bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diffusion Monte Carlo determination of the binding energy of the 4He nucleus for model Wigner potentials
Authors: Bishop R F , Buendia E , Flynn M F , Guardiola R
Published: November 2023

The diffusion QMC method is especially well suited for a number of problems in areas far from the electronic structure theory of atomic and molecular systems. This paper describes a set of problems in the binding of nucleons for which a wide variety of other methods (mostly variational, including independent pair correlations, configuration interaction, coupled cluster, coupled rearrangement, and many others) have given some accurate results, but for which the DQMC method gives essentially exact results. The example here is the two-proton, two-neutron 4He nucleus with four different model Wigner potentials that omit some of the basic features of the problem but may be considered “quasi-realistic.” The four model potentials, known as V7, Bl, S3, and MTV, are of a form such that the ground state is nodeless, thus providing ideal cases for DQMC. Both variational and diffusion QMC calculations were carried out for each of the model potentials using a trial wavefunction consisting of a product of Gaussian functions, one for each nucleon, multiplied by a nucleon-nucleon Jastrow function, all optimized to minimize the VQMC energy (not the variance). The VQMC energies so obtained were in broad agreement with those of other methods, but the DQMC energies were lower and for each of the four interactions may be considered the most accurate available. As noted in the paper, these provide “an extremely accurate set of reference numbers against which other approximate techniques .
Peeling Bifurcations
Authors: Gilmore Robert , Letellier Christophe
Published: November 2023

In Chapter 4 we saw that a dynamical system can have many inequivalent double covers, each with the same symmetry group. This was shown explicitly for double covers of adynamical system exhibiting horseshoe dynamics. The four distinct double covers all possessed R z (n) symmetry but possessed different topological indices (no, n1 ) . The rotation axis of the symmetry group R z (n) linked the image dynamical system in four ways (cf. Fig. 4.2). In creating these four distinct double covers we were careful that the rotation axis did not intersect the strange attractor. This is possible at the level of a branched manifold description of the dynamics and sometimes possible for real strange attractors. But it is not always possible. For example, there is usually no clear gap in a (Rossler-like) strange attractor between orbit segments that project to the branches O and 1 under the Birman-Williams projection.
Multichannel Intermittency
Authors: Gilmore Robert , Letellier Christophe
Published: November 2023

Intermittent behavior has been observed under a wide variety of circumstances. Typically, the following behavior is observed. The physical system behaves in a regular, predictable way for a reasonable period of time. Over a rather short period of time, the system departs from regularity and may even behave in a very irregular, highly unpredictable way. Eventually the system returns to the original type of regular behavior and the cycle repeats. The durations of the periods of regular and irregular behaviors are not predictable but the statistics of these time intervals are predictable and vary smoothly with the control parameters.
Symmetry without Groups: “Topological Symmetry”
Authors: Gilmore Robert , Letellier Christophe
Published: November 2023

Cover-image relations occur naturally whenever a g -----+ l (g 2”. 2) local diffeomorphism can be constructed and used to lift a strange attractor in ]Rn (n 2”. 3) to a g-fold cover in ]Rn. Local diffeomorphisms can be constructed algorithmically whenever a sylilliletry group of order g = lgl is identified and its action on ]Rn is given through a defining representation (cf. Chapters 3-6). •We have studied the cover-image relation primarily in JR3 for two important reasons. Most of the strange attractors that have been studied so far exist in JR3 More importantly, chaos in three dimensions is reasonably well understood by now[33,34]; this is not the case for chaos in dimensions n > 3.
Injury Severity
Authors: Robertson Leon S
Published: November 2023

The measurement of injury severity is an essential element of the use of injury epidemiology for injury control. In any given year, virtually everyone experiences minor injuries, such as small scratches, bruises, and burns. Most of these heal with little or no treatment and do not interfere with one’s activities. The energy sources, vehicles and vectors, and other circumstances of injuries are usually not the same for those that are relatively severe and those with trivial consequences. Since trivial injuries are so common, priority in the devotion of resources to control of injuries based on total numbers in a given category can result in substantial misallocation of resources with respect to reducing the cost of injuries and the improvement of the quality of life of the severely injured and their families.
National Injury Surveillance
Authors: Robertson Leon S
Published: November 2023

The word “surveillance,” with its connotation of police watching the residences of suspects, or someone’s phone being tapped, may not be the best word to describe an epidemiological activity. The epidemiological use of the term refers to collection of data on who, when, where and, sometimes, how people become diseased or injured. The data are purged of individual identifiers so that the individuals involved are anonymous.
Evaluation of Agent, Vehicle, and Environmental Modifications
Authors: Robertson Leon S
Published: November 2023

Control of energy, vehicles that convey the energy, and characteristics of environments that contribute to the concentration of energy and vehicles has often been successful in reducing injury when applied. Product manufacturers and the builders of roads, housing, and other products have the opportunity to modify them to reduce the incidence and severity of injurious energy exchanges. The sources of the vast majority of serious injuries are the products of industry and builders in everyday or frequent use, among them motor vehicles, roads, guns, agricultural and industrial machines, stairs, cigarettes, matches, propane lighters, stoves and space heaters, clothing, bedding, swimming pools, and watercraft.
Summation of Principles
Authors: Robertson Leon S
Published: November 2023

Injury is a public health problem that is neglected relative to its importance in lost years of life and disability. Injury control has more immediate health and economic benefits than does chronic disease control. The infectious model-agent, carrier, host-can be applied to injuries. Interventions can reduce injuries, their severity, or consequences by modifying these factors at specific phases of the injury-before and during the acute phase and afterward.
Replenishing the Self: Solitude, Silence, and Mindfulness
Authors: Wicks Robert J
Published: November 2023

The substance of a famous speech in James’s The Ambassadors likewise left a deep impression on Hemingway, as one of the key speeches in The Sun Also Rises reveals. “Listen Jake,” Robert Cohn says in the second chapter. “Don’t you ever get the feeling that all your life is going by and you’re not taking advantage of it? Do you realize you’ve lived nearly half the time you have to live already?” In more casual parlance, Cohn is echoing the words of James’s Lambert Strether, as he unburdens himself to Little Bilham in Gloriani’s beautiful Parish garden. “Live all you can; it’s a mistake not to. It doesn’t so much matter what you do in particular, so long as you have your life.
Radicals for Capitalism
Authors: Burns Jennifer
Published: November 2023

“I am coming back to life,” Rand announced as the Nathaniel Branden Institute entered its second year of existence. Watching Nathan’s lectures fill, Rand began to believe she might yet make an impact on the culture. Roused from her despair, she began once more to write. In 1961 she published her first work of nonfiction, For the New Intellectual, and in 1962 launched her own monthly periodical, The Objectivist Newsletter. Over the course of the decade she reprinted articles from the newsletter and speeches she had given in two more books, The Virtue of Selfishness and Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal. Although she occasionally talked of a fourth novel, Rand had abandoned fiction for good. Instead she reinvented herself as a public intellectual. Gone were the allegorical stories, the dramatic heroes and heroines, the thinly coded references to real politicians, intellectuals, and events. In The Objectivist Newsletter Rand named names and pointed fingers, injecting herself directly into the hottest political issues of the day. Through her speeches and articles she elaborated on the ethical, political, and artistic sides of Objectivism.
It Usually Begins with Ayn Rand
Authors: Burns Jennifer
Published: November 2023

The schisms of 1968 were a disaster for Rand but a boon for many of her readers. Afterward she retreated into private life, emerging only once every year to address the Ford Hall Forum, an event that became known as the “Objectivist Easter.” But the ideological energy amassed by Rand and her followers was too strong to disappear overnight, as had NBI. The break even had an invigorating effect on the spread of Objectivism, broadly considered, because the shuttering of NBI coincided with a new wave of right-wing activity on campus. As young conservatives began to mobilize against an increasingly radical New Left, Rand’s ideas became an important source of inspiration and guidance. And now, without the dictats of NBI, there was ample room for interpretation. No longer “students of Objectivism,” those who liked Rand were free to call themselves Objectivists or libertarians. They could follow the logic of their antistatism all the way to the newly popular position of anarchism or, with a nod to Rand, anarcho-capitalism. Rand’s works were too potent and too popular to be confined or controlled, even by their creator.
Step 5: Dissemination of Findings and Program Materials: The Challenge of Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Fraser Mark W , Richman Jack M , Galinsky Maeda J , Day Steven H
Published: November 2023

This book is about change—it is about designing change strategies based on research, and evaluating those change strategies in practice. We contend that good practice and good research are excellent partners because, when practice is informed by research, outcomes are often improved. Likewise, when research is informed by practice, the programs that are developed are likely a better fit for the intended population and the intended setting. For well over 100 years, scholars have been working to improve the scientific bases for social-health services—the benefits of those efforts are now emerging.

However, whether focused on the etiology of social and health problems or the effectiveness of the services designed to address problems, the translation of scientific information to practice has rarely operated as intended. Early research findings were often equivocal and interventions were poorly defined; even when interventions seemed to work, they were black boxes with no clear explanation of why they were successful. Fortunately, this situation has begun to change as researchers have based interventions on specific mechanisms hypothesized to mediate risk and outcomes, resulting in more focused interventions and a growing body of promising findings.

Despite these advances, the transfer of knowledge to practice has remained painfully slow. Indeed, the practice strategies employed by current health and mental health professionals may be lagging behind research knowledge by as much as 15 or 20 years (Brekke, Ell, and Palinkas 2007; Institute of Medicine 2001). To close this gap, we need to give greater consideration to dissemination and diffusion in intervention research. As a new program progresses from early design to pilot testing, and then through efficacy and effectiveness trials, we need to anticipate the contingencies that will influence its adoption in the real world.
Nosology of Somatoform Disorders
Authors: Lamberty Greg J
Published: November 2023

There is a clear lack of consensus regarding definitions and nosology in somatoform syndromes, and this is obvious with a cursory review of the clinical literature. Outside of the clinical context, the use of such terms as hysteria, somatization, somatoform disorders, functional somatic syndromes, and medically unexplained symptoms is even more bewildering for patients and nonmedical personnel. Typically, a diagnosis is a descriptive label used to convey information about the nature and cause of a syndrome, disorder, or disease. A good diagnosis not only should convey descriptive information but also should communicate information about prognosis and treatment/management possibilities. In thinking about diagnoses and how they ideally work, an oversimplified example using the common medical diagnosis of hypertension is instructive. Hypertension is chronically elevated blood pressure. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures above certain levels (measured in millimeters of mercury) are considered indications of high blood pressure. Provided that a diagnosis of hypertension is arrived at through well-recognized methods, various forms of treatment or management are indicated. These might include the use of antihypertensive medication, dietary changes, exercise, and/or lifestyle alterations, or a combination of these treatments. While there are doubtless debates about subtleties of determining at-risk levels, methods of measurement, and therapeutic approaches, the basics of a diagnosis of hypertension seem clear.
Someone I Love Has Died
Authors: Silverman Phyllis R , Kelly Madelyn
Published: November 2023

There is perhaps no greater blow than the death of someone you love. Sometimes it’s news that comes in a phone call; sometimes it happens before your eyes. An accident, a sudden heart attack, an overdose, a long illness, a violent death, a bee sting, a suicide: no matter what the cause, it rips out the core of who you are.
Lucilia sericata Laboratory Populations: Toxicant Effects Modified by Stage-Specific Density Dependence and Stochasticity
Authors: Moe S Jannicke , Kristoffersen Anja B , Stenseth Nils C
Published: November 2023

The case study species for this chapter is the green-bottle blowRy Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), a pest species that attacks sheep and causes significant economic damage worldwide. Pest organisms are typically opportunistic species with high reproductive capacity and rapid growth, which can lead to population out-breaks and large Ructuations in abundances. Here we use RAMAS (Akçakaya 2005) to explore which demographic factors promote population outbreaks for a laboratory system of L. sericata, and how the risks of population outbreaks are affected by toxicant exposure. Although extinction is not very likely for pest populations, analysis of extinction probabilities for different scenarios can nevertheless help identify the factors that suppress the population growth, which can clearly be an aim for control of pest species.
Stressor Impacts on Common Loons in New Hampshire, USA: A Demonstration Study for Effects of Stressors Distributed across Space
Authors: Walters Steven , Kuhn Anne , Nicholson Matthew C , Copeland Jane , Rego Steven A , Nacci Diane E
Published: November 2023

Organisms, the resources upon which they depend, and the stressors that affect them typically exhibit heterogeneous distributions. Such heterogeneity results in spatially distributed populations or, at more extreme levels of heterogeneity, metapopulations (or “populations of subpopulations”; Levins 1970; Hanski 1998) whose broader scale regional dynamics are driven by localized dynamics (births, deaths, etc.) coupled with interactions among subpopulations (e.g., dispersal). Methods and modeling frameworks that explicitly incorporate spatial dimensions of population dynamics can therefore be essential for effective risk assessments. Knowledge of the demography of a wildlife species can be combined with spatially explicit habitat data and information on stressors, through the use of GIS. Such tools can be used to forecast the relative spatial distribution of organisms and to identify potential hotspots at which species and stressors significantly overlap (Dunning et al. 1995; Turner et al. 1995, 2001; Johnson 2002; Landis 2002). Theoretical studies suggest that spatial dependence in wildlife demography and stressor exposure levels can lead to dramatic differences in predictions derived from nonspatial versus spatial modeling approaches (Hiebeler 1997, 2000). In particular, localized stressors affecting source and sink subpopulations (i.e., sub-populations exhibiting net positive vs. negative growth, respectively; Pulliam 1988), interconnected via dispersal, can translate to regional level metapopulation impacts (Pulliam and Danielson 1991).
Islam in Indonesia in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Mehden Fred R von der
Published: November 2023

Domestic and international forces have transformed Islam in Indonesia significantly since the early 1980s. In this chapter, I assess the nature of these changes and the influence that framed them. Special attention is given to the effect on Islam of two major events since the year 1999: the reemergence of democracy in Indonesia and the ramifications of 9/11 and its aftermath. I consider the implications of these changes on the relation of Islam to democracy, pluralism, the growth of religious radicalism, and reactions to the ‘‘war on terror’’ among Muslims in Indonesia.
The Effect of 9/11 on Mindanao Muslims and the Mindanao Peace Process
Authors: Mercado Eliseo R
Published: November 2023

So Shakespeare’s chorus described the eve of Agincourt. The words might well have been written also of Mindanao, more particularly of Muslim-Christian relations. When faiths and religious traditions confront each other, it is, for the most part, with ‘‘fixed sentinels’’ and even with the ‘‘whispers of the other’s watch.’’ It is said that Christianity and Islam are physically adjacent. Yet, for all their nearness, the relations between these two faiths and their respective adherents are largely shrouded in mutual suspicion and darkness. There are few exceptions on either side to rise above the general ignorance and suspicion that obscure one from the other.
Orthodox Christians in America
Authors: Erickson John H
Published: November 2023

Although there are over 200 million Orthodox Christians worldwide, 4 million of whom live in the United States, their history, beliefs, and practices are unfamiliar to most Americans. This book outlines the evolution of Orthodox Christian dogma, which emerged for the first time in 33 A.D., before shifting its focus to American Orthodoxy--a tradition that traces its origins back to the first Greek and Russian immigrants in the 1700s. The narrative follows the momentous events and notable individuals in the history of the Orthodox dioceses in the U.S., including Archbishop Iakovos' march for civil rights alongside Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., the Orthodox missionaries' active opposition to the mistreatment of native Inuit in Alaska, the quest for Orthodox unity in America, the massive influx of converts since the 1960s, and the often strained relationship between American Orthodox groups and the mother churches on the other side of the Atlantic. Erickson explains the huge impact Orthodox Christianity has had on the history of immigration, and how the religion has changed as a result of the American experience. Lively, engaging, and thoroughly researched, the book unveils an insightful portrait of an ancient faith in a new world.
Buddhism’s Growth and Popularity
Authors: Mann Gurinder Singh , Numrich Paul David , Williams Raymond B
Published: November 2023

Today, more Americans either practice Buddhism or express positive views about it than at any other time in U.S. history. This is largely the result of two important social trends that began in the 1960s: the ending of immigration restrictions against Asians, and the religious dissatisfactions of many Americans born after World War II. The “baby-boomers,” as they came to be called, grew into a generation of spiritual seekers. Some who had been raised as Christians or Jews sought alternative identities among the many new religious movements that sprouted in the 1960s and later, including several Buddhist groups new to the United States. A 1998 book called The Complete Guide to Buddhist America highlighted the dramatic increase in the practice of Buddhist meditation, listing nearly 1,100 meditation centers throughout the United States and Canada, ninety-eight percent of them founded since 1965 and fifty-eight percent since 1985.
Hindu Temples
Authors: Mann Gurinder Singh , Numrich Paul David , Williams Raymond B
Published: November 2023

Hundreds of Hindus gathered for the dedication of a new Hindu temple at Lemont, Illinois, near Chicago in January 1985. Brahmin priests from India had spent the previous days performing the ancient rituals to prepare the site and install the images of the gods in their new home. At the most favorable moment, the people carried the metal images around the outside of the temple, preceded by Brahmins chanting Sanskrit verses. Large, elaborately decorated umbrellas protected the sacred images of Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, and Hanuman. The crowd, dressed in colorful traditional clothing, followed the images. Each woman carried a water pot with a coconut and flowers covering it, a sign of an especially significant occasion. They followed the images through the temple doors, shouting praises to Rama, the main deity of the temple.
Reformers and Crusaders
Authors: Fisher James T
Published: November 2023

American society has frequently witnessed a strong impulse toward reform of its major institutions. The Progressive era (stretching roughly from the late 1890s until 1917, when the United States entered World War I) and the New Deal years of the depression-wracked 1930s were two periods marked by sustained desires to achieve greater social and economic justice in the United States. Because so much of the reform activity of the Progressive era and the New Deal focused on urban life, American Catholics found themselves closer to the center of national concerns than ever before. Throughout these periods, the church was also involved in a campaign for greater organization and effectiveness that mirrored national trends.
The Uneasy Triumph of Catholic America
Authors: Fisher James T
Published: November 2023

World War II dramatically reshaped American life. While millions of Americans served in the armed forces, even more contributed on the home front by working in war industries or taking on jobs once performed by those now serving in the military. Vast numbers of Americans moved from regions of the country where their families had lived for generations to strange new cities. When the United States emerged victorious from war in 1945, many citizens wondered if the changes of wartime were permanent or if a more traditional way of life could be restored.
Oracles of God
Authors: Barton John
Published: November 2023

Oracles of God is a study of ideas about ancient prophecy current in Judaism and Christianity from the Exile to the end of the New Testament period. It examines the prophetic section of the Old Testament canon in both Hebrew and Greek traditions, the various pictures of prophets, their role and message, and looks at the various ways in which prophetic scripture were read in the period. Source material discussed includes much apocryphal and pseudepigraphical writing, documents from Qumran, the works of Philo and Josephus, the New Testament and some rabbinic literature. The book is essential reading for all students of Old and New Testament ideas about prophecy.
Prophecy and the Divine Plan for History
Authors: Barton John
Published: November 2023

The exegetical and pseudonymous literature that works in our second mode usually appears to have an interest in the whole sweep of world history, but the appearance is very often deceptive. Though a scheme of historical prediction and fulfilment reaching back into the remote past, sometimes as far as the creation, provides the vehicle for commentator or pseudcpigraphist to convey his message, the substance of that message is concerned with the present and the immediate future; the grand historical scale is little more than stage machinery.
Law and Punishment in the Formation of Empire
Authors: Turner Karen
Published: November 2023

A commitment to civil law stands as one of Rome’s enduring legacies, the basis for the rule of law in the countries that preserved Roman legal ideals and practices long after the empire disappeared. But, as Bauman has noted in his study of crime and punishment in ancient Rome, the criminal law always operated as the “poor relation on the Roman legal scene.” Indeed, many textbook surveys of Roman law devote little attention to penal philosophies and practices. By contrast, observers of Chinese history who argue that imperial China’s preoccupation with criminal law continues to hinder legal reform point to the political system that emerged in Qin and Han times as the source of harsh penal laws designed to guard the resources of the state rather than the rights of subjects. True, by the time of the Qin unification in China, as Mark Lewis has shown, a body of mythology, political theory, and historical anecdote legitimated the state’s right to monopolize and manage coercion. But the “grand theory” based on the Confucian ideal of the “rule of man” that has dominated narratives about the nature of political authority in China obscures the attention that Warring States and Han writers paid to law as a measure to legitimate institutionalized violence.
Gift Circulation and Charity in the Han and Roman Empires
Authors: Lewis Mark Edward
Published: November 2023

The giving of gifts and charitable relief was a fundamental aspect of both political and social authority in Han China as well as the Roman Empire. However, while the Roman case has been the object of considerable study, the Han case, despite an abundance of references to the topic, has been largely ignored. In this chapter I will sketch the range of references to gifts and charity by the emperor, the imperial elite, and local elites of Han China and suggest a few of the major differences from the Roman case.
Introduction
Authors: Suter Ann
Published: November 2023

The subject of lamentation has enjoyed considerable scholarly attention in the past two or three decades. Feminists in particular have found the subject a rewarding study, in that ritual lament was a prominent activity for women in ancient societies. It seems to have been the one medium in which they might have expressed themselves and their concerns publicly and thereby have influenced a community’s affairs. These studies have had several focuses: using literary and iconographic evidence, scholars have reconstructed the likely order of funeral rituals of different societies and the part lamentation played in them. They have analyzed the appearances of represented lament and attitudes toward it in different literary genres (epic, tragedy, lyric, elegy) and endeavored to understand the social meaning of its forms and performance in these genres and if or how that meaning might have reflected ritual lament in real life.
Sumerian gala Priests and eastern Mediterranean returning gods Tragic Lamentation in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Authors: Bachvarova Mary R
Published: November 2023

In the tragic dramas of fifth-century b.c.e. Athens, men dressed up as women and sang laments put into the mouths of legendary heroines and female choruses. Why did Athenian men engage in such behavior? Although ethnographic studies of modern folk lament have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of ancient Greek lament, it is also important to set the practices of first-millennium b.c.e. Greece in the larger context of the ancient Mediterranean world and the preceding second millennium.1 In this chapter I use material from the second-millennium Near East to argue that because lamentation was used not only to mourn the dead and to appease them but also to focus the attention of the gods on human suffering and persuade them to relieve it, lamentation was considered useful in encouraging the fertility of the land and the prosperity of humans. For this reason, lament was used to effect the return of disappeared vegetation gods, and tragic lamentation was necessary to the state. The practice of male transvestism and men taking on other aspects of female behavior was not only a carnivalesque overturning of norms; it was essential to the efficacy of tragic performances.
Reading The Laments Of Iliad 24
Authors: Perkell Christine
Published: November 2023

Many recent studies of lament by classicists as well as by anthropologists have established that women’s lament has the potential to be subversive of the dominant (male) value system, whether in Homeric epic or in funeral rituals as still practiced in remoter areas of contemporary Greece. This observation has particular and provocative interest for readers of both Homeric and later heroic epic poetry, because women’s laments mourn heroes’ deaths instead of, in some sense, celebrating them. Therefore, laments in epic can seem to be inconsistent with or even subversive of the genre’s defining purpose of memorializing heroic deeds. As Katharine Derderian has recently put it, in both ‘‘formulaic and thematic senses,’’ lament functions as an ‘‘anti-epic within the epic poems.
Lament and hymenaios in Erinna’s Distaff
Authors: Levaniouk Olga
Published: November 2023

The Distaff of Erinna is a hexameter poem composed around the middle of the fourth century b.c.e. and so admired by its ancient audiences that it was compared to the poetry of Homer and Sappho. Out of its original three hundred lines only some fifty survive on a badly preserved papyrus and in short quotations, and this incompleteness renders any study of the Distaff highly speculative. If the poem is nevertheless not a complete enigma, this is in part because surprisingly much in its diction can be paralleled elsewhere. In what follows I view the genre of the Distaff through the prism of such parallels, some of them much discussed, others attracting little attention, and many with implications that remain to be fully appreciated.
Nenia: Gender, Genre, and lament in Ancient Rome
Authors: Dutsch Dorota
Published: November 2023

Two discourses were involved in the Roman funeral. One, the official laudatio funebris, a speech commemorating members of the upper class, was the domain of male relatives of the deceased. The other, a chant called nenia, was entrusted to female professionals and could thus offer us a rare example of Roman women’s poetic skills. But while the laudatio is relatively well documented, the nenia remains an enigma. We have no script of a genuine lament sung at a Roman funeral, and what evidence we do have is baffling. The word nenia itself, in addition to meaning ‘‘funeral chant,’’ could denote a nursery rhyme, a load of rubbish, or a magical incantation, and it even—according to one late source—had some obscure connection with the extremity of the intestine. Finally, a goddess with this name, apparently worshipped in a small shrine outside the Porta Viminalis (Fest. 163M), was believed to look after those living out their final days.
Single by Chance, Mothers by Choice
Authors: Hertz Rosanna
Published: November 2023

A remarkable number of women today are taking the daunting step of having children outside of marriage. In Single By Chance, Mothers By Choice , Rosanna Hertz offers the first full-scale account of this fast-growing phenomenon, revealing why these middle class women took this unorthodox path and how they have managed to make single parenthood work for them. Hertz interviewed 65 women—ranging from physicians and financial analysts to social workers, teachers, and secretaries—women who speak candidly about how they manage their lives and families as single mothers. What Hertz discovers are not ideologues but reluctant revolutionaries, women who—whether straight or gay—struggle to conform to the conventional definitions of mother, child, and family. Having tossed out the rulebook in order to become mothers, they nonetheless adhere to time-honored rules about child-rearing. As they tell their stories, they shed light on their paths to motherhood, describing how they summoned up the courage to pursue their dream, how they broke the news to parents, siblings, friends, and co-workers, how they went about buying sperm from fertility banks or adopting children of different races. They recount how their personal and social histories intersected to enable them to pursue their dream of motherhood, and how they navigate daily life. What does it mean to be ‘single’ in terms of romance and parenting? How do women juggle earning a paycheck with parenting? What creative ways have women devised to shore up these families? How do they incorporate men into their child-centered families? This book provides concrete, informative answers to all these questions. A unique window on the future of the family, this book offers a gold mine of insight and reassurance for any woman contemplating this rewarding if unconventional step.
Introduction:”Where Do We Fit?”
Authors: Hertz Rosanna
Published: November 2023

David Letterman used humor to shirk fatherhood’s responsibilities before his child was even born. Becoming a father for the first time at age fifty-six excuses him from his obligations as a dad to a teenager. Who could argue with death as an explanation for being emotionally unavailable? But behind Letterman’s humor lies a deeper reality. His comments bespeak a larger ideal concept of being a dad, an ideal that he may fear he cannot measure up to because of his age.
Introduction: Recycling and Reconstituting Families
Authors: Hertz Rosanna
Published: November 2023

Having liberated themselves from the paralysis of childlessness, the women in this study are faced with integrating their new lives and selves with children into the world. This world is not as hostile to alternative families as it once was, yet it remains unyielding to the twenty-first-century needs of all families.1 The new world for women described by Emma Goldman at the beginning of the twentieth century holds the same promise and contradiction as that facing single mothers today. Goldman expresses frustration with the reality of freedom, asking, “What has she achieved through her emancipation?” This question remains a century later.
Early Life and Academic Preparation (1911-1950)
Authors: D'Elia John A
Published: November 2023

George Eldon Ladd was born 3I July 1911 in Chauvin, Alberta, Canada, the eldest son in a troubled working-class family.1 Ladd’s father was an ill-tempered man who had left home at the age of fourteen to escape the abuse of his own violent father. Elmer Eugene Ladd (1869- 1929) was born in Nashua, New Hampshire, and lived in northern New England for much of his early life.2 A gifted singer in his younger years, Elmer Ladd studied briefly at the Boston Conservatory in the 1890s while working as an assistant to a local doctor. He decided to pursue a career in medicine and, though he never finished high school, was admitted to the medical school at Yale College. In 1896 he completed his training in the undergraduate medical program at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire.
The Costs of Engagement (1963-1966)
Authors: D'Elia John A
Published: November 2023

In the midst of George Ladd’s successful and encouraging interaction with theologians and issues beyond traditional evangelical borders, he learned in 1963 that his magnum opus had been accepted by a major secular publisher. Finally, more than twenty years after he had begun his quest to make an important contribution on be half of evangelical scholarship, Ladd’s time had come. He was not above a little teasing. He wrote to Harold John Ockenga, then in his last few months as president of the seminary: “Now at last I have completed the major work which I had in mind twelve years ago, and have received word from Harper and Row that they will be happy to publish it.
Conclusion
Authors: D'Elia John A
Published: November 2023

How do we assess George Ladd’s life and achievements? George Marsden has said that the various aspects of Ladd’s personality “were not always well integrated.” Certainly this is a valuable insight, but it is also incomplete. Virtually every wound from Ladd’s early life bore some bitter fruit in the end, a terrible sort of continuity. At the last, Ladd’s theological position became a defense against the overwhelming evidence of the unfairness of human experience. So much had gone astray in his life: His family, his faith, his ministry, and his career—all had missed the mark he had envisioned when he went off to Gordon College in 1929.
Across the Black Atlantic: The First Muslims in North America
Authors: Curtis Edward E
Published: November 2023

In 1730 or 1731, Ayuba Suleiman Diallo was enslaved near the Gambia River in Bundu, in the eastern part of what is now the West African nation of Senegal. A slave ship carried this father and husband across the Atlantic Ocean to Annapolis, Maryland, where he was sold to a tobacco farmer. In America, Ayuba, who was named after the biblical figure and qur’anic prophet Job, became known by a translation of his name, Job Ben Solomon, or Job, the son of Solomon. He toiled in the tobacco fields, but soon fell ill and complained that he was not suited for such work. His owner allowed him to tend the cattle instead. These lighter duties allowed Job, who was a practicing Muslim, to maintain his daily prayer schedule, and he would often walk into the woods to pray.
Religious Awakenings of the Late Twentieth Century
Authors: Curtis Edward E
Published: November 2023

On October 3, 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed a new immigration law called the Hart-Celler

Act. Speaking from Liberty Island in New York, President Johnson stressed that the new legislation was not “revolutionary.” He claimed that it would “not restructure our daily lives.” On this particular point, Johnson would turn out to be at least partially incorrect. Part of a wave of civil rights legislation that emerged from the U.S. Congress in 1964 and 1965, this new law enacted radical changes in immigration policy that affected the social fabric of the United States. The Hart-Celler Act expunged the racist immigration quotas that had been established under the National Origins Act of 1924 and the McCarran-Walter Act of 1952. Under the old system, limits on immigration had favored white people: the annual quotas allowed 149,667 Europeans, 2,990 Asians, and only 1,400 Africans to come to the United States. The new law changed that, banning discriminatory quotas based on national origins.
Integrating Economics and Biology for Invasive Species Management
Authors: Finnoff David C , Settle Chad , Shogren Jason F , Tschirhart John
Published: November 2023

An established species is considered invasive when it triggers costs that outweigh any attendant benefits. In the past, many researchers have used an approach that assumes the economic system and the ecosystem affect each other in a one-sided way, which causes them to separate risk assessment from risk management. A change in the economic system is viewed as changing the pressure on the ecosystem, or a change in the ecosystem is viewed as only changing the economic system. But this approach does not address the idea of the two-way interactions and feedbacks between human and natural systems (e.g., Clark 1976; Crocker and Tschirhart 1992; Heal 1998; Barbier 2001; Brown and Layton 2001; Wätzold et al. 2006). Ecosystem changes alter human behavior and productivity in the economic system. People recognize the change in their productivity, and they adapt to this change, either by adapting the environment or by adapting to the environment.
Estimating Dispersal and Predicting Spread of Nonindigenous Species
Authors: Muirhead Jim R , Bobeldyk Angela M , Bossenbroek Jonathan M , Egan Kevin J , Jerde Christopher L
Published: November 2023

Invasions of aquatic ecosystems by nonindigenous species (NIS) are occurring at increasing rates in terms of both the number of novel species entering a system (Ricciardi 2006) and the cumulative number of systems or geographic areas that have been invaded (e.g., Veit and Lewis 1996; MacIsaac et al. 2004; Gilbert et al. 2005). NIS are also becoming increasingly important agents in altering ecosystem processes and contributing to the global homogenization of biodiversity (Crooks 2002; Rahel 2002; Olden et al. 2004). The best way to reduce the impacts of many species is to prevent their movement into uninvaded areas. Thus, the ability to accurately forecast spread enables prediction of high-risk areas and may lead to management strategies that contain or reduce spread.
Economic Valuation and Invasive Species
Authors: McIntosh Christopher R , Finnoff David C , Settle Chad , Shogren Jason F
Published: November 2023

Invasive species impose costs on society by disrupting scarce ecosystem services, changing unique natural landscapes, and requiring people to reallocate scarce wealth to remove or eradicate unwanted species. Scarcity is the key word here. Economic value emerges from the idea that economics is a discipline of scarcity. The fact that resources are scarce means that using up resources in one way (e.g., ignore or control invasive species) incurs an opportunity cost—the cost of forgoing the next best alternative use. Economists use opportunity costs to capture how people value any scarce good or service, including protection from or eradication of invasive species (see, e.g., Nunes and van den Bergh 2004; Born et al. 2005).
Advances in Ecological and Economic Analysis of Invasive Species: Dreissenid Mussels as a Case Study
Authors: Bossenbroek Jonathan M , Finnoff David C , Shogren Jason F , Warziniack Travis W
Published: November 2023

January 2007 began a new chapter in the invasion of dreissenid mussels in North America. For the first time, dreissenid mussels were not restricted to the eastern United States and Canada. On January 6, 2007, quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis (= D. rostriformis bugensis [Andrusov (1897)])) were discovered in a marina in Lake Mead, a large reservoir near Las Vegas, Nevada, on the Colorado River (National Park Service 2007). Preventingthis invasion from happeninghas been the goal of the 100th Meridian Initiative, a cooperative organization including state, federal, and provincial agencies, which was established in 1998.
Schleiermacher’s Supralapsarian Christology
Authors: Van Driel Edwin Chr.
Published: November 2023

Schleiermacher is the first major supralapsarian theologian since the Middle Ages, and his defense of it is one of the most original created. Most supralapsarian theologies turn on a distinction between the incarnation as the primal and essential goal of God’s relationship with humankind, and sin and redemption as its accidental companion. Schleiermacher’s approach is very different. As a “Hernhuter of a higher order,” he did not give up on the central place his Pietist forefathers had given to the notion of redemption. For Schleiermacher, this is still the central concept to describe Christ’s relation to us. But redemption is placed in an ontological framework inferred from the notion of absolute dependence.
Barth’s Supralapsarian Ontology
Authors: Van Driel Edwin Chr.
Published: November 2023

For a long time, a chapter title like the one above would have been interpreted as an oxymoron, if not a theological offense. “The Holy Spirit is the declared enemy of all metaphysics,” wrote Barth, and judgments like these have earned Barth the reputation of resisting all philosophical analysis in the context of theological discourse. In Barth we do not find an ontology, says Manfred Josuttis. And if we do, it goes against the spirit of the master, adds Barth’s old friend Otto Weber. Barth prefers the category of praxis over one of ontology, declares Friedrich-Wilhelm Marquardt. In recent years, the tide has turned.
Reaching across the Gender Divide
Authors: Gerson Kathleen
Published: November 2023

The children of the gender revolution are preparing for an irreversibly transformed world, in which unpredictable personal and social challenges make gender flexibility and work-family balance not just appealing but essential. Yet the realities of resistant social and economic institutions make these ideals seem distant and elusive. With no way back to a dimly perceived past and no clear path toward their desired goals, young adults must formulate “second best” strategies to cope with an uncertain future. These fallback strategies take women and men in different and potentially clashing directions in their quest for security and personal happiness.

Yet ideals do not perish simply because they are difficult to achieve. Few of my interviewees wish to return to a time when work and family “roles” were clear, distinct, and taken for granted. When asked to compare their options with those of their parents and grandparents, women and men overwhelmingly agree that, despite the obstacles, women are better off today. In response to the question “On balance, do you think women have it better today than they did in the past, worse today, or is there no difference,” 83 percent of women and 76 percent of men say today’s women have it better.
Flammable
Authors: Auyero Javier , Swistun Débora Alejandra
Published: November 2023

Surrounded by one of the largest petrochemical compounds in Argentina, a highly polluted river that brings the toxic waste of tanneries and other industries, a hazardous and largely unsupervised waste incinerator, and an unmonitored landfill, Flammable’s soil, air, and water are contaminated with lead, chromium, benzene, and other chemicals. So are its nearly five thousand sickened and frail inhabitants. How do poor people make sense of and cope with toxic pollution? Why do they fail to understand what is objectively a clear and present danger? How are perceptions and misperceptions shared within a community? Based on archival research and two and a half years of collaborative ethnographic fieldwork in Flammable, this book examines the lived experiences of environmental suffering. Despite clear evidence to the contrary, residents allow themselves to doubt or even deny the hard facts of industrial pollution. This happens, the authors argue, through a “labor of confusion” enabled by state officials who frequently raise the issue of relocation and just as frequently suspend it; by the companies who fund local health care but assert that the area is unfit for human residence; by doctors who say the illnesses are no different from anywhere else but tell mothers they must leave the neighborhood if their families are to be cured; by journalists who randomly appear and focus on the most extreme aspects of life there; and by lawyers who encourage residents to hold out for a settlement. These contradictory actions, advice, and information work together to shape the confused experience of living in danger and ultimately translates into a long, ineffective, and uncertain waiting time, a time dictated by powerful interests and shared by all marginalized groups. With luminous and vivid descriptions of everyday life in the neighborhood, Auyero and Swistun depict this on-going slow motion human and environmental disaster and dissect the manifold ways in which it is experienced by Flammable residents.
Energy and Friendly Fire
Authors: Ehrenfeld David
Published: November 2023

There is a critical issue in the energy debate that has not received the attention it deserves: the problem of “friendly fire.” Friendly fire is the euphemism our military and press use to sugarcoat the presumably accidental killing of soldiers in battle by their own comrades. What does this have to do with the problems, especially the environmental problems, related to America’s energy crisis? It becomes clear if we look at the possible ways of dealing with the energy crisis. I group them in two categories.