bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Chinese and American Power Distances from Chinese and English Proverbs
Authors:   School of Foreign Studies, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China, Hong-bo Cheng
Published: December 2024

As China and the United States increase exchanges in a globalized context and proverbs, being an integral part of language, deserve due attention whether on diplomatic occasions or among folks conversations, a study on Chines and western proverbs will definitely have a pragmatic implication and value. Since proverbs are closely intertwined with culture, an exploration on proverbs in different cultures will contribute to a better understanding of cultural connotations and a strengthened cultural awareness. This article is an analysis of Chinese and western power distances through proverbs, with a view to providing some references for Sino-US cultural exchanges.
ERKEN İFA
Authors: Mohammed Shari Zmnako
Published: December 2024

Borçlar hukuku, bireyler arasındaki ekonomik ilişkileri düzenleyen ve bu ilişkilerin temel prensiplerini belirleyen önemli bir hukuk dalıdır. Bu kapsamda, borçlu ve alacaklı arasındaki temel yükümlülüklerin zamanında ve doğru şekilde yerine getirilmesi, hukuki güven ve iş birliği açısından büyük önem taşır. Erken ifa ise, borçlar hukukunda öne çıkan ve tarafların hak ve yükümlülüklerini etkileyen önemli bir kavramdır. Bu makalede, erken ifa kavramının tanımı, hukuki niteliği, şartları, uygulama alanları ve beraberinde getirdiği sonuçlar ele alınmıştır. Borçlunun borcunu belirlenen ifa zamanından önce yerine getirmesi durumu olan erken ifanın hem borçlunun hem de alacaklının perspektifinden inceleneceği bu makale hem akademik çevrelerde hem de hukuk pratiğinde ilgili taraflara önemli bilgiler sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Erken ifa konusunda mevcut yasal düzenlemelerin yanı sıra, Türk Borçlar Kanunu'nda ve ilgili içtihat örneklerinde yer alan prensipler de detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmış, böylece bu konunun anlaşılması ve uygulanması kolaylaştırmıştır. Ayrıca, erken ifanın ticari ilişkilerde ve günlük hayatta nasıl etkili bir araç olarak kullanılabileceği üzerinde durulmuş ve pratik örneklerle desteklenmiştir.
The phenomenon of electronic betting games: socioeconomic and health impacts - an integrative literature review
Authors: Marcele Rêis dos Santos Zava Daiane , Barros de Souza Beatriz , André Stein Messetti Paulo
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The phenomenon of bets referred to as electronic gambling in Brazil, following precarious regulation of the activity through a federal normative act has impacted the economic, social, and health realities of the Brazilian population.
Objective: This study aims to identify the factors associated with gambling in the context of the scientific literature between 2014 and 2024, as well as its implications for the economy and public health.
Method: An integrative literature review was conducted, based on research using databases accessible through Scielo, PubMed, Scopus, and BVS search engines.
Results: Articles addressing the economic and public health impacts of gambling, particularly addiction and its social consequences, were analyzed. The study includes an examination of the effects of gambling on vulnerable communities and offers policy recommendations.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that while gambling generates revenue, it exacerbates inequalities and creates new challenges for public health systems.
Analysis of housing sustainability in the municipality of Vitória, ES, Brazil
Authors: Gomes Giori André , Damm Lucas , De Castro e Lima Alvaro , Albenes de Mendonça Cruz César
Published: December 2024

This article seeks to evaluate the urban public policy tools present in the legislative tools of urban planning, notably the national, state, metropolitan and municipal plans that prioritize the sustainable occupation of a social nature in large cities, especially the capital Vitória, and how these mechanisms are being used.
Next-Gen Smart Street Illumination System: An Adaptive and Energy-Efficient Approach to Street Lighting
Authors: Chaturvedi Preksha , Pandey Riya , Saxena Nidhi
Published: December 2024

The increasing urbanization of cities has
increased demand for affordable, environmentally
friendly, and efficient street lighting solutions.
Conventional street lighting systems often lead to
unnecessary energy waste since they operate at maximum
intensity regardless of real usage patterns. The " Next-Gen

Smart Illumination System" uses motion sensors, energy-
efficient LED lights, and intelligent control algorithms to

get around these problems.
This system uses motion detecting technology to
dynamically change the streetlights' lighting intensity.
IoT connectivity integration allows for remote
management and real-time monitoring, which facilitates
fault detection, usage analytics, and maintenance
optimization.
Energy efficiency and intelligent automation are
combined in this system to minimize carbon footprints,
improve public safety, and guarantee ideal lighting
conditions. It is in line with the worldwide objectives of
energy conservation and smart city development, and it is
a step forward in sustainable urban infrastructure.
Keywords: Energy- efficient lighting, Motion detection,
public safety, Smart control Algorithm, IoT connectivity,
Dynamic lighting, Energy conservation.
Advancements in E-learning Platforms: A Comparative Review of Development and Utilization Approaches
Authors: B S Shamith , T G Srinidhi , C Swayam , H B Tarun , V Rashmi
Published: December 2024

The rapid integration of technology in
education has transformed learning methods, leading
to the widespread adoption of e-learning platforms.
This review explores two contrasting approaches: the
structured course-based system offered by Moodle
and the interactive multimedia-based learning
platforms. Drawing insights from two studies, it
examines their unique features, benefits, and
limitations, offering recommendations for their
effective utilization. The findings highlight the
importance of combining structured learning with
multimedia interactivity for an optimized e-learning
experience.
Sprawling Metropolis: A Case Study of Indore with Sustainable Solutions
Authors: Gupta Avi
Published: December 2024

Urbanization can take many different shapes around
the world: it can take the form of low-density
residential neighborhoods, business districts, or
industrial estates that surrounds undeveloped areas. In
developing nations, urbanization rates are rising, and
India's urbanization trend demonstrates growth that
exceeds national borders. The limited supply and high
cost of land inside city limits encourage urban growth
outside of established metropolitan boundaries.
Urban sprawl, or the outward growth of cities into
surrounding rural areas, is a major aspect of
contemporary urbanization around the world. The
phenomena provides both possibilities and challenges
for sustainable urban development as it is closely
related to rapid population increase, economic growth,
and changing patterns of land use.
Major geographical changes are happening in Indian
cities because of the country's rapidly urbanization,
which has been accelerated by growing populations,
migration from the countryside to the cities, and
economic growth. By 2031, it is projected that there
will be more than 600 million people residing in cities
in India, which emphasizes the urgent requirement to
solve the issues caused by urban sprawl.
The city of Indore, India, which makes a good example
of the complexities of urban growth in India. Indore,
one of the most rapidly expanding cities in the nation,
has grown quickly in the past few years, particularly
within the northeast region.
This study explores the causes behind this in Indore,
the challenges it raises, and how cities can be more
sustainably designed to avoid these problems.
Keywords-Urban sprawl, Urbanization,
Sustainability, Sustainable Solutions
Comprehensive Review on Plant Disease Detection Techniques
Authors: M S Prapulla Kumar , C P Pruthvi , H V Preethi , T k Punyashree , Valeed Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Plant diseases present a significant challenge to global agricultural productivity and food security. Traditional
methods for identifying plant diseases rely heavily on manual observation and expertise, which are prone to error
and scalability issues. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning (ML) and deep
learning (DL), have revolutionized plant disease detection. This paper reviews eight key research studies exploring
these advancements, focusing on techniques such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Support Vector
Machines (SVMs), and hybrid models that incorporate preprocessing and feature extraction. While existing
methods achieve impressive accuracy in controlled conditions, their application to real-world environments remains
limited by dataset diversity, environmental variability, and computational demands. This paper also highlights the
importance of developing lightweight, scalable, and adaptable models. Future recommendations include expanding
datasets, integrating Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, and exploring multimodal approaches for holistic plant
health monitoring. Plant diseases significantly impact global food security, causing severe economic and
productivity losses. This review consolidates findings from eight key research studies on plant disease detection
using artificial intelligence, specifically machine learning and deep learning approaches. Techniques such as
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) are
evaluated, with a focus on their application in image classification and preprocessing. Challenges such as dataset
diversity, environmental variability, and computational complexity are analysed. Future recommendations include
developing scalable models, creating diverse datasets, and integrating real-time systems like drones and IoT
technologies to revolutionize agricultural practices.

Keywords:
Plant Disease Detection, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Image Processing, PlantVillage
Dataset, IoT, Agricultural Technology , Convolutional Neural Networks , Support Vector Machines , K-Nearest
Neighbours , computational complexity , multimodal approaches .
The Influence of Service Quality and Brand Image on Purchase Decisions
Authors: Insanudzaky Firza , Arasyi Muhammad Rayyan , Alfasyah Muhammad Zacky , Akbar Vanezza Sayyid
Published: December 2024

Good management is essential to a business because it directly affects the company's operations. Goods management aims to maintain the efficiency and productivity of the company. This study aims to analyze the goods management system at a Manufacturing Company in Tangerang City, which is essential for this company. The research method used was an online interview via chat, giving twelve questions to the company regarding goods management. The study results show that the goods management system in one of the Manufacturing Companies in Tangerang City has many benefits in reducing the risk of losing goods and streamlining work. In its implementation, one of the Manufacturing Companies in Tangerang City uses Axapta and ODDO software which specifically can oversee the management of goods effectively. In its implementation, companies also need to carry out established procedures and provide training to their employees. Overall, this study provides recommendations to one of the Manufacturing Companies in Tangerang City to continuously develop an existing goods management system and Manufacturing Companies in Tangerang City to provide more budget to train and change technology according to current needs to improve effectiveness and efficiency in the goods management system to monitor the inventory and usage of goods.
Company Analysis
Authors: Rudianto Yayan , Rusmiwati Erna , Wardhani Dyah Ciptaning L. S.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine how top management applies leadership and provides appropriate rewards to employee styles during the COVID-19 pandemic and endemic, as well as the impact on the company's financial performance. The research method used is descriptive quantitative, which is based on the philosophy of positivism. The population in this study were all employees of the Asep Stroberi Restaurant from its 11 branches, namely 396 employees. The research sample was all employees at Asep Stroberi Restaurant Ciawi Tasikmalaya, with a total of 36 employees. The results of the study found that financial leadership style has a positive impact on performance, while rewards on financial performance have a negative impact, which means that if there are too many rewards, financial performance will be disrupted or not good enough. This research can be taken into consideration by top management before giving rewards to employees, as a record of financial conditions before giving rewards.
Application of the Concept of Diffusion of Innovations in Tourism Support Business Sustainability
Authors: Sulistyo Agung , Danella Dena , Susiyanto Susiyanto
Published: December 2024

The instrument of diffusion innovation concept has been widely used in creating a sustainable business. Growing business and competitive competition are forcing business actors to think hard. The idea of innovation is made as one of the efforts that can be made. Existing instruments, such as innovation, time, communication channels, and social system, can guide business actors in implementing business management. This study aims to analyze the application of innovation diffusion at Loempia Lanny Semarang. This study uses a qualitative study design combined with a case study approach. They are collecting data in this study using interview techniques combined with the concept of diffusion innovation. Sources of information were obtained through the narrative of predetermined informants: business managers, employees, and consumers who are enjoying Loempia Lanny products. Data validation and processing used triangulation techniques and the Miles Huberman method through interview transcription, reduction, coding, categorization, and concluding. Based on the research results, it is known that Loempia Lanny's business follows the concept of innovation diffusion. The business manager has implemented all the instruments used. The research confirms that the idea of innovation has been implemented. However, business actors need to reinvent innovation to manage a sustainable business so that it is maintained.
Development of An Expert System for The Diagnosis of Kidney Disease Using the Certainty Factor Method
Authors: Maulana Refky , Desiani Anita
Published: December 2024

Kidney disease is a prevalent health issue affecting millions of people globally. Early and accurate diagnosis of kidney diseases can help in the timely and effective management of the condition. Expert systems, such as those using the Certainty Factor (CF) method, can provide doctors with valuable assistance in diagnosing kidney diseases more efficiently and accurately. This study aims to develop a kidney disease diagnosis expert system using the CF method. The developed system consists of data collection, data storage, and data processing components, with the CF method used to calculate diagnostic confidence levels and decision-making based on predetermined rules. The knowledge acquisition process was carried out by interviewing three nephrologists to obtain rules for diagnosing kidney diseases. The expert system's evaluation is conducted by comparing the system's diagnostic accuracy with a specialist doctors. The results show that the developed expert system has an accuracy rate of 85.7% in diagnosing kidney diseases. The system also has a user-friendly interface, which allows doctors to input symptoms and obtain a diagnosis quickly and accurately. The developed system has several advantages over traditional diagnosis methods. It can diagnose multiple kidney diseases simultaneously and provide a differential diagnosis, allowing doctors to choose the most appropriate treatment plan for their patients. The system also has the potential to reduce diagnostic errors and improve patient outcomes.
The Role of Paperless Office Systems in Supporting Office Automation Efforts
Authors: Hardiyanti Maya , Rizki Sri , Putri Reyisya Amelia Agina , Hanggini Agisni Sekar Dwi , Febrianto Abi Sopyan
Published: December 2024

This research evaluates how local government agencies in Subang Regency implement paperless offices. The study examines the implementation, obstacles, and solutions for implementing the concept of paperless offices in government organizations. Researchers utilized a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data sources included informants, events, and documents. Data analysis involved interactive techniques, including interviews as a tool for data collection. The analysis consisted of data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The research findings indicate that implementing the paperless office system in one of the government agencies in Subang Regency aims to address issues related to paper accumulation and enhance document security through application integration. Implementing the paperless office concept can improve the efficiency of public services, enabling faster and easier processes such as application submission, reporting, and data processing.
Web-Based School Academic Information System
Authors: Wahyudin Wahyudin , Wahyudi Heri , Komarudin Komarudin
Published: December 2024

Academic management activities are an essential part of the world of education related to the teaching and learning process. Currently, the academic information system at one MTs school in Bandung is still being done manually, such as recording student data, teacher data, subject data, scheduling data, and class data. However, this method is considered less effective because it is prone to damage or loss of data. This study aims to develop a system for data collection in teaching and learning activities. In developing the academic system, the author uses a qualitative descriptive method, in which data collection is carried out through triangulation, data analysis is inductive/qualitative, and research results emphasize meaning rather than generalization, emphasizing use cases. The programming language used to design and implement this academic information system is PHP with SSL, and the database used is MySQL. The results of this research can assist Curriculum officers and teachers in managing student data, teacher data, subject data, scheduling data, and class data more quickly and reduce the risk of data damage or loss.
Financial Ratio Analysis at PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. Registered on The Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016 - 2020 Period
Authors: Kartikasari Silvy , Karmana Dedi , Nasution Sakti Muda , Fudsy Mira Ismirani
Published: December 2024

The present study investigates the evaluation of financial ratios, encompassing liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios, at PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk., a company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, by analyzing financial reports spanning the period of 2016–2020. The present study employs a quantitative research methodology whereby the collected data is subjected to analysis in order to facilitate comprehension and interpretation through explanatory means. Upon conducting an analysis and subsequent discussion, the authors concluded that the assessment of financial ratios at PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. from 2016 to 2020 is primarily founded on liquidity and solvency ratios. The results indicate that the company's financial standing is generally favorable—the profitability ratios of PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. from 2016 to 2020, as analyzed through financial ratio analysis, indicates an average unfavorable state.
Telescopic model of the natural cycle of activity
Authors: Ishkov Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the telescopic model of the natural cycle of activity, reflecting the hierarchical structure of the human nervous system. The main goal of the study was to develop a model that duplicates the principle of hierarchy inherent in the nervous system and used in the “Priority” temperaments classification. The author analyzes existing activity cycle models, including the OODA cycle, D. Kolb's experience-based learning model, A. Kolb and D. Kolb's extended experience-based learning model, B. McCarthy's 4MAT model of learning styles, the Margerison-McCann model and M. Belbin's team roles. As a result, a telescoping model was developed with three links (levels of detail): a small model “2/4”, a medium model “3/8”, and a large model “4/16”. The models are oriented to tasks of different complexity: from basic analysis (model “2/4”) to a detailed approach to the management of complex processes (model “4/16”). The main advantage of the proposed telescopic model is the possibility of taking into account individual neurophysiological characteristics of workers, which increases the accuracy of predicting their behavior and the efficiency of personnel use. The use of the telescopic model of the natural cycle of activity will optimize labor processes, increase employee involvement and satisfaction.
Robust ensemble learning technique for traffic classification in SDN networks
Authors: Ismail Sura F. , Sabah Noor
Published: December 2024

By constantly changing flow rules, software-defined network (SDN) offers centralized control over a network of programmable switches. This opens the door for the network to be controlled dynamically and independently. SDN requires information from traffic categorization techniques for the appropriate group of rules to be apply to the proper set of traffic flows. Machine learning nowadays uses a range of categorization methods. A framework known as ensemble that mixes independent models to enhance an overall result has grown in popularity in recent studies showing that applying any algorithm does not always result in the best results for a dataset. Therefore, this paper suggests utilizing the ensemble model with two layers of learning methods to categorize incoming network traffic so that SDN may select the best set of possible traffic regulations using Orange platform. We also apply five machine learning methods and analyze their classification performance in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall. The experimental results reveal that ensemble model-based network traffic classifiers outperform other classifiers based on the proposed framework and the real-world network traffic dataset. Notably, the XGBoost model achieves the best classification performance in every type of traffic examined.
Integrated PBL Differentiated Instruction: An Effort to Improve Students' Literacy and Numeracy Skills
Authors: Cartini Nining , Cita Dwi Rosita  , Setiyani Setiyani
Published: December 2024

Mathematics, as a subject that is well known and studied by elementary school to middle school students, aims to ensure that students can understand and master it well to experience its benefits in everyday life. One of the mathematical skills that students must have is literacy and numeracy skills. Students' mathematical literacy and numeracy abilities are important components of measuring students' cognitive abilities. However, based on the results of initial observations at SMA Negeri 3 Kuningan, in reality, students' mathematical literacy and numeracy skills are still low, as can be seen from their difficulties in understanding, using, and communicating mathematical numbers and symbols, including analyzing data from graphs, tables, and diagrams for retrieval. This research investigates how the method is implemented: problem-based learning (PBL), integrated with differentiated learning, can influence students' mathematical literacy, numeracy skills, and ability to solve mathematical problems. The research method uses an experimental approach. The research results were obtained from test results N-Gain, with scores of 0.56 (medium category) and an increase percentage of 56.05%. This increase can be seen significantly in students' mathematical literacy and numeracy indicators. Students show better abilities in understanding, interpreting, and analyzing problem-based questions related to mathematical concepts. Overall, there is an increase in students' mathematical literacy and numeracy skills
Some considerations on the evolution of the lyric theatre in the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century (Republic of Moldova)
Authors: Coman Diana
Published: December 2024

The development of the operatic genre at the confluence of the 20th and 21st centuries in the Republic of Moldova represents an amalgam of opportunities and constraints, reflecting significant changes in the historical and cultural context, influenced by the evolution of society and technology. Within these two distinct periods, there are certain trends and developments that merit further analysis.
Institutional accreditation as a tool for improving university performance
Authors: Roman Ruslana
Published: December 2024

Institutional accreditation is an important process in higher education, with a significant impact on university performance. In this article, the author explores how institutional accreditation can act as a key tool for improving the quality and efficiency of higher education. Through assessment and formal certification, accreditation encourages universities to meet the set quality standards, thereby promoting academic excellence. The article also highlights the benefits of institutional accreditation for students, who can be assured of receiving a quality education, have access to high-quality academic resources and benefit from international academic mobility. In addition, accreditation can serve as a marketing tool for universities, attracting students, teachers and investors.
The importance of implementing quality assurance strategies of studies within the Academy of Music, Theatre and Fine Arts
Authors: Girbu Ecaterina
Published: December 2024

The article highlights the importance of implementing quality assurance strategies in higher
education in the Republic of Moldova, in the context of moving towards integration into the
European Union. Participation in the QFORTE project has accelerated the process of international
institutional accreditation, with recent evaluations for the Academy of Music, Theatre and Fine Arts.
Project objectives include improving quality assurance management, reviewing the European
diploma recognition procedures and promoting transparency in education. Collaboration with EU
universities offers expanded opportunities in education and strengthens the institutional image. The
strategies addressed within the QFORTE project highlighted the importance of dialogue in
improving the education process. An important procedure is the evaluation of teachers through
questionnaires, which contributes to the continuous development and transparency of the higher
education system. Direct students’ feedback favors the adaptation of the curriculum and teaching
methods, improving the academic experience. The teacher-student relationship, based on open
dialogue, is a significant element in students’ motivation and success. Effective collaboration
between students and teachers contributes to strengthening the reputation of the institution and
promoting academic excellence in AMTAP.
Methodological aspects of the analysis of modern music: non-classical musical forms
Authors: Sambrish Elena
Published: December 2024

In the „Methodology of Music Analysis” course for a master’s degree, one of the most difficult tasks is mastering the non-classical forms of music of the 20th-21st centuries, since they are very diverse and significantly different from the classical-romantic ones. Comparing the classifications of modern musical forms proposed by various musicologists – V. Tsenova, E. Ershova, T. Kyuregyan, M. Chobanu, V. Timaru, we give preference to the systematization of V. Kholopova as the most consistent, taking into account different criteria: the type of dramaturgy, method of writing, thematic architectonics. Revealing the basic principles of formation in modern music and establishing the leading trends in the development of musical forms, we present examples of the use of non-classical structures in the works of G. Chobanu, S. Pyslari, V. Cholac. To analyze them, the students are given a specific algorithm as part of an analytical essay.
Deontological milestones for the formation of the artistic intellectual elite: concordances to ensure the quality of studies
Authors: Comendant Tatiana
Published: December 2024

Since ancient times, mankind has produced directions for the formation of the human intellect, supported by values, ethical principles and moral norms, correlated with ensuring the quality of the studies of future specialists. The quality represents and reflects the correlations of the constant elements which in turn designate the specifics of each slope. The development of a culture of quality must be assumed by all actors in the academic field: from students and teaching staff to the leadership and management of the institution. An important role in this direction is played by internal and external quality assurance structures, which provide the necessary support and monitor the measures for continuous improvement of the quality of educational services undertaken by higher education institutions. Since ancient times, mankind has produced directions for the formation of the human intellect, supported by values, ethical principles and moral norms, correlated with ensuring the quality of the studies of future specialists. The quality represents and reflects the correlations of the constant elements which in turn designate the specifics of each slope. The development of a culture of quality must be assumed by all actors in the academic field: from students and teaching staff to the leadership and management of the institution. An important role in this direction is played by internal and external quality assurance structures, which provide the necessary support and monitor the measures for continuous improvement of the quality of educational services undertaken by higher education institutions.
Exploring Chinese Elementary Teachers’ Perceptions and Implementations of Gamification in Online EFL Classrooms
Authors: Xu Heyi , Sukavatee Pornpimol
Published: December 2024

This study investigates Chinese elementary teachers’ perceptions and implementations of gamification in online English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through a questionnaire (N = 140) and semi-structured interviews (N = 7). Teachers’ perceptions of gamification were analyzed across three dimensions: technological, cognitive, and pedagogical. Technologically, the results revealed that most teachers perceived gamification tools on the ClassIn platform as user-friendly and engaging, although limited in variety. Cognitively, teachers recognized gamification’s potential to enhance motivation and engagement, but expressed concerns about its potential to distract students. Pedagogically, while gamification was perceived as a complement to traditional teaching methods and a means to foster student-centered learning, it posed challenges such as increased workload and difficulties aligning activities with academic goals. Regarding implementation, gamification was most frequently used in vocabulary and reading activities, whereas its use in writing and listening activities was limited due to higher cognitive demands. Key challenges included managing students’ negative emotions from competition, addressing parental skepticism, overcoming technical and classroom management barriers, allocating sufficient time for effective implementation, and adapting gamification tools to diverse student needs. Key factors shaping implementation included student characteristics and content suitability. The results emphasize the need for tailored professional development, adaptive gamification strategies, and institutional support to maximize the benefits of gamification while addressing its challenges. This study offers actionable insights for enhancing teaching practices and improving student engagement in online EFL classrooms.
Assessing the Creditworthiness of Lebanese Banks Using Bayesian Networks
Authors: Chlela Georges , Mousawi Hasan
Published: December 2024

This research evaluates the creditworthiness of Lebanese banks using the Bayesian Naïve Classifier (BNC) in the CAMELS framework. Using the CAMELS indicators—capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earnings, liquidity, and sensitivity to market risk—the study examines data from 2012 to 2022, a period also marked by financial instability. The complex interdependencies between these variables are modeled using the BNC, a machine learning technique that provides a probabilistic approach that improves prediction accuracy. In order to assess how well the BNC predicts banks’ ratings, training and testing datasets are created. The findings indicate that the most important elements influencing bank ratings are capital adequacy, management efficiency, and asset quality. Liquidity and sensitivity to market risk become more significant during economic downturns, especially following the 2019 financial crisis in Lebanon. With a predicted accuracy of more than 98%, the BNC proved its resilience and dependability in identifying patterns that traditional models would miss. By incorporating machine learning into the CAMELS framework, this study presents an innovative approach to credit risk assessment and offers insightful information to investors, regulators, and decision-makers who are keeping an eye on the stability of financial institutions. To further confirm this model’s resilience in many economic contexts, future studies should extend its use to more industries and geographical areas.
Bio-Efficacy of Cloves Syzygium aromaticum against Pulse Beetle Callosobruchus chinensis
Authors: Rastogi Akshat , Sharma Anupam V
Published: December 2024

The pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), is a significant pest of stored grains, particularly pulses, poses health and economic risks. The efficacy of botanical insecticides specifically clove against pulse beetles, reared on stored grains, was evaluated in this study. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to assess the effect of clove on % infestation of whole moong seeds, eclosion of adults, and the sex ratio. It was observed that though there was no significant difference in the % infestation in ‘control’ and ‘test’ conditions, there was a significant difference in the ratio of males to females that emerged in the two conditions. The mean sex ratio was 0.77:1 in ‘control’ and 1.05:1 in ‘test’ conditions. It indicates that it would consequently lead to significant reduction in the population buildup of pulse beetles owing to the lesser number of females that emerged in the test condition in which a clove was kept along with whole moong seeds. The results of this preliminary study are quite encouraging and indicate the potential of clove as a ready-to-use condiment in the management of pulse beetles in an effective, economical and eco-friendly manner. Further studies are in progress to evaluate the effect of clove in different forms on the various behavioural responses of this economically important pest of stored grains, which could help in its management in an integrated manner.
Vrijheid van religie voor werknemers in de publieke sector. Een proeve van situering van het arrest Gemeente Ans in de Europese, Belgische en Nederlandse jurisprudentie
Authors: Dorssemont F.
Published: December 2024

Vrijheid van religie voor werknemers in de publieke sector. Een proeve van situering van het arrest Gemeente Ans in de Europese, Belgische en Nederlandse jurisprudentie

In het arrest Gemeente Ans buigt het Hof van Justitie van de Europese Unie zich voor het eerst over een hoofddoekenverbod dat zich in de publieke sector situeert op vraag van een Belgische rechter. Het betreft een casuspositie waarin een gemeentemedewerkster centraal staat die in de backoffice werkt, terwijl in voorgaande arresten medewerkers centraal stonden die contact hadden met het publiek. De prejudiciële vragen staan niet los van een controverse die de Belgische magistratuur sterk verdeeld houdt over de vraag of het begrip neutraliteit op exclusieve dan wel inclusieve wijze mag worden ingevuld. In deze bijdrage worden de Belgische en de Nederlandse jurisprudentie inzake hoofddoekenverboden tussen 2014 tot op heden geanalyseerd en vergeleken. Die vergelijking laat toe na te gaan of het begrip neutraliteit in beide jurisdicties een rol speelt, wat de doorwerking is geweest van de Luxemburgse hoofddoekenjurisprudentie sedert het arrest Achbita en of het arrest Gemeente Ans daarin verandering zal brengen.
Met de vlam in de pijp door Europa. De arbeidssituatie van internationale vrachtwagenchauffeurs: constructies en percepties
Authors: van der Hoeven A.M.H.
Published: December 2024

Met de vlam in de pijp door Europa. De arbeidssituatie van internationale vrachtwagenchauffeurs: constructies en percepties

Dit proefschrift gaat over intra-EU-arbeidskrachten en de arbeidsrechtelijke (schijn)constructies op basis waarvan zij onder meer in Nederland werken. De wegtransportsector is als casestudie onderzocht en internationale vrachtwagenchauffeurs zijn geïnterviewd. In dit onderzoek is gebruikgemaakt van zowel juridisch als empirisch onderzoek, passend binnen het raamwerk ‘empirical legal research/studies (ELS)’. Door deze gecombineerde onderzoeksmethode worden de in dit onderzoek verzamelde (interview)data verbonden met juridische data gebaseerd op literatuur- en jurisprudentieonderzoek. Op die manier is law in books getoetst aan law in action. Het leggen van deze link is de meerwaarde van het onderhavige onderzoek ten opzichte van veel juridische en sociaalwetenschappelijke onderzoeksliteratuur. Schijnconstructies worden onder de loep genomen, waarbij de percepties van de betrokkenen onder meer daarover worden geïntegreerd. Het samenbrengen van deze twee perspectieven maakt het mogelijk beleid en regels te ontwikkelen waarmee daadwerkelijk recht gedaan wordt aan de betekenis die betrokkenen aan hun arbeidssituatie geven
Waarom Cluedo je niet zal helpen bij het oplossen en beoordelen van echte moordzaken
Authors: Scholten M.M. (Mirnah)
Published: December 2024

Waarom Cluedo je niet zal helpen bij het oplossen en beoordelen van echte moordzaken

In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de wijze van redeneren door rechters en wordt een vergelijking gemaakt met het redeneren bij het bordspel Cluedo. Er wordt betoogd dat het van belang is om alternatieve scenario’s op te stellen en scenario’s met elkaar te vergelijken om bewijs op waarde te kunnen schatten. Anders dan bij Cluedo is het aantal mogelijke scenario’s in een strafzaak onbekend en is bewijs altijd probabilistisch. In strafzaken is het dan ook niet noodzakelijk dat een alternatief scenario wordt uitgesloten door de bewijsmiddelen, voordat het als weerlegd kan worden beschouwd. Echter, in de praktijk wordt daar weleens van uitgegaan door rechters. De auteur betoogt dat dit ten onrechte is en dat dit een (veel) te strikte maatstaf is die niet wordt voorgeschreven door de theorie die erachter zit.
De strafrechtelijke aanpak van dividendstripping
Authors: Lammers M.H.W.N. (Marloes)
Published: December 2024

De strafrechtelijke aanpak van dividendstripping

Dit artikel bespreekt de mogelijkheden om dividendstripping strafrechtelijk aan te pakken. In de visie van de auteur staan niet alleen de wettelijke bepalingen aan strafrechtelijke vervolging in de weg, maar ook de uitlatingen die door de overheid (onder andere de staatssecretaris) op dit punt zijn gedaan. Uit die uitlatingen volgt namelijk dat dividendstripping wordt gezien als belastingontwijking en dat is niet strafbaar. Immers heeft de Hoge Raad jaren geleden al geoordeeld dat een belastingplichtige de voor hem of haar meest gunstige fiscale route mag bewandelen. Dat die route mogelijk maatschappelijk bezien ongewenst is, maakt niet dat dit belastingontduiking en dus fraude en dus strafbaar is.
In Vivo Studies Exploring the Impact of IUGR in Rat Models on Offspring Malnutrition: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sukandar Umar Gunarsa , Prasetyorini Nugrahanti
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), stemming from inadequate fetal nutrition due to maternal or placental factors, affects 10–15% of pregnancies worldwide. Animal models reflect human IUGR, showing malnutrition-associated outcomes like impaired growth, reduced body weight, delayed puberty, and disruptions in genetic and hormonal processes. Despite extensive research, gaps persist in understanding how IUGR impacts fetal outcomes, particularly regarding malnutrition-related outcomes.
Material and Methods: The literature search was conducted in four databases. Several outcomes were analyzed, including the timing of puberty, weight and body composition, and organ development, which represented the IUGR rat's malnutrition condition. Throughout the identification process, 11 articles were included in the systematic review.
Results: Research consistently demonstrates that IUGR in rat models results in delayed puberty, characterized by delayed vaginal opening and lower body weights compared to controls across early and later developmental stages. Additionally, IUGR adversely affects organ development, with studies showing reduced brain weights, diminished ovarian and mammary gland development, and altered sizes of reproductive organs. Furthermore, IUGR disrupts hormonal and genetic profiles, as evidenced by changes in ovarian follicle counts, altered gene expressions related to testicular development, and dysregulated metabolic pathways. All malnutrition-related outcomes significantly differed between IUGR and control rats (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: IUGR in rat models consistently induces developmental delays and physiological impairments in offspring, characterized by delayed puberty, reduced body weights, and compromised organ development, highlighting the adverse consequences of malnutrition associated with IUGR.
Sosyal Pazarlama ve Paylaşım Ekonomisi: Bir Vaka İncelemesi
Authors: Doğan Erdinç Ece
Published: December 2024

Bireylerin refah seviyelerinin artırılması, içinde yaşadıkları toplumu pozitif yönde etkilemekle birlikte yüksek bir refah seviyesine ulaşan toplumlar da içinde bulundukları coğrafyaların sınırlarını aşarak söz konusu pozitif etkiyi küresel ölçekli bir hale getirebilmektedir. Günümüzde Birleşmiş Milletler gibi uluslararası otoriteler, bireylerin sosyal refah seviyelerinin artırılması için sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerini planlamakta ve belirli bir süre içerisinde bu hedeflere ulaşmaya çalışmaktadır. Çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan sosyal pazarlama kavramı, BM tarafından belirlenen hedeflere benzer şekilde sosyal sorumluluk bilinciyle tasarlanan uygulamaların pazarlama teknikleriyle daha geniş kitlelere ulaştırılmasını sağlayan bir süreci ifade etmektedir. Sınırlı kaynaklara erişimin artırılması amacı doğrultusunda internet tabanlı platformlar aracılığıyla ölçeklenebilir bir sosyoekonomik sistem olarak tanımlanan paylaşım ekonomisi kavramı (Eckhardt vd., 2019: 3), çalışma kapsamında sosyal pazarlama uygulamalarının bir mecrası olarak irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın araştırma bölümünde; kendisini “sosyal kooperatif” olarak tanımlayan İhtiyaç Haritası platformunun, sosyal pazarlama ve paylaşım ekonomisi kavramlarının hangi özelliklerini taşıdığının analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda İhtiyaç Haritası platformunun Andreasen (1995: 7) tarafından belirlenen sosyal pazarlamanın tüm özelliklerini taşıdığı, Kotler (2000: 6-7) tarafından belirlenen mübadele teorisinin tüm niteliklerini sağladığı, Acquier vd. (2017: 6-7) tarafından belirlenen paylaşım ekonomisinin üçlü iş modeline uygun olduğu, eğitim, doğal afetler, spor, sanat, kültür, sağlık ve sağlık çalışanları, gıda, sivil toplum kuruluşları ve kadınlara yönelik projeler geliştirdiği, BM tarafından belirlenen sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerinden toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği, nitelikli eğitim, eşitsizliklerin azaltılması, açlığa son, yoksulluğa son, sağlık ve kaliteli yaşam, sorumlu üretim ve tüketim, amaçlar için ortaklıklar hedefleri ile uyumlu faaliyetler sürdürdüğü saptanmıştır.
Opportunities for the Use of Rescue Dogs in the Fire Safety and Civil Protection Directorate General - Ministry of the Interior
Authors: Eftimov Miroslav , Arabadzhieva Svilena , Iliev Stefan
Published: December 2024

The report examines the role of rescue dogs in search and rescue operations. The current situation and the regulatory framework in the Republic of Bulgaria have been analysed. All possibilities for the use of rescue dogs from the Fire Safety and Civil Protection Directorate General - Ministry of the Interior are indicated.
Development of Children's Fantasy with Using 3D Printing
Authors: Velkov Petar
Published: December 2024

Ohe introduction of innovations in education is a current topic in Bulgarian educational institutions. 3D printing, as a relatively new technology, is becoming an invariable participant in this process. Through the STEM methodology, students participate in experiments, are encouraged to share their ideas, and contribute to the development of group projects aimed at exploring the world around them. The 3D printer from technical equipment is transformed into a pedagogical tool stimulating the intellectual and creative development of children.
Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy
Authors: Saracoglu Hakan , Tokgöz Bülent , Koçyiğit İsmail
Published: December 2024

Aim: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, the most prevalent primary glomerulonephritis, carries the potential for progression
to kidney failure. The researches are going on for biomarkers that can be used to predict the prognosis. This study aimed to
evaluate the effect of some inflammatory parameters on prognosis in IgA nephropathy.
Materials and Methods: The study included 53 patients diagnosed with IgA nephropathy. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine,
estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary microprotein/creatinine (Mp/Cr) ratio, white blood cell count (WBC),
mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), erythrocyte sedimentation
rate (ESR), and C-Reactive protein (CRP) at initial admission, along with eGFR values at subsequent follow-ups (1, 3, and
5 years), were retrospectively analyzed. Poor prognosis was defined as a 50% or greater reduction in eGFR, hemodialysis
requirement, kidney transplantation, or exitus.
Results: Patients with poor prognosis exhibited higher BUN, creatinine, and Mp/Cr ratio, accompanied by lower eGFR levels.
Notably, among the inflammatory biomarkers, only MPV demonstrated a significant difference between the prognosis groups,
with lower values observed in the poor prognosis group (p=0.006). ROC analysis revealed significant predictive value for all
five parameters (BUN, creatinine, eGFR, urine Mp/Cr and MPV), with MPV showing the highest AUC value (0.78).
Conclusion: This study pioneers the evaluation of MPV as a prognostic marker in IgA nephropathy. Pending confirmation
through subsequent investigations, MPV holds promise as a valuable prognostic indicator for IgA nephropathy.
Mediastinal matür kistik teratom olgusu
Authors: Turan Oğuzhan , Ekici Mehmet Akif
Published: December 2024

Mediastinal kitleler her yaş grubunda farklı hastalıklara bağlı ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Germ hücreli tümörlerden olan teratomda birden çok germ hücre tabakası bulunur ve mediasten tutulumu sık değildir. Genellikle insidental olarak radyolojik görüntülemerde tanı konulur. Bu sunumumuzda, öksürük şikayetiyle başvuran 23 yaşındaki kadın hastanın VATS ile opere ettiğimiz anterior mediasten yerleşimli matür kistik teratom olgusunu sunmayı amaçladık.