bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Type 2 Fibroblast Growth Factor in Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Mohammadipour Hamideh Sadat , Forouzanfar Fatemeh , Forouzanfar Ali
Published: November 2020

:

The prevalence of periodontitis is around 20-50% in the global population. If it is not
treated, it can cause tooth loss. Periodontal treatment aims at preserving the patient's teeth from
various damages, including infection control and restoring lost periodontal tissue. The periodontium
has great biological regenerative potential, and several biomaterials can be used to improve the
outcome of periodontal treatment. To achieve the goal of periodontal tissue regeneration, numerous
studies have used fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) to stimulate the regeneration of both the soft
tissue and bone.

:

FGF2 induced a significant increment in the percentage of bone fill, bone mineral levels of the defect
sites, length of the regenerated periodontal ligament, angiogenesis, connective tissue formation
on the root surface, formation of dense fibers bound to the alveolar bone and newly synthesized cementum
in teeth. This review will open further avenues to better understand the FGF2 therapy for
periodontal regeneration.
Role of MicroRNAs (224 and 96) as Novel Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mohamed Amal A. , El-Zawahry Mokhtar M. , Tantawi Omnia I. , Aalkhalegy Amyan , Fathalla Lamiaa Abdelfattah , Abo-Amer Yousry Esam-Eldin , Elmaghraby Mostafa Bedair , Elhoseeny Mohamed Mahmoud , El-Abgeegy Mohamed , Mostafa Sahar Mohamed , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Badawy Ingy
Published: November 2020

Background::

In the early stages of HCC, it is unsatisfactory to depend on alpha-fetoprotein for diagnosis.

Objective::

The current study evaluated the possibility of the two miRNAs which are miRNA-96 and miRNA-224 to act as biomarkers for HCC diagnosis.

Methods::

This study included 50 patients with HCV-induced HCC and 50 patients with HCV-induced liver cirrhosis for comparison as well as 67 healthy volunteers as controls. All participants were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations as well as quantification of serum miRNA-96 and miRNA-224 by real-time quantitative PCR.

Results::

MicroRNA 224 level was significantly higher in HCC than the other two groups and was significantly higher in liver cirrhosis than the control group. MicroRNA 96 level was higher in HCC than the control group and was higher in cirrhotic group than both HCC and control groups. However, it doesn’t reach the statistical significance level. The best cut-off value of microRNA 96 for detecting HCC was 3.414 with a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 67%, (p-value
<0.001). The best cut-off value of microRNA 224 for detecting HCC was 16.75 with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 85% (p-value<0.001).

Conclusion::

miRNA-224 could serve as a biomarker for the HCC diagnosis.
An Update to Enterococcal Bacteremia: Epidemiology, Resistance, and
Outcome
Authors: Jafari Sirous , Abdollahi Alireza , Sabahi Marjan , Salehi Mohammadreza , Asadollahi-Amin Ali , Hasannezhad Malihe , Seifi Arash
Published: November 2020

Background::

An increase in resistant gram-positive cocci, especially enterococci, requires an epidemiologic re-assay and its results may affect empirical treatments for these infections.

Objective::

In this study, we investigated the microbial epidemiology and resistance pattern of enterococcal bacteremia.

Methods::

This study was a cross-sectional study that investigates all cases of positive blood cultures with Enterococcus spp. at a tertiary referral colligates hospital in Tehran in 2018.

Results::

Enterococcus spp. was isolated from blood cultures of a total of 73 patients. The most patients were male 42 (57.7%). The mean age of the patients was 58.8 (±18.8) years. Hospital-acquired infection was the most type of infection involving enterococcal bacteremia (80.8%) comparing with community-acquired (6.7%) and health care-associated (12.3%). Renal failure and cancer were the most underlying disease in E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively. Mortality for Vanco-mycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) was approximately two times more than the sensitive ones. Between the dead/alive groups, the following items were different significantly (P.Value<0.05): Vancomycin resistance for enterococcus isolated, immunodeficiency as underlying disease, Mechanical ventilation, hospitalization period, and the empiric regimen.

Conclusion::

Increased antibiotic-resistant strains, especially Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), pose a serious threat to the general public, especially hospitalized patients, and increase mortality. Surveillance of microorganisms and antimi-crobial resistance is a crucial part of an efficient health care system.
Comparative Analysis of miRNA Expressions in Different Developmental Stages of Echinococcus granulosus in Mono-Phasic and Di-Phasic Culture Systems
Authors: Mortezaei Seifollah , Afgar Ali , Sadeghi Balal , Mohammadi Mohammad Ali , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad , Harandi Majid Fasihi
Published: November 2020

Background:

The dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus, is a zoonotic parasite affecting
humans and livestock across the globe. Basic research on the molecular biology and genetics of
E. granulosus improves our understanding of the biology and potential drug targets in various developmental
stages of E. granulosus in both definitive and intermediate hosts. There has been increasing
interest in the identification of microRNAs in parasitic organisms. The purpose of the current
study was to compare the activity of a selected profile of miRNAs in different developmental
stages of E. granulosus.

Methods:

Different developmental stages of the parasite were obtained from ex vivo as well as in
vitro cultured E. granulosus. MicroRNAs were extracted from the ex vivo germinal layer and invaginated
protoscoleces as well as the in vitro generated microcysts, evaginated protoscoleces, and
strobilated worms. The expression of the selected miRNAs was evaluated by RT-qPCR for each
stage.

Results::

Four out of five miRNAs were present and active in different developmental stages of E.
granulosus. A significant over-expression of miR-61 was observed in the germinal layer and during
the protoscolex transformation into the microcysts, however, miR-10 was more expressed in
the mature strobilated forms than in the other stages. Let-7 and miR-3489 showed a high expression
in the germinal layer.

Conclusion:

Differential expression of four miRNAs among different in vitro and ex vivo developmental
stages of E. granulosus was documented in the present study. Further experimental investigations
are required to elucidate the probable role of the miRNAs in bi-directional differentiation
of protoscoleces either into the strobilated worm or to a secondary hydatid cyst and the potential of
these miRNAs as drug targets.
Serum Levels of miR-223-3p and miR-223-5p in Prostate Diseases
Authors: Dülgeroğlu Yakup , Eroğlu Onur
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in males and the
fifth in cancer-associated mortality. Although the Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test is widely used
in PCa screenings, it has significant limitations in the differential diagnosis of PCa. Therefore, studies
on developing new biomarkers for PCa diagnosis are ongoing. MiRNAs are good candidate biomarkers
for the diagnosis of cancers, including prostate cancer, as they can be easily detected from
circulation.

Objective:

In this study, it is aimed to determine the diagnostic value of serum levels of miR-223-3p
and -223-5p in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH), Chronic Prostatitis (CP) and Prostate Cancer
(PCa).

Methods:

Serum samples were collected from 68 patients in total (25 BPH, 10 CP, 33 PCa). MiR-223-
3p and -223-5p levels were measured in serum with qRT-PCR. The Ct values of miRNAs were normalized
according to the Ct value of ce-miR-39 and calculated -ΔCt values were used for statistical
analyses.

Results:

The serum levels of miR-223-3p and -223-5p were downregulated in the PCa and CP groups,
compared to the BPH group. There was no statistically significant difference between PCa and CP
groups. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-223-3p, -223-5p and their combination were calculated
as 88% and 88%; 86% and 79%; 93% and 92% in discriminating BPH and PCa groups, respectively.

Conclusion:

In this study, it was shown that miR-223-3p and -223-5p were both detectable in circulation.
miR-223-3p, -223-5p, and their combination may be good candidate biomarkers for prostate cancer
diagnosis. Also, observation of similar serum levels of miR-223-3p and -223-5p between CP and
PCa groups suggests that miR-223 may play a role in prostate cancer development originated from
chronic inflammation.
Development of a Hybrid First Principles-ANN Model for the Steam Hydrator in a Calcium Looping Process
Authors: Dutta Shreyasi , Shrinkhla  , Kallangodan Mohamed Khalil , Gurumoorthy Anand VP
Published: November 2020

One of the promising technologies for isolating carbon dioxide from a mixture
of industrial flue gases is the calcium looping process. This process involves a reversible
reaction between sorbent Calcium Oxide and Carbon Dioxide. Because sorbent loses its
activity after multiple cycles, hydration step was proposed, which is another reversible
reaction where deactivated sorbent is treated with steam to form Ca(OH)2, which undergoes
the backward reaction to give back the regenerated sorbent. Blamey et al. (2016)
developed a shrinking core model based on which, studies were carried out on a small
experimental reactor. This paper aims at developing a hybrid model by combining first
principles model and an ANN model for improved prediction of the conversion in hydration
of calcium looping process and to scale it up for optimal operations. The hybrid
model is tested for various combinations of training variables and data sets with respect to
temperature and cycle number and it is found that the hybrid model indeed gives better
results. The performance prediction of Hybrid modelling is compared to the individual
performance prediction of the ANN model and First principles approach.
A moderna expansão humana e a (re)descoberta do invisível: uma leitura geográfica da pandemia
Authors: Mendes Rui
Published: November 2020

A pandemia do COVID19 em que o mundo mergulhou acentua a necessidade reflexão sobre o papel do ser humano na disrupção a que assistimos na vida do nosso planeta. Tendo como pano de fundo o debate sobre uma nova Era geológica marcada pela ação do Homem – o Antropoceno – e o seu papel transformador sobre o planeta, incorporamos uma perspetiva geográfica na análise dos elementos potenciadores da eclosão de epidemias/pandemias. Fatores como o crescimento demográfico e a urbanização, as alterações climáticas e o seu impacto transversal no planeta e na sociedade, a desflorestação e a perda de biodiversidade, as redes de transporte e a mobilidade são elementos considerados como (co)responsáveis pela pandemia e multiplicadores de situações de crises futuras.
Predicted Influences of Artificial Intelligence on the Domains of Nursing: Scoping Review
Authors: Buchanan Christine , Howitt M Lyndsay , Wilson Rita , Booth Richard G , Risling Tracie , Bamford Megan
Published: November 2020

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) is set to transform the health system, yet little research to date has explored its influence on nurses—the largest group of health professionals. Furthermore, there has been little discussion on how AI will influence the experience of person-centered compassionate care for patients, families, and caregivers.

Objective

This review aims to summarize the extant literature on the emerging trends in health technologies powered by AI and their implications on the following domains of nursing: administration, clinical practice, policy, and research. This review summarizes the findings from 3 research questions, examining how these emerging trends might influence the roles and functions of nurses and compassionate nursing care over the next 10 years and beyond.

Methods

Using an established scoping review methodology, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central, Education Resources Information Center, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were searched. In addition to the electronic database searches, a targeted website search was performed to access relevant gray literature. Abstracts and full-text studies were independently screened by 2 reviewers using prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included articles focused on nursing and digital health technologies that incorporate AI. Data were charted using structured forms and narratively summarized.

Results

A total of 131 articles were retrieved from the scoping review for the 3 research questions that were the focus of this manuscript (118 from database sources and 13 from targeted websites). Emerging AI technologies discussed in the review included predictive analytics, smart homes, virtual health care assistants, and robots. The results indicated that AI has already begun to influence nursing roles, workflows, and the nurse-patient relationship. In general, robots are not viewed as replacements for nurses. There is a consensus that health technologies powered by AI may have the potential to enhance nursing practice. Consequently, nurses must proactively define how person-centered compassionate care will be preserved in the age of AI.

Conclusions

Nurses have a shared responsibility to influence decisions related to the integration of AI into the health system and to ensure that this change is introduced in a way that is ethical and aligns with core nursing values such as compassionate care. Furthermore, nurses must advocate for patient and nursing involvement in all aspects of the design, implementation, and evaluation of these technologies.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/17490
The Effect of Video Presentation and Printed Reading Materials on Pupils’ Comprehension Skills
Authors: Gonzales Janene E.
Published: November 2020

The study on the Effect of Video Presentation and Printed Reading Materials on the Pupils’ Comprehension skills was conducted on the pupils of St. Scholastica’s Academy in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental Philippines. This study was only limited to the Four Levels of Comprehension namely: Literal, Inferential, Evaluative, and Appreciative Comprehension. Based on the results of the tests, it showed that there was an increase in scores. The pretest scores of the Experimental Group is 4.53 the Controlled Group is 4.47. The posttest score of both groups is 5.08. Results presented that the Controlled Group has a higher mean difference. The Mean and T-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means were used to interpret the data gathered. Comparing the two values, the T-test shows that the difference of 0.056 between the values is not significant wherein the p-value is equivalent to 0.862.It was recommended that the administrators must ensure that the educators must be prepared in implementing technology inside the classroom. The teachers must check the current standing of the pupils to determine the strength and weaknesses in comprehension. The parents should let their children explore technology and books; and further studies must focus on the upper level to determine if there are changes on the different grade levels as well determine the factors that affect the student’s learning: motivation, learning style and strategies, learning environment, and classroom pedagogy.
Особенности концентрационного влияния гидротермального нанокремнезема при предпосевной обработке семян растений на показатели энергии прорастания и всхожести в лабораторном темновом проращивании
Authors: Зеленков В.Н. , Латушкин В.В. , Потапов В.В. , Карпачев В.В. , Косолапов В.М. , Синеговская В.Т. , Иванова М.И. , Лапин А.А. , Верник П.А.
Published: November 2020

Исследование посвящено изучению влияния гидротермального нанокремнезема (ГНК) разных концентраций (0,05; 0,01; 0,005; 0,001 и 0,0005%) на прорастание семян 11 сельскохозяйственных растений (15 генотипов). Установлено четыре типа реакции прорастающих семян на воздействие наночастиц SiO2 в указанном диапазоне концентраций. Данные закономерности характерны как для показателя "энергия прорастания семян", так и для показателя "всхожесть семян", однако они не всегда совпадают для одной и той же культуры и сорта. Во многих случаях ГНК способствует повышению энергии прорастания семян (на ранней стадии прорастания) в большей степени, чем всхожести.
Физико-химические свойства углеродных и фторуглеродных покрытий, полученные осаждением из газовой фазы при атмосферном давлении в динамическом режиме нанесения
Authors: Шведов А.В. , Елисон Е.М. , Щур П.А.
Published: November 2020

В работе показана возможность формирования углеродных и фторуглеродных покрытий в непрерывном (динамическом) режиме осаждения из газовой фазы при атмосферном давлении с использованием низкочастотного плазмотрона низкотемпературной плазмы. Установлен контактный угол смачивания полученных покрытий, и проведено исследование с помощью АСМ.
Los procesos de gestión de documentos en la Ley General de Archivos de México: análisis de contenido desde una perspectiva cuantitativa
Authors: Bonal-Zazo José-Luis , Ortego-de-Lorenzo-Cáceres María-Pilar
Published: November 2020

Se analizan las referencias sobre procesos de creación, captura y gestión de documentos en la Ley General de Archivos (LGA) de México mediante una metodología cuantitativa de análisis de contenido, la cual permite valorar, tanto de forma absoluta como ponderada, la presencia de seis grandes categorías de procesos en la LGA: Valoración y disposición; Conservación y preservación; Organización y descripción; Acceso y transparencia; Difusión, y, por último, Producción y seguimiento de documentos; así como el enfoque bajo el que es tratada cada una de las categorías (actividades, agentes o  elementos). Mediante la metodología apuntada, se han identificado 347 referencias sobre las categorías señaladas, con un valor ponderado global de 301 puntos, la mayoría de los cuales corresponden a las categorías de Valoración y disposición (29.40 %); Conservación y preservación (26.58 %); Organización y descripción (18.44 %), y Acceso y transparencia (15.94 %); mientras que las dos categorías restantes presentan valores inferiores a 6 %. El análisis de los resultados permite concluir que en la LGA se conjugan procesos archivísticos tradicionales con procesos más novedosos, como trazabilidad, interoperabilidad, seguridad de información o gestión de metadatos.
Development of Technology for Robotic Laser Welding of Thin-Walled Products from Heat-Resistant Alloys
Authors: Krylova S. E. , Oplesnin S. P. , Fot A. P. , Ibragimov A. U. , Zavyalov V. A.
Published: November 2020

Рассмотрены результаты разработки режимов роботизированной лазерной сварки пространственных сварных соединений тонкостенных изделий из жаропрочных сталей. Обоснована актуальность применения данного способа получения неразъемных соединений для крупногабаритных тонкостенных конструкций авиационной промышленности. Оговорены технологические сложности и условия модернизации роботизированного лазерного комплекса на базе непрерывного твердотельного лазера ЛС-2 для реализации технологии сварки пространственных элементов из жаропрочных сплавов. На основе структурных и дюрометрических исследований подтверждены преимущества контактной лазерной сварки без присадочной проволоки. Указаны оптимизированные параметры режима лазерной роботизированной сварки для сплава ХН50ВМКТЮР. Показана возможность управления свойствами сварного соединения посредством увеличения вкладываемой мощности лазерного излучения в пределах 0,7…1,8 кВт и скорости сварки в пределах 150…200 м/ч. Приведены сравнительные исследования влияния параметров различных способов производственной сварки на металлографию сварного шва и технологическую прочность сварного соединения.Анализ микроструктуры показал, что литая структура сварного шва, полученного лазерной сваркой, отличается от структуры, полученной классическими способами сварки, характерным мелкоячеистым дисперсным строением дендритных кристаллов и значительно меньшей по протяженности зоной термического влияния до 2…2,2 мм. Сварное соединение при этом обладает прочностью, не уступающей основному металлу, и пластичностью, отвечающей всем эксплуатационным требованиям к изделию. Установлено, что по границам ячеисто-дендритной структуры при охлаждении в интервале 650…850 °С интенсивно выделяются карбидные и интерметаллидные включения сложного химического состава, что формирует эффект упрочнения металла шва.Выполнена оценка стойкости сварных соединений против образования кристаллизационных (горячих) трещин. Показано, что лазерная сварка сталей с большими скоростями охлаждения металла шва на уровне 2000 °С/сек. в температурном интервале хрупкости благоприятно сказывается на стойкости сварных соединений против образования кристаллизационных горячих трещин. Данному факту способствует минимизация выделения в металле шва нежелательной γ′-фазы при охлаждении.
Development of Technology for Manufacturing Facing Panels by Universal Die Tooling
Authors: Kniazev S. N. , Mikhailov Yu. O. , Tepin N. V.
Published: November 2020

Рассмотрен технологический процесс листовой штамповки, включающий процесс вытяжки на универсальной штамповой оснастке облицовочных панелей из низкоуглеродистой конструкционной стали и низкоуглеродистой нержавеющей стали. Характеристики материалов отличаются, а значит, и процесс формообразования протекает с существенными отличиями. Необходимо отметить, что заготовки из нержавеющей стали штампуются с полиэтиленом. Использование полиэтиленовой пленки позволяет исключить поверхностные дефекты на облицовочных панелях, однако этот прием ведет к изменению коэффициента трения. Различие характеристик материалов заготовок приводит к необходимости поиска компромиссных инженерных решений.Инструментом для автоматизации проектирования процесса штамповки в части оптимизации технологических параметров служит программный комплекс AutoForm. Программный продукт позволяет произвести моделирование процесса формоизменения листовой заготовки, определить проблемные зоны или элементы на детали и подобрать геометрию и фрикционные параметры оснастки, а также необходимые силовые характеристики для оборудования. Для рассматриваемой детали «проблемным» элементом является внутренний радиус по контуру детали, который равен толщине материала изделия. Цель исследования – подобрать минимально допустимый радиус, при котором можно было бы получить годное изделие на одной единице инструмента и оборудования, а также обеспечить возможность работы оборудования в автоматическом режиме.В ходе комплексного анализа результатов компьютерного моделирования и эксперимента определено, что минимально возможный радиус на внутренней поверхности детали для изделий из низкоуглеродистой конструкционной стали должен быть равен не менее одной толщины исходной заготовки, для изделий из низкоуглеродистой нержавеющей стали – не менее двух толщин исходной заготовки. Радиус в углах низких коробчатых изделий на внутренней поверхности для заготовок должен быть равен не менее трех толщин исходной заготовки. Для улучшения технических характеристик штамповой оснастки обходимо использовать технологии нанесения наноструктурированных PVD-покрытий.
A formulation additive for simultaneously improving flue gas desulfurization efficiency and gypsum quality
Authors: Lv Lin
Published: November 2020

The effects of different additives, including MgSO4, MnSO4, adipic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, succinic acid and acrylic acid on SO2 removal from a limestone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system and gypsum characteristics were investigated. An optimized formulation additive for simultaneously improving flue gas desulfurization efficiency and gypsum quality was found. This formulation additive was successfully applied in an industrial-scale FGD system of a local coal power plant (600 MW, Shanghai Wujing Power Plant, China), and the gypsum quality was improved. The optimized formulation additive was acrylic acid, MnSO4 and citric acid mixed at a ratio of 1:1:2, which can simultaneously achieve an increased desulfurization efficiency of 97.02% and a low gypsum moisture content of 4.32%. Moreover, MnSO4 and acrylic acid were found to be most effective for improving SO2 removal, and citric acid contributed to gypsum particles with more uniform sizes and regular shapes, as well as good dewatering characteristics.
The Effect of Standard versus Longer Intestinal Bypass on GLP-1 Regulation and Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. The Long-Limb study
Authors: Miras Alexander Dimitri , Kamocka Anna , Pérez-Pevida Belén , Purkayastha Sanjay , Moorthy Krishna , Patel Ameet , Chahal Harvinder , Frost Gary , Bassett Paul , Castagnetto-Gissey Lidia , Coppin Lucy , Jackson Nicola , Umpleby Anne Margot , Bloom Stephen Robert , Tan Tricia , Ahmed Ahmed Rashid , Rubino Francesco
Published: November 2020

Objective

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) characteristically
enhances post-prandial levels of Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a mechanism that contributes
to its profound glucose-lowering effects. This enhancement is thought to be
triggered by bypass of food to the distal small intestine with higher densities
of neuroendocrine L-cells. We hypothesised that if this is the predominant
mechanism behind the enhanced secretion of GLP-1, a longer intestinal bypass
would potentiate the post-prandial peak in GLP-1, translating into higher
insulin secretion and thus additional improvements in glucose tolerance. To
investigate this, we conducted a mechanistic study comparing two variants of
RYGB that differ in the length of intestinal bypass.

Research
Design and Methods

Fifty-three
patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity were randomised to either ‘standard
limb’ RYGB (50cm biliopancreatic limb) or ‘long limb’ RYGB (150cm
biliopancreatic limb). They underwent measurements of GLP-1 and insulin
secretion following a mixed meal and insulin sensitivity using euglycaemic
hyperinsulinaemic clamps at baseline, 2 weeks and at 20% weight loss after
surgery.

Results

Both
groups exhibited enhancement in post-prandial GLP-1 secretion and improvements
in glycaemia compared to baseline. There were no significant differences in
post-prandial peak concentrations of GLP-1, time to peak, insulin secretion, and
insulin sensitivity.

Conclusion

The findings of this study demonstrate
that lengthening of the intestinal bypass in RYGB does not affect GLP-1
secretion. Thus, the characteristic enhancement of GLP-1 response after RYGB might
not depend on delivery of nutrients to more distal intestinal segments.
Decreased Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Finnish Children
Authors: Parviainen Anna , But Anna , Siljander Heli , Knip Mikael , Register the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

The incidence of type 1 diabetes has been rising for
decades, particularly among young children. Between 2006 and 2011 the incidence
rate reached a plateau in Finland. In this observational register-based cohort study,
we assess recent trends in the disease rate in Finnish children.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Based on data from the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes
Register, we studied the incidence of type 1 diabetes among children under the
age of 15 years between 2003 and 2018. We assessed sex-specific incidence rates
(IRs) per 100,000 person years (PY) by 4-year time periods in three age groups
(0.50–4.99, 5.00–9.99, and 10.00–14.99 years).

RESULTS

Among the 7,871 children with newly diagnosed type 1
diabetes, the median age at diagnosis increased from 7.88 to 8.33 (P = 0.001), while the overall IR
decreased from 57.9/100,000 PY in 2003–2006 to 52.2/100,000 PY in 2015–2018,
yielding an IR ratio (IRR) of 0.90 (95% CI 0.85–0.96, P = 0.001). This decline was mainly due to the decrease in the
youngest age group [IRR 0.77 (95% CI 0.68–0.87); P < 0.001], being significant both among males and females. In
the middle age group, a significant decrease was observed only among females. No
changes were observed in the oldest children.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of type 1 diabetes decreased among young
Finnish children between 2003 and 2018. Current findings imply
that environmental factors driving the immune system towards islet autoimmunity
are changing in young children.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, Coronary Heart Disease, and Stroke
Authors: Admin Ada , Zhu Tiantian , Cui Jinrui , Goodarzi Mark O.
Published: November 2020

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been associated with diabetes and
cardiovascular disease; however, whether the relationship is causal is
uncertain. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to
investigate the associations of PCOS with type 2 diabetes, coronary heart
disease (CHD) and stroke. Association between PCOS and diabetes risk was examined
in European and Asian cohorts, both sex-specific and sex-combined. Causal
effects of PCOS on risks of CHD and stroke were evaluated in European cohorts.
Stroke was analyzed as any stroke as well as four sub-types of stroke
(ischemic, large artery, cardioembolic, small vessel). We found no association
of genetically predicted PCOS with risk of diabetes, CHD or stroke. This
suggests that PCOS in and of itself does not increase the risk of these
outcomes. Other features of PCOS (obesity, elevated testosterone, low sex
hormone binding globulin) may explain the association between PCOS and
cardiometabolic diseases. In light of these results, efforts to prevent
cardiometabolic complications in PCOS should focus on women with high-risk
factures, rather than all women with PCOS.
ON THE PROGRESS OF THE STUDY RFBR № 18-012-00579 “RUSSIAN DIALECT GOOD-WISHING: SEMANTICS, STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONING”
Authors: ZORINA LIUDMILA I.
Published: November 2020

Communicative aspects of Russian dialects functioning are insufficiently investigated. The project is aimed at studying a special phenomenon of Russian culture - village speech etiquette. The task, the project is aimed to solve, is to describe the features of communication in the Russian province, the mass of the inhabitants of which still speaks a dialect. The subject of the research is the semantics, structure and functioning of etiquette units in folk speech. In 2019 the project lead published 5 scientific articles and also participated in 6 scientific conferences. During the summer expedition there have been collected and analyzed numerous materials on the dialects of the Vologda region.
IMPROVING COLLECTION, PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS OF DATA ON EMERGENCIES AND ACCIDENTS BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE VOLOGDA REGION
Authors: RAZVODOV MICHAIL A. , KOSTYLEV DMITRII N.
Published: November 2020

Fires, accidents and incidents of various types require rapid localization, elimination and therefore full information about emergencies. In these conditions, there is an urgent task to develop and implement an automated system that allows accounting and analyzing fire data. The authors consider a software and hardware complex for automating the process of recording and analysis of fire data on the territory of the Vologda region. Applying the method of functional modeling, weak points of information transmission were identified; the system of operational dispatching control “SODU - Vologda” was developed. The proposed data collection system would improve the organization of activities aimed at involving forces and means in the event of an emergency.
DESIGN AUTOMATION OF INTERNAL ISOLATION OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS INPUT USING PARALLEL COMPUTING
Authors: IASINSKII IGOR' F. , EGOROV DENIS V.
Published: November 2020

The design process of a transformer is characterized by conflicting requirements for its qualities. This circumstance is due to the fact that the transformer includes a large number of elements and is manufactured on individually tuned equipment. Moreover, the production of transformers is associated with the cost of such valuable materials as copper, aluminum, steel, etc. Thus, the transformer is a complex system, the high-quality design of which is difficult without automation. It is proposed to speed up the process of calculating the internal isolation of a transformer using a parallel computing environment and the use of fast algorithms. Methods of mathematical modeling of physical objects, methods of applied mathematics, principles of computer modeling of physical objects, algorithms for parallelizing the computing process in interfaces with shared memory, analysis of the results of computational experiments are applied. A software system has been developed for the automated design of the internal isolation of the high-voltage input of the transformer...
The politics of numbers and additionality governing the national Payment for Forest Environmental Services scheme in Vietnam: A case study from Son La province
Authors: Thuy Pham Thu , Chau Ngo Ha , Chi Dao Thi Linh , Long Hoang Tuan , Fisher Micah R.
Published: November 2020

Payments for forest environmental services (PFES) is a major breakthrough policy in the Vietnamese forestry sector because it contributes 25% of the total investments in the forestry sector and serves as the first market-based instrument employed to protect forests. However, there is little empirical evidence of its effectiveness. Is the policy meeting the core objectives of improving forest cover and forest quality and is it also achieving its claims of supporting local livelihoods? This paper analyses the environmental, social, and economic impacts of PFES in Son La province, the longest standing implementation of a PFES scheme in Vietnam. Our study uses a sampling method that incorporates pre-matching and a before-after-control-intervention approach. Data was collected from government statistics, remote sensing analysis, focus group discussions involving 236 people, surveys with a total of 240 households, and key informant interviews with 45 people. Our findings show that additionality of PFES in Son La is controversial and depends on who collects the data and what data is used to evaluate the impacts of PFES. Data collection is also politicized to serve central, provincial and district government interests. Evidence shows that PFES has provided little additional income to individual villagers to protect forests in Son La. However, total PFES revenue paid to communities generates significant income for village communities. Moreover, not all villagers can receive continuous payments from PFES, meaning that PFES has not become a stable source of income, rendering the permanence of PFES limited. Improving monitoring and evaluation policies coupled with transparent, inclusive, independent mechanisms are essential to providing a more accurate reflection of impacts from PFES in Vietnam.
Hawking Radiation is Nothing: Developed Correlation of Entropy with Black Hole Area
Authors: El-Mongy Sayed
Published: November 2020

Read is the first word and divine order in the Holy Quran. My lovely physics does not answer many mysteries in the universe including black holes. The observed ordinary matter in the universe is only ~5 %. The remaining is 27% dark matter and approximately 68% dark energy of. This paper introduces a developed model and concept to black hole anatomy and entropy-surface area correlation. It considers the stationary black hole a one entity of 4 concentric spheres around the singularity. They are the event horizon, photon sphere at 1.5Rs, unstable light sphere at 2.6Rs and innermost stable particle sphere at 3Rs. An equation (Sayed Ts formula) was derived excluded heuristics of Professor S. Hawking. This formula is based on different proportional constant between entropy and black hole surface area; not ¼ as He conjectured. In spite of my respect and humanity sympathy with Prof. Hawking, his tombstone equation should be corrected. There is neither radiation escape from black holes nor any signal detected due to micro black holes evaporation. Finally, it can be stated that Hawking radiation is Nothing.
Observaciones sobre ingeniería civil en Cuba a propósito de su primer puente de hierro: una celosía Bollman de 1859 para el río Almendares de La Habana
Authors: López Hernández Ignacio J.
Published: November 2020

Se documenta el desconocido puente de hierro sobre el río Almendares de La Habana, primera obra de esta naturaleza construida en Cuba en 1859 y debida al célebre ingeniero norteamericano Wendel Bollman. Hoy desaparecido, se dan a conocer el plano original y el expediente del proyecto, poniéndose en relación con otras iniciativas anteriores que buscaron implementar esta tecnología en el contexto de la actualización y desarrollo experimentados por las obras públicas en la Cuba decimonónica.
Acerca del libro y su significación en la estampa carmelitana
Authors: Moreno Cuadro Fernando
Published: November 2020

El trabajo presenta una aproximación a los diferentes significados que adquiere el libro en la estampa carmelitana, en la que tiene una importante presencia complementando varios tipos iconográficos, a los que matiza con distinto sentido, apareciendo principalmente ligado a la actividad intelectual en todas sus facetas, desde el aprendizaje a la enseñanza. Muestra múltiples matices que contemplan, además de la defensa de la palabra de Dios y de la doctrina de la Iglesia, su utilización para destacar sucesos fundamentales en la historia de la orden, como el abandono de oriente y la llegada a occidente dirigidos por Bertoldo de Lombardía, y los más importantes escritos de sus miembros, que excepcionalmente se asocian a emblemas.
Textiles en el Arte del País Vasco. Evolución y significancia en la producción artística contemporánea
Authors: Porcel Ziarsolo Alazne , Artetxe Sánchez Enara
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evidenciar el uso de tejidos y elementos relacionados con la indumentaria y la moda en la producción artística vasca desde las últimas décadas del siglo XX hasta la actualidad, que encontramos principalmente en la escultura y en nuevas tipologías como las instalaciones.
El contexto que se genera en el País Vasco a partir de finales de los años setenta, dará lugar a la creación de una interesante producción artística que forma parte actualmente de importantes colecciones en instituciones museísticas vascas y del estado como el Artium en Álava, el Guggenheim y el Museo de Bellas Artes en Bilbao, el Museo Reina Sofía de Madrid, etc. La cantidad y diversidad formal entorno a su empleo, hace que resulte necesario realizar un acercamiento tanto cronológico como a nivel material y conceptual para entender su evolución y significancia en el contexto artístico vasco.
La Factoría Cultural y la Marca Niemeyer. Avilés: una ciudad creativa en el Arco Atlántico
Authors: Tielve García Natalia
Published: November 2020

El Centro Niemeyer y la Factoría Cultural constituyen los dos ejes estratégicos sobre los que se ha asentado el proyecto de revitalización urbana y dinamización socioeconómica promovido por la ciudad de Avilés que se examina en este trabajo. Con el propósito de transformarse en una de las ciudades creativas del Arco Atlántico, en Avilés se ha fraguado una nueva identidad, una marca ligada a la innovación, la modernidad, la cultura y el arte que ha tenido un positivo impacto en el desarrollo del sector servicios, la promoción de las industrias culturales y el avance de la producción tecnológica.
De cuerpos subjetivados e imágenes artistizadas: la lógica biopolítica de la historia del arte
Authors: Rojas Ogáyar Santos
Published: November 2020

En su escrito Sobre las ruinas del museo, Douglas Crimp planteó la necesidad de abrir un capítulo olvidado por parte de la crítica hacia las entrañas de la modernidad. Foucault había diseccionado buena parte de los saberes e instituciones del nuevo teatro epistemológico, pero una disciplina evitó su operación quirúrgica: la historia del arte. Concebida como una histórica secuencia de paradigmas interrelacionados o como un saber científico y puramente taxonómico, la historia del arte funciona como el artefacto discursivo que produce y legitima una nueva verdad para las imágenes. Por ello, el texto aboga por la necesidad de repensar la disciplina como hermana contemporánea de dispositivos disciplinarios como la criminalidad, la enfermedad o la sexualidad, con el fin de integrarla en el nuevo régimen somatopolítico de las imágenes y en el epicentro de las nuevas técnicas de poder.
La demolición de las Reales Caballerizas y los proyectos de un fallido museo republicano: del Museo del Coche y Arte Popular al Museo de Armas y Tapices
Authors: Notario Sánchez Álvaro
Published: November 2020

Junto al imaginario colectivo de las novedosas prácticas artísticas de la Edad de Plata, es justo poner también de manifiesto la relevancia que tuvo la política cultural de la Segunda República Española. Además, los gobiernos progresistas de este periodo de la historia de España se preocuparon por la gestión cultural en el amplio sentido de la palabra, aunque por la premura de sus mandatos, muchos de estos proyectos quedaron en el papel. En estas páginas vamos a analizar una de las iniciativas más interesantes y a la vez más desconocidas de este tiempo, el fallido proyecto del Museo del Coche y Arte Popular de 1934, que en 1936 pasó a denominarse el Museo de Armas y Tapices, que tampoco vería la luz. Ambas ideas tendrán como consecuencia inevitable el actual proyecto del Museo de Colecciones Reales.
Transcending Institutional Critique: Pepón Osorio’s Scene of The Crime (Whose Crime?) (1993)
Authors: Derrac Soria Clara
Published: November 2020

As part of the controversial 1993 Whitney Biennial, Puerto Rican artist Pepón Osorio recreated the interior of a Nuyorican home in his work Scene of the Crime (Whose Crime?). This paper aims to unpack the installation’s critical dimension, to argue that it goes beyond the mere institutional critique. To that end, I will first examine the particular disruption of the aseptic museum’s space prompted by Osorio’s installation. Secondly, I will analyze the artist’s intentional use of Kitsch as a gesture of cultural resistance: through the exaggerated accumulation of objects and imageries, Osorio deftly called into question the conventional systems of visibility that operate within the institutional realm.
Absorption removal of hydrogen sulfide from recirculated biogas
Authors: Gróf Nikolas , Barbušová Jana , Hencelová Kristína , Hutňan Miroslav
Published: November 2020

This study is focused on the effect of biogas recirculation with hydrogen sulfide removal on anaerobic treatment of sulfur-enriched synthetic wastewater in a UASB reactor. The presence of hydrogen sulfide in biogas causes problems in its further energy recovery while sulfides inhibit the anaerobic process. The reactor was gradually loaded with sulfates and their effect on the reactor operation was monitored. At the same time, external absorption of hydrogen sulfide from biogas with absorbent regeneration was operated. The results show that low concentrations of added sulfates support biogas production. At the sulfate concentration of 125 mg l−1, biogas production increased by approximately 2 l d−1. However, further increasing of the amount of sulfates in the substrate led to the opposite effect. At twice the amount of sulfates, the biogas production decrease by 1 l d−1 and its adverse effects on the removal of N-NH4, NC and P-PO4 were observed. Biogas recirculation through the absorption column ensured a decrease in the hydrogen sulfide concentration from 19 960 ppm to 4 030 ppm and an increase in the methane content from 59.2 % to 83 % and also a decrease in the sulfides concentration in the reactor. From the measured data it can be concluded that this method reduces sulfides inhibition.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Thalassemia
Authors: Yordanov E. , Hristov E. , Parvova I. , Petkova V. , Andreevska K.
Published: November 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which is caused by impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Four complications of DM have been identified – diabetes microangiopathy including nephropathy, retinopathy and polyneuropathy and diabetes macroangiopathy. DM is diagnosed on the basis of one of the following criteria: 1. Presence of typical symptoms – polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, weight loss and accidental plasma glucose value ≥ 11.1 mmol/l. 2. Fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 7.0 mmol/l. 3. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) – 2-hour blood glucose level ⩾ 11.1 mmol/l. 4. Test for glycated hemoglobin HbA1c⩾6.5%. Regular monitoring of blood glucose is crucial for good control of diabetes. Two are the most commonly available methods for glycemic monitoring – 1) home self-assessment; 2) HbA1c test. In this paper we discuss the diagnostic and prognostic value of HbA1c in comorbid patients with DM and diseases, where there are deviations in hemoglobin and erythrocyte values. In the scientific literature, single reports are available that give scarce guidance on how to manage these patients. It is mentioned that anemia should be treated individually, however no data could be found on what should be the standard behavior in such patients. According to the American Diabetes Association, only the blood glucose should be used when the relationship between HbA1c and glycemia is altered. Because of the diverse gene pool of the US population, different variants of hemoglobin may interfere with HbA1c measurements, although tests in the USA are standardized. Discrepancies between HbA1c and plasma glucose should suggest that testing for HbA1c may not be reliable for a particular patient. We present a clinical case of a comorbid patient with DM and thalassemia minor, whose glycemic control with glycated hemoglobin HbA1c is unreliable.
Primary Orbital Lymphoma – A Challenging Diagnosis
Authors: Vylkanov St. , Trifonova K. , Slaveykov K. , Dzhelebov D.
Published: November 2020

Background and purpose: The occurrence of primary orbital lymphoma comprises approximately 1% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 8% of extranodal lymphoma. The vast majority of orbital lymphomas are of B-cell origin, of which extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma is the most common subtype. The purpose of this paper was to present the diagnostic challenges in a case of orbital lymphoma. Case presentation: An 84-year -old woman with orbital tumour was operated on after a long period of inappropriate treatment. It was later diagnosed as B-cell lymphoma.

Conclusion: Orbital lymphoma can be easily mistaken for another ocular disease due to the slowly progressing non-specific complaints of the patients. We should be alert to the possibility of this ocular diagnosis when we are presented with an elderly patient with proptosis.
What is Known About Emigration of the Romanian Doctors and What We Should Expect in the Future
Authors: Georgescu Mirela Cristina , Furtunescu Florentina Ligia , Frumusachi Otilia , Lopatica Lavinia , Mincă Dana Galieta
Published: November 2020

Romania has experienced in the last two decades a high emigration of the healthcare workforce, especially after joining the European Union. This study aimed to describe the trends in emigration of the Romanian health professionals and the potential changes of the intention to leave, considering the country context and the recent national measures. Four parameters intended to be analyzed: the number of physicians working in Romania, and in other countries respectively, the national capacity for providing undergraduate medical training and the intention to leave of the young graduates. We found an accelerate process of emigration of doctors, especially after the EU accession, wider compared to the increase of the national capacity for providing medical training and more rapid in the last years. The recent measures of motivation through the income increase appear to have limited impact on the intention to leave, at least for the young doctors. Systematic and coordinated efforts are needed in the next future to better understand which are the most effective interventions to respond to this situation. Among these interventions, improving the information system in this area should be a priority.