bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact Of Glubran 2 Use As A Biliostatic and Hemostatic Agent During Liver Resection In Pediatric Patients
Authors: Khedr El Sayed Mohamed Elsayed , Abdelazim Osama , Mohamed Rawan , Tarek Mahmoud
Published: December 2024

Background
Pediatric liver resection presents unique challenges, particularly in achieving effective hemostasis and biliostasis. Glubran 2, a synthetic surgical adhesive material composed primarily of modified n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, has shown a promise in various surgical applications. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Glubran 2 application on alleviation of postoperative complications in pediatric liver resections.
Methods
This retrospective study was conducted on 22 pediatric patients underwent liver resection, those receiving intraoperative Glubran 2 on the transected liver surface. the current research was planned to investigate the mitigating action of glubran 2 on the hepatic resection related biliary leakage and bleeding .
Results
The mean age was 3.1 years (± 3.15). Hepatoblastoma was the most common pathology (50%). Right hepatectomy was performed in 59.09% of cases. Following the application of Glubran, postoperative biliary leakage showed no effect when compared with the results in literature, occurring in 18.18% of patients, with varying degrees of severity. however, the incidence of postoperative bleeding was markedly improved, observed in just 5.26% of patients. The mean hospital stay was 11.6 days (± 4.94), ranging from 3 to 22 days.
Conclusions
This study highlights the use of a hemostatic and a biliostatic agent like Glubran 2 that may potentially impact the outcome after liver resection in pediatric patients regarding bleeding.
Predictive value of β2 microglobulin for Cardiac Valve Calcification in Non-Dialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-5
Authors: Lu Liangxiang , Feng Jialun , Wang Yiru , Zheng Jinhua , Wei Zefeng , Wang Ziqiang
Published: December 2024

Objective This study aimed to observe the incidence and risk factors of cardiac valve calcification (CVC) in non-dialysis patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stage 3–5. Correlation of β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) level with cardiac valve calcification and its predictive value were further investigated.Methods Patients hospitalised in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University between January 2019 and November 2023 were selected and diagnosed as CKD stage 3–5 according to the assessment of glomerular filtration rate. Their general data, laboratory tests and cardiac ultrasound results were collected. The incidence and risk factors of CVC were observed..The correlation and predictive value of β2-MG with cardiac valve calcification were analysed using the ROC method.Results A total of 269 patients were selected. There were 59 cases (21.9%) in the CVC group and 210 cases (78.1%) in the non-CVC group. Single aortic valve calcification is the most common. The incidence of CVC in stage 3–5 CKD patients were 15.9% (28/176), 26.3% (20/76) and 64.7% (11/17). Age, renal function stage and the level of β2-MG are risk factors for CVC. ROC analysis shows that the optimal cut-off value of β2-MG is 7.605ug/L. The sensitivity is 0.559, the specificity is 0.724, and the AUC is 0.700( 95%CI = 0.627ཞ0.772, P<0.001 ).Conclusion Age, renal function stage and β2-MG are risk factors for CVC. The levels of β2-MG can be used to predict the occurrence of CVC in non-dialysis patients with CKD stage 3–5.
Neural-Network-Assisted Detection of Superconducting Topological Semimetals
Authors: Wang Jun-Ang , Kotetes Panagiotis
Published: December 2024

Diagnosing nontrivial topology is one of the core pursuits of modern condensed matter physics. Up to date, a wide range of theoretical techniques have been developed for this purpose. However, the majority of these are tailored for analyzing theoretical models, rather than actual experiments. Here, we propose a machine-learning-based protocol for the identification of two-dimensional superconducting topological semimetals using superfluid stiffness data as an input. In their normal phase, these superconductors contain band touching points (BTPs) which carry nonzero topological charges, i.e., vorticities. Our method relies on detecting certain vorticity-associated patterns encoded in heat maps of the superfluid stiffness obtained by varying the chemical potential and an applied Zeeman field. We show that our neural network attains a notably high accuracy in predicting the energy-resolved total absolute vorticity of BTPs. We reach to this conclusion by testing our approach against superfluid stiffness data theoretically-obtained from suitable extended-Dirac and graphene models.
Intention to use immediate-postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptives and associated factors among pregnant women in third-trimester at Arba Minch town, South-Ethiopia, 2024; Using Theory of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Hailegiorgis Eden , Shewangizaw Misgun , Tunje Abayneh
Published: December 2024

Background: Ethiopia has made significant strides in reducing unintended pregnancies and empowering individuals to manage their family size through the national reproductive health strategy. This strategy has decentralized services to provide a comprehensive range of family planning options, ensuring quality. However, the intention to use and actual utilisation of immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptives is still low, contributing the least to the contraceptive mix. Hence this study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with the intention to use immediate-postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptives among third-trimester pregnant women in Arba Minch town, South Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 6 July to 2 August 2024. A total of 373 third-trimester pregnant women were includedin the study using a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire developed based on a qualitative elicitation study. And analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27. Multiple linear regression was employed, variables with a p-value of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The strength of the associations was estimated using beta coefficient and their 95% confidence interval.
Result: The prevalence of the intention was found to be 35.6%. Direct attitude (β=0.286, p=0.012), direct subjective norm (β=0.182, p<0.001), direct perceived behavioural control (β=0.504, p<0.001), history of long-acting reversible contraceptive use (β=-1.765, p=0.029) and age of women (β=0.098, p=0.019) were significantly associated factors.
Conclusion: Local health authorities should prioritise addressing beliefs behind the constructs through targeted social and behavioural change communication campaigns and capacity building of healthcare professionals to improve intention to use of these contraceptives. Non governmental organisations working in maternal and child health are encouraged todevelop culturally applicable educational materials targeting the beliefs identified and advocate benefits of using these methods.
Evaluating the Impact of Peer Based Services and Multi-Sector Collaboration on Opioid Use, Overdose, and Treatment Utilization Among Criminal Justice-Involved Individuals with Opioid Use or Misuse
Authors: Sutter-Barrett Rebecca , Spencer Nancy R.B. , Elnahas Nora , Austin Steven , West Allen , West Allison , Mundie Caitlyn
Published: December 2024

Background: The Empowered Communities Opioid Project (ECOP) is a peer-based initiative designed to support individuals with opioid use or misuse who have intersected with the criminal justice system. This study evaluated the relationship between ECOP retention and opioid use, overdose, and utilization of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) among participants. A longitudinal study was conducted with 265 participants who voluntarily enrolled in ECOP post-incarceration. Program retention, self-reported overdose rates, opioid use patterns, and MOUD utilization were evaluated using surveys delivered at four intervals: baseline, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months between 2018 and June 2024.
Results: Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and descriptive statistics were used to assess relationships between program retention and recovery outcomes. The analysis revealed a significant association between ECOP retention and improved recovery outcomes. Participants retained in the program demonstrated lower rates of opioid use (p < 0.05), overdose (p < 0.001), and increased MOUD utilization (p < 0.05). Most strikingly, the self-reported overdose rates showed a dramatic reduction. Overdose decreased by 23% in 2022, 42% in 2023, and 51% in 2024 for those retained in ECOP.
Conclusions: Participation in ECOP is significantly associated with reduced opioid use, overdose, and increased MOUD utilization. These findings highlight the critical role of peer-based interventions and multi-sector collaboration in supporting recovery. While the program shows substantial success, challenges remain in improving long-term retention. Future research should prioritize strategies to enhance retention, assess additional factors influencing recovery, and adapt the program for diverse populations.
Individualized vs standard control of intraoperative blood pressure on serum creatinine profile and release of microRNA-21-5p after major gastrointestinal surgery in older patients with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lu Jiangfeng , Jiang Zongming , Song Qiliang , Chen Wendi , Chen Zhonghua , Li jia
Published: December 2024

Background: Intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative renal function decline. Whether personalized blood pressure control is favorable for renal function remains unknown. This study investigated the effects of individualized intraoperative blood pressure management on renal function and serum microRNA-21-5p levels in older patients with hypertension after major gastrointestinal surgery.
Methods: A total of 220 patients scheduled for elective major gastrointestinal surgery were randomly divided into two groups: conventional blood pressure management (Group C) and individualized blood pressure management (Group S), with 110 patients in each group. In Group S, blood pressure was controlled within ±10% of baseline systolic blood pressure or ±20% of baseline mean arterial pressure. Moderately open fluid management strategies were adopted in both groups. Blood samples were collected from all patients before and after surgery to measure creatinine and microRNA-21-5p levels.
Results: The creatinine level was significantly lower in Group S than in Group C seven days after surgery (P<0.05), and the reduction in creatinine levels in the week following surgery was also significantly greater in Group S than in Group C (P<0.05).
The relative expression level of microRNA-21-5p was also significantly lower in Group S than in Group C at the end of surgery and 6 h post-surgery (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively).
Conclusion: Intraoperative individualized blood pressure management could reduce the release of microRNA-21-5p related to renal injury and attenuates the elevation of postoperative creatinine in older patients with hypertension.
Trial registration number: ChiCTR1900022713 and Date on :2019/04/23
Patients with anti-PM/Scl-positive and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy resemble antisynthetase syndrome
Authors: Barbosa Rafaella do Amaral , Shinjo Samuel Katsuyuki
Published: December 2024

Background. Anti-PM/Scl autoantibody has been associated with an overlap between polymyositis (PM) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, owing to few studies, we analyzed the relevance of this autoantibody in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) without SSc.
Methods. This single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2004 and 2024. Of these, 93 adult patients with IIMs (66 with dermatomyositis and 27 with PM - EULAR/ACR 2017) without SSc were included: 16 anti-PM/Scl(+) and 77 anti-PM/Scl(-). We excluded patients with other types of IIMs, cancer-associated myositis, or overlap myositis, including SSc, as well as those with other myositis-specific and/or myositis-associated autoantibodies.
Results. The median age, sex distribution, and white ethnicity, and median follow-up duration were comparable between the anti-PM/Scl(+) and anti-PM/Scl(-) groups. There were no differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics, except for a higher frequency of lung involvement, joint involvement, “mechanics’ hand,” “hiker’s feet,” and Raynaud’s phenomenon, in contrast to a lower frequency of facial rash and “V”-neck sign in patients with anti-PM/Scl(+) than in those with anti-PM/Scl(-) (all p<0.05). Furthermore, patients with anti-PM/Scl(+) presented a higher frequency of disease relapse (68.8% vs. 33.8%), disease activity (50.0% vs. 24.7%), and immunosuppressant use at the last medical evaluation (all p<0.05). Severe infection and death rates were comparable between the groups.
Conclusions. Anti-PM/Scl positivity was observed in 17.2% of IIMs’ patients without SSc. Patients with this autoantibody present clinical manifestations resembling antisynthetase syndrome with increased disease relapse and disease activity.
Zoning of Critical Hubs of Climate Change (Flood-Drought) Using the Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System and Copula Functions Case study: Khorramabad Basin
Authors: Robati Maryam , Najafgholi Pouriya , Nikoomaram Hanieh , Vaziri Baharak Motamed
Published: December 2024

Climate change is currently the major challenge facing mankind, and this crisis has been the topmost global issue due to the increasing role of human activities and the high sensitivity of human societies to the threats caused by these changes. The climate changes created for humans and nature have led to risks and threats that occur on different spatial and temporal scales. Therefore, adopting policies to deal with climate change will be a critical issue in risk management. Nonetheless, identifying critical hubs in the study area helps improve the risk management process in the ​​risk assessment of climate change consequences, such as floods and droughts. Accordingly, this study mainly aimed to identify such points in the study area according to this principle. As with other parts of the world, the Khorramabad Basin (Lorestan province, Iran) is prone to serious risks in terms of climate change. This area is located as a Class III sub-basin in the Class II Karkheh basin and the Class I basin of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of ​​Oman. In this study, the critical hubs of the desired watershed were identified using the HEC-HMS rainfall simulation model to prioritize the flood-prone sub-basins of the Khorramabad Basin. The sub-basins with a high drought risk were prioritized with the detailed function (copula) statistical method. An important point in this evaluation is the use of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) precipitation data as common data in the analyses made in the flood and drought sections. The return rate was also calculated in both methods. The model implementation and statistical analysis revealed that the highest probability of flood occurrence belonged to the flooded part of W990, W1140, and W710 sub-basins, with respective flow volumes and maximum flow rates of 5140.8364 mm and 1389.276 m3/s, 539.0018 mm and 383.838 m3/s, and 466.8089 mm and 1561.104 m3/s, based on the flow volume in all the estimated return periods. In the drought section, the sub-basins W1070, W730, and W610 would be the most critical hubs in terms of drought probability, with return periods of 1.1578, 1.1923, and 1.1976 years, respectively.
Surgical Rib Fixation in Patients with Cardiopulmonary Disease Improves Outcomes
Authors: Kim Jennie , Chien Chih Ying , Lewis Meghan , Benjamin elizabeth , Demetriades Demetrios
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The role of rib fixation (RF) in flail chest is debated, and guidelines conditionally recommend RF in highly selected patients. Patients with cardiopulmonary disease (CPD) have traditionally not been deemed surgical candidates. We hypothesize that RF would benefit even high-risk patients with CPD.
Methods: Adult patients with isolated flail chest and CPD were identified from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program database (2016–2018). Hospital transfers, patients dead within 72 hours, penetrating mechanism, concomitant thoracic aortic injury or cancer were excluded. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital complications, ventilator days, need for tracheostomy, and length of stay. RF patients were propensity score matched (1:1) to non-operative management (NOM) patients. Multivariate regression identified independent risk factors for outcomes.
Results: In this 3-year period, 4,614 patients were admitted with flail chest and history of CPD. After exclusions and propensity matching, 544 (12%) underwent analysis (RF n = 272, NOM n = 272). RF patients had a lower mortality compared to NOM patients (1.8% vs 5.5%, p = 0.023) but more likely to develop venous thromboembolic events (5.1% vs 1.85%, p = 0.036), prolonged ventilation (28.4% vs 15.1%, p < 0.001), and tracheostomy (15.4% vs 6.6%, p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed RF was independently associated with decreased mortality (OR 0.165, 95% CI 0.037–0.735, p = 0.018) while age > 85years (OR 145.115, 95% CI 9.721-2166.262) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (OR 8.283, 95% CI 1.375–49.888) were associated with increased mortality.
Conclusions: RF shows a survival benefit even in high-risk patients with CPD. Patient selection should be individualized but RF should not be excluded based solely on pre-existing conditions.
Does automated 3D computed tomography bronchography and angiography improve anatomical teaching in pulmonary segmentectomy?
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Yuan Fei , Liu Wen , Zuo Jianhui , Zhang Renquan , Wang Wei
Published: December 2024

Purpose
As pulmonary segmentectomy becomes increasingly common in the treatment of early-stage lung cancer, it is essential to provide relevant clinical training for residents. Three-dimensional CT bronchography and angiography (3D-CTBA) effectively illustrate the spatial relationships among the bronchi, arteries, and veins of pulmonary segments. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of automated 3D-CTBA technology in enhancing anatomical education for pulmonary segmentectomy training.
Methods
Fifty-two surgical residents were randomized into two groups: the 3D-CTBA group and the control group. The 3D-CTBA group utilized automated 3D-CTBA technology alongside specific case for segmentectomy training, while the control group relied on traditional teaching methods. After the training sessions, all participants completed a post-training assessment and questionnaires. Additionally, we collected feedback from instructors regarding the residents' performance through a separate questionnaire.
Results
Residents in the 3D-CTBA group achieved significantly higher scores on the post-training assessments compared to those in the control group (83.46 ± 6.75 vs. 68.27 ± 8.12, p < 0.001). Subjective survey results indicated that automated 3D-CTBA technology greatly benefited residents in preoperatively identifying tumor locations, recognizing anatomical variations during surgery, and mastering relevant surgical techniques. Feedback from instructors indicated that residents in the 3D-CTBA group performed better intraoperatively than those in the control group. Furthermore, residents in the 3D-CTBA group expressed greater interest in learning and higher satisfaction with the course.
Conclusion
Automated 3D-CTBA technology significantly enhanced residents' comprehension of the complex and variable anatomy of pulmonary segments, thereby improving their related surgical skills.
Higher interfragmentary compression force improves lateral tibial plateau fracture stability using locking plate fixation: Experimental and simulation verification
Authors: Xu Daqiang , Jiang Jiang , Ji Zhenhua , Wang Fei , Jia Rui , Hong Hong , Zhang Hongtao , Li Jianyi , Wang Jun
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study investigated the impact of higher interfragmentary compression force (IFCF) on the stability of locking plate fixation in lateral tibial plateau fractures.
Methods
Biomechanical experiments and finite element analysis (FEA) were employed to compare the performance of the AO cancellous lag screw (AOCLS) and a newly developed combined cancellous lag screw (CCLS).
Results
The results demonstrated that the CCLS provided a higher IFCF without the risk of over-screwing, significantly improving fixation stability. High IFCF markedly increased the initial axial stiffness, allowing for earlier weight-bearing in patients. Additionally, the FEA showed that increased IFCF reduced the peak von Mises stress on implants and the peak equivalent elastic strain on the lateral fragment, thereby enhancing overall structural stability.
Conclusions
These findings suggested that the CCLS, with its superior IFCF and reduced risk of over-screwing, was a promising option for improving fixation stability in lateral tibial plateau fractures. This improvement could facilitate early rehabilitation, minimise complications, and provide better clinical outcomes. These results provide strong scientific evidence for the clinical use of CCLS.
Successful Combined Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy (PGT-A) and for Monogenic Disorders (PGT-M) for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Following Kidney Transplant: A Case Report
Authors: Elbanna Wael Saad , Azmy Osama , Elhinnawi Manal Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Background:
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most prevalent genetic kidney disease characterized by the development of cysts in the kidney. It is caused mainly by mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes. Therefore, preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic kidney disease (PGT-M) is a promising strategy for preventing the transmission of the disease to the offspring.
Case Presentation:
Here, we present a case of ADPKD who underwent combined PGT-M and PGT-aneuploidy (PGT-A) and conceived a healthy fetus via intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Ultimately, a healthy girl was born.
Conclusion:
PGT-M offers a way for ADPKD couples to have a successful pregnancy and reduce the risk of passing on the disease. Genetic counseling and a team approach are essential for the effective use of PGT-M in these cases.
Deep Learning HRNet-FCN for Blood Vessel Identification in Laparoscopic Pancreatic Surgery
Authors: Shi Jile , Cui Ruohan , Wang Zhihong , Yan Qi , Ping Lu , Zhou Hu , Gao Junyi , Fang Chihua , Han Xianlin , Hua Surong , Wu Wenming
Published: December 2024

Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery remains highly challenging due to the complexity of the pancreas and surrounding vascular structures, with risk of injuring critical blood vessels such as the Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV)-Portal Vein (PV) axis and splenic vein. Here, we evaluated the High Resolution Network (HRNet)-Full Convolutional Network (FCN) model for its ability to accurately identify vascular contours and improve surgical safety. Using 12,694 images from 126 laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) videos and 35,986 images from 138 Whipple procedure videos, the model demonstrated robust performance, achieving a mean Dice coefficient of 0.754, a recall of 85.00%, and a precision of 91.10%. By combining datasets from LDP and Whipple procedures, the model showed strong generalization across different surgical contexts and achieved real-time processing speeds of 11 frames per second. These findings highlight the potential of HRNet-FCN to recognize anatomical landmarks, enhance surgical precision, reduce complications, and improve outcomes in laparoscopic pancreatic procedures.
Tetrazine-Enhanced Donor-Acceptor-Donor Photosensitive Metal-Organic Frameworks for Combating Drug-Resistant Bacteria and Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Guo Weiwei , Chen Yanzhao , Xue Yangyin , Xu Xiaowei , Su Yu , Zhu Long , Zuo Yifei , Ban Chao , Que Wancai , Zheng Yueqin
Published: December 2024

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and chronic wounds pose significant challenges in modern healthcare, de-manding innovative treatment approaches. In this study, we introduce two new donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) photosensi-tive metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring tetrazine as a potent electron acceptor. By incorporating tetrazine, we en-hance reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation while simplifying synthesis, resulting in efficient charge separation and boosted ROS production. Functionalized with L-arginine, the resulting composites, A@Zn-TDP and A@Ni-TDP, release both ROS and nitric oxide (NO) upon visible light activation, creating a dual-action mechanism that efficiently combats bacteria and accelerates wound healing. In vitro tests against MRSA, E. coli, and S. aureus demonstrate robust antibacterial activity, while in vivo studies reveal significantly accelerated wound closure, reduced bacterial load, and enhanced collagen deposi-tion and vascularization. This dual-action platform offers a powerful tool for tackling drug-resistant infections and promot-ing tissue regeneration in complex wounds, opening new avenues for advanced therapeutic solutions in challenging clinical settings.
Buffering of nuclear membrane tension and mechanotransduction by the endoplasmic reticulum revealed by quantitative ALPIN imaging
Authors: Niethammer Philipp , Shen Zhouyang , Gelashvili Zaza
Published: December 2024

Nuclear deformation by osmotic shock or necrosis activates the cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPla2) nuclear shape sensing pathway, a key regulator of tissue inflammation and repair. Ca²⁺ and inner nuclear membrane (INM) tension (TINM) are believed to mediate nucleoplasmic cPla2 activation. The concept implies that TINM persists long enough to stimulate cPla2-INM adsorption. However, TINM may instead be rapidly dissipated by the contiguous endoplasmic reticulum (ER), with cPla2-INM adsorption reporting rather on changes in Ca²⁺ than TINM. The impact of TINM and ER contiguity on nuclear shape sensing and mechanotransduction remains unknown.
To address this gap, we developed the Ca2+ insensitive, TINM-only biosensor ALPIN (Amphipathic Lipid Packing sensor domain Inside the Nucleus). By quantitative ALPIN imaging, we found that stress-induced ER fragmentation increases TINM and nuclear membrane mechanotransduction in osmotically shocked or ferroptotic cells, permeabilized cell corpses, and at zebrafish wounds in vivo. Our findings reveal critical roles for the ER and TINM in nuclear shape sensing and introduce ALPIN as promising tool for studying organelle membrane mechanotransduction in health and disease.
Effect of Caloric Restriction Combined with Probiotic Supplementation on Parameters Related to Weight Loss, Homeostatic, and Hedonic Systems of Food Intake in Adult Men Living with Obesity: Secondary Data from a Randomized, Parallel, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Quaresma Marcus dos Santos , Lucin Glaice , Marques Camila , Magalhães Ana Carolina , Ferracini Catarina França , Carrilho Filipa Alves , Nakamoto Fernanda , Mendes Gabriela , Alvares Leonardo Mobília , Santos Ronaldo
Published: December 2024

We aimed to investigate the effect of CR with probiotic supplementation on weight loss and parameters related to the homeostatic and hedonic systems. It is a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical trial (UTN: U1111-1247-9906). We include obese adult males, aged 25 to 44 years. The established CR was 30% of the daily energy expenditure. Probiotic supplementation was: two sachets of 1 g each of 1×10⁹ CFU of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, Lactobacillus paracasei Lpc-37, and Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. The primary outcomes: body composition. Secondary outcomes: leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), insulin, peptide YY (PYY), and adiponectin. Additionally, binge eating, emotional eating, and cognitive restraint were assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. The study includes per protocol analyses (CR + placebo [CRPLA] n = 12 vs. CR + probiotic [CRPRO] n = 13). Body mass (F = 65.9; p < 0.001) decreased after 4 and 12 weeks (p < 0.001). A similar result was found for absolute fat mass (F = 71.0; p < 0.001) after 4 and 12 weeks (p < 0.001). Leptin levels decreased (F = 13.2; p < 0.001) after 4 (p = 0.002) and 12 weeks (p < 0.001), without group or interaction effect. Moreover, GLP-1 levels did not change after intervention (F = 2.29; p = 0.114). Likewise, GIP (F = 2.0; p = 0.148) and adiponectin (F = 3.14; p = 0.053) levels did not change. Binge eating reduced (F = 16.5; p < 0.001) only in the CRPRO group (p = 0.018). Emotional eating decreased (F = 9.44; p = 0.005), but only in the CRPRO group (p = 0.047). Finally, cognitive restraint increased (F = 43.2; p < 0.001) in the CRPLA (p = 0.003) and CRPRO (p < 0.001) groups. In summary, CR reduced body mass and body fat, as well as decreased leptin levels and increased cognitive restraint. Additionally, reductions in binge eating and emotional eating scores were seen only in the CRPRO group.
Does myopic foresight modeling better capture real-world electricity system transition? Hindcasting in 31 European countries
Authors: Shen Hui , Wen Xin , Trutnevyte Evelina
Published: December 2024

Cost-optimization models typically use perfect foresight to generate scenarios of long-term energy transitions. Instead, real-world energy decisions tend to be made with shorter time horizons and limited knowledge about the future, suggesting the need for myopic foresight. No empirical evidence exists though if implementing myopic foresight in models leads to scenarios that better approximate potential real-world transitions. We use hindcasting to evaluate to what extent cost optimization can capture real-world national electricity system transitions in 31 European countries in 1990 to 2019, comparing perfect and myopic foresights. We find that myopic foresight leads to better hindcasting accuracy in projecting total system cost because the estimated costs are higher than in the case of perfect foresight. But technology-specific installed capacities which drive the costs are not necessarily captured better with myopic foresight. Incorporating historical policies in the models does not consistently result in improved hindcasting accuracy, calling for future research on how to better model policy effects, whether with perfect or myopic foresight. Finally, country-specific model set-ups, informed through hindcasting, become key for ensuring reliable long-term energy scenarios and policy assessments.
Interference Timing of GenAI Sales Agents in Virtual Reality
Authors: Weiss Tobias , Eilks Asmus Eike , Pfeiffer Jella
Published: December 2024

This study investigates how interference timing of artificial sales agents influences user experience in embodied virtual commerce environments. Specifically, we examine how different timing strategies affect consumer perceptions for generative artificial intelligence (GenAI)-driven agent interference in a virtual reality (VR) shopping scenario. Using a controlled experiment with 100 participants in a VR showroom for 3D printers, we compared two interference conditions: the agent either enters the room and offers assistance immediately or delayed after the consumer has examined all products once. The sales agent, implemented through an integrated artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline combining speech-to-text, a large language model, and text-to-speech capabilities, assisted participants in their decision-making process. Employing a Bayesian research methodology, our findings reveal that the timing of initial agent interference credibly influences user experience, primarily mediated through the consumer’s first impression of the agent’s warmth. The immediate interference approach demonstrated superior outcomes. These results provide valuable insights for the design of AI-driven sales environments, demonstrating both the technical feasibility of implementing multistage AI pipelines in virtual commerce and the importance of carefully considered interaction timing. Our findings contribute to the body of knowledge on digital service system transformation in commercial settings and offer practical guidelines for developing more effective virtual shopping experiences.
Impacts of Climate Change on Mental health in Bangladesh: A scoping review
Authors: Bakebillah Md. , Mapande Iddi , Khan Md Nuruzzaman
Published: December 2024

The mental health crisis associated with climate change is an ongoing global health concern, with Bangladesh being one of the most vulnerable countries. Approximately one in eight individuals worldwide experiences a mental health crisis, and it is estimated that 4.5% of the population in Bangladesh suffers from anxiety. This review intends to provide relevant information on how climate change impacts mental health in Bangladesh. The study utilised 12 published original articles selected from a pool of 366 relevant articles identified through searches in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases. The eligibility criteria focused on studies reporting mental health outcomes based on data from Bangladesh and published between 2014 and 2024. The finding highlights that climate change induced disasters like floods, cyclones, river erosion, and drought has significant impacts directly on several mental diseases such as depression, anxiety, stress, sleep disorder and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSDs) while family violence, conflicts, displaced, loss of family or relatives and assets contributing mental health indirectly. Moreover, women, elder and adolescents are the worst victims of mental health crises due climatic factors. Evidence-based interventions, the development of adaptive strategies, and livelihood supports are crucial to reduce the impact of climate change induced disasters on mental health in Bangladesh.
Energy Based Equality of Distributions Testing for Compositional Data
Authors: Sevinç Volkan , Tsagris Michail
Published: December 2024

Not many tests exist for testing the equality for two or more multivariate distributions with compositional data, perhaps due to their constrained sample space. At the moment, there is only one test suggested that relies upon random projections. We propose a novel test termed 𝑎–Energy Based Test (𝑎–EBT) to compare the multivariate distributions of two (or more) compositional data sets. Similar to the aforementioned test, the new test makes no parametric assumptions about the data and, based on simulation studies it exhibits higher power levels.
Barriers and Facilitators to End of Life Care in Huntington’s Disease – A review of the literature
Authors: Hosken Ruth
Published: December 2024

Background: The advanced stage of Huntington’s Disease has been a secondary focus to support and treatment interventions, resulting in limited knowledge about best practice end of life care for both individuals and their families. This article analyses the current state of knowledge about late stage Huntington’s Disease and end of life planning for people with the disease.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in the electronic databases using the following search terms: ‘Huntington’s Disease’ AND ‘end of life OR palliative care OR late stage OR advanced’. Forty two articles were identified for review.

Discussion: People with Huntington’s Disease think about their end of life wishes, but often do not discuss these with their doctors. Incorporation of an early palliative approach into a multidisciplinary neurology service is widely regarded as best practice and should include the early introduction of end of life planning, however many clinicians are not comfortable with discussing end of life care. This paper synthesises the available information and makes recommendations regarding advance care plans for people with HD.

Conclusion: Initiation of a palliative approach early in Huntington’s Disease has the potential to improve management of symptoms, increase the likelihood of advance care plans being developed and improve the overall quality of life throughout the duration of the illness; therefore, all clinicians working with people with Huntington’s Disease should have an understanding of palliative approaches.
Lewy body Dementia: What are the challenges of early and accurate diagnosis?
Authors: Rañola Madelaine B.
Published: December 2024

Collectively, Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) including Parkinson’s Disease Dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) account for the second leading type of dementia following Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Lee et al., 2019). Despite revised consensus criteria, detection rates in routine clinical practice remain poor (Vann Jones & O’Brien, 2013) with cases commonly misdiagnosed as AD (McKeith et al., 2017).

Diagnosis can be challenging due to the presentation of an extensive range of autonomic, motor, sleep, cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms which can vary within a person and between individuals (Taylor et al., 2020). Given the disparity in management and prognosis of LBD compared to other dementias (Fujishiro et al., 2013), the timing and accuracy of diagnosis is of great consequence.
Book Review: Roald Dahl’s Marvellous Medicine
Authors: Nichols Linda
Published: December 2024

Most of us know Roald Dahl’s Childrens works but few of us are familiar with his fascination with medicine and in particular neuroscience. During Dahl’s adult life his family suffered some terrible medical tragedies, and it was the medical interactions during these times that influenced some of his most famous writing from explosive potions in George’s Marvellous Medicine to Gobblefunk, the language created by Dahl for the BFG.
Roles and responsibilities of neuroscience nurses in preventing Ventriculostomy related infections in adults: an integrative literature review.
Authors: Abraham Elizabeth Viji
Published: December 2024

Background

The literature suggests that when nurses are aware of their roles and responsibilities, it may contribute to the improved quality of healthcare services. However, the identified roles and responsibilities of nurses in preventing ventriculostomy-related infections (VRI) are limited in the literature, despite their active participation in the management of external ventricular drainage (EVD).

Method

The CINAHL Complete, Health Source: Nursing and Academic edition, and MEDLINE Complete were accessed simultaneously through the EBSCO database. The database was searched using the key search terms for peer-reviewed, full-text journal articles in English from 2016 onwards. More literature including some seminal articles were retrieved from the Scopus database after searching through the reference lists of relevant articles. The selected articles were appraised for quality and then thematically analysed.

Results

The thematic analysis of the 34 selected articles elucidated seven themes that inform certain nursing roles and responsibilities that could contribute to VRI prevention.
2023 Annual Demographic Survey of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorder Nurse Specialists
Authors: Tsui David , Williams Susan
Published: December 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative condition, ranking as the most common among movement disorders. People living with Parkinson’s disease benefit from the specialised skills and expertise of a dedicated Parkinson’s disease and movement disorders nurse specialist (PDMDNS) (Bramble, Carroll, & Rossiter, 2018). Access to a PD nurse embedded into the local health setting impacts the potential to avoid hospital admissions due to worsening of symptoms, improving quality of life through improved access to specialist services and reducing carer burden (Bramble et al. 2018) The World Health Organisation advocates for the tracking healthcare workforce demographics and distribution trends to ensure equity of health care services and robust economic planning to meet future needs (WHO 2016). This marks the fourth publication in an ongoing annual series examining the longitudinal trends of the PDMDNS workforce in Australia (Williams et al., 2021, 2023).
Exploring The Diving Bell and the Butterfly: Locked In but not Out.
Authors: Nichols Linda
Published: December 2024

The Main character is Jean-Dominique Bauby who was 43 and the editor in chief for the French magazine Elle. Bauby was successful, some say at the height of his career and described by many as an enigmatic, vivacious, charismatic, talented, handsome and a charmer who had the world at his fingertips and an impassioned approach to life. He led a privileged life, with a lot of it spent globetrotting and undertaking exciting adventures and activities (Glenn, 2009). Spending his time between work, social events, his mistress and his two young children.
Evaluasi dan Assesmen Pembiasaan Dzikir Pagi dalam Penguatan Nilai Spiritual Pada Anak Usia Dini di RA Ishlahul Ummah
Authors: Julaiha Siti , Afia Sariah , Rukayah Ity
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of morning dhikr at RA Ishlahul Ummah as a strategy to strengthen spiritual values in early childhood. Using a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach, data were collected through direct observation, interviews, and documentation of morning dhikr activities. The findings reveal that morning dhikr is conducted routinely after Dhuha prayers, with guidance involving teachers and students taking turns. This practice not only enhances children’s spiritual awareness but also instills Islamic values such as gratitude, discipline, and tranquility. However, several challenges were identified, including the tendency of young children to struggle with maintaining concentration for extended periods and the lack of parental support in reinforcing the dhikr habit at home. These challenges affect students’ ability to recite and understand the meaning of dhikr. The study recommends the use of creative media, parental involvement through regular evaluations, and varied approaches in fostering the dhikr habit to improve program effectiveness. The findings emphasize the importance of synergy between schools and parents in nurturing children's spiritual awareness from an early age. With consistent habituation and a supportive environment, morning dhikr significantly contributes to shaping Islamic character in children. The study’s recommendations can serve as a guideline for developing similar programs, both at RA Ishlahul Ummah and other educational institutions, to nurture a generation with strong spiritual values and noble character.
AALOCHAK RAJ MOHAN JHAK AALOCHANA PRASTUTI
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Maithili, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga - 846004., Raj Gupta Rahul
Published: December 2024

Sahitya Akademi Award-winning Rajmohan Jha is about to create his own distinct identity. The story is being criticized and the world is enjoying the taste of Maithili. The story is being told about modernity. Banana has created a four-dimensional overview of the urban environment by presenting new subject matter and has established a new paradigm for all the layered critical essays. These essays are useful for the welfare of Maithili society and are also useful for the students. Rajmohan Jha is not a literary critic but a social critic. The representatives of the social system are doing their duty. Every person in the society has many responsibilities and should resist those things. The meaning of resistance is not to fight, but to fight, but to prove that Ã¢Â€Â˜the pen is a great power of the country, which awakens the emotions, which ignites fire not only in the heartless mindsÃ¢Â€Â™, that is, it awakens the society and makes efforts. This is the reason why many institutions are criticized and criticized. Osmakshaanalni.EhilelOSahitya AkademiOVidyapatiParvaparanekalekhilani.
IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC PAYMENTSON MONEY LAUNDERING CASES IN INDIA
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Law, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, AP., Bodake Sonika , Thera Vineela ,   Research Scholar, Department of Law, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, AP.
Published: December 2024

In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in the development of electronic money systems. Electronic money has the potential to simplify and lower the cost of small-value payments for both consumers and companies, potentially replacing cash as the primary means of payment in the future. A consumer keeps track of the money or value that they have accessible to them on their electronic device, which could be a prepaid card or a personal computer that they use to access a computer network such as the Internet. We refer to this record as electronic money. Such a change would have an impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy implementation. A better coordination of monetary and fiscal policy would be necessary, as well as adjustments to the central banks operating aim, should the usage of e-money significantly reduce demand for reserves. Technology advancements have made it feasible to launder money obtained illegally through online bookies, casinos, and, most notably, the buying and selling of cryptocurrency.
USE OF ESTLANDER FLAP IN SMALL TO LARGE LIP AND COMMISSURE DEFECTS - A CASE SERIES
Authors:   Final Year Post Graduate, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem. Tamilnadu, India- 636001., Vignesh K. , Sivakumar S. ,   MS,Mch., Head of the Department, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem. Tamilnadu, India- 636001., Thenmozhi M. ,   D.A, MS, Mch (Plastic), Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem. Tamilnadu, India- 636001., Mahesh Kumar S. ,   MS, MCh (Plastic), Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem. Tamilnadu, India- 636001.
Published: December 2024

Background: The Estlander flap is an axial-pattern, lip-switch technique used to reconstruct lip defects that include the oral commissure. The Estlander flap is a hardy local flap which can be used to reconstruct defects of small to large defects of both the upper and lower lip. The lips are the principal aesthetic and functional unit of the lower 1/3rd of the face. Alterations to normal lip appearance and motion can have a profound impact on patients daily activities and psychosocial wellbeing. Aim of this case series is to evaluate the versatility of Estlander flap in lip reconstruction with regard to function and aesthetic outcome

Material and Methods: From May 2022 to May 2024, single centric case series study was done in a tertiary care center in Southern India. This case series comprised of 6 cases of small to moderate defects of the lip and commissure in our institution.

Prospective case series from May 2022 - May 2024.The cases were post traumatic, including RTA, dog and human bite and also included post tumor excision

Results: This case series had a 100% flap success and all 6 patients were satisfied with the functional and aesthetic outcome of the surgery. One patient underwent commisuroplasty.

Conclusions: By the use of this case series, we can conclude that the Estlander flap is a reliable flap for the reconstruction of small to large sized lip and commissure defects

Conflict of interest: None.