bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Physicochemical Properties of Specialty Carbon Black and Its Catalytic Pyrolysis Performance
Authors: Shao Wenjie , He Ziguo , Mei Hailong , Fang Zhiyong , Ling Qiang , Cui Ping
Published: October 2024

Solid propellants have significant applications in aerospace, and improving their combustion performance has become a hot research topic in recent years. Carbon black (CB) has been widely used in the field of catalytic pyrolysis due to its low cost, controllable morphology, and ease of modification. Herein, we first investigates the structure-activity relationship between the physicochemical properties of nine types of CB with a particle size range of 1-15 μm and a mass fraction of 5%, including oil absorption value, compression oil absorption value, and oxygen content, and the catalytic pyrolysis of ammonium perchlorate (AP), concluding that the function relationship between oil absorption value and high-temperature peak is Y1=1032.67-9.618x+0.038x2, the function relationship between compression oil absorption value and high-temperature peak is Y2=145.537+62.365ln(x), and the function relationship between oxygen content and high-temperature peak is Y3=e(6.085-0.02/x). Based on these, we further uses coal tar, which is abundant in sources, as the raw material to prepare five types of coal-based CB marked as CB1-CB5 at pyrolysis temperatures of 1000~1800 ℃. The relative error between the actual peak value and the predicted value of the CB/AP composite particles is less than 5%, proving that the peak temperature model of CB/AP composite particles can guide actual production. This study contributes to promoting CB application in improving the catalytic pyrolysis performance of ammonium perchlorate and enhancing the high added value utilization of coal-derived products.
Research on the Influence of Competition Between Festuca arundinacea Schreb. And Trifolium pratense L., Grown in Simple Mixtures, on the Quality of the Fodder Obtained
Authors: Vintu Vasile , Zait (Grapan) Teodora , Samuil Costel , Nazare Adrian-Ilie
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research carried out between 2021 and 2023 was to analyse the influence of competitiveness between Festuca arundinacea Schreb. and Trifolium pratense L., cultivated in simple mixtures, on the quality of the fodder obtained, under the conditions of the northern Romanian forest steppe. In the experiment organized at the Ezăreni Student Research and Practice Station of Iasi University for Life Sciences, two factors were studied, namely the cultivation system used, with five graduations: a1 - Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (100 % - control); a2 - Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (75 %) and Trifolium pratense L. (25 %); a3 - Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (50 %) and Trifolium pratense L. (50 %); a4 - Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (25 %) and Trifolium pratense L. (75 %); a5 - Trifolium pratense L. (100 %) and mineral fertilization with 5 graduations, respectively: b1 - unfertilized (control), b2 - N50P50; b3 - N75P75; b4 - N100P100; b5 - N150P150. The obtained results showed that the process of interspecific competitiveness was greatly influenced by the percentage of participation in the sowing norm of the species in the mixture, the biological peculiarities of the species under study, as well as the climatic conditions specific to each agricultural year.
Assessing the Post Fire Recovery of Mined Under Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (THPSS)
Authors: Anzooman Monia , McKenna Phill , Ufer Natasha , Baumgartl Thomas , McIntyre Neil , Shaygan Mandana
Published: October 2024

The Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (TPHSS), unique to the Sydney Basin of Australia, were burnt during the 2019-2020 wildfire season. This study assessed the post fire recovery of swamps and the ability of remote sensing technique to determine the post-fire recovery patterns. Specifically, the study investigated differences in fire recovery between swamps where groundwater level and soil moisture content have been impacted by underground mining and unimpacted by mining. Two mined and one non-mined under swamps were investigated. Soil moisture measurements were taken at five sites and previously conducted vegetation field surveys (from 2016 to 2022) were used. Using remote sensing information, Normalised Differenced Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Moisture Index (SMI) time-series were calculated and compared with ground data to map responses over the swamps following the fire impact. This study revealed that hydrological conditions of swamps have a direct effect on post-fire recovery of swamps, with slower recovery in mined under swamps compared with non-mined under swamps. This study indicated that NDVI and SMI indices can exhibit the recovery pattern of swamps in terms of vegetation and hydrology. However, the evaluation of recovery pattern of a specific vegetation species requires a frequent field survey.
Mineral Deposition on the Rough Walls of a Fracture
Authors: Rodrigues Nathann Teixeira , Carrasco Ismael S. S. , Voller Vaughan R. , Aarão Reis Fábio D. A.
Published: October 2024

Modeling carbonate growth in fractures and pores is important for understanding carbon sequestration in the environment or when supersaturated solutions are injected into rocks. Here we study the simple but nontrivial problem of calcite growth on fractures with rough walls of the same mineral using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of attachment and detachment of molecules and scaling approaches. First we consider wedge-shaped fracture walls whose upper terraces are in the same low energy planes and show that the valleys are slowly filled by propagation of parallel monolayer steps in the wedge sides. The growth ceases when the walls reach these low energy configurations, so that a gap between the walls may not be filled. Secondly we consider fracture walls with equally separated monolayer steps (vicinal surfaces with roughness below $1$~nm) and show that growth by step propagation will eventually clog the fracture gap. In both cases, scaling approaches predict the times to attain the final configurations as a function of the initial geometry and of the step propagation velocity in the chosen supersaturation. The same reasoning applied to a random wall geometry shows that step propagation leads to lateral filling of surface valleys until the wall reaches the low-energy crystalline plane that has the smallest initial density of molecules. Thus, the final configurations of the fracture walls are much more sensitive to the crystallography than to the roughness or to the local curvature. The framework developed here may be used to determine those configurations, the times to reach them, and the mass of deposited mineral.
Descriptive Analysis of Patients Treated with Diroximel Fumarate and Dimethyl Fumarate. A Real-Life Experience
Authors: Blanco-Ruiz Marina , Sanchez-Rodriguez Belen , Ruiz-Franco Maria Luisa , Molina Cuadrado Emilio , Sierra García Francisco , Muñoz Fernández Carmen
Published: October 2024

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and diroximel fumarate (DRF) are two treatments used in multiple sclerosis (MS), that have been shown to be effective in controlling MS patients. DRF was intro-duced in 2019, with the aim of decreasing the gastrointestinal side effects caused by DMF. Few real-life studies verify the data provided in the clinical trials. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in MS patients at the Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas under treatment with DRF and DMF. Demographic, clinical, and analytical variables were studied and compared between groups. Results: 60 patients were recruited, 30 with each treatment, observing similar baseline characteristics. Fewer gastrointestinal (GI) effects were observed in the DRF group, while more infections were detected in the DMF group. We recorded lower levels in the DRF group, with 4 moderate-severe lymphopenia in the DRF group vs. none in the DMF group. In addition, we observed a decrease in lymphocytes after the change from DMF to DRF in patients with a change. Conclusions: Our real-life analysis of patients treated with DMF or DRF supports studies’ findings of decreased GI side effects with DRF vs. DMF, without decreasing efficacy. However, our data show greater reduction in lymphocytes in patients with DRF compared to DMF, so more studies are necessary.
Rivers Water Quality Monitoring Using LoRa Based IoT
Authors: Pires Luís , Gomes José
Published: October 2024

Water pollution is a major global problem and the deterioration of water quality in rivers in many situations is becoming more widespread day by day, this causes a serious threat to all living beings and is eventually leading to the extinction of many aquatic species and others that depend on them. Therefore, with the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), monitoring the state of river water, for taking quick action to safeguard rivers becomes a pressing need, and is the main objective. An investigation was made into some existing IoT technologies and other related work to help achieve the objective of this project. In this paper we develop a low-cost solution based on Long Range (LoRa) to check in real-time, with specific sensors, some water parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity, and turbidity. The data collected in a sensor node is sent via LoRa modulation to a gateway, where it is processed, forwarded to a local Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) server, displayed on a local Node-RED dashboard, and alternatively it can be sent to the Internet. The developed prototype system is tested in a real scenario and proves that it can reliably monitor the water quality of a river in a reasonably sized area.
Colorectal Cancer: A Brief and Simplified Analysis of a Complex Disease
Authors: Petrov Krasimir Todorov , Ivanov Ivan Nedkov , Popovska Savelina Lubenova , Betova Tatjana Marinova , Kamburova Zornica Bogomilova
Published: October 2024

In this study we summarized our work on various aspects of colorectal adenocarcinomas, 1
focusing on tumor distribution (left- sided, right- sided, and rectal cancers), histologycal type, patient 2
age, gender and several factors affecting prognosis. These predictive and prognostic factors include 3
peritumoral budding, lymphovascular ant perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis, mismatch 4
repair status, and corellations with some frequently known mutations in colorectal adenocarcinomas, 5
detected using Next- Generation Sequencing (NGS) platform. This comprehensive approach allowed 6
us to explore how these factors interplay and influence the clinical outcome of patients with colorectal 7
adenocarcinoma. Additionaly, our findings contribute to the understanding of how genetic mutations 8
may correlate with histological features and prognostic markers, potentially guiding personalized 9
treatment strategies in the future. In our study, we do not claim to have exhausted the research on 10
the topic, and we fully recognized the need for more extensive and in-depth studies in this area of 11
tumor pathology.
Gauge-Invariant Perturbation Theory on the Schwarzschild Background Spacetime Part II: — Even-Mode Perturbations —
Authors: Nakamura Kouji
Published: October 2024

This is the Part II paper of our series of papers on a gauge-invariant perturbation theory on the Schwarzschild background spacetime. After reviewing our general framework of the gauge-invariant perturbation theory and the proposal on the gauge-invariant treatments for l=0,1 mode perturbations on the Schwarzschild background spacetime in the Part I paper [K. Nakamura, arXiv:2110.13508 [gr-qc]], we examine the linearized Einstein equations for even-mode perturbations. We discuss the strategy to solve the linearized Einstein equations for these even-mode perturbations including l=0,1 modes. Furthermore, we explicitly derive the l=0,1 mode solutions to the linearized Einstein equations in both the vacuum and the non-vacuum cases. We show that the solutions for l=0 mode perturbations includes the additional Schwarzschild mass parameter perturbation, which is physically reasonable. Then, we conclude that our proposal of the resolution of the l=0,1-mode problem is physically reasonable due to the realization of the additional Schwarzschild mass parameter perturbation and the Kerr parameter perturbation in the Part I paper.
Heavy Metal Poisoning in Aratinga jandaya in an Urban Environment in the Amazon Biome
Authors: Sakata Ketelen Ayumi Corrêa , Gomes Karen Emanuelly Pinheiro , Oliveira Hanna Gabriela da Silva , Correa Letícia Yasmin Silva , Lopes Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque , Thiesen Roberta Martins Crivelaro , Domingues Sheyla Farhaylde Souza , Salvarani Felipe Masiero
Published: October 2024

The true parakeets (Aratinga jandaya) inhabit the northern and central-eastern regions of South America, where their survival is increasingly threatened by illegal wildlife trafficking and anthropogenic activities. These pressures force the birds to seek new habitats, increasing their exposure to heavy metal ingestion in urban environments. This study presents the first documented cases of heavy metal poisoning and its treatment in two A. jandaya specimens rescued and treated at a university hospital in Castanhal, Pará, Brazil. Clinically, bird 1 exhibited dry nostrils and diarrhea, while bird 2 showed wing weakness, slight opisthotonos, a tilted posture, and more erect feathers. Radiographs and blood tests confirmed the presence of metallic content in the ventriculus of both birds. Chelation therapy with calcium edetate at a dose of 70 mg/kg, administered twice daily via oral route for 7 and 10 days, respectively, resulted in the successful elimination of the metal. Both birds were discharged after 1 month and 6 days of treatment, and subsequently released. The chosen chelation protocol proved effective without the need for invasive procedures, marking a significant step in the management of heavy metal toxicity in A. jandaya.
Partial Cell Fate Transitions to Promote Cardiac Regeneration
Authors: Yang Jianchang
Published: October 2024

Heart disease, including myocardial infarction (MI), remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating the development of more effective regenerative therapies. Direct reprogramming of cardiomyocyte-like cells from resident fibroblasts offers a promising avenue for myocardial regeneration, but its efficiency and consistency in generating functional cardiomyocytes remain limited. Alternatively, reprogramming induced cardiac progenitor cells (iCPCs) could generate essential cardiac lineages, but existing methods often involve complex procedures. These limitations underscore the need for advanced mechanistic insights and refined reprogramming strategies to improve reparative outcomes in the heart. Partial cellular fate transitions, while still a relatively less well-defined area and primarily explored in longevity and neurobiology, hold remarkable promise for cardiac repair. It enables the re-programming or rejuvenation of resident cardiac cells into a stem or progenitor-like state with enhanced cardiogenic potential, generating the reparative lineages necessary for comprehen-sive myocardial recovery while reducing safety risks. As an emerging strategy, partial cellular fate transitions play a pivotal role in reversing myocardial infarction damage and offer sub-stantial potential for therapeutic innovation. This review will summarize current advances in these areas, including recent findings involving two transcription factors that critically regulate stemness and cardiogenesis. It will also explore considerations for further refining these ap-proaches to enhance their therapeutic potential and safety.
Selected Factors Determining the Disposal of Stale Bread by Polish Consumers
Authors: Bilska Beata , Tomaszewska Marzena , Kołożyn-Krajewska Danuta
Published: October 2024

Bread is one of the most popular products consumed almost daily and, simultaneously, the most frequently wasted product in large quantities. The factors determining this phenomenon in a household must first be known in order to develop and implement effective programmes to combat consumers throwing away bread. Minimizing bread waste contributes to achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 12 of "halting food waste by 2030". The aim of the study was to examine the influence of selected sociodemographic, economic and behavioural characteristics of consumers on the methods of managing stale bread. The study was conducted on a nationwide, random, and representative group of 1115 adult respondents. Over 15% of respondents admitted throwing stale bread into the waste container. Statistical analysis showed that the highest percentage of younger people, residents of large cities, and working people declared throwing unused bread into the waste container. More than 1/3 of respondents declared that they process stale bread into breadcrumbs. A higher percentage of the oldest people, residents of rural areas, and families with more than four adults declared that they manage bread this way. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of bread purchase and all methods of managing stale bread (except for feeding animals). The place of purchase influenced four methods of handling stale bread.
Extent of Pain Distribution in Entrapment of the Greater Occipital Nerve Identified Through Skin Lesions of Herpes Zoster Involving the Greater Occipital Nerve
Authors: So Hyungmin , Son Byung-chul
Published: October 2024

Herpes zoster (HZ) involving the upper cervical nerves (C2-C4), which innervate the posterior head, is rare. There have also been few reports of HZ lesions involving the greater occipital nerve (GON), which refers to the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of the second cervical nerve. Pain due to GON entrapment radiates not only to the temporo-occipital region, but also to the ear, retro-auricular and sub-auricular areas of the neck, the angle of the jaw, and the posterolateral neck. Herein, we present the case of a patient who underwent decompression surgery for referred trigeminal pain due to GON entrapment and who developed HZ one week later. Skin lesions of HZ involving the GON occurred not only in the occipital area but also in the ipsilateral ear, auricle, posterior and anterolateral neck. This case of HZ involved all cutaneous areas innervated by the C2, C3, and C4 spinal nerves. The extent of the skin lesions indicated where the pain from the GON radiated.
Efectos de los bisfosfonatos en el tratamiento de ortodoncia. Revisión de la literatura
Authors:   , Jimenez Valdivia Ludy Marileidy
Published: October 2024

La prevención y manejo de la disminución de la densidad ósea, que se presenta en condiciones como la osteoporosis o la metástasis ósea relacionada con otras enfermedades, involucra el uso de medicamentos que inhiben la resorción ósea, modulan el recambio óseo, por tanto, intervienen en el ciclo del remodelado óseo. Entre estos medicamentos encontramos a los bisfosfonatos (BFs) y es de importancia conocer la acción y efecto de estos sobre estructuras y mecanismos relacionados. El objetivo del presente artículo fue revisar la literatura existente sobre la influencia de los BFs en el movimiento dentario ortodóncico, riesgo de osteonecrosis y riesgo de resorción radicular, así como el uso de BFs como coadyudante en la estabilidad del tratamiento ortodóntico. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda electrónica de estudios en idioma español e inglés entre 2000 – 2022 sobre la influencia de los bisfosfonatos en el movimiento de ortodoncia a través de Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Scielo. Los términos principales utilizados en inglés y en español fueron: Biphosphonates and Tooth Movement, Biphosphonates and orthodontics, Biphosphonates and orthodontic tooth movement and pharmacological anchorage. Se incluyeron estudios retrospectivos, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, revisiones de literatura y revisiones sistemáticas. La revisión de la literatura reveló que los BFs son medicamentos indicados para tratar desórdenes del metabolismo óseo, ya que su mecanismo de acción consiste en inhibir la resorción ósea por los osteoclastos. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que estos medicamentos pueden generar efectos secundarios durante el tratamiento ortodóncico. El uso de BFs repercute en los resultados del tratamiento ortodóncico ya sea por aplicación local o sistémica disminuyendo el movimiento dental y la recidiva en ortodoncia.
Capacitación de personal y desarrollo profesional en la empresa El Cristal SCRL, zona Lima Este (Perú), 2023
Authors:   , Carhuamaca Mendoza Luis Angel , Ccoñas Escobar Mariam Yulissa
Published: October 2024

La investigación titulada Capacitación de personal y desarrollo profesional en la empresa El Cristal SCRL, zona Lima Este (Perú), 2023 tuvo como propósito determinar de qué manera se relaciona la capacitación de personal con el desarrollo profesional en dicha organización objeto de estudio. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación se utilizó el diseño no experimental transversal correlacional – causal, el enfoque fue cuantitativo, también la población y muestra estuvieron compuesta por 28 colaboradores de la empresa. A través de esta investigación, se evidenció que había una correlación fuerte y significativa entre la capacitación de personal y el desarrollo profesional, lo que implica seguir fortaleciendo la motivación del talento humano para poder satisfacer sus necesidades personales y profesionales, brindando oportunidades laborales y de crecimiento en la organización. El sustento de este resultado se basa en el hecho de que se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación Rho de Spearman de 0.613 y con un valor de significancia de p = 0.001, en consecuencia, la hipótesis alterna planteada fue verdadera.
Comercio electrónico y el proceso de ventas de la empresa J.O.R Sport, Lima 2022
Authors:   , Benavides Diaz Lesly Noemi , Oyola Garcia Mery Ann
Published: October 2024

La interacción entre el comercio electrónico y el proceso de ventas ha transformado la dinámica del mercado, generando mayor conveniencia para los consumidores y brindando oportunidades de crecimiento a las empresas que se ajustan eficazmente a este cambio. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación existente entre el comercio electrónico (C.E) y el proceso de ventas (P.V.) de la empresa J.O.R. SPORT, dedicada a la comercialización de ropa deportiva para damas y caballeros. La investigación fue de tipo básica, diseño no experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo y nivel correlacional. Se aplicó la encuesta a través del cuestionario a una muestra de 220 clientes de la empresa. La confiabilidad se midió a través del coeficiente del Alfa de Cronbach, concluyendo en una óptima confiabilidad para ambas variables. Se concluyó en una relación significativa, positiva y débil obteniendo un p= 0.001 < 0.05 y un Rho = 0,381, se evidencia la presencia de una relación estadísticamente relevante entre ambas variables. Con el aumento de estrategias del comercio electrónico, el proceso de venta también mostró una tendencia al crecimiento, se constató que el grado de relación no es muy fuerte, esto sugiere la importancia de priorizar la confianza en la utilización del dinero electrónico y reforzar la seguridad en las transacciones digitales.
Nivel de conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas sobre la prescripción antibiótica en estudiantes de posgrado de Odontología en dos Universidades del Perú
Authors:   , Orellano Merluzzi Sara Daniela
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue determinar el nivel de conocimiento, actitudes e intención de prácticas sobre la prescripción antibiótica en estudiantes de posgrado de odontología de la Universidad Científica del Sur y la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Materiales y métodos: Esta investigación descriptiva transversal se aplicó a una muestra poblacional de 91 participantes abarcando las dos universidades a nivel de especialidades y maestrías. Un cuestionario 17 preguntas sobre conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas sobre la prescripción antibiótica, validado por un estudio previo y revisado por dos expertos del área de farmacología fue aplicado. La prueba de Chi cuadrado y U de Mann-Whitney fue aplicado a un P<0,05. Resultados: Un nivel medio se encontró en conocimientos (62,6%) y actitudes (51,6%) y un nivel alto se halló sobre la intención de prácticas (85,5%) de prescripción antibiótica en la muestra total, sin diferencias por tipo de universidad, nivel de estudios, ni años de experiencia profesional (≥0,05). Los antibióticos más utilizados en primera elección fueron la amoxicilina con y sin ácido clavulánico, y en segunda elección la clindamicina. Conclusión: Los estudiantes de posgrado de la UNMSM y la UCSUR presentan un nivel medio en conocimientos y actitudes y un nivel alto en intención de prácticas sobre la prescripción antibiótica.
Structural Vulnerability Factors and Gestational Weight Gain: A Scoping Review on the Extent, Range, and Nature of the Literature
Authors: Labonté Jocelyne M , Dumas Alex , Clark Emily , Savard Claudia , Fournier Karine , O’Connor Sarah , Morisset Anne-Sophie , Fontaine-Bisson Bénédicte
Published: October 2024

Background: Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are rising epidemiological health concerns, affecting a substantial proportion of pregnant women in high-income countries and contributing to a multitude of adverse maternal and infant health outcomes. The aim of this scoping review was to identify key structural vulnerability factors (SVFs) related to GWG, and to examine the extent, range, and nature of the existing literature to inform future research.
Methods: Electronic searches were performed in October 2018 (updated in August 2019) in MEDLINE(R) ALL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Sociological Abstracts databases. Eligible studies had an observational design, had to be conducted before COVID-19, in a high-income country, have pregnant participants, and perform inferential statistics between an SVF and GWG.
Results: Of the 157 included articles, the eight SVFs most commonly studied in association with GWG were race/ethnicity (n=91 articles), age (n=87), parity (n=48), education (n=44), income (n=39), marital status (n=28), immigration (n=19), and abuse (n=12). Substantialheterogeneity across study contexts, methodologies, populations, and findings was identified. Studies spanned 22 high-income countries, were predominantly conducted in the USA (77%), and most studies (60%) had a retrospective design. Race/ethnicity was the most extensively studied factor, covering the longest time period (since 1976) and having the largest sample size, and the second-highest proportion of studies reporting a significant relationship with GWG (79%), following immigration status (95%).
Conclusions: Given the heterogeneity in findings across studies, adopting an intersectional approach may enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between SVFs and the social context in relation to GWG. This nuanced perspective is critical for informing future research and developing effective strategies to address the pervasive perinatal health challenges associated with inadequate and excessive GWG.
Genomic insight into X chromosome dynamics in high altitude adaptation of trans-Himalayan yaks
Authors: Dige Mahesh Shivanand , Mahar Karan , Goli Rangasai Chandra , Gurao Ankita , Kumar Amod , Chitkara Meenakshi , Jagadeeesan K , Ahlawat Sonika , Niranjan Saket Kumar , Pundir Rakesh Kumar , Arora Reena , Kataria Ranjit Singh
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the genomic foundations of high-altitude adaptation in Indian yaks, with a specific emphasis on the X chromosome and its role in traits related to production, reproduction, and immunity. Utilizing whole-genome resequencing, we identified 319,015 high-quality X chromosomal SNPs from 30 unrelated Indian yaks and 8 Jinchuan yaks. These SNPs were analyzed through various statistical methodologies, including composite likelihood ratio (CLR) statistics, Tajima’s D, iHS, FST, and XP-EHH. Our findings highlight several genes associated with high-altitude adaptation, such as AIFM1, APOOL, ATRX, CHST7, DACH2, DGAT2L6, DIAPH2, and EIF2S3B, identified through iHS, Tajima’s D, and CLR approaches. Additionally, genes including GPR119, HS6ST2, MAGED1, MOSPD1, PQBP1, SLC25A14, SLC35A2, TIMM17B, and WDR44 exhibited common selection signatures across FST and XP-EHH methods. Unique genes and loci specific to each yak population were uncovered on the X chromosome, which are critical for adaptability, immunity, reproduction, and production traits. Notably, our study identified selection regions containing the RLIM gene in Himachali yaks, which is crucial for Dosage Compensation on the X chromosome. This research offers new insights into X-linked selection across different yak populations, enhancing our understanding of the genomic mechanisms underlying high-altitude adaptation.
Asymptomatic school-aged children carry the majority of transmissible Plasmodium falciparum infections
Authors: Buchwald Andrea , Vareta Jimmy , Nwagbata Otutochukwu , McCann Robert , Sixpence Alick , Matengeni Alfred , Kamzati Moses , Mangani Charles , seydel karl , Wilson Mark , Taylor Terrie , Mathanga Don , Valim Clarissa , Laufer Miriam , Cohee Lauren
Published: October 2024

Persistent human-to-mosquito parasite transmission hinders malaria control in high burden settings. Understanding the human transmission reservoir can support the design of targeted interventions to reduce transmission. In a year-long cohort study in rural Malawi, we used molecular methods to detect all Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infections and those containing gametocytes, the parasite stage required for transmission, longitudinally at routine surveillance and sick visits. Using population-level analyses, we determined the demographic, temporal, and spatial clustering of infections containing gametocytes and gametocyte density, which predicts transmission. Gametocytes were not randomly distributed among the population or among individuals with Pf infections; gametocytes were detected in only 23% of the population. Among all participants, school-age children had significantly higher incidence of gametocyte-containing infections and high-density gametocyte infections compared to other groups. The presence of school-age children was a key driver of gametocyte frequencies and densities within households, even after adjusting for Pf infection levels. Based on the total gametocyte abundance in the population, we estimate that clearing infections from asymptomatic school-age children in the rainy season would decrease gametocyte abundance by 67% in the population. Thus, interventions targeting school-age children are needed to effectively reduce Pf infection risk at a population level.
Sustained Anxiolytic-Like Effects of N-Acetylcysteine in Zebrafish Subjected to Unpredictable Chronic Stress
Authors: Mocelin Ricieri , Peroni Bruno Zilli
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Mental disorders such as anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in today's society, representing a public health issue that causes deleterious effects on individuals and healthcare systems. Despite their significance, there are currently no highly effective, sustained-acting medications with minimal adverse effects available, highlighting the need for new pharmacological options.
Objective: To investigate the sustained effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on behavioral parameters in zebrafish subjected to an unpredictable chronic stress (UCS) protocol.
Methodology:Eighty zebrafish were allocated into eight experimental groups, with 10 animals each. Four of the groups were subjected to UCS (+), and four were not (-). Each of these four groups was exposed to either N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 10 mg/L, 20 min), Fluoxetine (FLU, 10 mg/L, 20 min), Ketamine (KET, 20 mg/L, 20 min), or a control solution (CTRL, water, 20 min). During the first seven days, the animals were exposed to the UCS protocol. On the 7th day, they received their respective pharmacological treatments (CTRL, NAC, FLU, or KET). After 24 hours of treatment exposure (day 8), the animals were subjected to the novel tank test, where the following parameters were evaluated: distance traveled (m); number of crossings; and time spent in the upper and lower areas (s).
Results: UCS reduced the number of crossings and time spent in the upper area and increased the time spent in the lower area. All treatments (NAC, FLU, and KET) were able to mitigate the anxiogenic-like effect induced by UCS. Additionally, FLU exhibited anxiolytic-like behavior in animals not subjected to UCS.
Conclusions:Considering the sustained effect of NAC in reversing the anxiogenic effect induced by stress, its good safety and tolerability profile in humans, as well as its low cost, this study reinforces the applicability of NAC in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
Performance and reliability of solder joints in dual nanometer Cu6Sn5 and Ag3Sn particle-doped modified Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu composite solders
Authors: Wang Biao , Li Xiu , Xu Jiayi , zhao jian , Yan Jikang
Published: October 2024

In this study, Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 nanoparticles were synthesized using the redox method, and SAC305-0.15Ag3Sn-xCu6Sn5 (x = 0 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.15 wt%, and 0.2 wt%) composite solder was produced by incorporating these nanoparticles into Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) solder. The thermal properties, wettability, microstructure, Vickers hardness, tensile strength, and reliability of the solder joints in these composite solders were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that the melting point of the composite solder increased upon the addition of dual nanoparticles to the SAC305 solder. The incorporation of Ag3Sn nanoparticles and an appropriate amount of Cu6Sn5 nanoparticles inhibited the excessive growth of intermetallic compounds (IMC) within the solder alloy matrix and refined the alloy microstructure. Additionally, the wettability of the solder alloy improved, with the spreading area of SAC305-0.15Ag3Sn-0.15Cu6Sn5 composite solder reaching 88.5565 mm², which is 8.50% higher than that of SAC305-0.15Ag3Sn solder. Mechanical property analysis revealed that the solder alloy containing dual nanoparticles exhibited higher Vickers hardness and tensile strength in the solder joints, with maximum values of 12.02 HV and 56.68 MPa, respectively. Aging tests indicated that the addition of dual nanoparticles inhibited the growth of the interfacial IMC layer and reduced the growth coefficient, with a minimum value of 0.0180.
Interest of data augmentation in AI-prediction of metal laser welding penetration
Authors: HAYOT Victor , AMHAZ Rabih , LECLER Sylvain , Ferreira Andre Alves , Chabrol Grégoire
Published: October 2024

Used in industries such as automobiles and aeronautics, metal laser welding remains a challenging process to master. It is characterised by its high penetration/width ratio, useful when the weld is realised through a material. As the result of a physical transformation involving non-linear laser-matter interaction, thermodynamic and fluid mechanic, it possesses numerous interactions between its parameters, making it a poor candidate for simulation or Design of Experiment modelling. The main method to get the production-ready set of parameters remains the time-consuming and labour-intensive trial and error. In this study, Artificial Intelligence is investigated on readily available data from previous trials to predict weld penetration. We found that feature engineering, and especially data augmentations, significantly improves the prediction. Tested in challenging situations, the model highlighted its abilities both in interpolation and extrapolation on most of the unstudied materials. Such a model could be used to identify the set of parameters able to achieve a given laser weld penetration in new metals.
Detecting Deception: Employing Deep Neural Networks for Fraudulent Review Detection on Amazon
Authors: Jayasinghe J.M. Thilini , Dassanayaka Sachith
Published: October 2024

In the era of e-commerce dominance, an increase in fake reviews on online shopping platforms compromises the integrity of consumer feedback systems. This study focuses on Amazon, a leading e-commerce platform in the United States, where fake reviews have become a significant concern. Given the limited availability of authentic datasets for analysis, we propose a novel methodology to differentiate between genuine and fraudulent reviews across verified and non-verified purchases. Our approach utilizes the bootstrap distribution of cosine similarity values, providing a robust statistical foundation for review classification. We present a comprehensive framework integrating Convolutional Neural Networks with word embedding and emotion-mining techniques through Natural Language Processing. This multifaceted approach enhances detection accuracy and offers insights into the linguistic and emotional markers of fake reviews. Our method demonstrates exceptional performance, achieving an accuracy rate of over 96\% in distinguishing fake reviews from user reviews. This study contributes to the growing research on online review authenticity and offers practical implications for e-commerce platforms, regulatory bodies, and consumers. This research aims to foster trust in online marketplaces and protect consumers from misleading information by providing a powerful tool for fake review detection.
Analysis of Intrathecal Labor Analgesia and the Causes of Maternal Postpartum Depression After Cesarean Section
Authors: Xu Xiaomei , Yang Ming , Ji Haoyu , Gao Pengfei , Qiu Cheng , Xia Xiaoqiong , Li Yuanhai
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common complication after childbirth, and its etiology may be related to several factors. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and causes of PPD in women who underwent vaginal delivery with intrathecal labor analgesia and women who underwent cesarean section.
METHODS: A total of 242 women who gave birth from July 2022to July 2023 participated in this retrospective case‒control study, including 127 women who underwent cesarean section and 115 women who underwent vaginal delivery and received intrathecal labor analgesia. The clinical data of the study participants were collected, and anxiety, depression and PPD were assessed by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS); questionnaires were administered and telephone follow-up was conducted on the first day of the antenatal period. The Chinese version of the EPDS was used to assess maternal psychological status at 6 weeks after delivery, and an EPDS score ≥10 points at 6 weeks after delivery was used as an indicator of PPD. The related factors affecting the occurrence of PPD were analyzed by one-way analysis, and the independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of PPD were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression.
RESULTS: The incidence of PPD was approximately 5.0% (12/242) in the women who underwent vaginal delivery and received intrathecal labor analgesia and 11.1% (27/242) in those who underwent cesarean section. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that advanced maternal age was a risk factor for PPD (odds ratio [OR], 1.31, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.04-1.66; P=0.02); prenatal anxiety (OR: 8.48, 95% CI: 2.73-26.27; P=0.02) and depression (OR: 10.99, 95% CI: 2.18-55.37; P<0.001) were also risk factors for PPD. A second birth was a protective factor against PPD (OR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01-0.57, P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Advanced maternal age and prenatal anxiety and depression were associated with the development of PPD in women who underwent vaginal delivery with intrathecal labor analgesia and those who underwent cesarean section. Obstetricians and gynecologists can identify mothers at high risk of PPD at an early stage and provide psychological counseling for mothers to reduce the incidence of PPD. However, studies with large sample sizes are still needed.
Experimental study on forming distribution of electrohydraulic forming with and without bridging wire
Authors: Jang Yoonho , Kim Minseok , Kim JEONG
Published: October 2024

Electrohydraulic forming (EHF) can solve shortcomings of deep drawing and electromagnetic forming by demonstrating a reduced bouncing effect, formation in narrow areas, and no effect on the electrical conductivity of the blank. Existing EHF conducts experiments by fastening wires that provide a forming force with variable position. Therefore, it is difficult to produce uniform spherical force, and the experiment is time-consuming and difficult to apply to industrial processes. In this study, wireless and wire-cross EHF are presented to reduce the time required for EHF experiments and produce a uniform forming force. The maximum forming height and forming distribution are evaluated using a 0.7 t SUS430 specimen and free bulge die. The experiment time required is measured by comparing new suggested EHF experimental method with conventional EHF. Wireless EHF is proposed to take the least time on experiment and produce a constant forming results. Wire-cross EHF is proposed to compensate for the amount of time it takes to connect fully connected wires in conventional EHF. However, it does not substantially reduce the experimental time. Wire-cross EHF has the advantage of higher energy efficiency than wireless EHF as it uses wires; however, it cannot completely overcome the fundamental problem of conventional EHF; resulting the various forming distribution for same experiment conditions and the significant time required for every experiment. In wireless EHF, two times of consecutive experiments are required to produce the similar height of conventional and Wire-cross EHF under an applied voltage of 6 kV. When conducting consecutive experiments, if the experiment is ready for the first time, only the capacitor must be repeatedly charged and discharged while maintaining a constant electrode spacing, making it possible to conduct the experiment faster and produce the consistent forming distribution for every experiment.
NEIL3 influences adult neurogenesis and behavioral pattern separation via WNT signaling
Authors: Berrocal Marion Silvana Fernández , Reis Amilcar , Rolseth Veslemøy , Suganthan Rajikala , Kuśnierczyk Anna , França Arthur , Soares Annara YM , Kunath Nicolas , Bugaj Anna M. , Abentung Andreas , Eide Lars , Leão Richardson N. , Bjørås Magnar , Scheffler Katja , Ye Jing
Published: October 2024

Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, involving the generation and integration of new neurons, is essential for behavioral pattern separation, which supports accurate memory recall and cognitive plasticity. Here, we explore the role of the DNA repair protein NEIL3 in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and behavioral pattern separation. NEIL3 is required for efficient proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neonatal NSPCs and adult-born NPCs in the hippocampus following a behavioral pattern separation task. NEIL3-depleted mice exhibited a reduced preference for the novel object location, indicating a deficit in pattern separation. NEIL3-deficient adult-born neurons exhibited a significant reduction in mature-like membrane properties, indicating impaired functional maturation. Interestingly, these impairments were not associated with the decreased genomic integrity but with the altered transcriptional regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Given the importance of adult neurogenesis in cognitive function, targeting NEIL3 could offer therapeutic potential for addressing age-related hippocampal dysfunction and cognitive decline.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Dubin Jonson syndrome: Case Report
Authors: Wani Imtiaz
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Dubin-Johnson syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by chronic conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Black liver is seen peculiarly in this syndrome due to accumulation of a dark pigment in the liver parenchymal cells.
Case History
A young female having laparoscopic cholecystectomy had incidental diagnosis of Black liver during surgery. She had normal liver function tests.
Conclusion
Black liver may be detected as an incidental finding during Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis.
Evolutionary relationships of Schistosoma japonicum
Authors: Nelwan Martin L.
Published: October 2024

Purpose: In this research, I investigated the phylogenetic relationships of Sschistosoma sinensium and Schistosoma japonicum, as well as the relationships between East Asia S. japonicum and Southeast Asia S. japonicum.
Results: The results of nucleotide BLAST showed that Sichuan S. sinensium AF465913.1 shares 72.29% identity with Jiangxi S. japonicum FJ852203.1. The E value is < 0.01. Schistosoma sinesium gave rise to S. japonicum in Jiangxi. Jiangxi S. japonicum spread to other parts of China, then to Japan, Southeast Asia, and Taiwan. It is close to, for example, S. japonicum from Anhui Tongling, Hunan Changde, and Indonesia. For example, the ND1 gene sequence of Jiangxi S. japonicum KP793763.1 shares 100% identity with that of Hunan Chande S. japonicum KP793756.1, 99.89% identity with Anhui Tonling S. japonicum KP793747.1 and Indonesia S. japonicum KP793779.1. E values = 0.0. Commonly, Indonesian S. japonicum, which includes S. japonicum from Anhui Guichi, Anhui Tongling, Hunan Changde, and Hunan Yueyang, is found in China. The genetic relationships of S. japonicum species are close to each others.
Conclusions: Schistosoma japonicum spread from Jiangxi to other parts of East Asia and Southeast Asia. The parasites have close genetic relationships.
Research Influence Heat Shock on the Quality of Post Goat Oocytes Warming Through Evaluation Maturation Rate and Inspection Protein Heat Shock (HSP-70), Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), Glutathione (GSH)
Authors: Widjiati Widjiati , Darsini Ninik , Hendrawan Viski Fitri , Taqwa Sultan Fadhilla , Shabira Zahra
Published: October 2024

Local goat cultivation in Indonesia faces challenges due to imports of domestic goats, which threaten the genetic variation of local goats. To overcome this, veterinarians are directed to play a role in biotechnology, especially through the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) method. This research is expected to show the identification of the three biomarkers, namely ATP, GSH, and HSP-70 from post maturation goat oocytes exposed to two different types of cryoprotectant, namely commercial cryoprotectant (Cryotech) and Ethylene glycol 30%+1M sucrose as well as comparing the quality of the goat oocytes after ELISA examination. This study used a completely randomized design with three groups of mature goat oocytes, consisting of one control group and two vitrification treatment groups with different cryoprotectants. Goat ovaries were collected from the Pegirian Surabaya slaughterhouse, then the oocytes were selected and matured in a CO2 incubator. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the maturation rate between the three groups of goat oocytes (control, Cryotech, and EG30%+1M Sucrose). However, there were significant differences in HSP70, GSH, and ATP levels. The EG30%+1M Sucrose group (Treatment 2) showed the lowest levels of HSP70 and GSH, but the highest levels of ATP compared to the other groups. This investigation demonstrates no significant difference in caprine oocyte maturation rates among the control and two cryoprotectant treatment groups. However, the EG30%+1M Sucrose treatment significantly altered HSP70, GSH, and ATP levels. Both cryoprotectants exhibited comparable efficacy in preserving oocyte quality during vitrification.