bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Experience of Taking Medication to Prevent a Further Heart Attack: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Piekarz Hannah , Donyai Parastou , Langran Catherine
Published: February 2021

Background Following an acute myocardial infarction, patients are prescribed a regime of cardio-protective medication to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events and mortality. Adherence to medication is poor in this patient group, and not fully understood. Current interventions have made limited improvements but are based upon presumed principles. Objective To describe the phenomenon of medicine-taking for an individual taking medication for secondary prevention for an AMI. Setting Four participants from the community in the South-East of England, taking medication following an AMI, were recruited from local publicity. Method Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyse transcriptions of semi-structured interviews with participants. Main Outcome Measure Themes were generated for each participant, then summarised across participants. Results Five key themes were produced; the participants needed to compare themselves to others, showed that knowledge of their medicines was important to them, discussed how the future was an unknown entity for them, had assimilated their medicines into their lives, and expressed how an upset to their routine reduced their ability to take medication. Conclusion Participants described complex factors and personal adaptations to taking their medication. This suggests that a patient-centred approach is appropriate for adherence work, and these themes could inform clinical practice to better support patients in their medicine adherence.
Ultrasound-guided Nusinersen Administration for Spinal Muscular Atrophy Patients With Severe Scoliosis: a Retrospective Single-arm Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Cui Xulei , Chen Si , Dai Yi , Huang Yuguang , Zhang Shuyang
Published: February 2021

BackgroundThis observational study describes our experience delivering nusinersen through lumbar puncture with real-time ultrasound guidance in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients with severe scoliosis.ResultsIntrathecal nusinersen via real-time ultrasound-guided lumbar puncture was given to 3 patients who had severe thoracic and lumbar scoliosis: a 34-year-old female with type 3 SMA, a 28-year-old male with type 2 SMA, and a 14-year-old girl with type 3 SMA. Lumbar puncture was performed without sedation under ultrasound guidance using a 22G echogenic needle in the interlaminar aspect of the L4-L5 or L5-S1 interspace and a full dose of nusinersen (12 mg/5 mL) was injected after visualizing free cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Patients completed their 4 loading doses and 1 maintenance dose of nusinersen. All 15 procedures were successful and well tolerated.ConclusionsReal-time ultrasound-guided lumbar puncture is an effective and radiation-free technique to administer intrathecal nusinersen in SMA patients with severe scoliosis when done by practitioners with expertise in this procedure.
ZBTB28 induce autophagy via regulating FIP200 and Bcl-XL to facilitate apoptosis of cervical cancer
Authors: Li Li , Gong YiJia , Xu Ke , Chen WeiHong , Xia JiuYi , Cheng ZhaoBo , Li Lili , Yu RenJie , Mu JunHao , Le Xin , Xiang Qin , Peng WeiYan , Tang JunYing , Xiang Tingxiu
Published: February 2021

BackgroundCervical cancer is a type of cancer with the highest morbidity among the common preventable cancers in women. It is curable if detected in early stage. This kind of carcinoma is in need of reliable diagnostic and prognostic markers that involved in the regulation of its physiologic and pathological processes. However, the functions and mechanism of ZBTB28 in cervical cancer remain unclear.MethodsPublic database analysis, reverse-transcription PCR, and methylation-specific PCR were employed to analyze ZBTB28 expression and methylation. Tumor cellular functions were assessed via corresponding cellular and molecular biological approaches in vitro and in vivo.ResultsOur study contributed to the anti-tumor effect of transcription factor ZBTB28 which is often silenced in cervical cancer due to promoter CpG methylation. Via molecular and cellular approaches, we found that ectopic expression of ZBTB28 directly affected the biological function of cervical cancer including cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and tumorigenesis, as well as chemosensitivity to Paclitaxel, Cisplatin and 5-FU. Ectopic ZBTB28 expression inhibited the growth of cervical cancer xenografts in nude mice. Furthermore, the electron microscopic photograph showed that ZBTB28 could induce the autophagosome in cervical cancer cells. ZBTB28 resulted in autophagy through degradation of Bcl-XL and reduction of the Bcl-XL–BECN1 complex, but also interacted with autophagy-related gene FIP200. It is worth noticing that ZBTB28-induced autophagy of cervical cancer to mediate cell apoptosis through the regulation of FIP200.ConclusionOur findings enriched the functional diversity of ZBTB28 as a tumor suppressor gene, also illustrated that ZBTB28 could lead to autophagy-related apoptosis in cervical cancer, implying that ZBTB28 may be a target for the treatment of carcinoma of uterine cervix, and detection of ZBTB28 methylation can offer a new objective strategy for screening of cervical cancer.
Two cases of primary leiomyosarcoma of sigmoid colon treated with laparoscopic surgery: a case report and a review of literature
Authors: Bananzadeh Ali-Mohammad , Mokhtari Maral , Sohooli Maryam , Shekouhi Ramin
Published: February 2021

Background
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the colon is an unbelievably rare and highly invasive tumor arising from the muscularis propria of the gastrointestinal tract. After the introduction of the oncogenic role of KIT by immunohistochemistry (IHC), the reported cases of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma were limited. True LMS of the colon is such a rare disorder that there isn’t enough description of its nature. The classical colon LMS presents with a vast majority of non-specific symptoms including mild abdominal pain, fresh/obscure rectal bleeding, and weight loss. Case presentation: we experienced two extremely rare cases of colonic LMS. First patient was a 48-year-old man referred to our surgical outpatient clinic with mild intermittent abdominal pain and occasional rectal bleeding. After the initial investigation patient underwent colonoscopy that was suggestive of a large polypoid mass in 15 centimeters from the anal verge. Histopathology and Subsequent immunohistochemistry were in favor of LMS of sigmoid colon, and he underwent Laparoscopic anterior resection. The second patient was a 49-year-old man with 3-month history of fatigue, melena, and unintentional weight loss. Colonoscopy revealed a large circumferential mass in sigmoid colon 40 cm from the anal verge with the diagnosis of LMS. He underwent Laparoscopic left hemicolectomy. Conclusion: Herein, we reported two rare cases of primary leiomyosarcoma of sigmoid colon treated with laparoscopic surgery. The tumors were surgically removed via laparoscopic approach. Overall, colonic LMS is a highly invasive neoplasm with poor oncologic outcome.
A miniaturized sensing device with ionically imprinted nanostructured films for the ultrasensitive detection of ions
Authors: Ruiz Antonio , Cao Xun , Huang Yizhong , Choy Kwang-Leong
Published: February 2021

The detection of ions is essential for a wide range of applications including biomedical diagnosis, and environmental monitoring among others. However, current ion sensors are based on thick sensing films (typically 100 µm), requiring time-consuming preparations, and have a thermodynamic limit to their sensitivity of 59 mV.Log[C]-1. Such configuration hinders the development of high-performance ion sensors due to the inherent limitations of the bulk diffusion of ions inside sensors. Consequently, they cannot be applied for high-precision applications that require high sensitivity. Furthermore, the research of anion monitoring is hampered due to the limited availability of molecular receptors with acceptable performances. We overcome such limitations by using a 300 nm nanostructured sensing film based on a novel nanoporous ion imprinted core-shell silica/gold nanoparticulate sensing film. The novel sensing film was highly selective towards chloride ions when compared to other anions such as nitrate, sulphate and carbonate. Moreover, this nanostructured sensing film exhibited above 3-fold higher sensitivity (-186.4 mV.Log[C]-1) towards chloride ions when compared to commercial devices. Such breakthrough has led to the fabrication of the smallest and most sensitive reported anion sensor working on open circuit potentiometry, with an exceptional selectivity towards chloride ions.
Efficacy of Oral Glucose in Reducing Behavioural Responses to a Noxious Stimulus in Healthy Term Neonates
Authors: Naous Amal , Khatib Hassan El , Azakir Bilal , Hajjar Farah , Baltaji Hanan , Sinno Lubna , Tamim Hani , Rajab Mariam
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of orally administered glucose, at concentrations of 5% and 30%, on the nociceptive behavioural pain response among full-term neonates who underwent the heel puncture technique. This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial which was registered at clinicaltrials.gov under the number Makassed General Hospital Protocol Record 1722017 in July 2017. This trial studied the effect of glucose solution on pain relief in 244 full-term healthy neonates who underwent a heel prick procedure. Neonatal pain was assessed using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) and the duration of cry. The results showed that neonates receiving 30% glucose during the procedure had significantly the lowest mean NIPS (mean=4.89) compared to placebo and 5% group (mean=5.8 and 5.2 respectively) (p=0.03). Neonates in the glucose groups of both 5% (65.9%) and 30% (70.4%) scored significantly as having less pain compared with the placebo group (86.4%) (p=0.01). The neonates in the 30% glucose group cried less and had a significantly shorter crying duration (mean: 39.9 seconds) than in the 5% and placebo groups (p=0.04). Conclusion: 30% glucose and, to a lesser extent, 5% glucose were effective in reducing the behavioral pain response from heel prick procedures in term neonates.
Reassessment of the Contribution of Belowground N from Soybean after Testing Different 15N Leaf-Labelling Strategies
Authors: Boddey Robert Michael , Araujo Karla E.C. , Vergara Carlos , Santos Ricardo Cesario dos , Santos Wadson , Alves Bruno Jose Rodrigues , Jantalia Claudia Pozzi , Urquiaga Segundo
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Soybean is the most important grain crop in Brazil with a mean N accumulation of over 250 kg N ha-1, principally from biological N2 fixation. The residual N benefit depends heavily on the quantity of the belowground N at harvest, much which cannot be directly recovered in roots. The purpose of this study was to investigate different aspects of the 15N leaf-labelling technique to quantify non-recoverable root N (NRRN) derived from senescent roots and nodules (rhizodeposits). Methods: Soybean plants were grown in pots of soil and at 27 days after planting (vegetative stage V4) cut or whole leaves were exposed to highly enriched 15N-labelled urea or glutamine. Seven sequential harvests of the plants and soil were taken until the final grain harvest at 70 days after labelling.Results: After only 48 h, the plants labelled with 15N urea transferred approximately 5% to the soil, while only 1% was found in the roots. Leakage of 15N label was even more pronounced when the leaves were labelled with 15N glutamine. After this initial leakage, the excess 15N deposited in the soil only increased by a further 2.6% of applied label, which suggested that only part of this N represented senescence of roots or nodules.Conclusions At the final harvest, N in roots separated from the soil amounted to 6.4% of total plant N. Discounting the early rapid deposition of 15N-enriched N to the soil, our calculations indicated that at final harvest the total NRRN was 2.8% of total plant N.
The association between cancer-related fatigue and diabetes from pre-chemotherapy to 6-months post-chemotherapy
Authors: Kleckner Amber , Kleckner Ian R. , Culakova Eva , Shayne Michelle , Belcher Elizabeth K. , Gudina Abdi , Williams AnnaLynn M. , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Hopkins Judith O. , Gross Howard , Mustian Karen M. , Peppone Luke J. , Janelsins Michelle C.
Published: February 2021

Purpose To quantify the impact of diabetes on the trajectory of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) from pre-chemotherapy to 6 months post-chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer compared to non-cancer controls.Methods This was a secondary analysis from a nationwide prospective longitudinal study of female patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and age-matched women without cancer (controls). CRF was measured using the Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory (MFSI) pre-, post-, and 6-months post-chemotherapy in patients; controls were assessed at equivalent time points. Diabetes status was obtained at baseline. Repeated measures mixed models estimated the association between CRF and diabetes controlling for cancer (y/n), body mass index, exercise and smoking habits, baseline anxiety and depressive symptoms, menopausal status, marital status, race, and education.Results A total of 439 patients and 235 controls (age: 52.8±10.5 years) had available data on diabetes status. Diabetes was twice as prevalent among patients as controls (11.6% vs. 6.8%). Patients had worse fatigue than controls throughout treatment (p<0.001). Diabetes was associated with worse CRF with a clinically meaningful difference of 4.7±1.7 points on the fatigue measure in all participants (p=0.009) and patients alone (p=0.030). For MFSI subdomains, diabetes was associated with worse general (p=0.002), physical (p=0.005), and mental fatigue (p=0.025) but not worse emotional fatigue or vigor (p>0.14) among patients. Conclusions Diabetes was twice as prevalent in women with breast cancer compared to controls, and diabetes was associated with more severe CRF in patients before and after chemotherapy and at 6 months post-chemotherapy. Interventions that address diabetes management may also help address CRF during chemotherapy treatment
The Role of SIRT5 and p53 Proteins in the Sensitivity of Colon Cancer Cells to Chemotherapeutic Agent 5-Fluorouracil 
Authors: Ekremoglu Ozlem , Koc Asli
Published: February 2021

In the treatment of colorectal cancer, it is important to develop drug combinations that will increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy and to determine the molecular targets of the drugs. Therefore, combined therapies that can increase the sensitivity of 5-Fluourouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of colon cancer, and also the molecular pathways involved in this process are important in the treatment of the disease. Here we examined the SIRT5 (Resveratrol and Suramin) and p53 (Nutlin3a) modulators alone or in combination with 5-FU on the proliferation of colon cancer cells and effect of 5-FU on the SIRT5 and FOXO3a expressions whether p53 dependent or independent manner. p53 protein expression is activated by nutlin3a in HCT-116 p53 +/+ cells and HCT-116 p53 -/- cells were used as counterpart cells that did not express p53. According to our MTT assay results, we showed that these modulators have significant effects on the sensitivity of both cells to 5-FU. In p53+/+ cells, Resveratrol (RSV) and Nutlin3a and in p53 -/- cells, Suramin was found to be more effective. These differences were evaluated together with the effect of 5-FU on the SIRT5-FOXO3a-Bim axis in p53 +/+ and p53 -/- cells. SIRT5 is known to deactivate FOXO3a which plays a role in the induction of apoptosis via Bim. Our western blot experiment results showed that while Suramin decreased SIRT5 and RSV decreased FOXO3a protein expressions significantly in HCT-116 p53 -/- cells, 5-FU decreased significantly SIRT5 and FOXO3a protein expressions p53 independently. These results may help the discovery of new markers in colon cancer treatment.
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase of Camellia Nitidissima Chi. Can Promote the Synthesis of Polyphenols Better Than Flavonoids
Authors: Jiang Lina , Fan Zhengqi , Tong Ran , Yin Hengfu , Li Jiyuan , Zhou Xingwen
Published: February 2021

Camellia nitidissima Chi is an ornamental plant of the genus Camellia L. Its flowers contain a lot of flavonoids and polyphenols. Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) plays an important role in the synthesis of flavonoids, polyphenols and anthocyanins. We cloned CnF3'H from the petal of C. nitidissima (GenBank code: HQ290518.1). The full length of CnF3'H was 1859 bp, with an open reading frame of 1577 bp, and encoded 518 amino acid. A phylogenetic tree analysis showed that CnF3'H was closely related to Camellia sinensis L. and C. sinensis cultivar Zhonghuang. CnF3'H was expressed in flowers, leaves, fruits, sepals, petals and stamens of C. nitidissima, and during the flowering process the expression level in flower decreased initially and then increased. CnF3'H expression was significantly positive correlated with polyphenol contents in C. nitidissima. A CnF3'H-EGFP expression vector was constructed to do the subcellular localization, we found that CnF3'H was obviously localized in the nuclear envelope and cytomembrane. In transgenic tobacco flowers, the total polyphenol content and various polyphenol constituents were significantly increased with high CnF3'H expression level, while total flavonoid contents and some flavonol constituents were increased slightly. These findings suggest that CnF3'H can promote the synthesis of polyphenols better than flavonoids.
Urinary Volatiles and Chemical Characterisation for the Non-invasive Detection of Prostate and Bladder Cancers 
Authors: Tyagi Heena , Daulton Emma , Bannaga Ayman S , Arasaradnam Ramesh P , Covington James A.
Published: February 2021

Bladder cancer (BLC) and Prostate cancer (PC) are some of the most common cancers in the world, both having low five-year survival rates. In both BLC and PC, the diagnosis is often confirmed with an invasive technique that carries a risk to the patient. Consequently, a non-invasive diagnostic approach in these cancers would be medically desirable. The use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for disease diagnosis, including cancer, is a promising research area that could support the diagnosis process. In this study, we investigated the urinary VOC profiles in BLC, PC patients and non-cancerous controls by using gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC–IMS) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) to analyse patient samples. GC-IMS separated BLC from PC (AUC: 0.97 (0.93-1.00)), BLC Vs Non-cancerous (AUC: 0.95 (0.90-0.99).) and PC Vs Non-cancerous (AUC: 0.89 (0.83-0.94)) whereas GC-TOF-MS differentiated BLC from PC (AUC: 0.84 (0.73-0.93) BLC Vs Non-cancerous (AUC: 0.81 (0.70-0.90)) and PC vs Non-cancerous (AUC: 0.94 (0.90-0.97)). According to our study, a total of 34 biomarkers were found using GC-TOF-MS data, of which 13 VOCs were associated with BLC, 7 were associated with PC and 14 VOCs were found in the comparison of BLC and PC.
Oral Treponema denticola infection induces Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 accumulation in the hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Su Xinyi , Tang Zhiqun , Liu Yuqiu , He Wanzhi , Jiang Jiapei , Zhang Yifan , Wu Hongkun
Published: February 2021

Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain is a central component of pathology in Alzheimer’s disease. A growing number of evidences demonstrate close associations between periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Treponema denticola (T. denticola) and AD. However, the effect and mechanisms of T. denticola on accumulation of Aβ remain to be unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that T. denticola was able to enter brain and act directly on nerve cells resulting in intra and extracellular Aβ1−40 and Aβ1−42 accumulation in the hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice by selectively activating both β-secretase and γ-secretase. Furthermore, both KMI1303, an inhibitor of β- secretase, as well as DAPT, an inhibitor of γ- secretase were found to be able to inhibit the effect of T. denticola on Aβ accumulation in N2a neuronal cells. Overall, it is concluded that T. denticola increases the expression of Aβ1−42 and Aβ1−40 by its regulation on beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 and Presenilin 1.
Novel semi-synthetic Cu (II)-cardamonin complex exerts potent anticancer activity against triple negative breast and pancreatic cancer cells via inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Hossan Md Shahadat , Break Mohammed Khaled Bin , Bradshaw Tracey D. , Collins Hilary M. , Wiart Christophe , Khoo Teng-Jin
Published: February 2021

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and pancreatic cancer are two of the most aggressive types of cancer that lack effective treatments. We have previously reported the semi-synthesis of a novel Cu (II)-cardamonin complex (19) that demonstrated potent anti-tumour activity. In this study, we further investigated the bioactivity and mode of action of 19 against MDA-MB-468 and PANC-1 cancer cells in an attempt to discover an effective anticancer agent for TNBC and pancreatic cancer, respectively. Results revealed that 19 abolished formation of MDA-MB-468 and PANC-1 colonies, exerted growth inhibitory activity and inhibited the migration of cancer cells. Further mechanistic studies showed that it induced DNA damage resulting in G2/M-phase arrest and microtubule network disruption. Moreover, there was an increase in ROS production which may have contributed to the observed induction of apoptosis, corroborated by activation of caspase-3/7, cleavage of PARP and downregulation of Mcl-1. Complex 19 also decreased the expression levels of p-Akt and p-4EBP1 in both cell lines, which indicates that the compound exerted its activity, at least in part, via inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, it decreased the expression of c-Myc in PANC-1 cells only which suggests that it may exert its bioactivity via multiple mechanisms of action pertinent to tumourigenesis. These results demonstrate the potential of 19 as a promising therapeutic agent for TNBC and pancreatic cancer.
Comparison of clinical outcomes achieved with oblique lateral interbody fusion with or without supplementary instrumentation in patients with single-level lumbar degenerative disease
Authors: Lang Zhao , Sun Yuqing , Yuan Qiang , Wu Jingye , Fan Mingxing , Li Jianing , Tian Wei
Published: February 2021

Background

Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is applied often to treat degenerative disc disease in the lumbar spine. Stand-alone OLIF prevents morbidities associated with supplemental fixation and is less expensive. However, it remains controversial whether stand-alone OLIF is sufficient to avoid subsidence for single-level diseases. Additionally, bilateral pedicle screw (BPS) and bilateral transfacet screw (BTS) fixation are well-established posterior fixation methods that can offer improved biomechanical stability. But the comparison of clinical outcomes of OLIF with and without supplementary instrumentation is lack.
Methods

We retrospectively examined 20 patients who underwent single-level stand-alone OLIF for symptomatic lumbar degenerative disease at L1–L5 (SA group). Groups of patients treated with OLIF plus BPS (n = 20, BPS group) or BTS (n = 20, BTS group) were matched for age, sex, diagnosis, operative level, body mass index, and bone mineral density. The disk height index (DHI), segmental lordotic (SL) angle, and lumbar lordotic (LL) angle were measured preoperatively and at 3 days and 6 months postoperatively. Clinical outcomes were evaluated.
Results

Significant disc height loss was observed in all groups, but was greater in the SA and BTS groups than in the BPS group at the 6-month follow-up. The SL and LL angles were not affected in any group. The operative time was significantly less in the SA group, and the estimated blood loss was significantly higher in the BPS group. At 6 months post-surgery, improvements in clinical outcomes were evident in all groups, but the VAS (back pain), JOA, and ODI scores were worse in the SA group than in the other groups.
Conclusions

Stand-alone OLIF was associated with greater subsidence and poorer clinical outcomes compared with OLIF plus supplementary instrumentation. The addition of BTS did not decrease the degree of subsidence, but provided clinical outcomes comparable to those achieved with BPS.
Postoperative Hypoalbuminemia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Association with Postoperative Pneumonia in Brain Tumors Patients Undergoing Craniotomy
Authors: Zhao Da-wei , Zhang Xu-yang , Wei Kai-yan , Jiang Yi-bin , Liu Dan , Zhang Shui-xian , Feng Hua , Hu Rong
Published: February 2021

Purpose

Hypoalbuminemia is associatied with to poor outcome in patients undergoing surgery intervention. The main aim for this study was to investigate the incidence and the risk factors of postoperative hypoalbuminemia and assessed the impact of postoperative hypoalbuminemia on postoperative complications in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery.
Methods

This retrospective study included 372 consecutive patients who underwent craniotomy for brain tumors from January 2017 to December 2019. The demographic data, pre- and post-operative laboratory tests and postoperative complications were collected. The patients were divided into two groups based on the postoperative serum albumin levels; hypoalbuminemia group (< 35 g/L) and non-hypoalbuminemia group (≥ 35 g/L). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk factors of postoperative hypoalbuminemia and complications.
Results

Of the total 372 patients underwent craniotomy due to brain tumor, 333 patients (89.5%) developed hypoalbuminemia after surgery. Hypoalbuminemia was associated with operation time (OR 1.011, P < 0.001), preoperative albumin (OR 0.864, P = 0.015) and peroperative globulin (OR 1.192, P = 0.004). The incidence of postoperative pneumonia in patients with hypoalbuminemia (41.1%) significantly higher than that in patients without hypoalbuminemia (23.1%) (P = 0.029). The independent predictors of postoperative pneumonia were age (OR 1.053, P < 0.001), operation time (OR 1.003, P = 0.013) and lower postoperative albumin (OR 0.946, P = 0.018).
Conclusions

Postoperative hypoalbuminemia has a higher incidence with the increase of operation time, and is associated with postoperative pneumonia in patients underwent craniotomy due brain tumor.
Effect of Antiepileptic Drugs in Glioma Patients on Self-reported Depression, Anxiety, and Cognitive Complaints 
Authors: Meer Pim B. van der , Koekkoek Johan A.F. , Bent Martin J. van den , Dirven Linda , Taphoorn Martin J.B.
Published: February 2021

IntroductionAEDs have been associated with depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment, all frequent complications of glioma and its subsequent treatment, with considerable morbidity and an adverse effect on health-related quality of life. This study aimed to determine the independent association between AED use and self-reported depression, anxiety, and subjective cognitive impairment in glioma patients. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study depression and anxiety were measured with the HADS and subjective cognitive impairment was measured with the MOS-CFS. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed on all possible confounding predictor variables, and if p-value<0.1, possible confounders were included in the multivariable analyses to identify whether use of AEDs was independently related to depression, anxiety, and/or subjective cognitive impairment.ResultsA total of 272 patients were included. Prevalence of depression differed significantly between patients not using (10%) and using AEDs (21%, unadjusted Odds Ratio [uOR]=2.29 [95%CI=1.05-4.97], p=0.037), but after correction for confounders the statistical significant difference was no longer apparent (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]=1.94 [95%CI=0.83-4.50], p=0.125). Prevalences of anxiety (aOR=1.17 [95%CI=0.59-2.29], p=0.659) and subjective cognitive impairment (aOR=0.83 [95%CI=0.34-2.04], p=0.684) did not differ significantly before or after adjustment of confounders between patients not using (19% and 16%, respectively) and using AEDs (26% and 21%, respectively).ConclusionsOur results indicate AED use was not independently associated with concurrent depression, anxiety, or subjective cognitive impairment in glioma patients. Alternative factors seem to have a greater contribution to the risk of having these neuropsychiatric symptoms in glioma patients.
WITHDRAWN: High SLC7A11 Expression Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis and Associated With Ferroptosis in Ovarian Cancer 
Authors: Deng Mengqi , Zhang Yanqin , Chang Xiangyu , Wu Di , Xu Chunyu , Liu Xinyu , Zhang Yubo , Miao Jinwei
Published: February 2021

The current treatments of ovarian cancer (OC) do not yield satisfactory outcomes. Hence, it is necessary to find new treatment targets for OC. In this study, a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OC and control tissues. Five datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by comparing gene expression between OC and control tissues. Module analysis of DEGs was performed on the STRING database and GEPIA. Kaplan Meier plotter and GEPIA database analysis the overall survival. Finally, SLC7A11 was found to be is the hubgene. And we confirm that the protein expression of SLC7A11 was increased in OC tissues. Analysis of a variety of tumor gene databases showed that SLC7A11 gene regulated the processes of OC. The low mutation rate of the gene (which were of amplified type) and high mRNA expression were associated with poor prognosis of OC patients.Using erastin-treated ovarian cancer (OC) cell lines, we examined the relationship between ferroptosis and OC. Results showed that OC tissues contained higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels than normal tissues. Unlike normal ovarian epithelial cells which are not sensitive to erastin, the OC cell line, ES-2 is very sensitive to erastin. Here, we found that ferrostatin-1 treatment increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde, and SLC7A11 protein expression. These results provide an important theoretical basis for further studies into the role of SLC7A11, the effective biomarker and potential drug target, in the occurrence and development of OC.
Aberrant Hydroxymethylation In Promoter Cpg Regions of Genes Related to the Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Characterizes Advanced Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Disease, Poor Imatinib Respondents And Poor Survival.
Authors: Guru Sameer Ahmad , Sumi Mamta P , Mir Rashid , Beg Mirza Masroor Ali , Koner Bidhan Chandra , Saxena Alpana
Published: February 2021

Background: There is strong evidence that disease progression, drug response and overall clinical outcome of CML disease are not only decided by BCR/ABL1 oncoprotein but depend on accumulation of additional genetic and epigenetic aberrations. DNA hydroxymethylation is implicated in the development of variety of diseases. DNA hydroxymethylation in gene promoters plays an important role in disease progression, drug response and clinical outcome of various diseases. Therefore in this study, we aimed to explore the role of aberrant hydroxymethylation in promoter regions of different tumor suppressor genes in relation to CML disease progression, response to imatinib therapy and clinical outcome. We recruited 150 CML patients at different clinical stages of the disease. Patients were followed up for 48 months and haematological/molecular responses were analysed. Haematological response was analysed by peripheral blood smear. BCR/ABL1 specific TaqMan probe based qRT-PCR was used for assessing the molecular response of CML patients on imatinib therapy. Promoter hydroxymethylation of the genes was characterized using MS-PCR.Results: We observed that promoter hydroxymethylation of cell cycle regulating and apoptosis related genes characterize advanced CML disease and poor imatinib respondents. Although, cytokine signalling (SOCS1) gene was hypermethylated in advanced stages of CML and accumulated in patients with poor imatinib response, but the differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, we found hypermethylation of cell cycle regulating genes (p14ARF, RASSF1 and p16INK4A) and cytokine signalling gene (SOCS1) significantly associated with poor overall survival of CML patients on imatinib therapy. The results of this study are in agreement of the role of aberrant DNA methylation of different tumor suppressor genes as potential biomarkers of CML disease progression, poor imatinib response and overall clinical outcome. Conclusion: In this study, we report that promoter hydroxymethylation of cell cycle and apoptosis related genes is a characteristic feature of CML disease progression, defines poor imatinib respondents and poor overall survival of CML patients to imatinib therapy.
Electronic Media Use and Sleep in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lund Lisbeth , Sølvhøj Ida Nielsen , Danielsen Dina , Andersen Susan
Published: February 2021

Background In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in whether the use of electronic media affects children and young adolescents' sleep. We performed a systematic review of the association between electronic media use and sleep outcomes among 0-15-year-olds.Methods Searches were carried out in four databases (CINAHL, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Medline). Additional studies were identified by hand-searching reference lists of retrieved systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Inclusion criteria were age range from 0 to 15.9 years, in English, and intervention studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies from western countries. Qualitative studies were excluded due to a low number of identified studies. Exclusion criteria were study populations with psychiatric diagnoses, obesity, or any sleep disorder. Results The search identified 10,719 unique studies, of which 108 fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were assessed for methodological quality. In total, 49 studies were included in the review. The study designs were randomized controlled trials (n=3), quasi-experimental studies (n=two), prospective cohort studies (n=15), and cross-sectional studies (n=29). Evidence for an association between electronic media use and sleep duration was identified; particularly excessive electronic media use and bedtime use. The evidence was stronger for 6-15-years-olds than 0-5-year-olds. The relationship between electronic media use and other sleep outcomes was more inconclusive. Conclusions Overall, electronic media use was generally associated with shorter sleep duration in children and adolescents aged 0-15. Studies with stronger research design and of higher quality are needed to draw solid conclusions about electronic media’s impact on sleep outcomes and gain better understands of the mechanisms behind the associations. Public awareness and interventions could be promoted about the potential negative impact on children's sleep duration of electronic media devices that are used excessively and close to bedtime.
Is multimorbidity associated with risk of elder abuse? Findings from the AHSETS study
Authors: Kshatri Jaya Singh , Bhoi Trilochan , Barik Shakti Ranjan , Palo Subrata Kumar , Pati Sanghamitra
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Commensurate with demographic and lifestyle transition, increasing magnitude of multimorbidity is common among older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). At the same time the rising prevalence of elder abuse is concurrently observed in these populations. However, little is known about the elder abuse in the context of multimorbidity with no reports on their interplay from LMIC settings. This study examined the association of multimorbidity with the risk of elder abuse and its correlates in a rural elderly population of Odisha, India.
Methods: The data was collected as a part of our ASHETS study encompassing 725 older adults residing in rural Odisha, India. Multimorbidity was assessed by previously validated MAQ PC tool. Hwalek-Sengstock elder abuse screening test (HS-EAST) was used to assess the risk of elder abuse. Care dependence was measured by Katz index questionnaire. We performed ordinal logistic regression models to identify the correlates of elder abuse.
Results: Around 48.8% (95% CI:45.13-52.53%) older adults had multimorbidity while 33.8% (95% CI:30.35-37.35%) had some form of care dependence. Out of 725, 56.6% (CI 52.85 – 60.19%) were found to be at low-risk elder abuse and 15.9% (CI 13.27 – 18.72%) being at high-risk . The risk of elder abuse was significantly associated with multimorbidity (AOR=1.88; 95%CI: 1.54-2.21), economic dependence (AOR=1.62; 95%CI: 1.25-1.99) and functional dependence (AOR=1.86; 95%CI: 1.42-2.29). Staying alone (AOR= 1.75; 95%CI: 1.13-2.38) and lower socio-economic status (AOR=2.96; 95%CI: 2.09-3.84) were two other significant correlates.
Conclusions: Older adults with multimorbidity are at 1.88 times higher risk of elder abuse compared to their non-multimorbid counterparts. Both economic and functional dependence are associated with an increase in elder abuse. This suggests the mediating role of care dependence in the pathway to elder abuse in multimorbidity. Future geriatric multimorbidity assessment studies should consider screening for care dependence as well as elder abuse while designing integrated care models.
Evaluation of the Influence of Faradarmani Consciousness Field on Viral Growth 
Authors: Taheri Mohammad Ali , Etemadi Mohammad Reza , Torabi Sara , Nabavi Noushin , Semsarha Farid
Published: February 2021

The Consciousness Fields according to Taheri, are non-matter and non-energetic fields with the ability to have reproducible effects in the laboratory and experimental environments. Previous studies related to studying the effects of Faradarmani Consciousness Fields (FCF) on plant characteristics and animal disease models reveal that FCF functions in optimizing the system under study. Significant effects of Faradarmani Consciousness Fields on bacterial and cellular population growth led us to investigate the effectiveness of Faradarmani Consciousness Field on viral titer and type. For this, we stratified various viruses into envelope or non-envelope as well as DNA and RNA types. This study aims at assessing the influence of FCF on four types of virus combinations using TCID50 assay. We tested the effect of FCF on pre-determined titers of selected viruses and found that FCF changed the viral titers by 0.4 to 1.85 logs compared to the control group. As the results suggest, the physical structure of the viruses and their genome type have notable effects on their response to the FCF.
Vaccine Design, Adaptation, and Cloning Design for Multiple Epitope-Based Vaccine Derived From SARS-CoV-2 Surface Glycoprotein (S), Membrane Protein (M) and Envelope Protein (E): In silico approach
Authors: Habib Peter T.
Published: February 2021

The SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has become a global epidemic that has increased the scientific community's concern about developing and finding a counteraction against this lethal virus. So far, hundreds of thousands of people have been infected by the pandemic due to contamination and spread. This research was therefore carried out to develop potential epitope-based vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus using reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approaches. Three potential vaccine constructs were designed after intensive computational experimentation, and one vaccine model was chosen as the best vaccine based on a molecular docking analysis that is intended to work efficiently against SARS-CoV-2. In order to verify biological stability and find an appropriate mass production technique for the chosen vaccine, molecular dynamics simulation, and silico codon adaptation studies were subsequently carried out. This study should help to maintain current research efforts to secure a definitive preventive measure against this contagious disease.
Brain 18F-FDG PET for the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and a meta-analysis
Authors: Bordonne Manon , Chawki Mohammad.B , Doyen Matthieu , Kas Aurelie , Guedj Eric , Tyvaert Louise , Verger Antoine
Published: February 2021

Objective: To consolidate current understanding of detection sensitivity of brain 18F-FDG PET scans in the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis and to define specific metabolic imaging patterns for the most frequently occurring autoantibodies. Methods: A systematic and exhaustive search of data available in the literature was performed by querying the PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane databases for the search terms: "FDG PET" and “"encephalitis" or "brain inflammation"”. Studies had to satisfy the following criteria: i. include at least one patient suspected or diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis according to the current recommendations, ii. be an original case-report iii. specifically present 18F-FDG PET and/or morphologic imaging findings. The diagnostic 18F-FDG PET detection sensitivity in autoimmune encephalitis was determined for all cases reported in the literature and a meta-analysis, according to the PRISMA method, was performed on a subset of these, which included PET scans for at least 10 patients, and whose quality was assessed with the QUADAS-2 tool.Results: The search strategy identified 1113 articles. The detection sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET was 90%, based on 176 publications and 720 patients and 80% [75%-84%] by meta-analysis based on 21 publications and 444 patients. We also report specific brain 18F-FDG PET imaging patterns for the main encephalitis autoantibody subtypes.Conclusion and Relevance: Brain 18F-FDG PET has a high detection sensitivity and should be included in future diagnostic autoimmune encephalitis recommendations. Specific metabolic 18F-FDG PET patterns corresponding to the main autoimmune encephalitis autoantibody subtypes further enhance the value of this diagnostic.
Watching the Skies: An Overview of Indigenous Astronomy Curricula for Canadian K-12 Teachers
Authors: O'Shea Michael , Kohli Pratishtha , Neilson Hilding
Published: February 2021

There is a growing body of Indigenous astronomy curricula and resources from Turtle Island for Canadian K-12 science teachers. Canadian teachers, particularly non-Indigenous teachers, may be interested in teaching Indigenous astronomy and Indigenous perspectives, but may not be sure where to start or how to do so authentically. Using a framework that centers Indigenous Knowledges, we carried out a systematic survey of online curricular resources that identified 82 online Indigenous Astronomy Knowledges (IAK) and categorized them according to Indigenous tradition, media type, and language. We put this survey in context by emphasizing Indigenous astronomy and research as living and equivalent knowledge systems that can be taught on their own or alongside traditional Western astronomy. Centering this discussion around Indigenous research values, such as relationships, respect, and reciprocity, we emphasize the importance of embracing Indigenous curricula intentionally and thoughtfully to go beyond superficial “Indigenizing/Decolonizing” of the classroom. Authentic inclusion of Indigenous Knowledges could take a number of forms, including presenting Indigenous astronomical concepts and terms as valid and equal to Western knowledge, and helping students understand the interconnectedness of knowledge and the importance of relationships in science.
Quantification of SPECT concentric ring artifacts by radiomics and radial features
Authors: Mezzenga Emilio , Sarnelli Anna , Bellomo Giovanni , DiFilippo Frank P , Palestro Christopher J , Nichols Kenneth J
Published: February 2021

Background: Conspicuous concentric ring artifacts in phantom reconstructions triggers retuning SPECT systems. These evaluations are visual, not quantitative. Our study was undertaken to determine the degree to which observers agree about SPECT concentric ring artifacts, and to test whether quantitative texture analysis metrics correspond to significant artifacts.Methods: Test data were acquired as part of quarterly quality assurance using standardized SPECT phantoms containing solid spheres, solid rods and volumes of uniform activity concentration loaded with 99mTc. Forty SPECT studies were identified as having concentric ring artifacts or were acquired to assess whether artifacts were resolved following camera retuning after obtaining an unacceptably non-uniform result. Transaxial reconstructions were reviewed independently by two medical physicists who graded severity of artifacts on a 5-point scale. Counts were tabulated in volumes of interest created in uniform phantom sections, from which were computed 72 radiomics image texture analysis metrics. Radial contrast (RContrast) derived from the radial profile of summed slices transformed into polar coordinates and radial noise-to-signal (RNSR) also calculated.Results: Artifacts were considered sufficiently severe to require camera retuning in 10 rods sections, 17 sphere sections, and 16 uniform sections. In uniform sections, there was “good agreement” for inter-observer and intra-rater assessments (κ = 0.66, Fisher exact p < 0.0001 and κ = 0.61, Fisher exact p = 0.001, respectively). While 3 radiomics image analysis features agreed significantly (p = 0.001) with visual detection of significant artifacts in uniform sections, the parameters most strongly associated with severe artifacts were RContrast > 4.75% and RNSR > 2.7%, for which ROC AUC accuracy = 88%±5%, sensitivity = 83%, specificity = 83%, p < 0.0001. Accuracy was 76%-78% for the 3 radiomics features, with significantly lower specificity (48%-61%, p < 0.05) than RContrast and RNSR. Increasing magnitude of RContrast and RNSR correlated significantly with increasingly severe artifact scores (ρ = 0.71-0.72, p < 0.0001).Conclusion: There was good agreement among physicists as to the presence of circular ring artifacts in uniform sections of SPECT quality assurance scans, with artifacts accurately detected by radial contrast and noise-to-signal ratio measurements.