bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pleiotropic Effects of Pure Statin May Provide More Cardiac Benefits than Ezetimibe-Statin in a Comparable Intensity for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Extremely Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risks
Authors: Kao Yu-Cheng , Chen Tien-Hsing , Liu Chi-Hung , Hwang Jawl-Shan , Hsiao Ching-Chung , Lin Yu-Sheng , Mao Chun-Tai , Hung Ming-Jui , Li Yan-Rong
Published: September 2020

Background: Atorvastatin 40mg (ATOR 40) and ezetimibe 10mg/simvastatin 20mg (EZ-SIM 20) have comparable reductions of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) but cardiovascular (CV) outcomes between these two therapies are unclear. Our real-world cohort study is to test the hypothesis of pleiotropic effects of purely higher dose statin on CV outcomes beyond comparable reductions of LDL-C, especially for extremely CV risk patients.Methods: Between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2013, a total of 3372 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) admitted due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were selected as the study cohort from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by ATOR 40 group (n=1686) matched with EZ-SIM 20 group (n=1686). Primary composite outcome includes CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Secondary composite outcome includes hospitalization for unstable angina (HUA), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Results: With a mean follow-up of 2.4 years, no significant difference of primary composite outcome was observed between ATOR 40 and EZ-SIM 20 groups (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95–1.25). Nevertheless, ATOR 40 group had lower risks of HUA (SHR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.35–0.72), PCI (SHR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69–0.97) and CABG (SHR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40–0.97) than EZ-SIM 20 group.Conclusions: For T2DM patients after ACS or AIS, ATOR 40 may have lower risks of HUA, PCI and CABG than EZ-SIM 20.
C-terminal domain small phosphatase 1 (CTDSP1) regulates growth factor expression and axonal regeneration
Authors: Gervasi Noreen M , Dimitchev Alexander , Clark Desraj M. , Dingle Marvin , Pisarchik Alexander V. , Nesti Leon J.
Published: September 2020

Background: Peripheral Nerve Injury (PNI) represents a major clinical and economic burden. Despite the ability of peripheral neurons to regenerate their axons after an injury, patients are often left with motor and/or sensory disability and may develop chronic pain. Successful regeneration and target organ reinnervation require comprehensive transcriptional changes in both injured neurons and support cells located at the site of injury. The expression of most of the genes required for axon growth and guidance and for synapsis formation is repressed by a single master transcriptional regulator, the Repressor Element 1 Silencing Transcription factor (REST). Sustained increase of REST levels after injury inhibits axon regeneration and leads to chronic pain. REST is stabilized by the Carboxy-terminal domain small phosphatase 1 (CTDSP1), which prevents REST targeting to the proteasome. Here, we explore whether knockdown of CTDSP1 promotes neurotrophic factor expression in mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), a type of support cells that can be harvested from the site of injury during surgical debridement, and in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. In addition, we explore whether CTDSP1 knockdown supports DRG neurite regeneration. Methods: Cultured human MPCs or rat DRG neurons were transfected with REST or CTDSP1 specific siRNA. Neurotrophic factor expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western Blot. Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in cell culture medium was quantified by ELISA. Axon regeneration was quantified measuring the length of the longest neurite of a neuron. Results: Knockdown of REST or CTDSP1 in MPCs results in increased expression of BDNF and nerve growth factor (NGF). In addition, knockdown of CTDSP1 leads to increased release of BDNF in cell culture medium from MPCs and to reduced levels of REST protein. Finally, knockdown of CTDSP1 in DRG neurons results in increased levels of BDNF and increased DRG neurite growth rate.Conclusions: CTDSP1 knockdown promotes neurotrophic factor expression in both DRG neurons and the support cells MPCs. In addition, it promotes DRG neuron regeneration. Therapeutics targeting CTDSP1 activity may represent a novel epigenetic strategy to promote peripheral nerve regeneration after PNI by promoting the regenerative program repressed by injury-induced increased levels of REST in both neurons and support cells.
Emergency Department Management Metrics for Severe Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Liu Maple Bohan , Holt Tanya , Hansen Gregory
Published: September 2020

Background: As the majority of severe pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are received and managed in the emergency department (ED), the ED trauma center is vital to optimizing management. This study aimed to evaluate current management guidelines, and to recognize other high-risk components of TBI management. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted solely at the Jim Pattison Children’s Hospital in Saskatoon, Canada. Data pertaining to emergency department metrics included transport to trauma center, injury severity, indicators for raised intracranial pressure, airway and breathing, circulation, disability/central nervous system, complications, and outcome scores. Results: A total of 56 charts were included in the study population. Mean age of patient population was 14.3 years of age, with 76% being male. Thirty four percent of patients received a blood gas within 15 minutes of admission, and 20% received intervention to correct PCO2. Of the seven patients who received hyperosmolar therapy, three were based on computed tomography (CT) findings and four were based clinically. For 95% of patients, the position of the bed was not documented, and just 4% of patients had head of bed elevated to 30 degrees. Sixty four percent of patients were accompanied by a physician with airway expertise during CT. Conclusions: Building on current TBI guidelines, timeliness of PCO2 retrieval and improvements for targeted hyperosmolar therapy were noted. Two other potential areas for improving management included deliberate considerations for head of bed positioning and personnel accompanying patients undergoing CT.
The effects of vitamin D on albuminuria relative to blood lead in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wang Bin , Wan Heng , Cheng Jing , Chen Yingchao , Wang Yuying , Chen Yi , Chen Chi , Zhang Wen , Xia Fangzhen , Wang Ningjian , Lu Yingli
Published: September 2020

Background: Environmental lead exposure has been linked with reduced kidney function. However, evidence about its role in diabetic kidney damage, especially when considering the nutritional status of vitamin D, is sparse. Methods: This observational study comprised 4,033 diabetic patients from seven communities in Shanghai, China. The associations of blood lead with urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and albuminuria, defined as UACR ≥30 mg/g, according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were analyzed using linear and Poisson regression models, respectively. Results: A doubling of blood lead level was associated with a 10.7% higher UACR (95% CI, 6.19% to 15.5%) in diabetic patients with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L, whereas the estimate declined to 2.03% (95% CI, −5.18% to 9.78%) in those with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L. The difference in the association for albuminuria prevalence was also observed between the two groups, with risk ratios of 1.09 (95% CI, 1.03–1.15) and 0.99 (95% CI, 0.86–1.14) per doubling of blood lead level, respectively. Furthermore, the increment of UACR in relation to blood lead appeared to be two times higher in patients with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 than those with eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2. While in patients with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L, there was no association between blood lead and UACR regardless of eGFR category. Conclusions: Higher blood lead levels were associated with increased urinary albumin excretion in diabetic patients with vitamin D deficiency, which became more pronounced in the presence of reduced eGFR. Further prospective studies are needed to validate our findings and to determine whether vitamin D supplementation yields a benefit.
The Incidence of Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Observational Studies
Authors: Ng Jun Jie , Liang Zhen Chang , Choong Andrew MTL
Published: September 2020

Purpose Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is known to be associated with a hypercoagulable and prothrombotic state, especially in critically ill patients. Several observational studies have reported the incidence of thromboembolic events such as pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the weighted average incidence of PTE in critically ill COVID-19 patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit.Methods We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for relevant studies from 31 December 2019 till 15 Aug 2020 onwards using the search terms “coronavirus”, “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “2019-nCoV”, “thrombus”, “thrombo*”, “embolus” and “emboli*”. We included prospective and retrospective observational studies that reported the incidence of PTE in critically ill COVID-19 patients who required treatment in the intensive care unit. We identified 14 studies after two phases of screening and extracted data related to study characteristics, patient demographics and the incidence of PTE. Risk of bias was assessed by using the ROBINS-I tool. Statistical analysis was performed with R 3.6.3.Results We included 14 studies with a total of 1182 patients in this study. Almost 100% of patients in this meta-analysis received at least prophylactic anticoagulation. The weighted average incidence of PTE was 11.09% (95% CI 7.72% to 15.69%, I2 = 78%, Cochran’s Q test P < 0.01). We performed univariate and multivariate meta-regression which identified the proportion of males as a significant source of heterogeneity (P = 0.03, 95% CI 0.00 to -0.09)Conclusion This is the only study that had specifically reported the weighted average incidence of PTE in critically ill COVID-19 patients using meta-analytic techniques. The weighted average incidence of PTE remains high even after prophylactic anticoagulation. This study is limited by incomplete data from included studies. More studies are needed to determine the optimal anticoagulation strategy in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Urbanization-gradient-, gender- and age-specific prevalence of metabolic syndrome abnormal components and their accumulation in adults in Burkina Faso: analysis of the first national data
Authors: Diendéré Jeoffray , Kaboré Ahmed , Kaboré Jean , Lanou Hermann , Fofana Habib , Paré Constant , Zeba Augustin , Méda Nicolas
Published: September 2020

Background: Accumulation of metabolic syndrome abnormal components dramatically increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess the specific prevalence of abnormal components according to the urbanization gradient, gender and age, with the cumulative number of abnormalities in Burkinabè, using nationally representative data.Methods: Data of 4365 participants to the Burkina Faso 2013 Stepwise approach to Surveillance study were analysed, including sociodemographic parameters (with age-groups of 25-34; 35-44; 45-54 and 55-64y), components defined with the International Diabetes Federation criteria (waist circumference [WC], blood pressure [BP], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], fasting blood glucose [FBG]). The urbanization gradient was the four quartiles of the regional urbanization rates.Results: Between quartiles, prevalences (%) of abnormal components significantly differed and the extremes were: 71.1-81.2 in men(♂), 75.9-81.2 in women(♀) for low HDL-C; 32.8-48.2(♂), 21.5-51.6(♀) for elevated BP; 3.4-7.3(♂), 30.8-45.5(♀) for high WC; 6.2-11.0(♂), 6.7-14.2(♀) for high FBG; 2.8-7.3(♂), 9.6-24.0(♀) for individuals who cumulated at least three abnormalities; and the extreme means in cumulative number of abnormalities were 1.3-1.5(♂), 1.4-1.9(♀). Between age-groups, prevalences significantly differed and the extremes were: 71.9-81.6(♂), 71.8-83.1(♀) for low HDL-C; 32.3-49.1(♂), 23.8-30.3(♀) for elevated BP; 2.0-14.0(♂), 24.8-65.3(♀) for high WC; 6.4-13.0(♂), 5.5-10.4(♀) for high FBG; 2.5-12.0(♂), 8.5-25.8(♀) for individuals who cumulated at least three abnormalities; and the extreme means in number of abnormalities were 1.2-1.4(♂), 1.4-1.9(♀).Conclusion: The low HDL-C was nationally prevalent and could serve as a background to the metabolic abnormalities’ accumulation, which worsened with the process of urbanization and demographic transition, and more severely in women.
The Timing of Oesophageal Dilatations in Anastomotic Stenosis After One-Stage Anastomosis for Congenital Oesophageal Atresia
Authors: Ye Hong , chen qiang , Huang Jinxi , Hong Junjie , hong songming
Published: September 2020

Background: In infants with congenital oesophageal atresia, anastomotic stenosis easily occurs after one-stage oesophageal anastomosis, leading to dysphagia. In severe cases, oesophageal dilatation is required. In this paper, the timing of oesophageal dilatation in infants with anastomotic stenosis was investigated through retrospective data analysis.Methods: The clinical data of 107 infants with oesophageal atresia who underwent one-stage anastomosis in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analysed. Data such as the timing and frequency of oesophageal dilatation under gastroscopy after surgery were collected to analyse the timing of oesophageal dilatation in infants with different risk factors.Results: For infants with refractory stenosis, the average number of dilatations in the early dilatation group (the first dilatation was performed within 6 months after the surgery) was 5.75±0.5, which was higher than the average of 7.40±1.35 times in the normal dilatation group (the first dilatation was performed 6 months after the surgery), P=0.038. For the infants with anastomotic fistula and anastomotic stenosis, the number of oesophageal dilatations in the early dilatation group was 2.58±2.02 times, which was less than the 6.38±2.06 times in the normal dilatation group, P=0.001. For infants with non-anastomotic fistula stenosis, early oesophageal dilatation could not reduce the total number of oesophageal dilatations.Conclusion: Starting to perform oesophageal dilatation within 6 months after one-stage anastomosis for congenital oesophageal atresia can reduce the required number of dilatations in infants with postoperative anastomotic fistula and refractory anastomotic stenosis.
Evaluation of the effects of Covid 19 on the mental health of staff in a private hospital for coronary patients
Authors: Nodoushan Reza Jafari , Alimoradi Hadi , Nazari Mahsa
Published: September 2020

Background: Corona epidemic and quarantine enforcement, various effects on the psychological and social aspects of the population has left. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between depression, anxiety and relationship with medical staff and mental health is caused by corona.Methods: For this purpose, samples of 650 health personnel of private hospitals were selected. Inventory DASS, HADS, and the Internet and through social media networks were evaluated. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used.Results: The results showed that straw anxiety corona) to negative (and social cohesion caused by corona) to positive (mental health correlates. It was also found that anxiety caused by Corona, respectively 47 and 26 percent predict changes in mental health.Conclusion: These results show the positive and negative effects of psychosocial interventions in quarantine and it have practical implications in the development of the epidemic crisis is Corona.
The protective of baicalin on pulmonary hypertension vascular remodeling through regulation of TNF-α signaling pathway
Authors: Xue Xia , Jiang Wen , Sun Chao , Wang Jue , Xin Qian , Li Kaili , Qi Tonggang , Luan Yun
Published: September 2020

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening disease, so far no effective method for it. Baicalin can attenuate pulmonary artery pressure and reduce right ventricular hypertrophy in PH, however, the potential mechanism remains unexplored. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect and of baicalin on experimental PH vascular remodeling, and reveal the underlying mechanism.Methods: Monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rats models was established, and baicalin was given by intragastric administration. Six weeks later, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) were recorded, lung tissue hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was analysis to reveal the effect of baicalin on MCT-induced PH. In Vitro, we established TNF-α induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) to detect the inhibition of baicalin on vascular remodeling. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions.Results: Our results indicated that baicalin could significantly attenuate MCT induced the RVSP and the right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI); inhibit pulmonary vascular remodeling and lung fibrosis. Moreover, our results showed baicalin could significantly decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but increase the protein expression of bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor (BMPR2), ID1 and Smad1//5/8.Conclusion:Taken together, our present study confirmed the mechanism of baicalin against PH was associated with inhibition of TNF-α signaling pathway.
Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Count Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) for Identifying Serious Infection (SI) and Serious Bacterial Infection (SBI) in Febrile Young Infants < 90 Days Old
Authors: Xean Khoo Zi , Ling Chong Shu , Yong-Kwang Gene Ong
Published: September 2020

Background:Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are simple and easy to calculate biomarkers. They have been reported as a predictor of severity and prognosis in adult patients with bacteremia. However, there is a paucity of literature examining the use of NLR and PLR as a diagnostic biomarker in pediatrics. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of the NLR and PLR for identifying serious infections (SI) and serious bacterial infections (SBI) in febrile young infants <90 days old. Methods: A retrospective review of neonates and infants who were admitted for evaluation of fever between 1st July 2018 and 31st December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients aged less than 90 days of life admitted for fever from the emergency department were included. Patient age, gender, comorbidities, body temperature, clinical findings and initial laboratory results including white blood cell (WBC) count, NLR, PLR, serum levels of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) were assessed, and the microbiological investigations and final clinical diagnoses were evaluated. Results: There were 561 patients identified for inclusion. SI and SBI were diagnosed in 166 (29.6%) and 98 (17.5%) patients. Mean absolute neutrophil count, NLR were significantly higher in the SI group compared to the non-SI group (1.39±1.04 vs 1.09±0.87, p=0.001). The NLR was also significantly different in the SBI compared to the non-SBI group (1.38±0.88 vs 1.13±0.94, p=0.019). PLR did not show statistical significance in differentiating SI or SBI from non SI or SBI group. For SI and SBI, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) curve value of NLR was 0.57 (95 % CI 0.46-0.69) and 0.61 (95% CI 0.48-0.73), respectively. Although we found significantly higher NLR values in infants with SI and SBI, our results indicate that CRP was more accurate at detecting SI and SBI. Conclusion: Our study provided initial evidence on the use of the NLR in combination with other biomarkers in the diagnosis of serious infection and serious bacterial infection in young infants < 90 days’ of life. Prospective evaluation of this finding is needed to assess further its clinical value in the evaluation of young febrile infants for SI and SBI.
Embryos From "0PN" Zygotes May Be Most Likely 2PN Embryo in L-R-ICSI 
Authors: Liu Caixia , Han Dong , Chen Jianguo , Liu Ying , Li Dong , Zhou Yan , Zhang Chaofan , Liu Jie
Published: September 2020

Although some zero pronuclei (0PN) zygotes cleave and develop into good embryos, they are usually discarded because they lack two distinct pronuclei (2PN). In this case report, we followed four couples to determine whether 0PN embryo could be used in late rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (L-R-ICSI). Here we report five healthy infants, including one set of twins, derived from "0PN" embryos from four frozen–warmed embryo transfer (FET) cycles in L-R-ICSI between 2015 and 2017. Of nine infants born from L-R-ICSI cycles in our center, five were "0PN" embryos, and all remain healthy. Embryos from "0PNs" such as 2PN can develop into healthy babies using L-R-ICSI. This finding suggests that embryos from "0PNs" in L-R-ICSI may be different from traditional 0PN gametes and more likely to originate from 2PN gametes and they may be used in those infertile couples who lack 2PN embryos, instead of discarding them. The use of "0PN" embryos increases the cycles reaching embryo transfer, allowing some infertile couples to have healthy children and to avoid mental anguish and wasted time and money.
Impact of the early-ripening Champa rice – Are they aus?
Authors: Wu Cheng-Chieh , Huang Lin-Tzu , Tsai Yuan-Ching , Quynh Ha Thi , Trung Nguyen Quoc , Wu Dong-Hong , Hsing Yue-ie
Published: September 2020

Background The early-ripening rice races are important because they may escape droughts, avoid floods and reduce the growing period. Thus, they could be cultivated for at least two cropping seasons each year in sub-tropical or tropical areas. According to Song Dynasty history, many rice accessions were brought to China from the Champa Kingdom, and these lines were drought-resistant and non-photoperiod–sensitive. Here, we address the impact of Champa rice on rice production, and which subtype the Champa rice belong to.Results We performed a phylogenetic analysis of rice landraces in China and Taiwan that had the word “Champa” in their names. We also cooperated with rice breeders in Vietnam, where the ancient Champa Kingdom was. Together with the publicly available genome sequencing data, we confirmed that many Taiwan landraces are also Champa rice. We also showed that these Champa rice played important roles in ancient and modern rice production. The most famous landrace is Dee Geo Woo Gen, one of the parental lines of IR8. This landrace had a loss-of-function semi-dwarf 1 gene and thus is lodging-resistant. In addition, Champa rice is indica type but not aus.Conclusions Champa rice is a group of indica rice. Many Champa rice accessions are early maturing and are resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Some are key accessions in the “green revolution” and have been very important in the modern breeding program.
Hyperglycemia as a risk factor in pancreatic cancer: a nested case-control study using prediagnostic blood glucose levels
Authors: Jacobson Sara , Franklin Oskar , Dahlqvist Per , Johansson Mattias , Svensson Johan , Billing Ola , Sund Malin
Published: September 2020

Background: To determine the risk association between fasting glucose levels and pancreatic cancer using systematically collected prediagnostic blood glucose samplesMethods: Prospective nested case-control study of participants from the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, including 182 cases that developed pancreatic cancer and four matched controls per case. Blood glucose levels, at fasting and after an oral glucose tolerance test, collected up to 24 years before pancreatic cancer diagnosis were analyzed. The association between fasting glucose levels and pancreatic cancer risk was determined using unconditional and conditional logistic regression models and trend analysis. The association between fasting glucose and the time to pancreatic cancer diagnosis, tumor stage and survival was determined using a likelihood-ratio test, t-test and log-rank test.Results: The unadjusted risk of developing pancreatic cancer increased with increasing fasting glucose levels (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.05-1.60, P = .015). Impaired fasting glucose (≥6.1 mmol/L) was associated with an adjusted risk of 1.77 for developing pancreatic cancer (95% CI 1.05-2.99, P = .032). The risk association was strongest in never-smokers (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.26-12.77) and non-diabetics (OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.08-4.79). Fasting glucose levels were not associated with TNM stage at diagnosis or survival.Conclusions: High fasting glucose is associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer and the risk association is stronger in never-smokers and non-diabetics.
CRESCIMENTO DE PANICUM MAXIMUM CV. BRS ZURI EM RESPOSTA A RIZOBACTÉRIA E NITROGÊNIO
Authors: Picazevicz Angelita Aparecida Coutinho , Shockness Leonardo dos Santos França , Santos Filho Arnaldo Libório , Do Nascimento Izabel Rodrigues , Maciel Lariana Diniz , Da Silva Lucas Rodrigues , Costa Gabriel Elias Gil
Published: September 2020

Avaliou-se o crescimento de Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri em resposta a Azospirillum brasilense e nitrogênio. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, com 8 repetições, considerando a ausência e a presença de Azospirillum brasilense  inoculado nas sementes e nitrogênio (50 kg ha-1) aplicado no solo. Verificou-se interação dupla entre os fatores, sendo que na ausência da adubação nitrogenada, por ocasião da semeadura, Azospirillum brasilense foi eficiente no aumento da altura das plantas. Além disso, a inoculação das sementes com este microrganismo resultou no aumento da massa seca da parte aérea, nitrogênio, potássio, cálcio e magnésio total acumulado na parte aérea Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri.
PERFIL FERMENTATIVO DA SILAGEM DE CAPIM-ELEFANTE ADICIONADA DE TORTA DE NABO FORRAGEIRO, PINHÃO MANSO OU TREMOÇO, EM DIFERENTES PROPORÇÕES
Authors: Júnior Arnaldo Prata Neiva , Silva Filho José Cleto da , Cappelle Edílson Rezende , Tavares Valdir Botega , Paula Paulo Ricardo Pereira , Souza William Luiz de
Published: September 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade fermentativa da silagem de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) adicionada de tortas de nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus), de pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas) ede tremoço (Lupinus albus L). O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Pesquisa Animal da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), onde os coprodutos foram ensilados em silos experimentais de PVC,adaptados com válvula tipo Bunsen. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com trêsrepetições, onde os tratamentos foram arranjados segundo um esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo.Foi utilizado o esquema fatorial 3x3 + 1, sendo 3 tipos de torta - nabo forrageiro (TNF), pinhão manso (TPM)e tremoço (TT); 3 níveis de inclusão de torta - 5, 8, e 11% mais 1 tratamento adicional de capim-elefante.Foram determinados os valores de pH, N-NH3, poder tampão (PT) e ácido graxos voláteis (AGV´s). Os valores de pH obtidos nas silagens experimentais, com exceção das contendo TPM nos níveis 5 e 11%, e TT nonível 8% apresentaram valores considerados adequados. Houve efeito (P<0,05) do nível de adição das trêstortas (TNF, TPM e TT) nas silagens de capim elefante, sendo que o menor valor foi observado no nível deinclusão 5%, para TNF e TT. Já para TPM o menor valor de N-NH3 foi no nível 8%. Os valores médios de PTindicam que a média do tratamento adicional é superior (P<0,05) à média da combinação dos fatores níveise tortas. As silagens contendo TPM, com exceção dos valores de ácido propiônico, não apresentaram valoressatisfatórios para serem classificadas como boas silagens, já que os valores de ácido acético foram superiores a 2% e os de ácido lático não entraram no intervalo de 4 a 6%. As tortas proporcionam perfis fermentativos diferentes para as silagens, indicando redução no PT, sendo que a TNF e TT proporcionaram melhores níveis de ácido lático em silagens de melhor qualidade.
DESEMPENHO PRODUTIVO DE MINIMILHO COM ADUBAÇÃO ORGÂNICA E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NOS DANOS DA LAGARTA-DO-CARTUCHO
Authors: Silva Ivana Fernandes , Cunha Coelho Fábio , Cruz Ivan
Published: September 2020

O milho (Zea mays L.), em sua forma de cultivo para minimilho, atende bastante as exigências dos consumidores devida sua delicadeza e baixo valor calórico quando comparado como milho convencional (grãos). Com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade do minimilho adubado com diferentes doses de composto orgânico e sua influência sobre a lagarta Spodoptera frugiperda foi instalado um experimento com seis tratamentos, doses de composto orgânico (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 e 20 Mg ha-1), em blocos casualizados com 10 repetições. As avaliações dos danos provocados pela S. frugiperda foram realizadas aos sete, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 e 49 dias após a emergência das plantas. Para a produtividade do minimilho as avaliações foram em função do número de espigas comerciais, bem como o peso, comprimento e o diâmetro das espigas comerciais em cada tratamento. Os resultados da produtividade de minimilho, comprimento, diâmetro e o peso das espigas, bem como as notas de danos da S. frugiperda não foram afetados pelas diferentes doses de composto orgânico. Informações a esse respeito podem contribuir para a decisão do produtor, visto que os muitos híbridos destinados para a produção de minimilho já possuem alto potencial produtivo e não necessitaria de adubações químicas complementares, bem como, não proporcionar problemas ambientais através da adubação com nitrogênio N em excesso.
EFICIÊNCIA AGRONÔMICA DA ALFACE SUBMETIDA A DIFERENTES COMPOSTOS ORGÂNICOS
Authors: Moura Álisson Queiroz , Corrêa Elida Barbosa , Fernandes Josely Dantas , Monteiro Filho Antonio Fernandes , Leão Alexandre Costa , Boava Leonardo Pires
Published: September 2020

A alface crespa foi avaliada quanto ao seu desempenho agronômico utilizando diferentes compostos orgânicos e uma fonte mineral de adubação, em casa de vegetação em Lagoa Seca-PB. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualisado em esquema fatorial constituído de três compostos orgânicos com diferentes níveis (0, 10, 20%) de substituição de esterco bovino por capim colonião (Panicum maximum) na pilha de compostagem, sendo testadas cinco doses (0, 5, 10, 15 e 20 toneladas ha-1) e um tratamento com fertilizante mineral. A fonte mineral apresentou o melhor resultado para os parâmetros de produção total (PC), produção comercial (PC) e número de folhas (NF), onde os compostos orgânicos para os mesmos parâmetros não diferiram entre si, no entanto os melhores resultados foram obtidos quando se utilizou 20 toneladas ha-1. O composto constituído pela substituição de 10% do esterco bovino por capim colonião apresentou os maiores resultados para a massa seca das folhas, caule e raiz, quando comparado com as demais fontes de adubação. A utilização de compostos orgânicos não proporcionou produtividade de alface equivalente à aplicação de fertilizante mineral, no entanto a não similaridade cronológica entre o ciclo da alface e a mineralização lenta dos compostos orgânicos parece ter sido decisivos para os resultados.
DESEMPENHO AGRONÔMICO DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI DE PORTE SEMIERETO E SEMIPROSTRADO EM DIFERENTES POPULAÇÕES
Authors: Américo Lourenço da Silva  , Paulo Sérgio Cardoso Batista  , Kaique Junior Orilio de Oliveira  , Cleino Aparecido da Cruz  , Luanna Vanessa de Souza Cangussú  , Wesley Esdras Santiago
Published: September 2020

A população de plantas é um fator que está sob controle do produtor e interfere de forma significativa na produtividade de grãos em qualquer cultura. Determinar a população ideal que proporciona o máximo desempenho de cada cultivar se torna importante para se obter uma produção ótima de grãos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de duas cultivares de feijão-caupi de porte semiereto e semiprostrado em diferentes populações. O experimento foi conduzido em esquema fatorial 2x4 (cultivares e populações de plantas). O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas quatro populações de plantas: 120, 160, 200 e 240 mil plantas ha-1. As características avaliadas foram: altura de plantas, comprimento de vagens, número de grãos por vagem, produtividade de grãos e massa seca da parte aérea. As populações de plantas avaliadas influenciaram apenas na produtividade de grãos. A cultivar BRS Marataoã, de porte semiprostrado, apresentou maior número de grãos por vagem, altura de plantas e produtividade de grãos. A população que proporciona maior produtividade de grãos é próxima de 160 mil plantas ha-1.
Alimentação segura em creche filantrópica no município de Viçosa – MG
Authors: MIRANDA MILAGRES Regina Célia , CUNHA Maria Gott Abreu , LOPES Jessilene de Freitas , OLIVEIRA Júlia Rodrigues , SOUZA Eliana Carla Gomes , DELLA LUCIA Ceres Mattos
Published: September 2020

Pré-escolares carecem de maior atenção no controle higiênico, considerando a vulnerabilidade do seu sistema imunológico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi adequar o serviço de alimentação de uma creche filantrópica de Viçosa (MG) às Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF). Foram realizadas as atividades: aplicação de Listas de Verificaçãodas BPF antes e após intervenções; implementação de plano de ação para melhorias estruturais; oficinas sobre higiene; elaboração de Manual de Boas Práticas (MBP) e Procedimentos Operacionais Padronizados (POP). Após as intervenções houve melhorias expressivas nas BPF com aumento de quase 20% de atendimento aos itens da legislação identificados nas listas de verificação. Medidas corretivas estruturais, capacitações, acesso ao MBP e aos POP propiciaram melhorias nas práticas de higiene dos manipuladores. Conclui-se que as ações do projeto tornaram possível adequar a instituição às BPF, comprovado pela melhoria na classificação da creche nas listas de verificação.
Capacitação empresarial no Sudoeste do Paraná: uma análise do Programa Bom Negócio Paraná
Authors: MELO Edson Santos , FONTES Jean Carlos , FLESSAK Isadora Mazzon , ROSIN Luana
Published: September 2020

O Programa Bom Negócio Paraná (PBNP) é um projeto de extensão, cujo foco é proporcionar capacitação empresarial gratuita aos empresários de micro e pequenas empresas, além de futuros empresários. Assim, o objetivo desse artigo é apresentar as ações e os resultados do PBNP - Núcleo Francisco Beltrão, vinculado à Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, durante o período de 2012 a 2019, na região Sudoeste do Paraná. Para tanto, recorreu-se a uma análise documental com o intuito de levantar informações e embasar com maior robustez os resultados. Verificou-se que, durante o período analisado, ocorreram mais de duas mil capacitações. Demonstrou-se, ainda, como é heterogêneo o perfil dos capacitados e que a satisfação com o curso se manteve sempre positiva. Além disso, destacou-se a atuação do núcleo em outras atividades, como a realização de feiras, publicações e a parceria com outros projetos de extensão. Assim, conseguiu-se evidenciar a importância do PBNP na região no período analisado.
Zolpidem in treatment resistant adolescent catatonia: a case series
Authors: Kumar Pravesh , Kumar Deepak
Published: September 2020

Catatonia is a well-established psycho-motor disorder occurring in the background of various psychiatric and medical disorders. Catatonia is commonly associated with psychiatric disorders, especially affective disorders followed by schizophrenia. However, almost 20% occur in the background of different medical and neurological disorders which need to be properly examined and investigated. Catatonia is a serious medical and psychiatric emergency condition; most probably caused by alteration in GABAergic circuits and basal ganglia. If untreated, catatonia can cause life threatening complications like dyselectrolemia, respiratory aspiration, venous thromboembolism, acute renal failure and cardiac arrest because of poor oral intake, immobility and muscular rigidity. The risk of mortality or serious life threatening events further increases in cases of children and adolescents. In children and adolescents, thus, it becomes even more important to diagnose catatonia early and start appropriate treatment. Lorazepam is considered to be the first line treatment and is safe both in adults and children. But evidence is scarce for treatment of lorazepam-resistant adolescent Catatonia. In this report we discuss two adolescent patients diagnosed with catatonia with no medical or neurological disorders in the background. Neither of the patients responded to lorazepam alone or even after augmentation with second generation antipsychotic (olanzapine). Zolpidem, like lorazepam, has a positive allosteric effect on GABA A Receptors (GABAAR) and has been used in some cases successfully to treat resistant catatonia. Here we used zolpidem 30 mg/day in divided doses with marked improvement in few days in all the symptoms. Both cases were discharged on zolpidem extended release (ER) three times a day and maintained well through the next two follow ups in over a two month period. Zolpidem can be a good alternative for children and adolescents in resistant cases.
Small area estimation: its evolution in five decades
Authors: Ghosh Malay
Published: September 2020

The paper is an attempt to trace some of the early developments of small area estimation. The basic papers such as the ones by Fay and Herriott (1979) and Battese, Harter and Fuller (1988) and their follow-ups are discussed in some details. Some of the current topics are also discussed.
Model selection in radon data fusion
Authors: Zhang Xuze , Pyne Saumyadipta , Kedem Benjamin
Published: September 2020

Fitting parametric models or the use of the empirical cumulative distribution function are problematic when it comes to the estimation of tail probabilities from small samples. A possible remedy is to fuse or combine the small samples with additional data from external sources and base the inference on the so called density ratio model with variable tilt functions, which widens the support of the estimated distribution of interest. This approach is illustrated using residential radon concentration data collected from western Pennsylvania.
A generic business process model for conducting microsimulation studies
Authors: Burgard Jan Pablo , Dieckmann Hanna , Krause Joscha , Merkle Hariolf , Münnich Ralf , Neufang Kristina M. , Schmaus Simon
Published: September 2020

Microsimulations make use of quantitative methods to analyze complex phenomena in populations. They allow modeling socioeconomic systems based on micro-level units such as individuals, households, or institutional entities. However, conducting a microsimulation study can be challenging. It often requires the choice of appropriate data sources, micro-level modeling of multivariate processes, and the sound analysis of their outcomes. These work stages have to be conducted carefully to obtain reliable results. We present a generic business process model for conducting microsimulation studies based on an international statistics process model. This simplifies the comprehensive understanding of dynamic microsimulation models. A nine-step procedure that covers all relevant work stages from data selection to output analysis is presented. Further, we address technical problems that typically occur in the process and provide sketches as well as references of solutions.
Blocos de solo-cimento para contenção de erosão hídrica
Authors: Thoma Andréa Cristina , Fernandes Eduardo Paranhos , Rodrigues Edson Fernandes , Santos Lauana Lopes dos , Silva Alexandre Christofaro , Prat Bernat Vinolas
Published: September 2020

A erosão antrópica vem se intensificando desde que o ser humano deixou de ser nômade, nos primórdios da agricultura. Vários procedimentos vêm sendo testados e utilizados para minimizar os efeitos da erosão. Nas últimas décadas, artefatos de solo-cimento, facilmente produzidos a baixo custo, têm sido utilizados para controle da erosão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi projetar, produzir e testar a resistência de blocos de solo-cimento com formato de meia-lua para aplicação no controle da erosão hídrica. Para a construção destes blocos foi projetada e confeccionada uma fôrma em chapa de aço. Foram realizados quatro traços de cimento (8%, 12%, 16% e 20%), que após homogeneização e compactação com solo e água, resultaram em blocos de 8 a 9 kg e dimensões aproximadas de 3,25 cm de espessura, 30 cm de comprimento e 26 cm de altura. Após o tempo de cura de 7 e 28 dias, os blocos foram submetidos a testes de absorção de água e resistência à compressão. Todos os blocos apresentaram comportamento satisfatório em relação à resistência ao empuxo do solo. Os blocos produzidos com 12% de cimento foram aqueles com menor custo que resistiram à compressão mínima especificada nas normas técnicas (~ 2 Mpa) e apresentaram uma absorção de água inferior a 13%. Os blocos de solo-cimento em formato de meia-lua podem ser utilizados no controle da erosão hídrica.
COVID-19 – Role of Government Intervention
Authors: Chatterjee Sandip
Published: September 2020

The ravage of COVID-19 has remained unprecedented in the history of human civilization. The pandemic has bewildered the governments across the nations amidst the twin edge blade of economic stringency or unabated growth of the disease. The study has attempted to find the efficacy of GovernmentIntervention (GI) incombating the forces of the pandemic. Ithas pooled historical data of victims of 13 most affected countries after smoothening the data with ARIMA(p,q,r) technique to formulate an exponential model for its spread. The model considers six explanatory variables including GI to understand the dynamics of the disease. The historical data of the countries pooled across continents to have six groups. While variance inflation factorused for detecting multicollinearity, multivariate regression model adopted to determine the association between the explanatory variables and COVID-19 growth. The study pivoted on finding the role of GI, looking at its association with COVID-19 spread. Comparability analysis of the coefficient of GI conducted across the models to find the intensity across the continents. The study finds GI an effective instrument in the continents of America (North), America (South) and Asia, conducive for buying time for herd immunity and invention of vaccine and/or medicine.
Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Different Sectors in India
Authors: Gandhi Rishabh , Gandhi Sarthak
Published: September 2020

This report talks about Corona Virus and its impact on the Indian Economy. The Aviation Sector, Pharmaceutical Sector, Tourism and Hotel Sector and Entertainment Sector are studied and analyzed individually and includes current information related to their industry, analyzing the economic impact of COVID – 19 on these sectors in India along with suggestions for these sectors to grow again and improve themselves. The main objective of this report is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the Indian Economy and these 4 sectors. The research done is a secondary research as the data available online through research papers, online articles and industry reports were sufficient for the research, and also during the current pandemic, primary research wasn’t possible. The research involved data from various sources including articles from sources like LiveMint, Economic Times and India Today and The Wire and also articles by Pharmaceutical Technology, Brand Equity, BW Hotelier, etc. Industry reports by the Indian Brand Equity Foundation and Deloitte. The report by Deloitte was specific to the pharmaceutical sector and the effect of COVID- 19 on the sector. The industry reports by the Indian Brand Equity Foundation gave an idea about a standard condition of the sector in the country and who all are the market leaders. Data from the Government of India Website and FICCI website and articles were also taken to get authentic insights about the situation. The results show us that even though the pharmaceutical sector had some problems they are still growing and television and online media and entertainment are growing in the entertainment sector but the Cinema Halls are closed. The aviation sector had been hit very badly due to the airports all around the world being shut but with time some flights everyday are opened for urgent purposes with a lot of precautions and maybe till the end of the year they get back to their original state. The tourism and hospitality sector has been hit the worst. This was one of the last sectors being allowed by the government to open in the lockdown transition. The restaurants need to follow strict social distancing norms and various preventions to maintain sanitation and have been allowed to open from 8th June. This sector will comparatively take a lot of time to recover as the rule given by the Government to not allow more than 50 people in a social gathering can cause losses to this sector. As the government has started relaxing norms, it is expected that with time these sectors will be able to recover their losses and the economy will come back on track with the growth of technology and the aim of the country to become self-sufficient.
The Conspicuous Lessons and Positive Impacts Observed Due to COVID-19 in Indian Economy
Authors: Roy Somosree
Published: September 2020

Like every occurring has positive and negative aspects, so is the COVID-19 outbreak. It is true that there are extreme consequences faced by the economies and the people across the world following this crisis, yet there are some lessons to be learnt from it to shield economy from any such disasters in future. Also, there are certain interesting positive outcomes of this crisis in different compasses of the Indian economy. This article aims to provide a holistic view of the ten lessons learnt as well as the positive outcomes of the pandemic in different spheres of the Indian economy. Some of such aspects are economic reforms, the plight of the farmers and migrant workers, measures taken and required for the marginalised sections, digitalisation and ecommerce operations, self-dependence within the economy, the effect on crime rates, consumerism and changes in spending patterns, lifestyle and working patterns, refraining from conspicuous spending, impact on health and healthcare, effect on science, indigenous innovation and research and the effects on environment. All these positive impacts of COVID-19 on the India will be highlighted in the article individually in separate sections.