bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF SILICON NANOWIRE SYNTHESIS PARAMETERS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOTOSENSITIVE SENSORS
Authors: Linevych Yaroslav , Koval Viktoriia , Dusheyko Mykhailo , Sachevnik Vyacheslav , Lakyda Maryna
Published: December 2023

Problem. Photosensitive sensors are widely used both in everyday life in climate systems and in communication devices and street lighting. In order to improve the performance parameters of photosensitive sensors, the use of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) has been proposed. A large number of articles are dedicated to the influence of synthesis parameters on the dimensions of SiNWs. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of the surface morphology of SiNW arrays on the electrical and photosensitive parameters of sensors based on them.The purpose of the work The aim of this work is to synthesize silicon nanowires using the metal-assisted chemical etching method, investigate their surface morphology, and fabricate photodiodes based on them to examine the influence of SiNW synthesis parameters on the characteristics of photosensitive sensors, considering the peculiarities of their structure.Research results. Photosensitive sensors of diode type based on SiNWs were synthesized and investigated. The influence of the following synthesis parameters of SiNWs on their lateral and vertical morphology as well as on characteristics of diode sensors based on them was demonstrated: the duration of the first and second stages of metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE), the content of silver nitride and hydrogen peroxide in the solutions of the first and second stages of MACE, as well as surface texturing and processing in isotropic and anisotropic etchants. The maximum operational parameters of the obtained photosensitivity sensors based on the SiNW array were as follows: rectification coefficient of 1320 and photosensitivity coefficient of 3.1 mA/lmV.Conclusions. The obtained results indicate that the technological parameters of the first and second stages of MACE, as well as pre- and post- chemical treatments, have a significant influence on increasing of the surface roughness, height, and porosity of SiNWs, which in turn affect the electric and photosensitive parameters of the sensors. Optimal SiNWs synthesis parameters for achieving of maximum photosensitivity have been established.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LASER MEDICAL DEVICES WITH FIBER-OPTIC LIGHT GUIDES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EXTERNAL THERMAL EFFECTS
Authors: Yatsenko Iryna , Antonyuk Victor , Vashchenko Vyacheslav , Kolinko Sergiy , Butenko Tetyana , Tsybulin Valentin
Published: December 2023

Study of the influence of the controlled parameters of the electron beam (the density of the thermal effect Fn and the speed of movement (scanning) along the treated surface V) on such important parameters of the quality of the end surfaces of the light guides as their cleanliness and micro-roughness, which have a significant impact on the transmission coefficient of IR radiation kl, are now limited. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to establish the regularities of the influence of the controlled parameters of the electron beam, to determine the optimal ranges of their application, which do not lead to the destruction of the treated end surfaces of light guides made of optical glass and maximize the IR transmission coefficient by increasing their purity and reducing micro-roughness, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of devices in conditions of external thermal effects.The study of the thermal effect of an electron beam on optical glass elements was carried out on specialized electron beam equipment protected by Ukrainian patents. Modern methods of physical and chemical analysis were used to conduct experimental research. The obtained experimental data were processed in dialogue mode and in real time on a PC using modern methods of mathematical statistics and standard application programs. At the same time, the relative measurement error of the considered parameters does not exceed 5...7 %.Experimental studies were carried out and optimal ranges of electron beam parameter changes were established (thermal action density Fn = 3∙106...7∙108 W/m2; scanning speed V = 6∙10-3...4∙10-2 m/s), within in which the most significant improvement in the quality parameters of the processed end surfaces of light guides is observed (increasing the cleanliness of the surfaces and reducing their micro-roughness), which leads to an increase in the spectraltransmittance of IR radiation. As a result, the maximum allowable range of propagation of laser radiation in light guides increases and provides better diagnostics, therapeutic and surgical treatment, which contributes to increasing the efficiency of laser medical devices, especially when they are operated taking into account external thermal effects.
ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL OF THE PENETRATION OF DRUGS INTO BIOLOGICAL TISSUES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Rohozhnikov Roman , Tereshchenko Mykola
Published: December 2023

The processes of assessment and control of the penetration of drugs into biological tissues under the influence of a magnetic field are investigated and systematically analysed.The aim of the work is to improve the methods for assessing magnetic field penetration and to develop new automated systems for optimising the penetration of drugs into tissues. The paper presents a mathematical model for estimating the depth of penetration of drugs into the biological environment and experimental studies of the influence of magnetic field parameters on the depth of penetration of drugs into biological tissues, followed by an analysis of the results. The features of the mathematical model of drug penetration through the cell membrane are considered in detail, and factorssuch as physical properties of the membrane, magnetic field parameters, temperature changes, and ion concentration are taken into account.The proposed model allows to effectively take into account the interaction of various factors with the value of magnetic induction. The influence of diffusion processes on the regulation of metabolism in cellular systems is highlighted and their role in the penetration of drugs through the skin is considered. A model describing the penetration of drugs into biological tissues through the parameters of magnetic induction is presented. It is noted that the study of the penetration of drugs into biological tissues is important for pharmaceutical research and the development of new methods of drug delivery.The model presented in this paper can serve as a powerful tool for optimising the parameters of magnetic therapy systems and improving the effectiveness of treatment. A methodology for studying the penetration of drugs and conducting experiments to assess and measure the depth of penetration is presented. The obtained research results can be used to further improve magnetic therapy methods and develop new treatment strategies.
Comparison of critical plane models for multiaxial fatigue life prediction
Authors: Savchuk Yevhenii , Shukayev Sergiy
Published: December 2023

Background. The operation of numerous machines and units takes place under conditions of multi-axial cyclic loading, which, as a rule, is non-proportional. Evaluating the fatigue durability of metal alloys under conditions of multi-axial non-proportional loading is a relevant task in modern engineering. Solving this problem requires fatigue calculation methods that would consider operating conditions and properties of structural materials, including factors such as the type of stress state, loading trajectory, material sensitivity to non-proportional loading, and so on.Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of a range of fatigue life models based on the concept of the critical plane, including the Fatemi-Socie, Wang-Brown, Smith-Watson-Topper, Liu I, and Liu II approaches, and to identify the limits and peculiarities of their application.Methods. The fatigue lives calculated using the selected models were compared with experimental results obtained for various metal alloys subjected to uniaxial tension-compression, alternating torsion, and proportional and non-proportional multiaxial loading.Results. The applicability limits of fatigue life models based on the critical plane concept were analyzed for different metal alloys under conditions of proportional and non-proportional multiaxial loading.Conclusions. The research results demonstrated that models requiring the use of material constants obtained from tests in both tension-compression and alternating torsion provide reliable fatigue life estimates for various types of metal alloys. Calculations based solely on fatigue curves from alternating torsion better correlate with the results of tests on ductile materials, while calculations based on criteria utilizing fatigue curves from tension-compression align more closely with results from tests on brittle materials.
PROPRIEDADES TECNOLÓGICAS DE FARINHAS DE RESÍDUOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS DE ABACAXI
Authors: Da Silva Sousa Cleiciane , Camille Sousa de Oliveira Vitória , Veloso Soares Vanelly , Viana Freire Portela Julianne
Published: December 2023

Objetivou-se desenvolver e analisar as propriedades tecnológicas de farinhas provenientes dos resíduos agroindustriais de abacaxi (casca e bagaço). Os resíduos foram submetidos à secagem em forno (180 ºC) e em estufa (60 ºC). Em seguida, foram analisadas quanto às características tecnológicas: rendimento, Índice de Solubilidade de Água (ISA) e Índice de Absorção de Água (IAA); análise de cor, aroma e textura, bem como aparência via escala hedônica estruturada de nove pontos; escala de cor instrumental por meio dos códigos Red, Green e Blue (RGB); e escala de semelhança, com farinhas do comércio, para aroma e aparência. A Farinha da Casca de Abacaxi no Forno exibiu um tempo menor que o da estufa; e melhor rendimento (28,16%). A Farinha do Bagaço do Abacaxi na Estufa apresentou benefício no IAA (7,05 g.g-1) que demais farinhas. As farinhas apresentaram percentual de aceitação maior que 70%, tornando-as viáveis para inserção no mercado e em indústrias de panificação, cárneos, produtos à base de água (sopas, sobremesas e molhos), ou acompanhando outros alimentos, devido ao ISA superior a 0,55 g.g-1. Com isto, as farinhas de casca e bagaço de resíduos agroindustriais de abacaxi apresentam potencial tecnológico para a formulação de alimentos.
MUDANÇA E ADAPTAÇÃO ESTRATÉGICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA EMPRESA DO RAMO IMOBILIÁRIO
Authors: Schneider Gisele Mariano , Cappellari Gabriela , Schmitz Graziela , Lopes da Silva Mygre , Vanderlei Cassanego Junior Paulo
Published: December 2023

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o processo de adaptação estratégica ocorrido em uma empresa do ramo imobiliário, entre os anos de 2012 a 2022. O determinismo argumenta que o ambiente externo desempenha um papel crucial ao influenciar a definição das estratégias organizacionais, enquanto o voluntarismo destaca a capacidade das organizações de influenciar o ambiente. Por meio do modelo de tipologia de adaptação estratégica de Hrebiniak e Joyce (1985), a pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, mediante um estudo de caso. A partir da análise longitudinal foram identificados três períodos estratégicos e seus respectivos eventos críticos. No período de 2012 a 2013 tem-se a concepção do negócio. No período de 2014 a 2018, aperfeiçoamento pessoal e crescimento do negócio.  Já no período de 2019 a 2022, alterações no plano de marketing em meio a uma crise pandêmica. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho sugerem que a escolha estratégica foi um fator predominante na empresa objeto de estudo. A empresa demonstra capacidade de transformação dos fatores externos em oportunidades, atuando de forma diferenciada no mercado. Entende-se, neste sentido, que a sua longevidade se relaciona com sua a capacidade de adaptação.
FAUNA DE ABELHAS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) COMO BIOINDICADOR DE QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL NA REGIÃO DOS FRAGMENTOS FLORESTAIS NATURAIS "IPUCAS"
Authors: Oliveira Lima Nathália , Piragé de Oliveira Junior Waldesse , Santos Oliveira Barros Simone , Lima Bragança Marcos Antonio , Freitas de Oliveira Favízia
Published: December 2023

Ipucas são fragmentos florestais naturais que apresentam sua própria estrutura florística e fisionômica, e permanecem inundados durante parte do ano. Este conjunto de peculiaridades torna tal paisagem única, despertando interesse para pesquisas em diferentes áreas das ciências. As abelhas são os principais polinizadores na região tropical e são sensíveis a intervenções no ambiente, principalmente, devido a sua íntima relação com a vegetação, o que as fazem ótimos indicadores de qualidade ambiental. Este estudo, realizado no município de Lagoa da Confusão, estado do Tocantins, Brasil, teve como objetivos analisar a diversidade de abelhas em Ipucas com características distintas e correlacionar os dados com o grau de antropização do ambiente no entorno dos fragmentos. Também foi avaliado a potencialidade do uso das abelhas como bioindicadores de qualidade ambiental. Coletas de abelhas foram realizadas com uma armadilha Malaise e cinco armadilhas atrativas com substância açucarada instaladas no interior de cada uma de seis Ipucas estudadas, três em área agrícola e três em área preservada. Analisou-se a riqueza, abundância, índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener, equitatividade de Pielou, dominância de Berger-Parker e dissimilaridade de Jaccard. Foram coletadas 133 abelhas de nove espécies. Os índices demonstraram que as Ipucas maiores, melhor preservadas e mais próximas da vegetação nativa possuíam maior equitatividade e menor dominância, o que pode significar melhor qualidade ambiental e demonstrar a eficácia da diversidade de abelhas como insetos bioindicadores.
MULHERES EGRESSAS DO SISTEMA PRISIONAL E O MERCADO DE TRABALHO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS PILARES FUNDAMENTAIS DOS PROJETOS
Authors: Oliveira do Amaral Vera Lucia , Michalski Maria Rita Taques , Nascimento Daniel Teotonio do
Published: December 2023

Nos últimos anos nota-se um significativo aumento na população carcerária feminina. No último levantamento realizado em 2019 os números encontrados são alarmantes, com crescimento de seis vezes comparado ao ano de 2000. Nos dias atuais, a execução da pena não tem apenas o objetivo do encarceramento, mas também de reintegração à sociedade. Conforme a Lei de Execução Penal é dever do Estado prevenir o crime e orientar o retorno à convivência em sociedade, sendo essa assistência estendida também ao egresso. Este estudo teve como objetivo refletir sobre os pilares de ressocialização que auxiliam as mulheres egressas do sistema penitenciário retornar ou entrar ao mercado de trabalho. Como procedimento metodológico foi utilizada pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho exploratória e qualitativa. A análise foi fundamentada em artigos coletados no site de periódicos da CAPES, além de dados do Departamento Penitenciário (DEPEN); e Projetos o Projeto Regresso, Projeto Alvorada, Instituto Responsa, Programa Começar de Novo e o Gerando Falcoes. Os resultados demonstraram que a ausência de políticas públicas, o despreparo profissional e o preconceito são as maiores barreiras da ressocialização de egressas.  Assim é de extrema importância a criação e gestão de mecanismos para gerar oportunidade, pois o trabalho é condição importante para que elas possam sustentar a si e sua família, diminuindo a reincidência criminal e possibilitando cidadania de fato.

Palavras-chave: Sistema Prisional. Mulheres. Mercado de Trabalho. Políticas Públicas.
GOVERNANÇA PUBLICA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL POR MEIO DO FORTALECIMENTO DO ECOSSISTEMA LOCAL DE INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Pinheiro da Silva Leonardo , Abreu Sousa Kleber , Batista Costa Beatriz
Published: December 2023

As discussões em torno da importância e implantação de Ecossistemas de Inovação vem ganhando espaço nas agendas acadêmicas em função da sua capilaridade e possibilidades de perpetuação. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar o diagnóstico das ações inovativas, capacidades tecnológicas e visão do ecossistema de inovação local do departamento de ciência, tecnologia e inovação (SEFAZCTI). A análise dos dados revelou diferentes manifestações de inovação em entidades institucionais. Embora não haja inovações radicais, algumas demonstram inovações incrementais em produtos e processos. O ambiente propício à inovação nas instituições de ensino superior está se fortalecendo, evidenciado pela interação com Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICTs). Identificaram-se atividades inovadoras nos grupos de empresas, embora ainda não formem um conjunto eficaz no processo inovador. Os dados podem orientar políticas para promover P&D em produtos/processos inovadores, apontando desafios como financiamento e custos de consultoria técnica externa.
Bell's Theorem Begs the Question
Authors: Christian Joy
Published: December 2023

I demonstrate that Bell's theorem is based on circular reasoning and thus a fundamentally flawed argument. It unjustifiably assumes the additivity of expectation values for dispersion-free states of contextual hidden variable theories for non-commuting observables involved in Bell-test experiments, which is tautologous to assuming the bounds of ±2 on the Bell-CHSH sum of expectation values. Its premises thus assume in a different guise the bounds of ±2 it sets out to prove. Once this oversight is ameliorated from Bell's argument by identifying the impediment that leads to it and local realism is implemented correctly, the bounds on the Bell-CHSH sum of expectation values work out to be ±2√2 instead of ±2, thereby mitigating the conclusion of Bell's theorem. Consequently, what is ruled out by any of the Bell-test experiments is not local realism but the linear additivity of expectation values, which does not hold for non-commuting observables in any hidden variable theories to begin with.
Creutzfeldt -Jakob Disease Associated with E200K Mutation and SARS-Cov2 Infection, Pure Coincidence or Neurodegenerative Acceleration?
Authors: Colaizzo Elisa , Prosperini Luca , Petrucci Antonio , Perna Alessia
Published: December 2023

it has been just over three years since SARS-CoV-2 viral infection was first known as causing severe acute and highly transmissible respiratory syndrome coronavirus. During one of the worst global pandemics of the last century, caused by the COVID-19 disease, under the persistent immune pressure exerted by the newest vaccines, the SARS-CoV-2 virus is fastly mutating and becoming less severe, but more contagious. On the other hand, some studies [1,2,3] indicate that the elderly COVID-19 patients or those who have reported a virulent episode of this infection, experience some long-lasting neurological complications, including encephalopathy, encephalitis, cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and prion disease (PrD). So, there are several recent reports of patients [4,5] developing PrD following the SARS-CoV-2 infection, but, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported in Italy on an association of the PRNP E200K somatic mutation with gCJD. The rising global prevalence neurodegenerative complications following COVID-19 disease adds urgency to the study of this potential relationship.
The Synthesis and Reactivity of Mesoporous and Surface-Rough Vinyl-Containing ORMOSIL Nanoparticles
Authors: Walton Nathan I , Brozek Eric M , Gwinn Courtney C , Zharov Ilya
Published: December 2023

Silica nanoparticles synthesized solely from organosilanes naturally possess a greater number of organic functionalities than silica nanoparticles surface modified with organosilanes. We report the synthesis of organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles with mesoporous and surface rough morphology and with high surface area, made solely from vinyltrimethoxy silane. We chemically modified these vinyl silica nanoparticles using bromination and hydroboration, and demonstrated the high accessibility and reactivity of the vinyl groups with an ~85% conversion of the functional groups for bromination of both particle types, a ~60% conversion of the functional groups for hydroboration of surface rough particles and a 90% conversion of the functional groups for hydroboration of mesoporous particles. We determined that the mesoporous vinyl silica nanopar-ticles, while having a surface area that lies between the non-porous and surface rough vinyl silica nanoparticles, provide the greatest accessibility to the vinyl groups for boronation and allow in-corporating up to 3.1 × 106 B atoms per particle, making the resulting materials attractive for boron neutron capture therapy.
Effect of Isolated Mycobacterium bovis Proteins on the Respiratory Response of Mouse Granulocytes
Authors: Gabdoulkhakova Aida , Korovina Marina , Filina Yulia , Khaertynov Kamil , Rizvanov Albert , Safronova Valentina
Published: December 2023

Proteins are considered to be the main carriers of antigenic properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agents of tuberculosis, the most serious infectious disease. Neutrophils, following resident macrophages, are among the first to attack the mycobacteria in defense of the organism. Neutrophils themselves are also the target of mycobacterial products; and their effect on neutrophil functions has been less studied. We have obtained about 70 protein fractions from M. bovis lysate; among them four protein fractions (10, 22, 24, and 40 kDa) had high serological activity against the serum of a rabbit immunized with M. bovis cells. We studied the effect of the serologically active proteins isolated from M. bovis on the generation of reactive oxygen species by bone marrow granulocytes of the Balb/c mouse, evaluated by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. For comparison, two synthetic peptides (both 3 kDa) carrying immunogenic epitopes of MPB 70 protein (M. bovis) were taken. Proteins of 10, 22, and 24 kDa at concentrations of 83, 80, and 59 ng/mL, respectively, were found to activate ROS generation by mouse granulocytes. The 10- and 40-kDa antigens inhibited the receptor-mediated respiratory responses to opsonized zymosan (OZ) and N-formyl-MLF peptide (fMLF) but significantly enhanced the response to the phorbol ester PMA, which directly activates protein kinase C. Antigens with molecular weights of 22 and 24 kDa enhanced the fMLF-induced response and had no effect on the response activated by PMA. The response to OZ was suppressed in the presence of the 22 kDa protein. Synthetic peptides over a wide range of concentrations showed no activity in any case. All M. bovis proteins examined did not affect both proliferation and cell viability of the A549 and THP-1 cells; therefore, they have no cytotoxic or proliferative effects. Thus, serologically active proteins with molecular weights of 10, 22, 24, and 40 kDa isolated from M. bovis modulated the respiratory responses of mouse granulocytes induced by the formyl peptide, while proteins of 10, 22, and 40 kDa inhibited the responses induced by OZ.
Improvement in Fatigue Strength of Chromium-Nickel Austenitic Stainless Steels via Diamond Burnishing and Subsequent Low-Temperature Gas Nitriding
Authors: Maximov Jordan , Duncheva Galya , Anchev Angel , Dunchev Vladimir , Argirov Yaroslav
Published: December 2023

Chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels are widely used due to their high corrosion resistance, good weldability and deformability. To some extent, their application is limited by their mechanical characteristics. As a result of their austenitic structure, increasing the static and dynamic strength of the components can be achieved by surface cold work. Due to the tendency of these steels to undergo intercrystalline corrosion, another approach to improve their mechanical characteristics is the use of low-temperature thermo-chemical diffusion processes. This article proposes a new combined process based on sequentially applied diamond burnishing (DB) and low-temperature gas nitriding (LTGN) to optimally improve the fatigue strength of 304 steel. The essence of the proposed approach is to combine the advantages of the two processes (DB and LTGN) to create a zone of residual compressive stresses in the surface and subsurface layers–the enormous surface residual stresses (axial and hoop) introduced by LTGN, with the significant depth of the compressive zone characteristic of static surface cold working processes. DB (both smoothing and single-pass hardening), in combination with LTGN, achieves a fatigue limit of 600 MPa, an improvement of 36.4% compared to untreated specimens. Individually, smoothing DB, single-pass DB and LTGN achieve 540 MPa, 580 MPa and 580 MPa, respectively. It was found that as the degree of plastic deformation of the surface layer introduced by DB increases, the content of the S-phase in the nitrogen-rich layer formed by LTGN decreases, with resultant increased content of -phase, and a new (also hard) phase: stabilized nitrogen-bearing martensite.
Selection of the Processing Method for Green Banana Chips from Barraganete and Dominico Varieties Using Multivariate Techniques
Authors: Chamorro-Hernandez Liliana M. , Herrera-Granda Erick P. , Rivas-Rosero Carlos
Published: December 2023

Due to their contribution to human health, the production of healthy snacks has garnered the attention of both the scientific community and the food industry. This study was conducted to determine the suitability of frying and baking processing methods for producing green banana chips using two varieties: Barraganete and Dominico. The aim was to identify a treatment geared towards producing healthy snacks. Initially, the physicochemical properties of the raw materials were analyzed, revealing significant differences in starch, fat, fiber, and protein content. Subsequently, the bananas were processed into baked and fried chips. Multivariate statistical techniques such as ANCOVA, MANOVA, and post-hoc tests were applied to examine the influence of initial characteristics and detect variations attributable to the cooking method. The main findings showed that the initial protein level had a significant covariate effect on the final content in the chips. The Dominico variety generally proved more suitable for making baked chips, retaining higher percentages of protein, starch, fiber, and lower fat content than Barraganete. Baked chips showed significantly lower sodium and fat values than fried ones when differentiated by processing method. The "Dominico + Baked" treatment emerged as the superior alternative, with favourable levels of protein, starch, and low sodium and fat, positioning it as the most suitable for producing a healthy snack.
Modified Split Mandrel Method and Equipment to Improve the Fatigue Performance of Structural Components with Fastener Holes
Authors: Maximov Jordan , Duncheva Galya , Anchev Angel , Dunchev Vladimir , Daskalova Petya
Published: December 2023

Fastener holes are among the most common natural stress concentrators in metal structures. The life cycles of various structural elements, such as those in aircraft structures, automobiles, and rail-end bolt joints are limited by fatigue damage around the holes. An effective approach to delay the formation and growth of fatigue macrocracks is to introduce residual hoop compressive stresses around the holes. Two methods have become established in the prestressing of fastener holes in aircraft components: split sleeve and split mandrel, which implement one-sided processes. The common disadvantage of both methods is the complex procedure due to the need for high accuracy of the initial holes. This article presents a new modified split mandrel method providing the same tightness (interference fit) with a wide tolerance of the pre-drilled hole diameters reducing the number of technological cycle steps and production costs. То implement the new method, a functionally connected tool and a device with a hydraulic drive were developed. An extensive experimental study of 2024-T3 AA specimens was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the method under a high scattering of the pre-drilled holes. The new method provided a deep zone of residual hoop compressive stresses on both faces of the specimens after cold working and after hole final reaming. The removal of a plastically deformed layer around the hole of suitable thickness during the final reaming decreased the axial gradient of residual hoop stress distribution. Fatigue tests on a tensile pulsating cycle verified the effectiveness of the modified split mandrel method to significantly increase the fatigue life by 6.6 times based on cycle fatigue strength compared to the conventional case of machining the holes. The obtained S-N curves for three groups of samples with initial hole diameters of 8.0, 8.1, and 8.2 mm which were cold worked with the same tightness of 0.32 mm and final reamed, aligned well indicating that the new method can provide constant fatigue strength for a given stress amplitude.
The Role of Microbubble Dose in Combined Microflotation of Fine Particles
Authors: Rulyov Nickolaj
Published: December 2023

Flotation of small particles is one of the global challenges facing the mineral raw materials processing industry. Large amounts of non-ferrous and rare metals are lost in the flotation tailings in the form of mineral particles below 15 µm in size as a result of the low effectiveness of their capture by coarse bubbles generated in conventional flotation machines. The method of combined microflotation, which is being developed in recent years, uses not only coarse but also microbubbles (MB) produced in the stand-alone generator of air-in-water microdispersion, which serves as the flotation carriers. Depending on the dose of MB, the effect of their application may be both positive, but also negative. The theoretical analysis of various mechanisms of particle transfer onto the surface of coarse bubbles and further into the froth layer allowed to obtain the formula for the optimal MB dose f=2dddpρp, where dd is MB size; dp and ρp respectively are the size and the density of particles. Experiments performed on the copper ore flotation tailings at the Atalaya Mining (Spain) and Chaarat Kapan (Armenia) concentrators showed that, besides the optimal MB dose in the range of 1-3 ml/g, there is another optimal MB dose in the range of 10-20 ml/g, where the copper recovery increases by several percent compared to the reference test (f= 0). In the area between the optimal MB doses, the deep minimum in copper recovery is observed, which value is by several percent lower compared to the value in the reference test.
Evaluation of Bacterial Wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) Resistance in a Set of USDA Tomato Germplasm
Authors: Phiri Theresa , Bhattarai Gehendra , Chiwina Kenani , Fan Qiurong , Xiong Haizheng , Alatawi Ibtisam , Dickson Ryan , Joshi Neelendra K , Rojas Alejandro , Ling Kai-Shu , Shi Ainong
Published: December 2023

Bacterial wilt (BW), caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is one of the devastating diseases of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The use of resistant cultivars and breeding for genetic resistance is the most effective, economical, and environmentally friendly management strategy for this disease. It is necessary to screen diverse germplasm and cultivated genotypes to identify resistant resources and to develop resistant cultivars in tomatoes to combat the changing pathogen isolates. This study evaluated 40 United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) tomato accessions for their BW resistance to R. solanacearum isolate P822 under greenhouse conditions. The tomato plants were inoculated and visually assessed to observe symptoms and disease severity was scored on a scale of 0 to 4 (0 = no leaf wilted, 1 = 25% of leaves wilted, 2 = 50% leaves wilted, 3 = 75% of leaves wilted, 4 = 100% leaves wilted). Five accessions PI 645370, PI 647306, PI 600993, PI 355110, and PI 270210 were observed as BW resistance with PI 645370 showing the greatest resistance. The broad-sense heritability was estimated as 59.9% based on a 0-4 scale of disease incidence and 42.8% based on the disease severity index for BW resistance. Two distinct clusters (sub-populations) were detected among 39 of the 40 accessions, consisting of 3 and 2 BW resistant accessions in each cluster, respectively, suggesting differences in the genetic base in the five resistance accessions. The resistant accessions will contribute significantly to the tomato breeding program to develop new cultivars with BW resistance.
Review of Related Factors for Persistent Risk of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Varghese Nevin , Majeed Amry , Nyalakonda Suraj , Boortalary Tina , Halegoua-DeMarzio Dina , Hann Hie-Won
Published: December 2023

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the largest global cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current HBV treatment options include pegylated interferon-alpha and nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), which have been shown to be effective in reducing HBV DNA levels to become undetectable. However, literature has shown that some patients have persistent risk of developing HCC. The mechanism in which this occurs is not fully elucidated, however it has been discovered that HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) integrates into critical HCC driver genes in hepatocytes upon initial infection and are not targets of current NA therapy. Some studies suggest that HBV undergoes compartmentalization in peripheral blood mononuclear cells that serve as a sanctuary for replication during antiviral therapy. The aim of this review is to expand on how patients with HBV may develop HCC despite years of HBV viral suppression and carry worse prognosis than treatment-naive HBV patients who develop HCC. Furthermore, HCC recurrence after initial surgical or locoregional treatment in this setting may cause carcinogenic cells to be-have more aggressively in the treatment experienced. Curative novel therapies targeting the life cycle of HBV, modulating the host immune response, and inhibiting HBV RNA translation are being investigated.
How Digital Economy drive the Optimization and Upgrading of Industrial Structure? the Mediating Effect of Innovation and the Role of Economic Resilience
Authors: Song Yicheng , Jiang Yuantao
Published: December 2023

The digital economy (DE) has become a major force driving the optimization and upgrading of industrial structures (ISOU), and research on the driving mechanism has yet to be verified. To this end, the driving influence of DE on the ISOU is targeted, and the role played by economic resilience (ER) and innovation is explored. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, the driving influence of the DE on the ISOU is analyzed using a two-way fixed-effects model. The empirical study finds that the DE presents a positive driving effect on both industrial structure advancement and rationalization, and the driving effect is still significant after the addition of control variables and the robust-type test with one period of lag; the DE presents regional differences in ISOU, with the driving effect of the DE on industrial structure advancement in the eastern region having a more significant performance than that of the central and western regions, and the driving influence on the rationalization of industrial structure in the eastern and western regions exceeds that in the central region; the impact of DE on the ISOU has a mediating role through innovation, ER has a moderating role in the process, and innovation as a partial mediator also has a threshold effect, and finally countermeasure suggestions are put forward.
Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Infection (HPV 16/18) and Associated Factors among Women in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia 2021
Authors: getinet mamaru
Published: December 2023

Background: Human papillomavirus is a common pathogen that infects the skin and mucosal epithelium, is transmitted sexually; causes condylomas or squamous cell carcinomas. Two (16 and 18) of the 150 HPV serotypes are oncogenic types. Studies have been done on the infection by oncogenic human papillomavirus 16/18 and associated factors are found to be very limited in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of oncogenic human papillomavirus infection (HPV 16/18) and associated factors among women. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 337 women screened for cervical cancer in two hospitals in East Gojjam Zone from February to April 2021 G.C. Four BSc-qualified nurses who worked in the chosen hospitals collected the data using pretested questionnaire and an HPV test (OncoE6TM Cervical Test) specific to HPV16/18 in cervical swabs. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the prevalence and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the associated factors of HPV16/18 infection. Finally, statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05.Results: The prevalence of HPV infection was 14.2% (95% CI: 10.7% -18.1%). The mean age of the respondents was 36.7±9.1 years. Women with the age group of 55-65 years (AOR = 7.91, 95% CI: 1.95-32.09), early initiation of sexual intercourse (AOR = 5.36, 95% CI: 1.58-18.13), history of sexually transmitted infection (STI) (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI: 1.27-9.72), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive status (AOR = 6.8, 95% CI: 1.99-23.54), and number of lifetime sexual partners (AOR = 4.37, 95% CI: 1.15-17.3) were important independent factors associated with the presence of oncogenic HPV infection. Conclusion and Recommendation: We found a relatively low prevalence of high-risk HPV infection. Age, early initiation of sexual intercourse at less than 18 years, STI of women, being HIV seropositive, and a number of sexual partners were important factors for high-risk HPV infection. Women aged > 46 years, women with early initiation of sex, a history of STI, being HIV positive, and a history of multiple sexual partners should be encouraged to be screened and vaccinated for HPV infection. Wider-ranging studies are also needed in HPV-infected women in association with the cervical lesion.
Deformations of Single-Crystal Silicon Circular Plate: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Lychev Sergey Aleksandrovich , Digilov Alexander Vyacheslavovich , Demin Gleb Dmitrievich , Gusev Evgeney Eduardovich , Kushnarev Ivan Vasilievich , Djuzhev Nikolay Alekseevich , Bespalov Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2023

In the paper the experimental methodology for the single-crystal circular plate deformation measurement and subsequent procedure for mechanical properties quantitation are developed. The procedure is based on a new numerical-analytical solution of nonlinear boundary-value problem for finite deformations of a circular anisotropic plate. Using the developed method, a study of the deformation of single-crystal circular plates formed on the basis of a silicon-on-insulator structure was carried out. The values of residual stresses are determined and it is shown that the presence of these stresses increases the flexural rigidity of the plate in several times.
Software Platform for Comprehensive Testing of Transmission Protocols Developed in GNU Radio
Authors: Stef Mihai Petru , Polgar Zsolt Alfred
Published: December 2023

With the constant growth of Software Defined Radio (SDR) technologies in wireless communications related fields the need for efficient ways to test and evaluate the Physical Layer (PHY) protocols developed for these technologies in real life traffic scenarios become more critical. This paper proposes a software testbed that enhances the creation of network environments that allow feeding GNU Radio applications with test traffic in a simple way and through an interoperable interface. This makes possible the use of any traffic generator, existent one or custom built to evaluate the GNU Radio application. In addition, the paper proposes an efficient way to collect PHY layer specific monitoring data that improves the performance of the critical components of the message delivery path by employing the Protocol Buffers library. The paper considers the entire testing and evaluation ecosystem and demonstrates how PHY layer specific monitoring information is collected, handled, stored, and processed as time series allowing complex visualization and real time monitoring.
Unraveling the Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Mutations: Insights from Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Kinetics
Authors: Nurrohman Devi Taufiq , Chiu Nan-Fu
Published: December 2023

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology has been known as a powerful tool for studying biomolecular interactions because it offers real-time and label-free multiparameter analysis with high sensitivity. This article summarizes the results that have been obtained from the use of SPR technology in studying the dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mutations. This paper will begin by introducing the working principle of SPR and the kinetic parameters of the sensorgram which include the association rate constant (ka), dissociation rate constant (kd), equilibrium association constant (KA), and equilibrium dissociation constant (KD). At the end of the section, we will summarize kinetic data on the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with different variants with various ligands which were obtained from the results of SPR signal analysis. These affinity-related kinetic data are very useful both in drug discovery for therapeutic purposes and in the detection of SARS-CoV-2.
Research on the Influence Mechanism of Digital Infrastructure Construction on the Digital Transformation of Tourism Enterprises Based on the "Broadband China" Policy
Authors: Shi Jianzhong , Zhang Yujie , Xu Yuying
Published: December 2023

Digital infrastructure is the basic guarantee for digital transformation, it is of practical significance to discuss how to effectively use digital infrastructure construction to promote the digital transformation of tourism enterprises. This paper examines the impact of digital infrastructure construction on tourism enterprises based on the "Broadband China" policy as a quasi-natural experiment. A-share tourism listed enterprises from 2010 to 2021 are studied using the double difference method. Findings indicate that digital infrastructure construction positively and significantly influences the digital transformation of tourism enterprises, driven by digital leadership and innovation capabilities. State-owned, small-scale, and high-growth tourism enterprises benefit more from this transformation. The results suggested that the state should develop differentiated digital infrastructure plans based on the specific conditions of different tourism enterprises. Additionally, tourism enterprises should enhance digital leadership and innovation capabilities through strategic changes and digital applications to amplify the impact of digital infrastructure on their transformation.
Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Fruit Extract Lowers SREBP-1c and C/EBPα in Liver and Alters Various PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, LXR-α Target Genes in Cholesterol-Rich Diet Rabbit Model
Authors: Danielewski Maciej , Rapak Andrzej , Kruszyńska Angelika , Małodobra-Mazur Małgorzata , Oleszkiewicz Paweł , Dzimira Stanislaw , Kucharska Alicja Zofia , Słupski Wojciech , Matuszewska Agnieszka , Nowak Beata , Szeląg Adam , Piórecki Narcyz , Zaleska-Dorobisz Urszula , Sozański Tomasz
Published: December 2023

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits, abundant in iridoids and anthocyanins, are natural products with proven beneficial impact on the functions of the cardiovascular system and the liver. The aim of this study is to stipulate and compare whether and to what extent two different doses of resin-puriﬁed cornelian cherry extract (10 mg/kg b.w. or 50 mg/kg b.w.) applied in a cholesterol-rich diet rabbit model affect the levels of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, ATP-binding cassette transporter G1, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α, sterol regulatory ele-ment-binding protein 1c, fatty acid synthase, endothelial lipase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, and adiponectin receptor 2 in liver tissue; lipoprotein lipase, visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor, and retinol-binding protein 4 in visceral adipose tissue; resistive index of com-mon carotid arteries and aortas, and histopathological changes in CCAs. Obtained outcomes are referred to the results of our previous works. Moreover, our study, to our knowledge, test the in-fluence of Cornus derivative on CPT1A, AdipoR2, RBP4, LIPG, and vaspin for the first time, with a relevant outcome for the first three. Oral administration of the cornelian cherry extract decreased the SREBP-1c and C/EBPα in both doses. The dose of 10 mg/kg b.w. increased ABCA1 and de-creased FAS, CPT1A, and RBP4, and the dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. enhanced ABCG1 and AdipoR2. Mitigation in atheromatous changes in rabbits’ CCAs was also observed. The beneficial results confirm that cornelian cherry fruit extract may constitute a potentially effective product in the prevention and treatment of obesity-related disorders.
The Arthroscopic Biceps Rerouting Technique Shows Better Early Clinical Outcomes within 1 Year than Partial Repair in Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Park Hyung-Seok , Ham Kwon-Hyoung , Kim Yang-Soo
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives: The arthroscopic biceps rerouting (BR) technique was introduced as a novel technique for large-to-massive rotator cuff tears (LMRCT). This method can restore shoulder stability, and its biomechanical effect was verified in a cadaver experiment. Recent reports have shown favourable clinical outcomes. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of partial repair with those of BR technique in LMRCT. Materials and Methods: We included 72 patients who had undergone LMRCT. Arthroscopic partial repair was performed in 31 patients (group I), while repair with the BR technique was performed in 41 patients (group II). Functional and imaging outcomes were evaluated and compared using a visual analogue scale for pain, range of motion (ROM), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant score, and Korean Shoulder Score (KSS) before the surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery and at the last follow-up. Tendon integrity was investigated using magnetic resonance in all the patients at 12 months postoperative. Results: Mean follow-up period was 22.11 ± 10.47 months (range, 12–53 months). Forward flexion (P=0.02) and external rotation at the side (P=0.04) were significantly higher in group II than in group I on postoperative day (POD) 12. For internal rotation, group II showed significant improvement compared to group I on POD 3 (P=0.002) and at six months postoperative (P=0.01). On POD 12, the ASES (P=0.047) and KSS (P=0.048) were better in group II. Signiﬁcant improvements in pain and clinical scores were observed in both groups at the last follow-up. However, there were no significant differences in pain, clinical scores, or ROM between the two groups at the last follow-up. Retear of the repaired tendon was observed in nine patients in group I (29.03%) and 8 in group II (19.51%, P = 0.35). Conclusions: Partial repair and repair using the BR technique effectively improved clinical and radiologic outcomes. The BR technique revealed early recovery of ROM and better clinical results than partial repair until one year postoperatively. This could be a useful method in LMRCT.