bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O SER HUMANO, A RAZÃO, AS EMOÇÕES E A ESCOLA
Authors: Morais Aurora Maria de , Prates Admilson Eustáquio , Soares Wellington Danilo , Finelli Leonardo Augusto Couto
Published: September 2024

O presente ensaio é oriundo de reflexões produzidas a partir de aprendizados de formação em Pós-Graduação, que visaram expandir as percepções sobre a formação do ser humano e seus impactos para a educação. Objetivou, a partir da proposta de disciplina, retomar conceitos dessa formação, reconhecendo o percurso histórico, com suas mudanças e impactos, que consideram o desenvolvimento humano no processo educacional. Metodologicamente, trata-se de revisão da literatura que integra conceitos clássicos a noções hodiernas, de modo a explicitar o avanço do processo de reconhecimento do ser na contemporaneidade, com impactos para o processo formativo educacional. Como resultados, indica um percurso reflexivo sobre a capacidade de pensar, que é permeada, desde a antiguidade, pela racionalidade, e como se reconhece que esta, por si só, não é suficiente para explicar o funcionamento humano. Assim, demonstra como as emoções passaram a ser reconhecidas no bojo da formação do indivíduo, o que, por sua vez, modifica as formas de aproximação desse objeto de estudo. Concluímos, ao fim da produção, que as tradicionais metodologias de ensino, pautadas no desenvolvimento da racionalidade, deixaram de ser suficientes para explicar a amplitude do comportamento humano, promovendo, assim, questionamentos sobre a necessidade de se pensar em novas formas de ensino.
O PANORAMA MIGRATÓRIO NA AMÉRICA LATINA E AS VULNERABILIDADES EM SAÚDE ASSOCIADAS AO CONTEXTO DOS IMIGRANTES: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Martinello Eduarda Caroline Ceriolli , Lutinski Junir Antônio
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo pretende discutir o panorama geral da migração internacional no mundo e na América Latina, analisando as vulnerabilidades em saúde presentes no contexto dos imigrantes internacionais acolhidos nesta região. Trata-se de uma Revisão Narrativa da literatura, a qual identificou que os imigrantes internacionais acolhidos nos países da América Latina estão submetidos a um contexto permeado por diversas vulnerabilidades em saúde, especialmente relacionadas às precárias condições de vida, trabalho e renda, além das dificuldades para acessar os serviços de saúde, impactando nos resultados de sua saúde. Ressalta-se a necessidade de investimento em políticas públicas visando melhorar as condições de vida e de acolhimento desses imigrantes nos países latino-americanos.
A FORMAÇÃO SOCIAL URBANA NO RIO DE JANEIRO NA PRIMEIRA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Silva Adriano Rosa da
Published: September 2024

O tema central que constitui o objeto de estudo nesta pesquisa refere-se à investigação e análise da organização social na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, após a abolição da escravatura e a Proclamação da República, em fins do século XIX e início do século XX, período marcado por diversas transformações econômicas, sociais, urbanísticas e culturais na então capital federal, na passagem do Império para a República, onde os trabalhadores são pensados por várias dimensões nesse escopo temporal. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, por meio de suporte teórico e revisão de literatura com enfoque analítico.
Towards Developing Empathetic Engineers for The Rural Road Project Management
Authors: Mohamad Ali Norwati , Latif Yusouf , Fernando Alexa Ray , Minalla Abdelrahim Mohamed , Yuan Chin Chia , Syed Hassan Syed Ahmad Helmi , Mohd Yusof Khairiyah
Published: September 2024

Education of empathetic engineering for the rural road project management and professional excellence for young engineers is very important as the end product can highly impact the rural community.  The current research focused on the analysis of the concept from the explicit meaning of empathy of recent literature from five publishers through an advanced computer search. The goal of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework from a holistic list of empathy perceptions affecting the engineer in managing projects. Two research questions were addressed: first, what does empathy mean when the element of engineering is the centre of the study? and; secondly, from what perspective of project management construction stages does empathy influences engineer? Factors contributing to project failure can be categorized into three major factors namely physical and financial constraints, other minor issues, and empathy issues. Empathy issues are the combination of empathy keywords and empathetic perspectives that could be developed and incorporated in the management of rural roads during the feasibility study, planning, design, and construction stage of the project. Towards developing empathetic engineers and further reducing project failures, intervention through empathy training is a viable option for the enhancement of emotional intelligence and project management skill.
The Effect of Controlled Hypotensive Anesthesia on Postoperative Sore Throat
Authors: Avcı Uğur , Karaman Tuğba , Gürler Balta Mehtap , Tapar Hakan , Karaman Serkan
Published: September 2024

Aim: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a commonly encountered and significant complication following anesthesia, which can adversely affect the quality of a patient's recovery. Many factors contribute to the development of POST. Controlled hypotension (CH) is a surgical technique used to reduce blood flow, improve visibility, and shorten procedure time by safely lowering blood pressure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of CH on POST, coughing, hoarseness, and vomiting in patients undergoing surgery in a supine position with a fixed endotracheal cuff pressure.
Material and Method: A total of 124 patients, aged between 18 and 65 years, classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I-II and scheduled for elective surgical procedures, were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: Group N (n=65), consisting of normotensive individuals, and Group H (n=59), which included patients subjected to CH. In both groups, the endotracheal cuff pressure was manually set to 25 cmH2O using a cuff pressure manometer. CH was achieved in Group H by administering glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) infusion, maintaining the mean arterial pressure (MAP) within the range of 55-65 mmHg. Patients were assessed for POST, coughing, hoarseness, and vomiting at postoperative 15 minutes, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours.
Results: Demographic data, smoking status, ASA scores, surgical and anesthesia durations were similar between the groups. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in the numeric rate scores (NRS) for throat pain at 15 minutes and 2 hours, as well as hoarseness scores at 2 and 6 hours. The groups were similar regarding vomiting rates and cough scores.
Conclusion: In this study investigating the impact of CH on sore throat, we observed an increased incidence of POST and hoarseness in patients subjected to CH.
Service Quality Perceived by Athletes: The Case of Local Government Youth Centre
Authors: Kızılkaya Kemal , Ekin Abdulkadir , Özdemir Mehmet , Buyrukoğlu Erhan , Karadağ İlker
Published: September 2024

Meeting the needs in social life is given to local governments by the state. Local governments are responsible for meeting the social needs of individuals. Today, youth center areas are built by local governments to meet the social needs of young people and to create social areas. These are areas opened by local governments to protect the mental and physical health of all young people, to provide socio -cultural support, to contribute to the education of young people in line with their interests and to develop their skills. Athletes mostly use these areas for their physical development. These explanations and expressions, in our research, athletes local administrations youth in the centers perceived service of the quality examination is intended. In our research, we used a 10-question personal information forum (Gender, Educational Status, Branch, Monthly Income Status, Age, Your Mother's Educational Status, Your Father's Educational Status, Your Mother's Profession, Your Father's Profession) created by the researchers. The "Perceived Service Quality Scale in Youth Centers" , whose validity and reliability study was conducted by Polat et al. (2013), consisting of 23 items and a 5-point Likert type consisting of three sub-dimensions ( Physical Environment Quality , Interaction Quality, Output Quality ) , was used. The sample of the research consists of 349 (n=145 Female, n=204 Male) volunteer athletes who are actively involved in three different sports branches (n=177 Athletics, n=116 Table Tennis, n=116 Cycling). The data of the research, which was designed as an analytical cross-sectional type, was collected face to face after receiving approval from the Siirt University Social Sciences and Humanities Research Ethics Committee. The data obtained in the research were evaluated in the SPSS 25.0 package program. As a result of the normality analysis of the scale, it was seen that the significance values were greater than 0.05 and it was decided to use non-parametric analyzes in the analysis. In our research, Kruskal Wallis H Test and Man Witney U Test were applied. In the statistical analysis, there was a statistically significant difference in the variables of gender, education level, monthly income level, your mother's education level, your father's education level and the sub-dimensions of the perceived service quality scale in youth centers and the scale general scores. It was observed that there was no statistical difference in the sub-dimensions of the scale of perceived service quality in youth centers and the overall scores of the scale with the variables of profession, your father's profession. As a results;In line with the findings obtained in our research, athletes local administrations youth in the centers perceived service of the quality mom and father education status , gender , education status , monthly income status with statistical aspect difference it shows detection has been made .
Combined Association of Depression Interms of Gender Along with Academic Classes of Students
Authors: Chauhan Urmila , Sharma Lakshay , Kaur Jaswinder
Published: September 2024

Every person have life experiences with variety of shifts ,turning points and stress during advancement phase of their life. College students are especially susceptible to stress since they are going through both personal and social changes. Among college students depression is becoming more and more prominent globally. The objective of this study was to show depression association interms of gender college students over the academic years (1st year and second year)students. In First year class out of 58 males (Non depression 12 and with depression 46) and out of 42 female (Non depression 22 and with depression 20) and in second year out of 42 males ( Non depression 19 and with depression 23 and out of 58 females (Non depression 41 and with depression17), Our result showed that depression is significantly associated with gender of students along their different academic classes (1st year and 2nd year ) chi square 29.72 (p<0.05).
Towards a Formal Analysis of “Vested Interests” as an Intrinsic Part of Social Science Research Techniques: Another Crucial Component of Social and Cultural Progress
Authors: Rao Mandavilli Sujay
Published: September 2024

We begin this paper by examining what vested are, both in specialized and generalized contexts and seek to examine why the entire concept has not been adequately studied both in sociology, and in other relevant and allied fields of the social sciences. The history of the usage of the term “vested interests” is also carefully traced along with other related concepts such as ideologies, lobbies, cabals, and conflicts of interest. The possible types of ideologies and vested interests are also probed, and these are interfaced with the points of view of both stakeholders and non-stakeholders of any given paradigm. We also then attempt to define what hard vested interests and soft vested interests are by means of suitable examples. We also propose tools and techniques to analyze vested interests using both direct and indirect techniques, and proposed methodologies to execute formal impact analyses as well. We also liberally pepper this paper with a large number of case studies, and hope that this will furnish and provide a valuable heuristic tool for social science research. These concepts are also then traced to and synchronized with our other previously published as well for the benefit of readers, so that a healthy correlation among all these papers is logically brought about. The crux and quintessence of this paper is that we emphasize the need to use valid
Wireless-based information model of the common operation of the elements of the aviation gas turbine engine
Authors: Tovkach Serhii
Published: September 2024

The paper is focused on ensuring an automatic reliable operation of aviation engine in a wide range of modes using wireless data transmission. This also helps to reduce the weight of it’s control system, the mass and dimensions of the modular construction of the engine. It is possible only on the basis of complex study of the transition processes of the aviation engine with the mutual influence of the course, from the theoretical point of view. Firstly, it is necessary to define method for start up as the process of engine transition from a state of rest in ground conditions or autorotation mode in flight to minimum stable operation mode. Then, in process start up for the initial spin up of the engine rotor, fuel supply and ignition a special starting system based on the Wireless Distributed Automatic Control System must be used in the combustion chamber. In practical application, this study can be used to create the new generation of aviation gas turbine engines and their control systems for subsonic and supersonic aircraft, identification their models based on the diagnosing the state of the engine according to dynamic ones parameters.
Improvement of fatigue management methodology related to flight crew
Authors: Alomar Iyad , Alomar Sofija , Stecenko Inna
Published: September 2024

This research focuses on flight crew fatigue and the improvement of a fatigue management methodology that helps in reducing fatigue for flight crew members, aiming to improve their well-being and overall aviation safety of flights. A thorough literature review established a foundation for understating fatigue and the available methodologies for fatigue management for flight crew members. To make the picture clearer, an empirical study was conducted, and it included surveys and interviews with flight crew members. The gathered data underwent detailed statistical and thematic analysis to identify key factors influencing fatigue among flight crew members. Findings revealed multiple contributors to the flight crew member fatigue. Using these insights, a fatigue management methodology is proposed, integrating real-world experiences with evidence-based strategies. The proposed methodology and the recommendations that were formed are relevant for a company management which is facing flight crew fatigue management issues.
The Discovery of Three Galactic Wolf–Rayet Stars
Authors: Marin Laurella C. , Massey Philip , Skiff Brian A. , Farrell Kennedy A.
Published: September 2024

Wolf–Rayet stars (WRs) are evolved massive stars in the brief stage before they undergo core collapse. Not only are they rare, but they also can be particularly difficult to find due to the high extinction in the Galactic plane. This paper discusses the discovery of three new Galactic WRs previously classified as Hα emission stars, but thanks to Gaia spectra, we were able to identify the broad, strong emission lines that characterize WRs. Using the Lowell Discovery Telescope and the DeVeny spectrograph, we obtained spectra for each star. Two are WC9s, and the third is a WN6 + O6.5 V binary. The latter is a known eclipsing system with a 4.4 day period from ASAS-SN data. We calculate absolute visual magnitudes for all three stars to be between −7 and −6, which is consistent with our expectations of these subtypes. These discoveries highlight the incompleteness of the WR census in our local volume of the Milky Way and suggest the potential for future Galactic WR discoveries from Gaia low-dispersion spectra. Furthermore, radial velocity studies of the newly found binary will provide direct mass estimates and orbital parameters, adding to our knowledge of the role that binarity plays in massive star evolution.
Chemical Abundance Gradients of Organic Molecules within a Protostellar Disk
Authors: Walls Levi G. , van ’t Hoff Merel L. R. , Bergin Edwin A.
Published: September 2024

Observations of low-mass protostellar systems show evidence of rich, complex organic chemistry. Their low luminosity, however, makes determining abundance distributions of complex organic molecules within the water snowline challenging. However, the excitation conditions sampled by differing molecular distributions may produce substantive changes in the resulting emission. Thus, molecular excitation may recover spatial information from spatially unresolved data. By analyzing spatially unresolved NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array observations of CH3OH and CH3CN, we aim to determine if CH3OH and CH3CN are distributed differently in the protostellar disk around HOPS-370, a highly luminous intermediate-mass protostar. Rotational diagram analysis of CH3OH and CH3CN yields rotational temperatures of 198 ± 1.2 K and 448 ± 19 K, respectively, suggesting the two molecules have different spatial distributions. Source-specific 3D LTE radiative transfer models are used to constrain the spatial distribution of CH3OH and CH3CN within the disk. A uniform distribution with an abundance of 4 × 10−8 reproduces the CH3OH observations. In contrast, the spatial distribution of CH3CN needs to be either more compact (within ∼120 au versus ∼240 au for CH3OH) or exhibit a factor of ≳15 increase in abundance in the inner ∼55 au. A possible explanation for the difference in spatial abundance distributions of CH3OH and CH3CN is carbon-grain sublimation.
The TRGB-SBF Project. I. A Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distance to the Fornax Cluster with JWST
Authors: Anand Gagandeep S. , Tully R. Brent , Cohen Yotam , Makarov Dmitry I. , Makarova Lidia N. , Jensen Joseph B. , Blakeslee John P. , Cantiello Michele , Kourkchi Ehsan , Raimondo Gabriella
Published: September 2024

Differences between the local value of the Hubble constant measured via the distance ladder versus the value inferred from the cosmic microwave background with the assumption of the standard ΛCDM model have reached over 5σ significance. To determine if this discrepancy is due to new physics or more mundane systematic errors, it is essential to remove as many sources of systematic uncertainty as possible, by developing high-precision distance ladders that are independent of the traditional Cepheid and Type Ia supernova route. Here, we present JWST observations of three early-type Fornax Cluster galaxies, the first of 14 observations from a Cycle 2 JWST program. Our modest integration times allow us to measure highly precise tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) distances and they will also be used to perform measurements of surface brightness fluctuations (SBFs). From these three galaxies, we determine an average TRGB distance modulus to the Fornax Cluster of μ = 31.424 ± 0.077 mag or D = 19.3 ± 0.7 Mpc. With 11 more scheduled observations in nearby elliptical galaxies, our program will allow us to set the zero-point of the SBF scale to better than 2% for more distant measurements, charting a path toward a high-precision measurement of H
0 that is independent of the traditional Cepheid–supernova Ia distance ladder.
Inferring the Mass Content of Galaxy Clusters with Satellite Kinematics and Jeans Anisotropic Modeling
Authors: Shi Rui , Wang Wenting , Li Zhaozhou , Zhu Ling , Smith Alexander , Cole Shaun , Gao Hongyu , Chen Xiaokai , Li Qingyang , Han Jiaxin
Published: September 2024

Satellite galaxies can be used to indicate the dynamic mass of galaxy groups and clusters. In this study, we apply the axisymmetric Jeans Anisotropic Multi-Gaussian Expansion (JAM) modeling to satellite galaxies in 28 galaxy clusters selected from the TNG300-1 simulation with halo masses of

log

10

M

200

/

M

⊙

>
14.3

. If using true bound satellites as tracers, the best constrained total mass within the half-mass radius of satellites, M(<r
half), and the virial mass, M
200, have average biases of −0.01 and 0.03 dex, with average scatters of 0.11 dex and 0.15 dex. If selecting companions in the redshift space with a line-of-sight depth of 2000 km s−1, the biases are −0.06 and 0.01 dex, while the scatters are 0.12 and 0.18 dex for M(<r
half) and M
200. By comparing the best-fitting and actual density profiles, we find that ∼29% of the best-fitting density profiles show very good agreement with the truth, ∼32% display over/underestimates at most of the radial range with biased M(<r
half), and 39% show under/overestimates in central regions and over/underestimates in the outskirts, with good constraints on M(<r
half); yet most of the best constraints are still consistent with the true profiles within 1σ statistical uncertainties for the three circumstances. Using a mock DESI Bright Galaxy Survey catalog with the effect of fiber incompleteness, we find DESI fiber assignments and the choice of flux limits barely modify the velocity dispersion profiles and are thus unlikely to affect the dynamical modeling outcomes. Our results show that with current and future deep spectroscopic surveys, JAM can be a powerful tool to constrain the underlying density profiles of individual massive galaxy clusters.
Intermittent Exotropia and Overminus Lens Therapy in Macedonia
Authors: Ljubic Antonela , Dimitrova Galina , Zechevikj Snezhana , Trajkovski Vladimir
Published: September 2024

AIM: Intermittent exotropia (IXT) is the most common form of exodeviations. The aim of our study was to investigate the outcome after overminus lens therapy in children and young adults with IXT.
METHODS: Fifty-three children and young adults with IXT, aged 3–33 years, from Macedonia, underwent slit-lamp examination, ocular motility, and refraction. For assessing near control in children and young adults with IXT, we used an office-based Mayo Scale.
RESULTS: Most of the patients had Mayo score 1 (30.2%) and Mayo score 2 (26.4%). A Mayo score of 3 was presented in 18.9% of the patients, and Mayo score of 0 in 15.1%. A Mayo score of 4 was presented in 5.7%, and Mayo scored only in 3.8% of the IXT patients. After prescribing overminus glasses, 43.4% of the IXT patients showed better outcomes with better punctum proximum convergence and/or, better stereoacuity, and/or smaller near angle of deviation (in pdp). 52.8% same motility and sensory outcome was observed, whereas only in 3.8% worse findings were reported.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study group was with a mean age over 5 (10.2 years) and we used lower overminus therapy (add. −0.75 D). The following studies of overminus lens therapy on IXT children and young adults over 5 years of age, should confirm our findings of a high percentage of improvement in terms of Mayo near control assessment.
Transthyretin-related Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy: A Case Report
Authors: Nikolova Sara , Ristikj-Stomnaroska Daniela
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Hereditary amyloidosis transthyretin is an autosomal dominant disease caused by heterozygous mutations in the transthyretin gene. The disease is characterized by amyloid deposits in various organs, primarily in the peripheral nerves and the myocardium.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 53-year-old female patient with the onset of symptoms 2 years earlier, presented with fatigue, difficulty walking, progressive muscle weakness, tingling in the hands and feet, blood pressure variations, weight loss, and constipation. There was no positive family history of familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Electromyography revealed sensorimotor axonal neuropathy; electrophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid was of transudative type, without immune activity in the central nervous system, while echocardiography detects hypertrophic myocardium and interventricular septum.
CONCLUSION: All patients who show symptoms of peripheral neuropathy with predominant signs of autonomic nervous system damage and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy should be referred for genetic testing for FAP.
The role of economics and the quality of antitrust case assessment in China: an empirical investigation
Authors: Katsoulacos Yannis , Gao Zhixue , Wang Zili , Feng Lingbing
Published: September 2024

This article empirically measures indicators capturing the role of economics in the antitrust decisions of the Competition Authorities of China from 2010 – 2021. The methodology allows that identification of the legal standards (LSs) adopted in assessing different conduct types and their evolution. The LSs are compared to their theoretically optimal level in order to deduce quality of enforcement. Comparative analysis is undertaken with published results on the role of economics for EC’s DGCOMP, UK’s CMA and Russia’s FAS. The Chinese Authorities’ enforcement record lags behind in quality that of DGCOMP and CMA in abuse of dominance cases though it is already well ahead of countries in which their modern Competition Law enforcement started at about the same time (2008), like Russia.
KosmosCoin: A New Paradigm in Global Finance – Exploring the Potential of a Global Reserve Currency
Authors: Oorkolil Vijimon
Published: September 2024

“KosmosCoin: Redefining Global Finance through a New Reserve Currency Paradigm”.

The concept of KosmosCoin as a global reserve currency presents a revolutionary approach to addressing the challenges and limitations of existing fiat currencies and cryptocurrencies. Unlike traditional currencies, KosmosCoin is backed by tangible assets such as land, population, and precious metals, providing inherent stability and value. This paper explores the unique selling points of KosmosCoin, including its potential to enhance economic stability, promote financial inclusion, and increase monetary sovereignty. By leveraging blockchain technology and decentralized governance models, KosmosCoin aims to create a transparent, efficient, and inclusive financial ecosystem. Key findings of this research indicate that KosmosCoin could significantly reduce transaction costs, improve liquidity, and facilitate global trade. However, practical implementation faces challenges related to scalability, security, privacy, and regulatory compliance. Despite these obstacles, the potential economic implications of KosmosCoin are profound, suggesting a promising avenue for reshaping the global financial landscape. This paper concludes that with collaborative efforts and strategic planning, KosmosCoin has the potential to become a viable and transformative global reserve currency.
Topographic heterogeneity influences diversity and abundance of Orthoptera in a rewilding scheme
Authors: Gardiner Tim , Casey Dorothy
Published: September 2024

Rewilding aims to restore ‘self-willed’ ecosystems involving the creation of habitats subject to stochastic disturbance connected by favorable corridors for dispersal of animals, including insects. Reversion of arable land to grassland and scrub habitats adjacent to Arger Fen nature reserve in Suffolk (southeast England) through non-intervention allowed succession to occur largely unmanaged on fields with differing topography, from flat terrain to slopes. Monitoring of Orthoptera revealed statistical evidence that species diversity and richness was greater on the steeper slopes (gradient > 10%), while species varied in their topographic preferences from flat terrain (e.g., long-winged conehead Conocephalus fuscus Fabricius, 1793) to slopes (e.g., field grasshopper Chorthippus brunneus Thunberg, 1815). Lagomorph grazing by the wild brown hare Lepus europaeus (Pallas, 1778) and the rabbit Oryctoloagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) appeared to be critical in maintaining exposed soil for hillside species such as C. brunneus, which may require the egg-laying and basking habitat. A mosaic of scrub and grassland on a wooded hillside affected by ash dieback Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (Baral et al. 2014) was also important for Orthoptera. We postulate that rewilding schemes on arable land may be particularly effective when there are topographic undulations incorporating flat and hillside areas to promote the greatest diversity of Orthoptera.
Glacial history of Saxifraga wahlenbergii (Saxifragaceae) in the context of refugial areas in the Western Carpathians
Authors: Cieślak Elżbieta , Ronikier Michał , Szczepaniak Magdalena
Published: September 2024

Despite the wealth of data available for mountain phylogeography, local-scale studies focused on narrow endemic species remain rare. Yet, knowledge of the genetic structure of such species biogeographically linked to a restricted area is of particular importance to understand the history of the local flora and its diversity patterns. Here, we aim to contribute to the phylogeographical overview of the Western Carpathians with a genetic study of Saxifraga wahlenbergii, one of the most characteristic endemic species of this region. We sampled populations from all discrete parts of the species’ distribution range to apply sequencing of selected non-coding cpDNA and nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) regions, as well as Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting. First, while ITS sequences showed weak diversification, the genetic structure based on cpDNA sequences revealed two well-differentiated groups of haplotypes. One of them is restricted to the main center of the distribution range in the Tatra Mountains (Mts), while the second group included a series of closely related haplotypes, which in most cases were unique for particular isolated groups of populations in peripheral mountain ranges and in the south-eastern part of the Tatra Mts. AFLP fingerprinting also revealed a pattern of divergence among populations, while only partly corroborating the division observed in cpDNA. Taking into account all the data, the pattern of genetic structure, supported by the high levels of unique genetic markers in populations, may reflect the historical isolation of populations in several local refugia during the last glacial period. Not only the center of the range in the Tatra Mts, but also other, neighboring massifs (Malá Fatra, Nízke Tatry, Chočské vrchy, Muránska planina), where populations are characterized by separate plastid DNA haplotypes, could have acted as separate refugia.
Activisme judiciaire et transformations de l’action publique au Japon
Authors: Sala Adrienne
Published: September 2024

En analysant les mobilisations sociales et politiques du droit pour lutter contre le problème de la mort par surmenage ( karôshi ) et du suicide par surmenage ( karôjisatsu ) au Japon, cet article met en lumière l’influence de la judiciarisation sur les différentes formes d’action publique engagées pour faire face à ces phénomènes. Ces mobilisations se sont organisées dans le cadre de structures juridiques spécifiques, en droit administratif, droit civil, droit de la sécurité sociale et droit du travail, qu’elles sont parvenues, en partie, à faire évoluer pour répondre aux dysfonctionnements organisationnels suscités par le décalage croissant entre les normes du temps de travail et les transformations socioéconomiques de la société japonaise. L’approche processuelle de la judiciarisation de la santé au travail et l’analyse de la mise en œuvre plurielle des décisions de justice met en évidence la temporalité longue dans laquelle s’inscrit la récente réglementation du temps de travail maximum (2018-2020).
La gestion de la crise hydrique en Californie
Authors: Cortinas Muñoz Joan
Published: September 2024

La Californie est en proie à une crise hydrique depuis plusieurs années. Face à cette crise, les acteurs de l’eau ont opté pour ce qui peut être considéré comme une (non-)solution néo-conservationniste : il ne s’agit pas tant de remettre en question le modèle économique et urbain qui conduit à une consommation d’eau supérieure aux ressources disponibles, que de trouver des arrangements contractuels et techniques pour une gestion plus « durable » de l’eau, afin de soutenir l’expansion économique et urbaine. Plus qu’un effet d’une domination indiscutable des élites politiques, d’une mobilisation de croyances néo-conservationnistes ou d’un effet d’une architecture institutionnelle fragmentée, nous soutiendrons que le néo-conservationnisme observé est le résultat des logiques de fonctionnement du champ des politiques hydriques, relativement autonome du pouvoir politique et économique.
Gouvernance publique hospitalière : entre paradoxes et tensions. Le point de vue des cadres de santé
Authors: Lethielleux Laëtitia , Maquart Angélique
Published: September 2024

L’hôpital a connu des réformes au fil du temps (Debrosse, 2010 ; Dent, 2005) se manifestant par la mise en œuvre d’une nouvelle gouvernance hospitalière (Fray, 2009). L’hôpital est devenu une entreprise (Vallancien, 2008) où se confrontent une logique managériale inspirée des politiques libérales et la culture historique du soin. On peut alors s’interroger sur la possibilité d’intégrer ces nouveaux modes de gestion au sein de l’hôpital public et les inévitables paradoxes qui peuvent en découler. L’objectif de cet article est de confronter le point de vue des cadres de santé avec cette logique managériale, d’identifier leur perception de la gouvernance publique hospitalière et d’en identifier les tensions. À partir des travaux de l’école de proximité (Boschma, 2005), il s’agit également de mieux comprendre les paradoxes et les tensions institutionnelles, et d’identifier le rôle managérial des cadres de santé. La solution réside-t-elle dans le modèle de gouvernance ou bien dans le management lui-même ? Les entretiens semi-directifs, réalisés en 2020, auprès de 40 cadres de santé ont été analysés à l’aide du logiciel Alceste. Il en ressort deux principaux résultats : une meilleure compréhension de la nature de la gouvernance publique hospitalière dans la survenance des tensions observées et le rôle du management dans la gestion des tensions et paradoxes de l’hôpital public.
L’intelligence artificielle dans le secteur public : revue de la littérature et programme de recherche
Authors: Bertolucci Marius
Published: September 2024

L’IA, révolution technologique majeure, s’intègre de plus en plus dans le secteur public (police prédictive, détection de fraudes, chatbots, etc.). Nous analysons la recherche sur le secteur public et l’IA à partir d’une synthèse de trois revues systématiques de la littérature (Sousa et al. , 2019 ; Zuiderwijk, Chen et Salem, 2021 ; Wirtz, Langer et Fenner, 2021) jusqu’à novembre 2020. Puis, nous réalisons une analyse quantitative et qualitative de 22 articles publiés sur la période 2021 à 2022, classés en 10 thématiques. Ce panorama révèle une croissance des publications et une structuration du champ, identifiant les applications, avantages et défis de l’IA. Initialement présente dans d’autres disciplines, la recherche en management public sur l’IA est encore naissante et manque de fondements théoriques et de recherches empiriques. Nous proposons un agenda de recherche basé sur ces thématiques pour stimuler l’exploration de ce domaine en expansion.
URSS-Russie. Les transfuges, traîtres ou héros ?
Authors: Kozovoï Andreï
Published: September 2024

Transfuge Personne qui, en temps de guerre, d’hostilités, abandonne son armée, son pays, pour passer à l’ennemi.
« Wakô », les maîtres de la mer de Chine
Authors: Souyri Pierre
Published: September 2024

« Wakô » Wakô (ou wokou en chinois) signifie littéralement « envahisseur japonais ». Ce nom sert à désigner les pirates qui peuplent la mer de Chine à partir du xiv e siècle. Si le terme persiste par la suite, la majorité des wakô sont en réalité d’origine chinoise dès le xvi e siècle.
Viktor Orbán et ses cousins asiatiques
Authors: de Cevins Marie-Madeleine
Published: September 2024

Magna Hungaria Cette « Hongrie ancienne » (plutôt que « grande ») est le lieu mythique d’où viendraient les Hongrois ou leurs ancêtres, et que l’on situait au Moyen Age soit autour de la moyenne Volga, soit au nord de la mer d’Azov ; elle n’a de consistance historique qu’idéelle. Touranisme Doctrine ethno-historique faisant des Turcs, des Hongrois et de tous les peuples asiatiques une seule et même famille ou communauté dite « touranienne » ; le touranisme hongrois, sorte de colonialisme alternatif (culturel, diplomatique et économique mais toujours consenti et pacifique), érige les Hongrois en guides des (autres) peuples touraniens au motif qu’ils ont eu la chance d’enrichir la culture steppique originelle des apports de la civilisation occidentale.
Une religion parmi d’autres
Authors: Collet Hadrien
Published: September 2024

Aïd Le grand aïd, appelé tabaski en Afrique de l'Ouest, commémore le sacrifice d'Abraham et marque la fin du hajj . Le petit aïd est célébré à la fin du mois de jeûne du ramadan. Fétiche Mot venant du portugais attesté dès le xv e siècle qui désigne un objet rituel, naturel ou façonné, servant de support ou d’incarnation aux entités spirituelles, auquel on voue un culte ou utilisé pour ses propriétés magiques. Griot Détenteur des récits de la tradition orale, historiques ou mythiques dont le statut est héréditaire. Mansa « Roi des rois », titre porté par les empereurs du Mâli et intégré à leur nom de règne (comme Mansa Musa).
Reconstituer une culture détruite
Authors: Lecoq Patrice
Published: September 2024

Ayllu Communauté regroupant plusieurs familles, issues d’un même ancêtre, qui possèdent et cultivent la terre en collectivité. Waka Dans la langue quechua des Andes, un waka (ou huaca ) désigne un lieu ou un objet chargé de sacré ou de surnaturel.
Le chiisme, la religion de l’imam
Authors: Amir-Moezzi Mohammad Ali
Published: September 2024

Imam Dans le sunnisme, l’imam désigne un « guide » de la communauté musulmane, qui dirige la prière. Dans le chiisme, le terme revêt une dimension sacrée. L’Imam cosmique, lieu métaphysique de manifestation de Dieu, s’incarne dans des imams historiques terrestres qui, par leur être et leur enseignement, révèlent Dieu. Les chiites duodécimains admettent une lignée de douze imams à partir d’Ali. Le dernier, selon la tradition, disparu en 940, vit toujours, caché, et doit réapparaître à la fin des temps à la tête d’une armée de justes pour vaincre les forces du mal et faire régner la justice sur Terre.
La sécularisation côté femmes
Authors: Ladier-Fouladi Marie
Published: September 2024

Tchador/Hijab Le tchador, voile noir, posé sur la tête, laissant apparaître l’ovale du visage et fermé à l’aide des mains, est le vêtement traditionnel des musulmanes chiites en Iran. Il fut interdit en 1936 sous la monarchie Pahlavi et est porté de nos jours par les pratiquantes. Le hijab, de l’arabe hajaba , « cacher », « dérober aux regards », est un foulard qui cache les cheveux, les oreilles, le cou, et est souvent complété par une tunique. Contrairement au tchador, il est obligatoire dans les lieux publics de la République islamique depuis 1983.
Aksoum l’invention d’une ville sainte
Authors: Hirsch Bertrand
Published: September 2024

Abyssinie Le nom dérive, via sa récupération par des auteurs arabo-musulmans, d’un ancien terme en guèze que l’on retrouve sur des stèles aksoumites et qui a fini par désigner les habitants des plateaux éthio-érythréens. Les Européens, depuis sa première apparition dans le récit de Marco Polo au XIII e siècle, l’ont utilisé jusqu’au xx e siècle comme synonyme d’Éthiopie chrétienne.
Les Juifs, la lettre de change et la foire de Lyon
Authors: Dalarun Jacques , Trivellato Francesca
Published: September 2024

Financiarisation Finance dérive de l’ancien français finer , « mener à sa fin une transaction ». Au XIV e siècle, finance signifie « versement ». La financiarisation marque la rupture entre le commerce des produits manufacturés et la recherche du profit grâce à des opérations de crédit.
Louis XIV, bourreau des Bonnets rouges ?
Authors: Aubert Gauthier
Published: September 2024

Gabelle Impôt sur le sel prélevé sous l’Ancien Régime. La Bretagne en était exemptée. La gabelle est abolie sous la Révolution française. Bonnets rouges La révolte du Papier timbré (1675) tire son autre nom du couvre-chef que portaient souvent les paysans de Basse-Bretagne.
Jacques de Molay, le dernier templier
Authors: Josserand Philippe
Published: September 2024

Grand-maître Doté d’une autorité comparable à celle de l’abbé dans un cadre monastique, le maître, désigné à vie, est, dans un ordre religieux-militaire, celui en qui s’incarne le pouvoir. Si ce dernier n’est pas illimité, il est indiscuté, surtout au Temple, où, à partir du milieu du XIII e siècle, les sources parlent de « maître général » ou de « grand-maître ». Relaps Dérivant du latin relapsus , « tombé à nouveau », le mot, à la fois adjectif et nom, s’applique à un fidèle retourné à une hérésie à laquelle, abjurant,il avait auparavant renoncé, ce qui l’avait autorisé à une réconciliation dans l’Église dont la rechute annule le bénéfice, l’exposant cette fois à la mort. Bûcher En haut : cette enluminure du codex Chigi, conserve à Rome, représente des templiers brûlés devant les gendarmes du roi. Ci-dessus : une médaille maçonnique de la loge écossaise Jacques de Molay, frappée au xix e siècle à l’effigie du grand-maître, témoigne de la postérité du personnage chez les francs-maçons.
Marcellin contre les casseurs
Authors: Artières Philippe
Published: September 2024

Cocktail Molotov Arme incendiaire artisanale dont le composant principal est un liquide inflammable – essence ou alcool –, contenu dans une bouteille en verre. Lors de la guerre d’Hiver (1939-1940) qui les oppose aux Soviétiques, les soldats finlandais lui donnent ironiquement le nom du ministre des Affaires étrangères de l’Union soviétique : Viatcheslav M. Skriabine, dit « Molotov ».
Russie, 1917. Comment les moujiks ont fait plier Lénine
Authors: Werth Nicolas
Published: September 2024

Communisme Organisation économique, politique et sociale qui vise à aboutir à une société sans classe et qui est fondée sur la suppression de la propriété privée au profit de la propriété collective et de la mise en commun des moyens de production. Kolkhoze « Exploitation collective » en Union soviétique, où les terres et les moyens de production étaient mis en commun. Les premières voient le jour en 1917 sur la base du volontariat. Mais c’est avec la collectivisation des terres lancée par Staline en 1929 que se développe réellement ce système. Contrairement aux kolkhozes, les sovkhozes étaient des fermes qui appartenaient totalement à l’État.
La malédiction du loup-garou
Authors: Porret Michel
Published: September 2024

Lycanthropie Du grec lukanthrôpos , « homme-loup », le terme désigne à la fois la croyance selon laquelle un homme peut se métamorphoser en loup et un trouble mental durant lequel un individu a la conviction délirante d’être changé en loup.
Métamorphoses des biches
Authors: Girault Clémentine
Published: September 2024

Bicherie Dans la seconde moitié du XIX e siècle, le terme de bicherie désigne le monde des femmes entretenues. On distingue la « haute bicherie », prestigieuse, de la « basse bicherie », moins convenable mais plus accessible. A partir de 1900, ce terme, associé au Second Empire, est peu à peu abandonné.
Vincent de Gournay, l’anti-Colbert ?
Authors: Orain Arnaud , Charles Loïc
Published: September 2024

Bureau du commerce Institution, créée en 1700 et dissoute en 1791, où se discutait la majeure partie des politiques commerciales et économiques du royaume. Parmi les membres qui ont voix délibérative : les commissaires (ministres, maîtres des requêtes), les intendants du commerce et des finances, les inspecteurs généraux des manufactures, les représentants de la Ferme générale (le roi n’y siégeait pas). Indiennes Étoffes de coton peintes ou imprimées, fabriquées en Inde, puis imitées par les manufacturiers européens. L’importation des indiennes se développe à partir du XVII e siècle en France, malgré les interdictions.
1918, Japon : les « émeutes du riz »
Authors: Souyri Pierre
Published: September 2024

Buraku En japonais, le terme signifie « hameau » ou « village » et est utilisé pour désigner un quartier pauvre ségrégué des villes japonaises dans lequel se concentrent les burakumin (le suffixe -min peut se traduire par les « gens »), populations discriminées en position d’infériorité sociale. Le fait de vivre dans un buraku est l’un des principaux facteurs d’identification des burakumin .
Illustrer la norme. Décrire l’uniforme
Authors: Hélaine Laurent
Published: September 2024

La description de l’uniforme est avant tout une histoire de textes, d’ordonnances, de décrets, de lois, de circulaires établissant des normes… Mais aussi de représentations illustrées. Pourtant, bien qu’intimement mêlés, leurs finalités sont différentes : les uns décrivent, prescrivent, proscrivent ; les autres figent une représentation à un instant précis, vulgarisent, deviennent un outil de promotion et de rayonnement de l’institution, aidant les non-militaires à se représenter ce qu’est l’armée et contribuant indirectement à renforcer le lien de celle-ci avec la nation, ayant sans aucun doute fait naître bien des vocations.
Risquer la norme : la force de l’audit
Authors: Lacroix Gaël
Published: September 2024

L’audit interne, en dépit d’un lien fort avec le monde de l’entreprise, offre une approche de l’activité des organisations qui peut constituer une aide efficace pour le commandement dans sa gestion des risques. Souvent mal comprise, l’action des auditeurs est en effet tournée vers l’audité, à son profit et celui du collectif. Bien loin de se limiter à mesurer l’écart par rapport à la norme qui encadre les activités de l’organisation, l’auditeur doit en effet juger de l’adaptation de la norme au construit social du système qu’il examine, et auquel, auditeur interne, il appartient.
Quand les agirs deviennent des mots… après un psychodrame !
Authors: Carnevale Dino , Käser Myriam , Pérez Fuster Ángeles
Published: September 2024

Cet article met en évidence l’impact significatif du psychodrame d’investigation comme outil thérapeutique dans le cadre de la prise en soin de Théo, adolescent de 15 ans. Confronté à des difficultés émotionnelles et relationnelles importantes, le jeune peine à avancer dans sa psychothérapie individuelle. Ce dispositif lui permet d’expérimenter d’autres facettes de lui dans un cadre de jeu, facilitant l’expression et l’exploration de ses conflits internes et de ses différentes préoccupations. Le psychodrame offre à Théo un espace transitionnel, en présence de sa psychothérapeute observatrice, leur permettant de dépasser l’impasse contre laquelle la psychothérapie individuelle se dirigeait.
Ravage du symbolique, déliaison du lien social et familial
Authors: Collet Charlotte , Choukroun-Schenowitz Jessica , Ham Mohammed
Published: September 2024

Les auteurs proposent de saisir le « ravage » comme une occurrence d’un travail de déliaison du lien social et familial, entendu comme ravage causé au symbolique, qui serait particulièrement mis en lumière au cours de la période pubertaire. C’est à partir du cas d’une jeune adolescente de 14 ans, que nous établirons la relation entre le social, le familial et le sujet pour y lire cette tridimensionnalité du ravage. Celui-ci permet de mettre en perspective l’inflation des symptômes subjectifs avec l’affaiblissement du symbolique et de l’imago paternelle, et voit son traitement possible dans une relation de transfert.