bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value and Underlying Mechanism of Autophagy-related Genes in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Peng Shiyuan , Ma Shanjin , Yang Fa , Xu Chao , Li Hongji , Lu Shiqi , Zhang Jingliang , Jiao Jianhua , Han Donghui , Shi Changhong , Zhang Rui , Yang An-Gang , Zhang Keying , Wen Weihong , Qin Weijun
Published: October 2021

Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignancy whose early diagnosis can ensure a better prognosis. However, the predictive accuracy of commonly used predictors, including patients’ general condition, histological grade, and pathological stage, is insufficient to identify the patients who need invasive treatment. Autophagy is regarded as a vital factor in maintaining mitochondrial function and energy homeostasis in cancer cells. Whether autophagy-related genes (ARGs) can predict the prognosis of BLCA patients deserves to be investigated. Based on BLCA data retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ARGs list obtained from the Human Autophagy Database (HADb) website, we identified prognosis-related differentially expressed ARGs (PDEARGs) through Wilcox text and constructed a PDEARGs-based prognostic model through multivariate Cox regression analysis. The predictive accuracy, independent forecasting capability, and the correlation between present model and clinical variables or tumor microenvironment (TME) were evaluated through R software. Enrichment analysis of PDEARGs was performed to explore the underlying mechanism, and a systematic prognostic signature with nomogram was constructed by integrating clinical variables and the aforementioned PDEARGs-based model. We found that the risk score generated by PDEARGs-based model could effectively reflect deteriorated clinical variables and tumor-promoting microenvironment. Additionally, several immune-related gene ontology (GO) terms were significantly enriched by PDEARGs, which might provide insights for present model and propose potential therapeutic targets for BLCA patients. Finally, a systematic prognostic signature with promoted clinical utility and predictive accuracy was constructed to assist clinician decision. PDEARGs are valuable prognostic predictors and potential therapeutic targets for BLCA patients.
Prognostic Value of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancer - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cui Xue , Weng Yiming , Feng Jia , Jin Yao , Xu Zexi , Wang Peiwei , Ruan Peng , Luo Ruijun , Luo Pengcheng , Peng Min
Published: October 2021

Background: Some studies have found that immune cell spatial structures, also known as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), may have prognostic value in cancer. However, these studies all had insufficient sample sizes and inconsistent conclusions. To overcome these problems and draw conclusions, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the prognostic impact of TLSs in cancer.Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched to identify eligible articles published before April 2021. Two authors assessed each record, ensuring that the PICOS framework was met, and risk of bias on the study level was assessed using the Cochrane Bias Risk Assessment Tool. We then performed a meta-analysis using Review Manager 5.3 program to obtain a comprehensive estimate of the prognostic role of TLSs. Results: In total, 28 studies were included in our analysis. We found that in comparison to cancer patients with low TLSs levels, those with high TLSs levels had a better overall survival (OS, hazard ratio [HR]: 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40-0.57, p<0.00001) and disease-free survival (DFS, HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.42-0.63, p<0.00001). Surprisingly, after receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy, cancer patients with high TLSs levels also had a better OS (HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.16-0.48; p<0.00001). Furthermore, our subgroup analysis showed that the density of DC-Lamp+ dendritic cells (DCs) and CD20+ B cells in TLSs represented better clinical outcomes.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first meta-analysis to show the significant prognostic value of TLSs in cancer, to date. Moreover, TLSs are expected to be a potential marker for predicting anti-tumor immune response, which may help clinicians to select patients with cancer who are sensitive to immunotherapy. In addition to their concentration, TLSs components also had strong prognostic value. In particular, the study may provide a novel therapeutic target for patients with cancer and provide a new theoretical basis for future research on tumor immunotherapy.
Evaluation and Experience in the Treatment of Coronal Plane Elbow Fractures via the Anterior Approach
Authors: Jia Qiyu , Li Xiangxiang , Zhan Jing , Chen Dongsheng , Liu Kai , Wang Yingbo , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang , Ma Chuang
Published: October 2021

Background: The existing approaches to treating elbow fractures include anterior, external, internal, and posterior approaches. Of these, the anterior approach is often not chosen by surgeons to avoid damaging important nerves and blood vessels. In fact, the anterior approach has unique advantages. The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes in 38 patients with coronal plane elbow fractures treated through the anterior approach.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 38 cases of coronal plane elbow fractures treated through an anterior approach at our institution between March 2015 and July 2019. The length of the surgical incision, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications were recorded. The range of flexion, extension, and rotation of the affected elbow and the healthy elbow were collected at follow-up. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Function Score (MEPS).Results: All 38 patients were followed up. At the final follow-up, solid osseous union was confirmed for all coronal plane elbow fractures. The mean elbow flexion arc was 129.26 ± 6.9 degrees, and the extension arc was 8.87 ± 6.13 degrees. The mean pronation arc was 83.45 ± 2.9 degrees, and the supination arc was 80.05 ± 2.92 degrees. The mean MEPS was 90.0±7.53 points, with 18 excellent cases and 20 good cases. There was no significant difference in elbow extension, flexion, and pronation between 31 cases of single fracture and the healthy elbow (P > 0.05); the arc of supination was slightly worse than that of the healthy elbow (P < 0.05). The VAS pain scores of the patients before the operation, three months after the operation, and during follow-up were compared. The pain of the patients was significantly reduced after treatment (P < 0.05). Two patients experienced transient postoperative median nerve paralysis, from which they recovered within three months. One patient had mild heterotopic ossification and was not treated because it did not affect the function of the elbow joint. All patients returned to work and were satisfied with the treatment.Conclusion: The anterior approach has the benefits of simplicity, safety, minimal invasion, excellent exposure, and satisfactory prognosis for coronal plane elbow fracture.
A unique adipocyte progenitor population promotes age-related adiposity
Authors: Wang Qiong , Wang Guan , Li Gaoyan , Song Anying , Dai Wenting , Shamlin Nicholas , Qin Hanjun , Medrano Leonard , Dow Joan , Li Aimin , Brown Lucy , Armstrong Brian , Fueger Patrick , Campisi Judith , Wu Xiwei , Jiang Lei , Yang Xia
Published: October 2021

The average fat mass in adults increases dramatically with age, and older people often suffer from visceral obesity and related adverse metabolic disorders. Unfortunately, how aging leads to fat accumulation is poorly understood. It is known that fat cell (adipocyte) turnover is very low in young mice, similar to that in young humans. Here, we find that mice mimic age-related fat expansion in humans. In vivo lineage tracing shows that massive adipogenesis (the generation of new adipocytes), especially in the visceral fat, is triggered during aging. Thus, in contrast to most types of adult stem cells that exhibit a reduced ability to proliferate and differentiate, the adipogenic potential of adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) is unlocked by aging. In vivo transplantation and 3D imaging of transplants show that APCs in aged mice cell-autonomously gain high adipogenic capacity. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses reveal that aging globally remodels APCs. Herein, we identify a novel committed preadipocyte population that is age-specific (CP-A), existing both in mice and humans, with a global activation of proliferation and adipogenesis pathways. CP-A cells display high proliferation and adipogenesis activity, both in vivo and in vitro. Macrophages may regulate the remodeling of APCs and the generation of CP-A cells during aging. Together, these findings define a new fundamental mechanism involved in fat tissue aging and offer prospects for preventing and treating age-related metabolic disorders.
Trachyspermum Leaves Extract as a Green Inhibitor for Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 0.1m HCl: Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Jafari Niloofar , Ahmadi Sayed Ali , Razavi Razieh
Published: October 2021

The present study aims at investigating the impacts of the extract of Trachyspermum leaves on the mild steel corrosion in 0.1M hydrochloric acid (HCl), while highlighting its inhibitory mechanisms. The effects of mild steel corrosion in solutions of HCl were examined using the gravimetric and galvanostatic polarization techniques, along with EIS analyses. According to the results, the maximum inhibitory effectiveness corresponding to the minimum corrosion rate could be observed at the highest desirable level of inhibitor concentration equal to 100 ppm, while the corrosion rate decreases with an increase in the extract concentration. The absorption examinations indicated the best description of the metal surface interaction by Langmuir isotherm, while obtaining the best exposure time for the Trachyspermum leaves extract adsorption into the surface of the metal in different concentration. Based on the results of polarization, the inhibitors can play the role of a mixed inhibitor, also confirmed by the computational data.
HIV-1 Vif up-regulates the expression of Tat via AKT Signaling pathway: Role of deubiquitinase USP17 and NQO1
Authors: Lata Sneh , Sood Vikas , Banerjea Akhil
Published: October 2021

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) has a small RNA genome and depends on host cellular machinery for most of its activities. Host cellular proteins modulate the expression and activity of viral proteins to combat the virus. HIV-1 proteins are known to regulate each other for the benefit of virus by exploiting these modulations. Here, we report that HIV-1 Vif increases the expression of Tat via AKT signaling pathway. We show that HIV-1 Vif activates AKT signaling pathway by inducing phosphorylation of AKT. Mdm2, downstream target of AKT signaling, increases the expression of Tat protein in ubiquitin-independent manner by up-regulating NQO1 as well as in ubiquitin-dependent manner by inducing the expression levels of USP17 which is a deubiquitinase (DUB) and stabilizes Tat protein. Thus, HIV-1 proteins exploit AKT signaling pathway to escape host restriction factors and promote viral replication.
Las TIC en las aulas hospitalarias. Diseño de un repositorio de contenidos web para la Asociación INeDITHOS
Authors: Tena Gil Vanessa , Salinas Ibáñez Jesús María
Published: October 2021

Este estudio analiza las nuevas tecnologías, TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación), como recurso didáctico en las escuelas hospitalarias. Se parte de una breve introducción sobre el derecho a la educación y su relación con la educación inclusiva, pasando por analizar la labor de la pedagogía hospitalaria y las aulas hospitalarias con los niños y adolescentes que se encuentran hospitalizados durante largos periodos de tiempo por enfermedad. Se profundiza en el uso de las TIC como herramienta de trabajo en las aulas hospitalarias, con sus potencialidades y problemas. Se indaga sobre algunas experiencias llevadas a cabo en España y sus planteamientos concretos para trabajar con las TIC en las aulas hospitalarias, así como la labor que realiza la Asociación INeDITHOS.

Esta fundamentación teórica permite esbozar una investigación cualitativa a través de un estudio de caso, que se encargará de evaluar un proyecto llevado a cabo con la Asociación INeDITHOS. Un repositorio de contenidos creado con la plataforma Symbaloo para el uso de los voluntarios de la asociación. Diferentes profesionales de la educación evalúan la plataforma a través de un cuestionario abierto que completará dicha investigación obteniendo una serie de resultados. Finalmente, se alcanzan los objetivos iniciales.
Creación de material de sensibilización sobre las enfermedades raras (ER) dirigido a la comunidad docente
Authors: Alfaro Consuegra Alma
Published: October 2021

En este artículo se presenta el proceso seguido para la creación de material de sensibilización sobre las ER dirigido a la comunidad docente para cubrir una necesidad: los docentes, a menudo, desconocen qué son las enfermedades raras (ER), con lo cual no siempre se adaptan a las necesidades de los alumnos y alumnas que padecen una. Con este fin, se realizó un estudio de necesidades del profesorado entorno a las ER, una investigación de corte cuantitativa, basada en un cuestionario. Se analizaron los resultados comparándolos con datos obtenidos mediante revisiones bibliográficas sobre este tema. Se diseñó la estrategia de sensibilización mediante recursos tecnológicos, considerando los resultados del cuestionario, que se basa en tres infografías interactivas que se incluyen en un blog para poder realizar la difusión de cada entrada mediante las redes sociales del Proyecto INeDITHOS. Se presenta el proceso seguido para diseñar, elaborar y validar el material elaborado así como una descripción de los resultados obtenidos.
De qué hablamos cuando hablamos de pedagogía hospitalaria
Authors: Lizasoain Olga
Published: October 2021

Partiendo del hecho incontestable de que una enfermedad en la infancia significa una experiencia desconcertante para toda la familia, el presente artículo se centra en destacar el rol que puede jugar la Pedagogía Hospitalaria (PH) en este proceso. Así, se abordan en primer lugar, los principales impactos que sobre el núcleo familiar causa el diagnóstico de una enfermedad grave en la etapa infanto juvenil. En segundo lugar, desde el concepto de PH, se ofrecen un conjunto de estrategias de intervención educativa como respuestas para mitigar esos efectos negativos y perseguir una mejor adaptación del paciente.
Functional Connectivity Alterations Based on the Weighted Phase Lag Index: An Exploratory Electroencephalography Study on Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Yan Yi , Zhao Aonan , Ying Weina , Qiu Yinghui , Ding Yanfei , Wang Ying , Xu Wei , Deng Yulei
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

Numerous electroencephalography (EEG) studies focus on the alteration of
electrical activity in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), but there are no consistent results especially
regarding functional connectivity. We supposed that the weighted Phase Lag Index (w-
PLI), as phase-based measures of functional connectivity, may be used as an auxiliary diagnostic
method for AD.

Methods:

We enrolled 30 patients with AD, 30 patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI),
and 30 Healthy Controls (HC). EEGs were recorded in all participants at baseline during relaxed
wakefulness. Following EEG preprocessing, Power Spectral Density (PSD) and wPLI parameters
were determined to further analyze whether they were correlated to cognitive scores.

Results:

In the patients with AD, the increased PSD in theta band was presented compared with
MCI and HC groups, which was associated with disturbances of the directional, computational, and
delayed memory capacity. Furthermore, the wPLI revealed a distinctly lower connection strength
between frontal and distant areas in the delta band and a higher connection strength of the central
and temporo-occipital region in the theta band for AD patients. Moreover,we found a significant
negative correlation between theta functional connectivity and cognitive scores.

Conclusions:

Increased theta PSD and decreased delta wPLI may be one of the earliest changes in
AD and associated with disease severity. The parameter wPLI is a novel measurement of phase
synchronization and has potentials in understanding underlying functional connectivity and aiding
in the diagnostics of AD.
Clinical, Neuropsychological, and Neuroimaging Characteristics of Amyloid- positive vs. Amyloid-negative Patients with Clinically Diagnosed Alzheimer’s Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Wang Yue , Lou Fanghua , Li Yonggang , Liu Fang , Wang Ying , Cai Li , Gordon Marc L. , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Nan
Published: October 2021

Background:

A significant proportion of patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s
Disease (AD) and an even higher proportion of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment
(aMCI) do not show evidence of amyloid deposition on Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
with amyloid-binding tracers such as 11C-labeled Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB).

Objective:

This study aimed to identify clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging factors that
might suggest amyloid neuropathology in patients with clinically suspected AD or aMCI.

Methods:

Forty patients with mild to moderate AD and 23 patients with aMCI who were clinically
diagnosed in our memory clinic and had PiB PET scans were included. Clinical, neuropsychological,
and imaging characteristics, such as Medial Temporal lobe Atrophy (MTA) and White Matter
Hyperintensities (WMH) on MRI and metabolic pattern on 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)
PET, were compared between patients with PiB positive and negative PET results for AD, aMCI,
and all subjects combined, respectively.

Results:

Compared with PiB positive patients, PiB negative patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension
history, better performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Rey Auditory
Verbal Learning Test, and the Judgement of Line Orientation, lower score of MTA, and were less
likely to have temporoparietal-predominant hypometabolism on FDG PET. Affective symptoms
were less common in PiB negative patients diagnosed with AD, and the Animal Fluency Test score
was higher in PiB negative patients diagnosed with aMCI.

Conclusion:

In patients with clinically diagnosed AD or aMCI, absence of a history of hypertension,
deficits in verbal learning and memory, visuospatial function, semantic verbal fluency, presence
of affective symptoms, MTA on MRI, and temporoparietal hypometabolism on FDG PET
suggested amyloid deposition in the brain.
Design, Synthesis and In vitroCytotoxic Evaluation of Novel Hybrids of
Artemisinin and Quinazolinone
Authors: Vu Tran Khac , Nguyen Bach Xuan , Duy Linh Nguyen Pham , Truong Thuc Bao Nguyen , Phung Anh Tuan , Phuong Nguyen Thi Bich , Van Tran Thi Hai , Vu Thi Xuan
Published: October 2021

Background:

In this study, two novel hybrid series of artemisinin and quinazolinones
were synthesized and evaluated in vitro cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines, including
SKLu-1 (lung cancer), MCF- 7 (breast cancer). The bio-assay results indicated that most of
the target compounds exhibited cytotoxic activities against both human cancer cell lines tested
and seemed to be more cytotoxic toward the breast (MCF-7) cancer cells than lung (SKLu-1)
cancer cells. Among the synthesized artemisinin hybrids, the compound 13d containing a
quinazolinone conjugated system exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity against the SKLu-1 and
MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.62 and 0.77 μM, respectively.

Objective:

This study aims at developing novel hybrids of artemisinin and quinazolinones as anticancer
agents.

Method:

A series of novel hybrids were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for cytotoxicity
against two human cancer cell lines, including SKLu-1 and MCF-7, using the SRB method.

Results:

All thirteen hybrids of artemisinin with quinazolinone exhibited cytotoxic activity
against two tested cancer cell lines, in which the compound 13d exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity
against the SKLu-1 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.62 and 0.77 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:

The research results suggest that some compounds could be considered as leads for
future design of hybrids and have the potential for further studies in the field of anti-cancer agent
development.
Copper-Catalyzed Ultrasonic-Promoted Coupling of Acetylene Analogs,
Dialkyl azo dicarboxylate, and Benzazoles to Assemble Tricyclic Fused-
Ring [1,2,3]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzazole Analogs
Authors: Nematpour Manijeh , Karimi Nafiseh , Mahboubi-Rabbani Mohammad
Published: October 2021

:

An unprecedented copper-catalyzed reaction of acetylene analogs with dialkyl azo dicarboxylate
and benzazole analogs via a cross-coupling sequence was reported. A library of triazolobenzazole
fused ring systems including [1,2,3] triazolo [3,4-b] [1,3] benzothiazole, [1,2,3]
triazolo [3,4-b] [1,3] benzoxazole and [1,2,3] triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzimidazole structures were
obtained in moderate to excellent yields under very mild reaction conditions. Structural confirmation
of the final products became possible using different methods like spectroscopy and elemental
analysis. The control experiments indicated C-H activation of acetylene by copper salts,
followed by cycloaddition between a 2-(phenylethynyl)benzo[d]azol-3(2H)-yl anion and azo dicarboxylate
as the key mechanistic feature. The broad substrate scope with simple and easily affordable
starting materials, as well as mild reaction conditions are the noticeable attributes of this
methodology, which provides facile access to the desired products.
Neuroprotective Effect of Nano Emulsion Containing Salvia on CA1 Region
of Hippocampus Following Transient Global Ischemia/Reperfusion in
Rat
Authors: Abdolrahimkhan Mahsa , Kazemi Negar Motakef , Movassaghi Shabnam , Gharehkhani Nazanin , Arani Hamid Zaferani , Sharifi Zahra Nadia
Published: October 2021

Background:

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the major causes of mortality.
I/R injury leads to apoptosis in the brain, especially in the hippocampus and induces cognitive impairments.
On the other hand, Salvia officinalis L. is perennial, evergreen subshrub that is widely
used in traditional medicine. The antiapoptosis and antioxidant effects of Salvia officinalis L. have
also been reported.

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Salvia officinalis L. on the expression
of genes involved in apoptosis and percentage of viable neurons in the CA1 hippocampal region of
rats following transient global I/R.

Methods:

The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase 3 was evaluated using Real time PCR. Nissl
staining was used to measure the number of viable neurons. The percentage of cell viability was also
evaluated using MTT assay and flow cytometry. Salvia officinalis L. was injected intraperitoneal
at the doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg at both aqueous-alcoholic and aqueous extracts.

Results:

The expression of Bax and Caspase 3 was increased and the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased
following transient global I/R in the CA1 region. The injection of Salvia officinalis L. at
most doses reversed the effect of transient global I/R on genes expression. The number of viable
neurons in the CA1 region was also decreased following transient global I/R and injection of
Salvia officinalis L. at all doses reversed this effect.

Conclusion:

Transient global I/R significantly promotes apoptosis and cell death, and Salvia officinalis
L. may induce neuroprotective and anti-apoptosis effects.
Markets and the creation of competitive advantages in companies according to an internal marketing orientation
Authors:   College of Sciences and Arts-AL-Namas, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia, Abderzag Fouzi Tahar
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study was is to examine the relationship between internal marketing orientation and the creation of competitive advantages and determine whether this is useful in light of the continuous growth in competition. For modern companies, competitive advantage has become a necessary and inevitable prerequisite for their continued survival in the market. Internal marketing policies, which are an element of modern marketing, have, therefore, become a pillar for building and sustaining competitive advantages. However, there is insuﬃcient focus on strategic internal marketing and its impact on a ﬁrm’s competitiveness. Indeed, nuanced insights suggest that the competitive advantage of a company can actively increase its financial performance by maintaining and increasing its market share and distinguishing it from its competitors, which is especially useful during highly competitive periods. Finally, this research uses an updated approach to build on the current literature and provide managers with insights into the drivers and outcomes of strategic internal marketing. These insights about internal-marketing-driven competitive advantages suggest that internal marketing can help companies achieve diversification and stability.
Исследования механизма коммутации короткого вакуумного промежутка с помощью вспомогательного искрового разряда
Authors: Давыдов С.Г. , Долгов А.Н. , Козлов А.А. , Якубов Р.Х.
Published: October 2021

The ionization of a rarefied gas in a short gap by a stream of short-wave radiation and fast electrons from the plasma of an auxiliary spark discharge along the dielectric surface is detected, sufficient to initiate an arc discharge in the gap. The density of the ionizing flow of particles and radiation determines the delay time of the switching gap in relation to the start of the auxiliary discharge. With an increase in the initial concentration of free electrons in the main discharge gap, the transition time to an arc discharge is reduced, due to the development of instabilities.
Малоразмерный черенковский телескоп с полупроводниковыми фотодетекторами: полночастичное моделирование порога регистрации космических гамма-источников
Authors: Холупенко Е.Е. , Бадмаев Д.В. , Антонов А.С. , Богданов А.А. , Красильщиков А.М. , Кулешов Д.О. , Тубольцев Ю.В. , Хилькевич Е.М. , Чичагов Ю.В.
Published: October 2021

Full-particle modeling of gamma-ray and proton induced extensive air showers (EASs) in the Earth's atmosphere as well as Monte Carlo modeling of photon transport in a small size Cherenkov telescope and signal registration with its camera based on the OnSemi MicroFJ SiPM detectors have been performed. Calculations have been carried out for primaries within the 0.3 - 30 TeV range and a telescope with a 10 m(2) mirror similar to the unit employed at the TAIGA observatory. It has been shown that even with strict selection criteria aimed at high quality EAS images, the threshold detection energy of the SiPM-based
camera would not exceed 0.8 TeV - about twice as low as the current threshold of the TAIGA-IACT camera based on vacuum photomultipliers.
Формирование мелкодисперсного термоэлектрика Si-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Ge-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=- при электроимпульсном плазменном спекании
Authors: Дорохин М.В. , Болдин М.С. , Ускова Е.А. , Боряков А.В. , Демина П.Б. , Ерофеева И.В. , Здоровейщев А.В. , Котомина В.Е. , Кузнецов Ю.М. , Ланцев Е.А. , Попов А.А. , Трушин В.Н.
Published: October 2021

The kinetics of diffusion processes occurring d0uring the formation of polycrystalline Si1-xGex nanostructures (x=0.20, 0.35) by electro-pulse plasma sintering in the temperature range 20-1200°C was studied for the first time. A mechanism for the formation of a solid solution of SiGe is proposed as a result of a comprehensive study of the microstructure and phase composition of samples with particle sizes from 150 nm to 100 μm, together with the analysis of experimental sintering maps. It is based on the phenomenon of mutual diffusion of Si and Ge atoms that occurs during the entire sintering process. For the selected sintering modes, the grain size of the formed SiGe corresponds to the size of the initial powder particles.
Исследование влияния парциального давления кислорода на фазовый состав наночастиц оксида меди вакуумно-дугового синтеза
Authors: Ушаков А.В. , Карпов И.В. , Федоров Л.Ю. , Гончарова Е.А. , Брунгардт М.В. , Демин В.Г.
Published: October 2021

Copper oxide nanoparticles were obtained in the plasma of a low-pressure arc discharge. The effect of the partial pressure of oxygen (10-40%) on the physical properties of the deposited nanoparticles has been studied. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the cubic structure of Cu2O changes to monoclinic CuO with increasing O2 pressure. The results of Raman spectroscopy further confirmed the phase variations of copper-based oxide nanoparticles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the change in the binding energy in the oxidation state of nanoparticles. The optical band gap of the deposited Cu2O is 2.12 eV, while that of CuO is 1.79-1.82 eV.
Моделирование ионного облучения кристаллических и аморфных мишеней --- материалов первой стенки токамака-реактора
Authors: Мелузова Д.С. , Бабенко П.Ю. , Зиновьев А.Н. , Шергин А.П.
Published: October 2021

An overview of results concerning simulation of various processes which occur due to atomic bombardment of crystalline and amorphous solids is presented. With the use of original computational codes, the following data were obtained: reflection coefficients, projected energy losses and ranges of ions in solids, channeling data as well as sputtering yield and its dependence on incident angle of bombarding particles for Be-W and Ne-W combinations. Be, C and W targets were studied as these are among the plasma-facing materials in tokamaks, including ITER. The emphasis was made on atom-target combinations which lack reliable experimental data. Experimental data on other materials were used to verify calculations. A significant influence of the interaction potential used on the simulation results is shown. The reviewed results are tied by a common subject – a study of interaction of plasma ions and first-wall materials of a tokamak-reactor – and also by a common method of study – the use of an original computational code.
Активация нейромедиаторов мозга животных интерференционными транскраниальными токами
Authors: Katsnelson Y. , Ильинский А.В. , Шадрин Е.Б.
Published: October 2021

A method of transcranial electromagnetic stimulation of the mammalian brain is proposed. The method is based on the interference of currents caused by high-frequency orthogonal oscillations of electric fields, which are modulated by low-frequency meander pulses. The effectiveness of the method was confirmed by the results of experiments on stimulating the brain of rats and rabbits.
Content and Dynamics of Websites Shared Over Vaccine-Related Tweets in COVID-19 Conversations: Computational Analysis
Authors: Cruickshank Iain , Ginossar Tamar , Sulskis Jason , Zheleva Elena , Berger-Wolf Tanya
Published: October 2021

Background

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent “infodemic” increased concerns about Twitter’s role in advancing antivaccination messages, even before a vaccine became available to the public. New computational methods allow for analysis of cross-platform use by tracking links to websites shared over Twitter, which, in turn, can uncover some of the content and dynamics of information sources and agenda-setting processes. Such understanding can advance theory and efforts to reduce misinformation.

Objective

Informed by agenda-setting theory, this study aimed to identify the content and temporal patterns of websites shared in vaccine-related tweets posted to COVID-19 conversations on Twitter between February and June 2020.

Methods

We used triangulation of data analysis methods. Data mining consisted of the screening of around 5 million tweets posted to COVID-19 conversations to identify tweets that related to vaccination and including links to websites shared within these tweets. We further analyzed the content the 20 most-shared external websites using a mixed methods approach.

Results

Of 841,896 vaccination-related tweets identified, 185,994 (22.1%) contained links to specific websites. A wide range of websites were shared, with the 20 most-tweeted websites constituting 14.5% (27,060/185,994) of the shared websites and typically being shared for only 2 to 3 days. Traditional media constituted the majority of these 20 websites, along with other social media and governmental sources. We identified markers of inauthentic propagation for some of these links.

Conclusions

The topic of vaccination was prevalent in tweets about COVID-19 early in the pandemic. Sharing websites was a common communication strategy, and its “bursty” pattern and inauthentic propagation strategies pose challenges for health promotion efforts. Future studies should consider cross-platform use in dissemination of health information and in counteracting misinformation.
Development of a Severity Score and Comparison With Validated Measures for Depression and Anxiety: Validation Study
Authors: Lynch William , Platt Michael L , Pardes Adam
Published: October 2021

Background

Less than 10% of the individuals seeking behavioral health care receive measurement-based care (MBC). Technology has the potential to implement MBC in a secure and efficient manner. To test this idea, a mobile health (mHealth) platform was developed with the goal of making MBC easier to deliver by clinicians and more accessible to patients within integrated behavioral health care. Data from over 3000 users of the mHealth platform were used to develop an output severity score, a robust screening measure for depression and anxiety.

Objective

The aim of this study is to compare severity scores with scores from validated assessments for depression and anxiety and scores from clinician review to evaluate the potential added value of this new measure.

Methods

The severity score uses patient-reported and passively collected data related to behavioral health on an mHealth platform. An artificial intelligence–derived algorithm was developed that condenses behavioral health data into a single, quantifiable measure for longitudinal tracking of an individual’s depression and anxiety symptoms. Linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses were used to evaluate the relationships and differences between severity scores and Personal Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) or Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores from over 35,000 mHealth platform users. The severity score was also compared with a review by a panel of expert clinicians for a subset of 250 individuals.

Results

Linear regression results showed a strong correlation between the severity score and PHQ-9 (r=0.74; P<.001) and GAD-7 (r=0.80; P<.001) changes. A strong positive correlation was also found between the severity score and expert panel clinical review (r=0.80-0.84; P<.001). However, Bland-Altman analysis and the evaluation of outliers on regression analysis showed that the severity score was significantly different from the PHQ-9.

Conclusions

Clinicians can reliably use the mHealth severity score as a proxy measure for screening and monitoring behavioral health symptoms longitudinally. The severity score may identify at-risk individuals who are not identified by the PHQ-9. Further research is warranted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the severity score.
Water-Trap Series and City Pond to Control The Destructive Power of Runoff Water from Mbay Hills
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, Indonesia, Susilawati Susilawati , Skriptiana Pipit ,   Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, Indonesia, Hartono Hartono ,   Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Weworuwet Hill, which is part of the Mbay hillside in Flores – NTT has sparse vegetation, only a stretch of grass that covers it, and is dry in the dry season like a barren teletabic hillside. This has the potential for surface water runoff, which has high destructive power, especially in the lowlands of Mbay City. To overcome this problem, a study to control the destructive force of water runoff was carried out by applying a water-trap series system, so that the potential for the destructive power of water can be reduced. Tertiary, secondary and primary runoff analysis studies are carried out to determine the location of the required watertraps. This study was conducted using a geographic information system-based program. Furthermore, the hydrological analysis of the area is carried out to determine which flood discharge can be controlled, and the volume of water that can be used for greening hills so that it can reduce the potential for damage to water runoff. The remaining water discharge in the downstream will be accommodated in the city pond, which functions as water conservation infrastructure. Finally, by applying a series of water traps on the tertiary, secondary and primary runoff from the Mbay hilly area, the destructive power of the runoff can be controlled, so that it does not impact and burden the residential plains of the town of Mbay.
Distribution of Flood Risk Area in Bodri Watershed of Kendal Regency
Authors:   Department of Public Works of Water Resources and Spatial Planning of Central Java Province, Indonesia, Fauzia Husna , Cahyaningsih Eka ,   Department of Public Works of Water Resources and Spatial Planning of Central Java Province, Indonesia, Hariyanto Hery ,   Department of Public Works of Water Resources and Spatial Planning of Central Java Province, Indonesia, Nugraha Satya ,   Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Flooding is a catastrophic phenomenon that can occur due to various factors, such as uncontrolled landuse changes, climate change, and weather anomalies, and drainage infrastructure damage. The Bodri watershed in Kendal Regency is one of the watersheds in Central Java, which is categorized as critical based on Decree No.328/Menhut-II/2009. Some of the problems in the Bodri watershed include land use that is not suitable for its designation, flooding, erosion, and landslides. This study aims to conduct spatial modeling to create flood hazard maps and flood risk level maps in the Bodri watershed. The method used is hydrograph analysis, flood modeling, potential flood hazards, and flood risk levels. Analysis of the potential for flood hazards from the spatial modeling inundation map with the input of the flood peak return period of 2 years (Q2), 5 years (Q5), and 50 years (Q50). Vulnerability analysis based on land use maps of flood hazard areas. The distribution of flood-prone areas in the Bodri watershed is in Pidodo Kulon Village, Pidodo Wetan Village, and Bangunsari Village.
The Meaning of Water Environment for Stilt Houses on the Musi Riverbanks, Palembang
Authors:   Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sriwijaya, Kampus Indralaya Jalan PalembangPrabumulih KM 32 Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia, Siswanto Ari , Kusumawaty Ira ,   Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Palembang, Jl. Jenderal Sudirman KM 3,5, Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Water functions are very diverse for humans for daily needs such as drinking water, bathing, agriculture, development, aesthetics, and lower temperatures. Palembang is a lowland area dominated by wetlands, tidal swamps, and rivers. The types of houses on stilts on the banks of the Musi river are limas, Gudang, and Chinese stilt houses which are always associated with the water environment. The construction of roads replacing the role of rivers has realized people that the water environment has an important meaning for the house on stilts. The research objective was to explore the meaning of the water environment from various aspects for residents, stilt houses, and their environment. This research method is a case study with data collection through interviews, observation, measurements, and taking photos. Data and findings were analyzed and juxtaposed with images in the field. The road construction has eliminated part of the function of the river and influenced the change in orientation of the house on stilts. In conclusion, respect for the water environment including rivers has decreased, causing the quality of the river to decline, and the house on stilts cannot take advantage of the existence of the water environment optimally
Eficacia de las vacunas contra el SARS-CoV-2 en México y el mundo
Authors: Camarillo Nava Víctor M. , Pérez López Danae , López Rojas Elizabeth
Published: October 2021

La fase en la que se encuentra la pandemia en diferentes regiones del mundo es compleja, una alta transmisión comunitaria de variantes adaptadas para poder infectar a más susceptibles, combinada con la creciente disponibilidad de distintas vacunas contra la covid-19,  lleva a la necesidad de revisar aspectos básicos sobre las vacunas como su eficacia, dosis y efectos secundarios principales, entre otros aspectos de interés. También es importante contrastar las vacunas contra la covid-19 que se aplican en la actualidad. En esta revisión se realizó una búsqueda intencionada por tipo de vacuna aplicada en México y laboratorio fabricante. Se seleccionaron ensayos clínicos y diferentes fuentes secundarias en PubMed y motores de búsqueda académicos. La variable principal de búsqueda fue eficacia de la vacuna y su perfil de seguridad, las variables secundarias fueron plataformas virales, dosis y sitio de aplicación. Hasta el momento de la búsqueda de esta información se contaba con 287 vacunas contra la covid-19 en desarrollo, en nuestro país se habían autorizado cinco diferentes vacunas; una basada en tecnología en arnm (Pfizer), cuatro basadas en vectores virales (AstraZeneca, CanSino, Sputnik V, Jennsen) y una basada en virus inactivos (Sinovac). A excepción de CanSino cuyos datos de eficacia no están disponibles, el desempeño en las otras vacunas autorizadas ofrece un excelente perfil de seguridad y protección contra la covid-19. Se deben reforzar las actividades que mejoren la cobertura de vacunación en la población mexicana.
Metabolismo social de la minería: el caso de Zacatecas (1980-2018)
Authors: Uribe Sierra Sergio Elías
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo analiza el caso de la minería mexicana del estado de Zacatecas, México, a partir de la economía ecológica y la teoría del metabolismo social con un enfoque metodológico mixto. En términos cuantitativos se estimó el excedente ambiental de los principales metales a escala nacional y estatal; cualitativamente se abordaron cuatro casos locales para integrar aspectos sociales y culturales. Se planteó una mayor comprensión de los múltiples problemas del extractivismo minero y la necesidad de una contabilidad de la producción más completa, que contemple lo que está detrás del dato macroeconómico como lo es el daño ecológico, el desplazamiento forzado, las distorsiones en la economía local, la violación de los derechos humanos y la conflictividad social. Se recomienda reajustar la política minera tomando en cuenta los elementos antes mencionados.
A cost-effectiveness analysis of social transfers on human capital accumulation
Authors: Mideros Andrés
Published: October 2021

The paper reports on an ex-ante evaluation of the long-term effect of the Ecuadorian social transfer programme called “Bono de Desarrollo Humano (BDH)” on human capital accumulation. A dynamic cohort microsimulation model is used to analyse for cost-effectiveness of different policy scenarios. Results show that cash transfers do promotehuman capital accumulation but with rather small effect. Transfers targeted at critical ages are the most cost-effective to promote human capital accumulation
Escuelas efectivas: el caso de la educación básica de Ecuador
Authors: Meneses Karla , Yanez Andrea , León-Mena Jennyfer , Aguirre Kamila
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo explora cómo un centro de aprendizaje efectivo sirve para impulsar el logro educativo, más allá de las condiciones socioeconómicas y características propias de los alumnos. Se empleó un modelo multinivel con resultados del Tercer Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo (TERCE) para estudiantes ecuatorianos en lectura y matemáticas. Los resultados revelaron que entre 31 y 52% de la variación en los puntajes en estas pruebas se explican por las diferencias entre escuelas, reforzando así la importancia del efecto compensador de los centros educativos para equiparar las oportunidades de la población
Comentario sobre legislación laboral argentina general, Decreto de Necesidad y Urgencia 329 del año 2020, sobre emergencia laboral en tiempos de pandemia (COVID-19)
Authors: Pena Carlos Manuel
Published: October 2021

La idea central de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre los alcances del Decreto de Necesidad y Urgencia con rango de ley, su aplicación, metodología y constitucionalidad. Para ello en primer lugar ubicaremos al Decreto de Necesidad y Urgencia (DNU) en la pirámide kelseniana, sus efectos y límites, posteriormente veremos su contenido y las razones de su dictado con relación a la realidad epidemiológica que puso a la Argentina y el mundo entero el COVID-19. Por último, analizaremos la viabilidad y eficacia del contenido del DNU 329 dictado por el Poder Ejecutivo de la nación argentina.
El perfil del nuevo juez en la reforma laboral
Authors: García Arizaga Karen Yarely
Published: October 2021

Estamos viviendo una trascendental reforma laboral que trae consigo la construcción de un nuevo derecho procesal del trabajo, donde encontramos reglas y figuras procesales, pero, sobre todo, resalta la figura del juez en los nuevos tribunales labora-les. La actividad jurisdiccional es fundamental para la construcción de un Estado constitucional y democrático de derecho, es innegable que la reforma trajo consigo exigencias nuevas para un titular que deberá asumir grandes responsabilidades y cumplir un perfil específico. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el nuevo perfil del juez laboral, siguiendo los métodos deductivo y analítico, partiendo de algunos antecedentes de la reforma laboral, arribando a la idea de un nuevo derecho procesal del trabajo de México hasta llegar al perfil del nuevo juez laboral para estudiar los requisitos formales para ocupar el cargo, algunas actitudes y habilidades que se requerirán en la actividad jurisdiccional diaria y, de manera particular, destacar algunos principios que deben conducir los actos de los nuevos jueces laborales. Finalmente se presentan algunas consideraciones, además de las correspondientes fuentes de investigación.
La dimensión de género: ausente en la reforma de pensiones en México
Authors: Morales Ramírez María Ascensión
Published: October 2021

Las mujeres, en la vejez, manifiestan con especial crudeza la acumulación de las desventajas a las que se enfrentaron durante años. Ellas tienen perspectivas considerablemente más negativas que los hombres con relación al valor de sus pensiones futuras, y son más propensas a pasar sus últimos años de vida en la pobreza. Un conjunto de factores diferenciadores directos e indirectos se concatenan en su perjuicio: las diferencias entre mujeres y hombres en el empleo se recrudecen según el diseño del sistema de pensiones contributivo. Considerar la dimensión de género en dichos sistemas es una tarea impostergable para erradicar las desigualdades y discriminaciones de las normas que impiden a la mujer obtener una pensión por derecho propio, un retiro digno y una autonomía económica en la vejez.
A Study of Rock Art Monuments in the Archaeology of China (Ancient and Medieval Times)
Authors: Komissarov Sergey , Solov'ev Aleksandr , Cheremisin Dmitriy , Kudinova Mariya
Published: October 2021

The project aims at a detailed review of the published Chinese studies of rock art. The petroglyphs are extremely instructive; however, they remain largely unknown outside of China. These data are of particular relevance to Russian archaeologists as the petroglyphs of Northern, Northwestern, and Northeastern China share many similarities with the rock art of the neighboring territories of Southern Siberia, Mongolia, and the Far East.

The paper briefly presents the key stages of the field study of Chinese rock art and the main findings. The authors also list the unimplemented developments, which may serve as a basis for future expeditions.