bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body weight loss and associated factors among adults People living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy in Shashemane referral Hospital, Oromia national regional state, Ethiopia: A facility based cross sectional Study
Authors: Bedassa Dedefo Bati , Gamebo Tsegaye Demissie , Teferi Dereje Yohannes
Published: April 2020

Background: HIV/AIDS and under nutrition commonly manifested as body weight loss are both highly prevalent in many parts of the world. Their effects are interrelated and act in a vicious cycle. Both HIV and under nutrition can independently cause progressive damage to the immune system and increased susceptibility to infection. Ethiopia is one of the countries affected by both epidemics, despite, study done on acute under nutrition among HIV/AIDS adults in particular were found inadequate. Thus the main aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of acute under nutrition (weight loss within 3 months) and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS adults on ART in Shashemane referral Hospital. Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study conducted in shashemane referral Hospital Oromia region, Ethiopia from August 3 to September 4.2016. Systematic random sampling technique employed and 402 study participants were included. Data was collected by interview patients using pre-tested structured questionnaire, review of patients register, weight and height measurements were taken. The data were entered into Epi Info version 3.5.1 and analyzed using version 20 SPSS statistical package and percentages of body weight loss were calculated. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with body weight loss of > 5% within three months. Strength of association determined using P< 0.05 and odd ratio (95% CI). Result: The magnitude body weight loss > 5% were 15.9% (95% CI; 12.4-19.7). Low CD4 level of less than 200mm3/ml (AOR=8.41,95% CI:3.46-20.44), inability to consume high protein diets like meat, egg & fish per week (AOR=2.97, 95% CI;1.39-6.35), low meal frequency of 2 or less per day (AOR=3.09,95% CI: 1.25-7.68) and low average income of 1000 birr per month (AOR=9.07,95% CI: 3.71-22.14) were significantly associated with Body weight loss of > 5% within 3 months with P<0.05. Conclusion: Body weight loss >5% within 3 months(acute under nutrition) is still a problem in people living with HIV/AIDS adults on ART, specifically among advanced immune compromised, low income, consumes less meal frequently per day and fewer or no consumption of animal product.
SPIF process of axisymmetric parts made of AA1060-H14 aluminum alloy tested on 2 axis-NC lathe machine
Authors: Lotfi Ben Said , Bouhamed Abir , Wali Mondher , Kolsi Lioua , Dammak Fakhreddine
Published: April 2020

This paper deals with an experimental and numerical study focused on the SPIF process of a dome part manufactured by means of a 2-axis NC lathe machine. The main objective is to enhance the understanding of a set of parameters in connection with ISF operations applied to this type of machine unusually used in incremental forming processes, despite the high degree of development of NC lathe machines. Nowadays 4 and 5 axis lathe centers are widely used in industrial applications. This makes NC lathe machines useful in SPIF process especially in the case of axisymmetric parts. The present results, covering thinning, appearance of cracks, surface quality and FLD diagram; prove the efficiency of NC turning machines to perform SPIF application of parts commonly manufactured by a 3-axis NC milling machine.
Efficacy of Surgical Revascularizations in Young and Middle-aged Patients with Symptomatic Middle Cerebral Arterial Occlusion
Authors: Wang Mingze , Liu Xingju , Cao Yong , Zhang Yan , Zhao Yuanli , Zhang Dong , Wang Shuo , Zhao Jizong
Published: April 2020

Background: Treatments on middle cerebral arterial occlusions (MCAO) remain controversial. This study aims at investigating efficacies of surgical revascularizations in young and middle-aged patients (aged 18-65 y) with symptomatic MCAO, and making comparisons between surgical procedures.Methods: From a seven-year prospective consecutive registry, 115 cases were enrolled in this study. Patient individually received medical therapy alone (medical group, n=64) and medical therapy plus direct or indirect revascularization (surgical group, n=51). The secondary ischemic events (SIE) was defined as the primary outcome. SIE incidences and SIE-free survival rates were compared between groups. Risk factors were analyzed using the Cox regression analysis.Results: During a follow-up of 42.7 months on average, SIE occurred in 11cases of medical group and 10 cases of surgical group. SIE incidences were indifferent between groups (surgical:medical = 19.6%:17%, P=0.810, 95%CI 0.455-3.034). SIE incidences were 29.4% and 0% in direct revascularization subgroup and indirect revascularization subgroup, respectively. Indirect revascularization induced a higher SIE-free survival rate than direct revascularization (Log-rank P=0.015) and medical therapy (Log-rank P=0.044). An age>43y, with concomitant intracerebral arterial stenosis, and hyperlipidaemia history were correlated to the occurrence of SIE, while presences of compensatory arteries and taking antihypertensive drugs reduced risks of SIE.Conclusions: Indirect revascularization plus medical therapy was more effective on SIE prevention than both medical treatments alone and direct revascularization plus medical therapy in young and middle aged patients with symptomatic MCAO. Direct revascularization was not recommended, for its similar efficacy to medical therapy alone.
Floral biology and reproductive effort of andromonoecious Aesculus indica Wall. ex Camb. Hook (Hippocastanaceae)
Authors: Pradhan Priya , Sukumaran Arun , Khanduri Vinod Prasad
Published: April 2020

Background

Andromonoecious is an unusual sex-expression in trees; in which an individual plant bears both functionally staminate and hermaphrodite flowers on the inflorescences. The significant effects of crown layers on reproductive success have not been studied so far. This study aims to investigate the effect of crown layers on floral biology and reproductive effort of Aesculus indica.

Results

The results revealed that the peak period of peak period of anthesis was between 06:00-08:00 h of the day. Male flower production was predominantly higher as compared to the perfect flower on the inflorescence. There was no significant variation between total pollen production in staminate and perfect flowers. The features like protogyny and inter-level asynchrony promote xenogamy, however, the intra-level asynchrony resulted geitonogamy. Controlled pollination treatment revealed the existence of self-incompatibility in flowers. Pollination syndromes of flowers are supporting ambophily. A trend of consistent improvement in reproductive success from lower canopy layers to upper canopy layers in trees was recorded. The crown layers have a significant impact on flower production, fruit, and seed set.

Conclusions

Increment in male flower production due to the increment in crown is a mechanism of reproductive assurance as a pollen donor and pollinator recipient and also due to the differential cost of expenditure of reproduction in crown layers.
Anti-malarial Activity Of Phenolic Acids Is Structurally Related
Authors: Fordjour Prince A , Adjimani Jonathan P , Asare Bright , Duah-Quashie Nancy O , Quashie Neils B
Published: April 2020

Background

In the absence of an effective vaccine against malaria, chemotherapy remains a major option in the control of the disease. Then, the recent report of the emergence and spread of clones of Plasmodium falciparum resistant to available antimalarial drugs should be of concern as it poses a threat to disease control. Compounds whose pharmacological properties have been determined and touted for other disease can be investigated for antimalarial activity. Phenolic acids (polyphenols) have been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antibiotic effects. However, information on their antimalarial activity is scanty. Phenolic acids are present in a variety of plant-based foods: mostly high in the skins and seeds of fruits as well as the leaves of vegetables. Systematic assessment of these compounds for antimalarial activity is therefore needed.

Method

Using the classical in vitro drug test, the antimalarial activities of five hydroxycinnamic acids, (caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, o-Coumaric acid and ferulic acid) and two hydroxybenzoic acids (gallic acid and protocatechuic acid) against 3D7 clones of Plasmodium falciparum was determined.

Results

Among the phenolic acids tested, caffeic acid and gallic acid were found to be the most effective, with mean IC 50 value of 17.73µg/ml and 26.59µg/ml respectively for three independent determinations. Protocatechuic acid had an IC 50 value of 30.08 µg/ml. Rosmarinic acid and chlorogenic acid, showed moderate antimalarial activities with IC 50 values of 103.59µg/ml and 105µg/ml respectively. The IC 50 values determined for ferulic acid and o-Coumaric acid were 93.36µg/ml and 82.23µg/ml respectively.

Conclusion

The outcome of this study suggest that natural occurring phenolic compounds have appreciable level of antimalarial activity which can be exploited for use through combination of actions/efforts including structural manipulation to attain an increase in their antimalarial effect. Eating of natural food products rich in these compounds could provide antimalarial prophylactic effect.
Optimal operative choice for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents: a comparative study of intramedullary flexible nails and plating
Authors: Li Jin , Rai Saroj , Ze Renhao , Tang Xin , Liu Ruikang , Hong Pan
Published: April 2020

Background: Traditionally, operative treatment for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents has been achieved by a plate and screws. However, a minimally invasive trend in most of the surgeries has led the pediatric orthopedic surgeons to use elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of adolescent patients who were surgically treated with the (ESIN) and plate for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.Methods: A total of 73 patients, aged between 10 years and 14 years, with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures were treated surgically from January 2014 to January 2018. Patients were categorized into two groups, ESIN (n = 45; male 27, female 18) and plate (n = 28; male17, female 11) according to surgical technique. The preoperative data, including baseline information of the patients, radiographic parameters, and types of surgical procedure, were collected from the hospital database. The postoperative data, including clinical outcome and complications, were collected during the follow-up visit. Clinical outcome was evaluated using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES).Results: The average age of the patients in the ESIN group was 12.2±1.5 years, and that in the Plate group was 12.2±1.4 years. There was a significantly less operative time, reduced estimated blood loss (EBL), shortened hospital stay and smaller incision for ESIN group as compared to the Plate group (P<0.01). The rate of scar concern was much higher in plate (14/28, 50%) than ESIN (2/45, 4.4%) , (P <0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in shoulder function between the ESIN group (94.5±2.8) and the Plate group (95.1±2.7), P = 0.36. In all the cases, implant removal was performed between 4 and 12 months postoperatively, and the ESIN group had significantly less operative time, EBL and shortened hospital stay as compared to the plate for implant removal (P<0.01).Conclusion: Both the ESIN and Plate are safe and effective treatment methods for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents. The ESIN is superior to plate in terms of shorter operative time, less intraoperative radiation exposure, shorter hospital stay, less scar concern and easier implant removals. However, ESIN for heavier kids remain cautious.
Air pollutants reinforce autism–like behavior in the VPA-Induced – rat model of autism
Authors: Emam Baharan , SHAHSAVANI ABBAS , Khodagholi Fariba , Hopke Philip K. , Abdollahifar Mohammad Amin , Hadei Mostafa , Mirbehbahani Seyed Hamidreza
Published: April 2020

Background: Studies reporting associations between ambient air pollution exposure and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased. Additionally, the effects of valproic acid (VPA) on ASD have been investigated. Pregnant women may have been simultaneously exposed to air pollution and antiepileptic drugs especially VPA. Thus, we hypothesized that simultaneous exposure to air pollution and valproic acid could reinforce ASD ̉s behaviors in male rats. The current in-vivo study investigated the dual effects of air pollution on the VPA-induced rat model of autism using molecular and behavioral experiments.Results: Seven exposure groups of rats included: 1) particulate matter and gaseous pollutants exposed - high dose of VPA (PGE-high), 2) particulate matter and gaseous pollutants exposed - low dose of VPA (PGE-low), 3) gaseous pollutants only exposed – high dose of VPA (GE-high), 4) gaseous pollutants only exposed –low dose of VPA (GE-low), 5) clean air exposed – high dose of VPA (CAE-high), 6) clean air exposed – low dose of VPA (CAE-low), 7) clean air exposed with no VPA injection (CAE). Rats were exposed to ambient PM2.5/gaseous pollutants from embryonic day (E0) to postnatal day (PND42). Exposures to air pollutants in PGE-high, PGE-low, GE-high and GE-low groups of rat increased the ASD behaviors including: poor locomotor activity, weaker exploration activity, impaired social interaction, communication, and repetitive/restricted behavior as well as decreased oxidative stress biomarkers like catalase (CAT) activity and GSH, and decreased level of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) compared to the negative control group (CAE) and the other two control group (CAE-low and CAE-high).Conclusions: This study suggested that simultaneous exposure to both air pollution and valproic acid contributed to ASD, and air pollution reinforces the mechanism of inducing ASD ̉s in VPA-induced –rat model of autism, and it has provided a future field of studies on the synergistic effects of air pollution
Neoantigen polypeptide vaccines induce effective antitumor response in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yu Yaojun , zhang jing , Ni Leyi , Zhu Yuesheng , Yu Hejie , Teng Yangyang , Lin Limiao , Xue Zhanxiong , Xue Xiangyang , Shen Xian , Song Haiping , Su Xiaoping , Sun Weihong , Cai Zhenzhai
Published: April 2020

Background: The role of neoantigens in cancer immunotherapy is crucial. However, the effectiveness and safety of personalized neoantigen vaccines in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially in Chinese population, has not been well studied. This paper mainly explores the feasibility and effectiveness of personalized neoantigen vaccines in CRC treatment. Methods: Whole-exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were used to identify somatic mutations, RNA expression and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Neoantigens were predicted, and the immunogenicity of neoantigen candidates was evaluated by ELISPOT in vitro. To verify the immunogenicity in vivo, neoantigen candidates from HLA-A0201+PW11 were used to immunized female 6-8-week-old HLA-A2.1/Kb-transgenic (Tg) mice. Neoantigen-reactive T cells (NRTs) were induced by immunogenic peptides from autologous HLA-A2.1/Kb to adoptive transfer transgenic mice, and C57BL/6nu/nu mice were used for in vivo antitumor response assays.Results: Compared to medium alone (no peptide) or the unrelated peptide VSV-NP43-69, the neoantigens TSHZ3-L523P, RARA-R83H, TP53-R248W, EYA2-V333I and NRAS-G12D from Patient 4 (PW4); HAVCR2-F39V, SEC11A-R11L, TASP1-P161L, RAP1GAP-S215R, MOSPD1-V63I and NAV2-D1973N from Patient 10 (PW10); and SMPDL3B-T452M, LRFN3-R118Q and ULK1-S248L from Patient 11 (PW11) induced notable peptide-specific T cell responses. The results indicated that about half of the predicted neoantigens for all 3 patients can stimulate T cell responses and antitumor effects in CRC. In addition, predicted neoantigens from PW11 (HLA-A0201) showed promising antitumor efficacy in HLA-A2.1/Kb-Tg mice and tumor-bearing mouse models.Conclusion: With the application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) sequencing of patient specimens, neoantigen prediction and a rapid immunoassay system, an evaluation system utilizing in vitro studies and in vivo transgenic and tumor-bearing mouse models can be used to screen strong immunogenic neoantigens in CRC patients. Accurate identification of neoantigens with strong immunogenicity would promote personalized cancer vaccine development.
Urine nucleic acid test positive in an asymptomatic patient with novel coronavirus 2019 infection: a case report
Authors: Wang Yaoyong , Chang Xinjian , Ren Jianguo , Li Dongyan , Wang Changfei , Zhang Xiaofei , Wu Jianhua , Wang Ying , Tian Yao , Sun Yujing , Gao Yanwen , Zhang Qian
Published: April 2020

Background: With the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 in many places around the world, the main medical resources currently focus on the treatment of confirmed patients and the screening of suspected cases. Asymptomatic patients are difficult to detect, but they may be contagious, which makes epidemic control more difficult. We found a case of asymptomatic patient with positive urine coronavirus nucleic acid test, and we hope to attract attention of all circles.Case presentation: An asymptomatic patient with novel coronavirus infection was found in an epidemiological investigation of patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019. The patient was admitted to the hospital on February 24, 2020. She had no clinical manifestations such as fever, dry cough, and fatigue, and no abnormal signs. The examination showed that her throat swab was negative for nucleic acid but the urine was positive for nucleic acid. She was given antiviral and symptomatic supportive treatment. On February 26, her throat swab was checked for nucleic acid positive. On March 3 and 5, her throat swab and urine nucleic acid were negative. On March 9 and 12, her throat swab nucleic acid were negative. The patient was discharged from the hospital on March 13 and continued to be isolated and observed outside the hospital. Follow-up was conducted on March 26, the patient did not have any discomfort, the throat swab nucleic acid test was negative, and the isolation was lifted.Conclusion: There are asymptomatic patients with coronavirus disease 2019, and their urine may be one of the sources of infection.
Nitrogen levels and rotation with cover crops in wheat under no-tillage
Authors: Martins Letícia Martins e , Arf Orivaldo , Buzo Fernando de Souza , Nascimento Vagner do , Garé Lucas Martins , Portugal José Roberto , Silveira Tayná Lara Serantoni da , Meirelles Flávia Constantino , Garcia Nayara Fernanda Siviero
Published: April 2020

The spread of the conservationist agriculture system involving green fertilization, crop rotation, and no-tillage has altered the dynamics of production, which can benefit the development and productivity of the successor crop, as well as the N fertilizer economy. In this context, the objective of this experiment was to study the effect of single maize cropping and maize intercropping with four cover crops in conjunction with the application of N doses under cover on wheat. The experiment was carried out in 2015 and 2017, in an experimental area using a 5 × 4 factorial randomized block experimental design with four replicates. Treatments consisted of the combination of five cover crops (maize, maize + Crotalaria spectabilis, maize + Cajanus cajan, maize + Canavalia ensiformis, and maize + Urochloa ruziziensis) with four N doses (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha-1) in no-tillage wheat production. The main production components and yield of wheat were evaluated. It was concluded that the plant residues of maize + Canavalia ensiformis and maize + Urochloa ruziziensis enhanced the yield of wheat cultivated in the winter of 2015 and 2017, when compared with the other treatments. The effect of N doses on wheat grain yield was positive (with significant increase in grain yield) and the maximum average was obtained with the application of 74 and 86 kg ha-1 of N in 2015 and 2017, respectively.
Response of peach tree leaf area to seasonal variation in tropical climate
Authors: Penso Gener Augusto , Serafini Gabriel Antônio Dalapicula , Santos Carlos Eduardo Magalhães dos , Picoli Edgard Augusto de Toledo , Cremasco João Paulo Gava , Paiva Matheus Matos de
Published: April 2020

Here, we describe differences in the establishment of the leaf limb area and morphology of peach tree attributed to different seasonal conditions at a high-altitude tropical climate. The cultivars ‘Tropic Beauty’, ‘BRS Kampai’ and ‘BRS Rubimel’ were cultivated in a production area located in Ervália – MG, Brazil. A series of experiments is being carried out in this area since 2016, and the data collection for the present report was carried out in the 2018 productive cycle, when the plants were 4 years old. Fully expanded leaves were collected from ‘brindilla’ type (with same flushes vegetative growth) branches according to the period of the year. Leaves were collected for two seasons in year, August (first flushes) and December (second flushes) 2018. Three hundred leaves from each cultivar at each season were collected randomly as representative of the canopy in its middle portion. They were separated into ten replicates and evaluated individually for length, width and leaf area. All cultivars exhibited cyclic and significant differences in length, width and leaf area attributed to the environmental conditions, where and when they were developed. Further investigation is needed regarding this differential leaf growth and its impact on the production of peach trees grown in tropical highland regions.
Growth, biomass distribution, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) under drought conditions
Authors: Ayala Carlos Cardona , Villadiego Carlos Cardona , Pacheco Carlos Peñate , Tatis Hermes Araméndiz , Camacho Miguel M. Espitia
Published: April 2020

Drought modifies plant development and generates losses in agricultural production. The aim of this study was to analyze the growth, biomass distribution, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence in nine cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes under drought conditions in the greenhouse condition. A completely randomized experimental design with four replicates was used. The following genotypes (treatments) of LC-006-016, LC-029-016, LC-036-016, LC-021-016, LC-005-016, LC-009-016, LC-014-016, LC-002-016, and Caupicor-50 (control) were evaluated with irrigation for 21 days (after sowing) and 38 days of drought (DD) for a total duration of 59 days. In a simultaneous experiment, other plants of the same genotypes were irrigated for 59 days after sowing (DAS) with replacement of evapotranspirated water every three days. Measures of plant height and number of leaves were taken every four days, biomass at 59 days, gas exchange every seven days and chlorophyll fluorescence at 17, 21 and 38 DD. Moisture losses were quantified by recording the loss of soil weight every three days. The results showed that plant height reached 72.2% lower in plants under drought, while the vegetative biomass decreased by 76.3%. The photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were decreased 64.6%, 93.1%, and 86.9% under drought, respectively. Furthermore, intrinsic water use efficiency (A/gs) was increased almost six times. However, it was decreased when drought progressed towards the soil water content loss more than 0.0827 g.g-1. The quantum yield of photosynthesis (ΦPSII) was decreased 28.4%, 40.3% and 43.5% at 17, 21 and 38 DD, respectively, under drought condition. The principal component analysis (PCA) suggests that the genotypes with higher A/gs and those with higher biomass production show greater resistance to drought.
Evaluation of social and economic insecurity risks for employees during structural transformations in the modern labor market
Authors: Novikova Olga , Shamileva Larisa
Published: April 2020

This article systematizes main factors of socio-economic insecurity aggravation for employees during structural transformations, which take place on the modern labor market. These factors are related to inefficient employment and low level of labor productivity, regressive mobility of the employed population, loss of educational and labor potential of the country, low competitiveness of its labor force both in domestic and foreign labor markets, increase of unemployment among able-bodied people and informal employment, especially among young people and higher-level professionals, widening the gender gap in the employment structure to the benefit of older age groups. A methodological implementation of the assessments of social and economic insecurity risks for employees has been developed and verified in the study. It is based on comparing performance levels in particular components in specific time intervals. It is substantiated that, due to changes in the structure of the labor market and in the system of social and labor relations, the main factors of increasing the vulnerability of employees are related to the deindustrialization of the national economy, which is accompanied by formation of a regressive educational and professional structure of employed, as well as by the loss of motivation for productive work and increase in the professional level, reduction of social protection of employees, the growth of informal employment among young people and highly qualified specialists. High scale of labor migration and low demand for specialists in the internal labor market, low wages lead to loss of labor and educational potential and narrow the conditions for the development and realization of the country’s human capital.
Interdependence of flow and pipe characteristics in transient induced contamination intrusion: numerical analysis
Authors: Keramat Alireza , Payesteh Milad , Brunone Bruno , Meniconi Silvia
Published: April 2020

Contaminant intrusion in pipelines during transients is a remarkable mechanism, which leads to a decline in the quality of the contained water. The negative pressure of water hammer pressure waves is the trigger for the suction of pollution from the surrounding leak area, and hence deteriorating water quality. The volume of contamination intruded into the pipeline is investigated using mathematical and numerical modeling of the phenomenon. To elucidate this phenomenon in real pipe systems, the intrusion amount is estimated for 72 different scenarios including: two lengths of pipeline (i.e. short and long), three different leak locations, three different fluid velocities in the pipe, two leak diameters and two pipeline materials (elastic and viscoelastic). The results showed that the amount of intrusion in viscoelastic pipes was clearly less than that in elastic pipes, especially in long pipelines. The critical zone of high intrusion risk is identified close to the downstream valve for small leak sizes, nevertheless, it is difficult to estimate this zone in the case of large leaks due to significant interactions between nodal components (valve, leak, reservoir).
Study of Cobalt Doped GdAlO3 for Electrochemical Application
Authors: Kunhan Jisha P. , Chandrappa Prashantha S. , Ravikumar C.R. , Hanumantharayappa Nagabhushana , Naik Ramachandra , Pothu Ramyakrishna , Boddula Rajender , Al Otaibi Ahmed
Published: April 2020

Background:

Nano perovskite-type structures as denoted by ABO3 (A= RE) have been
popular targets of fundamental investigations since they exhibit a wide variety of physical properties
depending upon the chemical composition, defects and small changes in atomic arrangements.

Methods:

GdAlO3: Co2+ (1, 3 &9 mol %) was synthesized using the solution combustion method by
using stoichiometric quantities of gadolinium nitrate [Gd (NO3)3], aluminium nitrate (Al (NO3)2, and
cobalt nitrate Co(NO3)2.

Results:

The morphology, structure and particle size of the prepared GdAlO3: Co2+ sample were
characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) image. The Fourier transform infrared
(FT-IR) spectral analysis confirmed that the as-prepared powder was in pure state. Electrochemical
impedance measurements (EIS) of different GdAlO3: Co2+ samples were measured vs. Ag/AgCl in
the frequency range of 1 Hz to 1 MHz with AC amplitude of 5 mV at steady-state which clearly indicated
that Co2+ dopant is a successful doping material for the fabrication of supercapacitors.

CONCLUSION:

Electrochemical impedance measurements (EIS) of different GdAlO3: Co2+ samples
were measured vs. Ag/AgCl in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 1 MHz with AC amplitude of 5 mV at
steady-state which clearly indicated that Co2+ dopant is a successful doping material for the fabrication
of supercapacitors. From a future perspective, we believe that GdAlO3: Co2+ composite material
could be a promising electrode material for the fabrication of various sensors, supercapacitors and
solar cells.
Cloud-Based System for Effective Surveillance and Control of COVID-19: Useful Experiences From Hubei, China
Authors: Gong Mengchun , Liu Li , Sun Xin , Yang Yue , Wang Shuang , Zhu Hong
Published: April 2020

Background

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been an unprecedented challenge to the global health care system. Tools that can improve the focus of surveillance efforts and clinical decision support are of paramount importance.

Objective

The aim of this study was to illustrate how new medical informatics technologies may enable effective control of the pandemic through the development and successful 72-hour deployment of the Honghu Hybrid System (HHS) for COVID-19 in the city of Honghu in Hubei, China.

Methods

The HHS was designed for the collection, integration, standardization, and analysis of COVID-19-related data from multiple sources, which includes a case reporting system, diagnostic labs, electronic medical records, and social media on mobile devices.

Results

HHS supports four main features: syndromic surveillance on mobile devices, policy-making decision support, clinical decision support and prioritization of resources, and follow-up of discharged patients. The syndromic surveillance component in HHS covered over 95% of the population of over 900,000 people and provided near real time evidence for the control of epidemic emergencies. The clinical decision support component in HHS was also provided to improve patient care and prioritize the limited medical resources. However, the statistical methods still require further evaluations to confirm clinical effectiveness and appropriateness of disposition assigned in this study, which warrants further investigation.

Conclusions

The facilitating factors and challenges are discussed to provide useful insights to other cities to build suitable solutions based on cloud technologies. The HHS for COVID-19 was shown to be feasible and effective in this real-world field study, and has the potential to be migrated.
Thailand’s Policy and Law on Atmosphere Management for People’s Welfare: The Fight Against Climate Change
Authors: Jaderojananont Peerapon
Published: April 2020

It is so true that climate change becomes the common concern of humankind which does not adversely affect any individual country only, but its effects also threaten the global community as a whole. As provided by international framework, climate change should be mitigated with the stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a safe and appropriate level. Although Thailand is not one of industrialized countries contributed to greenhouse gases emissions, it should take actions to cooperate with those countries to comply with such international framework. This article focuses on exploring and examining Thailand’s policy and law adopted to reduce greenhouse gases emissions in order to prove how Thailand is highly potential to comply and cooperate with the global community. This will reflect the substantial creation of low carbon society in Thailand where Thai people will be finally secured against the dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
The Authority of the Local Government in Forest Management and its Implication toward Local Autonomy in Riau Province
Authors: HB Gusliana
Published: April 2020

The authority of local government in forest management in the Province of Riau has not been running as yet so far, because there is deviation in it, that caused by functionaries as well as individual community around of the forest area. Forest management by the regency government is still far from the principles of well government management, transparency, participation, accountability, and professional. The obstacles for local government to do forest management authority in the Province of Riau such as, firstly, law and regulations. Secondly, permit and supervision instruments. Thirdly, law enforcement officers. Fourthly, community. While the system of local government authority farther in forest management can be done through first, the system of forest management through Unity of Forest Management (KHP) concept. Second, the system of community participation by involving the local community more broadly in planning, maintenance, management, decision making, implementation, and supervision. In order to give comprehension for local community that importance of everlasting and sustainable forest management program for future generation by increasing counseling and socialization. The implication of forest management towards local autonomy shows a dynamic transformation, authority friction in forest management that was decentralization became centralization.
Legal Protection of Cultural Objects in the Armed Conﬂict
Authors: Putra Akbar Kurnia , Sipahutar Bernard , Iswenanda Vrandza , Daud Sulhi Muhammad
Published: April 2020

This article aims to overview how the International Humanitarian Law regulates the protection of cultural heritages at the event of armed conﬂict. Applying a normative legal method, this article coclude that the protection for the cultural objects during an armed conﬂict is regulated in the Hague Convention IV of 1907, the Geneva Conventions IV of 1949, the Hague Convention of 1954, and the Second Protocols to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conﬂict 1999. The Hague Convention of 1954 mentions about safeguarding of the cultural property from any harm as a result of armed conﬂicts and about respect for the cultural objects. Each nation is responsible to avoid, prevent, and forbid any harfmul acts against cultural property. However, no stipulation is mentioned on how the victims whose cultural objects are destroyed could sue for any destructions. Therefore it is recommended that a special International Body be formed to supervise any harmful activities toward the cultural objects. Such a body might be more than just an International Court of Justice whose function is to settle any objections, sues, or claims from parties whose cultural objecs have been destroyed during armed conﬂicts.
Fractal Hilbert sensor to detect partial discharge on transformer
Authors: Sinaga Herman Halomoan
Published: April 2020

The design of fractal Hilbert sensor is presented in this paper. The sensor is intended to detect partial discharge (PD) in transformer insulation. The fractal Hilbert sensor designed using 4 order fractal and etching on single layer PCB board. The Hilbert fractal type is chosen as this type of sensor can be built on smaller area compare to other types. The sensor overall dimension is limited to 5x5 cm as it is proposed to be use to detect the PD presence in transformer. The sensor sensitivity is tested using a closed type TEM cell. After the sensitivity of the sensor is tested the sensor then applied to detect the PD signals emitted by void PD defect model. The results show the sensor has sensitivity as high as 10 dB. The sensor also has capability to detect the PD signals generated by the PD defect source. The waveforms captured by the sensor show the sensors can capture high frequency pulse generated by the PD source.  Keywords: Partial Discharge (PD), Fractal Hilbert Sensor UHF, Sensor Sensitivity
Avaruudessa konekaan ei kuule huutoasi
Authors: Grönholm Pertti , Kärki Kimi
Published: April 2020

Artikkelin kirjoittajat tutkivat kolmea tieteiselokuvaa: 2001: Avaruusseikkailu, Pimeä tähti ja Alien – kahdeksas matkustaja, joiden yksi keskeisistä teemoista on älykkään koneen ja ihmisen välinen vuorovaikutus. Kirjoittajat erittelevät elokuvien ihmisten ja koneiden muodostamia suljettuja yhteisöjä, erityisesti keinoälyn ja miehistön suhteita ja dialogia. Kirjoittajat tarkastelevat elokuvia yhtäältä tekijälähtöisesti, keskittyen niiden tulevaisuuskuviin sisältyviin kysymyksiin, varoituksiin ja uhkakuviin sekä toisaalta tarkastelemalla keinoälytematiikkaa suhteessa elokuvien omaan historialliseen kontekstiin.Keinoälytematiikan kautta elokuvantekijät ovat käsitelleet laajoja kysymyksiä, jotka liittyvät ihmisyyden eri puoliin, kuten tiedonjanoon ja uteliaisuuteen, ihmislajin ekspansiivisuuteen, taloudelliseen hyödyn tavoitteluun, väkivaltaisuuteen ja sosiaalisiin valtasuhteisiin. Samalla elokuvat esittävät kysymyksiä koneiden ja ihmisten rajojen hämärtymisestä, toiseuden kokemuksista sekä keinoälyyn liitetyistä pelon, pyhyyden ja kiehtovuuden ja ylevän teemoista.In space, even the machine doesn't hear your scream. The human-AI dialogue in three science fiction films of 1968-1979Grönholm and Kärki research three science fiction films: 2001: A Space Odyssey (Stanley Kubrick, 1968), Dark Star (John Carpenter, 1974), and Alien (Ridley Scott, 1979). They all contain the interaction of the intelligent machine and human as one of their central themes. In particular, the authors analyse the closed communities of the space ships, focusing on the relations and dialogue between the human crew and the Artificial Intelligence (AI). Special emphasis is given to the intentions of the filmmakers – both directors and screenplay writers – and how the questions, warnings and threats about the future were envisioned in each film. On the other hand, the theme of AI itself is also historically contextualized.Furthermore, the authors consider the wider questions these films ask about the nature of humanity: thirst for knowledge, curiosity, expansion of our species, reach for profit, violence, and social hierarchies. Simultaneously, these films also seem to ask questions about the blurring of the boundaries between the human and machine, experiences of otherness, and feelings of fear, sacral, fascination, and sublime that are associated with the AI.
Стратегии лечения терминальной сердечной недостаточности
Authors: Mahmudova A.N.
Published: April 2020

Проблема лечения хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН) является одной из самых обсуждаемых. Медикаментозная терапия находится на высоком уровне благодаря современным знаниям о патогенезе и патоморфологии этого заболевания, наличию фармакологических и иных методов коррекции. Однако иногда возможности медикаментозной терапии бывают ограничены, и это послужило стимулом для поиска нефармакологических методов лечения ХСН. Отдаленный мониторинг амбулаторных пациентов с ХСН продемонстрировал, что в ряде случаев существует необходимость использования инвазивных методов лечения с целью сохранения жизни пациента. Клиническая эффективность и безопасность ресинхронизирующей терапии при устойчивой к медикаментозному лечению сердечной недостаточности не вызывают сомнений и подтверждены результатами крупных исследований. Использование искусственных систем механической поддержки кровообращения также прочно вошло в протокол лечения пациентов с сердечной недостаточностью. За прошедшее десятилетие применение систем механической поддержки кровообращения в клинической практике значительно возросло, а стратегии использования метода совершенствовались. Накопленный опыт по двухэтапной трансплантации сердца с использованием имплантируемых систем искусственных желудочков сердца, способных обеспечивать механическую поддержку в течение 200500 суток, с полным восстановлением насосной функции сердца, позволил поставить вопрос о возможности применения систем механической поддержки кровообращения в качестве моста для восстановления сердечной мышцы. Трансплантация сердца входит в арсенал методов лечения пациентов с необратимыми заболеваниями миокарда. Для большинства больных в терминальной стадии сердечной недостаточности она является единственной возможностью излечения. В настоящее время в мире ежегодно выполняется более 3000 подобных операций. Многообразие подходов и используемых методов при лечении этого тяжелейшего контингента больных указывает на неиссякаемый интерес к данной теме. Проблема поиска оптимального медикаментозного алгоритма и методик хирургического лечения терминальной сердечной недостаточности остается одной из наиболее актуальных в современной кардиологии и кардиохирургии.
Роль лучевой диагностики в оценке естественного старения головного мозга
Authors: Portnov IU.M. , Semenov S.E. , Sigitov I.V. , Korotkevich A.A.
Published: April 2020

Благодаря возможности изучать человеческий мозг in vivo с помощью лучевых методов исследования понимание природы и места возрастных изменений вызывает все больший интерес. Изменения объ- ема мозга с течением времени у здоровых взрослых весьма вариабельны. Хотя уменьшение объема мозга распространено широко, его степень различна в разных регионах мозга. Старение мозга осно- вано на множестве факторов, и у каждого индивида они выражены по-разному. Объем мозга с возрастом уменьшается даже у относительно здоровых взрослых лиц без признаков общего снижения когнитивных способностей. Старение мозга нелинейно, никаких половых различий в возра- стных тенденциях старения мозга не наблюдается. Индивидуальные различия в степени и виде изме- нений существенны и в некоторых важных областях мозга усиливаются или в определенной степени обусловливаются сосудистыми факторами риска.
Новые перспективы исследования гемостатических покрытий на основе хитозана in vivo и in vitro
Authors: Belozerskaia G.G. , Momot A.P. , Pyhteeva M.V. , Kabak V.A. , Nevedrova O.E. , Bychichko D.IU. , Lempert A.R. , Malyhina L.S. , Momot D.A. , Golubev E.M. , SHirokova T.I. , Mironov M.S. , Akopian L.V.
Published: April 2020

Цель исследования провести экспериментальную оценку гемостатической активности локальных покрытий в форме губки на основе растворов хитозана in vivo и in vitro. Материал и методы. Для изготовления исследуемых покрытий использовались растворы хитозана с массовой долей 0,5, 1,0, 1,5 и 2,0, в качестве растворителя применяли 0,5 уксусную или 0,5 молочную кислоту. На основе данных растворов были изготовлены экспериментальные образцы покрытий в форме губки. Гемостатическую активность определяли посредством измерения времени остановки кровотечения и объема кровопотери. Влияние взаимодействия контактной поверхности покрытий в форме губки с кровью in vitro оценивали по результатам подсчета числа тромбоцитов и определения уровня фибриногена в плазме крови. Интегральную оценку системы гемостаза проводили с помощью тромбоэластометрии стабилизированной цитратом натрия крови и теста генерации тромбина в плазме крови. Результаты. Высокой гемостатической активностью в экспериментах in vivo обладали локальные покрытия в форме губки на основе 0,5 и 2,0 растворов хитозана в 0,5 уксусной кислоте (67,6524,23 и 65,659,68 соответственно). Результаты исследований in vitro данных покрытий подтвердили ускорение процесса образования первичного тромба при взаимодействии их с кровью. Покрытия на основе изученных растворов хитозана в 0,5 молочной кислоте и 1,0 и 1,5 растворов хитозана в 0,5 уксусной кислоте не проявили гемостатической активности в экспериментах in vivo и практически не изменяли параметры гемостаза in vitro. Экспериментальные исследования 59 Клиническая физиология кровообращения. 2020 17 (1). DOI: 10.24022/1814-6910-2020-17-1-58-69 Заключение. Выявлена взаимосвязь между значениями гемостатической активности раневых покрытий на основе растворов хитозана в уксусной кислоте in vivo при их локальной аппликации на раневую поверхность печени кролика и особенностями реагирования крови при контакте с этими покрытиями in vitro. Проведение совместных исследований по изучению системы гемостаза как in vivo, так и in vitro представляется перспективным направлением для оценки взаимосвязи структурного состояния и механизма действия новых гемостатических средств.
Narrativas del después: El “boom de la memoria” y las imaginaciones culturales del pasado violento en el escenario del pos-conflicto vasco
Authors: Eser Patrick
Published: April 2020

Introducción
Las víctimas en el cine tras el cese definitivo del terrorismo de ETA (2012-2017): memoria, reconciliación y humor
Authors: Roncesvalles Labiano
Published: April 2020

Este artículo explora la representación de las víctimas en los largometrajes cinematográficos en torno al terrorismo en Euskadi estrenados tras el anuncio del cese definitivo de la “actividad armada” de ETA en 2011. El cine, como testigo y agente de la historia, ha transmitido las nuevas preocupaciones, debates y perspectivas sobre el pasado y el futuro en el País Vasco que han surgido o se han consolidado en los últimos años. Buena parte de ellos aluden a las víctimas o las tienen como protagonistas. Como se observa en estas páginas, los cineastas han transmitido a través de su obra una imagen determinada de este colectivo y su memoria y le han atribuido distintos roles, más o menos activos, para el futuro.
¿Y si nos reímos? La comedia cinematográfica tras el fin de ETA
Authors: Barrenetxea Marañón Igor
Published: April 2020

Aunque se han rodado más de un centenar de películas sobre ETA, salvo una, todas han sido retratos amargos del drama de su violencia y terror. No será hasta su anuncio del fin de la vía armada, en 2011, cuando se abriría una senda inusitada a la hora de tratar la influencia del terrorismo en la sociedad española con una serie de películas de humor como son: 8 apellidos vascos (2014), Negociador (2014) y Fe de etarras (2017). Este artículo analiza las claves de estos filmes y la necesidad que cobra toda sociedad de encarar ciertas crudas realidades mediante la sátira y la comedia.
Informe bibliográfico sobre la obra de Martin Heidegger
Authors: Rojas Jiménez Alejandro
Published: April 2020

RESUMENEl informe presentado contiene la relación de la obra completa de Heidegger, así como una selección de monografías interesantes para su comprensión. Se ha añadido también la información sobre la edición de la correspondencia, las últimas ediciones de las obras de Heidegger traducidas al castellano y las colecciones dedicadas a la promoción de su pensamiento.PALABRAS CLAVEHEIDEGGER, MONOGRAFÍAS, OBRAS COMPLETAS, ESTUDIOSABSTRACTThis bibliographical report contains the relation of the complete works of Heidegger, as well as a selection of interesting monographs for the understanding of his work. The report inludes the information on the edition of the correspondence, the last editions of works of Heidegger translated and the collections dedicated to the promotion of their thought.KEYWORDSHEIDEGGER, MONOGRAPHS, COMPLETE WORKS, STUDIES