bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic properties evolution and crystallization behaviour of vacuum- and air-long-term-annealed rapidly quenched Fe80.3Co5Cu0.7B14 alloy
Authors: Hawelek L. , Warski T. , Zackiewicz P. , Hudecki J. , Kolano-Burian A.
Published: December 2022

This work aims to investigate the isothermal crystallization behaviour, crystal structure and magnetic properties evolution of long-term (up to 300 h) low temperature (210 and 260 °C) vacuum- and air-annealed Fe80.3Co5Cu0.7B14 alloy. Before the α-Fe(Co) phase crystallization, the primary relaxation process has been identified at a temperature range up to 340 °C. The relaxation process performed under 210 °C for 300 h did not initiate the crystallization process. However, the topological and compositional short-range rearrangements improved magnetic properties remarkably. Annealing 150 h at 260 °C helps to deliver enough energy to stabilize the glassy state and initiate the crystallization process fully. Structural and magnetic properties evolution of 150 h annealing at 260 °C corresponds to the evolution presented during isochronal 20 min annealing at 310 °C. Magnetic properties Bs = 1.75–1.79 T, Hc < 20 A/m and P10/50 are similar to those for 20 min of annealing at 310 °C. Comparison of core power losses from up to 400 kHz frequency dependences of long-term low temperature annealed alloy with 20 min classical annealing at 310 °C shown that presented here long-term annealing is energetically insufficient to bring the glassy state system into the same low level of core power losses efficiency.
Larvicidal and repellent potential of Ageratum houstonianum against Culex pipiens
Authors: Hadidy Doaa El , El Sayed Abeer M. , Tantawy Mona El , Alfy Taha El , Farag Shaimaa M. , Haleem Doaa R. Abdel
Published: December 2022

Mosquitoes are unquestionably the most medic arthropod vectors of disease. Culex pipiens, usually defined as a common house mosquito, is a well-known carrier of several virus diseases. Crude ethanol extracts of different organs of Agratum houstonianum are tested with Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae) to determine their larvicidal, antifeedant, and repellency effects. Alongside biochemical analysis, the activity of the AChE, ATPase, CarE, and CYP-450 is detected in the total hemolymph of the C. pipiens larvae to examine the enzymatic action on the way to explain their neurotoxic effect and mode of action. Through HPLC and GC–MS analysis of the phytochemical profile of A. houstonianum aerial parts is identified. The larvicidal activity of aerial parts; flower (AF), leaf (AL), and stem (AS) of A. houstonianum extracts are evaluated against the 3rd instar larvae of C. pipiens at 24-, 48- and 72-post-treatment. A. houstonianium AF, AL, and AS extracts influenced the mortality of larvae with LC50 values 259.79, 266.85, and 306.86 ppm, respectively after 24 h of application. The potency of AF and AL extracts was 1.69- and 1.25-folds than that of AS extract, respectively. A high repellency percentage was obtained by AF extract 89.10% at a dose of 3.60 mg/cm2. A. houstonianium AF prevailed inhibition on acetylcholinesterase and decrease in carboxylesterase activity. Moreover, a significant increase in the ATPase levels and a decrease in cytochrome P-450 monooxegenase activity (− 36.60%) are detected. HPLC analysis prevailed chlorogenic and rosmarinic acid as the major phenolic acids in AL and AF, respectively. GC–MS analysis of A. houstonianum results in the identification of phytol as the major makeup. Precocene I and II were detected in AF. Linoleic, linolenic, and oleic acid were detected in comparable amounts in the studied organs. Overall, results suggest that the A. houstonianum flower extract (AF) exhibits significant repellent, antifeedant, and larvicidal activities.
STAT3 suppression and β-cell ablation enhance α-to-β reprogramming mediated by Pdx1
Authors: Wakabayashi Yuka , Miyatsuka Takeshi , Miura Masaki , Himuro Miwa , Taguchi Tomomi , Iida Hitoshi , Nishida Yuya , Fujitani Yoshio , Watada Hirotaka
Published: December 2022

As diabetes results from the absolute or relative deficiency of insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, possible methods to efficiently generate surrogate β cells have attracted a lot of efforts. To date, insulin-producing cells have been generated from various differentiated cell types in the pancreas, such as acinar cells and α cells, by inducing defined transcription factors, such as PDX1 and MAFA, yet it is still challenging as to how surrogate β cells can be efficiently generated for establishing future regenerative therapies for diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated that the exogenous expression of PDX1 activated STAT3 in α cells in vitro, and STAT3-null PDX1-expressing α cells in vivo resulted in efficient induction of α-to-β reprogramming, accompanied by the emergence of α-cell-derived insulin-producing cells with silenced glucagon expression. Whereas β-cell ablation by alloxan administration significantly increased the number of α-cell-derived insulin-producing cells by PDX1, STAT3 suppression resulted in no further increase in β-cell neogenesis after β-cell ablation. Thus, STAT3 modulation and β-cell ablation nonadditively enhance α-to-β reprogramming induced by PDX1, which may lead to the establishment of cell therapies for curing diabetes.
Data quality evaluation in wearable monitoring
Authors: Böttcher Sebastian , Vieluf Solveig , Bruno Elisa , Joseph Boney , Epitashvili Nino , Biondi Andrea , Zabler Nicolas , Glasstetter Martin , Dümpelmann Matthias , Van Laerhoven Kristof , Nasseri Mona , Brinkman Benjamin H. , Richardson Mark P. , Schulze-Bonhage Andreas , Loddenkemper Tobias
Published: December 2022

Wearable recordings of neurophysiological signals captured from the wrist offer enormous potential for seizure monitoring. Yet, data quality remains one of the most challenging factors that impact data reliability. We suggest a combined data quality assessment tool for the evaluation of multimodal wearable data. We analyzed data from patients with epilepsy from four epilepsy centers. Patients wore wristbands recording accelerometry, electrodermal activity, blood volume pulse, and skin temperature. We calculated data completeness and assessed the time the device was worn (on-body), and modality-specific signal quality scores. We included 37,166 h from 632 patients in the inpatient and 90,776 h from 39 patients in the outpatient setting. All modalities were affected by artifacts. Data loss was higher when using data streaming (up to 49% among inpatient cohorts, averaged across respective recordings) as compared to onboard device recording and storage (up to 9%). On-body scores, estimating the percentage of time a device was worn on the body, were consistently high across cohorts (more than 80%). Signal quality of some modalities, based on established indices, was higher at night than during the day. A uniformly reported data quality and multimodal signal quality index is feasible, makes study results more comparable, and contributes to the development of devices and evaluation routines necessary for seizure monitoring.
A re-evaluation of the peak P–T conditions of eclogite-facies metamorphism of the Paleozoic Acatlán Complex (Mexico) reveals deeper subduction
Authors: Hernández-Uribe D.
Published: December 2022

Eclogites in the Acatlán Complex, southern Mexico, record the subduction history of the complex. Previous studies indicate that the proto-Acatlán Complex reached < 50 km depth during subduction. Yet, a recent study reported higher pressures for a single eclogite, questioning the maximum depth reached by the complex during subduction. In this work, I re-calculate eclogite pressure and temperature (P–T) conditions using thermobarometric methods applicable to eclogite-facies mafic rocks to a set of eclogites cropping out throughout the high-pressure belt of the Acatlán Complex—the Piaxtla Suite. I find that Acatlán eclogites record substantially—and systematically—greater pressures than previously reported. Calculations show that eclogites from the central part of the Piaxtla Suite (in the Piaxtla area) record consistent pressures of ~ 2.0 GPa and temperatures ranging between 460 and 675 °C. Eclogites from the northern part of the Piaxtla Suite (Mimilulco and Santa Cruz Organal areas) lack phengite, thus pressures were not calculated; temperatures calculated for these rocks at a fixed pressure (2.0 GPa) yield contrasting temperatures (511 °C and 870 °C, respectively). Mimilulco eclogite likely records similar pressures (~ 2.0 GPa) to other Piaxtla eclogites, whereas the pressures of Santa Cruz Organal eclogites might have been different, and likely experiencing a different thermal history compared to the rest of the eclogites from the Piaxtla Suite. Overall, these results indicate that the Acatlán Complex subducted to greater depths than previously thought implying a faster burial—exhumation cycle of the proto-Acatlán Complex.
Trioecy is maintained as a time-stable mating system in the pink sea urchin Toxopneustes roseus from the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Díaz-Martínez Julia Patricia , Mejía-Gutiérrez Leobarda Margarita , Islas-Villanueva Valentina , Benítez-Villalobos Francisco
Published: December 2022

Trioecy is a sexual system that consists of the co-occurrence of females, males and hermaphrodites in a population and is common in plants; however, in animals it is uncommon and poorly understood. In echinoderms, trioecy had never been recorded until now. Frequencies of females, males, and hermaphrodites were evaluated and gametogenic development was histologically characterized in a population ofToxopneustes roseusinhabiting the Mexican Pacific. Trioecy in this population is functional and temporally stable, since the three sexes coexisted in each sampling month. The hermaphrodites presented similar gametogenic development as the females and males and participated during the spawning season, contributing to the population’s reproductive process. Trioecy is considered an evolutionarily transitory state, and it is extremely difficult to explain its presence in a species. We hypothesize that continuous ocean warming represents a threat to the survival of this population ofT. roseus, since its early developmental stages, which represent a population bottleneck, are more vulnerable to high temperatures than other sea urchins inhabiting the area, while its population density is significantly lower. These conditions generate a strongly stressed environment, which is the determining factor that maintains the stability of trioecy in the species in which it has been studied.
Staggered-peak production is a mixed blessing in the control of particulate matter pollution
Authors: Wang Ying , Huang Ru-Jin , Xu Wei , Zhong Haobin , Duan Jing , Lin Chunshui , Gu Yifang , Wang Ting , Li Yongjie , Ovadnevaite Jurgita , Ceburnis Darius , O’Dowd Colin
Published: December 2022

Staggered-peak production (SP)—a measure to halt industrial production in the heating season—has been implemented in North China Plain to alleviate air pollution. We compared the variations of PM1 composition in Beijing during the SP period in the 2016 heating season (SPhs) with those in the normal production (NP) periods during the 2015 heating season (NPhs) and 2016 non-heating season (NPnhs) to investigate the effectiveness of SP. The PM1 mass concentration decreased from 70.0 ± 54.4 μg m−3 in NPhs to 53.0 ± 56.4 μg m−3 in SPhs, with prominent reductions in primary emissions. However, the fraction of nitrate during SPhs (20.2%) was roughly twice that during NPhs (12.7%) despite a large decrease of NOx, suggesting an efficient transformation of NOx to nitrate during the SP period. This is consistent with the increase of oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA), which almost doubled from NPhs (22.5%) to SPhs (43.0%) in the total organic aerosol (OA) fraction, highlighting efficient secondary formation during SP. The PM1 loading was similar between SPhs (53.0 ± 56.4 μg m−3) and NPnhs (50.7 ± 49.4 μg m−3), indicating a smaller difference in PM pollution between heating and non-heating seasons after the implementation of the SP measure. In addition, a machine learning technique was used to decouple the impact of meteorology on air pollutants. The deweathered results were comparable with the observed results, indicating that meteorological conditions did not have a large impact on the comparison results. Our study indicates that the SP policy is effective in reducing primary emissions but promotes the formation of secondary species.
Turning antibodies off and on again using a covalently tethered blocking peptide
Authors: Brasino Michael , Wagnell Eli , Hamilton Sean , Ranganathan Srivathsan , Gomes Michelle M. , Branchaud Bruce , Messmer Bradley , Ibsen Stuart D.
Published: December 2022

In their natural form, antibodies are always in an “on-state” and are capable of binding to their targets. This leads to undesirable interactions in a wide range of therapeutic, analytical, and synthetic applications. Modulating binding kinetics of antibodies to turn them from an “off-state” to an “on-state” with temporal and spatial control can address this. Here we demonstrate a method to modulate binding activity of antibodies in a predictable and reproducible way. We designed a blocking construct that uses both covalent and non-covalent interactions with the antibody. The construct consisted of a Protein L protein attached to a flexible linker ending in a blocking-peptide designed to interact with the antibody binding site. A mutant Protein L was developed to enable photo-triggered covalent crosslinking to the antibody at a specific location. The covalent bond anchored the linker and blocking peptide to the antibody light chain keeping the blocking peptide close to the antibody binding site. This effectively put the antibody into an “off-state”. We demonstrate that protease-cleavable and photocleavable moieties in the tether enable controlled antibody activation to the “on-state” for anti-FLAG and cetuximab antibodies. Protein L can bind a range of antibodies used therapeutically and in research for wide applicability.
Electrodeposited magnetic nanoporous membrane for high-yield and high-throughput immunocapture of extracellular vesicles and lipoproteins
Authors: Zhang Chenguang , Huo Xiaoye , Zhu Yini , Higginbotham James N. , Cao Zheng , Lu Xin , Franklin Jeffrey L. , Vickers Kasey C. , Coffey Robert J. , Senapati Satyajyoti , Wang Ceming , Chang Hsueh-Chia
Published: December 2022

Superparamagnetic nanobeads offer several advantages over microbeads for immunocapture of nanocarriers (extracellular vesicles, lipoproteins, and viruses) in a bioassay: high-yield capture, reduction in incubation time, and higher capture capacity. However, nanobeads are difficult to “pull-down” because their superparamagnetic feature requires high nanoscale magnetic field gradients. Here, an electrodeposited track-etched membrane is shown to produce a unique superparamagnetic nano-edge ring with multiple edges around nanopores. With a uniform external magnetic field, the induced monopole and dipole of this nano edge junction combine to produce a 10× higher nanobead trapping force. A dense nanobead suspension can be filtered through the magnetic nanoporous membrane (MNM) at high throughput with a 99% bead capture rate. The yield of specific nanocarriers in heterogeneous media by nanobeads/MNM exceeds 80%. Reproducibility, low loss, and concentration-independent capture rates are also demonstrated. This MNM material hence expands the application of nanobead immunocapture to physiological samples.
Machine learning prediction of connectivity, biodiversity and resilience in the Coral Triangle
Authors: Novi Lyuba , Bracco Annalisa
Published: December 2022

Even optimistic climate scenarios predict catastrophic consequences for coral reef ecosystems by 2100. Understanding how reef connectivity, biodiversity and resilience are shaped by climate variability would improve chances to establish sustainable management practices. In this regard, ecoregionalization and connectivity are pivotal to designating effective marine protected areas. Here, machine learning algorithms and physical intuition are applied to sea surface temperature anomaly data over a twenty-four-year period to extract ecoregions and assess connectivity and bleaching recovery potential in the Coral Triangle and surrounding oceans. Furthermore, the impacts of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on biodiversity and resilience are quantified. We find that resilience is higher for reefs north of the Equator and that the extraordinary biodiversity of the Coral Triangle is dynamic in time and space, and benefits from ENSO. The large-scale exchange of genetic material is enhanced between the Indian Ocean and the Coral Triangle during La Niña years, and between the Coral Triangle and the central Pacific in neutral conditions. Through machine learning the outstanding biodiversity of the Coral Triangle, its evolution and the increase of species richness are contextualized through geological times, while offering new hope for monitoring its future.
Using genetic algorithms to systematically improve the synthesis conditions of Al-PMOF
Authors: Domingues Nency P. , Moosavi Seyed Mohamad , Talirz Leopold , Jablonka Kevin Maik , Ireland Christopher P. , Ebrahim Fatmah Mish , Smit Berend
Published: December 2022

The synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is often complex and the desired structure is not always obtained. In this work, we report a methodology that uses a joint machine learning and experimental approach to optimize the synthesis conditions of Al-PMOF (Al2(OH)2TCPP) [H2TCPP = meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine], a promising material for carbon capture applications. Al-PMOF was previously synthesized using a hydrothermal reaction, which gave a low throughput yield due to its relatively long reaction time (16 hours). Here, we use a genetic algorithm to carry out a systematic search for the optimal synthesis conditions and a microwave-based high-throughput robotic platform for the syntheses. We show that, in just two generations, we could obtain excellent crystallinity and yield close to 80% in a much shorter reaction time (50 minutes). Moreover, by analyzing the failed and partially successful experiments, we could identify the most important experimental variables that determine the crystallinity and yield.
A macroscopic mass from quantum mechanics in an integrated approach
Authors: Seifert Frank C. , Panna Alireza R. , Hu I-Fan , Keck Lorenz H. , Chao Leon S. , Payagala Shamith U. , Jarrett Dean G. , Liu Chieh-I , Saha Dipanjan , Elmquist Randolph E. , Schlamminger Stephan , Rigosi Albert F. , Newell David B. , Haddad Darine
Published: December 2022

The revision of the International System of Units (SI) on May 20th, 2019, has enabled new improved experiments to consolidate and simplify mechanical and quantum electrical metrology. Here, we present the direct measurement between a macroscopic mass and two quantum standards in a single experiment, in which the current used to levitate a mass passes through a graphene quantum Hall standard. The Josephson effect voltage is compared directly to the resulting quantum Hall effect voltage. We demonstrate this measurement with the use of graphene quantum Hall arrays for scaling in resistance with improved uncertainty and higher current level.
Bulk-interface correspondence from quantum distance in flat band systems
Authors: Oh Chang-geun , Cho Doohee , Park Se Young , Rhim Jun-Won
Published: December 2022

The bulk-boundary correspondence is an integral feature of topological analysis and the existence of boundary or interface modes offers direct insight into the topological structure of the Bloch wave function. While only the topology of the wave function has been considered relevant to boundary modes, we demonstrate that another geometric quantity, the so-called quantum distance, can also host a bulk-interface correspondence. We consider a generic class of two-dimensional flat band systems, where the flat band has a parabolic band-crossing with another dispersive band. While such flat bands are known to be topologically trivial, we show that the nonzero maximum quantum distance between the eigenstates of the flat band around the touching point guarantees the existence of boundary modes at the interfaces between two domains with different chemical potentials or different maximum quantum distance. Moreover, the maximum quantum distance can predict even the explicit form of the dispersion relation and decay length of the interface modes.
Superradiance in alpha clustered mirror nuclei
Authors: Volya Alexander , Barbui Marina , Goldberg Vladilen Z. , Rogachev Grigory V.
Published: December 2022

Resonances in unstable quantum systems are radiating states that despite decaying overall normalization have a well-defined structure which is being balanced by outgoing radiation. Such an interplay between outgoing wave and internal quantum many-body dynamics leads to several unique effects. One of those is known as superradiance, or alignment, where due to decay or virtual coupling to the continuum the states undergo restructuring so that their wave functions align towards the decay channels thus facilitating the decay. This effect is well understood theoretically and is closely related to the fundamental properties of reaction physics. Direct observation of superradiance in open quantum many-body systems is difficult because it is hard to find identical complex quantum systems that are different only in their coupling to the continuum of reaction states describing the decay. Here we report this phenomenon in alpha cluster decays of mirror nuclei 18O and 18Ne.
Exposure to precipitation from tropical cyclones has increased over the continental United States from 1948 to 2019
Authors: Zhu Laiyin , Quiring Steven M.
Published: December 2022

Extreme precipitation from tropical cyclones can generate large-scale inland flooding and cause substantial damage. Here, we quantify spatiotemporal changes in population risk and exposure to tropical cyclone precipitation in the continental eastern United States over the period 1948–2019 using high-resolution in-situ precipitation observations. We find significant increases in the magnitude and likelihood of these extreme events due to increased rainfall rates and reduced translation speeds of tropical cyclones over land. We then develop a social exposure index to quantify exposure and risk of tropical cyclone precipitation as a function of both physical risk and socio-economic activities. Increased social exposure is primarily due to the increased risk of tropical cyclone precipitation, but there are regional differences. We identify exposure hotspots in the south-eastern United States, where rapid population growth and economic development amplify societal exposure to tropical cyclone hazards. Our multi-scale evaluation framework can help identify locations that should be targeted for mitigation and adaptation activities to increase their climate resilience.
Varied response of carbon dioxide emissions to warming in oxic, anoxic and transitional soil layers in a drained peatland
Authors: Liu Liangfeng , Chen Huai , Tian Jianqing
Published: December 2022

Peatlands are an important natural store of carbon. Here, we investigate how carbon dynamics in soils from three distinct layers from a drained peatland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau might respond to global warming. We incubated Zoige Plateau soil samples that represent oxic surface soil, permanently waterlogged anoxic deep soil, and a transitional interlayer, which varies between oxic and anoxic conditions with water table fluctuations, in the laboratory at 8 °C and 18 °C for 154 days. We find that carbon quality and microbial activity were highest in surface soils and lowest in interlayer soils. Carbon dioxide emissions were lowest in interlayer soils, where they were less sensitive to warming and more sensitive to nitrogen content than in the other layers. Conversely, carbon quality and microbial activity were the primary predictors of carbon dioxide emissions from the surface and deep soil, respectively. Our findings suggest a low vulnerability of soil carbon in interlayer soils of drained peatlands to warming.
A general framework for quantifying uncertainty at scale
Authors: Farcaş Ionuţ-Gabriel , Merlo Gabriele , Jenko Frank
Published: December 2022

In many fields of science, comprehensive and realistic computational models are available nowadays. Often, the respective numerical calculations call for the use of powerful supercomputers, and therefore only a limited number of cases can be investigated explicitly. This prevents straightforward approaches to important tasks like uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis. This challenge can be overcome via our recently developed sensitivity-driven dimension-adaptive sparse grid interpolation strategy. The method exploits, via adaptivity, the structure of the underlying model (such as lower intrinsic dimensionality and anisotropic coupling of the uncertain inputs) to enable efficient and accurate uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis at scale. Here, we demonstrate the efficiency of this adaptive approach in the context of fusion research, in a realistic, computationally expensive scenario of turbulent transport in a magnetic confinement tokamak device with eight uncertain parameters, reducing the effort by at least two orders of magnitude. In addition, we show that this refinement method intrinsically provides an accurate surrogate model that is nine orders of magnitude cheaper than the high-fidelity model.
Biomass-derived ultrafast cross-linked hydrogels with double dynamic bonds for hemostasis and wound healing
Authors: Cheng Huitong , Yu Qiao , Chen Qin , Feng Lan , Zhao Weifeng , Zhao Changsheng
Published: December 2022

To adapt to irregular and incompressible wounds, we fabricated a series of biomass-derived ultrafast cross-linked adhesive hydrogels with adjustable gelation time and injectable properties, which achieved rapid hemostasis and display fantastic biodegradability.
Dual supramolecular chirogenesis based on platinum(ii) metallotweezers
Authors: Ren Jie , Jiang Sixun , Han Tingting , Wu Shuai , Tian Yukui , Wang Feng
Published: December 2022

Optically active platinum(ii) metallotweezers demonstrate both self-complexation and host–guest complexation capabilities, leading to two distinct supramolecular chirogenic signals in the visible region.
Graphene barristors for de novo optoelectronics
Authors: Kim Seongchan , Jo Sae Byeok , Cho Jeong Ho
Published: December 2022

The progress and prospects in the field of multi-stimuli-responsive vertical Schottky-barrier transistor technology are reviewed.
Visualizing screening in noble-metal clusters: static vs. dynamic
Authors: Sinha-Roy Rajarshi , García-González Pablo , López-Lozano Xóchitl , Weissker Hans-Christian
Published: December 2022

The screening of surface plasmons in noble-metal clusters by opposing d-electron polarization differs strongly from the static case with largely vanishing interior field where the d electrons react to the Friedel-oscillation-like density modulations.
Slow-light effects based on the tunable Fano resonance in a Tamm state coupled graphene surface plasmon system
Authors: Ruan Banxian , Li Min , Liu Chao , Gao Enduo , Zhang Zhenbin , Chang Xia , Zhang Baihui , Li Hongjian
Published: December 2022

We theoretically realize the tunable Fano resonance in a hybrid structure that allows the coupling between Tamm plasmon-polaritons (TPPs) and graphene surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs).
[Zn2+–Ge4+] co-substitutes [Ga3+–Ga3+] to coordinately broaden the near-infrared emission of Cr3+ in Ga2O3 phosphors
Authors: Lin Jianhua , Zhou Liuyan , Shen Yuyu , Fu Jie , Chen Yanling , Lei Lei , Ye Renguang , Shen Yang , Deng Degang , Xu Shiqing
Published: December 2022

This paper focuses on the use of [Zn2+–Ge4+] to co-replace [Ga3+–Ga3+], which redshifts the near-infrared emission of Cr3+ in Ga2O3, and broadens the full width at half maximum.
Acetaldehyde in the indoor environment
Authors: Salthammer Tunga
Published: December 2022

Acetaldehyde is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. The relevant sources and the concentrations occurring indoors are discussed and evaluated on the basis of health-related criteria and guide values.
Zinc acetylacetonate doping for enhanced cathode interface layer in organic solar cells
Authors: Wang Wei , Lin Zhichao , Li Xin , Tang Yirong , Zhong Wentao , Zhang Chunhui , Yang Tingbin , Liang Yongye
Published: December 2022

Zinc acetylacetonate is introduced to dope PDINO as an efficient cathode interface layer, affording higher power conversion efficiency and less sensitivity to CIL thickness for organic solar cells.
Selective construction of spiro[indoline-3,5′-pyrrolo[3,4-b]azepines] and spiro[indoline-3,3′-pyrroles] via a [4 + 3]/[3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of α,β-unsaturated aldimines and MBH adducts of isatins
Authors: Liu Dan , Sun Jing , Sun Qiu , Yan Chao-Guo
Published: December 2022

An efficient synthetic protocol for the selective construction of spiro[indoline-3,5′-pyrrolo[3,4-b]azepines] and spiro[indoline-3,3′-pyrroles] via a cycloaddition reaction of α,β-unsaturated aldimines and MBH adducts of isatins was successfully developed.
Exploiting the reactivities ofortho-alkynyl aryl ketones: opportunities in designing catalytic annulation reactions
Authors: Zhang Tian-Shu , Liu Shuai , Hao Wen-Juan , Jiang Bo
Published: December 2022

We provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in this rapidly growing field by summarizing catalytic annulation reactions ofortho-alkynyl aryl ketones which involve carbo- andoxo-cyclization patterns with consideration of their mechanisms and applications.
Axially coordinated Co–N4 sites for the electroreduction of nitrobenzene
Authors: Pan Meilan , Li Junjian , Zhang Xue , Liu Subiao , Chew Jia Wei , Pan Bingjun
Published: December 2022

Single-atom cobalt (Co–N–C) catalyst has been proposed as a superior catalyst, but the symmetrical Co–N4 structure shows unfavorable energetics, leading to much debate on its chemical nature responsible for its high activity.
Slow magnetic relaxation in Nd(iii) and Sm(iii) complexes formed in three-dimensional lanthanide-dicyanidometallate(i) frameworks exhibiting luminescent properties
Authors: Kumar Kunal , Li Guanping , Stefanczyk Olaf , Chorazy Szymon , Nakabayashi Koji , Ohkoshi Shin-ichi
Published: December 2022

Uncommon lanthanides are used to construct luminescent molecular nanomagnets and a pioneering SMM-based optical thermometer utilizing Sm(iii) centres.
Violence 4D: Violence detection in surveillance using 4D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Magdy Mai , Fakhr Mohamed Waleed , Maghraby Fahima A.
Published: December 2022

As violence has increased around the world, surveillance cameras are everywhere, and they are only going to get more ubiquitous. Due to the massive volume of video footage, automatic activity detection systems must be used to create an online warning in the event of aberrant activity. A deep learning architecture is presented in this study using four‐dimensional video‐level convolution neural networks. The proposed architecture includes residual blocks that are used with three‐Dimensional Convolution Neural Networks 3D (CNNs) to learn long‐term and short‐term spatiotemporal representation from the video as well as record inter‐clip interaction. ResNet50 is used as the backbone for three‐dimensional convolution networks and dense optical flow for the region of interest. The proposed architecture is applied on four benchmarks for violence and non‐violence videos, which are commonly used for violent detection. It obtained test accuracies of 94.67% on RWF2000, 97.29% on Crowd violence, 100% on Movie fight and 100% on the Hockey Fight dataset. These results outperform the previous methods used on RWF2000 datasets.
Control of distribution static compensator with active damped inductor‐capacitor‐inductor filter using dual loop αβ‐frame current controllers for power quality improvement
Authors: Arunagiri Lakshmanan Sorraka , Rajpurohit Bharat Singh , Jain Amit
Published: December 2022

A distribution system is connected with many non‐linear loads, and generated harmonies are mitigated by using distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) which is coupled at the point of common coupling through a voltage source inverter (VSI) and filter circuit. High‐frequency switching ripples are generated along with the output of the VSI during pulse width modulation switching. Inductor‐capacitor‐inductor (LCL) filter is used to suppress the high frequency switching noises. Still, the primary concern about the LCL filter is generation of resonance peak at the resonance frequency. The conventional synchronous reference frame current controller with LCL filter has a complex coupling between and axis; hence decoupling is very difficult. This research article presents a new technique based on active damped dual loop ‐frame current controllers to control the DSTATCOM with LCL filter for achieving improved load compensation. The dual loop controller is enhanced by using capacitor current in the inside loop and grid current at the outside loop with proportional resonant (PR) regulator parallel with harmonic compensator (HC). The proposed method effectively dampens the resonance peak under stationary reference frame The PR controller offers unlimited gain at the fundamental frequency and HC can offer more gain at the specific harmonic frequencies. Hence, characteristics of the PR and HC controllers used together to achieve minimum steady‐state error and the problematic decoupling are ignored. The complete DSTATCOM model with proposed control scheme is discussed with PR and (PR + HC) controllers separately under balanced, unbalanced source voltage. Stability analysis is carried out through Bode and pole‐zero plots to judge the performance of the proposed current controllers. The obtained results, including total harmonic distortion of the source current, are compared with conventional passive damped ‐frame current controller.
Lattice‐based cryptosystems in standardisation processes: A survey
Authors: Wang Anyu , Xiao Dianyan , Yu Yang
Published: December 2022

The current widely used public‐key cryptosystems are vulnerable to quantum attacks. To prepare for cybersecurity in the quantum era, some projects have been launched to call for post‐quantum alternatives. Due to solid security and desirable performance, lattice‐based cryptosystems are viewed as promising candidates in the upcoming standardisation of post‐quantum cryptography. This study surveys the lattice‐based cryptosystems in the post‐quantum standardisation processes including the NIST Post‐Quantum Cryptography Standardisation and the Chinese Cryptographic Algorithm Design Competition, from both design and security aspects. We present generic design paradigms of lattice‐based schemes and describe several representative proposals and recent progress. We also recap some main cryptanalytic results and methods for estimating the concrete security of lattice‐based schemes.
DS+: A method for the identification of cluster substructures
Authors: Benavides José A. , Biviano Andrea , Abadi Mario G.
Published: December 2022

Context. The study of cluster substructures is important for the determination of the cluster dynamical status, assembly history, and the evolution of cluster galaxies, and it allows us to set constraints on the nature of dark matter and cosmological parameters.

Aims. We present and test DS+, a new method for the identification and characterization of group-sized substructures in clusters.

Methods. Our new method is based on the projected positions and line-of-sight (l.o.s. hereafter) velocities of cluster galaxies, and it is an improvement and extension of the traditional method of Dressler & Shectman (1988, AJ, 95, 985). We tested it on cluster-size cosmological halos extracted from the IllustrisTNG simulations, with virial masses 14 ≲ log(M200/M⊙) ≲ 14.6 that contain ~190 galaxies on average. We also present an application of our method on a real data set, the Bullet cluster.

Results. DS+ is able to identify ~80% of real group galaxies as members of substructures, and at least 60% of the galaxies assigned to substructures belong to real groups. The physical properties of the real groups are significantly correlated with those of the corresponding detected substructures, but with significant scatter, and they are overestimated on average. Application of the DS+ method to the Bullet cluster confirms the presence and main properties of the high-speed collision and identifies other substructures along the main cluster axis.

Conclusions. DS+ proves to be a reliable method for the identification of substructures in clusters. The method is made freely available to the community as a Python code.
Hochrisiko-Prostatakarzinom nach Bestrahlung
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: December 2022

Die Strahlenbehandlung und Androgendeprivation (ADT) verzögert bei Patienten mit einem Hochrisiko-Prostatakarzinom das Auftreten von Fernmetastasen. Die Leitlinien empfehlen eine ADT nach einer hochdosierten externen Strahlentherapie (External Beam Radiotherapy; EBRT) über 18–36 Monate und nach EBRT plus Boost über mindestens 12 Monate. Anhand von Daten aus 3 Kohorten ermittelte nun eine Studie mithilfe von Spline-Interpolationen die optimale Dauer der Hormontherapie, um das metastasenfreie Überleben und Gesamtüberleben (OS) zu verlängern.
Heiterkeit für Herz und Seele
Authors: Koppold Anna
Published: December 2022

Die Melisse (Melissa officinalis) ist eine unserer ältesten und beliebtesten Heilpflanzen. Man nimmt sie gerne zur Beruhigung von Verdauung, Herz und Nerven.
Hahnemann trifft Freud
Authors: Stifft Ulrike
Published: December 2022

Die Klassische Homöopathie und Psychoanalyse/Psychotherapie weisen zentrale Gemeinsamkeiten in ihrem Verständnis von Krankheit und ihrer Haltung zum Patienten/Klienten (siehe Anmerkung der Autorin zur geschlechtersensiblen Sprache am Ende des Beitrags) auf. Hahnemann widmete sich der differenzierten Betrachtung der individuellen Symptome eines Patienten und richtete sein Augenmerk auch auf „geistartige“ Ursachen. Freud machte unter anderem die Entdeckung, dass die Ursache von psychischen Störungen im Unterbewussten zu suchen ist. Im vorgestellten Fallbeispiel demonstriert die Autorin, wie Klassische Homöopathie und Psychotherapie gemeinsam die Ursache von Störungen an die Oberfläche bringen und an diesem Punkt therapeutisch ansetzen können.
Monitoring/Evaluation in Nutritional Therapy for People with
Gastrointestinal Complaints: Online Survey with Dietitians
Authors: Zbären Eveline , Padmanabhan Srividhya , Jent Sandra
Published: December 2022

Introduction Dietary interventions are part of the therapy approach in
gastrointestinal disorders. However, guidance on what outcomes to assess (in the
form of a core outcome set) for dietitians to demonstrate the effectiveness of
their interventions is lacking. This study provides preliminary work for the
development of a core outcome set to systematically assess outcomes of nutrition
therapy in clients with gastrointestinal complaints by examining how
monitoring/evaluation are conducted by dietitians.

Methods This is a quantitative online survey for dietitians to assess the
current situation around the globe concerning monitoring and evaluation. An
online survey with 26 questions divided into six sections (rated importance,
implementation, resources/obstacles, instrument requirements,
statistical questions and experiences with the Nutrition Care Process) was
developed. The questionnaire was available in English, French and German.

Results In total 740 responses were analysed.
Monitoring/evaluation of clients with gastrointestinal symptoms was
rated by 98% to be quite important to very important. The systematic
implementation of monitoring and evaluation according to a concept/model
was rated by 57% as 'rather often' to 'very
often/always'.

Conclusion Dietitians are aware of the importance of the measurability of
dietetic interventions. The most dominant barriers are lacking time in daily
practice and lack of a suitable monitoring/evaluation instrument. A
suitable core outcome set in the field of gastrointestinal complaints is needed
to increase systematic monitoring/evaluation.
Psychologische Symbolarbeit
Authors: Schober Paul
Published: December 2022

Die psychologische Symbolarbeit ist ein Therapie- und Beratungskonzept, das reale, (be-)greifbare Symbole einsetzt. Die Symbole in Form von konkreten Gegenständen werden zum Dolmetscher, um auszudrücken, was man sonst nicht sagen kann – wie die beiden Fallbeispiele zeigen. Dieser Ansatz wurde von dem Sozialtherapeuten Wilfried Schneider im Rahmen seiner Tätigkeit im Suchtbereich entwickelt und im Laufe der Jahre für Therapie, Beratung, Supervision und Pädagogik anwendbar gemacht.
Gastrointestinale Tumoren
Authors: Kolac Corinna
Published: December 2022

Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) oder Panels in Gewebe bzw. Liquid-Biopsie (ctDNA) – Biomarker können bei gastrointestinalen Tumoren (GI-Tumoren) therapieentscheidend sein. Dr. Pashtoon M. Kasi, New York, referierte auf einem Webinar über den aktuellen Stand der Basis-Biomarker und -Testungen. Anhand von Patientenbeispielen erläuterte er Studiendaten und Therapieoptionen.
Mammakarzinom
Authors: Willen Christine
Published: December 2022

Die molekulare Diagnostik ist fester Bestandteil bei der Mutationsdiagnostik des Mammakarzinoms für den rationalen Einsatz von zielgerichteten Therapien. Wenn eine Mutationsanalyse veranlasst wird, sollte immer ein Panel getestet werden und nicht Einzelmarker, empfahl Prof. Carsten Denkert, Pathologe an der Universität Marburg, auf dem Senologenkongress 2022.
Entstehung und Entwicklung des Hauttumorzentrums Karlsruhe
Authors: Raguz Jutta M. , Klemke Claus-Detlev , Jäger Manuel
Published: December 2022

Die Diagnose Hautkrebs ist für Patient*innen, Angehörige und Ärzt*innen eine besondere
Herausforderung. Eingegliedert in das Clinical Cancer Center (CCC) bietet das Hauttumorzentrum
Karlsruhe die Anlaufstelle für alle Patient*innen, bei denen ein bösartiger Hauttumor
diagnostiziert wurde. Das Hauttumorzentrum wurde im Jahr 2017 durch OnkoZert entsprechend der
Kriterien der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft erstzertifiziert. Wir erarbeiten zusammen mit
unseren Kooperationspartnern im Hause für jeden Patienten einen auf ihn persönlich
zugeschnittenen Behandlungsplan, in dem die Kompetenzen aller beteiligten Experten und
Abteilungen einfließen. Grundgedanke des Zentrums ist die fachübergreifende, individuelle
Versorgung der Patient*innen. Hierzu bildet die interdisziplinäre Tumorkonferenz, das
Herzstück des Hauttumorzentrums, die Grundlage. Seit der Erstzertifizierung des
Hauttumorzentrums nahm die Anzahl der vorgestellten Patientenfälle kontinuierlich von 54
(2016) auf 335 (2021) zu und spiegelt sich entsprechend in einem jährlichen Anstieg der
verordneten Tumortherapien wider. Während über viele Jahre hinweg bspw. zur Behandlung des
fortgeschrittenen malignen Melanoms nur wenige Therapieoptionen mit eingeschränkter
Wirksamkeit zur Verfügung standen, hat mit Einführung der zielgerichteten und der
Immuntherapie ein neues Zeitalter begonnen. Nicht nur im fernmetastasierten Stadium, sondern
auch für Patient*innen mit lokoregionär ausgebreitetem Melanom haben sich die Therapieoptionen
durch Zulassungen im adjuvanten Setting und damit auch die Prognose deutlich gebessert. Des
Weiteren kamen auch für andere Tumorentitäten wie das metastasierte und lokal fortgeschrittene
Plattenepithelkarzinom, das Basalzellkarzinom, das Merkelzellkarzinom und die kutanen Lymphome
neue medikamentöse Tumortherapien zur Zulassung. Das Hauttumorzentrum Karlsruhe bildet das
gesamte Spektrum sowohl der medikamentösen als auch der operativen Tumortherapie ab.
Neue Therapien kutaner T-Zell-Lymphome
Authors: Pfitzer Caroline , Klemke Claus-Detlev
Published: December 2022

Kutane Lymphome gehören zu den seltenen Erkrankungen. Sie stellen eine heterogene Gruppe mit sehr unterschiedlicher klinischer Symptomatik und Prognose dar. Aufgrund der Komplexität der Erkrankung ist die Einbeziehung eines spezialisierten Zentrums empfehlenswert.

Wir stellen im Folgenden drei Patienten mit primär kutanen T-Zell-Lymphomen (CTCL) aus unserem Hauttumorzentrum vor. Anhand dieser Fallbeispiele möchten wir die multimodale Therapie von CTCL unter Berücksichtigung neu zugelassener Medikamente für diese Indikation beschreiben.
Dapagliflozin Presented Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Through Metabolite
Extraction and AMPK/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lin Deng , Song Yuling
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the incidence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
has been increasing year by year. The experiments conducted on rat elucidated
the effect and underlying mechanism of dapagliflozin in NAFLD. Sprague Dawley
rats were fed with HFD (Fat accounts for 52%, carbohydrate 34%
and protein 14%) for 12 weeks as NAFLD model. Dapagliflozin presented
NAFLD in rat model. Dapagliflozin reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in
rat model of NAFLD. Dapagliflozin reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in
vitro model of NAFLD. Dapagliflozin in a model of NAFLD metabolized into
histamine H1 receptor, caffeine metabolism, mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis,
choline metabolism in cancer, tryptophan metabolism, and glycerophospholipid
metabolism. Dapagliflozin induced AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway. The
regulation of AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway affected the effects of
dapagliflozin on nonalcoholic fatty liver. In summary, dapagliflozin plays a
preventative role in NAFLD through metabolite extraction, the inhibition of
oxidative stress, and inflammation by AMPK/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
Dapagliflozin may be a potential therapeutic agent for oxidative stress and
inflammation in model of NAFLD.
Rhodium-Catalyzed N-Reverse Prenylation of Nonactivated Indoles
Authors: Sun Minghe , Wei Linsheng , Li Changkun
Published: December 2022

The N-reverse prenylated indole motif is an important structure in natural products and biologically active molecules. Nevertheless, the direct N-reverse prenylation of nonactivated indoles is challenging. We report a rhodium-catalyzed regioselective N-reverse prenylation of indoles bearing various functional groups under neutral conditions. The triphenyl phosphite ligand and acetonitrile solvent together play a key role in the reactivity and selectivity.
Effect of Comorbidities on the Outcome of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Puri Sunaakshi , Mahajan Shalvi , Jangra Kiran , Chauhan Rajeev , Kumar Sanjay , Aggarwal Ashish , Vyas Sameer , Bhagat Hemant
Published: December 2022

Background The pathophysiological changes following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) lead to a varied degree of neurological deficit and cognitive decline. The presence of comorbidities can contribute to the progression and course of the disease resulting in high morbidity and mortality.

Methods A total of 140 patients with aSAH, scheduled for surgical clipping or endovascular coiling were included. The patients' comorbidities were recorded. The postoperative outcome was evaluated using Glasgow Outcome Scale at 1 month following discharge. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables predicting poor outcome, taking into consideration those variables which were significant in univariate analysis.

Results Sixty-six percent of these patients with aSAH had associated comorbidities. In our patient cohort, we found that smoking and hypertension were associated with worse outcome (odds ratio [OR] = 4.63 [confidence interval [CI] = 1.83–11.7] and OR = 2.92 [CI = 1.41–6.01], respectively). Hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and asthma did not influence the neurological outcome because of their small number.

Conclusion Presence of comorbidities like smoking and hypertension significantly worsen the outcome of these patients with aSAH.