bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cucurbitacins and the Immune System: Update in Research on Anti-
inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms
Authors: Silvestre Geovana F. Guedes , de Lucena Renally Pereira , da Silva Alves Harley
Published: January 2022

Cucurbitacins are a wide group of natural products found in several plant families,
especially in the Cucurbitaceae family. In the last decade, there has been a significant
increase in studies aimed at identifying new biological activities of cucurbitacins
and describing their mechanisms of action. The most researched pharmacological activities
are antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity, the first being recently reviewed.
The present review explains the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory
potential of cucurbitacins, identifying the most studied compounds in this area and exploring
their mechanisms of action already studied. A brief report was made about the
main structural characteristics of cucurbitacins, in addition to an update on the biological
activities attributed to this class in the last 5 years. Cucurbitacin B and cucurbitacin E
have been identified as the most investigated when it comes to the immune response,
playing roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. The most cited mechanisms were inhibition
of COX-2 and NOS, reduction of oxidative stress, suppression of proinflammatory
cytokines and modulation of acquired immunity proteins. It was found that cucurbitacins
are promising molecules in the search for therapeutic innovation and have wide
versatility in the immune response.
A Facile Total Synthesis of Kilogram-Scale Production of SKLB1039: A Novel and
Selective Hexahydroisoquinolin-Containing EZH2 Inhibitor
Authors: Yu Luoting , Zhang Xiaoling , Feng Qiang , Zhang Qiangsheng , He Hualong , Zhang Lidan , Chang Bo
Published: January 2022

Background:

SKLB1039 is a potent, highly selective, and orally bioavailable EZH2 inhibitor, which
significantly inhibited breast tumor growth and metastasis in pre-clinical studies. In a previously reported synthesis
of SKLB1039, the yields of several steps were low, which led to an overall yield of less than 10%. In addition,
flash chromatography was required for the purification of several intermediates using this route.

Objective:

To optimize the synthesis and establish an efficient commercial-scale method for the production of
SKLB1039.

Methods:

The reaction time, solvent, reactant ratio, temperature, and mode of addition of reactants in the reductive
amination, hydrolysis, hexahydroisoquinoline formation, hydrogenolysis, condensation and Suzuki crosscoupling
reactions were optimized.

Results:

A chromatography-free seven-step process starting from a commercially available material was developed
that afforded SKLB1039 in 36% overall yield with > 99% purity.

Conclusion:

A cost-effective, high-yielding, and convergent kilo-scale synthesis for the EZH2 inhibitor
SKLB1039 was developed. The operation was simple, and the pure product was easily obtained without column
chromatography. This method will be economical and convenient for the subsequent industrial scale-up production
of SKLB1039, which will be conducive for this promising EZH2 inhibitor to enter clinical studies of its antitumor
effects.
miRNA-193b-5p Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation, Invasion, Epithelial
Mesenchymal Transition, and Tumor Growth by Inhibiting eEF2K
Authors: Gurbuz Nilgun , Kahraman Nermin , Sonmez Hafize Elif , Mokhlis Hamada Ahmed , Kosar Pinar Aslan , Ozpolat Bulent
Published: January 2022

Background:

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 4th leading cause of cancer deaths in the US due to lack of effective targeted therapeutics and extremely poor prognosis.

Objective:

To investigate the role of miR-193b and related signaling mechanism in PDAC cell proliferation, invasion and tumor growth.

Methods:

Using PDAC cell lines we performed cell viability, colony formation, in vitro wound healing and matrigel invasion assays following transfection with miR-193b mimic or control-miR. To identify potential downstream targets of miR-193b we utilized miRNA-target prediction algorithms and investigate regulation of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathways and mediators of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) The role of miR-193b in PDAC tumorigenesis was evaluated in in vivo tumor growth of Panc-1 xenograft model in nude mice.

Results:

We found that miR-193b is under expressed in PDAC cells compared to corresponding normal pancreatic epithelial cells and demonstrated that ectopic expression of miR-193b reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion and EMT through downregulation of eEF2K signaling in PDAC cells. miR-193b expression led to increased expression of E-Cadherin and Claudin-1, while decreasing Snail and TCF8/ZEB1 expressions via eEF2K and MAPK/ERK axis. In vivo systemic injection of miR-193b using lipid-nanoparticles twice a week reduced tumor growth of Panc-1 xenografts and eEF2K expression in nude mice.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that miR-193b expression suppresses PDAC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT through inhibition of eEF2K/MAPK-ERK oncogenic axis and that miR-193b-based RNA therapy might be an effective therapeutic strategy to control growth of PDAC.
Achieving MSMEs business performances by innovation and value chain through competitive advantages
Authors: Utomo Susilo , Sutrisno Joko , Sinulingga Gairah , Dachi Anugerah
Published: January 2022

Based on data from CNBC Indonesia (2019) the fashion industry has recently become a lucrative industry in Indonesia because its growth always increasing, opposite to that the product fashion made by SMEs in Indonesia is experiencing a trend of decreasing demand in its business, the number of competing products from developed countries whose prices are lower and more trendy in terms of function and appearance makes consumers prefer mass-produced products, one proof is the fashion center in the city of Bandung that been decreasing in demand for last three year, declining in public purchasing power is one of the causes of MSME products experiencing a decrease in demand, it is felt by most MSME entrepreneurs starting in 2016 until now. This is consistent with the results of research from BPS that in the year 2017 40% of the population is under pressure or crisis and ensures low purchasing power, innovation strategies, and product value are needed to be able to compete with cheap but high-quality products in the market in order to remain competitive in the market.
Uma vida para Maria de Jesus um confessor em defesa de sua beata, diante do Santo Ofício de Lisboa (1700-1701)
Authors: Pacheco Moreno Laborda
Published: January 2022

This article aims to examine the attitudes of friar Masseu de São Francisco, of the Order of Friars Minor of Portugal, before the Holy Office of Lisbon between 1700 and 1701. He was prosecuted for obstructing the work of the court and for continuing to give credit and making public the visions and revelations of the recently deceased Maria de Jesus, who had been previously convicted for fraud by the Holy Office. Friar Masseu opted for a line of argument that linked his defense to the defense of the memory of that beata. To this end, instead of answering the questions given by the inquisitors, he turned over notebooks in which he described and justified Maria de Jesus’ virtues. By doing so, he continued his old plan of writing the life of Maria de Jesus, in which the visions that for decades she said she had received from Heaven would be recognized as true.
Gérard Encausse (Papus) a Ordem Martinista e os adeptos em Portugal, Guiné-Bissau e Cabo Verde (1912-1914)
Authors: Rosa Vítor
Published: January 2022

Martinism is an initiation path that dates back to the 18th century and covers several meanings. It designates the system of theosophy constituted by Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin (1743-1803). It designates the doctrine of Martinès de Pasqually (1727-1774), who was Saint-Martin’s master. It stands for the Rectified Scottish Regime (RER) of Jean-Baptiste Willermoz (1730-1824). Finally, it marks the creation of the Martinist Order of Gérard Encausse. Better known as Papus, Gérard Anaclet Vincent Encausse (1865-1916) was a physician, writer, occultist, cabalist, Freemason, Rosicrucian, and founder of modern Martinism. He created a Martinist Order in 1887, having a great expansion in France, Europe, and the world. Portugal, Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde did not want to be left out of this non-dogmatic movement. This article intends to highlight the Portuguese correspondence with Papus, from 1912 to 1914, seeking to analyze the implementation of Martinism in these countries.
Trajetórias de vida. Nascer nos Açores no século XVIII. Abordagem demográfica
Authors: Amorim Maria Norberta
Published: January 2022

Demographic research on the 18th century is very difficult in Portugal, mainly due to the under-recording of deaths of children under seven years of age. In the case of systematic recording of parish events, the monitoring of life paths in defined spaces and periods allows us the most successful approach to the balance of demographic variables and understanding of their effects on population growth. The Azores, due to the diversity of behaviours, even between neighbouring islands, is an extraordinary laboratory of analysis for the demographic historian. In a context of near-natural fertility, important compensatory behaviours to a high life expectancy, such as emigration and high ages at first marriage, or even mortality crises, may not be sufficient barriers to growth
Padrões de casamento semanal. A relação entre os dias de trabalho e os casamentos no concelho de Fafe, 1650-1905
Authors: Fernandes Milene dos Anjos
Published: January 2022

This article analyses the evolution of the weekly distribution of weddings, over about 250 years, in the municipality of Fafe, located in the north of Portugal, based on a sample of microdata made up of 26,841 wedding dates that allow to observe the weekly pattern of weddings in the municipality of Minho, establishing a relation to the differential indicators: demographic and socioeconomic behaviours of the bride and groom, between 1650 and 1905. The results showed trends according to the characteristics of the bride and the groom. Over more than two centuries, there was a predominance of Sunday and Monday acts. However, these results do not cover all individuals since premarital conceptions and socio-professional indicators influenced the choice of the wedding day.
Os registos paroquiais como fonte para o estudo da indústria de mobiliário em Valbom, Gondomar (1860-1911)
Authors: Cardoso Cecília dos Santos
Published: January 2022

This article focuses on the study of the furniture industry in the former parish of Valbom (Gondomar), 1860-1911, based on the survey and analysis of parish records. The furniture industry experienced a significant development in this period, covering a large number of workers related to wood (carvers, carpenters, turners, etc.). The parish registers are a fundamental source for the knowledge and evolution of this activity. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the importance of this source for understanding the genesis and growth of the furniture industry in Gondomar, which became one of the most important economic activities in the municipality in the 20th century
A crise do abastecimento português (1914-1918) — os impactos sociais e económicos da guerra submarina alemã
Authors: Brandão Miguel Castro
Published: January 2022

According to our calculations, more than two hundred ships were sunk by German submarines off the Portuguese coast during the First World War. In the last few years, historiography has produced several pages about the operability of German submarine warfare, although we still do not know its social and economic impacts. Taking into account the latest scientific advances, we propose new problematics around this subject by correlating new data, in order to ascertain the direct and indirect impacts of German submarine warfare on Portuguese society and economy during the Great War.
A organização do fundo Gavetas da Torre do Tombo: ponto de situação bibliográfico
Authors: Lencart Joana
Published: January 2022

Torre do Tombo is the largest Portuguese archive. Its content, initially kept in a tower of the São Jorge castle in Lisbon, has been expanded over the centuries, despite the historical and natural incidents that have surrounded its priceless heritage, at certain times in our history. One of the broadest collections in the national archive concerns the fund Gavetas, composed of thousands of documents from the 12th century to the present. This paper intends to make a state of the art about the bibliographic production related to this collection Gavetas and its content, in order to systematise the compiled information that could be used for future historical and historiographic works.
Effectiveness of Organic Pesticides made from Cigarette Stub to the Attack Pest Intensity of Terminalia cattapa
Authors: Yudanto Yusuf Arya , Primartu Syaviela Viagul Sams , Fuadiyah Dinana Anissatul , Arifan Fahmi
Published: January 2022

The high consumption of cigarettes, especially in Indonesia, will produce harmful waste for the environment called cigarette stubs. The waste of cigarette stubs reacts with any kinds of pathogenic fungus such as Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes, Rigidoporus lignosus, and Sclerotium rolfsii. The usage of cigarette stubs as an alternative raw material for making organic pesticides can make cigarette stubs considerable as a recycled product that reduces the environment's waste. The results obtained by plants treated with biopesticides effectively resist pest attacks and support plants to naturally develop antibodies. The score of Intensity Attack (IS) from Terminalia cattapa plant applied by the biopesticides for 10 days observation results in the amount of 3.953%, with a total of 34 normal leaves and a total of 12 broken leaves. The other result of the Terminalia cattapa applied with chemical pesticides gives 12.31% of intensity attack and 12.18% of intensity attack without any treatment. This research concluded that tobacco could inhibit the attack pest of the Terminalia cattapa plant.
QUOTAS PREFERENCIAIS: UMA ANÁLISE DOS SÓCIOS QUOTISTAS E OS MERAMENTE INVESTIDORES
Authors: Arruda Pablo Gonçalves e , Mendonça Saulo Bichara
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo tem por tema a possibilidade de quotas preferencias nas sociedades limitadas sob a ótica do objetivo do sócio quando da celebração do negócio jurídico pelo qual ele se vincula a este tipo societário. Pretende-se escrutinar se há ou pode haver distinção da relação entre o sócio e a sociedade quando o primeiro tem intuito de realizar um investimento de capital sem pretender desenvolver atos de criação ou gestão institucional. O objeto em investigação é constituído pelas formas através das quais o sócio pode se relacionar com a sociedade, como quotista que representará a instituição desenvolvendo atos de idealização ou gestão ou como um quotista meramente investidor que realiza o aporte de capital ansiando por ver seu investimento retornar com acréscimos decorrentes dos resultados positivos advindos da boa prática da atividade empresarial por parte da sociedade a qual se vinculou, característica que não o iguala ao investidor-anjo, já que este não possui com a sociedade vinculo jurídico de sócio. Desta forma, tem-se as seguintes questões: a partir da análise da natureza jurídica da sociedade limitada seria justificável considerar que a vinculação desta com o sócio quotista pode se dar de forma análoga ao acionista preferencialista não votante? Sendo viável a regulamentação da figura do quotista preferencial, sua responsabilidade pelos atos que praticar na condição de sócio seriam alcançáveis pela desconsideração da personalidade jurídica?
BUSCADORES E REDES SOCIAIS: LIMITES DA MODERAÇÃO E DA LIBERDADE EDITORIAL DOS PROVEDORES DE APLICAÇÕES NA INTERNET
Authors: Pinheiro Alexandre Pereira , Pinheiro Guilherme
Published: January 2022

Este artigo, visa analisar o formato e a atuação dos provedores de aplicações, em especial buscadores e redes sociais, e como procuram justificar ações editoriais sobre o conteúdo de terceiros que circula em suas redes. Examinaremos brevemente a história jurídica que permitiu que os intermediários atuassem dessa forma. Por fim, analisaremos algumas possíveis soluções para o problema, tanto no âmbito norte-americano como no brasileiro. Conclui-se não haver, prime facie, ilegalidade na ação moderadora dos novos intermediários. Há liberdade de negócio e livre iniciativa das empresas. Mas isso não implica a necessidade de vácuo jurídico de normas que regulem os limites da atividade editorial desses intermediários. Principalmente quando se trata de plataformas que dominam amplamente o mercado em sua área de atuação.
A FACULDADE NACIONAL DE DIREITO: ALMA MATER
Authors: Oliveira Fábio Corrêa Souza de
Published: January 2022

O artigo intenta moldar um quadro representativo, conquanto sintético, da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Empreende-se, para tal, uma visita pela história, passando por episódios marcantes e desafios. Apresentam-se duas contribuições que tiveram ensejo na Faculdade a partir do engenho de San Tiago Dantas. Faz-se uma consideração sobre o mandamento constitucional da gratuidade do ensino público. Assenta-se, a partir da ambiência acadêmica descrita por Hermes Lima, a abertura recente da Faculdade para a Ética Animal. Afirma-se que a Faculdade Nacional de Direito reúne os predicados que a qualificam como alma mater studiorum.
AS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS COMO CATÁSTROFE GLOBAL E O REFUGIADO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Guerra Sidney
Published: January 2022

A proteção do meio ambiente passou a ter relevância no sistema internacional a partir do momento que a degradação ambiental atingiu números alarmantes e a sociedade a ter consciência de que a preservação do meio ambiente sadio está intimamente ligada à preservação da vida presente e futura. A proposta do presente estudo é apresentar as mudanças climáticas como a principal ameaça global, na perspectiva de possíveis cenários de catástrofes, para ao final acentuar a necessária observância por parte do direito sobre o reconhecimento da figura do refugiado ambiental.
MY PATH TO LAW AND MODERNIZATION AT YALE, 1968-70: A MEMOIR OF RADICALIZATION
Authors: Kennedy Duncan
Published: January 2022

In his paper for this collection on the history of the L&M program at the Yale Law School and in several other papers, David Trubek “affectionately” attributes a role to me, as a sort of angel of destruction or a fox in the chicken coop, a “nightmare.” This is exaggerated! I did, however, play a part in supporting the emergence from the program of legal academic projects--the Law and Society Association, the field of law and development and critical legal studies--that rejected some of the meliorist liberal Cold War assumptions of the program’s initial formulation. That involved intense academic discussions among and between students and teachers who understood ourselves to share a deep intellectual, political and often affective bond.It was a moment of radicalization. It was simultaneously about the role of the US in the world, Vietnam and the imperialist project in the background, and equally about the dramatic crisis in race relations as black opposition to white supremacy turned to various forms of violence. Although we were all pre-boomers, assistant profs and graduate students, it was no less intense than what was happening on college campuses.For all that, it is true as Dave affirms that I was vocally critical of a basic premises of the program: that making the legal systems of “underdeveloped countries” work better according to the model of the US legal system would be in the interest of those countries because it would promote economic development. My skepticism extended to the foundational idea that “modernization” itself, understood as economic development based on industrialization, with accompanying societal and institutional changes, was a benign as well as inevitable process (as long as it did not devolve into communism).
FROM LEGAL MISSIONARY TO CRITICAL SCHOLAR: MY LAW AND MODERNIZATION JOURNEY
Authors: Trubek David M.
Published: January 2022

In 1966, like a god descending from Mount Olympus, National Security Advisor Walt Whitman Rostow arrived in the US Embassy in Rio to review the USAID program. Brazil was considered to be strategically important to the US fight against communism in Latin America and the US aid program there was one of the largest in the world.The author of the leading treatise on modernization and now a high-ranking foreign policy official, Rostow symbolized the marriage of knowledge and power. Having developed the ideas about modernization that animated US development policy in the 1960s, Rostow was in Brazil to see how the  theory was working in practice.Here was the beau ideal of the Cold Warrior, armed not with guns and mortars, but with social science theory. Here was someone who could write the “non-communist manifesto” with one hand and oversee a massive foreign affairs bureaucracy with the other.60 years on, this moment remains fixed in my memory. As a junior member of the USAID Mission staff, I attended the meetings in which Rostow, in a professorial tone, told seasoned foreign aid specialists how they should be doing their jobs.I was hooked. Here was the marriage of science and policy, of modernization theory and foreign affairs. Here was a vision for a career that married success in the academic realm with success in the policy world. It inspired my move from the Department of State to academia a few years later. And it led directly to the Yale Program in Law and Modernization.The Program was set up to use the modernization theory Rostow had helped create to illuminate and guide legal development in the Third World. We started on this project with enthusiasm. But before long, many who participated in the Program began to question the modernization story. Ironically. instead of being the headquarters for the application of modernization theory to law, the Yale Program became a center for critique of the theory and the source of alternative ideas. In this essay, I trace the evolution of the Program from the beginning to the emergence of a critical stance by recounting my experience as one of its architects.
BETWEEN MANAGERIALISM AND THE LEGAL COUNTERCULTURE: THE YALE PROGRAM IN LAW AND MODERNIZATION IN THE HISTORY OF THE GLOBAL 1970S
Authors: Giovanopoulou Afroditi
Published: January 2022

Often described as a period of seismic shifts in world history, the 1970s bear the definitive marks of a conflictual era. Focusing on the unraveling of the postwar liberal consensus, historians of the United States have portrayed this decade as nothing short of an “Age of Fracture,” during which larger narratives about American democracy, the relationship of the individual to the whole, and the relationship between state and society came undone.[1] International historians point to a dramatic reconfiguration of the international order during the same decade, which saw the completion of a society of nominally equal sovereign states, once aspiring to produce a New International Economic Order but eventually defeated by the 1973 oil crisis and the rise of neoliberalism.[2] The microcosm of the Yale Program in Law and Modernization illuminates the overlapping themes of protest, disruption, disillusionment and backlash that characterized the 1970s.  Established with a significant grant from USAID, the Program, in the years of its operation between 1969 and 1976, was designed as a space of research on America’s legal modernization projects in the global periphery.  Soon enough, a diverse cast of characters, united in their interest in the Third World but otherwise quite contrasting in terms of their backgrounds, goals, and aspirations, inhabited this space. Some had direct policy experience working for the American government, while others became interested in the Third World through oppositional politics and a deep suspicion about the possibility of improvement through legal reform. While originally presented as a vessel for designing sound policy-making under the aegis of the USAID and aiding the Third World through managerial socio-legal engineering, the Program unexpectedly transformed into the breeding ground for what would eventually become Critical Legal Studies, and was soon terminated.
REVISITANDO DADOS E ARGUMENTOS NO DEBATE SOBRE JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA SAÚDE
Authors: Wang Daniel Wei Liang
Published: January 2022

Em artigo de intrigante título, “De graça até injeção na testa? Dez mitos da literatura crítica e uma defesa da judicialização da saúde baseada em evidências”, Pedro Fortes faz a crítica da crítica à judicialização da saúde. Seu argumento central é que os estudos críticos da judicialização da saúde propagariam dez mitos sobre a atuação do Judiciário em matéria de pedidos de tratamentos médicos. O artigo os chama de “mitos” porque não seriam baseados em evidências, mas sim “afirmações teóricas, hipóteses não testadas, especulações sugeridas ou opiniões ideológicas” (FORTES, 2021, p. 229).O debate franco, em que divergências são expostas de forma clara e direta, é sempre bem-vindo. Isso mantém o ambiente acadêmico vivo, vibrante e útil. É este o espírito do presente comentário de reação ao artigo de Fortes. Não pretendo defender uma tese nem refutar cada ponto com o qual discordo deste texto. Houve e haverá outros fóruns para isso. Quero apenas apontar que este artigo incide em duas falácias. Primeiro, a “falácia do espantalho”, pois dialoga com uma versão distorcida e empobrecida daquilo que ele chama de “literatura crítica” e não com o que essa literatura realmente defende. Segundo, faz uso de um tipo de argumentum ad ignorantiam que considera a falta de evidência de que algo seja verdade como evidência de que seja falso, e ainda afirma serem inexistentes evidências a que ele não prestou devida atenção.
LAUDATO SI’, ECOLOGIZAÇÃO DA JUSTIÇA SOCIAL E O JUIZ PLANETÁRIO
Authors: Benjamin Antonio Herman
Published: January 2022

Em equívocos conceituais, axiológicos e sistemáticos do Direito encontram-se a semente e a árvore inteira de teorias e práticas que moldam, confirmam ou sedimentam o fenômeno da injustiça socioecológica. No fundo, abstraídas correntes religiosas e filosóficas mais antigas, o arcabouço ético e jurídico que a respeito da gestão dos recursos naturais orienta ─ e, por vezes, cega, escraviza e desnorteia ─ o juiz latino-americano deriva, em grande medida, da noção cartesiana de res extensa, a partir da qual, segundo Sánchez Sorondo, ganha vulto uma visão distorcida do papel e do status das pessoas como donas absolutas da Terra, raiz de pretensa autorização para o saque livre das riquezas planetárias, inclusive quando ausente utilidade ou comodidade, “sem qualquer consideração pelas suas potencialidades e leis”[1]. Esse o ponto de partida que deve informar qualquer análise das relações multifacetárias entre (in)justiça social e (in)justiça ecológica.Para o pensamento católico, justiça social representa valor e modelo velhíssimos, atrelados a igualmente antigos problemas humanos, embora tanto aqueles como estes tenham adquirido grandeza, urgência e enfoques jurídicos particulares a partir do final do Século XIX e, sobretudo, no decorrer do Século XX. Nesse sentido, “as primeiras formulações sistemáticas do pensamento social cristão refletiam a rica tradição da Igreja na sua proclamação do ideal evangélico de justiça e caridade”[2]. Justiça que se socializa, no sentido de enxergar, a partir do indivíduo, grupos vulneráveis e a sociedade no seu conjunto. E caridade que ganha matizes de pluralidade e cooperação, na forma de compromisso social de um com todos e de todos com um, daí avançar para a fraternidade e para a solidariedade, bases do Welfare State.
FACULDADE NACIONAL DE DIREITO – 130 ANOS - MEMORABILIA
Authors: Amaral Francisco
Published: January 2022

A Faculdade Nacional de Direito na criação dos cursos jurídicos no Brasil. Estrutura e importância na cultura brasileira.
CONTROLE JUDICIAL DO ORÇAMENTO PÚBLICO: INSTRUMENTO PARA EFETIVAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Willian Alves de , Brito Jaime Domingues
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de demonstrar a legitimidade da intervenção judicial nas políticas públicas ligadas ao direito à educação, contrapondo o argumento de violação ao Princípio da Separação do Poderes, à discricionariedade administrativa e à reserva do possível. Aborda o direito à educação como um direito fundamental, bem como a necessidade da previsão de políticas públicas educacionais nas peças orçamentárias. Trata da judicialização da política pública e a possibilidade de controle do orçamento público. Utiliza, como fundamentação teórica, análise de textos normativos, doutrinários e entendimentos firmados pelos Tribunais pátrios. Emprega procedimento técnico de pesquisa bibliográfica, com objetivo exploratório e abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se do método hipotético-dedutivo. Por fim, conclui pela possibilidade de controle judicial do orçamento público como instrumento de efetividade da decisão que determina ao Estado a prestação adequada do direito fundamental à educação, garantindo-se a satisfação da dignidade da pessoa humana.
A QUESTÃO DA UNIDADE NAS RELAÇÕES ENTRE O JURÍDICO E O POLÍTICO: DO REFORMISMO DO ESTADO SOCIAL À RENOVAÇÃO DA TEORIA DO ESTADO
Authors: Bucci Maria Paula Dallari
Published: January 2022

A compreensão das relações entre o jurídico e o político no funcionamento do Estado e das instituições é a contribuição mais importante que pode ser proporcionada por estudos contemporâneos em Teoria do Estado (BUCCI e GASPARDO, 2018). Essa compreensão pode ser muito aprofundada a partir do exame do tema da unidade estatal. O Estado moderno que se forma com o direito liberal a partir das revoluções burguesas é corolário de um processo de racionalização e unificação. A unidade é um conceito chave que sintetiza esse processo, comportando uma releitura contemporânea. O Estado liberal se consagrou como Estado neutro, com aspiração à universalidade e distanciado de carga política específica. A versão crítica que antagoniza essa concepção, em geral abrigada na tradição marxista, acentua o aspecto político, colocando em questão não apenas a neutralidade do Estado e seu direito, mas até mesmo a possibilidade do Estado, nas leituras mais radicais. A despeito das duas concepções, a maior expressão do fenômeno estatal, o Estado social do século XX, é fruto de práticas reformistas (ditas progressistas no New Deal americano, ou socialdemocratas, em sentido amplo, no welfare state europeu), que não contaram com uma teorização sistemática sobre o Estado. No momento de reconstrução pós-pandemia e pós-período autoritário, a demanda por um papel ampliado do Estado carece dessa teorização. O papel dela é orientar uma leitura sistemática das práticas reformistas das várias experiências de Estado social – incluindo os países retardatários do desenvolvimento –, extraindo delas sentidos de unidade jurídica e política que podem dar suporte à busca de coesão social.
KIRCHHEIMER ENTRE 1928 E 1933: O PARLAMENTO COMO PRINCIPAL LOCUS DEMOCRÁTICO
Authors: Rizzi Ester Gammardella
Published: January 2022

É o Parlamento que está em destaque na obra de Otto Kirchheimer sobre a República de Weimar. Quer para criticar a escolha pelo parlamentarismo nas decisões da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte, quer para defendê-lo do Poder Executivo que promovia o saque de suas competências, referendado pelo Poder Judiciário, é essa a instituição que tem centralidade na análise do autor entre 1928 e 1933. Em dois livros e quinze artigos de intervenção política, o significado e a forma de funcionamento do Poder Legislativo para o Estado Alemão eram permanentemente debatidos. Em um primeiro momento, em função da mudança de significado gerada pela possibilidade de representação da classe trabalhadora, só possível após a implementação do fim do voto censitário e da implementação de sua universalidade. Ainda assim, a legalidade e a democracia possíveis no âmbito do Estado de Direito instituído pela Constituição de Weimar eram vistas com desconfiança por Kirchheimer. Só quando a supressão da legalidade – inclusive de sua aparência – corroeu os fundamentos da República de Weimar, Kirchheimer passou a reconhecer inequivocamente um valor emancipatório na forma direito.
Leucograma de codornices de engorde inoculadas in ovo con ácido linoleico conjugado y ácido láurico
Authors: Silva-Santos Andressa , Freitas-Pinheiro Sandra Regina , Dallago Gabriel Machado , Chaves-de-Paula Karynne Luana , De Oliveira-Littiere Thayssa , Aluísio-Rocha Alexandro , Correa-Castiblanco Diana Maryuri
Published: January 2022

Objetivo. Evaluar el leucograma de codornices de engorde inoculadas in ovo del ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) y ácido laurico (AL) mientras están expuestas a un desafío sanitario. Material y métodos. El agua de bebida fue ofrecida siente días antes de la llegada de las codornices y solo fue reabastecida, no se realizó lavado de bebederos, durante toda la fase del experimento. Los tratamientos fueron distribuidos en 480 huevos fértiles, en el 7° día de incubación: Control negativo: sin perforación, control positivo: inyectado con diluyente (aceite de maíz; AM; CLA 120: 120 mg CLA/AM; CLA240: 240 mg CLA /AM; AL 60: 60 mg AL /AM y AL90: 90 mg AL /AM. Fue utilizado delineamiento completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los leucocitos totales y el conteo diferencia de leucocitos fueron evaluados a los 21 y 36 días de edad. Resultados. Las inoculaciones, no presentaron efecto significativo (p>0.05) en los parámetros evaluados. Se observó una media de 10927.1 ± 2933.6 células/μl, 61.6 ± 7.31%, 32.0 ± 7.13% e 0.57 ± 0.21 para conteo total de leucocitos, linfocitos, heterofilos y la relación heterófilos/linfocitos, respectivamente, a los 21 días. A los 36 días, observamos una media general de 13291.7 ± 3559.0 células/μl, 65.0 ± 9.29%, 29.3±9.93% y 0.50 ± 0.24, para esas mismas variables, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Los niveles de inoculación in ovo de CLA e AL no afectaron el leucograma de codornices de engorde criadas en desafío sanitario.
Molecular investigation of most important viruses causing abortion in small ruminants: the importance of akabane virus
Authors: Cagirgan Abdurrahman Anil , Pekmez Kemal , Kaplan Murat , Arslan Fatih , Kalayci Gulnur
Published: January 2022

Objective. This study was aimed to investigate the presence of pestivirus, schmallenberg virus (SBV), akabane virus (AKAV), and determined the seasonal distribution in small ruminant abortion cases Materials and Methods. A total of 164 small ruminant aborted fetuses (39 goats and 125 sheep) were investigated in West Turkey between the years of 2015 and 2019. While the SBV and pestivirus were examined with real-time RT-PCR, the AKAV was examined with nested-PCR. Results. In this study, while four sheep (2.3%) were found to be pestivirus positive, nine sheep and one goat (5.9%) were found to be AKAV positive. SBV was detected in none of the animals. According to the results of the studies carried out, AKAV, a vector-borne virus, was detected more than other viruses in sheep and goat abortions in West Turkey. A positive akabane virus sample detected in sheep fetuses was sequenced based on the partial S segment. This sample showed 99-100% similarity to the Adana-15, Aksu-1, and Aksu-2 isolates previously detected in Southern Turkey. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequenced isolate in this study was clustered within genogroup Ib. Another important piece of data revealed in this study was the determination of the seasonal distribution of sheep and goat abortions. Abortion cases which started to increase in November reached a peak in February and declined till August. Conclusions. This is the first study in the Aegean Region (including seven provinces) in which three important viral agents were simultaneously investigated in small ruminant aborted fetuses.
Development of a Peer Support Mobile App and Web-Based Lesson for Adolescent Mental Health (Mind Your Mate): User-Centered Design Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Birrell Louise , Furneaux-Bate Ainsley , Debenham Jennifer , Spallek Sophia , Newton Nicola , Chapman Catherine
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital technologies and mobile interventions are possible tools for prevention initiatives to target the substantial social and economic impacts that anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders have on young people.

OBJECTIVE

This paper described the design and development of the Mind your Mate program, a smartphone app and introductory classroom lesson enhancing peer support around the topics of anxiety, depression, and substance use for adolescents.

METHODS

The development of Mind your Mate was an iterative process conducted in collaboration with adolescents (n=23), experts, school staff, and software developers. The development process consisted of 3 stages: scoping; end-user consultations, including a web-based survey and 2 focus groups with 23 adolescents (mean age 15.9, SD 0.6 years); and app development and beta-testing.

RESULTS

This process resulted in a smartphone peer support app and introductory classroom lesson aimed at empowering adolescents to access evidence-based information and tools to better support peers regarding mental health and substance use–related issues. The program contains links to external support services and encourages adolescents to reach out for help if they are concerned about themselves or a friend.

CONCLUSIONS

The Mind your Mate program was developed in collaboration with a number of key stakeholders in youth mental health, including adolescents. The resulting program has the potential to be taken to scale to aid prevention efforts for youth mental health and substance use. The next step is to conduct a randomized controlled trial testing the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of the program.
Chickenpox outbreak investigation - A Sabeen district, Sana’a city, Yemen, January -February 2019 (Preprint)
Authors:   Jarallah Al-Tbali, Anam Labiba , Mohamed Al-Jamrah Khaled
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox. Epidemiological profile of chickenpox varies considerably across countries, healthcare systems and immunization policies. In Yemen, chickenpox remains an important public health issue and outbreaks are not uncommon, since vaccination is not universal. On 23 February 2019, a medical doctor from AL kafji area of Assabain district notified to the Ministry of public Health& population Chickenpox infection among his family members and neighbors.

OBJECTIVE

To confirm the existence, describe epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak, and recommend prevention, and control measures.

METHODS

A door-to-door search was made for case finding and line listing with detailed epidemiological, clinical and vaccination history. Four blood samples were collected and sent for laboratory confirmation by ELISA. Data analyzed Epi info 7.2.

RESULTS

A total of 26 cases met the case definition. The outbreak started on 19 January 2019 at one house then transmitted to 2nd and 3rd neighbor houses. The Epi curve showed three peaks one for each house. The index case was male with 11 years old. The overall attack rate was 34% and the highest attack rate 56% was in the 3rd house. More than half 58% of cases were females and 46% was children in the age group 10-14 years. All cases suffered from rash with itching, 46% had vesicular lesion and 42% had lesions < 50. Eight percent of the cases had complications i.e. pneumonia. About 25% of samples was IgM positive. All cases were not vaccinated.

CONCLUSIONS

Chickenpox outbreak in AL kafji area of Assabain district was confirmed. Females were more affected than males. Introducing Chickenpox vaccine with the routine immunization, and increase the community awareness about mode of transmission and control measures for prevention are recommended.
Effect of Screen Time on Behavior of Preschoolers in Islamabad: Descriptive Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Suleman Marriam , Sughra Ume
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

The early years of childhood form the basis of intelligence, personality, social behavior, and the capacity to learn and nurture oneself as an adult. It is increasingly recognized that early and longer exposure to screens has adverse effects on the development of children. This research was significant in finding out the effects of screen time on the behavior of preschoolers, which could provide scientific grounds to the control of digital screen time.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine the effect of electronic exposure on the behavior, emotional development, and sleep quality of preschoolers and determine the average number of hours preschoolers spend with electronic devices in Islamabad.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 4 private preschools of Islamabad. A sample of 200 children aged 3 to 5 years was selected through multistage random sampling. The sociodemographic characteristics and screen time of the children were acquired by using parental questionnaires. Children were grouped based on a daily screen time of ≤60 minutes or >60 minutes. An analysis was conducted based on the results of the Child Behavior Checklist for children aged 1.5 to 5 years. The Cronbach α coefficient was found to be .925. It was analyzed by using SPSS version 22 (IBM Corporation). A chi-square test, an independent sample t test, and multilinear regression were applied to determine the associations and significance levels between the variables.

RESULTS

The study results indicate that increased screen time was found to be statistically significant with regard to a child’s age, their education level, and the employment status of mothers. It was observed that preschoolers with a screen time of >60 minutes (mean 11.94, SD 3.91; P=.01) tend to more commonly experience withdrawn syndrome than those with a screen time of ≤60 minutes (mean 10.72, SD 3.01). Similarly, sleep problems were also more commonly observed in preschoolers with a screen time of >60 minutes (mean 10.97, SD 3.20; P=.01) when compared to those with a screen time ≤60 minutes (mean 9.90, SD 2.59). It was also observed that increased screen time had an association with autism spectrum problems among preschoolers with a screen time of >60 minutes (mean 17.66, SD 5.89; P=.047) when compared to those among preschoolers with a screen time of ≤60 minutes (mean 16.17, SD 4.58). The strongest predictor of the outcome variable was found to be mothers’ education level (ß=21.53).

CONCLUSIONS

The findings reveal that excessive screen time is a deleterious factor associated with the behavioral problems of preschoolers. Parents must also think about their child’s screen time. This requires parents’ active engagement and constant attention, so that the development and growth of their children are not affected adversely.
Эффективность применения количественного ультразвукового исследования для ранней диагностики и лечения остеопороза
Authors: Hans Didier
Published: January 2022

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Адсорбционно-реологические свойства крови при ревматоидном и реактивном артритах
Authors: Lukashenko L.V. , Pavluchenko A.K. , Gonchar G.A. , Sinyachenko O.V.
Published: January 2022

Ревматоидный и хламидийиндуцированный реактивный артриты протекают с изменениями вязких и релаксационных свойств сыворотки крови, причем второй физико-химический параметр в этих группах больных имеет разную (соответственно увеличенную и уменьшенную) направленность. Оба заболевания суставов отличаются также между собой более высокими значениями времени релаксации сыворотки крови при ревматоидном артрите и превалированием показателя модуля вязкоэластичности при реактивном, параметры которых коррелируют между собой, с поверхностной вязкостью и упругостью, зависят от клинических признаков течения болезней, уровней сывороточных сурфактантов и поверхностно-неактивных веществ. Адсорбционно-реологические свойства сыворотки крови влияют на характер агрегации эритроцитов и тромбоцитов цельной крови.
Половой диморфизм анкилозирующего спондилита
Authors: Sinyachenko O.V. , Lukashenko L.V. , Palyuchenko A.K. , Tov I.V.
Published: January 2022

Соотношение мужчин и женщин, страдающих анкилозирующим спондилитом, составляет 9 : 1, причем наблюдается половой диморфизм характера поражений периферических суставов, позвоночника и экстраартикулярных признаков болезни. Для мужчин специфичны вовлечение в патологический процесс пястно-фаланговых, лучезапястных, тазобедренных суставов, шейного отдела позвоночника, развитие околосуставного остеопороза, офтальмопатий и патологии почек, а для женщин — локтевых, плечевых, голеностопных сочленений, грудного и поясничного отделов позвоночника, формирование остеокистоза, костных узур, отложений кальция в артикулярных тканях, появление энтезопатий, тендовагинитов, изменений со стороны сердца, легких и нервной системы.
АКТИВНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ КЕРАТИТОВ И ГНОЙНЫХ ЯЗВ РОГОВИЦЫ
Authors: Pavlyuchenko K. , Mogilevsky S. , Tereshchenko Yu. , Zykov I.
Published: January 2022

В данной работе представлен литературный обзор применения активных подходов, в частности хирургических, в лечении бактериальных кератитов и гнойных язв роговицы. Проанализированы методы лечения гнойных поражений роговой оболочки в виде термовоздействий, лазерного воздействия, кератэктомии, биологических покрытий, кератопластики и нового метода кератоксеноимплантации. Проблема лечения и реабилитации больных с бактериальными кератитами и гнойными язвами роговицы остается весьма актуальной и далеко не решенной в современной офтальмологии. Метод кератоксеноимплантации в лечении бактериальных поражений роговицы является в настоящее время одним из наиболее перспективных.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ ГЕМОДИНАМИКИ И ЗРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ ПРИ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ НЕЙРОПАТИИ ЗРИТЕЛЬНОГО НЕРВА
Authors: Zavgorodnyaya N.G. , Bezdenezhnaya O.A. , Bezdenezhny S.V.
Published: January 2022

Ишемия сетчатки и зрительного нерва является одной из главных причин слепоты и слабовидения.Цель исследования: повышение эффективности диагностики хронической ишемической нейропатии зрительного нерва путем разработки дополнительных диагностических критериев.Материалы и методы: Обследовано 109 пациентов (197 глаз) в возрасте от 41 до 86 лет с ХИНЗН и 30 добровольцев (60 глаз) без офтальмологической патологии, в возрасте от 50 до 76 лет. Помимо общего офтальмологического исследования, всем пациентам проводилась компьютерная периметрия, фосфен-тест, триплексное ультразвуковое сканирование сонных, позвоночных артерий и сосудов бассейна глазной артерии, компьютерная офтальмосфигмография и компьютерная реоофтальмография.Результаты и обсуждение: У всех пациентов были отмечены изменения в магистральных артериях головы. Преобладали сочетанные поражения сонных (СА) и позвоночных артерий (ПА) (68% больных). Развитие хронической ишемической нейропатии зрительного нерва характеризуется снижением в глазничной артерии пиковой систолической скорости кровотока менее 41 см/с и конечной диастолической скорости кровотока менее 10,4 см/с; снижением корригированной остроты зрения на 0,2 Ед (20 %), уменьшением суммарной чувствительности сетчатки в центральной и в периферической (11˚- 50˚) зонах на 147 дБ (14 %) и на 1431 дБ (76 %) соответственно, и повышением порога электрической чувствительности на 32 мкА (67 %) и снижении лабильности зрительного нерва на 15 Гц (24 %) по сравнению с возрастной нормой (Р < 0,001).Заключение: развитие данного заболевания сопровождается снижением остроты зрения, специфическими изменениями поля зрения, а также характеризуется снижением максимальной систолической скорости кровотока в глазничной артерии < 41 см/с и конечной диастолической скорости кровотока в том же сосуде <10,4 см /с (чувствительность равна 87,2 % и 91,2 % соответственно, специфичность – 98,3 % для обоих показателей). Последние показатели могут быть использованы офтальмологами в качестве критериев ранней диагностики данного заболевания.