bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are there so many congeneric species of chironomid larvae in a small stream?
Authors: Prat Narcís , García-Roger Eduardo M.
Published: June 2018

The co-occurrence of larvae of congeneric chironomid species is common in natural stream assemblages, and raises the problem of finding mechanisms to explain the co-existence of species with similar ecological requirements. In this contribution, we explored the co-occurrence of chironomid larvae belonging to congeneric species within four genera of chironomids: Cricotopus, Eukiefferiella, Orthocladius and Rheocricotopus (with 2, 7, 2 and 4 species, respectively) in the headwaters of a small Mediterranean calcareous stream. Due to the intrinsic, natural spatial and temporal variability in these habitats, we studied three different sites at two different seasons within the annual hydrological cycle (spring vs summer samples), and each microhabitat unit was surveyed with an effort proportional to its cover at the sampling site. The Outlying Median Index method was used to distinguish the niches of the different chironomid species in relation to the hydraulic features and substrates within each site. Our results showed that hydraulic features helped to improve discrimination between the niches of five congeneric species of Eukiefferiella, and the same occurred within the species belonging to Cricotopus and Orthocladius, although niche overlap was high in general. One Rheocricotopus species was associated to algal substrate.  Schoener’s co-occurrence at the microhabitat scale was low among the congeneric species found in our study, suggesting exclusion mechanisms. Flow regime, substrate type and shifts in environmental conditions may favor the settlement of some species to the detriment of other congeneric ones, but other mechanisms such as lottery competition, diffusion competition or predation should be considered in further studies.
Breaking the rule: Five larval instars in the podonomine midge Trichotanypus alaskensis Brundin from Barrow, Alaska
Authors: Lackmann Alec R. , Butler Malcolm G.
Published: June 2018

Except for one unconfirmed case, chironomid larvae have been reported to pass through four larval instars between egg and pupal stages. We have observed a fifth larval instar to be a standard life-cycle feature of the podonomine Trichotanypus alaskensis Brundin 1966 in tundra ponds on the Arctic Coastal Plain near Barrow, Alaska. T. alaskensis has a one-year life cycle in these arctic ponds. Adults emerge in June ~2-3 weeks after pond thaw, then mate and oviposit; most newly-hatched larvae reach instar IV by October when pond sediments freeze. Overwintering larvae complete instar IV within a few days of thaw, then molt again to a fifth larval instar. Imaginal discs, normally seen only during instar IV in Chironomidae, develop across both instars IV & V prior to pupation and adult emergence. While monitoring larval development post-thaw in 2014, we noticed freshly-molted T. alaskensis larval exuviae a week or more prior to any pupation by that species. In 2015-16 we reared overwintering instar IV larvae from single pond sources, individually with daily monitoring, through molts to instar V, pupa, and adult. Some overwintering instar II and III larvae were reared as well, but were few in number. During 2016 we also reared T. alaskensis progeny (from eggs) through instar II, thus documenting head capsule size ranges for all five instars in a single pond’s population. Without individual rearings, the fifth larval instar was not readily apparent for two reasons: 1) The molt itself occurs immediately after thaw and is so synchronous it is difficult to discern in daily field samples. 2) The head capsule size increment between instars IV-V is much lower than the ratio predicted by the Brooks-Dyar Rule. Up through instar IV, the Brooks-Dyar ratio for T. alaskensis ranged 1.30-1.61, but during the IV-V molt head capsule dimensions (sexes pooled) increased by a ratio of 1.09 – comparable to the magnitude of sexual dimorphism in head capsule size within each of the final two larval instars. Individual rearings coupled with 2014-2016 field surveys in nine other ponds suggest that five larval instars is an obligatory trait of this species at this location. As this is the first confirmed case of five larval instars in a chironomid, the phylogenetic uniqueness of this trait needs further investigation.
Do carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) exhibit similar diversity and distributional patterns along a spatio-temporal gradient on a glacier foreland?
Authors: Gobbi Mauro , Lencioni Valeria
Published: June 2018

Carabid beetles and chironomid midges are two dominant cold-adapted taxa, respectively on glacier forefiel terrains and in glacial-stream rivers. Although their sensitivity to high altitude climate warming is well known, no studies compare the species assemblages exhibited in glacial systems. Our study compares diversity and distributional patterns of carabids and chironomids in the foreland of the receding Amola glacier in central-eastern Italian Alps. Carabids were sampled by pitfall traps; chironomids by kick sampling in sites located at the same distance from the glacier as the terrestrial ones. The distance from the glacier front was considered as a proxy for time since deglaciation since these variables are positively correlated. We tested if the distance from the glacier front affects: i) the species richness; ii) taxonomic diversity; and iii) species turnover. Carabid species richness and taxonomic diversity increased positively from recently deglaciated sites (those c. 160 m from the glacier front) to sites deglaciated more than 160yrs ago (those located >1300 m from glacier front). Species distributions along the glacier foreland were characterized by mutually exclusive species. Conversely, no pattern in chironomid species richness and turnover was observed. Interestingly, taxonomic diversity increased significantly: closely related species were found near the glacier front, while the most taxonomically diverse species assemblages were found distant from the glacier front. Increasing glacial retreat differently affect epigeic and aquatic insect taxa: carabids respond faster to glacier retreat than do chironomids, at least in species richness and species turnover patterns.
Motives influencing Facebook usage as a social networking site: An empirical study using international students
Authors: Gwena Courage , Chinyamurindi Willie T. , Marange Chioneso
Published: June 2018

Orientation: Recent trends in the world show a growing usage of social networking sites. Research has grown in interest on understanding uses of social networking sites by different groups of people. With increasing numbers of international students being hosted by South African institutions, it is imperative that special focus should be directed towards understanding their usage of social networking sites as part of their lived experience.Research purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the motives influencing Facebook usage amongst international students at a rural campus in South Africa.Motivation for the study: Continued increase in international student enrolment at South African institutions, coupled with rising popularity of social networking sites amongst university students, has presented a new area to carry out research of this nature.Research approach, design and method: A quantitative research approach was followed in carrying out this study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed to answer the research questions of the study. The respondents (n= 158) were international students enrolled at a rural university campus in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa during the 2016 academic year.Main findings: Motives for Facebook usage were found to be positively related to Facebook usage.Practical and managerial implications: Findings of this study can assist international education practitioners to develop strategies that will aid in understanding how international students operate in the higher education context.
The influence of internationalisation of labour on the performance of small-scale rural-based agricultural firms: A South African perspective
Authors: Rambe Patient
Published: June 2018

Orientation: The main objective of this study is to determine the extent to which small-scale, rural-based agricultural firms in South Africa use foreign labour.Research purpose: South African business owners or managers’ perceived preference for labour from foreign nationals has heightened South African nationals’ concerns that these owners or managers are prejudicing local citizens under the guise of reducing overhead costs.Motivation for the study: There is a scarcity of studies on the influence of free movement of foreign labour on the performance of small-scale, rural-based agricultural firms in South Africa.Research design, approach and method: A cross-sectional survey research was conducted among 151 small-scale agricultural businesses’ (SSABs) owners or managers in Vryburg-Pokwani in North West and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Furthermore, post hoc comparisons (Bonferroni) were conducted to establish the long-term performance expectations based on these firms’ utilisation of foreign labour.Main findings: The results showed that the majority (70.9%) of SSABs did not employ foreign labour. Moreover, despite the statistically significant differences in the performance of SSABs based on their usage of foreign labour, SSABs’ orientation towards internationalisation of labour increased with increased deployment of foreign labour.Practical and managerial implications: The study recommended the possibility of deploying highly skilled, value-adding and value-creating foreign labour, while rationalising the recruitment of semi-skilled and unskilled local labour.Contribution or value addition: The results are of significance to SSABs that need to consider the economic benefits of recruiting foreign labour even if that may increase their overhead costs.
Comparing clinical effects of marbofloxacin and gamithromycin in goat kids with pneumonia
Authors: Kacar Yigit , Batmaz Hasan , Yilmaz Ozge E. , Mecitoglu Zafer
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of a single-dose of gamithromycin (GM) or marbofloxacin (MR) in kids with naturally occurring pneumonia. Thirty-six kids, aged 2–2.5 months, with body weight ranging from 12 kg to 18 kg were presented with clinical signs of pneumonia. The most prominent clinical findings were an increase in the respiratory rate, crackling lung sounds on auscultation, coughing, nasal discharge and an increased rectal temperature. Mannheimia haemolytica and Mycoplasma spp. colonies were isolated from microbiological examination of six transtracheal washes and lung tissues of one necropsied kid. The severity of pneumonia was evaluated by using cumulative clinical score (CCS). The CCS of the 36 kids used in the study were four and above. Kids were randomly divided into two equal groups; the GM group received a single subcutaneous dose of GM at a dosage of 6 mg/kg and the MR group received MR intramuscularly at a dosage of 8 mg/kg as a single-dose. No side effects related to the drugs were detected in either group. All 36 kids were clinically examined 3 weeks after the initiation of the treatment. Clinical signs in both groups were almost completely absent at the end of the study. A single administration of GM or MR was successfully used in the treatment of kids with pneumonia.
Assessing high performance: A South African case study
Authors: Hattingh Christiaan , De Waal André , Parsons Phillip
Published: June 2018

The dual challenge of globalisation of competition and global economic slowdown has increasingly forced businesses to do introspection not only in terms of their cost structures, but also in terms of their value proposition in search of sustainable organisational success. Given the limited influence that organisations, in general, have over their external environments, organisations have become more focussed on identifying internal constraints that inhibit rapid responses to market challenges and opportunities, and on identifying the interventions that are most critical to address these issues. This study focussed on the organisational characteristics that drive high performance, derived from De Waal’s high-performance organisation (HPO) framework, and proposed interventions to enhance the development of a high performance culture within the case company. Employing a self-administered questionnaire, it was possible to determine the performance of the case company across a range of five critical dimensions for high performance. A detailed analysis of each of the 35 questions provided an in-depth picture of the organisation’s strong and weak points and, from this analysis, specific actions to address the areas of weakness were identified. The study confirmed the robustness of the HPO framework employed as well as demonstrating its usefulness to management in terms of a detailed analysis of where the organisation was positioned in terms of the various high performance factors that are linked to organisational success.
The devil's in the disequilibrium: multi-component analysis of dissolved carbon and oxygen changes under a broad range of forcings in a general circulation model
Authors: Eggleston Sarah , Galbraith Eric D.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The complexity of dissolved gas cycling in the ocean presents a
challenge for mechanistic understanding and can hinder model intercomparison.
One helpful approach is the conceptualization of dissolved gases as the sum
of multiple, strictly defined components. Here we decompose dissolved
inorganic carbon (DIC) into four components: saturation
(DICsat), disequilibrium (DICdis), carbonate
(DICcarb), and soft tissue (DICsoft). The cycling
of dissolved oxygen is simpler, but can still be aided by considering
O2, O2sat, and O2dis. We explore changes in
these components within a large suite of simulations with a complex coupled
climate–biogeochemical model, driven by changes in astronomical parameters,
ice sheets, and radiative forcing, in order to explore the potential
importance of the different components to ocean carbon storage on long
timescales. We find that both DICsoft and DICdis
vary over a range of 40 µmol kg−1 in response to the climate
forcing, equivalent to changes in atmospheric pCO2 on the
order of 50 ppm for each. The most extreme values occur at the
coldest and intermediate climate states. We also find significant changes in
O2 disequilibrium, with large increases under cold climate states. We
find that, despite the broad range of climate states represented, changes in
global DICsoft can be quantitatively approximated by the
product of deep ocean ideal age and the global export production flux. In
contrast, global DICdis is dominantly controlled by the
fraction of the ocean filled by Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Because the
AABW fraction and ideal age are inversely correlated among the simulations,
DICdis and DICsoft are also inversely correlated,
dampening the overall changes in DIC. This inverse correlation could be
decoupled if changes in deep ocean mixing were to alter ideal age
independently of AABW fraction, or if independent ecosystem changes were to
alter export and remineralization, thereby modifying DICsoft.
As an example of the latter, we show that iron fertilization causes both
DICsoft and DICdis to increase and that the
relationship between these two components depends on the climate state. We
propose a simple framework to consider the global contribution of
DICsoft+DICdis to ocean carbon storage
as a function of the surface preformed nitrate and DICdis of
dense water formation regions, the global volume fractions ventilated by
these regions, and the global nitrate inventory.
Trace chemical species in marine incubation experiments, part A. Experiment design and bacterial abundance control extracellular H2O2 concentrations
Authors: Hopwood Mark J. , Sanchez Nicolas , Polyviou Despo , Leiknes Øystein , Gallego-Urrea Julian , Achterberg Eric P. , Ardelan Murat V. , Aristegui Javier , Bach Lennart , Besiktepe Sengul , Heriot Yohann , Kalantzi Ioanna , Kurt Tuba Terbıyık , Santi Ioulia , Tsagaraki Tatiana M. , Turner David
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The extracellular concentration of H2O2 in surface aquatic environments is controlled by a balance between photochemical production and the microbial synthesis of catalase and peroxidase enzymes to remove H2O2 from solution. In any kind of incubation experiment, the formation rates and equilibrium concentrations of ROS may be sensitive to both the experiment design (particularly to the regulation of incident light) and the abundance of different microbial groups (as both cellular H2O2 production and catalase/peroxidase enzyme production rates differ between species). Whilst there are extensive measurements of photochemical H2O2 formation rates and the distribution of H2O2 in the marine environment, it is poorly constrained how different microbial groups affect extracellular H2O2 concentrations, how comparable extracellular H2O2 concentrations within large scale incubation experiments are to those observed in the surface-mixed layer, and to what extent a miss-match with environmentally relevant concentrations of ROS in incubations could influence biological processes differently to what would be observed in nature. Here we show that both experiment design and bacterial abundance consistently exert control on extracellular H2O2 concentrations across a range of incubation experiments in diverse marine environments. During 4 large scale (> 1000 L) mesocosm experiments (in Gran Canaria, the Mediteranean, Patagonia and Svalbard) most experimental factors appeared to exert only minor, or no, direct effect on H2O2 concentrations. For example, in 3 of 4 experiments where pH was manipulated (to 0.4–0.5 below ambient pH) no significant change was evident in extracellular H2O2 concentrations relative to controls. An influence was sometimes inferred from zooplankton density, but not consistently between different incubation experiments and no change in H2O2 was evident in controlled experiments using different densities of the copepod Calanus finmarchichus grazing on the diatom Skeletonema costatum (
UDASH – Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography
Authors: Behrendt Axel , Sumata Hiroshi , Rabe Benjamin , Schauer Ursula
Published: June 2018

Abstract. UDASH (Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography) is a unified and high-quality temperature and salinity data set for the
Arctic Ocean and the subpolar seas north of 65∘ N for the period
1980–2015. The archive aims at including all publicly available data and so
far consists of 288 532 oceanographic profiles measured mainly with
conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) probes, bottles, mechanical thermographs
and expendable thermographs. The data were collected by ships, ice-tethered
profilers, profiling floats and other platforms. To achieve a uniform quality
level, suitable for a wide range of oceanographic analyses, approximately 74
million single measurements of temperature and salinity were thoroughly
quality checked. A large number of duplicate and erroneous profiles were
detected and not included in the archive. Data outliers were flagged for
quick identification. The final archive provides a unique and simple way of
accessing most of the available temperature and salinity data for the Arctic
Ocean and can be downloaded from
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.872931.
High-performance software framework for the calculation of satellite-to-satellite data matchups (MMS version 1.2)
Authors: Block Thomas , Embacher Sabine , Merchant Christopher J. , Donlon Craig
Published: June 2018

Abstract. We present a multisensor matchup system (MMS) that allows systematic
detection of satellite-based sensor-to-sensor matchups and the extraction of
local subsets of satellite data around matchup locations. The software system
implements a generic matchup-detection approach and is currently being used
for validation and sensor harmonization purposes. An overview of the flexible
and highly configurable software architecture and the target processing
environments is given. We discuss improvements implemented with respect to
heritage systems, and present some performance comparisons. A detailed
description of the intersection algorithm is given, which allows a fast
matchup detection in geometry and time.
Adopting the I3–R24 rainfall index and landslide susceptibility for the establishment of an early warning model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides
Authors: Wei Lun-Wei , Huang Chuen-Ming , Chen Hongey , Lee Chyi-Tyi , Chi Chun-Chi , Chiu Chen-Lung
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Rainfall-induced landslides number among the most devastating natural hazards in the world and early warning models are urgently needed to reduce losses and fatalities. Most landslide early warning systems are based on rainfall thresholds defined on the regional scale, regardless of the different landslide susceptibilities of various slopes. Here we divided slope units in southern Taiwan into three categories (high, moderate and low) according to their susceptibility. For each category, we established separate rainfall thresholds so as to provide differentiated thresholds for different degrees of susceptibility. Logistic regression (LR) analysis was performed to evaluate landslide susceptibility by using event-based landslide inventories and predisposing factors. Analysis of rainfall patterns of 941 landslide cases gathered from field investigation led to the recognition that 3 h mean rainfall intensity (I3) is a key rainfall index for rainfall of short duration but high intensity; in contrast, 24 h accumulated rainfall (R24) was recognized as a key rainfall index for rainfall of long duration but low intensity. Thus, the I3–R24 rainfall index was used to establish rainfall thresholds in this study. Finally, an early warning model is proposed by setting alert levels including yellow (advisory), orange (watch) and red (warning) according to a hazard matrix. These differentiated thresholds and alert levels can provide essential information for local governments to use in deciding whether to evacuate residents.
Doctoral Program in Educational Leadership Redesign: Utilizing a Multicriteria Framework
Authors: Ezzani Miriam D. , Paufler Noelle A.
Published: June 2018

The development of educational leaders, who have a profound influence in shaping a culture of organizational learning; ethical community engagement; advocacy for diversity, equity and inclusion; and theory to practice solutions, is the aim of redesign efforts in one educational leadership (EDLE) program in the United States. These ideas, grounded in a multicriteria framework, are reified in the Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate’s (CPED) Principles and Design Concepts and reinforced by the University Council for Educational Administration (UCEA) criteria. Yet, right from the beginning, faculty struggled with ideological differences and logistical challenges. Without the dean and department chair’s collaborative, visionary leadership and support of key faculty, efforts to redesign the program would have been stifled. We argue that the multicriteria framework, underscoring the importance of collaborative leadership, is the cornerstone of the education doctorate program redesign. The article’s contributions are intended to inform the planning, implementation, and evaluation of this program redesign and its impact.
Prostate Biopsy after Abdominoperineal Resection: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Morlacco Alessandro , Bierti Sergio , Abbinante Maria , Frea Bruno , Crivellaro Simone
Published: June 2018

Prostate biopsy in patients who underwent abdominoperineal resection (APR) of the rectum is commonly considered a technical challenge even for experienced urologists, although tissue diagnosis is essential in prostate cancer management. Transperitoneal, transperineal and transgluteal approaches have been reported, under US, CT or MRI guidance. Transperineal biopsy seems to be the safest and most cost-effective technique. At our institution we developed a modified transperineal biopsy approach with combined transperineal and suprapubic US guidance. Here we report the cases of two patients who came to our institution for PSA raise years after APR procedure, describing in detail the modified transperineal technique and the results of tissue sampling.
John Gower, Squire of Kent, the Peasants' Revolt, and the Visio Anglie
Authors: Bennett Michael
Published: June 2018

Though the status of John Gower as a squire of Kent is acknowledged, it has been generally assumed that the poet sold the manor of Aldington by Thurnham, his chief holding in Kent, in 1373, moving to Southwark shortly afterwards. This grant, however, was not a sale, but an enfeoffment to uses, through which Gower retained a beneficial interest. Gower's occupation of the property in 1381 is attested by his action to enforce a contract for the rebuilding of his house there. The evidence that he was living at Aldington, close to Maidstone, an epicenter of the Peasants' Revolt, provides a new perspective on his representation of the rising in Vox Clamantis, Book 1 (Visio Anglie). A recognition that the grantees in 1373, including Lord Cobham, were Gower's trusted friends provides a clearer view of his social circle and helps to explain his views of Richard II.
“They weren no thyng ydel”: Noblemen and Their Supporters in Chaucer's Knight's Tale
Authors: Stewart James T.
Published: June 2018

In Chaucer's Knight's Tale, chivalric heroism depends on a knight's ability to exercise both prowess and lordship. This article analyzes chivalry in Chaucer's romance alongside medieval didactic texts and modern historical discussions of the English nobility to suggest that the medieval imagination considered noble social status, and the personal control of men that status implied, to be an integral aspect of knighthood. As Theseus, Palamon, and Arcite call upon attendants in preparation for combat and prestigious displays, they demonstrate Chaucer's interest in interdependent relationships between noblemen and their supporters. The tale characterizes chivalry as an organizing principle that links men together with bonds of mutual loyalty.
“An irous man”: Anger and Authority in the Summoner's Tale
Authors: Cels Marc B.
Published: June 2018

The theme of wrath in the Summoner's Tale is revisited in light of the medieval moral tradition disseminated through pastoral commonplaces. Although it was counted among the Deadly Sins, anger was considered virtuous when used for correcting sin. Friar John's discourse on anger and his conversations with other characters in the tale revolve around the relationship of social status to the legitimacy of anger, or zeal for correction. Previous studies have shown that the vicious anger of Friar John undermines the authority of mendicants. Here it is argued that the right ordering of anger by aristocratic characters at the manor hall legitimizes their authority. They practice the virtues opposed to wrath and employ pastoral remedies against John's ire. Finally, Jankyn punishes the friar with his witty and courtly solution to dividing Thomas's fart. Aristocratic authority over other social estates is dramatized at the expense of undermining mendicant and clerical pretenses.
Reading Family in the Rate Manuscript's Saint Eustace and Sir Isumbras
Authors: Matlock Wendy A.
Published: June 2018

A close resemblance between Sir Isumbras and Saint Eustace has long been recognized. Indeed, they appear together in Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Ashmole 61, a miscellaneous manuscript copied sometime around 1500 by a single scribe who signs the name Rate. Rate places the two narratives first and fifth in the Ashmole manuscript, with intervening poems that provide instruction for the community and household. Bringing together four different genres from three different centuries, Rate's initial scribal activity domesticates these aristocratic narratives for a bourgeois audience by highlighting the affective family already visible in both Saint Eustace and Sir Isumbras. This article argues that the first five poems in Ashmole 61 constitute the nuclear family with a strong patriarch as the foundation of Christian society.
Paciente não sindrômico com múltiplos dentes supranumerários: relato de caso
Authors: Ames Bruna Raquel , Stolz Aléxsandra Da Silva Botezeli , Borges Paolla Zellya
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: relatar a presença de quatorze elementossupranumerários e o manejo clínico da condição empaciente sem síndrome ou doença associada. Relato deCaso: paciente do gênero feminino, 29 anos de idade,leucoderma, procurou atendimento com a queixa denão ter conseguido realizar tratamento ortodôntico. Aoexame intrabucal, constatou-se tumefação em regiãovestibular aos elementos 35 e 45, além da presença deelementos supranumerários parcialmente erupcionados.A história médica da paciente não foi contributiva.Foram solicitados exames de imagem, a partir dos quaisfoi diagnosticada a presença de quatorze elementosdentais supranumerários localizados bilateralmente,tanto em maxila como mandíbula. Foram excluídas algumassíndromes. Optou-se pela extração de todos osdentes supranumerários. Considerações Finais: dentessupranumerários é uma condição pouco frequente napopulação e ainda menos prevalente quando consideradosmúltiplos dentes supranumerários em pacientesnão sindrômicos. Clinicamente, elementos supranumeráriospodem causar danos às estruturas adjacentes eo tratamento dessa condição deve ser multidisciplinar,sendo avaliada a presença ou a ausência de síndromeassociada, para optar pelo melhor tratamento, que, geralmente,se baseia na exodontia dos elementos e posteriortratamento ortodôntico.
Palavras-chave: Cirurgia Bucal. Dente supranumerário.Dente Impactado. Tomografia Computadorizada porRaios-X.
Lesão periférica de células gigantes em região palatina anterior: excisão cirúrgica e acompanhamento de um ano
Authors: França Samuel Rocha , Matos Maria Franciele Soares , Sampieri Marcelo Bonifácio da Silva , Chaves Filipe Nobre , Pereira Karuza Maria Alves , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes
Published: June 2018

A lesão periférica de células gigantes (LPCG) é consideradaum processo proliferativo não neoplásico.Acredita-se que seu fator etiológico esteja associado aofator reacional, como o trauma ou a irritação local. Tallesão pode se desenvolver em região anterior e regiãoposterior de gengiva ou em rebordo alveolar, sendo amandíbula mais afetada do que a maxila. Objetivo: esteestudo relata o caso clínico de uma paciente do sexofeminino, 38 anos de idade, que possuía um crescimentoexofítico em região anterior de palato duro. Relatode caso: esse crescimento apresentava formato nodular,de superfície lobulada com áreas ulceradas, medindo20 mm, localizado na região de papila incisiva. Combase nas características clínicas, o tratamento realizadofoi a biópsia excisional, seguido de raspagem e alisamentoradicular. No exame histopatológico, foram evidenciadasáreas de proliferação de células gigantes ediscreta pigmentação por hemossiderina, confirmandoa hipótese diagnóstica de LPCG. Considerações finais:o acompanhamento pós-operatório evidenciou um ótimoprocesso de cicatrização sem recidiva após um anodesde o início do tratamento.
Palavras-chave: Biópsia. Lesão periférica de células gigantes.Placa dental.
Caracterização da má oclusão e do perfil facial de pré-escolares do interior sergipano – um estudo preliminar
Authors: César Carla P. H. A. R. , Silva Jaqueline Carvalho , Santos Isadora Dos Diniz , Silva Luanderson Oliveira , Paranhos Luiz Renato
Published: June 2018

Anomalias na morfologia facial e na oclusão dental podemacarretar alterações nas funções orais bem comona autoestima, sendo importante que tais problemassejam detectados o mais precocemente possível parauma adequada intervenção. Objetivo: caracterizar amá oclusão e o perfil facial de pré-escolares do interiordo estado de Sergipe. Material e método: em um estudoobservacional, de caráter transversal, de forma aleatória,foram selecionadas duas pré-escolas do estado deSergipe que estivessem atreladas à Diretoria Regionalde Educação (DR2), sendo sorteados os municípios deLagarto e Salgado e eleitas as escolas localizadas nocentro. Após apresentação da proposta aos gestores eaos familiares, obteve-se o consentimento para a realizaçãode triagem envolvendo a face e a oclusão. Osresultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatísticadescritiva e ao teste Qui-Quadrado, com relevânciaadotada de 5%. Resultados: a idade da amostra variouentre 2:5 e 5:11 (média 4,57 ± 1,6), totalizando 86pré-escolares, desses, 44 (51,16%) do sexo feminino.A maioria dos participantes apresentou perfil convexo(73; 84,88%), dentadura decídua (62; 72,09%) e oclusãoalterada (51; 59,3%). Não foi encontrado resultadoestatisticamente significativo entre as dentaduras eo perfil facial. Conclusão: o perfil convexo prevaleceucomo características de pré-escolares do interior sergipano.Os pré-escolares apresentaram alterações naoclusão, revelando necessidade de intervenção precoce.É necessária a implantação do serviço ortodônticonos municípios envolvidos na pesquisa.
Palavras-chave: Face. Má oclusão. Pré-escolar.
Clareamento dentário durante tratamento ortodôntico
Authors: Freire Ana Lúcia Alves de Oliveira , Pedrosa Marlus Da Silva , Vasconselos Marcus Barreto , Lopes Maura Régia Lima Verde Moura , Lopes Rianny Maria Barros , Carvalho Maria Reggiani Azevedo
Published: June 2018

Objetivo: foi revisar a literatura atualmente disponívelsobre clareamento dentário durante o tratamento ortodôntico.Revisão de literatura: uma pesquisa bibliográficaexploratória foi realizada na base de dados eletrônicaPublic Medline (PubMed) empregando os termos de busca“dental bleaching” ou “tooth whitening” e “orthodontics”.Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos de pesquisasoriginais e ensaios clínicos, publicados em português,espanhol ou inglês. Não foram aplicados limites à data depublicação. A busca resultou em um total de três estudos,publicados em 2011, 2014 e 2016. Há evidência de estudosclínicos que ressaltam a eficácia do clareamento dentárioem pacientes que usam aparelho ortodôntico. Outro estudomostra diferenças significativas entre a cor geral do dente ea da superfície abaixo dos braquetes ortodônticos. Consideraçõesfinais: há necessidade de estudos com metodologiasacuradas, a fim de que se possam fornecer dados maisprecisos para alicerçar recomendações clínicas, técnicas emateriais, quando se considera essa abordagem de tratamento.
Palavras-chave: Clareamento dental. Estética dentária.Ortodontia.
Linear polymerization shrinkage of Bulk Fill resins
Authors: Correia Tereza Cristina , Da Silva Rodivan Braz , Grangeiro Manassés Tercio Vieira , De Souza Helen Tayná Noca , Sousa Lorem Krsna de Morais , Feitosa Diala Aretha de Sousa
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Objective: the objective of the present study was to analyze the polymerization shrinkage gap of different composite resins. Methods: four commercial brands (n=5) were tested: Z350 (3M/ESPE); Filtek Bulk Fill (3M/ESPE); Surefill (Dentsply); Xtra Base (Voco). Increments of composite resins were inserted into a circular metal matrix of 7 mm internal diameter and 4 mm high and pressed by two glass plates supported on polyester strips. After photoactivation with a Optilight Plus device (Gnatus), with light intensity of 1000 ± 10mW/cm2, the test samples were polished and 24h later, taken to the scanning electron microscope for analysis of the polymerization shrinkage gap, measured at 4 points in the sample (3, 6, 9, and 12 o’clock). The data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova one-way). Results: the highest mean of polymerization shrinkage gap was observed for Filtek Z350 (3M/ESPE), while the lowest mean of gap was found for Xtra Base (Voco) brand, with significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: the inorganic filler content and different associations in the organic matrices interfered expressively in the polymerization shrinkage gap.
Keywords: Composite resins. Bulk Fill resins. Polymerization shrinkage.
Fatores determinantes do comportamento do consumidor em relação aos restaurantes vegetarianos e perspectiva de um restaurante indiano em Cascavel/PR
Authors: De Souza Paetzhold Thiago Pereira , Cardoso Bárbara Françoise , Assis Shikida Pery Francisco
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivos verificar a satisfação do consumidor em relação aos restaurantes vegetarianos existentes na cidade de Cascavel e o comportamento desse perante a inserção de um restaurante indiano na cidade. Nesse sentido, analisam-se os pontos fortes e os fracos, as oportunidades e ameaças existentes no contexto dos restaurantes vegetarianos em Cascavel. Para tanto, foi formulado um questionário cuja aplicação realizou-se por meio de intervenção aleatória com entrevistados nos restaurantes vegetarianos e nas ruas. Os resultados mostraram que o consumidor de Cascavel está satisfeito com o atendimento dos restaurantes vegetarianos da cidade, havendo aprovação de 90% dos entrevistados. Quanto ao comportamento em relação à inserção de um restaurante indiano na cidade, 66% dos entrevistados demonstraram vontade de conhecer a alimentação indiana; e 44% estariam dispostos a pagar entre R$ 10,00 e R$ 15,00 para almoçar e 47% estariam dispostos a pagar entre R$ 25,00 e R$ 50,00 para jantar em um restaurante indiano. As oportunidades encontradas podem suprir os pontos fracos dos restaurantes, caso haja investimentos maiores para ampliação e diversificação, além de divulgação. As ameaças também podem ser minimizadas com mais investimentos em marketing e propaganda, além de mostrar à população os benefícios
de uma alimentação saudável.
Palavras-chave: Comportamento do consumidor. Cultura indiana. Vegetarianismo.
COMPOSIÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E FITOSSOCIOLÓGICA DO MANGUEZAL DA ZONA PORTUÁRIA DE SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO, BRASIL
Authors: Gonçalves Alexandre Leão , Da Cruz Vanessa Maria Silva , Campos Jamerson Rodrigo Dos Prazeres , Souza Deivison Venicio
Published: June 2018

Os manguezais estão entre os ecossistemas mais vulneráveis e passíveis de degradação, necessitando-se de estudos que auxiliem na sua compreensão. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características florísticas e fitossociológicas do manguezal da zona portuária de São Luís – MA. Foram instaladas 20 parcelas medindo 20 m x 20 m (400 m²), por meio de uma amostragem inteiramente aleatória, onde foram quantificados todos os indivíduos arbóreos com diâmetro a 1,3 m maior ou igual a 5 cm, tendo o auxílio de uma fita métrica, ao passo que a altura das árvores foi estimada por meio do método de superposição de ângulos. Os indivíduos inventariados foram agrupados em classes de diâmetro e de altura, e calculou-se os parâmetros fitossociológicos das espécies. Na distribuição diamétrica, a maioria dos indivíduos se enquadrou nas menores classes, enquanto na distribuição de altura, a maior parte se concentrou nas classes intermediárias. Quantificou-se 365 indivíduos distribuídos em três famílias, três gêneros e quatro espécies, dentre as quais Rhizophora mangle apresentou o maior número de indivíduos (321) e os maiores valores em todos os parâmetros fitossociológicos, com valor de importância de 81,49. Dessa maneira, constatou-se que R. mangle é a espécie mais importante para a área investigada e, apesar dessa predominância, a vegetação é estruturalmente heterogênea.
ANÁLISE DO POTENCIAL DE GERAÇÃO DE BIOGÁS A PARTIR DA BIODIGESTÃO ANAERÓBIA DA VINHAÇA E BAGAÇO DE CANA
Authors: Penteado Mauricio Cabral , Schirmer Waldir Nagel , Dourado David Cardoso , Gueri Matheus Victor Diniz
Published: June 2018

Considerando a busca por fontes de energias alternativas aos combustíveis fósseis, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o potencial de geração de biogás a partir da codigestão da vinhaça e bagaço de cana-de-açúcar em reatores de bancada próprios à determinação do potencial bioquímico de metano (BMP). Para isso, a produção de biogás foi avaliada durante 21 dias de biodigestão em biodigestores anaeróbios de bancada sob condições mesofílicas e regime de batelada. A pressão interna dos frascos foi monitorada diariamente, a qual foi convertida em termos de geração de biogás diária e acumulada. Parâmetros como pH, demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) e umidade foram medidos nos três tratamentos avaliados (vinhaça, bagaço e codigestão da vinhaça e bagaço), de modo a relacioná-los com a produção de biogás observada no período de biodigestão. A biodigestão da vinhaça e codigestão da vinhaça e bagaço de cana apresentaram o mesmo volume de biogás acumulado (próximo aos 2,5 mL) ao longo do período de incubação. Portanto, pelas condições do experimento adotadas neste estudo, os dois substratos avaliados não mostraram potencial de geração de biogás satisfatório, mesmo quando codigeridos. Desse modo, pode-se inferir que adição de um inóculo pode auxiliar a ativação do potencial de geração de biogás.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE METODOLOGIAS USEPA E IPCC PARA ESTIMATIVA TEÓRICA DE PRODUÇÃO DE BIOGÁS EM ATERRO MUNICIPAL
Authors: Bianek Julia , Schirmer Waldir Nagel , Cabral Alexandre Rodrigues , Mayer Cléverson Luiz Dias , Eurich Pedro Henrique Mildemberger , Martins Eduardo Henrique
Published: June 2018

O aproveitamento energético do biogás de aterros sanitários é uma alternativa sustentável para a disposição final de gases residuais. A estimativa teórica da produção desse biogás torna-se uma ferramenta útil para a avaliação de viabilidade e dimensionamento de sistemas de coleta de gás. Os modelos de geração de biogás de aterro mais utilizados atualmente são os baseados em equações de decaimento de primeira ordem. Os modelos LandGEM e IPCC foram utilizados neste trabalho para a estimativa da geração de gases no aterro municipal de Guarapuava (PR, Brasil), onde os principais parâmetros foram escolhidos com base nos dados frequentemente aplicados para cada modelo: valores default sugeridos para as condições locais específicas, para a aplicação do software LandGEM; e cálculo do potencial de geração de metano (L0) a partir da análise gravimétrica dos resíduos, para a aplicação da equação sugerida pelo IPCC. Estimou-se uma produção total de biogás de 44.466.711 Nm3.ano-1 aplicando LandGEM e 60.080.906 Nm3.ano-1 aplicando IPCC, onde os picos de produção foram observados nos anos de 2021 e 2020, respectivamente. A escolha do modelo mais adequado dependerá dos dados disponíveis e, para maior aproximação de resultados reais, os parâmetros adotados devem ser analisados com cautela, considerando as diferentes condições climáticas e operacionais de cada caso.
INFLUÊNCIA DA ADIÇÃO DE CELULOSE NANOFIBRILADA (CNF) NAS PROPRIEDADES ÓPTICAS E FÍSICAS DO PAPEL
Authors: Potulski Daniele Cristina , Stygar Lopes Marina , Muniz Graciela Inês Bolzon de , Carneiro Mayara Elita , Andrade Alan Sulato de
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da incorporação de celulose nanofibrilada (CNF) sobre as propriedades ópticas e físicas do papel. Foi utilizada polpa Kraft branqueada de Eucalyptus sp. para produção das folhas. Para produção da CNF, a polpa foi processada mecanicamente no moinho desfibrilador Super Masscolloider Masuko Sangyo. Para visualização das estruturas e dimensões da celulose e da CNF, foi usada a microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e de varredura. A viscosidade foi usada para verificar o grau de polimerização das amostras. O índice de cristalinidade foi obtido usando difração de Raios-X. Foram confeccionados papéis com grau de refinação 15 e 25 °SR, com adição de 0% a 6% de CNF. Na sequência, estes foram avaliados por meio das propriedades ópticas (alvura e opacidade) e propriedades físicas (espessura, densidade aparente e permeância ao ar). O processo mecânico gerou o desfibrilamento interno e externo, promovendo a redução nas dimensões das fibras para a escala nanométrica. O processo de desfibrilação também causou a redução da cristalinidade e da viscosidade. De forma geral, as pequenas variações observadas para a alvura e a opacidade, bem como os aumentos significativos na densidade aparente e na resistência à passagem ao ar possibilitam a utilização da celulose nanofibrilada como um material renovável e biodegradável na produção de papéis.
PERDAS VOLUMÉTRICAS RELATIVAS À COLHEITA FLORESTAL E SEUS REFLEXOS ECONÔMICOS
Authors: Serpe Edson Luis , Filho Afonso Figueiredo , Arce Julio Eduardo
Published: June 2018

As perdas volumétricas relativas à colheita florestal e seus reflexos econômicos, apresentam grande interesse as empresas florestais. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar percentuais de perdas na colheita florestal, os quais podem contribuir para a maior assertividade na valoração de ativos florestais. Foram utilizadas 100 árvores-amostra, selecionadas de acordo com a distribuição de frequência por classe diamétrica em um censo florestal. O número de árvores por classe diamétrica foi definida proporcionalmente a frequência encontrada. As perdas volumétricas quantificadas na colheita florestal, foram: resíduo, toco conforme, serragem de derrubada, serragem de processamento, toco não conforme e quebra de fuste. As perdas volumétricas e econômicas foram divididas em perdas inerentes ao processo e perdas de colheita florestal. As perdas volumétricas foram de 11,92% e as perdas econômicas representam R$ 330,85.ha-1. A perda econômica do volume retido no toco acima do padrão, foi de R$ 30,60.ha-1 e a perda por quebra de fuste foi de R$ 300,25.ha-1.
AJUSTE SIMULTÂNEO NA PREDIÇÃO DE BIOMASSA AÉREA EM Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze
Authors: Oliveira Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de , Lima Edberto Moura , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Dalla Corte Ana Paula
Published: June 2018

Atualmente a estimativa da biomassa é feita de forma independente para cada compartimento da árvore, entretanto estudos mostram a importância do ajuste simultâneo para garantir a melhor predição da biomassa por compartimento e total. O estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver modelos alométricos por compartimento e utilizar o ajuste simultâneo de equações para a predição da biomassa da copa, fuste e aérea de Araucaria angustifolia. Foram mensurados diâmetro (dap), altura (ht), densidade básica da madeira (ρ) e, pelo método destrutivo, a biomassa verde da copa e fuste. Amostras foram tomadas para a determinação da biomassa seca. Foi realizada correlação de Pearson (5%) entre as variáveis e testados 10 modelos para a estimativa da biomassa seca dos compartimentos. Os critérios de seleção dos modelos compreenderam R²aj, Syx%, AIC, testes de Breusch-Pagan, Shapiro-Wilk e Durbin-Watson. Após a escolha do melhor modelo foi aplicada a Distância Cook para retirada dos valores outliers. O modelo logaritimizado de dupla entrada (dap e ht) apresentou melhor desempenho para a biomassa da copa e o modelo de tripla entrada (dap, ht e ρ) para a biomassa do fuste e aérea. A retirada dos valores outliers melhorou as estatísticas de ajuste dos modelos. A aplicação do ajuste simultâneo representou melhora na estimativa da biomassa por garantir a aditividade dos componentes na predição da biomassa total. O uso do dap é importante na estimativa da biomassa do fuste, contudo, deve-se buscar outras variáveis que melhor se relacionem com a biomassa da copa, também podendo melhorar as estimativas com o uso do ajuste simultâneo.