bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Концептуальні проблеми трудового права України та їх вплив на розвиток законодавства про працю
Authors: Humeniuk I. O.
Published: February 2021

У вітчизняній науці трудового права дослідження предмету правового регулювання дають певне уявлення про онтологічні аспекти галузі, але не формують чіткого концепту реформи трудового законодавства й теорій, на основі яких вона має відбуватися. Критичного переосмислення феномену радянського трудового права у правовій науці так і не відбулося. Соціальне призначення норм трудового права необхідно посилювати через розвиток концепцій колективних трудових відносин та системи індивідуальних трудових відносин.
Метою статті є окреслення ідей оновлення базової доктрини трудового права та визначення, на їх підставі, напрямків розвитку трудового законодавства.
Наукова новизна визначається тим, що діалектичний зв’язок є базовим для визнання колективних трудових прав як юридичного механізму захисту індивідуальних інтересів у сфері праці. Наголошується, що реалізацію прав, які містять соціально-економічні гарантії працівників, відмінні від державних мінімальних, потрібно забезпечувати виключно через механізми соціального діалогу (партнерства). Механізм їх забезпечення в індивідуальному трудовому праві, у разі відсутності колективного договору – встановлюється за домовленістю сторін трудового договору.
Можливість збалансованого поєднання методів правового та неправового впливу на трудові відносини потребує визнання трудового договору як джерела трудового права.
Прогресуюча експансія норм цивільного законодавства на відносини, предметом яких є професійна праця, вимагає оновлення поняття й ознак трудових відносин. В рамках концепції системи трудових відносин це поняття може бути узагальненим, а його ознаки варіюватися в залежності від виду трудового договору. Вважаємо слушним під індивідуальними трудовими відносинами розуміти урегульовані нормами трудового права суспільні відносини, предметом яких є несамостійно-організована та оплачувана праця, яка виконується працівником особисто та із застосуванням, як правило, професійних навичок.
Безстроковий трудовий договір і трудові відносини, що виникли на його підставі, мають залишатися пріоритетними, але за рахунок норм податкового законодавства та законодавства про соціальне страхування.
Висновки. Монополія будь-яких правових ідей і концепцій стає небажаною, якщо не може більше застосовуватися без кардинальних змін і не забезпечує ролі права у вирішенні практичних проблем та у визначенні напрямків подальшого правового розвитку. Без оновлення парадигми галузі трудового права, яка б визнавалась переважною більшістю науковців і, відповідно, отримала б статус доктринальної, неможливо завершити процес нової кодифікації трудового законодавства.
Поетапне прийняття нового Трудового кодексу, до структури якого входитиме Книга І «Індивідуальне трудове право» та Книга ІІ «Колективне трудове право», є найоптимальнішим способом кодифікації.
Проблемні аспекти притягнення суддів до кримінальної відповідальності
Authors: Svitaylo P. Yu.
Published: February 2021

Метою статті є дослідження проблемних питань притягнення суддів до кримінальної відповідальності, зокрема щодо проведення обшуку в зазначеній категорії кримінальних проваджень, повідомлення про підозру у вчиненні кримінального правопорушення та щодо співвідношення притягнення судді до кримінальної відповідальності за винесення завідомо неправосудного рішення з гарантіями його незалежності.
На виконання визначеної мети вивчено міжнародні документи, положення національного законодавства щодо гарантій незалежності та недоторканості суддів, визначено доцільність застосування до суддів норми Кримінального кодексу України, яка встановлює кримінальну відповідальність за постановлення завідомо неправосудного рішення. На підставі судової практики окреслено процесуальні особливості проведення обшуку в кримінальних провадженнях щодо суддів та досліджено процесуальний порядок повідомлення про підозру судді у вчиненні кримінального правопорушення.
Наукова новизна статті полягає у пропозиціях прийняття нової редакції статті 375 Кримінального кодексу України та вдосконалення чинного кримінального процесуального законодавства.
Висновки. На основі визначених проблемних аспектів зроблено ряд висновків, зокрема щодо необхідності зазначення в клопотанні та ухвалі про проведення обшуку точної адреси приміщення, відсутність якої є наслідком визнання зазначеної слідчої дії незаконною, а отриманих в її результаті доказів недопустимими; необхідність включення Генерального прокурора або його заступника до складу групи прокурорів у кримінальному провадженні у випадку їх ознайомлення з матеріалами кримінального провадження та прийняття процесуальних рішень.
Дотримання процесуального порядку притягнення суддів до кримінальної відповідальності сприяє додержанню гарантій їх недоторканості та незалежності, відіграє важливу роль у вирішенні кримінального провадження по суті та є передумовою дотримання загальних засад кримінального провадження та винесення законного, обґрунтованого та вмотивованого судового рішення. Розв’язання окреслених у статті проблемних питань сприятиме додержанню міжнародних норм та положень внутрішнього законодавства в зазначеній сфері.
Стратегічне планування у діяльності парламентів та їх секретаріатів: міжнародні практики та досвід зарубіжних країн
Authors: Shcherbak N. V.
Published: February 2021

Метою статті є дослідження кращих міжнародних практик та досвіду парламентів інших країн із розвитку та впровадження стратегічного планування.
Наукова новизна полягає у вивченні можливостей упровадження стратегічного планування в Апараті Верховної Ради України (з урахуванням міжнародного досвіду та кращих практик) з метою забезпечення модернізації його подальшої діяльності та виконання основних завдань парламентської реформи.
Висновки. Україна розпочала реалізацію широкомасштабної парламентської реформи та модернізацію системи державного управління. У зв’язку з цим особливого значення набувають питання упровадження стратегічного планування у діяльність органів державної влади, зокрема Верховної Ради України та її Апарату.
Вивчення кращих міжнародних практик та досвіду роботи секретаріатів парламентів інших зарубіжних країн (зокрема, Грузії, Канади, Молдови, Шотландії тощо) свідчить про необхідність розуміння методології та етапності упровадження стратегічного планування, а також його ресурсного забезпечення.
Аргументовано, що пріоритетної уваги потребує питання визначення стратегічних цілей та цінностей, які мають розділяти усі основні парламентські стейкхолдери.
Як свідчить досвід роботи Міжпарламентського Союзу (МПС), питання стратегічного планування відіграють важливу роль у міжнародному міжпарламентському співробітництві, з огляду на основні стратегічні цілі МПС (розвиток ефективного врядування, прозорість та інформаційно-роз’яснювальна робота, забезпечення гендерної рівності, належні фінансові та людські ресурси, розбудова партнерства).
На основі проведеного дослідження вироблено практичні рекомендації щодо розробки та упровадження нового стратегічного плану розвитку Апарату Верховної Ради України, насамперед з урахуванням основних завдань парламентської реформи.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of mangrove Brugueira gymnorrhiza stem extracts against pathogenic bacteria Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Yami Angga Crystal Loasana , Batubara Irmanida , Audah Kholis Abdurachim
Published: February 2021

Background : The treatment of some diseases caused by free radicals and pathogenic bacteria usually by using antioxidants and antibiotics. Due to excessive use of antibiotics and other environmental cues, some bacteria are now resistant to certain antibiotics or even to multiple antibiotics. Some Vibrio cholerae bacterial strains are multiresistant to many antibiotics.

Objective : The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brugueira gymnorrhiza stem extracts against pathogenic bacteria V. cholerae.

Method : The B. gymnorrhiza stem was extracted by gradient maceration method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activities. The column chromatography method was used to fractionate the selective extract with the best activity. The LC-MS/MS method was used to identify the compound obtained from the fraction with the best antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

Result : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem had the best antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of 62.50 mg/L. Ethyl acetate extract also showed the best value of antioxidant activity as indicated by an IC50 value of 255.03 mg/L. The results of fractions test showed that fraction 3 had the best antibacterial and the best antioxidant activities with both the MIC and MBC values of 7.90 mg/L and IC50 value of 348.91 mg/L, respectively.

Conclusion : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem has good potential as antioxidant and antibacterial. The compound which is thought as antioxidant and antibacterial from Ethyl acetate extract is 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazole.
Public interaction with judicial and law enforcement agencies: aspect of legal education
Authors: Ostrohliad Oleksandr
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The aim of the work is to consider promising directions for reforming legal education in Ukraine, providing for the development of the corresponding conceptual framework. An indication of the gaps in the current legislation on the staffing of the main areas of legal activity. Focusing on the difference between the concepts of “right to education” and “access to a profession”, as well as the need for market regulation of the provision of educational services with the help of independent institutions. The methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of appropriate conclusions and recommendations. During the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, logical-semantic, system-structural, logical-normative, comparative-historical. Results In the course of the study, it was determined that despite the fact that a draft Concept for the Development of Legal Education has been developed, its perfection from the point of view of the prospects for influencing the improvement of the quality of lawyers' training raises many objections. On the basis of a comparative study, it was determined that promising areas for improving the training of lawyers in Ukraine are: the activities of independent agencies to confirm the quality of the services provided, as well as the improvement of regulatory regulation, which implies access to the profession. Originality. In the course of the study, it was established that the improvement of the quality of training of lawyers in Ukraine should occur through natural development: a specially authorized body should establish only compliance with accreditation requirements; the institution of higher education must, taking into account the principle of autonomy, ensure an appropriate level of quality in the provision of educational services; access to certain legal professions requires significant procedural improvements. The draft Concept for the development of legal education at the moment needs substantial revision, as well as to provide an understanding of the impact of previous reform steps in the field of education, cannot be adopted in the near future. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in law-making activities to improve the norms of the current legislation providing for access to legal professions, as well as for further scientific research of the problems of legal education in Ukraine.
Legal aspects of the brand protection in Ukraine and world
Authors: Babetska Ivanna
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the scientific article is to establish the ratio of the meanings of the concepts "trademark", "brand" and "well-known" trademark and then to characterize their common and distinctive features. Indicate the gaps in current legislation and the need to refine certain rules in this aspect to determine the aspects of protection and protection of the brand. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of appropriate conclusions and recommendations. During the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, dialectical, logical-semantic, logical-normative, system-structural. Results: in the course of the conducted study, the main and optional components of the brand are determined, which make it possible to determine the features of its legal protection. It has been proved that despite a fairly wide range of domestic and international regulations, there are certain shortcomings of the brand protection mechanism. Originality. The study found that a trademark differs from a brand in that a trademark is a designation that is only the basis of the brand, as for the trademark are not essential such properties of the designation as a certain level of information among consumers and quality as a basis. gaining a reputation; the concept of "brand" is an evaluative, conditional concept, and therefore its consolidation at the regulatory level is impractical. It is sufficient to establish the factors on the basis of which the trademark can be considered "well known". A "well-known" trademark is a designation that is familiar to a wide range of consumers through its use to designate certain goods. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in law-making activities for the purpose of legal regulation of public relations in the sphere of legal protection of the brand.
The right to be forgotten as a "new right" of man in to the digitalized society
Authors: Vovk Victoria , Olijnyk Ulyana
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the study is to comprehend and highlight the key ones moments of the phenomenon of "new human rights", in particular the right to be forgotten. Method. The research methodology is a set of philosophical and general scientific methods. Determinants are the method of dialectics, comparative and hermeneutic, as well as sociocultural and axiological approaches. Results. It is shown that the twentieth and twenty-first centuries have a rich research experience in understanding the phenomenon of human rights, but it does not ground for claiming that humanity has a finite and complete human rights concept. It turns out that the list of human rights is there an open system that is supplemented by new rights that are determined by socio-cultural factors. Such factors of "new human rights" on the current stage of human progress are the rapid development of information technologies (IT), the Internet, the consequences of the fourth industrial revolution and the specifics of post-industrial society. The article pays special attention to the "right to be forgotten", which today is ambiguous for meaningful content and does not have a clear mechanism for ensuring and protecting, despite being effective in the EU. Scientific novelty. In the article, it turns out that the "right to be forgotten" in its content is close to the law protection of personal and private life, and by their ideological values – with tolerance. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further philosophical and theoretical and legal scientific research, preparation of special courses.
The idea of cathedrality in the state concepts of Ukrainians of the XX century
Authors: Lutskyi Myroslav
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the main stages in the formation of the concept of the unity of the Ukrainian lands and the practical aspects of its implementation in the state aspirations of Ukrainians of the twentieth century. Methods. The methodological basis of the study was a set of theoretical, general and specific scientific methods, as well as the principles of objectivity and historicism. The key was the dialectical approach, which allowed to identify the relationships, dynamics and features of the practical implementation of the idea of catholicity in the state concepts of Ukrainians of the twentieth century. Results. There are four key stages in the implementation of the idea of catholicity in the twentieth century: the stage of formation – the second half of the nineteenth – early twentieth century; stage of organizational and legal registration – the period of national liberation struggles of 1917-1921 and in particular the Act of Unification on January 22, 1919; stage of declarative registration of catholicity – the time of functioning of Carpathian Ukraine and the Ukrainian Independent Conciliar State created by the Act of Restoration of Ukrainian Statehood on June 30, 1941; stage of state approval – after 1991. The main emphasis in the study is on the characteristics of the implementation of the idea of catholicity during the second and third stages. It is established that the idea of catholicity in Ukrainian state and legal thought is characterized by a deep philosophical and legal content, which provides for the unity of ethnic Ukrainian lands within one state. Originality. The main stages of formation of the idea of catholicity as a legal category among Ukrainian lawyers, as well as the specifics of the practical implementation of this idea in the twentieth century. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal research, preparation of special courses.
Historical and legal aspect of the formation and development of positive law
Authors: Lutskyi Roman
Published: February 2021

Description: The article is aimed to attract the attention of not only theorists, but also historians of the study of law to the fact that the latter began its evolution from «custom». It is the latter that is based on worldview recognition and submission. It was closer to justice, and therefore met the ideas of the ideal of the law as the supreme good; it provides peace, order and mutual understanding. Methodology: The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systemicity, scientific character, interdisciplinarity. The following methods were used: historiographic analysis, historical and genetic, terminological analysis, comparative, typological. Based on a wide range of published and substantiated studies in the field of principles of the formation of law, the authors systematized and scientifically proved the formula of causal relationships, which ultimately made a decisive influence on the development of positive law. Results: According to the authors, the current legislation, as well as the formation of the state, has passed a significant historical path of its formation and development from the primitive custom to the positive law sanctioned by the state. Moreover, in the early states, custom prevailed even with persistent and constantly strengthened attempts by public authorities to influence the legal status of society and dominate it through the judicial and administrative apparatus. This, in turn, ensured a gradual combination of various forms of legal regulation originating from society and the state.
The very origins and foundations of the current legislation can be found even in the social regulation of primitive society, which was carried out with the help of customs, taboos, morality, and the like. Moreover, the basic principles of customary law as the first form of positive law were mythological and religious principles, which were also developed and supplemented in the further development of its forms. The sources of the current legislation which reflect the historical beginning of its gradual formation and development are different in certain spatial and social dimensions.
As for the current legislation, it arose in the context of the gradual and prolonged formation of a socially heterogeneous society, as well as the development of social and economic relations. At the same time, the theoretical and historical conditions for the emergence of officially established modern legislation are formed through the list of social interests of strata close to the state apparatus. These circumstances made it possible to make managerial decisions that would better protect their property rights and opportunities, and helped them in the institute of positive law, which was generally binding for the whole society.
Legal regulation of the status of the Ukrainian national minority in the Republic of Poland
Authors: Onyshchuk Ihor
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to develop issues of legal regulation of the status of the Ukrainian national minority in the Republic of Poland and to show the impact of foreign policy orientations of the Republic of Poland on the implementation of international law on national minorities. Methodology. Among the philosophical, general scientific and special scientific methods, the following were used: dialectical methods – comparative method – to clarify the general and specific patterns of functioning and development of legal regulation of the status of the Ukrainian national minority in the Republic of Poland. The axiological method was used to find the value of the legal regulation of the status of the Ukrainian national minority in the Republic of Poland and to reveal its theoretical and applied significance; activity method – for the formation of recommendations to improve the mechanism of protection of the rights of Ukrainian workers and meet the cultural, educational and spiritual and religious needs of the Ukrainian national minority in the Republic of Poland. Originality. The scientific novelty lies in the theoretical understanding and delineation of ways to improve the well-being of the Ukrainian community in Poland and gain better prospects, which is extremely important given the territorial dispersion of Ukrainians, and will be an essential element in filling the strategic partnership between Ukraine and Poland. Results. The study found that in view of the revival of Ukraine's interaction with the Ukrainian community in Poland and in order to preserve the ethno-national identity of Polish Ukrainians, it seems appropriate for public authorities in Ukraine to address issues such as the use of practical influence of the Council of Europe. The rights of national minorities and the rule of law in the Member States, etc. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in law-making activities in order to legally regulate the protection of the rights of the Ukrainian national minority in the Republic of Poland.
Principles of organization of the judicial system in the conditions of national liberation competitions 1917-1921
Authors: Byrkovych Oleksandr
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The aim of the study is to determine the general principles and approaches to the organization of the judiciary and the judiciary during the Ukrainian National Democratic Revolution of 1917-1921, to establish common and different approaches and principles in the organization of the judiciary. Methods. The methodological basis of the study was a combination of principles and methods of scientific knowledge: objectivity, historicism. For the objectivity of the research, a set of general scientific, special-legal, special-historical and philosophical methods of scientific cognition is used. Findings. Following the dynamics and specifics of the formation of the judiciary in the national liberation struggle of 1917-1921, it was established that for the UPR, the Ukrainian State and the Western Ukraine, there are a number of common and different principles. What they have in common is the lack of proper experience in the field of organization of the judicial system in particular, and state power in general; focusing on military justice; declarative nature of the independence of the judiciary. It was remarkable that only in the Western Ukrainian People's Republic there was more experience in legislative activity, which, together with the reception of Austrian law, led to a clear legislative consolidation of the functions and powers of civil and military courts. Only in the period of the Central Rada and the Western Ukrainian People's Republic was an attempt made to constitutionalize the judicial system and determine the status of the judiciary. Originality. Based on the analysis of historical and legal aspects of the formation of the judicial system during the liberation struggle of 1917-1921, common and different approaches and principles in the organization of the judicial branch of power were revealed. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal research, preparation of special courses.
The influence of religion on the formation and development of modern legal families
Authors: Rosovska Irina
Published: February 2021

Goal. The aim of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the main problems and features of the influence of religion on the formation of modern legal families, including in the context of modern globalization processes. Method. The methodology of the study involves the integrated use of a number of general and special methods of cognition, in particular: terminological analysis, synthesis, structural-functional and comparative law. Results. In the course of the research it was proved that in the modern conditions of society development the religious legal family plays an important role due to the large number of citizens of the states that make it up. The factor that reinforces this role is the migration processes caused by globalization and integration phenomena. Today, despite its conservatism, the religious legal family under the pressure of external circumstances is forced to abandon some of its dogmas, mainly in terms of ensuring the development of the individual and the realization of his rights. The religious legal family is a separate type of legal system with its own peculiarities. It is important to distinguish between religious law and the national legal system of the state that makes up the religious legal family. Scientific novelty. The study found that in the legal families of traditional law, religion is decisive. This is manifested in the fact that, on the one hand, it serves as a regulatory mechanism for traditional, customary and other social norms. On the other hand, religion within the legal families of traditional law plays an independent role mainly in cases when it comes to regulating the activities of public law institutions. Practical significance. The results of the study can be useful in the process of developing a general theoretical and comparative religious model of formation and development of legal families of today, in particular in the context of globalization.
Forms of counteraction to the youth subcultural movement in the USSR
in the 1940s-1960: historical and legal aspect
Authors: Fedyk Lidiia
Published: February 2021

Goal. The aim of the study is to analyze the main forms and methods of counteraction of the state and society in the USSR to the youth subcultural movement in 1940-1960. The method covers a set of methods and logical sequence of their use, which was determined by issues and features of historical and legal research. Methods. The use of general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and abstraction allowed to empirically study the youth subculture in 1940 - 1960's. Historical and legal method allowed to consider the youth subculture as a phenomenon of a particular era, taking into account the influence of economic, social and ideological factors. The comparative law method in our study was useful for comparing the measures applied to the youth subculture by party, youth organizations, law enforcement agencies and educational institutions. Results. The study found that the youth subcultural movement in the USSR was heterogeneous. It was found that, despite the apolitical nature of the movement, within the Cold War and confrontation with the West, it was seen as a threat to the existing social order and contrary to official ideology. This created the preconditions for combating it, which were carried out with the involvement of the party and Komsomol apparatuses. Scientific novelty. It was established that the main forms of struggle against the youth subcultural movement were extrajudicial, which provided for moral pressure, expulsion from the Komsomol, an educational institution, deprivation of a scholarship, and public humiliation. Practical significance. It is that the main provisions and conclusions set out in the study can be used: 1) in research related to the study of the features and legal principles of the repressive policy of the Soviet government; 2) in the educational process, during the teaching of sections relating to the state and legal development of Central and Eastern Europe.
الآثار الواردة عن عمر بن الخطاب في الربا، دراسة تحليلية في المعاملات التجارية المعاصرة
Authors: Goje Kabiru , Samarh Samer Najeh Abdullah
Published: February 2021

This research focuses on the statements of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (RDA) on usury and exposes its relationship with the contemporary economy. It defines usury with its categories, selects some Prophetic traditions related to it from several books of Hadith, the book of its commentaries and books of Islamic Jurisprudence (both early and contemporary). The Prophetic traditions that being collected were arranged by themes then analyzed their status of authenticity and weakness by carrying the principle of analyzation of hadith from the scholars. This research also tried to educe from the statement jurisprudential ruling then relates it with the current developments in commercial transactions akin to usury. The researcher concludes on identifying the jurisprudential leanings of ‘Umar (RDA) in the issues of Usury, stating that majority of his choices and leanings is accepted by many companions and Islamic scholars, and that ‘Umar (RDA), during his reign, explained practically how the Islamic Law could encapsulate all the new developments and occurrences of every age with all the evolving legal decisions on all aspects of life.
انتقاد المعاصرين لأحاديث الصحيحين الخاصة بالأماكن والبلدان
Authors: Yusuf Mohd Yusri , Rasheed Mahmud Ahmad Yaaqub
Published: February 2021

Al-Sahihayn are the major hadith compilations in which contains the sources of the law second only to the al-Quran al-Karim. In light of the high prominence rendered to them, it is not surprising that it is often the target for modern-day criticism as well as of the past whether in the form of scholarly criticism or point-blank slanderous. This study was conducted to discuss the modern scholarly criticism of selected hadiths in al-Sahihayn and to answer all the criticism that had been thrown. They made the hadith as a field of criticism as if to impose on the public that the hadith is contrary to the al-Quran, one that nullifies the infallibility of the Prophet (peace be upon him), one that which is unauthentic and devoid of credence. Data for this research is obtained through literary reviews before the same be subjected to analysis based on inductive and deductive methods. The findings of this study reveal contradictory evidence which proves the validity that hadiths and simultaneously answers and denies the criticism.
أثر الخلفيات العقدية والثقافية للمترجم في ترجمة معاني القرآن الكريم إلى لغات أخرى (الترجمات الصينية لمعاني القرآن الكريم نموذجا)
Authors: Yu Long Ma
Published: February 2021

When we talk about the role of interpreting the meanings of the Holy Quran for non-Muslims, we should not confine our discussion on the translation per se, but we should cover all aspects that related to it, includes the conditions of the translator, the fulfillment of the translation requirements, the translator educational background etc. It is in this sense; this research highlights the impact of the belief and cultural background of the translator through a critical study of several Chinese translations. The translations which have been carried out by some Chinese translators either non-Muslims or Muslim, some of them were found translated the meanings of the Qur'an out of their enthusiasm for Islam without having any proficiency in Arabic language and knowledge of Sharia and, some of them were related to the strayed Islamic group i.e. Qadianiyyah. Among the most important findings of this research is: the translations of non-Muslims to the meanings of the Qur'an are full of fraught and serious mistakes. It includes the ignorance of the Arabic language methods, the neglection of precise meanings of the Arabic words and the deviation of the Quranic text from its real intention. Furthermore, it mixed the beliefs of other religions in the translation. In the other hand, the weakness of Muslims translations, who were motivated by religious fervor, is they did not study Arabic language and the Sharia, their translation has relied on secondary references and their translations were full of with errors in both the faith and linguistic aspects. Eventually, the translations which made by the deviant Muslims are regarded as a tool for the destruction of Islam from within. The danger of it no less than the danger of orientalist translations which intend to distort Islam.
Penulisan al-Quran dengan Rasm Uthmani di antara Tawqif dan Ijtihad
Authors: Al-Hamidy Abd Qadir Umar Usman
Published: February 2021

Allah has revealed the Holy Quran to Prophet Muhammad pbuh through the angel Jibreel in stages across a period of more than 20 years. Each time a verse was revealed, the Prophet would summon the recorders of revelation to document it. The Prophet pbuh passed away after all verses had been revealed. They were written and kept at the Prophet’s house, but the orders of the verses and chapters were still disarranged. During the governance of Caliph Abu Bakar al-Siddiq RA, the al-Quran was copied into a Mushaf. The verses were corrected in order, but the chapters not. It was kept at Abu Bakar RA’s home until his passing, and then at Umar bin Khattab RA’s home. During the time of Uthman bin Affan RA, the al-Quran was copied into several identical Mushafs, which were then distributed to large Islamic cities along with muqri’s. This study attempts to investigate whether the writing of the al-Quran is done by tawqifi, that is under the direct instruction of the Prophet pbuh based on the revelation, or merely the result of ijtihad from the recorders of revelation. Scholars have differing views on this matter. To accomplish this objective, library research was done to obtain materials concerning this topic and to analyze them under the guidance of accredited naqli and aqli proofs. The results of this study are beneficial for the Muslim society in defending the authenticity of the al-Quran al-Karim writing from the attacks of opponents.
Pengintegrasian Aplikasi ICT Berkaitan Hadis dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Kursus Berkaitan Hadis di Universiti Awam Malaysia
Authors: Kawaid A. Irwan Santeri Doll , Syed Hassan Syed Najihuddin , Mohd Amin Mohd Zohdi , Yabi Shumsudin , Ismail Mohd Yusuf
Published: February 2021

The applications of information and communications technologies (ICT) have become an important instrument of education nowadays. Besides being as tools for presentation and communication, there are many more ICT tools that could help the teaching and learning process. In the field of hadith (Prophetic tradition), there are many ICT applications that have been developed. The applications were developed mainly to ease the Muslim to get close and comprehend their second primary source of religion legislation which is their Prophet's hadith. The functions of the applications were rapidly upgraded besides its ability to digitizing the resources, it can store huge amount of data, facilitate quick access to databases, analyze and classify the data simultaneously. Thus, this study tries to look over the integration of the applications in the study of hadith in Malaysian public universities whether it being exposed, integrated or consolidated. Moreover, this study also tries to ponder over the lecturers’ perception, acknowledgment, skill level as well as the barriers hindered the integration of the applications. The findings of this study are most Malaysian public universities lecturer are skillful at using applications related hadith, most of them accepted the new technology well and integrated it into their teaching and there is no barrier of integrating ICT at their institution. Instead, their institutions offered full support for the integration. However, there is some disagreement from some lecturer for the full integration of ICT in the study of hadith for their opinion that the study of hadith must persevere its traditional method of teaching.
Metode Dakwah Menerusi Wacana Fiqh Ibadat dalam Tafsir al-Azhar
Authors: Md Isa Muhammad Yusry Affandy
Published: February 2021

Through the greatest works of Tafsir al-Azhar, Hamka preached to the Nusantara’s (archipelago’s) people to stick to Islam and shariah law. This qualitative study aims to analyze the da’wah methods contained in the Tafsir al-Azhar through the fiqh ibadah discourse. The writer applied research on methods of da’wah aiming for da’wah thinking in interpreting the verses related to fiqh ibadah which is the fundamental claim to every Muslim. This study applies the deductive method in order to get the facts of fiqh ibadah in Tafsir al-Azhar and the descriptive method to describe forms of da’wah and focused on fiqh ibadah. Each fact has been analyzed based on the use of language, dalil, the composition and objective of Hamka’s interpretation in fiqh ibadah discourse. The findings indicate that the style of Hamka’s da’wah compatible with Islam and convenient approach to facilitate the understanding of archipelago’s people. The elements of Hamka’s da’wah interpretation such as advice, persuasive and wise judgment are the special features that enhance the interpretation of fiqh ibadah in Tafsir al-Azhar. His method of da’wah is a valuable legacy for local commentators in empowering da’wah through interpretations or writings.
جهود العلماء حول كتاب "السنن" للإمام أبي داود
Authors: Hoque Mesbahul , Mohamed Yuslina , Toure Abdoul Karim , Abdul Halim Amran
Published: February 2021

The Sunan of Abu Dawud, known as Sunan, is one of the six canonical hadith collections which occupies great place among the Sunni Muslim community. The Sunan is usually ranked as the next hadith collection after Sahihayn i.e Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. Author of this great book, al-Imam Abu Dawud Sulayman b. al-Ash'ath b. Ishaq b. Bashir b. Shaddad b. Amr al-Azdi al-Sijistani (202 -275 AH) tries to collect 5274 hadiths for this book. Due to the reputation and importance, many scholarly works have appeared to the extent of discussion, commentary, evaluation, editing its hadith corpora. Some scholars scrutinize the Sunan in a very brief fashion along with the retrieval of its hadith. Several detailed commentaries on this Sunan have been written, estimated to number around twenty versions between manuscript and printed edition. Hence, this study comes to shed light on the efforts of scholars for this major hadith collection. This study uses data collection method which includes content analysis and inductive method. Through these analyses, the study finds that the Sunan has several other commentaries or works that could be included as the extension of Abu Dawud scholarship in addition to the current twenty manuscript forms or publication.
مصطلح أصح شيءٍ في الباب في كتب السنن الأربعة وأثر ذلك في عمل الفقهاء
Authors: Salman Abed Rabbo Abu Sailik Abed Rabbo
Published: February 2021

This article deals with a terminology of asah al-shay’ fi hadha al-bab (the most correct thing for this section) as described by hadith scholars of four Sunan collections. The study elaborates the possible meaning of this terminology according to the contextual perspective of how it was established and the effect on regulating process of jurists’ rulings. Hence the purpose of this paper first is to determine the meanings of the terminology then takes a protracted encounter with the impact on the ruling of jurists. This qualitative research which focuses on the inductive, descriptive, critical, and analytical approach are used to the hadiths contained of asah al-shay’ terminology as adopted by the jurists. The finding shows the practice of hadith scholars in using this terminology is not to authenticate the hadiths but contrasting the level of veracity among the hadith transmissions and prioritize them although a hadith would not reach authentic level. And the jurists evidently quote the terminology in a manner agreed upon their principles. Noticeably, they applaud hadith scholars’ viewpoint antecedent to their principles with certain justification if there is any dissimilitude.
Konsep Umum Rahmat Terhadap Alam Sekitar Menurut Perspektif Pentafsiran Al-Ra’yi
Authors: Md Isa Muhammad Yusry Affandy
Published: February 2021

One of the fundamental principles of Islamic legislation is mercy pertaining to the environment as contained in al-Qur’an al-Karim. In this paper, the concept of mercy to the environment is derived from two exegetes’ discourses that are Rashid Rida (d. 1935CE) and Sayyid Qutb (d. 1966). The objective of this paper is to expose the views of these two prominent figures which focus on environmental texts. The interpretations based upon al-ra’yi (rational) approach will lead to increase the understanding of current needs as well as the emphasis of auxiliary sciences in environmental conservation issues. The study is significance in determining the concept of mercy according to exegetes from outside of al-ma’thur (interpretation based on tradition or text) framework. Critically, the pursuit of environmental preservation is accomplished through the appreciation of rational exegetes’ approaches. In analyzing data, this study employs the deductive method and descriptive methods in applying the concept of environmental mercy from Rashid Rida’s Tafsir al-Manar and Sayyid Qutb’s Fi Zilal al-Qur’an. Through the Quranic verses of environmental preservation, this study demonstrates that the notion of environmental preservation is emphasized by Rashid Reda and Sayyid Qutb with the obligation of all parties to execute. Although the period and background of exegetes are different, the similarity of their global interpretations suggest more mechanism are made for the environmental awareness. The most important conclusion is the concept of mercy contained in the Quranic verses can be interpreted and appreciated with the struggle of the environmental movement. This understanding of al-ra’yi interpretation give insight into Muslim scholars’ exposition and demonstrate that their intellectual capacity is far-reaching and develops a conclusive concept for universal humanity.
Bediuzzaman Said Nursi’s Approach On Women’s Issues In Risale-i Nur
Authors: Ishak Mohd Haeqal , Ahmad Nadzrah , Fadzil Ammar , Yaacob Asiah
Published: February 2021

Bediuzzaman Said Nursi addressed many issues on the Muslim way of life in his famous tafsīr, Risale-I Nur. The discussion and commentaries in this tafsīr, which were written during the 1910s and 1950, are still relevant to many present-day issues. This study aims to seek out his opinions on women’s issues as well as his reasoning behind the commandments of the Qur’ān and Sunnah related to them. This study will focus on the chapters and the sub-chapters in Risale-I Nur and their commentaries on women’s issues and proposed solutions. This qualitative study utilizes the deductive and inductive methods, as all of the selected commentaries will be examined and categorised accordingly to the corresponding issue. The result indicates that there are several women’s issues discussed in Risale-I Nur, as well as Bediuzzaman Said Nursi advices on how to utilize women’s potential appropriately.
أثر مستخرج أبي عوانة في دفع الانتقادات الواردة على الرواة متكلم فيهم في صحيح مسلم
Authors: Saidin Maisarah , Salman Abu Suailik Abedrabbouh Salman
Published: February 2021

Sahih Muslim is not free from criticism like other books as well. Most of the criticism are on its narrators, where the narrator is an important element in determining the acceptance or rejection of a hadith. The criticisms against the narrators in Sahih Muslim may affect its validity. However, with the presence of ‘al-Mustakhrajat’ genre especially Mustakhraj Abi ᶜAwanah, such criticisms can be addressed through its narrations. Based on this, this study seeks to identify the types of criticism correlated with contentious narrators in the Sahih Muslim. This study employs inductive, analytical and critical methodology on the narrations of Mustakhraj Abi ᶜAwanah for dealing with those criticisms. This study found that Mustakhraj Abi ᶜAwanah is one of the books that has strong effect to react against criticism and to defend the hadith narrators in particular the narrations of Sahih Muslim along with supporting their narrations through other reliable narrators.
Hadis Sebagai Sumber Rujukan dan Ambilan Hukum bagi Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Perlis: Kedudukan dan Aplikasi
Authors: Azid Muhammad Adam Abd. , Ahmad Khadher , Md Ariffin Mohd Farhan , Dahaman @ Dahlan Mohd Akram
Published: February 2021

State Fatwa Committee of Perlis is one of fatwa (formal ruling) institutions in Malaysia. The committe is responsible in issuing any fatwa relating to Islamic affairs in Perlis. State Fatwa Committee of Perlis has its own speciality in terms of reference and source in issuing any fatwa. The Quran and hadith are made as the foundational sources in issuing fatwa compared to madhhabi approach practiced by another fatwa institution in Malaysia. This is based on the provision under Section 54 (1) of Perlis Islamic Administration Enactment 2006, which stated that the Quran and Hadis as the main sources in issuing fatwa by State Fatwa Committee of Perlis. A similar fatwa entitled “Keputusan Fatwa Mengenai Ahli Sunnah Wa al-jama’ah” (Issuance Fatwa related to Ahli Sunnah Wal Jamaah)” issued by State Fatwa Committee of Perlis also recognized hadith as the main reference and source to Perlis Fatwa Department. However, there is no detail explanation in the enactment as well as the above fatwa about the meaning of hadith and its application by State Fatwa Committee of Perlis. This study has been carried out in order to observe the interpretation of the ṣaḥīḥ, mursal and ḍa’īf hadith based on the State Fatwa Committee of Perlis’s perspective and practice. This study also highlights the method used by the State Fatwa Committee of Perlis in applying the hadith in issuance of a fatwa. In collecting data, this qualitative study employs the method of literature review and interview. To summarize the study, three types of hadith namely ṣaḥīḥ (including ḥasan), mursal and ḍa’īf were applied by State Fatwa Committee of Perlis. While the application of a hadith in the fatwa issuance process, the committee try to apply literal meaning of hadith ahead of other methods of interpretation.