bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspiration-assisted bioprinting of the osteochondral interface
Authors: Ayan Bugra , Wu Yang , Karuppagounder Vengadeshprabhu , Kamal Fadia , Ozbolat Ibrahim T.
Published: August 2020

Osteochondral defects contain damage to both the articular cartilage and underlying subchon- dral bone, which remains a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery. Layered structure of bone, cartilage and the bone-cartilage interface must be taken into account in the case of biofabrication of the osteochondral (OC) interface. In this study, a dual layered OC interface was bioprinted using a newly developed aspiration-assisted bioprinting (AAB) technique, which has been the first time that scaffold-free bioprinting was applied to OC interface engineering. Tissue spheroids, made of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), were differentiated in three dimensions (3D) into chondrogenic and osteogenic spheroids, which were confirmed by immunostaining and histology qualitatively, and biochemistry assays and gene expression, quantitatively. Remarkably, the OC interface was bioprinted by accurate positioning of a layer of osteogenic spheroids onto a sacrificial alginate support followed by another layer of chondrogenic spheroids overlaid by the same support. Spheroids in individual zones fused and the maintenance of phenotypes in both zones confirmed the successful biofabrication of the histomorphologically-relevant OC interface. The biofabrication of OC tissue model without the use of polymeric scaffolds unveils great potential not only in regenerative medicine but also in drug testing and disease modeling for osteoarthritis.
Cognitive function and brain plasticity in a rat model of shift work: role of daily rhythms, sleep and glucocorticoids
Authors: Marti Andrea R. , Pedersen Torhild T. , Wisor Jonathan P. , Mrdalj Jelena , Holmelid Øystein , Patil Sudarshan , Meerlo Peter , Bramham Clive R. , Grønli Janne
Published: August 2020

Many occupations require operations during the night-time when the internal circadian clock promotes sleep, in many cases resulting in impairments in cognitive performance and brain functioning. Here, we use a rat model to attempt to identify the biological mechanisms underlying such impaired performance. Rats were exposed to forced activity, either in their rest-phase (simulating night-shift work; rest work) or in their active-phase (simulating day-shift work; active work). Sleep, wakefulness and body temperature rhythm were monitored throughout. Following three work shifts, spatial memory performance was tested on the Morris Water Maze task. After 4 weeks washout, the work protocol was repeated, and blood and brain tissue collected. Simulated night-shift work impaired spatial memory and altered biochemical markers of cerebral cortical protein synthesis. Measures of daily rhythm strength were blunted, and sleep drive increased. Individual variation in the data suggested differences in shift work tolerance. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that type of work, changes in daily rhythmicity and changes in sleep drive predict spatial memory performance and expression of brain protein synthesis regulators. Moreover, serum corticosterone levels predicted expression of brain protein synthesis regulators. These findings open new research avenues into the biological mechanisms that underlie individual variation in shift work tolerance.
Assessment of left ventricular deformation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking
Authors: Xie Lin-jun , Dong Zhi-hui , Yang Zhi-gang , Deng Ming-yan , Gao Yue , Jiang Li , Hu Bi-yue , Liu Xi , Ren Yan , Xia Chun-chao , Li Zhen-lin , Zhang Hua-peng , Zhou Xiao-yue , Guo Ying-kun
Published: August 2020

To quantify the global and regional left ventricular (LV) myocardial strain in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) tissue-tracking techniques and to determine the ability of myocardial strain parameters to assessment the LV deformation. Our study included 98 adult T2DM patients (preserved LV ejection fraction [LVEF], 72; reduced LVEF, 26) and 35 healthy controls. Conventional LV function, volume-time curve parameters and LV remodeling index were measured using CMR. Global and regional LV myocardial strain parameters were measured using CMR tissue tracking and compared between the different sub-groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the diagnostic accuracy. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between strain parameters and the LV remodeling index. The results show that global radial peak strain (PS) and circumferential PS were not significantly different between the preserved-LVEF group and control group (P > 0.05). However, longitudinal PS was significantly lower in the preserved-LVEF group than in the control group (P = 0.005). Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses showed that global longitudinal PS was independently associated (β = 0.385, P < 0.001) with the LV remodeling index. In conclusion, early quantitative evaluation of cardiac deformation can be successfully performed using CMR tissue tracking in T2DM patients. In addition, global longitudinal PS can complement LVEF in the assessment of cardiac function.
Sediment microbial fuel cells as a barrier to sulfide accumulation and their potential for sediment remediation beneath aquaculture pens
Authors: Algar Christopher K. , Howard Annie , Ward Colin , Wanger Gregory
Published: August 2020

Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) generate electricity through the oxidation of reduced compounds, such as sulfide or organic carbon compounds, buried in anoxic sediments. The ability to remove sulfide suggests their use in the remediation of sediments impacted by point source organic matter loading, such as occurs beneath open pen aquaculture farms. However, for SMFCs to be a viable technology they must remove sulfide at a scale relevant to the environmental contamination and their impact on the sediment geochemistry as a whole must be evaluated. Here we address these issues through a laboratory microcosm experiment. Two SMFCs placed in high organic matter sediments were operated for 96 days and compared to open circuit and sediment only controls. The impact on sediment geochemistry was evaluated with microsensor profiling for oxygen, sulfide, and pH. The SMFCs had no discernable effect on oxygen profiles, however porewater sulfide was significantly lower in the sediment microcosms with functioning SMFCs than those without. Depth integrated sulfide inventories in the SMFCs were only 20% that of the controls. However, the SMFCs also lowered pH in the sediments and the consequences of this acidification on sediment geochemistry should be considered if developing SMFCs for remediation. The data presented here indicate that SMFCs have potential for the remediation of sulfidic sediments around aquaculture operations.
Dependence of nonthermal metallization kinetics on bond ionicity of compounds
Authors: Voronkov R. A. , Medvedev N. , Volkov A. E.
Published: August 2020

It is known that covalently bonded materials undergo nonthermal structure transformations upon ultrafast excitation of an electronic system, whereas metals exhibit phonon hardening in the bulk. Here we study how ionic bonds react to electronic excitation. Density-functional molecular dynamics predicts that ionic crystals may melt nonthermally, however, into an electronically insulating state, in contrast to covalent materials. We demonstrate that the band gap behavior during nonthermal transitions depends on a bonding type: it is harder to collapse the band gap in more ionic compounds, which is illustrated by transformations in Y2O3 vs. NaCl, LiF and KBr.
Bi-layered architecture facilitates high strength and ventilation in nest mounds of fungus-farming termites
Authors: Zachariah Nikita , Singh Saurabh , Murthy Tejas G. , Borges Renee M.
Published: August 2020

Mass–energy transfer across the boundaries of living systems is crucial for the maintenance of homeostasis; however, it is scarcely known how structural strength and integrity is maintained in extended phenotypes while also achieving optimum heat–mass exchange. Here we present data on strength, stability, porosity and permeability of termite mounds of a fungus-farming species, Odontotermes obesus. We demonstrate that the termite mound is a bi-layered structure with a dense, strong core and a porous shell that is constantly remodelled. Its safety factor is extraordinarily high and is orders of magnitude higher than those of human constructions. The porous peripheries are analogous to the mulch layer used in agriculture and help in moisture retention crucial for the survival of fungus gardens, while also allowing adequate wind-induced ventilation of the mounds. We suggest that the architectural solutions offered by these termites have wider implications for natural and industrial building technologies.
Effect of 6p21 region on lung function is modified by smoking: a genome-wide interaction study
Authors: Park Boram , An Jaehoon , Kim Wonji , Kang Hae Yeon , Koh Sang Baek , Oh Bermseok , Jung Keum Ji , Jee Sun Ha , Kim Woo Jin , Cho Michael H. , Silverman Edwin K. , Park Taesung , Won Sungho
Published: August 2020

Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, more than 25% of COPD patients are non-smokers, and gene-by-smoking interactions are expected to affect COPD onset. We aimed to identify the common genetic variants interacting with pack-years of smoking on FEV1/FVC ratios in individuals with normal lung function. A genome-wide interaction study (GWIS) on FEV1/FVC was performed for individuals with FEV1/FVC ratio ≥ 70 in the Korea Associated Resource cohort data, and significant SNPs were validated using data from two other Korean cohorts. The GWIS revealed that rs10947231 and rs8192575 met genome-wide significant levels; For $${\text{H}}_{0} :\beta_{SNP} = \beta_{SNP*pack - years} = 0{\text{ vs H}}_{1} : not {\text{H}}_{0} ,$$

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the likelihood ratio (LR) test was conducted, and its P values, PLR, for rs10947231 and rs8192575 were 2.23 × 10–12 and 1.18 × 10–8, respectively. Interaction between rs8192575 and smoking is significantly replicated with two additional data (PINT = 0.0454, 0.0131). Expression quantitative trait loci, topologically associated domains, and PrediXcan analyses revealed that rs8192575 is significantly associated with AGER expression. SNPs on the 6p21 region are associated with FEV1/FVC, and the effect of smoking on FEV1/FVC differs among the associated genotypes.
Author Correction: Enhanced tenacity of mycobacterial aerosols from necrotic neutrophils
Authors: Pfrommer E. , Dreier C. , Gabriel G. , Dallenga T. , Reimer R. , Schepanski K. , Scherließ R. , Schaible U. E. , Gutsmann T.
Published: August 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Publisher Correction: Relationship between Macroeconomic Indicators and Economic Cycles in U.S.
Authors: Iyetomi Hiroshi , Aoyama Hideaki , Fujiwara Yoshi , Souma Wataru , Vodenska Irena , Yoshikawa Hiroshi
Published: August 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Treatment of mice with S4B6 IL-2 complex prevents lethal toxoplasmosis via IL-12- and IL-18-dependent interferon-gamma production by non-CD4 immune cells
Authors: Kupz Andreas , Pai Saparna , Giacomin Paul R. , Whan Jennifer A. , Walker Robert A. , Hammoudi Pierre-Mehdi , Smith Nicholas C. , Miller Catherine M.
Published: August 2020

Toxoplasmic encephalitis is an AIDS-defining condition. The decline of IFN-γ-producing CD4+T cells in AIDS is a major contributing factor in reactivation of quiescentToxoplasma gondiito an actively replicating stage of infection. Hence, it is important to characterize CD4-independent mechanisms that constrain acuteT. gondiiinfection. We investigated the in vivo regulation of IFN-γ production by CD8+T cells, DN T cells and NK cells in response to acuteT. gondiiinfection. Our data show that processing of IFN-γ by these non-CD4 cells is dependent on both IL-12 and IL-18 and the secretion of bioactive IL-18 in response toT. gondiirequires the sensing of viable parasites by multiple redundant inflammasome sensors in multiple hematopoietic cell types. Importantly, our results show that expansion of CD8+T cells, DN T cells and NK cell by S4B6 IL-2 complex pre-treatment increases survival rates of mice infected withT. gondiiand this is dependent on IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-γ. Increased survival is accompanied by reduced pathology but is independent of expansion of TRegcells or parasite burden. This provides evidence for a protective role of IL2C-mediated expansion of non-CD4 cells and may represent a promising lead to adjunct therapy for acute toxoplasmosis.
Brain MRI features of methylmalonic acidemia in children: the relationship between neuropsychological scores and MRI findings
Authors: Yang Linfeng , Guo Bin , Li Xue , Liu Xiangyu , Wei Xinhong , Guo Lingfei
Published: August 2020

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe, heterogeneous disorder of methylmalonate and cobalamin (cbl; vitamin B12) metabolism with a poor prognosis that can cause brain damage. Identifying the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of MMA might help to make accurate diagnoses earlier in the disease course and exploring the relationship between neuropsychological scores and MRI findings, when therapy is more effective and to improve therapeutic efficacy. Cerebral MRI studies from 37 children with MMA were evaluated by a neuroradiologist. Clinical and imaging data were collected from each patient. All tests were performed during routine investigations and in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from the guardians of all patients for inclusion in the study. The most common and significant findings were periventricular white matter changes (78.4%), ventricular dilation (29.7%) and cerebral atrophy (40.5%). According to the developmental quotient, the 37 patients were divided into the normal intelligence subgroup (NI, developmental quotient ≥ 85) and the low intelligence subgroup (LI, developmental quotient < 85). The incidence of corpus callosal thinning, cortical atrophy, subcortical white matter changes, and ventricular dilation (grades 0–3) was significantly higher in the LI subgroup than in the NI subgroup (P < 0.05). The incidence of no-mild and moderate-severe ventricular dilation was significantly higher in the LI subgroup than in the NI subgroup (P < 0.05). Ventricular dilatation, cerebral atrophy, white matter changes, and corpus callosal thinning are the main MRI abnormalities in MMA patients, and these manifestations are significantly correlated with delayed development in children.
Analysis of platelets from a diet-induced obesity rat model: elucidating platelet dysfunction in obesity
Authors: Barrachina María N. , Morán Luis A. , Izquierdo Irene , Casanueva Felipe F. , Pardo María , García Ángel
Published: August 2020

Obesity is one of the main health problems in industrialized countries. The contribution of multiple factors developed in obesity can hardly be modeled in vitro. In this context, the development of animal models mimicking human obesity could be essential. The aim of the present study was to compare platelets from a diet-induced obesity (DIO) rat model with their lean control group in order to elucidate platelet dysfunction mechanisms in obesity and correlate the results with previous data from morbid obese patients. In parallel, we also established a blood collection and platelet isolation methodology to study the DIO rat model at biochemical and functional level. Optimal blood collection was obtained from vena cava and platelet isolation was based on a serial of centrifugations avoiding platelet activation. Our results show that the DIO rat model simulate obesity pathologically since weight gain, fasting glucose and platelet counts are increased in obese rats. Interestingly, platelet levels of the active form of Src (pTyr419) showed a tendency to increase in DIO rats pointing towards a potential dysfunction in Src family kinases-related signalling pathways in obesity. Moreover, platelets from DIO rats adhere more to collagen compared with the control group, pointing towards Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) as one of the dysregulated receptors in obesity, in agreement with our recent studies in humans. These results confirm that obesity, in line with human studies, present a platelet dysregulation, and highlight the relevance of considering novel antithrombotic drug targets in these patients, such as GPVI.
Matching and adjusting energy band structures of Pd-modified sulphides (ZnS, In2S3 and CuS) and improving the photocatalytic activity of CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Li Hanbo , Sun Tongqing , Zhang Lixin , Cao Yaan
Published: August 2020

The introduction of the –S–Pd–S– surface species on the surface of sulphides can increase the activity of catalysts.
Surface modification of garnet with amorphous SnO2via atomic layer deposition
Authors: Tang Bin , Gao Longxue , Liu Junqing , Bo Shou-Hang , Xie Zhaojun , Wei Jinping , Zhou Zhen
Published: August 2020

We sputter amorphous SnO2 layer onto the surface of solid electrolytes via atomic layer deposition, which reduces interfacial resistance, prevents interface reactions with metallic lithium and provides high stability for long cycling.
Soybean seed vigor discrimination by using infrared spectroscopy and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Larios Gustavo , Nicolodelli Gustavo , Ribeiro Matheus , Canassa Thalita , Reis Andre R. , Oliveira Samuel L. , Alves Charline Z. , Marangoni Bruno S. , Cena Cícero
Published: August 2020

A novel approach to distinguish soybean seed vigor based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) associated with chemometric methods is presented.
Transfer hydrogenation of carbon dioxide via bicarbonate promoted by bifunctional C–N chelating Cp*Ir complexes
Authors: Sato Yasuhiro , Kayaki Yoshihito , Ikariya Takao
Published: August 2020

Metal–NH cooperative Ir complexes having a C–N chelate effectively promoted the reduction of bicarbonate and half-carbonate salts formed from CO2 in 2-propanol under mild conditions to produce formate salts with a maximum turnover number of 3200.
Correction: Supramolecular gels derived from nucleoside based bolaamphiphiles as a light-sensitive soft material
Authors: Baillet Julie , Gaubert Alexandra , Bassani Dario M. , Verget Julien , Latxague Laurent , Barthélémy Philippe
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Supramolecular gels derived from nucleoside based bolaamphiphiles as a light-sensitive soft material’ by Julie Baillet et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 3397–3400, DOI: 10.1039/D0CC00336K.
A Cu(i)–I coordination polymer fluorescent chemosensor with amino-rich sites for nitro aromatic compound (NAC) detection in water
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yang Qingfeng , Li Xiaoping , Miao Chengxia , Hou Qin , Ai Shiyun
Published: August 2020

The detection sensitivity increased as the sizes of [Cu2I2(MA)2] decreased and the selectivity improved by introducing amino-rich ligands.
Various guest PAHs locked into a soft-cavity-type host assembled via halogen bonds to form luminescent cocrystals
Authors: Wu Wen Xin , Wang Hui , Jin Wei Jun
Published: August 2020

Host chains assembled from 1,4-DITFB and PPNO mainly using C–I⋯−O–N+ halogen bonds present a remarkable capacity to accommodate PAHs of various sizes, and the generated host–guest ternary cocrystals exhibit diverse luminescence properties.
Interfacial superassembly of MoSe2@Ti2N MXene hybrids enabling promising lithium-ion storage
Authors: Zong Hui , Hu Le , Wang Zhenguo , Yu Ke , Gong Shijing , Zhu Ziqiang
Published: August 2020

Our work presents an interfacial superassembly by engineering MoSe2 nanoflowers coupled with ribbon-like Ti2N MXene frameworks. It can provide a novel synthesis strategy to improve the performance of LIBs.
Why does there have to be a residual Na ion as a co-cation on Cu/SSZ-13?
Authors: Chen Zexiang , Tan Xuguang , Wang Jun , Wang Chen , Wang Jianqiang , Li Wei , Shen Meiqing
Published: August 2020

Only the residual Na+ ion as co-cation improves the hydrothermal stability and NH3-SCR activity of Cu/SSZ-13.
An in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticle-loaded genetically engineered polypeptide nanogels for antibacterial and wound healing applications
Authors: Zhao Dong-Hui , Yang Jie , Yao Ming-Hao , Li Chao-Qing , Zhang Bin , Zhu Dan , Zhao Yuan-Di , Liu Bo
Published: August 2020

One-step in situ synthesis of Ag nanoparticle encapsulated in polypeptide nanogels for antibacterial and wound healing.
The effect of the photochemical environment on photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Huang Xiaoqian , Li Yanfei , Gao Xiaoru , Xue Qihui , Zhang Ruikang , Gao Yuanzhe , Han Zhangang , Shao Mingfei
Published: August 2020

The effect of the chemical and photic environment on photoanodes in PEC water splitting is rationally studied.
Counter anions influence the relaxation dynamics of phenoxy-bridged Dy2 single molecule magnets
Authors: Liu Shuting , Lu Jingjing , Li Xiao-Lei , Zhu Zhenhua , Tang Jinkui
Published: August 2020

Structural and magnetic investigations into four dinuclear dysprosium complexes reveal that the counter anion influences the dynamic relaxation process in these complexes.
Structure and magnetism of the Rh4+-containing perovskite oxides La0.5Sr0.5Mn0.5Rh0.5O3and La0.5Sr0.5Fe0.5Rh0.5O3
Authors: Hasanli Nijat , Scrimshire Alex , Bingham Paul A. , Palgrave Robert G. , Hayward Michael A.
Published: August 2020

Differing 3d/4d coupling strengths between MnIII/RhIVand FeIII/RhIVresult in dramatically different magnetic behaviour for these perovskite oxides.
Atmospheric sea-salt and halogen cycles in the Antarctic
Authors: Hara Keiichiro , Osada Kazuo , Yabuki Masanori , Matoba Sumito , Hirabayashi Motohiro , Fujita Shuji , Nakazawa Fumio , Yamanouchi Takashi
Published: August 2020

Atmospheric sea-salt and halogen cycles play important roles in atmospheric science and chemistry including cloud processes and oxidation capacity in the Antarctic troposphere.
Isolation of extracellular vesicles from small volumes of plasma using a microfluidic aqueous two-phase system
Authors: Han Bo Hoon , Kim Sumi , Seo Geeyoon , Heo Youhee , Chung Seok , Kang Ji Yoon
Published: August 2020

A microfluidic aqueous two-phase system to isolate extracellular vesicles from small volumes of sample with high recovery efficiency.
Finger-powered fluidic actuation and mixing via MultiJet 3D printing
Authors: Sweet Eric , Mehta Rudra , Xu Yifan , Jew Ryan , Lin Rachel , Lin Liwei
Published: August 2020

Entirely 3D-printed sources of human-powered, electricity-free fluidic actuation (∼100–3000 μL min−1) and mixing are developed.
Correction: A bespoke microfluidic pharmacokinetic compartment model for drug absorption using artificial cell membranes
Authors: Korner Jaime L. , Stephenson Elanna B. , Elvira Katherine S.
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘A bespoke microfluidic pharmacokinetic compartment model for drug absorption using artificial cell membranes’ by Jaime L. Korner et al., Lab Chip, 2020, 20, 1898–1906, DOI: 10.1039/D0LC00263A.
Enhancing photoelectrochemical performance of the Bi2MoO6 photoanode by ferroelectric polarization regulation
Authors: Xie Zhongshuai , Cui Zongyang , Shi Jiafeng , Lin Cheng , Zhang Kan , Yuan Guoliang , Liu Jun-Ming
Published: August 2020

The photoelectrochemical performance of the Bi2MoO6-nanopillar photoanode is largely enhanced when its ferroelectric polarization orients toward the ITO layer.
Relating the composition and interface interactions in the hard corona of gold nanoparticles to the induced response mechanisms in living cells
Authors: Peter Szekeres Gergo , Werner Stephan , Guttmann Peter , Spedalieri Cecilia , Drescher Daniela , Živanović Vesna , Montes-Bayón Maria , Bettmer Jörg , Kneipp Janina
Published: August 2020

Combined proteomics, nanotomography, and live cell spectroscopy help relate gold nanoparticle processing to the interactions at the nanoparticle interface.
Electrical conduction and field emission of a single-crystalline GdB44Si2 nanowire
Authors: Tang Shuai , Tang Jie , Chiu Ta-Wei , Yuan Jinshi , Tang Dai-Ming , Mitome Masanori , Uesugi Fumihiko , Nemoto Yoshihiro , Takeguchi Masaki , Qin Lu-Chang
Published: August 2020

The electric conductivity and field emission property of a single-crystalline GdB44Si2 nanowire are studied. It showed a low work function and delivered a stable emission current, highlighting its great potential for field emission applications.
Sensitivity enhancement of DHR123 radio-fluorogenic nanoclay gel dosimeter by incorporating surfactants and halogenides
Authors: Mochizuki Anri , Maeyama Takuya , Watanabe Yusuke , Mizukami Shinya
Published: August 2020

Dosimetry of spatial dose distribution of ionizing radiation in tissue equivalent materials using high sensitive radio-fluorogenic gel dosimeter using DHR123 with sensitizer. (Radiation therapy planning image courtesy of Varian Medical Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.)
H2O-prompted CO2 capture on metal silicates in situ generated from SBA-15
Authors: Li Meijun , Tian Mengkun , Chen Hao , Mahurin Shannon Mark , Wu Zili , Dai Sheng
Published: August 2020

Porous metal silicates prepared by an in situ doping strategy of metals into SBA-15 under hydrothermal conditions display efficient CO2 capture performances in the absence and presence of moisture.
Synthesis of hierarchical MgO based on a cotton template and its adsorption properties for efficient treatment of oilfield wastewater
Authors: Tang Ying , Li Zhaoyi , Xu Zhongying , Zhang Jie , Qu Chengtun , Zhang Zhifang
Published: August 2020

A biomorphic MgO nanomaterial was fabricated via a facile and low-cost immersion method using cotton as the template.
Ultrasensitive melanoma biomarker detection using a microchip SERS immunoassay with anisotropic Au–Ag alloy nanoboxes
Authors: Kumar Aswin Raj , Shanmugasundaram Karthik Balaji , Li Junrong , Zhang Zhen , Ibn Sina Abu Ali , Wuethrich Alain , Trau Matt
Published: August 2020

The detection of circulating biomarkers in liquid biopsies has the potential to provide a non-invasive route for earlier cancer diagnosis and treatment management.
The geometrical structure and electronic properties of trivalent Ho3+doped Y2O3crystals: a first-principles study
Authors: Ju Meng , Pan Lu , Zhang Chuanzhao , Jin Yuanyuan , Zhong Mingmin , Li Song , Li Shichang , Yang Tie , Wang Xiaotian
Published: August 2020

Our study successfully identified the ground-state structure of Ho3+-doped Y2O3crystal for the first time.
Synthesis and properties of a stimulus-responsive block polymer
Authors: Wang B. , Liu F. Q.
Published: August 2020

In this study, two different macromolecular CTA segments (PVP-CTA-PVP and PDMAEMA-CTA-PDMAEMA) were prepared by RAFT polymerization, followed by the synthesis of the block polymer PDMAEMA-b-PVP-CTA-PVP-b-PDMAEMA.
Synthesis of benzonaphthofuroquinones and benzoylnaphthindolizinediones by reactions of flavonoids with dichlone under basylous, oxygenous and aqueous conditions: their cytotoxic and apoptotic activities
Authors: Luo Peng , Wei Wanxing , Haider Saqlain , Khan Shabana I. , Wang Mei , Pan Weigao , Chittiboyina Amar G.
Published: August 2020

Using flavonoids and dichlone as substrates, six benzonaphthofuroquinones and three benzoylnaphthindolizinediones were synthesized through common base-catalyzed method and a new method of combining base-catalyzed with O2/H2O exposing.
Correction: Reliable prediction of n-heptane isomerization over Pt/(CrOx/ZrO2)-HMS via comparative assessment of regularization networks and surface response methodologies
Authors: Parsafard Nastaran , Asil Ali Garmroodi , Mirzaei Shohreh
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Reliable prediction of n-heptane isomerization over Pt/(CrOx/ZrO2)-HMS via comparative assessment of regularization networks and surface response methodologies’ by Nastaran Parsafard et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 26034–26051, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA04313C.
Fast carbonylation reaction from CO2 using plasma gas/liquid microreactors for radiolabeling applications
Authors: Gaudeau Marion , Zhang Mengxue , Tatoulian Michaël , Lescot Camille , Ognier Stéphanie
Published: August 2020

The major challenge for 11C-radiolabelling is the short half-life time of 11C (t1/2 = 20.4 min) – in this study, a novel efficient process combining microfluidics and plasma is proposed for fast carbonylation reactions from CO2.
Lanthanide MOFs for inducing molecular chirality of achiral stilbazolium with strong circularly polarized luminescence and efficient energy transfer for color tuning
Authors: Zeng Min , Ren Ang , Wu Wubin , Zhao Yongsheng , Zhan Chuanlang , Yao Jiannian
Published: August 2020

Homochiral Ln-MOFs are synthesized to encapsulate achiral dyes to induce strong circularly polarized luminescence with a luminescence dissymmetry factor of 10−3.
Insights Into Category Sorting Flexibility in Bilingual Children: Results of a Cognitive Lab Study
Authors: Simon-Cereijido Gabriela , Bedore Lisa M. , Peña Elizabeth D. , Iglesias Aquiles
Published: August 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to explore how bilingual children shift sets to gain flexibility when forming categories. Using a cognitive lab approach focused on understanding how learners approach problems, we asked children to sort 10 sets of pictures representing common objects in two different ways and to explain their rationale for the sort. We explored the relationship between age and language use on their performance.

Method

Forty-six typically developing Spanish–English bilingual children (25 girls, 21 boys) participated in the study. They ranged in age from 4;0 to 10;11 (years;months). Receptive and expressive responses to a novel category sorting task were collected.

Results

Forty-four of the 46 children tested were able to perform the category sorting task. Within language, receptive and expressive category sorting scores were positively and significantly correlated while only expressive scores were significantly associated across languages. There were significant correlations between the sorting scores and age and language output and input. Children's ability to provide expressive responses explaining their sort strategy was moderately correlated with their language experience, especially English output.

Conclusions

The category sorting task proved useful in eliciting sorting behaviors and naming from the children tested. The age effect suggests that sorting may reflect their general developmental experience rather than their language-specific experience. The cognitive lab approach allowed us to understand how children shift sets and verbalize their understanding of the categorization process. Knowing how children approach this task can inform future work to develop ways to strategically select language intervention goals and document progress.
Working Memory and Linguistic Performance of Dual Language Learners With and Without Developmental Language Disorders
Authors: Guiberson Mark M. , Rodríguez Barbara L.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

This research note describes the use of working memory measures as potential indicators of developmental language disorders (DLD) in preschool-age dual language learners from Spanish-speaking backgrounds. This report is an extension of early work, completed by the same authors that described the diagnostic accuracy of a Spanish nonword repetition task.

Method

One hundred thirty Spanish-speaking families with preschool-age children participated; 37 children had DLD, and 93 were typically developing. Families were recruited from early childhood programs in three states in the western region of the United States. Working memory and linguistic measures were collected from the children; parents completed a vocabulary checklist and reported on their child's longest utterances.

Results

Nonverbal working memory was not associated with other measures, but verbal working memory was associated with linguistic measures. Although there were no group differences on nonverbal working memory, group differences (DLD vs. typical development) were detected on verbal working memory and linguistic measures. Verbal working memory combined with vocabulary scores resulted in 79% of cases correctly classified.

Conclusions

Working memory tasks yielded different results depending on the type of task (verbal vs. nonverbal). Outcomes from this study showed that a nonverbal working memory task (hand movement) was not useful in distinguishing preschool-age dual language children with DLD from typical peers, but a verbal working memory task (nonword repetition) may be useful if combined with other more robust linguistic measures.
Grammatical Characteristics of Vietnamese and English in Developing Bilingual Children
Authors: Dam Quynh , Pham Giang , Potapova Irina , Pruitt-Lord Sonja
Published: August 2020

Purpose

Defining parameters for typical development in bilingual children's first and second languages can serve as the basis for accurate language assessment. This is the first study to characterize Vietnamese and English grammatical development in a sample of bilingual children.

Method

Participants were 89 Vietnamese–English bilingual children, aged 3–8 years. Children completed story retell tasks in Vietnamese and English. Stories were transcribed and analyzed for grammaticality, error patterns, subordination index, and types of subordinating clauses. Of key interest were associations with age and identifying developmental patterns that were shared across languages or unique to a given language.

Results

Age correlated with more measures in English than in Vietnamese, suggesting that older children had higher grammaticality and greater syntactic complexity in English than younger children. Children also produced greater syntactic complexity with age in Vietnamese, but not higher grammaticality. There were a set of error patterns shared across languages (e.g., object omission) and patterns specific to each language (e.g., classifier errors in Vietnamese, tense errors in English). While children produced nominal, adverbial, and relative clauses in Vietnamese and English, the proportion of each clause type differed by language.

Conclusions

Results from this typically developing sample provide a reference point to improve clinical practice. Characterizing developmental patterns in sentence structure in Vietnamese and English lays the groundwork for investigations of language disorders in this bilingual population.
Exploring the Cultural Validity of Parent-Implemented Naturalistic Language Intervention Procedures for Families From Spanish-Speaking Latinx Homes
Authors: Cycyk Lauren M. , Huerta Lidia
Published: August 2020

Purpose

This study addressed the cultural, linguistic, and contextual validity of parent-implemented naturalistic language interventions for young children from Latinx homes. Parents' perspectives on the acceptability of commonly delivered intervention procedures were explored.

Method

Thirty-seven parents from Spanish-speaking Latinx backgrounds with children under the age of 6 years participated. Four focus groups were completed. Parents responded to 14 procedures regarding the intervention implementers, settings, activities, strategies, and language. Structural and emergent coding was used to explore procedural acceptability and parents' rationales for perceiving each procedure as acceptable, not acceptable, or neutral.

Results

Substantial intracultural variability in parents' acceptance of specific procedures and the reasons for their perspectives was observed. Parents' perspectives evinced both individualist and collectivist orientations toward child language development. Several suggestions regarding promising adaptations for early language interventions that may overlap with evidence-based parent-implemented naturalistic language intervention procedures emerged.

Conclusion

The findings highlight the variability within the Latinx community that is likely to impact the cultural validity of early language interventions for children and families from this background. Considerations for enhancing interventions to achieve cultural congruency and promote child outcomes are provided.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12315713
Phonological–Orthographic Deficits in Developmental Dyslexia in Three Spanish–English Bilingual Students
Authors: Ijalba Elizabeth , Bustos Alicia , Romero Sayume
Published: August 2020

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to present three case studies of developmental dyslexia in dual-language learners (DLLs) and our assessment process. We identify how phonological and orthographic deficits influence reading outcomes. We review the literature on theoretical models of bilingualism and reading models of developmental dyslexia to guide the assessment process through a multicomponential approach. We point out differences in the manifestation of dyslexia in more and less transparent writing systems. We suggest that reading instruction in Spanish can afford benefits to English–Spanish DLLs with developmental dyslexia.

Method

The study included three participants, two in fifth grade (10.3–11.7 years) and one in college (18.7 years). The assessment battery included reading nonwords and sight words (Test of Word Reading Efficiency); reading accuracy, fluency, and comprehension (Gray Oral Reading Tests–Fourth Edition); phonological awareness subtests (Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing); and rapid automatized naming tests. A language and reading history interview was elicited from the mothers. In addition, we analyzed the participants' phonemic and word errors in reading.

Results

Our three participants showed core phonological deficits, with decreased performance in decoding nonwords and low accuracy in reading aloud. In spite of their reading and writing deficits, reading comprehension was within average levels for the three participants in this study.

Conclusions

We show the importance of assessing reading processes in students with a history of reading and writing problems. Our findings are based on three single case studies and are not generalizable. Our aim is to stimulate questions and research on dyslexia and the particular needs of DLLs.
Search for He I airglow emission from the hot Jupiter τ Boo b
Authors: Zhang Y. , Snellen I. A. G. , Mollière P. , Alonso-Floriano F. J. , Webb R. K. , Brogi M. , Wyttenbach A.
Published: August 2020

Context. It has been suggested that the helium absorption line at 10 830 Å that originates from the metastable triplet state 23S is an excellent probe for the extended atmospheres of hot Jupiters and their hydrodynamic escape processes. It has recently been detected in the transmission spectra of a handful of planets. The isotropic reemission will lead to helium airglow that may be observable at other orbital phases.

Aims. We investigate the detectability of He I emission at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of exoplanets using high-resolution spectroscopy. This would provide insights into the properties of the upper atmospheres of close-in gas giants.

Methods. We estimated the expected strength of He I emission in hot Jupiters based on their transmission signal. We searched for the He I 10 830 Å emission feature in τ Boo b in three nights of high-resolution spectra taken by CARMENES at the 3.5m Calar Alto telescope. The spectra from each night were corrected for telluric absorption, sky emission lines, and stellar features, and were shifted to the planetary rest frame to search for the emission.

Results. The He I emission is not detected in τ Boo b at a 5σ contrast limit of 4 × 10−4 for emission line widths of >20 km s−1. This is about a factor 8 above the expected emission level (assuming a typical He I transit absorption of 1% for hot Jupiters). This suggests that targeting the He I emission with well-designed observations using upcoming instruments such as VLT/CRIRES+ and E-ELT/HIRES is possible.
An integral equation formulation of the N-body dielectric spheres problem. Part II: complexity analysis
Authors: Bramas Bérenger , Hassan Muhammad , Stamm Benjamin
Published: August 2020

This article is the second in a series of two papers concerning the mathematical study of a boundary integral equation of the second kind that describes the interaction of N dielectric spherical particles undergoing mutual polarisation. The first article presented the numerical analysis of the Galerkin method used to solve this boundary integral equation and derived N-independent convergence rates for the induced surface charges and total electrostatic energy. The current article will focus on computational aspects of the algorithm. We provide a convergence analysis of the iterative method used to solve the underlying linear system and show that the number of liner solver iterations required to obtain a solution is independent of N. Additionally, we present two linear scaling solution strategies for the computation of the approximate induced surface charges. Finally, we consider a series of numerical experiments designed to validate our theoretical results and explore the dependence of the numerical errors and computational cost of solving the underlying linear system on different system parameters.
An optimal transport approach for solving dynamic inverse problems in spaces of measures
Authors: Bredies Kristian , Fanzon Silvio
Published: August 2020

In this paper we propose and study a novel optimal transport based regularization of linear dynamic inverse problems. The considered inverse problems aim at recovering a measure valued curve and are dynamic in the sense that (i) the measured data takes values in a time dependent family of Hilbert spaces, and (ii) the forward operators are time dependent and map, for each time, Radon measures into the corresponding data space. The variational regularization we propose is based on dynamic (un-)balanced optimal transport which means that the measure valued curves to recover (i) satisfy the continuity equation,i.e., the Radon measure at timetis advected by a velocity fieldvand varies with a growth rateg, and (ii) are penalized with the kinetic energy induced byvand a growth energy induced byg. We establish a functional-analytic framework for these regularized inverse problems, prove that minimizers exist and are unique in some cases, and study regularization properties. This framework is applied to dynamic image reconstruction in undersampled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), modelling relevant examples of time varying acquisition strategies, as well as patient motion and presence of contrast agents.
Effectiveness of a modified 6-Fr endoscopic nasobiliary drainage catheter for patients with preoperative perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Kawashima Hiroki , Hirooka Yoshiki , Ohno Eizaburo , Ishikawa Takuya , Miyahara Ryoji , Watanabe Osamu , Hayashi Kazuhiko , Ishigami Masatoshi , Hashimoto Senju , Ebata Tomoki , Nagino Masato , Goto Hidemi
Published: August 2020

Background and study aims To decrease complications associated with preoperative endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients, we developed a modified 6-Fr ENBD catheter with multiple side holes (m-ENBD). The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the m-ENBD catheter with a conventional 7-Fr ENBD catheter (c-ENBD).

Patients and methods This study involved 371 patients with suspected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent ENBD using a c-ENBD catheter or an m-ENBD catheter. The effectiveness of each catheter and the incidence of complications were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses followed by propensity score matching were performed.

Results In 145 patients with total bilirubin levels ≥ 2.0 mg/dL prior to drainage, these levels decreased to < 2.0 mg/dL after ENBD in 81.1 % of the c-ENBD patients and in 74.0 % of the m-ENBD patients (P = 0.325). Post-ENBD cholangitis occurred in 24.9 % of the c-ENBD patients and in 12.4 % of the m-ENBD patients (P = 0.006). After propensity score matching, the rate of post-ENBD cholangitis (P = 0.007) and the number of patients requiring subsequent or additional drainage (P = 0.030) were significantly lower in the m-ENBD group.

Conclusion The modified 6-Fr ENBD catheter was associated with a lower incidence of post-ENBD cholangitis than the conventional 7-Fr ENBD catheter, and the incidence of subsequent or additional drainage procedures was also decreased.
Efficacy and safety of a new low-volume PEG with citrate and simethicone bowel preparation for colonoscopy (Clensia): a multicenter randomized observer-blind clinical trial vs. a low-volume PEG with ascorbic acid (PEG-ASC)
Authors: Kump Patrizia , Hassan Cesare , Spada Cristiano , Brownstone Eva , Datz Christian , Haefner Michael , Renner Friedrich , Schoefl Rainer , Schreiber Florian
Published: August 2020

Background and study aims Quality of inspection during colonoscopy is strictly related to the level of cleansing. High-volume (PEG-based) solutions are highly effective and safe, but their high volume affects tolerability and compliance. The aim of this study was to compare a new low-volume PEG with citrate and simethicone solution (PMF 104,Clensia) with a low-volume PEG with ascorbic acid solution (PEG-ASC; Moviprep).

Patients and methods This was a multicenter, randomized, observer-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 clinical trial, where patients were randomized between PMF 104 and PEG-ASC. In both groups, patients were instructed to take a full-dose regimen the evening before if colonoscopy was scheduled before 11 am to 12 pm, or to take a split regimen if colonoscopy was scheduled after 11 am to 12 pm. The primary end-point was an equivalence between PMF104 and PEG-ASC in the rate of adequate level of cleansing (Ottawa scale ≤ 6), with safety, mucosal visibility, tolerability, acceptance and compliance being also assessed.

Results Of the 403 enrolled, 367 patients (Mean age [SD]: 55.6 (14.4) years; male:166 [45.2 %]) were included in the per protocol (PP) analysis: 184 being randomized in the PMF 104 group and 183 in the PEG-ASC group. Successful bowel cleansing was 78.3 % and 74.3 % in PMF104 and in PEG-ASC, respectively (P = 0.37). Both preparations were equally safe (mild adverse events were observed in 9.2 % and 9.3 % of patients in the PMF104 and in the PEG-ASC group, respectively) and acceptable (no or mild distress during the intake in 81.4 % and 80.8 % in the PMF104 in the PEG-ASC, respectively [P = 0.74]).

Conclusion The new low-volume product Clensia is equivalent to the reference low-volume PEG-ASC in terms of bowel cleansing, safety and acceptance.
Revived Attention for Adult Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Mende Klaus Christian , Pantel Tobias Fabian , Flitsch Jörg
Published: August 2020

Craniopharyngioma as a rare tumor originating from cells of rathke’s
pouch and representing 2–5% of all intracranial tumors is a rare
and generally benign neoplasm of the central nervous system with two incidence
peaks one in childhood and one after 40 years of age. Data on adult patients is
scarce compared to childhood onset tumors, however the burden of disease caused
by the tumors and related treatment options is significant. Clinical symptoms
range from headaches, visual disability, cranial nerve affection or hypothalamic
symptoms (e. g. morbid obesity) to endocrine disorders. Most symptoms
are related to tumor mass effect. The current standard of diagnostics is the
determination of serum hormone levels and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance
imaging often resulting in surgical treatment which holds a key role in all
treatment concepts and should follow a hypothalamus sparing path. Radiation
therapy may prove beneficial as adjuvant therapeutic option or in recurrent
tumor, especially papillary tumors may be targeted using BRAF-600 inhibitors,
targeted therapies for adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma have not yet reached a
stage of clinical testing. Although prognosis regarding overall survival is
favorable, life expectancy may be reduced due to the tumor itself as well as due
to treatment effects. An important aspect especially in the adult population is
the reduction in quality of life which is comparable to primary malignant brain
tumors and metastases, calling for individual patient specific treatment
approaches.