bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mass hysteria and incidence rate control in the organized groups (RUDN University approach)
Authors: Danilina N. O. , Klimenko A. S. , Gulova Sh. , Seryapov V. A. , Nazyuta S. V.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of the comprehensive study of methods for countering mass panic and explosive morbidity in the organized community (on the example of a number of activities implemented at the RUDN University during the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic). The authors used elements of theoretical and empirical, sociological and experimental methods of research. After the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic of the new coronavirus in March 2020, the world will never be the same - most aspects of social interaction have changed, and the RUDN University could not stay away from global and all-Russian trends. In the article, the concept of dealing with stress and mass panic is considered not at the individual level, but at the level of the full-size medical institution with a multinational and multicultural community of 9000 people, completely isolated from the society. The authors managed to develop a model of doctors behavior, which proved to be effective when working with the younger generation (aged 18 to 35), including foreign students; provided an opportunity to control (to a certain limit) the mood of the masses on the entrusted territory, to ensure adherence to treatment and emotional support at all its stages. Due to the patients feeling of control over his condition, understanding of what is happening and, as a result, the development of critical perception of all information, the negative impact of the mass panic reaction was significantly reduced. Therefore, the authors achieved a disciplined organized community that followed all quarantine and isolation instructions, which significantly smoothed the peak of the incidence curve.
Data in the digital world: New opportunities or additional risks?
Authors: Vershinina I. A. , Liadova A. V.
Published: December 2020

The article is a review of the book by Deborah Lupton Data Selves: More-Than-Human Perspectives (New York: Polity Press, 2019), which continues the authors analysis of the same issues of changes in daily life under the impact of information digital technologies due to producing an increasing amount of various data including personal. This is an urgent issue due to the growing importance of digital technologies in the life of contemporary society, which became even more obvious under the current pandemic. Fast digitalization changes our everyday world, new technologies expand our capabilities; however, in addition to obvious benefits and advantages, new technologies also bring new risks. Lupton develops an original interpretation of the symbiosis of man and his digital data - she considers this symbiosis in the framework of the theory of neomaterialism and concludes that our personal living data is more-than-personal and more-than-human. Therefore, life in the digital world constructed by data becomes our new social reality.
TRADE IN DATA: DIFFERENT APPROACHES, ONE REALITY
Authors: Magomedova Olga S. , Koval Alexandra A. , Levashenko Antonina D.
Published: December 2020

The development of the digital economy and new technologies raises the question whether it is possible to consider personal data as a new economic asset. Provides an overview of the positions on this issue in foreign and domestic scholarships. Opinions range from recognition of trade in public values unacceptable to statements concerning a shadow data market. Based on a hypothetical assumption of data tradability, the authors examine approaches to the definition of personal data as an object of civil rights. The research paper demonstrates that possible obstacles to the introduction of economic data circulation can emerge from legislative formulations as well as from general legal approach to the regime of personal data defense. The research paper examines experience of different countries in providing legal conditions for the legitimate commercial processing the collected data. The article illustrates reasons why trade in personal data is not a threat to human information rights and explains how the problem of privacy defense can be resolved. The nascent experience of foreign countries suggests that profiting from data commerce requires to remove regulatory barriers, and at the same time to publicly accompany market processes, since the State remains the main guarantor of the rights of its citizens. Taking into account the current development of the Russian digital economy and the approach to understanding personal data as a social value, the authors present their own recommendations for the Russian legislator on realization of the data commercialization project. The article is prepared within the research work on the public order of the RANEPA.
FEDERAL PATENT COURT OF GERMANY AS AN INSTITUTE FOR THE PROTECTION OF PATENT RIGHTS
Authors: Kirilova Karina V.
Published: December 2020

The establishment of the Institute for the protection of patent rights, namely the establishment of the Federal patent court of Germany, has passed a rather difficult historical path. Interest to protection of patent rights was first identified in 1877, and that year the Patent law came into force; it is still relevant with a new version dated December 16, 1980. The German Federal patent court was established on 1 July 1961 as an independent Federal court. Strife for its establishment was conducted for a long time; it was accompanied by the need to introduce qualified specialists into that system, so called technical judges. The relevance lies in the borrowing of the German model of organization and functioning of the Federal patent court of the Federal Republic of Germany by other States to regulate the work of such a body in the judicial system of the country. The purpose of this article is to study the Institute for intellectual property protection in Germany. The author pays attention to the place and role of the Federal patent court of Germany in the German judicial system, as well as examines the legal regulation of the activities, structure and formation of the Federal patent court of Germany. The methodology of the research consists of the General scientific dialectical method of cognition and the methods that stem from it: systemic, logical, special-legal and statistical. In conclusion, the author of the study argues that today the most effective tool in ensuring and restoring violated intellectual rights is judicial protection, because the process of reviewing complaints in court contributes to finding objective solution to the dispute and allows restore the violated rights.
THE LEGAL FATE OF THE OBJECTS PLACED IN AREAS WITH SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE USE OF TERRITORIES IN VIOLATION OF ESTABLISHED RESTRICTIONS
Authors: Muravyeva Marina S.
Published: December 2020

The author considers the problem of placing buildings, structures and other objects in zones with special conditions for the use of territories in violation of the restrictions on the use of land plots established by law. Until August 2018, this issue was not regulated in the legislation, as well as the legal regime of protected zones and other zones with special conditions for the use of territories was not properly regulated. At the same time, the judicial practice on disputes over the demolition of these objects was not uniform. In connection with the adoption (in August 2018) of legislative acts affecting both the legal regulation of unauthorized buildings and regulation of the legal regime of zones with special conditions for the use of territories, the work makes attempts to analyze the current legislation, the main positions of the courts and understand the reasons that caused the adoption of new legislative acts. The author comes to the conclusion that at present the legal fate of objects located in zones with special conditions for the use of territories in violation of the restrictions established for land plots depends on a number of circumstances identified by the judicial authorities when considering disputes and having been enshrined in the norms of law. The methodological basis of the research is made up of general scientific (in particular, logical) and special legal (formal legal) methods of scientific knowledge. The logical method (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, etc.) made it possible to identify various legal grounds for the demolition of objects built in zones with special conditions for the use of territories in violation of the established restrictions. With the help of the formal legal method, the court practice of the applying the norms of civil legislation on unauthorized constructions in relation to the placement of objects in zones with special conditions for the use of territories was analyzed.
RESPONSIBILITY FOR TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS UNDER RUSSIAN CRIMINAL LAW: ISSUES OF LEGISLATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND LAW
Authors: Skripchenko Nina Yu.
Published: December 2020

Today, no state in the world can say with confidence that it does not face the problem of human trafficking as it does not depend on the geopolitical position of the country, nor on the socio-economic situation. The negative social consequences of the transformations in Russia at the end of the last century determined not only its transit destination during the illegal migration of labor, but also the role of the sender and recipient of human commodity (mainly women and children) intended for exploitation (i.e. including sexual), surrogacy, removal of organs and tissues. Trying to adhere to the international definition of human trafficking as much as possible and drawing on the existing experience of regulation, the Russian legislator enshrined the norm in the Criminal Code (Article 1271) containing editorial flaws that impeded its implementation. The purpose of the study is to formulate proposals to address the deficiencies identified during the study of the legislative definition of trafficking in persons, which cause difficulties in enforcement. The methodological basis is constituted by general scientific (analysis and synthesis, dialectics) and private scientific research methods (system-structural, formal-legal, logical, linguistic). The paper notes the terminological difficulties associated with the inclusion of Convention norms in the system of Russian law. Noting the need to establish enhanced guarantees of child safety, the author does not see the need for independent criminalization of trafficking in minors. By identifying technical and legal shortcomings in the definition of human trafficking and human exploitation, the author suggests ways to solve them by reforming the criminal law and judicial interpretation at the level of the Plenary Session of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.
FEATURES OF INTERVIEW OF ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: Bertovsky Lev V.
Published: December 2020

Relevance . The article considers current problems of a criminal procedural and forensic nature common for search and cognitive activities when dealong with older people with cognitive impairment. Successful developments in the field of medicine, an overall increase in the standard of living of the population, and the quality of social security have extended life span expectancy and, accordingly, led to the increase of the total number of older people. People from this category are increasingly involved in the orbit of criminal proceedings as witnesses and victims, and often as defendants (suspects). It should be understood and taken into account that, due to various diseases, changes in the mental state, social status of these persons and other reasons, obtaining verbal criminally relevant information from such participants in the criminal proceedings demonstrate certain specifics. However, at the moment, there are no forensic developments aimed at optimizing investigative actions involving older people. Relevant scientific research on this issue has not been conducted either in Russia or abroad. The aim of the work is the need to ensure the full realization of the rights and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings from among the elderly by developing and introducing forensic techniques into law enforcement in criminal investigations, which necessitates the initial definition of the problem and disclosing its essence. The materials for the study are scientific works of specialists in the field of psychology, gerontology, neurophysiology, forensic science, and statistical data, as well as the authors vast experience in the preliminary investigation of criminal cases as an investigator. The results and conclusions were obtained with the help of general scientific research methods: logical, systemic, sociological, as well as private-scientific and special: comparative-legal, formal-legal, interpretation, statistical, etc. Results: several conclusions have been made to strengthen the necessary to improve the regulatory framework governing participation of older people in criminal proceedings to ensure their legal rights and freedoms. Recommendations on preparation and conduct of investigative actions with participation of such categories of persons have been proposed.
JURISDICTION OF APPLICATIONS FOR THE REVISION OF JUDICIAL ACTS ON NEWLY DISCOVERED OR NEW CIRCUMSTANCES AND THE PROCEDURAL AND LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF ITS VIOLATION
Authors: Bagylly Safura T. , Pavlova Larisa N.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problematic items of choosing a court competent to review court decisions that have entered into legal force on newly discovered or new circumstances in civil and administrative proceedings. The aim of the authors is to conduct a study of the legal regulation of the jurisdiction of applications for review. The methodological basis of the article was formed by general scientific (analysis, analogy, description, synthesis, and systemic approach) and particular scientific methods (historical-legal, comparative-legal, and formal-legal). A retrospective analysis of legal acts of domestic legislation has been carried out. According to the results of the study, difficulties relate to interpreting and applying the existing rules on determining the appropriate instance for revision. Based on the analysis of the judicial practice of courts of general jurisdiction and arbitral courts, the authors come to the conclusion that there is no unified approach of the courts in determining the procedural and legal consequences of violations of the rules of jurisdiction. The conclusion summarizes proposals for improving the current legislation to eliminate ambiguities and achieve uniformity in judicial practice.
COMMUNICATION BARRIERS IN JURY TRIALS AND ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM
Authors: Bushtets Nikita V.
Published: December 2020

The use of the Institute of jurors in Russia has been expanded since June 1, 2018. Today, courts with the participation of jurors consider criminal cases in regional courts and equivalent ones, as well as in district courts. At the same time, legislative innovations also affected the number of citizens who are members of the jury. These changes dictate the need for a scientific understanding of what happened, including the development of proposals aimed at optimizing the work of courts, representatives of the state prosecution and defense with a jury. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to improve the organization of criminal proceedings carried out by a court with the participation of jurors, taking into account the psychological characteristics of the judge, the public Prosecutor, the defense lawyer and the jury. In the course of the work, the author considers the results of psychological and legal research, which in one way or another affects the communicative features of participants in criminal proceedings. The paper makes the following main conclusions: a) to establish in the normative legal acts of the Judicial Department the main requirements for the list of property and technical means that provide comfortable conditions for jurors during the trial; b) to conduct systematic work with the staff of judges and employees of the court interacting with jurors in accordance with the recommendations given in the article; c) provide judges and employees of the court with methodological guidance concerning communication with a jury on work issues.
THE GENESIS AND CRITICS OF THE PROSECUTORS AMICUS CURIAE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors: Kopylova Ekaterina A.
Published: December 2020

The article traces in detail the origins of the prosecutor amicus curiae in the practice of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. This mechanism will subsequently be endorsed by all the ad hoc international criminal tribunals. It is noted that their emergence is the result of an unsuccessful experience in prosecuting offences against the administration of justice by the Tribunal under the previous legal framework. It is also stressed that, despite its effectiveness, the prosecutor amicus curiae mechanism cannot constitute the central component of the policy of prosecuting such acts and that, at this stage, it may even be considered an obstacle to its formation, given the occasional nature of the prosecutor amicus curiaes intervention in the international criminal proceedings and lack of continuity. As an alternative, it is proposed to establish a special independent organ - the Prosecutor for the offences against the administration of justice - in the international criminal tribunals, including the International Criminal Court.
LEGAL INNOVATION (DOCTRINE, PRACTICE, TECHNIQUE). XXII INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL FORUM “YURTEKHNETICS”. PRESENTATION OF THE JOURNAL “RUDN JOURNAL OF LAW”
Authors: Andreeva Polina N.
Published: December 2020

On September 23-26, 2020, the XXII International Scientific and Practical Forum Yurtekhnetics on the topic Legal innovations (doctrine, practice, technology) was held in Nizhny Novgorod in the format of a round table: a discussion club of leading lawyers, teachers and postgraduate students from different regions of the Russian Federation. In this review the content of the main reports and the specifics of the sections and the round tables are summarised. Special attention is paid to the discussion of the new Nomenclature of scientific specialties, including jurisprudence. The journal RUDN Journal of Law was presented to the participants.
THE LAW OF THE FUTURE: SEARCHING FOR NEW TRUTHS OR CONSERVING TRADITIONAL VALUES?
Authors: Rafalyuk Elena E.
Published: December 2020

The digitalization of the economy and society, the introduction of artificial intelligence in human activities actualize a number of new issues related to both the legal support of these processes, and areas of development of law as a regulatory system, and the relationship between law and technology. Understanding of law in conjunction with other social institutions determines its role not only as a normative regulator, but as a cultural and historical phenomenon. The aim of the article is to analyze the problem of changing the value (ethical and moral) element of law in the context of technology development. The investigation will be based on an interdisciplinary approach. The author concludes that the progress of law is defined by the values protected by it, which traditionally includes justice, equality, good faith, common sense, etc. The transformation of human-technology relations at the present stage raises the question of moving toward technological humanism or turning to traditional humanism. The author formulates the hypothesis that the law in its value component cannot be replaced by artificial intelligence. The research studies the forms of securing value ideas in international law. By the example of international acts and case law it is shown that international organizations are in search of a balance between the use of artificial intelligence and respect for human rights. It is concluded that the law is able to maintain its essential foundation without turning into technology, addressing universal principles of law, and searching for the balance between scientific and technological progress and human rights.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION ON HUMAN CLONING: WORLD EXPERIENCE AND A PROMISING LEGAL MODEL FOR MODERN RUSSIA
Authors: Fetyukov Fyodor V.
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the research is due to the invariance of approaches to the legal regulation of public relations in the field of human cloning, the need for semantic differentiation of the concept of cloning, which ensures formation of an adequate attitude of society and the state to human cloning and development of an optimal model of legal regulation of public relations in this area. The purpose of the research is to select and justify a promising model of legal regulation of public relations in the field of human cloning in modern Russia. Achieving this goal calls for analysis of international legal acts and the system of legislation of foreign countries, as well as approaches to regulating public relations that have been formed in legal doctrine and medical practice. Based on the obtained empirical data, the author conducts a General theoretical characterization of the type of legal regulation, suggest recommendations for improving the legal regime, and substantiates the prospects of the proposed model of legal regulation of public relations in the field of human cloning. The level of philosophical methodology in the study is represented by the General principles of knowledge and categorical structure of science as a whole. The level of General scientific principles and forms of research is characterized by applying the systemic analysis techniques, the method of ascent from the abstract to the concrete, as well as General logical methods: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, and analogy. At the level of concrete scientific methodology, this study employs the comparative method and the special legal method.
MILITARY-ESTATE CODES IN MEDIEVAL JAPAN: ERA OF THE FIRST SHOGUNATES
Authors: Trikoz Elena N.
Published: December 2020

The phenomenon of clan-regional rulemaking during the military-oligarchic regime in medieval Japan is studied for the first time. The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis of the texts of the largest princely codes of daimyo and military houses, as well as the norms of the Bushido code . The analysis was carried out on the basis of historical-genetic and synchronous-logical methods using Japanese primary sources with a survey translation, as well as scientific and abstract materials of Japanese, English and Russian medieval studies. Among the results achieved, a typology and hierarchy of sources of traditional law of the Shogun period are identified. The evolution of the system of law sources from the Kamakura shogunate to the Miromati dynasty is traced. One of the most striking monuments of Kamakur law is examined (the military-estate code Goseibai Sikimoku, 1232). Its sources, structure, technic mode and criminal provisions are studied. The analysis of the Bushido code showed that this quasi-legal regulator of the samurai behavior was an eclectic code of norms and rules for the bushi warriors with their ideals of loyalty and patriotism. The main transition to a new stage in the legal history of Japan after the Kammu сode, 1336 and during the period of Warring Provinces was established. It was distinguished by an increase in the number and significance of local law monuments - princely and clan codes, city statutes and charters of merchants' houses. From this list, the author singled out and compared in juridical techniques the ten large bunkokuho codes published by the largest princes- daimyo in order to systematize local laws and streamline the administrative-judicial system.
LEGAL REGULATION OF COMMUNICATION PRIVACY IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
Authors: Izotova Anzhelika N.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the regulation of communication privacy, which is not only a guarantee of the individual right to confidentiality and privacy, but also a necessary condition for the collective freedom of speech, trust in communication services, which is essential for formation of the information society. The right to communication privacy with the advent of new communication technologies is being transformed and expanded, which requires updating and harmonization of the legal framework. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to reveal problems and contradictions in updating legal regulation of communication privacy, including by analyzing legislation and existent scientific approaches to the content of communication privacy, description of mechanisms for both ensuring and limiting communication privacy, as well as interaction of legal entities regarding communication privacy. The relationship between Russian and European legislation, which regulate communication privacy (ePrivacy) have been considered in this paper. The research methodology is represented by such methods as dialectical, analysis, analogies, formal-legal, comparative methods of research activity. The work demonstrates different approaches to determining the content of the right to communication privacy, expanding the range of professional subjects of communication privacy, and loosening the mechanisms for limiting this right in the direction of its expansion in the context of interrelations between subjects of legal relations concerning communication privacy.
Demonyms in the Pacific Alliance countries: morphological and semantic variation
Authors: Chesnokova Olga Stanislavovna , Radović Marija
Published: December 2020

The existing research on onomastics does not sufficiently reflect upon the relation between cultural codes and demonyms, having in mind that demonyms universally represent linguistic devices for expressing territorial and regional identity. The article focuses on the complex polyparadigmal analysis of the system of demonyms related to the macrotoponymy of the four founding countries of the Pacific Alliance: Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Each of the four founding countries of the Pacific Alliance is characterised by the uniqueness of its culture, historical development, the specifics of the national variant of Spanish that reflects the indigenous influence of substrates and the collective values of the society. The research tasks of the article consist in systemising the morphological devices and the cultural layers of demonyms connected with the administrative division of given countries, detecting the variation parameters, comparing them from the linguacultural point of view. The main material of the research have been 100 official demonyms of Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, and 31 variative denominations. The materials for the research are based on the official websites of the administrative units of the four countries, dictionaries data, diverse types of texts and discourse, as well as the notes of the informants speech. The research uses such methods as the continuous sampling method based on Internet sources, the analysis of dictionary definitions, the method of semantic interpretation, the morphological analysis, combined with interviews with informants whose interaction is made possible by the complex polyparadigmal analysis of the material. The authors have determined a series of lexemes that function as demonyms, analysed their form and content from the linguistic point of view. It has been revealed that the main tendency in the formation of suppletive demonyms for macrotoponyms are the terrain features and the assessment of ethnic background or mentality. The analysed demonyms manifest the relations of intralingual, intervariant homonymy, as well as hypo-hyperonymic relations. The complex analysis of the material has provided an opportunity to represent the demonym systems of Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru as multidimensional and at the same time inherent to the unified functional continuum of entity in Spanish-speaking countries. The research results have led to the conclusion that demonyms act as independent notions and generators of new meanings and allusions. It is recommended to use transliteration when translating suppletive demonyms, while their decoding amplifies the linguacultural competence of Spanish-language students and harmonises the intercultural dialogue with the native speakers of Chilean, Colombian, Mexican and Peruvian national variants of Spanish in the areas of education and business.
Review of O.A. Leontovich, M.A. Gulyaeva, O.V. Lunyova, M.S. Sokolova. 2019. Positive communication. Moscow: Gnosis. 295 p. ISBN 978-5-94244-072-5
Authors: Karasik Vladimir I.
Published: December 2020

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Online incivility in times of Covid-19: Social disunity and misperceptions of tourism industry in Poland
Authors: Kopytowska Monika , Krakowiak Radosław
Published: December 2020

Lockdowns and other counter-measures introduced by governments around the globe in the aftermath of the outbreak of coronavirus dealt a serious blow to tourism and the hospitality industry. Faced with bankruptcy and closure, tourism-related businesses raised the alarm and called for government support, which in turn triggered numerous comments from online audiences. Focusing on such online discourses and the incivility they abound with, the present article aims to address various aspects of the interface between the crisis, online communication and social polarization, as well as the constitutive and constituted nature of discourse. We bring under scrutiny the response of the online public to appeals from the tourism industry, working on the assumption that these Internet comments, in terms of content and form, have been considerably shaped by three factors, namely (1) public perception of the tourism industry, (2) culture-related emotionality patterns, as well as (3) techno-discursive design and the resulting dynamics of communication within cyberspace. Adopting the Media Proximization Approach (MPA), together with the CDA perspective on discourse and representation, and drawing on insights from studies on online communication we analyze and discuss the corpus of online comments (53,043 words) following 21 articles on the crisis within the tourism industry in Poland published between 6 March and 23 June 2020. Our findings show that the response of the online public, which is predominantly negative and at times hostile, reflects the socio-political polarization in Poland, enhanced by the sense of threat to life and health as well as the scarcity of resources. Cyberspace and its technological affordances considerably affect solidarity and disunity dynamics through representational and interpersonal proximization, enabling creation and perpetuation of stereotypes along with values and emotions. Acting as proximization triggers, nomination, predication and argumentation strategies both reflect and shape knowledge and axiological preferences, which constitute an integral part of the construction of social reality.
Predictors of correct interpretation of English and Bulgarian idioms by Russian speakers
Authors: Lavrova Nataliya A. , Nikulina Elena A.
Published: December 2020

During intercultural communication, it is crucial to interpret correctly and to use appropriately foreign idioms which are culturally marked and reflect linguistic and cultural identity of a speech community. Interlocutors should be aware of the cultural and historical precedents that gave rise to the primary image underlying idiomatic expressions and thus created their unique phraseological worldview. The aim of the research is to find out what is a better predictor of correct idiom interpretation - degree of proficiency in a foreign language or degree of genealogical kinship between the native and foreign languages. The topicality of the research is justified by the need for a deeper understanding of linguistic and cultural identity of native and foreign-language speakers, with a view to facilitate and enhance cross-cultural communication. The working hypothesis is that due to the close genealogical kinship between Russian and Bulgarian and the users advanced level of English, the number of correctly interpreted idioms may vary within a statistically significant medium range. The total sample comprises 5000 idioms (2500 English and 2500 Bulgarian ones). The subsample used in the experiment comprises 60 idioms (30 English and 30 Bulgarian ones) selected from The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms and Nov fraseologichen rechnik na bylgarskiya jezik (Нов фразеологичен речник на българския език) by means of stratified systematic sampling. The main methods used in the research include (1) comparative linguistic and cultural analyses, (2) scientific experimentation, (3) systematic and stratified sampling, and (4) a paired t-test. The experimental research and the paired t-test have proved our hypothesis and demonstrated that Russian participants correctly decode more Bulgarian than English idioms, with intergroup variation being statistically significant. Research findings have implications for cultural linguistics. Since translation loans (calques), isomorphic idioms, and idioms dating back to a common source are interpreted more quickly and more accurately than idioms which contain unique or culturally-loaded elements, such as old-fashioned words or proper names, access to cultural precedents that served as prototypes of set expressions contributes to a more seamless code-switching and enables communicants to penetrate deeper the mentality of a specific linguacultural community and thus become aware of the variability of cultural cognition and conceptualisation.
Four lessons from Zaliznyak
Authors: Miloslavsky Igor G.
Published: December 2020

The article refers to four most important features of Academician Andrei Zaliznyaks (1935-2017) scholarly heritage, which include: 1) a clear statement of the activity goal and the understanding of its place in the scientific cognition of the world; 2) a logical sequence of work stages and their clear understanding; 3) comprehension of all the other obvious consequences arising from the work done.Within the framework of those requirements, the author of the article is trying, in particular, to evaluate such public initiatives relating to the Russian language as the total dictation and the word of the year. The paper discusses the degree to which modern research of the Russian language is compliant with those requirements, and emphasizes the inconsistency of the prevailing aspectological concepts, as well as the variety of rules dealing with the composition of semantic components in a wordform, sentence, or uttering. The author is skeptical about the prospects of the research of modern Russian word formation prioritising the inventory of word-formation types which cannot act as basic units for any kind of speech activity. The critical reflection on the notion of postfix allows the author to conclude that units regarded in terms of their semantic characteristics and not their position in a word form are clearly distributed among suffixes and endings (according to A.A. Zaliznyak). He also emphasises the complete incoherence of tasks set during the morphological analysis at school. In conclusion, the author writes about the reduction of moral standards within the professional community and recalls the fourth lesson of A.A. Zaliznyak - not to hope that colleagues will quickly recognise the research results.
System of deictic coordinates and intertextual deixis in academic discourse
Authors: Korovina Irina V.
Published: December 2020

Until recently the deictic procedure in most research papers by Russian and foreign linguists has been discussed on the material of fiction texts and oral communication, where we deal with situational deixis, functioning within the framework of spatial-temporal coordinates. The system of these coordinates is not applicable to contextual deixis, whereas the system of deictic coordinates for contextual deixis has not been designed yet. Such a well-designed system of deictic coordinates for contextual deixis would allow scholars to analyze the functions of lexical units in speech in order to find out if they perform a deictic function. In other words, this system would enable researchers to define the scope of deictic elements, which at the moment is rather vague for the time being. In order to develop the system of deictic coordinates functioning within contextual deixis we have selected academic texts, where contextual deixis is especially vivid there, whereas situational deixis is not presented at all. The research is aimed at defining the main elements of the system of deictic coordinates functioning in academic texts. The material under analysis includes 1450 pages of linguistic research papers in English. The main methods of the research are contextual analysis and the constructive method, applied for designing the system of deictic coordinates and describing intertextual deixis. The research is yielded a system of deictic coordinates for contextual deixis which, designed throughout the research, consists of three elements: the deictic centre, the deictic vector, and the antecedent / subsequent element(s). The fact that the research is conducted on the English language material does not mean that this developed system of deictic coordinates can be applied only to texts written in English: this part of the research results is applicable to contextual deixis functioning in any text, regardless of its style, genre and the language it is written in. The proposed system of deictic coordinates is used to describe the new type of contextual deixis - the intertextual one, which is a peculiar feature of academic texts and not described in other researchers papers. Moreover, it provides the opportunity to define new deictic elements of intertextual deixis: intertextual references in brackets, and lexical units which, being full-fledged units of a local context, point at elements of vertical presupposition. Thus, the results of the research are relevant for defining the dimensions of the deictic procedure applied to contextual deixis.
Cross-cultural communication - lost in translation: A corpus study (based on the material from the Russian-Polish corpus)
Authors: Kononenko Irina Vital'evna
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to cross-cultural communication and its implementation in Polish translations of Russian fiction. Nowadays, both the study of national specifics relating to the worldviews of speakers of different languages, and the analysis of the way those worldviews are reflected in translation, are becoming more relevant. This article aims to study the properties of cross-cultural dialogue, which is mirrored in parallel fictional texts. The research material came from the Russian-Polish corpus. The analysis indicates that nationally specific features can manifest themselves on different levels of the language system - in vocabulary, phraseology, word formation, morphology, and syntax. The translation of sentences which include units representative of the Russian linguistic worldview demonstrates both cross-cultural successes and failures (omission of elements symbolic of Russian culture, their inaccurate interpretation or replacement with items typical of the Polish worldview). The existing printed and electronic dictionaries, as well as online translators, do not fully meet current requirements, including those related to conveying Russian cultural and linguistic senses by means of the Polish language. The practice of translating literary works from Russian into Polish demonstrates the need for further investigation of the worldviews of both nations.
Gourmandise in the hierarchy of values: A case study of French and Belgian proverbs and sayings
Authors: Nelyubova Natalia U. , Syomina Polina S. , Kazlauskiene Vitalija
Published: December 2020

The paremiological stock of a language is an important source of axiological information that helps to identify the features of a culture, peoples mentality, and their worldview. The paper is devoted to the study of gourmandise as a component of the French and Belgian worldviews reflected in the French language paremias. The aim of the research is to determine its place in the hierarchy of values of the native speakers of French and its Belgian variant. The research material includes 202 units obtained from Dictionnaire de proverbes et dictons (121 units) and from Proverbes et dictons de Belgique francophonie (81 units). The research methods include semantic, axiological, quantitative, and comparative analyses. The results of the study indicate that 5,9% of French and 6,6% of Belgian units of the total number presented in the dictionaries are devoted to food and gourmandize, which proves that they occupy an important place in the hierarchy of values in both cultures. More than half of the gastronomic proverbs and sayings have a positive connotation. Some types of food, such as bread, butter, and eggs, are symbolic for both ethnic groups. The analysis of gastronomic realities has revealed similar French and Belgian values (such as wealth, prosperity, happiness, health, pleasure, life) and antivalues (poverty, hunger, misery, disease, death, etc.). The obtained data contribute to the axiological studies of the worldview of the native speakers of various variants of the French language and can serve as a starting point for conducting similar research of other values, including those based on the material of other languages and cultures.
THE STATE OF SOCIETY AS A SOURCE OF EXTREMISM AND TERRORISM
Authors:   Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, SHULYAKOVSKAYA J.M. , KHVATOV D.A. ,   Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the work is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of conflict destructions in society in the form of socio-cultural contradictions that determine the manifestations of extremism and terrorism. The subject of the research is social norms aimed at regulating social relations in the sphere of overcoming manifestations of terrorism and extremism, determined by the conflict phenomena of society. Methodological basis - using the data of secondary research, an analysis of social attitudes and stereotypes that form a high level of extremist and terrorist manifestations, and in this regard, which is an indicator of the emergence of a state of anomie in society, was carried out. This article analyzes the main conflict destruction of society as a basic source of extremism and terrorism. Among them are the following: civilizational crisis, expressed in political and economic antagonism, split in society, strengthening of existing differences between the Eastern and Western worldviews. It is substantiated that these phenomena are associated with the deterioration of the state of society. The population under the pressure of threats comes to the conclusion that the public danger does not come from extremists and terrorists, but from representatives of public authorities who do not want to accept the political speculations of extremists and terrorists. In this situation, society itself becomes an "accomplice" of extremists and terrorists. As a result, the ways of overcoming the manifestations of terrorism and extremism determined by the conflict phenomena of society are identified.
INFLUENCE OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY ON THE LEVEL OF SOCIAL TENSION
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, KAIRA Y.V. , IBRAGIMOVA S.A. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2020

The social structure of modern Russian society is in a state of constant transformation. Social tension as a social phenomenon is a consequence of the growing dissatisfaction of social groups with their position. The study of the structure of society allows to understand the causes and characteristics of social tension. The purpose of the article to study the impact of the transformation of the social structure of society on the level of social tension. Research methodology - analysis of the history of studies of social tension in the context of transformation of the structure of society from the ancient era to the 20th century. As a result, the criteria and factors of social tension in society are substantiated. The main features of the social structure of society, which are characterized by a high level of social tension, are revealed. These factors include: a significant gap between the income of the upper and lower strata; an increase in the number of the poor; increased level of deprivation. Social tension is due to a number of contradictions between individuals of various kinds: material and property relations; social and professional; self-identification factors. An increase in the scale of these processes can lead to instability in society and protests.
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES OF MANAGEMENT OF DIGITAL HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, GOLOVINA T.A. , BELOLIPEZKAYA A.E. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study: to consider the theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of innovative strategies as a combination of economic, administrative and legal and organizational and managerial methods of human capital management in the context of digital transformation. The subject of this research is the process of improving human capital management based on a strategic approach using innovative information and communication technologies. Research methodology: the theoretical and methodological research was based on the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists concerning the paradigm of human capital management caused by digital transformation in the economy and society. Research results: Russian and foreign experience in human capital management based on a strategic approach is analyzed, the advantages of using digital technologies in making innovative management decisions to improve the system of forming and using human capital are identified. The digital transformation of human resources is a major investment that will pay off in the long term. In this regard, at the initial stages of the introduction of innovations, it is necessary to control and monitor the decisions made and balanced strategic planning, taking into account the assessment of the factors of the internal and external environment.
FORMATION OF AN INNOVATIVE STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IT ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, OVSYANNIKOVA S.I. , TIKHANOV E.L. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study: to consider the process of formation and implementation of an innovative strategy for the development of IT–enterprises – the sphere using tools that streamline the target guidelines of stakeholders in accordance with the general target vector of the organization's development. The subject of the research is economic, organizational and managerial relations in the process of forming an innovative strategy for the development of IT–enterprises. Research methodology: the research was in the analysis of the current state of innovative activity of IT–enterprises, determining the prospects for their development based on the implementation of innovations; the following methods were used: content – analysis of scientific publications; a critical analysis of the available approaches to the definition and research of the studied problems; comparative analysis and synthesis. Results of the research: the author's typology of innovative strategies for the development of IT–enterprises is presented. It is substantiated that in the context of modern socio-economic conditions, innovation is a priority aspect of the sustainability of IT–enterprises in the market. An innovative strategy is a competitive advantage for an organization and can increase its profitability. A model for the formation of an innovative development strategy for an IT enterprise and a step-by-step algorithm for its implementation, taking into account the interests of stakeholders, is proposed.