bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing-szemléletmód és az üzleti kapcsolatok (Marketing-outlook and business relations)
Authors: Mandják Tibor
Published: August 2021

A cikk az üzleti kapcsolatok marketingértelmezéséről szól. A marketing a piaci magatartás tudománya. A két vagy több partner között megvalósuló piaci tranzakció a marketing alapvető elemzési egysége. A piac dinamikáját a tranzakciók ismétlődései jelentik. Az ismétlődő tranzakciókból épülnek fel a piaci kapcsolatok.. A szervezetközi piac a gazdasági és nem gazdasági szereplők egymással kölcsönös függőségben lévő, a társadalmi környezetbe beágyazott kapcsolatrendszere, amelyben a tevékenységek és az erőforrások cseréje zajlik. A cikk kitér annak rövid bemutatására, hogy a különböző marketingterületek miként járulnak hozzá az üzleti kapcsolatok megismeréséhez. A szerző meghatározása szerint az üzleti kapcsolat az üzleti hálózatba ágyazott két szervezet közötti interaktív cserekapcsolatot jelent. A definíció kifejtése során bemutatásra kerülnek az üzleti kapcsolatok érintettjei, legfontosabb folyamatai, valamint a kapcsolat létének néhány következménye. __________ The article discusses the interpretation of business relations within the field of marketing. Marketing is the science of market behaviour. The basic segment of marketing analysis is the market transaction between two or more persons. The dynamics of the market is created by the repetition of transactions. Repeated transactions make market relations. Inter-organizational market is a network of interdependent relations among economic and non-economic actors embedded into the social environment, serving as a platform for the exchange of actions and resources. The article shortly describes how the different areas of marketing contribute to the knowledge of business relations. According to the author, business relations are interactive exchange relations between two organizations embedded in the business network. The detailed explanation of the definition introduces the parties involved in business relations, the most important processes, and some consequences of the existence of the relation.
Effect of empagliflozin on phosphorus and calcium metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with preserved kidney function
Authors: Lebedev D. A. , Timkina N. V. , Karonova T. L. , Andreeva A. T. , Kokina M. A. , Grigorieva A. L. , Babenko A. Yu. , Grineva E. N.
Published: August 2021

Background: Sodium glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors (iSGLT2) are antihyperglycemic drugs approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical trials with these drugs have shown evidence of an increased risk of fractures and an effect on phosphorus, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the most selective iSGLT2 empagliflozin on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism in patients with T2DM and preserved kidney function.

Materials and methods: Thirty-nine T2DM patients were received empagliflozin 10 mg in addition to their antihyperglycemic drugs for 12 weeks. Before starting treatment, a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with an assessment of the trabecular bone score (TBS) was performed. The concentration of phosphorus (P), total (tCa) and ionized calcium (Ca++), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), 25(OH)D and PTH were assessed.

Results: According to the DXA results, only 2 patients had osteoporosis, 10 (25.6%) patients had bone mineral density (BMD) values below 1.35 g /cm2 on the TCI scale. Treatment with empagliflozin for 12 weeks was lead to significant increase in FGF-23. Compared to the baseline level, there were no statistically significant differences in the concentrations of P, oCa, Ca++, PTH and 25(OH)D after 12 weeks of treatment. The level of FGF-23 did not correlate with the level of glomerular filtration rate either before or after treatment (r = 0.31, p = 0.27 and r = 0.39, p = 0.55, respectively). In addition, baseline BMD adjusted for TBS and baseline 25(OH)D did not correlate with Ca, F, FGF-23, and PTH concentrations (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Thus, empagliflozin has increased the level of FGF-23 without significant changes in the concentration of phosphorus, calcium, 25 (OH) D, and PTH after 12 weeks of treatment in patients with T2DM and preserved renal function. The obtained data confirmed the necessity to assess the TBS in patients with T2DM, because it’s provide additional information on the quality of bone tissue.
Ivan I. Dedov (on the occasion of his 80th birthday)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: August 2021

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Marasmius magnus (Marasmiaceae, Basidiomycota) en Argentina
Authors: Ramírez Natalia A. , de Madrignac Bárbara R. , Niveiro Nicolás
Published: August 2021

Within the framework of a study on the diversity of agaricoid fungi from the Argentinian Atlantic Forest, specimens were collected which correspond morphologically and phylogenetically with Marasmius magnus, a recently described species from Brazil. The aim of this work is to register, describe and illustrate M. magnus based on specimens collected in Misiones. This species is characterized by its large basidiomata that can exceed 100 mm in diameter, the coloration of the pileus, reddish brown towards the center, with orange tones towards the margin, ending in a whitish marginal line, its oblong to sub-cylindrical basidiospores, relatively short, and distant lamellae with fertile elements at the edge, without cheilocystidia.
Community cityscape: modes of engagement and co-construction of the streetscape
Authors: Buchstaller Isabelle
Published: August 2021

This contribution explores the bottom-up processes via which a community – or indeed special interest groups within a community – can influence the semiotic choices in the street-scape around them. I start by discussing the question to which extent the decision-making processes about street naming in different locales are transparent and open to public involvement. I also explore the instruments used by city councils and other administrative agencies to invite or indeed stifle public debate about street names, such as citizens surveys, op-eds in local newspapers and discussion fora as opposed to closed-off systems and exclusionary strategies. The paper moves on to consider grassroots movements opposing top-down decisions, including the mobilization of guerilla activity resulting in semi-spontaneous re-naming of street names and polls/lists of names and letters sent to the city council by concerned citizens. Finally, I consider politically motivated acts of vandalism resulting in semiotic erasure as well as resistance to official naming via inertia. The article closes with a brief discussion of the increasing commercialization of the linguistic streetscape, exploring the impact of market forces which claim authorship of the city text.
miR-519d downregulates LEP expression to inhibit preeclampsia development
Authors: Cai Hairui , Li Dongmei , Wu Jun , Shi Chunbo
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the current study was to characterize role of microRNA (miR)-519d in trophoblast cells and preeclampsia (PE) development and its potential underlying mechanism. Regulation of leptin (LEP) by miR-519d was verified using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Loss- and gain-of-function assays were conducted to detect the roles of miR-519d and LEP in proliferation, migratory ability, and invasive capacity of HTR-8/SVneo cells by means of CCK-8 assay, scratch test, and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. The cell apoptosis rate and cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. LEP expression was elevated, whereas miR-519d level was suppressed in the PE placenta samples compared with those from normal pregnancy. Depletion of LEP promoted proliferation, migratory ability, and invasive capacity and repressed apoptosis. miR-519d could bind 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of LEP, the extent of which correlated negatively with LEP expression. miR-519d suppressed the expression of LEP in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR-519d promoted survival and migratory ability of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Taken together, we find that miR-519d targeted LEP and downregulated its expression, which could likely inhibit the development of PE.
Low-threshold and narrow-linewidth perovskite microlasers pumped by a localized waveguide source
Authors: Liu Hui , Yu Haoran , Dai Lun , Li Zhi , Chen Jianjun
Published: August 2021

For the widely used vertically pumped (VP) method with a free-space beam, very little pump power is absorbed by the gain materials in microlasers because of the large spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and free-space pump beams together with small thicknesses of gain materials, resulting in a high pump power threshold. Here, an in-plane-waveguide-pump (IPWP) method with a localized waveguide source is proposed to reduce pump power threshold of perovskite microlasers. Owing to reduced spatial mismatch of areas between laser modes and localized waveguide sources as well as increased absorption distances, the pump power threshold of the IPWP method is decreased to approximately 6% that of the VP method. Moreover, under the same multiple of the pump power threshold, the laser linewidth in the IPWP method is narrowed to approximately 70% that in the VP method. By using the IPWP method, selective pumping two adjacent (separation 2 or 3 μm) parallel-located perovskite microlasers is experimentally demonstrated, and no crosstalk is observed. This IPWP method may have applications in low-energy and high-density microlasers and photonic integrated circuits.
Framed by the Law: Experimental Evidence for the Effects of the Salience of the Law on Preferences
Authors: Kricheli-Katz Tamar
Published: August 2021

This Article takes an experimental approach to test whether the salience of the law as a system that governs an interaction affects people’s preferences. I find that when the law is made salient in an interaction people’s preferences are altered: they express more future-oriented preferences and donate less money to charity, as compared to when the law is not salient in an otherwise identical interaction. When the law is salient in an interaction people also prefer ‘products’ over experiences, but this gap is only marginally significant. The findings suggest that the framing of an interaction as legal tends to evoke cultural scripts and implicit rules of behavior (“common knowledge”) that incorporate the shared assumptions in society about the law. In response, participants interpret the interaction as more rational and instrumental and express preferences accordingly.
What’s So Special About General Verdicts? Questioning the Preferred Verdict Format in American Criminal Jury Trials
Authors: Sood Avani Mehta
Published: August 2021

Criminal juries in the United States typically deliver their decisions through a “general verdict,” expressing only their ultimate conclusion of “guilty” or “not guilty,” rather than through a “special verdict” that identifies whether each element of the charged crime has been proven beyond a reasonable doubt. American courts have broadly favored the use of general verdicts in criminal cases due to concerns that the special verdict will curtail the jury’s decision-making autonomy, including its power to nullify the law in favor of the defense, potentially undermining the criminal defendant’s constitutional right to trial by jury.

This Article confronts the legal status quo on verdict format and its underlying, untested assumptions. Drawing upon prior psychology findings and legal professionals’ anecdotal observations, it questions whether the general verdict poses its own under-acknowledged threats to the rights of criminal defendants and the decision-making agency of jurors. While the more guided special verdict format is presumed to threaten nullifying acquittals, the unguided general verdict format might be enabling convictions that violate constitutional norms of due process, impartial adjudication, and equal protection.

Given the high-stakes values potentially implicated in the choice of verdict format in criminal cases, it is time to put the conventional wisdom in favor of general verdicts to an empirical test. This Article therefore proposes a methodological framework for investigating whether the legal status quo accurately reflects (1) current stakeholders’ preferences and predictions, and (2) experimentally testable legal and cognitive effects of general versus special verdicts in lay determinations of criminal liability. A data-informed understanding is needed to assess whether the general verdict is optimizing the integrity, fairness, and constitutionality of criminal jury decision making.
Influencing the Preferences of Children through Legal Impacts on Parenting Style
Authors: Sugarman Stephen D.
Published: August 2021

The overriding theme of the conference honoring Bob Cooter and his work is the question whether law and policy can change people’s preferences. The conventional “law and economics” answer is “no.” People have preferences that are fixed. What changes in law and policy do is to change how people behave by altering the costs and benefits people face in pursuit of their preferences. Put simply, the assumption of the “law and economics” model is that people respond to financial incentives by changing how they act, not what they want. So, to take a simple example, imagine two people at the same starting point, both wanting to drive separately to visit a mutual friend. Their preference to get there promptly and safely is common to both of them, but how they act in pursuit of that goal may well differ. Moreover, government can alter how they drive to their friend’s by making changes such as putting in a freeway, or adding a new lane to the road, or installing lots of new traffic signals or stop signs along one route. The two people may have driven different routes previously, and they may alter their driving strategy in response to the policy changes government has adopted and may still decide that different routes are better for them. But they do not change their desire to see their friend in a prompt and safe manner. In this Article I offer a counterexample — an instance in which changes in law and policy can not only alter the behavior of some with fixed preferences, but also can impact the preferences of others. My example is about changes in society that can alter parenting style (of those parents with a fixed preference to have their children succeed) and can also change the underlying preferences that those children have as to how their lives should play out.
Diatomeas epizooicas en hembras de tortuga golfina (Lepidochelys olivacea) en estadio de desove en Playa Ventura, Guerrero, México
Authors: Díaz Vargas Migdalia , Carrasco Leandro Pedro Fabián , Jiménez Piedragil César Daniel , García Rogríguez Judith , García Flores Alejandro , Arce Uribe Elsah , Muñiz Corona Yirdael
Published: August 2021

Las tortugas marinas pueden ser un nicho para organismos de menor tamaño denominados epibiontes o huéspedes que no causan ningún daño a sus hospederos. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las diatomeas que habitan sobre el caparazón de hembras de la tortuga Lepidochelys olivacea durante la temporada de desove 2015-2016 en Playa Ventura, Guerrero, México. Se muestrearon un total de 46 tortugas golfinas, registrándose 20 especies y 17 géneros de diatomeas. Los géneros con mayor número de especies fueron Gomphonema (tres especies) y Cocconeis (dos especies). Los resultados indican que la adquisición y proliferación de las diatomeas no están relacionadas directamente al comportamiento de las tortugas en general; sin embargo, la comunidad de tortugas que arriba a estas playas podría presentar hábitos similares que propicien el establecimiento de estas diatomeas.
Simulation and Fabrication of Open-Type Boiler of Fish Cracker Production Line
Authors: Sidek Mohd Zaidi , Kamarudin Mohd Syahidan , Jamaluddin Mohamad Nafis
Published: August 2021

Boiling process is performed at the final stage in fish cracker processing and it is a longest process. It creates a bottleneck and limits the daily production of fish cracker. Traditionally, fire woods are used to heat the boiler. The invention of diesel-fired boiler has improved the process but there are still some issues at the station. Therefore, a new boiler is designed to improve the boiling process by using LPG burner which has 2.9% higher calorific value than diesel. The boiler designed was simulated to study the heat convection inside the boiler by using SolidWorks Flow Simulation to analyze the temperature distribution inside the new boiler. Multiple layers bottom plate of the boiler consist of an aluminium plate sandwiched between two stainless steel plates is used to increase the rate of heat transfer from the flame into the water inside the boiler. The result from the simulation proves that the multiple layers bottom plate of the boiler has a higher rate of heat transfer than the single layer plate where the time taken for water to boil is 42.2% shorter than the single stainless steel layer bottom plate boiler.
A Preliminary Study of Postural Problems among Oil Palm Workers: Is OWAS method suitable to investigate those problems?
Authors: Sukadarin Ezrin Hani , Md Deros Baba , Mohd Nawi Nur Syazwani , A. Ghani Jaharah , Ismail Ahmad Rasdan , Zakaria Junaidah
Published: August 2021

An ergonomics risk assessment is crucial in every organization; various exposure measurement techniques were developed. Among them, observational technique is the most commonly used. In agricultural sector such as in oil palm plantation, ergonomics problems are prominent. Oil palm fruit harvesters and collectors perform various types of manual work activities and work postures, which can exposed them to many different types of muscular skeletal disorders (MSDs). To have the accurate measurement results so that correct control measure could be observational techniques have to be chosen correctly. In this study, postural analysis was conducted to identify and understand the physical loads faced by manual oil palm fruit harvesters. Their activities and postures while performing harvesting and collecting fresh fruit bunches (FFB) activities were video recorded. Later, their body postures were assessed using Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) method. It was found oil palm fruit harvesters were exposed to many awkward postures while performing harvesting and manual handling of FFB activities. The authors found it very difficult to quantify the actual load faced by the oil palm fruit harvesters, while they are performing each hazardous posture due to the unavailability of certain parameters such as: posture duration and repetitive work in OWAS. In addition, OWAS was not capable of quantify separately the workload of upper extremities. In essence, it can be concluded that OWAS method due to its limitations was not suitable for conducting postural analysis during harvesting and collecting of FFB.
Final Year Student’s Perception before Engaging Engineering Technology Program in UTeM
Authors: Harun Mohamad Haniff , Azlan Umar Al-Amani , Miswan Nor Hamizah , Hamzah Khairum , Jamil Ahmad Zubir , Abdullah Rohana , Yusoff Mohd Rahimi
Published: August 2021

In line with industrial development which is growing rapidly in Malaysia, the country is in great needs of competent technical workforce able to apply the latest concept of technology, improve equipment and system utilization, optimizing operation and maintenance of equipment. Therefore, an engineering technology program will be introduced in Malaysia education system at higher level. In determining the perception of Engineering Technology program in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), a market survey has been conducted to gather the perception of the final year students about Engineering Technology. Total numbers of 123 students from Cohort 1 with two different departments, electrical and manufacturing were used as a sample space. The scope of the market survey covered regarding their perspective and understanding of Engineering Technology before enrolling engineering technology program from their perspective courses. The findings show that there is a difference perception in overall especially regarding their understanding of terms Engineering Technology Programs.
Novel Synthesis and Promising Applications of Graphene Nanostructures
Authors: Ijeomah Geoffrey , Samsuri Fahmi , Md Zawawi Mohamad Adzhar
Published: August 2021

The transition from semi-metallic to semiconducting states in graphene has ushered in nanostructured materials with novel and enhanced electrical, mechanical, physiochemical and optical properties. The scope of graphene and its potential for novel applications could be substantially impacted by this transition. This article reviews the properties, recent synthesis methodologies and emerging applications of this wonder nanomaterial. The differentiations among the merits and challenges of current techniques are made, aiming to offer evidences to develop scalable and novel synthesis methodologies. The emphasis is on the synthesis, and the possible emerging promising applications arising from these conversion methods, and their overwhelming implications on our current knowledge of graphene and graphene nanostructures.
Analysis of The Effects of Information System On Service Delivery At DVLA
Authors: Henry Matey Akwetey , Ametepe Wolali , Asampana Isaac , College Lucas
Published: August 2021

An Information System (IS) offers various benefits in managing transactions between an organization and its customers. Lack of Information system purely oriented to customer satisfaction leads to long waiting lines by customers in service delivery. It will influence negatively on-expected revenue and profit to various establishments in the long term. With recent trends in specific IS applications, expectations are that if waiting lines are not eliminated, perhaps may be reduce drastically in service delivery. Several steps were taken in putting measures in place by expanding facilities, providing timely and periodic maintenance, yet waiting lines are observed in places like; Bank Automated Teller Machine(ATM) (as an extended banking services), Electricity Company pay points, Clinics and Hospitals etc. These reviews seek to focus on Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority (DVLA) in Ghana since long waiting line is much associated with their service delivery. Using Convenience sampling technique, questionnaires were administered in eliciting data from staff and clients of DVLA. Final data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS); with the support of Microsoft Excel 2010 in depicting the results in frequency tables, percentages, charts etc. The trends in the results show evidently that even though Information Systems was used in the services delivery process; there are prevailing waiting lines, which were observed. It was also established that services delivery processes are not electronic at DVLA, resulting in the formation of the longer waiting lines.
Addressing the Practice of Safety Management in Halal Industry – An Overview and A Step Towards Sustainable Cooperation
Authors: Ramli Azizan , Abdul Jalil Mohd Ezuan
Published: August 2021

Global demands of halal products are expected to increase in near future. Hence, Malaysia has taken proactive actions to realize its aspiration in becoming a champion of global halal hub. However, this development has also brought along impact on safety level for halal industry’s workers and neighborhood. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of safety management in halal industry and obtains halal player’s opinion towards cooperative safety management. The research method involved analysis on current state of safety management practice in halal industry and survey. These methods are not mutually exclusive approaches but they are complimentary. The results shown that both dominance (government-to-halal industry) and individual approaches (exclusively move as an individual) aim to establish mutual cooperation between authority and halal industry in fostering a safety culture. In addition, the findings also shown that the initial development of cooperative safety management is noteworthy but yet, this approach requires further in-depth study.
Climate Change Impact on Rained Rice Production and Irrigation Water Requirement in Songkhram River Basin, Thailand
Authors: Boonwicahi S. , Shrestha S.
Published: August 2021

Songkhram river basin, located in northeast Thailand, is where most of the farmers grow rice in rainy season. The water shortage frequently occurs during dry season as the basin has no dam along the river to store water for agriculture purposes. The river connected with Mekong River. Floods occur in many areas because high rainfall density in the basin and backwater effect from Mekong River. The climate change, temperature rise and uncertainty of rainfall, is significant influence to water availability for agriculture sector as well as agriculture production especially rice production. The study assesses the impact of climate change on irrigation water requirement (IWR) and rice production for KDML 105 rice variety in wet season (July – November) using DSSAT crop simulation model. The predicted of IWR and rice production were used an ensemble of five Regional Circulation Models (RCMs) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios for three future periods. The results show an increasing trend in both maximum and minimum temperature. The maximum and minimum temperatures are expected to rise up to 1.9 °C relative to baseline period (1980-2004) under RCP8.5 scenario in 2080s (2070–2094). Rainfall may decrease in the first future period, 2030s (2020 – 2044), and will rise in the 2055s (2045–2069) and 2080s (2070-2094) periods. Rainfall is projected to increase by 13% and 9% relative to baseline period for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios respectively in the last future periods (2080s). Therefore, the water shortage might occur in the first period. The middle and last periods might have flood due to higher of rainfall. The trend of IWR is expected to increase, which may rise by 18% and 5% in 2080s under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenario espectively. Due to the increment of temperature and IWR, rainfed rice yield is found to decrease in the future. The rainfed rice yield may reduce by 14% and 10% for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenario respectively in 2080s. However, the IWR is higher due to temperature rise in the future. The increasing of reservoir capacity and improve the water management practices might reduce the crop water deficit and increase crop production.
Rehabilitation of Sunkoshi Small Hydropower Plant (2.6 MK), Nepal after Sequences of Natural Disaster
Authors: Ojha Sakunda
Published: August 2021

Sunkoshi Small Hydropower Plant (SSHP) is a run-of-river type project constructed in Sunkoshi River located in Sindhupalchowk District of Bagmati zone of Central Development Region, Nepal. The plant started its commercial operation since March 2005. During the year 2014, 2015 and 2016 the plant faced series of natural disaster events; landslide at Jure village on 2 August 2014, earthquake (7.8 magnitude) on 25 April 2015, landslide dammed flood in Sunkoshi River on 11 August 2015 and Glacier Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) in Sunkoshi River on 5 July 2016. The Jure landslide created 55 m dam across Sunkoshi River. Thus created landslide dammed lake inundated the powerhouse of SSHP for 36 days. About seven million cubic meters of water was reserved in the lake. The event damaged entire powerhouse building, Electromechanical Equipment (EM), tailrace culvert, portion of steel penstock pipe and staff quarter. The rehabilitation works after Jure landslides included strengthening of powerhouse building and tailrace culvert, winding of generators, replacement of electromechanical equipment and portion of penstock pipe and change of transmission line alignment. On 25 April 2015, most of the rehabilitation works were completed. The EM experts were conducting a wet test for power generation when the power-plant was hit by other natural disaster - earthquake of 7.8 Rector Scale. The earthquake and its aftershocks followed by landslide dammed outburst flood of 11 August 2015 damaged headworks structures - formed a cavern of 56.6 m3 below gravel trap, collapsed entire powerhouse building and damaged newly installed electromechanical equipment, created several landslides along water way alignment and damaged about 900 m of penstock alignment. Some innovations in designs were introduced such as construction of sliding type saddle supports, bio-engineering combined with civil engineering structures to stabilize landslides, retrofitting of powerhouse building, use of crackamite and rock drill and avoidance of heavy masonry wall and gable wall in powerhouse. After rehabilitation works, the power plant re-operated since 4 January 2016 - after about 18 months. However, the plant was again affected by a Glacier Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) in Botekoshi River on 5 July 2016.
Roadside Safety Recovery Zone Corridor Widths Derived from Live Field Experiments and Comparison to Past Accidents Records
Authors: Kunji A.K.
Published: August 2021

The increasing number of run-off-road accidents has driven institutions to study and introduce roadside geometric design guidelines to reduce the number of fatalities and severe injuries. Providing the right configuration and dimensions of a roadside slope cross section would allow travel lane motorists who have strayed off the travel lane with a safe way of traversing back into driving lanes and can reduce run-off-road fatal accidents or severe injuries. American Association of Highway and Transportation Official (AASHTO) introduced roadside safety clear zone derived from a set of past accident records. Unfortunately, most of other countries do not keep the same past accident records. Alternatively, safety clear zone can be derived from live field experiments. The 180 live field experiments were safely performed by five drivers with three motorcars at ten locations having various roadside slope gradients and ground surface conditions. The motorcar tires’ printed marks on the turfed roadside were measured, recorded, and analyzed to establish a safety clear zone corridor size. Comparatively, the American figures are higher as they have accounted for additional widths of non-recovery zone and turn out area, the justifiable difference confirms that deriving roadside safety recovery zone corridor widths by the method of live field experiments is a sound engineering practice. The study concludes that the live field experiment method can be applied in place of past accident records in establishing the size of roadside safety clear zones.
The Efficient Use of a List of Trusted Certificate Authorities
Authors: Alnatsheh Essam
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, many Certificate Authorities (CAs) that issue certificates may or may not be trusted because not all CAs are reliable and trustworthy. University laboratories and computers of its people (students, lecturer and staff) are thus susceptible to the risk resulting from this mistrust. This study proposes a university owned notary server, which will be managed by the university, to solve the problem using a Certificate Trust List (CTL). Simply put, when students and others use the Web, the notary server checks the certificate to see whether a conflict exists and verifies the signatures and key references in the certificate. If all the information is correct, the notary server sends a response of approval to the client to accept the certificate. Our system enhanced the security in a university by trusting only genuine CAs. Our proposed server is better than regular notary servers because it uses existing infrastructure and online connections, and it does not introduce any overheads or special configurations to the client’s Web browser. Compared with a well known notary server runs over the existing infrastructure, our proposed notary server is 10.8 seconds faster in terms of dealing with untrusted CA and 2.3 seconds faster in terms of dealing with mismatched address of the Web sites.
Radial Distribution Function Analysis of the Polyamide Thin Film Composite formation using Trimesoyl Chloride and Piperazine
Authors: Wan Jusoh Wan Zulaisa Amira , Rahman S.A. , Ahmad A.L. , Mokhtar N.M.
Published: August 2021

Polyamide thin film composite (TFC) membranes are well known for their performance and strength which normally applied in pervaporation dehydration and reverse osmosis field. TFC is produced by the rapid reaction between aqueous and organic monomer. However, the interaction between monomers is not well discussed at the atomic level and there is no precise tool to measure the effectiveness of the selection of organic with the aqueous monomer to form a stable TFC layer. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the interaction between aqueous monomer and organic monomer using the Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation to form the TFC membrane. This work was done by using Piperazine (PIP) as the aqueous monomer with the combination of Trimesoyl Chloride (TMC) as the organic monomer in the binary systems. The simulation involved the setting of Ewald Summation Method, COMPASS force field, equilibrium phase by microcanonical, NVE (constant volumes and total energy) and run-production stage by NPT (constant pressure and temperature). Analysis by the Radial distribution function (RDF) explicates the intermolecular interfacial of 5.75 Å between the bonding of N (Amine) - C (TMC) atoms at the distance of 1.0 Å. This study suggested that the TFC formed by the interaction between TMC - PIP is very much stable based on the higher interaction in a very short distance.
Determinants of elevated chemerin as a novel biomarker of immunometabolism: data from a large population-based cohort
Authors: Koelman Liselot , Reichmann Robin , Börnhorst Claudia , Schulze Matthias B , Weikert Cornelia , Biemann Ronald , Isermann Berend , Fritsche Andreas , Aleksandrova Krasimira
Published: August 2021

Objective

Chemerin is a novel inflammatory biomarker suggested to play a role in the development of metabolic disorders, providing new avenues for treatment and prevention. Little is known about the factors that predispose elevated chemerin concentrations. We therefore aimed to explore a range of lifestyle-associated, dietary, and metabolic factors as potential determinants of elevated chemerin concentrations in asymptomatic adults.

Design

We used cross-sectional data from a random subsample of 2433 participants (1494 women and 939 men) aged 42–58 years of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam cohort.

Methods

Random forest regression (RFR) was applied to explore the relative importance of 32 variables as statistical predictors of elevated chemerin concentrations overall and by sex. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression was applied to evaluate associations between selected predictors and chemerin concentrations.

Results

Results from RFR suggested BMI, waist circumference, C-reactive protein, fatty liver index, and estimated glomerular filtration rate as the strongest predictors of chemerin concentrations. Additional predictors included sleeping duration, alcohol, red and processed meat, fruits, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), vegetables, dairy, and refined grains. Collectively, these factors explained 32.9% variation of circulating chemerin. Multivariable-adjusted analyses revealed linear associations of elevated chemerin with metabolic parameters, obesity, longer sleep, higher intakes of red meat and SSB, and lower intakes of dairy.

Conclusions

These findings come in support of the role of chemerin as a biomarker characterizing inflammatory and metabolic phenotypes in asymptomatic adults. Modifiable dietary and lifestyle-associated determinants of elevated chemerin concentrations require further evaluation in a prospective study setting.
Aplicación metodológica: the integrated use of management system standards para la integración de sistemas de gestión
Authors: Moreno Parra Paula Alejandra , Restrepo Benavidez Byron , Sánchez Martín Paola Alejandra
Published: August 2021

Diversas metodologías se han desarrollado desde los años noventa para la integración de múltiples sistemas de gestión en todo tipo de organización. Sin embargo, en la actualidad es poco conocido que la International Standard Organization (ISO) ha desarrollado una metodología de integración propia que permite alinear diferentes perspectivas normativas en una sola gestión. El manual The Integrated Use of Management System Standard (IUMSS) establece un método de cuatro etapas principales (preparación, conexión, incorporación y mantenimiento) en las cuales la estructura de alto nivel sirve como guía para integrar requisitos comunes, homólogos y abordar los específicos. El objetivo de la investigaciónNTC ISO 14001: 2015 sistema de gestión ambiental, NTC ISO 45001:2018 sistema de seguridad y salud en el trabajo y NTC ISO 13485:2016 sistemas de gestión de calidad para dispositivos médicos; haciendo uso del manual a través de una descripción cualitativa y analítica. Finalmente, se realizó la validación de la metodología de integración de las normas a través del método del ábaco de Régnier, concluyendo que el manual es una herramienta robusta orientada a la disminución del exceso de redundancias y al cierre de brechas entre los requisitos de las normas ISO integradas y los procesos de una organización.
MULTICHANNEL CONVERTION OF RANDOM DATA WITH THE PAIR-ELEMENTS OF ORDERED SAMPLES
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Mazmanian R.O.
Published: August 2021

The concept of multichannel parallel converting of probability density function (pdf) of random data was previously used for single-element pdf-converters. In development of this concept, here we investigate converting properties of spdf-converters channels formed by the sum of the ​​pairs of ordered sample elements (order statistics). The characteristics of the conversion results as dependencies on the size of the samples and the displacement of the channels relative to the median of the samples were obtained for data with a uniform distribution density. Also where excluded the areas of mutual dependence of the density functions of the summed elements, which further where normalized together with approximating them functions. Despite the apparent structural differences, the goal of this study still was to determine the closeness of the converted data with some standard functions of the probability distribution density, in particular, with the normal distribution law. As before, the estimates of the closeness of the spdf-converter channels were obtained using the chi-square criteria. The results of the research were used to determine the size and location of the statistical closeness windows, and to construct spdf-converters statistical model. References 20, figures 14.
Neonatal MIS-C: Managing the Cytokine Storm
Authors: Saha Sumita , Pal Priyankar , Mukherjee Devdeep
Published: August 2021

A term infant girl with uneventful antenatal history had an erythematous rash followed by fever from day 8. She was diagnosed with late-onset sepsis and was treated accordingly. She received immunoglobulin for persistent thrombocytopenia, after which there was transient improvement. The patient was transferred to our hospital on day 25 after recurrence of fever, watery diarrhea, and a generalized maculopapular rash. On admission, she had tachycardia, tachypnoea, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema. Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction results for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was positive. Within 12 hours of admission, she developed cardiogenic shock with pulmonary edema and needed invasive ventilation. Echocardiography revealed ejection fraction of 40% with mild pericardial effusion. N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide was 33000 g/L, D-dimer 16500 µg/L, and ferritin 16000 ng/mL. Methylprednisolone, immunoglobulin, and enoxaparin was started, with a diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, associated with COVID-19. She developed seizures, pulmonary hemorrhage, and cardiac arrest the following day, along with acute kidney injury. She was extubated after 5 days. Steroid was stopped after 5 days because she developed hypertension and echocardiography had normalized. Five days after extubation, she again developed respiratory distress and was ventilated again for 2 days. Echocardiography revealed moderate left ventricular dysfunction, along with secondary elevation of ferritin. Methylprednisolone was restarted and continued for 5 days followed by tapering dose of oral prednisolone, on which she was finally discharged. Although mild myocarditis with COVID-19 has been reported, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in a newborn with refractory myocarditis, along with gastrointestinal and renal manifestations, is a rare entity. Dermatologic manifestation of neonatal COVID-19 is also unique.
Homonegatividad Internalizada en una Muestra Colombiana: Asociación con el Grado de Identificación con la Homosexualidad y las Variables Sociodemográficas
Authors: Pineda Roa Carlos Alejandro , Navarro-Segura María Camila , Moreno Alexander
Published: August 2021

Introducción: diferentes autores señalan la necesidad de realizar más estudios sobre las variables asociadas con la homonegatividad internalizada (hi) en Latinoamérica. Objetivo: explorar la asociación entre la hi, la autoidentificación con la homosexualidad y las variables sociodemográficas (género, edad, nivel educativo y desigualdad económica). Método: un muestreo no probabilístico tipo “Bola de nieve” fue realizado en un grupo de 489 personas con un promedio de 23.4 años de edad (de=6.6) en cinco ciudades colombianas (Bogotá, Barranquilla, Pereira, Villavicencio y Tunja). El grado de autoidentificación con la homosexualidad fue estimado con la escala de Kinsey. También se utilizó un cuestionario de hi. Resultados: un análisis de regresión lineal jerárquica mostró que la hi está asociada significativamente con el género, el grado de identificación con la orientación sexual y la edad, pero no con el nivel educativo o la desigualdad económica. A pesar de que todas las variables estudiadas aportaron algún grado de varianza al modelo, la autoidentificación con la homosexualidad y el género aportaron el mayor porcentaje de varianza para explicar la asociación con hi. Discusión: este estudio permite una primera aproximación empírica al estudio de la hi en Colombia y resalta la importancia de implementar políticas públicas y el uso de terapias afirmativas para disminuirla, particularmente en hombres jóvenes en proceso de autoidentificación con lahomosexualidad.
Evaluation of a gluten-free sourdough bakery product
Authors: Kovács Anikó , Kolinka Raul , Kóczán Györgyné , Kókai Zoltán
Published: August 2021

The population of gluten sensitive people has been gradually rising in the last decades. The food industry, especially the bakery industry has to develop more gluten-free products to satisfy the consumer's demand. However, the quality of these products differs from the quality attributes of a standard glutenious bakery product. Therefore, the aim of our research was to develop a good quality gluten-free sourdough product with 3 different gluten-free flours: millet, brown rice and a commercially available mixture (Belbake). We investigated the differences in moisture content, the baking loss, the texture and the sensory properties of the products. According to our results in the case of the moisture content the brown rice sample had the highest, while the millet gave the lowest value. The baking loss measurement gave reverse results. In the texture analysis the brown rice sample was the softest, but the millet and the Belbake had better results in resilience and in springiness. Also, in the sensory analyses the Belbake product was found to be the best by the judges, however, there were no significant differences between them. In conclusion, the product development of a gluten-free sourdough bakery product was successful. Further research is needed to investigate the shelf life of the products.
Comparison of two systems for the video head impulse test (vHIT) for the lateral semicircular canal: description of results from normal and pathological subjects
Authors: Felipe Lilian
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Background: The video head impulse test (vHIT) is a recent technique for functional evaluation of semicircular canals (SSCs). The vHIT examines eye movements at high frequencies of stimulation and provides an objective assessment of the functioning of the high-frequency domain of the vestibular system. Objective: To describe the results from vHIT performed using two systems. Methods: All subjects were evaluated through an audiological and otoneurological battery of tests and were diagnosed as normal or abnormal by an otorhinolaryngologist. The results from two systems: 1. ICS Impulse (Otometrics/Natus, Denmark) and 2. EyeSeeCam (InterAcoustics, Denmark) were recorded. The same operator delivered every impulse to every subject. The head impulses were performed while the operator was standing behind the subject, using both hands on the top of the subject’s head, well away from the goggles strap and forehead skin. Two calibrations were completed in each system, prior to beginning the test. Results: Test parameters were recorded through both systems for healthy subjects with no history or complaint of any vestibular disorder (N = 12; M/F = 5/7; age 35.1 ± 13.5 y) and for pathological subjects with a diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral vestibular disorder (N = 15; M/F = 7/8; age 53.4 ± 16.7 y). Conclusions: The vHIT is an important tool for otoneurological complementary evaluation. Both systems are reliable for vestibular disorders. The EyeSeeCam seems to reject fewer data and provides more information to include in diagnostics. Because of the small sample, there is a need for further in-depth comparison of both systems.
Práticas de Psicólogos na Estratégia Saúde da Família: Poder Simbólico e Autonomia Profissional
Authors: Nepomuceno Léo Barbosa , Bosi Maria Lúcia Magalhães , Dimenstein Magda , Pontes Ricardo José Soares
Published: August 2021

Resumo Este estudo, orientado pelo enfoque qualitativo de pesquisa social em saúde, discute a inserção de psicólogos nos serviços de atenção primária do Sistema Único de Saúde, por meio da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). O objetivo do trabalho é analisar especificidades da atuação dos psicólogos nos referidos serviços, focalizando nas práticas desenvolvidas visando ao reconhecimento e à autonomia profissional. A técnica empregada para a construção do material empírico foi a entrevista semiestruturada, junto a 18 psicólogos com ampla experiência na atenção e formação para a ESF. O referencial teórico adotado se orienta pelos conceitos de poder simbólico e habitus, centrais na sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu. Também são retomados elementos teóricos procedentes da sociologia das profissões. Como resultados, evidenciam-se tensões concernentes às lutas por autonomia profissional. Um habitus profissional se apresenta como ilustrativo das práticas ditas específicas e distintivas do psicólogo: o saber lidar com conflitos interpessoais; ser agente problematizador e mediador nas relações interprofissionais; e a capacidade de reconhecer processos históricos constituintes das subjetividades e tramas relacionais. Alguns desafios à autonomia profissional são identificados: a expectativa social e o prestígio associados aos modelos clássicos de atuação clínica; o acolhimento de uma sobrecarga de trabalho em territórios de grande extensão; e a necessidade de elaborar posicionamentos que façam contraponto e complemento ao modelo biomédico.