bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF REALIZATION OF BUDGETARY AND TAX FEDERALISM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education „Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University“, Shadrin Viktor K. , Dzokaeva Zalina M. ,   North-Ossetian state University named after K. L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia, Gagloeva Evelina N. ,   South Ossetian State University named after A. Tibilov, Republic of South Ossetia, Tskhinvali
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the economic and legal foundations of budgetary and tax federalism as fundamental principles of organization of the system of state and municipal governance in federal states. The system of distribution of budgetary and tax powers between all levels of government in the course of realization of the budgetary process is studied. The existing uncertainty of interpretations of budgetary and fiscal federalism reduces the possibility of their effective use in the process of developing managerial decisions at all levels of government. The budget model applied in the Russian Federation, based on the constitutional and contractual norms of delimitation of budgetary and tax powers, has distinctive features of the construction and functioning of the budgetary system. This leads to a decrease in the budgetary sustainability of most Russian regions, maintaining a high level of differentiation of the subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of fiscal capacity. The study characterized the main theoretical approaches to the concepts of budgetary and fiscal federalism, analyzed the implementation of the current budgetary and tax mechanism, in the context of existing problems and possible risks of financial sustainability of budgets of the budgetary system.
Hacia la cultura y la educación: las asociaciones mutuales en Puebla (1870-1890)
Authors: Muñoz Asseff Denisse
Published: December 2023

En el presente artículo se revisa el papel que las asociaciones mutuales cumplen en la cotidianidad de la vida obrera. Con base en una metodología documental con enfoque histórico, se analizan los hechos del pasado y se da cuenta de la importancia del trabajo fabril y sus formas asociativas. Entre los objetivos de las instituciones mutuales se tenía garantizar socorros temporales a sus partidarios heridos o enfermos y, algunas veces, asegurarles también una pensión. En general, concedían (en caso de una incapacidad para trabajar) una indemnización diaria, los cuidados médicos y medicamentos; en caso de fallecimiento, pagaban los gastos de los funerales. Por una parte, eran sociedades de beneficencia que sustituían a la caridad pública y a la limosna privada por el socorro mutuo y voluntario. En resumen, las funciones de las sociedades mutualistas eran principalmente económicas, al dar auxilio a los socios enfermos mediante un fondo general y la ayuda a la familia de los mutualistas en caso de fallecimiento; sin embargo, también tenían un componente social, mediante la creación de escuelas y la celebración de fiestas cívicas y religiosas.
The Importance of Data Encryption in Data Security
Authors: Goyal Prachi , Sharma Prachi , Sharma Mohit , Pareek Akshat
Published: December 2023

In today's digital agе, thе prolifеration of data-drivеn tеchnologiеs has rеvolutionizеd thе way information is еxchangеd and storеd. Amidst this transformation, еnsuring thе sеcurity and confidеntiality of sеnsitivе data has bеcomе paramount. Encryption, a fundamеntal tеchniquе in thе rеalm of cybеrsеcurity, plays a pivotal rolе in safеguarding digital information from unauthorizеd accеss and potеntial brеachеs. This rеviеw papеr mеticulously еxaminеs thе multifacеtеd importancе of еncryption in data sеcurity. Through an еxtеnsivе analysis of contеmporary rеsеarch studiеs, industry practicеs, and rеal-world applications, thе papеr еxplorеs thе undеrlying principlеs of еncryption algorithms, thеir еvolution, and thеir rеlеvancе in divеrsе sеctors, ranging from hеalthcarе and financе to govеrnmеnt and е-commеrcе. Thе rеviеw dеlvеs into thе challеngеs and opportunitiеs posеd by еncryption tеchnologiеs, еlucidating thе balancе bеtwееn sеcurity and usability. Furthеrmorе, it scrutinizеs еmеrging trеnds, such as quantum еncryption and homomorphic еncryption, which arе poisеd to shapе thе futurе landscapе of data sеcurity . By synthesizing a wealth of knowledge, this paper not only provides a comprehensive understanding of encryption's significance but also offers valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers aiming to fortify the digital infrastructure against evolving cyber threats
The goal of political satire in Indian media
Authors: Priti  , Verma Jyoti , kumar Sagar , Vashisht Raman
Published: December 2023

Our perception of humour has been altered by political satire. It would be true to claim that genuine journalism is less visible on successful news channels—also referred to as the fourth pillar of democracy—and more prevalent in stand-up comedians. With all of the needless yelling, screaming, and meaningless/baseless arguments, journalism has become a joke. Memes, stand-up comedies, and sitcoms have found a home on digital platforms. These content types have not only provided audiences with visual entertainment but have also had an impact on the daily lives of individuals from diverse backgrounds. The rise of political comedy on the internet has altered public perception of politics. The political satire of today disproves this notion through the use of memes, stand-up comedy, and situational comedy. This essay defines "enterprise Hindutva" as a mediation version of Hindu nationalism that has been influenced by social media's capabilities and the cultural norms that surround it in metropolitan India. Business Hindutva is able to reason, freely choose experiences, and collaborate with inconsistencies. It resides in the spectrum that is intended to be the ideological project.
STATE ACTIVITY IN ENSURING SOCIAL PROTECTION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors:   Institute of Law and Public Relations, ", Lidich Bohdan ,   Ukraine",   University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The article examines the state activities aimed to ensure social protection of persons with disabilities and analyses the legal framework of Ukraine which has a significant impact on the regulation of the issue. The author draws attention to the significant percentage of persons with disabilities in the general structure of the population of Ukraine and demonstrates the dynamics of growth in the number of this category of persons, including recently due to the consequences of the fullscale invasion of russia into Ukraine, which certainly requires expanding the state's participation in ensuring their social protection. The author came to the conclusion that social protection of persons with disabilities is a set of measures implemented by public authorities to ensure their rights and opportunities in all spheres of life and full realisation in society. It is established that when determining the state policy on social protection of persons with disabilities, public authorities and local self-government bodies should primarily proceed from the needs and interests of this category of population, and also take into account the implementation of the full range of opportunities necessary for their active life. Attention is drawn to the need to introduce EU standards to better ensure social protection of persons with disabilities and to the urgent need for educational programmes to eliminate prejudice against persons with disabilities in society, training of sign language interpreters, and implementation of socialisation programmes. Particular attention is paid to the role of NGOs, such as the Ukrainian Society of the Blind (UTOS) and the Ukrainian Society of the Deaf and Dumb (UTOG), which promote equal rights and opportunities for persons with disabilities and their social protection, social, labour and medical rehabilitation and monitor the implementation of state policy in the field of ensuring the rights of people with disabilities.
SOLIDARISM AS THE IDEOLOGICAL BASIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY
Authors:   Open International University of Human Developmеnt «Ukraine», Kadlubovych Tetyana
Published: December 2023

The article, based on the study and analysis of scientific literature, examines solidarism as an ideology, the essence of the concept of "solidarity" and "solidarism", defines the features of solidarism as a doctrinal approach to understanding politics and social life. It is noted that society cannot exist without ideology, as it is a set of ideas, views and beliefs fixed in public consciousness. The main views of the founders and representatives of this direction are considered. It is noted that even at the current stage of the development of society, the essence of the ideology of solidarism remains the subject of interdisciplinary research. It has been proven that any society is guided by the principles of solidarity, especially in the postmodern world, where the communicative understanding of politics becomes the leading one. The essence of civil society is determined not only by institutional and organizational forms, but also by a whole complex of value-meaning orientations of all citizens, among which solidarity occupies a prominent place, the main features of which are the ability to unite, activity, universality, dynamism, complementarity, etc. It is suggested that solidarity is the ideological basis of civil society, which actualizes and satisfies the implementation of various interests of citizens, influences the effectiveness of state activity, supports it or criticizes it, but never remains indifferent to the problems that arise. In addition, it is noted that solidarity acts as a strategy for mobilizing society during crises and dangers. It is concluded that solidarism is a modern ideology that offers humanistic ideals and values, acts as the basis of civil society, contributes to its consolidation, mobilization and reproduction. It is managed by the majority of Ukrainian citizens, as evidenced by the volunteer movement and the data of sociological surveys. Mutual support and mutual assistance, solidarity appear as values of the civilized world, to which the Ukrainian state undoubtedly belongs.
SOME ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATIONS OF SHIPPING SAFETY
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute of International Relations and Law of Kyiv International University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Panfilova Yuliya
Published: December 2023

The problem of ensuring the safety of navigation remains acute in maritime transport, which is one of the key issues in international trade. To implement the safety of navigation, the world community is taking steps to unify international standards, enshrine international law in national legislation, as well as strengthen the requirements for technical means of navigation. Despite the constant development of methods, techniques and technical means of safety, several thousand ships crash at sea every year, so this article is intended to highlight some aspects of international legal regulation of shipping safety. This problem has long crossed the boundaries of national and international. The main object of maritime safety, of course, is the ship as the main participant in maritime transport. The factors that pose a threat to a ship are different. This includes both weather conditions and the human factor, and the technical characteristics of the vessel. The issue of maritime safety is of a fundamental nature, and the key difficulty for its optimal solution is to distinguish between the very concept of "maritime safety" and ensuring shipping as such, ie its functional efficiency. Shipping, in the modern world, has occupied a huge niche in trade, economy, and in the transportation and service of passengers. That is, this process serves to meet the cultural, economic, scientific, recreational and other needs of mankind. Therefore, maritime safety must be ensured by both economic and legal aspects. And also for this it is necessary to create appropriate conditions for the transportation of various cargoes, for the comfort of passengers, to ensure the deployment and the necessary functioning of the navigation system, which will allow ships to follow the most profitable route with maximum safety. Given the above, this article analyzes a set of international legal standards, maritime customs and maritime practices designed to ensure the safety of navigation.
Penggunaan Dialek dalam Novel Seorang Tua di Kaki Gunung
Authors: Haroon Haslina , Zabir Adilah
Published: December 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti dan membincangkan penggunaan perkataan dialek Melayu dalam novel Seorang Tua di Kaki Gunung karya Azizi Haji Abdullah. Jenis perkataan dialek yang terkandung dalam teks sumber ditentukan berpandukan definisi dialek secara umum oleh Collins (1989) dan klasifikasi khusus perkataan dialek oleh Asmah (2008), Mohammed Azlan dan Idris (2014) dan Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat (2015). Kajian ini mendapati bahawa terdapat sebanyak 68 perkataan dialek Melayu dalam teks sumber, iaitu 53 perkataan dialek geografi (perkataan dialek Kedah atau Utara, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang dan Negeri Sembilan) dan 15 perkataan dialek sosial (perkataan arkaik, bahasa percakapan dan sastera lama). Penggunaan dialek Kedah atau Utara yang ketara di samping beberapa dialek sosial dilihat amat berkait rapat dengan konteks latar masa, tempat dan masyarakat dalam novel dan latar belakang pengarang sendiri.
Pemaknaan Medan Kecantikan Berasaskan Amalan Cobuild
Authors: Jamaluddin Norliza
Published: December 2023

Makalah ini mengemukakan kajian yang menerapkan amalan COBUILD (Collins Birmingham University International Language Database) dalam pemerian makna medan kecantikan bagi kamus ekabahasa bahasa Melayu. Pendekatan COBUILD dipilih kerana pemerian maknanya dalam bentuk huraian. Bentuk ini menghuraikan makna sama seperti bentuk bahasa Melayu yang standard. Bentuk ini agak berbeza daripada amalan leksikografi yang diterapkan dalam kamus ekabahasa kini, iaitu yang menggunakan bentuk “mampatan”. Sebanyak 18 entri medan kecantikan yang diteliti. Kajian ini mengemukakan dua objektif, iaitu pertama, penerapan amalan COBUILD dalam pemerian makna medan kecantikan dan kedua, kolokasi sebagai pembeza makna. Daripada 18 entri kecantikan ini yang memanfaatkan data korpus berkomputer Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka diperoleh 33 makna keseluruhannya. Daripada jumlah ini sebanyak 15 kelompok makna sama ada bagi entri yang sama atau entri yang berbeza dapat dikelompokkan. Persamaan dan perbezaan ini adalah menerusi kolokasi yang diteliti daripada baris konkordans
Bahasa Melayu Strategi Kesantunan Bertutur Remaja Program Dwisijil di Maktab Rendah Sains Mara
Authors: Zaini Ahmad Afindiy , Zainon Hamzah Zaitul Azma
Published: December 2023

Pelbagai dasar digubal dalam sektor pendidikan untuk memastikan remaja pada masa akan datang mempunyai kemahiran bertutur yang baik. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengenal pasti strategi kesantunan dan merumuskan aspek yang menyerlahkan keterampilan bertutur remaja ketika berinteraksi. Kajian ini disertai oleh remaja yang berusia 16 dan 17 tahun yang tinggal dan belajar di Maktab Rendah Sains MARA (MRSM), Baling Kedah. Remaja yang terlibat merupakan pelajar yang mengikuti program dwisijil di MRSM Baling, Kedah. Kajian ini melibatkan dua jenis interaksi, iaitu, interaksi spontan dan interaksi terancang. Sesi interaksi dirakamkan menggunakan alat perakam audio dan kemudiannya ditranskripsikan untuk dianalisis menggunakan teori Kesantunan Brown dan Levinson (1987). Hasil analisis digunakan untuk merumuskan aspek yang menyerlahkan keterampilan bertutur remaja ketika berinteraksi secara spontan dan terancang. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa keterampilan bertutur remaja ketika berinteraksi dikenal pasti melalu beberapa aspek penggunaan bahasa. Dalam hal ini, aspek linguistik berkaitan dengan peraturan penggunaan bahasa amat menitikberatkan ketepatan bentuk dan binaan bahasa. Oleh hal yang demikian, remaja perlu melengkapkan diri dengan pengetahuan melalui pembacaan untuk agar dapat menyerlahkan lagi keterampilan bertutur remaja untuk berinteraksi dengan lebih baik.
ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN LITERASI KEUANGAN TERHADAP KINERJA DAN KEBERLANJUTAN UMKM BIDANG F&B DI KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Hasanah Ade Nurul , Nurbaeti Nurbaeti , Nirbita Betanika Nila
Published: December 2023

The Small Micro and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector is one of the economic driving sectors that greatly influences the course of the economy in Indonesia. However, as time goes by, there are currently many obstacles in a company's financial literacy, where this financial literacy is very influential in the company's performance and the company's sustainability in the future. The Food and Beverages (FB) sector is a company sector that is still classified as MSMEs which is currently experiencing quite rapid development in several regions in Indonesia, especially in the City of Tasikmalaya. This study aims to determine the impact of the financial literacy knowledge of company owners in the field of Food and Beverages (FB) on the running of companies in Tasikmalaya City. In this study, a literature study method and a qualitative research method were used which were based on the author's experience in observing 2 companies in the field of FB. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that knowledge about financial literacy for a company owner is very important to learn, because a bankruptcy or decreased company income can be affected by the lack of competency of the company owner in carrying out good financial literacy.
ANALISA PELAKSANAAN PENINGKATAN PENGHASILAN MELALUI SUPPORT INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH BATU BATA DI DESA BLOK-15 KABUPATEN ACEH SINGKIL
Authors: Imsar Imsar , Syarvina Wahyu , Sumi Raudatun
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the implementation of increasing the income of the small and medium brick industry in Blok-15 Village, Aceh Singkil District, to find out how the government's efforts to support the implementation of small and medium industries in Blok-15 Village, Aceh Singkil District, and to find out how the efforts of activists bricks handle raw material shortages in Blok-15 Village, Aceh Singkil District. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data collection technique used was interviewing several brick activists, Pj. The Head of Blok-15 Village is accompanied by several Heads of Lorong Village Blok-15. Observations and documentation were carried out at the location of the small and medium brick industry in Blok-15 Village, Aceh Singkil District. The results of the research that have been obtained are that the implementation of increasing the income of the small and medium brick industry has been carried out well, but there are several obstacles that have become obstacles for them, namely the difficult supply of raw materials and until now there has been no government effort to support the industry which is the hope for activists. Both in terms of facilities and other. Then in an effort to deal with the current shortage of good raw materials it has been carried out effectively. If the supply of raw materials is always met, then activists will have no difficulty in producing these bricks again so that the needs of each household are met. Therefore, the role of government as a facilitator here is very much needed.
ANALISIS CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL PADA SEKTOR ENERGI PERIODE 2020-2022
Authors: Yanti Pitri , Ramadhani Indi , Sari Maya
Published: December 2023

This study used the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) to examine the return and risk levels of energy sector stock performance to identify efficient and inefficient groups of stocks. For the purpose of this study, a sample of 28 stocks from the energy sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020â€“2022 timeframe was chosen using a purposive sampling technique. Six out of the 28 equities, according to the analysis's findings, are considered to be high risk. PT Medco Energi Internasional and PT Perdana Karya Perkasa Tbk are the two stocks with the greatest and lowest respective levels of risk. Nine shares of firms out of the 28 stocks tested fall under the category of inefficient stocks (overvalued), whereas 19 other stocks fall under the category of efficient stocks (undervalued). Selling overvalued stocks and purchasing undervalued ones are two different financial decisions that should be made. Overvalued stocks should be sold, while undervalued stocks should be purchased.
Práticas escolares em Matemática do Ensino Médio no contexto da Educação do Campo: um estado do conhecimento
Authors: Brito Mariana Oliveira , Fernandes Fernando Luís Pereira
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo, apresenta-se um panorama da pesquisa brasileira, por meio de teses e dissertações, cujo foco foram as práticas escolares em Matemática no Ensino Médio, no contexto da Educação do Campo, no período 2013-2019. Trata-se de um estudo documental do tipo Estado do Conhecimento, cujo levantamento ocorreu no Catálogo da CAPES. Após seleção, constituiu-se o corpus de análise com sete dissertações. Contou-se com duas categorias analíticas construídas a posteriori, com base na construção iterativa de uma explicação, relacionadas à Pedagogia da Alternância em escolas do campo e as relações (ou não) entre saberes matemáticos locais e escolares. Os resultados apontam para a relevância da Pedagogia da Alternância no desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica, esta concebida como práxis e com contribuição de tendências em educação matemática como a Etnomatemática, a Educação Matemática Crítica e a Modelagem. Para a continuidade dos estudos, recomenda-se investigar pesquisas realizadas em classes dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental.
Anthropometric profile of the top-class male handball players participating in the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020
Authors: Krawczyk Pawel , Sieńko Michał
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to try to determine the factors that differentiate the height, weight, BMI, and age of high-level handball players participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.

Methods

The study included handball players participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. The study material consisted of data on athletes' body height, body weight, age, and BMI. The collected study material was analyzed about the position of the game, quarter and semester of the birth, continental location of the country, and geographical region. In parametric distribution, Student’s t-test and ANOVA were used. In non-parametric variables, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used.

Results

The highest average heights, weights, and BMIs are found in players playing in the pivot position, while the lowest are found in wing players. Interactions were shown within the body weight and BMI of the athletes. Players from Europe have the highest weight and BMI in the second semester of birth, while other players' highest results were in the first semester.

Conclusions

The factors that most strongly differentiate body height, body weight, and BMI are playing position. Factors that differentiate height and weight are the continental location and region of the country represented.
General muscle fatigue changed joint regulations in static and dynamic balance
Authors: Babayi Masumeh , Mortazavi Najafabadi Sayed Mohsen , Ashtiani Mohammed N. , Grzelczyk Dariusz
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study was aimed at investigating the joint regulations and body sway after general muscle fatigue during tasks that involve both static and dynamic balance.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used motion analysis to ascertain the kinematic changes in twelve healthy young individuals before and after running-induced fatigue. Six linear and nonlinear stability metrics were calculated to assess the whole body and joint-related variations.

Results

Significant instabilities were observed in the hip and specifically in the knee mechanisms and the whole body during the static condition. Velocity path length and approximate entropy for knee (p = .019, p = .027) and hip (p = .016, p = .042) were significantly greater after fatigue. These parameters for the whole body center of mass were also higher after fatigue (p = .013, p = .013). General muscle fatigue did not significantly affect the ankle during static and dynamic standing (p > .05).

Conclusions

Dynamic standing did not reveal the effects of fatigue either on local joint regulations or on the whole body except the nonlinear metrics of the proximal joints. The knee and hip were adversely affected by fatigue while the ankle strove to compensate for the fatigue-induced instability.
Analysis of volleyball players' force generation during jump spike from the perspective of electromyographic characteristics
Authors: Zi Wang  , Min Zhao
Published: December 2023

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the force characteristics of novice athletes and professional athletes in completing a cross spike at position four from the perspective of electromyographic characteristics.

Methods

Ten novice and ten professional athletes were selected as subjects. The electromyographic characteristics of the athletes were obtained by the Noraxon Ultium electromyography (EMG) and compared.

Results

In the first stage, i.e., the takeoff stage, the activation level of the rectus abdominis and external abdominal obliques was significantly higher in the professional group (p < 0.05). During the second stage, i.e., the stage of flying to hit the ball, the professional group had a higher integrated electromyography (iEMG) value in the trapezius. Moreover, it showed significantly higher muscle contribution from the rectus abdominis (5.59 ± 1.58%), external abdominal obliques (3.67 ± 1.21%), and trapezius (10.12 ± 2.61%) compared to the novice group (p < 0.05). In the third stage, i.e., the stage of landing and buffering, p < 0.05 in the comparison of the iEMG values of trapezius and gluteus maximus between the two groups. Moreover, the professional group exhibited higher muscle activation levels in all muscles except for the gastrocnemius, compared to the novice group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Professional athletes display superior muscle coordination and more effective muscle force generation in the trunk and lower limbs during the execution of the jump spike action.
My Mother Who Fathered Me
Authors: Clarke Edith
Published: December 2023

This expanded new edition of Edith Clarke's groundbreaking work, My Mother Who Fathered Me includes material taken from her personal collection in the Jamaican archives, published reviews of the earlier edition and a foreword by Rex Nettleford.
My Political Journey
Authors: Patterson P.J.
Published: December 2023

My Political Journey: Jamaica’s Sixth Prime Minister is P.J. Patterson’s account of his time as an active and successful participant in the political and social development of Jamaica and the Caribbean from the mid-1950s well into the early 2000s. He was widely regarded as a master political strategist and universally acknowledged as an astute negotiator. Jamaica is an enigma: its global impact belies its population and geographical size. This story of one of its most exceptional citizens is an enlightening revelation of the island’s political and cultural narrative. Patterson was born in 1935,the dawn of a new era in the development of Jamaica and the Caribbean. A previously disenfranchised population would gain a voice through universal adult suffrage and have a say in the direction of the nation’s affairs. Within a few decades, an independent nation would emerge to make a significant impact on the global landscape. Patterson is both a product of this new Jamaica and one of its architects, and his is a compelling and intimate account of a dramatic era for the young nation. P.J. Patterson led his country with distinction, implementing policies and programmes to foster social renewal and the development of a modern Jamaica that was prepared to face the challenges of the new millennium. Throughout his career in the People’s National Party, he gained international respect through the pivotal roles he played in the advancement of the causes of the developing countries of the world. My Political Journey recounts his performance at the national,regional and global levels and is a fascinating record of a nation’s postcolonial growth.
Montpelier, Jamaica
Authors: Higman B.W.
Published: December 2023

This detailed study of the life of a Jamaican plantation community during slavery and the post-emancipation period is based on archaeological investigations as well as more traditional documentary sources. The family and household structure of the slave population is analysed and linked to the physical layout of the village. A comprehensive picture of the material culture of the plantation workers is facilitated by sources, and covers everything from foodways to clothing, ornament and architecture.
Out of Order!
Authors: Robinson-Walcott Kim
Published: December 2023

Anthony C. Winkler, one of the most popular West Indian writers of the last fifty years largely due to his “out-of-order” outrageousness, is a white Jamaican who is often, on the basis of his writing, assumed to be black. Acknowledging the fluidity of the terms “white Jamaican” and “white West Indian”, the book offers a preliminary overview of writing by white West Indians, identifying stereotypes and relating Winkler’s books to prevalent trends demonstrated by other white West Indians – and suggesting that Winkler’s work stands apart from the mainstream in significant ways. The book provides a detailed analysis of two Winkler novels (The Lunatic and The Duppy) and an autobiographical work (Going Home to Teach). In examining these texts Robinson-Walcott highlights aspects of Winkler’s experience which have helped shape his distinctive, “out-of-order” vision. Anthony C. Winkler has emerged as a significant as well as an immensely popular Jamaican writer of fiction, with four novels, one autobiographical work and a collection of short stories already published, and two additional novels scheduled for publication in 2006. Several of his novels are being taught at universities in the West Indies and in North America, yet very little published criticism of his work exists. This book fills that gap; and because it has been written in a highly readable language, it is accessible to the many non-academic fans of his work.
New Crossings
Authors: Morrison Anthea
Published: December 2023

This interdisciplinary study focuses on recent migrant literature by five outstanding authors from the anglophone, francophone and hispanophone Caribbean: Maryse Condé, Edwidge Danticat, Junot Díaz, Curdella Forbes and Caryl Phillips. Anthea Morrison offers a unique focus on Caribbean migration from a diverse corpus of texts. The analysis emphasizes the importance of travelling in the Caribbean imaginary and the discourse of identity and offers close readings of several “migrant narratives”. Care is taken to underline the specificity of the national contexts which inform the work of each author, despite the manifest commonalities they share as Caribbean writers, and further, to illustrate the heterogeneity of Caribbean thought. The analysis seeks to demonstrate that Caribbean migrant literature is far from monolithic, not only because of inevitable sociopolitical and historical differences between the distinctive territories but also because of the singularities of temperament and experience which shape the attitudes of individual writers vis-à-vis the land left behind. At a time when, both regionally and internationally, issues of multiculturalism, migrancy and an apparent resurgence of nativism are topics of urgent discussion, New Crossings brings timely focus to the continuing importance of migration in Caribbean experience and in Caribbean literature.
Carotid endarterectomy compared with carotid artery stenting for extracranial carotid artery stenosis: a retrospective single-centre study
Authors: Birdal Oğuzhan , Çalık Eyüp S. , Arslan Ümit , Koza Yavuzer , Kaya Uğur , Çolak Abdurrahim , Hakan Taş M.
Published: December 2023

Aim: One of the main risk factors for an ischemic stroke is significant carotid artery stenosis, and extracranial severe carotid artery stenosis accounts for 20% of ischemic strokes. Prior to the development of carotid artery stenting (CAS), the only effective and reliable treatment for carotid artery stenosis was carotid endarterectomy (CEA). This study compares the results of CAS and CEA in patients with significant carotid artery stenosis.
Methods: Between 2018 and 2022, hospital records of all patients who underwent carotid artery revascularization at the institution were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups depending on whether CEA or CAS was performed for carotid revascularization. Propensity score matching was performed to reduce bias by equating the baseline clinical characteristics of the groups. To compare 30-day, 1-year, and long-term outcomes, rates of transient ischemic attack (TIA), myocardial infarction, stroke, all-cause mortality, and composite endpoints were analyzed.
Results: After PSM, 76 patients each in the CEA and CAS groups were compared. The mean age was 69.80 years ± 11.35 years and 121 (80%) were male. The patients were followed up for a mean of 33 months ± 6 months. The incidence of TIA in the perioperative period [9 (12%) vs. 4 (5%); P < 0.05], TIA and composite endpoint at 1-year period [11 (15%) vs. 2 (3%); P < 0.05 and 27 (36%) vs. 16 (21%); P < 0.05, respectively] were significantly higher in the CAS group than in the CEA group. No difference was observed between the groups in the long-term.
Conclusions: There was no noticeable difference between the CEA and CAS groups in the examination of cases with severe carotid artery stenosis in terms of 1-month, and 1-year results (apart from TIA and composite endpoints), or long-term outcomes. Extracranial carotid artery stenosis can be treated safely and effectively also by CAS.
On New Method and 3D Codes for Shock Wave Simulation in Fluids and Solids in Euler Variables based on a Modified Godunov Scheme
Authors: Abuziarov M. H. , Glazova E. G. , Kochetkov A. V. , Krylov S. V.
Published: December 2023

A three-dimensional technique for modeling shock-wave processes both in fluids and solids and for modeling fluid-structure interaction problems is proposed. The technique is based on a modified Godunov's scheme of increased accuracy, which is the same for both fluids and solids, and uses Eulerian-Lagrangian multimesh algorithms. Improving the accuracy of the scheme is achieved only by changing the "predictor" step of the original Godunov scheme. A three-dimensional and time-dependent solution of Riemann's problem is used, which provides a second-order approximation in time and space in the domain of smooth solutions. Monotonicity in the domain of discontinuous solutions is ensured by the transition to the "predictor" step of the first-order scheme. A similar solution of the Riemann problem is used at the contact "fluids - solids”. For each body, three types of computational grids are used with an explicit Lagrangian choice of movable free and contact surfaces. The first type of mesh used is a Lagrangian surface mesh in the form of a continuous set of triangles (STL file), which is used both to set the initial geometry of an object and to accompany it in the calculation process, and two types of volumetric three-dimensional meshes. These are the basic Cartesian fixed grid for each object, and auxiliary movable local Euler-Lagrangian grids associated with each triangle of the surface Lagrangian grid. The results of numerical simulation of the processes of the impact of ice fragments on a titanium plate, acceleration by detonation products of deformable elastoplastic bodies of various shapes, and steel strikers piercing an aluminum plate are presented.
Synchronized Control of Robotic Arm based on Virtual Reality and IMU Sensing
Authors: Lin Chih-Jer , Sie Ting-Yi , Chang Yu-Sheng
Published: December 2023

This study introduces a robotic control system that combines virtual reality integration and inertial measurement units (IMU) using mixed reality (MR) devices. The system integrates three main modules: (1) virtual reality (VR), which simulates remote reality by the Hololens2, (2) the wearable IMUs device, which captures the operator's hand movements; and (3) the robotic arm UR5, which is controlled by the user and the VR environment. The virtual and physical systems communicate via a Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQQT) communication architecture to establish communication between modules. To introduce a closed-loop control system for the robotic arm, model predictive control (MPC) was achieved with precise path planning to provide a flexible, intuitive, and reliable method to operate the remote-controlled manipulator. To validate the system integration and functions, two demonstrations were conducted: (a) the offline mode, where the VR module of the robotic arm was controlled by the IMUs device to check correctness, and (b) the online mode, where the control command was transferred to UR5 to complete a target mission via artificial potential field (APF) adjustment. The primary outcome of this study was the development of virtual and real industrial robotic arms to test the developed model in VR and shop floor labs.
Hygienic Characteristics of the Air Pollution in the Welding Working Area in Shipbuilding (the Case of St. Petersburg Shipyards)
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Chashchin Мaksim V. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Atabekov Anton I. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Kayk Еlena А. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Gudkov Аndrey B. ,   Northern State Medical University, Popova Ol’ga N.
Published: December 2023

Laboratory tests of air pollution at shipbuilding enterprises have shown that dust particles of welding aerosol consist of both poorly soluble Al, Fe, Ti and Pb compounds and Co, Cr, Cu, Mn and V compounds that are highly soluble in an artificial solution, while their ratio varies depending on the welding method. The purpose of this article was to perform a hygiene assessment of the air pollution in the shipyards’ working areas, taking into account solubility test results for the metal compounds contained in the welding aerosol. Materials and methods. The object of the study were the welding processes of two shipyards in St. Petersburg, Russia. We collected 97 air samples from under the welder’s face shield using 5.0 µm membrane filters and SKC Sidekick personal pumps. The soluble and insoluble chemical compounds of the welding aerosol in the artificial solution were analysed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific Element XR) and an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (Perkin Elmer Optima 7300V). Results. Significant differences were established between the enterprises in the shift-weighted average concentrations of chemicals in the air of welding areas: by the factor of 19.6 for manganese (181.04 and 3563.80 µg/m3) and 1.5 for iron (1291.71 and 862.49 µg/m3). We recorded a wide range of shift-weighted average concentrations of welding aerosols with a complex chemical composition in the welding working areas. However, there were significant hygienic differences in the test results between the shipyards. One of the important characteristics of welding aerosol studied here is the solubility of its elements, which determines the ability of toxic substances to penetrate through the lung tissue into the bloodstream, causing acute or chronic health effects. Thus, hygiene assessments of the air pollution in the working areas in shipbuilding should be based on a personalized approach and take into account changes in the welding methods applied, types of welding materials, etc.
Modified Technique for Assessing External Respiration Function in Chronic Tracheostomy Patients
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Faynshteyn Dmitriy V. , Sevriukova Galina A. , Doletsky Alexey N. , Klauchek Sergey V.
Published: December 2023

The function of external respiration (quiet breathing and forced maneuver) was studied in two groups of subjects: 18–24-year-olds (n = 48) and 50–60-year-olds (n = 36). Their parameters were recorded using the Spiro-Spectrum device (Neurosoft). A modified technique was tested taking into account the functionality of respiratory maneuvers in people with a permanent tracheostomy tube. Regression equations were derived to assess the external respiration function in tracheostomy patients and compare their parameters with normal values.
Mechanisms of Serotonin Effects on Physical Performance: A Descriptive Review
Authors:   Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Ivanova Ekaterina S. , Nigmatullina Razina R. ,   Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism,   Kazan State Medical University, Bezbryazov Aleksey V. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: December 2023

It has been proven that both central and peripheral fatigue contributes to а decrease in physical performance. Physical activity causes biochemical changes in the body. One of the most important factors causing biochemical changes and leading to fatigue is the accumulation of extracellular serotonin in both the blood and the brain during exercise. It is a hormone whose concentration increases with physical activity. This paper describes the basic mechanisms of serotonin synthesis, its contradictory effects on motor neurons and its direct impact on the structure of muscle tissue. An extensive literature search was conducted among publications in the PubMed database for the period from its launch to 2022 using the query effects of serotonin on physical performance and the following keywords: serotonin, physical fatigue, physical performance, muscles. The subject search was expanded to obtain additional information and define common terms. As a result, 82 records were found, while additional 25 studies were selected manually, describing the effects of serotonin on physical performance both by the site of action and by the mechanisms of its formation. Selection was based on the healthy people and animals criterion, but was not limited by the language or type of publication. The results include article reviews, reports and abstracts of scientific papers. References to studies on the topic of interest in the works were considered to identify additional publications.
Analysis of Catecholamine Content and Lipid Metabolism Parameters in the Indigenous and Local Russian Population of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation
Authors:   N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nesterova Ekaterina V. , Bichkaeva Fatima A. , Shengof Boris А.
Published: December 2023

The study of fat metabolism and the levels of sympathoadrenal hormones in the indigenous population of the Arctic presently changing their lifestyle from nomadic to sedentary is undoubtedly of practical interest. The purpose of this article was to conduct a comparative analysis of the content of catecholamines, triglycerides and saturated fatty acids in the inhabitants of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, depending on their lifestyle (nomadic indigenous people, sedentary indigenous people, and local Russian population), age and sex. Materials and methods. The study involved 472 subjects: men and women of the first (men: 22–35 years old; women: 21–35 years old) and second (men: 36–60 years old; women: 36–55 years old) periods of adulthood, leading different lifestyles. The following were determined in the blood serum: triglyceride concentrations using the enzymatic method; level of saturated fatty acids (ƩSFA) using gas-liquid chromatography, followed by а calculation of the content of short-, medium- and long-chain saturated fatty acids (ƩSCFA, ƩMCFA, ƩLCFA). Urine levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline were determined by means of fluorimetry. Results. Regardless of their lifestyle, adult subjects, primarily women, showed high adrenaline values, low triglyceride concentrations and elevated ƩSFA. Correlation analysis established a negative association of adrenaline with ƩLCFA and ƩSFA in sedentary indigenous women aged 21–35 years and with ƩMCFA in those aged 36–55 years. In local Russian women aged 36–55 years, on the contrary, a positive association of noradrenaline with ƩSCFA, ƩMCFA, ƩLCFA and ƩSFA was found. No statistically significant correlations were identified in nomadic indigenous women. Unlike women, men had a correlation between adrenaline content and ƩMCFA only among local Russians: negative in 22–35-year-olds and positive in 36–60-year-olds with high noradrenaline levels. On the one hand, low triglyceride values and elevated ƩSFA among residents of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation maintain the energy homeostasis of the body. On the other hand, they lead to overweight and obesity, which increases the risk of new-onset metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases, especially in women.
Desa Wisata Brayut sebagai Ruang Interaksi Sosial Wisatawan Asing dan Masyarakat Lokal
Authors: Putri Irawati Anindya , Sari Meliana , Cahyani Aprilia Dwi
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji perilaku wisatawan asing dalam aktivitas berwisata di Desa Wisata Brayut ditinjau dari perspektif masyarakat lokal. Perilaku wisatawan yang disorot dalam penelitian ini adalah proses interaksi wisatawan asing dengan masyarakat lokal Desa Wisata Brayut dan interaksi wisatawan asing dengan unsur non-manusia, seperti alam, adat istiadat, nilai, dan norma yang dijunjung tinggi oleh masyarakat lokal. Lokus penelitian ini adalah di Desa Wisata Brayut, Pandowoharjo, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah ketua pengelola Desa Wisata Brayut dan masyarakat lokal. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara terstruktur, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model analisis Creswell. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wisatawan asing memiliki antusiasme yang tinggi dalam mengeksplorasi potensi di Desa Wisata Brayut. Perbedaan bahasa, adat istiadat, dan hambatan potensial lainnya justru dimanfaatkan wisatawan asing sebagai momentum membangun keintiman dengan masyarakat lokal. Cara masyarakat lokal mendidik wisatawan berbasis pengetahuan lokal, kearifan lokal, dan kesadaran lingkungan memberikan pengalaman wisata yang auntentik bagi wisatawan asing. Tindakan tersebut ditujukan untuk mendukung penerapan konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan supaya nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Desa Wisata Brayut tetap terjaga keasliannya. Penelitian mendatang dapat memusatkan kajian pengembangan inisiatif berkelanjutan yang tidak hanya merangsang interaksi positif antara wisatawan asing dan masyarakat lokal, tetapi juga menekankan pada aspek pengembangan ekonomi lokal dan pelestarian budaya.