bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Social-Emotional Learning Strategies and Mindful Breathing with Biofeedback on the Reduction of Adolescent Test Anxiety
Authors: McLeod Carolyn , Boyes Mike
Published: October 2021

Educational programs that incorporate social emotional-learning (SEL) strategies, study skills, and mindful breathing using biofeedback can help adolescents decrease worry and social stress, increase test preparedness self-efficacy, and improve academic performance due to lowered levels of test anxiety. The current study examined the efficacy of a SEL intervention (implemented into a high school psychology course) focused on study skills and mindful breathing and its impact on student attitude and behavioural changes (e.g., test anxiety, self-efficacy), academic performance, and physical changes. A quasi-experimental explanatory mixed methods study conducted at a rural Alberta high school examined pre- and post-intervention results between two groups of Grades 9–12 students (N = 105) with one group receiving the intervention (mindful breathing sessions, emotional regulation techniques, study and test-taking skills, and coping strategies) while the other received regular programming. Quantitative data included a Test Anxiety Survey (TAS), Student Opinion Survey–Short Form (SOS-SF), and reading comprehension (RC) tests to measure attitude and behavioural changes, followed by qualitative data obtained from student semi-structured interviews and focus groups for further interpretation. Quantitative results from repeated-measures (RM) ANOVAs indicated significant increases in self-efficacy for preparation and test-taking, increased academic achievement, decreased worry about future social stress, and increased positive affect. Effect sizes for significant impacts ranged from .45 to .65. Qualitative data indicated that students acquired new SEL strategies to help them handle stressful test situations more effectively. The current study addresses topics of interest to educators (e.g., test anxiety, social emotional learning) with a discussion of applications for extension and development of the program in junior and senior high classrooms.

Keywords: test anxiety, adolescents, social-emotional learning, mindfulness, biofeedback
GENE THERAPY FOR HAEMOPHILIA
Authors: Asghar A , Asjad Z , Tahir H , Maheen Z , Hanif S
Published: October 2021

The blood disorder, Hemophilia, has its roots embedded deep into the history of genetic disorders. The European royal family is one of the most prominent families to be affected by this disease thus, dubbing it 'the royal disease'. The types of Hemophilia are divided into two based on the type of coagulation factor mutation found in the patient. For treating haemophilia, gene therapy is done by using different vectors such as lentiviral and retroviral vectors but due to the production of limited expression different adeno associated virus (AAV) strains are used. Some engineerly modified vectors are currently used to get the best possible results. The clinical trials prove the efficacy of these vectors so through their obtained statistical consideration, patient experience and population study once can design vaccines and drugs for haemophilia patients but also due to pre-existing Nabs and pre-existing HCV or HBV infection, the general application of AAV gene therapy is currently limited. The possibility of gene editing for the repair of the mutation is on the horizon.
An Empirical Examination of The Relationship Between CEOs and Directors
Authors: Daily Catherine
Published: October 2021

This study examines the relationship between CEO characteristics and board composition. as well as the relationship between board composition and board roles. Canonical correlation analysis demonstrates strong support for the relationship between CEO characteristics and board composition. No support was found, however, for the relationship between board composition and board roles. While CEOs are associated with the composition of the board, this relationship does not appear to be associated with the board's ability to discharge their service, resource, and control roles.
The Urge to Merge: The Role of Governance Structures in Mergers and Acquisitions
Authors: Daily Catherine , Dalton Dan
Published: October 2021

The 1990s have witnessed merger and acquisition activity which rivals that of the 1980s "merger mania." As firms continue to consolidate either within industries or across industries it is appropriate to investigate those aspects of a target firm which might attract a bidder. The board of directors, a central decision-making body in the corporation, may provide insights into this process. This study investigates the relationship between board composition and size and the incidence of a firm being targeted for a merger or acquisition. Results of a logistic regression analysis of a matched set of target firms and firms not targeted for merger or acquisition reveal that target firms have higher proportions of independent outside directors and more total numbers of directors. Moreover, we find that target firms have greater exposure to institutional investors.
An Empirical Investigation of The Utilization of External and Internal Board of Directors and Management Advisory Assistance on The Performance of Small Business
Authors: Garsombke Diane , Garsombke Thomas
Published: October 2021

This article reports the usage and effectiveness of advisory bodies (i.e., advisory boards, boards of directors, management consultants, accountants, family, friends) that exist in smaller businesses. The authors find that advisory boards have the most significant impact on various company performance criteria. This result implies that strategic marketing and planning is enhanced by the use of advisory boards. Additionally, the authors discover that the entrepreneur's attitude is even more important than previously researched inhibitors of lack of resources to greater use of advisors.
Consequence Seriousness, Gender, and Intentions to Blow the Whistle on An Unethical Act
Authors: Wise Tim , Barnett Tim , Brown Gene
Published: October 2021

In organizations, individuals are sometimes confronted with unethical behavior by subordinates, co-workers, or superiors. Some might decide to "blow the whistle" and report the wrongdoing to appropriate authorities. Numerous situational and individual-level factors are thought to influence this decision. We examined a situational factor, consequence seriousness, and an individual- level factor, gender. We hypothesized that individuals would be more likely to form whistleblowing intentions when consequence seriousness was high. We also expected women to be more likely to form whistleblowing intentions than men. Our results supported both hypotheses. Individuals were more likely to form whistleblowing intentions when the consequences of the focal act were serious and women were more likely to state that they would blow the whistle than men.
A Survey on Accounting for Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments
Authors: Reinstein Alan , Lander Gerald
Published: October 2021

In response to the recent growth in the use of derivative financial instruments, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) recently required all companies to make certain classifications and disclosures for such "complex" financial instruments. Yet, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the FASB now demand even further reporting requirements - including requiring companies to recognize the "fair value" (and resultant gains and losses) of their financial derivatives as well as make other "qualitative disclosures" of the potential risk of holding such financial securities. The provisions of the current and proposed standards will affect significantly virtually all types of companies, especially those using derivative instruments. Hence, those preparing and evaluating financial statements under this emerging set of standards must comprehend these new provisions. The paper first discusses the current standards relating to financial derivatives and other financial instruments; it then provides examples of "leading" disclosures of such financial instruments. Then, based upon the responses to a mail questionnaire, the paper discusses how key groups view potential SEC changes in accounting for derivatives. All four of the groups generally agree with the provisions of SFAS No. 119 and most favor the recently passed, increased reporting standards.
Building Commitment Through Strategic Involvement: The Mediating Role of Procedural Justice
Authors: Lemons Mary , Gilmore J. Barry
Published: October 2021

Although many researchers assert the importance of involvement in strategic planning for gaining employee commitment to strategic formulation and implementation, neither the existence of this relationship nor the strength of the effect of involvement on commitment is clear. Using a sample of top-, middle-, and lower-level managers, this study found significant results which suggest that procedural justice partially mediates the relationship between strategic involvement and commitment.
The Journal of Business Strategies the First Fifteen Years
Authors: Mehta Sanjay , Maniam Balasundram , Leipnik Mark
Published: October 2021

The historical publishing pattern of JBS is examined. Authors from 171 institutions have written over 176 articles from Spring 1984 to Fall 1998. Contributions to the journal were studied in terms of numbers of schools represented, number of authors per article, diversity of articles, gender of authors, types of citations, and empirical orientation of the articles. Findings indicate that publications in JBS represents a significant scholarly contribution to the field of business strategy. Few differences were detected between JBS and other selected journals. Recommendation to enhance JBS are based on quantitative analysis of past JBS articles and personal interviews with selected stakeholders.
Service Quality Perceptions in The Banking Industry: Major Dimensions
Authors: Jun Minjoon , Peterson Robin , Zsidisin George , Daily Bonnie
Published: October 2021

This article aimed to expand the body of knowledge relating to the issues associated with customer-focused service quality and effective service delivery. A mail questionnaire inquired into the effectiveness of the marketing and operations functions of commercial banks in delivering loan products. This study revealed that substantial differences existed between bankers and customers groups in the perceived importance of service quality dimensions. Some suggestions and recommendations were provided to close the "gaps" and improve banking service quality.
The Role of Middle Management In The Knowledge Focused Service Organization
Authors: Blumentritt Rolf , Hardie Neil
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes a new role for middle management. Technology and the growthof specialization are altering the main role of the middle manager from supervision tothe support of knowledge transfer. Middle managers must identify knowledge gapsand communication problems between groups, and bridge them. This bridging activitycreates a network organization, linked by the knowledge transfer between groups.This bridging role is particularly important in service organizations because theparticular properties of services make knowledge transfer difficult. The cohesion andeffectiveness of the service organization in the future will come from the circulation ofknowledge. An example is given of how middle managers can facilitate knowledgetransfer in a service organization.
An Evaluation of Wholesaler Accuracy In Judging The Legality of Selected Activities
Authors: Peterson Robin
Published: October 2021

Wholesalers are subject to a wide variety of edicts at the federal, state, andlocal levels. This paper sets forth the results of an inquiry into the degree ofknowledge held by a sample of wholesalers with regard to various major federallaws. A mail survey requested respondents to indicate their degrees of belief inthe legality of a number of commercial practices. An analysis of the results, intotal and by size of firm, resulted in various conclusions on perceptions of legalityin this sector.
Alternative Measures of Performance For E-Companies: A Comparison of Approaches
Authors: Garbi Esmeralda
Published: October 2021

Understanding firm performance is as important in the new economy as it wasin the old one. It seems difficult, however, to make a judgment about whichmeasures of performance are good predictors of future success for e-companies.This paper contrasts indicators of asset productivity, shareholder value, growth,survival, and cyberspace usage, exploring how these different indicators reflectperformance for a sample of e-companies, and compares them with a sample ofbrick-and-mortars competing in the same industries. Results suggest that multipleindicators are more necessary than ever to capture the variability of outcomesin the Internet economy.
Consumer Perception of E-Service Quality: From Internet Purchaser and Non-Purchaser Perspectives
Authors: Yang Zhilin , Jun Minjoon
Published: October 2021

This exploratory study expands the knowledge concerning service qualitydimensions in the context of Internet commerce, from the differing perspectivesof two groups: Internet purchasers and Internet non-purchasers. Six primaryservice quality dimensions perceived by Internet purchasers were uncovered:reliability, access, ease of use, personalization, security, and credibility whileseven dimensions were discovered for Internet non-purchasers: security, responsiveness,ease of use, reliability, availability, personalization, and access.When examining the relative importance of each dimension affecting overallservice quality assessment, the "reliability" factor was found to be the mostimportant dimension for Internet purchasers while Internet non-purchasersconsider "security" as their most critical concern.
Top Management Team Risk Taking Propensities and Firm Performance: Direct and Moderating Effects
Authors: Gilley Matthew , Walters Bruce , Olson Bradley
Published: October 2021

We investigate the influence of top management team (TMT) risk takingpropensities on firm performance. Diverging from previous work on the risktaking-performance relationship, we rely on perceptual (rather than archival)measures of risk taking. In addition to financial performance, we examineother performance outcomes of risk taking, such as innovativeness andstakeholder satisfaction. Contrary to the findings of Bromiley (1991J andBowman (1980), we find that risk taking has a strong positive influence onfirm performance. In addition, the risk taking-performance relationship ismoderated by the dynamism of the firm's industry. More specifically, we findthat the benefits of TMT risk taking are reduced in more dynamic environments.
Perspectives of Foreign Direct Investment In The New Millennium
Authors: Maniam Balasundram , Hadley Leavell William
Published: October 2021

FDI continues to play a crucial role around the world and its importance to theglobal economy cannot be understated. Researchers from different disciplinesare pursuing their work in FDI to better understand, explain and report the mostrecent findings. Hence, with that in mind, we, the guest editors, put a Call forPapers in the early part of Fall 2002 for a special issue of the Journal of BusinessStrategies on Foreign Direct Investments with a submission deadline of November15, 2002. We present in this issue four articles that were accepted from thatCall. These papers reflect the diverse work done in area of foreign direct investment.
U.S. Executives' Perceptions of "BEMs" As F.D.I. Options
Authors: Festervand Troy
Published: October 2021

In this study, perceptual mapping was used to identify the collective andindividual positions of ten big emerging markets or "BEMs" as they are morecommonly called. The perceived position of the "ideal" market or nation alsowas captured by the study's findings. FDI executives who were surveyed indicatedthat some "BEMs" have positioned themselves strategically in terms oftheir availability of and access to markets and resources. The stability of amarket's or nation's political and economic environments, as well as businessenvironment, also contributes to a nation's perceived position. Some "BEMs"appear better positioned to take advantage of their strengths, whereas othersface long-term FDI obstacles.
Predicting Decision-Maker Momentum To Change Offerings In Response To Uncertainty: The Case of The U.S. Customs Mod Act
Authors: Jones Carr Carolyn , Shrader Charles , Flynn James
Published: October 2021

The major concern of this paper is predicting decision-maker momentum tochange product and service offerings in response to significant uncertainties asan antecedent to organizational change. From a survey of organizations in theNational Customs Brokers and Forwarders Association of America (NCBFAA),data were obtained on decision-makers' perceived uncertainties, and intent ormomentum to change offerings in response to uncertainty created by the U.S.Customs Modernization and Informed Compliance Act of 1993 (Mod Act).Survey measures include uncertainties, organization revenue and age, decision makerage and experience, technological expertise, formal planning and formalizationof procedures. The regression results indicate that organizationrevenue, decision-maker age and Mod Act uncertainty were associated with theNCBFAA customs brokers' momentum to change offerings in response to ModAct uncertainty. Because the survey can be adapted for industry-specific uncertainties,we propose the survey, model and its results can be used by decision makersof organizations within dynamic industries as they seek to realign to anew industry environment.
High Performance Work Practices and Human Resource Management Effectiveness: Substitutes Or Complements?
Authors: Richard Orlando , Johnson Nancy
Published: October 2021

The human resource management literature has implicitly treated high performancework practices (HPWPs) and human resources management (HRM)effectiveness as substitutes for one another with respect to their relationship with firm performance. We contend that HPWPs and HRM effectiveness act both assubstitutes and as complements. Main effects reveal that only human resourcemanagement effectiveness affects market performance and that HPWPs affect innovation.However, interacting HPWPs with HRM effectiveness positively relatesto both market performance and innovation in support of our hypothesis. Theresults suggest that effective HRM can offset HPWP's expense and that HPWPscan enhance the flexibility of effective HRM systems.
Outsourcing The Human Resource Function: Environmental and Organizational Characteristics That Affect HR Performance
Authors: Lilly Juliana , Gray David
Published: October 2021

A theoretical model is presented that identifies environmental and organizationalcharacteristics that affect human resource (HR) performance in an organization.Specifically, we address the issue of when and under what circumstancesdoes HR outsourcing contribute value to the firm by attempting to identify environmentaland organizational characteristics that affect HR department performanceand how HR outsourcing mediates that relationship. We propose that suppliercompetition in the HR provider market has a direct effect on the amount of HRoutsourcing which in turn has a direct effect on HR performance. Environmentaluncertainty (primary, competitive, and supplier) is proposed to moderate the relationshipbetween amount of HR outsourcing and HR performance while assetspecificity is proposed to moderate the relationship between supplier competitionand amount of HR outsourcing. An earlier version of this paper was presented atthe Southwest Academy of Management meeting in Houston, Texas, March, 2003,and received the 2003 Irwin/McGraw-Hill Distinguished Paper Award.
The Benefits of Leader Communication On Part-Time Worker Outcomes: A Comparison Between Part-Time and Full-Time Employees Using Motivating Language
Authors: Mayfield Jacqueline
Published: October 2021

This study presents findings on the differential effects that leader communicationhas on worker performance and job satisfaction for part-time and full-timeworkers. For both part- and full-time employees, structural equation model resultsindicate that leader communication, as measured through motivating language(ML) use, has the same significant and positive effect on job satisfaction. However,in the case of performance, leader ML use only has a significant relationshipwith the output of full-time workers. These results indicate a boundary conditionto the effectiveness of leader communication, and suggest practical implicationsfor management interventions with today's workforce.
Leadership's Activation of Team Cohesion As A Strategic Asset: An Empirical Simulation
Authors: Michalisin Michael , Karau Steven , Tangpong Charnchai
Published: October 2021

The current study examined the linkage between leadership, team cohesion, andsuperior performance using group process and performance data collected froma strategic management simulation conducted over a four-month period. Resultsshowed that organizational leadership was not directly associated with superiorperformance (SP) of simulated firms. However, leadership was significantly associatedwith team cohesion, which in turn was significantly associated with SF,suggesting that leadership may strengthen performance indirectly by effectuatingkey group process mechanisms. Consistent with the Resource Based View of thefirm, these findings suggest that leader behavior, through its positive impact onthe development of team cohesion, can yield superior performance.
The Strategic Planning Process and Performance Relationship: Does Culture Matter?
Authors: Hoffman Richard
Published: October 2021

Given the growth of multinationals, it is important that managers learnwhether strategic planning enhances firm performance in cross-cultural situations.Using an international sample of firms, this study found that the generalplanning-performance model is relevant across the cultures sampled. While thereappears to be little direct relationship between culture and planning, culture didmoderate the planning-performance relationship. Furthermore, specific culturalvalues were found to account for some of the cross-cultural differences in theplanning-performance relationship. Implications for management and futureresearch are discussed.
Multiple Directorships and Corporate Misconduct: The Moderating Influences of Board Size and Outside Directors
Authors: Schnake Mel , Williams Robert
Published: October 2021

This study examined the possible impact of both board size and the proportionof outside directors on the link between directors holding multiple directorshipsand firm misconduct. The study utilized a sample of 181 firms drawn from thefinancial services sector during the 1999-2003 time period. The results suggestthat among those firms whose directors hold multiple directorships, the incidenceof 10K investigations initiated against those firms is significantly less in thosefirms having smaller boards. The results offer further evidence that smallerboards might be better monitors of their firms' behavior than larger boards.Further, contrary to theory, no significant relationship was observed betweenproportion of outside directors, multiple directorships and the incidence of 10Kinvestigations. The implications of the findings and areas for future researchare discussed.
Entrepreneurial Orientation In A Situational Context: Comparisons Between Germany and The United States
Authors: Domke-Damonte Darla , Andreas Faulstich Jens , Woodson III William
Published: October 2021

Previous research has evaluated some elements of U.S. students' entrepreneurialorientation, while the present research extends and broadens this researchto consider different situational settings across students in both Germany (n =95) and the United States (n = 147). The study evaluates both self-perceptionsof entrepreneurial orientation and perceptions of the average level of entrepreneurialorientation of the country in which the student resides, based on parentalinvolvement and the different economic and social conditions within which thestudent resides. Results indicate that parental entrepreneurship and country oforigin affect self-perception of entrepreneurial orientation, but that only countryof origin affects perceptions of one's countrymen's entrepreneurial orientation.
The Effects of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 On Audit Fees
Authors: Cosgrove Sarah , Niederjohn M. Scott
Published: October 2021

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was intended to improve corporate governanceand increase the transparency of financial audits. The legislation also could havesignificant effects on the public accounting industry. This study finds evidence ofhigher audit fees across all firms resulting from compliance with the law. However,after accounting for self-selection of auditors, we do not find evidence that thesize of the audit firm affects the magnitude of the audit fee increase.
Remittances and The Household's Expenditures On Health
Authors: Valdero-Gil Jorge
Published: October 2021

This paper considers the effect of remittances on the share of health expendituresin total household expenditure in Mexico. The main purpose of this paperis to investigate if remittances are especially targeted towards household's healthexpenditure in Mexico. Using IV Tobit and regression models we find a statisticallysignificant effect of remittances on the household health expenditures shares. Thiseffect is even more pronounced for households without access to the employment'smedical insurance.
An Analysis of Mexican Remigration To The U.S.
Authors: Molina David , Jewell R. Todd
Published: October 2021

This paper presents an analysis of Mexican migrants to the U.S. and theirdecisions to remigrate. We concentrate on the relative impacts of market and nonmarketfactors such as income, remittances, and migration networks. We analyze theremigration decision of male, illegal migrants using data from the Mexican MigrationProject. Current migration proposals are geared towards policy that would allowfor some type of temporary workers. The empirical model presented here allowsfor a comparison of the relative impacts of market and non-market factors on thedecision to choose among different remigration options. The results indicate thatincome, remittances, and migration networks have significant effects on the remigrationdecisions of male, undocumented migrants.
Business Innovation, Ethics, and Prosperity: The Primacy of Microeconomics
Authors: Mehanna Rock-Antoine , Yazbeck Youssef
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the role of "business innovation" and "business ethics"- two seemingly unrelated principles - in underpinning the disparities in economicprosperity across 107 countries over the period from 2003 to 2006. Unlike Porter,Ketels, and Delgado's (2007) statistical approach, which relies on partial correlations,this paper uses a multiple regression analysis within a general macro/microeconomicframework to examine business innovation strategies and ethics, while controlling forhuman capital, geography, and socio-cultural demographics. Additionally, this paperborrows from Wu (2005) to assess the interaction between business innovation strategiesand business ethics. Econometric results indicate that business innovation andbusiness ethics are both positively correlated with and needed to sustain economicprosperity. Additional results show that microeconomic variables have the primacyover macroeconomic ones. Relevant policy implications are discussed.
Special Issue On Migration, Remittances, and Trade Agreements: An Introduction
Authors: Nath Hiranya
Published: October 2021

The Journal of Business Strategies published a special issue on migrationand remittances in Spring 2009 with six articles selected from the papers presentedat the Conference on Regional Trade Agreements, Migration, and Remittances withSpecial Focus on CAFTA and Latin America held at the College of Business Administration,Sam Houston State University, in April 2008. The current special issue isa continuation of that effort and includes five more articles selected from the poolof papers presented at the conference. In addition to topics related to migration andremittances, this issue also includes articles on regional trade agreements (RTAs).
Kicking Up Dust: Growth As An Irrational Market Response
Authors: Voelker Troy
Published: October 2021

This paper introduces the concept of irrational growth, defined as a growthstrategy that cannot (or will not) succeed in generating economic profits. Growth is afrequently utilized performance indicator, yet examining strategy research, the relationshipbetween growth and economic profits is complex. A theoretical foundationbased on institutional theory suggests that growth is adopted regardless oflikelihoodof positive economic outcomes. Propositions for testing an institutional bias towardsgrowth are developed and research directions are suggested.
Competition In Search Engine Market
Authors: Tse Edison , Zhao Wugang
Published: October 2021

Google has been very successful in becoming the dominant search engine platformin the US and Western countries. In contrast to its success in the US and Westerncountries, Google does not have much luck in some Asian countries such as Chinaand Korea. Google is far behind in terms of search market share in China and Korea.In this paper, we model the search engine market as a two-sided markets model andanalyze the industry structure and competition of the search engine market. First, wepresent a mathematical model for a general search engine two-sided market. Then weuse the model to analyze the search engine history and explain why multiple searchengines could co-exist in the early days of the search engine history. We also explainhow Google, a latecomer in the search market, could become the leading search engine,and how Google has strengthened its leading position. Next we apply the modelto China and Korea’s search markets and analyze how Google could lose the game tolocal search companies. In the end, we propose some strategies on how search enginemarket leaders could maintain and strengthen their leading positions.
An Examination of Uncovered Real Interest Rate Parity In 18 Distinct U.S. Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Shin Moh Wan , Rahnamamoghadam Masha , Valcarcel Victor
Published: October 2021

In a departure from the standard literature, we consider micro-level data todraw inferences about the uncovered real interest rate parity in 18 distinct manufacturingindustries across 25 countries. The real interest rates are computed based ontrade weights at the industry level. We examine the time series properties of real interestdifferentials by employing a battery of unit root tests. Using industry-specificquarterly observations on deposit and inflation rates, we find robust and statisticallysignificant evidence in support of the uncovered real interest rate parity (UIP) inevery industry we consider across all 25 countries.
A Capability-Driven Turnaround Strategy For The Current Economic Environment
Authors: Yandava Booma
Published: October 2021

Many Businesses were prompted to reevaluate their products and servicesas a result of the recent economic downturn. Changes were made to their businessmodels to realign capabilities and performance in some cases. Businesses need toprovide better products and faster services while faced with more discerning customers,emerging markets, and dynamic regulatory environments. In a turnaroundsituation, businesses need to reinvent strategies and position themselves to meetshort-term goals, while functioning in a competitive landscape for the long-term.The capability-driven model leverages core business and operating capabilities tooptimize the entire value chain; innovation and Corporate Social Responsibilitiesare integrated carefully for long-term sustainability. The proposed framework isbased on careful studies of companies that returned to profitability from a failingsituation.
An Inquiry Into Chinese Initial Public Offerings From A Corporate Government Perspective
Authors: Atinc Guclu , Liu Yan , Kroll Mark , Walters Bruce
Published: October 2021

Using longitudinal data, this study investigates the impact of managerialownership, director ownership, state ownership, firm size, and blockholders on initialpublic offerings (IPOs) of Chinese listed companies from 1991 to 2007. Underpricingof IPOs is examined at three specifically identified time periods which wecall the primitive stage, the development stage, and the maturity stage. Our resultsindicate that those corporate governance factors we examined in this study exhibitdifferent characteristics at different stages for Chinese publicly listed companieswhich signify a need to assess the impact of governance mechanisms on IPO processesof emerging economies from a different perspective.
Distinguishing Between The Capital Tax View and The Benefit View of The Property Tax At The Local Level
Authors: Evans Russell , Gade Mary
Published: October 2021

The Great Recession of 2008 exposed municipalities across the U.S. to thedangers of over-reliance on a volatile sales tax base for general revenue financing. A2010 interim study convened by the Oklahoma Legislature examined the possibilityof offering access to the property tax base as a source of municipal general revenue.The feasibility of such a move depends crucially on understanding the economicincidence of the local property tax. Current research is divided on the issue, with oneschool proposing the property tax as a tax on capital generally (the capital tax view)and the other asserting the property tax as a user-fee for locally provided publicservices (the benefit view). We examine the incidence of the local property tax inOklahoma County recognizing explicitly that the tax levy is really an aggregate ofindependent levies — each tied to the provision of a specific subset of local services— and that incidence outcome may vary by jurisdiction. An analysis of the 19 independentschool districts in Oklahoma County over a 10-year period finds evidencethat the incidence of the property tax varies both by levy and jurisdiction.
Active Waiting As Business Strategy: Learning From The Serengeti Plains
Authors: Bressler Martin , Von Bergen C. W.
Published: October 2021

Fast decision making, a propensity for action, and getting things done appearto be highly valued by both practitioners and academics in the United States. Undersuch monikers as exhibiting initiative, being proactive, walking the talk, and takingcharge, getting things done is widely lauded and promoted. As a result, most managersare content to deal with day-to-day operational activities that require immediateattention, daily routines, and superficial behaviors rather than addressing importantissues requiring reflection, systematic planning, creative thinking—and above all—time. To address this often unproductive busyness the authors propose active waitingwhich involves the recognition that not all problems are open to a quick fix andthat sometimes waiting can be a valuable option. However, waiting does not haveto be passive. The authors recommend that managers act like the skilled, veteranlions of the Serengeti plains and adopt active waiting in order to be able to seize theopportune moment in pursuit of effective business strategy. This paper offers a six-stepprocess to help leaders integrate active waiting into their supervision style andconcludes with recommendations for managers.
Vulnerability To Poverty: A Survey
Authors: Mahanta Ratual , Das Daisy
Published: October 2021

There has been no consensus over the concept and measurement ofvulnerability to poverty (VP). Many scholars bring in different perspectives todiscuss various conceptual and measurement issues. This paper summarizes theavailable economic literature on the definitions and measurements of VP. Despitea lack of agreement, the concept of VP essentially captures the dynamic aspects ofpoverty, which are extremely important for formulating appropriate and effectivepoverty alleviation policies. This paper discusses the three basic approaches formeasuring VP. Further, the data-related issues are also discussed. Then the paperreviews previous studies on the vulnerability estimation for different countries andhighlights the relative importance of various shocks in determining vulnerability.Finally, the paper ends by raising a number of policy-related issues.
Building A Community Garden: A Collaborative Cross-Disciplinary Academic Community Engagement Project
Authors: Wozniak Jeffrey , Bellah Jeremy , Riley Jason
Published: October 2021

Most research concerning service learning discusses the benefits studentsexperience when working on a project; however, for faculty, the challengesinvolved in facilitating the project are also great. We designed a collaborative cross-disciplinaryproject to address two goals: 1) to increase student engagement throughservice learning, while also 2) redistributing the work involved in managing theproject from the instructor to a second group of upper-level operations managementstudents. Specifically, we used the Academic Community Engagement (ACE)pedagogy, which combines community engagement with academic instruction, ina collaborative project between a freshman-level environmental science class andan upper-level operations management class. The project goal for the students wasto research and establish a formal plan for the creation of a community garden inthe local town. The community garden project goal was achieved over the courseof the semester and survey results suggest that we accomplished both of the cross-disciplinaryproject goals. Specifically, many of the students developed a deepersense of connection to the local community and a more tangible idea of how they canserve their communities in the future.
Real Estate Investment Decision I: Commercial Office Property Acquisitions
Authors: Breazeale Jonathan
Published: October 2021

The primary subject matter of this case concerns the financial analysis ofthe acquisition of a commercial office property. Secondary issues examined includeaspects of office REITs – with which most business students are unfamiliar. The casehas a difficulty level of four, appropriate for undergraduate seniors. The case isdesigned to be taught in a single 80 minute class period and is expected to requirethree to four hours of outside preparation by students (depending on their level ofspreadsheet familiarity).
The Stock Price Effect of Emerging From Bankruptcy and The Associated Effect of Switching Auditors Post Bankruptcy… An Industry Analysis
Authors: Stunda Ronald
Published: October 2021

This study analyzes firms that emerge from Chapter 11 bankruptcy withspecific attention given to two groups; those that switch auditors post-bankruptcy,and those who retain previous auditors in a post-bankruptcy environment. In addition,further analysis is made to assess whether or not industry membership, along withpre or post SOX environment play a role in results.Results indicate that when the pre versus post SOX environment is assessed,a significant difference is noted in the sample firms. Post SOX firms emergingfrom Chapter 11 that switch auditors carry positive information content, therefore,investors tend to bid up the price of stock of these firms. Firms emerging fromChapter 11 in a post SOX environment that do not change auditors tend to conveynegative information content as their stock price is bid down by investors. Withrespect to a pre SOX environment, results indicate that investors do not behavesignificantly different whether the firms change auditors or not after emerging fromChapter 11. In both cases, there is a positive correlation between earnings responseand stock price.When attention turns to assessing individual industries in a post SOXenvironment, a positive correlation between earnings response and stock priceis seen across all industries evaluated when the firm emerging from Chapter 11switches auditors. Growth industry firms show the greatest stock price reaction toearnings. With respect to firms that do not switch auditors post-bankruptcy, resultsare mixed across industries. Most industries show a negative stock price reactionbut certain growth industries reflect a positive reaction. In a pre SOX environment,no significant industry difference is noted, either by firms that switch auditors orthose that do not switch. All pre SOX industry firms, on average, have a positivecorrelation between earnings response and stock price.
Has Ebola Infected The Market: A Contagious Reaction To A (Media) Health Care Crisis?
Authors: Gutierrez Jose , Funck Mary
Published: October 2021

We examine the impact of Ebola headline news days on media-highlightedstocks. An Ebola news day (negative or positive in nature) is associated with increasedtrading, higher share volume, higher dollar volume, and increased share turnover.OLS regressions on industry-specific portfolios reveal that airline, restaurant, andcruise ship returns reverse themselves one day after the Ebola news event, a resultthat is consistent with behavioral overreaction literature. Empirical findings could beused to prepare market participants for analogous epidemics.
Board Gender Diversity, Social Performance, and CEO Compensation
Authors: Gilley K. , Weeks Kelly , Coombs Joseph , Bell Myrtle , Kluemper Donald
Published: October 2021

This study examines the extent to which board gender diversity and corporatesocial performance influence CEO compensation. The sample includes 1,829observations from 262 Fortune 500 companies over multiple years. Findings indicatethat board gender diversity and corporate social performance interact to predict CEOcompensation. The data show that boards comprised of a higher percentage of womenplace increasing emphasis on certain kinds of corporate social performance whensetting CEO pay, and decreasing emphasis on other types of social performance. Ourfindings highlight the complex interrelationships between executive compensation,board composition, and corporate social performance.
Reconfiguring Dependencies Through Acquisitions: A Resource Dependency Perspective
Authors: Reddy Rama , Park Sung-Jin
Published: October 2021

Organizations are embedded within ecosystems and develop varying degreesof dependence based on the actors within their environment. In this study, weinvestigate the effects dependency has on firms that rely heavily on a few majorcustomers for their revenue streams. We posit that an increase in dependence on asmall number of consumers will have an adverse effect on firm performance (ROA).Furthermore, we assert that firms acquiring other firms in order to counteract thesenegative repercussions actually demonstrate an improvement in their performance.To test this hypothesis, we conducted an empirical analysis using 12,038 firm-yearobservations and our empirical results lend support to our predictions.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa di Madrasah Ibtidiyah (MI) Sa’adatul Khairiyah Tebing Tinggi Pada Masa Pendemi Covid-19
Authors: Iqbal M , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Mrdhotillah Putra , Ayu Suci , Sunardi Sunardi , Sari Unita
Published: October 2021

Covid 19 is a virus that can spread very quickly and can cause death. This virus can attack respiratory tract infections such as coughs and colds. The spread of this virus can be from public places or crowds, through physical contact such as a handshake. In these conditions, teachers and students are required to conduct learning via E-Learning or online media. This is done to break the chain of transmission of Covid-19. Learning in this study uses online learning or can be called distance learning (from home) with the guidance of parents and teachers at school. Students conduct online learning and interact with teachers using several applications. Generally use whatsapp groups. This study aims to determine the effect of online learning on students' interest in learning during the COVID-19 period. Respondents taken were students, teachers and parents of students in the area of the village of the high cliffs. The results showed that online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic greatly affected students' interest in learning, students felt bored at home, and students did not understand the learning given by the teacher when online.Covid 19 adalah virus yang bisa menular yang sangat cepat dan bisa menyebabkan kematian. virus ini bisa menyerang infeksi saluran pernafasan seperti batuk dan pilek. Penyebaran virus ini bisa dari tempat umum atau keramaian ,melalui kontak fisik seperti  jabat tangan. Pada kondisi seperti ini guru dan anak murid diharuskan untuk melakukan pembelajaran secara E-Learning atau media online. Hal ini dilakukan untuk memutuskan rantai penularan Covid-19. Pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pembelajaran daring atau bisa disebut dengan pembelajaran jarak jauh (dari rumah) dengan bimbingan orang tua dan guru di sekolah. Siswa melakukan pembelajaran daring dan berinteraksi dengan guru menggunakan beberapa aplikasi. Umumnya menggunakan whatsapp group. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuai pengaruh pembelajaran daring terhadap minat belajar siswa pada masa  COVID -19. Responden yang diambil adalah siswa, guru dan orang tua siswa di wilayah Desa tebing tinggi. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa pembelajarn daring pada masa pendemi COVID-19 sangat berpengaruh terhadap minat belajar siswa, siswa merasa bosan saat di rumah, serta siswa tidak paham dengan pembelajaran diberikan oleh guru  saat daring.
Mobile cloud computing in smart healthcare Applications
Authors: N Kavitha
Published: October 2021

For urban residents, the Smart Healthcare idea is increasingly prevalent. This service's primary purpose is to provide patients with healthcare data. Using mobile communication and sharing in real time is necessary. Data processing and analysis are all part of this. As a result, cloud computing allows individuals to connect and access healthcare-related data. Data-related tasks like as sharing, processing, and analysis may be offloaded to mobile users for patients via mobile cloud devices, which can play a critical role in mobile cloud computing. Using this service, hospitals and clinics will be able to provide smart healthcare to their patients in a cost-effective manner. The usage of cloud computing will guarantee that patients get high-quality service.
América Latina e os 30 anos da Constituição
Authors: Bonavides Paulo
Published: October 2021

A democracia representativa se baseia na renovação dos mandatos presidenciais. No entanto, o modelo presidencial de governo na América Latina é vitimizante das sociedades locais e propicia terreno fértil para a didatura e o enfraquecimento das instituições do Estado. A Constituição se apresenta como caminho para escapar da crise que desestabiliza os sistemas de governo e somente a partir dela se poderá vencer a crise do poder constituinte, diversa que é da crise constitucional.
Direitos de natureza
Authors: Leite Ana Luisa Schiavo , Bezerra Ana Maria Bonfim , Andrade Mariana Dionísio de
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo se propõe a responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: seria o Projeto de Lei nº 6.268/2016 incompatível com as disposições constitucionais que determinam a proteção ao meio ambiente? Para responder ao problema de pesquisa, é necessário abordar questões que envolvam a criação e desenvolvimento do referido Projeto de Lei, identificar quais são as possíveis consequências ambientais e jurídicas quanto à regulamentação da caça no Brasil e, finalmente, verificar se há incompatibilidade entre a proteção constitucional ao meio ambiente e a Política Nacional de Fauna. O estudo foi realizado com base em abordagem qualitativa, a partir da interpretação de literatura sobre o tema, análise acerca da legislação e destaque para argumentos favoráveis e desfavoráveis. É possível concluir que o texto atual do PL não encontra consonância com determinações constitucionais específicas, sendo necessária a sua revisão para que não haja afronta nem ameaça ao direito fundamental ao meio ambiente.