bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corrective and Development Work of Teachers with Young Children With Disorders of Speech in the Process of Forming their Communicative Skills
Authors: Matveieva Nataliia
Published: April 2020

The article describes the peculiarities of the teacher's activity in the process of correction of speech disorders of younger students and their overall development. Various approaches of scientists to the content of communicative activity of a person are described, its components are defined, the stages and components of the process of formation of communicative skills of younger students with speech disorders are outlined. Emphasis is placed on the need to differentiate the concepts of “communicative competence”. The author states that the development of communication skills of younger students with speech impairment is the main task not only of speech therapist, school psychologist, but also of the team of specialists of the educational institution. It is substantiated that the development of communication, speaking and communication skills is one of the prerequisites for comprehensive personality development.
Bringing Together Psychology and Peace: A Critique towards the Emancipatory Potential of Peace Psychology
Authors: Pereira Soares Mónica Catarina , Sá Caetano Ana Margarida , Reis Barbosa Mariana
Published: April 2020

Historically, psychology has been deeply associated with the defense and active normalization of conflicts, war, and established social orders. For instance, it is well-known that one of the most important grounds for the legitimacy of psychology as a scientific discipline depended on psychologists’ work done during the First and Second World Wars. At those times, and perhaps in a culturally biased way, psychological tests for military selection and practical models to treat war-related problems were widely employed. Psychology gained a practical terrain for professionalization for both clinical and social psychologists within such context. However, psychology has also been used on behalf of emancipation, and not always in the field of conflicts, war, and oppression. One of the most interesting critical movements which has tried to move psychology into an emancipatory realm has been Peace Psychology. In general, this discipline has been open to framing, discussing, and participating actively in interventions developed in the name of peace and human rights. In accordance, in this paper, we seek to capture a) the historical development of peace psychology; b) the establishment of peace psychology as a field of psychology and of peace studies; and c) some reflections upon the omnipresent challenges and possible co-options that may shape the emblematic critical engagement of this discipline.
La metáfora de la corporalidad en la guerra como dispositivo resiliente
Authors: Villamil Benavides Angélica María , Galindo Ubaque Adrián David
Published: April 2020

Con la presente investigación-intervención se busca observar el conflicto armado colombiano desde la interpretación del excombatiente en su componente psicológico. En este sentido, se propone comprender la construcción narrativa de la resiliencia en relación con la corporalidad e identidad en un excombatiente de la guerrilla de las Farc-ep desde el marco del conflicto armado en Colombia, reconociendo la militancia del participante. A nivel metodológico se llevaron a cabo escenarios conversacionales y sensoriales que organizaron la narrativa como herramienta vital, de manera que se configuró y dinamizó el proceso y la transición en el contexto investigativo e interventivo. Este último contexto favoreció el proceso de resiliencia a través del relato emergente; luego, se retroalimentó con el modelo teórico para crear escenarios y estrategias que facilitaron el desarrollo del encuentro. Como resultado, se construyeron metáforas y reflexiones sobre la experiencia vital, el sentido del equilibrio como figura de la salud mental, el relato de la herida de guerra que enmarca la corporalidad en el proceso resiliente y el vínculo familiar con el grupo armado.
La construcción de paz a través de la consolidación del conocimiento biológico y territorial
Authors: Castro Romero Jair Hernando , Sanabria Ospina Edwin Alexander
Published: April 2020

Las sociedades se caracterizan por la construcción de conocimiento colectivo, su manutención y control territorial. La sociedad colombiana está acompañada de una gran biodiversidad, representada en más de 80 tipos de ecosistemas, con cerca del 10 % de la diversidad biológica mundial. Paralelamente, esta también es el modelo económico extractivista y los conflictos socioambientales de nivel local y nacional. Por más de 50 años se desencadenó una guerra armada, que ocasionó pérdidas humanas, culturales y ambientales. Finalmente, el gobierno de Juan Manuel Santos (2010-2018) y las Farc firmaron un acuerdo de paz que toca tangencialmente problemas socioambientales. En este contexto, es necesario promover la sostenibilidad de una ciudadanía que se relacione pacíficamente con el territorio, sus recursos y medios de producción. El presente artículo aborta tres ejes de cuestionamiento: i) ¿cuáles son los lineamientos educativos en los programas de ciencias biológicas?, ii) ¿qué profesiones integran el debate ambiental en Colombia?, y iii) ¿las temáticas tratadas en aula tienen pertinencia con la realidad actual y contribuyen críticamente con el posconflicto? Para resolverlas, se adelantó una búsqueda de los programas reportados en el Sistema Nacional de Instituciones de Educación Superior (snies), de la que se encontraron 250 programas. Extensivamente, cada uno de estos cuenta con amplia formación a nivel disciplinar, pero carece de disciplinas que fomenten la construcción colectiva, interdisciplinar y crítica. En este sentido, el Estado colombiano se encuentra en una etapa diferencial de su historia y los programas académicos no se han transformado para converger en esas nuevas realidades. Debe orientarse la promoción de profesionales que promuevan la paz como una política transversal que se integre a la enseñanza de las ciencias biológicas en la realidad sociopolítica del país y también debe incluirse en la oferta de nuevos programas de posgrado.
КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЬ РИНКУ БАНКІВСЬКИХ ПОСЛУГ УКРАЇНИ: ФАКТОР МАСШТАБУ (закінчення)
Authors: ШИРІНЯН Арам , ШИРІНЯН Лада
Published: April 2020

Потреба ефективного розвитку українського ринку банківських послуг в умовах експансії іноземного капіталу та міжнародних правил ведення бізнесу вимагає наявності конкурентних переваг національних постачальників банківських послуг. У цьому контексті та з позицій євроінтеграційних процесів в економіці України актуальною стає розробка сучасного інструментарію пруденційного нагляду з боку вповноважених органів.Уперше визначено та проаналізовано поняття конкурентоспроможності ринку банківських послуг з позицій оцінки і порівняння всіх показників ринку однієї країни із сукупністю показників відповідних ринків інших країн світу.Розроблено нову уніфіковану методику комплексної оцінки конкурентоспроможності ринку банківських послуг, що базується на системі кількісних оцінок і критеріїв. Представлене дослідження охоплює такі пункти аналізу ринку: територіальні межі, місткість і масштаби; щільність і компактність банків та філій; відкритість ринку; місткість і важливість послуг; щільність доходів і послуг на ринку; бар’єри входження на ринок та виходу з нього; межі капіталізації банків; рівень розвитку інноваційних послуг.Апробовано підхід у частині аналізу фактора масштабу ринку банківських послуг України для 2007–2017 рр. Здійснено співставлення кількісних показників українського ринку банківських послуг з відповідними показниками для ринків порівнянних країн єврозони та світу і визначено місце українського ринку банківських послуг на міжнародному рівні. Таке порівняння реалізовано в розрізі ринків країн з розвинутою і перехідною економіками.З’ясовано, що на світовому рівні та в межах єврозони ринок банківських послуг України відповідає малому масштабу; існують неоднорідність і диспропорційність послуг усередині країни; вплив резидентів та іноземних власників банків є приблизно рівним; ринок має високі бар’єри входження і перебуває на стадії початку цифрової революції. Аргументовано, що банкрутство найбільшого банку буде відчутним для українського банківського сектору, але не руйнівним для фінансової системи України.
Near Resonant Optical Absorption by a System Coupled with Two Laser Beams
Authors: Sizhuk A. S. , Dong G.
Published: April 2020

The structure of a solution of the generalized Maxwell–Bloch system of equations describing the strongly pumped interacting two-level atoms is discussed. This structure is represented by means of the corresponding differential equations for each contributing process. The interaction between the processes is introduced through the interaction integral and is illustrated by the specific system of graphs. The method allows one to describe the quantum-field-induced long-range interaction prevailing over short-range collisions and causing the broadening, narrowing, and shifts of an absorption line shape. The description is given in terms of the interaction integrals which couple the collective atomic polarization and population inversion. The contributions from different effects are analyzed with the use of the additivity of the corresponding absorption/reemission rates.
How Laser Physics Brought Optics to the World of Photonic Crystals
Authors: Ilchyshyn I. P. , Tikhonov E. A.
Published: April 2020

A brief review of authors’ research is presented. An emphasis is made on the photon localization in the helical structure of a chiral liquid crystal (CLC), which was first experimentally registered by the authors. An analysis of the spectral and lasing characteristics of distributed feedback (DF) lasers based on natural CLCs (type 1) and on chiral nematics (type 2) led to a conclusion that the model of photonic crystal is suitable to describe the lasing mechanism in type-2 CLC lasers, but not in type-1 ones. This conclusion is evidenced by the absence of lasing bands at the opposite edges of the selective reflection (SR) band; at the same time, the lasing line is located at its center. It is shown that if the SR band of the CLC overlaps the maximum of the laser dye fluorescence band, the lasing line coincides with the SR band center to an error of ±1 nm. If the layer thickness in the CLC lasers of both types does not exceed 50 мm, when a high-quality planar texture is retained and a low generation threshold is achieved, a significant difference between their optical characteristics takes place. Namely, the SR spectrum for a type-1 CLC laser is approximately described by a Lorentzian profile, whereas the contour of the SR spectrum for a type-2 CLC laser has a profile characteristic of the transmittance through multilayer dielectric mirrors. The origins of the differences between the optical and laser characteristics of the CLC lasers of both types have been analyzed from the viewpoint of two lasing models: DF and photonic-crystal ones.
Precision Medicine in Interventional Cardiology
Authors: Hokken Thijmen W , Ribeiro Joana M , De Jaegere Peter P , Van Mieghem Nicolas M
Published: April 2020

Precision medicine has recently become widely advocated. It revolves around the individual patient, taking into account genetic, biomarker, phenotypic or psychosocial characteristics and uses biological, mechanical and/or personal variables to optimise individual therapy. In silico testing, such as the Virtual Physiological Human project, is being promoted to predict risk and to test treatments and medical devices. It combines artificial intelligence and computational modelling to select the best therapeutic option for the individual patient.
Specificity of genetic nature and classification characteristics of Zmiiny Island chernozem soils
Authors: Bilanchyn Yaroslav M. , Leonidova Irуna V. , Bulysheva Darya V.
Published: April 2020

Even the first researchers of the nature of the small (20.5 hectares) rocky Zmiiny Island in the northwestern Black Sea region visually diagnosed the soil there with black earth. Since 2003, the staff of the Department of Soil Science and Soil Geography of the Odessa National University named by I.U.Mechnikov ONU began the study of factors and processes of soil formation, soils and soil cover of Zmiiny Island territory. It was found out that on the inter-rocky areas of the island un- der the steppe grassy vegetation on the gravelly-stony eluvium or eluvium-deluvium of dense rocks formed unusually high humus (up to 14-18%) undeveloped and short-profile chernozem soils. However, the diagnostic and classification of these soils remains unclear. The purpose is to characterize the specificity of the genetic nature of the island soils and to determine their diagnostic and classification affiliation, including the World Reference Base for Soil Resources WRB.The materials presented in this article are obtained as a result of our extensive fieldwork and laboratory analysis, research and mapping of soils and soil cover of Zmiiny Island with the application of methodological principles of the process-genetic paradigm.Chernozem soils on the island are formed on a low-strength (25-40, up to 50 cm) rocky-gravelly crust of weathering of dense acidic rocks under the cover of almost virgin steppe herbaceous vegetation and year-round salting from the sea, mainly chlorides and Na sulfates. The soils are short-profile, typical chernozem humus-accumulative type with typical for the chernozem profile genetic horizons, gravel-stony, non-carbonate, almost non-structural, acidic, varyingly saline and solonetinous, but without solonets-ileuvial profile differentiation. The humus content in the upper horizons is very high (10-12, up to 15-18%), it is typical of the chernozem composition of the Chumic acid : Сfulvic acid (2,5-3,3), but with a sharp dominance of the HA-1 fraction (70% and more) and very low content (1-2, up to 3-4%) or lack of typical chernozem HA-2fraction. It is established that there is a tendency to an irreversible constant increase of the chernozem properties and characteristics in soils as the bioproductivity of herbal vegetation increases.For the first time their diagnostic and classification dependence on the system of both domestic and World WRB soil classifications has been determined. The WRB system proposes to refer these soils to the Phaeozem abstract group, with clarification of the classifiers Leptic and Skeletic. The work is practically significant in terms of the integration the Ukrainian soil science in the system of the current international standard of soil classification WRB.
The regional nosogeographical analysis and factors affecting population respiratory morbidity (on example of the Sumy region, Ukraine)
Authors: Kornus Anatolii O. , Kornus Olesia H. , Shyshchuk Volodymyr D. , Potseluev Volodymyr I.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to consideration of the spatial-temporal structure of the primary morbidity and prevalence of the respiratory organs diseases among the population of the Sumy region. The article based on the data of annual statistical reports of medical institutions of Sumy region, which are subordinate to the Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine. The article used the methods of factor and correlation analysis, as well as methods of mathematical-statistical analysis, and ranking. The authors analyzed the spatial-temporal structure of respiratory organs pathology among the population and revealed the territorial differences and the dynamics of respiratory morbidity of the population. Nosogeographic assessment of territory of the Sumy region, which was carried out according to the integral respiratory diseases morbidity index (IMI), shows that today the highest values of IMI are obtained by analyzing the incidence rate in Putyvl’ (1.01), Krasnopillia (1.02), Konotop (1.11), Buryn’ (1.32) districts and in the city of Sumy (1.15). These are the districts where the incidence rate of respiratory diseases among the population has increased most of all during the study period. Low values of IMI are noted in Lypova Dolyna (0.63), Seredyna Buda (0.71), Velyka Pysarivka (0.72) and Nedryhailiv (0.79) districts. The higher is the IMI value, the worse the health level of the population. The average index storage respiratory diseases (ISD) in the Sumy region in 2017 was 1.27, with polarization ISD value in some areas from 1.19 in Shostka, 1.22 in Konotop, 1.23 in Yampil’ and Trostianets regions to 1.39 in Lebedyn, 1.42 in Romny and 1.61 in the Seredyna Buda districts. This indicates the predomination of chronic forms of diseases over acute ones and can be explained by the influence of environmental and socio-economic factors. It also points to the need to increase of attention of both the regional and state components of the health care system. Besides that, the issues of providing financial and human resources for the health care system in districts with high incidence rates of respiratory pathology require attention. The study of the primary morbidity and the prevalence of respiratory diseases trends is a prerequisite for the development of preventive measures in the Sumy region. They are also needed to assess the quality of medical care for residents who have the pulmonary diseases. The factor analysis results are confirmed the importance of environmental and technogenic factors in formation of the indicators of primary morbidity and prevalence of respiratory diseases among the residents of the Sumy region.
The Late Cretaceous phosphatized ichnofauna fossils from the Eocene basal horizon of the Middle Dnieper area
Authors: Mienasova Anhelyna S. , Krochak Maryna D. , Ogienko Oleh S.
Published: April 2020

The object of our study was phosphated remains of ichnofaunas from the basal horizon of the Kanivska suite (Eocene), which transgressively onlaps here the eroded top of the Burimska suite. The goal of the research was to reconstruct some sedimentation features of the final stages of the Late Cretaceous basin’s existence and during of the Early Eocene transgression on the Middle Dnieper area (Ukraine). The specimens of the basal horizon of the Kanivska suite (Р2kn) were sampled from the outcrops in the Melanchin Potik gulley and in a branch of the Glyadovy gulley. It is a complex of rough-medium grained gravel sandstones with shark teeth, fish bone fragments, detritus of Bivalvia and Brachiopoda. The nature of preservation and arrangement suggests that the fossils were relocated. The sample from the Glyadovy gulley is an agglomeration of phosphatized debris of various types of ichnofauna, cemented with a phosphate and sand substrate. The first type, in our opinion, is a fragment of a burrow nucleus of a crayfishlike decapod Thalassinoides Ehrenberg ichnogenus, as indicated by the surface , absence of a constructed wall and its size. The phosphorite features of the second type are cores of the burrows of the Ophiomorpha Lundgren genus with a characteristic ophiomorphic sculpture in the form of knobbles on the outer surface. The structures of the second type have certain differences in the distribution and nature of phosphate material. The described cores are interpreted as domichnia: dwelling places of fossil fauna. They were not known earlier within the Middle Dnieper area. The animals constructed a system of void ducts in the well ventilated middle ichnofossil layer with depth up to 60 cm (as can be inferred from the diameter of Thalassinoides). Although crayfish burrows can be present in any formation, it is generally thought that they are more specific for the littoral and shallow water environments. Based on the fauna composition and the phosphated debris preservation, we can assume the age of ichnofaunas is Late Cretaceous. An indirect indication of this can be the bones and teeth of Cretaceous vertebrates, found in the same basal layer, in particular, ichthyosaurus genus (Platypterygius sp.) and a phosphate concretion with ammonite remnants. Besides phosphatized ichnofauna debris, the basal level contains black odd-shaped nodules and microconcretions, composed of amorphous phosphate minerals. They contain a considerable amount of microscopic fossils of presumably phytoorganic nature and fragments of undeterrmined groups. From the fact that the phosphate material is not completely decrystallized, and that some microfossils have their initial composition, we infer that they belong to the Early Eocene.
Geoecological problems of decentralization (on Ternopol region materials)
Authors: Tsaryk Lyubomyr P. , Yankovs’ka Lyubov V. , Tsaryk Petro L. , Novyts’ka Svitlana R. , Kuzyk Ihor R.
Published: April 2020

The objective of the article is to study the essential geoecological problems of Ukrainian associated territorial communities. The necessity of implementation of effective environmental management, through introduction of an official responsible for improvement, ecology and sustainable development of the associated territorial communities in the administrative apparatus of communities is substantiated.The decentralization reform created a considerable potential for development of the local communities. The transmission of significant financial resources and powers provided the preconditions for the formation of competent associated communities. It was discovered during the study that despite of significant advantages of new administrative units, managerial approaches to the use and preservation of natural resources had not changed. Administration of forest, water, mineral and land resources is further carried out from the center. Practically no one cares about the main ecological problems, communities are drowning in wastes, using water polluted municipal waste with agrochemicals, and the last hectares of forests are being cut down and used as energy resources. In context of sustainable development, the priority issues to be solved for 38% of the communities in Ternopil region are the issues of an ecological nature the issues of an economic nature are priority for 34% of communities and the issue of the social nature – of 28% of comminities. In Ternopil region, as in one of the leaders in decentralization reform, 78% of community leaders consider high-quality water supply to be much more important than availability of cooperative or lighting of the streets. The most actual in regional communities are issues concerning sorting and utilization of wastes, lack of treatment facilities and an outdated drainage system.The article proposes amendments to the Article 19 of the Law of Ukraine «On Environmental Protection», regarding the extension of powers of village, settlement, city councils as well as associated territorial communities in the field of Environmental protection. The necessity of introduction the position of ecologist responsible for improvement, ecology and sustainable development of the community is substantiated. His duties are the following: monitoring of components of the environment; struggle with the illegal landfills, regulation of processes of economical nature management; optimization of land use; control of rational water use, preparation of a submission for the creation of new protected objects of local importance; creation of recreational and green zones.
Cyber-physical platform development and implementation for industry 4.0
Authors: Szász Csaba
Published: April 2020

Industry 4.0 is referred as the fourth industrial revolution that represents the information intensive transformation of industrial automation and manufacturing processes. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are building blocks in Industry 4.0 and part of the Industry 4.0 vision. This paper presents a cyber-physical platform development and implementation strategy for Industry 4.0 applications. It has been considered a cyber-physical platform model (CPP) built upon hardware reconfigurable technology based on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) processor framework. The development strategy exploits the full benefits enabled by reconfigurable hardware, such as scalability of complex systems, platform-based design approach, adaptive processing, real-time constrains management, or high performance prototyping capabilities. The implemented experimental setup also combines major advantages of both the hardware and software platform-based design trends in Industry 4.0. In this endeavor, the used software toolkit comprises the entire system complexity as a high performance integration layer. The presented design method and implementation strategy can serve as rough orientation for future CPS research and development activities.
Steven johnson syndrome induce by carbamazepine in epileptic patient: a case report
Authors: Pramita Nyoman Yoga Maya , Sudarsa Prima Saraswati Sanjiwani , Nukana Ratih Purnamasari
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is life-threatening skin reaction, it is a mucocutaneous disorder induced by immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. Most frequent offending agents are antibiotic, antiretroviral and aromatic anticonvulsants. Problems arise when these drugs are required for long-term use and necessary for several health conditions. These case series aim to describe SJS and provide replacement therapy especially inpatient with epilepsy.Case report: A 37 years old female was consulted from neurology department with chief complaints an erythematous rash on her chest, back upper and lower extremities accompanied with fever, the patient also complaint erosions on her lips. She had history of seizure and was prescribe Carbamazepine. Carbamazepine was replaced and patient treated with dexamethasone intravenously. After 1 week of admitted there is an improvement.Conclusion: Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is a life-threatening disease, the replacement of the suspected drugs and appropriate therapy can improve the prognosis of patient.
High plasma dopamine level as a risk factor for atopic dermatitis
Authors: Adiguna Made Swastika , Wardhana Made , Limbara Ermon Naftali
Published: April 2020

Background: Dopamine is responsible for inflammatory response and plays a role in the skin immune system by modulating T-cells, dendritic cells, and keratinocytes which increases skin inflammatory response in atopic dermatitis (AD). Elevation of dopamine level will affect IL-6, IL-8, IL-23, Th-17, and TNF-α, which promotes keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, infiltration of inflammatory cells, angiogenesis, vasodilation, and skin barrier disruption on AD.Objective: This study aimed to establish whether the increase of plasma dopamine level contributes to a risk factor for AD occurrence.Methods: This is a matched-pair case-control observational analytical study which involves patients with AD and without AD as control. Samples were taken using a consecutive sampling method which fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria, matched for gender and age. Plasma dopamine level was measured from venous blood and processed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The collected data were then analysed using SPSS version 20.0 with Pearson chi-square test for the odds ratio.Results: A total of 30 samples with AD (case group) and 30 samples without AD (control group) involved in this study. This study proves that plasma dopamine levels in the case group were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). Odds ratio for plasma dopamine was 42.2 (95%CI: 9.5-187.2, p < 0.001).Conclusion: This study concludes that high plasma dopamine level is a risk factor for AD.
High plasma H2O2 level and low plasma catalase level as risk factors for acne vulgaris
Authors: Wiraguna Anak Agung Gde Putra , Wardhana Made , Maharani Made Kusuma Dewi
Published: April 2020

Background: In this recent time, ROS and oxidative stress have been said to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflamed acne lesions. One example of ROS produced by neutrophil through phagocytosis is H2O2. Nevertheless, there is an enzymatic antioxidant which catalyses H2O2 called catalase. Imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants due to excessive ROS formation promotes the state of oxidative stress and inflammation of the acne lesion.Objective: This study aimed to determine plasma H2O2 and catalase level as a risk factor for acne.Methods: This matched-pair case-control observational analytic study involving 38 patients with acne and 38 patients without acne. Sampling was done using consecutive sampling which fulfils the inclusion and exclusion criteria and followed by matching with age and gender. H2O2 and catalase level measured on both groups. The analysis was done using SPSS.Results: H2O2 mean level in the case and control group, respectively 0.68 ± 0.03 and 0.42 ± 0.04 µmol/ml. High H2O2 level was determined from cut-off point >0.62 µmol/ml. High H2O2 was a statistically significant risk factor for acne vulgaris (p<0.001; 95% CI: 4.59-40.62; OR: 13.67). The mean level of catalase in the case and control group respectively 0.48 ± 0.06 and 0.74 ± 0.07 U/ml. Low catalase level was determined from the cut-off point <0.58 U/ml. Catalase was significant risk factor for acne vulgaris (p<0.001; 95% CI: 5.18-77.21; OR: 20.00).Conclusion: High levels of H2O2 plasma and low levels of catalase plasma is a risk factor of acne vulgaris.
Preeclampsia management: different insight from hospital to hospital approach in Indonesia
Authors: Liwang Firdy , Bhargah Agha
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The incidence of preeclampsia quite high and can cause high morbidity and mortality rates for pregnant women thereby preeclampsia is still a problem experienced worldwide. Preeclampsia in Indonesia still gives a frightening impression for both the mother and the fetus. The key to success in the treatment of preeclampsia is prevention and adequate therapy to reduce morbidity and mortality. Indonesia itself, which is an archipelagic country resulting in far apart geographical location between one central hospital to another central hospital that will cause some differences related to the treatment of preeclampsia itself.Aim: The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the different approaches to handling preeclampsia in hospitals in Indonesia, especially Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar and Kandou General Hospital Manado.Conclusion: There are several differences in the treatment of severe preeclampsia at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar Bali and Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado. The differences found were ways to induce labor, use of corticosteroids, detail of MGSO4 administration, and the selection of antihypertensive drugs.Â
Correlation between testosterone level, serum prostate-specific antigen level, and diabetes mellitus with grade inflammation of the prostate
Authors: Wiradana A.A G.A. Anom A , Duarsa Gede Wirya Kusuma , Oka Anak Agung Gede , Golden Nyoman , Santosa Kadek Budi , Yudiana Wayan , Tirtayasa Pande Made Wisnu , Pramana Ida Bagus Putra
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Benign Prostate Hyperplasia is the most common degenerative disease in men, characterized by an increase in prostate epithelial and stromal cells, that leads to impairment of urinary flow. The risk factor of BPH was uncertain, some studies showed that reduced testosterone level leads to BPH. Evidence suggests that modifiable factors may influence the risk of BPH, such as diabetes mellitus, PSA level, and inflammation. Pro-inflammatory mediators regulate the proliferation and differentiation of prostate tissue. This study aimed to determine correlation between testosterone level, PSA level, and blood glucose and grade inflammation of prostate.Methods: An analytic cross sectional study was done in 72 BPH patients of Sanglah Hospital Urology clinic. All samples underwent PSA level, testosterone, blood glucose measurement before transurethral resection of the prostate procedure. The grade inflammation of prostate was then determined by pathologist. All data obtained were analyzed by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software.Results: Seventy-two samples included in this study with age range from 50 to 84 years old. Grade inflammation of prostate was significantly correlated with PSA level with p-value 0,006 and prevalence ratio (PR) 2 with 95% CI (1.129-3.544). Testosterone level was not significantly correlated with grade inflammation of prostate (PR 1.233; 95% CI: 0.804-1.891; p=0.334). Blood glucose level and grade inflammation of prostate showed PR 1.943 with 95% CI (1.542-2.447) with p-value 0.058, but after multivariate analysis the p-value was 0.022.Conclusion: Grade inflammation of prostate was significantly correlated with blood glucose level and serum PSA level.
Vulvovaginitis gonococcal in a child: A case report
Authors: Indira I Gusti Ayu Agung Elis , Elvina Putu Ayu , Puspawati Made Dwi , Wiguna Anak Agung Gde Putra
Published: April 2020

Background: Gonococcal or gonorrhea infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This infection is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a Gram-negative aerobic diplococcus. Gonorrhea is transmitted primarily through sexual intercourse, especially in the sexually active age, between 15-29 years. Gonococcal vaginitis is the most common form of gonorrhea in children. The infection in children generally indicates the existence of sexual contacts that require proper management. Although infrequent, nonsexual gonorrhea transmission, either from vomit, physical contact or autoinoculation may occur in children.Case: A vulvovaginitis was found in 7-year-old Balinese girl. She was diagnosed with gonococcal infection based on the anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory examination from vagina discharge with gram stain and culture. She was treated with oral Cefixime 200 mg tablet in a single dose and obtained clinical and laboratory improvement within the period of observation for eight days. Further examination and management of the patient's parents are also performed.Discussion: Oral cefixime is preferred for children because the route of administration is not traumatic, and have a lower price with equally good effectiveness compared to injections. There were no signs of sexual violence, and no gonococcal infection was found in the family. It is suggested that it was transmitted from nonsexual contact from the patientâ€™s friend; however, the source of infection need to be further investigated.
Detection of metallo-Î²-lactamase gene blaIMP of Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Sanglah General Hospital Bali
Authors: Afriansyah Muhammad Ardi , Budayanti Ni Nyoman Sri , Pinatih Komang Januartha Putra
Published: April 2020

Background: Escherichia coli belong to the family of Enterobacteriaceae that are responsible as one of the leading cause of nosocomial infections. The emergence of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae presents therapeutic challenges for clinicians on choosing the correct type of antibiotics to prescribe. The Emergence of microorganism capable of producing metallo-Î²-Lactamase (MBL) causes resistance to several antibiotic, including carbapenem.Â Aim: The study aims is to detect whether there are E.coli clinical isolates in Sanglah hospital that produce metallo-Î²-Lactamase (MBL) enzyme and carries blaIMP metallo-Î²-Lactamase (MBL) gene.Methods: Clinical isolates of E.coli were collected from patients diagnosed with infection in Sanglah Hospital within January to June of 2018 nd has been subjected to antibiotics susceptibility test using Vitek-2 Compact system. EDTA-DDST was performed to detect MBL producing strains, followed by detection of blaIMP gene using PCR.Results: There were no E.coli clinical isolates that produce MBL enzyme and carried blaIMP gene (0.0%). The prevalence of E.coli producing blaIMP gene in Sanglah hospital was 0.0%. Â Conclusions: None of the Escherichia coli exhibits the ability to produce metallo-Î²-Lactamase (MBL) enzyme and carried blaIMP gene. Detecting other genes aside from blaIMP gene may be necessary to reveal the other causative factors of antibiotics resistance in Escherichia coli.Â
Water Sport-Related Spine Injury in Bali: A Review and Preliminary Study
Authors: Suyasa I Ketut , Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi , Prabawa I Putu Yuda , Marta Ketut Kris Adi
Published: April 2020

Background: Spinal Injury is a devastating injury with life-long impact on an individualâ€™s health and quality of life. SportÂ­ing activities, such as water sport, is also known contributed to the spinal injury. Â This study aims to evaluate the water sport-related spine injury (WS-RSI) which is occurred in Bali during 2017 as a preliminary study at BROS Hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively among 55 patients who got an injury during water-sport activity in 2017 and admitted to BROS Hospital, Denpasar, Bali by medical records. There was 28 patient-related spine injury. Demographic status regarding age, sex, length of stays, hemoglobin (Hb), random blood glucose, nationality, country origin, treatment, patientâ€™s status, history of alcohol intake, type of water sport, and the location of spine injury were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows in meanÂ±SD, percentage, and odds ratio (OR) as well as statistically significant if P-value less than 0.05.Results: Indonesian travelers were predominant in WS-RSI (53.6%), followed by China and Australia (17.9%), India, Japan, and European countries (3.6%, respectively). The average age of patients was higher in spine injury (47.89Â±15.98 years; P=0.047). Both sexes were equal (50%). There was no significant difference in Hemoglobin (Hb) (11.08Â±1.30 g/dL) and random blood glucose (100.65Â±21.37 mg/dL) (P>0.05) levels. However, there was a significant difference among nationality, type of treatment, patientâ€™s status, and type of WS-RSI compared with non-spine injury (P<0.05). Based on variables, banana boat, foreign travelers, conservative treatment, and outpatient status were having a higher risk in WS-RSI (OR= 4.275; 5.143; 5.014; 7.389; P<0.05, respectively)Conclusion: As a preliminary study, recent findings at BROS Hospital, Denpasar, Bali suggest that several factors are having a higher risk towards water sport-related spine injuries such as older age, banana boat, foreign travelers, conservative treatment, and outpatient status
Analisis tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa program studi pendidikan dokter tahun ajaran 2017-2018 Universitas Udayana tentang prescribing error
Authors: Rachmawati Nabila Putri , Ernawati Desak Ketut , Artini I Gusti Ayu
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Prescribing Errors is a failure in the treatment process leading to or potentially harmful to the patient, this error most often occurs although it can be prevented. The incidence of prescribing errors continues to increase from year to year, but data in Indonesia that discusses the level of knowledge of medical students about prescribing errors is still small. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of knowledge of medical student study program 2017-2018 academic year at Udayana University Denpasar about prescribing errors.Method: This research is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at the Medical Faculty Udayana University Sudirman Campus Denpasar. Data obtained in the form of primary data questionnaire. Data were analyzed using software computer.Result: The results showed that the most gender are women of 68 students (66%). The largest proportion of age is 19-20 years old number of 52 students (52%). Groups of semesters 1, 3, 5 and 7 obatined a similar proportion of 25 students (25%). The level of students' knowledge of prescribing case study is classified into moderate category with mean 3,7-7,1 of 67 students (67%). The number of correct answers in identifying type of error from 3 prescriptions is in the case of the first prescription, the 3rd semester student who is able to identify the prescribing error, with the type of mistake that is wrong dose as many as 14 students (35,9%) with p value = 0,066 and wrong dosage form as 21 students (39,6%) with p value = 0.000. In the case of the second prescriptions, 7th semester students were able to identify the prescribing error, with the type of mistake that is wrong dose as many as 13 students (41,9%) with p value = 0,005 and wrong dosage form as 22 students (36,7%) with p value = 0.000. In the case of the third prescriptions, the 3rd semester students were able to identify the prescribing error, with the type of mistake that is the wrong indication of the drug as many as 15 students (62,5%) p value = 0.000.Conclusion: In this research, it can be concluded that the knowledge level of the majority students is in moderate levelabout 67 (67%). While the remaining respondents good knowledge level as much as 7 (7%) and bad knowledge is as much as 26 (26%).
Masalah ginekologi pasien remaja di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada April 2016 â€“ Maret 2017
Authors: Lim Demetria Jesica , Manuaba IBG Fajar , Putra I Gede Mega , Budiana I Nyoman Gede
Published: April 2020

Remaja adalah masa peralihan dari anak-anak ke dewasa atau tumbuh menjadi dewasa. Remaja belum dapat dikatakan sebagai dewasa namun juga sudah tidak dapat dikatakan sebagai anak â€“ anak. Definisi remaja menurut WHO adalah seseorang dengan usia 10-19 tahun. Pada masa remaja ini sudah mulai muncul ciri-ciri perkembangan seks primer maupun sekunder seperti tumbuhnya payudara dan menstruasi pada wanita. Proses perkembangan seks sekunder ini tidak semuanya berjalan dengan lancar pada setiap wanita. Sangat mungkin untuk terjadi masalah-masalah pada proses perkembangan ini yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan reproduksi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui masalah ginekologi remaja yang berkunjung di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling untuk mendapat angka kejadian gangguan menstruasi, keputihan, tumor ovarium, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, infeksi Human Papilloma Virus dan kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan pada remaja wanita yang memeriksakan diri di RSUP Sanglah dalam periode April 2016 â€“ Maret 2017. Hasil: Dari 49 sampel yang didapat terdapat 53,06% kasus keputihan, 38,78% kasus gangguan menstruasi dan 8,16% kasus kanker ovarium. Kesimpulan: Tidak ditemukan pasien dengan infeksi Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) dan kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan pada periode April 2016 â€“ Maret 2017.Â
Karakteristik pasien retinoblastoma di RSUP Sanglah pada bulan April 2015 â€“ Desember 2017
Authors: Pawana Monika Nur Indah , Ekawati Ni Putu , Maker Luh Putu Iin Indrayani
Published: April 2020

Background: Retinoblastoma is one of the intraocular tumors originate from the lining of the retinal eye layer component. This disease is more common in children. Retinoblastoma incidence rate tend to be constant every year, but epidemiological data about retinoblastoma in Indonesia not yet available.Aim: this study aims to determine the characteristics of patients with retinoblastoma at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar from April 2015 till December 2017.Method: The study was a descriptive cross sectional design which was conducted at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Data obtained was in the form patientâ€™s medical records registered between April 2015 â€“ December 2017.Results: Of the 22 patients, the age average was 5.06 Â± 3.06 years with the highest gender proportion was male (55%). Leukokoria (68%) was the main complaint. Most sites were unilateral (59%). Staging for unilateral was Group D (47%) and for bilateral was OD Group D, OS Group E (25%) and OD Grup E OS Grup C (25%) There were two patients had family history of retinoblastoma (18%). Histopathological finding showed only 4.54% with typical appearance of Flexner Wintersteiner Rossete, 36% of patients showed pseudorossete, and the remains classified as undifferentiated type. Almost half of the patients have a tumor invation, and most of them have necrosis in their tumor. The most common management for retinoblastoma is chemotherapy (52%) followed by enucleation (48%). Conclusion: Thereâ€™re variety in characteristics of retinoblastoma. Further research needed to know the characteristic of retinoblastoma significantly.
Isolasi bakteri Escherichia coli pada lawar merah babi di kota Denpasar
Authors: Yulianto Dennis , Sukrama I Dewa Made , Hendrayana Made Agus
Published: April 2020

Background: An alarming incidence rate of food-borne diseases in Indonesia become more worrible, especially the one which is caused by Escherichia coli. Based on Food and Drug Supervisory Agency or Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) in Indonesia, there are 18.144 people who got infected by food-borne illnesses in 2011. These facts are quite alarming for the people who live in Bali and they are more likely to consume lawar merah babi.Â  Lawar merah babi is a traditional Balinese food made from the mix of vegetable, meat, and some other ingredients as well as it is usually mixed by hand which make it susceptible to be contaminated by bacteria such as Escherichia coli. Aim: The study aims to investigate the E. coli contamination within lawar merah in Denpasar. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using 12 samples of lawar merah babi which were sold in 12 different places all across the Denpasar City. These samples were taken to Microbiology Laboratorium at Medical Faculty, Udayana University. There are three variants of dilution for each sample which are 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3. Each sample was cultured using eosin methylene blue agar as the media. Some of the sample without clear representation in the media will go through further identification. The results of Escherichia coli colonization were counted by the total plating count method to produce them in CFU/g for each of the samples.Result: Some of the samples have been contaminated by Escherichia coli (67%) approximately 17x104 CFU/g contamination average level.Conclusion: The samples exceed the contamination limit which is permitted by the BPOM recommendation, where the maximum Escherichia coli contamination level should not exceed over than 3 CFU/g.
Microbiota-based therapies for chronic kidney disease
Authors: Putri Dessy Natasha Ade , Moreen Nababan Chika Christianne
Published: April 2020

Background: Increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide has been concerned as a global public health issue because of the burden of adverse outcomes, including mortality. Gut microbiota can be used as a potential therapeutic target to slow the progression of CKD.Aim: This literature review aims to provide an in-depth review about the potency of microbiota-based therapy for CKD.Method: from 58 journals reviewed, 51 were found suitable as references for this paper. The keywords used are â€œgut microbiota,â€ â€œchronic kidney diseaseâ€, â€œprebioticâ€, â€œprobioticâ€ and â€œfecal microbiota transplantationâ€ on selected search engines.Result: In general, it has shown that microbiota-based therapies do have potential therapeutic effect as it can improve inflammatory response, uremic toxin, insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk.Conclusion: Prebiotic, probiotic, fecal microbiota transplantation and novel therapies have shown beneficial effects in treating patients with CKD.
Karakteristik pasien dengan infeksi Burkholderia cepacia di RSUP Sanglah pada tahun 2014-2016
Authors: Antariksa Dea , Budayanti Ni Nyoman Sri , Fatmawati Ni Nengah Dwi
Published: April 2020

Background: Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of 17 species that are genetically and phenotypically similiar. Bcc is an opportunistic pathogen in which it will cause an infection in a person who has had a previous severe lung infection or a person with a weak immune system. Objective: This study aims to determine the characteristics of Burkholderia cepacia compleks patients at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar period 2014-2016 Sanglah Hospital. Methods: This was an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional study design and a retrospective approach. The subjects were 29 patients diagnosed with Burkholderia Cepacia bacteria and performed bacterial culture at Sanglah Hospital on January 1, 2014 s.d. December 31, 2016. The research data is secondary data obtained from the book Microbiology section Sanglah Hospital. Results: The results showed that patients with isolated Burkholderia cepacia who were admitted to Sanglah Hospital consisted mostly of 37.9% old age categories (> 50 years) and adults (18-50 years); 65.5% male sex and 34.5% female gender; 62.1% were admitted to the ICU; 24.1% were diagnosed with sepsis;