bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Verification of 14DOF Full Vehicle Model Based on Steering Wheel Input
Authors: Kadir Z.A. , Hudha K. , Ahmad F. , Abdullah Mohamad Faizal , Norwazan A.R. , Mohd Fazli M.Y. , Khalid A.J. , Gunasilan M.
Published: June 2012

This paper presents a 14DOF full vehicle model which consists of ride, handling and tire subsystems to study vehicle dynamics behavior. The full vehicle model is then verified with well-known vehicle dynamics software namely CarSimEd based on the driver input from the steering wheel. Three types of vehicle dynamics test are performed for the purpose of model verification namely step steer test, double lane change test and slalom test. The results of model verification show that the behaviors of the model closely follow the behaviors obtained from CarSimEd software with acceptable error.
Impact Response of Thin-Walled Tubes: A Prospective Review
Authors: Mat Fauziah , Ismail K. Azwan , Yaacob S. , Inayatullah O.
Published: June 2012

Thin-walled structures have been widely used in various structural applications asimpact energy absorbing devices. During an impact situation, thin-walled tubesdemonstrate excellent capability in absorbing greater energy through plastic deformation. In this paper, a review of thin-walled tubes as collapsible energy absorbers is presented.As a mean of improving the impact energy absorption of thin-walled tubes, the influence of geometrical parameters such as length, diameter and wall thickness on the response of thin-walled tubes under compression axial loading are briefly discussed. Several design improvements proposed by previous researchers are also presented. The scope of this review is mainly focus on axial deformation under quasi-static and dynamic compressive loading. Other deformations, such as lateral indentation, inversion and splitting are considered beyond the scope of this paper. This review is intended to assist the future development of thin-walled tubes as efficient energy absorbing elements.
Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Study on Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) Tactical Vehicle
Authors: Ab Aziz Shamsul Akmar , Sohaimi Risby Mohd , Pu’ad Muhammad Hazwan , Mohd Yaman Mohd Abdullah
Published: June 2012

Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) is the study and modification of the noise and vibration characteristics of vehicles, particularly cars and trucks. NVH parameters which consist of noise (unwanted sound), vibration (mechanical oscillation) and harshness (severity or discomfort of noise or vibration) need to be evaluated in order to improve comfort and safety levels for vehicle occupants. In this paper, NVH study was conducted on Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) tactical vehicles in order to ensure that the vehicles meet the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Directive 2002/44/EC. The project aim was to identify the preferable solution that can improve the NVH parameters of the vehicles in accordance to the standard and test protocols. A 4x4 Troop Transporter vehicle which carried 8 persons at the rear cabin was used in the NVH testing. The vibration parameters studied are hand arm vibration (HAV), focussing on vibration on the steering wheels of the vehicle, and whole body vibration (WBV), focussing on vibration on the seats. For noise, it was measured at the driver cabin and rear cabin of the vehicles. From the results, the HAV value for driver during idle speed was found to be higher than the others velocity. For WBV, vibration value for passenger 1 in rear cabin was highest compared to the other WBV test points.
Vehicle Speed Control Using Gain Scheduling PID Controller
Authors: Kadir Faizul Akmar Abdul , Hudha Khisbullah , Nasir Mohd Zakaria Mohammad
Published: June 2012

This paper presents a control strategy for controlling speed of a vehicle experiencing the disturbance from road gradient using simulation method. A non-linear vehicle longitudinal model is used for modeling the vehicle behavior in longitudinal direction and the vehicle is subjected to several positive (uphill) road gradient disturbances. The gain scheduling Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is proposed to achieve the control objective. MATLAB-SIMULINK is chosen as a simulation tool to simulate the vehicle dynamics behavior and evaluate the performance of the control structure. The result shows that the proposed controller is effective in controlling the vehicle speed with relatively lower speed drop. The controller performance is far better than the fixed gain PID controller.
Whole Body Vibrations Exposure to Malaysian Driver Using Novel IKaz Method
Authors: Ismail Ahmad Rasdan , Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Kamaruddin Nur Farhana , Ab Rahman Mohd Nizam
Published: June 2012

A car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for driving and transporting passengers. Therefore, cars are one of the most important forms of transportation worldwide. However, high magnitude of whole-body vibration (WBV) that can be associated with the car may lead to various diseases and health problems, such as low back pain, in humans. This study intended to present the value of Daily Exposure to Vibration A(8) and Vibration Dose Value (VDV) experienced by the car driver, with care taken to elucidate the effects of WBV on the human body. In addition, this study is done to implements a newly developed statistical analysis method called I-kaz 3D to determine the vibration level accordingly. The high value of I-kaz 3D coefficient corresponds to the high VDV value and otherwise. This study was conducted on a national car. The WBV exposure was measured for 10 min. Data was collected using an IEPE(ICPTM) accelerometer sensor connected to a DT9837 device, capable of effectively measuring and analyzing the vibration. The vibration results were displayed on a personal computer using a custom graphical user interface (GUI). From the results gathered, it is confirm that WBV absorbed by the human body increases with an increase in the duration and magnitude of vibration exposure by the driver, illustrated by the increase in the value of daily exposure to vibration A(8) and the calculated vibration dose value (VDV).
Review on the Application of Driving Simulators for Research and Training Activities in Malaysia
Authors: Ariffin Muammar Quadaffi Mohd , Ilyas Rabihah , Firdaus Mohd M.S. , Borhan Nurulhana , Saad Mohamad Hanif Md
Published: June 2012

Driving simulators (DS) are extensively used worldwide as tools in research and training related to driving behaviour and road safety. However, DS have yet to be used extensively in Malaysia. While there is no guarantee that the use of DS may have direct positive impact on road safety, it offers an objective and insightful opportunity to measure and understand driving behaviour. This is especially relevant in Malaysia as it struggles to reduce the high number of fatalities due to road crashes. This paper reviews the role of simulators in research and training worldwide to better understand the driving behaviour and how Malaysia can benefit from useful tool.
Quantification of Field of View and Blind Zone Reduction for Safe Driving
Authors: Shanmugavel Madhavan
Published: June 2012

This paper presents the quantification of Field of View of external Rear View Mirror in automobiles. The decision based on available Field of View and the blind zone for lane changing is one of the major factors in road accident. This study presents a preliminary study of quantifying field of view of rear view mirror in automotive vehicles. A simple method of estimating the Field of View is shown and also a passive method of increasing the Field of View is discussed. The proposed method helps the designers and road users to choose the mirror of right size to provide extra field of view beyond the regulatory requirements.
Simulation of Effect of Solder Balls Layout on Warpage and Interfacial Stresses of FBGA
Authors: Chang Chia Lung , Chen Li Chung , Li Po Hsien
Published: June 2012

The finite element method is used to construct the sequential processing model of the package. The model is used to simulate the warpage and interfacial stresses of FBGA (Fine-pitch Ball Grid Array) package due to the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between layered materials of package during assembly processes. The processing model uses the function of element birth and death to simulate the processing step of package model, considering the sequentially accumulated warpage and stresses during the processing steps. The induced package stresses can cause the delamination between die/die attach interface. In order to verify the simulation results, the simulated package warpage of a standard package is compared with the measurement of package warpage of the package. In this study, the effect of solder balls layout on the warpage and interfacial stresses at die/die attach interface is discussed by simulation results.
Structural Modification of Disc Brake Judder Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Bengsoon Matthias Edric , Abu Bakar Abd Rahim , Abdul Hamid Mohd Kameil
Published: June 2012

Brake judder is a phenomenon of noise which its vibration can be felt physically by the driver of a vehicle. If this vibration is exposed to the driver for a long period it can lead to tiredness during driving. There are two types of judder which is cold judder and hot judder. This paper will be focusing on the hot judder. As a disc surface heats up during braking it causes both sides of the disc distort and hence produce a sinusoidal waviness around its edges. In this paper finite element analysis of hot judder is performed using a commercial software package, ABAQUS. An existing brake disc design is simulated and will be used as a baseline model. Various structural modifications made on the disc are proposed in an attempt to reduce brake judder in a disc brake assembly.
Accurate Prediction of Springback in Forming of BIW Parts
Authors: Bashah Nagur Aziz Kamal , Zakaria Ahmad , Kamarulzaman Khairul Za’im , Mobin Achmed , Lazat Mohd Safuan Mohd Abdul , Muhamad Norhamidi , Deros Baba M.
Published: June 2012

The use of High Strength Steels (HSS) for automotive parts improves car performance in terms of structural strength and weight reduction. However it poses major challenges to manufacturing since HSS is prone to springback. Springback causes deviation in part geometry from its intended design thus giving problem to its subsequent assembly process. In this paper, three models for predicting springback were evaluated. First model is based on the Multiple Regression (MR) technique. Second model utilized Hill Orthotropic constitutive material model and the last model employed a neural network predictive model. All the models were evaluated by using tool surface and stamped part historical data that are obtained from three selected springback prone automotive BIW parts representing three different levels of springback severity namely high, medium and small. The results on the low springback part show that the neural network model outperforms the other approaches.
Analysis on Strength, Stiffness and Stability for Shippment Structure of Hull Subsection
Authors: Zeng Qing Dun , Qiao Meng Hua
Published: June 2012

In allusion to the safety problems of the shippment structure of hull subsection at area B in a Shipyard Co., Ltd., Guangdong, in this paper, a solid model for a proposed shippment structure of hull subsection was established by using a finite element software ANSYS which is a common software, the internal force (stress), deformation and stability of components under various actual working conditions were calculated, and then the checks of strength, stiffness and stability were performed on the basis of the national regulations. The results show that both strength and stability can meet the safety requirements of operation, but stiffness is insufficient, because the horizontal displacement of steel pillars in shippment structure oversteps the specified value of the national standards of China. The conclusion provides a theoretical foundation for the safety use of shippment structure of hull subsection and the optimization and improvement of the structure.
Research on Combined Numerical Integral Algorithms in Structure Seismic Hybrid Testing
Authors: Cai Xin Jiang , Tian Shi Zhu , Wang Xiao Feng
Published: June 2012

ΛεεThe explicit integral algorithms is not requiring iteration but needing a conditional stable, and the implicit integral algorithms is unconditionally stable but requiring iteration. In this paper, a modified Wilson θ method that named CD-Wilson θ method is established, the center difference method is used as explicit integral algorithms and Wilson θ method is used as implicit integral algorithms. And the amplification matrix is used to explore the stability and the precision according to calculation and deduction. The results show that conclusions of stability condition is θΩE≤2 , the problem of constrained time step of CD-Newmark is solved, and the value range of high precision and good stability is τ=6, ε =4 and 0<θ<0.6.
Strength of Square CFT Stub Columns with Slender Sections
Authors: Lu Zhao Hui , Zhao Yan Gang , Yu Zhi Wu
Published: June 2012

This paper presents an investigation of ultimate strength of square CFT stub columns with slender sections. The definition of square CFT stub columns with slender sections is discussed and a new strength model is proposed. Experimental results of 31 axially loaded square CFT stub columns published in the literature are then used to verify the proposed strength model. Results show that the proposed strength model provides a direct, compact, and efficient representation of the ultimate strength of square CFT stub columns with slender sections.
Test Research on Seismic Performance of Column
Authors: Wan Hai Tao , Li Peng
Published: June 2012

Reinforced concrete (RC) column component is a very important lateral force-resisting member which is widely used in China. Its seismic behavior has a great impact on the seismic performance of the overall structure. Damage of some reinforced concrete frame structures under the earthquake is caused by the damage of columns, So RC columns are an essential seismic members. The paper introduces the design of RC column specimen, mechanical properties of materials, production of RC column specimen, test method, loading device, loading system, the contents of measurement and data acquisition in detail. From the above analysis, it is obvious that the test is the most effective means of studying the seismic performance of column.
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Interior Beam-Column Joints in Reinforced Concrete Frame
Authors: Zhao Huang Juan , Fan Hai Tao , Wang Zhi Xin
Published: June 2012

By using finite element analysis software ABAQUS, the mechanical behavior of the beam-column joints is studied through analyzing 8 interior beam-column joints in RC frame. Meanwhile, the factors which can have effects on the behavior of the beam-column joints are also obtained. The reasonable parameters such as material constitutive, the boundary conditions and mesh types will directly affect the accuracy of finite element analysis results. The mechanical behavior of the beam-column joint in RC frame is decided by concrete strength and volumetric percentage of stirrups. With the increase of concrete strength and volumetric percentage of stirrups in joint core, the shear capacity of interior beam-column joints in RC frame is improved.
Identification Method Research of the Compressed Beam Elastic Buckling Load
Authors: Du Ling , Li Fan Chun
Published: June 2012

From the basic equations of dynamics, the precise expression of the relationship ,which was between the horizontal natural frequency and pressure load of the simply supported beam and the beam fixed at both ends with vertical pressures, was obtained. The approximate expression of the relationship, which was between the horizontal natural frequency and pressure load of the beam fixed at both ends with vertical pressures, derived from the variational methods. By comparing the precise numerical solution and the approximate solution of the beam fixed at both ends with vertical pressures, the conclusion of approximate linear relationship that was between the square of the natural frequency and axial force of the beam fixed at both ends with vertical pressures was got. Through theoretical and experimental comparing, the difference between the approximate solution and the accurate numerical solution was small, which could meet the requirements of accuracy on engineering. On this basis, as long as the natural frequencies of the structure at two load conditions are measured by experimental methods, elastic buckling load of the compressed beam can be identified.
Investigation into the Elastic-Plastic Ultimate Load-Carrying Capacity of Suspen-Dome
Authors: Li Feng , Niu Jian , Ding Le Ran
Published: June 2012

Structural stability problem is the key problem in design of steel structural. The structural stability behavior of suspended dome is investigated by employing a computation model of the Kiewitt suspend-dome with a span of 92m. ANSYS were used in the investigation. The load-displacement path of the structure is studied by using the Newton-Raphson and arc-length method. The parameters that affect the structural elastic-plastic ultimate load-carrying capacity such as rise to span ratio, height of struts, and prestress of the cables below were analyzed. Some conclusions are drawn that improving the prestress can’t improve the ultimate load-carrying capacity and higher rise to span ratio, heights of struts can improve the ultimate load-carrying capacity.
Appraisal Parameters of Corrosion Damage of Aged Aluminum Alloy Material
Authors: Zhang You Hong , Zhang Qian , Chang Xin Long , Yue Chun Guo , Zhang Shi Ying , Liu Wan Lei
Published: June 2012

The corrosion fatigue character of aluminum alloy material was investigated. The aluminum alloy specimens were pre-corroded in different corrosive solutions and then were tested under fatigue load. The two key parameters of describing corrosion damage, surface corrosion damage ratio and average depth of corrosion damage, were analyzed using experimental observation and finite element method. The preliminary results indicated that the two key parameters could be the appraisal parameters for corrosion damage of aluminum alloy structure.
Temperature Field Calculation of Mass Concrete Anchor
Authors: Wan Hai Tao , Zhao Li Min
Published: June 2012

Gravity anchor is one of essential forced components of steady suspension bridge. The paper takes the example of the finite element numerical simulation of steady suspension bridge gravity anchor, main contents include: First, performance parameters of concrete and hydration heat of cement is collected, the one-fourth block of anchor model is established by large-scale general finite element software ANSYS. The process of establishing finite element analysis model includes the input of the model parameters, the boundary conditions set of finite element model, and the mesh of finite element analysis model. Then, the numerical simulation computation to temperature field of gravity anchor is carried by finite element software ANSYS. Finally, from the temperature field distribution curves, studying the temperature distribution rule of concrete pouring and drawing some conclusions.
Study on Accumulated Ductility Coefficient of Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Columns Based on Experimental Results
Authors: Xu Pei Zhen , Wu Xia , Zhang Na , Zhang Hou Jian , Xing Huan Sen
Published: June 2012

The hysteretic behaviors of concrete filled steel tube columns under low cyclic loads were analyzed for verification the accumulated energy dissipation performance. The accumulated ductility coefficient influencing factors, such as slenderness ratio, axial compression ratio and sectional steel ratio, were analyzed. It is indicated that these columns have a better energy dissipation capacity. The energy dissipation capacity decreases with the axial compression ratio increasing, but the influence of slenderness ratio and steel ratio to accumulated ductility coefficient is not clear, this is because the influence of difference loading system.
Finite Element Investigation on Ultimate Strength of Bolted Connections
Authors: Elleithy Wael , Lim Choon Kiat
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the ultimate behaviour of bolted connections and the effect of various configurations of bolted connections on the ultimate strength are thoroughly investigated. Through finite element modelling, the stress distributions, bolt load distributions, and the effect of bolt sizes and bolt arrangements are studied in detail. The finite element analysis results show that the square shape arrangement of a bolted connection has a higher ultimate strength than that of the diamond shape arrangement. The ultimate strength of bolted connection increases as the bolts size increase until a limitation of improvement in strength is reached.
Deformation Monitoring Data De-Noising Processing Based on Wavelet Packet
Authors: Yang Yan Mei , Wang Ze Gen , Gao Yu Yun , Gao Fa Peng
Published: June 2012

Wavelet packet coefficients carrying real signals have large amplitude but are in minority, while those carrying noise has lower amplitude but is of large number. In this case, the Basic principle of de-noising wavelet packet is to process signals carrying noise. A suitable threshold is chosen in different decomposition level. Wavelet packet coefficient of less than this threshold is set to equal zero, while wavelet packet coefficients of greater than this threshold is reserved and reconstructed into de-noising signals. MSE, SNR, PSNR are regarded as the standards of de-noising evaluation, some mathematical methods such as Shannon entropy, norm entropy, logarithm energy entropy, threshold entropy, Stein Unbiased Risk Estimate entropy are adopted to measure whether the wavelet packet basis is optimal , minimum Entropy function D value is the best base. Selecting threshold and threshold quantitative is the key to wavelet packet de-noising. And selection of threshold value abides standards such as Sqtwolog, Rigrsure, Heursure, Manimaxi, or Birge-massart. Wavelet packet de-noising method has been applied to tunnel vault sink and landslide monitoring data de-noising processing, which manifests itself being a more elaborate, flexible method compared to wavelet de-noising, since wavelet packet de-noising can even subdivided the low-frequency part and the high-frequency part of upper layer, thus entertains a more precise local analysis capabilities.
Experimental Study of Two-Dimensional Elastic Thin Plate Damage Identification Method Based on Modal Curvature
Authors: Xie Dong Hai , Tang Hong Wei , Pan Rui Song
Published: June 2012

Two-dimensional elastic thin plates are widely used in civil engineering structures. The plates deteriorate gradually under service conditions, which influence the safety of engineering structures. How to identify the damage of the plate is one of the hot issues in the civil engineering fields. The relevant theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are stressed, but the physical model experiments are few. There are some problems among the theory, methods and practical engineering applications. A method is presented for determining damage location and degree of civil engineering structures based on model testing of two-dimensional steel plates.
Evaluation of the Bearing Capacity of the Concrete Pier Exposed to the Freeze-Thaw Cycles
Authors: Li Zi Yu
Published: June 2012

This paper has studied the evaluation of bearing capacity of concrete piers exposed to the freeze-thaw cycles. In this paper, based on the mechanism of freeze-thaw process, several factors affecting the freeze resistance of concrete were considered, and a regression model including the interaction of loads and freeze-thaw was established according to experimental data. Besides, a wholly new concept - the effective depth of the freeze-thaw has been introduced into the analyzing, and it also considers of the area of cross section reducing, which results in the stress concentration. It calculates the maximal stress by using the limit state design method, and finally judges its rank of damage.
Test Study on Anti-Sliding Coefficient of Friction-Type High-Strength Bolt Connectors
Authors: Xing Huai Nian , Zhang Xiao Peng , Liu Zeng Li , Jin Li Qiang
Published: June 2012

Friction-type high-strength bolt connectors are widely used in steel structure. However there has only general description for connection plate surface treatment method in the current Chinese design standards. Some research tests have been designed for different connection plate surface treatment method, which include different painting thickness and different blasting method. The results show that different treatment method has different anti-sliding coefficient. The anti-sliding coefficient would decrease with the surface coating thickness increase. The anti-sliding coefficient would less than 0.50 which the Chinese design standard required when some surface treatment methods are used, such as using steel wire section or using mixture of steel wire section and steel shot to sand blasting. So procedure qualification test is necessary to guide processing in order to ensure the quality of the products. It has certain conference value for practical engineering.
A Study on the State Recognition of Frame Structure Based on the Maximum Lyapunov Exponent
Authors: Yang Juan , Zhou Jian Ting , Yang Jian Xi , Chen Yue
Published: June 2012

Based on the analysis of chaotic time sequence and the characterization to the system chaotic property from it’s characteristic index, we established finite element model about ASCE Benchmark. Then we got 4 acceleration time sequence of Benchmark model by simulation of instantaneous excitation. At last, we made a experimental analysis on the maximum Lyapunov exponent. As the result shows, all maximum Lyapunov exponents are above zero. It means that chaotic phenomenon appears in the structure system. At the same time, maximum Lyapunov exponent shows it’s sensitivity along with the evolution of structural condition. That is to say, the statement of structure could be reflected by the chaotic index of chaotic time sequence. Then we get new ideas on the study of safety assessment relied on the structural health monitoring.
The Bearing Capacity Analysis of Wedge Cross-Section Based on Ansys
Authors: Li Zhi Guo , Guo Yu , Bi Yu Jie
Published: June 2012

The lightweight steel portal frame structure has been extensively used in the industry and civil buildings in recent years, because of the rational force bearing, large numbers of tapered members appear in this kind of structure[1]. This part established the finite element model of tapered beam in the range of large-deflection and elastoplasticity by applying the theory of nonlinear finite element and ANSYS. Through the finite element calculation of this rate that wedge i-section beam elastic-plastic stability of the bearing capacity of influence.
A Theoretical Study on Knowledge Discovery Technique for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Li Jian , Deng Jun
Published: June 2012

Based on the similarity between knowledge discovery from data bases (KDD) and Structural health monitoring (SHM), and considered the particularity of SHM problems, a four-step framework of SHM is proposed. The framework extends the final goal of SHM from detecting damages to extracting knowledge to facilitate decision making. The purposes and proper methods of each step of this framework are discussed. To demonstrate the proposed SHM framework, a specific SHM method which is consisted by second order structural parameter identification as feature extraction and statistical control chart analysis of identified stiffness for feature analysis is then presented. Through clarifying the goal and hierarchy of extracting useful knowledge of SHM problems, the framework has potential to facilitate the further development of SHM.
Study on Damage Identification of the Simply Supported Beam Employ the Difference of Deflection Influence Line under Symmetrically Load
Authors: Liu Yunshuai , Wang Xiaoqin , Zhou Feng Xi
Published: June 2012

In order to solve the problem that it need too large number of sensors and data of undamaged structure, the method of damage detection employ difference of deflection influence line under symmetrically load is proposed. theoretical derivation and finite element simulation shows that the curvature of the influence line is less than zero when the moving load is located in the damage region and it is no less than zero when the moving load is located in the other regions. so the damage location and extent can be detected by using this method, furthermore, this detection method is suitable for not only single damage but also multi damage.
Failure Modes for Single-Layer Reticulated Domes under Oblique Impact
Authors: Wang Duo Zhi , Fan Feng , Dai Jun Wu , Zhi Xu Dong , Cao Zhenggang , Du Xiu Li
Published: June 2012

FE models of both the single-layer Kiewitt-8 reticulated domes with a span of 60m and the cylindrical impactor were developed incorporating ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Afterward, fourteen groups impact are simulated by changing the impact position or impacted angle on reticulated dome, and impact velocity and mass of impactor are changed for each group impact. On the basis of large numbers of numerical simulations, characteristics of dynamic response for reticulated dome under impact are shown. And four failure modes (Members slightly damaged, Local collapse of dome, Global collapse of dome, Members shear failed) are presented for single-layer Kiewitt-8 reticulated dome under diverse impact. The distributing of failure modes for the fourteen types impact are different from each other, and the adverse position and angle are summrized.
Experimental Research on Bending Property of GFRP Monopole Communication Tower
Authors: Shen Zhi Rong , Xu Lei
Published: June 2012

Based on the determination of bending displacement-load experiments, the bending elastic modulus of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic commonly used on monopole communication tower is studied first in this paper. The experiments prove that the bending elastic modulus is low and indicate that 1:1 bi-directional glass cloth pavement does not meet the mechanical requirements of monopole tower and is not an economic design. In order to achieve mechanical characteristics of monopole tower, GFRP is adjusted to pavement of 4:1. Cross ply unidirectional glass cloth is used as main reinforced material, and the angle to horizontal direction is 90 degree and 0 degree. The bending elastic modulus of this secondary design is as nearly 10 times as the original design, and the result is proved by theory and experiments.
Time-Delay Analysis for Active Controlled Structure System
Authors: Sheng Yan , Rong Qiang , Pan Ying
Published: June 2012

In this paper, a new stability criterion of time-delay analysis is established for active controlled structure system. Based on an improved upper bound for the inner product of two vectors, the maximal value of time delay can be obtained by using LMI control toolbox of Matlab. According to the new method, the maximal delay varying with parameters of controlled structure system is discussed for SDOF system. The criterion is applicable to the theoretical analysis for the delay-dependent stability of SDOF vibrating system. The longer the delay is the worse the efficiency of control strategy. But the system is still asymptotically stable so long as the time-delay lies in the interval of permitted time delay.
Compressive Strength Reduction of Concrete Subjected to Hydrostatic Compression
Authors: Lu Jing Zhou , Chen Lin , Zhu Xu , Xu Na , Lin Gao
Published: June 2012

An experimental study of the damage behavior of two kinds of concrete with different strength grades has been performed using 100mm cubes subjected to increasing hydrostatic loading history, namely, the isotropic compression at high pressure. The compressive strength and ultrasonic velocity are measured before and after loading history, respectively. The damage degree of these cubes is defined as the reduction of compressive strength based on the continuum damage mechanics theory. Linear and exponential curve fit of experimental data is performed respectively to describe the evolution of damage as well as the descent of ultrasonic velocity with respect to the loading history. It can be seen that, the influence of hydrostatic loading history upon strength and ultrasonic velocity could really reflect that upon the degree of damage development. In general, ultrasonic inspection is convenient and applicable to estimation of damage of concrete due to loading history in engineering practice.
Analysis of Principal Component - Application of SVM Model in Prediction of Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Static Pressure Pipe Pile
Authors: Zhao Jian Bin , Xu Chao , Guo Hui
Published: June 2012

Vertical ultimate bearing capacity of static pressure pipe pile is influenced by comprehensive factors, such as pile body, soil around pile and construction conditions., and the relationship between the impact factors and ultimate bearing capacity of a single pile is highly complexity and non-linear. This paper is based on collecting the data from static load tests in typical geological conditions of Liao-shen area, construction records, and test pile sites. And then combine analysis of principal component with SVM to analysis the prediction of the single pile’s vertical ultimate bearing capacity. This model can reduce the number of SVM input variable dimension to improve speed of training support vector effectively. At the same time it can eliminate the influence factors of multiple correlation. The results show that the proposed principal component analysis SVM model has good predictive accuracy and generalization ability, and opens up new avenue of research for analysis of static pressure pipe pile vertical bearing properties.
Dynamic Responses and Failure Modes of T-Shaped Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Core Columns under the Blast Loads
Authors: Xu Ya Feng , Wang Ao , Bai Shou Yan
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the dynamic response and failure modes on the T-shaped concrete-filled steel tube core columns under blast loads were simulated with the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. According to analysis the lateral displacement of the midpoint of the column and the stress of the concrete, we can obtain the failure of the column. At the same time, we simulated the effects on the column when it was under different blast loads.
Finite Element Modeling for Health Monitoring and Condition Assessment of Large-Span Steel Roof Unloading Process
Authors: Liang Ya Xiong , Wang Xiu Li , Zhong Hai Min
Published: June 2012

The health monitoring and diagnosis of the major engineering structure is increasingly extensive attention from all the community. In particular, for the complex large-span steel roof unloading process, it is important especially. The unloading process will cause the change of structure stiffness include the internal force redistribution. The real-time and on-line monitoring have been applied to Xining stadium of the stress in the process of unloading for the purpose of structural health assessment in the paper, so as to achieve the purpose of the early warning of the problems which may arise in construction process. At the same time, through the comparison of the finite element software ANSYS analogue simulation and the value of the actual, it is obtained for the quality problem of steel structure in the process of unloading.
Crack Width Calculation of Steel Reinforced Concrete Beams Considering the Bond-Slip
Authors: Xiu Li Cao , Shen De Jian , He Pei Ling , Dong Xian Feng , Zhang Hong Fei
Published: June 2012

Bond-slip performance between section steel and concrete has effect on crack width of steel reinforced concrete（SRC）beams based on experimental results. Current standards about SRC structures do not involve bond-slip effects when calculating the crack width of SRC beams, and this is not valid exactly . This article describes a new method of crack width calculation for SRC beams, which considering the bond-slip effects on crack width. Crack width of SRC beams are divided into two parts: one part ignoring the bond-slip between steel and concrete, and the other part considering additional crack width caused by the bond-slip. The total crack width is the sum of the two parts. Results show that the proposed method in this article is coincide with experimental study.
Wind-Induced Dynamic Analysis of the Flat Tensegrity Structures in Time Domain
Authors: Lu Cheng Jiang , Wang Xiao Dong , Lu Shu Nan
Published: June 2012

Wind-induced dynamic analysis for flat tensegrity structure is performed with the nonlinear random simulation method in time domain. And several parameters such as wind velocity, length-windth ratio, rise-span ratio and prestress of cable are considered.
The Assessment Method and Application of Indirect Detection
Authors: Chen Hai Bin , Wang Li , Gao Su Xin , Tong Xiao Jun
Published: June 2012

In indirect detecting, the measure value and the measured value are not the same or there is not a determined relationship between them, the measure physical value has to be surmised according to the measured value from statistics principals. Based on traditional and failure detecting method, the assessment methods of two different test conditions are deduced by the whole presumption method, theoretical formula of the confidence intervals, the method of probability and statistics. Moreover, the standard of qualification or unqualification is presented. The examples of engineering have shown that concrete strength is judged qualification with high probability. This method is used not only in test of building structure, especially in the evaluation of earthquake, but also popularizes to other domains, strength detecting for bridges, the pressure vessel, aircraft wing etc.
Experimental Studies on the Bonding Failure between CFRP and Concrete in RC Two-Way Slabs Strengthened with CFRP Strips
Authors: Sun Wen Bin , Zhao Jing , Jiang Yang
Published: June 2012

It is well known that the bonding failure between concrete and externally bonded CFRP strips sets in where high shear forces and high bending moments occur. Despite this knowledge, experimental and theoretical studies had been exclusively focused on the bonding failure modes at the end of the CFRP-strip. This paper deals with strengthening of RC two-way slabs with CFRP strips bonded to the tensile face. It focuses on the bonding failure by dealing with an experimental study. The CFRP-strips strengthened slab test presents a failure mode with debonding of the external CFRP strips from the slab.
Investigation on Vibration Reduction Effects of a New Vibration Isolation Module for Pier Foundation
Authors: Ma Zhao Xia , Xie Wei Ping , Yan Guang Cai
Published: June 2012

This paper presents a new vibration isolation module which is set somewhere out of pier footings of footbridges. The isolation vibration effect of the vibration isolation module was analysed by means of experiment and FEM analysis. The attenuation decibels of the vibration strength were measured and researched under various working conditions. Making use of the finite element program, the new vibration isolation module was simulated and calculated. That the calculated results were in good agreement with the measured ones indicated the reliability of the numerical model. The simulation and measured results suggest that vibration reduction effects are satisfactory. The results can provide reference for vibration attenuation and vibration isolation of footbridges.
Elastoplastic Analysis of Structure Composed of Columns Based on the Basic Equation System
Authors: Li You
Published: June 2012

Textbooks of plasticity mechanics have given example for elastoplastic analysis of structure composed of columns, but the given example is solved with the method of material mechanics. There is actually some difficulty to solve the structure composed of columns with the basic equation system of the classical plasticity mechanics. The new equation system of plasticity mechanics based on e-p curve has advantage over the classical one. In this paper, the solution will be really obtained with the basic equation system of plasticity mechanics based on e-p curve, which is not only a job to solve a simple problem with the basic equation system, but also a demonstration to show that the new equation system of plasticity mechanic based on e-p curve is correct and practicable.
Experimental Study on the Shear Properties of Concrete Column Repaired by CFRP
Authors: Cui Xi Guang , Wang Zhi Wei , Ma Nan , Yu Zhong Long
Published: June 2012

In this paper, shear study was carried out on four reinforced concrete columns in which two columns were reinforced by CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics). The three main factors: shear span ratio, ratio of longitudinal reinforcement, CFRP paste quantity (layer numbers) were analysied since they affect the reinforced effect of CFRP. Through the experiment and simulation, the results indicate that the shear strength of CFRP strengthened concrete columns is obvious, which shows good agreement with experimental and simulation data.
Laboratory Tests on the Improvement of Strength of Silt Using Microbes
Authors: Xu Zhao Yang , Wan Shao Jin , Ma Yao Ren
Published: June 2012

Microbe technology is introduced for improving silt The metabolic outcomes and precipitation of microbes can glue the soil granule,plug mineral lattice crystal,simultaneously strengthen their shear resistance.Characteristics of silt before and after modification are compared by CU triaxial compression test. By Scanning Electron Microscope(ESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray(EDX),the modification mechanism of silt has been investigated.The results show that the values φ of silt is increased larger modified by carbonate mineralization microbes, while the value of cohesion increases larger by polysaccharides viscose microbes.
The Filler Application of Light Weight Aggregate Concrete in Double-Curved Arch Bridge Reinforcement
Authors: Zhang Yun , Li Bei
Published: June 2012

The basic principle of arch bridge design is high level concord of 5 points between arch axial line and the pressure line. Taking lightweight aggregate concrete as arch crown filler, the casting area is divided into arch spandrel area and arch crown area. Through adjusting filler weight density, the arch axial line and pressure line can be adjusted to decrease the difference between them. The force condition of main arch bridge gets improved. The method can reinforce double-curved arch bridge together with increasing section method. It is seen that the property of arch ring masonry material got a full play. Bridge durability and comfort degree improved significantly.
Effective Parameters on Strength of Fibre Reinforced Soil
Authors: Chegenizadeh Amin , Nikraz Hamid
Published: June 2012

soils and their related behavior has always been the subject of many studies. Recent researches show some interests in investigation of inclusion of randomly distributed fiber in soil. Reinforcing subgarde in pavement systems has always been an issue. This study focuses on effect of fiber inclusion on the strength of subgrade material. Natural fiber and plastic fibre were used for this investigation. Fiber contents and length have been changed during these tests. The fiber percentage varied from 0 % (for unreinforced samples) to 2% and fiber length varied from 10mm to 30mm. UCS tests and compaction tests were carried out to investigate behavior of the composite under different condition. The fiber length and fiber content found to play important rule on the strength of fiber reinforced composite. Furthermore it was observed that ductility of sample increased by fiber inclusion.
Research on Shearing Performance of RC Beams Strengthened with Steel Wire-Polymer Mortar
Authors: Zhao Chi Yun , Huang Shi Min , Yao Qiu Lai , Chen Ya Jing
Published: June 2012

This paper presents the results of the experimental investigation on the shearing performance of beams strengthened with steel wire-polymer mortar. The numerical results by finite element method are compared with experimental results. A total of three rectangular doubly RC beams were constructed, strengthened and tested to failure. A new convenient method to measure elongation of steel wire was proposed. Two models, named separated model and composite model respectively in software ANSYS, are used to analyze the beams. In separated model, strains of longitudinal steel bars and stirrups are in good agreement with the test results, and strains of longitudinal steel bars by composite model are also in good agreement with the test results, while stirrups strains are not, but both of steel wire deformations obtained by ANSYS analysis models are slightly different with tests results. Strengthened beams increased ultimate capacity, delayed the crack occurs and crack development. More closer and disorder cracks distribute in the strengthened beams than the unstrengthened beam. Cracks in beams by ANSYS analysis models, comparing with test results, are not very obvious.
Experimental Research Treatment Measures of Joint on Paper Cellular Wallboard
Authors: Miao Xinle , Yao Yong , Chu Yun Peng , Deng Yong Jun , Han Quan De
Published: June 2012

Abstract: the paper introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the honeycomb core composite wallboard, and put forward various solutions on the problems that the honeycomb core composite wallboard on juncture place easily crack. According to the advantages and disadvantages, the optimal measures are to use CFRP paste connection joints. Tested by experiments, the results show that: for using cellular wall materials as new buildings retaining wall materials, CFRP enhancement processing juncture surface can effectively restrain cracks, and the results are ideal; for existing buildings retaining wall, gives suggestions about enhancement processing, and proves its feasibility.
Strain-Based Fatigue Analysis of RC Beams Strengthened with FRP Laminates
Authors: Huang Li Hua , Li Yu Jing , Li Tian Qing , Wang Qing Xiang
Published: June 2012

The method of strain-based fatigue analysis is applied on the study of fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates in this paper. Based on the investigation of fatigue performance of RC beams strengthened with FRP laminates presented in the published literatures, the values of stress concentration factors and the coefficients in Neuber’s rule are suggested. The exponent of fatigue strength in Manson-Coffin formula is discussed so as to having a general stain-life curve which is suitable for the fatigue behavior prediction of RC beam strengthened with FRP laminates. The S-N curves of different stress ratios can be developed and the fatigue lives of the strengthened beams are pointed out.
Bond of Corroded Reinforcement in Concrete Wrapped with CFRP
Authors: Dai Xiao Dong , Kou Xinjian , Cai Ningsheng
Published: June 2012

Bond of corroded reinforcement in concrete wrapped with CFRP was investigated experimentally. An electrolyte corrosion technique was used to accelerate reinforcement corrosion. Wrapped specimens were strengthened with one layer of CFRP. The experimental parameters were investigated include: corrosion level and the mode of CFRP wrapped. The results of the experiment indicate that: ultimate bond stress of wrapped specimens is greater than that of unwrapped specimens. The CFRP confinement proved more effectively at the higher corrosion rate. These results are helpful to evaluate the strength and residual life of CFRP strengthened the reinforced concrete structures.
FEM Analysis on the Fatigue Properties of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with CFRP
Authors: Wang Yu , Shen Yan Ni , Ma Jun
Published: June 2012

Finite element analysis model of reinforced concrete beam with CFRP by ANSYS were built in this paper. Through finite element method analysis of comparing the concrete beam with and without CFRP , some conclusions are given in the paper; the Fatigue Mechanism was studied , and obtained the raise the level of fatigue life of reinforced concrete beam with CFRP .The result shows CFRP can increase greatly its fatigue life and improve effectually the ductility of the structure.