bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismicity Analysis and Velocity Structure of the Two-Phase Geothermal Field in West Java, Indonesia: Preliminary Result
Authors: Firdaus Al Hakim Muhamad , Sule Rachmat , Hendriyana Andri
Published: August 2019

We observed 754 microearthquake data by at least 15 stations for six months as a tool to monitor and characterize the subsurface condition in two-phase geothermal field in Southern Bandung. The data were reduced to 417 events having azimuthal gap less than 180°. We determine the initial earthquake locations in this study by using Geiger method and we update the hypocenter locations by performing simultaneous inversion for hypocenters and 1D velocity structure followed by 3D tomographic inversion. We obtained the velocity structure by utilizing TomoDD to perform 3D tomographic inversion. There are four clusters of seismicity observed in this study which we suspected related to the injection, production, and tectonic activity of the study area. The southern cluster is consistent with the location of injection wells and spread from 1 km depth to 8 km depth, indicating that MEQ events were triggered by injection activity. The production area is characterized by a denser population of events and the events were distributed closely ranging from 1 to 3 km depth. We suspect that the third cluster is caused by development activity of steam dominated geothermal field omit in the east of our main field. The fourth cluster is located in the southernmost of our area and suspected caused by tectonic activity. Low Vp/Vs values near to the surface are observed in the north direction and coincide with the location of the first cluster. The location of anomaly is highly corresponded with the production area and the low value of Vp/Vs anomaly is interpreted as the steam zone.
Reservoir characterization using multiattribute analysis in SLS field, Upper Cibulakan Formation, North West Java
Authors: Indah Sulistyorini Okta , Sukmono Sigit , Sita Ambarsari Dona , Normansyah
Published: August 2019

SLS field is one amongst the biggest in North West Java block and has been operated, exploitated since more than 40 years ago. Upper Cibulakan Formation which deposited back in Early to Middle Miocene, has been contributing large number of hydrocarbon production. Upper Cibulakan was formed in shallow marine depositional environment and consists of interbedded sandstone and claystone with carbonate units in some area. Professionals, especially geologists and geophysicists should be able to tackle the challenges encountered in order to perform effective interpretation on existing assets. In this case, the writer found out that Accoustic Impedance interpretation is not appropriate enough to describe the reservoir. In addition, there are several limitations in data availability such as seismic data in post-stack time migration that hold us to perform further interpretation such as AVO or Vp/Vs and also the absence of several logs in the well data. Based on said reasons, the writer applied multiattributes analysis on the available data to predict S-wave log, and generate Mu-Rho volume analysis to support the analysis obtained from accoustic impedance analysis. Merging the two interpretations, the writer concluded a recommendation of prospect area with porosity >20% and Mu-Rho >7,5.
Comparison of Very Fast Simulated Annealing and Modified Particle Swarm Optimizaton Inversion Method for 1-D TDEM Data Modelling
Authors: Prabawa R S , Warsa
Published: August 2019

Time domain electromagnetic method (TDEM) is a geophysical method that can be applied to a wide range of problem. TDEM data requires non-linear inversion in its modelling because of the complex relationship between data and model. A global approach is an approach in nonlinear inversion calculation which is not sensitive to the initial model and capable of obtaining global minimums. Previous studies proved that one type of inversion method will not give the most satisfactory results for all different types of inversion problems. For this reason, this study was conducted to discuss the performance of global non-linear inversion methods for 1D TDEM data modelling so that future inversion process can be carried out more optimally. In this study, the performance of VFSA and MPSO inversion method in the modelling of synthetic and field 1D TDEM data is compared. The inversion modelling is done multiple times in order to consider the random factor present in both methods and also to compare the result’s variability of each method. From the result of synthetic data inversion, it can be seen that there is a variation of inversion performance between models which is caused by the ambiguity in 1D TDEM. Based on the comparison of the two methods, MPSO performs better in inversion of data with lower level of ambiguity, and vice versa. Overall, it is concluded that the VFSA method performs better than MPSO because it has lower variability and gives better inversion results for data with high ambiguity which is usually the case for real 1D TDEM data.
Updating Hypocenter Relocation in Indonesia using 3D Seismic Velocity Model: Period of April 2009-March 2018
Authors: Dian Nugraha Andri , Rosalia Shindy , Widiyantoro Sri , Supendi Pepen , Wiyono Samsul , Daryono
Published: August 2019

In the past 2 years, we have been conducting routine hypocenter relocation in Indonesia. We compiled and conducted hypocenter relocation of ∼50.000 events from a magnitude of 1.4 to 8.5 recorded by 451 stations around and outside Indonesia region. We used local, regional, and teleseismic arrival time data from Indonesian Agency of Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) catalog from April 2009 to March 2018. We performed teleseismic double-difference relocation inversion using our previous study of 3D seismic velocity model beneath the Indonesian region with grid size 1∘ by 1∘ for inside Indonesia region and 1D global seismic velocity model from AK135 for outside Indonesia region. This method improved limitation from BMKG earthquake data catalog in which events were recorded from scattered seismic station array and insufficient azimuthal gap around Indonesia. Our results show that travel-time RMS residuals were greatly reduced compared to those of the BMKG catalog and the hypocenter location shows significant improvement, refining to the geological structure, especially trench and major faults. These hypocenter relocation results can be helpful for another seismic study in Indonesia region that required a precise hypocenter location e.g. body wave tomography and probability seismic hazard analysis.
Adipic Acid Crosslinked Nanocrystalline Cellulose/Chitosan Composite: Tensile Properties and Crystallinity
Authors: Gan P.G. , Sam S.T. , Abullah M.F. , Chow C.C.
Published: August 2019

In the present study, empty fruit bunch derived nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared and employed as a reinforcing agent to improve the tensile properties of the chitosan composites. Adipic acid was added as a crosslinker. The incorporation of NCC has greatly improved the tensile properties of composites. The crosslinking reaction has further improved the tensile properties. 3 wt% NCC/chitosan composites displayed the highest tensile strength which is 48.7MPa and 65.3 MPa without and with the addition of crosslinker respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystalline peak of chitosan composites was significantly improved by the addition of NCC however the crystallinity peak was decreased by the incorporation of adipic acid.
Biological performance of integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) process
Authors: Zahari N. M. , Khairuddin P. N. , Mohiyaden H. A. , Sidek L. M. , Mohamad D.
Published: August 2019

The aim of this paper is to explore the information and analyze the performance of bio ball and spawning brush media in order to compare the findings of the performance of both biomedia by using Monod Model Equation. The integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) process uses aeration and biomedia of spawning brush and bio ball which are placed fixed in the reactors 1 and 2 respectively. The duration of the study was conducted in 10 days which consist of two-phase which the first phase is monitoring water quality parameter and apply the Monod equation to obtain the performance of the biomedia as the second phase. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal of reactor 2 has a slightly higher average of 61% as compared to reactor 1 with an average of 57.50%. Thus, the COD removal is more consistent in reactor 1 compared to reactor 2. From this results concluded that IFAS system has a good performance in I terms of low loading wastewater sources.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cold Rolled AISI 1018 Low Carbon Steel
Authors: Salman Khansaa D.
Published: August 2019

In this investigation, mechanical properties and microstructure of AISI 1018 low carbon steel in the form of strips with the dimensions about 50 × 25 × 4 mm subjected to cold rolling gradually by 20, 30, 40, and 50% were studied. The effect of the percentage of cold rolling on the mechanical properties of AISI 1018 low carbon steel was estimated by using tensile test, Brinell hardness test. The tensile test was done by using Universal Tensile Machine (UTM) to define yield strength and tensile strength as the percentage of increasing in the deformation, while the Brinell hardness number was obtained for each percentage of rolled deformation. Also, the microstructure of the specimens was analyzed by optical microscope. The results of this investigation show that the yield strength decreased with increasing the percentage of cold rolled as 300,233, 200, and 171 MPa, while the tensile strength decreased as 368, 297, 274 and 238 MPa respectively. While Brinell hardness number increased with increasing the percentage of rolling deformation as 145, 192.1,221 and 240.3 (HB) respectively. This is, in turn, show that increasing brittleness as a result of increasing rolling deformation. The photomicrographs of the specimens show that increasing in percentage of cold rolling leads to stretch the grains, which consist of fine ferrite grains with the pearlite grains.
Evaluation of particle removal efficiency in sedimentation tank incorporating bottom grid structure
Authors: Chow M.F. , Ruzaiman A. S. , Rashid F. A. , Chong S.T.
Published: August 2019

A series of comparative experiments, with and without BGS, were carried out in a 2mx1mx1m tank. Samples used were taken from highway runoff and the BGS tested was in 1.3cmx1.5 cm size. The experimental results indicated that the particle removal efficiencies with the application of BGS were about 6% higher than when tested without the BGS for flow rates ranges from 0.2 l/s to 0.5 l/s. SPLIT was developed in the laboratory to test the effectiveness of the system to retain and treat stormwater particles. A series of experiments were conducted with different inflow rates and particle concentrations. The results showed that SPLIT system was able to remove >80% of the particles (measured as TSS concentration) from the laboratory-simulated stormwater runoff. The particle size analysis also demonstrated that reductions in the d50 of the samples in the laboratory testing from 300 µm (influent) to approximately 50 µm (effluent). Reduction in other pollutants that associate with particles is depending on their concentration association by particle size. The laboratory testing results had proved that SPLIT system was able to retain and remove the particles and pollutants effectively under various inflow rates.
Evaluation of Kerf as a Crack Arrestor in a Plate under Tension Loading using FEA
Authors: Firdaus M. , Abdul Manan M.S. , Annuar A.F. , Mustaffa M.T. , Azamudin M.E.
Published: August 2019

Crack arrestor means to prolong the life cycle of the crack. There are many methods has been studied to arrest crack but the use of a kerf as a crack arrestor has not been widely studied. Initial study has stated that the value of SIF at the crack tip can be reduced with the presence of the kerf in the same body, but detail dimension of the kerf that will produce best arresting effect is unknown. The finite element analysis was used to model the finite plate which contains different kerf geometries and a crack to obtain crack’s tip stress intensity factor. Four types of kerf’s configuration have been considered which are; single central kerf, double central kerf, single edge kerf and double edge kerf. Each type used different kerf’s geometries selection that is predicted will produce higher kerf-crack interaction. The results of SIF were calculated as a percentage reduction when compared to SIF of a single edge crack without any kerf. Results show double edge kerf type is the most suitable for crack arrestor. Maximum percentage SIF reduction of 34.27% can be achieved when the crack is the shortest and separation to width ratio equal to 0.1. If the longer crack is detected on a structure, highest percentage SIF reduction can be achieved by fabricating maximum kerf length with separation to width ratio in the range of 0.15 and 0.25.
Investigation on Antioxidants Compounds Composition Contains in Leucaena Leucocephala (Petai Belalang)
Authors: Zarina Z , Ruzaidi C M , Sam S T , Mustafa Al Bakri A M
Published: August 2019

The main objective of the current work was to investigate the unknown compound composition contains in Leucaena Leucocephala (Petai Belalang) to prove that there were antioxidants properties presents in the leaves and seeds of the plant. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the samples. It was found that for both leaves and seeds sample of Leucaena Leucocephala, the spectrum had shown the main existence of alcohol (O-H bond. As the O-H bond is the main element of antioxidant and phenolic compound, the FTIR analysis shows for the high possibilities for the present of antioxidant and phenolic compound in the leaves and seeds of Leucaena Leucocephala. Further analysis using HPLC, both seed and leaf sample shows for the presence of the same compounds, identified as apigenin, caffeic acid, formic acid, isorhamnetin, keampferol, luteolin and quercetin, but by comparing the peak, can be concluded that the compounds in seed are higher than the compounds in leaf.
Graphene Multi-layer on Plastic Substrate
Authors: Ramli Muhammad M. , Mat Isa Siti S. , Henley Simon S.
Published: August 2019

Vacuum filtration method was used in order to fabricate a homogeneous and uniform thin film of multi-layer graphene on plastic substrate. This self-regulating technique allows the number of graphene layer to be controlled thus controlling the film thickness by simply varying either the concentration of the graphene in the suspension or the filtration volume. Measurement of the sheet resistance as a function of graphene concentration in solution shows the percolation behavior of multi-layer graphene films.
Optimization Parameters to Reduce the Warpage Defect of Plastic Injection Molding Process for A Thin-Shell Part Using Design of Experiment
Authors: Radhwan H , Nasir S M , Rashidi M M , Kamarudin K , Abdellah Abdellah el-hadj
Published: August 2019

Development of light, small and thin plastic products that possess high strength characteristic such as electronic devices have become one of the tremendous demands in the plastic injection molding industry nowadays. However, smaller and thinner wall part design has increased the possibility for the parts to warp. The aim of this study is therefore to determine the best set combination of molding parameters that could reduce the warpage defect. There are six parameters that have been selected in this study which are mold temperature, melt temperature, packing time, cooling time, injection time and packing pressure. Taguchi orthogonal array is used to simplify the experimental runs. The analysis is done by applying S/N ratio approach and ANOVA method. Based on the results obtained from the analysis, it is found that the best set combination parameters give out the smallest warpage value.
Design and Analysis of Jigs and Fixtures for Manufacturing Process
Authors: Radhwan H , Effendi M S M , Farizuan Rosli Muhamad , Shayfull Z , Nadia K. N.
Published: August 2019

This final year paper report is about the design and analysis of jigs and fixtures for manufacturing process. For this project, it is focus on the perspective of the job handling to produce the part. Currently, they implement the manual handling to assembly each component. Improvement that is trying to do is by replace the manual handling for the process by designing the semi auto jig for this process. The objectives of this project are to investigate the collected data and analyse the design of jig and fixture to ease work handling. The methodology of research procedures covered on this project consists of collect data, brainstorming and interprets data, design concept, and documentation. The design of jig and fixtures is using Unigraphics NX7.5 software. The data that can be studied include the analysis of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using CATIA software, the analysis of design ergonomic, the time study analysis and cost analysis. At the end of this project, this research will be able to give understanding about jig and fixture, design by using Unigraphics NX7.5 software and finally able to do the analysis for the selected part of product by using FEA and other relevant analysis
A Modified Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Function Optimization Strategy
Authors: Chen Chang-feng , Daud Nasarudin bin , Zhou Kai-qing , Elisha Nyamasvisva Tadiwa
Published: August 2019

Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm has received wide attention due to the outstanding performance in solving complex optimization problems. However, the further application of ABC is still hindered due to some bottlenecks, such as slow convergence velocity, poor global search ability and low accuracy of solution. To overcome these problems, an improved ABC (CT-ABC) is proposed in this paper by using both a chaotic map and a tolerance based search equation (TSE). Some standard test functions are chosen to verify the performance by implementing the proposed modified ABC algorithm, basic ABC and another modified ABC (WABC). Simulation results reveal the proposed CT-ABC algorithm is able to obtain the faster convergence speeds and better accurate approximate solution.
E-learning prospect on improving academic performance in Omani Universities
Authors: Tawafak Ragad M. , Romli Awanis , Abdullah Arshah Ruzaini
Published: August 2019

This paper will discuss the impact of E-Learning prospect on the improvement of learner academic performance of Oman universities. The study explains the needs to expand working on E-Learning models and continue use of face to face traditional educational process. The real problem faced education is a need for several applications and technologies to improve their outputs and improve on teacher-student prospect. This paper aims to present an expanded review of different E-learning models to evaluate the prospect of their academic performance. The method of this paper divided into two phases. In the first phase, including the analysis of different technologies and most used tools affected in the educational process to measure the acceptance of learning outcomes. The Second phase, show the testing and validation of learner prospect of E-Learning to enhance the learning process and improve the academic performance.
Simulation and Modelling the Human Crowd Evacuation
Authors: Akma Abu Bakar Noor , Abdul Majid Mazlina , Adam Khalid
Published: August 2019

The operational research (OR) become one of emerging areas and significance and its relevance to be used in the simulation and modelling. To simulating and modelling the crowd evacuation, the most important elements to have in a realistic model is the appropriate simulation technique. To simulate the evacuee’s movement in crowd is still in research and challenge because of the emergence and become a complex task and dangerous for the real and actual case. The computational simulation technique is required in order to model the crowd evacuation as one part of OR and become a solution to represent the fire crowd evacuation in the closed space e.g. Building relates to human movement and its states. The theories and concept of computational method allows for creating, analysing and experimentation. The techniques; Agent-Based Simulation (ABS), Social Force Model (SFM) and the hybrid SFM/ABS has been proposed for this research work. SFM is the well-known and popular technique for crowd evacuation while ABS is best-known, intelligent and appropriate to imitate the human movement. This paper provides a review of this research work from an OR perspective and the outcomes of a review of the computational simulation techniques literature are presented, using a proposed conceptual model will be valuable for future researchers, and modellers alike.
Deep Learning Layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Scheme for Cancer Image
Authors: Zainudin Z , Shamsuddin S M , Hasan S
Published: August 2019

Recent years, in medical image especially cancer detection used whole slide digital scanners, called as histopathology image (images of tissues and cell) where it can now be keep in digital images. Consequently, using Deep Learning will help pathologist in cancer detection (cancer cell known as mitosis). In this paper, we are using Deep Learning Layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for cancer classification using histopathology image and used AMIDA dataset which are related on female breast cancer dataset. Mitosis is an important parameter for the prognosis/diagnosis of breast cancer. However, using histopathology image for cancer detection is a challenging problem that needs a deeper investigations. This problem occurs when to classify mitosis because mitosis is small objects with a large variety of shapes, and they can thus be easily confused with some other objects or artefacts present in the image. In this paper, the objective to find the suitable layer for Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network and reduce the loss rate.
Conceptual Design of a Generic Nodal Abstraction (GNA) for a Human-Agent Collaboration Systems
Authors: Abbas Mohammed Khudhair , Abdul Majid Mazlina , Sharifuddin Ahmad Mohd
Published: August 2019

The issues of modelling software agents in collaborative systems present some problems and difficulties caused by the diversity of tasks and the procedures attached to them. Consequently, such diversity poses a critical challenge to implement scheduled tasks. In this paper, we propose collaborative human-agent system in which a software agent collaborates and cooperates with its human counterpart in several job positions of an organization. The goal of the GNA approach is to improve collaboration between humans when performing tasks within a workflow process. The GNA is built based on the concept of a node which comprises of a human, agents, and their shared functions. This concept espouses the notion that agents could be deployed to assist humans in many common workflow processes and to handle mundane tasks. Furthermore, a multi-agent system is advocated as an application or platform for managing distributed data. Specifically, this paper describes a conceptual design of a generic approach based on the notion of nodes to construct a Generic Nodal Abstraction (GNA) approach that is deployable as a modeling and simulation platform for organizational processes.
Comparison of dimensional reduction using the Singular Value Decomposition Algorithm and the Self Organizing Map Algorithm in clustering result of text documents
Authors: Ihsan Jambak Muhammad , Ikrom Izzuddin Jambak Ahmad
Published: August 2019

Dimension reduction has two methods namely feature selection and feature extraction. Dimension reduction using the feature selection method has a better influence than the feature extraction method on the cluster results. However, there is still a need for feature extraction methods to reduce dimensions. For this reason, an alternative algorithm is needed from the feature extraction method. Self Organizing Map (SOM) is one of the artificial neural network models that has a special nature that is effectively able to create spatial internal representations of input data, or in general to create smaller data dimensions. This research was examining the capability of SOM compared to Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) in reducing data dimension of text documents before there were clustered by k-Means. Results show that SVD still better than SOM in cluster quality index but SOM faster than SVD in computation times.
Application of Hybrid Predictive Tools for Prediction and Simulation in Supercritical Fluid Extraction – An Overview
Authors: Adeib Idris Sitinoor , Markom Masturah
Published: August 2019

Supercritical fluid technology (SFT) has been applied in many areas, such as in pharmaceutical and food sectors, due to its outstanding features. SFT is an efficient technology that performs extraction and leaves no or less organic residues compared to conventional processes. Recently, the simulation and prediction of the process output from supercritical fluid extraction was determined using intelligent system predictive tools. The prediction of the set of results from supercritical fluid extraction for designing and scale up purposes is crucial because it can not only reduce the usage of extraction solvent and the energy and time of the process but it can also solve the problem that the complex mathematical model cannot solve. A neural network is considered as one of the artificial intelligent systems and is a key technology in industry 4.0. The use of hybrid predictive tools is also a developing area in the prediction and simulation of supercritical fluid extraction and therefore will be further discussed in this paper.
An overview of surface reconstruction using partial differential equation (PDE)
Authors: Othman M N M , Yusoff Y , Haron H , You L
Published: August 2019

Surface reconstruction is the main process of reverse engineering where engineering model is reproduced in digital format. Surface reconstruction using PDE can be described as solving the PDE to generate the reconstructed surface of an object of interest. This paper provides a brief introduction to the process of surface reconstruction, partial differential equation and its application in surface reconstruction, as well as summarizing several works that utilize this approach. This paper also outlines the validation method used to assess a reconstruction model.
Integration of Statistical Method and Zernike Moment as Feature Extraction in Liveness Detection
Authors: Ahmad A S , Hassan R , Zakaria Z , Ramlan R
Published: August 2019

Recently, fake fingerprints have been used to defeat fingerprint recognition systems. These fake fingerprints are created without the need for any expertise and use easily found materials. In this paper, a fake fingerprint detection method is proposed that employs a combination of eleven statistical methods and integrating them with Zernike Moment as the feature extractor. Based on the experimental results, the proposed method showed average classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of approximately 80% for all sensors used to capture fake fingerprint images fabricated by gelatine and latex materials.
Support Vector Machine with Principle Component Analysis for Road Traffic Crash Severity Classification
Authors: Radzi N.H.M. , Gwari I.S.B. , Mustaffa N.H. , Sallehuddin R.
Published: August 2019

Road traffic crash (RTC) is one among the leading causes of death in the world, including Nigeria. It also turns many victims completely disabled and generally affected the socio–economic development in the society. In this paper, we proposed to predict the road crash severity injuries in Nigeria by identifying the most significant contributory factors using Principal Component Analysis with Support Vector Machine (SVM) used for classification algorithm. Road crash data from year 2013-2015 obtained from Federal Road Safety Corps Nigeria is used in this study. The result shows that and increased to 87% compared to 82% without feature selection.
A Review on Type of Attacks on Fingerprint Image and Watermarking Techniques
Authors: Lebcir Mohamed , Awang Suryanti
Published: August 2019

Fingerprint image watermarking techniques have several advantages over traditional security systems that based on token or knowledge. However, they are also vulnerable to attacks that can decrease their security. In this regard, this paper presents a study of a number of research studies on the attacks of fingerprint images watermarking techniques. The attacks can be categorized into intentional and unintentional. We study several attacks based on that category and several fingerprint image watermarking methods. We produce a comprehensive comparison of those methods to show how the methods able to prevent the attacks. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the methods. Therefore, based on that, we can see what are the common attacks on the fingerprint image and what are the methods that efficient in preventing the attacks.
Flower Pollination Neural Network For Heart Disease Classification
Authors: Haider Bin Abu Yazid Mohamad , Shukor Talib Mohamad , Haikal Satria Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Heart Disease are among the leading cause of death worldwide. The application of artificial neural network as decision support tool for heart disease detection have been previously proposed. However, artificial neural network using conventional back propagation algorithm for error minimization and these algorithm tend to stuck at local minima. This paper proposed the use of flower pollination algorithm as a substitute to conventional back propagation algorithm for error minimization. Heart disease dataset obtain from UCI machine learning repository is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed framework. The results show that the proposed flower pollination neural network able to produce higher classification accuracy compared to the conventional back propagation neural network algorithm.
An enhanced latent semantic indexing with term frequency-inverse document frequency variant for software traceability
Authors: Tumeng R , Jawawi D N A , Isa M A
Published: August 2019

This paper proposes an improved Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TFIDF) variant for software traceability. The main advantage of the method is the simplicity and accuracy of the algorithm such that it can produce high precision and recall. The accuracy of tracing precise links between software artefacts is achieved by feeding the LSI with TF-IFDF variant that halves the TF and IDF values, thus increases the probability of yielding precise links. To test the accuracy of the proposed method, two case studies were evaluated, namely Mushroom Management System (MMS) and Robotic Wheelchair System (RWS). The superiority of the proposed method over a conventional LSI is confirmed by 409.09%, 900.00%, and 620.00% improvements for precision, recall, and harmonic mean scores, respectively, in MMS case study, at cosine threshold of 0.94. It is anticipated that the method could be beneficial in the design of a practical and accurate system for retrieving precise software traceability links.
Overview of Machine Vision on Digital Imaging Approach for Automatic Tuna Length Measurement
Authors: Ridhwan Sukiman Adam , Hassan Haswadi , Mohd Zain Azlan , Mukhtar Alif , Zaman Panatik Kamarul
Published: August 2019

The demand of fish and marine product have increased significantly throughout the year. Therefore, overfishing had become major concern for various parties around the world especially the United Nation(UN). Collecting numerical data is a first step toward preservation and conservation of tuna and other fish population. This paper reviews automatic tuna length measurement by using machine vision techniques. This is one of the steps in collecting necessary data on size of fishes caught by fishermen. Previous research had been done on measuring the length of fish, but the accuracy rate of the length measurement is not satisfactory enough. Many factors affecting the accuracy of the length measurement processes such as lighting inequalities, blood on the platform and others. Machine vision techniques have a great potential to be used in automating the measurement of the fish length with high accuracy. Machine vision techniques could improve the accuracy and efficiency of the measurement of the fish length that would substitute the tedious manual work.
Taguchi Method Used in Optimization of Plastic Injection Molding
Authors: Fatihah Kamarudin Nur , Mohamad Yusuf Suhaila , Mohd Zain Azlan
Published: August 2019

Plastic Injection molding is the most important process of plastic product where it determines whether the product can be used or it has inadequacy. The inadequacy can make the product unusable or also can affect the quality of the product. So in order to avoid the inadequacy, optimization of the process parameter must be done. This is one of the steps to get the best quality of product. It will able to save cost as well as increase the quality of the product. Taguchi method is one of the methods that use to identify the parameter that can cause the defect of a product. This method is able to reduce the defect and also able to decrease the cost of creating the product.
Characterization of Fly Ash and Metakaolin Blend Geopolymers under Ambient Temperature Condition
Authors: Zulkifly Khairunnisa , Cheng Yong Heah , Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd , Yun Ming Liew , Victor Sandu Andrei , Fatimah Azzahran Abdullah Siti
Published: August 2019

This paper presents a characterization of fly ash and metakaolin blend geopolymers of the optimize mix proportion of 10 M NaOH concentration mixed with the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1.2 and sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide ratio of 2.6. The combination of amorphous and crystalline phase in the fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK) blend geopolymers showed a positive effect on the resultant geopolymers. The formation of new crystalline phases which is sillimanite as presented by XRD analysis. Fly ash and metakaolin blend geopolymers showed the presence of geopolymer bonding at around 1390 cm-1 and 960 cm-1. This paper discloses effect of blending fly ash and metakaolin in the synthesis promotes the continual hydration of the geopolymers.
Utilization of rice straw ash during composting of food waste at different initial C/N ratios for compost quality
Authors: Noor Baya Binti Khalib Siti , Azura Binti Zakarya Irnis , Nuraiti Binti Tengku Izhar Tengku
Published: August 2019

The increases in rice productivity and size of paddy areas have led to the huge excess of rice straw in paddy field after the harvesting season. Rice straw can be used as a soil conditioner by composting process instead of on-farm burning that been practice by farmer which can caused pollution. Nevertheless, it required a long time for the decomposition process to happen since the main fraction of rice straw is lignocellulose which was difficult to degrade. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different initial C:N ratio used (20,25,30) during composting of rice straw ash and food waste towards compost quality in term of pH, temperature, moisture content, C:N ratio and germination index. A laboratory-scale bin composter reactor was used during 30 days of composting period. The composting mixture with initial C:N ratio of 30 maintained the temperature exceeding 55°C for more than 3 days but the composting mixtures with initial C:N ratios of 20 and 25 did not meet the requirement of pathogen destruction. The maximum final C:N ratio and germination index obtained at a composting mixture with initial C:N ratios of 30 compared to the other two composting mixtures. The pH and moisture content value in three composting mixture was recorded in a range of 7-9 and 40-60% for mature compost to establish.
An Experimental Investigation of Humidity Effect on fabrication of Green Ceramic Membrane Prepared Via Dry Phase Inversion
Authors: Riduan Jamalludin Mohd , Khadijah Hubadillah Siti , Harun Zawati , Hafiz Dzarfan Othman Mohd , Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Khor C.Y. , Rosli M.U. , Nawi M.A.M. , Mohamad Syafiq A.K. , Lailina N.M , Ismail Ras izzati , Yit Leng Lee
Published: August 2019

Ceramic membranes are gaining a market demand nowadays due to its characterization and performance. However, in the preparation of ceramic membrane for water and wastewater separation, the processes involved are taking a higher cost. In this work, ceramic membranes were prepared via phase inversion within controlled humidity by using different composition of low cost and green ceramic material, kaolin. The preparation of ceramic membranes was conducted via phase inversion in high humidity; i) 3°C and, ii) room temperature. In this paper, we report on the high humidity affected the viscosity of membrane suspension. Thus, the viscosity of ceramic suspension was giving integration towards membrane characterization and performance. A dense membrane structure was observed when the ceramic membranes were prepared in high humidity and kaolin composition. The morphology of overall, porous and dense structure of ceramic membranes was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) at x50, x500 and x5000 magnification respectively.
Effect of Solder Joint Width to the Mechanical Aspect in Thermal Stress Analysis
Authors: Tan J. S. , Khor C. Y. , Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Rosli M. U. , Riduan Jamalludin Mohd , Nawi M. A. M. , Mohamad Syafiq A.K. , Abdul Aziz M.S.
Published: August 2019

The solder joint has a different dimension which depends on the component or package size. The thermal induced stress, strain and displacement is difficult to visualize due to small size during the component assembly process. Thus, this study is aimed to investigate those mechanical aspects via thermal stress analysis using finite element method. A model of surface mount capacitor was created in the simulation software. The influence of the different widths to the stress, strain and displacement were investigated. The simulation results revealed that the solder width significantly affects the stress, strain and displacement of the solder joint. The increment of the width decreases the strain and stress of the solder joint. The lowest stress and strain were found on the 3.1 mm of solder joint. Thus, the simulation results are expected to provide the understanding of mechanical aspects of solder joint in the thermal stress analysis.
The Influence of Spiral Blade Distributor on Pressure Drop in a Swirling Fluidized Bed
Authors: Nawi M. A. M. , Razman Amin Mohd , Kasim M. S. , Izamshah R. , Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Khor C. Y. , Rosli M. U. , Riduan Jamalludin Mohd , Mohamad Syafiq A. K.
Published: August 2019

This work reports studies on the aerodynamics of air flow in the plenum chamber of a swirling fluidized bed. The study focused on the effect of annular spiral blade distributor configuration whereby the effect of various pitch length (60 mm, 80 mm and 100 mm) via various horizontal inclination angle (0°, 12° and 15°). The CFD method is used to compute and obtain the performance results as well as pressure drop data. Moreover, high pressure drop is undesirable since high pumping power is needed to sustain the pressure needed to run the swirling fluidized bed processes. It should be as low as possible to reduce the power being wasted during the processes. The numerical result at the parameter of horizontal blade inclination of 15° via pitch length of spiral blade distributor of 100 mm shows that effect on large overlapping length of blade (trapezoidal) area consume less pressure drop.
Theoretical framework of universal design principle (UDP) approach considering haptic exploratory procedure (HEP) of visually impaired person in using TRIZ integration.
Authors: Shahrin S. , Rahman KAAA , Kamarudin KM , Che Me R.
Published: August 2019

Visually impaired person has a difficulty in identifying the product function and usability. There is a need to integrate haptic exploratory procedure (HEP) of visually impaired person with universal design principle (UDP) in order to construct structural design approach. The purpose of this study is to construct theoretical framework for universal design approach considering haptic exploratory procedure (HEP). This study uses literature on visually impaired person haptic exploratory procedure (HEP) in order to identify the object properties translated by visually impaired person. Then, it uses literature of universal design to identify universal design approach in concept design process. Then, approach of TRIZ is explored in proposing systematic approach. Finally, the results are expected to lead towards model of theoretical framework of universal design approach using TRIZ and HEP. It can provide a helpful foundation for structuring the experiences to develop further the knowledge and understanding of objects for universal design. This theoretical framework contributes in designing structural UDP approach with consideration of visually impaired person HEP. It improves product usability in designing a universal design for visually impaired person.
Influence of Manganese Substitution on Photocatalytic Activity of Fe3-xMnxO4 Catalyst by Heterogeneous Photo Fenton-like Reaction
Authors: Alrozi Rasyidah , Adzwin Noordin Nurul , Edwin Elsabba , Aida Zubir Nor , Nasuha Norhaslinda , Imam Maarof Hawaiah , Anuar Kamaruddin Mohamad
Published: August 2019

In this study, the influence of manganese substitution on the photocatalytic activity of heterogeneous Fe3-xMnxO4 catalyst were investigated. The Fe3-xMnxO4 catalysts were synthesized through co-precipitation method at varies manganese (Mn) substitution ratio (x) of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively. The photocatalytic performance of the resultant catalysts were tested in photo Fenton-like degradation of AOII dye in the presence of 22Mm H2O2 at initial pH of 3. Interestingly, discoloration of 95.9% AOII was achieved at optimized x value of 0.3. Enhancement of nearly 98% was observed compared to pristine catalyst (x=0) which was able to degrade up to 48.4% only. In addition, it also demonstrated that the AOII degradation kinetic using Fe3-xMnxO4 catalyst at x=0.3 by photo Fenton-like reaction was fitted well with the first order reaction kinetic (k = 0.018 min-1 and R2 = 0.9862). Thus, it can be suggested that the substitution of Mn into the matrix of iron oxide provides a positive influence in enhancing the overall photocatalytic peformance of heterogeneous Fe3-xMnxO4 catalyst during the photo Fenton-like reaction.
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Measurement of River Discharge at Sungai Perak, Bota Kiri
Authors: Ruslan Ismail Wan , Shazril Idris Ibrahim Muhammad , Abustan Ismail , Remy Rozainy Mohd , Aimi Mohd Najib Sumayyah , Faiz Syazwan Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Nowadays, the mining of sand resources from rivers areas especially in Perak state is a common practice and may lead to destruction of public assets as well as impacts or increase stress on commercial and noncommercial living resources that utilize these areas. This study was carried out to determine possible river sand removal capacity and their consequences towards Sungai Perak. Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) is utilized to make river profiler in term of velocity meshes and river bed depth. It also could measure the total discharge of a particular cross-section. In this study, 8 locations of the river were chosen to analyze the river discharge profile either symmetrical or non-symmetrical. From the result and analysis, only one out of eight location showed symmetrical profile. This result showed that the flow of water in the river was not in a good condition and river sand mining in a controlled condition need to be conducted to improve the quality of the river. Other than that, the average flow of Sg. Perak at Pendiat (7770 km2) is 220 m3/s which is same magnitude that was reported by Department of Irrigation and Drainage. Based on this result, it is possible to mine sand island and this activity will reduce local scouring.
An Experience Of Hydraulic Physical Model Study In Malaysia.
Authors: Firdaus Zulkefly Zainordin , Abustan Ismail , Remy Rozainy Mohd , Abdul Wahab Khairy
Published: August 2019

Water Resources Section at School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia have involved more than 20 projects in pump sump physical modeling, 4 projects in hydraulic spillway study and more than 20 projects related to hydraulic physical model. The total cost of overall projects involved is more than 1 million USD. Hydraulic physical modeling has proven to be important and efficient tool in conceptual as well as detailed hydraulic design. Pump sump model provide effective solution to complex hydraulic problems with unmatched reliability. Meanwhile spillway study is often necessary to determine the possible occurrences of hydraulic jumps, splashing over the site walls and undesired flow vortices. This research can be done accurately because the equipment is complete and sophisticated. Problems related to hydraulic physical model can be solved wisely and accurately with aid of accurate design, data collection and data analyses.
Recovery of iron from electric arc furnace slag: effect of heating temperature and time
Authors: Nasuha Norhaslinda , Shaziela Nobri@Mohd Shukri Nor , Edora Rohizat Nurizani , Alrozi Rasyidah , Aida Zubir Nor , Imam Maarof Hawaiah
Published: August 2019

This work presents the iron oxide recovery from electric arc furnace slag with different temperature and time using acid leaching method. The results showed that formation of iron oxide from electric arc furnace (IO-EAFS) was influenced by the temperature and time of heating. This is evidenced by constant acid concentration and liquid to solid ratio, 5 hours of heating time was exhibited the highest amount of iron ion in extracted solution. The maximum of iron extract in heating temperature was at 100 °C. Throughout the characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the iron oxide illustrated the microstructures were agglomerates predominantly with irregular shapes and XRD results further colobrated the presence of hematite combined with other metal oxide exists in the IO-EAFS. From the TGA analysis, it was identified that the recovered iron oxide was totally decomposed at 525°C. This results indicate that electric arc furnace slag is potential material of iron oxide for the future appliction.
The Effect of N-Hexane Extract of Sambiloto Leaves (Andrographis paniculata) on Spermatozoa Quality of Male ICR Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Asmawati Azis Andi , Adnan  , Nurmaidah Sitti , Citra Pratiwi Andi
Published: August 2019

The study aimed to determine the effect of N-Hexane extract of Andrographis paniculata leaves on testis weight of male mice (Mus musculus), along with the amount, motility, viability, and abnormality of its sperm. The tested animals used in this study were male Mus musculus aged 10-12 weeks with the average body weight (bw) of 21 g. The study was an experimental study with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consists of one control group (A0, without extract) and three experimental groups (A1, A2, A3, with the extract concentration of 125 mg/kg bw, 250 mg/kg bw, and 500 mg/kg bw, respectively). The volume of extract given to each experimental mice was 1 cc per day, for a total of 18 days. The parameter of observation were the weight of testis, along with the amount, motility, viability, and the total of abnormal sperm. The data collected were analyzed by using F Test (α 0,05) and BNT Test (α 0,05). The result of data analysis showed that the N-Hexane extract of A. paniculata which was given for 18 days consecutively has affected the spermatozoa production of male mice. Each concentration of N-Hexane extract of A. paniculata (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg bw) had caused the decreasing of testis weight; the decreasing of spermatozoa production; the decreasing of motility and viability of spermatozoa; and the increasing of abnormal sperm. Hence, the study suggested that the N-hexane extract of A. paniculata has the potential to be used as antifertility treatment as it decreased the reproductive fuction of male Mus musculus. The extract concentration which cause the biggest effect is 500 mg/kg bw.