bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High STI burden among a cohort of adolescents aged 12–19 years in a youth-friendly clinic in South Africa
Authors: Price Matt A. , Kuteesa Monica , Oladimeji Matthew , Brumskine William , Edward Vinodh , Makkan Heeran , Mthembu Funeka , Muturi-Kioi Vincent , Chetty-Makkan Candice , Maenetje Pholo
Published: July 2024

Adolescents face a higher risk for HIV, STIs, and unintended pregnancy than any other age group in sub–Saharan Africa, and have unique health care needs as they navigate this period of growth and developmental milestones. We conducted the Youth Friendly Services study among adolescents in Rustenburg, South Africa to address some of these concerns. Participants aged 12–19 were followed quarterly for 12 months, asked at baseline about demographics, their sexual behavior, and tested for HIV, STIs, and pregnancy (girls). Report of sexual activity was not a requirement for enrollment. Assent and parental consent were obtained for participants under 18. Some follow up visits fell during COVID-mandated shutdowns, and we worked with participants to reschedule and extend follow up as appropriate. Here we present data on reported behaviors, participant attrition, risk of HIV, other STI, and pregnancy. From May 2018 to August 2019, we enrolled 223 HIV-negative, non-pregnant adolescents (64% girls). The median age was 17 (IQR: 14–18). Among the 119 (53%) participants who reported being sexually active at baseline, the median age at first sex was 16 years (IQR: 15–17). During follow-up, an additional 16 (7%) participants reported having their first sexual encounter. Among the sexually active participants, the incidence of HIV was 1.5 cases / 100 person-years at risk (PYAR, 95% CI: 0.4–6.0), the incidence of chlamydia was 15.7 cases (95% CI: 10.1–24.4), gonorrhea was 4.7 cases (95% CI: 2.1–10.5), and HSV was 6.3 cases (95% CI: 3.1–12.6); we observed no cases of incident syphilis. The incidence of pregnancy among sexually active girls was 15.0 pregnancies / 100 PYAR (95% CI: 8.5–26.5). Despite small numbers, the incidence of most STIs was significantly higher in females compared to males. We also observed two pregnancies and 5 incident STIs among participants who reported never having had sex, these tended to be younger participants. From March to September 2020, the clinic was shut down for COVID-19, and 53 study visits were postponed. Follow up was concluded in November 2020, a total of 19 participants were lost to follow up, however only one participant dropped off-study during COVID-19 shutdowns. Retention at the final visit was 91.5%. We successfully completed a prospective study of adolescents to learn more about the risks they face as they navigate sexual debut in the context of a program of youth-friendly counseling and services. Among self-reported sexually active participants, we observed a high rate of HIV, STI and pregnancy, however we also observed pregnancy and STIs among those who reported no sexual activity.
Higher levels of IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-3α, MIP-3β, and fractalkine are associated with 90-day mortality in 132 non-immunomodulated hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Rabøl Andersen Liv , Hindsberger Bettina , Bastrup Israelsen Simone , Pedersen Lise , Bela Szecsi Pal , Benfield Thomas
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Immune dysregulation with an excessive release of cytokines has been identified as a key driver in the development of severe COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial cytokine profile associated with 90-day mortality and respiratory failure in a cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID 19 that did not receive immunomodulatory therapy.

Methods

Levels of 45 cytokines were measured in blood samples obtained at admission from patients with confirmed COVID-19. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine the association between cytokine levels and outcomes. The primary outcome was death within 90 days from admission and the secondary outcome was need for mechanical ventilation.

Results

A total of 132 patients were included during the spring of 2020. We found that one anti-inflammatory cytokine, one pro-inflammatory cytokine, and five chemokines were associated with the odds of 90-day mortality, specifically: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-3α, macrophage inflammatory protein-3β, and fractalkine. All but fractalkine were also associated with the odds of respiratory failure during admission. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 showed the strongest estimate of association with both outcomes.

Conclusion

We showed that one anti-inflammatory cytokine, one pro-inflammatory cytokine, and five chemokines were associated with 90-day mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 that did not receive immunomodulatory therapy.
Practices for preventing Hepatitis B infection among health science students in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kitil Gemeda Wakgari , Dubale Abiy Tasew , Shibabaw Adamu Ambachew , Chereka Alex Ayenew
Published: July 2024

Background

Hepatitis B virus infection remains a significant public health concern globally, particularly among healthcare workers, including health science students who are at high risk due to their exposure to infected patients and contaminated medical equipment. In Ethiopia, where the burden of HBV infection is substantial, preventive practices among health science students are critical for minimizing transmission and ensuring a healthy workforce. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evidence regarding the effectiveness of these practices specifically among this population in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of preventive measures for Hepatitis B infection among Health Science Students in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study followed the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA checklist and focused on research conducted within Ethiopia. Seven relevant studies were identified through comprehensive searches across various databases including Google, Medline, PubMed, and Scholar. Data retrieval was systematically conducted using a checklist, and analysis was performed using STATA version 14. Heterogeneity was assessed using both the Cochrane Q test and the I2 statistic. Additionally, publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s weighted regression, a funnel plot, and Begg’s test.

Results

In this meta-analysis and systematic review, we identified a total of 515 research articles, of which seven studies met the eligibility criteria for analysis. The overall pooled magnitude of practices aimed at preventing Hepatitis B infection among Health Science Students in Ethiopia was 41.21% (95% CI: 30.81–51.62). Factors significantly associated with these practices included better understanding of Hepatitis B infection prevention (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.20–3.29), age group 20–24 years (OR = 5.79, 95% CI: 2.43–13.78), needle stick injury exposure (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.10–10.70), and students enrolled in medicine or public health officer departments (OR = 4.20, 95% CI: 2.65–6.65).

Conclusion

Our analysis indicates that only 41.21% of Health Science students in Ethiopia adhere to Hepatitis B prevention practices. To improve these practices, it is essential to mandate vaccination, provide targeted training on infection prevention, and increase awareness of vaccine uptake. Tailored educational programs should equip students with practical strategies. Additionally, intelligent interventions must address factors influencing preventive practices. Collaboration between institutions and ongoing monitoring is crucial to ensuring success.
Women in Revolt: Art and Activism in the UK 1970–1990, Tate Britain, curated by Linsey Young with Zuzana Flaskova, Hannah Marsh and Inga Fraser, Tate Britain, Millbank, London, UK, 8 November 2023–7 April 2024
Authors: Skov Marie Arleth , Strange Simon
Published: July 2024

Review of: Women in Revolt: Art and Activism in the UK 1970–1990, Tate Britain, curated by Linsey Young with Zuzana Flaskova, Hannah Marsh and Inga Fraser, Tate Britain, Millbank, London, UK, 8 November 2023–7 April 2024
MELERO MUÑOZ, Isabel M.ª, Linaje, vinculación de bienes y conflictividad en la España Moderna. Los pleitos de mayorazgos (siglos XVII-XVIII), Sevilla, Universidad de Sevilla, 2022, 533 pp.
Authors: Hidalgo Fernández Francisco
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro: MELERO MUÑOZ, Isabel M.ª, Linaje, vinculación de bienes y conflictividad en la España Moderna. Los pleitos de mayorazgos (siglos XVII-XVIII), Sevilla, Universidad de Sevilla, 2022, 533 pp.
The effects of Orai1 channel inhibition in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Szabó Viktória
Published: July 2024

A rekurrens akut hasnyálmirigy-gyulladásban (RAP) szenvedő betegeknél jelentős a kockázata a korai krónikus hasnyálmirigy-gyulladás (CP) kialakulásának, amely visszafordíthatatlan, súlyos tünetekkel járó végstádiumú CP-vé alakulhat. A RAP vagy a korai CP esetében nincs olyan specifikus terápia, amely megakadályozhatná a betegség progresszióját. A CP patogenezise összetett, és több sejttípus, köztük a hasnyálmirigy acináris, duktális és sztellát sejtjei (PSC) közötti kölcsönhatásokról szól. Ezért kulcsfontosságú az ezekben a sejtekben található közös patogén útvonalak azonosítása, amelyek farmakológiai célpontok lehetnek. Az Orai1 által közvetített raktár-függő Ca2+-beáramlás (SOCE) egy ubiquitikus jelátviteli mechanizmus, amely patológiás állapotokban túlműködhet, intracelluláris Ca2+-túlterhelést eredményezve. Ebben a tanulmányban ex vivo és in vivo preklinikai betegségmodelleket használtunk annak bizonyítására, hogy az Orai1 gátlása megakadályozza a RAP és a korai CP progresszióját. A CM5480 szelektív Orai1-gátló helyreállította a SOCE-hez kapcsolódó szabályozó faktor (SARAF) expresszióját az acináris sejtekben, megakadályozta a kontrollálatlan Ca2+-emelkedést, megvédte az acináris és duktális funkciókat, mérsékelte az immunsejtek infiltrációját, és csökkentette a PSC aktivációt, proliferációt és migrációt. Úgy véljük, hogy az Orai1 túlaktiválódása döntő patogenetikai esemény a korai CP progressziójában, és hogy az Orai1 gátlása megakadályozhatja a végstádiumú CP kialakulását.
Spatiotemporally precise targeting of memory processes to prevent and ameliorate maladaptive fear responses
Authors: Pedraza Correa Lizeth Katherine
Published: July 2024

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an incapacitating chronic disorder that results from direct or indirect exposure to stressful events compromising physical or mental safety. Memory features like fear generalization and resistance to the extinction, prevents the effectiveness of current psychotherapy and pharmacological treatments in PTSD. Pavlovian fear conditioning has been consistently used over decades to study factors contributing to adaptive and pathological fear memories. Sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) are well known to play a critical role in spatial memory consolidation. However, how SWRs mediates the consolidation of emotional memories is poorly understood. In this thesis, I present our experiments providing the first demonstration of a Closed-Loop (CL) intervention to update the emotional information of fear memory traces through intracranial electrical stimulation in male rats. We found the feasibility of this method in various memory processes with high translational value: CL-SWRs triggered neuromodulation of the Infralimbic cortex during consolidation prevents fear generalization and enhances extinction. CL-SWRs triggered neuromodulation of the Basolateral Amygdala after memory reactivation reverses fear generalization via reconsolidation dependent-mechanism. CL-SWRs triggered neuromodulation of the Medial Forebrain Bundle accelerates fear extinction and finally the disruption of SWRs impairs cued fear memory extinction, proving its causal role in fear processing. These results suggests that fear memories could be updated using high precision electrical stimulation inducing reward and anxiolytic signals. We discuss a new framework where PTSD can be considered as memory-based disorder and the strategies to reduce the invasiveness of the stimulation and detection procedures for future human testing.
The evolution of the project management competence concept – A systematic literature review
Authors: Papp-Horváth Viktória , Tóth János , Tóth Nikolett
Published: July 2024

This research aims to get closer to the definition of project management (PM) competence and understand its models by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR). The focus of this study is on the individual level PM competence of the project manager and the project team members. The paper introduces the competence models of the most important project management standards, which provide a guideline for professionals and serve as a base for the different PM qualifications. The literature review reveals which PM competence groups and elements have become the focus of attention in certain periods, which new competences have been uncovered, how the concept models have changed (in their professional content and regarding their structure), and how these results could be built into the upcoming standards and how they could shape the concept of project management competence in the future and serve as a basis for new research.
Realistic Shadows In Computer Graphics
Authors: Hamza Abdullah Asaad Ghali
Published: July 2024

Shadows play a pivotal role in the realism and depth perception of computer-generated imagery (CGI). By accurately simulating the way light interacts with objects and their surroundings, shadows enhance the visual fidelity of virtual environments, contributing to the overall immersive experience. This research delves into the intricate process of creating realistic shadows in computer graphics, with a particular focus on the differences between smooth and hard shadows, and the application of ray tracing techniques.
Examining quantum gravity's effects on gravitational rainbows
Authors: Goshu Belay Sitotaw
Published: July 2024

This paper delves into the fundamental implications of quantum gravity on gravitational rainbows, an intriguing phenomenon resulting from the interaction between quantum mechanics and gravity. We explore the theoretical underpinnings of quantum gravity and how they affect light bending around enormous objects, providing insight into the phenomenon known as gravitational rainbows. We investigate the complex interplay between quantum gravity and gravitational events by thoroughly analyzing theoretical models, experimental findings, and computer simulations, providing insights into the essence of the cosmos. The results show that according to the basic theories of light propagation, light moves along the x-axis at a constant speed based on observing a straight-line route between the affine parameters and the x-coordinate. The analysis of shifting gravitational potentials reveals significant influences on the routes taken by light beams traveling through gravitational fields. The impact of quantum gravitational effects is emphasized by the gravitational potential spreading outward, reaching magnitudes of 10 × 1011 and decreasing towards zero outward. Moreover, the gravitational disturbance distribution is closest to the coordinate system center, with minor perturbations in the z-direction, especially in ℎxx and ℎyy. This distribution highlights how gravitational influences vary throughout space. Finally, the analysis shows that, due to a decrease in the impact parameter, the deflection angle of light increases as the angle of incidence lowers. Additionally, the deflection angle is directly influenced by the mass of the deflecting objects, suggesting a proportionate link between mass and deflection. These findings advance our knowledge of gravitational events in astrophysical and cosmological contexts and offer insight into how light behaves in gravitational fields.
The Sustained and Selective Effectiveness of a Videophone Conversation for Individuals with Dementia
Authors: Yasuda Kiyoshi , Narumoto Jin , Sano Mutsuo , Kuwahara Noriaki , Kuwabara Kazuhiro
Published: July 2024

Studies reported that a videophone conversation allows individuals with dementia to be psychologically stable even after a 3 h conversation session. The individuals who exhibited difficulty in watching TV programs could still enjoy a conversation. This follow-up study investigated the effectiveness of a videophone conversation using five subjects with mild to moderate dementia. Two sessions were conducted during the study. In Session A, a subject convers with a talking partner through videophone for 30 min, and in Session B, a subject watches his/her favorite TV program. Sessions A and B were rotated on a day-by-day basis. Their psychological stability was evaluated by caregivers using the revised GBS scale (concomitant evaluation) and the overall psychological stability 3 h after each session (delayed evaluation) was also assessed. The significant psychological stability was obtained for two subjects in the concomitant evaluation, and one subject in the delayed evaluation. This indicates that a videophone conversation is a promising remote intervention for assisting individuals with dementia. Further investigation with the participation of more subjects must be conducted.
In Search of Soldiers: Yemen as a Military Recruiting Ground for the Italian Colonial Army, 1903–1918
Authors: Zaccaria Massimo
Published: July 2024

When faced with the problem of setting up their colonial troops in Somalia, the Italians adopted a rigid quota system. According to the Regulations of the Royal Colonial Corps of Somalia of 1906, only 10 percent of the available positions were reserved for Somalis. Another 20 percent of the troops was reserved for “people of other races,” whereas the remaining 70 percent had to be made up of “Arab” soldiers from Yemen and the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula. When other colonial armies, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, were unable to reach such percentages, they filled the gaps in their ranks with a large number of “foreigners.” This article looks at why this situation arose and how these men were recruited, investigating the world of transnational enlistment in an area stretching from Benadir to the southern Red Sea. The phenomenon is analyzed through the prism of labor and mobility history, two approaches that allow us to grasp aspects and characteristics that military history alone would be hard-pressed to bring to light. The article argues that for many men, being a soldier was not a life-long choice but rather a form of stopgap employment in a system that suffered from a chronic labor shortage. This strong labor shortage sparked fierce competition among the colonial powers, which, to secure the required manpower, inevitably had to compete with other colonial powers by offering more desirable contracts. Taking advantage of the greater ease of movement and the high demand for work, some inhabitants of this region had an edge in negotiating their terms of service.
On the Transformation of Presences - An Introduction
Authors: Dümling Sebastian
Published: July 2024

This introduction examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on interpersonal dynamics and educational experiences, focusing on the transition to remote learning at the University of Basel. Through qualitative analysis, it explores the paradoxical increase in emotional depth and intimacy in mediated interactions compared to face-to-face meetings. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from phenomenology, the study highlights the need to reassess existing theories in light of the hybridization of physical and digital presence. It advocates for further research to develop a comprehensive theory of digital everyday life, incorporating diverse perspectives from different cultural contexts.
Riding Tools and Spiritual Excursion: Modes of Human Presence and Tool Usage
Authors: Kim Jung Yeon
Published: July 2024

Tools, can they build space for human consciousness to dwell? This article discusse sa semantic expansion of immaterial worlds, through tools functioning as symbolic indicator of 'another world.' Comparing ritual objects as ancient mediator models of an immaterial world, and Virtual Reality (VR) tools as a new alternative reality generator, we will argue how they help transport our mind and body to unknown spheres, generating different frameworks of belief, and ultimately fashion accommodation for multifaceted posthuman presence on our conceptual world map.
Wer zählt?
Authors: Geiser Ellen
Published: July 2024

Welche Umstellungen und Anregungen ergeben sich aus einer vergleichenden Re-Lektüre der Neuen Politischen Theologie nach Johann Baptist Metz und den Theorien Judith Butlers für eine Praktische Theologie in der Spätmoderne? Ellen Geiser nimmt die sieben »Fährten« Anerkennung, Subjekt, Prekarität, Sprache, Verantwortung, kulturelle Verortung und Veränderung in den Blick und stellt Differenzen und Gemeinsamkeiten der Theorien heraus. Dabei eröffnen sich assoziative, diskursive und performative Räume, die auf der Suche nach einem (Denk-)Stil helfen, der die Frage »Wer zählt?« offenhält.
Webfare
Authors: Ferraris Maurizio
Published: July 2024

From time immemorial, humans have been making deals, consuming goods, cultivating interests, thereby manifesting specific forms of life. Now, these forms of life solidify automatically by transforming into data. Webfare, a form of digital welfare, seeks to initiate a Copernican revolution that places need instead of merit at the center of society. In 21st-century welfare, consumption and production will be considered as the two faces of the same reality. The possibility to create new value is precisely what sets Webfare apart from traditional welfare: it recognizes the new value created by the Web, and aims to use it for everyone's well-being.
Der politische Konsens
Authors: Braun Tobias
Published: July 2024

Auf welchem Grund ruhen Demokratien und ihre politischen Ordnungen? Was sind die Quellen von Einigkeit, wie die Bedingungen von Einigung? Und liegt der Demokratie ein Konsens als Fundament zugrunde oder bringt sie ihn erst hervor? Tobias Braun nimmt den Begriff des »politischen Konsens« als Ausgangspunkt und sondiert damit die Grundlagen und Spannungen moderner und postmoderner Demokratietheorien, u.a. von Fraenkel, Barber und Habermas sowie Mouffe und Nancy. Er zeigt auf, was für Rückschlüsse aus dem Fehlen des »Einen« in Bezug auf die innertheoretische Funktion konsensualer Annahmen gezogen werden können - und beantwortet die Frage, ob der Konsens einer bestimmten Kultur entstammt oder das Ergebnis politischen Streits ist.
Great Queer Provocation
Authors: Gössl Martin J.
Published: July 2024

Queer cultures are vibrant components of the constantly transforming societies of the 21st century. This is both socially and anthropologically recognizable, as well as individually readable. Categories such as wealth, success, amusement, but also sexuality and beauty have undergone major changes within queer subcultures and have influenced the reality of life for the general public. The entanglements in heteronormative systems and capitalist orders are increasingly putting a queer point of view under pressure, so that the question seems justified: What makes someone or something queer? Martin Gössl reflects on the possibilities of queer recognition in different social contexts.
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Authors: Haverich Katharina , Kuster Lucas
Published: July 2024

Dieses Kapitel versteht sich als Editorialtext. Es beschreibt das Buch als experimentellen Entwurf, der verschiedene Perspektiven zu Virtual Reality (VR), Vielfalt und Kultur vereint: Basierend auf dem Forschungsprojekt »Brecht Into The Metaverse« entstand eine vielschichtige Anthologie mit unterschiedlichen Beiträgen. Die Ästhetik des Buches ist annähernd barrierearm gestaltet, mit Zusammenfassungen in Leichter Sprache und mehrsprachigem Inhalt. Visuelle Kommentare bieten zusätzliche Zugangsperspektiven.
Critical Onboarding Protocol (COP) for VR-based Metaverses
Authors: Haverich Katharina , Kuster Lucas
Published: July 2024

In this contribution, Fernanda Parente presents a reflective framework for both new and seasoned users by guiding them on how to onboard virtual reality-based metaverses. The protocol does not aim to be seen as a definite answer to one's foray into VR, but rather as a guideline and a starting point to understanding better our engagement with this medium. Presented as a step-by-step guide accompanied by key questions, this protocol aims to create awareness and help users make informed choices when using a head-mounted display (HMD) to access virtual worlds.
Initializing World: Im Schwellenzustand des virtuellen Ladebalkens
Authors: Haverich Katharina , Kuster Lucas
Published: July 2024

Der Text »Initializing World: Im Schwellenzustand des virtuellen Ladebalkens« beschreibt die erste Erfahrung des Autors Lucas Kuster mit dem Metaverse durch die App VRChat. Es wird eine komplexe, immersive Welt beschrieben, die sowohl fasziniert als auch irritiert. Die Beschreibung des Warteraums zwischen realer und virtueller Welt führt zu Überlegungen über das Potenzial und die Grenzen des Metaversums. Der Text untersucht die Themen Virtual Reality, Vielfalt und Kultur in transdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit und skizziert kritisch Fragen zu deren Gestaltung und Nutzung.
365 Tage Zusammenspiel von Kunstproduktion und Diversität
Authors: Haverich Katharina , Kuster Lucas
Published: July 2024

Die Diversitätsmanagerin Sonja Baltruschat und die Künstlerin Katharina Haverich reflektieren in diesem Gespräch Chancen und Herausforderungen von Diversifizierungsprozessen in der Freien Kunst- und Kulturszene. Anhand eines diskriminierungskritischen Fragenkatalogs diskutieren sie Erfolge und Rückschläge in der gemeinsamen Arbeit an dem Projekt »Brecht Into The Metaverse«.
Ein Medienprodukt als didaktisches Mittel zum interkulturellen Sprachenlernen
Authors: Giessen Hans
Published: July 2024

Im Artikel stellt Hans Giessen ein Projekt vor, das mit Studenten der Germanistik an der Jan-Kochanowski-Universität in Kielce durchgeführt wurde. Polnische Studierende erstellten eine Website in deutscher Sprache für ein deutschsprachiges Zielpublikum. Die Präsentation des Projekts wird kombiniert mit Reflexionen über das didaktische Vorgehen.
Die Rezeption des kroatischen Schriftstellers Miroslav Krleza im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Hudabiunigg Ingrid
Published: July 2024

In diesem Artikel widmet sich Hudabiunigg der Frage, warum Krlea relativ unbekannt in der deutschsprachigen Welt ist. Im ersten Teil wird ein Überblick über das Leben des Schriftstellers, Publizisten und ,homo politicus' Miroslav Krlea (1893-1981) gegeben. Dem folgt die Sichtweise der deutschsprachigen Rezeption seines Werks in exemplarischen Texten. Es wird versucht zu erklären, wieso der Autor trotz der vorwiegend positiven, teilweise euphorischen Kritiken im deutschsprachigen Raum relativ unbekannt geblieben ist.
»Das Meer zwischen ihnen und uns.«
Authors: Kern Joachim-Friedrich
Published: July 2024

Joachim-Friedrich Kern beschäftigt sich in dem Beitrag mit der Frage, wie gegenwärtige Lyrik die Bedeutung des Mittelmeers im 21. Jahrhunderts reflektiert. Das Mittelmeer als Grenzraum hat seine Bedeutung in der Gegenwart stark verändert. Die Auswirkungen dieser Veränderung auf die Lyrik wird im Beitrag anhand zweier Gedichte untersucht. Zugleich wird das Mittelmeer als Seegrenze und Raum zwischen dem Selbst und den Anderen betrachtet.
Forschendes Entwerfen
Authors: Reinmann Gabi , Herzberg Dominikus , Brase Alexa
Published: July 2024

Wer Design-Based Research (DBR) im Kontext der Hochschullehre praktiziert, braucht Orientierung. Die Autor*innen bieten sie: Mit dem Forschenden Entwerfen stellen sie eine theoretisch begründete und an die Hochschuldidaktik angepasste Form von DBR vor. Heuristiken und Instrumente unterstützen in den verschiedenen Dimensionen des Forschungshandelns und helfen dabei, Entscheidungen reflektiert zu treffen sowie eigene Stärken zu nutzen. Prägnante Empfehlungen, z.B. zu Qualitätsstandards oder Ergebniskommunikation, und ein weiterführendes Literaturverzeichnis runden das Handbuch ab und machen es zum idealen didaktischen Begleiter für Nachwuchswissenschaftler*innen und Hochschullehrende.
Analyzing Early Childhood Fairy Tales: Looking for Studies on the Local Wisdom of Madurese Society
Authors: Latif Muhammad Abdul , Pratiwi Eriqa , Prameswari Aldila
Published: July 2024

Purpose – Moral degradation continues to persist in Indonesia, with various cases of violence and conflicts occurring from early childhood to adolescence. The low foundation of character education is a major issue, especially in early childhood education. This research aims to analyze Bangkalan fairy tales in preserving Madura's local wisdom.
Design/methods/approach – The research method employed is qualitative research, utilizing data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects consist of cultural figures in Bangkalan and the folktales from Bangkalan. Data analysis in this research employs thematic analysis with validity testing through source triangulation and technique triangulation.
Findings – The findings of this research reveal that the local wisdom embedded in Bangkalan's folktales emphasizes the early cultivation of character traits. These character traits include respect for elders, adherence to religious practices, honesty, and empathy towards others. The research findings provide an alternative approach to instilling local wisdom in early childhood as a foundational framework for children in coping with technological advancements.
Research implications/limitations – This research is limited to the analysis of fairy tales intended for early childhood as a means to preserve local wisdom from an early age. Additionally, the research is confined to the cultural context of Bangkalan and may not be applicable to other regions. Future studies could explore similar analyses in different cultural contexts to provide a broader understanding of how fairy tales can preserve local wisdom across various societies.
Practical implications – This research provides implications in the form of practices of struggle and nurturing through fairy tales in Bangkalan. It demonstrates how these tales can be used as practical tools for teaching young children about resilience and care, instilling important cultural values from an early age.
Originality/value – This research provides positive value for young children by preserving the values of struggle found in Bangkalan fairy tales, contributing to the cultural education and heritage of Madura. By integrating these tales into early childhood education, it helps foster a sense of cultural identity and continuity among the younger generation.
Paper type Case study
Listening to Electric Miles
Authors: Brackett David
Published: July 2024

This project considers a case study from the archive of modern recorded jazz—Miles Davis’s Jack Johnson (1971)—as a means to address the collaborative aesthetic, technical, and social dimensions of record production. The release of The Complete Jack Johnson Sessions (2003) contains a number of alternate takes and “inserts” that were cut up and spliced together to create extended tracks on several albums by Davis released from 1971 to 1974. Drawing on recent work in popular music studies, ethnomusicology, and studies in the art of record production, I ask how this studio collaboration affects our notions of authorship and creativity in jazz. In other words, what is the relationship between the countless decisions in the studio and the sound that results? I will study studio practices and interactions in an integrated fashion, bringing together technological, practical, social, and creative/artistic components through a detailed consideration of the construction of a specific track from the album, “Yesternow.” The study of this little-discussed album by a canonical artist allows us to show how a specific approach to recording, as well as changes in recording technology, can be correlated with sonic and formal differences, and social relations.
Becoming Ella Fitzgerald’s Biographer
Authors: Mueller Darren , Tick Judith
Published: July 2024

Oral interview from March 13, 2024, W 35th St. in New York City, expanded and edited in June 2024. 
Becoming Ella Fitzgerald: The Jazz Singer Who Transformed American Song. by Judith Tick.  New York, NY: W.W. Norton, 2023. 592pp. $40.00.
A Survey on the Assistive Technology Center Workers’ Experiences and Perceptions of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Authors: Lee JinJu , Park HyunJu ,   Korean Society of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Workers at assistive technology centers play the role of finders and provide consultations to individuals who need augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This study aimed to examine assistive technology center workers’ experience and perception of AAC. Method: An online survey targeting 151 workers at 29 assistive technology centers across the country was conducted, and a total of 80 survey responses were collected and analyzed. Results: First, it was found that the longer the work experience, the more the workers had AAC education experience. The greatest number of initial consultations and provisions of AAC tools was at least one to less than 10 times those of the past year, and the most common type of disability was brain lesion disorder. Second, the workers believed that a minimum level of cognitive ability was required
for AAC intervention and also considered cognitive ability as the most important criterion for recommending AAC intervention. Third, the workers with education, consultation, and provision experience appeared to have a better understanding of AAC. However, the difference in perception between groups with education, consultation, and provision experience and those without was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study examined the experiences and perceptions of AAC of assistive technology center workers who perform AAC-related consultation, assessment, and tool provision tasks. The results of this study provide useful basic data for strengthening the competence of the workers who play the role of AAC finders and developing specific action plans to improve the quality of AAC services.
Characteristics of the Vocabulary Use of School-age Children in the Narrative Tasks
Authors: Kim Seong Eun , Yeon Seok Jeong ,   Korean Society of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: The vocabulary of an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system should reflect the AAC user’s needs and desires for successful communication. The selection of vocabulary should be based on the vocabulary used by the child’s peers. This study aimed to examine vocabulary usage characteristics of children in lower primary grades according to the type of narrative task and to select core vocabulary for use in an AAC system. Methods: We collected utterances from 20 children in lower elementary school for four narrative tasks (personal experience story, storytelling, explanation, and procedural descriptions). Characteristics of high-frequency vocabulary, core vocabulary, and word class vocabulary by task were examined. Results: Of the total number of words, the total frequency of core words was 77.28% (n = 26,400). The total number of other words was 2,677 (10.98%). The most frequent words in the core vocabulary were ‘-e(-에)’, ‘-ga(-가)’, and ‘-neun(-는)’. Conclusion: The inclusion of high-frequency words and core vocabulary in the narrative task can be used as a basis for vocabulary selection for school-aged children who use AAC systems.
Physical activity and mental health trends in Korean adolescents: Analyzing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from 2018 to 2022
Authors: Kim Kyungsik , Zhou Zixiang , Ren Xiao , Bu Xiuxiu , Jia Xiaodai , Shao Qingyang
Published: July 2024

Objective

Mental health significantly affects the physical and emotional development of adolescents. The aim of the current study was to examine how physical activity (PA) and mental health among Korean adolescents changed before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We used comparative cross-sectional methods, gathering information from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency databases and conducting Chi-square testing and correlation analysis for evaluation.

Results

The findings indicate that before and during the pandemic, participation in both moderate- and high-intensity PA, as well as strength training, mitigated stress, depression, and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, the findings confirm the beneficial effects of various physical activities on mental well-being.

Conclusions

These insights emphasize the vital role of regular PA in improving mental health among adolescents, particularly during a health crisis such as the pandemic.
Eigenpairs of adjacency matrices of balanced signed graphs
Authors: Chen Mei-Qin
Published: July 2024

In this article, we study eigenvalues

λ

\lambda

and their associated eigenvectors

x

x

of the adjacency matrices

A

A

of balanced signed graphs. Balanced signed graphs were first introduced and studied by Harary to handle a problem in social psychology. Harary showed in 1953 that a signed graph is balanced if and only if its vertex set

V

V

can be divided into two sets (either of which may be empty),

X

X

and

Y

Y

, so that each edge between the sets is negative and each within a set is positive. Based on this fundamental theorem for the balanced signed graphs, vertices of a balanced signed graph can be labeled in a way so that its adjacency matrix is well structured. Using this special structure, we find algebraically all eigenvalues and their associated eigenvectors of the adjacency matrix

A

A

of a given balanced signed graph. We present in this study eigenpairs

(

λ
,
x

)

\left(\lambda ,x)

of adjacency matrices of balanced signed graphs with some special structures.
Post-traumatic thoracic kyphosis and complications after arthrodesis: Case report
Authors: Matos de Souza Anderson Fellipe
Published: July 2024

Spinal fractures most common causes are automobile accidents, accounting for approximately 40 to 45% of the injuries, followed by falls from height (20%), sports practice (15%), consequences of violence (15%), and other activities (5%). The thoracic spine, for instance, is the region most frequently affected in motorcycle accidents. Moreover, epidemiology points out that the incidence is more common in the male population (ratio 4:1), and that the type of fracture and its complications may be related to both the anatomical characteristics dependent on trauma's biomechanics and the type of surgical intervention these patients undergo. This report presents the case of a 32 years old female patient diagnosed with a compression fracture of T6 with kyphotization due to automobile trauma, without deficits, who was surgically treated but developed complications.
The role of quantitative sacroiliac scintigraphy in clinical relevance: a literature review
Authors: Chang Shin-Tsu
Published: July 2024

Nuclear skeletal scintigraphy affords a highly sensitive functional method in order to identify systemic skeletoarticular disorders or injuries. Bone scan with quantitative sacroiliac scintigraphy (QSS) is a practical indicator for discovering inflammation/stress of sacroiliac (SI) joints. Sacroiliitis takes place in many situations, for instance, spondyloarthritis, osteitis condendsans ilii, post-streptococcal reactive arthritis, and lower extremity periostitis. QSS exerts a superior tool in scintigraphy rehabilitation and raises alertness for physicians paying more attention to the following steps for exact diagnosis.
Software Design of a Distributed High-Load Power Grid System Based on the Actor Model with the Use of Smart Contracts
Authors: Prymushko A.M. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Puchko T.V. , Yaroshynskyi M.S. , Sinko D.P. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: July 2024

In the article, the authors provide an example of a high-level design of a distributed high-load power system based on the actor model using smart contracts in the form of a cluster topology, which allows for a unified description of the power grid in the context of the Ukrainian electricity market. Based on typical node loads in the cluster system, an expres-sion is derived formalizing the relationships between cluster nodes, which can be utilized for managing individual cluster objects and the cluster as a whole.
Data Processing Based on Fast Fourier Transform in a Correlation Leak Detector
Authors: Vladimirsky A.A. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Vladimirsky I.A. , Semenyuk D.N. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: July 2024

Fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms are widely used in correlation leak detectors (CD) in the implementation of digital data processing. The combination of the computa-tional efficiency of FFT with modern high-performance mobile computing means pro-vides acceptable data processing time during leak detection. Due to the increase in the general wear and tear of pipeline networks in many countries, the requirements for reliabil-ity and efficiency in detecting and repairing damage are increasing. Meeting these re-quirements means complicating data processing algorithms to more fully take into ac-count the diversity of the acoustic environment. This is the reason for the special interest in FFT as a basic, universal algorithm, on the basis of which it is promising to further develop data processing in CD. The article describes the experience of the authors in the application of FFT in parametric CD, in particular, the use of FFT in spectral evaluation and digital filtering of signals, calculations of digital filters, calculation and further pro-cessing of correlation functions is considered.
Modeling of the Stabilization System of Mobile Robot Equipment in the Conditions of Movement on Terrain with Slopes and Unevenness
Authors: Bouraou N.I. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic   Institute», Osovtsev A.V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic   Institute»
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the development of a system of stabilization and guidance of equipment, which is installed on land-based small-scale mobile robots of the wheel type. During the operation of such objects, problems arise due to modes of movement, over-coming obstacles, movement on terrain with different types and profiles of the terrain. During such a movement, there are disturbances in the place of installation of the equip-ment, which leads to its deviation from the horizon plane. A stabilization system is used to ensure accuracy requirements in a wide range of movement speeds and operating condi-tions of mobile robots. In the article, the simulation of the stabilization system under the action of external disturbances caused by the influence of the movement of the mobile robot through terrain with a complex profile in combination with the inclination of the different steepness of the movement surface was carried out. A stabilization system simulation scheme with a basic structure and with an additionally introduced proportional-integrating controller was developed, realizations of various types of disturbances were generated by a combination of different inclination angles and different road profile classes. As a result of the simula-tion, the time realizations of the system’s response to the generated disturbances, which are the dependences of the stabilization error, were obtained, the root mean square devia-tions and the maximum value of the angle of deviation of the place of installation of the equipment from the horizon plane were determined. The results of the study showed that the system with an additionally introduced pro-portional-integrating regulator provides acceptable stabilization error values under the con-ditions of action of all considered types of disturbances. The obtained results will be used for the development of an adaptive digital system of stabilization of equipment installed on small-sized mobile robots of the wheel type.
Action of derivations on polynomials and on Jacobian derivations
Authors: Kozachok O.Ya. , Petravchuk A.P.
Published: July 2024

Let $\mathbb K$ be a field of characteristic zero, $A := \mathbb K[x_{1}, x_{2}]$ the polynomial ring and $W_2(\mathbb K)$ the Lie algebra of all $\mathbb K$-derivations on $A$. Every polynomial $f \in A$ defines a Jacobian derivation $D_f\in W_2(\mathbb K)$ by the rule $D_f(h)=\det J(f, h)$ for any $h\in A$, where $J(f, h)$ is the Jacobi matrix for $f, h$. The Lie algebra $W_2(\mathbb K)$ acts naturally on $A$ and on itself (by multiplication). We study relations between such actions from the viewpoint of Darboux polynomials of derivations from $W_2(\mathbb K)$. It is proved that for a Jordan chain $T(f_1)=\lambda f_1+f_2$, ..., $T(f_{k-1})=\lambda f_{k-1}+f_k$, $T(f_k)=\lambda f_k$ for a derivation $T\in W_2(\mathbb K)$ on $A$ there exists an analogous chain $[T,D_{f_1}]=(\lambda -\mathop{\mathrm{div}} T)D_{f_1} + D_{f_2}$, ..., $[T,D_{f_{k}}]=(\lambda -\mathop{\mathrm{div}} T)D_{f_{k}}$ in $W_2(\mathbb K)$. In case $A:=\mathbb K[x_1, \ldots , x_n]$, the action of normalizers of elements $f$ from $A$ in $W_n(\mathbb K)$ on the principal ideals $(f)$ is considered.
Automorphism groups of some non-nilpotent Leibniz algebras
Authors: Kurdachenko L.A. , Minaiev P.Ye. , Pypka O.O.
Published: July 2024

Let $L$ be an algebra over a field $F$ with the binary operations $+$ and $[,]$. Then $L$ is called a left Leibniz algebra if it satisfies the left Leibniz identity: $[a,[b,c]]=[[a,b],c]+[b,[a,c]]$ for all $a,b,c\in L$. A linear transformation $f$ of $L$ is called an endomorphism of $L$, if $f([a,b])=[f(a),f(b)]$ for all elements $a,b\in L$. A bijective endomorphism of $L$ is called an automorphism of $L$. It is easy to show that the set of all automorphisms of Leibniz algebra is a group with respect to the operation of multiplication of automorphisms. The description of the structure of the automorphism groups of Leibniz algebras is one of the natural and important problems of the general Leibniz algebra theory. The main goal of this article is to describe the structure of the automorphism group of a certain type of non-nilpotent three-dimensional Leibniz algebras.
Simple proofs of certain inequalities with logarithmic coefficients of univalent functions
Authors: Obradović M. , Tuneski N.
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we give simple proofs for the bounds (some of them sharp) of the difference of the moduli of the second and the first logarithmic coefficient for the general class of univalent functions and for the class of convex univalent functions.