bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Symposium 2: Understanding emerging knowledge spillovers in team-group learning settings
Authors: Nanclares Nuria Hernandez , Rienties Bart , Van den Bossche Piet
Published: October 2024

In classroom teaching, teachers make increasingly use of collaborative learning formats such as team learning, and educational technology to enhance the learning experience of students. Most research on team-learning focuses on learning within teams. However, to what extent do learners also share knowledge between teams during a course? This study took place in a third-year course on International economics, whereby 57 students were divided into eleven teams and learned and collaborated in an innovative blended learning environment. For ascertaining whether inter- and intra-team learning and knowledge spillovers occurred during the course, we employed a method developed within the field of Social Network Analyses (SNA). We measured prior friendship relations during the first week, while possible knowledge spillovers between learners and teams were assessed during week 4, week 7 and week 14.The results indicate that knowledge spillovers across teams do occur over time. All eleven teams developed outside links to other teams after 14 weeks. Already after seven weeks, the average number of external links tripled to 20.0, which implies that the number of external links is (almost) equal to the internal links with the teams, and the E-I index was -0.12. In other words, substantial knowledge spillovers occurred after seven weeks. Finally, after 14 weeks the average number of external links was 18.4 and the External-Internal (E-I) index is -0.17, implying that in comparison to the beginning of the course learning occurred both within teams as well as outside teams but relatively more within their team rather than outside their team. Friendship relations were positively correlated to the three learning networks. However, the size of these correlations was lower than the size of correlations between the three learning networks, indicating that new learning links (i.e. knowledge spillovers) were established over time, as confirmed by follow-up multiple regression quadratic assignment procedures. Our results indicate that pre-existing friendships play a part in knowledge spillovers, but dynamics between learners and teams over time seem more important.
Symposium 2: Understanding emerging knowledge spillovers in small-group learning settings
Authors: Rienties Bart , Bohle Carbonell Katerina , Alcott Peter , Willis Tony
Published: October 2024

Learning in authentic projects is supposed to enhance graduates knowledge, skills and future employment. However, in programmes with a large number of students, implementing project-based learning and providing helpful guidance, extensive feedback, and support by teachers can be cumbersome. While peer assessment traditionally is used for grading or marking peers, there is a call for more formative (for learning) assessment and feedback using ICT which goes beyond marking and grading. This study took place in a post-graduate course on Event Operations management, whereby 69 primarily international students were divided into nine teams and worked together for a sustained period of fourteen weeks on a high-stake assignment, namely running a successful and profitable event. For ascertaining whether inter- and intra-team learning and knowledge spillovers occurred during the course, we employed a method developed within the field of Social Network Analyses (SNA). We measured prior friendship and work relations during the first week, while possible knowledge spillovers between learners and teams were assessed during week 14.In contrast to previous research on evolution of knowledge spillovers in small-group settings by Hernandez Nanclares et al. (2012), our results seem to indicate that knowledge spillovers across teams reduced over time. While all nine teams had substantial work and friendship relations outside their own team at the beginning of the module, over time all teams became more focussed on learning within teams. While pre-existing friendship ties are significantly correlated to the post- measurements of learning and work networks, pre-existing work ties are more strongly correlated with learning ties after fourteen weeks, as confirmed by multiple regression quadratic assignment procedures. Although further research is needed to confirm the underlying dynamics why teams and learners became more internally focussed, we hypothesise that the instructional design (i.e. focus on competition) and task-assignment may have a stronger impact on reducing knowledge spillovers between learners and teams.
Symposium 3: Contested disciplinarity in international doctoral supervision
Authors: Parchoma Gale , Keefer Jeffrey M.
Published: October 2024

Preliminary results of a grounded-theory informed study of fourteen international doctoral supervisors' experiences in dealing with interdisciplinary issues in their supervisory practices are reported in this paper. All participants in this study had supervised or were in the process supervising interdisciplinary doctoral theses with interests in the educational research, technology enhanced learning, and/or networked learning. All had some experience with using technologies to support supervision at a distance. Where the full study examined a series of five questions on supervisory experiences, insights, and uses of technology, this paper reports only a subset of data associated with interdisciplinary experiences, insights, and challenges. Doctoral programmes with foci in the fields of educational research, technology enhanced and networked learning often to include academic staff and doctoral candidates from a fairly wide range of originating disciplines. Expanding technological support for part-time, distance, flexible access to doctoral programmes can bring together international groups of tutors and learners. Increasing enrolment and student diversity are sometimes leading to looser ties between supervisory expertise and thesis topics. The field has been described as inherently multi- (Conole & Oliver, 2002), inter- (Parchoma, 2011), and even trans-disciplinary (Becher & Trowler, 2001), thus raising questions on whether these descriptions are substantively different or whether a closer examination of the terms themselves can clarify discussions. We posit an in-progress conceptual framework for examining perspectives on disciplinarity and report supervisory challenges as linked to supporting supervisees to overcome domain knowledge gaps and to develop methodological expertise in this evolving field. We argue that our findings support a view of the field that extends beyond a multidisciplinary mosaic of research on the same area of interest, but from different mono-disciplinary angles to a more cooperative endeavour that involves interdisciplinary boundary crossings. Early findings from this study suggest that efforts to find a shared theoretical underpinning for the field face a series of challenges. However, the coming together of constituent technological, educational, and knowledge domains in international TEL/NL research and practice necessitate collaborative efforts reciprocal interdependence among contributors. Thus the nature of the TEL/NL field provides fertile transdisciplinary ground for represented disciplines to affect and potentially be reoriented by others.
Symposium 4: Learning Networks for Professional Development: Current Research Approaches and Future Trends
Authors: Berlanga Adriana J. , Vuorikari Riina
Published: October 2024

Learning networks are technology supported communities through which learners share knowledge with each other and jointly develop new knowledge (Sloep & Berlanga, 2011). This way, learning networks enrich the experience of continuous professional development and lifelong learning. Examples of learning networks for professional development are communities of employees who want to improve customer services, lawyers who want exchange knowledge and experience, and communities of teachers who exchange their experiences and seek for collaboration.
Learning networks that support activities for educational professionals is enjoying increasing interest, see for instance Cloudworks , Tapped-In, or eTwinning . However, the full potential and added value of these networks could be maximised if new frameworks, tools and techniques would be developed (Schlager, et al., 2009).
Symposium 4: Learning Analytics in a Teachers' Social Network
Authors: Pham Manh Cuong , Cao Yiwei , Petrushyna Zinayida , Klamma Ralf
Published: October 2024

What is the social capital of a European teacher? We cannot give an answer for every teacher in Europe; but we have developed some measures for teachers participating in the eTwinning portal run by European Schoolnet as a case study. Driven by the idea that teachers collaborate across the borders with the support of an electronic platform, we were able to find correlations between social network analysis measures like degree and betweenness centrality as well as the local clustering coefficient, activity statistics about usage of eTwinning and the quality management of European Schoolnet. Only the combination of the three measures gives us indicators for the social capital gathered by a teacher. This learning analytics combines structural properties of the lifelong learning network of European teachers with the concrete usage statistics of a large-scale pedagogical social networking site using wall messages and blogs for communication among teachers and an established decentralized quality management framework which is unbiased by central policies. All work is implemented in a series of analysis and visualization prototypes working on anonymous data set extracted from the eTwinning network at certain time points. From this we can draw also on the evolution of the collaboration network as whole as well as on the development of the social capital of single teachers and their communities. As we have extracted different network structures mirroring the project and contact network of teachers and the online activities, we can compare the different factors contributing to the social capital of teachers.
Symposium 5: Perceptions of guest lecturers' impact on online learning communities
Authors: Costello Jane
Published: October 2024

A phenomenographic approach to case study is presented as a proposed methodology to researching guest speakers’ impact in networked learning communities. This work-in-progress paper outlines the proposed use of case study and phenomenography in exploring learners’ experience of guest speakers’ impact on students’ in online learning communities in higher education (HE). The rationale for this chosen methodology is outlined, as well as its epistemological and ontological underpinnings. The inclusion of guest speakers in higher education courses, such that they share experience with and learn with students and instructors through synchronous or asynchronous communication, is an area little studied to date. Little is known about guest speakers’ impact on learning beyond a few documented benefits afforded by guest speakers in face-to-face learning environments. For example, guest speakers bridge theory and practice (praxis) through experiences they share with the class. Data collected from semi-structured interviews in each case will be formulated into outcome spaces. This multiple case study will generate outcomes spaces that depict the categories of description as provided by participants. Following Åkerlind’s (2008) method of focusing on student experience, the outcome space will be representative of participants’ variation of experience, from students’ perspectives. The project’s issues and challenges, as understood to-date, are outlined. Proposed next steps are identified. This paper presents an alternate approach to the use of phenomenography in researching learning in a student-centred phenomenographic approach to case study.
Symposium 5: A Social Constructionist Approach to Phenomenographic Analysis of Identity Positioning in Networked Learning
Authors: Koole Marguerite
Published: October 2024

The aims of this research are to explore how doctoral students on networked learning courses experience challenges to their identities, norms, values, and relationships. Within a relational, social constructionist perspective towards identity and positioning amongst individuals, an individual's identity is shaped through a continual interaction of dialogue with others; they shape each other in a mutual and cyclical process. This process is at work equally in Networked Learning as in face-to-face interaction with the difference that the medium through which communication occurs is different but influences the construction of identity. The author briefly describes the Vygotsky Cycle (Harré, 2010), threshold concepts (Meyer & Land, 2005), and with particular relevance to doctoral learners, conceptual threshold crossings (Kiley & Wisker, 2010). These three elements underlie the idea of 'identity positioning thresholds'--that is, the process in which a learner is confronted by conflicting opinions, behaviours, and/or perspectives that, if sufficiently critical, may cause them to examine these conflicting experiences or re-evaluate their own opinions, behaviours, and perspectives within their own social, academic, and/or professional contexts. The main interest of this research is to explore the kinds of critical stories or troublesome experiences that might lead to identity repositioning and the variations in which this can be experienced. To this end, the primary methodology being used is phenomenography. The main method of data collection is the semi-structured interview. One participant was interviewed for a brief pilot study. Then, 18 participants were interviewed for the main phase of data collection. Although the study is currently underway at the time of writing, the author describes the next steps in the study. Supplementary methods will be used to help the researcher develop an in-depth and sensitive understanding of the interview transcripts. These secondary methods include both discourse analysis and two-person interviews. After describing the data collection procedures, the author identifies and discusses a variety of issues both arisen and arising. These issues are related to the abstract nature of the topic itself, the co-constructed nature of phenomenographic interviews, the de-contextualizing and re-contextualizing of transcripts, and issues to be aware of when the times comes for analysis and the development of the outcome space. Finally, the author then briefly discusses some approaches to trustworthiness in the phenomenographic research process.
Symposium 6: Learning with technology as coordinated sociomaterial practice
Authors: Oliver Martin
Published: October 2024

While considerable attention has been given to the concept of learning – what it is, how we might know it when we see it, and how to intervene in it – by contrast, technology remains under-theorised. While theoretical approaches that have developed accounts of the relationship between technology and human action, few of these are well represented within educational technology or networked learning. This paucity of theorisation has resulted in simplistic accounts of the role of technology in various kinds of learning, usually involving some kind of causal or determining mechanism. Such accounts are vulnerable to critique (e.g. Friesen, 2009), but nonetheless remain prevalent.In this paper, I will recap some of the problems with this position, and then consider alternatives that address issues around agency and the role of the social. Specifically, drawing on Mol’s concept of praxiology, developed in the context of work on the constitution of diseases in medical practice, I will explore alternative ways in which educational uses of technology can be understood. This value of this will be illustrated through the design of a study of digital literacies. Some implications of this include for researchers – including concerns about reflexivity – will then be drawn out.
Communities of practice in the digital age
Authors: Pleshakova Violetta
Published: October 2024

The context of the digital age, described as "information society", "network society", and "networked information economy", is highly dynamic and thought-provoking. Research efforts (Leadbeater 2008, Shirky 2008) reveal that information or knowledge society gives rise to social collaboration and fosters outburst of community formation, especially with the help of the Web 2.0 tools. These tools, in particular social networking, facilitate knowledge sharing, stimulate information exchange, and foster cross-cultural connections. What becomes possible for communities of practice when they operate online, via social networking sites like Facebook? Do particular communities on Facebook display the characteristics of dispersed, or virtual, communities of practice? This research seeks to conduct a case study of a virtual community of practice (VCoP) on Facebook and explore how this community setup contributes to knowledge sharing and creation of alternative learning paradigms. The exploratory case study focusses on Consciousness Coaching® Academy (CCA) - an international organization that offers professional coach training curriculum.Nine months of participant observation and semi-structured interviews with VCoP members reveal that community members acknowledge the existence of a CCA community, online as well as offline. Community members testify that they participate online and believe that virtual community will continue its operation in the future. With over 300 members (as of January 2012) - trainers, practicing coaches, and CCA students - this community is not only dispersed geographically, but also shows high levels of socio-cultural heterogeneity. Participant observation reveals that the VCoP is active, with an average of 32 Facebook posts per week. Community members negotiate community content and rules, respond to each other, build relationships, do things together both online and offline (for example, informal face-to-face meetups and coaching practice sessions), and share a repertoire of stories, actions, artefacts, events, concepts, tools, and discourses. The facts above attest that the Facebook group in question displays the traits of a community of practice, as defined by Wenger (1998). The case study will be nearing completion by the time of the conference (April 2012), therefore, a more accurate picture of the VCoP will be obtained, lessons learned will be derived, and recommendations for community development will be formulated.
Սառնարանային տեղակայանքների էներգաարդյունավետության հետազոտումը միջանկյալ ջերմակրով համակարգերի կիրառմամբ
Authors: Մովսիսյան Կարեն
Published: October 2024

Հետազոտության նպատակն է ուսումնասիրել միջանկյալ ջերմակրով (ՄՋ) աշխատող սառնարանային մեքենաների աշխատանքի սկզբունքը, դիտարկել դրա տիպերից ամենա­նպա­տակահարմարը, մասնավորապես, Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունում կիրառման հա­մար: Ներկայումս լայն տարածում ունեն այնպիսի սառնարանային տեղակայանքներ, որոնք սառեց­ման շրջափուլն իրականացնում են միջանկյալ ջերմակրով: Միջանկյալ ջերմակրով համա­­կարգերի կիրառումը հնարավորություն է տալիս տարվա ցուրտ ժամանակահատվածում անջա­տել սառնագենտով շղթան և իրականացնել ջերմության տեղափոխումը անմիջա­կանորեն շրջակա միջավայր միջանկյալ ջերմակրի լրացուցիչ ջերմափոխանակիչի միջոցով, ինչն էլ իր հերթին բերում է էներգախնայողության: Հոդվածում հետազոտվել են միջանկյալ ջերմակրով աշխատող սառնարանային տեղակայանքների շրջափուլերը` միջանկայլ ջերմակիրը կիրա­ռե­լով կոնդենսատորի, գոլորշիացուցիչի վրա, երկուսի վրա միասին և առանց միջանկյալ ջեր­մա­կրի: Հաշվարկվել է դրանցից առավել էներգախնայողը և էներգաարդյունա­վետը՝ մասնավո­րա­պես ՀՀ տաք, չափավոր և ցուրտ տարածաշրջանների համար: Արդյունքները ներկայացված են գրաֆիկներով:
Միաստիճանային սառնարանային ցիկլում ռեգեներացիոն ջերմափոխանակչի կիրառման ուսումնասիրությունը
Authors: Մովսիսյան Կարեն
Published: October 2024

Հետազոտության նպատակն է ուսումնասիրել միաստիճանային սառնարանային ցիկլում ռեգեներացիոն ջերմափոխանակչի կիրառման ազդեցությունները։ Հաշվարկների միջոցով ուսում­­նասիրվել են գերտաքացման և գերսառեցման ազդեցությունները ցրտարտադրողա­կա­նու­թյան վրա, ստացվել են աղյուսակ­ներ, որոնք արտահայտում են գերտաքացման և գեր­սառեց­ման ազդեցությունները՝ կախված գոլորշիացման և կոնդենսացման ջերմաստիճաններից։ Հետա­զո­տությունները հնարավորություն են տալիս արդյունավետ գնահատել ջերմափոխա­նա­կչի դերը սառնարանային տեղակայանքներում։ Դիտարկվել է ռեգեներացիոն ջեր­մա­փո­խա­նա­կչի կիրառումը տարբեր սառնագենտներով, աղյուսակներով ներկայացված են սառնարա­նային մեքենաների արդյունավետության գնահատման պարամետրերի փոփոխու­թյուն­ները։ Հոդվա­ծում բերված են նաև ռեգեներացիոն ջերմափոխանակչի կիրառման դրական և բացասական կողմերը։
Quo Vadis, Elimination Voltammetry?
Authors: Trnková Libuše
Published: October 2024

The article presents an open personal approach to the future of elimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS) in the context of the expected development and research of new materials and new technologies. With this development, the application capability of EVLS will be expanded, the basis of which is a mathematical apparatus that allows some current components to be eliminated from the overall voltammetric record, while others to be preserved. Although EVLS played a provisional and unquestionable role in electroanalytical applications, where it helped to obtain lower limits of detection (LOD) values of various organic and inorganic substances and to reveal electrode processes hidden in voltammetric signals, its further development indicates promising use in other research areas as well. The aim of the communication is a more precise but also more general definition of the elimination method, its specific paradigms, prospects and goals for the future.
Effects of Gingko Biloba Extract and L-Ascorbic Acid on Some Hematological, Biochemical, and Hepatic-Architectural Alterations in Mercury Chloride Intoxicated Adult Wistar Rat.
Authors: Auza Moses Ibrahim , Ujah Williams Oche , Okonta Emeka Martin , Ayara Charles Oshevire
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the effects of Ginkgo biloba and Ascorbic acid (A.A) on mercury chloride (HgCl2) toxicity in Wistar rats. Forty-two adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups (n=6). Group I served as control. Groups II–VII received 5 mg/kg of HgCl2. Groups III and IV received 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of A.A respectively, while groups V and VI daily received 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of EGB761 respectively. Group VII received 100 mg/kg of A.A and EGB761. All administration were done orally, once daily for 21 days. Mercury exposure caused significant (p<0.05) decreases in RBC (3.62.00±0.75), hemoglobin (8.67±0.14), and PCV (32.93±0.47) in group II when compared to the control group, while significantly (p<0.05) increasing white blood cell count (18.57±1.51). Liver function tests significantly (p<0.05) increased Alanine transaminase (1.38±1.51), Aspartate Transaminase (10.11±4.21), and Alkaline Phosphatase (1.89±0.51) in group II when compared to Control. Biochemical analysis revealed a significant (p<0.05) increase in malondialdehyde levels and a significant (P<0.05) decrease in superoxide dismutase (3.86 ± 0.69), glutathione (10.08 ± 2.13), and catalase (3.65 ± 0.2) levels in group II. However, treatment with ascorbic acid and EGB761 significantly (P<0.05) increased in Groups IV (6.15 ± 0.38); VI (6.28 ± 0.40), and VII (6.19 ± 0.41), SOD levels in Groups IV (6.15 ± 0.38); VI (6.28 ± 0.40) and VII (6.19 ± 0.41) and GSH level when compared to the HgCl2 group. Histological examination showed moderate hepatocyte necrosis in group II, while treatment with EGB761 and A.A showed moderate healing, binucleate nuclei, and a slight decrease of distorted sinusoids and normalization of liver structure. The study concludes that EGB761 and A.A have hepatoprotective effects on mercury-induced hepatotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The findings suggest that these antioxidants may be useful in mitigating the harmful effects of mercury exposure on the liver.
A Study on Impact of CSR on Brand Reputation and Consumer Behaviour
Authors: As Deetchana , S Sabari Varshini , M Arockiya Wilson , Paul Dr M John
Published: October 2024

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a key factor influencing brand reputation and consumer behaviour. Companies that actively engage in CSR initiatives demonstrate a commitment to social and environmental issues, which can enhance their reputation and foster consumer trust. When brands are perceived as socially responsible, consumers are more likely to develop positive attitudes, leading to increased loyalty and advocacy. CSR initiatives, such as sustainability efforts, ethical sourcing, and community engagement, often differentiate brands in competitive markets, giving them a favourable edge. Furthermore, consumers today are more socially conscious, and their purchasing decisions are increasingly influenced by a brand’s CSR practices. Brands that prioritize CSR can attract this growing segment of consumers who value ethical and responsible business practices. However, insincere or poorly executed CSR efforts may have the opposite effect, causing reputational damage and eroding consumer trust. Therefore, for CSR to have a positive impact on brand reputation and consumer behaviour, it must be authentic, well-communicated, and integrated into the company’s core values and operations. In conclusion, CSR is a powerful tool for building brand equity, fostering consumer loyalty, and driving long-term business success.
Reducing Food Waste in Restaurants Using Machine Learning
Authors:   Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Engineering and Innovation, Bankar Mrs.Sneha
Published: October 2024

By using machine learning to manage materials based on their expiration dates and recommend new recipes, this initiative seeks to reduce food waste in restaurants. In order to anticipate any waste, the system analyse data on inventory levels and expiration dates in real time. It then makes innovative new dish recommendations using components that are almost out of date based on this information. This method not only minimizes food waste and maximizes inventory, but it also lowers expenses and improves menu diversity. The idea encourages economic efficiency and sustainability in restaurant operations by converting excess ingredients into culinary potential. Keywords Food waste · Wasteful behavior · Restaurant waste · Consumer waste ·Restaurant management Out-of- home waste.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques for Sentiment Classification
Authors:   Deparment of Computer Engineering, Pune Institute of Computer Technology, Jambhulkar Prof. P.J
Published: October 2024

Abstract—Sentiment analysis is an important part of natural language processing (NLP) and has many applications in social media, e-commerce, and other fields. This study aims to provide a clear distinction between these methodologies by offering a structured overview of sentiment analysis and the variety of techniques used in its execution. The article examines different machine learning algorithms for sentiment analysis and high- lights their advantages and disadvantages by drawing on credible prior research on the subject. Additionally, the study provides a tabular comparison of different machine learning methods by selecting suitable parameters. Keywords: Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, Convolution neural network (CNN), Neural network, Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), BERT
«SMART VILLAGE» AS A PERSPECTIVE FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sheyhova Marina , Safonova Svetlana
Published: October 2024

The article substantiates the role and importance of rural areas in the country's economy. Data on the dynamics of the number of both urban and rural populations are presented.
The importance of implementing the concept of introducing "Smart villages" as one of the ways to solve the problem of rural depopulation is considered. This is relevant both from the point of view of the need to modernize and increase the competitiveness of agricultural production, and taking into account the geographical features of territories and different population densities in different regions of the country.
The main interpretations of the concept of "smart village" using foreign sources are highlighted, as well as the basic principles of the concept of "smart village" are highlighted. As an example of the implementation of the concept, the domestic and foreign experience of the functioning of "smart villages" is given.
The main technologies introduced in the implementation of the "smart village" concept are considered and organizational and managerial recommendations are proposed for the further effective development of "smart" rural areas.
Accepting or criticizing religion in the process of globalization
Authors: Quoc Nguyen Anh , Chien Dinh Van , Dinh Pham Thi , Toan Doan Xuan , Chung Tong Thi Thai , Nghi Le Viet
Published: October 2024

Religion, a belief system closely linked to social life, is the subject of research analyzing religious tolerance and criticism in the struggle for human rights. The issue of religious tolerance and criticism will be clarified based on human rights and religious rights. In addition, the relationship between personal ethics and religious ethics is also different, in which the method of combining humanistic philosophy and social philosophy is used to clarify the complex relationships between religion, people, and society, especially the power and role of individuals in religious communities. Research shows that religion influences behavior and shapes people's value systems and rules of life. However, these value systems sometimes lead to discrimination and conflict. From there, the article concludes that religion is a product of human beings, and its existence can be both a positive and an opposing force in society, depending on specific historical conditions. Studying religious tolerance or criticism is essential to building a harmonious society. People must respect the diversity of beliefs and seek common values in reclaiming human rights in globalization.
Lifespan Evaluation for a Standard RV Reducer based on Fatigue Strength Theory
Authors: Gao Song , Li Yiwan , Zhang Yueming , Ji Shuting , Wang Jiapeng
Published: October 2024

Rotate vector (RV) reducers are the two-stage deceleration device comprising involute and cycloid-pin gear transmission mechanisms. As the typical deceleration elements, they are widely applied in industrial robots, digitally controlled machine tools and automation fields due to their compact structure and high precision. However, a reducer may lose precision after a long-term operation. Moreover, pitting and metal peeling of internal components may also occur, leading to a fatigue failure. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct investigations on lifespan evaluation for RV reducers. In this study, the CRV-80E reducer is taken as the research object. Firstly, according to its transmission characteristics, the lifespan evaluation model for a standard RV reducer is established based on fatigue strength theory and Palmgren-Miner linear cumulative damage law, with the internal crankshaft bearing is considered as the key component. Then, the simulations are carried out on crankshaft bearing by the ANSYS Workbench and SKF SimPro. The contact stress, deformation on bearing rollers, and the rated lifespan of the reducer are simulated. Finally, the accelerated life test is conducted on an RV reducer by increasing the external load with the positioning precision as an output and criterion. After the test, the reducer is disassembled, and metal peeling failure is observed on the crankshaft bearing while other parts are relatively intact. The test results validate the feasibility and accuracy of the service life evaluation model and simulation analysis. This study provides a new research approach for researchers and manufacturers and a design reference for engineers to improve the lifespan of RV reducers by optimizing crankshaft bearings, which have a certain academic value.
Relationship Between Physical Fitness Variables and Bowling, Batting & All-Round Performance in State-Level Cricket Players
Authors: Rakesh  , Saxena Vikas
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the present study is to find out the correlation between Physical variables and different players in Cricket. The objective of this study is to examine and compare the speed and agility of state-level cricket players across different players: Bowlers, All-rounders, and Batsmen. Speed and agility are critical physical attributes that contribute significantly to a Cricket player's performance, and understanding their variation across positions can provide valuable insights into position-specific training and talent identification. A sample of 75 players from M.P. State-level teams was selected for the study, and their speed and agility were assessed through standardized tests such as the 50-meter sprint test for speed and the Shuttle Run Agility Test for agility.
The results reveal significant differences in both speed and agility between playing positions. Batsmen demonstrated the highest average speed, which is essential for running between the wickets and run-scoring opportunities, while Bowlers exhibited superior agility, reflecting their need to navigate tight spaces and switch directions frequently during the game. All-rounders displayed moderate levels of both attributes, balancing the need for speed in Bowling & Batting and agility in fielding maneuvers. 
The findings suggest that position-specific physical training could enhance the performance of cricket players, and coaches should consider these differences when developing conditioning programs. This comparative analysis highlights the importance of tailoring speed and agility training to the specific positional requirements, which could lead to better overall team performance.
Impact of Anthropometric Characteristics on Football Performance by Playing Position
Authors: Chetan  , Saxena Vikas
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the present study is to find out the correlation between anthropometric variables and different playing positions in football. The objective of this study is to examine and compare the different body measurements of district-level football players across different playing positions: defenders, midfielders, and forwards. Body measurements are critical anthropometric attributes that contribute significantly to a football player's performance, and understanding their variation across positions can provide valuable insights into position-specific training and talent identification. A sample of 90 players from Bhopal district-level teams was selected for the study, and their body measurements were assessed through standardized anthropometric kit.
The findings suggest that position-specific anthropometric variable could enhance the performance of football players, and coaches should consider these differences when developing conditioning programs.
The study highlights the importance of specific anthropometric characteristics in determining positional effectiveness on the football field. These findings suggest that coaches and scouts should incorporate anthropometric data into player recruitment and development strategies, allowing for position-specific training that enhances individual and team performance. Tailoring physical conditioning based on these characteristics could further optimize athletic output and overall gameplay.
Challenges and Innovations in Teaching The Arabic Grammar to Non-Native Speakers
Authors: Salim Dr. Mohammad Salim
Published: October 2024

This study explores the challenges associated with teaching the Arabic grammar to non-native speakers and highlights educational and technological innovations aimed at improving teaching quality. The first chapter addresses the complexity of the Arabic morphological and syntactic system, the flexibility of syntactic order, and phonetic and orthographic challenges, alongside educational challenges such as curriculum design, teacher training, and assessment difficulties. The study aims to provide practical solutions to enhance the effectiveness of teaching the Arabic grammar through the development of flexible curricula, training teachers in modern methods, and adopting diverse assessment approaches. Additionally, the article discusses recent innovations in teaching the Arabic grammar, focusing on the role of technology and artificial intelligence in improving grammar instruction methods. It examines modern pedagogical approaches, such as task-based learning, communicative teaching, and the flipped classroom model, as well as integrated programs that enhance grammar learning through real-life and cultural contexts. Moreover, the role of edutainment in enhancing students' grammar learning experience and increasing engagement in an enjoyable and effective educational environment is also highlighted.
Policy Proposal: Strengthening Local Tertiary Institutions While Ensuring Free Education in Guyana
Authors: Paul (Sr) Stanley A. V. , Paul (Jr) Stanley A. V. , Donald Coretta Mc , Flue-Bess Nima
Published: October 2024

This article examines a policy proposal designed to create a balanced approach to free tertiary education in Guyana, emphasizing the importance of strengthening local tertiary institutions. The current funding model, which directs substantial government resources to foreign universities, places local institutions at a competitive disadvantage. This proposal advocates for a paradigm shift aimed at empowering local institutions by enhancing their infrastructure, fostering innovation, and incentivizing academic excellence. Drawing on successful global models from countries such as Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, the proposal outlines a framework for developing a robust, sustainable, and competitive higher education system that can meet both national and international standards.
Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Characterization of Glimepiride Complexed with Yttrium
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria, Ayomide I.E.
Published: October 2024

This study aims to synthesize, structurally analyze, and characterize a novel complex of glimepiride with yttrium, exploring its potential properties and applications. The glimepiride-yttrium complex was synthesized through a controlled reaction process involving glimepiride and yttrium chloride under specified conditions. The synthesized complex was subjected to a range of analytical techniques to determine its structural and chemical properties. These techniques included X-ray diffraction (XRD) for crystallographic analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for functional group identification, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for surface morphology examination. Additionally, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was employed to assess the elemental composition of the complex. The synthesis yielded a stable glimepiride-yttrium complex with distinct physical and chemical properties. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a well-defined crystalline structure. FTIR spectra revealed characteristic shifts in functional groups indicative of coordination between glimepiride and yttrium. SEM images displayed a homogeneous surface morphology, and EDX analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of yttrium into the complex. The results suggest that yttrium forms a coordination complex with glimepiride, altering its structural and electronic characteristics. The study successfully synthesized and characterized a glimepiride-yttrium complex, providing insights into its structural integrity and potential applications. The findings contribute to understanding the coordination chemistry of glimepiride with rare earth metals and may have implications for developing new materials with enhanced properties for pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Further studies could explore the biological activity and practical applications of this complex in greater detail.
Gastric Conduit Necrosis in Esophageal Surgery
Authors:   Department of Digestive Surgery, Beni-Messous Hospital, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria, Boukerrouche Mohammed oussama
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the occurrence, risk factors, clinical presentation, and management of gastric conduit necrosis following esophageal reconstruction, providing insights into its impact on patient outcomes and strategies for prevention and treatment. A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent esophageal reconstruction with gastric conduit creation between January 2010 and December 2023. Clinical records, including surgical notes, postoperative outcomes, and follow-up data, were reviewed to identify cases of gastric conduit necrosis. Risk factors such as surgical techniques, preoperative conditions, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Management approaches, including surgical interventions and conservative treatments, were also assessed. Gastric conduit necrosis was identified in X% of the patients undergoing esophageal reconstruction. Risk factors included advanced age, diabetes mellitus, and prolonged ischemia time. Clinical presentation varied from mild symptoms, such as abdominal pain and fever, to severe complications requiring emergent surgical intervention. Early detection through imaging and endoscopy was crucial for effective management. Treatment often involved surgical debridement and, in severe cases, conduit replacement. Postoperative recovery and long-term outcomes were generally favorable with timely intervention, although some patients experienced significant morbidity. Gastric conduit necrosis is a serious complication following esophageal reconstruction, with identifiable risk factors that can guide preventive measures. Early recognition and intervention are critical for improving patient outcomes. This study highlights the importance of vigilant postoperative monitoring and the need for tailored management strategies to address this complex issue effectively. Further research is needed to refine preventive strategies and enhance treatment protocols to reduce the incidence and impact of gastric conduit necrosis.
Decoding Cancer Formation: The Impact of Epigenetic Factors
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh, Wahab Abrar
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the critical role of epigenetic factors in the formation and progression of cancer, offering a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation, have emerged as key players in the regulation of gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. These modifications can lead to the activation of oncogenes or the silencing of tumor suppressor genes, thereby contributing to the initiation and progression of cancer. The research highlights how disruptions in normal epigenetic processes can result in abnormal cell growth, metastasis, and resistance to apoptosis, which are hallmarks of cancer. By analyzing recent advancements in epigenetic research, the study underscores the importance of understanding these mechanisms to identify potential biomarkers for early cancer detection and to develop targeted therapies that can reverse epigenetic alterations. Through a detailed examination of various cancer types, the study demonstrates the widespread impact of epigenetic changes across different forms of the disease. It also explores the potential of epigenetic therapies, such as inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases, in reprogramming cancer cells to a more normal state. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the molecular underpinnings of cancer and offers insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies that target epigenetic factors, paving the way for more effective and personalized cancer treatments.
Understanding Barriers to Sexual Health Service Utilization among Young People in Dang, Nepal: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors:   Department of Public Health, Nobel College Sinamangal, Pokhara University, Kathmandu, Nepal, Singh Gautam
Published: October 2024

This qualitative study explores the barriers to the utilization of sexual health services among young people in District Dang, Nepal. Despite the availability of sexual health resources, many youths face significant obstacles in accessing these services, which impacts their overall sexual health and well-being. Through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with adolescents and young adults, as well as healthcare providers and community leaders, this research identifies key factors that hinder service utilization. The study reveals a range of barriers, including stigma and social taboos surrounding sexual health, lack of awareness and education, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and cultural and gender norms that restrict open discussion and access. Additionally, the findings highlight the role of family and peer influences in shaping attitudes towards sexual health services. The insights gained from this study underscore the need for targeted interventions to address these barriers, enhance sexual health education, and improve service delivery mechanisms. By addressing the root causes of non-utilization, stakeholders can better support young people in accessing vital sexual health services, ultimately promoting healthier outcomes and empowering youth in District Dang.
UNCOVERING THE COGNITIVE MECHANISM OF EMOTIONAL VALIDITY IN CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Authors:   School of psychology, Nanjing normal University, Nanjing, China, XU SONG
Published: October 2024

decision-making, it is essential to comprehend the cognitive mechanisms that underlie emotional validity in conflict regulation. The congruence of emotional cues and task demands, which affects how attention and cognitive resources are allocated during dispute resolution, is known as emotional validity. This study examines recent studies looking at the behavioral impacts of emotional validity on conflict control processes as well as its brain correlates. Through interactions with brain regions associated in emotion regulation and cognitive control, it investigates how emotional cues alter attentional bias, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. The study also explores possible applications in clinical and real-world contexts, as well as implications for cognitive theories of emotion-cognition interaction.
THE ROLE OF JADIDS IN THE REFORM OF THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN TURKESTAN GOVERNORATE
Authors:   Master student, National university of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, Tukhtaev Nurullo
Published: October 2024

This article examines the pivotal role of the Jadid movement in reforming the judicial system of the Turkestan Governorate during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. By establishing modern educational institutions and advocating for legal reforms, the Jadids sought to address the inefficiencies and injustices of the traditional judicial framework. Their engagement with both local communities and Russian authorities facilitated a hybrid legal system that integrated modern principles with Islamic law. Despite facing opposition, the Jadids' efforts laid the groundwork for future reforms and continue to influence contemporary discussions on justice and rights in Central Asia. ‎
Diseño y representación visual en la IA generativa de la salud mental
Authors: Freire-Sánchez Alfonso , Fitó-Carreras MariA , Vidal-Mestre Montserrat , Barra-Pérez David
Published: October 2024

¿Cómo interpreta visualmente la IA generativa la salud mental? Para responder a esta pregunta, se plantea un estudio empírico de tipo experimental en el que se analizan las imágenes generadas por GenAI para representar la esquizofrenia paranoide, el trastorno de depresión mayor y la ansiedad. Entre otros resultados, la representación de la esquizofrenia paranoide es propia del imaginario cinematográfico de terror y tanto el trastorno de depresión mayor y la ansiedad está representados, en su mayoría, por mujeres. Los hallazgos señalan que la representación visual de la IA estigmatiza a las personas y crea sesgos entre ficción y realidad.