bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLANTES EXTRACORTOS, PROPORCIÓN CORONA-IMPLANTE E IMPORTANCIA DEL CHS (CROWN HEIGH SPACE) EN ATROFIAS VERTICALES SEVERAS
Authors: Anitua Eduardo
Published: June 2018

Objetivo. Este estudio pretende evaluar la repercusión de este ratio corona-implante sobre la supervivencia de los implantes extracortos (5,5 y 6,5 mm de longitud). Métodos. Se ha realizado un estudio piloto con implantes extracortos sobre los que asientan prótesis con proporción corona-implante considerada como desfavorable, estudiando el comportamiento de los implantes y las prótesis. Radiografias panorámicas sirvieron para medir las variables de la proporción corona-implante, el CHS, la perdida ósea proximal.  Las fichas de los pacientes fueron revisadas para documentar cualquier complicación protésica y perdida de implante. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas y el test de Spearman servió para evaluar la asociación entre la perdida ósea, la proporción corona-implante, y el CSH. Resultados. Fueron seleccionados 6 implantes en 6 pacientes donde se cumplian los criterios extremos establecidos de CHS superior a 15 y ratio corona implante superior a 3. La pérdida ósea media crestal observada en el período de seguimiento fue de 0,95 mm, siendo de 0,67 mm en la zona mesial y de 0,57 mm en la zona distal. El CHS medio de la corona fue de 20,7 mm y el ratio medio de 3,31 mm. Al relacionar la pérdida ósea marginal distal  con el ratio corona-implante y el CHS no se obtuvieron resultados estadísticamente significativos para la pérdida distal (p=0,85) y mesial (p=0,41). Conclusiones. consideramos que los ratios superiores a 3 (hecho habitual en la rehabilitación de los implantes extracortos) son una opción terapéutica aceptable a la luz de estos datos aunque estudios con muestras mayores serían necesarios.
Буддийские ценности как возможная экономическая детерминанта развития тувинского общества
Authors: Tarbastaeva Inna S.
Published: June 2018

В статье актуализируется изучение буддийских ценностей в свете их благотворного влияния на социально-экономическое развитие общества Тувы. Этому способствуют имеющиеся научные исследования успешных экономик мира, обзор которых приводится в работе.После распространения буддизма на Западе в середине XX века древние знания и практики стали доступны для урбанизированного населения развитых стран. Зарубежные исследователи обратили внимание на актуальный их потенциал при ведение финансовой, производственной деятельности. Среди западных экономистов начало разработки этой тематики положил Э. Шумахер (1973). Среди азиатских исследователей важный вклад сделал тайский монах и философ П. Пайотто.В имеющихся исследованиях, связывающих религию и экономическую культуру, буддизм как не поощряет к бедности, и не призывает отказу от материальных благ. Его неверно интерпретировать как аскетичную религию. В буддийских текстах существуют прямые указания, касающиеся способа зарабатывания денег, смысла благосостояния. Современные учителя также дают советы мирянам относительно экономической активности. Хотя в буддизме практикующие стремятся, прежде всего, к духовным целям — освобождению от страданий, достижению состояния Будды, миряне включены в социальную жизнь и Учение учитывает это. В буддизме считается, что богатство не способно принести подлинное счастье. Поэтому для практикующего мирянина достижение высокого материального благосостояния не является жизненной целью.В статье приводятся результаты современных исследований экономистов, психологов нейробиологов, подтверждающих, что эмпирическая корреляция между увеличением доходов и счастьем является незначительно. Приводятся примеры того, как буддийские ценности помогают предпринимателям. Так, в результате веры в закон кармы проявляется большая степень честности при деловом взаимодействии, появляется долгосрочная ориентация на бизнес. Убежденность в непостоянстве помогает принимать рискованные решения, необходимые в предпринимательской деятельности. Актуальность показывают и буддийские практики управления эмоциональными состояниями. Во многих мировых корпорациях (Google, Twitter, Ebay) внедряют программы по практикам осознанности. Это помогает сотрудникам справляться с ежедневным стрессом, усталостью.Все это побуждает обратиться к обществу тувинцев, для которых буддизм является традиционной религией. Сегодня в Туве повышается престиж буддизма, наблюдается живой интерес со стороны молодежи. Формируется сообщество мирян, получивших современное образование и компетентных в области буддизма. Автор делает вывод, что молодое поколение тувинцев в перспективе сможет применить духовные ценности в практической экономической деятельности.
Экономические термины в документах Тувинской Народной Республики (1921–1944 гг.)
Authors: Kharunova Marianna M.-B.
Published: June 2018

В статье на основе материалов Государственного Архива Республики Тыва рассматриваются экономические термины, содержащиеся в документах Тувинской Народной Республики (1921–1944 гг.).В Государственном архиве Республики Тыва содержится уникальный фонд Тувинской Народной Республики, в котором насчитывается около шести тысяч единиц хранения. Одной из особенностей делопроизводства в период ТНР было использование письменности на трех языках: старомонгольской, тувинской, русской. Причем документы на тувинском языке с 1930 г. писались на латинском алфавите, с 1941 г. — на основе кириллицы.Становление Тувинской Народной Республики было непростым процессом, связанным как со сложившимися историческими предпосылками, так и новыми политическими условиями. Молодому государству предстояло сформировать систему управления, обеспечивающую жизнедеятельность общества не только на новых идеологических принципах, но и на новых экономических основах. Большую роль в развитие ТНР сыграла всестороння помощь Советского Союза. Масштабные преобразования во всех сферах жизни, развитие новых отраслей экономики, промышленного производства, новых форм хозяйствования, перевод аратов на оседлость, создание финансово-экономической системы, организация национального банка и введение национальной валюты «акша», системы налогообложения, формирование новых органов государственного управления привели к активизации не только нормотворчества для регулирования новых отношений, но и к созданию целого свода новых терминов и понятий. Происходившие системные изменения способствовали формированию нового делового стиля языка, неотъемлемой частью которого стала экономическая составляющая.Экономические термины зафиксированы в документах органов государственной власти, таких как Постановления Совета Министров ТНР, Указы Президиума Малого Хурала ТНР, инструкция Министерства финансов ТНР и др. Анализ документов позволил систематизировать рассматриваемые термины по трем основаниям: термины на тувинском языке, комбинированные русско-тувинские и тувинско-русские термины, тувинизированные русские слова.Познавательный потенциал архивных документов Тувинской Народной Республики как источников по изучению становления и развития экономики и финансов того времени еще не исчерпан и может стать основой дальнейших научных исследований. По мнению автора, экономические термины периода ТНР можно было бы использовать и постепенно вводить в страницы республиканских документов сегодняшнего дня, те
Post-synthetic ligand exchange in zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks: beware of the defects!
Authors: Taddei Marco , Wakeham Russell J. , Koutsianos Athanasios , Andreoli Enrico , Barron Andrew R.
Published: June 2018

Post-synthetic ligand exchange in the prototypical zirconium-based metal-organic framework UiO-66 was investigated by in situ solution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Samples of UiO-66 having different degrees of defectivity were exchanged using solutions of several terephthalic acid analogues in a range of conditions. Linker exchange only occurred in defect-free UiO-66, whereas monocarboxylates grafted at defective sites were found to be preferentially exchanged with respect to terephthalic acid over the whole range of conditions investigated. A 1:1 exchange ratio between the terephthalic acid analogue and modulator was observed, providing evidence that the defects had missing-cluster nature. Ex situ characterisation of the MOF powders after exchange corroborated these findings and evidenced that the physical-chemical properties of the MOF depend on whether the functionalisation occurs at defective sites or on the framework. N2 sorption analysis showed that, upon exchange, defective samples underwent significant decrease of surface area and disappearance of large pores, associated with the presence of missing-cluster defects in the starting material. CO2 sorption studies displayed the different impact of pure defect functionalisation and pure framework functionalisation on isosteric heat of adsorption and CO2/N2 selectivity.
Co-existing feedback loops generate tissue-specific circadian rhythms
Authors: Pett J Patrick , Kondoff Matthew , Bordyugov Grigory , Kramer Achim , Herzel Hanspeter
Published: June 2018

Gene regulatory feedback loops generate autonomous circadian rhythms in mammalian tissues. The well-studied core clock network contains many negative and positive regulations. Multiple feedback loops have been discussed as primary rhythm generators but the design principles of the core clock and differences between tissues are still under debate. Here we use global optimization techniques to fit mathematical models to circadian gene expression profiles for different mammalian tissues. It turns out that for every investigated tissue multiple model parameter sets reproduce the experimental data. We extract for all model versions the most essential feedback loops and find auto-inhibitions of period and cryptochrome genes,Bmal1–Rev-erb-αloops, and repressilator motifs as possible rhythm generators. Interestingly, the essential feedback loops differ between tissues, pointing to specific design principles within the hierarchy of mammalian tissue clocks. Self-inhibitions ofPerandCrygenes are characteristic for models of suprachiasmatic nucleus clocks, whereas in liver models many loops act in synergy and are connected by a repressilator motif. Tissue-specific use of a network of co-existing synergistic feedback loops could account for functional differences between organs.
Balıkesir İlinde Tarımsal Danışmanlık Hizmetinin Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İMAMOĞLU Hakan , ÇOBANOĞLU Ferit
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışmada,
Balıkesir ilinde, Tarımsal Danışmanlık Hizmeti (TDH)’nden yararlanan ve
yararlanmayan işletmeler, karşıt durum etki değerleme yöntemi kullanılarak analiz
yapılmıştır. Yörede, gayeli olarak belirlenmiş olan 143 işletmeyle yüz yüze
anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. 72 işletme TDH’nden yararlanan, 71
işletme ise TDH’nden yararlanmayan işletmelerden seçilmiştir. Anket çalışmaları
2014-2015 yıllarında yapılmıştır. Başlıca üretici ve tarımsal işletme
karakteristiklerinin (yaş, eğitim, deneyim, hanedeki birey sayısı, hanedeki
tarımda çalışan kişi sayısı) belirlenmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler
(aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma vb.) kullanılmıştır. Etki değerleme analizinde
de; TDH’nin, tarımsal işletmelerde elde edilen yıllık ortalama toplam tarımsal
gelir ve işletme varlıklarının ekonomik büyüklüğü üzerine etkileri analiz
edilmiştir. Bunun için, ortalama müdahale etkisi (Average Treatment
Effect: ATE) değerleri incelendiğinde; tüm
üreticilerin TDH’nden yararlanması durumunda, işletme başına düşen yıllık
ortalama toplam tarımsal gelir, üreticilerin hiçbirinin TDH’nden yararlanmaması
durumuna göre elde edilecek gelirden 4,986 TL daha fazla olacağı belirlenmiştir.
TDH’nden (müdahaleden) yararlanmış işletmelerde, TDH’nin etkisini ortaya koyan
(Average
Treatment Effect on Treated: ATET)
analiz sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde ise; TDH’nden yararlanan tüm üreticiler
için, bu üreticilerin elde ettikleri yıllık toplam tarımsal gelir, bu
üreticilerin (TDH’nden yararlanan) TDH’nden yararlanmaması durumunda elde
edecekleri gelirden 4,972 TL daha fazla olacağı belirlenmiştir. Yine, ATE
sonucuna göre; tüm üreticilerin TDH’nden yararlanması durumunda, işletme varlıklarının
ekonomik büyüklüğü, üreticilerin hiçbirinin TDH’nden yararlanmaması durumunda
oluşacak büyüklükten 0.44 kategori (derece) daha yüksek olacağı belirlenmiştir.
ATET sonucuna göre ise, TDH’nden yararlanan tüm üreticiler için, bu
üreticilerin elde ettikleri işletme varlıklarının ekonomik büyüklüğü, bu
üreticilerin, TDH’nden yararlanmaması durumunda elde edecekleri ekonomik
büyüklükten 0.31 kategori daha fazla olacağı belirlenmiştir.
Diyarbakır İli Pamuk Ekim Alanlarında Bulunan Yeşilkurt, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’un Popülasyon Dalgalanmasının Belirlenmesi
Authors: AKYILDIZ Merve , BAYHAN Erol
Published: June 2018

Pamuk
alanlarının önemli zararlılarından biri olan Yeşilkurt, Helicoverpa armigera
Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ve özellikle generatif organlarda zarar
yaparak önemli ürün kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma H. armigera'nın ergin popülasyon değişimini
saptamak amacıyla Delta tipi eşeysel çekici tuzakların yerleştirildiği pamuk
tarlalarında 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında Diyarbakır ilinde (Bismil, Çınar ve Sur)
yürütülmüştür. Bismil (Kazancı), Çınar (Karalar), Sur (Tanoğlu) ilçelerinde üç
pamuk tarlası belirlenmiş ve her tarlaya üçer adet feromon tuzaklar
yerleştirilmiştir. Tuzaklarda yakalanan erginler haftalık yapılan sayımlarla
takip edilmiştir. Çalışmalardan elde edilen verilere göre H. armigera’nın
popülasyon dalgalanması 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında genel olarak aylara ve yıllara
göre farklılık göstermiştir. Deneme kurulan tarlalarda 2014 yılında yapılan
sayımlarda tuzaklarda daha fazla kelebek yakalanmasının olduğu görülürken 2015
yılında geçen yıla oranla tuzaklarda daha az yakalanma olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Yeşilkurt ergin popülasyon dalgalanmasına bakıldığı zaman 2014
yılında Bismil (Kazancı)’de (28 birey/tuzak) ve Çınar (Karalar)’da (23
birey/tuzak) mayıs ayı sonunda en yüksek popülasyon yoğunluğuna ulaştığı görülürken
aynı yıl Sur (Tanoğlu)’da (13 birey/tuzak) haziran ayı başında en yüksek
popülasyon yoğunluğu görülmüştür. 2015 yılında ise eşeysel çekici feromon
tuzaklarda Sur (Tanoğlu)’da (6 birey/tuzak) temmuz ayı başında, Bismil
(Kazancı)’de (19 birey/tuzak) ve Çınar (Karalar)’da (15 birey/tuzak)  temmuz ayı ortalarında en yüksek popülasyon
yoğunluğuna ulaştığı görülmüştür.
ESTIMACIÓN DEL VAR MEDIANTE UN MODELO CONDICIONAL MULTIVARIADO BAJO LA HIPÓTESIS Α-ESTABLE SUB-GAUSSIANA
Authors: Serrano-Bautista Ramona , Mata-Mata Leovardo
Published: June 2018

Resumen

El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer un modelo de volatilidad multivariable, el cual combina la propiedad de la distribución α-estable para ajustar colas pesadas con el modelo GARCH para capturar clúster de volatilidad. El supuesto inicial es que los rendimientos siguen una distribución sub-Gaussiana, la cual es un caso particular de las distribuciones estables multivariadas. El modelo GARCH propuesto se aplica en la estimación del VaR a un portafolio compuesto por cinco activos que cotizan en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV). En particular, se compara el desempeño del modelo propuesto con la estimación del VaR obtenida bajo la hipótesis multivariada Gaussiana, t-Student y Cauchy durante el período de la crisis financiera de 2008.

Abstract

The purpose of this investigation is to propose a multivariate volatility model that takes into consideration time varying volatility and the property of the α-stable sub-Gaussian distribution to model heavy tails. The principal assumption is that returns follow a sub-Gaussian distribution, which is a particular multivariate stable distribution. The proposed GARCH model is applied to a Value at Risk (VAR) estimation of a portfolio composed by 5 companies listed in the Mexican Stock Exchange Index (IPC) and compared with the one obtained using the normal multivariate distribution, t-Student and Cauchy. In particular, we examine performances during the financial crisis of 2008.
Social Science Metadata and the Foundations of the DDI
Authors: Rasmussen Karsten Boye
Published: June 2018

Social Science Metadata and the Foundations of the DDI
Editor’s notes: Avoiding disclosure, using data, and improving digital preservation
Authors: Rasmussen Karsten Boye
Published: June 2018

Editor’s notes: Avoiding disclosure, using data, and improving digital preservation
Principles- Versus Rules-Based Output Statistical Disclosure Control In Remote Access Environments
Authors: Ritchie Felix , Elliot Mark
Published: June 2018

Principles- Versus Rules-Based Output Statistical Disclosure Control In Remote Access Environments
Editor's Notes
Authors: Rasmussen Karsten Boye , Wackerow Joachim
Published: June 2018

Editor's Notes
Open-access for existing LMIC demographic surveillance data using DDI
Authors: Kanjala Chifundo , Todd Jim , Beckles David , Castillo Tito , Knight Gareth , Mtenga Baltazar , Urassa Mark , Zaba Basia
Published: June 2018

Open-access for existing LMIC demographic surveillance data using DDI
Embracing the ‘Data Revolution’: Opportunities and Challenges for Research
Authors: Woollard Matthew
Published: June 2018

Embracing the ‘Data Revolution’: Opportunities and Challenges for Research
United States Secretariat Report
Authors: Rowe Judith S.
Published: June 2018

United States Secretariat Report
Theatrical Art in Classical European and Modern Arabic Literature:
Authors: Shamsuddin Salahuddin Mohd , Ahmad Siti Sara Binti Hj.
Published: June 2018

No doubt that Classical Arabic Literature was influenced by Greek Literature, as the modern Arabic literature was influenced by European Literature. The narrative poetry was designed for the emergence of theatrical poetry, a poetry modeled on the model of the story with its performance in the front of audience. This style was not known as Arabic poetry, but borrowed from the European literatures by the elite of poets who were influenced by European literatures looking forward to renew the Arabic poetry. It means that we use in this article the historical methodology based on the historical relation between European and Arabic literature in the ancient and modern age.

The first who introduced the theatrical art in Arab countries was Mārūn al-Niqqāsh, who was of a Lebanese origin. He traveled to Italy in 1846 and quoted it from there. The first play he presented to the Arab audience in Lebanon was (Miser) composed by the French writer Molière, in late 1847.

It is true that the art of play in Arabic literature at first was influenced by European literatures, but soon after reached the stage of rooting, then the artistic creativity began to emerge, which was far away from the simulation and tradition.

It is true also that European musical theatres had been influenced later by Arabic literature and oriental literatures. European musical theatres (ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn and the magical lamp), the play (Māʿrūf Iska in Cairo) and the musical plays of (Shahrzād) are derived from (One thousand and one Nights).

This study aims to discover the originality of theatrical art in modern Arabic literature. Therefore it is focused on its both side: Its European originality and its journey to Arab World, hence its artistic characteristics in modern Arabic literature. We also highlight its journey from the poetic language to the prose.
ДИЗАЙН-РОЗРОБКА КОЛЕКЦІЇ ЖІНОЧОГО ОДЯГУ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ АВТОРСЬКИХ ПРИНТІВ
Authors: Остапенко Н. В. , Верба С. В. , Луцкер Т. В. , Антонюженко А. Ю. , Авраменко Т. В.
Published: June 2018

Design and production women’s set of outfits collection using exclusive prints
АНАЛІЗ ХУДОЖНЬО-КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ ЗАСОБІВ ФОРМОУТВОРЕННЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ДИЗАЙНЕРА МАДЛЕН ВІОНЕ
Authors: Давиденко І. В. , Пашкевич К. Л.
Published: June 2018

Study of art-compositional means for shaping the models of clothes of the famous couturier of the 20th century Madeleine Vionnet and her design techniques with the purpose of developing a classification for use in the design of modern clothing
Histopathological findings of renal biopsy in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Karki Sanjit , Shrestha Roshan , Paudyal Buddhi , Pandey Bimal , Ranjitkar Nora , Sharma Yuba Raj , Kayastha Gyan Krishna
Published: June 2018

Introductions: Classifying morphological pattern of renal involvement is important in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for definitive treatment and prognosis. This study aims to analyse the histopathological pattern of glomerula in SLE patients.Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with SLE who had renal biopsy during October 2013 to September 2015 at Patan Hospital.Results: There were 38 patients of SLE. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was positive in all 38 (100 %), Anti-dsDNA seen in 18 (47.4%). Active urinary sediment & proteinuria was seen in 25 (65.8%) patients and proteinuria in 13 (34.2%) patients. Histopathological patterns were of glomerular involvement, ISN Class II in 2 (5.3%), Class III in 2 (5.3%), class IV in 20 (52.5%), Class V in 6 (15.8%) and mixed IV-V in 8 (21.1%).Conclusions: The diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis (ISN Class IV) was the most common pattern of lupus nephritis encountered in our study followed by mixed pattern (ISN Class IV & V) and membranous lupus nephritis (ISN class IV). Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):10-14
Outcome of laparoscopic nephrectomy in benign renal disease
Authors: Giri Naresh Kumar , Thapa Narayan , Thapa Bikash Bikram , Bhandari Bharat Bahadur , Hamal Bhairab Kumar
Published: June 2018

Introductions: Laparoscopic surgery is a rapidly emerging option in urology. With the advances in technology and instruments, currently this is viable alternative to treat complex surgical diseases as well as reconstructive surgery.Methods: This was a prospective observational study to analyze the outcome of laparoscopic nephrectomy. A total of 51 patients had undergone laparoscopic nephrectomy over the period of five years. The variables analyzed were, age, sex, operative time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, conversion rate and complication.Results: The patients’ mean age was 41.1 years (range 15-71 years). Indications for nephrectomy were non-functional kidney secondary to stone disease in 26 (50.98%). Mean operative time was 1.43 hours. Median hospital stay was 2.3 days.Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery is a safe and feasible treatment option for benign renal diseases with comparable outcomes. Non- functional kidney secondary to renal stone was the major cause of nephrectomy in this study. Journal of Patan Academy of Health  Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):19-22
Prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant women and management of babies born to Hepatitis B positive mother: a criterion based clinical audit
Authors: Singh Alka , Joshi Suchita , Sharma Yuba Raj
Published: June 2018

Introductions: This study aims at  identifying the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women and adherence to the management of the newborns of these women as per the international guidelines.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Patan Hospital from January 1, 2008 to December 30, 2014. Prevalence of HBsAg in pregnant women in Patan Hospital and management of babies born to these women, the immunization status, breast feeding status and follow up advice for the babies were studied. These data were analyzed to see whether we were following international guidelines for preventing mother to child transmission of hepatitis B infection.Results: There were total of 58,917 deliveries and 59,438 births during the seven-year study period. During this period, total 148 cases of pregnant ladies with HBsAg positive status were recorded. The prevalence of HBsAg positive case was 0.25% or 1 in every 398 deliveries. Fifty-four babies (87%) received hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 12 hours of birth. Eight babies (22%) failed to receive HBV and HBIG within 12 hours of birth. Fifty-eight (96%) babies were breastfed after birth. Mother’s HBsAg positive status was not the reason for formula feeding in any of the babies. Follow up HBsAg status was not advised in any of the babies.Conclusions: Patan Hospital seems to be following most of the guidelines in the management of HBV infection in pregnant women, except for checking the HBsAg status of their babies at 9-18 months of age.Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):23-27
Bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns in children with urinary tract infection admitted at tertiary hospital in Nepal
Authors: Shah Ganesh , Pokhrel Bhishma , Shah Anish Kumar , Bista Puspa Bahadur , Bhattarai Asmita
Published: June 2018

Introductions: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection affecting children. A prompt recognition and accurate antimicrobial management are vital to prevent kidney damage. This study aims to determine the bacterial pathogens and their patterns of antimicrobial resistance in children presenting with UTI.Methods: This was a cross sectional study done at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, from Nov 2012 to Oct 2016. There were 88 children between age group of 1 to 14 years with culture proven UTI. The bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance were analysed.Results: Three most common organisms isolated were E. Coli 60 (68%), Klebsiella species 15 (17%) and Proteus 7 (8%). The resistance of E. Coli to ampicillin, ofloxacin, cefotaxime, gentamicin and amikacin were 51 (85%), 49 (82%), 45 (75%), 17 (28%) and 2 (3%) respectively. The resistance to ampicillin was Klebsiella species 13 (87%), Proteus 6 (86%) and Enterococcus 3 (60%).Conclusions: The E. Coli was leading bacterial pathogen causing UTI in children, with ampicillin resistance occurring in more than half of these cases. Amikacin and gentamicin had lower antibiotic resistance and can be used for treatment of UTI in children.Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):32-35
Competitive Advantage of Firm Strategy
Authors: Bhattarai Dhundi Raj
Published: June 2018

Not available. NCC Journal Vol. 3, No. 1, 2018, Page: 30-43
Application of Forensic Accounting in Nepal
Authors: Upadhyay Jitendra Prasad
Published: June 2018

Forensic accounting may not be a new concept in accounting. However it has become significant to all stakeholders like the government, investors and practitioners to regularity bodies. Forensic accounting is closely related to the legal process and has the potential to be involved in proceedings in the civil and criminal courts. It provides an accounting analysis to assist in legal matters forming the basis for discussion, debate and ultimately dispute resolution.This article presents status of application of forensic accounting in Nepal and recommends steps that should be taken for the enhancement of the utilization of forensic accounting as an effective tool for curtailing fraud and corruption in Nepal at different sectorsNCC JournalVol. 3, No. 1, 2018, Page: 82-89
Laws of Arbitration in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Shuvan Raj
Published: June 2018

Not available.NCC Journal Vol. 3, No. 1, 2018, Page: 181-184
Chemical-free Processing of Sweet Sorghum Juice of Cultivar Sucrosorgho 506
Authors: Cséfalvay Edit , Bakacsi Zoltán
Published: June 2018

The development of sweet sorghum syrup producing technology for the juice of cultivar Sucrosorgho 506 was completed. The applicability of different existing syrup production technologies including sugar beet-based sugar production technology, and sugar cane processing technology was also tested. The new chemical-free syrup production technology was realized at laboratory-scale and large laboratory-scale. The proposed technology offers a chemical free separation and concentration of carbohydrates, and consists of centrifugal separation; ultrafiltration extended with an approved sterilization followed by nanofiltration to separate carbohydrates and inorganics, and finally a vacuum evaporation to reach syrup state. By using this technology the initial glucose:fructose:sucrose ratio could be preserved in the syrup, therefore not limiting its further use. The possible food application was established by sensory analysis. It was revealed that the syrup produced via the developed process obtained the most attractive character that enables the opportunity to use as natural sweetener.
Dissecting Wheat Grain Yield Drivers in a Mapping Population in the UK
Authors: Pennacchi João P. , Carmo-Silva Elizabete , Andralojc P. John , Feuerhelm David , Powers Stephen J. , Parry Martin A. J.
Published: June 2018

Improving crop yields arises as a solution to ensure food security in the future scenarios of a growing world population, changes in food consumption patterns, climate change, and limitations on resources allocated to agriculture. Defining traits that can be reliable cornerstones to yield improvement and understanding of their interaction and influence on yield formation is an important part of ensuring the success of breeding programs for high yields. Traits that can drive yield increases, such as light interception and conversion efficiency, as well as carbon assimilation and allocation, were intensively phenotyped in a double-haploid wheat mapping population grown under field conditions in the UK. Traits were analysed for their correlation to yield, genetic variation, and broad-sense heritability. Canopy cover and reflectance, biomass production, and allocation to stems and leaves, as well as flag leaf photosynthesis at a range of light levels measured pre- and post-anthesis correlated with plant productivity and contributed to explaining different strategies of wheat lines to attain high grain yields. This research mapped multiple traits related to light conversion into biomass. The findings highlight the need to phenotype traits throughout the growing season and support the approach of targeting photosynthesis and its components as traits for breeding high yielding wheat.
Novel Polyethers from Screening Actinoallomurus spp.
Authors: Iorio Marianna , Tocchetti Arianna , Cruz Joao Carlos Santos , Del Gatto Giancarlo , Brunati Cristina , Maffioli Sonia Ilaria , Sosio Margherita , Donadio Stefano
Published: June 2018

In screening for novel antibiotics, an attractive element of novelty can be represented by screening previously underexplored groups of microorganisms. We report the results of screening 200 strains belonging to the actinobacterial genus Actinoallomurus for their production of antibacterial compounds. When grown under just one condition, about half of the strains produced an extract that was able to inhibit growth of Staphylococcus aureus. We report here on the metabolites produced by 37 strains. In addition to previously reported aminocoumarins, lantibiotics and aromatic polyketides, we described two novel and structurally unrelated polyethers, designated α-770 and α-823. While we identified only one producer strain of the former polyether, 10 independent Actinoallomurus isolates were found to produce α-823, with the same molecule as main congener. Remarkably, production of α-823 was associated with a common lineage within Actinoallomurus, which includes A. fulvus and A. amamiensis. All polyether producers were isolated from soil samples collected in tropical parts of the world.
Micromechanical Multiscale Modeling of ITZ-Driven Failure of Recycled Concrete: Effects of Composition and Maturity on the Material Strength
Authors: Königsberger Markus , Staquet Stéphanie
Published: June 2018

Recycled concrete, i.e., concrete which contains aggregates that are obtained from crushing waste concrete, typically exhibits a smaller strength than conventional concretes. We herein decipher the origin and quantify the extent of the strength reduction by means of multiscale micromechanics-based modeling. Therefore, the microstructure of recycled concrete is represented across four observation scales, spanning from the micrometer-sized scale of cement hydration products to the centimeter-sized scale of concrete. Recycled aggregates are divided into three classes with distinct morphological features: plain aggregates which are clean of old cement paste, mortar aggregates, and aggregates covered by old cement paste. Macroscopic loading is concentrated via interfacial transition zones (ITZs)—which occur mutually between aggregates, old, and new cement paste—to the micrometer-sized hydrates resolved at the smallest observation scale. Hydrate failure within the most unfavorably loaded ITZ is considered to trigger concrete failure. Modeling results show that failure in either of the ITZs might be critical, and that the failure mode is governed by the mutual stiffness contrast between aggregates, old, and new paste, which depend, in turn, on the concrete composition and on the material’s maturity. The model predicts that the strength difference between recycled concrete and conventional concrete is less pronounced (i) at an early age compared to mature ages, (ii) when the old cement paste content is small, and (iii) when recycling a high-quality parent concrete.
Disentangling Strategic and Opportunistic Looting: The Relationship between Antiquities Looting and Armed Conflict in Egypt
Authors: Fabiani Michelle D.
Published: June 2018

Antiquities are looted from archaeological sites across the world, seemingly more often in areas of armed conflict. While this is not the only context in which antiquities are looted, it is an important context and one for which much is still unknown. Previously, the relationship between antiquities looting and armed conflict has been assessed with qualitative case studies and journalistic evidence due to a lack of systematically collected data. This study considers the relationship between antiquities looting and armed conflict in Egypt from 1997 to 2014 with a newly collected time series dataset. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Models (ARDL) with a bounds testing approach are used to assess both the overall relationship between these two phenomena and their temporal ordering. This article finds that antiquities looting and armed conflict are, indeed, statistically related; and that antiquities looting more often precedes armed conflict rather than the other way around. This finding suggests that looting is more strategic than opportunistic. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Chaperonology: The Third Eye on Brain Gliomas
Authors: Graziano Francesca , Bavisotto C. Caruso , Gammazza A. Marino , Rappa Francesca , De Macario Everly Conway , Macario Albert J. L. , Cappello Francesco , Campanella Claudia , Maugeri Rosario , Iacopino Domenico Gerardo
Published: June 2018

The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/National Cancer Institute of Canada Phase III trial has validated as a current regimen for high-grade gliomas (HGG) a maximal safe surgical resection followed by radiotherapy with concurrent temozolamide. However, it is essential to balance maximal tumor resection with preservation of the patient’s neurological functions. Important developments in the fields of pre-operative and intra-operative neuro-imaging and neuro-monitoring have ameliorated the survival rate and the quality of life for patients affected by HGG. Moreover, even though the natural history remains extremely poor, advancement in the molecular and genetic fields have opened up new potential frontiers in the management of this devastating brain disease. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive account of the main current pre-operative, intra-operative and molecular approaches to HGG with particular attention to specific chaperones, also called heat shock proteins (Hsps), which represent potential novel biomarkers to detect and follow up HGG, and could also be therapeutic agents.
Oncolytic Viruses for Multiple Myeloma Therapy
Authors: Calton Christine M. , Kelly Kevin R. , Anwer Faiz , Carew Jennifer S. , Nawrocki Steffan T.
Published: June 2018

Although recent treatment advances have improved outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the disease frequently becomes refractory to current therapies. MM thus remains incurable for most patients and new therapies are urgently needed. Oncolytic viruses are a promising new class of therapeutics that provide tumor-targeted therapy by specifically infecting and replicating within cancerous cells. Oncolytic therapy yields results from both direct killing of malignant cells and induction of an anti-tumor immune response. In this review, we will describe oncolytic viruses that are being tested for MM therapy with a focus on those agents that have advanced into clinical trials.
TGF-β Sustains Tumor Progression through Biochemical and Mechanical Signal Transduction
Authors: Furler Robert L. , Nixon Douglas F. , Brantner Christine A. , Popratiloff Anastas , Uittenbogaart Christel H.
Published: June 2018

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling transduces immunosuppressive biochemical and mechanical signals in the tumor microenvironment. In addition to canonical SMAD transcription factor signaling, TGF-β can promote tumor growth and survival by inhibiting proinflammatory signaling and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In this article, we review how TGF-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) activation lies at the intersection of proinflammatory signaling by immune receptors and anti-inflammatory signaling by TGF-β receptors. Additionally, we discuss the role of TGF-β in the mechanobiology of cancer. Understanding how TGF-β dampens proinflammatory responses and induces pro-survival mechanical signals throughout cancer development is critical for designing therapeutics that inhibit tumor progression while bolstering the immune response.
Molecular Genetics and Breeding for Nutrient Use Efficiency in Rice
Authors: Ali Jauhar , Jewel Zilhas Ahmed , Mahender Anumalla , Anandan Annamalai , Hernandez Jose , Li Zhikang
Published: June 2018

In the coming decades, rice production needs to be carried out sustainably to keep the balance between profitability margins and essential resource input costs. Many fertilizers, such as N, depend primarily on fossil fuels, whereas P comes from rock phosphates. How long these reserves will last and sustain agriculture remains to be seen. Therefore, current agricultural food production under such conditions remains an enormous and colossal challenge. Researchers have been trying to identify nutrient use-efficient varieties over the past few decades with limited success. The concept of nutrient use efficiency is being revisited to understand the molecular genetic basis, while much of it is not entirely understood yet. However, significant achievements have recently been observed at the molecular level in nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency. Breeding teams are trying to incorporate these valuable QTLs and genes into their rice breeding programs. In this review, we seek to identify the achievements and the progress made so far in the fields of genetics, molecular breeding and biotechnology, especially for nutrient use efficiency in rice.
Overexpression of CBX3 in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Promotes Cell Cycle Transition-Associated Tumor Progression
Authors: Chen Lian-Yu , Cheng Chien-Shan , Qu Chao , Wang Peng , Chen Hao , Meng Zhi-Qiang , Chen Zhen
Published: June 2018

Background: Previous studies showed that Chromobox protein homolog 3 (CBX3) was overexpressed in several types of human cancers, however its pattern and role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) has not yet been understood. The aim of this study was to identify the expression and function of CBX3 in PAAD. Methods: Data of transcriptomic and protein expression of CBX3 in PAAD were collected from different databases and analyzed. The in vitro and in vivo role of CBX3 in PAAD was examined. Results: CBX3 was overexpressed in human PAAD tissues, which was associated with poor prognosis of overall and disease-free survival of the patients. Overexpression of CBX3 induced the in vitro proliferation, anchorage-free growth, migration and invasion of the PAAD cells, and led to in vivo growth of orthotoptic PAAD tumors in mice. GO and KEGG pathway analysis, as well as experimental observation showed that CBX3 may be associated with cell cycle transition of PAAD cells, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) may mediate the tumor-promoting action of CBX3. CDK1 knockdown attenuated the cell cycle transition, proliferation and invasion of CBX3-overexpressing PAAD cells. Conclusion: Our findings suggest the tumor-promoting role of CBX3 in PAAD to be targeted by novel therapeutic strategies.
Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Shifting Prognostic Paradigms
Authors: Barnet Megan B. , Cooper Wendy A. , Boyer Michael J. , Kao Steven
Published: June 2018

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the adjuvant, first- and subsequent-line settings. In metastatic disease, they provide hope of durable response where “best-case” scenario has long been inadequate. This progress has highlighted the immunogenic nature of NSCLC and invigorated research into immunotherapy in the field. In this review we consider the foundations of immunotherapy in NSCLC, canvass the current research and summarise the evidence guiding clinical practice.
A Low-Power Voltage Reference Cell with a 1.5 V Output
Authors: Navidi Mir Mohammad , Graham David W.
Published: June 2018

A low-power voltage reference cell for system-on-a-chip applications is presented in this paper. The proposed cell uses a combination of standard transistors and thick-oxide transistors to generate a voltage above 1 V. A design procedure is also presented for minimizing the temperature coefficient (TC) of the reference voltage. This circuit was fabricated in a standard 0.35 μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process. It generates a 1.52 V output with a TC of 42 ppm/∘C from −70 ∘C to 85 ∘C while consuming only 1.11 μW.
Physical, Electrical, and Reliability Considerations for Copper BEOL Layout Design Rules
Authors: Shauly Eitan N.
Published: June 2018

The continuous scaling needed for better performance and higher density has introduced some new challenges to the back end of line (BEOL) in terms of layout and design. Reductions in metal line width, spacing, and thickness require major changes in both process and design environments. Advanced deep-submicron layout design rules (DRs) should now consider many new proximity effects and reliability concerns due to high electrical fields and currents, planarization-related coverage effects, etc. It is, therefore, necessary to redefine many of the common DRs. For example, space rules now have a complex definition, including both line width and parallel length. In addition, new rules have been introduced to represent the challenges of reliability such as stress-induced voids, time-dependent dielectric breakdowns of intermetal dielectrics, dependency on misalignment, sensitivity to double patterning, etc. This review describes a set of copper (Cu) BEOL layout design rules, as used in technologies featuring lengths ranging from 0.15 μm to 20 nm. The verification of layout rules and sensitivity issues related to them are presented. Reliability-related aspects of some rules, like space, width, and via density, are also discussed with additional design-for-manufacturing layout recommendations.
Health Degradation Monitoring and Early Fault Diagnosis of a Rolling Bearing Based on CEEMDAN and Improved MMSE
Authors: Lv Yong , Yuan Rui , Wang Tao , Li Hewenxuan , Song Gangbing
Published: June 2018

Rolling bearings play a crucial role in rotary machinery systems, and their operating state affects the entire mechanical system. In most cases, the fault of a rolling bearing can only be identified when it has developed to a certain degree. At that moment, there is already not much time for maintenance, and could cause serious damage to the entire mechanical system. This paper proposes a novel approach to health degradation monitoring and early fault diagnosis of rolling bearings based on a complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) and improved multivariate multiscale sample entropy (MMSE). The smoothed coarse graining process was proposed to improve the conventional MMSE. Numerical simulation results indicate that CEEMDAN can alleviate the mode mixing problem and enable accurate intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and improved MMSE can reflect intrinsic dynamic characteristics of the rolling bearing more accurately. During application studies, rolling bearing signals are decomposed by CEEMDAN to obtain IMFs. Then improved MMSE values of effective IMFs are computed to accomplish health degradation monitoring of rolling bearings, aiming at identifying the early weak fault phase. Afterwards, CEEMDAN is performed to extract the fault characteristic frequency during the early weak fault phase. The experimental results indicate the proposed method can obtain a better performance than other techniques in objective analysis, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method in practical application. The theoretical derivations, numerical simulations, and application studies all confirmed that the proposed health degradation monitoring and early fault diagnosis approach is promising in the field of prognostic and fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.
Effect of Temperature Distribution in Ultrasonically Welded Joints of Copper Wire and Sheet Used for Electrical Contacts
Authors: Pradeep Kumar Jeyaraj
Published: June 2018

The temperature distribution occurring at the interface while joining a simple electrical contact comprising of a copper wire and a copper sheet using ultrasonic metal welding was analyzed using finite element method. Heat flux due to plastic deformation and friction was calculated and provided as input load for simulation of temperature distribution. The results of temperature obtained from simulation are found to be in good agreement with the results of temperature from experiments measured using thermocouple. Special focus was given to how the heat generated at the wire–sheet interface affect the strength of the joint in tension. With the knowledge of heat generated at the interface while welding, it is possible to control the strength of the joint and produce defect free joints. Based on the results from finite element analysis and experiments, it is observed that the influence of heat developed due to friction and plastic deformation of metallic specimens has a significant effect on the progress of welding and strength of the joint.
Stabilization of Loess Using Nano-SiO2
Authors: Kong Ran , Zhang Fanyu , Wang Gonghui , Peng Jianbing
Published: June 2018

Improving the performance of loess is of significant importance for lowering its collapsibility and water sensitivity to construction requirements and for geohazard mitigation. The present paper studies the changes in mechanical, structural, and mineralogical properties of nano-SiO2-treated loess with different contents and curing days. The mechanical behavior was examined by unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of untreated and treated loess. To better understand the mechanisms of stabilization, particle size distributions, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were carried out. The results show that the UCS increase with increasing contents and curing days due to nano-SiO2 addition produced coarser particles, denser packing, and smaller pores in treated loess. The changes in the properties can be attributed to the formation of aggregation and agglomeration, with greater particle sizes and more interparticle contact. In addition, the results from mineralogical component analysis further confirm that physical structure modification controls the changes in mechanical and fabric properties, rather than chemical component alteration. Even small nano-SiO2 additions can also provide great improvement when curing days are enough for the treated loess. These findings reveal that nano-SiO2 has the potential to serve as a cost-effective stabilized additive that treats the universal loess.