bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microwave Heating Performances of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Leaves with Silicon Carbide for Biofuel Upgrading
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Kashif Muhammad , Zhao Wenke , Zhang Yaning
Published: January 2025

Article
Microwave Heating Performances of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Leaves with Silicon Carbide for Biofuel Upgrading

Faizan Ahmad, Muhammad Kashif, Wenke Zhao and Yaning Zhang *

School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
* Correspondence: ynzhang@hit.edu.cn

Received: 4 December 2024; Revised: 31 December 2024; Accepted: 2 January 2025; Published: 9 January 2025

Abstract: Microwave heating is an efficient and effective heating method for upgrading biofuels. This study investigated the heating performance of eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves with and without silicon carbide (SiC) in a microwave chamber. The effects of quartz reactor volume (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mL), microwave power (400, 450, 500, 550, and 600 W), and SiC amount (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 g) on the heating performance were analyzed. The result showed that as the quartz reactor volume increased from 50 to 250 mL, the average heating rate of eucalyptus leaves without SiC decreased from 153.2 to 47.2 °C/min, while with SiC, it decreased from 366.8 to 106.2 °C/min. As the microwave power increased from 400 to 600 W, the average heating rate of eucalyptus leaves without SiC increased from 73.3 to 197.4 °C/min, and with SiC, it increased from 138.6 to 352.4 °C/min. When SiC amount increased from 0 to 10 g, the average heating rate of eucalyptus leaves increased from 73.9 to 352.4 °C/min. Relationships were proposed to describe the microwave heating performances of eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves with R2 of 0.9953–0.9999.
Ethical Issues In Medical Tourism In Africa
Authors: Olojede Helen Titilola
Published: January 2025

Medical tourism, (MT) the act of moving from one country to another to seek medical assistance, is a global phenomenon. Despite being an international occurrence with lots of literature on its social, political, or economic implications, this paper articulates its ethical concerns to the patient or ‘tourist’, the host and the destination countries. It, thus, addresses questions such as: what are some ethical issues in medical tourism? Is medical tourism a leisure enterprise, as the name suggests? Are there justifications for medical tourism? Adopting the scoping review methodology, the paper explores and synthesises existing literature to foreground a critical analysis of the ethical implications of medical tourism. Some of its findings concern ethical issues such as harm/risks, inequity/inequality of healthcare distribution, informed consent, and duty of care/quality of care. In addressing these issues, while critically analysing the adequacy of deontological ethics and preference utilitarianism, the paper argues that it is imperative that Africa not just compete for the global MT dollar but sit up and regulate MT activities. This requires coming up with a framework that would strike a balance between the benefits of MT and the burden of it. To this end, this paper proposes a regulation that promotes the common good of all: the patient, the departure and destination countries.
Sistem Informasi Arus Kas Dengan Metode Cash Basis Pada TK Mekarsari Sidokumpul Patean Kendal
Authors: Munifah Munifah  , Kasih Purwantini  , Eli Septiani
Published: January 2025

Mekarsari Kindergarten is a private school that was founded in 2015 with C accreditation and has one classroom located in Cipluk Sidokumpul Hamlet, Patean Kendal District, Central Java. As for the information system for receipts and expenditures in educational institutions, which still uses a manual system, in the data input process until the report is still written in recording financial transactions, especially in cash receipts and expenditures, by recording cash receipts and disbursements on receipts, then the information is summarized and recorded in the cash ledger. This makes the cycle spend most of its time in presenting financial reports, data discrepancies and large levels of errors can occur due to the large number of transactions that have been carried out, and double or double recording occurs if recorded manually. In addition, the speed of data input to report information may be late if needed at any time. This research aims to design a cash flow information system using the cash basis method, which makes it easier to record cash receipts and disbursements at Kindergarten Mekarsari Sidokumpul Patean Kendal using a computerized system. Building an effective and efficient information system in presenting financial reports. And minimize errors and deficiencies in input because every money received is immediately recorded into the system.
Investigation of Teachers' Perceptions and Practices of the Use of Translanguaging in CLIL Classrooms
Authors: Li Xiang
Published: January 2025

This study explores teachers’ perceptions and practices of translanguaging in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) classrooms. Focusing on three empirical studies conducted in Kazakhstan, Taiwan, and Spain, it investigates how teachers view translanguaging and how these perspectives shape their instructional methods. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods, the studies found varying levels of acceptance and implementation of translanguaging, influenced by local language policies, teachers’ educational level, and teacher-student linguistic differences. The research highlights the need for clear policy guidance and teacher training to effectively integrate translanguaging into CLIL classrooms. Implications for future research are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of minority language inclusion and student feedback in translanguaging practices.
Research on Debt Network Repayment Problem Based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming Modeling
Authors: Pan Lichen
Published: January 2025

This study aims to optimize the payment path in the debt network by constructing a mathematical model, thereby minimizing the number of payments in the debt repayment process. The key to the study is to reduce the number of edges with non-zero weights in the network and optimize the debt repayment path. To this end, this paper divides the nodes in the debt network into two categories: debtors and creditors, and transforms the problem into a classic transportation problem. However, unlike the linear programming model of the transportation problem, the goal of this study is to minimize the number of paths in the network. Therefore, a mixed integer linear programming model is established by introducing binary variables. Finally, the model is verified to be effective through Python simulation experiments and the gurobi optimization solver is used to solve the model, demonstrating its advantages in optimizing debt networks.
Optimization and Simulation of Production Lines Based on Flexsim
Authors: Zhang Chengyu , Lin Zhentao
Published: January 2025

With the rising labor cost in recent years, small and medium-sized enterprises are difficult to transform quickly due to the limitation of capital and technology, and thus their competitiveness in the industry becomes weaker. The simulation of production line by Flexsim software can analyze and improve the current situation of the production line at a relatively low cost, and provide corresponding data support for the optimization of the production line. This paper takes the wooden furniture production line of company A as an example, based on the combination of "IE" method and Flexsim simulation software to optimize the problems and bottlenecks in the production system, and uses Flexsim software to verify the simulation and put forward the production line optimization plan. Comparing the simulation data, it can be found that the balance rate of the production line of Company A has been improved by 46.71%, which effectively improves the efficiency of the production line, and provides a certain reference for the optimization of the wooden furniture production line of other small and medium-sized enterprises.
Innovative Research on the Integration of Guangxi Jing Nationality Music into Hybrid Teaching of Piano Group Classes for Chinese and Foreign College Students in Guangxi
Authors: Meng Fanqi , Huang Shiyu
Published: January 2025

This article carries out the "creative transformation and innovative development" of China's excellent traditional music culture and combines traditional ethnic music with modern teaching models. Through the online and offline hybrid teaching method of piano group lessons, Chinese students and international students in China are taught to learn Guangxi Jing nationality music. This study not only provides new ideas for the international communication of the inheritance, development and innovation of Jing nationality music, but also provides students with aesthetic education, improves students' ability to feel beauty, improves Chinese students' cultural confidence, and also improves international students in China. Improved the sense of identity with Chinese culture.
Analysis of the Hamstring Injuries among Soccer Athletes
Authors: Li Yumo
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, as the injury rate of hamstring injuries increases, it is important to find the effective recovery method. This article is in order to explain the reasons of why soccer athletes get hamstring injuries based on the detailed analysis of the injured structure anatomy of people, and discuss the functions and mechanisms of the injury, which include stretch and sprinting. Then explain both the modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors and risk group of human such as older people who has muscle weakness and the athletes who already experience the same injuries. Finally, the article provides several rehabilitation methods which can help athletes to do the recovery step by step, from soft tissue injuries, to reducing the inflammation and pain, then doing physiotherapy which includes the muscle strength training and flexibility training. Besides, it also gives an evaluation of each rehabilitation program to find the most effective and useful one and it also compare the similar rehabilitation program of L-protocol groups and C-protocol groups in many aspects. The common results show that by doing effective recovery, can help athletes with hamstring injuries return to the sports quickly. After that, several prevention methods are given in the article, such as doing warm up program and stretching before doing the sports, which can help athletes avoiding getting those kinds of injury
Squalene-Conjugated Drugs Exploit Endogenous Low-Density Lipoproteins for Enhanced Targeting for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yuan Ziqin
Published: January 2025

Cancer is a major global health threat and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Nucleotide analog chemodrugs are commonly used in the treatment of various solid tumors, but their clinical efficacy is often limited by rapid blood metabolization, poor intracellular diffusion and significant side effects due to non-selectivity targeting. To address these challenges, this study investigates the potential of conjugating squalenea natural triterpene and cholesterol biosynthesis precursorto two model chemodrugs to enhance the drug's incorporation into endogenous low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) for targeted cancer delivery. By leveraging the natural affinity of lipoproteins for cancer cells with overexpressed lipoprotein receptors, this approach can potentially improve the drugs specificity to cancer cells and accumulation at tumor sites. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we found that squalene-conjugated drugs have favorable partitioning into LDL interior with a deep negative free energy well. It confirms that squalene-drug conjugates possess the significantly higher affinity to LDL and the potential to exploit LDL for targeting cancer cells. The improved drug behaviors are expected to improve drug circulation and tumor accumulation. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential of squalene-conjugated chemodrugs as a novel strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of nucleoside analogs in cancer treatment
Current Status of Research on Marine Nitrous Oxide Greenhouse Gases
Authors: Zhou Zinuo
Published: January 2025

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 200 times that of carbon dioxide (CO) [1]. N2O not only enhances the greenhouse effect but also breaks down in the stratosphere to produce nitrogen oxides (NO), which catalyze the destruction of the ozone layer [2]. This article reviews studies on N2O, exploring its distribution and generation mechanisms in various marine regions and discussing its environmental impact.The ocean is the largest natural source of N2O, with significant contributions from oxygen-deficient zones (ODZs) where high rates of nitrification and incomplete denitrification occur. Other high-oxygen areas, which cover 97% of the ocean, have different production mechanisms that are not well understood [4].This article aims to summarize the formation mechanisms, distribution, and effects of N2O, providing an overview of its current research status as a greenhouse gas
Risk Factors and the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
Authors: Li Wantang
Published: January 2025

With the change in lifestyles, the incidence of diabetes is on the increase year by year, seriously affecting the quality of peoples lives. Among all the types of diabetes, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common. The risk of T2D increases with age and the proportion of risk trends now towards youthfulness. T2D has a complex mechanism of etiology. It is generally accepted that this is a metabolic disorder mainly due to defective insulin secretion by pancreatic -cells, reduced responsiveness, and sensitivity of insulin-sensitive organs or tissues (liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, etc.) to insulin. This article will summarize the associated risk factors of T2D, inform clinical practice work, and public health policy designation. Additionally, traditional antihyperglycemic drugs may lead to adverse reactions such as hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal reactions. To better control blood sugar, reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, and delay or mitigate T2D complications, this article also lays out part of the new target drugs with therapeutic potential on the market, producing more drug selection to treat T2D. More studies targeting patients with all types of T2D are needed to better serve patients
Research on the Nutritional Secrets of Cereal
Authors: Zhang Han
Published: January 2025

Breakfast cereal has gained popularity among many households as it offers a quick and convenient start to the day. However, not all cereals are alike, especially when it comes to their nutritional profiles. As the quality of life improves, people are increasingly concerned about the healthiness of their food. As the quality of life improves, people are becoming more and more concerned about the health of their food, care about the calorie content of food, and the sugar content is also a popular issue that people widely talk about. This essay will delve into the factors that influence the caloric content of cereals, examining a variety of elements such as ingredient composition, added sugars, and other nutritional facts. By analyzing these factors, it will provide advice and insights for making healthier cereal choices that align with nutritional goals. Whether people are seeking a low-calorie option to aid in weight management or a healthier lifestyle, understanding what makes the calories different can help make a wise choice
China-US 5G Competition: Narrow Economic Competition and Broad Security Competition
Authors: Zhang Qixin
Published: January 2025

Currently, China and the United States are competing in various fields. Among them, science and technology, especially the field of 5G, is the primary area of competition between the two countries. It not only involves science and technology but also plays a decisive role in national security in the economic, political, military, and other fields. This paper explores whether the China-US 5G competition is economic or security competition from offensive realism. Besides, this paper also examines the role of economic ties and the international community in providing flexibility in the formulation of China-US 5G security strategies. This paper validates the underlying assumptions of offensive realism and supplements the literature that has previously neglected this theoretical perspective and the flexible factors of security competition. These findings suggest that with survival as the goal, great powers continuously take steps to maintain national security and maximize their survival prospects. The research results show that the China-US 5G competition is a broader national security competition based on economic competition.
DJIs Internationalization Path and Strategies Facing Challenges from the Perspective of Economics
Authors: Liu Xin
Published: January 2025

With the acceleration of globalization, cross-border trade is becoming more and more important, and the overseas market expansion of technology enterprises has attracted much attention. As a representative of Chinese technology enterprises, Shenzhen DJI Sciences and Technologies Ltd (DJI) has performed outstandingly in the field of drones and successfully gone international from domestic market. As an emerging technology product, drones have broad application prospects and growing demand. DJI faces market competition and challenges in cross-border trade, such as political risks, technical barriers, and trade frictions. However, it actively responds through innovation and optimization. While developing new technologies, it is also constantly improving the security system for users. This study analyzes DJIs internationalization path and its strategy to deal with the pressure of the United States from an economic perspective. It has played a good role in the overseas development of Chinese science and technology enterprises. Its successful experience is of referencing significance for the overseas expansion of other technology enterprises.
Analysis on the Influencing Factors of the Effectiveness of Forward Guidance
Authors: Ren Xinglei
Published: January 2025

Economic growth is confronting a downturn despite the low interest rate. Forward Guidance (FG) has been studied and applied to monetary policy for a long time within countries where interest rate is close to the Zero Lower Bound (ZLB). Central banks resorted to FG in practice and have been benefited from the exclusive advantage of it. The paper studies the FG during the period of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), focusing on the factors that influence the effectiveness of FG and how these factors work in a market mechanism. The research on identified factors challenges the popular proposition that Delphic FG is better off than Odyssean FG. From the transmission channels to the contents of FG, this paper provides an overview of the factors and the mechanisms, as well as recommendations for central banks in terms of the evaluation on the effectiveness of FG. The policy makers are suggested to be more careful when apply FG. Besides, the responses of market agencies should be considered when formulating central bank communication.
Redefining the Meaning of Production Relations in the Context of the Digital Economy
Authors: Ni Yiming , Ren Yuheng , Li Yufan
Published: January 2025

This paper adopts a perspective centered on the digital economic environment to define the concept of traditional production relations. It achieves this by conducting a comprehensive analysis of existing relevant literature. Additionally, the paper explores the boundaries of the connotation of production relations within the context of the digital economy. Furthermore, it proposes a mechanism that elucidates the influence of the digital economic environment on production relations. Lastly, the paper uncovers the underlying patterns governing the evolution of production relations within the digital economic climate.
An Evaluation Research of Suning Tesco Merchants Carrefour
Authors: Zhao Jiayue
Published: January 2025

In 2019, Suning Tesco announced the acquisition of 80%of the shares of Carrefour China for RMB 4.3 billion. The mergers and acquisitions marked important measures to further deepen the layout of retail business and expand offline channels. Carrefour China has faced operating difficulties for a long time, while Suning hopes to enhance its competitiveness in the retail industry through mergers and acquisitions to accelerate online and offline integration. Suning completed the acquisition through its subsidiary Suning Commercial Trade, and promised to further invest in Carrefour China, promote its transformation and upgrading, and improve store operation efficiency and supply chain management. In the integration of mergers and acquisitions, Suning plans to use its advantages in big data, logistics and technology to enhance the competitiveness of Carrefour in the Chinese market, and position the Carrefour China as a "offline experience, online shopping" retail platform. For Suning, the acquisition not only enhances its advantages in the traditional retail field, but also promotes the in -depth integration of e -commerce and physical retail; Carrefour China can use Suning's localization experience and e -commerce platform to improve its operations. Status, enhance market share. In general, this M&A has brought synergy effects to both parties and promoted the innovation and transformation of the retail industry.
Research on Assembly Robots Based on Flexible Control Technology
Authors: Liu Bingjie
Published: January 2025

Industrial robots play a vital role in modern production automation, especially in improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs. However, traditional robot position control methods often have difficulty coping with complex assembly tasks, especially in changing environments. To solve this problem, flexible control technology has emerged, which can dynamically adjust the state of the robot according to the force applied by the external environment, thereby effectively avoiding rigid collisions and improving the accuracy and safety of the robot. This paper summarizes recent research on force-aware control in scenarios of shaft-hole assembly, including improvements to traditional force-position hybrid control and the introduction of intelligent control principles. This technique has significantly improved the efficiency and success rate of the alignment and loading phases. However, the high cost of force-aware control and data transmission limitations remain challenges. Future research should focus on improving system flexibility, expanding application scope and optimizing the underlying hardware to drive robotics towards intelligence and refinement
From Building Materials to Environmental Management: Optimization of Building Recycling and Reuse Strategies Based on Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Chen Peiqi
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the recycling and reuse practices for building materials will be optimised by applying Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to build sustainable buildings. Assessing the environmental footprint throughout the lifecycle, LCAs approach highlights high-impact materials and recommends lighter-footprint alternatives. GIS can help map recycling sites and distribution networks to cut emissions and streamline material recyclage logistics. Additionally, AI models are used to forecast material degrading which will improve sorting efficiency and minimise human error during recycling. Study findings prove the need for an integrated strategy, where LCA provides environmental information, GIS facilitates logistics, and AI ensures recycling accuracy. According to the results, this multi-faceted system has the potential to revolutionise construction by reducing waste, reducing emissions and driving sustainable development. The research concludes with practical take-home lessons for industry adoption and research priorities that will enable the global transition to sustainable building
Report on the Elements and Composition of Emerging Contaminants in Water Bodies of China
Authors: Zuo Chengyu
Published: January 2025

In the context of rapid industrialization and urbanization in China over the past few years, the issue of water pollution has emerged as a significant concern. This article provides a comprehensive literature review on the research conducted on water body conditions in China over the past few decades. The review encompasses various studies that have examined the pollution levels of different types of water sources across the country, as well as identified different types of pollutants present in these water bodies. The contamination level is found to be varying over the past 20 to 30 years time, with a continuing increasing focus over the polluting power of neo-pollutants, the PFAS. Continued research efforts are necessary to monitor changes in pollution levels over time accurately. In addition, implementing effective regulations and adopting sustainable practices will be vital steps towards mitigating further degradation of precious water bodies in China.
Intelligent technologies in traffic flow control: a review
Authors: Xie Aoyu
Published: January 2025

With the acceleration of global urbanization, traffic congestion has become a major bottleneck in the development of modern cities, leading to serious economic losses and a decline in the quality of life. To address this challenge, traffic flow prediction techniques have received much attention. This paper reviews the application of three key technologies, including 5G, artificial intelligence (AI), and vehicular networking (V2X) in intelligent traffic management. 5G technology provides a communication foundation with high speed rates, low latency, and large-scale device connectivity, which effectively supports real-time data transmission and communication needs. AI technology, on the other hand, with its powerful data processing capability, is able to make high-precision traffic predictions in dynamic traffic environments. However, the effectiveness of AI models is highly dependent on the support of high-quality data.V2X technology greatly improves road safety and traffic mobility by realizing real-time information exchange between vehicles and infrastructure. However, relying on a single technology alone cannot comprehensively solve complex transportation problems. For this reason, this paper proposes a technology fusion scheme of 5G, AI, and V2X, aiming to optimize the intelligence level of the traffic management system through the complementary advantages of each technology. The study shows that the synergistic application of the technologies can not only effectively alleviate traffic congestion but also improve the overall safety of roads, providing a feasible solution for the future intelligent transportation system in cities.
Graphene in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Challenges, Improvement Strategies and Future Prospects
Authors: Ying Jerry
Published: January 2025

Lithium-sulfur batteries have advantages such as high theoretical energy density, but suffer from poor sulfur conductivity, polysulfur shuttle effect and volume expansion. Graphene shows potential to enhance the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries due to its high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area. This paper explores the application of graphene in lithium-sulfur batteries through a literature review. Graphene can be used to modify cathode materials, which can be prepared by methods include chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal synthesis and sol-gel method, so as to improve the electrical conductivity and inhibit the shuttle effect. The addition of graphene to the diaphragm facilitates the formation of a physical barrier layer, which can effectively impede polysulfide migration, enhance ion transport properties, and augment the mechanical strength and stability of the diaphragm. After modification of the electrolyte, graphene enhances ionic conductivity, inhibits polysulfide shuttling, and improves the performance of the electrode/electrolyte interface. However, there are still some challenges, such as the difficulty of completely eliminating the polysulfide shuttle effect, the high cost, and the stability of the electrode structure to be improved. In the future, the composite process of graphene and sulfur, the development of low-cost and high-performance graphene materials, and the comprehensive application of graphene modification strategies should be optimized to promote the development of lithium-sulfur battery technology.
Research on Human-Machine Interaction Control Technology for Lower Limb Exoskeleton Rehabilitation Robots
Authors: Yuan Chengxu
Published: January 2025

In response to the health assurance challenges faced by the elderly population in Chinas aging society and to mitigate the shortage of medical resources while improving the rehabilitation rate of patients with central nervous system injuries, research on lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots has been widely conducted. Since the 1960s, countries such as Switzerland, the United States, the Netherlands, Germany, Japan, and China have successively developed relatively mature standing and recumbent lower limb exoskeleton systems. This paper builds the kinematic and dynamic models of a lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robot based on a two-link mechanism, laying the theoretical foundation and implementation approach for processing position, velocity, and torque sensor signals in human-machine interaction control. Based on domestic and international progress as well as kinematic and dynamic analysis, four types of human-machine interaction control technologiestrajectory tracking control, force-position hybrid control, impedance control, and bioelectrical signal controlare thoroughly analyzed, providing a technical framework for engineering implementation. In the future, lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots will integrate lightweight materials and structural design, intelligent adaptive algorithms, and environmental perception technologies, utilizing low-cost open-source platforms to optimize human-machine interaction control technology for more efficient, safe, and personalized rehabilitation training
Deep reinforcement learning-based gait optimization for bionic quadruped robots
Authors: Wang Junqing
Published: January 2025

With the development of natural science and technology, bionic robots are gradually becoming popular in different workplaces, and bionic quadrupedal robots are one of the most widely used categories at present. In recent years, people have been looking for ways to optimize the gait of bionic quadrupedal robots, so that they can complete their work more quickly and efficiently while adapting to environmental changes. Based on recent research and innovations, the existing mechanisms of the robot have been improved and different designs have been introduced to enhance its capabilities, such as improved balance, increased speed, or better obstacle navigation. At the same time, multi-objective optimization and deep reinforcement learning have been used to train the robot's gait through intelligent algorithms. Additionally, different optimization schemes have been tested using various simulation environments to ensure excellent motion control across different terrains. In this paper, by collecting gait optimization solutions in recent years, it is found that existing techniques have greatly reduced gait instability and improved the overall performance of the robot while maintaining efficient robot motion, which greatly satisfies the usage requirements.
Applications of Op-Amp in Automatic Circuit Design
Authors: Hu Zihao
Published: January 2025

Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are widely used in automatic circuits. It can amplify, filter, sum, integrate and differentiate the voltage, current and power, and it is one of the indispensable key components in modern electronic technology. The paper, through a method of literature review, explores the working principle and usage of operational amplifiers. Initially, the paper introduces the basic concepts and principles of operational amplifiers, laying a theoretical foundation for subsequent analysis. Then, it meticulously analyzes typical applications of operational amplifiers in analog circuit design, including basic amplification circuits, filters, and signal processing circuits. The paper further explores the pivotal role of operational amplifiers in digital circuits, with a focus on the design of digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion circuits. In the section on automatic control circuit design, the paper discusses feedback control systems, the design of PID controllers, and stability analysis. Finally, the paper looks forward to innovative applications of operational amplifiers in modern circuit design, such as power management, high-speed signal amplification, and low-power design. This research aims to provide practical design ideas and references for engineering designers to enhance the automation and intelligence of circuit design.
Research on the Performance Optimization of Molybdenum Disulfide for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Xu Ze
Published: January 2025

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), as a typical transition metal chalcogenide compound, has emerged as a research hotspot in nanomaterials due to its excellent electrochemical properties and catalytic activity. However, conventional MoS2 exhibits certain limitations in terms of its catalytic performance, electrical conductivity, and cycling stability. To address these issues, this paper aims to explore the improvement of the multifunctional performance of MoS2 via different performance optimisation strategies, such as heteroatom doping, semiconductor composites, as well as metallic and non-metallic loading. By reviewing and analyzing the relevant literature on the performance enhancement of MoS2 in recent years, this paper summarizes the specific applications and effects of these optimization strategies, highlighting that they significantly improve the performance of MoS2 in fields such as optics, electrochemical catalysis, lithium batteries, and supercapacitors, particularly in terms of catalytic activity, electrical conductivity, and cycling stability. The results indicate that the optimisation of MoS2 performance provides an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for its application in energy storage and catalytic hydrogen evolution.
An Analysis of the Role of Aluminum-based Bulking Agents in Food Products
Authors: Chen Yuxi
Published: January 2025

The food industry's evolution has witnessed a significant shift in consumer preferences and regulatory approaches towards food additives. The mid-20th century was characterized by the prevalent use of food additives, frequently without thorough examination. In contrast, contemporary trends prioritize "clean labels" that highlight descriptors such as "gluten-free," "organic," and "additive-free." This shift reflects growing consumer awareness of potential health risks associated with certain additives, particularly bulking agents. This article explores the function of aluminum-based bulking agents in food items, emphasizing their prevalence, modes of action, possible health implications, and existing regulatory frameworks. This paper will analyze the potential long-term health implications of aluminum exposure and explore the feasibility of developing alternative bulking agents with minimal adverse effects. This study underscores the essential equilibrium between improving the characteristics of food products and ensuring public health protection. The primary objective is to advance the comprehension of the intricate issues related to food additive regulations and to support informed decision-making in the advancement of food safety.
A Vehicle Adaptive Cruise Control Method Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
Authors: Kong Lingzhi
Published: January 2025

Adaptive cruise control (ACC) is an upgrade to the traditional cruise control system in vehicles. This paper presents an adaptive cruise control method based on the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm. The Actor network computes actions based on the current state, adding noise to enhance exploration. The Critic network computes the Q-value of the current state-action pair. The Actor target network and Critic target network compute the Q-value of the next state-action pair. The gradient descent method is used to minimize the loss function of the Critic network, which includes the error between the real Q-value and the target Q-value. By integrating an Actor-Critic network, the system demonstrates improved adaptability and efficiency over traditional ACC methods, as shown through simulated experiments
Vehicle-mounted Millimeter-wave Radar Target Recognition Technology
Authors: Li Yu
Published: January 2025

Vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar target tracking technology is a technology that uses millimeter-wave radar equipment to detect and track targets around the vehicle. This technology relies on specific characteristics of radar signals, such as frequency and amplitude, and analyzes the reflected signals from targets to gather information. Through algorithm processing and analysis, it can track the target's position, speed and trajectory. The basic principle of vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar target tracking is to use radar equipment to transmit radio frequency signals. When the signal encounters an object, it is reflected back to the radar device, providing information about the target. This article explains this new technology in three parts: the working principle of millimeter-wave radar, various cutting-edge algorithms in the technology, and its application in vehicles. The integration of millimeter-wave radar technology represents a significant advancement in vehicle safety and autonomous driving capabilities. Furthermore, understanding these technological components is crucial for developing more efficient and reliable vehicle detection systems.
4-bit Absolute-value Detector Based on Multisim
Authors: Dai Haolin
Published: January 2025

In many circuit systems, it is necessary to compare the amplitude of the signal, so it is necessary to design an absolute value comparator to compare the input values. This paper introduces a four-bit binary absolute value comparator, which can realize the size comparison of four-bit binary signed numbers. This paper introduces some basic working principles of the absolute value comparator through the truth table. The absolute value is obtained by using the adder to invert the input four-digit number and add 1. The three-bit comparator is realized by connecting the three comparators, and the four-bit absolute value circuit is connected with the three-bit comparator to realize the four-bit signed absolute value comparator. The final design results are displayed using the simulation software Multisim, and it can be observed that the circuit works in a normal way. Finally, this circuit is simple and easy to implement, and has good delay and energy consumption. In the future, it can be composed of existing components such as half adders and comparators, which can reduce the design cost and design difficulty to a certain extent.
Research on the High-Efficiency Wireless Bidirectional Charging and Discharging System for Electric Vehicles Based on the LCC-S Compensation Network
Authors: Gu Tianqing
Published: January 2025

In response to the existing issues of poor anti-offset performance and insufficient width of the matchable voltage range at the DC end in the current bidirectional wireless power transfer (BWPT) system for electric vehicles, an efficient wireless bidirectional charging and discharging system for electric vehicles based on the LCC-S compensation network is proposed. Compared with the topological structure of the traditional two-stage wireless bidirectional charging and discharging system, this system adds a DC-DC module in the on-board equipment, while the BWPT link adopts the LCC-S compensation topology. Moreover, this system realizes DC side voltage matching and transmission power regulation through the DC converter on the vehicle side. Under the premise of no control-level data communication between the primary and secondary sides, it achieves efficient, stable and reliable wireless bidirectional charging and discharging control. Finally, the working characteristics of the proposed system are tested through experiments. The results indicate that the system can maintain efficient, stable and reliable bidirectional operation under the conditions of a large offset range and wide voltage range at the DC side
ЦИФРОВЫЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ БРЕНДИНГА ВУЗА: СИСТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Authors: Орынба З.А. , Казыбаева А.М.
Published: January 2025

В статье представлен систематический обзор литературы по цифровому брендингу университетов. Этот обзор объединяет как качественные, так и количественные методы для обеспечения всестороннего понимания существующих исследований, основанных на методологии PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Основными этапами работы стали: идентифи-кация, отбор, проверка соответствия и включение публикаций. Анализ исследований из баз данных Scopus и Web of Science за период 2000–2024 годов позволил выявить тенденции использования цифровых инструментов и их влияние на системы управ-ления вузами. Основное внимание уделено социальным сетям, аналитическим плат-формам, контент-маркетингу и виртуальным технологиям. Результаты подчеркивают значимость цифрового маркетинга для повышения конкурентоспособности универси-тетов. Авторы предлагают практические рекомендации и направления для дальнейших исследований. Исследование акцентирует внимание на роли цифровых инструментов в создании устойчивых образовательных экосистем.
Peran Cerita Rakyat dalam Membentuk Karakter Anak
Authors: Maulani Syafina , Faridah Faridah , Putri Putri , Ardiansyah Dedek
Published: January 2025

Folklore as a cultural expression of a group contains moral and educational values that play a role in the social structure of society. Through folklore, children can gain new understandings that they may not have experienced before. However, folklore is now starting to be forgotten, so that the younger generation who are expected to be the nation's successors do not understand the important role of folklore in character formation. This research aims to shape children's character, strengthen cultural identity, and build a moral foundation through the integration of folklore in formal and informal education. With a literature study approach, this study analyzes relevant literature to understand how folklore can be used in the formation of children's characters. The results of the study emphasized the importance of preserving folklore as an effective means of shaping the character of the younger generation in the era of globalization, by strengthening their understanding of the values of kindness, traditions, and how to face life's challenges
Penerapan Etika Bisnis Syariah dalam Bisnis UMKM (Studi Kasus Roemah Burger Bagan Deli)
Authors: Siti Afifah Salsabila  , Novien Rialdy
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the sharia business ethics applied by the owners of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Roemah Burger using a qualitative approach, this study collected data through in-depth interviews and observations at MSME Roemah Burger. MSME Roemah Burger itself is a business engaged in the culinary field such as burgers, kebabs, toast, roti canai and pempek. The results of the analysis show that ethics in a business are very important because this is the main foundation in running a business where buyers will feel satisfied with the ethics applied by the seller where the application of this ethics is increasingly relevant to create sustainable competitiveness and increase customer trust. This ethic does not only cover the attitude of the seller but also the condition of a product being marketed whether it is as claimed or exaggerated. This is very important to apply in every business so that the business gets the satisfaction desired by buyers and will become loyal customers, this can also increase profits in a business. Islam itself permits buying and selling as long as it is in accordance with the principles of the Islamic religion
The Educational Quality Development Model of Kaoru Isikawa's Perspective
Authors: Moh. Vito Miftahul Munif
Published: January 2025

This study aims to describe how the concept of developing quality education from Kaoru Ishikawa's perspective. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach in the form of library research. The analysis technique used is content analysis. The results of this study show: 1) Quality Control can be done with the concept of quality circle, namely plan-do-check-action (PDCA) as a quality control tool that can ensure the quality of educational institutions. 2) The quality control circle concept is a design that cuts across all areas of quality improvement including the integration of quality assurance in new product development. In this way, the quality control circle potentially represents the majority of dialogue points for implementing Total Quality Control (TQC) or Company-Wide Quality Control (CWQC) in educational institutions. 3) The concept of Cause and Effect Diagram is a diagram that serves to solve problems effectively by putting the problem into a matrix of causal relationships to solve problems in educational institutions comprehensively.
From Undergraduates to Doctorates: Exploring Student Perceptions of Effective Management Practices for Success
Authors: Khoirun Nisa  , Munirul Abidin
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate and analyze success management patterns based on the perceptions of students from different levels of education: undergraduate, master's, and doctoral. The main focus of this study is to understand how students at each level of education interpret, apply, and modify success management strategies according to academic and professional needs. The research method used in this study is a descriptive phenomenological approach with a qualitative approach. Success management based on the research results is classified into steps in achieving success, self-motivation, and the intended product of success. The steps to success consist of time management, setting targets, adding relationships, trying, praying, and opportunities that meet efforts. Self-motivation plays an important role in success management. Self-motivation can come from oneself or from external factors such as family, finances, and usefulness to others. The product of success, or the definition of success, can be in the form of achievement or accomplishment.