bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dipolar couplings in solid polypeptides probed by 14N NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Carnevale Diego , Grosjean Benoit , Bodenhausen Geoffrey
Published: October 2018

The acquisition of 14N NMR spectra in solid samples is challenging due to quadrupolar couplings with magnitudes up to several MHz. This nucleus is nonetheless important as it is involved in the formation of essential secondary structures in biological systems. Here we report the structural study of the atomic environment of amide functions in polypeptides using magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy of the ubiquitous 14N isotope. The cyclic undecapeptide cyclosporin, in which only four hydrogen atoms are directly bound to nitrogen atoms, is chosen for illustration. Structural details of different environments can be revealed without resorting to isotopic enrichment. The network of inter- and intra-residue dipolar couplings between amide 14N nuclei and nearby protons can be probed and mapped out up to a tunable cutoff distance. Density functional theory calculations of NMR quadrupolar interaction tensors agree well with the experimental evidence and allow the unambiguous assignment of all four non-methylated NH nitrogen sites and neighboring proton nuclei.
A state variable for crumpled thin sheets
Authors: Gottesman Omer , Andrejevic Jovana , Rycroft Chris H. , Rubinstein Shmuel M.
Published: October 2018

Despite the apparent ease with which sheets of paper are crumpled and tossed away, crumpling dynamics are often considered a paradigm of complexity. This arises from the infinite number of configurations that disordered, crumpled sheets can take. Here we experimentally show that key aspects of axially confined crumpled Mylar sheets have a very simple description; evolution of damage in crumpling dynamics can largely be described by a single global quantity—the total length of creases. We follow the evolution of the damage network in repetitively crumpled elastoplastic sheets, and show that the dynamics are deterministic, depending only on the instantaneous state of the crease network and not on the crumpling history. We also show that this global quantity captures the crumpling dynamics of a sheet crumpled for the first time. This leads to a remarkable reduction in complexity, allowing a description of a highly disordered system by a single state parameter.
Microcapsules as assay compartments formed through layer-by-layer deposition
Authors: Alorabi Ali Q. , Tarn Mark D. , Thomas Martina , Paunov Vesselin N. , Pamme Nicole
Published: October 2018

We investigate the potential of using microcapsules, generated through layer-by-layer assembly, as reaction compartments for bioassays.
State-of-the-art catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin for the production of aromatic chemicals
Authors: Cheng Chongbo , Shen Dekui , Gu Sai , Luo Kai Hong
Published: October 2018

Catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin is overviewed, concerning the cleavage of typical inter-unit linkages and the production of aromatic chemicals.
A new approach to construct a hydrodesulfurization catalyst from a crystalline precursor: ligand-induced self-assembly, sulfidation and hydrodesulfurization
Authors: Liang Jilei , Wu Mengmeng , Wang Jinjin , Wei Pinghe , Sun Bingfeng , Lu Yukun , Sun Daofeng , Liu Yunqi , Liu Chenguang
Published: October 2018

This paper proposes a new approach for investigating the mechanism of the formation of the active phase of a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst via crystalline polyoxometalate (POM) precursors.
Environmental exposure of a simulated pond ecosystem to a CuO nanoparticle-based wood stain throughout its life cycle
Authors: Auffan Mélanie , Liu Wei , Brousset Lenka , Scifo Lorette , Pariat Anne , Sanles Marcos , Chaurand Perrine , Angeletti Bernard , Thiéry Alain , Masion Armand , Rose Jérôme
Published: October 2018

Indoor aquatic mesocosms were used to assess the behavior of a wood stain containing CuO nanoparticles in a simulated pond ecosystem for 1 month.
Optically active quantum dots with induced circularly polarized luminescence in amphiphilic peptide dendron hydrogel
Authors: Li Chengxi , Jin Xue , Zhao Tonghan , Zhou Jin , Duan Pengfei
Published: October 2018

Semiconductor quantum dots showing controlled circularly polarized luminescence were achieved through co-assembling with chiral peptide dendron gelator in water.
Esterification of the free carboxylic group from the lutidinic acid ligand as a tool to improve the cytotoxicity of Ru(ii) complexes
Authors: Honorato João , Colina-Vegas Legna , Correa Rodrigo S. , Guedes Adriana P. M. , Miyata Marcelo , Pavan Fernando R. , Ellena Javier , Batista Alzir A.
Published: October 2018

The esterification of the free carboxyl group in ruthenium complexes improves the complex interactions with biomolecules, lipophilicity, and cellular uptake, making them more selective against tumor cells than cisplatin.
Large-scale fabrication of waterborne superamphiphobic coatings for flexible applications
Authors: Zhang Youfa , Yao Daozhou , Wang Shanlin , Xiao Zhen , Yu Xinquan
Published: October 2018

This work demonstrates the fabrication of waterborne superamphiphobic coatings on a large scale at a more accessible cost, and which show excellent performances in many fields.
Mechanism-based kinetic modeling of Cu-SSZ-13 sulfation and desulfation for NH3-SCR applications
Authors: Jangjou Yasser , Sampara Chaitanya S. , Gu Yuntao , Wang Di , Kumar Ashok , Li Junhui , Epling William S.
Published: October 2018

A multi-site kinetic model was developed capable of predicting the sulfation and desulfation of Cu-SSZ-13 for the NH3selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) of NOx.
Mobility of hydrated alkali metal ions in metallosupramolecular ionic crystals
Authors: Yoshinari Nobuto , Yamashita Satoshi , Fukuda Yosuke , Nakazawa Yasuhiro , Konno Takumi
Published: October 2018

The ion-conducting behaviour of alkali metal ions in ionic solids (M6[1]·nH2O) resembles that in aqueous solutions; the solid-state conductivities increase in the order of M = Li+< Na+< K+.
Interaction of SrO-terminated SrTiO3 surface with oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water
Authors: Staykov Aleksandar , Fukumori Shun , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Sato Kenta , Ishihara Tatsumi , Kilner John
Published: October 2018

The interaction of SrO terminated SrTiO3 surface with molecular carbon dioxide and water has been investigated using first-principle theoretical methods and surface analysis techniques.
Electrochemical activity of 1T′ structured rhenium selenide nanosheets via electronic structural modulation from selenium-vacancy generation
Authors: Sun Yuan , Meng Jie , Ju Huanxin , Zhu Junfa , Li Qunxiang , Yang Qing
Published: October 2018

The controllable synthesis of 1T′ structured ReSe2−x nanosheets with Se vacancies was achieved; the nanosheets were used as an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Insights into in situ one-step synthesis of carbon-supported nano-particulate gold-based catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Zhang Yicheng , Hu Liang , Han Weiqiang
Published: October 2018

Carbon-supported gold/gold compound catalysts prepared by directly forming nanoparticles on carbon are easily available and efficient for CO2 electroreduction.
Perceptual Organization of Interrupted Speech and Text
Authors: Shafiro Valeriy , Fogerty Daniel , Smith Kimberly , Sheft Stanley
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Visual recognition of interrupted text may predict speech intelligibility under adverse listening conditions. This study investigated the nature of the linguistic information and perceptual processes underlying this relationship.

Method

To directly compare the perceptual organization of interrupted speech and text, we examined the recognition of spoken and printed sentences interrupted at different rates in 14 adults with normal hearing. The interruption method approximated deletion and retention of rate-specific linguistic information (0.5–64 Hz) in speech by substituting either white space or silent intervals for text or speech in the original sentences.

Results

A similar U-shaped pattern of cross-rate variation in performance was observed in both modalities, with minima at 2 Hz. However, at the highest and lowest interruption rates, recognition accuracy was greater for text than speech, whereas the reverse was observed at middle rates. An analysis of word duration and the frequency of word sampling across interruption rates suggested that the location of the function minima was influenced by perceptual reconstruction of whole words. Overall, the findings indicate a high degree of similarity in the perceptual organization of interrupted speech and text.

Conclusion

The observed rate-specific variation in the perception of speech and text may potentially affect the degree to which recognition accuracy in one modality is predictive of the other.
Reliability assessment of distribution networks through graph theory, topology similarity and statistical analysis
Authors: Xu Yue , Yu Tao , Yang Bo
Published: October 2018

This study aims to investigate the topology characteristic indices which have a close relationship with reliability of distribution networks via mathematical tools. First, a practical network is extracted into a topology and presented by weighted adjacency matrix associated with a failure degree matrix, which contains more significant information than that of original adjacency matrix. Second, singular value sequence and vertex/edge sharing are proposed as two similarity indices. Finally, similarity functions are applied on two cases to establish the relationship with reliability by curve fitting and clustering. optimisation strategy based on modified contingency‐load‐loss index is elaborated to improve the reliability and guide to distribution network planning.
Active power filter integrated with distribution transformer based on magnetic potential balance
Authors: Cui Guiping , Luo Longfu , Li Yong , Liang Chonggan , Zhang Xiaofeng , Xu Jiazhu , Liu Yuxing , Wang Tao , Kubis Andreas
Published: October 2018

In this study, magnetic potential balance based active power filter integrated with distribution transformer (DT‐APF) is proposed for harmonic reduction in distribution systems. Instead of using a step‐down transformer for voltage matching, the active power filter is connected to the taps from the secondary windings of the distribution transformer. The filtering system's integration, operating efficiency as well as reliability are significantly enhanced. The topology of the proposed DT‐APF is introduced; the compensation principle, mathematical model as well as the corresponding detection method are described in detail. A non‐linear controller based on passivity‐based control (PBC) that ensures global asymptotic stability is proposed to obtain an excellent compensation performance. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the presented DT‐APF and PBC in harmonic suppression, results from MATLAB simulations and experiments of a down‐scaled prototype system at laboratory are demonstrated.
Image deformation based on contour using moving integral least squares
Authors: Yu Chong , Chen Xi , Yin Lei , Shu Chang , Zhao Li , Han Hua
Published: October 2018

Many effective image deformation methods have been proposed in recent years, but few of them use the contours of objects as the reference of deformation. However, the contour is an important factor, and contour‐based deformation can guarantee that the edge of the object after deformation is smoother compared to point‐based image deformation. This article presents an image deformation method based on contours using Moving Integral Least Squares (MILS) optimisation. First, the authors set the key points in the image to create control contours as required and then adjust the positions of these points to generate the desired contours. In order to warp these contours to their new positions, the image is deformed using MILS. They derive the affine, similarity, and rigid transformations in a general framework, and users can choose different curves according to their needs. The proposed method possesses two characteristics: (i) it is able to create detail‐preserving and intuitive deformations; and (ii) the solution of the deformation function has a simple closed form. They compare their method to the state‐of‐the‐art algorithm, which is modelled by rigid transformation. Experimental results show that their deformation is more vivid.
Mixture separability loss in a deep convolutional network for image classification
Authors: Do Trung Dung , Jin Cheng‐Bin , Nguyen Van Huan , Kim Hakil
Published: October 2018

In machine learning, the cost function is crucial because it measures how good or bad a system is. In image classification, well‐known networks only consider modifying the network structures and applying cross‐entropy loss at the end of the network. However, using only cross‐entropy loss causes a network to stop updating weights when all training images are correctly classified. This is the problem of early saturation. This study proposes a novel cost function, called mixture separability loss (MSL), which updates the weights of the network even when most of the training images are accurately predicted. MSL consists of between‐class and within‐class loss. Between‐class loss maximises the differences between inter‐class images, whereas within‐class loss minimises the similarities between intra‐class images. They designed the proposed loss function to attach to different convolutional layers in the network in order to utilise intermediate feature maps. Experiments show that a network with MSL deepens the learning process and obtains promising results with some public datasets, such as Street View House Number, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and the authors’ self‐collected Inha Computer Vision Lab gender dataset.
Research on the RBF‐PID control method for the motor actuator used in a UHV GIS disconnector
Authors: Kejian Shi , Bin Li , Feiming Wang , Bin Zhang , Wei Luo , Jiale Deng
Published: October 2018

To improve the reliability and intelligent level of the AC transmission system, the radial basis function‐based proportional‐integral‐derivative (RBF‐PID) control method for the motor actuator used in the 550 kV gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) disconnector is proposed. According to the dynamic mathematical model of the motor actuator, the main structure of the RBF neural network based on the gradient descent method for learning algorithm is constructed. An identification function is formed by taking values of the output error square, and then by gathering information on the real‐time tuning parameters of PID. Based on that, the simulation of the control system is constructed. The comparative analyses of the tracking control characteristics and the servo following error of the disconnector's contact speed between double‐loop PID and RBF‐PID are done through the computational and experiment methods, respectively. The results show that 550 kV GIS disconnector with the motor actuator by the RFB‐PID control method has better controllability, and the servo following error is controlled within 0.1 m/s.
Impacts on operational characteristics of AC/DC system with different grid integration modes of offshore wind farm via MMC‐based HVDC transmission
Authors: Nie Zhongrui , Shi Libao , Zhao Yue , Ni Yixin
Published: October 2018

With the rapid development of renewable energy resources, wind power plays a major role to support the conventional power system. Meanwhile, the module multilevel converter (MMC) technology attracts the public's wide attention in the implementation of offshore wind farm integration. To analyse the impacts on the operational characteristics of hybrid AC/DC power system, the simulations and relevant remarks with grid integration of large permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)‐based wind farms using different MMC‐based HVDC transmission structures are conducted. First, the detailed mathematical models and control strategies pertinent to PMSG and MMC are introduced, respectively. By applying different MMC‐based HVDC topologies of offshore wind farm integrating into the AC power grid, the interactions between DC system and AC grid can be elaborately studied via changing the wind speed conditions, the wind farm point of common coupling etc. under the PSCAD/EMTDC™ simulation environment. Furthermore, the wind power penetration level is also analysed. A modified 4‐generator 2‐area hybrid AC/DC test system is applied as benchmark to carry out the corresponding simulation studies. Some useful and significant conclusions and comments are drawn.
Calculation and protection on the lighting intruding waves of 550 kv GIS substation
Authors: Sui Dongpeng , Huang Fucun , Chi Danyi , Wang Yanan , Kang Jiyang , Zhao Dan
Published: October 2018

Electromagnetic Transient Programme has been used to calculate the lightning intruding wave of 550 kV GIS substation. The effects of mode operation, surge impedance and length of cable have been considered in the process of calculation. Besides, the corresponding protection scheme has been proposed on the basis of the results of calculation. Results of the research show that when the system is operating in single‐in‐single‐out way, the voltage intruded into the substation is highest; the bigger of surge impedance for GIS, the higher of the voltage; the overvoltage amplitude decreases with the increase of the length of the cable; the installation of metal oxide arrester (MOA) at the entrance of GIS and the region close to the transformer or using the reactor instead the arrestor at the entrance of GIS can limit the voltage strike on the transformer effectively.
Loop stability analysis of boost circuit under globally dynamic compensation strategy
Authors: Wang Xiaofan , Guo Yingna , Cheng Weibin , Leng Mingquan
Published: October 2018

The PFC Boost converter controlled by the mode of CCM has strong non‐linearity due to the use of non‐linear elements such as power switch and multipliers. Here, a globally optimised control strategy of dynamic slope compensation is proposed to eliminate bifurcation, chaos behaviours. Time‐varying adjustment of control efforts can achieve the optimal compensation within each switching cycle. First, the model and the system transfer function of the circuit controlled by the global dynamic slope compensation control mode have been derived and the stability of the system is analysed from the frequency domain at the same time. The voltage outer loop is used to compensate the worst‐stability zero‐crossing time, which ensures that the circuit meets the frequency domain stability requirements throughout the whole cycle. Finally, the experimental circuit has been built to verify the theory, it can be found that the theory has good prospects in practical application and promotion through comparison between the simulation and the measured circuit waveforms.
The analysis of overheat failure for 220 kV voltage transformer with live detection
Authors: Dan‐yi Chi , Fucun Huang , Dong‐peng Sui , Li‐na Geng , Dan Zhao
Published: October 2018

Temperature measurement is critical for fault detection in electrical equipment. Non‐contact infrared temperature measurement, with its fast, accurate, convenient, long life, and other advantages, has been widely used in the power grid. With the development of the times, infrared detection technology mature and increasingly sophisticated. Infrared detection technology not only has long‐distance, non‐contact, real‐time and accurate features, but also in the non‐power failure, no sampling, not disintegration of the case to achieve fault diagnosis and online testing. Here, examples of the use of infrared thermal imaging to detect abnormal heat generation method, which found that the defect and give the reasons for treatment recommendations and measures.
Real‐time diagnosis of high‐speed rail traction transformer in different topologies
Authors: Tu Ming , Yan Wei , Zhao Yang , Wang Enrong , Fu Chunxiao , Ma Runqing , Zhu Jiaming
Published: October 2018

High‐speed railway (HSR) traction transformer, as a connection between traction power supply system and the power grid, is critical in electrified railway design, which requires a drastic change of traction load and frequent external short circuits. In the actual operation process, the traction transformer can produce minor faults that are difficult to detect such as the deformation of the winding, which may result in a serious problem. This study analyses the topology structures and winding fault characteristics of six HSR traction transformers consisting of single phase, Vv, YNd11, Scott, YNvd and impedance matching wiring. Both circuit models of normal operation and fault operation of HSR traction transformer are established. Results show that real‐time diagnosis of HSR traction transformer can be accomplished through measuring the voltage signal of the input and output points during operation and establishing real‐time monitoring statistics of small faults standardisation（I 2 and squared prediction error）based on fast independent component analysis algorithm, as well as the signal statistics distribution, thereby improving the safety and reliability of HSR operation.
Deciphering the atmosphere of HAT-P-12b: solving discrepant results
Authors: Alexoudi X. , Mallonn M. , von Essen C. , Turner J. D. , Keles E. , Southworth J. , Mancini L. , Ciceri S. , Granzer T. , Denker C. , Dineva E. , Strassmeier K. G.
Published: October 2018

Context. Two independent investigations of the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-12b by two different groups resulted in discrepant solutions. Using broad-band photometry from the ground, one study found a flat and featureless transmission spectrum that was interpreted as gray absorption by dense cloud coverage. The second study made use of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations and found Rayleigh scattering at optical wavelengths caused by haze.

Aims. The main purpose of this work is to determine the source of this inconsistency and provide feedback to prevent similar discrepancies in future analyses of other exoplanetary atmospheres.

Methods. We studied the observed discrepancy via two methods. With further broad-band observations in the optical wavelength regions, we strengthened the previous measurements in precision, and with a homogeneous reanalysis of the published data, we were able to assess the systematic errors and the independent analyses of the two different groups.

Results. Repeating the analysis steps of both works, we found that deviating values for the orbital parameters are the reason for the aforementioned discrepancy. Our work showed a degeneracy of the planetary spectral slope with these parameters. In a homogeneous reanalysis of all data, the two literature data sets and the new observations converge to a consistent transmission spectrum, showing a low-amplitude spectral slope and a tentative detection of potassium absorption.
Supercluster A2142 and collapse in action: infalling and merging groups and galaxy transformations
Authors: Einasto Maret , Gramann Mirt , Park Changbom , Kim Juhan , Deshev Boris , Tempel Elmo , Heinämäki Pekka , Lietzen Heidi , Lähteenmäki Anne , Einasto Jaan , Saar Enn
Published: October 2018

Context. Superclusters with collapsing cores represent dynamically evolving environments for galaxies, galaxy groups, and clusters.

Aims. We study the dynamical state and properties of galaxies and groups in the supercluster SCl A2142 that has a collapsing core, to understand its possible formation and evolution.

Methods. We find the substructure of galaxy groups using normal mixture modelling. We have used the projected phase space (PPS) diagram, spherical collapse model, clustercentric distances, and magnitude gap between the brightest galaxies in groups to study the dynamical state of groups and to analyse group and galaxy properties. We compared the alignments of groups and their brightest galaxies with the supercluster axis.

Results. The supercluster core has a radius of about 8h−1Mpc and total massMtot≈ 2.3 × 1015h−1M⊙and is collapsing. Galaxies in groups on the supercluster axis have older stellar populations than off-axis groups, with median stellar ages 4 − 6 and < 4 Gyr, correspondingly. The cluster A2142 and the group Gr8 both host galaxies with the oldest stellar populations among groups in SCl A2142 having the median stellar aget> 8 Gyr. Recently quenched galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are mostly located at virial radii or in merging regions of groups, and at clustercentric distancesDc≈ 6h−1Mpc. The most elongated groups lie along the supercluster axis and are aligned with it. Magnitude gaps between the brightest galaxies of groups are less than one magnitude, suggesting that groups in SCl A2142 are dynamically young.

Conclusions. The collapsing core of the supercluster, infall of galaxies and groups, and possible merging groups, which affect galaxy properties and may trigger the activity of AGNs, show how the whole supercluster is evolving.
Signalisation endosomale du récepteur du peptide insulinotrope dépendant du glucose (GIP)
Authors: Ismail Sadek , Gigoux Véronique , Fourmy Daniel
Published: October 2018

Les récepteurs couplés aux protéines G (RCPG) représentent la plus grande famille de récepteurs membranaires. Classiquement, il était admis que la signalisation des RCPG, résultant de leur couplage aux protéines G, provenait exclusivement du pool de récepteurs présents à la surface cellulaire et, qu’une fois internalisés, les RCPG devenaient « silencieux ». À l’heure actuelle, il existe des preuves expérimentales montrant que des RCPG internalisés continuent à produire un signal via les protéines G. Dans notre travail, nous avons démontré, qu’une fois internalisé et présent dans la membrane des endosomes précoces, le récepteur du peptide insulinotrope dépendant du glucose (RGIP) continue de stimuler la production d’AMPc et d’activer la protéine kinase-A (PKA). En plus de preuves indirectes montrant que les cinétiques de production d’AMPc et d’activation de la PKA sont dépendantes de l’internalisation du RGIP et de son trafic intracellulaire, nous avons identifié la forme active de Gαs dans les endosomes précoces contenant le RGIP et détecté un signal au moyen d’une sonde par RET d’AMPc démontrant une production d’AMPc à la surface des endosomes contenant le GIP.
Trafic et signalisation du récepteur de la leptine
Authors: Dam Julie
Published: October 2018

Les récepteurs sont les pièces maîtresses véhiculant l’information apportée par l’hormone de l’environnement extracellulaire vers le milieu intracellulaire. Par ce fait, la fraction de récepteur à la surface de la cellule peut déterminer la force du signal. La régulation du trafic du récepteur vers la surface de la cellule ainsi que les processus de rétention du récepteur dans les compartiments intracellulaires constituent des mécanismes clés pour l’activité du récepteur de la leptine (ObR). Une altération de ces mécanismes conduit au développement de l’obésité. Par ailleurs, la part du mécanisme classique d’activation des récepteurs à la membrane plasmique est mise en question, depuis la découverte d’une activité de signalisation propre à ces récepteurs intracellulaires. Ceux-ci peuvent déclencher une signalisation régulant une fonction particulière, différente de la signalisation des récepteurs de surface, ou en continuité avec ces derniers. Nous aborderons à la fois ces deux aspects en nous intéressant particulièrement au cas du récepteur de la leptine, c’est à dire i) la régulation de son niveau d’exposition à la surface cellulaire et ses répercussions sur le développement de l’obésité, et ii) la découverte de sa localisation et de sa signalisation dans certains compartiments intracellulaires.
Signalisation mitochondriale des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G
Authors: Lahuna Olivier , Jockers Ralf
Published: October 2018

Les récepteurs couplés aux protéines G (RCPG) forment la plus grande famille de récepteurs membranaires avec 800 membres chez l’Homme qui sont exprimés à la surface de la cellule où ils répondent à un large panel de stimuli extracellulaires. Des avancées récentes indiquent que les RCPG sont également exprimés dans des compartiments intracellulaires où ils remplissent des fonctions importantes. Dans cette revue, nous nous intéresserons à la localisation et à la fonction des RCPG exprimés dans les mitochondries.
Design of a Sensor Coil for Electromagnetic Induction Tomography
Authors: Dita Ayu Banjarnahor , Rohmadi Rohmadi , Rudin Amir , Muttakin Imamul , Taruno Warsito P.
Published: October 2018

Electromagnetic tomography method works by utilizing magnetic field induced by coils that are given an electric current. An object with certain conductivity property interferes the magnetic field which will be sensed by the sensor in the form of voltage difference. Experiment using iron as an object has been conducted. In addition, parameters given are distance between transmitter and receiver coil, and frequency of transmitter signal. The result shows that conductive material gives significant voltage difference, which ranges between 0 – 0.072 V. The optimal transmitter-receiver coil distance is the shortest, while the optimal transmitter signal frequency is at 5MHz and 9MHz. Based on the optimum parameters gained, multi-channel magnetic induction tomography (MIT) sensor is designed. It contains four transmitter coils and four receiver coils. They are arranged in circle, which each transmitter and receiver pairs are in opposite location. The sensor proved to be able to sense voltage difference induced by an object. Samples of imaging are also successfully provided accordingly.
Image Data Acquisition for NOAA 18 and NOAA 19 Weather Satellites Using QFH Antenna and RTL-SDR
Authors: Wiryadinata Romi , Khoirussolih Muhammad , Rohanah Neneng , Muttakin Imamul , Firmansyah Teguh
Published: October 2018

Satellite imaging is widely used in monitoring weather patterns and interpreting satellite images. The limited access to weather satellite image data in real-time is still major issues faced by satellite enthusiasts. NOAA 18 and NOAA 19 weather satellites provide free accessible weather data continuously through Automatic Picture Transmission at 137.9125 MHz and 137.1000 MHz frequencies. In this research the data acquisition system is designed with the help of a Quadrifilar Helix antenna and RTL-SDR. In order to receive both frequencies, the Quadrifilar Helix antenna at 137,5 MHz is designed. Recording, decoding, editing, and viewing of Automatic Picture Transmission signals using WXtoImg software. The result showed that the weather satellite image receptions are sufficiently clear and descriptive, although there are 0.0685% frequency offsets of Automatic Picture Transmission signal reception on NOAA 18 and 0.0686% on NOAA 19.
Photovoltaic Measurement Using Microprocessor Logger and Current Sensor
Authors: Agung Ananto Rhezal , Setiabudy Rudy
Published: October 2018

Nowdays, energy demand increase every years. Some obstacles stand in the way of energy supply. Some obstacles are energy limitation, climate change and environmental regulation. The change of conventional energy to renewable energy is the future solution. The development of renewable energy is the main priority, based on Indonesian government regulations. The potential of solar energy in Indonesia is very large because it is located in the equator. The research tries to measure solar energy in Indonesia region, it use atmega328p microprocessor logger and INA219 current sensor module. The measurement result is used to determine the photovoltaic stand-alone system performance. Measurement variables are sun irradiance, voltage, current, power, energy and temperature. The research method is measurement comparison between photovoltaic system with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and without MPPT. Sun irradiation measurement with solar power meter is compared with sun irradiation data from NASA. Performance Ratio of the photovoltaic system with MPPT is better than the photovoltaic system without MPPT, the best photovoltaic system with MPPT Performance Ratio (PR) result is 0.93.
Feasibility study of photovoltaic water pump for rice paddy irrigation
Authors: Munarto Ri , Faishal Arif
Published: October 2018

Diesel pumps are commonly used for irrigation purposes of paddy fields at locations far from the grid. Diesel pumps have low reliability because they require high maintenance costs. The use of photovoltaic is a valuable option because the selection decision is not only based on direct biya modal but also includes environmental costs. These solutions reduce the impact of global warming, mitigate negative effects on air quality and contribute to sustainable economic development. Daily sun conditions in Indonesia are average in the horizontal plane within the range of 5-7 kWh/m2/day and the average daily sun shines within the 7-9 hour. The availability of solar radiation is quite abundant and due to the high cost of grid connections, the pumping of irrigated rice paddy water is beneficial to the water needs for remote communities in Indonesia. It is known from some literature that the photovoltaic irrigation pump system is technically and economically feasible for very small systems in hectares orders. Technical and economic feasibility is determined as a function of the plant and geographical location, including climatic factors, soil quality, ground water depth and recharge rate. The objective of the research is to design a system of pumping irrigation of paddy field of photovolatics to replace previous diesel pumps that meet the criteria of feasibility standard. From simulation using PVSYST 5.0 software, it is known need of solar panel as many as 5 series module and 2 parallel module which fulfill the required eligibility criteria.
Proposed statistical-based approach for detecting distribute denial of service against the controller of software defined network (SADDCS)
Authors: AL-Adaileh Mohammad A. , Anbar Mohammed , Chong Yung-Wey , Al-Ani Ahmed
Published: October 2018

Software-defined networkings (SDNs) have grown rapidly in recent years be-cause of SDNs are widely used in managing large area networks and securing networks from Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attacks. SDNs allow net-works to be monitored and managed through centralized controller. Therefore, SDN controllers are considered as the brain of networks and are considerably vulnerable to DDoS attacks. Thus, SDN controller suffer from several challenges that exhaust network resources. For SDN controller, the main target of DDoS attacks is to prevent legitimate users from using a network resource or receiving their services. Nevertheless, some approaches have been proposed to detect DDoS attacks through the examination of the traffic behavior of networks. How-ever, these approaches take too long to process all incoming packets, thereby leading to high bandwidth consumption and delays in the detection of DDoS at-tacks. In addition, most existing approaches for the detection of DDoS attacks suffer from high positive/negative false rates and low detection accuracy. This study proposes a new approach to detecting DDoS attacks. The approach is called the statistical-based approach for detecting DDoS against the controllers of software-defined networks. The proposed approach is designed to detect the presence of DDoS attacks accurately, reduce false positive/negative flow rates, and minimize the complexity of targeting SDN controllers according to a statistical analysis of packet features. The proposed approach passively captures net-work traffic, filters traffic, and selects the most significant features that contribute to DDoS attack detection. The general stages of the proposed approach are (i) da-ta preprocessing, (ii) statistical analysis, (iii) correlation identification between two vectors, and (iv) rule-based DDoS detection.
Development of Hand Gesture Based Electronic Key Using Microsoft Kinect
Authors: Ramadhani Arief , Rizal Achmad , Susanto Erwin
Published: October 2018

Computer vision is one of the fields of research that can be applied in a various subject. One application of computer vision is the hand gesture recognition system. The hand gesture is one of the ways to interact with computers or machines. In this study, hand gesture recognition was used as a password for electronic key systems. The hand gesture recognition in this study utilized the depth sensor in Microsoft Kinect Xbox 360. Depth sensor captured the hand image and segmented using a threshold. By scanning each pixel, we detected the thumb and the number of other fingers that open. The hand gesture recognition result was used as a password to unlock the electronic key. This system could recognize nine types of hand gesture represent number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. The average accuracy of the hand gesture recognition system was 97.78% for one single hand sign and 86.5% as password of three hand signs.
KWh Meter Smart Card Model Token For Electrical Energy Monitoring
Authors: Ruli A. Siregar Riki , Sikumbang Hengki , Sangadji Iriansyah BM. , Indrianto
Published: October 2018

This research Producer Electric meter Appliance model base on smart card kWh (kilo Watt hour). The card power meter Is use to calculate the prepaid electricity meter using the 20-digit voucher number as a charging medium. Utilizing a smart card, the token number in the prepaid electricity meter can help reduce the error rate when entering the token number, the model destination is created. Hardware design and with apps to detect how much energy is used to store basic data to help view history of usage. Using smart cards and microcontrollers in apps that come from a usage history in the Pulse usage category will help users know their usage in efficient, normal, and wasteful categories. The results of this research is a meter model with credit card for charging pulses, and data processing applications as devices that can be used for various electricity consumption. The information system is used as a model validation with pulse input that provides information about the use of electrical energy and as a determinant to save the time and time required to make optimal energy
Monitoring Location Prototype Using Lora Module
Authors: Rosmiati Mia , Fachru Rizal Mochammad , Wanti Irma
Published: October 2018

The number of child abduction cases in Indonesia today is always increasing every year, this has given concern to parents in leaving their children to play outside the home. Therefore, a device that can detect the presence of children when outside the home was needded. At this time, some devices can monitor ones location easily and quickly, such as Smartwatch and GPS Tracker, but the device must be connected to the internet With these conditions, it needs a device that can transmit information in real time without any dependence LoRa module are using low frequency radio as data transmission medium, can be built a Location monitoring prototype without connecting to internet network. From the examination results, the built system successfully shows the real time location coordinate point with a maximum data transmission limit of 2 KM for Line Of Sight (LOS).
Switch-Beam Vivaldi Array Antenna Based On 4x4 Butler Matrix for mmWave
Authors: Safitri Nurlaila , Pudji Astuti Rina , Setia Nugroho Bambang
Published: October 2018

It will be diffcult to use either omnidirectional or fixed beam antenna due to the high propagation losses caused by atmospheric absorption at mmWave for 5G mobile communication. Several studies have been conducted recently using butler matrix which is part of switchable antenna with some advantages such as simple, minimal cost, low loss, etc. Previous studies also have designed vivaldi array antenna at 28 GHz which provides a fix beam directional radiation pattern with narrow beam that requires real phase setting. However, there has been no research using vivaldi antenna with butler matrix, whereas it has some advantages such as wide bandwidth, high gain, high directivity, etc. This paper proposed 4x4 butler matrix integrated with vivaldi antenna by using phase shift of 45 . The design is developed on a single layer of Rogers RT5880 with dielectric constant 2.2 and thickness 0.254 mm. Best results of simulation were picked for overall system at 28 GHz, and the results of antenna as follows: the return loss was below -10 dB, the realized antennas gain was 10.2 dB with unidirectional radiation pattern and bandwidth antenna of 6 GHz that covers from 25 GHz to 31 GHz. The butler matrix average phase di erent between output port are -44.106°, 137.38°, -137.66°, 43.95° with phase err°r °f 0.894°, 2.38°, 2.66°, 1.06°. Antenna array that has been given di erent phase by butler matrix is able to shift radiation pattern on the input port successively with range of beam that can be achieved equal to 185o.
Wide ku-band log periodic dipole array microstrip patch antena using defected ground structure for electronic support measure
Authors: Wicaksono Immanuel , Arseno Dharu , Wahyu Yuyu
Published: October 2018

Microstrip antenna as a supporter of wireless communication, which is the development of conventional antenna, has various advantages contained its predecessor, one of which has a patch that can be modified according to the wishes of the user. Microstrip antenna Log Periodic Dipole Array with Defected Ground Structure is one of the patch modification of antenna that allows antenna to work on wideband frequency 12-18 GHz (Ku-Band). Its use is intended for communication on satellites. In this research, will be designed and realized microstrip antenna with modification of Log Periodic Dipole Array patch working on frequency 12-18 GHz (Ku-band). The design will also use modifications to the ground structure with the use of slots using microstrip line feeding techniques. In this research, microstrip antenna design of Log Periodic Dipole Array with Defected Ground Structure works on 12-18 GHz (Ku-Band) frequency using slot using microstrip line feeding technique, which designed by using application of electromagnetic simulator (Integrated Software). The desired specifications are; gain ≥ 6 dBi, VSWR <2, as well as 6 GHz bandwidth, with unidirectional radiation pattern and linear polarization. Substrate materials used in design are Roger 5880 Duroid with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a dielectric thickness of 1.57mm. Measurement results on the realization of this tool; return loss on each of the 12, 15, 18 GHz frequency markers of -25,457 dB, -12,939 dB, and -11.004 dB; with the value of VSWR 1.112, 1.593, 1.786. Impedance of 44,988 Ω, 34,129 Ω, 27,792 Ω. Gain respectively of 8.907 dB, 8.931 dB, 8.774 dB. Bandwidth 6 GHz. Unidirectional radiation pattern and elliptical polarization.
Applications of temperature and humidity monitoring system at aerophonic plants based on IoT
Authors: Saraswati Irma , Dwi Puspitasari Vera , Anggoro S Pramudyo , Alimuddin  , Firmansyah Teguh , Oktorida Khastini Rida , Mardono Untung
Published: October 2018

Indonesian agricultural system has improved significantly along with technological developments. However, as a result of technological developments, agricultural land becomes narrow. To overcome the increasingly narrow farming land, start developing systems suitable for planting with aeroponic system. Unpredictable environmental climate changes can disrupt productivity growth and create low quality crops. To solve this problem, monitoring system based on Android needed. This system is used to monitor in parameters change, the parameters include temperature and humidity. Android-based monitoring system uses java programming and is open source, besides the user can monitor the development of spinach plants, by looking at data that has been stored into the database so that users can know the development of the plant. This application can be accessed via smartphone with android operating system as a client server.
Effect of Zn Interlayer Particles on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Friction Stir Spot Welding Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Arti Saputra Lingga , Muhayat Nurul , Triyono
Published: October 2018

Global warming can be reduced by controlling emissions in motor vehicles. Lightweight aluminum materials can lower the engine work so as to reduce fuel consumption.The effect of dwell time on mechanical properties and microstructure friction stir spot welded AA1100 with particle interlayer Zn were investigated. The result shows that the particle interlayer Zn affect to the mechanical properties. The tensile shear load friction stir spot welded AA1100 with particle interlayer Zn is higher than hart of without particle interlayer Zn. In line with tensile shear load that the hardness of friction stir spot welded Al with particle interlayer Zn got the higher hardness than of without particle interlayer Zn. The addition of particle interlayer Zn reduce the hook defect and spread in the aluminum matrix as solid solution.
Augmented Reality Chemical Reaction with User-Centered Design
Authors: Nurpandi Finsa , Gumelar Agung
Published: October 2018

One of chemistry is the chemical element that is represented by the symbol on the periodic table. The low level of activity, interest, and the result of chemistry learning in school is caused by the students generally having difficulty in solving problems related to chemical reactions. In addition, most of the chemical concepts are abstract so it is difficult to imagine the structure of molecules clearly. Augmented Reality can integrate digital elements with the real world in real time and follow the circumstances surrounding environment. Augmented Reality can provide a new more interactive concept in the learning process because users can directly interact naturally. By using Augmented Reality, the atoms in the periodic table will be scanned using a camera from an Android-based smartphone that has installed this app. The scan results are then compared with existing data and will show the molecular structure in three-dimensional form. Users can also observe reactions between atoms by combining multiple markers simultaneously. Augmented Reality application is built using the concept of user-centered design and Unity with personal license as development tools. By using this app, studying chemical reactions no longer requires a variety of chemicals that could be harmful to users.
Development System for Reducing Fuel Consumption with Logarithmic Approach for Aperture Valve System on Throttle Body
Authors: Farhan Muhamad , Ramdhani Mohamad , Estananto
Published: October 2018

Decreasing of petroleum reserve and increasing of fossil fuel consumed lead to an energy crisis. To anticipate that case, it is required for the development of modified motor vehicles to optimize fuel consumption. A modification toward the valve on the throttle body regulating the mixed amount of the incoming gasoline and air into the combustion chamber can be an alternative solution of the case. By changing the valve aperture system which has initially been linier become logarithmic with the gas handle, make the mixture of incoming gasoline and air into the combustion chamber more efficient. In this research Motorcycle Carburettor 110 cc is used. The result of the research shows that the fuel consumption can be optimized to 37% lower consumption compared to normal mode.