bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creación de capital social en la biblioteca pública
Authors: Barrios Martínez Cristina , Cuevas Cerveró Aurora , Gómez Hernández José Antonio
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo, de carácter exploratorio, se estudia el fenómeno de la creación de capital social en las bibliotecas públicas con el objetivo de visibilizar de qué manera la biblioteca pública posibilita la creación de capital social. Refrendamos la investigación a través de una revisión sistemática de literatura científica en torno a la generación de capital social en la biblioteca pública, especialmente desde los enfoques ofrecidos por las teorías del tercer lugar y de los grupos de interés (o stakeholders). Aunque los resultados obtenidos en la investigación evidencian la posición activa y positiva de la biblioteca pública como generadora de capital social, no se ignoran problemas asociados, como el capital social negativo, la medición del capital social y el encaje del espacio virtual de la biblioteca.
Les moulins à chanvre en France : outillage, travail, sitologie, architecture (xviiie-xxe siècles)
Authors: Azéma Jean-Pierre Henri
Published: March 2024

En France, les moulins à chanvre font partie des oubliés de l’histoire des techniques. Cette étude commencée en 1982, livre ici ses premiers résultats. Elle utilise une méthode pluridisplinaire s’appuyant sur quatre points : l’étude des textes anciens, la toponymie, archives et publications, un repérage cartographique sur les cadastres napoléoniens et sur les cartes contemporaines, la recherche iconographique, et enfin sur l’enquête de vérité-terrain. Bâtiments de petites tailles, les moulins à chanvre avaient entre 5 et 7 mètres de côté. Souvent accessoires saisonniers des moulins à grain, leur partie supérieure est construite en structure légère souvent végétale, ouverte sur deux à quatre côtés, sans murs porteurs extérieurs. Le mécanisme se compose d’une meule travaillant de chant, tournant sur une meule gisante en pierre ou en bois. Il est actionné soit par une roue hydraulique horizontale en zone de parler occitan ou par une roue verticale dans l’Est, en zone de parler franco-provençal ou d’influence germanique. Ces petits moulins disparurent au cours de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle.
Le chanvre au prisme des cartulaires bas-languedociens (xie-début xiiie siècle)
Authors: Durand Aline
Published: March 2024

En Bas-Languedoc, la relecture de la documentation essentiellement diplomatique du viiie au début du xiiie siècle a permis de recenser un corpus de 28 mentions de chanvre ou en rapport avec le chanvre dont 18 concernent des individus. Aucune n’est antérieure au xie siècle. Lorsqu’ils apparaissent non pas comme simples tenanciers dans les censiers, mais comme acteurs ou souscripteurs, il est possible de dresser le portrait social de certains canabassiers : ce sont des roturiers entreprenants tel, Fulcran, proche de la lignée des Mauchiens-Popian, ou Pierre de Montferrier et Brémond qui gravitent tous deux dans l’entourage des Guilhem de Montpellier et animent la croissance de la canabasserie de la ville au xiie siècle. Des indices probants, dont les tarifs de leudes, plaident pour une culture de chanvre locale en zones humides qui est en partie commercialisée et destinée à la fabrication de cordes et de toiles.In Bas-Languedoc, a review of diplomatic documentation from the 8th and early 13th centuries revealed a corpus of 28 mentions of hemp or hemp-related documents: 18 of which concerned individuals. None of these predate the 11th century. When they appear not as simple tenants in the censiers, but as actors or subscribers, it is possible to draw up a social portrait of some canabassiers: they were enterprising commoners such as the first recorded, Fulcran, close to the Mauchiens-Popian lineage, or Pierre de Montferrier and Brémond, who both gravitated towards the entourage of Guilhem de Montpellier and drove the growth of the town's canabasserie in the 12th century. There is convincing evidence, including leude tariffs, that local hemp was grown in wetlands and partly marketed for the manufacture of rope and canvas.
Chambord, 1519 : le début du chantier, nouveaux documents
Authors: Fourrier Thibaud , Parot François
Published: March 2024

Aujourd’hui, seuls trois documents, datés des 6 et 7 septembre 1519, nous permettent de situer le début du chantier de Chambord, le plus grand du règne de François Ier. De nouvelles sources, jusqu’à présent inexploitées, nous permettent de suivre au plus près, à travers les déplacements quotidiens du roi, le processus de lancement des travaux au cours de l’année 1519, jusqu’à la cérémonie officialisant l’ouverture du chantier et la pose de la première pierre. Depuis son arrivée sur les lieux, le roi multipliait les visites de chantier, tout en menant en parallèle les affaires du royaume, dominées par les suites de l’élection impériale, les négociations de paix et le projet de croisade initiés par le pape. Cette nouvelle chronologie met en évidence l’importance du chantier et l’implication personnelle du souverain, toujours avec l’appui de sa femme et de sa mère, dans ce grand dessein architectural.
Autonomie de la langue et mythification du passé national
Authors: Lescasse Marie-Églantine
Published: March 2024

Cet article a pour objet l’imbrication au xvie siècle et au début du xviie siècle de la réflexion apologétique sur la langue vernaculaire et de la réécriture du passé national, qui se développa en Espagne et dans les pays germaniques. On y analyse le lien du discours d’apologie et de défense de la langue vulgaire à un imaginaire proto-­nationaliste fondé sur l’autochtonie du peuple et la résistance historique à la colonisation romaine. La farouche rébellion des ancêtres devait se refléter dans l’indépendance de la langue par rapport au latin, ce qui se posait dans des termes très différents entre l’Espagne, qui tirait sa langue du latin et l’Allemagne, dont la langue n’était pas d’origine latine mais qui subissait la très forte influence du latin à la fois pour les productions savantes et pour les écrits administratifs de la chancellerie des Habsbourg.
Die Etablierung der Mehrsprachigkeit und ihre Bedeutung im Militär der Habsburger Monarchie
Authors: Ernst Josef
Published: March 2024

Après avoir perdu quelques territoires lors des guerres dites de Succession (entre autres la Silésie, Parme et Plaisance), c’est surtout pour des raisons pragmatiques que l’impératrice Marie-Thérèse (en fait archiduchesse d’Autriche et reine de Hongrie et de Bohème) ordonna, entre autres réformes, une réforme dans le domaine militaire et éducatif. C’est ainsi que plusieurs académies militaires furent créées, avec des orientations, des classes d’âge différentes ou encore des origines distinctes des étudiants. L’un des réformateurs les plus connus dans le domaine de l’éducation militaire fut le comte Franz Joseph Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau, originaire de Prague, qui mettait l’accent sur les langues étrangères. En raison de son ascendance, il donnait même la priorité à la langue tchèque. Mais Kinsky rédigea également quelques écrits sur la structure et la méthode d’apprentissage des langues étrangères et détermina pareillement les manuels d’enseignement utilisés pour l’apprentissage de chaque langue étrangère. En tant que commandant des deux académies militaires de Vienne et de Wiener Neustadt, il eut également la position nécessaire pour imposer ces réformes. La communication directe avec les troupes constituait le pilier central du multilinguisme des officiers ainsi formés.
Pratiques langagières dans la Catalogne de l’époque moderne
Authors: Ledroit Mathias
Published: March 2024

La bibliographie consacrée à la situation linguistique de la Catalogne de l’époque moderne est abondante et il est parfois difficile de s’y retrouver pour un lectorat français, qui n’a pas nécessairement connaissance du processus de politisation que la langue a connu dans le dernier tiers du xixe siècle. Ce chapitre entend donc, dans un premier temps, proposer une synthèse des principales thèses auxquelles ont donné lieu les études historiques portant sur l’évolution du statut de la langue catalane entre l’introduction de la dynastie castillane des Trastamare à la suite du compromis de Caspe en 1412 et l’arrivée des Bourbons sur le trône d’Espagne au xviiie siècle. La seconde partie de la contribution s’attache aux pratiques langagières du Consell de Cent de Barcelone au xviie siècle, en observant une série de cas révélateurs offerts par les registres municipaux : les échanges épistolaires, l’activité diplomatique des Conseillers et certaines solennités accueillie par la ville.
Choix de spécialités au baccalauréat et classement sur Parcoursup : quels liens avec la réussite en première année dans l’enseignement supérieur ?
Authors: Vallet-Giannini Faustine , Morlaix Sophie
Published: March 2024

Dans le cadre de la politique de continuum Bac-3/Bac+3, deux réformes, la loi « Orientation et Réussite Étudiante » (ORE) et le nouveau baccalauréat 2021, visent le même objectif : accroître la réussite dans l’enseignement supérieur. La recherche proposée s’intéresse aux effets de ces deux réformes sur la réussite étudiante, à travers le choix des spécialités au bac et l’étude des classements des étudiants sur Parcoursup. À partir d’un échantillon de 1 689 étudiants inscrits en première année de licence (L1) dans une université française, la recherche ne fait pas ressortir de lien direct significatif entre l’ordre d’appel issu de Parcoursup et les performances académiques. En revanche, certaines spécialités choisies, notamment scientifiques, et en premier lieu les mathématiques, se révèlent particulièrement prédictives de la réussite des étudiants de L1.
What do we mean by constitutional supremacy?
Authors: Romeo Graziella
Published: March 2024

This paper offers a comment on Paolo Sandro’s “The making of constitutional democracy”. It discusses Sandro’s choice of defining modern constitutionalism as legal otherness from two perspectives. First, Sandro’s methodological option for discussing constitutional theory is addressed by looking at legal traditions, clarifying the extent to which comparative constitutional law can help the development of studies in legal theory. Second, it addresses the accounts of constitutionalism that Sandro introduces in his work to set the scene for the discussion of the conditions for the existence and endurance of constitutional democracy.
L’ethnomimétisme, ou les technologies 3D au service de la science du concret
Authors: Saumade Frédéric , Mourey Mathieu , Sarnet Thierry
Published: March 2024

Cet article présente un programme de recherches interdisciplinaires (I-Mat-MITI CNRS, anthropologie/sciences des matériaux) proposant une approche des techniques et objets traditionnels des sociétés nord-amérindiennes. Contextualisé par une analyse d’anthropologie critique et historique, le travail conjoint d’enquête et d’applications pratiques est régi par le concept d’« ethnomimétisme », désignant un mode de reproduction facsimilé des objets, fondé sur la précision ethnographique, documentaire et aidé par la 3D. Il pourrait ainsi répondre à différentes aspirations des autochtones : rapatriement d’un bien précieux, échange, quête de matériaux devenus rares ou protégés, valorisation des patrimoines culturel et muséographique, réhabilitation d’un savoir-faire perdu. Au-delà de l’étude de cas et de son aire géographique, la démarche ethnomimétique, inspirée par le biomimétisme, cherche également dans certaines options techniques observées dans les cultures matérielles amérindiennes des solutions ponctuelles à une ingénierie durable.
Influencing Factors and Modeling Methods of Vocal Music Teaching Quality Supported by Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Yuan Yang
Published: March 2024

In order to explore the maturity of online concerts and the digital content of music resources, this article analyzes the role of artificial intelligence in music education, discusses the application of artificial intelligence in music education and the development trend of artificial intelligence in education, and studies the quality of vocal music teaching based on artificial intelligence technology. In this paper, ARM and SA algorithms, as well as internal and external probability algorithms, are combined for research and analysis. Through this study, the authors show that human intelligence skills have a certain impact on vocal music teaching, with an impact rate of 56.42%. It can be seen that artificial intelligence can directly optimize the level of music teachers and promote the improvement of teachers' teaching quality and efficiency. This article improves the effective understanding of artificial intelligence in music education and strengthens the scientific and rational application of artificial intelligence in education.
Chicken UFL1 Restricts Avian Influenza Virus Replication by Disrupting the Viral Polymerase Complex and Facilitating Type I IFN Production
Authors: Li Weiqiang , Lin Yu , Wang Xiyi , Yang Huixing , Ding Yangbao , Chen Zuxian , He Zhuoliang , Zhang Junsheng , Zhao Luxiang , Jiao Peirong
Published: March 2024

During avian influenza virus (AIV) infection, host defensive proteins promote antiviral innate immunity or antagonize viral components to limit viral replication. UFM1-specific ligase 1 (UFL1) is involved in regulating innate immunity and DNA virus replication in mammals, but the molecular mechanism by which chicken (ch)UFL1 regulates AIV replication is unclear. In this study, we first identified chUFL1 as a negative regulator of AIV replication by enhancing innate immunity and disrupting the assembly of the viral polymerase complex. Mechanistically, chUFL1 interacted with chicken stimulator of IFN genes (chSTING) and contributed to chSTING dimerization and the formation of the STING-TBK1-IRF7 complex. We further demonstrated that chUFL1 promoted K63-linked polyubiquitination of chSTING at K308 to facilitate chSTING-mediated type I IFN production independent of UFMylation. Additionally, chUFL1 expression was upregulated in response to AIV infection. Importantly, chUFL1 also interacted with the AIV PA protein to inhibit viral polymerase activity. Furthermore, chUFL1 impeded the nuclear import of the AIV PA protein and the assembly of the viral polymerase complex to suppress AIV replication. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that chUFL1 restricts AIV replication by disrupting the viral polymerase complex and facilitating type I IFN production, which provides new insights into the regulation of AIV replication in chickens.
Ankle Scientific Knowledge and Physiotherapy Practice: A Thematic Analysis of Clinical Behaviors of French-Speaking Physiotherapists
Authors: Tourillon Romain , Delahunt Eamonn , Fourchet François , Picot Brice , M’Baye Massamba
Published: March 2024

Context

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is prevalent among individuals who sustain a lateral ankle sprain (LAS) injury. The persistence of the characteristic long-standing clinical symptoms of CAI may be attributable to the lack of adoption by physiotherapists of evidence-informed clinical guidelines.

Objective

To investigate the extent to which French-speaking physiotherapists implement the International Ankle Consortium rehabilitation-oriented assessment (ROAST) framework when providing clinical care for individuals with an acute LAS injury.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Online survey informed by a Delphi process of foot-ankle experts.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 426 French-speaking physiotherapists completed the online survey.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The survey was disseminated to French-speaking physiotherapists in France; Switzerland; Quebec, Canada; Luxembourg; and Belgium. It comprised closed and open-ended questions organized in 5 sections: (1) participant demographics, (2) participant self-assessment of expertise, (3) clinical diagnostic assessment of the ankle (bones and ligaments), (4) clinical evaluation after an acute LAS injury (ROAST framework), and (5) CAI. The qualitative data from the open-ended questions were analyzed using best-practice thematic-analysis guidelines.

Results

Only 6.3% (n = 27) of the respondents could name all Ottawa Ankle Rules criteria. Only 25.6% (n = 109) of the respondents cited or described criterion standard tests from the literature to assess the integrity of the lateral ankle ligaments. Less than 25% (n = 71) of the respondents reported using clinical evaluation outcome metrics (ROAST) recommended by the International Ankle Consortium to inform their clinical care for individuals with an acute LAS injury. In general, the respondents had a greater knowledge of the functional than the mechanical insufficiencies associated with CAI.

Conclusion

A minority of French-speaking physiotherapist survey respondents use the International Ankle Consortium ROAST to inform their clinical care for individuals with an acute LAS injury. This highlights the responsibility of the scientific community to better disseminate evidence-informed research to clinicians.
The Adolescent Patient Perspective on Activity Limitations After Sport-Related Concussion
Authors: Valovich McLeod Tamara C. , Williams Richelle M. , Snyder Valier Alison R.
Published: March 2024

Context

Assessment of sport-related concussion (SRC) has begun to include patient-reported outcome measures. However, understanding of which health limitations are most meaningful to adolescents after SRC is limited.

Objective

To explore patient-perceived activity limitations after SRC and throughout recovery to return to play and mapped according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) model.

Design

Longitudinal study.

Setting

Secondary school athletic training facilities.

Patients or Other Participants

Fifty patients (41 males, 5 females, 4 sex not reported, age = 14.9 ± 3.5 years, grade = 10.2 ± 0.93 level) with a medically diagnosed SRC.

Intervention(s)

The Patient Specific-Functional Scale (PSFS) was used to assess changes in the patient’s condition and the effect the injury posed on their ability to perform activities. The PSFS is a self-reported assessment of health used to identify activity limitations and rate the difficulty of performing those tasks. The PSFS was administered to patients on days 3 (D3) and 10 (D10) after SRC and at return to play.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Activities affected by injury were coded into common categories and themes by a 3-person research team for subsequent analysis. The coded themes were also mapped to the ICF domains, chapters, and categories. The dependent variables were the PSFS themes, number of activities endorsed, PSFS scores, ICF domains, chapters, and categories. Descriptive analyses and frequencies were reported for the dependent variables.

Results

A total of 157 different activities were identified at D3 and coded into 28 categories that fit into 6 themes: activities of daily living, cognitive and school (COG), sports and physical activity (SPA), screen time, sleep, and social. On D3, all patients (50/50) identified at least 1 activity limitation. Most related to SPA (37.6%) and COG (31.2%). Sixty percent of patients endorsed activity limitations at D10, primarily in COG (38.6%) and SPA (36.6%). All (100%) response categories were mapped to the ICF, with most (75%) fitting the activities and participation domain.

Conclusions

Our primary findings suggest that SRC influences many facets of the lives of adolescent athletes. Specifically, adolescent athletes identified activity restrictions primarily related to physical activity and sports participation.
Collegiate Adapted Athlete Baseline Performance on the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening
Authors: Moran Ryan N. , Curry Alexandra , Guin J. Russell , Stran Margaret
Published: March 2024

Context

Concussion assessment in adapted and parasport athletes has continued to evolve with growing considerations in parasports, but little is known about vestibular/ocular performance assessment in this sample.

Objective

To examine baseline performance on the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) in collegiate adapted athletes. A secondary objective was to investigate the role of sex, history of concussion, and functional classification on baseline measures.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

University adapted athletics facility.

Patients or Other Participants

Fifty-four collegiate adapted athletes (age = 21.19 ± 2.6 years) from multiple institutions’ adapted athletics programs across the United States.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Adapted athletes completed a baseline VOMS assessment while at the host university for in-season competition and tournaments. Independent variables were sex, history of concussion and functional classification (1.0–4.5 at 0.5 intervals). Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening performance consisted of pretest symptoms (headache, dizziness, nausea, and fogginess) and postitem (eg, smooth pursuits, saccades) symptom provocation or change from pretest scores.

Results

A proportion of 50.9% reported zero symptom provocation on the VOMS, with 72% having no pretest symptoms. No sex differences were noted on the VOMS (P > .05); however, adapted athletes with a history of concussion reported greater VOMS provocation on horizontal saccades (P = .008) than those with no history. Higher functional classifications (2.0–4.5) reported greater provocation on horizontal saccades (P = .010), horizontal and vertical (P = .043 and .048) vestibular/ocular reflex, and vestibular/ocular reflex cancellation (P = .036) than 1.0–1.5 athletes.

Conclusions

Our findings provide context for baseline VOMS performance in collegiate adapted athletes and identifying modifiers at baseline. Special consideration is warranted on vestibular and oculomotor assessment in adapted and parasport athletes with a history of concussion and higher functional classifications.
Optimal Coefficient of Variance Threshold to Minimize Hypoglycemia Risk in Individuals with Well-Controlled Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Yoo Jee Hee , Yang Seung Hee , Jin Sang-Man , Kim Jae Hyeon
Published: March 2024

Background: This study investigated the optimal coefficient of variance (%CV) for preventing hypoglycemia based on real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) data in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) already achieving their mean glucose (MG) target.Methods: Data from 172 subjects who underwent rt-CGM for at least 90 days and for whom 439 90-day glycemic profiles were available were analyzed. Receiver operator characteristic analysis was conducted to determine the cut-off value of %CV to achieve time below range (%TBR)<54 mg/dL <1 and =0.Results: Overall mean glycosylated hemoglobin was 6.8% and median %TBR<54 mg/dL was 0.2%. MG was significantly higher and %CV significantly lower in profiles achieving %TBR<54 mg/dL <1 compared to %TBR<54 mg/dL ≥1 (all P<0.001). The cut-off value of %CV for achieving %TBR<54 mg/dL <1 was 37.5%, 37.3%, and 31.0%, in the whole population, MG >135 mg/dL, and ≤135 mg/dL, respectively. The cut-off value for %TBR<54 mg/dL=0% was 29.2% in MG ≤135 mg/dL. In profiles with MG ≤135 mg/dL, 94.2% of profiles with a %CV <31 achieved the target of %TBR<54 mg/dL <1, and 97.3% with a %CV <29.2 achieved the target of %TBR<54 mg/ dL=0%. When MG was >135 mg/dL, 99.4% of profiles with a %CV <37.3 achieved %TBR<54 mg/dL <1.Conclusion: In well-controlled T1DM with MG ≤135 mg/dL, we suggest a %CV <31% to achieve the %TBR<54 mg/dL <1 target. Furthermore, we suggest a %CV <29.2% to achieve the target of %TBR<54 mg/dL =0 for people at high risk of hypoglycemia.
Oncological outcomes of post neo adjuvant chemotherapy breast conservation surgery in patients with locally advanced breast cancer
Authors: Bhargava Priyank , Suhani  , Parshad Rajinder , Bhattacharjee Hemanga K. , Haresh KP , Goyal Ankur , Manchanda Smita , Mathur Sandeep
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Breast cancer in India is phenotypically different with locally advanced breast cancers (LABCs) forming 30–50% of all cases. Use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), among other things has contributed to surgeons using breast conservation surgery (BCS) in very selected patients with good results. Herein, we describe the oncological outcomes of BCS in LABC patients undergoing surgery post NACT.

Patients and Methods:

This is an ambispective observational cohort study conducted between January 1996 and December 2019 after approval by Institute Ethics Committee, to study the ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) in patients with LABC undergoing BCS post NACT. The secondary objectives were to ascertain the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and factors associated with IBTR in these patients. Patients were staged according to the anatomic American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) VIII Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) classification and clinic-demographic, pathologic, treatment, and follow-up details were noted.

Results:

Out of 822 patients with LABC, 71 patients undergoing BCS post NACT were included. Average tumor size at presentation was 6.43 cm. The most common T stage was T3 (57.7%) and N stage was N1 (53.5%). The most common stage group was IIIB in 40.8%. Around 75% received anthracycline-based NACT with 28.2% having a complete clinical response. A pathological complete response was seen in 16 patients (22.5%). The mean follow-up duration was 6.14 years. A total of 25 patients had recurrences: five patients had IBTR (7%) and four had a local with regional recurrence. Two, 5, and 10 years OS were 94.0, 83.8, and 61.9%, respectively, and DFS were 87.8, 67.1, and 50.6%, respectively. A higher clinical T stage was associated with poor DFS (p = 0.01). The risk of IBTR was not found to significantly correlate with any of the standard prognostic factors.

Conclusion:

BCS post NACT in suitably selected patients of LABC is a safe and viable option without adversely affecting oncological outcomes.
Improving recognition accuracy for facial expressions using scattering wavelet
Authors: Davari Mehdi , Harooni Aryan , Nasr Afrooz , Savoji Kimia , Soleimani Masoumeh
Published: March 2024

One of the most evident and meaningful feedback about people’s emotions is through facial expressions. Facial expression recognition is helpful in social networks, marketing, and intelligent education systems. The use of Deep Learning based methods in facial expression identification is widespread, but challenges such as computational complexity and low recognition rate plague these methods. Scatter Wavelet is a type of Deep Learning that extracts features from Gabor filters in a structure similar to convolutional neural networks. This paper presents a new facial expression recognition method based on wavelet scattering that identifies six states: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. The proposed method is simulated using the JAFFE and CK+ databases. The recognition rate of the proposed method is 99.7%, which indicates the superiority of the proposed method in recognizing facial expressions.
Deep Learning Techniques for Identification of Different Malvaceae Plant Leaf Diseases
Authors: Nichat Mangesh K , Yedey Sanjay E
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: The precise and timely detection of plant diseases plays a crucial role in ensuring efficient crop management and disease control. Nevertheless, conventional methods of disease identification, which heavily rely on manual visual inspection, are often time-consuming and susceptible to human error. The knowledge acquired from this research paper enhances the overall comprehension of the discipline and offers valuable direction for future progressions in the application of deep learning for the identification of plant diseases.[1][2]
AIM: to investigate the utilization of deep learning techniques in identifying various Malvaceae plant diseases.
METHODS: AlexNet, VGG, Inception, REsNet and other CNN architectures are analyzed on Malvaceae plant diseases specially on Cotton, Ocra and Hibiscus, different data collection methods ,Data augmentation and Normalization techniques.
RESULTS: Inception V4 have Training Accuracy 98.58%, VGG-16 have Training Accuracy 84.27%, ResNet-50 have Training Accuracy 98.72%, DenseNet have Training Accuracy 98.87%, Inception V4 have Training Loss 0.01%, VGG-16 have Training Loss 0.52%, ResNet-50 have Training Loss 6.12%, DenseNet have Training Loss 0.016%, Inception V4 have Test Accuracy 97.59%, VGG-16 have Test accuracy 82.75%, ResNet-50 have Test Accuracy 98.73%, DenseNet have Test Accuracy 99.81%, Inception V4 have Test Loss 0.0586%, VGG-16 have Test Loss 0.64%, ResNet-50 have Test Loss 0.027%, DenseNet have Test Loss 0.0154% .
CONCLUSION: conclusion summarizes the key findings and highlights the potential of deep learning as a valuable tool for accurate and efficient identification of Malvaceae plant diseases.
A Review: Machine Learning and Data Mining Approaches for Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis and Prediction
Authors: Srinivasa Rao Gorapalli , Muneeswari G
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death worldwide, and its prevalence is rising in low-resource settings and among those with lower incomes.
OBJECTIVES: Machine learning (ML) algorithms are quickly evolving and being implemented in medical procedures for CVD diagnosis and treatment decisions. Every day, the healthcare business creates massive amounts of data. However, the majority of it is inadequately utilized. Efficient techniques for extracting knowledge from these datasets for clinical diagnosis or other uses are scarce.
METHODS: ML is being applied in the healthcare industry all over the world. In the health dataset, ML approaches useful in the prevention of locomotor disorders and heart disease.
RESULTS: The revelation of such vital information allows researchers to acquire significant insight into how to use the proper treatment and diagnosis for a specific patient. Researchers study enormous volumes of complex healthcare data using various ML approaches, which improves healthcare professionals in disease prediction.
CONCLUSION: The goal of this study is to summarize some of the current research on predicting heart diseases utilizing machine learning and data mining techniques, analyze the various mining algorithm combinations employed, and determine which techniques are useful and efficient. Future directions in prediction systems have also been considered.
Dynamics of a one-dimensional nonlinear poroelastic system weakly damped
Authors: Dos Santos Manoel , Freitas Mirelson , Ramos Anderson
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we study the long-time behavior of a nonlinear porous elasticity system. The system is subject to a viscoporous damping and a nonlinear source term which is locally Lipschitz and depends only on the volume fraction. The dynamical system associated with the solutions of the model is gradient, and under the hypothesis of equal speeds of propagation for the waves, we prove that it is also quasi-stable, which allows us to show the existence of a global attractor for the system, which is the main result of the paper.
Induction Hardening of Steel Parts
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: March 2024

This specification defines the requirements for locally hardening steel parts by the induction hardening method.
Dwadzieścia lat od ataków w Madrycie. Problematyka bezpieczeństwa antyterrorystycznego Hiszpanii
Authors: Izak Krzysztof
Published: March 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przyczyn, chronologicznego przebiegu i skutków ataków przeprowadzonych 11 marca 2004 r. w Madrycie, z uwzględnieniem różnic i sprzeczności w doniesieniach na temat tych wydarzeń. Autor analizuje działania podejmowane przez władze Hiszpanii dla zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa antyterrorystycznego w kraju, w tym utworzenie struktur do walki z islamskim terroryzmem i muzułmańskim ekstremizmem. Omawia ponadto problemy i wyzwania wpływające na stan bezpieczeństwa państwa, z którymi mierzą się hiszpańskie służby walczące z przemocą polityczną i nielegalną migracją ludności z państw podwyższonego ryzyka.
Między konfliktem zbrojnym a terroryzmem państwowym – szczególne indywidualne środki ograniczające przyjęte w Polsce w kontekście wojny w Ukrainie i sytuacji w Białorusi. Perspektywa prawna
Authors: Cichomski Mariusz
Published: March 2024

Agresja Federacji Rosyjskiej na Ukrainę w 2022 r. oraz działania Białorusi, zarówno wewnętrzne, jak i te wspierające Rosję, spowodowały liczne zmiany w wymiarze geopolitycznym wykraczające poza kontynent europejski. Skutkowały one również podjęciem szczególnych środków prawnych, zarówno na poziomie Unii Europejskiej, jak i w Polsce w kwestii przeciwdziałania wspieraniu tej agresji. Celem artykułu jest omówienie rozwiązań prawnych przyjętych w Polsce, które dotyczą środków ograniczających wobec osób i podmiotów. Środki te zostały wprowadzone Ustawą z dnia 13 kwietnia 2022 r. o szczególnych rozwiązaniach w zakresie przeciwdziałania wspieraniu agresji na Ukrainę oraz służących ochronie bezpieczeństwa narodowego. W artykule określono relacje do mechanizmów zawartych w rozporządzeniach Unii Europejskiej, a także wskazano potrzebę zmian prawnych mających na celu przyjęcie stałych systemowych rozwiązań w zakresie stosowania krajowych środków ograniczających.
The Wagner Group in Africa. The sham battle of Russian mercenaries against terrorism
Authors: Olech Aleksander
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the Wagner Group has significantly increased its presence in several African countries. Russian mercenaries have become involved in many conflicts in an effort to expand their influence. One of their main tasks was to fight against terrorism. The analyses carried out, in which the author used qualitative methods and sources relating to the theoretical and practical dimensions of the issue at hand, indicate that the Wagnerists have been posing as their operations in order to maintain military presence on the African continent. Intensifying the Wagner Group’s presence is a long-term strategy of the Kremlin, which pursues interests along two tracks – benefiting from cooperation at the state level and engaging mercenaries. Countries of the wider West (members of the North Atlantic Alliance and the European Union) are also seeking to develop cooperation with African partners. Terrorist organisations also intend to fight for influence on the continent. In this regard, it is necessary to constantly monitor Russia’s proactive foreign policy aimed at the rivalry as it affects the presence of Poland and its allies in Africa.
Between armed conflict and state terrorism - specific individual restrictive measures adopted in Poland in the context of the war in Ukraine and the situation in Belarus. Legal perspective
Authors: Cichomski Mariusz
Published: March 2024

The aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in 2022 and the actions of Belarus, both at the internal level and in support of Russia, have caused numerous changes in the geopolitical dimension, with consequences reaching beyond the European continent. They also resulted in the adoption of specific legal measures, both at the European Union and national levels, to counteract support for this aggression. The aim of this study is to present national legal solutions regarding restrictive measures against persons and entities that were introduced by the Act on special solutions for counteracting support for aggression against Ukraine and for the protection of national security. The article sets out their relationship to the mechanisms contained in European Union regulations and identifies the need for legal changes to adopt permanent systemic solutions for the application of national restrictive measures.
Characterization of the life cycle carbon footprint of the automobile industry in the Republic of Korea by environmentally extended input-output model
Authors: Park Yujin , Putra Agusta Samodra , Park Hung-Suck , Kim Junbeum
Published: March 2024

The automobile industry is a major economic driver in Republic of Korea (Korea). However, little is known about its climate change contribution. This study estimates the direct and indirect greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions of the Korean automobile industry for the first time, by using a 2017 environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) model integrated by energy balance, GHG inventory and input-output table of 2017. The results show that the final demand of Korean automobile industry led to 8.4% of national GHG emissions in 2017, mostly because of indirect emissions embodied in the supply chain. The study also found that the Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 emissions on average accounted for 3.0%, 2.9%, and 94.7%, respectively. This highlights the contribution of the upstream supply chain such as primary metals (40.9%) and electricity (32.5%) when assessing the GHG emissions. Finally, the study underscores that carbon taxes could have a significant impact on the competitiveness of automobile export. Overall, this study provides valuable insights on countermeasures by identifying the GHG emissions characteristics of the automobile industry. The results of the study could be used to develop policies and strategies to reduce the GHG emissions and promote sustainable practices in the Korean automobile industry.
Metal organic framework (MOF): Synthesis and fabrication for the application of electrochemical sensing
Authors: Lalawmpuia Ricky , Lalhruaitluangi Melody , Lalhmunsiama  , Tiwari Diwakar
Published: March 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) are a class of porous hybrid materials of metal ions linked by organic bridging ligands. These materials consist of different families of crystalline frameworks with metal ions and metal-ion clusters linked by the coordination bonds with suitable organic ligands. These porous materials possess high surface area, variable pore sizes, various functions, and excellent thermal stability. As a result, these unique and tailored MOF materials found varied applications in electrochemical sensor development. The review critically examines the approach to synthesizing a wide range of MOF compounds. The utilization of MOF in fabricating a small-scale sensor device demonstrates the ability to detect various water contaminants in aquatic environments. Moreover, it showcased an in-depth advancement in sensor and device development utilizing MOFs materials. The efficient use of electrochemical sensors is discussed critically and presents these studies’ challenges and future perspectives.
Vorhersagen und Kontrollieren: Verhaltenswissen und Verhaltenspolitik in der Zeitgeschichte
Authors: Graf Rüdiger
Published: March 2024

Das Buch untersucht den Aufstieg des Verhaltenswissens seit der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts sowie dessen praktische und politische Konsequenzen Die Frage, wie menschliches Verhalten beeinflusst werden kann, ist in der jüngsten Zeitgeschichte virulenter geworden. Auf der Basis verhaltenswissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse versprechen Expert:innen, Menschen durch subtile Interventionen glücklicher, gesünder und wohlhabender zu machen. Zugleich haben die Digitalisierung und Datafizierung unserer Welt Ängste vor einer umfassenden Verhaltensmanipulation und -kontrolle verschärft. Das Buch zeigt, dass es keineswegs selbstverständlich ist, Menschen nicht als handelnde Subjekte, sondern als sich verhaltende Organismen zu begreifen. Es untersucht, wie seit der Behavioral Revolution in der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts in verschiedenen Wissensfeldern, von den Wirtschafts- über die Psychowissenschaften bis zur Kriminologie, ein spezifisches Verhaltenswissen entwickelt wurde. Davon ausgehend analysiert es dessen Bedeutung für den Wandel politischer Steuerungstechniken vor allem in Bezug auf das Umwelt-, Gesundheits- und Finanzverhalten seit den 1970er Jahren.
Exploiting Small-Norm Polynomial Multiplication with Physical Attacks
Authors: Bronchain Olivier , Azouaoui Melissa , ElGhamrawy Mohamed , Renes Joost , Schneider Tobias
Published: March 2024

We present a set of physical profiled attacks against CRYSTALS-Dilithium that accumulate noisy knowledge on secret keys over multiple signatures, finally leading to a full key recovery attack. The methodology is composed of two steps. The first step consists of observing or inserting a bias in the posterior distribution of sensitive variables. The second step is an information processing phase which is based on belief propagation and effectively exploits that bias. The proposed concrete attacks rely on side-channel information, induced faults or possibly a combination of the two. Interestingly, the adversary benefits most from this previous knowledge when targeting the released signatures, however, the latter are not strictly necessary. We show that the combination of a physical attack with the binary knowledge of acceptance or rejection of a signature also leads to exploitable information on the secret key. Finally, we demonstrate that this approach is also effective against shuffled implementations of CRYSTALS-Dilithium.
Load-Balanced Parallel Implementation on GPUs for Multi-Scalar Multiplication Algorithm
Authors: Chen Yutian , Peng Cong , Dai Yu , Luo Min , He Debiao
Published: March 2024

Multi-scalar multiplication (MSM) is an important building block in most of elliptic-curve-based zero-knowledge proof systems, such as Groth16 and PLONK. Recently, Lu et al. proposed cuZK, a new parallel MSM algorithm on GPUs. In this paper, we revisit this scheme and present a new GPU-based implementation to further improve the performance of MSM algorithm. First, we propose a novel method for mapping scalars into Pippenger’s bucket indices, largely reducing the number of buckets compared to the original Pippenger algorithm. Second, in the case that memory is sufficient, we develop a new efficient algorithm based on homogeneous coordinates in the bucket accumulation phase. Moreover, our accumulation phase is load-balanced, which means the parallel speedup ratio is almost linear growth as the number of device threads increases. Finally, we also propose a parallel layered reduction algorithm for the bucket aggregation phase, whose time complexity remains at the logarithmic level of the number of buckets. The implementation results over the BLS12-381 curve on the V100 graphics card show that our proposed algorithm achieves up to 1.998x, 1.821x and 1.818x speedup compared to cuZK at scales of 221, 222, and 223, respectively.
A Low-Latency High-Order Arithmetic to Boolean Masking Conversion
Authors: Liu Jiangxue , Zhao Cankun , Peng Shuohang , Yang Bohan , Zhao Hang , Han Xiangdong , Zhu Min , Wei Shaojun , Liu Leibo
Published: March 2024

Masking, an effective countermeasure against side-channel attacks, is commonly applied in modern cryptographic implementations. Considering cryptographic algorithms that utilize both Boolean and arithmetic masking, the conversion algorithm between arithmetic masking and Boolean masking is required. Conventional high-order arithmetic masking to Boolean masking conversion algorithms based on Boolean circuits suffer from performance overhead, especially in terms of hardware implementation. In this work, we analyze high latency for the conversion and propose an improved high-order A2B conversion algorithm. For the conversion of 16-bit variables, the hardware latency can be reduced by 47% in the best scenario. For the case study of second-order 32-bit conversion, the implementation results show that the improved scheme reduces the clock cycle latency by 42% in hardware and achieves a 30% speed performance improvement in software. Theoretically, a security proof of arbitrary order is provided for the proposed high-order A2B conversion. Experimental validations are performed to verify the second-order DPA resistance of second-order implementation. The Test Vector Leakage Assessment does not observe side-channel leakage for hardware and software implementations.
Laser-Based Command Injection Attacks on Voice-Controlled Microphone Arrays
Authors: Shi Hetian , He Yi , Wang Qing , Zhuge Jianwei , Li Qi , Liu Xin
Published: March 2024

Voice-controlled (VC) systems, such as mobile phones and smart speakers, enable users to operate smart devices through voice commands. Previous works (e.g., LightCommands) show that attackers can trigger VC systems to respond to various audio commands by injecting light signals. However, LightCommands only discusses attacks on devices with a single microphone, while new devices typically use microphone arrays with sensor fusion technology for better capturing sound from different distances. By replicating LightCommands’s experiments on the new devices, we find that simply extending the light scope (just as they do) to overlap multiple microphone apertures is inadequate to wake up the device with sensor fusion. Adapting LightCommands’s approach to microphone arrays is challenging due to their requirement for multiple sound amplifiers, and each amplifier requires an independent power driver with unique settings. The number of additional devices increases with the microphone aperture count, significantly increasing the complexity of implementing and deploying the attack equipment. With a growing number of devices adopting sensor fusion to distinguish the sound location, it is essential to propose new approaches to adapting the light injection attacks to these new devices. To address these problems, we propose a lightweight microphone array laser injection solution called LCMA (Laser Commands for Microphone Array), which can use a single laser controller to manipulate multiple laser points and simultaneously target all the apertures of a microphone array and input light waves at different frequencies. Our key design is to propose a new PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) based control signal algorithm that can be implemented on a single MCU and directly control multiple lasers via different PWM output channels. Moreover, LCMA can be remotely configured via BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy). These features allow our solution to be deployed on a drone to covertly attack the targets hidden inside the building. Using LCMA, we successfully attack 29 devices. The experiment results show that LCMA is robust on the newest devices such as the iPhone 15, and the control panel of the Tesla Model Y.
High-Performance Design Patterns and File Formats for Side-Channel Analysis
Authors: Bosland Jonah , Ene Stefan , Baumgartner Peter , Immler Vincent
Published: March 2024

Data and instruction dependent power consumption can reveal cryptographic secrets by means of Side-Channel Analysis (SCA). Consequently, manufacturers and evaluation labs perform thorough testing of cryptographic implementations to confirm their security. Unfortunately, the computation and storage needs for the resulting measurement data can be substantial and at times, limit the scope of their analyses. Therefore, it is surprising that only few publications study the efficient computation and storage of side-channel analysis related data.To address this gap, we discuss high-performance design patterns and how they align with characteristics of different file formats. More specifically, we perform an in-depth analysis of common side-channel analysis algorithms and how they can be implemented for maximum performance. At the same time, we focus on storage requirements and how to reduce them, by applying compression and chunking.In addition, we investigate and benchmark popular SCA frameworks. Moreover, we propose SCARR, a proof of concept SCA framework based on the file format Zarr, that outperforms all considered frameworks in several common algorithms (SNR, TVLA, CPA, MIA) by a factor of about two compared to the thus far fastest framework for a given profile. Most notably, in all tested scenarios, we are faster even with file compression, than other frameworks without compression. We are convinced that the presented design patterns and comparative study will benefit the greater side-channel community, help practitioners to improve their own frameworks, and reduce data storage requirements, associated costs, and lower computation/energy demands of SCA, as required to perform more testing at scale.