bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Power-Transition Crisis of the 160s–130s BCE and the Formation of the Parthian Empire
Authors: Overtoom Nikolaus Leo
Published: June 2019

Alexander the Great’s conquests ushered in the Hellenistic era throughout the ancient Mediterranean and Middle East. In this period, the Seleucids, one of most successful of the Successor dynasties, ruled over most of the Middle East at the height of their power. Yet two rising powers in the ancient world, Rome and Parthia, played a crucial role in the decline and eventual fall of the Seleucids. In a prior article, I argued that geopolitical developments around the Eastern Mediterranean in the middle third century BCE were indirectly responsible for the emergence of the Parthian state in Iran. Disastrous military conflicts at home and abroad in the west caused a sudden decline of Seleucid power in the 240s–230s, triggering what political scientists call a power-transition crisis. This article utilizes similar approaches to historical analysis and International Relations theory to contend that, after a period of recovery, a further sudden decline of Seleucid power in the 160s–130s triggered another power-transition crisis that brought an end to Seleucid hegemony over the Middle East permanently. The crisis facilitated the rapid transformation of the Parthian state from a minor kingdom to a major empire, drastically changing the international environment of the ancient world.
Regional Market Income Inequality and its Impact on Crime in Germany: A Spatial Panel Data Approach with Local Spillovers
Authors: Süß Philipp
Published: June 2019

Economic theory predicts a positive effect of an increase in income inequality on the prevalence of crime, but the international empirical evidence is mixed. For Germany, research on this topic is virtually non-existent. Therefore, I used fixed effect regressions to estimate the effect of a market income inequality proxy on property damages, thefts from motor vehicles, domestic burglaries and assaults in Germany. The models without spatial lags suggest economically small to moderate own-district elasticities between 0.13 and 0.95. The models with spatial lags generally show insignificant own-district estimates, but significant spatial spillovers.
Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL Visual) Version 2.1
Authors: Madsen Curtis , Goni Moreno Angel , Palchick Zachary , P Umesh , Roehner Nicholas , Bartley Bryan , Bhatia Swapnil , Bhakta Shyam , Bissell Mike , Clancy Kevin , Cox Robert Sidney , Gorochowski Thomas , Grunberg Raik , Luna Augustin , McLaughlin James , Nguyen Tramy , Le Novere Nicolas , Pocock Matthew , Sauro Herbert , Scott-Brown James , Sexton John T. , Stan Guy-Bart , Tabor Jeffrey J. , Voigt Christopher A. , Zundel Zach , Myers Chris , Beal Jacob , Wipat Anil
Published: June 2019

People who are engineering biological organisms often find it useful to communicate in diagrams, both about the structure of the nucleic acid sequences that they are engineering and about the functional relationships between sequence features and other molecular species . Some typical practices and conventions have begun to emerge for such diagrams. The Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL Visual) has been developed as a standard for organizing and systematizing such conventions in order to produce a coherent language for expressing the structure and function of genetic designs. This document details version 2.1 of SBOL Visual, which builds on the prior SBOL Visual 2.0 standard by expanding diagram syntax to include methods for showing modular structure and mappings between elements of a system, interactions arrows that can split or join (with the glyph at the split or join indicating either superposition or a chemical process), and adding new glyphs for indicating genomic context (e.g., integration into a plasmid or genome) and for stop codons.
Emmy Destinn Memorabilia from the Estate of Hilda Schueler-Mosert
Authors: Kabelková Markéta
Published: June 2019

In 2017 the National Museum – Czech Museum of Music obtained a rare set of memorabilia for the singer Emmy Destinn (1878–1930) from the estate of her friend Hilda Schueler-Mosert (1888–1965). The two women met in ca. 1905, and they remained in contact until Emmy Destinn’s death. Hilda Schueler, a German sculptress and painter, was forced to flee Germany with her husband in 1942 because of their Jewish origins. After the war, they settled in Sweden. The set of material contains letters, programmes and posters, newspaper clippings, photographs of the two women, and phonograph records. The items were donated by Hilda Schueler’s grandchildren, who live in Sweden.
The crystal structure of bis[μ2-(N,N-diethylcarbamodithioato-κS:κS,κS′)] bis[1′-(diphenylphosphino-κP)-1-cyanoferrocene]disilver(I), C56H56Ag2Fe2N4P2S4
Authors: Škoch Karel , Štěpnička Petr
Published: June 2019

C56H56Ag2Fe2N4P2S4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.5058(2) Å, b = 10.8362(2) Å, c = 14.3325(3) Å, α = 72.400(1)°, β = 75.241(1)°, γ = 77.132(1)°, V = 1343.71(5) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0191, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0443, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of 8-bromo-6-oxo-2-phenyl-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-5-carbaldehyde, C18H11BrNO2
Authors: Maluleka Marole M. , Mphahlele Malose J. , Onwu Eugene E.
Published: June 2019

C18H11BrNO2, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 20.745(2) Å, b = 6.7956(8) Å, c = 20.470(3) Å, V = 2885.8(6) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.034, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0846, T = 173(2) K.
Conformational changes in common monosaccharides caused by per-O-sulfation
Authors: Gerbst Alexey G. , Krylov Vadim B. , Nifantiev Nikolay E.
Published: June 2019

Polysulfated carbohydrates play an important role in many biological processes because of their ability to bind to various protein receptors such as different growth factors, blood coagulation factors, adhesion lectins etc. Precise information about spatial organization of sulfated derivatives is of high demand for molecular modelling of such interactions as well as for understanding of the mechanism of pyranoside-into-furanoside rearrangement. In this review we summarize the changes recently revealed for the conformations of common pyranosides and furanosides upon total O-sulfation which were studied by means of NMR spectroscopy as well as molecular modelling. It was found that pentoses, being more flexible, undergo complete conformational chair inversion. Meanwhile, for hexoses the situation strongly depends on the monosaccharide configuration. Conformational changes are most pronounced in gluco-compounds though quantum chemical calculations helped to establish that no complete chair inversion occurred. In furanosides distortions of two types were observed: either the ring conformation or the conformation of the side chain changed. The presented data may be used for the analysis of chemical, physical and biological properties of sulfated carbohydrates.
2-Deoxyglycosylation towards more effective and bioavailable neuroprotective molecules inspired by nature
Authors: Dias Catarina , Matos Ana M. , Blásquez-Sanchez Maria T. , Calado Patrícia , Martins Alice , Dätwyler Philipp , Ernst Beat , Macedo M. Paula , Colabufo Nicola , Rauter Amélia P.
Published: June 2019

The neuroprotective role of natural polyphenols is well established but phenolics poor water solubility affects their bioavailability and bioactivity. Aiming to overcome this issue, we were encouraged to investigate the 2-deoxyglycosylation of natural or nature inspired neuroprotective molecules, using glycals as easily accessed glycosyl donors. This robust methodology allowed the generation of a set of new resveratrol and caffeic acid ester glycosides, envisioning more effective and bioavailable compounds. Resveratrol 2-deoxyglycosides were more effective at protecting the neuronal cells from peroxide-induced cytotoxicity than resveratrol itself, while the caffeic acid ester glycoside also showed extraordinary neuroprotection activity. Coefficient partition measurements demonstrated the moderate lipophilicity of resveratrol glycosides, which Log D values are typical of a central nervous system (CNS) drug and ideal for blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Passive permeation assessed by the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) revealed that 2,6-dideoxy-l-arabino-hexopyranosides were more effective than 2-deoxy-d-arabino-hexopyranosides. The lack of toxicity of the neuroprotective glycosides and their promising physicochemical properties revealed the usefulness of sugar coupling towards the modulation of natural product properties and bioactivity.
Progress and perspectives in high-purity substance production for semiconductor industry
Authors: Vorotyntsev Andrey V. , Petukhov Anton N. , Trubyanov Maxim M. , Atlaskin Artem A. , Makarov Dmitriy A. , Sergeeva Maria S. , Vorotyntsev Ilya V. , Vorotyntsev Vladimir M.
Published: June 2019

In the last decade, novel approaches for post-synthesis processes of separation and high purification of gases are gaining larger acceptance in industry. The market is competing with consolidated operations such as cryogenic distillation. The key for new approaches of distillation, membranes and crystallization in challenging and harsh environments is the development of new tough, high-performance materials that are characterized by higher energy efficiency compared with conventional cryogenic distillation. This review highlights the most promising fields of research in high purification and separation of gases by considering the elevated pressure and thermal distillations, membrane cascades, purification in synthesis by use of catalytic technologies, crystallization and hydride methods based on them.
Pathological and cognitive changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid MCI and protective hypoglycemic therapies: a narrative review
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Huang-Fu Zhao , Lang Xing-Ying , Chun Pu , Chi Yan-Yan , Yuan Xiao-Ying , Wang Xu-Gang
Published: June 2019

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming a significant health issue worldwide. Many studies support the hypothesis that patients with T2DM have a higher-than-expected incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) than individuals without diabetes. Based on the results from recent studies, MCI might be associated with the effects of T2DM on glucose metabolism and brain atrophy. As a narrative review, we will illuminate pathological and cognitive changes in patients with T2DM and comorbid MCI and protective hypoglycemic therapies. The early abnormal signs of cognition must be elucidated, and extensive investigations are needed to develop improved therapies for use in the clinic.
Net Neutrality and Investment in the US: A Review of Evidence from the 2018 Restoring Internet Freedom Order
Authors: Ford George S.
Published: June 2019

In 2018, the Federal Communications Commission’s Restoring Internet Freedom Order reversed its 2015 decision to apply common carrier regulation to broadband Internet access services under Title II of the Communications Act of 1934. Empirical evidence indicating negative investment effects of the regulation played a key role in this reversal, though the quantification of these investment effects were a matter of substantial controversy. This article surveys the studies cited in the recent decision and the Commission’s scrutiny of them. In all, the Commission considered eight primary works but relied on only two of them, a culling process that relied on four principles: (1) simply comparing outcomes before-and-after an event is not a valid impact analysis; (2) before-and-after comparisons are more probative if regression analysis is used to condition the outcomes by accounting for potentially relevant factors like economic growth, sales, and so forth; (3) the causal effects of a regulation are best determined with reference to a counterfactual; and (4) the application of proper methods does not excuse the use of bad data. These principles are mostly uncontroversial and are consistent with the modern practice of impact analysis.
Transference of brand personality in brand name translation: A case study on the Chinese-English translation of men’s clothing brands
Authors: Cui Ying
Published: June 2019

Brand names are endowed with personalities that appeal to consumers, and such personalities are often adjusted in translation. This research aims to explore the transference of brand personality dimensions in the Chinese-English translation of men’s clothing brands, which embody consumers’ values and self-perceptions as well as social cultural meanings, in the hope of revealing male consumers’ psychological characteristics and providing a reference for translators. This investigation studies the brand personality frameworks for English and Chinese consumers, analyzes a corpus of 477 Chinese-English men’s clothing brands, summarizes the major personality dimensions for men’s clothing brands, and explores how they are transferred in translation. As brand personalities reflect target consumers’ psychology to a certain extent, exploring the transference of brand personality dimensions in the Chinese-English translation of men’s clothing brands can reveal the differences between Chinese and English male consumers’ values and mentality, which can serve as a reference for translators and international businesses.
Electronic and Optical Properties of Cubic Perovskites CsPbCl3−

y

I

y

(y = 0, 1, 2, 3)
Authors: Padmavathy R. , Amudhavalli A. , Rajeswarapalanichamy R. , Iyakutti K.
Published: June 2019

Lead-based halide perovskites are attractive substrates for solar cells because of their excellent power conversion efficiency and low cost. The ground-state properties, electronic structure, as well as optical and phonon properties of lead-based halide perovskites (CsPbCl3−

y
I
y
(y = 0, 1, 2, 3) are investigated by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. Their electronic structure indicates that CsPbCl3−

y
I
y
(y = 0, 1, 2, 3) compounds exhibit semiconducting behaviour at normal pressure. The energy gap of CsPbCl3 can be tuned by substituting iodine atoms for chlorine atoms. The energy gap values are found to be 3.06, 2.681, 2.330, and 2.030 eV using HSE06 calculations for CsPbCl3, CsPbCl2I, CsPbClI2, and CsPbI3, respectively. Also, it is found that the energy gap values of these materials decrease with increase in pressure and that a semiconductor-to-metallic phase transition is observed at high pressure. The optical properties of these Pb-based compounds are analysed. The dynamical stability of these perovskites is analysed by their phonon dispersion curves.
Adsorption of Dye from Wastewater onto ZnO Nanoparticles-Loaded Zeolite: Kinetic, Thermodynamic and Isotherm Studies
Authors: Elfeky Ahmed Samer , Youssef Hanan Farouk , Elzaref Ahmed Shafek
Published: June 2019

The adsorption process of methylene blue (MB) and its removal from aqueous solution at initial pollutant concentration range of 1–7 ppm was investigated. Zeolite-A (Z) and its ZnO-loaded species (Z/ZnO) were prepared via microwave technique from natural resource and applied for dye removal. The loading of ZnO was governed by the cation exchange property of zeolite, followed by calcination. Experimentally, Z and Z/ZnO were tested using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and N2 adsorption-desorption. The examined parameters such as concentration of dye, contact time, ZnO dose and solution pH were traversed. Three isothermal models were analyzed. Kinetic studies indicated that, the adsorption of MB matched with pseudo-second order model. The maximum removal efficiency at pH 3, increased from 67.8% for Z to 94.8% for Z/ZnO modified with 3% ZnO loads (Z/ZnO(3%)). Parameters such as ΔH, ΔS, ΔG, S* and Ea were thermodynamically calculated. Langmiur isotherm and pseudo-second order models were the best fitting for the obtained data. The results indicated that, the adsorption of MB dye is spontaneous and endothermic, the removal efficiency is favored by increasing the temperature. ZnO-zeolite has much higher adsorption capacity for eliminating MB dye than that of the un-loaded zeolite.
Le Naufrage de la Pucelle de Molinet ou la formulation allégorique d’une crise d’État
Authors: Martínez-Morás Santiago López
Published: June 2019

Le Naufrage de la Pucelle is a work written by Jean Molinet in 1477 to relate, in allegorical form, the attack of Louis XI to Mary of Burgundy’s States at the beginning of that same year. The text presents a vessel adrift, an image of Burgundy itself, manned by a duchess who is incapable of steering it and with a divided crew, which is also a true reflection of the inner situation of the territories ruled by the daughter of Charles the Bold. The crew members are surrounded by sea animals that seek to sink them, an image of the brutality of the French attack, but they are finally rescued by eagles that embody the imperial power. The text, which is faithful to the Burgundian chivalric ideology, is built through various levels of interpretation, where the allegory not only reflects the political situation, but it also conveys religious motifs that will be common in other later works by Molinet himself, indiciaire of the duchy during those terrible years.
Ital. eravassimo e altre forme verbali in -vassimo
Authors: D’Angelo Vincenzo
Published: June 2019

This article aims to reconstruct the history of eravassimo (first-person plural of the imperfect indicative of essere) and other Italian verbal forms ending in -vassimo. These rare verbal forms began to appear in grammars and dictionaries in the 17th century and in some literary and non-literary texts in the 18th century. Some examples of the verbal forms in -vassimo can still be found in texts produced in recent years on the Internet.
Comparison the Effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Seed and Cordia myxa Fruit Extracts on DiabetesInduced Memory Impairment in Rats
Authors: Yousef nasab Fatemeh , Hajinezhad Mohammad Reza , Hashemi Hadi , Miri Abdolhossein
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek) seeds and Cordia myxa fruits have been
known as agents with anti-diabetes effects in Iranian traditional medicine. We compared the
effects of aqueous extracts of these plants on diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction.
Methods: In our study, rats were equally allocated to 4 groups (n=12/group) as follows: control;
diabetic; diabetic rats treated with T. foenum graecum seeds extract (TE) (870 mg/kg BW); and
diabetic rats treated with C. myxa fruit extract (CE) (500 mg/kg BW) for 30 days. Diabetes was
induced by alloxan (120 mg/kg BW, ip). Cognitive dysfunction was determined through memory
task and passive avoidance learning (PAL).
Results: Diabetes resulted in cognitive impairment in PAL and memory task. CE and TE
significantly reduced serum blood sugar (P<0.05) and brain lipid peroxidation (P<0.001).
Moreover, treatment with both extracts prohibited learning and memory deficits in diabetic
groups in comparison to the non-treated group; however, there was no significant difference
between the groups that were treated with TE or CE.
Conclusion: Aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds and C. myxa are effective in preventing diabetesinduced lipid peroxidation and memory loss in animal models of diabetes.
Experimental Investigation on Microstructure and Permeability of Thermally Treated Beishan Granite
Authors: Chen Shiwan , Wang Guibin , Zuo Shuangying , Yang Chunhe
Published: June 2019

A good understanding of thermal effect on physical properties (especially the permeability) of host rock is essential for a high-level radioactive waste (HLW) deep geological repository. In this study, we carried out comprehensive tests (permeability measurement, p-wave velocity measurement, mercury intrusion test, and nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]) to study the macroproperties and microstructures of Beishan granite after different temperature treatments. We found the permeability decreased after treatment at 300°C then increased sharply with increasing temperature as temperature exceeded 400°C. Results from the mercury intrusion test and NMR measurement showed that the pore size and pore volume both decreased for granite after being treated at 300°C, which indicated that pores closured around 300°C for Beishan granite. From 400°C upward, the pore size and volume gradually increased with temperature. Based on the relationship of measured T2 data from NMR with Pc curves from mercury intrusion measurement, the synthesized Pc curves was constructed using NMR-measured data of thermally treated Beishan granite. The fractal dimension of pore structure was studied based on pore size distribution from NMR data. Consistent with the evolution of permeability, the fractal dimension decreased for granite after treatment at 300°C, then increased with temperature from 300°C to 700°C. Because the fractal dimension of thermally treated granite is effective in characterizing the variation of pore structures, a semiempirical formula is proposed to predict the permeability using the fractal dimension and porosity.
The next generation of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
Authors: Brabander Tessa , Nonnekens Julie , Hofland Johannes
Published: June 2019

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-[Tyr3]octreotate has been successfully developed in the last decades for the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms. However, different methods to improve the objective response rate and survival are under investigation. This includes changes of the radioligand, dosimetry and combination therapy with different agents, such as radiosensitisers. Hofving et al. recently reported, in the April 2019 issue of Endocrine-Related Cancer, the use of heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) modulation to augment radiation effects as a new promising target for radiosensitisation. In this commentary, new developments in the field of PRRT are discussed, placing these new findings about Hsp90 inhibitors into context.
A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans Out of Africa
Authors: Haber Marc , Jones Abigail L , Connell Bruce A , Asan  , Arciero Elena , Yang Huanming , Thomas Mark G , Xue Yali , Tyler-Smith Chris
Published: June 2019

Humans expanded out of Africa 50,000-70,000 years ago, but many details of this migration are poorly understood. Here, Haber et al. sequence Y chromosomes belonging to a rare African lineage and analyze...

Present-day humans outside Africa descend mainly from a single expansion out ∼50,000–70,000 years ago, but many details of this expansion remain unclear, including the history of the male-specific Y chromosome at this time. Here, we reinvestigate a rare deep-rooting African Y-chromosomal lineage by sequencing the whole genomes of three Nigerian men described in 2003 as carrying haplogroup DE* Y chromosomes, and analyzing them in the context of a calibrated worldwide Y-chromosomal phylogeny. We confirm that these three chromosomes do represent a deep-rooting DE lineage, branching close to the DE bifurcation, but place them on the D branch as an outgroup to all other known D chromosomes, and designate the new lineage D0. We consider three models for the expansion of Y lineages out of Africa ∼50,000–100,000 years ago, incorporating migration back to Africa where necessary to explain present-day Y-lineage distributions. Considering both the Y-chromosomal phylogenetic structure incorporating the D0 lineage, and published evidence for modern humans outside Africa, the most favored model involves an origin of the DE lineage within Africa with D0 and E remaining there, and migration out of the three lineages (C, D, and FT) that now form the vast majority of non-African Y chromosomes. The exit took place 50,300–81,000 years ago (latest date for FT lineage expansion outside Africa – earliest date for the D/D0 lineage split inside Africa), and most likely 50,300–59,400 years ago (considering Neanderthal admixture). This work resolves a long-running debate about Y-chromosomal out-of-Africa/back-to-Africa migrations, and provides insights into the out-of-Africa expansion more generally.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in HIV patients of Arba Minch province, Ethiopia: Carriage rates, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation
Authors: Manilal Aseer , Shewangizaw Misgun , Mama Mohammedaman , Gezmu Tigist , Merdekios Behailu
Published: June 2019

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a significant opportunistic pathogen among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients of Ethiopia. This study aimed at delineating the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm-forming potentials of nasally colonized MRSA among HIV patients in the Arba Minch province of Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was performed in HIV patients who visit anti-retroviral therapy clinic of the Arba Minch Hospital between February and April 2017. Nasal samples were collected and inspected for Staphylococcus following standard procedures. MRSA was identified using cefoxitin disk and antibiotics sensitivity test was performed as per Kirby–Baur disk diffusion method. The formation of biofilm was inspected using both qualitative and quantitative methods. A total of 307 HIV patients were examined. The overall prevalence of S. aureus was found to be 39.7%. The prevalence of MRSA was 20.8%. The rate of nasal colonization of MRSA was relatively higher among females. In bivariate analysis, MRSA colonization was statistically significant in patients with CD4 count ≤350 (p value = 0.002) and co-trimoxazole prophylaxis (p value = 0.003). Concomitant resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, and co-trimoxazole were 48.4%, 45.3%, and 39.0%, respectively. Invariably, all MRSA isolates were 100% sensitive to vancomycin. Of the 64 MRSA isolates, 18.7% were considered as multidrug-resistant. The rate of biofilm formation was 34.3%. The results revealed a high prevalence rate in the nasal colonization of MRSA in HIV patients.
Effect of Water Temperature to Survival and Development of Larvae of Two Local Aedes Aegypti Strains
Authors: Putra Ramadhani Eka , Trinuroni Gunadi
Published: June 2019

Global warming has been reported in last decades. Chang-es in average Earth’s temperature may affect the physiology of many insect species, especially the ones which act as a human disease vec-tor, like Aedes aegypti. In this study, the effect of increasing water temperature on physiological components related to development period, sex ratio, and body size of two distinctively strains, VCRU (Vector Control Research Unit) and Pangandaran. Thirty larvae of each strain kept inside distilled water with the temperature of 25°C, 27°C, 30°C, 33°C, 35°C, 40°C which replicated three times. Observa-tions were conducted until all larvae metamorphed into adults or all larvae dead. Development rate and time were analyzed by frequency dependent mean. The result showed that the optimum temperature for larvae development of VCRU strain was 27-30°C with a survival rate of 84% while it was 30°C for Pangandaran strain, with the surviv-al rate of 83%. Larvae of both strains showed 100% mortality rate when kept inside a container with water temperature exceed 33°C. Both strains showed the highest and the lowest male:female ratio at similar water temperature which were 33°C and 30°C, respec-tivelly. Highest and lowest ratio of VCRU was 1.25 and 0.6, respec-tively, while it was 1.4 and 0.6 for Pangandaran. In general, larvae lived in increasing water temperature showed reducing wing width.
The Role of Endothelial Microparticle in Coronary Heart Disease as The Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Elfi Eka Fithra , Ilhami Yose Ramda , Darwin Eryati
Published: June 2019

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by obstruction of coronary blood flow due to endothelial dysfunction triggered by various genetic and non-genetic risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia and obesity. Endothelial cell activation due to hyperglycaemia in diabetes mellitus induces production of pro-inflammatory factors that damage the cell membrane triggering the formation of membrane particles called microparticles. Endothe-lial microparticles contain proteins including endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) which plays a role in the production of nitric oxide (NO). To determine the role of microparticles in the occurrence of coro-nary heart disease in diabetes mellitus due to endothelial dysfunction, a study was conducted by comparing the levels of eNOS and NO in DM patients who had CHD with DM patients who had no CHD. Blood samples from 20 DM patients who had CHD and 20 DM patients who had no CHD of the outpatients in Cardiology Department and Inter-nal Medicine department of regional public hospital were included in this study. All patients were fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria and diagnosed by the appropriate specialist. The eNOS and NO lev-els were measured using the ELISA method. The results of this study show that eNOS levels in the group of DM patients who had CHD (21,292±12,415 ng/ml) were significantly lower (p <0.05) than those in the group of DM patients who had no CHD (29,721±11,952 ng/ml). Nitric oxide levels in DM patients who had CHD (0,053±0,021 nmol/ μl) were not statistically different to the levels in DM patients who had no CHD (0,047±0,032 nmol/μl). From the results of this study we concluded that endothelial microparticle protein eNOS plays a role in the occurrence of CHD due to the complications of diabetes mellitus
A Brief Guide to Evaluate Replications
Authors: LeBel Etienne Philippe , Vanpaemel Wolf , Cheung Irene , Campbell Lorne
Published: June 2019

The importance of replication is becoming increasingly appreciated, however, considerably less consensus exists about how to evaluate the design and results of replications. We make concrete recommendations on how to evaluate replications with more nuance than what is typically done currently in the literature. We highlight six study characteristics that are crucial for evaluating replications: replication method similarity, replication differences, investigator independence, method/data transparency, analytic result reproducibility, and auxiliary hypotheses’ plausibility evidence. We also recommend a more nuanced approach to statistically interpret replication results at the individual-study and meta-analytic levels, and propose clearer language to communicate replication results.
Türk - Tatar Milleti
Authors: BİGİYEV Musa Carullah
Published: June 2019

Bu makale, Türk – Tatar âlimlerinden Musa Carullah
tarafından kaleme alınmış olup 1941 yılında Japonya’da “Kaikyō Sekai” (İslȃm
Dünyası) isimli dergide Japonca olarak yayımlanmıştır. Carullah, bu çalışmasında ilk olarak o dönem Sovyetler
Birliği sınırları içinde yaşayan Türk nüfusunun temellerini ayrıntılı bir
şekilde anlatmış, onların XX. yüzyılın başlarında izledikleri siyaseti dile
getirmiştir. Bunun yanında, Kazan Hanlığı ve Türkistan Hanlığı’nın Rusya
tarafından işgali ve bu bölgelerdeki Türklerin yaşadıkları sorunlar
anlatılmıştır.

Carullah, XX. Yüzyılın ilk yarısında Rusya Türkleri’nin
özgürlüğü için yoğun çabalar gösterilmiş olsa da, ihtiyaç duyulan birliğin
sağlanamaması ve Rusya’nın uyguladığı sert politika neticesinde başarılı
olunamadığını ifade etmektedir.

Son olarak Carullah, Biz
Türklerde hem özgür insanlar, hem gerçek Müslümanlar olarak, hem de Türk
gücünün sahipleri olarak Bolşeviklerin tuzaklarına düşecek hastaların
kesinlikle bulunmaması gerekmektedir diyerek çalışmasını noktalamaktadır.
Electrophoretic deposition of collagen-reinforced HA/CTS biocomposite coatings
Authors: Tozar Ali , Karahan İsmail Hakkı
Published: June 2019

In this study, the biomimetic approach described as reverse engineering by trying to copy the excellent concepts of nature and taking nature as a model has been used. In order to mimic the structure of natural bone, hydroxyapatite (HA), chitosan (CTS) and collagen have been combined as a novel type of biocomposite coating. HA/CTS/collagen biocomposite coatings have been successfully electrophoretically deposited on Ti6Al4V biomedical implants. A novel type of a polyelectrolyte consisting of ethanol, water and isopropyl alcohol has been used for the electrophoretic deposition process. The effect of collagen concentration on the structural and corrosion protection performance of the biocomposite coatings has been investigated by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization (Tafel extrapolation) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The electrophoretically deposited HA/CTS/collagen biocomposite coatings have exhibited corrosion protection against simulated physiological body fluid up to five times better than that of bare Ti6Al4V alloy.
Grain-boundary corrosion of nickel-based alloy by synchrotron radiation technology
Authors: Luo Mi , Liang Zhaofeng , Jia Yanyan , Ye Xiang-Xi , Yan Shuai , Xia Xinhui , Wang Lihua , Li Zhijun , Jiang Zheng
Published: June 2019

The spatial distribution and chemical speciation of tellurium (Te) at the grain boundary (GB) of nickel (Ni)-based alloys are crucial for investigating the tellurium corrosion mechanism. In this work, corrosion products along GBs were investigated by synchrotron-radiation-based microprobe techniques, including micro-X-ray fluorescence, micro-X-ray diffraction and micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (μ-XANES), for the first time. A gradually decreasing tendency in the concentration of tellurium from the GB area into the grains was identified, together with the presence of GB corrosion products in the form of nickel telluride (Ni3Te2), as well as nickel–tellurium solid solution. Moreover, both the µ-XANES results and density functional theory results confirmed that the impurity tellurium atoms in the nickel–tellurium solid solution tend to bond with their neighboring nickel atoms through weak covalent interactions, due to the hybrid state of tellurium 2p–nickel 4s. Such an unstable antibonding character from the nickel–tellurium combination is believed to play a key role in weakening the structural stability of nickel-based alloys. The efficient analysis of the tellurium corrosion mechanism based on these feasible synchrotron radiation characterizations will inspire more pertinent experimental investigations.
AKADEMİDE TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET: SOSYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ ÖRNEKLEMİ
Authors: ÇİÇEKLİ Aylin
Published: June 2019

Türkiye’de
son dönemlerde kadın akademisyen sayısında gözle görülür artış olmasına rağmen,
eril iktidarın daha üst pozisyonlarda ve karar mekanizmalarında daha çok yer alması
toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin kesintisiz devam ettiğinin göstergesidir. Türkiye’deki
kadın akademisyen oranının pek çok Avrupa ülkesindeki hemcinslerinden yüksek
olmasına rağmen kadınların yönetim ve idari mekanizmalarda ve yüksek akademik
kariyer basamaklarında temsiliyetleriyle paralellik göstermemektedir. Bu
araştırmada kız öğrenci sayısı erkek öğrencilere oranla oldukça yüksek olan
Türkiye’deki tüm sosyoloji bölümleri ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca amaç, toplumsal
cinsiyet çalışmalarını diğer bilim dallarından daha ağırlıklı olarak ele alan
sosyoloji bölümlerinin kadın akademisyenler konusunda içine düştükleri
handikabı ortaya koymaktır. 1914’te ilk resmi kürsüsüne kavuşan sosyoloji
bölümü, 2016 yılı itibariyle 90 devlet ve vakıf üniversitesinde aktif olarak
bilime katkı sunmaktadır. Sosyoloji bölümlerinde görev yapan toplam 946
akademik personele ait profiller üniversitelerin web siteleri ve YÖK Arama
Motorundan ulaşılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programı ile
analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır.
Türkiye’deki sahilçamı ağaçlandırmalarında ağaç bileşenlerine ait karbon yoğunluklarının değişimi
Authors: GÜNER Şükrü Teoman , ÖZEL Cezmi , TÜRKKAN Mehmet , AKGÜL Selda
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki sahil çamı (Pinus pinaster Ait.) ağaçlandırmalarında ağaç bileşenlerinin karbon oranlarını, toprak üstü ve toplam ağaç kütlesine ait ağırlıklı karbon oranlarını ve ağırlıklı karbon oranı ile yetişme ortamı özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Örneklemeler ağaçlık çağında bulunan, yetişme ortamı özellikleri ve meşcere gelişimi bakımından farklılık gösteren toplam 69 alanda yapılmıştır. Örnekleme alanlarının yetişme ortamı özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra her örnekleme alanında meşcere üst boyunda bulunan bir ağaç kesilmiş ve kesilen ağaçtan ibre, dal, odun, kabuk ve kök örnekleri alınmıştır. Laboratuvarda örnekleme alanlarından alınan bitki örneklerinde karbon analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler varyans analizi, Duncan testi ve korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ağaç bileşenlerinin karbon oranları arasında önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur (P<0,001). Karbon yoğunluğu en düşük kökte (%48,8), en yüksek ise kabukta (%53,9) bulunmuştur. Sahil çamı ağaçlandırmaları için ağırlıklı karbon oranı toprak üstü ağaç kütlesi için %51,9, toplam ağaç kütlesi için ise %51,4 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Toplam ağaç kütlesine ait ağırlıklı karbon oranı bakımından coğrafik bölgeler (Marmara ve Karadeniz) arasında önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur (P<0,05).
A review of information resources on antimicrobial resistance genes
Authors: Vinogradova A G , Kuzmenkov A Yu
Published: June 2019

Interest in the issues of antibiotic resistance control and monitoring remains actual during the past decades. A significant number of findings confirm the ever-growing ratio of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. The article describes the information resources including data on antimicrobial resistance genes. Efficient monitoring and timely detection of changes in this trend are possible provided that the large volume of information, including the range of the genes characterizing resistance to chemical compounds and medicines, is obtained. Using purpose-built databases describing the nucleotide and amino acid sequences that define antimicrobial resistance is particularly important. Moreover, the databases include data on point mutations in the genome of the microorganisms associated with antimicrobial resistance development. The first developed databases contained the limited information on genetic determinants of resistance. However, modern databases are more than ever tended to a full range display of information on various genes of resistance to antimicrobial medicines and chemical compounds. The approach provides meaningful data supplemented by graphic imaging of results in most cases. Access to a significant part of resources is free of charge and allows saving the final results that considerably simplifies communicating and improves interaction between researchers. A specific feature is continuous information updating and manual curation that provides better systematization of the available data.
Clinical application of the developed device for wound closure after radical mastectomy
Authors: Vorontsov A Yu , Lukoyanychev E E , Izmaylov S G , Izmaylov A G , Martynov E D
Published: June 2019

Aim. To improve the results of treatment of patients with breast cancer after radical mastectomy through the development and application of a device for wound closure after radical mastectomy, providing favorable conditions for wound healing.

Methods. The proposed device for wound closure after radical mastectomy was used in 42 patients after the mandatory informed consent. A patent for the invention was obtained for the developed device. The study group included patients with indications for performing Madden mastectomy (Halsted, Patey) for breast cancer in the range of stages T1-4N0-1M0. The age of the patients was 57.5±10.4 (m±δ) years. In group 1 (n=21), wound closure after radical mastectomy was performed using the developed device, in group 2 (n=21) - without it.

Results. In the process of working with the developed device, the following positive features were observed. The magnitude of the buckling in the plane of the jaws follows the contour of the thorax in the region of operation of the patient preventing the appearance of the plots of overpressure by the device to the adjacent tissue and ensuring uniformity of traction paravulnar tissues. The complete absence of tissue tension in the area of the suture is the result of the suturing of surgical wounds only after the complete wound edges attachment by means of the device. The above-mentioned factors lead to the formation of point scars in the joints, the absence of extended forms of postoperative scars.

Conclusion. The developed device for wound closure after radical mastectomy performed for breast cancer allows shortening the hospital stay after surgery by 36% (p=0.01) and the deadline for removal of drainage by 31% (p=0.01), reducing the incidence of local necrosis of the flap (p=0.44) compared to traditional suturing of the wounds.
Experience of the use of bronchophonography in the diagnosis of hyperventilation syndrome
Authors: Magomedova K A , Guseynov A A , Chamsutdinov N U
Published: June 2019

Aim. To study the capability of applying the method of acoustic analysis of respiration (bronchophonography) in the diagnosis of hyperventilation syndrome and mild bronchial asthma and in differential diagnosis between them.

Methods. 97 subjects were examined (35 men and 62 women, average age 36.4±13.4 years), divided into the groups: control (healthy subjects) - 38 subjects (18 men and 20 women, average age 33.6±14.0 years), patients with mild bronchial asthma - 37 subjects (12 men and 25 women, average age 40.7±13.7 years), patients with hyperventilation syndrome - 22 subjects (5 men and 17 women, average age 35.0±12.6 years). All patients, except for general clinical examination, underwent spirometry, bronchophonography and Nijmegen questionnaire.

Results. Acoustic breathing patterns of all groups were formed, spirometric and bronchophonographic indicators were analyzed. Bronchophonography revealed significant intergroup differences in different frequency ranges in groups of patients with bronchial asthma and hyperventilation syndrome as well as the absence of those between healthy individuals and patients with hyperventilation syndrome. At the same time, the data of spirometry did not allow differentiation of mild bronchial asthma and hyperventilation syndrome and in most cases did not differ from those of healthy individuals.

Conclusion. Spirometry cannot serve as a reliable diagnostic criterion in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hyperventilation syndrome and mild bronchial asthma; differences in acoustic indices of respiration in bronchophonography allow such differentiation.
Filozofia wolności Barucha Spinozy w kontekście interpretacji kompatybilistycznej
Authors: Rojek Krzysztof
Published: June 2019

W artykule podjęto próbę ukazania filozoficznych zależności idei wolności w filozofii Barucha Spinozy w kontekście współcześnie rozwijanej idei kompatybilizmu i wybranych argumentów stosowanych przez kompatybilistów oraz libertariańskiego rozumienia wolnej woli. Celem było ukazanie możliwości interpretacji filozofii wolności Spinozy z perspektywy kompatybilizmu oraz wskazanie powodów, dla których takie porównanie jest dyskusyjne. Przedstawiona w opracowaniu analiza problemowa ma również skłaniać do podjęcia namysłu nad tym, czy w trwającym renesansie obejmującym problem istnienia wolnej woli w kontekście determinizmu można odnaleźć miejsce dla klasycznych prób rozwiązań problemu, jakie niewątpliwie stanowi panteistyczna filozofia Spinozy.
Screening for diabetes using Indian diabetic risk score in the field practice area of tertiary care hospital, Maharashtra
Authors: Ashturkar Madhura D. , Kshirsagar Maya V. , Majumdar Ratna T. , Dandekar Ashlesha A.
Published: June 2019

Background: Globally, people living with diabetes were estimated to be 422 million in year 2014. In India, an estimated 7.8% have diabetes. Early detection and prompt treatment for diabetes is key to achieve sustained control and prevent complications. The Indian diabetic risk score (IDRS) is one of simple screening tool to find the risk for diabetes in the community of filed practice area of teaching hospital.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in urban and rural field practice area during the period of 1st January to 30th September 2018. As per global health report on diabetes, World Health Organization 2016, prevalence of diabetes in India was found to be 7.8%. Considering allowable error as 20% sample size was 1183 which was rounded up to 1200 with 600 each in urban and rural field practice area. The data was collected with bio- data and IDRS questionnaire which includes age, physical exercise, waist circumference and family history of diabetes.Results: Total 1200 Study participants were included in the study. It was observed that 821 (68.41%) were female participants and 379 (31.59%) were male participants. High risk for diabetes was observed in 329 (27.42%) participants. Among the high-risk participants, 194 (58.96%) were from the urban area and 135 (41.04%) were from the rural area. The association between increasing BMI with high IDRS was observed and found statistically significant. High blood pressure was observed among the participants having high IDRS and findings were statistically significant.Conclusions: This simplified IDRS is cost-effective tool to screen the community on large scale.
Een niet herdachte Vondel bedacht
Authors: Poelhekke J.J.
Published: June 2019

S.F. Witstein, E.K. Grootes, Visies op Vondel na 300 jaar
De geschiedenis van een vriendschap
Authors: Kossmann E.H.
Published: June 2019

P. van Hees, G. Puchinger, Briefwisseling Gerretson-Geyl, I-V
Problemen bij de sociaal-economische geschiedenis van het Vlaamse platteland, 1700-1850
Authors: Aerts E. , Delbeke J.
Published: June 2019

Chr. Vandenbroeke, Sociale geschiedenis van het Vlaamse volk
Retificador PFC Monofásico Bridgeless Baseado em Interruptores GaN HEMT Empregando Estratégia de Modulação Pwm de Alta Resolução Implementada em FPGA
Authors: Lohn Murilo K. , Carvalho André S. de , Arbugeri José A. , Jappe Tiago K. , Mussa Samir A.
Published: June 2019

Interruptores de potência baseados em materiais do tipo wide bandgap propiciam o uso de elevada frequência de comutação sem aumento significativo das perdas do conversor. O artigo propõe a validação experimental de um retificador boost bridgeless com correção ativa do fator de potência, empregando interruptores de Nitreto de Gálio e utilizando um modulador de alta resolução. O protótipo, com uso de 500 kHz na frequência de comutação, é validado com tensão de suprimento em 127 V e 60 Hz, acionando uma carga passiva de 915 W com tensão média de 220 V. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a funcionalidade do conversor estático operando com 96% de rendimento em plena carga, assim como a operação da estratégia de modulação PWM de alta resolução e de controle digital implementadas em FPGA.
Agroecology as a parameter of environmental challenges
Authors: Bessa Marcio Moacir , Ventura Matheus Vinicius Abadia , Oliveira Marcia Rodrigues de , Costa Estevam Matheus
Published: June 2019

Agriculture is a complex activity, involving not only food production and technological factors, an endowment of natural resources and capital impulses, but also a series of processes associated with the effects it produces on society and ecosystems. This article presents an idea that agroecology is an environmental science, a definition of agroecosystem, an example of agroecology and discursive derivation of political and social nature that inspires this science, examining some fields of autonomous analysis and articulation with other disciplines and areas of the knowledge. Finally, interdisciplinary, agroecological and methodological school meanings are explored in ecology, culture, and environmental purposes and as an object of study of agroecology and derivation of political discourse and social health.