bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explaining Health Anxiety in Patients after Open Heart Surgery: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sarhadi Mahdieh , Rigi Fatemeh , Abdollahyar Asma
Published: October 2024

Background: Health anxiety is one of the most prevalent psychological reactions observed in patients after open heart surgery. Thus, the present study was conducted to explain health anxiety in these patients. Methods: In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 patients with a history of open heart surgery in educational hospitals affiliated to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 2023-2024. The interviews were immediately transcribed and underwent conventional content analysis. MAXQDA 2022 software was used for data categorization and data were also analyzed using the method proposed by Lundman and Graneheim. Results: According to the current study results, open heart surgery can lead to health anxiety among patients. This anxiety appears as mental turmoil, ineffective psychological reactions to the disease, pathological search for information and treatment, and the incidence of mood disorders. Conclusion: The results of the present research demonstrate that open heart surgery is a stressor and patients develop health anxiety after surgery. Hence, it is suggested that hospitals pay attention to patients’ health anxiety in their educational programs, consultations, and rehabilitation programs and design and implement influential psychological interventions in the form of standard protocols to be used at the level of hospitals and cardiac rehabilitation centers.
Perception of the City Outskirts Women on the Barriers to Healthy Eating: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hajipoor Mojtaba , Saghi Effat , Hajhoseini Omalbanin , Esbouchin Sajedeh , Hajzadeh Mohammad , Zakerian Mohsen , Taghipour Ali , Roudi Fatemeh
Published: October 2024

Background: A crucial prerequisite for managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors is community experiences and perceptions about the challenges of unhealthy eating. On the other hand, there is no literature on nutritional literacy in the city›s outskirts, which are the vulnerable parts of society. Thus, this study aimed to examine the barriers to healthy nutrition for resident women in low-income areas of Mashhad. Methods: This qualitative study used 28 women as a representative sample of the residents of marginalized areas of Mashhad in Iran. Data collection was conducted using interviews between 2021 and 2022. Data analysis was done using a content analysis approach (open and selective coding). Results: The most critical obstacles related to healthy eating were listed as follows: (a) low income, high expenses or expensive, (b) incorrect habits or lack of awareness, (c) food preferences, (d) lack of feeling of necessity and insufficient motivation, (e) lack of convenient access in the area, and (f) illness or physical condition. However, participants stated economic, social, and cultural issues as the main barriers to choosing healthy food among residents of low-income areas. Conclusion: This study identified the main barriers to a healthy diet in marginal areas. Overcoming these obstacles can be a strategy for local and national planning to deal with NCDs.
Alcohol Consumption and its Predictors among Medical Sciences Students in the Southeast of Iran
Authors: Danaei Mina , Pourbeheshtfar Sadegh , Momeni Mohsen
Published: October 2024

Background: There is increasing concern about the use of alcohol by medical science students in the world. This study aimed to assess the frequency and related factors of alcohol consumption among Kerman University of Medical Sciences students. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2020 on students from the Kerman University of Medical Sciences using the Quota sampling method. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used in this study, which included alcohol use frequency, sociodemographic characteristics, and alcohol use behaviors. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, which used multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Lifetime, last-year, and last-month prevalence of alcohol use was 41.15%, 37.61%, and 15.91%, respectively. We found a significant association between older age (OR=1.61, P<0.001), male gender (OR=3.12, P=0.001), single marital status (OR=5.07, P=0.001), living in a dormitory (OR=2.97, P=0.025), non-governmental father’s job (OR=3.57, P=0.008), mother’s education level of 13 – 16 year (OR=6.69, P=0.013) and less than 13 years (OR=6.27, P=0.013), and high socioeconomic status (OR=2.38, P=0.019) with lifetime alcohol use. Conclusion: The prevalence of alcohol use among medical sciences students was high in this study, and alcohol use prevention programs should be designed and implemented for at-risk groups, including older students, male students, those living in dormitories, single students, good socioeconomic status, students with non-governmental father’s job and mothers’ low-level education.
Flaxseed extract: A potential therapeutic intervention for type-2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk reduction in Wistar rats
Authors: Hasimun Patonah , Kusriani Herni , Mulyani Yani , Syaumi Nurasyfa
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects millions of people worldwide, highlighting the importance of dietary interventions. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) has shown promise in treating chronic metabolic diseases. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of flaxseed as an antidiabetic agent and its protective effect on cardiovascular diseases. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal fed with drug carrier group (N), diabetes with drug carrier group (D), diabetes with metformin (M) group (D+M), and diabetes with flaxseed extract doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg (D+F1 and D+F2) groups. The diabetic rat model was established by administration of drinking water containing 25% fructose and a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg alloxan. After a six-week intervention, the rats were sacrificed to assess the antidiabetic and cardiovascular effects. Results: The doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg flaxseed extract significantly reduced body weight and fasting glucose levels and increased insulin sensitivity index (KITT) compared to the diabetes group (P<0.05). In addition, histological analysis showed a significant improvement and increase in pancreatic beta cells in the treatment group compared to the diabetes group (P<0.05). Flaxseed extract doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced weight gain and insulin resistance, contributing to decreased arterial stiffness and atherogenic index compared to the diabetic group (P<0.05). The hypoglycemic effect suggested a dose-dependent response. Conclusion: Flaxseed extract regulates blood glucose levels probably by enhancing insulin sensitivity and revitalizing damaged pancreatic beta cells. It mitigates cardiovascular risk, by reducing arterial stiffness and atherogenicity.
Salivary Levels of Interleukin-23 in Iranian Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Tadayon Ali , Moayedi Javad , Nazarinia Mohamad Ali , Baghayifar Zahra , Mardani Maryam
Published: October 2024

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by diffuse fibrosis and vascular abnormalities in the skin and internal organs. Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that can enhance the expansion of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and thus plays a critical role in many inflammatory autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to assess the salivary IL-23 levels in Iranian patients with SSc compared to healthy individuals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, unstimulated saliva samples (5 cc) were collected from 88 SSc patients and 88 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. The salivary levels of IL-23 in the saliva samples were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Results: The mean salivary levels of IL-23 in the patient group were significantly higher than in the control subjects (164.5±22.1 ng/L vs. 95.8±15.7 ng/L, P<0.0001). In SSc patients, the salivary IL-23 levels were significantly elevated in ACA-positive compared to ACA-negative participants (179.8±11.2 ng/L vs. 144.3±15.7 ng/L, P<0.0001). However, IL-23 was not associated with gender or age (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that IL-23 is associated with the pathogenesis of SSc; therefore, this pro-inflammatory cytokine is not only a valuable supportive biomarker for monitoring the disease progression but also blocking IL-23 could be considered a potential therapeutic target, especially in early SSc. Further comprehensive studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Rights Quest: A Game for Child Rights Awareness
Authors: Ensmann Suzanne
Published: October 2024

The interactive video game "A Way Home!" is a serious game for promoting pro-social change by raising awareness of children's rights, as outlined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child treaty. All countries except the United States have ratified this treaty. Through a collaborative effort, faculty and students developed this game using an open-source platform to create an immersive first-person video game experience to disseminate crucial knowledge about children's rights and the need for ratification. Game design guides players through real-world comparative scenarios depicting environments that support or do not support those fundamental rights. Through engaging gameplay and storytelling, iterative development processes facilitated the game's effectiveness in conveying complex concepts, such as the distinction between rights and responsibilities. The significance of children's fundamental rights, such as access to food, a safe, clean home, the right to speech, and freedom of expression, as enshrined in the CRC, are emphasized by juxtaposing different environments and depicting the consequences of choices. Grounded upon the Diffusion of Innovations theory (Rogers 2010), the first step to adopting cultural change is education. Using gameplay elements, including rewards for positive choices and learner guidance instructions, "A Way Home!" rights quest motivates players to explore and understand the principles of children's rights. The player wins the game when they achieve the goal of being heard in a court of law. By combining education with entertainment, the game aims to inspire empathy and foster understanding, with the ultimate goal of teaching about the need for ratification of the CRC Treaty in the U.S. and empowering players to take action and advocate for children's rights. This paper depicts the methodology involving participants (n=17) from one southeastern university in the States to capture qualitative and quantitative feedback through a perception survey to evaluate the first demo model. Results support advancing data collection for the next version developed using virtual reality (V.R.) headsets to further immerse the learners in the experience.
Pilot Study: Engineering Students Use Generative AI to support the development of playful educational technology
Authors: Majgaard Gunver
Published: October 2024

This qualitative pilot study provides an example of how generative Artificial Intelligences (GenAI) can be applied in an engineering course focused on the development of playful educational technology. In this context, playful educational technology refers to games or game-like applications designed for educational purposes. We explore various applications of GenAI in creative design processes such as brainstorming, acting as a collaborative partner in design, facilitating image and sound creation, and aiding in the resolution of coding challenges. By examining examples from 36 engineering students' semester-long projects, we highlight the potential and drawbacks of GenAI as an extra teammate in enhancing the design process for developing educational game-based learning experiences. Key findings from the study include: The students opted to use a GenAI as a teammate, whose input required validation. They employed GenAI in areas where they found it effective and where no major ethical issues were involved. It was also surprising to observe the wide variety of AI tools the students incorporated.
Play with Purpose: A Heuristic Approach to Evaluating Tabletop Serious Games for Academic Integrity Education
Authors: Bunt Lance , Bunt Byron , Pelser-Carstens Veruschka , Matthew Gordon
Published: October 2024

This article introduces a heuristic evaluation of CiteSaga, a tabletop serious game designed to enhance skills in referencing and citation, crucial for academic writing in higher education. We detail the application and outcomes of a novel heuristic evaluation framework tailored for tabletop serious games, dubbed "Play with Purpose." This framework is distinguished by its focus on eight essential categories: Learning Experience, Utility, Game Features, Social Dynamics, Adaptability, Learning and Feedback, Play Experience, and Accessibility, marking a significant contribution to the evaluation of non-digital game-based learning tools. Furthermore, we delve into the insights gained from participatory design sessions with students, aimed at evaluating CiteSaga's component appeal and game mechanics. The paper culminates in a discussion on how student feedback has informed subsequent iterations of CiteSaga, underscoring the critical role of heuristic evaluations in refining game-based learning experiences. Our findings not only advance understanding of empirical evaluation methodologies for tabletop serious games but also provide a valuable framework for future research and development in educational game design.
Repositioning Vulnerable Youth Through Educational Esports Programmes
Authors: Jensen Erik Ottar , Hanghøj Thorkild , Bukovica Gundersen Peter
Published: October 2024

A growing number of young Danes experience a drop in well-being as well as there is an increase in diagnoses such as ADHD and autism. These challenges are often linked with school refusal and an increasing need for special education programmes. Since 2007, selected vulnerable youth (age 16-25) have been offered an alternative to regular youth education called Specially Planned Youth Education (Særligt Tilrettelagt Ungdomsuddannelse or STU). More than 30% of students attending STUs are diagnosed with autism or ADHD. The purpose of this paper is to explore the learning potentials of esports educational programmes with this specific target group. The study presents data from an ongoing research project entitled “Esports as learning space and gateway for vulnerable youth at STU”, which is supported by the Velux Foundation and currently in its second year while looking to finalise in 2026. More specifically, we analyse data from ten interviews conducted with vulnerable youth at three STUs, who participate in educational esports activities with commercial multiplayer games, primarily League of Legends, Counter-Strike or Valorant. The interviews concern the students’ gaming interests, their experiences with attending the esports programmes, and their perceived learning outcomes. All interview data have been coded and analysed using thematic analysis. Patterns and recurring themes in the data have been sought after based on questions of how students perceive themselves, what activities they engage in during esports education, and what the potential learning outcomes of the education are. Drawing on Dialogical Self Theory, we analyse and discuss the students’ different I-positions and identify possible transformations made possible through the STU activities, which aim to support students in obtaining an autonomous and meaningful adult life. Our preliminary findings show that students generally have more positive experiences at the STU’s than at their previous education. This includes adopting different I-positions that are more committed to a community than what they experience in their leisure gaming.
Fostering Inclusivity and Creativity: A Card Game for Color Perception and Inclusion
Authors: Escudeiro Paula , Gouveia Márcia
Published: October 2024

The gaming industry has undergone a dramatic transformation in recent years, with inclusivity emerging as a core value in the development of new games. Despite these efforts, there remains a gap in the inclusivity of visually impaired individuals in gaming. This paper seeks to address this gap by asking: How can game design enhance colour perception and inclusivity for visually impaired players? The industry has recognized the importance of addressing the needs of individuals with diverse needs and abilities and has responded with innovative approaches aimed at creating games that are accessible to all. One such approach is the development of a card game that has been meticulously designed to stimulate color perception and promote the inclusion of visually impaired individuals. Chroma Harmony is a pioneering mobile application meticulously crafted to facilitate users' understanding of color concepts and the outcomes of different color combinations. Its primary aim is to promote inclusivity by offering features tailored to individuals with visual impairments. Leveraging the innovative ColorADD system, it revolutionizes the perception and communication of color, thereby paving the way for enhanced participation in gaming among those with vision impairments. Its main objective is to paint a cube by combining cards in the player's possession to achieve the closest or exact combination to the objective. With each move, a new card is presented, challenging players to choose the best one to achieve their goals and improve their color perception abilities. By the end of the game, players will have a better understanding of how colors are combined, preparing them for real-world scenarios. Furthermore, the game features a multiplayer mode to foster a sense of community and healthy competition among players. This multiplayer mode not only promotes inclusivity but also provides an opportunity for players to collaborate and challenge each other fostering community sense. In terms of competencies and skills, this game aims to develop several key abilities in its users such as the ability to identify colors, the ability to combine different colors effectively and the necessary motivation and drive for results. By focusing on these competencies and skills, Chroma Harmony strives to provide a comprehensive and engaging experience for all players, regardless of their abilities or background. This study highlights the ongoing challenge in the gaming industry to enhance accessibility and inclusivity, especially for visually impaired individuals, while also standing as a testament to the industry's commitment to inclusivity and innovation, pushing the boundaries of what is possible in gaming.
Reaching Student Engagement by Balancing Gamification and Challenges in the Minor Serious Gaming
Authors: Spil Ton , Hagenaars Peter
Published: October 2024

This study originated from a Senior University Teaching Qualification on student engagement that withstanding many efforts on problem and challenge based education still is a concern. Within the minor Serious Gaming, third year students (n=35) where studied with mixed methods with the main question how to improve student engagement with challenges in serious gaming? First, a systematic literature study led to a new definition of student engagement: Student engagement is a multi-faceted concept that involves the interplay of various factors, including behavior, motivation, challenges, and autonomy. Then a pretest was done with last year’s teaching team, a motivational survey and general evaluation survey was done and a focus group with group representatives was created. This led to two main interventions, a gamified business modelling workshop and direct feedback loops. From a gamification point of view, rewards are the best intervention but we could not implement them in this year’s course. The value of this study is in understanding the complexity of student engagement. Improvement of engagement is possible with gamification, challenges and direct feedback. This study confirms that a high autonomy leads to a high engagement, future study has to be done with courses with low autonomy.
The Impact of Language and Social Communication on the Sense of Belonging among International Students Using ScLINGO Application
Authors: Ismail Nashwa , Sherlock David , Rylance-Graham Rebecca , McKinnell Stephen , Pountney Mark
Published: October 2024

The UK's Higher Education landscape embraces global diversity, with the country ranking second as a destination for international students. However, limited research attention has been given to understanding the challenges faced by these students, particularly regarding language proficiency and cultural adaptation, which affect their sense of belonging. This study aims to address these challenges by investigating the impact of ScLINGO, a web-based gaming platform, on enhancing language skills and fostering social integration among international students, including those studying to become health professionals. Drawing on existing literature, the study seeks to fill this gap and promote sociocultural adaptation through a digital gamified language-learning tool. ScLINGO offers personalized bingo cards and interactive language exercises to familiarize players with everyday phrases and enhance language proficiency, encouraging both independent learning and collaborative interaction. The study navigates through three phases of game development, informed by insights and feedback from practitioners, students, and technology developers. By promoting cross-cultural competence and communication, the study aims to create a more inclusive higher education environment. ScLINGO's pilot phase addresses the rationale behind the game, building-up phases, and stakeholder feedback, anticipating its role in addressing cross-cultural maladjustment and facilitating effective support mechanisms for international students. Ultimately, the findings aim to contribute to the development
Erken Açılan Davanın Dava Şartı Kavramı Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Ulugün Furkan
Published: October 2024

Roma Hukuku’ndan farklı olarak, günümüzde usul kanunları, eda davası, tespit davası ve inşai dava yollarıyla farklı hukuki koruma türlerini kabul etmiştir. Maddi hukuk ve usul hukukunun ayrılığının sonucu olarak, alacaklının, borçludan bir şeyi vermesini, yapmasını veya yapmamasını istemek için dava açmasına gerek yoktur. Ancak kişini bu talebini doğrudan davaya konu etmesi ve alacağını ilamlı icra yoluyla elde etmek istemesi de mümkündür. Kural olarak, ilamlı icranın dayanağı olan ilamı da bir eda davası açarak elde edebilir. Bazı hallerde ise alacaklı, henüz talep hakkı mevcut olmamasına rağmen, eda davası açarak, talep hakkının doğacağı tarihten itibaren icra edilebilir bir eda hükmü elde etmek isteyebilir. İşte bu durumlarda davanın, mahkemece kabul edilmesine izin verilip verilemeyeceği ve her iki ihtimalde de bunun dayanağının ne olduğu sorusu bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bu sorunun cevabı aranacak ve bunun incelenmesinde usul kanunumuzun etkilendiği yabancı hukuk sistemleri de değerlendirilecektir.
Funding Strategies used by Hispanic Churches in South Florida
Authors: Gomez Dr. Jose
Published: October 2024

The congregations in the United States need help with attendance. A decline in church membership results in a decrease in funds. This unfavorable effect on the institution's finances can affect the congregation's operations. This article seeks to assess and recommend a funding strategy for Hispanic Churches in South Florida. Correspondingly, Churches and other faith-based institutions require solid financial management to attain financial sustainment. Congregation administrators should focus on external and internal factors, financial planning, and developing and maintaining collaborations with external entities to grow their finances.
LARGE-SCALE LANDSLIDES DUE TO SALINE WATER PLUME INTRUSION - AN EXAMPLE OF THE OKIMI LANDSLIDE IN NIIGATA PREFECTURE, JAPAN
Authors: Watanabe Naoki , Sato Hisanori , Furuya Gen
Published: October 2024

Large-scale landslides with volumes ranging from tens to hundreds of millions of m3 are scattered throughout Niigata Prefecture, Japan. There is no accepted theory, although many researchers have argued about the mechanism of these landslides. Highly concentrated Na-Cl type groundwater (hereafter called "saline water") has often been found in large-scale landslides in Niigata Prefecture. In addition, the observation wells where saline water occurs are sometimes flowing wells. We also pay special attention to the distribution of landslide-prone areas and oil and gas fields in Niigata Prefecture, which generally overlap, and saline water from landslides is originally fossil seawater such as oil-brine based on geochemical characteristics. On the other hand, anomalous high-pressure reservoirs at depths of more than 1,000 m in oil and gas fields have been known since the 1960s and are possible saline water sources. We believe saline water's behavior is key to better understanding the mechanism of large-scale landslides. The Okimi landslide, this research area, is located in the Kamiya area, Joetsu City, western part of Niigata Prefecture, Japan. The aspect of the active body is about 500 m wide and 1,500 m long, with an area of about 70 ha. The bedrock geology is mainly Neogene unconsolidated mudstone. According to previous studies, saline water has been detected in observation wells at the head of this landslide. Since the geological formation containing saline water has a considerably low resistivity value (≤ 2.0 Ωm), the CSMT method is best suited for electromagnetic exploration to visualize the resistivity up to 1,000 m depth. The survey results confirm the existence of a saline water plume rising from a "saline water chamber" located 100 to 300 m below the western side of this landslide to the bottom of this landslide (at a depth of about 30 m). The presence of the saline water plume suggests that the upwelling of saline water from the anomalous high-pressure reservoir (saline water chamber) is closely related to several large-scale landslides.
ROCK SLOPE STABILITY ASSESSMENT WITH PROPOSAL OF GEOTECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR UNSTABLE PARTS
Authors: Jug Jasmin , Grabar Kristijan , Strelec Stjepan , Bek Anja
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the lack of construction land in attractive locations, especially in urban areas, has posed increasing challenges to designers and builders. That is why projects for the construction pit protection and ensuring the permanent slopes stability are increasingly present in geotechnical engineering. This paper presents a practical example from the initial phase of the commercial building construction in a rock cut at the entrance to Vrbnik, island of Krk. Due to the lack of construction space, and the floor plan placement of the building itself and accompanying contents, the construction project planned the implementation of an almost vertical rock slope in the background of the main object. To be able to propose a conceptual solution that would ensure the permanent stability of the mentioned rock slope, during the excavation phase of the construction pit (cut), a geodetic survey of the found condition and a geotechnical-geological prospecting of the rock mass were performed. The purpose of the investigation was to determine the condition of the slope, along with detecting the quality zones of the rock mass according to different engineering classifications, and with the aim of proposing techniques that need to protect certain parts of the slope. As proof of the permanent stability of the slope, for the established parameters of the rock mass and the proposed geometry and protection techniques, a stability analysis was carried out for characteristic cross-sections.
USE OF GEOSYNTHETICS FOR DEWATERING, CONTAINEMENT AND DISPOSAL OF MINING SLUDGE
Authors: Carbone Laura , Bakrač Marija , Dobrić Vitomir
Published: October 2024

Whether it is sludge produced by the technological process of flotation, sludge tailings or sludge produced in another process, which contains pollutants such as heavy metals, it is necessary to dispose it in a controlled manner to reduce the risk for contamination of environment.
Mining sludge has been disposed in open basins for decades, recently with measures taken to reduce the possibility of leakage or spillage of toxic contents into the environment.
Reduction of the space for permanent disposal of sludge and significant reduction of the risk of spreading contamination is achieved using geosynthetics. In this paper, we will present the concept of dewatering and permanent storage of mining sludge in woven geotextile tubes, as well as the concept of using geosynthetic materials for the safe closure of mining sludge lagoons. Both concepts presented in the paper are accompanied by one case study.
BI-DIRECTIONAL STATIC LOAD TESTING
Authors: Boroczky Szilard
Published: October 2024

A full-scale static load testing program can optimise many of the requirements in terms of costs and remove uncertainties. The bi-directional load testing method, by eliminating the reaction structures of the traditional top-down testing methodology, opens up unseen possibilities of the testing program in the most efficient, safe, and cost-effective manner for all types of foundations, particularly for larger test loads. The benefits of using bi-directional load tests and how effective they are will be described in the paper. The revolutionary bi-directional static load testing method has also a significant side effect of reducing CO2 emissions for such tests by up to 80%.
ANALYSIS OF EXPERIENCE IN THE PREVENTION AND ELIMINATION OF RABIES IN EUROPE
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Padilo Larisa Pavlovna , Gusev Artur Andreevich ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Agoltsov Valery Aleksandrovich ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Biryukova Oksana Petrovna ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

Rabies is an infectious disease of viral etiology with a fatal outcome for all types of non-immunized warm-blooded animals, including humans. The virus is mainly transmitted through bites or other contact with the saliva or blood of an infected animal, and symptoms appear when the virus reaches the brain. In the European Union (EU), where mass vaccination of cats and dogs has helped eliminate rabies in domestic animals, the disease is still circulating in a population of susceptible animals in the wild. Foxes and raccoon dogs are the main reservoir and source of the rabies pathogen in Europe, for this reason these two species of animals are targeted for vaccination campaigns. Europe's step-by-step approach to combating rabies in dogs and wild animals has proved that the disease can be controlled and eliminated from an animal source. 90% of EU funding for the eradication of rabies is spent on oral immunization (the purchase of vaccines and their distribution by aviation), while the remaining funds go to sampling and testing in order to monitor and control the effectiveness of vaccination. Uncontrolled border crossing by animals infected with the rabies virus from border disadvantaged countries makes it difficult to eradicate the disease on the territory of the EU. Within the framework of approved programs, the EU funded oral immunization against rabies among wild animals in buffer zones on the territories of non-EU countries. The risk of the spread of non-compliant vaccine baits is reduced due to regular testing of vaccine titers in all batches at the end of the storage period, but before their layout. To monitor the effectiveness and progress of oral vaccination in EU countries, samples are taken from foxes to check whether they have eaten the bait (and, consequently, the vaccine) and whether they are immune to the rabies virus. The goal is to take samples from 4 foxes from 100 km2, evenly distributed over the area of the vaccination zone.
EFFICIENCY OF ZIRCON AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN STIMULATING GROWTH PROCESSES IN CUCUMBER CULTURE PLANTS
Authors:   Pacific State University, Trifonova Tatiana Mikhailovna , Nuyandina Alina Aleksandrovna ,   Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of studies of growth processes on cucumber culture plants of various varieties. The purpose of the study is to identify the most effective ways to stimulate the growth and development of cucumber plants recommended for cultivation in the Khabarovsk Territory. The research was carried out on the plantings of the studied culture of the following varieties: Handsome Hikmet, Window-balcony, A boy with a finger F1, Barrel salting. The methods of observations, descriptions and experiments, as well as the comparative method are used in the work. Cucumber plants of the Handsome Hikmet variety were not susceptible to the action of the drugs zircon and hydrogen peroxide. A comparative analysis of the use of biological means in the general technology of growing cucumber culture revealed the high efficiency of hydrogen peroxide as a means of stimulating the processes of growth and development. The germination of seeds previously soaked in a solution of hydrogen peroxide was on average 15% higher than that of the seeds of the control variant, the seeds of which were soaked in water. In open ground conditions, the germination rate using hydrogen peroxide was on average 25% higher than the control variant. Under laboratory conditions, the yield of plants grown using hydrogen peroxide is significantly higher than the yield of plants of the control variant by an average of 1 kg/bush. The greatest reliable increase in yield was noted in open ground conditions using hydrogen peroxide and averaged 1 kg/bush. The most effective was the technology of growing crops in the conditions of the closed ground of the Krasnorechensk state farm, as well as the open ground of the village of Voskhod using hydrogen peroxide. Taking into account the minimum harvest volumes collected by us, the average cost of cucumbers, taking into account all necessary costs, will be about 19.5 rubles/kg.
ENGINEERING AND GEODETIC SURVEYS FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREPARING DESIGN DOCUMENTATION FOR A LINEAR FACILITY
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Pshidatok Saida Kazbekovna , Turk Gennady Gissovich ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Sarksyan Larisa Dmitrievna ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Lukyanova Margarita Sergeevna ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin
Published: October 2024

Engineering and geodetic surveys in the modern world have become an integral part of any construction. Most often they are used when laying linear objects, being the basis of the design process for them. The authors of the article on the example of the Sakhalin-1 project. Stage 2 development. Field gas pipeline BP Chayvo - BKP Chayvo” reviewed the process of engineering and geodetic surveys for the preparation of design documentation for a linear facility. First of all, the order of actions was planned and methods for achieving the set goal were chosen. Thus, 8 main stages of work have been identified, thanks to which it is possible to obtain a complete picture of the area, which includes the relief, the existing layout, and buildings and structures. At the first stages, it was decided to study the existing geodetic base, which is the basis for the creation of a satellite geodetic density network. Further actions were the implementation of the creation of a network of base stations, a geodetic network of identification marks and control points. The role of laser scanning in engineering and geodetic surveys has long been known and is of great importance in carrying out such work. In this case, obtaining the initial data for compiling topographic plans is carried out through airborne laser scanning and aerial photography. As a result of a complex of works on aerial laser scanning and aerial photography, materials called images are created. In the process of cameral work, the images are deciphered, and then a topographic plan of the area, a digital terrain model and a digital terrain model are compiled. Thus, thanks to the implementation of a set of works through engineering and geodetic surveys, an engineering and topographic plan of the area was obtained with all the necessary characteristics for compiling project documentation for the project being implemented.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY TO DETECT BRAIN TUMORS IN DOGS
Authors:   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Kononova Anastasia Vladimirovna
Published: October 2024

The analysis of scientific literature sources demonstrates that intracranial neoplasms in dogs are a well-studied pathology, while today there is an urgent problem of developing and improving their diagnosis, since there are difficulties in conducting research. Based on a systematic literature review, it can be concluded that computed tomography is an effective diagnostic method for detecting brain tumors in dogs, but it needs to be studied. In the course of the study, such methods as ranking, hypothetical-deductive method, generalization, formalization, systematic literary analysis, content analysis, comparative analysis, systematization, computed tomography were used. It was revealed that computed tomography showed good visualization of the parenchyma of the brain, ventricles and pituitary gland, all the visualized formations had well-defined contours, the definition of their boundaries did not cause difficulties. During the comparative analysis, it was revealed that computed tomography has a worse sensitivity to healthy brain tissue and non-tumor diseases compared to magnetic resonance imaging, however, this method is more sensitive for the diagnosis of intracranial neoplasms. High sensitivity to bone tissue, coupled with high-dose intravenous contrast, provide extensive visual capabilities of computed tomography to detect brain tumors in dogs. Thus, computed tomography can be used as a screening method due to the high speed of the study and the low, relative to MRI, cost of the study, as well as as a clarifying method. However, the ideal solution is to combine computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
PUMPING STATIONS AS PART OF POLDER MELIORATION SYSTEMS
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Beglyarov David Surenovich , Sukharev Yuri Ivanovich ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Ali Munzer Suleiman ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev
Published: October 2024

The multifaceted solution of agricultural production issues is successfully combined with the interests of environmental protection when creating polders. As you know, a polder is a drained and cultivated low-lying section of the coast of a water body (sea, river, lake), protected from flooding by the waters of surrounding water bodies with the help of ramparts, dams and other hydraulic structures. The groundwater level in the polders is regulated by drainage devices, mainly with pumping out of water by pumping stations. Drainage with mechanical drainage minimizes the work on regulating water intakes, minimizes disturbances in the natural regime of natural water bodies, and prevents overdrying of adjacent areas. In addition, lakeside and riverside polders perform anti-flood functions. The article presents a method for determining the supply of polder pumping stations, taking into account the runoff modulus, the conditions for the removal of melt water from spring floods and other components of the water balance. The possibility of installation at the pumping station, in addition to centrifugal and axial pumps, of capsule units is shown. The paper notes that the hydraulic structures on the polders are reclamation structures that are distinguished by a specific mode of operation and design.
THEORETICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE ENGINE OIL HEATING PROCESS IN THE CRANKCASE SUMP OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
Authors:   Saratov State Technical University named after Gagarina Yu.A., Balberov Roman Vladimirovich
Published: October 2024

The need to preheat an internal combustion engine (ICE) before starting is an urgent problem in the automotive industry. Preheaters of various types are designed to solve this problem and avoid premature failure of the internal combustion engine. Starting heaters are used both in automobile and freight transport, but also in agricultural transport (loaders, combines, tractors, etc.). Each type of heater has its own characteristics. In the electric preheater of the internal combustion engine, a heating element (heater, heater plug, plate, plug) is used, which heats the oil in the engine crankcase pan or coolant. The degree of heating of the heating element and the electrical power consumed have a certain functional dependence with changes in the temperature field. That is why it is possible to determine with high accuracy the time of oil or coolant heating by measuring the temperature field along the heater axis. The purpose of this work is a theoretical description of the mathematical model of the engine oil heating process in the crankcase sump of an internal combustion engine. The paper analyzes the processes that occur when engine oil is heated in the internal combustion engine, marks the main parameter (heat transfer coefficient), which needs to be searched for, analyzes mathematical models, and marks the main parameters. A theoretical description of the heat transfer process is presented, on the basis of which a mathematical model of the engine oil heating process in the crankcase sump of an internal combustion engine is developed.
IMPROVING THE PATENCY OF MULTI-SUPPORT SPRINKLER MACHINES
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Solovyov Dmitry Aleksandrovich , Ryzhko Nikolay Fedorovich ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation, Ryzhko Sergey Nikolaevich ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation, Smirnov Evgeny Stanislavovich ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation
Published: October 2024

Studies have found that standard circular irrigation sprinklers installed on multi-support sprinklers cause the formation of a deep track on the field, which increases the power to move the machine, leads to bogies slipping and a decrease in machine performance. It is proposed to install sector nozzles or near-surface sprinkler devices with contour irrigation nozzles on the pipeline of the "Frigate" sprinkler machines in the area of the trolleys, which reduce and exclude the ingress of irrigation water under the wheels of the trolleys. For electrified truss sprinkler machines, two variants of near-surface sprinkling devices have been developed, which are installed on the water outlets closest to the trolleys and on the short pipes of the trolleys. Devices of near-surface sprinkling have the ability to adjust the height of the installation of sprinkler nozzles from 1.5 to 3 m above the soil surface, which reduces the height of the rain cloud rise by 0.5-1.5 m from the surface of plants. The wind load is reduced and the flight time of raindrops is reduced, which increases the uniformity of watering in the wind and reduces water losses for evaporation and demolition. The use of near-surface sprinkling devices in the area of trolleys with contour (sector) irrigation nozzles reduces the depth of the track by the end of the irrigation season from 25-30 cm to 7-12 cm and increases the productivity of sprinkler machines, tractor units and harvesting equipment.
THE INFLUENCE OF WATER STRESS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Hadjidi Alexander Panteleevich , Prikhodko Igor Aleksandrovich ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Romanova Anna Sergeevna ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: October 2024

The lack of water in the soil is a serious detrimental factor for plants, which has a negative impact on their development. We can even say that this is the most harmful factor among the others. The resulting water shortage in the soil leads to water stress of plants, which in turn adversely affects their growth. If no decisions are made to eliminate the water deficit, it will lead to the death of the plant. Taking into account that plants are divided into highly resistant and weakly resistant to water stress, we decided to experimentally study which indicators are affected by water stress among weakly resistant plants using the example of an agricultural crop such as rice. Rice is a very moisture–loving grain crop and the water shortage for this crop becomes a huge problem, since the key to the quantity and quality of the crop is the optimal water regime. Optimization of the water regime prevents rice diseases, as well as prevents waterlogging and other negative changes in the soil and environment. The adaptation of this grain crop to water stress is quite an interesting and relevant topic for study, since rice belongs to crops that are weakly resistant to drought. In the article presented to the readers, the attitude of rice to the irrigation regime was studied and analyzed, as well as the impact of water stress on some physiological and biochemical indicators of rice development and its productivity. Experiments are shown in which the influence of six rice irrigation options was studied, which include constant flooding, drainage, flooding with drying of the soil for a certain period of time. The data of the absorbing surface of rice roots depending on the water regime are presented, and the influence of the water regime on the activity of rice roots in the soil, the effect of water stress on the proline content in rice leaves, etc. is shown.
CLUSTER POLICY AS THE BASIS OF THE CONCEPT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Trade, Tajik State University of Commerce, Komarova Galina Borisovna , Azizova Shoira Gufronovna ,   Tajik State University of Commerce
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the process of forming clusters in the regions as a support for a favorable basis for effective interaction between scientific and educational institutions, business and government structures, as well as the development of the innovative economy of the Republic of Tajikistan and the role of entrepreneurship and clusters in this process. Particular attention is paid to public-private partnership, its forms of support, business entities with an innovative orientation of their activities. The multiplier effect of clustering is studied, which is based on the potential of the region, taking into account the interests of institutional entities, the consolidation of resources of enterprises, organizations included in the cluster, the development of various forms of public-private partnership. Modern trends in the socio-economic development of the Republic of Tajikistan in the context of the implementation of market reforms aimed at creating an innovative economy are characterized by a number of problems in the development of business structures: resource constraints, imperfection of the legal and regulatory framework, high tax burden, etc. The main characteristics are determined. cluster-oriented policy of the region, which include: the development of the practice of public-private partnership, the introduction of a strategic management system, the development of marketing relationships, etc. The introduction and development of cluster policy in modern conditions will make it possible to overcome negative trends in the economy, use foreign experience in ensuring sustainable rates of economic development and improvement of the level and quality of life of the population of the republic. In conclusion, measures are proposed to enhance the innovative activity of trade enterprises.