bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishing laboratory-specific reference intervals for TSH and fT4 by use of the indirect Hoffman method
Authors: Płaczkowska Sylwia , Terpińska Małgorzata , Piwowar Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

Background

The results of examinations of laboratory parameters are the basis of appropriate medical decisions. The availability of reliable and accurate reference intervals (RIs) for each laboratory parameter is an integral part of its appropriate interpretation. Each medical laboratory should confirm their RIs. Up-to-date reference intervals for thyroid function hormones are still a matter of ongoing controversy. The aim of the study was the application of the indirect Hoffman method to determine RIs for TSH and fT4 based on the large data pools stored in laboratory information systems and the comparison of these RIs to generally used RIs.

Material and methods

The TSH and fT4 routine examination results of hospitalized and outpatient populations were collected over five years (2015–2019), and reference limits were established by the improved Hoffmann method after the exclusion of outliers. Comparative verification of established RIs was conducted with the RIs values provided by test manufacturers and literature data.

Results

Various RIs were observed in different age groups in the examined populations. For TSH, RIs varied between different age groups, with a narrower range of RIs in the studied adult population and a shift of both reference boundaries toward higher values in comparison to manufacturers’ data among children. RIs estimated for fT4 were very similar to the manufacturer and literature data.

Conclusion

Thyroid hormone levels change during a person’s lifetime and vary between sexes, but this difference does not always influence the clinical interpretation of laboratory results in the context of RIs. The use of indirect methods is justified due to the ease and low cost of their application.
Know your enemy: Application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to invasive species control
Authors: Holden Claire Anne , Bailey John Paul , Taylor Jane Elizabeth , Martin Frank , Beckett Paul , McAinsh Martin
Published: January 2022

Extreme weather and globalisation leave our climate vulnerable to invasion by alien species, which have negative impacts on the economy, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Rapid and accurate identification is key to the control of invasive alien species. However, visually similar species hinder conservation efforts, for example hybrids within the Japanese Knotweed complex.

We applied the novel method of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics (mathematics applied to chemical data) to historic herbarium samples, taking 1580 spectra in total. Samples included five species from within the interbreeding Japanese Knotweed complex (including three varieties of Japanese Knotweed), six hybrids and five species from the wider Polygonaceae family. Spectral data from herbarium specimens were analysed with several chemometric techniques: support vector machines (SVM) for differentiation between plant types, supported by ploidy levels; principal component analysis loadings and spectral biomarkers to explore differences between the highly invasiveReynoutria japonicavar.japonicaand its non-invasive counterpartReynoutria japonicavar.compacta; hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) to investigate the relationship between plants within the Polygonaceae family, of theFallopia,Reynoutria,RumexandFagopyrumgenera.

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with SVM successfully differentiated between plant type, leaf surface and geographical location, even in herbarium samples of varying age. Differences betweenReynoutria japonicavar.japonicaandReynoutria japonicavar.compactaincluded the presence of two polysaccharides, glucomannan and xyloglucan, at higher concentrations inReynoutria japonicavar.japonicathanReynoutria japonicavar.compacta. HCA analysis indicated that potential genetic linkages are sometimes masked by environmental factors; an effect that can either be reduced or encouraged by altering the input parameters. Entering the absorbance values for key wavenumbers, previously highlighted by principal component analysis loadings, favours linkages in the resultant HCA dendrogram corresponding to expected genetic relationships, whilst environmental associations are encouraged using the spectral fingerprint region.

The ability to distinguish between closely related interbreeding species and hybrids, based on their spectral signature, raises the possibility of using this approach for determining the origin of Japanese knotweed infestations in legal cases where the clonal nature of plants currently makes this difficult and for the targeted control of species and hybrids. These techniques also provide a new method for supporting biogeographical studies.
COVID-19 outbreaks in nursing homes: A strong link with the coronavirus spread in the surrounding population, France, March to July 2020
Authors: Rabilloud Muriel , Riche Benjamin , Etard Jean François , Elsensohn Mad-Hélénie , Voirin Nicolas , Bénet Thomas , Iwaz Jean , Ecochard René , Vanhems Philippe
Published: January 2022

Background

Worldwide, COVID-19 outbreaks in nursing homes have often been sudden and massive. The study investigated the role SARS-CoV-2 virus spread in nearby population plays in introducing the disease in nursing homes.

Material and methods

This was carried out through modelling the occurrences of first cases in each of 943 nursing homes of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes French Region over the first epidemic wave (March-July, 2020). The cumulative probabilities of COVID-19 outbreak in the nursing homes and those of hospitalization for the disease in the population were modelled in each of the twelveDépartementsof the Region over period March-July 2020. This allowed estimating the duration of the active outbreak period, the dates and heights of the peaks of outbreak probabilities in nursing homes, and the dates and heights of the peaks of hospitalization probabilities in the population. Spearman coefficient estimated the correlation between the two peak series.

Results

The cumulative proportion of nursing homes with COVID-19 outbreaks was 52% (490/943; range: 22–70% acc. Département). The active outbreak period in the nursing homes lasted 11 to 21 days (acc. Département) and ended before lockdown end. Spearman correlation between outbreak probability peaks in nursing homes and hospitalization probability peaks in the population (surrogate of the incidence peaks) was estimated at 0.71 (95% CI: [0.66; 0.78]).

Conclusion

The modelling highlighted a strong correlation between the outbreak in nursing homes and the external pressure of the disease. It indicated that avoiding disease outbreaks in nursing homes requires a tight control of virus spread in the surrounding populations.
Inclusion at universities: Psychometric properties of an inclusive management scale as perceived by students
Authors: Solis-Grant María José , Espinoza-Parçet Camila , Sepúlveda-Carrasco Cristóbal , Pérez-Villalobos Cristhian , Rodríguez-Núñez Iván , Pincheira-Martínez Cristian , Gómez-Varela Juan Pablo , Aránguiz-Ibarra Daniela
Published: January 2022

Introduction

During the last century, the inclusion of all kinds of diversity became a social imperative in all social spaces but above all in some institutions such as the educational ones. Among these, inclusion has been least studied in the tertiary education organizations. This communication proposes and evaluates the psychometric properties of a new instrument, named Inclusive Management in Tertiary Institutions Scale (IMTIS), to assess inclusive management in universities.

Method

The researchers used a quantitative research model through survey. We based on the Index for Inclusion to design the IMTIS. We first submitted it to the assessment of experts. Then we applied the resulting version in an online survey including a sample of 1557 students from two universities and 121 different undergraduate careers. A panel of experts judged the content validity of the instrument. Participants answered the IMTIS after informed consent. We used confirmatory factor analysis to assess the construct validity of the instrument. We also evaluated the reliability of the measurements.

Results

From a kit of 33 originally proposed items, we obtained a version of 22 items with CVR between 0.60 and 1.00, and a IVC = 0.78. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the six-factor solution had a better adjustment than the one and three factors solutions (RMSEA = 0.059; CFI = 0.947; TLI = 0.937). The McDonald ω coefficients were between 0.864 and 0.922.

Conclusion

The results deliver evidence that supports the validity and reliability of the IMTIS measurements to carry out research and diagnosis of inclusive management in higher education institutions.
Characteristics of severely malnourished under-five children immunized with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin following Expanded Programme on Immunization schedule and their outcomes during hospitalization at an urban diarrheal treatment centre, Bangladesh
Authors: Ackhter Mst. Mahmuda , Shahid Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin , Ahmed Tahmeed , Palit Parag , Parvin Irin , Islam Md. Zahidul , Alam Tahmina , Shaima Shamsun Nahar , Shahrin Lubaba , Afroze Farzana , Sarmin Monira , Islam Shoeb Bin , Akhtar Zubair , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Chowdhury Fahmida
Published: January 2022

Background

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has recently been found to have beneficial effects among children infected other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Due to the paucity of data on the outcomes of children who had successful BCG vaccination following Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) schedule, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of such children and their outcomes who were hospitalized for severe malnutrition.

Methods

A prospective observational study was conducted to determine the viral etiology of pneumonia in severely malnourished children those were admitted to the Dhaka Hospital of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) between April 2015 and December 2017, constituted the study population. Using a case-control design for the analysis, children having BCG vaccination prior hospital admission were treated as cases (n = 611) and those without vaccination, constituted as controls (n = 83). Bi-variate analysis was conducted using socio-demographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment characteristics on admission and outcomes during hospitalization. Finally, log-linear binomial regression analysis was done to identify independent impact of BCG vaccination.

Results

The cases more often presented with older age, have had lower proportion of maternal illiteracy, higher rate of breastfeeding, severe wasting and lower rate of hypoglycemia, compared to the controls. The cases were also found to have lower risk of severe sepsis and deaths, compared to the controls (for all, p<0.05). However, in log-linear binomial regression analysis, after adjusting for potential confounders, BCG vaccination following EPI schedule (RR:0.54; 95%CI = 0.33–0.89; p = 0.015) and breastfeeding (RR:0.53; 95%CI = 0.35–0.81; p = 0.003) were found to be protective for the development of severe sepsis.

Conclusion

BCG vaccination and breastfeeding were found to be protective for the development of severe sepsis in hospitalized severely malnourished under-five children which underscores the importance of continuation of BCG vaccination at birth and breastfeeding up to two years of age.
Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis detection in colorectal tumours: Optimal target site and correlation with total bacterial load
Authors: Rye Marie S. , Garrett Kerryn L. , Holt Robert A. , Platell Cameron F. , McCoy Melanie J.
Published: January 2022

Background

Mucosal infiltration by certain bacterial species may contribute to the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). There is considerable variation in reported detection rates in human CRC samples and the extent to which bacterial infiltration varies across regions of the primary tumour is unknown. This study aimed to determine if there is an optimal site for bacterial detection within CRC tumours.

Methods

Presence of target bacterial species was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in 42 human CRC tumours. Abundance in primary tumour regions, normal epithelium and at metastatic sites was investigated in an expanded cohort of 51 patients. Species presence/absence was confirmed by diversity profiling in five patients. Correlation with total bacterial load and clinicopathological features was assessed.

Results

Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis were detected in tumours from 43% and 24% of patients, respectively (17% positive for both species). The optimal detection site was the tumour luminal surface (TLS). Patients testing positive at the TLS frequently tested negative at other sites, including central tumour and invasive margin. F. nucleatum was detected at a higher frequency in tumour versus normal epithelium (p < 0.01) and was associated with more advanced disease (p = 0.01). Detection of both species correlated with total bacterial load. However, corroboration of qPCR results via diversity profiling suggests detection of these species may indicate a specific microbial signature.

Conclusions

This study supports a role for F. nucleatum in CRC development. Presence of F. nucleatum and B. fragilis varies across primary tumour regions, with the TLS representing the optimal site for bacterial detection.
Facility and care provider emergency preparedness for neonatal resuscitation in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Usman Fatima , Tsiga-Ahmed Fatimah I. , Abdulsalam Mohammed , Farouk Zubaida L. , Jibir Binta W. , Aliyu Muktar H.
Published: January 2022

Introduction

The knowledge, attitude, and practice of emergency neonatal resuscitation are critical requirements in any facility that offers obstetric and neonatal services. This study aims to conduct a needs assessment survey and obtain individual and facility-level data on expertise and readiness for neonatal resuscitation. We hypothesize that neonatal emergency preparedness among healthcare providers in Kano, Nigeria is associated with the level of knowledge, attitudinal disposition, practice and equipment availability at the facility level.

Methods

A semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was administered to a cross-section of health providers directly involved with neonatal care (n = 112) and attending a neonatal resuscitation workshop in Kano state. Information regarding knowledge, attitude, practice and facility preparedness for neonatal resuscitation was obtained. Bloom’s cut-off score and a validated basic emergency obstetric and neonatal care assessment tool were adopted to categorize outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to determine independent predictors of knowledge and practice.

Results

Almost half (48% and 42% respectively) of the respondents reported average level of self-assessed knowledge and comfort during resuscitation. Only 7% (95% CI:3.2–13.7) and 5% (95% CI:2.0–11.4) of health providers demonstrated good knowledge and practice scores respectively, with an overall facility preparedness of 46%. Respondents’ profession as a physician compared to nurses and midwives predicted good knowledge (aOR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01–0.69; p = 0.01), but not practice.

Conclusion

Healthcare provider’s knowledge and practice including facility preparedness for emergency neonatal resuscitation were suboptimal, despite the respondents’ relatively high self-assessed attitudinal perception. Physicians demonstrated higher knowledge compared to other health professionals. The low level of respondents’ awareness, practice, and facility readiness suggest the current weak state of secondary health systems in Kano.
News Values from an Audience Perspective, Martina Temmerman and Jelle Mast (eds) (2021)
Authors: Li Weiyi , Huan Changpeng
Published: January 2022

Review of: News Values from an Audience Perspective, Martina Temmerman and Jelle Mast (eds) (2021)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 189 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03045-045-8, h/bk, $119.99
Correlation between p53 and Mdm2 expression with histopathological parameters in cattle squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Al-Jameel Waseem , Al-Mahmood S. S. , Al-Saidya A. M.
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common form of carcinoma in cattle. Histopathological grading systems have been utilized over several decades for estimating the malignancy of cattle SCCs. This study aimed to detect p53 and Mdm2 expression in different SCC cases in cattle and correlate their expression with the SCC histopathological grading. Materials and Methods: Cattle SCC cases were collected at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Nineveh. The SCC grading system categorized the cases histologically based on their differentiation grade into three groups: Well, moderately, and poorly differentiated. The SCC cases were subsequently verified for p53 and Mdm2 immunoexpression. Results: Fourteen of 16 examined cattle SCC samples tested positive for p53 expression. Moreover, 15 out of the 16 SCC samples tested positive for Mdm2 expression. The increased immunoreactivity of both p53 and Mdm2 was associated with a poor histological grading of the cattle SCC. There is a positive correlation between the nuclear expression of p53 and Mdm2, and the degree of differentiation and the number of mitotic figures in the examined cattle SCC samples. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate an increased p53 and Mdm2 expression in cattle SCC cases characterized by poor histopathological grading, thus suggesting an essential role of these molecules in the development of moderately and poorly differentiated SCC in cattle.
Use of Ruxolitinib for the Simultaneous Treatment of Severe Refractory Ulcerative Colitis and Polycythemia Vera
Authors: Swei Eric C. , Fox Charlie M. , Bowles Daniel W. , Rizeq Mona N. , Onyiah Joseph C.
Published: January 2022

Tofacitinib is the only medicine in the class of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors that has been approved for use in moderate-to-severely active ulcerative colitis (UC). The potential of other JAK inhibitors to treat UC has not been fully explored. We present a case describing the successful use of the selective JAK inhibitor, ruxolitinib, to treat a patient with concomitant UC and polycythemia vera.
The Effect of Educational Training on Surgical Site Infection Management for Operating Room Nursing Staff
Authors: Heo Yeon-Jeong , Nam So-Hee , Hyun Hye-Jin
Published: January 2022

Purpose:This study tested the effectiveness of brochure- and video-based education on managing surgical site infections by operating room health personnel.Methods: From April 20 to May 4, 2021, 34 operating room health personnel were subjected to training on surgical site infection management using brochures and educational videos. A survey was then conducted on knowledge, perception, and adherence regarding surgical site infection management.Results: After receiving training on surgical site infection management, the knowledge score increased significantly (15.15±2.09 vs.19.70±1.96, p<.001). However, the perception and adherence scores were already near perfect before the intervention and did not further increase after the intervention.Conclusion: It is necessary to develop and utilize continuous and substantive educational programs to improve perception and adherence of surgical site infection management.
“Going down the Tower of Babel” through telecollaboration in the context of Internationalization at Home
Authors: Schaefer Rodrigo
Published: January 2022

Belli et al. (2018) explain that the myth of the Tower of Babel, described in the Holy Bible, alludes to the intercultural relations in today’s world, because the Tower was located in a major economic and cultural center of the ancient world. Telecollaboration, defined as the use of online technologies in the area of language teaching and learning between students who are geographically distant (O’DOWD, 2013a), plays an important role in promoting intercultural interactions in the Internationalization at Home (O’DOWD, 2019) context. The latter stands for a more inclusive internationalization, achieved by domestic activities, and not only by international academic mobility (CROWTHER et al., 2000). For Luna (2018b), the process of Internationalization of the Curriculum occurs in the light of the intercultural approach (KRAMSCH, 2014), whereas Gil (2016) argues that such approach should be conceptualized based on the interaction between language and culture. This study aims at discussing how the interaction between language and culture related to the intercultural approach can lead students “to go down the Tower of Babel” through telecollaborative activities in the context of Internationalization at Home. With respect to the results, two telecollaborative domestic actions, under the author’s coordination, appear to indicate that there have been opportunities towards the process of “going down the tower”, since many concerns related to the current world, e.g. cultural differences, stereotypes and the environment, where students can to take both an insider and an outsider’s perspective (KRAMSCH, 2011), are at the heart of the discussions.
Resolução de ambiguidade anafórica em português, inglês e espanhol
Authors: Bruscato Amanda Maraschin , Baptista Jorge Manuel Evangelista
Published: January 2022

Este artigo dá continuidade a um estudo piloto e compara os dados obtidos com falantes portugueses e brasileiros na tarefa de resolução de ambiguidade anafórica em português, inglês e espanhol. As respostas foram comparadas, também, às respostas de falantes nativos das línguas estrangeiras. A análise baseia-se em um questionário online respondido por 52 estudantes universitários no Brasil e em Portugal. O instrumento investigou a resolução de anáfora intrafrásica, considerando como variáveis a ordem das orações, a saliência ou não do sujeito, e a escolha dos verbos. Concluiu-se que, em português e espanhol, os falantes pareciam seguir a Estratégia da Posição do Antecedente (CARMINATI, 2002) nas frases consideradas “neutras” semanticamente, mas não nas “tendenciosas”. Em relação à língua inglesa, os falantes nativos tendiam a interpretar o pronome em posição de sujeito da oração subordinada como correferente ao sujeito da oração principal. Os aprendizes de inglês, por outro lado, mostraram-se geralmente indecisos quanto à melhor alternativa. Esta pesquisa contribui para o estado da arte não apenas por explicitar critérios para a construção das frases do teste e por realizar um estudo comparativo em três línguas, mas também por tentar demonstrar, com dados quantitativos, que, ao determinar a escolha dos verbos, altera-se a estratégia utilizada para a resolução da ambiguidade.
Autoria e ensino
Authors: Carvalho Gabriele Cristine
Published: January 2022

Entendendo, como Possenti (2001, 2013), que os textos escolares podem apresentar traços de autoria e, como Orlandi (2012), que é papel da escola promover a passagem do sujeito-enunciador para sujeito-autor, este artigo apresenta uma proposta de trabalho do tema bullying para o gênero Redação do ENEM, que favorece o desenvolvimento de marcas de autoria. Entretanto, como normalmente a escola apresenta um discurso pedagógico autoritário, que impede essa passagem, nossa proposta se fundamenta em um discurso pedagógico polêmico que promove a reversibilidade discursiva e a disputa do objeto discursivo (ORLANDI, 1987b). À luz da Semântica da Enunciação, desenvolvida por Dias (2018) e Guimarães (2002), definimos autoria como uma função enunciativa que delimita um ponto de vista (um posicionamento político que reorganiza o “real”), o qual organiza os referenciais históricos (o funcionamento da memória discursiva sócio-histórica) e os conforma à situação de palavra (no caso, a Redação do ENEM). A análise da redação de um aluno do 1º ano do ensino médio demonstra os benefícios da proposta adotada.
Textual Continuity
Authors: Young John K.
Published: January 2022

While textual variation has long been understood as a defining element of the genetic process, and indeed of textuality itself, this essay considers textual continuity not as the absence of revision but as potential revision that does not occur. In the archival materials associated with Toni Morrison’s and Tim O’Brien’s novels, we find various instances of a text remaining meaningfully the “same” across different versions. This emphasis on continuity implies a further possible reorientation, toward a sense of works in development, with individual documents construed less as physical objects or containers and more as “temporal parts”.
Giacomo Casanova et Cecille von Roggendorff
Authors: Grazioli Elena
Published: January 2022

Ce texte cherche à analyser l’échange épistolaire entre Giacomo Casanova et Cecille von Roggendorff, à partir du 6 février 1797 jusqu’à la mort de Casanova, le 4 juin 1798. Cette correspondance encadre non seulement un rapport précepteur-écolière, mais, peu à peu, le vieux libertin agît comme un père inquiet pour sa fille. Nous essayerons de suivre les étapes de cette connaissance réciproque à travers les vicissitudes quotidiennes, les maladies de Casanova et les états mélancoliques de Cecille, la tentative de ce dernier de la placer comme dame d’honneur chez les filles du duc Pierre de Curlande. Le compte rendu lettre par lettre met l’accent sur les interlocuteurs et permet une mise à jour de la narration que l’auteur de l’Histoire de ma vie a consciemment décidé d’arrêter avant ses dernières années passées à Dux.

This essay attempts to analyze the exchange between Giacomo Casanova and Cecilia von Roggendorff, during the two years before Casanova’s death in Dux, Bohemia (4 June 1798). Such correspondence represents the step-by-step evolution of a teacher-pupil relationship into a  father-daughter one, with the old libertine getting increasingly worried about her. Our analysis follows such mutual exchange through everyday matters such as Casanova’s illness and Cecilia’s melancholy, the former’s attempt to place her into the court as the duke Pierre de Curlande’s maid of honor. By means of a letter-by-letter account, some light is shed on the interlocutors and Casanova’s narration in his Histoire de ma vie, which omits his last years spent in Dux.
STAUFFER, Andrew M. 2021. Book Traces: Nineteenth-Century Readers and the Future of the Library.
Authors: Dean Gabrielle
Published: January 2022

Review.
ITALIA, Paola, Giulia RABONI et al. 2021. What is Authorial philology?
Authors: Nava Beatrice
Published: January 2022

Review.
Notes on Contributors
Authors: Werner Marta
Published: January 2022

Information on the issue's contributors.
The Society for Textual Scholarship
Authors: Werner Marta
Published: January 2022

Information on the Society for Textual Scholarship.
Book review of: Brandt, Arno; Danneberg, Marc; Krätke, Stefan; Polom, Lina (2021): Wissensvernetzung und Metropolregionen. Eine Netzwerkanalyse des Innovationssystems der Metropolregion Hannover Braunschweig Göttingen Wolfsburg
Authors: Growe Anna
Published: January 2022

Book Review
Stabilisierung durch digitale Technik: Wie CAD-Programme zur räumlichen Ordnung in der Planung beitragen
Authors: Kuppler Anne , Alpermann Hendrikje
Published: January 2022

Planning is generally recognised as the practice of spatial organisation. Planning instruments, such as land-use plans and zoning plans, are used to structure development, to reduce building densities and to densify. While planning instruments themselves and their interpretation, practical use and implementation have been widely studied, in contrast technical implementation and its active role in planning processes have remained mostly unexplored. This paper addresses this research gap by considering the ways in which common techniques – primarily graphical CAD programmes – operate in planning processes. The basic assumption here is that CAD programmes not only make planning possible, but also play a significant role in shaping it, since digital technology is used to inscribe and stabilise spatial organisation in plans. Prominent concepts from Science and Technology Studies are used to demonstrate how CAD programmes give urban complexity a new material form – that of the plan. They contribute significantly to a core area of planning and thus to the specific ordering of our built environment.
Quality Indeks dan Konsentrasi Logam Berat dalam Perairan dan Sedimen di Perairan Kota Makassar
Authors: Polapa Funty Septiyawati , Annisa Rahmawati Nur , Annisa Rahmawati Nur , Yanuarita Dewi , Yanuarita Dewi , Ali Suharto M , Ali Suharto M
Published: January 2022

Kota Makassar merupakan pusat kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki aktifitas wilayah pesisir, seperti pemanfataan industri, pariwisata, transportasi laut serta memiliki dua sungai besar yang muara di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasilogam berat dalam air dan sedimen serta menentukan status mutunya. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 10 lokasi strategis sumber pencemar seperti pabrik, hotel, muara sungai serta pelabuhan dengan mengambil sampel air dan sedimen dan selanjutnya dianalisis di laboratorium untuk logam berat Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cu dan Pb. Statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang ada. Metode Indeks Pencemar dan Storet (Storage and Retrieval) digunakan untuk menentukan status mutu air dan sedimen dari logam berat untuk biota laut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perairan Kota Makassar tergolong dalam kategori “Cemar Ringan” berdasarkan hasil perhitungan indeks Pencemar sedangkan status mutu perairan tergolong “Cemar Berat”. Parameter logam berat di kolom perairan yang melampaui baku mutu adalah Krom (0,016±0,005) dan Tembaga (0,112±0,035). Sedangkan untuk parameter logam berat sedimen secara keseluruhan masih berada dalam ambang batas baku mutu yang telah ditentukan. Kondisi tercemar berasal dari aktifitas reklamasi pantai serta sumber alami dan limbah domestik dari aktifitas masyarakat cukup tinggi.ABSTRACTMakassar City is the city center in South Sulawesi Province which has coastal area activities, such as the use of industry, tourism, sea transportation and has two large rivers that estuary into the waters. This study aims to determine the concentration of heavy metals in water and sediment and determine their quality status. Observations were made at 10 strategic locations of pollutant sources such as factories, hotels, river mouths, and ports by taking water and sediment samples and then analyzed in the laboratory for heavy metals Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cu, and Pb. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze the existing data. The Pollutant Index and Storet (Storage and Retrieval) method is used to determine the status of water and sediment quality of heavy metals for marine biota. The results of this study indicate that the waters of Makassar City are classified as "Lightly Polluted" based on the results of the calculation of the Pollutant index while the status of the water quality is classified as "Heavy Polluted". Parameters of heavy metals in the water column that exceed the quality standard are chromium (0,016±0,005) and copper (0,112±0,035). Meanwhile, the parameters of the sediment heavy metals as a whole are still within the specified quality standard. Polluted conditions derived from coastal reclamation activities as well as natural sources and domestic waste from community activities are quite high.
Marx the Fichtean
Authors: Rockmore Tom
Published: January 2022

We ignore the history of philosophy at our peril. Engels, who typically conflates Marx and Marxism, points to the relation of Marxism to the tradition while also denying it. In his little book on Feuerbach, Engels depicts Feuerbach as leading Marx away from Hegel, away from classical German philosophy, away from philosophy and towards materialism and science. This view suggests that Marx is at best negatively related to Classical German philosophy, including Hegel. Yet Engels elsewhere suggests that Marx belongs to the classical German philosophical tradition. In the preface to Socialism, Utopian and Scientific, Engels wrote: “We German socialists are proud that we trace our descent not only from Saint Simon, Fourier and Owen, but also from Kant, Fichte and Hegel” (Marx & Engels, Collected Works). In this paper I will focus on Marx’s relation to Fichte. This relation is rarely mentioned in the Marxist debate, but I will argue, it is crucial for the formulation of Marx’s position, and hence for assessing his contribution accurately. One of the results of this study will be to indicate that Marx, in reacting against Hegel, did not, as is often suggested, ‘leave’ philosophy, but in fact made a crucial philosophical contribution.
СТІЙКІСТЬ, ВАРІАТИВНІСТЬ І ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ПРИСЛІВ’ЇВ
Authors: KALKO VALENTYNA , KALKO MYKOLA
Published: January 2022

The article considers the problem of proverb stability and modifications, and the difference between the terms modification and transformation. The author draws a conclusion that standard modifications within the national paremiological corpus can not be perceived as textual or occasional modifications. They should be taken as systemic variations within language norms that exist in the mind of native speakers, do not add another semantic meaning and are not recognized by native speakers as proverb deformations. Differences between proverbs (sayings of edifying character, which contain the centuries-old experience of the people) and anti-proverbs (the authors consider anti-proverbs to be the semantic antithesis of proverbs) are highlighted. The authors pay special attention to the study of the semantics of proverbs and their transformants to identify relevant semantic and cognitive characteristics. The productive transformation of classical proverbs convinces of the heredity of folk wisdom, the change in the deep meaning, and the formal plan of the original proverbs testifies to their adaptation to new social and historical conditions and values.
ГЕНЕЗА ДУМИ ПРО БРИТАНКУ ЮРІЯ ЯНОВСЬКОГО В КОНТЕКСТІ ТРАДИЦІЙ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ДРАМАТУРГІЇ
Authors: KONDRATIEWA SWITŁANA
Published: January 2022

The specificity of this article is the consideration not only of the completed text entitled A Duma about Brytanka, but also of the play-forming and creating process, which became possible due to the presence of drafts and draft notes to the work. Therefore, this study is conducted not only in along the lines of literary theory, but also textology. The relevance of the study is that the view from above allows us to comprehend, or even rethink, the play A Duma about Brytanka in the context of the author’s work and also in the context of the Soviet drama landscape in general. Understanding and rethinking the work of predecessors is an important process for comprehending the development of literature as a general process and its development within the national borders. The aim of the study at hand is to determine how the realities of the time and especially the accepted literary trend and historical events influenced the formation of the text of the play. The results of the study show that the original idea of A Duma about Brytanka had much more romantic features, as romanticism as a style of thinking was inherent for Yuri Yanovskyi. However, in the process of creating the play, the author began to rely on the documents that showed the real case of the social republic. The author abandoned the original version and completed the play so that it became much closer to the Soviet canon than to romanticism.
„TRZECI JĘZYK” W PRZEKŁADZIE: SZCZEGÓLNY PRZYPADEK OBCOŚCI NIEOBCEJ
Authors: KOTYŃSKA KATARZYNA
Published: January 2022

The aim of the paper is to discuss the strategies used when translating inserts in the “third language” (L3). I focus on the situation where the “third language” remains fully understandable for the recipient of the source text. I will present the strategies for translating the Ukrainian text with Russian incrustations into Polish against a comparative background of other language triads.
“A Free-Range Chicken that Can Run Wherever the Majority Wants It To”: Budget Reconciliation and the Contemporary U.S. Senate
Authors: Reynolds Molly E.
Published: January 2022

Since its early uses in the early 1980s, the budget reconciliation process has played an important role in how the U.S. Congress legislates. Because the procedures protect certain legislation from a filibuster in the Senate, the reconciliation rules both shape, and are shaped by, the upper chamber in significant ways. After providing a brief overview of the process, I discuss first how partisanship in the Senate has affected the use of the reconciliation procedures. Next, I describe two sets of consequences of the contemporary reconciliation process, on negotiation and on policy design. I conclude with some observations about the relationship of reconciliation to the prospects for broader procedural change in the Senate.
Modern gold standard of cardiac output measurement – A simplified bedside measurement of individual oxygen uptake in the cath lab
Authors: Schmücker Georg , Burgdorf Christof , Blohm Jan-Henrik , Bugno Mathias , Meyer Kathrin , Remppis Bjoern Andrew
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Cardiac output (CO) measurements employing the direct Fick principle represent the gold standard in right-sided heart catheterization (RHC). The current widespread approach in hemodynamic workup however uses the indirect Fick principle with assumed values for oxygen uptake (VO2) leading to incorrect CO values in up to 25% of patients. We have tested a contemporary breath-by-breath gas analyzer that allows precise real-time measurements of VO2 with appropriate time and effort to serve the direct Fick principle.

Methods

By means of a small and mobile metabolic cart assembled with widely used components of a standard spiroergometer, we performed bedside measurements of individual VO2. In 33 unselected, consecutive patients with various indications for RHC we compared CO values derived from indirect vs. direct Fick calculations.

Results

In 28 of the 33 patients, VO2 measurements were completed with a plausible dataset within a median of 3.2 (interquartile range 2.8–6.2) min. In nine of the 28 patients, CO values based on measured VO2 values differed by more than 20% from CO calculations based on assumed VO2 values with value deviations scattering over a broad range in both directions (maximally +52% to minimally −46%).

Conclusions

The bedside measurement of VO2 for gold standard CO determination is technically feasible within a few min and can thus be easily included in any RHC protocol. As modern therapy for numerus indications demand a precise upfront measurement of hemodynamics, our method might help to correctly identify patients for costly therapies.
Analyzing optical TDMA to mitigate interference in downlink LiFi optical attocell networks
Authors: Surampudi Atchutananda
Published: January 2022

Co-channel interference in the downlink of LiFi attocell networks significantly decreases the network performance in terms of rate. Analysis of multiple access schemes is essential to mitigate interference and improve rate. The light-emitting diodes (LEDs) being centrally monitored, the time division multiple access (TDMA) scheme over the LEDs will be suitable to analyze. This work considers the interference characterization in Ref. (Surampudi A, Ganti RK. Interference characterization in downlink Li-Fi optical attocell networks. J Lightwave Technol 2018;36:3211–28) over M-PAM modulated signals to derive an exact expression for the goodput G of the time scheduled attocell network, which is arranged as a deterministic square lattice in two dimensions. Given this TDMA over the LEDs, numerical simulations show that the LEDs can be optimally time scheduled to maximize the goodput, which implies that the TDMA mitigates interference in an attocell network compared to the case when the LEDs are unscheduled.
Alternative method of implementation of all-optical NOR and NAND gates using quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers in non-interferometer structure
Authors: Dutta Siddhartha , Roy Subhasis , Mukherjee Kousik
Published: January 2022

Present communication deals with the design and analysis of all-optical NOR and NAND gates using Quantum dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (QDSOA). The design uses no interferometer structure but cross gain modulation is utilized for operation. The structures are simple and simulations at a rate of 1 Tb/s are processed. For unsaturated gain 30 dB, the logic gates show high values of ER (29.82 dB, 16.93 dB), CR (29.6 dB, 21.33 dB), and Q (25.4 dB, 13.2 dB). This ensures practical feasibility and high quality of the proposed gates.
Multivariate Hyper-Rotated GARCH-BEKK
Authors: Asai Manabu , McAleer Michael
Published: January 2022

For large multivariate models of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH), it is important to reduce the number of parameters to cope with the ‘curse of dimensionality’. Recently, Laurent, Rombouts and Violante (2014 “Multivariate Rotated ARCH Models” Journal of Econometrics
179: 16–30) developed the rotated multivariate GARCH model, which focuses on the parameters for standardized variables. This paper extends the rotated multivariate GARCH model by considering a hyper-rotation, which uses a more flexible structure for the rotation matrix. The paper shows an alternative representation based on a random coefficient vector autoregressive and moving-average (VARMA) process, and provides the regularity conditions for the consistency and asymptotic normality of the quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) estimator for VARMA with hyper-rotated multivariate GARCH. The paper investigates the finite sample properties of the QML estimator for the new model. Empirical results for four exchange rate returns show the new specifications works satisfactory for reducing the number of parameters.
Global optimization and applications to a variational inequality problem
Authors: Hussain Azhar , Adeel Muhammad , Aydi Hassen , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: January 2022

In the present paper, we study the existence and convergence of the best proximity point for cyclic

Θ

\Theta

-contractions. As consequences, we extract several fixed point results for such cyclic mappings. As an application, we present some solvability theorems in the topic of variational inequalities.
Gene signature to predict prognostic survival of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Li , Cao Yundi , Fan YingRui , Li Rong
Published: January 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence and poor prognosis and is the second most fatal cancer, and certain HCC patients also show high heterogeneity. This study developed a prognostic model for predicting clinical outcomes of HCC. RNA and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing data of HCC were obtained from the cancer genome atlas. RNA dysregulation between HCC tumors and adjacent normal liver tissues was examined by DESeq algorithms. Survival analysis was conducted to determine the basic prognostic indicators. We identified competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) containing 15,364 pairs of mRNA–long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). An imbalanced ceRNA network comprising 8 miRNAs, 434 mRNAs, and 81 lncRNAs was developed using hypergeometric test. Functional analysis showed that these RNAs were closely associated with biosynthesis. Notably, 53 mRNAs showed a significant prognostic correlation. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator’s feature selection detected four characteristic genes (SAPCD2, DKC1, CHRNA5, and UROD), based on which a four-gene independent prognostic signature for HCC was constructed using Cox regression analysis. The four-gene signature could stratify samples in the training, test, and external validation sets (p <0.01). Five-year survival area under ROC curve (AUC) in the training and validation sets was greater than 0.74. The current prognostic gene model exhibited a high stability and accuracy in predicting the overall survival (OS) of HCC patients.
Design of experiments for the methylene blue adsorption study onto biocomposite material based on Algerian earth chestnut and cellulose derivatives
Authors: Boubekri Fatima Zohra , Benkhaled Amal , Elbahri Zineb
Published: January 2022

Novel bio-composite films based on Algerian earth chestnut i.e. Bunium incrassatum roots (Talghouda, TG) and cellulose derivatives (ethylcellulose; EC and cellulose acetate; AC) are prepared and tested for methylene blue (MB) adsorption from aqueous solutions. The biomaterial films are elaborated by dissolution solvent evaporation technique and are characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, SEM and optical microscopy. The pHpzc is also determined. For the adsorption tests, design of experiments based on 23 factorial design is built and followed. So, the effects of TG:EC:AC ratio, pH and MB initial concentration are discussed on the basis of mathematical modelling using Minitab software. Mathematical relations between equilibrium adsorption percentages and capacities versus selected variables were obtained and illustrated by surface plots. The interactive effects between variables have been also identified. The results showed that the MB adsorption percentage exceeded 83% and is mostly affected by pH value. Nevertheless the adsorption capacity is affected by MB initial concentration.
Remembering Haludovo: The Penthouse Years and What Came Later
Authors: Šentevska Irena , Mrduljaš Maroje
Published: January 2022

This paper contributes to a growing area within memory studies which explores individual and collective memories as communicated in the contemporary media. The “nexus of memory” in this case is the tourism complex Haludovo on the Croatian island of Krk. What made Haludovo exceptional in the context of the growing tourism industry in socialist Yugoslavia was its short-lived partnership with the adult magazinePenthouse. This paper looks at the history and subsequent fate of Haludovo in the postsocialist period, focusing on the episode dedicated to Haludovo in the Croatian documentary TV seriesSlumbering Concrete(2016). A collaboration between a media scholar and an architectural historian, who was also one of the scriptwriters and hosts of the series, the study makes use of these multiple perspectives to situate the Haludovo case in a wider framework—the mediated communication of history and memories of the Yugoslav Adriatic coast in television and cinema.
North Macedonia: Politics versus Policy of EU Integration
Authors: Mojsovska Silvana
Published: January 2022

The accession of North Macedonia to the European Union (EU) has been at an impasse for 27 years due to the political dispute with Greece. In 2018, its resolution fuelled hopes that North Macedonia would finally start negotiations with the EU. Unfortunately, there was a new obstacle, as Bulgaria vetoed the talks in December 2020. Implicit to the latest political backlog, the efforts for further EU integration should be focused on the available policy instruments. The Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) is a legally binding document which has already enabled trade liberalisation between the parties, stipulates the national treatment of business entities on the basis of reciprocity, aims for full liberalisation of capital and financial flows, and also provides other opportunities for integration. Placing the SAA in the spotlight of the mutual relations between the parties, based on proactivity from North Macedonia, could provide the impetus for more substantial EU integration of the country, despite the political stagnation of the process.