bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Aspect of Dog Bite and Response of The Dog Bite Victims Attending Vaccination Centre of Sadar Hospital, Sirajganj
Authors: Alam Ahmed Nawsher , Siddiqua Mahmuda , Siddiqua Asma , Akther Nasreen , Sarker Moushumi , Biswas Sailendra Nath , Bose Chandra Shekhor
Published: February 2019

Background: Rabies is a public health problem in Bangladesh, with poorer people and children being mainly affected.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the behaviours of dog bite victims following a bite and to assess the knowledge and attitude about rabies among dog bite victims.

Materials and Methods: A crosssectional type of descriptive study was designed where individual people who came to the vaccination centre from the month of April 2015 to July 2015 for post-exposure prophylaxis were considered. They were interviewed and followed during subsequent visits until they had received their final dose of vaccination.

Result: Among the victims, males 60.9% were more common than females 39.1% and most of them were children aged below 20 years 51 %, mostly from rural areas 69.3%, had very little primary 46.1% or no education 24.7%. Victims were bitten mostly at their legs 89.3%. In response to question regarding what happens following dog bite, 49% couldn't say anything, and 46% mentioned hydrophobia. Most of them (87%) know that rabies can be transmitted from dogs to humans; 68.4% had no idea that rabies can be prevented in dogs. Though 82.3% bite victims didn't know that rabies in humans can be prevented before a dog bite, 77.7% knew that rabies can be prevented after a dog bite. Use of soap and water was found lowest 13.1% among those who had education upto primary level and highest 53.9% in graduates.

Conclusion: This study showed that most victims didn't take any washing measures before visiting to hospital which is one of the most important measures recommended by WHO and it was found mostly who had low education level. It also observed that knowledge gap about rabies among the dog bite victims decreased with increased education level.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-4, January 2019, Page 148-152
Transverse Diameter of Cerebellum: Is There Any Age and Sex Related Change Among Bangladeshi People
Authors: Sultana Nahida , Khan Md Manzurul Karim , Haque AQM Ataul , Ferdaus Farhana , Sumi Sharmin Akter , Bose Sunjib Kumar , Barsha Tamanna
Published: February 2019

Background: Cerebellum is ovoid in shape, but is constricted in the median plane, flattened from above downwards and widest from side to side. The cerebellum occupies the posterior cranial fossa, where it is covered by the tentorium cerebelli and lies behind the fourth ventricle, the pons and the medulla oblongata.

Objective: The study was done to assess the transverse diameter of cerebellum in relation with age and sex in Bangladeshi people.

Materials and Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was performed on 60 (32 of male and 28 of female) postmortem. The specimens were collected from morgue in the department of Forensic Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College by purposive sampling technique. All the specimens were grouped into four categories: group A (20 to 29 years), group B (30 to 39 years), group C (40 to 49 years), group D (50 to 59 years). Dissection was performed according to standard autopsy techniques. Transverse diameter of cerebellum was measured with the help of slide caliper. For statistical analysis, differences between age groups were analyzed by using unpaired student't' test.

Results: The mean (±SD) transverse diameter of cerebellum was 10.53 ± 0.55 cm in group A, 10.09 ± 0.51 cm in group B, 10.03 ± 0.44 cm in group C, 9.72 ± 0.40 cm in group D. The mean differences of the transverse diameter of cerebellum between groups A & C, A & D, A & B, B &D were statistically significant, differences between B & C, D & C were non significant.

Conclusion: The study would help to increase the information pool on the transverse diameter of cerebellum of Bangladeshi people.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-4, January 2019, Page 159-162
PERAN TASAWUF DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT MODERN
Authors: Khoiruddin M. Arif
Published: February 2019

Kehidupan masyarakat saat ini nampak tumbuh dan berkembang sifat-sifat materialistik dan hedonisme, gejala ini ditandai dengan menjadikan materi sebagai tolak ukur untuk mencapai kesuksesan dan kebahagian. Masyarakat berlomba-lomba mencari dan mendapatkan materi sebanyak-banyaknya. Dorongan seperti ini berdampak kecenderungan masyarakat bertindak tanpa kontrol demi mendapatkan apa yang diinginkan dengan menghalalkan segala cara tanpa memperdulikan sesama, hilangnya kepedulian sosial, kecenderungan individualistis, materialistis, kapitalis dan hedonis. Tasawuf dalam kehidupan sosial mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan dalam menuntaskan permasalahan dan penyakit sosial yang ada, amalan yang terdapat dalam ajaran tasawuf akan membimbing seseorang dalam mengarungi kehidupan dunia menjadi manusia yang arif, bijaksana dan profesional dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan memberikan nilai-nilai spiritual dan sosial yang jelas. Bentuk ajaran yang ditawarkan untuk membersikan jiwa dan penyakit sosial tersebut dalam ajaran tasawuf dapat dilakukan dengan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu Takhalli membersihkan diri dari sifat-sifat tercela, dari maksiat lahir dan maksiat batin yang mengotori hati manusia seperti iri dan dengki, buruk sangka, sombong, membanggakan diri, pamer, pemarah dan sifat-sifat tercelah yang lain. Tahalli mensucikan atau menghiasi diri dengan sifat-sifat terpuji, dengan ta’at lahir dan taat batin. Tajalli terungkapnya nur ghaib untuk hati.
Menimbang Perihal Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) dengan Kitab Kuning
Authors: Zahid Reza Ahmad
Published: February 2019

Islam mengangkat derajat wanita pada martabat yang sangat tinggi dan mulia. Ketika era Jahiliyah memposisikan wanita seperti barang yang tidak berharga, Islam hadir dengan membawa kehormatan bagi kaum wanita. Islam telah mengatur hak dan kewajiban bagi para suami dan istri sehingga keseimbangan dapat terjadi dalam sebuah rumah tangga. Seorang suami tidak bisa serta merta memposisikan dirinya sebagai orang yang super power sehingga memperdayakan seorang istri dengan seenaknya. Jika seorang suami hendak mengingatkan kepada istri yang nusyuz, maka dia harus mengingatkan dengan cara yang telah diatur oleh agama Islam, yakni dengan tingkah laku atau ucapan yang mendidik. Apabila terjadi kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang menimpa kepada seorang istri maka seorang istri berhak untuk mengangkat permasalahan ke pengadilan atau dengan cara penyelesaian diluar pengadilan.
Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dan Budaya Kerja Guru
Authors: Taulabi Imam
Published: February 2019

Tulisan ini bermaksud menjelaskan pola kepemimpian trasformasional pada madrasah tsanawiyah dan respon guru, iklim kerja dan kinerja guru. Kepemimpinan trasformasional diharapakan dapat memberikan dampak positif pada lembaga yang dipimpinanya. Kepala madrasah memiliki pola kepemimpina tersebut dapat memperbaiki budaya kerja pada madrasah yang dipimpinnya.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan, pemimpin yang mengharpakan dapat mencapai tujuan organisasi perlu memperhatikan kondisi dan sikap bahwahanya. Pemimpin yang tepat adalah seseorang yang dapat mendorong atau memotivasi bawahannya, menumbuhkan sikap positif bawahan pada pekerjaan dan organisasi, dan mudah menyesuaikan dengan segala situasi.Peran kepala madrasah memberikan pengaruh para guru dalam pembelajaran dan murid untuk belajar. Jika pemimpin dapat mengatur dan membimbing guru secara baik dan tepat sehingga para guru dapat melaksanakan tugas-tugasnya dengan penuh tanggung jawab, konsisten. Pemimpin memperhatikan kepentingan bawahan sehingga tidak ada keluhan dalam menjalankan tugas dan kewajiban sehari-hari. Pemimpin harus menunjukkan kewibawaannya sehari-hari, sehingga dapat diteladani dan dipatuhi oleh para guru maupun siswa. Dengan pola kepemimpinan seperti ini dapat menumbuhkan budaya kerja yang baik pada lembaga yang dipimpinnya.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Berita Melalui Model Pembelajaran Think Pair Share pada Siswa
Authors: Sujiyanto Sujiyanto
Published: February 2019

Penyebabkan rendahnya siswa dalam mengikuti kegiatan belajar, siantaranya: (1) Siswa kurang memiliki keberanian untuk menyampaikan pendapat kepada orang lain, (2) Siswa kurang memiliki kemampuan untuk merumuskan sebuah gagasan sendiri dalam mengikuti kegiatan belajar, dan (3) Siswa belum terbiasa bersaing meyampaikan pendapat dengan teman yang lain. Disamping itu guru menghindari pertanyaan dari siswa, serta cara menyampaikan ilmu pengetahuan secara searah, menganggap siswa sebagai obyek, penerima, pencatat, dan pengingat dalam  melaksanakan pengajaran.

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu (1) Bagaimanakah kemampuan menulis teks berita tentang mengungkapkan gagasan ragam wacana lisan sastra dalam kerangka budaya jawa pada siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 7 Kota Kediri semester I tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. (2).Adakah peningkatan hasil belajar mata pelajaran Bahasa Jawa pada siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 7 Kota Kediri semester I tahun pelajaran 2012/2013 

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : (1). Untuk mengetahui kemampuan menulis teks berita tentang mengungkapkan gagasan ragam wacana lisan sastra dalam kerangka budaya jawa pada siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 7 Kota Kediri semester I tahun pelajaran 2012/2013 (2). Untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan menulis teks berita tentang mengungkapkan gagasan ragam wacana lisan sastra dalam kerangka budaya jawa melalui model pembelajaran think pair share mata pelajaran bahasa jawa pada siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 7 Kota Kediri Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2012/2013

                   Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian tindakan dari Kemmis dan Tagart (dalam Kasbolah 1998:14),  yaitu penelitian yang digambarkan sebagai suatu proses yang dinamis, dimana keempat aspek , yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi harus dipahami bukan sebagai langkah-langkah yang statis, terselesaikan dengan sendirinya, tetapi lebih merupakan momen-momen dalam bentuk spiral yang menyangkut perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan dengan dua kali siklus kepada siswa kelas VIII-A berjumlah 40  siswa, maka peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan      Model Pembelajaran Think Pair Share  dalam pembelajaran berorganisasi  terbukti efektif dapat meningkatkan partisipasi dan prestasi belajar. Hasil ketuntasan pembelajaran dapat dilihat dari  setiap siklus berikut. siklus I dan siklus II dari yaitu masing-masing 20%; 55% dan 87,5%  pada siklus II ketuntasan belajar siswa  secara klasikal telah tercapai, sehingga siklus siklus berikutnya ditiadakan
THE EFFECT OF LEARNING CELL TOWARDS STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY IN READING
Authors: Teddysetiadi Teddysetiadi
Published: February 2019

The aims of this research was to find out whether learning cell has an effect toward students’ reading ability at the eight year students of SMPN 4 Lingsar Lombok Barat in The Academic Year of 2016/2017. This research was an experimental research consists of four classes as population and one class taken as sample by using purposive sampling technique.  In sustaining the research result, the data was collected by using a reading test in the form of multiple choices and creativity questionnaires. Then, the data were analyzed by using statistic and descriptive analysis. Based on The data analysis, it can be found that the average score of experimental group was 61.72 for the reading test meanwhile for the creativity mean score was 14.05. To know the correlation level the researcher used r-test in which the result was 1.059 in other word it has a strong correlation level. Then to know the significance correlation of the result, the score was identified by using t-test, the result shows that t0 (t-obtain) > tt (t-table) or 17.738 > 1.69. Thus, it can be concluded that learning cell has a significant effect toward the students’ reading at SMPN 4 Lingsar Lombok Barat in The Academic Year of 2016/2017.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FANTASY STORIES TECHNIQUE TOWARDS STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY IN WRITING
Authors: Supriadi Ujang
Published: February 2019

This research is aimed to find out whether or not using Fantasy Stories Technique  Toward Students’ Creativity in Writing is effective. The research was experimental research and the design used was used one group pre-test  post-test design. The population of the study was the second grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Praya Timur which consisted of only one class with 25 students’. So, the researcher took all the number of population as the sample. The data were collected by using pre-test and post-test. The instrument of this research used was writing test. The technique that was used to analyse the data was t-test formula. From the data analysis, it was found that the result of t-test (2,296) was higher than t-table (1,711) at the significant level = 0,05 and the number of degree of freedom (df) = 24. Therefore. Based on the result of the analysis. It can be concluded that Fantasy Stories Technique  Towards Students’ Creativity in Writing at the Second Grade Students’of  SMAN 1 Praya Timur in academic year 2017/ 2018 is effective.
THE EFFECT OF TRIANGLE GAME TOWARDS STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING GRAMMAR
Authors: Agustina Baiq Reni
Published: February 2019

This research was aimed to find out the effect of Triangle Game towards students’ motivation in learning grammar and to find out the correlation between students’ motivation and grammar at MA Darul Husaini Sanggeng. The kind of this research is experimental research (quantitative approach). This research design was applied pretest-posttest design. The population of this research was all of the second grade students of MA Darul Husaini Sanggeng. The sample of this research was consist of two classes namely XI-A as experimental class consist of 17 students and XI-B as control class consist of 17 students. The sample technique used in this research was saturated sampling technique. The technique which was used to analysis the data was t-test and r-test formula. From the research data found that the t-test score is higher than t-table (2,635>2, 021). Based on the result of this research, it can be conclude that the Triangle Game has positive effect towards students’ motivation in learning grammar. From the research data found that r-test is higher than r-table (0,990>0,482). It can be conclude that there is correlation between students’ motivation and grammar.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) TOWARDS STUDENTS’ WRITING
Authors: Susilawati Erni
Published: February 2019

This research was aimed to find out  The Effectiveness of Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) is effective towards students’ writing. The research was quasi experimental research and the design that used was the pre-test and post-test design. The population of the study was the second grade students of SMPN 4 Praya Barat which consisted of two classes. Those classes were took as the samples, those were VIIIC as experimental class and VIIIA as control class. Experimental class was treated by using Team Assisted Individualizati0n (TAI) and control class was treated by using Roundtable technique. The instrument that was used essay test, the topic was about descriptive text. The score were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential analysis, descriptive analysis was used to describe mean, median, mode and standard deviation both of group, and the inferential analysis was used describe the value of t-test for comparison between t-table. Based on the analysis, it shows that the value of (t-test) was 2,95 is higher than the value of (t-table) was 1,688 as the level of significance level was 0,05 and the number of degree of freedom (df) was 36. Therefore, based on the result of the analysis, it be concluded that Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) was effective toward students’ writing. The results of this research showed that Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) was compatible in writing because the technique given many advantages, the students’ feel comfortable to learn in group and they were argued that Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) make the teaching learning process more interesting since they can ask and can be peer tutoring for their friends. Finally, the researcher suggests that in teaching writing the teacher should be creative in preparing and delivering writing materials.
THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE SCRIPT METHOD TOWARDS STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN READING
Authors: Nurhafani Nurhafani
Published: February 2019

This thesis intended to find out the effect of Cooperative Script method toward students’ interest in reading comprehension and correlation between interest and reading comprehension. All of students in eighth grade at SMP Muhammadiyah Mataram were 17 students. All of eighth grade students used as sample. Students as samples treated by Cooperative Script. First, the students were given pre-test, after they were given post-test in form test and questionnaire. The result of students’ interest showed that the mean score pre-questionnaire was 63,17 and the mean score of post-questionnaire was  77,73. The standard deviation of pre-questionnaire was 125,59 and the standard deviation of post-questionnaire 173,88. Another result obtained through the analysis of the data was the value of t-test was 3,797 and t-table which was 2,120. It indicated that the value of t-test was higher than the value of t-table. Moreover r-count showed 0,634 and r-table was 0.482. It meant, r-count was higher than r-table 0,634 (>0.482). It concluded Cooperative Script had positive effect toward students’ interest in reading comprehension and the data showed there was a correlation between interest and reading comprehension.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RANSOM NOTE GAME IN LEARNING VOCABULARY
Authors: Zurri Arbi Maulida Hadijah
Published: February 2019

This research was aimed to find out the effectevenness of Ransom Note Game in learning vocabulary. this research was quasi experimental design. The populations of this research were all of students at second grade students of SMPN 1 KERUAK that consist of 284 students that consist of eight  different classes. In which the sample of this research used two classes where VIII.1 Class as experimental group consisted of 32 student and VIII.3 as control group consisted of 31 students. The experimental was taught by Ransom Note Game Game and control group taught by Puzzle Game. The instruments that used were objective test with multiple choice, matching word, fill in the blank and true or false. The analysis used t-test formula. The result of the analysis, showed that the value of to (t obtained) 2,0888 was higher than tt (t table) 1,8702, the significant level 0,05. Based on the result of this investigation, it was proved that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. In other words, there was significant effect of Ransom Note Game in learning vocabulary at the second grade students at SMPN 1 KERUAK  in academic year 2016/2017.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VOCAB ACROSTIC STRATEGY IN TEACHING VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Helmi Muhammad
Published: February 2019

This research is aimed to find out whether or not vocab acrostic effective in teaching Vocabulary at MTs. Islam Selaparang Putra Kediri Lombok Barat. This research is experimental research. The design used was one group pre-test post-test design. The sample was all population of the second grade students that consisted of 28 students. The Instrument was valid andreliable. The findings shows that t-test is (4,59) > t-table (2,057) at the significant level = 0,05 (95%) and N = 28 students. It means that, Alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and Null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. The mean score of post-test score is 76,71and pre-test score is 54,5. It can be concluded that Vocab Acrostic is  effective in teaching Vocabulary at MTs. Islam Selaparang Putra Kediri Lombok Barat in academic year2016/2017.
THE EFFECT OF STRUCTURED DYADIC METHODS (SDM) TOWARDS STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING IN READING
Authors: Hairunisah Siti
Published: February 2019

This research was aimed at finding out the effect of structured dyadic methods (SDM) towards students’ critical thinking in reading. The research was experimental research and design was used pre experimental design with pre-test and post-test. The population of study was the eighth grade students of SMP Muhammadiyah Mataram which consists of one class. The sample of this study was one class consists of 17 students as experimental group without control group. The method used was pre experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The technique in collecting data the students were given pretest, treatment and posttest. The data were analyzed by using t-test. The result showed that the Structured Dyadic Methods (SDM) has positive effect because t-test 3.903 ≥ t-table 2.120 in 0,05 percent level of significant. Based on the result of this investigation, it was proved that the null hypothesis (Ho) was clearly rejected. Therefore the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. Thus this study can be concluded there has significance effect of structured dyadic methods (SDM) towards students’ critical thinking in reading at eight grade students of SMP Muhammadiyah Mataram in academic year 2017/2018.
READING INTEREST OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Rachmawati Umi
Published: February 2019

Nowadays, the development of the teaching and learning of English as a foreign language has been transformed. Learners do not only focus on the learning of speaking and writing but also reading since they are required to be able to smartly respond to the texts they are reading. The development of the information and technology forces the focus of teaching and learning on the critical reading that might be less interesting for the students. The students may not know their interest in reading before they start reading. A unique condition in Magelang regency, a small town close to Yogyakarta, the students of senior high schools have achieved their best achievement for their learning that can be seen from the rank of the school that becomes the best school in terms of the final examination in Central Java. To know the teaching and learning of English in that school can be an alternative for other schools. Based on the case study conducted in some schools in Magelang regency, it can be found that the teaching and learning are still varied. The findings were discussed under the following terms; students’ reading activities, mastery of reading skills, reading materials, and reading modality. It is a problem for the success of language teaching as the students can have low motivation in reading if the reading materials were not interesting for them.
THE EFFECT OF DEFINITIONS TOWARD STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY
Authors: Tawali Tawali
Published: February 2019

This research is aimed to find out the effect of definitions toward students’ vocabulary mastery: it was an experimental study at the second grade student of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang- sayang. The subject of this research was the second grade of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang- sayang.The research was used experimental method with quantitative approach. The population of this research consist of 55 students, and the sample is 29 for experimental group while 26 for control group. The technique of collecting data was used definition for experimental group and matching word with antonym for control group. The data was collected by using post-test only and the data was analyzed by t-test formula. Based on data analysis the mean score of experimental group was 76,4 and control group was 69,23, beside of that standard deviation for experimental group was 114,28 and for control group was 113,09 and the value of t-test was 2,44 and t-table was 2,000. Degree of freedom is 53 with significant level 0,05. It means that the value of t-test was higher than t-table (t-test ˃ t-table). The alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. Thus, the conclusion of this research was there was an effect of definition toward students’ vocabulary mastery: an experimental study at the second grade students of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang-sayang.
COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES USED BY THE ENGLISH LEARNERS OF SATURDAY DISCUSSION AT THE CENTRE FOR LANGUAGE AND CULTURE (CLC)
Authors: Wahyuningsih Lilik Sri
Published: February 2019

There are some factors influence someone in expressing the language, such as experiences, knowledge, age and cultural background. Yet, since the communication must go on with any limitedness, the learners should employ some strategies in order to keep holding communication. The strategies used in communication are identified as communication strategies. This present study analyses on an investigations into communication strategies used by the learners of Saturday discussion at the Centre for Language and Culture (CLC) Surabaya. The learners are the participants of Saturday Discussion at CLC Surabaya. In this study, the researcher wanted to find out kinds of communication strategies used by the learners, differences and similarities between young and adult learners in applying communication strategies, and how they apply communication strategies in their discussions. In her study, she applied communication strategies typology proposed by Tarone and Faerch and Kasper which consist of transfer from native language, overgeneralization, prefabricated pattern, overelaboration, epenthesis or vowel insertion, avoidance which can be subdivided into topic avoidance, semantic avoidance, appeal to authority, message abondanment and language swicth. Appeal to authority can be subdivided into paraphrase, word coinage, and circumlocution. Tarone, divided the communication strateies as formal reduction strategies, functional reduction strategies, and achievement strategies. To answer the research questions, she used descriptive qualitative approach. In collecting the data she carried out observation, and interview. In her study she found out that there were ten communication strategies used by the learners, they are message abondanment, appeal to authoriy, and language switch, paraphrase, transfer from native language, overgeneralization, and overelaboration.
DEVELOPING ENGLISH MATERIALS BASED ON SAINTIFIC APPROACH THROUGH ISLAMIC CONTENT FOR ISLAMIC SENIOR HINGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Rahman Arif , Masnayadi Masnayadi , Nerim Nerim , Muslim Muslim
Published: February 2019

This curent study conducts research and development aiming to developed an appropriate English Instructional materials for Islamic characters based on saintific approach in 2013 Curriculum. Futhermore, this study were carried out at second and the third grade of Islamic Junior High School  Mataram with total number 30 students involved as well as participants. In the phase of obtaining information, needs analysis and trying out, this study utilized a reserch and development study with saintific approach i.e. observing, associating, experimenting, associating and communicating. This study utilized needs analysis as main instrument in composing the English instructional materials through Scientific Approach, official approach of 2013 Curriculum. The product of the study shows that an English textbook, the four major skills of english were balance improved,i.e. listening, speaking, reading and writing. All of the materials are appropriate with the saintific aprroach in 2013 Curriculum  and the contents refer to students’ Islamic character. The materials are for second and thisd grade of Islamic junior hihg School which are laid out into seven units. To summ up,  the laid out and composition of the english material were developed  based on Scientific Approach in term of steps and exercises of learning materials.
LANGUAGE EMPLOYMENT IN CHILDREN OF TWO YEARS OLD IN MATARAM, WEST NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Hastuti Hilda , Suktiningsih Wiya
Published: February 2019

This research aims to describe language acquisition in children age 2 years especially in the realm of syntax at PAUD Santa Maria Mataram City. This research is synchronic research used the qualitative method which was descriptive method. The subject of this research was the children age 2 years at PAUD Santa Maria and the object of this research was language acquisition which was the acquisition of declarative, interrogative, and imperative.  The data was collected by simak libat baca technique and simak libat catat.  After the data was analyzed, the data was classified into the acquisition of declarative, interrogative, and imperative. Based on the data analysis that has done, found language acquisition of children age two years from April to May were 54 declaratives, 18 imperatives, and 13 interrogatives. The result of this study also shows that the children age 2 years are more likely used declarative sentences than interrogative and imperative in the daily conversation.
THE USE OF MIND MAPPING TO IMPROVE MOTIVATION IN LEARNING VOCABULARY OF SECOND GRADE STUDENTS AT MTs NW MISPALAH PRAYA
Authors: Setianingsih Tri , Rosihan Moh , Pardani Sulastri
Published: February 2019

This research was aimed to describe the use of mind mapping technique be able to improving students’motivation.The subject of this study was 37 students at second grade students of MTs. NW Mispalah Praya. In which consist of 25 males and 12 females. It is was classroom action research with one cycle, each cycle of four steps: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The data gathering used observation sheet and test and analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative approach. At the result of pre-test was failed where the mean score of pre-test was 65 and class percentage was 52% and the result of the first cycle that the mean score was 70,4 and the class percentage was 100% indicating the target of 70 of the minimum criterion has been achieved, it means that the action was stopped
COMFORT AND AESTHETICS OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT AS A DETERMINANT OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S PHENOTYPIC AND SOCIAL STATUS
Authors: Mulik A B , Ulesikova I V , Mulik I G , Nazarov N O , Shatyr Yu A
Published: February 2019

Aim - to study direction and magnitude of associations between indices of comfort and aesthetics of living environment and selected population characteristics as well as indicators of the somatotype, psychological and social status of a person. Methods. An expert assessment of the aesthetic nature of the environment was carried out and the comfort of the human environment in 13 regions using data from the National Atlas of Russia. A list of indicators of the social status of the population in the same regions was selected using the data form the Federal State Statistics Service. Standard indicators of the somatotype, psychoemotional state, level of prosociality and severity of various vectors of behavioral and social activity in 1 471 people, men and women, aged 18-28, permanently living in the selected regions, were assessed. Results. According to the majority of indicators of the psychological and social status of the population, there is a unidirectional dependence of their manifestation on the comfort and aesthetics of the environment. At the same time, we observed inverse association between economic activity (p = 0.051), behavioral activity (p = 0.019) and prosocial behavior (p = 0.025) and the aesthetic characteristics of the living environment. Among the indicators of social status, significant associations were found between with the comfort of the habitat and population density (p = 0.001), migration attractiveness of the region (p = 0.002), average age (p = 0.025), and quality of life (p = 0.032). Statistically significant inverse relationship was observed between divorce rate and comfort of the environment (p = 0.021). Conclusions. We observed several significant associations between indicators of comfort and aesthetics of the environment and phenotypic and social status of individuals. Further research is needed to corroborate our findings in other regions.
Appraisal of Deforestation in District Mansehra through Sentinel-2 and Landsat Imagery.
Authors: Nabi Ghulam , Kaukab Imran Siddique , Zain Abbas Syed Shah , Saifullah Muhammad , Malik Maira , Nazeer Najma , Farooq Nida , Rasheed Rabia
Published: February 2019

Forests are the main source of food/wood and are important for a healthy environment. Removal of trees from forested landcover is known as deforestation. The main objective of this study was to estimate temporal variations in forested landcover located in district Mansehra for the years from 2008 to 2018 with two comparative time periods 1) 2008 to 2013 and 2) 2013 to 2018. Results indicates about deforestation in the study area during 2008-2013 and afforestation in 2013-2018. Vegetative landcover was increased from 43.3% to 47.2%. Afforestation at tehsil level showed that the vegetative area in Balakot was increased from 26.6% to 29.8%. Similarly, vegetation index increased from 72.2% to 74.42% in Manshera and 82.7% to 83.5% in Oghi. Kappa coefficient performed well to access accuracy of classified imagery which was maximum for the classified map obtained using Sentinel-2 dataset, therefore, Sentinel-2 imagery was proved more reliable in comparison to Landsat imagery. The spectral responses of various land use classes were also mapped which are useful of other researches to recognize features through optical datasets. Results proved the sincere efforts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government in promotion of vegetated landcover. The coverage of KPK project must be enhanced for increasing vegetation for a green Pakistan.
Evaluation of Health-Related Physical Fitness Profiles of Turkish Students in Urban and Rural School Districts
Authors: Umutlu Gökhan , Acar Nasuh Evrim , Akkoyunlu Yağmur
Published: February 2019

Physical fitness (PF) is an important element for overall
health. The scope of the current study was to investigate the level of physical
fitness of 12-14 aged students in urban and rural school districts and it's
relation to the rate of physical activity participation. A total of 214
students (100 boys and 114 girls) were enrolled in this research, respectively.
PF was assessed using five tests from the Fitnessgram Test Battery. According
to Fitnessgram health-related ﬁtness standards the prevalence of percent body
fat (NI-Health Risk: 22.8% vs. 11.5%; NI: 43.3% vs. 19.5; HFZ: 33.1% vs. 69.0%;
Very Lean: 0.8% vs. 0%); BMI (NI-Health Risk: 4.7% vs. 2.3%; NI: 17.3% vs. 5.7%;
HFZ: 67.7% vs. 78.2%; Very Lean: 10.2% vs. 13.8%) and VO2max (NI: 12.6% vs. 0%;
HFZ: 87.4% vs. 100%) were found in the overall sample in urban and rural school districts,
respectively. As stated in Kruskal-Wallis H test results, the students in the
urban school districts had significantly higher body weight (x2(1) =20.44, p=0,000),
percent body fat(x2(1)
=20.49, p=0.000), BMI(x2(1)
=15.45, p=0.000) and significantly lower VO2max (x2(1) =11.21, p=0.001), curl-ups (x2(1) =54.77, p=0.000), 90o push-ups (x2(1) =5.09, p=0.024) and PA
participation rates (x2(1)
=85.02, p=0.000) compared to 
counterparts in the rural school districts. In conclusion, the physical
activity participation levels of the overall students were positively
associated with the school district, VO2max, curl-up, and push-up. However, it was negatively correlated with body weight, percent body fat, and
BMI in urban and rural school districts.
Why Should We Do Physical Activity? More Active People for a Healthier World
Authors: Demirci Nevzat , Yıldırım İrfan , Toptaş Demirci Pervin , Ersöz Yasin
Published: February 2019

Regular physical activity is one of the most important activities you can do for your health. Because you're afraid of being harmed, moderate-intensity aerobic activities, such as brisk walking, are generally safe for people if you're not sure you're activated or increased your physical activity. This study; why we should do physical activity, risks of ınactive behavior, frequency of physical activity, benefits of physical activity and suggestions for physical activity, aims to create more active people. A high level overview of the reviews of published literature. A systematic search of Web of Science, Medline, Pub-Med, and SPORTDiscus, Physical Education Index was employed to find all relevant studies focusing on human participants. Search terms included “Active People ”, “inactivity”, " Prevalence of Physical Activity " and “physical activity”. It has been suggested that regular PA health-related diseases have an effective primary and secondary preventive strategy against at least 25 chronic medical conditions with 20-30% risk reduction. Approximately 75% of adults act according to the recommended PA guidelines, while women, adolescents, and older adults have been found to have lower levels of PA-making than men. It was found that there were consistent relationships between PA and motivation, self-efficacy and self-regulation. The PA interventions show that small changes in the PA show a major impact on young people and adults. İn conclusion: In studies related to PA, mechanisms that directly affect health and cause positive results should be determined. The PA dose, scope and validity, which may lead to clinically significant changes in the health status of individuals, should continue to examine innovative behavior modification techniques and also improve the access and duration of PA interventions.
The Effect of Exercise Behavior Change Processes in the Prevention of Obesity in the Elderly
Authors: Toptaş Demirci Pervin
Published: February 2019

This of study aim evaluate the effect of exercise behavior change processes on weight control in the prevention of obesity in elderly. This study was performed at age of 65 and over; formed a total of 25 participants who regularly try to improve their physical activity levels. Participants were selected from obesity levels (BMI (kg / m2) ≥30.00) according to body mass index. Attitudes of the participants in the behavioral dimension were determined by the Exercise Change Process Scale (ECPS) before and 6 months after the intervention. All statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS version 20.0. P values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. Differences between control and intervention groups pretest and posttest were analyzed by T test. According to the findings, when the comparison of age, height, body weight and body mass index values of the control group, no significant difference was found between the pretest and posttest measurements (p>0.05). However, there were significant decreases between the pretest and posttest measurements of the intervention group body weight and body mass index values (p<0.001). While there was an increase in the level of consciousness (p <0.05) according to the pretest and posttest results of the exercise group sub-dimensions of control group, no significant difference was found in other sub-dimensions and total score. However, there were significant differences in the other subscales and total scores (p<0.05) and (p<0.001) except for the helper sub-dimensions of the intervention group exercise change processes scale. In conclusion, prevention of obesity in the elderly The development of health within the scope of ECPS aims to make people sufficient to correct and control their own health.
MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR DAN KEMAMPUAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA DENGAN PENDEKATAN STAD SISWA KELAS III SD NEGERI 005 KOTO PERAMBAHAN KECAMATAN KAMPA KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Erniati Erniati
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan menyelesaikan soal cerita siswa kelas III SD Negeri 005 Koto Perambahan Kecamatan Kampa Kabupaten Kampar. Oleh sebab itu, peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan menerapkan pendekatan STAD dalam pembelajaran Matematika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan menyelesaikan soal cerita siswa kelas III SD Negeri 005 Koto Perambahan Kecamatan Kampa Kabupaten Kampar. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III dengan jumlah siswa 20 orang, yaitu 13 orang siswa laki-laki dan 7 orang siswa perempuan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dan empat kali pertemuan. Setiap siklus menggunakan prosedur pelaksanaan penelitian yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan penilaian dan refleksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan menyelesaikan soal cerita mengalami peningkatan. Aktivitas belajar siswa siklus I dengan kategori sangat baik 31,25% meningkat menjadi 68,75% pada siklus II. Untuk hasil belajar siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita pada siklus I juga mengalami peningkatan, yaitu nilai rata-rata kelas 77,32 dan persentase siswa yang tuntas 60%. Pada siklus II, nilai rata-rata kelas 85,78 dan persentase siswa yang tuntas 85%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pendekatan STAD dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan menyelesaikan soal cerita siswa kelas III SD Negeri 005 koto Perambahan Kecamatan Kampa Kabupaten Kampar.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MENYUSUN PENILAIAN SECARA OBJEKTIF MELALUI WORKSHOP DI SD NEGERI 008 MORONG KECAMATAN SUNGAI LALAK KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU
Authors: Hayati Ratna
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan guru dalam menyusun penilaian di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 008 Morong Kecamatan Sungai Lalak Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menyususn penilaian secara objektif di Sekolah Dasar 008 Morong. Tindakan yang akan dilakukan adalah workshop penyusunan model pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian tindakan yang dipilih adalah jenis emansipatori. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan, pada aspek kesesuaian dengan tujuan pembelajaran, pada siklus I mendapat nilai 62.5 dengan kriteria cukup, sedangkan pada siklus II mendapat nilai 90.6 dengan kriteria amat baik. Aspek prilaku, pada siklus I mendapat nilai 59.3 dengan kriteria cukup, sedangkan pada siklus II, mendapat nilai 87.5 dengan kriteria amat baik. Aspek penggunaan bahasa, pada siklus I mendapat nilai 68.7 dengan kriteria baik, dan pada siklus II mendapat nilai 90.6 dengan kriteria amat baik. Dengan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan workshop di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 008 Morong Kecamatan Sungai Lalak dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menyusun penilaian secara objektif.Kata kunnci     : Workshop, menyusun penilaian secara objektif. ABSTACTThis research is motivated by the low ability of teachers in compiling assessments in the 008 Morong Primary School in Sungai Lalak District, Indragiri Hulu. The purpose of this study was to improve the ability of teachers to formulate an objective assessment at 008 Morong Primary School. The action to be taken is a workshop on the preparation of learning models. The type of research chosen is the type of emancipatory system. The results of the study show, in the aspect of conformity with the learning objectives, in the first cycle the score was 62.5 with sufficient criteria, while in the second cycle the score was 90.6 with very good criteria. Behavioral aspects, in the first cycle got a score of 59.3 with sufficient criteria, while in the second cycle, got a score of 87.5 with very good criteria. Aspects of language use, in the first cycle got a score of 68.7 with good criteria, and in the second cycle got a value of 90.6 with very good criteria. With the results of this study it can be concluded that the application of workshops in the 008 Morong Primary School in Sungai Lalak can improve the ability of teachers to form judgments objectively.Keywords: Workshop, formulate an objective assessment.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 011 KEMBANG HARUM KE CAMATAN PASIR PENYU KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU
Authors: Rita Yuhanis
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) siswa dengan penerapan model kooperatif tim game turnamen (TGT) di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri 011 Kembang Harum Kecamatan Pasir Penyu Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang mencakup kegiatan perencanaan (planning), tindakan (action), observasi (observation), refleksi (reflection) atau evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, dilihat dari skor dasar hasil belajar siswa memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 63.21 dengan ketuntasan sebesar 48.7%, pada siklus I nilai rata-rata siswa sebesar 72.61 dengan ketuntasan 74.3%, dan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa sebesar 85.71 dengan ketuntasan 87.1%. dengan hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tim game turnamen (TGT) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri 011 Kembang Harum Kecamatan Pasir Penyuh Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Kata kunci: tim game turnamen (TGT), hasil belajar IPS. ABSTRACTThis study aims to improve the learning outcomes of students' Social Sciences by applying the cooperative model of the tournament game team in class IV of the Primary School 011 Kembang Harum, Pasir Penyu District, Indragiri Hulu. This research is a classroom action research that includes planning, action, observation, reflection or evaluation activities. The results showed, seen from the basic score of student learning outcomes obtained an average value of 63.21 with completeness of 48.7%, in the first cycle the average value of students was 72.61 with completeness 74.3%, and in the second cycle the average value of students was 85.71 with 87.1% completeness. with these results it can be concluded that by applying the cooperative learning model the tournament game team can improve social studies learning outcomes of fourth grade students of 011 Kembang Harum Primary School Pasir Penyuh District, Indragiri Hulu.Keywords: tim game turnamen (TGT), Social Sciences learning outcomes.