bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Puzzle Feeders, Ice-Pops and Artificial Seaweed on Captive Harbour Seals (Phoca vitulina) Behaviour
Authors:   Northumbria University, Newby Jessica , Bell Ashleigh ,   Tynemouth Aquarium, Wilson Sophie ,   Tynemouth Aquarium, Cuculescu-Santana Mirela ,   Northumbria University
Published: October 2024

Environmental enrichment is used in zoos and aquaria to improve animal welfare through the stimulation of naturalistic behaviours and reduction of stereotypic behaviours. This study investigated the impact of new enrichment items on the behaviour of a group of captive adult harbour seals. Data were collected in summer-autumn 2023 using continuous scan sampling and all behaviours one-zero recording method for 1-minute intervals (4 hours/day, 8 days). Under standard enrichment conditions, more than 90% of the seals’ behavioural budget was represented by naturalistic behaviours, with low levels of pattern group swimming, which occurred mainly before the two daily shows. Group swimming decreased and random swimming increased before the seal shows on days with new enrichment, but these differences were not statistically significant. The presence of new enrichment items led to a significant increase in exploration and a significant decrease in group swimming only during the morning periods when the new items were actually present in the enclosure (p<0.05, Kruskal Wallis test). During these periods the seals interacted most frequently with the submersed fish-filled puzzle feeders and least frequently with the floating artificial seaweed. This study concluded that new environmental enrichment may be beneficial even for seals displaying low levels of stereotypic behaviours as it provides more behavioural choices and helps promote active naturalistic exploratory behaviours which may alleviate captivity induced stress and improve welfare.
Cuidados paliativos em oncologia: gerenciamento da dor e suporte integral
Authors: Carvalho Rayssa Julliane de , Cartaxo Emiliana Queiroga , Falcone Maria Luiza Ruberg , Pessoa Ana Carla de Arruda , Fonseca Rachel Cavalcanti
Published: October 2024

Cuidados paliativos (CPs) envolvem uma abordagem integrada que visa gerenciar aspectos biomédicos, psicológicos, sociais e espirituais para melhorar a qualidade de vida e aliviar sintomas em pacientes com doenças terminais. Este estudo é uma revisão integrativa sobre CPs em pacientes oncológicos, focando no manejo do dor e na melhoria da qualidade de vida. Utilizando a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, foram pesquisados artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024 com os descritores "Cuidados Paliativos AND Oncologia AND Idosos". Dos 11 artigos encontrados, 7 foram selecionados. Esses artigos mostram que os CPs são essenciais para pacientes com câncer avançado, ajudando a aliviar sintomas como dor e fadiga. As estratégias incluem o uso precoce de opioides, terapias complementares como estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea e, às vezes, cirurgias paliativas como amputação. A revisão destacou a importância das clínicas de CPs próximos aos pacientes para facilitar o acesso e promover uma abordagem holística. As consultas de CPs mostraram-se eficazes na redução de sintomas físicos e emocionais, melhorando significativamente a qualidade de vida durante o tratamento. Conclui-se que os CPs são fundamentais para oferecer conforto físico e emocional, e dignidade integral aos pacientes e suas famílias, garantindo uma abordagem personalizada em todas as fases da doença.
Pengembangan Umkm Sablon Rockbocil Di Desa Mundusari, Kecamatan Pusakanagara: Strategi Peningkatan Penjualan Dan Manajemen Keuangan
Authors: Solihat Iyak , Rahman Arif , Bayu Indra , Imam Chaerul
Published: October 2024

Desa Mundusari, Kecamatan Pusakanagara, memiliki potensi besar dalam sektor Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM), khususnya UMKM Sablon Rockbocil. UMKM ini menjadi salah satu yang diminati masyarakat setempat, namun masih menghadapi beberapa kendala yang menghambat perkembangan usahanya, seperti belum adanya legalitas resmi dari pemerintah kabupaten dan keterbatasan dalam manajemen keuangan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu UMKM Sablon Rockbocil dalam mengatasi berbagai tantangan tersebut, melalui beberapa intervensi seperti observasi lapangan, peningkatan kemampuan pemasaran terutama melalui platform online, dan perbaikan manajemen keuangan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan bantuan dan pelatihan yang tepat, UMKM Sablon Rockbocil mampu meningkatkan penjualan, mendapatkan legalitas usaha, dan menerapkan sistem manajemen keuangan yang lebih terstruktur. Dengan demikian, UMKM ini dapat lebih berkembang dan memberikan dampak positif yang lebih luas bagi perekonomian lokal di Desa Mundusari.
Strategi Peningkatan Legalitas, Pemasaran, Dan Keberlanjutan Usaha Dalam Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) Keripik Pisang U & Z Snack Ria
Authors: Sugito Asep , Kurniawan Wawan , Amalia Elisa , Muhaemin Emin
Published: October 2024

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) keripik pisang U & Z Snack Ria yang berlokasi di Desa Mundusari, Kecamatan Pusakanagara, Kabupaten Subang. UMKM ini menghadapi beberapa permasalahan, termasuk legalitas usaha yang belum lengkap, sistem manajemen dan akuntansi yang masih manual, serta pemasaran yang belum optimal, terutama dalam penjualan online. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian ini, dilakukan berbagai intervensi seperti pendampingan pembuatan perizinan usaha, pelatihan manajemen keuangan dengan sistem akuntansi sederhana, serta strategi pemasaran digital. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dalam sistem pengelolaan keuangan dan perluasan jangkauan pemasaran UMKM melalui platform online. Selain itu, upaya legalisasi juga telah membantu UMKM ini untuk lebih diakui secara resmi oleh pemerintah daerah, yang diharapkan dapat membuka peluang baru dalam mengembangkan usaha di masa mendatang. Dengan pendekatan holistik dalam mengatasi berbagai permasalahan UMKM, diharapkan usaha ini dapat lebih berkembang dan berkelanjutan, serta memberikan kontribusi positif bagi ekonomi lokal dan pemberdayaan masyarakat setempat.
Bencil Mutluluk Mu Manevi Doyum Mu? -Tüketim Kararlarının Psikolojisi-
Authors: Güven İbrahim Furkan
Published: October 2024

Günümüzün görsel ve dijital kültüründe bireyler, sosyal medyanın yarattığı görünürlük baskısı altında, maddi varlıkları aracılığıyla kimliklerini inşa etmeye çalışmaktadır. Bu durum, hedonik tüketimi hayatın merkezine oturtarak bireyleri bir tüketim döngüsüne hapsetmektedir. Rekabetin ve materyalizmin hüküm sürdüğü bu çağda, insanlar arasındaki bağlar zayıflamakta, ahlâkî değerler erozyona uğramakta ve bencillik giderek artmaktadır. Literatürdeki çalışmalar, dindarlığın tüketim davranışlarını sınırlayıcı bir role sahip olduğunu gösterse de bu ilişkinin karmaşıklığı ve farklı açılardan daha fazla araştırılması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Elinizdeki kitap, tüketimin bireyler üzerindeki psikolojik etkilerini, özellikle hedonik tüketim ile bencillik arasındaki ilişkiyi ve dindarlığın hedonik tüketim ile bencillik arasındaki ilişkide nasıl bir etkiye sahip olduğunu din psikolojisi perspektifinden ele almaktadır.
Varoluşçu Teoloji ve İnsan Özgürlüğü
Authors: Çavuşoğlu Halis
Published: October 2024

Varoluşçuluk, insanın varoluşunun anlamını ve amacını kendi seçimleriyle, özgür iradesiyle, kararlarıyla ve eylemleriyle belirlediği felsefi bir akım olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu akıma göre, insan önce var olur veya dünyaya gönderilir, sonra kendi belirlediği ve istediği minval üzere kendi özünü, kim olduğunu ve ne yapmak istediğini belirlemektedir. Ayrıca varoluşçu felsefe, insanın bu pratik eylemlerinde, teolojik inançlarında, ontolojik serüveninde ve teorik söylemlerinde özgür olduğunu ifade etmesinin yanı sıra, insanın sorumlu bir varlık olduğunu da vurgulamaktadır. Varoluşçu teoloji, insanın varoluşunun anlamını ve amacını, Tanrı ile ilişkisi bağlamında ele alan ve bu konuyu teolojik açıdan yeniden düşünme ve tanımlama imkânı sunan bir teolojik anlayıştır. Varoluşçuluk, varlığın ontolojik pozisyonlarını kendi seçimleriyle ve eylemleriyle oluşturduğunu savunurken teoloji, Tanrı’nın varlığını ve insanla olan ilişkisini konu alan bir disiplindir. Felsefe ise bunlardan farklı olarak, varlık ve bilginin temellerini araştıran bir disiplin olarak kendisini daha çok göstermektedir. Varoluşçu teoloji, bu üç disiplinin kesişim ve birleşim noktalarını bir araya getirerek, insanın varoluşunun anlamını ve amacının ontolojik yönünü Tanrı ile ilişkisi bağlamında yeniden değerlendirmeye çalışmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra varoluşçu teoloji, ontolojinin metafizik yönüne de katkıda bulunduğundan dolayı ontolojinin metafizik yönünü yeniden düşünmemize yardımcı olmaktadır. Bunlardan farklı olarak teist varoluşçu filozoflar, varoluşun bir anlamı ve amacı olduğunu, bu anlamı ve amacın Tanrı’da bulunduğunu savunurlar. Teist olmayanlar ise, varoluşun bir anlamı ve amacı olmadığını, insanın kendi anlamını ve amacını yaratması gerektiğini savunur. Varoluşçu teoloji, bu farklı yorumları bir araya getirerek, filozof ve teologlara insan hayatını, varlığın ontolojik serüvenini, dini inançların teolojik yorumlarını ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkiyi yeniden ortaya koymaya çalışan bireyler için önemli bir perspektif sunmaktadır. Varoluşçu teoloji, insanın özgür bir varlık olduğunu ve bu özgürlüğün sayesinde kendi varoluşunun anlamını ve amacını seçebileceğini savunur. Varoluşçu teologlar, özgürlüğü çeşitli şekillerde yorumlamışlardır, ancak ortak noktaları özgürlüğün, insanın varoluşunun ayrılmaz bir parçası olması ve insanın sorumluluğuyla birlikte ele alınması gerektiğidir. Örneğin; Kierkegaard, Tanrı’ya teslimiyet neticesinde emre itaat olarak görmekte, Jaspers, Tanrı ile insan arasındaki iletişim bağı olarak yorumlamakta, Marcel, Ben ve Kutsal Sen arasındaki ilişki ile ortaya çıkan bir bağlanma durumu olarak açıklamakta ve Tillich, ise özgürlüğü, sembolik teoloji ve sınırlılık durumu bağlamında insanın sınırlı bir özgürlüğe sahip olduğunu düşünmektedir.
Stick Fighting and Stick Fencing in Ancient Egypt and Their Impact On the Present Day
Authors: Sekban Gülşah , İmamoğlu Osman , Akdenız Hakan , Başoğlu Burhan
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of stick fighting or stick fencing-like activities in ancient Egypt on modern sport. In the study, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to investigate stick fighting and fencing activities in ancient Egypt and their impact on contemporary sport. The literature review focused on historical documents, tomb paintings, hieroglyphs and archaeological findings from the ancient Egyptian period from 3000 B.C. In ancient Egypt, stick fighting was a widely practised sport alongside wrestling. In ancient Egypt, stick fighting was a rivalry between two players. Although stick fencing is a very popular attraction for exhibition fights, it is sometimes not seen as a fight against an opponent, but rather as a dance performance. It is said that the stick or club wielders wore masks during the matches. The fencers had to bow to the audience before the fight. They then held their sticks in a crossed position. It is assumed that there was a scoring system for fighting with sticks. Although in ancient Egypt fighting with sticks or acrobatic movements with sticks were used for demonstration purposes such as dance events, this could have been the origin of modern fencing and combat training. The aesthetic movements and manoeuvres with sticks and the wearing of masks by the athletes are similar to today's fencing. In ancient Egypt, stick fighters can be seen as stick fencers. In African and Middle Eastern cultures, stick fencing is still widespread and is reflected in the traditions.
Personalities of professional heroes in the musical pedagogy of the South Urals
Authors: Kirnarskaya Dina Konstantinovna , Sizova Elena Ravil'evna , Taskaeva Anna Vyacheslavovna
Published: October 2024

The article continues a series of studies by the authors devoted to the consideration of the activities of famous musicians-teachers of the South Urals in the heroic paradigm – as outstanding masters who have achieved impressive results in pedagogical work, have received wide public recognition, are perceived by the professional community as a model of service to their cause and an axiological guideline for the younger generation. The purpose of this work is to present the activities of famous musical teachers of the Southern Urals in an integrative context. In this article, the personalities of outstanding teachers of the P.I. Tchaikovsky South Ural State Institute of Arts (hereinafter referred to as the Tchaikovsky Law School) - E.G. Bykov (balalaika), V.V. Kozlov (guitar), A.A. Heineman (French horn, orchestral conducting) are chosen for study. The methodology consists in using an integrated approach and synthesis of research methods in pedagogy, art history, and cognitive linguistics. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that the heroization of the personality of the teachers-musicians of the Tchaikovsky YUrGII is revealed integratively: in the didactic aspect (creation of their own outstanding pedagogical school), culturological (enrichment of cultural achievements of the region through fruitful and highly productive creative work of professional heroes), communicative (establishment of stable artistic communication with the public through creative activity of students), axiological (formation of reference principles and methods of work of a professional teacher, acting as axiological guidelines for the younger generation of musicians). The theoretical significance is expressed in a systematic and consistent study of the pedagogical heritage of outstanding masters of art of the South Urals, which allows us to enrich the history of the development of the Tchaikovsky School as one of the leading creative universities in the region. As a result of the research, the hypothesis is proved that the activities of outstanding musical teachers should be considered as a phenomenon of the spiritual culture of society in the unity of transformative, cognitive, value-oriented, communicative potential, and only integrative perception allows us to identify aspects of the glorification of personality most fully and in relief.
Introduction to PSL2 Phase Tropicalization
Authors: Shkolnikov Mikhail , Petrov Peter
Published: October 2024

The usual approach to tropical geometry is via degeneration of amoebas of algebraic subvarieties of an algebraic torus $$(\mathbb{C}^*)^n$$. An amoeba is logarithmic projection of the variety forgetting the angular part of coordinates, called the phase. Similar degeneration can be performed without ignoring the phase. The limit then is called phase tropical variety, and it is a powerful tool in numerous areas. In the article a non-commutative version of phase tropicalization in the simplest case of the matrix group PSL is described, replacing here $$(\mathbb{C}^*)^n$$ in the classical approach.
Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Diversity in the Urban Air of Sofia (Bulgaria) during Spring and Winter
Authors: Angelova Boyanka , Iliev Mihail
Published: October 2024

The main scientific interest for decades remained focused primarily on physical and chemical air pollutants, which severely limited our knowledge of microbial diversity in the atmosphere. The ecology of airborne microorganisms is poorly understood, even though they are a constant element of the air we breathe. Their exploration is very important for understanding health and ecological impacts, mainly in the highly urbanized cities. The main purpose of this study is to explore the biodiversity of microorganisms in the atmosphere over the densely populated centre of Sofia (Bulgaria) during spring and winter by Next-generation sequencing. The results showed that the most prevailing bacteria in the urban bioaerosols were representatives of phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Actinobacteria. Many of the identified species were soil and leaf  surface dwellers. Most of the detected fungal sequences belong to the phylum Ascomycota. Some pathogenic bacterial and fungal taxa were also found. This study provides the first information about microbial diversity in the outdoor air above Sofia and contributes to better understanding of urban airborne microbiota.
Molecular Identification and Scar Detection of Entomopathogenic Fungi of the Genus Beauveria
Authors: Spasova-Apostolova Velichka , Petkova Mariana
Published: October 2024

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in identifying and studying beneficial microorganisms that can be used in organic farming as fertilizers and plant protection agents. Entomopathogenic fungi with an endophytic nature of the genus Beauveria are quite promising and their identification and detection in the plant and soil samples are of great importance. Molecular identification of fungi of the genus Beauveria was conducted by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer 1 and 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene (ITS) regions with universal primers. As a result of the sequencing, it was found that the analysed strains belong to four genera of Beauveria with the following percentage distribution: B. bassiana (68.18%), B. pseudobassiana (13.64%), B. varroae (9.09%) and B. tenella (9.09%). The largest percentages of the strains were identified as B. bassiana. Sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCAR) have been applied for the detection of Beauveria strains in the field samples. The efficiency and ability of three pairs of SCAR markers to differentiate the studied strains were tested. The applied SCAR markers generated fragments with expected length in more than 90% of the investigated strains and could be used as markers for the detection of the fungi from the genus Beauveria in field samples. In the selected experimental conditions only B. varroe 501 and B. tenella 593 lack fragments with used SCAR markers.
Determination of International Space Station Orbit Correction Fuel Consumption with Progress Ship
Authors: Getsov Petar
Published: October 2024

The paper proposes a method for determining the required amount of fuel for correcting the orbit of the ISS by the spacecraft Progress and Soyuz.
Role and Impact of Prophylactic Interventions in the Conservative Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Zaralieva Aicha , Aleksiev Assen , Radeva Stoika
Published: October 2024

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) refers to the compression or tension over the median nerve at the level of the wrist and represents the most commonly encountered compression mononeuropathy. It is diagnosed significantly more often in individuals, whose work involves similar, repetitive movements. The condition affects approximately 4–6% of the active population. Its social aspect stems from the significant deterioration of patients' professional and private life, which, in a high percentage of cases, leads to a change in profession. Multiple surgical and conservative treatment approaches have been described. The literature proposes a general recommendation for compliance with prophylactic interventions and a specific mobilization regimen but a consensus on the subject has not yet been achieved. In our study, we followed 45 patients diagnosed with CTS who reported pain and altered sensation, over a period of 6 months. The patients were divided into three groups which were randomly assigned to different treatment modalities. All patients received the same prophylactic interventions with regard to the physical load and exercises, which were to be followed individually over the course of the study. At the end of the study, the obtained data were analyzed statistically and we reported a correlation between patient improvement and the frequency of the exercises.
Eficiência do uso de fungicidas químicos e biológicos na cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Nascimento Mayra Alves do , Cardoso Estephany Vitória Batista , Alves Lucas de Almeida , Pinheiro Jonatha , Costa Magaly Morgana Lopes da , Silva Jakeline Florêncio da , Silva Antônio Veimar da , Silva Edcarlos Camilo da , Albuquerque Manoel Bandeira de , Mielezrski Fábio
Published: October 2024

Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a resposta da aplicação do fungicida químico e biológico e suas ações no controle de doenças, sob o desenvolvimento e viabilidade econômica na cana-de-açúcar. O delineamento experimental adotado foi de blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos, quatro repetições, totalizando 24 parcelas. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo teste F e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott (p≤0,05). A composição do produto A é (Bacillus pumilus CNPSo 3203; Bacillus velezensis CNPSo 3602 e Bacillus subtilis CNPSo 2720) e do produto B é (AZOXITROBINA 120 g/L e TEBUCONAZOLE 200 g L-1). Os tratamentos foram: T1- Controle; T2- PRODUTO A na dose de 0,3 L ha-1; T3- PRODUTO B na dose de 0,75 L ha-1; T4- PRODUTO A na dose de 0,3 L ha-1 + PRODUTO B em segunda aplicação na dose de 0,75 L ha-1; T5- PRODUTO A na primeira e segunda aplicação na dose de 0,3 L ha-1; T6- PRODUTO B em primeira e segunda aplicação na dose de 0,75 L ha-1. A variedade foi a RB041443, as avaliações de severidade da doença, altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do caule (DC), produtividade realizadas foram Teor de Sólidos Solúveis (°Brix) e Tonelada de cana por hectare (TCH). Os resultados a aplicação de ambos fungicidas são eficientes no controle de patógenos em cana-de-açúcar, os tratamentos T2 e T4 foram os mais expressivos para a variável teor de sólidos solúveis, os maiores valores de TCH foram obtidos por T5 e T6 maiores nestes tratamentos com relação a testemunha.Planta, largura de planta, número de folhas e diâmetro caulinar. Não foram observadas diferenças nas trocas gasosas e na severidade das doenças entre as cultivares de algodoeiro.
Atividade física como forma de intervenção para melhoria da saúde apoiada pelo uso da tecnologia através de aplicativos: confiável ou não?
Authors: Silva Luciano Panosso da , Cerutti Elisabete
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar e descrever o que asseguram os principais aplicativos disponíveis nas lojas digitais referente a atividades físicas e, investigar na literatura acadêmica se existem aplicativos que foram desenvolvidos a partir de trabalhos acadêmicos para a área da saúde com base na realização de atividades físicas. Para tanto, buscamos trabalhos científicos acadêmicos nos anos de 2012 a 2022, cujo desenvolvimento resultaram na produção de aplicativos de atividades físicas. A pesquisa nas lojas virtuais Android e Apple foi realizada com o objetivo de encontrar os aplicativos móveis mais bem avaliados e descrever como os seus desenvolvedores apresentam esses aplicativos. Foram encontrados três trabalhos acadêmicos que resultaram na criação de aplicativos de atividades físicas: uma tese, uma dissertação e um trabalho de conclusão de curso. Em relação aos aplicativos, foi possível verificar que não há esclarecimento explícito por parte dos seus desenvolvedores se, para a criação destes aplicativos, foi consultado algum Profissional de Educação Física. Conclui-se que existe uma grande lacuna no desenvolvimento de aplicativos móveis para promoção da saúde através das atividades físicas provenientes de pesquisas científicas e que a maioria dos aplicativos disponíveis nas plataformas digitais não mostram, a priori, a preocupação de garantir a confiabilidade científica na construção de seus programas.
Exploring Biomarkers in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kumar Dhivya Senthil , Selvarajan Sathya , Rajeswari KS
Published: October 2024

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy, typically diagnosed in the second or third trimester. Factors such as advanced maternal age, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle contribute to its prevalence. The pathophysiology involves insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, gluconeogenesis, adipose tissue dysfunction, gut microbiota dysbiosis and oxidative stress. GDM is associated with maternal and neonatal complications, both short-term and long-term. Managing GDM requires interventions such as medication, dietary adjustments and regular physical activity. However, early detection in low-risk populations remains challenging. The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is the gold standard for diagnosis but is limited by its inconvenience and reliance on multiple blood samples. The present review focuses on novel biomarkers for early and accurate GDM diagnosis. It discusses emerging biomarkers such as vitamin D, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, preptin, angiopoietin-like protein 8, adiponectin, chemerin, omentin-1, leptin, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), homocysteine, C-peptide, irisin, adropin, nesfatin-1, Afamin, fetuin A, amylin, galectin, osteocalcin, resistin, visfatin and Fatty Acid-binding Protein 4 (FABP4). The review explores the pathophysiology of these biomarkers in GDM and presents preliminary study findings.
The Adoption and Usage of ICT in Teaching and Learning in Tanzanian Secondary Schools: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bendera Mwigulu
Published: October 2024

This systematic review aims to enhance understanding of the level and factors affecting the adoption and use of ICT in teaching and learning in Tanzanian secondary schools over a 10-year period from 2015 to 2024. The review involved a comprehensive literature search across various online research databases and institutional library sources for studies published within this timeframe. Extracted data included year of publication, level of ICT adoption and use, geographical scope, factors influencing adoption and use, target population, and type of school ownership. A total of 544 records were identified from different databases and repositories, with 266 screened, 48 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, and 17 articles ultimately meeting the inclusion criteria for analysis. The qualitative analysis of these studies revealed that, overall, the adoption and use of ICT in Tanzanian secondary schools remained low. Key factors affecting effective integration of ICT included insufficient ICT infrastructure (94.1%), limited ICT skills and knowledge among teachers (47.1%), inadequate teacher training (29.4%), teacher attitudes, perceptions, and experience (23.5%), and a lack of technical support (23.5%). The review concludes that ICT adoption and usage in Tanzanian secondary schools is at a low level. It is recommended for an increased investment in ICT infrastructure to ensure that public secondary schools, in particular, have access to the necessary technological resources for teaching and learning.
Histological and Biochemical Effects of Lutein on Paraquat-induced Renal Toxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors: Adefola Edward Tolulope , John Ajibade Adeshina , Sunday Edward Sylvester , Ugochukwu Umeaku
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Paraquat (PQ) poisoning in humans predominantly results from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To date, no proven antidote exists for PQ poisoning, which is characterized by severe kidney injury and high mortality rates globally. However, free radical scavengers and antioxidant agents have shown potentials to mitigate PQ toxicity.
Aim: The study is aimed at investigating lutein, an antioxidant, for possible mitigation of paraquat-induced renal toxicity.
Study Design: Preclinical experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Nigeria, between 2022 and 2023.
Methods: Forty wistar rats weighing 150-180 grammes were randomly grouped (A to E) for this study. Paraquat (PQ) toxicity was induced in groups B to E. Lutein was administered at graded doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg to groups C to E for twenty-one days respectively. Group A (positive control) was given only normal saline, while group B had paraquat only. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, urine and blood samples were collected and the animals were sacrificed before the excision of the kidneys.
Results:  A marked histological distortion, which was characterized by compromised Bowman's space and renal tubule dimensions, was observed in Group B. In contrast, the lutein-treated groups exhibited dose-dependent improvements, with outcomes comparable to the control group. Notably, Group B showed significant elevations in plasma creatinine (P = 0.003) and urine protein (P = 0.001), accompanied by reduced plasma protein (P = 0.004), relative to the treated groups. However, Group E, which received the highest lutein dose, demonstrated substantial improvement in histoarchitectural and biochemical findings similar to the control group."
Conclusion: This study demonstrated significant alterations in the histoarchitecture and biochemical profiles of renal tissue following paraquat exposure. Notably, the lutein-treated groups exhibited substantial improvement, with results comparable to the control group. These findings suggest that lutein may possess potential therapeutic properties to mitigate paraquat-induced renal toxicity.
Exploring the Security Challenges of an E-Voting System (EVS): A Case Study in the Bolgatanga Senior High School
Authors: Atuah Jesse , Azaabi Cletus , Laar David Sanka , Mahamadu Richmond Sayibu
Published: October 2024

The integration of electronic voting systems (EVS) into electoral processes promises increased efficiency, speed, and transparency. However, this technology also introduces a variety of security challenges that must be addressed to ensure the integrity of the voting process. This study explores the security vulnerabilities of an EVS, focusing on its implementation at Bolgatanga Senior High School (BIGBOSS).
Through a case study approach, this research examines the potential threats to the administration of EVS, including issues related to data privacy, system integrity, authentication protocols, and susceptibility to cyber-attacks. A mixed-methods strategy was employed, utilizing surveys, interviews, and system tests to assess both technical vulnerabilities and user experiences. Key findings revealed Potential Voter Manipulation where unauthorized access could allow individuals to cast votes fraudulently; Insider Threats where trusted users exploiting their access could manipulate election outcomes; Weak Authentication; Lack of Robust Verification; Potential Physical Attack where individuals could vandalize machines and Vulnerabilities in Encryption which may expose votes, compromising ballot secrecy. The study recommends the implementation a blockchain-based technology , such as cryptographic techniques, consensus mechanisms, use of biometric verification to ensure the identity of voters as well as the use of digital signatures to verify the authenticity of electronic ballots and ensure that they haven't been altered during transmission, implementation of real-time monitoring of the e-voting system to detect and respond to security threats promptly” and also provide ongoing cybersecurity education and training to election officials, staff, and voters to raise awareness and reduce the risk of human error. These findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on EVS security, providing insights into practical measures for improving the reliability and safety of electronic voting systems in educational institutions and beyond.
Influence of Pre-sowing Seed Treatments and Growing Media on Performance of Consecutive Sowing for Constant Production of Fenugreek Microgreens (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) under Shade Net
Authors: Kolambe Namrata N. , P. B. Sanap, , Y. R. Parulekar, , N. A. Meshram, , S. B. Thorat,
Published: October 2024

The present investigation was conducted at the College of Horticulture, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth Dapoli, Dist. Ratnagiri, State-Maharashtra, India in 2023-24. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with factorial arrangement having eight treatment combinations and three replications. Factor A comprised two pre-sowing seed treatments: W1: Water soaking of seed and W2: without soaking, while, Factor B included four growing media: M1: Soil + FYM (3:1), M2: Coarse Sand, M3: Cocopeat and M4: Soil + Cocopeat (1:1).
The data recorded during investigation revealed that the pre-sowing seed treatments and media influenced the growth and yield parameters of fenugreek microgreens. Among two pre-sowing seed treatments, W1 (Water soaking) had superior effect on all growth and yield parameters compared to W2 (Without soaking). Among various growing media M4-Soil + Cocopeat (1:1) found superior in some growth parameters like, days for germination (avg. 3.39), yield (avg. 678.20 g/m2) and maximum number of cycles (avg.13.46). The treatment combination W1M4-[ Water soaking of seed + Soil + Cocopeat (1:1)] performed better in terms of days to germination (avg. 2.88), days required for harvest (8.33), yield (avg. 1505.57 g/m2), number of cycles (avg. 15) in 6 months.
Effect of Iron and Zinc Fertilization on Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Loamy Sand
Authors: Patel Jinal A. , Patel J. M. , Patel K. K. , Singh Praveen
Published: October 2024

A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2022-23 at Agronomy Instructional Farm, Chimanbhai Patel College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar. The soil of the experimental field was loamy sand in texture, neutral to alkaline in reaction, normal with respect to salt content, low in available nitrogen and sulphur, medium in available phosphorus, potash, zinc and iron and high in manganese and copper. Nine treatment combinations comprising three levels of iron 0.0 kg Fe ha-1 (Fe0), Soil application of 20.0 kg FeSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Fe1) and 0.5 % FeSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS (Days after sowing) (Fe2) and three levels of zinc 0.0 kg Zn ha-1 (Zn0), Soil application of 10.0 kg ZnSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Zn1) and          0.5 % ZnSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS (Zn2) were evaluated in randomized block design with factorial concept with four replication. Mustard variety GDM 4 was used as a test crop.
Significantly higher number of secondary branches plant-1 (16.59), number of siliquae plant-1 (341.4), test weight (5.18 g), seed yield (2061 kg ha-1) and stover yield (4976 kg ha-1) were recorded with soil application of 20.0 kg FeSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Fe1) but it was at par with 0.5 % FeSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS. Stover yield of mustard remained at par with 0.5 % FeSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS.
Significantly higher number of secondary branches plant-1 (16.37), number of siliquae plant-1 (340.1), seed (2001 kg ha-1) and stover yield (4961 kg ha-1) were recorded with soil application of 10.0 kg ZnSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Zn1) but it was at par with foliar spray of 0.5 % ZnSO4. 7H2O at 30 and 45 DAS except seed yield of mustard.
A Rare Presentation of Breast Filariasis: A Case Report
Authors: Tiwari Kritika , Chawla Garima , Kumar Mukesh
Published: October 2024

Background: Filariasis is a common tropical disease but filariasis in breast is uncommon. Mostly, presentation is with typical symptoms of inflammation and lump. Atypical presentation is very rare and needs to be reported.
Case Presentation: We report a case of breast filariasis with its atypical presentation and challenges faced for diagnosis. Patient was successfully treated with DEC (Di-ethyl-carbamazine).
Conclusion: A high index of suspicion is required for its diagnosis in endemic zones even with atypical presentation, only then can correct treatment for the disease be given and prevention in progression and spread of disease achieved. This case report urges clinicians to keep a fair degree of clinical suspicion for parasitic infections as a cause of breast lump, especially in endemic countries and when presentation is atypical.
Positive Effects of Growth Retardants on Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors: Amarapalli Geetha
Published: October 2024

The perennial growth habit of castor plants (Ricinus communis L.) limits mechanical harvest because the plant grows very tall, when the environmental conditions are favorable and produces green flush interfering with mechanical harvesting. In order to prevent excessive growth plant growth, retardant are applied to modifying crop architecture. Present investigation was designed to study the effect of growth retardants on growth and yield parameters. The experiment was conducted at the regional agricultural research station, Palem farm of Professor Jayashankar Telangana Agricultural University, Nagarkurnool district, Telangana, taking locally available tall variety PCH-111. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replicates in Kharif, 2019. Treatments comprises of water spray, ethrel@500 ppm, ethrel@1000 ppm, CCC@1.5ml/lit, CCC@2.0 ml/lit and CCC@2.5 ml/lit and sprayings were done at expanding leaf in the 6th node of the primary stem, expanding leaf on the 8th node of the primary stem, appearance of the first inflorescence, one expanding leaf in a secondary stem after the appearance of the first inflorescence, and appearance of the second inflorescence. Results revealed that, plant growth retardants are effective in reducing plant height, whereas no spray recorded significant superior value for plant height (70.73 cm). For leaf number, there is no much deviations though ethrel treatment enhanced senescence in older leaves, newly developed leaves compensated the number but there was reduction in LAI, which were 1.70 and 2.18, respectively, in ethrel spray of 1000 ppm and 500 ppm. The yield reduction is lower in ethrel treatment due to lower capsule formation and lower spike length at higher concentration of ethrel. Hence, it is concluded that, retardant accelerates natural senescence and thus, acting as defoliants overcoming difficulties in mechanical harvesting.
Effect of Spatial Arrangement on Growth of Okra in Maize/Okra Intercrop in Kilifi, Kenya
Authors: S. M. Nganga, , L.G Mounde, , J.B. Ndiso,
Published: October 2024

Okra is an important vegetable cultivated for both local and export market in Kilifi County. The demand for the vegetable has recently been increasing. On the other hand, maize is the staple food crop for most households in Kenya, but yields have been on the decline due to limitations of poor soils, unpredictable rainfall and its cultivation in small parcels of land, resulting in poor yields and low income that exacerbate food insecurity and poverty in the County. In Kilifi, the two crops are intercropped in random mixtures and with inconsistencies in planting density.  Field trials were undertaken during short rains (October 2020 - January 2021) and long rains season (April - July 2021), at Industrial Crops Research Institute (ICRI) research farm situated at Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) - Mtwapa in Kilifi County, Kenya. The objective was to evaluate the effect of spatial arrangement on growth of okra in maize/okra intercropping system in Kilifi County. There were four treatments consisting of sole maize, sole okra, maize/okra intercrop arranged in alternating rows of 1:2, and maize/okra intercrop arranged in 2:2 patterns, replicated three times in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Data collected in maize included: plant height, number of days to 50% tasseling, number of maize plants per plot; and number of leaves per maize plant. Data in okra included plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, number of branches per plant, number of plants per plot, and days to 50% flowering. Okra plant height, number of okra leaves per plant, okra leaf area, number of branches per plant, number of days to 50% flowering, were significantly affected (P ≤ 0.05) by spatial arrangement. Intercropping increased okra plant height after the sixth week. Leaf area, number of leaves and number of branches per plant, were negatively affected by intercropping. Intercropped okra took longer days to flower compared to sole okra. Maize is more competitive compared to okra. However, both two arrangements can be suitable for intercropping okra with maize.
Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenous
Authors: F Xavier, Laura , M Ribeiro, Alex , C Diniz, Raquel , P Canabrava, Paula , V Oliveira, Gisele , H Souza, Alessandra
Published: October 2024

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare and severe neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by the formation of painful and frequently debilitating skin ulcers. Although the definite causes of PG remains uncertain, current evidence has suggested that the condition development might be associated with dysfunctions of the immune system along with multiple systematic conditions. Over the past years, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been used as an adjuvant treatment in various chronic conditions, including PG.
The retrospective, observational, and descriptive study presented here aims to evaluate the effectiveness of HBOT in treating patients with PG, treated at the Centro Mineiro de Medicina Hiperbárica. Additionally, the investigation seeks to identify treatment response patterns, considering factors such as patient age, the number of HBOT sessions required, and the total duration of treatment.
The study sample comprised ten patients diagnosed with PG who underwent HBOT from January 2000 to December 2022. Most patients were female, with ages ranging from 43 and 72 years.  A significant reduction in the area of skin lesions was observed in several patients, indicating a positive response to the treatment. Specifically, 70% of the patients experienced a decrease in the size of their lesions, in which some cases exhibited significant enhancement in areas originally affected by necrosis. Wounds were located in multiple topographies (i.e., perimalleolar, surral, and patellar regions) besides the abdominal and gluteal areas.  The duration of treatment varied significantly, spanning from months to years, according to the primary wound features.
Despite the positive findings observed in our study, the definitive effectiveness of HBOT in managing PG necessitates further experimental evaluation, based on larger patient cohorts and more robust methodological designs. This highlights the inherent limitations attributed to our study and emphasizes the need for future research in the field of wound healing.
Indigenous Technical Knowledge Practices for Managing Pests and Diseases in Agricultural Crops
Authors: R Santhosh Babu , M Hemalatha , M Joseph , D Rajakumar
Published: October 2024

Aims: This study aims to document indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) practices used by farmers in the Tirunelveli district for managing pests and diseases in agricultural crops. It focuses on understanding traditional methods and their relevance in sustainable pest and disease control.
Study Design: This is a descriptive field study employing a mixed-method approach, combining a literature review and qualitative data collection from farmers.
Place and Duration of Study: The study took place in Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, India. The research was conducted over three months from January to March.
Methodology: The research was conducted in three phases 1) Literature Review: Existing studies on indigenous pest and disease management techniques in the region were reviewed. 2) Data Collection: Interviews and focus group discussions were held with farmers to gather traditional knowledge on pest and disease control practices. 3) Data Analysis: The collected information was analysed for common practices and evaluated for effectiveness.
Results: The study uncovered numerous indigenous techniques, including the use of neem leaves, cow urine, and plant-based remedies for pest control. Out of 150 farmers interviewed, 80% used traditional methods, with 60% reporting success in reducing crop damage. These practices were found to be cost-effective and eco-friendly, reducing dependence on chemical pesticides.
Conclusion: The research highlights the potential of ITK in sustainable agriculture particularly for pest and disease management. It underscores the importance of preserving and promoting these traditional methods as viable alternatives to modern chemical practices.
Aspects of Internet Use among Adolescents in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Saquib Juliann , Ibrahim Ayman , Charbat Mohammed A. , Almazrou Abdulrahman , Saquib Nazmus
Published: October 2024

Background: In Saudi Arabia, there is a growing concern about Internet use among adolescents, who make up a significant portion (≈ 15%) of the population.
Method: We administered a survey to students (Grades 7-12, n =2321) in randomly selected middle and high schools in three cities of Saudi Arabia in the spring of 2020 prior to COVID-19. We inquired about their demographics, lifestyle factors, devices, motivation for Internet use, and their family members’ use.
Results: The mean (± SD) age of starting to use the Internet was 10.45 ± 3.02. Smartphones were the most used device (86.0%), followed by computers (6.3%), tablets (5.2%), game consoles (4.5%), and smart TVs (1.9%). The primary motivations for Internet use were social media (64.9%), watching videos (19.6%), gaming (6.2%), and other (studying, communication, etc.) (9.3%). Participants mostly described their parents’ Internet use as moderate and their siblings’ use as heavy. About a third (32.2%) of participants' parents did not supervise or place restrictions on their children's Internet use, a quarter (27.8%) of the parents only supervised their Internet use, a quarter (23.3%) placed restrictions only, and 16.7% engaged in both supervision and restriction.
Conclusion: Adolescents report that their own Internet use via smartphones is high, and a high proportion of family members are heavy Internet users.
Enhancing Sustainable Tourism in Medan through Heritage-Based Development
Authors: Panjaitan Herbert Hamonangan , Lubis Satia Negara , Purwoko Agus
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the strategies for developing heritage tourism in Medan, focusing on the Kesawan area as a key destination. The research utilizes SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats), which helps identify the internal and external potential in the development of heritage tourism in the city. The results show that Kesawan’s strengths lie in its historical, cultural, and architectural value, as well as its strategic location, making it an attractive tourist destination. However, the weaknesses identified include inadequate infrastructure, limited human resources, and insufficient funding. Opportunities include the growing trend of cultural tourism and government support for heritage development. Nevertheless, threats such as uncontrolled urbanization, climate change, and economic pressures require particular attention in managing the area. The integration of heritage aspects in the city’s tourism master plan is progressing well, with the Medan City Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPARKOT) outlining sustainable development strategies and policies. This study recommends improving infrastructure, enhancing human resources, and adopting effective marketing strategies to support sustainable heritage tourism development. Proper management could position Kesawan as a premier heritage tourism destination, contributing to the local economy.