bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EEG-Controlled Wall-Crawling Cleaning Robot Using SSVEP-Based Brain-Computer Interface
Authors: Shao Lei , Zhang Longyu , Belkacem Abdelkader Nasreddine , Zhang Yiming , Chen Xiaoqi , Li Ji , Liu Hongli
Published: January 2020

The assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative applications of EEG-based robot control and navigation are undergoing a major transformation in dimension as well as scope. Under the background of artificial intelligence, medical and nonmedical robots have rapidly developed and have gradually been applied to enhance the quality of people’s lives. We focus on connecting the brain with a mobile home robot by translating brain signals to computer commands to build a brain-computer interface that may offer the promise of greatly enhancing the quality of life of disabled and able-bodied people by considerably improving their autonomy, mobility, and abilities. Several types of robots have been controlled using BCI systems to complete real-time simple and/or complicated tasks with high performances. In this paper, a new EEG-based intelligent teleoperation system was designed for a mobile wall-crawling cleaning robot. This robot uses crawler type instead of the traditional wheel type to be used for window or floor cleaning. For EEG-based system controlling the robot position to climb the wall and complete the tasks of cleaning, we extracted steady state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) from the collected electroencephalography (EEG) signal. The visual stimulation interface in the proposed SSVEP-based BCI was composed of four flicker pieces with different frequencies (e.g., 6 Hz, 7.5 Hz, 8.57 Hz, and 10 Hz). Seven subjects were able to smoothly control the movement directions of the cleaning robot by looking at the corresponding flicker using their brain activity. To solve the multiclass problem, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the wall within a short period, the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) classification algorithm had been used. Offline and online experiments were held to analyze/classify EEG signals and use them as real-time commands. The proposed system was efficient in the classification and control phases with an obtained accuracy of 89.92% and had an efficient response speed and timing with a bit rate of 22.23 bits/min. These results suggested that the proposed EEG-based clean robot system is promising for smart home control in terms of completing the tasks of cleaning the walls with efficiency, safety, and robustness.
Puerarin Relieved Compression-Induced Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Nucleus Pulposus Mesenchymal Stem Cells via the PI3K/Akt Pathway
Authors: Huang Donghua , Peng Yizhong , Ma Kaige , Qing Xiangcheng , Deng Xiangyu , Li Zhiliang , Shao Zengwu
Published: January 2020

Puerarin (PUR), an 8-C-glucoside of daidzein extracted from Pueraria plants, is closely related to autophagy, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and anti-inflammatory effects, but its effects on human nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells (NPMSCs) have not yet been identified. In this study, NPMSCs were cultured in a compression apparatus to simulate the microenvironment of the intervertebral disc under controlled pressure (1.0 MPa), and we found that cell viability was decreased and apoptosis level was gradually increased as compression duration was prolonged. After PUR administration, apoptosis level evaluated by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity was remitted, and protein levels of Bas as well as cleaved caspase-3 were decreased, while elevated Bcl-2 level was identified. Moreover, ATP production detection, ROS, and JC-1 fluorography as well as quantitative analysis suggested that PUR could attenuate intercellular ROS accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Besides, the rat tail compression model was utilized, which indicated that PUR could restore impaired nucleus pulposus degeneration induced by compression. The PI3K/Akt pathway was identified to be deactivated after compression stimulation by western blot, and PUR could rescue the phosphorylation of Akt, thus reactivating the pathway. The effects of PUR, such as antiapoptosis, cell viability restoration, antioxidation, and mitochondrial maintenance, were all counteracted by application of the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor (LY294002). Summarily, PUR could alleviate compression-induced apoptosis and cell death of human NPMSCs in vitro as well as on the rat compression model and maintain intracellular homeostasis by stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuating ROS accumulation through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
LCZ696, an Angiotensin Receptor‐Neprilysin Inhibitor, Improves Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis and Cardiac Lymphatic Remodeling in Transverse Aortic Constriction Model Mice
Authors: Ge Qing , Zhao Li , Liu Chen , Ren Xiaoming , Yu Yi-hui , Pan Chang , Hu Zuoying
Published: January 2020

Cardiac hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling following heart failure are important causes of high mortality in heart disease patients. The cardiac lymphatic system has been associated with limited research, but it plays an important role in the improvement of myocardial edema and the promotion of fluid balance. LCZ696 is a novel combination of angiotensin and neprilysin inhibitors. Here, we studied the role played by LCZ696 during transverse aortic constriction (TAC) induced cardiac hypertrophy and changes in the lymphatic system. Mice undergoing aortic coarctation were constructed to represent a cardiac hypertrophy model and then divided into random groups that either received treatment with LCZ696 (60 mg/kg/d) or no treatment. Cardiac ultrasonography was used to detect cardiac function, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining were used to detect myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. The proinflammatory factors interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were detected in the blood and heart tissues of mice. The protein expression levels of lymphatic‐specific markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF‐C), VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3), and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE‐1) were detected in mouse heart tissues. We also examined the colocalization of lymphatic vessels and macrophages by immunofluorescence. The results showed that LCZ696 significantly improved heart dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis and inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factors IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α in the circulating blood and heart tissues of mice. LCZ696 also decreased the protein expression levels of VEGF‐C, VEGFR3, and LYVE‐1 in mouse heart tissues, ameliorated the transport load of lymphatic vessels to macrophages, and improved the remodeling of the lymphatic system in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy model induced by TAC.
A Case of Acute Massive Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Thrombosis Leading to Fulminant Heart Failure
Authors: Nesheiwat Zeid , Shastri Pinang , Vyas Rohit , Burmeister Cameron , Grande Robert , Malas Hazem
Published: January 2020

Bioprosthetic valve thrombosis has been considered to be extremely unlikely, typically freeing patients from the potential complications of long-term anticoagulation. However, there have been several documented cases of bioprosthetic valve thrombosis and there are concerns that its incidence may be underreported. Experience with diagnosis and management of this condition is limited. Here, we present a case of acute massive bioprosthetic mitral thrombosis manifesting as fulminant heart failure.
Accurate Variable Control System for Boom Sprayer Based on Auxiliary Antidrift System
Authors: Fu Jun , Chen Chao , Zhao Rongqiang , Ren Luquan
Published: January 2020

Control accuracy significantly affects the performances of boom sprayer. In this study, we develop a precise autocontrol technology based on the vehicle speed feedback. We utilize the auxiliary antidrift system of wind-curtain type air flow and the variable spraying control system for adaptive fertilizing and online measuring of working conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the variable spraying control system could keep the speed error less than 3%. The air flow significantly improves the penetration of spraying, decreases the fog drip, and increases the pesticide utility. Benefitting from the auxiliary air flow, the average utility of pesticide is improved from 26.76% to 37.98%. Additionally, the speed feedback control reduces the consumption of pesticide by more than 12%.
Behçet Disease-Like Symptoms with a Novel COPA Mutation
Authors: Anderson E. , Hatch J. , Cardinal J. , Langguth D. , Coman D.
Published: January 2020

COPA syndrome is a recently described autosomal dominant disorder with key immune dysregulation caused by defects within the COPA gene. These mutations lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress and autoimmune response with upregulation of Th17 cytokines. The clinical phenotype of COPA syndrome primarily comprised pulmonary disease, arthritis, and renal disease secondary to immune dysregulation, with onset of symptoms commonly in the first decade of life. Herein, we describe a family with an attenuated Behçet-like phenotype of COPA syndrome, further expanding the phenotypic understanding of this syndrome.
Skull Sex Estimation Based on Wavelet Transform and Fourier Transform
Authors: Yang Wen , Zhou Mingquan , Zhang Pengfei , Geng Guohua , Liu Xiaoning , Zhang Haibo
Published: January 2020

Skull sex estimation is one of the hot research topics in forensic anthropology, and has important research value in the fields of criminal investigation, archeology, anthropology, and so on. Sex estimation of skull is crucial in forensic investigations, whether in legal situations that involve living people or to identify mortal remains. The aim of this study is to establish a skull‐based sex estimation model in Chinese population, providing a scientific reference for the practical application of forensic medicine and anthropology. We take the superior orbital margin and frontal bone of the skull as the research object and proposed a technology of objective sex estimation of the skull using wavelet transform and Fourier transform. Firstly, the supraorbital margin and frontal bone were quantified by wavelet transform and Fourier transform, and then the extracted features were classified by SVM, and the model was tested. The experimental results show that the accuracy rate of male and female sex discrimination is 90.9% and 94.4%, respectively, which is higher than that of morphological and measurement methods. Compared with the traditional methods, the method has more theoretical basis and objectivity, and the correct rate is higher.
miR-1291 Functions as a Potential Serum Biomarker for Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Qiu Li , Zhang Liming , Qi Ruiqun , Gao Xinghua , Chen Hongduo , Xiao Ting
Published: January 2020

Background. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common T helper 2- (Th2-) dominated autoimmune blistering skin disease with significant mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are endogenous noncoding RNA molecules, have been reported to be potential biomarkers for some autoimmune diseases; however, to date, there exist no reports on serum expression profiles of miRNAs in BP patients. Methods. A RNA quantitative PCR- (qPCR-) based array was conducted on sera from 20 active BP patients and 20 healthy controls for screening of miRNAs. Significantly dysregulated miRNAs were validated with use of qPCR as performed on sera samples of 45 active BP patients and 60 healthy controls. Serum CCL17, anti-BP180, and anti-BP230 levels were measured with use of ELISA. Results. Relative baseline expression levels of serum miR-1291 were significantly upregulated in the 45 BP patients as compared with the 60 healthy controls (P<0.001) and significantly decreased in the disease control stage (n=13, P=0.006). In addition, these baseline miR-1291 levels showed a significant positive correlation with the baseline levels of serum CCL17 (P<0.001) and anti-BP180 (n=38, P=0.024). Like that observed for miR-1291, baseline levels of serum CCL17 were also significantly elevated in the 45 BP patients compared with the 60 healthy controls (P<0.001) and significantly decreased in the disease control stage (n=13, P=0.002). However, for anti-BP180, baseline serum levels were significantly elevated in only 38 of the 45 BP patients and significantly decreased in the disease control stage (n=10, P=0.004). Conclusions. Relative expression levels of serum miR-1291 can reflect disease activity of BP. miR-1291 may function as an important new serum biomarker for BP.
Closed-loop speed control of switched reluctance motor drive fed from novel converter with reduced number of switches
Authors: Kolluru Ashok Kumar , Kumar Malligunta Kiran
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a novel converter configuration with fewer for switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. The proposed novel converter insists for less number of switches compared to conventional asymmetrical type of converter configuration for switched reluctance motor. Switch count reduction in converter reduces the losses, volume of heat sink, and number of gate drive circuits and thereby the performance of the system. Closed loop speed control of switched reluctance motor fed from proposed novel converter topology was presented in this paper. Performance of closed loop operation is compared to open loop system. Further the proposed converter for SRMT is evaluated with loaded condition and comparative analysis of no-load and loaded SRM is presented. The model presented is developed and the results are analyzed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Closed loop performance of proposed novel converter fed switched reluctance motor drive is verified at fixed speed and variable speed conditions.
Elimination of interharmonic currents by a FAP using the technique of compensation global
Authors: Moussa Mohamed Ali , Belmadani Bachir , Belarbi Ahmed Wahid , Taleb Rachid
Published: January 2020

This document is a contribution to improve the quality of electrical energy in the distribution network.
In this article we will present a method that allows us to clean up in a very considerable way the electrical network of both harmonics and inter harmonics provoked, basically by the ultrafast switches used when controlling a PWM inverter supplying a three-phase asynchronous motor. We notice that this method can be generalized for other loads creating inter-harmonics.
This proposed method was simulated using the MATLAB/SIMULINK software and had given remarkable results (there is a considerable reduction in total harmonic distortion (THD) of source current from 29.52% to 0.82%)
Reduction of transients in switches using embedded machine learning
Authors: Suresh P. , Fernandez S. George , Vidyasagar S. , Kalyanasundaram V. , Vijayakumar K. , Archana Vaidheeswaran , Chatterjee Soham
Published: January 2020

Non-linear loads can cause transients in electronic switches. They also result in a fluctuating output when the device is switched ON or OFF. These transients can harm not only the switches but also the devices that they are connected to, by passing excess currents or voltages to the devices. By applying machine learning, we can improve the gate drive voltages of the switches and thereby reduce switch transients. A feedback system is built that measures the output transients and then feeds it to a neural network algorithm that then gives a proper gate drive to the device. This will reduce transients and also improve performances of switch based devices like inverters and converters.
Design of fractional order controllers using constrained optimization and reference tracking method
Authors: Patil Manoj D , Vadirajacharya K. , Khubalkar Swapnil
Published: January 2020

In recent times, fractional order controllers are gaining more interest. There are several fractional order controllers are available in literature. Still, tuning of these controllers is one of the main issues which the control community is facing. In this paper, online tuning of five dierent fractional order controllers is discussed viz. tilted proportional-integral-derivative (T-PID) controller, fractional order proportional-integral (FO-PI) controller, fractional order proportional-derivative (FO-PD) controller, fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FO-PID) controller. A reference tracking method is proposed for tuning of fractional order controllers. First order with dead time (FOWDT) system is used to check feasibility of the control strategy.
Interpretation of sweep frequency response analysis traces on inter-turn short circuit fault
Authors: Yasid Nurul Farahwahida Md , Alawady A. A. , Yousof M. F. M. , Al-Ameri S. , Kamarudin M. S.
Published: January 2020

Sweep frequency response analysis (SFRA) is a reliable method for detection and diagnosis of faults in the active part of transformers. However, although SFRA is widely employed, the interpretation of SFRA signature is still a challenge and require experts to analyse them. This is due to lack of guideline and standard for SFRA signature interpretation and clarification. This paper presents the interpretation of SFRA signature by classification and quantification on inter-turn short circuit fault on the transformer winding. The short-circuited turns fault on HV winding phase “A” was practically simulated on three different units of three-phase transformers. The results of simulated fault are presented and discussed. A conclusion was drawn which provides the interpretation of the SFRA response due to inter-turn short circuit fault case by using a statistical indicator which is NCEPRI algorithm.
Accurate battery model parameter identification using heuristic optimization
Authors: Jusoh Mohd Afifi , Daud Muhamad Zalani
Published: January 2020

This paper presents an accurate Lithium-ion battery model representation in Matlab/Simulink. The Tremblay's battery model was used as a BES model platform, where the determination of the model parameters was obtained based on heuristic optimization approach. This approach is simple but more accurate compared to the conventional method. In the classical method, it requires the user to manually select the battery model parameters from relevant points on the manufacturer discharge curves. However, this way of battery parameters extraction normally exposed to the human error and would easily result in an inaccurate selection of battery parameters for the BES simulation studies. Therefore, an easy and accurate approach using heuristic optimization for determining battery model parameters was introduced. The simulation studies utilized three different optimization algorithms for comparison purposes, i.e. 1) Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), 2) Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), and 3) Genetic Algorithm (GA). The performance of BES model discharge accuracy with respect to the test data from three different algorithms was compared and the results showed that the GA approach gives the best results in terms of accuracy and execution time. Finally, the validated results of GA-optimized battery model showed the accuracy of 98% compared to the conventional approach.
Frequency response analysis for transformer tap changer damage detection
Authors: Al-Ameri S. , Alawady A. A. , Yousof M. F. M. , Ahmad H. , Salem Ali. A. , Talib M. A.
Published: January 2020

Frequency response analysis (FRA) method has been proven to detect the transformer winding damage. However, there is no practical study which investigates the damages on transformer tap changer even though it has a high failure rate. Hence, this paper investigates normal and faulty transformer tap changer using FRA. The FRA measurements conducted using four different test configurations. Also, normal tap changer, pitting and coking tap changer contact were investigated. In addition to FRA measurement, winding resistance measurement has been conducted. The transformer turn ratio measurement also conducted to identify the taps positions. This study results significant to understand the effect of pitting and coking tap changer on the transformer frequency response. The results showed that pitting has a slight influence on the frequency response. However, coking shows a huge variation in low-frequency response. This effect observed during the winding resistance measurement.
Independent high voltage DC source development for renewable-grid integration interface
Authors: Hassan Omar Abu , Zulkifli Shamsul Aizam , Zainal Mohd Shamian , Radzi Ahmad Alabqari Ma' , Ahmad Muhammad Shukri , Ibrahim Tengku Nadzlin Tengku
Published: January 2020

Recent advancement in renewable-grid integration research, due to the concern on the environmental impact, leads to extensive study in isolated power converter as their interface. As part of isolation capability in power converter interface, extensive study of magnetic component has been carried out, especially on the design, construction and optimisation to achieve optimal operation. One of the main issue in verifying the analytical power loss model is to have independent HVDC link power source for an experimental validation work. This paper focus on the design and construction of DC link source, to be use in the experimental rig setup. Several DC link source option has been evaluated, and TDK-lambda PF500-360A power supply was selected due to the availability and excellent energy efficiency offered, at better price. External circuit is designed and implemented to achieve desired voltage and current supply characteristic. At the end, the voltage and current of the DC link supply for Dual H-bridges is obtained and shown promising result for experimental rig measurement and data collection work.
Flight cost calculation for unmanned air vehicle based on path length and heading angle change
Authors: Debnath Sanjoy Kumar , Omar Rosli , Ibrahim B.S.S.K. , Bagchi Susama , Nadira Elia , Amin Faisal , Muhammad Bashir Bala
Published: January 2020

This paper proposes a method to calculate a flight cost of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) considering its change of heading angle though there are many reasons that cause the energy consumption. The proposed approach demonstrates that when a UAV moves from a starting position/point to a target/goal position/point, if the number of obstacle increases, the number of heading change would also increase. As a result, it raises the energy consumption of the UAV. It also shows that the magnitude of heading change would affect the energy consumption proportionally. The theoretical analysis as well as the simulation outcome proves the usefulness of the proposed technique. 
The effect of short circuit fault in three-phase core-typed transformer
Authors: Yasid N. F. M. , Alawady A. A. , Yousof M. F. M. , Talib M. A. , Kamarudin M. S.
Published: January 2020

Different techniques for monitoring the transformer condition are continuously discussed. This is due to the fact that transformers are one of the most expensive components in the power system network. Not to mention the cost to fix any failure occurred in the transformer that have becoming more expensive nowadays. Frequency response analysis (FRA) is found to be the best method to monitor the transformer reliability. This paper presents a continuation of study presented in previous paper [1]. The study performed a laboratory test to show that the response of a normal winding phase A can be affected by short circuit fault which occurred at LV winding phase a, b, and c. To further investigate, current paper performed FRA measurement and applied fault on all phases. The same procedure is repeated on a distribution transformer to verify the findings. This is to examine the effect of fault at winding of other phases to the response of measured phase.
Homestay save rent method through consumer self-management of electricity power consumption
Authors: Hanafi Dirman , Kamaruddin Kamal Khairi , Rahman Hisyam Abdul , Gunardi Yudhi
Published: January 2020

The rapid growth in the number of homestays and hotels, competition has increased among them. Homestay that is a relatively newcomer in this business should find the way to become competitive. One way is to make rental fees more affordable. In this paper a method to reduce the homestay rental fees are proposed. This is done by separating the component of the electricity cost from the whole rental fees. Then it requires the consumer to pay their own electricity used and also gives opportunity to them to manage their own electricity used how much they need. This mechanism is implemented by equipping the homestay with the coin kilowatt hour (ckWh) meter. The consumer can plan how much they will use the power since they stay by inserting the certain amount of coin into the ckWh meter. After insert the coin the electricity sources will on and ready to use. The main components of this ckWh meter consist of the Arduino Uno microcontroller as a brain of the device, the coin acceptor where the coin will insert, and kilowatt hour meter. Besides that, it also equipped with liquid-crystal display (LCD) to show the amount of money currently available. The experimental test shows that the device develop work well and can control the used of the electricity related to the amount money that has been inserted.
Dual axis solar tracker with IoT monitoring system using arduino
Authors: Jumaat Siti Amely , Said Mohamad Nur Aiman Mohd , Jawa Clarence Rimong Anak
Published: January 2020

This project aims to develop dual axis solar tracker with IOT monitoring system using Arduino. Generally, solar energy is the technology to get useful energy from sunlight. Solar energy has been used in many traditional technologies over the centuries and has been widely used in the absence of other energy supplies. Its usefulness is widespread when awareness of the cost of the environment and the supply is limited by other energy sources such as fuel. The solar tracking system is the most effective technology to improve the efficiency of solar panels by tracking and following the sun's movement. With the help of this system, solar panels can improve the way of sunlight detection so that more electricity can be collected as solar panels can maintain a sunny position. Thus the project discusses the development of two-axis solar-tracking developers using Arduino Uno as main controller the system. For develops this project, four light-dependent resistors (LDRs) have been used for sunlight detection and a maximum light intensity. Two servo motors have been used to rotate the solar panel according to the sun's light source detected by the LDR. Next a WIFI ESP8266 device is used as an intermediary between device and IOT monitoring system. The IOT monitoring system is a website that functions to store data. The efficiency of this system has been tested and compared with a single axial solar tracker. As a result, the two-axis solar tracking system generates more power, voltage and current.
Review of multiport isolated bidirectional converter interfacing renewable and energy storage system
Authors: Subramanian Arulmozhi , KR Santha
Published: January 2020

Multi port converters increasingly gain prominance in the recent past to interface renewable energy sources like photovoltaic cells, fuel cells with the load. Energy storage elements like battery and supercapacitors nd major place as an additional and alternate sources in systems with primary renewable energy sources to overcome its intermittency issues. As these energy storage element's charging and discharging cycles are to be controlled, an isolated bidirectional converter topology with transformer is used. The galvanic isolation provided by the high frequency ac link transformers in partly isolated and fully isolated topologies makes these converters most preferrable in high power applications like electric vehicles. A comprehensive review is performed on various three port partly isolated and fully isolated topologies addressed by dierent research groups. The key contributions on soft switching for reducing switching losses and improving overall converter efficiency with help of resonant elements are discussed. In addition, control strategies for power ow control with enhanced soft switching of partly isolated converters are highlighted. A summary of converter topologies is provided comparing power rating, device count, soft switching resonant elements and efficiency which gives an idea for selection of suitable topology for the desired system requirement.
Design and operation of closed-loop triple-deck buck-boost converter with high gain soft switching
Authors: Narasimha S. , Salkuti Surender Reddy
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the design and operation of three-stage buck-boost converter with high gain soft switching using closed loop proportional integral (PI) controller. The proposed converter is designed by arranging three identical buck-boost converters working in parallel. The converter units are connected to each other by an inductor as a bridge. This inductor plays a vital role in soft switching operation of converter by maintaining the voltage applied to switches at zero voltage at switching intervals, i.e., the zero-voltage switching (ZVS). The closed-loop system is designed by PI controller, and it maintains the output constant irrespective of changes in input, and the system becomes stable. The proposed converter is efficient in reducing switching losses, leading to improved converter efficiency. Due to parallel operation of three identical converters, the output voltage and input current contain fewer ripples than those of a single converter with same specifications. Proposed converter is more economical and reliable with simpler structure as it utilizes only two inductors as extra elements. The design and analysis of proposed circuit has been carried out in MATLAB Simulink by operating the circuit in various modes.
Electricity market strategies applied to microgrid development
Authors: Cassiani Carlos Ulises , Candelo Becerra John Edwin , Hoyos Fredy Edimer
Published: January 2020

Over the last decade, the liberalization of the electricity market has been sought. In order to fight the environmental impact caused by the use of fossil fuels, it is aimed to change the current system of centralized generation and achieve a more distributed one; distributed resources can use renewable or non-renewable resources as main source of energy, one way to implement these distributed systems is through micro electrical grids, since these allow improving energy efficiency. The way to efficiently implement this type of network is an important point to be solved in future research and even more if the way of conducting an electricity market for different communities is unknown. That is why this text presents the characteristics of microgrids, the management of microgrids, and the wide and promising panorama of future opportunities for a great development of this type of grid.
Torque ripples improvement of direct torque controlled five-phase induction motor drive using backstepping control
Authors: Echeikh Hamdi , Trabelsi Ramzi , Kesraoui Hichem , Iqbal Atif , Mimouni Mohamed Faouzi
Published: January 2020

The paper proposes Direct Torque Control (DTC) of a five-phase induction motor drive with reduced torque ripple. The method presented here is the DTC Backstepping based on the classic DTC working with a constant switching frequency of the inverter. Another remarkable aspect is the complexity of the method proposed, both in the control unit of the inverter and in the number of correctors necessary for the control of the torque. The selection table and hysteresis have been eliminated. This method significantly improves the torque and flux oscillations and improves the dynamics of the drive by making it less sensitive to load torque disturbances. The proposed method is developed and designed using Matlab/SIMULINK to show the eectiveness and performances of the DTC-Backstepping.
An Optimal Design of CMOS Two Stage Comparator Circuit using Swarm Intelligence Technique
Authors: Sasikumar Sasikumar , Muthaiah Muthaiah
Published: January 2020

A swarm intelligent based optimization technique named as Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is applied for the design of the CMOS two stage comparator circuit. The basic idea of FPA mimics the flower pollination process of flowering plants. The input control parameters of FPA improve the exploration and exploitation capabilities of optimization problem. This paper presents the design of a CMOS two-stage comparator circuit using simulation based model called swarm intelligence technique. Simulation results shows that the proposed method is capable to determine the transistor sizes and bias current values of the CMOS comparator. The results obtained from the FPA improved the design performance of comparator in terms of power consumption, MOS transistor area and gain. To investigate the efficiency of proposed approach, comparisons have been carried out with differential evolution (DE) and harmony search (HS) algorithm based circuit design. The performances of FPA based comparator design are better than the previously reported works
Design and Implementation of LCG-Trivium Key Stream Generator into FPGA
Authors: Tchendjeu A. E Tchahou , Robert Tchitnga , Hilaire B Fotsin
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the Design and implementation into Field ProgrammableGate Array (FPGA) of a combine stream cipher and a simple linear congruential generator circuit to produce key stream. The LCG circuit is used to produce initialization vector (IV) each 264 clock cycle to the cipher trivium in other to strengthen the complexity of the cipher to known attacks on trivium. The LCGTrivium is designed to generate 2144 bits of keystream from an 80-bits secret and a variable 80-bits initial value. To implement the LCG-Trivium on FPGA, we use VHDL to build a simple LCG and Trivium and a state machine to synchronize the functioning of the LCG and Trivium. The number of gates, memory and speed requirement on FPGA is giving after analysis. The design is simulated, synthesized and implemented in Quartus II 10.1, ModelSim-Altera 6.5 and Cyclone IV E EP4CE115F29C7N.
Neuronal Logic gates Realization using CSD algorithm
Authors: Mukkara Lakshmi kiran , Ramanaiah K.Venkata
Published: January 2020

Any digital circuit is made with fundamental building blocks i.e. logic gates. Artificial neural networks (ANN) became an emerging area in various applications such as prediction problems, pattern recognition, and robotics & system identification due to its processing capabilities with parallel architecture. Realization of Boolean logic with neural networks is referred as neuronal logic. ANN computes faster as it requires of low and simple precision computations. Also, it requires economic and low precision hardware. Neural network contains more number of addition and multiplication processes. It is known that CSD algorithm computes faster than conventional or standard multipliers. In this paper, VLSI implementation of neuronal half adder with CSD algorithm is proposed and implemented in FPGA. The results are compared with that of conventional and vedic multiplier. It is observed that CSD algorithm provides lowest delay and low power consumption in comparison with vedic algorithm and conventional method but at the expense of minimum area.
Switching pulse generation for DC-DC boost converter using Xilinx-ISE with FPGA processor
Authors: Palanisamy R. , Vijayakumar K.
Published: January 2020

This paper explains steps to generate switching pulse using Xilinx-ISE with FPGA processor for DC-DC boost converter. The switching pulse generated using Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) with Xilinx-ISE. VHDL is a programming language, which is used to model and design any complex circuits in a dynamic environment. This paper gives the course of action for generation of switching pulses for dc-dc boost converter using Xilinx-ISE and matlab simulink. The switching pulse generated using Xilinx-ISE with FPGA-Spartan 6 processor compared with switching pulse generated using matlab.
A compact graphene based nano-antenna for communication in nano-network
Authors: Saravanan M. , Prakash V.R.
Published: January 2020

Due to recent advances in nanotechnology, the use of nano-devices and its
network becomes more popular in the field of medical, commercial and
military applications. One of the major issues in designing nano-network is
miniaturization of nano-devices which are limited due to communication
antenna used in that device and its power constraints. At 1000nm size, an
antenna resonates at around 100 THz which suffers from greater propagation
loss and provides signal coverage of micrometer distances. Hence there is a
need for nano-antenna with reduced size and also operating at mid infrared
frequencies to provide a good signal coverage. In this paper, graphene-based
nano-antenna is presented. The model resonates at 55THz frequency with a
peak gain of 5.47 dB in the propagation direction. The model exploits the
principle of surface plasma polarition waves for miniaturization and achieves
50% size reduction when compared to conventional nano-antenna and best
suitable for nano-network communications.
Application of Optimal Artificial Intelligence Based Tuned Controllers to a Class of Embedded Nonlinear Power System
Authors: A. S. Aboelela Magdy
Published: January 2020

This paper studies the implementation of the Bat Inspired Algorithm (BIA)
as an optimization technique to find the optimal parameters of two classes of controllers. The first is the classical Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID). The second is the hybrid fractional order and Brain Emotional Intelligent controller. The two controllers have been implemented, separately, for the load frequency control of a single area electric power system with three physical imbedded nonlinearities. The first nonlinearity represents the generation’s rate constraint (GRC). The second is owing to the governor dead band (GDB). The last is due to the time delay imposed by the governor-turbine link, the thermodynamic process, and the communication channels. These nonlinearities have been embedded in the simulation model of the system under study. Matlab/Simulink software has been applied to obtain the results of applying the two classes of controllers which have been, optimally, tuned using the BIA. The Integral of Square Error (ISE) criterion has been selected as an element of the objective function along with the percentage overshoot and settling time for the optimum tuning technique of the two controllers. The simulation results show that when using the hybrid fractional order and Brain Emotional Intelligent controller, it gives better response and performance indices than the conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers.
Demonstration of the Anatomical Tachycardia Circuit in Sinoatrial Node Reentrant Tachycardia: Analysis Using the Entrainment Method
Authors: Yamabe Hiroshige , Orita Yoshiya
Published: January 2020

Background

The anatomical tachycardia circuit of sinoatrial node reentrant tachycardia (
SANRT
) has not been well clarified. This study aimed to elucidate the tachycardia circuit of
SANRT
.

Methods and Results

Exit and entrance of the intranodal sinoatrial node conduction (I‐
SANC
) of the reentry circuit were identified in 15
SANRT
patients. After identifying the earliest atrial activation site (
EAAS
) during the tachycardia (
EAAS
‐
SANRT
), rapid atrial pacing was delivered from multiple atrial sites to identify the entrainment pacing site where manifest entrainment and orthodromic capture of the
EAAS
‐
SANRT
were demonstrated. Radiofrequency energy was then delivered starting at a site 2 cm proximal to the
EAAS
‐
SANRT
in the direction of the entrainment pacing site and gradually advanced toward the
EAAS
‐
SANRT
until tachycardia termination to localize the I‐
SANC
entrance. The
EAAS
‐
SANRT
was orthodromically captured by pacing delivered from the distal coronary sinus (n=7), high posteroseptal right atrium (n=2), low posteroseptal right atrium (n=2), low anterolateral right atrium (n=2), or coronary sinus ostium (n=2). Radiofrequency energy delivery to the entrance of the I‐
SANC
, 10.4±2.8 mm away from the
EAAS
‐
SANRT
, terminated tachycardia immediately after onset of energy delivery (3.4±2.3 seconds). The successful ablation site was located further from the
EAAS
during sinus rhythm (
EAAS
‐sinus) than the
EAAS
‐
SANRT
(12.8±4.5 versus 7.2±3.1 mm;
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions

The reentry circuit of
SANRT
was composed of the entrance and exit of the I‐
SANC
being located at distinctly different anatomical sites.
SANRT
was eliminated by radiofrequency energy delivered to the I‐
SANC
entrance, which was further from the
EAAS
‐sinus than I‐
SANC
exit.
A Formal Investigation of Q-Theory in Comparison to Autosegmental Representations
Authors: Jardine Adam , Danis Nick , Iacoponi Luca
Published: January 2020

We use model theory to rigorously evaluate Q-Theory as proposed in Shih and Inkelas 2019 as an alternative to Autosegmental Phonology. We find that Q-Theory is remarkably similar to Autosegmental Phonology, contra some of Shih and Inkelas’s claims. In particular, Q-Theory does not eschew the association relation, in Q-Theory the tone-bearing unit is the vowel, and Q-Theory and Autosegmental Phonology are equivalent in terms of the constraints they can express. However, this formal analysis clarifies the truly novel contribution of Q-Theory, which is the empirical claim that all segments are tripartite.
Advances in Machine Learning for the Behavioral Sciences
Authors: Kliegr Tomáš , Bahník Štěpán , Fürnkranz Johannes
Published: January 2020

The areas of machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases have considerably matured in recent years. In this article, we briefly review recent developments as well as classical algorithms that stood the test of time. Our goal is to provide a general introduction into different tasks such as learning from tabular data, behavioral data, or textual data, with a particular focus on actual and potential applications in behavioral sciences. The supplemental appendix to the article also provides practical guidance for using the methods by pointing the reader to proven software implementations. The focus is on R, but we also cover some libraries in other programming languages as well as systems with easy-to-use graphical interfaces.
Fault estimation for a class of nonlinear time-variant systems through a Krein space–based approach
Authors: Zhang Qin , Li Yueyang , Li Yibin , Chai Hui
Published: January 2020

This paper studies the [Formula: see text] fault estimation problem for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems subject to time-variant coefficient matrices, online available input, and exogenous disturbances. By assuming that the concerned nonlinearity is continuously differentiable and by using Taylor series expansions, the dynamic system is transferred as a linear time-variant system with modeling uncertainties. A non-conservative but nominal system and its corresponding [Formula: see text] indefinite quadratic performance function are, respectively, given in place of the transferred uncertain system and the conventional performance metric, such that the estimation problem is converted as a two-stage optimization issue. By introducing an auxiliary model in Krein space, the so-called orthogonal projection technique is utilized to search an appropriate choice serving as the estimation of the fault signal. A necessary and sufficient condition on the existence of the fault estimator is given, and a recursive algorithm for computing the gain matrix of the estimator is proposed. The addressed method is applied to an indoor robot localization system to show its effectiveness.
Nesting material enrichment reduces severity of overgrooming-related self-injury in individually housed rats
Authors: Khoo Shaun Y-S , Correia Vanessa , Uhrig Alexandra
Published: January 2020

Individual or singly-housing laboratory rats is common in many animal facilities, but has an adverse impact on the welfare of this social species. It has previously been shown that a small proportion of individually housed mice (∼5%) engage in pathological overgrooming behaviour, but this has not been assessed in rats. We performed an observational study to determine the prevalence of overgrooming-related self-injury and whether providing nesting material enrichment throughout an animal’s life would affect the prevalence or severity of overgrooming-related self-injury. Due to protocol differences between projects in our behavioural neuroscience lab, unenriched rats received a nylabone and a shelter ( n = 167), while baseline-enriched rats received a nylabone, shelter and shredded paper nesting material throughout experiments ( n = 238). Unenriched rats received nesting material enrichment after the onset of overgrooming-related self-injury. Over 18 months, rats were monitored by their experimenters on a daily basis (5–7 days/week over 2–3 months/project) and any cases of overgrooming-related self-injury were recorded. Replicating the findings of previous studies in mice, we observed 20 cases of overgrooming-related self-injury (∼5%) with no difference in prevalence between rats on the basis of supplier, cage position, experimental procedure (behavioural only or involving surgical procedures), reinforcer (ethanol or sugar) or level of baseline-enrichment. While there was no difference in onset severity between rats that were unenriched at baseline and baseline-enriched rats, baseline-enriched rats had lower self-injury severity scores at one-, two- and four-week follow-ups. These results suggest that nesting material enrichment provided throughout an animal’s life may reduce overgrooming-related self-injury.
Foreign (a) in North American English: Variation and Change in Loan Phonology
Authors: Boberg Charles
Published: January 2020

Previous research has shown that Canadian English displays a unique pattern of nativizing the stressed vowel of foreign words spelled with the letter , like lava, pasta, and spa, known as foreign (a), with more use of /æ/ (the trap vowel) and less use of /ah/ (the palm vowel) than American English. This paper analyzes one hundred examples of foreign (a), produced by sixty-one Canadian and thirty-one American English-speakers, in order to shed more light on this pattern and its current development. Acoustic analysis is used to determine whether each participant assigns each vowel to English /æ/, /ah/, or an intermediate category between /æ/ and /ah/. It reports that the Canadian pattern, though still distinct, is converging with the American pattern, in that Canadians now use slightly more /ah/ than /æ/; that men appear to lead this change but this is because they participate less than women do in the Short Front (Canadian) Vowel Shift; that intermediate vowel assignments are comparatively rare, suggesting that a new low-central vowel phoneme is not emerging; that the Canadian tendency toward American pronunciation is not well aligned with overt attitudes toward the United States and American English; and that the national differences in foreign (a) assignment result not from structural, phonological differences between the dialects so much as from a complex set of sociocultural factors.
Aggression, Conflict, and the Formation of Intimidating Group Reputation
Authors: Szekely Aron , Andrighetto Giulia , Payette Nicolas , Tummolini Luca
Published: January 2020

From inmates in prison gangs to soldiers in elite units, the intimidating reputation of groups often precedes its members. While individual reputation is known to affect people’s aggressiveness, whether one’s group reputation can similarly influence behavior in conflict situations is yet to be established. Using an economic game experiment, we isolate the effect of group reputation on aggression and conflict from that of individual reputation. We find that group reputation can increase the willingness to inflict costs on others but only when individuals are able to punish their fellow members. Even if internal discipline can sustain their shared reputation, more intimidating groups provide fewer benefits to their members in the short run. Using an agent-based simulation, we show that this might not be the case in the long run. Our findings yield insights into the effects of group reputation on aggression, conflict, and possible consequences for group survival.