bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The book as a «place of memory»: on the methods of preservation of cultural and historical heritage (based on the materials of the Republic of Mordovia)
Authors: Bikeykin E. N. , Guseva T. M. , Kursheva G. A. , Pershin S. V.
Published: May 2020

The article focuses on the study of possibilities of implementing the concept of historical memory, which has been widely used in recent scientific and practical activities. The following tasks contributed to the realization of the intended goal: analysis of historiographical situation that contributed to the formation of a new scientific direction; study of the method of publishing sources; consideration of the prospect of using collections of documents and materials in the practice of memorialization. The research is based on the concept of historical memory, which is reflected in the works of A. Bergson, M. Halbwachs, Ya. Assman, P. Riker, P. Nor, and others. When writing the article, the achievements of domestic researchers Zh. Toshchenko, L. Repin, and L. Mazur were actively used. Methods of source studies, comparative, critical, conceptual and problem analysis of texts contributed to a comprehensive disclosure of the topic. The relevance of the article is connected with a few aspects: 1) one of the perspective concepts used by scientists in the study of the problem of preserving historical and cultural heritage is the concept of place of memory; 2) defining the formation of cultural and historical code as the main task of historical memory, the authors of the article suggested that collections of documents and materials to a much greater extent than many other phenomena of material and spiritual culture can be identified in the modern humanitarian space as significant places of memory. Such symbolic constructs are particularly relevant for localities and regions of Russia, where a significant part of archaeological and architectural monuments has been destroyed or is at the last stage of destruction. The material of the study was unique eyewitness accounts of historical events included in the Set of documents on the history and culture of Mordovia. The analysis of experience of Mordovian scientists, who identified and published a significant body of historical sources in the shortest possible time, showed their wide thematic and chronological range. Thematically, military-patriotic publications that chronologically relate to the first half of the XIX and the first half of the XX century predominate. Presenting modern publications of sources as an established form of translation and actualization of cultural meanings, a way of preserving historical and cultural heritage, the authors suggested that purposeful activities to expand such places of memory (such as collections of documents and materials) should be expanded and deepened. Its promising areas are the key problems of regional history national policy of the 1920-ies and 1930-ies, collectivization, industrialization, and so on.
Epistolary heritage as a source for studying the problems of transformation of collective memory
Authors: Naumov S. S.
Published: May 2020

The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze historical stories that were updated in the space of collective memory of residents of large Siberian cities (Omsk and Novosibirsk) in the conditions of democratic transformations in the country and society in 19852000; to achieve this goal, the author set the following tasks: to establish the factors of evolution of collective memory that arose during the period under review; to identify new features of translation of memory about the past; to reveal the stages and content of reflection of residents of large cities of Western Siberia on the theme of the historical past, taking into account the transformations that took place in the sphere of collective memory. The problems of studying the collective memory of modern Russian society, the politics of memory, and the factors of manipulation of historical consciousness have caused acute scientific and journalistic discussions for several years. An informative (due to its mass character) source for studying the transformations of collective memory is the letters of the citizens of the country as a response to various published materials related to the history of the country. The relevance of this topic is justified by the need to understand the processes that led to the formation of the views of residents of post-Soviet Russia about the past. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of previously unclaimed archival sources that illustrate the process of evolution of the views of ordinary people on Russian history and, directly, the history of Siberia. The research was carried out within the framework of the problem field memory studies, which is characterized by the development of new interdisciplinary methods and approaches in the study of specific features of collective memory, as well as practices of historical policy; traditional retrospective and genetic methods of historical research were also used. Based on the reference to Omsk and Novosibirsk materials, we conclude that the stories on the theme of collective memory that were updated in the years of perestroika and the post-perestroika period are similar. First of all, these are the events of the revolution and Civil War in Russia, the events of the period of the 1920-ies1930-ies, the Great Patriotic war, but, at the same time, uncharacteristic for collective ideas about the past before 1985, an appeal to pre-revolutionary history, as well as a high degree of emphasis on the problems of modernity in their binding to historical facts. Transformations of ideas about the past in the 19851990-ies are characterized as global, which served as an impetus to the awakening of civil activity in society. The stages of strengthening and weakening of people's interest in historical subjects are determined depending on various political and socio-economic factors.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in four phenotypes of PCOS and its relationship with androgenic components among Iranian women: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zaeemzadeh Narges , Jahanian Sadatmahalleh Shahideh , Ziaei Saeideh , Kazemnejad Anoshirvan , Mottaghi Azadeh , Mohamadzadeh Neda , Movahedinejad Maryam
Published: May 2020

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Insulin resistance (IR) plays a major role in the pathophysiology of both PCOS and MetS.
Objective: This study was designed to compare the prevalence of MetS among different phenotypes of PCOS and its relationship with androgenic components.
Materials and Methods: 182 participants eligible for this five-group comparative study were selected by convenience sampling method. They were classified according to the Rotterdam criteria: clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism (H) + PCOS on ultrasound (P) + ovulation disorders (O) (n = 41), clinical and/or biochemical H + PCOS on P (n = 33), PCOS on P + O (n = 40), clinical and/or biochemical H + O (n = 37), and control (without PCOS) (n = 31). MetS was measured based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Androgenic components included free androgen- index (FAI), total-testosterone (TT) level and sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG).
Results: A significant difference was observed between the study groups in terms of MetS prevalence (p = 0.01). In phenotype H+P+O, there was a statistically significant positive association between TG and TT, and a significant negative association between SBP and DBP with SHBG. In phenotype O+P, WC was inversely associated with SHBG. In phenotype H+O, FBS and TG were positively associated with FAI but HDL was inversely associated with FAI. Moreover, WC and DBP were positively associated with TT in phenotype H+O. No associations were detected between MetS parameters and androgenic components in other PCOS subjects (phenotype H+P) and in the control group. TT was significantly higher in the PCOS group suffering from MetS (p = 0.04).
Conclusion: According to the research results, hyperandrogenic components are potent predictors of metabolic disorders. Thus, we suggest that MetS screening is required for the prevention of MetS and its related complications in PCOS women.
Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Metabolic syndrome, Hyperandrogenism.
Toxicity study of ethanolic stem bark extract of Xylopia aethiopica on fertility indexes in male rats: An experimental study
Authors: Enoluomen Ehigiator Ben , Adikwu Elias
Published: May 2020

Background: The uses of toxicologically unscreened plants to enhance fertility can be associated with adverse consequences.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic stem back extract of X. aethiopica (EEXA) on the fertility indices of male albino rats.
Materials and Methods: Sixty male albino rats (weighing 200-250 gr) were grouped and administered by gavage with 200-800 mg/kg of EEXA daily for 15, 30, and 60 days. After the administration of EEXA, the rats were weighed and sacrificed. Blood samples were collected, serum samples were extracted, and evaluated for testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, estradiol, luteinizing hormone and progesterone levels. The testes, epididymis, and prostrate were harvested, weighed and testes were evaluated for sperm parameters.
Results: Significant increase in body weight (p = 0.02) with significant decreases in testes (p = 0.01), epididymis (p = 0.01), and prostate (p = 0.02) weights occurred in rats administered with EEXA when compared to the control group. Significant (p < 0.001) dose and time- dependent decreases in sperm count, volume, motility, and normal morphology were obtained in rats administered with EEXA when compared to the control group. However, there were no significant (p > 0.05) effects on sperm pH when compared to control. Furthermore, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and testosterone levels were significantly decreased whereas serum prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone levels were significantly increased in a dose-dependent fashion in rats administered with EEXA when compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The findings in this study showed that the use of X. aethiopica may be detrimental to male reproduction function.
Key words: Xylopia aethiopica, Toxicity, Sperm, Hormone, Rat.
The prophylactic effect of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit extract on testicular toxicity induced by formaldehyde: An experimental study
Authors: Zaren Mahdieh , Haghpanah Tahereh , Asadi Shekari Majid , Hassan Eftekhar-Vaghefi Seyed
Published: May 2020

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is one of the most widely used materials in industries and in sciences. Prolonged contact with FA might have harmful effects on fertility due to the increase in the reactive oxygen species level. On the other hand, date palm (Phoenix Dactilifera L.) fruit extract (DPFE) contains a high concentration of natural antioxidants that could scavenge free radicals.
Objective: The aim was to investigate the prophylactic effects of DPFE, with strong antioxidant properties, on FA-induced testicular toxicity in male mice.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult NMRI male mice with a weight range of 25- 35 gr (9-10 wk old) were randomly divided into four groups: control group (distilled water, orally for 35 days), FA group (FA; 0.25 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 20 days), treatment group (Date (DT) + FA; DPFE, 4 mg/kg for 35 days followed by FA administration, 0.25 mg/kg, i.p., for 20 days), date fruit extract group (DT; DPFE, 4 mg/kg, orally for 35 days). After this, blood was collected and left epididymis and testis tissues were isolated to evaluate the sperm parameters and histological examination, respectively.
Results: The FA administration increased the sperm morphological anomalies and reduced the sperm count, viability and motility, and also testosterone compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.001). In addition, histological studies of the testes showed that FA causes changes in the testis seminiferous tubules such as destruction of germinal epithelium and vacuolization of the tubules. The DPFE consumption before FA administration could partially ameliorate the reduced testosterone, sperm, and testicular parameters due to FA.
Conclusion: The DPFE use might have discount effects on FA-induced testicular toxicity.
Key words: Formaldehyde, Date fruit, Testis, Toxicity, Sperm, Testosterone.
Laparoscopia oficinal bajo anestesia local y sedación consciente
Authors: Saavedra Jaime
Published: May 2020

La laparoscopia bajo anestesia local traza su concepción muy cercanamente con el desarrollo de la laparoscopia misma, inicialmente ésta se implementó como un procedimiento bajo anestesia local y no como un procedimiento con anestesia general. Su desarrollo ha sido acelerado colocándose en el primer plano de la laparoscopia, debido a las preocupaciones que generaron los altos costos del procedimiento con anestesia general.La micro laparoscopia bajo anestesia local es uno de los avances recientes de la cirugía mismamente invasiva, que combina dos técnicas, al quirófano convencional.La laparoscopia bajo anestesia local está indicada para procedimientos diagnósticos y procedimientos quirúrgicos simples.El requerimiento más importante para el éxito de la laparoscopia bajo anestesia local es la determinación del paciente de que se le realice el procedimiento bajo esta técnica.
Preeclampsia y anticuerpos antifosfolípidos
Authors: Gómez Jiménez Jorge Mario , Aguirre Zimerman Natalia , Quintero Galeano Alejandro , Gómez Gallego Jader
Published: May 2020

Presentamos una actualización del conocimiento acerca de la asociación entre la preeclampsia y los anticuerpos antifosfolípidos, con el ánimo de optimizar el enfoque diagnostico y terapéutico que ofrecemos a nuestras pacientes y sentar las bases que permitan plantear hipótesis para iniciar investigaciones que ayuden a los profesionales que responden por las enfermas a su mejor comprensión y atención.
Quiste folicular gigante luteinizado del embarazo y el puerperio: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Sánchez Lilia , Sabogal Juan Carlos
Published: May 2020

Mujer de 23 años con embarazo de 37 semanas de EG y diagnóstico ecográfico de masa quística anexial derecha clÍnicamente benigna, quien fue llevada a cesarea para atención del parto t reseccion de la masa. El estudio anatomopatologico del tumor mostró un quiste folicular Gigante Solitario Luteinizado (QFGSL) del embarazo. El manejo quirúrgico de la paciente fue conservador, con una evolución adecuada y óptimo pronóstico. Se discuten los aspectos referentes a la historia natural de la enfermedad, las características anatomopatológicas y la posible patogenia.
Factores que afectan el proceso de vigilancia epidemiológica de la mortalidad materna en el departamento del Cauca
Authors: Delgado Noguera Mario , Daza Córdoba Carmen
Published: May 2020

ANTECEDENTES: En el departamento del Cauca la tasa de mortalidad materna se ha incrementado. En el periodo 1991-1996 ha pasado de 1.5 a 2.3 muertes por 1000 nacidos vivos. Esta tasa se sitúa por encima de la nacional. La vigilancia en salud pública se ha visto afectada por el cambio de régimen de seguridad social.DISEÑO: Investigación cualitativa por medio de grupos localesCONTEXTO: Grupos encargados de la vigilancia epidemiológica de la mortalidad materna en hospitales locales de 14 municipios del departamento del CaucaPARTICIPANTES: 14 grupos de Vigilancia reunidos en 4 grupos locales, muestreados por convenienciaPRINCIPALES MEDICIONES: Los grupos de vigilancia se reunieron en 4 grupos locales agrupados por vecindad geográfica y cultural por medio de grabación de audio y video. El análisis se realizó por medio de las técnicas de identificación de temas y densidad de incidencia.RESULTADOS: Los principales factores identificados por los grupos: Falta de continuidad del personal a cargo, Influencia negativa del proceso de aplicación de la nueva ley de seguridad social, Registro de datos de la mortalidad materna sin análisis, déficit de un sistema estructurado de Vigilancia en salud pública.CONCLUSIONES: Los grupos locales permitieron identificar debilidades en la aplicación de una política estructurada de la dirección departamental de salud con respecto a la vigilancia de la mortalidad materna. Los intentos de aplicación de una política y un sistema de información en este aspecto han encontrado dificultades por la implementación del nuevo régimen de seguridad social en Colombia.
Papel del andrólogo en la salud reproductiva
Authors: Narváez R. Héctor , Saavedra S. Jaime
Published: May 2020

La andrología es una ciencia que tuvo gran desarrollo en la década de los años 40. Como todas las ciencias, ha sufrido una auténtica transformación como resultado de la incorporación de la tecnología cada vez más sofisticada haciendo posible logros terapéuticos sorprendentes. Tanto la infertilidad masculina como las disfunciones sexuales constituyen las áreas fundamentales de la especialidad. Los avances conseguidos en los últimos años han modificado la actividad del andrólogo adaptando a su práctica a la labor de equipo en los centros de reproducción humana. Mediante esta revisión damos a conocer los aspectos destacados que ayuden a perfilar las actuales competencias y expectativas de nuestra especialidad.
Metabolismo de los lípidos durante el embarazo
Authors: Osorio O. José Henry
Published: May 2020

El flujo neto de nutrientes, electrolitos, vitaminas, y otros compuestos de la madre a el feto es necesario para asegurar un suministro constante para el metabolismo energético fetal así como para el crecimiento y diferenciación de tejidos. En la formación de sistemas fetales como el nervioso y en el balance de requerimientos extra de energía en el embarazo avanzado es indispensable la utilización de los lípidos. En la presente revisión podemos recordar los mecanismos básicos y la secuencia de eventos metabólicos relacionados con estos durante la gestación.
Laparotomía, laparoscopia diagnóstica, laparoscopia operatoria: análisis de costos
Authors: Argüello Argüello Ramiro
Published: May 2020

Se analizan los costos en un caso representativo de Dolor Pélvico Crónico, Se demuestra cómo la práctica de la laparoscopia diagnóstica, sin la posibilidad de un procedimiento laparoscópico operatorio en el mismo acto quirúrgico, puede llevar a una laparotomía en un tiempo quirúrgico posterior. En Colombia esto puede causar aumentos en el costo de la atención de la paciente entre un 97 a 124%.
Cost-effective programs for the noncommunicable diseases prevention. Part 2: level of community, family and medical specialist
Authors: Kobyakova O. S. , Malykh R. D. , Kulikov E. S. , Deev I. A. , Starovoytova E. A. , Kirillova N. A. , Balaganskaya M. A. , Zagromova T. A.
Published: May 2020

The problem of the widespread prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors (RF) has not lost its relevance already for many years. In 2017, World Health Organization (WHO) published cost-effective solutions and other recommended interventions for the prevention and control of NCDs. For each behavioral RF and category of disease, measures are listed with an assessment of their cost-effectiveness. In this review, the measures presented by WHO are analyzed in terms of their application at three out of the six levels identified by the authors: community, family, medical specialist. Human health is known to be only 1015 % dependent on medical support. However, medical specialists are completely responsible for some types of prevention, as well as the management of NCDs. At the same time, only a small number of novel studies on the prevention and management of NCDs are devoted to activities carried out at the level of communities or families. To date, it is necessary to take these levels into account when developing comprehensive preventive measures of the “life-long cycle”. The review provides examples of preventive programs aimed at combating unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity, consumption of alcohol and salt. It also examines the relationship of infectious and non-communicable diseases by the example of human papillomavirus infection. Possible criteria that increase the effectiveness of modern preventive measures have been identified.
Unique Features of Asset Securitization of Europe and Japan
Authors: Akhmedov Akbarali
Published: May 2020

Asset securitization practices are almost non-existent in the activities of financial institutions of Uzbekistan. The article explores theoretical and practical approaches to asset securitization. It analyzes asset securitization of Europe and Japan using comparative evaluation, scientific abstraction and systematic review methods. The problem areas were studied and conclusions made on them. Several solutions have been proposed to introduce asset securitization processes in Uzbekistan.
Suça Sürüklenen Çocuklar ve Suç Mağduru Çocuklara Yönelik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: KARATAŞ Sevcan
Published: May 2020

Dünyada ve ülkemizde çocuk ve ergenlere yönelik adli vaka sayısı artış göstermektedir. Adli değerlendirme sürecinde çocuk ve ergenler bir suçun faili veya mağduru olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İhmal ve istismar edilen çocuk/ergenlerin suça karışma ihtimalleri, suça karışan çocuk-ergenlerin de ihmal ve istismara uğrama ihtimalleri oldukça yüksektir. Her iki durumda da çocuğun ruhsal sağlığının ve yaşam kalitesinin olumsuz olarak etkilendiği bilinmelidir. Bu nedenle özellikle ruh sağlığı alanında hizmet veren sağlık çalışanları daha fazla bilgi ve tecrübeye gereksinim duymaktadır. Çocukların bedensel, zihinsel ya da ruhsal sağlığına zarar veren, gelişimlerini engelleyen tutum ve davranışlar; fiziksel istismar, cinsel istismar, duygusal istismar ve ihmal olmak üzere çocukları dört şekilde örseleyebilmektedir. Sağlık çalışanlarının ihmal ve istismara neden olabilecek risk faktörlerini tanıyabilmesi ve bu süreçte öncelikle koruyucu olarak rol alabilmesi oldukça önemlidir. İstismar veya ihmal olgusu gerçekleştikten sonra çocuk ve ergende ortaya çıkacak ruhsal travmaları tamir etmek koruyucu önlemler almaktan çok daha karmaşık ve zor bir hal almaktadır. Bu nedenle ihmal ve istismar açısından riskli grupların belirlenerek koruyucu önlemler alınması en değerli adımı oluşturacaktır. Toplumsal düzeyde istismar/ihmal riskleri ve korunma yolları ile ilgili farkındalığın arttırılması hem çocukların istismardan korunmalarını hem de olası bir istismarla nasıl baş edebileceklerini öğrenmelerini sağlayacaktır.
Historia pública y pensamiento histórico. Nuevos enfoques metodológicos para aprender la Guerra de la Independencia española = Public History and historical thinking. New methodological approaches to learn the Peninsular War
Authors: Moreno Vera Juan Ramón
Published: May 2020

Resumen: En la presente investigación se analizan los resultados de aprendizaje del alumnado de Educación Secundaria con respecto al estudio de la Guerra de la Independencia española, a través de nuevos enfoques metodológicos como los derivados del pensamiento histórico, el trabajo cooperativo y el Puzzle de Aronson. El estudio, llevado a cabo en el IES L’Alluser (Mutxamel, Alicante) con 75 estudiantes de 4º ESO, ha sido completado a través de un cuestionario, como instrumento de evaluación y, su posterior análisis con el paquete estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics 24, mediante un análisis descriptivo de frecuencias y porcentajes. Los resultados muestran que el alumnado prefiere trabajar mediante estrategias cooperativas, que mejoran su capacidad de búsqueda de información a través de las fuentes, y que esta metodología ayuda a incrementan la capacidad de pensamiento histórico de los discentes, incluyendo los temas invisibles.Palabras clave: Historia Pública, EnseñanzaAprendizaje, Educación Secundaria, Metodología Didáctica, Guerra de la Independencia española.Abstract: This research analyses the learning outcomes of a group of Compulsory Secondary Education (CSE) students working on the Peninsular War on the basis of new methodological approaches, namely Historical Thinking, cooperation and Aronson’s Jigsaw. The study was carried out in L’Alluser Secondary School (Mutxamel, Alicante) with 75 students in Year 4 of CSE. Students were requested to fill a questionnaire, to be used as an assessment tool. It was then   analysed using the statistical IBM SPSS Statistics 24 package through the description of frequencies and percentages. The results show that (1) students prefer cooperative, rather than individual strategies in history education. (2) their capacity to do research using a variety of sources improves (3) this methodology helps students to improve their historical thinking abilities, including invisible topics (4).Keywords: Public History, Teaching & Learning, Secondary Education, Teaching Methodology, Peninsular War.
Carta ao Editor: O Papel dos Estudantes de Medicina na Pandemia de COVID-19 em Portugal
Authors: Gi Andreia , Rodrigues Bárbara , Dias-Ferreira João , Faria João , Pedro João Fernandes , Oliveira João , Viegas Maria H. , Ribeiro Marta
Published: May 2020

N/a.
Les représentations de l’animal et du bien-être animal par les éleveurs français
Authors: DOCKES A.C. , KLING-EVEILLARD F.
Published: May 2020

Plusieurs travaux récents ont permis d’appréhender les représentations des éleveurs, vis-à-vis de l’animal et du bien-être animal. Ils mettent en évidence un certain nombre d’éléments communs à tous les éleveurs : la place centrale de l’animal dans la définition du métier, la relation professionnelle aux animaux, le rôle central de l’observation dans le métier d’éleveur… Ils montrent la diversité des représentations de l’élevage, des animaux d’élevage et des pratiques, en fonction du type d’animaux, de l’histoire personnelle des individus et des démarches qualité dans lesquelles ils sont engagés : degré d’affectivité et d’attachement aux animaux, vision éthique de leur métier, perception des besoins des animaux… Les résultats de ces projets ouvrent des perspectives pour la recherche et le développement agricole afin de concevoir des outils pour le conseil, ainsi que des formations de techniciens ou d’éleveurs.
Le stress prénatal : état des connaissances et conséquences potentielles en élevage
Authors: ROUSSEL S. , MERLOT E. , BOISSY A. , DUVAUX-PONTER C.
Published: May 2020

Des stress vécus par une femelle pendant la gestation peuvent entraîner une modification du comportement de la progéniture comme une plus grande réactivité émotionnelle, des capacités d’apprentissage perturbées, une coordination motrice moins développée dans le jeune âge ainsi qu’un comportement sexuel féminisé pour les mâles. Ces modifications comportementales sont souvent accompagnées d’une modification du fonctionnement de l’axe corticotrope, avec en particulier un taux de base de glucocorticoïdes plus élevé ou des sécrétions plus importantes après un événement stressant. D’autres conséquences non négligeables sont mises en évidence comme une modification de la réponse immunitaire humorale et cellulaire de la portée, ainsi qu’une diminution du poids à la naissance. Cependant, une forte variabilité des effets est observée qui serait en partie liée à la nature de l’agent stressant, à son intensité, ainsi qu’à sa période d’application et au sexe de la progéniture, les femelles semblant plus sensibles que les mâles. Le stress prénatal serait expliqué par les hormones surrénaliennes sécrétées par la mère et traversant la barrière placentaire qui influenceraient le développement neuroendocrinien de la progéniture. La modification du comportement maternel induite par les stress répétés pourrait être un autre mécanisme expliquant les effets ob-servés chez le jeune. Même si l’essentiel des études a été réalisé chez les rongeurs et les primates, les rares expérimentations chez les animaux d’élevage montrent que les effets seraient loin d’être négligeables.
L’ingestion d’aliments par les vaches laitières et sa prévision au cours de la lactation
Authors: FAVERDIN P. , DELABY L. , DELAGARDE R.
Published: May 2020

La qualité de la prévision de l’ingestion est essentielle dans les calculs de ration, car l’ingestion représente la principale source de variation des apports alimentaires. Cet article a pour objectif d’expliciter les évolutions récentes du système INRA de prévision de l’ingestion chez la vache laitière. La première partie présente les relations complexes qui existent entre production de lait et ingestion qui ont abouti à l’introduction de la notion de production de lait potentielle dans l’équation de prévision de la capacité d’ingestion. La seconde partie précise les relations entre ingestion et gestion des réserves corporelles et montre la nécessité d’intégrer le rôle de ces réserves dans la prévision de l’ingestion en début de lactation. Les deux dernières parties détaillent les nouvelles équations de la capacité d’ingestion des vaches laitières et du rationnement en début de lactation ; ces équations permettent une prévision plus dynamique et plus précise des quantités ingérées au cours de la lactation.
Iatrogenic injury and regeneration of the facial nerve after parotid gland tumour surgery: a pilot study with clinical and neurophysiological assessment
Authors: Wiertel-Krawczuk Agnieszka , Huber Juliusz
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Benign tumour surgery of the parotid gland may cause iatrogenic injury of the facial nerve, with results of postoperative treatment depending on the type of injury. The study aimed to clarify the mechanism of facial nerve injury after benign tumour surgery of parotid gland.
Materials and Methods. The effectiveness was verified preoperatively and 1, 3, 6 and 17 months postoperatively. House-Brackmann scales, electroneurography, blink reflex study and needle electromyography were performed. Pharmacological treatment (Galantamine, Cocarboxylase, Dexamethasone, Triamcinolone) and supervised physiotherapeutic procedures (Facial-Oral-Tract-Therapy, Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) were applied for six months.
Results. Tumour removal led to the total paralysis of the left facial nerve, IV, III and III House-Brackmann grades were ascertained at the subsequent 3rd–5th periods of observation. In postoperative studies, electroneurography results showed full functional recovery of the frontal branch and incomplete regeneration in the marginal mandibular branch. Blink reflex examination showed proper parameters of evoked potentials only during preoperative and the last observation period. Residual voluntary activity of the frontal muscle and weak voluntary activity of orbicularis oris muscle were recorded in the needle electromyography examination. Contracture of mimic muscles at rest and improvement of their voluntary activity on the left side was observed six months after surgery compared to the early period of observation.
Conclusion. Consecutive studies showed the predominant axonal type of injury in the marginal mandibular branch and neuropraxia effect of the facial nerve, allowing the creation of a rehabilitation programme optimal for the functional recovery of the nerve.
Yin-Yang Balance of ACE/ACE2 Pathways: The Rational for Administration of ACE2 Pathway Inhibitors in Patients Infected by SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zamai Loris
Published: May 2020

The article describes the rational for inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) pathways as specific targets in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 in order to prevent the establishment of positive feedback loops triggered by COVID-19 in some predisposed subjects. Making use of a large quantity of published reports in which human/rodent ACE2 pathway inhibitors were administered in vivo, it is hypothesized a possible therapeutic pharmacological intervention through an inhibition strategy of the zinc metalloprotease ACE2 and its downstream pathway for SARS-CoV-2 patients. Of even more interest, metal (zinc) chelators and renin inhibitors (both FDA approved drugs) may also work alone or in combination in inhibiting the positive feedback loops, initially triggered by COVID-19 and subsequently sustained by hypoxia independently on viral trigger, when both arms of renin-angiotensin system (ACE2 and ACE) are upregulated, leading to critical, advanced and untreatable stages of the disease.
SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence
Authors: Godio Alberto , Pace Francesca , Vergnano Andrea
Published: May 2020

We applied a generalized SEIR epidemiological model to the recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in the world, with a focus on Italy and its Lombardia, Piemonte, and Veneto regions. We focus on the application of a stochastic approach in fitting the model numerous parameters using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) solver, to improve the reliability of predictions in the medium term (30 days). We analyze the official data and the predicted evolution of the epidemic in the Italian regions, and we compare the results with data and predictions of Spain and South Korea. We link the model equations to the changes in people’s mobility, with reference to Google’s COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. We discuss the effectiveness of policies taken by different regions and countries and how they have an impact on past and future infection scenarios.
A Normalized Mortality Rate Showed the Diverse Severity of COVID-19 and Its Association With Other Chronic Diseases
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Renjith P.R. , Priscilla C. , Kumar Ganesan Selva
Published: May 2020

Covid-19 has given a halt to all the activities in the world. Europe was most affected, followed by the United States of America. It has taken more than 225,000 lives until now. In this study, we have assessed the severity of Covid-19 by analyzing the mortality rate of Covid-19 and other chronic diseases. The Covid-19 data and “death rate” data caused by other diseases were downloaded from the world health organization (WHO) website. A normalized method was used to see the mortality rate of Covid-19 in comparison to other diseases. The deaths caused by Covid-19 in April 2020 have overtaken the average number of deaths caused by Cancer, Cardiovascular diseases, and other diseases in Belgium, Spain, France, Italy, the UK, and Ireland. Covid-19 was found to be strongly correlated with non-communicable respiratory diseases and Cancer with correlation coefficients 0.73 and 0.70 respectively. The severity of Covid-19 in the USA was moderate. The severity of Covid-19 in Asian countries was found to be low. Europe showed the highest diversity in the mortality rate of Covid-19. On average, except for a few European countries, Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and non-communicable respiratory diseases were still more lethal and caused more deaths than Covid-19.
COVID-19 in Stock Markets: A Complexity Perspective
Authors: Pereira Eder Johnson de Area Leão , Ferreira Paulo , Pereira Hernane Barros de Borges
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to analyze the effects of Covid-19 on financial markets from the perspective of Complexity. The Covid-19 pandemic has caused turmoil in financial markets and is already one of the most important financial crises in history, causing a fall in several stock markets as well as great volatility. Unlike past crises, which in most cases were caused either by problems of fiscal deficits or in the financial system, this crisis has its origin in an epidemic disease, which occurred in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread across the globe affecting transport networks, commerce and finance, and will affect the public debt of many countries. This is a systemic situation in which there is a need to consider several interconnected systems, financial instability and high financial risk, something that econophysics and some complexity theorists already do. Therefore, this paper intends to show, theoretically, the systemic and complex character of the recent financial crisis caused by Covid-19.
Lysosomotropic Active Compounds—Hidden Protection against COVID-19 / SARS-CoV-2 Infection?
Authors: Blaess Markus , Kaiser Lars , Sauer Martin , Deigner Hans-Peter
Published: May 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the largest challenges in medicine and health care worldwide in recent decades, and it is infecting and killing increasing numbers of people every day. In this paper, we discuss the possible relationships among lysosomotropism, increasing lysosomal pH, and the SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease process, and we deduce a possible approach for treatment and prophylaxis. Lysosomotropism is a biological characteristic of small molecules, such as (hydroxyl)chloroquine, amitriptyline, NB 06, or sertraline, which is present in addition to intrinsic receptor-mediated or enzymatic pharmacological effects. Lysosomotropic compounds affect prominent inflammatory messengers, such as IL1B, CCL4, CCL20, and IL6, as well as cathepsin L dependent viral entry (fusion) into host cells. Therefore, this heterogeneous group of compounds is a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections, as well as influenza A infections and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) triggered by bacterial or viral infections. Patients who have already taken medications with lysosomotropic compounds for other pre-existing conditions may benefit from this treatment in the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased lysosomal pH levels play an important role in the disease process in common skin disorders, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, thus suggesting that affected individuals might benefit from their particular conditions in the COVID-19 pandemic. We suggest data analysis of patients with these diseases, and who are treated with lysosomotropic compounds, and, if the results are promising, subsequent clinical testing of off-label therapy with clinically approved lysosomotropic compounds in the current COVID-19 pandemic and future influenza A pandemics.
Highly Sensitive Copper Heavy Metal Analysis on Nanoparticle Platinum and Palladium Electrode
Authors: Alkhawaldeh Ahmad , Alkhawaldeh Rawia
Published: May 2020

The copper deposition on the platinum and palladium nanoelectrode has been studied using cyclic voltammetry. The use of nanoelectrode platinum and palladium are defined in the study of heavy metals. The noble nanoelectrode of metal has a typical silicone processing structure. In comparison to the nanoelectrodes, the geometry of the electrode series is complex and balanced. Nanoelectrodes of platinum are found effective in detecting heavy metal. There was regular analysis of the use of the sensors. The identification constraints down to the ng /L level was accomplished by refined electrode geometry and the stripping procedures. The process was used for the study of water sample determination. Another heavy metal ion attack voltammetric reaction was studied. The SEM picture clearly observed and characterized the nanoparticle electrode by X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry.
Analytics of Antimony in Natural Water of Nanoparticle Platinum Electrode by Application Square Wave Voltammetry
Authors: Alkhawaldeh Ahmad
Published: May 2020

This study on the production of a modern natural water electrochemical antimony (II) test include the use of platinum platinum electrode electrodes. Antimony (II) was pre-concentrated on the modified electrode surface and adsorbed to the surface, oxidizing at E = -680 mV. Compared to the platinum electrode, the platinum nanoelectrode exhibited superior performance and, unexpectedly, received a higher electrochemical response. After 25 min of accumulation, time the best-defined anodic peak was obtained with 0.2 mol L-1 KNO3 pH 5.0. Using these parameters, the L-1 Sb 2 + calibration plot was linear over range 1 = 10−8 to 5x10−6 mol. The precision was tested by carrying out eight replicate measurements at a concentration of 2.5x10−5 mol. L-1; the variance coefficient was 2.9%. The method was applied to analyte determination in water samples from the river. Other metal ion attack on Sb's (II) voltammetric response has been studied. In the SEM image, the nanoparticle electrode was clearly observed and characterized by X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry
Knockdown of CENPF Inhibits the Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma Mediated by ERβ2/5 Pathway
Authors: Tang Hexiao , Bai Yuquan , Xiong Lecai , Wei Yanhong , Hu Weidong , Xu Ming , Zhou Xuefeng , Pan Gaofeng , Zhang Li , Zhu Minglin , Tang Zheng , Yang Zetian , Zhou Xiao , Cai Yi , Lanuti Michael , Zhao Jinping
Published: May 2020

The signal transduction pathways of estrogen receptors (ER) mainly includes gene pathway and non-gene pathway. Studies have shown that the gene pathway of ER is related with the expression of nuclear proteins, and this is the key issue for our current research. With the GEO database analysis, Human centromere protein F (CENPF) is highly expressed in adenocarcinoma of lung (LUAD), and the co-expression of CENPF and ERβ was found in the nucleus of LUAD cells. Meanwhile, CENPF and ERβ2/5 were related with T stage and poor prognosis (P<0.05). Knockdown of CENPF gene significantly inhibited the biological effects of LUAD cells, the tumor growth of mice and the expression of ERβ2/5 (P<0.05). Further, group experiments showed that knockdown CENPF inhibits biological effects of LUAD cells mediated by ERβ pathway. All the results indicated that both CENPF and ERβ2/5 play important roles in the progression of LUAD, and knockdown of CENPF can inhibit the progression of LUAD by inhibiting the expression of ER2/5. Thus, the development of inhibitors against ERβ2/5 subtype and CENPF remained more effective in improving the therapeutic effect of LUAD.
Complete Excision of the Jejunum and Vessels for the Treatment of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Tang Hexiao , Xiong Lecai , Bai Yuquan , Zhang Li , Zhu Minglin , Zhu Shaoping , Pan Gaofeng , Zhou Xuefeng , Xu Ming , Zhao Jinping
Published: May 2020

Herein, we reported a case of complete excision of the jejunum for the treatment of esophageal cancer. A 62-year-old male was admitted with complaints of “difficulty in eating for one month and chest pain for 10 days". For complete gastrectomy and colonic polyposis, we chose the jejunum. We completely excised the jejunum and its vessels, anastomosed to the esophageal tumor resection, with no significant complications. This case showed that complete excision of the jejunum with bowel and vessels is an alternative surgical method for the treatment of esophageal cancer with free bowel shortage and no torsion of blood vessels.
Quantum Mechanics and Electromagnetism. Non-Relativistic Theory.
Authors: Banyai Ladislaus Alexander , Bundaru Mircea
Published: May 2020

We describe here the coherent formulation of electromagnetism in the nonrelativistic quantummechanical many-body theory. We use the mathematical frame of the field theory and its quantization in the spirit of the QED. This is necessary because of the manifold of misinterpretations emerging from the hystorical development of quantum mechanics, starting from the Schrödinger equation of a single particle in the presence of given electromagnetic fields, followed by the many-body theories of many charged identical particles having just Coulomb interactions inspired from the classical electromagnetic theory of point-like charges. However, this later is known to be inconsistent due to the self-interaction. This way could not be continued further to include properly the magnetic forces between the charged particles and lead to a lot of confusion about the interpretation of the magnetic field in the Hamiltonian, as well as about the gauge invariance. We emphasize the importance of the distinction between the applied (external fields) and the field in the matter. All these problems are length properly solved within the non-relativistic QED, nevertheless the confusion dominates in all the problems related to the magnetic properties of the solid state.
The SIR and SEIR Epidemiological Models Revisited
Authors: Maassen John P.
Published: May 2020

We review and assess the classic SIR and SEIR epidemiological models regarding possible applications to the COVID-19 pandemic. In spite of numerous more complicated models, we show how the qualitative features of the solution to the SIR and SEIR models continue to provide valuable public health insights in some scenarios. Using estimated COVID-19 data as of this date, the SEIR model shows that if it were possible to reduce R0 from 2.5 to 1.25 through social distancing and other measures, the maximum fraction of the population that would become infected at any particular time would drop from 17% to 4%, provided that all of the model assumptions are satisfied. Finally, we compare the classic SIR model with a recent stochastic model with favorable results. Since this comparison underscores the importance of underlying connectivity assumptions, we conclude with Monte-Carlo simulations with specific connectivity that reproduce the classical SIR model with standard incidence.
Trends in Perception of COVID-19 in Polish Internet
Authors: Jarynowski Andrzej , Wojta-Kempa Monika , Belik Vitaly
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Due to the spread of SARS CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19 disease, there is an urgent need to analyse COVID-19 epidemic perception in Poland. This study aims to investigate social perception of coronavirus in the Internet media during the epidemic. It is a signal report highlighting the main issues in public perception and medical commutation in real time. Methods: We study the perception of COVID-19 epidemic in Polish society using quantitative analysis of its digital footprints on the Internet on platforms: Google, Twitter, YouTube, Wikipedia and electronic media represented by Event Registry, from January 2020 to 29.04.2020 (before and after official introduction to Poland on 04.03.20). We present trend analysis with a support of natural language processing techniques. Results: We identified seven temporal major clusters of interest on the topic COVID-19: 1) Chinese, 2) Italian, 3) Waiting, 4) Mitigations, 5) Social distancing and Lockdown, 6) Anti-crisis shield, 7) Restrictions releasing. There was an exponential increase of interest when the Polish government “declared war against disease” around 11/12.03.20 with a massive mitigation program. Later on, there was a decay in interest with additional phases related to social distancing and an anti-crisis legislation act with local peaks. We have found that declarations of mitigation strategies by the Polish prime minister or the minister of health gathered the highest attention of Internet users. So enacted or in force events do not affect interest to such extent. Traditional news agencies were ahead of social media (mainly Twitter) in dissemination of information. We have observed very weak or even negative correlations between a colloquial searching term 'antiviral mask' in Google, encyclopaedic definition in Wikipedia “SARS-CoV-2” as well official incidence series, implying different mechanisms governing the search for knowledge, panic related behaviour and actual risk of acquiring infection. Conclusions: Traditional and social media do not only reflect reality, but also create it. Risk perception in Poland is unrelated to actual physical risk of acquiring COVID-19. As traditional media are ahead of social media in time, we advise to choose traditional news media for a quick dissemination of information, however for a greater impact, social media should be used. Otherwise public information campaigns might have less impact on society than expected.
The Meshless Analysis of Scale Dependent Problems for Coupled Fields
Authors: Sladek Jan , Sladek Vladimir , Wen Pihua H.
Published: May 2020

The meshless Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method is developed to analyse 2-D problems for flexoelectricity and thermoelectricity. Both problems are multiphysical and scale dependent. The size-effect is considered by the strain- and electric field-gradients in the flexoelecricity and higher-grade heat flux in the thermoelectricity. The variational principle is applied to de-rive the governing equations considered constitutive equations. The order of derivatives in governing equations is higher than in equations obtained from classical theory. The coupled governing partial differential equations (PDE) are satisfied in a local weak-form on small fic-titious subdomains with a simple test function. Physical fields are approximated by the mov-ing least-squares (MLS) scheme. Applying the spatial approximations in local integral equa-tions a system of algebraic is obtained for the nodal unknowns.