bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektifitas Mata Kuliah Al Islam Kemuhammadiyahan dalam Pembentukan Akhlakul Karimah Mahasiswa (Studi Deskriptif Analitis di Universitas Muhammadiyah Pekajangan Pekalongan)
Authors: Setianto Gigih , Risdiani Risdiani
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the effectiveness of Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah courses in constructing the morality of students at the University of Muhammadiyah Pekajangan Pekalongan. This article was written using a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques took the form of observation, documentation and interviews. Through the use of these methods, this article found that Al-Islam and Muhammadiyah courses were effective in constructing good morality of the students, both in terms of their ‘noble characters’ (akhlakul karimah) towards Allah, themselves, their family, other people and environment. More specifically, the construction of noble characters towards Allah includes absolute monotheism, praying only to Allah, abstain from believing in superstition, abstain from maintaining amulets, abstain from visiting shamans, being grateful for Allah's blessings, being patient with worldly tests from Allah, worshiping Allah well and properly. The construction of noble characters towards students themselves includes being honest, being a hard worker, trustworthy, disciplined, simple, polite, confident and willing to introspect. The construction of noble characters towards the family includes being devoted to their parents, establishing friendship with the family members maintaining good communication with the family, caring for family members, easing their parents’ burden. The construction of noble characters towards others includes caring for ‘the weak and the helpless’ (mustadzafin), caring to help others, establishing mutual cooperation, and tolerance. At the same time, the construction of noble characters towards the environment includes keeping it clean, using water wisely, reducing plastic waste, rejecting mining which potentially damages the environment, preserving the environment by planting trees and taking care of animals
Aplicação de Corticóide Intratimpânico em surdez súbita: Um relato de caso de sucesso terapêutico
Authors: Passos Fabio Manoel dos
Published: January 2021

A surdez súbita é caracterizada pela premência otorrinolaringológica, de caráter neurossensorial, sem fator etiológico definido. O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir o tratamento de uma paciente portadora de tal prognóstico. Será discutido a perda brusca de audição e os benefícios do tratamento precoce para obter um melhor prognóstico. O uso de corticoides já está bem sedimentado diante das literaturas e suas vias de administração fortemente estruturadas. O artigo descreve um caso bem-sucedido de tratamento utilizando aplicação intratimpânica de corticoide em uma paciente com surdez súbita.
Prevención de la sarcopenia en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson: Revisión descriptiva desde la medicina preventiva
Authors: Rodríguez-López Melissa , Sánchez-Tuyú Jennifer Lucelly , Mendez-Dominguez Nina
Published: January 2021

Resumen: La enfermedad de Parkinson ocupa el segundo lugar de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas más comunes en el mundo. La sarcopenia se caracteriza por dinapenia y en los adultos mayores con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Parkinson acelera su progresión. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir el estado sarcopénico y la importancia de su prevención en los adultos mayores con enfermedad de Parkinson, así como ofrecer una revisión de las medidas de prevención primaria, secundaria y terciaria pertinentes para su abordaje. Si bien  el deterioro y la gravedad de la enfermedad de Parkinson se relaciona directamente con el estado sarcopénico del paciente mediante el abordaje disciplinario, la medicina preventiva puede favorecer la calidad de vida de los pacientes mediante medidas de promoción, diagnóstico oportuno, tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico y limitación de la progresión de la sarcopenia.Abstract: Parkinson's disease ranks second among the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the world. Sarcopenia is characterized by dynapenia and in older adults diagnosed with Parkinson's disease accelerates its progression. The objective of the present review is to describe the sarcopenic state and the importance of its prevention in older adults with Parkinson's disease, as well as to offer a review of primary prevention measures, secondary and tertiary relevant to its approach. Although the deterioration and severity of Parkinson's disease is directly related to the sarcopenic state of the patient through the disciplinary approach, preventive medicine can favor the quality of life of patients through promotional measures, timely diagnosis, pharmacological treatment and not pharmacological and limiting the progression of sarcopenia.
JOGO EM ARTETERAPIA COM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS
Authors: Valladares-Torres Ana Cláudia Afonso , Silva Edith Fernanda Alves da
Published: January 2021

Introdução: A arteterapia é uma das práticas terapêuticas criativas e lúdicas que pode ser utili-zada para o público infantojuvenil com câncer para que expressem suas emoções. Objetivos: Descrever e analisar os sentimentos expressos pelo público infantojuvenil com doenças crôni-cas durante uma intervenção lúdica de Arteterapia. Método: Estudo de abordagem mista, des-critiva e exploratória. Foi desenvolvida uma intervenção lúdica em Arteterapia individual com quatorze crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas. O período de coleta de dados foi de fevereiro a novembro de 2018. Resultados: Foram definidos os sentimentos de análise, a sa-ber: saudade, esperança, preocupação, ansiedade, tranquilidade e tristeza. Por meio deste es-tudo-piloto, compreendeu-se que o uso de recursos lúdicos em Arteterapia favoreceu a emer-gência da representação internalizada pelo trauma. Conclusões: Este estudo-piloto pode ser uma estratégia lúdica em enfermagem que contribui para facilitar a expressão de sentimentos de crianças e de adolescentes.
ÉTICA EM ENFERMAGEM: PERCEPÇÕES DE ACADÊMICOS SOBRE A CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Pissaia Luiz Felipe , Costa Arlete Eli Kunz da , Moreschi Claudete
Published: January 2021

Este estudo possui o objetivo de compreender as percepções de acadêmicos sobre o perfil éti-co profissional almejado na contemporaneidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descri-tiva e exploratória realizada com 13 participantes de uma universidade do interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foi utilizado um questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados e a análise seguiu aproximações com a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Os achados permeiam a identificação do perfil ético de respeito, empatia e humanização, além da ciência sobre a legislação vigente. Quanto ao ensino da ética para a enfermagem, preconizou-se a utili-zação de estratégias que possibilitem a experimentação e as vivências acadêmicas com a co-munidade, construindo os preceitos em conjunto com o paciente. Considera-se que o profissi-onal contemporâneo possui uma formação consciente com seu papel social e comprometido com o cuidado à população.
The Vitruvian Man by Leonardo: Image and Text
Authors: Laurenza Domenico
Published: January 2021

This article analyses the nature and content of the so-called Vitruvian man by Leonardo, a study dealing with the proportions of the human body. The essay opens with an analysis of topics such as the image as the first element to be set out onto the page and its influence on the graphic arrangement of the text; the ambiguity between a private study and a study to be published; the dimension of the single page. It then proceeds towards an analysis of Leonardo's drawing as an attempt to visualize in a perfect way a text by Vitruvius and the conception of the visual language as a philological instrument.
'Before the World Collapsed Because of the War': The City of Fiume in the Poetry of Gianni Angelo Grohovaz
Authors: Eisenbichler Konrad
Published: January 2021

The article examines how the "native city" is constructed and remembered in the works of the Italian refugee and later emigrant, Gianni Angelo Grohovaz. Born in Fiume (Italy) in 1926, Grohovaz was forced to abandon his city when it was ceded, as spoils of war, to Yugoslavia. After eventually emigrating to Canada, Grohovaz became not only an eloquent voice on behalf of Italian-Canadians, but also a passionate poet for a world and a civilization destroyed, in his view, first by the aftermath of the war and then by Italy's own perfidy towards Fiume and Istria. Though never able to overcome the pain, Grohovaz does eventually reconcile himself with this irreparable loss of a home, a hometown, and a way of life by suggesting that Canada is, in some ways, very much like Fiume and Fiume is, in some ways, very much like Christ.
Human Generation, Memory and Poetic Creation: From the Purgatorio to the Paradiso
Authors: Ureni Paola
Published: January 2021

Statius’ scientific digression on the generation of the fetus and the formation of the fictive body in the afterlife occupies a large part of canto XXV of Dante’s Purgatorio. This article will examine the metaphorical relevance of that technical exposition to Dante’s poetics. The analogy between procreation and poetic creation appears to be consistent once the scientific lesson on embryology of canto XXV is understood as mirroring the definition of the Dolce Stil Novo offered by Dante in the previous canto (Purg. XXIV). The second part of this article stresses the importance of cantos XXIV and XXV as an authorization to investigate the presence, in Dante’s Comedy, of a particular notion of purely rational memory derived from Augustine’s speculation. The allusion to an Augustinian conception of memory in Purgatorio XXV opens the possibility of considering its presence in the precisely intellectual dimension of Paradiso.
“Godo d’essere italiano” : Saverio Almatura tra letteratura e arti figurative del Risorgimento
Authors: Caputo Vincenzo
Published: January 2021

L’intervento si pone l’obiettivo di analizzare lo scritto autobiografico del pittore Saverio Altamura (1896). Tra la fine dell’Ottocento e l’inizio del Novecento numerosi artisti, napoletani di nascita o d’adozione (Altamura era nato a Foggia, ma si era formato nella città partenopea), elaborano una serie di testi autobiografici, i quali risultano importanti per poter ricostruire le vicende culturali italiane all’altezza del XIX secolo (tra questi artisti ricordiamo, tra gli altri, Bernardo Celentano, Gioacchino Toma, Michele Cammarano, Domenico Morelli, Edoardo Dalbono). Nell’opera di Altamura, in particolar modo, gli interessi artistici si sovrappongono a quelli politici in un miscuglio nel quale grande importanza è affidata anche al tema amoroso. Trasporre sul piano letterario vicende avvenute decenni prima rispetto al tempo della scrittura significa, però, anche ripensare in maniera critica a quelle vicende. Nell’ultimo capitolo dell’autobiografia Altamura torna con la mente alla rivolta napoletana del 15 maggio 1848, alla quale egli aveva partecipato. Un dubbio lacera la coscienza dell’anziano artista. È il dubbio di aver generato la morte di due contadini che cercavano di abbattere la barricata di Largo Carità. Una macchia cruenta, così, finisce per imbrattare la tela del racconto risorgimentale disegnata con la penna dal pittore meridionale.
On Dark Laughter: Leopardi’s and Beckett’s Humour
Authors: Cauchi-Santoro Roberta
Published: January 2021

The desire not to desire is crucial to Samuel Beckett and Giacomo Leopardi. Beckett explores this theme in Proust where Leopardi’s poem “A Se Stesso” is thrice quoted. Before citing this poem, Beckett catalogues Leopardi as one of the philosophers who proposed the only impossible solution—the removal of desire—to living. Leopardi expresses the desire of not desiring in his posthumously-collected Manuale di Filosofia Pratica. There is thus a fundamental common terrain in Leopardi’s and Beckett’s existential enquiry. This apparently negative and pessimistic outlook in both authors is a leading thread that has received critical attention. My contention, nonetheless, is that while both Leopardi and Beckett aspire to the ablation of desire, the two authors are neither nihilists nor pessimists. It is through their humour that both Leopardi and Beckett introduce a paradoxical in-between space for desire. The humorous moment conceals repressed desire, albeit it also strives to allow that same characteristic of human fallibility- desire- to be manifested. It is in this dual act that humour in Leopardi and Beckett is inextricably linked to something unsettling, grimacing but also potentially liberating.
Tre donne sole: Pavese’s Women in Search of a Modern Identity
Authors: Giufre Stacy
Published: January 2021

“Tre Donne Sole: Pavese’s Women in Search of a Modern Identity” analyzes the representation of women in three of Cesare Pavese’s works: “Pensieri di Dina,” La bella estate, and Tra donne sole. This article argues that the depiction of women and gender in these texts is more modern and complex than one might originally suspect considering Pavese’s reputation as a misogynist and the essentialist claims that appear throughout his work.
La pecora nera di Ascanio Celestini o della desoggettivizzazione
Authors: Barbalato Beatrice
Published: January 2021

I bambini di Ascanio Celestini hanno un’identità incerta, i loro caratteri trasmigrano, si espandono come malattie esantematiche. la loro visione del mondo è fluida e nomade. È una cifra che troviamo in quasi tutti i suoi lavori. Questo saggio analizza La pecora nera, un’opera in cui il processo di desoggettivizzazione acquista un peso particolare perché Nicola è un internato di un ospedale psichiatrico, e la sua patologia ne fa un migrante psichico. Con Ascanio Celestini siamo agli antipodi del teatro ottocentesco, volto a far identificare lo spettatore nel dramma di protagonisti dal profilo psicologico preciso. Assistiamo ad un procedimento di spossessamento identitario, di pensiero ‘debole,’ come fattore di un nuovo dialogo, apertura, capacità di interscambio. Lo status di bambino, presente in quasi tutti i lavori di Celestini non designa un’età anagrafica, ma piuttosto un modo di essere e di osservare il mondo circostante.
La voce dei poeti alla corte aragonese. La festa e il teatro
Authors: Bortoletti Francesca
Published: January 2021

Nella Napoli dei Re d’Aragona (1442–1504) le presenze della poesia orale nei luoghi dell’intrattenimento umanistico e del teatro aragonese giocano un ruolo determinante nel cerimoniale cortigiano e nelle strategie di politica culturale del Regno Aragonese. Il presente studio mira a rintracciare esempi di scritture, storie e materiali legati a una recitazione estemporanea replicabile in diverse occasioni di cerimoniali di corte o degli episodi politici. Una recitazione che non può essere compresa se non messa in relazione con una visione unitaria della festa di corte che qui si propone di investigare attraverso le presenze della voce del ‘nuovo’ poeta umanista — diplomatico e oratore, storico e cerimoniere, poeta e performer — e delle sue pratiche dicitorie e recitative nella società di corte.
L’Aridosia (1536): une comedie avant la tragedie
Authors: Plaisance Michel
Published: January 2021

La découverte d’un nouveau manuscrit de l’Aridosia apporte un éclairage complémentaire sur cette comédie qui a peut-être été représentée pour la première fois à l’occasion de la fête des saints Côme et Damien en septembre 1536. Elle permet aussi de voir que le manuscrit Riccardiano, à la base de toutes les éditions modernes, a corrigé et régularisé une rédaction antérieure dont le nouveau manuscrit parait plus proche. Mais l’essentiel de l’étude porte sur l’interprétation de la comédie dont est analysée la riche complexité et où l’on retrouve, transposée dans le registre comique que Lorenzino dominait parfaitement, la situation personnelle d’un Médicis appartenant à la branche cadette, inscrit dans une tradition antityrannique, de plus en plus dépendant d’un Médicis de la branche aînée. Comme le relevait Antonfrancesco Doni, la comédie allait être suivie, très vite, d’une tragédie, l’assassinat d’Alexandre.
The Nineteenth-Century Italian Translators of Lord Byron’s Marino Faliero
Authors: Portelli Sergio
Published: January 2021

The tragic story of Marino Faliero, the Doge of Venice who was executed for high treason in 1355, came to the attention of writers and artists of various European countries during the early nineteenth century thanks to a number of historians who published insightful works on the history of the Venetian Republic. Among those who were fascinated by the irascible old warrior who tried to overthrow the oligarchy on becoming head of state was Lord Byron. In 1821, the English poet published the historical drama Marino Faliero, Doge of Venice on the tragic end of a hero whose personal grievances with the Venetian Senate intertwined with an ill-fated plebeian rebellion against the nobility. Byron’s popularity in Italy brought the story to the attention of Italian romantic literary circles, where it was not only appreciated as a tragedy of honour and revenge, but also for its ideological implications in the context of the Risorgimento. This study focuses on the three translators who produced the first complete Italian versions of Byron’s play published in the nineteenth century, namely Pasquale De Virgili, Giovan Battista Cereseto, and Andrea Maffei. Based on André Lefevere’s theory on rewriting, it analyses the ideological and poetological reasons behind the translations, how the translators’ intentions shaped the target texts, as well as the impact these translations had on Italian literature and the arts. The strategies adopted by the translators are also illustrated through a comparative textual analysis of a sample passage.
Eros and Evanescence in the Decameron: The Weave of Love, Time, and Memory
Authors: Kircher Timothy
Published: January 2021

This essay studies the interplay between the emotion of love and the sense of its transience, as the interplay is featured in the three authorial interventions of the Proem, the Introduction to Day 4, and the Conclusion. The author returns time and again to this interplay, emphasizing the role of memory throughout these interventions. While Boccaccio identifies eros as a guiding impulse for his story-telling and showcases sexual desire as a main theme of both the comic and tragic novelle, this study looks at the way the passages present love as highlighting the temporal nature of human existence, which, in its mortal finitude, relies on remembrance, especially the recollection of love’s transient sway, in order to foster a sensibility for life’s wholeness.

The study’s approach is phenomenological. It examines the manner in which Boccaccio displays appearances—of character, mood, or circumstance—within a temporal frame. Phenomena surface and vanish in time, while being retained in memory. Above all in these three interventions Boccaccio reminds his readers to keep in view the timing of love, its absence and presence, as they become aware of their own ageing and mortality while traveling with the author through his narrative.
Fiction with Fiction: Confessing to Dante in Decameron I.1
Authors: Marchesi Simone
Published: January 2021

This essay addresses one specific element of Decameron I.1, the curious order in which the holy friar questions Ciappelletto in his confession, and relates it to the larger dialogue Boccaccio establishes with Dante’s Commedia. By avoiding the canonical models of confessing penitents, which traditionally unfolded according to the Decalogue, the seven deadly sins, or the sinner’s circumstances, the confession proceedings in the first novella evoke most distinctively and idiosyncratically the order of sins in Dante’s hell. Dante’s authoritative but not canonical text about the Christian afterlife, thus, colors our reading of the first novella of the new work, in which the protagonist, narrator, and author are all similarly involved in the making of a fiction.
L’engagement in Italia tra passato e presente: Il caso Tabucchi
Authors: Gallotta Gianmarco
Published: January 2021

Lo scopo di questo contributo è una presentazione del quadro intellettuale italiano attraverso l’espressione di uno degli scrittori più rappresentativi del secolo scorso: Antonio Tabucchi (1943–2012). Analizzando la componente “impegnata” nei romanzi più rappresentativi, la cui tematica è stata largamente trattata dalla critica, l’articolo intende soffermarsi particolarmente sul suo ruolo di intellettuale, rintracciando tale influenza in articoli giornalistici, e spesso in veri e propri dibattiti iniziati dallo scrittore toscano. Si è preferito tralasciare l’insieme degli articoli redatti per Micromega e per Le Monde, per soffermarsi maggiormente sull’analisi degli articoli in difesa dell’ex-direttore di Lotta continua Adriano Sofri (1942), che sembrano immediatamente rimandare alla difesa zoliana del comandante Alfred Dreyfus.
La vita che ti diedi di Luigi Pirandello e L’attesa di Piero Messina
Authors: Sanguineti Katz Giuliana
Published: January 2021

Questo articolo esamina in primo luogo il dramma di Pirandello La vita che ti diedi del 1923 e in secondo luogo il film L’attesa, del 2015, in cui il regista Piero Messina, ispirandosi al lavoro di Pirandello, ha creato un’opera profondamente originale. Sia il dramma sia il film svolgono il tema di una madre che non riesce ad accettare la morte del suo unico figlio e cerca di mantenere l’illusione che sia ancora vivo nascondendo la notizia della sua morte alla donna che lo ama e che viene a trovarlo. Nel dramma la madre trova sollievo al suo stato d’animo attraverso il suo bisogno costante di comunicare i suoi sentimenti con vari personaggi e si difende dall’angoscia della perdita negando che sia avvenuta, anche se alla fine deve accettare la realtà. Nel film L’attesa, il regista Piero Messina, pur mantenendo intatto il tema principale del dramma, trasforma l’esperienza dello spettatore sostituendo ai lunghi discorsi di Pirandello la forza delle immagini e portando la vicenda ai giorni nostri. I protagonisti comunicano tramite messaggi telefonici e sono le musiche di Ben Lukas Boysen, Alexander Knaifel e Arvo Pärt che sottolineano i momenti più tristi della storia. Ma sono soprattutto i paesaggi, gli interni e il folclore siciliani che segnano l’originalità del film e ci comunicano i sentimenti dei protagonisti. Mentre il dramma di Pirandello si svolge in una villa solitaria della campagna toscana, il film ha luogo in vari luoghi della Sicilia orientale e le riprese vanno dalla villa ottocentesca della madre vicino a Ragusa, all’areoporto di Comiso, ai crateri Silvestri ricoperti di lava ai piedi dell’Etna, al lago artificiale vicino a Ragusa, agli antichi mosaici romani di Piazza Armerina e infine alle cerimonie di Pasqua a Caltagirone. La vicenda del film si svolge poco prima di Pasqua e termina con le cerimonie pasquali, quando la madre cerca invano di rintracciare suo figlio scrutando i volti spettrali degli incappucciati, crede in una impossibile resurrezione, ma alla fine deve accettare la realtà della sua perdita e della propria solitudine.
Plurilingualism and Language Contact in Friuli Venezia Giulia: The State of the Research
Authors: Fusco Fabiana
Published: January 2021

As a crossroads between Eastern and Western Europe, throughout its history Friuli Venezia Giulia has always been a strategic political and economic site and has had several rulers (German patriarchs, Venetians, etc.). Consequently, the language of the ruling classes usually differed from that of the common people. Friulian was mostly considered the language of the lower classes and restricted to non-official and familiar circumstances. This attitude still persists today towards Italian, the official language, and some people feel uncomfortable using Friulian on official and formal occasions. Friulian speakers can, however, be considered bilingual speakers of Italian and Friulian. In fact, the use of Friulian, also in official contexts has always been an outstanding cultural and social issue which has raised very strong feelings both in favour of and against it. This essay presents and discusses plurilingualism and language contact in Friuli Venezia Giulia and focuses on the relations among the Friulian language and the other historical minorities (such as the Slovene and the German idioms) and the ‘new’ minorities (the so-called immigrant languages). It also describes the important language contact phenomena between Friulian and Italian which constitute an interesting sociolinguistic reality since the two languages are not always in opposition. The aim is to present a sociolinguistic study which wants to be a useful tool for measuring and assessing the state of languages in the Friulian community. It can also provide crucial information to those who are concerned with linguistic policy and planning, by offering hints that will enable them to develop appropriate actions within this protected territory.
Development of Geogebra-Assisted Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Tools to Improve Visual Thinking Skills in Mathematical Problem Solving Students of SMA Negeri 1 Samudera
Authors: Harahap Kholilah Amriani , Sinaga Bornok , Siagian Pargaulan
Published: January 2021

This study aims to produce valid, practical, and effective learning tools, as well as to analyze the improvement of visual thinking skills in problem solving for XI grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Samudera using mathematics learning tools oriented problem based learning assisted by GeoGebra. The data were obtained through the validation sheet of teaching materials, observation sheets, student response questionnaires, and instruments for testing the ability of visual thinking in solving mathematical problems. This study uses the Dick & Carey (1996) development model. Based on the results of the validity by the validator team, the average validity of the RPP was 4.51, LKPD was 4.22, and student books were 4.29. Expert / practitioner assessment which states that learning devices can be used with a few revisions and without revision, the results of interviews with teachers and students obtain information that learning devices can be used easily and the results of observations of the implementation of learning tools in class in the first trial of 81.67% and in the second trial of 87.22% and included in the good category. Learning devices in trial II, obtaining classical student learning completeness results have been achieved in trial II, namely 87.5%, the achievement of learning objectives has been achieved for each item in trial II, student responses are very positive to the device being developed and learning time does not exceed ordinary learning, namely three meetings.
Runo-Suomi vai ekologinen roistovaltio?
Authors: Ahmala Antti
Published: January 2021

Artikkelissani tarkastelen Pentti Linkolan tuotannossa esiintyvää puhetta suomalaisuudesta, luonnosta ja nykyajasta kiinnittäen huomiota erityisesti modernisaatioon kohdistuviin kielteisiin tunteisiin. Tutkin sitä, kuinka suomalainen kansanluonne, kulttuuriperinne ja kirjoittajan henkilökohtainen luontosuhde kietoutuvat Linkolan teksteissä yhteen. Linkola esittää monessa esseessään itsensä suomalaisen tunneyhteisön tulkitsijana, joka tiedostaa kirkkaasti ja pystyy siksi sanoittamaan sen, minkä muut vaistomaisesti ja ristiriitaisesti tuntevat: nykyajan mukavuudessa piilevän kurjuuden ja kaipuun entisen kaltaiseen, ekologisesti ja inhimillisesti kestävämpään elämänmuotoon. Artikkelissani osoitan, kuinka Linkolan tekstit pyrkivät ravistelemaan lukijansa hereille sekä järkiperäisen argumentaation että monitahoisen tunteiden dynamiikan kautta: puhumalla suomalaisesta ilosta ja ahdistuksesta, hyödyntämällä sanojen esteettisyyttä ja niiden luomaa tunnelmaa muun muassa luonnon kauneuden tai modernin elämän kurjuuden kuvauksissa, sekä provokaation, ironian ja huumorin affektiivisesti latautunein retorisin keinoin.
Cost-effectiveness analysis with direct-acting antivirals in a cohort of HCV-infected inmates in Italy
Authors: Ravasio Roberto , Lucania Luciano , Ranieri Roberto , Dominguez Raquel
Published: January 2021

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a strategy based on direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) versus no drug strategy in HCV-infected inmates, from the perspective of the Italian National Health System (iNHS).

Methods: A previous Markov model was adapted to the Italian setting to evaluate the direct medical costs and health outcomes (quality-adjusted life years, QALY) throughout the life of HCV-infected inmates. Epidemiological data, patient characteristics (genotype, METAVIR classification), DAAs sustained virological response (SVR), annual likelihood of transition, treatment costs and utilities were gathered from the literature. The DAAs strategy included the administration of elbasvir/grazoprevir or sofosbuvir/velpatasvir or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. Direct medical costs and QALYs were discounted at a 3.0% annual rate. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated as incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (€, 2019) per QALY gained. A deterministic sensitivity analysis (DSA) was performed.

Results: Over a lifetime horizon, the DAAs strategy showed higher health costs per patient compared to no drugs strategy in the base-case analysis (€ 42,571 vs. € 26,119). However, it was associated with an increase of QALYs gained (21.14 vs. 15.67), showing an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of € 3,010 per QALY. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the base-case results.

Conclusions: Extending the DAAs treatment to HCV-infected inmates was estimated to be cost effective from the perspective of the Italian NHS, regardless genotype and METAVIR classification.
ÇEVRESEL GÜRÜLTÜ NEDENİYLE KİRAYA VERENİN AYIBA KARŞI TEKEFFÜL SORUMLULUĞU
Authors: İLERİ Çiğdem
Published: January 2021

Manevi ayıp dolayısıyla kiralananın ayıplı hale gelmesi, uygulamada daha da artan bir sıklıkla ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın esas amacı, kira sözleşmesinde kiralananın manevi ayıp hallerinden biri olan çevresel gürültü nedeniyle ayıplı hale gelmesi sebebiyle kiraya verenin sorumluluğunu ve kiracının haklarını incelemektir. Türk hukukunda mesele, manevi ayıp bakımından genel hatlarıyla ele alınmış olmakla beraber, bilhassa çevresel gürültüye ilişkin Alman ve İsviçre hukukundaki detaylı öğreti görüşleri ve mahkeme kararları, Türk hukuku bakımından da yol gösterici niteliktedir. Genel itibariyle, kiraya veren, Türk Borçlar Kanununun 305/2. maddesi uyarınca kiralananı kira süresi boyunca kullanıma uygun bulundurmakla yükümlü olsa da, bu sorumluluğun kapsamı belirlenirken gürültünün yoğunluğu, süresi, etkisi gibi hukuki kriterler nazara alınmalı ve gürültü emisyonunun hangi şartlarda ayıp teşkil edeceği ile özellikle kira bedelinde indirim hakkı olmak üzere ayıptan doğan hakların ne şekilde kullanılacağı tespit edilmelidir. Tüm bu değerlendirmenin odağında ise kiracının gürültü sorunundan somut olarak etkilenip etkilenmediği sorusu yer almalıdır. En nihayetinde, kiralananın çevresel gürültü emisyonu nedeniyle ayıplı hale gelmesi konusunun hem öğreti hem de yargı organları tarafından da daha detaylı biçimde ele alınmaya muhtaç olduğu aşikârdır.
Preditores ambientais para quedas em idosos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Paiva Elenir Pereira de , Arreguy-Sena Cristina , Pinto Paulo Ferreira , Motta Vanessa Vieira da , Parreira Pedro Miguel dos Santos Dinis
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura os preditores ambientais de quedas em idosos. Metodologia: revisão integrativa da literatura incluiu-se investigações desenvolvidas que abordassem quedas no ambiente do idosos sem recorte temporal. Excluiu-se as revisões, estudos sem análises especificas para quedas no ambiente, e estudos com população de idosos em situações especiais. Consultou-se as bases de dados Lilacs, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science e portal PubMed, utilizando o descritor acidentes por quedas, seus correspondentes em português e o operador boleano AND. Para avaliar a qualidade dos estudos utilizou a escala de Newcastle-Ottawa. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 12 artigos. Resultados: Localizaram-se 07 estudos sendo: três estudos transversais e quatro coortes. O tamanho das amostras variou de 18 a 1.243 idosos e ano de publicação de 1998 a 2017, sendo os mais recentes 2013, 2015 e 2017. Os estudos abordaram equilíbrio e marcha, quedas autorreferidas e prevalência de riscos ambientais em sua maioria. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que os multifatores individuais e do ambiente predispõem aos indivíduos idosos às quedas.
Suplementação e desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de vacas primíparas aos 24 meses de idade
Authors: Lobato José Fernando Piva , Cadó Lucas Munareto , Poli Cèsar Henrique Espirito Candal , Jacondino Luiza Rodegheri , Souza Carolina Balbé de Oliveira de , Oliveira Alberto Balbé de , Pötter Luciana , Eloy Lidiane Raquel , Vaz Ricardo Zambarda
Published: January 2021

O objetivo do experimento foi analisar o desempenho reprodutivo de 42 vacas mestiças Angus primíparas aos 24/25 meses que receberam ou não um suplemento a 0,8% do peso corporal. O suplemento, com 14% proteína bruta e 70% de nutrientes digestíveis totais, foi fornecido por 30 dias pré-acasalamento, no período de transição entre pastagem cultivada para natural, sendo 23 dias em pastagem de aveia (Avena strigosa Schreb) e azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), e sete dias em pastagem natural. O método de pastoreio foi o contínuo com oferta de forragem média de 1450 e 2150 kg/ha de matéria seca para pastagem cultivada e natural, respectivamente. As primíparas foram distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado nos grupos não suplementado (controle) e suplementado conforme peso, escore de condição corporal e data de parto. Foram avaliados o desenvolvimento corporal das vacas e seus bezerros entre o início da suplementação até o diagnóstico de gestação. A suplementação não influenciou o peso e a condição corporal final das vacas (P>0,05). No entanto, o ganho diário médio das suplementadas e de seus bezerros (0,465 e 0,829 kg, respectivamente) foi superior (P<0,05) ao das não suplementadas (0,227 e 0,644 kg, respectivamente), resultando em maior peso ao desmame aos cinco meses dos bezerros (130,9 vs. 117,3 kg, respectivamente). As vacas suplementadas Aos 42 dias do acasalamento tinham maior prenhez (80,9 vs 28,6%) e ao término dos 63 dias do período a prenhez foi 80,9% vs 57,1% das não suplementadas. Vacas primíparas aos 24/25 meses de idade e que concebem têm maior peso e condição corporal ao início do acasalamento.
Composition and temporal dynamics of sand-dwelling dinoflagellate communities from three Mediterranean beaches
Authors: Reñé A , Hoppenrath M , Reboul G , Moreira D , López-García P
Published: January 2021

Compared to plankton, benthic communities are thought to be heterogeneous among sites and more stable through time; however, benthic protists in general, and sand-dwelling dinoflagellates in particular, have been scarcely studied, and their diversity remains mostly unknown. To test those claims, we studied the diversity, structure and temporal dynamics of benthic dinoflagellate communities in sandy sediments obtained from 3 NW Mediterranean Sea coastal locations during temperate spring and warm summer months. After separating protist cells from the substrate using the seawater-ice method, high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the V4 18S rRNA gene region followed by the analysis of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) showed similar richness, alpha-diversity, and community composition among sand-dwelling dinoflagellates at the 3 locations. Dinoflagellates affiliating with the Thoracosphaeraceae or Gymnodiniales sensu stricto were highly represented. In contrast, other well-known dinoflagellate taxa, such as Gonyaulacales or Dinophysales, were poorly represented or absent. Dinoflagellate communities showed significant differences between the 2 studied seasons, mainly driven by water temperature. Samples from temperate months had higher diversity and were more dissimilar, while samples from warmer months showed lower diversity and higher similarity. Some species were always present in the community, others only appeared sporadically, and some others showed clear differences between seasons. Our results suggest that large-scale changes (pointing to seasonality) prevail over spatial heterogeneity in shaping community composition. The 3 studied locations had a similar dinoflagellate community composed of sand-dwelling taxa, with many representatives of undescribed species, highlighting the need to further study the diversity of the benthic compartment.
Thermotography of the hands of a healthy person as a basis for thermal diagnosis (narrative review)
Authors: Volovik M. G. , Dolgov I. M.
Published: January 2021

This is a narrative literature review of current status of normal hand thermography, methods and technique of their acquisition and analysis. Some physiological processes underlying the thermography picture formation also discussed.
Neuropsychiatric features of current COVID-19 pandemic (analysis of foreign publications in 2020)
Authors: Madonov P. G. , Khidirova L. D. , Derisheva D. A.
Published: January 2021

The article presents a review of the scientific literature containing data on the features of neuropsychiatric disorders – complications from the nervous system against the background of viral load caused by SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19. Indirect effects of the virus such as encephalopathy, myopathy, and critical neuropathy can be caused by hypoxia, respiratory and metabolic acidosis, dysregulation of homeostasis due to organ failure, and autoimmune inflammatory and demyelinating processes. Binding to the receptors of APF2, which is a cardiovascular protection factor for various organs, the nervous system and skeletal muscles is a target for various types of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 can cause an increase in blood pressure- the main risk factor for ONMC. Thus, prospective neuropsychiatric monitoring of people exposed to SARS-CoV-2 at various stages of the life cycle, as well as their neuroimmune status, is necessary to fully understand the long-term impact of COVID-19 and to provide a basis for integrating psychoneuroimmunology into epidemiological studies of pandemics.
Low Energy Laser Treatments Control Annual Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)
Authors: Coleman Guy , Betters Christopher , Squires Caleb , Leon-Saval Sergio , Walsh Michael
Published: January 2021

Increasing concern for the ongoing availability and efficacy of herbicides is driving interest in the development of alternative physical and thermal weed control methods. Fortunately, improvements in weed detection through advancements in computing hardware and deep learning algorithms are creating an opportunity to use novel weed control tools, such as lasers, in large-scale cropping systems. For alternative control options, there are two key weed control timing opportunities, early and late post-crop emergence. Weed density for the early timing is typically higher, with a shorter window for control. Conversely, late post-emergent treatment of surviving and late-emerging weeds would occur in lower densities of larger and more variably sized weeds, given a prior weed control effort, but with a longer available weed control period. Research in laser weeding to date has primarily focused on early growth stage weeds and the ability of this approach to control larger weeds remains unknown. This study used a 25 W, 975 nm fiber-coupled diode laser to evaluate the opportunity for control of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) and the influence of four different growth stages (three-leaf, seven-leaf, mid-tillering, and late-tillering). Annual ryegrass plants at each growth stage were treated using a laser-focused to a 5 mm diameter with five different irradiation durations developing energy densities of 1.3, 2.5, 6.4, 19.1, and 76.4 J mm−2. At the three-leaf stage, all plants were controlled at 76.4 J mm−2 and 93.3% controlled at 19.1 J mm−2. Complete control of seven-leaf plants was only achieved at 76.4 J mm−2. Although laser treatments did not control mid-tillering stage plants, 76.4 J mm−2 reduced biomass by 60.2%. No similar reductions in biomass were recorded for the largest plants. This initial research assists in the development of novel weed control options in the context of large-scale conservation cropping systems. Future research should investigate the influence of laser treatments on additional weed species and the impact of increased laser power on larger weeds.
A Novel Macro-Micro Approach for Swimming Analysis in Main Swimming Techniques Using IMU Sensors
Authors: Hamidi Rad Mahdi , Gremeaux Vincent , Dadashi Farzin , Aminian Kamiar
Published: January 2021

Inertial measurement units (IMU) are proven as efficient tools for swimming analysis by overcoming the limits of video-based systems application in aquatic environments. However, coaches still believe in the lack of a reliable and easy-to-use analysis system for swimming. To provide a broad view of swimmers' performance, this paper describes a new macro-micro analysis approach, comprehensive enough to cover a full training session, regardless of the swimming technique. Seventeen national level swimmers (5 females, 12 males, 19.6 ± 2.1 yrs) were equipped with six IMUs and asked to swim 4 × 50 m trials in each swimming technique (i.e., frontcrawl, breaststroke, butterfly, and backstroke) in a 25 m pool, in front of five 2-D cameras (four under water and one over water) for validation. The proposed approach detects swimming bouts, laps, and swimming technique in macro level and swimming phases in micro level on all sensor locations for comparison. Swimming phases are the phases swimmers pass from wall to wall (wall push-off, glide, strokes preparation, swimming, and turn) and micro analysis detects the beginning of each phase. For macro analysis, an overall accuracy range of 0.83–0.98, 0.80–1.00, and 0.83–0.99 were achieved, respectively, for swimming bouts detection, laps detection and swimming technique identification on selected sensor locations, the highest being achieved with sacrum. For micro analysis, we obtained the lowest error mean and standard deviation on sacrum for the beginning of wall-push off, glide and turn (−20 ± 89 ms, 4 ± 100 ms, 23 ± 97 ms, respectively), on shank for the beginning of strokes preparation (0 ± 88 ms) and on wrist for the beginning of swimming (−42 ± 72 ms). Comparing the swimming techniques, sacrum sensor achieves the smallest range of error mean and standard deviation during micro analysis. By using the same macro-micro approach across different swimming techniques, this study shows its efficiency to detect the main events and phases of a training session. Moreover, comparing the results of both macro and micro analyses, sacrum has achieved relatively higher amounts of accuracy and lower mean and standard deviation of error in all swimming techniques.
PCR & Go: A Pre-installed Expression Chassis for Facile Integration of Multi-Gene Biosynthetic Pathways
Authors: Qi Mingming , Zhang Bei , Jiang Lihong , Xu Saijuan , Dong Chang , Du Yi-Ling , Zhou Zhan , Huang Lei , Xu Zhinan , Lian Jiazhang
Published: January 2021

The introduction of multi-gene metabolic pathways is generally the first step for the construction of microbial cell factories and plays an essential role in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Here, we developed a “PCR & Go” system for facile integration and assembly of multi-gene pathways into the chromosome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The core component of the “PCR & Go” system was an expression chassis, where eight promoter/terminator pairs were pre-installed into the yeast chromosome and PCR amplified gene fragments could be inserted directly for functional expression. In combination with the CRISPR/Cas9 system and a gRNA plasmid library, the β-carotene (three genes), zeaxanthin (four genes), and astaxanthin (five genes) biosynthetic pathways were integrated and assembled into the yeast genome with an efficiency of ~93, ~85, and 69%, respectively, using PCR amplified gene fragments with ~40 bp homology arms in a single step. Therefore, the “PCR & Go” system can be used for fast construction of yeast cell factories harboring multi-gene pathways with high efficiency and flexibility.
Development of Small-Diameter Elastin-Silk Fibroin Vascular Grafts
Authors: Tanaka Takashi , Abe Yasuyuki , Cheng Chieh-Jen , Tanaka Ryo , Naito Akira , Asakura Tetsuo
Published: January 2021

Globally, increasing mortality from cardiovascular disease has become a problem in recent years. Vascular replacement has been used as a treatment for these diseases, but with blood vessels <6 mm in diameter, existing vascular grafts made of synthetic polymers can be occluded by thrombus formation or intimal hyperplasia. Therefore, the development of new artificial vascular grafts is desirable. In this study, we developed an elastin (EL)–silk fibroin (SF) double-raschel knitted vascular graft 1.5 mm in diameter. Water-soluble EL was prepared from insoluble EL by hydrolysis with oxalic acid. Compared to SF, EL was less likely to adhere to platelets, while vascular endothelial cells were three times more likely to adhere. SF artificial blood vessels densely packed with porous EL were fabricated, and these prevented the leakage of blood from the graft during implantation, while the migration of cells after implantation was promoted. Several kinds of 13C solid-state NMR spectra were observed with the EL–SF grafts in dry and hydrated states. It was noted that the EL molecules in the graft had very high mobility in the hydrated state. The EL–SF grafts were implanted into the abdominal aorta of rats to evaluate their patency and remodeling ability. No adverse reactions, such as bleeding at the time of implantation or disconnection of the sutured ends, were observed in the implanted grafts, and all were patent at the time of extraction. In addition, vascular endothelial cells were present on the graft's luminal surface 2 weeks after implantation. Therefore, we conclude that EL–SF artificial vascular grafts may be useful where small-diameter grafts are required.
A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants
Authors: Yang Weiyang , Gong Yan , Li Wen
Published: January 2021

To date, a wide variety of neural tissue implants have been developed for neurophysiology recording from living tissues. An ideal neural implant should minimize the damage to the tissue and perform reliably and accurately for long periods of time. Therefore, the materials utilized to fabricate the neural recording implants become a critical factor. The materials of these devices could be classified into two broad categories: electrode materials as well as packaging and substrate materials. In this review, inorganic (metals and semiconductors), organic (conducting polymers), and carbon-based (graphene and carbon nanostructures) electrode materials are reviewed individually in terms of various neural recording devices that are reported in recent years. Properties of these materials, including electrical properties, mechanical properties, stability, biodegradability/bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and optical properties, and their critical importance to neural recording quality and device capabilities, are discussed. For the packaging and substrate materials, different material properties are desired for the chronic implantation of devices in the complex environment of the body, such as biocompatibility and moisture and gas hermeticity. This review summarizes common solid and soft packaging materials used in a variety of neural interface electrode designs, as well as their packaging performances. Besides, several biopolymers typically applied over the electrode package to reinforce the mechanical rigidity of devices during insertion, or to reduce the immune response and inflammation at the device-tissue interfaces are highlighted. Finally, a benchmark analysis of the discussed materials and an outlook of the future research trends are concluded.