bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enabling better carer involvement: A qualitative evaluation of the involvement service belonging to a carers organisation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Qureshi Irtiza , Pappas Yannis , Jones Kerry , Mills Roma , Napper Tim , Vseteckova Jitka
Published: September 2024

Background: Globally, unpaid carers face economic and societal pressures. Unpaid carers’ support is valued at £132 billion a year in the United Kingdom (UK) alone. However, this care comes at a high cost for the carers themselves. Carers providing round the clock care are more than twice as likely to be in bad health than non-carers. These carers are therefore proportionately more likely to need statutory services such as health care provision. It is critical that carers are better supported to be involved in the shaping, delivery and evaluation of the services they receive. Unfortunately, qualitative evidence on how carer organisations can do this better is scarce. Methods: Working collaboratively with a community-based carers organization, we undertook a qualitative study. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 23 participants. Online, semi-structured, one-to-one interviews were conducted with carers, community organization staff and stakeholders to ascertain their experience and views on the involvement service. Results: Firstly, there are a range of benefits resulting from the involvement service. The carers see the service as an opportunity to connect with other carers and share their views and ideas. Secondly, staff and service providers also reported how involvement gave a platform for carers and was of value in helping them shape needs-led services. Thirdly, we found that barriers to good involvement include the lack of a clearly understood, shared definition of involvement as well as the lack of a diverse pool of carer representatives available for involvement activities. Conclusion: The findings from our study provide important insights into how carers, staff and service stakeholders view barriers and enablers to good involvement. The findings will be of interest to a range of community-based organizations interested in further involving members of their community in shaping the services they receive.
The role of altruistic behavior in emergency evacuation: A simulation study
Authors: Li Jianxun , Wang Chao , Chen Jim Q. , Khan Hassan Talal
Published: September 2024

Given the rising threat of terror attacks and the increasing frequency of natural disasters attributed to climate change, enhancing evacuation capacities in various spaces has become crucial for saving lives and accelerating recovery processes. This study investigates the influence of altruistic behavior on evacuation efficiency by developing a social force model that categorizes individuals into three demographic groups: youth, middle-aged, and seniors. Simulation experiments based on the model were conducted to evaluate the impact of altruistic behavior on evacuation efficiency under different conditions, such as evacuation capacity, reliability, and recovery time. The simulation results show that a higher probability of falling leads to longer evacuation times. While an increase in the probability of altruistic behavior improves evacuation efficiency, excessive altruistic behavior causes evacuation times to vary in a zigzag pattern. When the help range exceeds 0.7m, evacuation efficiency fluctuates without a clear trend of improvement.
ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ ТЕРМИНА «МОНОКУЛЬТУРА» ДО И ПОСЛЕ ЦИФРОВОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ
Authors: АНИСИМОВ Владимир Алексеевич
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of monoculture, chronologically divided into pre-digital and digital. Pre-digital monoculture is presented through the critical analysis of cultural consumption. Using the case of such cultural texts as Game of Thrones, Harry Potter and Star Wars, the author shows that pre-digital monoculture is a part of popular culture. It was the consumption of various symbols that marked the dominance of a cultural text in the pre-digital era. In an attempt to characterize the digital monoculture, the author refers to Alan Kirby’s theory of digimodernism and the theory of technofeudalism by J. Dean and Y. Varoufakis, also offering his own definition of the term.
Малое и среднее предпринимательство: анализ состояния в 2015 и 2022 годах
Authors: Крепкова Марина
Published: September 2024

During last 10 years there are several recessions in Russian economy. The biggest of them were in 2015, 2020 and 2022. GDP and real disposable incomes of the population decreased. Russian SME’s segment has low share in GDP comparing it to most of the developed countries and government’s aims. So, it is important to understand the current condition of SME and the ways of its development. There are two steps in this study: 1) the analysis of national and global databases and 2) the analysis of the analytical reports considering the Russian SME segment. Russian SME had bad results and mood of businessmen was negative in 2015. But the count of enterprises was growing during last ten years. And in 2022 during political pressure and hard economic sanctions small and middle business continues to develop, to change technology of production processes and to invest in innovation and the mood of business became more positive. There were different types of government support to SME and lots of them had positive influence. As result Russian SME segment is a perspective resource of economic growth.
Особенности реализации социальных проектов в Донецкой Народной Республике: сущность проблематики и специфика формирования категориального аппарата
Authors: Ягмур Екатерина , Борисенко Марина
Published: September 2024

The quality of life of the population is a multifaceted indicator of the level of development of any state. The foundation of modern society is comprised of four spheres of public life: economic, social, political and spiritual. Each of these spheres has its own constituent elements that determine the tasks of state regulation. The state's management of the quality of life of the population is carried out through the use of appropriate tools, namely the implementation of certain policies and the guarantee of compliance with life support standards in designated areas. The improvement of the quality of life of the population depends on the coordinated work of the mechanism for implementing a set of certain tools in all of the listed spheres of society, which are interconnected, complement each other and ensure mutual functioning. The modern understanding of quality of life encompasses not only the provision of material goods but also the possibility of free expression in society. This should be considered when implementing social projects aimed at improving quality of life. The article hypothesises that the solution to a number of problems of social and spatial development of new constituent entities of the Russian Federation is possible through the organisation of a business incubator for social projects. In order for a business incubator to function effectively, it must be able to fulfil additional functions that are not typical for it. These include the generation of ideas and the design of business models for their implementation, taking into account the specific political and economic circumstances of the region in question, as well as the low level of entrepreneurial activity in the social sphere of the Donetsk People's Republic.
Экспериментальное обоснование использования новых упаковочных материалов в технологии длительного хранения моркови
Authors: Некрасов Алексей , Палагина Марина , Черевач Елена
Published: September 2024

An experimental study was conducted on the long-term storage of carrots using new packaging materials in a standard vegetable storehouse for 210 days. The consumer properties of carrots during storage in the off-season were studied using organoleptic and physico-chemical methods. Bags made from Agrotextile packaging materials were used for storage, with the control group of vegetables placed in bulk storage, all other conditions being equal. The results demonstrated that carrots stored in Agrotextile bags exhibited significantly superior characteristics in terms of the studied indicators in comparison to those stored in bulk.
Neuroprotective role of n-acetylcysteine (NAC): countering doxorubicin neurotoxicity via TH, Nurr1, and iNOS expression
Authors: Anteplioğlu Tuğçe , Çınar Miyase , Yaldız Gözde , Kayabaşı Sevgi Betül , Duru Özkan , Kabakçı Ruhi
Published: September 2024

Chemotherapy is an effective treatment for cancer, but it can cause cognitive disorders broadly referred to as “chemobrain.” One of the most commonly used chemotherapeutics, doxorubicin (DOX), has been associated with the potential for brain damage and cognitive dysfunction. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been identified as a potential brain protector with antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of NAC against DOX-induced brain damage. Female Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, DOX, or NAC prophylaxis. Brain samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses, with a particular focus on regions that are crucial for cognition and memory. The DOX group exhibited significant histopathological changes, including neuronal shrinkage, degeneration, and necrosis in the striatum, hippocampal region, and cerebral cortex. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, with an increase in inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) immunopositivity. Administration of NAC effectively reduced iNOS immunopositivity, neuronal damage, degeneration, and necrosis in the prophylaxis group. Among the brain regions examined, the prophylaxis group demonstrated the most effective protection in the hippocampal region. Therefore, NAC has the potential to protect against or alleviate DOX-induced cognitive impairments.
Intramammary ozone therapy in Candida mastitis
Authors: Köker Afşin
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the effect of intramammary ozonated distilled water on treatment success rates for mastitis caused by Candida spp., which resulted from intensive antibiotic use. The study material involved 60 Holstein udder quarters infected with Candida spp., which were divided into an ozone treatment group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). To conduct the study, 25 μg/ml of ozonated distilled water was applied intramammary to each udder quarter from which the causative agent had been isolated. Milk samples were collected on days 6 and 18 after application, and microbiological and mycological analyses were performed on them. The analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in recovery rates between days 0-6 after treatment, but a significant difference emerged between days 6-18 (P
The contribution of “the aesthetic” and “the sensitive” in the formation of early childhood
Authors: Naranjo Arce Laura Magaly , Ruíz Méndez José Leonardo
Published: September 2024

The study of musical formation has been a topic of interest in the educational field, as it has allowed us to recognize the importance it has in human development as a possibility of experiencing “the aesthetic” and “the sensitive.” This researchaimed to understand how these concepts contribute to the processes of formation of corporeality in early childhood. Through the observation and description of musical and sound experiences, and the interpretation of these, three trends were obtained that occurred in the aesthetic exchanges during the execution of musical and sound workshops applied in the preparationof this study, which are the manifestation of the sensitivities, corporalities and family ties of infants. To arrive at such descriptions, an observation grid was developed that accounted for the how and why of the behaviors that belong to “the aesthetic” and “the sensitive” and what is observable about them through a qualitative-interpretive approach. Through thedescription, information was obtained that facilitated the reconstruction of the reality of those who were observed and interpretations were generated.
This research did not aim to find answers or data represented in numbers and measurements, but rather through observation, part and parcel of the life experiences of the universe studied was realized.
Once such manifestations of aesthetic exchanges are described and interpreted, the idea about the relationship between “the sensitive” and “the aesthetic” from the musical and the sound in the early childhood training processes is developed and it is demonstrated that the body, experiences, sounds, discoveries, spontaneity, words, melodies, singularity, are links that mesh with each other within the learning process, thus having to transcend the context of the artistic area, so that it also makes part of the entire training task. For all of the above, it is clear that the method used for this study is qualitative and is also a hermeneutic approach, since it promises to provide interpretations, appropriations and compressions of various experiences or realities such as the observed experiences.
Incidencia de la evaluación del desempeño docente sobre las prácticas pedagógicas de aula de maestros vinculados mediante Decreto Ley 1278 de 2002 de la Sede Santa Lucía de la I. E. Simón Bolívar de Garzón (Huila)
Authors: Perdomo Quintero Silvia
Published: September 2024

Los procesos de evaluación docente consagrados en el Decreto Ley 1278 de 2002 generan disonancias para los maestros en relación con la formación profesional y concepciones particulares sobre las prácticas de aula. Por tanto, este estudio tiene porobjetivo identificar la incidencia de la evaluación del desempeño docente sobre las prácticas pedagógicas de aula de maestros vinculados mediante Decreto Ley 1278 de 2002 de la Sede Santa Lucía de la I. E. Simón Bolívar de Garzón (Huila). La metodología diseñada con enfoque cualitativo se desarrolló con base en el método etnográfico, en una muestra de docentes a quienes se les aplicó una entrevista focal y una observación de prácticas pedagógicas. Se contó con la participación de directivos, padres de familia, director de núcleo y estudiantes, a quienes se les aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada.Los resultados dan cuenta de las características de las prácticas de aula, los pormenores de la percepción del proceso de evaluación del desempeño de los docentes y de la forma en que colectivamente construyen una estrategia pedagógica que armonice la evaluación del desempeño docente con el rendimiento estudiantil. Se concluye que el proceso de evaluación contribuye al mejoramiento de la labor pedagógica, pero se hace necesario contextualizarlo y concertarlo con la comunidad educativa.
Estrategia EVA reflexiva del aprendizaje de la noción disoluciones químicas. Una propuesta
Authors: Argote Salgado Miguel Gregorio , Aguilar Carrasco Luis Ángel , Macias Villamizar Víctor Henrique
Published: September 2024

La reflexión de esta investigación se moviliza en la posibilidad de reconfigurar un momento de aprendizaje de la noción disoluciones químicas usando pixton comics como beneficio para valorar el aprendizaje de una categoría química. Uno, de algunos, de los retos desde el enfoque mixto etnoconfiguracional que se ha venido caracterizado y evidenciando en el aulaes develar de qué manera los jóvenes de educación media en edades de 15 a 17 años de la modalidad agropecuaria con su realidad socioeconómica y cultural se les posibilite el beneficio de comprender conceptos complejos como las disoluciones químicas con herramientas tecnológicas en la categoria de entornos virtuales de aprendizajes (EVA).
Arabic Loanwords in Kamus Dewan Perdana: Questions of Etymology, Word Class and Definition
Authors: Abu Bakar Noorazlin , Zahid Indirawati , Wan Ali Wan Zailan Kamaruddin
Published: September 2024

Kamus Dewan Perdana (KDP) is the largest and most complete dictionary of the Malay language (ML) and is the latest edition of the Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (DBP), which targets ML native speakers and non-native speakers who are proficient in using ML. This study aims to identify Arabic loanwords (AL) in KDP and analyse questions of their entry regarding the aspects of etymology, word class, and definition from the perspective of users and researchers by using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) as the methodology. The findings of this study found a total of 2847 entries of AL in KDP, which include 66% labelled Arabic (Ar) and 34% unlabelled. This study also found seven questions regarding AL entries in the KDP from the aspects of etymology, word class, and definition. Three questions arise from the etymological aspect, namely, (1) the inconsistent omission of etymological labelling, (2) the differences in terms of etymological labelling between KDP and Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat (KDE4), and (3) justification for the source language information of the loanword placed at the end of the entry in the KDP; a question arises from the aspect of word class, which is the inconsistency in word class labelling for AL expression entries; and three questions from the aspect of definition, namely (1) the inaccuracy in the definition of homonymous word variations in KDP, (2) the absence of definition of the AL entries in the KDP and (3) the deletion of AL entry in the KDP. The results of this study serve as user feedback, which contributed to DBP as the body responsible for improving the compilation of KDP as well as other dictionaries such as Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI), Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (CALD), Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English New Edition (LDCENE), Oxford English Dictionaries (OED), and Concise Oxford English Dictionaries (COED). This improvement will in turn be able to provide complete vocabulary information to the user community, both among native speakers and non-native speakers.
Conceptualising Intercultural Literacy: Narratives from English Language Teachers
Authors: Suharni Suharni , Saidi Siti Bahirah binti Saidi , Hussein Nur Hafezah binti
Published: September 2024

This current study investigates how English language teachers in Indonesian higher educational institutions define and conceptualize intercultural literacy and practice it in their classrooms. Eight ELT practitioners were interviewed through narrative inquiry, and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis to explore their lived conceptualizations. The findings suggest three major themes on intercultural literacy, including conceptualization of intercultural literacy, implementation in professional practice, challenges in fostering intercultural understanding, and strategies to overcome these challenges. Teachers defined intercultural literacy as encompassing cultural understanding, adaptability, comparative analysis, and professional knowledge. They integrated it into their teaching through curriculum design, student-centered methods, and digital tools. This was done by weaving these into the curriculum design and retraining pedagogy with student-centric methods and other digital tools. However, the participants mentioned that they faced some obstacles, including institutional barriers, limited funding, and the difficulties of switching from the traditional to the newest teaching method. These issues were mitigated by professional development, collaboration, and inclusive instructional materials. The current research finding indicates the importance of comprehensive professional development and institutional support for teachers in developing intercultural competence in their students. These findings contribute to intercultural literacy in Indonesia and practical recommendations for improving it within Indonesian higher education. The finding highlights the how to prepare students for a globalized world through intercultural literacy and educator support.
To What Extent Has Artificial Intelligence Impacted EFL Teaching and Learning? A Systematic Review
Authors: Al-Raimi Mohammed , Mudhsh Badri Abdulhakim , Muqaibal Muna Hussain , Al-Yafaei Yasir
Published: September 2024

Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in EFL teaching and learning has brought about unimaginable opportunities to enhance learners’ fluency and proficiency in the target language as it is evident that employing AI tools helps learners develop their language skills, enhance engagement and motivation, ease foreign language anxiety, and ultimately acquire the target language. This meta-analysis aims to find out to what extent AI has impacted EFL teaching and learning by providing a systematic review of research papers published from 2020 to 2023. The review concentrated on four areas of EFL contexts: AI in EFL contexts, learners’ and teachers’ perceptions of AI tools, EFL learners’ motivations and engagements towards AI tools, and the integration of AI tools in language skills. The automated model developed by Guan et al.’s (2020) to collect published work from numerous databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, Semantic Scholar, and Google Scholar was adopted. Findings of this review exhibit that employing AI technologies in the EFL settings has significantly benefitted the process of teaching and learning resulting in the mastery of the productive skills on the part of learners. On the other hand, the review shows there is a current lack of research related to receptive skills. As far as the learners’ and teachers’ perspectives regarding the integration of AI tools are concerned, the review voiced favourable perceptions concerning utilizing AI tools; however, the pedagogical implications of utilizing AI tools from the teachers’ point of view have been insufficiently addressed by research conducted so far. Eventually, the current review outlined significant implications that provide a strong foundation for future research.
La educación popular en voces de mujeres
Authors: Zúñiga Escobar Miryan , Monroy Machado Edilson , Gómez Zuñiga Rocío , Pino Narváez Angie , Caicedo Jiménez Paola Andrea , Arciniegas Ramírez Faviola , Moreno García Maria Elena , Salazar Gómez Fulvia , Alarcón Valdés Yohana , Collazos Ardila Raúl
Published: September 2024

En el campo de la educación popular, muy pocos estudios se preguntan por las subjetividades de quienes día a día hacen la educación popular. Escrito de manos de sus propias protagonistas, este libro es producto de una investigación que buscó identificar y potenciar las diversas capacidades personales que un grupo de educadoras populares ponen en marcha para no perder las esperanzas y continuar en el camino de la búsqueda de la transformación social. El estudio se basa en nueve relatos de vida, elaborados y sistematizados por las mismas educadoras populares, desde la perspectiva de sistematización del Grupo de Educación Popular de la Universidad del Valle. La reflexión y el análisis de dichos relatos pretenden fortalecer el trabajo comunitario de educadoras populares comprometidas con las luchas de las organizaciones a las cuales acompañan; buscan, además, potenciar el quehacer de sujetos sociales concretos que construyen, en el día a día, la historia actual de la educación popular en Colombia; igualmente, se proponen fortalecer el diálogo entre instituciones académicas y organizaciones comunitarias interesadas en el tema. La investigación fue promovida por la Red de Educación Popular (REDEP), que agrupa organizaciones comunitarias de Cali y el departamento del Cauca, y apoyada por la Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia) y el Consejo de Educación Popular de América Latina y el Caribe (CEAAL).
The Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the OSCE: international legal analysis
Authors:   Doctoral student of the Baku State University (Azerbaijan)., Ahmadov Etibar
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the OSCE's contribution to the peaceful settlement of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the identification of international legal problems underlying the ineffectiveness of OSCE efforts to resolve this conflict. The mediation activities of the OSCE within the framework of the Trilateral Contact Group were investigated, as well as the activities of this organization for peacekeeping within the framework of the Special Monitoring Mission in Ukraine. The author identified the international legal reasons for the low effectiveness of OSCE mediation and the inability of the parties to the conflict to resort to other procedures available within the OSCE for the peaceful settlement of disputes, such as the Valletta Mechanism, the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration, and others. The official position of the OSCE in relation to the Russian-Ukrainian war, which began on February 24, 2022, was also investigated.
On admissibility of deception in lawyer’s practice
Authors:   PhD in Law, lawyer, a member of Bar Association of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan), Nasibov Kamandar
Published: September 2024

Criminalistical tactics are an integral part of defense, and deception is an integral part of criminalistical tactics. The boundaries and forms of its use by the defender depend on his moral qualities, the using of which will allow him to assert his tactical abilities, and not deceit and immorality. Moreover, defenders (lawyers) do not carry out criminal prosecution and do not carry out interrogations.
Deterrence as a property of punishment
Authors:   Academician of the RAS, Doctor of Juridical Sciences, Professor, Honoured Jurist of Azerbaijan Republic, a member of the Council of the IOLR (Azerbaijan)., Rahimov Ilham
Published: September 2024

As long as criminal law exists as a reflection of the conditions of social development, the fear of punishment will remain, which, although not the only component of a general preventive effect, is necessarily inherent in it. A person who wishes or intends to commit an illegal act must understand the prohibitions, as well as be able to evaluate the action itself and its consequences.
Dispositivo da sexualidade e juridificação das corporalidades: desvelando inspirações da teoria queer a partir das contribuições de Michel Foucault e Judith Butler
Authors: Bomfim Rainer
Published: September 2024

Almeja-se apresentar o dispositivo da sexualidade cunhado por Michel Foucault e utilizado por Judith Butler e os reflexos na construção dos paradoxos dessa juridificação dos corpos e das identidades pelo Direito. Objetiva-se analisar a sistemática das relações de poder e demonstrar como os substratos teóricos para os questionamentos da teoria queer. Justifica-se esta pesquisa pela possibilidade de desnaturalizar e deslocar a ideia da existência de um padrão normativo ou de uma essência do sexo.
Domain Decomposition for Data-Driven Reduced Modeling of Large-Scale Systems
Authors: Farcas Ionut-Gabriel , Gundevia Rayomand P. , Munipalli Ramakanth , Willcox Karen E.
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on the construction of accurate and predictive data-driven reduced models of large-scale numerical simulations with complex dynamics and sparse training datasets. In these settings, standard, single-domain approaches may be too inaccurate or may overfit and hence generalize poorly. Moreover, processing large-scale datasets typically requires significant memory and computing resources, which can render single-domain approaches computationally prohibitive. To address these challenges, we introduce a domain-decomposition formulation into the construction of a data-driven reduced model. In doing so, the basis functions used in the reduced model approximation become localized in space, which can increase the accuracy of the domain-decomposed approximation of the complex dynamics. The decomposition furthermore reduces the memory and computing requirements to process the underlying large-scale training dataset. We demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of our approach in a large-scale three-dimensional unsteady rotating-detonation rocket engine simulation scenario with more than 75 million degrees of freedom and a sparse training dataset. Our results show that compared to the single-domain approach, the domain-decomposed version reduces both the training and prediction errors for pressure by up to 13% and up to 5% for other key quantities, such as temperature, and fuel, and oxidizer mass fractions. Lastly, our approach decreases the memory requirements for processing by almost a factor of four, which in turn reduces the computing requirements as well.
Wake Three-Dimensionality of Profiled Blunt Trailing Edge Bodies with Varying Chord Length
Authors: Cruikshank Ross , Zhao Wenyi , Lavoie Philippe
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates experimentally the structure of turbulent blunt trailing edge body wakes with varying boundary-layer thicknesses controlled through the freestream velocity and the chord length. The intrinsic effect of transition to turbulence on the vortex-shedding frequency, strength, and its three-dimensional structure is explored. At large-scales, the vortex shedding is characterized by significant phase variations along the span, which vary stochastically and are punctuated by vortex dislocations when the phase differences grow large. These features of the vortex shedding are quantitatively examined in a streamwise–spanwise plane of the wake with particle image velocimetry. When the point of transition shifts upstream due to an increasing Reynolds number, greater phase variations in the vortex shedding along the span and more frequent dislocation events are produced. These changes are linked to the spanwise correlation of the streamwise velocity in the wake. In the turbulent boundary-layer regime, it is found that the phase drift does not change significantly. The decline in the spanwise correlation with increasing boundary-layer thickness in this regime is instead linked to the relative strength of the vortex shedding compared to the random turbulent fluctuations in the wake.
Concerning the Parameterization of Geometric and Criticality Effects on Detonation Amplification
Authors: Millard Benjamin M. , Cuppoletti Daniel R.
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the role of geometric effects and detonation criticality on the behavior of a detonation transition through an area expansion of finite length. Three reinitiation behaviors that result in an amplified pressure impulse were observed and are referred to as steady, spike, and endwall amplification. Steady amplification was characterized by an amplification event with a peak pressure impulse 2 times that of the inlet detonation, followed by a near-linear attenuation toward Chapman–Jouguet conditions. Spike amplification displayed a larger peak pressure amplification that was 3 to 5 times greater than the inlet detonation, followed by a rapid and nonlinear attenuation. Endwall behavior represents a Craven–Grieg deflagration to detonation transition scenario. These behaviors are shown to be factors of area expansion ratio and the degree to which the incoming detonation is subcrtical. A decoupling parameter, [Formula: see text], was devised to combine these effects into a single correlation metric. The finite length of the expansion chamber also plays a role in the reinitiation behavior as observed by the endwall reinitiation behavior. A critical chamber length parameter was devised to explain this behavior and then theorized to have a relationship to [Formula: see text] with this being explored theoretically and with the limited data set available.
Generalized Background Vector Method for Tailored Three-Dimensional Nonperiodic Woven Composite Designs
Authors: Wang Zhen-Pei , Kuehsamy Shemuel Joash , William Rosen David
Published: September 2024

In critical aerospace applications such as Ceramic Matrix Composite structures, novel three-dimensional nonperiodic textile composite preforms hold great promise for creating advanced composite structures with strategically aligned fiber tows. However, the inherently challenging nature of determining tow locations, a large-scale combinatorial problem, presents a significant obstacle in textile architecture design. This study generalizes the previously developed Background Vector Method (BVM) to address diverse design requirements and constraints, effectively circumventing combinatorial design complexities via a game theoretic approach. This approach allows for the creation of tunable designs for woven architectures with complex geometries, such as channels and tapering features, through simple control parameter adjustments. The method demonstrates exceptional computational efficiency, making it suitable for large-scale nonperiodic textile structures. Case studies including woven sandwich and airfoil structures highlight the generalized BVM’s versatility and effectiveness in addressing complex design challenges within the aerospace sector.
Framework of Physically Consistent Homogenization and Multiscale Modeling of Shell Structures
Authors: Zhang Zewei , Lu Zhiyuan , Yang Yu , Dong Leiting , Atluri Satya N.
Published: September 2024

A framework of physically consistent homogenization and multiscale modeling (PCHMM) for reduced-order analysis of plate/shell structures is developed in this paper. To address the inapplicability of conventional periodic boundary conditions and Hill’s condition involved in homogenization of shear-deformable shell structures, the paper proposes physically consistent boundary conditions and modified Hill’s condition for plate/shells. Unlike the PCHMM method for beams, considering the contradiction between high-order displacement fields induced by shear forces and low-order kinematic assumptions, additional constraints are applied to the plate/shell structure sectional strains during the solution of perturbation fields. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed plate/shell PCHMM framework and method are verified by typical numerical examples. The proposed theory can also be conveniently embedded into commercial finite element software for homogenization and multiscale analysis of structures such as microscale metamaterials like lattice plates and large complex structures like aircraft fuselage sections.
Las filmotecas como museos. Un cambio de paradigma
Authors: Camporesi Valeria
Published: September 2024

Establishing as its point of departure the writings of some of the most recognized professionals of the cinematographic archives at a global level, the text reviews the main areas of work of the filmotecas in the specific context of the 21st century and maintains that they are comparable to those of a museum. The should be considered as museums of 20th century culture.conclusions point to the idea that these institutions
Ansiedad, depresión y suicidio en el musical estadounidense. Una visión a través de Lady in the Dark, Sweeney Todd y Dear Evan Hansen
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Higueras Rodríguez Virginia E.
Published: September 2024

Anxiety, depression, and suicide are taboo subjects that are still rarely talked about in an open and honest way, both in musical theatre and in its cinematic namesake. In 2015 we see on the stage the work Dear Evan Hansen, Dear Evan Hansen with lyrics and music by Ben Pasek and Justin Paul and book by Steven Levenson, which for the first time openly deals with the consequences of mental pathologies. However, this does not mean that there are no examples throughout the history of musical theatre and film where the main characters do not exhibit some kind of pathology. For this reason, in this article we will Hansen, highlighting the scarce representation of mental illnesses throughout the history of theater and musical cinema.
Exploring Cross-Border Labor Commuting as a Practice of Tactical Mobility
Authors: Karacan Elifcan
Published: September 2024

Within the last few years there has been an increased interest in the interplay of structure and agency in border studies. Following the strategic-relational approach, these studies generally focus on territorial actors, particularly subnational institutions and how they use their capacities, to establish transnational cooperation and networks, to overcome the obstacles resulting from national and / or multi-governmental policies. Like subnational organizations and institutions on border regions, cross-border commuters develop and use tactics to overcome the socio-economic and legal risks and crises. Based on the thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews with commuters from Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Poland, it is demonstrated that by being mobile across the borders, commuters aim at gaining flexibility and a relatively advantageous position in housing and labor markets of different countries. This paper, by referring to the strategic-relational approach, argues that cross-border mobility is practiced as a form of tactical mobility in which commuters constantly revise their mobility practices, depending on new, emerging socio-economic conditions. Moreover, by referring to the concept of de Certeau’s (1984) tactic, three main typologies of cross-border mobility are conceptualized.
Prevalência e caracterização de sífilis em gestantes no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Santos Camila Carvalho dos , Caminha Maria de Fátima Costa , Silva Suzana Lins da , Farias Luana Cristina Queiroz , Maia Sabina Bastos , Oliveira Juliana Souza , Araújo Thaisa Alves de , Mongiovi Vita Guimarães , Pimentel Caio Farias , Batista Filho Malaquias
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência da sífilis em gestantes e caracterizar os casos positivos em um Centro de Atenção à Mulher de um Hospital de referência para o Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de prevalência com caracterização de uma série de casos, acoplado a um estudo de coorte. A amostra correspondeu às gestantes com testes rápidos positivos para sífilis no pré-natal entre setembro/2017 e março/2018. Os dados foram analisados no Stata 12.1 e descritos através de tabelas de distribuição de frequências. Resultados: A prevalência de sífilis na gestação foi de 8,8% (68/774) de acordo com a triagem primária baseada no teste rápido, e 34 (4,4%) desses casos foram confirmadas pelo teste VDRL posteriormente. Entre os casos de gestantes com teste positivo, 75,0% corresponderam à faixa etária entre 20 e 35 anos e 64,6% possuíam companheiro. História de Infecções sexualmente transmissíveis anterior a gestação foi encontrada em 58,9%, e dessas 94,0% possuíam antecedentes de sífilis. Conclusão: A sífilis na gestação e a reinfecção pela doença persistem como um problema de saúde pública.
Avaliação funcional de pacientes com Acidente Vascular Encefálico em uma cidade do Estado do Pará
Authors: Moreira Neto Adalberto Alves , Andrade Carolina Leão Menezes , Muniz José Robertto Bueno , Ruiz Julia Alves , Barros Larissa Navarro , Luz Maíra Fontel da , Veloso Renato de Andrade , Machado Giovanna Santana , Soares Romária Emanuela Carvalho Santos , Pinto Maria Joana da Silva
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Delinear a capacidade funcional dos pacientes com acidente vascular encefálico atendidos em ambulatório de neurologia, possibilitando a verificação das principais incapacidades existentes e possíveis complicações para o cotidiano dos questionados e de seus familiares. Métodos: Este é um  estudo transversal, unicêntrico e vale-se de critérios quantitativos, com 20 pacientes selecionados como amostra. A amostragem foi submetida à aplicação do Índice de Barthel (IB) e à Escala de Lawton (EL), ambas escalas que avaliam a capacidade funcional de pacientes com doenças crônicas incapacitantes. Resultados: O IB acusou dependência geral moderada e maior comprometimento de funções relativas à mobilidade dos pacientes, enquanto o EL demonstra dependência parcial e total em 25% e 70% dos pacientes, respectivamente, com predomínio da ausência de autonomia pessoal quando se questiona a capacidade de “Organização de casa”. Sabe-se que as Atividades Básicas da Vida Diária e Atividades Instrumentais da Vida Diária compõem a avaliação da capacidade funcional de pacientes em situação de sequelas, demonstrando neste, graves entraves físicos e emocionais para os pacientes e seus familiares.  Conclusão:  Foi possível descrever as principais limitações encontradas no cotidiano dos pacientes avaliados, suscitando o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que favoreçam o bem-estar dessa população.
Critical Materials: A Changing Horizon
Authors: Housecroft Catherine E.
Published: September 2024

New and emerging technologies impact on the global demand for raw materials, and 30–40 minerals/materials are classed as ‘critical’. This article examines what this means and how it affects the future
International Chemistry Olympiad 2024
Authors: Egger Dominic T. , Willi Patrik O. , Frei Jasmin M. , Waldvogel Silas
Published: September 2024

At the International Chemistry Olympiad 2024 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, four outstanding students from Switzerland were awarded with one bronze medal and three honourable mentions. This report highlights the preparation of the Swiss delegation and some excerpts from the international competition. The International Chemistry Olympiad 2025 will take place in the United Arab Emirates. The registration for the corresponding national selection process closes at the end of September.
Оториноларингологические аспекты переломов височной кости
Authors: Dvorianchikov V.V. , Kuzenkova A.I. , Golovanov A.E. , Korovin P.A. , Vostrikova E.V. , Kireev P.V. , Khamgushkeeva N.N.
Published: September 2024

Traumatic temporal bone injury can have significant consequences, and knowledge of the relevant anatomy, pathophysiology of the injury, and early referral to specialists is crucial for successful recovery and rehabilitation of these patients. The traditional classification of temporal bone fractures includes longitudinal, transverse, combined, and anterior skull base fractures. The most common complications of temporal bone fractures are damage to the facial nerve, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and hearing loss. Symptoms include dizziness, nystagmus toward the intact temporal bone, and mixed hearing loss on the affected side. The manifestation of traumatic facial nerve injury is paresis and/or paralysis of the facial muscles. This symptom occurs in 30-50% of cases in transverse temporal bone fracture, and in 10-25% of cases in longitudinal temporal bone fracture. Untimely diagnosis of concomitant disease in relation to the underlying disease may lead to longer and more costly treatment and rehabilitation of the patient in the future. We present a review and describe a clinical case of neurotrauma resulting from temporal bone fracture from an otorhinolaryngologic point of view. The main symptoms are described, and a clinical case of surgical treatment of a closed compression fracture of the temporal bone with dislocation and facial nerve injury is presented.

Травматическое повреждение височной кости (ВК) может привести к серьезным последствиям, и знание соответствующей анатомии, патофизиологии травмы и раннее привлечение специалистов смежных специальностей имеет решающее значение для успешного лечения и реабилитации данной категории пациентов. В литературе широко распространена т.н. «традиционная» классификация переломов ВК, согласно которой различают продольные, поперечные, комбинированные переломы и переломы передних отделов основания черепа. Наиболее частыми осложнениями переломов ВК являются повреждение лицевого нерва (ЛН), истечение спинномозговой жидкости и снижение слуха. Из симптомов наблюдаются также головокружение, нистагм в сторону неповрежденной ВК и снижение слуха на пораженной стороне по смешанному механизму. Проявлением травматического повреждения ЛН являются парез и/или паралич мимической мускулатуры. При поперечном переломе ВК данный симптом обнаруживается в 30–50% случаев и в 10–25% случаев продольных переломов ВК. Несвоевременная диагностика сопутствующей по отношению к основному заболеванию патологии может привести к более длительному и дорогостоящему лечению и реабилитации пациента в будущем. В данной статье представлен обзор литературы и клинический случай при нейротравме вследствие перелома ВК, с точки зрения оториноларинголога. Описаны основные клинические симптомы, возникающие при переломах ВК. Представлен опыт хирургического лечения закрытого оскольчатого перелома ВК со смещением костных отломков и развитием пареза мимической мускулатуры.
Влияние вегетативной нервной системы на функции носа и околоносовых пазух в норме и патологии
Authors: Elizbaryan I.S. , Lazareva L.A. , Kumbatov T.P. , Azamatova S.A. , Kovalenko S.L.
Published: September 2024

A review of scientific publications on anatomical, morphophysiological and functional interactions of the functions of the nose and paranasal sinuses and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is presented. Both the physiological processes of the direct (physiological) influence of the ANS and the effect of pathological inflammatory processes in the nasal cavity and adjacent areas on the central parts of the autonomic nervous system are analyzed. A literary search was carried out on the databases Medline, PubMed, Scopus, CyberLeninka; the electronic catalog of the publishing houses Elsevier, Springer Medicine, Biomed Central, Media Sphere was also used; scientific electronic library

Представлен обзор научных публикаций по анатомо-морфофизиологическим и функциональным взаимодействиям функции носа и околоносовых пазух и вегетативной нервной системы (ВНС). Проанализированы как физиологические процессы прямого (физиологического) влияния ВНС, так и воздействие патологических воспалительных процессов в полости носа и прилегающих областях на центральные ГОЛОВА И ШЕЯ РОССИЙСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ Том 12, №1 – 2024 122 ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ отделы ВНС. Литературный поиск проведен по базам данных Medline, PubMed, Scopus, КиберЛенинка, также использован электронный каталог издательств Elsevier, Springer Medicine, Biomed Central, Медиа Сфера, научная электронная библиотека
Study of operational observation spacecraft maneuvers
Authors: Буксар М.Ю. , Ермолаев В.И.
Published: September 2024

Рассмотрены манёвры оперативного изменения режима и района наблюдения космическими аппаратами оперативного наблюдения. Разработаны математические модели и определены области рационального использования предложенных способов маневрирования

The maneuvers of the operative changing of the observation mode and area by operational observation spacecraft were considered in this article. The mathematical models of suggested methods were developed. The areas of rational use of suggested methods were determined
Space-borne electro-optical surveillance systems between past and future. Part 2. Analysis of capabilities of present constellation of foreign military surveillance satellites
Authors: Клименко Н.Н. , Занин К.А.
Published: September 2024

Рассматриваются особенности орбитального построения современной орбитальной группировка космических аппаратов оптико-электронного наблюдения KeyHole с учётом задач формирования эталонов для автоматического распознавания объектов, оперативного слежения за обстановкой, площадной съёмки и формирования базы геопространственной информации. Проведена оценка основных показателей эффективности: периодичности и пространственной разрешающей способности. Проведён анализ дальнейших экспериментальных направлений развития гибридной космической системы наблюдения

The features of deployment of present constellation of Keyhole electro-optical surveillance satellites are considered with regard to the tasks of reference image accumulation for automatic target recognition, situational awareness monitoring, synoptic area imaging and geospatial database creation. Evaluation of basic performance indicators – revisit time and spatial resolution – is produced. Analysis of further experimental advancement trends was carried out