bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local reinforcement of titanium sheet by means of GTAW droplet deposition for threaded connections
Authors: Vanhove H.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Making threaded connections to thin metal sheets requires locally thickening of the sheet in order to provide enough thread length for a structurally sound connection. Shaped Metal Deposition processes like Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) allow to locally build-up material in order to provide thickness for a sufficient length of thread engagement. This publication describes the research towards local thickening of a titanium sheet by means of pulsed Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) droplet deposition, aimed at creating threaded holes for thin shelled bone fracture fixation plates. The influence of current, weld time and amount of filler material on droplet diameter and height is studied.
Basic characterization of the CF-PEKK prepreg and laminates for low temperature applications
Authors: POLNIKORN Purith
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This paper investigates a carbon fibre-reinforced polyetherketoneketone (CF-PEKK) thermoplastic composite used for low-temperature applications like hydrogen tank applications. The degree of crystallinity of the prepreg as received first and then consolidated after hot press has been investigated. The melting temperature and glass transition, as well as the melting enthalpy and degree of crystallinity, were also studied by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). The fibre volume fraction and void content after consolidation have been measured by acid digestion and an optical microscopy image analysis. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) was also used in order the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) to be determined. Tensile and compressive Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)test were performed. Storage modulus, loss modulus, and Tan δ relationship have thus been analysed. Multifrequency DMA experiments have been conducted in order to create the master curve thanks to the time-temperature superposition (TTS).
Thermoplastic pultrusion of recycled PET matrix composites
Authors: TUCCI F.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Recently, many industry sectors are investigating safe ways to replace conventional materials by adopting thermoplastic matrix composites. Indeed, the adoption of this class of polymeric matrices enables other post-process operations, such as forming and welding. Moreover, the diffusion and the improvement of thermoplastic matrix composites can promote the usage of recycled polymers, which would dramatically improve the environmental sustainability of the production. The aim of this work is the assessment of the thermoplastic pultrusion of preimpregnated tapes made of glass fibers and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) matrix. A thermoplastic pultrusion line consisting of a heating-forming die and a cooling die has been used to manufacture a rectangular cross-section profile having dimensions of 25 mm in width and 4 mm in thickness. The internal temperature has been measured during the process by using a wire thermocouple. The composite produced has been assessed by interlaminar shear strength testing, and its cross-section has been analyzed by optical microscopy to assess the continuity of the matrix, the internal structure, and the distribution of the fibrous reinforcement.
Estimation of intimate contact of the fusion-bonded fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites
Authors: ZHOU Jiakuan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The quality of fusion-bonded parts relies on the development of intimate contact at first and followed by healing, where the former as a prerequisite highly dominates the consolidation and the mechanical performance of final parts. In this paper, the degree of intimate contact of continuously welded unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polypropylene tapes was investigated. Classic Lee & Springer model for theoretical estimation of intimate contact was considered in the present study. For this purpose, a relatively robust regime to extract the data inputs like surface parameters, viscosity, etc. was proposed and demonstrated clearly. Consequently, the degree of intimate contact can be plotted as a function of time. Furthermore, the degree of intimate contact was also characterized by cross-sectional microscopy, ultrasonic C-scan, and optical analysis on the delaminated surfaces. The experimentally measured results show good agreement with the theoretically predicted counterparts.
Composite forming post-manufacture: reducing complexity and de-risking manufacture
Authors: PALUBISKI Dominic R.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Forming is a high-risk operation as the deformation of precursors, such as preforms or prepregs, is difficult to control. Aiming at de-risking manufacturing and improving processing logistics, a new forming concept is presented involving pre-structuring, i.e. producing fully cured flat structure with integrated formable hinge regions, and assembly, where the part is given the targeted shape using localised forming in the hinge regions. Such a technique becomes feasible if (a) the hinges are produced with the aid of covalent adaptive networks (CANs, cross-linked polymers that can flow when heated above a certain temperature), (b) the excess fibre length (that can occur in the process of forming) is incorporated at the pre-structuring stage. Hence, we pursue an idea of multi-matrix continuously-reinforced composites (MMCRC) with embedded fibre path features, where the main body of composites structure is produced with a conventional epoxy matrix and the hinged areas are produced with reformable CANs. The current paper explores the potential and limitations of this technology in manufacturing trials. It is demonstrated that the presented concept can yield high quality solutions. It is highlighted that an improved manufacturing procedure using specially designed and portable machinery would enable application of the MMCRC technology in the field, facilitating repair and efficient transportation.
Prediction of the evolution of material properties during the AM process based on the FEM simulation and experimental results
Authors: HÄRTEL Sebastian
Published: April 2024

Abstract. To deepen the understanding of material behavior after additive manufacturing, this article focuses on the prediction of material properties after the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process. Particular attention is put on the temperature curves in the various phases of the welding process, which influence the final material properties, especially the hardness of the resulting part. A total of nine components in the form of walls were produced using the WAAM process, with the number of layers varying from 1 to 9. By experimentally analyzing the welded parts, which were cut in the middle of their length, it was possible to gain insights into the development of hardness at selected points. The entire test setup was simulated in the Simufact Welding FE-software. The simulation results in the form of temperature-time diagrams were then correlated with the real hardness measurements at the corresponding points. In this way, a model was developed that for the first time considers the development of hardness as a result of cooling after the welding process as well as the change in hardness as a result of reheating due to the application of additional layers.
A solid-beam approach for mesoscopic analysis of textile reinforcements forming simulation
Authors: LACROIX Baptiste
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Draping and forming of textile reinforcements are usually performed thanks to finite element models with continuous media assumption. The specific purpose of mesoscale model is to faithfully reproduces defects like yarn buckling or gapping during the process. Such defects are crucial outputs because they have huge impacts on mechanical and permeability properties of the whole textile. However, mesoscopic analysis usually leads to expensive computation cost and needs to be optimized to propose a cost-effective response to this problem. Thus, this document aims to develop a solid-beam approach for mesoscale model, with coarse geometric assumption but with finite element and constitutive law formulation taking into account the fibrous aspect of the fabric.
Influence of viscosity, binder activation, and loading rate on the membrane response of an infiltrated UD-NCF
Authors: MIRANDA PORTELA Renan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Shear-tension coupling of engineering fabric is one of the most important behaviors during the draping phase of liquid composite molding (LCM) processes, including wet compression molding (WCM), which occurs with the infiltrated fabric and, in some cases, with the use of a stabilizing binder. In the present study, the membrane behavior of an impregnated and binder-stabilized uni-directional carbon fiber non-crimp fabric was characterized by performing off-axis tension tests. These tests allow the investigation of the influence of stabilizing binder, fluid viscosity and loading rate on the fabric membrane behavior. As result of these experimental tests, an increase in membrane force is noticed when the stabilizing binder is activated, attributed to a greater shear stiffness. Additionally, a decrease in forces is observed for impregnated fabric compared to dry textiles caused by a lubrication layer between fiber tows. The study provides a better understanding of the membrane behavior of the impregnated and binder-stabilized UD-NCF, which is relevant for a potential high-volume production process.
Defect monitoring in wire arc additive manufacturing using frequency domain analysis
Authors: MATTERA Giulio
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Efforts to integrate Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) into industrial settings drive a focus on refining in-process defect detection. WAAM commonly employs waveform-controlled welding techniques, like pulsed or controlled dip transfer processes, to enhance material properties and reduce heat input. The cyclic nature of voltage and current waveforms in these processes suggests that valuable information exists in their frequency content for assessing the process state and potential defects. This study introduces the employment of frequency domain analyses, utilizing Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) methodologies, to identify anomalies in welding signal data. Statistical assessments reveal the efficacy of online frequency domain analysis in extracting valuable insights across various WAAM processes. The research showcases the utility of this information in developing unsupervised learning techniques for online anomaly detection systems tailored to WAAM, proficient in identifying issues like arc instability, porosity, and geometrical defects caused by arc blow and humping.
Experimental permeability measurement of different reinforcement types for virtual permeability determination validation
Authors: BOUBAKER Mouadh
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Permeability measurement of engineering textiles is a key step in preparing composites manufacturing processes. A radial flow experimental set-up is used in this work to characterize the unsaturated and saturated in-plane permeabilities of different types of textiles. In order to identify fabrics in which the dual-scale flow effect is stronger, comparisons are made between the measured saturating and saturated permeabilities. In parallel, the delayed tow saturation during the oil injection stage of the saturating measurement is observed visually. In addition, virtual permeability of porous media is studied using the numerical implementation of Darcy-Brinkman equation in a finite volume method (FVM) open-source software (OpenFOAM). A numerical method is proposed to determine the permeability of a given geometry at mesoscale. The method is used to determine the permeability of a realistic geometry acquired using an X-ray micro tomography (μCT) scanner and the results are compared to experimental values obtained with the proposed experimental set-up on the same plain weave textile.
Mechanical and chemical combined recycling process for CFRP scraps
Authors: BOCCARUSSO L.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Composite materials are increasingly employed in many industrial sectors. Among others, carbon fibers are primarily used as reinforcing agents in high-performance composites with synthetic resin matrices such as epoxies, polyimides, vinyl esters, phenolics, and certain thermoplastics. However, when carbon fibers are coupled with thermosetting matrices, the resulting composites are not easily recyclable. When these products reach their end-of-life (EoL), there are several difficulties in their recycling and in the reuse of the carbon fiber reinforcement. Several recycling process methods exist, but one of the most promising and investigated in recent years is the mechanical one, which, unlike other approaches, does not require the use of high temperatures to decompose the polymeric matrix. However, the presence of residual matrix on the surface of the fibers negatively affects their potential reuse for the production of new composites. In comparison to well-known mechanical recycling methods such as shredding, crushing, and hammer milling processes, this work presents a combined recycling process comprising mechanical recycling by milling and a soft chemical treatment at temperatures significantly lower than those reached during conventional thermal recycling processes. Recycled fibers were then used to produce new composite laminates using an epoxy resin as the matrix. The effects of the chemical treatment on the adhesion between recycled fibers and the new resin were evaluated through pull-out and bending tests.
Simulation and monitoring of the infusion of thick composites with thermoplastic acrylic resin
Authors: SIDDIG N.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The ZEBRA project aims to advance the circular economy by creating wind turbine blades that can be completely recycled. Currently, Wind turbine blades are fabricated through Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) using thermoset resins. In this endeavor, the recyclable thermoplastic resin Elium® from Arkema is utilized as a sustainable alternative to traditional thermoset resins. The production of thick and sizable components using reactive resins presents various intertwined physical aspects and difficulties, notably concerning potential overheating during the Elium® radical polymerization process. The optimization of this process necessitates the use of simulation to save the expensive time and effort caused by the experiments. However, to be reliable, these numerical methods must be validated to allow accurate predictions for potential defects with thick and complex parts. The challenge lies in flow front detection in the through-thickness direction. In this work, infusion tests were conducted for thick parts in a testing bench instrumented with a robust monitoring system. QRS sensors are placed through the part thickness to detect the front arrival instantaneously. The simulations are compared and validated to the signals of the QRS sensors for validation. Then the model was used to predict the flow behavior for more complex parts. A 3D flow is observed by the differences in permeability between the flow medium and the fabric, which induces a high difference in resin arrival times to the sensors depending on the position of sensors through the part thickness. The flow simulations showed a good approximation of the experimental results. However, deviations are observed in the flow front position, caused by the disturbance induced by the presence of the sensors.
Draping of biaxial non-crimp fabric on hemispherical shape
Authors: ZHENG Ruochen
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The experiment and simulation of biaxial non-crimp fabric draping process is investigated. The finite element model is formulated employing a mesoscopic approach, wherein each individual fiber yarn and stitch is treated as a continuous medium, modeled separately for a more nuanced representation. The hemispherical punch shape for the draping is selected as it is the most commonly used academic shape with a rather simple double-curved geometry. The deformed shape, material draw-in and local shear angle between the experimental and numerical results are compared and discussed.
On the methodological measurements of viscosity of unidirectional Flax/PP composites: Towards a benchmark
Authors: SIMAFROOKTEH Sepehr
Published: April 2024

Abstract Understanding the viscosity behaviour of the pre-impregnated thermoplastic composites is crucial for optimizing manufacturing processes and ensuring the end product’s performance. Reviewing prior research on this topic reveals that viscosity measurements have encountered numerous difficulties, resulting in unclear interpretations and complexities in data processing. The variations in viscosity can be influenced by factors such as cavity thickness, temperature, and compression rate. The objective of this work was to enhance the reliability of results, taking a step toward initiating a benchmark for viscosity measurements of pre-impregnated thermoplastic. The study focuses on transverse squeeze flow experiments of UD flax/polypropylene (PP) for viscosity measurements.
Direct recycling of AA6063 chips by hot extrusion applying pseudo porthole die
Authors: FUNAZUKA T.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. To obtain recycled aluminum from sash waste with A6063 alloy, which is used for aluminum sashes, it is necessary to perform hot extrusion after a casting process. Impurities introduced during casting constitute a problem in this process, and recycling without casting is necessary to control the effects of these impurities. The purpose of this study is to develop a recycling method for aluminum alloys, which does not involve the casting process, using hot extrusion from scrap materials, such as the cutting chips of A6063 alloy. In the extrusion process of waste materials such as cutting chips, the chips should be kept in close contact. To achieve this, a pseudo porthole die that provides a large shear deformation is used as the die shape for the extrusion process. The chips were compression-filled in advance to determine the filling ratio, and then extruded using a pseudo porthole die. The use of a pseudo porthole die resulted in an extrusion force 1.5 times greater than that of a solid die. A simulation of the shear strain and observation of the stress imparted to the material by the pseudo porthole die revealed that the flow-diverting and crimping mechanisms inside the pseudo porthole die resulted in a large amount of stress on the material. No defects were observed on the extruded product surface of the chip material produced using the pseudo porthole die. Four types of chip materials with different densities were used to examine the effect of the chip material density. We found that defects did not occur on the surface of the product when the density of the chip material was 2.5 g/cm3 or higher.
Prediction of the microstructure evolution during the friction stir extrusion of a AA6061 aluminum alloy
Authors: Bocchi S.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In recent years, the development of Friction Stir Extrusion (FSE) simulation models becomes crucial for gaining a deeper understanding of its underlying physics. Concurrently, there is a demand for precise control over the microstructure evolution of aluminum alloy extruded profiles, given its substantial impact on mechanical properties. Despite this, the relationship between process parameters and the evolution of grain structure remains insufficiently understood. In this context, a Lagrangian approach was established to simulate the FSE process, utilizing the commercial software DEFORM™ 3D. This research involved the investigation of the impact of various process parameters, such as rotational and descent tool speeds, on the occurrence of bonding phenomena, while considering both thermal and stress conditions. Furthermore, an innovative model originally developed for traditionally extruded components was implemented in a customized Fortran post-processing routine to investigate and predict the recrystallization behavior in the FSE of AA6061 aluminum alloy.
Effect of ball milling processing on mechanical properties of extruded aluminum-graphene-composites with commercial and self-synthesized graphene sources
Authors: NEGENDANK Maik
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In this study the effect of ball milling processing on the mechanical properties of extruded aluminum-graphene-composites was investigated. A commercial and a self-synthesized graphene source was applied respectively. It was found that rods of extruded high speed ball milled (HSBM) materials showed bad surface quality with massive cracks. The extrusion loads in indirect extrusion were 100% higher for HSBM material compared to material that was ball milled at lower rotation speed (LSBM). Investigations of mechanical properties revealed that for HSBM material TYS was increased 92% and UTS 118% compared to LSBM. Microhardness was also found to increase by up to 210% for HSBM material containing 1% graphene. However, since pure aluminum processed under same conditions also featured a drastic increase in hardness of 167%, it can be concluded that work hardening of the pure aluminum matrix seems to be the main strengthening mechanism. Furthermore, graphene agglomerates could be found locally in all extruded samples.
Prediction of longitudinal seam weld quality in multi-chamber aluminium extrusion
Authors: Sariyarlioglu Eren Can
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In the extrusion of complex multi-chamber profiles, the longitudinal seam (L-seam) weld quality is significantly affected by the thermo-mechanical history and the ‘local’ formation conditions under which the weld is produced during the extrusion process. The L-seam welds can lead to non-uniform mechanical properties and variations with regard to the mechanical integrity of extruded products. Therefore, effective prediction and analysis of seam weld quality is crucial to quality insurance of extrusion products for advanced applications. This study deals with the prediction of L-seam weld quality and associated mechanism analysis in the extrusion of multi-chamber aluminium profiles to advance the understanding of how the ‘local’ thermo-mechanical history and conditions influence the weld quality. To this end, carefully controlled industrial-scale extrusion experiments were conducted to analyze the L-seam formation behaviour. Additionally, a finite element (FE) model was developed to investigate the thermo-mechanical history during the formation of L-seam welds. The model was also employed to predict the L-seam weld quality, incorporating several welding quality criteria, namely Q, K, and J criteria. Examination of the thermo-mechanical history within the welding chamber reveals a compromise in the welding quality at the centre of the L-seam compared to near the surfaces. Moreover, the findings highlight that the J-criterion can provide the most consistent predictions for the L-seam quality, providing a more accurate reflection of the thermo-mechanical history during the solid-bonding process than the Q and K criteria. The findings can contribute to the development of process guidelines and quality assurance strategies for producing multi-chamber aluminium extrusion profiles.
Optimization of working conditions and increase of productivity of aluminum hot extrusion press based on finite element analysis
Authors: LLORCA-SCHENK Juan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The finite element simulation of extrusion allows a precise analysis of the metal flow, but also a detailed evaluation of the various parameters involved in the process: temperatures, pressures, velocities and stresses. The press productivity is directly related to the extrusion velocity. In turn, the maximum achievable extrusion velocity is limited by the exit temperature of the formed profile. Traditionally, most presses set a general billet temperature conservatively to ensure that extrusion does not exceed the pressure and stress limits for most dies. This study aims to provide an additional and non-exclusive methodology to increase productivity based on the correct choice of the billet temperature at the press with the help of a previous analysis by means of finite element simulation. A controlled reduction of the billet temperature makes it possible to increase the extrusion velocity while keeping the outlet temperature, stresses and pressure within the admissible range. The use of finite element simulation avoids iterative processes with several press trials and avoids the risks of excessive press pressure or tool stresses. Thus, it allows a quick determination of the optimum temperature and performs risk-free prediction. To demonstrate the use of the methodology, a billet temperature optimisation for an example die has been developed using the simulation software Qform UK. Together with the theoretical analysis, the results of the real die in the press in collaboration with Alumex PLC (Sri Lanka) are shown. This methodology is shown to be effective and may be of particular interest to companies already using extrusion simulation for other uses, such as die design.
Longitudinal buckling behavior in temper rolling of thin steel strips with delivery angle
Authors: OKAZAKI Toshiro
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The shape defect referred to as "longitudinal buckling" or “longitudinal buckle” tends to occur in temper rolling of double-reduced thin strips. In our previous study, we carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of the delivery angle on longitudinal buckling, and showed that longitudinal buckle completely disappears when the delivery angle exceeds a certain angle. The change of the buckling mode (number of longitudinal buckles) depending on the delivery angle calculated with a buckling model of a flat plate with curvature agreed with the experimental results under the condition of a delivery angle over 10°, but not under the condition of 10°. In this paper, it was found that the experimental results for the delivery angle of 0° could be explained by the Komori model, which assumes flat plate buckling of a length corresponding to the roll bite length. A FEM analysis of the limit buckling stress assuming constraint by the work roll proved that the limit buckling stress was larger than the estimated widthwise stress, indicating that initiation of buckling did not occur in the winding part on the work roll. On the other hand, a rolling experiment revealed that the buckling shape of many micro-waves generated near the roll bite could change in the winding part. These results suggest that longitudinal buckling begins around the roll gap and varies with the shape of the sheet wrapped around the work roll.
Design of an experimental simulator of void closure during hot rolling process
Authors: GOPAKUMAR Akhil
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The shrinkage porosities produced during the casting of steel blooms has to be fixed by the subsequent hot rolling process. To design the rolling route, finite element simulations integrating void closure models are necessary. However, these models have to be validated by experimental results. Because experiments under industrial conditions are hardly achievable, experimental simulations at lower scale can be considered. However, the experiment must be designed so as to reproduce industrial like conditions concerning the thermomechanical loading and microstructure with respect to void closure. Among the main parameters driving void closure are the equivalent plastic strain and the mean triaxiality. This paper is dedicated to the design of an experimental simulator of void closure during hot rolling. The simulator consists of several strokes performed on a sample containing a real shrinkage porosity, between shaped anvils and with alternations of the forming direction.
Prevention of scaling by means of recycled process waste gases
Authors: GERKE Niklas
Published: April 2024

Abstract. During hot forging of steel materials, the blanks are subjected to various heating processes. During these processes, scale is formed, which can lead to a mass loss of up to 3%. The additional mass required to compensate this material loss for a given forging component has a significant impact on the process emissions, as the production of the billet material has the highest impact on the overall CO₂ footprint of metal forming products [1]. Additionally, descaling operations such as upsetting are required to guarantee forging quality and process stability. At the same time, large quantities of process waste gas are emitted in the production of raw materials and components. These burnt gases have lower oxygen concentration due to the prior chemical combustion reaction. This work addresses the question, whether these burnt gases can be utilized as a forging process atmosphere. This would not only reduce material loss, but would also result in a reuse of the process waste gas. In order to retrofit existing forging infrastructure, a tooling system with a gas-tight enclosure was constructed and realized in a forming press. Defined gas combinations were fed into the enclosure to create an oxygen-reduced atmosphere. First, different gas combinations were investigated in annealing tests. The three most promising ones were then selected for the forging tests. The enclosure contained a heating, transport, forming and collecting unit. The blanks were fed in through a magazine and inductively heated to 1200 °C, formed and cooled under the defined atmosphere. In each atmosphere, 100 components were forged from the material 42CrMo4. Furthermore, it was investigated whether forming under a gas atmosphere has an influence on tool wear as scale can act as an abrasive. The investigations showed that both the surface of the starting material and the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere have a significant influence on scale formation. The amount of scale formed was reduced by up to 74% compared to an oxygen atmosphere. The adhesive layer on the upper dies was reduced with decreasing oxygen concentration. On the lower dies was an increased adhesive build-up.
Rolling process variation estimation using a Monte-Carlo method
Authors: WEINER M.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. No technical process is totally certain, but subjected to uncertainties. They may originate in the process itself or in the input materials and determine the precision of the product. Two questions are here especially of interest: 1) How do variations in the input workpiece evolve within the process? 2) Which process steps are crucial to influence this behavior? Answers to these questions can be obtained by analyzing production data or by numerical methods. The usage of Monte-Carlo-methods for estimation of variations and tolerances is a well proven approach in some fields, but was first applied by the authors to rolling processes. The inputs are all varied at once by drawing random samples from given distributions, so cross-dependencies are included in the analysis. The method has the favor of general applicability, i.e. the simulation procedure can be regarded as black box. So the method is generally agnostic to the used simulation core, but needs a large number of simulation evaluations, so fast simulation models are favorable.
A longitudinal event-related potentials study of idiom processing in healthy elderly adults
Authors: La Roi Amélie , Sprenger Simone A. , Hendriks Petra
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the longitudinal effects of cognitive aging on elderly adults’ sentence processing. To this aim, 16 Dutch elderly adults who participated in a previous study on idiom processing were tested again three years later, using the same event-related potential (ERP) paradigm. Compared to the previous study, we found the same reduced N400 for idiomatic sentences and for sentences preceded by a predictive context, and the same increased P600 for literal sentences preceded by a predictive context. However, the general N400 effect decreased over time, whereas the general P600 effect increased over time. Our findings suggest that elderly adults’ ability to benefit from context information and the fixed character of idioms to facilitate sentence processing is preserved over time. However, the longitudinal changes in the N400 and P600 effect suggest that elderly adults adopt alternative processing strategies to compensate for age-related cognitive decline.
Boutique Library Characteristics and Social Media Marketing as a Moderator in Fostering Sustainability in Malaysian Boutique Libraries
Authors: Abd Rahman Shaeiddah Akmar , Husaini Haslinda , Ong Chris Siew Har , Mazlan Mazwani Ayu
Published: April 2024

Inspecting Malaysian boutique libraries and their environment, focusing on unique traits and social media marketing as a sustainability tool.  This study underlines the need to understand Malaysian boutique libraries' specific qualities and survival. The study focuses on qualitative literature surveys, content analysis, and case studies. After reviewing boutique library literature, promotional materials, goal statements, and a few Malaysian boutique libraries' websites are examined, and the report emphasises Malaysian boutique libraries' key traits. This study also investigates how social media marketing can help boutique libraries survive. Social media helps boutique libraries reach their target audience, promote their services, and establish a community.
Enabling Education Everywhere: How artificial intelligence empowers ubiquitous and lifelong learning
Authors: Masrek Mohamad Noorman , Susantari Tri , Mutia Fitri , Yuwinanto Helmi Prasetyo , Atmi Ragil Tri
Published: April 2024

This article explores the complex interplay between Artificial Intelligence (AI), ubiquitous learning, and lifelong learning. Drawing upon in-depth analysis of pertinent literature, it elucidates the ways in which AI can bolster ubiquitous and lifelong learning in terms of personalized learning, continuous accessibility, adaptive content delivery, instant feedback and assessment, Natural Language Processing, data-driven insights, assistance and support, personal learning assistants, tailored learning resources and efficient time management. It also highlights the pre-requisite of harnessing AI for the purpose of ubiquitous learning, and lifelong learning. In the future, AI is anticipated to become the cornerstone of education systems across all levels.
Navigating New Horizons: Challenges of Malaysian secondary school teachers in cultivating digital information literacy (dil) competencies
Authors: Sulaiman Salsuhaida , Shaifuddin Norshila , Samsudin Ahmad Zam Hariro
Published: April 2024

This study explores Malaysian secondary school teachers' challenges in integrating digital information literacy (DIL) into their teaching. The research focuses on Design and Technology (RBT), highlighting the need for students to navigate the digital information landscape. The study uses a qualitative phenomenological study and thematic analysis by Atlas.ti v23 to identify challenges in teaching ICT-based projects. The research suggests that innovative teaching methodologies, stakeholder collaboration, and a culture of adaptability are crucial for empowering teachers to cultivate DIL in students, enabling them to navigate the digital era confidently and competently.
A Qualitative Study of the Dropout Risk Factors in Open and Distance Learning (ODL)
Authors: Ahmad Uzir Nora’ayu , Nur Izzuddin Izham Muhammad Abdul Aziz , Khairuddin Irni Eliana , Matcha Wannisa
Published: April 2024

This paper addresses the perspective of undergraduate students of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) – a particular learning and teaching environment that is conducted virtually. This paper explores the ODL environment from the participants' perspective and focuses on 15 undergraduate students who dropped out of the academic course. This qualitative study aims to understand the reasons behind learners' decision to leave so that ideas might be developed for the successful implementation of ODL environments in the future that would appeal to all learners. The analysis showed that students left the class for eight factors: self-regulation, personal, teaching quality, environment, emotional, financial, communication and technological factors. The paper concludes by proposing several recommendations to reduce the risk of dropout for the successful future of ODL.
Taxonomy Development of PTAR Local Content Collections: A critical analysis of the expert-assigned and LCSH subject headings
Authors: Mustafa A’dillah , A. Wahid Eza Eliana , Rosli Noredayu , Abdullah Mawar Noor
Published: April 2024

Developing a taxonomy for local content collection is a massive challenge for librarians which involves understanding the complexity of a particular subject classification. This paper aims to report the analysis of the taxonomy developed for the Sports Science & Recreational compared to Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). The analysis employs subject analysis as the methodology for comparing expert-assigned keywords with LCSH. The analysis found 6 divisions in the local content compared to only 2 divisions in LCSH, and 364 subjects compared to only 98 in LCSH.  The percentage of terms categories includes exact terms used (14%), similar terms used (11%), and not used terms (97%).
Factors affecting the Low Adoption of the Human Resource Management Information System 2.0 among Junior Public Officers in Putrajaya
Authors: Sabani Azzizatul Ain , Jalil Abdurrahman , Baharuddin Mohammad Fazli , Rahmad Fadhilnor
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the factors affecting the low adoption of the Human Resource Management Information System 2.0 (HRMIS 2.0) among junior officers that fall into grades 41 - 44 working in Putrajaya. Although it has been used for more than ten years now, the adoption rate is still low. Therefore, this research adopts a quantitative research method that utilizes Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to understand the issue. The results show that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, IT infrastructure and individual experience with computers have significant impact. Thus, this research serves to inform public sectors by considering the identified factors.
Knowledge Management and Cooperative Sustainability: A systematic literature review
Authors: Abdullah Nor Aliah , Abdul Rahman Safawi , Abd Kadir Mohd Razilan , Seman Mohd Ridwan , Abdul Aris Nooraslinda , Anuar Said Mohd Shahron
Published: April 2024

We propound that effective knowledge capture, sharing, and utilization within cooperatives are potent catalysts for sustainable practices. Through collaborative knowledge creation, cooperatives can innovate solutions to environmental challenges, efficiently manage resources, and foster social equity. Conversely, a sustainable environment and empowered communities provide fertile ground for knowledge production and circulation within cooperatives, creating a virtuous cycle of shared prosperity. Understanding and harnessing this symbiotic relationship between knowledge management and cooperative sustainability is critical to building a resilient and thriving future for all. 72 articles were identified, and 6 out of 72 were ultimately chosen for the analysis process. This systematic literature review aims to determine the current evidence regarding the knowledge management practice contribution towards cooperative sustainability.
Implementation of Information Security Management Systems for Data Protection in Organizations: A systematic literature review
Authors: Marhad Siti Suhaida , Abd Goni Siti Zaleha , Abdullah Sani Mad Khir Johari
Published: April 2024

This systematic literature review investigates the implementation of Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) as a pivotal strategy for safeguarding organizational information in the digital era. Focusing on key factors influencing ISMS implementation, its impact on data protection, and the methodologies employed, the review underscores the significance of awareness and training in fostering compliance. Emphasizing the ISO/IEC 27001 standard as a prevalent framework, the study reveals positive impacts on organizational performance, financial outcomes, corporate reputation, and branding. The findings advocate for a comprehensive and structured approach to information security, urging future research to explore diverse organizational contexts and industries for a nuanced understanding of ISMS practices and their impact on organizational agility.
Multi-Disaster Risk Mitigation through Augmented Reality Conservation Map for Enhancing Cultural Heritage Attitude
Authors: Shobaruddin Muhammad , Hendrawan Muhammad Rosyihan , Bafadhal Aniesa Samira
Published: April 2024

Virtual conservation emphasizes access to information, user involvement, object preservation, and restoring the original ambiance of conserved or rebuilt things using technology during COVID-19. This study utilizes AR to create the City of Sawahlunto AR Conservation Map and then designs and tests the app's content and functionality using Media Richness Theory. The study involves R&D employing the Multimedia Development Life Circle model and an exploratory sequential mixed-methods. The City of Sawahlunto AR Conservation Map AR has augmentation, interaction, and registration. This study contributes to Media Richness Theory and Virtual Tourism and has practical implications for destination sustainability, carrying capacity, and over-tourism.
Implications of ChatGPT in Library Services: A systematic review
Authors: Zakaria Norizan , Abdullah Sani Mad Khir Johari
Published: April 2024

Libraries play a crucial role in delivering reliable information using emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), specifically ChatGPT. This study systematically reviews 11 articles from Scopus and Web of Science, focusing on ChatGPT's implications for library services. The identified themes include information retrieval, reference assistance, language support, user engagement, personalization, information literacy, collection development, and cataloging and classification. While ChatGPT offers various benefits, challenges such as intellectual property, privacy, bias, accuracy, and reliability limitations exist. This article underscores the need for in-depth qualitative or quantitative studies to explore ChatGPT's potential in library services.
Blockchain Adoption in E-Voting in Malaysian Higher Education: Concept paper
Authors: Rahmad Fadhilnor , Mazlan Mazwani Ayu , Seman Kamaruzzaman Mohd Ridwan , Baharuddin Mohammad Fazli
Published: April 2024

Many industries use blockchain. Its potential to change eVoting systems has received global interest. This concept paper addresses the pros and downsides of integrating blockchain technology into Malaysian higher education's eVoting system. To contribute to the scientific debate on secure, transparent, and efficient voting techniques. This topic's difficulties and prospects are examined. We analyse the benefits of blockchain technology for Malaysian electronic voting. Blockchain technology in eVoting is challenging to implement despite its benefits. This section covers important issues such as technology readiness, scalability, and regulation. These challenges must be overcome to enable blockchain-based eVoting.
Reliability Analysis of the Influence of Media and Information Literacy Skills on Individual Work Performance: A pilot study of academic staff of colleges of education in southeast Nigeria
Authors: Arua Godwin Nwachukwu , Mohamed Shuhidan Shamila , Husaini Haslinda , Ukwuaba Helen Obioma
Published: April 2024

The research aims to examine the influence of media and information literacy (MIL) skills on the individual work performance of academic staff of colleges of education. Researchers discovered that many educational professionals need more MIL skills to support their job performance. This set of skills required for effective research and information use is insufficient and impedes lifelong learning. Based on the review of related literature, a 50-item questionnaire was constructed. The study population is 3,200 from nine public education colleges in southeast Nigeria. A representative sample for the study is 344, derived from the Sample Size Calculator by Raosoft Inc. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was employed to identify a representative sample for the study. To ensure data validity, reliability, and normality, the research instrument was pre-tested by experts/scholars. A pilot test was conducted, and thirty-nine academic staff participated. A quantitative survey method was used, employing SPSS to analyze collected data. Findings revealed that all items have reliability coefficients above 0.70 except for need skills, locate skills, and analyze skills with 0.566, 0.531, and 0.545 values. The study recommends that management should pay close attention to the MIL skills of their staff to optimize individual work performance.
Remote Foot Temperature Monitoring Among Veterans: Large Observational Study of Noncompliance and Its Correlates
Authors: Littman Alyson J , Timmons Andrew K , Korpak Anna , Chan Kwun C G , Jones Kenneth T , Shirley Suzanne , Nordrum Kyle , Robbins Jeffrey , Masadeh Suhail , Moy Ernest
Published: April 2024

Background

In-home remote foot temperature monitoring (RTM) holds promise as a method to reduce foot ulceration in high-risk patients with diabetes. Few studies have evaluated adherence to this method or evaluated the factors associated with noncompliance.

Objective

The aims of this study were to estimate noncompliance in patients who were enrolled in RTM nationwide across Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and to evaluate characteristics associated with noncompliance.

Methods

We conducted an observational study including 1137 patients in the VA who were enrolled in RTM between January 2019 and June 2021, with follow-up through October 2021. Patient information was obtained from the VA’s electronic health record and RTM use was obtained from the company. Noncompliance was defined as using the mat <2 days per week for ≥4 of the 12 months of follow-up. Using a multivariable model, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for associations between various factors and noncompliance and compared using Akaike information criterion statistics, a measure of model fit.

Results

The sample was predominantly male (n=1125, 98.94%) ; 21.1% (n=230) were Black and 75.7% (n=825) were White. Overall, 37.6% (428/1137) of patients were classified as noncompliant. In the multivariable model, an intermediate area deprivation index was statistically significantly and inversely associated with noncompliance (area deprivation index 50‐74 vs 1‐24; OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.35-0.89); factors significantly and positively associated with noncompliance included recent history of osteomyelitis (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.06-1.97), Gagne comorbidity index score ≥4 (vs ≤0; OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.15-2.83), telehealth encounters (28+ vs <6; OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.02-2.84), hemoglobin A1c≥10 (vs <5.7; OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.27-5.58), and current smoking (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.32-3.20). Based on Akaike information criterion differences, the strongest factors associated with noncompliance were behavioral factors (poor glucose control [as measured by hemoglobin A1c] and smoking), and to a lesser extent, factors such as a recent history of osteomyelitis and an elevated Gagne comorbidity index, indicating a high comorbidity burden.

Conclusions

To reduce the risk of ulcer recurrence and amputation, proactively providing additional support for self-monitoring to patients with characteristics identified in this study (poor glucose control, current smoking, high comorbidity burden) may be helpful. Furthermore, research is needed to better understand barriers to use, and whether the addition of design features, reminders, or incentives may reduce noncompliance and the risk of foot ulcers.