bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EL PRINCIPIO CONSTITUCIONAL DE PROTECCIÓN ESPECIAL A LA MADRE TRABAJADORA EN EL ORDENAMIENTO PERUANO
Authors: LOYOLA RIOS NESTOR DANIEL
Published: July 2021

El autor analiza la participación y distribución de los trabajadores y trabajadoras en el mundo laboral para demostrar el grado de vulnerabilidad que padecen las mujeres. Además, señala que esta situación se agudiza cuando son contratadas bajo régimen del Contrato Administrativo de Servicios (en adelante CAS), el cual constituye una modalidad de contratación que precariza el empleo y que muchas veces sirve para encubrir prácticas discriminatorias en perjuicio de las servidoras que deciden ejercer su maternidad. Por ello, sostiene que todas las entidades de la administración pública deben brindar una protección especial a las trabajadoras gestantes, conforme lo reconoce nuestro texto constitucional, a fin de garantizarles la continuidad en el empleo y las correspondientes prestaciones económicas y médicas para el resguardo de su derecho a la salud e integridad. así como el derecho a la vida del hijo por nacer.

ABSTRACT

The author analyzes the participation and distribution of workers in the workplace to demonstrate the degree of vulnerability suffered by women. In addition, he notes that this situation is exacerbated when they are hired under the regime of the Administrative Contract of Services (CAS), which is a form of hiring that precarizes employment and often serves to cover up discriminatory practices to the detriment of the female employees who decide to exercise their maternity. Therefore, he maintains that all entities of the public administration must provide special protection to pregnant workers, as recognized by our constitutional text, in order to ensure continuity in employment and the corresponding economic and medical benefits for the safeguarding of their right to health and integrity, as well as the right to life of the unborn child.
LA RESPONSABILIDAD CIVIL POR MEDIDAS CAUTELARES: REFLEXIONES SOBRE EL ARTÍCULO 621 DEL CÓDIGO PROCESAL CIVIL PERUANO Y SU MODIFICATORIA EN EL PROYECTO DE REFORMA
Authors: CCORIHUAMAN GONZALES BRAYAN
Published: July 2021

La responsabilidad civil derivada de las medidas cautelares, tal como están reguladas en el Código Procesal Civil vigente, presenta un gran desafío para los estudiosos del tema, pues se cuestiona la posibilidad que la parte tenga derecho al resarcimiento por los daños irrogados en la medida cautelar acudiendo a un principio consagrado en el código civil que expone, quien obra en ejercicio regular de un derecho no puede ser objeto de responsabilidad civil. Otro problema es el criterio de imputación, si debe ser de carácter objetivo o subjetivo. En el presente trabajo se expone que el principio por el que se excluye la responsabilidad civil a quien obra en ejercicio regular de un derecho ha sido superado; y el criterio de imputación acorde a la naturaleza de la medida cautelar es, el objetivo. Finalmente, de manera crítica y reflexiva se analiza las novedades, sobre el tema, que trae el proyecto de reforma del Código Procesal Civil.

ABSTRACT

The civil liability derived from the precautionary measures, as they are regulated in the current Civil Procedure Code, presents a great challenge for the scholars of the subject, since the possibility that the party is entitled to compensation for the damages caused by the precautionary measure is questioned. A principle enshrined in the civil code that states, who works in the regular exercise of a right cannot be subject to civil liability. Another problem is the criterion of imputation, if it must be objective or subjective. In the present work it is exposed that the principle by which civil liability is excluded to those who work in the regular exercise right has been overcome; and the criterion of imputation according to the nature of a precautionary measure is, the objective. Finally, in a critical and reflexive way, we analyze the novelties, on the subject, that the reform project of the Civil Procedure Code.
ASESOR Y NO DEFENSOR: LA FUNCIÓN DEL ABOGADO QUE ASESORA EN PLANEAMIENTO TRIBUTARIO
Authors: LUJÁN ESPINOZA CARLOS ALEXIS
Published: July 2021

El autor sostiene que, en general, los abogados asumen una función social y, por ello, tienen deberes frente a la sociedad y no solo frente a sus clientes. Además, el autor caracteriza los distintos tipos de funciones que asumen los abogados tributaristas e identifica la función de asesor como la principal en el marco del planeamiento tributario. Bajo ese entendido, el autor explica en qué se diferencia la función de asesor de la de defensor y por qué dicha distinción es relevante para efectos del cumplimiento de las normas de responsabilidad profesional del abogado.

ABSTRACT

The author argues that, in general, lawyers have a social function and, as a consequence, have duties to society and not only to their clients. In addition, the author characterizes the different types of roles assumed by tax lawyers and identifies the role of advisor as the principal in the context of tax planning. Under such understanding, the author explains that the counselor role differs from lawyer role and why such difference is relevant regarding the compliance of lawyer's professional liability standards.
LA COMEDIA DE LA EXISTENCIA DEL JOKER
Authors: CHÁVEZ HUANCA EDDY
Published: July 2021

Batman no entiende al Joker, para ello, Batman necesita la ayuda de otros para tener un mejor panorama de todo aquello que motiva a este príncipe del mal.

ABSTRACT

Batman does not understand the Joker, for that, Batman needs the help of others to have a better picture of everything that motivates this prince of evil.
Contribution of traffic-originated nanoparticle emissions to regional and local aerosol levels
Authors: Olin Miska , Patoulias David , Kuuluvainen Heino , Niemi Jarkko V. , Rönkkö Topi , Pandis Spyros N. , Riipinen Ilona , Dal Maso Miikka
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Sub-50 nm particles originating from traffic emissions pose risks to human health due to their high lung deposition efficiency and potentially harmful chemical composition. We present a modelling study using an updated EUCAARI number emission inventory, incorporating a more realistic, empirically justified particle size distribution (PSD) for sub-50 nm particles from road traffic. We present experimental PSDs and CO2 concentrations, measured in a highly trafficked street canyon in Helsinki, Finland, as an emission factor particle size distribution (EFPSD), which was then used in updating the EUCAARI inventory. We applied the updated inventory in a simulation using the regional chemical transport model PMCAMx-UF over Europe for May 2008 to test the effect of updated emissions in regional and local scales and in contrast to atmospheric new particle formation (NPF). Updating the inventory increased simulated average total particle number concentrations by only 1 %, although the total particle number emissions were increased to a 3-fold level. The concentrations increased up to 11 % when only 1.3–3 nm-sized particles (nanocluster aerosol, NCA) were considered. These values indicate that the effect of updating overall is insignificant in a regional scale during this photochemically active period, during which the fraction of the total particle number originating through atmospheric NPF processes was 91 %. These simulations give a lower limit for the contribution of traffic to the aerosol levels. Nevertheless, the situation is different when examining the effect of the update spatially or temporally, or when focusing to the chemical composition or the origin of the particles. For example, daily average NCA concentrations increased by a factor of several hundreds or thousands in some locations on certain days. Overall, the most significant effects–reaching several orders of magnitude–from updating the inventory are observed when examining specific particle sizes (especially 7–20 nm), particle components, and specific urban areas. While the model still has a tendency to predict more sub-50 nm particles compared to the observations, the most notable underestimations in the concentrations of sub-10 nm particles are, after updating, overcome and the simulated distributions now agree better with the data observed at locations having high traffic densities. The findings of this study highlight the need to consider emissions, PSDs, and composition of sub-50 nm particles from road traffic in studies focusing on urban air quality. Updating this emission source brings the simulated aerosol levels particularly in urban locations closer to observations, which highlights its importance for calculations of human exposure to nanoparticles.
On the drivers of droplet variability in alpine mixed-phase clouds
Authors: Georgakaki Paraskevi , Bougiatioti Aikaterini , Wieder Jörg , Mignani Claudia , Ramelli Fabiola , Kanji Zamin A. , Henneberger Jan , Hervo Maxime , Berne Alexis , Lohmann Ulrike , Nenes Athanasios
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Droplet formation provides a direct microphysical link between aerosols and
clouds (liquid or mixed-phase), and its adequate description poses a major
challenge for any atmospheric model. Observations are critical for
evaluating and constraining the process. To this end, aerosol size
distributions, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), hygroscopicity, and lidar-derived
vertical velocities were observed in alpine mixed-phase clouds during the
Role of Aerosols and Clouds Enhanced by Topography on Snow (RACLETS) field
campaign in the Davos, Switzerland, region during February and March 2019.
Data from the mountain-top site of Weissfluhjoch (WFJ) and the valley site
of Davos Wolfgang are studied. These observations are coupled with a
state-of-the-art droplet activation parameterization to investigate the
aerosol–cloud droplet link in mixed-phase clouds. The mean CCN-derived
hygroscopicity parameter, κ, at WFJ ranges between 0.2–0.3,
consistent with expectations for continental aerosols. κ tends to
decrease with size, possibly from an enrichment in organic material
associated with the vertical transport of fresh ultrafine particle emissions
(likely from biomass burning) from the valley floor in Davos. The
parameterization provides a droplet number that agrees with observations to
within ∼ 25 %. We also find that the susceptibility of
droplet formation to aerosol concentration and vertical velocity variations
can be appropriately described as a function of the standard deviation of
the distribution of updraft velocities, σw, as the droplet
number never exceeds a characteristic limit, termed the “limiting droplet
number”, of ∼ 150–550 cm−3, which depends solely on
σw. We also show that high aerosol levels in the valley, most likely from anthropogenic activities, increase the cloud droplet number, reduce cloud supersaturation (< 0.1 %), and shift the clouds to a state that is less susceptible to changes in aerosol concentrations and very sensitive to vertical velocity variations. The transition from an aerosol to velocity-limited regime
depends on the ratio of cloud droplet number to the limiting droplet number,
as droplet formation becomes velocity limited when this ratio exceeds 0.65.
Under such conditions, droplet size tends to be minimal, reducing the
likelihood that large drops are present that would otherwise promote
glaciation through rime splintering and droplet shattering. Identifying
regimes where droplet number variability is dominated by dynamical – rather
than aerosol – changes is key for interpreting and constraining when and
which types of aerosol effects on clouds are active.
Retracing hypoxia in Eckernförde Bight (Baltic Sea)
Authors: Dietze Heiner , Löptien Ulrike
Published: July 2021

Abstract. An increasing number of dead zoning (hypoxia) has been reported as a
consequence of declining levels of dissolved oxygen in coastal oceans all over
the globe. Despite substantial efforts a quantitative description of hypoxia
up to a level enabling reliable predictions has not been achieved yet for most
regions of societal interest. This does also apply to Eckernförde Bight (EB)
situated in the Baltic Sea, Germany. The aim of this study is to dissect
underlying mechanisms of hypoxia in EB, to identify key sources of
uncertainties, and to explore the potential of existing monitoring programs to
predict hypoxia by developing and documenting a workflow that may be
applicable to other regions facing similar challenges. Our main tool is an
ultra-high spatially resolved general ocean circulation model based on a code
framework of proven versatility in that it has been applied to various
regional and even global simulations in the past. Our model configuration
features a spacial horizontal resolution of 100 m (unprecedented in
the underlying framework which is used in both global and regional
applications) and includes an elementary representation of the biogeochemical
dynamics of dissolved oxygen. In addition, we integrate artificial “clocks”
that measure the residence time of the water in EB along with timescales of
(surface) ventilation. Our approach relies on an ensemble of hindcast model
simulations, covering the period from 2000 to 2018, designed to cover a range
of poorly known model parameters for vertical background mixing (diffusivity)
and local oxygen consumption within EB. Feed-forward artificial neural
networks are used to identify predictors of hypoxia deep in EB based on data
at a monitoring site at the entrance of EB. Our results consistently show that the dynamics of low (hypoxic) oxygen
concentrations in bottom waters deep inside EB is, to first order, determined
by the following antagonistic processes: (1) the inflow of low-oxygenated
water from the Kiel Bight (KB) – especially from July to October – and (2) the
local ventilation of bottom waters by local (within EB) subduction and
vertical mixing. Biogeochemical processes that consume oxygen locally are
apparently of minor importance for the development of hypoxic events. Reverse
reasoning suggests that subduction and mixing processes in EB contribute,
under certain environmental conditions, to the ventilation of the KB by
exporting recently ventilated waters enriched in oxygen. A detailed analysis
of the 2017 fish-kill incident highlights the interplay between westerly winds
importing hypoxia from KB and ventilating easterly winds which subduct
oxygenated water.
On the role of cultures of (out-)migration in the migration decisions of young people in shrinking regions of Central Germany
Authors: Meyer Frank , Leibert Tim
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The patterns, motivations, and consequences of the outmigration of young adults from rural areas is a classic topic in population geography. In our paper, we first take a critical look at statistical analyses and cartographic representations of migration patterns of young adults in rural areas using Central Germany1 as an example, stressing the shortcomings of quantitative analyses of residential mobility. We argue that migration is a complex social process, taking place as the result of the interplay of demographic, socio-structural, political, economic, and production-related factors involving the mobile individuals, as well as other actors, discourses, and practices. Following this, we discuss the emergence of cultures of (out-)migration in rural areas characterised by heightened mobility over longer periods of time and possible approaches to analyse such regional phenomena. We hence aim at a deepening of the concept of “culture of migration” and an expansion of the debate on motives and practices of migration to include psychological approaches, as well as a complex systems perspective.
Ceramic composite with gentamicin decreases persistent infection and increases bone formation in a rat model of debrided osteomyelitis
Authors: Dvorzhinskiy Aleksey , Perino Giorgio , Chojnowski Robert , van der Meulen Marjolein C. H. , Bostrom Mathias P. G. , Yang Xu
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Introduction: Current methods of managing osteomyelitic voids
after debridement are inadequate and result in significant morbidity to
patients. Synthetic ceramic void fillers are appropriate for non-infected
bone defects but serve as a nidus of re-infection in osteomyelitis after
debridement. CERAMENT G (CG) is an injectable ceramic bone void filler which contains gentamicin and is currently being evaluated for use in
osteomyelitic environments after debridement due to its theoretical ability
to serve as a scaffold for healing while eliminating residual bacteria after
debridement through the elution of antibiotics. The goal of this study was
to evaluate (1) the rate of persistent infection and (2) new bone growth of
a debrided osteomyelitic defect in a rat model which has been treated with
either gentamicin-impregnated ceramic cement (CERAMENT G) or the
same void filler without antibiotics (CERAMENT, CBVF). Methods: Osteomyelitis was generated in the proximal tibia of
Sprague Dawley rats, subsequently debrided, and the defect filled with
either (1) CG (n=20), (2) CBVF (n=20), or (3) nothing (n=20). Each group
was euthanized after 6 weeks. Infection was detected through bacterial
culture and histology. Bone growth was quantified using microCT.
Results: Infection was not detected in defects treated with CG
as compared with 35 % of defects (7/20) treated with CBVF and 50 %
(10/20) of empty defects (p=0.001). Bone volume in the defect of
CG-treated rats was greater than the CBVF (0.21 vs. 0.17, p=0.021) and
empty groups (0.21 vs. 0.11, p<0.001) at 6 weeks after
implantation.
Conclusions: Ceramic void filler with gentamicin
(CERAMENT G) decreased the rate of persistent infection and
increased new bone growth as compared to the same void filler without
antibiotics (CERAMENT) and an empty defect in a rat model of debrided osteomyelitis.
Graduate student confidence following a for-credit systematic review course pilot
Authors: McGowan Bethany Sheriese , Reed Jason B , Kinkus Yatcilla Jane
Published: July 2021

Background: In 2015, librarians at Purdue University began fielding requests from many disciplines to consult or collaborate on systematic review projects, and in 2016, health sciences librarians led the launch of a formal systematic review service. In 2019, Purdue University Libraries was reorganized as the Libraries and School of Information Studies (PULSIS) and assigned its own course designation, ILS. The increase in calls for systematic review services and the ability to teach ILS courses inspired the development of a credit-bearing ILS systematic review course.Case presentation: We designed, taught, and assessed a one-credit systematic review course for graduate students, using a backward-design course development model and applying self-determination theoretical concepts into lessons, assignments, and assessments. Using qualitative pre- and post-assessments, we discovered a variety of themes around student motivations, expectations, and preferences for the course. In quantitative post-class assessments, students reported improved confidence in all systematic review processes, with the highest confidence in their ability to choose and use citation management managers, describe the steps in the systematic review process, and understand the importance of a reproducible and systematic search strategy.Conclusions: We considered our pilot a success. Next steps include testing 2- and 3-credit- hour models and working to formally integrate the course into departmental and certificate curriculums. This case report provides a model for course design principles, learning outcomes, and assessments that librarians and library administrators can use to adjust their systematic review services.
Exploring data management content in doctoral nursing handbooks
Authors: Raszewski Rebecca , Goben Abigail H. , Dewey Bergren Martha , Jones Krista , Ryan Catherine , Steffen Alana , Vonderheid Susan C.
Published: July 2021

Objective: While data management (DM) is an increasing responsibility of doctorally prepared nurses, little is understood about how DM education and expectations are reflected within student handbooks. The purpose of this study was to assess the inclusion of DM content within doctoral nursing student handbooks.Methods: A list of 346 doctoral programs was obtained from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). Program websites were searched to locate program handbooks, which were downloaded for analysis. A textual review of 261 handbooks from 215 institutions was conducted to determine whether DM was mentioned and, if so, where the DM content was located. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the presence of DM guidance by type of institution, Carnegie Classification, and the type of doctoral program handbook.Results: A total of 1,382 codes were identified across data life cycle stages, most commonly in the handbooks’ project requirements section. The most frequent mention of DM was in relation to collecting and analyzing data; the least frequent related to publishing and sharing data and preservation. Significant differences in the frequency and location of codes were identified by program type and Carnegie Classification.Conclusions: Nursing doctoral program handbooks primarily address collecting and analyzing data during student projects. Findings suggest limited education about, and inclusion of, DM life cycle content, especially within DNP programs. Collaboration between nursing faculty and librarians and nursing and library professional organizations is needed to advance the adoption of DM best practices for preparing students in their future roles as clinicians and scholars.
Overlaps of multiple database retrieval and citation tracking in dementia care research: a methodological study
Authors: Hirt Julian , Bergmann Johannes , Karrer Melanie
Published: July 2021

Objective: We aimed to determine overlaps and optimal combination of multiple database retrieval and citation tracking for evidence synthesis, based on a previously conducted scoping review on facilitators and barriers to implementing nurse-led interventions in dementia care.Methods: In our 2019 scoping review, we performed a comprehensive literature search in eight databases (CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, Emcare, MEDLINE, Ovid Nursing Database, PsycINFO, and Web of Science Core Collection) and used citation tracking. We retrospectively analyzed the coverage and overlap of 10,527 retrieved studies published between 2015 and 2019. To analyze database overlap, we used cross tables and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA).Results: Of the retrieved studies, 6,944 were duplicates and 3,583 were unique references. Using our search strategies, considerable overlaps can be found in some databases, such as between MEDLINE and Web of Science Core Collection or between CINAHL, Emcare, and PsycINFO. Searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science Core Collection and using citation tracking were necessary to retrieve all included studies of our scoping review.Conclusions: Our results can contribute to enhancing future search practice related to database selection in dementia care research. However, due to limited generalizability, researchers and librarians should carefully choose databases based on the research question. More research on optimal database retrieval in dementia care research is required for the development of methodological standards.
Medical librarians’ knowledge and practices in locating clinical trials for systematic reviews
Authors: Westrick Jennifer C. , Buchholz Susan W.
Published: July 2021

Objective: In regard to locating clinical trials for a systematic review, limited information is available about how librarians locate clinical trials in biomedical databases, including (1) how much information researchers provide librarians to assist with the development of a comprehensive search strategy, (2) which tools librarians turn to for information about study design methodology, and (3) librarians’ confidence levels in their knowledge of study design methodology. A survey was developed to explore these aspects of how a medical librarian locates clinical trials when facilitating systematic reviews for researchers.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a 21-question survey was sent to medical librarians via several email listservs during April 2020. Respondents were limited to librarians who make the decisions on search terms for systematic reviews.Results: Responses (n=120) indicated that librarians were often asked to search for various types of clinical trials. However, there was not a consistent method for creating search strategies that locate diverse types of clinical trials. Multiple methods were used for search strategy development, with hedges being the most popular method. In general, these librarians considered themselves to be confident in locating trials. Different resources were used to inform study types, including textbooks, articles, library guides and websites.Discussion: Medical librarians indicated that while they felt confident in their searching skills, they did not have a definitive source of information about the various types of clinical trials, and their responses demonstrated a clear need and desire for more information on study design methodology.
New to health sciences librarianship: strategies, tips, and tricks
Authors: Bartley Kelsa , Simuel Jahala , Williams Jamia
Published: July 2021

Three new librarians highlight their varied pathways into health sciences librarianship and offer insight into how they are navigating the challenges and successes of being new to the profession. The authors define a new health sciences librarian as a person who has fewer than five years of experience in health sciences librarianship specifically, having either recently graduated from library school or entered the health sciences from another type of librarianship. Jamia Williams speaks about her journey from new MLS graduate to health science librarian; Kelsa Bartley details her transition from library professional to health science librarian; and Jahala Simuel shares her experiences moving from academic librarian to health science librarian. This commentary provides strategies, tips, and tricks that new health sciences librarians may use to hone their craft and explore opportunities for professional development.
Impact of embedded librarianship on undergraduate nursing students’ information skills
Authors: Franzen Susan R. , Sharkey Jennifer
Published: July 2021

Background: One-shot library sessions have numerous drawbacks; most notably, they rarely have a long-term impact on students' research behavior or skill sets. Library literature notes that when students interact with an embedded librarian, their skills improve. While close partnerships with subject faculty are important, librarians must also assess students’ skill sets to determine the impact of these teaching efforts.Case presentation: During the course, the embedded librarian used various activities and assignments to teach information-seeking skills, with the expected outcome of increased skill sets. This IRB-approved research project focused on measuring and assessing students’ information-seeking abilities before and after interacting with the embedded nursing librarian. Changes in students' information fluency skills were measured using pre- and post-tests.Conclusions:The study results provide evidence of the benefits of the embedded librarianship model. Continued measurement of students’ skills acquisition is important to enable librarians and library administrators to show the positive impacts the library has on student learning and success.
La masculinidad cuestionada: por qué los hombres no pueden defender “un violador en tu camino”
Authors: Merlyn Sacoto Marie-France
Published: July 2021

Introducción. El presente estudio analiza un intercambio de respuestas en la red a raíz de la publicación del diario Metro Ecuador de la noticia sobre la interrupción de una performance de “Un violador en tu camino” en Santiago de Compostela (11 de diciembre de 2019). Objetivo. El estudio se centra en las interacciones que se establecen con un usuario después de que éste realiza un comentario en defensa de la manifestación feminista. Metodología. Se analizan 124 intervenciones usando la metodología del análisis temático en seis fases. Con esta metodología se generaron cuatro categorías de análisis de las intervenciones: negativas dirigidas al emisor, negativas dirigidas a las mujeres y al feminismo, de apoyo al mensaje inicial, de rechazo a los comentarios machistas. Resultados. Los resultados evidencian que la mayor parte de intervenciones, realizadas por hombres, rechazan la “alianza” de este varón con las mujeres; el rechazo es a través de la agresión, directa o indirecta, cuestionando su pertenencia al género, su sexualidad, las motivaciones del comentario, o agrediéndole y desacreditándole entre otras estrategias. Las intervenciones dan lugar también a ataques al feminismo como movimiento político y a las mujeres feministas; se agredirá además a las mujeres en general, burlándose de los roles tradicionales atribuidos al género y justificando conductas machistas. Solo existen un mínimo de argumentos de defensa, que giran principalmente alrededor de la empatía que genera la posibilidad de que esto suceda a “tu madre, hija, hermana” o argumentos de defensa sexistas (protección por ser el “género débil”). Conclusiones y discusión. Se reflexiona sobre la imposibilidad de que en una cultura patriarcal los hombres abandonen la postura de antagonismo hacia las mujeres y se solidaricen con las luchas feministas, puesto que, al hacerlo, reciben un “llamado al orden” por parte de los miembros de su género.
Change in research and in higher education institutions
Authors: Diogo Sara Margarida , Jordão Carina , Carvalho Teresa , Himi Hana , Ashkenazi Maya , Mešková Veronika , Thaler Anita , Dahmen-Adkins Jennifer
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Funded under the Horizon 2020 programme, the CHANGE project –Challenging Gender (In)Equality in Science and Research– aims to create and implement tailor-made gender equality plans (GEPs) in research performing organisations (RPOs). To make GEPs more sustainable, efforts are being made to stimulate institutional cultural change towards gender equal work environments and foster the gender dimension and inclusive research and innovation programmes in research funding organisations (RFOs) as well. The promotion of a gender equality culture is thus a key requirement for RPOs to maximise their potential. The CHANGE consortium is composed of seven institutions from six countries –Austria, Germany, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia, and Israel– of which five are GEP implementing partners and two are experienced partners (one coordinator and one internal evaluator). Objectives and Methodology. This paper approaches the methodology of the project and the structural and cultural challenges faced by the implementing partners so far, looking more specifically to the similarities and differences in the different national and institutional contexts. Results and Discussion. In all the five implementing partners organisations, successful steps have been taken in the implementation of GEPs. Regardless of these first successes, even with increasing women’s representation in management and decision-making positions in some specific cases, implementing partners and coordinators fear that this change may be merely circumstantial or only due and during the project duration. Contribution. The challenges and barriers faced so far to stimulate institutional and cultural change towards gender equal work environments in RPOs are diverse. While there are important social, cultural, and institutional differences among the partner institutions, there is a great similarity in the difficulties faced in implementing GEPs. Resistances and challenges that emerge during processes of change when gender equality policies are implemented in RPOs are more transversal to different national and organisational contexts than one could expect.
Perspectiva de género y Trabajo Social: actuaciones de grado y postgrado en las universidades del G-9
Authors: Raya-Diez Esther , Montenegro Leza Sofía
Published: July 2021

Introducción. Desde su origen, el Trabajo Social se ha vinculado a la lucha feminista, siendo una profesión feminizada y que trabaja mayoritariamente con mujeres. La formación desde una perspectiva de género es condición sine qua non para garantizar la incorporación de la misma en las prácticas de intervención social a partir de Ley Orgánica 3/2007, de 22 de marzo, para la igualdad efectiva de mujeres y hombres que establece la inclusión, en los planes de estudio que proceda, de enseñanzas en materia de igualdad entre mujeres y hombres. Objetivos. En tal sentido, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la inclusión de esta materia en los estudios de Trabajo Social de las universidades públicas integradas en el G9. Metodología. Para ello, se analiza la información facilitada por los campus universitarios acerca de oferta educativa a nivel de Grado y de postgrado. Asimismo, se ha realizado una revisión de las Unidades de Igualdad de las citadas universidades, prestando especial atención a las actividades desarrolladas vinculadas a la intervención social. Resultados. Se constata que la formación en perspectiva de género en Trabajo Social es escasa, tanto a nivel de grado como de postgrado. Por su parte, desde las Unidades de Igualdad se desempeñan funciones vinculadas a las competencias específicas de Trabajo Social como es la elaboración de diagnósticos y planes, y acciones de difusión, sensibilización y fortalecimiento de la igualdad entre hombres y mujeres en los campus universitarios. Conclusión y discusión. La investigación apunta hacia la necesidad de fortalecer la formación en género que permita asentar las bases de un Trabajo Social feminista ya que aparece de manera residual, con un carácter voluntarista y bajo nivel de especialización, lo cual impide la formación integral de las y los trabajadores sociales.
Postfeminismo neoliberal: una propuesta de (re)conceptualización desde los estudios culturales feministas
Authors: Martínez-Jiménez Laura
Published: July 2021

Introducción. Para conservar su hegemonía económico-cultural, el proyecto neoliberal despliega mecanismos de (auto)legitimación y neutralización de la amenaza planteada por proyectos antagónicos como el feminista, intensamente popularizado durante los últimos años. En este escenario, la retórica del “postfeminismo” cobra particular interés, entendido habitualmente como una ambigua sensibilidad promujeres y antifeminista que resuena con el ethos neoliberal del hiperindividualismo, la libre elección y la autogestión de una misma. Objetivos. Pese a que el discurso postfeminista ha sido brillantemente diseccionado por autoras como Rosalind Gill, Angela McRobbie, Diane Negra y Stéphanie Genz, proponemos una relectura del postfeminismo integrado en los juegos de la hegemonía neoliberal para conservar o renovar el consentimiento de «las mujeres» (concretamente, de aquellas en situación de privilegio relativo), así como para procurar la desactivación de la contrahegemonía feminista y, a la par, la rentabilización cultural, política y económica de los propios feminismos. Metodología. Para ello, este trabajo refina la comprensión crítica del postfeminismo a partir de su (re)conceptualización como postfeminismo neoliberal y desde el marco teórico-interpretativo transdisciplinar de los estudios culturales, donde vienen a encontrarse los estudios feministas y de género, la economía política, la filosofía política y la sociología. Resultados y Conclusiones. El postfeminismo neoliberal constituye un dispositivo económico-cultural de legitimación, articulado como una nueva narrativa sugerente y sexi mediante la cual el proyecto neoliberal pretendería atraer a «las mujeres», especialmente a las más jóvenes y en condiciones relativas de privilegio, a posiciones identitarias y roles socioeconómicos que integran parcial y perversamente las demandas de igualdad e independencia, al tiempo que engrasan o, cuanto menos, no disturban la continuidad del capitalismo neoliberal.
أثر تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) على جودة المعلومات المحاسبية (دراسة ميدانية على عينة من الشركات المدرجة بالسوق المالية السعودية)
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد، قسم العلوم الإدارية والإنسانية، كلية المجتمع ببريدة، جامعة القصيم، المملكة العربية السعودية, محمد السماني
Published: July 2021

تناول الباحث دور تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي رقم (1) على جودة المعلومات المحاسبية، وقد هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة أثر تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) على جودة المعلومات المحاسبية، والوقوف على مفهوم وخصائص جودة المعلومات المحاسبية، والتعرف على المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1). وتمثلت مشكلة الدراسة في الأسئلة التالية: هل توجد علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) وموثوقية المعلومات المحاسبية، وهل توجد علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) وملاءمة المعلومات المحاسبية. لتحقيق أهداف هذه الدراسة وإيجاد حلول موضوعية لمشكلتها افترض الباحث وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) وموثوقية المعلومات المحاسبية، ووجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) وملاءمة المعلومات المحاسبية، وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم استخدام العديد من الأساليب الإحصائية المناسبة باستخدام الحزم الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS)، وبعد اختبار فرضيات الدراسة تبين وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) وموثوقية المعلومات المحاسبية، ووجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تطبيق المعيار المحاسبي الدولي رقم (1) وملاءمة المعلومات المحاسبية، وأوصى الباحث بنشر المعرفة الخاصة بمعايير المحاسبية الدولية والتعديلات التي تطرأ عليها عبر إقامة الدورات التدريبية بشكل منتظم، بالإضافة إلى متابعة التعديلات التي تطرأ على معايير المحاسبة الدولية، وتدريب العاملين في القطاع المالي على كيفية تطبيقها.
New Era in Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Fauzia Darabu, Prof. Dr. Sayeda Daud
Published: July 2021

Pakistan has a long history of economic and political instability despite being an ally of the west. All national and external decisions were dependent on the interests of these powers. Pakistan never had the opportunity to establish either a strong democratic government or to pursue any independent, foreign relations since 1947specially during Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, in December, 1979. Despite of sacrificing lives of many of her citizens during the War on Terror after 9/11, instead of appreciation form the West especially the US, Pakistan was labeled as a terrorist and an extremist Muslim Country. Kept isolated from the International Community, Pakistan was left no choice but to look for a more regional ally with common interests. Joining hands with China, the most trusted friend and an economic giant, seemed the only option. In this way, Pakistan hoped to play a better international role by having relations with all players in the region. To find out the root causes of these problems, a Qualitative Research Method was applied for a descriptive, in-depth critical analysis by, reliable and authentic primary and secondary sources. This research has made an attempt to clarify the risks and the stance of US as a stake holder; China-Pakistan relations, especially in the context of CPEC. The research has tried to highlight the importance of a state’s self-reliance and freedom to have an independent foreign policy of a developing country like Pakistan.
Pakistan-China Nuclear Energy Cooperation Emerging: Trends to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Dr. Allauddin, Azeem Khalid & Malik Muhammad Ali
Published: July 2021

This paper analyses the bilateral cooperation between China and Pakistan specifically in the arena of nuclear cooperation. While describing the chronological civil nuclear collaboration between the two friendly nations it states that both countries cultivated a natural partnership with each other to further strengthen the bilateral ties. Historical cooperation between China and Pakistan in terms of Nuclear Technology was analyzed in the face of the opposition of international regimes critical to nuclear proliferation. To apply neo-realist paradigm, it is concluded that strategic cooperation in terms of nuclear technology is in the interest of both China and Pakistan for two reasons: Fist to balance their belligerent neighboring country India; second, countering the United States involvement in the region. To fulfill Pakistan’s growing energy requirements, Pakistan, must continue its nuclear cooperation and extend it to the scientific research. This cooperation made Pakistan self-sufficient to meet the energy needs and opened new avenues of opportunities. This paper recommends that the strategic partnership between the two nations is inevitable for maintaining balance of power in the region. This research paper will highlight Sino-Pakistan nuclear cooperation in historical as well as in the context of emerging trends of strategic developments, such as the Indo-US nuclear agreement. The Sino-Pakistani nuclear deals aims to meet Pakistan’s growing energy demand. In strategic context, the Sino-Pakistan cooperation aims to maintain balance of power in the region. Data collection will include both primary and secondary sources.
Diagnostic possibilities and limitations of urgent intraoperative pathologicanatomical studies in oncogynecology
Authors: Saevets V. V. , Shamanova A. Y. , Semenov Y. A. , Chizhovskaja A. V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. One of the variants of intravital pathological and anatomical diagnostics is intraoperative pathological and anatomical ("urgent") examination, which serves for tumor process verification. Urgent intraoperative pathological and anatomical examination is widely used when there are certain differential diagnostic difficulties and limitations of instrumental methods of examination.

The purpose of the study — to analyze the possibilities, limitations and the accuracy of "urgent" pathologic and anatomical diagnostics in oncogynecological diseases.

Materials and methods. We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 378 inpatients treated in the gynecologic oncology department of CHOKZO and NM for the period from January 2016 to January 2021.

Results and discussion. Urgent histological examination was used to diagnose ovarian tumors (82%, n=310); to evaluate the extent of a tumor process in uterine body cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer (peritoneal carcinomatosis, ingrowth into adjacent tissues and organs) (15%, n=57); less often to evaluate resection margin ablation in cervical cancer, uterine body cancer (3%, n=11). In a comparison of conclusions after urgent morphological examination and conduction of material, discrepancies were registered only in hypodiagnostic ovarian tumors (in 5.8% of all "urgent" ovarian tumor studies, n=18), when the question about the malignancy potential of a process cannot be reliably decided. The reliability of intraoperative morphological verification of the process is 94.2%. The sensitivity is 96%, specificity is 97%, which is consistent with the results of other studies.

Conclusions. Intraoperative morphological diagnosis is a highly specific and highly sensitive method of investigation. There are limitations of this diagnostic method depending on the volume of tissue material, quality of cryostat sections, as well as tumor features (e.g., ovarian masses) consisting of heterologous morphological areas. A compliant, multidisciplinary approach is required to successfully meet the challenges of intraoperative examination.
Indicators of the psychoemotional state of palliative polymorbid cancer patients
Authors: Kharlamova U. V. , Kurchenkova О. V. , Abdalov A. О. , Shubina К. A. , Samodurov S. I.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Palliative care is aimed at maintaining and improving the quality of life of the patient. Without taking into account the psychosocial aspects, psychological rehabilitation is impossible in the conditions of a psychotraumatic situation of the disease.

The aim of the study was to assess the psychoemotional state of polymorbid palliative cancer patients.

Materials and methods. An observational, analytical, single-stage (cross-sectional) study was conducted, which included 74 cancer patients of a palliative profile. The patients underwent laboratory and instrumental examination. The following tests were evaluated: resilience (S. Maddy's method, D. A. Leontiev's adaptation), life-sense orientations, the level of subjective control, C. D. Spielberger, the severity of chronic pain syndrome; the value of the Charlson comorbidity index, the Karnovsky index (ECOG) was calculated.

Results. The level of the comorbidity index was 3 [2; 5] points, the intensity of chronic pain syndrome-2 [2; 3] points, ECOG-2 [2; 3] points. In polymorbid cancer palliative patients, the presence of a belief in the impact of the struggle on the outcome of what is happening was revealed, however, patients are not always ready to act in a difficult situation. In the examined group, signs of dissatisfaction with their life in the present prevailed, the lack of sufficient freedom of choice, the existence of hope for recovery as a result of the actions of others, primarily doctors. The average (and in some cases high) level of situational and personal anxiety was noted. The association of the comorbidity index and the indicators of the life-meaning orientations test; the indicator of the general internality scale and the ECOG value; the glomerular filtration rate and the indicator of resilience, risk acceptance was revealed. A number of correlations between the indicators of the psychoemotional state and laboratory parameters (the level of hemoglobin, albumin, iron, C-reactive protein) were noted.

Conclusion. In cancer patients with a palliative profile, signs of mental maladaptation were revealed. The average (and in some cases high) level of situational and personal anxiety was noted. The revealed number of correlations focuses on the role of chronic non-communicable diseases in aggravating the psychoemotional status of chronic polymorbid cancer palliative patients.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma in "young" patients
Authors: Fatkullin D. М. , Guz А. О. , Garev А. V. , Zaharov А. S. , Sokolova М. I.
Published: July 2021

Aim of the study — to provide for medical oncologists and surgeon, who specialize in treatment of head and neck oncology patients, the most recent information about incidence and feature of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in young patients.

Material and мethods. Pubmed, ScienceDirect are used for literature search. Data of world literature published since 1983 till 2021 and contain information about incidence, epidemiology, clinic, treatment and prognosis in OSCC in young patients. The data of retrospective and prospective clinical trials were studied.

Results. Determined the relevance of this problem and described incidence and epidemiology. Based on the analysis of the most recent publications, the authors provided data on clinical picture and modern approaches to the treatment and prognosis of OSCC in young patients by comparison with old patients.

Conclusion. Over the past 30 years, the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in young patients has been increasing worldwide while the incidence of classical oral cancer has been decreasing and no clear etiology has been identified. In this review we analyzed and synthesized the literature regarding early onset OSCC. Since 1983, the first assumptions about the uniqueness of the etiology and clinical picture of OSCC in young patients have appeared; till this day, this topic remains relevant for head and neck oncologists. Understanding the biology of the OSCC in young patients can be crucial in determining the prevention of disease, treatment and prognosis for patients.