bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application Research of Numerical Control Machining Technology in Mechanical Manufacturing
Authors: Feng An Ping
Published: February 2014

Mold manufacturing is an important part in mechanical manufacturing, and casting quality of mechanical manufacturing is influenced by mold quality directly. If mold manufacturing still adopts the traditional mode, that will has a severe dependence on core box or appearance, often with a relatively long period and relatively high cost, which will be hard to satisfy the rapid development and manufacturing of small batch sheet parts. This article introduces the application of new product development, processing equipment performance and process principle of metal parts no-mode numerical control processing and manufacturing technology, the technology in mechanical manufacturing process. This technology is to thoroughly change the traditional craft with no need of modes, and is able to cast accurate and quick production. Its main characteristics are flexible, digital, greening, motors, etc., which provide the corresponding solutions for rapid manufacture small batch sheet metal.
The Development of Control System for a Magnetorheological Finishing Prototype
Authors: Yin Feng Ling , Huo Bing Quan , Shao Fang
Published: February 2014

In order to process the optical crystal materials with high precision, we developed a magnetorheological finishing prototype. This paper introduces the structure and functional theory of the finishing prototype, i.e. the overall design frame of the control system, the framework level design method of the control system and the development method of the control system. In addition, this paper introduces the function of each module, the design method of each level and the machining principle of the control system in detail. This control system can accurately check the removal amount of the workpiece, and provides reference for the design of the related control system.
Motion Controller Design for Single Axis
Authors: Zhao Bing
Published: February 2014

In recent years, with the development of technical of numerical control, embedded system has been a hot topic of conversation of engineering control system... In order to solve the shortcoming ,such as complex structure,bad embedded quality and high cost ,of traditional motion controller, MCS-51 was used to control the step motor in this design. so the coordinate and the velocity of the kinetic part on the axis can be controlled easily, and it can satisfy the common demand of the single axis in transformation of numerical control.
Linear Analysis of Hydraulic Control System of an Electric-Hydraulic Proportion
Authors: Chen Jin Song , Cheng Wen Bo
Published: February 2014

1780 mm hot rolling transport chain electro-hydraulic proportional hydraulic control system of Shanghai Meishan Iron and Steel Co., LTD. Of Baosteel is taken as an example in this paper. The features, the controlling method, the electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve selection and the decision of the specific circuits of this kind of metallurgical equipment are introduced in this paper.
The Research on Intelligent Agricultural Information Monitoring System Based on Embedded Platform
Authors: Huang Jing , Zhang Hua Fei
Published: February 2014

Aiming at the fact that node information collection efficiency of agricultural monitoring system is not high, lack of remote monitoring capabilities and other issues, the paper design the system of intelligent agricultural information monitoring system based on embedded.Using epoll model to implement acquisition node information and control function improves I/O efficiency; Applying Boa framework provides remote monitoring Web services to enhance the system's remote monitoring capabilities; In order to meet the demands of long-distance transmission ,the paper uses ffmpeg library to make efficient video compression.The test result show that the system can efficiently process the nodes monitoring parameters and video data , better real-time in remote monitoring terminal, higher stability,havings a positive meaning in promoting agricultural information.
Measuring System for Pipe-Flow Based on the Doppler Method
Authors: Lin Yun , Cao Miao , An Zhi Yong
Published: February 2014

This measuring system is designed to improve the accuracy of the pipe-flow measurement based on the Doppler method. It uses plane concave sound lens to converge the ultrasonic sending and receiving beam, reduce the volume of the Doppler information window and realize the measurement of fluid flow in pipe with the Doppler method. With the application of DSP digital signal processing technology to design this flow measuring system, it achieves accurate measurement of fluid flow in pipe. Experimentation proves that the measuring accuracy of the system is higher than 1%.It is of great significance to realize high precision of pipe-flow measurement based on the Doppler method.
Design of Remote Control System for Water Saving Irrigation
Authors: Zheng Dan , Xu Na , Lang Yao
Published: February 2014

An introduction to configuration software as the developing platform, using the embedded system technology and wireless communication are combined to establish the remote monitoring system. A branch station of monitoring with DSP as the core acquires, processes and displays real-time data by means of a remote communication of trinity, sending results which have been dealt with to the monitoring center so that users can timely and accurately understand conditions of water requirement in farmlands.
Dynamic Analysis and Optimization for Wafer Handling Robot
Authors: Wu Ming Yue , Liu Yan Jie , Cai He Gao
Published: February 2014

Aiming at suppressing the vibration of low-frequency, a procedure of dynamic optimization of wafer handling robot is presented. The dynamic model of wafer handling robot is firstly build, and following that the dynamic characteristics of the robot are analyzed to find the main parameters which will influence the natural frequency. Then, the numerical procedure of the optimization of the natural frequency is introduced, and the constraint functions are obtained by considering the workspace and the structure of the robot. And at the end, as a case study, the procedure is applied to a wafer handling robot. Optimization result shows that the natural frequency is enhanced to 32.56Hz after the optimization.
High Voltage Circuit Breaker on-Line Monitoring System
Authors: Fu Chao , Hao Jing
Published: February 2014

The high voltage circuit breaker is an important power system equipment. The reliability of its running relationship with the safe operation of the entire power system. High voltage circuit breaker on-line monitoring system enables real-time monitoring of various parameters during the operation in which the circuit breaker, and the use of communication to achieve data transfer bus information. Through monitoring points, closing coil current signals to constitute the core of C8051F online monitoring unit via RS-485 serial bus will monitor information is uploaded to the master computer.
The Realization of Actuating and Sensing Integrated Gripper System
Authors: Liu Li Qun , Chen Yang , Zhao Ya Shen , Xiang Chao Qun , Hao Li Na , Zhao Zhou Li
Published: February 2014

Most of traditional manipulator does not meet experimental requirements of micromanipulation for its large structure and complicated driven mode. Comparatively speaking, using actuating and sensing performance of IPMC gripper can well be applied to specific micro operations and mechanical testing environment. This paper designs one kind of IPMC gripper of actuating and sensing performance based on micro operation and micro assembly, which is applied to grab the cells and fix under a microscope.
A Software Platform for Water Environment Monitoring
Authors: Li Chun Long , Chen Xian Xiang , Fang Zhen , Tong Jian Hua , Zhang Hong , Xia Shan Hong
Published: February 2014

This paper describes a software platform for water environment monitoring. The main monitored parameters are temperature, turbidity, PH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrogen ammonia (NH) and heavy metal such as Pb, Zn and Cu etc. This platform was designed using java language and java web technology, which are widely used in many software platforms including water environment monitoring. Low cost and lightweight framework are the major aspects of the software platform because free software (Tomcat and MySQL) and SSH framework are adopted in this software platform. People can view water quality data in a computer or a smart phone browser in the form of table and chart. The water quality data transmitted from General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) wireless network are stored into the MySQL database automatically once the software platform is started. Data collected by this platform is real-time, once a record is out of limits, a message will be sent to mobile phone. Through data collected, environment protection administrators can predict and get the conclusion whether the water is polluted or not.
The Application of 3D Laser Scanning Technology in Ginkgo Landslide Monitoring
Authors: Pan Yi Heng , Li Zhi Gang , Liu Zhan Shi , Li Bo
Published: February 2014

Three-dimensional laser scanning technology, short for 3D laser scanning technology, is another innovation in surveying and mapping technology after GPS space positioning technology. This paper introduces the 3D laser scanning technology applied in the Ginkgo landslide monitoring. In this paper, the monitoring schematic design, data acquisition, data processing and data analysis are systematically introduced. It follows that Ginkgo landslide overall deformation characteristics, 3D laser scanning technologys strengths and weaknesses in the landslide monitoring. It is promising for the application of 3D laser scanning technology in landslide monitoring.
A Novel Oxynitride Phosphor Sr3-2ySiO5-6xN4x: yCe3+, yLi+ for White LED
Authors: Fu Ning Jia , Qiu Ke Hui , Lu Xue Guang , Zhao Kun , Li Yu Tao
Published: February 2014

In this paper, a novel yellow-emitting oxynitride phosphor Sr3-2xSiO5-6xN4x: yCe3+, yLi+ (0 x 0.33, 0.01 y 0.04) has been reported. The XRD patterns illustrate that the partial substitution of (SiN)+ for the (SiO)2+ is feasible and the major phase of synthesized samples is isostructural with Sr3SiO5. Under blue light excitation, the oxynitride phosphor shows a broad emission about 557 nm, contributing to the 4f5d transition. The PL intensities show a blue shift as the increase of nitrogen content (the locations of peaks move from 559 nm to 549 nm).
Smart Control for Wireless Indoor Lighting System Based on ZigBee Technology
Authors: Liu Dan , Yu Hong
Published: February 2014

ZigBee is a kind of low rate, low cost and low power technology to be used in cheap, fixed, portable and mobile devices in wireless sensor network. The wireless smart indoor lighting system based on ZigBee technology uses the chip CC2530 as the core. It can collect the light intensity signals of LEDs in real time; perform pulse width modulation (PWM) and wireless communications. The system can also display these parameters on a personal computer such as temperature, light intensity and so on. Even the real-time parameters may be transmitted to the mobile phone to monitor. As a result of the indoor tests that have been conducted, the smart lighting system is more humanized, safe and energy-efficient.
Robust Sensor Registration Based on Bounded Variables Least Squares
Authors: Tian Wei , Wang Yue , Shan Xiu Ming , Yang Jian
Published: February 2014

The ill conditioning problem of sensor registration is considered. We analyze the ill conditioning in the dense-target scenario and the dense-sensor scenario, respectively, and present a robust registration method based on the bounded variables least squares (BVLS). The proposed approach can reduce the influence of ill conditioning by means of inserting prior constraints on the desired solution. Simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method.
Dynamic Modeling and Nonlinear Decoupling Control of Inertial Stabilized Platform for Aerial Remote Sensing System
Authors: Yin Rui , Wang Rui , Zhou Xiang Yang , Peng Xiang Yang , Wang Ke
Published: February 2014

The mutual coupling between the motion of three frames exists when inertial stabilized platform (ISP) for aerial remote sensing system is working, due to the mechanical character of the stabilized platform. Based on Lagrange mechanics and starting from analytical mechanics, a kinetics model of inertial stabilized platform is developed for analyzing the complex coupling relation. On the basis of the model, a nonlinear decoupling control method using sliding mode control (SMC) is designed for rolling and pitching frames after coupling moment being taken for external disturbance. While, for azimuth frame, which can not directly adopt sliding mode control method, a novel method of introducing a judgment factor and combining SMC and PID is provided. Compared with PID method, the simulation results show that the overshoot of the system is reduced obviously and the decoupling effect is better. Results obtained will be a theoretical foundation for the further study of inertial stabilized platform, and guarantee high precision to stabilized platform system.
Pre-Processing Influence on Near-Infrared Spectra for Determination of Volatile in Lignite Coal Samples
Authors: Yang Xiao Li , Wang Fan
Published: February 2014

We studied volatile determination in lignite coal samples using near-infrared (NIR) spectra. Firstly, spectra were pre-processed to eliminate useless information. Then, determination model was constructed by partial least squares regression. To study the influence of pre-processing on determination of volatile for NIR analysis of lignite coal samples, we applied four techniques to pre-process spectra, including normalization, standardization, centralization, derivative and discrete wavelet transform. Comparison of the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of the models show that the models constructed with spectra pre-processed by discrete wavelet transform gave the best results. Through parameters optimization, the results show that discrete wavelet transform and partial least squares regression can obtain satisfactory performance for moisture and volatile determination in coal samples.
Noise Analysis of the Photoelectric Detection Circuit and Research on the Error Compensation Method
Authors: Zhang Zhao Ji
Published: February 2014

Based on the noise analysis of the photoelectric detection circuit, error compensation aiming at photoelectric detection circuit has been performed by making use of interpolation method, look-up table method, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference method, and surface fitting method, so as to improve the accuracy of photoelectric detection as well as reducing the system error. In the meanwhile, the error compensation effects of different methods are compared and analyzed. Finally, with the help of the MATLAB software, these effects are simulated using the measured data of photoelectric diode experimental platform as the sample data. The result of the simulation indicates that the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference method can improve the detection accuracy better and its error compensation effect is also better than that of interpolation method, look-up table method, and surface fitting method, when they are under the same conditions.
Grid Information Synchronous Monitoring Algorithm under Unbalanced and Distorted Condition
Authors: Li Wei , Sun Li
Published: February 2014

The Amplitude and angular frequency of grid voltage vector fluctuate with the positive and negative sequence components and harmonic component under unbalance and distortion grid model, the conventional grid information synchronous algorithm is not suitable. A novel grid information synchronous algorithm based on AC amplitude integral is proposed, which can obtain the information of phase angle, frequency and amplitude of the fundamental positive and negative sequence components of fundamental grid voltage using the synchronization phase locked technique. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is suitable to the unbalanced and distorted grid condition and can restrain the harmonic interference and achieve the grid information synchronous monitoring.
Design of Networked Control System of Vehicle Body Based on Hybrid Scheduling Algorithm
Authors: Zhu Yu , Wang Shun Yue , Qiao Yu , Wang Tian Hao , Zhang Jun Dong , Zhang Xing Yu
Published: February 2014

Along with the body control system is becoming more intelligent, making the body network scale and the communication load increase dramatically, transmission delay of information in the body network is increasing obvious, greatly reduces the system's real-time performance and reliability. Based on the analysis of body network communication needs, we design the reasonable body CAN network topology structure. According to the characteristics of information transmission of the body network control system, designed a hybrid scheduling algorithm is applied to the body network control system, and is verified by experiments on the performance. Experimental results show that the design method of body network system can effectively guarantee the real-time and feasibility of information transmission, and optimized the body network control system as a whole.
Research on the Positioning Technology and Attitude Solution Based on STM32
Authors: Lin Hui Can , Guo Tao , Shi Yu , Liu Yang , Zhong Zi Jing
Published: February 2014

Aircraft control, the training process to locate the aircraft attitude and heading information monitoring requires high-precision gesture as a feedback input, application STM32F103T8 processor design a combination of positioning technology and attitude sensor acquisition system. Measurement module with low power consumption, fast response and high accuracy, the use of high precision MEMS devices with 32-bit processors STM32F103T8 good data processing capabilities. For sensor characteristics, extended Kalman filter algorithm is designed based on dual quaternion vector correction method, enhanced anti-jamming capability; characteristics of complex electromagnetic environment, an improved forward linear prediction filtering method, processing the received GPS data, improving positioning accuracy. The results show that the proposed method effectively suppress noise, gesture detection, accurate and fast.
Vehicle Steering Stability Simulation Based on G-Vectoring Control
Authors: Zhang Yun Yin , Liu Chun Guang , Liao Zi Li
Published: February 2014

A new kind of control method named "G-Vectoring control" is used in vehicle steering stability control, which uses the lateral acceleration to control the longitudinal acceleration, and improves the steering stability by redistributing the driving force. The motor and its control system as well as the vehicle system control are modeled by Matlab, the vehicle dynamics model is designed by adams. After the co-simulation of snakelike tests, the results shows that the sideslip angle is well controlled by G-Vectoring control.
Electromagnetic Motion Device Based on LPC2131 of PID Control
Authors: Zhong Guo Wen , Cao Hua
Published: February 2014

Design of a ARM7 LPC2131 as the control core, through the H bridge chip LN298 driver power through the coil produces a changing magnetic field, the magnetic deflection force start swinging of the swing rod, the angle sensor (model MPU6050) feedback magnet swing angle signal, control coil magnetic field by using PID technology, so as to the electromagnetic force to precisely control the pendulum swing angle of the objective, by the TFT liquid crystal display pendulum swing angle, cycle, response time, stop time.
Design of the Counting System Based on Microcontroller
Authors: Xiao Zhi Hong , Zhuang Liang Qian , Shen Jun
Published: February 2014

A counting system based on AT89S51 and optoelectronic switch sensor is introduced which was installed in a sewing machine assembly line. The system is consists of microcontroller, keyboard circuit, signal detection circuit, watchdog circuit, clock circuit and display circuit. It can detect and display actual number of products on the assembly line. The experimental results show that the system has a high level of measurement accuracy and an anti-jamming capability.
SOPC-Based Motion Controller with NURBS Interpolator
Authors: Han Pei Cen , Ye Zhao Hui , Zhou Yong Ming , Yang Shi Yuan
Published: February 2014

SOPC becomes popular nowadays, which combines software and hardware in a single chip. In this paper, a multi-axis motion controller is implemented based on a SOPC system with a NIOSII processor in a single FPGA chip. The motion controller includes DDA module, spindle module and NURBS calculation module realized in Verilog HDL. DDA algorithm is used to drive the motors while spindle module is to drive the spindle. Because of NURBS recursive nature, NURBS calculation module is used to accelerate the calculation which takes the advantage of parallel structure. The NIOSII processor realizes the feedrate scheduling, in which constant feedrate is adopted. The second-order interpolation algorithm is used to control the feedrate.
Study on Toughening of Chinese Herb Residue Fiber/Recycled ABS Composites
Authors: Geng Ji Wei , Yan Ming , Qu Jin Ping
Published: February 2014

The Chinese herb residue (CHR) fiber obtained by blasting through a continuous steam explosion device, and recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) were blended to prepare reABS/CHR fiber composites by a vane extruder. Three kinds of thermoplastic elastomers: POE, SEBS and TPU were used to toughen composites. The results of toughening effects, mechanical properties and thermal stability properties show that: there were significant effects of these agents on impact strength; the compatibility not only affects toughening result, but also other properties; the best toughening agent for reABS/CHR fiber composites is TPU.
Comparison of Simulated and Actual Energy Use of a Hospital Building in Austria
Authors: Saipi Nargjil , Schuss Matthias , Pont Ulrich , Mahdavi Ardeshir
Published: February 2014

This paper compares calculated and measured energy use data (for space heating and cooling) pertaining to a hospital building in Austria. The building's existing energy certificate as well as monitored heating and cooling demand information were acquired from the hospitals administration. Moreover, the energy performance of the building was modeled using a numeric simulation application. Thereby, an extensive effort was made to define model input assumptions (building construction, weather data, internal gains) based on actual circumstances in reality. The results of the study suggest that calculated (energy certificate) and simulated heating loads were reasonably close to actual values, whereas in case of cooling loads considerable discrepancies were observed.
Determination of Linear Thermal Transmittance for Curved Detail
Authors: Vlach František , Jelínek Petr
Published: February 2014

This paper deals with the determination of linear thermal transmittance for buildings with rounded shapes. Calculation of linear thermal transmittance is a standard problem in determining the influence of thermal bridges on the overall energy performance of buildings. Computational methods are known for ordinary rectangular buildings. Current energy-saving architecture designs buildings with rounded organic shapes quite frequently. Not only it corresponds with new trends in architecture, but also serves to improve the area to volume ratio of buildings. In such cases the value of linear thermal transmittance calculated by standard methods isn't accurate enough. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of the curvature of the buildings surface to linear thermal transmittance. It provides information applicable for buildings assessment in engineering practice.
Hot Water Temperature Drop in a Pipe as a Parameter in Order to Define Operation Time of a Circulation Loop in Domestic Hot Water Distribution System
Authors: Knizova Katarina , Kovac Martin
Published: February 2014

The content of this submission is to define the operation time of a hot water circulation loop in term of the hot water temperature drop in a time depending on several factors. Type and diameter of a pipe, thickness of a thermal pipe insulation, location of distribution pipes and ambient temperature around the pipes belong among these significant factors. All these parameters and others are used in the analytic calculation of the hot water temperature drop in a time according to the standard STN EN 15316-3-2. So we can use the calculated time of hot water temperature drop in order to define time intervals of the water circulation in hot water distribution pipes. The aim of this submission is to determine heat losses from hot water distribution pipes and calculate the electric energy consumption of the circulation pump for this design state. The study results are demonstrated on the model object of a multi-dwelling house.
Improvements of Energy Balance of Existing Residential Buildings
Authors: Budiaková Mária
Published: February 2014

The paper is oriented on searching for possibilities, which would approach the existing residential buildings to zero energy buildings. Existing residential buildings must remain competitive in the real estate market. Therefore, this paper is focused on progressive solutions, which application will significantly contribute to the approach towards zero energy balance. I have done my research on a concrete residential building in Bratislava. Scientifically I analyze the individual phases of improvement of this residential building. Firstly, I calculate the annual energy balance for individual phases, then I evaluate them. The basic improvement phases of energy balance of concrete residential building: insulation, regulation of heating system, application of heat pumps, application of solar collectors and photovoltaic modules. The scientific outputs are presented by well arranged graphs. Each improvement phase is analyzed in detail with introduced risks and contribution for energy balance. I will point out the problem of incorrect architectural design from the energy point of view, which remains a serious obstacle for further possible improvements with modern technological systems. By this research, I want to point out new possibilities for existing residential buildings.
Low Energy Source Synthetic Thermal Energy Storage (STES)
Authors: Sipkova Veronika , Labudek Jiri , Galas Otakar
Published: February 2014

The team of Building environment in VŠB-Technical university of Ostrava works intensively on options in long-term accumulation of heat in underground storages. The new concept follows the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2010/31/EU on the energy performance of buildings [1]. The Directive requires that energy should be extensively covered of renewable sources produced at or in the vicinity of building, where it will be consumed. The aim of the research is create thermal energy storage with model structure for complex of family house. For the storage will be used recycled materials especially recycled concrete. This system will be heat source in winter period and heat consumer in summer period.
Possibilities of Simulations in the Planning of the Retrofit of Historical Double Skin Windows
Authors: Bakonyi Dániel , Becker Gábor
Published: February 2014

The original windows of historical buildings represent a significant part of their architectural character and thus the cultural heritage; therefore their preservation should be a high priority. Most of the historical windows in central Europe are double skinned, and for the planning of their retrofit a good understanding of the underlying building physics of such constructions is needed. This is not a trivial question, since these double skin windows differ greatly from most contemporary constructions. It is presented in the article that the low aspect ratio and the large interpane distance results in a turbulent convection with strong vertical temperature stratification in the cavity. This, in combination with the constant air in-and exfiltration through the cavity creates a strong coupling between all the thermal and mass flows through the window and makes questions like what are the exact heat losses through transmission and ventilation hard to answer. An overview is given of the different calculation models that are currently used to calculate glazing area and window heat transfer and their usability for historical double skin windows is evaluated.
The Influence of Construction Fillings of Building on Airtightness
Authors: Kraus Michal , Kubečková Darja
Published: February 2014

Construction fillings of buildings such as windows, doors or gates are very often the cause of the increased energy balance of buildings. Especially for energy efficient buildings are windows and doors the weakest parts of the building. Low quality connection of filling construction to a building structure leads to undesirable air leakage, formation of cracks and joints. Joints and gaps reduce the airtightness of buildings, increase energy consumption and reduce the operating efficiency of mechanical ventilation with heat recovery system. The main objective of contribution is to describe and analyze the impact and solution to fillings of buildings on airtightness of energy-efficient buildings.
The Influence of the Position of Windows on ΔU Value
Authors: Menďan Rastislav , Pavčeková Monika
Published: February 2014

The paper deals with the analysis of the influence of the position of windows on a value of increase of transmission heat loss coefficient because of thermal bridges (ΔU value) which contributes to total heat loss of the building. The calculation of exact ΔU value was realized using a new calculation method according to Menďan [1]. The calculation was carried out on a selected residential house with thermal insulation placed on external side of the external walls. The house was solved in three variants. The variants differed in position of the windows (i.e. in the middle of the wall thickness, aligned with the internal edge of thermal insulation and the position of the windows in thermal insulation). Each of the variants was calculated for seven various values of thermal resistance of the external wall.
The Natural Physical Cavity Energy Regime of Double-Skin Facade
Authors: Bielek Boris , Bielek Milan , Szabó Daniel
Published: February 2014

The subject of the paper is natural physical cavity of double-skin corridor type facade with year-round open circuit and effective height equal to height of one floor. Goal of the paper is quantification of thermal, aerodynamic and energy regime of this natural physical cavity. Methodology of the paper is long term in-situ experimental research (that means under the load of real conditions of the exterior climate on the building), confrontation of the theory and experiment and scientific polemic to new knowledge. Description of experimentally investigated double-skin facade. Description of the experiment in-situ (basic data, monitored physical parameters, measuring technology). Presentation of research results. New knowledges about regime of natural physical cavity of double-skin facade under windless climate conditions and under wind climate conditions. New knowledges lead us to the most important piece of knowledge about the real maximal increase of the temperatures in the cavity, which is the decisive factor for building ecology (natural ventilation from the cavity) and equally for energy (energy consumption) of a building with double-skin facade.
Thermal and Moisture Problems of Wooden Windows
Authors: Palková Adela , Palko Milan
Published: February 2014

The paper deals with the thermal moisture problems in the functional gap wooden window. It analyzes the reasons for the formation of condensation in the functional gap. Experimental verification of the problem is made on a large climatic chamber for four typical samples. Computer simulations support the evaluation of the measurement results. Proposals for action to eliminate the condensation of water vapor in the functional gap wooden window positioning in the vertical position.
Comparison of Modelled Distribution of Thermal Fields at Seasonal Ground Storage Segments
Authors: Partika Radek , Kalousek Miloš
Published: February 2014

In order to reduce the energy demand leads to the creation of alternative ways, how to store energy for extended time period and cover starting part of winter term with heating. One possibly way is to store solar energy in the soil under and near the building. This article focuses on comparing the distribution and thermal unsteady field in the seasonal distribution elements of the ground storage located under the building. The comparison will occurred change of accumulated material properties and optimal distance distribution pipes or elements, so as to create the most efficient storing systems.
Comparison of the Impact of the Ventilation Ducts on Thermal Properties of the Exterior Walls
Authors: Sevcikova Hana , Rykalová Eva , Fabian Radek
Published: February 2014

Implementation of the ventilation ducts is one of the ways how to reduce the moisture in the vertical masonry structures. Functional ventilation ducts provide air inlet and outlet, which absorb diffusing moisture from the rehabilitated walls in these ducts. This causes the reduction of moisture in the structure. The implementation of the ventilation ducts is associated with the worsening of thermal parameters of the rehabilitated walls. This paper compares three variants of structural solutions of ventilation ducts and their impact on thermal parameters of the rehabilitated structure.
Experimental Verification of Air Quality in Primary Schools
Authors: Javorček Miroslav
Published: February 2014

The air quality in the classrooms of primary schools is an issue that is high on the agenda. They are devoted to the study and Europe. They show a wide variation in air requirements by occupancy class. During weekends and holidays, it is not necessary to meet the health requirements for air taking into account the presence of students. It is possible to specify boundary conditions, which influenced thermal requirements for building envelopes, by finding and setting various intensities of air exchange, depending on the occupation and function of the building. This fact should result to improving of the energy efficiency of primary school buildings and reducing of operating energy costs.
Impact of the Installed Inlet Vent Flaps in the Window Structure on the Overall Aerodynamic Properties of the Window
Authors: Majsniar Vladimir , Bielek Boris , Szabó Daniel
Published: February 2014

Aerodynamic quantification of inlet vent flaps in controlled ventilation system. The impact of installed inlet vent flaps in the window structure on the overall aerodynamic properties of conventional triple glazed window and window glazed by the triple glazing with improved acoustic properties. The methodology and results of the measurement.
The Effect of Air Condition on Reduction of CO2 Concentration in Buildings in Family Houses
Authors: Michnová Lenka , Černíková Marcela , Hrubá Barbora
Published: February 2014

Carbon dioxide is the most common air pollutant in residential buildings. The source of this gas is primarily a human ́s metabolism, respiratory and thermoregulatory processes. With increasing concentration of carbon dioxide the amount of water vapor increases in the atmosphere and thus the relative humidity. Living without air conditioning is today unthinkable in large buildings and in buildings where we can expect too many people. There is no so high emphasis on environmental parameters in family housing such as in community facilities. The authors in this paper are trying to compare the conditions in a common family house and compare it to the standard of modern living - an experimental passive house in the area of FAST, where is partially controlled internal environment already and meets the requirements for healthy living.
Design of Balcony from the Point of View of Daylighting
Authors: Gábrová Lenka
Published: February 2014

Balconies are horizontal overhanging structures whose main function is a connection between interior and exterior space. Moreover, they increase an area of a room and they also can have a presentable, architectural and aesthetic purpose. There are a lot of requirements on the balconies, for example the requirements on static properties, thermal bridges, railings or fire safety. From the point of view of building physics, we can consider the balcony as the fixed shading construction which can reduce overheating in a shaded room during the summer but on the other hand the balcony can influence visual comfort in the room in a negative way. This article presents a comparison and an evaluation of the daylight factor in the rooms which are shaded by balconies. The influence of the balconies on the daylight factor is assessed in dependence on a length of the balcony (a balcony overhang) and dimensions of the room which the balcony shades.
Exergy Quality of Buildings
Authors: Kalmár Ferenc
Published: February 2014

Energy labeling of buildings is accepted and used in all European countries. Depending on the yearly specific primary energy consumption the energy quality of a building is expressed using a country specific method. Consequently primary energy is the basis of building energy class. Primary energy is obtained using different country specific transformation factors for gas, electricity, wood, biomass etc. However different quantities of warm water and steam can have the same energy content. Calculating the exergy content of used energy a better classification of buildings can be achieved. This paper presents a method to analyze residential buildings from exergy point of view. It was found a transformation factor between energy and exergy: 0.075.
Design of School Environment in the 21st Century
Authors: Končeková Danica , Rollová Lea
Published: February 2014

Quality of education has an impact on living and future standard of living of the society. For this reason buildings of educational facilities with suitable material and technical and economic requirements contribute to education of individual’s personality and the whole society as well, and have impact on its development. High-quality, inspiring and stimulating built-environment supports school and out-of-school work of children and youth, their physical and mental health regardless of their age or study orientation. Contribution of the international science conference is focused on application of architectonic instruments increasing the quality of living and working environment of modern educational buildings in line with hygiene standards and pedagogical needs.
EN Criteria for Evaluation of Daylight in Interiors
Authors: Darula Stanislav , Kittler Richard , Malikova Marta
Published: February 2014

Daylighting in buildings is commonly designed and evaluated after the Daylight Factor criterion which is required also by the Slovak standard STN 73 0580. The model of the overcast sky representing the worst daylight conditions is the basis of all standard daylight calculations in many countries. Currently, the prEN standard Daylighting of buildings is elaborated by the CEN TC 169 WG11. A new climatological criterion for evaluation of daylight provision is proposed to reflect various luminous conditions in European localities. This paper informs and discusses the concept of the new standard and presents an example of daylighting evaluation in an interior applying STN and new EN criteria.
Evaluation of Thermal Environment and Indoor Air Quality in University Libraries in Vienna
Authors: Adam Gabriela , Pont Ulrich , Mahdavi Ardeshir
Published: February 2014

This contribution presents the results of an indoor environmental study of university libraries in Vienna. Indoor climatic parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 levels) in the main spaces of four different library buildings (two historic buildings from the 19th century, two buildings from the late 20th century) were monitored over a period of ten months. Furthermore, to obtain a general impression of the quality of the visual environment in these buildings, illuminance levels at selected locations were measured. The measured data was analyzed and enriched with additional calculated indicators (e.g., PMV/PPD). To put the monitored data in the proper context, recorded outdoor climate data was also taken into consideration. The findings point to a certain overheating risk during the summer period as well as increased CO2 levels during the winter period.
Impact of the New CEN Minimum Illuminance Criterion on the Working Plane Size
Authors: Fabian Miroslav , Darula Stanislav
Published: February 2014

The aim of this study is to present a comparison of daylight evaluation after requirements of Slovak standard STN 73 0580 and after the new CEN criterion 300 lux median diffuse horizontal illuminance in three rooms with different plans and different size of windows. Minimum values of illuminance in lux calculated on the border of the working plane were investigated. This study shows how this new CEN criterion influences the length of working plane and size of its part usable for performance of visual tasks.
Influence of Instantaneous Measured Data on Evaluation Interval of Daylighting
Authors: Janečková Lenka , Darula Stanislav , Bošová Daniela
Published: February 2014

Daylight varies during daytime and it is an important health aspect of indoor visual environmental quality. Measurements of daylighting are very complicated in natural conditions, therefore processing and evaluation of measured date requires special care. The instantaneous illuminances in one room and outside in Bratislava with 5 second time step were measured by two illuminance meters with data loggers. The first illuminance meter registered indoor illuminance and was placed on the level of the working plane inside the room in its centre. The second illuminance meter with an unscreened sensor was placed on the roof and measured exterior global horizontal illuminance. Daily illuminance courses derived from 5 sec instantaneous data and 1 min and 1 hour averages were inspected and evaluated. This paper presents results of evaluations of real measurements and the discussion focus on the influence of evaluation interval on the accuracy of daily illuminance courses.
Thermal Stability of the Summer Period in Schoolrooms
Authors: Svatošová Irena , Michnová Lenka
Published: February 2014

Schoolrooms in school facilities are the most problematic in maintenance of the internal microclimate and that is why, they have strict hygiene requirements. The generated pollutants in this space are not only affected by the presence of people but especially by solar radiation and orientation of doors and windows to the cardinal points. Considerable importance have the size of the windows, because the room must meet the standards criteria for minimum daily requirement of iluminance Dmin. Increasing outdoor temperature, solar radiation and stay of persons in the classrooms are important aspects that irreversibly lead to deterioration of the microclimatic conditions in these areas. This leads to premature fatigue, loss of concentration, which may lead to headaches, for example. This paper aims to determine the impact of available instruments commonly used in practice to reduce the thermal load of sunlight in the classrooms and determine the actual effectiveness of individual instruments in the real environment.
Assessment of Daylighting Design Tools Against Test Cases Included in CIE's 171:2006 Report
Authors: Vajkay František , Zizka Lukas
Published: February 2014

Daylighting design of buildings is a neglected discipline of building physics, although it is an important element of a healthy indoor environment, since daylight influences the well being of every living being inhabiting a space inside and outside of buildings. It influences the biological rhythms of humans and also enables a visual feedback from the surroundings. To evaluate daylighting inside of buildings one may use any of the available numero-graphical or numerical approaches as much as computer tools. Nevertheless one does not know how precise these methodologies really are. The values of sky, externally and internally reflected components of the obtained daylight factor may vary depending on the given tool, used. To prevent such errors CIE did publish a technical report for the validation of computer design tools, howbeit it can be used to verify the quality of older methods too. The aim of the paper is to point out, that numero-graphical approaches can sometimes determine the daylight factor levels with a smaller errata in contrast to newly developed software, particularly if it handles about the sky and externally reflected components of daylight factor.
Exploring the Contact Comfort within Complex Well-Being in Microenvironment
Authors: Kotradyová Veronika , Teischinger Alfred
Published: February 2014

The paper deals with the problematic of contact comfort as a part of body conscious design/ human-centred design. Contact comfort consist of a combination of balanced surface temperature, heat transmission, surface roughness, surface elasticity/hardness, sorption activity of the surface in terms of vapour/fluids absorbance, sorption activity of the surface in terms of absorbing the external moisture (e.g. sweat or humidity of air/its condensates), having control over body position, possibilities of maintenance and visual comfort connected with cultural background of users, individual mental and physical setting that is creating overall feeling of comfort. All these parameters are measurable and it is possible to optimize them with an aim to get good solutions that are providing higher contact comfort.Roughness is extremely important for overall feeling of contact comfort it has direct relation also to the other features. The current paper presents also the methodology and results of the pilot study of contact comfort. .Different wood based materials and wood species with different types of surface finishing in comparison with other materials were investigated by using a test chair.
Air-Tightness and Acoustic Properties of SuperAdobe System
Authors: Teslík Jiří , Zdražilová Naďa , Vodičková Martina
Published: February 2014

Paper presents results of measuring of airtightness and acoustic properties of clay house. This clay house was built as a "SuperAdobe house" from the bags filled with clay. Construction of the clay house is a cupola. Objective of the measurement was to evaluate the quality of peripheral construction in terms of airtightness. We also wanted to verify the acoustic parameters of earthen structures and determine the value of airborne sound insulation.
Calculation and Experimental Evaluation of the Thermal Resistance of a Structure with Reflective Insulation
Authors: Kalánek Jiří , Šteffek Libor , Ostrý Milan
Published: February 2014

As reason of increasing requirements of thermal insulation properties of the exposed envelope, reflective insulation are among kind of modern thermal insulation materials ones, which can significantly increased thermal insulation performance if their application is correct. Thermal insulation performance is caused by reduction of the heat transfer by radiation. Conjunction of low-emissivity surface of the reflective insulation and air layer is important to account. This article is focused on the determination of thermal properties of reflective insulation and the results of measured values thermal resistance of determination by hot box method using heat flow meter are presented here. As part of determination of thermal properties of reflective insulation by experimental methods, the test element used to measure the thermal resistance of an insulated air cavity had to be created for concordance with the normative requirements. The part of this article is determination of the thermal resistance by the calculation of derived physical relations and comparison with values of the laboratory measurement.