bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and late complications of percutaneous epiphysiodesis with transphyseal screws
Authors: Ilharreborde B. , Gaumetou E. , Souchet P. , Fitoussi F. , Presedo A. , Penneçot G. F. , Mazda K.
Published: February 2012

Percutaneous epiphysiodesis using transphyseal screws (PETS) has been developed for the treatment of lower limb discrepancies with the aim of replacing traditional open procedures. The goal of this study was to evaluate its efficacy and safety at skeletal maturity. A total of 45 consecutive patients with a mean skeletal age of 12.7 years (8.5 to 15) were included and followed until maturity. The mean efficacy of the femoral epiphysiodesis was 35% (14% to 87%) at six months and 66% (21% to 100%) at maturity. The mean efficacy of the tibial epiphysiodesis was 46% (18% to 73%) at six months and 66% (25% to 100%) at maturity. In both groups of patients the under-correction was significantly reduced between six months post-operatively and skeletal maturity. The overall rate of revision was 18% (eight patients), and seven of these revisions (87.5%) involved the tibia. This series showed that use of the PETS technique in the femur was safe, but that its use in the tibia was associated with a significant rate of complications, including a valgus deformity in nine patients (20%), leading us to abandon it in the tibia. The arrest of growth was delayed and the final loss of growth at maturity was only 66% of that predicted pre-operatively. This should be taken into account in the pre-operative planning.
Apixaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after hip or knee replacement
Authors: Raskob G. E. , Gallus A. S. , Pineo G. F. , Chen D. , Ramirez L-M. , Wright R. T. , Lassen M. R.
Published: February 2012

In order to compare the effect of oral apixaban (a factor Xa inhibitor) with subcutaneous enoxaparin on major venous thromboembolism and major and non-major clinically relevant bleeding after total knee and hip replacement, we conducted a pooled analysis of two previously reported double-blind randomised studies involving 8464 patients. One group received apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily (plus placebo injection) starting 12 to 24 hours after operation, and the other received enoxaparin subcutaneously once daily (and placebo tablets) starting 12 hours (± 3) pre-operatively. Each regimen was continued for 12 days (± 2) after knee and 35 days (± 3) after hip arthroplasty. All outcomes were centrally adjudicated. Major venous thromboembolism occurred in 23 of 3394 (0.7%) evaluable apixaban patients and in 51 of 3394 (1.5%) evaluable enoxaparin patients (risk difference, apixaban minus enoxaparin, -0.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) -1.2 to -0.3); two-sided p = 0.001 for superiority). Major bleeding occurred in 31 of 4174 (0.7%) apixaban patients and 32 of 4167 (0.8%) enoxaparin patients (risk difference -0.02% (95% CI -0.4 to 0.4)). Combined major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding occurred in 182 (4.4%) apixaban patients and 206 (4.9%) enoxaparin patients (risk difference -0.6% (95% CI -1.5 to 0.3)).

Apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily is more effective than enoxaparin 40 mg once daily without increased bleeding.
Comparison of medial and lateral meniscal transplantation with regard to extrusion of the allograft, and its correlation with clinical outcome
Authors: Koh Y-G. , Moon H-K. , Kim Y-C. , Park Y-S. , Jo S-B. , Kwon S-K.
Published: February 2012

We compared extrusion of the allograft after medial and lateral meniscal allograft transplantation and examined the correlation between the extent of extrusion and the clinical outcome. A total of 73 lateral and 26 medial meniscus allografts were evaluated by MRI at a mean of 32 months (24 to 59) in 99 patients (67 men, 32 women) with a mean age of 35 years (21 to 52). The absolute values and the proportional widths of extruded menisci as a percentage were measured in coronal images that showed maximum extrusion. Functional assessments were performed using Lysholm scores. The mean extrusion was 4.7 mm (1.8 to 7.7) for lateral menisci and 2.9 mm (1.2 to 6.5) for medial menisci (p < 0.001), and the mean percentage extrusions were 52.0% (23.8% to 81.8%) and 31.2% (11.6% to 63.4%), respectively (p < 0.001). Mean Lysholm scores increased significantly from 49.0 (10 to 83) pre-operatively to 86.6 (33 to 99) at final follow-up for lateral menisci (p = 0.001) and from 50.9 (15 to 88) to 88.3 (32 to 100) for medial menisci (p < 0.001). The final mean Lysholm scores were similar in the two groups (p = 0.312). Furthermore, Lysholm scores were not found to be correlated with degree of extrusion (p = 0.242).

Thus, transplanted lateral menisci extrude more significantly than transplanted medial menisci. However, the clinical outcome after meniscal transplantation was not found to be adversely affected by extrusion of the allograft.
Predictors of mortality after total knee replacement
Authors: Clement N. D. , Jenkins P. J. , Brenkel I. J. , Walmsley P.
Published: February 2012

We report the general mortality rate after total knee replacement and identify independent predictors of survival. We studied 2428 patients: there were 1127 men (46%) and 1301 (54%) women with a mean age of 69.3 years (28 to 94). Patients were allocated a predicted life expectancy based on their age and gender.

There were 223 deaths during the study period. This represented an overall survivorship of 99% (95% confidence interval (CI) 98 to 99) at one year, 90% (95% CI 89 to 92) at five years, and 84% (95% CI 82 to 86) at ten years. There was no difference in survival by gender. A greater mortality rate was associated with increasing age (p < 0.001), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade (p < 0.001), smoking (p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) <  20 kg/m2 (p < 0.001) and rheumatoid arthritis (p < 0.001). Multivariate modelling confirmed the independent effect of age, ASA grade, BMI, and rheumatoid disease on mortality. Based on the predicted average mortality, 114 patients were predicted to have died, whereas 217 actually died. This resulted in an overall excess standardised mortality ratio of 1.90. Patient mortality after TKR is predicted by their demographics: these could be used to assign an individual mortality risk after surgery.
Transition Planning for Students With Intellectual Disability, Autism, or Other Disabilities: Data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2
Authors: Shogren Karrie A , Plotner Anthony J
Published: February 2012

To compare the status of transition planning for students with intellectual disability, autism, or other disabilities, we used data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2, a federally funded, national study of the secondary and postschool experiences of students with disabilities. Results show that although transition planning had been conducted for the majority of students, few of them took a leadership role in their transition planning. Students with autism or intellectual disability were significantly less likely than students with other disabilities to take a leadership role. The majority of the active participants in transition planning were school-based personnel. We also found limited participation from other agencies/support persons (e.g., vocational rehabilitation). Students with autism or intellectual disability had more identified needs for support after school than did students with other disabilities.
Factors Associated With Self-Concept: Adolescents With Intellectual and Development Disabilities Share their Perspectives
Authors: Jones Jennifer L
Published: February 2012

How one perceives the self is critical to long-term development. The purpose of this study was to explore the self-perceptions of adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Participants included 51 adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities, their parents (n  =  50), and teachers (n  =  12). A mixed-methods design was used. Qualitative interviews revealed that although 55% of participants self-identified as having a disability, there was a lack of constructive or affirmative language used to describe disability. Overall, adolescents' understanding of disability appeared to be grounded in a deficit model. Quantitative analyses were used to explore demographic variables, adolescent' perception of parent support, and self-determination as possible predictors of global self-worth and social acceptance. Results indicate that family income and parent support are particularly salient for this population.
Employment and Self-Management: A Meta-Evaluation of Seven Literature Reviews
Authors: Rusch Frank R , Dattilo John
Published: February 2012

Efforts focused on teaching individuals with intellectual disabilities to manage their own affairs have evolved over the past 30 years. Self-management strategies, in particular, hold much promise when the goal is to promote self-determination. In this article, the authors describe trends in the evolution of self-management strategies by analyzing seven literature reviews. The authors conclude with thoughts related to jump-starting an intervention that has appeared to lose momentum, namely, self-management.
Serotonin Activates Overall Feeding by Activating Two Separate Neural Pathways inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Song Bo-mi , Avery Leon
Published: February 2012

Food intake in the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansrequires two distinct feeding motions, pharyngeal pumping and isthmus peristalsis. Bacteria, the natural food ofC. elegans, activate both feeding motions (Croll, 1978; Horvitz et al., 1982; Chiang et al., 2006). The mechanisms by which bacteria activate the feeding motions are largely unknown. To understand the process, we studied how serotonin, an endogenous pharyngeal pumping activator whose action is triggered by bacteria, activates feeding motions. Here, we show that serotonin, like bacteria, activates overall feeding by activating isthmus peristalsis as well as pharyngeal pumping. During active feeding, the frequencies and the timing of onset of the two motions were distinct, but each isthmus peristalsis was coupled to the preceding pump. We found that serotonin activates the two feeding motions mainly by activating two separate neural pathways in response to bacteria. For activating pumping, the SER-7 serotonin receptor in the MC motor neurons in the feeding organ activated cholinergic transmission from MC to the pharyngeal muscles by activating the Gsα signaling pathway. For activating isthmus peristalsis, SER-7 in the M4 (and possibly M2) motor neuron in the feeding organ activated the G12α signaling pathway in a cell-autonomous manner, which presumably activates neurotransmission from M4 to the pharyngeal muscles. Based on our results and previous calcium imaging of pharyngeal muscles (Shimozono et al., 2004), we propose a model that explains how the two feeding motions are separately regulated yet coupled. The feeding organ may have evolved this way to support efficient feeding.
Exogenous Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Stimulates Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Enhances Hippocampal Remyelination
Authors: Deverman Benjamin E. , Patterson Paul H.
Published: February 2012

New CNS neurons and glia are generated throughout adulthood from endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells. These progenitors can respond to injury, but their ability to proliferate, migrate, differentiate, and survive is usually insufficient to replace lost cells and restore normal function. Potentiating the progenitor response with exogenous factors is an attractive strategy for the treatment of nervous system injuries and neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders. Previously, we reported that delivery of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) to the CNS stimulates the self-renewal of neural stem cells and the proliferation of parenchymal glial progenitors. Here we identify these parenchymal glia as oligodendrocyte (OL) progenitor cells (OPCs) and show that LIF delivery stimulates their proliferation through the activation of gp130 receptor signaling within these cells. Importantly, this effect of LIF on OPC proliferation can be harnessed to enhance the generation of OLs that express myelin proteins and reform nodes of Ranvier in the context of chronic demyelination in the adult mouse hippocampus. Our findings, considered together with the known beneficial effects of LIF on OL and neuron survival, suggest that LIF has both reparative and protective activities that make it a promising potential therapy for CNS demyelinating disorders and injuries.
Absence of TI-VAMP/Vamp7 Leads to Increased Anxiety in Mice
Authors: Danglot Lydia , Zylbersztejn Kathleen , Petkovic Maja , Gauberti Maxime , Meziane Hamid , Combe Roy , Champy Marie-France , Birling Marie-Christine , Pavlovic Guillaume , Bizot Jean-Charles , Trovero Fabrice , Della Ragione Floriana , Proux-Gillardeaux Véronique , Sorg Tania , Vivien Denis , D'Esposito Maurizio , Galli Thierry
Published: February 2012

Vesicular (v)- and target (t)-SNARE proteins assemble in SNARE complex to mediate membrane fusion. Tetanus neurotoxin-insensitive vesicular-associated membrane protein (TI-VAMP/VAMP7), a vesicular SNARE expressed in several cell types including neurons, was previously shown to play a major role in exocytosis involved in neurite growth in cultured neurons. Here we generated a complete constitutive knock-out by deleting the exon 3 ofVamp7. Loss of TI-VAMP expression did not lead to any striking developmental or neurological defect. Knock-out mice displayed decreased brain weight and increased third ventricle volume. Axon growth appeared normal in cultured knock-out neurons. Behavioral characterization unraveled that TI-VAMP knock-out was associated with increased anxiety. Our results thus suggest compensatory mechanisms allowing the TI-VAMP knock-out mice to fulfill major developmental processes. The phenotypic traits unraveled here further indicate an unexpected role of TI-VAMP-mediated vesicular traffic in anxiety and suggest a role for TI-VAMP in higher brain functions.
Ca2+/cAMP-Sensitive Covariation ofIAandIHVoltage Dependences Tunes Rebound Firing in Dopaminergic Neurons
Authors: Amendola Julien , Woodhouse Adele , Martin-Eauclaire Marie-France , Goaillard Jean-Marc
Published: February 2012

The level of expression of ion channels has been demonstrated to vary over a threefold to fourfold range from neuron to neuron, although the expression of distinct channels may be strongly correlated in the same neurons. We demonstrate that variability and covariation also apply to the biophysical properties of ion channels. We show that, in rat substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons, the voltage dependences of the A-type (IA) and H-type (IH) currents exhibit a high degree of cell-to-cell variability, although they are strongly correlated in these cells. Our data also demonstrate that this cell-to-cell covariability of voltage dependences is sensitive to cytosolic cAMP and calcium levels. Finally, using dynamic clamp, we demonstrate that covaryingIAandIHvoltage dependences increases the dynamic range of rebound firing while covarying their amplitudes has a homeostatic effect on rebound firing. We propose that the covariation of voltage dependences of ion channels represents a flexible and energy-efficient way of tuning firing in neurons.
5T4 Glycoprotein Regulates the Sensory Input-Dependent Development of a Specific Subtype of Newborn Interneurons in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Yoshihara Sei-ichi , Takahashi Hiroo , Nishimura Nobushiro , Naritsuka Hiromi , Shirao Taichi , Hirai Hirokazu , Yoshihara Yoshihiro , Mori Kensaku , Stern Peter L. , Tsuboi Akio
Published: February 2012

Sensory input has been shown to regulate development in a variety of species and in various structures, including the retina, cortex, and olfactory bulb (OB). Within the mammalian OB specifically, the development of dendrites in mitral/tufted cells is well known to be odor-evoked activity dependent. However, little is known about the developmental role of sensory input in the other major OB population of the GABAgenic interneurons, such as granule cells and periglomerular cells. Here, we identified, with DNA microarray andin situhybridization screenings, a trophoblast glycoprotein gene,5T4, whose expression in a specific subtype of OB interneurons is dependent on sensory input. 5T4 is a type I membrane protein, whose extracellular domain contains seven leucine-rich repeats (LRR) flanked by characteristic LRR-N-flanking and C-flanking regions, and a cytoplasmic domain.5T4overexpression in the newborn OB interneurons facilitated their dendritic arborization even under the sensory input-deprived condition. By contrast, both5T4knockdown with RNAi and5T4knockout with mice resulted in a significant reduction in the dendritic arborization of 5T4+granule cells. Further, we identified the amino acid sequence in the 5T4 cytoplasmic domain that is necessary and sufficient for the sensory input-dependent dendritic shaping of specific neuronal subtypes in the OB. Thus, these results demonstrate that 5T4 glycoprotein contributes in the regulation of activity-dependent dendritic development of interneurons and the formation of functional neural circuitry in the OB.
Persistence of the {…HOCO…HCN} heterosynthon in the co-crystals formed between anthranilic acid and three bipyridine-containing molecules
Authors: Arman Hadi D. , Kaulgud Trupta , Miller Tyler
Published: February 2012

Co-crystals formed between anthranilic acid and each of 4,4′-bipyridine (1), 1,2-trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (2) and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (3) have been formed from solutions containing 2:1 stoichiometric quantities of the reagents. Each structure features a centrosymmetric three-molecule aggregate mediated by O—H…N(pyridyl) hydrogen bonds indicating the robustness of the seven-membered {…HOCO…HCN} heterosynthon. The structures of (1)–(3) are isomorphous whereby the three-molecule aggregates are connected into flattened helical chains by amino-N—H…O(carbonyl) hydrogen bonds; the chains are consolidated into the three-dimensional structure by π…π interactions. The magnitude of the O—H…N hydrogen bonds in (1)–(3) are correlated with the basicity of the pyridine residue.
Who Enjoys Listening to Sad Music and Why?
Authors: Vuoskoski Jonna K. , Thompson William F. , McIlwain Doris , Eerola Tuomas
Published: February 2012

although people generally avoid negative emotional experiences in general, they often enjoy sadness portrayed in music and other arts. The present study investigated what kinds of subjective emotional experiences are induced in listeners by sad music, and whether the tendency to enjoy sad music is associated with particular personality traits. One hundred forty-eight participants listened to 16 music excerpts and rated their emotional responses. As expected, sadness was the most salient emotion experienced in response to sad excerpts. However, other more positive and complex emotions such as nostalgia, peacefulness, and wonder were also evident. Furthermore, two personality traits – Openness to Experience and Empathy – were associated with liking for sad music and with the intensity of emotional responses induced by sad music, suggesting that aesthetic appreciation and empathetic engagement play a role in the enjoyment of sad music.
A new designer drug: Methylone related death
Authors: Kovács Katalin , Tóth Anita Réka , Kereszty Éva Margit
Published: February 2012

This report presents a fatal case related to the consumption of methylone, a relatively new cathinone type designer drug. A 16-year-old boy suddenly lost his consciousness in a party. Resuscitation had been continued for about 1.5 hours at the intensive care unit, but it was unsuccessful. His previous history included cardiac malformation detected at infancy and bronchial asthma had been diagnosed one year before his death. Signs of sudden cardiac death were observed during autopsy. Methylone intake was proved in blood and liver extract using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; its concentration was 272 ng/ml in the blood, and 387 ng/g in the liver. Pathohistology revealed microvascular steatosis in the liver, which raised the possibility of chronic use of toxic substances. In addition, striated heart muscle damage was observed, which could be due to the use of an amphetamine-like substance. The authors presume that steatosis of the heart muscle, congenital heart disease and bronchial asthma could be predisposing factors for sudden cardiac death that occurred in the presence of relatively low levels of methylone. Access to various designer drugs is easy, fast and broad. Consequently, the potential abuse or overdose should be taken into consideration in the emergency practice. The use of “non-illicit” drugs does not require formal intervention by the authorities, but the medical service must alarm the stakeholders. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 271–276.
Development and characterization of nanocomposites with gold nanoparticles embedded in the nanostructured silicon substrate.
Authors: Gayou V. L. , Orduña Diaz A. , Delgado Macuil R. , Rojas López M. , Andraca-Adame J.A. , Agarwal Vivechana
Published: February 2012

In the present work an alternative nanoparticle synthesis technique was developed, where the nanoparticles nucleate and grow inside the pores of the nanostructured porous silicon (NPS). Employing green method for the nanoparticle synthesis, yeast extract is used as a reducing agent. The porous layers were prepared by electrochemical etching of Boron-doped (100) Si substrate (0.01-0.02Ohm·cm). The NPS support was immersed into the reactive colloid for different times, then withdrawn, cleaned and dried. SEM and XRD measurements were carried out to characterize the NPS substrate and the immobilized catalyst nanoparticles. EDX mapping shows a homogeneous deposition of nanoparticles on the porous support. The average particle size, calculated from XRD diffractograms (using the Scherrer`s formula), was found between 6 to 10 nm. This method provides a good incorporation and distribution of nanoparticles, also an alternative environment-friendly technique to develop catalytic devices fabricated on silicon substrate with an additional advantage of being integrated with the silicon based microelectronic circuits.
Properties of Composite Membranes of SPEEK and Nanodiamond
Authors: Hou Hongying , Maranesi Brunella , Khadhraoui Mustapha , Knauth Philippe , Polini Riccardo , Di Vona M. Luisa
Published: February 2012

The manufacture of composite materials can improve the properties of proton-conducting polymers as membranes in PEM fuel cells. We have investigated composite membranes obtained by dispersion of nanodiamond particles in a sulfonated PolyEtherEtherKetone (SPEEK) matrix. SPEEK is a major proton-conducting aromatic polymer. Nanodiamond has been studied for various applications and can be functionalized with different surface groups. For use in proton-conducting membranes, surface functionalization with proton-donating groups is a promising approach. In this preliminary work, we have studied the properties of membranes made using pristine nanodiamond from diverse origins for a first assessment of the potential properties. The composites were analysed by various techniques, including Thermogravimetric Analysis, water vapor uptake and mechanical tensile tests.
Fixed Contamination on Steel Surfaces: First Use of Quartz Crystal Microgravimetry to Measure Oxide Growth on Process Steels Under Conditions Typical of Nuclear Reprocessing.
Authors: Woodhouse Rebecca C. , Wilbraham Richard J. , Boxall Colin
Published: February 2012

During the lifetime of a nuclear facility, radioactive material may become deposited onto process and structural material surfaces. Due to their high corrosion resistance, steels comprise the largest class of metal-based materials encountered on nuclear sites. A greater understanding of the mechanisms of how contaminant radionuclides interact with and attach to process steels in nuclear plant environments is required in order to enable informed decisions to be made about the design and effective application of decontamination techniques, reducing secondary wastes.

There is limited literature relating to radionuclide sorption mechanisms on steels. Key studies have found that sorbed contamination is almost entirely located in the outermost oxide layers formed at steel surfaces. Thus, a molecular level investigation of contaminant uptake during induced oxide formation would be beneficial in developing steel decontamination strategies.

Stainless steel 316L is commonly employed in the nuclear industry in process streams and pipework. Thus, we describe work carried out on electrochemically accelerated oxide growth on 316L and SS2343 (a 316L analog) in nitric acid media and its characterisation using combined voltammetric and microgravimetric measurements. These allow identification of active, passive, high voltage passive, transpassive and secondary passivation regimes in the associated current voltage curves. EQCM on SS2343 coated quartz crystal piezoelectrodes, combined with potentiodynamic polarisation data have allowed us to determine that fastest net growth of surface oxide occurs in the low voltage passive regime. Further, we have directly measured the growth of that layer by using in situ microgravimetry for the first time. We will be shortly using the methods described above and radionuclide surrogates for the study of contaminant uptake during oxide formation and uptake onto preformed oxide layers. XPS will be used to determine layer composition and mode of contaminant uptake.
Photoluminescence due to Group IV impurities in ZnO
Authors: Cullen J. , Johnston K. , Henry M. O. , McGlynn E.
Published: February 2012

We report the results of photoluminescence measurements on ZnO bulk crystals implanted with both stable and radioactive species involving the group IV impurities Ge, Si and Sn. We previously confirmed the identity of a line emerging at 3.3225 eV as being related to Ge and present here uniaxial stress data which show that the defect responsible has trigonal symmetry. Experiments with Si provide circumstantial evidence of a connection with the well-known line at 3.333 eV. Our measurements indicate that for the case of Sn on the Zn site luminescence is not observed. We also confirm that the I9 and I2 lines are due to substitutional In impurities.
Executive attention and working memory in narcoleptic outpatients
Authors: Moraes Mirleny , Rossini Sueli , Reimão Rubens
Published: February 2012

OBJECTIVE: This pioneering study aimed to evaluate executive attention and working memory in Brazilian narcoleptic outpatients. METHODS: Narcoleptic group: 19 treated narcoleptic outpatients (13 F; 6 M) (mean age=37.58; SD = 8.93); control group: 19 subjects (15 F; 4 M) (mean age=34.42; SD=12.31). INSTRUMENTS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale - Brazilian Portuguese Version (ESS-BR), Victoria Stroop Test (VST), Trail Making Test (TMT) and Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS) of WAIS-III. RESULTS: Significant difference at Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) (p<0.001) and at working memory (p=0.009) with worse results for narcoleptic patients. Patients were slower at VST-1 (p=0.002), VST-2 (p=0.045) and at TMT-A (p=0.016), TMT-B (p=0.006) and B-A (p=0.024). CONCLUSION: Narcoleptic patients showed higher degrees of EDS, an impaired executive attention at a temporal level and lower performance in working memory when compared to normal controls.
Cysteine addition on short-term cooled boar semen preservation and its relationship with swine field fertility
Authors: Severo Carolina K , Pereira Gabriel R , Pereira Andressa M , Ilha Gustavo F , Oliveira João Francisco C. de , Soares Marcelo , Arruda Rubens P. de , Gonçalves Paulo B.D
Published: February 2012

Artificial insemination is routinely used in the swine industry to reduce the costs of production through to increase the efficiency of the refrigerated boar semen process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of cysteine (CYS) added to the Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) extender semen during cooling for up to 72 hours. Ejaculated from three boars were collected with the gloved-hand technique and semen aliquots were diluted in BTS as follow: BTS only (BTS), BTS + 0.1mM cysteine (CYS0.1), BTS + 0.5mM cysteine (CYS0.5), BTS + 1.0mM cysteine (CYS1.0), BTS + 2.5mM cysteine (CYS2.5), BTS + 5.0mM cysteine (CYS5.0), BTS + 10.0mM cysteine (CYS10.0), and BTS + 20.0mM cysteine (CYS20.0). Evaluation of sperm integrity were analyzed using 0.5mg/ml propidium iodide (plasma membrane), 100µg/ml isothiocynate-conjugated Pisum sativun agglutinin (acrosomal membrane) and 153µM 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl carbocyanine iodide (mitochondria potential) after semen dilution at specific times (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours). Additionally, we also evaluated the effects of 5.0 mM CYS addition in the BTS extender on the maintenance of sperm quality and their influence on fertility in the swine production. After artificial insemination, animals were evaluated based on the estrous return and the number of piglet's born. Cysteine at concentrations of 10.0 and 20.0mM resulted in more pronounced reductions even at the time zero. Semen viability decreased to levels below 10% at these high levels of CYS in the first 24 hour of storage at 17ºC. At the end of the storage time, less than 65% of sperm cells had intact plasma membrane in all groups. The sperm viability decreased significantly when the semen was added at high concentrations of CYS (time "0"; CYS10.0 and CYS20.0; p<0.05), when compared to the other CYS concentrations. The BTS (10.20±0.39) treated group showed a lower rate of estrus return when compared to other (BTSCYS; 86.05±039), and it showed also the highest total number of piglets borne per treatment (12.71±3.38 vs. 9.00±3.38, respectively). In conclusion, the addition of CYS in the BTS semen extender did not maintain spermatic viability of boar cooled spermatozoa and it results in a higher percentage of return to estrus and lower number of piglets borne.
Aspectos morfológicos da cérvice de ovelhas
Authors: Moura Diego S , Lourenço Tarcísio T , Moscardini Murillo M , Scott Caroline , Fonseca Phellipe O , Souza Fabiana F
Published: February 2012

A principal barreira para a aplicação da inseminação artificial transcervical é a anatomia cervical aliada à baixa viabilidade e sobrevida do sêmen ovino congelado. Assim, este experimento teve como objetivo estudar a morfologia da cérvice de ovelhas. Para tal, foram adquiridas, em matadouro, 81 peças do trato reprodutor de ovelhas, nas quais se avaliou a morfologia cervical, segundo as seguintes características: tipo de óstio cervical, mensuração do tamanho da cérvice, integralidade e interdigitação entre os anéis das pregas cervicais, tamanho e características macroscópicas dos ovários (folículos e corpo lúteo) e tempo da passagem do aplicador de sêmen pela cérvice. Foi identificada maior frequência do tipo liso de abertura da cérvice e integralidade e interdigitação dos anéis grau II. O tempo de passagem do aplicador pela cérvice foi em média de seis minutos e 15 segundos, sendo que o corante aplicado se difundiu por todo o canal, atingindo o útero na maioria das ovelhas. A média do diâmetro da abertura cervical foi de 0,68cm e o comprimento cervical de 4,4cm. A atividade folicular ovariana foi encontrada em 75% das fêmeas. Foi possível estabelecer várias correlações entre as variáveis. Conclui-se que o tamanho da abertura cervical sofre influência estrogênica, e o tipo liso de abertura cervical, o grau III de integralidade e interdigitação dos anéis e o maior comprimento da cérvice foram associados à maior dificuldade de passar o cateter no lúmen cervical.
Factors affecting immunoglobulin concentration in colostrum of healthy Holstein cows immediately after delivery
Authors: Gomes Viviani , Madureira Karina Medici , Soriano Sérgio , Libera Alice Maria Melville Paiva Della , Blagitz Maiara Garcia , Benesi Fernando José
Published: February 2012

This study analyzed the influence of the number of milkings, number of births, and udder quarter in immunoglobulin (Ig) concentration in the colostrum of healthy Holstein cows. It was collected two samples of colostrum by manual milking, getting the first jets to completion of bacteriological examination and immunoglobulin levels by radial immunodiffusion test in agar gel. Positive samples for bacteriological examination were excluded from this investigation. Medians of immunoglobulin's G, A and M in the colostrum collected before the first and second milking were respectively 9,200 and 6,400mg/dL (p=0.0029); 400 and 200mg/dL (p=0.0018); 800 and 400mg/dL (p=0.0001). Median immunoglobulin concentration in animals that calved once, twice or three times or in cows that calved 4 to 6 times were 6,400; 6,400; 3,200 and 11,200mg/dL IgG; 100, 200, 100 and 800mg/dL IgA ; and 400, 400, 100 and 800mg/dL IgM, respectively. Concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM were greater in animals that calved more than 4 times (p<0.05). Medians of IgG, IgA and IgM in the right fore quarter (RF), right hind quarter (RH), left fore quarter (LF) and left hind quarter (LH) were, respectively, 7,800; 6,400; 7,800 and 6,400mg/dL; 200, 200, 200 and 200mg/dL; and 400, 400, 400 and 400mg/dL. Ig concentrations in the colostrum of Holstein cows were influenced by the number of milkings after delivery and number of lactations. These variations may be considered risk factors to passive immunity transfer to newborn calves, predisposing them to diseases and causing economic losses to dairy production.
Origem e distribuição do nervo femoral do mocó, Kerodon rupestris (Cavidae)
Authors: Oliveira Gleidson B , Albuquerque José F.G , Rodrigues Marcio N , Paiva A.L.C , Moura Carlos E.B , Miglino Maria A , Oliveira Moacir F
Published: February 2012

O mocó (Kerodon rupestris Wied,1820), um mamífero roedor da família Cavidae, que se assemelha bastante ao preá, é um animal altamente adaptado às condições de calor e de escassez de água e de alimento, principalmente nos períodos das grandes secas que assolam periodicamente a região do semi-árido nordestino. Verifiica-se que na literatura há escassez de dados referentes à anatomia funcional dos mocós, em especial de trabalhos envolvendo a anatomia do sistema nervoso. Visando conhecer a origem do nervo femoral junto aos forames intervertebrais, sua localização e distribuição pelo membro pélvico, a musculatura envolvida em seu trajeto, a importância desse estudo para clínica de animais silvestres e contribuir para o desenvolvimento da neuroanatomia comparada, procedeu-se esta pesquisa, na qual foram utilizados dez animais adultos de diferentes idades (4 machos e 6 fêmeas) que vieram a óbito no Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres (Cemas) da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (Ufersa). Os animais foram fiixados em solução aquosa de formaldeído a 10% e posteriormente tiveram a cavidade abdominal dissecada até a completa visualização do nervo femoral. Foram verifiicadas variações no número de vértebras lombares nos animais, entre seis (30%) e sete (70%) vértebras, alterando, conseqüentemente, a origem do nervo. No antímero direito, verifiicou-se que em 40% dos animais o nervo femoral originava-se de ramos ventrais de L5L6, em 40% de L5L6L7 e em 20% de L4L5L6. Já no esquerdo 50% dos exemplares o nervo femoral foi formado de raízes ventrais de L5L6, em 30% de L5L6L7 e em 20% de L4L5L6.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de membranas rígidas, osteocondutoras e reabsorvíveis de polihidroxibutirato e hidroxiapatita para regeneração periodontal
Authors: Reis Emily C. C. , Borges Andréa P. B. , Oliveira Paulo M. , Bicalho Sheyla Maria Castro Máximo , Reis Alexandre Martins , Silva Charles Luís da
Published: February 2012

A regeneração tecidual guiada (RTG) utiliza membranas para favorecer a regeneração dos tecidos periodontais danificados pela doença periodontal. As membranas usadas ainda apresentam limitações, principalmente quanto à capacidade de manter o espaço do defeito. Dois biomateriais de origem brasileira, a hidroxiapatita (HAP) e o polihidroxibutirato (PHB), foram utilizados para fabricar membranas rígidas para RTG, contendo 25, 35 ou 50% de HAP em matriz de PHB pelo método de moldagem por injeção. As membranas apresentaram alta cristalinidade, sendo que, inicialmente, a topografia de superfície era pouco complexa em que os grânulos de HAP não estavam expostos. As membranas foram desgastadas com broca odontológica, de modo similar à cirurgia para sua implantação in vivo. Este procedimento resultou na exposição dos grânulos de HAP numa superfície com poros e estruturas lineares de dimensões que variaram de 3,55 µm ± 1,14 a 75,98 µm ± 30,76, portanto, característica microtopográfica. Observou-se, ainda, que a HAP é responsável por conferir uma topografia de superfície mais complexa às membranas. Portanto, espera-se que membranas com as características de rigidez e superfície microtopográfica possam proporcionar estabilidade ao defeito periodontal e permitir migração celular mais intensa, assim favorecendo a regeneração periodontal.
Gênero e culturas infantis: os clubinhos da escola e as trocinhas do Bom Retiro
Authors: Cruz Tânia Mara
Published: February 2012

Este estudo trata de gênero e culturas infantis, entrecruzando os clubinhos das séries iniciais, analisados em pesquisa feita em uma escola do bairro de Pinheiros, São Paulo, em 2001, e as trocinhas do Bom Retiro, estudadas por Florestan Fernandes em 1942. Na busca de aspectos microestruturais e do efeito dessas interações na construção de diferentes significados de gênero, emergiram questões como: em que medida tais agrupamentos conseguiam estabelecer espaços de autonomia perante o mundo adulto?; elaboravam relações de gênero próprias de uma cultura infantil?; quais eram os pontos centrais sobre os quais se desenrolava a trama das relações de gênero em cada tempo e lugar? A partir da etnografia, foram produzidos 28 registros de campo do recreio de 1ª a 4ª série. Apenas nas 3as e 4as séries assistiu-se a quarenta aulas de cinquenta minutos (de educação artística e educação física), e foram entrevistados 29 meninos e 26 meninas. Ora segregadores ora agregadores, observou-se que os clubinhos (mistos ou de mesmo sexo) eram o modo como as crianças geriam suas relações, fosse para permitir grupos mistos sem conflito, fosse para manter o distanciamento entre os sexos de modo pacífico. Este estudo contribui para trazer à tona um pouco das culturas infantis em seu protagonismo relacionado ao gênero e possibilita a caracterização da escola como espaço contraditório, que pode desenvolver ações de suporte às crianças para ampliação de suas experiências.
Motivação à prática regular de atividades físicas e esportivas: um estudo comparativo entre estudantes com sobrepeso, obesos e eutróficos
Authors: Balbinotti Marcos Alencar Abaide , Zambonato Flávio , Barbosa Marcus Levi Lopes , Saldanha Ricardo Pedrozo , Balbinotti Carlos Adelar Abaide
Published: February 2012

O principal objetivo do presente estudo é comparar os níveis de motivação à prática regular de atividades físicas de três diferentes grupos de alunos das escolas de ensino fundamental e médio do município de Erechim/RS: Obesos, com sobrepeso, e eutróficos. Para tanto, além das avaliações antropométricas - massa corporal e altura - foi aplicado o Inventário de motivação à prática regular de atividades físicas e esportivas (IMPRAFE-54) ( BALBINOTTI; BARBOSA, 2006 ). Os resultados variaram consideravelmente em valores nominais e a principais dimensões motivacionais foram as seguintes: Obesos (saúde); sobrepeso (estética; saúde; prazer); eutróficos (saúde, estética, prazer). Na comparação inter-grupo (obesos; sobrepeso; eutróficos), a dimensão Estética se destacou na diferença entre os grupos de sobrepesos e obesos. Espera-se que esses resultados possam contribuir para a prática pedagógica da educação física escolar.
Exercício físico como fator de prevenção aos processos inflamatórios decorrentes do envelhecimento
Authors: Brito Ciro José , Volp Ana Carolina Pinheiro , Nóbrega Otávio de Toledo , Silva Júnior Fernando Lopes e , Mendes Edmar Lacerda , Roas Aendria Fernanda Castro Martins , Barros Jonatas de França , Córdova Cláudio
Published: February 2012

Ao longo do processo de envelhecimento observa-se complexa remodelagem do sistema imunitário. Estas alterações estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de patologias responsáveis por grande parte da mortalidade em população idosa. Recentemente, a prática regular de atividades físicas tem sido proposta como intervenção não-medicamentosa com amplos benefícios sobre a regulação de processos decorrentes da imunossenescênia. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho revisou e discutiu estudos que abordam a ação de mediadores pró-inflamatórios crônicos e possíveis ações do exercício físico como agente antiinflamatório. Baseado nos resultados de estudos na literatura sugere-se que, em conjunto, a interleucina-6 (IL-6) e o fator de necrose tumoral-α (TNF- α) são as principais citocinas associadas à aterosclerose, sarcopenia e déficits cognitivos. Embora os mecanismos não sejam totalmente elucidados, o exercício reduz a atividade de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e aumenta a liberação de substancias anti-inflamatórias.
A temática do lazer em cursos de graduação da área da saúde
Authors: Pinheiro Marcos Filipe Guimarães , Gomes Christianne Luce
Published: February 2012

Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados da pesquisa que teve como objetivo compreender de que maneira a temática do lazer é abordada no âmbito do ensino nos cursos de graduação em Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A metodologia foi baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, que envolveu análise dos projetos político-pedagógicos e programas de disciplinas. Foi possível constatar diferentes abordagens, visões e funções do lazer. Para a Educação Física o lazer é observado a partir de aspectos teórico-práticos, de atuação e formação profissional. Na Terapia Ocupacional destacam-se as possibilidades de inclusão/integração social, socialização, exercício de cidadania, desenvolvimento pessoal; possibilidades de experiências prazerosas, de brincadeiras, atividades lúdicas, utilizadas como meios e fins médicos/terapêuticos. Na fisioterapia, é possível perceber um viés voltado para a reabilitação onde o lazer, por meio do brincar, é tratado apenas como uma ferramenta utilizada em alguns momentos do tratamento fisioterápico.
Postoperative Evaluation of Grafted Bone in Alveolar Cleft Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Data
Authors: Yoshida Shuji , Suga Kenichiro , Nakano Yoko , Sakamoto Teruo , Takaki Takashi , Uchiyama Takeshi
Published: February 2012

Objective

Postoperative evaluation of bone formation in the alveolar cleft by computed tomography imaging has been reported. We quantitatively evaluated bone grafts in the alveolar cleft preoperatively and postoperatively using three-dimensional data and superimposition of images.

Subjects

A total of 12 patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (six left-sided and six right-sided) were studied.

Methods

Helical computed tomography scans were taken immediately before surgery and at 6 months after surgery and the DICOM files obtained were processed using Mimics and 3-matic software for three-dimensional data analysis. The preoperative and postoperative computed tomography data were superimposed, and the position and length of the unerupted canines and width of the alveolar cleft measured.

Results

Strong and significant correlations were observed between bone formation in the alveolar cleft bone graft region and preoperative canine position ( r = –.766, p < .01) and canine length ( r = .681, p < .05). Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that only the preoperative canine position was independently and significantly correlated with bone formation in the alveolar cleft.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the optimal timing for surgery is when the canine cusp is close to the alveolar plane.
Psychosocial Outcomes in Children with and without Non-Syndromic Craniosynostosis: Findings from Two Studies
Authors: Cloonan Yona K. , Collett Brent , Speltz Matthew L. , Anderka Marlene , Werler Martha M.
Published: February 2012

Objective

To evaluate the hypothesis that children with craniosynostosis and their parents have differences in psychosocial outcomes, as compared with an unaffected control group.

Design

Two studies were conducted, both which followed children born with and without craniosynostosis. Study 1 ascertained affected children from clinics, and study 2 ascertained affected children from a population-based study of birth defects.

Participants

Study 1 included 22 children with single-suture craniosynostosis and 18 controls, ages 4 to 5 years. Study 2 included 24 children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis and 124 unaffected controls, ages 5 to 9 years.

Main Outcome Measures

Outcome measures included the Child Behavior Checklist, Social Competence Scale, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and Parenting Stress Index.

Results

We observed lower scores on measures of health-related quality of life in cases versus controls, with adjusted effect sizes ranging from −0.72 to −0.44 ( p < .05) on summary measures. Small but statistically nonsignificant increases in behavioral problems were observed in cases versus controls, with no apparent differences in social competence or parenting stress.

Conclusions

Results provide preliminary evidence suggesting that children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis may have elevated risk for psychosocial difficulties, particularly health-related quality of life. Continued follow-up through preadolescence and adolescence is warranted.
Flows, droughts, and aliens: factors affecting the fish assemblage in a Sierra Nevada, California, stream
Authors: Kiernan Joseph D. , Moyle Peter B.
Published: February 2012

The fishes of Martis Creek, in the Sierra Nevada of California (USA), were sampled at four sites annually over 30 years, 1979–2008. This long‐term data set was used to examine (1) the persistence and stability of the Martis Creek fish assemblage in the face of environmental stochasticity; (2) whether native and alien fishes responded differently to a natural hydrologic regime (e.g., timing and magnitude of high and low flows); and (3) the importance of various hydrologic and physical habitat variables in explaining the abundances of native and alien fish species through time. Our results showed that fish assemblages were persistent at all sample sites, but individual species exhibited marked interannual variability in density, biomass, and relative abundance. The density and biomass of native fishes generally declined over the period of study, whereas most alien species showed no significant long‐term trends. Only alien rainbow trout increased in both density and biomass at all sites over time. Redundancy analysis identified three hydrologic variables (annual 7‐day minimum discharge, maximum winter discharge, and number of distinct winter floods) and two habitat variables (percentage of pool habitat and percentage of gravel substrate) that each explained a significant portion of the annual variation in fish assemblage structure. For alien taxa, their proportional contribution to the total fish assemblage was inversely related to mean annual streamflow, one‐day maximum discharge in both winter and spring, and the frequency of springtime floods. Results of this study highlight the need for continuous annual monitoring of streams with highly variable flow regimes to evaluate shifts in fish community structure. Apparent successes or failures in stream management may appear differently depending on the time series of available data.
Dositejevo rusofilstvo
Authors: Stojanovic Miodrag
Published: February 2012

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„Srpsko pitanje “ u nemackoj stampi 1843
Authors: Elermajer-Zivotic Olga
Published: February 2012

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Pisma kneginje Petrije svome ocu knjazu Milosu Obrenovicu
Authors: Brzulovic-Stanisavljevic Tatjana
Published: February 2012

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