bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Right Coronary artery of the heart of Maine coon cat
Authors: Bylinskaya D. S. , Glushonok S. S. , Melnikov S. I.
Published: October 2022

The study of the arterial bed of the heart of small domestic animals is of high practical importance in veterinary practice and requires further development and study. The work was performed at the Department of Animal Anatomy, St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The material for the study was five corpses of Maine Coon cats, of which three cats (male) and two cats (females).

The methods for the study were fine anatomical preparation and making casts of heart vessels using Flexstep latex milk. According to the results of the study, it was found that the right subsinus artery in a Maine Coon cat is poorly developed and does not participate in anastomosis with the branches of the left paraconal artery in the region of the apex of the heart. In the region of the coronary sulcus, the right anastomotic branch departs from the right coronary artery, which is involved in closing the collateral path of blood supply to the heart of the Maine Coon cat. The blood supply to the heart of a Maine Coon cat is due to the right and left coronary arteries, but the right coronary artery and its branches are less developed compared to the left, which confirms that this cat breed has a left-coronal type of blood supply.
Microstructural organization of the pancreas of a domestic pig
Authors: Barteneva Y. Yu. , Prusakov A. V. , Yashin A. V.
Published: October 2022

The mammalian pancreas is a gland of a mixed type of secretion. Its composition morphologically distinguishes two parts that perform different functions – exocrine and endocrine. In many diseases, there are pronounced disturbances in their work, which has a significant impact on the state of the body. Literature data concerning the microscopic organization of pancreatic tissues do not allow us to recreate a complete picture of its architectonics. The latter is necessary for understanding the physiological processes occurring in the body of animals and predicting the outcome of diseases associated with the defeat of this organ. Considering the above, we set a goal – to establish the features of the microstructural organization of the pancreas in a domestic pig. Pancreatic tissue samples obtained from five sexually mature meat-fed pigs at the age of eight months, during slaughter, were used for the research. The selected material was subjected to fixation in a 10.0% solution of neutral formalin during the day. Further processing of the selected samples in order to obtain histological sections of tissues was carried out according to generally accepted methods. based on histomorphological studies, it was found that the pancreas of a domestic pig by the type of its structure belongs to parenchymal organs, and by the type of its structural organization to complex alveolar-tubular glands. Two closely interacting parts were found in its composition. The first of them – exocrine – is represented by pancreatic acinuses and a system of excretory ducts. The second is endocrine – pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans). At the same time, the exocrine part occupies a larger volume of the parenchyma of the organ, in comparison with the endocrine. Both of the above parts have clear morphological differences.
The Splenic Artery and Segmental Branches Morphometric Study in Humanoid Cadaver Spleens by Method of Dissection
Authors: Billah Motasim , Majeed Nadia , Qasarani Samah Fatima , Asif Namra , Mazhar Aqsa , Ashraf Asma
Published: October 2022

In the human body; the major lymphatic organ is the spleen supplied by the splenic artery, the main division of the celiac trunk. It crosses the lienorenal ligament and approaches the spleen hilum where it splits into 2-3 main branches, each of which divides mainly into 2-4 secondary branches. Also, inferior and superior polar arteries arise from the primary branches or splenic trunk and pass into the spleen pole without entrance in the hilum. The purpose of this analysis was to understand the segmental branches morphometry of the polar and splenic arteries. Methods: The analysis was performed on 86 spleens collected from adult human cadavers of not known gender, stored in formalin 10% solution obtained from the Anatomy and Forensic Medicine Department, by dissection. Place and Duration: In the department of anatomy, Multan Medical and Dental College and Bacha Khan Medical Complex Swabi for six months duration, from August 2021 to January 2022. Results: In 59 (68.6%) spleen samples; there were 2 primary branches, 23 (26.7%) samples have three primary branches, and 4 (4.7%) specimens have four primary branches. 20 (23.3%) samples have superior polar arteries, 34 (39.5%) have inferior polar arteries, and both inferior and superior polar arteries in 7 (8.1%) samples. The superior polar artery length varies from 0.8-5.51 cm, with 2.80 cm of average length and 2.4 cm median length. The inferior polar artery length ranged from 0.9-5.90 cm, with 3.17 cm of average length and 3.30 cm median length. The superior PB diameter ranged from 0.8-4.12 mm, with 2.20 mm average length and 2.4 mm median length. The mean diameter of middle PB ranged from 0.8 mm to 3.6 mm, with an average of 2.10 mm and 2.4 mm median length. The PB inferior diameter ranged from 0.6 mm to 4.4 mm, with an average of 2.13 mm and 2.10 mm median length. The superior polar artery diameter ranged from 0.5-3.1 mm, with 1.40 mm average length and 1.4 mm of median. The inferior polar artery diameter varies from 0.5-2.9 mm, with 1.3 mm of an average diameter with 1.4 mm median. Conclusions: As various splenic sparing surgeries depend on better information of the vascular anatomy of the spleen, this analysis enhances the current information about the segmental branches’ morphometry of the splenic artery. Keywords: Splenic artery, Polar artery and Segmental branches
Single Umbilical Artery Detected on First-Trimester Ultrasound
Authors: Shuaib Irsa , Khan Naheed , Khattak Mehmood Akhtar , Rehana Kanwal , Gul Hina , Nawab Kalsoom
Published: October 2022

Objective: Our research sought to evaluate the utility of a first-trimester ultrasonography diagnostic of a single umbilical artery as a possible indicator of chromosomal abnormalities. Study Design: Retrospective Study Place and Duration: Department of Radiology, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar for the duration from January 2021 to March 2022. Methods: There were 68 pregnant females were of first trimester were presented in this study. Age of the patients was between 18-40 years. After getting informed written consent detailed demographics of enrolled females were recorded. Ultrasound was taken to diagnose single umbilical artery among all cases. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: Among all, 25 (36.8%) females were aged 18-25 years, 36 (52.9%) cases had age 26-35years and 17 (25%) females had age >35 years. 37 (54.4%) patients had BMI <25kg/m2 and 31 (45.6%) had BMI >25kg/m2. 30 (44.1%) cases were primigravida and 38 (55.9%) cases were multigravida. 40 (58.8%) cases were from rural areas and 33 (48.5%) cases were literate. Overall frequency of single umbilical artery (SUA) was 3 (4.4%) in which 1 (1.5%) in single pregnancy and 2 (2.9%) in twin pregnancy. The first trimester finding had 85% sensitivity, a 97% specificity, a 0.4% false positive rate, and a 14.9% false negative rate. Frequency of malformations was 13 (19.1%). Most cases of severe foetal deformity were detected using ultrasonography in the 16th week. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we can say that SUA is a valuable marker for foetal malformation pathology in the first trimester, allowing for the early detection of many instances of malformations before 20 weeks of gestation. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Pregnant Females, First Trimester, Single Umbilical Artery
The Associated Factors in the Prevalence of Motorcycle Accidents
Authors: Khan Rahim , Ali Abbas , Saeed Kamran , Sadiq Muhammad Adnan , Shah Aizaz Ali , Amber Adeela
Published: October 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the types of fractures sustained and damage patterns among bike trauma patients who were sent to the emergency department. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Orthopedic, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, From September, 2021 to February, 2022. Methods: In this study, 170 patients of motorcycle accidents were taken to investigate the factors associated with the accidents. The collected data included the demographic variables, fractures experienced, patterns of injury, time of accident, types of accident and the possible causes of accidents. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases included age, sex, BMI and localities were recorded after taking informed written consent. Data analysis was performed in SPSS-21.0. Results : A total of 170 patients of motorcycle accidents were conducted to study in which 119 (70%) were males and the rest 51 (30%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 29.6 years. The most common type of accident was car-bike collision that of 65.1%. Most of the deaths were occurred due to the head injury that accounted for 51.1%. The significant association of age, sex, ignorance of safety measures and types of roads with motorcycle accidents was shown in the multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Motorcycle accidents caused severe life threatening injuries to the patients. Rate of mortality was high among the patients with head injury. Males were more affected by the accidents as they were more in numbers. Accidents were more occurred in the population with age category of 18-27 years. Therefore, significant safety measures can reduce the risks of motorcycle accidents. Keywords: multiple injuries, motorcycle accidents, mortality.
Objectives & background: Drug-induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) is a common side effect of anti-TB drugs. Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) may be confounded with chronic alcoholic hepatitis clinically, biochemically, and histologically (CAH). Place of Study: Rashid Latif Medical College Lahore Duration of Study: March 2019 to January 2021 Methods: This prospective research examined the effect of acute viral hepatitis as a contributing and confounding factor in patients with normal baseline liver function who acquired acute hepatitis while taking short-course anti-TB medication. All acute hepatitis patients' blood was analysed for hepatitis A, B, C, and E markers. Results: In 12 of 80 TB patients who developed viral hepatitis, the hepatitis E virus was present. Indicators of acute viral hepatitis included a delayed onset of acute hepatitis significant increases in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and a longer period for abnormal levels to normalise. Conclusions: According to our statistics, 15% of anti-TB hepatotoxic patients had AVH. Before attributing the hepatotoxic impact of anti-TB medications to DIH patients, viral hepatitis should be evaluated and ruled out in all endemic-area patients.
Authors: Islam Sadia , Kazi Asma , Aziz Aisha , Ikram Tashfeen , Mustafa Zia Ul , Uddin Muhammad Aleem , Nishat Mufassar
Published: October 2022

Background: Diabetes, low nighttime blood pressure, and nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy may be associated. Not too many studies present whether this relationship applies to patients. Objective: Diabetes mellitus, low blood pressure at night, and nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy were studied in a group of individuals. Methods: The ophthalmology clinic will conduct a cross-sectional research on patients with nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy from March 2019 to December 2021. Nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy patients were tested for diabetes. Some participants wore ambulatory blood pressure monitors during the trial. Nighttime blood pressure drops are typical, muted, severe, and reverse. Results: Nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy was identified in 67 individuals. 587 of 67 patients were selected. 34 patients (50.7%) had diabetes, while 39 (58.2%) had hypertension. 32 people's blood pressure dropped during sleep. Only four (5.9%) saw substantial drops. Conclusions: Diabetes may be linked to nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy, but not nocturnal blood pressure declines. Keywords: Optic Neuropathy, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity of Mixed ligand Complexes from 8-Hydroxyquinoline and new Ligand for β-Enaminone
Authors: Abdulsalam Maysam B. , Numan Ahmed T.
Published: October 2022

The synthesized ligand [4-chloro-5-(N-(5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl)sulfamoyl)-2-((furan-2-ylmethyl)amino)benzoic acid] (H2L1) was identified utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1 H, 13 C – NMR, (C.H.N), Mass spectra, UV-Vis methods based on spectroscopy. To detect mixed ligand complexes, analytical and spectroscopic approaches such as micro-analysis, conductance, UV-Visible, magnetic susceptibility, and FT-IR spectra were utilized. Its mixed ligand complexes [M(L1)(Q)Cl2] [ where M= Co(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II)] and complexes [Pd(L1)(Q)] and [Pt(L1)(Q)Cl2]; [H2L1] =β-enaminone ligand =L1 and Q= 8-Hydroxyquinoline = L2]. The results showed that the complexes were synthesised utilizing the molar ratio M: L1:L2 (1 :1 :1). The formation of six-coordinate octahedral geometry was proposed for metal complexes Co (II), Ni (II), Cd (II), and Pt (IIII), while the Pd (II) complex was square planar. By using the agar well diffusion method, the ligands and complexes were evaluated for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. The studies demonstrate that the ligand and its complexes have variable activity against the bacterial types, Some of the complexes had an effect on bacteria, while others had less inhibitory action than the ligand. Also, the produced ligand and its metal complexes have been tested for fungi (Candida albicans );the complexes exhibited suppressing activity against fungi compared to the ligand prepared from them. Keywords: β-enaminones, 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione , Furosemide, Mixed-ligand complexes, 8-Hydroxyquinoline.
Determination of Nifedipine drug in Pure and Pharmaceutical Preparations by Normal Flow Injection Analysis using Sulfamethaxazole Drug as Chromogenic Reagent
Authors: Mhdi Allaa Hussein , Abed Sadeem Subhi
Published: October 2022

A highly sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method including Technique ( Normal Flow injection analysis have been used for determined Nifedipine (NIF) drug in pure and dosage forms. This approach based on the response of drug with diazotized sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) to form colored product after diazotization of reagent and coupling reaction with drug The coloured chromogen suggests absorption maximum at 496 nm. The method of the line conditions of response had been investigated by (1) invariable chemical approach, by optimizing the impact of experimental variables (special bases, reagent awareness, and reaction time), (2) physical methods including the effect of three experimental factors (injection loop length , reaction coil ,flow rate and reaction time). The results gave Beer's law is obeyed over the awareness range 2-180 μg. ml-1 with an excellent determination coefficient (r2= 99.97) and molar absorptivity 3428.714. The stoichiometry of the resulting azo dye has been also worked out and it is found to be 1:1 Nif: SMZ. This method has been carried out successfully for the determination of Nifedipine in pharmaceutical preparations (tablets). Keywords: Nifidipine , flow injection analysis, spectrophotometry, Sulfamethoxazol ، diazotization.
Correlation Between Body Mass Index Waist Hip Ratio and Body Fat Percentage with Blood Pressure in Sedentary Females Sedentary Lifestyle and Body Mass Index Alter Blood Pressure
Authors: Mustafa Zia Ul , Mahmood Hassan , Latif Jamshad , . Touseef , Uddin Muhammad Aleem , Irshad Faiza , Nishat Mufassar
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The adoption of a sedentary lifestyle is a major contributor to the development of disease as well as to morbidity and mortality rates. People who have high blood pressure can benefit from regular physical activity since it lowers their blood pressure. A lower body fat percentage is connected with a lower risk of developing high blood pressure when engaging in physical activity. There is a clear correlation between the body mass index (BMI) and the percentage of body fat (BF%) in terms of the resting rate of sympathetic nerve discharge to skeletal muscle. A greater proportion of fat stored in the abdomen, as opposed to the gluteal region, is associated with an increased risk of a variety of health problems, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. As a result, the waist-to-hip ratio should be determined in order to conduct an analysis of fat distribution that is separate from an assessment of total obesity. The materials and procedures: Random selection was used to choose from the general population one hundred healthy sedentary volunteers and one hundred healthy non-sedentary subjects. Subjects in the age group (22-55 years) who had a BMI that was greater than 30 (kg/m2) were considered to be obese. Non-obese subjects were defined as having a body mass index (BMI) between 17.50 and 25.20 kg/m2 and an age range of 22 to 55 years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between healthy sedentary and non-sedentary individuals in terms of parameters such as body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage (BF%). The participants ranged in age from 22 to 55 years old, and the correlation between these parameters and blood pressure was determined. Results: The findings showed that sedentary subjects had higher levels of body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage than non-sedentary subjects did, and there was a positive link between these parameters and blood pressure. Conclusion: The conclusion is that a sedentary lifestyle is linked to an increase in Body Mass Index, Waist Hip Ratio, Blood Pressure, as well as Body fat percentage and fat mass. There was a link between BMI, WHR, BF%, and FM and blood pressure that was in the positive. Keywords: Body fat; body mass index; sedentary lifestyle; waist-hip ratio
Association of KISS1 Gene SNPs (Rs35431622) with Metabolic Parameters in Iraqi Women Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Abood Bashar Hassan , Baban Rayah Sulaiman , Abdulrasol Enas Adnan
Published: October 2022

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common types of gynecological hormonal abnormalities and metabolic problems that have an impact females throughout adolescence , with a prevalence of 6-10%.Hyperandrogenism, unreliable menstrual periods, and polycystic ovaries are the hallmarks of PCOS. Objectives: The goal of this find out about used to be to analyze the affiliation of kiss1 Gene SNPs (rs35431622) with metabolic Parameters in PCOS . Methodology: a case –control find out about enrolled one hundred sixty members of which eighty female have PCOS and eighty symbolize the manage crew who had-been interestingly healthful. Patients with PCOS had been chosen patients from our health center and the teaching hospital's gynecology and obstetrics department in Tikrit. Assessment of serum (fasting blood glucose , cholesreol .HDL and triglyceride) was performed using smart 150 full automated clinical chemistry machine .and insulin by ELISA KIT ,HOMA-IR By calculation and the maker company's provided methodology was followed to extract genomic DNA from whole blood. KISS1 Gene SNPs rs35431622 T>A gene polymorphisms was once detected by using (T-ARMS-PCR) method . Results: The findings indicate, the frequency of the kiss1 gene rs35431622 AT and TT genotypes in PCOS-affected women increased 3.524-fold and 9.633- in comparison to the group of healthy women which have odds ratio; 3.524and 9.633, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.622-7.657 and 2.916-31.816; P-value ≤0.01**and ≤0.01**) respectively. and The levels of FBS ,Insulin ,HOMA-IR, cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride showed significant difference among PCOS against control group (P≤ 0.0001) . Conclusions: Our find out about suggests a greater awareness of serum (FBS ,Insulin , cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride) seemed in PCOS companies as in contrast with control and also significant difference in the value of HOMA-IR as well, Cases and controls had statistically different frequencies of the identified polymorphisms, and Control 34 had a higher frequency of the homozygous allele (CC) than Cases 12 ., while the frequency of heterozygous allele (AT) were significantly different in cases 51 higher than the controls 41 as well the frequency of mutant allele (tt) were significantly different in cases 17 higher than the controls 5 .The allelic frequency of SNP rs35431622.C/T used.to,be detected extra regularly with significant affiliation infemale with PCOS than in control. Keywords: PCOS, kiss1,(IR)
Mean Platelet Volume in Cirrhotic Patients with Ascitic Fluid Infection
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Farooq , Kakar Iftikhar Ali , Khan Shair Zaman , Khan Haris , Farooq Mehreen
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Ascites is the most prevalent clinical symptom of cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation. Patients with cirrhosis are often more likely to get bacterial infections, particularly ascitic fluid infection, which affects 15-20% of people with ascites and cirrhosis Objective: To determine mean platelet volume in cirrhotic patients with ascitic fluid infection. Material and methods: The current study was descriptive and cross-sectional carried out at the department of Medicine Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar for duration of six months from January 2022 to July 2022. From all the patients, a 10cc blood and 20cc ascitic fluid was obtained under aseptic conditions and was sent immediately to hospital diagnostic laboratory for measurement of MPV from blood and Poly-morphonuclear cells in the ascitic fluid. Data analysis was done by employing SPSS version 17. Results: In the current study, male patients were 129(62%) while female patients were 79(38%). The mean age (±SD) in the current study was 42 (±1.88) years. Based on platelet volume, 46(22%) patients had platelet volume range from 7.6- 8.5 fl, 100(48%) patients had platelet volume range 8.6- 9.5 fl, 62(30%) patients had platelet volume range 9.6- 11.5 fl. Mean platelet volume was 9.12 fl with SD ± 1.21. Conclusion: Our study concludes that MPV levels increase significantly in cirhhotic patients with ascitic fluid infection therefore MPV measurement might be thought of as an accurate diagnostic tool for predicting ascitic fluid infection. Keywords: Mean platelet volume; cirrhotic patients; ascitic fluid infection
The Role of Natural Drug Silymarinin in Chronic Liver Disease Patients
Authors: Hussain Shabir , Khan Muhammed Omer , Mustafa Amjad , Shaheen Ghazala , Feroz Sumera , Ahmad Shafiq
Published: October 2022

Background: Prediabetic patients and healthy overweight people also tend to suffer from NAFLD, but researchers have only scratched the surface of this condition. This study analyses the effect of hepatic steatosis on fibrosis and evaluates the key predictors of liver injury in prediabetes to see if the liver damage induced by prediabetes can be restored by adopting a Mediterranean diet and taking the nutraceuticalsilymarin. Place and Duration: In the department of Medicine of KGN Teaching Hospital/Bannu Medical College,Bannu for the duration of one year from 1st June 2019 to 30th May 2020. Methods: A total of 212 prediabetic individuals without a previous diagnosis of NAFLD and 126 healthy controls underwent a clinical evaluation, transient elastography evaluating liver stiffness (LS), and a controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). Subsequently, 212 patients at risk for developing diabetes participated in a prospective randomised interventional study, with 104 assigned to a Mediterranean diet alone and 108 assigned to a Mediterranean diet plus supplementation with silymarin (a flavonolignan complex isolated from Silybum marianum and Morus alba). Six months of treatment with 420 milligrams of silymarin twice daily. Participants underwent follow-up clinical and instrumental evaluations after the 6-month experiment period ended. Genotyping for patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 in prediabetic individuals (PNPLA3). Results: To date, natural products and their derivatives have accounted for over 50% of the natural remedies used to treat liver disorders. Despite natural medicine's many benefits and low risk, clinicians should be aware of the potential for adverse reactions such as liver injury, interstitial pneumonia, and abrupt respiratory failure. This means that when using naturopathic regimens to treat liver disorders, we must do everything in our power to prevent and avoid the negative influence of these drugs as much as possible. Using real-world examples to stress the importance of preventing and managing adverse reactions to the natural agents, this article explores the current application and proposed improvements of natural medicine in the treatment of liver illnesses. Conclusion: Silymarin has demonstrated effectiveness as a supportive treatment for the majority of liver diseases, including cirrhosis and alcohol-induced liver damage. Among patients with cirrhosis, silymarin therapy resulted in a substantial decrease in fatalities due to liver complications in clinical trials. Keywords: Liver illness, Cautions, Adverse Reactions, Herbal Medicine, Natural Nutraceuticals.
Comparison of Complications of Postpartum Iucd (Ppiucd) Insertion with Interval Iucd Insertion
Authors: Bashir Munazzah , Ashraf Shazia , Qureshi Mehreen Khalil , Ali Syeda Sana , Mahmud Mahvesh , Yusuf Lamia
Published: October 2022

Aim: Present study was aimed to compare complications of postpartum IUCD insertion with interval IUCD insertion. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration: Conducted at Gynae & Obs, AIMC/Jinnah Hospital Lahore during from August 2021 to March 2022. Methods: 110 women who used IUCDs were enrolled in this study. They all were equally divided into two groups (PPIUCD group and Interval IUCD group). Women ages were ranging from 20 to 35years. Patients detailed medical history including age, residence, socioeconomic status were examined after taking written consent. Outcomes were examined at follow-up and compared between both groups. Patients with Chorioamnionitis, Puerperal sepsis, PROM > 18 hrs, Potentially infected dai handling cases, Unresolved PPH were excluded from the study. Data was analyzed by SPSS 20.0. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Out of 110 patients of accepted IUCD, most of the patients were aged between 20 to 30 years who had used intrauterine contraceptive device and comprised 77.3%. Women with PPIUCDs had low complication rate as it was reported in 13 cases (23.47%) while (27.19%) was reported in 15 cases of Interval IUCDs group. Pregnancy and perforation was 0%. 48 (87.3%) women were satisfied with their PPIUCDs whereas 45 (81.8%) were satisfied with their Interval IUCDs. Continuation rate with PPIUCD was high 49 (89.1%). Bleeding problem was significantly higher in women with Interval IUCD (9.09%). Women with PPIUCD had more expulsion rate (7.27%). Rate of removal of IUCD in both the groups had minimum difference (9.09% and 10.9%). Conclusion: It is concluded that the insertion of immediate postpartum intrauterine contraceptive devices was effective and safe method with low complications rate. Keywords: PPIUCD, Interval IUCD, complications
Treatment Efficacy of Oral and Intravenous Iron Delivery Routes for Anemic Pregnant Women
Authors: Bukhari Amina , Abbasi Sughra , Ahmed Samina
Published: October 2022

Background: Although it particularly is prevalent in less-developed countries, anemia in pregnancy remains a significant problem in the developed world. It is one of the major health issues during pregnancy. The principle cause of anemia is iron deficiency, which is dependent on the patient's dietary status. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia is critically essential during pregnancy to prevent bad maternal and neonatal outcomes Objective: The study aimed to compare the oral and intravenous iron delivery routes in anemic pregnant women. Study design: It is an experimental study. The 120 patients who visited the gynecology department of the hospital for the duration of one year from June 2021 to May 2022 were selected. Material and Methods: The data was taken from 120 patients that were admitted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sindh Government Hospital Landis, The duration of study was one year. All the patients were aware of the study, as written consent was taken from them. The oral iron intake was given to 58 women and to the other 62 women the intravenous injections of iron was administrated during their pregnancy. All the participants completed their follow-up sessions throughout the year. The blood samples and the other data related to pregnancy was collected from each patient. Results: The back-count of tablets was carried out and it was observed that almost 89% women took their iron supplements daily. There were only 5% patients that took 50% of their iron tablets. The average dose that was given to women was 600mg in case of elemental intravenous iron. The average level of iron and ferritin are observed to be higher in the group administrated with intravenous injection as compared to the other group. The chances of hemoglobin rise were more in case of intravenously administered patients. Conclusion: The study was carried out to compare the oral and intravenous iron delivery routes in anemic pregnant women. It was found that intravenous delivery route of iron in form of iron sucrose is safe and an effective method for the iron therapy in anemic pregnant women, as it restores the hemoglobin stores efficiently as compared to other group. However, it is costly as it need hospitalization. As an alternative oral iron can also be used if the women has severe iron deficiency in the third trimester. Keywords: Intravenous iron delivery routes and anemic pregnant women.
Tough New Growth
Authors:   Character Lab, Bryan Christopher J.
Published: October 2022

“I think the geometry track is the way to go.” “But I’m really worried about putting too much pressure on him.” When our 11-year-old son, Henry, was entering middle school, his mom and I were torn about whether it would be too stressful for him to join the most accelerated math track. That track devotes twice as much daily class time to math, setting kids up to take more advanced courses in high school.
INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA MASCULINA E A TECNOLOGIA DIGITAL: AVALIAÇÃO DE APLICATIVOS MÓVEIS DISPONÍVEIS PARA DOWNLOAD
Authors: Ferreira Machado Adriana , Baia Estevam Fabrícia Eduarda , de Resende Izidoro Lívia Cristina , Miranda de Oliveira Hugo , Maciel de Souza dos Anjos Filipe , Teixeira de Carvalho Sérgio , Regina Ferreira da Mata Luciana
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a adequação e utilidade de aplicativos móveis voltados para reabilitação da incontinência urinária na população masculina.

Método: estudo descritivo, realizado com aplicativos direcionados à reabilitação da incontinência urinária masculina. Os aplicativos foram obtidos na Play Store e App Store. A busca foi realizada entre 3 e 10 de maio de 2021, em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram utilizados os termos “incontinência urinária”, “incontinencia urinaria”, “urinary incontinence” e “Kegel” para seleção. Os aplicativos foram descritos e avaliados conforme estabelecido nos itens da Applications Scoring System.

Resultados: Vinte e dois aplicativos foram selecionados. Três eram específicos para homens; três abordavam exercícios para fortalecimento da musculatura pélvica e diário miccional simultaneamente; e cinco eram compatíveis com ambas as lojas virtuais.

Conclusão: a maioria dos aplicativos disponíveis possui funcionalidades e informações limitadas acerca da incontinência urinária masculina. Espera-se que esse estudo contribua para o desenvolvimento de softwares mais abrangentes e adequados à população masculina com incontinência urinária.
PERCEPTIONS OF POSTPARTUM WOMEN ABOUT EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES DEVELOPED IN A NORMAL BIRTH CENTER: A DESCRIPTIVE-EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors: Alves da Silva Clemilda , Pereira Rodrigues Diego , Herdy Alves Valdecyr , Éder Dias Da Silva Sílvia , Simão Carneiro Márcia , Tavares Parente Andressa , de Oliveira Moura Letícia Diogo
Published: October 2022

Objective: to understand the meanings of postpartum women about the educational practices developed in a Normal Birth Center.

Method: descriptive-exploratory study, of qualitative approach, with 15 postpartum women assisted at the Haydeê Pereira Sena Normal Childbirth Center, in the metropolitan region of Pará, Brazil. Semi structured interviews were used from August to November 2020. Data were transcribed and submitted to content analysis in the thematic modality.

Results: it was found that the activities developed by the nurse midwives promote a link to the visibility of the site as a service that seeks to welcome and support women, ensuring greater tranquility, confidence, and respect at the time of birth.

Conclusion: the results translate the need to encourage educational practices to ensure rights and respect for women, such as quality assistance, a welcoming environment, aggregating tranquility, and confidence for normal birth. Thus, it contributes effectively to the practice of obstetric nursing with direct impact on the care of women and families.
Astragalus oksutdagensis (Fabaceae) Tohum Canlılığı, Çimlenme ve Yetişme Özellikleri
Authors: BAYSAL FURTANA Gökçen , ÖCAL ÖZDAMAR Fahriye , DUMAN Hayri
Published: October 2022

Tohum canlılığı ve çimlenme başarısı, hem nadir bulunan hem de nesli tehlike altında olan türlerin korunmasında oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, bilim dünyasına 2022 yılının ilk aylarında tanıtılan ve yapılan çalışmalar ile neslinin kritik tehlike altında olduğu bildirilen Astragalus oksutdagensis (Fabaceae) türünün tohum canlılığı, çimlenmesi ve dış ortama alışma problemlerini çözmek amaçlanmıştır. Tohum canlılığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılan tetrazolium testinin sonucuna göre tohumların %95 oranında canlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yüksek tohum canlılığına sahip türün çimlenme oranını belirlemek için kurutma kâğıdı ve agarlı MS besiyeri kullanılmış ancak çimlenme gözlenmemiştir. Bu nedenle tohumlar farklı ön uygulamalara maruz bırakılmıştır. En yüksek çimlenme oranı (%89±1) “testanın tamamen çıkarıldığı” uygulama grubunda olmuştur. Dış koşullara adaptasyonda in vitro koşullarda büyüme süresinin etkisinin de araştırıldığı çalışmanın son aşamasında, 3 farklı gruba ayrılarak 10, 20 ve 30 gün boyunca büyütülen fideler, uygulama sürelerinin sonunda torf ile doldurulan viyollere aktarılmıştır. Kontrollü koşullarda büyümesi sağlanan fidelerin sağlıklı şekilde vejetasyon sürecini tamamlama başarıları tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, 10 gün boyunca MS ortamında büyümesi sağlanan fidelerin dış ortam koşullarına daha iyi uyum sağlayabildiğini göstermiştir.
Estratégias de Poder em Canal de Distribuição do Varejo entre Pequenas Empresas e seus Principais Fornecedores
Authors: Moysés Filho José Edson
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelos principais fornecedores no canal de distribuição de minimercados e mercearias e seu impacto no desempenho de pequenos estabelecimentos comerciais.  Metodologia: Uma análise qualitative foi usada  e como procedimento metodológico foi aplicado um estudo de caso múltiplo. Originalidade: O estudo do poder nas relações interorganizacionais parece possuir uma multipluralidade de difícil operacionalização. A originalidade e relevância foram em  dicotomizar o poder em duas grandes vertentes; o coercitivo e o colaborativo. Principais Resultados: Como resultado pode-se concluir  que o poder dos principais fornecedores de Pequenas Empresas (PEs) se desenvolve balizado por aspectos relacionais, aspectos estruturais e aspectos cognitivos, o que vai influenciar o desempenho destas mesmas PEs. Contribuições Teóricas: As contribuições teóricas apontam para o desenvolvimento de capacidades em rede que parecem contribuir para o entendimento de estratégias em canais criando relevância central nas fontes de poder nas relações de fornecedores com pequenas empresas.
Charting the Constellation of Science Reform
Authors: Field Sarahanne
Published: October 2022

Doctoral thesis monograph - Sarahanne M. Field, 2022
Metascience 2019 Poster
Authors: Field Sarahanne
Published: October 2022

Poster for: Field, S. M., Hoekstra, R., Bringmann, L., & van Ravenzwaaij, D. (2019). When and Why to Replicate: As Easy as 1, 2, 3?. ​Collabra: Psychology, 5(1), 46.

Poster presented at Metascience 2019.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CONSTRAINTS TO FOOD SECURITY ALONG THE URBAN-RURAL CONTINUUM OF MID-SIZED TOWNS IN TANZANIA
Authors:   College of Business Education (CBE), Tumaini Ubaldus
Published: October 2022

This study on which this article is based assessed the varying constraints to food security along the urban-rural continuum in Morogoro and Iringa, Tanzania. A cross-sectional survey of 279 randomly selected households was conducted using a multi-stage sampling procedure. Both descriptive and inferential analysis approaches were applied to assess the status of and the varying constraints to food security among the surveyed households. The results show great variations in constraints to household food security along the continuum. Households located in urban and periurban areas had more food security than the households situated in rural settings. Food security among urban and peri-urban households was greatly constrained by low income, higher food prices, and expenditure on non-food items whereas household food security in rural settings was mainly affected by limited market access, shortage of farm labour, lack of access to agricultural inputs, drought, and soil infertility. Since constraints to household food security vary greatly along the urban-rural continuum, interventions to improve food security should adequately address these variations.
DISTRIBUTION AND PREDICTIVE OWNERSHIP OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN TANZANIA MAINLAND
Authors:   College of Business Education (CBE), Ntare Privatus
Published: October 2022

This study attempted to explore the distribution of primary schools and the predictive ownership of primary school teachers in Tanzania's Mainland. The dataset used in this study was collected in 2016 by the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics. To attain the objectives of this study the descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression model were adopted. A total of 17,094 schools were included in the study. The findings revealed that there was an unequal distribution of primary schools as well as primary school teachers in Tanzania's Mainland. Tanga was the region with many government primary schools (992) and Dar es Salaam was the region with many non-government schools (245). Katavi was the region with few government primary schools (175) and non-government schools (2). There were more permanent female teachers (104052) than permanent male teachers (98028) while in the case of the temporary teachers, males (2660) were more than females (1970). Also, the data showed that 94.1% of all schools were owned by the government. The logistic regression results indicated that the permanent female teachers were negatively connected with non-government schools while the permanent and temporary male teachers were likely to be in non-government schools. The logistic regression model successfully predicted the school ownership for 13663 schools with a reasonably high accuracy of 94.75%
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO GENDER DISPARITIES IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS: EVIDENCE FROM SOME SELECTED HIGHER LEARNING INSTITUTIONS IN TANZANIA
Authors:   College of Business Education (CBE), Mushi Grace , Massi Jane ,   COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION (CBE), Mwema Roby ,   COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION (CBE), Mazana Mzomwe ,   COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION (CBE)
Published: October 2022

The role of women in the development of nations has continued to gain its attention all over the world. That is why, issues concerning with gender disparities are often addressed. In Tanzania, gender inequality, especially the dominance of men is well reflected in leadership positions in higher learning institutions. This study, therefore, investigated factors contributing to gender disparities in leadership and managerial positions in the selected higher learning institutions in Tanzania. The study employed a mixed method and design utilizing both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and interview. Quantitative data were analysed through descriptive statistics and qualitative data through thematic analysis. The study revealed that family commitment, patriarchy culture, motherhood and men tending to be decision makers contribute to gender disparity in leadership positions in higher learning institutions. The study is significant to women because it addresses the factors that are pushing them back from holding leadership positions and their solutions. Also it is significant to policy makers because it will direct them towards making policies that touch gender inclusion in all levels as well as institutions to improve their efforts towards woman empowerment at working place.
THE INFLUX OF SECOND-HAND CLOTHING TRADE AND ITS IMPACTS ON THE GROWTH OF THE LOCAL TEXTILE SECTOR IN TANZANIA
Authors:   College of Business Education (CBE), Mwasomola Ulimboka , Ojwang' Enock ,   COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION (CBE)
Published: October 2022

In 2016 the value of the world used clothing trade rose from $1.8bn in 2006 to $3.7bn and Sub-Saharan Africa imported around 20 percent of the world's used clothing far more than any other region in the world. Tanzania with other members of EAC agreed to impose huge tariffs on SHC imports and introduced a complete ban on importation by 2019. However, member states retreated their move leaving the future of the textile sector uncertain following threats of economic sanctions from the USA. This study aims at assessing the status of the second-hand clothing trade in Tanzania and its impacts on the growth of the local textile sector. The study applies descriptive design involving qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentary reviews. The study was conducted in Dodoma and Dar es Salaam cities using a stratified random sampling technique. The data collected were analysed using content analysis. The study found that SHC is a lucrative business in Tanzania as 87 percent of respondents use SHCs. Ban of SHC trade is found not to be a preferred solution. It is further found out that SHC trade harms the growth of the textile sector but the failure of the sector cannot wholly be attributed to SHC trade alone. The study recommends for improvement of cotton agriculture, re-regulation of the SHC trade, and enforcing special regulations on the textile and clothing manufacturing sector
ANDRAGOGICAL IMPROVEMENTS FOR EFFECTIVE LEARNING OF MODULES EXPERIENCING POOR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE. A CASE OF THE COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION, DAR ES SALAAM
Authors:   College of Business Education (CBE), Mbunda Agustino , Ojwang' Enock ,   COLLEGE OF BUSINESS EDUCATION (CBE)
Published: October 2022

Mastering of the subject area and andragogical skills simplifies the teaching and learning process, thus, improves the academic performance of students in their respective examined modules. The current study explored the best andragogical approaches for effective learning of modules experiencing poor academic performance in Tanzania. The study was conducted in the College of Business Education (CBE) whereby a mixed methods approach was employed in the study. Interviews, questionnaires, and document review were used in data collection. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 105 bachelor and 70 diploma students at CBE, Dar es Salaam Campus. The study employed a content analysis technique for qualitative data collected through interviews and document review, while the data collected through questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The findings indicated that most of the methods used by instructors to modules experiencing studentsâ€™ academic failure were those characterized by teacher-directed learning approaches rather than studentsâ€™ self-directed learning. Some of the identified weaknesses in those methods were boredom, less participatory, not providing feedback on time, not sharing learnersâ€™ experiences and being theoretical oriented rather than being practical. It was also observed that some of the instructors lacked important attributes while interacting with students for effective learning such as being courageous, readiness of volunteering to help students, motivating students, being flexible and fair, and provision of guidance and counseling services to students. Based on the findings, the study recommends that there should be an in-service training on andragogical knowledge and skills to instructors to enable them to effectively perform instructional delivery and assessment activities. In addition to that, all instructors with modules experiencing poor academic performance should be ready to learn from other instructors whose modules or subjects do not experience poor performance.
Sustainable Leadership in Project Management. The Need for a New Kind of Leadership
Authors:   EAE Business School, Calle Joaquin Costa 41, 28002 Madrid, Spain,   These authors contributed equally to this work., Bulmer Elena , Riera Roca Magali ,   EAE Business School, Calle Joaquin Costa 41, 28002 Madrid, Spain,   These authors contributed equally to this work., Blas Julio ,   Departamento de Comunicación, Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Documentación, University Carlos III de Madrid, Calle Madrid, 126, 28903 Getafe, Madrid, Spain,   These authors contributed equally to this work.
Published: October 2022

Adopting a long-term perspective has helped companies survive in difficult times and overcome economic crises, recessions, and pandemics such as the current COVID-19. At present, the project management approach is changing from more authoritarian management models to frameworks that are based on the management of people and society. This article researches the concept of sustainable leadership in the project management profession. It evaluates the level of sustainable leadership among project managers in Spain using the Avery and Bergsteiner’s (2011) model of bees and locusts as a reference framework (Bee and Locust Sustainable Leadership Model). A qualitative study was carried out based on the analysis of the responses given by sixty-eight project managers in Spain who answered a 52-point ques-tionnaire. The findings yielded interesting results. It was found that in projects considered as temporal organizations, companies tended to employ a mixture of bee and locust’s leadership elements. Respondents recognized the importance of employee training and development, and most considered that it was essential to consider the environment when determining the organization’s commercial objectives. However, based on this study’s findings, the project management profession still has a long way to go as regards the practical implementation of sustainable leadership.