bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Risks to Data Privacy Throughout European Countries
Authors: Patterson Wayne
Published: June 2023

Over 20 years ago, the surprising research by Latanya Sweeney demonstrated that publicly available database information exposed the overwhelming percentage of United States residents to information easily available in order to facilitate the capture of such personal information, through techniques we now refer to as “dumpster diving.” In particular, her research demonstrated that approximately 87% of the United States population can be identified uniquely using only the Unites States’ five digit postal code, date of birth (including year), and gender. Although this result has held up over time, given the demographic parameters used in developing this estimate, Sweeney’s technique made no attempt to develop similar estimates for other countries. In this paper, we use Sweeney’s technique in order to provide estimates of the ability of similar demographics to provide the same type of data in a number of other countries throughout the European Community and other non-EU countries in Europe. Through this mechanism, we attempt to determine the susceptibility to data privacy attacks in Europe as compared to the United States.
C.S. Technopoly: A Megagame for Teaching and Learning Cybersecurity
Authors: Kowalski Stewart , Von Seth Eduard , Zoto Erjon
Published: June 2023

In this paper we present our ongoing research where we are attempting to integrate sustainable development issues into a megagame designed to teach cybersecurity. There are several serious games that have been developed to teach and inform individuals about sustainability issues but none that deal specifically with both cybersecurity and sustainability issues. A Megagame is a multiplayer game with between 30-40 players who play in teams of 3-5 players that take on specific roles in dealing with complex problems that cover subject matters ranging from science fiction and heroic fantasy to political, economic, historical, and even cyber conflicts. We have built and tested a megagame entitled CS -Technopoly using the socio-technical framework of sustainability proposed by Geels and integrated it further with the Security by Consensus Model proposed by Kowalski. The intended learning objectives of the game, such as teaching adversarial and sustainable systems thinking by exposing the students to cyber threat intelligence reports and cyber security investments decision making, were tested by performing semi-structured interviews of a stratified sample of the participants. Preliminary results from 11 interviews from the two first trials of CS Technopoly indicate that the participating security experts found that C.S. Technopoly would be a useful tool for team building and improving collaboration between security departments and upper strategic management
A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of autonomous vehicles-pedestrians interaction
Authors: Ma Chaomin , Zhang Wanjia
Published: June 2023

In order to clarify the relevant concepts and research development process of the interaction between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles, this paper is based on the literature on the topic of "Interaction between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles" in the Web of Science database, with the help of visual knowledge graph analysis tools CiteSpace and VOSviewer. A knowledge map with keywords, countries and journals as nodes, and a knowledge map for interactive research between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles were built. This paper clarifies the research progress, research hotspots and development trends in the field of human-computer interaction between pedestrians and autonomous vehicles, and reveals the key research directions of human-machine interface (eHMI) outside the vehicle. Combining traditional literature review and bibliometric research methods, it provides Researchers and practitioners provide more detailed information on research progress in the field of human-vehicle interaction.
'Human-AI Teaming: Review of the NAS Report
Authors: Quandt Ryan
Published: June 2023

Human-machine teams offer possibilities for conceptualization and action that could be achieved by neither alone. “Human-AI Teaming,” a recent report by the National Academies of Sciences observed that teams are not reducible to their aggregation: their individual performance does not entail successful team performance. The present paper selectively reviews the report and argues that their observation supports the development of a mathematical, behavioural, and physical model of human-machine teaming as a first, essential step toward integrating AI. Joint trade-offs between structural fitness and performance underlies such a model.
ETL and ML Forecasting Modeling Process Automation System
Authors: Wu Jennifer , Bein Doina , Huang Jidong , Kurwadkar Sudarshan
Published: June 2023

Given the importance of online retailers in the market, forecasting sales has become one of the essential market strategic considerations. Modern Machine Learning tools help in forecasting sales for many online retailers. These models need refinement and automatization to increase efficiency and productivity. Suppose an automated function can be applied to capture historical data and execute forecasting models automatically; it will reduce the time and human resources for the company to manage the forecasting system. An automated data processing and forecasting model system offers the marketing department more flexible market sales forecasting. Proposed here is an automated weekly periodic sales forecasting system that integrates: the Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) data processing process and machine learning forecasting model and sends the outcomes as messages. For this study, the data is obtained for an online women's shoe retailer from three data sources (AWS Redshift, AWS S3, and Google Sheets). The system collects the sales data for 120 weeks, then passes it to an ETL process, and runs the machine learning forecasting model to forecast the sales of the retailer's products in the next week. The machine learning model is built using the random forest regressor. The top 25 products with the most popular forecasting results are selected and sent to the owner’s email for further market evaluation. The system is built as a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) using Python script on Apache Airflow. To facilitate the management of the system, the authors set up Apache Airflow in a Docker container. The whole process does not require human monitoring and management. If the project is executed on Airflow, it will notify the project owner to inspect the cause of any potential error.
A Case study on the implementation of maintenance strategies at an energy generation facility
Authors: Laseinde Timothy , Vusmuzi Mashego Steven
Published: June 2023

This paper examines a case study involving the implementation of preventative maintenance strategies gleaned from a coal power plant's turbo generator. Turbo generators are an essential and fundamental part of the power generation process. Applying the right maintenance strategies and following the right operational procedures are crucial. This is done so that the machinery can be reliable. The research was conducted at a coal-fired power plant with an eye toward the eventual switch to cleaner forms of energy production. This research is essential because it will help inform plans and operational models when renewable energy sources like solar and wind power replace coal-powered turbines. Firstly, this paper describes various approaches to turbo generator module maintenance. Secondly, recommendations for future actions are presented after discussing the effects of human factors on a coal power station.
Development of an Adaptable Seating Buck for Ergonomic Vehicle Evaluation in a VR Environment
Authors: Mueller Alexander , Schmiel Fabian , Buck Simon , Amosu Temidayo
Published: June 2023

Status quo: For the real and ergonomic validation of vehicle concepts, seating bucks and vehicle mock-ups are used in industry and research. The adaptability of these mock-ups with regard to the vehicle dimensions standardized in SAE J1100 or in the GCIE exchange list has proven to be very complicated in the past, so that seating bucks that can only be adapted to a very limited extent are still generally used in industrial applications today. The validation of the extents represented in the seating bucks usually takes place in an environment that can be experienced to a limited extent.Problem: The time required for the development and manufacturing of the seating buck is to be regarded as critical, since the development activities of the various disciplines continue on a steady basis. Due to the resulting time lag between the time of the definition of the seating buck display scope and the current development status, it cannot always be ensured that current data is tested in the seating buck. In addition, the limited representation of design-critical environmental scenarios (e.g. urban environment) leads to limited evaluation results.Method of Resolution: The objective is to provide a adaptable seating buck for vehicle evaluation, in which all tactilely and haptically perceivable features are represented in a realistic position and orientation and, at the same time, the realistic visual and acoustic perception of the vehicle and its environment is ensured. Since a variety of seating positions of different vehicle types and degrees of automation should be representable, the physical human-vehicle interfaces (e.g. steering wheel, seat and pedals) are interchangeable. The visual and acoustic perception of the vehicle or the environment is performed in a VR environment and is not the subject of this paper.The development of the seating buck for ergonomic vehicle evaluation in VR environment is discussed in detail, highlighting development, design and manufacturing aspects. A grid model is used as a basis, in which the position of the standardized heel point (AHP), that of the standardized hip point (SgRP) and that of the steering wheel center are described relative to each other and with standardized dimensions (cp. SAE J1100). In a next step, ranges could be identified for these dimensions that can be used to represent a wide field of vehicles available on the market. The development of adaptable modules for the pedals, the seat as well as the steering wheel is discussed and it is also explained how the drive for the adjustability of these modules was controlled, implemented and integrated into an overall design. The CAD model was digitally validated using the RAMSIS® digital human model (cp. Human Solutions). Finally, it is explained how exactly the vehicle dimensions can be controlled in the real model.
Situational Awareness in the Context of Automated Driving - Adapting the Situational Awareness Global Assessment Technique
Authors: Schwindt Sarah , Von Graevenitz Paula , Abendroth Bettina
Published: June 2023

Automated vehicles offer the opportunity to disengage from the driving task, though in SAE Level 3 vehicles a Take-Over Request (TOR) can occur at any time. In this case, the driver must quickly assess the situation and completely take over the driving task. In order for the driver to be able to do this safely, the rapid development of sufficient situational awareness is of particular importance. To investigate how this can be supported, it is necessary to find a sufficiently accurate method for measuring situational awareness in the context of automated driving. The Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT) provides an objective, direct method for measuring all three levels of situation awareness. However, in previous applications of the method, the relevance of the information measured by the SAGAT method was not taken into account. The aim of this paper is therefore to first identify suitable SAGAT questions by means of a literature review and then to assess the relevance of the information asked for the safe takeover of vehicle control by an online questionnaire (n = 78). Subsequently, a study in a driving simulator (n = 32) will test whether a weighted evaluation of the SAGAT questions according to the classification by the online questionnaire can further optimize the method for measuring situation awareness.
The new interaction mode of human-vehicle in automatic driving: Overview of the Reification-Perception interaction
Authors: Zhong Yikai , Chen Xing , Zhao Danhua , Liu Zhizi
Published: June 2023

Under automatic driving, the driver and the vehicle systems control the vehicle together, interface interaction is no longer the main form of human-vehicle interaction. The new interactive form based on the reification-perception of the vehicle interior through the technology cluster emerge. The Intelligent Interior is capable to perceive the user and then makes the feedback close to the prior experience of users. Based on the review of the characteristics of human-vehicle interaction in the Intelligent Interior of the vehicle, this paper named human-vehicle interaction as Reification-perception interaction（RPI）, and summarizes the current trend characteristics of human-vehicle interaction. Current study suggests that the RPI could be the new form of human-vehicle interaction formed by the cross-fusion of multiple interactions (Whole-Body interaction; Natural Interaction; Entity interaction). This paper proposes the relationship and structure mode of RPI which provides an appropriate and novel research direction for the human-vehicle future study.
High-speed train drivers’ operation performance: A focus group study with drivers and managers
Authors: Wang Ziteng , Li Yanyi , Wang Yi , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2023

Although the rapid development of high-speed rail enhanced the national transportation and boosted the economic growth in China, it had great impacts on the behavior of high-speed train (HST) drivers. To stay safe, HST drivers may need to continuously keep alert for a few hours, detect potential hazards in time, make quick reactions, and strictly follow Standard Operating Procedures. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential influencing factors of HST drivers' operation performance and provide practical management implications. Six focus groups with 22 HST drivers and 18 front-line managers were conducted to collect qualitative information concerning drivers’ operation performance. The results were unfolded in two perspectives. From the individual level, high-performance drivers were more experienced, more likely to detect hazards in time, and performed better in emergency handling. They also tended to be in good health, had quality sleep and effective anti-fatigue measures. From the organizational level, crew scheduling factors played an important role in HST drivers’ operation performance. These factors include switch frequency of HST models, intermittent rest time and task duration.
Beyond Detection: Intervention Approaches in Driver State Monitoring Systems
Authors: Motnikar Lenart , Anžur Zoja , Fröhlich Peter , Mirnig Alexander , Tscheligi Manfred
Published: June 2023

Driver state monitoring systems (DSMS) – technologies that detect driver impairment and provide interventions – are becoming crucial components of driving safety technology. However, despite plentiful research on impairment detection, literature on corresponding interventions is limited. To gain insight into technology-based risk prevention and mitigation approaches to driver impairment, we review the state of the art in solutions targeting stress, fatigue, and cognitive load. We systematically analyze the latest literature published in two technology databases between 2017 and 2022. We first provide a general summary of reviewed studies, quantifying trends in technical, HCI, and methodological characteristics and additionally focus on user-evaluated solutions. Overall, we observe a general focus on fatigue and a prevalence of simple binary alerts. We report that only a minority of solutions are user-evaluated, although these exhibit greater diversity both in terms of the impairments they target and the methods they employ. Our findings show that the field offers extensive possibilities, although the proposed solutions are mainly in early developmental stages. Ultimately, we evaluate possible intervention approaches, identify the gaps, and provide guidelines to support future research.
Use and usability of shared micromobility among underserved youth in California
Authors: Alston-Stepnitz Eli , Sanguinetti Angela , Searl Emily
Published: June 2023

The aim of this research was to document user experience with shared micromobility as part of a program that provided at-risk youth (age 18-27) with free shared micromobility services for a year. The study found that the young participants readily embraced shared micromobility services, which were used to access jobs, health and social services, and for social and recreational purposes. Users were often effusive about their enjoyment of e-bikes and e-scooters compared to other modes of transportation. The study also identified usability challenges that highlighted needs for more education on proper use and protected street infrastructure for micromobility, as well as opportunities for increased utility through vehicle design features. Findings can inform service providers, equipment manufacturers, and mobility program designers to improve micromobility user experience for a segment of the population who can reap great benefits from these services.
Change Detection in Head-Up Displays (HUDs) and Twilight Environments
Authors: Miles James , Rosas Monica
Published: June 2023

In the current research, we evaluated the influence of Head-Up Display (HUD) luminance configurations on change detection in mixed luminance environments (i.e., twilight conditions - sunrises and sunsets). Such environments provide a particular challenge for determining the appropriate HUD luminance. Using the flicker paradigm, participants viewed an image of a HUD overlaid on a twilight environment and had to detect changes that could occur on the HUD display or in the environment. The HUD luminance was configured in one of three ways: bright, dim, and segmented (bright above the midline, dim below – matching the entire twilight environment). Although segmented HUDs seem to intuitively provide a compromise in twilight conditions, we found that this was not the case – detection performance was overall lower with segmented HUDs than with uniform HUDs. We discuss how the current results relate to spatial as well as object-based attention orienting when HUDs are used. Additionally, we provide potential reasons for the inferiority of segmented HUDs, including a reduced ability to separate information displayed on the HUD and in the environment from one another when scanning the display.
Perceived Affective Qualities in Flight Deck Design
Authors: Güneş Çiğdem , Töre Yargın Gülşen
Published: June 2023

Human Factors/Ergonomics (HF/E) practices in aviation generally focus on the system’s functional features like human performance, human error, workload, and situation awareness, without considering the emotional aspects of the interaction. However, there is a shift from a cognitive perspective to an affective one, which concerns promoting pleasure instead of just preventing design deficiencies. While traditional human factors have focused on efficiency, usability, and safety, emerging approaches have also focused on product experience. There has been a growing interest in affect and pleasure in such areas as engineering design, psychology, neuroscience, human factors, and industrial design. This study aims to transfer these emerging approaches into aviation by determining the perceived affective qualities in a flight deck design. For this purpose, interviews were conducted with pilots by using the Repertory Grid Technique with Laddering Technique to elucidate how pilots experience a flight deck design. According to the results, 33 constructs were determined which show the qualities of attributes produced by flight deck and the affective states of pilots when these qualities are provided.
The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Certification challenges in Future Single Pilot Operations (SiPO)
Authors: Ziakkas Dimitrios , Wayne Suckow Michael , Pechlivanis Konstantinos
Published: June 2023

The aviation industry is characterized by innovation, change management, and human factors implementation in flight operations. The aviation industry anticipates the Single Pilot Operations (SiPO) implementation in commercial airliners. Further de-crewing on commercial airline jets would necessitate using artificial intelligence (AI) in the flight deck to support the pilot duties. This paper outlines human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) certification concerns regarding Human System Integration (HSI). The International Air Transportation Authority's (IATA) Technology Roadmap (IATA, 2019) and the European Aviation Safety Agency's (EASA) Artificial Intelligence (AI) roadmap give an overview and evaluation of current technology trends that will change the aviation environment with the use of AI and the introduction of extended Minimum Crew Operations (eMCO) and Single Pilot Operations (SiPO). A review of the existing research on Artificial Intelligence certification challenges in single pilot operations structured the research themes in cockpit design and users' perception-experience. AI certification challenges in future single pilot operations were examined through interviews with Subject Matter Experts (Human Factors analysts, AI analysts, regulators, test pilots, manufacturers, airline managers, examiners, instructors, qualified pilots, and pilots in training) and questionnaires were sent to a group of professional pilots and pilots in training. In the current regulatory environment, the associated risk-based approach for systems, equipment, and components is primarily driven by a requirements-based "development assurance" methodology during the development of their elements. Although system-level assurance may still necessitate a requirements-based approach, it is acknowledged that design-level layers that rely on learning processes – learning assurance cannot be addressed with only 'development assurance' techniques.Moreover, this research focuses on mitigating residual risk in the 'AI black box.' Results were analyzed and evaluated the Artificial Intelligence (AI) certification and learning assurance challenges under the future single pilot operations aspect.
Flying blind: Exploring the visual cues used by helicopter pilots in degraded visual environments
Authors: Dreslin Brandon , C Mersinger Molly , Patel Shivani , Chaparro Alex
Published: June 2023

Helicopter pilots rely on visual cues from the environment and instrument displays during critical phases of flight – particularly final approach and landing – to safely land. However, the specific visual cues pilots rely on and how they integrate those cues to make anticipatory inceptor inputs or corrections are not well understood. Importantly, those cues may be degraded under nighttime and brownout/whiteout conditions where the downwash of a helicopter’s rotors cause loose dirt/snow to be projected into the air, resulting in the obfuscation of the pilot’s vision outside the aircraft. The lack of visual cues in these conditions means that pilots are often ‘flying blind’ and must transition from using visual scene-based cues and motion-based cues to alphanumeric or pictographic information on displays. This transition of in-flight rules involves changes in perceptual and cognitive processing during a time of increased cognitive and physical workload. Pilots must shift their visual and attentional focus from the external scene to head-down displays. Additionally, cognitive processing shifts from natural visual cues to detection and response. This shift is not instantaneous. Delays in recognizing and understanding the alphanumeric information increases the risk of spatial disorientation. Therefore, it becomes imperative to identify what cues pilots may rely on to inform the design of displays that may be more effective under degraded viewing conditions. To address this issue, we reviewed the literature on the visual cues used to process forward motion (i.e., speed, heading), altitude, position in space, and collision detection (specifically during the landing flare). Analyses conclude that (a) optical flow supports awareness of linear motion, (b) lines of splay and depression promote altitude regulation, (c) accretion and deletion of environmental features outside the aircraft allow for roll, yaw, and heave detection, (d) motion parallax is crucial for motion detection when an aircraft is hovering, and (e) a successful landing flare may rely on a combination of time-to-contact and time-to-passage cues. These results suggest that visual cues can be incorporated in an artificial visual environment. Providing information on the visual cues processed during landing can assist designers and developers alike to design a synthetic display that facilitates spatial awareness.
An Analysis of User's perceptual preferences in Virtual Reality Home Interface Design
Authors: Zeng Houran , Zhao Lijuan , Zhang Jing , Li Xiaoke , Xu Wei
Published: June 2023

The home interface of Virtual Reality (VR) human-computer interaction system determines the consumer's first impression of VR, and it is also the core interface for users to perceive and understand the functional distribution and composition of the entire VR system. However, the current VR home interface design ignores the importance of users' perceptual needs and preferences. This paper attempts to study the relationship between perceptual preferences and design elements in the VR home interfaces by Kansei Engineering. Through the semantic evaluation of the home interface of thirty mainstream HMDs, we analyzed and found that the layout, icon style and the number of cards are the factors that affect perceptual preferences the most. Subsequently, we conducted an experiment on the relationship between these interface design elements and perceptual preferences. Based on the experiment results, it is validated that these interface design elements have varying effects on perception: the icon style has the greatest impact on “future” perception, the interface layout has the greatest impact on “comfort” perception, and the number of cards has the greatest impact on “immersion” perception.
Anticipatory Innovation Governance Model and Regional Innovation Ecosystems Supporting Sustainable Development
Authors: Takala Minna , Tukiainen Taina
Published: June 2023

Anticipatory innovation governance describes the process of managing and directing innovation efforts in wider context in regional, national, or international innovation ecosystems. In 2022 OECD presented an anticipatory innovation governance model for Finland. Since 2014, European Union has recommended European regions to enhance their development activities based on Smart Specialization. Smart Specialization is a place-based approach characterized by the identification of strategic areas based both on regional strengths and potential of the economy. It aims to enhance prosperity of European regions by accelerating research, development and innovation activities as well as supporting Entrepreneurial Discovery Process (EDP) with wide stakeholder involvement.Both approaches aim for balanced development. The current societal situation cannot be addressed through reactive and conventional governance practices. Societies and regions are facing both challenges and changes that set demand and create opportunity for new ways of working and collaboration. Anticipatory innovation governance model addresses both authorizing environment and agency. It addresses the creation of enabling environment for innovation and introduces supportive mechanism to support anticipatory innovation practices with tools, methods, and information resources. The paper introduces EU’s Mission on Adaptation to Climate Change which focuses on supporting EU regions, cities, and local authorities in their efforts to build resilience against the impacts of climate change. The Mission’s activities aim to test and deploy on the ground innovative solutions needed to build resilience. The Mission’s objective is to accompany at least 150 European regions and communities towards climate resilience by 2030.The paper shares activities of Häme Goes into Ecosystems HGiE –project which aims to enhance sustainable innovation ecosystem development among regional stakeholders and support research, development, innovation and Entrepreneurial Discovery Process activities linking to national and international ecosystems. Häme Portfolio tool is used to support open innovation practices. The goal of this paper is to share early results of the study on how anticipatory innovation governance model, regional innovation ecosystems and portfolio management practices can enhance both innovation and sustainable development as well as adaptation to climate change.
Heuristics and biases uncovered during the digitalisation decision-making process in the Property Sector
Authors: Cook Laetitia , Cloete Chris
Published: June 2023

The property industry is lagging other industries in the drive towards digitalisation. This study hypothesised that biases and heuristics encountered during the digitisation decision-making process contributed to this delay. Biases could increase the property industry practitioners’ reluctance or resistance to make the digitisation decision and could further add to the complexity of the decision-making process. Most of the previous research in this field had been conducted quantitatively, utilising surveys and experiments to detect the presence of specific pre-selected biases, but only expected biases could be measured in this way. The present study followed a qualitative approach in which unstructured in-depth interviews with a purposively selected sample of property industry decision-makers allowed the detection of many biases. The sample covered a broad spectrum of the industry including decision-makers from the listed property sector, private sector commercial property developers, commercial property financiers, and residential real estate agencies. The study detected 37 biases that influenced the digitisation decision.
Capacity Building in GovTech for Measuring and Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Labanava Alena , Liiv Innar , Pappel Ingrid
Published: June 2023

The paper explores the challenges that GovTech industry faces and analyses how existing skills frameworks correspond with these challenges. After this comparison authors seek to define the missing from the frameworks skills that can be recommended for GovTech specialists to possess. Given the variety of areas of expertise where GovTech faces challenges it is recommended to design a collective competence framework on a team and/or organisation level.
Legal Readiness for Open Source Software Adoption in Public Sector
Authors: Madduri Vikash , Vandtke Alika , Martinez Yolanda , Mägi Margus , Leosk Nele , Lueck Nico , Kong Sherman
Published: June 2023

The importance of Open-Source Software (OSS) is growing vehemently in the public sector. OSS has a key role in governments’ digital transformation towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as it reduces the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), provides the opportunities of economies of scale and economies of scope, and promotes digital infrastructure by adopting Open Stack technology capabilities. However, the OSS adoption readiness has been measured on the basis of technology, organizations, and economic prerequisites, as of now. The current paper reviews the existing literature and suggests most critical factors from the perspectives of legislation, governance, and policy so that the governments which are traversing towards digital transformation can adopt them for social good.
Business Efficiency Metric Implementation Strategies for the Service-providing Companies
Authors: Kocerova Svetlana , Kalkis Henrijs , Roja Zenija
Published: June 2023

Lean and work with quality is highly explored and developed in many organizations and countries (Liker, 2004, p. 7). According to several research studies, there is a high level of implementation, but rather low level of evidence in service industry on actual results (Santhosh et al, 2018, p. 8) and lack of literature on use of Lean in new digital realities (Bortolotti et al, 2009, p.7), especially in relation to industrial revolutions 4.0 and 5.0 (Rossi et al, 2022, p.6). Situation is very different in manufacturing, already in 1960th the first quality gurus developed a system on how to measure costs of poor quality in manufacturing (Juran and Godfrey, 1998, ch. 8.1). Other aspect of metrics connected with quality improvements and Lean is the time perspective; in short term there is a much higher possibility to visualize and prove results from quality work, but in long-term perspective, also sometimes called long-term Lean enterprises (Liker and Morgan, 2006, p. 5), different metrics and approach to measurements and continuous work to show results are required.Digital age is here, and there is a need to re-think Lean and how success is measured. Lean 4.0 is well defined (Rossi et al, 2022, p. 5) and now we need to investigate Lean 5.0 and re-evaluation of the required success factors of Lean, quality work and metrics. Looking into research on Lean and digitalization, it is clear that the base Lean concept also when implementing it to a service industry company, shall be adjusted with industrial revolution and Lean 4.0 targets, in order to skip some steps and come closer to desired outcomes in the modern world.The aim of the study is to analyze the possible metrical implication of using Lean methodology and work with quality in a classic way, to suggest possibilities for metric implementation strategies for the service-providing companies.Systematic literature review and content analysis is used as a main research method for this paper. Empirical refinement and validation by using workshops with lean practitioners were used to pilot the assumptions. Main results and findings of the paper are through review of existing metrics, analysis of possible metrics and guidelines for development of metrics there is a possibility to develop a baseline for quality and Lean work results visualization method for a service industry company.
Contrasting the profiles of Female vs Male quantity surveyors in South Africa
Authors: Hoffman Danie , Hellen Ngele Tebogo , Zulch Benita
Published: June 2023

Quantity surveying in South Africa is a well-established professional discipline providing consulting services to the construction industry. The continued prosperity of a professional discipline such as quantity surveying is closely linked to sound management and efficient strategic leadership. The leaders and managers of the profession require accurate and up-to-date information on the profile of their members to integrate that information into future strategies and planning.Young democracies and developing countries such as South Africa often have demographics and financial industries, including the construction industry, that are much more dynamic than first-world countries such as the United States or Great Britain. Local government upliftment policies such as black economic empowerment changed the economic landscape. The membership profile of the quantity surveying profession is also seeing rapid change, presenting additional management challenges. A profession with a stable profile is easy to manage using past knowledge of membership makeup and preferences. However, a changing membership may cause strategies based on the knowledge of 5 to 10 years ago to be found wanting today.The recent COVID-19 pandemic disrupted economies and industries and did not spare the construction industry or the quantity surveying profession. During this time, the South African Association of Quantity Surveyors (ASAQS), assisted by the University of Pretoria, analysed the profile of its members employing a questionnaire forwarded to all ASAQS members on the database. This data confirmed significant changes to the age and racial makeup of the profession. However, the changed gender profile was amongst the study’s most significant findings. In the past, the typical South African quantity surveyor was a middle age to older male of European descent. This study will contrast the older members of the profession against the more recent entrants by comparing the profile of female members to that of male members. The analysis will include age, race, locational spread, academic qualifications, nationality, registration status with the Council of South African Quantity Surveyors, and length of the current employment term to provide a reasonably detailed comparison of the gender profile of quantity surveyors in South Africa.The above information will be valuable to the Association of South African Quantity Surveyors and to the management of quantity surveying firms and institutions such as universities that offer accredited academic programmes to train quantity surveyors. The findings can also be shared with quantity surveying professionals across international borders to compare against the profiles of their millennial cohorts of quantity surveyors.
CO2 free Smart Mobility Hub: MORE industrial park
Authors: Sihvonen Markus , Weck Marina
Published: June 2023

Smart Mobility Hub (SMH) is a transport node that provides smart transportation and logistics services for a particular area, such as city, city block or municipality, depending on its intended mission. Utilization of very latest digital and communication technologies makes a Mobility Hub (MH) smart. Smart mobility services benefit from technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Tings (IoT), Big Data and wireless communication such as 5G mobile technology. The aim of SMHs is to make transportation of people and goods more efficient, cost effective, accessible and most of all, convenient and easy. However, maybe the most important mission of SMH is to help to solve increased CO2 emissions generated by urban transport nodes. A SMH’s purpose is to provide new tools and solutions that support cities and municipalities in achieving zero CO2 mobility emissions transition locally. The key challenge for SMH is to facilitate the achievement of carbon neutrality goal set by the European Union for urban mobility and trips under 500 km by the end of 2030. The most critical challenge for the Finnish transport sector is to significantly reduce its emissions and to become carbon neutral by 2035. MORE industrial park, located in Finland and spanning two industrial parks – Rastikangas in the Municipality of Janakkala and Moreeni in the City of Hämeenlinna, is an Eco Industrial Park aiming for an emission-free future. It is also a major Mobility Hub (MH) in the Hämeenlinna economic area serving the transportation needs of local industry. Due to a chosen development strategy to gain competitive edge over other similar industrial parks in Southern Finland, MORE industrial park has long term plans to become a significant Smart Mobility Hub (SMH) providing services not just for the city of Hämeenlinna and Janakkala municipality, but also for economic areas of the cities of Helsinki and Turku. In this paper we will analyse what kind of facilities and capabilities the MORE Industrial Park should have and what kind of services it should provide in order to become a Smart Mobility Hub. The paper also analyses potential key drivers that can positively differentiate MORE industrial park from competing industrial parks in Southern Finland. The MORE Park will have the infrastructure in place around year 2026 for High-Capacity Transport (HCT) trucks. The paper analyses the capabilities and services required by these HCT trucks for efficient and sustainable operations. Additionally, a zero emission, just-in-time first and last mile transportation services for the local economy will be discussed. Since the SMH services are mainly produced by utilizing modern digital technologies, the paper introduces the MORE platform that provides services that enable transition towards efficient, resilient and sustainable transportation services. It is one of the key enablers towards zero emission mobility of goods and people.
Quantitative analysis and modeling of the factors that determine the quality of life in the city council of Chile
Authors: Ríos Gonzalo , De La Fuente-Mella Hanns , Lay Nelson
Published: June 2023

This research try to determine what factors influence the well-being of various communities and city council in Chile, based on urban national life quality indicators, the above carried out for communes that are close to the threshold of 50,000 inhabitants, which represents close to 100 communes of the country, reaching approximately 80% of the population. To measure efficiency, an econometric model is developed with a series of variables that explain the levels of well-being, as well as to also find measures of significance and importance in the relationship structure, in order to understand the sensitivity of some factors in the national well-being and quality of life.
The Influence of Purchase Purpose and Customer Loyalty on Purchase Behavior in Fashion Stores
Authors: Nakashima Jin , Otake Kohei
Published: June 2023

In recent years, with the spread of COVID-19 infection, the consumer market in real places such as department stores and shopping centers was hit hard. The latest consumer trend surveys indicate that what consumers are looking for in physical shops after the coronavirus has been contained is 'confidence' and 'surprise' through the experience of touching actual products. From this, it can be inferred that the insight of consumers in actual shops lies in the process leading up to the purchase, i.e. the experience value, such as how they use the shop and search for products.In this study, we conducted an experiment on consumer behavior in a department store, and proposed marketing measures unique to a real shop in accordance with consumer behavior, using data on the flow line of shop movement and questionnaire data before and after the experiment. Specifically, a series of data on the consumer's flow line from entering to leaving the shop is collected using an eye-tracking device. From the collected traffic line data, we attempt to evaluate consumer behavior from the viewpoint of purchase purpose and loyalty by using Social Network Analysis(SNA) methods.
Effects of Communication Delay on Human Spaceflight Missions
Authors: Parisi Megan , Panontin Tina , Wu Shu-Chieh , Mctigue Kaitlin , Vera Alonso
Published: June 2023

Missions onboard the International Space Station rely on the real-time availability of a large ground team of system experts to command the vehicle, solve safety-critical problems, and guide the crew during complex operations. Also, in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), supplies can be sent and crews evacuated quite quickly if needed. Future missions Beyond Low Earth Orbit (BLEO) will not have this 24/7, real-time safety net as communication latency increases, resupply difficulty increases, and evacuation opportunities diminish. There are few, if any, terrestrial analogs for human spaceflight missions BLEO that reflect the conditions—including extreme environments, long mission durations, and small crew sizes – that make these missions so high risk. Studies on specific conditions, such as communication delays and asynchronous interactions, have been performed in NASA Earth-based analog missions and have found that communication delays can disrupt ground-crew interactions and adversely impact team performance. However, there are gaps and limitations in studies conducted to date, notably on human spacecraft system failure response and recovery, the impacts of shorter lunar-relevant communication delays on complex operations, and the effectiveness of countermeasures. The work presented here breaks down real anomalies that occurred on ISS and Apollo missions and creates example scenarios fort Lunar Surface and Mars missions to explore the impact of communication delays of varying length on onboard operations and mission outcomes. Our analyses indicate that short communication delays (e.g., seconds to a minute) adversely impact the ability for ground to provide real-time oversight and guidance and to catch quickly emerging problems in time. Longer communication delays (e.g., up to 40 minutes on Mars missions) call for a shift of responsibility for tactical operations from ground to crew; crew must make time-critical decisions independently and respond to time-critical vehicle anomalies to prevent consequences.
Human-Machine Interaction: is there a strategic direction towards space exploration?
Authors: P Leão Celina , Silva Vinicius , Costa Susana
Published: June 2023

Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on enhancing how humans and computers interact. It covers many different areas of knowledge, such as computer science, behavioural and cognitive sciences, ergonomics, psychology, and education. The growing interest in HMI has led to a wide range of applications across different domains, including industrial, medical, educational, and entertainment sectors. Human factors, which involve improving human performance in challenging environments, have also gained attention in this field. This study aims to identify the trends in the developments in HMI for space exploration by conducting a quantitative bibliometric analysis. Two citation indexes (Web of Science and Scopus) were combined to search for documents on the topic. The search was born on January 10th, 2023, yielding 203 documents after eliminating duplicates and for other reasons. The inclusion criteria considered conference papers, articles and book chapters, and the English language. A descriptive analysis was attained, allowing for a ‘big picture’ of the data distribution regarding the scientific area, countries, chronological evolution of the publications, keywords, citations, and other relevant information. The study results provide a better understanding of the current state of HMI in space exploration, identifying trends and areas for future research.
Collaborative design based on Metaverse technology: Case of interactive design of children's educational products
Authors: He Ziqiang , Jiang Ke , Zhang Jingyu , Gao Yue , Li Na Zhao
Published: June 2023

Explore the feasibility of the application of meta universe technology in collaborative design. Method: Taking the interactive design of children's education products as an example, this paper combs and analyzes the process participants and their needs in the collaborative design, builds a collaborative design process for children's education products, builds a corresponding meta universe space according to the process, invites participants to conduct collaborative design experiments and evaluate the design effect, so as to verify the feasibility of the application of meta universe technology in collaborative design. Conclusion: Experiments prove that the meta universe technology can obtain more complete design requirements, improve design efficiency and effect, and optimize design process and experience by improving the participation of participants in the design process
LATENT CRIME: THE STATE AND PROBLEMS OF DETECTION
Authors: Астраханцева Е.Ю. , Гордеева Е.Н.
Published: June 2023

Цель статьи – исследование современного состояния и проблем выявления латентной преступности в России. В работе использованы методы ретроспективного, графического, статистического, индуктивного анализа. Автором проанализировано и выделено оптимальное определение латентной преступности, приведена ее классификация, проиллюстрирована динамика состояния зарегистрированной и латентной преступности в Российской Федерации за 2010–2020 гг. на основе вычислений. Определены ключевые проблемы выявления латентной преступности и пути ее минимизации.

The purpose of the article is to study the current state and problems of detecting latent crime in Russia. The methods of retrospective, graphical, statistical, inductive analysis are used in the work. The author analyzes and identifies the optimal definition of latent crime, provides a classification of latent crime, illustrates the dynamics of the state of registered and latent crime in the Russian Federation for 2010–2020 based on calculations. The key problems of detecting latent crime and ways to minimize it are identified.