bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Criteria to Predict Tumor Recurrence in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Nozoe Tadahiro , Mori Emiko , Iguchi Tomohiro , Ezaki Takahiro
Published: November 2013

Incidence of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is cancer without expression of ER, PgR, and HER2, and nuclear grade (NG) are closely correlated with malignant potential of breast cancer. However, criteria to determine aggressiveness of breast cancer based on these factors have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to create criteria using these factors to predict tumor recurrence in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. One hundred and seventy-nine patients with IDC of the breast, which had been treated by surgical resection, were included. One point was added for each factor of the two categories of TNBC and NG 3. The sum of the scores (TGS 0, 1, or 2) was calculated. Significant difference was observed between TGS and the incidence of tumor recurrence (P < 0.0001). Moreover, significant differences were observed regarding relapse-free survival (RFS) between patients with TGS 0 and TGS 1 (P < 0.0001) and patients with TGS 1 and TGS 2 (P = 0.024). TGS might contain a clinical advantage as a useful predictor for tumor recurrence of IDC of the breast and could classify prognosis of the patients with a preferable stratification.
Incisional Intercostal Hernia With Prolapse of the Colon After Right Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Yamamoto Takatsugu , Kurashima Yukiko , Watanabe Chie , Ohata Kazunori , Hashiba Ryoya , Tanaka Shogo , Uenishi Takahiro , Ohno Koichi
Published: November 2013

A 75-year-old woman with a history of myocardial infarction, gallstones, and right renal cancer was referred to our department because of right flank pain. She had a surgical scar on the right abdomen between the 10th and 11th ribs; computed tomography demonstrated intercostal herniation of the colon. Recognizing the possibility of adhesions of the hernia and colon, we used a median skin incision and patched a polyester mesh coated with absorbent collagen. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course, with no pain for 6 months postoperatively. Transdiaphragmatic intercostal hernias with abdominal contents commonly develop after trauma or thoracic surgery. Incisional intercostal hernias seldom develop after nephrectomy; the present case is only the fourth report. We conjecture that a costochondral incision can induce subluxation of the costotransverse joint, intercostal nerve injury, and atrophy of the intercostal and abdominal oblique muscles. Surgeons must therefore recognize the potential, albeit rare, for intercostal hernia after nephrectomy.
Prophylactic and Informational Abdominal Drainage Is Not Necessary After Colectomy and Suprapromontory Anastomosis
Authors: Yamaguchi Satoru , Tsutsumi Soichi , Fujii Takaaki , Morita Hiroki , Suto Toshinaga , Nakajima Masanobu , Kato Hiroyuki , Asao Takayuki , Kuwano Hiroyuki
Published: November 2013

Several randomized prospective studies in western countries regarding the usefulness of prophylactic drainage have concluded that prophylactic abdominal drainage tubes are unnecessary. In Japan, however, longitudinal and vascular margins are rather different from in western countries. Furthermore, body mass index and volume of mesentery differed. Thus, although it is a retrospective study, it is worth investigating the usefulness of prophylactic drainage in the Japanese context. Two hundred sixty patients underwent colectomy and suprapromontory anastomosis. Prophylactic drainage tubes were inserted in 124 cases (47%) and not inserted in 136 cases (53%). In terms of postoperative complications, no statistically significant difference was found between the with-drainage and the without-drainage groups. The incidence of the abscess formation was not statistically different in the with-drainage group (4.0%) or the without-drainage group (0.7%). We concluded that the prophylactic and informational drainage tubes are not necessary even in Japanese cases of suprapromontory anastomosis, which typically have a wide resection and regional lymphadenectomy containing the roots of regional vessels.
Laparoscopy-Assisted Resection of Ileocecal Intussusception Caused by Ileal Pedunculated Lipoma
Authors: Saito Kana , Osawa Hidenobu , Morohara Koji , Nakamura Kosuke , Kimura Shintaro , Okada Akiko , Sakai Makoto , Wada Wataru , Yasuda Naokuni , Suzuki Yutaka , Kuwano Hiroyuki
Published: November 2013

We report on a case of ileal lipoma that prolapsed into the ascending colon and was resected by laparoscopy-assisted surgery. A 31-year-old male Japanese patient was admitted to our hospital because of hematochezia and anemia. Colonoscopy revealed a pedunculated polyp arising from the ileum. The surface was covered with slightly edematous mucosa. Abdominal computed tomography showed a low-density mass in the ascending colon. A diagnosis of pedunculated ileal lipoma with intussusception was made, and laparoscopy-assisted surgery was performed. The intussusception was reducted by resection of the lipoma. The surgical specimen was a 40 × 30 × 25 mm round tumor with a long stalk 11 cm in length. Microscopic examination of the specimen revealed ileal lipoma. Laparoscopic surgery is recommended for benign tumors of the small intestine because it is minimally invasive.
Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone due to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors After Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater: Case Report
Authors: Iwase Ryota , Shiba Hiroaki , Gocho Takeshi , Futagawa Yasuro , Wakiyama Shigeki , Ishida Yuichi , Misawa Takeyuki , Yanaga Katsuhiko
Published: November 2013

A 68-year-old man underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with lymph nodes dissection for carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. The patient had anxiety neurosis and had been treated with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Postoperatively, SSRI was resumed on postoperative day 2. His serum sodium concentration gradually decreased, and the patient was given a sodium supplement. However, 11 days after the operation, laboratory findings included serum sodium concentration of 117 mEq/L, serum vasopressin of 2.0 pg/mL, plasma osmolality of 238 mOsm/kg, urine osmolality of 645 mOsm/kg, urine sodium concentration of 66 mEq/L, serum creatinine concentration of 0.54 mg/dL, and serum cortisol concentration of 29.1 μg/dL. With a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), the antianxiety neurosis medication was changed from the SSRI to another type of drug. After switching the medication, the patient made a satisfactory recovery with normalization of serum sodium by postoperative day 20.
Routine Histopathologic Examination of Appendectomy Specimens: Retrospective Analysis of 1255 Patients
Authors: Emre Arif , Akbulut Sami , Bozdag Zehra , Yilmaz Mehmet , Kanlioz Murat , Emre Rabia , Sahin Nurhan
Published: November 2013

The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical benefit of histopathologic analysis of appendectomy specimens from patients with an initial diagnosis of acute appendicitis. We retrospectively analyzed the demographic and histopathologic data of 1255 patients (712 males, 543 females; age range, 17–85 years) who underwent appendectomy to treat an initial diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Patients who underwent incidental appendectomy during other surgeries were excluded from the study. Histopathologic findings of the appendectomy specimens were used to confirm the initial diagnosis. Ninety-four percent of the appendectomy specimens were positive for appendicitis. Of those, 880 were phlegmonous appendicitis, 148 were gangrenous appendicitis with perforation, and the remaining 88 showed unusual histopathologic findings. In the 88 specimens with unusual pathology, fibrous obliteration was observed in 57 specimens, carcinoid tumor in 11, Encheliophis vermicularis parasite infection in 8, granulatomous inflammation in 6, appendiceal endometriosis in 2, and 1 specimen each showed mucocele, eosinophilic infiltration, Taenia saginata parasite infection, and appendicular diverticulitis. All carcinoid tumors were located in the distal appendix. Six of the 11 carcinoid tumors were defined by histopathology as involving tubular cells, and the other 5 as involving enterochromaffin cells. Six patients had muscularis propria invasion, 2 patients had submucosa invasion, 2 patients had mesoappendix invasion, and 1 patient had serosal invasion. All patients with tumors remained disease free during the follow-up (range, 1–27 months). We conclude that when the ratio of unusual pathologic findings for appendectomy specimens is considered, it is evident that all surgical specimens should be subjected to careful histologic examination.
Uncertainty analysis of modeled carbon and water fluxes in a subtropical coniferous plantation
Authors: Ren Xiaoli , He Honglin , Moore David J. P. , Zhang Li , Liu Min , Li Fan , Yu Guirui , Wang Huimin
Published: November 2013

Estimating the exchanges of carbon and water between vegetation and the atmosphere requires process‐based ecosystem models; however, uncertainty in model predictions is inevitable due to the uncertainties in model structure, model parameters, and driving variables. This paper proposes a methodological framework for analyzing prediction uncertainty of ecosystem models caused by parameters and applies it in Qianyanzhou subtropical coniferous plantation using the Simplified Photosynthesis and Evapotranspiration model. We selected 20 key parameters from 42 parameters of the model using one‐at‐a‐time sensitivity analysis method and estimated their posterior distributions using Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique. Prediction uncertainty was quantified through Monte Carlo method and partitioned using Sobol' method by decomposing the total variance of model predictions into different components. The uncertainty in predicted net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE), evapotranspiration (ET), and transpiration (T), defined as the coefficient of variation, was 61.0%, 20.6%, 12.7%, 14.2%, and 19.9%, respectively. Modeled carbon and water fluxes were highly sensitive to two parameters, maximum net CO2 assimilation rate (Amax) and specific leaf weight (SLWC). They contributed more than two thirds of the uncertainty in predicted NEE, GPP, ET, and T and almost one third of the uncertainty in predicted RE, which should be focused on in further efforts to reduce uncertainty. The results indicated a direction for future model development and data collection. Although there were still limitations in the framework illustrated here, it did provide a paradigm for systematic quantification of ecosystem model prediction uncertainty.
Tactics for a Transgressive Practice
Authors: Petrescu Doina , Petcou Constantin
Published: November 2013

In the last decade, Internet access and social media have reshaped the possibilities for experimental practice in terms of reach and immediacy. Doina Petrescu and Constantin Petcou of atelier d'architecture autogérée (aaa) describe a project that they initiated for a collective platform in Paris that acts as a catalyst for community engagement in the urban realm and particularly the reappropriation of vacant plots of land in the city.
The Power of Logic Versus the Logic of Power: N55
Authors: Sørvin Ion
Published: November 2013

Ion Sørvin, the founder of experimental Danish practice N55, describes two projects devised to challenge and critique the current economic, social and political conventions: one for open‐source manuals to create everyday items, such as modular bed systems, a hygiene system and a micro‐home, that highlight how commercial products define and circumscribe everyday social interactions; and another for a collective masterplan that challenges the power base of private land ownership.
Gold versus Palladium: A Regioselective Cycloisomerization of Aromatic Enynes
Authors: Aziz Jessy , Frison Gilles , Le Menez Patrick , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Hamze Abdallah , Alami Mouad
Published: November 2013

Aromatic enynes can be transformed into arylnaphthalenes or benzofulvenes depending on the reaction conditions. Under gold(I) catalysis, exclusive or major 6‐endo‐dig cyclization took place leading to arylnaphthalenes. However, a catalytic system based on palladium iodide/1,3‐bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, in the presence of cesium carbonate as a base was necessary to furnish exclusively 5‐exo‐dig cyclization pattern, regardless of the electronic effects of the substituents. In the latter transformation, a mechanistic study (kinetic isotopic effect, density functional theory) involving a CH activation is suggested for the exclusive formation of benzofulvenes.

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Angiogenic growth factors augment K–Cl cotransporter expression in erythroid cells via hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α
Authors: Gonsalves Caryn S. , Crable Scott , Chandra Sharat , Li Wei , Kalra Vijay K. , Joiner Clinton H.
Published: November 2013

The potassium chloride cotransporters (KCC) family of proteins are widely expressed and are involved in the transepithelial movement of potassium and chloride ions and the regulation of cell volume. KCC activity is high in reticulocytes, and contributes to the dehydration of sickle red blood cells. Because plasma levels of both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) are elevated in sickle cell individuals, and VEGF has been shown to increase KCC expression in other cells, we hypothesized that VEGF and PlGF influence KCC expression in erythroid cells. Both VEGF and PlGF treatment of human erythroid K562 cells increased both mRNA and protein levels of KCC1, KCC3b, and KCC4. VEGF‐ and PlGF‐mediated cellular signaling involved VEGF‐R1 and downstream effectors, specifically, PI‐3 kinase, p38 MAP kinase, mTOR, NADPH‐oxidase, JNK kinase, and HIF‐1α. VEGF and PlGF‐mediated transcription of KCC3b and KCC4 involved hypoxia response element (HRE) motifs in their promoters, as demonstrated by promoter analysis, EMSA and ChiP. These results were corroborated in vivo by adenoviral‐mediated overexpression of PlGF in normal mice, which led to increased expression of mKCC3 and mKCC4 in erythroid precursors. Our studies show that VEGF and PlGF regulate transcription of KCC3b and KCC4 in erythroid cells via activation of HIF‐1α, independent of hypoxia. These studies provide novel therapeutic targets for regulation of cell volume in RBC precursors, and thus, amelioration of dehydration in RBCs in sickle cell disease. Am. J. Hematol. 89:273–281, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fatty acids in mountain gorilla diets: Implications for primate nutrition and health
Authors: Reiner Whitney B. , Petzinger Christina , Power Michael L. , Hyeroba David , Rothman Jessica M.
Published: November 2013

Little is known about the fatty acid composition of foods eaten by wild primates. A total of 18 staple foods that comprise 97% of the annual dietary intake of the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei) were analyzed for fatty acid concentrations. Fruits and herbaceous leaves comprise the majority of the diet, with fruits generally having a higher mean percentage of fat (of dry matter; DM), as measured by ether extract (EE), than herbaceous leaves (13.0% ± SD 13.0% vs. 2.3 ± SD 0.8%). The mean daily EE intake by gorillas was 3.1% (DM). Fat provided ≈14% of the total dietary energy intake, and ≈22% of the dietary non‐protein energy intake. Saturated fatty acids accounted for 32.4% of the total fatty acids in the diet, while monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for 12.5% and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) accounted for 54.6%. Both of the two essential PUFA, linoleic acid (LA, n‐6) and α‐linolenic acid (ALA, n‐3), were found in all of the 17 staple foods containing crude fat and were among the three most predominant fatty acids in the diet: LA (C18:2n‐6) (30.3%), palmitic acid (C16:0) (23.9%), and ALA (C18:3n‐3) (21.2%). Herbaceous leaves had higher concentrations of ALA, while fruit was higher in LA. Fruits provided high amounts of fatty acids, especially LA, in proportion to their intake due to the higher fat concentrations; despite being low in fat, herbaceous leaves provided sufficient ALA due to the high intake of these foods. As expected, we found that wild mountain gorillas consume a diet lower in EE, than modern humans. The ratio of LA:ALA was 1.44, closer to agricultural paleolithic diets than to modern human diets. Am. J. Primatol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A combined experimental–numerical rheometric and mechanical characterization of EPM/EPDM rubber for medium voltage cable applications vulcanized with peroxides
Authors: Milani Gabriele , Galanti Andrea , Cardelli Camillo , Milani Federico
Published: November 2013

The vulcanization of medium and high voltage (M‐H V) cables is an important industrial application where manufacturers use principally EPM/EPDM, crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) and now also thermoplastic rubbers. In the present article, an EPDM compound for medium voltage cables—normally distributed to producers in pellets and ready to be cured—is considered and several experimental tests (rheometer curves and mechanical characterizations) are conducted changing controlled curing temperature, peroxide type and peroxide concentration. In particular, tests are replicated in a temperature range between 160 and 200°C, with data provided every 20°C, using two different peroxides, a mixture of three commercial peroxides at five different concentrations. A huge amount of experimental data (cure curves) is obtained (one for each temperature, peroxide used and concentration) and results are critically compared one each other, to have a quantitative insight into the most effective temperature and peroxide to be used during this kind of vulcanization, with the aim of maximizing vulcanization velocity, final torque reached and mechanical properties of cured rubber. The comprehensive experimental study proposed is finally assessed from a numerical point of view, utilizing a complex kinetic scheme constituted by reactions occurring in series and parallel, which allows estimating numerically the vulcanization degree by means of a single second order nonlinear differential equation, with unknown parameters determined through non‐linear least squares fitting, with target data represented by experimental rheoemeter curves. The experimental fitting is almost perfect for all the cases analyzed and is aimed at predicting (without an expensive experimentation) the most suitable production parameters (e.g., curing time and temperature) to guarantee improved mechanical properties and a good aging resistance of the items. In addition, the numerical approach could allow finding the most suitable recipe, also in presence of mixtures of peroxides, able to provide items with a uniform vulcanization level. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40075.
Electrical energy discharging performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) by tuning its ferroelectric relaxation with polymethyl methacrylate
Authors: Xia Weimin , Zhang Qiuping , Wang Xiao , Zhang Zhicheng
Published: November 2013

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was introduced into ferroelectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) via a simple solution blending process and a series of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE)/PMMA blends with varied PMMA content was obtained in an effort to investigate the confinement effect of PMMA on the crystalline, dielectric, and electric energy storage properties of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE). PMMA addition could reduce the crystallinity dramatically as well as the crystal size due to its dilution effect and impediment effect on the crystallization of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE). PMMA introduction is also responsible for the phase transition of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) from α phase into γ phase. As expected, both the dielectric constant and loss of the blends are reduced as PMMA addition increases for the dilute, decoupling, and confinement effect of PMMA on the relaxation behavior of crystal phases of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) under external electric field. As a result, both the maximum and remnant polarization of the blends are significantly depressed. The irreversible polarization of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) is effectively restricted by the addition of PMMA due to its impeding effect on the crystallization of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) and restricting effect on the switch of the polar crystal domains. Therefore, the energy loss induced by the ferroelectric relaxation of P(VDF‐co‐TrFE) is significantly reduced to less than 25% at an electric field of 450 MV/m while the energy storage density is well maintained at about 10 J/cm−3 in the blend with 30 wt % PMMA. The results may help to understand how the ferroelectric relaxation affects the energy loss of ferroelectrics fundamentally and design more desirable materials for high energy storage capacitors. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40114.
Solo versus collaborative writing: Discrepancies in the use of tables and graphs in academic articles
Authors: Cabanac Guillaume , Hubert Gilles , Hartley James
Published: November 2013

The number of authors collaborating to write scientific articles has been increasing steadily, and with this collaboration, other factors have also changed, such as the length of articles and the number of citations. However, little is known about potential discrepancies in the use of tables and graphs between single and collaborating authors. In this article, we ask whether multiauthor articles contain more tables and graphs than single‐author articles, and we studied 5,180 recent articles published in six science and social sciences journals. We found that pairs and multiple authors used significantly more tables and graphs than single authors. Such findings indicate that there is a greater emphasis on the role of tables and graphs in collaborative writing, and we discuss some of the possible causes and implications of these findings.
Web search volume as a predictor of academic fame: An exploration of Google trends
Authors: Vaughan Liwen , Romero‐Frías Esteban
Published: November 2013

Searches conducted on web search engines reflect the interests of users and society. Google Trends, which provides information about the queries searched by users of the Google web search engine, is a rich data source from which a wealth of information can be mined. We investigated the possibility of using web search volume data from Google Trends to predict academic fame. As queries are language‐dependent, we studied universities from two countries with different languages, the United States and Spain. We found a significant correlation between the search volume of a university name and the university's academic reputation or fame. We also examined the effect of some Google Trends features, namely, limiting the search to a specific country or topic category on the search volume data. Finally, we examined the effect of university sizes on the correlations found to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of the relationships.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of single-incision versus conventional multiport appendicectomy
Authors: Markar S R , Karthikesalingam A , Di Franco F , Harris A M
Published: November 2013

Background

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare clinical outcomes following single-incision laparoscopic appendicectomy (SILA) and conventional multiport laparoscopic appendicectomy (CLA) for the treatment of acute appendicitis.

Methods

An electronic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Publications were included if they were clinical trials randomizing patients with appendicitis to SILA or CLA. Outcome measures evaluated included operating time, length of hospital stay, total postoperative complications, and, specifically, wound infection, intra-abdominal collection and ileus. Weighted mean difference was calculated for the effect size of SILA on continuous variables, and pooled odds ratios were calculated for discrete variables.

Results

The literature search identified seven randomized clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. In total, 1108 appendicectomies were included, 555 SILA and 553 CLA procedures. There were no significant differences between the groups in the incidence of total postoperative complications, wound infection, intra-abdominal collection, ileus or length of hospital stay. However, SILA was associated with a significantly longer operating time compared with CLA (weighted mean difference 6·96 (95 per cent confidence interval 3·79 to 10·12) min; P < 0·001). Insertion of an additional port was required in 7·6 per cent of patients undergoing SILA.

Conclusion

SILA is a safe procedure for the treatment of acute appendicitis, with comparable clinical outcome to CLA when undertaken by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.
Portal vein embolization improves rate of resection of extensive colorectal liver metastases without worsening survival
Authors: Shindoh J , Tzeng C-W D , Aloia T A , Curley S A , Zimmitti G , Wei S H , Huang S Y , Gupta S , Wallace M J , Vauthey J-N
Published: November 2013

Background

Most patients requiring an extended right hepatectomy (ERH) have an inadequate standardized future liver remnant (sFLR) and need preoperative portal vein embolization (PVE). However, the clinical and oncological impact of PVE in such patients remains unclear.

Methods

All consecutive patients presenting at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center with colorectal liver metastases (CLM) requiring ERH at presentation from 1995 to 2012 were studied. Surgical and oncological outcomes were compared between patients with adequate and inadequate sFLRs at presentation.

Results

Of the 265 patients requiring ERH, 126 (47·5 per cent) had an adequate sFLR at presentation, of whom 123 underwent a curative resection. Of the 139 patients (52·5 per cent) who had an inadequate sFLR and underwent PVE, 87 (62·6 per cent) had a curative resection. Thus, the curative resection rate was increased from 46·4 per cent (123 of 265) at baseline to 79·2 per cent (210 of 265) following PVE. Among patients who underwent ERH, major complication and 90-day mortality rates were similar in the no-PVE and PVE groups (22·0 and 4·1 per cent versus 31 and 7 per cent respectively); overall and disease-free survival rates were also similar in these two groups. Of patients with an inadequate sFLR at presentation, those who underwent ERH had a significantly better median overall survival (50·2 months) than patients who had non-curative surgery (21·3 months) or did not undergo surgery (24·7 months) (P = 0·002).

Conclusion

PVE enabled curative resection in two-thirds of patients with CLM who had an inadequate sFLR and were unable to tolerate ERH at presentation. Patients who underwent curative resection after PVE had overall and disease-free survival rates equivalent to those of patients who did not need PVE.
Risk of infection and sepsis in severely injured patients related to single nucleotide polymorphisms in the lectin pathway
Authors: Bronkhorst M W G A , Lomax M A Z , Vossen R H A M , Bakker J , Patka P , van Lieshout E M M
Published: November 2013

Background

Infectious complications remain a serious threat to patients with multiple trauma. Susceptibility and response to infection is, in part, heritable. The lectin pathway plays a major role in innate immunity. The aim of this study was to assess whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three key genes within the lectin pathway affect susceptibility to infectious complications in severely injured patients.

Methods

A prospective cohort of severely injured patients admitted to a level I trauma centre between January 2008 and April 2011 were genotyped for SNPs in MBL2 (mannose-binding lectin 2), MASP2 (MBL-associated serine protease 2) and FCN2 (ficolin 2). Association of genotype with prevalence of positive culture findings and infection was tested by χ2 and logistic regression analysis.

Results

A total of 219 patients were included, of whom 112 (51·1 per cent) developed a positive culture from sputum, wounds, blood or urine. A systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) developed in 139 patients (63·5 per cent), sepsis in 79 (36·1 per cent) and septic shock in 37 (16·9 per cent). Patients with a MBL2 exon 1 variant allele were more prone to positive wound cultures (odds ratio (OR) 2·51, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·12 to 5·62; P = 0·025). A MASP2Y371D DD genotype predisposed to SIRS (OR 4·78, 1·06 to 21·59; P = 0·042) and septic shock (OR 2·53, 1·12 to 4·33; P = 0·003). A FCN2A258S AS genotype predisposed to positive wound cultures (OR 3·37, 1·45 to 7·85; P = 0·005) and septic shock (OR 2·18, 1·30 to 4·78; P = 0·011).

Conclusion

Severely injured patients with SNPs in MBL2, MASP2 Y371D and FCN2 A258S of the lectin pathway of complement activation are significantly more susceptible to positive culture findings, and to infectious complications, SIRS and septic shock than patients with a wildtype genotype.
ChemInform Abstract: Compositionally Tunable Photoluminescence Emission in Cu2ZnSn(S1‐xSex)4 Nanocrystals.
Authors: Singh Ajay , Singh Shalini , Levcenko Sergiu , Unold Thomas , Laffir Fathima , Ryan Kevin M.
Published: November 2013

Wurtzite‐type Cu2ZnSn(S1‐xSex)4 (x = 0—1) nanocrystals are synthesized from mixtures of Cu(acac)2, Zn(OAc)2, Sn(OAc)4, dodecanethiol, diphenyl diselenide, trioctylphosphine oxide, and octadecene (Ar flow, 155 °C, 15 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Potassium Vanadium Oxide K2V6O16·1.5H2O Superlong Nanobelts: A 1D Room‐Temperature Ferromagnetic Semiconductor.
Authors: Bai Liangfei , Xue Yan , Zhang Jiajia , Pan Bicai , Wu Changzheng
Published: November 2013

K2V6O16·1.5H2O superlong nanobelts are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions of K3VO4 and HCl (autoclave, pH 3, 200 °C, 24 h) and characterized by powder XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, and magnetic and electrical measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Properties of the New Layered Manganese Oxyselenide Sr2F2Mn2Se2O.
Authors: Zhang S. B. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2013

Sr2F2Mn2Se2O is prepared by solid state reaction using SrO, SrF2, Mn, and Se in stoichiometric ratios with a 3 wt% Se excess (evacuated quartz tube, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Bi2O3/NaBi(MoO4)2 Heterojunction with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light Irradiation.
Authors: Liu Jinxiong , Wei Renjie , Hu Juncheng , Li Lizhong , Li Jinlin
Published: November 2013

The Bi2O3/NaBi(MoO4)2 composite photocatalyst with nanostructured heterojunctions is prepared by a supercritical method employing Bi(NO3)3 and NaMoO4 solutions in EtOH to which citric acid is added (Bi/Mo ratio of 1.33, autoclave, 1 MPa of N2, 243 °C, 4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Europium Polyoxometalates Encapsulated in Silica Nanoparticles — Characterization and Photoluminescence Studies.
Authors: Balula Salete S. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2013

Compound (IV) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4.
ChemInform Abstract: High Temperature Redox Reactions with Uranium: Synthesis and Characterization of Cs(UO2)Cl(SeO3), Rb2(UO2)3O2 (SeO3)2, and RbNa5U2(SO4)7.
Authors: Babo Jean‐Marie , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: November 2013

Cs(UO2)Cl(SeO3) (I) and Rb2(UO2)3O2 (SeO3)3 (II) are prepared by melting stoichiometric amounts of UO2 and SeO2 together with excess CsCl or RbCl both as cation source and fluxing agent (evacuated silica ampoules, 850 °C, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intramolecular Aldehyde α‐Alkylation with Simple Olefins: Direct Access to Homo‐Ene Products.
Authors: Comito Robert J. , Finelli Fernanda G. , MacMillan David W. C.
Published: November 2013

A highly selective method for the synthesis of asymmetrically substituted carbocycles and heterocycles from unactivated aldehyde—olefin precursors is achieved via enantioselective singly occupied molecular orbital catalysis (SOMO‐catalysis).
ChemInform Abstract: Gorlos‐phos: Addressing the Stereoselectivity in Palladium‐Catalyzed exo‐Mode Cyclization of Allenes with a Nucleophilic Functionality.
Authors: Ye Juntao , Li Suhua , Ma Shengming
Published: November 2013

A novel catalyst system is identified for addressing the long‐standing issue of Z/E stereoselectivity in Pd‐catalyzed exo‐mode cyclization reactions of allenes bearing nucleophilic functionality, such as (I), with organic halides or their equivalents.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation with Use of Ionic Liquid Bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)ammonium Formate [BHEA][HCO2] as a Solvent and Hydrogen Source.
Authors: Suzuki Hideyuki , Yoshioka Seiki , Igesaka Ami , Nishioka Hiromi , Takeuchi Yasuo
Published: November 2013

The new hydrogenation system allows the reduction of aromatic ketones, olefins, and nitro groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Expanding the Scope of Silane‐Mediated Hydrodehalogenation Reactions.
Authors: Noonan Gary M. , Hayter Barry R. , Campbell Andrew D. , Gorman Timothy W. , Partridge Benjamin E. , Lamont Gill M.
Published: November 2013

A palladium‐catalyzed, silane‐mediated hydrodehalogenation (HDH) reaction with increased substrate scope is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Highly Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Monoarylation of Ammonia Enabled by the Use of Bulky Biarylphosphine Ligands and Palladacycle Precatalysts.
Authors: Cheung Chi Wai , Surry David S. , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: November 2013

Improved catalytic systems for the Pd‐catalyzed amination of aryl and heteroaryl chlorides and bromides are developed using novel biarylphosphine ligands containing more conformationally rigid biaryl backbones.
ChemInform Abstract: Accelerating Influence of the gem‐Difluoromethylene Group in a Ring‐Closing Olefin Metathesis Reaction. A Thorpe—Ingold Effect?
Authors: Urbina‐Blanco Cesar A. , Skibinski Maciej , O'Hagan David , Nolan Steven P.
Published: November 2013

For ring‐closing metathesis of 1,8‐nonadienes possessing a geminal difluoromethylene functionality a rate acceleration is observed which is comparable to that of classical Thorpe—Ingold substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalytic Activity of 3‐Methyl‐β‐proline in Enantioselective anti‐Mannich‐Type Reactions.
Authors: Nagata Kazuhiro , Kuga Yasushi , Higashi Akinori , Kinoshita Atsushi , Kanemitsu Takuya , Miyazaki Michiko , Itoh Takashi
Published: November 2013

Chiral β‐prolines are synthesized and used as organocatalysts in the anti‐selective Mannich‐type reaction of ketones/aldehydes with ethyl glyoxylate imine.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd/C‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Oxamates by Oxidative Cross Double Carbonylation of Amines and Alcohols under Co‐Catalyst, Base, Dehydrating Agent, and Ligand‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Gadge Sandip T. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: November 2013

The catalyst can be reused up to six times without significant loss in activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reactions of cis‐1,2‐Dihydrocatechol Derivatives Incorporating C3‐Tethered Diazoketones, Nitrile Oxides, and Azides: Stereocontrolled Routes to Enantiomerically Pure Spiro[5.5]undecanes and Related Systems.
Authors: Reekie Tristan A. , Banwell Martin G. , Willis Anthony C.
Published: November 2013

A series of enantiomerically pure 1,2‐dihydrocatechol derivatives (I), (VI), (XI), and (XIV) bearing diazoketone, nitrile oxide, or azide residues is prepared and their regio‐ and stereoselective intramolecular cycloaddition reactions are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroarylation Reactions of N‐Acylaminosubstituted Tricyclic Imides.
Authors: Gul Melek , Kulu Irem , Ocal Nuket
Published: November 2013

The palladium‐catalyzed hydroarylation of N‐acylamino tricyclic imides (I) and (IV) gives stereoselectively exo‐coupling products (III) and (V), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed, Directing Group‐Assisted Fluorination of Arene and Heteroarene C—H Bonds.
Authors: Truong Thanh , Klimovica Kristine , Daugulis Olafs
Published: November 2013

A method for direct, copper‐catalyzed, auxiliary‐assisted fluorination of β‐sp2 C—H bonds of benzoic acid derivatives and γ‐sp2 C—H bonds of α,α‐disubstituted benzylamine derivatives, respectively is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Tether‐Free Immobilized Bifunctional Squaramide Organocatalysts for Batch and Flow Reactions.
Authors: Kardos Gyoergy , Soos Tibor
Published: November 2013

The organocatalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of 1,3‐dicarbonyles to nitrostyrenes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Chelation‐Controlled Diastereoselective Construction of N‐Aryl‐, N‐Acyl/Tosylhydrazono β‐Substituted Aspartate Derivatives via Barbier‐Type Reaction.
Authors: Aslam Nayyer Ahmad , Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda , Sudha Arya Jayadev , Yasuda Makoto , Baba Akio
Published: November 2013

Indium is found to be the most versatile metal for the Barbier reaction of alkyl 4‐bromocrotonates as well as α‐halo esters with imino esters to yield a variety of aspartic acid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: NiCl2·6H2O/NaBH4 in Methanol: A Mild and Efficient Strategy for Chemoselective Deallylation/Debenzylation of Aryl Ethers.
Authors: Chouhan Mangilal , Kumar Kapil , Sharma Ratnesh , Grover Vikas , Nair Vipin A.
Published: November 2013

Under the present conditions, alkyl ethers and sensitive functional groups such as nitrile or ester remain intact.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed, Intermolecular Hydroetherification of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes with Phenols.
Authors: Sevov Christo S. , Hartwig John F.
Published: November 2013

The intermolecular, metal‐catalyzed addition of phenols to unactivated α‐olefins is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Remarkable Configurational Stability of Magnesiated Nitriles.
Authors: Barker Graeme , Alshawish Madeha R. , Skilbeck Melanie C. , Coldham Iain
Published: November 2013

This method gives α‐substituted nitriles with high enantioselectivities from enantioenriched substrates using a magnesium base.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Family of Nucleophiles for Photoinduced, Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings via Single‐Electron Transfer: Reactions of Thiols with Aryl Halides under Mild Conditions (O °C).
Authors: Uyeda Christopher , Tan Yichen , Fu Gregory C. , Peters Jonas C.
Published: November 2013

A versatile photoinduced, copper‐catalyzed method for coupling aryl thiols with aryl halides is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Diaryl Thioethers via TBAF‐Mediated Denitrative Substitution of Nitroarenes with PhSTMS under Mild and Neutral Conditions
Authors: Yu Xiao‐Chun , Li Bo , Yu Bao‐Hua , Xu Qing
Published: November 2013

scope and limitations
ChemInform Abstract: Troeger′s Base Derived Phosphanes for Suzuki—Miyaura and Buchwald—Hartwig Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Pereira Raul , Cvengros Jan
Published: November 2013

A new phosphane ligand, which can be easily prepared from cheap starting materials, is successfully applied to the title reactions with aryl bromides and chlorides.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Oxidative Acylation of 2‐Phenoxypyridines with Alcohols via C—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Kim Minyoung , Sharma Satyasheel , Park Jihye , Kim Mirim , Choi Yeonhee , Jeon Yukyoung , Kwak Jong Hwan , Kim In Su
Published: November 2013

A wide range of biologically active ortho‐acylated phenol derivatives is prepared using a Pd‐catalyzed process requiring a pyridinyl directing group at oxygen.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Alkynylation of Cyclopropenones.
Authors: Matsuda Takanori , Sakurai Yusuke
Published: November 2013

Propargylic esters (VI) bearing an aryl or alkenyl group at the propargylic position exclusively afford 4‐methylenecyclopentenones via [3 + 2] annulation.
ChemInform Abstract: In vivo Antimalarial Activity of Novel 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐anilino‐1,4‐naphthoquinones Obtained by Epoxide Ring‐Opening Reaction.
Authors: Dias de Rezende Lucas Cunha , Fumagalli Fernando , Schiavon Bortolin Marraiana , Garcia de Oliveira Marianne , Helder de Paula Murilo , Ferreira de Andrade‐Neto Valter , da Silva Emery Flavio
Published: November 2013

The title compounds (III) are obtained by the underexplored epoxide‐opening reaction of 2,3‐epoxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone using aniline derivatives as nucleophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amino‐Substituted Indanes and Tetralins via Consecutive Multibond‐Forming Tandem Processes.
Authors: Grafton Mark W. , Farrugia Louis J. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: November 2013

Different indanes, tetralins and similarly their heteroaromatic analogues can be synthesized via two one‐pot tandem syntheses starting from alkyne‐derived allylic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted Picenes Through Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction/Annulation Sequences and Their Physicochemical Properties.
Authors: Chang Ning‐hui , Chen Xi‐chao , Nonobe Hikaru , Okuda Yasuhiro , Mori Hiroki , Nakajima Kiyohiko , Nishihara Yasushi
Published: November 2013

A two step sequence involving Suzuki—Miyaura coupling of halobenzene (I) with boronates (II) and subsequent intramolecular double cyclization provides picenes (IV) in low to moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Bis‐Cyclization/Dimerization Reactions of ω‐Aminovinyl Halides.
Authors: Khanna Avinash , Premachandra Ilandari Dewage U. A. , Sung Paul D. , Van Vranken David L.
Published: November 2013

A convenient one‐pot procedure is developed for the bis‐cyclization/dimerization of aminovinyl iodides.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated Fluorination, Trifluoromethylation, and Trifluoromethylthiolation of Arynes.
Authors: Wang Kung‐Pern , Yun Sang Young , Mamidipalli Phani , Lee Daesung
Published: November 2013

In contrast to established syntheses of related compounds, which utilize aromatic precursors the present approach starts from non‐aromatic building blocks exploiting the electrophilicity of arynes for ring closure and introduction of fluorine‐containing groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective One‐Step Synthesis of Pyrazoles from Alkynes and N‐Tosylhydrazones: [3 + 2] Dipolar Cycloaddition/[1,5] Sigmatropic Rearrangement Cascade.
Authors: Perez‐Aguilar M. Carmen , Valdes Carlos
Published: November 2013

A novel, simple, and general method for the synthesis of 3,4,5‐ and 1,3,5‐pyrazoles is very straightforward and applies readily available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Pyrazol‐5‐ones with Allylic Alcohols: The Role of the Chiral Phosphoric Acid in C—O Bond Cleavage and Stereocontrol.
Authors: Tao Zhong‐Lin , Zhang Wen‐Quan , Chen Dian‐Feng , Adele Arafate , Gong Liu‐Zhu
Published: November 2013

The combination of a palladium complex with a chiral phosphoramidite ligand and a chiral phosphoric acid enables the first highly efficient asymmetric allylic alkylation of pyrazolones with allylic alcohols, affording a series of functionalized heterocyclic products in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Oxyamination of Azlactones: Kinetic Resolution of Oxaziridines and Asymmetric Synthesis of Oxazolin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Dong Shunxi , Liu Xiaohua , Zhu Yin , He Peng , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming
Published: November 2013

The first example of oxyamination of azlactones with oxaziridines is realized using a chiral bisguanidinium salt with non‐coordinating anion.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of 3,5‐Disubstituted Isoxazole Derivatives Using Hydroxy (Tosyloxy) Iodobenzene.
Authors: Jadhav Ravindra D. , Mistry Hitesh D. Mistry Hitesh D. , Motiwala Hashim , Kadam Kishorkumar S. , Kandre Shivaji , Gupte Amol , Gangopadhyay Ashok K. , Sharma Rajiv
Published: November 2013

The reaction of aromatic aldoximes with aliphatic and aromatic alkynes in the presence of a hypervalent iodine reagent proceeds via an in situ generated reactive nitrile oxide intermediate to provide a direct access to disubstituted isoxazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Intramolecular N—S Bond Formation by Oxidative Dehydrogenative Cyclization.
Authors: Wang Zhen , Kuninobu Yoichiro , Kanai Motomu
Published: November 2013

The new reaction shows high functional group tolerance and can easily be scaled up.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyanide as a Powerful Catalyst for Facile Synthesis of Benzofused Heteroaromatic Compounds via Aerobic Oxidation.
Authors: Cho Yeon‐Ho , Lee Chun‐Young , Cheon Cheol‐Hong
Published: November 2013

A wide range of benzoxazoles is prepared from the Schiff bases or in a one‐pot manner from ortho‐aminophenols and aldehydes, generating the Schiff bases in situ.
ChemInform Abstract: Neber Approach to 2‐(Tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐2H‐azirines.
Authors: Cardoso Ana Lucia , Gimeno Lourdes , Lemos Americo , Palacios Francisco , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D.
Published: November 2013

The synthesis of novel tetrazolylaziridines bearing a phenyl or various heteroaryl‐substituents at C‐3 via the Neber reaction of β‐ketoxime tetrazole derivatives is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Michael Addition of 4H‐Thiopyran‐4‐one to Nitroolefins Catalyzed by Diamine Mono‐N‐sulfonamide and Its Application to Concise Synthesis of Enantiopure Multiring Heterocycles.
Authors: Mo Lei , Tang Huang , Yao Zhu‐Jun
Published: November 2013

The novel bipyrrolidine catalyst exhibits superior catalytic activity over traditional pyrrolidine catalysts and allows the synthesis of Michael adducts (III) with high levels of stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,3‐Di(2‐quinolyl)propane Derivatives via Tandem C(sp3)—H Functionalization.
Authors: Jin Jia‐jia , Wang Dong‐chao , Niu Hong‐ying , Wu Shan , Qu Gui‐rong , Zhang Zhong‐bo , Guo Hai‐ming
Published: November 2013

The reaction of the substituted 2‐methylquinoline derivatives with various aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes affords the target compounds in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Catellani ortho‐Arylation of Iodopyrroles: Rapid Total Synthesis of Rhazinal.
Authors: Sui Xianwei , Zhu Rui , Li Gencheng , Ma Xinna , Gu Zhenhua
Published: November 2013

A Pd‐catalyzed chemoselective Catellani reaction of iodopyrrole (I) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Facile Synthesis of Iminoquinazolinedione Derivatives by Solid‐State Diels—Alder Reaction under Catalyst‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Sarmah Manas M. , Bhuyan Debajyoti , Prajapati Dipak
Published: November 2013

In situ generated enimines undergo Diels—Alder reactions with morpholinovinyl‐ or dimethylaminovinyl substituted uracil derivatives, followed by elimination of the amino group and aromatization to give the title compounds (IV) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Fast Synthesis of Complex Enantiopure Heterocyclic Scaffolds by a Tandem Sequence of Simple Transformations on α‐Hydroxyaldehydes.
Authors: Cannillo Alexandre , Norsikian Stephanie , Retailleau Pascal , Dau Marie‐Elise Tran Huu , Iorga Bogdan I. , Beau Jean‐Marie
Published: November 2013

A novel sequence of tandem transformations, combining a first Petasis borono‐Mannich/intramolecular Diels—Alder transformation and subsequently a cross‐metathesis/conjugate addition reaction is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective One‐Pot Aminoborylation of Aldehydes: A Strategy for Construction of Nonracemic α‐Amino Boronates.
Authors: Hong Kai , Morken James P.
Published: November 2013

A strategy for the conversion of aldehydes to enantiomerically enriched α‐amino boronates through the intermediacy of in situ‐generated silylimines is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Highly Regioselective Phosphonation of Arenes Bearing Electron‐Withdrawing Groups.
Authors: Mao Xuerong , Ma Xiao , Zhang Shuwei , Hu Hongwen , Zhu Chengjian , Cheng Yixiang
Published: November 2013

The title reaction is performed with N,N‐dialkylbenzamides, N,N‐dialkylbenzenesulfonamides, and nitrobenzene (XII).
ChemInform Abstract: The Reactivity of Arylphosphorus Acid Amides under Birch Reduction Conditions.
Authors: Stankevic Marek , Wlodarczyk Adam , Nieckarz Damian
Published: November 2013

Arylphosphorus acid amides undergo generally two processes under Birch reduction conditions ‐ Birch reduction or cleavage of the P‐aryl bond.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvent‐Controlled Halo‐Selective Selenylation of Aryl Halides Catalyzed by Cu(II) Supported on Al2O3. A General Protocol for the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Organo Mono‐ and Bis‐selenides.
Authors: Chatterjee Tanmay , Ranu Brindaban C.
Published: November 2013

Moreover, the catalyst can be reused up to seven times without significant loss in activity.