But now the person became very lazy due to self-reliant schedule that may lead to many diseases. So physical exercise is essential in this pandemic situation. Physical activity results in better immune response, which may result in many health benefits. An individual who regularly does physical exercises is healthy and fit in every aspect that can beat any of the diseases. It can also refine cardiovascular risk factor. In addition to this, it also enhances - pro thrombogenesis, improves endothelial functions, increases inculcation, depletes sympathetic tone and some other undefined factors. But all these have been put at bay due to Covid-19 pandemic. It is challenging to keep up an exercise routine due to daily restricted movements. Physical exercise helps in boosting the immune system of our body which reduces stress, anxiety. Brain gets the supplement of endorphins, chemicals that revitalise one's mind and body enriching the mental and spiritual faculty of an individual.