bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Negara Korea Selatan dalam Menangani Food Waste (Sampah Makanan)
Authors: Wulandari Nadia , Shannaz Mutiara Deniar
Published: June 2024

Sampah makanan dan kehilangan pangan menjadi isu lingkungan yang sering dibicarakan dalam ranah global, seiring meningkatnya makanan yang tidak habis terbuang baik di lingkungan rumah maupun restoran. Isu ini termasuk dalam SDGs poin ke 12 mengenai memastikan pola konsumsi dan produksi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengetahui upaya dan hambatan Korea Selatan dalam menangani permasalahan tersebut. Konsep yang digunakan yaitu manajemen sampah makanan. Metode peneltian ini yaitu kualitatif dengan suti literatur dan internet-based research. Hasil daripada penelitian ini yaitu dengan menerapkan kebijakan volume-based waste fee dan sistem pay as you throw serta adanya kontribusi daripada Korea Zero Waste Movement maka negara Korea Selatan memiliki peningkatan dalam meminimalisir produksi limbah makanan dan terdapat peningkatan dalam hal daur ulang walaupun masih ada sedikit hambatan untuk limbah makanan tersebut.
Quadratic twist of an elliptic curve in a generalized Weierstrass equation over a function field
Authors: Fida Hussain  , Muhamad Afzal Soomro  , Iqrar Ali Pali  , Safia Amir Dahri  , Abdul Rehman Soomro
Published: June 2024

This paper mainly focuses on the construction of a quadratic twist for an elliptic curve represented in a generalized Weierstrass equation over the field Fq(t). The specific form of the quadratic twist, presented in the generalized Weierstrass equation, is determined by linear algebra approach and discussed in detail.
A Study of Mathematical Models Used in Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Refuse
Authors: Ali Asim , Hareef Ahmed Keerio  , Oshaque Ali Abro  , Muhammad Noor  , Sallahuddin Panhwar  , Rasool Bux Mahar
Published: June 2024

The mathematical computation and process evaluation of anaerobic digestion (AD) treatment of organic refuse (OR) has become quite common in process designing. Furthermore, the modelling of AD process is considered as well established and mature, and largely known as a mechanistic model structure. There are various mathematical models being used to comprehend the biochemical variations, rate of decomposition, and the methane or biogas production potentials. Moreover, these mathematical analyses of the models determine the computation of equilibrium points, helping to understand their internal stability with respect to feeding parameters, and compatibility to the output static characteristics of the entire AD process. Whereas numerical simulations are also carried out for specific biodegradation on web-based software. These simulations are useful to demonstrate the dynamic responses of the mathematical models to present the most mathematical viable solutions. However, the major issues lie in the application of AD in lab-based modelling needs improvement in characterization and the adaptation of new approaches to optimize bioenergy recoveries. Hence, this review paper discusses the selection and utilization of mathematical models for different conditions in AD treatment of OR for the best mathematical representations.
Fermentation Products, Microbial Protein Synthesis, and Hydrolytic Enzymes Activity of Rumen Fluids Local Beef Cattle Supplemented by Direct-Fed Microbials and Waru Leaf Flour
Authors: Nursetiyadi Dhany , Bata Muhammad , Rahayu Sri
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Waru Leaf Flour  (WLF) and Direct-Fed Microbials (DFM) supplementation on volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ammonia (N-NH3) concentrations, total protozoa, microbial protein synthesis (MPS), and the specific activity of cellulase, amylase, protease in rumen fluids of local beef cattle. The study was conducted as an experimental investigation using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (FCRD). The first factor were three levels of DFM (P) mixed with rice straw (0%, 0.5%, and 1% dry matter of rice straw). The second factor consisted of three levels of WLF supplementation (D) in concentrates (0%, 0.24%, and 0.48% of dry matter concentrate). This resulted nine treatment groups, each it replicated three times.The diet composition consisted of rice straw and concentrate at 40:60 ratio (% dry matter). The interaction between DFM and WLF had a statistically significant impact (p<0.01) on the rumen fluid's total protozoa, N-NH3, and protein content. However, this interaction was not statistically significant (P>0.05) in relation to VFA, MPS, cellulase, amylase, and protease activity. While no significant interaction were observed for total VFA, cellulase, amylase, and protease, DFM supplementation had a statistically significant effect (P<0.01) on reducing enzymes activity, and total VFA (P<0.05). SDS-PAGE and zymography analyzes showed two protease molecules at all treatments with molecular weight of 144 kDa and 133 kDa, cellulase molecules at 62-67 kDa and 19-21 kDa respectively. The addition of DFM showed a new protease band, they had a measurement of 14 and 25 kDa.This study provides valuable insights into enzyme activities in rumen, particularly protease, cellulase, and amylase. The results suggest that the combination of 0.24% WLF and 0.5% DFM supplementation holds promise for optimizing rumen conditions and improving the performance of local beef cattle.
Short-term inhalation of xenon during anesthesia for prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colectomy: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cheng Yi , Gao Ying , Liu Gu-Yue , Xue Fu-Shan , Jin Mu
Published: June 2024

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication that is characterized by acute onset of impaired cognitive function and is associated with an increased mortality, a prolonged duration of hospital stay and additional healthcare expenditures. The incidence of POD in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colectomy ranges from 8% to 54%. Xenon has been shown a neuroprotection in various neural injury models, but the clinic researches assessing the preventive effect of xenon inhalation on the occurrence of POD obtain the controversial findings. This study aims to investigate the effects of a short xenon inhalation on the occurrence of POD in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colectomy.
Methods/Design: This is a prospective, randomized, controlled trial and 132 patients aged 65-80 years and scheduled for laparoscopic radical colectomy will be enrolled. The participants will be randomly assigned to either the control group or the xenon group (n=66 in each group). The primary outcome will be the incidence of POD in the first 5 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes will include the subtype, severity and duration of POD, postoperative pain score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI), perioperative non-delirium complications, and economic parameters. Additionally, the study will investigate the activation of microglial cells, expression of inflammatory factors in colon tissues, plasma inflammatory factors and neurochemical markers.
Discussion: Elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical colectomy are at a high risk of POD, with delayed postoperative recovery and increased healthcare costs. The primary objective of this study is to determine the preventive effect of a short xenon inhalation on the occurrence of POD in these patients.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ID: ChiCTR2300076666, registered on October 16, 2023, http://www. chictr.org.cn.
crossSampler – A Convolution Cross-Synthesis Musical Instrument
Authors: Eadie Jimmy
Published: June 2024

Convolutional Cross Synthesis (CCS) has emerged as a powerful technique for blending input signals to create hybrid sounds. It has significantly expanded the horizons of digital signal processing, enabling artists to explore novel audio effects. However, the conventional applications of CCS primarily revolve around reverberation and room simulation, rather than being utilized as a creative synthesis method. In this paper, we present the design of a digital instrument CrossSampler that harnesses a parametric approach to convolution cross synthesis which involves using adjustable parameters to control the blending of audio signals through convolution. These parameters allow for customization of the resulting sound, offering greater creative control and flexibility. It enables users to shape the output by manipulating factors such as duration, intensity, and spectral characteristics. This approach facilitates experimentation and exploration in sound design and opens new sonic possibilities.
Influence of physical exercise patterns on musculoskeletal pain among Chinese medical students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zheng Lianshuai , Chen Xu , Rong Xueyuan , Meng Yao , Jiao Lina , Yan Dongmei , Cui Jizheng
Published: June 2024

During January-April 2020, COVID-19 pandemic occurred in East China, and many medical students, implemented a home protection policy, resulting in significant changes in their physical exercise and lifestyle habits. This study aims to analyze the effects of physical exercise habits in their normal school life, changes in physical exercise and lifestyle habits during home protection on the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) from multiple perspectives, and to provide new clues for the search of risk factors for MSP and alternative solutions for the prevention. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 900 randomly selected medical students of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China who had taken home protection using questionnaires. The presence of MSP in 9 body regions in the last 7 days was collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The prevalence of MSP during home protection was 40.2% (n = 345; 95% CI 36.9%-43.4%). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis revealed that the females (OR 1.391; 95% CI 1.006–1.922), irregular physical exercise in school life (OR 1.648; 95% CI 1.157–2.347), and less than 6 hours of sleep per day during home protection (OR 1.474; 95% CI 1.020–2.131) were found to be risk factors for MSP.
Design of reconfigurable and adjustable diplexer with very high isolation for both (L, S) bands applications based on pseudocombline structure
Authors: Alabedi Yasir , Makki Seyed Vahab AL-Din , Alkhafaji Nasr
Published: June 2024

In this paper, a 5-pole reconfigurable and tunable diplexer with high isolation based on a pseudo-combline structure is designed and simulated. The proposed diplexer has two BPFs for both channels that operate at specific bands S (2 GHz) and L (3.5 GHz). A new class of feed section is proposed to increase the matching level between BPFs to make them operate at the desired frequencies. Varactor diodes are used to obtain the tunability property for the proposed diplexer, where they can tune the two bands of the diplexer to different frequencies. Also, for reconfigurability, a pin diode can be used as a switch in the feed section between to BPFs. The proposed diplexer has a compact size (46.12*40.49) mm; the insertion loss of two channels is 0.86, 0.39 dB; and the return loss is 12.24, 18.47 dB. Finally, the proposed diplexer has the highest isolation between TX and RX ports (more than 69 dB), which is higher than other related works.
Combined baicalin-zinc hyaluronate treatment of psoriasis in mice
Authors: fu xuedan , Li Jiazheng , Cui Zhao , Lu Weiwen , Liu Xin , Zhang Lan , Xiao Wan , Lv Huixia , Zhang Zhenhai , Ju Jianming
Published: June 2024

Background
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated, chronic inflammatory skin disease for which there is no cure. Baicalin is a flavonoid active ingredient extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis. The plant, or baicalin, has good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, with certain therapeutic effects on psoriasis. Zinc hyaluronate has moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-repairing effects and has potential in the treatment of psoriasis.
Methods
We utilized the pH sensitivity of baicalin solubility and combined it with zinc hyaluronate to obtain a baicalin-zinc hyaluronate hydrogel. A mouse psoriasis model was established using imiquimod. The extent of skin lesions, inflammatory responses, and expression of related proteins in psoriatic mice were also investigated to determine the therapeutic effect of baicalin-zinc hyaluronate hydrogel on psoriasis and its effect on related pathways.
Results
The combination of baicalin and zinc hyaluronate significantly reduced the psoriasis symptoms in mice. It improved imiquimod-induced inflammatory responses and modulated the IL-23/IL-17 axis to attenuate the expression of psoriasis-associated inflammatory factors.
Conclusion
The combination of baicalin and zinc hyaluronate better regulated the IL-23/IL-17 axis, thereby ameliorating imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. These findings provide a reference for the development of subsequent baicalin formulations and the clinical treatment of psoriasis.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Fibromyalgia-like Syndrome in Patients with Post-Acute Sequelae of Sars-Cov-2: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zulbaran-Rojas Alejandro , Bara Rasha , Lee Myeounggon , Bargas-Ochoa Miguel , Phan Tina , Pacheco Manuel , Camargo Areli Flores , Kazmi Syed Murtaza , Rouzi Mohammad Dehghan , Modi Dipaben , Shaib Fidaa , Najafi Bijan
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for fibromyalgia-like symptoms including chronic widespread pain, fatigue, and gait impairment in twenty-five individuals with Post-Acute Sequelae of Sars-Cov-2 (PASC). Participants were randomized to a high dose (intervention group, IG) or low dose (placebo group, PG) TENS device. Both groups received daily 3–5 hours of TENS therapy for 4-weeks. The Brief Pain Inventory assessed functional interference from pain (BPI-I), and pain severity (BPI-S). The global fatigue index (GFI) assessed functional interference from fatigue. Wearable technology measured gait parameters during three 30-feet consecutive walking tasks. At 4-weeks, the IG exhibited a greater decrease in BPI-I compared to the PG (mean difference = 2.61, p = 0.008), and improved in gait parameters including stride time (4%-8%, test condition dependent), cadence (4%-10%, depending on condition), and double-support phase (12% in dual-task) when compared to baseline. A sub-group meeting the American College of Rheumatology Fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria undergoing high-dose TENS showed GFI improvement at 4-weeks from baseline (mean change = 6.08, p = 0.005). Daily TENS therapy showed potential in reducing functional interference from pain, fatigue, and gait alterations in PASC individuals. The study's limited power could affect the confirmation of certain observations. Extending the intervention period may improve treatment effectiveness.
Trends in Maternal Body Mass Index, Macrosomia and Caesarean Section in First-Time Mothers during the pandemic: a Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study of 12 Melbourne Public Hospitals.
Authors: Goldsack Andrew , Marzan Melvin , Rolnik Daniel , Lindquist Anthea , Said Joanne , Palmer Kirsten , Sheehan Penelope , Potenza Stephanie , Pritchard Natasha , Whitehead Clare , Ford Jolyon , Mol Ben , Walker Susan , Hui Lisa
Published: June 2024

Objective: To compare specific perinatal outcomes in nulliparas with a singleton infant in cephalic presentation at term, with and without exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic during pregnancy. We hypothesised that the pandemic conditions in Melbourne may have been an independent contributor to trends in maternal Body Mass Index ≥25kg/m2, macrosomia and caesarean section.
Design: Multi-centre retrospective cohort study with interrupted time-series analysis.
Setting: Metropolitan Melbourne, Victoria.
Population: Singleton infants ≥20 weeks gestational age born between 1 January 2019 and 31 March 2022.
Main outcome measures: Rates of maternal Body Mass Index ≥25kg/m2, macrosomia (birthweight >4000g) and caesarean section.
Results: 25 897 individuals gave birth for the first time to a singleton infant in cephalic presentation at term in the pre-pandemic cohort, and 25 298 in the pandemic-exposed cohort. Compared with the pre-pandemic cohort, the rate of maternal Body Mass Index ≥25kg/m2 (45.82% vs 44.57%, p=0.005), the rate of caesarean section (33.09% vs 30.80%, p<0.001) and the rate macrosomia (8.55% vs 7.99%, p=0.1) were higher among the pandemic-exposed cohort. Interrupted time-series analysis demonstrated no significant additional effect of the pandemic on pre-existing upward trends in maternal Body Mass Index ≥25kg/m2, caesarean section and macrosomia.
Conclusions: Rates of Body Mass Index ≥25kg/m2 and caesarean section among nulliparous individuals during pregnancy were higher following the pandemic in Melbourne. However, this appears to be a continuation of pre-existing upward trends, with no significant independent contribution from the pandemic. These trends are forecast to continue, with long term implications for population health.
Evaluation of reduced graphene oxide from cotton waste as an efficient phenol adsorbent in aqueous media
Authors: de Jesus Lucas Antônio da Silva , Cabral Rivaldo Leonn Bezerra , Ferreira Myllena Kely Pereira , Souza Domingos Fabiano de Santana , Galvão Edney Rafael Viana Pinheiro , Rios Rafael Barbosa , Nascimento José Heriberto Oliveira do
Published: June 2024

The elimination of organic substances, as well as phenol, in conventional and biological process, has been considered a challenge for the petroleum industry due to the significant oxygen demand in the receiving bodies of water and its toxicity to aquatic life. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), obtained from cellulosic biomass (CB-rGO), as cotton waste, was employed as a phenol adsorbent in an aqueous solution simulating refinery effluent. The CB-rGO was characterized using HRTEM, RAMAN, XRD, FTIR, BET and Zeta analysis. The behavior of variables such as pH, contact time, temperature, CB-rGO mass and adsorbate concentration on the characteristics of the adsorption process were continuously investigated. These parameters of the adsorption process were evaluated across a range of adsorbent concentrations from 100–300 mg.L− 1, pH in the range of 2–11, contact time of 20–60 min and temperature of 20–60°C. The adsorption isotherm data were better described by the Freundlich equation compared to the Langmuir and Sips models, despite the negligible difference in R2 values. Additionally, the kinetics study of confirmed pseudo-second order as the most appropriate model. Mechanism diffusion was analyzed using the Boyd model and confirmed to be the rate-limiting step in the adsorption process. The endothermic nature of this CB-rGO adsorption process with phenol was confirmed by verifying the thermodynamic data. This successful removal of phenol from synthetic effluent highlights the promising potential of this emerging adsorbent compared to other materials identified to remove this contaminant.
Marginal Fit of Single-Crown and Three-unit Fixed Dental Prostheses Fabricated from Digital and Conventional Impressions: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Maundu Catherine Nthenya , Osiro Olivia Awino , Nyaga James Muriithi
Published: June 2024

Background
There is a need for evidence on the quality of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated using either digital or conventional impressions. This study aimed to evaluate the marginal fit of single-crown and three-unit FDPs fabricated from digital and conventional impressions.
Methods
Crown preparations were made on a maxillary typodont model. Four scanners [Dental Wings (DW), Carestream 3600 (CS), Medit i700 (M700) and Medit i500 (M500)] were used to record digital impressions of the preparations, without definitive casts. Conventional impressions using polyether monophase impression material, were also made and stone casts fabricated and scanned using a laboratory scanner. Stereolithography files and CAD-CAM were used to produce 50 zirconia FDPs − 25 each of single crowns and three-unit FDP frameworks. The marginal fit of the prostheses was determined by marginal gap measurements while seated on the typodont, a gap of ≤ 150µm being deemed acceptable. Results were summarized as means, standard deviations, medians and interquartile ranges. The independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal‒Wallis test followed by Tukey’s and Dunn’s post hoc tests were performed for hypothesis testing at α < 0.05.
Results
The respective marginal fits for single crowns and FDPs were 151.3 ± 60.1µm and 153.9 ± 50.1µm (polyether), 185.0 ± 63.7µm and 224.2 ± 81.7µm (DW), 177.1 ± 81.3µm and 146.4 ± 44.9µm (CS), 158.0 ± 48.7µm and 184.3 ± 86.2µm (M700), and 195.9 ± 61.7µm and 202.8 ± 71.1µm (M500). The margins of single crowns were significantly different among the five impression methods (F = 2.54, p = 0.042; χ2 = 14.68, p = 0.005) but not among the four digital methods (F = 1.83, p = 0.146), with the specific differences being between polyether and DW (p < 0.01) and between polyether and M500 (p < 0.001). The margins of the three-unit prostheses were significantly different among all five impression methods (F = 13.52, χ2 = 46.64, p < 0.001) and the four digital methods (F = 12.32, p < 0.001). The specific differences were between polyether and DW (p < 0.001), M700 (p = 0.02) and M500 (p < 0.001), respectively; between CS and the other three digital methods (DW, p < 0.001; M700, p = 0.024; M500, p < 0.001); and between DW and M700 (p = 0.016).
Conclusion
Considering the standard deviations, all five impression techniques produced FDPs with acceptable marginal gaps. Significant differences were observed between conventional and digital impression techniques, with Polyether and CS producing single-crown and three-unit FDPs having the least marginal gaps, respectively.
Ultra-sensitive nitrate-ion detection via transconductance enhanced graphene ion-sensitive field-effect transistors
Authors: Cui Tianhong , Xu Yingming , Zhou Peng , Simon Terrence
Published: June 2024

Current potentiometric sensing methods are limited to detecting nitrate at part-per-billion (sub-micromolar) concentrations, and there are no existing potentiometric chemical sensors with ultralow detection limits below part-per-trillion (picomolar) level. To address these challenges, we integrate interdigital graphene ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) with a nitrate ion-sensitive membrane (ISM). The work aims to maximize nitrate ion transport through the nitrate ISM, while achieving high device transconductance by studying graphene layer thickness, optimizing channel width-to-length ratio (RWL), and enlarging total sensing area. The captured nitrate ions by the nitrate ISM induce surface potential changes that are transduced into electrical signals by graphene, manifested as the Dirac point shifts. The device exhibits Nernst response behavior under ultralow concentrations, achieving a sensitivity of 28 mV/decade and establishing a record low limit of detection of 0.041 ppt (4.8×10− 13 M). Additionally, the sensor showed a wide linear detection range from 0.1 ppt (1.2×10− 12 M) to 100 ppm (1.2×10− 3 M). Furthermore, successful detection of nitrate in tap and snow water was demonstrated with high accuracy, indicating promising applications to drinking water safety and environmental water quality control.
A comprehensive morphometric and morphological analysis of fovea capitis femoris and femoral head parameters according to gender
Authors: SEN Esra , SEVER Sinem Nur , TURHAN Begumhan , CİRAK Mustafa Tolga , GOLPİNAR Murat
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the morphometric properties of the fovea capitis femoris (FCF), including its location on the femoral head, shape varieties, and correlation with gender-specific femoral head parameters.
Methods
Seventy-two (n = 72) dry femurs were used. The morphometric features of these bones were assessed based on gender. While some of the FCF and femoral head parameters were measured on dry bones using calipers, others were measured using ImageJ software (Version 1.53q) on digital images.
Results
All parameters were similar in both genders except FHD-V and FHA (p > 0.05). FHD-V and FHA values were higher in males (p < 0.05). Although the mean values of LL-FCF, TL-FCF, A-FCF, and foramina number were higher in females, there was not a significant difference between genders (p > 0.05). Foramina localization was mainly central (51.4%). Five of the femoral heads have no foramina (6.9%). Four types of FCF were identified and most of them were oval type (61.1%). It was found that only 5.6% of FCFs were in the posteroinferior squad, and the vast majority were in posterosuperior squads.
Conclusion
The findings indicated that a few femoral head parameters were connected to the morphometric traits, localization, and shape types of the FCF. It was noted that there were gender-specific differences in a few parameters. Our research is expected to benefit anthropological sciences, radiological applications, and orthopaedics.
A case report and literature review of a rare primary multiple small intestinal sarcomatoid carcinoma with co-driver gene mutations
Authors: Liu Dan , Li Xulin , Xie Hui , Tang Yi , Xie Yanhong , Li Qing Cheng , Yin Birong , Luo Wu , Ruan Xiaohua
Published: June 2024

Background
Sarcomatoid carcinoma (SCA) is a relatively rare malignant tumor, and primary SCA occurring in the small intestine is even rarer, characterized by the co-existence of malignant epithelial cells and sarcomatoid differentiation (spindle/giant cell) components. Compared with other malignant tumors in the small intestine, it has greater invasiveness and earlier metastasis.
Case presention
We provide a complete case report on the clinical, imaging, genetic characterization, and treatment process of primary multiple small intestinal SCA. The patient underwent surgery, XELOX chemotherapy, and exploratory application of a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor—anlotinib, however the condition progressed rapidly and he died within 3 months. This is the second report of systematic gene sequencing in the small intestine SCA, and co-mutations in key driving genes of KRAS, TP53, and PTPRT have been identified, with PTPRT being the first reported mutation in SCA.
Conclusion
Small intestine SCA has highly invasiveness and poor prognosis, while according to our statistical data primary multifocal small intestine SCA may have an even poor prognosis. This case was treated exploratorily with a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anlotinib, but did not effectively control tumor growth and disease progression. This case provides reference guidance for the treatment of rare diseases such as sarcomatoid carcinoma in the future.
Genetic characteristics of novel extreme alkaline-inducible promoter located in five prime upstream region of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase from Vibrio anguillarum
Authors: Kim Dong-Gyun , Oh Dong Nyoung , Lee Eun ji , Park So Young , Lee Jong Min
Published: June 2024

Vibrio has attracted attention as a promising genetic chassis in the field of synthetic biology. FK506 binding protein (FKBP)-type peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) is involved in protein folding. In this study, we report, for the first time, the promoter regions in Vibrio that drive increased FKBP expression in the extremely alkaline environment. Proteomic analysis of V. anguillarum NB10 showed that VaFKBP was significantly upregulated under extreme alkaline stress (pH 10) condition. Additionally, the putative core promoter-containing regions and a reporter gene coding a β-galactosidase were introduced into the Escherichia coli system, which showed β-galactosidase activity of 61.47 ± 2.91 and 95.83 ± 6.76 Miller unit (MU) at pH 9 and 10, respectively, after 4 h of stress. This outcome was 1.97- and 2.88-fold higher that that observed under normal conditions of 25°C and pH 7 (31.27 ± 1.15 MU). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a promoter showing increased expression under extremely alkaline conditions. We believe that this is a useful chassis in promoter engineering and can be used as a powerful tool for activating transcriptionally silent biosynthetic gene clusters in specific environments.
Event Extraction Based on Self-Data Augmentation with Large Language Models
Authors: Yang Lishan , Fan Xi , Wang Xiangyu , Wang Xin , Chen Qiuju
Published: June 2024

Event extraction plays a crucial role in natural language processing (NLP), facilitating the transformation of unstructured text into structured representations. This conversion significantly enhances the performance of various applications, such as automated question answering and information retrieval systems. However, traditional event extraction methodologies often encounter challenges stemming from limited datasets, imbalanced sample distributions, the necessity for extra resources to annotate large datasets, and the potential for data quality degradation during the augmentation process. To surmount these obstacles, this study introduces an innovative self-data augmentation strategy that leverages a single large language model (LLM) to concurrently perform data augmentation and event extraction. By dynamically assessing and refining the quality of generated samples, this approach mitigates the inclusion of noisy data, ultimately bolstering the model's performance. Demonstrable enhancements in precision, recall, and F1 scores across various model configurations underscore the efficacy of this strategy in managing small and imbalanced datasets. Furthermore, the incorporation of Logical Thoughts for Self-Data Augmentation (LoTSA) ensures the superior quality of augmented data, culminating in more accurate and reliable extraction outcomes.
Spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of Chinese tourism network attention: A case study of Kaifeng Millennium City Park
Authors: Wang Dongfeng
Published: June 2024

The "Baidu Index" data sharing platform was used to obtain the Internet search index of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in 31 provinces of mainland China from 2011 to 2021. Combined with a regional economic disparity measure index, the paper analyzed the spatial disparity characteristics and impact factors of Internet attention in the Kaifeng Millennium City Park. The results show that: (1) The network attention of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in the whole country shows a fluctuation trend, and the second half of the year fluctuates more than the first half of the year. Seasonal differences are significant, but "big events" such as popular variety shows , chrysanthemum flower party and festival activities in recent years have caused tourism flows to essentially balance the off-season attention gap.(2) The network attention of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in different regions shows the spatial distribution characteristics of "high in the center and low in the west", among which the seasonal difference is the most prominent in the western region.(3) There are significant differences in network attention of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in eastern, central and western regions. The differences between regions decrease from year to year and the degree of agglomeration tends to moderate. Attention is scattered within the region and the spatial structure is relatively balanced. (4) The spatial and temporal differences of Internet attention in Kaifeng Millennium City Park are the result of comprehensive effects of economic development level, network development degree, social and demographic characteristics and geographic space distance.
The relationship between neuroticism and social aggression: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Quan Fangying , Gou Yan , Gao Yibo , Yu Xinxin , Wei Bao
Published: June 2024

Neuroticism appears to be one factor that triggers social aggression, but the relationship between neuroticism and social aggression and its underlying mechanisms are unclear. Questionnaire data from 942 college students (Mage = 20.30, SD = 1.10) were analyzed to assess whether depression mediated the relationship between neuroticism and social aggression, and to test a moderating effect of perceived social support. Results showed that neuroticism was associated with social aggression and this association was mediated by depression. Moderation was found for the association between neuroticism and depression, such that neuroticism had a stronger predictive effect on depression under low compared to high perceived social support. Findings may inform prevention and intervention efforts to reduce social aggression.
Factors associated with physical activity in individuals with metastatic cancer: A UK cross-sectional survey.
Authors: Haider Zainab Faatimah , Smith Samuel George , Walwyn Rebecca EA , Lally Phillippa , Fisher Abigail , Beeken Rebecca J
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Physical activity is safe and feasible for individuals with metastatic cancer and may support symptom management. We investigated the extent to which individuals with metastatic cancer are meeting moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines, factors associated with meeting guidelines, and perceptions about physical activity and receiving physical activity advice.
Methods: Data were from UK adults with metastatic breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer who completed the Healthy Lifestyle After Cancer survey (N=588). Self-reported clinical, demographic and physical activity (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire) data were collected. Logistic regression models assessed whether clinical and demographic factors were associated with meeting MVPA guidelines.
Results: Most (59%) individuals with metastatic cancer were not meeting the World Health Organisation guidelines of 150 minutes of MVPA per week. Adjusting for cancer type, the odds of meeting MVPA guidelines were lower for unemployed individuals (OR=0.47, 95% CI=0.23-0.77) and ethnic minorities (OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.22-0.89), but higher for those with a university education (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.0-3.57). Most (63.5%) participants felt they should be doing more physical activity. However, 70.1% did not receive any physical activity advice or support, despite 73.6% wanting to receive it.
Conclusion: People with metastatic cancer may need further support to address inadequate levels of physical activity. The differences observed between demographic sub-groups suggest this may be more beneficial for those less likely to engage in physical activity.
Implications for Cancer Survivors: Individuals with metastatic cancer are likely to benefit from increased physical activity support, which considers the needs of diverse demographic groups.
Improvement the brittle Resistance of High-Strength Concrete through Palm Leaf Sheath Fibers and Rice Straw Fibers
Authors: defalla radwa , Osama Raghda , Shubbar Ali , Nasr Mohammed Salah
Published: June 2024

The use of natural fiber waste presents a potential solution to address both environmental problems associated with agricultural waste and the issue of sudden failure in high-strength concrete (HSC). In this research, the effects of incorporating two fiber waste in HSC was investigated. Seven HSC mixes were prepared, including three with Rice Straw Fibers (RSF), three with palm leaf sheath fiber (PLSF), and one control mix without fibers. The volume fractions of the RSF and PLSF used in this research ranged from 1–3%, with an aspect ratio of 100. Several tests were conducted to evaluate the different properties of the HSC this including slump test, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity, were evaluated all mixtures. Results indicated that the addition of natural fiber did not significantly enhanced the compressive strength, while, the tensile and flexural strength of HSC increased, particularly when incorporating 1% RSF. RSF exhibited a more significant improvement in the properties of HSC when compared to PLSF. However, both types of fibers were effective in strengthening the HSC's brittleness behaviour.
Optimizing Nitrogen Management in Maize (Zea mays L.) Using Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors
Authors: ATAV Volkan , GÜRBÜZ Mehmet Ali , KAYALI Emel , YALINKILIÇ Elif
Published: June 2024

In conventional agriculture, nitrogen is essential for plant growth and is usually supplied through fertilization. However, nitrogen can be lost through various pathways, significantly affecting soils with distinct compositions. This study focused on examining the effects of split urea application, along with the application of fertilizers containing the nitrification inhibitor 3.4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and the urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) at full (100%) and reduced (75%) levels of the standard application rate. Conducted over two years, the field trial aimed to assess the capacity of these treatments to mitigate nitrogen loss and meet the nitrogen requirements of maize effectively. The results of the study revealed that NBPT maintained the required nitrogen levels in the soil by meeting the nitrogen requirement of maize. On the other hand, DMPP caused nitrogen losses due to increasing ammonium levels in the soil during early plant growth stages. NBPT provided the best results in terms of plant yield and nitrogen content, whereas DMPP showed lower performance in these parameters. Reduced NBPT doses increased nitrogen use efficiency but were less effective in terms of yield compared to full doses. According to the result of the economic analysis, split urea treatment gave better results compared to all treatments. In conclusion, NBPT increased both yield and nitrogen use efficiency by providing nitrogen release by the nitrogen requirement of maize.
Proteomics based systematic exploration of the peptidoglycan biosynthesis of Olsenella uli DSM 7084 towards pathogenesis
Authors: Akhtar Mohammad Salman , Talat Arshi , Bhardwaj Tulika , Alsahag Mansoor , Al-Ghamdi Saleh Bakheet , Ahmad Aftab , Alghamdi Anwar A. , Alotibi Ibrahim A , Ahmad Md. Margoob
Published: June 2024

The oral microbiota plays a pivotal role in either promoting health or exacerbating disease progression. Within the diverse microbial community, Olsenella uli emerges as a concerning pathogen linked to various endodontic infections. Advancements in next-generation sequencing methods and bioinformatics have begun unraveling the intricate nature of the oral microbiome. Understanding these oral microorganisms opens doors to exploring functional and metabolic changes, offering valuable insights for drug development and targeted therapies. Consequently, our current investigation employs a comparative subtractive proteomics approach to identify potential drug targets within Olsenella uli DSM 7084. This effort unveils eight promising drug target candidates, which undergo thorough assessment for druggability and sub-cellular localization. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations involving these prioritized targets and FDA-approved drugs establish a foundational framework for future researchers, expediting the drug development process aimed at combating infections caused by this formidable pathogen. Our research intends to accomplish precision drug target discovery using an integrated method that integrates subtractive proteome analysis, systems biology, and molecular docking. This method paves the path for more precise molecular docking investigations by enabling a thorough understanding of prospective pharmacological targets.
Comprehensive Analyses of the Effects of the Small-Molecule Inhibitor of the UHM Domain in the Splicing Factor U2AF1 in Leukemia Cells
Authors: Yang Chao-Yie , Yuan Xinrui , Sabzvar Mona Kazemi , Patil Amol , Chinnaswamy Krishnapriya , Howie Kathryn , Andhavaram Ramaraju , Wang Borwyn , Siegler Maxime , Durmaz Arda , Stuckey Jeanne , Corey Seth , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Visconte Valeria
Published: June 2024

Mutations in RNA splicing factor genes including SF3B1, U2AF1, SRSF2, and ZRSR2 have been reported to contribute to development of myeloid neoplasms including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Chemical tools targeting cells carrying these mutant genes remain limited and underdeveloped. Among the four proteins, mutant U2AF1 (U2AF1mut) acquires an altered 3’ splice site selection preference and co-operates with the wild-type U2AF1 (U2AF1wt) to change various gene isoform patterns to support MDS cells survival and proliferation. U2AF1 mutations in MDS cells are always heterozygous and the cell viability is reduced when exposed to additional insult affecting U2AF1wt function. To investigate if the pharmacological inhibition of U2AF1wt function can provoke drug-induced vulnerability of cells harboring U2AF1mut, we conducted a fragment-based library screening campaign to discover compounds targeting the U2AF homology domain (UHM) in U2AF1 that is required for the formation of the U2AF1/U2AF2 complex to define the 3' splice site. The most promising hit (SF1-8) selectively inhibited growth of leukemia cell lines overexpressingU2AF1mut and human primary MDS cells carrying U2AF1mut. RNA-seq analysis of K562-U2AF1mut following treatment with SF1-8 further revealed alteration of isoform patterns for a set of proteins that impair or rescue pathways associated with endocytosis, intracellular vesicle transport, and secretion. Our data suggested that further optimization of SF1-8 is warranted to obtain chemical probes that can be used to evaluate the therapeutic concept of inducing lethality to U2AF1mut cells by inhibiting the U2AF1wt protein.
Conserved molecular recognition by an intrinsically disordered region in the absence of sequence conservation
Authors: Holehouse Alex , Alston Jhullian , Soranno Andrea
Published: June 2024

Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are critical for cellular function yet often appear to lack sequence conservation when assessed by multiple sequence alignments. This raises the question of if and how function can be encoded and preserved in these regions despite massive sequence variation. To address this question, we have applied coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to investigate non-specific RNA binding of coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins. Coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins consist of multiple interspersed disordered and folded domains that bind RNA. Here, we focus on the first two domains of coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins: the disordered N-terminal domain (NTD) and the folded RNA binding domain (RBD). While the NTD is highly variable across evolution, the RBD is structurally conserved. This combination makes the NTD-RBD a convenient model system for exploring the interplay between an IDR adjacent to a folded domain and how changes in IDR sequence can influence molecular recognition of a partner. Our results reveal a surprising degree of sequence-specificity encoded by both the composition and the precise order of the amino acids in the NTD. The presence of an NTD can – depending on the sequence – either suppress or enhance RNA binding. Despite this sensitivity, large-scale variation in NTD sequences is possible while certain sequence features are retained. Consequently, a conformationally-conserved dynamic and disordered RNA:protein complex is found across nucleocapsid protein orthologs despite large-scale changes in both NTD sequence and RBD surface chemistry. Taken together, these insights shed light on the ability of disordered regions to preserve functional characteristics despite their sequence variability.
An Inventive Hybrid Strategy to Load Balancing Methods to Achieve Quality of Service (QoS) in Cloud-based Environments
Authors: Patel Mayank , Shrimal Mahak , Sharma Ajay Kumar
Published: June 2024

In the realm of cloud computing, ensuring optimal Quality of Service (QoS) remains a paramount challenge. This paper introduces a groundbreaking Hybrid Load Balancing Framework designed to revolutionize QoS in cloud environments. By integrating traditional load balancing algorithms, machine learning models, and feedback control mechanisms, our framework offers a holistic solution to address existing challenges and gaps in load balancing strategies. Through empirical analysis and experimentation, this Paper demonstrate the framework's efficacy in enhancing key QoS parameters such as latency, throughput, and reliability. Our research bridges theory and practice, paving the way for more adaptive and intelligent load balancing approaches in contemporary cloud computing. In the realm of cloud computing, ensuring optimal Quality of Service (QoS) remains a paramount challenge. This paper introduces a groundbreaking Hybrid Load Balancing Framework designed to revolutionize QoS in cloud environments. By integrating traditional load balancing algorithms, machine learning models, and feedback control mechanisms, our framework offers a holistic solution to address existing challenges and gaps in load balancing strategies. Through empirical analysis and experimentation, this Paper demonstrate the framework's efficacy in enhancing key QoS parameters such as latency, throughput, and reliability. Our research bridges theory and practice, paving the way for more adaptive and intelligent load balancing approaches in contemporary cloud computing.
Bank identification and perceived bank brand personality: A gender comparison
Authors: van Deventer Marko
Published: June 2024

Understanding how gender impacts millennial retail banking customers’ bank identification, as well as their perceptions of bank brand personalities, is important, given that retail banks need to effectively segment their markets and develop targeted marketing campaigns to engage and retain millennial customers. The paper aimed to investigate the differences between millennial male and female banking customers in terms of their identification with their retail bank and the brand personalities they associate with their bank. The research utilized a self-executed survey, collecting data from a sample comprising 116 males and 119 females for analysis in South Africa. Using a descriptive research design, the study employed several statistical methods, including independent samples t-tests and multiple linear regression analysis, to observe the potential differences between the genders in bank identity and perceived brand personality. The analysis of the survey data revealed significant differences between male and female participants. It was found that males identified less with their retail bank compared to females. In terms of brand personality, males associated more with the community-driven personality and less with the success, sophistication, and sincerity brand personalities. On the other hand, sophistication (β = 0.356; p = 0.003) and community-driven (β = 0.432; p = 0.002) brand personality influenced the males’ bank identification. None of the brand personalities significantly affected females’ bank identification.
Methodological bases of personnel management in the context of implementation of the “green office” concept
Authors: Bilyk Olga , Omelchuk Dmytro
Published: June 2024

“Green” human resource management is a strategic approach that recognizes the relationship between environmental sustainability and human resources. This can lead to numerous benefits, including cost savings, improved employee engagement, and long-term organizational sustainability. The article examines the methodological foundations of human resource management in the context of implementing the green office concept. The purpose of the study is to identify the components of the conceptual model for implementing the policy of “green” human resource management at enterprises. The basic procedures of “green” human resource management are researched. It is identified that environmentally oriented HR initiatives can be considered as an organizational mechanism aimed at ensuring that employees behave in a “green” way. It is proved that “green” human resource management plays an important role in shaping the environmental values of employees and improving their environmental behaviour, contributing to the formation of the need to create answers to sustainable development issues in the human resource management systems of organizations. A promising direction for further research is the scientific substantiation of the list of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of the “green” policy of an enterprise in terms of personnel management.