bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Freezing and Thawing of Wet Soil from the Surface and Around the Underground Pipeline
Authors: Aksenov B G , Fomina V V , Bogunova A A
Published: March 2020

This paper reveals a method for an approximate solution to the heat exchange problem with a phase transition in a wet finely dispersed soil in an infinite one-dimensional axisymmetric region. Some artificial techniques help to replace non-monotonic functions with a certain combination of monotonic ones. Then it becomes possible to apply comparison theorems or integral inequalities to draw the boundaries of the solution. The solution has the form of a system of functions that alternately find a majorant of the desired solution from top to bottom. The solution error is the value known and controlled at each stage of the solution. The proposed method can be used in engineering calculations, as well as a reference for estimating the accuracy of numerical and approximation techniques.
Study of the Urban Environment of Kirovski District in Ekaterinburg
Authors: Polyantseva E R
Published: March 2020

This article is concerned with the safety and comfort of living in the urban environment in the Pionerski Posyolok, which is part of the Kirovski district in the city of Ekaterinburg. It focuses on the formation of pedestrian and automobile traffic, describes the urban forms and their impact on criminality, i.e. on the potential number of street crimes. Crimes provoked by the street urban environment, its state of disorder, lack of lighting, and lack of supervision on the part of residents are taken into account. The author studies positive and negative qualities of the streets in this area and separate buildings, patterns of movement, and communication between neighbouring districts. The article highlights the negative factors influencing the perception of the district as safe and comfortable for living. Recommendations are given on possible ways of reorganization of its internal structure, division of pedestrian streams and improvement of residential courtyards.
Modeling on Vibration of Sandwich Plate Possessing a Compressible Core and Interacting with Viscous Fluid
Authors: Mogilevich L I , Popov V S , Christoforova A V
Published: March 2020

The paper proposed a mathematical model for analyzing the dynamic response of a three-layered channel wall with a compressible core. The narrow channel formed by two parallel walls is considered. The bottom channel wall was a simply supported three-layered plate. The upper channel wall was considered to be absolutely rigid. The channel was filled with a viscous incompressible liquid with pulsating pressure due to a given harmonic law of pressure pulsation at the channel edges. Longitudinal and transverse vibrations of the three-layered channel wall were studied. The dynamic response of the three-layered channel wall was determined on the basis of hydroelastic oscillations problem solution. The frequency-dependent distribution functions of longitudinal and transverse elastic displacements amplitudes of the three-layered channel wall were constructed. These functions make it possible to obtain amplitude-frequency characteristics of the three-layered channel wall in fixed channel cross-sections. The study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects № 18-01-00127-a and № 19-01-00014-a).
The Recessed Buildings as a Perspective Direction of ‘Green’ Architecture
Authors: Ilvitskaya S V , Alexeev Y V , Anufriev A A
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the actual problem of preserving and improving the favorable environmental conditions in the urban environment, due to the introduction of the recessed buildings and structures in the architectural-urban planning and construction activity using ‘green’ architecture technologies. Such objects will reduce the load on the ecosystem, energy, improve the quality of the visual environment of the city, and maintain the existing natural landscape along with the flora and fauna while increasing the area of green spaces in urban or rural areas. The characteristic features of the recessed buildings, their advantages and limitations are given. Determined techniques of architectural-figurative solutions of recessed buildings. The principle of harmonious synthesis of ‘green’ technologies and modern achievements in the architecture of the recessed buildings is proposed. Possible solutions to global environmental problems are proposed due to the capabilities of the underlying architecture.
Determination of the Bearing Capacity of Piles Using the Cone Penetration Test
Authors: Yabbarova E N , Latypov A I , Korolev E A
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of discrepancy between the data of bearing capacity of piles, determined by the data of cone penetration tests (CPT) and static tests. An example of this discrepancy is shown for one of the construction sites of the Kazan city. The reason of discrepancy for the investigated area is revealed and the method of solving the problem by creating a new correlation table for alluvial Sands, which are often the basis of piles in the city of Kazan, is proposed.
Increase an Efficiency of Boilers with Liquid Removal of Slag at Combustion with the Donetsk Anthracites, Including for Recycling Units
Authors: Veselovskaya E , Altynova M , Bezuglov R , Denisova I
Published: March 2020

There are questions of increase in fusibility of slag in coppers with liquid removal of slag by additives on the basis of alkaline-earth metals are considered in the article. The optimum modes of additives dispensing by their giving in a zone of burning and a supply line of crude coal are under production conditions defined. Optimum doses of additives when burning the Donetsk anthracite are revealed. Methods of IR spectrums and the X-ray phase analysis investigated changes in structure of the studied slag samples at various modes of additives dispensing. The described methods can be also applied to units for recycling.
Roofing Arrangement with Facing Roll Materials
Authors: Sinenko S , Zhadanovskiy B , Pakhomova L
Published: March 2020

In the article it is recommended to utilize simple means of mechanization as well as to execute some operations manually, bearing in mind that for roofing arrangement one engages small enterprises participating in construction of low-rise buildings, their current and capital repairs on operated industrial and civil objects. Structure of technological operations: base and slopes flatness control from watersheds to drain funnels; surface defects elimination; contaminants removal. Herewith, it is recommended to use domestic and foreign tools and implements: hammer; boaster; chisel; steel brush; watering can; mortar blade; mortar supplying bucket; water and mortar dip-buckets; three-meter control rail; level; folding meter or tape measure; safety glasses. In the article, as a result, it is ascertained the rational methods of soft roofing arrangement (based on labor intensity measurements in labs) and gained optimal organizational and technological solutions allowing to carry out processes taking into account work safety for workers.
Dustiness and Aerodynamics of Air in Central Asian Cities
Authors: Shukurov I , Alireza Majorzadehzahiri
Published: March 2020

One of the adverse meteorological factors for the cities of Central Asia are dust storms and haze. The average annual number of days with haze in the cities of Central Asia reaches from 10 to 20 days. Among them, the “Afghan” wind stands out. ( garmessel - fiery, hot, dry wind ), suddenly begins dusty storm in the deserts Afghanistan. It causes significant damage to the health of the population and the economies of Central Asian countries. The article describes the characteristics of the origin of dust and the process of dust transfer of wind. Research has shown that the process of transporting natural dust begins with the movement of particles with a diameter of 100–500 microns. The main types of occurrence and distribution of dust in cities are identified. The main results of field observations on measuring the content of fine dust were carried out in the atmospheric air of the urban environment. The paper also applied computer simulation technologies that can significantly simplify the analysis of dust and wind conditions. The analysis of urban greening is presented. The practical implementation of the proposed methods creates a real opportunity to improve the quality indicators of the atmospheric air of cities with a complex landscape location in the summer, which will directly affect the improvement of people’s health.
Ensuring the Stability of Geocomposite Systems While Protecting Against Erosion of Slopes of Soil Structures
Authors: Slepnev P A
Published: March 2020

The problem of erosion processes constantly arises during the development of coastal territories. Previously considered uncomfortable territories are now subject to development. The investment attractiveness of such territories is very high, therefore, it is necessary to carry out engineering preparation measures, including to protect it from erosion processes. As studies show, the most environmentally friendly structures for the prevention of erosion processes are geocomposition systems based on anti-erosion geosynthetics. But before applying any measures to stabilize erosion processes, it is necessary to understand the process of interaction of applied methods with protected surfaces. The article considers the division of coastal slopes into three zones: not flooded, partially flooded and constantly flooded. Accordingly, this separation was carried out in order to determine the possible effects on the design of geocomposition systems. Each impact (hydraulic, snow, ice) is described using mathematical modeling, indicating methods for calculating the stability of the geocomposition system for the zones defined in the study. It is established that the strength of a geocomposite system also affects its stability, therefore, the concept of tensile strength is introduced into the formulas for determining the overall stability of a geocomposite system. The materials presented are important in practical application. This is due to a reduction in material and labor costs for the implementation of erosion protection measures when applying the results of this study. Further studies are aimed at optimizing the design of anti-erosion protection based on geocomposition systems in order to organize their in-line production and the creation of typical industrial designs.
Design and Construction of a Low-Rise Residential Building on a Landslide Slope
Authors: Kukina O B , Zolotukhin S N , Byndyukova E A
Published: March 2020

The implementation of national projects such as “Housing and Urban Environment” creates difficulties in the implementation of the national project “Ecology”, since the massive demolition of dilapidated and damaged housing leads to solid household waste. In the context of the ever-increasing intensity of urban development and the growing land shortage, the problem of designing and constructing low-rise residential buildings on unsuitable territories in engineering and construction, especially, on steep slopes, is of particular relevance. The article is devoted to the experience of designing and constructing a residential building on a landslide slope according to an innovative technology that involves the reuse of reinforced concrete structures and building materials obtained during the demolition of buildings. A special feature of the construction is the use of small-sized construction equipment when excavating and installing prefabricated structures, including reusable building materials, products and structures, which made it possible to drastically reduce both the labor intensity and the cost of construction and installation works. The article provides examples of non-typical use of reinforced concrete slabs, floors, as the design of prefabricated monolithic foundations. The novelty of the applied solutions is confirmed by the patents of the Russian Federation.
Use of Modern Means and Methods in the Organization and Management in Construction
Authors: Sinenko S A , Doroshin I N
Published: March 2020

In the work below there are considered the instruments of automatized decision of different tasks in organization and management of construction. The main trends of digital economics in Russian Federation in 2018 are indicated. There are considered: cybersecurity; transborder cooperation; creation of common platforms; digitalization of state services; B2B-marketplaces; digitalization; blockchain technology; smart-contracts; ICO; Big data.
Non-Competitive Procurement of Resources in Industrial and Civil Construction
Authors: Peshkov V V , Doroshenko T G , Sukhanova I A
Published: March 2020

by Order No. 949 of the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation of 07.11.2018, a Standard regulation on the purchase of goods, works and services for the needs of Federal state Autonomous institutions, Federal state budgetary institutions, Federal state unitary enterprises subordinated to the Ministry of science and higher education of the Russian Federation was approved. This provision of the Ministry of education and science is very voluminous and sometimes duplicates the provisions of the Federal law of 18.07.2011 № 223-FL “On procurement of goods, works and services by certain types of legal entities”, so in the article we have focused only on certain specific issues not covered by this law. In connection with the introduction of the Model provision, customers need not only to update their “old” provisions, but also, as a result, to make changes to other local and administrative acts regulating procurement activities. For customers in respect of which Order No. 949 is optional, it may be recommended to study the Model provision of the Ministry of education and science and to include its separate provisions in its procurement regulation.
Information Technologies of Administrative Synthesis in Building Industry as the Factor of Boosting Labor Efficiency
Authors: Zelentsov L , Krukov K , Pirko D , Shogenov M
Published: March 2020

In the article the authors study the need to study the impact of information technology on the effectiveness of management and construction organizations. The article proposes a new algorithm for the introduction of information technology management in construction, which will provide changes in the content, quality, nature, conditions of managerial work. Today, more and more importance is attached to the information sector of the economy, because the dominant position in the activities of modern organizations occupy the processes of exchange, processing and storage of information. Successful management of the economy at the organizational, regional and Federal levels is directly dependent on the effectiveness of the use of modern information technologies in management work. The use of the Internet, computer programs, information technologies radically changes the organization and technique of administrative work in construction. They allow to receive information and make decisions quickly, force to reconsider traditional views on a role and the mechanism of relationship of the organizations, open opportunities for participation of the organizations in the national and world financial markets and investment projects in constructio.
Features and Causes of Segregation of Large Cities
Authors: Garnaga A F , Nekliudov S F
Published: March 2020

The research is devoted to the phenomenon of city segregation which is promoted the steady trend of an urbanization supported by the government and public organizations, increase in number of immigrants, increase of differentiation of income of citizens. Subject to segregation of the city with a population of over 250 thousand people, they are of interest in the current work. Resettlement of people in city space and, therefore, formation of its borders and architectural appearance we occur for the reasons of mainly economic or national character. At the same time the national aspect is often connected with economic features. City a segregation also differs on formation time for steady and temporary, the architectural and spatial structure of those directly depends on a view of the settlement.
Calculation of a Complex Indicator of the Innovation Potential
Authors: Sazonova A S , Kuzmenko A A , Terekhov M V
Published: March 2020

This article describes a possible approach to the analysis of a complex indicator of the innovation potential of a region. The definition of the concept is given, the components included in its structure are singled out, the model of a complex indicator of the innovation potential of a region is offered. The calculation of a complex indicator of the innovation potential on the basis of the proposed methodology is made and the conclusions on the obtained result are formulated. The article also offers a method of analysis of integrated indicators – the components of the regional innovation potential on the basis of the used technique. The summary table of the normalized values of the integrated indicators - components of the innovation potential of the regions of the Central Federal district and their estimated values on the basis of which it is possible to draw conclusions about the level of the regional innovation development is presented. The approach used is acceptable for assessing the innovation potential of various organizational systems, for ranking regions relative to each other and for making recommendations to improve the level of the innovation development of regions.
Experience of Development and Implementation of a House Project by an Architect
Authors: Zolotukhin S N , Byndyukova E A , Chigarev A G
Published: March 2020

This paper proposes to build individual, economical residential buildings in the suburban and rural areas, in the structure of which new materials are combined with reusable ones. Some practical recommendations on their design and construction are given. It is shown, that the correct choice of space-planning solution and the re-use of building materials in housing construction leads to money saving. The new housing should be not only cheap but also rational in the broad sense of the word. Different professionals should take part in the process of rational construction: architects, designers, economists, consultants in infrastructure and communications. The role of architects is indicated when the consumer chooses the future planning of the house. The architect, together with scientists and engineers, takes into account the possibility of building structures from existing used materials. Experts in the field of building structures evaluate the possibility of building the foundation and supporting structure of a future house from existing used materials obtained after demolition. The experience of other countries shows the possibility of transforming buildings using only the building materials already existing in them without using new ones. Foreign scientists are working on the concept of developing reusable construction materials, products and structures, their certification. As evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the author gives an estimate of the construction of a house with an attic and a comparison of its total actual cost with the market average in the Voronezh region.
Calculation of the Payback Period for Energy-Efficient Building Envelope
Authors: Khasikov S
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper is to compare energy consumption of residential house with typical wooden frame structure and energy-efficient double framing structure of the external wall and to calculate difference of construction cost with application of both technologies. Research method is based on simulation process in eQUEST software that provides detailed reports on all aspects of building energy-efficiency and allows to determine amount of consumed energy. With help of simulation results produced by eQUEST it is possible to calculate payback period for energy-efficient building envelope based on market prices of construction process.
Energy Efficient Architecture for “High Latitudes”
Authors: Khasikov S
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper is to get acquainted readers with rich experience of Russian architects in the field of designing residential buildings in extremely cold areas. To approve effectiveness of proposed solution we compared energy consumption of residential houses with two different shapes of shell – typical building and innovative energy-efficient building designed especially for the Russian North. Research method is based on simulation process in eQUEST software that provided detailed reports on all aspects of building energy-efficiency and allowed to determine amount of consumed energy.
Composing the Reactive Silencer for Engineering Networks
Authors: Plitsyna O V , Rogova T N
Published: March 2020

The substantiation of using reactive silencers in flues and air ducts with two-phase flows is given. It is noted that a silencer on main duct is the multimode system, which ability to even noise reduction in wide frequency range is not enough fully investigated. Reactive silencer’s scheme as a duct separated by bent partitions into range series of reflecting elements that are single-mode in one direction and multimode in the other direction is presented. It is indicated that the implementation options of the proposed scheme were calculated by methods of electroacoustic analogy and were tested on a model stand with flows. The conditions achieving even noise reduction in wide range of frequencies with acceptable aerodynamic resistance were determined: expansion degree in silencer extreme series is 2.5, expansion degree in remaining series is 4; indicator of change lengths for pairwise equal narrowing and extension sections is 2−0.6. The scheme containing expansion chambers, resonator chambers, sections with oppositely oriented partitions was clarified on the device effectiveness in various engineering networks. Obtained results show that for reactive silencers with bent partitions scheme parameters ensuring the required throughout the normalized frequency range with acceptable aerodynamic resistance have been established
Heritage Protection Regulations in Germany and their Relations to Fire Safety Demands
Authors: Quapp U , Holschemacher K
Published: March 2020

Historical constructions are an important value of the world’s cultural heritage. Nearly each day, newspapers inform about fire damages in protected buildings. One reason is that historical constructions often are very fire sensible due to ancient building methods and easily flammable building materials. Therefore, fire safety regulations contribute in an essential way to the countries’ heritage protection. Furthermore, they avoid personal injury, property loss and environmental damage. Heritage protection law tries to preserve historic buildings but, in Germany, it often collides with various safety requirements, such as on load-bearing capacity and fire safety. The paper analyzes recent German heritage protection regulations for preservation and reconstruction of historical buildings and shows the difficulties to balance the interests of heritage protection on the one side and safety aspects on the other side. The authors explain various concepts of fire safety in historical constructions as well as current German legal and technical fire protection regulations for historical buildings. On the example of fire safety demands, the authors show the difficult relationship between heritage protection and safety requirements. They conclude that safety regulations and historical structure protection should not be antagonists but rather collaborate in the interest of preservation of cultural heritage.
Discrete-rough Heat Exchange Surfaces
Authors: Gaus D E , Savicheva Yu N
Published: March 2020

The article provides an overview of one of the methods of intensifying the convective heat transfer on discrete rough surfaces
Aspects of the System Approach to Inventory Management
Authors: Kazaryan R R , Andreeva P I
Published: March 2020

Transport construction, including road construction, consumes a huge amount of materials, including new materials of a wide range: stone materials, sand and sand-gravel mixtures, mineral and organic binders, metal, etc. In the direct costs (cost of materials, operation of machines, wages of road workers), the share of the cost of materials reaches 60%. Often, the region in which the road is being built does not have its own standard materials, and these materials have to be delivered from other regions. For example, many regions of the Central region of Russia are forced to import crushed stone of hard rock from Karelia and the Leningrad region, and bitumen - from the Volga region. For the Moscow region, the shortage of building sand is more acutely felt in recent years, and this is only one side of the problem of material support of construction.
Energy Efficient Major Overhaul in Residential Buildings of the First Mass Series
Authors: Korniyenko S V , Astafurova T N , Kozlova O P
Published: March 2020

The article shows the need for energy-efficient major overhaul in apartment buildings of the first mass series. Calculated thermo-technical indices of enclosing structures in reconstructed buildings of typical series 1-447c-37 in Volgograd are determined. The required thickness of fencing structures’ insulation should be calculated for each region of energy-efficient construction. Calculated results confirm principal possibility of achieving high requirements for thermal protection and energy saving in Russia’ cold climate. The highest energy performance can be achieved only with the insulation of the entire building envelope and implementation of highly efficient engineering systems with automatic control, which reduces the cost of thermal energy for heating and ventilation by 70%.
On the Influence of the Characteristic Frequency and Broadband of Seismic Effects on the Vertical Rod Oscillations
Authors: Kulterbaev Kh P , Shogenova M M , Baragunova L A
Published: March 2020

The problems of longitudinal oscillations of high vertical rods with orientation to the application of results in the problems of seismic calculations are considered. Mathematical models of free, forced harmonic and forced random oscillations caused by kinematic disturbances of the lower end are obtained. Application of methods of separation of variables and finite differences in combination with visualization of calculations in Matlab environment gave own values and own functions, and then amplitudes and mean square deviations of oscillations. It is shown how the preliminary consideration of harmonic oscillations significantly simplified the solution of the stochastic problem. Influence of characteristic frequency and broadband parameter of input random process on the form and standard deviation of longitudinal oscillations is studied.
Numerical Study of the Influence of the Distance between Stiffeners on the Loss of Stability of the Web of an I-Section Steel Beam
Authors: Kuznetsov D N , Ponyavina N A
Published: March 2020

When designing welded I-elements, it is necessary to ensure the reliability of positional web resistance and system stability. The arrangement of transverse stiffeners allows you to break the web into separate compartments. The distance between stiffeners is assigned by the engineer. It is important to assign the distance between transverse stiffeners satisfying the requirement of positional web stability without increasing the web thickness. The article studies the effect of the distance between stiffeners on positional stability. Four test models of steel I-beams with a span of 15 m, with different distances (steps) of double-sided transverse stiffeners are considered. The web of the four models is divided by transverse stiffening ribs into 9, 11, 13, and 15 compartments, respectively. The calculations were performed numerically using SCAD Office software package. For modeling beams, a rectangular shell finite element, type No. 41 is assigned. The left supports of beams are hinged and fixed, right hinged and mobile. The load is collected for floor beams with a step of 6 m and is applied to the upper girdle, as evenly distributed along the axis of the web. From the plane of the beams, in the level of the upper girdle of the welded I-beam, the constraint linear displacements are assigned. The first forms of loss of positional web stability for four models are graphically shown and described. The reliability coefficients for stability for the first three forms of each model are obtained. Conclusions on the effect of the distance between double-sided transverse stiffeners on the positional resistance of the steel I-beam web are given.
Proposals to the Formation of a Complex Model to Renovation, Reconstruction and Modernization of the Vladivostok Fortress for Cultural and Recreational Aims
Authors: Tlusty R E , Petukhov V V , Fedorovskaya N A
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the capabilities of the Vladivostok fortress as a center for recreation and tourism of residents and guests. The proposals on the formation of a comprehensive model of renovation, reconstruction and modernization of the Fortress for cultural and recreational purposes are considered. In the forts, it is planned to create leisure and entertainment, sports and recreational, recreational and rehabilitation, scientific and educational, and museum and memorial institutions. A prerequisite is the creation of urban recreational squares and parks around the forts. Three levels of structural reorganization of the Vladivostok fortress are revealed. The first is the reorganization of the fortifications of 1899, the second is the reconstruction, renovation and reorganization of the fortress structures of 1910-1914, the third level is the renovation of the Vladivostok Fortress on Russky Island. It was established that the creation of a multifunctional cultural and recreational belt around the city on the basis of the Vladivostok fortress will allow: firstly, to increase the necessary recreational territory for it, that will solve the problem of sightseeing tourism and short-term recreation for residents and guests of the city; secondly, it will protect the fortifications of the fortress as a historical monument.
Research of Gas-Superdisperced Water Compositions for New Installations of Volume Fire Extinguishing
Authors: Kazakov A , Smirnov N , Gladilin A
Published: March 2020

There are presented data concerning new domestic and foreign installations of volume fire extinguishing by means of gas-superdispersed water compositions (GWC). The model of diffusion flame extinguishment with GWC is developed. There are carried out experimental studies of gas impact in GWC on the dispersion of droplets as well as on the effectiveness of fire extinguishing of solid materials and flammable liquids. The advantages and disadvantages of the GWC use are shown. It is revealed that the greatest effect of the use of GWC volumetric method is achieved at the extinguishing the smoldering materials.
The Development of a Manufacturing Flow Model of Garments by Graphs Transformation
Authors: Rakhmatullin A M , Budeeva O N
Published: March 2020

Expanding the functionality of Computer-Aided Process Planning systems (CAPP systems) at garment enterprises is an actual problem. In these systems the manufacturing flows are modeled using a tabular form to represent information about the manufacture of the product. However, the table in which records are interleaved sequentially does not represent the positions of the elements of the technological process and their interrelations. The aim of this article is to improve the quality of design solutions obtained by modeling the manufacturing flow of garments using CAPP systems. The study of this problem is based on the use of concepts and models of graph theory. The development of a manufacturing flow model of garments is represented iterative transformation of graphs. The graph of the flow of garments manufacturing model receive from the initial tree of the technological process by the operations of elementary contraction. The ways of arrangement are revealed depending on the positions and interrelations of the vertices on the graph: trivial, consecutive and adjacent, consecutive and non-adjacent, parallel ways. Technological operations are completed in the manufacturing operation by the specified ways of arrangement. Modeling of the flow is accompanied by the transformation of the adjacency matrixes defining the graphs. The structure of each manufacturing operation from the flow scheme is represented by a subgraph received by operations of the vertices removal from the initial tree of technological process. The requirement to completing the production operations of the manufacturing flow is formulated: the number of connected components of the subgraph of the production operation should be minimized. The contents of this article may be useful for the development of specialized software applications for solving problems of modeling manufacturing flow of garments.
Problems and Perspective of Vertical Gardening in the Vladivostok Design
Authors: Chernova A V , Fedorovskaya N A , Petukhov V V
Published: March 2020

The article considers the phenomenon of vertical gardening. The authors analyses the problems, potential and possibilities of using this type of gardening in the Vladivostok, that has a harsh climate. The vertical gardening in urban environments and in the interiors of private and public spaces are consided. It has been established that the main problems of vertical gardening in Vladivostok are: a difficult climate, designers must adapt the existing methods in the world to local climatic conditions; the using of non-acclimatized plants; expensive local planting material; lack of interest in the problem of improving the city’s government structures. For the Vladivostok, the development of certain types of vertical gardening is promising: the use of local, endemic flora (lianes, ivy, ferns, mosses, etc.); the using of vertical gardening elements for the creation of topiary; the decorating of building facades and retaining walls with annual plants; the using of vertical gardening in interiors. It has been established that for the development of this direction, comprehensive studies of biologists, theoretical designers and practical designers are needed, that will be aimed at developing a general concept of landscaping and improvement in the Vladivostok.
Economic Justification of the Efficiency of the Optimal Warming of the Joint of Walls with the Basement Floor of Frame and Monolithic Buildings with the Aired Undergrounds in the North
Authors: Danilov N , Fedotov P , Tretyakov E , Slobodchikov E , Gerasimova V
Published: March 2020

An economic analysis was carried out using a program for calculating three-dimensional temperature fields of a fragment of a corner joint of walls with a basement of a building with aired undergrounds for various options. The temperature fields of the nodes are determined. Calculations showed that the use of a heat-efficient beam on supports leads to the temperature increase on an internal surface. A comparative estimate was also carried out to identify the cost-effectiveness of the options.
Comparison of Reconstruction Options for Water Supply Network of Small Village
Authors: Aleksandrova N N , Shkileva A A , Popov V V
Published: March 2020

The article is aimed at comparative analysis of options for reconstructing water supply network of small village. To this end, two methods of replacing the pipeline are considered - horizontal directional drilling technology and open method. To achieve the task for each of the options, the scope of work on laying polyethylene pipes was determined, estimated cost of work was calculated, schedule for reconstruction of water supply networks was developed, plans and schedules for funds inflow for reconstruction of water supply network were presented.
Landscape and Climate Specifics for Water Sensitive Urban Design in Vladivostok
Authors: Kazantsev P , Marus Y , Smelovskaya A
Published: March 2020

The article concerns with the conditions and special aspects of urbanized areas’ natural hydrological cycle recovery in monsoon climate and hummocky topography conditions of Southern Primorye through the example of Vladivostok. Natural infrastructure and catchment area original state and anthropogenic transformation in urbanization process of Murav’ev-Amursky peninsula Southern part is analyzed. Through the natural landscapes estimation three types of catchment areas due to seasonal changing of their contribution to river system water content were defined. Their correlating with the transport infrastructure and industrial areas locations made it possible to find out problematic areas and water system restoration reserves.
Energy-saving Technologies for Construction in Extreme Climatic Conditions
Authors: Nuriev A F , Evstigneeva Yu V , Ibragimov R A
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study is to identify the main features and correlation of the organization of construction building site in extreme climatic conditions by modeling organizational and technological solutions applied energy-saving technologies. A model of a mobile wind, electric, diesel station consisting of separate blocks: solar panels, wind turbines and a diesel power plant is developed. Recommendations on energy saving, which will increase energy efficiency during the construction of buildings and structures in extreme climatic conditions are proposed. The importance of the results for the construction industry is the possibility of improving the quality of construction of buildings and structures in extreme climatic conditions with reducing work force, material-technical and fuel-energy resources and adverse environmental impacts.
Improving the Operational Reliability of Reinforced Concrete Culverts on Highways
Authors: Kamenchukov A V , Svetenok V S
Published: March 2020

The article considers the issues of assessing and improving the quality and reliability of culverts and the road drainage system on unpaved roads and roads with transition pavement. The reliability of culverts and pavement above the culverts was evaluated taking into account the thickness of the embankment above the road structure. The issues of the influence of the quality of culverts on the condition of the pavement are examined in detail. The relationship between the defects in culverts and the quality of the pavement is established.
Industrialization of Interior Finishing Works in High-Rise Construction
Authors: Avetisyan R T
Published: March 2020

In the article below the research of process methods named at preparing living residences for painting has been carried out. The methodology taken to analyze various types of finishing works in question has been set out. The general analysis is shown here in identifying the effectiveness of industrial methods in plasteral works while dealing with mass high-rise construction.
Features Functional Planning Organization and Composition of the Coastal Territories of the Central Part of Novokuznetsk
Authors: Blaginyh E A , Ershova D V , Matehina O V
Published: March 2020

A review of the current state of world practice in urban coastal development showed increasing interest in coastal zones as cities grew. Coastal areas are considered as contact areas of cultural (urbanized) and natural landscapes. The study identified the main urban planning problems related to the development of coastal territories, outlined the directions of effective use of the coastal zone of the center of the Siberian city of Novokuznetska. The article analyzes the evolutionary development of the planning structure of the city of Novokuznetska, noting the stages of its historical formation over two centuries. The requirements for the comfort of the city and the prospects for its further planning changed over time, and as a result, there was a need for urban planning reconstruction with appropriate changes to the earlier completed and approved draft master plans.
Structures of Berthing Facilities Recommended for Erection in Severe Climatic Conditions of the Arctic (Review)
Authors: Yakimenko M A
Published: March 2020

The article gives an overview of the constructions of berthing facilities recommended for erection in severe climatic conditions. The main conditions for the application of each type of structure are singled out. Features of operating conditions of structures on the Arctic shelf are analyzed. Recommendations are given for choosing the optimal type of structures when there are weak soils at the base of the construction site, as well as under ice and seismic influences. The berthing facilities constructed in severe climatic conditions, both in Russia and abroad, are analyzed. The expediency of using shells of large diameter, which are thin metal or reinforced concrete casings (usually cylindrical shells), whose cavities are filled with coarse ground, have been substantiated in the harsh climatic conditions of the Arctic. The main advantages of this type of structures are described, and a number of problems are emphasized that are primarily related to the interaction of the shell and the filler material. The difficulties in organizing the transfer of the load from the shell structure to the ground base are singled out.
Transformation of the City Environment: Functional-Planning and Territorial Aspects
Authors: Zakirova Yu A , Khusnutdinova S R , Faizrakhmanova G R
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the functional planning and territorial aspects of the transformation of the city environment in Russian cities at the current stage of socio-economic development. Creating a comfortable city environment has been declared a strategic objective in Russia at the federal level since 2016. New standards of comfort affect the competitiveness of cities in the struggle for human capital and investment. The implementation of qualitative transformations of the city environment at the local level requires an understanding of the local urban context and the general directions of the territorial development of cities. The study is devoted to identifying the main directions of transformation of the city environment. Three main directions of transformation of the city environment are identified that allow cities to have a comfortable city environment. The study was conducted on the example of the Kazan agglomeration.
The Spectral Properties of a Pre-Stressed Thermoelastic Layer Coupled to a Half-Space
Authors: Levi G Yu
Published: March 2020

In the framework of the linearized theory of the propagation of thermoelastic waves, a dynamic coupled problem of oscillations of an inhomogeneous medium under the influence of a thermal load oscillating on its surface simulating the action of a frequency-modulated laser beam is considered. The medium is a thermoelastic prestressed layer rigidly adhered to a thermoelastic prestressed half-space. The surface of the layer is free from mechanical stress and insulated outside the area of thermal load acting. At the media boundary thermal insulation condition is considered: ideal thermal contact and. The initial stress state is assumed to be uniform and is created due to preheating and the action of mechanical forces. As an example, the distribution of the phase velocities of the body with initial heating and without it differences are obtained and shown graphically.
Safety of a Barrier-Free Architectural and Planning Environment for Low Mobile Populations as a Subject of Construction Education
Authors: Pryadko I , Lebedev I
Published: March 2020

The article discusses one of the most important problems of present-day urbanism. The security problems of the urban architectural and planning space are of interest to both representatives of different areas of knowledge, and architects embodying theoretical developments in practice. That is why the proposed paper analyzes the steps taken by municipal authorities and construction organizations in Russian megalopolises, to organize a safe architectural and planning environment for low mobile populations. In order for social programs to improve the living conditions of disabled people and other categories of low mobile populations in urbanized areas to be implemented, it is necessary to train civil engineers, transport engineers and architects in urban planning to meet the needs of all citizens. The paper justifies the position that the training of the organization of a barrier-free architectural and planning environment should be a priority for modern Russian construction education. The paper emphasizes that there is a legal aspect of the problem associated with the protection of the social rights of disabled workers. It emphasizes the need to overcome contradictions between different groups of urban population, as well as the need to take into account the environmental trends of modern world urban planning. In particular, the urban development of the famous modern Danish architect Jan Gehl, head of Gehl Architects, currently operating in the Russian Federation, in cities in the Moscow region, is associated with the organization of a safe environment for all categories of urban residents.
Smart Home Concept at the Design Stage of Engineering Systems in the Construction of Economy Class Apartment Buildings
Authors: Snezhko I I
Published: March 2020

At present, the construction market of apartment buildings in the Moscow region is in an active transformation phase. The use of modern technologies has increased the volume of housing construction and reduced the time of commissioning new facilities. With the growing number of proposals in the real estate market, the demand for new buildings remains high. At the same time, buyers’ requirements for the quality of housing have changed significantly. Today’s potential apartment buyer pays attention not only to its basic characteristics and price per one square meter. One of the modern selection criteria is the availability of modern engineering systems, high-tech equipment in residential complexes, allowing to make living in such houses more comfortable and safe, as well as save energy when forming utility bills. The author conducted a study of the complex equipment of apartment buildings with “smart home” (SH) system, showed the main advantages of using various subsystems of SH, formulated proposals that can make more affordable SH technology for ordinary residents. These activities will also allow developers to adjust the approaches to the planning and implementation of their projects for the next 5-7 years to meet modern market requirements.
Designing Three-Dimensional Man Figure Mannequins
Authors: Petrosova I A , Tutova A A , Andreeva E
Published: March 2020

The article describes the method of designing dummies, based on the requirements for typical mannequins for clothing and the principles of geometric modeling of objects of complex volumetric shapes. The information component of the methodology is the data obtained by three-dimensional scanning of individual figures without clothes and in clothes. An important part of the process of designing new dummies is the knowledge base about the thickness of the package of materials of the underwear layer at different anthropometric levels on the front, side and rear surfaces of the virtual three-dimensional model. These data will allow to design dummies with a high degree of physical similarity of the dummy to the real figure of the consumer, take into account the thickness of the underwear layer when conducting a virtual fitting and assessing the quality of the finished clothing, ensure the personalization of the design process for garments and increase customer satisfaction with the finished clothing.