bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behandlung des Mammakarzinoms
Authors: Masche Urspeter
Published: March 2020

Bei der Lokalbehandlung des Mammakarzinoms liegt der Fortschritt vor allem in der «Sentinel»-Methode, die mittlerweile als Standard bei der Lymphknoten-Abklärung gilt. Die adjuvante Behandlung wird heute noch stärker auf das individuelle Risikoprofil auszurichten versucht, wobei der Hormonrezeptor- und HER2-Status eine entscheidende Grundlage bilden. Bei der endokrinen Therapie sind die Aromatasehemmer anstelle von Tamoxifen in den Vordergrund gerückt.
Die bessere Medikamentenkarte (ohne Passwort zugänglich)
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

Mehr und mehr - besonders ältere - Menschen nehmen täglich eine grössere Zahl verschiedener Medikamente ein. Übersicht und Sicherheit soll die Medikamentenkarte bringen. Die heutige Lösung hat jedoch viele Schwächen, die vor allem an den Schnittstellen (z.B. bei Spitalaustritt) stören. Hier wird nun eine digitale Lösung vorgeschlagen, die mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand schon rasch realisiert werden könnte.
Linaclotid
Authors: Masche Urspeter
Published: March 2020

Dieses neue Medikament, zugelassen zur Behandlung des Reizdarmsyndroms mit Obstipation, ist offensichtlich von geringer Wirksamkeit. Im Vergleich mit einer Placebobehandlung profitiert gemäss den vorliegenden Studien bestenfalls eine von sieben Personen, die mit Linaclotid behandelt werden, von einer Linderung der Bauchbeschwerden und der Obstipation.
Tofacitinib
Authors: Masche Urspeter
Published: March 2020

Mit Tofacitinib wird eine weitere biologische Substanz zur Basistherapie der rheumatoiden Arthritis angeboten. In anderen europäischen Ländern ist dieses oral verabreichbare Medikament wegen eines als ungünstig eingestuften Nutzen-Risiko-Verhältnisses bisher nicht zugelassen.
Migräne-Medikamente
Authors: Schürch Felix
Published: March 2020

Sowohl die Behandlung von Migräneanfällen wie auch eine Langzeit-Migräneprophylaxe werden am besten dem individuellen Beschwerdebild angepasst. Triptane sind nach wie vor die zuverlässigsten Mittel zur Behandlung von mittelschweren bis schweren Migräneanfällen. Für die Prophylaxe steht eine ganze Palettte von Medikamenten bereit; viele davon sind jedoch ungenügend dokumentiert oder mit relevanten Nebenwirkungen behaftet.
Chronisch-entzündliche Darmkrankheiten
Authors: Schürch Felix
Published: March 2020

Wie eine Zusammenfassung eines Textes aus dem «Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics» zeigt, hat sich gegenüber unserer im Jahr 2003 veröffentlichten Übersicht zur Therapie der chronisch-entzündlichen Darmkrankheiten nicht sehr viel geändert. Nach wie vor sollen vor dem Einsatz von TNF-alpha-Hemmern die «konventionellen» Therapieoptionen (Aminosalizylate, Kortikosteroide, Immunsuppressiva) optimal ausgenützt werden.
Das Problem der Verfalldaten
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

Zur Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Medikamenten nach dem Verfalldatum gibt es nur wenige Untersuchungen. Dennoch lässt sich annehmen, dass feste Arzneimittelformen bis zu fünf Jahren nach dem Verfalldatum noch genügend aktiv sind – adäquate Aufbewahrung vorausgesetzt.
Der diabetische Fuss
Authors: Galeazzi Renato L.
Published: March 2020

Infizierte Fusswunden sind bei Diabeteskranken problematisch, weshalb eine gute klinische Diagnostik - wie in der vorliegenden Zusammenfassung ausführlicher dargestellt - von grosser Bedeutung ist. Das Thema "Fussulzera bei Diabetes" wurde bereits früher in unserer Zeitschrift genauer besprochen (http://www.infomed.ch/pk_template.php?pkid); die dort beschriebenen Behandlungsprinzipien sind nach wie vor gültig.
Lixisenatid
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

Lixisenatid ist ein neuer GLP-1-Rezeptoragonist, ein sogenanntes Glutid, mit einer vergleichsweise kurzen Halbwertszeit. Wie andere Glutide senkt Lixisenatid das HbA1c und führt auch zu einer Abnahme von Gewicht und Blutdruck, verursacht allein jedoch kaum Hypoglykämien. Sein Stellenwert innerhalb der Behandlung eines Typ-2-Diabetes ist noch weitgehend unbestimmt.
Lesinurad
Authors: Masche Urspeter
Published: March 2020

Ein neues Urikosurikum, das in Kombination mit Allopurinol zur Behandlung der Gicht empfohlen wird. Vorläufig ist nicht gesichert, dass es gegenüber den bisher verfügbaren Medikamenten besser wirkt bzw. besser verträglich ist.
Ertugliflozin
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

Wie andere SGLT-2-Hemmer (Gliflozine) senkt Ertugliflozin den Blutzucker, indem es die renale Glukose-Rückresorption hemmt und so zu einer vermehrten Glukosurie führt. Vorläufig lassen sich keine speziellen Vor- oder Nachteile gegenüber den anderen Vertretern dieser Medikamentengruppe erkennen..
Oberflächliche Thrombophlebitis
Authors: Galeazzi Renato L.
Published: March 2020

Es nicht völlig klar, wie man eine oberflächliche Thrombophlebitis am besten behandelt. Neuere Guidelines empfehlen eine Behandlung, die sowohl die lokalen Symptome mildert als auch die Ausdehnung ins tiefe Beinvenensystem verhindert. Neben lokal oder systemisch angewandten Entzündungshemmern und Kompressionsstrümpfen werden teilweise auch Antikoagulantien eingesetzt. Die meisten dieser Interventionen sind jedoch spärlich dokumentiert.
Dreimonatskoliken
Authors: Marty Natalie
Published: March 2020

Dreimonatskoliken sind eine grosse Belastung für die betroffenen Familien. Verschiedene Behandlungsformen werden empfohlen, um das übermässige Schreien zu lindern. Doch weder für diätetische Massnahmen noch für medikamentöse Behandlungsformen konnte bisher in klinischen Studien ein Wirksamkeitsnachweis erbracht werden.
Entrevista a Tania Hermida: “El Arte es constituyente”.
Authors: Bouhaben Miguel Alfonso
Published: March 2020

Pequeño recorrido genealógico para observar como algunos aspectos de la biografía de la cineasta ecuatoriana Tania Hermida para definir su mirada sobre el mundo. Esto es, para determinar cómo su vida ha dejado huellas en su filmografía. Para ello, vamos a transitar por una serie de momentos biográficos relevantes para hacernos una idea general de lo que es su cine.
Sheila Levrant de Brettevile y la influencia del feminismo en el diseño gráfico.
Authors: Sánchez Rubio Dionisio
Published: March 2020

Los estudios de género han hecho grandes contribuciones a la consolidación del diseño como disciplina. La historia del diseño y concretamente la del diseño gráfico, no ha tenido en cuenta las aportaciones de muchas mujeres diseñadoras que han encontrado en el feminismo una forma de conciliar ideología y profesión. El trabajo profesional y docente de Sheila Levrant de Bretteville ha sido crucial para visibilizar a la mujer dentro de la disciplina. Desde la fundación del edificio de la mujer junto a Arlene Raven y Judy Chicago, hasta la dirección del departamento de diseño gráfico de la Universidad de Yale, Sheila Levrant de Bretteville ha promovido un diseño feminista que fomenta la igualdad y el respecto en todos los ámbitos de la vida.
Reseña de De la Vega Velastegui, Paola (2016). Gestión cinematográfica en Ecuador: 1977-2006. Procesos, prácticas y rupturas.
Authors: Miño Puga María Fernanda
Published: March 2020

Paola de la Vega ofrece un importantísimo texto en su libro ‘Gestión cinematográfica en Ecuador: 1977-2006. Procesos, prácticas y rupturas’, complementando trabajos previos de apreciación estética del cine nacional, con una extensa investigación de campo que recopila experiencias, aciertos y desaciertos en la manera de hacer cine entre los años 1977 y 2006. El libro indaga en todas la etapas implicadas: formación y profesionalización, estrategias de gestión, institucionalidad y políticas culturales, y espacios de exhibición, así como un necesario capítulo sobre la feminización de la gestión cinematográfica.
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WORKING EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FROM BOTANIC IN THE KREMENETS REGIONAL HUMANITARIAN-PEDAGOGICAL ACADEMY NAMED AFTER TARAS SHEVCHENKO FOR THE LAST TEN YEARS
Authors: Halahan Oksana
Published: March 2020

This article gives the analysis of five curriculums on Botany for the last ten years that have been carried out at Kremenets Regional Humanitarian Pedagogical Academy named after Taras Shevchenko (2008 – “Botany”, 2012 – “Anatomy and Plant Morphology”, “Plant Systematics” and “Mycology”, 2016 – “Botany”). The comparison of such structural elements of the curriculum as the content, the number of lecture and laboratory work hours, the number of independent and individual work hours and the kind of control is described. The distribution of hours by sections and topics is considered. The compulsory learning outcomes are formed into groups such as the requirements for students' knowledge and skills, as well as the purpose, tasks, methodological support and recommended literature for all curriculums. It is proposed to introduce separate educational disciplines such as "Mycology" and "Theology" in the curriculum of the students-future Biology teachers.
KATEDRALNE ODPROWADZENIE PRAKTYCZNEGO PRACOWNIKA SOCJALNEGO NA WYDZIALE NAUK SPOŁECZNYCH UNIWERSYTETU WARMIŃSKIEGO-MAZURSKIEGO (POLSKA)
Authors: Shevchenko Zhanna
Published: March 2020

Conceptual approaches are considered in relation to professional preparation of development workers and experience actualized by them practical preparation at higher school of Poland. It is found out, that preparation of development workers in Poland is a difficult and dynamic process, that permanently changes in accordance with international standards, normative requirements, social changes and necessities on this type of services. The exposure of progressive ideas of experience of practical aspect of preparation of development workers in Poland will assist the scientific ground of strategy of development of professional preparation of specialists of social sphere in Ukraine on the stage of her transformation and integration in European and world educational space. The prospects of research of directions of co-operation of establishments of education are certain with employers and other social partners in the process of professional preparation and passing of types of practices by the future specialists of social work.
EFEITOS DE RETARDADORES DE CRESCIMENTO EM SOJA (Glycine max L. MERRILL)
Authors: Castro Paulo R. C. , Homma Sérgio K. , Cato Stella C.
Published: March 2020

EFEITOS DE RETARDADORES DE CRESCIMENTO EM SOJA (Glycine max L. MERRILL)
UTILIZAÇÃO DA MANIPUEIRA COMO HERBICIDA
Authors: Ponte J. Julio da , Gôes Erbene
Published: March 2020

UTILIZAÇÃO DA MANIPUEIRA COMO HERBICIDA
PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DO MELOEIRO SUBMETIDO A IRRIGAÇÃO E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA
Authors: Monteiro Rodrigo Otávio Câmara , Costa Raimundo Nonato Távora , Figueiredo Raimundo Wilane de , Silva Luis Antônio da
Published: March 2020

PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DO MELOEIRO SUBMETIDO A IRRIGAÇÃO E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA
DESENVOLVIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO ALGODOEIRO EM FUNÇÃO DA APLICAÇÃO DE SUBDOSES DE ÁCIDO DICLOROFENOXIACÉTICO E CLORETO DE MEPIQUAT
Authors: Américo Gabriela Helena Pinê , Furlani Júnior Enes , Américo-Pinheiro Juliana Heloisa Pinê , Santos Danilo Marcelo Aires dos
Published: March 2020

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das subdoses de ácido diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D) e cloreto de mepiquat nas características vegetativas e produtivas de duas variedades de algodão. A aplicação de cloreto de mepiquat diminuiu a altura da planta de algodão e a aplicação das subdoses de 2,4-D aumentou o número de capulhos por planta e a produtividade de algodão em caroço da variedade FMT 701.  A variedade FMT 701 teve melhor desempenho comparada à variedade Fibermax 966.
RENDIMENTO DE SOJA EM FUNÇÃO DO ARRANJO DE PLANTAS
Authors: Modolo Alcir José , Schidlowski Lucas Leonardo , Storck Lindolfo , Benin Giovani , Vargas Thiago De Oliveira , Trogello Emerson
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho avalia o efeito de diferentes espaçamentos entre linhas e de populações de plantas no desempenho agronômico da soja, bem como identifica o arranjo espacial que possibilita o máximo potencial de rendimento de grãos. A combinação de 288.000 plantas ha-1 com o espaçamento de 0,20 m maximizou a produtividade de grãos (4.278 kg ha-1). A altura final de planta e altura de inserção da primeira vagem têm efeitos direto e indireto positivos e o número de vagens por planta tem efeito indireto negativo sobre a produtividade de grãos. A redução do espaçamento entre linhas é importante ferramenta para proporcionar incrementos no rendimento de grãos, gerando maior rentabilidade ao produtor.
SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF EUCALYPTUS AND PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES OF SOIL FERTILIZED WITH LIME MUD AND MINERAL FERTILIZER
Authors: Lima Elizeu De Souza , Montanari Rafael , Lovera Lenon Henrique , Teixeira Filho Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto , Silva Vinícius Evangelista da , Lima César Gustavo Da Rocha
Published: March 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as correlações lineares do desenvolvimento individual das árvores de Eucalyptus urograndis em função dos atributos físicos do solo, com vistas a evidenciar zonas específicas de manejo no intuito de utilizar a lama de cal de maneira sustentável ao ambiente em um Neossolo Quartzarênico. Para isso, utilizou-se a lama de cal associado a um fertilizante mineral, a fim de verificar correlações lineares e dependência espacial entre planta e solo e, efeito da lama de cal na qualidade físico-ambiental do solo.  Foram coletados atributos de planta e solos para a determinação dos atributos físicos nas camadas de 0-0,20 m e 0,20-0,40 m em uma malha experimental de aproximadamente 2 ha, contendo 50 pontos amostrais. No âmbito da geoestatística houve dependência espacial para os atributos UG2, UV2, DP1, DP2 e Argila1. Os mapas de krigagem permitiram visualizar a distribuição dos atributos físicos do solo.Palavras-chave: Manejo do solo, Resíduos celulósicos, Silvicultura
PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZATION CAPACITY AND INDOLE ACETIC ACID PRODUCTION BY Trichoderma STRAINS FOR BIOMASS INCREASE ON BASIL AND MINT PLANTS
Authors: Chagas Lillian França Borges , Chagas Junior Aloisio Freitas , Castro Henrique Guilhon de
Published: March 2020

The use of microorganisms in medicinal plants may provide an increase in biomass. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency and capacity of Trichoderma strains to solubilize phosphate and to synthesize indole acetic acid (IAA) in vitro in the biomass production of two medicinal plants, basil and mint. Cultures were inoculated with two species of Trichoderma. The crop biomass as well as the relative efficiency were determined. Trichoderma species that solubilized phosphate and produced IAA, provided significant results in the accumulation of biomass of the crops, with relative efficiency of 276% for mint and 141% for basil, in relation to the control. The Trichoderma isolates showed phosphate solubilization capacity and IAA synthesis. Therefore, the studied crops presented biomass increase. These strains verified their capacity as plant growth promoters.
PEMBUATAN PULP DARI DAUN PISANG
Authors: - Suryani
Published: March 2020

Proses yang digunakan dalm pembuatan pulp ini adalah proses semi kimia dengan menggunakan larutan pemasak NaOH. Pembuatan pulp dilakukan pada pemasakan dengan temperatur 125°C, dimana konsentrasi NaOH yang digunakan bervariasi dari 1%, 1,3%, 1,6%, dengan waktu pemasakan 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam serta berat sampel tetap yaitu 250 gr. Data hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kondisi pemasakan yang optimal diperoleh pada konsentrasi NaOH 1,6% dengan lama pemasakan 3 jam dengan bilangan permanganat 5,833.
PEMBUATAN SERAT DARI SABUT KELAPA
Authors: - Suryani
Published: March 2020

Sabut kelapa selama ini hanya digunakan sebagai bahan bakar, pembuatan sapu dan pengisi jok kursi. Ternyata sabut kelapa itu dapat dijadikan serat yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan alas kaki, tali temali, dan bahan pendukung industri tekstil. Sabut kelapa mengandung sellulosa, hemi sellulosa, dan lignin. Penghilangan kadar lignin dapat dilakukan dengan cara perendaman dengan pelarut. Adapun pelarut yang digunakan yaitu Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2). Variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi pada pengurangan kadar lignin yaitu: lamanya waktu perendaman dengan pelarut dan konsentrasi pelarut yang digunakan. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan waktu perendaman sabut kelapa dengan pelarut Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) yang terbaik adalah selama 5 hari dengan konsentrasi pelarut 3 %, perolehan yield serat sabut kelapa yang terbaik adalah 93.3%, dan kadar air 0%, serta warna serat yang dihasilkan adalah kuning muda atau cerah.
OBESITAS PRAKEHAMILAN DAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU BERSALIN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Kusumawardani Andin Widya , Theresia Endah Marianingsih , Muslihatun Wafi Nur
Published: March 2020

Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian ibu di Indonesia. Prevalensi preeeklamsia pada ibu hipertensi sekitar 52%. Kejadian preeklampsia di DIY meningkat dari 14,58% pada 2009 menjadi 25,58% pada 2010, dengan kejadian tertinggi di kabupaten Bantul. Obesitas merupakan salah satu faktor risiko preeklampsia. Jumlah obesitas ibu hamil di Indonesia mencapai 25%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas prakehamilan dengan kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu bersalin hipertensi di RSUD Panembahan Senopati. Jenis penelitian observasional analitik desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian semua ibu bersalin yang pernah atau sedang hipertensi selama masa hamil sampai bersalin bulan Januari-Desember 2013. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square dan rasio prevalensi. Hasil penelitian: prevalensi preeklampsia pada ibu bersalin hipertensi dengan riwayat obesitas prakehamilan sebesar 67.80% sedangkan pada ibu tanpa riwayat obesitas prakehamilan sebesar 31.71%. Obesitas prakehamilan memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan preeklampsia (p-value= 0.000376, RP= 2.14 dan CI 95%= 1.78320-11.70157). Kesimpulan: Obesitas prakehamilan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya preeklampsia pada ibu bersalin hipertensi
INVESTASI SAHAM BAGI PEMULA
Authors: Sandri Siti Hanifa , Samsiah Siti , Misral Misral , Bakaruddin Bakaruddin , Rahmayanti Sri , Ardi Hendri Ali
Published: March 2020

Investing is the best option for maintaining financial security in the future. For most people especially beginners, investing is a very complicated thing and will make it confused to take the right investment decision. All types of investments contain elements of risk. Investor decisions are based on consideration of risk factors and expected gains. The purpose of this activity is to socialize the investment measures for beginners who are teachers and learners.  Acquire the right knowledge of trends to buy stocks in the capital market for beginners i.e. teachers and students through live practice in the field. This method of community dedication uses lecture methods, direct demonstrations by the speaker, and questions and answers. The lecture method is used to convey knowledge on how to invest stocks for beginners. Demonstrations are used to provide direct examples of how to buy stocks on the capital markets. The result of this activity shows the participants very enthusiastic during the activities until the training is completed. Participants hope the next year can be given the opportunity to get similar training. Therefore, the investment will not be enough if done once.

 Keywords: Investing, stocks and beginners
PENINGKATAN KESADARAN HUKUM SISWA TENTANG BAHAYA PERBUATAN BULLY DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 2 PEKANBARU
Authors: Desril Raja , Aksar Aksar , Lestari Triwahyuni , Raihana Raihana , Elviandri Elviandri , Agustina Desi Somalia
Published: March 2020

Bullying behaviour in a school environment can create a less supportive environment for students self-development, bullying behavior can hurt students, so they feel unwanted and rejected by their environment. This will certainly bring effect to the various activities of the students in the school. Causes of bullying due to family factors, environmental factor, school factors and social environmental factors. Bullying is a student who has a physical or social strength that is more appealing to another friend, has a high temperament, and a sense of empathy is low. Victims of bullying often fight against the perpetrators but some of them are subject to the command of the perpetrator and do not dare to fear. To cope with the well-programed bullying, the current countermeasures only include individual approaches by Walikelas, teacher of study field, as well as BK teachers.

Keywords: Student law awareness about the dangers of bullying
DIGITAL MARKETING SEBAGAI STRATEGI PEMASARAN PRODUK PKK
Authors: Zulkha Ermayda Ria , Ikrima Nanda Hanjar , Dwi Narullia
Published: March 2020

Abstrak

 Kegiatan yang dilakukan Kelompok PKK Desa Sutojayan sebagian besar telah diarahkan kepada aktivitas yang produktif dan bernilai jual, seperti pembuatan kerajinan tas dari tali kur, membuat bros, dan berbagai jenis keripik. Beberapa produk tersebut mampu dihasilkan oleh kelompok PKK dalam kurun waktu tertentu. Berdasarkan analisis situasi, dibutuhkan cara atau strategi khusus dalam melakukan pemasaran produk-produk tersebut, karena selama ini pemasaran masih dilakukan dalam lingkup lokal atau hanya sebatas dari mulut ke mulut. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan terkait strategi pemasaran produk kepada kelompok PKK melalui pelatihan digital marketing. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yakni pelatihan secara langsung sekaligus praktik pada aplikasi online yang digunakan, yakni facebook dan instagram. Hasil dari kegiatannya ini adalah anggota kelompok PKK dapat membuat akun online yang khusus untuk memasarkan produk-produk yang dihasilkan melalui akun facebook dan instagram. Melalui strategi digital marketing, beberapa produk yang dihasilkan oleh Kelompok PKK Desa Sutojayan dapat dikenal secara meluas sehingga mampu mengangkat nama Desa Sutojayan.

 

Keywords: Digital Marketing, local product, marketing training

Abstract

Most of the activities undertaken by the PKK group in Sutojayan Village have been directed to productive and valuable selling activities, such as making handicraft bags made from rope ties, making brooches, and various types of chips. Some of these products were able to be produced by the PKK group within a certain period. Based on the situation analysis, special methods or strategies are needed in marketing these products, because so far marketing has only been carried out in the local scope or only limited to word of mouth. This activity aims to increase knowledge related to product marketing strategies to PKK group through digital marketing training. The method used in the implementation of activities is direct training as well as practice in the online application used, namely Facebook and Instagram. As a result of this activity, PKK group members can create an online account specifically for marketing products produced through Facebook and Instagram accounts. Through digital marketing strategies, some of the products produced by the PKK group can be widely recognized so that they can raise the name of the Sutojayan Village.

 Keywords : Digital Marketing, produk lokal, pelatihan pemasaran
Observation of the Tailward Electron Flows Commonly Detected at the Flow Boundary of the Earthward Ion Bursty Bulk Flows in the Magnetotail
Authors: Zhang Mao , Wang Rongsheng , Lu Quanming , Wang Shui
Published: March 2020

Using measurements of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission in the magnetotail from −24 to −15R
E, we identified 40 ion Bursty Bulk Flow events (BBFs) and investigated the electron behaviors during these BBFs. The ion flows peaked near the center of the plasma sheet and had a sharp flow boundary. The electron-flow profile is distinct from the ion flows of the BBFs. Inside the BBFs, the strongest Earthward electron flows are observed in the ion flow boundary, away from the current sheet center. Farther away from the peak of the Earthward electron flows, the tailward electron flows are observed in the edges of the ion flows, are mainly field-aligned with low energy, and are stronger than the Earthward flows. It seems that the tailward low-energy electrons are energized at some places tailward of the spacecraft and then ejected Earthward, consistent with the magnetic reconnection scenario in the magnetotail. We suggest this has implications for our understanding of astrophysical jets.
The Solar Probe ANalyzers—Electrons on the Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Whittlesey Phyllis L. , Larson Davin E. , Kasper Justin C. , Halekas Jasper , Abatcha Mamuda , Abiad Robert , Berthomier M. , Case A. W. , Chen Jianxin , Curtis David W. , Dalton Gregory , Klein Kristopher G. , Korreck Kelly E. , Livi Roberto , Ludlam Michael , Marckwordt Mario , Rahmati Ali , Robinson Miles , Slagle Amanda , Stevens M. L. , Tiu Chris , Verniero J. L.
Published: March 2020

Electrostatic analyzers of different designs have been used since the earliest days of the space age, beginning with the very earliest solar-wind measurements made by Mariner 2 en route to Venus in 1962. The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission, NASA’s first dedicated mission to study the innermost reaches of the heliosphere, makes its thermal plasma measurements using a suite of instruments called the Solar Wind Electrons, Alphas, and Protons (SWEAP) investigation. SWEAP’s electron PSP Analyzer (Solar Probe ANalyzer-Electron (SPAN-E)) instruments are a pair of top-hat electrostatic analyzers on PSP that are capable of measuring the electron distribution function in the solar wind from 2 eV to 30 keV. For the first time, in situ measurements of thermal electrons provided by SPAN-E will help reveal the heating and acceleration mechanisms driving the evolution of the solar wind at the points of acceleration and heating, closer than ever before to the Sun. This paper details the design of the SPAN-E sensors and their operation, data formats, and measurement caveats from PSP’s first two close encounters with the Sun.
Operational Modeling of Heliospheric Space Weather for the Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Odstrcil Dusan , Mays M. Leila , Hess Phillip , Jones Shaela I. , Henney Carl J. , Arge Charles N.
Published: March 2020

The interpretation of multi-spacecraft heliospheric observations and three-dimensional reconstruction of the structured and evolving solar wind with propagating and interacting coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is a challenging task. Numerical simulations can provide global context and suggest what may and may not be observed. The Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) provides both mission science and space weather support to all heliospheric missions. Currently, this is realized by real-time simulations of the corotating and transient disturbances by the WSA-ENLIL-Cone model. We have simulated the heliospheric space weather relevant to the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission since 2018 September and provided numerical results to our colleagues analyzing in situ measurements published in the ApJS Special Issue. In this paper, we do not analyze PSP data, but we present recent updates in simulating the background solar wind and compare them with an existing operational model around the first PSP Perihelion, from 2018 October to 2018 December. We introduce new tools that assist in the interpretation of remote observations and in situ measurements useful for PSP and other missions, and for predicting heliospheric space weather. We also use this opportunity to evaluate recent improvements in the WSA and ADAPT-WSA coronal models that are being transitioned and considered to be transitioned, respectively, to operations. Finally, we simulate CME-like hydrodynamic ejecta with various parameters and calculated synthetic white-light images that can be used for “mid-course” correction of operational predictions.
Onosma fuyunensis (Boraginaceae), a new species from Xinjiang, China
Authors: He Yi , Xu Xue-Min , Zhou Yu , Liu Quan-Ru
Published: March 2020

Onosma fuyunensis, a new species of Boraginaceae from northern Xinjiang, China, is described and illustrated here. Onosma fuyunensis is similar to O. simplicissima and O. gmelinii; it differs in having a particularly bristly indumentum, unbranched stems, white and yellow corollas, anthers united only at base, and nutlets with a stipitate cicatrix. An updated key to the species of Onosma from Xinjiang and Altai Mountains is also provided.
L’économie contre l’écologie ?
Authors: Perret Bernard
Published: March 2020

La prise de conscience de la crise écologique a peu d’effet les réalités économiques. Il faut pourtant remettre en chantier toutes les règles de fonctionnement de l’économie pour qu’elle devienne soutenable.
Bienvenue dans l’entrepocène
Authors: Granier Jean-Maxence
Published: March 2020

Sous la pression des consommateurs et des salariés, les entreprises peuvent changer leurs modes de communication et de production.
La relation entre science et théologie et l’utilisation du réalisme critique
Authors: Poirot-Betting Estelle
Published: March 2020

L’article a pour objectif de rendre compte du réalisme critique introduit par le théologien Ian Barbour afin d’établir un « pont » entre science et théologie. Nous verrons pourquoi et comment Ian Barbour utilise cette philosophie qui relie le mieux, selon lui, l’ontologie et l’épistémologie pour proposer un dialogue voire une intégration entre science et théologie. Ce réalisme critique a ensuite été repris par d’autres scientifiques-théologiens notamment Peacocke et Polkinghorne avec quelques nuances qui sont ici analysées.
Stability analysis for a new fractional order N species network
Authors: Xie Yingkang ,   College of Mathematics and Systems Science, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China, Lu Junwei , Meng Bo , Wang Zhen ,   School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China,   College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
Published: March 2020

The present paper considers a fractional-order N species network, in which, the general functions are used for finding general theories. The existence, uniqueness, and non-negativity of the solutions for the considered model are proved. Moreover, the local and global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point are studied by using eigenvalue method and Lyapunov direct method. Finally, some simple examples and numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Estratigrafía constructiva y lesiones patológicas. Diacronía y coexistencia de materiales en la arquitectura del centro histórico de Cuenca (Ecuador)
Authors: Aguirre Ullauri María del Cisne , Cortés Aguirre Amaranta Andreina , Zamora Cedeño Gema Mariela
Published: March 2020

En el presente artículo se estudia el comportamiento de acción y reacción de catorce materiales de las fachadas de treinta y cinco edificios patrimoniales del centro histórico de Cuenca (Ecuador) y los factores del ecosistema a través de la lectura estratigráfica. Se busca identificar los actos constructivos o destructivos que definen el proceso histórico de su condición patrimonial y los estados de conservación determinantes para la intervención contemporánea. Entre los factores de impacto destacan las acciones físicas (39,11 %), mecánicas (30,26 %) y antrópicas (21,03 %), así como la sinergia entre estas y el deterioro de la calidad ambiental como catalizadores de procesos patológicos en materiales especialmente sensibles. Este aporte permite, por un lado, proyectar acciones primarias de intervención enmarcadas en la limpieza y mantenimiento como preámbulo a las de mayor envergadura, ya sea sustitución, demolición, restitución, entre otras; y, por otro lado, ensayar la herramienta metodológica como recurso crítico de análisis arquitectónico y superar así métodos de estudios más tradicionalistas.
Fatigue performance evaluation of bitumen mastics reinforced with polyolefins through a dissipated energy approach
Authors: Roman C. , Delgado M. A. , García-Morales M.
Published: March 2020

Polymers are known to improve the fatigue resistance of sphalt mastics. However, undesirable results can be obtained if the polymer is not successfully integrated into the bitumen binder. The goal of this work is to evaluate the effect of the addition of three selected polyolefins on their mastic’s fatigue performance. Low and high density polyethylenes (LDPE and HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) were chosen and used at the concentration of 4 wt.%. A dissipated energy approach was used in order to analyze the fatigue resistance, at 25 ºC, of the three composites studied. Dynamic time sweeps at and above the linear viscoelastic threshold were carried out. Based on that, the results demonstrated a better improvement when the LDPE was considered. For that binder, fluorescence optical microscopy observations at 25 ºC provided morphological evidence of a more homogeneous bitumen-polymer distribution which could be behind the improved fatigue behavior.
Emergence of IoT and Big Data
Authors: Singh Gurinder , Garg Vikas , Tiwari Pooja , Goel Richa
Published: March 2020

The main focus of this research paper is to understand the use of IoT in healthcare to achieve sustainable development. This paper has used the descriptive method to collect the data for study. The research methodology is FAHP, which is a cross-sectional research survey in nature. After data collection, the agreed paired comparison matrices, which are then further allocated to the weighted criteria and then accordingly a priority for the IoT usage is judged. According to the findings of the research, it has been identified that “profit maximization” and “quality of life” were on the top for priority for IoT in the healthcare sector for sustainable development, although, three major areas were identified. Additionally, if we consider according to usage then it is mostly used by the health care sector as UV radiation, dental care, and fall detection.
Elderly Behavior Prediction Using a Deep Learning Model in Smart Homes
Authors: U. K. Sridevi , Sudhir Sophia , Palaniappan Shanthi
Published: March 2020

The goal of a smart home is to keep track of the behaviors of the older adults with disabilities within the home, and then anticipate their activity to help with other actions. Elderly and disabled people have problems with their daily lives, while most other people are unaware of their difficulties. Helping the elderly to live independently allows them to lead their daily lives in a better manner. The implementation of analytics and machine learning algorithms leads to a predictive approach to health care services. In this chapter, a learning model in a smart home concept focuses on making it possible for the elderly to remain safe and comfortable at home. The transformative home security device learning architecture of the smart home platform is a valuable solution to studying mobility patterns at home, with the ability to identify behavioral changes related to issues of wellbeing. A predictive learning system can effectively recognize and identify the behavior of the elderly. A learning model, a recurrent neural network (RNN) is proposed to evaluate the people's activity. The focus of the present study is to forecast the deterioration in mental function and give warnings for the benefit of seniors.
An Expert System-Based Automation in Indian Traction System for a One Way Single Platform Station by Introducing PLC
Authors: Samanta Eshan , Sekh Arif Ahmed , Khatua Debnarayan
Published: March 2020

Nowadays, it is very often that some portion of the Indian traction system is still suffering from a single line railway transportation. This in turn creates a havoc disturbance in maintaining the proper sequence of traction control system. Also, passengers are taking risk to catch the train which is already in motion but no such action has been taken to eliminate these consequences. It has been found that more or less various works have been done on Automation in Railway Crossing Gate using Microcontroller and IR Sensor. Thus, it is often decided to develop an idea for the Indian traction system to ensure better controlling action by introducing Limit Switches as Tactile Sensors and by introducing HMI using PLC. The purpose here to take control over various controlling domains, including Railway crossing gate are as follows: Track signal, crossing level signal, alarm notification, and platform edge fence. The proper sequencing needs to be operated via a 128 I/O module with 2 KB memory size small PLC kit.
Depth of Outreach and Financial Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Zainuddin Mohammad , Yasin Ida Md. , Mahi Masnun , Akter Shabiha
Published: March 2020

Microfinance institutions tend to rely on donations and subsidies to achieve their social objective of outreach to the poor. Over the years, the industry has experienced tremendous growth, with donor funding pouring in. The question, however, arises whether microfinance firms can operate and continue to serve the poor clients on cost-covering basis without ongoing subsidies. There has been a growing tendency in the industry, which was traditionally a domain of not-for-profits, to embrace commercialization and pursue profitability to ensure self-sustainability. This chapter makes an empirical revisit to an inconclusive research question: Is there a trade-off between microfinance outreach and sustainability? Based on data for 1,232 microfinance firms from 43 countries, the study confirms the existence of trade-off between the two bottom lines of microfinance.
Domestic Wastewater Treatment by Vertical-Flow Filter Grown with Juncus Maritimus in Arid Region
Authors: Yahiaoui Khemissi , Ouakouak A. , Guerrouf N. , Zoubeidi A. , Hamdi N.
Published: March 2020

This study aims to experimentally investigate the performance ofJuncus maritimusspecies in removing pollutants from domestic wastewater under arid conditions. The experiment was carried out for three month and several physicochemical and organic parameters were monitored. Results showed a good quality of filtered waters reflecting the high efficiency of vertical-flow filters. The presence of Juncus maritimus species promotes significantly the nitrogen elimination and augments the dissolved oxygen content at the outlet.It was also found that the planted filter provides small improvements in removing BOD5, TSS and TP removal for the three pollutants. The mean removal rate obtained withJuncus maritimusfilter was 91.05 % for BOD5, 86.67 % for TSS, 78.45 % for Ntot, and 95.14 % for TP. Microbial activity, uptake by plants, adsorption and physical sedimentation are the main mechanisms of limiting the contaminants rates in the vegetated vertical-flow filter.
Energy Balance of WWTP Using LCA Analysis
Authors: Škultétyová Ivona , Dubcová Mária , Hrudka Jaroslav , Csicsaiová Réka , Marko Ivana
Published: March 2020

In connection with the optimization of operation at the selected Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), it is important to perform an energy audit with an assessment of the use of electricity and the subsequent economic optimization of the equipment of the WWTP. We can perform the energy balance through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis in relation to EN ISO 140 40 [1].The aim of this study case is the analysis of the energy balance of WWTP. The appraisal was performed on three different interpretation variants of specific electricity consumption. The conclusion is a comparison of variants of quantification of specific electricity consumption.
Implementation of the BIM Method at the VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava
Authors: Wernerová Eva , Endel Stanislav , Kutá Dagmar
Published: March 2020

This paper of the BIM method to the existing buildings of VŠB - TU Ostrava. The aim of the paper is to introduce the BIM method and the way in which this method is gradually implemented into three selected objects - nursery school, faculty of electrical engineering and informatics and faculty of civil engineering. During BIM implementation, 2D documentation is converted to BIM models and a digital twin is created.
Comparison of Material-Technical Solution of Masonry Family House by Two Different Calculating LCA Approaches
Authors: Wolfova Martina , Estokova Adriana , Ondova Marcela
Published: March 2020

Building materials and constructions pose a serious impact on the environment. Applying assessment tools such as life cycle assessment (LCA), it is possible to determine the environmental characteristics of materials, specific constructions or whole buildings. Today, however, there is a large amount of software that is freely available or bound by a license agreement. This paper is aimed at on comparison of the two different LCA software to evaluate the impacts of the selected construction: freely available software and software fixed by a license agreement. The comparison within the mandatory boundaries from cradle-to–gate includes the main environmental impacts such as climate changes, acidification, and embodied energy. The findings revealed that the results for the environmental parameters of constructions differ significantly regarding some structures, even though the input database was the same.
Hybrid Approach for Optimizing Process Parameters in Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil
Authors: Luangpaiboon Pongchanun , Aungkulanon Pasura
Published: March 2020

Biodiesel was synthesized from direct transesterification of palm oil reacted with methanol in the presence of a suitable catalyst. There is a sequence of three consecutive reversible reactions for the transesterification process. These process parameters were optimized via the hybrid optimization approach of a conventional response surface method and artificial intelligence mechanisms from Sine Cosine and Thermal Exchange Optimization metaheuristics. The influential parameters and their combined interaction effects on the transesterification efficiency were established through a factorial designed experiments. In this study, the influential parameters being optimized to obtain the maximum yield of biodiesel were reaction temperature of 60–150°C, reaction time of 1–6 hours, methanol to oil molar ratio of 6:1–12:1 mol/mol and weight of catalyst of 1–10wt. %. On the first phase, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed the reaction time as the most influential parameter on biodiesel production. Based on the experimental results from the hybrid algorithm via the SCO, it was concluded that the optimal biodiesel yield for the transesterification of palm oil were found to be 100°C for reaction temperature, 4 hours for reaction time, 10:1 wt/wt of ratio methanol to oil and 8% of weight of catalyst with 92.15% and 90.97% of biodiesel yield for expected and experimental values, respectively.
Bone Marrow Monocytes and Derived Dendritic Cells from Myelodysplastic Patients Have Functional Abnormalities Associated with Defective Response to Bacterial Infection
Authors: Bento Laiz C. , Bacal Nydia S. , Rocha Fernanda A. , Severino Patricia , Marti Luciana C.
Published: March 2020

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic stem cell diseases characterized by dysplasia of one or more hematologic lineages and a high risk of developing into acute myeloid leukemia. MDS patients have recurrent bacterial infections and abnormal expression of CD56 by monocytes. We investigated MDS patients’ bone marrow CD56+/CD56− monocytes and their in vitro–derived dendritic cell populations in comparison with cells obtained from disease-free subjects. We found that monocytes from MDS patients, irrespective of CD56 expression, have reduced phagocytosis activity and low expression of genes involved in triggering immune responses, regulation of immune and inflammatory response signaling pathways, and in the response to LPS. Dendritic cells derived in vitro from MDS monocytes failed to develop dendritic projections and had reduced expression of HLA-DR and CD86, suggesting that Ag processing and T cell activation capabilities are impaired. In conclusion, we identified, in both CD56+ and CD56− monocytes from MDS patients, several abnormalities that may be related to the increased susceptibility to infections observed in these patients.
Brewery’s waste streams as a valuable substrate for Black Soldier Fly Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Authors: Jucker C. , Leonardi M.G. , Rigamonti I. , Lupi D. , Savoldelli S.
Published: March 2020

The growing population and, consequently, the demand for food, has led to an increase in the agro-food activities, causing irreversible exploitation of natural resources. The use of insects for the management and recycling of by-products of the agro-food industry and for the production of proteins is growing. The Diptera Hermetia illucens is of particular interest as larvae are able to grow rapidly on numerous organic matters and are rich in proteins and fats. The identification of a low-cost and low-impact substrate suitable for the mass rearing of H. illucens is consequently of great interest. In this study, we evaluated the suitability of brewery wastes, spent grain and trub (used separately or mixed), as rearing substrate for the larvae. We evaluated the effect of these diets on preimmaginal performance (survival, developmental time, and weight reached) and adult traits (sex-ratio, dimension, and female fertility). As a result, the different substrates significantly impacted different biological traits. Best results, both for larvae and adults, were reported when the brewery wastes were provided together, leading to similar results obtained in a control diet and comparable to other previous studies. We conclude that brewery by-products can be valuable substrate for larval growth and in this way can be efficiently recycled and valorised.
Climate Variability and Malaria over West Africa
Authors: Diouf Ibrahima , Rodriguez Fonseca Belén , Caminade Cyril , Thiaw Wassila M. , Deme Abdoulaye , Morse Andrew P. , Ndione Jacques-André , Gaye Amadou Thierno , Diaw Anta , Ndiaye Marie Khemesse Ngom
Published: March 2020

Malaria is a major public health problem in West Africa. Previous studies have shown that climate variability significantly affects malaria transmission. The lack of continuous observed weather station data and the absence of surveillance data for malaria over long periods have led to the use of reanalysis data to drive malaria models. In this study, we use the Liverpool Malaria Model (LMM) to simulate spatiotemporal variability of malaria in West Africa using daily rainfall and temperature from the following: Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20th CR), National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Atmospheric Reanalysis of the Twentieth Century (ERA20C), and interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim). Malaria case data from the national surveillance program in Senegal are used for model validation between 2001 and 2016. The warm temperatures found over the Sahelian fringe of West Africa can lead to high malaria transmission during wet years. The rainfall season peaks in July to September over West Africa and Senegal, and the malaria season lasts from September to November, about 1–2 months after the rainfall peak. The long-term trends exhibit interannual and decadal variabilities. The LMM shows acceptable performance in simulating the spatial distribution of malaria incidence. However, some discrepancies are found. These results are useful for decision-makers who plan public health and control measures in affected West African countries. The study would have substantial implications for directing malaria surveillance activities and health policy. In addition, this malaria modeling framework could lead to the development of an early warning system for malaria in West Africa.