bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Roles, Sentiments, and Discourse of European Interest Groups in the Ukrainian War through X (Twitter)
Authors: Gorostiza-Cerviño Aritz , Serna-Ortega Álvaro , Moreno-Cabanillas Andrea , Almansa-Martínez Ana , Castillo-Esparcia Antonio
Published: June 2024

This research focuses on examining the responses of interest groups listed in the European Transparency Register to the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war. Its aim is to investigate the nuanced reactions of 2,579 commercial and business associations and 2,957 companies and groups to the conflict, as expressed through their X (Twitter) activities. Utilizing advanced text mining, NLP and LDA techniques, this study conducts a comprehensive analysis encompassing language dynamics, thematic shifts, sentiment variations, and activity levels exhibited by these entities both before and after the outbreak of the war. The results obtained reflect a progressive decreasing in negative emotions regarding the conflict over time. Likewise, multiple forms of outside lobbying are identified in the communication strategies of interest groups. All in all, this empirical inquiry into how interest groups adapt their messaging in response to complex geopolitical events holds the potential to provide invaluable insights into the multifaceted role of lobbying in shaping public policies.
Vitis rotundifolia Genes Introgressed with RUN1 and RPV1: Poor Recombination and Impact on v. vinifera Berry Transcriptome
Authors: SHI Mengyao , Savoi Stefania , Sarah Gautier , Soriano Alexandre , Weber Audrey , Torregrosa Laurent , Romieu Charles
Published: June 2024

Thanks to several Vitis vinifera backcrosses with an initial V. vinifera L. × V. rotundifolia (previously Muscadinia rotundifolia) interspecific cross, the MrRUN1/MrRPV1 locus (resistance to downy and powdery mildews) was introgressed in genotypes phenotypically close to V. vinifera varieties. To check the consequences of introgressing parts of the V. rotundifolia genome on gene expression during fruit development, we conducted a comparative RNA-seq study on single berries from different V. vinifera cultivars and V. vinifera × V. rotundifolia hybrids, including ‘G5’ and two derivative microvine lines, ‘MV102’ (resistant) and ‘MV32’ (susceptible) segregating for the MrRUN1/RPV1 locus. RNA-Seq profiles were analyzed on a comprehensive set of single berries from the end of the herbaceous plateau to the ripe stage. Pair-end reads were aligned both on V. vinifera PN40024.v4 reference genome, V. rotundifolia cv ‘Trayshed’ and cv ‘Carlos’, and to the few resistance genes from the original V. rotundifolia cv ‘52’ parent available at NCBI. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) led to classifying the differentially expressed genes into 15 modules either preferentially correlated with resistance or berry phenology and composition. Resistance positively correlated transcripts predominantly mapped on the 4-5 Mb distal region of V. rotundifolia chromosome 12 beginning with the MrRUN1/MrRPV1 locus, while the negatively correlated ones mapped on the orthologous V. vinifera region, showing this large extremity of LG12 remained recalcitrant to internal recombination during the successive backcrosses. Some constitutively expressed V. rotundifolia genes were also observed at lower density outside this region. Genes overexpressed in developing berries from resistant accessions, either introgressed from V. rotundifolia, or triggered by these in the vinifera genome, spanned various functional groups, encompassing calcium signal transduction, hormone signaling, transcription factors, plant–pathogen-associated interactions, disease resistance proteins, ROS and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This transcriptomic insight provides a foundation for understanding the disease resistance inherent in these hybrid cultivars and suggests a constitutive expression of NIR NBS LRR triggering calcium signaling. Moreover, these results illustrate the magnitude of transcriptomic changes caused by the introgressed V. rotundifolia background in backcrossed hybrids, on a large number of functions largely exceeding the ones constitutively expressed in single resistant gene transformants.
A Reanalysis of an Italian Study on the Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination Suggests That It Might Have Unintended Effects on Total Mortality
Authors: Alessandria Marco , Malatesta Giovanni , Berrino Franco , Donzelli Alberto
Published: June 2024

Immortal-time bias (ITB) is known to be common in cohort studies and distorts the association estimates between treated and untreated groups. We used data from the last of two large studies in an Italian province on COVID-19 vaccines safety and effectiveness incurred this bias, and aligned the entire population on a single index date, to correct the ITB. We considered the "all-cause deaths" outcome to compare the survival curves between the unvaccinated group and the various vaccination statuses. The all-cause deaths Hazard Ratios in univariate analysis for unvaccinated (reference) versus vaccinated with 1, 2, 3/4 doses were 0.88 (CI95: 0.78 –1.00; p-value 0.044), 1.23 (1.16–1.32; p-value ≤0.001) and 1.21 (1.14–1.29; p-value ≤0.001), respectively. The multivariate values were 2.40 (2.00–2.88; p-value <0.0001), 1.98 (1.75–2.24; p-value <0.0001), 0.99 (0.90–1.09; ns). The possible explanations of the trend of the Hazard Ratios as vaccinations increase could be a harvesting effect; a calendar-time bias, accounting for seasonality and pandemic waves; a case-counting windows bias; a healthy-vaccinee bias; or some their combination. With two and even with 3/4 doses the calculated Restricted Mean Survival Time and Restricted Mean Time Lost have shown a small but significant downside for the vaccinated populations.
Laser-Assisted versus Open Cordectomy for Early Glottic Cancer
Authors: Langer Christine , Glatt Florian , Wagner Steffen , Knitschke Michael , Sharma Shachi Jenny , Wittekindt Claus
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Early glottic cancer is a highly curable malignancy. Disease control is achieved by resec-tion or external beam radiation with similar long-term results according survival. Surgery is predominantly performed by transoral endoscopic approach, due to reduced complication rates when compared to open cordectomy. Open cordectomy might still be warranted in cases of inad-equate surgical accessibility. Aim of the present study was to compare endoscopic versus open approach in relation to complications and outcome in an up-to-date patient group. Methods: 219 patients underwent primary tumor resection in early glottic cancer (UICC stages I-II). 168 opera-tions were performed endoscopically, 51 operations were open transcervical cordectomies. We compared survival data with non-parametric methods and functional outcome according to need of tracheostomy, feeding tube and voice functional outcome following ELS protocol. Results: There were no significant differences in overall survival (OS). 2 years OS after endoscopic surgery was 90.5% vs 95.3% after transcervical resection. As expected, OS in T1b and T2 tumors was worse than in T1a tumors. We found a statistically significant difference in disease free survival (DFS) within the T1a and T1b/T2 group (Log rank test: p=0.006) but no relevant difference be-tween the two surgical modalities, even when the data was stratified by T-categories performing a Cox regression (hazard ratio 1.21, p=0.712). Patients who underwent open surgery had a sig-nificantly worse peri- and postoperative course with longer hospital stay, higher frequency of tracheotomies and longer need for nasogastric tubes. Functional results were comparable within the two patient groups while higher tumor size / stage was an unfavorable predictor for voice re-habilitation. Conclusion: Open cordectomy leads to more complications but offers comparable oncological and functional outcome when compared to transoral endoscopic approach in early glottic cancer. Open surgery therefore continues to be a valid treatment option when endoscopic resection is not possible.
Physics-Informed Online Learning for Temperature Prediction in Metal AM
Authors: Sajadi Pouyan , Rahmani Dehaghani Mostafa , Tang Yifan , Wang G. Gary
Published: June 2024

In metal additive manufacturing (AM), precise temperature field prediction is crucial for process monitoring, automation, control, and optimization. Traditional methods, primarily offline and data-driven, struggle with adapting to real-time changes and new process scenarios, which limits their applicability for effective AM process control. To address these challenges, this paper introduces the first physics-informed (PI) online learning framework specifically designed for temperature prediction in metal AM. Utilizing a physics-informed neural network (PINN), this framework integrates a neural network architecture with physics-informed inputs and loss functions.

Pretrained on a known process to establish a baseline, the PINN transitions to an online learning phase, dynamically updating its weights in response to new, unseen data. This adaptation allows the model to continuously refine its predictions in real-time. By integrating physics-informed components, the PINN leverages prior knowledge about the manufacturing processes, enabling rapid adjustments to process parameters, geometries, deposition patterns, and materials.

Empirical results confirm the robust performance of this PI online learning framework in accurately predicting temperature fields for unseen processes across various conditions. It notably surpasses traditional data-driven models, especially in critical areas like the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) and melt pool. The PINN’s use of physical laws and prior knowledge not only provides a significant advantage over conventional models but also ensures more accurate predictions under diverse conditions. Furthermore, our analysis of key hyper-parameters—learning rate and batch size of the online learning phase—highlights their roles in optimizing the learning process and enhancing the framework’s overall effectiveness. This approach demonstrates significant potential to improve the online control and optimization of metal AM processes.
Metabolic reprogramming as the basis for sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors cardio- and nephroprotective effect
Authors: Kurochkina O N. , Korotkov D. A. , Sazhina A. S. , Bogomolov A N.
Published: June 2024

In recent years, it has been shown that sodium-g lucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2), drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment, significantly improve metabolic parameters and have protective effect on the kidneys and heart not only in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. New research indicates that the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves metabolic reprogramming, which consists of a deterioration in energy metabolism in the heart as a result of a mismatch between glucose uptake and its oxidation, leading to the accumulation of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), glycogen and activation of the pentose phosphate pathway. This nutrient excess activates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), thereby promoting pathological myocardial remodeling, and at the same time suppresses the nutrient deficiency sensors SIRT1, AMPK and PGC-1α, which is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress and decreased fatty acid oxidation. Similar processes occur in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys in CKD, leading to renal dysfunction, albuminuria, and interstitial fibrosis. SGLT2 inhibitors inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal tubule, which leads to increased urinary glucose excretion and moderate osmotic diuresis and natriuresis. Nutrient deficiency resulting from glucose excretion promotes the activation of AMPK, which is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis by stimulating PGC-1α, stimulates catabolic metabolism and activates autophagy by inhibiting mTORC1, which is accompanied by antiinflammatory effects, reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis and increased autophagy. These processes are accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure and a decrease in the load on the myocardium, with a simultaneous decrease in the tone of the sympathetic nervous system. Taking SGLT2 inhibitors is accompanied by normalization of tubuloglomerular feedback and a decrease in hyperfiltration, which has a beneficial effect on glomerular hemodynamics, as well as stimulation of erythropoiesis as a result of simulating systemic hypoxia. The described processes may serve as the basis for the cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Maximizing Motorcycle Power and Torque with Roller Modifications
Authors: Efendi Muchammad , Firdaus Rachmat
Published: June 2024

In the automotive world, rapid advancements in motorized vehicle technology necessitate consumers to be selective in vehicle choice. This study examines the performance of motorcycles using modified racing rollers versus standard factory rollers. Focusing on a 150cc matic motorcycle, we analyzed power and torque outputs using rollers of different masses (11g, 16g, and standard 15.5g). Field studies and literature reviews were conducted, employing tools like dynotests to measure performance at RPM ranges from 4,700 to 9,500. Results indicate that the 16g roller achieved the highest torque of 12.45 N/m at 6,800 RPM, while the 11g roller attained 12.09 N/m at 67,300 RPM. The standard 15.5g roller reached 12.07 N/m at 76,400 RPM. This research highlights the impact of roller mass on motorcycle performance, providing valuable insights for enhancing vehicle efficiency and consumer choice.
Highlight:
 

16g roller achieves highest torque of 12.45 N/m at 6,800 RPM.
11g roller reaches torque of 12.09 N/m at 67,300 RPM.
Standard 15.5g roller attains 12.07 N/m at 76,400 RPM.

 
Keywoard: Motorcycle Performance, Racing Rollers, Torque, Power Output, 150cc Matic
Chronic kidney disease leads to microglial potassium efflux and inflammasome activation in the brain
Authors: zimmermann silke , Mathew Akash , Bondareva Olga , Elwakiel Ahmed , Waldmann Klarina , Jiang Shihai , Rana Rajiv , Singh Kunal , Kohli Shrey , Shahzad Khurrum , Biemann Ronald , Roskoden Thomas , Storsberg Silke , Mawrin Christian , Krügel Ute , Bechmann Ingo , Goldschmidt Jürgen , Sheikh Bilal , Isermann Berend
Published: June 2024

Cognitive impairment is common in peripheral diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kidney transplantation reverses cognitive impairment, indicating that cognitive impairment driven by CKD is therapeutically amendable. Yet, we lack mechanistic insights allowing targeted therapies. Using a combination of mouse models (including mice with neuron-specific IL-1R1 deficiency), single cell analyses (single nuclei RNA sequencing and single cell thallium automethallography), human samples and in vitro experiments we demonstrate that microglia activation impairs neuronal potassium homeostasis and impairs cognition in CKD. CKD conditions disrupt the barrier of brain endothelial cells in vitro and the blood-brain barrier in vivo, establishing that brain cells are exposed to uremic conditions. Exposure to uremic conditions impairs calcium homeostasis in microglia, enhances microglial potassium (K+) efflux via the calcium-dependent channel KCa3.1, and induces p38-MAPK associated IL-1β maturation in microglia. Restoring K+ homeostasis in microglia using a KCa3.1-specific inhibitor (TRAM34) improves CKD-triggered cognitive impairment. Likewise, inhibition of the IL-1β receptor 1 (IL-1R1) using anakinra or genetically abolishing neuronal IL-1R1 expression in neurons prevent CKD-mediated reduced neuronal potassium turnover and CKD-induced impaired cognition. Thus, in CKD mice impaired cognition can be ameliorated by either preventing microglia activation or inhibiting IL-1R-signaling in neurons. These data suggest that potassium efflux from microglia triggers their activation, which promotes microglia IL-1β release and IL-1R1-mediated neuronal dysfunction in CKD. This study provides new mechanistic insight into cognitive impairment in association with CKD and identifies possible new therapeutic approaches.
Free-text Keystroke Authentication using Transformers: A Comparative Study of Architectures and Loss Functions
Authors: Momeni Saleh , babaali bagher
Published: June 2024

Keystroke biometrics is a promising approach for user identification and verification, leveraging the unique patterns in individuals’ typing behavior. In this paper, we propose a Transformer-based network that employs self-attention to extract informative features from keystroke sequences, surpassing the performance of traditional Recurrent Neural Networks. We explore two distinct architectures, namely bi-encoder and cross-encoder, and compare their effectiveness in keystroke authentication. Furthermore, we investigate different loss functions, including triplet, batch-all triplet, and WDCL loss, along with various distance metrics such as Euclidean, Manhattan, and cosine distances. These experiments allow us to optimize the training process and enhance the performance of our model. To evaluate our proposed model, we employ the Aalto desktop keystroke dataset. The results demonstrate that the bi-encoder architecture with batch-all triplet loss and cosine distance achieves the best performance, yielding an exceptional Equal Error Rate of 0.0186%. Furthermore, alternative algorithms for calculating similarity scores are explored to enhance accuracy. Notably, the utilization of a one-class Support Vector Machine reduces the Equal Error Rate to an impressive 0.0163%. The outcomes of this study indicate that our model surpasses the previous state-of-the-art in free-text keystroke authentication. These findings contribute to advancing the field of keystroke authentication and offer practical implications for secure user verification systems.
A co-adapted community-based participatory group programme for parents/carers of children with complex neurodisability (ENCOMPASS-2): A pilot and feasibility study protocol
Authors: Prest Kirsten , Harden Angela , Barnicot Kirsten , Heys Michelle
Published: June 2024

Background
Parents/carers of children with complex neurodisability continue to lack appropriate family-centred care. “Encompass” is a community-based group programme that was co-adapted from “Baby Ubuntu” in Uganda. It is an example of a ‘decolonised healthcare innovation’ as it is a low-cost solution from a low-income country for use in a resource-constrained UK National Health Service (NHS).
Methods and analysis
We will conduct a mixed methods pilot feasibility study to determine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering and evaluating “Encompass” with parents/carers of children under 5 years with complex neurodisability in the UK. We aim to recruit 20 parents/carers of children from two NHS trusts in England serving urban areas where there is high social deprivation and ethnic diversity. Recruited parents/carers will attend the 10-modular, participatory group programme over a 6-month period. Groups will be facilitated by a trained allied health professional and an ‘expert parent’ with lived experience. The primary outcomes of interest are the feasibility of delivering and evaluating the programme (recruitment, retention rates, acceptability as perceived by the parents/carers, facilitators and wider key stakeholders), intervention fidelity and participant adherence. Results will be collectively assessed against traffic light criteria. Pre-, post- and follow-up data collection questionnaires will include the Family Empowerment Scale (FES), the Power Ladder Question, the Parent Patient Activation Measure (P-PAM), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), EuroQoL-5D-5-level (EQ-5D-5L) and parent/carer greatest needs and goals questionnaire. Post-intervention semi-structured interviews will be conducted with parents/carers, facilitators and key stakeholders within the NHS.
Discussion
Providing family-centred support through a community-based participatory group programme is a potentially affordable and sustainable way for the NHS to improve a range of outcomes for parents/carers of children with complex neurodisability including knowledge, skills and confidence, wellbeing and quality of life of. The programme also provides opportunities for peer support and aims to empower parents/carers in navigating community health systems.
Registration:
The protocol is currently under PRS review on clinical trials.gov
Ethical approval: Health Research Authority ref 23/EM/0213
Protocol V3.0, 6 March 2024
Risk Assessment and Prioritization using Fuzzy FMECA: A Case Study of Dumper Breakdowns
Authors: Kumar M Pradeep , Raju N.V.S. , Kumar M.V. Satish , GUPTA GAJANAND
Published: June 2024

The production and supply of coal are always prominent issues for thermal power plants due to the high demand for electricity generation. The dump trucks used in open-pit mining serve as a medium to transport the coal. Interrupted services of dump trucks due to breakdown can lead to delayed and incorrect supply to the generating units. To improve the productivity and for the proper delivery of the coal, the downtime should be minimized and the reliability should be maximized. FMECA is one of the prominent reliability modelling techniques that prevent occurrence of sudden failures. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional FMECA, fuzzy rule based approach is proposed in this paper to mitigate the failures in dumpers. Fuzzy FMECA helps in resolving the uncertainty and ambiguity in traditional FMECA approach and can work in a better way even using insufficient information when compared with traditional FMECA.
Post-treatment health interventions for adult cancer survivors and their family: An integrated review
Authors: Coyne Elisabeth , Dieperink Karin B. , Voltelen Barbara , Barreto Mayckel Silva , Garcia-Vivar Cristina
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This review aimed to aggregate existing literature regarding post-treatment health interventions combined for adult cancer survivors and their families.
Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted including quantitative and qualitative studies. The search was carried out in eight databases using the same terms or MESH terms and inclusion of dates from January 2012 to February 2024. After quality assessment, data were extracted and synthesized. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO.
Results: Among the seven studies included, two studies were randomised controlled trials, three were observational and two utilized a qualitative approach. The studies originated from France, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. In total, 704 participants were included, of which 294 were cancer survivors, 40 were non-cancer patients, 271 were family and caregivers, and 99 were healthcare professionals. The studies assessed survival durations post-cancer treatment, ranging from 18 months to 6 years. The sparse interventions employed across the studies displayed a multi-faceted approach tailored to address various aspects of cancer survivorship and caregiver support.
Conclusion: This review provides insights into the complex landscape of post-treatment support requirements for both cancer survivors and their family caregivers. It underscores the critical necessity for more intervention research in comprehensive, accessible, and support services that address the multifaceted dimensions of survivorship for the patient and family as a unit.
A Predictive Model for Early Recurrence After Radical Hepatectomy in Patients with Early-stage Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Microvascular Invasion
Authors: Zhao Yuan-quan , Li Dan , Deng Xi-wen , Xu Guo-qi , Lin Jie , Zhang Qing-yuan , Zhu Peng , Wu Hua-lin , Wang Xiao-bo , Chen Jie
Published: June 2024

This study aims to develop a nomogram that predicts the risk of early recurrence after R0 hepatectomy in patients with early-stage solitary HCC with MVI. This will help clinicians in postoperative adjuvant therapy (PAT) decisions.A model was established in a primary cohort of 275 patients diagnosed with early-stage solitary HCC with MVI. Three models were established through backward stepwise regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and best subset regression. The best model was used to construct the nomogram. Internal validation of the nomogram was performed via bootstrap resampling. Moreover, the high- and low-risk populations were divided using the nomogram. The effect of PAT on prognosis was separately assessed with disease-free survival (DFS). Model 2 had the smallest Akaike information criterion (333.5) and the largest Harrell C-index (0.768). Unlike the other two models (Model 1 and Model 3), the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) of Model 2 was significantly enhanced (Model 2 vs. Model 1: 7.72%, P < 0.001; Model 2 vs. Model 3: 5.01%, P < 0.001), confirming the suitability of the nomogram obtained by Model 2. Similarly, the nomogram displayed good calibration and excellent clinical benefits and was divided into low- and high-risk groups for early recurrence, with a score of 88.07. Unlike the non-PAT, the PAT prolonged the median DFS in high-risk patients (9.3 vs. 13.5 months), and the DFS was significantly different between the two groups (log-rank test: P = 0.011).In summary, the nomogram developed can effectively predict early recurrence after R0 hepatectomy in patients with early-stage solitary HCC with MVI. Thus, the high-risk patients identified by the nomogram may benefit from the PAT.
Appearance-Related Needs and Challenges Among Cancer Patients Undergoing Systemic Therapy: A Comprehensive Survey Study
Authors: Ono Makiko , Nagasaki Reiko , Nakamura Miho , Hamaguchi Keiko , Yokoi Masumi , Matsuura Nobuko , Utsugi Kuniko , Kataoka Akemi , Takano Toshimi , Watanabe Masayuki
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Recent improvements in cancer prognosis have highlighted the need for patients to balance social interactions with their therapeutic regimens. Central to this balance is managing the physical changes induced by cancer treatments. This study aimed to examine patients’ reactions to these changes and to identify their needs related to appearance care.
Methods
We conducted a survey among 800 patients undergoing systemic therapy to investigate the actual impact of changes and to determine the specific care needs across 45 appearance-related items.
Results
Of the surveyed patients, 202 responded. The median age was 58 years (ranging from 30 to 81), comprising 144 women and 58 men. Hair loss was experienced by 157 (78%) patients, with 109 (70%) of them purchasing wigs. The demand for information and consultation was highest for alopecia, reported by over 60% of respondents, followed by needs related to skin care and wigs. Additionally, 26 items had unmet needs affecting more than 50% of the participants, with 24 of these items pursued by fewer than half of the patients.
Conclusions
The findings underscore the substantial and diverse appearance-related needs among cancer patients, with many experiencing significant unmet needs. These results suggest that comprehensive support systems are essential to address the varied and individualized needs of patients undergoing contemporary cancer treatments.
Construction of the core symptom cluster management program for patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a Delphi study
Authors: Zhang Le , Luo Yuanyuan , Mao Dongmei , Zhu Benxiang , Yang Zhihui , Cui Cui , Miao Jingxia , Zhang Lili
Published: June 2024

Background: In recent years, the incidence of cancer has been on the rise worldwide due to environmental pollution, poor lifestyle habits, and increasing medical diagnoses. In China, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer both rank first among malignant tumors. In the process of cancer diagnosis and treatment, patients with lung cancer experience a serious symptom burden. Inadequate symptom management will aggravate the physical and mental pain of patients, and even delay or interrupt the treatment of the disease. Therefore, it is urgent to provide scientific symptom management programs for medical staff and patients with lung cancer.
Objective: To construct the core symptom cluster management program for patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods: Under the guidance of Symptom Management Theory, the draft program was formed through the literature supplement and clinical expert meeting based on the best evidence summary, and the final program was formed after two rounds of Delphi with 17 experts.
Results: The draft program contains 35 entries in 3 time dimensions and 16 intervention dimensions. The final program, formed after two rounds of Delphi, consists of 12 entries in 7 different dimensions. In both rounds, Delphi issued and recovered 17 questionnaires, and the recovery rate was 100%. The expert authority coefficient was 0.888. The submission rate of expert opinions was 82.35% and 58.82%. The mean values of importance were 3.765-4.647 and 4.410-4.820. The full score frequency was 23.5-76.5 and 58.8-88.2. The coefficient of variation was 0.130-0.280 and 0.110-0.197. The Kendall’s W was 0.467 and 0.523, P < 0.05. The expert approval rate for the clinical usability of each item was 94.1%-100%.
Conclusion: Under the guidance of Symptom Management Theory, the core symptom cluster management program for patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy established in this study is scientific and credible, with clinical operability, and can guide medical staff and patients with lung cancer to carry out symptom management in complex clinical environments.
The Effects of Sodium Fructose Diphosphate on Coagulation Factor Activity Tests in vitro
Authors: Zhang Yalong , Zhong Xingguo , Chen Lu , Zhou Lin , Zhang Ying , Fang Yuan , Chen Tongqing
Published: June 2024

Sodium fructose diphosphate(FDP) is widely used in the treatment of patients with a variety of diseases and is highly effective. However, we have seen very few reports on the toxicity or adverse effects of this drug, and we know even less about the effects of this drug on the coagulation system. The results of our previous study showed that the drug had a significant effect on the four coagulation parameters (prothrombin time, PT; activated partial thromboplastin time, aPTT; fibrinogen, FBG; and thrombin time, TT) and platelet aggregation function. In the present study, it was found that FDP significantly prolonged the coagulation reaction time (R), a parameter routinely detected by thromboelastogram (TEG) testing systems produced by three different manufacturers, in vitro experiments. Further studies revealed that the drug had a significant inhibitory effect on the activity of coagulation factors V, VII, IX, Ⅺ, and Ⅻ, whereas it had no effect on the activity of factors II, VIII, and X. We conclude that FDP has a significant inhibitory effect on coagulation factors V, VII, IX, Ⅺ and Ⅻ activity, and thus it may really affect the function of our coagulation system.
Fasting Blood glucose on Prognosis after Acute Large Vessel Occlusion Reperfusion -A Multi-Center Study Based on Propensity Score Matching
Authors: luo bin , xiang yi , meng fanlei , wang yubo , zhang zhenzhong , ren hecheng , ma lin
Published: June 2024

Background
Whether hyperglycemia affects the prognosis of patients with acute large vessel occlusion (ALVO) is still controversial. In addition, hyperglycemia is increasingly common, so we analyzed the impact of fasting plasma glucose level on functional outcome after reperfusion in patients with ALVO.
Methods
The data of 2056 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between the average fasting blood glucose 24 hours after recanalization and prognosis was analyzed.
Results
(1) 892 patients were finally enrolled by nearest neighbor matching method. After matching, there were no significant differences in gender, age, preoperative modified Rankin Scale (preoperative-mRS), and diabetes history between the two groups. (2) With 90-day modified Rankin Scale (90-day mRS) as the outcome variable, comparing the factors of good prognosis group and poor prognosis group showed that the older the age, the higher the proportion of poor prognosis (P = 0.014); Patients with diabetes had a higher proportion of poor prognosis (30.8% vs 14.5%, P < 0.001). The MFBG in the poor prognosis group was higher than that in the good prognosis group (P < 0.001). (3) Cox regression analysis showed that: MFBG is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis; When MFBG was > 7 mmol/L, the rate of poor prognosis was 1.139 times higher than MFBG was ≤ 7 mmol/L [OR (95% CI) = 1.139 (1.055,1.229), P < 0.001].
Conclusion
Fasting blood glucose levels 24 hours after reperfusion in patients with ALVO can serve as a predictive marker for prognosis. Controlling blood glucose levels below 7 mmol/L may reduce the rate of adverse outcomes in these patients.
Trial registration
This study is a multicenter retrospective study, there is no registration were retrospectively.
Projected changes in wind speed and wind energy resources over the Persian Gulf based on bias corrected CMIP6 models
Authors: Gohari Amirmahdi , Akpınar Adem
Published: June 2024

This study investigates future wind speed and wind energy changes in the Persian Gulf using a multi-model ensemble mean (MMM) derived from 20 CMIP6 models under the SSP5-8.5 scenario. ERA5 reanalysis wind speed data for the historical period (1995–2015) is compared to projections for the near-future (2040–2059) and far-future (2080–2099). Quantile mapping based on Weibull distribution as a bias correction technique applied to the raw future data to obtain more reliable projections. Results show suitable wind conditions for power generation are expected to increase slightly, by 1.16% in the near future and 0.75% in the far future. However, average annual wind speed and wind power density are projected to decrease by up to 2% and 7% respectively. The winter season is consistently shown to have the highest average wind speed, projected to increase over 5–7% in the future. Spatial analysis identifies current and future wind energy hot spots, with a northward shift by the far future. Assessments of variability over time highlight potential future alterations. The future change analysis reveals irregular regional shifts, indicating decreases in wind strength nearshore in the northern Gulf, while the southern part may experience increases, suggesting a promising trend for wind energy potential there.
Refining the first global strategy for the occupational therapy workforce: results from a mixed-methods survey and multimodal expert feedback
Authors: Jesus Tiago S. , Zweck Claudia , Larson Sydney , Bhattacharjya Sutanuka , Kamalakannan Suresh , Mani Karthik , Ledgerd Ritchard
Published: June 2024

Background
The occupational therapy workforce remains underdeveloped and inequitably distributed, against the backdrop of increasing population needs. The World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) led a multistage development process to launch the first global strategy for this workforce. An initial draft Strategy was previously reviewed for utility by country representatives, then redrafted. Here, we assess the perceived utility of the redrafted Strategy for refinements before its launch.
Methods
Mixed-methods online survey of country representatives (e.g., delegates to the WFOT) complemented by experts’ feedback, including from outside the profession. The survey asked for a utility rating (0–10) for each strategic direction (n = 7) and associated specific actions (total n = 21). A comment box was provided for scoring rationale, concerns, or improvement suggestions. Experts that were previously engaged in a situational analysis provided improvement suggestions for the Strategy, first in writing individually and then through an online focus group. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics (e.g., average scores > 8 considered high) and thematic analyses.
Results
Forty-five country representatives (45%) completed the surveys, 40% from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). All major strategies (average ranges: [9.13–9.33]; SD ranges: [0.80–1.20]) and specific strategies (average ranges: [8.29–9.33]; SD ranges: [0.87–2.03]) received high utility scores. The mode value was “10” for all items. From the survey comments, the central theme was: “account for context-sensitive priorities”. From the experts’ feedback, the central theme was: “provide additional framing”, such as contextualizing the Strategy as a global framework that helps guide but does not dictate local priorities or action plans.
Conclusions
The strategies for the global strengthening of the occupational therapy workforce were positively appraised by country representatives. Altogether, the multimethod, multi-stakeholder evaluation helped refine the Strategy and tailor its report according to the feedback of global experts and its potential end-users. It also provided insights on the need for context-specific implementation plans.
Oxidative Stress and Vitamin D Levels in Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Original Clinical Investigation
Authors: Savas Hasan Basri , Sayar Ersin , Kara Tayfun
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
The etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is thought to be complex. Increasing evidence in the literature shows that oxidative stress plays a role in the development and prognosis of autism. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether thiol disulfide balance, which is a new marker of oxidative stress, is different from that in normal children with autism spectrum disorder.
Methods
A total of 68 children, 38 with autism spectrum disorder and 30 healthy controls, were included in the study. Dynamic thiol balance, total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, ischemia-modified albumin, paraoxonase 1, and arylesterase activities were measured using colorimetric methods. Routine biochemical parameters were obtained from their files and evaluated.
Results
In the case group with autism spectrum disorder, compared with the control group, lower levels of vitamin D, paraoxonase 1, total thiol, and native thiol (p < 0.05) and higher levels of ischemia- modified albumin, total oxidant state, and high oxidative stress index (p < 0.05) were significantly determined.
Conclusions
There is a significant difference between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and oxidative stress increase, antioxidant capacity decrease, and dynamic thiol balance. If these data are supported by new studies with wider participation and multi-center, it can be expected that the dynamic thiol balance and other related parameters will come to the fore as laboratory markers in the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment follow-up of autism.
Cumulative Impact of Herbicides and Tillage in Conservation Agriculture on Soil Microbiome, Fungal Diversity and Crop Productivity
Authors: Nthebere Knight , Prakash Tata Ram , Bhimireddy Padmaja , Chandran Latha P. , Gudapati Jayasree , Admala Meena , Yadav Manikyala Bhargava Narasimha
Published: June 2024

In a diversified cropping system, the kinds of tillage methods and weed management practices significantly influence soil microbiome, which affects crop productivity. The synergetic impacts of such practices on soil microbiome in association with yield under diverse crop rotation with conservation agriculture (CA) have not been extensively explored thus far in Southern India. Thus, a CA experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of tillage and weed management on soil microbiome and fungal diversity at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and tasseling stage (60 DAS) of maize (in the 8th crop cycle) and to monitor yield. Three tillage practices; T1:CT(C)-CT(M)-fallow(NSr), T2:CT(C)-ZT(M)-ZT(Sr) and T3:ZT(C) + SrR-ZT(M) + CR-ZT(Sr) + MS and weed control tactics involved; W1-Chemical weed control, W2-Herbicide rotation (in alternative year), W3- Integrated weed management (IWM) and W4-Single hand-weeded control were laid-out in split-plot design. Rhizosphere soil and rhizoplane samples were collected from the respective plots at 30 DAS after herbicides application and tasseling stage (60 DAS). Analysis for microbial population and fungal diversity, enzyme and microbial activities was done duly following standard procedures. The salient findings indicated; a decline in enzyme activities, microbial population, microbial activities at initial stages (30 DAS) due to impact of herbicides which later on increased by tasseling. These biological properties were higher under T3 and W4, followed by IWM except metabolic quotient (qCO2) which showed a decreasing trend relative to T1, T2 and W1, W2 at both sampling stages of maize. Kernel yield (KY) and System yield (SY) were enhanced by T3 and IWM, herbicides treated plots (W1 and W2) compared to T1, T2 and W4. Talaromyces flavus, a beneficially rhizosphere micro-inhabitant was identified under T3 in combination with IWM. Considering both crop productivity and soil biological assessment, T3 and IWM were considered the best treatment combinations among all others with SY (4453 kg ha− 1). These findings signify the importance of adopting reduced tillage (T3) and IWM to achieve sustainable biodiversity and food security. This will further help the farmers and the policy makers to deeply understand the effectiveness of developing sustainable and eco-friendly tillage practice and weed control strategy for improving soil health and bolstering sustained crop productivity.
Key features of the innate immune response is mediated by the immunoproteasome in microglia
Authors: Izadjoo Salman , Moritz Kasey E. , Khayrullina Guzal , Bergman Elizabeth M. , Melvin Brendan M. , Stinson Matthew W. , Paulson Summer G. , McCormack Nikki M. , Anderson Kelsey N. , Lewis Lunndon A. , Rotty Jeremy D. , Burnett Barrington G.
Published: June 2024

Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). We and others have shown that the inflammatory response of microglia is partially regulated by the immunoproteasome, an inducible form of the proteasome responsible for the generation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I epitopes. While the role of the proteasome in the adaptive immune system is well established, emerging evidence suggests the immunoproteasome may have discrete functions in the innate immune response. Here, we show that inhibiting the immunoproteasome reduces the IFNγ-dependent induction of complement activator C1q, suppresses phagocytosis, and alters the cytokine expression profile in a microglial cell line and microglia derived from human inducible pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, we show that the immunoproteasome regulates the degradation of IκBα, a modulator of NF-κB signaling. Finally, we demonstrate that NADH prevents induction of the immunoproteasome, representing a potential pathway to suppress immunoproteasome-dependent immune responses.
Fungal Alkaloids Mediate Defense Against Bruchid Beetles in Field Populations of an Arborescent Ipomoea
Authors: Prado Alberto , Pineda-Solis Susana , Garibay-Orijel Roberto , Windsor Donald , Boevé Jean-Luc
Published: June 2024

Many Convolvulaceae species harbor heritable fungal endophytes from which alkaloids are translocated to reproductive tissues of the plant host. Evidence for the distribution and ecological role of these fungal alkaloids, however, is lacking or incomplete for many host species and growth forms. Here we report on the quantities of alkaloids present in the leaves and seeds of the arborescent morning glory, Ipomoea murucoides (Convolvulaceae). Young leaf samples taken from the wild harbored one of two fungal taxa. Seeds had higher concentrations of the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine than leaves. Additionally, seeds from trees harboring Ceramothyrium (Chaetothyriales) fungi exhibited less bruchid damage and had higher concentrations of swainsonine than seeds from trees harboring Truncatella (Xylariales) fungi. Five sesquiterpenes were detected in the leaf trichomes of both types of trees. The seed content of the nortropane alkaloids, tropine and tropinone, did not differ significantly among the two fungal symbionts. Overall, our field data support the defensive-symbiosis hypothesis for swainsonine as proposed by Clay (2014) where the fungal partner supplies chemical defenses to the host. It is likely that the host allocates the defensive chemicals from leaves to seeds, protecting them from seed predators such as bruchid beetles.
Can You Vary the Cassowary? Using Multiple Measures to Assess and Compare Casuarius Activity in Human Care
Authors: Cooper-Rogers Bridget , Partoon Justine , Fernandez Eduardo J.
Published: June 2024

Little is known about cassowary behavior, thus making our understanding of their welfare needs in human care limited. Our study compared several welfare-related behavior metrics between two Southern cassowaries located at Adelaide Zoo. A 16 behavior, seven class ethogram, Shannon’s behavioral diversity index, and habitat use heat maps were implemented using ZooMonitor across a two-month observation period. The most frequent behavior class observed for both cassowaries was inactive followed by active behaviors. There were significant differences in four of the seven behavioral classes, with more social, grooming, and abnormal behaviors observed in the male and more foraging behaviors in the female. Habitat usage differed visually between sex with the male directed towards areas where the female was located. There was no significant difference in behavioral diversity between the cassowaries. Implications for cassowary welfare are discussed, as well as the importance of using multiple measures to assess animal well-being.
DenoiseST: A dual-channel unsupervised deep learning-based denoising method to identify spatial domains and functionally variable genes in spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Cui Yaxuan , Wang Ruheng , Zeng Xin , Cui Yang , Zhu Zheyong , Nakai Kenta , Ye Xiucai , Sakurai Tetsuya , Wei Leyi
Published: June 2024

Spatial transcriptomics provides a unique opportunity for understanding cellular organization and function in a spatial context. However, spatial transcriptome exists the problem of dropout noise, exposing a major challenge for accurate downstream data analysis. Here, we proposed DenoiseST, a dual-channel unsupervised adaptive deep learning-based denoising method for data imputing, clustering, and identifying functionally variable genes in spatial transcriptomics. To leverage spatial information and gene expression profiles, we proposed a dual-channel joint learning strategy with graph convolutional networks to sufficiently explore both linear and nonlinear representation embeddings in an unsupervised manner, enhancing the discriminative information learning ability from the global perspectives of data distributions. In particular, DenoiseST enables the adaptively fitting of different gene distributions to the clustered domains and employs tissue-level spatial information to accurately identify functionally variable genes with different spatial resolutions, revealing their enrichment in corresponding gene pathways. Extensive validations on a total of 19 real spatial transcriptome datasets show that DenoiseST obtains excellent performance and results on brain tissue datasets indicate it outperforms the state-of-the-art methods when handling artificial dropout noise with a remarkable margin of ~ 15%, demonstrating its effectiveness and robustness. Case study results demonstrate that when applied to identify biological structural regions on human breast cancer spatial transcriptomic datasets, DenoiseST successfully detected biologically significant immune-related structural regions, which are subsequently validated through Gene Ontology (GO), cell-cell communication, and survival analysis. In conclusion, we expect that DenoiseST is a novel and efficient method for spatial transcriptome analysis, offering unique insights into spatial organization and function.