bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abriendo la Caja Negra del Racismo Estructural. Expresiones de racismo y antirracismo en la Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín-Colombia)
Authors: Lozano Ángela Emilia Mena , Campillo Ana Rosa Herrera , Romaña Isabel , Tello Lorenzo Vargas
Published: July 2024

Esta investigación buscó desvelar expresiones de racismo que consciente o inconscientemente, utilizan o reconocen las personas en el ámbito universitario; de un lado; y de otro, al enfrentar a las personas con esa pregunta por el racismo, descolocar y buscar reacciones y mecanismos para su erradicación. Otro objetivo, por tratarse de una investigación formativa, fue acercar a los y las estudiantes a algunos conceptos y posturas relevantes sobre el tema del racismo y el racismo en educación superior. La estrategia de investigación hizo parte de la Tercera Campaña de Iniciativas para la Erradicación del Racismo en Educación Superior hacia los pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes de América Latina y el Caribe, de la Cátedra UNESCO-UNTREF en el año 2022, presentada por el Grupo de Investigación de las Africanías Gente de Uno GUIAGU-BANTÚ, adscrito a la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín-Colombia). Como metodología cualitativa se utilizó una estrategia innovadora, denominada “Caja Negra”, que a modo de lente visor, permite develar las concepciones que se guardan en la estructura mental, representaciones e imaginarios construidos en la convivencia social y en el sistema educativo. Se recogió la información ubicando la caja negra en tres puntos distintos dentro del campus universitario. La estrategia investigativa y pedagógica que puso en reflexión a los participantes permitió recoger 90 expresiones tanto de racismo como de propuestas útiles para su erradicación. De las 90, fueron útiles para el objetivo de la investigación 86, pues las otras cuatro (4) eran ilegibles o no tenían que ver con el tema. De las 86, 48 fueron expresiones de racismo, organizadas en diez (10) categorías: Estigmatización por talentos, Estereotipias corporales, Mala suerte o negatividad, Desempeño laboral, Incapacidad económica, Sexualización del cuerpo afro/negro, Colorismo o pigmentocracia, Revictimización, Discriminación territorial y Falsos cumplidos. Se recogen 38 expresiones como propuestas antirracistas, que se organizan en cinco (5) categorías: Renovación curricular-concientización sobre los efectos del racismo; Investigaciones específicas sobre el racismo; Deconstrucción de estereotipos y antirracismo lingüístico; Autogestión étnica antirracista-acciones pedagógicas y Reparación social. Aunque se trató de una investigación formativa, experimental, los resultados son concluyentes en cuanto a la persistencia del racismo y ofrece alternativas para la construcción de acciones y políticas públicas por la urgente erradicación de este.
UEL na luta contra o racismo: desafios e perspectivas político-institucionais
Authors: Kaseker Mônica , Amaral Wagner Roberto do , Rocha Andréa Pires , Perrude Marleide da Silva Rodrigues
Published: July 2024

O artigo apresenta a experiência da Campanha UEL na luta contra o racismo desenvolvida pela Universidade Estadual de Londrina, em parceria com a Cátedra Unesco Educação Superior, Povos Indígenas e Afrodescendentes na América Latina. Desde a implementação das políticas afirmativas, seja por meio de vagas suplementares para estudantes indígenas e cotas para estudantes negros/as, a partir dos anos 2000, a instituição vem sendo provocada a discutir as diferentes expressões de racismo e as estratégias para o seu enfrentamento. Percebe-se que a participação da UEL, assim como de outras 25 universidades de diversos países, respondendo à Chamada de Ações na Internet para a Erradicação do Racismo na Educação Superior na América Latina, organizada em 2020 pela Cátedra Unesco Educação Superior e Povos Indígenas e Afrodescendentes na América Latina, foi fundamental para um posicionamento institucional e de permanente atenção e ação no combate ao racismo.
Reliability of the Croatian Version of Motivation Scale for Free Time
Authors: Blažun Vanja , Mijoč Vesna , Fehervari Tamara
Published: July 2024

Aim: The Motivation scale for free time was developed to measure motivation for activity of population in their free time. The aim of this study was to determine test-retest reliability of Croatian version of Motivation scale for free time on students. Subjects and Methods: The sample was consisted of 97 students of Karlovac University of Applied Sciences 64 men and 33 women). Study was conducted on two occasions and there were 137 students in first measurement and 97 students in second. The response rate to the second measurement was 70,8 %. Statistical data analysis was performed with the software package SPSS 23.0. The normality of the distribution was checked by the Kolmogorov - Smirnov test to justify the use of parametric procedures. The asymmetry coefficient ranged from +/- 3, and the flattening coefficient from +/- 10, and the distribution is considered normal, so the use of parametric procedures is allowed. The validity was checked in the form of correlations of individual particles with the total result in both measurements. Results: The validity in both measurements proved to be statistically significant. In the first measurement, the correlation range of each particle with the total score on the scale ranged between 0.4 to 0.74, which was statistically significant at a risk level of less than 1 %. In the second measurement, the correlation range of each particle with the total score on the scale ranged between 0.31 to 0.73, which was statistically significant at a risk level of less than 1 %. Conclusion: The results showed satisfactory reliability of Croatian version of motivation scale for free time on students.
Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder and Paediatric Dentistry
Authors: Njari Galić Vlatka , Karlović Dalibor , Verzak Željko
Published: July 2024

Aim: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) restlessness one of the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral disorders in children, with a higher incidence observed in boys compared to girls. The fundamental characteristics of ADHD include three main symptoms: pronounced lack of attention, excessive hyperactivity, and impulsive behaviour. Materials and Methods: The diagnostic process for ADHD is complex and multidimensional, involving a thorough analysis of behaviour, collection of extensive and detailed information, comprehensive evaluation of the child’s developmental history, and intensive collaboration between various specialists, including educators, psychologists, paediatricians, dentists as well as active participation of parents or guardians. With the increasing number of diagnosed cases of ADHD globally, it becomes increasingly important to timely recognize the symptoms and symptomatology of the disorder and to apply appropriate therapeutic strategies and treatment methods tailored to the individual needs of each child. Results: Dental care requires special attention in the context of ADHD. Children with ADHD face greater challenges in maintaining oral hygiene, leading to an increased risk of dental caries, more frequent oral traumas, and generally poorer oral health conditions. Conclusion: It is crucial to ensure a tailored approach during dental treatment, which may include establishing special communication and techniques adapted to the child, as well as increasing the frequency of preventive check-ups and interventions to preserve and enhance oral health.
Effect of Micromechanical Models on Mechanical Behavior of Functionally Graded Plates Based on a Quasi-3D Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory
Authors: Chen Hong-Yan , Li Wei , Zhang Jun-Ning
Published: July 2024

Five alternative micromechanical models (Voigt, Reuss, Tamura, LRVE, Hashin) are used to predict the valid material properties of a simply-supported functionally graded materials (FGM) plate. The free vibration and static behavior are studied based on a quasi-3D hyperbolic shear deformation theory considering the stretching effect. The profile of an FGM plate is assumed by the power-law, Sigmoid and exponential functions. The numerical results of an FGM plate behavior reveal via Navier-type solution. The temperature effects of the micromechanical models on the fundamental frequency and transverse displacement for an FGM plate are also discussed. By analyzing the influence of different micro-models on the mechanical behavior of an FGM plate, researchers can objectively understand the establishment and differences of structural micromechanical models. And considering the actual high temperature situation, the deformation prediction ability of the structure is predicted. This study provides theoretical guidance for the analysis and modeling of FGM structures for the purpose of engineering practice.
AS UNIDADES DIDÁTICAS MULTIESTRATÉGICAS NA LICENCIATURA EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS: LIMITES E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Antônio Ribeiro Souza Gustavo , Quatrocchio Liporini Thalita , Elias de Freitas Alves Luciane
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho, caracterizado como um Relato de Experiência (RE), objetiva coletivizar o desenvolvimento das ações desenvolvidas na disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado II: Instrumentação para o Ensino de Ciências e Biologia (ESII), bem como o conhecimento apreendido pelo estagiário ao longo do período, além de analisar a implementação das Unidades Didáticas Multiestratégicas (UDMs) como proposta de organização para uma das disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado. A pesquisa se deu em duas etapas, a primeira, consistiu em observações em sala de aula por meio da elaboração de Diários de Campo (DCs), e a segunda, encerrou-se no planejamento e intervenção da UDM. Este RE concluiu que com o planejamento e implementação da UDM, os licenciandos(as) apresentam maior arcabouço teórico-metodológico durante o processo de planejamento e intervenção, ou seja, fundamentam de forma mais objetiva sua práxis docente. Constatou-se a existência de limitações inerentes em relação a metodologia de ensino escolhida e detalhada na UDM, bem como as determinações que influenciam a prática docente.
O ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE FUTUROS PROFESSORES INDÍGENAS AMAZONENSES
Authors: Braga Pereira de Melo Luzia , Cardozo Moreira Rosilei , Ribeiro Bacury Gerson , Pereira de Melo Elisangela Aparecida
Published: July 2024

Neste estudo serão abordadas questões relacionadas ao Estágio em Docência realizado na Disciplina de Estágio III do curso de Formação de Professores Indígenas, da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Nosso objeto de estudo trata do Estágio Supervisionado na Formação Inicial de professores Indígenas. Posto isto, buscamos responder ao seguinte questionamento: Quais as contribuições da disciplina de Estágio III nos processos formativos de professores indígenas com as práticas Matemáticas? Assim sendo, objetivamos compreender os resultados de processos formativos de professores no que se refere as aprendizagens constituídas na disciplina de Estágio III. Para tanto, utilizamo-nos de uma abordagem qualitativa por meio da pesquisa participante. A recolha de informações foi subsidiada pelo percurso formativo, via Google Meet, com a participação de 10 (dez) estudantes indígenas em formação inicial. Com relação aos resultados alcançados, destacamos, a materialização dos Instrumentos Didáticos Indígenas (IDI’s) para auxiliar futuras práticas docentes no ensino das Matemáticas do Cotidiano Escolar Indígena com a utilização do Material Concreto Indígena, a partir de situações-problemas do cotidiano; bem como, a constituição da identidade profissional docente a partir da valorização da cultura, da língua, das tradições e do entrelaçamento entre os saberes da academia e os saberes da tradição indígena.
ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: UMA ANÁLISE DO PLANEJAMENTO E DAS ESTRATÉGIAS E RECURSOS PEDAGÓGICOS
Authors: Lessa Natália , De Oliveira Milagres Pedro , Guimarães Santos Soraya Dayanna
Published: July 2024

O artigo objetiva analisar o planejamento da prática pedagógica, bem como as estratégias e recursos pedagógicos utilizados por professores em formação inicial de Educação Física no Estágio Supervisionado de Educação Infantil. Participaram dessa pesquisa quatro professores em formação do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física de uma Universidade Federal localizada na Zona da Mata Mineira. O instrumento de produção dos dados foi uma entrevista semiestruturada. A técnica para análise de dados utilizada foi a Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que os participantes deste estudo consideravam o planejamento pedagógico, a inclusão educacional e o trabalho em conjunto como aspectos essenciais para ressignificação e contribuição na prática docente. Percebeu-se que as estratégias de ensino com caráter lúdico e que os recursos audiovisuais foram as ferramentas pedagógicas mais mencionadas dentre os professores em formação. Concluiu-se que, apesar de estarem no primeiro Estágio, os professores em formação demonstraram grande investimento pedagógico e que é preciso compreender as demandas, necessidades e anseios destes professores em formação.
Kajian Investigasi Potensi dan Eksplorasi Morfologi Gumuk di Kabupaten Jember Menggunakan Penginderaan Jauh
Authors: Irawan Januar Fery , Haeruddin  , Aminah Siti , Aji DS Fanteri , Ulum Miftakhul
Published: July 2024

Gumuk merupakan ciri khas morfologi yang tidak ditemukan dimanapun kecuali di pegunungan aktif. Keunikan ini disebabkan oleh bentuk perbukitan yang terisolasi dengan morfologi dataran yang terbentuk pada setting geologinya. Keberadaan Gumuk yang tersebar di Jember telah ditambang sehingga menyebabkan jumlahnya menurun drastis. Gumuk di Kabupaten Jember memiliki bentang alam unik berbentuk bukit dengan ketinggian lebih dari 2 meter. Gumuk di Jember tersusun mulai dari Gunung Raung ke arah barat daya hingga Kabupaten Jember. Terdapat beberapa jenis (tiga) jenis bukit pasir yang berbeda berdasarkan jenis batuan yang dikandungnya, yaitu bukit pasir batu, bukit karang, dan bukit pasir. Saat ini keberadaan Gumuk telah dimanfaatkan sebagian untuk kebutuhan bahan bangunan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi saat ini adalah potensi tiang pancang selain sebagai kebutuhan bahan bangunan belum diteliti. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengelolaan yang efektif melalui identifikasi potensi bukit pasir melalui penelitian green mining agar permasalahan lingkungan dapat diminimalkan saat dilakukan eksplorasi bukit pasir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan teknologi eksplorasi bukit pasir berbasis green mining, sehingga pengolahan pada setiap bukit pasir dapat dilakukan dengan tepat. Tahapan penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati gambar. Setelah observasi dilakukan, data lapangan diperlukan untuk memvalidasi dan memverifikasi pola bukit pasir . Penelitian ini menggunakan penginderaan jauh dengan teknik terbimbing berdasarkan data di lapangan dan peta geologi. Berdasarkan hasil penginderaan jauh ditemukan adanya 4 Kelas dalam Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Pasca Operasi Penambangan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat sekitar lokasi tambang.
Considerations on Liver Pathology
Authors: Chesca Antonella A
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to identify the best available evidences analyzing liver samples, normall and pathological. In the study were used liver samples, collected during necropsy, from healthy patients and from patients diagnosed with cirrhosis .This mentioned, are known as routinally practice for hepatitis C diagnosis, which conduct to hepatic cirrhosis. Were made permanent preparations and used Hematoxylin–Eosin staining and other special stainings for structural observations at optical microscope using lens with differents magnifications, such us x10 and x40.
HCI and Data: Interacting in a New Era of Virtualization
Authors: Durango Iván , Gallud José A. , R. Penichet Victor M.
Published: July 2024

The rapid technological progress has ushered in a new era of human-computer interaction, where the distinction between the physical and virtual realms is becoming increasingly blurred. This research paper explores the profound and multifaceted intersection of Human-Data Interaction (HDI) and Data Virtualization (DV), examining how emerging technologies can significantly enhance the exploration, comprehension, and utilization of complex, multidimensional data sets. Informed by the insights gleaned from prior research in this domain , the present study delves into the potential of DV techniques to improve HDI, with a particular focus on three experimental investigations conducted within the realms of education, healthcare, and retail. The findings reveal the benefits and potential challenges associated with the implementation of DV in these diverse contexts, offering valuable guidance for the design and development of future HDI systems. Drawing upon a diverse array of authoritative sources, this paper presents a holistic, forward-looking perspective on the future of HDI, underscoring the critical role that DV will play in shaping the next generation of human-computer interfaces and facilitating a deeper, more intuitive understanding of the digital world. Furthermore, the paper presents a preliminary framework for integrating HDI principles into standard design practices. This framework outlines key considerations and guidelines to help designers and developers incorporate HDI techniques more effectively into the development of data-driven applications and interfaces.The proposed framework outlines key considerations for enhancing data accessibility and comprehension, empowering users to exercise greater control over their data, and cultivating transparent dialogues between data providers and end-users. By establishing this conceptual foundation, the paper aims to facilitate the seamless integration of HDI principles into standard design practices, ultimately leading to more intuitive, user-centric, and ethically-grounded approaches to data interaction and utilization.
Quantum-Systems at Escape Velocities
Authors: Inioluwa Precious Adegbite
Published: July 2024

This article briefly shows how particle’s moving at escape velocity can be described in a quantum mechanical frameworks, this is achieved by deriving quantum mechanical equations that puts escape velocity into consideration. The equations are derived from Hamiltonians and Hamiltonian operators formulated from classical kinetic and potential terms which are then quantized. Equations were also presented for specific situations of the particle at escape velocity. Situations such as free-particles at escape velocity, Self-gravitating situations of a charged or neutral particle even while free of the gravitational influence of the large massive body due to its escape velocity, leaving only the self-gravitation as the only gravitational influence on the particle which in the case of a massless, charge less particle reduces back to the equation of free-particle at escape velocity. Other very brief expositions on trajectories and more are also present in this brief article.
Schrödinger’s Cat Paradox Is an Illusion: Completion of the Quantum Theory
Authors: Durand Jean-Olivier
Published: July 2024

At the beginning of our observations, humanity believed that the Earth was the center of the uni-verse and that the sun was spinning around the Earth. Claude Ptolémée (100-168) made a mistake by modelling the movements in the geocentric referential, the model of the sun and planet move-ments was an illusion and all Humanity was wrong. Nicolas Copernic (1473-1543) showed the illusion and simplified the system by moving from the geocentric referential to the heliocentric referential. In the present paper, I would like to discuss about the possibility of making mistakes with quantum theory. I postulate that we are living in a virtual classical world that we consider as real. In my interpretation, the decoherence problem and wave function collapse do not exist at all, because we are the illusion, we are living in illusion, in a mirage. It is impossible to observe the quantum world as it is, in our virtual classical referential, and we see the quantum world with a false vison of quantum reality because we are not yet in the universal real quantum referential whose I postulate the existence. As we are illusions when seen from this universal quantum ref-erential, Schrödinger’s cat paradox is an illusion as life and death are illusions. We must be very humble with quantum theory and we should not put ourselves in the center of the quantum world again particularly with our lives and deaths. I also develop a cosmological model based on bipolarity and schizophrenia which explains well the recent observations of the James Webb’s spatial tele-scope. We will be collectively able to reach the universal quantum referential by changing our vision of life and quantum world. I also explain how to go out of human suffering. This will be our Big Bang.
The Interplay Between Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children, Interleukin 6, Microbiome, and Gut Barrier Integrity
Authors: Zari Ali , Redwan Elrashdy M. , Raszek Mikolaj , Cowley David , Hromić-Jahjefendić Altijana , Uversky Vladimir N. , Fabrowski Mark , Brogna Carlo , Piscopo Marina , Rubio-Casillas Alberto
Published: July 2024

A severe consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection that manifests as systemic inflammation and multi-organ involvement is called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). This review examines the possible relationship between gut barrier integrity, the microbiome, dysregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling, and MIS-C. Clinical and biochemical features of MIS-C are similar to those of other hyperinflammatory syndromes, suggesting a dysregulated immune response. One possible explanation for the systemic inflammation seen in MIS-C patients is SARS-CoV-2-induced dysregulation of the IL-6 signaling pathway. In addition, new data suggest a reciprocal link between gut barrier integrity and IL-6. SARS-CoV-2 exhibits bacteriophage-like behavior, highlighting the role of bacteria as a reservoir for the virus and emphasizing the importance of understanding the bacteriophagic mechanism of the virus in fecal-oral transmission. Increased translocation of viral products and bacterial toxins may result from disrupting the intestinal barrier and cause systemic inflammation. On the other hand, systemic inflammation can weaken the integrity of the intestinal barrier, which feeds back into the loop of immunological dysregulation. In the context of MIS-C, understanding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 infection, IL-6, and gut barrier integrity may shed light on the etiology of the disease and guide treatment options.
The Highs and Lows of ADAMTS13 Activity
Authors: Shaw Rebecca J , Abrams Simon T , Badu Samuel , Toh Cheng-Hock , Dutt Tina
Published: July 2024

Severe deficiency of ADAMTS13 (<10 iu/dL) is diagnostic of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and leads to accumulation of ultra-large VWF multimers, platelet aggregation and widespread microthrombi, which can be life-threatening. However, the clinical implications of a low ADAMTS13 activity level are not only important in an acute episode of TTP. In this article, we discuss the effects of a low ADAMTS13 activity in congenital and immune-mediated TTP patients not only at presentation, but once in a clinical remission. Evidence is emerging of the clinical effects of a low ADAMTS13 activity in other disease areas outside of TTP and here we explore the wider impact of low ADAMTS13 activity on the vascular endothelium and the potential for recombinant ADAMTS13 therapy in other thrombotic disease states.
Novel protein-rich materials from rapeseed meal with enhanced mechanical behavior
Authors: Aquilia Sara , Rosi Luca , Pinna Michele , Bianchi Sabrina , Giurlani Walter , Bonechi Marco , Ciardelli Francesco , Papini Anna Maria , Bello Claudia
Published: July 2024

In recent years there has been an increasing interest in developing novel materials based on natural biopolymers as a renewable alternative of petroleum-based plastics. The availability of proteins derived from agricultural by-products, along with their favourable properties, has fostered a renewed interest in protein-based materials, promoting research in innovative technologies. In this study we propose the use of rapeseed protein-rich meal as main ingredient for the preparation of novel sustainable materials combining excellent environmental properties such as biodegradability and renewable origin. Application as sustainable products in the present high-tech society needs modification of basic native properties of these natural compounds. The original route proposed in this paper consists in the preparation via compression moulding of flexible biomaterials stabilized by crosslinkers/chain extenders. Investigation of the effects of different denaturing and disulfide bond reducing agents, crosslinkers, and preparation conditions on the material mechanical behaviour demonstrated that the novel materials have appreciable strength and stiffness. The results show the potential of utilizing full meal from vegetable by-products to prepare protein-based materials with granted ecofriendly characteristics and mechanical properties adequate to specific structural applications.
Antimicrobial Characterization of Bacillus cereus Group Strains Isolated from Different Food Sources in Apulia and Basilicata Regions
Authors: Farina Donatella , Manzulli Viviana , Bianco Angelica , Castellana Stefano , Parisi Antonio , Caruso Marta , Fraccalvieri Rosa , Serrecchia Luigina , Rondinone Valeria , Pace Lorenzo , Fasanella Antonio , Vetritto Vetritto , Difato Maria Laura , Cipolletta Dora , Iatarola Michela , Galante Domenico
Published: July 2024

Bacillus cereus is a gram-positive bacterium widespread in the environment, especially in soil and dust. It produces two types of toxins causing vomiting and diarrhea. Nowadays, food borne outbreaks due to Bacillus cereus group bacteria (especially Bacillus cereus sensu stricto) are increased, as reported by European Food Safety Authority, representing a very huge problem in agri-food chain. In this work, we analyzed 118 strains belonging to Bacillus cereus group, isolated from several food sources (fruit and vegetables, dairy products, bakery products) concerning their susceptibility to antibiotics currently most used to treat infections. Many strains showing an intermediate susceptibility to clindamycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline were detected, suggesting an evolving acquisition of resistance against these antibiotics. Moreover, one strain showed intermediate resistance to meropenem, another antibiotic currently used to treat infections caused by Bacillus cereus. Beside the antimicrobial characterization, all strains were studied comparing their antimicrobic phenotype with the presence/absence of antimicrobial genes in their genome. The analysis showed a not complete correlation between genes carried by the strains and their phenotype, demonstrating that the antibiotic resistance is due not only to genetic factors, but also to other factors such as the inappropriate use of antibiotics that can determine an acquired resistance for bacteria.
Plasma and Myocardial miRNomes Similarities and Differences during Cardiac Remodelling and Reverse Remodelling in a Murine Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Thibodeau Sara-Ève , Labbé Emylie-Ann , Walsh-Wilkinson Élisabeth , Morin-Grandmont Audrey , Arsenault Marie , Couet Jacques
Published: July 2024

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by multiple risk factors and associated conditions. HFpEF prevalence is rising, and its prognosis remains poor after the first hospitalization. Using a two-hit HFpEF murine model, we aimed at studying cardiac reverse remodelling after stopping the causing stress (Angiotensin II [AngII]) and a high-fat diet [HFD]; MHS) and introducing voluntary exercise. We studied in young male and female C57Bl6/J mice fed or not with an HFD (60% calories from fat) the cardiac response to AngII (1.5 mg/kg/day for 28 days). Then, MHS was stopped, and VE was started for another four weeks (RR). We studied the effects of MHS and RR on the circulatory microRNA (miR) profile (miRNome) and the myocardial miRNome to characterize the cardiac and non-cardiac response of small RNAs.
AngII alone and MHS but not the HFD caused cardiac hypertrophy (CH), left ventricular (LV) concentric remodelling and left atrial enlargement in male mice. HFD-induced CH and LV concentric remodelling only in female mice. Four weeks after RR, CH, LV concentric remodelling and atrial enlargement were reversed. We performed bulk circulatory and LV miR sequencing. We did not observe differences linked to biological sex. RR restored normality for circulatory miRNome, whereas LV miRNome remained relatively similar to the one after MHS. Among the 25 most abundant circulatory miRs, ten were modulated by MHS (9 upregulated). In the LV, 8 of the 25 most abundant miR were upregulated by MHS, and 10 were downregulated. MiRNomes from AngII, HFD or MHS shared many common modulated miRs (32), suggesting that the overall response of organs producing the bulk of circulatory small non-coding RNA was similar even for seemingly different stress.
The Potential of Helichsryum splendidum for Restoration of Sites Polluted with Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Munyengabe Alexis , Kamogelo Ledwaba Samuel , Ngmenzuma Titus , Banda Maria Fezile
Published: July 2024

Coal fly ash (CFA) generated from coal-fired power plants (C-FPPs) is continuing to be an environmental health concern due to its potential to contaminate groundwater, surface water, air, and soil, leading to the degradation of land. This study investigated the effectiveness of Helichrysum splendidum Less. for phytoremediation of CFA-polluted sites by conducting pot trials experiments in 14 weeks. Plants of the same age were transplanted into CFA collected from Hendrina Power station to assess their potential in assimilating metallic pollutants (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) into their tissues and untreated plants were used as controls. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to quantify the amount of trace elements in samples and the translocation factor (TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) were determined to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of Helichrysum splendidum. The results revealed that higher concentrations of As, Ni and Zn were accumulated in the aerial parts as indicated by the TF values greater than 1. In contrast, higher amounts of Cu, As and Zn were found in the roots for CFA grown plants, as demonstrated by their BCF values 1.22, 1.19 and 1.03, respectively. Although CFA medium had restricted growth of some plants as compared to the controls, the results showed an interesting removal efficiency ranging between 18.0 to 56.7% with highest reported for Cu and Zn. Gas exchange analysis revealed that photosynthetic parameters were almost similar in the CFA and control soil pots. The study can confirm that Helichrysum splendidum has phytoextraction and phytostabilization potentials and can be effectively employed for restoration of CFA dams.
Oral Microbiome: A Comprehensive Review of its Impact on Oral and Systemic Health
Authors: Krishnamurthy Hari Krishnan , Bosco Jophi , Jayaraman Vasanth , Krishna Karthik , Wang Tianhao , Bei Kang , Rajasekaran John J
Published: July 2024

Abstract:
Purpose of review:
This review investigates the oral microbiome's composition, functions, influencing factors, connections to oral and systemic diseases, and personalised oral care strategies.
Recent findings:
The oral microbiome is a complex ecosystem consisting of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses that contribute to oral health. Various factors, such as diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, lifestyle choices, and medical conditions, can affect the balance of the oral microbiome and lead to dysbiosis, which can result in oral health issues like dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, oral candidiasis, and halitosis. Importantly, our review explores novel associations between the oral microbiome and systemic diseases including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrinal, neurological conditions, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. We comprehensively review the efficacy of interventions like dental probiotics, xylitol, oral rinses, fluoride, essential oils, oil pulling, and peptides in promoting oral health by modulating the oral microbiome.
Summary:
This review emphasizes the critical functions of the oral microbiota in dental and overall health, providing insights into the effects of microbial imbalances on various diseases. It underlines the significant connection between the oral microbiota and general health. Furthermore, it explores the advantages of probiotics and other dental care ingredients in promoting oral health and addressing common oral issues, offering a comprehensive strategy for personalized oral care.
The Role of the Mediterranean Diet in Assisted Reproduction: A Literature Review
Authors: Baroutis Dimitris , Kalampokas Theodoros , Katsianou Eleni , Psarris Alexandros , Daskalakis George , Panoulis Konstantinos , Eleftheriades Makarios
Published: July 2024

The Mediterranean Diet, characterized by high intake of plant foods and unsaturated fats, has been suggested to improve assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. This literature review aimed to summarize the evidence from observational studies on the associations between preconception Mediterranean Diet and ART outcomes. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify relevant studies. Seven observational studies (n=2,321 women on ART) were included. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaires with 6-195 items. Three studies found that higher Mediterranean Diet scores improved Clinical Pregnancy or Live Birth rates, while two studies showed a positive effect on ART eggs and embryos. However, two studies reported no significant associations with ultimate ART success, and four studies found no effects on oocyte and embryo number or quality. Evidence for the effects of greater adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on ART outcomes is limited but promising. Additional rigorous research is needed to clarify and weigh the degree of association between the Mediterranean Diet and ART success.
18F-FDG PET/CT in LV-GCA during Active and Inactive Disease Stages Is Associated with the Metabolic Profile, but Not the Macrophage-Related Cytokines: Results of an Integrated Analysis
Authors: Palamidas Dimitris Anastasios , Kalykakis Georgios , Benaki Dimitra , Chatzis Loukas , Argyropoulou Ourania D , Palla Panagiota , Kollia Antonia , Kafouris Pavlos , Metaxas Marinos , Goules Andreas V , Mikros Emmanuel , Kambas Konstantinos , Anagnostopoulos Constantinos D , Tzioufas Athanasios G
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune/autoinflammatory disease affecting large vessels in patients over 50 years old. The disease presents as an acute inflammatory response with two phenotypes, cranial-GCA and Large Vessel Vasculitis (LV)-GCA, involving the thoracic aor-ta and its branches. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomogra-phy (18F-FDG PET-CT) is among the imaging techniques contributing to diagnosis of patients with systemic disease. However, its association with soluble inflammatory markers is still elu-sive. This proof-of-concept study aims to identify novel soluble serum biomarkers in PET/CT pos-itive patients with LV-GCA and associate them with active (0 months) and inactive disease (6 months following treatment), in sequential samples. The Most-Disease-Segment Target-to-Background Ratio (TBRMDS) was calculated for 9 LV-GCA patients, while 12 cranial-GCA and 7 Polymyalgia Rheumatica patients with negative initial PET/CT served as disease controls. Serum macrophage-related cytokines were evaluated by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA). Finally, previously published NMR-metabolomics data acquired at the same blood sampling were associated with PET/CT findings. TBRMDS was significantly increased in active versus inactive disease (3.45 vs. 2.55, p=0.008). The analysis identified 6 serum metabolites, as more sensitive to change from the active to inactive state. Among them, choline levels were exclusively altered in the LV-GCA group, but not the disease controls. Cytokine levels were not associated with PET/CT activity. Combining with CRP, ESR, and TBRMDS a composite index was generated to depict well the differences between active and inactive systemic LV-GCA (25.45 vs 11.45, p=0.0039). These preliminary results could pave the way for more extensive studies integrating serum metabolomic parameters with PET/CT imaging data to extract sensitive composite disease indexes useful for the everyday clinical practice.
Investigation of the Main Operational Properties of Polymer-Based Composites with the Content of Modified Mineral Filler
Authors: Nurlybayev Ruslan E. E. , Kuldeyev Erzhan I. , Kuldeyev Erzhan I. , Zhumadilova Zhanar O. , Yestemessova Axaya S. , Orynbekov Yelzhan S.
Published: July 2024

The article presents the results of research work devoted to the study of composite materials on polymer binder with the content of modified mineral filler - water-dispersion paint and varnish materials on acrylic polymer with modified filler - diatomite. The aim of the study is to obtain polymer-based composites with modified diatomite (water-dispersion paint on acrylic binder) with improved performance properties. Methods: determination of porosity, adhesion, elasticity, hiding power of the control composition; determination of porosity, adhesion, elasticity, hiding power of the obtained composites with the use of modified filler; investigation of the influence of radiation in the infrared radiation (IR) region of the spectrum of the paint coating surface using FLIRB620 thermal imager. As a result of work it is noticed that modification of water dispersions by silica activated diatomite promotes elimination of the main disadvantages of materials and coatings on the basis of acrylate binder - low water resistance and low physical and mechanical characteristics, introduction of modified diatomite into water emulsion paint on acrylate basis does not lead to deterioration of the main operational characteristics of paint and varnish coatings - porosity, adhesion, elasticity and covering. When analyzing the effect of emissivity in the IR region of the spectrum of the paint coating surface, a significant effect of the quantitative content of modified diatomite on the reduction of emissivity of paint coatings in the IR region of the spectrum was established and it was shown that a significant effect of the reduction of emissivity of paint coatings in the IR region of the spectrum is provided by the introduction of modified diatomite in the amount of 40 wt.h. into the mixture. The influence of the time of full-scale tests in the investigated small range regardless of the quantitative composition of modified diatomite on the performance characteristics of the paintwork was established.
Efficacy of Interferon-γ (Ingaron) Against Tuberculosis in BALB/c Mouse Mode
Authors: Vasileva Irina A , Samoilova Anastasia G , Abramchenko Anna V , Avdeev Vadim V , Vinokurov Anatoliy S , Romanova Maria Ya , Kayukova Svetlana I
Published: July 2024

Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is an important cytokine in host defense against tuberculosis infection. In some cases, administration of IFN-γ during tuberculosis infection can promote faster cure. In the present work, we have shown that in a mouse model, human interferon-gamma, exhibits some anti-tuberculosis activity, especially in combination with isoniazid.
Genetic Diversity of Subtropical Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Genotypes Based on SSR Markers
Authors: Mushoriwa Hapson , Mathew Isack , Tongoona Pangirayi , Gwata Eastonce T. , Chigeza Godfree , Dieng Ibnou , Tesfaye Abush A. , Derera John
Published: July 2024

Knowledge of the genetic diversity of the available germplasm is an important foundation for crop conservation, management, and improvement. Successful breeding strategies rely on a sound understanding of the genetic diversity of the crop germplasm. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the genetic diversity of 49 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] genotypes using SSR markers as well as to evaluate parental potential of these genotypes in cultivar improvement. The bulk of the genotypes were developed in the national soybean breeding program in Zimbabwe between 1940 and 2013. The genetic diversity and relatedness were estimated using 30 SSR markers and produced 5 clusters that generally matched the pedigree information of the germplasm. The SSR analysis detected a total of 135 alleles. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.10 to 0.77 with a mean of 0.45. The SSR primer, Satt012 was the most informative. The SSR marker analysis showed a wide genetic diversity in the germplasm. To date, there are no reports regarding the genetic diversity analysis of soybean germplasm in Zimbabwe. The genotypes, EL41 and EL7; EL41 and EL1; as well as EL41 and EL42 were the most divergent thus, indicating their potential use as parental lines in the genetic improvement of soybean in the region.
Machine Learning Models and Applications for Early Detection
Authors: Zapata-Cortes Orlando , Arango-Serna Martin Darío , Zapata-Cortes Julian Andres , Restrepo-Carmona Jaime Alonso
Published: July 2024

From the various perspectives of Machine Learning (ML) and the multiple models used in this discipline, there is an approach aimed at training models for the Early Detection (ED) of anoma-lies. The early detection of anomalies is crucial in multiple areas of knowledge since identifying and classifying them allows for early decision-making and provides a better response to mitigate the negative effects caused by late detection in any system. This article presents a literature review to examine which machine learning models (MLM) operate with a focus on ED in a multidisci-plinary manner and specifically how these models work in the field of fraud detection. A variety of models were found, including Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), De-cision Trees (DT), Random Forests (RF), Naive Bayesian Classifier (NB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), among others. It was identified that MLMs operate as isolated models, categorized in this article as Single Base Models (SBM) and Stacking Ensemble Models (SEM). It was identified that MLMs for ED in multiple areas under SBM and SEM implementation achieved accuracies greater than 80% and 90%, respectively. n fraud detection, accuracies greater than 90% were reported by the authors. The article concludes that MLMs for ED in multiple applications, including fraud, offer a viable way to identify and classify anomalies robustly, with a high degree of accuracy and precision. MLMs for ED in fraud are useful as they can quickly process large amounts of data to detect and classify suspicious transactions or activities, helping to prevent financial losses.
FireSonic: Design and Implementation of an Ultrasound Sensing-Based Fire Type Identification System
Authors: Wang Zheng , Wang Yanwen , Liao Mingyuan , Sun Yi , Wang Shuke , Sun Xiaoqi , Shi Xiaokang , Kang Yisen , Tian Mi , Bao Tong , Lu Ruiqi
Published: July 2024

Accurate and prompt determination of fire types is essential for effective firefighting and reducing damages. However, traditional methods such as smoke detection, visual analysis, and wireless signals pose unavailability in identifying fire types. This paper introduces FireSonic, an acoustic sensing system that leverages commercial speakers and microphones to actively probe the fire using acoustic signals, effectively identifying indoor fire types. By incorporating beamforming technology, FireSonic first enhances signal clarity and reliability, thus mitigating signal attenuation and distortion. To establish a reliable correlation between fire types and sound propagation, FireSonic quantifies the Heat Release Rate (HRR) of flames by analyzing the relationship between fire heated areas and sound wave propagation delays. Furthermore, the system extracts spatiotemporal features related to fire from channel measurements. Experimental results demonstrate that FireSonic attains an average fire type classification accuracy of 95.5% and a detection latency of less than 400 ms, satisfying the requirements for real-time monitoring. This system significantly enhances the formulation of targeted firefighting strategies, boosting fire response effectiveness and public safety.
GPU Accelerated Volume Renderer for Use with MATLAB
Authors: Scheible Raphael
Published: July 2024

Visualization of volumetric data holds great importance, particularly in medical and biomedical applications. Various imaging techniques, such as FMRI and 3D microscopy, are employed to generate volumetric data, used in medical practice, research, and teaching. Commonly utilized tools like 3D Slicer, Fiji, and MATLAB ® aid in rendering and analyzing 3D images. However, these tools may lack comprehensive rendering functionality and face challenges in handling computational demands as data sizes grow. To address these limitations, this work introduces a GPU-supported renderer with a MATLAB ® interface. This solution gives the user flexible control over rendering parameters and optimizes data transfer through a memory management system. By leveraging the computational power of NVIDIA GPUs, the renderer enables complex and high-quality renderings, enhancing speed and efficiency. It therefore facilitates the analysis and visualization of volumetric data within an integrated environment, namely MATLAB ®, streamlining their workflows. This advancement provides valuable opportunities for researchers and medical professionals to explore and comprehend volumetric data effectively.
HP-YOLOv8: High-Precision Small Object Detection Algorithm for Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Yao Guangzhen , Zhu Sandong , Zhang Long , Qi And Miao
Published: July 2024

YOLOv8, as an efficient object detection method, can swiftly and precisely identify objects within images. However, traditional algorithms encounter difficulties when detecting small targets in remote sensing images, such as missing information, background noise, and interactions among multiple objects in complex scenes, which may affect performance. To tackle these challenges, we propose an enhanced algorithm
optimized for detecting small objects in remote sensing images, named HP-YOLOv8. Firstly, we design the C2f-D-Mixer (C2f-DM) module as a replacement for the original C2f module. This module integrates both local and global information, significantly improving the ability to detect features of small objects. Secondly, we introduce a feature fusion technique based on attention mechanisms, named Bi-Level Routing Attention in Gated Feature Pyramid Network (BGFPN). This technique utilizes an efficient feature aggregation network and reparameterization technology to optimize information interaction between different scale feature maps, and through the Bi-level Routing Attention (BRA) mechanism, it effectively captures critical feature information of small target objects. Finally, we propose the Smooth Mean Perpendicular Distance Intersection over Union (SMPDIoU) loss function. The method comprehensively considers the shape and size of detection boxes, enhances the model's focus on the attributes of detection boxes and provides a more accurate bounding box regression loss calculation method. To demonstrate our approach's efficacy, we conduct comprehensive experiments across the RSOD, NWPU VHR-10, and VisDrone2019 datasets. The experimental results show that the HP-YOLOv8 achieves 95.11%, 93.05%, and 53.49% in the mAP@0.5 metric, and 72.03%, 65.37%, and 38.91% in the more stringent mAP@0.5:0.95 metric, respectively.