bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDIES OF FACTORS AFFECTING COOKING QUALITY OF YELLOW PEAS
Authors: Chernick A. , Chernick B. A.
Published: March 2010

The largest peas from well-matured plants and pods, and those grown at a soil pH of 6–7, were of the best quality for soup manufacture. A genetic basis for cooking quality was suggested by the consistent superiority of the variety Chancellor to Arthur, and by the fact that high quality lines selected from the variety Chancellor maintained this status for several generations.
INHERITANCE OF REACTION TORHYINCHOSPORIUM SECALISIN BARLEY
Authors: Wells S. A. , Skoropad W. P.
Published: March 2010

F1and F2barley plants from crosses of eight resistant varieties with a susceptible one were tested for reaction to an Alberta isolate of Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) Davis. A dominant gene was responsible for resistance in seven of the varieties. Furthermore, the same gene appeared to be common to all seven. In the eighth variety, Nigrinudum, a recessive gene governed resistance. This gene was designated rh8. The variety Turk carrying the Rh3 gene was crossed with a number of linkage testers and interchange stocks. It was confirmed that the Rh3 gene is located on chromosome. 3.
PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS IN CLONAL APPLE STOCKS AND ITS CONTROL BY HOT-WATER TREATMENT
Authors: Bosher J. E. , Orchard W. R.
Published: March 2010

Immersion of maiden apple root stocks (East Malling VII and IX) in water at 115°–116°F. for 30 minutes killed Pratylenchus penetrans, (Cobb, 1917), Filip. & Stek., 1941, within the roots. Damage to the plants was reduced or prevented by cooling in tap water immediately after treatment. The nematodes were killed more rapidly at higher temperatures, but the plants were more easily damaged. Older plants with larger root systems required longer treatment. Plants treated immediately before planting suffered more injury than those taken from cold storage at 34°–38°F. for treatment in January and returned to cold storage until planting time in late March.
SPREAD OF TOADFLAX IN SASKATCHEWAN
Authors: Coupland R. T. , Zilke S. , Selleck G. W.
Published: March 2010

During 1949–57, surveys and resurveys were conducted throughout one-third of the settled area of Saskatchewan for the purpose of ascertaining the abundance of several species of introduced persistent perennial weeds and to evaluate their rates of increase. The methods used included an extensive farm-to-farm survey, sampling quarter-sections along transects in heavily infested areas, and resurveys of the same land at intervals. Detailed studies along line transects in various habitats were used during 1954–61 to obtain more precise data concerning increases and decreases in extent of infestations. These studies indicated that, within the area surveyed, 142,702 acres were infested with toadflax (Linaria vulgaris Mill.) in 4,993 quarter-sections. The increase in abundance of the weed was particularly great from 1949 to 1954, while after that date uncultivated infestations spread much less rapidly and cultivated ones were kept under fairly good control. The data indicate that the weed probably responds to weather conditions in such a way as to be favored relative to grasses by deficiency of soil moisture in the upper levels of the soil.
NOTE ON THE EFFECT OF GROWTH SUBSTANCES ON THE BLOOM LIFE OF NARCISSUS CUT FLOWERS
Authors: Ballantyne D. J.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A FLORAL MUTANT OF ALFALFA
Authors: Pankiw P. , Bolton J. L.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON THE ESTIMATION OF APPLE ROOTSTOCK VIGOR BY THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF WATER EXTRACT
Authors: Taper C. D. , Ling R. S. , Hutchinson A.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON EQUIPMENT FOR MOLDING SHEET PLASTIC
Authors: Voisey Peter W. , Cooper D. J.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON ESTIMATION OF LEAF AREAS OF COCOA FROM LEAF LENGTH DATA
Authors: Asomaning E. J. A. , Lockard R. G.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A NEW METHOD OF MEASURING AWN BRITTLENESS IN BARLEY
Authors: Chiasson T. C.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF A SMALL SPRAYER FOR EXPERIMENTAL WORK IN GREENHOUSES
Authors: Clarke H. , Grover R.
Published: March 2010

not available
METHODS OF BREEDING FOR OIL QUALITY IN RAPE
Authors: Downey R. K. , Harvey B. L.
Published: March 2010

Reciprocal crosses were made between plants of Brassica napus with seed oil containing 40 and 0 per cent erucic acid. Gas liquid chromatographic analysis snowed an erucic acid content of 22 to 24 per cent in the crossed seeds. These results indicate that dominant gene action is absent and that fatty acid composition of the oil is controlled by the developing embryo. Thus the seed on an F1 plant constitutes an F2 population.Methods were developed to determine the fatty acid composition of oil from single seeds and from one cotyledon of an embryo. The analysis of a single cotyledon allows the genotype to be determined one generation earlier than if bulk samples are used, and the remainder of the seed may be grown into a normal plant. It is suggested that this half-seed technique may be used to determine the inheritance of other fatty acids in Brassica, and may also be applied to breeding other oil crops where the embryo, rather than the maternal sporophyte, controls the synthesis of fatty acids.
POLLEN TRANSMISSION OF NECROTIC RING SPOT AND SOUR CHERRY YELLOWS VIRUSES FROM TREE TO TREE
Authors: George J. A. , Davidson T. R.
Published: March 2010

Montmorency sour cherry trees, 3 years of age and older, became infected more often with necrotic ring spot virus when exposed during May than when caged individually under 32-mesh screen during May. In screened compartments, necrotic ring spot spread only when bees were present during blossoming. Though necrotic ring spot spread to all but 1 untreated tree in a bearing orchard, it did not spread to neighbouring trees from which blossom buds were removed. Finally, necrotic ring spot virus was transferred to at least 4, and sour cherry yellows virus to at least 1 and possibly a second, of 14 trees that were emasculated and then pollinated with pollen from diseased trees. It is concluded that the viruses causing these diseases are transmitted from one cherry tree to another through pollination.
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE DISPERSAL OF LIQUID SEED DRESSINGS AMONG CEREAL SEEDS
Authors: Wallace H. A. H. , Machacek J. E.
Published: March 2010

A survey of Manitoba seed-treatment practices carried on in 1961 showed that the volatile organic mercury liquid seed dressing Panogen 15 was widely used for seed treatment and that it was frequently applied to seed by means of a "drip" apparatus coupled to an auger-type grain-loader. An attempt was made to measure the efficiency of such equipment for the treatment of barley seed, especially the effect of varying the auger length, diameter and slope, and the rate of grain flow through it. However, when the treated grain collected at different "settings" of the equipment was tested for uniformity of treatment, it was found that changes in auger setting had no visible effect on the machine's performance as a seed treater. Other tests indicated that Panogen 15 spreads more readily from treated to untreated barley seed than it does in oats or wheat, especially when the temperature is about 70°F. Because of the rapid spread of this fungicide, treated barley seed that has been stored for some time before being tested for uniformity of seed treatment cannot be expected to show the efficiency of the grain-loader as a seed treater. Another seed dressing tested is less volatile than Panogen 15, but it spreads very readily at room temperatures, by contact of untreated seed with treated seed. Laboratory tests showed also that liquid seed dressings may disperse by contact uniformly, even when the grain is cold, providing the grain and dressing are thoroughly mixed.
THE INFLUENCE OF VARIETY, SOIL TEMPERATURE, AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER ON YIELD AND PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE BY ALFALFA
Authors: Levesque M. , Ketcheson J. W.
Published: March 2010

Du Puits and Ladak varieties of alfalfa were grown for 10 weeks in the greenhouse on soil-sand media controlled at temperatures of 10°, 18°, and 26 °C. P32-tagged superphosphate was applied at rates of 10 and 80 p.p.m. phosphorus, respectively. Dry matter yields and phosphorus content of the tissue was determined at the end of the growth period. Increasing soil temperature from 10° to 26 °C. caused corresponding increases in total phosphorus uptake as a result of an increase in dry matter yields as well as an increase in the percentage of phosphorus in the plant tissue. Ladak exhibited the higher yield potential although Du Puits was less affected by low soil temperature conditions and appeared capable of making better use of soil phosphorus. With the higher phosphorus application, the root-top ratio for Du Puits was greater than that for Ladak, and the maximum value for this ratio occurred at 18 °C. for each variety. P32 activity measured in the tissue indicated that soil temperature was critical in terms of phosphorus fertilization in the 4- and 6-week stages of growth.
EARLY-GENERATION TESTING FOR FRUIT MATURITY AND SIZE IN TOMATO CROSSES
Authors: Kemp G. A.
Published: March 2010

Individual F2 tomato plant data in a scatter diagram were used to select segregants for early maturity combined with large fruit size. Selections which were tested in the F3 in replicated and progeny-row tests were carried through to a comparative test in the F5. The relationship of fruit maturity and fruit size in the F2 and F3 indicated that F3 replicated tests using individual plant data are of considerable value in the early selection of superior lines. The F3 performance also provided an indication of the performance of subsequent generations thus permitting immediate decision as to further crossing selfing. The progeny-row test was not sufficiently critical to maintain high selection standards or to provide a reliable indication of the performance of subsequent progenies.
RELIABILITY OF FLOWERING AS AN INDICATOR OF WINTER SURVIVAL IN RED CLOVER
Authors: Smith Dale
Published: March 2010

Flowering response of first-year individual plants of nine varieties of red clover was studied at Arlington, Wisconsin. Plant populations of varieties with high winterhardiness had high percentages of non-flowering plants. Winterkilling of plant types increased progressively from non-flowering Type 1 to profuse flowering Type 5.Highly significant correlations were obtained between per cent winterkilling during the first winter with per cent non-flowering plant Type 1 (r = −0.90 and −0.95 during 2 years), per cent of flowering plant Type 5 (r = +0.92 and +0.80), and the total per cent of non-flowering plants (r = −0.90 and −0.94). Flowering response can be used with a high degree of reliability in establishing the probable persistence of new strains relative to standard varieties and as a selection criterion for hardy plants.
INHERITANCE OF LOOSE SMUT RESISTANCE: II. INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE IN THREE BARLEY VARIETIES TO RACES 1, 2, AND 3 OF USTILAGO NUDA (JENS.) ROSTR.
Authors: Metcalfe D. R. , Johnston W. H.
Published: March 2010

The inheritance of resistance of the barley varieties Br. 5479–754, a derivative of Jet (C.I. 967), PR28, a derivative of C.I. 4966, and Valkie (C.I. 5748) to races 1, 2 and 3 of Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. was studied. The genes for resistance in all varieties were dominant in effect. Resistance to races 2 and 3 in Br. 5479–754 was due to a single gene and resistance to race 1 to duplicate genes. A single gene in PR28 controlled resistance to all three races. Valkie proved susceptible to race 2 and had single and independent genes for resistance to each of races 1 and 3. The genes for resistance to the various smut races in each variety was independent of those in the other two.The winter barley variety C.I. 4966 is a valuable new source of immunity to U. nuda.
SALT TOLERANCE OF RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS IN RELATION TO TALL WHEATGRASS AND SLENDER WHEATGRASS
Authors: Rauser W. E. , Crowle W. L.
Published: March 2010

Salt tolerance of Russian wild ryegrass was compared with that of tall wheatgrass and slender wheatgrass in controlled germination experiments and in a field trial. There appeared to be specific salt toxicity when Russian wild ryegrass was germinated in saline saturation soil extracts and sodium sulphate solutions. However, the absolute germination of this species was intermediate between that of tall wheatgrass and slender wheatgrass in the osmotic range up to 12.15 atmospheres. In the field it was found that Russian wild ryegrass would establish, persist, and produce well in soil concentrations giving osmotic pressures up to 4.5 atmospheres (12 mmhos/cm. conductivity). Although the salt tolerance of Russian wild ryegrass was not as great as that of tall wheatgrass, it was quite comparable to that of Primar slender wheatgrass and above previously recognized levels.
NOTE ON A NON-PATHOGENIC CANKER OF FLAX SEEDLINGS — AN INTERPRETATION
Authors: Vanterpool T. C.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A PHOTOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING LIGHT TIGHTNESS OF A GROWTH CABINET
Authors: Voisey Peter W. , Jackson Ross
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON AN ADDITION TO THE BIOCHEMISTRY AND GENETICS OF COUMARINS IN SWEET CLOVERS
Authors: Freyman S. , Brink V. C.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON THE EFFECT OF A SINGLE INTENSIVE CULTIVATION ON THE COMPOSITION OF AN OLD BLUEBERRY STAND
Authors: Hall Ivan V.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A PORTABLE COMPRESSED-AIR SPRAYER FOR APPLYING HERBICIDES ALONG ROWS OF TREES AND HEDGES
Authors: Clarke H. , Grover R.
Published: March 2010

not available
NOTE ON A QUICK CHANGE CYLINDER SPEED CONTROL FOR THE KEMP THRESHER
Authors: Thompson J. L.
Published: March 2010

not available
INFLUENCE OF CULTURE SOLUTION TEMPERATURE ON UPTAKE OF RADIOCALCIUM BY FLUE-CURED TOBACCO
Authors: McEvoy E. T.
Published: March 2010

Ca45 uptake by flue-cured tobacco increased significantly with increase in root temperature from 20° to 30 °C. during a 6-day absorption period. A further temperature increase to 35 °C. resulted in a non-significant difference in Ca45 uptake. The increase in Ca45 uptake with increasing temperature was not related to increase in root growth during the absorption period.
FORAGE PRODUCTION WITH DIFFERENT CLIPPING FREQUENCIES OF RYE AND OATS ALONE AND IN MIXTURES IN THE GREENHOUSE
Authors: Warren F. S. , Riordon H. A. , Langille J. E.
Published: March 2010

Roxton and Scotian oats and Tetra Petkus, Dominant and Sangaste fall rye were grown alone and in mixtures in the greenhouse. Two plant densities and two frequencies of cutting for forage were compared. Four plants per gallon crock gave similar results to eight plants in forage and root production. Clipping every 2 weeks resulted in less forage and root growth than clipping every 4 weeks, particularly for oats. Rye varieties produced more forage under frequent clipping than did oats while oats were more productive than rye with less frequent clipping. Mixtures were no better than either rye alone cut every 2 weeks or oats alone cut every 4 weeks. Forage in the mixtures was composed largely of rye. Rye varieties differed significantly in forage and root growth with Dominant giving the highest yields. Differences between the oat varieties were small.
THE PRECISION OF ROD-ROW TESTS WITH BARLEY GROWN AT THREE TOPOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS AS INFLUENCED BY ALLEVIATING A PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY
Authors: Anderson C. H.
Published: March 2010

At Fort Vermilion during 1960 to 1962, inclusive, Olli barley was grown on low, level and high land using four rates of ammonium-phosphate fertilizer. Increasing rates of fertilizer increased the yield of barley. Fertilizer also increased the precision of the tests for yield with maximum precision generally occurring with the 50-pound-per-acre rate. The widest range in coefficients of variation over the 3-year period occurred on high land followed by level land and the least range on low land. With the exception of low land the greatest annual range in precision occurred with the unfertilized plots.
THE EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIN AND TEMPERATURE ON THE GERMINATION OF SEED OF BELLS OF IRELAND
Authors: Trelawny J. G. S. , Ballantyne D. J.
Published: March 2010

Gibberellic acid (GA) at constant temperatures partially replaced the alternate temperatures required to break dormancy of intact seed of Bells of Ireland (Moluccella laevis L.). In the presence of GA optimum germination occurred at 10 °C. and declined to almost nil at 25 °C. When 2-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 10−5 M. was combined with GA the effect on germination at 20 °C. was synergistic. Higher concentrations of NAA antagonized the stimulatory effect of GA. All excised embryos germinated whether from chilled or unchilled seed. Embryos with attached endosperms from chilled seed showed a marked increase in germination over those from unchilled seed. GA induced 100 per cent germination of embryos with attached endosperms, irrespective of chilling, at 20 °C, but not at 25 °C. The presence of the pericarp completely prevented the germination of untreated seed at constant temperatures. Chilling whole seeds for 6 weeks at 5 °C. greatly enhanced penetration of external solutions to the embryo.
INHERITANCE OF ACIDITY IN TOMATOES
Authors: Walkof C. , Hyde R. B.
Published: March 2010

High acidity was highly heritable and dominant in segregating generations of the tomato cross, Morden WO24MD × Early Lethbridge. Plants with highly acid fruits and those with fruits low in acid occurred in approximately 3:1 and 1:1 proportions in the F2 and backcross generations, indicating monofactorial control. A one-factor, inheritance hypothesis was supported also by quantitative analyses. Tomatoes normally high in acid at Morden, Manitoba, had a lower acidity during the cool and moist weather of 1962 than those grown in the warm and dry season of 1961. This did not seriously impede, in 1962, the selection of plants with high-acid fruits.
THE EFFECT OF SWATHING AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF MATURITY ON THE MALTING QUALITY OF BARLEY
Authors: Dew D. A. , Bendelow V. M.
Published: March 2010

Tests conducted at Lacombe, Alberta, indicate barley may be harvested at a stage of maturity indicated by a kernel moisture content of 35 per cent, without any significant effect on malting quality. The per cent heavy grade and 1000-kernel weight increased rapidly till approximately 40 per cent kernel moisture was reached and showed little change from there to maturity. Barley nitrogen and saacharifying activity increased slightly throughout the complete range. The per cent extract was not consistent, some tests showing a slight increase and some showing a slight decrease with approaching maturity.
A LABORATORY EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES FOR USE IN SMOKE GENERATORS
Authors: Lockhart C. L.
Published: March 2010

Seven fungicides were smoked in electrically operated smoke generators and their deposits were evaluated for toxicity to the germination of spores of Monilinia fructicola. Botran, captan, dodine, dichlone and Phaltan were consistently fungitoxic; sulphur and thiram gave variable results and maneb was non-toxic. Dosage-response curves for smoke deposits of Botran, dichlone, dodine and Phaltan paralleled those of the parent fungicides but the materials differed in efficiency of burning and in proportion of active fungicide deposited. Smoke deposits of Botran, dichlone and dodine were non-phytotoxic to tomato plants at concentrations above their ED50 values, whereas captan and Phaltan were phytotoxic at concentrations below their ED50 values.
THE EFFECT OF DATE OF SEEDING ON A NUMBER OF PLANT CHARACTERISTICS FOR FIVE FLAX VARIETIES
Authors: Spratt E. D. , McKenzie R. I. H. , Martin A. L. D.
Published: March 2010

Date-of-seeding experiments were carried on at Indian Head, Saskatchewan, from 1954 to 1960, using three late maturing varieties, Redwood, Rocket and B 5128, and two early varieties, Marine and Raja. The varietal yields varied much more among dates than among years. The highest yields from both early- and late-maturing varieties were obtained by planting early. Very late seeding generally resulted in extremely low yields of the late-maturing varieties, while the early-maturing varieties produced a paying crop. With the exception of the late dates of seeding, the late-maturing varieties outyielded the early-maturing varieties of flax.The number of seeds per boll appeared to be a stable varietal characteristic and there were distinct differences among some varieties.Date-of-seeding affected plant height, with all varieties being taller when seeded late. The number of days to maturity differed with dates of seeding but did not affect the ranking of varieties for this characteristic.
NOTE ON BEAVER ALFALFA
Authors: Bolton J. L. , Peake R. W. , Downey R. K.
Published: March 2010

not available
PENETRATION OF AND PERSISTENCE IN SOIL OF THE HERBICIDE ATRAZINE
Authors: Birk L. A. , Roadhouse F. E. B.
Published: March 2010

A study was made of the soil penetration and persistence of atrazine applied to a loam soil in June, 1960, and again to a second series of plots in June, 1961, at rates ranging from 2 to 20 lb/ac (active). A few of the plots were planted to corn; the rest left fallow. Residual concentrations at 0–1 in., 1–2, 2–4, 4–6, and 6–8 in. were determined by chemical analysis.In both experiments, at the end of the first sampling season, approximately 90% of the residual atrazine was present in the 0–2 in. depth, most still being concentrated in the 0–1 in. layer. One year after treatment, the above was still true except for those plots which had grown corn. When the above results were compared with those of a similar study with simazine, the rate and extent of soil penetration was found to be quite similar.At the end of the first sampling season there was an appreciably greater residue remaining in the corn plots than in the similarly treated fallow plots, an average for both experiments of 43.8% of applied atrazine vs. 18.3%. The difference was very probably due to the much drier soil which was characteristic of the corn plots during the season. By the end of the first year this difference was much less, 8.1% vs. 6.0%. When the persistence results were compared with those of similarly treated plots in the simazine study it was found that the atrazine disappeared from the soil considerably more rapidly.
THE EFFECT OF GRAFT-WOUND PROTECTANTS ON THE ESTABLISHMENT AND STRENGTH OF SCIONS ON FRAMEWORKED APPLE TREES
Authors: Hilton R. J. , Bhar D. S. , Teskey B. J. E.
Published: March 2010

McIntosh apple scions were framework-grafted into scaffolds of four mature Northern Spy seedling trees. The union areas and scion tips were protected with one of: two grafting waxes, an asphalt emulsion, or three adhesive tapes such as are used for electrical work or general mending. After 1 season’s growth, records of scion "take" and vigor, and of the strength-at-union, were analysed to determine influences of the various desiccation barriers. In general the materials were effective for their intended use, but the asphalt emulsion and an impregnated fabric-base friction tape were associated with scion "take" and vigor that were relatively poor. Of these two materials, the tape was associated with a significant reduction in the force required to break the scions away from the stock branches. It is evident that modern plastic tapes may be used effectively to prevent tissue desiccation in framework-grafting deciduous trees.
EFFECT OF RASPBERRY CROWN BORER, BEMBECIA MARGINATA, ON YIELD OF LOGANBERRIES
Authors: Raine J.
Published: March 2010

During a 4-year period, loganberry plants artificially infested with eggs of the raspberry crown borer produced significantly less fruit than a similar number of plants kept free of borers by drenching with Diazinon. The average annual loss per acre was 461 lb of fruit worth $70.
INFLUENCE OF TIME OF SEEDING ON ESTABLISHMENT AND PERSISTENCE OF SPECIES, AND YIELD OF FORAGE MIXTURES
Authors: Langille J. E. , Warren F. S.
Published: March 2010

Satisfactory results were obtained from seeding forage mixtures at any of four dates at successive 2-week intervals between the end of May and July 15. For each of the four subsequent seeding dates substantial yield reductions occurred. The loss in yield between the fourth and the eighth seeding date averaged 45, 25, and 15% for the first, second, and third harvest years respectively for a seed mixture including timothy, alfalfa, red clover, and alsike. Corresponding yield reductions for a mixture of bromegrass, alfalfa, and ladino clover were 75, 25, and 15%. In each case the loss in the third year amounted to.65 tons of dry matter per acre. Legume establishment and contribution were greatly reduced at the later seeding dates as indicated by inclined point quadrat surveys. Timothy performed somewhat better than did bromegrass at the later planting dates and both responded better than legumes to delayed planting. Weed and bare ground amounts were greater with each successive planting date. By the end of the third harvest year species composition differences attributable to planting date were practically eliminated.
DAMAGE TO FLAX BY 2,4-D AND MCPA APPLIED IN DIFFERENT VOLUMES OF WATER
Authors: Molberg E. S.
Published: March 2010

Injury to flax caused by 2,4-D and MCPA was decreased by increasing the volume of water applied with the herbicides. The crop recovered from initial injury and average yields were not reduced by any of the treatments. The only deleterious effect of the herbicides was a delay in maturity which increased the risk of damage from frost and unfavorable harvest weather. As the spray volume was decreased from 15 to 5 to 2.5 gal/ac delays in maturity were increased. Except in 1959 it was possible to apply an amine of 2,4-D or an ester of MCPA at 8 oz/ac without delaying maturity by using 15 gallons of spray per acre.
A SIMPLE MEASURE OF PHYSICAL STRENGTH OF CURED TOBACCO LEAF
Authors: Macdowall F. D. H.
Published: March 2010

The relative tensile strength of tobacco leaf lamina was estimated from simple measurements of the breaking load and the partially compressed thickness, and used to indicate the effects of various conditions on the tensile strength of the material. The relative strength of cured, Canadian flue-cured tobacco leaves ranged from 100 to 1000 p.s.i. cross section. Thin lamina, found in the basal part of the leaf blade and in the lower leaves on the plant, was strongest. The distribution of pectic substances did not explain this difference within a leaf blade. These observations, and an apparent influence of stomatal orientation on the strength of lamina, suggested an important role of the epidermis in the cohesion of lamina. The partial stomatal alignment, particularly in the lower epidermis, is presumed to have resulted from mechanical stresses exerted by adjoining tissues during growth. A significant difference was indicated between the relative strengths of lamina from two cultivars of tobacco.
THE EMERGENCE AND PLANT DEVELOPMENT OF WILD BUCKWHEAT (POLYGONUM CONVOLVULUS)
Authors: Forsberg D. E. , Best K. F.
Published: March 2010

Greatest emergence of wild buckwheat was obtained from seed planted at the [Formula: see text]- to 2-in. depth of soil. Emergence occurred throughout the growing season, the peak being in May and early June. Less than 15% of the original infestation emerged during the first [Formula: see text] years in the soil. Flowers, immature seed, and mature seed were present on the same plants from August to the end of the growing season. Seed production per plant declined progressively from 30,000 for the mid-April seeding to 15,000 for the mid-June seeding.
THE INHERITANCE OF ERUCIC ACID CONTENT IN RAPESEED (BRASSICA NAPUS)
Authors: Harvey B. L. , Downey R. K.
Published: March 2010

Genetic analysis of F2, F3, and backcross populations supported the hypothesis that erucic acid content in seed oil of plants of Brassica napus L. is governed by two genes displaying no dominance and acting in an additive manner. Environment appeared to influence erucic acid content, especially in genotypes capable of producing a large amount of this acid. Methods for the breeding of plants of Brassica campestris L. with zero erucic acid are outlined and it is suggested that similar methods could be used to breed for or against other fatty acids.
MERCURY RESROUES IN POTATOES IN RELATION TO FOLIAR SPRAYS OF PHENYL MERCURY CHLORIDE
Authors: Ross R. G. , Stewart D. K. R.
Published: March 2010

When different numbers of sprays of MCO (mercurized copper oxychloride) were applied to potato foliage at different times during the growing season, the accumulation of mercury in the foliage was approximately proportional to the number of sprays and the interval following application. This relationship did not apply to the mercury residues in the tubers where the mercury accumulated during the period of rapid increase in tuber size. Varying the number of sprays early in the season did not significantly change the amount of mercury in the tubers but smaller tuber residues were present where only late sprays were applied. Mercury appeared to accumulate in the tubers by translocation from the foliage.
EFFECT OF IRRIGATED CROP ROTATIONS ON YIELD AND SOIL FERTILITY
Authors: Dubetz S. , Hill K. W.
Published: March 2010

Crop yields and soil analyses were compared from three 4-year, two 5-year, and two 7-year rotations. The yields of potatoes from the seven rotations were not significantly different. Barley was grown in six rotations and the yields from these were not significantly different. The yield of sugar beets from the one rotation that did not receive any manure was significantly lower than those from the other six rotations. In the rotation in which sweet corn followed sweet clover green manure the yields were significantly lower than those from the other six rotations, where the corn followed sugar beets. This presumably was a result of the phytotoxicity of the decomposing clover. Good husbandry practices such as manure and fertilizer application evidently overshadow the effect of rotations on the yields of irrigated crops. The organic matter and nitrogen of the surface 6 in. of soil were maintained in the rotations that included 3 years of alfalfa or alfalfa–brome mixture. These soil constituents were not maintained with a single year of alfalfa or with a partial green manure crop.
RELATIONSHIPS OF SOME GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE GRASS SPECIES
Authors: Smoliak S.
Published: March 2010

A number of characters related to the productivity of Stipa comata, Koeleria cristata, and Agropyron smithii plants were studied at four locations for 2 years at two stages of maturity. Measurements of basal area, maximum total and leaf height, and wrapped diameter were taken. Number of flowering stalks and weight were recorded.Differences in environment at the four locations did not affect maximum total height of groups of Stipa comata and Koeleria cristata plants, weight of Stipa comata plants or basal area, maximum leaf height, number of flowering stalks, and weight of Agropyron smithii plants. Year differences influenced maximum total height, number of flowering stalks, and weight of each species. Mature Stipa comata and Agropyron smithii plants were taller than those at anthesis. Maximum leaf height and maximum total height were closely correlated with weight of each of the three species. Wrapped diameter was closely correlated with weight of Stipa comata and Agropyron smithii plants, while number of flowering stalks and basal area were closely correlated with maximum total height of Koeleria cristata plants.
CONTROL OF VARIATION WITHIN PLOTS IN WINTER SURVIVAL TRIALS OF WHEAT AND RYE
Authors: Grant M. N.
Published: March 2010

Variations in survival of winter wheat and winter rye were controlled among rows within plots by applying the principle of uniform packing through use of the Smith–Bergen Plotmaster seeder. Thus a source of serious bias in varietal comparisons for winterhardiness was largely eliminated.
BLOAT INVESTIGATIONS: II. A COMPARISON OF THE TRUE PROTEIN AND ELEMENT CONTENTS OF ALFALFA HAY FROM BLOATING AND NON-BLOATING FARMS
Authors: Miltimore J. E. , McArthur J. M. , Mason J. L. , Carson R. B.
Published: March 2010

Alfalfa samples at the hay stage of development were harvested by hand from 35 farms where bloat was a serious problem and from 38 farms where bloat did not occur even on lush legume pastures. The samples were analysed for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, calcium, magnesium, and true protein. There were no differences in the mean contents of these constituents between bloating and non-bloating farms. There were wide ranges within both types of farm; true protein for example varied from 7.3 to 14.6% in alfalfa from bloating farms, with a similar range from 7.7 to 16.9% from non-bloating farms. Correlation coefficients revealed a significant association between nitrogen and phosphorus (.488) in alfalfa from non-bloating farms. There were significant associations between sulphur and nitrogen (.366) and between sulphur and protein (.707) in alfalfa from bloating farms. This correlation between sulphur and protein was the only coefficient that was significantly different from the corresponding correlation coefficient for non-bloating farms.
PASTURE AND FODDER ATTRIBUTES OF OAT VARIETIES
Authors: Heinrichs D. H. , Harris G. K.
Published: March 2010

Oat varieties recommended for grain production in Saskatchewan were evaluated for relative pasture and fodder attributes on dry land and irrigated land. The results showed that there were no significant differences in forage yield between any of them but that several did differ significantly in protein content. The total yield of forage was greatest if harvesting was done once, at maturity only, but the protein yield was the lowest. In regrowth potential the varieties differed little from one another at any stage. All varieties displayed a much better capacity for regrowth if cut before the flowering stage than after. Varieties differed in resistance to being pulled out of the soil, Fortune requiring the most force and Exeter the least. The overall results showed little advantage of any one variety over another for hay and pasture use.
LOW COST, EFFICIENT PLANT GROWTH CHAMBERS
Authors: Benedict W. G.
Published: March 2010

Plant growth chambers adaptable for providing a wide range of controlled environmental conditions for plant physiological and phytopathological investigations are described and illustrated. The blueprints will be published separately. These papers provide some useful ideas for local construction of low cost, efficient units in universities and colleges where budgets cannot adequately cover such research facilities.
APHID DISSEMINATION OF STRAWBERRY VIRUSES IN NOVA SCOTIA
Authors: Craig D. L. , Stultz H. T.
Published: March 2010

In Nova Scotia, strawberry virus disease symptoms appeared in 12% of the Fragaria vesca L. (EMC) plants present in faunal study plots planted in 1961 and in 14% in plots planted in 1962.Latent-C virus and mottle virus were the dominant diseases and were present in approximately equal numbers of the indicator plants. A smaller number of indicator planes were dwarfed but otherwise free of symptoms associated with previously described virus diseases.Known vectors present in the plots included Rhodobium porosum (Sanderson), Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Aulacorthum solani (Kalt.), Amphorophura rubi (Kalt.), and Pentatrichopus minor (Forbes). R. porosum was the dominant species.
INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO ERYSIPHE GRAMINIS F. SP. HORDEI IN BARLEY: I. THE INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE IN TWO VARIETIES IMMUNE TO RACE 8
Authors: Loiselle R.
Published: March 2010

The inheritance of resistance to a culture of race 8 of powdery mildew was studied in the resistant barley varieties Ottawa 5069-40 and B294. Ottawa 5069-40 possesses one dominant gene for resistance which is probably the gene from the variety Duplex. B294 possesses two dominant genes for resistance. The three resistance genes are inherited independently. No linkage was detected between the resistance genes and the genes for row number, awn type, and rachilla hair length.
THE EFFECT OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES ON THE YIELD OF PROCESSING TOMATOES
Authors: Sayre R. M. , Toyama T. K.
Published: March 2010

In field tests, yields of the processing tomato variety Campbell 135 were not significantly reduced by slight to moderate infestations of the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 and M. hapla Chitwood, 1949.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC TREATMENTS AND CROP ROTATION ON SOIL POPULATIONS OF PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS IN STRAWBERRY CULTURE
Authors: Morgan G. T. , Collins W. B.
Published: March 2010

As a source of organic material in strawberry culture, composted timothy hay resulted in the greatest depression of soil populations of root lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb. 1917) Filip & Stek., 1941. In contrast, actively growing timothy sod caused the largest increase in soil nematodes.In a crop rotation, timothy also resulted in high populations of P. penetrans while beans lowered the numbers appreciably.
COMPARAISON DE DEUX METHODES POUR DETERMINER LE MOMENT D’IRRIGUER LE TABAC JAUNE
Authors: Allard J. , Richard J. , Bélanger J. A.
Published: March 2010

not available
MAGNETISM AND PLANT GROWTH: II. EFFECT ON ROOT GROWTH OF CEREALS
Authors: Pittman U. J.
Published: March 2010

Most roots of Kharkov 22 M.C., Vakka, Jones Fife, Norin 62, Werla, and Capelle winter wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) and of Chinook spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) orientated themselves in a plane approximately parallel to the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field when grown in stationary pots at Lethbridge, Alta. Similarly, the roots of Kharkov 22 M.C. grown at St. John’s, Nfld., orientated themselves in approximately this same plane. In contrast, the roots of common fall rye (Secale cereale L.) were omni-directional.The roots of winter and spring wheats, oats (Avena sativa L.), and fall rye grown in a magneto-klinostat at Lethbridge orientated themselves in a plane approximately parallel to the lines of force of an introduced magnetic field that intersected the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field at right angles.A critical level of magnetic intensity may be necessary before the tropism occurs. This level probably differs between species and varieties.
A SELECTION OF BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS L. CONTAINING NO ERUCIC ACID IN ITS SEED OIL
Authors: Downey R. K.
Published: March 2010

not available
AN EVALUATION OF 15 GRASS SPECIES AS FORAGE CROPS FOR SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN
Authors: Lawrence T. , Troelsen J. E.
Published: March 2010

Fifteen grass species were evaluated for dry-matter yield, protein content, in vitro digestibility of cellulose, and winterhardiness. Of these species only Agropyron cristatum and Elymus junceus are used extensively as cultivated forage crops in the prairie area. E. excelsus, E. giganteus, E. sibiricus, and E. striatus appeared to possess fairly high forage-yielding potential as they produced nearly as much as A. cristatum in the first crop year. E. sabulosus and Stipa tenacissima lacked drought tolerance but may give satisfactory yields in moist areas. The other species yielded less forage, generally in the range of production typified by E. junceus. The cellulose digestibility of E. angustus was similar to that of E. akmolinensis and E. junceus. However, E. angustus contained less crude protein than these two species. S. viridula exhibited qualities between those of A. cristatum and E. junceus, and since its yielding capacity and drought resistance were quite good, this species should be reasonably useful for forage production. Of the 12 Elymus species, E. angustus showed the best possibilities of becoming a useful forage crop on dry land for late fall and winter grazing. After the severe drought of 1961, E. arenarius, E. excelsus, E. giganteus, E. sibiricus, E. striatus, and E. virginicus killed out completely and should therefore be considered of doubtful usefulness as cultivated forage crops in a semi-arid, cold climate despite other attributes they may possess.
FORCING OF RHUBARB UNDER LIGHTS
Authors: Chipman E. W. , Hope G. W.
Published: March 2010

Rhubarb forced under blue light produced an earlier crop, with more and better colored petioles than plants grown in the dark. The most effective spectral range for forcing was between 400 and 490 mμ. Soluble solids in sauces made from light-treated petioles were higher than in those from petioles grown in the dark, but sauce color did not differ.
IRRIGATED GRASS–LEGUME MIXTURES AS SUMMER PASTURE FOR YEARLING STEERS
Authors: Hubbard W. A. , Nicholson H. H.
Published: March 2010

Average annual gains of 748 and 853 lb were made by long-yearling steers on irrigated pastures at Kamloops, B.C., in 1958 to 1960, during grazing seasons of 121 and 131 days’ duration. A comparison was made using three grass–legume mixtures, namely, bromegrass–orchardgrass and ladino clover, bromegrass–orchardgrass and alfalfa, and Reed canary grass – orchardgrass and ladino clover. The feed efficiency based on pounds of dry matter consumed per pound of gain was superior for the bromegrass – orchardgrass – ladino clover mixture. There were no significant differences between daily animal gains on the three mixtures. Neither forage production calculated for TDN nor calculated animal TDN showed satisfactory comparative relationship to beef productivity of the three pasture mixtures.From the data it appears that beef production is limited by the forage potential. Rate of stocking, whereby the forage and animal potentials may be equated, deserve further study.
INTERACTIONS IN FORAGE YIELD TRIALS
Authors: Wilson D. B.
Published: March 2010

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects on forage yield of interactions between a few common management treatments and herbage mixtures. Relative yields of the species and mixtures under comparison varied with the amount of fertilizer applied, stage of growth prior to harvest, stubble height, and seeding method. The response of grass to nitrogen fertilization varied with the height of stubble left after harvest. It was concluded that interactions may occur in the simplest of forage yield tests because of the treatments used. Possible methods of avoiding interactions are discussed.
EFFECT OF VARYING DEGREE OF SOIL MANIPULATION ON YIELD OF UPLAND PADDY (ORYZA SATIVA) AND ON ASSOCIATED WEEDS
Authors: Pande H. K. , Bhan V. M.
Published: March 2010

Eight levels of soil manipulations broadly classified in three groups (I) dibbling, (II) plow-planting, and (III) plowing, harrowing, and planting were tried on lateritic sandy clay loam soil of West Bengal (India) over a 2-year period, 1961–62, to ascertain the minimum level of tillage required for upland paddy, without sacrificing the yield.Plowing, harrowing, and planting of the soil (group III) significantly increased the grain yield and number of fertile tillers per meter row over the treatments of dibbling (group I) and plow-planting (group II). The latter treatments did not effectively reduce weed infestation, while the former brought about somewhat better control and the crop attained better growth, comparatively weed-free. The growth factors, height, leaf area, and dry matter, were directly related to grain yield with high correlation coefficients. Among the three treatments of group III, the treatment of one plowing with moldboard plow, one harrowing with disk harrow, and planting, gave yields very close to the conventional tillage, i.e. plowing four times with country plow, harrowing, and planting. Hence, the former is considered to be the minimum requirement of soil manipulation for this crop.
FURTHER EVIDENCE OF POLLEN TRANSMISSION OF NECROTIC RING SPOT AND SOUR CHERRY YELLOWS VIRUSES IN SOUR CHERRY
Authors: George J. A. , Davidson T. R.
Published: March 2010

not available
FURTHER STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF A WHITE SURFACE MULCH ON GROWTH OF SWEET CLOVER IN THE GREENHOUSE
Authors: Read D. W. L. , Ashford R.
Published: March 2010

not available
PRESERVATION OF BLUEBERRY POLLEN BY THE FREEZE-DRYING PROCESS
Authors: Wood G. W. , Barker W. G.
Published: March 2010

not available
ROOT AND STALK ROT OF CORN IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO: III. SUGAR LEVELS AS A MEASURE OF PLANT VIGOR AND RESISTANCE
Authors: Mortimore C. G. , Ward G. M.
Published: March 2010

Chemical analysis of corn plant tissues showed that high levels of soluble sugars in the pith at physiological maturity are associated with resistance to root and stalk rot. A hybrid resistant to the disease had a higher sugar content than a susceptible hybrid when grown under recommended cultural practices. Treatments which predisposed plants to stalk rot, namely, high population densities and late defoliation, caused a reduction in sugars. Treatments which increased resistance, namely, prevention of kernel development and low population densities, resulted in maintenance or increase of sugars in the pith. The relation of these findings to stress and stalk rot incidence is discussed.
EFFECT OF VARYING CONCENTRATIONS OF OXYGEN WITH AND WITHOUT CO2 ON SENESCENT CHANGES IN STORED McINTOSH APPLES GROWN UNDER TWO LEVELS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION
Authors: Eaves C. A. , Forsyth F. R. , Leefe J. S. , Lockhart C. L.
Published: March 2010

McIntosh apples from trees having a high and low content of N as determined by leaf analysis were stored in modified atmospheres of zero, 5, or 7% CO2 in a range of O2 levels from 2.5 to 20%. Fruit from the low N trees was highly susceptible to core-browning in the presence of CO2 at all O2 concentrations above 2.5%, and in contrast the disorder appeared to be reduced by CO2 in the high N fruit. Firmness, soluble solids, and acids were higher with CO2 than without CO2. Low N apples softened significantly faster than high N fruit at all O2 concentrations. The presence of 5%, CO2 reduced the number of fungal rots. The reduction in O2 levels without CO2 had a marked beneficial effect in the control of fungal rotting.
A COMPARISON OF THREE PLOT SIZES IN STUDIES OF HOST RESISTANCE TO THE WHEAT STEM SAWFLY
Authors: McKenzie Hugh , Holmes N. D. , Peterson L. K. , Grant M. N.
Published: March 2010

not available
A COMPARISON OF SEEDING RATES IN STUDIES OF HOST RESISTANCE TO THE WHEAT STEM SAWFLY
Authors: McKenzie Hugh , Grant M. N.
Published: March 2010

not available
THE INHERITANCE OF ERUCIC ACID CONTENT IN RAPESEED (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS)
Authors: Dorrell D. G. , Downey R. K.
Published: March 2010

Reciprocal crosses were made between a plant of Brassica campestris L. containing no erucic acid in its seed oil and two plants of the Indian varieties Yellow and Brown Sarson grown from seed containing approximately 59% erucic acid. The erucic acid content in the oil from F1 embryos was intermediate between the parents indicating embryonic control of the synthesis of this acid. Seed oil analysis of F2, F3, and backcross populations supported the hypothesis that erucic acid synthesis is controlled by a single non-dominant gene. Analysis of oil extracted from immature and partially germinated seed showed that erucic acid content was highest in fully matured non-germinated seed.
TRENDS IN DAMAGE BY WIREWORMS (COLEOPTERA: ELATERIDAE) IN GRAIN CROPS IN SASKATCHEWAN, 1954–1961
Authors: Burrage R. H.
Published: March 2010

Survey of grain crops in Saskatchewan showed that most of the serious damage by wireworms occurred in the western two-thirds of the province. The average damage for ail soil and cropping conditions was greatest in wheat, less in barley, and least in oats. Serious damage occurred occasionally in barley and oats. With wheat and barley, damage was generally greater on summer-fallow than on stubble, and greater in medium-textured soils than in heavy soils. With oats there were some deviations from this pattern. Damage in wheat on summerfallow declined gradually from 1954 to 1961, but the proportion of fields showing some wireworm damage remained fairly constant. Thus, in spite of the widespread use of chemical seed treatments, the potential wireworm hazard has not diminished.