bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Micro-Chemical and Spectroscopic Study of Component Materials in 18th and 19th Century Sacred Books
Authors: Kostadinovska Maja , Grupče Orhideja , Jakovleska Spirovska Zorica , Minčeva-Šukarova Biljana
Published: August 2017

The Cyrillic books Menology for May (1705), The Bible (1822) and Mirror (1816) were consigned for conservation to the Conservation Laboratory at the National Library in Skopje. The first two books were printed in Moscow, while the third book was issued in Vienna, although it originates from the territory of the former Ottoman Empire, present-day Republic of Macedonia. In order to design a conservation protocol, papers and inks used in the books were characterized and their condition was assessed. Micro-chemical tests were used in order to identify the type of paper fibres and materials added to the paper pulp. FTIR was applied to confirm the findings for the sizing and fillers found in the paper support. Inorganic pigments were analysed by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The original paper in the Russian books was made of rags with less than 5 % lignin content present, whereas the paper in Mirror was made of raw and unbleached hardwood. Distinct types of sizing have been identified: gelatine/alum in Menology for May and Mirror and gelatine/rosin in The Bible. The pigments identified are lamp black, vermilion, Prussian blue and calcite. The study elucidates which internal and external factors could cause further decay of the books and will help in making informed decisions concerning the further preservation of the objects.
Metaheuristic and Machine Learning Models for TFE-731-2, PW4056, and JT8D-9 Cruise Thrust
Authors: Baklacioglu Tolga
Published: August 2017

The requirement for an accurate engine thrust model has a major antecedence in airline fuel saving programs, assessment of environmental effects of fuel consumption, emissions reduction studies, and air traffic management applications. In this study, utilizing engine manufacturers’ real data, a metaheuristic model based on genetic algorithms (GAs) and a machine learning model based on neural networks (NNs) trained with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), delta-bar-delta (DBD), and conjugate gradient (CG) algorithms were accomplished to incorporate the effect of both flight altitude and Mach number in the estimation of thrust. For the GA model, the analysis of population size impact on the model’s accuracy and effect of number of data on model coefficients were also performed. For the NN model, design of optimum topology was searched for one- and two-hidden-layer networks. Predicted thrust values presented a close agreement with real thrust data for both models, among which LM trained NNs gave the best accuracies.
The cardiac microenvironment uses non‐canonical WNT signaling to activate monocytes after myocardial infarction
Authors: Meyer Ingmar Sören , Jungmann Andreas , Dieterich Christoph , Zhang Min , Lasitschka Felix , Werkmeister Susann , Haas Jan , Müller Oliver J , Boutros Michael , Nahrendorf Matthias , Katus Hugo A , Hardt Stefan E , Leuschner Florian
Published: August 2017

A disturbed inflammatory response following myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with poor prognosis and increased tissue damage. Monocytes are key players in healing after MI, but little is known about the role of the cardiac niche in monocyte activation. This study investigated microenvironment‐dependent changes in inflammatory monocytes after MI. RNA sequencing analysis of murine Ly6Chigh monocytes on day 3 after MI revealed differential regulation depending on location. Notably, the local environment strongly impacted components of the WNT signaling cascade. Analysis of WNT modulators revealed a strong upregulation of WNT Inhibitory Factor 1 (WIF1) in cardiomyocytes—but not fibroblasts or endothelial cells—upon hypoxia. Compared to wild‐type (WT) littermates, WIF1 knockout mice showed severe adverse remodeling marked by increased scar size and reduced ejection fraction 4 weeks after MI. While FACS analysis on day 1 after MI revealed no differences in neutrophil numbers, the hearts of WIF1 knockouts contained significantly more inflammatory monocytes than hearts from WT animals. Next, we induced AAV‐mediated cardiomyocyte‐specific WIF1 overexpression, which attenuated the monocyte response and improved cardiac function after MI, as compared to control‐AAV‐treated animals. Finally, WIF1 overexpression in isolated cardiomyocytes limited the activation of non‐canonical WNT signaling and led to reduced IL‐1β and IL‐6 expression in monocytes/macrophages. Taken together, we investigated the cardiac microenvironment's interaction with recruited monocytes after MI and identified a novel mechanism of monocyte activation. The local initiation of non‐canonical WNT signaling shifts the accumulating myeloid cells toward a pro‐inflammatory state and impacts healing after myocardial infarction.
A Mixed Model Approach to Genome-Wide Association Studies for Selection Signatures, with Application to Mice Bred for Voluntary Exercise Behavior
Authors: Xu Shizhong , Garland Theodore
Published: August 2017

Selection experiments and experimental evolution provide unique opportunities to study the genetics of adaptation because the target and intensity of selection are known relatively precisely. In contrast to natural selection, where populations are never strictly “replicated,” experimental evolution routinely includes replicate lines so that selection signatures—genomic regions showing excessive differentiation between treatments—can be separated from possible founder effects, genetic drift, and multiple adaptive solutions. We developed a mouse model with four lines within a high running (HR) selection treatment and four nonselected controls (C). At generation 61, we sampled 10 mice of each line and used the Mega Mouse Universal Genotyping Array to obtain single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for 25,318 SNPs for each individual. Using an advanced mixed model procedure developed in this study, we identified 152 markers that were significantly different in frequency between the two selection treatments. They occurred on all chromosomes except 1, 2, 8, 13, and 19, and showed a variety of patterns in terms of fixation (or the lack thereof) in the four HR and four C lines. Importantly, none were fixed for alternative alleles between the two selection treatments. The current state-of-the-art regularized F test applied after pooling DNA samples for each line failed to detect any markers. We conclude that when SNP or sequence data are available from individuals, the mixed model methodology is recommended for selection signature detection. As sequencing at the individual level becomes increasingly feasible, the new methodology may be routinely applied for detection of selection.
Ball convergence theorem for a Steffensen-type third-order method
Authors: Argyros Ioannis K. , George Santhosh
Published: August 2017

We present a local convergence analysis for a family of Steffensen-type third-order methods in order to approximate a solution of a nonlinear equation. We use hypothesis up to the first derivative in contrast to earlier studies such as [2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28] using hypotheses up to the fourth derivative. This way the applicability of these methods is extended under weaker hypothesis. Moreover the radius of convergence and computable error bounds on the distances involved are also given in this study. Numerical examples are also presented in this study.
Psicoeducación en el síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)
Authors: Escobar-Córdoba Franklin , Echeverry-Chabur Jorge
Published: August 2017

La psicoeducación es una alternativa complementaria a los tratamientos usuales para el paciente con apnea del sueño que permite que quien la padece aprenda a conocer su enfermedad. Se practica en el campo de la salud mental y posibilita que los pacientes afectados identifiquen su entidad nosológica y cooperen de forma participativa y activa en el tratamiento instaurado.Para tratar a los pacientes con apnea del sueño, es importante que ellos conozcan las características de la enfermedad y el tratamiento, pues esto les permite desarrollar conciencia de la enfermedad, con la que pueden alcanzar una mayor adherencia a los tratamientos. Existen varios tipos de terapia: la terapia individual, que se caracteriza por ser una ayuda que brinda el profesional de la salud mental al paciente; la terapia de pareja y la terapia familiar, que ofrecen ayuda psicológica para el manejo de la apnea del sueño y sus efectos secundarios, y la terapia de grupo, para educar en torno a la entidad y su tratamiento mediante el intercambio de experiencias positivas frente al grupo. A su vez, está la intervención de campo en el trabajo y las técnicas de desensibilización progresiva y relajación para mejorar la adherencia al uso de la terapia de presión positiva en la vía aérea (PAP).
Epidemiología mundial, latinoamericana y colombiana y mortalidad del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)
Authors: Hidalgo-Martínez Patricia , Lobelo Rafael
Published: August 2017

El síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) es un trastorno frecuente asociado con secuelas cardiovasculares y neuropsicológicas severas que repercuten en altos costos socioeconómicos para la población.Con anterioridad se estimaba una prevalencia aproximada del 3% al 7% en hombres y del 2% al 5% en mujeres (40-60 años para ambos sexos); sin embargo, en las últimas dos décadas aumentó a 10% en hombres de 30 a 49 años, a 17% en hombres de 50 a 70, a 3% en mujeres de 30 a 49 y a 9% en mujeres de 50 a 70.Se calcula que el 20% de adultos de edad media tiene al menos SAHOS leve y el 80% de los casos permanecen sin diagnosticar, de allí la importancia de sospechar el diagnóstico de la enfermedad.En Colombia se realizó un estudio con la metodología ómnibus que mostró que la prevalencia global de alto riesgo de apnea del sueño, según el Cuestionario Berlín, fue del 19% en tres ciudades —Bogotá D.C., Bucaramanga y Santa Marta— (IC95%: 17.3; 20.8%). Con la escala STOP-Bang, la prevalencia global de alto riesgo de SAHOS fue de 26.9% (IC95%: 24.9; 29%).
Tratamiento quirúrgico por otorrinolaringología en el síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)
Authors: Vallejo-Balen Andrés , Zabala-Parra Sandra Irene , Amado Steve
Published: August 2017

El síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) se caracteriza por la obstrucción parcial o el colapso total de la vía aérea superior, de manera intermitente y repetitiva, por lo que, en un principio, se vio el manejo quirúrgico como una alternativa curativa para esta patología. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se reconoce que la cirugía, aun sin lograr tasas de efectividad muy altas de manera consistente, sí mejora la tolerancia y adaptación a la terapia de presión positiva, la cual sigue siendo la primera línea de manejo.Así, el primer paso antes de pensar en cualquier procedimiento quirúrgico es un adecuado diagnóstico topográfico, de modo que siempre se debe realizar una nasofibrolaringoscopia para identificar el o los sitios de obstrucción. Además, se sabe que el 75% de los pacientes presentan obstrucciones en múltiples niveles y que, cuando el abordaje se hace multinivel, se logra corregir el SAHOS hasta en un 95%. Entre los procedimientos vigentes se encuentran cirugías de nariz, paladar blando, amígdalas, base de lengua, estimulación del nervio hipogloso y procedimientos del esqueleto facial, así como procedimientos coadyuvantes, entre los que están radiofrecuencia e implantes de paladar.
Cuadro clínico del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)
Authors: Páez-Moya Sylvia , Parejo-Gallardo Karem Josefina
Published: August 2017

El pilar para el diagnóstico del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) es el cuadro clínico obtenido mediante una historia clínica detallada. Los síntomas son referidos por el paciente o su compañero de cama y se pueden dar durante el sueño o la vigilia; estos últimos se presentan como consecuencia del trastorno del sueño. Los síntomas son consecuencia de la obstrucción de la vía aérea superior, de la hipoxia intermitente o de la fragmentación repetida del sueño.Para el diagnóstico de SAHOS, se deben tener en cuenta los factores agravantes, las comorbilidades, los antecedentes familiares, el examen físico, la obtención de medidas antropométricas, los signos vitales y los hallazgos anatómicos estructurales asociados con este síndrome o con alteraciones congénitas que lo predispongan. Tener conocimiento de estos aspectos clínicos es fundamental para alcanzar una buena aproximación a su diagnóstico.
Primer consenso colombiano del síndrome de apnea hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)
Authors: Londoño-Palacio Natalia
Published: August 2017

El Grupo de Investigación Transdisciplinario en Trastornos del Sueño (GITTS), conformado en 2011 por representantes de diferentes asociaciones científicas de Colombia, tomó la iniciativa de escribir el Primer Consenso Colombiano de Síndrome de Apnea-Hipopnea Obstructiva del Sueño (SAHOS) en adultos con el fin de dar claridad conceptual al tema y con base en la revisión sistemática de la evidencia científica mundial. Esto, luego de publicar la “Guía para la certificación de servicios diagnósticos de trastornos del sueño en Colombia (incluye estándares para servicios pediátricos)” (1).Se conformó un grupo de la más elevada calidad científica entre autores principales (miembros de GITTS) e invitados nacionales y extranjeros. Hasta la fecha, se considera que este es el primer documento colombiano que reúne el concepto de multidisciplinariedad en una enfermedad sistémica como el SAHOS.
The Prisoners' Rights Protection in Indonesia Law System of Justice
Authors: Haidan Haidan , Santoso Edi
Published: August 2017

The aim of the paper is to examine the provision of the prisoner’s rights protection in Indonesia law system of justice and its relation to the exemption conditional (EC) in correctional institution. As an important issue, here is if the defendant override rules associated with the controversial issue in society, they will both at national and international level, such as human rights issues. The case was appeared recently, especially in the connection with the cases of exemption conditional, i.e. Pollycarpus Budihari Priyanto’s case. The case has become the center of public attention, especially after release of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, who has been freeing the prisoners that related to the homicides Human Rights Activists (HRA) i.e Munir Said Thalib. In the community, this decision raises the pro and contra. This paper concludes that all persons deprived of their liberty will be treated with humanity and guaranteed them with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person to be in accordance with the existing rules. In this case, the government of Indonesia has given the rights of prisoners through the stages of development of the inmates according to the stage of the penal process that refers to laws and regulations and implementation of technical regulations. The paper also recommends that the need for the government to deliver data either traditionally or electronically linked plan of exemption conditional.
Product Innovation of Islamic Financial Institutions
Authors: Samsudin Agus Rojak
Published: August 2017

This article was composed from the fact that the presence of Sharia Financial Institutions (SFC) cannot be separated from the existence of Conventional Financial Institutions. Islamic Bank appeared in the midst of the conventional banking development. It certainly gives the impression product of Islamic Bank is seen as the imitation of conventional banking products. The historical analysis shows that the substantive function of banking operations has been practiced since the early days of Islam. Even the profit and lost sharing principle has been applied from transactions Islamic business transactions (Mu'amalah) in the ancient Arab, which has been explored in the modern era and also legitimized by the Fatwa of DSN MUI (National Sharia Council of Indonesian Ulama Council (NSC-ICU). This institution is often reinterpreting the concept of Islamic business, including the innovation of Islamic Banking products that are derived from the Quran, the Sunna, and Islamic Jurisprudence (al-Ijtihad).
Nutritional and Albumin Content of Swamp Fishes from Merauke, Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Susilowati Rini , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Chasanah Ekowati
Published: August 2017

Study on chemical content of swamp fishes from Merauke has been conducted to obtain nutritional status  of these fishes. Sampling was conducted  twice (August and November 2015) in Merauke. There were six dominant fish species, namely striped snakehead (Channa striata), nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), tade gray mullet (Liza tade), philippine catfish (Clarias batrachus), barramundi (Lates calcarifer), and climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). Result on proximate analysis showed that the fishes had moisture content of 75.73±0.25%-81.45±0.04%, ash 0.94±0.01%-1.26±0.21%, protein 17.11±0.09%-18.92±0.05%, and lipid 0.59±0.19%-3.80±0.63%. The dominant essential amino acid of 6 swamp fishes from Merauke was lysine followed by leucine. Meanwhile the dominant non-essential amino acid was glutamic acid (32.26+0.61 mg/g), followed by aspartic acid. Calcium (Ca) was the dominant macro mineral for all fishes studied, being the highest was in nile tilapia (328.76±8.14 mg/100 g). Micro mineral was dominated by the presence of Selenium (Se) which the highest was in nile tilapia (0.084±0.005 mg/100g). These fishes were also rich in albumin, being the highest was stripe snakehead (138.59±1.68 mg/g). The average of total fatty acid showed that the fishes had saturated fatty acid (SFA) content of 46.30±0.27%, monosaturated fatty acid (MUFA) 9.20±1.6%  and polyunsaturate fatty acid (PUFA) 34.49±0.44% of total fatty acid. From the result, it can be concluded that fish harvested from swamp of Merauke and surrounding area had a good nutritional value.
Deconstructing the Process of Applying for Away Rotations in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Tompson Jeffrey D. , Qureshi Rabia , Mulcahey Mary K.
Published: August 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background: Orthopaedic surgery is among the most competitive specialties available to medical students in the Match and away rotations have proven essential for improving the chance of matching. Many programs utilize the centralized Visiting Student Application Service (VSAS) to accept applications; however, participation is variable and programs may have additional requirements outside of the VSAS application. Methods: All ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education) orthopaedic surgery residency programs accepting applications for away rotations in 2016 (n=158) were identified using the Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) of the American Medical Association (AMA). Application requirements were recorded for all programs as found within the VSAS application portal and program maintained websites. Programs affiliated with the military were excluded (n=8). Results: Of the 150 programs, 124 (83%) accepted applications using VSAS. Programs that participate in VSAS require the main components pre-listed within the application more consistently than non-VSAS schools: photo (VSAS: 95%, non-VSAS: 35%, p<0.001), CV (VSAS: 86%, non-VSAS: 38%, p<0.001), transcript (VSAS: 93%, non-VSAS: 38%, p<0.001), and immunization form (VSAS: 93%, non-VSAS: 81%, p=0.056). Additionally, non-VSAS programs require USMLE score reports (31%), supplemental applications (46%), and a Letter of Good Standing (23%) more often than VSAS participants (USMLE: 6%, separate application: 2%, Letter of Good Standing: 3%). Conclusion: While most orthopaedic residency programs utilize the centralized VSAS to arrange for visiting medical students, there is considerable variability among application requirements for each elective clerkship. As an orthopaedic community, we should work towards streamlining the process by encouraging 100% participation in VSAS, expanding standard requirements, and eliminating extraneous supporting documents.
Assessment Analysis: How It Is Done
Authors: Puthiaparampil Thomas
Published: August 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. This article elaborates assessment analysis, a topic recently introduced in another article published in January 2017 by the same author in AMEE MedEdPublish. The formulae used to generate difficulty index and discrimination index of examiner-scored assessments as well as whole papers like MCQ are described in simple terms. The formulae used for assessment analysis are aligned to those established decades ago for item analysis. A step-by-step guideline is included to enable those interested to practice assessment analysis. The formulae, an Excel worksheet showing index calculations and the interpretation of index values are also included.
Self-repairing properties of OPC clinker/natural zeolite blend in water and alkali carbonate environments at 270°C
Authors: Pyatina Tatiana , Sugama Toshifumi , Ronne Arthur , Trabits George
Published: August 2017

The 10 d recoveries of the mechanical properties and crack sealing of an ordinary Portland cement (OPC) clinker/natural zeolite (ferrierite (Fer)) blend modified or unmodified with silica were tested at 270°C in water and alkali carbonate environments. The recoveries of the samples depended on their modification with silica and the curing environment, but were more than 100% after repeated damage under some test conditions. The mechanical properties and phase compositions of recovered samples were evaluated by compressive strength measurements and x-ray diffraction, differential thermogravimetric analyses, Fourier transform infrared analyses and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The sealing of 0·25 mm wide and ∼2 mm deep cracks was visualised with a three-dimensional optical microscope. Fer decomposed under high-temperature alkaline conditions with the release of hydrolysates that, along with the hydrating clinker, participated in the formation of new phases contributing to strength recoveries. These phases included crystalline magnesium and aluminium-containing silicates, calcium and carbonated calcium silicates and amorphous hydrates. Crack sealing was complete for the silica-modified samples and partial for unmodified ones cured in carbonate environments. The sealing was very poor for samples cured in water. The main sealing phases included crystalline and amorphous silica, high-temperature-stable zeolites and talc mineral.
Improvement of the surface quality and aesthetics of ultra-high-performance concrete
Authors: Chen Yang , Matalkah Faris , Rankothge Weerirsiri , Balachandra Anagi , Soroushian Parviz
Published: August 2017

The low moisture content of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) combined with its minimal bleeding leads to quick drying of its exposed surfaces by way of moisture evaporation and self-desiccation. The result is the formation of a rough texture and occasional cracks on the exposed surfaces of UHPC within hours after its placement and finishing. This phenomenon is referred to as ‘elephant skin’ formation. Different strategies were devised and experimentally evaluated for the control of elephant skin formation on exposed UHPC surfaces. These strategies emphasised reduction of the moisture loss from the surface, enhancement of early-age dimensional stability and increase in plastic shrinkage crack resistance. The potential for elephant skin formation was assessed through monitoring of the surface aesthetics, crack area, penetration resistance and temperature under exposure to air flow and radiation. The results indicated that measures that effectively reduce moisture loss from the surface are most effective in controlling elephant skin formation on the exposed surfaces of UHPC.
Characterization and Correction of Olfactory Deficits in Kidney Disease
Authors: Nigwekar Sagar U. , Weiser Jeremy M. , Kalim Sahir , Xu Dihua , Wibecan Joshua L. , Dougherty Sarah M. , Mercier-Lafond Laurence , Corapi Kristin M. , Eneanya Nwamaka D. , Holbrook Eric H. , Brown Dennis , Thadhani Ravi I. , Păunescu Teodor G.
Published: August 2017

Patients with CKD suffer from food aversion, anorexia, and malnutrition. Although olfaction has a significant role in determining food flavor, our understanding of olfactory impairment and of the olfaction-nutrition axis in patients with kidney disease is limited. We quantified odor identification, odor threshold, and subjective odor perception in a cohort (n=161) comprising 36 participants with CKD, 100 participants with ESRD, and 25 controls. We investigated olfaction-nutrition associations in these participants and examined a novel intervention to improve olfaction in ESRD. The mean odor identification score was lower in patients with CKD (75.6%±13.1%; P=0.02) and ESRD (66.8%±15.1%; P<0.001) than in controls (83.6%±11.4%). Patients with ESRD exhibited higher odor threshold than the remaining participants exhibited. All groups had similar scores for subjective smell assessment. In multivariable adjusted analyses, kidney disease associated with increased odds of odor identification deficits (odds ratio, 4.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.94 to 11.89). A reduction in odor identification score was associated with higher subjective global assessment score and lower serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and albumin concentrations. We found no associations between odor threshold and nutritional parameters. In a proof of concept, 6-week, open-label clinical trial, intranasal theophylline (an epithelial membrane transport and proton secretion activator) increased odor identification score in five out of seven (71%) patients with ESRD. In conclusion, patients with kidney disease have olfactory deficits that may influence their nutritional status. Our preliminary results regarding olfactory improvement using intranasal theophylline warrant confirmation in a randomized controlled trial.
C-Terminal Fibroblast Growth Factor 23, Iron Deficiency, and Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Eisenga Michele F. , van Londen Marco , Leaf David E. , Nolte Ilja M. , Navis Gerjan , Bakker Stephan J.L. , de Borst Martin H. , Gaillard Carlo A.J.M.
Published: August 2017

Iron deficiency (ID) is independently associated with an increased risk of death in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). ID promotes production and cleavage of intact fibroblast growth factor 23 (iFGF23) into C-terminal fibroblast growth factor 23 (cFGF23), elevated levels of which are also prospectively associated with adverse outcomes. We hypothesized that in RTRs, the relationship between ID and mortality is mediated by FGF23. We measured plasma iFGF23 and cFGF23 levels in 700 stable RTRs at a median of 5.4 years after transplant. RTRs with ID had median (interquartile range) cFGF23 concentrations higher than those of RTRs without ID (223 [131–361] versus 124 [88–180] RU/ml; P<0.001), whereas iFGF23 concentrations were similar between groups. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses, ID associated with increased mortality (81 events; hazard ratio, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 3.10; P<0.01). However, this association lost significance after additional adjustment for cFGF23 levels (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 2.51; P=0.15). In further mediation analysis, cFGF23 explained 46% of the association between ID and mortality, whereas iFGF23 did not mediate this association. In conclusion, we found that cFGF23 levels are increased in iron-deficient RTRs and that the underlying biologic process driving production and cleavage of iFGF23, or alternatively the increased level of cFGF23 fragments, probably is an important mediator of the association between ID and mortality. Our results underline the strong relationship between iron and FGF23 physiology, and provide a potential mechanism explaining the relationship between ID and adverse outcome in RTRs.
Sexual Dimorphic Pattern of Renal Transporters and Electrolyte Homeostasis
Authors: Veiras Luciana C. , Girardi Adriana C.C. , Curry Joshua , Pei Lei , Ralph Donna L. , Tran An , Castelo-Branco Regiane C. , Pastor-Soler Nuria , Arranz Cristina T. , Yu Alan S.L. , McDonough Alicia A.
Published: August 2017

Compared with males, females have lower BP before age 60, blunted hypertensive response to angiotensin II, and a leftward shift in pressure natriuresis. This study tested the concept that this female advantage associates with a distinct sexual dimorphic pattern of transporters along the nephron. We applied quantitative immunoblotting to generate profiles of transporters, channels, claudins, and selected regulators in both sexes and assessed the physiologic consequences of the differences. In rats, females excreted a saline load more rapidly than males did. Compared with the proximal tubule of males, the proximal tubule of females had greater phosphorylation of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3), distribution of NHE3 at the base of the microvilli, and less abundant expression of Na+/Pi cotransporter 2, claudin-2, and aquaporin 1. These changes associated with less bicarbonate reabsorption and higher lithium clearance in females. The distal nephrons of females had a higher abundance of total and phosphorylated Na+/Cl− cotransporter (NCC), claudin-7, and cleaved forms of epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) α and γ subunits, which associated with a lower baseline plasma K+ concentration. A K+-rich meal increased the urinary K+ concentration and decreased the level of renal phosphorylated NCC in females. Notably, we observed similar abundance profiles in female versus male C57BL/6 mice. These results define sexual dimorphic phenotypes along the nephron and suggest that lower proximal reabsorption in female rats expedites excretion of a saline load and enhances NCC and ENaC abundance and activation, which may facilitate K+ secretion and set plasma K+ at a lower level.
Nepotismo del gobierno gutierrista: aires de familia en el poder
Authors: Ponce Javier
Published: August 2017

Nepotismo del gobierno gutierrista: aires de familia en el poder
¡Vamos a lo central! Una propuesta pastoral
Authors: Henriques Alberto
Published: August 2017

¡Vamos a lo central!
Una propuesta pastoral
The Effect of Using Crushed Boulder Aggregate on HMA Performance
Authors: Jassim Faris
Published: August 2017

Shear strength of the asphalt mixture (Marshall Stability) decreases as the percentage of rounded particles increases, which makes the mixture more susceptible to Permanent Deformation. According to SORB[1] specifications revised 2004 (R9), for prepare bitumen base layer for Hawler- Perda Highway project (new direction), the max. nominal size, (25.4 mm) of aggregate at three different crushed boulders levels: 0% (all was rounded), 50%, and 100% (more than one fracture face), added to Two different asphalt penetration grade types (40-50), and (60-70) were used to prepare the specimens. Specimens were prepared a total of 108 specimens for performance evaluation tests. It has been shown that Crushed boulders mixtures have marshall stiffness value more than 250% (100% crushing), increase VMA (voids in mineral aggregate) more than 130%, and to increase the resistance of moisture damage 135% in comparison with rounded mixtures respectively.
On centers for Generalized Abel Differential Equation
Authors: Amen Azad
Published: August 2017

A new condition is given for generalized Abel differential equation to have a center. We apply the results to some polynomial differential systems in the plane to find necessary and sufficient center conditions.
Child-parent relationship and the practice of education in the family: cross-cultural aspect
Authors: Karabanova O.A.
Published: August 2017

The article examines the cross-cultural characteristics of the practices of upbringing and child-parent relations within the concept of "cultural niche" of child development (Super and Harkness) and the differentiation of two types of cultures - individualistic and collectivistic (Triandis, Hofstede), differing in values, goals and methods of education. The relativity of their opposition is shown in relation to the problem of child-parent relations and the upbringing of the child. Universal characteristics of child-parent relations (acceptance/rejection) are singled out. The role of the personal characteristics of the parent and the character of the social environment as a determinant, mediating the practices of upbringing and socialization are discussed.
Homeschooling in Russia and abroad
Authors: Polivanova K.N. , Lyubitskaya K.A.
Published: August 2017

The article presents a relatively new practice of home education for Russia. A survey of numerous studies shows that the transition to homeschooling is characteristic of families with a high value of family cohesion, for those who want to protect their children from the dubious influence of their peers, and for those who have a special idea of religious education. The most widespread home education ("homeschooling") has in the USA (up to 8% of schoolchildren), is allowed and is actively growing in many countries of Europe. The psychological aspect of the problem of home education is linked in the presented review mainly with the theme of family cohesion, although a number of researchers believe that homeschooling itself is only an additional and not the main factor of cohesion. According to the empirical study, Russian homeschoolers are faced with a large number of organizational problems in the transition to home education and with a lack of pedagogical competence of parents and a shortage of special methods of individual education, since only 16% have pedagogical education. The main psychological problems in choosing a homeschooling include a misunderstanding from the inner circle, and in the implementation - the difficulty in determining the parent role. If in traditional school education the parent is a welcoming and loving parent, then at home education the parent becomes demanding and controlling. Homeschooling provokes the creation of various kinds of associations and groups of mutual supports of parents, which indicates the ambiguity and difficulties in implementing this form of education for children.
ELOGIO HISTÓRICO DO ACADÉMICO EMÉRITO ILÍDIO MELO PERES DO AMARAL, FEITO PELO SENHOR JORGE MANUEL BARBOSA GASPAR
Authors: Gaspar Jorge
Published: August 2017

ELOGIO HISTÓRICO DO ACADÉMICO EMÉRITO ILÍDIO MELO PERES DO AMARAL, FEITO PELO SENHOR JORGE MANUEL BARBOSA GASPAR
Urgensi Kepemimpinan Transformatif dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja yang Efektif bagi Perpustakaan Umum
Authors: Ardyawin Iwin
Published: August 2017

Kepemimpinan merupakan sebuah kegiatan yang dilakukan seseorang untuk mempengaruhi orang lain atau kelompok untuk menyetujui dan menyepakati sebuah inisiatif atau gagasan demi pencapaian tujuan bersama. Kepemimpinan juga tidak akan lepas dari sebuah hubungan atau interaksi antara pemimpin dan orang-orang yang dipimpinnya. Dalam hal ini kepemimpinan mempunyai peranan menentukan sebagai satu kekuatan atau kewibawaan dalam menghimpun dan menggerakkan segala sumber daya di dalam kerjasama antara pemimpin dan bawahannya. Pemimpin dengan integritas menginspirasi keyakinan diri dalam diri orang lain karena mereka bisa dipercaya untuk melakukan apa yang mereka katakan akan mereka lakukan. Pada dasarnya, integritas membuat seorang pemimpin dapat dipercaya dan layak mendapat kepercayaan sehingga didalam perpustakaan dapat menimbulkan suasana yang baik, nyaman, informasi yang disajikan dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik oleh para pemustaka.
Alarm anti‐protease trappin‐2 negatively correlates with proinflammatory cytokines in patients with periodontitis
Authors: Afacan Beral , Öztürk Veli Özgen , Emingil Gülnur , Köse Timur , Bostanci Nagihan
Published: August 2017

Background

Trappin‐2 is a potent biologically active serine protease inhibitor with anti‐inflammatory properties that has also been characterized as an “alarm anti‐protease.” Although the importance of trappin‐2 in several chronic infections has been demonstrated, its potential involvement in periodontitis remains undefined. This study aims to investigate salivary levels of trappin‐2 and interleukin (IL)‐1β in periodontally healthy individuals and patients with gingivitis or generalized chronic periodontitis (CP) or aggressive periodontitis (GAgP).

Methods

Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 80 systemically healthy and non‐smoking individuals before full‐mouth periodontal examination. Trappin‐2 and IL‐1β were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and reported as nanograms per milligram after calibration for total protein levels.

Results

Correlation analysis revealed negative association between trappin‐2 and IL‐1β levels. Trappin‐2 also showed strong negative correlation with clinical periodontal parameters, in contrast to IL‐1β, which showed positive correlation. Trappin‐2 levels were significantly lower in individuals with CP and GAgP, but not gingivitis, compared with healthy individuals. Reduced salivary concentrations of trappin‐2 had high sensitivity and specificity to distinguish health from periodontitis.

Conclusions

Trappin‐2 is abundant in the saliva of individuals with healthy periodontium in line with its role as an “anti‐alarm” protease. Decreased salivary trappin‐2 and increased IL‐1β levels in individuals with periodontitis, compared with healthy individuals, may implicate a potential antiprotease/proinflammatory cytokine imbalance, resulting in impaired host protective capacity.
The God Commitee: Likeness & Dichotomy
Authors: Judd Courtney
Published: August 2017

In the 1960s, The God Committee was a group of seven everyday citizens, not doctors, given a trolley problem: they were tasked with selecting which people could receive costly renal failure treatment and turning the rest away. Because dialysis was new and only available in Seattle, if the committee did not select you for the procedure, you were as good as dead. As one could imagine, choosing who lives and who dies was not an easy task, nor was it free of societial values. Racism, ageism, sexism, ableism and classism were all evident within the decisions made by these individuals. Whether the decisions were based on pure prejudice or justi ed using the monetary disadvantages caused by these values being institutionalized is debatable, however. Unfortunately, while it does not take place in this exact form today, morality within science is still a contemporary issue.
Keterampilan Komunikasi Efektif Pustakawan Referensi dalam Melayani Pemustaka di Perpustakaan UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Authors: Musrifah Musrifah
Published: August 2017

Librarians in their profession in the library must have adequate knowledge in all fields. As we know that the task of librarians, reference librarians especially severe because it requires special skills because the information presented comes from a special collection. Therefore, a reference librarian should have the skills, one of which effective communication associated with their professionalism in carrying out its duties are to serve, assist, guide, and became a consultant for user information as well as the high demands of science should be mastered. This is what lies behind the author's research on effective communication skills in serving the reference librarian at the Library of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine the general effective communication skills, how to build effective communication and the factors that hinder effective communication skills in serving the reference librarian at the library of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. The method used in this research is descriptive method with qualitative research approaches. The research results indicate that communication reference librarian in serving users are already skilled and effective. As for how to build effective communication is done by reference librarian in serving users is how to understand and fulfill the aspects of effective communication as a full relief, tolerance, respect / respect, empathy, caring, polite, caring, can be heard, clearly, trust, caring and humble attitude. The factors that hinder effective communication skills in serving the reference librarian at the library UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta that psychological factors, systematic, and ecological.
How Data From Reuse of Electrical-Submersible-Pump Components Can Help in Predicting System Failure
Authors: Bailey William J. , Weir Iain S. , Couët Benoît
Published: August 2017

A statistical study using extensions to the semiparametric survival analysis (SA) was applied to an individual component of an electrical-submersible-pump (ESP) system. Since its proposal in 1972, the Cox proportional hazards (CPH) semiparametric model (Cox 1972) has become the primary tool for regression analysis of censored data. However, CPH assumes that observations are time-independent and that censoring is noninformative.

With extensions to the standard CPH formulation, we demonstrate the analysis procedure by considering a specific component of an ESP system (a motor) such that informative censoring and time-dependent variables may be accommodated. We track this motor from its first deployment, and subsequent redeployments, in different ESP systems to provide an estimate of how its reuse affects ESP run life. Exploiting such model extensions, however, demands a more-involved analysis undertaking than is typical for conventional SA studies. Model limitations and applicability are also discussed.
Measurement of Microemulsion Viscosity and Its Implications for Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Tagavifar Mohsen , Herath Sumudu , Weerasooriya Upali P. , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Pope Gary
Published: August 2017

The rheological behavior of microemulsion systems was systematically investigated with mixtures of oil, brine, surfactant, cosolvent, and in some cases polymer to determine their effects. A microemulsion-rheology model was developed and used to interpret the experimental results. The optimal microemulsion/oil-viscosity ratio without cosolvent was roughly 5:6, but it can be reduced to a more favorable ratio of approximately 2 by adding cosolvent. Even though the amount of cosolvent needed is case dependent, a clear trend of microemulsion-viscosity reduction with increasing cosolvent concentration was observed. Limited evidence suggests that large hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) molecules with a narrow molecular-weight (MW) distribution have negligible partitioning to Type II and Type III microemulsions.
Psychological resources and strategies to cope with stress at work
Authors: Rabenu Edna , Yaniv Eyal
Published: August 2017

Introduction: the choice of strategies to cope with stress has differential effects on individual and organizationaloutcomes (e.g. well-being and performance at work). This study examined to what extent individuals differing intheir positive psychological resources (optimism, hope, self-efficacy and resilience) implement different strategiesto cope with stress in terms of change, acceptance, or withdrawal from a source of stress in an organizationalsetting.Method: A questionnaire was filled out by 554 employees from different organizations representing a wide rangeof jobs and positions.Results: Structural Equation Modeling (SEM; c2(7) = 27:64, p < :01, GFI = :99, NFI = :91, CFI = :93,RMSEA = :07)Conclusion: the results indicated that psychological resources (optimism, hope, self-efficacy and resilience) werepositively related to coping by change and by acceptance and negatively related to withdrawal. The theoreticalimplications are discussed.
Intención de emprendimiento en estudiantes de cinco países latinoamericanos y su relación con liderazgo, propensión al riesgo y locus de control,
Authors: Contreras Torres Francoise , Espinosa Méndez Juan Carlos , Soria Barreto Karla , Portalanza Chavarría Alexandra , Jáuregui Machuca Kety , Omaña Guerrero Jesús Alfonso
Published: August 2017

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar si la intención de emprendimiento, con base en el modelo de comportamiento planeado de Ajzen (1991), puede predecirse con base en la propensión al riesgo, el locus de control interno y las habilidades de liderazgo. Asimismo, se identificaron variables sociodemográficas asociadas a tal intención. Se aplicó una batería de instrumentos estandarizados y confiables a 1493 estudiantes universitarios de áreas empresariales en cinco países latinoamericanos. De acuerdo con los resultados, la intención de emprendimiento puede predecirse significativamente con las variables estudiadas. De igual forma, se confirmó la incidencia de los antecedentes familiares en tal intención lo cual ha sido reportado en varios estudios. Contrario a lo hallado en otros estudios, no se encontraron diferencias por género en la intención de emprendimiento. Se discuten estos hallazgos.
Inter-regional metric disadvantages when comparing countries’ happiness on a global scale. A Rasch based consequential validity analysis
Authors: Rojas-Gualdrón Diego Fernando
Published: August 2017

Happiness has been proposed as an alternative goal in welfare analyses. Several indices have been proposed for its measurement but studies about their metric properties and validity are insufficient. In this paper, the Happy Planet Index is analyzed in terms of its consequential validity as a global health inequality indicator from the invariant measurement perspective of the Rasch model. Model fit is analyzed with emphasis on differential item functioning when comparing between world regions, and its consequential validity by comparing conclusions about the magnitude and inequalities in countries’ happiness. Main findings show enough evidences for structural and construct validity, but not for the supposed underlying score distribution; not either for its generalizability because of sever differential functioning. Conclusions about the magnitude of geographical inequalities and happiest countries substantially differed between the original index and the Rasch measure.
Penguatan Mutu Baca Tulis Al-Qur’an (BTA) Melalui Metode Al-Masyhuroh Berbasis Life Skill Pengolahan Limbah Ikan pada Komunitas Nelayan Tanjung Mas Semarang
Authors: Khoiri Nur , Mustopa Mustopa , Udaibah Wirda
Published: August 2017

Assistance to the community is provided in order to provide education using fast, good and correct learning methods. In addition to literacy education of the Qur'an, coastal communities who work as fish seekers on average also need to be equipped with skills (life skill). Through education and training, coastal communities will have two advantages at once, first able to study the Qur'an quickly, rightly and correctly, and both gain knowledge about fish waste processing. Devotion is done also provide life skill education (life skills) such as processing pellets / feed from fish waste. Supply provided is not limited to the training course but also helps in the management of production permits and feasibility of processing the pellet, and find opportunities in marketing the processed products.
Implementasi Strategi Membaca Berimbang di Kelas Awal Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) di Semarang
Authors: Zulaikhah Zulaikhah , Fadlilah Sayyidatul
Published: August 2017

This study aims at describing the implementation of impartial reading strategies namely collective reading, guided reading, and independent reading performed by teachers of early grades at Islamic Elementary School (MI and MIN) in six madrassas in Semarang. Implementation is conducted after the training of impartial reading is made and continued by providing assistance to teachers in creating impartial reading programs, applying impartial reading strategies, organizing the variety and types of books, and managing students in impartial reading. The program is focused on the use of books containing Islamic values as the development of modules or manuals that have been used to implement the strategy.