bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disinfection Measures for COVID-19
Authors: Dr. Swaroopa Chakole Ketki Fuladi,
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 or coronavirus disease 2019 is seriously affecting the day-to-day life of all the people on the Earth. The lethal nature and high virulence are the key factor that are adversely affecting the mitigation measures.

SUMMARY

Extreme uncertainty attached to the COVID-19 is a challenge that is faced by health care professionals and governmental agencies in controlling the viral spread. The virus can sustain inside and outside the body for considerable amount of time. Coronavirus can survive on many surfaces and can create menace. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the situation and certainly act upon it. Disinfection measures are the best suited for containment of the virus.

CONCLUSION

More study needs to be done in order to assess the benefits of disinfection measures.
Problems Faced by Doctors while Managing COVID Patient in Institutional Isolation Duty during COVID-19: An Article
Authors: Dr. Sourya Acharya Meenal Rajput,
Published: February 2021

Background

Once again the globe is facing the menace of a lethal virus. After the Ebola crisis in Africa, the WHO declared the novel coronavirus to be a pandemic, started spreading from Wuhan city in China in December 2019. We need to acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of doctors in this covid19 crisis for performing their duties without even thinking of being infected by the virus and risking their life. Doctors are at the forefront in the war against the COVID-19 pandemic, they are facing many obstacles in performing their duties.. Doctors are going through many difficulties in isolation duty. Physicians have been called upon to work under radically new situations, to feel exhausted due to heavy workloads and protective equipment, to fear of being exposed and infecting others, to feel helpless in coping with patients' conditions, and to navigate a stressful situation. These all were the main, which is to be manipulated and controlled by the health worker providers.

 

Objectives

This article is to find out the issues faced by the doctors while working in the isolation duty.

Result                                                                                        

Study among 50 doctors, 98% of them has received training in donning and doffing of PPE, 88% experience shortage of amenities in isolation wards, while 52% face interruption while doing work in PPE. 100% of them experience suffocation while wearing PPE. 12% of them have a fear of being isolated while working in isolation wards. 16% of them were worried and tensed all the time while working in covid ward.

Conclusion

It is required to identify the difficulties that are faced by the doctors while working in covid isolation duty and at most to resolve them so that they can work comfortably and to strengthen the protection of those persons who carry out their duties fearlessly.
Public Health Ethics in Covid-19 Scenario
Authors: Giripunje Pranay
Published: February 2021

Due to the pandemic, authorities of India followed public health measures to include its unfold within the India. a number of measures were imposed on public like obligatory home and institution quarantine, and social distancing. Although it being a public fitness emergency, the measures observed required crucial appraisal and use of an ethics and human rights technique. The goal of paper is to give an ethics and human rights standards to  compare public fitness measures and use it to reflect on the ethical sides of these adopted through the authorities of India to consist of the unfold of pandemic.

first we discuss all the measure taken for ethics in the human rights concerns for public and their fitness measures with all the emergencies. We then brief India’s social and economic conditions and some of the measures followed to include the unlock of pandemic. After that,  some moral duty of some of India’s responses to pandemic. We then do evaluation to discover the measures adopted by  the authorities of India to slow the spread of pandemic, the ethics and human rights issues typically given for public health responder . we analysed that some of the measures violated ethics and human rights ideas. despite the fact that a some human rights can on occasion be legitimately lowered and constrained to meet public fitness dreams at some stage in public fitness emergencies, measures that infringe on human rights have to fulfil positive way of ethics and human rights standards. Other of the ones requirements i being powerful, strictly critical, proportionate to the value of the danger, questionable in the conditions, least restrictive. We tell about  India’s primary measures to fight the   pandemic and tell that a variety of them fell incomplete of those criteria, and were not effective at all.
Covid-19 and Related Myths in Indian Community
Authors: Nikhar Rutika
Published: February 2021

31ST December 2019, was the day the WHO came to know about the new corona virus after a cluster of pneumonia cases caused by the virus in Wuhan province of China. On March 11 2020 WHO declared COVID-19 as pandemic. Since then the world hasn’t remained the same. It has not only changed the medical community, but also the overall mind-sets and behaviour of people worldwide. What began as a Whatsapp forward, was soon analysed worldwide through various social platforms, media and publications. The novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2, has spread from Wuhan, China to almost ALL the continents and along with it spread the rumours and myths and misinformation regarding it. The virus killed tens of millions of people, and engraved fear in the minds of the hundreds of millions. The paranoia and panic led to people to form their own speculations and have their own conclusions. Not just the fear, but the incomplete information with respect to the virus and the disease in itself has caused confusion in not just common population but the medical fraternity as well. Months of research and studies on the virus and the disease has helped clear the myths surrounding it. But yet these myths still exist amongst the people receiving misinformation and rumours and among the ones who have no access to a legitimate source of information. So let’s bust some myths surrounding the virus that changed the world.
The Poor and the Pandemic- COVID 19
Authors: Thakur Sanjeev
Published: February 2021

The pandemic of coronavirus disease commonly known as covid 19 is known to be caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to public health concern. The infection is known to be transmitted via respiratory droplets during close face to face contact with an infected individual or may be transmitted by asymptomatic individual. The time from exposure to symptom onset is estimated to be around 14 days. The most common symptoms are fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. In fight against the infection, the Government of India imposed nationwide lockdown from 24 March ,2020 onwards to prevent the spread of infection. The Government of India claims to have won battle against the pandemic by stating that the number of cases would have been higher if nationwide lockdown had not been imposed. However this claimed is being questioned as the number of cases is on the rise each day we see. In this brief review, we aim to discuss the impact of pandemic covid 19 on poor people of India.
Overview of therapeutic options in COVID-19
Authors: Dr. Swarupa Chakole Sarthak Katyal,
Published: February 2021

Coronavirus is essentially a respiratory sickness brought about by a newfound rSARS-CoV-2 infection and distinguished in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019. The emerging outbreak of Covid disease 2019 (COVID-19) brought about because ofthe severe respiratory disorder Covid 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents a phenomenal test for medical services frameworks around the world.WHO has proclaimed this illness as a pandemic, and cautioned different nations. Like other Covids, this may create respiratory plot contaminations in the patients range from gentle to lethal ailment like pneumonia and ARDS(acute respiratory distress syndrome).The features of coronavirus and the capacity to quickly make far reaching contamination has significant ramifications, justifying vivacious disease avoidance and the preventive measures. While the affirmed quantity of the cases have outperformed 10.3 million throughout the world and keeps on developing, as the possible seriousness related to infection along  with its destructive confusions needs critical advancement of the novel restorative specialists to both forestall and cure the COVID-19 illness . In spite of the fact that antibodies and explicit medication treatments presently can't seem to be found, progressing investigation and subjective preliminaries have led to the examination of viability of the  reused medications for curing COVID-19 illness .According to the current audit, some of the medication competitors have been recommended to cure  COVID-19 will be talked about. While these incorporate enemy of the viral specialists (remdesivir ,rebetol, lopinavir-ritonavir,choloroquine, favipiravir, hydroxychloroquine, umifenovir ,oseltamivir,), immunomodulating based specialists (interferons, plasma bondings , tocilizumab), (azithromycin, corticosteroids),  along with other random specialists. With components of activity and further pharmacology based property which should be investigated, within a specific spotlight on the proof  base wellbeing with viability of a every specialist.
Covid-19 – Lockdown Efficacy in Different Countries
Authors: Dr. Swaroopa Chakole Shaik Sarwar Allam,
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND 

COVID-19 or coronavirus disease 2019 is seriously affecting the day-to-day life of all the people on the planet. To add to the woes more virulent mutated strain has been discovered and more study is being carried out. 

SUMMARY 

Treating COVID-19 is a challenge in itself as the containment is tough due to high spreading capacity and its deadly nature. The initial phase of the disease has taken aback almost all the countries due to its high virulent nature. Therefore, blanket measures like lockdown and physical distancing were adopted by different countries after the COVID-19 was declared as pandemic by WHO. Various studies on its efficacy has been done and more needs to be done in order to obtain holistic approach.

CONCLUSION

Lockdown as a preventive measure during COVID-19 pandemic was proved to be effective in containing the viral spread. But only lockdown was not the only factor and other NPI’s was supplementing the containment measures. More study across the nation’s border is needed so that greater clarity can emerge from the datasheet.
Fake News Galore! More Contagious than COVID-19!
Authors: Chakraborty Soham
Published: February 2021

The novel coronavirus disease pandemic or as we know it better, COVID-19, has ravaged society on a global scale. For the uninitiated, the disease is caused by the particular virus- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is seldom that we have a pandemic raging on that has brought with itself such a humongous scale of damage and on every single front of the human society, be it medical, economic, social or just about anything. With that it seems perfectly reasonable for COVID-19 to be at the tip of everyone’s tongue. The word itself creates an aura of dread and discomfort! But there’s something more sinister, and even more contagious that magnifies the ill effects of the disease, not by itself but through how we react to it! Have an idea? As with any trending topic, various social elements seem keen on spreading around and imposing on others, factually incorrect information and baseless rumours that aren’t only unfruitful but also counterproductive to the cause of fighting against the disease itself.
Preventive Measures for Health Professionals in COVID-19
Authors: Dr. Swaroopa Chakole Subhendu Pradhan,
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 or coronavirus disease 2019 is affecting all inhabitants on the earth and most affected section of the society which is also a crucial aspect of the mitigation measures is health care professionals.

SUMMARY

COVID-19 or coronavirus disease 2019 is raging across the world with increasing number of infected cases and associated case fatalities. Health care professionals are among worst hit section and several of them laid their live in the line of duty of COVID-19 mitigation. It is therefore importantto safeguard them through this pandemic and ensure proper care of them is taken.

CONCLUSION

Best practices must be followed in order to ensure the safety of the front-line workers such as doctors and allied health care givers. More study can be done to broaden the base of available empirical data of factors affecting the safety of them.
Perceptions about COVID-19 and their Myths and Belief: The Need to Provide Knowledge and Guidance to Public.
Authors: Dr. Swarupa Chakole Tejas H. L. Kawre,
Published: February 2021

Background: Efforts to promote COVID-19 will actually be in vain without a proper understanding of the perceptions and beliefs that prevail in society. That is why this study sought to identify the gaps in Ethiopia about COVID-19 false interpretation and lack of knowledge.Methods: A survey was conducted online in Ethiopia from 22 April to 4 May 2020. The connection to the questionnaire were announced via email, digital media and the Jimma University website. The perception of COVID-19 was based on World Health Organisation (WHO) sources and knowledge. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software was used to analyse the data. A list of categories and factors was developed for facilitators' perceptions, barriers and information needs. An explanatory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to support the categorization. Standardized category means were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. The p<0.05 value and significant differences were claimed as they were supposed to be taken as the very result of this article and further discussed in a manner of  strategy to identify the false belief and superstitions regarding COVID-19.Inference: The assumption that youth are at minimal chance of contracting COVID-19 requires continuous monitoring and attention. Communication chances and social participation activities need to take into account local and community variations in misbelief and fake assurances. Local efforts must be designed to meet source needs and increase community ownership of anti-viral measures, and should support efforts to address standard precautions. Various methods of communication must be used and appropriately understood to make out the misbelief and fake information.
Pandession: Corona Virus Pandemic Leading To The Biggest Economic Crises Since The Great Recession.
Authors: Chouhan Yashashvi
Published: February 2021

This COVID-19 pandemic has led to a state of health shock in almost all the affected countries. The strain on the health facilities all over the world has increased drastically in the last few months leading to inability of health ministries all over the world to fulfil the demands of the country.The Coronavirus pandemic didn’t just influence the wellbeing status of different nations but on the other hand is strongly affecting the worldwide economy. Perhaps the greatest inquiry is about the conceivable monetary and monetary aftermath of requesting a third from the total populace to remain in an exacting lockdown.Some are contrasting the present-day monetary emergencies with the monetary emergency of 2008 yet the 2008 cries managed the interest side of the economy while the present-day emergency is a stock stun. It is a wellbeing stun.Countries around the world now face a major challenge to balance the load of decelerating economy and to deal with a health crisis, while not holding it too low back so that the recovery would become difficult.So, to deal with the health crises with lockdown and practice social distancing we have to hold the economy down cause if we don’t do that then we won’t be able to practice social distancing.Authorities worldwide have responded to stop the spread of the virus by initiating lockdowns, strict border monitoring, facility closures and workplace hazard controls. Most of the nation have responded by increasing their testing capacity and also tracing the contacts of infected persons so that effective self-isolation by contacts can be followed.The pandemic has caused overall social and financial interruption, which is second to the popular economic disruption of the Great Depression but India was not much affected due to respected Prime ministerManmohan Singh. Because of this the legislatures worldwide have been compelled to delay or drop donning, strict, social, and political occasions, most and majority of stock clearance skyrocketed by over purchasing, over stocking and diminished emission of poisonous and global warming substances. The instruction of youngsters has been influenced overall reason the education system from primary to top of colleges have been shut either on a from one side of the country to the other or local basis in 172 nations.
An Efficient and Accurate Real Time Facial Expression Detection Using CNN
Authors: Dr. M. Sree Devi B. Srujana,
Published: February 2021

Real Facial expression acknowledgment (RTFER) has become a functioning examination zone that finds a ton of utilizations in territories like human-PC interfaces, human feeling investigation, mental investigation, clinical conclusion and so on Mainstream strategies utilized for this intention depend on math and appearance. Profound convolutional neural networks (CNN) have appeared to beat customary strategies in different visual acknowledgment errands including Facial Expression Recognition. Despite the fact that endeavours are made to improve the exactness of RTFER frameworks utilizing CNN, for functional applications existing strategies probably won't be adequate. This examination incorporates a conventional audit of RTFER frameworks utilizing CNN and their qualities and restrictions which assist us with comprehension and improve the RTFER frameworks further.
Factors Affecting Implementation of ISO 9001:2015 in Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Et al. Zohaib Khan Pathan
Published: February 2021

ISO 9001 mainly thrust on the commitment of top management of the organization as far as quality management system is concerned, as per the guidelines it is the duty of top management to define a crystal clear polity for quality maintenance and also there should be clarity of responsibility and authority among the people involved in the same. Main objective of this paper is to identify the significant factors which barriers in implementation of ISO 9001:2015. In depth literature was conducted from where 29 general factors were found. A survey (Qualitative) was conducted from top managerial officials from manufacturing sector to determine significant factors. On basis of mean value total 11 significant factors were found which were related to manufacture sector in Pakistan. This study will be helpful for the managerial staff and officials to control identified factors for implementation of ISO.
Meaning of Life: A Perspective of Javanese Local Wisdom
Authors: Et al. Tyas Martika Anggriana
Published: February 2021

Meaning is the main element needed to achieve happiness; including the meaning of life. In many studies, meaning of life is defined in terms of purpose, significance, or a multifaceted construct. One of the empirical reviews that is still necessitated in the study of meaning of life is the one which focuses on significance. This article attempts to provide answers to this question according to the perspective of the local wisdom of the Samin tribe as a part of the Javanese tribe. The Samin tribe is the name presented to the community that adheres to a doctrine in regards to “laku” or behavior that is believed to be taught by Samin Surosentiko. In other words, they are also known as “Sedulur Sikep”. Historically it can be traced that their presence was closely related to the passive resistance to the Dutch colonial government that colonized Indonesia around the 19th century. For the Samin tribe, there are no colonial laws. Instead, there are only laws of action, speech and necessity, which include not committing crimes, not arguing, not fighting, not having jealousy, not coveting or stealing, and not lying or slandering. The Samin tribe teaches these values to their generation because they believe that if they behave and act based on these values, they will live happily. The technique used is referred to as “kanda/pitutur” or giving advice by giving examples. This study used a qualitative approach in the form of phenomenology to understand the personal dimensions of the subject’s subjective experience on the meaning of the values of kanda/pitutur of sedulur sikep. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations on the Samin people. The data were analyzed in three stages, which were phenomenological reduction, eidetic reduction, and transcendental reduction. The results of this study provide a description of the reasons that make life worth living; as a transformation of the significance of meaning of life. The cognitive dimension as an evaluative component is related to self-acceptance, self-control, productive attitudes, autonomy, and positive relationships and harmonization with fellow living beings. In addition, there are also the affective and motivational dimensions shown.
Dialogue Journal Writing in Emergency Remote Teaching: Effect on Writing Competency and Students’ Perception towards Implementation
Authors: et al. Gede Sukanaya
Published: February 2021

The current study intended to explore the effect of dialogue journal writing (DJW) on students’ writing and identifying their perception towards the implementation of DJW in emergency remote teaching (ERT) setting. The method of the current study is a mix method. The design of the quantitative study is experiment with pretest-posttest design, and for qualitative study is using case study. The data were collected through writing competency test and interview guide. This study used descriptive and inferential analysis for the quantitative data and follow O’Connor & Gibson (2003) guidance in analysing qualitative data. The result quantitative analysis showed that the mean score of students' writing competency in posttest (7.4) is higher than pretest (6.6). A significant mean difference is indicated from the result of t test (Sig. =.000). The qualitative analysis identified three themes from the interview (1) encouragement & confidence, (2) motivation, and (3) improvement on writing. Thus, DJW is encouraged to be implemented in ERT setting.
Ear Votives in The Greek and Roman Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: PATACI Sami
Published: February 2021

This paper is going to focus on the meaning of ear votives in the Greek and Roman Eastern Mediterranean. It will deal specifically with Lydian-Phrygian votive stelae and votive objects from western Asia Minor. In addition, a general evaluation of the finds in Ancient Egypt civilization, Cyprus and Italy is made in the text. Votive steles with large ear depictions are seen for the first time in the 20th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. The ear dedications presented to the goddess Hathor at the Temple of the Goddess Hatshepsut are dated to the 18th Dynasty. Models of thousands of human body parts have been unearthed in the sanctuary in Italy. It is seen that these votives are dedicated to Vei and Menerva, the local gods of the Etruscans. In Greek and Roman cultures, votives are mostly presented to Asclepius. An important center in this regard is Pergamon in Anatolia.
Neoklasik Realizmin “Dış Politikayı” Açıklama Gücü
Authors: ÇAKIRCA Burak
Published: February 2021

Dış politika kavramı uluslararası ilişkiler teorilerinin odak noktalarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Kavram çoğu zaman devletlerin dış politikalarına indirgenmiştir. Küreselleşme ile uluslararası sistemde aktör çeşitliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu sebepten dış politika kavramı da farklı bir boyutta ele alınmaya başlanmıştır. Neoklasik realizm dış politika kavramını açıklama iddiasında olan bir meta teori olarak görülmektedir. Teori dış politika açıklamasını çok boyutlu biçimde ele almaktadır. Dış politika kurucu bir unsur olarak, pek çok faktörün bir araya gelmesiyle oluşan bir süreç çıktısı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada neoklasik realizmin teorik zemininin dış politikayı açıklama gücü tartışılmaktadır.
Yerel Yönetimlerin Engelsiz Yaşam Hedefi: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Örneği
Authors: KAVİLİ ARAP Sultan , YÜCEBAŞ Elif , ARAP İbrahim
Published: February 2021

Günümüzde eşitsizliğe uğrayan gruplara sosyal hizmet ve yardımlar sunma konusunda temel aktörlerden birisi olan yerel yönetimlerin sorumluluk alanı genişlemektedir. Araştırmanın amacı yerel yönetimlerin engelli bireylere yönelik sunduğu hizmetlerin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu kapsamda İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesinin görevleri ve gönüllü yürüttüğü hizmetlere ilişkin mevcut durum analiz edilmiştir. Veri toplamada belge analizi ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi engellilik alanında toplumsal farkındalığı artırma, toplumsal koruma gibi hizmetlerde göreceli olarak başarılıdır. Bununla birlikte çeşitli mali ve fiziksel zorlukların da etkisiyle erişebilirlik konusunda, özellikle kentsel tasarım açısından sorun olduğu, istihdam yaratıcı etkinlikler ve engelli hak savunuculuğu konularında ise etki yaratacak bir uygulama olmadığı görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, yerel yönetimlerin etki alanı artmakla birlikte, bazı temel eksikliklerin olduğu görülmektedir.
Filmlerde Yakın Partner Şiddeti: Türkiye’de 2016-2018 Yılları Arasında En Çok Seyirci Sayısına Ulaşan Türk Yapımı Filmlerin İçerik Analizi Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇUHADAROĞLU Alper , TANACIOĞLU AYDIN Betül
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de 2016-2018 yılları arasında en çok seyirci sayısına ulaşmış Türk yapımı beşer filmin, yakın partner şiddeti frekanslarının içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmesidir. Araştırmacılar tarafından izlenen filmler; sosyal, sözel, fiziksel, ekonomik, psikolojik, cinsel, sanal/dijital şiddet ve ısrarlı takip davranışı (stalking) açısından ele alınmıştır. Filmlerin çoğunda yakın partner şiddetine rastlanmış olup şiddeti uygulayan karakterlerin daha çok olumlu ve ana karakter olduğu, benzer şekilde şiddete maruz kalan karakterin de ana ve olumlu karakterler olduğu saptanmıştır. Başka bir deyişle şiddet, izleyici tarafından örnek alınma ihtimali yüksek olan karakterler tarafından gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın; yakın partner şiddetinin yaygınlığının anlaşılması hem alan yazınına hem de bu konuda farkındalık yaratması açılarından topluma fayda sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Afetlere Sosyolojik Bakış ve Türkiye’de Afet Yazınına Kuramsal Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: GÖKALP YILMAZ Gaye
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışma, afet çalışmalarını bu alana egemen olan doğa bilimleri açısından inceleyen ve afetlere yönelik klasik yaklaşımlara dayalı açıklamalara ek olarak, afet çalışmalarına birey ve toplum odaklı bakış açısıyla sosyolojik ve metodolojik katkılar sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye’de temelde deprem ve sonrasında ihtiyaçların karşılanması ve depreme hazırlık bağlamında ele alınan afet çalışmaları, Türkçe literatürde sosyolojik açıdan sınırlı düzeyde tartışılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, yalnızca deprem değil tüm afetlere yönelik bir yazın geliştirmek ve özellikle birey ve bireyin anlamlandırma ve “rutin olanı” yeniden inşa süreçlerine odaklanmak gereklidir. Bu bağlamda, afetlerin toplumsal boyutuna değinerek, toplumsal ve gündelik hayatın yani düzenin kesintiye uğramasına bağlı olarak toplumsal olanın, anlamların ve ilişkilerin yeniden inşa süreçlerine fenomenolojik ve etnometodolojik bakış açısıyla odaklanmak, afet yazınının sosyolojik boyutunu metodolojik anlamda daha güçlü kılacaktır.
Exploring Perspectives of Secondary School Teachers on Technology Integration in Education During Pandemic
Authors: AYÇİÇEK Burak , KARAFİL Burcu
Published: February 2021

This paper investigates how Covid-19 pandemic influenced secondary school teachers’ attitudes and opinions towards technology integration in education. For this purpose, the study was conducted in phenomenological design. The participants of the study consisted of 25 secondary school teachers of different branches. Open-ended question form was used to obtain data. The data were collected during the spring semester of 2019-2020 academic year. According to the findings of the study, it is evident that perceptions of teachers participated in the study about technology integration in teaching and learning process are positive in general. However, teachers stated their negative experiences such as internet problems, lack of internet competence, lack of family support, motivational problems, insufficient feedback, time limitation and inappropriate home environment.
BLESSING IN DISGUISE TEORI RECEPTIE: DAMPAK TEORI RECEPTIE PADA TRADISI PENYALINAN DAN PENULISAN ULANG MANUSKRIP HUKUM ADAT DAN UNDANG-UNDANG KERAJAAN ISLAM NUSANTARA
Authors: Masykhur Anis
Published: February 2021

Kebijakan politik penjajah Belanda di akhir abad 19 dan awal abad 20 adalah menindaklanjuti rekomendasi kajian Snouck Hurgronje terutama dalam kontek hubungan Islam dengan politik dan hubungan Islam dengan adat. Salah satu rekomendasinya adalah Islam harus dipisahkan dari aspek politik. Dalam hal relasi dengan hukum adat, hukum Islam baru dapat diberlakukan ketika tidak bertentangan dengan hukum adat atau dapat pengakuan dari hukum adat, yang kemudian di kalangan ahli hukum adat dikenal dengan teori receptie. Implementasi teori receptie ini bernilai negatif bagi eksistensi hukum Islam. Namun demikian, sisi positifnya tidak bisa diabaikan. Beberapa kebijakan yang dilakukan penjajah adalah memobilisasi kerajaan-kerajaan di nusantara untuk melakukan transmisi naskah berupa penyalinan, penulisan ulang dan pembukuan kitab-kitab undang-undang kerajaan dan hukum adat yang berlaku saat itu. Penelitian ini merupakan studi dokumen naskah hukum adat dan naskah undang-undang yang pernah diberlakukan di beberapa kerajaan Islam Nusantara dengan mencermati masa penulisan, pengundangan, dan penyalinan ulang. Dalam analisisnya dilengkapi dengan pendekatan sejarah. Temuan penelitian ini menyatakan pasca penerimaan teori receptie, pelaksanaan penulisan ulang dokumen hukum adat cukup intensif dan mengalami puncaknya ketika dibukukan dalam adatrechtbundels yang berjumlah 45 jilid. Jilid I dicetak pertama kali pada tahun 1910 M. Dengan pembukuan tersebut, Pemerintah Belanda ingin menegaskan bahwa hukum yang berlaku di masyarakat adalah hukum adat. Padahal, dengan mengunggulkan hukum adat, pada hakikatnya mengunggulkan hukum Islam juga.
THE SHIFT OF NON-PROFIT CONTRACT TO BUSINESS CONTRACT IN THE ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTION BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
Authors: Maksum Muhammad , Sholeh M. Asrorun Niam , Afiyanah Yayuk
Published: February 2021

This article examines the shift of contract objectives from what originally set for non-profit objectives to business ones. Such shift is found in the three contracts; wakalah (power of attorney), hawalah (underground banking), and kafalah (guarantee). Referring to their uses in several Islamic financial products in Indonesia and comparing to the sharia resolution of Sharia Authority Council Malaysia and Islamic law (fiqh), the majority of these contracts is proven to apply fees (ujrah) and used both independently and in combination with other contracts. Here, the fees are mostly applied in the Islamic financial institutions, but unfortunately the customers who are involved in the contracts get less. This, in turn, affects and changes the contract classification which originally included the three in the non-profit contract and eventually turns them into the business contract. If the contracts are set for business objectives, they are then considered as service/lease based contracts (ijarah). In the construction of a real agreement (contract), this shift has implications on changes in the rights and responsibilities of the parties involved and can raise a dispute cause of misunderstanding of the status of the contract as voluntary (tabarruâ€™) or business (tijari).
PENGEMBANGAN WISATA HALAL UNTUK KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Nasution Mutiaralinda Sartika , Prayitno Basuki , Rois Ihsan
Published: February 2021

West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) is one of Indonesiaâ€™s leading halal tourist destinations. This makes business opportunities open for the local community and will be able to improve the welfare of the community. All districts participated in the development of halal tourism to increase the number of tourist visits to NTB. The city of Mataram, the capital of the NTB province, is no exception. Mataram is also actively building and developing halal tourism by packaging existing tourist destinations into attractive halal tourist destinations. Seeing the rapid development of halal tourism in NTB, this study was conducted to examine the development of Halal Tourism in the City of Mataram and to determine the contribution of the development of halal tourism to the welfare of the people in Mataram City. This research is a descriptive qualitative study in which the primary data are informants from the City of Mataram Tourism Office, Mataram City Promotion Board, Tourism Actors and tourists that visiting Mataram while secondary data are obtained from various reports, books, publications, websites and others. The results of this study aimed that the development of halal tourism carried out by the Mataram City Government was quite good. This is proven by the increasing number of tourists visiting Mataram City each year. Development of halal tourism is done by improving facilities and infrastructure at tourist destinations, promoting both local and international, providing public transportation that is good enough to access tourist attractions, providing accommodations in accordance with sharia provisions so as to provide comfort for tourists especially Muslim tourists. With various efforts to develop tourist destinations that have been carried out by the Government of the City of Mataram has an impact on improving the welfare of the people of the City of Mataram, which is illustrated through the increase in the HDI index from year to year.
MAHAR DAN BHOKA (DILEKTIKA AGAMA DAN ADAT PADA MASYARAKAT MUNA DI KENDARI DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM)
Authors: Alifuddin Muhammad , Suhiat Suhiat , Anhusadar Laode
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan studi etnohgrafi tentang dialektika agama dan adat dalam ritual perkawinan di lingkungan orang Muna. Seluruh data dalam penelitian bersumber dari hasil pengamatan, wawancara mendalam serta studi dokumen. Mengingat penelitian ini terkait dengan aspek pengamalan hukum yang hidup dalam ruang sosial budaya, maka analisis atas data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi hermeneutic. Integrasi bhoka sebagai nilai atau besaran mahar dalam perspektif hukum Islam dapat dipandang sebagai urf .Problem serius terkait implementasi pemberian bhoka sebagai nilai mahar, lebih disebakan karena dalam banyak kasus mahar yang sejatinya menjadi hak seorang isteri bergeser menjadi atau dibagi kepada keluarga, bahkan kepada sejumlah tokoh adat yang menyaksikan proses tersebut. Realitas ini berpotensi menabrak norma pemberlakuan mahar dalam hukum Islam, sehingga meniscayakan kesepakatan-kesepakatan baru guna merumuskan ulang pola implementasi mahar dan bhoka yang dapat mengarahkan masyarakat untuk menjalankan agama dan adat secara beriringan tanpa adanya potensi pelanggaran nilai. Oleh karena itu jika bhoka pada dirinya sendiri dapat dikategorikan sebagai urf shahih. Namun pergeseran subyek atas hak terhadap mahar yang dinilai dengan bhoka, mengarah pada potensi pelanggaran hukum, dan atau penciptaan urf yang kontra produktif dengan nilai-nilai Islam.
Organizational climate and work engagement of employees of divine word colleges in Ilocos Region, Philippines
Authors: Abun Damianus , Menor Russel I. , Catabagan Nimfa C. , Magallanes Theogenia , Ranay Frelyn B.
Published: February 2021

The study aims to determine the correlation between organizational climate and work engagement of the employees. To strengthen the theory of the study, related literature was reviewed. The study used a descriptive correlational research design. To gather the data, questionnaires were used. The population of the study was all faculty and employees of the colleges in the Ilocos region. Since it is a quantitative study, the statistic was used to interpret the data. The weighted mean was used to determine the average mean of different organizational climate dimensions and different dimensions of work engagement, while Pearson r Correlation was used to determine the correlation between the organizational climate and work engagement of the employees. The results indicate that there is a significant correlation between organizational climate and work engagement of employees.
The Effect of Mental Fatigue on Half-Marathon Performance: a Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Gattoni Chiara , O’Neill Barry Vincent , Schena Federico , Marcora Samuele Maria
Published: February 2021

Purpose It is well established that mental fatigue impairs performance during lab-based endurance tests lasting < 45 min. However, the effects of mental fatigue on longer-duration endurance events and in field settings are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mental fatigue on performance during a half-marathon race.Methods Forty-six male amateur runners (means ± SD: age 43.8 ± 8.6 years, V̇O2max 46.0 ± 4.1 ml/kg/min) completed an half-marathon after being randomly allocated to performing a 50-min mentally-fatiguing task (mental fatigue group) or reading magazines for 50 min (control group). Running speed, heart rate, and perceived effort were measured during the race.Results The mental fatigue group completed the half-marathon approximately four minutes slower (106.2 ± 12.4 min) than the control group (102.4 ± 10.2 min), but this difference was not statistically significant (Cohen’s d = 0.333; p = 0.265). However, equivalence was not established (t(40.88) = 0.239, p = 0.594) and equivalence testing analysis excluded a worthwhile positive effect of mental fatigue on half-marathon performance.Conclusion Due to its posttest-only design and the achievable sample size, the study did not have enough power to provide evidence that the observed 4-minute increase in half-marathon time is statistically significant. However, equivalence testing suggests that mental fatigue has no beneficial effects on half-marathon performance in male amateur runners, and harmful effects cannot be excluded. Overall, it seems prudent for endurance athletes to avoid mentally-fatiguing tasks before competitions.
Fine Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis of a Major Locus Controlling Ovule Abortion and Seed Number Per Silique in Brassica Napus L.
Authors: Jiao Yangmiao , Zhang Kunpeng , Cai Guangqin , Yu Kaidi , Amoo Olalekan , Han Shaoqing , Zhao Xiang , Zhang Hao , Hu Limin , Wang Bingrui , fan chuchuan , Zhou Yongming
Published: February 2021

Key message A major QTL controlling ovule abortion and SN was fine-mapped to a 80.1-kb region on A8 in rapeseed, and BnaA08g07940D and BnaA08g07950D are the most likely candidate genes.Abstact The seed number per silique (SN), an important yield determining trait of rapeseed, is the final consequence of a complex developmental process including ovule initiation and the subsequent ovule/seed development. To elucidate the genetic mechanism regulating the natural variation of SN and its related components, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was conducted using a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from the cross between C4-146 and C4-58B, which showed signiﬁcant differences in SN and aborted ovule number (AON), but no obvious differences in ovule number (ON). QTL analysis identiﬁed 19 consensus QTLs for six SN-related traits across three environments. A novel QTL on chromosome A8, un.A8, which pleiotropically controls all these traits except for ON, was stably detected across the three environments.This QTL explained more than 50% of the SN, AON and percentage of aborted ovule (PAO) variations as well as a moderate contribution on silique length (SL) and thousand seed weight (TSW). The C4-146 allele at the locus increases SN and SL but decreases AON, PAO and TSW. Further fine mapping narrowed down this locus into a 80.1-kb interval flanked by markers BM1668 and BM1672, and six predicted genes were annotated in the delimited region. Expression analyses and DNA sequencing showed that two homologs of Arabidopsis photosystem I subunit F (BnaA08g07940D) and zinc transporter 10 precursor (BnaA08g07950D) were the most promising candidate genes underlying this locus. These results provide a solid basis for cloning un.A8 to reduce the ovule abortion and increase SN in the yield improvement of rapeseed.
Bioinformatics Analysis in Different Expression Genes and Potential Pathways of CD4+ Cells in Childhood Allergic Asthma
Authors: Li Chenbei , Kan Ao , Zeng Xianjun
Published: February 2021

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in children. CD4+T cell plays a key role in the immune response which affects the pathogenesis of asthma. Genetic level of CD4+T cells on childhood allergic asthma remains unclear. In our study, we aimed to identify potential different expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways related to childhood allergic asthma by performing bioinformatics analysis of dataset.Methods: GSE40887 dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used for bioinformatics analysis. Limma package in R was used to detect DEGs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were carried by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was performed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Cytoscape. Hub genes were identified through cytoHubba in Cytoscape. Results: In all, 200 up-regulated genes and 69 down-regulated genes were identified. Up-regulated genes were mainly enriched in: protein self-association, cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, plasma membrane. As for down-regulated genes, enzyme binding and detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell, nucleolus were enriched. Only one KEGG pathway was enriched: olfactory transduction. In addition, top 10 hub genes were found including: PRPF19, CCAR1, CWC15, PRPF38A, PRCC, KRR1, RPS3, PDCD11, MKI67, and NUF2. Conclusion: Several DEGs (SNORD46, RPS3, OR5E1P, OR56A5 and OR51B6, and PDCD11), one pathway (olfactory transduction) and one biological process (cellular response to hydrogen peroxide) were found might associate to childhood allergic asthma. Our results may provide inspiration for other researchers on DEGs and pathways in CD4+T cells of childhood allergic asthma.
Apolipoprotein C-II induces EMT to Promote Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Wang Chao , Yang Zhi , Xu En , Wang Xingzhou , Li Zijian , Yu Heng , Chen Kai , Liu Song , Guan Wenxian
Published: February 2021

Background: Peritoneal metastasis (PM) occurs frequently in patients with gastric cancer (GC) and confers poor survival. Lipid metabolism and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) play an important role in GC metastasis. As Apolipoprotein C-II (APOC2) is a key protein in lipid metabolism, few studies have investigated the role of APOC2 in PM. This study aims to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of APOC2 in the PM of GC.Methods: The Tandem Mass Tagging (TMT) method followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis was used to compare the levels of differentially expressed proteins between human PM and GC tissues. APOC2 expression was evaluated by immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry analysis (n = 111). APOC2 over-expression and knock-down expression cell models were developed and tested in vitro. RNA sequencing analysis evaluated the changes in gene expression after APOC2 knockdown in GC cells. The Agilent Seahorse XF platform and lipid staining assay were used to evaluate the role of APOC2 in lipid metabolism of GC cells. Spheroid cell invasion assay, apoptosis assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing assays, and transwell assays were performed and peritoneal implants into nude mice were done to assess the biological effects of APOC2. The underlying mechanisms were investigated using Western blot, inhibitor or activator treatment assays.Results: APOC2 was highly abundant in GC cells and PM tissues. And high APOC2 levels in GC tissues correlated with poor patient prognosis. Knockdown of APOC2 inhibited the malignant phenotype of cancer cells and EMT significantly. Massive gene expression alterations after APOC2 knockdown, which were associated with various signaling pathways, especially the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the regulatory effects of APOC2 on the EMT were partially attributed to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The results in vivo also showed that APOC2 modulated GC PM.Conclusions: We verified that knockdown of APOC2 suppressed GC cell Lipid metabolism, proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT, accompanied by inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. APOC2 overexpression had the opposite effects GC cell phenotypes and mechanisms. Collectively, our results identified APOC2 in PM as a potential therapeutic target.
Removal of Methylene Blue Dye From Aqueous Solution Using PDADMAC Modified ZSM-5 Zeolite as a Novel Adsorbent 
Authors: Radoor Sabarish , Karayil Jasila , Jayakumar Aswathy , Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar , Siengchin Suchart
Published: February 2021

In the present work, we modified ZSM-5 zeolite using a bio polymer poly (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) and employed it for the removal of cationic dye, methylene blue from aqueous solution. The chemical and physical properties of the modified ZSM-5 zeolite were investigated using XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, nitrogen adsorption, TGA and 27Al NMR. Modified ZSM-5 zeolite possesses high surface area and pore diameter which was confirmed from SEM, TEM and nitrogen adsorption analysis. Adsorption of methylene blue on zeolite was investigated by batch adsorption technique. The effect of different parameters such as zeolite dosage, initial methylene blue concentration, temperature, pH and contact time on the adsorption process was discussed. Maximum adsorption capacity (4.31 mg/g) was achieved using 0.1g of modified ZSM-5 zeolite at the optimum conditions (initial dye concentration: 10 mg/L, pH: 10, temperature:30oC and contact time: 300 min). The experimental data were fitted into Langmuir and Freundlich models and the results indicate that the adsorption process followed Freundlich isotherm. Kinetic data were investigated using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. Kinetic analysis indicates that pseudo-second-order model is more suitable to describe adsorption of MB on modified ZSM-5 zeolite. The reusability test suggests that the adsorbent could be reused at least six times without significant loss in removal efficiency.