bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Психологічні особливості опрацювання травматичного досвіду спільнотою воїнів, які набули бойовий досвід в АТО/ООС
Authors: Mialenko Victoria V.
Published: March 2020

У межах теоретичного підходу до вивчення особливостей колективного проживання травматичних подій (Штомпка, 2001) розглянуто психологічні стратегії опрацювання військовою спільнотою пережитого бойового досвіду. Ці стратегії інтерпретовано як частково не усвідомлювані, спрощені моделі поведінки, які можна проаналізувати за проявами когнітивного, конативного та поведінкового компонентів. Показано, що військовослужбовці, які були учасниками АТО/ООС, стикаються з труднощами відреагування травматичного досвіду, пристосування та адаптації до мирного життя. На основі результатів емпіричного дослідження виокремлено типові способи подолання травми військовослужбовцями, які мають бойовий досвід участі в АТО/ООС: контрольованість і доброзичливість зовнішнього світу; неконтрольованість зовнішнього світу; рефлексивне осмислення бойового досвіду; суб’єктивне переживання власного везіння; інтроспективна сконцентрованість; гостре переживання травми; сконцентрованість на власних емоціях; сконцентрованість на власних роздумах; застрягання в травматичному досвіді; позитивний образ себе і світу; відчуження від себе і світу. За ступенем адаптивного потенціалу виокремлені стратегії було поділено на дві групи – консервативно-рутинні і проактивно-трансформаційні. До консервативно-рутинних стратегій віднесено: гостре переживання травми, сконцентрованість на власних емоціях, сконцентрованість на власних роздумах, неконтрольованість зовнішнього світу, інтроспективну сконцентрованість, відчуження від себе і світу; до проактивно-трансформаційних – контрольованість та доброзичливість зовнішнього світу, позитивний образ себе та світу, рефлексивне осмислення бойового досвіду, суб’єктивне переживання власного везіння. Показано, що в процесі адаптації одні стратегії використовуються як тимчасові, перехідні до більш зрілих або, навпаки, більш регресивних, інфантильних реакцій, тоді як інші вже сформовані та закріплені в досвіді українських спільнот. Такий підхід дає змогу здійснювати диференційоване психологічне втручання, ефективно долати конкретні деструктивні стани, які провокують дезадаптивну поведінку військовослужбовців.
ЦИФРОВА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ КОРИСТУВАЧІВ ІНТЕРНЕТУ
Authors: Krasniakova Alla
Published: March 2020

Цифрова компетентність розглядається як комплексний соціально-психологічний феномен, що характеризує здатність особистості діяти в інформаційному суспільстві. Оцифрування різних сфер життєдіяльності вимагає від сучасної людини готовності і здатності постійно оволодівати новітніми інформаційно-комунікаційними технологіями, компетентно (швидко і якісно, усвідомлено і відповідально) оцінювати їхні можливості та ризики. Цифрова компетентність набуває соціального наповнення, виявляється через настановлення на ефективну діяльність в інформаційному суспільстві, особисте ставлення до цієї діяльності, засноване на почутті відповідальності; здатність і готовність індивіда впевнено, ефективно, критично і безпечно обирати та застосовувати інформаційно-комунікаційні технології в різних сферах життєдіяльності. Дослідження проблеми цифрової компетентності набуває наразі ще й політико-психологічної спрямованості. В інформаційному суспільстві цифрова компетентність дає людині змогу орієнтуватися в динамічному цифровому середовищі інтернету, вибудовувати власний стиль інтернет-комунікації, взаємодіяти з іншими соціальними суб’єктами різних культур, автономно приймати рішення на всіх рівнях соціальної взаємодії – від місцевого і національного до європейського та міжнародного, а також сприяє ефективному застосуванню ресурсу інформаційно-комунікаційного середовища у вирішенні проблем своєї країни, територіальної громади, суспільного та особистого життя. У структурі цифрової компетентності розглянуто основні компоненти: інформаційно-комунікаційний, мотиваційний та компонент відповідальності. Ці компоненти перебувають у щільному взаємозв’язку і взаємозалежності, що зумовлює їхній взаємовплив і взаємопроникнення. Результати пілотного емпіричного дослідження показали, що у чверті користувачів інтернету за індексом цифрової компетентності високий її загальний рівень, у понад половини – середній і лише в кожного сьомого користувача – низький. У самій структурі цифрової компетентності індекс мотиваційного компонента проявляється меншою мірою порівняно з іншими компонентами. Так, переважна більшість респондентів неспроможні розв’язувати проблеми, що виникають у результаті зіткнення в інтернет-просторі із шахраями, недоброчесними політиками, чиновниками, провайдерами, а також нездатні до розпізнавання та викриття маніпулятивних технологій, тобто не готові взяти на себе відповідальність за ризики користування цифровою інформацією. Тільки у половини респондентів виявлено готовність до оволодіння додатковими знаннями в цій сфері (мотиваційний компонент). Зроблено висновок про необхідність дослідження мотиваційного компонента цифрової компетентності як такого, що найбільшою мірою забезпечує розвиток цифрової компетентності. Обґрунтовано припущення, що мотиваційний компонент і компонент відповідальності в цілому визначають становлення громадянської компетентності особистості.
The variable manifestations of disease in pyruvate kinase deficiency and their management
Authors: Al-Samkari Hanny , Van Beers Eduard J. , Kuo Kevin H.M. , Barcellini Wilma , Bianchi Paola , Glenthøj Andreas , Del Mar Mañú Pereira María , Van Wijk Richard , Glader Bertil , Grace Rachael F.
Published: March 2020

Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) is the most common cause of chronic hereditary non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia and results in a broad spectrum of disease. The diagnosis of PKD requires a high index of suspicion and judicious use of laboratory tests that may not always be informative, including pyruvate kinase enzyme assay and genetic analysis of the PKLR gene. A significant minority of patients with PKD have occult mutations in non-coding regions of PKLR which are missed on standard genetic tests. The biochemical consequences of PKD result in hemolytic anemia due to red cell pyruvate and ATP deficiency while simultaneously causing increased red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, which facilitates oxygen unloading. This phenomenon, in addition to numerous other factors such as genetic background and differences in splenic function result in a poor correlation between symptoms and degree of anemia from patient to patient. Red cell transfusions should, therefore, be symptom-directed and not based on a hemoglobin threshold. Patients may experience specific complications, such as paravertebral extramedullary hematopoiesis and chronic debilitating icterus, which require personalized treatment. The decision to perform splenectomy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is nuanced and depends on disease burden and long-term outlook given that targeted therapeutics are in development. In recognition of the complicated nature of the disease and its management and the limitations of the PKD literature, an international working group of ten PKD experts convened to better define the disease burden and manifestations. This article summarizes the conclusions of this working group and is a guide for clinicians and investigators caring for patients with PKD.
Dietary diversity and nutritional status among women of reproductive age group in a selected rural community of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Razia , Hoque Syeda Rumana , Manni Umme Jamila Akter , Rahman Md Motlabur , Datta Pankaj Kanti , Moon Kawsar Jahan
Published: March 2020

Background/context: Dietary diversity (DD) is universally recognized as a key component of healthy diets. Healthy diet is one of the most important determinants that can influence nutritional status of women of reproductive age.

Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Shitpara village of Sreepur Upazila under Gazipur district during February to June 2013 to assess the dietary diversity and nutritional status of women of reproductive age. Convenient sampling technique was adopted to select 181 women. Interview schedule & checklist used as research instrument.

Results: The mean(+/-s.d.)age of the respondents was 27.45+/-9.38 years, 133(80%) of them were married and 176(97.2%) are literate. Mean family size was 5.34+/- 2.386 persons and mean family income was 9611.05 Taka per month. Among 133 married women, 68(51%) have 2 or less than two children. Their mean(+/-s.d.) dietary diversity score was 5.13+/- 1.19 and majority 149(82%) of them having medium dietary diversity tercile (4-6). All of them ate carbohydrate types of food, 174(96.1%) protein rich foods & 83(45.9%) vit.A rich vegetables & fruits. Their mean BMI was 22.35 +/- 3.71 kg/ m2. Majority 118 (65%) of them having normal BMI and 22(12%) are under weight. Only 6(3%) of them are obese. Thoughdietary diversity was medium (4-6); relationship between dietary diversity and nutritional status could not be established.

Conclusion:The qualitative measurement of dietary diversity is not sufficient enough to identify women at risk of under- or over nutrition.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 36-40
The Anti- Inflammatory Effects of Spinacia Oleracea Leaf Extract on Carrageenan Induced Inflammation in Rats
Authors: Yesmin Sultana , Rahman Kazi Afzalur , Afroz Rumana , Parvin Zohora , Lotus Mahbuba Jahan , Yeasmin Nahid , Moon Kawsar Jahan , Ahmed Md Ashraf Uddin
Published: March 2020

Context: Use of herbal medicine throughout the world is increasing. Plants still remaining the primary source of supply of many important drugs used in modem medicine. Spinacia Oleracea i,e spinach leaves contain more number of anti-inflammatory phytochemcicals such as carbohydratie, tanins and phenolic compounds, saponins, flavinoids and steroid. Better collagenation seen under the influence of the flavinoids, phenolic compound and saponins which is responsible for the free radical scavenging activity and are believed to be some of the most important component for wound healing and antioxident activity. Spinacia Oleracea scavenges free oxygen redicals and increases the catalase level in granulation tissue. Plants still remaining the primary source of supply of many important drugs used in modem medicine. Considering its medicinal value and availability in our country this study was undertaken to evaluate the antiinflammatory effect of the Spinacia Oleracea leaf extract in rat models.

Material and Methods: The experiments were carried out on 30 (thirty) Swiss male albino rats. They were collected from the ICDDRB, Dhaka. The rats were of male weighing between 150- 200gm which were divided randomly into 5 groups each having 6 rats. Groups were labeled as group-I, group-II, group-III, group-IV and group-V. The anti inflammatory effect of Spinacia Oleracea leaf extract in experiment rat were evaluated and compared with the anti inflammatory effects of aspirin and hydrocortisone. The study was prospective experimental type and was conducted in the department of Pharmacology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2011 to June 2012.

Result : Administration of mathanolic extract and water extract of Spinacia Oleracea leaf at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight orally produced a significant (P<0.05) anti-inflammatory effect, and the percentage of inhibition of oedema formation was 28.75% and 40.79% respectively. There were highly significant (P<0.05) percentage of inhibition of oedema formation was observed in aspirin (40.52%) and in hydrocortisone (47.71%).

Conclusion: Spinacia Oleracea leaf extract, possess significant anti-inflammatory activity in rats.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 88-93
Comparative Study of Intravenous Iron Sucrose Vs Oral Ferrous Sulfate Therapy for Uncomplicated Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Jahan Dilshad , Islam Mohammad Manirul , Hossain Mohammad Zaid , Salsabil Masuma Ahmed , Islam Iftadul , Huque AKM Ziaul , Karim Md Enamul , Mazumder Nihar Ranjan , Khan MA
Published: March 2020

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most frequent nutritional deficiency leading to morbidity and mortality in whole world. Oral iron therapy as well as intravenous (IV) iron therapy can be given to treat the IDA patients.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and hematological changes of Oral and IV iron preparation in patients with uncomplicated iron deficiency anemia.

Method: An interventional, prospective study in patients with uncomplicated IDA anemia receiving IV iron sucrose and Oral iron ferrous sulfate were included. Clinical history, baseline hemoglobin, anemia indices data were recorded in a case record form. A total number of 80 patients were enrolled in this study. 40 patients (Group A) were treated with IV iron sucrose and another 40 patients (Group B) were treated with oral iron ferrous sulfate. After therapy Hemoglobin level, RBC indices and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were observed.

Place and period of Study: Study was carried out in the Department of Hematology at Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), from July 2015 to June 2016.

Results: The mean age of total participants was 35.77 ± 16.08 (range of 13 – 75 years). In this study female (72.5%) is predominant than male (27.5%). Oral and IV iron preparations significantly (P<0.0001) improved mean hemoglobin, anemia indices at the end of study. However, mean increase in hemoglobin were significant (P<0.0001) with IV iron sucrose (7.6 ± 2.9) gm/dl, as compared to Oral ferrous sulfate (6.4± 2.2)gm/dl, after 2 months of therapy. In this study Hemoglobin increases in group A (IV iron arm) almost 1mg/kg/week and in group B (oral iron arm) 0.8 mg/dl/week).Surprisingly, ADRs were more in patients treated with oral ferrous sulfate (38%) compared to iron sucrose (26%).

Conclusion: IV iron sucrose improves hemoglobin, anemia indices and replenish iron stores rapidly and is well tolerated than oral iron preparations.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.2, October, 2018, Page 175-181
Lactobacillus species As a Cause of Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Akter Mursheda , Jannnat Rubeyatul , Nova Tasfia Tasnim
Published: March 2020

Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria.1 In human, they constitute a significant component of microbial flora at a number of body sites, such as the digestive system, urinary system, and genital system. Lactobacillus species are normally a major part of the vaginal microbial flora.2,3,4 As a normal bacterial flora of the vagina the organisms are typically considered contaminants when cultured from urine specimens of female patients. Here we describe the case of a female patient with chronic pyuria and urinary tract symptoms in which Lactobacillus spp. was determined to be the causative microorganism. After proper treatment the patient gets well soon.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.2, October, 2018, Page 215-217
A Study of Risk Factors in Young Patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Biswas Prodip Kumar , Sardar Md Hafiz , Saha Gopal Chandra , Hossain Mohammad Zaid , Hossain Mohammed Shahadat , Paul Tushit , Azad Khan Abul Kalam
Published: March 2020

Aim: The study was carried out to see the risk factors of Acute Coronary Syndrome in young patients.

Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study which was carried out in 60 young patients (18-40 years of age) with a diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome admitted to Dhaka medical college Hospital, Dhaka. over a period of 02 years from January 2016 to January 2018. Acute Coronary Syndrome was diagnosed by clinical history, ECG evaluation and Serum Cardiac enzyme Troponin I and CK-MB estimation.

Result: Most of the patients (73%) had a sedentary lifestyle and 50% had dyslipidemia. 40% patients were taking a diet rich in fats, 37% patients were diabetic, 33% were hypertensive, 37% patients consume oral tobacco, 30% were smokers, 13% were obese and 17% were alcoholics. The family history of premature coronary artery disease was present in only 13% of cases. In our study, none of the patients had consumed oral contraceptive pills.

Conclusion: The most important modifiable risk factor is the sedentary lifestyle. The commonest non-modifiable risk factor is Male sex. Smoking, oral tobacco consumption, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and diet modification are other important modifiable risk factors in young adults.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 3-6
Spondylitis Presenting With Cauda Equina Syndrome in a 12 Year Old Boy
Authors: Das Sukriti , Ashfaq Musannah , Jahan Kaniz Fatema Ishrat , Khan Shamsul Islam , Islam Rakibul , Islam Md Moidul
Published: March 2020

A 12-year-old boy presented with a 2-week history of low back pain and 10-day history of weakness of the lower limbs,5-day history of inability to pass urine. An MRI scan of the lumbar spine showed dehiscent lamina of L5,S1 and an epidural abscess. He was admitted to hospital and treated with a high dose of IV antibiotics followed by radical surgical excision of the lesion. Histopathology showed features of abscess. He eventually recovered bowel and bladder control and regained muscle power in the lower limbs. Infection is not a common cause of cauda equina syndrome. Aggressive surgical treatment combined with a prolonged antibiotic regime is recommended to achieve a satisfactory result.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 119-122
Ascaris lumbrocoides in the Right Maxillary Sinus-a rare case
Authors: Saha Kanu Lal , Rashid Md Sajibur , Jamtsho Sonam , Talukder Debesh Chandra
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Sinusitis is fairly a common condition in an Otolaryngology clinic.However sinusitis due to Ascaris lumbrocoides obstructing the maxillary ostium is a very rare case.

Objective: To report a very rare case of round worm in the Right Maxillary sinus.

Case report: A nine year old girl presented with right nasal blockage and dull aching pain over the right maxilla and foul smelling discharge from the right nostril for a week duration. Examination revealed a cord like structure in the right nostril which was very painful on manipulation. Examination under generl anesthesia revealed a 15 cm long dead Ascaris lumbrocoides in the right nostril emerging from the right maxillary sinus obstructing its ostium. After removal of the round worm, patient and the immediate family members were treated with Albendazole.

Conclusion: In rare occasions, particularly in underdeveloped countries, clinicains should be midful that round worms can be a cause of sinusitis.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 126-128
UNSUR VISUAL KEMASAN GRANOLA CREATIONS
Authors: Desintha Siti , Ayu Intan Kusuma , Octamediana Haliza
Published: March 2020

Granola Creations adalah salah satu produk makanan yang berasal dari Bali, Indonesia dan diproduksi oleh Hundred Seeds. Produk yang disajikan berupa makanan kesehatan yang terbuat dari campuran sereal, gandum, kacang-kacangan, gula dan buah-buahan kering yang dipanggang. Granola Creations memiliki tampilan kemasan dengan dominan warna coklat, dan gambar dari isi produk. Pada dasarnya kemasan berperan sebagai pemberi citra utama mengenai suatu produk kepada khalayak sasaran. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah unsur visual pada tampilan kemasan yang digunakan sesuai dengan citra produk Granola Creations. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan unsur, prinsip Desain Komunikasi Visual dan analisis berdasarkan material kemasan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan kemasan Granola Creations menggunakan teks, tata letak, tekstur dan warna tertentu yang sesuai untuk menyampaikan informasi yaitu identitas, personalitas dan citra dari produk dan memperlihatkan Granola Creations berhasil menampilkan kemasan yang komunikatif melalui tampilan visual dan bentuk fisik kemasan dalam satu kesatuan desain kemasan makanan.
BAHASA RUPA KOMIK BLACK METAL ISTIQOMAH PADA POS INSTAGRAM (TOKOH VAROKAH DAN SETAN)
Authors: Nasruddin Merlina Fatimah
Published: March 2020

Achmad Deptian Djenuari Rizky is an Indonesian illustrator who carries emotional black metal themes, horror, and grim spiritual values ​​of western black metal or heavy metal in the style of his illustrations. In Black Metal Istiqomah's post Instagram upload series, Deptian raised Islamic spiritual values, propaganda values, and local values ​​that were paired with a visual theme of the expression of the flow of black metal music. Elements of black metal expression that are aggressive and tend to be rebellious with subtle Islamic values ​​and polite Islamic characteristics are two contrasting elements. The purpose of this study is to discuss the expressions and stories of each object using the Tabrani’s visual language method. The discussion on how to use speech and expressions so that it becomes visual language that can be told based on visible speech, is used to reveal which position is the element of emphasis between Islamic values ​​and thematic black metal in the visual style it carries. In Deptian's Black Metal Istiqomah Instagram post, a version of the Varokah character story with a devil character, Satan's wage is described as having a dominant portion in the frame and has a reference to the demonic illustration in European satanism.
Patterns of sea ice drift and polar bear (Ursus maritimus) movement in Hudson Bay
Authors: Klappstein NJ , Togunov RR , Reimer JR , Lunn NJ , Derocher AE
Published: March 2020

Sea ice habitats are highly dynamic, and ice drift may affect the energy expenditure of travelling animals. Several studies in the high Arctic have reported increased ice drift speeds, and consequently, polar bears Ursus maritimus in these areas expended more energy on counter-ice movement for station-keeping. However, little is known about the spatiotemporal dynamics of ice drift in Hudson Bay (HB) and its implications for the declining Western Hudson Bay (WH) polar bear subpopulation. Using sea ice drift data from 1987-2015 and polar bear satellite telemetry location data from 2004-2015, we examined trends in drift speeds in HB, polar bear movement relative to drift, and assessed annual and individual variation. In contrast to other areas of the Arctic, we did not find an increase in ice drift speed over the period examined. However, variability in ice drift speed increased over time, which suggests reduced habitat predictability. Polar bear movement direction was not strongly counter to ice drift in any month, and ice drift speed and direction had little effect on bear movement rates and, thus, energy expenditure. On an annual scale, we found individuals varied in their exposure and response to ice drift, which may contribute to variability in body condition. However, the lack of a long-term increase in ice drift speed suggests this is unlikely to be the main factor affecting the body condition decline observed in the WH subpopulation. Our results contrast findings in other subpopulations and demonstrate the need for subpopulation-specific research and risk evaluation.
The dead space after extirpation of rectum. Current management and searching for new materials for filling
Authors: Bocková M. , Hoch J. , Kestlerová A. , Amler E.
Published: March 2020

Pelvic surgeries such as extirpation of the rectum or pelvic exenteration lead to a creation of a dead space, which can be cause of complication, such as bowel obstruction, perineal hernia, abscess or hematoma. A growing incidence of complication is expected in connection with the increasing use of laparoscopic and robotic approaches or ELAPE method. Since the bone structures do not allow compression, the only way to deal with the dead space is to fill it in. Present methods provide the filling with omental or myofascial flaps. The length and the mobility of the omental flap can be the limitation. Myofascial flaps are technically more demanding and bring the complications of a donor place. Synthetic or biological meshes do not deal with dead space problematic. Modern technologies using nanomaterials offer the possibility to produce a material with specific properties for example shape, inner structure, surface, or time of degradation. The modified material could also satisfy the requirements for filling the dead space after surgeries.
Management of Mechanical Problems of Totally Implantable Venous Catheters
Authors: KARA Halil , ARIKAN Akif , DULGEROGLU Onur , URAS Cihan
Published: March 2020

Objective: Although the most common complications of totally implantable venous catheters(TIVC) are infection and thrombosis, mechanicalcomplications can also affect the treatment and cause catheter removal. This study aimed to investigate mechanical complications of TIVC andprevention methods.Methods: Data of 983 procedures in 961patients who underwent TIVC implantation between 2010 and 2019 in AcibademMaslak, Bakirkoy, andAtakent Hospitals were retrospectively analyzed for mechanical complications.Results: Mechanical complications were encountered in 33(3.3%) cases: 12(1.2%) were detachment of TIVC, 8(0.8%) occlusions, 5(0.5%)pneumothorax, 1(0.1%) hemothorax, 1(0.1%) malposition, 1(0.1%) extravasation, 2(0.2%) TIVC rotation, 3(0.3%) skin necrosis and extrusions.Conclusion: The catheter tip should be placed in distal superior vena cava, reservoir pocket must be sufficient in size, reservoir should be fixedto pectoral muscle or fascia at least two points with nonabsorbable sutures. Subcutaneous fatty tissue resection from reservoir pocket shouldbe performed in obese patients. The nature of the withdrawn blood form Seldinger needle should be checked visually whether venous ornot. Risk of pneumothorax and detachment can be reduced by inserting the catheter from 1/3 outer part of the clavicle during percutaneoustechnique. While complication rate can be reduced by peroperative fluoroscopy use, control X-ray should be taken in symptomatic patients, notroutinely. Malposition can be seen in the peroperative period and can usually be corrected by good manipulation. Percutaneous transcatheterretrieval in addition to surgery is the gold standard treatment for detachment of TIVC. The most important factors in preventing complicationsare surgical experience and good care.
The night, the music: a cognitive hypothesis
Authors: Dottori Maurício
Published: March 2020

In this article I present a discussion, based on cognitive psychology and on philosophy, about the application of the metaphor “music as play, instead of the metaphor music as language.” In it I try to distinguish what is properly biological in our hearing system from what is cultural, in order to emphasise, firstly, the hypothesis that music represents the creation of a territory of comfort where sounds are placed in places in which, according to the rules of a game, of a cognitive puzzle, they should be a hypothesis that points to music as art; and, secondly, the idea that cognition of music may be understood as an enlarged auditory scene analysis, based on categorisation, rhythmicalization, and recursive schemes of sounds. This makes possible the building of a capacity to judge the rules of the game of music according to their latent potential and to their functionality; and, not least, to judge how well the creator “plays” the game, because in music (distinctly from the language) a conventional relationship with the world is superfluous, the rules are transmitted to those who attend by the very act of playing the game. As the specific context is not cultural, but that of the game itself, the determination of a great move in play does not depends on a class hegemony, but only on Kantian disinterest.
A Dynamic Bayesian Network Structure for Joint Diagnostics and Prognostics of Complex Engineering Systems
Authors: Lewis Austin D. , Groth Katrina M.
Published: March 2020

Dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) represent complex time-dependent causal relationships through the use of conditional probabilities and directed acyclic graph models. DBNs enable the forward and backward inference of system states, diagnosing current system health, and forecasting future system prognosis within the same modeling framework. As a result, there has been growing interest in using DBNs for reliability engineering problems and applications in risk assessment. However, there are open questions about how they can be used to support diagnostics and prognostic health monitoring of a complex engineering system (CES), e.g., power plants, processing facilities and maritime vessels. These systems’ tightly integrated human, hardware, and software components and dynamic operational environments have previously been difficult to model. As part of the growing literature advancing the understanding of how DBNs can be used to improve the risk assessments and health monitoring of CESs, this paper shows the prognostic and diagnostic inference capabilities that are possible to encapsulate within a single DBN model. Using simulated accident sequence data from a model sodium fast nuclear reactor as a case study, a DBN is designed, quantified, and verified based on evidence associated with a transient overpower. The results indicate that a joint prognostic and diagnostic model that is responsive to new system evidence can be generated from operating data to represent CES health. Such a model can therefore serve as another training tool for CES operators to better prepare for accident scenarios.
Phenolic Acid-Degrading Consortia Increase Fusarium Wilt Disease Resistance of Chrysanthemum
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Ma Zhongyou , Lu Xiaoming , Zhu Lin , Wang Jianfei
Published: March 2020

Soil microbial community changes imposed by the cumulative effects of root-secreted phenolic acids (PAs) promote soil-borne pathogen establishment and invasion under monoculture systems, but the disease-suppressive soil often exhibits less soil-borne pathogens compared with the conducive soil. So far, it remains poorly understood whether soil disease suppressiveness is associated with the alleviated negative effects of PAs, involving microbial degradation. Here, the long-term monoculture particularly shaped the rhizosphere microbial community, for example by the enrichment of beneficial Pseudomonas species in the suppressive soil and thus enhanced disease-suppressive capacity, however this was not observed for the conducive soil. In vitro PA-degradation assays revealed that the antagonistic Pseudomonas species, together with the Xanthomonas and Rhizobium species, significantly increased the efficiency of PA degradation compared to single species, at least partially explaining how the suppressive soil accumulated lower PA levels than the conducive soil. Pot experiments further showed that this consortium harboring the antagonistic Pseudomonas species can not only lower PA accumulation in the 15-year conducive soils, but also confer stronger Fusarium wilt disease suppression compared with a single inoculum with the antagonistic bacteria. Our findings demonstrated that understanding microbial community functions, beyond the single direct antagonism, facilitated the construction of active consortia for preventing soil-borne pathogens under intensive monoculture.
Determination of Adequate Substrate Water Content for Mass Production of a High Value-Added Medicinal Plant, Crepidiastrum denticulatum (Houtt.) Pak & Kawano
Authors: Park Song-Yi , Kim Jongyun , Oh Myung-Min
Published: March 2020

The effects of substrate water content on the growth and content of bioactive compounds in Crepidiastrum denticulatum were evaluated. Three-week-old seedlings were subjected to four levels of substrate water content (20%, 30%, 45% and 60%) and maintained for 5 weeks. Growth parameters at 5 weeks of transplanting were significantly higher with the 45% substrate water content treatment than with the other treatments. In addition, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate increased significantly and the highest sap flow rate during the day was observed in 45% substrate water content. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity per shoot increased significantly with substrate water content, increasing from 20% to 45% and decreased again at 60%. Antioxidant capacity and total hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) content per unit dry weight of plants under the 60% treatment were significantly higher than those under the 45% treatment; however, their content per shoot was the highest under the 45% treatment. Thus, 45% substrate water content is a suitable condition for the growth of C. denticulatum and had positive effects on phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and HCAs content. These results could be useful for the mass production of high-quality C. denticulatum in greenhouses or plant factories capable of controlling the water content of the root zone.
The Influence of Classroom Illumination Environment on the Efficiency of Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Liu Ting , Yuizono Takaya , Wang Zhisheng , Gao Haiwen
Published: March 2020

This paper investigated foreign language learning efficiency in four different illumination environments (in different illuminance and color temperatures), focusing on the influence of the illumination environment on foreign language learners’ sentimental status, by means of foreign language skills testing in mind-map, objective evaluation of physiological reaction, and subjective evaluation of psychological reaction. It was shown that in different illumination environments, the language skills of foreign language learners were different, and their psychological and physiological reactions varied, which influenced the efficiency of foreign language learning. The results indicated that the ideal learning space was in high illuminance and low color temperature, which increased the stimulation in foreign language learners; promoted the formation of optimistic sentiment; and enhanced their interest in, and the quality and efficiency of, foreign language learning.
Compressed-Sensing Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction Using an Iterative Convolutional Neural Network Approach
Authors: Hashimoto Fumio , Ote Kibo , Oida Takenori , Teramoto Atsushi , Ouchi Yasuomi
Published: March 2020

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) demonstrate excellent performance when employed to reconstruct the images obtained by compressed-sensing magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI). Our study aimed to enhance image quality by developing a novel iterative reconstruction approach that utilizes image-based CNNs and k-space correction to preserve original k-space data. In the proposed method, CNNs represent a priori information concerning image spaces. First, the CNNs are trained to map zero-filling images onto corresponding full-sampled images. Then, they recover the zero-filled part of the k-space data. Subsequently, k-space corrections, which involve the replacement of unfilled regions by original k-space data, are implemented to preserve the original k-space data. The above-mentioned processes are used iteratively. The performance of the proposed method was validated using a T2-weighted brain-image dataset, and experiments were conducted with several sampling masks. Finally, the proposed method was compared with other noniterative approaches to demonstrate its effectiveness. The aliasing artifacts in the reconstructed images obtained using the proposed approach were reduced compared to those using other state-of-the-art techniques. In addition, the quantitative results obtained in the form of the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed CS-MRI method enhanced MR image quality with high-throughput examinations.
On the Use of Neuro-Swarm System to Forecast the Pile Settlement
Authors: Armaghani Danial Jahed , Asteris Panagiotis G. , Fatemi Seyed Alireza , Hasanipanah Mahdi , Tarinejad Reza , Rashid Ahmad Safuan A. , Huynh Van Van
Published: March 2020

In civil engineering applications, piles (deep foundations) are pushed into the ground in order to perform as steady support of structures. As these type of foundations are able to carry a huge amount of load, they should be carefully designed in terms of their settlement. Therefore, the control and estimation of settlement is a significant issue in pilling design and construction. The objective of the present study is to introduce a modeling process of a hybrid intelligence system namely neural network optimized by particle swarm optimization (neuro-swarm) for estimation of pile settlement. To do that, properties results of several piles socketed into rock mass together with their settlements were considered as established databased to propose neuro-swarm model. Then, several sensitivity analyses were carried out to determine the most influential particle swarm optimization parameters for pile settlement prediction. Eventually, five neuro-swarm models were constructed to understand the behavior of this hybrid model on them in pile settlement prediction. As a result, according to results of five performance indices, dataset number 4 showed the highest prediction capacity among all five datasets. The coefficient of determination (R2) and system error values of (0.851 and 0.079) and (0.892 and 0.099) were obtained respectively for train and test stages of the best neuro-swarm model which reveal the capability level of this hybrid model in predicting pile settlement. The modeling process introduced in this study can be useful for the researchers who are interested to work on the same hybrid technique.
Three-Dimensional Imaging via Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting
Authors: Fu Chengkun , Zheng Huaibin , Wang Gao , Zhou Yu , Chen Hui , He Yuchen , Liu Jianbin , Sun Jian , Xu Zhuo
Published: March 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging under the condition of weak light and low signal-to-noise ratio is a challenging task. In this paper, a 3D imaging scheme based on time-correlated single-photon counting technology is proposed and demonstrated. The 3D imaging scheme, which is composed of a pulsed laser, a scanning mirror, single-photon detectors, and a time-correlated single-photon counting module, employs time-correlated single-photon counting technology for 3D LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Aided by the range-gated technology, experiments show that the proposed scheme can image the object when the signal-to-noise ratio is decreased to −13 dB and improve the structural similarity index of imaging results by 10 times. Then we prove the proposed scheme can image the object in three dimensions with a lateral imaging resolution of 512 × 512 and an axial resolution of 4.2 mm in 6.7 s. At last, a high-resolution 3D reconstruction of an object is also achieved by using the photometric stereo algorithm.
Rheological Properties and Application of Molasses Modified Bitumen in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA)
Authors: Hareru Werku , Ghebrab Tewodros
Published: March 2020

The use of molasses as a replacement for bitumen could benefit the pavement industry by improving the performance of the pavement or by lowering its cost. An experimental investigation was carried out to investigate the effect of molasses with different moisture contents on the property of hot-mix asphalt (HMA). Bitumen binders (BB) containing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% molasses were investigated as molasses modified binders (MMB). Molasses with 24.9% and 5.02% by weight of water were used to investigate the effect of moisture on the MMBs. In addition to the conventional binder tests, additional tests such as the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test, amplitude and frequency sweep test, performance grade (PG) test, and multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test were performed. The results indicated that most of the properties of the MMBs improved with the reduction in the moisture content of molasses but worsened with the percentage replacement of molasses. The IR spectra show that the carbonyl index decreased with an increasing amount of molasses. The control grade PG58 was improved to PG64 and PG70 when the base binder was modified with molasses and aged with rolling thin film oven (RTFO) consecutively. At a temperature of 58 °C, non-recoverable creep compliance of 3.2 kPa (Jnr3.2kPa) was decreased for each MMB, which leads to improved rutting potential. At a temperature of 64 °C, the Jnr value was decreased only for the MMB containing 5% molasses, and then gradually increased for the remaining MMBs. Generally, the study revealed that low moisture content molasses could be used as a partial replacement for bitumen to enhance the rheological properties of the bitumen.
The Soundscape Hackathon as a Methodology to Accelerate Co-Creation of the Urban Public Space
Authors: De Winne Jorg , Filipan Karlo , Moens Bart , Devos Paul , Leman Marc , Botteldooren Dick , De Coensel Bert
Published: March 2020

The design of urban public spaces is typically performed by architects and urban planners, which often only focus on the visual aesthetics of the urban space. Yet, a visually pleasing public open space designed for relaxing will be underused if it sounds unpleasant. Ideally, sonic design should be integrated with visual design, a need the soundscape approach answers. The current trend of co-creating the urban space together with all stakeholders, including local residents, opens up new opportunities to account for all senses in the urban design process. Unfortunately, architects and urban planners struggle to incorporate the soundscape approach in the urban design process and to use it in the context of co-creation. In this work, a hackathon is proposed to generate creative concepts, methods and tools to co-create the urban public space. A soundscape hackathon was organized in the spring of 2019. Participants were challenged to apply their own immersive approaches or virtual and/or augmented reality solutions on selected urban soundscapes. They presented their results to colleagues in the field and to a professional jury. This paper describes the process and results of the event and shows that a hackathon is a viable approach to accelerate the co-creation of the urban public space.
Acoustic Emission Burst Extraction for Multi-Level Leakage Detection in a Pipeline
Authors: Duong Bach Phi , Kim JaeYoung , Jeong Inkyu , Kim Cheol Hong , Kim Jong-Myon
Published: March 2020

Acoustic emission bursts are signal waveforms that include a number of consecutive imbrication transients with variable strengths and contain crucial information on the leakage phenomenon in a pipeline system. Detection and isolation of a burst against the background signal increases the ability of a pipe’s fault diagnosis system. This paper proposes a methodology using the Enhanced Constant Fault Alarm Rate (ECFAR) to detect bursts and exploit the burst phenomenon in acoustic emission. The extracted information from the burst waveform is used to distinguish several levels of leakage in a laboratory leak-off experimental testbed. The multi-class support vector machine in the one-against-all method is established as the classifier. The results are compared with those of the wavelet threshold-based method, another algorithm utilized for impulse and burst detection, which indicates that the ECFAR method gives an ameliorative classification result with an accuracy of 93% for different levels of leakage.
Development of Quantum Private Queries Protocol on Collective-Dephasing Noise Channel
Authors: Zhao Jingbo , Zhang Wenbin , Ma Yulin , Zhang Xiaohan , Ma Hongyang
Published: March 2020

Quantum private queries can commonly protect important information in a good many of domains, such as finance, business, military, which use quantum effects to achieve unprecedented classical private queries. However, quantum state can be easily affected by environmental noise, which affects the actual effect of quantum private queries. This paper developed a new quantum private query protocol based on four qubits logical Bell state to resist the collective-dephasing noise. The symmetric private information retrieval problem, which is the most influential problem in the process of quantum private query, was solved well by quantum oblivious transfer. It introduces the construction of four qubits logical Bell state. The quantum private query protocol innovates the quantum key distribution process by using the four qubits logical Bell state as the measurement base to measure the logical qubits, and ensures the function of quantum oblivious transmission. The protocol cannot only resist the noise influence of the communication process, but also ensure the security of both sides of the communication.
A Decision Support System for Elective Surgery Scheduling under Uncertain Durations
Authors: Clavel Daniel , Mahulea Cristian , Albareda Jorge , Silva Manuel
Published: March 2020

The operation room (OR) is one of the most expensive material resources in hospitals. Additionally, the demand for surgical service is increasing due to the aging population, while the number of surgical interventions performed is stagnated because of budget reasons. In this context, the importance of improving the efficiency of the surgical service is accentuated. The main objective of this work is to propose and to evaluate a Decision Support System (DSS) for helping medical staff in the automatic scheduling of elective patients, improving the efficiency of medical teams’ work. First, the scheduling criteria are fixed and then the scheduling problem of elective patients is approached by a mathematical programming model. A heuristic algorithm is proposed and included in the DSS. Moreover, other different features are implemented in a software tool with a friendly user interface, called CIPLAN. Considering realistic data, a simulation comparison of the scheduling obtained using the approach presented in this paper and other similar approaches in the bibliography is shown and analyzed. On the other hand, a case study considering real data provided by the Orthopedic Surgical Department (OSD) of the “Lozano Blesa” hospital in Zaragoza (HCU) is proposed. The simulation results show that the approach presented here obtains similar occupation rates and similar confidence levels of not exceeding the available time than approaches in the bibliography. However, from the point of view of respecting the order of the patients in the waiting list, the approach in this paper obtains scheduling much more ordered. In the case of the Orthopedic Surgical Department of the “Lozano Blesa” hospital in Zaragoza, the occupation rate may be increased by 2.83%, which represents a saving of 110,000 euros per year. Moreover, medical doctors (who use this tool) consider CIPLAN as an intuitive, rapid and efficient software solution that can make easier the corresponding task.
Bone Regeneration in Peri-Implant Defect Using Autogenous Tooth Biomaterial Enriched with Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Animal Model
Authors: Hwan Jung Moon , Hun Lee Jeong , Wadhwa Puneet , Bo Jiang Heng , Jang Hyon Seok , Seok Lee Eui
Published: March 2020

Tooth biomaterial may be useful in bone regeneration for restoring peri-implant defects in vivo. The aim of this study was to compare bone regeneration capacity in peri-implant defects augmented with autogenous tooth biomaterial combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), tooth biomaterial alone, or PRF alone. Two monocortical defects were generated on each tibia of 10 New Zealand white rabbits (n = 10 per group) with a trephine bur, and the dental implant was installed into the defects. In experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, the peri-implant defects were filled with tooth biomaterial and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), tooth biomaterial only, and PRF only, respectively and the control was left empty. Micro computed tomography (CT), implant stability, and histomorphometric analysis were conducted eight weeks after operation. The mean regenerated bone areas were 53.87 ± 7.60%, 51.56 ± 6.45%, and 18.45 ± 1.34% in experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 11.57 ± 1.12% in the control. Mean bone-to-implant contact values were 43.67 ± 2.50%, 41.07 ± 2.59%, and 21.45 ± 1.25% in experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 16.57 ± 2.83% in the control. Tooth biomaterial enriched with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and tooth biomaterial alone showed more enhanced regeneration than PRF alone in our study.