bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic status quo and trend of enterprise economic management innovation based on media group
Authors: Dashutina Liudmyla , Xu Tian
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to an overview of Midea Group's activities in the home appliance industry. The Midea Group comprises three listed companies and four industrial groups, making it one of China's most prominent white goods manufacturing and exporting centers. Over the years, the company has expanded its portfolio into five business segments: smart home, building technology, industrial technology, robotics and automation, and digital innovation. The company operates in more than 200 countries and regions. The article discusses the importance of effectively managing the enterprise economy in the modern business landscape. Skillful economic management has been vital for optimizing resource allocation, increasing profitability, and ensuring sustainable development. The importance of innovations in economic management is determined, and an analysis of various indicators of economic management for different periods is provided. Midea Group's economic analysis uses the POWERSWOT analysis method, which characterizes several factors contributing to its success. Midea Group's management decisions are found to be practical, and the company uses incentive plans to motivate employees, which has led to a dramatic increase in operating income. The Midea Group's commitment to compliance with regulations and seizing policy opportunities that have helped it maintain steady growth in ROI and R&D while supporting sustainable operations is clarified. The company's use of non-operating investment gains has contributed to diversified growth despite prudently managing its debt. Midea Group focuses on sophisticated incentive plans and a people-centric approach, extending stock incentive plans to employees of various positions. The company prioritizes sustainable development, using the principles of economic management to improve its long-term prospects and sustainability in the global market.
Keywords: globalization, enterprise development, strategic practices, Midea Group, global market, competitive advantage, cultural adaptation, global value chain, innovation.
Erwartungen zur beruflichen Ausbildung an Maturandenkursen
Authors: Egli Hans Rudolf
Published: February 2024

Hans Rudolf Egli, der Verfasser des folgenden Erfahrungsberichtes, war langjähriger Redaktor der "Berner Schulpraxis" und Didaktiklehrer am Staatlichen Seminar Bern, wo er zwischen 1969 und 1981 die berufspraktische Leitung einer Reihe von Lehrerbildungskursen für Berufsleute und Maturanden innehatte.
Evaluasi Pencegahan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut Di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Kospa Herda Sabriyah Dara , Awaluddin A Praja2
Published: February 2024

Forest and peat land fires in OKI District still occur though local government have tried some efforts to control them. This study aims to evaluate the mitigation efforts that have been carried out by examining the triggering factors for peat fires in OKI Regency and how the existing efforts currently being carried out by related parties. This study was conducted through literature study and field surveys to describe facts and evaluate them based on literature review. This study showed that the causes of forest and peatland fires in this area were mainly due to massive land conversion, unsustainable of land clearing techniques, and also triggered by drought phenomenon. It was necessary to optimize efforts to prevent fires through the development of an early warning system that could reach all stakeholders. In addition, community-based peat restoration programs should be continuously implemented and could reach more areas. Furthermore, increasing corporate responsibility in preventing forest and land fires on concession was pivotal through collaboration with local communities and comprehensive strategies. By establishing communities concerned with forest and land fires, company facilitated them in preventing potential fire hazards, as well as provided education and training in environmentally friendly agricultural techniques.
Jag drabbas – det här får kommunen lösa
Authors: Malmquist Anna , Hjerpe Mattias , Glaas Erik , Lundgren Tora , Gyberg Per , Storbjörk Sofie
Published: February 2024

Klimatförändringar leder till ökade och nya risker i samhällen. Översvämningar från skyfall är en sådan risk som redan genererar stora skador, vilka förväntas öka markant i framtiden. Inte minst riskerar många villaägare att drabbas av översvämningar och de har också tillskrivits en central roll i Sveriges klimatanpassningsarbete. Trots detta har inga tidigare svenska studier undersökt specifikt hur villaägare påverkats av översvämningar bortom skadekostnader och ytterst få har undersökt hur de har hanterat eller ser på sitt ansvar att förebygga översvämningsrisker. Bristen på sådan kunskap kan leda till mindre informerade beslut om klimatanpassning. Genom intervjuer med villaägare som drabbats av översvämningar undersöker denna studie hur villaägare; ser på översvämningsrisker, har påverkats materiellt och hälsomässigt, har hanterat situationen, och ser på ansvar att förebygga nya skador. Studien påvisar tydliga effekter på villaägares välbefinnande, att få villaägare har implementerat åtgärder, tendenser att underskatta risker för översvämningar samt att ansvaret för förebyggande åtgärder skjuts över till andra aktörer.
Livet från den ljusa sidan
Authors: Linnell Mikael
Published: February 2024

Syftet med denna artikel är att undersöka föreställningar om nedväxtsamhället som ett alternativ till grön tillväxt för att förstå och hantera klimatkrisen. Med utgångspunkt i aktuell tillväxtkritisk forskningslitteratur undersöks hur författare har föreställt sig ett framtida samhälle präglat av nedväxt. Artikelns analytiska ansats är att söka urskilja mönster och tendenser genom en systematisk genomgång av vetenskapligt baserade framtidsbilder. Ett sådant angreppssätt kan sägas ligga i linje med det vidare program som syftar till att visa på sociologins betydelse för samhällsförändring och i förlängningen hur vi föreställer oss och rekonstruerar världen bortom klimatkrisen. Exempel på hur livet i ett framtida nedväxtsamhälle skulle kunna gestalta sig presenteras utifrån fyra övergripande områden: ”livsstil”, ”infrastruktur”, ”styrning och organisering” samt ”arbete och ekonomi”. Föreställningar om det radikalt annorlunda belyses vidare genom sociologiska resonemang kring begreppet utopi.
Hubungan Peran Penyuluh dengan Persepsi Anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani dalam Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL)
Authors: Abidah Ai Silca Fitri , Suyudi Suyudi , Mutiarasari Nurul Risti
Published: February 2024

Fenomena alih fungsi lahan menjadi ancaman serius yang dapat mengganggu ketahanan pangan nasional. Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) merupakan sebuah program dari pemerintah untuk menggerakkan budaya memanfaatkan dan mengelola lahan pekarangan bagi masyarakat pedesaan maupun perkotaan dalam upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan masyarakat. Kegiatan penyuluhan menjadi salah satu cara yang diharapkan dapat membantu keberhasilan program KRPL.  Untuk menjamin tujuan program dapat tercapai, peran penyuluh juga akan berdampak pada persepsi anggota kelompok wanita tani. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peran penyuluh dalam program KRPL, mengetahui persepsi anggota kelompok wanita tani terhadap program KRPL serta menganalisis hubungan antara persepsi anggota kelompok wanita tani dengan peran penyuluh dalam program KRPL. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelompok Wanita Tani Mawar Bodas Kecamatan Tawang Kota Tasikmalaya yang merupakan KWT yang melaksanakan program KRPL dan merupakan salah satu KWT percontohan di Kota Tasikmalaya dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 24 orang. Data peran penyuluh dan persepsi anggota kelompok wanita tani dianalisis secara deskriptif dan untuk melihat hubungan antara persepsi anggota kelompok wanita tani dengan peran penyuluh dalam program KRPL digunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Secara keseluruhan peran penyuluh pada program KRPL termasuk dalam kategori sedang, (2) Persepsi anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani Mawar Bodas mengenai program KRPL termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, (3) Terdapat hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara peran penyuluh dengan persepsi anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani Mawar Bodas dalam program KRPL.
STRATEGI PRODUK TENGTENG BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM UPAYA MENGEMBANGKAN PEMASARAN UMKM SARI PUTRA DESASUKAMANAH
Authors: Harsanto Prasetyo , Bahtiar Dandi , Nurapipah Dila Marwah
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the Tengteng product strategy to develop the marketing of Sari Putra SMEs in Sukamanah Village. The population in this study is Sari Putra SMEs, while the sample is the owners, employees, and consumers of Sari Putra SMEs, where there is one key informant and fifteen supporting informants. The data collection technique used a triangulation technique which consisted of observation, interview, and documentation with primary data and secondary data as the source of research data. Data analysis in this study uses the Fishbone Diagram Analysis model with assessment, data presentation from interviews with key informants and supporting informants, and then leveraging data and conclusions. The results showed that: (1) Tengteng product strategy based on local wisdom to develop marketing on product identity brands by 75% and brand rights by 31%, packaging attractiveness by 50%, innovation in product quality by 100%, product variants by 75% and design 69% products, 62% on product information labels and 100% halal certification. (2) the factors that hinder Tengteng's product strategy to develop marketing are 31% brand rights and 50% attractiveness of packaging. (3) innovations made by Sari Putra SMEs on local wisdom Tengteng products which consist of local materials, production, and marketing processes. (4) implementation of product strategies that are still simple using local marketing, production processes without machines, and lack of Human Resources in each part of production management does not yet have rights to Tengteng products because it is influenced by the marketing system of Tengteng products.
Drift Detection and Model Update using Unsupervised AutoML in IoT
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Khalafalla , Alshareef Ibrahim Yousif
Published: February 2024

This paper addresses the challenges of concept drift on the Internet of Things (IoT) environments and evaluates a machine-learning model's performance under varying data drift conditions using unsupervised Automatic Machine Learning (AutoML) anomaly detection techniques. By implementing a dynamic learning framework and employing advanced analytics, the study showcases the resilience of the proposed methodology against evolving data patterns. The results demonstrate the model's robust predictive capabilities, even in high drift scenarios, underscoring the importance of adaptive models in maintaining effective IoT security measures. The achieved improvement percentages can reach 46% for the F1 score.
Management of autoimmune hepatitis induced by hepatitis delta virus
Authors: Gigi Eleni , Lagopoulos Vasileios , Liakos Aris
Published: February 2024

Approximately 12-72 million people worldwide are co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV). This concurrent infection can lead to several severe outcomes with hepatic disease, such as cirrhosis, fulminant hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, being the most common. Over the past few decades, a correlation between viral hepatitis and autoimmune diseases has been reported. Furthermore, autoantibodies have been detected in the serum of patients co-infected with HBV/HDV, and autoimmune features have been reported. However, to date, very few cases of clinically significant autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) have been reported in patients with HDV infection, mainly in those who have received treatment with pegylated interferon. Interestingly, there are some patients with HBV infection and AIH in whom HDV infection is unearthed after receiving treatment with immunosuppressants. Consequently, several questions remain unanswered with the challenge to distinguish whether it is autoimmune or “autoimmune-like” hepatitis being the most crucial. Second, it remains uncertain whether autoimmunity is induced by HBV or delta virus. Finally, we investigated whether the cause of AIH lies in the previous treatment of HDV with pegylated interferon. These pressing issues should be elucidated to clarify whether new antiviral treatments for HDV, such as Bulevirtide or immu-nosuppressive drugs, are more appropriate for the management of patients with HDV and AIH.
Adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Dilemmas at the start of a new era
Authors: Zhong Jian-Hong
Published: February 2024

Approximately 50%-70% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma experience recurrence within five years after curative hepatic resection or ablation. As a result, many patients receive adjuvant therapy after curative resection or ablation in order to prolong recurrence-free survival. The therapy recommended by national guidelines can differ, and guidelines do not specify when to initiate adjuvant therapy or how long to continue it. These and other unanswered questions around adjuvant therapies make it difficult to optimize them and determine which may be more appropriate for a given type of patient. These questions need to be addressed by clinicians and researchers.
Bibliometrics analysis based on the Web of Science: Current trends and perspective of gastric organoid during 2010-2023
Authors: Jiang Kai-Lin , Jia Yue-Bo , Liu Xue-Jiao , Jia Qing-Ling , Guo Li-Kun , Wang Xiang-Xiang , Yang Ke-Ming , Wu Chen-Heng , Liang Bei-Bei , Ling Jiang-Hong
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Three-dimensional organoid culture systems have been established as a robust tool for elucidating mechanisms and performing drug efficacy testing. The use of gastric organoid models holds significant promise for advancing personalized medicine research. However, a comprehensive bibliometric review of this bur-geoning field has not yet been published.

AIM

To analyze and understand the development, impact, and direction of gastric organoid research using bibliometric methods using data from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database.

METHODS

This analysis encompassed literature pertaining to gastric organoids published between 2010 and 2023, as indexed in the WoSCC. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to depict network maps illustrating collaborations among authors, institutions and keywords related to gastric organoid. Citation, co-citation, and burst analysis methodologies were applied to assess the impact and progress of research.

RESULTS

A total of 656 relevant studies were evaluated. The majority of research was published in gastroenterology-focused journals. Globally, Yana Zavros, Hans Clevers, James M Wells, Sina Bartfeld, and Chen Zheng were the 5 most productive authors, while Hans Clevers, Huch Meritxell, Johan H van Es, Marc Van de Wetering, and Sato Toshiro were the foremost influential scientists in this area. Institutions from the University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands Institute for Developmental Biology (Utrecht), and University of Cincinnati (Cincinnati, OH, United States) made the most significant contributions. Currently, gastric organoids are used mainly in studies investigating gastric cancer (GC), Helicobacter pylori -infective gastritis, with a focus on the mechanisms of GC, and drug screening tests.

CONCLUSION

Key focus areas of research using gastric organoids include unraveling disease mechanisms and enhancing drug screening techniques. Major contributions from renowned academic institutions highlight this field’s dynamic growth.
Agentes Etiológicos Asociados a Infección del Tracto Urinario en Pacientes Adultos con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Authors: Sosa Poblete Fatima , Marcial Cruz Daniel , Castillo Jimenez Sugey Magdalena
Published: February 2024

En todo el mundo, aproximadamente 150 millones de personas son diagnosticadas con infección de vías urinarias (IVU) y bacteriuria asintomática cada año, lo que sigue siendo una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. El diagnóstico de IVU en pacientes diabéticos es similar al de otros pacientes con infección complicada, y los patógenos más comunes incluyen Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., y enterococos. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los agentes causales de la infección del tracto urinario en pacientes adultos con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 en un hospital específico en Salina Cruz, Oaxaca. Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y descriptivo utilizando expedientes clínicos de pacientes diabéticos con infección del tracto urinario que estuvieron hospitalizados en el Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 2 durante un período específico en 2020. Se recopilaron datos sociodemográficos, niveles de glucosa en suero, presencia de IVU y los agentes patógenos aislados. Los recursos materiales fueron proporcionados por el grupo de investigadores, mientras que la infraestructura utilizada fue la del hospital. El equipo investigador incluyó profesionales con formación en medicina familiar e interna, con experiencia en el área de estudio.
La Argumentación en la Enseñanza de las Ciencias, y su Papel Trasformador en las Prácticas Educativas
Authors: Díaz Salcedo Oscar José , Ramírez Lavao Claudia Maritza
Published: February 2024

A pesar de los esfuerzos hechos en investigación en la didáctica de las ciencias, se sigue apreciando por parte de los docentes en orientar sus actividades desde modelos que hacen énfasis en la trasmisión de conocimientos (DuschI,1997), en ese afán, deja a un lado el desarrollo de habilidades propias del trabajo científico escolar, generando en los estudiantes una apropiación de contenidos pragmáticos, y quitándoles la posibilidad de obtener un aprendizaje significativo de la ciencia,  hoy en día, no necesitamos estudiantes pasivos, sino por el contrario, competentes, capaces de adaptarse a esas necesidades de su contexto, capaz de dar respuesta a esos retos que cada día la sociedad les impone; y más en el campo de la ciencia donde los cambios y las transformaciones son constantes. Necesitamos estudiantes capaces de usar sus argumentos para construir sus conocimientos, y puedan comprender la ciencia como un trabajo interdisciplinario, donde convergen varios saberes (Mosquera, 2013). Es así como, el siguiente ensayo es el constructo conceptual de un trabajo de investigación interdisciplinario entre dos áreas del conocimiento, donde se articulan los aportes de Van Dijk (1979) en su disertación sobre los niveles estructurales del discurso textual (Procesos comunicativos), con el desarrollo de la argumentación científica escolar (Procesos científicos).
La Falta de Aplicación de Estrategias Didácticas en Matemáticas en Alumnos de Secundaria, y el Bajo Rendimiento Académico que Presentan
Authors: Leyva Castro Gendi del Rosario
Published: February 2024

Este estudio analiza las experiencias de estudiantes egresados de educación secundaria que inician la Educación Media Superior, con el fin de identificar la relación que existe entre La Falta de Aplicación de Estrategias Didácticas en matemáticas en los Alumnos de secundaria, y el Bajo Rendimiento Académico que estos presentan en el primer semestre de Educación Media Superior. Con respecto a la metodología el enfoque es de corte cualitativo y transversal, con referencia al diseño es explicativo y descriptivo, la muestra es de tipo probabilidad y estuvo conformada por 222 alumnos, divididos en seis grupos, tres en el turno matutino, y tres en el turno vespertino, se aplicó de manera física en dos periodos para no afectar las actividades didácticas ya planeadas durante el curso de inducción para los alumnos de nuevo ingreso. Cómo técnica para la recolección de la información se utilizó encuesta escala de Likert, la cual se sometió a una medición por el coeficiente de alfa Cronbach dando como resultado una fiabilidad de 0.728. Cómo técnica para el manejo de la información, se utilizó el programa SPSS versión 28, en cuanto a los resultados obtenidos de la investigación realizada, se logró demostrar que la hipótesis planteada resulta negativa, una vez analizados los resultados, se verificó que la relación que existe entre la Aplicación de Estrategias Didácticas en Matemáticas en los alumnos de secundaria no tienen que ver con el Bajo Rendimiento Académico que presentan los alumnos de primer semestre.
Comparison between Mineralogical Properties of Oak Forest and Un-Cultivated Soils in Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Krusk Azad , Esmail Akram , Ali Othman
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to identify the mineralogical properties of oak forest and uncultivated soils at 12 locations in the Iraqi Kurdistan region, which included (Brifca, Gara, and Matin) in Duhok governorate, (Awagrd, Bilah, and Malakan) in Erbil governorate, (Badawan, Bardanga, and Chwarta) in Sulaimani Governorate and (Bakhakon, Hawar, and Sartak) in Halabja governorate. Clay minerals were identified from X-ray diffraction data and peaks. Peak height is used as a rough indicator of the relative abundance of minerals. In general, the expansion of 14°A to 17°A in the ethylene glycol treatment was not detected because measuring started at 5? so that’s why we cannot differentiate between Chlorite and Smectite in that treatment. Swelling chlorite was the dominant mineral in these soils. While the miner clay minerals at those locations were Kaolinite. Mica was identified at all locations, while the dominant type of mica in forest soils was Muscovite, which was obtained from 6 sites, and Mica Biotite was obtained from 4 sites. In uncultivated sites, both types of mica were recorded at 5 sites.
Indicadores fiscais dos estados da federação no período 2020-2021
Authors:   Brasil. Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea). Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas Regionais Urbanas e Ambientais (Dirur)
Published: February 2024

O estudo analisa indicadores fiscais dos estados brasileiros no período de 2020 a 2021, destacando o endividamento, o serviço da dívida, o resultado primário e o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Fiscal (IVF). O endividamento estadual apresentou redução em todas as regiões, exceto no Pará e no Rio Grande do Norte, enquanto o serviço da dívida teve uma diminuição geral, com exceção de Tocantins e Goiás. O resultado primário indicou uma tendência favorável à redução do endividamento em todas as regiões. O IVF mostrou uma diminuição nas regiões Norte, Nordeste, Sudeste e Sul, com destaque para um aumento relativo nos estados do Distrito Federal, Pará e Rio Grande do Norte. Os estados com situação fiscal crítica em setembro de 2021 foram Distrito Federal, Pará e Rio Grande do Norte, conforme indicado pelo IVF.
Análise do afastamento e do trabalho remoto na região sul e no Brasil durante a pandemia para o setor público e privado
Authors: Martins Felipe dos Santos , Góes Geraldo Sandoval , Nascimento José Antônio Sena
Published: February 2024

O mercado de trabalho enfrentou impactos significativos em decorrência das medidas adotadas em resposta à crise sanitária da Covid-19, como o distanciamento social. Enquanto parte da população conseguiu realizar suas atividades remotamente, outros foram afastados ou continuaram trabalhando presencialmente. A Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) Covid-19, conduzida pelo IBGE entre maio e novembro de 2020, proporcionou insights cruciais sobre essas mudanças, permitindo acompanhar mensalmente a situação dos trabalhadores em trabalho remoto e afastados. Este estudo se propõe a examinar os fatores associados ao trabalho remoto e ao afastamento no contexto nacional e da região Sul, com análises segmentadas entre setores público e privado. Os resultados preliminares indicam uma maior incidência de trabalho remoto e afastamento no setor público, enquanto no setor privado, os trabalhadores de serviços são os mais afetados, destacando-se a influência positiva da escolaridade no trabalho remoto e seu efeito oposto no afastamento. A pesquisa está estruturada em cinco seções, incluindo esta introdução, contextualização, metodologia, dados descritivos e resultados do modelo econométrico, concluindo com os principais achados e implicações do estudo.
Distribuição da agroindústria rural pelas grandes regiões brasileiras : análise à luz dos censos agropecuários de 2006 e 2017
Authors: Bastian Lillian , Silva Sandro Pereira , Valadares Alexandre Arbex , Alves Fábio
Published: February 2024

Este texto tem como objetivo demonstrar a evolução das atividades de agroindústria rural em estabelecimentos agrícolas pertencentes tanto à agricultura familiar quanto à não familiar em todas as grandes regiões do Brasil no período de 2006 a 2017. A agroindústria rural envolve a adição de valor aos produtos agrícolas por meio do processamento, com variações entre regiões em termos de tipo de produto e quantidade produzida. O estudo utiliza dados dos dois últimos censos agropecuários conduzidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), concentrando-se em oito produtos selecionados, como aguardente de cana, doces e geleias, farinha de mandioca, fubá de milho, queijo e requeijão, entre outros. A análise inclui o número de agroindústrias, volume de produção, valor bruto da produção (VBP) e a proporção da produção vendida comercialmente. O texto está estruturado em quatro seções, correspondentes às variáveis mencionadas anteriormente, abrangendo tanto a agricultura familiar quanto a não familiar nas grandes regiões do Brasil, seguido por considerações finais.
O Impacto do crédito rural sustentável na emissão de gases do efeito estufa: evidências para sustentabilidade agropecuária brasileira
Authors: Bento José Alex do Nascimento , Vieira Filho José Eustáquio Ribeiro
Published: February 2024

O texto aborda o Sistema Nacional de Crédito Rural (SNCR), que segue as normas do Manual de Crédito Rural do Banco Central do Brasil (MCR/BCB), estabelecido em 1965 para fornecer crédito a produtores rurais visando incentivar e financiar a produção agrícola. Com cinco objetivos principais, incluindo o estímulo a investimentos, custeio, adoção de tecnologias e geração de renda na agricultura familiar, o SNCR direciona recursos para atividades como custeio, investimento e comercialização. Três linhas de crédito sustentável foram criadas para promover a conservação de recursos naturais e o crescimento agrícola de longo prazo, incluindo o Programa Moderagro, Programa ABC e Programa Inovagro. No entanto, apesar dos avanços, apenas uma pequena parte do crédito rural disponível está direcionada à sustentabilidade agropecuária. O texto destaca desafios enfrentados por agricultores familiares e conclui ressaltando a importância do crédito rural sustentável para o futuro da agropecuária brasileira, evidenciando a necessidade de compreender as disparidades regionais e promover políticas eficientes.
Unidades de conservação na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Francisco
Authors: Cerezini Monise Terra , Castro César Nunes de
Published: February 2024

O texto destaca a importância das Unidades de Conservação (UCs) no contexto do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (SNUC), especialmente na bacia hidrográfica do rio São Francisco (BHSF), que enfrenta desafios significativos em termos de quantidade e qualidade de água, além da degradação ambiental. O Programa de Revitalização da BHSF (PRSF) busca enfrentar esses desafios, incluindo a criação e manejo de UCs como uma de suas ações prioritárias. No entanto, a eficácia dessas UCs depende não apenas de sua criação, mas também da gestão adequada, incluindo financiamento e infraestrutura. O objetivo da pesquisa é avaliar a representatividade e efetividade da gestão das UCs na BHSF, analisando dados disponíveis de diversas fontes governamentais e institucionais. Segundo os dados compilados, a BHSF possui 139 UCs em seu território, abrangendo 16% da área total da bacia, com diferentes categorias de manejo voltadas para a preservação da natureza e o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais.
Fundos constitucionais de financiamento : necessidade de avaliação e os mecanismos institucionais de governança
Authors: Vasconcelos Ronaldo Ramos , Pires Murilo José de Souza , Quaglio Gislaine de Miranda , Portugal Rodrigo , Lopes Guilherme
Published: February 2024

Esta nota tem como propósito divulgar uma pesquisa em andamento na Diretoria de Estudos e Relações Econômicas e Políticas do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Dirur/Ipea) sobre os Fundos Constitucionais de Financiamento (FCFs) nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. A pesquisa teve início em resposta a uma demanda do Conselho de Monitoramento e Avaliação de Políticas Públicas (CMAP), coordenado pela Controladoria-Geral da União (CGU), em 2020, visando avaliar os impactos dos FCFs. Inicialmente focada nos efeitos dos financiamentos desses fundos na economia das macrorregiões, a pesquisa se expandiu para incluir uma análise da região Centro-Oeste, visando auxiliar na governança e na promoção do fluxo de recursos nesse território.
Quadro regional de valores contratados no Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) e Fundos Constitucionais de Financiamento (FCFs) no período 2005-2019
Authors:   Brasil. Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea). Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas Regionais Urbanas e Ambientais (Dirur)
Published: February 2024

O texto aborda o papel do financiamento público e dos bancos de desenvolvimento, como o BNDES e os FCFs, na resolução de gargalos de produção e no auxílio ao desenvolvimento econômico e social, especialmente nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Enquanto o BNDES foca em média e longa maturação para impulsionar setores diversos da economia desde sua criação em 1952, os FCFs surgiram com a Constituição de 1988, destinando recursos para o desenvolvimento regional. O texto revela um crescimento significativo nos valores contratados entre 2005-2014, seguido por uma fase de contração após 2014, especialmente evidente na redução drástica da atuação do BNDES e na maior participação dos FCFs no fornecimento de crédito durante a recessão econômica pós-2014.
O Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (SNUC) e a preservação da caatinga
Authors: Cerezini Monise Terra , Castro César Nunes de
Published: February 2024

O texto aborda a importância e os desafios enfrentados na conservação da Caatinga, o único bioma exclusivamente brasileiro, destacando sua rica biodiversidade e a ameaça da desertificação devido ao uso inadequado do solo e exploração insustentável dos recursos naturais. Apesar de esforços governamentais para proteger áreas prioritárias, como a definição de metas nacionais e regionais, a implementação efetiva de ações de conservação ainda é insuficiente. O artigo propõe investigar o estado atual da implementação e gestão de Unidades de Conservação (UCs) na Caatinga, visando compreender os limites e oportunidades dessas ações para a recuperação e conservação desse importante patrimônio nacional.
Uma Avaliação da distribuição espacial dos empréstimos dos fundos constitucionais destinados ao financiamento do Pronaf nos municípios das regiões norte, nordeste e centro-oeste
Authors: Ribeiro Márcio Bruno
Published: February 2024

Os empréstimos com recursos dos Fundos Constitucionais de Financiamento das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste (FNO, FNE e FCO) desempenham um papel fundamental na Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento Regional (PNDR), subsidiando taxas de juros para atividades produtivas nessas regiões, especialmente para micro e pequenas empresas, e contribuindo significativamente para o Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf). Dados do Banco Central do Brasil revelam que esses fundos representam uma das principais fontes de financiamento do Pronaf em suas áreas de atuação, com participações expressivas nos empréstimos totais. Este ensaio analisa a distribuição espacial desses recursos nos municípios das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste, buscando identificar relações entre os padrões de empréstimos e indicadores de emprego e produção da agricultura familiar, utilizando análise exploratória de dados espaciais e dados dos Censos Agropecuários de 2006 e 2017.
From Tinkerers to Consultants: Individual Engagement, Reunification and the Making of Germany’s Renewable Energy Sector
Authors: Milder Stephen
Published: February 2024

The article seeks to explain how and why reunified Germany saw a hundred-fold increase in its installed wind energy capacity during the 1990s. It argues that the development was largely due to private individuals’ practical work to solve local energy supply problems with wind power, and their later efforts to make renewable energy generation a worthwhile investment. The article begins by contrasting the East and West German governments’ understanding of renewables with that of individual advocates. It shows how different renewables looked from the top down than they did from the bottom up. It then shows how renewable advocates’ individual, entrepreneurial approach became accepted across the newly reunified Federal Republic of Germany in the early 1990s, meaning that the ‘wind boom’ of the 1990s went hand-in-hand with the emergence of the renewable energy sector as a business interest.

This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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Rice Against Communism: The Politicisation of Agriculture from ‘Above’ and ‘Below’
Authors: Anderl Felix
Published: February 2024

During the last decades, the politicisation of agriculture has been observed when peasant movements claimed rights to land and food sovereignty. But where did this politicisation come from? I distinguish two types of politicising agriculture: ‘from above’ and ‘from below’. While the latter has received much attention, particularly drawing on La Via Campesina, the former has so far received less spotlight. This is problematic because it relegates ‘politicisation’ to social movements and by that normalises the politicisation of agriculture, which has made their resistance necessary in the first place. I historically situate the transnational smallholder movements that have been politicising issues around food production since the 1980s, particularly in South-east Asia. They have been doing so because, in the decades preceding their activism, Western governments and international organisations politicised the issue to fight communism with the expansion of industrialised agriculture, which they exported in the ‘Green Revolution’. I trace this politicisation ‘from above’ (drawing on the US intervention in Indonesia) and the delayed political responses of peasant movements in Indonesia and beyond.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
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Insurgent Practices of Restoring the Commons: Cases from Bolivia
Authors: Bellina Agnese
Published: February 2024

This article offers a problematisation of the concept of the commons through an analysis of Indigenous ways of theoretically and practically expressing a communal way of relating to the environment. The article focuses on the political and social implications of conceptualising a pluralised idea of the commons through practices of restoration. It contends that, to go beyond singularised and romanticised definitions, the commons are better understood as a clash of different temporalities which ends up displaying plural forms of alternative communal ownership. It does so by proposing a de-romanticised notion of restoration through the analysis of two events that occurred in Bolivia between 1999 and 2010. It maintains that claims to restore harmony with Mother Earth, far from turning to a romanticised lost past, display the possibility to reconfigure traditional forms of communal ownership within the contingency of the present struggles.

This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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Library
Authors: Hari Bidyut
Published: February 2024

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
CONSUMER WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR CHAIYA ORGANIC SALTED EGG IN SMART LABEL PACKAGING: THE CASE STUDY IN SURAT THANI PROVINCE
Authors: Thongkham Kanokphorn , Meepianc Praewwanit , Sukkha Parichat , Bunmark Papichaya , Naranram Phatcharaphon , Phongpharnich Rapee
Published: February 2024

Purpose – This research studies the factors influencing willingness to pay and to evaluate the value of willingness to pay for Chaiya organic salted egg in smart label packaging among consumers in Surat Thani province.
Research methodology – The Conjoint Analysis method was used to analyse attribute factors based on literature reviews and related research. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires from a consumer group aged 15 years and up, totalling 250 individuals.
Findings – The results revealed that the attribute of the product with the greatest impact on consumer satisfaction is the certification seal for organic authenticity. This attribute would lead to an increasing price of approximately 1.35 USD per box. If Chaiya organic salted egg have modern packaging with a color bar indicating the salt level and an organic certification seal, the price level of Chaiya organic salted egg was two times higher than general Chaiya organic salted egg. Consumers were willing to pay the highest price at 7.46 USD per box.
Research limitations – Having an excessive number of attribute sets may lead to confusion for interviewees when assigning scores to each set of attributes.
Practical implications – Conjoint Analysis is a tool suitable for measuring customer satisfaction towards various product attributes and developing new products to introduce into the market.
Originality/Value – the attribute of the product with the greatest impact on consumer satisfaction is the certification seal for organic authenticity.
HPLC method for the determination of nifedipine in rat plasma: development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic drug-herb interaction study
Authors: Hasanuddin Devy N. A. , Garmana Afrillia Nuryanti , Sasongko Lucy
Published: February 2024

A simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed to determine the plasma level of nifedipine in rats after its single administration and combination with herbs. Nifedipine was extracted with acetonitrile to precipitate protein from plasma samples. The separation was implemented on a C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile: water (63:37, v/v). The calibration curve displayed good linearity in the 30–1000 ng/mL range. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 30 ng/mL. The intraday and interday assay accuracy and precision met the criteria of validation and study sample analysis. The recovery was found to be 101.89%. Stability studies showed that nifedipine was stable after 12 h at room temperature and 21 days at -20 °C. No significant difference was examined between the pharmacokinetic parameters of nifedipine with or without Gynura procumbens leaf extract. The proposed method was helpful for the pharmacokinetic interaction study of nifedipine combined with herbal in rats.
Open Information and Exceptions Policy of the Natural History Museum, London
Authors: Woodburn Matt , Livermore Laurence , Chapman Esme , Benny Ruth , Chillingworth Nancy , Parry Polly , Scott Ben , Smith Vincent , Hardy Helen
Published: February 2024

There have been few, if any, open data and information management policies openly published from natural science collections. This paper contextualises the rationale for publishing the Open Information and Exceptions Policy of the Natural History Museum, London and provides the policy itself. The policy outlines how the Natural History Museum puts the principle of 'open by default' into practice; and includes sections on purpose and scope, relationship to relevant legislation (which always takes precedence over the policy), the categories of possible exceptions to open information release, what happens when exceptions are declared, relations to UK government information security classifications and definition of terms.
Simulation-based probabilistic-harmonic load flow for the study of DERs integration in a low-voltage distribution network
Authors: Cadena-Zarate Cristian , Caballero-Peña Juan , Osma-Pinto German
Published: February 2024

The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and, therefore, power electronic devices into distribution networks leads to harmonic distortion injection. However, studying harmonic distortion solely through deterministic approaches presents challenges due to the inherent random behavior of DERs. This study introduced a strategy that leverages PowerFactory's harmonic load flow tool. By combining it with Python co-simulation, probabilistic load flows can be developed. These load flows utilize current sources to represent harmonic distortion emitters with predefined harmonic spectra. The proposed strategy was implemented on a real network, where two different capacities of DERs were integrated at various locations within the network. The distributions for the total harmonic distortion of voltage ($ THD_{v} $) and the total harmonic distortion of current ($ THD_{i} $) were obtained 24 hours a day in nodes and lines of the network. The procedure allowed considering the uncertainty associated to the DERs integration in distribution networks in the study of harmonic distortion, which, speaking from a simulation approach, is scarce in the literature.
Estimation for stochastic differential equation mixed models using approximation methods
Authors: Jamba Nelson T. , Jacinto Gonçalo , Filipe Patrícia A. , Braumann Carlos A.
Published: February 2024

We used a class of stochastic differential equations (SDE) to model the evolution of cattle weight that, by an appropriate transformation of the weight, resulted in a variant of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model. In previous works, we have dealt with estimation, prediction, and optimization issues for this class of models. However, to incorporate individual characteristics of the animals, the average transformed size at maturity parameter $ \alpha $ and/or the growth parameter $ \beta $ may vary randomly from animal to animal, which results in SDE mixed models. Obtaining a closed-form expression for the likelihood function to apply the maximum likelihood estimation method is a difficult, sometimes impossible, task. We compared the known Laplace approximation method with the delta method to approximate the integrals involved in the likelihood function. These approaches were adapted to allow the estimation of the parameters even when the requirement of most existing methods, namely having the same age vector of observations for all trajectories, fails, as it did in our real data example. Simulation studies were also performed to assess the performance of these approximation methods. The results show that the approximation methods under study are a very good alternative for the estimation of SDE mixed models.
MFFLR-DDoS: An encrypted LR-DDoS attack detection method based on multi-granularity feature fusions in SDN
Authors: Wang Jin , Wang Liping , Wang Ruiqing
Published: February 2024

Low rate distributed denial of service attack (LR-DDoS) is a special type of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack, which uses the vulnerability of HTTP protocol to send HTTP requests to applications or servers at a slow speed, resulting in long-term occupation of server threads and affecting the normal access of legitimate users. Since LR-DDoS attacks do not need to send flooding or a large number of HTTP requests, it is difficult for traditional intrusion detection methods to detect such attacks, especially when HTTP traffic is encrypted. To overcome the above problems, we proposed an encrypted LR-DDoS attack detection and mitigation method based on the multi-granularity feature fusion (MFFLR-DDoS) for software defined networking (SDN). This method analyzes the encrypted session flow from the time sequence of packets and the spatiality of session flow and uses different deep learning methods to extract features, to obtain more effective features for abnormal traffic detection. In addition, we used the advantages of SDN architecture to perform real-time defense against LR-DDoS attacks by the way of SDN controller issuing flow rules. The experimental results showed that the MFFLR-DDoS model had a higher detection rate than advanced methods, and could mitigate LR-DDoS attack traffic online and in real-time.
Modelling contagious viral dynamics: a kinetic approach based on mutual utility
Authors: Bertaglia Giulia , Pareschi Lorenzo , Toscani Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

The temporal evolution of a contagious viral disease is modelled as the dynamic progression of different classes of population with individuals interacting pairwise. This interaction follows a binary mechanism typical of kinetic theory, wherein agents aim to improve their condition with respect to a mutual utility target. To this end, we introduce kinetic equations of Boltzmann-type to describe the time evolution of the probability distributions of the multi-agent system. The interactions between agents are defined using principles from price theory, specifically employing Cobb-Douglas utility functions for binary exchange and the Edgeworth box to depict the common exchange area where utility increases for both agents. Several numerical experiments presented in the paper highlight the significance of this mechanism in driving the phenomenon toward endemicity.
Gamification of Medical Education Using Blender Software
Authors: Rajamani Santhosh Kumar , Iyer Radha Srinivasan
Published: February 2024

Blender is a powerful 3D creation software that can be used in various industries. However, it can also be used as a teaching tool through gamification. Gamification is the process of applying game design principles and mechanics to non-game contexts to make them more engaging and interactive. In teaching, gamification aims to make learning fun, motivating, and rewarding. Blender has features that can be used to create interactive games, simulations, and animations that can be used to teach various subjects. For example, in a science class, students can use Blender to create 3D models of cells, organs, and organisms, and then use game-like interactions to learn about their structure and functions. In a history class, students can use Blender to create historical scenes and characters, and then use animations and game-like interactions to learn about different periods and events. In addition, Blender's free and open-source nature makes it accessible to students and teachers around the world, making it a powerful tool for education.
Use of AI Applications for the Drone Industry
Authors: Shah Imdad Ali , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Ujjan Raja Majid Ali
Published: February 2024

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) industry, commonly referred to as the drone industry, has grown rapidly in recent years and changed many industries' operational procedures. Drones are adaptable AUs that have the ability to operate independently or remotely. The drone business has developed into a vibrant, diverse sector with applications in many other industries. Drone technology is set to grow and become more integrated into daily life and corporate operations as long as regulations keep up with technological advancements. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are increasingly used in various industries, notably drone companies. AI can improve drone technology's effectiveness, dependability, and efficiency, creating new opportunities for the drone industry to service multiple applications and sectors.