bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Rainfall Movement on Flash Flood Response: A Synthetic Study of a Semi-Arid Mountainous Catchment
Authors: Khosh Bin Ghomash Shahin , Bachmann Daniel , Caviedes-Voullième Daniel , Hinz Christoph
Published: June 2022

Rainfall is a spatiotemporally varied process and key to accurately capturing catchment runoff and determining flood response. Flash flood response of a catchment can be strongly governed by a rainfall’s spatiotemporal variability and is influenced by storm movement which drives a continuous spatiotemporal change throughout a rainfall event. In this work, the sensitivity of runoff and flooded areas to rainfall movement are assessed in the Kan catchment (Iran). The allochthonous nature of floods in the catchment and how they interact with the effects of rainfall movement are investigated. Fifty synthetic rain hyetographs are generated and traversed over the catchment under different velocities and directions and used to force a 1D/2D hydrodynamic model. The results suggest rainfall movement affects the runoff response in different degrees. Peak discharge, hydrograph shapes and flooded areas are affected. Storms with higher velocities result in higher peaks and faster onsets of runoff and consequently higher flooded areas in comparison to slower storms. The direction of the movement also plays a role. Storms moving along the average direction of the stream result in higher peaks and flooded areas. The relevance of storm direction is greater for slow moving storms. Additionally, the influence of rainfall movement is modulated by hyetograph structure, and the allochthonous behavior is greatly dependent on the location within the drainage network at which it is assessed.
Water Value Integrated Approach: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: de Paula Jean , Marques Rui
Published: June 2022

Extreme water incidents point out a value conflict surrounding the resource. While drought and floods echo the inadequate land and resource uses, the increase in social inequalities exposes the practical, physiological, and social consequences. The multiple value action throughout the water cycle also narrowed disputes to those that neglect its vital importance, and the constraints imposed to the services, such as low tariffs, and lack of local engagement, make sustainable water systems more difficult. This article develops a systematic literature review to understand the academic motivations surrounding water value and gaps in its systematic approach. A sample with 84 papers is created by an interactive keyword selection and its general characteristics are presented. A dynamic reading technique extracts data and classifies the papers according to 14 research motivations, where the water multifunctionality and the user value stand out. The bibliographic coupling analysis identifies a cluster of 16 papers related to integration and connected to planning, decision, and management. There is a lack of contribution with a systemic approach to water resources by way of integrating actors and values, such as including local contexts.
Dynamic Adsorption of As(V) onto the Porous α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C Composite Prepared with Bamboo Bio-Template
Authors: Peng Yuqing , Li Yanhong , Tang Shen , Zhang Lihao , Zhang Jing , Zhao Yao , Zhang Xuehong , Zhu Yinian
Published: June 2022

Arsenic (As(V)), a highly toxic metalloid, is known to contaminate wastewater and groundwater and is difficult to degrade in nature. However, the development of highly efficient adsorbents, at a low cost for use in practical applications, remains highly challenging. Thus, to investigate the As(V) adsorption mechanism, a novel porous α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C composite (PC-Fe/C-B) was prepared, using bamboo side shoots as a bio-template, and the breakthrough performance of the PC-Fe/C-B composite-packed fixed-bed column in As(V) removal was evaluated, using simulated wastewater. The PC-Fe/C-B material accurately retained the hierarchical porous microstructure of the bamboo bio-templates, and the results demonstrated the great potential of PC-Fe/C-B composite, as an effective adsorbent for removing As(V) from wastewater, under the optimal experimental conditions of: influent flow 5.136 mL/min, pH 3, As(V) concentration 20 mg/L, adsorbent particle size < 0.149 mm, adsorption temperature 35 °C, PC-Fe/C-B dose 0.5 g, and breakthrough time 50 min (184 BV), with qe,exp of 21.0 mg/g in the fixed-bed-column system. The CD-MUSIC model was effectively coupled with the transport model, using PHREEQC software, to simulate the reactive transportation of As(V) in the fixed-bed column and to predict the breakthrough curve for column adsorption.
Ontogenetic Transfer of Microplastics in Bloodsucking Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) Is a Potential Pathway for Particle Distribution in the Environment
Authors: Simakova Anastasia , Varenitsina Anna , Babkina Irina , Andreeva Yulia , Bagirov Ruslan , Yartsev Vadim , Frank Yulia
Published: June 2022

The uptake and accumulation of microplastics (MPs) by bloodsucking mosquitoes Aedes aegypti L., carriers of vector-borne diseases, were investigated in the laboratory. In the experimental group, polystyrene (PS) particles were registered in insects of all life stages from larvae to pupae and adults. Ae. aegypti larvae readily ingested MPs with food, accumulating on average 7.3 × 106 items per larva in three days. The content of PS microspheres significantly decreased in mosquitoes from the larval stage to the pupal stage and was passed to the adult stage from the pupal without significant loss. On average, 15.8 items were detected per pupa and 10.9 items per adult individual. The uptake of MPs by Ae. aegypti did not affect their survival, while the average body weight of mosquitoes of all life stages that consumed PS microspheres was higher than that of mosquitoes in the control groups. Our data confirmed that in insects with metamorphosis, MPs can pass from feeding larvae to nonfeeding pupae in aquatic ecosystems and, subsequently, to adults flying to land. Bloodsucking mosquitoes can participate in MP circulation in the environment.
Spatio-Temporal Matching and Nexus of Water–Energy–Food in the Yellow River Basin over the Last Two Decades
Authors: Wang Jie , Bao Zhenxin , Zhang Jianyun , Wang Guoqing , Liu Cuishan , Wu Houfa , Yang Yanqing
Published: June 2022

There is an important practical significance to understanding and evaluating the nexus of water, energy, and food (WEF) for ensuring regional security. The Yellow River Basin is a typical area displaying the contradiction between water, energy, and food development caused by the difference in resource distribution and production attributes. The nexus of the WEF system in the Yellow River Basin is systematically and innovatively studied from different perspectives. The aim of the research is to analyze the distribution and transfer direction of single resource elements, the matching and evolution of two kinds of resources linked by water resources, and finally the nexus based on Copula function. The results show that water resources, farmland, and energy production are concentrated in different areas, while the center of gravity shifted to the northwest, northeast, and west of the basin, respectively. For the resource balance of energy production and available industrial water resources, the matching degree has become worse in recent years. For the resource balance of farmland areas and available agricultural water resources, the matching degree in the most source area and middle reaches has improved, but the gap among different sub-regions has widened slightly. It is proven that the three-dimensional t Copula is well characterized by the nexus of the WEF system in the Yellow River Basin. The joint not exceeding the probability of the WEF (W ≤ 7.08 × 1010 m3, E ≤ 6.24 × 108 TCE, F ≤ 4.23 × 107 t) is about 0.3–0.4. The WEF system in the Yellow River Basin (Gn = 0.728 and 0.688) may still have certain security risks in the future compared with other regions in the world, which needs to be regulated by more reasonable policies. This study can provide a theoretical basis for ensuring regional water, energy, and food security.
Impacts of Gauge Data Bias on the Performance Evaluation of Satellite-Based Precipitation Products in the Arid Region of Northwestern China
Authors: Xie Wenhao , Yi Shanzhen , Leng Chuang
Published: June 2022

It has been reported that systematic bias exists in gauge measurements, which are usually used as the evaluation benchmark, so it is crucial to investigate the impacts of gauge data bias on the evaluation of satellite precipitation products. Six satellite precipitation products (IMERG, CMORPH, GSMaP, PERSIANN, PERSIANN−CCS, and PDIR−Now) and gauge data are collected from 2003 to 2015 in the arid region of Northwestern China. A daily correction for precipitation biases from wind-induced undercatch, wetting loss, and trace error is made for gauge measurements. The changes in metrics, including four continuous and four categorical metrics, are calculated to illustrate how the gauge data bias impacts the evaluation of six satellite precipitation products. The results show the following: The overall performances of six satellite precipitation products are undervalued by the gauge bias. Compared to other satellite products, the performance of IMERG is the best, whether before or after bias correction. However, the performances of all six satellite products are still not good enough even after bias correction and need to be improved. The impacts of gauge bias on the evaluation of the satellite precipitation products also differ by subregion, season, satellite precipitation product, precipitation intensity, and precipitation phase. In conclusion, the impacts of the gauge bias on the performance assessment of satellite products are obvious over the study region, implying that bias correction for gauge measurements is needed to obtain an accurate understanding of the performance of satellite precipitation products if choosing the gauge data as the evaluation benchmark.
Enhanced Methylene Blue Adsorption by Cu-BTC Metal-Organic Frameworks with Engineered Particle Size Using Surfactant Modulators
Authors: Wang Shanli , Zhang Lu , Zhang Mingyan , Xu Licong , Hu Qian , Yang Tao , Tu Kaili , Wu Minghua , Yu Deyou
Published: June 2022

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring porous structures and large specific surface areas have shown great potential in removing organic pollutants from wastewater via adsorption processes. Although the particle size of MOFs determines the adsorption performance (something known as the size-dependent effect), engineering it into desirable dimensions for enhancing the adsorption performance is a great challenge. Here, we develop a practical and facile approach to regulate the particle size of copper benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (Cu-BTC) adsorbents with high tunability by screening the functional modulator of various surfactants adding in hydrothermal synthesis procedure. The effect of surfactant type and concentration on the particle size of Cu-BTC was systematically investigated. The results show that the nonionic surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) demonstrated the greatest ability to control the particle size of Cu-BTC among other counterparts (e.g., N, N, N-trimethyl-1-dodecanaminium bromide (DTAB), polyethylene glycol (PEG1000), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)). By increasing the PVP concentration to 0.14 mmol L−1, the average particle size of Cu-BTC could be correspondingly reduced by more than ten times, reaching to a comparative smaller value of 2.4 μm as compared with the reported counterparts. In addition, the PVP allowed a large increase of the surface area of Cu-BTC according to porosity analysis, resulting in a great enhancement of methylene blue (MB) adsorption. The PVP-modulated Cu-BTC showed fast adsorption kinetics for MB removal accompanied with a maximum adsorption capacity of 169.2 mg g−1, which was considerably competitive with most of the analogs reported. Therefore, our study may inspire concepts for engineering the particle size of Cu-BTCs with improved properties for more practical applications.
An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Riverbank Filtration in a Sewage Plant Effluent-Impacted River Using a Full-Scale Horizontal Well
Authors: Noh Jin-Hyung , So Soo-Hyun , Park Ji-Won , Kim Sang-Yeob , Song Kyung-Guen , Choi Jaewon , Kim Gyoo-Bum , Son Heejong , Kim Heeyoung , Maeng Sung-Kyu
Published: June 2022

From 2014 to 2020, a full-scale horizontal well was operated to investigate the performance of full-scale riverbank filtration (RBF) in the Nakdong River in Korea, which is significantly impacted by the effluents from sewage treatment plants. In this study, an individual lateral full-scale horizontal collector well was investigated for the first time in Korea, and its performance was determined based on the turbidity and levels of iron, total nitrogen, dissolved organic matter, and four selected trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) (tebuconazole, hexaconazole, iprobenfos, and isoprothiolane) in the RBF and Nakdong River. The turbidity of the river was high with an average of 10.8 NTU, while that of the riverbank filtrate was 0.5 NTU or less on average. The average dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were 2.5 mg/L in the river water and 1.4 mg/L in the riverbank filtrate, which indicated a 44% reduction in DOC content during the RBF. Out of the 10 laterals, 8 laterals exhibited similar levels of iron, manganese, total nitrogen, DOC, and total hardness, electrical conductivity, and turbidity. The characteristics of the remaining two laterals were different. Because the groundwater inflow was relatively low (<10%), the laterals were contaminated by agricultural land use before the installation of the RBF. This is the first study to report changes in water quality according to individual laterals in a river affected by wastewater effluents. The filtration unit exhibited more than 90% removal rates for tebuconazole and hexaconazole. However, the removal rate for iprobenfos was approximately 77%, while that for isoprothiolane was 46%. The four selected TrOCs in this study were not detected in the groundwater. We found that some organic micropollutants were effectively removed by the RBF.
Intermittent Microaeration Technology to Enhance the Carbon Source Release of Particulate Organic Matter in Domestic Sewage
Authors: Zhu Lei , Li Yuguang , Liu Chong , Li Guibai
Published: June 2022

Domestic sewage treatment plants often have insufficient carbon sources in the influent water. To solve this problem, the commonly used technical means include an additional carbon source, primary sludge fermentation, and excess sludge fermentation, but these methods are uneconomical, unsustainable, and not applicable to small-scale wastewater treatment plants. Intermittent microaeration technology has the advantages of low energy-consumption, ease of application, and low cost, and can effectively promote anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge; however little research has been reported on its use to enhance the carbon sources release of particulate organic matter (POM) from domestic wastewater. Therefore, the effect of intermittent microaeration on the carbon source release of POM was evaluated in this study, with POM as the control test. The results showed that the release concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) was the highest on day 4 under microaerobic conditions, and the concentrations of SCOD, NH4+-N, and PO43−-P in the liquid phase were 1153, 137.1, and 13 mg/L, respectively. Compared with the control group, the SCOD concentration increased by 34.2%, and the NH4+-N and PO43−-P concentrations decreased by 18.65% and 17.09%, respectively. Intermittent microaeration can effectively promote the growth of Paludibacter, Actinomyces, and Trichococcus hydrolytic fermentation functional bacteria. Their relative abundances increased by 282.83%, 21.77%, and 23.47%, respectively, compared with the control group. It can simultaneously inhibit the growth of acetate-type methanogenic archaea, Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina, with a decrease in relative abundances of 16.81% and 6.63%, respectively. The aforementioned data show that intermittent microaeration can not only promote the hydrolysis of POM, but can also reduce the loss of acetic acid carbon source, which is a cost-effective technical way to enhance the release of a carbon source of particulate organic matter in domestic sewage.
A PIV-Based Algorithm for Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Velocity Fields from Stratified Crossflows in Single Field of View
Authors: Chuang Wei-Liang , Lin Sheng-Mei
Published: June 2022

This study presents a new imaging-based algorithm for simultaneously determining multiple velocity fields from stratified crossflows optically captured in a single field of view. The concept implements an additional automatic peak finding scheme into the conventional particle image velocimetry (PIV) analysis procedure, identifying multiple prominent peak cross-correlation coefficients corresponding to the flows in various directions. To examine the validity, synthetic particle images generated by computer visions and image data acquired by PIV measurements are employed in the validation study. With both root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) in magnitude and direction being found to be temporally random, the validation results suggest that the performance of the new algorithm is ideal for steady or quasi-steady flows. This implies that the new algorithm may also work well for the flows repeatable with identical initial and boundary conditions. For transient flows, more valuable data can be obtained with the new algorithm, particularly in large-scale experiments or field measurements. Moreover, tests on synthetic images show that the RMSE in magnitude decays exponentially with increasing tracking particle density, and a density of 30% is found to be the lowest for the minimum RMSE in magnitude. Discussions on the error reduction, limitations of the new algorithm, suggestions for applications, and guidance on spurious vector removal are given as well.
Development of a Revised Multi-Layer Perceptron Model for Dam Inflow Prediction
Authors: Choi Hyeon Seok , Kim Joong Hoon , Lee Eui Hoon , Yoon Sun-Kwon
Published: June 2022

It is necessary to predict dam inflow in advance for flood prevention and stable dam operations. Although predictive models using deep learning are increasingly studied, these existing studies have merely applied the models or adapted the model structure. In this study, data preprocessing and machine learning algorithms were improved to increase the accuracy of the predictive model. Data preprocessing was divided into two types: The learning method, which distinguishes between peak and off seasons, and the data normalization method. To search for a global solution, the model algorithm was improved by adding a random search algorithm to the gradient descent of the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) method. This revised model was applied to the Soyang Dam Basin in South Korea, and deep learning-based discharge prediction was performed using historical data from 2004 to 2021. Data preprocessing improved the accuracy by up to 61.5%, and the revised model improved the accuracy by up to 40.3%. With the improved algorithm, the accuracy of dam inflow predictions increased to 89.4%. Based on these results, stable dam operation is possible through more accurate inflow predictions.
Flood Management Issues in Hilly Regions of Uttarakhand (India) under Changing Climatic Conditions
Authors: Kansal Mitthan Lal , Singh Sachchidanand
Published: June 2022

Uttarakhand, an Indian Himalayan state in India, is famous for its natural environment, health rejuvenation, adventure, and a pilgrimage centre for various religions. It is categorised into two major regions, i.e., the Garhwal and the Kumaon, and geographically, the Bhabar and the Terai. Floods, cloudbursts, glacier lake outbursts, and landslides are the major natural hazards that cause the highest number of mortalities and property damage in this state. After becoming a full 27th state of India in 2000, the developmental activities have increased many folds, which has added to such calamities. This study briefly summarises the major incidents of flood damage, describes the fragile geology of this Himalayan state, and identifies the natural as well as the anthropogenic causes of the flood as a disaster. It also highlights the issue of climate change in the state and its adverse impact in the form of extreme precipitation. Besides these, it reviews the challenges involved in flood management and highlights the effective flood risk management plan that may be adopted to alleviate its adverse impacts.
Using a Grey Niche Model to Predict the Water Consumption in 31 Regions of China
Authors: Pan Xiaoying , Cai Kai , Wu Lifeng
Published: June 2022

Regional development brings significant changes in industrial structure and water consumption. Researching the trend in water consumption by changes in industrial structure can promote water conservation. The grey niche model describes the industrial changes in China and analyzes the water consumption of different leading industries. Using data from 2014 to 2019, and taking the economy as the influencing reason and the industrial niche as the weight, water consumption was predicted. The average percentage errors of the prediction results were all less than 0.1%. While improving the forecasting accuracy, the water consumption forecasting has been strengthened. The calculation results show that regional industry is undergoing transformation, and tertiary industry is rising in the national economy. The successful implementation of industrial water-saving measures has kept the water consumption of industrially developed cities stable but the rapid development of tertiary industries will increase water consumption. Incorporating changes in industrial structure into water use analysis allows the Chinese government to draft water conservation policies for various industries.
Arsenic Exposure via Contaminated Water and Food Sources
Authors: Khosravi-Darani Kianoush , Rehman Yasir , Katsoyiannis Ioannis , Kokkinos Evgenios , Zouboulis Anastasios
Published: June 2022

Arsenic poisoning constitutes a major threat to humans, causing various health problems. Almost everywhere across the world certain “hotspots” have been detected, putting in danger the local populations, due to the potential consumption of water or food contaminated with elevated concentrations of arsenic. According to the relevant studies, Asia shows the highest percentage of significantly contaminated sites, followed by North America, Europe, Africa, South America and Oceania. The presence of arsenic in ecosystems can originate from several natural or anthropogenic activities. Arsenic can be then gradually accumulated in different food sources, such as vegetables, rice and other crops, but also in seafood, etc., and in water sources (mainly in groundwater, but also to a lesser extent in surface water), potentially used as drinking-water supplies, provoking their contamination and therefore potential health problems to the consumers. This review reports the major areas worldwide that present elevated arsenic concentrations in food and water sources. Furthermore, it also discusses the sources of arsenic contamination at these sites, as well as selected treatment technologies, aiming to remove this pollutant mainly from the contaminated waters and thus the reduction and prevention of population towards arsenic exposure.
Environmental Risk Assessment of Silver Nanoparticles in Aquatic Ecosystems Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Ramirez Rosember , Martí Vicenç , Darbra Rosa Mari
Published: June 2022

The rapid development of nanotechnology has stimulated the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in various fields that leads to their presence in different ecosystem compartments, in particular aquatic ecosystems. Several studies have shown that a variety of living organisms are affected by AgNPs. Therefore, a methodology to assess the risk of AgNPs for aquatic ecosystems was developed. The methodology is based on fuzzy logic, a proven method for dealing with variables with an associated uncertainty, as is the case with many variables related to AgNPs. After a careful literature search, a selection of relevant variables was carried out and the fuzzy model was designed. From inputs such as AgNPs’ size, shape, and coating, it is possible to determine their level of toxicity which, together with their level of concentration, are sufficient to create a risk assessment. Two case studies to assess this methodology are presented, one involving continuous effluent from a wastewater treatment plant and the second involving an accidental spill. The results showed that the accidental spills have a higher risk than WWTP release, with the combination of Plates–BPEI being the most toxic one. This approach can be adapted to different situations and types of nanoparticles, making it highly useful for both stakeholders and decision makers.
Soil and Water Management Factors That Affect Plant Uptake of Pharmaceuticals: A Case Study
Authors: Mendoza-Grimon Vanessa , Fernandez-Vera Juan Ramón , Hernandez-Moreno Jose Manuel , Guedes-Alonso Rayco , Estévez Esmeralda , Palacios-Diaz Maria del Pino
Published: June 2022

Water and food security are of global concern. Improving knowledge on crops’ potential uptake of pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) is necessary to guarantee consumer health and improve the public’s perception of reclaimed water reuse. This study aimed to determine how water management (bottom-up applied for being supplied by Subsurface Drip Irrigation) and the plant rhizosphere effect on the uptake of PhCs. Five PhCs were mixed: atenolol, carbamazepine, dicoflenac, ibuprofen and valsartan. A total of 5 treatments were considered: 3 concentrations of PhCs in agricultural volcanic soil: 0.1, 10 and 100 µg·L−1; 0.1 µg·L−1 in sterilized soil; and a blank with three plant replications at 30, 45, and 60 days after emerging. The maximum quantity of the added PhCs was 100 µg·kg soil−1. A variant of the QuEChERS method was followed to extract PhCs from samples. The limits of quantification were between 10 ng·L−1 and 100 ng·L−1 in extracts. No PhCs over the limits of detection were detected (0.06–0.6 µg·kg−1 of dry plant sample). Hence, the described water reuse methodology poses a negligible consumer risk, which contrasts with hydroponic systems in which this risk has been shown. The results are discussed in terms of the effects of irrigation system, water management and the soil-plant barrier.
Straw Strip Mulching Increases Winter Wheat Yield by Optimizing Water Consumption Characteristics in a Semi-Arid Environment
Authors: Huang Caixia , Wu Yanlin , Ye Yuansheng , Li Yazhen , Ma Juhua , Ma Jiantao , Yan Jixuan , Chang Lei , Wang Zeyi , Wang Yucai , Zhang Hengjia
Published: June 2022

To investigate the feasibility of replacing plastic film with straw in semi-arid areas and establishing coordinated cultivation technology for high winter wheat yield and efficient resource utilization, a two-year field experiment was conducted under six treatments, specifically CK (no-mulching), S1 (59% of the field area straw mulched), S2 (50% of the field area straw mulched), S3 (42% of the field area straw mulched), BM (full-cover transparent plastic mulch), and HM (full-cover black plastic mulch). The effects of mulching measures on soil moisture, water consumption characteristics, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat farmland in rain-fed semiarid regions were studied. The results showed that, compared with CK, straw strip mulching reduced total water consumption by 15.39 mm on average, the soil organic carbon content at the 0–40 cm soil layer increased by 4.68%, yield by 6.90%, WUEr by 11.27%, and WUEb by 16.51%. Compared with CK, the total water consumption and soil organic carbon content in each growth period of plastic film mulching were not significantly different, but the yield, WUEr, and WUEb increased by 16.28%, 15.29%, and 25.50%, respectively. Among the three straw strip mulching treatments, treatment S3 had the highest yield, which was equivalent to that of plastic film mulching. The S3 treatment with 42% of the field area straw mulched is recommended in this stusy as the optimal replacement of plastic film mulching in semi-arid environments.
Application of Image Technique to Obtain Surface Velocity and Bed Elevation in Open-Channel Flow
Authors: Lin Yen-Cheng , Ho Hao-Che , Lee Tzu-An , Chen Hsin-Yu
Published: June 2022

The frequency of droughts and floods is increasing due to the extreme climate. Therefore, water resource planning, allocation, and disaster prevention have become increasingly important. One of the most important kinds of hydrological data in water resources planning and management is discharge. The general way to measure the water depth and discharge is to use the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), a semi-intrusive instrument. This method would involve many human resources and pose severe hazards by floods and extreme events. In recent years, it has become mainstream to measure hydrological data with nonintrusive methods such as the Large-Scale Particle Image Velocimetry (LSPIV), which is used to measure the surface velocity of rivers and estimate the discharge. However, the unknown water depth is an obstacle for this technique. In this study, a method combined with LSPIV to estimate the bathymetry was proposed. The experiments combining the LSPIV technique and the continuity equation to obtain the bed elevation were conducted in a 27 m long and 1 m wide flume. The flow conditions in the experiments were ensured to be within uniform and subcritical flow, and thermoplastic rubber particles were used as the tracking particles for the velocity measurement. The two-dimensional bathymetry was estimated from the depth-averaged velocity and the continuity equation with the leapfrog scheme in a predefined grid under the constraints of Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL). The LSPIV results were verified using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) measurements, and the bed elevation data of this study were verified using conventional point gauge measurements. The results indicate that the proposed method effectively estimated the variation of the bed elevation, especially in the shallow water level, with an average accuracy of 90.8%. The experimental results also showed that it is feasible to combine the nonintrusive imaging technique with the numerical calculation in solving the water depth and bed elevation.
EDUCAÇÃO, COMUNICAÇÃO E DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Fernandes Gomes Ana Claudia , Delgado Flavia Daniela de Pereira
Published: June 2022

Os direitos humanos e sociais norteiam pesquisas e projetos de intervenção em espaços formais, informais e não formais de educação e constituem uma das principais interfaces sociais da comunicação. O objetivo desse paper é o relato de três experiências didático-pedagógicas desenvolvidas nos cursos de graduação em Comunicação Social de uma instituição privada de ensino superior localizada na região metropolitana de São Paulo. Metodologicamente, optou-se pela descrição dos projetos realizados durante os anos de 2020 e 2021, na modalidade de ensino remoto, durante o período de isolamento social motivado pela pandemia de covid-19, que deflagrou desigualdades no acesso ao conhecimento e à informação, a partir da necessidade de reinvenção do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os ecossistemas educomunicacionais desenvolvidos pelos graduandos e docentes, que integraram saberes em projetos interdisciplinares e relacionaram teoria e prática, foram pautados pela garantia de direitos à educação, à cultura e à comunicação no (re)conhecimento de identidades e ações de cidadania. Como resultado, foram produzidos álbuns, podcasts e documentários, que promoveram a autonomia de pensamento e cooperação em grupo, características fundamentais de um ensino ativo e transformador.

Palavras-chave: comunicação social, direitos humanos, ensino remoto, universidade, educomunicação
PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TEKNIK MENYUSUI YANG BENAR UNTUK MENCAPAI KEBERHASILAN ASI EKSKLUSIF
Authors: Puspitasari Desty , Candra Kirana
Published: June 2022

Breast milk has the most appropriate advantages for the growth and development of infants. WHO recommends breastfeeding in infants in the first hour after delivery and continued until the age of six months. The Indonesian Ministry of Health adopted a recommendation for exclusive breastfeeding until the baby is six months old. Lactation management is all efforts made to help achieve the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Correct breastfeeding technique is one of lactation management. The purpose of this case study is to find out the description of the provision of health education about the correct breastfeeding technique to achieve the success of exclusive breastfeeding. This case study uses a qualitative case study research approach to provide an overview of the application of correct breastfeeding technique health education to breastfeeding in multiparous postpartum mothers and supports the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding which will be carried out from April to June 2021. The respondents are Mrs. R is 27 years old, a postpartum mother who is still confused about the correct breastfeeding technique. The results of this case study using poster media and demonstration of correct breastfeeding techniques, Mrs. R is able to perform the correct breastfeeding technique, including the position of the mother and baby, the attachment of the baby's mouth, and how to burp the baby, so that there is an increase in knowledge of Mrs. R after the correct breastfeeding technique health education was carried out.
Keywords: health education, breastfeeding technique, exclusive breastfeeding
EFEKTIFITAS TINDAKAN EPISOTOMY DALAM MEMPERCEPAT PROSES PERSALINAN
Authors: Vanisa Lula , Ulfah Yulia
Published: June 2022

Ruptur perineum dapat mengakibatkan dampak jangka panjang dan pendek pada ibu. Perdarahan adalah dampak jangka pendek dari ruptur perineum yang terjadi pada setiap persalinan melalui vagina. Secara historis, episiotomi diyakini mengurangi cedera perineum dan ruptur sfingter anal dengan mengendalikan arah dan tingkat kerusakan jaringan.

Robekan dengan episiotomi dianggap lebih mudah untuk diperbaiki dibandingkan dengan robekan spontan perineum dan dianggap bahwa episiotomi bisa mencegah dari ruptur perineum.

Evidence based case report ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitasa Tindakan episiotomy dalam mempercepat proses persalinan. Penulusuran artikel mengenai efektifitas Tindakan episiotomy dalam mempercepat proses persalinan dilakukan di Pubmed dan Google scholar. Didapatkan 1 artikel randomized-controlled trial oleh mario, dkk. yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan telah dilakukan penapisan sebelumnya, kemudian ditelaah secara kritis. Setelah ditelaah secara kritis penelitian oleh mario, dkk. dinyatakan sahih, penting, dan dapat diterapkan pada pasien. Tindakan episiotomy secara selektif (tidak rutin dilakukan) dan sesuai procedure memberikan manfaat dan mempercepat proses persalinan. Selain itu juga didapatatkan 1 artikel literature review oleh mario, dkk. Dalam literature review ini didapatkan hasil Tindakan episitomy dilakukan apabila pasien memiliki risiko laserasi yang lebih tinggi, episiotomi dilakukan dengan sudut yang lebih terbuka (>40°) dan lebih awal pada periode ekspulsif. Dengan hal ini Teknik ini efektif mempercepat proses persalinan dengan meminimalisir risiko laserasi yang lebih tinggi .
GAMBARAN KOMPOSISI FILUM FIRMICUTES DAN BACTEROIDETES PADA OBESITAS (STUDI LITERATUR)
Authors: Agustina Dina , Mutiyani Mira , Suparman Suparman , PE Mulyo Gurid
Published: June 2022

Obesity is a global health problem.  Recently, the composition of the gut microbiota, especially Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, has been suggested to be one of the factors that play a role in the incidence of obesity.  The purpose of this study was to describe the composition of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in obesity.  The research design used is a literature study.  The literature used is journals that meet the inclusion criteria, namely a total of 6 articles.  The results of the literature study showed that there were different results on the composition of the gut microbiota in obesity.  Several journals showed that the composition of Firmicutes increased and Bacteroidetes decreased in obesity, while other studies showed Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increased in the obese group compared to the normal weight group.  Furthermore, in another study, it was found that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were higher in the lean group compared to the obese group.  However, it was also found that there was no clear difference between the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes according to BMI
PRIVATE LABEL: QUALITY AND LOYALTY
Authors: MARLIEN R.A. , Kasmari Kasmari , Suteja Bambang , Basiya R
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research is about the loyalty of private label products, which is growing very rapidly, resulting in a decline in the market share of branded manufactured products. Private label products are products that are sold in retail stores, where these stores sell daily necessities at lower prices. Consumers who buy this product are price sensitive consumers. Although product quality is similar to manufactured products, consumers who are used to branded products have a perception of risk when buying private label products. This research was conducted at a retail store that sells products with the same brand as the name of the retail store. The research location was in Semarang and Gringsing with a sample of 120 respondents. Determination of the number of samples using purposive sampling technique, data analysis using multiple regression. The finding is that repurchase intention is an intervening variable between store image, risk perception, price perception and loyalty.
THE SOCIAL ASPECT OF THE 1911 KEBIN EARTHQUAKE IN THE OTTOMAN AND RUSSIAN PRESS
Authors: Derya Idikurt
Published: June 2022

On January 4, 1911, an earthquake of magnitude 8.0/8.2 occurred in the Semirechenskaya region. The epicenter of the Kebin earthquake was located in the valleys of Chon-Kemin, Chilik, Chon-Aksu and on the coast of Issyk Kul. Geologists have conducted many studies on the Kebin earthquake to date. However, there are few studies on the social aspect of Kebin earthquake. There-are many-newspapers, magazines-and literary-sources about the social impact of the Kebin earthquake. It-is also-clear that-the earthquake-was widely reflected in the Ottoman and Russian press. The newspapers, Turkestanskie Eparkhialnye Vedomosti and Sırat-ı Mustakim contain-detailed information-about the-damage caused-by the-earthquake and-the anguish-of the-earthquake-victims. Therefore, this-research focuses on-the-impact-of-the-1911-Kebin-earthquake on-the people-living-in Turkestan-and-the relief-campaigns-launched for-the earthquake-victims.
4 января 1911 г. в Семиреченской области произошло землетрясение силой 8,0/8,2 балла. Эпицентр Кебинского землетрясения располагался в долинах рек Чон-Кемин, Чилик, Чон-Аксу и на побережье Иссык-Куля. На сегодняшний день геологи провели множество исследований Кебинского землетрясения. Однако исследований социального аспекта Кебинского землетрясения немного. Есть много газет, журналов и литературных источников о социальных последствиях Кебинского землетрясения. Ясно также, что землетрясение широко освещалось в Османской и Русской прессе. Газеты «Туркестанские епархиальные ведомости» и «Сират-и мустаким» содержат подробную информацию о разрушениях, причиненных землетрясением, и страданиях пострадавших от землетрясения. Поэтому данное исследование сосредоточено на влиянии Кебинского землетрясения 1911 года на людей, проживающих в Туркестане, и кампаниях по оказанию помощи пострадавшим от землетрясения.
4-январь 1911-жылы Семиреченская областында күчү 8,0/8,2 баллга жеткен жер титирөө болгон. Кебин жер титирөөнүн очогу Чоң-Кемин, Чилик, Чоң-Аксуу өрөөндөрүндө жана Ысык-Көлдүн жээгинде жайгашкан. Жер титирөөлөр боюнча геологдор бүгүнкү күнгө чейин көптөгөн изилдөөлөрдү жүргүзүшкөн. Бирок, Кебин жер титирөөнүн социалдык аспектилери боюнча изилдөөлөр аз. Кебин жер титирөөнүн коомго тийгизген таасири тууралуу көптөгөн гезит-журналдар, адабий булактар бар. Жер титирөөнүн Осмон жана Орус басма сөзүндө кеңири чагылдырылганы да анык. «Туркестанские епархиальные ведомости» жана «Сират-и мустаким» гезиттеринде жер титирөөнүн келтирген зыяны жана жер титирөөдөн жабыркагандардын кайгы-муңу тууралуу кеңири маалыматтар бар. Ошондуктан бул изилдөөдө 1911-жылдагы Кебин жер титирөөнүн Түркстанда жашаган элге тийгизген таасири жана жер титирөөдөн жапа чеккендерге башталган жардам кампанияларына басым жасалган.
Ш. ДҮЙШЕЕВДИН АЛГАЧКЫ ЧЫГАРМАЧЫЛЫГЫ ЖАНА АЛ МЕЗГИЛДЕГИ АДАБИЙ ПРОЦЕССТЕГИ АБАЛ
Authors: Жумаканова Э.
Published: June 2022

Макалада Ш.Дүйшеевдин алгачкы чыгармачылык жолу, ырлары далай элдин маданий-эстетикалык
өнүгүүсүнө тикелей каршы турган коомдук түзүлүштү, кайдыгерлик, турмуш-тиричиликти сүрөттөө менен ачыкка чыгаргандыгын талдоого алынды. Адабий процесске резонанс жараткан ырлары, жаңылыгы жана чыгармачылыгынын калыптануусу, өнүгүүсү, чыгармаларына айтылган сын-пикирлер тууралуу сөз болот. Ш. Дүйшеевдин баарынан алга оозуп чыгууну каалаганын өз поэзиясына көркөм сөздүн мыкты үлгүлөрүнөн пайдаланып, аларга таянып лириканын көөнөрбөс тибин табууга киришип, көзү менен көрүп өзү аралашкан турмуштан пендечиликтин жорук-жосунунда ачылчу адеп-ахлактын элементтерин издөө менен алектенгенин ушул макаланын автору ачык көрсөткөн. Автордун ою боюнча, Ш.Дүйшеевдин ырларында берилген реалдуу турмуштук көрүнүштөр - кыргыз элинин кадимки күнүмдүк тиричилигинен тартып улук катары кайрадан калыптануусуна кедергисин тийгизип жаткан коомдук-турмуштук факторлор.
В статье анализируется ранний творческий путь Ш.Дуйшеева, акцентируется внимание на том, что поэт через свои стихи раскрыл противоречия в общественном устройстве, быте, социальном положении, которые прямо противостоят культурному и эстетическому развитию народа. Стихи поэта, перекликающиеся с литературным процессом, показывают трудный путь становления, развития его раннего творчества, которая подвергалась резкой критике его произведений, со стороны цензоров. Автор данной статьи попытался показать, что Ш. Дуйшеев – один из ярких поэтов своего времени, в творчестве которого стихотворная риторика достигала небывалого уровня. Он использовал в своей поэзии лучшие образцы риторики, неисчерпаемый тип лиризма, элементы нравственности в поведении человечества.
The article analyzes the early creative path of the poet, the fact that his poems reveal the social structure, indifference, life, which directly opposes the cultural and aesthetic development of many peoples. Poems that resonate with the literary process, the novelty and formation, the development of his work, the criticism of his works. The article analyzes the early creative path of Sh.Duisheev, focuses on the fact that the poet, through his poems, revealed contradictions in the social structure, way of life, social status, which directly oppose the cultural and aesthetic development of the people. The poet’s poems, echoing the literary process, show the difficult path of formation and development of his early work, which was subjected to sharp criticism of his works by censors.
ЭССЕ АДАБИЯТТЫН ӨЗ АЛДЫНЧА ЖАНРЫ КАТАРЫ
Authors: Акматалиева Н.
Published: June 2022

Бул макала эссе жанрына, кененирээк айтканда, жалпы эле эссеизм феноменине арналган. Бул жанрдын мыкты үлгүлөрүн изилдөөчүлөрдүн ой-пикирин талдап, автор эссени түшүнүү боюнча өзүнүн концепциясынын алкагында анын маңызын, жанрдык өзгөчөлүгүн, түрлөрүн жана композициялык курулушун жөнөкөй жана так түшүндүрүүнү сунуштайт. Эссенин өзгөчөлүгү жанрдык форманын айрым элементтеринин жана өзгөчөлүктөрүнүн түздөн-түз өз ара байланышын чагылдырган адабий-тарыхый жайлар контекстинде каралат. Жанрдын калыптанышындагы эң маанилүү этаптын этимологиялык ырааттуулугу баса белгиленет. Ошондой эле эссе жанрынын калыптанышында концепциянын негизги функциясы менен жанрдын өзүн атоо жана эссенин баштапкы маселесин формулировкалоо жана конкреттүү функцияны түзүү автор үчүн ой жүгүртүүнүн жалпы линиясы жана структуранын акыркы компонентинин калыптанышы.
Данная статья посвящена рассмотрению своеобразия жанра эссе в литературе. Автор статьи, анализируя мнения исследователей о лучших образцах этого жанра, предлагает простое и понятное объяснение его сущности, жанровых особенностей, типов и композиционного строения в рамках своей концепции понимания эссе. Специфика эссе рассматривается в контексте литературно-исторических памятников, отражающих прямую взаимосвязь отдельных элементов и особенностей жанровой формы. Подчеркивается этимологическая последовательность важнейшего этапа становления жанра. Указывается в качестве основной функции концепта в формировании жанра эссе. Формирование общей линии мысли и заключительного компонента структуры, позволяет автору сформулировать исходную проблему эссе и создать конкретную функцию.
This article is devoted to the essay genre in general, the phenomenon of essayism in general. Analyzing the opinions of researchers about the best examples of this genre, the author offers a simple and understandable explanation of its essence, genre features, types and compositional structure within the framework of his concept of understanding the essay. The specificity of the essay is considered in the context of literary and historical monuments, reflecting the direct relationship of individual elements and features of the genre form. The etymological sequence of the most important stage in the formation of the genre is emphasized. Also, the main function of the concept in the formation of the essay genre is the formation of a
Colonización y estrategias organizativas: memoria histórica de los campesinos afiliados al Sindicato de Trabajadores Agrícolas Independientes del Meta (Sintragim), en Mesetas-Colombia, 1959-2017
Authors: Castaño González Eugenio
Published: June 2022

Este artículo da cuenta de las estrategias de organización y sus posteriores repliegues en diferentes contextos caracterizados por el recrudecimiento y distensión de la violencia  contra los campesinos organizados a través del Sindicato de Trabajadores Agrícolas Independientes del Meta, seccional Mesetas, durante el periodo propuesto. Para ello se decidió dar cuenta de varios aspectos claves, como los procesos de poblamiento, estrategias organizativas, reivindicaciones sociales y políticas y, por último, las formas de violencia ejercidas por parte de grupos armados. Todo lo anterior permite comprender las dinámicas sociohistóricas de una organización sindical campesina conformada desde un principio por desplazados de la región andina, quienes procuraron construir un proyecto político en una región inhóspita y con una precaria presencia del Estado colombiano.
Poder, memoria e identidad en San Luis. Acerca de la “puntanidad” en la construcción del poder hegemónico de la provincia
Authors: Lucero Belgrano María Inés
Published: June 2022

En el presente trabajo nos proponemos una aproximación a la construcción del poder político vigente en la provincia de San Luis desde 1983, indagando en los mecanismos de producción y reproducción simbólica que consolidan su hegemonía. El interrogante que guía este artículo es ¿dónde encuentra sus fuentes de legitimación el poder local y cómo las utiliza? En este sentido, nuestra preocupación se centra en los usos del pasado que hace el bloque dominante puntano, la imagen que construye sobre éste y el tipo de identidad que desde allí impulsa.Presentamos en las siguientes páginas un primer acercamiento a la temática de la identidad y su relación con la memoria a través de la denominada “puntanidad”.