bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphodynamic simulation of sediment deposition patterns on a recently stripped bedrock anastomosed channel
Authors: Milan David , Heritage George , Entwistle Neil , Tooth Stephen
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Some mixed bedrock-alluvial dryland rivers are known to undergo
cycles of alluvial building during low flow periods, punctuated by stripping
events during rare high magnitude flows. We focus on the Olifants River,
Kruger National Park, South Africa, and present 2-D morphodynamic simulations
of hydraulics and sediment deposition patterns over an exposed bedrock
anastomosed pavement. We examine the assumptions underlying a previous
conceptual model, namely that sedimentation occurs preferentially on bedrock
highs. Our modelling results and local field observations in fact show that
sediment thicknesses are greater over bedrock lows, suggesting these are the
key loci for deposition, barform initiation and island building. During peak
flows, velocities in the topographic lows tend to be lower than in
intermediate topographic areas. It is likely that intermediate topographic
areas supply sediment to the topographic lows at this flow stage, which is
then deposited in the lows on the falling limb of the hydrograph as
velocities reduce. Subsequent vegetation establishment on deposits in the
topographic lows is likely to play a key role in additional sedimentation
and vegetation succession, both through increasing the cohesive strength of
alluvial units and by capturing new sediments and propagules.
Satellite images survey for the identification of the coastal sedimentary system changes and associated vulnerability along the western bay of the Gulf of Tunis (northern Africa)
Authors: Hzami Abderraouf , Amrouni Oula , Romanescu Gheorghe , Constantin Stoleriu Cristian , Mihu-Pintilie Alin , Saâdi Abdeljaouad
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The aim of this study consists in testing the effectiveness of satellite data in order to monitoring shoreline and sedimentary features changes, especially the rapidly changing of Gulf of Tunis coast. The study area is located in the Gulf of Tunis western bay (Southern Mediterranean Sea) which is characterized by sandy beaches of Ghar Melah and Raoued (Medjerda Delta area). The aerial photographs and satellite imageries were used for mapping the evolution of shoreline. Diachronic data (satellite imagery, aerial photography and topographic maps) were used to monitor and to quantify, the evolution of the coastal areas. These thematic data were digitally overlaid and vectorised for highlighting the shoreline changes between 1936 and 2016, in order to map the rate of erosion and accretion along the shoreline. Results show that the accretion and degradation are related to the Medjerda: change of outlet in 1973 and impoundment of the Sidi Salem dam in 1982. We found that the general trend of the coastal geomorphic processes can be monitored with satellite imageries (such as Sentinel A2, Spots 4 and 5), due to its repetitive coverage along the time and their high quality concerning the spectral contrast between land and sea areas. Improved satellite imageries with high resolution should be a valuable tool for complementing traditional methods for mapping and assessing the sedimentary structures (such as shoreline, delta, marine bars), and monitoring especially the lowlands coastal areas (slightly eroded).
Integrating field, textural, and geochemical monitoring to track eruption triggers and dynamics: a case study from Piton de la Fournaise
Authors: Gurioli Lucia , Di Muro Andrea , Vlastélic Ivan , Moune Séverine , Thivet Simon , Valer Marina , Villeneuve Nicolas , Boudoire Guillaume , Peltier Aline , Bachèlery Patrick , Ferrazzini Valérie , Métrich Nicole , Benbakkar Mhammed , Cluzel Nicolas , Constantin Christophe , Devidal Jean-Luc , Fonquernie Claire , Hénot Jean-Marc
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The 2014 eruption at Piton de la Fournaise (PdF), La Réunion, which occurred after 41 months of quiescence, began with surprisingly little precursory activity and was one of the smallest so far observed at PdF in terms of duration (less than 2 days) and volume (less than 0.4  ×  106 m3). The pyroclastic material was composed of golden basaltic pumice along with fluidal, spiny iridescent and spiny opaque basaltic scoria. Density analyses performed on 200 lapilli reveal that while the spiny opaque clasts are the densest (1600 kg m−3) and most crystalline (55 vol. %), the golden pumices are the least dense (400 kg m−3) and crystalline (8 vol. %). The connectivity data indicate that the fluidal and golden (Hawaiian-like) clasts have more isolated vesicles (up to 40 vol. %) than the spiny (Strombolian-like) clasts (0–5 vol. %). These textural variations are linked to primary pre-eruptive magma storage conditions. The golden and fluidal fragments track the hotter portion of the melt, in contrast to the spiny fragments and lava that mirror the cooler portion of the shallow reservoir. Exponential decay of the magma ascent and output rates through time revealed depressurization of the source during which a stratified storage system was progressively tapped. Increasing syn-eruptive degassing and melt–gas decoupling led to a decrease in the explosive intensity from early fountaining to Strombolian activity. The geochemical results confirm the absence of new input of hot magma into the 2014 reservoir and confirm the emission of a single shallow, differentiated magma source, possibly related to residual magma from the November 2009 eruption. Fast volatile exsolution and crystal–melt separation (second boiling) were triggered by deep pre-eruptive magma transfer and stress field change. Our study highlights the possibility that shallow magma pockets can be quickly reactivated by deep processes without mass or energy (heat) transfer and produce hazardous eruptions with only short-term elusive precursors.
Relative performance of empirical and physical models in assessing the seasonal and annual glacier surface mass balance of Saint-Sorlin Glacier (French Alps)
Authors: Réveillet Marion , Six Delphine , Vincent Christian , Rabatel Antoine , Dumont Marie , Lafaysse Matthieu , Morin Samuel , Vionnet Vincent , Litt Maxime
Published: April 2018

Abstract. This study focuses on simulations of the seasonal and annual surface
mass balance (SMB) of Saint-Sorlin Glacier (French Alps) for the
period 1996–2015 using the detailed SURFEX/ISBA-Crocus snowpack
model. The model is forced by SAFRAN meteorological reanalysis data,
adjusted with automatic weather station (AWS) measurements to ensure that simulations of all the
energy balance components, in particular turbulent fluxes, are
accurately represented with respect to the measured energy
balance. Results indicate good model performance for the simulation
of summer SMB when using meteorological forcing adjusted with
in situ measurements. Model performance however strongly decreases
without in situ meteorological measurements. The sensitivity of the
model to meteorological forcing indicates a strong sensitivity to
wind speed, higher than the sensitivity to ice albedo. Compared to
an empirical approach, the model exhibited better performance for
simulations of snow and firn melting in the accumulation area and
similar performance in the ablation area when forced with
meteorological data adjusted with nearby AWS measurements. When such
measurements were not available close to the glacier, the empirical
model performed better. Our results suggest that simulations of the
evolution of future mass balance using an energy balance model
require very accurate meteorological data. Given the uncertainties in the temporal
evolution of the relevant meteorological variables and glacier
surface properties in the future, empirical approaches based on
temperature and precipitation could be more appropriate for
simulations of glaciers in the future.
Workplace Barriers and Leadership Conflicts Experienced by the Women in Higher Education in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsubhi Afaf Awad , Hoque Kazi Enamul , Abdul Razak Ahmad Zabidi
Published: April 2018

Based on the published scholarly works, this paper attempts to explore and accumulate the challenges and barriers that Saudi women leaders in higher education are experiencing in their professional lives.  For this purpose, literature review method has been adopted. Relevant scholarly articles published in 2004 to 2017 have been rigorously studied and cited. Findings of this paper suggest that women leaders in higher education generally experience assorted challenges, such as 1) socio-cultural, 2) organizational, 3) economical and 4) personal.  They also encounter eight workplace berries, such as 1) gender-based stereotypes, 2) work-life conflict, 3) self-imposed constraints, 4) social network limitations, 5) biased organizational policies, 6) non-gender-based discrimination, 7) inadequate qualification and 8) minimal existing representation. The findings also suggest that these challenges and barriers decrease the job-performances of the women leaders while igniting conflicts with their male counterparts. This paper can be helpful to the policy maker in formulating effective solutions for women leadership conflicts in Saudi Arabia. Besides, it may create new scopes for the researchers and academicians to conduct empirical studies in this very realm.
Presentación No. 149
Authors: Editor El
Published: April 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 1-2
Romper el silencio: necesidades de información y comunicación de los migrantes centroamericanos en México
Authors: Barros Guillermo
Published: April 2018

The spread of violence in Central America has diversifed the profle of people forced to fee their countries. Refugees and other undocumented migrants have different nationalities, ages or socio-economic status. But they all agree on something: they need reliable information to make decisions on an extremely dangerous journey. This research analyzes the information needs of migrants, their ways and resources to cover them and the role of technologies to help them or put them at greater risk. The study concludes that communication is a priority and many prefer invest their scant economical resources to be in touch with their families over food or shelter. Most of the interviewees were travelling with their own cell phones or wanted to get one. They were connected to social networks and starting to use apps like Google Maps. Mainly young and urban, migrants are gaining more knowledge to take advantage of these digital tools.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 3-36
Perquín: fiesta y desarrollo territorial
Authors: Villatoro Fernando
Published: April 2018

The Winter Festival Perquin (FIP) developed for 25 years in the Department of Morazán in El Salvador seeks to preserve the historical memory salvadoreña through different cultural activities that remember what lived during the Salvadoran armed conflict. Perquin has been developing territorially establishing relationships between local cultural, social system actors and political-institutional framework of the municipality as well as the different state institutions that meet in the territory. These relationships between the local and the national are made explicit in the festival and have developed a brand destination that contributes to a systemic and sustainable territorial development.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 37-49
El pensamiento teosófico-espiritualista de Alberto Masferrer y la reacción de la Iglesia Católica
Authors: Mejía Burgos Otto
Published: April 2018

This article make a walk for the theosophical thought of Alberto Masferrer showing as the creator of the Minimum Vital theory at the beginning doesn’t know how to build his idea of God and world. As well explain how that doctrine even for his supporters become confuse because it eclectic character. Also present the doctrinal and institutional confrontation between theosophy and Catholicism during the first half of the XX century: the theosophy under the creed that its principles were perfectly harmonics with the Catholicism and the Catholic Church condemning to the theosophy under the assumption was a series of superstitions and absurd suggestions. Since other perspective prove Masferrer´s work is unitary, or in other words, his theosophical dimension is intimately bound to his vitalism or social dimension.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 91-115
Retos de la comunicación en Centroamérica. Presentación de la editora del Dossier
Authors: Flores Dulcinea
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 117-119
Retos de la comunicación en Centroamérica. El muro de los linchamientos: el discurso de las audiencias ante noticias sobre pandillas en Facebook
Authors: Carballo Willian
Published: April 2018

Every time a news about gangs is reported in digital newspapers - whether these are the perpetrators or that one of their members has been killed - the media feedback platforms are filled with different reactions from the readers. The discourse of these news has already been well studied. However, there is no analysis of how audiences perceive such information and react to it. Taking into account that gap, this research took as a sample the comments of the readers posted on Facebook after the journalistic publication of two violent acts related to gang members. The speech reflects a contradiction among the readers: on the one hand, they repudiate the violence exerted by the gangs; and on the other, they justify it and even demand it and cause them rejoicing when the sufferer is a member of gangs. A narrative coherent with the journalistic stories, which have incited fear and encouraged the strong hand as a solution. Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 147-169
Retos de la comunicación en Centroamérica. Derecho a la comunicación, género y ciudadanía: cambio social y empoderamiento de las mujeres a través de los medios comunitarios
Authors: Tornay Márquez María Cruz
Published: April 2018

The recognition of the right to communicate in some Latin American countries has helped to achieve one of the demands that different agencies and international actors have positioned from the sixties as a strategic element related to the plurality and the democratic quality of societies. From an intersectional perspective, access to the right to communication from the new legislative frameworks in the region is an opportunity to dispute senses by those historically excluded from the mass media populations, such as indigenous and afrodescendant women. This article describes the right to communication as related to the construction of citizenship element, empowerment and social change is located, from the experience of two groups of afrodescendant and indigenous women in community radio stations of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Ecuador. Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 171-197
Moviéndose entre aguas: La obra de Rafa Esparza
Authors: Cortez Beatriz
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 199-203
Poesía reunida, de José María Cuéllar
Authors: Roque Baldovinos Ricardo
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 149, 2017: 211-216
Ciudadanos y siervos. El "hombre mecánico", la justicia y la democracia
Authors: Fernández Buey Francisco
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 83, 2001: 611-623
Nuestra América: sus ideas. De cómo América apoyó (¡debió ayudar!) a los EEUU y al mundo
Authors: Cerutti Goldberg Horacio
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 83, 2001: 625-630
El fundamento de los valores <<Ética sin metafísica>> en Ludwig Wittgenstein
Authors: Molina Velásquez Carlos
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 83, 2001: 699-706
Smith, R., Speaker, M., Thompson, M., Comercio electrónico ; Kosacoff, B., et al., Globalizar desde Latinoamérica. El caso Arcor
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 83, 2001: 785-787
Discurso del Padre Francisco Javier Ibisate S.J. En agradecimiento por el Doctorado Honoris Causa otorgado por la UCA
Authors: Ibisate Francisco Javier
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 84, 2001: 799-806
Desarrollo participativo y la apropiación de la agencia: una exploración sociológica
Authors: Alfaro Salvador Orlando
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 84, 2001: 807-817
Bilingüismo con lengua heredada y autoidentidad el caso de los hijos de inmigrantes en España
Authors: María Medvedeva  , Alejandro Portes
Published: April 2018

Este artículo contribuye al estudio del bilingüismo y la autoidentidad de los inmigrantes centrándose en el reciente y prometedor concepto de «bilingüismo con lengua heredada». Utilizando datos de la Investigación Longitudinal sobre la Segunda Generación en España (ILSEG), se muestra que los jóvenes que reportaron una competencia limitada en todas sus lenguas tendían menos a identificarse con España. Por el contrario, los jóvenes competentes en español y/o catalán y su lengua heredada – los llamados «bilingües con lengua heredada» – exhiben una autoidentidad más relajada: se identifican con España, pero no consideran su identificación tan importante. Por último, ni la competencia lingüística ni el bilingüismo con lengua heredada afectan a las actitudes hacia España; en estas influye el contexto social de aceptación.
A Full 3-D Finite Element Analysis of Group Interaction Effect on Laterally Loaded Piles
Authors: Alkloub Amer , Allouzi Rabab , Alkloub Haider , Al-Ajarmeh Ramia
Published: April 2018

Piles are used for many types of structures to resist vertical and lateral loads.  Design considerations of piles under lateral load are very crucial because the lateral performance of the pile foundations significantly influences the integrity of the structures supported by group of piles.  Finite element study has been conducted to investigate the group interaction effect on the laterally loaded piles.  This study investigates three factors, piles spacing, group arrangement, and group size.  It has been concluded that: (1) As the piles spacing increases as the reduction factor increases and becomes close to one. (2) No reduction due to group interaction for piles spaced at eight times the pile diameter. (3) Group efficiency factor increases in piles that are arranged in a single row. (4) As the number of piles increases more reduction in the lateral resistance occurs.
Informacja jako przedmiot zobowiązania umownego
Authors: Barański Michał
Published: April 2018

Information as a matter of contractual obligation, thus far has not been subject to complex considerations of civil law science. In this respect, judicature either, does not provide plausible material for analysis. The basic aims of the author`s publication were focused on an attempt to systematize knowledge concerning information within civil law aspect together with highlighting still multiplying classification and interpretative difficulties which stem from certain legal solutions (possibly lack of them), having influence on the main subject of this article. The publication deals with acknowledging information as a matter of a service. Besides, there were presented regulating concepts of the above mentioned services in the new Civil Law Code and Draft Common Frame of Reference. The article was dedicated to considering the possibility of acknowledging information, among others, as a matter of a specific-task contract, license contract, know-how contract.
Prawna ochrona gruntów rolnych i leśnych w procesie lokalizacji infrastruktury technicznej
Authors: Leśkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: April 2018

The aim of the paper is to answer the question whether the legislator provides protection of agricultural and forest land in the process of localization of technical infrastructure. The technical infrastructure has not reached the universal legal definition, but in many different legal acts there is a reference to this notion. According to the final conclusions, the protection of agricultural and forest land includes the need for localization of technical infrastructure when the technical infrastructure is the part of the composition of the normative notion of agricultural and forest land regulated by the Act on the Protection of Agricultural and Forest Land and according to the Forest Act. Technical infrastructure are an integral part of these legal concepts, although their normative borders are different. For incomprehensible reasons, the legislature does not explicitly recognize land under power lines as agricultural land, but they fall within the scope of the legal concept of the forest. However, in practice, the administrative courts in the cases of certain investments of the technical infrastructure, especially power lines, consider these facilities as not infringing the nature of agricultural land or for forestry purposes.
In vitro estimation of the infectious potential of the enterococcal strain by an analysis of monocytes’ response to the formed biofilm
Authors: Jarzembowski Tomasz , Daca Agnieszka , Witkowski Jacek M. , Bryl Ewa , Rutkowski Bolesław , Kasprzyk Joanna
Published: April 2018

The aim of our study was to assess the possibility of predicting Enterococcus faecalis pathogenicity based on morphological changes of monocytes interacting with of bacteria and their adherence to biofilm.
Changes in the size and granularity of monocytes, as well as their adherence to biofilm were assessed using FACScan flow cytometer after 1h co-incubation of monocytes and enterococcal biofilm in 37°C. The obtained results were validated with respect to monocytes incubated without bacteria. The most prominent changes in size of monocytes were observed in the case of commensal bacteria. The interaction with bacteria isolated from the blood stream and urine caused comparable changes in the size of THP-1 cells and were smaller than the changes of cells incubated with commensal bacteria. Changes in THP-1 granularity were comparable regardless of the source of bacteria forming biofilm. The parameter which differed the most was connected to the adherence index relating to the monocytes remaining on the surface of biofilm after 1h of incubation.
Taking into consideration the obtained results, we conclude that changes in the morphology of monocytes can be treated as a tool assessing the potential pathogenicity of the bacteria. What is more, the adhesive properties towards bacterial biofilm alone might be considered as a tool allowing for the assessment of the pathogenicity of the isolated strain bypassing time-consuming techniques.
Miejsce spółki wspólnoty gruntowej w systemie prawa
polskiego
Authors: Rudol Kamil
Published: April 2018

According to the Act of 1963 of Common Lands, in order to properly manage and develop the common land, its shareholders shall appoint the administrative entity called the common land’s company. The company is not the owner of common land, but acts as the land manager, since these lands are subject of specific type of joint ownership operated by a rural community. The establishment of the company is made by way of a resolution adopted by a majority of members entitled to participate in the common land in the presence of at least half of them. Upon approval of the statute of the company by the appropriate administration authority, the company acquires legal personality.
The article describes the legal nature of the common land’s company and aims at placing it in the Polish legal system. In order to achieve it, the common land’s company is being compared to a civil, commercial and administrative law companies.
Agencja ds. Współpracy Organów Regulacji Energetyki
Authors: Szafrański Adam
Published: April 2018

The Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) has been established in 2009 in the Third Liberalization Package of Energy Sector. The Agency became fully operational in 2011. After 5 years of its functioning the Author presents his opinion on general issues like legitimacy of the European Union regarding the tendency of creating new European agencies (among them ACER) and the problem of the common belief in rule of experts in the typical field of politics. Subsequently the paper handles the history of setting up the Agency and the description of its bodies and competencies in order to present the achievements of ACER within 5 years of its work. The Author concludes with positive statement: ACER meets its goals, encompassing the principle of subsidiarity and helping the Commission and National Regulatory Authorities in realizing the aim of establishing the common energy market in European Union.
Liberation Politics as a (New) Socialist Politics
Authors: Purcell Sebastian ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2018

Liberation philosophy was born from radical, socialist roots. Yet recent developments by major figures in the tradition, including Enrique Dussel, would appear to position the movement unhelpfully closer to liberalism. The present article argues that this is a misconception, and that Liberation philosophy rather suggests a new ideal for conceptions of political justice, one that also helpfully avoids a number of common objections that dog traditional socialist proposals. The work of John Rawls is used as a dialogical counter point to suggest the relative merits for the new approach Liberation philosophy suggest for socialism.
El marketing de influencia en moda. Estudio del nuevo modelo de consumo en Instagram de los millennials universitarios
Authors: Pérez Curiel Concha , Luque Ortiz Sergio
Published: April 2018

La revolución digital ha generado un cambio social en el consumo de Moda. En un mercado global, con un consumidor más exigente e informado y niveles de competencia máxima, las marcas están obligadas a usar todos los recursos a su alcance para mantenerse y crecer. Surge entonces un doble reto para las empresas. Por un lado, aprovechar la asequibilidad, accesibilidad y cercanía de la red para influir en las decisiones de compra de una nueva generación, los millennials. Por otro lado, enfrentarse a un nuevo consumidor, generalmente más informado y escéptico, que acude a la opinión de consumidores anónimos para compartir su experiencia de compra. Conocer las principales estrategias de marketing digital en el ámbito de las empresas de moda, descubrir quiénes son los influencers y marcas más seguidos por los jóvenes universitarios y analizar los procesos de interacción (engagement), el tipo de comentarios y los servicios más valorados por estos usuarios en Instagram, son objetivos de la investigación. A partir de una metodología centrada en el análisis de contenido y la encuesta se consiguen resultados que confirman las hipótesis iniciales: los influencers son ejes de atracción para el perfil millennial de los jóvenes universitarios objeto de estudio, y se demuestra que sus comentarios se relacionan más con la imagen física de los influencers que con el producto promocionado por las marcas.
Cómo entiendo la investigación en, de y sobre la comunicación
Authors: Piñuel Raigada José Luis
Published: April 2018

Tribuna.
La metainvestigación en comunicación, una necesidad y una oportunidad
Authors: Caffarel Serra Maria Carmen
Published: April 2018

Tribuna.
Campaña electoral y comunicación en tiempos de cambio
Authors: Casero Ripollés Andreu
Published: April 2018

Reseña del libro: López García, Guillermo y Valera Ordaz, Lidia (2017).Pantallas electorales. El discurso de partidos, medios y ciudadanosen la campaña de 2015. Barcelona: UOC.
Evolución histórica de la investigación publicitaria en España: de los orígenes científicos de la publicidad al actual auge investigador
Authors: Correyero Ruiz Beatriz , Manchado Pérez Benjamín , Baladrón Pazos Antonio José
Published: April 2018

La investigación científica sobre el fenómeno publicitario en España se remonta a principios del siglo XX y fue auspiciada por Prat Gaballí y el Publi-Club catalán. Sin embargo, hay que esperar a la década de los sesenta para hablar del despegue del estudio científico sobre la publicidad. En el siglo XXI la proliferación de centros que imparten estudios publicitarios, el incremento del número de investigadores y la necesidad de la investigación para conseguir la promoción académica han contribuido al incremento de la investigación publicitaria. Con objeto de conocer cómo ha evolucionado históricamente la investigación sobre publicidad en España, se lleva a cabo, en primer lugar, un análisis de aproximación histórica tanto a los orígenes de la investigación científica sobre publicidad en el panorama internacional como en España. En segundo lugar, se complementa este recorrido histórico con un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica del área en España. Como conclusión, se pone de manifiesto que, a pesar de los primeros intentos embrionarios de fundamentar científicamente la disciplina publicitaria, la consolidación de la producción científica tiene lugar durante las últimas décadas del siglo XX, detectándose dos hitos temporales: los primeros años de la década de los noventa y el comienzo del siguiente siglo. El trabajo aquí publicado forma parte de un proyecto de investigación llevado a cabo por los autores durante los últimos años sobre la investigación publicitaria en España. En esta ocasión se analizan, por primera vez, resultados periodizados actualizados, ya que, frente a otros trabajos precedentes, se ha pretendido conocer la evolución temporal del objeto de estudio. Los principales resultados, estructurados en siete quinquenios, suponen un nuevo avance en el conocimiento de la investigación publicitaria en nuestro país, en esta ocasión desde una perspectiva histórica.
Antonio Pasquali. Un pasaje intelectual de la filosofía a la comunicación (1955-1958)
Authors: Sánchez Narvarte Roberto Emiliano
Published: April 2018

Este artículo analiza el itinerario intelectual del filósofo venezolano Antonio Pasquali. El objetivo es pensar los desplazamientos teóricos en su trayectoria académica que lo fueron acercando desde la filosofía a la comunicación y a la cultura. Se aborda el análisis desde el cruce teórico metodológico de la historia intelectual y la sociología de la cultura, para pensar su producción académica en relación con procesos institucionales, sociales y culturales más amplios. En este sentido, se indaga su formación en la Universidad Central de Venezuela, su estadía en La Sorbona y los cursos de Filmología como así también los debates intelectuales de los que formó parte. Indagar la trayectoria de uno de los padres fundadores de la disciplina desde este marco metodológico, habilita una mirada productiva para pensar las diferentes modalidades de institucionalización de la pregunta por la comunicación en América Latina. Al tiempo que hace emerger las múltiples dimensiones que entraron en juego y que fueron configurando un proceso de renovación de saberes y de institucionalización de las problemáticas comunicacionales a principio de los años sesenta.
Beyond “Hero-based” Management: Revisiting HRM Practices for Managing Collective Expertise
Authors: Lelebina Olga , Gand Sébastien
Published: April 2018

While expert knowledge is a crucial resource for large science-based companies, management of the specific population of experts remains a sensitive issue for the HRM. In order to recognize and retain these employees, companies traditionally implement a dual ladder—a career management tool that proposes an alternative technical career track to the managerial one, thus allowing recognition of an expert status in the organization. However, multiple studies have demonstrated that the implementation of a dual ladder does not bring the expected results. While previous research has investigated the individual aspirations of experts as possible reasons for their dissatisfaction with this managerial tool, we show the importance of the collective dimension of expertise and claim that the latter is insufficiently supported by HRM practices.

Drawing on a case study in a large multinational firm, we explore the consequences of individualized practices on expert work and discuss the role of HRM in dealing with so-called “hero-based” management. The findings show that individualized practices could endanger the learning and innovation capacities of the firm and compromise processes such as decision making and problem solving. It could also jeopardize the continuity of expertise from a long-term perspective as younger generations refuse to align with a “hero-based” culture. Despite such a strategic challenge, HR managers experience difficulties in reinforcing the collective dimension of expertise. This opens up new perspectives for the HRM function that could lead the management of experts towards new horizons by supporting the fragile equilibrium between “agency” and “communion” in expertise processes.
Prévenir les risques psychosociaux : une étude des perceptions et des pratiques des employeurs
Authors: Weissbrodt Rafaël , Arial Marc , Graf Maggie , Ben Jemia Tarek , Villaret D’Anna Christine , Giauque David
Published: April 2018

L’article porte sur les pratiques mises en oeuvre pour prévenir les risques psychosociaux (RPS) dans les entreprises. Selon les connaissances scientifiques actuelles, réduire ces risques requiert une approche intégrée qui vise à développer les ressources collectives et individuelles des travailleurs, ainsi qu’à réduire leurs contraintes professionnelles. Toutefois très peu de publications ont porté sur la façon dont les employeurs appréhendent effectivement ces questions. L’objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre les pratiques de prévention déclarées par des dirigeants d’entreprises, en relation avec la manière dont ils perçoivent l’exposition de leur personnel aux RPS. Nous avons élaboré un cadre d’analyse exploratoire des relations entre la prévention des RPS, la perception des facteurs de risques par les employeurs et diverses caractéristiques des entreprises. Ce cadre a servi de base à une enquête auprès de 404 établissements.

À partir d’analyses factorielles et de régressions multiples, l’étude a fait émerger deux modes de prévention : 1- des mesures de gestion spécifique des RPS axées sur les procédures et la formation et liées principalement au risque d’atteinte à l’intégrité personnelle (harcèlement, agressions, discrimination, confrontation à des événements traumatisants) ; et 2- des mesures d’amélioration générale des conditions de travail (organisation, horaires, équipements et environnement de travail) qui peuvent contribuer à renforcer les ressources, mais que les employeurs ne perçoivent guère comme de la prévention des RPS. Les pratiques sont liées à des variables structurelles, ainsi qu’aux modes de participation et de gestion des risques professionnels dans leur ensemble, davantage qu’à la perception de l’employeur concernant l’exposition aux RPS.

Les résultats soulignent deux défis pour les autorités. Le premier consiste à faire adopter par les entreprises une approche plus globale, non centrée sur les phénomènes de harcèlement. Le second réside dans le renforcement de mesures de prévention ayant un impact favorable sur l’activité réelle de travail.
Citizen science data suggest that a novel rig improves landing rate and reduces injury and handling time in recreational angling with artificial lures in Baltic pike (Esox lucius)
Authors: Bursell Jens Jakob , Arlinghaus Robert
Published: April 2018

The optimal terminal gear in hook-and-line recreational fishing maximizes landing rates and minimizes injury to the fish because some fish will be released after capture. We designed a novel rig configuration in artificial lure fishing for top predators and examined its effectiveness in angling for Baltic northern pike (Esox lucius ) using a citizen science approach based on observational data collected from volunteer anglers in the field. The novel rig included two changes to traditional rig designs common to artificial lure angling. First, hooks were mounted in a way giving better hook exposure and eliminating lever-arm effects from the lure to the hooks once a fish is hooked. This construction allowed the second change, being a shift to hooks 4-5 sizes smaller than those used on traditional hook mounts. We analysed observational data collected by volunteer anglers using either the novel rig or a standard rig mount in two types of artificial lures (softbait and hardbait) of the same size (about 17 cm). Using N = 768 pike contacts as input data, we showed the landing rates of pike targeted with artificial lures significantly and substantially increased from 45 % with normal-rigs to 85 % when the same lure types were fished with the novel rig configuration. Lure type and Water temperature had no effects on landing rates. Moreover, hardbaits on normal-rigs produced significantly more injury, bleeding and elevated unhooking time compared to fish captured on hardbaits with release-rigs. We conclude that simple changes to traditional hook sizes and mounts in lure fishing may benefit both anglers and the fishes that are to be released and that citizen science projects with volunteer anglers are able to provide good data in proof-of-concept studies. Further experimental studies are needed to differentiate hook size from hook mount effects because both variables were confounded in the results of the observational data presented here.
Abandon statistical inference
Authors: Amrhein Valentin , Trafimow David , Greenland Sander
Published: April 2018

There is a massive crisis of confidence in statistical inference, which has largely been attributed to overemphasis on and abuse of hypothesis testing. Much of the abuse stems from failure to recognize that statistical tests not only test hypotheses, but countless assumptions and the entire environment in which research takes place. Unedited and unselected results must vary from replication to replication because of varying assumption violations and random variation; excessive agreement itself would suggest deeper problems, such as failure to publish results in conflict with group expectations or desires. Considerable non-replication is thus to be expected even with honest and complete reporting practices, and generalizations from single studies are rarely if ever warranted. Because of all the uncertain and unknown assumptions that underpin statistical inferences, we should treat inferential statistics as highly unstable local descriptions of relations between model predictions and data, rather than as generalizable inferences about hypotheses or models. And that means we should treat statistical results as being much more incomplete and uncertain than is currently the norm. Rather than focusing our study reports on uncertain conclusions, we should thus focus on describing accurately how the study was conducted, what problems occurred, and what analysis methods were used.
Safety of Osteopathic Cranial Manipulative Medicine as an Adjunct to Conventional Postconcussion Symptom Management: A Pilot Study
Authors: Patel Komal G. , Sabini Rosanna C.
Published: April 2018

Context

Osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine is not a well-established adjunct to conventional treatment for patients with postconcussion symptoms.

Objective

To determine whether adjunctive osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine is safe for patients with concussion when accompanied by conventional treatments.

Design

Prospective observational pilot study.

Setting

Outpatient concussion clinic.

Participants

Patients who sustained a concussion were prospectively recruited from an outpatient concussion clinic by a neuropsychologist specialized in concussion. All participants were identified to have a cranial dysfunction.

Intervention

Each eligible participant received 1 session of the osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine vault hold technique.

Main Outcome Measures

Self-reported adverse events during or after 1 session of the osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine procedure and improvement in concussion symptoms at return to follow-up.

Results

None of the 9 participants reported adverse events during or immediately after receiving osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine. Five of the 7 participants who returned for follow-up demonstrated improvement in their overall concussion symptoms based on the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale scores.

Conclusions

Osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine was considered a safe adjunctive treatment option to improve concussion-related symptoms and recovery.
Copper-induced activation of TRPs and VDCCs triggers a calcium signature response regulating gene expression inEctocarpus siliculosus
Authors: González Alberto , Sáez Claudio A. , Moenne Alejandra
Published: April 2018

In certain multicellular photoautotrophs, such as plants and green macroalgae, it has been demonstrated that calcium signaling importantly mediates tolerance to copper excess. However, there is no information in brown macroalgae, which are phylogenetically distant from green algae and plants. We have previously shown that chronic copper levels (2.5 μM) activate transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the model brown macroalgaEctocarpus siliculosus, allowing extracellular calcium entry at 13, 29, 39 and 51 min. Here, we showed that intracellular calcium increases also occurred at 3 and 5 h of exposure; these increases were inhibited by antagonists of voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs); a chelating agent of extracellular calcium; an antagonist of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ATPase; and antagonists of cADPR-, NAADP- and IP3-dependent calcium channels. Thus, copper activates VDCCs allowing extracellular calcium entry and intracellular calcium release from the ER via cADPR-, IP3- and NAADP-dependent channels. Furthermore, the level of transcripts encoding a phytochelatin synthase (PS) and a metallothionein (MT) were analyzed in the alga exposed to 2.5 μM copper from 3 to 24 h. The level ofpsandmttranscripts increased until 24 h and these increases were inhibited by antagonists of calmodulins (CaMs), calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs). Finally, activation of VDCC was inhibited by a mixture of TRP antagonists and by inhibitors of protein kinases. Thus, copper-mediated activation of TRPs triggers VDCCs via protein kinases, allowing extracellular calcium entry and intracellular calcium release from ER that, in turn, activate CaMs, CBLs and CDPKs increasing expression of PS and MT encoding genes inE. siliculosus.
Distinctive courtship phenotype of the Vogelkop Superb Bird-of-ParadiseLophorina nieddaMayr, 1930 confirms new species status
Authors: Scholes Edwin , Laman Timothy G.
Published: April 2018

The birds-of-paradise (Aves: Paradisaeidae) are a quintessential example of elaborate ornamental diversification among animals. Ornamental evolution in the birds-of-paradise is exemplified by the presence of a highly integrated courtship phenotype, which is the whole package of plumage ornaments, behaviors and sounds that each species uses during courtship. Characterizing a species’ courtship phenotype is therefore a key part of evolutionary and taxonomic investigation in the group. With its unprecedented transmogrification from bird-like form into something abstract and otherworldly, the courtship phenotype of the Superb Bird-of-Paradise,Lophorina superba,is one of the most remarkable of all. Recent research by Irestedt et al. (2017) suggests that the genusLophorinais not a single species but is likely a complex of three allopatric species spanning the island of New Guinea:L. nieddain the Bird’s Head Peninsula of the west,L. superbathroughout the central cordillera andL. minorin the Papuan Peninsula of the east. Of these,nieddais the most phenotypically divergent with plumage traits hypothesized to possibly produce differences in ornamental appearance during display. However, the whole courtship phenotype ofnieddahas not been documented and so the actual extent of differences in ornamental appearance during courtship remain unknown. Here we analyze the first audiovisual recordings ofnieddaand compare its courtship phenotype withsuperbato test the hypothesis of potential differences in ornamental appearance.Our main goals are to: (1) provide the first description of the courtship phenotype ofnieddain the wild, (2) determine if and how thenieddacourtship phenotype differs fromsuperbaand (3) evaluate any uncovered differences in light ofniedda’snewly recognized species status. Our secondary goal is to provide a more thorough characterization of courtship phenotype diversity within the genusLophorinato facilitate future comparative study within the genus and family.Results show that thenieddacourtship phenotype differs substantially fromsuperbain numerous aspects of ornamental appearance, display behavior and sound. We highlight six key differences and conclude that the new species status ofnieddais corroborated by the distinctly differentiated ornamental features documented here.With full species status,nieddabecomes the fourth endemic bird-of-paradise to the Bird’s Head region of Indonesian New Guinea (i.e., the Vogelkop Peninsula), a fact that underscores the importance of this region as a center of endemic biodiversity worthy of enhanced conservation protection.
Replication study: androgen receptor splice variants determine taxane sensitivity in prostate cancer
Authors: Shan Xiaochuan , Danet-Desnoyers Gwenn , Aird Fraser , Kandela Irawati , Tsui Rachel , Perfito Nicole , Iorns Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

In 2015, as part of the Prostate Cancer Foundation–Movember Foundation Reproducibility Initiative, we published a Registered Report (Shan et al., 2015) that described how we intended to replicate selected experiments from the paper “Androgen Receptor Splice Variants Determine Taxane Sensitivity in Prostate Cancer” (Thadani-Mulero et al., 2014). Here we report the results of those experiments. Growth of tumor xenografts from two prostate cancer xenograft lines, LuCaP 86.2, which expresses wild-type androgen receptor (AR) and AR variant 567, and LuCaP 23.1, which expresses wild-type AR and AR variant 7, were not affected by docetaxel treatment. The LuCaP 23.1 tumor xenografts grew slower than in the original study. This result is different from the original study, which reported significant reduction of tumor growth in the LuCaP 86.2. Furthermore, we were unable to detect ARv7 in the LuCaP 23.1, although we used the antibody as stated in the original study and ensured that it was detecting ARv7 via a known positive control (22rv1, Hörnberg et al., 2011). Finally, we report a meta-analysis of the result.