bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Kim(2022), A study on functional change of {-sʌp-}
Authors:   Morphology, Kim Hyun-ju
Published: January 2025

This article presents a critical review of Kim Tae-woo's (2022) monograph, A study on the functional change of {-sʌp-}, a revised publication of his 2018 doctoral dissertation. Kim's work challenges the prevailing scholarly consensus regarding the diachronic evolution of the Middle Korean humbleness marker {-sʌp-}. Departing from conventional analyses, Kim posits a novel hypothesis, substantiated by textual evidence, and further corroborated through the application of linguistic change theories and cross-linguistic data. Of particular significance is Kim's insightful observation that the initial stage of {-sʌp-}'s functional shift from object-oriented humbleness to listener-oriented politeness manifests as a marker of humbleness of the speaker’s action, which is also the subject’s action, within clause-conjoining contexts. This development is attributed to a process of expressive diversion, a compelling theoretical framework that offers a plausible explanation for this previously undocumented phenomenon. Beyond this central argument, Kim's study provides further noteworthy contributions. He introduces a framework for analyzing interpersonal relationships within texts, employing this to delineate three distinct functions of {-sʌp-}. Additionally, he identifies an suppression of {-sʌp-} according to the listener’s social status. This review critically engages with these key findings, drawing upon existing research, general linguistic theory, and relevant language data to offer a comprehensive evaluation of Kim's contribution to the field.
Cultural, Religious and Economic Causes of Child Marriage in Sokoto State, North West, Nigeria
Authors: Khalid Suleman , Maigemu Ahmad Yahaya
Published: January 2025

Marriage is a social institution which provides a formal union for a man and a woman, by which they become husband and wife. The inauguration of marriage institution depends on people’s own religions, traditions and cultural background. This paper explores the cultural, religious and economic causes of child marriage in Sokoto state, Nigeria with focus on the view of traditional and religious leaders in the state. The study is purely qualitative using specifically in-depth interviews (IDI). Interviews were conducted with a total of 48 respondents made up of 18 religious leaders and 30 traditional leaders. The study find out that the major reason for the practice of early marriage has to do with cultural, religious and moral considerations. Since Islam has its views, positions and legal opinions (fatwa) on early marriage, the issues need to be more widely discussed and debated among the Islamic scholars.
METABOLIC SURGERY VERSUS CLINICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Pedro do Valle Varela João , Clara Berzoini Albuquerque Ana , Sandoval Pickert Fabio , Rezende Danielle , Bandeira Lima Julia , Oliveira Gil de Almeida Yasmin , Lucindo Lakatos Luiza , Carrara Folly Valente Jaqueline , Augusto Rocha Pompermayer Vinicius , Pereira Ramos Júnior Sidney , Guimarães Cunha Débora , Wagmacker Barbosa Bárbara , Wagmacker Barbosa Debora , Seraphim Veronez Rebeca , Teles Rodrigues Camila
Published: January 2025

Morbid obesity is a chronic and progressive condition associated with various comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. In the management of this condition, clinical treatments and surgical interventions have been widely debated, with metabolic surgery standing out as an alternative for cases refractory to clinical treatment. To compare the costs and efficacy of metabolic surgery and clinical treatment in the management of morbid obesity, assessing the economic impacts and clinical outcomes in the medium and long term. This is a literature review with a qualitative approach, based on studies available in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Health descriptors such as “Bariatric Surgery,” “Obesity Management,” and “Type 2 Diabetes Treatment” were used, covering the period from 2015 to 2023. The selection followed specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of the articles included. Studies show that metabolic surgery is more effective in sustained weight loss and in controlling metabolic comorbidities, with type 2 diabetes remission rates of over 70%. In terms of costs, although the initial investment for the surgical procedure is high, there are savings in the long term due to the reduction in expenditure on medication, hospitalizations and monitoring of complications. In contrast, clinical treatment has lower initial costs, but often requires prolonged use of medication and interventions, with lower success rates in weight maintenance and remission of comorbidities. Metabolic surgery stands out as an effective and economically viable option for morbidly obese patients, especially those with severe comorbidities. However, the choice of treatment must be individualized, taking into account the surgical risks, the ability to adhere to lifestyle changes and the resources available in the health system.
Composición y estructura florística de los manglares de Acandí, Caribe colombiano
Authors: Torres Torres Jhon Jerley , Valoyes Cardozo Zulmary , Quinto Mosquera Harley , Urrutia Leyson , Robledo Daniel , Zapa Gómez María Alejandra
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Caracterizar la composición florística y aspectos de la estructura de la vegetación en bosques de manglar en el municipio de Acandí, Caribe colombiano. Metodología: Se establecieron 15 parcelas de 10 x 10 m, en las que se midió la altura total y el diámetro a todos los individuos con DAP 5 cm. Se analizó la riqueza y el Índice de Valor de Importancia (IVI) por especie y por familia. Se definieron aspectos como la similitud y la distribución diamétrica y altimétrica. Resultados: Se registraron 14 especies, 14 géneros y 12 familias, la mayor riqueza florística se agrupó en las familias Combretaceae, Lecythydaceae y Rizopho- raceae. Las especies más importantes según su IVI fueron: Rizophora mangle L., Conocarpus erectus L. y Ceiba pentandra L., para las localidades de Playa Soledad, La Diana y Rufino. Los bosques presentan múltiples estratos, con gran cantidad de individuos en las categorías inferiores (dominadas) y pocos individuos en el dosel superior (alcanzando alturas de hasta 28 m). Conclusión: La riqueza y la composición contrasta con los patrones florísticos sugeridos para este tipo de ecosistemas en el Caribe colombiano, sobre todo a nivel de familia y especie. La concentración de individuos en clases diamétricas pequeñas es consistente con las características de bosques secundarios, lo que da cuenta del efecto de disturbios ocasionados por actividades antrópicas.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN ADAPTIF BERBASIS KECERDASAN BUATAN (AI) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA SISWA DENGAN KEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI KELAS INKLUSIF
Authors: MAULIDIN SYARIF
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of AI-based adaptive learning in improving academic performance, engagement, and social interaction of students with special needs in inclusive classrooms. The background of this research is driven by the challenges in providing appropriate education for students with special needs, who often struggle to keep up with regular classroom instruction. The research used a quasi-experimental method with two groups: the experimental group using AI-based learning and the control group using conventional learning methods. Data were collected through academic tests, student engagement questionnaires, and classroom observations to evaluate the impact of AI-based learning on students with special needs. The results show that the implementation of AI-based learning significantly improved the academic scores of students with special needs, with enhanced engagement and social interaction compared to regular students. AI-based learning provides more suitable support for students' abilities and allows them to learn more effectively. The conclusion of this study is that AI-based learning has great potential to improve the quality of education for students with special needs and can be widely applied in inclusive education settings.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas pembelajaran adaptif berbasis kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam meningkatkan kinerja akademik, keterlibatan, dan interaksi sosial siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus di kelas inklusif. Latar belakang penelitian ini didorong oleh tantangan dalam memberikan pendidikan yang sesuai bagi siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus, yang sering kali kesulitan mengikuti pembelajaran di kelas reguler. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen kuasi dengan dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok eksperimen yang menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis AI dan kelompok kontrol yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes akademik, kuesioner keterlibatan siswa, dan observasi kelas untuk mengevaluasi dampak pembelajaran berbasis AI terhadap siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berbasis AI meningkatkan skor akademik siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus secara signifikan, dengan peningkatan keterlibatan dan interaksi sosial yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa reguler. Pembelajaran berbasis AI memberikan dukungan yang lebih sesuai dengan kemampuan siswa dan memungkinkan mereka untuk belajar dengan cara yang lebih efektif. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pembelajaran berbasis AI berpotensi besar untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan bagi siswa dengan kebutuhan khusus, serta dapat diterapkan lebih luas dalam konteks pendidikan inklusif.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENILAIAN BUS TERBAIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE AHP DAN METODE TOPSIS
Authors: Daulay Darisma , Zufria Ilka , Suhardi Suhardi
Published: January 2025

Penilaian merupakan suatu proses yang dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi yang diperlukan dalam mengambil keputusan tertentu. Namun, masyarakat sering mengalami kesulitan dalam memilih bus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan menggunakan sistem pendukung keputusan yang menggabungkan metode AHP dan TOPSIS. Pendekatan ini telah terbukti meningkatkan p terhadap bus. Sistem pendukung keputusan berbasis web ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat dalam memilih moda transportasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian terhadap bus merupakan masalah utama, dengan tingkat kejadian tertinggi mencapai 0,7494 yang memilki nilai oleh bus PT. NPM Medan. Pada penelitian ini memiliki 4 kriteria yaitu waktu perjalanan, keamanan, biaya/harga dan kemudahan. Penelitian ini memiliki 12 alternatif yaitu bus CV. Kota Pinang Baru, PT. Barumun, CV. Batang Pane Baru, PO. Medan Jaya, PT. Sentosa Intra, PT. Chandra, Bilah Pane Putra, Putra Melayu, PT. Rapi, PT. NPM Medan, Eldivo dan PT. ALS (Antar Lintas Sumatera). Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan bagi masyarakat dalam memilih moda transportasi yang tepat serta memberikan informasi yang berharga bagi lembaga Terminal Amplas Medan.
PERANCANGAN SIG UMKM BLORA BERBASIS GEOJSO DAN GOOGLE MAPS
Authors: Handoyo Joko , Marahendra, Wawan Dedi , Amin Imam Husni Al , Nafiah Khittatun
Published: January 2025

Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) berperan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, terutama dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja dan pengembangan ekonomi daerah. Namun, informasi mengenai lokasi dan detail UMKM di Kabupaten Blora masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) berbasis web guna membantu masyarakat dan Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, dan UKM Kabupaten Blora dalam mengetahui dan mengelola data UMKM. Menggunakan model pengembangan perangkat lunak waterfall, data UMKM dari 16 kecamatan dan 295 desa/kelurahan dikonversi dari SHP File ke GeoJSON AJAX dan dipetakan menggunakan Google Open Street Maps. Sistem ini menampilkan peta lokasi UMKM, informasi pemilik, produk, dan berita terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SIG memudahkan akses informasi UMKM dan membantu Dinas dalam mendata dan mengelola UMKM lebih efisien, menghasilkan laporan akurat, dan mempercepat penyebaran informasi UMKM secara online, mendukung pengembangan UMKM.
SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN RUMAH BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN DATABASE MYSQL (STUDI KASUS CV. RUMAH IMPIAN)
Authors: Waruwu Jurisman , Harefa Yusmei Paskah , Laia Ofelius , Lase Devi Chrisman
Published: January 2025

Perancangan dan pengimplementasian sistem informasi penjualan rumah berbasis web untuk CV Rumah Impian dengan database MySql. Fokus penelitian adalah analisis kebutuhan, desain, uji coba, evaluasi, dan pemeliharaan sistem. Hasilnya adalah sebuah sistem informasi penjualan rumah yang dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan klien dan mudah digunakan. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem ini dapat membantu penjualan CV Rumah Impian.
The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP): Reviewing project history, evolution, infrastructure and implementation
Authors: Durack Paul J. , Taylor Karl E. , Gleckler Peter J. , Meehl Gerald A. , Lawrence Bryan N. , Covey Curt , Stouffer Ronald J. , Levavasseur Guillaume , Ben-Nasser Atef , Denvil Sebastien , Stockhause Martina , Gregory Jonathan M. , Juckes Martin , Ames Sasha K. , Antonio Fabrizio , Bader David C. , Dunne John P. , Ellis Daniel , Eyring Veronika , Fiore Sandro L. , Joussaume Sylvie , Kershaw Philip , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Lautenschlager Michael , Lee Jiwoo , Mauzey Chris F. , Mizielinski Matthew , Nassisi Paola , Nuzzo Alessandra , O’Rourke Eleanor , Painter Jeffrey , Potter Gerald L. , Rodriguez Sven , Williams Dean N.
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The CMIP6 project was the most expansive and ambitious Model Intercomparison Project (MIP), the latest in a long history, extending back four decades. CMIP has captivated and engaged a broad, growing community focused on improving our climate understanding. It has anchored our ability to quantify and attribute the drivers and responses of the observed climate changes we are experiencing today. The project's profound impact has been achieved by combining the latest climate science and technology. This has enabled the production of latest-generation climate simulations and the dissemination of their output, which has seen increased community attention in every successive phase. The review emphasizes the pragmatics of progressively scaling up efforts, the evolution of how the MIPs were implemented, and the coordinated efforts to establish a minimal infrastructure to make that possible, most recently delivering CMIP6.
Transformation Processes in the Oder Lagoon as seen from a Model Perspective
Authors: Neumann Thomas , Schernewski Gerald , Friedland René
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The Oder/Szczecin Lagoon is one of the largest Baltic Sea lagoons and is subject to very high nutrient loads from the Oder/Odra River. For our study, we employ a modified, high-resolution 3D ecosystem model specifically adapted for this shallow lagoon. The model demonstrates stable and reliable performance over 25 years of simulation, enabling a detailed assessment of lagoon processes under various scenarios. Our model simulations indicate that changes in riverine nutrient inputs have an immediate impact on the lagoon’s water quality, affecting parameters such as phytoplankton biomass and water transparency. Hypoxia is a prevalent phenomenon, affecting most parts of the lagoon. On average, the lagoon retains 12 % (253 t/year) of the phosphorus and 40 % (17,278 t/year) of the nitrogen riverine inputs. The primary sink process for phosphorus is sediment burial, and for nitrogen, it is denitrification. Nitrogen retention decreases with increasing riverine loads, dropping to around 30 % during years with exceptionally high inputs. The nutrient retention capacity of the lagoon has significant implications for Baltic Sea eutrophication but is not currently accounted for in major policies and Baltic Sea models. Although recent nutrient loads from the Oder River comply with policy targets, such as the Baltic Sea Action Plan’s maximum allowable inputs and Germany’s river targets, these levels are insufficient to improve the lagoon’s ecological state sufficiently. The Oder Lagoon remains in a highly eutrophic condition, making the achievement of a good ecological status unlikely.
Retrieving frozen ground surface temperature under the snowpack in Arctic permafrost area from SMOS observations
Authors: Ortet Juliette , Mialon Arnaud , Royer Alain , Schwank Mike , Holmberg Manu , Rautiainen Kimmo , Bircher-Adrot Simone , Colliander Andreas , Kerr Yann , Roy Alexandre
Published: January 2025

Abstract. We developed and evaluated a new method to retrieve ground surface temperatures Tg below the snowpack from Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) L-band brightness temperatures (BT). The study was performed over 21 reference sites providing with in situ ground temperatures Tg-insitu in Northern Alaska from 2011 to 2020, representative of Arctic tundra underlined by continuous permafrost, and with various open water fractions. Tg were obtained by inverting two types of microwave emission models (MEM) tailored for winter Arctic tundra environments. The first MEM assumed a homogeneous SMOS pixel and optimized the surface roughness Hr,gs. We observed the important influence of the frozen water bodies on Tg retrievals. Accordingly, we used an advanced MEM that accounts for the water surfaces within the SMOS pixels and describes their emission using an optimized water-ice interface roughness parameter, Hr,wi. For sites with water fraction < 0.04, our methods (median correlation R = 0.60) outperformed the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis (ERA5) product (median R = 0.51) with respect to the reference sites. The bias between retrieved and in situ temperature was slightly negative (median bias = -0.2 °C). For sites with water fraction > 0.20, our water fraction correction reduced the bias, but the correlation of the Tg retrievals remained lower than that of ERA5. This study opens a new avenue for monitoring Tg below the snowpack in the Arctic using L-band BT, by inversion of a relatively simple MEM and limited auxiliary data. Extending this study to the whole Arctic area and taking advantage of the 15 years of SMOS data to study spatio-temporal variability of winter Tg in Arctic environments is excessively promising.
Summer Greenland Blocking in observations and in SEAS5.1 seasonal forecasts: robust trend or natural variability?
Authors: Beckmann Johanna , Di Capua Giorgia , Davini Paolo
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Given its impact on enhanced melting of the Greenland ice sheet, it is crucial to assess changes in frequency and characteristics of summer Greenland blocking. Indeed, the occurrence of such atmospheric pattern has seen a marked increase in recent decades: however, the observed trend is not captured by any simulation from state-of-the-art global climate models. It is therefore paramount to determine whether the lack of trend is caused by a misrepresentation of key physical mechanisms in climate models or whether such trend is mainly attributable to decadal variability, or both. Here we investigate Greenland blocking characteristics in reanalysis (ERA5) and ECMWF seasonal forecasts (SEAS5.1), showing that about 10 % of the 1000 permutations of SEAS5.1 runs can simulate a 43-year trend equal or larger to the ERA5 one: this suggests that the initialization and the higher model resolution contribute to a more realistic representation of the blocking dynamics than in freely-evolving climate runs. To further investigate these aspects, we apply the Peter and Clark momentary conditional independence (PCMCI) algorithm to assess monthly causal pathways. Results show that while the relationship among Arctic temperature, snow cover, Atlantic multidecadal variability and Greenland blocking is consistent both in ERA5 and SEAS5.1, the effect of early snow melt over North America on Greenland blocking is mostly absent in SEAS5.1. Therefore, while it is possible that the observed trend is due to internal decadal variability, the misrepresentation of the snow cover processes may explain the difficulty that SEAS5.1 has in reproducing the observed trend. This deficit in representing the snow impact on the atmospheric circulation might also be the culprit of the missing trend in climate models, raising the question whether long-term projections underestimate a future increase in Greenland blocking and ice melt.
Understanding the relationship between streamflow forecast skill and value across the western US
Authors: Modi Parthkumar A. , Carbone Jared C. , Jennings Keith S. , Kamen Hannah , Kasprzyk Joseph R. , Szafranski Bill , Wobus Cameron W. , Livneh Ben
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Accurate seasonal streamflow forecasts are essential for effective decision-making in water management. In a decision-making context, it is important to understand the relationship between forecast skill— the accuracy of forecasts against observations – and forecast value, which is the forecast’s economic impact assessed by weighing potential mitigation costs against potential future losses. This study explores how errors in these probabilistic forecasts can reduce their economic “value”, especially during droughts when decision-making is most critical. This value varies by region and is contextually dependent, which often limits retrospective insights to specific operational water management systems. Additionally, the value is shaped by the intrinsic qualities of the forecasts themselves. To assess this gap, this study examines how forecast skill transforms into value for true forecasts (using real-world models) in unmanaged snow-dominated basins that supply flows to downstream managed systems. We measure forecast skill using quantile loss and quantify forecast value through the Potential Economic Value framework. The framework is well-suited for categorical decisions and uses a cost-loss model, where the economic implications of both correct and incorrect decisions are considered for a set of hypothetical decision-makers. True forecasts are included, made with commonly used models within an Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP) framework using a process-based hydrologic modeling system, WRF-Hydro; a deep learning model, Long Short-term Memory Networks; as well as operational forecasts from the NRCS. To better interpret the relationship between skill and value, we compare true forecasts with synthetic forecasts that are created by imposing regular error structures on observed streamflow volumes. We evaluate the sensitivity of skill and value from both synthetic and true forecasts to fundamental statistical measures - errors in mean and standard deviation. Our findings indicate that errors in mean and standard deviation consistently explain variations in forecast skill for true forecasts. However, these errors do not fully explain the variations in forecast value across the basins, primarily due to irregular error structures, which impact categorical measures such as hit and false alarm rates, causing high forecast skill to not necessarily result in high forecast value. We identify two key insights: first, hit and false alarm rates effectively capture variability in forecast value rather than errors in mean and standard deviation; second, the relationship between forecast skill and value shifts monotonically with drought severity. These findings emphasize the need for a deeper understanding of how forecast performance metrics relate to both skill and value, highlighting the complexities in assessing the effectiveness of forecasting systems.
AI-NAOS: an AI-based nonspherical aerosol optical scheme for the chemical weather model GRAPES_Meso5.1/CUACE
Authors: Wang Xuan , Bi Lei , Wang Hong , Wang Yaqiang , Han Wei , Shen Xueshun , Zhang Xiaoye
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The Artificial-Intelligence-based Nonspherical Aerosol Optical Scheme (AI-NAOS) is a newly developed aerosol optical module that improves the representation of aerosol optical properties for radiative transfer simulations in atmospheric models. It incorporates the nonsphericity and inhomogeneity (NSIH) of internally mixed aerosol particles through a deep learning method. Specifically, the AI-NAOS considers black carbon (BC) to be fractal aggregates and models soil dust (SD) as super-spheroids, encapsulated partially or completely with hygroscopic aerosols such as sulfate, nitrate, and aerosol water. To obtain AI-NAOS, a database of the optical properties for the models was constructed using the invariant imbedding T-matrix method (IITM), and deep neural networks (DNN) were trained based on this database. In this study, the AI-NAOS was integrated into the mesoscale version 5.1 of Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System with Chinese Unified Atmospheric Chemistry Environment (GRAPES_Meso5.1/CUACE). Real-case simulations were conducted during a winter with high pollution, comparing BC aerosols evaluated using three schemes with spherical aerosol models (external-mixing, core-shell, and volume-mixing schemes) and the AI-NAOS scheme. The results showed that the NSIH effect led to a moderate estimation of absorbing aerosol optical depth (AAOD) and obvious changes in aerosol radiative effects, shortwave heating rates, temperature profiles, and boundary layer height. The AAOD values based on three spherical schemes were 70.4 %, 125.3 %, and 129.3 % over the Sichuan Basin, benchmarked to AI-NAOS results. Compared to the external-mixing scheme, the direct radiative effect (DRE) induced by the NSIH effect reached +1.6 W m−2 at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and −2.9 W m−2 at the surface. The NSIH effect could enhance the shortwave heating rate, reaching 23 %. Thus, the warming effect at 700 hPa and the cooling effect on the ground were strengthened by 21 % and 13 %, reaching +0.04 and −0.10 K, which led to a change in the height of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) by −11 m. In addition, the precipitation was inhibited by the NSIH effect, causing a 15 % further decrease. Therefore, the NSIH effects demonstrated their non-negligible impacts and highlighted the importance of incorporating them into chemical weather models.
Improving the hydrological consistency of a process-based solute-transport model by simultaneous calibration of streamflow and stream concentrations
Authors: Salmon-Monviola Jordy , Fovet Ophélie , Hrachowitz Markus
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The consistency of hydrological models, i.e. their ability to reproduce observed system dynamics, needs to be improved to increase their predictive power. As using streamflow data alone to calibrate models is not sufficient to constrain them and render them consistent, other strategies must be considered, in particular using additional types of data. The aim of this study was to test whether simultaneous calibration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate (NO3-) concentrations along with streamflow improved the hydrological consistency of a parsimonious solute-transport model. A multi-objective approach with four calibration scenarios was used to evaluate the model's predictions for an intensive agricultural headwater catchment. After calibration, the model reasonably simultaneously reproduced the dynamics of discharge and DOC and NO3- concentrations in the stream of the headwater catchment from 2008–2016. Evaluation using independent datasets indicated that the model usually reproduced dynamics of groundwater level and soil moisture in upslope and riparian zones correctly for all calibration scenarios. Using daily stream concentrations of DOC and NO3- along with streamflow to calibrate the model did not improve its ability to predict streamflow for calibration or evaluation periods. The approach significantly improved the representation of groundwater storage and to a lesser extent soil moisture in the upslope zone but not in the riparian zone. Parameter uncertainty decreased when the model was calibrated using solute concentrations, except for parameters related to fast and slow reservoir flow. This study shows the added value of using multiple types of data along with streamflow, in particular DOC and NO3- concentrations, to constrain hydrological models to improve representation of internal hydrological states and flows. With the increasing availability of solute data from catchment monitoring, this approach provides an objective way to improve the consistency of hydrological models that can be used with confidence to evaluate scenarios.
Analytical treatment of proton double-quantum NMR intensity buildup: multi-spin couplings and the flip-flop term
Authors: Fatkullin Nail , Brekotkin Ivan , Saalwächter Kay
Published: January 2025

Abstract. A modified Anderson–Weiss approximation for describing double-quantum (DQ) NMR experiments in systems with many I = 1/2 spins is proposed, taking inter-spin flip-flop processes into special consideration. In this way, an analytical result is derived for multi-spin systems for the first time. It is shown that in the initial stages of DQ intensity buildup, the probability of flip-flop processes in DQ experiments is half as large as in analogous Hahn echo or free induction decay experiments. Their influence on the experimentally observed DQ NMR signal becomes dominant at times t>9/21/2T2eff≈2.12T2eff, where T2eff is the effective spin–spin relaxation time measured by the Hahn echo. Calculations and a comparison with spin dynamics simulations of small spin systems of up to eight spins reveal a satisfactory agreement.
ChatGPT, Python, and Microsoft Excel
Authors: Sbampato Kaique , Arruda Humberto , Silva Édison Renato
Published: January 2025

This article examines how the integration of ChatGPT, Python, and Microsoft Excel can significantly enhance the productivity of medical librarians. These tools provide a powerful framework for automating tasks, processing large datasets, and generating actionable insights. ChatGPT, with its advanced natural language processing, helps automate Python script generation and improve data processing in Excel, streamlining workflows and enabling more precise service delivery. Practical applications demonstrate improvements in information retrieval, data management, and research support. The results show that, despite some integration challenges, these technologies have the potential to greatly elevate the efficiency and effectiveness of librarians in managing healthcare data.
Revisiting JMLA case reports: a publication category for driving innovation in health sciences librarianship
Authors: Boruff, AHIP Jill T. , Kraft Michelle , Carroll Alexander
Published: January 2025

In the April 2019 issue (Vol. 106 No. 3), the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) debuted its Case Report publication category. In the years following this decision, the Case Reports category has grown into an integral component of JMLA. In this editorial, the JMLA Editorial Team highlights the value of case reports and outlines strategies authors can use to draft impactful manuscripts for this category.
Dermatomiositis juvenil en paciente de 8 años, sintomatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento clínico
Authors: Villa García Alejandra , Sánchez Tuapante María de Lourdes , Patiño Rocha César , Rodas Espinoza Claudia Rosana , Tipán Barros Jonathan
Published: January 2025

La dermatomiositis juvenil es una patología rara y subdiagnosticada en la población infantil. Un diagnóstico tardío conlleva a un desenlace fatal en el paciente pediátrico, No obstante, establecer un adecuado abordaje clínico ante la falta de pruebas de laboratorio específicas reduce la morbimortalidad significativamente. Por lo que, es importante la sospecha clínica que encamine al tratamiento oportuno y mejore el pronóstico de los pacientes pediátricos que padecen esta condición.
Technology, domestic and family violence: perpetration, experiences and responses
Authors: Harris Bridget
Published: January 2025

Digital media and devices are increasingly used by domestic and family violence perpetrators to coerce, control and entrap victim/survivors targets. Behaviours facilitated through technology are not divorced from but inextricably connected to other forms of harm. This brief provides definitions and frameworks to understand technology-facilitated domestic and family violence (TFDFV) and an overview of patterns and trends in perpetration and impacts on victim/survivors. In the interest of preventing violence and safeguarding and empowering those subjected to abuse, this is a crucial field of enquiry.
Disability Access to Australian Higher Education
Authors: Grant-Smith Deanna , Irmer Bernd
Published: January 2025

Since the 1990s, the Commonwealth government has funded universities to improve the proportional representation of designated equity groups in higher education. This briefing paper evaluates how well Australian universities have performed against the parity targets of the widening participation agenda for students with disability. It finds the higher education sector has some work ahead to reach targets for enrolments and completions in undergraduate, postgraduate coursework and postgraduate research programs.
A Influência da Reforma no sector Público na Qualidade do Atendimento do Baú municipal em Moçambique
Authors: Mpenda Chibalonza , Eugénio Grécia da Nina
Published: January 2025

Este estudo analisa o impacto da reforma no sector público na qualidade de atendimento oferecida aos cidadãos. A pesquisa busca compreender como mudanças estruturais, organizacionais e tecnológicas afetam os serviços público, considerandos a Perspetiva dos utentes e dos funcionários. No entanto, investiga como as reformas administrativas influenciam a qualidade do atendimento no sector público. Para isso, utiliza uma bordagem qualitativa baseada em analise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com funcionário públicos e utentes /cidadão. os resultados indicam que, embora as reformas promovem eficiência e modernização, os desafios relacionados à capacitação, recursos financeiros e resistência à mudança ainda limitam a melhoria na qualidade do atendimento, as reformas possam melhorar aspectos operacionais, a qualidade do atendimento depende de factores como investimento em capacitação, infraestrutura adequada e políticas que garantam e equidade. A experiência dos usuários mostrou que as mudanças tecnológicas embora positivas , precisam ser acompanhadas de melhorias na interação de cidadão .conclui-se que, apesar das melhorias na estrutura organizacional , a implementação das reformas ainda enfrenta obstáculos relacionados à capacitação profissional e ao acesso igualitário aos serviços e investir em capacitação , fomentar a participação dos servidores no planejamento das mudanças e garantir recursos suficientes são estratégias fundamentais para alcançar resultados mais consistentes .
Whatever happened to F International?
Authors: Bryant Antony
Published: January 2025

F International was a pioneering company set up by Dame Stephanie “Steve” Shirley in the 1960s specifically to provide flexible, free-lance opportunities for highly skilled women who needed to juggle childcare and other domestic or caring responsibilities with a desire to continue using and developing their programming and other computer-related skills and expertise. From the 1980s onwards it was lauded by many, with coverage in the media and in top management journals. Yet by the early years of this century, it had all but disappeared, having lost its distinctive features along the way. Was this an unavoidable outcome of its growth and strategy of mergers and acquisitions? Were opportunities lost or did key decisions unwittingly lead to this result? Or was there an inevitability to such a project?
Missing women: Using a Bourdieusian approach to explore the lack of female representation in the technology industry
Authors: Campbell Jackie
Published: January 2025

Gender issues persist in the computing industry, with women representing only just over 20 percent of the workforce, despite numerous initiatives to encourage their wider participation. This paper explores gender inequalities within the computing industry by adapting the sociological lens of Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of capital, habitus and field to understand why inequalities arise and persist in the computing industry. Using interviews with both men and women in the computing industry, the research explores the gender perceptions and systemic experiences from both perspectives. The findings indicate that while inequalities persist, women can and do demonstrate agency in creating their own social support networks to assist in negotiating the male dominated workplace. Promisingly, there is also an increasing awareness among men in the industry regarding the importance of inclusivity, coupled with the positive impact of such developments for them personally.
Computational thinking and gender imbalance in computer science
Authors: Abbate Janet
Published: January 2025

The percentage of female computer science majors is lower today at U.S. schools than in the 1980s, despite decades of effort by concerned computer scientists and the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF). Researchers have addressed a variety of possible reasons, ranging from the lack of female role models, to sexism on campus and in the workplace, to conflicts between work and motherhood. More recently, efforts to attract women have focused on the content of computer science as a factor deterring women. In particular, recent studies have proposed that the subject will be more appealing to underrepresented groups — especially girls — if teachers emphasize “computational thinking.” The idea that computer science has its own special way of thinking, which can both appeal to women and be transferred to non-computing fields, has been a subject of enthusiasm but also debate among computer education experts. This paper explores the implications of the claim that teaching computational thinking can help undo the gender imbalance in computing, and what this says about computer science itself.
History in the making: Whistleblowers and big tech
Authors: Hicks Mar
Published: January 2025

The recent history of computing has been drafted in the press as the story of corporations and the men who lead them. Another story, reported on widely but often less explicitly connected by the general public to the progress of computing history is the story of the people — mostly women, and mostly women of color — who have been engaged in various forms of whistleblowing and truth telling to publicly try to hold these corporations to account for dangerous practices and products that have caused harm, and that promise to cause further social, political, economic, and technical problems not only for the U.S. but globally. It is important to highlight these women in the historical narrative, starting with discussions of recent and contemporary history, so that there is a “first draft” of the history that ensures they are not ignored in subsequent retellings of this period of computing’s history.
Study of The Possibility of Obtaining Binding Materials from Phosphorus Industry Waste
Authors:   NPJSC «Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named after Gumarbek Daukeyev», BEISEKOVA Tuleuzhan , SHANBAYEV Maxat ,   NPJSC «Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named after Gumarbek Daukeyev», ZHANDAULETOVA Farida ,   NPJSC «Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications named after Gumarbek Daukeyev»
Published: January 2025

The research work is devoted to the possibility of recycling large-tonnage solid
waste of phosphorus production – phosphogypsum in order to obtain binders for use in the
construction industry to obtain various building materials. The main parameters of the process
(the composition of the main raw material, the degree of grinding of the raw material,
the temperature and time of dehydration of phosphogypsum) were investigated in the work.
Physical and chemical studies of the properties and structure of wastes have been carried
out, which make it possible to determine the fundamental possibility (or impossibility) of their
use in a particular production. The use of the Rankin diagram as a technical model made it
possible to determine the location of technogenic wastes of phosphorus production. The X-ray
phase analysis of the gypsum binder samples showed that the X-ray patterns show lines of
diffraction maxima corresponding to hemihydrate calcium sulfate, i.e., upon heat treatment
of phosphogypsum up to 200°C, dihydrate gypsum in the composition of phosphogypsum
mainly transforms into hemihydrate gypsum, which has good binding properties. The results
of the conducted studies showed the feasibility of processing old phosphogypsum into gypsum
binder.
The Basic Principles of Constructing A Computational Model of Damaged Pipeline Sections with Composite Linings in The ANSYS Software Package
Authors:   NCJSC «Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan University», ZHANGABAY Nurlan , TURSUNKULULY Timur ,   NCJSC «Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan University», IBRAIMOVA Ulzhan ,   NCJSC «Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan University», UTELBAYEVA Akmaral ,   NCJSC «Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan University»
Published: January 2025

In the article, based on a typical reduced model of the linear part of a steel main
pipeline between four supports with a crack-like through defect, methods for numerical modeling
of the main key parameters of the bandage in the form of circular composite linings are
developed: the type of composite material, the length of the lining and the thickness of the
lining. The presented calculation method is recommended to be used in the ANSYS software
package. The results obtained can be used in modeling traditional and reinforced with composite
linings main steel gas pipelines. Also, the described calculation method can be used
for numerical studies of full-scale and reduced models of main steel gas pipelines, taking into
account operational loads in the issue of increasing strength characteristics.
The Effect of Honey on The Level of Dysmenorrhea Pain in Nursing Students of Muhammadiyah University Tasikmalaya
Authors: Herdiani Ida , Restiana Nia , Ariyani Hana , Febriyani Ria
Published: January 2025

Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological disorder among women of all ages and races. Dysmenorrhea is defined as pain during menstruation that is accompanied by cramping and centered in the lower abdomen. Dysmenorrhea can cause a number of problems, including activity limitation, decreased academic performance, and difficulty sleeping so that it can interfere with life activities.   Currently, there is a need for the use of herbs and alternative medicine to overcome dysmenorrhea, one of which is using honey which can reduce menstrual pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of honey on the level of dysmenorrhea pain in nursing students at Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya University. This research method uses Quasi Exsperimen research method with Pre-Experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design approach. This research was conducted at the University of Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya.  Respondents measured pain levels during dysmenorrhea before and after honey administration. The results showed that giving honey had an effect on reducing menstrual pain or dysmenorrhea in nursing students as indicated by a value of P = 0.000.  The conclusion is that there is a change in the intensity of menstrual pain before and after giving honey.  Suggestions are expected that the results of this study can be implemented by further researchers as an alternative to dysmenorrhea pain.
The Challenge of Urogenital Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Elderly Patients
Authors: Seabra Carolina , Silva Ana Filipa , Duro Raquel , Paupério André , Fagundes Vitor
Published: January 2025

Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in elderly patients with comorbidities can present diagnostic challenges. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, particularly urogenital tuberculosis, is a rare but important cause of persistent genitourinary symptoms. We describe the case of an 83-year-old female with hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and obesity who was repeatedly hospitalized for UTIs. In December 2023, she presented with progressive weakness, suprapubic pain, and altered urine despite prior antibiotic treatment. Imaging showed important bilateral pyelocalyceal dilation. She was diagnosed with urinary retention and remained catheterized. In February 2024, the patient was readmitted with multi-organ dysfunction, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was eventually isolated from a urine culture. Despite being referred for treatment, the patient died. This case emphasizes: 1) the need to consider urogenital tuberculosis in elderly patients with recurrent UTIs, particularly in regions where tuberculosis is prevalent; 2) the importance of early diagnosis for appropriate and timely treatment, fundamental for a favorable outcome of a treatable disease. This case highlights the importance of implementing structured diagnostic protocols and educational initiatives to raise awareness of urogenital tuberculosis in elderly patients. Clinicians should prioritize early use of diagnostic tools like urine cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nucleic acid amplification tests, particularly in high-risk populations, to mitigate diagnostic delays and improve patient outcomes.
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) extract reduces paw edema by decreasing TNF-A and IL-6 levels in CFA-induced mice
Authors: Pribadi Agung , Mustika Arifa , Fathul Qorib Mohammad , Hamsidi Rini , Indah Puspita Dwi , Priskila Onny
Published: January 2025

Inflammation is an important immune reaction that the body uses to combat infections and heal tissue injuries. It can, however, cause swelling, discomfort, and cell damage. When tissues are wounded, the body produces inflammatory mediators, which include cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-beta, and IL-8. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has a long history of anti-inflammatory qualities in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanol extract of Safflower flowers on male rats which were divided into five groups, namely a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (P1), a dose of 200 mg/kg BW (P2), a dose of 400 mg/kg BW (P3), positive control (KP) and negative control (KN). Testing for anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by inducing the soles of mice's feet with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). The research also investigates its capacity to decrease TNF-α and IL-6, two significant inflammatory markers. The researchers utilized a thickness gauge to determine the reduction in swelling (edema) and an ELISA test to measure the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the mice to assess the anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that Safflower extract efficiently lowered inflammation, with the greatest reduction in edema found in the group given a 200 mg/kg dose (P2 group). Furthermore, the Safflowerextracts significantly lowered TNF-α(p=0.013) and IL-6 (p=0.001) levels in the P2 group, showing anti-inflammatory effects. Safflower flowers' ethanol extract has the potential to decrease inflammatory indicators in edema by impeding the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6. This demonstrates that Safflower could be an effective natural anti-inflammatory treatment.