bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Perceived Brand Prestige on Brand Engagement: The Mediating Roles of Brand Trust and Brand Commitment
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Choi Chul-Jae
Published: May 2024

Purpose - This study aims to determine the impact of brand prestige on brand self-congruity and brand consciousness in the luxury brand setting, and the moderating role of brand trust in these relationships. In addition, we aim to confirm the impact of brand self-congruity and brand consciousness on brand engagement, and the moderating role of brand commitment in the relationship between these constructs.
Design/Methodology/Approach - In this study, SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 26.0 statistical packages were used to confirm the validity and reliability of the data. Research hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Convergent validity was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and discriminant validity was confirmed using correlation analysis.
Findings - Brand trust fully mediated the relationship between brand prestige and brand self-congruity, and partially mediated the relationship between brand prestige and brand consciousness. However, brand commitment was found to be insignificant in the relationship between brand self-congruity and brand engagement, but was found to be partially mediated in the relationship between brand consciousness and brand engagement.
Research Implications - Luxury brand marketers and managers must increase brand trust so that consumers can have a high level of loyalty to the brand, and identify with the brand. Additionally, it is necessary to encourage active engagement in luxury brands by increasing brand commitment.
The Impact of Bio-pharmaceutical Companies Using the JD-R model on Turnover Intentions: A Comparative Study between South Korea and China
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Song Hao , Choi Byung-Woo , Zhao Mingxiao
Published: May 2024

Purpose - This study uses the Job-Demand Resource model as the main theoretical background to analyze the impact of job resources and job demand on turnover intention, and how organizational justice moderates the relationship between them.
Design/Methodology/Approach - A questionnaire survey was conducted with a total of 729 respondents working in bio-pharmaceutical companies in South Korea and China, and the following analysis results were obtained through statistical empirical analysis (SPSS, AMOS).
Findings - First, job demand has a significant positive (+) impact on turnover intention. Second, job resources have a significant negative (-) impact on turnover intention. Lastly, organizational justice shows a moderating effect on the relationship between job resources and turnover intention, while it has no moderating effect on the relationship between job demands and turnover intention.
Research Implications - These results suggest that job demand, job resource, and organizational justice are related to employee turnover intention. Based on this structural relationship, specifically reality-based polices were proposed to reduce Job Demand and Turnover Intention, or increase Job Resource and Organizational Justice in bio-pharmaceutical companies. Meanwhile, the differences between Korea and China were discussed as well.
The Effect of KOL Marketing through Contents and Traffic on Chinese Consumers’ Purchase Intention and Brand Trust
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Zhou Yujun , Nam Kyung-Doo
Published: May 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to analyze how the content and traffic of KOL marketing influence Chinese purchase intention and brand trust on products during KOL live streaming.
Design/Methodology/Approach - Four hypotheses containing 10 segmentation hypotheses were developed. 120 valid questionnaire results from Chinese consumers using live streaming platforms like Douyin, Kuaishou, and so on, which conduct KOL marketing, were collected from the Wenjuanxing online survey and data tool from June to July of 2023. With Confirmatory and Regression Analysis to confirm hypotheses and result reliability, SPSS 24.0 was utilized to analyze the results.
Findings - Results displayed that KOL content with diversity, good two-way communication, and verticality did occupy an important place in trusting brands and purchasing. Ads from KOLs seemed be the most efficient way to allow Chinese consumers to trust new brands and products. The significance of the traffic strategy could also been seen.
Research Implications - Through the investigation, Chinese consumers are developing higher standard toward the content brought by different KOLs. Creativeness, uniqueness, and personalization will be the key to win trust and purchases. Abundant but popular keywords with good indexes should be embedded into dynamic and static ads, posts, and keywords lists to let consumers find what KOLs promote, and target consumer groups can be efficiently developed for Korean companies entering into the Chinese market.
A Study on the International Competitiveness of High-tech Industries in China and the U.S.A.
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Chang Yaowu , Chang Sun-Mi
Published: May 2024

Purpose - With the acceleration of scientific and technological progress and globalization, the competition in high-tech industry has become increasingly fierce, and China and the United States, as the world's two largest economies, have attracted much attention in the field of high-tech industry. This study analyzes the international competitiveness of high-tech industries targeting China and the United States.
Design/Methodology/Approach - MS (Market Share) index, RSCA (Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage) index, and TSI (Trade Specialization Index) were calculated for nine high-tech industries in China and the United States. The analysis period was 2010, 2015, and 2020, and the analysis data used data from UN Comtrade and WDI industry statistics.
Findings - The analysis shows that China has an advantage over the United States in the computer office machinery, telecommunications, electrical machinery, and chemical industries, while the United States has an advantage in the pharmaceutical, scientific instruments, non-electrical machinery, and military industries. In the aerospace industry, both the United States and China are inferior, but the United States appears to have an advantage over China.
Research Implications - The competitive relationship between China and the United States in the field of high-tech industries not only affects the economies of the two countries, it also profoundly influences the world industrial structure and innovation. Therefore, an in-depth study of the international competitiveness of China and the United States in the field of high-tech industries is of great significance.
The Effect of Logistics Performance between Countries on International Trade: A Focus on Korea’s Trade Partners and FTA Countries
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Choi Won-Seok , Hong Seung-Lin
Published: May 2024

Purpose - This study is to compare and analyze the impact of logistics performance between Korea’s trade partners and FTA signatory countries in international trade.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This study conducted a panel analysis applying a gravity model to analyze the impact relationship between international trade and logistics performance. The panel data was composed by combining 110 trade partners considering whether the biennial data of the Logistics Performance Index (2007-2018) and statistical data used in the analysis match.
Findings - Both GDP per capita and population were statistically significant in the increase in exports and imports. It showed the same conclusion as previous studies that export and import demand are determined by income level and market size. However, logistics performance in export growth improved in FTA signatory countries more than in trade partners, while logistics performance in import growth showed the opposite trend. Furthermore, international shipment and timeliness are logistical achievements that contribute in common to the exports and imports of trade partners and FTA signatories. Regardless of the trade partners and FTA signatories, we have confirmed that the cost-cutting and time reduction of raw material transportation are important factors contributing to the expansion of exports and imports.
Research Implications - This study confirmed that the conclusion of an FTA has a great effect on logistics performance. In particular, in terms of export growth, customs improved further after signing an FTA, and tracking and tracing were new factors influencing export performance. Therefore, Korea should enhance its trade competitiveness by signing FTAs to effectively utilize supply chains in the region.
Good Governance Measurement using Rotberg's Output-Based Approach for Kyrgyzstan
Authors:   Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute (CERGE-EI), SHAMURZAEVA Ailuna S. , USONOVA Taalaigul Zh. ,   Ala-Too International University
Published: May 2024

This study evaluates the concept of good governance by comparing traditional inputbased measures with a novel output-based methodology. Indices like the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) are widely used for cross-country comparisons but face criticisms for their reliance on input and capacity-based approaches, which may not accurately reflect governance outcomes experienced by citizens. Rotberg (2016) proposed an output-centred method that assesses governance quality through tangible political goods provisions, utilizing a bottom-up approach. This research applies Rotberg’s methodology to measure good governance in Kyrgyzstan using data on 36 indexes over a period from 1991 to 2019. Missing values were imputed using Principal Component Analysis. Comparative analysis of Rotberg’s index with the WGI reveals divergent trends, explained by differences in methodology and underlying data. The research findings highlight the need for the design of a rigorous methodology for the computation of the output-based good governance index for developing countries. Addressing the identified issues will facilitate the widespread adoption and refinement of this alternative measure, fostering better governance practices worldwide.
Comparison of Essential Oil Components and Yield Parameters of Artemisia dracunculus and Artemisia dracunculoides
Authors: Gıdık Betül
Published: May 2024

Medicinal and aromatic plants have attracted attention recently for their essential oil content. This study aims to compare, for the first time, essential oil of Artemisia dracunculus L. and Artemisia dracunculoides L., which are closely related species. Yield values of this Artemisia spp. were determined, and the highest drug-herb yield (119.01 kg/ha) was found for Artemisia dracunculus L. The essential oil components of these species grown under organic production conditions in Bayburt, Türkiye, were determined by the microwave hydrodistillation method for the first time and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil ratio for A. dracunculus was 1.40 %, whereas it was 1.21 % for A. dracunculoides; 42 components were found in A. dracunculus essential oil, while 38 were found in A. dracunculoides essential oil. Estragole was the most abundant essential oil component in A. dracunculus L. (69.34%) and A. dracunculoides L. (67.51%). The GC-MS results, showed that A. dracunculus L. is more suitable for use in perfumery and food industries than A. dracunculoides.
Measurements of the “Ability” Phenomenon: Questions
Authors:   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Tolochek Vladimir
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study was to search for optimal measurements in a holistic description of the evolution of the phenomenon of “ability”, manifested in the processes of professional development and professional activity of the subject. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, we came to the following conclusions: 1) the effectiveness of activity and the social success of the subject have ambiguous connections with the degree of expression of abilities (giftedness, talent, genius); 2) studying abilities on samples of children and youth whose abilities are manifested in conditional activities (learning), in hobby activities, imposes restrictions; 3) the manifestations of abilities in the joint activities of highly qualified professionals remain the least studied. Using the methods of historical-theoretical and subject-categorical analysis, we have developed the author’s approach to the problem under discussion, which consists of an evolutionary-systemic description of the phenomenon. Interpreting the difference in the content of the concepts “efficiency of the subject” and “social success of the subject” as an opportunity to move towards solving open questions in the field of studying the problem of abilities, we propose to turn to a system-evolutionary description of this phenomenon through its four dimensions. In the horizontal dimension, the evolution of the phenomenon is presented as a continuum of manifestations of its following hypostases: inclinations, abilities, special abilities, professional abilities; in the vertical dimension — transformations: inclinations, abilities, giftedness, talent, genius; in the ontogenetic dimension (“age-related”, “longitudinal”) — age-related changes in a person as an individual and as a subject, structural transformations of his abilities in the process of acquiring social experience, mastering new professional functions and social roles; the “self-reference” dimension is a measure of the representation of the psychological system as an integrity to the “external observer” and the “internal observer”, to itself. Conclusions: abilities are a phenomenon that can be distributed in time and space, the manifestations of which are determined by the measure of mobilization of the capabilities of the psyche and body, the measure of integration with other systems, the safety of which is ensured by the processes of self-regulation and self-healing, periodic changes in components and structures.
The Influence of Big Five Personality Traits on Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Erzhanova Asiia , Kharkhurin Anatoliy ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Koncha Valeriya ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Knowledge of a foreign language helps people from different cultures exchange experiences, expertise, and ideas worldwide. It is considered a valuable asset in the professional field and may be highly useful in personal life. Foreign language classroom anxiety is a phenomenon associated with fear and nervousness that occurs in a language learning context. Foreign language classroom anxiety often leads to a decrease in overall process efficiency, motivation loss, and avoidance of language practice. The aim of this study is to investigate, whether Big Five personality traits contribute to foreign language classroom anxiety. Four hundred and fifty-two foreign language learners aged between 16 and 70 participated in the study. Participants were given а Big Five personality inventory to assess their personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to new experience), and a foreign language classroom anxiety scale which measures the following components: test anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and communication apprehension. Linear regression was used as an analysis method. The results revealed that neuroticism positively predicted fear of negative evaluation, communication apprehension, and test anxiety. Extraversion negatively predicted fear of negative evaluation, communication apprehension, and test anxiety. Openness to experience also negatively predicted all three foreign language anxiety components. The results of the study suggest that knowledge of learners’ Big Five personality traits may decrease the levels of foreign language anxiety in a classroom.
Automatic Scoring of Verbal Divergent Thinking Tests: From Lexical Databases to Large Language Models
Authors:   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Valueva Ekaterina ,   Moscow State University of Psychology & Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Panfilova Anastasia ,   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rafikova Antonina ,   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

The article explores the evolution of methods for automatically assessing verbal divergent thinking tests. Resear - chers have increasingly focused on the ability to evaluate the originality of respondents' answers by calculating their semantic distance from the stimulus task. From 2009 to 2019, latent semantic analysis became the primary method for assessing semantic distances. Overall, in terms of internal consistency and correlation with expert ratings, its application yielded satisfactory results, maintaining an acceptable balance of quality and effort expended. However, issues emerged (dependence on the corpus used, result instability, systematic distortions related to the length of analyzed responses), prompting researchers to transition to more advanced models of distributional semantics (GloVe, Word2Vec etc.), large language models, and supervised learning. Large language models, especially those fine-tuned on creativity test materials, demonstrated higher effectiveness compared to models assessing semantic distances and approached expert evaluations. In addition to evaluating originality, the article considers works proposing methods for automatic assessment of elaboration, flexibility, associative flow, and divergent semantic integration. References to online platforms that allow for automatic assessments of originality in responses to divergent tests are provided. The issue of interpreting results obtained through large language models is discussed. A drawback of using these models is the lack of understanding of the basis on which judgments of the originality of creative products are made. The perspectives of applying explainable artificial intelligence for evaluating results of verbal and non-verbal tests of creative thinking are being discussed.
Review of Tatyana Nikolaevna Ushakova’s Book “The Nature of the Meaningfulness of the Word”
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Lyakso Elena
Published: May 2024

The review of the book by T.N. Ushakova “The nature of the meaningfulness of the word” considered the main idea of the book — the ratio of subjective and objective components of speech, the external form of the word and its subjective content, their mutual complementarity and the irreducibility of the sum to a single whole. Its evidences based on the author’s analysis of a large volume of literary and experimental data, including the work of the author of the book, T.N. Ushakova, were analyzed. It is emphasized that the book is a fundamental work that summarizes experimental data and their deep understanding, allowing the author to formulate a new psychophysiological concept of speech formation and language acquisition. This is an interdisciplinary study covering different aspects of speech behavior from the positions of psychology, physiology, linguistics, psychophysiology and philosophy, starting from the early vocalizations of infants and their motor activity, and ending with the processes of language creativity in adult. Review noted that expanding the problem of studying language and speech, T.N. Ushakova turns to neuropsychological and psychophysiological studies of verbal phenomena, describing approaches aimed at studying their mechanisms; offers a behavioral scheme for the formation of meaningful behavior - from its origin in infancy to its implementation in older age. The book contains three logically connected parts – Background on psychological and psycholinguistic studies of words; The origin and development of the phenomenon of meaningfulness; Language and word creation. The content of each part leads to the perception of increasingly information presented in the next chapter. The logical conclusion of the author’s many years of research is the concept of language, which is new in linguistics, outlined in the book. The book is interesting for specialists in various fields of knowledge - philologists, linguists, psychologists, psychophysiologists, philosophers.
The Virtual Identity Status: The Concept and Inventory (VISI)
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Klementyeva Marina
Published: May 2024

The objective of the study was to develop and test the methodology to assess virtual identity statuses: identity achieved, moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion. The digital image, mediated by technologies and self-simulated, refers to the virtual identity, but the basis of its psychological mechanism remains unknown. The psychological scientists study the impact of digital experiences on virtual identity, yet no research has been conducted to date that captures the statuses this complex entity. Our study of the virtual identity statuses draws on E. Erikson's conceptualizations of the identity development and provisions of cultural-historical theory. This study applies an originally designed Virtual Identity Status Inventory (VISI). The study also measured: the five broad personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism) and self-determination. The sample comprised 350 students (age range 17 to 25 years; 44.3% men). For data processing, confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach coefficient alpha, Pear son’s r-test, and Student's t-test were applied in the SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21 programs. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 2-factor structure of the inventory, formed by the scales “In-Depth Exploration” and “Meaningfulness of Commitment” (χ2/df = 1.17; p = .08; RMSEA = .07; CFI = .93). We modeled these variables into 4 quadrants formed by a 2-axis circumflex integration of scales in 4 virtual identity statuses. We found that male students, who were open to new experiences and high in self-determination, significantly often demonstrated an achieved virtual identity (p < .01). The status of virtual identity was relatively stable during 2 months (φ* = .21). Thus, the VISI is reliable and valid, and can be used as a tool for solving theoretical, empirical, and experimental problems related to identity development in digital space.
Mullerianosis of the urinary bladder: A great mimicker
Authors: Kavita Mardi , Supriya Verma
Published: May 2024

Mullerianosis is a rare benign lesion consisting of an admixture of two or more of the following tissues: endometriosis, endocervicosis, and endosalpingiosis. It most commonly affects the urinary bladder and females of reproductive age group. Müllerianosis of the bladder is an extremely rare entity with fewer than 30 cases reported. Herein we report one such rare case of mullerianosis of the urinary bladder in a 33-year-old female who had undergone cesarian section 2 years back, presented with painless hematuria associated with menstruation. USG revealed a soft tissue lesion measuring 23×11 mm abutting the wall of the urinary bladder and extending into it. These findings were suspicious for endometriosis. The patient was admitted to the hospital for transurethral resection of a bladder lesion (TURBT). Operative findings revealed a solid 2x2 cm mass in the posterior wall of the urinary bladder. Superficial and deep TURBT chips were sent for histopathological examination. On microscopic examination, there were variable-sized glands lined by endometrial, endocervical, or tubal epithelium embedded in the bladder wall. The case was diagnosed as mullerianosis of the urinary bladder. As this rare entity, since it mimics benign and malignant neoplasms clinically and radiologically, pathologists should be aware of this rare entity to avoid misdiagnosis, which has great therapeutic implications for the patient.
Predicting Lung Cancer with K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN): A Computational Approach
Authors:   Reserach scholar, Pacific University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, Moon Kapila , Jetawat Ashok
Published: May 2024

Background: This study introduces a prediction system for lung cancer that uses the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm, one of the most important cancer-related diseases worldwide. Early detection and prediction can significantly improve survival rates. This study is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Objective: This study aims to develop a prediction system for lung cancer utilizing the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm, addressing the critical need for early detection in combating one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Method: Leveraging a dataset comprising 10,000 patient records encompassing demographics, medical history, and radiographic features, we conducted preprocessing and normalization before training, validating, and testing the KNN model. Optimal parameter selection facilitated the achievement of a 95% accuracy rate in predicting lung cancer, highlighting the efficacy of KNN in this context. Findings: Our study underscores the potential of machine learning, specifically KNN, in enhancing medical diagnostics. By integrating machine learning techniques into medical practice, we can facilitate early detection and prompt intervention, thereby potentially improving patient outcomes. Novelty: This research contributes to the ongoing integration of machine learning into medical diagnostics, particularly in the realm of cancer prediction. Our findings demonstrate the utility of KNN in accurately predicting lung cancer, thereby offering a promising avenue for enhancing early detection strategies. Result and Discussion: The effectively demonstrate the potential of the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm in achieving a remarkable accuracy rate of 95.0% in predicting lung cancer, as evidenced by rigorous preprocessing and optimization of a dataset comprising 10,000 patient records. The integration of machine learning techniques, exemplified by the KNN algorithm, holds significant promise for improving early detection and subsequent treatment outcomes in lung cancer. By leveraging large datasets and advanced algorithms, we can pave the way for more effective diagnostic tools in combating this devastating disease. Keywords: K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), Lung cancer detection, Medical imaging, Early diagnosis, Machine learning, Patient outcomes
On Distance Average Degree Independent Resolving Sets of Some Algebraic Graphs
Authors:   Research Scholar (Reg. No. 20212012092006), A. P. C. Mahalaxmi College for Women, Thoothukudi, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abhishekapatti, Tirunelveli, 627012, Tamil Nadu, India, Sakthi K Aruna , Rajeswari R
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This study introduces the concept of distance average degree independent resolving sets and its dimensions for identity graphs of finite groups and order prime graphs of finite groups as a theorem in detail. Methods: The methodology involves first constructing the subset from the given graph, then finding the distance between each and every vertice of the graph and the subset, and also finding the average of the distance such that each and every vertice should receive a distinct code. The minimum number of vertices that satisfy this condition, their cardinality, is called the dimension. And then check various conditions like adjacency, equitability, independence, etc. in order to find various types of dimensions for the considered graphs. Findings: In this article, the concept of distance average degree resolving sets has been found, and further distance average degree independent resolving sets have been found, with their corresponding dimensions also found for algebraic graphs like identity graphs of finite groups and order prime graphs of finite groups. Novelty: The novelty in this article is the concept of distance-average-degree independent resolving sets. Particularly, this concept has been applied to the algebraic graphs, namely the identity graph and the order prime graph of a finite group. In addition to that, the concept of distance has been added to this resolving sets area, which is totally new to this area of graph theory. AMS Subject Classification: 05C12, 05C50. Keywords: Resolving set, Independent set, Distance average degree independent resolving set, Identity graphs, Order prime graphs
Application of Multiple Linear Regression Analysis in Ergonomics Study for Public Institution Seat W idth
Authors:   Department of Forest Resources Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, Adu Sylvia , Adu George , Antwi Kwaku , Appiah-Yeboah Joseph
Published: May 2024

Objectives: To determine minimum seat width of comfortable seating for adult population, using multiple linear regression analysis on chair leg thickness, chair leg width, chair apron width, and knee height. Methods: Dimensions of three (3) factors were recorded using 310 adult workers. Multiple linear regression was used for statistical analysis for understanding how multiple factors (like chair leg thickness, chair leg width, chair apron width, and knee height) influence a single outcome to enhance comfortable seating. The collected data (chair leg thickness, chair leg width, chair apron width, and knee height) was analysed with the help of the analysis tool. Findings: The analysis used four predictors (knee height, chair leg thickness, chair leg width, and chair apron width) to obtain one predicted variable (seat width) to achieve comfortable seating based on these measurements. Subsequently, a moderate correlation existed between predictors and predicted variables, while correlations between predictors were less than 0.7 for them to be retained in the model. The coefficient of determination ( ) is 0.3003, indicating that 30.03% of the variance in predictors could be explained by seat width. Based on the comfort assessment and analysis results, required widths that ensure comfortable seating for the target population can be recommended in public institutions. Overall, this research has the potential to improve public health, comfort, and productivity by creating data-driven design standards for seating in public institutions. Novelty: The study focused on elderly workers who patronise this furniture in the administration block of public institutions. Keywords: Multiple linear regression, Ergonomics, Knee height, Chair component dimensions, Seat width
Evaluation of Basic Shirt and Pant Fit Using Analytic Hierarchy Process-AHP and 3D CLO for 20-25 Years Bangladeshi Men
Authors:   Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia, Nizam Md. Eanamul Haque , Rasel Md. Moniruzzaman , Ujevic Darko , Khan Ayub Nabi , Islam Tarikul
Published: May 2024

Background: The proportion of a garment to its body is known as garment fit. To ensure comfort between the human body and clothing, fit is very important. At present, 3D simulation of garment fit has great potential for business purposes. However, in previous analyses, there were expert opinions on manual fit analysis, which is very popular in the industry. Objectives: The main objectives of this research are to ensure manual clothing fits with a live model with 3D CLO software evaluation. Method: In this study, up to 50 textile experts from industries have chosen to analyze the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate clothing fit. Findings: In this study, small, medium, and large-sized basic shirts and pants (20–25 years old) have been developed for live model fit evaluation. According to the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), among small, medium, and large-sized basic shirts and pants, one or two sizes of garments have been tested for garment fit evaluations. The results of these fit evaluations are satisfactory, according to 50 textile experts, and are the main output of the 3D CLO software. Novelty: The analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is fully adopted by the Bangladeshi newly developed size chart, which is enhanced by the 3D CLO software. Keywords: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), 3D CLO, Shirts, Pant, Garments, Bangladesh
Formation of Repetitive Group Sampling Plan for Life Tests Based on Percentiles using Odd Frechet Inverse Rayleigh Distribution
Authors:   Guest Lecturer, BJCSI College, Mulayara, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Krishna P K Neena , Jayalakshmi S
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This paper presents the idea of Repetitive Group Sampling Plans using Odd Frechet Inverse Rayleigh Distribution, when the life test is truncated at a pre-specified time. The main objective of the proposed sampling plan is to minimize the sample size because the analogous inspection time and inspection cost will be reduced. Methods: A truncated life test may be conducted to evaluate the smallest sample size to insure certain percentile lifetime of products. The minimum sample size and its ratio for the specified lifetime percentile were derived for the producer’s risk. The operating characteristic values are also obtained for the proposed sampling plan. The corresponding table values are obtained through Monto Carlo Simulation technique. Findings: The results from the sampling plan developed in this research can easily be adaptable in practical situation with small sample sizes and fewer experimental times and hence the plan yields a better result for reliability sampling plan. Novelty: The work designed and developed with the aim that sampling plan in this paper may be helpful for the engineers and statistical plan developers in the field of statistical quality control especially in attribute reliability sampling plan. The tables are generated which is useful for both producer and consumer. This plan can highly recommendable since the products are randomly sampled and also the procedure for sampling involves less experiment time and with minimum sample size. Keywords: Odd Frechet Inverse Rayleigh Distribution, Percentiles, Repetitive Group Sampling Plan (RGS), Producer’s risk
Light microscopy-based neuron tracing and reconstruction v1
Authors: Villalba Rosa , Wichmann Thomas , Smith Yoland
Published: May 2024

This protocol details the term ‘neuron reconstruction’ is used here to refer to the process of delineating the different components of neurons (soma, axon, dendrites, and dendritic spines) using light microscopy, to create a geometric model of these cells for subsequent quantitative analyses of aspects of their morphology.
A Critical Discourse on Self Discovery in Alice Walker’s Now Is the Time to Open Your Heart and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah
Authors: Ngwaba Ijeoma Ann , Akinwumi Olutola , Larayetan Segun , Ibeku Chiemela Imelda
Published: May 2024

Alice Walker and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie are renowned female writers from different backgrounds, countries and as such, different ideologies. They share a lot in common as their novels revolve around women, their struggles, challenges and experiences in life. Alice Walker concentrates on African-American women while Adichie focuses on the experiences of Africans, especially women who left the shores of Africa to the western world, their struggles, challenges encountered for being black and being a woman which Bell Hooks regards as “double tragedy”. This study is a comparative analysis of the self discovery in their novels: Now is the time to open your Heart by Alice Walker and Americanah by Chimamanda Adichie. It examines how the female protagonists: Kate and Ifemelu re-discover themselves and carve out a niche for themselves despite the challenges they face in their various journey in life. This study attempts to disabuse the minds of those who believe that women should be regarded as objects to be played with; rather they are subjects as could be ascertained from the lives of the characters, especially, the protagonists. Effort will be made to examine their pitiable experience which ranges from racism, segregation, humiliation and exploitation. Womanist and Post-colonial theories have been employed in this study to ostensibly facilitate a link between the experiences of Africans in Diaspora and the American system of government.
Expressing Gender Opposition in Kazakh Proverbs Through Metaphor
Authors: Ramanova Aigul A. , Umatova Zhanna M. , Abdulmanov Altynbek A. , Uabiyeva Assima A. , Kurmanova Zhanara B. , Zhumasheva Kamshat B. , Kussainova Dina Zh.
Published: May 2024

Despite the growing interest in gender differences reflected in proverbs, little attention has been paid to binary oppositions in the proverbial discourse. The paper aims to explore metaphorical gender representations in Kazakh proverbs. It focuses on how the gender oppositions in proverbs reflect the socio-cultural perceptions of gender relations in the Kazakh culture, and what new information about gender can be gained from the study of gender oppositions in proverbs. The research material was drawn from the dictionary The Ancestors' Words by purposive sampling. The study used a qualitative research design and focused on proverbs based on binary gender oppositions involving man- and woman-specific social actors. The cognitive representations of gender oppositions were examined using the Conceptual Metaphor Theory. As a result, proverbs containing binary gender oppositions are shown to reflect a typical patriarchal worldview based on the image of a man as a provider for the family, warrior and defender possessing physical strength and higher social status, and the image of a woman as a guardian of the family hearth having a subordinate status. At the same time, they reveal the complementarity of the metaphorically expressed male and female binary oppositions. Thus, gender metaphors placed in opposition in proverbs highlight the multifacetedness of gender relations in the Kazakh family and society and the inseparability and importance of both genders in the family union. The paper suggests a fresh line of investigation into the metaphorical meaning of proverbs based on binary oppositions.
Kebolehterimaan Keterangan Anjing Pengesan di Amerika Syarikat
Authors: Brendan Kung Kevin , Rajamanickam Ramalinggam , Md. Said Muhammad Helmi
Published: May 2024

Dengan teknologi yang semakin maju sepantas kilat, teknik penyiasatan forensik yang baharu telah dibangunkan. Walau bagaimanapun, beberapa sabitan dalam kes jenayah masih bergantung pada teknik lama dan tradisional, seperti penggunaan anjing pengesan atau K-9. Umum mengetahui bahawa, anjing ialah haiwan yang pintar dan mempunyai deria bau yang tajam. Pada awalnya, mahkamah di Amerika Syarikat teragak-agak untuk menerima keterangan anjing pengesan dan telah meluahkan kebimbangan, khususnya apabila anjing membuat inferens. Namun, keterangan anjing pengesan telah diterima oleh mahkamah di Amerika Syarikat sejak satu abad yang lalu. Memandangkan anjing tidak boleh masuk ke kandang saksi untuk memberikan keterangan di mahkamah, pengendali anjing dibenarkan untuk memberikan keterangan bagi anjingnya berhubungan dengan penjejakan dan pengesanan. Mahkamah di bidang kuasa lain telah menganggap pengendali anjing sebagai saksi pakar. Hal ini menyebabkan pendapat mereka boleh diterima sebagai keterangan pakar. Artikel ini mengupas isu berkaitan dengan penggunaan anjing pengesan oleh agensi penguatkuasaan undang-undang di Amerika Syarikat. Selain itu, artikel ini juga membincangkan kebolehterimaan keterangan anjing pengesan oleh mahkamah di Amerika Syarikat. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah deskriptif, doktrinal, analitis dan preskriptif kerana keputusan kes, jurnal dan buku berkaitan dengan keterangan anjing pengesan dianalisis.
Prosedur Rayuan Mal di Mahkamah Syariah: Analisis Dari Sudut Undang-Undang dan Hukum Syarak
Authors: Hakim Ibakarim Mohd Afizul , Mohd Awal Noor Aziah , Samuri Mohd Al Adib
Published: May 2024

Rayuan merupakan salah satu prosedur yang terdapat di dalam statut tatacara mal di Mahkamah Syariah di semua negeri di Malaysia. Prosedur rayuan sesuai dilaksanakan bagi pihak yang terkilan dengan keputusan mahkamah. Walau bagaimanapun, persoalan sejauh mana perbezaan bidang kuasa mendengar rayuan di mahkamah syariah dan penerimaan syarak terhadap prosedur rayuan di dalam statut tatacara mal di Mahkamah Syariah adalah sesuatu yang wajar dibincangkan. Penulisan ini menjelaskan perbezaan bidang kuasa mendengar rayuan di mahkamah syariah dan menganalisis peruntukan prosedur rayuan yang bersesuaian dengan hukum syarak. Penulisan ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kepustakaan dan perundangan tulen bagi mengumpulkan data untuk dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis kandungan. Kajian menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan bidang kuasa mendengar rayuan Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah dan Mahkamah Rayuan Syariah di dalam Akta Pentadbiran Undang-Undang Islam (Wilayah-Wilayah Persekutuan) 1993 dan Enakmen Mahkamah Syariah (Perak) 2018. Selain itu, setiap prosedur rayuan di dalam statut tatacara mal di Mahkamah Syariah mempunyai asas syarak. Penulisan ini juga menunjukan kepentingan memahami perbezaan bidang kuasa mendengar rayuan dan penerimaan syarak bagi setiap prosedur rayuan untuk pengamal undang-undang Syariah di Malaysia.
Being an Ethnic Minority: Belonging Uncertainty of People Without a Migration Background
Authors: Kraus Lisa-Marie , Keskiner Elif , Crul Maurice
Published: May 2024

We delve into the implications of the national ethnic majority being a minority in local settings by examining their daily experiences when they find themselves outnumbered by other ethnic groups in their neighbourhood. Drawing on the theory of “belonging uncertainty,” this article explores the variety of ways in which people without a migration background cope with such situations. Belonging uncertainty is the feeling that “people like me do not belong here.” Based on in‐depth interviews (n = 20) conducted in ethnically diverse neighbourhoods in Vienna, we argue that the experience of belonging uncertainty results in two different coping strategies: avoidance of spaces numerically dominated by another ethnic group or learning to overcome belonging uncertainty. Some people without a migration background often perceive spaces where another ethnicity is the numerical majority as exclusionary, even if they are not explicitly excluded, and accordingly, they avoid such contexts. Others develop strategies that allow them to establish a feeling of belonging in spaces where they initially experienced belonging uncertainty. As such, some individuals overcome the feeling of belonging uncertainty.
The Integration Into Diversity Paradox: Positive Attitudes Towards Diversity While Self‐Segregating in Practice
Authors: Crul Maurice , Kraus Lisa-Marie , Lelie Frans
Published: May 2024

More and more people without a migration background are living in neighborhoods in large Western European cities where they form a numerical minority. This raises a new research question: Are they integrated in such diverse city contexts or do they live a segregated life? We developed the integration into diversity (ID) matrix to distinguish nine “integration into diversity positions” based on people’s positive or negative attitudes towards diversity together with the ethnic composition of their friendship groups. Using the data from the recent Becoming a Minority (BaM) project we found ID positions that are each other’s opposites, a number of positions that are in‐between, and two seemingly paradoxical positions. In this article, we will concentrate on one of these paradoxical positions: people who display positive attitudes towards diversity but do not have a mixed friendship group. This is one of the largest groups in our sample. Apparently, mixing does not happen by itself. Through quantitative and qualitative data, we explore how this ID paradox can be resolved. We found that for interethnic contact to take place among this group, there needs to be a structured activity in place. This can be a mixed social activity, a mixed sports team, the mixed school of their children, or a mixed working place. What these all have in common is that the mixing is organized and the expectations and rules of engagement are clear.
THE EVOLUTION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF SINGAPOREAND THE MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tezbir R.
Published: May 2024

The author made an attempt to comprehensively analyze the relations between the Republic of Singapore and the GCC countries. The article describes the reasons for the countries' mutual interest in deepening cooperation and the main spheres of interaction between them. Specific measures and projects undertaken by the Singapore government to intensify cooperation with the Persian Gulf states also are examined. Particular attention is paid to the collaboration of the countries in a multilateral format within the AMED.
THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE USSR IN THE YEARS OF «PERESTROIKA»
Authors:   Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, Uman, Ukraine, Svyaschenko Zinaida
Published: May 2024

The article examines the process of slow convergence of the USSR during the years of «perestroika» with the European Community, attempts have been made to determine the reasons for the gradual convergence. The purpose of the study is to characterize the place of the European Community in the foreign policy of the USSR during the years of “perestroika” in the context of the concept of «new thinking». It is noted, that the plans for the creation of the internal market of the European Community countries were met with deep concern in the USSR and other countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. It was they who pushed for more decisive actions and played their role in changing the position regarding the EEC. The economic and political transformations of the second half of the 1980s, which were actively carried out in the USSR, met with approval in Europe. It is emphasized, that the economic factor became a new element of policy regarding the EEC during the Gorbachev period. According to the tradition that developed before this, political and military aspects of the process were taken into account the most. The conclusion of the Agreement on trade and economic cooperation with the EEC was the logical consequence of such a change. Economic cooperation with the EEC was included in the foreign policy priorities. It is concluded, that during the period of «perestroika» the relations of the USSR with the European Community underwent drastic changes. These changes were influenced by a number of factors, among which the most important were the ratification of the Single European Act and the development of the EEC program of the single internal market until 1992. The Community’s concrete assistance to M. Gorbachev’s «perestroika» had an undeniable influence on the position regarding the EEC. Another important change, as a result of which the signing of the agreement with the EEC became possible, was a radical rethinking of the concept of interdependence. It happened gradually from ascertaining the development of the processes of internationalization and integration to the recognition of the fact of interdependence between states of different social systems. Only during the period of perestroika did it become possible to conclude the desirability of interdependence as a factor that stabilizes international relations. However, all these changes in approaches were primarily characteristic of a rather narrow circle of politicians. At the same time, they helped to change the official position. It was these factors that pushed M. Gorbachev to develop the idea of a «common European home», which became a component of the concept of «new thinking» in the foreign policy of the USSR.