bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Holistic Approach to Bovine Brucellosis: Serological Tests, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Evaluation, and Risk Factor Identification on Dairy Farms of Ethiopia
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia, Birhan Mastewal
Published: October 2024

Brucellosis, a contagious bacterial disease affecting animals globally presents a substantial zoonotic risk that is frequently underestimated, hinders animal trade, and endangers livestock and human health. The present study was conducted from November 2023 to June 2024 in Central and North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. The current cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of brucellosis and to explore the related knowledge, attitudes, and practices within the specified region. A total of 384 serum samples were collected via random sampling from 20 dairy farms located in Ethiopia. Both local and cross-breed samples screened using the Rose Bengal Plate test and confirmed through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis for both tests was 17.71% overall, with 9.62% for Central Gondar and 27.27% for North Gondar. Extensive farms exhibited notably higher odds of brucellosis compared to intensive farms, with unadjusted crude odds ratios of 3.01 and adjusted odds ratios of 2.37, respectively. Medium-sized herds also demonstrated increased odds in the multivariate analysis compared with small herds. Young respondents displayed the highest awareness levels, followed by adults and older individuals, with statistically significant differences observed across all categories. Regarding a semi-structured survey from 150 farmers on the association between sociodemographic data and knowledge, females exhibited higher awareness levels, with 117 (80.14%) responding positively. Young respondents showed a higher positive response rate of 58% compared to adults (52.7%) and the elderly (36.54%). In conclusion, these results emphasize the need for comprehensive strategies to address the factors influencing bovine brucellosis prevalence and respondent awareness.
Survey on Dermatological Disorders of Dogs during 2020-2022 in Rabat, Morocco
Authors: Zahri Abderrahmane , Bouslikhane Mohammed , El Mazini Sara , Lemrani Meryem , El Berbri Ikhlass , Abouelkaram Mohammed Amine , Balenghien Thomas , Bourquia Maria
Published: October 2024

Dermatology is an important specialty in veterinary medicine, focusing on the skin and its appendages. Therefore, the present study highlighted the percentage of skin disorders, as well as their associated risk factors, from cases received at the Parasitology-Dermatology clinic of the Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine (IAV Hassan II), Rabat, Morocco for two years. A total of 1561 dogs (1450 dogs were in 28 different pure breeds and 111 dogs were mongrels, 805 males, and 756 females, with an average age of 6.5 years old) were presented at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UVTH) of the IAV Hassan II from the end of October 2020 to the end of May 2022 (including vaccinations) and 125 dogs were assessed and 161 skin diseases were found (a few dogs had more than one skin disease). Dermatological examinations represented an average of 8.00% (125/1561) of all canine cases received at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The most common clinical signs were pruritus, alopecia, erythema, onychogryphosis, and visible ectoparasites. Parasitic dermatoses were the most frequent, representing 44.10% of all dermatological cases, followed by allergic dermatoses (25.47%) and fungal skin infections (19.25%). Bacterial skin infections and dermatological manifestations of endocrine disorders were infrequent, representing 8.70% and 2.48%, respectively of all observed cases. Risk factors contributing to the occurrence of canine skin disorders included age and lifestyle for sarcoptic mange. An apparent predilection for the living environment was observed in the case of canine leishmaniosis, and an apparent predilection for sex regarding otodectic mange was also demonstrated. Similar results were found for the living environment and lifestyle concerning canine atopic dermatitis. Data reported herein fill gaps in knowledge of skin disorders and their associated risk factors in dogs in Morocco, demonstrating the dominance of skin diseases of zoonotic interest, including flea bite allergy dermatitis (FBAD), dermatophytosis, and canine leishmaniosis.
How to Design a Biomonitoring Study – A Practical Guide for Veterinary Professionals under a One Health Approach
Authors: Baptista Catarina Jota , Seixas Fernanda , Gonzalo-Orden José M. , Oliveira Paula A.
Published: October 2024

Currently, veterinarians can see their daily practice and medical tasks as constant opportunities for passive surveillance of One Health threats, such as infectious zoonotic diseases and chemical pollution effects on living beings. The present study aimed to provide a practical guide to designing a biomonitoring study during veterinary clinical practice without time-consuming procedures or significant costs. The constant access to several species' specimens provides the necessary samples to perform a biomonitoring study of environmental pollutants at the regional or national level. Generally, most health professionals know what to do (or where to find information) to report a disease outbreak. However, a summarized background to perform a biomonitoring study of a chemical hazard is missing. The authors of the current study provided a flow chart with the main steps to conduct a biomonitoring study in different fields of veterinary medicine. Thus, a biomonitoring study might give veterinarians (as other health professionals) a positive contribution to the clinical cases’ resolution, while improving the general knowledge about the impact of environmental contamination on animals and human health.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Cardiovascular Diseases in Dogs and Cats
Authors: do Carmo José Leandro Pereira , Soares Gliére Silmara Leite , Vieira Lucas da Silva , Oliveira Daniela
Published: October 2024

The term biomarker encompasses various biological indicators that objectively reflect a patient's medical status with precision and reproducibility. These indicators range from basic measurements like pulse and blood pressure to more intricate laboratory tests. Cardiac markers are crucial for accurate and prompt diagnosis of heart diseases in animals. Given the challenge of diagnosing cardiac diseases in small animals due to nonspecific clinical signs, cardiac markers provide quantitative indicators of biological processes. These markers include cardiac troponins for myocardial injury, natriuretic peptides for myocardial function, lipoproteins for serum homeostasis, and markers for inflammation of the cardiovascular system. Among natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has emerged as a significant tool in diagnosing and monitoring cardiac diseases. ANP, primarily synthesized in cardiac atria, regulates salt and fluid excretion, counteracts vasoconstriction, and inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, contributing to the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Additionally, it functions as a biomarker for ventricular hypertrophy and congestive heart failure (CHF) in animals. Furthermore, it protects against hypertension and cardiac remodeling by demonstrating antagonism to the same system. This review addresses the definition of biomarkers within the context of molecular biology, elucidates their multifaceted functions in the animal organism in light of integrative physiology, and explores the pathologies correlated with ANP, with an emphasis on its etiopathogenesis and clinical manifestations.
Weeds used as medicine by Gaddis and Gujjars of Nurpur Valley in Western Himalayan Region of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Sharma Anupriya , Sharma Arti , Sharma Priyanka , Kumar Nitesh , Pant Shreekar
Published: October 2024

Weed species considered as pariahs of plant kingdom as they spread very rapidly and have a competitive edge on top of indigenous species in the areas they invade. Although the use of weeds is less desirable, tribal people still use them for several purposes. This paper intent to highlight the utilization pattern of weeds by Gaddis and Gujjars of Nurpur Valley in Western Himalayan Region of Himachal Pradesh, India. The ethnobotanical data was collected by descriptive survey along with the observations and interviews were conducted. It was then analysed quantitatively by using use value and fidelity level. A total of 29 weed plants inherent in the 19 families were distinguished that are being practiced in traditional medicines to treat many diseases. The high use value is calculated for Cannabis sativa (1). Maximum diseases (37%) are treated by using the whole plant and the most popular method of medication is decoction. The gathered statistics will act as a catalyst for re-evaluating the potential cultivation of certain weed species under controlled conditions as well as exploring their utility in plant-based medicine.
Boosting Road Damage Detection via DEMATEL with Bipolar Neutrsophic Dombi for Intelligent Smart City Infrastructure
Authors:   Unit of Scientific Research, Applied College, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, admin admin ,   Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, Selmi Afef
Published: October 2024

In decision-making, NS permits the representation of information with three membership functions: indeterminacy (I), false (F), and truth (T). All components in an NS have indeterminacy, non-, and membership degrees that are autonomous and vary from (0-1). This generates NS particularly appropriate in composite decision-making situations where information is incomplete, ambiguous, or contradictory, which allows strong and more complex solutions and analysis. Detecting road damage accurately and quickly enables the capability of road maintenance agencies to generate timely maintenance to road surfaces, retain optimum road conditions, enhance the safety of transportation, and reduce transportation charges. Research on road damage detection using AI models achieved more attention at present, particularly in smart cities. This paper develops a Boosting Road Damage Detection using DEMATEL with Bipolar Neutrosophic Dombi and Siberian Tiger Optimization (BRDD-DBNDSTO) algorithm. The presented BRDD-DBNDSTO technique is mainly intended to improve the accuracy and reliability of road damage classification for intelligent smart city infrastructure. To accomplish this, the BRDD-DBNDSTO technique employs adaptive bilateral filtering (ABF) using image preprocessing to effectively enhance image quality by reducing noise. Then, the SqueezeNet method was used to create a collection of feature vectors. For the classification and detection of road damage, the DEMATEL with bipolar neutrosophic Dombi model is exploited. At last, the Siberian tiger optimization (STO) algorithm is used to adjust the parameters related to the classifier model. To guarantee the improved performance of the BRDD-DBNDSTO method, an extensive experimental study was carried out and the gained outcomes illustrate the improvement of the BRDD-DBNDSTO model across the existing techniques.
Afebrile Kawasaki disease: A case report
Authors: Pan Yan , Wan Linfang , Hu Luoyi , Fan Qihong , Deng Li
Published: October 2024

Objective: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limiting vasculitis and the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children under 5 years old. Despite over 50 years of research, the etiology and long-term prognosis of KD remain unclear.Case presentation: A 2-year-7-month-old boy presented with all the typical KD symptoms, including conjunctival injection, cracked lips, strawberry tongue, and membranous desquamation of the fingers and toes, but without fever. The patient was admitted with a 9-day history of peeling skin on his fingers, and no history of illness or fever in the past two weeks. Laboratory tests revealed elevated platelet count. An echocardiogram showed normal coronary arteries. The patient was diagnosed with KD and treated with low-dose aspirin and dipyridamole. He was discharged on the third day and showed complete symptom resolution and normal coronary arteries at follow-up.Conclusions: This case report describes an instance of afebrile KD, emphasizing the need for clinical vigilance and comprehensive assessment for diagnosis and treatment. Afebrile KD poses a diagnostic challenge as fever is a major diagnostic criterion. However, clinicians should consider afebrile KD when other clinical features and laboratory results suggest KD, and initiate appropriate treatment to prevent severe complications like coronary artery lesions. This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis, timely intervention, and multidisciplinary team collaboration for effective management of KD.
Trends in Prescribing Systemic Antibiotics by Libyan Dentists and Periodontists
Authors: Ghadah Elhassy
Published: October 2024

Antibiotic prescription is a common practice in everyday dentistry. Although antibiotics play a crucial role in managing periodontal disease, the threat of antibiotic resistance is an issue that requires more exploration. The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of prescribing systemic antibiotics treating periodontal and peri-implant diseases among Libyan dentists and periodontists. An online cross-sectional survey was designed to investigate the patterns and perspectives of antibiotic prescription. Indication parameters and timing of prescription that were analysed included: chronic gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, acute gingival and periodontal conditions, periodontal surgery, implant placement surgery, peri-implantitis treatment, and antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis. Out of the 3000 registered Libyan dentists, only 181 participated in the study. Systemic antibiotic prescription patterns varied markedly for different periodontal or peri-implant diseases among respondents. 72.29% of the respondents reported prescribing systemic antibiotics for the treatment of aggressive periodontitis, while 34.93% prescribed them for chronic periodontitis, 10.24% for chronic gingivitis, 71.15% for periodontal surgery, 64.64% for implant placement surgery, and 67.95% for peri-implanttitis treatment. The most commonly prescribed systemic antibiotics were amoxicillin, the combination of amoxicillin with metronidazole, and clavulanate potassium. This study revealed a high prevalence of overuse and misuse of systemic antibiotics in dental practice. Furthermore, it emphasizes the necessity of improving antimicrobial resistance awareness among Libyan dentists and incorporating antimicrobial stewardship.
The Effect of Training on Employee Productivity at Mercure Jakarta Sabang
Authors: Harianto Harianto , Soeprapto Vishnuvardhana S.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine how influential training consisting of training objectives, training materials, training methods, participant qualifications, and instructor qualifications on employee productivity at Mercure Jakarta Sabang. This study used quantitative research methods, with an Explanatory Research model. The research sample amounted to 46 respondents who were selected using random sampling techniques. The instrument used to collect the data is a questionnaire with Likert Scale. The data analysis technique uses multiple lnear regression analysis. The results of data analysis showed that training had a significant effect of 46.8% on employee productivity at Mercure Jakarta Sabang
Enhancing Paediatric Pneumonia Detection and Classification Using Customized CNNs and Transfer Learning Based Ensemble Models
Authors: Godbole Shubham , Kattukaran Adit , Savla Saurin , Pradhan Vedant , Kanani Pratik , Patil Deepali
Published: October 2024

Pneumonia is one of the most prominent causes of mortality in children who are below the age of five years in most parts of the globe. Hence, adequate pneumonia diagnosis is of paramount importance and is what drove this research effort which has led to the development of two transfer learning-based ensemble models. One of the proposed models classifies the chest radiographs into normal and pneumonia cases with outputs being generated from VGG-16, Inception-v3, and two custom-made convolutional neural networks, PneumoNet-v1 and PneumoNet-v2. The second model distinguishes bacterial from viral pneumonia with the help of Xception, MobileNet-v2, and PneumoNet-v1. To accomplish the aim of the study, the Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center dataset (Kermany Dataset) was used to benchmark model performance. PneumoNet-v1 and PneumoNet-v2 were designed with an emphasis for high classification accuracy and have individual accuracies of 96.2% and 96.8%, respectively for pneumonia detection. The first ensemble model used for classifying between healthy and infected images attained a classification accuracy of 98.03%. The second model used for differentiating between bacterial and viral demonstrated an accuracy of 91.93%. The effectiveness of transfer learning-based ensemble models as well as of the proposed custom CNN designs in enhancing the analysis of paediatric pneumonia and facilitating better diagnosis has been explored in this research.
A randomised controlled study to evaluate the comparative efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and Madhuyashti (Glycyrrhiza glabra) in the management of Ksheena shukra (Oligozoospermia)
Authors: Tiwari Sanjay , Trivedi Atal
Published: October 2024

Sperm is a vital component of the body because it is used for reproduction, the process of creation of the next generation. Male infertility can cause the inability to reach conception, it can be due to a defect in semen parameters, anatomical defects in the reproductive tract, hormonal issues, etc. A sperm count below 15 million sperm/mL is considered a state of oligozoospermia. Ksheenashukra is the situation in which both the quantity and quality of shukra dhatu are reduced. Oligozoospermia is synonymous with Ksheenashukra, one of the eight varieties of shukradushti described in the classics and it is due to the vitiation of Vata-pitta. In light of this, efforts were made to treat Ksheenashukra (Oligozoospermia) at the OPD level. This study was made to assess the efficacy and compare the role of Madhuyashti churna (3gm BD) and Ashwagandha churna (3gm BD) on seminal parameters with anupana of milk and after kostha shodhana with Haritakyadi churna (one-time dose of 10gm on day 1 only). The trial of these drugs was done on 60 subjects (30 in each group) and assessment of the subjects on the selected criteria was analyzed. The pre-treatment total sperm count levels were 10.08 and 11.21 mil/mL which rises to 17.14 and 20.53 mil/mL post-treatment in Group A and B respectively. The outcome of the study shows that both drugs are effective in the management of Ksheenshukra. But in certain aspects, Ashwagandha churna has outperformed Madhuyashti churna.
The Pervasiveness of Bio-Hazards in Street-Vended Dairy Products
Authors: Haraz Eman , Nazem Ashraf , Amer Amr , Aiad Ahmed , Makarem Hussein
Published: October 2024

A total of 60 diverse dairy product samples, including ice cream, Ras cheese, and Kariesh cheese (20 of each), were randomly collected from street vendors in different regions of Alexandria governorate, Egypt to investigate the prevalence of pathogenic E. coli. The outcomes revealed presumptive positive colonies of 83.33% and 80% in ice cream and Kariesh cheese samples, respectively. Confirmatory tests via conventional biochemical identification affirmed the presence of E. coli in 80% of the samples. However, Vitek 2 compact testing revealed that only 46.66% were positive, in contrast to PCR techniques, which substantiated a prevalence of E. coli in only 25% of the samples, with 35% in street-vended Ras cheese and 25% in Kariesh cheese. The phoA gene, integral to E. coli, was prominently featured in street-vended Ras cheese samples at a striking 100%, while the virulence genes stx1 and stx2 were conspicuously absent, except for sporadic instances of the eaeA gene in street-vended products. These findings uncovered a nuanced landscape of bacterial presence, with E. coli exhibiting a significant prevalence disparity among product sources, particularly with street-vended items showing markedly high contamination rates. It is advised that awareness programs should be established to reduce dairy product contamination among street vendors.
Keywords: Dairy; Street-vended; Escherichia coli; Contamination.
Ovarian cauterization versus Cacl2 Injection For "In Situ Ovariectomy" In Female Cats
Authors: Kassem Asmaa , Khenany Hoda , Ahmed Howaida , Kammar Mahmoud , Abdelwahed Ramadan
Published: October 2024

Overpopulation of stray and unwanted cats has been a serious issue in every country and different individuals have different motivations for their spaying or neutering. The current experiment aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ovarian cauterization compared to CaCl2 injection for ovarian tissue damage in female cats. Each ovary of three cycling normal cats in reproductive age was punctured at four sites and 40 W was applied to 5 seconds at each point using monopolar electro-coagulation, resulting in 800 J (Joules) of thermal energy. Ovaries of another three cats were injected with 0.25 ml of 20% CaCl2 in 95% ethanol solution. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions were assessed depending on a number of evaluating criteria. Operative time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and estrogen level estimation showed significant difference between both techniques. The cauterization technique proved easy applicable and safe, and there were no intra-abdominal thermal injuries. Histologic evaluation proved essential to clarify the ovarian functional activity. Ovarian cauterization seems to be feasible and safe, and 40 W (800 J) thermal energy allowed incomplete ovarian thermal damage.
Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome b and TaPIN1 genes of Theileria annulata in Alexandria and Beheira governorates, Egypt
Authors: Ayoub Saeed , Khadr Adel , Elshemey Tharwat , rahman Amir , Abas Osama , Maher Ahmed , Hegazy Emad
Published: October 2024

This study was designed to conduct phylogenetic analysis on the cytochrome b and TaPIN1 genes of Theileria annulata and to detect potential associations between mutations in these two genes and resistance to buparvaquone. Positive PCR products for the cytochrome and TaPIN1 genes of two samples were sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. When cytochrome b gene sequences were aligned to the reference isolate (XM949625), the phylogenetic analysis showed the presence of two new T. annulata cyt b gene isolates. These isolates showed 99.9% homology with each other and exhibited high homology with existing Egyptian and global isolates and were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers (PP920503) and (PP920504) for samples from Alexandria and Beheira governorates, respectively. Also, there is one non-synonymous mutation in our two isolates in codon 146 (Alanine146Threonine), which is in the Qo1 region (one of the buparvaquone binding sites). When TaPIN1 gene sequences were aligned to the reference isolate (XM949502), the phylogenetic analysis showed the presence of two new T. annulata TaPIN1 gene isolates. These isolates showed 98.1% homology with each other and showed high homology with global isolates. These two isolates are the first Egyptian Theileria annulata TaPIN1 gene isolates and were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers (PP920505) and (PP920506) for samples from Alexandria and Beheira governorates, respectively. Moreover, phylogenetically, Also, there are two non-synonymous mutations in these two isolates in codon 24 (Isoleucine24Valine) and 52 (Methionine52Threonine), which are related to resistance against buparvaquone. Briefly, this is the first Egyptian study that investigated the TaPIN1 gene of Theileria annulata and the first study in Egypt that investigated both the TaPIN1 and cytochrome b genes in the same samples. This study has introduced evidence of point mutations in the cytochrome b and TaPIN1 genes of T. annulata that might be associated with buparvaquone treatment failure in Egypt.
Effect Of Glutamine on Growth Performance, Biochemical Parameters and Diseases Resistance in Cultured Nile Tilapia Fish
Authors: Naena Nehal , Sokary Eman , Abeer El , Elbaz Shaimaa , Kassab Amina
Published: October 2024

The current investigation was done to examine the impact of some amino acids as glutamine with different concentrations on growth performance, biochemical parameters and resistance to bacterial infection as Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile tilapia. Total number used in our study were two-hundred and eighty O.niloticus fish (100 diseased fish for Aeromonas hydrophila isolation and 180 apparently healthy fish for experimental design). 180 fish were divided into four groups, 45 fish / group. The control group was feeding a baseline diet without additives and the treated groups were feeding a diet containing glutamine of 1, 1.5, or 2% for groups 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Fish from the treated and control groups received intraperitoneal (IP) injections of 0.2 ml suspension of A. hydrophila after the feeding trial has concluded. Results of our investigation showed a total of 14 A. hydrophila strains were recovered from 100 samples of diseased fish with a percentage of 14%. Through the use of, cultural, morphological, biochemical characteristics and PCR technique, the isolates were identified. According to the results of the PCR examination all 7 examined isolates were positive for the Aeromonas hydrophila specific gene (16S rRNA) and act gene and 5 isolates were positive for aerolysin gene but the 7 examined strains were negative for ast gene. Also our study showed a significant differences with control and higher growth performance for groups fed on diet containing glutamine 1.5% and 2% concentrations and also showed that diet containing 2% Glutamine augmented Hb%, RBCs, and MCV% and increased serum SOD, CAT, GPx, and bactericidal activities in addition to elevation in the levels of total protein than the other Glutamine inclusion levels (1% or 1.5%). Also the mortality rate and re-isolation rate decreased in groups fed on diet containing glutamine 1.5% and 2% concentrations than the other groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with glutamine at a concentration of 2% enhanced the growth performance, improve biochemical parameters and the resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection.
Aneurysmal bone cyst defect of the maxilla successfully reconstructed with mesh in rural surgical outreach: A case report
Authors: Maduba Charles , Nnadozie Ugochukwu , Modekwe Victor
Published: October 2024

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the maxilla is rare and requires a high index of suspition. It could pose a major health burden to the resource-poor who commonly resort to the medical outreaches for treatment.
We report a 41year old who presented with a left maxillary aneurysmal bone cyst of two years which was treated successfully with decortication, gentle curettage and prosthetic reconstruction with mesh in a medical outreach setting.
The post resection defects could be reconstructed with a relative ease using a mesh to provide a framework for deposition of fibrous tissue for restoration of normal contour of the maxilla.
Improving productivity, nutrient efficiency and economics of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) using phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria
Authors: Prakhyath K , Mehra Priyanka , Khatri Charul , Prakash T , Kumar Dipender , Padalia R , Yogendra N
Published: October 2024

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is a vital medicinal and aromatic plant, widely recognized for its industrial applications. However, sustainable cultivation of chamomile faces challenges due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, which can negatively impact soil health and the environment. There is a growing need to explore alternative agricultural practices that enhance nutrient use efficiency while minimizing environmental harm. Field experiments were conducted from 2022 to 2024 at the CSIR-CIMAP Research Centre in Bengaluru to evaluate the effects of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) on the performance and nutrient use efficiency of chamomile. Various treatment combinations of Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (RDF: 100 kg N, 60 kg P2O5, and 40 kg K2O ha-1) with PSB and KSB were tested, including co-inoculation and sole applications, to determine their impact on plant growth, yield and economic returns. Co-inoculating PSB and KSB with 100% RDF significantly increased plant height (48.09 cm) and branch count (15.43), outperforming RDF alone and other treatments. Sole applications of PSB or KSB with 100% RDF were comparable to 75% RDF combinations. The highest agronomic use efficiency (27.28%) and microbial response (37.49%) were achieved with 100% RDF+PSB+KSB, leading to a 137.49% yield increase. The highest concentrations of key compounds, α-bisabolol oxide B and α-bisabolol, were observed with 75% RDF+PSB+KSB. α-bisabolol peaked in the RDF-alone treatment. The 100% RDF+PSB+KSB treatment achieved the highest net monetary returns (US$ 5110 ha-1) and a benefit-to-cost ratio of 2.41, similar to 75% RDF+PSB+KSB. Overall, 75% RDF with PSB and KSB significantly enhances chamomile performance, increases soil bacterial populations, boosts nutrient mineralization, reduces chemical fertilizer use, and minimizes environmental impact. This approach offers a promising pathway for sustainable chamomile cultivation, leading to higher yields, improved economic returns, and reduced environmental impact.
Enhancing Transplant Aman Rice Productivity through NPK Fertilizer Split Application Scheduling Under Zero Till Non-Puddled Condition
Authors: Islam Rubayat , Islam A , Yeasmin Sabina , Jahan Israt , Anwar Md
Published: October 2024

This experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the varietal response of split application of NPK fertilizer application schedule on transplant aman rice under zero till non-puddled condition. The experiment comprised three rice varieties viz. Bashiraj (local), BRRI dhan49 (inbred), Dhanigold (hybrid); and seven NPK fertilizer application schedules. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The effect of variety, NPK fertilizer split application schedule and their interaction showed significant variation on the yield attributes and yield of aman rice. In interaction, the highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (11.66), total spikelets panicle-1 (164.00), grains panicle-1 (151.22), 1000-grain weight (38.70 g), grain yield (5.67 t ha-1) and harvest index (60.36%) were obtained from hybrid variety Dhanigold when fertilized following 3-splits of N [1/3 at 14 days after transplanting (DAT) + 1/3 at maximum tillering (MT)+ 1/3 at panicle initiation (PI)] and P (1/3 as basal + 1/3 at MT + 1/3 at PI ), and single split of K as basal (full dose). Same treatment combination also provides the highest yield of BRRI dhan49, but the local Bashiraj gave the highest yield at recommended practice where only N was top-dressed at 3 splits. Based on this result, it may be concluded that for better productivity hybrid Dhanigold and inbred BRRI dhan49 might be fertilized with 3-splits of N (1/3 at 14 DAT + 1/3 at MT + 1/3 at PI) and P (1/3 as basal + 1/3 at MT + 1/3 at PI) and full dose of K as basal during aman season under zero till non-puddled condition. On the other hand, for local variety Bashiraj 3-spilts of N either [½ as basal + ¼ at active tillering (AT) + ¼ at PI] or N (1/3 at 7 DAT + 1/3 at MT + 1/3 at PI) and P, K as single split as basal appeared as the best application schedule.
One Health Approach to Antimicrobial Resistance: Integrating Human, Animal, and Environmental Perspectives
Authors: Msemakweli January , Mzuka Khalid , Osward Aneth
Published: October 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat that transcends human, animal, and environmental sectors, necessitating a One Health approach. AMR arises from the misuse and overuse of antimicrobial agents in clinical, veterinary, and environmental settings, resulting in treatment failures and heightened mortality rates. By 2050, AMR is projected to cause 10 million deaths annually and incur a global economic loss of 1 trillion USD. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are expected to bear a significant burden, potentially accounting for 5 million of these deaths and facing substantial economic challenges due to limited access to healthcare resources and second-line antibiotics. In human health, excessive antibiotic prescriptions and hospital-acquired infections have been identified as major drivers of resistance, exacerbated by poor infection control and the lack of rapid diagnostic tools. Similarly, in veterinary medicine, the use of antimicrobials in livestock for disease prevention and growth promotion contributes significantly to AMR. Resistant bacteria from animals can transmit to humans through direct contact, the food chain, and environmental contamination. The environment further amplifies resistance through pharmaceutical waste, wastewater treatment inefficiencies, and the accumulation of resistant genes in ecosystems. Global efforts to address AMR include regulatory frameworks for prudent antimicrobial use in agriculture, human medicine, and waste management, alongside research into alternatives like phage therapy, immunotherapies, and improved diagnostics. Future solutions must focus on innovation, public engagement, and multi-sectoral collaboration to tackle the rising tide of resistance. The aim of this review is to explore the issue of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) from a One Health perspective, highlighting the challenges faced by low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Mathematical modelling of the drying characteristics and economic analysis of Hake fish using Smoking Kiln
Authors: AJAO Taiwo , Oyewole Omoniyi , Famakinwa John , Ojo Oluwatosin , Oyewole Shuaeeb , Shotonwa Dolapo , Lawal Damilare , Julian Badmus , Adedeji Janet , Alao Abdul
Published: October 2024

Aim: This study aims to provide a detailed assessment on the mathematical modelling of the drying characteristics of Hake Fish using smoking kiln. This will help in the prediction and simulation of the ideal drying circumstances that will preserve quality, and extend the product’s shelf life.
Methods: Frozen Hake Fish (15 kg) was procured and transported for further processing at the Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, Ibadan. Thereafter, Hake Fish was weighed, sorted, washed, brined, and smoke-dried. Triplicate samples were marked out and moisture loss was monitored at intervals during the drying process at temperature ranging from 85 – 115 \\degc, thus, experimental data was generated. The drying data were then fitted into six mathematical models and results were compared using the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE), hence, the best model was selected. The parameters of the models were evaluated using non-linear regression analysis. The economic viability of smoke-drying Hake fish was assessed with the application of standard economic assessment tools.
Results: The initial and final moisture content of Hake Fish was 233.351 and 4.93% db, respectively. The drying period to achieve the safe moisture content was seven hours. All through the process of drying, no constant drying rate period was discovered as the drying rate curve exhibited a falling rate with drying rate (0.0117±0.0060 kg/h) increasing with increasing temperature. Midilli model gave the best performance in predicting the drying characteristics of Hake Fish using Smoking Kiln. The economic assessment suggests that there is a high profitability for fish processing using improved processing methods.
Conclusion: The drying kinetics of Hake Fish can be effectively explained using smoking kiln. The smoking kiln is economically viable. Also, the use of smoking kiln will produce high quality dried product.
Multiobjective Optimization in Distributed Industry and Environmental Sustainability: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Dos Santos Francisco , Costa Lino , Varela Leonilde
Published: October 2024

With the growth of industrialization, researchers have also become increasingly concerned about environmental protection. Environmental issues have been one of the problems and one of the objectives to consider when it comes to production scaling problems, mainly minimizing energy consumption, and minimizing carbon emissions, as well as various other objectives to optimize. Measures that put pressure on organizations to pay more attention to the environment have been created, along with other measures, not only economic but also social. Good production scheduling allows organizations to be more successful in business, as it contributes to a better environment and society. Therefore, the search for processes that allow for more effective and efficient decision-making is becoming a subject of paramount importance to study. Sustainability is currently an urgent challenge for engineering and organizations. One of the ways to contribute to more sustainable manufacturing systems is the development of intelligent technologies and the sharing of manufacturing systems. This paper studies the literature on production scheduling approaches in distributed companies and their potential benefits for the environment and society, in addition to the economic benefits. In this way, the optimization of environmental, social, and economic measures in the planning and scheduling of production in extended company contexts, using approaches based on multiobjective optimization, is a primary focus of this work.
PENGARUH KEBERADAAN WANITA DALAM DEWAN KOMISARIS, DEWAN DIREKSI DAN KUALITAS AUDITOR EKSTERNAL TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK TAHUN 2021-2023
Authors: Ariefiansyah Tridipa Mannaroy  , Sofie
Published: October 2024

Agresivitas pajak merupakan usaha yang dilakukan wajib pajak untuk mengatur atau merancang pendapatan guna untuk mengurangi beban pajak dengan tidak melanggar undang-undang atau aturan lain yang berlaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh keberadaan wanita dalam dewan komisaris, dewan direksi, dan kualitas auditor eksternal terhadap agresivitas pajak. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah perusahaan sektor Property dan Real Estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode tahun 2021-2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan diperoleh sebanyak 30 perusahaan sektor Property dan Real Estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2021-2023. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi liniear berganda, uji asumsi klasik, uji koefisien determinan, uji kelayakan model serta uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan wanita dalam dewan komisaris berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak. Sedangkan keberadaan wanita dalam dewan direksi dan kualitas auditor eksternal tidak berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak.
Ghaslah: Car wash application
Authors: Alshihi Qusai , Almutawa Alhassan Ali , Alshibli Shaher Khalfan
Published: October 2024

It is known in Oman and many countries that technological devices and artificial intelligence have become a part of daily life. People use them to complete daily tasks and communicate among themselves, as well as facilitating some tasks that require time and effort.  Therefore, there are many phone applications that have been developed to serve people, and they were created and developed by Omanis. These applications facilitate the promotion of the tourism, economic, and commercial sectors. Some of them support tourism by showing tourist places and introducing them to tourists, and some show important events in the Sultanate.  Which tourists love to go to and supports the economy through the financial returns that result from this trade through these applications.  In this project, we proposed creating a mobile application titled Ghaslah.  It is an application concerned with car washes. It supports the customer and the owners of car wash companies. It enables the customer to choose the appropriate car wash company and choose the best services that the customer needs. It also supports segments of society, including women, the elderly, and people with special needs in particular.  It supports car wash companies by displaying the services provided by the companies at the lowest costs in terms of advertising and other things, enabling companies to provide their services such as reservations and home services.  This application will enhance the economic aspect in Oman and the owners of car wash companies and satisfy the customers with services that suit their needs.
A Gas Cylinder Delivery Service in Oman
Authors: Alfulaiti Hoor , Albarhi Ahed , Alhosni Rawan , Alhajj Aayad
Published: October 2024

Gas is one of the basic requirements that must be available in every home, purchased from gas stations and street vendors. However, issues may arise in reaching gas stations or finding sellers in certain areas when gas is needed urgently. Our project aims to create a desktop application for a gas cylinder delivery service, enhancing the community's experience by facilitating the timely delivery of suitable gas cylinders. The application lists gas cylinder owners in Omani society, providing customer data like name, phone number, city, and governorate. Customers can pay using cash and choose cylinder size and price. The app also determines delivery time based on location. It facilitates communication between buyers and sellers in Arabic and English. The gas cylinder delivery service application requires login information like username, phone number, and city, then opens a location service home page. The home page features an "Order Now" button, allowing users to choose from a list of gas cylinder sellers, specifying size and price. After confirmation, customers can choose payment method, delivery location, and expected delivery time. Then the seller receives an order containing the buyer's data and a gas cylinder, and the application confirms the delivery to the customer after completion. Oman's technological advancements have made society accustomed to mobile phones, software, and applications, making the location of the gas cylinder delivery service to people easier than the traditional method of finding sellers.
Current Issue: Rethinking the Role of Early Childhood Education: Academic vs Child-Centered Learning
Authors: Mohammad Chinda
Published: October 2024

Early childhood education (ECE) is not only about the academic upbringing of a child. It concerns a child's strong emotional, social, cognitive, and physical character development. Early childhood education of a child starts from his birth to the moment he is admitted to school. It is the most crucial time of a child's life because it is the first time they interact with other children, teachers, parents, and other family members. Early childhood education has positively affected social aspects of educational interests such as STEM (Science et al.). In this paper, we will discuss the role of early childhood education concerning traditional and academic learning and play-based and child-centred learning. Academic traditional learning is purely academic-centred and teacher-dominant, whereas play-based or child-centred learning is designed according to the child's interests. It makes a child socially, emotionally, and academically strong. We will discuss these approaches in-depth, along with their pros and cons. With a critical analysis of which approach is better for children to enhance their learning and growth and how it can be implemented in toddlers and childcare centres.
The Requirements of Professional Development for Secondary School Teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the Light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution from the Experts’ Perspective
Authors: Al-Tuwaijri Saleh
Published: October 2024

The research aims to identify the requirements of professional development for secondary school teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution from the experts’ perspective. The research used the descriptive survey method and a questionnaire as tools. They were applied to 51 members of the teaching staff in the colleges of education in Saudi universities. The results revealed that the most prominent requirements related to educational policies and technical resources, which obtained (Agree), were; providing the technical needs of schools, such as communication networks, computers, etc., and establishing electronic technical laboratories within schools that support e-learning. While the most prominent requirements related to digital skills, which obtained (Agree), were; the teacher’s ability to self-develop and update his digital skills, and the teacher’s knowledge of relevant laws and regulations using knowledge applications, programs and technologies. Finally, the most prominent requirements related to the educational process, which obtained (Agree), were; the teacher directs students to search for information through modern technology in correct ways, and the teacher's ability to support creativity and innovation among students.
The Effectiveness of the Generative Learning Model to Develop Audio Comprehension Skills and Language Thinking Skills among Primary School Students
Authors: Al-Sinani Bakatah
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the generative learning model in developing audio comprehension skills and linguistic thinking; to achieve the objective of the study, the researcher used the semi-experimental approach, based on the design of the experimental and control groups, and the researcher also identified a list of audio comprehension skills and a list of linguistic thinking skills appropriate for sixth grade primary students, in the light of which an achievement test for audio comprehension skills and a linguistic thinking test were built, and two research materials were designed: The teacher's guide and the student's educational activities booklet; After the researcher verified the validity and stability of the two study tools, they were applied to the study sample consisting of (66) students. After processing the data statistically, the study found statistically significant differences at a level of significance less or equal to (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group and the control group in the total dimensional test of audio comprehension skills and linguistic thinking, in favor of the experimental group, and the study also provided a number of recommendations and suggestions in light of the results of the study reached.