bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the cross-sections for the resonant nuclear reactions induced by 6Li + 2H collisions based on ab initio computations of characteristics of highly excited states of 8Be spectrum
Authors: Rodkin D. M. , Tchuvil’sky Y. M.
Published: October 2024

The results of application of the Cluster Channels Orthogonal Functions Method in combination with the R-matrix theory for calculating the cross-sections of the reactions induced by 6Li + 2H collisions are presented. As part of this work, first, very high lying resonances that have a decisive influence on the cross-sections of these reactions were identified. Second, for the first time in the framework of a theoretical study of nuclear reactions, to the cross-sections of all binary reactions pass through one and the same compound nucleus were computed using a consistent unified theoretical approach. The yield of sequential tripartition reactions is also a subject of this study.
Enhancing Survival Analysis with Bayesian Modeling: A Comparative Study of Type II Half Logistic-Weibull Cox-PH, Weibull Cox-PH and Weibull Models
Authors: Parvej Mohammad , Devashish  , Khan Athar Ali
Published: October 2024

Survival analysis plays a crucial role in understanding time-to-event data and modeling the underlying hazard rates. In this study, we propose a novel Bayesian survival analysis approach by incorporating the Type II half-logistic Weibull Cox-proportional hazard (Cox-PH) model. This model combines the advantages of the half-logistic Weibull distribution with the flexibility of the Cox-PH framework, allowing for efficient estimation of survival probabilities and hazard ratios. This study aims to apply Bayesian Analysis of Type II half-logistic Weibull Cox-PH model and compare it with Weibull Cox-PH, and Weibull models. These distributions are analyzed and fitted to censored survival data using the probabilistic programming language Stan. To incorporate censored mechanisms within the Stan framework, customized codes are developed. The models are then compared using information criteria under Bayesian paradigm.
A SYMMETRIC IDENTITY-RULE-VARIATION-BASED METHOD FOR ENUMERATING AND BUILDING RADIUS-1 TWO-STATE NCCA RULES
Authors: KADACHE NABIL , SEGHIR RACHID
Published: October 2024

The class of cellular automata that preserve quantities, referred to as Number-Conserving Cellular Automata (NCCA), serves as a crucial tool for modeling various complex systems that exhibit the preservation of specific physical properties. In this paper, we first present some well-known necessary and/or sufficient conditions that must satisfy any NCCA rule. These conditions can be used to find NCCA rules using a brute-force method. However, the process of examining the set of all rules becomes impractical for complex cases with larger neighborhoods, dimensions, or number of CA states. To address this challenge, we propose a new approach to constructing and writing radius-1 two-state NCCA rules. The main idea of our contribution is the use of symmetric variations injected into the CA identity rule, which allows us to efficiently find and write NCCA rules. The proposed method has successfully reproduced the well-known 1D- and 2D-NCCA with the von Neumann neighborhood. Moreover, it has also been able to give the codes of the seventeen 2D-NCCA conservative rules with the Moore neighborhood. We believe that our approach could be generalized for higher dimensions and larger neighborhood radius.
Toward Optimized Nonlocal Active Sound Control with Preservation of Desired Sound
Authors: Hu N. , Utyuzhnikov S.
Published: October 2024

In the active sound control problem considered, it is presumed that a bounded domain is protected from external noise via the distribution of active control sources on its perimeter. Moreover, sound generated inside the protected domain is interpreted as desired and supposed to be retained unaffected. We suppose that only the total sound field from all primary and secondary sources is available for measurement at the perimeter of the protected region. The approach based on the nonlocal active sound control has proved to be efficient to tackle this problem. To make this algorithm more feasible for practical implementation, we minimize the number of control units. This problem is reduced to the optimal distribution of nodes in numerical quadratures over surfaces. Such a problem has not still been resolved for arbitrary enough functions. However, in this paper, we compare different well-known integration patterns. Since we consider the distribution of nodes as sparse as possible, any asymptotic estimations of the approximation error are not reliable. Thus, the only possible way for comparison of distribution patterns is an immediate numerical experiment. In our previous work, we considered the question of the optimal distribution of the control elements for monochromatic waves. Another novelty of the paper is related to the nonlocal active control of broadband noise with preservation of broadband desired sound. This task is tackled for the first time.
A RBF Neural Network System for Solving Fuzzy Optimal Control Problems Depending on Generalized Hukuhara Derivatives
Authors: Kazemi Aneseh , Nazemi Alireza
Published: October 2024

In this paper, an intelligence approach based on radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) is used for solving fuzzy optimal control problems, utilizing the generalized Hukuhara derivatives. At the first step, we consider the fuzzy Euler–Lagrange conditions for both fuzzy unconstrained and constrained variational problems and Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP) for fuzzy optimal control problems, both of them depending on the generalized Hukuhara derivatives. The necessary optimality conditions for these problems are examined in the form of two-point boundary value problems (TPBVPs). A fuzzy neural network approach that utilizes of radial basis functions (RBFs) as its activation functions for one of the hidden layers is described to approximate the solution of the related TPBVP. This neural network uses the center points of RBFs as the training dataset, and the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is selected as the optimizer. By relying on the ability of RBFNN as function approximator, the fuzzy solutions of variables (state, co-state and control) are substituted in the associated TPBVP. The obtained algebraic nonlinear equations system is then converted into an error function minimization problem. A learning scheme based on the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm is employed as the optimizer to derive the adjustable parameters of fuzzy solutions. In order to clarify the effectiveness of the studied RBFNN, some numerical results are supplied.
MHD Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Casson Nanofluid Flow over an Exponential Stretching Sheet
Authors: Sangamesh  , Raghunatha K. R. , Vinod Y. , Nagappanavar Suma Nagendrappa , Waqas Hassan
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the effects of radiation, internal heat source and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) on the mixed convective boundary layer flow of a Casson nanofluid within a porous medium that is saturated and subject to an exponentially stretching sheet. The nanofluid model incorporates Brownian motion and thermophoresis, and the Darcy model is employed for the porous medium. By applying an appropriate similarity transformation, the nonlinear governing boundary layer equations are converted into a set of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. These equations are then solved numerically using the Hermite wavelet method, with simulations conducted through the MATHEMATICA programming language. The analysis covers various aspects including temperature distribution, velocity, solute concentration and several engineering parameters such as skin friction coefficients, the Nusselt number (rate of heat transfer) and the Sherwood number (rate of mass transfer), all evaluated based on dimensionless physical parameters. The results indicate that elevated radiation intensifies temperatures and leads to thicker thermal boundary layers. As the Casson parameter increases, both the velocity and the momentum boundary layer become narrower. Additionally, a more pronounced chemical reaction rate reduces the thickness of the solutal boundary layer. The accuracy and reliability of the numerical Hermite wavelet method are validated through a comparative analysis with previous studies, demonstrating excellent concordance and confirming the robustness of the computational approach.
Preparation of SnO2/TiO2 composite photocatalysts using yeast and their catalytic performance
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Zhang Shaoyan , Li Xianxue
Published: October 2024

Constructing coupled semiconductor photocatalysts is an important approach to improve the photocatalytic activity of [Formula: see text]. Herein, [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] composite photocatalysts were successfully synthesized through a hydrothermal method using yeast as a biological template. The as-obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectra and nitrogen adsorption/desorption testing methods. Results showed that the nano-sized [Formula: see text] particles could be solvothermally synthesized at 150–180[Formula: see text]C, and the C=O and C–O groups in the yeast were the main capping ligands of the [Formula: see text] particles, playing a key role in the synthesis of [Formula: see text]. SEM demonstrated that the [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] composites possessed very loose structures and good uniformity. Finally, the application experiment showed that the as-obtained [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] composites exhibited exceptional effectiveness in degrading Rhodamine B.
China’s Investment in Africa: Exploring the Human Rights Dimensions
Authors: Mike Jennifer Heaven
Published: October 2024

Huge debt from multilateral institutions, countries, and private creditors, unsustainable loans with onerous default conditions, investments that serve to foster political authority, treaties, and trading relations with unequal partners have set the African continent on a course that threatens its human and economic development prospects. While the multilateral relations, treaties, loans, and investments represent major opportunities for African countries to boost growth, reduce poverty, build infrastructures, and broaden economically, they could also constrain developments, and undermine the capacity of poorer African countries to create the conditions for the realization of human rights. It has been established that debt repayment is often carried out at the expense of basic human rights. In addition, debt servicing and harmful conditions linked to loans and debt relief often limit investment in and undermine the provision of essential public services. The study examined the various factors related to human rights, particularly in the context of China’s loans and financial investment in African countries. It delves into specific human rights concerns relating to socioeconomic, cultural, civil, political, and environmental rights to provide a comprehensive understanding of the human rights issues arising from China’s engagement with African countries. Human rights have also been adopted as measuring tools to assess, measure, and prevent the impact of financial relations, debt burdens, and assistance.
Photoisomerization Dynamics of 2-[(E)-(4-fluorophenyl)diazenyl]-1H-imidazole: A Theoretical and Experimental Insight
Authors: John Athira Maria , Xavier Sebin Sebastian , Benny Cyril , Philip Reji , Balakrishnan Sreeja Puthanveetil
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the photoresponsive behavior of substituted azobenzenes with a specific focus on their nonlinear optical response. This study suggests that azoimidazole substitution is a better alternative to azobenzene derivatives for nonlinear optical responses. The synthesis, characterization, photophysical property and isomerization pathway of 2-[(E)-(4-fluorophenyl)diazenyl]-1H-imidazole (E-2g) are presented as an optical limiter through a comprehensive blend of experimental and theoretical approaches. Notably, E-2g exhibited a lower energy barrier than reported azobenzenes. The trans-to-cis photostationary state was reached in 75 min, while the cis-to-trans state was achieved in 60 min at 354 nm. The study further explores the photoisomerization pathway of E-2g, highlighting its nonlinear absorption, which has a nonlinear absorption coefficient ([Formula: see text]) of 8.8 × 10–11 m/W at 20 [Formula: see text]J, as determined by Z-scan measurements. The results suggest that E-2g exhibits significant nonlinear absorption characteristics, which helps in applications requiring protection from intense light sources.
Autonomous Navigation Method for Planetary Landing Based on Observability Analysis of Sequential Images
Authors: Li Jiaxing , Wang Dayi , Deng Runran , Dong Tianshu , Hou Bowen
Published: October 2024

Sequential images provided by optical cameras are ideal for realizing high-precision autonomous navigation for planetary landings, but due to limited computational resources, a large amount of image information cannot be processed on deep space probes, thus the rich landmark features in the sequential images must be selected. The contribution of landmark features to navigation accuracy is usually measured in terms of observability degrees, but the traditional method only observes the locally optimal landmarks at a single moment, and the navigation accuracy will be affected by the gradual decrease of observability degrees when observing the same landmark several times in a row before landmarks are reoptimized. In this paper, we first establish of autonomous navigation model of planetary landing segment based on sequential images. Then we construct a sequential image observability degree for multiple observations, proving that it is a convex function, and giving the interval of the minimum value point, which guides the selection of landmarks with the highest observability for multiple moments. Finally, numerical simulations were conducted and verified that using sequential image observability degree to optimize landmarks for navigation can achieve higher navigation accuracy than traditional single moment selection methods, and it can provide theoretical support for the sequential image autonomous navigation in the landing segment of deep space exploration.
The tectonostratigraphic evolution of a Miocene half-graben, Kerio Valley Basin, East African Rift of Kenya: analysis of a 3 km thick volcano-sedimentary succession
Authors: Watson D. , Cowan R. , Schofield N. , Newton R. , Hartley A.
Published: October 2024

The Kerio Valley Basin is a classic half-graben within the Eastern Branch of the East African Rift System, though to date its tectonostratigraphic evolution has only been interpreted through an incomplete stratigraphic record exposed along structural highs. This study examines a 3 km thick, volcano-sedimentary succession recorded within a hydrocarbon exploration well, Cheptuket-1, located within the hanging wall of the Kerio Valley Basin. A suite of silicic extrusive volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks are also recorded, calibrated by a dense collection of thin-sections from 84 side-wall cores. These volcanic rocks include phonolite lava flows. Through documentation of the well stratigraphy and integrating newly acquired
40
Ar/
39
Ar age dates from outcrop, we detail a substantially revised, simpler tectonostratigraphic evolution of this basin. Cheptuket-1 penetrated a Middle Miocene to recent stratigraphic succession, bottoming in metamorphic basement, likely through a fault plane. Several phases of lake development are elucidated, including both pre- and syn-mechanical rifting, with the latter phase containing beds exhibiting high organic matter content. This study ultimately represents a rare insight into a near complete rift-basin hanging-wall succession, as well as detailing a workflow for characterising mixed volcanic and sedimentary successions.
Scalable Frame-based Construction of Sociocultural NormBases for Socially-Aware Dialogues
Authors: Qu Shilin , Wang Weiqing , Zhou Xin , Zhan Haolan , Li Zhuang , Qu Lizhen , Luo Linhao , Li Yuan-Fang , Haffari Gholamreza
Published: October 2024

Sociocultural norms serve as guiding principles for personal conduct in social interactions, emphasizing respect, cooperation, and appropriate behavior, which is able to benefit tasks including conversational information retrieval, contextual information retrieval and retrieval-enhanced machine learning. We propose a scalable approach for constructing a Sociocultural Norm (
Scn
) Base using Large Language Models (LLMs) for socially aware dialogues. We construct a comprehensive and publicly accessible Chinese Sociocultural NormBase (
ChineseNormBase
). Our approach utilizes socially-aware dialogues, enriched with contextual frames, as the primary data source to constrain the generating process and reduce the hallucinations. This enables extracting of high-quality and nuanced natural-language norm statements, leveraging the pragmatic implications of utterances with respect to the situation. As real dialogue annotated with gold frames are not readily available, we propose using synthetic data. Our empirical results show: (i) the quality of the
Scn
s derived from synthetic data is comparable to that from real dialogues annotated with gold frames, and (ii) the quality of the
Scn
s extracted from real data, annotated with either silver (predicted) or gold frames, surpasses that without the frame annotations. We further show the effectiveness of the extracted
Scn
s in a RAG-based (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) model to reason about multiple downstream dialogue tasks.
ViCoFace: Learning Disentangled Latent Motion Representations for Visual-Consistent Face Reenactment
Authors: Ling Jun , Xue Han , Tang Anni , Xie Rong , Song Li
Published: October 2024

Unsupervised face reenactment aims to animate a source image to imitate the motions of a target image while retaining the source portrait’s attributes like facial geometry, identity, hair texture, and background. While prior methods can extract the motion from the target image via compact representations (e.g., keypoints or latent motion bases [
50
]), they are not robust in predicting motions that are disentangled with portrait attributes, thus failing to preserve portrait attributes in the cross-subject reenactment. In this work, we propose an effective and cost-efficient face reenactment approach to address this issue. Our approach is highlighted by two major strengths. First, based on the theory of latent motion bases, we disentangle the full-head motion into two parts: the
transferable
motion and
preservable
motion and then compose the full motion representation using latent motions from the source image and the target image. Second, to optimize and learn disentangled motions, we introduce an efficient training framework, which features two training strategies: (1) a mixture training strategy that encompasses self-reenactment training and cross-subject training for better motion disentanglement and (2) a multi-path training strategy that improves the visual consistency of portrait attributes. Extensive experiments on widely used benchmarks demonstrate that our method exhibits a remarkable generalization ability compared to state-of-the-art baselines. Project and demos are available at
https://junleen.github.io/projects/vicoface
.
Nanoscale organization of cardiac calcium channels is dependent on thyroid hormone status
Authors: Charest Amanda , Nasta Nicholas , Siddiqui Sumaiyah , Menkes Silvia , Thomas Anvin , Saad Dana , Forman Jake , Huang Xueqi , Sison Cristina P. , Gerdes A. Martin , Stout Randy F. , Ojamaa Kaie
Published: October 2024

Thyroid hormone (TH) dysfunction exacerbates preexisting heart conditions leading to an increased risk of premature morbidity/mortality. Triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) optimizes cardiac excitation-contraction (EC) coupling by maintaining myocardial T-tubule (TT) structures and organization of calcium ion channels. Single-molecule localization microscopy shows T3 effects on the clustering of ryanodine receptors (RyR2) with colocalization of L-type calcium channels (CaV1.2) and junctophilin-2 (Jph2) at TT-SR structures. Heart disease with subclinical hypothyroidism/low T3 syndrome may benefit from TH treatment.
Characterizing vascular and hormonal changes in women across the life span: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Wenner Megan M. , Shenouda Ninette , Shoemaker Leena , Kuczmarski Andrew , Haigh Katherine , Del Vecchio Angelica , Schwab Allyson , McGinty Shane J. , Edwards David G. , Pohlig Ryan T. , Nuckols Virginia R. , DuBose Lyndsey , Moreau Kerrie L.
Published: October 2024

We demonstrate that the age at which endothelial function declines and aortic stiffness increases in healthy women is 47 and 48, respectively. The inflection point in flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is 6 yr earlier than previously reported, and the association between age and FMD was mediated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and progesterone (P4) but not estradiol (E2).
Balancing Stocking Density and Feed Intake for Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) Raised in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems
Authors: Le Boucher Richard , Chung Weiqiang , Ng Jessalin Kai Lin , Tan Lydia Shun En , Lee Co Sin
Published: October 2024

To address the growing demand for optimization strategies in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), this study investigates the impact of stocking density and feeding levels on barramundi (Lates calcarifer). A total of 3510 fish with an initial weight of 50.2 ± 1.1 g were allocated into 27 tanks, each with a volume of 1 m3. The fish were grown at three stocking densities: low (LD, 5.6 kg m−3) with 110 fish per tank, medium (MD, 6.7 kg m−3) with 130 fish per tank, and high (HD, 7.7 kg m−3) with 150 fish per tank. All fish were fed to satiation but were offered three feeding levels that varied according to fish body weight (BW): standard (SF, 20.6 × BW−0.418), high (HF, 11.4 × BW−0.242), and very high (VHF, 7.0 × BW−0.094). After 8 weeks, the stocking density had increased to 24.9, 29.3, and 33.0 kg m−3 in the LD, MD, and HD groups, respectively. The biomass gain increased with both stocking density and feeding levels (P < 0.001), reaching 23.6 kg in both HD‐HF and HD‐MF groups. Higher stocking density was found to reduce fish BW gain (P < 0.05) and total feed intake (P < 0.05), while lower feeding levels significantly improved the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001). The consistency of daily feed intake (DFI, as a proportion of BW) was dependent on feeding level in all groups. Subsatiation feeding levels maintained consistent feed intake, whereas exceeding satiation levels led to irregular feed intake patterns and a significant increase in day‐to‐day and tank‐to‐tank variabilities. The DFI 1 day before the first feed refusal was used to propose an optimized feeding table for barramundi. This study emphasizes the tradeoff between overall tank productivity and individual fish performance and showed that slightly underfeeding barramundi can be beneficial for day‐to‐day farm management.
Impact of Energy Intensity, R&D, Trade Openness, and Financial Market Development on Carbon Productivity in MENA: A Spatial Analysis
Authors: Mahmood Haider , Irshad Ateeq Ur Rehman , Tanveer Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Raising carbon productivity (CP) is a major challenge for economies to support sustainable growth. The literature is scant in investigating CP and is missing in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Thus, we aim to explore the effects of trade openness (TO), research and development (R&D), financial market development (FMD), and energy intensity (EI) on CP in 17 MENA countries from 2000 to 2019. The spatial Durbin model (SDM) is applied to capture the local and spillover impacts of all variables on the CP. The findings suggest that energy intensity reduces the CP domestically and in the whole MENA region. FMD does not affect local CP but helps raise the CP of neighbors and the whole MENA region. R&D raises the CP of local economies but has insignificant effects on neighbors. TO reduces the local CP and raises the CP of neighboring countries. Furthermore, the whole effect of TO is positive and TO helps to raise the CP in the entire MENA region. Moreover, the results substantiate the spillovers of CP among the MENA countries. On the whole, EI is reducing the CP and TO, R&D, and FMD are raising the CP in the MENA region. Thus, the study recommends reducing EI and promoting trade openness, R&D activities, and FMD in the MENA region to raise CP.
Clinical Challenges and Surgical Interventions in Managing Neck Hematoma After Cervical Spine Fusion: A Case Report
Authors: Rana Parimal , Turcotte Justin , Zaidi Sohail
Published: October 2024

This case study discusses a 47‐year‐old Caucasian male with a past medical history of dyslipidemia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, previous cervical spine surgery, and anxiety who developed a neck hematoma postrevision of a C5–6 cervical spine fusion. Emergent neck exploration and evacuation of the hematoma were performed, and ventilation was restored. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and extubated on postoperative day 5 with a stable wound and no residual bleeding. At the 3‐week follow‐up appointment, the patient was noted to be doing well, with a chest radiograph showing no effusion or hematoma. This report elucidates the challenges posed by acute clinical symptoms and their correlation with the underlying cause, as well as the subsequent management and outcomes of a neck hematoma complication following cervical spine surgery.
Improving Renewable Energy Recovery Efficiency in Variable Pressure Source Systems Through BP Neural Network Optimization
Authors: Yang Zhe , Xia Qingchao , Wang Jinshuai , Yang Canjun , Wang Xiang , Deng Liming , Li Shizhen , Ye Guoyun
Published: October 2024

The variable pressure source system is widely used in renewable energy recovery scenarios. However, the instability of the new energy input and the nonlinearity of the power generation system can lead to problems such as more difficult tracking and control of the maximum power point and poor power generation quality. To address the problem of lower efficiency under varying inputs, which is prevalent in renewable energy generation, this paper establishes an energy recovery system model based on power conversion rectifier topology, designs a speed current double closed‐loop control strategy, proposes an online variable‐step maximum efficiency point tracking method based on experience curves, and tests the overall energy recovery effect through system simulation and comparative experiments. The simulation results show that the maximum efficiency point tracking method proposed in this paper reduces the number of optimization searches by 50% and improves optimization speed. The experiment results show that, under the drastic changes of the input, the method proposed in this paper could reduce the total harmonic distortion to 5.65%, improve the energy recovery efficiency by 10.976%, and reduce the fluctuation ratio of the voltage to 2.43%. This study can provide an important reference for the collection and utilization of new energy sources.
Outbreak Response to Circulating Vaccine‐Derived Poliovirus in Three Northern Regions of Ghana, 2019
Authors: Odoom John Kofi , Dzotse Emmanuel Kofi , Nii-Trebi Nicholas Israel , Opare David , Akyereko Ernest , Attiku Keren , Duker Ewurabena Oduma , Eshun Miriam , Boahene Bismarck Banahene , Gberbi Emmanuel , Houphouet Ekua Essumanma , Diamenu Stanley , Adjabeng Michael , Asamoah-Frimpong Joseph , Ameme Donne , Opare Joseph Kojo Larbi , Obodai Evangeline
Published: October 2024

Background: Circulating Vaccine‐Derived Poliovirus Type 2 (cVDPV2) was isolated in sewage and later in stool samples from children with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in northern Ghana.

Method: A multidisciplinary and multisectoral team investigated this outbreak and reported on epidemiological and laboratory investigations. Sewage/wastewater samples were collected from the environment, while stool samples were collected from AFP/contact children under 5 years of age. The samples were processed for virus isolation, and positive isolates were sequenced. We also conducted a descriptive investigation involving a review of records, active case search, and Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine 2 campaigns. Additionally, we interviewed caregivers about the vaccination status of their children, as well as their knowledge on polio prevention. Water quality, sanitation, hygiene practices, and health‐seeking behaviours were also assessed.

Results: A total of 18 cVDPV2 were confirmed in the three regions of Ghana during the outbreak in 2019–2020. All strains were genetically linked to a Nigerian cVDPV2 strain NIE‐KWS‐KSB‐18‐006HC29 that circulated in 2018. Evaluation of the surveillance system shows that officers have good knowledge of AFP and know how to collect samples, package them, and ship them to the laboratory. Few communities had access to potable water. Open defecation was common, and the water supply, sanitation, and hygiene practices of the communities were poor.

Conclusion: The cVDPV2 outbreak represents the first time cVDPV2 has circulated in the country since Ghana embarked on the polio eradication program in 1996. However, with quality mOPV2 mop‐up campaigns, a nationwide IPV catch‐up campaign coupled with enhanced surveillance measures, transmission was interrupted.
An Internal Stress Detection Technology of Concrete Based on Displacement Current
Authors: Zhang Benniu , Li Xingxing , Zhang Yongshun , Su Yanpeng , Zhao Tian , Wang Hao
Published: October 2024

Existing testing methods inadequately capture the internal stress state of concrete, a vital structural safety metric, resulting in a divergence between measured and actual internal stress states, especially in larger structures. There is an urgent need for innovative theoretical and technical approaches that can directly, accurately, and instantly reflect the internal stress state of concrete, meeting the growing demand for such detection. This paper conducts experimental research on the internal stress detection of concrete based on the principle of displacement current. Firstly, the theoretical relationship between the internal stress and oscillation frequency of concrete is established. Secondly, two dielectric plates are embedded in the concrete specimen as a sensing unit, and an LC oscillation circuit is connected externally to express the internal stress state of the concrete in the form of oscillation frequency. The research findings suggest that there is a decrease in the oscillation frequency as the dielectric constant of the concrete increases. Additionally, a significant change in the oscillation frequency is observed because of the dielectric polarization effect that takes place during the pouring and curing of the concrete specimen. The concrete age starts from about 25 days, and its oscillation frequency gradually stabilizes; the internal stress of the concrete is proportional to the oscillation frequency, and they show a good correlation in the experiment.
Exploring the Support Provided by the Formal and Informal Network Members during “Hospital at Home” Treatment from a Nursing Perspective: An Interview Study
Authors: Gillham Jack , Vassilev Ivaylo , Band Rebecca
Published: October 2024

Pressure on healthcare systems to address growing population needs is forcing services to adapt, which includes supporting acute patients in the community. One emerging service in the United Kingdom that offers this level of treatment is “Hospital at Home” (HaH). Self‐management support is an area of particular importance in this context considering that acute treatment is provided in a community setting with limited input and monitoring by healthcare professionals. There is currently limited understanding about the range of formal and informal support and resources needed and accessed by patients in such circumstances, and whether and how HaH professionals engage with the everyday contexts and the network members of patients. Semistructured interviews were conducted with nurses (n = 9) from a single Hospital at Home site to further understand their experiences of providing acute treatments in the context of patients’ homes; and how self‐management and social network support roles are perceived. Thematic analysis was used and four themes were identified: The value of prioritising illness work at home within a discourse of person-centered care; the work involved in the “naturally” therapeutic environment of the home; partners as key members of the informal care team; limited awareness and engagement with (in)formal networks. Findings demonstrate tensions between discourses where nurses idealise the value of the home and a holistic service provision, while in practice prioritising illness (over relational, emotional, and practical) work and delivering a service that is routinised, and time‐ and cost‐efficient. Nurses recognise the positive role of network members for illness management in the context of people’s everyday life, but awareness and engagement are limited to partners and the formal services that HaH staffs are familiar with. Developing a better understanding of the role of social networks (SNs) in supporting people with acute needs at home can help improve patient experiences and care and HaH services, especially for people who are vulnerable, with complex needs, living alone, and with limited access to resources.
Cross‐Validation of Paranoid and Depressive Scales: Results From Functional MRI Group Independent Component Analysis
Authors: Stoyanov Drozdstoy , Paunova Rossitsa , Najar Diyana , Zlateva Gabriela , Kandilarova Sevdalina , Khorev Vladimir , Kurkin Semen A.
Published: October 2024

Objective: Based on earlier research, we hypothesized that patient response to diagnostically relevant items (paranoid (DP) and depressive (DS)) from clinical self‐assessment scale (PD‐S) could be cross‐validated when performed simultaneously with task‐based fMRI, resulting in specific and common neural circuit activations in response to the PDS items. In the current study, we tried to overcome one of the limitations of our previous research, namely, the lack of a healthy control (HC) group. Thus, our aim was to investigate the possible differences between patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and depression and HCs using independent component analysis.

Methods: A total of 72 subjects participated in this study, including 21 HCs, 26 patients with SCZ, and 25 patients with major depressive episode (DEP). Patients were scanned on a 3Т MRI system using a functional MRI task representing statements from DP‐DS scale and diagnostically neutral (DN) statements. The data were processed using group independent component analysis for fMRI toolbox (GIFT).

Results: Five components were identified as task‐related, but only three of them were found to demonstrate statistical difference between SCZ, DEP, and HC, namely, components 6, 7, and 9. The contrast between SCZ and HC was presented by Component 6 (cingulate gyrus and basal ganglia), which exhibited significant difference when comparing all three active conditions. On the other hand, SCZ and DEP group differences were presented by Component 7 for DS‐DN comparison (frontoparietal network and superior temporal gyrus) and Component 9 (medial frontal gyrus, precuneus, angular gyrus, and among others) which highlighted preferential processing related to the DP‐DN and the DS‐DP comparison.

Conclusion: Our results demonstrate differences in brain circuits processing preferentially diagnostic stimuli across the three groups. Those circuits involve mainly networks of cognitive and affective functioning, which provides insights in their role for pathophysiology of SCZ and DEP. This evidence fosters the theory of transdisciplinary validation, where neurobiological measure such as functional MRI is determined as external validity operation for the diagnostic assessment scales. This can facilitate the use of clinical evaluation methods as proxy measures of brain functions.
Betaine Supplementation Into High‐Carbohydrate Diets Improves Feed Efficiency and Liver Health of Megalobrama amblycephala by Increasing Taurine Synthesis
Authors: Pan Wenbo , Wang Fan , Xu Jia , Li Juntao , Gao Jian , Zhao Yuhua , Wang Qingchao
Published: October 2024

Dietary betaine supplementation has been reported to alleviate the adverse effects of high‐carbohydrate diets on Megalobrama amblycephala, while the regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, a 79‐day feeding trial was conducted with 450 juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala (average weight 6.75 ± 0.10 g), which were fed with five high‐carbohydrate diets (43%) supplementing betaine at 0% (CD group), 0.2% (0.2Bet group), 0.4% (0.4Bet group), 0.8% (0.8Bet group), and 1.6% (1.6Bet group), respectively. Results showed M. amblycephala in 0.8Bet group exhibited the best growth performance, indicated by the largest weight gain ratio (142.88%) and least feed conversion ratio (1.63). Moreover, liver health was promoted in 0.8Bet group, with decreased number of non‐nucleated cells and less lipid accumulation, which was accompanied by the lowest hepatosomatic index (1.38%). In order to further illustrate the regulatory mechanism, metabolites assay indicated that dietary betaine supplementation significantly increased plasma contents of methionine, serine, hypotaurine, and taurine, but did not affect plasma contents of cystathionine, cystine, or cysteic acid. Accordingly, the mRNA expressions of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase in cysteine sulfinic acid pathway and cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO) in sulfinic acid (CS) pathway, which were both involved in taurine synthesis, were also upregulated in the liver. Meanwhile, the microbial communities in M. amblycephala intestine were more stable and uniform with betaine supplementation. Therefore, dietary betaine supplementation may exert its protective roles in improving feed efficiency and liver health of M. amblycephala via promoting de novo taurine synthesis and stabilizing intestinal microbial communities.
LSD1 and CoREST2 Potentiate STAT3 Activity to Promote Enteroendocrine Cell Differentiation in Mucinous Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ladaika Christopher A. , Ghobashi Ahmed H. , Boulton William C. , Miller Samuel A. , O’Hagan Heather M.
Published: October 2024

Neuroendocrine cells have been implicated in therapeutic resistance and worse overall survival in many cancer types. Mucinous colorectal cancer (mCRC) is uniquely enriched for enteroendocrine cells (EEC), the neuroendocrine cells of the normal colon epithelium, as compared with non-mCRC. Therefore, targeting EEC differentiation may have clinical value in mCRC. In this study, single-cell multiomics uncovered epigenetic alterations that accompany EEC differentiation, identified STAT3 as a regulator of EEC specification, and discovered a rare cancer-specific cell type with enteric neuron–like characteristics. Furthermore, lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and CoREST2 mediated STAT3 demethylation and enhanced STAT3 chromatin binding. Knockdown of CoREST2 in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model resulted in decreased primary tumor growth and lung metastases. Collectively, these results provide a rationale for developing LSD1 inhibitors that target the interaction between LSD1 and STAT3 or CoREST2, which may improve clinical outcomes for patients with mCRC.

Significance: STAT3 activity mediated by LSD1 and CoREST2 induces enteroendocrine cell specification in mucinous colorectal cancer, suggesting disrupting interaction among LSD1, CoREST2, and STAT3 as a therapeutic strategy to target neuroendocrine differentiation.
Supplementary Table S2 from Combining Genomic Biomarkers to Guide Immunotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: van de Haar Joris , Mankor Joanne M. , Hummelink Karlijn , Monkhorst Kim , Smit Egbert F. , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Cuppen Edwin , Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , Voest Emile E.
Published: October 2024

STK11, KEAP1 and actionable EGFR alterations in the discovery cohort.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Combining Genomic Biomarkers to Guide Immunotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: van de Haar Joris , Mankor Joanne M. , Hummelink Karlijn , Monkhorst Kim , Smit Egbert F. , Wessels Lodewyk F.A. , Cuppen Edwin , Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , Voest Emile E.
Published: October 2024

The impact of tumor purity on the WGS-based TMB in the discovery cohort.
Supplementary Table S4 from Characterization of Wnt Signaling Pathway Aberrations in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Choi Sharon H. , Pan Elizabeth , Elliott Andrew , Beltran Himisha , Panian Justine , Jamieson Christina , Bagrodia Aditya , Rose Brent , Herchenhorn Daniel , Heath Elisabeth , Nabhan Chadi , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , McKay Rana R.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table S4
Supplementary Table S3 from Characterization of Wnt Signaling Pathway Aberrations in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Choi Sharon H. , Pan Elizabeth , Elliott Andrew , Beltran Himisha , Panian Justine , Jamieson Christina , Bagrodia Aditya , Rose Brent , Herchenhorn Daniel , Heath Elisabeth , Nabhan Chadi , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , McKay Rana R.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table S3
Supplementary Table S25 from Biologic and Clinical Analysis of Childhood Gamma Delta T-ALL Identifies LMO2/STAG2 Rearrangements as Extremely High Risk
Authors: Kimura Shunsuke , Park Chun Shik , Montefiori Lindsey E. , Iacobucci Ilaria , Pölönen Petri , Gao Qingsong , Arnold Elizabeth D. , Attarbaschi Andishe , Brown Anthony , Buldini Barbara , Caldwell Kenneth J. , Chang Yunchao , Chen Chelsey , Cheng Cheng , Cheng Zhongshan , Choi John , Conter Valentino , Crews Kristine R. , de Groot-Kruseman Hester A. , Deguchi Takao , Eguchi Mariko , Muhle Hannah E. , Elitzur Sarah , Escherich Gabriele , Freeman Burgess B. , Gu Zhaohui , Han Katie , Horibe Keizo , Imamura Toshihiko , Jeha Sima , Kato Motohiro , Chiew Kean H. , Khan Tanya , Kicinski Michal , Köhrer Stefan , Kornblau Steven M. , Kotecha Rishi S. , Li Chi-Kong , Liu Yen-Chun , Locatelli Franco , Luger Selina M. , Paietta Elisabeth M. , Manabe Atsushi , Marquart Hanne V. , Masetti Riccardo , Maybury Mellissa , Mazilier Pauline , Meijerink Jules P.P. , Mitchell Sharnise , Miyamura Takako , Moore Andrew S. , Oshima Koichi , Pawinska-Wasikowska Katarzyna , Pieters Rob , Prater Mollie S. , Pruett-Miller Shondra M. , Pui Ching-Hon , Qu Chunxu , Reiterova Michaela , Reyes Noemi , Roberts Kathryn G. , Rowe Jacob M. , Sato Atsushi , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Schrappe Martin , Shen Shuhong , Skoczeń Szymon , Spinelli Orietta , Stary Jan , Svaton Michael , Takagi Masatoshi , Takita Junko , Tang Yanjing , Teachey David T. , Thomas Paul G. , Tomizawa Daisuke , Trka Jan , Varotto Elena , Vincent Tiffaney L. , Yang Jun J. , Yeoh Allen E.J. , Zhou Yinmei , Zimmermann Martin , Inaba Hiroto , Mullighan Charles G.
Published: October 2024

CRISPR editing construct sequences.
Table S1 from Iron Chelation Therapy Elicits Innate Immune Control of Metastatic Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Sandoval Tito A. , Salvagno Camilla , Chae Chang-Suk , Awasthi Deepika , Giovanelli Paolo , Marin Falco Matias , Hwang Sung-Min , Teran-Cabanillas Eli , Suominen Lasse , Yamazaki Takahiro , Kuo Hui-Hsuan , Moyer Jenna E. , Martin M. Laura , Manohar Jyothi , Kim Kihwan , Sierra Maria A. , Ramos Yusibeska , Tan Chen , Emmanuelli Alexander , Song Minkyung , Morales Diana K. , Zamarin Dmitriy , Frey Melissa K. , Cantillo Evelyn , Chapman-Davis Eloise , Holcomb Kevin , Mason Christopher E. , Galluzzi Lorenzo , Ni Zhou Zhen , Vähärautio Anna , Cloonan Suzanne M. , Cubillos-Ruiz Juan R.
Published: October 2024

Table S1 describes all the human ascites samples analyzed
Supplementary Fig. S3 from Perivascular NOTCH3+ Stem Cells Drive Meningioma Tumorigenesis and Resistance to Radiotherapy
Authors: Choudhury Abrar , Cady Martha A. , Lucas Calixto-Hope G. , Najem Hinda , Phillips Joanna J. , Palikuqi Brisa , Zakimi Naomi , Joseph Tara , Birrueta Janeth O. , Chen William C. , Oberheim Bush Nancy A. , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Klein Ophir D. , Toedebusch Christine M. , Horbinski Craig M. , Magill Stephen T. , Bhaduri Aparna , Perry Arie , Dickinson Peter J. , Heimberger Amy B. , Ashworth Alan , Crouch Elizabeth E. , Raleigh David R.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Fig. 3. NOTCH3 immunohistochemistry across meningioma WHO grades. NOTCH3 expression is predominantly restricted to the perivascular niche in WHO grade 1 meningiomas in A, but extends beyond the perivascular niche in WHO grade 2 meningiomas in B and in WHO grade 3 meningiomas in C. SF numbers indicate individual meningiomas. WHO grade defined using histological criteria. Representative of n=10 meningiomas per grade. Scale bar, 100µm.
Supplementary Table S14 from Biologic and Clinical Analysis of Childhood Gamma Delta T-ALL Identifies LMO2/STAG2 Rearrangements as Extremely High Risk
Authors: Kimura Shunsuke , Park Chun Shik , Montefiori Lindsey E. , Iacobucci Ilaria , Pölönen Petri , Gao Qingsong , Arnold Elizabeth D. , Attarbaschi Andishe , Brown Anthony , Buldini Barbara , Caldwell Kenneth J. , Chang Yunchao , Chen Chelsey , Cheng Cheng , Cheng Zhongshan , Choi John , Conter Valentino , Crews Kristine R. , de Groot-Kruseman Hester A. , Deguchi Takao , Eguchi Mariko , Muhle Hannah E. , Elitzur Sarah , Escherich Gabriele , Freeman Burgess B. , Gu Zhaohui , Han Katie , Horibe Keizo , Imamura Toshihiko , Jeha Sima , Kato Motohiro , Chiew Kean H. , Khan Tanya , Kicinski Michal , Köhrer Stefan , Kornblau Steven M. , Kotecha Rishi S. , Li Chi-Kong , Liu Yen-Chun , Locatelli Franco , Luger Selina M. , Paietta Elisabeth M. , Manabe Atsushi , Marquart Hanne V. , Masetti Riccardo , Maybury Mellissa , Mazilier Pauline , Meijerink Jules P.P. , Mitchell Sharnise , Miyamura Takako , Moore Andrew S. , Oshima Koichi , Pawinska-Wasikowska Katarzyna , Pieters Rob , Prater Mollie S. , Pruett-Miller Shondra M. , Pui Ching-Hon , Qu Chunxu , Reiterova Michaela , Reyes Noemi , Roberts Kathryn G. , Rowe Jacob M. , Sato Atsushi , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Schrappe Martin , Shen Shuhong , Skoczeń Szymon , Spinelli Orietta , Stary Jan , Svaton Michael , Takagi Masatoshi , Takita Junko , Tang Yanjing , Teachey David T. , Thomas Paul G. , Tomizawa Daisuke , Trka Jan , Varotto Elena , Vincent Tiffaney L. , Yang Jun J. , Yeoh Allen E.J. , Zhou Yinmei , Zimmermann Martin , Inaba Hiroto , Mullighan Charles G.
Published: October 2024

Up-regulated pathways in STAG2/LMO2 subtype compared to other T-ALL cases for mouse leukemia initiating cells (LIC) signatures analyzed by gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA).
Supplementary Table S2 from CRISPR Dependency Screens in Primary Hematopoietic Stem Cells Identify KDM3B as a Genotype-specific Vulnerability in IDH2- and TET2-mutant Cells
Authors: Waarts Michael R. , Mowla Shoron , Boileau Meaghan , Martinez Benitez Anthony R. , Sango Junya , Bagish Maya , Fernández-Maestre Inés , Shan Yufan , Eisman Shira E. , Park Young C. , Wereski Matthew , Csete Isabelle , O’Connor Kavi , Romero-Vega Angelica C. , Miles Linde A. , Xiao Wenbin , Wu Xiaodi , Koche Richard P. , Armstrong Scott A. , Shih Alan H. , Papapetrou Eirini P. , Butler Jason M. , Cai Sheng F. , Bowman Robert L. , Levine Ross L.
Published: October 2024

CRISPR screens results
Supplementary Figure S7 from CRISPR Dependency Screens in Primary Hematopoietic Stem Cells Identify KDM3B as a Genotype-specific Vulnerability in IDH2- and TET2-mutant Cells
Authors: Waarts Michael R. , Mowla Shoron , Boileau Meaghan , Martinez Benitez Anthony R. , Sango Junya , Bagish Maya , Fernández-Maestre Inés , Shan Yufan , Eisman Shira E. , Park Young C. , Wereski Matthew , Csete Isabelle , O’Connor Kavi , Romero-Vega Angelica C. , Miles Linde A. , Xiao Wenbin , Wu Xiaodi , Koche Richard P. , Armstrong Scott A. , Shih Alan H. , Papapetrou Eirini P. , Butler Jason M. , Cai Sheng F. , Bowman Robert L. , Levine Ross L.
Published: October 2024

Role of 2-HG and KDM3B catalytic activity in KDM3B dependency