bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the organizational commitment of librarians of libraries in Tehran
Authors: Rahmani Mehdi
Published: December 2023

Purpose and background: Organizational commitment in management and behavioral science literature is an important factor in the relationships between organizations and individuals. The purpose of this research is to identify and evaluate the organizational commitment of librarians in libraries in Tehran based on 4 indicators of participation and teamwork spirit, conscientiousness, values, and administrative discipline. Financial and social took place. Research method: The current research was applied in terms of purpose and survey research in terms of method. In the present study, data were collected using standard questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population included all librarians of academic and public libraries in Tehran, numbering 780 people. In this research, using Cochran's formula, 257 people were selected as a sample population. Also, the snowball technique was used in the interview method to collect data. Findings: The results of the research showed that the public participation component is the most important component in the discussion of the organizational commitment of librarians in libraries in Tehran. And the components of central justice and responsibility are in the next ranks. Also, the results showed that the librarians of Iranian libraries are in the first rank in the index of participation and group spirit, the index of work conscience is in the second rank, and the index of administrative, financial and social discipline is in the rank of The third and the index of values are in the fourth place. Also, the results of the research showed that the level of adherence to organizational commitment in academic libraries and public libraries is not significantly different, but the condition of university library employees is slightly better than public library employees. Conclusion: It goes without saying that the ultimate goal of performance evaluation in any field is the exchange of information between the evaluator and the employees in order to prevent and correct undesirable performance and encourage the desired performance of employees. For this purpose, care should be taken during the evaluation session to move towards the conclusion of the topics.
Investigating the relationship between personality traits and psychological well-being with the quality of work life through the mediation of perceived social support in teachers and principals of Boyerahmad city
Authors: Javadian Bahman , Mahdavi Motlagh Bahram , Danaei Ehsan , Vojdanifar Hakimeh , Edalat Nasab Seyed Ali
Published: December 2023

Background and purpose: Today, a new process has started in organizations, and work in organizations has gained a new meaning. Organizations that offer a good quality of work life to their employees have a good index in attracting and retaining employees; Therefore, the quality of employees' work life is the key to the success of any organization, which increases employee satisfaction, strengthens their learning and flexibility in a changing environment. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits and psychological well-being with the quality of work life through the mediation of perceived social support. Methodology: The present research method was a path analysis type descriptive correlation. This research's statistical population was comprised of all the teachers working in education in Boyerahmad city. From the statistical population, 450 people were selected and studied by the available sampling method. To collect data, the social support questionnaires of Ziman and his colleagues (1988), personality traits (NEO), Riff's psychological well-being (1989), and Walton's quality of work life (2003) were used. Evaluation of the proposed model was done using path analysis. Results: The research findings showed that the direct paths of personality traits, psychological well-being, and perceived social support to the quality of work-life, as well as personality traits and psychological well-being to perceived social support, were statistically significant. Conclusion: The results showed that the indirect relationship between personality traits and psychological well-being through perceived social support and the quality of work life was significant. Overall, the research results showed that the quality of working life is affected by many factors, including personality traits, psychological well-being, and perceived social support.
The causal relationship between personality traits and job stress with the quality of work life through the mediation of job attachment
Authors: Dolat Doost Hossein , Javadian Mahsa , Morad Jahanbakhsh Ali , Asghari Morteza , Namjoo Kiamars
Published: December 2023

Background and purpose: Today, a new trend has started in organizations, and work in organizations has gained a new meaning. Organizations that offer a good quality of work life to their employees have a good index in attracting and retaining employees. Therefore, the quality of employees' working life is the key to any organization's success, increasing employee satisfaction and strengthening their learning and flexibility in a changing environment. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the causal relationship between personality traits and job stress with the quality of work life through the mediation of job attachment. Methodology: The research method was correlation and path analysis. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the teachers and teachers working in education in Ludab region (Boyer Ahmad city) in the academic year 2022-2023. The statistical sample of the research was 250 teachers who were selected by convenience sampling. In order to measure the research variables, Walton's (1973) work-life quality questionnaires, Davis et al.'s job stress (1991), NEO personality traits (Costa & McCree, 1985), and Edwards and Klipatrick's (1984) job attachment were used. Evaluation of the proposed model was done using path analysis. Results: The findings showed that the direct paths of personality traits and job stress and job attachment with quality of work life and the direct paths of personality traits and job stress with job attachment were statistically significant. On the other hand, the results showed that the indirect paths of personality traits and job stress through job attachment with the quality of work life were significant. Conclusion: Generally, personality traits and job stress significantly correlate with the quality of work life through the mediation of job attachment in teachers.
Presenting and explaining a model for developing human resources policies in education
Authors: Borzoei Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Objective: Human resource policies create and sustain a suitable infrastructure for developing new products, technologies, and organizational procedures by promoting employees' values of creativity, cooperation, independence, and ambition. Therefore, the research aimed to present and explain a model for developing human resources policies in education. Method: The present study was qualitative. The process of conducting research in the way of processing the data theory of the foundation includes research questions, note-taking and data collection, analysis, theoretical sampling, and theoretical saturation, writing and compiling theory, and comparing texts. The analysis process started with open coding and ideally ended with selective coding. In order to collect the primary components, 50 domestic and foreign articles and book titles were studied using the criterion-based purposeful sampling method. With this number of samples, the researcher reached theoretical saturation. After coding and categorizing the components (by 20 experts) using the Kendall coefficient, the reliability of the components was estimated at 88%. Results: The results showed that the dimensions and components can be classified into 5 main dimensions and 50. According to the main loads, the research model has good validity. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that this planning model can be considered as a continuous and dynamic process to improve employees and achieve organizational goals.
Predicting the job performance and job satisfaction of male teachers based on the psychological climate prevailing in the education organization
Authors: Binyaz Mojtaba , Azizzadeh Ruholah , Arefzadeh Firoz
Published: December 2023

Objective: Teaching can be very stressful, and teachers suffer more mental health problems than other workers. Job burnout occurs due to severe, continuous, and uncontrolled stress and when the work environment demands exceed the individual's abilities to adapt or succeed. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effectiveness of transactional analysis on job fatigue and job attachment of teachers working in education. Method: This research method was quasi-experimental and in the form of a pre-test-post-test design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of the current study included all teachers (teachers and principals) of Boyer Ahmad city, from among whom 30 people were selected randomly as a sample. They were randomly divided into two groups: experimental (15 people) and control (15 people). The experimental group was trained with a transactional analysis approach, and the control group received no intervention. A researcher-made job attachment questionnaire and Vodanovich & Kass (1990) job fatigue inventory were used to collect data. The analysis of variance through SPSS-24 statistical software was used to analyze the research data. Results: The results showed that the teaching approach based on Bern's transactional analysis was effective on the tendency of job fatigue and teachers' attachment (P<0.01). Conclusion: Considering that the present study has confirmed the positive effect of Bern's transactional analysis therapy on job fatigue and increasing personal growth, it is suggested to provide the possibility of using TA approach in career counseling centers.
Examining the attitude of graduates in relation to the factors hindering employment creation
Authors: Taghvaei Abolghasem
Published: December 2023

Objective: Unemployment is recognized as a fundamental problem in the society, especially among the graduates of the country's educational system. The aim of this research is to identify the factors preventing graduates from creating employment. Method: This research is applied with a survey-descriptive approach. The statistical population of this research was 180 graduates (both employed and unemployed) of public universities in Tehran, who were selected based on simple random sampling. After collecting the questionnaires, 150 questionnaires were returned. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS statistical software. Results: The most important factor preventing employment creation is the lack of government support with a mean of 4.31%. Also, the nature and obstacles of informing are in the next ranks of importance with a mean of 4.07% and 4.03%, respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, which was formed based on the examination of the attitude of the graduates regarding the factors preventing employment in this field, it shows that obstacles such as the lack of government support, the lack of proper training to earn money from professional skills, the nature, information obstacles and individual obstacles and family have a significant role in the lack of employment of graduates of this field. The results of the research show that appropriate training should be provided in the field of acquiring employment skills in order to change the society's view of the nature of the field. Also, the support of the government and more attention of those involved and policy makers will improve the unemployment situation of the graduates of this field.
Examining the relationship between creativity and resilience in predicting nurses' job satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Abdolmanafi Vahid , Shami Sirvan , Esmaili Koraneh Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Objective: Unemployment is recognized as a fundamental problem in the society, especially among the graduates of the country's educational system. The aim of this research is to identify the factors preventing graduates from creating employment. Thus, this research aimed to explain the relationship between creativity and resilience in predicting nurses' job satisfaction during the coronavirus epidemic. Method: The statistical population comprises nurses living in Tabriz city. The sample was selected according to available sampling and 228 people were counted using Cochran's formula. Ahvaz Hardiness Scale (1998), Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (1966) and Brayfield and Roth Job Satisfaction Scale (1951) where used to collect data. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression model. Results: The t-value for the fluidity, flexibility, originality, elaboration, and resilience, score is significant, (p<0.01) indicating the meaningful direct effect with Beta values of 0.322, 0.359, 0.511, 0.318, and -0.365, respectively. Conclusion: Creativity is associated with job satisfaction, and creativity development is a good predictor of job satisfaction, however, such a relationship is reversed for resilience, and resilience is a poor predictor of job satisfaction.
Investigating the Relationships Between Sustainable Management Activities, Technology Commercialization Capabilities, Sustainable Competitive Advantage and Market Performance: The Moderating Role of Supply Chain Impact
Authors: Zebarjad Kiarash , Rezaei Ghasem
Published: December 2023

Objective: In today's complex environment, designing strategies that can help them improve market performance is essential. Method: The research is applied in terms of methodology and the type of reasoning is deductive. Data collection is based on numerical information and questionnaires and is quantitative. The study's statistical population includes managers and experts of 11 major dairy companies located in Tehran and Fars provinces in Iran. Among the distributed questionnaires, 306 questionnaires were returned to the researcher. In order to investigate descriptive statistics and preprocessing, SPSS 26 software and Smart PLS 3 software have been used for data analysis and statistics. Structural equation modelling (SEM) method is used to test the relationships between variables. Results: The results showed that sustainable management activities, technology commercialization capabilities (TCC) and sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) positively and significantly affect market performance. Also, the impact of the supply chain positively adjusts the causal relationship between TCC and market performance. Conclusion: Considering that the mentioned model in the research has a good fit and improves the market performance and SCA of the company, it can be concluded that companies can increase the company's market performance by paying much attention to the components of sustainable management activities.
The effect of product market advertising on the risk of falling stock prices in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Authors: Khosroabadi Mostafa , Ashrafi Azadeh , Khodayari Faranak
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of product market advertising on the risk of falling stock prices in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Method: This research was of a descriptive type, and in terms of the purpose of the applied research, and in terms method of the descriptive-post-event research method. The statistical population consisted of managers and experts of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, 73 companies were selected as the research sample during the 5 years of 2018-2022 by systematic elimination method. In order to collect the required information, the research was based on the library data collection method. The research data has been collected from the published reports of the documents and documents by the companies admitted to the stock exchange by Rahavard Novin software. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics methods were used with EXCEL, SPSS, and EVIEWS software. Results: The results showed that product market advertising affects the risk of falling stock prices in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Also, the results showed that advertising costs, advertising intensity and advertising compression affect the risk of falling stock prices in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Conclusion: The results indicate that the research model is well-fitted and has a good meaning. Investors and stock market players should consider product market advertising as a factor influencing the risk of falling stock prices in order to make correct decisions.
Analisis Rasio Keuangan untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Pada Pt Summarecon Agung Tbk
Authors: Pratyka Yuniarti , Gumi Wiryawan Suputra
Published: December 2023

This study discusses the Analysis of Liquidity, Solvency, and Profitability Ratios to assess the Financial Performance of PT. Summarecon Agung Tbk. The purpose of this research is to know and analyze the financial performance at PT. Summarecon Agung Tbk. using the liquidity, solvency and profitability ratio method for the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative through measurement of financial performance measured by 3 ratio analysis, namely: 1) Liquidity ratios (Current Ratio and Quick Ratio), 2) Solvability ratios (Debt to Asset Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio), and 3 ) Profitability Ratios (Return On Assets and Return On Equity). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the assessment of the financial performance of PT. Summarecon Agung Tbk. In terms of the liquidity ratio in terms of the Current Ratio from 2018-2022 is quite good and in terms of the Quick Ratio from 2018- 2022 the company's condition is not good. Assessment of financial performance in terms of solvency ratios in terms of the Debt to Asset Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio from 2018- 2022 The company's condition is not good because it is above the company's industry standards. And the assessment of financial performance in terms of profitability ratios in terms of Return On Assets and Return On Equity from 2018-2022 is very poor.
Pengaruh Fasilitas dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan pada Grand Livio Hotel Bali
Authors: Juniasih Ida Ayu Komang , Suastama Ida Bagus Radendra , Ramadiputra I Gede Artha
Published: December 2023

Customer satisfaction for staying guests is very important in the hotel accommodation business. Every hotel is required to be able to guarantee customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is influenced by many factors including facilities and service quality. This study aims to determine the effect of facilities and service quality partially and simultaneously on customer satisfaction. The research population is Grand Livio Hotel Bali customers and the research sample is 100. The data analysis techniques used are Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, F Test, t Test and Coefficient of Determination Test. The results showed that facilities had a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction, service quality had a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction and simultaneously facilities and service quality had a significant effect on customer satisfaction. The magnitude of the influence of the variable facilities and service quality on customer satisfaction is 51.3%. Suggestions that can be given by researchers are that the Grand Livio Hotel should add hotel facilities that are still lacking, provide training to employees and provide facilities that suit consumer needs.
Ikonoklasten Paulus?
Authors: Lederballe Pedersen Thomas
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the first letter written by the apostle Paul, known as the First Letter to the Thessalonians (c. 50 CE), suggesting that by reading the letter as a document in the history of visuality as well as religious statement, it testifies to a dialectic within Paul’s theological anthropology. For the new Christians, Paul advocates the abolishment of cult images, which were ubiquitous in the Roman empire. But concurrent to his iconoclastic argument is an insistence on the members of the Thessalonian church taking on the role as religiously informed images themselves. Thereby, the letter shows Paul’s negative, iconoclastic attitude towards images being contradicted dialectically by the reemergence of an alternative type of image within the very same religious community instructed to disavow religious imagery. The article thus aims to situate the contents of the letter within the visual culture of the Roman empire, drawing on both textual evidence and images expressing the cultural patterns in question.
Det ludiske begær
Authors: Skinnebach Laura Katrine
Published: December 2023

Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (ca. 935-975), wrote and dramatized legends and plays revolving around the topic of carnal desire (negative) and how to fight it with faith (positive). This article argues that the performance of her plays created ludic play spaces in which the nuns and other potential participants could internalize both the experience of lust and the sweet pain of rejecting it.
“Et lille, firfodet Dyr og en Hovedløs mand”
Authors: Melballe Bonde Line
Published: December 2023

This article proposes a new approach to medieval imagery. By taking as a case a relief carving showing a disembodied head, a headless body, a horse and foliage, it argues that this seemingly unintelligible motif can be interpreted based on an approach where the human elements do not dictate the reading alone, as in previous analyses, but that non-human components carry a meaning-driving function as well. The article points out how scholarly approaches to pre-modern imagery, by definition, are culturally conditioned and rooted in the conceptual framework of modernity. It argues that the tendency to understand decapitations and public executions as unilaterally negative cannot be applied to the Middle Ages. Implementing instead a step-by-step shift in the interpretative perspective, the article reaches an understanding of the relief as a representation of a deconstructed anthropomorphic knightly identity where the man and the horse represent the Christian self-sacrificing death, literally and/or morally.
Dark Moon, Eternal Sunshine
Authors: Cyril Nørgaard Lars
Published: December 2023

This contribution focuses on frontispieces found in printed sermons from seventeen-century Denmark. It outlines some general features of the visual programs accomplished by Hans Andreas Greys. In such frontispieces, Greys elaborated complex strategies of visual exegesis. However, he also developed frontispieces that did not limit themselves to biblical themes. One engraving, prefacing a sermon of Jesper Rasmussen Brochmand, belongs to this second series of engravings. The contribution analyzes this specific image, detailing its visual distribution of elements before turning to its portrayal of grief. This portrait involves a complex strategy and engagement with the theological language-use of the sermon.
Processing the Raw
Authors: Sadan Ronah
Published: December 2023

In 1883, a late-medieval wall painting of the Last Judgment was discovered under white-wash in the vault of Sædinge Church in Lolland, Denmark, and then quickly covered up again. The painting depicted, in part, a hell scene deemed too offensive to display. A documentary drawing executed upon the painting’s uncovering contains within it the conflicted reception that this scandalous image received within the aesthetic and devotional context of the nineteenth century. Through this case of an image’s uncovering, documentation, and concealment, this article examines various understandings of negativity: as damnation, as aesthetic insufficiency, as devotional decadence, and finally, as absence.
The radius of thermal influence of the chambers of underground structures of the cryolithozone
Authors: Galkin Aleksandr , Pankov Vladimir Yur'evich , Fedorov Yan Vasil'evich
Published: December 2023

The subject of research is the underground structures of the cryolithozone (permafrost zones). The design of such structures, in particular the choice of space-planning solutions, methods and means of fastening rocks, unlike structures located not in frozen rocks, has a number of features and is associated with the need to take into account the zone of thermal influence of chambers operated with different thermal conditions constantly or periodically. For example, when changing the type of thermal regime in the chambers in cases of natural or man-made accidents and catastrophes. The purpose of the research was to determine the zone of thermal influence of a single chamber of an underground cryolithozone structure, depending on the type of fastening used (in the presence and absence of a thermal protective layer) and the duration of the operational period, using various calculation formulas. To achieve this goal, three types of formulas were studied that determine the dependence of the dimensionless radius of thermal influence of chambers on Fourier and Bio criteria. Multivariate calculations were performed using the formulas, which are presented in the form of 3D graphs. The analysis of the performed calculations showed that the calculations for all three formulas give similar results in a fairly wide range of changes in the initial parameters. Moreover, the formula, which does not take into account the influence of the Bio number on the radius of thermal influence, gives a certain calculated margin. In general, it is shown that the higher the value of the Bio number, the less its effect on the depth of the thermal influence zone of the underground chamber. Small values of the Bio number (up to 5-6) are typical for cameras that are fixed with sprayed concrete or have special heat-protective coatings.It is established that when choosing space-planning solutions for underground structures to assess the influence of the thermal factor, it is quite acceptable to use an approximate formula to estimate the radius of the thermal influence of a single chamber. The scientific novelty lies in establishing the scope of the studied formulas for predicting the radius of the zone of thermal influence of cameras with various types of fastening and thermal protection.
The objective world of Soviet everydaylife in illustrated books for children of the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Korvatskaya Elena Sergeevna
Published: December 2023

The topic of Soviet everyday life is quite popular in the scientific community. The children's publications themselves are still outside the scope of research practices in the field of studying the culture of everyday life. The article analyzes the subject world in the domestic book illustration of the late 1940s-1960s. The aim is to identify markers of the everyday culture of the Soviet city, in particular Leningrad. The boundaries of the study are publications issued during the specified time period and addressed to children and adolescents. The attention was given to books about the life of a Soviet child of the Leningrad branch of Detgiz publishing house. It is established that in the children's illustrated book of the 1940s-1960s, large objects that visually defined the boundaries of everyday life, as well as elementary things for the organization of everyday life, became objects of everyday culture more often. Small interior items that have a decorative function will appear to a greater extent by the 1960s, that is, the conditions and priorities in the formation of the life of a Soviet citizen will change, and a tendency to detail the world of everyday life is formed in the book illustration. In the course of the study, a group of artists was identified who paid great attention to the depiction of everyday objects, but the illustrators did not separately show the belonging of the plot and the created space to a certain locality. They created a collective image of the everyday life of the Soviet country. Therefore, in the book illustration of the late 1940s-1960s in the subject world of Leningrad, it is not yet possible to clearly distinguish the features of the «Leningrad style», but it is possible to reconstruct the daily life of a Soviet citizen
On a modification of $\underline{Set}(n)$
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Atanassov Krassimir T. , Sándor József ,   Department of Mathematics, Babes,-Bolyai University
Published: December 2023

A modification of the set $\underline{\rm Set}(n)$ for a fixed natural number $n$ is introduced in the form: $\underline{\rm Set}(n, f)$, where $f$ is an arithmetic function. The sets $\underline{\rm Set}(n,\varphi), \underline{\rm Set}(n,\psi), \underline{\rm Set}(n,\sigma)$ are discussed, where $\varphi, \psi$ and $\sigma$ are Euler's function, Dedekind's function and the sum of the positive divisors of $n$, respectively.
Identification of cytokine-induced cell communications by pan-cancer meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yining , Zhao Min , Qu Hong
Published: December 2023

Cancer immune responses are complex cellular processes in which cytokine–receptor interactions play central roles in cancer development and response to therapy; dysregulated cytokine–receptor communication may lead to pathological processes, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and cytokine storm; however, our knowledge regarding cytokine-mediated cell–cell communication (CCI) in different cancers remains limited. The present study presents a single-cell and pan-cancer-level transcriptomics integration of 41,900 cells across 25 cancer types. We developed a single-cell method to actively express 62 cytokine–receptor pairs to reveal stable cytokine-mediated cell communications involving 84 cytokines and receptors. The correlation between the sample-based CCI profile and the interactome analysis indicates multiple cytokine–receptor modules including TGFB1, IL16ST, IL15, and the PDGF family. Some isolated cytokine interactions, such as FN1–IL17RC, displayed diverse functions within over ten single-cell transcriptomics datasets. Further functional enrichment analysis revealed that the constructed cytokine–receptor interaction map is associated with the positive regulation of multiple immune response pathways. Using public TCGA pan-cancer mutational data, co-mutational analysis of the cytokines and receptors provided significant co-occurrence features, implying the existence of cooperative mechanisms. Analysis of 10,967 samples from 32 TCGA cancer types revealed that the 84 cytokine and receptor genes are significantly associated with clinical survival time. Interestingly, the tumor samples with mutations in any of the 84 cytokines and receptors have a substantially higher mutational burden, offering insights into antitumor immune regulation and response. Clinical cancer stage information revealed that tumor samples with mutations in any of the 84 cytokines and receptors stratify into earlier tumor stages, with unique cellular compositions and clinical outcomes. This study provides a comprehensive cytokine–receptor atlas of the cellular architecture in multiple cancers at the single-cell level.
Ground beetle assemblages inhabiting various age classes of Norway spruce stands in north-eastern Poland
Authors: Nietupski Mariusz , Kosewska Agnieszka , Ludwiczak Emilia
Published: December 2023

Assemblages of epigeic ground beetles living in Norway spruce forests in north-eastern Poland in three age ranges: young: 20–30 years (A); middle-aged: 40–50 years (B); old: 70–80 years (C) were investigated. In each age category, 4 plots with 5 Barber traps were set up. Ground beetle assemblages were compared in terms of their abundance, species richness, and the Shannon H’ index value. Quantitative ecological description of the carabids captured in the analysed age-classes of Norway spruce forests was performed, and the values of the mean individual biomass (MIB) were calculated. To determine the correlation between mean individual biomass and abundance of various ecological groups of carabid beetles, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was calculated. The assemblages of ground beetles living in the Norway spruce forests in north-eastern Poland were characterised by quite large species richness (44 species in total). There were significant differences in species richness among the different ages of Norway spruce forests. The oldest Norway spruce stands (70–80 years old) had a smaller number of species and specimens of ground beetles as well as the highest MIB values in comparison with the younger spruce forests A and B. The results revealed that high MIB values were positively correlated with the presence of large ground beetle species with higher moisture requirements. Lower values of the MIB index were due to the presence of smaller open habitat macropterous species, with the spring type of breeding and associated with open areas.
An Analysis of the Challenges Faced by Small Scale Backyard Chicken Farmers of Dhemaji District of Assam
Authors: Saikia Ashim Kumar , Gogoi G. , Pathak P. , Neog M. , Saikia A.
Published: December 2023

Aims: The present study was conducted to know the challenges faced by the small scale backyard chicken farmers of Dhemaji district of Assam.

Study Design: The data obtained on various challenges faced by the farmers under the study were tabulated and analyzed statistically by using Garrett’s Ranking Technique.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dhemaji, Assam Agricultural University, Simen Chapori, Dhemaji, Assam during the year, 2020-21.

Methodology: For the purpose, a questionnaire was prepared for surveying and data were collected about various challenges in backyard chicken rearing faced by the farmers of the district. The farmers were asked to identify the challenges he or she and the fellow farmers of their villages faced with respect to rearing of local chickens in their locality and to rank the challenges from 1 to 20 according to the seriousness of the challenges faced by them.

Results: Lack of suitable germplasm was found to be the major challenge of poultry farmers with mean score of 74.89 and ranked first among the constraints in backyard chicken rearing. Higher incidence of diseases (68.95), unavailability of feed and feed ingredients (66.55) and mortality of young chicks (63.00) were ranked second, third and fourth major challenges, respectively. On the other hand, non availability of vaccine, higher cost of feeds and feed ingredients, lack of extension training or service, high cost of farm equipments were ranked fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth, respectively, as challenges in backyard chicken rearing. Lack of organized marketing facilities, lack of knowledge on scientific poultry farming, high cost of chicks, presence of middle man, higher mortality during brooding period, inability to diagnose sick birds, inadequate veterinary facilities, seasonal price fluctuations, high cost of medicaments, lack of credit facilities, social problems like damaging of the standing crops by the birds and complaint by neighbours, loss of birds due to predators or thieves were some other constraints of lower importance as indicated by the respondents for the backyard chicken farmers surveyed during the study.

Conclusion: From the study, it can be concluded that the small scale backyard poultry farmers of Dhemaji district of Assam have a lot many challenges in chicken rearing in village conditions, the major being the lack of suitable germplasm and higher incidence of diseases. To address such problems there should be proper initiatives from government level as well as in farmers’ collaborative approach to introduce some newly developed improved chicken breeds and awareness about proper disease prevention and bio-security measures and creation of other facilities.
Reflection on Implementing Geometric Intuition in the Junior High School Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Li Renhan , Yang Zezhong
Published: December 2023

As one of the core literacies emphasized in the Mathematics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition), geometric intuition has been widely valued in the current junior high school mathematics teaching. Based on the method of theoretical analysis, this paper analyzes the connotation of geometric intuition literacy combines it with the practice of current mathematics classroom teaching, and proposes four implementation strategies for geometric intuition literacy in junior high school mathematics classrooms, which are as follows: 1. Add operational practice to classroom teaching; 2. Provide thematic courses related to ruler drawing; 3. Reasonable use of modern educational technology to assist classroom teaching; 4. Organize special questions about charts to practice with students. These strategies can be used for reference by junior high school mathematics teachers in practical teaching.
Serological Survey of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (Sars-Cov-2) among Frontline Health Workers in Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Haladu Halima , Oloyede Taiwo Wulemot , Sanda Abdallah , Abdullahi Naimat A. T. , Medinat Suleiman , Umar Suleiman Jemila , Habibu Raliyatu Aliyu , Mashi Mujittaba Isyaku , Salisu Ibrahim , Mohammed Idris , Mohammed Suleiman Bello , Hakeem Gbadamosi , Bashir Ibrahim , Oloyede Taofeek
Published: December 2023

Background: Serological testing of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG/IgM antibodies is an important complement to Real Time-PCR (RT-PCR) for surveillance and outbreak investigations. The study therefore aimed to assess the serological survey of SARS-COV-2 among frontline health workers using specific IgG/IgM antibodies.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain biodata. Rapid diagnostic test kits were used for the study in which samples reacted with COVID-19 antigen-coated particles in the test cassette and the complex formed produced readable bands indicating the presence of SARS-COV19 in the tested subject. Data obtained were analyzed using Stata v15.

Results: The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among the study sample was 39.0% and 14.9% for IgG and IgM respectively. Prevalence was highest in the outpatient department (IgG; 70.0%, IgM; 17.1%). IgG positivity was observed more among doctors while positivity for IgG was seen in 78.6% of persons with previous diagnoses. IgM was significantly associated with contact with patients having shortness of breath, p-value < 0.05.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high level of SARS-COV19 IgG indicating past infection and IgM suggesting recent exposure or ongoing infection among this group of workers compared to others within the hospital settings. The role of serological testing cannot be over-emphasized in the periodic screening and prompt treatment of health workers before they manifest symptoms or become capable of spreading the disease to innocent patients and or co-health workers.
Evaluation of the Impact of Herbicidal Weed Management Practices on Weed Density, Yield Attributes and Yield of Irrigated Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Gairola Ananya , Kumar Satish , Kumar Pawan , Jyoti  , Prajapati Sunil Kumar , Kumar Vipin
Published: December 2023

In the Rabi season of 2021-22, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Research Farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University in Hisar. The aim was to examine how herbicidal weed management affects irrigated chickpea. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design (RBD) with thirteen treatments, each repeated three times. The treatments included various herbicides applied at different stages, such as pre-plant incorporation (PPI), pre-emergence (PRE), and post-emergence (POE). Interestingly, the Ready mix (RM) herbicide application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM) @ 1000 g a.i ha-1, applied both as PPI and PRE, outperformed the herbicides applied solely as PPI, PRE, or POE. Among the herbicidal treatments, the combined during PPI and PRE stages exhibited excellent control over a diverse weed population, leading to a significant increase in chickpea yield compared to the weedy check. The number of seeds per pod, pods per plant, and branches per plant varied significantly with different weed control treatments. Weed-free plots showed the highest values in these parameters. The uncontrolled growth of weeds in the weedy check resulted in a 55.2% reduction in seed yield as compared to weed-free plots. The maximum seed yield (1968 kg ha-1) and favorable yield attributes were observed in the weed- free treatment, statistically comparable to the yield obtained from two hand weeding at 30 and 50 days after sowing (1940 kg ha-1). Among herbicidal treatments, the highest seed yield was achieved with the PRE application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM) @ 1000 g a.i. ha-1 (1827 kg ha-1). The dominant weed flora consisted of Chenopodium album, Fumaria parviflora and Anagallis arvensis. Density of different weed species was significantly influenced by different weed control treatments. All the weed control treatments significantly reduced the total weed density and dry matter accumulation by weeds in comparison to weedy check. Weed free and two hand hoeing reduced the weed population drastically which was statistically at par with PRE application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM) at 1000 g a.i. ha-1. Chenopodium album, Fumaria parviflora and Anagallis arvensis were effectively controlled by RM irrespective of its time of application.
Buckwheat: An Advancing Crop for Future Generations
Authors: Ashoka, P.  , Tripathi Gagan , Panotra Narinder , Sachan Prashun , Singh Prachi , Awadhiya Prachi , Singh Rashpal , Pathania Deepak
Published: December 2023

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) stands as a versatile and widely cultivated crop with a rich history of utilization across the globe. Conversely, Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) finds its primary niche in China, where it is cultivated and consumed. Both varieties contribute significantly to global agriculture, providing essential food items in the form of grains and flour. Common buckwheat, known for its adaptability, is often grown in diverse climates and geographical regions. It is raised in short seasons, making it a suitable candidate as a second crop, complementing other primary crops in a rotation system. Its adaptability and versatility have earned it the reputation of being one of the most reliable summer season crops. Beyond its nutritional contributions, buckwheat possesses a fundamental prophylactic property crucial for human health – antioxidant activity. This property gives rise to a variety of essential biological functions, including antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antiaging effects. The antioxidant content in buckwheat makes it a valuable dietary inclusion, supporting overall well-being and disease prevention. Recent studies have delved into the molecular basis of buckwheat products, exploring their technological and textural characteristics. This research not only enhances our understanding of the composition and quality of buckwheat-based foods but also opens doors to broader applications in future generations. The knowledge gained from these studies may lead to the development of improved buckwheat varieties and innovative food products with enhanced nutritional profiles.
Role of Salicylic Acid in Mitigating Stress and Improving Productivity of Crops
Authors: Chauhan Aman Pratap Singh , Yadav Sushil Kumar , Parihar Chitrangda , Sharma Sweta , Kushwah Nishita , Bagri Uma Shankar
Published: December 2023

Salicylic acid (SA) is a pivotal plant hormone known for its significant contributions to crop stress mitigation and productivity enhancement. This review provides an in-depth analysis of SA's role in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, shedding light on its diverse mechanisms of action. SA's positive impact on crop yield is explored, offering promising prospects for sustainable agriculture. The molecular pathways and biochemical underpinnings of SA-mediated stress alleviation are examined, offering insights into the intricate networks governing these processes. Additionally, the review discusses practical applications and potential challenges associated with integrating SA into agricultural practices. In a rapidly changing agricultural landscape, understanding the potential of SA to optimize crop productivity and combat stressors is paramount. The review underscores SA's promise as a key player in sustainable agriculture and outlines future research directions. This abstract provides a concise overview of the key points covered in your review article on the role of salicylic acid in crop stress mitigation and productivity enhancement.
The Need to Use Translation Software in the Classroom: Perception of Chinese International Engineering College Students in Language Learning
Authors: Yang Yichen , Sun Hao , Wan Yuncheng , Ma Mingyang , Cao Taiji , Huang Yizhe , Estigoy Edison
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyze students' perception and usage of translation software for language learning. A survey questionnaire was administered to International Engineering College students to gather data on their attitudes, reasons, and experiences related to using translation software. The findings reveal that a significant number of students agree to strongly agree with the use of translation software in various language learning contexts, such as translating simple sentences, long paragraphs, unfamiliar words, and during English classes. The majority of students perceive translation software as a valuable tool for improving language skills and facilitating communication with foreign teachers. However, some students also express dissenting opinions, suggesting that translation software may not be the optimal method for learning and improving English proficiency. The discussion highlights the benefits and limitations of translation software, as well as the need for a balanced approach to its usage. While translation software can be a helpful resource in specific language learning tasks, it should not replace authentic language input and independent learning. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating translation software into language learning curricula and providing guidance to students on effective and critical use. This study contributes to the understanding of students' perceptions of translation software and provides insights for educators and learners on maximizing its potential for language learning.