bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF SURROGACY
Authors:   L.V. Zarapina Russian state University of justice, Zarapina L.V. , Belokopytova N.Yu. ,   N.Yu. Belokopytova Institute of service, tourism and design (branch) of Federal state Autonomous educational institution of higher professional education North-Caucasian Federal University in Pyatigorsk
Published: October 2021

The article examines the theoretical and practical issues of legal regulation of the institute of surrogacy in the context of the current legislation. The authors analyze the positive and negative aspects of the institute under consideration, as well as the prospects for its application in Russian civil law. It is concluded that the public assessment of the current legal regulation of surrogacy in Russia is ambiguous, and the ongoing scientific discussions reinforce the need for early legislative reform. The authors note the fragmentary and not systematic approach of the authorities in the application of the law on surrogacy, due to the problem of legal regulation, as evidenced by the materials of judicial practice. The authors come to the conclusion that the considered institution of surrogacy, despite its positive aspects, needs adjustments and changes regarding the measures of responsibility for non – performance of the contract, determining the circle of persons participating in the contract, fixing the obligation of the surrogate mother to transfer the child born to her genetic parents.
FEATURES OF RESPONSIBILITY OF A MEDICAL ORGANIZATION FOR CAUSING THE PATIENT'S HEALTH
Authors:   Yu.N. Slepenok Institute of Service, Tourism and Design (Branch) of the North Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk, Slepenok Yu.N. , Stankevich G.V. ,   G.V. Stankevich Pyatigorsk State University, Stepanova L.P. ,   L.P. Stepanova Institute of Service, Tourism and Design (Branch) of the North Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the particular conditions of holding medical organizations accountable for causing harm to the health of patients. The conditions of civil liability, as well as the degree of responsibility of a medical organization in the provision of medical services, are analyzed. The authors are of the opinion that medical care should be organized in accordance with the procedures, conditions and standards for the provision of such care, however, the standards cannot cover all the options that may arise during the provision of medical care, therefore they are aimed at creating an average “sample”, to determine the approximate order of possible actions carried out by medical personnel. Attention is also paid to the consideration of the features of causing harm to the patient’s health, depending on whether the harm was caused in the provision of medical care or medical services. In conclusion, it was concluded that the conditions for bringing medical organizations to justice should include: unlawful action (inaction), harm, a causal relationship between unlawful action and harm, as well as the fault of the injurer.
Prevalence and pattern of echocardiographic abnormalities among patients on haemodialysis at an urban hospital in Central Uganda
Authors: Kansiime Grace , Kalyesubula Robert , Okello Emmy , Ocama Ponsiano
Published: October 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and premature mortality in patients on chronic haemodialysis. There are limited data on cardiac abnormalities among these patients in sub-Saharan Africa, including Uganda. We determined the prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic (echo) abnormalities among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on haemodialysis at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Methods: Eighty patients with ESRD on chronic haemodialysis were enrolled in the study over a period of five months from November 2017 to March 2018. We collected data on demographic and baseline clinical characteristics by reviewing charts and conducting patient interviews. Participants had blood pressure measurements performed and blood samples taken for laboratory investigations. We then conducted a cardiac evaluation using standard transthoracic echo protocols. Bivariable and multivariable analysis was performed to study associations with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Results: Fifty-three of the 80 patients (66%) were male, mean age was 49 ± 16 years and the median duration on dialysis was 9.5 months (interquartile range 4–24 months). Twenty-eight (35%) had to travel >50 km to access dialysis. Seventy-four patients (93%) had at least one cardiac echo abnormality and 30% had at least three abnormalities. Left ventricular hypertrophy (68%) and diastolic dysfunction (64%) were the most common abnormalities. There was a high prevalence of factors that have previously been associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction including anaemia (79%), poorly controlled hypertension (79%) and dyslipidaemia (56%) but none of these was statistically significantly associated in this study. Conclusions: Our study confirmed a high prevalence of cardiac abnormalities among a young population of African patients with ESRD on chronic dialysis. We recommend that echocardiography be part of the routine care to help plan early intervention for those at high risk of cardiovascular events.
Improving Law Enforcement and Indigenous Relations
Authors: Roach Kent
Published: October 2021

On February 18, 2021, the Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies (CASIS) Vancouver hosted its second digital roundtable of 2021, where Law Professor, Kent Roach from the University of Toronto presented on Improving Law Enforcement and Indigenous Relations. The presentation was followed by a question and answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS executives.
Advances in Wind Farm Layout Optimization: Wind Direction Robustness and Wake Induced Asymmetric Thrust Load
Authors:   Rostock University, Environmental Science, Croonenbroeck Carsten , Hennecke David ,   Rostock University, Geodesy and Geoinformatics
Published: October 2021

In this study, we address the wind farm layout optimization (WFLO) problem and tackle the issue of optimal turbine placement by incorporating additional aspects of an economically driven target function. Firstly, we have analyzed the effect of wind direction on a given turbine arrangement. Based on the direction-dependent wake pattern, practitioners sometimes shut down certain turbines on their farms. Our method computes which turbines should be shut down in which wake situation. On this basis, we have developed a method of finding new turbine setups that rarely require shutdowns and are, in a certain sense, “robust” against changes to the wind direction. Secondly, we have presented a partial coverage Jensen wake model in three-dimensional space and have provided the tools for reducing or avoiding wake-induced asymmetric thrust on the rotor disc of the turbine, which leads to reduced energy yield and accelerated wear. This aspect can also be used for finding new turbine setups that take partial coverage into account and avoid it if necessary. Overall, the application of the refinements suggested in this study will result in an increased yearly profit achieved from the produced energy in a wind farm. This is an aspect that decision-makers, such as farm planners/operators, might depend on in a market that typically possesses narrow profit margins. Our methods find entrance into the open-source research framework that comes as the package wflo for the statistical software R.
Unexpected Associations between the Number of FRAXE Repeats in Boys and Evidence of Diabetes in Their Mothers and Maternal Grandmothers
Authors:   Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, U.K, Golding Jean , Clark Rosie ,   Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, U.K, Gregory Steven ,   Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, U.K, Ellis Genette ,   Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, U.K, Suderman Matthew ,   MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, U.K, Iles-Caven Yasmin ,   Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, U.K, Pembrey Marcus E. ,   Centre for Academic Child Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, U.K
Published: October 2021

The FRAXE section of the FMR2 gene, located on the X chromosome, contains varying numbers of trinucleotide repeats; boys with over 200 repeats tend to have mild cognitive impairments, though this is rare. Little is known, however, concerning the phenotypes of individuals with smaller numbers of repeats. Here we answer the research question as to whether the health of ancestors of boys from whom the relevant X chromosome was inherited differed in any way according to the number of FRAXE repeats. Numbers of FRAXE repeats in 5057 boys from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) were assessed. The distribution was bimodal, with the second smaller distribution starting at 22 repeats. We tested whether possession of 22+ repeats was associated with differences in the health of mothers (who share the X chromosome) and maternal grandmothers (half of whom share it). Female ancestors of boys with >21 repeats compared with <22 showed that maternal grandmothers (MGM) and mothers (M) had an increased risk of diabetes: MGM Type I odds ratio (OR) 2.40 [95%CI: 1.07,5.38]; MGM Type II OR 1.61 [0.96,2.70]; M OR 1.95 [0.96,3.94] using self-reported questionnaire measures. These results were confirmed from maternal medical records which revealed an increased level of diabetes [OR 2.40 (1.16,4.96)] and an increased risk of repeated glycosuria during pregnancy [OR 1.60 (1.08,2.36)]. We tested numbers of FRAXA repeats and showed no such associations, indicating that the findings were not associated with triploid repeats in general. If these findings are replicated elsewhere, there are at least three possible interpretations: (i) maternal diabetes/prediabetes results in an increased number of FRAXE repeats; (ii) women with high numbers of FRAXE repeats are at increased risk of diabetes; or (iii) some common factor, e.g. genomic instability, results in both diabetes and increased repeats.
Eating disorders
Authors: Garner David M. , Keiper Christopher D.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Therapist competency is fundamental to the success in treating most psychological disorders. However, the skills required to effectively treat eating disorders may be more demanding than many other problems, because competency requires mastery of considerable educational information about physical complications associated with eating-disorder symptoms and chronic weight suppression. The cognitive-behavioral model of treatment has become well-defined in recent years; however, the mark for therapist competency continues to rise as the knowledge base has expanded with the high level of clinical and research interest in eating disorders. The guidelines provided in this paper are intended to provide a springboard for the training and supervision to improve patient care.Key Words: Eating disorders, eating disorders treatment, cognitive-behavioral treatment, clinician competencies.Resumen. La competencia del terapeuta es fundamental para el éxito en el tratamiento de los Trastornos Psicológicos. Sin embargo, las habilidades que se requieren para tratar eficazmente los Trastornos del Comportamiento Alimentarios pueden ser más demandantes que para otros problemas, porque la competencia requiere del dominio de considerable información educativa acerca de las complicaciones físicas asociadas con los síntomas de los Trastornos Alimentarios y la supresión crónica de peso. El modelo de tratamiento  cognitivo-conductual se ha convertido en el mejor definido en recientes  años, sin embargo, el marco de la competencia del terapeuta continúa aumentando, dado que, la base de conocimientos se ha ampliado con el alto nivel de interés en la investigación clínica y en los trastornos alimentarios. Las directrices que proporciona  este artículo tiene objetivo servir de trampolín para la formación y supervisión para mejorar la atención al paciente.Palabras claves: Trastornos alimentarios, tratamiento de trastorno alimentario, tratamiento cognitivo-conductual, competencias clínicas
Anthropometric correlates of muscle obsession / Correlatos antropométricos de la obsesión por la musculatura
Authors: Camacho Ruiz Esteban Jaime , Escoto Ponce de León María del Consuelo , Cedillo Garrido Carlos Martín , Díaz Castillo Ricardo
Published: October 2021

Abstract To date, few studies have assessed the relationship between anthropometric measures and drive for muscularity (DM). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine anthropometric correlates of DM. 76 college men answered the Drive for Muscularity Scale, and individually their weight, height and four skinfolds (biceps, triceps, suprascapular, and suprailiac) were measured. There were no significant correlations between DMS total score and anthropometric indicators (body mass index, body density, body-fat percentage, fat-free mass index, and waist to hip ratio). Anthropometric indices were not related to the DM, suggesting that the current body composition of participants was not related to the DM. The fact that the fat-free mass index was not associated with DM is significant because we expect more DM in men with average muscularity. One possible explanation is that the DM could be associated with body shape, rather than lean body mass. The findings of this study increase our understanding of the DM in men and may help in designing interventions to decrease the DM. Key words: Drive for Muscularity Scale, body mass index, fat-free mass index, body-fat percentage, male.   Resumen A la fecha, pocos estudios han evaluado la relación entre las medidas antropométricas y la obsesión por la musculatura (OM). Por lo anterior, el propósito de este estudio fue examinar los correlatos antropométricos de la OM. 76 varones universitarios contestaron la Escala de Obsesión por la Musculatura e individualmente se midió su peso, su talla y cuatro panículos adiposos (biceps, triceps, supraescapular y suprailiaco). No se observaron correlaciones significativas entre la puntuación total de la OM y los indicadores antropométricos (índice de masa corporal, densidad corporal, porcentaje de grasa, índice de masa libre de grasa e índice cintura cadera). Los índices antropométricos no se relacionaron con la OM, lo cual sugiere que la composición corporal actual de los participantes no se relaciona con la OM. El hecho de que el índice de masa libre de grasa no se relacionó con la OM es notable porque se esperaría mayor OM en los hombres con musculatura media. Una posible explicación es que la OM podría asociarse con la figura corporal, más que con la masa muscular corporal. Los hallazgos del presente estudio incrementan nuestro conocimiento de la OM en varones y pueden contribuir en el diseño de intervenciones enfocadas a disminuir la OM. Palabras clave: Escala de Obsesión por la Musculatura, índice de masa corporal, índice de masa libre de grasa, porcentaje de grasa corporal, varones.
Psychophysiological reaction to exposure of thin women images in college students / Reacción psicofisiológica a la exposición de imágenes de mujeres delgadas en universitarias
Authors: Zuvirie Hernández Rosa Margarita , Rodríguez Ortiz María Dolores
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Social standards of beauty profitness model is leading some young women to worry, especially those that are more susceptible to these models. The thin ideal internalization is a risk factor in development of body image concern. Therefore it was important to conduct a study that contemplate thoughts through body image and psychophysiological reaction to images of thin women. Psychophysiological assessment was conducted with 40 women between 19 and 25 age college students. The sample was divided in two groups: the group with negative thoughts toward body image and group with positive thoughts. We used a exploratory design. The statistical analysis found non statistically significant differences in the psychophysiological reaction to images of thin women in the group with positive and negative thoughts toward body image. These results indicate that exposure to these images does not cause variations in the psychophysiological reaction of women, because they have no significant body dissatisfaction, indicating the need to employ better methods to assess body image.   Key Words. Body Image, Thoughts, Thinness, Psychophysiological Assessment,    Resumen. Los estándares sociales del modelo de belleza prodelgadez, está llevando a que algunas mujeres jóvenes se preocupen, especialmente aquellas más susceptibles a estos modelos. A partir de esto la internalización del ideal de delgadez representa un factor de riesgo en el desarrollo de la preocupación por la imagen corporal. Por ello, fue importante realizar un estudio que contemplara el tipo de pensamientos hacia la imagen corporal y la reacción psicofisiológica ante imágenes de mujeres delgadas. Para tal efecto se realizó una evaluación psicofisiológica a 40 mujeres de 19 a 25 años estudiantes de Licenciatura. La muestra se dividió en dos grupos: el grupo con pensamientos negativos hacia la imagen corporal y el grupo con pensamientos positivos. Se utilizó un diseño exploratorio. Los resultados del estudio indican que no hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la reacción psicofisiológica ante imágenes de mujeres delgadas en el grupo con pensamientos positivos y negativos hacia la imagen corporal. Dichos resultados señalan que la exposición a estas imágenes no provoca variaciones en la reacción psicofisiológica de las mujeres, probablemente debido a que ellas no tienen insatisfacción corporal significativa, lo que muestra que es necesario emplear mejores métodos para evaluar la imagen corporal.   Palabras Clave. Imagen Corporal, Pensamientos, Delgadez, Evaluación Psicofisiológica.
Are relevant self-reflection and volition process in lose weight programs? / ¿Son relevantes los procesos volitivos y de autorreflexión en los programas de reducción de peso?
Authors: Gordillo Fernando , Mestas Lilia , Arana José M. , Salvador Judith , Gordillo Alicia , Tinao José Francisco
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Overweight has become one of the most important health problems in the last hundred years, not only owing to the deterioration in quality of life of the persons suffering from it, but also because of its relation to diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Development. Most treatments are oriented towards maintai- ning a balance between intake (diet) and expenditure of energy (physical activity), whereas psychological, and to a lesser degree, socio-demographic, factors do not receive they attention they deserve for their role in the etiology and development of this health problem. Objective. To analyze and reflect, based on the most recent scientific literature, about the need to educate and train individuals in two central process that induce weight loss: self-reflection and volition, very closely related to correct psychological development. Conclusions. Focusing on volitional and self-reflexive aspects of behavior in persons who are overweight could improve the effectiveness of treatment owing to the close relation between motivation ("wanting to lose weight") and self-concept ("one's image of oneself"), processes that have been shown to be important in weight reduction. Key words: self-concept, self-reflection, overweight, volition, motivation  Resumen. El sobrepeso se ha convertido en uno de los problemas de salud más importantes en el último siglo, no sólo por el deterioro en la calidad de vida de las personas que lo sufren, también por su relación con enfermedades como la diabetes, las cardiopatías y el cáncer. Desarrollo. La mayoría de los tratamientos están orientados a mantener el equilibrio entre el ingreso (dieta) y el gasto (actividad física) energético, mientras los factores psicológicos, y en menor grado los sociodemográficos, no reciben la importancia que merecen por su papel en la etiología y desarrollo de este problema de salud. Objetivo. Analizar y reflexionar, a través de la literatura cien- tífica presente en los últimos años, sobre la necesidad de educar y entrenar en dos procesos centrales e inductores de la pérdida de peso, como son la autorreflexión y la volición, muy relacionados con el correcto desarrollo psicológico de las personas. Conclusiones. La focalización en los aspectos volitivos y autorreflexivos de la conducta en personas con sobrepeso podría mejorar la efectividad del tratamiento por la estrecha relación que mantienen con la motivación ("querer adelgazar") y el autoconcepto ("imagen de uno mismo"), procesos éstos que se han mostrado importantes en la reducción de peso. Palabras Clave: autoconcepto, autorreflexión, sobrepeso, volición, motivación
Eating behaviors and eating disorders symptomatology in nutrition students / Conductas alimentarias y sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario en estudiantes de nutrición
Authors: Chávez-Rosales Edelia , Camacho Ruíz Esteban Jaime , Maya Martínez María De los Ángeles , Márquez Molina Ofelia
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Eating disorders are psychopathological problems that currently are becoming important due to its increased incidence in certain population groups. The objective of this study was to analyze eating behaviors and eating disorders symptomatology in nutrition students from a public university of the east of State of Mexico. A battery of tests was applied to 182 students (157 women and 25 men) with an average age of 20.5 years (SD = 2.72). Results showed 8.8% of participants with eating disorders symptomatology, finding independence with the body mass index; however, with the fat percentage we found significant differences. We found body dissatisfaction in 33.51%, although compensatory behaviors were not a predominant factor in this group, however, findings shows latent risk that is increasing by the socio-cultural influence of the body aesthetic model and affect body dissatisfaction, and changes in eating behavior, despite in his academic training students acquired theoretical knowledge about this psychopathologies.   Key words: Eating disorders, eating behavior, nutrition students, risk behaviors, risk group.   Resumen. Los trastornos del comportamiento alimentario son problemas psicopatológicos que en la actualidad están adquiriendo importancia por el incremento de su incidencia en ciertos grupos de población. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las conductas alimentarias y la presencia de sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario en los estudiantes de nutrición de una universidad pública del oriente del Estado de México. Se aplicó una batería de pruebas, en 182 alumnos (157 mujeres y 25 hombres) con un promedio de edad de 20.5 años (DE = 2.72). Los resultados mostraron 8.8% de participantes con sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario, hallando independencia con la variable índice de masa corporal, no obstante, en el porcentaje de grasa si se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La insatisfacción corporal, se presentó en 33.51%, aunque las conductas compensatorias no fueron un factor predominante en este grupo, sin embargo, los hallazgos muestran riesgo latente que se incrementa por la influencia sociocultural del modelo estético corporal e introyecta insatisfacción corporal y cambios en la conducta alimentaria, a pesar de que en su formación académica los estudiantes de nutrición adquieren el conocimiento teórico sobre estas psicopatologías.   Palabras clave: Trastornos alimentarios, conducta alimentaria, estudiantes de nutrición, conducta de riesgo, grupo de riesgo.
The existential analysis of anorexia nervosa: From psychiatric science to its foundations / El análisis existencial de la anorexia nerviosa: De la ciencia psiquiátrica a su fundamentación
Authors: Figueroa Gustavo
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The field of anorexia nervosa is experiencing a great deal of activity at present with predominantly practical and empirical issues. In contrast, theoretical and methodological considerations have rather been neglected. The term existential analysis (Daseinsanalyse) was introduced by Binswanger basing his approach on Martin Heidegger, to characterize a method for investigating psychopathological phenomena. The Daseinsanalytic view of the anorexia nervosa and its world ask just to look at the phenomena themselves, as they confront the psychiatrist. The statements are extremely strict, careful, and subtle, descriptions and expositions of the essential aspects and features of anorectics, of their being-in-the-world.   Key words: Existential analysis, science, fundamentals, anorexia nervosa, methodology.   Resumen. El campo de la anorexia nerviosa está experimentando una gran actividad, especialmente en los aspectos prácticos y empíricos. Por el contrario, las consideraciones teóricas y metodológicas han sido descuidadas. El análisis existencial (Daseinsanalyse) fue introducido por Binwanger basándose en Martin Heidegger, para caracterizar un método para investigar los fenómenos psicopatológicos. La perspectiva analítico-existencial de la anorexia y su mundo sólo pide mirar los fenómenos mismos, tal como le hacen frente al psiquiatra. Sus aseveraciones son descripciones estrictas, cuidadosas y sutiles que exponen los aspectos esenciales de las anorécticas, su ser-en-el-mundo.   Palabras clave: Análisis existencial, anorexia nerviosa, ciencia, fundamentación, metodología.
Body image before and after bariatric surgery: Perceptions of young-adults women / Imagen corporal antes y después de cirugía bariátrica: Percepciones de mujeres jóvenes-adultas
Authors: Cruzat-Mandich Claudia , Díaz-Castrillón Fernanda , García Troncoso Andrea , Díaz Paredes Paula
Published: October 2021

Abstract Considering the high prevalence of obesity and the lack of effective response to non-surgical treatments, bariatric surgery (BS) has been established as an increasingly frequent alternative, with implications on the physical, psychological and social level, highlighting the changes related to body image (BI). The objective of this study was to describe changes in BI expressed by young women undergoing BC. Based on a qualitative methodology, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 women between 18 and 24 years. The results were grouped in Pre-BC: body dissatisfaction as motivation, low awareness of the obesity condition, shame of the body, frustration and difficulties with dressing; and Post-BS: body satisfaction associated with self-confidence, change in peer relations, new aspects of appearance, clothing associated with identity, difficulties in adapting to a new BI, and health team as support for adaptation. It is concluded that body satisfaction is a central aspect that affects individual and social wellbeing. Post-CB begins a process of adaptation to a new body scheme, with greater body satisfaction, but with difficulties related to body perception.ResumenDada la alta prevalencia de obesidad y la pobre efectividad de los tratamientos no quirúrgicos, la cirugía bariátrica (CB) constituye una alternativa cada vez más frecuente, con implicaciones a nivel físico, psicológico y social, entre las que destacan aquellas relativas a la imagen corporal (IC). El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los cambios en la IC manifestados por mujeres jóvenes sometidas a CB. Con base a una metodología cualitativa, se llevaron a cabo entrevistas a profundidad a 10 mujeres de entre 18 y 24 años de edad. Los resultados fueron categorizados en Pre-CB: insatisfacción corporal como motivación, baja conciencia de la condición de obesidad, vergüenza por el cuerpo, frustración y dificultades con la vestimenta; y Post-CB: satisfacción corporal (SC) asociada a autoconfianza, cambio en las relaciones con pares, nuevos aspectos de la apariencia, vestimenta asociada a identidad, dificultades en la adaptación a la nueva IC y equipo de salud como apoyo para la adaptación. Se concluye que la SC es un aspecto central que incide en el bienestar individual y social. Post-CB se inicia un proceso de adaptación a un nuevo esquema corporal, con mayor SC, pero con dificultades relacionadas a la percepción corporal.
Aesthetic ideals, body image, eating attitudes and behaviors in men with different sexual orientation / Ideales estéticos, imagen corporal, actitudes y conductas alimentarias en hombres con diferente orientación sexual
Authors: Cervantes-Luna Brenda Sarahi , Escoto Ponce de León Consuelo , Camacho Ruíz Esteban Jaime , Bosques Brugada Lilián Elizabeth
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough there is a lot of information available about body image and eating disorders, little is known about the issue in sexual minority groups, especially in our culture and context. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the body satisfaction, the internalization of aesthetic ideals (thin and muscular), the attitudes and eating behaviors in a sample of Mexican men with different sexual orientation. A total of 217 men (94 heterosexuals, 30 bisexuals and 93 gays), with an age range from 14 to 41 (M = 22.0, SD = 4.59) participated in the study. Bisexual men and gay men, compared to heterosexual men, reported greater body image discomfort, influence of thin shape and more motivation to lose weight. Bisexual men reported more concern about food than heterosexual men and gay men, but gay men had greater food restriction. These results support the hypothesis that body dissatisfaction in men of sexual minority groups is not oriented towards the development of the musculature, since they have internalized a thinner ideal body. On the contrary, the results related to muscularity did not register a clear tendency based on sexual orientation, which highlights the need to deepen its analysis, prioritizing the use of more specific evaluation instruments on the motivation to increase muscle.ResumenAun cuando existe amplia información disponible sobre imagen corporal y trastornos alimentarios, se sabe poco sobre estos tópicos en minorías sexuales, y especialmente en Latinoamérica. Por tanto, el propósito de este estudio fue comparar la satisfacción corporal, la interiorización de ideales estéticos (delgadez y musculatura), así como las actitudes y las conductas alimentarias entre varones con diferente orientación sexual. Participaron 217 varones (94 heterosexuales, 30 bisexuales y 93 gais), de 14 a 41 años de edad (M = 22.0, DE = 4.59). Los hombres bisexuales y gais reportaron mayor malestar con la imagen corporal, interiorización del ideal de delgadez y motivación por adelgazar, en comparación con los varones heterosexuales. Los bisexuales informaron mayor preocupación por la comida que los heterosexuales y los gais, pero estos últimos presentaron mayor restricción alimentaria. Los resultados apoyan la hipótesis de que en la insatisfacción corporal de los hombres de minorías sexuales predomina el deseo de adelgazar, resultado de una mayor interiorización del ideal corporal de delgadez. Por el contrario, los resultados relativos a la muscularidad no registraron una tendencia clara en función de la orientación sexual, de lo que destaca la necesidad de profundizar en su análisis, priorizando el empleo de instrumentos de evaluación más específicos sobre la motivación de incrementar musculatura.
Efecto de la fotolisis y pH en la degradación de la oxitetraciclina en sedimento y agua marina
Authors: Sotelo-Cornejo Karen Griselda , Espinosa-Plascencia Angelica , Gámez-Bayardo Sergio , Pérez-Álvarez Adolfo , Jiménez-Edeza Maribel , García-Galaz Alfonso , Bermúdez-Almada María Del Carmen
Published: October 2021

La oxitetraciclina (OTC) es un antibiótico frecuentemente utilizado en el control de enfermedades provocadas por Vibrio en granjas de cultivo de camarón Penaeus vannamei. Se evaluó la degradación de la OTC en muestras de sedimento y agua marina (2:98 p/v), con OTC como estándar y OTC adicionada en alimento para camarón, en ambos casos a 10 µgmL-1. Los ensayos tuvieron una duración de 40 días, y se evaluaron factores abióticos como exposición a la luz y efecto del pH (7 y 8). Las muestras con estándar de OTC expuestas a la luz, tuvieron una degradación del antibiótico del 100% para ambos valores de pH; en las muestras no expuestas, la degradación fue de 88.33% a pH 7 y 90.90% a pH 8. En las muestras con OTC en alimento para camarón, la degradación fue del 100% a los 40 días, con y sin exposición a la luz y con los dos valores de pH. El tiempo de vida media de degradación de la OTC en el alimento, fue menor con respecto a las muestras adicionadas con estándar con y sin exposición a la luz (P ≤ 0.05). Los residuos de la OTC se degradan por efecto de la luz y pH, reduciendo su permanencia en los sedimentos acuícolas.
The Effects of Stressors on Academic Performance of International Students in Jiangsu University: The Moderating Role of Coping Strategies
Authors: Gyan Michael Kobina
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This paper examined the effects of stressors on academic performance of international students in Jiangsu University: the moderating role of coping strategies. The sample comprised randomly selected 228 international students from the university across all levels; bachelor, masters and PhD. We used multiple linear regression model to estimate the findings. Among our empirical results are: (1) stressors have adversative effects on students’ academic performance. (2) Male and female international students differ with regard to the effects of stressors on their academic performance. (3) The effect of stressors on students’ academic performance differ among bachelor, masters and PhD international students. (4) International students employed different strategies of coping throughout their study duration in order to minimize their stress levels and to attain higher levels of academic performance. The study found that, Problem-focused strategies were positively related to international students’ academic performance on the premise of its ability to minimize stress. Based on the empirical findings, we profess appropriate recommendations to stakeholders for action. Keywords: Stressors, International Students Academic Performance, Coping Strategies
Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Using Bottom Ash & Manufacturing Sand with Addition of Silica Fume in Concrete
Authors: Sriram M.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Sand is the major material used in construction all over the world. Nowadays sand is highly demand for the construction. The main purpose of this project is to investigate the effect of bottom ash in concrete and hence improving the strength and durability of concrete. So the objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of use of coal bottom ash & msand as partial replacement of fine aggregates. Percentages {M-Sand (50%), bottom ash (5%, 10% , 15% , 20%) , silica fume(2% were added) for 25% of bottom ash}. on concrete properties such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength test. The results of specimens with and without bottom ash, Manufacturing sand, silica fume were compared. The strength of concrete was increased upto 15% replacement of bottom ash instead of fine aggregate and the 25% replacement of bottom ash with 2% of silica fume increased the strength of concrete. Keywords: Bottom ash, silica fume, manufacturing sand
Performance Appraisal
Authors: Dwivedi Sheema
Published: October 2021

Abstract: The term Performance evaluation alludes to the customary audit of a representative's work execution and in general commitment to an organization. Otherwise called a yearly audit, execution survey or assessment, or worker examination, a presentation examination assesses a representative's abilities, accomplishments, and development, or deficiency in that department. Organizations use execution evaluations to give representatives higher perspective criticism on their work and to legitimize pay increments and rewards, just as end choices. They can be directed at some random time yet will in general be yearly, semi-yearly, or quarterly. Keyword: Appraisal, effectiveness, job analysis’s, accomplishment
Нелинейный динамический анализ поло-гих сферических оболочек типа сандвич из пористого композита, армированного пластинками графена
Authors:   Department of Engineering and Technology in Constructions and Transportation, VNU Hanoi — University of Engineering and Technology, Ань В. Т. Т. , Хуон В. Т. , Нгуен Ф. Д. , Дык Н. Д. ,   International School of Vietnam National University,   NTT Institute of High Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University
Published: October 2021

С помощью теории сдвигового деформирования оболочек первого порядка и методов Галеркина и Рунге—Кутта исследовано нелинейное динамическое поведение и собственные частоты пологих сферических сандвич-оболочек из пористого композита, армированного пластинками графена, покоящихся на упругом основании. Для определения эффективных свойств материала использована модифицированная модель Халпина—Цая и правило смесей. Приведены формулы для анализа распределений пористости.
Прогнозирование механических свойств антифрикционных композитных материалов
Authors:   Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщений, Беляк О. А. , Суворова Т. В.
Published: October 2021

На основе математических моделей исследованы физико-механические свойства антифрикционных маслонаполненных композитов с вязкоупругой наномодифицированной матрицей. Для идентификации и прогнозирования механических свойств маслонаполненных композитов использованы модели микромеханики с учетом экспериментальных данных, полученных с помощью наноиндентирования. Для оценки трибологических свойств многофазных сред строятся решения новых контактных задач в квазистатической постановке о движении штампа с плоским основанием по гетерогенному флюидонасыщенному полупространству при учете трения в области контакта. Многофазная гетерогенная среда описывается как в рамках модели Био-Френкеля, так и в рамках концепции эффективной гомогенности. Контактная задача для среды Био с помощью преобразования Фурье сведена к интегральному уравнению 1-го рода с разностным ядром, имеющим логарифмическую особенность. После регуляризации численное решение интегрального уравнения построено методом граничных элементов. Решение краевой задачи для эквивалентной среды реализовано методом конечных элементов в программном комплексе ANSYS. Представлен сравнительный анализ двух подходов к моделированию микроструктуры гетерогенной среды. Проведено исследование влияния механических свойств композита, его флюидонасыщенности на силу трения, возникающую в области контакта, что имеет важное практическое значение при изучении новых наномодифицированных антифрикционных композитных материалов. С этой целью численные расчеты представлены для маслонаполненного композита с матрицей из фенилона с наноразмерными добавками. Оценено влияние пористости, флюидонасыщенности, коэффициента трения на касательные контактные напряжения.
Компьютерное моделирование композитов, состоящих из пьезокерамической матрицы с металлическими включениями и порами
Authors:   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Кудимова А. Б. , Наседкин А. В. , Наседкина А. А. , Раджагопал А. ,   Индийский технологический институт Хайдерабада
Published: October 2021

Исследована задача определения эффективных свойств смесевых композитов, состоящих из пьезокерамической матрицы с металлическими включениями и порами. Проведено сравнение свойств пьезокомпозитов с микро- и с мезопористостью. Для микропористых композитов использовали двухуровневые модели двухфазных структур. Вначале на микроуровне определяли эффективные свойства пьезокерамического материала с порами, а затем на мезоуровне решали задачу гомогенизации для пьезоматериала с эффективными свойствами, найденными на первом этапе, и с проводящими включениями. Мезопористые композиты рассматривали как трехфазные с пьезокерамической матрицей, включениями и порами, расположенными на границах включений. Решение задач гомогенизации осуществлено численно в конечно-элементном пакете ANSYS для представительных объемов с закрытыми структурами включений и пор.Включения и поры моделировались как пьезоэлектрические материалы с экстремальными значениями модуля жесткости и диэлектрической проницаемости. Отмечено, что такой подход сохраняет энергетический баланс между композитной и гомогенной средой сравнения. В качестве примера проведены расчеты эффективных модулей композитов, состоящих из пьезокерамики на основе титаната бария, включений из никеля и пор. Исследованы зависимости эффективных модулей от объемных долей включений и пор, а также от количества мезоразмерных пор на границах включений. Проведен анализ влияния типа пористости на эффективные свойства рассматриваемых пьезокомпозитов.
Распределение локальных напряжений в волокнисто-армированных композитах с учетом термических напряжений отверждения
Authors:   Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Institute, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Ли Я. Ц. , Чжан Д. Х.
Published: October 2021

В силу различия коэффициентов термического расширения и эффективных модулей упругости материалов волокна и матрицы в композитах в ходе отверждения от высокой температуры изготовления до комнатной возникают концентрации локальных напряжений. Для оценки влияния остаточных термических напряжений на распределение локальных напряжений в композитах разработали высокоточную микромасштабную модель. Полученные численные результаты показали, что остаточные термические напряжения не вызывают пластические деформации в матрице.
Methcyclohexyl methacrylate-methacrylate copolymers：An effective cold flow improver for the biodiesel blends
Authors: Yuan Mingxia , Lin Xin , Lin Hualin , Xue Yuan , Han Sheng
Published: October 2021

The poor cold flow property is one of the main obstacle factors in
affecting the utilization of high-proportional biodiesel blends in
engines. In this study, methcyclohexyl methacrylate-methacrylate
copolymers (MCHMA-R1MC, R1 = C12, C14, C16, C18) were synthesized at
various molar ratios by radical polymerization and characterized by
FTIR, GPC, and 1H NMR. Their structures and properties areanalyzed and
characterized by FTIR, GPC, and 1H NMR. The resulting copolymers were
tested as the cold flow improver in terms of cold filter plugging point
(CFPP) and solid point (SP) measurement for treated and untreated B20
biodiesel blends (20 vol.% biodiesel + 80 vol.% diesel). Results
showed that the CFPP and SP of B20 decreased to a varied extent after
MCHMA-R1MC treatment. When the monomer ratio of is 1:7, MCHMA-C14MC
(1:7) proved the greatest depression in CFPP and SP of B20 by 18 and 25℃
at 2000 ppm dosage. The effects of MCHMA-R1MC copolymers on crystal
behavior was studied through polarizing optical microscope(POM),
differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and viscosity-temperature curves.
The results indicated that MCHMA-C14MC could effectively delay the
aggregation of wax crystals and change their crystalline behavior by
changing the shape of the crystals and inhibiting the formation of large
wax crystals, and then lower the low-temperature viscosity of biodiesel
blends and make it exhibiting better cold flow properties.
Randomised Controlled Trial of a Pediatric Tracheostomy Care Education Program for Homecare Nurses
Authors: Shi Jenny , Orkin Julia , Walsh Catharine , Chu Stephanie , Keilty Krista , Mckay Sandra , Mocanu Cora , Qazi Adam , Ambreen Munazzah , Amin Reshma
Published: October 2021

Objective: To evaluate the immediate and sustained knowledge retention
and sense of self-efficacy of homecare nurses following completion of a
standardized competency-based tracheostomy education course. Safe
discharge of children requiring tracheostomy with or without ventilation
relies on the competence of homecare nurses. Study Design: Pragmatic,
randomized controlled trial of 44 homecare nurses. Participants were
randomized into the intervention group (n=21), which received the
tracheostomy course, or the control group (n=23), which received an
enterostomy and vascular access course. Multiple-choice question (MCQ)
knowledge assessments and self-efficacy questionnaires were administered
to both groups pre-course and post-course at 6 week, 3 month, 6 month,
and 12 month follow-ups. Results: Twenty participants in the
intervention group and 19 in the control group were included. Four
withdrew from the study and two crossed over from the control into the
intervention arm. The change in mean self-efficacy scores (total score =
100) was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the
control group at 6 weeks (intervention (mean ± SD): 18.6±14.5; control:
6.6±20.4; p=0.04) and 3 months (intervention: 19.6±14.2; control:
5.2±17.0; p=0.007), and trended higher at 6 months (intervention:
18.0±14.5; control: 6.9±24.1; p=0.1) and 12 months (intervention:
16.9±15.0; control: 16.8±20.5; p=1.0). The change in mean MCQ assessment
scores (total score = 20) trended higher in the intervention group than
in the control group at 6 weeks (intervention (mean ± SD): 1.8±2.2;
control: 1.6, ±2.9; p=0.8). Conclusions: Homecare nurses who attended
the tracheostomy course demonstrated a higher sense of self-efficacy at
long-term follow-up.
The role of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in the management of adult primary immune thrombocytopenia: A single centre experience
Authors: Virijevic Marijana , Mitrovic Mirjana , Pantic Nikola , Pravdic Zlatko , Sabljic Nikica , Suvajdzic-Vukovic Nada
Published: October 2021

Background/Aim. The availability of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) for treating primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has transformed its management over the last decade. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of TPO-RA in adults with chronic ITP treated at the University Clinical Center of Serbia. Methods. A total of 28 adult ITP patients ( 10 m ales and 18 females), who were given eltrombopag and/or romiplostim, were enrolled in the study. Data on demographic characteristics, ITP duration, previous therapeutic modalities, comorbidities, concomitant therapy both for comorbidities and ITP, indications for TPO-RA, bleeding episodes before and during TPO-RA, TPO-RA doses, adverse events, and response rates were collected from the patients? medical records. TPO-RAs were administered in patients with chronic refractory ITP when splenectomy was contraindicated/unfeasible and as preparation for splenectomy. Favorable treatment response was defined as a stable platelet count ? 50 ? 109/L. Results. A total of 22 (78.57%) and 14 (50.0%) patients were treated with eltrombopag and romiplostim, respectively. A good treatment response (GTR) was achieved in 81.8% of the patients receiving eltrombopag and 71.4% of those treated with romiplostim. The non-responders to eltrombopag (4 patients) and those who had lost their response to eltrombopag (4 patients) were switched to romiplostim. Six of 8 patients achieved a GTR. At the time of TPO-RA initiation, 46.4% of the patients used concomitant ITP therapy, which was ceased in all those with a GTR. The following adverse effects of TPO-RA were registered: transaminitis and transient ischemic attack for eltrombopag ? one patient each, and pulmonary embolism in one romiplostim-treated patient. Conclusion. Our study showed that TPO-RAs are an effective and safe treatment option since the majority of patients achieved stable remission without bleeding episodes.