bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semántica tarskiana, lenguaje natural y ontología
Authors: Moretti Alberto
Published: March 2020

As a first step, this paper presents the two main variants of the contemporary semantical approach which takes truth-conditions as the key-concept to develop the ideas of meaning and understanding. Sorne criticisms of that approach are examined in light of that approach's theoretical goal. My claim is that the criticisms do not essentially affect the programme. Differences are pointed out between Davidson’s and Montague’s variants within this programme. My thesis is that when the main theoretical goal is to explain linguistic understanding; there are reasons to prefer the former. There are also reasons for this choice when the goal is to look for a semantics appropriate for characterizing ontological positions that depend upon epistemic constraints. However, Montague’s variants are preferable when one tries to state an ontology without taking into account epistemic factors.

[Traducción: Raúl Orayen]
Formalists and Informalists: Some Methodological Turnings
Authors: Nielsen Kai
Published: March 2020

Hasta el momento suele haber un consenso bastante significativo acerca de que para determinar lo que tiene sentido decir no hay forma de remitirse a lo que los hablantes nativos dicen. Esto se determina por el uso y el uso de una expresión se establece a su vez por su lugar en las prácticas lingüísticas donde ocurre. Lo que los formalistas e informalistas sí pueden discutir legítimamente es cómo explicar y representar mejor dicho uso. Aquí no hay ninguna razón a priori para favorecer un método en detrimento de otro. Sin embargo, al determinar lo que tiene sentido decir y apreciar la prioridad del uso en nuestras prácticas lingüísticas reales, habrá filósofos que tomarán direcciones muy distintas a las de los formalistas o informalistas. Plantearán preguntas muy diferentes con métodos muy diveros a los que emplean tanto los formalistas como los informalistas. Esto se ilustra en la obra de Rawls. Se sostiene además que la descripción wittgensteineana (sin duda una técnica informalista) puede ser útil para disolver cierto reto —que consideramos erróneo— para Rawls sobre la realidad o la coherencia del propio concepto de justicia.
Vann McGee, Truth, Vagueness, and Paradox. An Essay on the Logic of Truth. Giovanni Sommaruga-Rosolemos, Fixed Point Constructions in Various Theories of Mathematical Logic
Authors: Padilla Gálvez Jesús
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Método, evolución y progreso en la ciencia
Authors: Martínez Sergio
Published: March 2020

In this paper I address the problem of characterizing a notion of scientific or cognitive progress. I show that there is a close connection between the different characterizations of scientific method and notions of progress. Until the early sixties, a very common (often implicit) assumption was that progress could be understood as a by-product of the use of the scientific method. The work of Thomas Kuhn made clear that such a simple minded characterization of progress could not be right. I examine a series of attempts aiming to spell out a notion of scientific progress, and argue that an underlying assumption of these proposals is an assumption about the underlying methodological unity of science.

I claim that it is important for the correct formulations of a series of problems in the philosophy of science, and for the problem of characterizing progress in particular, to draw a distinction among different sorts of traditions in science. Each tradition articulates different explanatory aims, methods and notions of progress. In this paper I spell out a notion of cognitive progress that is implicit in experimental traditions. In future work I will discuss the notions of progress associated with other traditions.

In experimental traditions progress is understood in terms of the stabilization of phenomena and their entrenchment. A phenomenon gets entrenched when it is used for the construction of other phenomena. In order to understand the epistemological significance of the entrenchment of phenomena it is necessary to show that the traditional understanding of laws of nature in theoretical traditions, and in most philosophical accounts, is not suitable to understand the sense in which experimentalists talk of the “manipulation of laws of nature”. I provide a series of examples in order to clarify to concepts of phenomenon and entrenchment of phenomena which are important in experimental traditions. I suggest that the process of entrenchment of phenomena can be understood as a generalized evolutionary process. In that way, the analogy between progress and evolution, a topic of heated discussions for over a century, can help to elucidate the dynamics of experimental traditions in science.
Pascal and the Problem of a Common World
Authors: Yhap Jennifer
Published: March 2020

El artículo aborda el problema de un mundo común desde un punto de vista epistemológico. Pretende descubrir en el sujeto el elemento inteligible que fundamenta nuestro conocimiento del mundo. Encontramos este elemento en la noción pascaliana de instinto. A continuación se explica la noción de instinto de cinco maneras diferentes: primero, se establece el contexto de la discusión mediante la confrontación de las filosofías pragmática y lingüística contemporáneas con el pensamiento de Pascal. Se sostiene que Pascal no adoptó sus soluciones, ni las de las prácticas psicológica y lingüística. Asimismo, se incluye una introducción a la filosofía de Descartes y la doctrina de las ideas innatas por ser de especial importancia para el esclarecimiento de la noción de instinto. En segundo lugar, se plantea una distinción entre principio y elemento. En tercero, se explica el carácter no‚tico del instinto mediante un análisis de la certidumbre; se afirma que la certidumbre del instinto está basada en su sencillez. En cuarto lugar, se establece la importancia metodológica del instinto con respecto a los juicios sintéticos sobre la realidad sensible. Y en quinto, se identifica la importancia de la realidad sensible y el carácter noético de su recopilación. Ésta es la noción de instinto como base de nuestro conocimiento de un mundo común. [Traducción: Gabriela Montes de Oca V.]
Nociones logicistas en filosofía de la matemática
Authors: Fernández Ángel Nepomuceno
Published: March 2020

The point of view according to which logic has priority over mathematics has been maintained by some philosophers and mathematicians in two senses: a strong view and a weak view. Both of them are logicist: The first one regards mathematics as reducible to logic. The second one considers that the essence of mathematics can be known by researching the logical consequences of a certain system of postulates or axioms; thus, the underlying logic (whatever the mathematical theory might be) is crucial for this sort of studies.

Some logicist concepts are interesting in philosophy of mathematics. So it is necessary to study the state of being in use of each point of view. In fact, the weak view has prevailed. To show that, we settle down how logicist statements have been influenced by Gödel’s theorem, though that goes against formalist philosophy. Afterwards, we present a formal system for second order logic; treatment of nominalization is enclosed, and every Frege’s law is proved to be a theorem. Finally, a short balance is made.
El derecho humano de las mujeres al acceso a la información pública gubernamental: la experiencia en el Distrito Federal, México
Authors: Barrera Hernández Adina del C.
Published: March 2020

Con el objetivo de identificar las necesidades e intereses de la información pública gubernamental que tienen las requirentes en el Distrito Federal se elaboró un diagnóstico a partir del estudio de solicitudes realizadas por mujeres a través del Sistema INFOMEXDF de 2007 a 2012. La metodología utilizada se fundamentó en la perspectiva de género concatenada con la teoría de las necesidades de información que colocan en el centro de las políticas de información a las usuarias de los datos públicos. En este sentido, se buscó visibilizar el ejercicio que las mujeres hacen del derecho a la información pública gubernamental.
Índice de transparencia de la política pesquera en México
Authors: Hayashida Carrillo Ana Harumi , Cruz Cabrera Isidro , Rolón Sánchez José Eduardo , Morales García Uziel
Published: March 2020

Este artículo analiza una primera medición del estado que guarda la transparencia de la política pesquera en México. La metodología integra la evaluación del cumplimiento de la legislación en transparencia; las respuestas recibidas a las solicitudes de información de ciudadanos; las practicas de datos abiertos, así como un fuerte énfasis en la calidad de la información. Se estudian tres de los pilares en los que se basa la política pública pesquera, a saber: las aéreas de permisos y concesiones de pesca, los subsidios a la pesca, y la inspección y vigilancia. Los resultados del índice señalan la importancia de mejorar la calidad de la información para evaluar la política pública dentro de una perspectiva de rendición de cuentas. Los autores concluyen que si bien las instituciones públicas pueden cumplir con los requisitos que les impone el marco legal sobre la transparencia, esta información no es suficiente para que ciudadanos y sector productivo evalúen el desempeño institucional.
Canal del Congreso: ¿herramienta o pantalla para la rendición de cuentas legislativa?
Authors: Báez Caballero Omar
Published: March 2020

El Canal del Congreso en México constituye un buen ejemplo de las bondades públicas de la televisión legislativa en una democracia nueva, ya que desde sus orígenes amplió las opciones para el televidente, la red de medios públicos de información y las fuentes ciudadanas para el conocimiento del proceso legislativo. Sin embargo, los efectos del Canal del Congreso para la rendición de cuentas del Poder Legislativo han sido poco analizados de manera sistemática. Este artículo discute, mediante el análisis de iniciativas, leyes, encuestas, posicionamientos y otras fuentes documentales, los alcances de la televisión legislativa para la rendición de cuentas del Poder Legislativo en México. Como instrumento para la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas, el Canal del Congreso enfrenta límites de diversos tipos: alta indiferencia de la ciudadanía frente a sus transmisiones; acotada autonomía institucional, que lo supedita a la correlación de fuerzas legislativas, y las deficiencias en rendición de cuentas del Poder Legislativo, que demeritan los esfuerzos del Canal del Congreso en la materia.
Nuevos desafíos para la protección de datos personales en México. La regulación de la tecnología blockchain
Authors: Ocampo Muñoa Manuel Gustavo
Published: March 2020

En este documento se pretende verificar la importancia de contar con un marco regulatorio adecuado para el uso de la tecnología blockchain en México en lo relativo a la protección de los datos personales en posesión de los particulares, para lo cual se estudian brevemente la trascendencia jurídica de la utilización de la cadena de bloques en diferentes actividades y algunos temas específicos que lo entrelazan con ese derecho fundamental, así como sus beneficios y los retos de su implementación en el ámbito público.
Gobierno cercano y moderno: una mirada desde los estándares internacionales del acceso a la información pública
Authors: Chipuli Castillo Arturo Miguel
Published: March 2020

El Programa para un Gobierno Cercano y Moderno (PGCM) representó uno de los diversos programas transversales de política pública implementados por el gobierno federal mexicano como parte del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo para el periodo 2013-2018. Entre sus objetivos fundamentales se planteó la construcción de una política de gobierno abierto, que implicó diversas estrategias y líneas de acción tendientes, entre otras cosas, al desarrollo de la transparencia y del acceso a la información pública en el ámbito de la administración pública federal. Derivado de lo anterior, cabe preguntarse en qué medida el programa integró en su diseño el enfoque de derechos humanos para cumplir con las obligaciones en materia de acceso a la información pública. El argumento principal que el PGCM, a pesar de que estableció algunas estrategias y acciones con relación al derecho de acceso a la información pública, cumplió parcialmente con los estándares internacionales del citado derecho. Con motivo de lo anterior, el presente documento analiza los objetivos, las estrategias y las líneas de acción que integraron al PGCM a través de cinco unidades de análisis, de donde se concluye que el programa transversal observó un nivel bajo de cumplimiento del estándar internacional del derecho de acceso a la información pública.
Mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático mediante la implementación de modelos integrados para el manejo y aprovechamiento de los residuos pecuarios. Revisión
Authors: Galindo-Barboza Alberto Jorge , Domínguez-Araujo Gerardo , Arteaga-Garibay Ramón Ignacio , Salazar-Gutiérrez Gerardo
Published: March 2020

La optimización del manejo y utilización de las excretas, se debe a que las especies animales no aprovechan el 100% de los nutrientes consumidos del alimento, siendo la excreta una fuente potencial de éstos. La cantidad y calidad de la excreta depende de factores como el alimento, especie animal, etapa productiva, estado de salud y tipo de instalaciones. Los modelos integrados para manejo de residuos pecuarios, deben considerar la revalorización de éstos como materia prima, con objeto de desarrollar tecnologías que habiliten la recuperación de nutrientes. El ensilaje de cerdaza, la composta, vermicomposta y los sistemas de digestión anaerobia forman parte de estos esquemas. Por otro lado, la importancia de la bio-remediación radica en la utilización del potencial metabólico de los microorganismos para transformar los contaminantes orgánicos, pudiéndose utilizar para limpiar espacios o aguas contaminadas. La estrategia de adopción tecnológica se diseña y se inicia a través de establecer las características del material a tratar, su acondicionamiento y las condiciones de operación del proceso, para seleccionar los criterios y métodos para su escalamiento en cualquier sistema de producción.
Thoreau as an Oblique Mirror: Jon Krakauer’s Into the Wild
Authors: Vera José Sánchez
Published: March 2020

In his nonfiction biography of Christopher McCandless, Into the Wild, Jon Krakauer uses a plethora of references to Henry D. Thoreau. In this article I analyze Krakauer’s use of Thoreau’s economic ideas, liberalism, and view of nature and wilderness. I argue that Krakauer blurs a pragmatic understanding of Thoreau and uses techniques of fiction to create an appealing story and characterize McCandless as a latter-day Thoreauvian transcendentalist. By doing so, Krakauer explains and defends the protagonist’s actions from criticism, thereby making him appear as a character whose story is exceptional. Although the characterization of the protagonist as a follower of Thoreauvian ideals by means of a partial interpretation of Thoreau does not provide us with a better understanding of McCandless’s life, Krakauer’s extensive research and the critical self-reflection in the text produces a compelling nonfiction narrative. Moreover, the romantic image of Thoreau advanced by Krakauer reflects the preoccupations and issues that concerned Krakauer, or at least his times. Particularly, it reflects Krakauer’s own ideas concerning the negative effects of materialism on both ourselves and the natural world.
Claims by Anglo American feminists and Chicanas/os for alternative space: The LA art scene in the political 1970s
Authors: Zetterman Eva
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Originating in the context of the Civil Rights Movements and political activities addressing issues of race, gender and sexuality, the Women’s Liberation movement and the Chicano Movement became departures for two significant counter art movements in Los Angeles in the 1970s. This article explores some of the various reasons why Anglo American feminist artists and Chicana artists were not able to fully collaborate in the 1970s, provides some possible explanations for their separation, and argues that the Eurocentric imperative in visual fine art was challenged already in the 1970s by Chicana/o artists in Los Angeles. In so doing, the art activism by Anglo American feminists and Chicanas/os is comparatively investigated with Los Angeles as the spatial framework and the 1970s as the time frame. Four main components are discussed: their respective political aims, alternative art spaces, pedagogical frameworks and aesthetic strategies. The study found that the art activisms by Anglo American feminists and Chicanas/os differed. These findings suggest that a task ahead is to open up a dialogue with Chicana/o activist art, making space for more diverse representations of activities and political issues, both on the mainstream art scene and in the history of art.
Can't publish and be damned
Authors: Miller Daniel
Published: March 2020

A premise of academic anthropology is that we work within a structure that enables the best anthropologists producing the most scholarly and important research to make that work available to the community of anthropologists. We can therefore assume that published academic research exists to a degree commensurate with its quality. This premise is false. I believe it remains slightly more true of academic publishing in the UK than in some other countries, for example the US, but it is still false. The reason is that the forces and interests that represent the structures of publishing do not exist for the sole purpose of fulfilling this premise of academic authority. They have other interests and agendas that may not coincide with that ideal. And yet we continue to work as though there was no such discrepancy between theory and practice. This self-delusion has become increasingly problematic.
DIVERSIFICATION OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF HOUSEHOLDS IN PROVINCES OF POLAND
Authors: Grzywińska-Rąpca Małgorzata
Published: March 2020

Household disposable income, although it is not the only measure of quality of life and standard of living, is a key factor affecting the level and structure of consumption. Regional differences related to the economic situation of households were evaluated with the use of data describing the level of household disposable income per person, wages and disposable income. Although GDP can be only indirectly identified with the economic potential of households, the study also included disposable income per capita and the GDP achieved by administrative units. Based on descriptive characteristics of variables assumed for the analysis, the method of k-means was applied to group objects (provinces). The aim of the paper is to group the provinces based on the variables assumed for the analysis. The applied method of multidimensional analysis made it possible to group provinces into segments. Each of the segments contains provinces that are most similar to each other in terms of features assumed for the analysis. The presented results permit us to draw the indirect conclusion that in provinces with higher GDP per capita, the population acquires higher income and, consequently, consumption expenditures make up a smaller portion of the obtained income.
PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT SHARED SERVICES CENTRES – FROM AN INVENTORY OF SHARED SERVICE PROCESSES TO SLA DESIGNING
Authors: Modrzyński Paweł , Karaszewski Robert , Reuben Alicja
Published: March 2020

The efficiency and quality of performed tasks constitute one of the indicators of functioning of an organization in both the public and private sector. The article presents the experience of the Shared Services Centre (SSC) in Toruń in the managing processes conducted as a part of provided shared service. The management of the processes which are presented by the authors of the article includes inventories of taken-over processes, their standardisation, optimisation and the principles of constructing service level agreements (SLAs) concluded by the SSC with the served units.
CHANGES IN EUROPEAN UNION FARM STRUCTURE AND THEIR MULTIDIMENSIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Daniłowska Alina
Published: March 2020

The aim of the paper was to identify the tendencies in the farm structure in EU-28 countries from 2008 till 2016 and point out their implications. The analyses revealed that during the examined period the very impressive decrease in total farm number was observed. The changes of farm number and of farm structure by size class (in UAA) were very differentiated between countries. The increase in the share of the biggest farms in farm number and especially in utilised agricultural area indicates advanced process of agricultural land concentration in many EU countries. The highest concentration was observed in some post communistic countries, but it was very progressive in such important agricultural product producers as German, Denmark, France, Spain as well. The changes in farm structure have important implications for political power of farmers as an interest group at national and the EU level. They influence the provision of environmental and non-environmental public goods as well.
APPLICATION OF K-RECORDS IN THE INTERVAL ESTIMATION OF THE VALUE AT RISK MEASURE (VAR)
Authors: Dudziński Marcin , Wasilewska Ewa
Published: March 2020

Value at Risk, or shorter – VaR, is a major tool used in the processes related to the risk management of banks and other monetary institutions, as well as in the tasks connected with financial supervision and scrutiny. The VaR measure may be interpreted as the minimum amount of equity that the company should own in order to be able to cover its potential losses. Although many methods leading to VaR estimation have been established so far, there is still no universal and faultless approach of VaR calculation. In our work, the method of VaR estimation consisting in determination of confidence intervals for VaR in terms of the so-called k-records has been described and used. The proposed approach is illustrated with use of an example from banking sector, concerning the stock prices of PKO BP Bank in the period between 13.01.2017 and 22.03.2018.
EFFICIENCY OF NON-LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES AND ITS DETERMINANTS
Authors: Kozak Sylwester
Published: March 2020

The research evaluates efficiency of non-life insurance companies in Poland from 2002 till 2016 and determines factors affecting it. The stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) method was applied for estimating cost efficiency of 29 insurance companies and the panel data Tobit model for identification of the efficiency determinants. The results of the research showed significant volatility of companies’ efficiency scores changing from 62.5% in 2002 to 65.8% in 2007 and 59.4% in 2016. Efficiency of most companies was low and the average for the sector was driven by a small group of the most efficient entities. The efficiency was positively impacted by the value of company’s gross written premium and acquisition costs, an increase in the profitability and the average wage in the non-life insurance sector and a decrease in the sector’s concentration. Companies operated more efficiently in the environment of declining rates of the economic growth and inflation. These relationships were relevant for the entire sector, as well as for groups of companies characterized with higher and lower efficiency.
DETERMINANTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VINEYARDS AND WINE TOURISM IN POLAND
Authors: Mazurkiewicz-Pizło Anna , Pizło Wojciech
Published: March 2020

From the beginning of the 21st century, interest in vineyards and the production of wine from own grapes has increased in Poland, both from the demand and supply side. For many vineyard owners, this is a hobby that is unrelated to the professional work. The aim of this study is to identify the most important determinants that are beneficial to the development of wine-making and wine tourism in Poland. The analysis of secondary sources was used, including data collected by the Polish Agricultural Market Agency (since 2018 National Support Centre for Agriculture), the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OiV) and the Institute for Market Research GfK Polonia. It was found that the most important factors favouring the development of vines and vineyards in Poland are: global warming; production of more resistant vine strains; increased experience and skills of vineyard owners in the area of viticulture and wine production; activities of non-profit organizations related to vineyards; inclusion of Poland into the EU zone as a country with wine potential; legislative changes; promotion of Polish viticulture; increased wine consumption and the search for innovative and profitable forms of agriculture in rural areas.
SPATIAL INTEGRATION OF VEGETABLE WHOLESALE MARKETS IN POLAND ON THE SELECTED EXAMPLE
Authors: Sobczak Wioleta , Borkowski Bolesław , Zbyrowski Rafał
Published: March 2020

This article attempts to verify the phenomenon of price transmission between wholesale markets of carrots in Poland. Determining the level of spatial integration of markets will indicate their efficiency and thus can make it easier for producers to take decisions about where to sell their products. The empirical data includes daily quotations of carrot prices on fruit and vegetable wholesale markets in Bronisze, Kalisz, Poznań, Radom and Sandomierz. The time range of the studies covered the years 2011–2016. This research is based on dynamic econometric methods (sVAR model) and the Granger causality tests. The research carried out using dynamic econometric methods has shown that despite the occurrence of significant variation in the level of carrot prices in the examined markets, their interaction was observed. Moreover, the results of the sVAR model estimation indicate that the changes in carrot prices on a particular market are stronger influenced by the price changes from the same market. This is an autoregressive effect. It also means that the carrot price information coming from other wholesale markets (price transmission effect) has a much weaker effect.
PROMOTION OF REGIONAL FOOD PRODUCTS IN EASTERN POLAND AND WESTERN UKRAINE
Authors: Wojciechowska-Solis Julia , Soroka Andrzej
Published: March 2020

This article seeks to describe the attitude of residents of Eastern Poland and Western Ukraine towards regional food products. The objective of the project was to evaluate the elements of promotion, which encourage consumers to buy regional products. Author’s questionnaire was used in the survey of 1,128 residents from Poland, and 1,072 from Ukraine. The Likert five-point scale was used to measure the participant’s attitudes following the construction and validation procedure. The Statistica 13.1 PL program was used in statistical analysis. The most important promotional activities for residents in both countries were: presentation of food products at regional exhibitions, fairs and events of regional and foreign range. The increased interest in regional food products is a manifestation of new food-related tendencies and in particular to preserve behaviors and values stemming from the cultural heritage of both Poland and Ukraine. It is also connected with high quality of regional products. Appropriate promotion helps consumers see the value of regional products.
CONSUMERS ON ORGANIC FOOD MARKET – FACTORS DETERMINING THE CHOICE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
Authors: Angowski Marek , Bujanowicz-Haraś Barbara
Published: March 2020

The aim of the publication is to identify and evaluate the factors determining the choice of organic food products, establish links between them and decide which factors determining consumer choices on the dairy products market are the main. The analyses were based on the results of a survey conducted in 2016 on a group of 358 students. In the selection process, targeted selection methods were used. The study was carried out using the CAWI and the PAPI methods. The study uses methods of statistical analysis, including a comparative analysis of the behaviour of buyers and non-buyers of organic products and factor analysis to detect internal interdependencies between factors shaping purchasing decisions of buyers. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the most important factors taken into consideration when choosing organic food on the dairy market are related to the characteristics of the products. According to the surveyed buyers, an organic product is a product with a specific composition, fresh and without preservatives. The remaining factors are marketing communication, sales activation and “guarantee” of quality and healthiness of products in the form of certificates, markings and product brands.
TOURISM CLUSTER IN THE SAILING OPERATIONS OF SMALL SEAPORTS IN POLAND
Authors: Nowaczyk Piotr
Published: March 2020

Despite an improvement in sailing conditions, the potential of Polish small seaports is not fully used. The limitations in the supply of sailing services, resulting from fragmentation and the reluctance of local tourism enterprises to cooperate are one of the main causes of such situation. The article uses methods of literature review, comparative analysis, and in-depth interview. A maritime cluster in Barcelona, whose creation ensured additional benefits for tourism enterprises, was selected for comparison. The condition for the success of the initiative was the involvement of public authorities in the organization and operation of the cluster. The increase in attractiveness of the Polish tourism sector should be sought in expanding the scope and quality of provided services. The first of the mentioned goals will require establishing close cooperation between tourist enterprises, while the latter entails competitive struggle. The cluster concept creates the possibility of simultaneous cooperation and competition. Creating a sailing cluster shall require support from public authorities.
INFLUENCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EMPLOYEES UPON THEIR TENDENCY TO UNDERTAKE ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP AND COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOURS
Authors: Szostek Dawid
Published: March 2020

The paper discusses the influence of gender, age, education and type of position held upon employees’ tendency to undertake organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Particularly in Polish literature the relations have not been examined or discussed sufficiently. The author’s aim is to verify four hypotheses stating that the above-mentioned variables affect involvement of employees in OCB and CWB. Thus, the author used data obtained from an online questionnaire given to 535 respondents, who are active workers. The obtained results did not provide any grounds for rejection of the hypotheses.
ECONOMIC CONTEXTS OF DIFFERENCES IN DIGITAL EXCLUSION
Authors: Śmiałowski Tomasz , Ochnio Luiza
Published: March 2020

In the 21st century, the problem of digital divide is more and more dynamic. Lack of access to digital technology is now the same exclusion as once slavery, lack of access to education or to work. The paper presents the results of research on the impact of belonging to a socio-economic group and income on a scale and diversity of the digital divide of Polish households in 2003–2015. Author’s digital divide indicator was used to assess the impact. In the analyzed period, the scale of digital divide is gradually decreasing, however, its level depends on the socio-economic group and the income. From all socio-economic groups only in the group of students the digital exclusion as marginal. However, the phenomenon of digital divide was the most noticeable among the groups of farmers, pensioners and retirees – almost 80% of people from these groups were excluded or at risk of digital divide. In the case of the second analyzed factor, the research has shown that with the increase in income, the scale of digital divide and its diversification were getting smaller.
Peran Dukungan Otonomi Guru terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Pratama Mario
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini didasari atas prestasi belajar matematika siswa di Indonesia yang masih belum memuaskan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah prestasi belajar matematika siswa dapat diprediksi melalui dukungan otonomi guru pada siswa. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 183 siswa SMP. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan skala dukungan otonomi guru dan nilai ujian semester pelajaran matematika siswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa dukungan otonomi guru berhubungan dengan prestasi belajar matematika dengan korelasi sebesar 0,241 (p=0,002, p<0,01). Dukungan otonomi guru memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 5,1% terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa.Prestasi belajar matematika, dukungan otonomi guru
An Examination about "Focal Point" and "Scope” in Needs Analysis on Language Education
Authors: SÖNMEZ Hülya
Published: March 2020

In this study, studies on language education were examined and the focal point and scope characteristics of these studies during need assessment were determined. Since the focal point specifies the source of the needs in the process of determining needs, it can be associated with the individual (student and teacher). The scope implies the purpose of the language learn-ing process. For this reason, it is possible to relate the scope to the "why" question. Based on these two factors, it is aimed to present a different perspective in the process of determining the needs of language education in this research. The general survey model was used. The data collected by the general survey model were examined via the descriptive analysis meth-od. According to the findings, it was determined that students' and teachers' needs should be brought to the forefront in the process of determining the contents. Particularly in the content preparation process, it is necessary to focus on two aspects. The first aspect is how the content will be given according to the learners' needs. The second aspect is how to transfer the contents depending on the teachers’ needs. Therefore the elements of education should be able to update depending on the learner's needs and teacher's needs in the educational process. Because the learners' needs and teachers' needs are equally important. Based on this fact, the relationship between “focal point” and “scope” in education needs to be examined in more detail.
Teaching Poetry through Classroom Flipping among Prospective Teachers in a College of Education ? Action Research Report
Authors: Shermila Dr. A. Joycilin
Published: March 2020

Times have changed and teachers have evolved. New technologies have opened up the classroom to the outside world. Teachers who were seen with textbooks and blackboard are now using varied technological tools to empower learners to publish works and engage learners with live audience in real contexts. In this digital era an ever-expanding array of powerful software has been made available. The flipped classroom is a shift from passive to active learning to focus on higher order thinking skills such as analysis, synthesis and evaluation. This model of teaching combines pedagogy and learning technologies. Significant learning happens through facilitating active learning through engaged learners. In this approach learning materials are provided through text, video, audio and multimedia. Students take responsibility of their learning. They work together applying course concepts with guidance from the instructor. This increased interaction helps to create a learning community that encourages them to build knowledge inside and outside the classroom.
Cultural Hybridity: A Postcolonial Concept
Authors: Shah Dr. Manisha
Published: March 2020

In the present era of globalization and multiculturalism, contemporary literary scenario has been transformed as the texts have crossed the borders of nation and culture. Culture links a human being with the community and the community with the nation. To examine the issue of national or cultural identity of a Postcolonial immigrant in West is in a way a process to strip away the traditional conventional concept of culture and to view it from a globalized perspective. The diaspora writers deal with the lives of immigrants, who are in minority in the host nation hence considered subaltern. Each nation has its unique culture and tradition:  on one hand the immigrants have to succumb to the traditions of the culture of the host nation and on the other as they are rooted in the home land they try to preserve certain practices and traditions of the homeland culture. It is quite necessary to understand the concept of ‘cultural hybridity’ from Postcolonial perspective to embrace the concept of national identity of diasporic people.
Insurance innovation with mortgage loan
Authors: Sokolova Ekaterina Vladimirovna , Kotova Tatyana Vladimirovna , Chernikina Elena Vladimirovna
Published: March 2020

The article highlights the problem of digital transformation of the insurance sector, which can facilitate the effective interaction of all participants, increase information transparency and improve the quality of analytical data, optimize the business processes of insurers, and involve a wider range of insurance services in the online environment. To simplify the work with customer data in the processes of automated data collection, analysis and storage, it is necessary to create

a single database. Such a base can be an insurance history bureau. The development strategy of the insurance industry of the Russian Federation for 2019-2021 provides for the creation and use of insurance histories for various types of insurance by analogy with credit histories. Given that in recent years, along with traditional types of lending, mortgage lending has developed, it is proposed to create a mortgage insurance history bureau. Based on the data on issued and prematurely repaid mortgage loans for 2012-2018, the volumes of this information bureau were determined and a forecast was made for 2019-2023 on the number of existing mortgage loans. A business model for the creation and functioning of a mortgage insurance history bureau is proposed, and a cost-effectiveness calculation is made, confirming the feasibility of this proposal. The process of creating and operating a mortgage insurance history bureau is illustrated, which includes two stages:

a preparatory stage for development of a regulatory document of the Central Bank establishing an access procedure and a list of information provided by insurers, amendments and additions to the relevant federal law, software development and definition of a bureau administrator insurance histories; an operation stage for the transfer of the client's dossier with the main parameters of the loan to the credit history bureau after acquiring a mortgage, transfer of the insurance company information about the concluded insurance contract for insurance bureau, storing information during the term of the loan, and five years after his retirement.
Business analysis of Russian insurance market in terms of digitalization
Authors: Kushner Maxim Aleksandrovich , Kushner Anna Alekseevna
Published: March 2020

The article discusses aspects of business analysis of the Russian insurance market. The ability of enterprises and organizations to qualitatively analyze the external and internal environment in order to make management decisions necessary to improve efficiency and competitiveness is particularly important today. The situation is complicated by an overabundance of information about the external world due to the digital transformation of the global and national economy. The subject of business analysis is considered in the context of studying of the Russian insurance market, which plays an important role in the financial system of the national economy. It is assumed that a qualitative business analysis of the Russian insurance market should be based on the principles of reliability, objectivity, comparability, complexity, efficiency, visibility and target orientation. In order to improve the reliability, objectivity and comparability of the business analysis of the Russian insurance market, it is necessary to rely both on the official statistics data and on the administrative account data. Special attention in the analysis of the Russian insurance market is paid to the issues of complexity by maximizing the variability of the analysis tools used. It is proposed to use additional analytical sections and quantitative parameters. The importance of improving the efficiency and visibility of the business analysis of the Russian insurance market through the use of modern integrated software products that minimize the time and labor costs of accounting is emphasized. The possibilities of the Microsoft Power BI software product for business analysis of the Russian insurance market and advantages of its integration are analyzed. Based on the selected software product, it is proposed to use a number of visualizations that are necessary to increase the visibility of the achieved results. Groups of end users with examples of their target orientation and possible management situations in which the results of business analysis of the national insurance market can be used are analyzed. There is presented a conceptual diagram of business analysis of the insurance market in Russia describing the main stages from determining the purpose of the study to making decisions and implementing corrective actions
Planning business process reengineering as business management tool
Authors: Taraskina Yulia Victorovna , Azizova Eseniya Anatolievna , Kushner Anna Alekseevna
Published: March 2020

The article presents the methodical recommendations on planning the reengineering procedure of industrial enterprises. The industrial enterprise reengineering is defined as an effective management tool to overcome the inertia that arises in the process of managing industrial enterprises, to optimize the management system and to rebuild ineffective business processes. It has been stated that reengineering makes it possible for any economic system to function successfully, to adapt to changing environmental conditions, to increase manageability and to achieve goals in the shortest possible time and with the least expenditure of resources. The planning stage is the key in the development of a reengineering project for an industrial enterprise. The tasks of planning the reengineering procedure, the stages of implementation and their content are determined. In the context of the description of the first two stages, the criteria are given for determining the stage of the crisis, at which the industrial enterprise currently is, and the typology of business process reengineering, according to three classification criteria: depending on the extent of transformations, on the size of the industrial enterprise, on the initiator. The third stage contains recommendations for choosing a reengineering technique depending on the stage of the crisis and the type of reengineering. A classification of the reengineering methods recommended for use in carrying out radical (crisis) reengineering and reengineering of development has been developed. Recommendations are given on the formation of a system of targets for an industrial enterprise reengineering project. It is advisable to use the system of balanced indicators (Balanced Scorecard) and the system of target indicators KPI as effective tools for creating a system of targets. Both of these approaches are elements of targeted management or management by goals, and make it possible to evaluate the economic, resource and functional effectiveness of a reengineering project
Study of forming regional consumer goods basket
Authors: Abdulova Svetlana Yurievna , Gavrilova Olga Anatolievna
Published: March 2020

The article touches upon the problem of forming the consumer goods basket, which is an important social factor determining the living cost of the population. Analysis of the methods of calculating the consumer goods basket in the Russian Federation and in the Astrakhan region has shown that food products make up 50% of it, which is 2.5 times higher than their share in consumer goods baskets of economically developed countries. In terms of the variety of products and services, the consumer goods basket in Russia is a clear outsider: it contains 156 items against

350 - 475 items in Western Europe and the United States. It can be considered a consumer goods basket of the poor, because it only provides an opportunity to survive in conditions of austerity. The comparative analysis of food products included in the basket of the Astrakhan region and recommended by the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation revealed significant deviations from the rational consumption standards. Their observance will increase the living cost of different categories of population in the region from 4.5% to 20% and require an increase in regional budget expenditures for providing social support measures by 15%. It has been inferred that the dual role

of the food basket in the economy is explained by two opposite goals: social and budgetary. The goals of social development dictate the establishment of the volume of food consumption in accordance with scientific recommendations. The goals of budget savings lead to underestimation

of the basket cost due to using a limited number of cheap products and an incomplete list of goods and services for normal human life. It is necessary to review the composition of the consumer goods basket in favor of a healthier and more useful set of products, expanding the range of non-food items and the list of services. The expansion of the consumer basket can become an effective factor in the growth of consumption volumes, the growth of business income, taxes and the state budget, reach the higher living standards in accordance with the requirements of the social market economy
Global mineral fertilizer market analysis.
Authors: Dioujeva Natalya Valerievna , Tinkova Arina Aleksandrovna
Published: March 2020

The article presents an analysis of trends in the dynamics and structure of demand, supply, foreign trade, development factors of the world mineral fertilizer market: nitrogen, phosphate and potash segments. There have been identified the market trend of growing demand for mineral fertilizers, which has increased 6 times since 1961, the fact being connected with the population growth. A model of the correlation between the fertilizers demand growth and arable land scale shows the following correlation: when arable land scale increases by 1%, fertilizer consumption grows by 0.7%, with the determination of 50%. The calculation of changes in using fertilizers in terms of cutting down the arable land area under crops in the Russian Federation compared to the USSR using this model has revealed the fertilizer underutilization which is equal to the half of the amount that could be applied on average in Russia today. Production approached the regions of consumption and was relocated from the developed countries to developing ones. The largest dealers in the world market in 2017 were China, Russia, India, the USA, Canada, Brazil, and market concentration is quite high, especially in the potash segment. The dependence on foreign trade of both exporting and importing countries is high. Analysis of the specific market condition factors showed that the countries with the highest cereal yields in the world do not coincide with the largest fertilizer consumers. Since the cereal yields and the level of using fertilizers per hectare of arable land in the largest mineral fertilizers consuming countries are not directly correlated, the countries aiming to increase yields are less likely to achieve it by increasing their aggregate fertilizer consumption, but using other yields rising methods