bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Об одном обобщении теоремы Орэ для многочленов
Authors: Anashkin A V
Published: December 2015

Пусть $GF(q)$ - поле из $q$ элементов, а ${V_n}(q)$ - множество всех $n$-мерных векторов над полем $GF(q)$. Линеаризованным многочленом, соответствующим многочлену $f(x) = {x^n} - \sum\limits_{i = 0}^{n - 1} {{c_i}{x^i}} \;$над полем $GF(q)$, называется многочлен $F(x) = {x^{{q^n}}} - \sum\limits_{i = 0}^{n - 1} {{c_i}{x^{{q^i}}}}$. Рассматривается преобразование ${T_f}$ пространства векторов ${V_n}(q)$, действующее по правилу ${T_f}( {({u_0},...,{u_{n - 2}},{u_{n - 1}})} ) = ({u_1},...,{u_{n - 1}},\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{n - 1} {{c_i}{u_i}} )$. Доказывается, что если ${c_0} \ne 0$, то граф преобразования ${T_f}$ изоморфен графу преобразования $Q:\alpha \to {\alpha ^q}$ на множестве всех корней многочлена $F(x)$ в поле его разложения. При этом граф преобразования ${T_f}$ состоит из циклов длин $1 \le {d_1} \le {d_2} \le ... \le {d_r}$ тогда и только тогда, когда многочлен $F(x)$ является произведением $r + 1$ неприводимых многочленов, которые имеют степени $1,{d_1},{d_2},...,{d_r}$.
Повторения цепочек на бинарном деревесо случайными метками вершин
Authors: Zubkov Andrei Mikhailovich , Kruglov Vasilii Igorevich
Published: December 2015

Для полного бинарного дерева, каждой вершине которого случайно, равновероятно и независимо от остальных вершин присвоена метка из конечного алфавита, получены формулы для математических ожиданий чисел пар цепочек с одинаково помеченными вершинами. Доказана теорема о сходимости распределений числа пар непересекающихся цепочек с одинаково помеченными вершинами к сложному пуассоновскому распределению.
Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 14-50-00005).
Оценки точности пуассоновской аппроксимации для распределения числа серий повторений длинных цепочек в цепи Маркова
Authors: Mikhailov Vladimir Gavrilovich
Published: December 2015

Пусть $X_0,X_1,\ldots$ - простая эргодическая цепь Маркова с конечным числом состояний. Получены равномерные по $k$ оценки точности пуассоновской аппроксимации для распределения числа серий $k$-кратных повторений $s$-цепочек в начальном отрезке цепи $X_0,X_1,\ldots$
Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 14-50-00005).
Орбитальные производные по подгруппами их комбинаторно-групповые свойства
Authors: Pogorelov Boris Aleksandrovich , Pudovkina Marina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2015

Рассматриваются свойства орбитальных производных по подгруппам группы ${{G}_{n}}$, порождeнной аддитивными группами кольца вычетов ${{\mathbb{Z}}_{{{2}^{n}}}}$ и $n$-мерного векторного пространства ${{V}_{n}}$ над полем $GF(2)$. Описываются неуплотняемые последовательности вложенных орбит для подгрупп группы ${{G}_{n}}$ и силовской подгруппы ${{P}_{n}}$ симметрической группы ${{S}_{{{2}^{n}}}}$. Для орбитальных производных рассматриваются три аналога понятия степени нелинейности для функций над ${{\mathbb{Z}}_{{{2}^{n}}}}$ или ${{V}_{n}}$.
Comparison of advanced offline and in situ techniques of organic aerosol composition measurement during the CalNex campaign
Authors: Timkovsky J. , Chan A. W. H. , Dorst T. , Goldstein A. H. , Oyama B. , Holzinger R.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Our understanding of formation processes, physical properties, and climate/health effects of organic aerosols is still limited in part due to limited knowledge of organic aerosol composition. We present speciated measurements of organic aerosol composition by two methods: in situ thermal-desorption proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (TD-PTR-MS) and offline two-dimensional gas chromatography with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC × GC/TOF-MS). Using the GC × GC/TOF-MS 153 compounds were identified, 123 of which were matched with 64 ions observed by the TD-PTR-MS. A reasonable overall correlation of 0.67 (r2) was found between the total matched TD-PTR-MS signal (sum of 64 ions) and the total matched GC × GC/TOF-MS signal (sum of 123 compounds) for the Los Angeles area. A reasonable quantitative agreement between the two methods was observed for most individual compounds with concentrations which were detected at levels above 2 ng m−3 using the GC × GC/TOF-MS. The analysis of monocarboxylic acids standards with TD-PTR-MS showed that alkanoic acids with molecular masses below 290 amu are detected well (recovery fractions above 60 %). However, the concentrations of these acids were consistently higher on quartz filters (quantified offline by GC × GC/TOF-MS) than those suggested by in situ TD-PTR-MS measurements, which is consistent with the semivolatile nature of the acids and corresponding positive filter sampling artifacts.
Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) satellite observations of ammonia, methanol, formic acid, and carbon monoxide over the Canadian oil sands: validation and model evaluation
Authors: Shephard M. W. , McLinden C. A. , Cady-Pereira K. E. , Luo M. , Moussa S. G. , Leithead A. , Liggio J. , Staebler R. M. , Akingunola A. , Makar P. , Lehr P. , Zhang J. , Henze D. K. , Millet D. B. , Bash J. O. , Zhu L. , Wells K. C. , Capps S. L. , Chaliyakunnel S. , Gordon M. , Hayden K. , Brook J. R. , Wolde M. , Li S.-M.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. The wealth of air quality information provided by satellite infrared observations of ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide (CO), formic acid (HCOOH), and methanol (CH3OH) is currently being explored and used for a number of applications, especially at regional or global scales. These applications include air quality monitoring, trend analysis, emissions, and model evaluation. This study provides one of the first direct validations of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) satellite-retrieved profiles of NH3, CH3OH, and HCOOH through comparisons with coincident aircraft profiles. The comparisons are performed over the Canadian oil sands region during the intensive field campaign (August–September, 2013) in support of the Joint Canada–Alberta Implementation Plan for Oil Sands Monitoring (JOSM). The satellite/aircraft comparisons over this region during this period produced errors of (i) +0.08 ± 0.25 ppbv for NH3, (ii) +7.5 ± 23 ppbv for CO, (iii) +0.19 ± 0.46 ppbv for HCOOH, and (iv) −1.1 ± 0.39 ppbv for CH3OH. These values mostly agree with previously estimated retrieval errors; however, the relatively large negative bias in CH3OH and the significantly greater positive bias for larger HCOOH and CO values observed during this study warrant further investigation. Satellite and aircraft ammonia observations during the field campaign are also used in an initial effort to perform preliminary evaluations of Environment Canada's Global Environmental Multi-scale – Modelling Air quality and CHemistry (GEM-MACH) air quality modelling system at high resolution (2.5 × 2.5 km2). These initial results indicate a model underprediction of ~ 0.6 ppbv (~ 60 %) for NH3, during the field campaign period. The TES/model CO comparison differences are ~ +20 ppbv (~ +20 %), but given that under these conditions the TES/aircraft comparisons also show a small positive TES CO bias indicates that the overall model underprediction of CO is closer to ~ 10 % at 681 hPa (~ 3 km) during this period.
Projecting the release of carbon from permafrost soils using a perturbed physics ensemble
Authors: MacDougall A. H. , Knutti R.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. The soils of the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region are estimated to contain 1100 to 1500 Pg of carbon (Pg C). A substantial fraction of this carbon has been frozen and therefore protected from microbial decay for millennia. As anthropogenic climate warming progresses much of this permafrost is expected to thaw. Here we conduct perturbed physics experiments on a climate model of intermediate complexity, with an improved permafrost carbon module, to estimate with formal uncertainty bounds the release of carbon from permafrost soils by year 2100 and 2300. We estimate that by 2100 the permafrost region may release between 56 (13 to 118) Pg C under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6 and 102 (27 to 199) Pg C under RCP 8.5, with substantially more to be released under each scenario by year 2300. A subset of 25 model variants were projected 8000 years into the future under continued RCP 4.5 and 8.5 forcing. Under the high forcing scenario the permafrost carbon pool decays away over several thousand years. Under the moderate scenario forcing a remnant near-surface permafrost region persists in the high Arctic which develops a large permafrost carbon pool, leading to global recovery of the pool beginning in mid third millennium of the common era (CE). Overall our simulations suggest that the permafrost carbon cycle feedback to climate change will make a significant but not cataclysmic contribution to climate change over the next centuries and millennia.
Forests on drained agricultural peatland are potentially large sources of greenhouse gases – insights from a full rotation period simulation
Authors: He H. , Jansson P.-E. , Svensson M. , Björklund J. , Tarvainen L. , Klemedtsson L. , Kasimir Å.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. The CoupModel was used to simulate a Norway Spruce forest on fertile drained peat over 60 years, from planting in 1951 until 2011, describing abiotic, biotic and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (CO2 and N2O). By calibrating the model against tree ring data we obtained a "reference" model by which we were able to describe the fluxes and controlling factors over the 60 years. We discuss some conceptual issues relevant to improving the model in order to better understand peat soil simulations. However, the present model was able to describe the most important ecosystem dynamics such as the plant biomass development and GHG emissions. The GHG fluxes are composed of two important quantities, the forest carbon (C) uptake, 405 g C m−2 yr−1 and the decomposition of peat soil, 396 g C m−2 yr−1. N2O emissions contribute to the GHG emissions by 0.5 g N m−2 yr−1, corresponding to 56.8 g C m−2 yr−1. The 60-year-old Spruce forest has an accumulated biomass of 164 Mg C ha−1. However, over this period 208 Mg C ha−1 GHG has been added to the atmosphere, which means a net addition of GHG emissions. The main losses are from the peat soil and, indirectly, from forest thinning products, which we assume have a short lifetime. We conclude that after harvest at an age of 80 years, most of the stored biomass carbon is liable to be released, the system having captured C only temporarily and with a cost of disappeared peat, adding CO2 to the atmosphere.
Closing a gap in tropical forest biomass estimation: accounting for crown mass variation in pantropical allometries
Authors: Ploton P. , Barbier N. , Momo S. T. , Réjou-Méchain M. , Boyemba Bosela F. , Chuyong G. , Dauby G. , Droissart V. , Fayolle A. , Goodman R. C. , Henry M. , Kamdem N. G. , Katembo Mukirania J. , Kenfack D. , Libalah M. , Ngomanda A. , Rossi V. , Sonké B. , Texier N. , Thomas D. , Zebaze D. , Couteron P. , Berger U. , Pélissier R.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Accurately monitoring tropical forest carbon stocks is an outstanding challenge. Allometric models that consider tree diameter, height and wood density as predictors are currently used in most tropical forest carbon studies. In particular, a pantropical biomass model has been widely used for approximately a decade, and its most recent version will certainly constitute a reference in the coming years. However, this reference model shows a systematic bias for the largest trees. Because large trees are key drivers of forest carbon stocks and dynamics, understanding the origin and the consequences of this bias is of utmost concern. In this study, we compiled a unique tree mass dataset on 673 trees measured in five tropical countries (101 trees > 100 cm in diameter) and an original dataset of 130 forest plots (1 ha) from central Africa to quantify the error of biomass allometric models at the individual and plot levels when explicitly accounting or not accounting for crown mass variations. We first showed that the proportion of crown to total tree aboveground biomass is highly variable among trees, ranging from 3 to 88 %. This proportion was constant on average for trees < 10 Mg (mean of 34 %) but, above this threshold, increased sharply with tree mass and exceeded 50 % on average for trees ≥ 45 Mg. This increase coincided with a progressive deviation between the pantropical biomass model estimations and actual tree mass. Accounting for a crown mass proxy in a newly developed model consistently removed the bias observed for large trees (> 1 Mg) and reduced the range of plot-level error from −23–16 to 0–10 %. The disproportionally higher allocation of large trees to crown mass may thus explain the bias observed recently in the reference pantropical model. This bias leads to far-from-negligible, but often overlooked, systematic errors at the plot level and may be easily corrected by accounting for a crown mass proxy for the largest trees in a stand, thus suggesting that the accuracy of forest carbon estimates can be significantly improved at a minimal cost.
Topography-based flow-directional roughness: potential and challenges
Authors: Trevisani S. , Cavalli M.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Surface texture analysis applied to High Resolution Digital Terrain Models (HRDTMs) is a promising approach for extracting useful fine-scale morphological information. Surface roughness, considered here as a synonym of surface texture, can have a discriminant role in the detection of different geomorphic processes and factors. Very often, the local morphology presents, at different scales, anisotropic characteristics that could be taken into account when calculating or measuring surface roughness. The high morphological detail of HRDTMs permits the description of different aspects of surface roughness, beyond an evaluation limited to isotropic measures of surface roughness. The generalization of the concept of roughness implies the need to refer to a family of specific roughness indices capable of capturing specific multi-scale and anisotropic aspects of surface morphology. An interesting set of roughness indices is represented by directional measures of roughness that can be meaningful in the context of analyzed and modeled flow processes. Accordingly, we test the application of a flow-oriented directional measure of roughness based on the geostatistical bivariate index MAD (median of absolute directional differences), which is computed considering surface gravity-driven flow direction. MAD is derived from a modification of a variogram and is specifically designed for the geomorphometric analysis of HRDTMs. The presented approach shows the potential impact of considering directionality in the calculation of roughness indices. The results demonstrate that the use of flow directional roughness can improve geomorphometric modeling (e.g., sediment connectivity and surface texture modeling) and the interpretation of landscape morphology.
Singular vector-based targeted observations of chemical constituents: description and first application of the EURAD-IM-SVA v1.0
Authors: Goris N. , Elbern H.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Measurements of the large-dimensional chemical state of the atmosphere provide only sparse snapshots of the state of the system due to their typically insufficient temporal and spatial density. In order to optimize the measurement configurations despite those limitations, the present work describes the identification of sensitive states of the chemical system as optimal target areas for adaptive observations. For this purpose, the technique of singular vector analysis (SVA), which has proven effective for targeted observations in numerical weather prediction, is implemented in the EURAD-IM (EURopean Air pollution and Dispersion – Inverse Model) chemical transport model, yielding the EURAD-IM-SVA v1.0. Besides initial values, emissions are investigated as critical simulation controlling targeting variables. For both variants, singular vectors are applied to determine the optimal placement for observations and moreover to quantify which chemical compounds have to be observed with preference. Based on measurements of the airship based ZEPTER-2 campaign, the EURAD-IM-SVA v1.0 has been evaluated by conducting a comprehensive set of model runs involving different initial states and simulation lengths. For the sake of brevity, we concentrate our attention on the following chemical compounds, O3, NO, NO2, HCHO, CO, HONO, and OH, and focus on their influence on selected O3 profiles. Our analysis shows that the optimal placement for observations of chemical species is not entirely determined by mere transport and mixing processes. Rather, a combination of initial chemical concentrations, chemical conversions, and meteorological processes determines the influence of chemical compounds and regions. We furthermore demonstrate that the optimal placement of observations of emission strengths is highly dependent on the location of emission sources and that the benefit of including emissions as target variables outperforms the value of initial value optimization with growing simulation length. The obtained results confirm the benefit of considering both initial values and emission strengths as target variables and of applying the EURAD-IM-SVA v1.0 for measurement decision guidance with respect to chemical compounds.
Assessing the impact of climate variability and human activities on streamflow variation
Authors: Chang J. , Zhang H. , Wang Y. , Zhu Y.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Water resources in river systems have been changing under the impact of both climate variability and human activities. Assessing the respective impact on decadal streamflow variation is important for water resource management. By using an elasticity-based method and calibrated TOPMODEL and VIC hydrological models, we quantitatively isolated the relative contributions that human activities and climate variability made to decadal streamflow changes in Jinghe basin, located in the northwest of China. This is an important watershed of Shaanxi Province that supplies drinking water for a population of over 6 million people. The results showed that the maximum value of the moisture index (E0/P) was 1.91 and appeared in 1991–2000 and that the decreased speed of streamflow was higher since 1990. The average annual streamflow from 1990 to 2010 was reduced by 26.96 % compared with the multi-year average value. The estimates of climate variability and the impact of human activities on streamflow decreases from the hydrological models were similar to those from the elasticity-based method. The maximum contribution value of human activities was appeared in 1981–1990 due to the effects of soil and water conservation measures and irrigation water withdrawal. Climate variability made the greatest contribution to reduction in 1991–2000, the values of which were 99 and 40.4 % when averaged over the three methods. We emphasized various source of errors and uncertainties that may occur in the hydrological model (parameter and structural uncertainty) and elasticity-based method (model parameter) in climate change impact studies.
Evaluation of a compound distribution based on weather pattern subsampling for extreme rainfall in Norway
Authors: Blanchet J. , Touati J. , Lawrence D. , Garavaglia F. , Paquet E.
Published: December 2015

Abstract. Simulation methods for design flood analyses require estimates of extreme precipitation for simulating maximum discharges. This article evaluates the multi-exponential weather pattern (MEWP) model, a compound model based on weather pattern classification, seasonal splitting and exponential distributions, for its suitability for use in Norway. The MEWP model is the probabilistic rainfall model used in the SCHADEX method for extreme flood estimation. Regional scores of evaluation are used in a split sample framework to compare the MEWP distribution with more general heavy-tailed distributions, in this case the Multi Generalized Pareto Weather Pattern (MGPWP) distribution. The analysis shows the clear benefit obtained from seasonal and weather pattern-based subsampling for extreme value estimation. The MEWP distribution is found to have an overall better performance as compared with the MGPWP, which tends to overfit the data and lacks robustness. Finally, we take advantage of the split sample framework to present evidence for an increase in extreme rainfall in the southwestern part of Norway during the period 1979–2009, relative to 1948–1978.
Ancora sulla diacronia di "però"
Authors: Proietti Domenico
Published: December 2015

Ancora sulla diacronia di "però"
La diacronia di anzi: considerazioni teoriche, dati e prime ipotesi
Authors: Visconti Jaqueline
Published: December 2015

La diacronia di anzi: considerazioni teoriche, dati e prime ipotesi
Grande Guerra. Al fronte e dietro il fronte
Authors: Magris Claudio , Ioli Giovanna
Published: December 2015

Grande Guerra. Al fronte e dietro il fronte
Una donna che parla alle donne: la Prima guerra mondiale vista da Matilde Serao in Parla "una donna"
Authors: Zangrandi Silvia
Published: December 2015

Una donna che parla alle donne: la Prima guerra mondiale vista da Matilde Serao in Parla "una donna"
«Nell’ombra delle mie ali d’uomo»: echi autobiografici, letterari e giornalistici della Partecipazione di Gabriele d’Annunzio alla Prima guerra mondiale
Authors: Zollino Antonio
Published: December 2015

«Nell’ombra delle mie ali d’uomo»: echi autobiografici, letterari e giornalistici dellaPartecipazione di Gabriele d’Annunzio alla Prima guerra mondiale
The Relationship between Audit Committee Characteristics, Audit Firm Quality and Companies’ Profitability
Authors: Aryan Laith A
Published: December 2015

Jordan displayed keen interest in corporate governance in terms of enhancing the quality of financial statements and to restore the investors’ confidence. This study aimed to highlight the role of audit committee and external audit in enhancing companies’ profitability. Since there are contradictions in previous studies results, there is a need to test these relationships in Jordanian context to provide empirical evidence on this issue,especially after the corporate governance application became mandatory since 2009. This study has used industrial sector, which include 91 companies, only 69 companies were included in this study, the other 22 companies were excluded either newly listed or delisted during the study period (2009-2014). Multiple regression were used to analyze the data, the result showed positive relationships between audit committee meeting, audit committee size and companies profitability, while no significant relationship between audit committee composition, audit committee members literacy, audit quality and companies profitability. Such results would be beneficial to companies’ corporate governance committees to play their supervisory role. 
A Study on the Practice of Applying Scaffolding Theory to the Teaching of Subjunctive Mood
Authors: Liao Wei
Published: December 2015

This study intends to apply scaffolding theory to the teaching of English subjunctive mood in senior high schools. After reviewing the researches about scaffolding theory and some studies related to English grammar teaching, the author puts forward a real lesson plan for subjunctive mood teaching, which includes the analysis of teaching material, teaching aims, teaching key point and difficult points, teaching method and the most important, teaching procedures. During the teaching procedures, the author tries to analyze every step, namely, lead-in, presentation and observation, discovery, practice, production, summary and homework, and after-class reflection, from the perspective of scaffoldings the teacher has given to students. The final finding shows that scaffolding can stimulate students’ interest in learning, and improve their ability of independent and cooperative learning. On the whole, the practice of applying scaffolding theory can be encouraged in English grammar teaching.
Educational Turning Point in Albania: No More Mechanic Parrots but Critical Thinkers
Authors: Alhasani Mirela Dubali
Published: December 2015

Since 2004 Albanian academics have been making efforts to establish the best Western practices of academic writing associated with critical thinking and writing skills for university students. In this article, I will shed light upon the special challenges and peculiarities the establishment of Academic Writing discipline has encountered in Albania over the years of educational transformation in the broad framework of democratic political transition. I argue that the socio-political indoctrination of the society during five decades of communist dictatorship has delayed the cultivation of critical thinking, reading and, consequently, critical writing skills for academic and occupational opportunities. Moreover, the research will not be limited only to causal factors of delay, instead, it will pave the way to recommendations that accelerate the successful acquisition and possession of such crucial academic writing skills for Albanian university graduates and academia in general.

First, I provide literature on definition of critical thinking and its improvement through writing courses; next I depict the typical political indoctrination of students during communist dictatorship tracing the legacy of mechanic reading and the huge lack of critical discourse even among the academic staffs themselves; later on I discuss the contemporary academic focus being placed upon the need of critical academic writing to prepare independent thinkers successful to face the democratic transition. Finally, and most importantly, I offer substantial suggestions and recommendations how to implement successfully the Western Academic writing tradition in the higher education curricula by taking into consideration Albania’s educational legacy.
Synthesis and Application of Layered Double Hydroxide for the removal of Copper in Wastewater
Authors: N. Ayawei , T. Ekubo A. , D. Wankasi , D. Dikio E.
Published: December 2015

Ni-Al Layered double hydroxide (Ni-Al LDHs) with M2+: M3+ (4:1) ratio was synthesized by co-precipitation method from nitrate salt solutions. The layered double hydroxide was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy/Scanning Electronic Microscopy. The influences of phase contact time, temperature and initial concentrations were investigated to optimize the conditions for maximum adsorption. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and fitted well with correlation coefficient values of 0.9996 and 0.9995 respectively.  The thermodynamic parameters of Isosteric heat of adsorption (DHx), Activation energy (Ea), Enthalpy change (DHo) and Entropy change (DSo) were calculated to be 18.1KJ/mol, 1.447KJ/mol, -7.135J/mol and 24J/molK respectively. The results shows that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic.
A Study of Technical Measures for Increasing the Roof-Contacted Ratio in Stope and Cavity Filling
Authors: Kouame Kouame Joseph Arthur , Feng Yu , Jiang Fuxing , Zhu Sitao
Published: December 2015

Due to the increasing depth of mines, fill mining is increasingly widely used in metal mines. As a result, supporting pit roofs has become an important issue to which an increasing number of people are devoting attention. This paper analyses the factors affecting the rate of supporting pit roofs under stope filling conditions, including filling slurry properties and the filling process. Building on this, the paper examines a number of potential measures for improving the rate of supporting pit roofs, including creating good conditions for filling, optimizing filling slurry properties, eliminating the problems caused by water and improving filling technology. Mining companies must select from these measures according to the particular conditions in which their mines operate, but given the right conditions all of the measures examined have the potential to increase the rate at which pit roofs are supported.
Video Summarization by an Innovative Method in Shot Detection
Authors: Ahmadzade Ali Mohammad , Farsi Hassan
Published: December 2015

The aim of a video summarization system is to provide a set of key frames which contain the most important parts of video. This method results in efficient storage, quick browsing, and retrieval of video collection. In this paper, we propose a new summarization system which firstly divides the video into meaningful shots using an innovative and fast method, and then we sample the video frames of each shot. This results in 97% reduction in under-process video frames. Then, using various characteristics of sampled frames such as color histogram, correlation and moment of inertia, we propose an adaptive aggregation function for combination of these characteristics (differences) and extraction of key frames. The proposed system is evaluated using 250 manual key frames constructed by human operators from 50 downloaded videos. The obtained results show that the proposed system provides better results compared to 6 different traditional methods.
An Evaluation of Perceptual Classification led by Cognitive Models in Traffic Scenes
Authors: Mansouri Fatimaezzahra , Sadgal Mohamed , Elfazziki Abdelaziz , Benchikhi Loubna
Published: December 2015

The objects extraction and recognition constitute the most important link in the image processing and understanding, and it cannot be achieved without a solid objects organization during the processing through the learning mechanisms. Most often, both the response time and the accuracy are undeniable criteria for applications in this field. Actually, a vision system need to take into consideration these criteria, either in the structural, the methodological or in the algorithmic aspect. Thus, we consider that the ontological study at the domain and task levels, in the vision systems, has become essential in order to provide a substantial assistance to the multitudes of applications in image processing. Concerning the domain knowledge, several patterns for structuring were proposed to improve the objects representation and organization, they often advocate the precision aspect on time and on effort devoted to the recognition. In practical terms, clustering methods only focus on the accuracy aspect within a category, without considering the recognition aspect [1]. Thus, we propose in this study a new procedure of object categorization, which uses, according to the expertise in the domain, a fit evaluation that is able to adjust the level of partitioning. As a result, this procedure will find a compromise between the accuracy on the categories and the reduction of the supplied effort in recognition.
Arabic/Latin and Machine-printed/Handwritten Word Discrimination using HOG-based Shape Descriptor
Authors: Saidani Asma , Kacem Afef , Belaid Abdel
Published: December 2015

In this paper, we present an approach for Arabic and Latin script and its type identification based on Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) descriptors. HOGs are first applied at word level based on writing orientation analysis. Then, they are extended to word image partitions to capture fine and discriminative details. Pyramid HOG are also used to study their effects on different observation levels of the image. Finally, co-occurrence matrices of HOG are performed to consider spatial information between pairs of pixels which is not taken into account in basic HOG. A genetic algorithm is applied to select the potential informative features combinations which maximizes the classification accuracy. The output is a relatively short descriptor that provides an effective input to a Bayes-based classifier. Experimental results on a set of words, extracted from standard databases, show that our identification system is robust and provides good word script and type identification: 99.07% of words are correctly classified.
Description of a new monospecific genus of South African Trichiina, with a key to the related genera (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Ricchiardi Enrico
Published: December 2015

A new monospecific genus, Pseudostegopterus gen. nov., endemic to the northwestern region of South Africa, is erected. The type species is described as Pseudospegopterus melonthinoides sp. nov. and is currently known only from male specimens. A provisional dichotomic key of the African Trichiina genera is also provided, in order to facilitate the identification of male specimens to the genus level.
Toward a Psychological Study of Class Consciousness: Development and Validation of a Social Psychological Model
Authors: Keefer Lucas A. , Goode Chris , Van Berkel Laura
Published: December 2015

While social class has recently become a prominent topic in social psychological research, much of this effort has focused on the psychological consequences of objective and subjective indices of class (e.g., income, perceived status). This approach sheds light on the consequences of social class itself, but overlooks a construct of central importance in earlier theorizing on class: class consciousness, or the extent to which individuals acknowledge and situate themselves within class relations. The current paper offers a psychological model of class consciousness comprised of five elements: awareness of social class, perceptions of class conflict, beliefs about the permeability of class groups, identification with a class group, and personal experience of being treated as a member of one’s class. We offer a measure assessing those central dimensions and assess differences in these dimensions by age, gender, indices of social class, political ideology, and among different class groups. Finally, we offer suggestions for how an awareness of class consciousness may enrich social psychology and ultimately foster political change.
Cancer Stem-Cell Related miRNAs: Novel Potential Targets for Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anshika N. Singh  , Anand P. Khandwekar  , Neeti Sharma
Published: December 2015

Globally Prostate Cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed and sixth leading cause of Cancer mortalities in men worldwide but currently there is no cure for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Chemoresistance and metastasis are the main causes of treatment resistance and mortality in Prostate Cancer patients. Although several advances have been made to control yet there is an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms and pathways for chemoresistance and prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a sub-population of cancer cells characterised by self-renewal and tumor initiation, have gained intense attention as they not only play a crucial role in cancer relapse but also contribute substantially to chemoresistance. Contributing to the role of CSCs are the miRNAs which are known key regulators of the posttranscriptional regulation of genes involved in a wide array of biological processes including tumorigenesis. The altered expressions of miRNAs have been associated with not only with tumor development but also with invasion, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and metastasis. Thus identification of signature miRNA associated with EMT and CSCs would provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the improvement of current treatment thus leading to increase in patient survival.
Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer: cAMP-Dependent Signaling as a Therapeutic Target
Authors: Charles E. Myers
Published: December 2015

Prostate cancer exhibits both epithelial to mesenchymal transition and neuroendocrine differentiation. The major barrier to targeting epithelial to mesenchymal transition is that it is heavily involved with normal biology, such as wound repair. In prostate cancer, cAMP can trigger both neuroendocrine differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in a Snail-dependent manner We will review inhibition of cAMP-signaling as a target for drug development with the goal of simultaneously blocking both neuroendocrine differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in a tissue and tumor selective manner.
Estrategias e instrumentos para la educación patrimonial en España
Authors: Fontal Merillas Olaia , Ibáñez Etxeberria Alex
Published: December 2015

España es uno de los países con mayor volumen de patrimonio reconocido internacionalmente y cuenta con una ingente cantidad de bienes culturales declarados conforme a la normativa estatal y autonómica. Gestionar todo ese patrimonio para lograr que sus propietarios simbólicos lo entiendan y sientan como suyo, lo conozcan, comprendan y valoren, pasa necesariamente por una actuación educativa que debe ser ordenada, estable y sostenida en el tiempo, además de estar sólidamente fundamentada. De este modo, la educación patrimonial se concibe como una disciplina clave en la gestión del patrimonio,
capaz de conseguir que sus propietarios simbólicos lo quieran custodiar y transmitir, pero además lo hagan de manera respetuosa no sólo hacia el patrimonio sino también hacia las sociedades que lo han custodiado y legado a lo largo de nuestra historia.

En educación patrimonial, España se sitúa como un país de referencia internacional, en tanto cuenta con dos potentes instrumentos, de corte institucional, que se están impulsando desde el propio Gobierno, a través de órganos que coordinan al Estado y a las CCAA: el Plan Nacional de Educación y Patrimonio, por una parte y el Observatorio de Educación Patrimonial en España, por otra. Conoceremos detalladamente ambos instrumentos, accediendo a datos relevantes derivados de algunas de las investigaciones que se sustentan en ellos. Existe un tercer instrumento que concebimos como una estrategia de planificación futura, como es el currículum, que justifica la presencia y alcance del patrimonio en la enseñanza formal, de modo que conviene planificar convenientemente su enfoque educativo en relación con las diferentes etapas y niveles de concreción curricular.
Educomunicación del patrimonio
Authors: Martín Cáceres Myriam J. , Cuenca López José María
Published: December 2015

Se presenta una síntesis de la actividad de investigación del grupo EDIPATRI, de la Universidad de Huelva. Los trabajos de investigación desarrollados por este grupo abordan el campo de la educación  patrimonial, desde perspectivas interdisiciplinares, holísticas, simbólico-identitarias y sociocríticas. Tras indicar los antecedentes y contexto académico de este campo de investigación, se parte de la teoría de la comunicación como marco de referencia para la comprensión de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje del patrimonio. Se presenta el instrumento básico de investigación, el sistema de categorías, marco analítico para los estudios de este grupo. Se muestran los resultados más
significativos obtenidos dentro del ámbito de la educación formal y no formal. Estos estudios ponen de manifiesto que, aunque sigue existiendo una importante carga tradicionalista a la hora de trabajar con el patrimonio, cada vez hay más propuestas que plantean una comunicación patrimonial
abierta, flexible, interactiva y dinámica. Esto implica una importante mejora
en la educación patrimonial y un futuro mucho más prometedor.  Finalmente, se platean unas conclusiones que proponen líneas de investigación abiertas dentro de la educación patrimonial y que previsiblemente serán abordadas en un futuro, para la potenciación de lo que podríamos llamar una educomunicación patrimonial deseable.
Transitando por la evaluación de los Programas Educativos de Museos de Arte del proyecto ECPEME
Authors: Calaf Masach Roser , Gillate Aierdi Iratxe , Gutiérrez Berciano Sué
Published: December 2015

Este artículo presenta parte de los resultados de la investigación ECPEME desarrollada en museos de Arte, el Museo de Escultura de Valladolid, el Museo Patio Herreriano de Valladolid y Museo CN Jovellanos de Gijón (museo piloto) y que tiene por objetivo la búsqueda de estándares y/o criterios de calidad para mejorar los programas educativos Los resultados han dado lugar a un proceso que hemos denominado de “transito”, ya que nos sirve para explicar los diferentes cambios que se han producido en los museos. Así, se producen tránsitos en los propios museos que dejan de ser contenedores y pasan a ser educadores; Tránsitos en los programas educativos de los museos que evolucionan a través de su propio trabajo y reflexión; en el paso de la evaluación de públicos a la evaluación de programas educativos; en las investigadoras a través de la relación con las educadoras y responsables de los programas educativos; y de estas últimas por su participación en la investigación. Se puede afirmar que el tipo de evaluación realizada que tiene como objetivo describir e interpretar la actuación educativa en los museos como un dialogo entre las personas responsables de estos y las personas investigadoras tiene como resultado una interacción, que consideramos imprescindible en la búsqueda de los estándares de calidad de los programas educativos. En los apartados del artículo se busca reflejar la idea de transito por los datos que se extraen de los protocolos de la investigación y transito reflejando resultados finales o el detalle de metodologías
Cine y literatura para el aprendizaje de las competencias básicas: vínculos semióticos y educativos
Authors: González García María
Published: December 2015

Este artículo expone que la conexión intertextual entre cine y literatura favorece el aprendizaje para la vida de estudiantes de etapas educativas obligatorias. Ello se debe a la proyección del vínculo semiótico existente entre ambas disciplinas artísticas hacia el diseño de tareas complejas de comprensión y expresión oral, escrita y audiovisual con proyección mediática, donde desarrollar cooperativamente un conocimiento contextualizado y estratégico de las competencias básicas. Contribuye así a solventar un problema tradicionalmente afincado en la educación escolar: el canon de especialización que impone contenidos conceptuales alejados del mundo de los aprendices y evaluables mediante tareas simples de control, cuyo modelo lingüístico e instructor es insostenible en el horizonte globalizado del siglo XXI que requiere formar a las personas para adaptarse con flexibilidad a un mundo cambiante e interconectado.
Por ello, se propone aquí una metodología de investigación-acción en el aula que ha sido validada con intervenciones innovadoras efectuadas durante tres cursos académicos consecutivos en las etapas de Educación Primaria y Educación Secundaria, donde, entre cuentos tradicionales y películas recientes, se ha promovido un aprendizaje significativo, constructivista y heurístico cuyos hipertextos creativos y materiales didácticos han sido difundidos en la Web y cuyos hallazgos empíricos confirman esta hipótesis de trabajo interdisciplinario.
Estrategias de enseñanza de la Química en la formación inicial del Profesorado Universitario
Authors: Galiano José Eduardo , Sevillano García María Luisa
Published: December 2015

El propósito de este artículo es presentar los resultados de la investigación referida al uso de estrategias de enseñanza de química por parte de los docentes de la carrera universitaria de formación de profesores en Argentina, puesto que los egresados se desempeñarán en escuelas de nivel secundario, donde recae el problema del aprendizaje e interés por la química. Para ello analizamos el plan de estudios de profesorado en química de la Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, la jerarquización, titulación y formación de los docentes. Entrevistamos en profundidad a 18 profesores y analizamos, tanto la concepción de estrategias didácticas como el uso de las mismas: tipo, frecuencia, relación con enseñanza de calidad, entre otras. La vinculación alumnos – estrategias y uso de estrategias – recursos. Los resultados muestran la escasa formación de los docentes en la naturaleza del proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje y por ende en la conceptualización de estrategia pero reconocen su utilización, siendo la lección magistral con sus diferentes variantes la estrategia ampliamente elegida y, consecuentemente el recurso más empleado, es el pizarrón. Lo que caracteriza la persistencia de modelos didácticos tradicionales.
Es destacable la predisposición de los docentes para incorporar estrategias que aseguren una enseñanza de calidad, más aún, considerando el potencial egresado que se está formando y justifican la carencia de uso de determinadas estrategias con razones de exigencias de formación y falta
de capacitación, prácticas institucionales, negativa a la innovación, exigencias del sistema referidos a investigación, posgrado.
Claves pedagógicas para la mejora de la calidad del EEES
Authors: González-Pérez Alicia
Published: December 2015

En la actualidad existe un interés especial sobre la calidad del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior y los factores implicados en ella. De ahí que es importante no dejar pasar por alto qué piensan los estudiantes sobre cómo la universidad gestiona la orientación y asesoramiento educativo, la empleabilidad, el emprendimiento, el desarrollo de competencias, el uso de las TIC y la internacionalización como factores claves de la calidad universitaria. Al mismo tiempo es de interés conocer cómo el profesorado logra la excelencia en sus aulas, es decir ¿Qué hace a un gran profesor ser genial? Estas son algunas de las cuestiones a las que se trata de dar respuesta en este trabajo de investigación. Además también se aportan ejemplos de buenas prácticas que se están implantando en algunas universidades europeas y que van en busca de un sistema de la excelencia.
La realidad marginal de la colonia Jalisco narrada a través de fotografías de estudiantes de secundaria
Authors: Landeros Casillas Marta Ileana , Robertson Sierra Alejandra
Published: December 2015

La presente investigación es un estudio que se llevó a cabo en la colonia Jalisco, una de las colonias más conflictivas y marginales de la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara. Durante el ciclo escolar se 2013-2014 se impartió un taller fotográfico multigrado en la secundaria Mixta 39, con el objetivo de que a través de construcciones visuales los alumnos nos contaran
sus sentires, conflictos, percepciones, miedos y sueños a partir del contexto en donde viven. El proyecto puede tomarse como un ejemplo para proponer nuevos programas que se inserten como materia alternativa en los programas oficiales de educación pública, pues van encaminados a incentivar la creatividad, la reflexión y el pensamiento crítico.
Estrategias de comprensión lectora para estudiantes de Magisterio
Authors: Cano Vela Ángel Gregorio
Published: December 2015

Se presentan en este trabajo los resultados de varias experiencias llevadas a cabo durante
los tres últimos cursos con alumnos de Magisterio de la Facultad de Educación de Ciudad Real consistentes en estrategias de comprensión lectora aplicadas a textos expositivos propios del ámbito académico. El objetivo es que los estudiantes automaticen los mecanismos cognitivos que
conducen a dar con el tema y las ideas principales de un texto sin necesidad de plasmarlo por escrito a través de herramientas de estudio como el subrayado, el esquema, el mapa conceptual, etc., que se deben trabajar en Educación Primaria y en Secundaria, junto con la rúbrica de autoevaluación con el propósito de mejorar su competencia lectora.