bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Literacy and adaptation strategy of rainfed lowland farmer on climate change risk in Takalar Regency
Authors: Mardiyati Sri , Natsir Mohammad , Nailah
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the level of literacy of farmers to the risk of climate change and to analyze climate change risk adaptation strategies in rainfed rice fields. This research was carried out intentionally in areas that have relatively wider rainfed rice fields in the Districts of North Polombakeng and South Polombakeng, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Sampling was conducted purposively on 147 farmer respondents. Data sourced from primary and secondary data. Data analysis is a qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the level of literacy of rainfed lowland rice farmers to climate change is the highest on the component of climate change impacts, while the lowest on aspects of climate change adaptation strategies. Farmers’ adaptation strategies in dealing with climate change in rainfed rice farming are the most dominant, including tracking climate change information, shifting planting time, managing cropping patterns, planting spacing, and using short-lived varieties. Rainfed lowland rice farmers in strengthening household food security to face the risk of climate change are more dominant in implementing storage strategies (food reserves), diversifying income in farming and non-farming, and empowering family members to obtain additional income.
Development of climate and land requirements for compatibility of land cocoa plant specification based on satellite image
Authors: Basri  , Harli  , Rosmawati Tamin  , Indrabayu  , Areni Intan Sari
Published: March 2021

Cocoa as leading plantation commodities, which is quite essential for the national economy that decreasing productivity from 2012 to 2018. The low productivity of cocoa is caused by the fact that cocoa plants that are planted do not meet the optimum growth requirements. Land quality as an optimal growth factor varies greatly in land and time quality, so it requires an in-depth study, one of which is the parametric approach. This approach analyzes the land requirements (soil and climate) for the suitability of specific cocoa plantations in particular regions, so this study aims to determine the characteristics of the land that correlate with cocoa productivity in a specific region. Also, this study aims to establish a land index through a deductive parametric approach in the PolewaliMandar Regency as a sample of research locations. Primary data were obtained from direct observation, while secondary data were obtained from related institutions. In addition, the determination of the profile location based on production data and cocoa crop distribution through satellite imagery and the Global Positioning System (GPS). Qualitative and quantitative analysis using regression data analysis was used. The results showed that the climate and soil conditions of the Polewali Mandar Regency were very suitable for the level of land suitability. All parameters tested in this study illustrate that land characteristics (climate and soil) in the PolewaliMandar Regency is very suitable for the optimum growth requirements of cocoa plants.
Social construction and types of participation in poverty alleviation
Authors: Ngangi C , Kaunang R , Lolowang T
Published: March 2021

Society is a crucial factor that influences poverty. It takes public participation that will bring a positive effect on poverty reduction so that the community will understand or understand the various final decisions that will make. The purpose of this study is to determine the Social Construction and Types of Community Participation in poverty reduction. This research conducted on 100 poor farmers in Tomohon Selatan District, Tomohon City. This type of research is qualitative, and the selection of informants using purposive sampling techniques. The research results obtained dialectical processes that occur through externalization, objectivation, and internalization. And the type of participation plays a role in social construction through a process of dialectic externalization, objectivation, and internalization that creates reality and provides an identity for poor farmers in poverty reduction.
Village governance in realizing smart village in Tongke-Tongke Village, Sinjai Regency
Authors: AR Asriadi , Jamaluddin A. , Jusniaty  , Abdullahi Alima Bachtiar
Published: March 2021

The implementation of the principles of good governance is the benchmark of good and clean government. The principles include community participation, upheld rules of law, transparency, care and stakeholder, orientation to consensus, equality for every person, effectiveness and efficiency, accountability, and strategic vision. In the village government, various efforts are made to develop the village, including the concept of Smart Village. A Smart village is a concept to adopt components or indicators of the Smart City concept to realize better village governance for the people. The indicators of the smart village include Smart People, Smart Environment, Smart Living, Smart Mobility, Smart Economy and Smart Governance. Based on the above, a study on village governance to realize a smart village was performed. The study was performed in Tongke-tongke Village, East Sinjai Sub-district, Sinjai Regency on June-August 2019. The research method is a qualitative research method with a phenomenology research type. The researchers collect data by performing in-depth interviews with research objects or informants, as well as directly observing how the research object interpret their experience to others. The research result showed that the governance of Tongke- tongke village hasn’t applied all concepts of a smart village. The only met indicator was smart mobility. However, there were efforts to improve governance to implement the concept of smart village with the availability of fund to develop information technology and human resources, and the commitment of village officials to realize good governance
Industrialization and regional income inequality: agriculture transformation
Authors: Rauf R A , Suparman  , Husnah  , Halwi M D , Pratama M F , Mayapada A G , Arsyad M
Published: March 2021

Industrialization and income inequality is a crucial issue in developing countries. This paper analyzes the level of income inequality in Morowali and Banggai Regencies, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Inequality income is proxied by Gini, Williamson and Theil (GWT) indices. The Gini coefficient was calculated based on data obtained from questionnaires distributed to 150 households. The Williamson index and Theil index were calculated by using the data of gross domestic per capita regional income. The results reveal that the regional income inequality of Morowali and Banggai Regency increased when the economic growth of both regions experienced a significant increase, when the large mining industry began to operate in both areas. The manufacturing and mining industries in have succeeded in shifting the dominance of agriculture sector. The level of income inequality among households and regional has reached a moderate level and tends to fluctuate. Meanwhile, the level of income distribution between regions within regencies is relatively low. The government should consider the impact of industrial presence in areas originally sustained by the agrarian sector in relation to income distribution. Second, the preparation of skilled and educated local workers in facing the industrialization era needs to be conducted
Changes in sources and income levels in Samata Village, Somba Opu District, Gowa Regency
Authors: Akhsan  , Sarah A , Fahmid I M , Diansari P , Ali M S S , Mahyuddin  , Sukardi L
Published: March 2021

Shifting people’s livelihoods is the change of a population’s work from agriculture to non-agriculture, which is a source of income to finance the living needs of each family. This study aims to determine changes in sources and income levels in Samata Village, Somba Opu District, Gowa Regency. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive qualitative analysis using frequency tables. The results of this study indicate that the change in source and income level in the Samata village is marked by the transfer of livelihood sources, which results in a change in the amount of income.
Social capital analysis and its relations with the household food security of the coastal community
Authors: Rahmadanih  , Demmallino E B , Ishak M A , Bulkis S , Fudjaja L , Ibrahim T , Zainal
Published: March 2021

Food security is still a problem in the coastal community. One of the resources or capital that can be used to develop food security is social capital. This study aims to (1) analyze the social capital of the coastal community, (2) analyze the level of household food security of the coastal community, and (3) analyze the relationship between social capital and the level of household food security of coastal communities. This research was conducted in Barrang Lompo Sub-District, Sangkarrang District, Makassar City, in 2018 using the survey method. The unit of analysis is a fishing household with a total sample of 40 households. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The results showed that the elements of social capital, especially trust, networking, and reciprocity of the fisherman community, are in the medium and high level. There are 53.00% of fisherman households that have a high level of social capital. Trust, networking, and reciprocity in the fisherman community help them to maintain the sustainability of food availability at the household level, especially during famine season. Statistically, social capital is related to the level of food security of fishermen households (χ
2 = 8.02; C = 0.41).
Warehouse receipt system and food security: factors that influenced farmers’ decisions
Authors: Mahyuddin  , Armita N , Darma R , Summase  , Fahmid I M , Sulili A , Syah I T , Anwar
Published: March 2021

The Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) aims to increase commodity selling prices through sales delays and financing. Credit with stored production collateral is used to meet the needs of farmers in facing the next crop season. The research objective is to find out what factors influence farmers’ decisions in utilizing WRS. The research method is a survey with 18 respondents or 50 percent of farmers who use WRS. Data were analyzed by logistic regression. The results showed that the factors that significantly influenced farmers’ decisions to use WRS were the distance from the warehouse to farming and the costs associated with using WRS as an external factor. WRS needs to be supported by WRS cost subsidies as a WRS capitalization process in the agricultural sector.
Demand analysis of rice as a strategic commodity in Makassar
Authors: Tenriawaru A N , Jamil M H , Darma R , Fudjaja  , Jannah M , Munira  , Balla
Published: March 2021

Rice is the primary needs of the human to survive. Moreover, food problems, especially in rice, are relating to availability, distribution, price, consumption, demands, and other impacting factors. Consumer demand toward rice is influencing by many factors, such as the price of rice, the price of substitution and complementary goods, and the total population. This study aims to analyze the factor which impacts the rice demand in Makassar. This study conducted Makassar from May to July 2017. Data used in this study is a time series collected from a 2011-2016 period and analyzed by linear regression analysis method. The result shows a determinant coefficient (R2) score is 0,925, which means that 92,5% of the dependent variable variances (Y) can be explained by its independent variables (X). The residual score of 7,5% has explained by other variables that do not include in the study. A simultaneous test (F- test) together impacts significantly toward the rice demand in Makassar, while partially (t-test) corn and egg price do not significantly impact the demand.
Partnership patterns in rice farming
Authors: Heliawaty  , Saadah  , Apiaty  , Darma R , Fudjaja L , T Kurnia , Lanuhu N , Amrullah A , Sulili A , Kurniati  , Halil
Published: March 2021

Lowland rice farming run by farmers in Toabo Village is faced with limited capital problems, limited agriculture machinery ownership, and grain prices low. Another problem is the Mamuju Regent Decree (SK) No. 188.45/120/KPTS/1/2018 on the implementation of the grain trade. In this decree, there is a rule that prohibits farmers from selling their products out of the area until Bulog stock needs are fulfilled. To overcome this problem, we need a solution that can help farmers provide capital loans, agriculture machinery, and guarantee the production market. One concept that can be done is cooperation in the form of partnerships. This study aims to describe the implementation of rice farming partnerships. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis. The results showed that the partnership that was carried out by UD Subur Dua with partner farmers used the agribusiness operational partnership (KOA) partnership pattern.
Factors affecting the volume of Indonesian CPO exports in international trade
Authors: Amiruddin A , Suharno S , Jahroh S , Novanda R R , Tahir Abd Gaffar , Nurdin Maryam
Published: March 2021

Palm oil is one of the commodities of plantation products that has an important economic role in Indonesia and is also an export commodity as foreign exchange earner for oil and gas. Palm oil produces the main product Crude Palm Oil (CPO). As main product, CPO continues to experience an increase in export volumes in line with the growing need for CPO in export destination countries, both as food raw material and biodiesel. However, when the implementation of the customs policy was issued in 2009, there was a change in the composition of exports from CPO to palm-derived products, namely RBD palm olein and PFAD. The main markets for Indonesian palm oil products are in Asia and Europe, the four largest countries, including India, Malaysia, the Netherlands, and Italy. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the volume of Indonesian CPO exports in export destination countries. Based on the results of Ordinary Least Square (OLS), the variables that significantly affect Indonesia’s CPO exports in export destination countries are (1) India: export volume lag, (2) Malaysia: soybean oil prices, (3) Netherlands: RCA, and (4) Italy: estimates of sunflower oil, RCA, exchange rates and dummy exit fees.
Measuring margin and efficiency of the rice marketing channel
Authors: Saadah  , Salam M , Asmawati  , Sakia N
Published: March 2021

Rice is a commodity that holds a strategic position, and rice is also a strategic industry for the national economy. Marketing systems usually revolve around activities between suppliers of goods. In this case, the grain suppliers come from farmers. The process of marketing rice/grain from farmers will undergo a long process and will experience changes in prices from farmers to consumers. The study was conducted in Apala Village, Barebbo District, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The analysis used in this study is a qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis using the marketing margin formula and marketing efficiency. The study results show that the margin in the first channel Rp. 3,933 with an efficiency level of 14.3% and a margin for the second channel of Rp. 3, 033 with an efficiency level of 12.4%. H al showed that both lines estab asaran have been efficient.
Analysis of the consumer decision making process in purchasing rice
Authors: Amrullah A , Saadah  , Ferawati  , Mandini A A , Abubakar I , Arfah S Y C , Sulaeman
Published: March 2021

Rice is a food commodity that is consumed by many Indonesian people. With the presence of branded and unbranded rice in the sale of rice on the market, a study of consumer behavior needs to be done so that the consumer’s needs for rice products are in line with expectations. Every time consumers experience changes in consuming. Changes that will directly affect consumer behavior patterns include market segmentation. This study aims to: analyze the decision-making process by consumers in the purchase of rice. This study was conducted at Makassar Terong Market. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis and chi- square test. The results of this study conclude that: all rice consumers undertake all stages of purchasing decision making namely problem recognition, information search, alternative evaluation, purchasing decisions, and post-purchase behavior. In demographics in terms of gender, age, marital status, employment, number of family members there is no relationship with purchasing decisions while in terms of education level and family income shows a positive relationship with purchasing decisions. In behavior segmentation, the benefits sought by consumers are not related to purchasing decisions, while the loyalty status indicates a relationship with purchasing decisions.
Analyzing the amount of banana Kepok marketing margin
Authors: Naufal M , Salam M , Saadah  , Khatimah H
Published: March 2021

Marketing margin is the price difference between the price paid by consumers and the price received by farmers. This study aims to determine the marketing channels of Banana kepoks, analyze the magnitude of marketing margins of Banana kepoks. The study was conducted in Marannu Village, Mattiro Bulu District, Pinrang Regency, South Sulawesi. This research was conducted using a random sampling method (simple random method) with the number of samples used at the farm level as many as 30 people. Whereas samples at the marketing agency level were taken using the snowball sampling method. The results of this study indicate, (1) there are two marketing channels of Banana kepoks is Marketing Channel I are Farmers, Collectors, Wholesalers, Retailers, Latest consumers. Marketing Channels II are Farmers, Collectors, Wholesalers, Latest consumers. The marketing margin shows that the largest total marketing margin is in Marketing Channel I, with a total margin of Rp. 2,320/kg, while the smallest total marketing margin is in Marketing Channel II, which is Rp. 2,000/kg.
Analysis credit accessibility of rice farmers to the informal financial institutions in the efforts of increasing productivity and income
Authors: Lumoindong Y , Bakri R , Syafirah R
Published: March 2021

Accessibility is the ability of farmers to reach and obtain credit services from financial institutions. The objective of this research is to determine the level of accessibility of farmers to informal financial institutions, as the productivity, also the income of farmers before and after obtaining credit. The research sites chosen were Barembeng Village, Bontonompo District, Gowa Regency. The population in this study was 120 people with intentional sampling, so 30 people obtained as the sample. The results of the study showed that farmers’ access to informal financial institutions was relatively high, with a percentage of 56.67%. This is because the procedure is quick and simple, according to the capacity of the farmers. The ease of access is based on the principle of trust because they are already known among borrowers and farmers, such as their relatives, neighbors, co-workers and other family relationships. The average productivity of the rice crop before obtaining credit is 3.33 Ton/Ha and after obtaining credit it becomes 4.19 Ton/Ha. This is due to an increase in production, in which higher production means higher productivity. The income of the rice crop before obtaining credit is Rp. 2,744,518.00 and after obtaining credit it increases to Rp. 5,446,834.00. The difference in income is due to the fact that the selling price of the grain has increased from the sowing period before the credit to the sowing period after the credit and the interest on loans that the farmers have to pay to the creditors.
Study of the Supply Water Discharge at the Micro Hydro Power Installation
Authors: Firmansyah  , Syarif Aida , Muchtar Zainuddin , Rusdianasari
Published: March 2021

Micro hydro-power plant (MHP) with 10 KW power in Sarwan Sub-village, Merbau Village Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, was installed by the funding of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of PT. Pertamina (Persero). It was built to utilize the water potential energy switched into electricity to meet the needs of the people of the Sarwan sub-village. It was also aimed to make Merbau village sustainable-energy independent. One of the supporting factors is the Sarwan river’s flow capacity so that the methodology used in this research tried to reanalyze the existing discharge of the river in Sarwan village. This study analyzed the discharge in July with the dry season intensity of 46.6 mm, and the discharge obtained was 0.496 m/sec so that the Pin was 12.18 Kw, and Pout was 8.47 kW with the energy demand by the people of Sarwan village amounting to 4.81 kW. This means that MHP in Sarwan village could back up all of the needs of the residents of Sarwan village for electricity for 24 hours, and the optimization of the utilization of MHP in Sarwan village remains potentially developed.
The Effectiveness of Electrocoagulation Process in Rubber Wastewater Treatment using Combination Electrodes
Authors: Rusdianasari  , Bow Yohandri , Syakdani Adi , Mayasari Dwi Indah
Published: March 2021

Industrial wastewater is one of the types of waste that can pollute the water environment. Almost the entire industry has one wastewater effluent owned rubber industry. Many of the rubber industry is less concerned about the quality of water and dispose of waste directly into the environment. Whereas in the rubber industry wastewater content, there are many pollutants that can harm the environment, especially the marine environment, such contaminants as metals, organic substances, and inorganic substances. For that, we need a method that can be used in treating wastewater of this rubber industry that is by electrocoagulation method. Electrocoagulation is a method of coagulation by using electric current through electrochemical events. Rubber wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation method is done by varying the voltage and process time, that is with variations of 12V, 15V, and 18V and with variation of process time 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes and 150 minutes to find out pH values, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), and Ammonia levels. From the research results obtained, optimum conditions are at a voltage of 18 volts with a processing time of 150 minutes. The effectiveness electrocoagulation of rubber wastewater was for TSS 85.39%, COD 56.14%, BOD557.18%, and NH373.5%, respectively. These results have fulfilled the environmental standards of rubber wastewater.
Model to Reduce the Risk of Tuberculosis Transmission through Tissue, Mask and Sosa Pocket Addition into DOTS System Completeness in Medan, Province of North Sumatera 2017
Authors: Sarumpaet Sorimuda , Syarifah
Published: March 2021

Prevalence of Tuberculosis in North Sumatera Province in 2013 was 200 per 100,000 population. Case Detection Rate in Medan in 2012 was 89.42 %, higher than national target of 70 %. Reducing the risk of transmission requires specific action to destroy the bacteria inside the sputum, can be obtained through mask usage, disposing sputum in the tissues and soaking them into SOSA pocket containing 5% klorofen (4-kloro-alfa-fenilokresol).This study aimed to compare the risk of TB transmission between intervention and non-intervention group in using SOSA pocket. The population all new TB patients with smear-positive who came to health center with highest pulmonary TB in Medan. The sample taken purposively 30 patients for intervention group which the SOSA pocket and 30 patients for non-intervention group which only mask. The design was a quasi-experiment using post-test only design with control. The risk of transmission was measured using the questionnaire after two-months application. The results presented significant reductions of transmission risk between intervention and non-intervention groups based on gender, age, education, occupation, Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) providers’ role, sputum disposing habit and the potential of transmitter source (p < 0.05). The health center are expected to educate TB patients using SOSA pocket to terminate TB transmission.
The Dynamic of Rubbish Bank Management in Solo City, Indonesia
Authors: Wardani R.R.I.K. , Istiqomah I.W. , Shalihah M. , Rusdiyana E. , Wibowo A.
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to find out the dynamic of rubbish bank in Solo City. This research employed qualitative approach with primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through focus group discussion (FGD), interview, and participatory observation. Secondary data was obtained using the analyses on article and data coming from Living Environment Office of Solo City. Data validation was carried out using data source triangulation. The result of research showed that rubbish production reached more than 291 ton/day in Solo City, 90% of which enter into the rubbish dump and less than 10% enter into rubbish bank. Out of 75 rubbish bank activated by community group, many of them are less active because the administrator generation does not run well, the participation of public or community as rubbish bank’s customers is low and the legal foundation of rubbish problem has not been implemented well.
The Design and Concept of Agro-Edutourism Park Using Sustainable Agriculture Principle at Attaqie Farm
Authors: Sumiasih IH , Ichniarsyah AN
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to provide a better understanding of agriculture to the society through the implementation of design and concept of sustainable agriculture in Attaqie Farm agro-edutourism park. The research was conducted in November 2018 – June 2019 at Attaqie Farm, Tuban, East Java, Indonesia. The research procedures were concept formulation, designing, organizing detail drawings and implementation of desired site plan. The result showed that the concept and design prepared by using sustainable agriculture principle successfully to be applied in the agro-edutourism park namely Attaqie Farm. In term of economy, this farm had entrepreneurship activities such as the production of organic fertilizer, fresh star fruit and its derivates. In term of social, this farm educated visitors about leafy vegetable culture in verticulture method. It was ecofriendly farm because it had recycling activity of the waste of leaf and fruit into organic fertilizer and applied back to the orchard.
Antimicrobial Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Isolated from Dadih against Escherichia coli
Authors: Pato U , Yusmarini Y , Fitriani S , Jonnaidi N.N , Wahyuni M.S , Feruni J.A , Jaswir I
Published: March 2021

Food is a material that is very susceptible to contamination by pathogenic microorganisms that affect the quality, shelf life and safety of food. One way to prevent contamination by pathogenic microorganisms is to add preservatives. Bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one of the natural food preservatives that are safe for human consumption. The aims of this study were to screen the ability of LAB isolated from dadih in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and to evaluate antimicrobial components that play a role in inhibiting the growth of E. coli. The antimicrobial sensibility of LAB to pH, heat and proteolytic enzymes was carried out using the referenced method. The results showed that supernatant from 12 LAB strains of dadih were able to inhibit the growth of E. coli with various inhibition zones. However, out of the 12 LAB, only 9 strains were found to have an inhibition zone of more than 4 mm. Then the 9 strains were tested for antimicrobial compounds, and it was found that 3 strains had antimicrobial activity derived from organic acids especially lactic acid, and 6 strains namely R-43, R-32, R-19, R-55, R-45 and R-41 had an antimicrobial effect in the form of bacteriocins based on the sensitivity test for pH, heat and enzyme treatments. Crude bacteriocin derived from 6 LAB strains inhibited the growth of E. coli, and the highest antimicrobial activity was found on Streptococcus lactis sub sp. diacelylactis R-43 with average inhibition zone of 8.9 mm. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the bacteriocin produced by S. lactis subsp. diacelylactis R-43 can be used as one of the natural preservatives for prevention from food-borne pathogen, E. coli.
Analysis Quality of Soft Cheese Cottage with Additional of Pineapple Juice (Ananas Comusus (L.) Merr) and Lactobacillus Fabifermentans
Authors: Sukainah Andi , Fadilah Ratnawaty , Putra Reski Praja , Akifah
Published: March 2021

Soft cheese that has been produced with the addition of three types of coagulant namely pineapple juice, lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus fabifermentans (Lactobacillus fabifermentans culture in isolation from the results of corn flour fermentation), and a mixture of pineapple juice and Lactobacillus fabifermentans. The best soft cheese obtained from the treatment of a mixture of pineapple juice 40% with lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus fabifermentans 8%. Furthermore, to improve the quality of soft cheese produced, then add 1% salt. The quality of the resulting cheese includes curd yield 23.17%. water content 68.03%, protein content 8.27%, fat content 5.46%, pH 4.14%, total acid 1.66%. Based on the results of the organoleptic test on the resulting soft cheese obtained the taste, aroma, texture, and color preferred by the panelists.
The study of carotene content and iodine value of oil from different ripening levels and storage duration of palm fresh fruit bunches
Authors: Ruswanto A , Ramelan A H , Praseptiangga D , Partha I B B
Published: March 2021

This research is needed because the palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) from the plantation were ripening before processing and the length of time when they arrived at the plant, can vary. Therefore, it can affect carotene content and iodine value changes in the mesocarp. Also besides, FFB originating from oil palm plantations in the Ungaran region of Central Java, Indonesia has never been studied. The objective of the research was to examine the carotene content and iodine value in palm fruit bunches on the level of ripening, storage duration of fresh fruit bunch (FFB). A completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors was used in this study. The first factor was the level of ripening of palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB), namely: under-ripe, ripe, over-ripe, loose fruit from bunches and the second factor was the shelf-life of FFB, namely: 12 hours of storage, 36 hours storage, 60 hours storage. The research was conducted with 3 repeated treatments. The observed parameters were carotene content, the water content of mesocarp, and the iodine value. The data obtained were processed and analyzed using ANOVA and followed by Duncan (DMRT) at α = 0.05 using SPSS version 25. The results of the study showed that the level of ripening of palm fresh fruit bunches significantly (α = 0.05) affect the carotene content, water content and iodine value. The carotene content of palm fruit bunches from the lowest to the highest is under-ripe, loose fruit from bunches, over-ripe, ripe. For the highest to the lowest fruit mesocarp water content is under-ripe, ripe, overripe, loose fruit from bunches. The highest amount of palm oil iodine was in ripe FFB and followed by over-ripe, under-ripe, loose fruit from bunches. Similarly, the storage duration indicated that there was a case against carotene levels, the water content of mesocarp and iodine value. At 12 hours of storage, carotene content, water content, and iodine value were higher than 36 hours and 60 hours storage.
The effect of blanching and extraction method on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Kencur (Kaempferia galanga. L) extract
Authors: Kiptiyah Sakina Yeti , Harmayani Eni , Santoso Umar , Supriyadi
Published: March 2021

Kencur (Kaempferia galanga. L) is a rhizome used to make Jamu, a traditional herbal drink commonly consume in Indonesia, that has been studied to be rich in phytochemical sources with biological properties that contribute to the health of the human body. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of blanching treatment and extraction methods (maceration and ultrasonic) on total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of kencur extract. The kencur samples were divided into five treatments; control (without any treatment), fresh by maceration extraction, blanching by maceration extraction, fresh by ultrasonic extraction, and blanching by ultrasonic extraction then analyzed the pH value, total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activities using the 2-2-diphenyl-1 method-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The results of this study indicate that the kencur extract sample has a pH value ranging from 6.2 to 6.5. The total phenolic sample of kencur extract by blanching and ultrasonic extraction (67.32 mgGAE/L) was higher than control (41.66 mgGAE/L). Total flavonoid sample of kencur extract by blanching and ultrasonic extraction (452.76 mgEK/L) was higher than control (282.87 mgEK/L). The antioxidant activity sample of kencur extract by blanching and ultrasonic extraction (56.20% RSA) was higher than control (22.1% RSA). This study concludes that the combination of blanching treatment with ultrasonic extraction showed a significant increase in total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of kencur extract.
The Preservation Epididymis Spermatozoa of Buffalo into Talp Diluent with Addition of Serum Level
Authors: Harissatria  , Surtina Dara , Jaswandi  , Hendri  , Astuti T , Afrini D , Sari R M , Hendri J , Asri A
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of epididymis spermatozoa of buffalo after preservation with TALP media by adding serum with different level. The method used in this study is the experimental method and the design used is a randomized block design (RBD) with 3 treatment by adding bovine serum (0%, 5%, and 10%) and there are 6 replications as a group (repetition in the form of days). The result showed that the addition of serum into TALP diluent had a significant effect (P>0, 05) on the percentage of the motility of cauda epididymis spermatozoa of swamp buffalo after preservation which was 73, 33 in P2 10% serum and the viability is 79,167 ± 2,04 on P2 10%. This can be used as an indicator that the serum is effective in protecting spermatozoa from damages during the cryopreservation process, so by that, it would improve the quality of cauda epididymal spermatozoa of swamp buffalo. While the percentages of abnormality of cauda epididymis spermatozoa of swamp buffalo after preservation did not have a significant effect (P>0, 05). Based on the result of this study it can be concluded that the addition of 5% serum and 10% addition of egg yolk and 5% addition of glycerol will improve the quality of motility and viability and had no adverse effect on abnormalities after the preservation process at low temperature.
The Characteristics of Volatile Compounds of Kenari (Canarium indicum L.) Shell Liquid Smoke
Authors: Yusnaini  , Suryanto Edi , Hasan Said , Wulansari Angela , Dewi Eka Kusuma
Published: March 2021

Kenari (Canarium indicum L.) shell is a potential raw material for liquid smoke. The quality of liquid smoke depends on the volatile compounds of it. This study was aimed to qualify the volatile properties of Kenari (Canarium indicum L.) shell liquid smoke. The characteristic of volatile compounds of Kenari shell liquid smoke was determined in qualitative study of it’s volatile components. Kenari shell liquid smoke was produced using pyrolysis method. The pyrolysis process was carried out at temperature 420°C for 100 mins. Volatile compounds of Kenari shell liquid smoke was analized using GC-MS. The GC-MS detected 58 peaks of Kenari shell liquid smoke sample. It was consisted of 32.8% phenolic sompounds, 48.3% carbonyl compounds, 10.3% acidic compounds, and 8.6% unknown compounds. Major volatile compounds of it were consisted of acetic acid, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (syringol), 2-furanecarboxaldehyde (furfural), phenol, and 2-methoxyphenol (guaiacol).
Copepods as Natural Feed For Fish Hatchery: Formulated Diet For Copepods, Acartia spp., Mass Culture
Authors: Yusup D S , Subagio J , Kurdi  , Proborini M W
Published: March 2021

High nutritious natural food for larval fish at a hatchery is copepods. However, the use of copepod for fish hatchery in Indonesia has not developed yet, it is related to the constrain on copepod mass culture. The species of Copepod that has been widely used is Acartia spp.. The objective of this study was to determine the formulated diet for Acartia spp. mass culture. Four formulated diets were the combination of three materials i.e. i.e. fish meal, PSP meal and krill meal. The diets were applied in 1500 L mass culture. The finding of this study emphasize that feed formula PS-P + krill (TR) is considered as the promising feed for Acartia spp mass culture. This finding also indicates that in the incoming time it is crucial to develop copepods feed to boost copepods production by including marine algae that exclusively produce Omega-3 fatty acid EPA and DHA, the nutrients play a vital role in copepods reproduction and growth
Substitution of commercial feed with moringa leaf meal to improve the sperm quality of male rabbit
Authors: Suarni N M R , Ermayanti N G A M , Wirasiti N N , Mahardika I G
Published: March 2021

The aims of this study were to find out the effects of moringa leaf meal substitution in commercial feed on the sperm quality of male rabbits (bucks). Twenty four months old male rabbits with an average live weight of 1200g were used in this study. There were four treatments in this study including 0% (K0) as control and 15% (K1), 30% (K2), 45% (K3) substitution of moringa leaf meal in commercial feed and each treatment consisted of six replicates. The treatments were carried out for two months. The variables measured were including motility, viability, morphology and the total of sperm. The results showed that there were significant differences (P <0.05) between all treatments (K1, K2, K3) and the control (K0). Substitution of moringa leaf meal up to 45% in commercial feed increase quality of sperm (motility, viability, morphology and the total of sperm. The optimal substitution of moringa leaf meal in commercial feed in this study was 30%. It was concluded that the moringa leaf meal might be substituted in commercial feed up to 45 % to improve the sperm quality of male rabbits (bucks). To get maximum sperm quality of male rabbits it should be better substituted the commercial feed with moringa leaf meal as much as 32.31% - 35.07%.
Quality Characteristics of Biodegradable Film Prepared From Duck Feet Gelatin
Authors: Shaari Syuzeliana , Huda Nurul , Sulaiman Mohd Rosni , Nafchi Abdorreza Mohammadi , Zakaria Zarinah
Published: March 2021

Biodegradable films containing different concentrations of duck feet gelatin (DFG) (2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5%) were produced, and their mechanical and physicochemical properties were measured and compared to those of biodegradable films made from commercial bovine gelatin (CBG). Gel strength of DFG (306.96 g) was significantly higher than that of CBG (216.78 g). Elongation at break (EAB), thickness, and water vapour permeability of DFG films significantly increased as the concentration of gelatin increased. Films with DFG concentration of 3.5% had the EAB value 33.00, compare to CBG with EAB value 25.56%. DFG films exhibit significantly lower water solubility compared to CBG films. Water solubility of films with DFG concentration of 3.5% is 32.37%, meanwhile for CBG is 48.74%. Both of the gelatin films prepared from DFG and CBG were transparent, as indicated by the high L*, ranging from 94.64 to 96.01 for DFG and 95.54 to 96.06 for CBG sources. These results indicate that DFG has great potential for future application as a source material for production of gelatin-based biodegradable films.
The Effect of Tempe Substitution and Addition of Carrot Puree on The Acceptability and Nutritional Value of Sausages for Snacks for School Children
Authors: Azizi Elsa Carla , Bahar Asrul , Adi Annis Catur
Published: March 2021

Snacks for school children were generally only high in carbohydrates and fats, but low in protein, therefore it was necessary to study the juveniles of high-protein school children but the price was relatively cheap. This study aims to determine the effect of tempeh substitution and the addition of carrot puree to the acceptability and nutritional value of sausages for snacks for school children. Organoleptic test results were statistically analyzed using the Friedman non-parametric test and if there were significant differences then to find out the different pairs the Wilcoxon test was used with α = 0.05. Determination of the best formula was taken from the highest average value of the overall acceptance of carrot tempe sausage. Laboratory test data for nutrient content were analyzed with a single ANOVA and followed by Duncan test if the treatment affected certain parameters. Tempe substitution and the addition of carrot puree significantly influence on the taste and aroma of sausages, but did not significantly influence on the color and thickness of sausages. The best sausage product based on panelist acceptance was F1 formula. Tempeh substitution and addition of carrot puree significantly influence to the content of all nutritional parameters analyzed. The best sausage product based on nutrient content was F1 formula with protein content per 100 grams of sausage of 16.62 ± 0.45 grams and could meet the standard levels of protein in commercial sausages (minimum 13.00%) and was able to meet 33.24% of the protein requirements in the RDA children aged 10-12 years.
The Effect of Competency and Entrepreneurial Motivation on Nopia Snack Business in Banyumas District
Authors: Pangestika Tria Widi , Watemin  , Budiningsih Sulistyani
Published: March 2021

The development of the business is running rapidly nowadays, especially small and medium enterprises that are competing in processing and utilizing agricultural product. One of small and medium business that is developing in Banyumas Sub-District is Nopia snack. Yet this business faced many problems which include internal and external. As internal problem, this small industry is dominated by small-scale businesses that have limited human resource, low level of education, and small capital. As external problem, the business too much relies on to wholesalers. This study aims to find out the profile of entrepreneurs and to analyse the influence of entrepreneurial competence and motivation on the successful of Nopia Snack business in Banyumas District. Descriptive analysis, likert scale and multiple linear regression analysis were used in this research. The F results show the F arithmetic is 102.8 and F table is 3.25 (F artithmetic > F table) and the significance value in the table is 0.000 or less than the 0.05 significance level. The successful of Nopia Snack business was significantly influenced by entrepreneurial competencies and motivation.
Chemical Compounds From The Antibacterial Active Fraction Of Cordyline fruticosa (L)
Authors: Elfita  , Muharni  , Mardiyanto  , Fitrya
Published: March 2021

Cordyline fruticosa (L) known as dehuang, belongs to the family Agavaceae. The chemical constituents of this plant includes steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and saponins. The secondary metabolites of the genus Cordyline have various biological activities, one of which is antibacterial. The antibacterial compounds can be applied to many fields such as food, drinks, and medicines. The stem of C. fruticosa was extracted by maceration in a gradient solvent namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each fraction was evaporated using a rotary evaporator and their antibacterial activity was determined using the Kirby Bauer method against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi as Gram negative, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis as Gram positive. The chemical compounds were isolated from antibacterial active fractions by chromatographic techniques and their chemical structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. Two compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction as a steroid and triterpenoid.
The Development Strategy of Dampit Coffee Ecotourism To Improve the Rural Economy (A Case Study in Amadanom Village, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Priminingtyas Dina Novia
Published: March 2021

Coffee is a plantation that has a significant contribution to the economy in Indonesia. One of the centers of coffee production in Indonesia is in East Java Province, including in Dampit District, Malang Regency. At present, the development of Dampit coffee is not only related to its production and marketing but also related to the development of Dampit coffee ecotourism managed by farmer groups Tani Makmur as a strategy to promote Dampit coffee. The purpose of this research are to study the internal and external environment and to analyze the development strategy of Dampit coffee ecotourism in Dampit District, Malang Regency, East Java. The problems that occur in Dampit coffee ecotourism have not been managed optimally, the facilities are still limited and the lack of promotion so that there are few visitors. Therefore, the synergy between all parties including farmer groups, village officials, local government and the private sector needs to be improved.
The Effect of Illumination on Work Result in Sorting Department
Authors: Wahyuni Dini , Panjaitan Nismah , Budiman Irwan
Published: March 2021

In order to perform well and obtain a good result, working in a company requires conducive working conditions. Working conditions can be physical environment or a social organizational environment. The physical environment is including temperature, humidity, and illumination. The research was conducted in the sortation activity in the printing and plastic industries which were done separately. The workers in both industries have a task to separate defective products in the production. The lack of illumination conditions causes many defective products pass the inspection. This condition leads to complaints from customers because they receive the product that does not comply with the specification. This research was conducted through observation of the sortation activities, measurement of illumination level in the workspace, and identification the number of defective products which pass the inspection. Determination of the measurement points is done by dividing working areas by the grids based on room width and referring to SNI 16-7062-2004. Based on the observation results, Product Moment Pearson is used to seeing how much the influence of illumination levels to work result. This level of influence becomes the reference of the recommendations to improve working result in sorting department. It is recommended to increase the number of lumen lamps that use the existing lighting installation to meet the required level of illumination.