bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropology from Dissonance to Ambiguity: Breaking the Deadlock
Authors: Dematteo Lynda , Pandolfi Mariella
Published: July 2020

The circumstances in which Shostakovich’s 13th symphony was composed must be a wake-up call and a source of inspiration for anthropologists today, at a time when nationalism in various forms is reasserting itself: internationalism should remain our horizon. As neoliberalism is unfolding all its illiberal potential, the freedom to choose one’s research subjects and to carry out field surveys must be actively defended. Authoritarian populism has exacerbated all identity claims and spread turmoil within the academy itself. Fear now fuels identity prejudices, censorship and self-censorship. We must confront this new fear collectively, prevent people from becoming trapped in a narrow vision and thus promote dialogue and the open exchange of ideas. The rise of the question of identity as a threat is a serious challenge for anthropologists and we must all focus on our various minoritized experiences to address this issue and to strengthen democratic pluralism, because becoming minor(itarian) is the best way to defeat populism. Anthropologists must all assume their subjectivities and release their creative potential to produce critical estrangement and confront all forms of conformism here and elsewhere.
Infundibulicybe macrospora sp. nov., a new and noteworthy species from Himalayan moist temperate forests of Pakistan

Authors: ALI MUHAMMAD , KHAN JUNAID , BASHIR HIRA , NIAZI ABDUL REHMAN , SHER HASSAN , KHALID ABDUL NASIR
Published: July 2020

Infundibulicybe macrospora, a new species, is described and illustrated from the Himalayan moist temperate forests of Pakistan. The new species can be differentiated from close allies by its reddish orange to light orange pileus, whitish lamellae and stipe, and larger and broader basidiospores. The new species is also supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis inferred from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.
Schinus pampeana (Anacardiaceae): a new endangered species from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Authors: BORDIGNON SÉRGIO AUGUSTO DE LORETO , VOGEL ELY CLEUSA
Published: July 2020

Schinus pampeana is a new species from Brazilian Pampa. The new species was tentatively included in Schinus sect. Terebinthifolia, and is morphologically most similar to Schinus lentiscifolia and S. weinmanniifolia. We present here a detailed morphological description, a geographical distribution map, IUCN conservation status assessment, ecological data, photographs, and a table of diagnostic characters of S. pampeana and the most similar species. Schinus pampeana increases the total number of Schinus to about 49 species, of which eleven are recorded in Brazil.
Leptoscyphus revolutus (Marchantiophyta, Lophocoleaceae) sp. nov. from Ecuador Notes on the Bryophytes of Ecuador III

Authors: BURGHARDT MICHAEL , CADENA VERÓNICA , FERNÁNDEZ DIANA M.
Published: July 2020

Leptoscyphus Mitten (1851: 358), a medium-sized genus of the Lophocoleaceae, is mainly distributed in tropical and temperate South America, Africa and Australasia, and is generally characterized by the brownish gametophyte colour and a laterally compressed perianth with a more or less bilabiate mouth due to the reduction of the ventral lobe (Vanderpoorten et al. 2010). 15 species are reported to occur in Ecuador (Gradstein & Benitez 2017). During revision of recent collections in the National Herbarium of Ecuador (QCNE) an undescribed species came to our attention which we here describe and illustrate.
A new synonym of Spathoglottis tricallosa (Orchidaceae)

Authors: METUSALA DESTARIO
Published: July 2020

Spathoglottis calcicola (Orchidaceae) was described in early 2020 as a new and endemic species from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. After careful examination and morphological comparisons, it has been concluded that the characters of S. calcicola fall within the variation of S. tricallosa from the same island. Thus, S. calcicola is proposed here as a synonym of S. tricallosa.
First record of Stenostomum sphagnetorum (Platyhelminthes, Catenulida) from India
Authors: BHARTI DAIZY , BRUSA FRANCISCO , KUMAR SANTOSH , CHANDRA KAILASH
Published: July 2020

Catenulida are mostly inhabitants of freshwater ecosystems, like ponds, streams, though the marine species are few (Larsson and Willems, 2010). About 110 species of catenulids are known worldwide, with most of the studies conducted in South America (Marcus, 1945a, 1945b; Noreña et al., 2005), North America (Kepner and Carter 1931; Nuttycombe and Waters, 1938) and Scandinavian Peninsula (Luther, 1960, Larsson and Willems, 2010; Larsson et al., 2008). The diversity of catenulids from India has not been studied intensively; however some reports on other turbellaria exists for the country (Annandale, 1912; Whitehouse, 1913; Kapadia, 1947; Basil and Fernando, 1975; Apte and Pitale, 2011; Kalita and Goswami, 2012; Venkataraman et al., 2015). The genus Stenostomum, however, has been studied extensively around the world with identification of over 60 species (Tyler et al., 2006-2016). This is first report of the genus from India. The present study was part of the project to catalogue the diversity of free living protozoan ciliates from the Hooghly stretch of the Ganga River during which the flatworms were found. The worms were studied based on the live observations, with recognition of characters which led to its identification. This study serves to fill knowledge gap in the freshwater flatworms from India.
Description of six new species of Oecetis (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae) from Vietnam
Authors: JOHANSON JELL ARNE , PHAM THAI HONG , MALM TOBIAS , SJÖBERG TIN
Published: July 2020

The following six new Oecetis species have been described and illustrated: O. lata, O. gretae, O. malickyi, O. porntipae, O. olahi, and O. hageni. The following three Oecetis species are recorded for the first time from Vietnam: O. maron Malicky & Chantaramongkol 2005 (in Malicky 2005), O. iakchos Malicky 2005, and O. jachin Malicky & Mey 2010 (in Malicky 2010a). We present new records of the following six Oecetis species that are previously known from Vietnam: O. raghava Schmid 1995, O. biramosa Martynov 1936, O. tripunctata (Fabricius 1793), O. meleagros Malicky & Thani 2005, O. asmada Malicky 1979, and O. empusa Malicky & Chaibu 2000. A map presents the distribution of the Oecetis species included in this report.
Description of the larva of the genus Archaeopodagrion Kennedy, 1939 (Zygoptera: Philogeniidae)
Authors: NOVELO-GUTIÉRREZ RODOLFO , BOTA-SIERRA CORNELIO ANDRÉS , AMAYA-VALLEJO VANESSA
Published: July 2020

The larva of Archaeopodagrion fernandoi Bota-Sierra, 2017, is described and illustrated in detail, being the first larva described for the genus Archaeopodagrion. The description is based on F-0 larvae collected from the type locality. The larva of A. fernandoi shows great resemblance to larvae of Philogenia spp., which adds support to the hypothesis of the monophyletic family Philogeniidae which groups together Archaeopodagrion and Philogenia. However, both genera differ each other by the presence of basal, spiny, fleshy tubercles on caudal lamellae of Archaeopodagrion.
A new bee-mimicking stiletto fly (Therevidae) from China discovered on iNaturalist
Authors: WINTERTON SHAUN L.
Published: July 2020

The Chinese stiletto fly fauna is poorly known, with few species previously described and no endemic genera. A new genus and species of charismatic stiletto fly is described from northern China. Although the species was previously known from a poorly preserved specimen, the true form of this apparent bumble bee-mimic was not known until images of a live individual were discovered amongst photographs posted on iNaturalist, an online citizen scientist and biodiversity social network.
15. A Twenty-First Century Resurrection
Authors: Zebec Tvrtko
Published: July 2020

This chapter investigates a particular kind of Polka, the potresujka, which entered the field of popular culture and generated extraordinary enthusiasm as late as the twenty-first century. It explores how a dance from the early-nineteenth century undergoes a revival that is taken up and spread by modern media, independent from the folk-dance movement. As it follows the progress of the Polka in the twentieth century, it outlines a process wherein a dance goes from being local or national to transnational, and is ultimately accepted as local once again in a new and transformed context.
Correction to: A comparison of stage-specific all-cause mortality between testicular sex cordstromal tumors and germ cell tumors: results from the National Cancer Database
Authors: Zuniga Kyle B. , Washington Samuel L. , Porten Sima P. , Meng Maxwell V.
Published: July 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Multidisciplinary treatment for colorectal liver metastases in elderly patients
Authors: Hata Taigo , Mise Yoshihiro , Ono Yoshihiro , Sato Takafumi , Inoue Yosuke , Ito Hiromichi , Takahashi Yu , Yanaga Katsuhiko , Saiura Akio
Published: July 2020

Background

Limited data describe the therapeutic practice and outcomes of colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) in elderly patients. We aimed to evaluate the impact of age on multidisciplinary treatment for CRLMs.

Methods

We reviewed treatment and outcomes for patients in different age groups who underwent initial hepatectomy for CRLMs from 2004 through 2012.

Results

We studied 462 patients who were divided into three groups by age: ≤ 64 years (n = 265), 65–74 years (n = 151), and ≥ 75 years (n = 46). The rate of major hepatectomy and incidence of postoperative complications did not differ between groups. Adjuvant chemotherapy was used less in the ≥ 75-year group (19.6%) than that in the ≤ 64 (54.3%) or 65–74 age group (43.5%). Repeat hepatectomy for liver recurrence was performed less in the ≥ 75-year group (35%) than in the ≤ 64 (57%) or 65–74 (66%) age group. The 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate of 44.2% in the ≥ 75-year group was lower than in the ≤ 64 (59.0%) or 65–74 (64.7%) age group. Multivariate analysis revealed age ≥ 75 years was an independent predictor of poor DSS.

Conclusions

Liver resection for CRLMs can be performed safely in elderly patients. However, repeat resection for recurrence are performed less frequently in the elderly, which may lead to the poorer disease-specific prognosis.
Whey protein supplementation reducing fasting levels of anandamide and 2-AG without weight loss in pre-menopausal women with obesity on a weight-loss diet
Authors: Haidari Fatemeh , Aghamohammadi Vahideh , Mohammadshahi Majid , Ahmadi-Angali Kambiz , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad
Published: July 2020

Background

Despite the importance of dairy proteins in modifying of metabolic abnormalities, no attention has been given to their effects on endocannabinoids.

Methods

A total number of 60 obese women were recruited in a 2-month randomized clinical trial. Following random allocation, they were assigned to one of the two groups: control (n = 30) and intervention (n = 30). Then, all the subjects followed a hypocaloric diet of 800 kcal below estimated energy needs. The intervention group received isocaloric weight-loss diet and whey protein powders (30 g/day). Baseline and 2-month fasting anthropometric, blood glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance, lipid profile, AEA, and 2-AG were measured.

Results

The study groups were homogenous in terms of baseline characteristics (p > 0.05) except for MUFA intake (p = 0.021). There were no significant differences in energy and macronutrient intakes in the intervention group compared to the control group at the end of the study (p > 0.05). The results of the ANCOVA did not show significant reductions in body weight and BMI of the intervention group compared to the control group (p > 0.05); however, WC, body fat, FBS, AEA, 2-AG, total cholesterol, and triglyceride decreased and HDL-c significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

In this study, the effects of simultaneous weight-loss diet and whey protein supplementation on the reduction of endocannabinoids were determined.

Trial registration

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2017021410181N8. Registered on March 2017.
Nocebo effects and participant information leaflets: evaluating information provided on adverse effects in UK clinical trials
Authors: Kirby Nigel , Shepherd Victoria , Howick Jeremey , Betteridge Sophie , Hood Kerenza
Published: July 2020

Background

Nocebo effects (‘negative placebo’ effects) experienced by clinical trial participants can arise from an underlying condition or through communication about side effects in the participant information leaflets (or elsewhere). Misattributing nocebo effects to the medicinal intervention can lead to participants experiencing harmful nocebo effects and may result in distortion of adverse effect reporting. However, little is known about how information on potential side effects is provided to trial participants. There is increasing concern that the way in which potential side effects in clinical trials are described to patients in participant information leaflets (PIL) can in itself cause harm by either increased anxiety, poor adherence or inducing the side effect itself. In this study, we aimed to explore these concerns and identify the way in which potential side effects from investigational medicinal products used in trials are presented in written information to potential participants.

Methods

Trials were identified from the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number (ISRCTN) clinical trial registry (a primary registry of the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP)). Eligible studies were placebo-controlled clinical trials of investigational medicinal products (IMP) in adults conducted in the UK. We assessed readability using the Flesch Reading Ease scale, Gunning-Fog Index and Flesch-Kincaid Grade. Data extracted from the PILs were divided into 8 predefined qualitative themes for analysis in NVivo11.

Results

Most of the patient information leaflets were ranked as ‘fairly difficult to read’ or ‘difficult to read’ according to the Flesch Reading Ease scale. All studies presented information about adverse events, whereas only a third presented information about intervention benefits. Where intervention or study benefits were presented, they were usually after adverse events (21/33, 64%).

Discussion

Participant information leaflets scored poorly on ease of readability and had more content relating to adverse effects than any potential beneficial effects. The way in which adverse events were presented was heterogeneous in terms of their likelihood and severity and the amount and level of detail provided. By comparison, potential benefits from the intervention and/or study were described less often, by shorter text, and only after information about harms.
A new protocol for absolute quantification of haemosporidian parasites in raptors and comparison with current assays
Authors: Huang Xi , Huang Di , Liang Yuge , Zhang Linlin , Yang Guocheng , Liu Boye , Peng Yangyang , Deng Wenhong , Dong Lu
Published: July 2020

Background

Accurate quantification of infection intensity is essential to estimate infection patterns of avian haemosporidian parasites in order to understand the evolution of host-parasite associations. Traditional microscopy is cost-effective but requires high-quality blood smears and considerable experience, while the widely used semi-quantitative qPCR methods are mostly employed with ideal, laboratory-based golden samples and standard curves, which may limit the comparison of parasitemia from different laboratories.

Methods

Here we present a digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) protocol for absolute quantification of avian haemosporidians in raptors. Novel primers were designed that target a conserved fragment of a rRNA region of the mitochondrial genome of the parasites. Sensitivity and repeatability were evaluated compared to qPCR and other assays.

Results

This ddPCR assay enables accurate quantification of haemosporidian parasites belonging to Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon with minimum infection quantities of 10−5 (i.e. one parasite copy in 105 host genomes) without the use of standard curves. Quantities assessed by ddPCR were more accurate than qPCR using the same primers through reduction of non-specific amplification in low-intensity samples. The ddPCR technique was more consistent among technical duplicates and reactions, especially when infection intensities were low, and this technique demonstrated equal sensitivity with high correspondence (R2 = 0.97) compared to the widely used qPCR assay. Both ddPCR and qPCR identified more positive samples than the standard nested PCR protocol for the cytb gene used for barcoding avian haemosporidians.

Conclusions

We developed a novel ddPCR assay enabling accurate quantification of avian haemosporidians without golden samples or standard curves. This assay can be used as a robust method for investigating infection patterns in different host-parasite assemblages and can facilitate the comparison of results from different laboratories.
Impact of 3D genome organization, guided by cohesin and CTCF looping, on sex-biased chromatin interactions and gene expression in mouse liver
Authors: Matthews Bryan J. , Waxman David J.
Published: July 2020

Several thousand sex-differential distal enhancers have been identified in mouse liver; however, their links to sex-biased genes and the impact of any sex-differences in nuclear organization and chromatin interactions are unknown. To address these issues, we first characterized 1847 mouse liver genomic regions showing significant sex differential occupancy by cohesin and CTCF, two key 3D nuclear organizing factors. These sex-differential binding sites were primarily distal to sex-biased genes but rarely generated sex-differential TAD (topologically associating domain) or intra-TAD loop anchors, and were sometimes found in TADs without sex-biased genes. A substantial subset of sex-biased cohesin-non-CTCF binding sites, but not sex-biased cohesin-and-CTCF binding sites, overlapped sex-biased enhancers. Cohesin depletion reduced the expression of male-biased genes with distal, but not proximal, sex-biased enhancers by >10-fold, implicating cohesin in long-range enhancer interactions regulating sex-biased genes. Using circularized chromosome conformation capture-based sequencing (4C-seq), we showed that sex differences in distal sex-biased enhancer–promoter interactions are common. Intra-TAD loops with sex-independent cohesin-and-CTCF anchors conferred sex specificity to chromatin interactions indirectly, by insulating sex-biased enhancer–promoter contacts and by bringing sex-biased genes into closer proximity to sex-biased enhancers. Furthermore, sex-differential chromatin interactions involving sex-biased gene promoters, enhancers, and lncRNAs were associated with sex-biased binding of cohesin and/or CTCF. These studies elucidate how 3D genome organization impacts sex-biased gene expression in a non-reproductive tissue through both direct and indirect effects of cohesin and CTCF looping on distal enhancer interactions with sex-differentially expressed genes.
SARS-CoV-2 induced thrombocytopenia as an important biomarker significantly correlated with abnormal coagulation function, increased intravascular blood clot risk and mortality in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Bao Changqian , Tao Xiandong , Cui Wei , Yi Bin , Pan Tiewen , Young Ken H. , Qian Wenbin
Published: July 2020

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious viral disease, which lacks well-established diagnostic laboratory parameters that could be used to evaluate disease severity, thromboembolism or cardiovascular events and to predict clinical prognosis. Coagulation cascade and platelet functions have not been well studied in the COVID-19 patients.

Methods

A total of 178 patients enrolled in Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital were included for the study. Blood platelets and coagulation functions were analyzed in COVID-19 patients with non-severe and severe subgroups. Other biochemical laboratory parameters were also analyzed.

Results

Forty-nine (27.5%) out of 178 patients were diagnosed with severe disease in this study, and 129 patients with non-severe disease. Severe disease group had significant lower platelet count 186.00 (103.50–249.00) ×109/L than 251.00 (202.00–317.00) ×109/L of non-severe group, p = 0.000. Severe group also had significantly abnormal coagulation parameters than non-severe group: prothrombin time (PT) 14.55 (13.40–16.53) s vs. 12.70 (12.15–13.59) s, p = 0.000; international normalized ratio (INR) 1.21 (1.13–1.36) vs. 1.06 (1.01–1.13), p = 0.000; thrombin time (TT) 16.35 (15.69–17.47) s vs. 15.68 (14.79–16.69) s, p = 0.011; D-Dimer 1.05 (0.68–5.90) mg/L vs. 0.42 (0.28–0.79) mg/L, p = 0.000; While the liver function parameter alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) didn’t show significance between two groups, ALT 30.80 (19.00–58.30) IU/L vs. 28.80 (15.75–50.15) IU/L, p = 0.487; AST 27.80 (19.30–40.55) IU/L vs. 22.6 (16.7–32.03) IU/L, p = 0.102. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rate was 6.1% in severe group while 0% in non-severe group. Survival rate of severe disease group was worse than non-severe group, 85.7% vs. 100%, p = 0.000. Thrombocytopenia correlated with coagulation function, DIC rate and survival. Six out of 7 death case had thrombocytopenia during hospitalization, and platelet count decreased subsequently until death. Thrombocytopenia occurred within 1 week after admission in 6 recovered patients. And increased platelet levels followed by positive SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG and negative coronavirus nucleic acid tested in 8 recovered patients.

Conclusions

Low platelet count is associated with abnormal coagulation function and increased risk of DIC, severe disease manifestation and increased mortality in patients with COVID-19.
Global activation of oncogenic pathways underlies therapy resistance in diffuse midline glioma
Authors: Georgescu M.-M. , Islam M. Z. , Li Y. , Circu M. L. , Traylor J. , Notarianni C. M. , Kline C. N. , Burns D. K.
Published: July 2020

Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are aggressive pediatric brain tumors with dismal prognosis due to therapy-resistant tumor growth and invasion. We performed the first integrated histologic/genomic/proteomic analysis of 21 foci from three pontine DMG cases with supratentorial dissemination. Histone H3.3-K27M was the driver mutation, usually at high variant allele fraction due to recurrent chromosome 1q copy number gain, in combination with germline variants inATM, FANCMandMYCNgenes. Both previously reported and novel recurrent copy number variations and somatic pathogenic mutations in chromatin remodeling, DNA damage response and PI3K/MAPK growth pathways were variably detected, either in multiple or isolated foci. Proteomic analysis showed global upregulation of histone H3, lack of H3-K27 trimethylation, and further impairment of polycomb repressive complex 2 by ASXL1 downregulation. Activation of oncogenic pathways resulted from combined upregulation of N-MYC, SOX2, p65/p50 NF-κB and STAT3 transcription factors, EGFR, FGFR2, PDGFRα/β receptor tyrosine kinases, and downregulation of PHLPP1/2, PTEN and p16/INK4A tumor suppressors. Upregulation of SMAD4, PAI-1, CD44, and c-SRC in multiple foci most likely contributed to invasiveness. This integrated comprehensive analysis revealed a complex spatiotemporal evolution in diffuse intrisic pontine glioma, recommending pontine and cerebellar biopsies for accurate populational genetic characterization, and delineated common signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets. It also revealed an unsuspected activation of a multitude of oncogenic pathways, including cancer cell reprogramming, explaining the resistance of DMG to current therapies.
Effect of oxygenation modalities among patients with postoperative respiratory failure: a pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zayed Yazan , Kheiri Babikir , Barbarawi Mahmoud , Rashdan Laith , Gakhal Inderdeep , Ismail Esra’a , Kerbage Josiane , Rizk Fatima , Shafi Saadia , Bala Areeg , Sidahmed Shima , Bachuwa Ghassan , Seedahmed Elfateh
Published: July 2020

Background

Postoperative respiratory failure is associated with increased perioperative complications. Our aim is to compare outcomes between non-invasive ventilation (NIV), high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), and standard oxygen in patients at high-risk for or with established postoperative respiratory failure.

Methods

Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were reviewed from inception to September 2019. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared NIV, HFNC, and standard oxygen in patients at high risk for or with established postoperative respiratory failure. We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and Bayesian 95% credible intervals (CrIs).

Results

Nine RCTs representing 1865 patients were included (the mean age was 61.6 ± 10.2 and 64.4% were males). In comparison with standard oxygen, NIV was associated with a significant reduction in intubation rate (OR 0.23; 95% Cr.I. 0.10–0.46), mortality (OR 0.45; 95% Cr.I. 0.27–0.71), and intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections (OR 0.43, 95% Cr.I. 0.25–0.70). Compared to standard oxygen, HFNC was associated with a significant reduction in intubation rate (OR 0.28, 95% Cr.I. 0.08–0.76) and ICU-acquired infections (OR 0.41; 95% Cr.I. 0.20–0.80), but not mortality (OR 0.58; 95% Cr.I. 0.26–1.22). There were no significant differences between HFNC and NIV regarding different outcomes. In a subgroup analysis, we observed a mortality benefit with NIV over standard oxygen in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgeries but not in abdominal surgeries. Furthermore, in comparison with standard oxygen, NIV and HFNC were associated with lower intubation rates following cardiothoracic surgeries while only NIV reduced the intubation rates following abdominal surgeries.

Conclusions

Among patients with post-operative respiratory failure, HFNC and NIV were associated with significantly reduced rates of intubation and ICU-acquired infections compared with standard oxygen. Moreover, NIV was associated with reduced mortality in comparison with standard oxygen.
The Influence, Barriers to and Facilitators of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rehabilitation Adherence and Participation: a Scoping Review
Authors: Walker Adam , Hing Wayne , Lorimer Anna
Published: July 2020

Background

Outcomes following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are considered poor. There are many factors which may influence patient outcomes. As such, the purpose of this review was to report on the influence, barriers to and facilitators of rehabilitation adherence and participation after ACL reconstruction, providing information to help clinicians and patients make quality decisions to facilitate successful rehabilitation.

Methods

A systematic search of five electronic databases was undertaken in identifying studies from inception to 18 July 2019. The search included English language articles reporting on the influence, barriers to and facilitators of adherence and participation in rehabilitation of patients who have undergone ACL reconstruction. Data extraction and synthesis of included studies were undertaken.

Results

Full text articles (n= 180) were assessed for eligibility following screening of titles and abstracts (n= 1967), yielding 71 studies for inclusion. Forty-four articles investigated ‘rehabilitation prescription and participation’ and 36 articles investigated ‘rehabilitation barriers and facilitators’. The results indicate that a moderately or minimally supervised rehabilitation program is at least as effective as a fully supervised high-frequency rehabilitation program, although a longer duration of supervised rehabilitation is associated with improvement in a multitude of functional outcomes. A number of psychological factors associated with rehabilitation adherence were also identified. The most commonly investigated concepts were self-motivation, athletic identity and social support. Patients perceived the therapeutic relationship, interaction with family and friends, self-motivation, fear of reinjury, organisation/lack of time and interpersonal comparison as the most common barriers to and facilitators of rehabilitation.

Conclusions

A longer duration of supervised rehabilitation is associated with an increased chance of meeting functional and return to sport criteria; however, the optimal supervised rehabilitation frequency is yet to be determined. Identification of the barriers to and facilitators of adherence and participation in ACL rehabilitation provides an opportunity for further research to be conducted to address personal, environmental and treatment-related factors, with the aim to improve rehabilitation outcomes.
Supporting knowledge monitoring ability: open learner modeling vs. open social learner modeling
Authors: Somyürek Sibel , Brusilovsky Peter , Guerra Julio
Published: July 2020

Research has demonstrated that people generally think both their knowledge and performance levels are greater than they are. Although several studies have suggested that knowledge and progress visualization offered by open learner modeling (OLM) technology might influence students’ self-awareness in a positive way, insufficient evidence exists to show that this is the case. This paper examines the effects of open learner modeling and its extension with social comparison features, known as open social learner modeling (OSLM), on students’ knowledge monitoring abilities. We report the results of two semester-long classroom studies, using subjects who were undergraduate and graduate students in Java Programming and Database Management courses at the University of Pittsburgh. During their studies, the students were able to use different versions of an online practice system equipped with both OLM and OSLM. The students’ knowledge monitoring abilities were examined in two ways: through absolute and relative assessments. According to the results, although in both OLM and OSLM groups the students’ absolute knowledge monitoring ability increased during the semester-long study, relative self-assessment ability (i.e., their ability to compare their own knowledge levels with the knowledge levels of their peers) only increased in the OSLM group. The authors also traced relationships between the students’ academic achievement and their absolute and relative knowledge monitoring abilities.
Adaptation, Appropriation, Translation
Authors: Murdock-Hinrichs Isa
Published: July 2020

The essay analyzes Grant Gee’s and Stan Neumann’s transformations of W. G. Sebald’s The Rings of Saturn and Austerlitz into the cinematic medium. In reproducing Sebald’s methods, both filmmakers undermine traditional filmmaking conventions. By translating and appropriating the stylistics of Sebald’s text, Gee’s work echoes polyvocality and renders the influences and psychological associations of Sebald’s text into externalized fragments that convey the interwoven processes of memory, perception, and spatialization. Neumann reproduces Austerlitz’s observations more faithfully but alters the sequencing of the textual events and incorporates different media into the film. Neumann’s invention of himself as a “character” further undermines the text’s claims to authenticity and, more broadly, the notion of a stable system of signifiers. This intervention of the persona of the translator-filmmaker emphasizes the agency of the translator. Both films are neither adaptations nor translations, but they appropriate elements of Sebald to trace the effects of his techniques.
Reading Agamben from Algiers
Authors: Ghabrial Sarah
Published: July 2020

This essay addresses the question of how colonial histories might be “written back” into genealogies of exception. Its central premise is that exception insinuates itself into and finally supplants the norm from margins (symbolic, racial, and cartographic) to centers, and so this path and its archival traces must be charted in this direction. In the first half of this essay, this question is directed through discussion of Giorgio Agamben's work on exception. The second half proposes colonial legal history, and more specifically the French-colonial period in Algeria, as terrain in which these questions could be fruitfully pursued. This discussion is primarily based on the example of the so-called Native Repressive Tribunals (1902–31), institutions of exception designed specifically for the swift trial and easy detention of Algerian Muslims. I argue that the creation of the TRIs is particularly emblematic of the racial logics through which exception is normalized and its lifespan extended in perpetuity.
Introduction
Authors: Kingsley Jeremy J.
Published: July 2020

Lex mercatoria (the law of merchants) has a mythical legal status, which, whether true or not, influences legal thinking to this day. It harks back to a time of Venetian traders and a complex amalgam of European principalities that, it was believed, required merchants to establish their own private “law”’ to facilitate commerce that applied within and beyond borders. In recent years, legal scholars and practitioners are reimagining lex mercatoria in order to facilitate globalization. This special section will consider how these discussions and activities are transforming the nature of the “translocal” (places where the global is made local). We want to understand how these political, economic, social, and technological transformations have affected and continue to affect traders, corporations, and lawyers engaged in transnational, and transsystemic, legal interactions. The special section will examine these issues primarily from historical perspectives, but this essay will also interrogate the contemporary status and reimagined notion of this idea.
Back to the FutureQasbah
Authors: Robb Megan Eaton
Published: July 2020

Social and cultural historians of South Asia have long called for additional research into the qasbah, or Islamic small town. This essay offers evidence that Bijnor qasbah, through the newspaper Madinah, hosted alternate geographies and temporalities to construct authentic protest to national trends in early twentieth-century British India. Affirming arguments that the qasbah derived significance from opposition to the large city, this essay adds nuance to existing scholarship by arguing that it was in a period of diminished distance between qasbah and city that statements of the character of alterity became more significant. Through discursive analysis of the expansion of the telegraph and railway into Bijnor qasbah, alongside newspaper conversations and state documents, this essay suggests that the timescape of Bijnor was characterized by a sewing together of past, present, and future rather than only a reverence for an idealized past. The alterity of this timescape was tied to differences in local infrastructure and institutional power, enabling distinctive social and political statements in qasbahs, that in turn could empower distinctive political, religious, and social movements. This timescape enabled one qasbah, Bijnor, to establish a claim to a future alternative to the national in South Asia through its engagement in an Urdu print public, a multivalenced literary and social space clustered around communications in the language of Urdu.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in stray cats in Algiers urban area, Algeria
Authors: MOHAMED-CHERIF A. , BENFODIL K. , ANSEL S. , AIT-OUDHIA K.H.
Published: July 2020

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Human infections are common and generally asymptomatic, but they can become very dangerous in immunosuppressed and HIV-positive patients. The infection can also be serious if it is transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy. Infection in untreated mothers can lead to abortion, birth defects and blindness of the fetus. The aim of this study is to determinethe seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgT antibodies in cats in the urban area of Algiers. From December 2017 to August 2018, blood samples from 184 stray cats were collected and analyzed for IgG antibodies against T. gondii using an ELISA method. Overall, the prevalence of T. gondii infection in stray cats was 58.15% (107/184). There was no statistically significant difference between male and female cats. The rate of seropositivity of T. gondii increased with age (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the different regions from which the samples were taken. The results of the present study showed the high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in Algiers rather than in other countries. Due to the high seroprevalence of Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in cats, it is recommended to include in the prenatal evaluation, together with the adoption of a screening test and the determination of the IgG antibody titer in the high-risk populations (young girls, pregnant women) public information programs on the disease and measures that can contribute to prevention
Recombinant erythropoietin treatment does not alter the blood pressure despite elevated haematological parameters in normotensive Wistar rats
Authors: SULTAN F. , GANAIE B.A. , MIR D.M. , DAR J.A.
Published: July 2020

Use of erythropoietin (EPO) is believed to be associated with adverse cardiovascular events, especially high blood pressure. Also, its illegal use in blood doping is thought to result in detrimental events both in humans and equines. To test this hypothesis, normal Wistar rats were treated with recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO @ 400 i.u/kg s.c) or normal saline one day apart for one week. Heart rate, systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure and blood count were determined. Rats were also observed for their behaviour during the study period. rEPO significantly (P<0.001) increased the erythrocyte count (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT) and platelet count (PLT) in comparison to control animals. Despite such an increase in hematocrit which in turn increases blood viscosity, the systemic blood pressure and heart rate did not differ between the groups. rEPO treatment did not cause any untoward behavioural change in animals. In conclusion, despite the profound effect on haematological parameters (especially hematocrit), rEPO was without any effect on blood pressure and heart rate and the hypothesis of short-term erythropoietin-induced alterations in cardiac parameters was not verified.
Molecular profile of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) from poultry associated with colibacillosis in Algeria
Authors: LOUNIS M. , ZHAO G. , LI Y. , GAO Y. , WANG J. , OUMOUNA M. , OUMOUNA K.
Published: July 2020

The objective of the present study was the detection of virulence-associated genes of E. coli isolated from chicken with colibacillosis. Seventeen (17) APEC isolates were examined by two panels of PCRs for the presence of 11 genes described for avian pathogenic (hlyF, iroN, iss, ompT, iutA and fimC) and diarrheagenic (eae, stx, est, elt, ipaH and aggR) E. coli. Results revealed that none of the APEC isolates harbored the genes eae, stx, est, elt, ipaH and aggR. In another hand, 88.2% of the isolates were positive for 3 or more of the virulence genes hlyF, iroN, iss, ompT, iutA and fimC. Also, 35.3% of the isolates harbored all the six genes. Genes fimC (88.2%), iss (82.3%) and ompT (76.5%) were the most prevalent while genes hylF, iutA and iroN which were present with the same frequency (52.9%) were mostly associated with highly pathogenic strains.
Automatic migraine classification using artificial neural networks
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez Paola A. , García-González José Rafael , Rúa Ascar Juan Manuel
Published: July 2020

Background: Previous studies of migraine classification have focused on the analysis of brain waves, leading to the development of complex tests that are not accessible to the majority of the population. In the early stages of this pathology, patients tend to go to the emergency services or outpatient department, where timely identification largely depends on the expertise of the physician and continuous monitoring of the patient. However, owing to the lack of time to make a proper diagnosis or the inexperience of the physician, migraines are often misdiagnosed either because they are wrongly classified or because the disease severity is underestimated or disparaged. Both cases can lead to inappropriate, unnecessary, or imprecise therapies, which can result in damage to patients’ health.

Methods: This study focuses on designing and testing an early classification system capable of distinguishing between seven types of migraines based on the patient’s symptoms. The methodology proposed comprises four steps: data collection based on symptoms and diagnosis by the treating physician, selection of the most relevant variables, use of artificial neural network models for automatic classification, and selection of the best model based on the accuracy and precision of the diagnosis.

Results: The artificial neural network models used provide an excellent classification performance, with accuracy and precision levels >97% and which exceed the classifications made using other model, such as logistic regression, support vector machines, nearest neighbor, and decision trees.

Conclusions: The implementation of migraine classification through artificial neural networks is a powerful tool that reduces the time to obtain accurate, reliable, and timely clinical diagnoses.
Expected immune recognition of COVID-19 virus by memory from earlier infections with common coronaviruses in a large part of the world population
Authors: Dijkstra Johannes M. , Hashimoto Keiichiro
Published: July 2020

SARS-CoV-2 is the coronavirus agent of the COVID-19 pandemic causing high mortalities. In contrast, the widely spread human coronaviruses OC43, HKU1, 229E, and NL63 tend to cause only mild symptoms. The present study shows, by in silico analysis, that these common human viruses are expected to induce immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 by sharing protein fragments (antigen epitopes) for presentation to the immune system by MHC class I. A list of such epitopes is provided. The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus. For inducing protection, booster vaccinations enhancing existing immunity are less demanding than primary vaccinations against new antigens. Therefore, for the discussion on vaccination strategies against COVID-19, the available immune memory against related viruses should be part of the consideration.
Intensyfikacja współpracy gospodarczej w Unii Europejskiej w latach 2010‑2019 w świetle teorii nowej międzyrządowości
Authors: Kudławiec Klaudia
Published: July 2020

Intensification of Economic Cooperation in the European Union in the Years 2010-2019 in the Light of the Theory of New Intergovernmentality The subject of the article is the process of intensifying economic integration in the European Union in the years 2010-2019, which is to lead to the creation of a real Economic and Monetary Union. The article is based on the theory of new intergovernmentalism, through which the eurozone system reform has been analyzed. The first part presents the main assumptions of the theory of new intergovernmentalism in relation to two models of European integration: intergovernmental and supranational. The second part was devoted to four projects included in the future Economic and Monetary Union: Financial Union, Economic Union, Fiscal Union and Political Union.
Pojęcie współmałżonka w prawie unijnym – uwagi na tle orzeczenia w sprawie Coman (C‑673/16)
Authors: Kamarad Ewa
Published: July 2020

The Term ‘Spouse’ in EU Law – Comments on the Judgment in the Coman Case (C‑ 673‑16)

The paper concerns the judgment of 5 June 2018 issued by the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Coman case (C‑673‑16), in which the Court for the first time defined the term ‘spouse’ for the purpose of Directive 2004/38 on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States. It discusses the consequences of the judgement and its relation to the traditional mechanisms of private international law and the EU principle of mutual recognition.
Unia Europejska wobec Bałkanów Zachodnich w kontekście kryzysu migracyjnego w latach 2015‑2019
Authors: Banach Wawrzyniec
Published: July 2020

European Union towards Western Balkans in the Context of Migration Crisis 2015‑2019

The aim of the article is to analyse the actions taken by the European Union towards the Western Balkans in the context of the migration crisis. The study assumes that the migration crisis was an important factor accelerating the accession process of the Western Balkan countries to the European Union. In order to fulfil the research goal, an analysis of sources (European Union documents) was conducted. The paper uses elements of the theory of the regional security complex as a theoretical framework. Firstly, the activities of the European Union before the migration crisis are discussed. Next, the paper focuses on presenting the course of the crisis on the Western Balkan route. The further part of the study discusses the actions taken by the EU towards the countries of the Western Balkans in response to the migration crisis.
Flora da Bahia: Astraea (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Silva Otávio Luis Marques da , Carneiro-Torres Daniela Santos , Cordeiro Inês
Published: July 2020

This work presents the taxonomic treatment of the genus Astraea in Bahia. The state, along with Minas Gerais, has the highest diversity of Astraea, with seven species recognized: A. digitata, A. gracilis, A. klotzschii, A. paulina, A. praetervisa, A. subcomosa and A. surinamensis. The treatment includes an identification key, descriptions, photographs and distribution maps, besides comments on geographical distribution, habitat and phenology.
À PROPOS DES NOMS DU RÂTEAU ET DE LA HERSE EN OCCITAN ARANAIS. ÉTUDE DE MICRODIALECTOLOGIE GASCONNE.
Authors: CARRERA Aitor
Published: July 2020

This article deals with two designations of agricultural instruments in Aranese Gascon: the rake and the harrow. As expected, to know the names of this type of instruments related to traditional life, we must begin with with Joan Coromines’ research on Aranese. But in this case, we check insufficient data as well as very important gaps, even contradictions. After having carried out numerous dialectological surveys in the Val d’Aran, we can establish the inventory of forms that refer to these utensils and to specify their geographical distribution, which is certainly complex. We count up to a half dozen denominations, some of which do not even appear in Coromines’s work. We are able to make some considerations on the linguistic position of the Aranese languages and on the relations they maintain with the Gascon dialects located on the other side of the political border.
CONSTRUCCIONES POSESIVAS EN EL ARAGONÉS CENTRAL Y MERIDIONAL A FINALES DE LA EDAD MEDIA.
Authors: ALBESA PEDROLA Elena
Published: July 2020

The aim of this work is to deeply analyze how possession is revealed in notarial documents written in the center and the south part of Aragón in the 15th century. Special attention will be paid to this construction: (article) + noun + possessive pronoun (la casa mía), as its origin and expansion is located in Aragón; and also to this one: possessive adjective + noun (mi casa), as it is the common structure in Castilian by the same period of time. We will check if there is a difference between the results obtained in our analysis and what happened in Castilian at the same time, due to well-known variation in Aragonese among other morphological aspects. In order to get accurate data, we will extract information from 3 notarial documents from Zaragoza and another 3 documents from Teruel. All of them were handwritten in the 15th century, which is a relevant age in the history of Aragonese language because it is considered the period of the definitive advance of Castilian in Aragón and the loss of the traditional romance in the great part of the kingdom.