bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of ferric-silicon coagulant-flocculant of electric steel smelting slag for leachate treatment of communal solid waste landfills
Authors: A. Vasilenko T , A. Koltun A
Published: May 2018

In the Russian Federation the most common way of disposal of waste products is landfill. One of its drawbacks is the formation of highly contaminated filtration water. It was made an attempt to treat the leachate with a ferric coagulant-flocculant obtained from the electric steel smelting slag after the acid treatment with hydrochloric acid (the modification time of 1.5 N HCl at 40 °C is no more than 1 hour). To improve the treatment efficiency of highly contaminated leachate it was analysed  a simultaneous application of the obtained coagulant-flocculant and conventional coagulants Al(SO4)2 and ferric chloride). It was shown a decrease in the values of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 94.4%, the color of the leachate by (91.3%). It was  studied the physical and chemical properties of the filtration waters of the waste disposal landfill, as well as the dependence of the formation of the precipitable sediment volume on the portion of the injected coagulants and flocculant.
Nonlinear Vibration of Microbeams Based on The Elastics Foundation Using High-Order Energy Balance Method and Global Error Minimization Method
Authors: V. Hieu D
Published: May 2018

In this paper, nonlinear vibration of microbeams based on the nonlinear  elastic  foundation  is  investigated. The  equation  of motion of microbeams based on three-layered nonlinear elastic medium (shear, linear and nonlinear layers) is described by the partial differential equation by using the modified couple stress theory.  The equation of motion of microbeams is transformed  into the ordinary differential equation by using Galerkin method. The high-order Energy Balance  method and the high-order Global Error Minimization method are  used  to  get  the  frequency –  amplitude relationships  for  the  nonlinear  vibration  of  microbeams  with pinned-pinned  and  clamped-clamped  end  conditions. Comparisons between the present solutions and the privious solutions  show  the  accuracy  of  the  obtained  results.
Оrganisation of technological safety of production on military industrial complex
Authors: O N Andreeva
Published: May 2018

The urgency of the major scientific problem of the research and development of scientific-methodical, information-analytical and software for monitoring and managing technogenic risks for electronic industry enterprises (EIE) is solved in the dissertation work, the goal and tasks of the research are determined, the main theoretical and practical results of the thesis are presented. The conceptual and terminological apparatus for monitoring and managing technogenic risks for EIE is formulated.
Security Techniques for Wormhole Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Singh Surinder , Singh Saini Hardeep
Published: May 2018

The wireless sensor network has group of sensors which can sense the data and route this data to base station. As there is no physical connection between sensor and base station the important data can be routed without wires. The broadcast nature of wireless sensor network makes it prone to security threat to the valuable data. The attacker node can detect the data by creating their own data aggregation and routing mechanism .The number of attacks can be possible on the network layer. Out of these attacks wormhole is one of the major attack which can change the routing method of the whole wireless sensor network. In this attack,the attacker node can control the packet transmission of whole network and route it to the tunnel of nodes. The major drawback of this attack is to increase the packet drop and disturbing the routing mechanism. A number of security techniques are developed by the researcher to reduce the packet drop ratio and secure the routing mechanism of the network. Out of all thesetechniquesfew related to packet drop ratio are discussed in this paper. TheLightweight countermeasure for the wormhole attack (LITEWORP) based on Dynamic Source routing (DSR) protocol security technique,Delay Per Hop Indication (Delphi) based on AODV(Avoidance Routing Protocol) Protocol security technique and MOBIWORP based on DSRprotocol security technique reduce the packet loss percentage 40%,43% and 35% respectively.
Scientific and economic support for construction development in the countryside of Ukraine
Authors: Azhaman Iryna , Nataliya Telichko
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to the concept-categorical apparatus concerning scientific and economic support of industrial and civil construction development in the countryside ofUkraine. The author defines concepts of scientific and economic provision, development, countryside, construction. On the basis of generalization of theoretical studies’ results, the author's interpretation of the essence of construction development in the countryside is provided, where the latter is considered as a dynamic process, a movement to acquisition of qualitatively new parameters and properties by industrial and civil construction in rural areas, which will be carried out in accordance with achievements of scientific and technological progress in the field of construction and will promote: satisfaction of individual and social needs of rural subjects, sustainable development of rural areas, forming positive image of rural areas and the country in conditions of globalization and integration. Subjects and objects of construction activity are defined. Types of construction in the countryside ofUkraineare highlighted.
Laboratory 3D printing system
Authors: V. Mironov Anton , O. Mariyanac Aleksandra , A. Mironova Olga , K. Popov Vladimir
Published: May 2018

Present work describes the results of the development of the universal system, which capable to utilize varies 3D printing methodologies. The main goal of the study is to provide cheap, versatile and easy expandable equipment for multiple purpose research in the field of material science. 3D printing system was experimentally validated for fused deposition modeling, hydrogel, liquid dispensing and drop-on-demand printing, as well as 3D photopolymerisation by UV laser and/or LED light using different types of materials.
Information model of registration and analysis of technological factors arising during final processing of products of transport pipeline systems
Authors: Kotukh Volodimir , Kaptsova Nataliy , Pakhomov Yuriy , Kosenko Vitaliy
Published: May 2018

One of the most important technological characteristics of the rubbing surfaces of the shut-off part of the pipe fittings (PF) of the transport pipeline systems (TPS) is their waviness, which is characterized by the deviation of the step of the wave to the height of the micro-roughness. The nature of the waviness is associated with oscillations of the working bodies of the executive devices of the technological equipment in the production process of manufacturing or repairing precision pairs of PF. The waviness of the rubbing surfaces of the PF shut-off part, as well as the high accuracy of their processing, is achieved by increasing the kinematic stiffness of the process equipment, as well as improving the methods and means for the precise processing of the PF precision pairs.
Preliminary Design Investigation of Dual Stator HE FSM using Segmental Rotor
Authors: Ali Hassan , Sulaiman Erwan , Omar Zamri , F. Omar M , Amin Faisal , Khalidah Rahimi S
Published: May 2018

To  drop  the  effect  of  air  transportation  on  the atmosphere  as  well  as  to  advance  fuel  productivity  more-electric aircraft (MEA) architectures is a well-known approach. As the electrical machines are competent to deliver higher torque densities and are foremost for the viability of electrical driving force for aircraft applications. For these reasons a new category of machine has been familiar and published in last decade known as flux switching machine (FSM).  FSMs comprises all excitation sources on stator side without winding robust rotor structure. Additionally, FSMs are classified into three types such as permanent magnet (PM) FSMs, field excitation (FE) FSMs and hybrid excitation (HE) FSMs. PM FSM and FE FSM use  PM  and  FE  coil  for  their  excitation  sources  respectively, whereas both PM and FE coil are  used in HE-FSM for excitation. Afterwards, HE FSMs have shown higher torque to weight ratios with higher efficiency during research in the last decade. Yet, in existing structures of HE FSMs, there is flux cancellation between the fluxes of PMs and FE coil which causes to reduce the performance of machines. Hence, in this paper, a novel structure of dual stator (DS) HE FSM with segmented rotor has been proposed and analyzed.  The main reason of dual stator is to make the separate flow fluxes in HE machines to avoid cancellations. The proposed novel DS HE FSM has a simple structure using dual stators to endorse separate dual excitations to be used in fault conditions. The proposed structure has been analyzed using commercial 2D FEA package, JMAG-designer. Initially, this paper presents the coil test analysis of proposed DS HE FSM to confirm the working principle. Besides, performance analysis has been carried out at no load and load conditions.
Numerical simulation of the fire resistance of composite slabs with steel deck
Authors: A. G. Piloto Paulo , M.S. Prates Lucas , Balsa Carlos , Rigobello Ronaldo
Published: May 2018

This investigation is related with the fire resistance of composite slabs with steel deck. This composite solution consists of a concrete topping cast on the top of a steel deck. The concrete is typically reinforced with a steel mesh and may also contain individual rebars. The deck also acts as reinforcement and may be exposed to accidental fire conditions from the bottom. This composite solution is widely used in every type of buildings and requires fire resistance, in accordance to regulations. The fire resistance is specified by the loadbearing capacity (R), insulation (I) and integrity (E). The fire rating for (R) and (E) is not in the scope of this investigation. The fire rating for insulation (I) is evaluated by two different methods (numerical simulation and simple calculation). The fire rating is calculated for 32 different geometric configuration, in order to evaluate the effect of the thickness of the concrete layer and the thickness of steel deck. The fire resistance (I) increases with the thickness of the concrete when using both methods, but the simple calculation method seems to be unsafe for all the cases, requiring a revision for the formulae presented in Annex D of EN1994-1-2. A new proposal is presented.
Study of Mechanical and Wear Properties of Stir-Cast Al-Si-Cu alloy
Authors: Divakaran Namboodiri Dileep , Ilangovan S
Published: May 2018

The present work deal with an investigation of the mechanical and wear properties of eutectic Al-12.8%Si-2.5%Cu under as cast and homogenized conditions. The alloy was melted in a ceramic crucible, stirred and gravity poured into a metal mold and was then cooled under atmosphere. The stirring parameters include a stirrer speed of 400rpm at a melt temperature of 7500C for about 10 minutes. The cast specimens were homogenized in a nitrogen atmosphere crucible at a temperature of 3500C for 8 hours and furnace cooled to room temperature. The microstructure of as cast and homogenized specimen were studied under SEM. The results of SEM study showed that the Si particles were more evenly dispersed around the a-Al matrix after homogenization. This even dispersion of Si particles led to an increase in the hardness and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy. The dry sliding wear behavior was studied using a pin-on-disc machine. It is seen that the wear rate reduced with increase in sliding speed. The EDAX analysis of worn surface showed the phenomenon of lamination. It is concluded that the oxide layer formation was also a reason for increase in wear resistance of the material.
A preliminary study on the new geotechnical weathering index in the evaluation of altered biotite granite
Authors: Hyun Choi Seung , Whan Oh Chang , Ha Lee Khil , Boo Lee Young , Kyeong Choi Eun , Wook Kim Sung
Published: May 2018

The existing chemical index of alteration has a difficulty to evaluate the degree of weathering in biotite granites due to an assumption that K2O content decreases along with Na2O, CaO, and MgO. We found that relative K2O content increases during weathering of biotite granite, as it is retained within such rocks due to (1) the chemical and physical stability of K-feldspar and (2) the formation of illite via incorporation of K ions released from biotite. The calculated ranges of most chemical indexes for biotite granite weathering do not show a good correlation with the weathering grade except the CIW, WIP and V indexes. The range of the CIW, WIP and V indexes according to the weathering grade were very small, and thus small errors in whole-rock chemical analyses can produce large discrepancies in calculated values. Further, the WPI index is a relative weathering index that depends on the composition of a fresh standard sample and cannot be applied to determine the absolute degree of weathering in granites if no protolith is available. We suggest a new weathering index (BWI; Biotite weathering index) based on a decrease in the number of K ions in the interlayer site of biotite during weathering of granite. Newly calculated values show a much wider range than the CIW, WIP and V indexes with a good relationship with a weathering grade. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the new index for a detailed classification of weathering degree.
Determination of Bending and Axial Compression Young’s Modulus of Cellular Mortar Exposed to High Temperatures
Authors: A. Othuman Mydin M , Mohamad N , Johari I , A. Abdul Samad A
Published: May 2018

This paper focuses on laboratory investigation to scrutinize and portray the Young’s modulus of cellular mortar exposed to high temperatures. Two densities of cellular mortar of 600 and 900 kg/m3 density were cast and tested under axial compression and 3-point bending. The tests were performed at room temperature, 105°C, 205°C, 305°C, 405°C, 505°C, and 605°C. The results of this study consistently indicated that the loss in toughness for cement based material like cellular mortar exposed to high temperatures happens principally after 105°C, irrespective of density of cellular mortar. This specifies that the principal contrivance instigating stiffness deprivation is micro cracking in the cement matrix, which happens as water magnifies and disappears from the porous body. As projected, decreasing the density of cellular mortar diminishes its compressive strength and bending strength. Though, for cellular mortar of different densities, the normalized strength-temperature and Young’s modulus-temperature relationships are comparable.
Implementation of One Dimensional Finite Difference Heat Conduction Method to Quantity Heat Transfer through Lightweight Cellular Mortar
Authors: Azree Othuman Mydin Md , Musa Mazlina
Published: May 2018

This paper accounts the origin of Finite Difference technique (one dimensional) to determine thermal performance of lightweight cellular mortar. This paper will also assimilate the execution of the technique and the reasoning of thermal properties model of lightweight cellular mortar. For this work, a one dimensional finite difference heat conduction simple excel program had been developed to foresee the temperature enlargement via the width of the lightweight cellular mortar system, based on initial approximation of the thermal conductivity properties in relation to the temperature growth in the model as a function of the cellular mortar porosity and the effect of radiation and heat emission surrounded by the voids inside the cement matrix. The accuracy of the developed simple model was then evaluated by equalling prophesied and measured temperature growth assimilated from prototype heat transfer assessment on lightweight cellular mortar system to facilitate the temperature growth of the sample premeditated by the program meticulously bouts those verified through the experimental procedure.
Fabrication of ZnO/ZnO @ carbon dot as photo anode and Natural dye as photosensitizer for dye sensitized solar cell application
Authors: Gopal Andal , Jose Deepa , . Sivagnanam
Published: May 2018

ZnO/ZnO @ carbon dot was hydrothermally synthesized and deposited on indium tin oxide coated glass substrate by doctor blade method for application as working electrode in dye sensitized solar cell. Environment friendly natural dye extracted from Lawsonia inermis leaves was used as photosensitizer to fabricate DSSC. Structural and optical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were studied by X-Ray, UV-Vis, FT-IR and PL spectroscopy. The photovoltaic properties of the cell have been studied and the best solar energy conversion efficiency was obtained.
Modeling of Radio-wave Propagation in Forest by the Method of Parabolic Equation
Authors: S. Mikhailov M , S. Malevich E , A. Permyakov V
Published: May 2018

The influence of forests on the propagation of radio waves is an actual topic of research stimulated by practical tasks related to the operation of various types of communication, radar, radio navigation, geodesy, and remote sensing of the earth's surface. The dependence of the electric field strength modulus of the source above the ground surface is studied in the presence of an obstacle in the form of a forest massif. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the field within the forest with various parameters and forms of forest canopy. A new approach to the task is proposed for the forms of forest canopy, taking into account the type of forest: deciduous, coniferous or mixed. The effective dielectric permittivity is used as a parameter for specifying a forest massif. The propagation of radio waves is calculated using the parabolic equation method for a two-dimensional space model. The implemented methodology allows calculating sanitary protection zones and zones of building restriction, planning to plant or cut down forests for planning the propagation of radio waves taking this into account.
Comparison of beamforming algorithms based on localization of calibrating sound sources and air jet noise
Authors: Ershov V , V. Palchikovskiy V
Published: May 2018

The paper considers study of beamforming algorithms for localization of noise sources. The mathematical formulations are briefly described for the following algorithms: Delay-and-Sum Beamforming, Cross-spectral Beamforming, Deconvolution Approach for the Mapping of Acoustic Sources (DAMAS). Based on the mentioned algorithms the program codes were developed. Operability of the program codes was tested on virtual localization of the point sources. All algorithms demonstrated good ability to distinguish these sources at different frequencies at their close position relative to each other. Initially, experiments were based on localization of calibrating static sound sources (beepers) using Bruel & Kjaer 54-microphone array. The measured data were processed both in the Bruel & Kjaer software and in the developed software. For static point sources, all algorithms have shown good work quality. The experiments were also carried out for the localization of noise sources in a turbulent air jet. In this case, the best results were demonstrated by Cross-Spectral Beamforming algorithm.
Assessment of the possibility of using the method of sludge-lignin dehydration of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill by the freeze-thaw method
Authors: Stom DI , Zhdanova GO , Potekhin SA , Balayan AE , Saksonov Saksonov MN , Butyrin MV , Kondratiev VV , Ivanov NA , Spirin V , Kizeev DA
Published: May 2018

An estimation of the possibility of dehydration of sludge-lignin of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill by the freeze-thaw method was carried out. Change of sludge-lignin structure, physicochemical properties and chemical composition after freeze-thaw are shown. Toxicity and chemical composition of the water solution separated from the sludge-lignin during its freeze-thaw is estimated. An increase in the rate of germination of seeds of the cress in the soil with the addition of the frozen-out sludge-lignin in the ratio "sludge-lignin-soil" 1:3-1:4 is shown. Possibility of application and recommendations for the use of freezed out sludge-lignin as an organic fertilizer is considered. Principal possibility of the worm transformation of sludge-lignin, previously dehydrated by the freeze-thaw method, by red Californian worms Eisenia foetida Andrei Bouche (1972) is shown. The issue of prospects for processing this waste in a fertile bio-soil is discussed. The latter can later be used for recultivation of the territory of the sludge accumulator plots of the Baikal Pulp and Paper Mill.
On the stabilization problems of non-holonomic systems with inhomogeneous constraints with incomplete information on the state
Authors: A.Ya. Krasinskiy , E M Krasinskaya
Published: May 2018

The  systematic application of Voronetz vector-matrix equations in Routh variables is developed to describe the dynamics of non-holonomic systems with inhomogeneous constraints. The obtained form of the equations of disturbed motion in problems of stability and stabilization makes it possible to analyze the structure of the model for a reasonable choice of the application of control actions. The developed technique makes it possible to automate the solution of problems of stabilization of operating modes of complex technical devices.
Making Unit Cost in Production Process More Accurate – the Role of Queueing
Authors: Molnar Viktor , Tumik Abel
Published: May 2018

Queueing is a general phenomenon in the life of almost every organization. Not only people but also processes connecting to manufacturing, machine maintenance, food delivery etc. can be modeled by queueing theory. Queueing always contains waiting waste and the latest management approaches endeavor to eliminate all wastes from the system. This paper introduces and demonstrates a solution based on Activity-Based Costing that aids in the more accurate identification of wastes and therefore in more accurate costing. An experiment was conducted in which queueing of products in a warehouse was analyzed. The queueing as waiting time was built in the ABC costing model. The paper highlights that the model supports thorough business-as-usual decision-making.
Procedure to Evaluate Current Formation Pressure in Wells with ESP
Authors: A. Gribennikov O , N. Balandin L , I. Astafev V
Published: May 2018

While operating the wells with ESP it’s impossible to make the direct measurement of the formation pressure with the use of bottom-hole pressure gauge. That is why they presently use various indirect methods to evaluate formation pressure that are based upon the re-calculation of static fluid level in well annulus for the fluid column pressure. The authors consider the procedure to evaluate formation pressure that was designed for the wells equipped with ESP. This procedure is a simple one and enables to perform real-time formation pressure metering. The obtained results have been compared with hydro-dynamic studies and have demonstrated their high convergence.
Portable complex for controlled explosive reactive drilling of rocks
Authors: O. Solov’ev Viktor , M. Shvedov Igor’
Published: May 2018

The developed portable explosive-reactive complex for drilling-and-blasting operations in complex mining-geological conditions is considered. The basic design features of the complex are given. The main principles of ensuring the effectiveness of explosive-reactive drilling are formulated. The conditions for the appearance of the effect of the dynamic pressure on the rock of the complex ensuring its recoiling work are considered in detail.
Characteristics of finger indices of hand 1D:3D and 2D:4D in dependence on gender and type of the constitution
Authors: I. Perepelkin Andrei , B. Mandrikov Victor , I. Krayushkin Alexander , B. Doronin Andrei , V. Matveeva Oksana
Published: May 2018

1D:3D and 2D:4D finger ratios of a hand are widely used for research in the field of predisposition of the individual to certain somatic diseases. 299 young people were surveyed in total with the calculation of the Pignet index, using a flatbed scanner and the author's program HandScaner. As part of the study, it was identified that the finger indices of 1D:3D in young men is significantly greater than that of girls in the hypersthenic group by 2% (p<0.05). Finger index of 1D:3D is more by 1% in young men in the normosthenic group, in the asthenic group, the finger index of 1D:3D is more in girls by 1% (p>0.05). When studying the index 2D:4D, there were no statistically significant differences between the left and right hands in young men and women (p>0.05), as well as the relationship with the type of body build. Despite this, many foreign authors note the presence of this connection in males and females in other age groups. In addition, according to foreign authors, this index, as well as in our study, is more in girls in comparison with young men.
Comparison of solid biofuels produced from olive pomace with two different conversion methods: torrefaction and hydrothermal carbonization
Authors: Y. Gultekin Selin , Olgun Hayati , S. Celiktas Melih
Published: May 2018

Olive pomace is a by-product of olive oil production process and has the potential to be a solid biofuel after thermal treatment. In this study, olive pomace was treated by two thermal conversion methods: hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and torrefaction. Experiments were carried out under the temperature values of 250, 275, 300 and 350°C; reaction times of 10, 20 and 30 minutes for torrefaction and temperature values of 180, 200 and 220°C; reaction time of 2, 3 and 4 hours for HTC. Products with the same energy yield value (62 %)  obtained the higher heating values of 23.73 and 25.20 MJ/kg for torrefaction (275°C for 20 minutes) and hydrothermal carbonization (220°C for 2 hours), respectively. Hydrothermal carbonization method has the potential to produce chars at lower temperature values and without a drying process; and obtain products with improved higher heating values, energy yields and atomic O/C and H/C ratios compare to torrefaction products.
Calculation of Parameters and Design of the Movable Transfer Station with Vibrating Screen Feeder for the Conveyor System of Deep Queries
Authors: Sładkowski Aleksander , Yudin Arkadiy , Komissarov Anatoliy , Lagunova Yuliya , Akhmetova Madinur , Stolpovskikh Ivan
Published: May 2018

The paper considers a new design of the movable vibrating screen feeder KVG-1PS designed for the reception and transfer of rocks and ores in conveyor complexes of cyclic-and-continuous technology in open-cast mining. It contains the results of design analysis of the new mining machine. The paper represents the technique of establishing the main parameters and the calculation of the movable vibrating feeder on the basis of a cascade shock-absorbing system at the representation of the machine within a three-mass oscillatory system.
2D-FEA Based Design and Performance Analysis of Low Weight Segmented Rotor HE-FSM for Light Weight Aircrafts
Authors: Ali Hassan , Sulaiman Erwan , Omar Zamri , F. Omar M , Amin Faisal
Published: May 2018

All electric aircraft (AEA), is one of the main intentions of the aerospace industry for future. Where electrical machines are capable to provide high torque density and are dominant for the feasibility of direct drive electrical driving force for aircraft applications. Besides, low weight and high torque capabilities, the best candidate solution should also inherently fault tolerant for aircraft applications. For these reasons, a new sort of machine has been familiarized and published in last decade know as flux switching machine (FSM). FSMs contain all excitation sources on stator side with robust rotor structure. According to the type of excitation, FSMs are characterized into three types such as permanent magnet PM FSM, field excitation FE FSM and hybrid excitation HE FSM. PM FSM and FE FSM use PM and FE coil for their excitation sources respectively, whereas both PM and FE coil is used in HE-FSM for excitation. Subsequently, these machines have shown high torque to weight ratios and high efficiency during research in the last decade. Therefore in this paper, a new structure of 12S-8P HE-FSM with segmental rotor has been proposed and analyzed. The proposed segmented HE-FSM has the simple structure using only three PMs and three FECs. The proposed structure is analyzed using commercial 2D FEA package, JMAG-designer ver. 14.0. This paper presents the coil test analysis of segmented HE-FSM to confirm the working principle. Besides, cogging torque, flux strengthening, torque vs current densities and power vs current densities have been analyzed and presented.
Preliminary Design Analysis of a New Field Excitation Flux Switching Machine with Segmental Rotor and Non-overlap Winding
Authors: F. Omar M , Sulaiman E , A. Soomro H , M. Romalan G , M. N. S. Othaman S
Published: May 2018

Recently, a three-phase Field Excitation Flux Switching Motor (FEFSM) with salient rotor structure has been introduced with their advantages of easy rotor temperature elimination and controllable FEC magnetic flux particularly meet for high torque, high power as well as high speed diverse performances. Nevertheless, the salient rotor structure is found to lead a longer magnetic flux path between stator and rotor producing weak flux linkage along with low torque performances. Therefore, a new structure of a single-phase FEFSM using segmental rotor with non-overlap windings is proposed. Segmental rotor and non-overlap windings are the clear advantages of these topologies as the copper losses gets reduce and rotor becomes less weight as well as more robust. Detailed analysis on winding arrangement test analysis, armature and FEC flux linkage, back-EMF and average torque characteristics have been performed by using 2D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) through JMAG version 15 software. The results show that the proposed motor with segmental rotor and non-overlap windings produce short flux path, high flux linkage and the highest torque capability achieved is 0.91 Nm.
Studies of radon activity in civil engineering and environmental objects
Authors: P. Mikhnev Ilya , V. Mikhneva Svetlana , A. Salnikova Natalia
Published: May 2018

In this article, studies of the radiation (radon) characteristics of the soil, soil-forming rocks and civil engineering buildings of the Volgograd Region are presented. The purpose of the study was to identify factors of the radiation background caused by radon in civil engineering objects. The regularities of radon distribution at the objects of the construction complex and the environment are determined depending on the influence of various factors. The studies made it possible to calculate the averaged annual effective equivalent doses to the population of the Volgograd Region caused by radon and the daughter products of the decay of radon. As a result, the patterns of changes in radon activity in the air of the premises have been established, depending on the time of the year, building materials and the purpose of the room. The result of the work performed is the normative material for use in the construction industry in order to limit the radiation exposure of the population in the region. Also, methodological material for training specialists in the field of radiation research in the building complex.
Effect of pressure changes in sliding contact
Authors: Deeva Vera , Slobodyan Stepan
Published: May 2018

The sliding contact when the air together with wear particles flow in contact area between commutator and brush is considered. The dynamical interaction between two surfaces is probabilistic. The behaviour of space-time-varying process is described by the differential equations, which are generally very difficult to solve. The simple numerical solution applying the method of Galerkin approximation to estimate the change in the pressure field in thin contact layer is obtained. It was found that under the leading edge of the brush the pressure change doesn’t exceed 0.07 of the maximum value. The numerical simulations of the absolute error are presented for the 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 of the relative length. The relative error of pressure changes for small contact area is smaller (1 – 0.8e 0.1τ). It is concluded that the approximate solution tends to the exact one. Moreover, it is shown that as the sliding velocity decreases, the relative error of the pressure change tends to the zero.
Development of generation special short articles for the given topic
Authors: S D Kulik , A N Belov , K I Matveeva
Published: May 2018

The subject area and reviewed various sources of information relevant to a given topic will be considered. For implementation of algorithm of generation of the texts was chosen the C# language, as it has a large number of advantages compared to other programming languages, and it also has many libraries which it would be convenient to use in solving a given task. The text presents the structure of the generated article and the scheme of the developed algorithm for the application. Also it describes the structures that are used to implement such applications. The implementation of algorithm of generation of short articles on a given topic in English was discussed. Familiarization with the application was conducted and the results of generation were shown.  It was shown that the generated articles have a good percentage of the plagiarism by experimental studies. It was shown that the articles would not be repeated even more than 50 generations, as a result of tests. Also was shown the implementation of the program on C# language, it’s interface, design generation and design of the English translation.
Automatic Grading of Scanned Multiple Choice Answer Sheets
Authors: Muangprathub Jirapond , Shichim Oatchima , Jaroensuk Yuthaya , Kajornkasirat Siriwan
Published: May 2018

The motivations for automatic grading of image-based multiple choice answer sheets include significant time and cost reductions. The proposed method supports any pencils or pens used on thin papers, as well as low-cost gridded paper that is easy to use in a typical test. Fourteen different scenarios pertaining to 560 answer sheets were evaluated with automatic reporting of the final grading and its summary. The result shows that an average accuracy of 100% for the cases with nearly complete pencil or pen markings. In the cases with incomplete markings, such as small markings, overflow, and deleted or unclean markings, the accuracies were 62.42%, 93.16%, 99.57%, respectively. The proposed system operates 2.5 times faster than the conventional manual method.
Analysis of simply supported wood beams at ambient and high temperatures
Authors: M M Fonseca Elza , J V Gouveia Pedro
Published: May 2018

The main objective of this work is to present a methodology for safety analysis of simply supported wood beams at ambient and high temperatures with a concentrated load at mid-span. Sixteen different beam configurations will be studied. All calculations were conducted according the Eurocode 5, part 1-1 and part 1-2. During this study will be analyzed the safe load bearing capacity according standards and compared with the elastic and plastic load from beam theory. The beam theory can provide sufficient accuracy up to the point of instability. The standard methods are generally conservative and they are suitable to be used for design purposes with safety. The studied beam cross sections will be in glued laminated wood, as yellow birch, with characteristics equals to a Glulam GL28H.
Dynamic loading of electric machines during testing
Authors: I. Malafeev Sergey , S. Malafeev Sergey
Published: May 2018

An energy-efficient and simple method of testing electric motors in a dynamic mode is considered. When testing an electrical machine, the rotor is driven into a reciprocating rotary motion. The source of power of the power converter, which controls the electric machine, is a supercapacitor. When the electric machine is accelerated, electric energy is consumed from the supercapacitor, when the machine brakes the kinetic energy of the moving masses is converted into electrical energy, which accumulates in the supercapacitor. The energy loss during the operation of the electromechanical system in the dynamic mode is compensated by recharging the supercapacitor using a controlled rectifier connected to the power supply network.
Indentation and flattening of rough surfaces spherical asperities
Authors: Ogar Petr , Gorokhov Denis , Ugryumova Elena
Published: May 2018

The paper indicates that the application of roughness models and the theories of contacting rough surfaces developed by Greenwood-Williamson and N.B. Demkin for solving the problems of hermetology leads to significant errors. This is explained by much greater contact pressures than for the tribology problems, by describing only the initial part of the reference surface curve, the lack of allowance for the plastic extrusion of the material. A brief review of methods for describing the introduction of a sphere into an elastoplastic reinforced half-space is given. The properties of the elastoplastic reinforced material are described by the power law of Hollomon. To describe the indentation and flattening of single spherical asperity, the results of finite element modeling are used. The cases of contacting a rigid rough surface with an elastoplastic half-space and a rigid smooth surface with a rough surface are considered. To determine the relative contact area, the discrete roughness model is used in the form of a set of spherical segments distributed along the height in accordance with the curve of the reference surface.
Indentation of rigid rough surface into polymer coating layer
Authors: Ogar Petr , Kozhevnikov Artem , Elsukov Vladimir
Published: May 2018

An analysis of engineering approaches to determining the value of the introduction of spherical asperity and a rough surface into the polymer layer is given. It is shown that engineering methods of solving contact problems on the basis of simplifying hypotheses are more practical, for example, the representation of a layered body as a construction with special mechanical properties that depend on the mechanical properties of base and coating materials and the thickness of the coating. Analysis of the use of the proposed engineering solutions in calculating the value of the indentation of the sphere showed the advantages of the method based on the rigid model of a layered body. In this case, the effective modulus of elasticity and the Poisson's ratio are determined for any values of the coating thickness for an axisymmetric loading of a layered half-space. To determine the value of the indentation of a rough surface into the polymer layer, a discrete model of a rough surface is used. When contacting a rough surface through a polymer layer, it was taken into account that each asperity corresponds to a certain modulus of elasticity, which is determined by the level of the peak and the value of approach.
Performance of seismic shear panels under near-field motions
Authors: Mariella Diaferio Mariella
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study is to describe the structural response of steel frames with different stiffness and geometrical characteristics subjected to near-field earthquakes. Such actions, in fact, may be responsible of high levels of damage, as they are characterized by pulses of high amplitude. Thus, the effects on the structures are quite different from the ones induced by far-field earthquakes. In detail, the main aim is to evaluate the performance of such frames equipped with passive devices: two hysteretic dampers are considered which during the seismic action are mainly interested by shear stresses.  Nevertheless, the main characteristics of their hysteretic behavior are different and, consequently, for a correct use the comparison of the performance is an important tool. Thus, the response of the protected frames is evaluated varying the characteristics of the near-field motions.
On the Parameters consideration & analysis of menderline antenna for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Rajurkar Harish , Sudhir Akojwar Dr
Published: May 2018

The objective of this paper is to present an analysis of menderline monopole antennas, which are applicable to wireless sensor networks in agricultural. In this paper, a 2.4 GHz Menderline Monopole Antenna (MLMA) is proposed for wireless sensors network. This work presents the detailed analysis of menderline antenna and variation of mender line parameter on antenna performance. A MLMA is modeled at 2.4 GHz with substrate of FR4 with dielectric constant (εr) of 4.4. The performance of the MLMA is enhanced by using optimum geometry. The better performance in terms of bandwidth and impedance matching is found. For the proposed MLMA, the bandwidth of 149MHz and return loss of -23.98dB is obtained. The proposed work shows good performance of MLMA, in terms of geometric size, bandwidth and return loss which makes it suitable for wireless sensor network.
Effect of Complex Structural Material Coated the Flight Body to Measure the Absorption of Radar Radiation at Different Elevations of Flight Latitude
Authors: Ali Mhmood Karwi Abbas
Published: May 2018

Avoiding radar detection is a prime importance in several fields. We design multi reinforced polymeric materials to absorb radar waves, these materials have low density, high elastic modulus, high tensile strength good erosion resistance and good fatigue strength. Composite materials are made by three principle techniques, injection, spraying and compression. Jet technique was used to measure materials resistance for erosion. We find that  polytetrafluroethylene with multi mixtures  has the best specification than other polymeric materials. We manufacture twenty-one alloys (A, B, C, D, E, F…..W) used in this work. Composite materials (A-W) are making by adding fillers to matrices. Absorption coefficient of fillers and matrices was evaluated and measured alone or as a composite. Dynamic and static radar cross section shapes (eight shapes)were studied in this work. The better shapes for absorption waves are (spherical, conical, cylindrical, and parabolic). All parameters controlled reflectivity and absorption were studied. We found that the maximum rate of absorption is more than (70%), this percent observed in certain coating layers. Metallurgical and mechanical work on composite materials have been investigated. Model designed to compute multi variables affecting on absorption and reflection.
Estimation of occupational safety risks at energetic sector of Iron and Steel Works
Authors: Kukhar Volodymyr , Yelistratova Nelly , Burko Vadym , Nizhelska Yulia , Aksionova Olga
Published: May 2018

Modern methods of estimation of working conditions at the metallurgical enterprise are considered on the occupational safety due to European standards. The main approaches are identified in determination of hazards at work, assessing of technological risks and injuries as an example for one of the Iron and Steel Works,Mariupol,Ukraine. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effectiveness of the introduction of international methods in the field of health safety, assess the effectiveness of the safety management system at an industrial enterprise. The analysis of the process of implementing European standards in the field of the health safety at industrial enterprises is a prerequisite for their further successful application, reducing the level of injuries. The procedures for drawing up the matrix of risk assessment (HAZID method), assessment of working capacity of technological processes (HAZOP method), and safety assessment of works (ISA method) are considered. The analysis of the efficiency of measures to increase of health safety in the energy (gas) sector at the enterprise was carried out. A graph of the dynamics of the decline in industrial injuries in five years is shown. The main statistical indicators that are used to account for industrial injuries at an industrial enterprise are given.
Improvement in Speed of Trains in Poor Visibility & Advancement of Train Transport Signaling Mechanism
Authors: Tandon Shantam , Subramanian Karthik , Moundekar Tanmai , Khanna Vansh
Published: May 2018

The Railway system is heavily hampered by poor weather conditions like fog, smog and heavy rainfall especially in Northern India. These factors lead to poor visibility and reduces the average speed of trains which is the main reason for their delay, particularly in winter season. The average speed of the train is kept low so that the locomotive pilot can easily watch out signals and control the movement of the train. This paper focuses on techniques to boost the average speed of trains during low visibility by improving the transport signaling mechanism using wireless communication mechanisms using pulse code modulated signals.
Heat loss analysis in a radiating slab of variable thermal conductivity
Authors: S. Lebelo Ramoshweu , C. Moloi Kholeka
Published: May 2018

This article investigates the transfer of heat in a stockpile of reactive materials, that is assumed to lose heat to the environment by radiation. The study is modeled in a rectangular slab whose materials are of variable thermal conductivity. The stockpile’s reactive material in this context is one that readily reacts with the oxygen trapped within the stockpile due to exothermic chemical reaction. The study of the combustion process in this case is conducted theoretically by using the Mathematical approach. The differential equation governing the problem is tackled numerically by applying the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF45) method coupled with the Shooting technique. To investigate the heat transfer phenomena, some kinetic parameters embedded in the governing differential equation, are varied to observe the behavior of the temperature profiles during the combustion process. The results obtained from the temperature profiles, are depicted graphically and discussed accordingly. It was discovered that kinetic phenomena such as the reaction rate parameter, accelerates the exothermic chemical reaction. However, the radiation parameter decelerates the exothermic chemical reaction by lowering the temperature profiles.
Load Flow Study of Isolated Hybrid Microgrid for Village Electrification
Authors: Singh Kuldip , M. Narendra Kumar Dr , Satyasis Mishra Dr
Published: May 2018

The government has main concerns to provide the electricity 24/7 for each household in village across the country by 2020. To fulfill the demand for village electrification renewable energy sources are major focus. The isolated hybrid microgrid is playing the vital role for village electrification solution in India. The major sources for isolated hybrid microgrid are solar, bio-mass and wind energy for village electrification. In isolated microgrid, major challenges are reliability of system to fulfill the electricity demand in village 24/7 from renewable energy sources. In this work, a technical study carried out for load flow study of isolated PV hybrid microgrid for unbalance local distribution network in village. The study carried out by simulation approach with NR iterative method to analyze the unbalance load demand, load flow study, voltage profile, angle, THD% and power factor of isolated hybrid microgrid.
Stability Analysis of Isolated Hybrid Microgrid for Village Electrification
Authors: Singh Kuldip , M. Narendra Kumar Dr , Satyasis Mishra Dr
Published: May 2018

The village electrification is the main concern for government of India. The isolated Hybrid Microgrid with renewable energy sources has been growing rapidly for village electrification and it is going to play vital role for 100% electrification in rural area by 2020. For planning and designing of isolated hybrid microgrid the power system stability is major parameter and its main concern due to instability in load demand as well as in generation from renewable energy sources.  For renewable energy sources, the controlling of frequency and voltage deviation is a great challenge. This paper is carry out the stability analysis for PV-Biomass based isolated hybrid microgrid on different load and generation conditions and carry out the effect on frequency stability