bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of organizational support for the activities of forensic medical experts as part of mobile medical units of the Disaster Medicine Service of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kataev Alexander , Suvorov Alexander
Published: May 2024

The article provides information on the specifics of organizational support for the activities of forensic medical experts as part of mobile medical units of the Disaster Medicine Service of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
The issues of organizational, methodological and personnel support, formation and coordination of the work of mobile medical teams of the Federal Center for Disaster Medicine in the context of the organization of the activities of forensic medical experts are considered. The authors analyzed the interaction of federal executive authorities, the Federal Center for Disaster Medicine, heads of state expert institutions of the subjects of the Russian Federation, analyzed the related problematic issues and proposed ways to solve them.
Penguatan Partisipasi Nasabah Bank Sampah melalui Tata Kelola Kelembagaan
Authors: Rachmah Annisa Aulia , Purwandari Heru
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sejauh mana unsur tata kelola tercermin dalam kegiatan bank sampah dan tingkat partisipasi nasabah pada Bank Sampah Adil Sejahtera. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan muncul penjelasan bagaimana partisipasi komunitas dalam pengelolaan sampah dapat dijelaskan melalui tata kelola. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 40 orang responden, yaitu seluruh nasabah Bank Sampah Adil Sejahtera RT 002 RW 007 Kelurahan Sidokumpul, Kecamatan Gresik, Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama unsur tata kelola dalam hal kebijakan, prosedur kerja, sistem informasi, alat-alat, dan kelembagaan pada bank sampah, berada pada kategori tinggi sebesar 62,5 persen. Partisipasi nasabah bank sampah dilihat dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, menikmati hasil dan evaluasi. Diperoleh hasil bahwa partisipasi nasabah berada pada kategori tinggi yaitu sebesar 57,5 persen. Selanjutnya, nampak bahwa bahwa tata kelola bank sampah berpengaruh terhadap partisipasi nasabah sebesar hingga 65,7 persen. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tingginya partisipasi nasabah merupakan cerminan dari kualitas tata kelola kelembagaan Bank Sampah Adil Sejahtera yang bermuara pada peningkatan tabungan nasabah setiap tahunnya
A saúde financeira de uma revenda de combustíveis e derivados no varejo de acordo com as demonstrações contábeis
Authors: Bragança Clério José , Campos Gevair
Published: May 2024

A presente pesquisa objetivou examinar a saúde financeira de uma revendedora de combustíveis e derivados no varejo. Para responder ao objetivo proposto, metodologicamente se classificou como qualiquantitativa, descritiva, bibliográfica, documental, e de campo. Os principais achados demonstram que: Os indicadores de liquidez do Posto SJ estão em um nível satisfatório, demonstrando sua capacidade de honrar seus compromissos de curto e longo prazo. No que tange aos indicadores de endividamento estão em um nível satisfatório, demonstrando sua capacidade de gerenciar suas dívidas. Quanto a rotatividade está em um nível satisfatório, demonstrando sua eficiência na gestão de seus ativos e no recebimento de seus pagamentos. Já rentabilidade está em um nível excelente, demonstrando sua capacidade de gerar lucro e de utilizar seus recursos de forma eficiente.
CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO SOBRE O USO E DESCATE DE PLÁSTICO: AMENIZANDO IMPACTOS NA NATUREZA
Authors: Silva Ana Paula da , Cardoso Silvia Helena , Machado Sonia Salgueiro
Published: May 2024

O presente trabalho consiste no Produto Educacional da dissertação de Mestrado Profissional em Química em Rede Nacional (PROFQUI) intitulado CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO SOBRE O USO E DESCARTE DE PLÁSTICO: AMENIZANDO IMPACTOS NA NATUREZA, defendida na Universidade Federal de Alagoas, sob a orientação da Professora Dra. Sonia Salgueiro Machado.
Esta cartilha propo~e ao público que reconheçam e entendam como os pla´sticos sa~o produzidos e os impactos causados pelo descarte inadequado. Tambe´m propo~e uma reflexa~o sobre o padra~o de consumo dos pla´sticos da comunidade onde vivem chamando a atenção para uma conscientização sobre o uso e descarte de forma imediata, visando amenizar impactos ambientais o mais rápido possível. Tem como objetivo incentivar a compreensão sobre a importância de repensar hábitos que envolvem o consumo de plástico mostrando a importância de utilizar outras alternativas para a redução do volume de lixo plástico para minimizar impactos. O reuso e a reciclagem desse material representam formas de atenuar os problemas ambientais gerados pelo seu descarte.
Sistemas de informação e sua abrangência de aplicação
Authors: Ferreira Lucas Felipe dos Reis , Souza Filho Francisco Remo Silva
Published: May 2024

Este artigo explora a amplitude de aplicação dos sistemas de informação (SI) com foco na engenharia civil, destacando seus benefícios e desafios. Sistemas de informação são cruciais para integrar processos, melhorar a comunicação e fornecer dados críticos para decisões. A Ducol Engenharia é citada como estudo de caso, mostrando como a digitalização de seus processos trouxe vantagens como manutenção preditiva, otimização de recursos e gestão financeira eficiente. Apesar dos custos e desafios na transição para sistemas informatizados, a experiência da Ducol exemplifica os impactos positivos da transformação digital na engenharia.
JOGOS E BRINCADEIRAS E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Santos Diana Aparecida da Silva , Lodi Ivana Guimarães
Published: May 2024

O presente estudo buscou um maior entendimento, através de uma pesquisa mais aprofundada e direcionada, sobre a importância da utilização de jogos e brincadeiras na Educação Infantil. Sabemos que o brincar é uma das formas mais significativas para os processos de aprendizagem nesta fase. Quando uma criança brinca, desenvolve o pensamento e a reflexão, o que faz com que seja uma ótima ferramenta pedagógica, capaz de melhorar, significativamente, o seu processo de aprendizagem. O trabalho foi desenvolvido através de pesquisa bibliográfica e de um estudo de campo, que apresentou para uma educadora dessa faixa etária, algumas questões práticas aplicadas no dia-a-dia da sala de aula. O estudo permitiu o aprofundamento sobre o tema, e a constatação da importância do papel do professor na aplicação de metodologias que utilizem atividades lúdicas para alcançar os objetivos desejados, contribuindo na construção, não só de aprendizagens, mas também, da personalidade, criatividade e percepção do mundo pela criança, através dos estímulos e experiências proporcionados por essas práticas. Observou-se o impacto e a contribuição que a utilização de jogos e brincadeiras proporcionam para a aprendizagem na Educação Infantil, de forma efetiva e também, prazerosa, como também a necessidade de formação adequada para os professores dessa faixa etária. Palavras-chave: Jogos e brincadeiras. Desenvolvimento. Lúdico. Aprendizagem. Educação infantil.
Cardioprotective Potentials of Anacardium occidentale Nuts Methanolic Extract in Diabetes-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats
Authors: Folasade Omobolanle Ajao , Noheem Olaoluwa Kalejaiye , Marcus Olaoye Iyedupe , Sunday Abiodun , Joy Gbadero , Pelumi Ogundele , Zainab Adeagbo , Oluwatosin Ojolo , Enitan Shonde , Funmilayo Elizabeth Olaleye
Published: May 2024

Background: The unwanted adverse toxicity displayed by synthetic antidiabetic medicine leads to the search for effective natural medicine to combat diabetes complications. This study investigated the cardioprotective of Anacardium occidentale nuts methanolic in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Forty male adult Wistar were used and fed with HFD for 6 weeks before diabetes induction. The rats were grouped into 5 groups, 8 rats/group. Group I: normal control; Group II: diabetic control; Group III & IV: diabetic rats + 100 mg/kgb.wt & 200 mg/kgb.wt Anacardium occidentale nuts methanolic extract; Group V: diabetic rats + 200 mg/kgb.wt metformin. The rats were sacrificed on the experiment’s last day, blood samples were collected and the hearts were isolated for biochemical parameters estimation. Results: Food intake, water intake, plasmas insulin, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde, fibrotic marker, caspase-3 in cardiac of diabetic rats were elevated (p < 0.05) significantly. Body weight, cardiac antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic marker levels diminished (p < 0.05) significantly in diabetic rats. 100 mg/kgb.wt & 200 mg/kgb.wt of Anacardium occidentale nuts methanolic extract administration significantly suppressed the plasma insulin, FBG, HbA1c, cardiac lipid profile, cardiac enzymes biomarker, cardiac inflammatory cytokines, cardiac malondialdehyde, cardiac fibrotic marker, cardiac caspase-3, food intake & water intake and increased the body weight, cardiac antioxidant & cardiac anti-apoptotic marker in the diabetic rats. Conclusion: Anacardium occidentale nuts attenuate cardiac injury in diabetes. It could be a natural medicine to manage diabetes-cardiovascular complications.
Imediatismo Clerical
Authors: Didonet Frederico
Published: May 2024

Uma das grandes marcas de nosso século é a pressa. Quer-se de imediato o resultado do esforço empregado. Planta-se hoje para colhêr amanhã. Não se tem paciência de esperar que as causas produzam orgânicamente seus efeitos. E o resultado desse açodamento é a imperfeição dos resultados, que, como frutos precoces, levam a marca negativa da imaturidade...
Optimasi Delignifikasi Kulit Singkong (Manihot Esculenta) Dengan Pelarut Basa NaOH Menggunakan Metode Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Afifah Dini Nur , Mufarij Adam , Sudarsono Tantri Analisawati , Wiranata Ardi
Published: May 2024

Kulit singkong (Manihot esculenta) merupakan bagian tubuh tumbuhan singkong yang cenderung menjadi limbah karena mengandung sianida yang hingga 618.2 mg/Kg. Dalam rangka mengurangi potensi pencemaran limbah kulit singkong maka digali potensi yang terkandung di dalamnya. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan pada penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa kulit singkong dapat mengandung selulosa hingga 33%. Adanya kondisi tersebut menyebabkan terbukanya peluang kebermanfaatan kulit singkong sebagai sumber selulosa yang dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut menjadi material biopolymer ramah lingkungan. Tantangan pengembangan material berbasis selulosa dari limbah pertanian adalah adanya struktur lignoselulosa yang menghambat penetrasi reagen kimia. Oleh karenanya perlu dilakukan proses delignifikasi untuk memecah struktur lignoselulosa, sehingga menurunkan kadar lignin. Pada penelitian ini proses delignifikasi dilakukan dengan metode alkali dengan basa NaOH. Optimasi proses dengan melibatkan variabel terikat berupa konsentrasi NaOH (%), rasio solid/liquid(S/L), waktu (menit) dan suhu (°C) dilakukan dengan metode Response Surface Methodology (RSM) model Central Composite Design. Hasil analisis desirability mendapatkan kondisi optimum delignifikasi kulit singkong dengan pelarut basa NaOH, yaitu: konsentrasi NaOH 8.14%, rasio S/L 6.6, suhu reaksi sebesar 90°C dan lama reaksi selama 111 menit. Proses delignifikasi dengan kondisi tersebut diprediksi akan menghasilkan serbuk kulit singkong dengan kadar selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin berturut-turut sebesar 68.27%; 6.21%; 0.98%.
SCHEMATIC STRUCTURE AND METADISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF BEAUTY PAGEANT-WINNING ANSWERS
Authors: Khan Shana Makhmood , Suprayogi Suprayogi
Published: May 2024

This research delves into the schematic structure and metadiscourse markers utilized in the winning responses of prominent Beauty Pageants. Through qualitative investigation, it explores how candidates strategically organize their answers and employ language to effectively convey their perspectives. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks from schematic structure theory and metadiscourse classification, the study analyzes transcripts of final question and answer segments from Beauty Pageant events spanning from 2015 to 2023. Utilizing 36 transcribed texts sourced from YouTube archives and transcription, the study sheds light on the nuanced structure of responses, highlighting patterns in linguistic expression. Despite the extensive data from Beauty Pageants, differences in format and accessibility across events were observed. This study contributes to understanding the intricacies of communication within beauty pageants, elucidating the structural elements of successful responses. Ultimately, it advances our comprehension of pageant competitions on both large and small scales. Furthermore, this research provides valuable insights for individuals interested in participating in beauty pageants, offering guidance on the effective use of metadiscourse markers for practice and application.
PROMISCUITY IN EKA KURNIAWAN’S NOVEL LELAKI HARIMAU
Authors: Nurlaili Nurlaili , Chairani Sri , Purwarno Purwarno , Manugeren M.
Published: May 2024

Promiscuity, a recurring theme in literature, is examined through various lenses, reflecting the complexities of human relationships, societal norms, and cultural contexts. In Eka Kurniawan's novel Lelaki Harimau, promiscuity serves as a thematic lens through which Kurniawan explores the intricate interplay of desire, power, and societal expectations. This paper aims to delve into the portrayal of promiscuity in Lelaki Harimau, employing a sociology of literature approach combined with a qualitative descriptive method. Through close textual analysis and thematic exploration, the study seeks to unravel the cultural, social, and psychological dimensions of promiscuity as depicted in the novel. The research findings highlight the destructive consequences of unchecked hedonism, as exemplified by characters like Anwar Sadat and his daughter Laila. Furthermore, the study discusses how Kurniawan's narrative challenges entrenched notions of morality and sexuality, urging readers to confront uncomfortable truths about human nature and societal constructs. Ultimately, Lelaki Harimau emerges not only as a compelling work of literature but also as a powerful commentary on the enduring relevance of literature in illuminating social issues and advocating for positive change.
Diversidad y estabilidad delictiva en una ciudad fronteriza mexicana
Authors: Ley García Judith , Denegri de Dios Fabiola Maribel
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la complejidad delictiva urbana tomando como caso de estudio la ciudad fronteriza de Mexicali, capital del estado de Baja California que, de acuerdo con el Índice de Paz en México, por cuatro años consecutivos se ha colocado como el menos pacífico del país. Para tal fin, se calcularon tres indicadores provenientes del análisis económico: el cociente de localización, la ubicuidad y la diversidad delictiva, a partir de los registros de delitos ocurridos en el periodo 2015-2019. Los resultados muestran la existencia de patrones espaciales de diversidad y estabilidad de delitos en algunos distritos de la ciudad caracterizados por delitos altamente ubicuos que se traslapan entre sí, generando zonas con diversidad delictiva que permanecen estables en el tiempo. De esta manera, la inseguridad pública abarca todo el espacio urbano, como resultado de un entorno en el cual prevalecen altos niveles de impunidad y del efecto multiplicador del crimen organizado.
La representación social de la huerta y su patrimonio hidráulico como paisaje cultural: estudio exploratorio en Mula (Región de Murcia)
Authors: López Fernández José Antonio
Published: May 2024

El objeto de la investigación ha sido el de analizar la percepción de la ciudadanía sobre la huerta y su patrimonio hidráulico asociado, dentro del conjunto de bienes culturales del municipio de Mula, situado este en el interior de la Región de Murcia. El estudio se elaboró desde la metodología del análisis geográfico y la geografía cultural. Para la toma de datos, se desarrolló un cuestionario mixto y semiestructural en el que han participado 102 personas, de diferentes edades, estudios y ocupación laboral. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto una valoración inferior del patrimonio hidráulico y el paisaje de la huerta respecto a otros bienes culturales, tanto materiales (castillo o edificios religiosos) como inmateriales (fiestas y tradiciones locales). También se observa la importancia de la formación académica en la valoración del patrimonio cultural y, sobre todo, de las infraestructuras relacionadas con el uso del agua. Se advierte una mejor consideración de los agricultores que tienen contacto directo con el territorio. En cambio, los participantes jóvenes otorgan menos valor al patrimonio hidráulico.
Урожайность и качество зеленой массы кукурузы, возделываемой по различным технологиям
Authors: Тихонов А. , Лобанова А. , Сабирова Т. , Трущенко А.
Published: May 2024

Представлены данные о качестве растительного сырья кукурузы, возделываемой на силос по 3 технологиям в условиях кормового севооборота в Ярославской области, за 2021 – 2023 гг. Исследуемые технологии включали варианты: экстенсивный (контроль) --- без удобрений, органический – с применением только органических удобрений, высокоинтенсивный --- с совместным применением органических и высокой дозы минеральных удобрений. Важным аспектом использования органических удобрений в сельском хозяйстве является способность замыкать геохимический цикл макроэлементов. Расширение площади возделывания кукурузы обыкновенной на север связано с развитием селекции. Такой подход актуален для производства силоса. Современное видение кормления КРС диктует приоритет использования энергетической ценности кормов при оценке сырья. Для кукурузы, возделываемой по высокоинтенсивной технологии, сбор с 1 га варьировал от 17,8 тыс. до 23,9 тыс. энергетических кормовых единиц (ЭКЕ), по органической технологии – от 9,5 тыс. до 19,0 тыс. ЭКЕ, по экстенсивной – от 6,2 тыс. до 10,2 тыс. ЭКЕ. Урожайность культуры изменялась в пределах от 22,7 т/га на экстенсивной технологии в 2023 г. до 89,6 т/га по высокоинтенсивной технологии в 2021 г. Схожая картина наблюдалась и по остальным параметрам качества зелёной массы. Так, для сбора сухого вещества, обменной энергии, кормовых единиц и сырого протеина можно отметить тенденцию к росту среднего показателя в ряду от экстенсивной к высокоинтенсивной технологии.
Эффективность отбора биотипов люцерны изменчивой с высокой семенной продуктивностью в год посева при селекции на семенную и кормовую продуктивность
Authors: Чернявских В. , Думачева Е. , Сайфутдинова Л.
Published: May 2024

Оценено влияние длительного отбора биотипов люцерны изменчивой с высокой семенной продуктивностью в год посева на урожайность семян и сухого вещества у созданных селекционных популяций в сравнении с исходными сортами. Исследования проводили в Белгородской области в 3 закладках в 2019 - 2023 гг. на чернозёме типичном. Анализировали селекционные МЛ-популяции люцерны, которые были получены в результате 9 циклов непрерывного отбора из сортов Белгородская 86 (Б-86 МЛ), Краснояружская 1 (К-1 МЛ) и Краснояружская 2 (К-2 МЛ). Созданные МЛ-популяции превосходят исходные сорта по урожайности при получении семян со 2-го укоса: в 1-й год жизни — на 84,4 - 137,2 %, во 2-й год жизни — на 16,9 - 26,2 %, в 3-й год жизни — на 32,8 - 42,9 %. В 1-м укосе, используемом на корм, МЛ-популяции по сбору сухого вещества превышают исходные сорта на 23,1 - 26,4 % в год посева и на 15,1 - 19,6 % на 2-й год жизни. На 3-й год жизни МЛ-популяции снижают урожай сухого вещества по сравнению с исходными сортами на 10,5 - 12,1 %. В среднем за 3 года жизни достоверной разницы между урожаем сухого вещества у МЛ-популяций и исходных сортов не установлено. Получено подтверждение гипотезы о возможности повышения семенной продуктивности люцерны в ее популяциях отбором на рудеральность (R-отбор).
Party acts in the mechanism of programming of legal behavior through the prism of the Soviet experience of ideological constructing of a new (communist) personality type
Authors: Chernogor Nikolai , Zaloilo Maksim , Stepanov Mikhail
Published: May 2024

The article defines the importance of program documents of political parties in the mechanism of coding of social experience and constructing of legal behavior of a new type of personality. The analysis of party acts of the Soviet era is carried out. Based on the study of the Soviet experience of the formation of a new (communist) personality type, the conclusion is made about the regulatory impact of such acts as legal models on socially significant human behavior. Party acts are proposed to be considered as auxiliary tools for designing and programming socially significant behavior.
Radical Islamism in Iraqi Kurdistan: the reaction of the American government and the position of the US Congress (1998—2004)
Authors: Ayriyan Radmila , Lepkov Arseniy
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the formation of radical Islamic terrorism on the territory of Iraqi Kurdistan in the period 1998-2003, after the reunification of the autonomous Kurdish region and before the overthrow of the government of Saddam Hussein. The authors find out what role the factor of Islamic terrorism in the territory of Iraqi Kurdistan and its interpretation by American intelligence played in the justification of the 2003 American military invasion of Iraq. The article discusses the position of the US Congress on the activities of the executive branch aimed at obtaining support in the country for a military operation against Saddam Hussein.
An examination of the support high school students receive from school guidance services
Authors: Efilti Erkan
Published: May 2024

The aim of the study was to examine the support that high school students have received from school guidance services. The data were collected using a questionnaire which developed by the researcher. The data were collected through guidance counselors from the records of a total of 2 755 students (1 529 females and 1 226 males) who received support from the guidance services of four different high school types. When the results of the study were examined by the gender variable, it was concluded that female students received more support from the school guidance service than male students.
Socio-historical multidimensional socio-economic standardization of health factors
Authors: Yulong Gui
Published: May 2024

Today, under the influence of multidimensional socio-economic factors, the health of the Russian population, in particular children and adolescents, has deteriorated significantly and is in critical condition. The results of scientific research indicate stable trends towards the deterioration of the health of schoolchildren: chronic diseases are diagnosed in 40-45% of children, and among relatively healthy two-thirds are students with various morphofunctional disorders. According to the Russian Ministry of Health, about 90% of schoolchildren have health problems. At the same time, it should be noted that the number of school graduates are practically healthy, ranging from 10 to 15%.
What Influences Pension Funds’ Investment Decisions in Tanzania?
Authors: Lotto Josephat
Published: May 2024

This paper aimed at examining the influence of political interference, investment guidelines and investment ethical guidelines on pensions investment decision in Tanzania. The structural equation modelling was employed to analyse primary data collected using five-point Likert scale structured questionnaires with closed-ended questions. The study reveals that political interference has a negative influence on investment decisions, indicating that increased political interference leads to a decrease in the quality of investment decisions. To ensure quality investment decisions, governance mechanisms should be strengthened, promoting independence and insulating investment managers from undue political pressures. The negative influence of political interference on investment decisions highlights the need for establishment of robust governance mechanisms to safeguard against undue political pressures. Conversely, investment guidelines demonstrate a positive influence, where following guidelines directives enhance investment decisions. This underscore the importance of well-defined and comprehensive investment guidelines that provide clear directions, criteria and restrictions. By establishing a framework for decision-making, investment guidelines can enhance the quality of investment decisions within pension funds. However, the study found no significant influence of ethical guidelines on investment decisions, suggesting that ethical guidelines do not play a significant role in shaping the investment decisions of pension funds in Tanzania. This finding raises questions about the effectiveness of ethical guidelines in ensuring quality pensions funds investment decisions. While ethical guidelines may not directly shape investment decisions, it is important for the funds to recognize the broader societal and reputational implications of their investment practices. Funds should consider incorporating ethical considerations into their investment frameworks.
Voters Distrust Delayed Election Results, But a Prebunking Message Inoculates Against Distrust
Authors: Lockhart Mackenzie , Gaudette Jennifer , Hill Seth J , Kousser Thad , Romero Mindy , Uribe Laura
Published: May 2024

Counting and certifying election results in the United States can take days and even weeks following election day. These delays are often linked to distrust in elections, but does delay cause distrust? What can election officials do to counteract distrust if counting most ballots and announcing results cannot occur on election night? Using a pre-registered survey experiment of nearly 10,000 Americans, this paper shows that informing voters about longer-than-expected vote counting time induces a large, significant decrease in trust in the election. However, viewing a ‘prebunking’ video in advance of being informed of the delay in results more than makes up for the delay-induced decrease in election trust. Our findings have two important implications. First, unexpected delays in calling elections induce distrust even without misinformation from third parties. Second, providing voters with information about vote counting and the legitimate reasons for delays increases trust and mitigates the distrust induced by delays.
Net Promoter Score as a Reflection of Patients’ Opinions About Telemedical Visits, a Mixed Methods Analysis
Authors: Kohut Mike , Jalbuena Tracy , Alfiero Rachel , DiPalazzo John , Anderson Eric C , Bishop Jasmine
Published: May 2024

Introduction: In order to assess patient experiences of telemedicine, researchers and administrators use the Net Promoter Score (NPS), based on a likelihood-to-recommend (LTR) question. However, there is reason to doubt validity of this metric for this purpose. We assessed the degree to which the likelihood-to-recommend (LTR) question reflects actual patient preferences about telemedicine.Methods: Using data from a patient experience survey collected in Spring 2020, we compared LTR responses to open comments. Through content analysis, we transformed comments into categorical variables and used those variables in a multiple logistic regression model to predict LTR responses. We also thematically analyzed comments to further elucidate our results.Results: Only about half the comments mentioned telemedicine at all. Around 6% of comments were wholly incongruent with LTR responses. In many comments, ideas about telemedicine were semantically entangled with ideas about providers. Our logistic regression found strong associations between sentiments expressed in comments and LTR responses. However, comments about telemedicine were relatively poor predictors for LTR compared to comments about the provider. Discussion: NPS, which is included on many patient experience surveys used by health systems across the US, has limitations for use as a measure of the acceptability of telemedicine for patients. Patients have more than telemedicine in mind when responding to the LTR question, and ratings conflate attitudes about providers, office policies and staff with the telemedicine modality. More direct measures are necessary for meaningful research on the acceptability and usability of telemedicine for patients.
The Urgency of Indonesian Golden Visa Policy: A Comparative Study
Authors: Arumdanie Nisrina , Hanita Margaretha , Yoesgiantoro Donny
Published: May 2024

The stabilized economic development can affect the long-term development growth and the implementation of Golden Visa policy is aimed to attract foreign investor to invest that will affect the state and immigration economy. The research method used is qualitative approach to literature review by collecting data from scientific journal, books and legislative product. The result of the research indicates that the implementation of the policies has a positive impact such as elevating the economy growth; meanwhile, the negative impacts are the social conflict and the rise of money laundry. The implementation of Golden Visa policy in several countries to elevate the economy has several differences in condition and provision in terms of the minimal amount of capital to invest, the validity period of the visa and the access gained by individual obtaining Golden Visa. The implementation of Golden Visa in Indonesia as regulated by law is valid for 5-10 years with the variety of minimal investment required depends on the Golden Visa classification. The conclusion of the research is that the implementation of Golden Visa by Indonesian government has several differences with similar policies in other countries.
Investigation of low-intensity focused ultrasound for human pain management
Authors: legon wynn
Published: May 2024

The insula is an intriguing target for pain modulation. Unfortunately, it lies deep to the cortex making spatially specific noninvasive access difficult. Here, we leverage the high spatial resolution and deep penetration depth of low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) to non-surgically modulate the anterior insula (AI) or posterior insula (PI) in humans for effect on subjective pain ratings, electroencephalographic (EEG) contact heat–evoked potentials, as well as autonomic measures including heart-rate variability (HRV). We also test and offline protocol to determined the longevity of effects on the CHEP and pain intensity
Self-belief formation
Authors: Krach Sören , Müller-Pinzler Laura , Czekalla Nora , Schröder Alexander , Wilhelm-Groch Ines , Luebber Finn , Rademacher Lena , Stolz David , Paulus Frieder Michel , Mayer Annalina V.
Published: May 2024

Psychological research has addressed key questions about self-beliefs, such as when they are formed, how they are shaped, or what functions they might have. The fundamental question of how we arrive at these self-beliefs in the first place has mostly been neglected, and there is currently no mechanistic description of the underlying processes. While recent studies have provided insight into how external information is processed when updating discrete self-related information, they do not speak to the processes underlying the formation of a coherent self-belief when the input is connected. One reason, as we argue here, is that processes underlying self-belief formation are rooted in prior learning histories and are affected by motives and emotional states. As a novel approach to examining the processes underlying self-belief formation, we introduce the Learning-of-Own-Performance (LOOP) task that makes use of artificially constructed self-beliefs. Conceptualizing self-belief formation within a feedback-learning framework, and as entangled with prior learning histories and affected by motives and emotional states, we aim to bridge fields between psychology, computational neuroscience, and sociology on the question of how we became what we think we are today.
Old strategies, new environments: Reinforcement Learning on social media
Authors: Turner Georgia , Ferguson Amanda M , Katiyar Tanay , Palminteri Stefano , Orben Amy
Published: May 2024

The rise of social media has dramatically altered the social world – introducing new behaviours which can satisfy our social needs. However, it is yet unknown whether human social strategies, which are well-adapted to the offline world we developed in, operate as effectively within this new social environment. Here, we describe how the computational framework of Reinforcement Learning can help us to precisely frame this problem and diagnose where behaviour-environment mismatches emerge. The Reinforcement Learning framework describes a process by which an agent can learn to maximise their long-term reward. Reinforcement Learning, which has proven successful in characterising human social behaviour, consists of three stages: updating expected reward, valuating expected reward by integrating subjective costs such as effort, and selecting an action. Specific social media affordances, such as the quantifiability of social feedback, might interact with the Reinforcement Learning process at each of these stages. In some cases, affordances can exploit Reinforcement Learning biases which are beneficial offline, by violating the environmental conditions under which such biases are optimal – for example, when algorithmic personalisation of content interacts with confirmation bias. Characterising the impact of specific aspects of social media through this lens can improve our understanding of how digital environments shape human behaviour. Indeed, this formal framework could help address pressing open questions about social media use, including its changing role across human development, and its impact on outcomes such as mental health.
Exploring when to exploit: The cognitive underpinnings of foraging-type decisions in relation to psychopathy
Authors: Atanassova Dimana , Oosterman Joukje , Diaconescu Andreea Oliviana , Mathys Christoph , Madariaga Rivera Víctor Ignacio , Brazil Inti
Published: May 2024

Impairments in reinforcement learning (RL) might underlie the tendency of individuals with elevated psychopathic traits to behave exploitatively, as they fail to learn from their mistakes. Most studies on the topic have focused on binary choices, while everyday functioning requires us to learn the value of multiple options. In this study, we evaluated the cognitive correlates of naturalistic foraging-type decision-making and their electrophysiological signatures in a community sample (n=108) with varying degrees of psychopathic traits. The latent cognitive processes in RL from reinforcers with different salience were estimated with a computational model, and their relationship to psychopathic traits assessed. Higher Antisocial traits were associated with a bias towards expecting more volatility in the environment when high-salience reinforcers were used. Additionally, higher levels of Interpersonal traits were associated with reduced learning from personalized rewards as evidenced by reductions in the prediction errors (PEs) about rate of change. Higher Affective traits were, on the other hand, associated with lower PEs and aberrant learning from painful punishments. Lastly, the PEs about rate of change were reflected in the trialwise trajectories of Feedback-Related Negativity event-related potentials. Together, our results point to the importance of volatility processing in understanding aberrant decision-making in psychopathy, demonstrate the specific impact of different psychopathic traits on reward and punishment learning, and emphasise the potentially more beneficial effect of personalized rewards and punishment for improving reinforcement-based decision-making in individuals with elevated psychopathic traits.
Structural Generalization of Modification in Adult Learners of an Artificial Language
Authors: Kim Najoung , Smolensky Paul
Published: May 2024

Compositional generalization that requires production and comprehension of novel _structures_ through observed constituent parts has been shown to be challenging for even very powerful neural network models of language. However, one of the test cases that poses the greatest difficulty---generalization of modifiers to unobserved syntactic positions---has not been empirically attested in human learners under the same exposure conditions assumed by these tests. In this work, we test adult human learners on whether they generalize or withhold the production of modification in novel syntactic positions using artificial language learning. We find that adult native speakers of English are biased towards producing modifiers in unobserved positions (therefore producing novel structures), even when they only observe modification in a single syntactic position, and even when the knowledge of their native language actively biases them against the plausibility of the target structures.
Social Conflict and the Predatory State
Authors: Kenkel Brenton
Published: May 2024

Empirical scholarship identifies social cleavages as a predictor of slower economic growth, greater civil conflict, and other socioeconomic ills. Meanwhile, accounts of divide-and-rule politics claim that predatory rulers may benefit politically from exploiting internal schisms. Altogether, then, does internal fractionalization work to the benefit or detriment of a rent-seeking ruler? To answer this question, I model the political economy of predatory governance in a fractionalized society. For rentier states, whose revenues derive from control over natural resources or a similar exogenous source, internal divisions work to the ruler's benefit by depressing collective resistance. The opposite is true for a state financed by endogenous labor output, as the negative effect of social fractionalization on economic production outweighs the decrease in collective action against predatory rule. The analysis thus highlights a new channel by which rentier states are distinctive: they are the sole beneficiaries of divide-and-rule politics.
Sprachliche Bildung und Mehrsprachigkeit in der Schule: eine Begriffskritik
Authors: Gamper Jana , Purkarthofer Judith , Schroeder Christoph
Published: May 2024

Unser Beitrag möchte dazu aufrufen, Konzepte wie Mehrsprachigkeit, Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) und Bildungssprache zu hinterfragen und ihren Weg von der wissenschaftlichen Kategorie zu einem eher alltagssprachlichen Begriff zu problematisieren. Wir argumentieren, dass es einen differenzierten Blick auf die mehrsprachigen Realitäten von Schüler*innen und damit eine differenzierte Wahrnehmung ihrer Potenziale und Bedarfe braucht.
An unusually large uterine fibroid: A case report of nulliparous with giant uterine fibroid removed 8 years after it was noticed
Authors:   Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure, Nigeria, Omotayo Ramon Sunday ,   Gloryland-Consultants Specialist Clinic, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria., Logo Abayomi ,   Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure, Nigeria., Akinsowon Olusegun Reuben ,   Anaesthesia Department, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure, Nigeria., Omotayo Sade Elizabeth ,   Department of Nursing Services, Mother and Child Hospital, Akure, Nigeria.
Published: May 2024

The case is that of a 40 year old nulliparous who presented with progressive abdominal swelling, bilateral leg swelling, easy fullness and weight loss. She was married but husband had abandoned her because of this problem. Abdomen was massively distended without clinical signs of ascites. Ultrasound scan revealed abdominopelvic mass with features of uterine fibroid with pressure effects on the urinary tract. She had myomectomy done at which an unusually massive uterine fibroid in adhesions with anterior abdominal wall and the liver was found. She had prolonged daily peritoneal fluid effluent in excess of 300 mls for about 2 weeks which was managed. Histology of specimen revealed uterine leiomyoma. Late presentation for uterine fibroid is common in this part of the world, however this incident case that weighted 15 kg and involved in adhesion with the liver is not common. It is adviseable for patients with uterine fibroid to present early for treatment to achieve better outcome. It is also suggested for the gynecologist to counsel and peruse such cases at initial stages so to prevent adverse outcomes.
A Comparison of Machine-Graded (ChatGPT) and Human-Graded Essay Scores in Veterinary Admissions
Authors: Vanderstichel Raphael , Stryhn Henrik
Published: May 2024

Admissions committees have historically emphasized cognitive measures, but a paradigm shift toward holistic reviews now places greater importance on non-cognitive skills. These holistic reviews may include personal statements, experiences, references, interviews, multiple mini-interviews, and situational judgment tests, often requiring substantial faculty resources. Leveraging advances in artificial intelligence, particularly in natural language processing, this study was conducted to assess the agreement of essay scores graded by both humans and machines (OpenAI's ChatGPT). Correlations were calculated among these scores and cognitive and non-cognitive measures in the admissions process. Human-derived scores from 778 applicants in 2021 and 552 in 2022 had item-specific inter-rater reliabilities ranging from 0.07 to 0.41, while machine-derived inter-replicate reliabilities ranged from 0.41 to 0.61. Pairwise correlations between human- and machine-derived essay scores and other admissions criteria revealed moderate correlations between the two scoring methods (0.41) and fair correlations between the essays and the multiple mini-interview (0.20 and 0.22 for human and machine scores, respectively). Despite having very low correlations, machine-graded scores exhibited slightly stronger correlations with cognitive measures (0.10 to 0.15) compared to human-graded scores (0.01 to 0.02). Importantly, machine scores demonstrated higher precision, approximately two to three times greater than human scores in both years. This study emphasizes the importance of careful item design, rubric development, and prompt formulation when using machine-based essay grading. It also underscores the importance of employing replicates and robust statistical analyses to ensure equitable applicant ranking when integrating machine grading into the admissions process.
O ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: UM OLHAR A PARTIR DA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES AO DESENVOLVEREM O ENSINO POR INVESTIGAÇÃO COM UM CONTEÚDO DE QUÍMICA
Authors: RODRIGUES BAHIA MARIA PATRICIA , Meneses Moura Antonio Reynaldo , Casado Fireman Elton
Published: May 2024

O ensino de Ciências, caracterizado pelo entendimento de fenômenos e conceitos importantes para o cotidiano dos estudantes, impõe a necessidade de atualização e aprofundamento constantes para que o professor possa desenvolver, nos alunos, a curiosidade e despertar o seu pensamento crítico, características comuns da Alfabetização Científica. Uma das formas de trabalhar essas habilidades é por meio do desenvolvimento de atividades relacionadas com conteúdos de química, desde os primeiros anos escolares, com abordagens que possam incentivar a curiosidade, interesse, levantamento de hipóteses, ideias e pensamentos, como é o Ensino por Investigação. Neste trabalho, temos como objetivo analisar o processo de validação de uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativo designada para o 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental, por meio de licenciandos em formação de uma universidade pública, com o intuito de identificarmos, onde estes observam os elementos da Alfabetização Científica que podem surgir nesse processo. Tomamos como base os indicadores propostos por Pizarro (2014). Os resultados revelaram a presença de indicadores, ressaltando a importância do Ensino por Investigação para a promoção da Alfabetização Científica nos estudantes e a relevância dos conteúdos de química na construção dos conhecimentos. A pesquisa contribui para o Ensino de Ciências, pois fornece evidências da eficácia da abordagem investigativa no desenvolvimento da Alfabetização Científica.
Aceh Government Policy in Preventing Radicalism Through the Existence of Dayah Islamic Education
Authors: W. Sulaiman , Lubis Khairuddin , Baihaqi M. , Musriaparto Musriaparto , Marhaban Marhaban , Nur Muhammad
Published: May 2024

This research aims to describe the Aceh government's policy in preventing radicalism through the existence of Dayah Islamic education. The pluralism of the Indonesian nation, including Aceh, the westernmost province of Indonesia, is one of the factors causing radicalism to quickly enter through global progress and the massive spread of Wahhabism, which can penetrate the gaps in Islamic education. Therefore, for prevention, the Aceh government implemented three essential policies. The results of field data from several key informants consisting of Aceh border Dayah leaders and the Aceh Dayah Education Service, which is strengthened by the results of field observations, lead to the conclusion that the success of the three Aceh government policies cannot be separated from the results of the peace negotiations between GAM (Free Aceh Movement) and Indonesia in 2005, which led to the issuance of the "Aceh Government Law" (UUPA), serving as the basis for the implementation of formal Dayah education in Aceh.
RESTORASI CITRA MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) RUANG KATERISASI JANTUNG RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BLIND DECONVOLUTION
Authors: Trianiza Ice - , Sidiq Abdurahim , Lisdawati Ayu Novia
Published: May 2024

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) adalah sebuah metode pemeriksaan diagnostik yang mulai digunakan sejak tahun 1980. Gambar yang dihasilkan merupakan hasil rekonstruksi pencitraan komputer. Namun berbeda dengan CT-Scan MRI tidak menggunakan radiasi ion melainkan menggunakan medan magnet dan radiofrekuensi. studi kasus yang dijumpai banyak gangguan debluring terhadap citra yang didapatkan dari MRI. Degradasi dan gangguan tersebut tentunya akan berakibat pada pada kualitas gambar yang dihasilkan. Hal tersebut tentunya sangat merugikan dalam dunia medis dikarenakan citra yang dihasilkan akan digunakan untuk mendiagnosa ataupun mendeteksi kelainan yang ada pada tubuh. Dari hasil penulisan dapat disimpulkan proses peningkatan kualitas citra termal dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode blind deconvolution yang terdiri dari 3 tahap, yaitu mencari nilai kernel, mencari nilai konvolusi dan estimasi (MAP????,????).  Metode blind deconvolution dapat diterapkan dalam peningkatan kualitas citra termal dengan cara mengurangi efek blur yang terdapat pada gambar. Aplikasi peningkatan kualitas citra termal telah selesai dirancang dengan menggunakan matlab R2022a dan dapat dijalankan pada sistem operasi macOS atau windows.
RANCANG BANGUN BRACKET SISTEM STEERING RODA DEPAN PADA PROTOTIPE MOBIL LISTRIK HEULANG GALUNGGUNG
Authors: Pratama Irfan Aditia
Published: May 2024

Bracket sistem steering roda depan merupakan salah satu komponen kendaraan roda empat yang berfungsi sebagai penopang atau dudukan dari poros roda dan sistem kemudi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alur perancangan, proses manufaktur, serta pengujian dengan metode Finite Element Analysis. Perancangan gambar teknik (CAD), program NC (CAM), dan Finite Element Analysis (FEA) menggunakan software Solidworks dan proses manufaktur menggunakan mesin milling CNC. Hasil perancangan didapatkan jenis material yang digunakan adalah Alumunium 6061-T6. Proses pengujian menggunakan metode FEA dengan variasi beban 100 N, 125 N, dan 150 N. Beban maksimal 150 N didapatkan hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa nilai Von mises stress adalah 438325,09 N/mm2, besar nilai displacement yang terjadi sebesar 0,000293 mm, nilai minimum safety factor adalah 125,86. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukan bahwa bracket sistem steering roda depan yang didesain aman digunakan maksimal beban 150 N. Kata kunci : Bracket, CAD, CAM, FEA
Possibility of using dolomites of the deposit Big Gleyevatka (Kryvyi Rih) for the manufacture of crushed stone
Authors:   State Commission of Ukraine on Mineral Reserves, STRUTYNSKA K.S. , SIMACHENKO H.V. ,   State Commission of Ukraine on Mineral Reserves
Published: May 2024

The physical and mechanical properties of dolomites within the iron ore deposit Big Gleyevatka (Kryvyi Rih basin, Central Mining and Processing Plant) were studied to establish the possibility of their use as crushed stone and in building.