bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A groundbreaking strategy for fabricating YAG:Ce3+ transparent ceramic films via sintering of LRH nanosheets on a sapphire substrate
Authors: Zhu Qi , Ding Suning , Xiahou Junqing , Li Siyuan , Sun Xudong , Li Ji-Guang
Published: September 2020

We proposed a groundbreaking strategy for fabricating YAG:Ce3+ transparent ceramic films via sintering of LRH nanosheets on a sapphire substrate.
Circularized blocker-displacement amplification for multiplex detection of rare DNA variants
Authors: Lai Wei , Xiao Mingshu , Yang Haihong , Li Li , Fan Chunhai , Pei Hao
Published: September 2020

A superselective isothermal amplification technique, termed circularized blocker-displacement amplification, was developed for multiplex analysis of rare DNA variants.
Enantioselective dicarbofunctionalization of (E)-alkenyloxindoles with pyridinium salts by chiral Lewis acid/photo relay catalysis
Authors: Zhang Dong , Dong Shunxi , He Qianwen , Luo Yao , Liu Yun , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming
Published: September 2020

A highly efficient asymmetric dicarbofunctionalization reaction of (E)-alkenyloxindoles with pyridinium salts was developed under mild conditions.
Synthesis, structure and photocatalytic properties of coordination polymers based on pyrazole carboxylic acid ligands
Authors: Lin Chen-Lan , Chen Yan-Fei , Qiu Li-Juan , Zhu Binglong , Wang Xin , Luo Shi-Peng , Shi Wenyan , Yang Ting-Hai , Lei Wu
Published: September 2020

The photocatalytic activities of two novel different 2-D coordination polymers constructed from 5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ligand have been explored.
Smart control of calixarene polymorphic states
Authors: Gabdulkhaev Mukhammet N. , Ziganshin Marat A. , Buzyurov Aleksey V. , Schick Christoph , Solovieva Svetlana E. , Popova Elena V. , Gubaidullin Aidar T. , Gorbatchuk Valery V.
Published: September 2020

Solid calixarene is switched to the stable and metastable polymorphs by exposure to guest vapors in binary and ternary systems.
Computational refinement of the puzzling red tetrasulfur chromophore in ultramarine pigments
Authors: Rejmak Paweł
Published: September 2020

The long debated nature of the red tetrasulfur chromophore in ultramarine pigments is clarified through computational studies.
Attenuated total reflectance far-ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet spectroscopy analysis of the electronic structure of a dicyanamide-based ionic liquid with Li+
Authors: Imai Masaya , Tanabe Ichiro , Ikehata Akifumi , Ozaki Yukihiro , Fukui Ken-ichi
Published: September 2020

Elucidating the unique electronic structure of ionic liquid molecules around Li+ using electronic absorption spectroscopy, theoretical calculations, and chemometric analyses.
In situ X-ray spatial profiling reveals uneven compression of electrode assemblies and steep lateral gradients in lithium-ion coin cells
Authors: Okasinski John S. , Shkrob Ilya A. , Chuang Andrew , Rodrigues Marco-Tulio Fonseca , Raj Abhi , Dees Dennis W. , Abraham Daniel P.
Published: September 2020

In situ X-ray diffraction profilometry reveals radially nonuniform compression of the electrode assembly leading to large lateral heterogeneity of lithium intercalation and plating in the standard Li-ion coin cells in fast charge regimes.
Bare laser-synthesized palladium–gold alloy nanoparticles as efficient electrocatalysts for glucose oxidation for energy conversion applications
Authors: Holade Yaovi , Hebié Seydou , Maximova Ksenia , Sentis Marc , Delaporte Philippe , Kokoh Kouakou Boniface , Napporn Teko W. , Kabashin Andrei V.
Published: September 2020

Laser-synthesized PdAu nanoparticles demonstrate a strong synergetic effect on glucose oxidation combining high catalytic activity with ultrafast kinetics at low potentials.
A facile biomimetic catalytic activity through hydrogen atom abstraction by the secondary coordination sphere in manganese(iii) complexes
Authors: Jana Narayan Ch. , Brandão Paula , Frontera Antonio , Panja Anangamohan
Published: September 2020

Four hydrogen bonded supramolecular manganese(iii) complexes with N3O donor Schiff base ligands and a facile biomimetic catalytic reactivity through hydrogen atom abstraction by the secondary coordination sphere have been reported.
An intermolecular FLP System derived from an NHC-coordinated trisilacyclopropylidene
Authors: Guddorf Benedikt J. , Hepp Alexander , Daniliuc Constantin , Stephan Douglas W. , Lips Felicitas
Published: September 2020

An intermolecular FLP system with an NHC-coordinated trisilacyclopropylidene acting as the Lewis base is shown to split dihydrogen heterolytically under ambient conditions, and reacts with Ph2NH, Me2CO, and N2O.
In vitrogastrointestinal digestibility of phytosterol oleogels: influence of self-assembled microstructures on emulsification efficiency and lipase activity
Authors: Dong Lulu , Lv Muwen , Gao Xiangyang , Zhang Luping , Rogers Michael , Cao Yong , Lan Yaqi
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of a self-assembled microstructure on lipid digestibility of phytosterol (γ-oryzanol and β-sitosterol) oleogels, including the oil emulsification process and further lipolysis.
Synthesis and characterization of quaternized agar in KOH/urea aqueous solution
Authors: Ding Fuyuan , Zhong Yuye , Wu Shuping , Liu Xinghai , Zou Xiaobo , Li Houbin
Published: September 2020

Quaternized agar (QA) is synthesized in KOH/urea aqueous solution and shows low melting and gelling temperatures and antibacterial properties.
Half-sandwich scandium dibenzyl complexes bearing penta- or tetra-arylcyclopentadienyl ligands: synthesis, structure and syndiospecific styrene polymerization activity
Authors: Wang Yang , Cheng Jianhua
Published: September 2020

A series of half-sandwich scandium dibenzyl complexes has been synthesized via a reaction of KCp(Ar*)5 or KCpAr5 (Ar* = 3,5-tBu2–C6H3; Ar = 3,5-iPr2–C6H3) or KCp(Ar*)4H, KCpAr4H and KCpPh4H with the cationic scandium complex [Sc(p-CH2C6H4-Me)2(THF)x][BPh4].
Inverse sandwich complexes of B7M2−, B8M2, and B9M2+ (M = Zr, Hf): the nonclassical M–M bonds embedded in monocyclic boron rings
Authors: Cui Zhong-hua , Chen Chen , Wang Qing , Zhao Lili , Wang Meng-hui , Ding Yi-hong
Published: September 2020

Three delocalized σ orbitals of the boron rings are perpendicularly mixed with one negligible σ and two π bonds of the M2 (M = Zr, Hf) motifs, giving rise to less pronounced and nonclassical bonding interactions between two short-contact M atoms.
Sinter-resistant Rh nanoparticles supported on γ-Al2O3nanosheets as an efficient catalyst for dry reforming of methane
Authors: Chu Shasha , Cai Zhengmiao , Wang Mingzhi , Zheng Yanping , Wang Yongke , Zhou Zhaohui , Weng Weizheng
Published: September 2020

The unique surface structure of γ-Al2O3 nanosheets plays a key role in increasing the dispersion of Rh species in the catalyst and preventing it from sintering at high temperature under both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres.
Staggering transport of edge states and symmetry analysis of electronic and optical properties of stanene
Authors: Cai Yongqing , Zhang Gang , Zhang Yong-Wei
Published: September 2020

As one of the most intriguing elemental 2D materials beyond graphene, stanene is a unique material possessing a strong quantum spin Hall effect and is promising for spintronics applications.
Dielectric films for high performance capacitive energy storage: multiscale engineering
Authors: Pan Hao , Kursumovic Ahmed , Lin Yuan-Hua , Nan Ce-Wen , MacManus-Driscoll Judith L.
Published: September 2020

This minireview summarizes the very recent advances in energy-storage dielectric films in the framework of engineering at multiple scales.
Catalyst free removal of trithiocarbonate RAFT CTAs from poly(vinylpyridine)s using tris(trimethylsilyl)silane and light
Authors: Fultz Brandon A. , Beery Drake , Coia Brianna M. , Hanson Kenneth , Kennemur Justin G.
Published: September 2020

Trithiocarbonate end groups on various polymers, including polyvinylpyridines, are reduced rapily and quantitatively using only tris(trimethylsilyl)silane and light.
Coalescence in concentrated emulsions: theoretical predictions and comparison with experimental bottle test behaviour
Authors: Dinh Huy-Hong-Quan , Santanach-Carreras Enric , Schmitt Véronique , Lequeux François
Published: September 2020

A complete model for separation kinetics of surfactant-stabilized concentrated emulsions, connecting the macroscopic bottle-test observations to the mesoscopic coalescence events.
Ruthenium single-atom catalysis for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction unveiled by grand canonical density functional theory
Authors: Ji Yujin , Li Yifan , Dong Huilong , Ding Lifeng , Li Youyong
Published: September 2020

Grand canonical density functional theory calculations reveal that the Ru–N4 motif is the superior catalytic site for eNRR rather than the Ru–N3 motif.
Reading Achievement in Children With Hearing Loss Who Use Listening and Spoken Language: Results and Implications From a 2-Year Study
Authors: Smolen Elaine R. , Hartman Maria C. , Wang Ye
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This longitudinal study explored the reading achievement of children with hearing loss who used listening and spoken language and examined their progress across reading domains over 1 year.

Method

Sixty-four children with hearing loss enrolled in prekindergarten through third grade in a large listening and spoken language program in the Southwest United States participated. Eight subtests of the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Achievement were administered, and demographic information was collected. The same subtests were administered to 53 of the participants 1 year later.

Results

The mean subtest standard scores for participants in this study were all within the average range. Participants demonstrated relative strengths in basic reading skills, such as spelling, word and nonword reading, and comprehension of short passages. Relative weaknesses were found in the areas of oral reading and word- and sentence-reading fluency. When the participants were again assessed 1 year later, significant growth was found in their letter–word identification, sentence-reading fluency, and word-reading fluency.

Conclusions

While children with hearing loss have historically struggled to achieve age-appropriate reading skills in elementary school, the participants in this study achieved mean scores within the average range. Returning participants made more than 1 year's progress in 1 year's time in several areas of reading while enrolled in a specialized program. Clinical and educational implications, including strategies to develop reading fluency, are addressed.
Use of FrFT in an indoor scenario for chipless RFID tags ID recovery
Authors: Lopes Bernardo , Varum Tiago , Matos João N.
Published: September 2020

A chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) system based on multi‐resonant‐based chipless RFID tags and fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) was simulated. Each tag codes a 3‐bit unique identification (ID) in the form of a spectral signature in the interrogation signal. The signal is then backscattered to the processing unit (PU) for ID decoding. The simulated system accounts for two tags, 1 m apart and with a line‐of‐sight between them and the PU. At the PU, the received signals from the tags at 4 and 5 m present a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 7.9 and 4.0 dB, respectively. The signals from both tags collide in the time and frequency domain. FrFT is used at the PU to retrieve the ID of each tag by transforming the combined received signal from the time‐frequency domain to a fractional domain where each backscattered signal takes its most compact form. Using Hamming windowing in the fractional domain, each ID was successfully recovered. This work puts chipless RFID one step closer to become a reality and replacing the barcode in the labelling market.
Inside-out formation of nuclear discs and the absence of old central spheroids in barred galaxies of the TIMER survey
Authors: Bittner Adrian , Sánchez-Blázquez Patricia , Gadotti Dimitri A. , Neumann Justus , Fragkoudi Francesca , Coelho Paula , de Lorenzo-Cáceres Adriana , Falcón-Barroso Jesús , Kim Taehyun , Leaman Ryan , Martín-Navarro Ignacio , Méndez-Abreu Jairo , Pérez Isabel , Querejeta Miguel , Seidel Marja K. , van de Ven Glenn
Published: September 2020

The centres of disc galaxies host a variety of structures built via both internal and external processes. In this study, we constrain the formation and evolution of these central structures, in particular, nuclear rings and nuclear discs, by deriving maps of mean stellar ages, metallicities, and [α/Fe] abundances. We use observations obtained with the MUSE integral-field spectrograph for the TIMER sample of 21 massive barred galaxies. Our results indicate that nuclear discs and nuclear rings are part of the same physical component, with nuclear rings constituting the outer edge of nuclear discs. All nuclear discs in the sample are clearly distinguished based on their stellar population properties. As expected in the picture of bar-driven secular evolution, nuclear discs are younger, more metal-rich, and exhibit lower [α/Fe] enhancements, as compared to their immediate surroundings. Moreover, nuclear discs exhibit well-defined radial gradients, with ages and metallicities decreasing, and [α/Fe] abundances increasing with radius out to the nuclear ring. Often, these gradients show no breaks from the edge of the nuclear disc up through the centre, suggesting that these structures extend to the very centres of galaxies. We argue that continuous (stellar) nuclear discs may form from a series of bar-built (initially gas-rich) nuclear rings that expand in their radius as the bar evolves. In this picture, nuclear rings are simply the (often) star-forming outer edge of nuclear discs. Finally, by combining our results with those taken from a accompanying kinematic study, we do not find evidence for the presence of large, dispersion-dominated components in the centres of these galaxies. This could be a result of quiet merger histories, despite the large galaxy masses, or, perhaps, due to high angular momentum and strong feedback processes preventing the formation of these kinematically hot components.
Discriminating between hazy and clear hot-Jupiter atmospheres with CARMENES
Authors: Sánchez-López A. , López-Puertas M. , Snellen I. A. G. , Nagel E. , Bauer F. F. , Pallé E. , Tal-Or L. , Amado P. J. , Caballero J. A. , Czesla S. , Nortmann L. , Reiners A. , Ribas I. , Quirrenbach A. , Aceituno J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Casasayas-Barris N. , Henning Th. , Molaverdikhani K. , Montes D. , Stangret M. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Zechmeister M.
Published: September 2020

Context. Relatively large radii of some hot Jupiters observed in the ultraviolet and blue-optical are generally interpreted to be due to Rayleigh scattering by high-altitude haze particles. However, the haze composition and its production mechanisms are not fully understood, and observational information is still limited.

Aims. We aim to study the presence of hazes in the atmospheres of HD 209458 b and HD 189733 b with high spectral resolution spectra by analysing the strength of water vapour cross-correlation signals across the red optical and near-infrared wavelength ranges.

Methods. A total of seven transits of the two planets were observed with the CARMENES spectrograph at the 3.5 m Calar Alto telescope. Their Doppler-shifted signals were disentangled from the telluric and stellar contributions using the detrending algorithm SYSREM. The residual spectra were subsequently cross-correlated with water vapour templates at 0.70–0.96 μm to measure the strength of the water vapour absorption bands.

Results. The optical water vapour bands were detected at 5.2σ in HD 209458 b in one transit, whereas no evidence of them was found in four transits of HD 189733 b. Therefore, the relative strength of the optical water bands compared to those in the near-infrared were found to be larger in HD 209458 b than in HD 189733 b.

Conclusions. We interpret the non-detection of optical water bands in the transmission spectra of HD 189733 b, compared to the detection in HD 209458 b, to be due to the presence of high-altitude hazes in the former planet, which are largely absent in the latter. This is consistent with previous measurements with the Hubble Space Telescope. We show that currently available CARMENES observations of hot Jupiters can be used to investigate the presence of haze extinction in their atmospheres.
Depletion and fractionation of nitrogen in collapsing cores
Authors: Hily-Blant P. , Pineau des Forêts G. , Faure A. , Flower D. R.
Published: September 2020

Measurements of the nitrogen isotopic ratio in Solar System comets show a constant value, ≈140, which is three times lower than the protosolar ratio, a highly significant difference that remains unexplained. Observations of static starless cores at early stages of collapse confirm the theoretical expectation that nitrogen fractionation in interstellar conditions is marginal for most species. Yet, observed isotopic ratios in N2H+ are at variance with model predictions. These gaps in our understanding of how the isotopic reservoirs of nitrogen evolve, from interstellar clouds to comets, and, more generally, to protosolar nebulae, may have their origin in missing processes or misconceptions in the chemistry of interstellar nitrogen. So far, theoretical studies of nitrogen fractionation in starless cores have addressed the quasi-static phase of their evolution such that the effect of dynamical collapse on the isotopic ratio is not known. In this paper, we investigate the fractionation of 14N and 15N during the gravitational collapse of a pre-stellar core through gas-phase and grain adsorption and desorption reactions. The initial chemical conditions, which are obtained in steady state after typically a few Myr, show low degrees of fractionation in the gas phase, in agreement with earlier studies. However, during collapse, the differential rate of adsorption of 14N- and 15N-containing species onto grains results in enhanced 15N:14N ratios, in better agreement with the observations. Furthermore, we find differences in the behavior, with increasing density, of the isotopic ratio in different species. We find that the collapse must take place on approximately one free-fall timescale, based on the CO abundance profile in L183. Various chemical effects that bring models into better agreement with observations are considered. Thus, the observed values of 14N2H+:N15NH+ and 14N2H+:15NNH+ could be explained by different temperature dependences of the rates of dissociative recombination of these species. We also study the impact of the isotopic sensitivity of the charge-exchange reaction of N2 with He+ on the fractionation of ammonia and its singly deuterated analog and find significant depletion in the 15N variants. However, these chemical processes require further experimental and theoretical investigations, especially at low temperature. These new findings, such as the depletion-driven fractionation, may also be relevant to the dense, UV-shielded regions of protoplanetary disks.
Analysis of agricultural economic growth factors based on Cobb Douglas production
Authors: Yang You , Yang Li , Liu ShouYi
Published: September 2020

An empirical analysis of agricultural economic growth factors yields the main factors affecting agricultural economic growth. Based on the Cobb-Douglas function, a regression model is established to analyze the impact of production factors such as capital and labor on agricultural economic growth. After empirical analysis, it is concluded that investment is the main factor affecting agricultural economic growth. In some provinces, agricultural economic growth still uses extensive economic growth and belongs to the type of increasing returns to scale. Based on the results, three suggestions are made to promote the steady and rapid growth of the agricultural economy: increase the input of fixed assets in agriculture and attract capital from all walks of life to the agricultural production; optimize the agricultural labor force and increase human resources training; adjust the industrial structure and develop modern agriculture.
Analysis of Location quotient of major industries in Qinghai Province
Authors: Yu Wen
Published: September 2020

This paper selects the location quotient analysis method to analyze the current situation of the three major industries in Qinghai. This paper expounds the characteristics of the current industrial situation in this region, finds out the existing problems, and puts forward some Suggestions on the adjustment of regional industrial structure.
Effects of Salt and Nitrogen Stress on the Growth of Winter Rye
Authors: Shen Zhiyuan
Published: September 2020

Winter Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an important food stock that are found on most part of the world that are coastal areas, which are now open to threats as global warming causes multiple issues that includes soil salination and high-concentration nitrogen run-off. As of right now, it’s already clear that salt will place a growth stress on most plants in high concentrations and will prohibit critical organs for nutrient intake, yet a number of researches stated that high dose of nitrogen will restore the growth of most wild and commercial plants. We are interested to find out how the interaction between salt and nitrogen can interfere with the growth of winter rye. A standard comprehensive 2-variable greenhouse assay was set up, with different levels of salt and nitrogen. After a 3-week growth period, an ANOVA test was conducted. The plants performance was inhibited when they are exposed to the lowest salt concentration and medium to high levels of nitrogen. In high saline environments, however, the performance of the plant was improved as it’s exposed to medium and particularly, high nitrogen levels. The finding of this study would be useful in ways that few previous studies had focused on the effect of salt and nitrogen stress on the grown of food species in case of global warming and population growth, and the subject should be studied on more food species in future researches.
Study on the Status Quo and Countermeasures of Rural Domestic Waste Pollution in Liaoning Province
Authors: Li Qi , Xiaoxiao Shu
Published: September 2020

At present, the problem of rural domestic garbage pollution in China is relatively serious, which restricts the sustainable development of rural areas. Therefore, it is very important to investigate and analyze the characteristics of rural domestic garbage generation and discuss countermeasures for the treatment of domestic garbage. This article is conducted a one-year follow-up survey of the characteristics of garbage generation in Zhenshang Village, Central Village, and Natural Village in Fushun City, Anshan City, Dandong City, Shenyang City, Tieling City, and Panjin City in Liaoning Province. Background, the amount, physical composition and change trend of rural domestic garbage were analyzed, and on this basis, countermeasures for rural domestic garbage treatment in Liaoning Province were proposed.
Preparation of the Essential Oil from Artemisia Argyi Grown in Qichun, China and its application in Antibacterial effection
Authors: Hu Hui , Li Qingan , Chen Shenxi , Liu Yuancai , Gong Huameng , Jin Bukun
Published: September 2020

To evaluate the antibacterial activity and chemical constituents of the essential oil from the artemisia argyi grown in Qichun (China). METHODS: Steam distillation method was used to extract volatile oil from Artemisia argyi. The antibacterial effect of the volatile oil was investigated by the plate coating method and the double gradient liquid dilution method. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was applied for the identification of chemical constituents in volatile oil from Artemisia argyi and the relative percentage of each component was calculated by area normalization. RESULTS: The essential oil from artemisia argyi grown in Qichun (China) has significant antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella, candida albicans, aspergillus niger and aspergillus flavus. And fifty chemical components were detected in the essential oil, and twenty compounds were identified, accounting for 95.95% of total essential oil. And the artemisol in artemisia argyi grown in Qichun (China) was found to be the highest compared with the same species from other producing areas. CONCLUSION: The essential oil from artemisia argyi grown in Qichun (China) was a potent antibacterial plant extract with potential applications as an antibacterial drugs or food preservative.
Effects of curcumin on physical fatigue and oxidative damage in forced swimming mice
Authors: Jinyuan Sun
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of curcumin on physical fatigue and oxidative damage induced by forced swimming exercise in mice. The mice were divided into quiet group and exercise group, and then the above two groups were divided into control group and medication group. The medication group received curcumin (100 mg/kg), while the control group received physiological saline for 28 days. The exercise group performed swimming exercise for 4 weeks and then performed exhaustive exercise. Exhaustive swimming time and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in liver, as well as serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) contents were measured. The data showed that curcumin could extend exhaustive swimming times of the mice, as well as increase the SOD contents in liver, while decreasing MDA contents in liver and ALT contents in serum. This study indicated that curcumin has anti-fatigue and protective effects against exercise induced oxidative damage.
Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction, Antioxidant Activity and Structural Characterization of Polysaccharides from Oenothera Biennis L. Leaves
Authors: Dong Zhou Yong , Yin Xin Song , Liu Shu Lin , Zhang Tie Hua , Ren Hui , Tan Hai Yun
Published: September 2020

This paper studies the optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Oenothera biennis L. leaves using Box-Behnken design, and their in vitro antioxidant activity and structure. It is demonstrated that the optimum extraction conditions are: the ultrasonic power at 400 W, solvent-tosample ratio of 23:1 (mL/g), ultrasonication temperature at 53 °C, and time for 36 min, under which the yield of polysaccharides from Oenothera biennis L. leaves, namely 3.54%, remains close to the predicted value in the model. The assays of the scavenging effect on DPPH and hydroxyl free radicals, and of the reducing power indicate that polysaccharides from Oenothera biennis L. leaves possess strong antioxidant activity and certain relationship exists between their dose and effect in the concentration range of the experiment; Fourier IR spectroscopy reveals that characteristic absorption peak of polysaccharides can be seen from the sample; the DE-52 cellulose column chromatography, HPLC profiles, and GC-MS chromatogram identify the obtained OCP-2 as heteropolysaccharides, whose major components, including arabinose, mannose, galactose, and talose, have an average molecular weight of 5435 Da.
Optimization of high-intensity pulsed electric field-assisted extraction of procyanidins from Vitis amurensis seeds using response surface methodology
Authors: Dong Zhou Yong , Wang Hua Hua , Li Ming Yue , Liu Wei , Zhang Tie Hua
Published: September 2020

Procyanidins (PC) from Vitis amurensis seeds was extracted using high-intensity pulsed electric field (PEF). The process parameters including pulse number, electric field strength, ratio of material to liquid and ethanol concentration were studied using response surface methodology, and extraction yield of the extracts were determined. Antioxidant activity of the extracts by PEF, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ethanol extraction (EAE) were compared based on total antioxidant capacity, DPPH radical scavenging capacity and ferrous ion chelating activity. The results revealed that the optimization of conditions of PEF are: pulse number 10; electric field strength 25 kV/cm; ratio of material to liquid 1:21 g/mL; ethanol concentration 63% (v/v), and the PC yields reached 8.23% under this condition. The PEF resulted in a highest extraction yield of PC among the four extraction methods. There was no significant difference in total antioxidant capacity of PC obtained by four methods, the DPPH radical scavenging capacity and ferrous ion chelating activity of PC extracted by PEF were close to that of UAE and MAE, which were superior to EAE. These showed that PEF was an effective method for extracting PC.
Advance on anti-diabetic effects of protein hydrolysates and peptides derived from cereals and pseudocereals
Authors: Wu Weijing , Xie Wen , Tan Qianglai , Wu Lanlan , Zhu Shanshan , Zhu Hong , Qiu Ju
Published: September 2020

Diabetes is a complex and heterogeneous disorder disease with elevated blood glucose, which is one of the most serious global public health problems. Cereals and pseudocereals, as staple food, are major sources of dietary protein. Cereal and pseudocereal proteins are potential sources of food-derived bioactive peptides and proposed to prevent and ameliorate diabetes. According to recent researches, this review summaries the isolation, purification and analysis of anti-diabetic protein hydrolysates and peptides from cereals and pseudocereals. In addition, their anti-diabetic activities and mechanisms were reviewed by in vitro inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, in vivo hypoglycaemic effects, and glucose homeostasis in cell model.
On the research of cultural relic restoration under reverse design
Authors: Zhang Chao , Li Ruikun , Chen Wenhui , Wang Xupeng
Published: September 2020

At present, artificial restoration of cultural relics has been unable to solve the difficulties in restoration and protection of cultural relics, as well as low restoration rate a series of problems. In order to solve the above problems, this article conducts in-depth research on the emerging computer technology that can be used for cultural relic restoration, and proposes a computer-aided cultural relic restoration and reconstruction process based on the reverse design method, and explains the application of 3D printing technology to the restoration of ceramic cultural relics. In this paper, the unearthed cultural relics are protected to the maximum extent research, which provides a reference for improving the scientific nature and durability of cultural relics protection and inheritance.
Visualization Research on Scientific and Technological Information of Aviation Industry in Shaanxi Province
Authors: Wang Peng
Published: September 2020

The integration of industry and information is necessary for the development of industrial modernization in China. Under the context of this, the research on visualization has leaded to a wide and further integration between science and technology and arts disciplines. It fosters the progress and innovation of digitalization and smart technologies, working to make industrial manufacturing more informationalized. Besides, it has a long-term gaining effect on the digitalization and informatization of relevant national science and technology projects under way and enterprises, and even the development of education, Thus, this paper, based on the progress of aviation industry, combines visual simulation design, visual management system and visual technologies, analyses main methods and key objectives, and elaborates on the effect and significance of integration between visual technologies and manufacturing. Fund program: Special Scientific Research Program of Education Department of Shaanxi(20JK0240)
Improvement of Teaching-Learning-Based-Optimization
Authors: Tan Meifang , Wang Xin , Wang Jianjian , Lv Xiaotian
Published: September 2020

Teaching-Learning-Based-Optimization is an optimization algorithm that simulates the teaching process. In the standard Teaching-Learning-Based-Optimization there are some problems such as precocity and low optimization accuracy. Through daily discovery, students’ learning effect is better when there are exercise lessons than when there are no exercise lessons. Students who study toward teacher on one’s own learn better than students who do not. Therefore, this paper proposes a teaching mode that combines exercise lessons and one-to-one to improve the Teaching-Learning-Based-Optimization.
Research on the Classification of the Operational Test
Authors: Bo Yun , Bai Yu , Liao Xuejun
Published: September 2020

The operational test, along with the evaluation based on it, is the most important decisionmaking basis for the Department of Defense in acquiring weapons and equipment. However, there has always been a wide range of indicators needed to be test, which makes the planning, implementation and data processing of operational tests very complicated. In order to alleviate this problem, this paper studies the statistical meanings of various operational tests, analyses their relationships, and unifies them under the framework of linear modelling.
An Empirical Study on Impact of Bilateral Exchange Rate to Trade between Shandong Province of China and Japan
Authors: Li Ping
Published: September 2020

This study explores the impact of bilateral exchange rate on the export and import between Shandong province of China and Japan under supply chains and vertical integration cooperative pattern from regional view. Based on the data over 1998–2017 periods, ADF test, Engle-Granger (EG) test and Granger Causality Test are employed. The results indicate that bilateral exchange rate (RMB/100Yen) is positive to the export trade from Shandong province to Japan, but there is no evidence bilateral exchange rate has effect on the import of Shandong province from Japan. The supply chains and vertical integration cooperative pattern are used to explain the result
Geld, Geduld und gute Nerven – Der lange Weg zur Physiotherapie-Lizenz
Authors: Kurth Corinna
Published: September 2020

Im Februar 2015 wandert die Physiotherapeutin Corinna Kurth mit ihrer Familie in die USA aus. Ihr ist nicht klar, wie steinig ihre berufliche Anerkennung werden würde: Fünf Jahre, etliche Onlinekurse und mehr als 10.000 Dollar später darf sie nun als Therapeutin arbeiten.
What about Platelet Function in Platelet Concentrates?
Authors: Prudent Michel
Published: September 2020

The characterization of platelet concentrates (PCs) in transfusion medicine has been performed with different analytical methods and platelet lesions (from biochemistry to cell biology) have been documented. In routine quality assessment and validation of manufacturing processes of PCs for transfusion purposes, only basic parameters are monitored and the platelet functions are not included. However, PCs undergo several manipulations during the processing and the basic parameters do not provide sensitive analyses to properly picture out the impact of the blood component preparation and storage on platelets. To improve the transfusion supply chain and the platelet functionalities, additional parameters should be used. The present short review will focus on the different techniques to monitor ex vivo platelet lesions from phenotype characterization to advanced omic analyses. Then, the opportunities to use these methods in quality control, process validation, development, and research will be discussed. Functional markers should be considered because they would be an advantage for the future developments in transfusion medicine.
Laboratory Techniques Used to Diagnose Constitutional Platelet Dysfunction
Authors: Ibrahim-Kosta Manal , Alessi Marie-Christine , Hezard Nathalie
Published: September 2020

Platelets play a major role in primary hemostasis, where activated platelets form plugs to stop hemorrhaging in response to vessel injuries. Defects in any step of the platelet activation process can cause a variety of platelet dysfunction conditions associated with bleeding. To make an accurate diagnosis, constitutional platelet dysfunction (CPDF) should be considered once von Willebrand disease and drug intake are ruled out. CPDF may be associated with thrombocytopenia or a genetic syndrome. CPDF diagnosis is complex, as no single test enables the analysis of all aspects of platelet function. Furthermore, the available tests lack standardization, and repeat tests must be performed in specialized laboratories especially for mild and moderate forms of the disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the laboratory tests used to diagnose CPDF, with a focus on light transmission platelet aggregation (LTA), flow cytometry (FC), and granules assessment. Global tests, mainly represented by LTA, are often initially performed to investigate the consequences of platelet activation on platelet aggregation in a single step. Global test results should be confirmed by additional analytical tests. FC represents an accurate, simple, and reliable test to analyze abnormalities in platelet receptors, and granule content and release. This technique may also be used to investigate platelet function by comparing resting- and activated-state platelet populations. Assessment of granule content and release also requires additional specialized analytical tests. High-throughput sequencing has become increasingly useful to diagnose CPDF. Advanced tests or external research laboratory techniques may also be beneficial in some cases.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies Are Not Associated with Clinical Parameters or Prognostic Outcomes in Patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Pal Rimesh , Varma Subhash , Ahluwalia Jasmina , Prakash Gaurav
Published: September 2020

Background Antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) are found quite frequently in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). However, the clinical significance of these antibodies is largely unknown. This study aims to delineate the clinical and prognostic role of APAs in NHL patients.

Patients and Methods  Consecutive patients of NHL were screened for lupus anticoagulant (LA), IgG/IgM anticardiolipin antibody, and IgG/IgM anti-β2-glycoprotein I at the time of diagnosis. Baseline investigations, staging, and treatment were done as per institutional protocol. Patients were followed up until the last known outpatient visit or death. All were screened at each visit for any thromboembolic event. The association of APA status with baseline NHL characteristics and treatment response was evaluated by univariate analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to compare the final outcome in patients with or without APAs. Patients who were initially APA positive were retested for the corresponding antibody at the end of chemotherapy.

Results Twenty-four out of 105 patients (22.8%) were APA positive at diagnosis. The presence of APA was not significantly associated with NHL stage, histology, International Prognostic Index score, activated partial thromboplastin time, or treatment response. The median duration of follow-up was 15 months. Only four patients developed venous thrombosis; none was APA positive. There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival between the two groups (p = 0.471). Patients, who were APA positive initially, tested negative at the end of treatment, irrespective of treatment response.

Conclusion APAs are encountered more frequently in NHL patients than in the general population. However, APAs do not correlate with disease severity, thrombosis risk, treatment outcome, or overall survival.
The Power of Iron Catalysis in Diazo Chemistry
Authors: Ollevier Thierry , Carreras Virginie , Tanbouza Nour
Published: September 2020

The use of iron catalysis to enable reactions with diazo compounds has emerged as a valuable tool to forge carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bonds. While diazo compounds are often encountered with toxic and expensive metal catalysts, such as Rh, Ru, Pd, Ir, and Cu, a resurgence of Fe catalysis has been observed. This short review will showcase and highlight the recent advances in iron-mediated reactions of diazo compounds.

1 Introduction

2 Insertion Reactions

2.1 Insertion into B–H Bonds

2.2 Insertion into Si–H Bonds

2.3 Insertion into N–H Bonds

2.4 Insertion into S–H bonds

3 Ylide Formation and Subsequent Reactions

3.1 Doyle–Kirmse Rearrangement

3.2 [1,2]-Stevens and Sommelet–Hauser Rearrangements

3.3 Olefination Reactions

3.4 Cycloaddition Reactions

3.5 gem-Difluoroalkenylation

4 Three-Component Reactions

5 Miscellaneous

6 Conclusion
Role of Lymphocytes CD4/CD8 Ratio and Immunoglobulin G Cytomegalovirus as Potential Markers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Periodontal Disease
Authors: Handono Kusworini , Putra Gofur Nanda Rachmad , Nurdiana Nurdiana , Kalim Handono , Wahono Cesarius Singgih , Poeranto Sri , Barlianto Wisnu
Published: September 2020

Objectives The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between periodontitis severity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with CD4/CD8 lymphocytes ratio and cytomegalovirus gamma immunoglobulin (IgG CMV) level.

Materials and Methods This is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional approach that included 93 subjects who were diagnosed with SLE in Rheumatology Department, Saiful Anwar Hospital, during 2017 to 2019. Periodontitis severity was assessed by periodontal Index (PI). CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio was determined using flow cytometry and IgG CMV levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Statistical Analysis The differences among the three groups were analyzed using analysis of variance. Correlation among the groups was calculated using Spearman/Pearson correlation coefficient test, while regression analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.

Results The mean of periodontitis severity and standard deviation in SLE was 2.66 ± 1.02. There were negative correlation between CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio with periodontal index (r = –0.971) and positive correlation between IgG CMV level with periodontal index (r = 0.977).

Conclusions Inverted CD4/CD8 ratio and IgG CMV were found associated with periodontitis severity in SLE patient. Further research was recomended that CD4/CD8 lymphocytes ratio and IgG CMV can be used as a potensial marker of periodontitis severity in SLE patients.
Med.Logistica 2021: Leipziger Innovationspreis für Krankenhauslogistik
Authors: Beyer Ronald
Published: September 2020

Die Verleihung des Leipziger Innovationspreises für Krankenhauslogistik ist inzwischen ein fester Programmpunkt der med.Logistica geworden: Die mit 6 000 Euro dotierte Auszeichnung für besonders innovative Logistikprojekte im Gesundheitswesen soll auch 2021 wieder verliehen werden, dann bereits zum 3. Mal. Bis zum 23. Oktober 2020 können noch Bewerbungen eingereicht werden.
Pflegekräfte: „Die modifizierte PPR 2.0 muss jetzt unbedingt auf die Agenda“
Authors: Lux Vera
Published: September 2020

Die Corona-Pandemie macht deutlich, wie systemrelevant die Pflegekräfte sind. Doch dieser unerwartete Rückenwind ist schon jetzt kaum noch spürbar. Pflegedirektorin Vera Lux bezieht ganz deutlich und sehr persönlich Stellung. Sie fordert, dass die PPR 2.0 zeitnah umgesetzt wird, sieht aber auch die Pflege selbst in der Pflicht.
Organisationsumbau in Corona-Zeiten : Pandemie als Katalysator
Authors: Moesta K. T. , Schneider Jens
Published: September 2020

Corona ist ein externer Schock, der unser Leben, unser Arbeiten, unsere Kommunikation und unsere Art der Organisation verändert hat. Dieses Virus hat zunächst nicht nur Menschen angegriffen, sondern auch die bisherige Aufbauorganisation, die Prozessabläufe und das Führungsverhalten in Krankenhäusern.
Informationen per App: Der direkte Draht zum Patienten
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: September 2020

Die Sana Kliniken AG ergänzt papierbasierte Patienteninformationen zunehmend mit Smartphone Apps. Die Baumann-Klinik Orthopädie am Karl-Olga-Krankenhaus in Stuttgart war eine der ersten Kliniken in Deutschland, die ihre Patienten vor, während und nach dem Krankenhausaufenthalt mit einer App begleitet. Michael Rosenstock, Leiter Sana Digital, erläutert die Hintergründe.
Elektronische Versorgungsschränke: Management der patientenorientierten Arzneimittellogistik
Authors: von Eiff Wilfried
Published: September 2020

Elektronische Versorgungsschränke bilden bislang noch die Ausnahme in deutschen Krankenhäusern. Dabei erhöhen sie als Teil eines Closed-Loop-Systems nicht nur die Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit, sondern können durch die Integration in einen vollständig digitalisierten Medikationsprozess auch zu einer wirtschaftlich effizienten Logistik beitragen.
On the evolution of a primordial interstellar gas cloud
Authors: Humi Mayer
Published: September 2020

In 1796, Laplace conjectured that a primitive interstellar gas cloud may evolve under the influence of its own gravity to form a system of isolated rings, which may in turn lead to the formation of planetary systems. In fact, such a system of rings around a protostar has been observed recently in the constellation Taurus. In this paper, we use the time dependent Euler–Poisson equations to find out under what conditions such a pattern formation can take place. To this end, we consider these equations assuming that the gas is composed of incompressible stratified fluid. Under these assumptions, the original six governing equations are then reduced to three. These equations are then solved analytically (approximately), and these solutions are used to determine the evolution of the mass density distribution within the interstellar gas cloud. We show that under proper conditions, mass density waves can emerge within the cloud.
A novel ex situ diagnostic technique for characterizing harmonics in radio frequency discharges
Authors: Rawat Arti , Ganguli A. , Narayanan Ramesh , Tarey R. D.
Published: September 2020

An accurate, non-invasive ex situ diagnostic technique for analyzing plasma generated harmonics in radio frequency (RF) discharges is presented utilizing a broadband Dual Directional Coupler (DDC) that measures accurately both forward and reflected voltage signals in a transmission line. For usual applications such as monitoring forward and reflected power, the DDC is placed between the RF generator and the matching network (MN). However, the MN reflects all plasma generated harmonics back toward the plasma. Hence, no harmonics reach the generator side of the MN. Thus, for monitoring the harmonics, it is necessary to place the DDC between the impedance matching unit and the plasma, which was used for the first time in an asymmetric, parallel plate RF discharge at 13.56 MHz, 10 W–50 W at 200 mTorr (argon). The analysis of DDC data yields voltage, harmonic power contents, complex load impedance, plasma reflection coefficient, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), etc., for the fundamental frequency. For instance, at 10 W net input power, the computed plasma impedance is ZL = Rp + jXp, with Rp = 16.8 Ω and Xp = −81.9 Ω, yielding VSWR ≈11. Additionally, for 50 W input power, the third harmonic (72.31 mW) is dominant, followed by the second (8.28 mW) and fourth harmonics. In contrast, the literature states that the second harmonic is usually dominant, possibly due to the invasive nature of the diagnostics. Because harmonics are an important signature of processes taking place within the plasma, the proposed diagnostic can be effectively used for calibration and verification of theoretical models/simulations for resolving relevant physics issues.