bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gastrofeminism
Authors: Sen Debarati , Dey Ishita , Chakrabarti Sohni
Published: October 2024

Gastrofeminism traces the centrality of food within diverse feminist narratives of agency and resistance. This manifesto introduces the theoretical, pedagogical, and methodological scope of Gastrofeminism to rethink feminist genealogies, legacies, and new embodiments of a radical future. It calls for a reckoning of both established and emerging feminist engagements with food, consumption, and culinary practices. This introduction underscores conjunctures where feminist methodology and pedagogy intersect in variegated social, cultural, and historical settings to engender dialogues on food, eating, and culinary practices. It emphasizes everyday acts of negotiating feminist boundaries and subverting dominant perceptions of food. Furthermore, it contests the practices whereby food is used to reproduce social norms and hierarchies. Gastrofeminism remaps the boundaries of gendered relations through food practices in sites of conflict as well as everyday resistance to gendered norms of domesticity through technological innovations around cooking, eating, and representation of food. This manifesto assembles feminist scholarship and pedagogies committed to pushing the boundaries of traditional food studies and taking it into new, inclusive directions. Gastrofeminism spans across disciplines and praxis to engage with sensory documentation of food, gendered forms of intimacy, appetites and embodiments, food memories, affects, and nostalgia, new feminist pedagogies, foodways, ecosystems and sustainability, and food access, conflict, and social justice.
NANOSTRUCTURED COMPOSITES BASED ON MATRICES OBTAINED FROM COAL RAW MATERIALS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITORS
Authors: ZAKHAROV YU.A. , SIMENYUK G.YU. , SERGINA T.O. , LARICHEV T.A. , PUGACHEV V.M. , DODONOV V.G. , ZYKOV I.YU.
Published: October 2024

The article reports the results of the study of the morphology, porous structure and electrical capacitance characteristics of highly porous carbon matrices (HPCMs) obtained from coal raw materials with different degrees of metamorphism and nanostructured composites (NSCs) based on them, the surface of which is decorated with gold or manganese oxide nanosized particles (NP), accumulating electrical charge during polarization in the electrolyte via two mechanisms (formation of an electrical double layer (EDL) and involvement of pseudo-capacitance component during Red-Ox reactions on electrodes). The samples of HPCMs were obtained by high-temperature (800 °C) alkaline activation (the mass ratio KOH/C = 2 : 1) of fossil coal from the coal basins of the Kemerovo Region and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): CAK - based on anthracite of the Kiyzasskiy open-pit mine (Kuzbass), with the highest coalification degree; CBK - based on boghead (a kind of sapropel coal ) from the Taymylyr deposit (Yakutia) with the lowest degree of metamorphism; CDK - based on long-flame coal (Kuzbass) occupying an intermediate position in the metamorphism series. Results obtained by scanning electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering in combination with sorptometry showed that the NSC morphology is largely determined (except for submicron aggregates) by the porous structure of the matrices. The shape of cyclic voltammetry (CVA) curves for HPCMs CDK, CBK and Au-NP filled NSC based on them indicated a significant contribution from EDL into capacitance; the contribution of pseudo-capacitance is observed for the composite MnOx/CDK electrode. The features of CVA curves for microporous CAK HPCM and NSC based on it are probably caused by hindered diffusion. The specific electrical capacitance is higher as a result of the polarization of CDK and CBK HPCM with large proportions of mesopores, as well as NSCs on their basis, than that resulting from the polarization of microporous CAK and the corresponding composites. For all three HPCMs, the introduction of fillers causes an increase in the electrode capacitance. The effect is more significant for NSCs obtained from hard coals with a low level of metamorphism (an increase up to 1.8 and 1.6 times with respect to the capacitance of initial matrices for NSCs based on CDK and CBK, respectively, according to the impedance measurement data), which is due to a decrease in the active resistance and the charge transfer resistance of the cells, and, in general, to the active component of the impedance.
PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF BIODEGRADABLE CRYOGELS BASED ON POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND POTATO STARCH FOR USE IN SOIL EROSION CONTROL
Authors: FUFAEVA M.S. , KIM YE. , OVSYANNIKOVA V.S. , MANZHAI V.N. , ALTUNINA L.K.
Published: October 2024

Compositions for the formation of three-component elastic cryogels based on the aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and potato starch are proposed. It is shown that the viscosity of aqueous solutions depends both on the kind of polymer and on the total content of polymers in the system. The elasticity modulus of three-component cryogels depends on the concentration of starch in them and increases from 5 to 15 kPa with the addition of starch in the amount of 1-5 wt. %. By introducing a dispersed material (soil) into the matrix of two-and three-component cryogels, due to the high adhesion of the polymer to the filler, the filled cryogels were obtained, with the elasticity modulus 16 times higher than that of cryogels without the filler. The introduction of potato starch in the amount of 5 wt. % into PVA cryogel caused an increase in the time of its complete drying by 24 h, and an increase in its destruction during exposure in water by 5% within a week. Two-component cryogels exhibited sharply different types of behaviour during storage in water: PVA cryogel did not lose its mass, while mass loss by the cryogel of potato starch was 11% within a week. A decrease in the mass of three-component cryogels by 75-89% due to the loss of moisture and destruction was demonstrated in the soil test under the action of aboriginal soil microflora. The mass loss by the two-component cryogel based on PVA was 60%. Soil testing for phytotoxicity after the destruction of three-component cryogels revealed a decrease in the germination capacity of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) by 2-10% with respect to the reference experiment, depending on starch content, while for the reference two-component PVA cryogel the corresponding decrease was by 18%. Cryostructuring of the upper soil layer by PVA cryogel caused an increase in the dry above-ground mass of plants by 3.2% in comparison with the reference, while the cryogel with potato starch caused an increase by 7.1%, and cryogel based on PVA and potato starch gave 9.4%.
SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF CO IN THE PRESENCE OF NICKEL-CONTAINING CARBON CATALYSTS
Authors: CHEMAKINA I.S. , IVANTSOV M.I. , TRETYAKOV N.YU. , ELYSHEV A.V. , KULIKOVA M.V.
Published: October 2024

Methanation process, or selective hydrogenation of carbon oxides, is described. The chemical foundations of the process and the features of the formation of reaction products are considered, depending on the catalyst used. The advantages of catalytic systems based on carbon materials and disadvantages of the catalysts on oxide substrates for the production of synthetic methane are evaluated. Nickel-containing carbon catalysts based on birch activated carbon and microcellulose were obtained by incipient wetness impregnation and hydrothermal synthesis, and proposed for the selective hydrogenation of carbon monoxide. The synthesized samples were studied by optical emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis. The influence of the substrate and the method of catalyst synthesis on CO conversion and methane yield from the selective hydrogenation of CO was studied, and the optimal size of NiO and Ni(OH)2 crystallites, the precursors or the active phase, was determined. It is shown that the best carbon monoxide conversion and methane yield from methanation reaction are achieved in the presence of nickel-containing microcellulose-based carbon sample obtained by hydrothermal synthesis.
МЕТОДЫ ТИПА РОЗЕНБРОКА ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ СТОХАСТИЧЕСКИХ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНЫХ УРАВНЕНИЙ
Authors: АВЕРИНА Т.А. , РЫБАКОВ К.А.
Published: October 2024

Статья содержит обзор недавних публикаций, в которых описываются математические модели, включающие стохастические дифференциальные уравнения (СДУ), с приложениями в различных областях. Цель статьи состоит в кратком описании методов типа Розенброка для приближенного решения СДУ. Она показывает, каким образом можно улучшить характеристики численных методов и увеличить точность расчетов, не слишком увеличивая сложность реализации. В статье также предлагается новый вариант метода типа Розенброка для СДУ с мультипликативным шумом для некоммутативного случая. Его апробация проведена на примере моделирования вращательной диффузии.

This paper reviews recent publications that describe mathematical models with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and applications in various fields. The purpose of this paper is to briefly describe Rosenbrock-type methods for approximate solution of SDEs. It shows how the performance of the numerical methods can be improved and the accuracy of calculations can be increased without increasing the implementation complexity too much. The paper also proposes a new Rosenbrock-type method for SDEs with multiplicative non-commutative noise. Its testing is carried out by modeling rotational diffusion.
ЭФФЕКТИВНО РЕАЛИЗУЕМЫЕ ПРИБЛИЖЕННЫЕ МОДЕЛИ СЛУЧАЙНЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ В СТОХАСТИЧЕСКИХ ЗАДАЧАХ ТЕОРИИ ПЕРЕНОСА ЧАСТИЦ
Authors: МИХАЙЛОВ Г.А. , ЛОТОВА Г.З. , МЕДВЕДЕВ И.Н.
Published: October 2024

Представлены разработанные авторами эффективные аппроксимации случайных функций, численно моделируемые для исследования стохастического процесса переноса частиц, включая задачи о флуктуациях критичности процесса в случайных размножающих средах. Построены эффективные корреляционно-рандомизированные алгоритмы аппроксимации ансамбля траекторий частиц с использованием корреляционной функции или только корреляционного масштаба среды. Сформулирована простейшая сеточная модель изотропного случайного поля, воспроизводящая заданную среднюю корреляционную длину, что обеспечивает высокую точность решения стохастических задач переноса при малом корреляционном масштабе. Предлагаемые алгоритмы апробированы при решении тестовой задачи о переносе гамма-квантов и задачи оценки сверхэкспоненциального среднего потока частиц в случайной размножающей среде.

The paper presents efficiently realized approximations of random functions, which are developed by the authors and numerically modeled for the study of stochastic processes of particle transport, including criticality fluctuations of processes in random media with multiplication. Efficient correlation randomized algorithms for approximating an ensemble of particle trajectories using the correlation function or only the correlation scale of a medium are constructed. A simple grid model of an isotropic random field is formulated reproducing a given average correlation length, which ensures high accuracy in solving stochastic transfer problems for a small correlation scale. The algorithms are tested by solving a test problem of photon transfer and a problem of estimating the overexponential average particle flux in a random medium with multiplication.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ СИГНАЛОВ ШИРОКОУГОЛЬНЫХ ЛИДАРОВ МЕТОДОМ МОНТЕ-КАРЛО
Authors: ПРИГАРИН С.М. , МИРОНОВА Д.Э.
Published: October 2024

Работа посвящена статистическому моделированию пространственно-временных сигналов широкоугольных лидаров при зондировании атмосферной облачности. С помощью вычислительных экспериментов изучаются особенности лидарных сигналов для моностатической и бистатической схем зондирования, которые позволяют анализировать оптические и микрофизические свойства облачной среды. При зондировании тонких облачных слоев лидарный сигнал представляет собой расширяющееся кольцо. Показано, что для бистатического лидара характерно появление второго кольца, которое наблюдается внутри основного в течение короткого промежутка времени.

The paper deals with Monte Carlo modeling of spatiotemporal signals of wide-angle lidars for probing atmospheric clouds. Using computational experiments, we study the features of lidar signals for monostatic and bistatic sensing schemes which make it possible to analyze the optical and microphysical properties of the cloud environment. When probing thin cloud layers, the lidar signal looks like an expanding and attenuating light ring. It is shown that for a bistatic scheme a second ring, which appears for a short time inside the main one, is characteristic of the lidar signal.
КАК ПРОИСХОДИТ ПОТЕРЯ ЮНИТОИДНОЙ МАТРИЦЕЙ СВОЙСТВА ЮНИТОИДНОСТИ?
Authors: ИКРАМОВ Х.Д. , НАЗАРИ А.М.
Published: October 2024

Юнитоидом называется квадратная матрица, которая может быть приведена к диагональному виду посредством конгруэнтного преобразования. Среди различных диагональных форм юнитоида A имеется лишь одна (с точностью до порядка, принятого для главной диагонали), все ненулевые диагональные элементы которой суть числа с модулем 1. Она называется канонической формой матрицы A относительно конгруэнций, а аргументы ее ненулевых диагональных элементов называются каноническими углами этой матрицы. Если A не вырождена, то ее канонические углы тесно связаны с собственными значениями матрицы A-∗A, называемой коквадратом матрицы A. Хотя определение юнитоида напоминает понятие диагонализуемой матрицы в теории подобий, кажущаяся аналогия между этими двумя матричными классами обманчива. Мы показываем, что жорданова клетка Jn(1), которая в теории подобий рассматривается как антипод диагонализуемости, является юнитоидом. Более того, ее коквадрат Cn(1) имеет n различных унимодулярных собственных значений. Мы погружаем матрицу Jn(1) в семейство жордановых клеток Jn(λ) с параметром λ, меняющимся в диапазоне (0,2]. В некоторой точке, расположенной левее единицы, Jn(λ) перестает быть юнитоидной матрицей. Мы подробно обсуждаем этот момент в попытке понять, как может произойти подобная трансформация. Обсуждаются и аналогичные моменты, соответствующие меньшим значениям λ. Указаны некоторые примечательные факты, связанные с собственными значениями коквадратов и числами обусловленности этих значений.

A unitoid is a square matrix that can be brought to diagonal form by a congruence transformation. Among different diagonal forms of a unitoid A, there is only one, up to the order adopted for the principal diagonal, whose nonzero diagonal entries all have the modulus 1. It is called the congruence canonical form of A, while the arguments of the nonzero diagonal entries are called the canonical angles of A. If A is nonsingular then its canonical angles are closely related to the arguments of the eigenvalues of the matrix A-∗A, called the cosquare of A. Although the definition of a unitoid reminds the notion of a diagonalizable matrix in the similarity theory, the analogy between these two matrix classes is misleading. We show that the Jordan block Jn(1), which is regarded as an antipode of diagonalizability in the similarity theory, is a unitoid. Moreover, its cosquare Cn(1) has n distinct unimodular eigenvalues. Then we immerse Jn(1) in the family of the Jordan blocks Jn(λ), where λ is varying in the range (0,2]. At some point to the left of 1, Jn(λ) is not a unitoid any longer. Wediscuss this moment in detail in order to comprehend how it can happen. Similar moments with even smaller λ are discussed, and certain remarkable facts about the eigenvalues of cosquares and their condition numbers are pointed out.
ЧИСЛЕННОЕ РЕШЕНИЕ ПРЯМОЙ ОДНОМЕРНОЙ ЗАДАЧИ МАГНИТОТЕЛЛУРИЧЕСКОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ АДАПТИВНЫХ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ СЕТОК
Authors: СКЛЯР С.Н. , ЗАБИНЯКОВА О.Б.
Published: October 2024

В работе рассматривается имплементация алгоритма построения адаптивной вычислительной сетки в численное решение прямой одномерной задачи магнитотеллурического зондирования (задачи Тихонова-Каньяра) методом локальных интегральных уравнений, предложенным авторами ранее. Конструирование адаптивной вычислительной сетки основано на геометрических принципах, рассматривающих оптимизацию кусочно-постоянного интерполянта аппроксимируемой функции электрической проводимости среды. Проведены численные эксперименты для исследования и иллюстрации эффективности комбинированного метода. Апробация осуществлялась на модели Като -Кикучи с известным точным решением.

The paper considers an implementation of an adaptive computational grid constructing algorithm inside the numerical solution of the one-dimensional forward magnetotelluric sounding problem (the Tikhonov-Cagniard problem). The numerical solution of the problem is realized by the method of local integral equations, which was proposed by authors earlier. An adaptive computational grid construction is based on geometrical principles, which conduct approximation of the electrical conductivity function via optimization of its’ piecewise-constant interpolant. Numerical experiments are carried out to study and illustrate the effectiveness of the combined method. Approbation was realized on the Kato-Kikuchi model with known exact solution.
Moral Certainty instead of Moral Objectivity
Authors: Noreikaitė Aistė
Published: October 2024

This paper argues that although Dworkin’s aim of developing a more practical understanding of moral truth is plausible, his attempt to do that while keeping the concept of moral objectivity remains deeply problematic. Because of its opposition to everything subjective, moral objectivity stands in an inherent conflict with the practical reality that we experience as persons from a first-person perspective; therefore, Dworkin’s attempt to reconceptualize moral objectivity from within a first-person perspective is inherently contradictory. The paper suggests that we should go one step further than Dworkin and give up the concept of moral objectivity altogether. A notion of moral certainty instead of moral objectivity would satisfy Dworkin’s intention of finding a practical conception of moral truth more adequately. A brief preliminary conception of it is developed while invoking the German philosopher Robert Spaemann’s ontology of a person.
Fatores associados ao engajamento e à satisfação de profissionais da rede contra a violência sexual
Authors: Antunes Nunes Mykaella Cristina , Araujo de Morais Normanda
Published: October 2024

Buscou-se investigar fatores pessoais e laborais associados ao engajamento e à satisfação com o trabalho de profissionais da rede contra a violência sexual infantojuvenil. Participaram 146 profissionais (M = 38,30 anos; DP = 10,29) de diferentes contextos: CREAS (ƒ= 59), Conselho Tutelar (ƒ=39), hospital (ƒ=25) e um programa de enfrentamento à violência sexual infantojuvenil (PEVS; ƒ=23). Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico/laboral e medidas de sentido do trabalho, autoeficácia ocupacional, engajamento e satisfação com o trabalho. Foram calculadas análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais com o SPSS. Verificaram-se médias mais altas para engajamento do que para satisfação. Sexo, sentido do trabalho e autoeficácia do trabalho predisseram o engajamento (34% da variância). Demandas do trabalho predisse negativamente a satisfação, enquanto sentido do trabalho e autoeficácia predisseram positivamente a satisfação (41% da variância explicada). Melhorias nas condições de trabalho dos profissionais e educação permanente devem acontecer para prevenir desgastes futuros dos recursos pessoais.
An Analysis of Faqihudin's Interpretation of the Houri Verses in the Quran
Authors: Nurdin Asep Sofyan , Hasanudin Agus Salim
Published: October 2024

This research examines the interpretations of the verses about heavenly maidens, comparing the perspectives of traditional Islamic scholars with those of feminist interpreters. The objective of this study is to understand the feminist interpreters' perspectives on the verses concerning heavenly maidens in the Quran. This is a qualitative research study that utilizes data from various library sources to provide an analytical description of the verses related to heavenly maidens. Primary sources such as classical Quranic exegesis texts and related works are used as secondary sources. The results of this study reveal several concepts of heavenly maidens in the Quran, with a focus on two specific terms. The first term relates to the phrase “azwaju muthahharoh,” mentioned in the Quran to signify spouses for the righteous in paradise. The second term is related to “Hur al-‘in,” describing the heavenly maidens' physical attributes. These two terms are the primary focus of discussion in this paper because classical Islamic scholars and feminist interpreters offer differing interpretations, leading to varying conclusions regarding the meaning of heavenly maidens. Therefore, through this scholarly paper, we will analyze the feminist interpretation of the Houri verses according to Faqihudin Abdul Kodir.
Hak Politik Perempuan dalam Al-Quran
Authors: Rahman Nida Al , Malik Nida Husna Abdul
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini ditulis untuk menunjukkan penafsiran-penafsiran dengan analisa gender yang bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan mengenai hak-hak perempuan dalam ranah politik yang menuai pro kontra karena beredarnya penafsiran tekstual yang patriarkal. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis dengan teknik pencarian data yang bersumber dari kepustakaan, Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perempuan berhak mengikuti berbagai kegiatan politik seperti mengikuti baiat dan syura, menjadi kepala negara dan menjadi hakim, hal tersebut karena kebutuhan atas keberadaan perempuan dalam kegiatan politik pada zaman berperadaban saat ini menjadi wajib, terlebih jika tidak ada laki-laki yang menduduki jabatan tersebut, sebab tidak ada hukum yang melarang perempuan mengikuti kegiatan politik selama perempuan tersebut mumpuni dan memenuhi syarat dan ketentuan yang ditetapkan.
Sejarah dan Maraji’ Ilmu Tafsir
Authors: Ain Aini Qurotul
Published: October 2024

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui definisi ushul al-tafsir, tafsir, referensi buku tafsir, sejarah, hukum mempelajari tafsir dan pembagiannya. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan library research, kajian pustaka. Hasil dari penelitian ini, ditemukan pokok bahasan bahwasannya tafsir adalah menjelaskan makna ayat Al-Qur'an, keadaan cerita, dan penyebab turunnya ayat tersebut dengan menggunakan lafal yang menunjukkan makna zahir. Upaya penafsiran sudah ada sejak zaman Nabi saw dan mengalami perkembangan, ada sampai sekarang. Dalam mempelajari tafsir terdapat banyak maraji’ atau referensi sebagai bahan bacaan, dan hukum mempelajarinya sangat dianjurkan. Dalam penafsiran terbagi menjadi tiga diantaranya yaitu dengan mempertimbangkan apa yang diketahui orang terhadap mufasir, kemudian dari cara untuk mencapainya, dan metode penafsirannya.
Analisis Kalam Khabari pada Surah Al-‘Ashr
Authors: Hidayah Asep Taopik , Komarudin Edi
Published: October 2024

Al-Qur’an adalah kalamullah yang di dalamnya terdapat unsur kalam khabari yang merupakan  bagian dari ilmu ma’ani salah satu bagian dalam disiplin ilmu balaghah.  Objek bahasan kalam khabari terfokus pada makna lafazh yang muthobaqah dengan muqtadhol-halnya atau sesuai faktual dan mengandung kemungkinan kalam tersebut benar atau sebaliknya. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kalam khabari dari berbagai aspeknya mulai dari definisi hingga analisis kalam khabari pada surah Al-‘Ashr dengan pendekatan metodologi kualitatif melalui library research. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara definisi kalam khabari adalah kalam yang validitas kebenaran dan kesalahannya ditentukan oleh kondisi faktualnya. Memiliki tujuan utama sebagai faidah khabar dan lazimul faidah dan beberapa tujuan turunannya. Uslub kalam khabari berdasarkan mukhatabnya terdiri dari kalam khabari ibtida’I, thalabi dan inkari. Hasil analisis kalam khabari terhadap surah Al-‘Ashr ditemukan bahwa seluruh uslub kalam khabari terdapat dalam surah Al-‘Ashr. Hal ini menjadikan bukti nyata bahwa Al-Qur’an adalah kalam yang memiliki nilai bahasa yang kuat dan fasih dalam menyampaikan pesan kepada para pembacanya.
Analisis Kajian Metodologis Kitab Tafsir Lathaif al-Isyarat Karya Imam al-Qusyairi
Authors: Ghoni Abdul , Fauji Hari , Zulaiha Eni
Published: October 2024

Adanya tafsir lathaif al-Isyarat merupakan bentuk dari mendamaikan ilmu syariat dan hakikat dengan tujuan memberikan pemahaman bahwa tidak terjadi kontradiktif antara hakikat dan syariat. Dan pada intinya setiap karya tafsir tidak akan pernah lepas dari latar belakang mufassir sendiri.. Penelitian ini termasuk kajian kepustakaan dengan rujukan primer dan sekunder yaitu tafsir lathaif al-Isyarat sebagai rujukan primer, sedangkan rujukan sekunder menggunakan buku, jurnal yang terpokus pada aspek metodologis.  Tujuan dari adanya penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi penafsiran Al-Qusyairi terhadap Lataif Al-Isyarat dan metode khusus yang dipakainya dalam penafsiran tersebut. Kajian hasil penelitiannya dapat disimpulkan bahwa Al-Qusyairi adalah seorang sufi yang berupaya menafsirkan ayat-ayat Al Quran dengan menggunakan konsep tasawuf, serta bahasa sastra untuk mengenalkan pembaca pada perasaan jiwa sufi. Urgensinya untuk membela tasawuf pada masa Sultan Thaghral. Kedua, dari segi metode yang dikenalkan menggunakan metode tahlili yang merupakan analisis untuk menjelaskan kandungan ayat Alquran dari berbagai aspek tasawufnya. Kemudian dari segi sumber yaitu bi al-Ra’yi, adapun isyarat akal yang dicantumkan dalam tafsirnya tidak secara murni pekerjaan akal, tetapi supaya isyarat tersebut dihasilkan untuk tidak menjauh dari nas Alquran. Dari segi corak adalah sufi dengan memiliki ide kreatif mempertemukan tasawuf dan psikologi dengan simbol sastra dan menerapkan konsep maqamat serta ahwal. Ketiga, komentar ulama bahwa tafsir ini tidak mengunggulkan hakikat dari pada syariat, begitu juga dengan sebaliknya, maka dari itu lathaif al-isyarat hadir sebagai perkataan yang benar tentang tasawuf dengan menjunjung tinggi keadilan dan memerangi kebid’ahan.
Perkembangan Tafsir Al-Qur’an Pada Abad Pertengahan
Authors: Nurhayat Tasya Putri , Komarudin Edi
Published: October 2024

Tafsir Al-Qur’an selalu berkembang dan ia adalah anak zamanyya. Namun orientalis mengatakan bahwa lahirnya tafsir dengan metode baru bukanlah perkembangan, melainkan adalah peperangan dan permusuhan atas tafsir sebelumnya. Akan tetapi, menurut intelektual muslim perbedaan dengan keunikannya masing-masing adalah tanda dari perkembangan tafsir itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas mengenai bagaimana hakikat perkembangan tafsir, khususnya perkembangan pada periode pertengahan. Karena pada periode tersebut telah terjadi pergeseran epistemologi yang sangat mendasar. Pedekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan kajian pustaka dalam pengumpulan datanya. Adapun dari penelitian ini didapatkan beberapa hasil diantaranya: Pertama, periode pertengahan terjadi pada abad ke 9 sampai abad ke 19 M dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan yang pesat dan maraknya forum diskusi sehingga memunculkan sikap fanatisme. Selain itu, juga terjadi perluasan wilayah sehingga banyak orang non Islam dan non Arab yang masuk kedalam agama Islam. Kedua, kemajuan abad pertengahan berimplikasi pada perkembangan tafsir Al-Qur’an sehingga memunculkan corak-corak tafsir yaitu corak bahasa, filsafat, teologi, ilmiah, fiqih, dan tasawuf. Ketiga, corak-corak tafsir tersebut memiliki karakteristik dan ciri masing-masing sebagai bukti nyata implikasi abad pertengahan.
Integrating Evacuated Industrial Equipment into the Economy of the soviEt Rear (Autumn 1941 – Spring 1942)
Authors: Marina Potemkina
Published: October 2024

The historical experience of industrial evacuation and integration of the arrived equipment into the economy of the rear territories is of undoubted research interest. A historiographical review has shown that the problem of placing and commissioning relocated industrial equipment in evacuation sites has not been a topic of special research. The study was conducted on the basis of archival documents of the Evacuation Council, Gosplan, correspondence of People's Commissariats with the Communist Party and state organizations. The article analyzes the problems faced by the industry of the rear regions in 1941-the spring of 1942 in connection with the arrival of factories and equipment from the front line to the evacuation destinations. During the study, the following problems were identified: incompleteness and sometimes poor safety of the arrived equipment, the unavailability of industrial sites to receive large enterprises due to insufficient industrial infrastructure, and lack of labor for unloading and installing the machinery. It was noted that during the restoration of arrived enterprises, priority was given to the defense industry plants. The article discusses ways to overcome the difficulties that arose: a mechanism was established for obtaining resources stored in evacuation bases; industrial construction was carried out both on the territories of existing factories and on sites occupied by educational, commercial, cultural, etc. organizations; intersectoral cooperation was arranged, involving the exchange of raw materials and equipment; nonstandard management solutions were applied. It is concluded that with a tightly centralized vertical of power, the start-up of evacuated industrial equipment was more successful where the directors’ corps and regional leaders showed independence and initiative.
Armaments Development in the Special Design Bureau No.43 in Evacuation: Pilot Research
Authors: Rimma Timofeeva , Vadim Antonov
Published: October 2024

The paper outlines the engineering activity of the Special Design Bureau No. 43 (OKB-43, Leningrad) during its 1941-1945 evacuation to the Mari El Republic (Yoshkar-Ola City). The relevance of the research is explained by the absence of special generalizing works on this topic and the need to introduce into scientific practice the materials of state and departmental archives, which had not been published before and were declassified only due to the application of the authors in 2023. Consistent identification and study of the materials and also collating documents with the preserved hardware specimens enable comprehending the contribution of this design organization to the development of the USSR military technology in the 1940s as well as forming a view of the place and importance of that period in the OKB-43 activity. To address the specified task, it was necessary to identify and analyze the main development lines of the 1940s compared to the 1930s, the previous stage in the organization activity. In particular, the reasons for the change in the type of the experimental design works of the bureau were indicated. The conducted research disclosed and systematized a list of the major development works of the period. Prominent among the accomplished projects are cannonry, attachments of weapons for the fortified areas, anti-aerial and marine attachments, small arms, machinegun mounts, mobile personal and collective armored protection equipment, etc. The conclusion is drawn about the significance of this stage for the general development and activity of the OKB-43 in creating airborne guns and weaponry of the USSR
STUDY OF WAYS TO REDUCE THE VISCOSITY OF SUNFLOWER LECITHIN
Authors: Demydova A. , Yevlash V. , Аksonova O. , Priss O.
Published: October 2024

Today, lecithin is the most important by-product of oilseed processing due to its numerous technological properties.  Food industry technologists use lecithin as an emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizer, viscosity regulator, crystal formation, etc. One of the main disadvantages of sunflower lecithin is the tendency to increase viscosity (plasticization) during storage. Such lecithin is difficult to use. Therefore, obtaining liquid lecithin with a viscosity of less than 12 Pa s (at 25 °C), which does not increase during its storage, is one of the urgent tasks of enterprises for the extraction and processing of vegetable fats. The article compares diluents of different types. Diluents of fatty nature - sunflower oil, oleic acid and its ethyl ester are characterized by a significantly lower viscosity compared to lecithin, therefore they can act as diluents that do not affect the quality of lecithin. However, their amounts are too large to achieve the goal of obtaining liquid lecithin. These amounts significantly reduce the "acetone insoluble" lecithin index. That is, oils, their acids and esters cannot be recommended for reducing the viscosity of lecithins in industry. It has been shown that the efficiency of divalent calcium salts as diluents is much greater, even at low concentrations of these substances. It has also been proven that the introduction of diluents must be carried out before the stage of drying the wet gum. To obtain liquid lecithin from plasticized lecithin, approximately twice as high concentrations of diluents are required compared to the preventive approach - the introduction of diluents into a wet gum. To obtain liquid sunflower lecithin from a wert gum to which diluents were added, the effective concentrations of diluents are as follows,%: sunflower oil - 13, oleic acid - 5, ethyl ester of oleic acid - 4, calcium chloride - 0.35, calcium acetate - 0.4, calcium orthophosphate - 0.4, concentrated phosphoric acid - 2. It is most expedient to use calcium salts in order to obtain high quality liquid lecithin.
Lean Manufacturing Tools as a Driver of the Company’s Digital Transformation
Authors: Fadeev Stephan
Published: October 2024

The article substantiates the impact of applying lean manufacturing tools on the digital company’s transformation. The study distinguishes the main lean manufacturing tools that contribute to the optimisation of production processes, reduce losses and improve staff efficiency. Special attention is paid to the synergy of lean methods and digital technologies, which allows companies to adapt to changing market conditions and remain competitive by accelerating and replicating production processes in their digital transformation. The case study of implementing lean manufacturing tools at the Russian food industry enterprises, participants in the national project “Labour Productivity,” demonstrates the feasibility of implementing the key 5 lean manufacturing principles (sorting, organising, standardising, keeping clean and improving), along with the Manufacturing Execution System (MES). The author concludes that companies need to combine lean manufacturing and digital technologies to improve efficiency. Given the fact that lean manufacturing and information technology can conflict, providing their integration will increase the success of the digital company’s transformation. A lean manufacturing approach simplifies production processes, improves the efficiency of digitalisation and increases the likelihood of successful adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies.
Institutional Support for Digital Transformation of Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Logacheva Natalia , Tikhonova Olga
Published: October 2024

Studying the issues of institutional support for the digital transformation of regions of the Russian Federation is important for understanding the current state and development prospects in the context of modern challenges and opportunities. A study was conducted on the regulatory framework for the digital transformation of the Russian economy. It also examined digital transformation strategies of various economic sectors, the social sphere, and public administration. The study identified that Russian regions differ in terms of the number of industries, planned projects, and the number of indicative indicators defined in their strategies. The gap between the leading region, the Republic of Tatarstan, and the Altai Republic, which closes the ranking of Russian regions in terms of the number of projects being implemented, was 8.4 times. It has been established that areas whose impact on the digital transformation process is extremely significant are very limited in regional projects. It is shown that the digital transformation strategies of all regions of the Russian Federation define a wider range of indicative indicators. The Chechen Republic, which has the smallest number of indicators among Russian regions, exceeds the approved threshold by 3 times, and the Perm Krai (the leader in the number of indicators) by 17.6 times. This allows regional authorities to take into account the industry and strategic guidelines of the region, identify problem areas, and take the necessary measures in the process of digital transformation.
Behavioral Design in Healthcare: Synthesis of Technical Sciences and Humanities
Authors: Skokov Roman , Kovalenko Nadezhda , Vorobyov Dmitriy
Published: October 2024

The scientific and practical potential of behavioral economics and behavioral design in Russia is underutilized, and the use of their methods can be significantly expanded, both in the scientific field and in practice. One of the promising areas of their application, with significant experience accumulated in the West, is healthcare. Behavioral design in healthcare is an example of an effective synthesis of the achievements of the humanities and technical sciences with an interdisciplinary approach that constructively combines economic, psychological, and technological methods of scientific knowledge. The use of behavioral design technologies, including digital and neural interfaces, is a promising direction for creating competitive products and services in healthcare. The theory of solving inventive problems can help speed up the process of implementation in practice. Behavioral design technologies in healthcare can be considered from such positions as physical design – the design of medical equipment, devices, and drug labels – as well as design for error-proofing in organizing processes based on reducing the negative impact of the human factor. The behavioral design of error-proofing systems in healthcare is implemented through functions such as forced control, error failure, warning, and touch alert.
Exploring
c
arbon
s
ource
r
elated
l
ocalization and
p
hosphorylation in the Snf1/Mig1
n
etwork using
p
opulation
and
s
ingle
c
ell-based
a
pproaches
Authors: Braam Svenja , Tripodi Farida , Österberg Linnea , Persson Sebastian , Welkenhuysen Niek , Coccetti Paola , Cvijovic Marija
Published: October 2024

The AMPK/SNF1 pathway governs energy balance in eukaryotic cells, notably influencing glucose de-repression. In S. cerevisiae, Snf1 is phosphorylated and hence activated upon glucose depletion. This activation is required but is not sufficient for mediating glucose de-repression, indicating further glucose-dependent regulation mechanisms. Employing fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) in conjunction with non-linear mixed effects modelling, we explore the spatial dynamics of Snf1 as well as the relationship between Snf1 phosphorylation and its target Mig1 controlled by hexose sugars. Our results suggest that inactivation of Snf1 modulates Mig1 localization and that the kinetic of Snf1 localization to the nucleus is modulated by the presence of non-fermentable carbon sources. Our data offer insight into the true complexity of regulation of this central signaling pathway in orchestrating cellular responses to fluctuating environmental cues. These insights not only expand our understanding of glucose homeostasis but also pave the way for further studies evaluating the importance of Snf1 localization in relation to its phosphorylation state and regulation of downstream targets.
From microbes to medicine: harnessing the gut microbiota to combat prostate cancer
Authors: Yadav Anjali , Kaushik Meenakshi , Tiwari Prabhakar , Dada Rima
Published: October 2024

The gut microbiome (GM) has been identified as a crucial factor in the development and progression of various diseases, including cancer. In the case of prostate cancer, commensal bacteria and other microbes are found to be associated with its development. Recent studies have demonstrated that the human GM, including Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Bacteroides massiliensis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium rectale, and Mycoplasma genitalium, are involved in prostate cancer development through both direct and indirect interactions. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of these interactions are yet to be fully understood. Moreover, the microbiota influences systemic hormone levels and contributes to prostate cancer pathogenesis. Currently, it has been shown that supplementation of prebiotics or probiotics can modify the composition of GM and prevent the onset of prostate cancer. The microbiota can also affect drug metabolism and toxicity, which may improve the response to cancer treatment. The composition of the microbiome is crucial for therapeutic efficacy and a potential target for modulating treatment response. However, their clinical application is still limited. Additionally, GM-based cancer therapies face limitations due to the complexity and diversity of microbial composition, and the lack of standardized protocols for manipulating gut microbiota, such as optimal probiotic selection, treatment duration, and administration timing, hindering widespread use. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive exploration of the GM's involvement in prostate cancer pathogenesis. We delve into the underlying mechanisms and discuss their potential implications for both therapeutic and diagnostic approaches in managing prostate cancer. Through this analysis, we offer valuable insights into the pivotal role of the microbiome in prostate cancer and its promising application in future clinical settings.
Unresolved mystery
of
cyclic nucleotide second messengers, periplasmic acid phosphatases and bacterial natural competence
Authors: Kronborg Kristina , Zhang Yong Everett
Published: October 2024

We recently characterized the competitive inhibition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) on three periplasmic acid phosphatases, AphAHi, NadNHi, and eP4 (HelHi), in Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20. This inhibitory effect is vital for orchestrating the nutritional growth and competence development in KW20. Initially discovered in Escherichia coli, the function of AphA remains however obscure. This study investigates the regulation of E. coli
aphA expression under nutrient starvation conditions. Using transcriptional reporters with truncated aphA promoter sequences, we found that starvations of carbon and phosphate, but not amino acid, stimulated aphA expression through distinct promoter regions. Deletions of crp or cyaA abolished aphA expression, confirming their crucial roles. Conversely, CytR deletion increased aphA expression, suggesting CytR's role as a repressor of aphA expression. Additionally, we extended the study of three other second messengers, i.e., cyclic GMP, cyclic UMP, and cyclic CMP, each sharing structural similarities with cAMP. Notably, cGMP competitively inhibits AphAHi's acid phosphatase activity akin to cAMP. In contrast, both cUMP and cCMP stimulate AphAHi's phosphatase activity in a concentration dependent manner. Collectively, these data imply a complicated connection between nucleotide metabolism, AphA, cyclic purine and pyrimidine nucleotides in bacterial nutrient uptake and natural competence.
Quantification methods of

Candida albicans

are independent irrespective of fungal morphology
Authors: Soares Amanda B , de Albuquerque Maria C , Rosa Leticia M , Klein Marlise I , Pavarina Ana C , Barbugli Paula A , Dovigo Livia N , Mima Ewerton G de O
Published: October 2024

The ability of Candida albicans to switch its morphology from yeast to filaments, known as polymorphism, may bias the methods used in microbial quantification. Here, we compared the quantification methods [cell/mL, colony forming units (CFU)/mL, and the number of nuclei estimated by viability polymerase chain reaction (vPCR)] of three strains of C. albicans (one reference strain and two clinical isolates) grown as yeast, filaments, and biofilms. Metabolic activity (XTT assay) was also used for biofilms. Comparisons between the methods were evaluated by agreement analyses [Intraclass and Concordance Correlation Coefficients (ICC and CCC, respectively) and Bland-Altman Plot] and Pearson Correlation (α = 0.05). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to visualize the similarities and differences between the methods. Results demonstrated a lack of agreement between all methods irrespective of fungal morphology/growth, even when a strong correlation was observed. Bland-Altman plot also demonstrated proportional bias between all methods for all morphologies/growth, except between CFU/mL X vPCR for yeasts and biofilms. For all morphologies, the correlation between the methods were strong, but without linear relationship between them, except for yeast where vPCR showed weak correlation with cells/mL and CFU/mL. XTT moderately correlated with CFU/mL and vPCR and weakly correlated with cells/mL. For all morphologies/growth, PCA showed that CFU/mL was similar to cells/mL and vPCR was distinct from them, but for biofilms vPCR became more similar to CFU/mL and cells/mL while XTT was the most distinct method. As conclusions, our investigation demonstrated that CFU/mL underestimated cells/mL, while vPCR overestimated both cells/mL and CFU/mL, and that the methods had poor agreement and lack of linear relationship, irrespective of C. albicans morphology/growth.1
Lack, excess, and time in the Cannibalist Manifesto by Oswald de Andrade
Authors: Ricardo Merlo Hugo
Published: October 2024

This article constitutes an endeavor to explore the relationship between figurations of lack and excess and historical time, particularly within the context of the manifold modernist temporalities in Brazil. We undertake this endeavor through a close reading of Oswald de Andrade's Cannibalist Manifesto (1928), aiming to elucidate how the author employs notions of lack and excess to interrogate modern historical time as a device for synchronizing diverse temporalities. In conclusion, we underscore the significance of investigating artifacts of historical expression beyond conventional historiography, in order to grasp temporal experiences akin to those of Brazilian modernism, as well as to seek alternative modes of conveying the constituent multiplicity of the entire temporal experience.
La honte comme communication
Authors: CORREA Patrice
Published: October 2024

Cet article analyse la honte comme une forme spécifique de communication, notamment dans le contexte du Covid 19. Il postule l’idée d’un paradoxe entre un phénomène qui « ne se dit pas » et la nécessité de sa gestion par une obligation de communiquer. C’est ainsi que la communication publique (celle de l’État) et la communication sociale (celle des acteurs de l’intermédiation sociale) ont conduit les victimes à sortir de leur silence, du fait même de la honte. Ce qui constitue un effort de thérapie non seulement individuelle mais aussi sociale.
Critiques et éthiques du récit écologique africain
Authors: NDIAYE El Hadji Malick
Published: October 2024

Cet article examine l'émergence de l'écocritique dans la critique littéraire africaine, et interroge à la fois les conditions d’émergence de cette critique qui se construit ainsi que l’objet qu’elle donne. L’article explore les défis de définir une écologie littéraire spécifiquement africaine et examine les modèles théoriques occidentaux et leur applicabilité à la littérature africaine. La conversation entre le critique et les textes, tout comme le dialogue avec les traditions littéraires occidentales, conduisent à situer le cadre de la critique environnementale en Afrique tout en soulignant la nécessité d'une perspective renouvelée prenant en compte les défis environnementaux contemporains spécifiques sans tomber dans une vision passéiste de la relation entre l'homme et la nature en Afrique.