bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors and prognosis of PCI-related myocardial injury in chronic total occlusion
Authors: Kong Tianzhong , Dai Xintong , Luan Bo , Zhang Xiaojiao , Hou Aijie , Wang Yong
Published: May 2022

Background: Periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI) is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, its incidence and prognostic impact in chronic total occlusion (CTO) PCI remains unclear. Method: To evaluate the predictors and prognostic impact of PMI following PCI in patients with CTO. This study included 132 patients; of them, 8 in whom procedure failed were excluded. Thus, a total of 124 patients in whom procedure was successful were divided into the PMI group (n=42) and the non-PMI group (n=82) according to their c-TnI levels measured hourly after procedure. By comparing the baseline data and angiographic characteristics of the two groups, we analyzed PMI predictors and the correlation between PMI and in-hospital major adverse cardiac events. Results: Overall, PMI occurred in 42 patients (33.9%). Comparing with non-PMI group, PMI group had more diabetes (54.8% vs 31.7%,P=0.013) and dyslipidemia (54.8% vs 13.4%, P＜0.001). Also, there were significant differences between the two groups in left ventricular ejection fraction(43.2±7.2vs47.2±8.0，P=0.027), prior myocardial infarction(54.8%vs43.1%，P=0.020), prior PCI(57.1%vs22.0%，P＜0.001) and prior CABG(14.3%vs2.4%，P=0.011). In angiographic characteristic, patients with PMI had more calcified lesions (52.4%vs24.4%，P=0.002) and were more likely to have multivessel artery disease (71.4%vs35.4%，P＜0.001). In addition, patients in the PMI group had higher J-CTO scores (3.3±1.0vs1.9±0.5，P＜0.001) and were more likely to have wire-crossing difficulties (64.3%vs37.8%，P=0.005), require the use of retrograde approach (38.1%vs7.3%，P＜0.001) and have procedural complications (19.0%vs2.4%，P=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, multivessel artery disease (odd ratio [OR]，4.347；confidence interval [CI]，1.601-11.809；P=0.004), retrograde approach (OR，4.036；CI，1.162-14.020；P=0.028) and the presence of procedural complications (a composite of iatrogenic coronary artery dissection/haematoma/perforation or cardiac tamponade)(OR，16.480；CI，2.515-107.987；P=0.003) were predictors of PMI. Conclusion: The incidence of PMI in CTO patients after PCI was about 33%. Multivessel artery disease, retrograde approach, and the presence of procedural complications were predictors of PMI after CTO-PCI. Patients who develop PMI tend to have a poorer clinical prognosis and more in-hospital MACE than those who do not develop PMI.
Association of plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and frailty in community- dwelling older adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study
Authors: Roh Eun , Hwang Soon Young , Song Eyun , Park Min Jeong , Yoo Hye Jin , Baik Sei Hyun , Kim Miji , Won Chang Won , Choi Kyung Mook
Published: May 2022

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an exercise-induced neurotrophin, is an important factor in memory consolidation and cognitive function. This study evaluates the association between plasma BDNF levels and frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Plasma BDNF levels were analyzed in a total of 302 individuals aged 70–84 years from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. There were 30 (9.9%) participants with frailty. They were older and had a higher prevalence of dementia and depression than those without frailty. There were no differences in the proportion of male sex between the frail and non-frail groups. Plasma BDNF levels were significantly lower in participants with frailty than in those without frailty. The presence of frailty was significantly associated with plasma BDNF levels (odds ratio 0.508, 95% confidence interval 0.304–0.849) as well as age, hemoglobin, and the presence of dementia, and depression. After adjustment for confounding factors, the significant association between plasma BDNF and frailty was maintained (0.495, 0.281–0.874). This association remained consistent after exclusion of individuals with dementia, depression, stroke, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Plasma BDNF levels were significantly associated with frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Our study may suggest the possible role of BDNF as a novel biomarker of frailty.
Design and Analysis of Hybrid Dispersion Compensation Techniques for 32×40Gbps DWDM Optical Transmission Systems
Authors: GUPTA RAJKUMAR , MEENA M. L.
Published: May 2022

In this article, the proposed modal evaluates the performance of 32×40Gb/s dense wavelength division multiplex (DWDM) optical transmission systems through hybrid dispersion compensation techniques which are Dispersion-Compensation-Fiber (DCF), DCF-FBG (Fiber Braggs Grating), OPC (Optical-Phase-Conjugation)-DCF, and OPC-DCF-FBG using Gaussian, Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) and Return-to-Zero (RZ) pulse generators. Performance of proposed modal is evaluated through single-mode fiber (SMF) length between 100-500km with an optimized length of DCF/FBG for low-cost optical transmission systems. The performance of the designed model is evaluated in terms of quality-factor (Qfactor), bit-error-rate (BER), eye diagrams, and cost analysis for all proposed combinations of dispersion compensation techniques. The quality factor and BER are also evaluated at different input power levels. It is found that the hybrid combination of OPC-DCF-FBG techniques having RZ pulse-generator gives the best performance with low cost for 500km long-haul optical transmission systems.
Association of Lipid, Inflammatory and Metabolic Biomarkers With Age at Onset for Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Tian Xue , Zuo Yingting , Chen Shuohua , Zhang Yijun , Zhang Xiaoli , Xu Qin , Luo Yanxia , Wu Shouling , Wang Anxin
Published: May 2022

Background: Risk profiles for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) are unclear. This study aimed to examine baseline risk profiles for incident CVD by age at onset in Chinese population. Methods: A total of 97,841 participants without CVD were enrolled from the Kailuan cohort study. Four age groups were examined (<55, 55 to <65, 65 to <75 and ≥75 years) for CVD onset. Risk profiles included clinical, lipid, metabolic, and inflammatory risk factors and biomarkers. Results: Of the clinical factors, diabetes was associated with the highest relative risk for incident CVD in participants younger than 55 years (hazard ratio [HR], 4.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.51-4.84). Risk that were also noted for CVD onset in participants younger than 55 years included hypertension, metabolism syndrome, overweight or obese, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Among the biomarkers, insulin resistance measured by triglyceride-glucose index had the highest HR (1.42; 95% CI, 1.35-1.49) for CVD onset in participants younger than 55 years. In comparison, weaker but significant associations with CVD in participants younger than 55 years were noted for most lipids, metabolic biomarkers, and inflammatory biomarkers. Most risk factors and biomarkers had associations that attenuated with increasing age at onset. Some biomarkers had similar CVD age association, while a few had no association with CVD onset at any age. Conclusions: These findings showed that diabetes and insulin resistance, in addition to hypertension, metabolism syndrome, overweight or obese, dyslipidemia, and smoking, appeared to be the strongest risk factors for premature onset of CVD, and most risk factors had attenuated relative rates at older ages.
Sex differences in Outcomes After Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Real-World Analysis and Literature Review
Authors: Bai Xuesong , Cao Wenbo , Feng Yao , Yu Fan , Fu Zhaolin , Li Wei , Xu Xin , Tian Qiuyue , Guo Xiaofan , Wang Xue , Wang Tao , Sha Araman , Yang Bin , Chen Yanfei , Wang Yabing , Chen Jian , Dmytriw Adam A. , Regenhardt Robert W. , Chen Fei , Ma Qingfeng , Ma Yan , Lu Jie , Gao Peng , Jiao Liqun
Published: May 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of sex on outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in a real-world setting.Methods: AIS patients receiving anterior circulation MT from our tertiary care academic institution were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Additionally, a literature review and meta-analysis regarding the impact of sex on MT outcomes was performed. Favorable outcome (90-day mRS 0-2), mortality, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and symptomatic ICH (sICH) were compared.Results: 1) From January 2019 to December 2021, a total of 347 AIS patients were recruited, including 126 females and 221 males. Before adjustment, females had a lower rate of favorable outcome (41.3% vs. 52.9%, P=0.037) and a higher rate of mortality (21.3% vs. 11.3%, P=0.867), but the difference was not significant after adjustment. ICH and sICH did not differ comparing females and males. 2) The systematic review and meta-analysis incorporated 8 eligible studies (3129 females and 3383 males), including our original data. A similar phenomenon was demonstrated; females were less likely to have a favorable outcome (OR 0.58, 95%CI 0.45-0.75, I2=77.3% ) and had a higher mortality (20.9% vs. 17.1%, OR 1.24, 95%CI 1.06-1.44, I2=12.4) before adjustment, but there were comparable outcomes after pooling adjusted data (favorable outcome: aOR 0.85, 95%CI 0.71-1.02, I2=63.8%; mortality: aOR 0.85, 95%CI 0.65-1.12, I2=33.6%). There was no significant difference in ICH and sICH.Conclusions: Females showed a worse functional outcome after MT for AIS in a real-world setting, but sex innately is not a predictor of outcome after adjustment by confounding factors.
Combination therapy with bevacizumab and CCR2 inhibitor for women with ovarian cancer: in vivo validation study
Authors: Zhai Tianyue , Mitamura Takashi , Wang Lei , Kubota Shimpei I. , Murakami Masaaki , Tanaka Shinya , Watari Hidemichi
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Anti-angiogenic therapy with bevacizumab (BEV) plays a critical role in the treatment of ovarian cancer. However, despite the initial response, most tumors become resistant to BEV. We examined whether a synergistic effect between BEV and CCR2 inhibitors occurs in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs).Method: We established three consecutive PDXs (first high-grade serous, second clear cell, and third high-grade serous carcinoma) using immunodeficient NOD/Shi-SCID IL-2Rγ KO Jic mice. We randomly assigned mice (n=15, 8, and 8) to receive BEV (10 mg/kg) or a combination of BEV (10 mg/kg) and the CCR2 inhibitor BMS CCR2 22 (low-dose: 20 mg/kg or high-dose: 40 mg/kg) (BEV/CCR2i). Results: Low-dose BEV/CCR2i demonstrated significant growth suppression in the first BEV-resistant PDX and third BEV-sensitive PDX compared with BEV (30.4% after the second cycle and 15.5% after the first cycle, respectively), and treatment cessation did not attenuate this effect. Tissue clearing and immunohistochemistry with an anti-α-SMA antibody suggested that angiogenesis on the tumor surface was suppressed in BEV/CCR2i compared with BEV. Immunohistochemistry of human CD31 demonstrated that the microvessel density originating from human ovarian cancer was significantly lower in BEV/CCR2i than in BEV. Although the second PDX did not respond to low-dose BEV/CCR2i after the fifth cycle, two additional cycles of high-dose BEV/CCR2i demonstrated significant growth suppression compared with BEV (28.3%) by inhibiting the CCR2B-MAPK pathway. Conclusions: BEV/CCR2i showed a sustained and antitumor immunity-independent synergistic effect in human ovarian cancer. This benefit is more significant in serous carcinoma than in clear cell carcinoma.
Development and Validation of a Multivariable Predictive nomogram for Diagnosis of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Liu Jia , Zhang Shu-Heng , Liu Xiao-Chen , You Ting , Huang Dan , Li Lu-Quan
Published: May 2022

Purpose To develop and validate a multivariable predictive nomogram to diagnose neonatal bacterial meningitis (NBM).Methods A retrospective study was conducted and neonates with positive blood culture were included. Infants were divided into training and validation set. A predictive nomogram was established according to finding of univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. The diagnostic value was judged by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). ResultsAmong the 587 infants included finally, 177 of them developed NBM. Among training set (N=410), the incidence of abnormal temperature, seizure, bulging anterior fontanel were more common in NBM group (P<0.05). Higher of protein, WBC and lower glucose in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were found in NBM group (P<0.05). Bulging anterior fontanel, seizure, abnormal temperature, abnormal protein and WBC in CSF were considered as the independent predictors of NBM. A predictive nomogram was established, the C index was 0.89 and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 63.4%, 94.3%, 83.3%, and 84.6% in internal validation.The model was validated in validation set (N=177). And the C index was 0.93, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 58.7%, 97.7%, 90.0%, and 87.1% in the validation set respectively in external validation. High score would increase the probability of NBM.ConclusionThe model including clinical manifestations had high potential diagnostic value in the prediction of NBM.
Rare but Marvelous Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Adenocarcinoma of Rectum: A Case Report
Authors: Zhao Zongxian , Yao Yuan , Wang Fusheng
Published: May 2022

Background: The neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been proved to reduce tumor early micro-metastatic focus, reduce tumor stage and increase probability of sparing sphincter, and even decrease risk of recurrence in locally advanced rectal cancer (LACR). Here, we reported a case of locally advanced rectal cancer that was rare extremely sensitive to NACT and reached pathological complete response (pCR) after only 3 courses of preoperative chemotherapy with CAPOX.Case Presentation: A married 60-year-old male was diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3N2). He achieved pathological complete response after three courses of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy with CAPOX. There were no clinically significant adverse reactions during entire chemotherapy period. Until now (February, 2022), the patient was still alive without any signs or symptoms of tumor recurrence.Conclusion: In conclusion, we documented an extremely rare case of LARC that developed pCR after only preoperative 3 courses of CAPOX. In addition, we provided a recommendation to employ early genetic detection to guide preoperative chemotherapy protocol. We should select appropriate NACT regimens according to different genotype of LARC and evaluate the effect of chemotherapy in time.
Expeller-pressed pomegranate seed (Punica granatum L.) as a protein source for the production of antioxidant peptides
Authors: Rahimipanah Maryam , SadeghiMahoonak Alireza , Ghorbani Mohammad , Tabarestani Hoda Shahiri , Nabimeybodi Mohsen
Published: May 2022

Because of health concerns regarding synthetic antioxidants, natural antioxidant compounds are being considered by scientists. Bioactive peptides have been shown to have various physiological functions, such as antioxidative activity. Pomegranate seed protein, the by-product of the pomegranate seed oil industry, can be a good source of bioactive peptides. The optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of pomegranate seed protein with alcalase were determined using a response surface methodology. The influence of different temperatures (45-55 °C), times (30-180 min), and enzyme to substrate (E/S) ratio (1-3% w/w) on DPPH scavenging power and ferric reducing activity as the responses, were studied. Also, the degree of hydrolysis and the surface hydrophobicity of samples were determined. Moreover, using scanning electron microscopy and electrophoresis technique, microscopic structure and molecular weight of hydrolysate, were studied respectively. Alcalase-derived hydrolysates showed a DPPH scavenging activity (88 ± 0.97 %) and ferric reducing power (0.5 ± 0.83) at optimum conditions of hydrolysis (48.8°C, 97.5 min, E/S ratio 1.3%w/w). The degree of hydrolysis coincided with 36 ±1.2%. An increase in the surface hydrophobicity of the protein during hydrolysis confirmed the unfolding of the pomegranate seed protein structure. The presence of low-molecular-weight peptides was evidenced by the electrophoresis technique. As well as the SEM showed that protein fragments had been reduced to small sizes following enzymatic treatments. According to the results of this study, pomegranate seed protein hydrolysate can be considered a suitable source of antioxidants with an aggregate market value in food formulations
Prognostic impact of copy number alterations in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A collaborative data from two major oncology centers of North India
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev , Singh Minu , HC Pragna , Bakhshi Sameer , Trehan Amita , Gupta Ritu , Thakur Rozy , Gajendra Smeeta , Sharma Preity , Sreedharanu Sreejesh , Sachdeva Man Updesh Singh , Pushpam Deepam , Varma Neelam , Bansal Deepak , Jain Richa , peyam srinivasan , Moorman Anthony , Bhatia Prateek
Published: May 2022

In current study, copy number alteration (CNA) status and CNA risk profiles of IKZF1plus, UK-ALL CNA risk groups and MRplus score, were evaluated for clinical and prognostic impact in a cohort of 493 B-ALL cases diagnosed and treated under ICICLE trial at two major oncology centres of Northern India. Overall CNA frequency was 59% with 60% of cases showing 2-loci deletion. CDKN2A/B deletion was the most common CNA (36.3%), while IKZF1 deletion and IKZF1plus profile were noted in 19.5% and 13.4% of cases respectively. IKZF1 deletions and other CNA risk profiles were all signifcantly associated with poor/high risk clinical and genetic profile parameters (p-<0.001). In addition, the 3-year OS, EFS was significantly poor with high RR of 38.6%, 46.5% and 35.2% for IKZF1 deletions, IKZF1plus profile and UK-ALL CNA –IR+PR risk group respectively (p-<0.001). Integrated evaluation of UK-ALL CNA risk profile with ICICLE trial risk stratification groups also revealed a worse OS, EFS and RR of 63.3%, 43.2% and 35.2% for combined ICICLE groups with CNA-IR+PR profile compared to CNA-GR profile (81.3%,65.0% and 21.0% ; p-<0.001). Hence, routine CNA testing in our setting is must to identify SR and IR cases likely to benefit from high risk treatment.
KAT8 promotes the resistance of human NSCLC cells to miR-7 intervention via the H4K16/PAX6 axis
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhao Xu , Li Dongmei , Tang Lin , Zheng Wen , Chen Longqinq , Chen Jing , Chen Chao , Qin Ming , Guo Mengmeng , Zhou Ya , Zhao Juanjuan , He Zhixu , Xu Lin
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAccumulating evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs), one of the representative types of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), contribute to the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and act as promising therapeutic targets in NSCLC. However, how to improve the efficiency of miRNA-based gene intervention against NSCLC remains largely unknown.MethodsA proliferation assay was used to assess the effect of miR-7 intervention on human NSCLC cells. RNA-seq was performed to analyze the global gene expression of miR-7-resistant cells. Mechanistically, coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP), chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-PCR) and western blotting were performed.ResultsUnder continuous intervention with miR-7, miR-7 levels in human NSCLC cells steadily increased, while its inhibition efficiency gradually decreased. The growth and metastatic capacity of miR-7-resistant human NSCLC cells displaying elevated activation of related signaling pathways were significantly enhanced in vitro and in vivo. Global gene analysis showed that the expression of paired box 6 (PAX6), a target molecule of miR-7, was obviously increased in these cells. Moreover, PAX6 silencing significantly impaired the aggressive behavior of miR-7-resistant human NSCLC cells, accompanied by decreased transduction of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Mechanistically, the histone acetyltransferase KAT8 regulated PAX6 expression via H4K16 acetylation, subsequently resulting in the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Notably, PAX6 silencing significantly improved miR-7 intervention efficiency in human NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the relatively higher miR-7 expression was correlated with PAX6 expression in clinical NSCLC tumors.ConclusionNSCLC cells acquired resistance to miR-7 intervention, orchestrated by KAT8 regulating PAX6 expression via H4K16 acetylation. Specifically, PAX6 silencing significantly improved miR-7 intervention efficiency in human NSCLC cells, thereby providing a feasible approach for miRNA-based intervention in NSCLC.
WITHDRAWN: Mental health and disability research priorities and capacity needs in Ghana: findings from a scoping review and research priority ranking survey.
Authors: Weobong Benedict , Ae-Ngibise Kenneth A. , Mwangi Grace , Sakyi Lionel , Lund Crick
Published: May 2022

Background
Identification of national research agendas for mental health and disability can be supported by well-designed research priority-setting studies. Few Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) have undertaken such studies.
Methods
A mixed methods study comprising a scoping review, research priority ranking survey, and research capacity needs assessment survey was employed to identify mental health and disability research priorities in Ghana. Five expert pools were identified from online search and existing database on mental health civil society organisations/non-governmental organisations. The research priority ranking was completed in two stages, using the Child and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method to identify priority questions in stage two. Both surveys were deployed online using google forms. Analysis for the ranking survey involved computing total scores from the CHNRI criteria and generating ranks for the research questions.
Results
68 experts (97% response rate), generated 94 and 92 questions for the short and long-term respectively. 40 experts (58% response rate) completed the ranking stage. The top 10 ranked research questions included: 4 questions addressing mental health systems; 2 questions on epidemiology; and 4 questions on interventions. All research questions were considered urgent and should be conducted in the immediate to short-term (0–5 years). Capacity for disability and mental health research is weak.
Conclusion
Our approach has generated an agenda for mental health and disability research priorities for Ghana and demonstrated that it is feasible to employ a systematic methodology for research priority setting that includes key parameters of context and research capacity.
Prevalence of childhood obesity and its associations among adolescents: a cross-sectional, urban, community-based, birth cohort study from South Asia
Authors: Niriella Madunil Anuk , Ediriweera Dileepa Senajith , Kasthuriratne Anuradhania , Rajindrajith Shaman , De Silva Shamila Thivanshi , Goonathilake Dilith , Jayasinghe Yasodha Chamilka , Jayatissa Amith , Pathmeswaran Arunasalam , de Silva Hithanadura Janaka
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThere are few community-based data on childhood obesity. We investigated the community prevalence and associations of adolescent obesity in a birth cohort from an urban community in Sri Lanka.MethodsThe study population consisted of 14-year-olds (Year-2000 birth-cohort), from the Ragama MOH area were invited to participate in the study. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected, and standard blood biochemistry was performed. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure were measured. Total body fat percentage (TBF) was measured using the impedance method. Wilcoxon Rank Sum test, linear models, generalized linear models and Multivariate analysis of covariance were used for the analysis of data.Results508 [260 (51.2%) girls; median birth weight 2.9 (IQR: 2.6–3.2) kg] participated in the study. Prevalence of central obesity (CO) was 26.7% (95% CI: 23.1% − 30.8%), general obesity (GO) was 1.8% (95% CI: 0.6% − 2.9%) and global obesity was 1.6% (0.4% − 2.7%). Girls showed a higher prevalence of CO compared to boys (37.8% vs 15.8% respectively, P < 0.001). GO was associated with lower birth order (P = 0.044), CO with female sex (P < 0.001) and higher birth weight (P = 0.05), and global obesity with gestational diabetes (P = 0.055). After adjusting for antenatal and postnatal factors, GO, and CO showed positive associations with blood pressure, lipid and glucose metabolism and alanine transaminase (ALT) and fatty liver.ConclusionIn this cohort of adolescents, CO was more prevalent than GO. CO was commoner among the girls than in boys. GO was associated with lower birth order while CO showed association with higher birth weight. After adjusting for these, both GO and CO showed association with metabolic traits.Key points· We investigated the community prevalence and associations of adolescent obesity in a birth cohort from an urban community in Sri Lanka. · In this cohort of adolescents, central obesity (CO) was more prevalent than general obesity (GO). · GO was associated with lower birth order while CO showed association with higher birth weight.· After adjusting for these, both GO and CO showed association with metabolic traits.
Surgical Treatment of a Tarlov Cyst in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Otto Marius , Roeder-Geyer Eva-Dorette , Braun Veit
Published: May 2022

Introduction Tarlov cysts, commonly known as perineurial cysts, are mostly asymptomatic benign lesions that are often accidentally discovered during imaging initiated for other reasons. The pathology is very rare in children, so it may be of scientific and clinical interest to present a pediatric case with a Tarlov cyst and discuss the best therapeutic options. Case Presentation This case report relates to a 5 year old patient who presented initially with nocturnal enuresis and later with the symptom of tiptoeing. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) unmasked a large extradural cyst that extended from L4 to S3. The cyst was completely removed by a microsurgical laminotomy from L4 to L5, from which the otherwise healthy and normally developed patient still benefits today. Conclusion The surgery performed appears to be a preferable, effective, and safe therapy for pediatric patients with Tarlov cysts.
Structural transformation and RMB real exchange rate fluctuations
Authors: Gong Liming
Published: May 2022

Due to the Productivity shocks, there exist inherently systemic biases when using purchasing power parity as the equilibrium real exchange rate measure standard. In this paper, based on characteristic of Chinese economic transformation, considering demographic and weakened Balassa-Samuelson effect, we re-estimate the equilibrium level of real exchange rate of RMB with the quarterly frequency data since 1994, and measuring the misalignment of RMB real exchange rate. The empirical results show that the behavioral equilibrium exchange rate model is a reasonable analytical framework of RMB equilibrium real exchange rate, and in the sample period, the real exchange rate of RMB is robust, demographic is an important variable affecting the RMB equilibrium exchange rate. The real exchange rate of RMB is closely related to China's economic development strategy.
Tunnel technique for maxillary and mandibular flabby ridge using palatal splinting tray system : Clinical report
Authors: Chandak Prerna
Published: May 2022

Complete dentures function in the oral cavity of geriatric patients  hence  they must be  in harmony with the normal neuromuscular system. ‘Fibrous’ or ‘flabby’ alveolar ridges pose significant problems  during impression making  retention and stability are compromised due to movable underlying tissue. These mobile den­ture-bearing   tissues are displaced by masticatory forces and thus they alter the position of denture with resultant  loss of peripheral seal. Forces that are exerted during impression making cause  distortion of mobile tissues.  Resulting  in instability af­fecting function. In this paper, the authors have proposed a newer technique of impression making of the flabby tissues along with the application of neutral zone concept is also incorporated into impression making which ensures an accurate and easy impression of these flabby tissues leading to successful complete denture therapy
ECC and Infant oral care Assessment of paediatrician’s knowledge and attitude on Early childhood caries and Infants oral care in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh – A questionnaire study
Authors: Dr Umang Akhnai
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION-

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is considered as a significant public health problem in both developing and developed countries. ECC can start early in a child's life, progresses rapidly and might lead to adverse effects on a child's physical, psychological and social well-being. Access to child’s dental care might be compromised as most parents are unaware of the importance of the child’s first dental visit. Also Children in their first years are often seen by their Pediatric health professionals compared to dentists. Hence they can be considered as a reliable source for child’s oral health promotion and caries prevention.

 OBJECTIVE:

 The main objective of this study is to assess the awareness, knowledge and attitude of Paediatric health professionals towards Early Childhood Caries.

STUDY DESIGN:

A cross-sectional questionnaire study 

METHODOLOGY:

 Questionnaire based study will be conducted among the paediatric health professionals in Bhopal City. The questionnaire composed of two sections: Demographic characteristics and questions assessing participant’s knowledge and attitude will be distributed among paediatric health professionals.  

RESULT AND CONCLUSION:

  It was found that Paediatricians have significant knowledge and attitude towards infant oral care and ECC but they accept lacking knowledge in some aspects and hardly acquired any dental training.
Proximal relationship between hypothyroidism and periodontitis: “A clinical representation”
Authors: BAIJU CS , Gupta Gunjan , Joshi Karuna , Kaur Pawandeep , Gupta N.D. , Virmani Ria
Published: May 2022

Hypothyroidism is a systemic condition in which thyroid gland is underactive and production of thyroid hormones is diminished, resulting in metabolic slowdown.    Thyroid disease can lead to imbalance in hemostasis of the body and affect the healing capacity of tissues.  This case report presents the influence of thyroid hormone dysfunction and its impact on periodontal disease progression in 55 year old female patient giving the chief complaint of bleeding gums and increased gum size. The report emphasizes the need for interventions by health care providers in patients with hypothyroidism to preserve their oral and overall health
Digitalization of Conventional Removable Prosthesis: Cad-cam Dentures
Authors: PASRICHA NEETA , AGGARWAL KARAN
Published: May 2022

During the last few decades significant advancements in the field of technology have been integrated in our day to day life. In the medical field and more specifically dentistry, one of the novel applications of robotic technology is the use of Artificial Intelligence in prosthodontics. Newer technologies have been consistently developed based on the principles that try to simulate the human brain functioning to develop solutions that do not just follow preprogrammed instructions, but also have some traits of the human’s such as the reasoning ability and experienced learning from practice without being programmed manually. Integrating CAD/CAM technology into removable denture designing and fabrication has helped in improvement of  the quality of the dentures and simplification of the laboratory work. Manual laboratory procedures are either reduced or eliminated, thus enabling the dental technician and the dentist to ensure reproducibility and accuracy of   prostheses. This reduces overall time requires in  patient rehabilitation. This article presents a critical review on the application of   CAD- CAM technology in removable prosthodontics and possible research directions in this field in the future.
Evaluation of soft tissue cephalometric evaluation using Holdaway analysis in district Solan population.
Authors: Soni Tarannum
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION: The soft tissue of the face requires an independent appraisal besides skeletal and dental analysis to comprehensively diagnose and plan treatment to meet objectives of orthodontic treatment leading to a pleasing profile. Soft tissue envelope of face plays an important role in esthetics, functional balance and facial harmony. AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate soft tissue cephalometric evaluation using Holdaway analysis in district Solan population. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bhojia Dental College, Baddi, Distt. Solan(HP). Pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 60 subjects(30 males and 30 females) with Class II division 1 were taken. The patients aged between 12 and 26 years. Each of them fulfilled the following criteria, proclined maxillary anteriors, increased overjet, increased overbite, incompetent lips. Various cephalometric landmarks were identified and marked according to Holdaway analysis. The following measurements were recorded: Facial angle, H-line angle, upper sulcus depth, skeletal convexity at point A, Nose prominence, soft tissue subnasale to H-line, basic upper lip thickness, upper lip thickness, upper lip strain, lower lip to H-line, lower sulcus depth, soft tissue chin thickness. RESULTS: In the present study, significant variations were seen in facial angle, H-line angle, upper lip strain and lower sulcus depth when comparison of cephalometric measurement changes between males and females was done. CONCLUSION: District Solan population showed significant difference in facial profile with more facial angle in females and more H-line angle, upper lip strain and lower sulcus depth in males.
Tooth Tattoo: A New Paradigm to Detect Bacteria on Teeth Enamel
Authors: Borkar Krutika
Published: May 2022

Oral health is an integral part of good overall health. Dental caries and periodontitis are the most common chronic infectious oral diseases. With a greater understanding of dental caries and periodontal diseases comes an opportunity to promote ‘preventive & interceptive therapy’ much before the onset and progression of the disease. Central to this is early diagnosis. But many yester year diagnostic tools lack selectivity and sensitivity and others being expensive, limit the opportunity for early diagnosis. Researchers at Princeton University, New Jersey led by Micheal McAlpine and Tufts bioengineers Fiorenzo Omenetto, David Kaplan and Hu Tao have developed a tiny graphene nanosensor device for early and highly sensitive detection of bacteria on human enamel and assess patient’s oral health, which they have called Tooth tattoo. The team first published their research in the journal, Nature Communications. Presently the prototype being studied, represents versatile approach just not for caries and periodontal disease detection but could provide window to patient’s overall health.
A cross sectional survey on Practice adaptation among dental health care professionals against COVID- 19 :- A Central India experience
Authors: Raghuvanshi Jyoti , Nikita Agrawal  , Parimala Kulkarni  , . Shikha Mali  , Anup Kumar  , AKHANI Sanjana Bhargawa
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION : Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) an outbreak has affected major aspect of life. Healthcare dental professionals are at the high risk of getting infected of COVID-19 because of close contact with patient who might be infected. More over high chance of infection to dental healthcare workers and patients while providing dental treatment had called for additional infection control measures. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was conducted using online google form survey. A well-constructed questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental health care professionals towards infection control measures. The statistical analysis was done using one way annova method and total of 393 dental professional was included in this study. RESULTS: Out of all participants 88.72%, 69.53%, 57.34 % had good knowledge, attitude and practice respectively about infection control measures during the COVID 19 pandemic. On Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude and practice based question among health professionals, statistically significant results were found. CONCLUSION: Infection control measures would safeguard dentist as well as patient against COVID- 19. Furthermore, dental operatory must follow the Ministry of Health (MOH) recommendation while facilitating treatments to patients and education to dental auxillaries.
The comparison of surface hardness, water sorption and staining resistance between thermoplastic nylon and heat-cured acrylic resin.
Authors: Samarla, Aruna Kumari , Alla Krishna , Bolisetty Deepika , Bali Yashika , Bali Yashika , Balehonnur Prema , Kandasamy Baburajan
Published: May 2022

Aim: To evaluate and compare the surface hardness, water sorption and staining resistance of conventional heat cure and nylon denture base materials.

Materials and Methods: A total of 120 specimens, which comprises thirty from each denture base materials (Acralyn-H, DPI, Valplast and Flexident), were fabricated by investing metal specimen analogues of dimension 65x10x2.5mm strips for hardness, 50x0.5mm discs for water sorption and 20x1mm discs for staining resistance according to ADA specification no.12. The surface hardness was evaluated using Shore D Durometer. Water sorption was tested by the differences in the weight of the specimens by desiccating in calcium chloride and immersing in water for one week.  The specimens were placed in a staining solution of 3% tartrazine for 7days. Staining resistance was evaluated by the optical density of the extraction solvent (ethanol) using spectrophotometer.

Results: Heat cure acrylic denture base materials demonstrated more surface hardness compared to nylon based denture materials. Tukey’s HSD showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the hardness of heat cure and nylon denture base materials. The water sorption values of Acralyn-H, DPI and Valplast were comparable and showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the water sorption with Flexident. In staining resistance test, Valplast demonstrated more optical density whereas the optical densities of the others materials were comparable. Valplast materials displayed significant differences (p<0.05) in staining resistance with heat cure denture base materials.

Conclusions: Both the heat cure denture base materials exhibited greatest surface hardness compared to the flexible denture base materials. Flexident displayed the lowest water sorption and Valplast had the least staining resistance.

Key words:

Polymethylmethacrylate, nylon denture base materials, staining resistance., urface hardness, water sorption,
Orthodontic extrusion of a subgingivally fractured maxillary central incisor using 'J' hook: A Multidisciplinary case report.
Authors: Agarwal Shagun , Khan Suleman Abbas , Navit Saumya
Published: May 2022

Traumatic injuries to permanent maxillary anterior teeth are seen commonly in children. Restoration of these traumatically injured teeth are always a clinical challenge for a predictable aesthetic outcome. This case report describes a multidisciplinary approach of a subgingivally fractured maxillary permanent central incisor by endodontic therapy, orthodontic extrusion using J-hook, fiber post placement, core build-up followed by surgical gingival recountouring using electro-cautery to reestablish the biological width. Finally esthetics was restored using porcelain fused to metal crown.
Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour Associated With Dentigerous Cyst: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Khan Sadiya , Pandya Divya , Dubey Shreya , Dausage Priyanka
Published: May 2022

Adenomatoid Odontogenic tumour is an uncommon benign lesion of odontogenic origin which affects young individuals mostly in second decade of life, with a female predominance. AOT is most commonly located in anterior maxilla usually associated with impacted canine. Through this paper we present a rare entity - Adenomatoid Odontogenic tumour with dentigerous cyst associated to impacted canine and lateral incisor in anterior maxilla in a 15 year old male patient.
A Comparison of Knowledge and Attitude Between Health Care and Non-health Care Undergraduate Students Towards Tobacco Smoking in Penang.
Authors: Ganapathy Senthil kumar , Loganathan Kamaraj , Chawla Riddhi , Vaithilingam Bindu , Varghese Abin , Varghese Tina
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the prevalence of smoking among health care and non-health care undergraduate students in Penang. Further, the knowledge, awareness and attitude levels of the respondents were also discerned. Besides, the existence of any significant difference between the knowledge, awareness and attitude levels of the two groups was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: The population comprised the undergraduate students of Penang. Out of this population, a sample of 162 respondents were randomly selected. Survey questionnaires were given to the respondents to ascertain their prevalence of smoking and their knowledge, awareness and attitude towards smoking. Data was collected and both descriptive and inferential analysis were carried out using SPSS.

RESULTS: There were proportionately less smokers among the healthcare respondents compared to the non-healthcare respondents. Additionally, it was also found that there existed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the score for knowledge, awareness and attitude towards smoking (t=6.19, p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Thus health care students had a lower prevalence of smoking and had greater knowledge, awareness and attitude of the dangers of smoking and were possibly aided by their greater knowledge of the health sciences.
Triplet character of 2D-fermion dimers arising from $s$-wave attraction via spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman splitting
Authors: Ebling Ulrich , Zuelicke Ulrich , Brand Joachim
Published: May 2022

We theoretically study spin-1/2 fermions confined to
two spatial dimensions and experiencing isotropic short-range
attraction in the presence of both spin-orbit coupling and
Zeeman spin splitting -- a prototypical system for developing
topological superfluidity in the many-body sector. Exact
solutions for two-particle bound states are found to have a
triplet contribution that dominates over the singlet part in an
extended region of parameter space where the combined Zeeman-
and center-of-mass-motion-induced spin-splitting energy is
large. The triplet character of dimers is purest in the regime
of weak s-wave interaction strength.
Center-of-mass momentum is one of the parameters determining the
existence of bound states, which we map out for both two- and
one-dimensional types of spin-orbit coupling. Distinctive
features emerging in the orbital part of the bound-state wave
function, including but not limited to its p-wave
character, provide observable signatures of unconventional
pairing.
Perfil de microrganismos isolados em bancadas de uma instituição hospitalar
Authors: Freitas Camila Weber , Staudt Keli Jaqueline , Rambo Ana Melissa , Alves Izabel Almeida , Fontana Rosane Teresinha
Published: May 2022

As bactérias multirresistentes que se distribuem no meio hospitalar e se tornam resistentes são um grande problema de contaminação profissionais da saúde e pacientes. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar os microrganismos existentes em bancadas de preparação de medicamentos dos postos de enfermagem das unidades de uma instituição hospitalar. A coleta das amostras foi realizada deslizando-se um swab na superfície das bancadas de preparo de medicamentos, com 21 amostras coletadas das diferentes superfícies das bancadas das unidades que atendem a UTI-Neonatal, Maternidade, UTI Adulto, Pediatria, Pronto-Atendimento, Clínica, Unidade Pré-cirúrgica, Unidade Pós-cirúrgica, Psiquiatria, Ambulatório e Centro Cirúrgico. Os isolados foram identificados por meio de técnicas microbiológicas convencionais. Os testes de susceptibilidade foram realizados baseados no protocolo M100-S23 do CLSI, 2013. Com exceção da UTI-Neonatal, foram observados crescimentos de microrganismos patogênicos nas bancadas de todas as unidades avaliadas. Os microrganismos isolados foram: Staphylococcus coagulase negativo, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Candida albicans, Enterobacter agglomerans e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, quando 75% da espécie de Staphylococcus aureus apresentaram-se resistentes à meticilina e o Staphylococcus coagulase negativo apresentou-se resistente ao mesmo antibiótico. Na Unidade E a bactéria identificada como Acinetobacter baumannii não apresentou multirresistência. Conclui-se que há necessidade de educação permanente em saúde aos trabalhadores de modo a fortalecer a higienização das mãos e limpeza e desinfecção das bancadas de administração de medicamentos.
Perfil clínico e epidemiológico da Hepatite C em Anápolis-Goiás: Uma análise retrospectiva entre os anos de 2012 e 2018
Authors: Borges Frederico Reis de Souza , Lopes Rayara Batista , Correia Sara Fernandes , Nascimento Mirlene Garcia , Silva Constanza Thaise Xavier
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes com hepatite C notificada em Anápolis, Goiás no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2018. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, observacional, descritivo e transversal de natureza quantitativa. Foram coletados dados da ficha de notificação da hepatite C (HCV) cadastradas no Departamento de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Anápolis, Goiás. Foi utilizado a análise estatística pelo programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS®) e nível de significância o valor 5% (p< 0,05) para todas as análises. Resultados: A assistência foi oferecida a 239 pacientes entre os anos estudados oscilando de 31 a 43 casos por ano. A maioria dos casos eram do sexo masculino (61,5%, p= 0,431) com faixa etária entre 30 a 50 anos (45,6%, p= 0,015) da cor parda (64%, p= 0,029) e possuíam de 5ª a 8ª série completa (20,8%, p= 0,004). O genótipo 1 foi o mais prevalente (67,5%, p= 0,644) juntamente com a forma crônica/assintomática (76,6%, p= 0,001). A fonte de infecção foi 23,0% dos casos por via sexual e 72,0% das notificações não tinha essa informação (p= 0,019). Conclusão: Neste estudo, o perfil encontrado para os portadores de HCV foi semelhante aos disponíveis na literatura. Ressalta-se a importância de conhecer a incidência do HCV para compreender sua disseminação e, assim, ter subsídios para medidas de controle no combate à infecção, além da capacitação para preenchimento adequado das fichas de notificação, já que a omissão de dados interfere diretamente no ensino e pesquisa, além da qualidade da assistência.
Comparação das taxas de mortalidade por câncer de mama de Santo Ângelo com as nacionais, regionais e estaduais
Authors: Hahn Mariele Tais , Lopes Marcia Werklehr Paganotto , Medeiros Andrade Vera Regina
Published: May 2022

Introdução: câncer de mama é a neoplasia mais frequente e a principal causa de morte por câncer em mulheres no mundo. Objetivo: comparar taxas de mortalidade por câncer de mama do município Santo Ângelo com Brasil, Rio Grande do Sul e Região Sul. Métodos: estudo baseado em dados secundários, coletados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: aumenta o número de óbitos a partir dos 20 anos, atingindo um pico entre 50-59 anos de idade. Comparando as taxas ajustadas por idade de Santo Ângelo com Brasil e Região Sul, foi observada diferença significante. Conclusão:oncluímos que em Santo Ângelo a taxa de mortalidade por câncer de mama é maior que no Brasil e Região Sul.
Palavras-chave: Serviços de saúde; neoplasia da mama; mortalidade.