bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidermoid cyst within an intrapancreatic accessory spleen exhibiting abrupt changes in serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level: a case report
Authors: Takagi Chisato , Hoshi Nobuo , Kikuchi Yutaro , Shirakawa Hirofumi , Tomikawa Moriaki , Ozawa Iwao , Hishinuma Shoichi , Ogata Yoshiro
Published: June 2020

Background

Epidermoid cyst within an intrapancreatic accessory spleen (ECIAS) is a rare disease. While the detection of solid components relevant to an accessory spleen is a key diagnostic finding, the differential diagnosis between ECIAS and malignant tumors is difficult without resection in patients with no other findings of an accessory spleen.

Case presentation

A 73-year-old male was found to have an elevated carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 level (95 U/mL) at an annual checkup, and a cystic lesion in the pancreatic tail was located by abdominal ultrasound. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a multicystic mass, 24 mm in diameter, which exhibited varying intensities on T2-weighted images. There were no findings suggesting solid components on contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Re-evaluation of serum CA 19-9 level revealed a rapid increase to 901 U/mL, which declined to 213 U/mL 3 weeks later. Ruling out the lesion’s malignant potential was difficult, and the patient underwent distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy. Histological findings revealed an ECIAS including multiple cysts, with the mucinous component of each cyst exhibiting different stages of biological reaction; one ruptured cyst exhibited inflammatory changes.

Conclusions

Careful observation for changes in serum CA 19-9 level and MRI findings might facilitate the diagnosis of ECIAS without a solid component by imaging studies.
Cell-free microRNA-21: biomarker for intracranial aneurysm rupture
Authors: Jin Hengwei , Jiang Yuhua , Liu Xinke , Meng Xiangyu , Li Youxiang
Published: June 2020

Background

Deregulation of miRNA-21 expression has been reported to be associated with vascular smooth muscle behavior and cytoskeletal stability. This study is aimed to investigate the density of serum miRNA-21 in patients with different phases of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and explore its warning function for IA rupture.

Methods

A total of 16 in 200 IA patients were selected and categorized into 4 groups based on the phase of IA. Microarray study was carried out using serum miRNA and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Another 24 samples from a cohort of 360 patients were added and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on expanded sample size (n = 40) for miRNA-21 validation. Potential gene targets of miRNA-21 were screened out from Gene Ontology (GO) database and literatures.

Results

Microarray study identified 77 miRNAs with significantly different expression levels between experimental groups and the control group. RT-PCR assays validated significant downregulation of miRNA-21 in experimental groups, among which miRNA-21 expression level of daughter aneurysm group decreased the most. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that several target genes related with miRNA-21 may be involved in IA formation and rupture.

Conclusions

This study suggested that miRNA-21 had a protective effect for intracranial vascular wall against remodeling and warning function for intracranial aneurysm rupture. Significant suppression of serum miRNA-21 in IA patients may provide diagnostic clues for aneurysm rupture and guide clinical intervention.
Correction to: Stability, variation, and application of AFIS fiber length distributions
Authors: HINDS Zachary , KELLY Brendan Robert , HEQUET Eric Francois
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Seismic-gather wavelet-stretching correction based on multiwavelet decomposition algorithm
Authors: Zhang Fanchang , Lan Nanying
Published: June 2020

Normal moveout correction is crucial in seismic data processing, but it generates a wavelet-stretching effect, especially on the larger offset or incident-angle seismic data. Wavelet stretching reduces the dominant frequency of seismic data. The greater the incident angle or offset, the lower dominant the frequency becomes. This is an unfavorable effect to amplitude variation with offset analysis. Therefore, we have introduced a wavelet stretching correction method based on the multiwavelet decomposition (MWD) algorithm. First, it decomposes the near-offset pilot trace and all the far-offset seismic traces in the same gather into a series of wavelets via the MWD algorithm. Then, the dominant frequencies of wavelets in the far-offset seismic traces are replaced by those corresponding wavelets in the pilot trace. Finally, the wavelets after the stretching correction are used to reconstruct the seismic trace. The model and field-data processing results show that this method can not only effectively reduce the wavelet stretching effect but it can also maintain the amplitude of each wavelet as invariant during the stretching correction procedure. Because only the frequencies of the decomposed wavelets are used, and no inverse wavelet operators is introduced, the wavelet stretching correction method does not distort the amplitude information.
Poisson magnetization-to-density-ratio and magnetization inclination properties of banded iron formations of the Carajás mineral province from processing airborne gravity and magnetic data
Authors: Alencar de Matos Caio , Mendonça Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2020

According to the Poisson theorem, gravity and magnetic fields arising from geologic bodies that share common sources, with a uniform magnetization-to-density ratio (MDR) and a uniform magnetization direction, are related by a linear transformation that allows each field to be calculated from the other. Provided that these conditions on the sources are met, when the gravity and magnetic data are available over an area, the Poisson theorem can be used to infer the MDRs and magnetization directions of sources from their associated gravity and magnetic anomalies. These conditions are partially met in many geologic structures but are expected in iron ore deposits, usually associated with strongly magnetic and highly dense formations. Due to the importance of iron ore as a global commodity, most mineral provinces of the world have been investigated by accurate gravity and magnetic sensors, providing a reliable database, but they have not yet been explored with joint interpretation based on Poisson’s relationships. We have interpreted a gravity-magnetic survey covering the Serra Sul of the Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil, where world-class iron deposits are found. We have adapted a formulation formerly developed to estimate the MDR and the magnetization inclination (MI) from profile data to process gridded data sets. Due to faulting and folding, the same density and magnetic structure may assume different strike directions, requiring corrections to improve MDR and MI estimates. Because the geomagnetic field inclination in the studied area is very low (−6.7°), a procedure for stable computation of the components of the anomalous magnetic field vector is applied. The inferences for Serra Sul MDR suggest minor variations for the entire 30 km long formation containing the mineralized bodies, the strong remanent magnetization showing reverse polarity for banded iron formation segments of the Carajás Serra Sul.
Impact of poroelastic effects on the inversion of fracture properties from amplitude variation with offset and azimuth data in horizontal transversely isotropic media
Authors: Barbosa Nicolás D. , Köpke Corinna , Caspari Eva , Germán Rubino J. , Irving James , Holliger Klaus
Published: June 2020

The identification and characterization of fractures is an important objective in many areas of earth and environmental sciences. Amplitude variation with offset and azimuth (AVOAz) analysis of seismic reflection data is a key method for achieving these tasks. Theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the presence of pore fluids together with the strong mechanical contrast between the fractures and their embedding background give rise to wave-induced fluid flow (WIFF) effects. This implies that the effective stiffness tensor of a fluid-saturated fractured rock defining its seismic response becomes viscoelastic and frequency-dependent. In spite of this, AVOAz analysis typically relies on end-member-type elastic stiffness models that either assume a relaxed (i.e., equilibrated) or unrelaxed (i.e., unequilibrated) state of the wave-induced fluid pressure in the rock. In general, however, neither the appropriateness of the chosen model nor the associated errors in the inversion process are known. To investigate this topic, we have considered a poroelastic medium containing parallel vertical fractures and generate synthetic seismic AVOAz data using the classic Rüger approximations for PP-wave reflection coefficients in horizontally transversely isotropic media. A Markov chain Monte Carlo method is used to perform a Bayesian inversion of the synthetic seismic AVOAz data. We quantify the influence of WIFF effects on the AVOAz inversion results when elastic relaxed and unrelaxed models are used as forward solvers of inversion schemes to estimate the fracture volume fraction, the elastic moduli, and the porosity of the background rock, as well as the overall weakness of the medium due to the presence of fractures. Our results indicate that, when dealing with single-frequency data, relaxed elastic models provide biased but overall better inversion results than unrelaxed ones, for which some fracture parameters cannot be resolved. Improved inversion performance is achieved when using frequency-dependent data, which illustrates the importance of accounting for poroelastic effects.
Prognosis of Patients With Stage III Melanoma According to American Joint Committee on Cancer Version 8: A Reassessment on the Basis of 3 Independent Stage III Melanoma Cohorts
Authors: Garbe Claus , Keim Ulrike , Suciu Stefan , Amaral Teresa , Eigentler Thomas K. , Gesierich Anja , Hauschild Axel , Heinzerling Lucie , Kiecker Felix , Schadendorf Dirk , Stadler Rudolf , Sunderkötter Cord , Tüting Thomas , Utikal Jochen , Wollina Uwe , Zouboulis Christos C. , Keilholz Ulrich , Testori Alessandro , Martus Peter , Leiter Ulrike , Eggermont Alexander M. M. ,   on behalf of the German Central Malignant Melanoma Registry and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE

Three new therapies have been approved recently for the adjuvant treatment of stage III melanoma, substantially reducing the risk of tumor recurrences. This study evaluates 3 independent data sets to clarify the survival probabilities of patients with stage III melanoma.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The Central Malignant Melanoma Registry (CMMR) evaluated 1,553 patients with a primary diagnosis of stage III melanoma from 2000 to 2012. Studies from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), of 573 patients in the observation arm of the 18991 study and 445 patients in the placebo arm of the 18071 study, were evaluated as reference cohorts. The survival outcomes were compared with the published American Joint Committee on Cancer version 8 (AJCCv8) stage III survival data.

RESULTS

For the CMMR stage III cohort versus the AJCCv8 cohort, the melanoma-specific survival (MSS) rates at 5 years were 67% versus 77%, and at 10 years were 56% versus 69%, respectively. For stage IIIA, the MSS rates at 5 years were 80% versus 93%, and at 10 years were 71% versus 88%; for stage IIIB, the MSS rates at 5 years were 75% versus 83%, and at 10 years were 61% versus 77%. The MSS rates of the EORTC studies either overlapped with or were lower than, the CMMR data.

CONCLUSION

The MSS rates in the CMMR and EORTC cohorts over the entire stage III are less favorable than those published in AJCCv8. This is particularly true for substages IIIA and IIIB.
Prospective Evaluation of Radiation Dose Escalation in Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma and Gross Residual Disease After Surgery: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group ANBL0532 Study
Authors: Liu Kevin X. , Naranjo Arlene , Zhang Fan F. , DuBois Steven G. , Braunstein Steve E. , Voss Stephan D. , Khanna Geetika , London Wendy B. , Doski John J. , Geiger James D. , Kreissman Susan G. , Grupp Stephan A. , Diller Lisa R. , Park Julie R. , Haas-Kogan Daphne A.
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE

A primary objective of the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) ANBL0532 phase III study was to assess the effect of increasing local dose of radiation to a residual primary tumor on the cumulative incidence of local progression (CILP) in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Newly diagnosed patients with high-risk neuroblastoma were randomly assigned or assigned to receive single or tandem autologous stem-cell transplantation (SCT) after induction chemotherapy. Local control consisted of surgical resection during induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy after last SCT. Patients received 21.6 Gy to the preoperative primary tumor volume. For patients with incomplete surgical resection, an additional boost of 14.4 Gy was delivered to the gross residual tumor, for a total dose of 36 Gy. CILP (primary end point) and event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS; secondary end points) were compared with the COG A3973 historical cohort, in which all patients received single SCT and 21.6 Gy without a boost.

RESULTS

For all patients in ANBL0532 receiving radiotherapy (n = 323), 5-year CILP, EFS, and OS rates were 11.2% ± 1.8%, 56.2% ± 3.4%, and 68.4% ± 3.2% compared with 7.1% ± 1.4% ( P = .0590), 47.0% ± 3.5% ( P = .0090), and 57.4% ± 3.5% ( P = .0088) for all patients in A3973 receiving radiotherapy (n = 328), respectively. Five-year CILP, EFS, and OS rates for patients in A3973 with incomplete resection and radiotherapy (n = 47) were 10.6% ± 4.6%, 48.9% ± 10.1%, and 56.9% ± 10.0%, respectively. In comparison, 5-year CILP, EFS, and OS rates for patients in ANBL0532 who were randomly assigned or assigned to single SCT and received boost radiotherapy (n = 74) were 16.3% ± 4.3% ( P = .4126), 50.9% ± 7.0% ( P = .5084), and 68.1% ± 6.7% ( P = .2835), respectively.

CONCLUSION

Boost radiotherapy to gross residual tumor present at the end of induction did not significantly improve 5-year CILP. These results highlight the need for new strategies to decrease the risk of locoregional failure.
Feasibility and Value of Establishing a Community-Based Virtual Multidisciplinary Sarcoma Case Conference
Authors: Pan Minggui , Seto Tiffany , Yu Jeanette , Sidhu Manpreet , Kim Brian , McCormick Craig , Fang Andrew , Song Joseph , Morse Lee Jae , Peng Peter D. , Chakedis Jeffery , Huber Ryan , Schwartz Corey , Lee Jason D. , Zou Youran
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE:

Management of soft tissue and bone sarcoma presents many challenges, both diagnostically and therapeutically, and requires multidisciplinary collaboration; however, such collaboration is often challenging to establish, especially in the community setting. We share our experiences of a virtual multidisciplinary sarcoma case conference (VMSCC).

METHODS:

We conducted retrospective review of the VMSCC data—initially via Webex, now Microsoft Teams—and the surveys of referring physicians to understand the feasibility and value of the VMSCC.

RESULTS:

The VMSCC was established in March 2013 in Kaiser Permanente Northern California with consistent participation of the Departments of Musculoskeletal Oncology (orthopedic oncology), Musculoskeletal Radiology, Pathology, Medical Oncology, Radiation Oncology, Nuclear Medicine, Surgical Oncology, and Genetics. Pediatric Oncology participated ad hoc when pediatric sarcoma cases were presented. Referrals were from multiple specialties and regions, including the Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic and Hawaii regions. From March 2013 to December 2019, 1,585 cases were reviewed encompassing 36 histologic types. More than 300 cases were reviewed per year from 2017 to 2019. Survey results of referring physicians demonstrate that the VMSCC enhanced the confidence of treating physicians, and its recommendations frequently led to treatment changes.

CONCLUSION:

Establishing a valuable community-based VMSCC is feasible. VMSCC recommendations frequently led to treatment changes and improved the confidence of treating physicians.
Vasculometabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Aldosterone in Obesity
Authors: van der Heijden Charlotte D C C , ter Horst Rob , van den Munckhof Inge C L , Schraa Kiki , de Graaf Jacqueline , Joosten Leo A B , Danser A H Jan , Netea Mihai G , Deinum Jaap , Rutten Joost , Riksen Niels P
Published: June 2020

Context

Not all obese individuals develop cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hyperaldosteronism is suggested to cause inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, and might contribute to CVD development in obese individuals.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the association of aldosterone concentrations with inflammation, metabolic disturbances, and atherosclerosis in overweight and obese individuals. Additionally, we measured renin concentrations to investigate whether the observed effects reflected general activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).

Design

A cross-sectional cohort study (300-OB study) was conducted. Various inflammatory parameters, traits of the metabolic syndrome, lipidome and metabolome parameters, fat distribution, and carotid atherosclerosis were associated with plasma aldosterone and renin levels.

Setting

The setting of this study was the Radboudumc (i.o. Radboudumc), the Netherlands.

Patients

A total of 302 individuals with a body mass index greater than or equal to 27 kg/m2 participated.

Main Outcome Measures and Results

Aldosterone was associated with various markers of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, which partly differed from the associations observed for renin. Although both were associated with inflammatory cell numbers, only renin was associated with classical markers of systemic inflammation. Both were associated with the metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis. Of the traits that constitute metabolic syndrome, aldosterone, but not renin, was associated with triglyceride concentrations. Accordingly, aldosterone was associated with large very low-density lipoprotein particles; metabolomics studies further associated aldosterone with urate concentrations and derivatives of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway. Neither aldosterone nor renin was associated with atherosclerotic plaque thickness.

Conclusions

Aldosterone is not an important driver of systemic inflammation in the obese, whereas aldosterone concentrations and metabolic dysregulation are strongly intertwined in these individuals. Although prospective studies are necessary to validate these results, the independent effects of aldosterone on carotid atherosclerosis appear modest.
Steroid Screening Tools Differentiating Nonclassical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Maffazioli Giovana D N , Bachega Tania A S S , Hayashida Sylvia A Y , Gomes Larissa G , Valassi Helena P L , Marcondes Jose A M , Mendonca Berenice B , Baracat Edmund C , Maciel Gustavo A R
Published: June 2020

Purpose

To analyze the performance of basal 17OH-progesterone (17OHP) levels versus the basal 17OHP/cortisol ratio in nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) differential diagnosis. Basal 17OHP levels >10 ng/mL have been used to confirm NCAH diagnosis without the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test; however, the optimal cutoff value is a matter of debate.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed at the endocrinology and gynecological endocrinology outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital. A total of 361 patients with PCOS (age 25.0 ± 5.3 years) and 113 (age 19.0 ± 13.6 years) patients with NCAH were enrolled. Basal and ACTH-17OHP levels were measured by radioimmunoassay, and CYP21A2 molecular analysis was performed to confirm hormonal NCAH diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis compared basal 17OHP levels and the 17OHP/cortisol ratio between NCAH and PCOS patients.

Results

Basal 17OHP levels were higher in NCAH patients than in those with PCOS (8.85 [4.20-17.30] vs 1.00 [0.70-1.50] ng/mL; P < 0.0001), along with 17OHP/cortisol ratio (0.86 [0.47-1.5]) vs 0.12 [0.07-0.19]; P < 0.0001, respectively). Basal 17OHP levels and the 17OHP/cortisol ratio were strongly correlated in both groups (rho = 0.82; P < 0.0001). Areas under the curves for basal 17OHP levels (0.9528) and the 17OHP/cortisol ratio (0.9455) were not different to discriminate NCAH and PCOS (P > 0.05). Basal 17OHP level >5.4 ng/mL and 17OHP/cortisol ratio >2.90 had 100% specificity to identify NCAH.

Main Conclusions

Basal 17OHP levels >5.4 ng/mL can be used to perform differential diagnoses between NCAH and PCOS, dismissing the ACTH test. The basal 17OHP/cortisol ratio was not superior to basal 17OHP levels in this scenario.
Anabiosis and the Liminal Geographies of De/extinction
Authors: Searle Adam
Published: June 2020

The spectacle of de-extinction is often forward facing at the interface of science fiction and speculative fact, haunted by extinction’s pasts. Missing from this discourse, however, is a robust theorization of de-extinction in the present. This article presents recent developments in the emergent fields of resurrection biology and liminality to conceptualize the anabiotic (not living nor dead) state of de/extinction. Through two stories, this article explores the epistemological perturbation caused by the suspended animation of genetic material. Contrasting the genomic stories of the bucardo, a now extinct subspecies of Iberian ibex whose genome was preserved before the turn of the millennium, and the woolly mammoth, whose genome is still a work in progress, the author poses questions concerning the existential authenticity of this genomic anabiosis. They serve as archetypal illustrations of salvaged and synthesized anabiotic creatures. De/extinction is presented as a liminal state of being, both living and dead, both fact and fiction, a realm that we have growing access to through the proliferation of synthetic biology and cryopreservation. The article concludes through a presentation of anabiotic geographies, postulating on the changing biocultural significances we attach to organisms both extinct and extant, and considering their implications for the contemporary extinction crisis.
Chilling induces unidirectional solute leak through the locust gut epithelia
Authors: Brzezinski Kaylen , MacMillan Heath A.
Published: June 2020

Chill-susceptible insects, like the migratory locust, often die when exposed to low temperatures from an accumulation of tissue damage that is unrelated to freezing (chilling injuries). Chilling injury is often associated with a loss of ion balance across the gut epithelia. It has recently been suggested that this imbalance is at least partly caused by a cold-induced disruption of epithelial barrier function. Here, we aim to test this hypothesis in the migratory locust (L. migratoria). First, chill tolerance was quantified by exposing locusts to -2°C and quantified chill coma recovery time and survival 24h post-cold exposure. Longer exposure times significantly increased recovery time and caused injury and death. Ion-selective microelectrodes were also used to test for a loss of ion balance in the cold. We found a significant increase and decrease of hemolymph K+ and Na+ concentrations over time, respectively. Next, barrier failure along the gut was tested by monitoring the movement of an epithelial barrier marker (FITC-dextran) across the gut epithelia during exposure to -2°C. We found a significant increase in hemolymph FITC-dextran concentrations over time in the cold when assayed in the mucosal to serosal direction. However, when tested in the serosal to mucosal direction, we saw minimal marker movement across the gut epithelia. This suggests that while cold-induced barrier disruption is present, it is apparently unidirectional. It is important to note that these data reveal only the phenomenon itself. The location of this leak as well as the underlying mechanisms remain unclear and require further investigation.
Increased glucocorticoid concentrations in early life cause mitochondrial inefficiency and short telomeres
Authors: Casagrande Stefania , Stier Antoine , Monaghan Pat , Loveland Jasmine L. , Boner Winifred , Lupi Sara , Trevisi Rachele , Hau Michaela
Published: June 2020

Telomeres are DNA structures that protect chromosome ends. However, telomeres shorten during cell replication and at critically low lengths can reduce cell replicative potential, induce cell senescence and decrease fitness. Stress exposure, which elevates glucocorticoid hormone concentrations, can exacerbate telomere attrition. This phenomenon has been attributed to increased oxidative stress generated by glucocorticoids (‘oxidative stress hypothesis’). We recently suggested that glucocorticoids could increase telomere attrition during stressful periods by reducing the resources available for telomere maintenance through changes in the metabolic machinery (‘metabolic telomere attrition hypothesis’). Here we tested whether experimental increases in glucocorticoid levels affected telomere length and mitochondrial function in wild great tit (Parus major) nestlings during the energy-demanding early growth. We monitored resulting corticosterone (Cort) concentrations in plasma, and in red blood cells, telomere lengths and mitochondrial metabolism (metabolic rate, proton leak, oxidative phosphorylation, maximal mitochondrial capacity and mitochondrial inefficiency). We assessed oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolites as well as the total non-enzymatic antioxidant protection in plasma. Compared with control (Ctrl) nestlings, Cort-nestlings had higher baseline corticosterone, shorter telomeres and higher mitochondrial metabolic rate. Importantly, Cort-nestlings showed increased mitochondrial proton leak, leading to a decreased ATP production efficiency. Treatment groups did not differ in oxidative damage or antioxidants. Hence, glucocorticoid-induced telomere attrition is associated with changes in mitochondrial metabolism, but not with ROS production. These findings support the hypothesis that shortening of telomere length during stressful periods is mediated by glucocorticoids through metabolic rearrangements.
Two chiral types of randomly rotated ommatidia are distributed across the retina of the flathead oak borer,Coraebus undatus(Coleoptera: Buprestidae)
Authors: Meglič Andrej , Ilić Marko , Quero Carmen , Arikawa Kentaro , Belušič Gregor
Published: June 2020

Jewel beetles are colorful insects, which use vision to recognize their conspecifics and can be lured with colored traps. We investigated the retina and coloration of the flathead oak borer, Coraebus undatus, using microscopy, spectrometry, polarimetry, electroretinography, and intracellular recordings of photoreceptor cell responses. The compound eyes are built of a highly unusual mosaic of mirror-symmetric or chiral ommatidia that are randomly rotated along the body axes. Each ommatidium has eight photoreceptors, two of them having rhabdomeres in tiers. The eyes contain six spectral classes of photoreceptors, peaking in the UV, blue, green and red. Most photoreceptors have moderate polarization sensitivity with randomly distributed angular maxima. The beetles have the necessary substrate for complex color vision, required to recognize the conspecifics and suitable for a targeted design of color traps. However, the jewel beetle array of freely rotated ommatidia is very different from the ordered mosaic in insects that have object-directed polarization vision. We propose that ommatidial rotation allows to cancel out the polarization signals, thus allowing stable color vision, similar to the rhabdomeric twist in the eyes of flies and honeybees.
How Does Firms’ Innovation Disclosure Affect Their Banking Relationships?
Authors: Saidi Farzad , Žaldokas Alminas
Published: June 2020

Firms face a trade-off between patenting, thereby disclosing innovation, and secrecy. We show that this trade-off interacts with firms’ financing choices. As a shock to innovation disclosure, we study the American Inventor’s Protection Act that made firms’ patent applications public 18 months after filing, rather than when granted. We find that such increased innovation disclosure helps firms switch lenders, resulting in lower cost of debt, and facilitates their access to syndicated-loan and public capital markets. Our evidence lends support to the idea that public-information provision through patents and private information in financial relationships are substitutes, and that innovation disclosure makes credit markets more contestable.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
The Impact of Uniform Pricing Regulations on Incentives to Generate and Disclose Accounting Information
Authors: Arya Anil , Mittendorf Brian , Yoon Dae-Hee
Published: June 2020

A persistent question in industrial organization is whether regulations restricting price discrimination in input markets can promote efficiency. Despite the extensive study of the economic effects of input pricing regulations, the literature is bereft of an examination of the role of accounting information. In this paper, we seek to fill the gap by modeling the effects of uniform pricing restrictions in input markets on firms’ information generation and disclosure. In doing so, we find that information considerations present an impetus for uniform pricing requirements since they promote incentives for retail firms to both acquire and disclose relevant accounting information. In effect, by shielding retail firms from excessive supplier exploitation, uniform pricing regulations create a richer and more transparent information environment. This, then, leads to welfare gains and even benefits that can accrue naturally to all supply chain partners including the supplier, whose actions are constrained by the uniform pricing regulation.

This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Logarithmic Regret in the Dynamic and Stochastic Knapsack Problem with Equal Rewards
Authors: Arlotto Alessandro , Xie Xinchang
Published: June 2020

We study a dynamic and stochastic knapsack problem in which a decision maker is sequentially presented with items arriving according to a Bernoulli process over n discrete time periods. Items have equal rewards and independent weights that are drawn from a known nonnegative continuous distribution F. The decision maker seeks to maximize the expected total reward of the items that the decision maker includes in the knapsack while satisfying a capacity constraint and while making terminal decisions as soon as each item weight is revealed. Under mild regularity conditions on the weight distribution F, we prove that the regret—the expected difference between the performance of the best sequential algorithm and that of a prophet who sees all of the weights before making any decision—is, at most, logarithmic in n. Our proof is constructive. We devise a reoptimized heuristic that achieves this regret bound.
Implementing the Triangle of Wound Assessment framework to transform the care pathway for diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Gil Silvia Blasco
Published: June 2020

Treating patients with hard-to-heal wounds can be a daily challenge for health professionals. A systematic approach is needed to establish accurate management goals and treatment options. This should include a complete wound assessment that takes into account the wound aetiology and characteristics, as well as the patient as a whole. The Triangle of Wound Assessment is a holistic framework designed to assess and manage all wound areas—the wound bed, wound edge and periwound skin. The framework can be used to guide health professionals when evaluating a wound, setting management goals and selecting treatment options. This article describes the use of the Triangle in clinical practice. It shows how a Spanish hospital implemented the framework and how this led to its inclusion in the diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) care pathway used in the region. The article concludes with three case studies describing the clinical outcomes achieved following implementation of the Triangle when managing wounds.
Quão Plural é o Ensino de Marketing? Um Estudo Exploratório com Professores dos Cursos de Graduação em Administração
Authors: Merabet Daniel de Oliveira Barata , Silva Rosana Oliveira da , Gonçalves Clayton Pereira , Barros Denise Franca
Published: June 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar sobre quão plural é o ensino de marketing em cursos de graduação em Administração, considerando três escolas de pensamento em Marketing: a gerencial, a de macromarketing e a de marketing crítico. Para atingir tal objetivo, foram entrevistados professores de marketing em diferentes cursos de graduação em Administração no Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados apresentados nas três categorias analíticas produzidas apontam para: a) O reconhecimento de que o conteúdo programático baseado no marketing gerencial é insuficiente para atender aos desafios que cercam a prática de marketing; b) A preocupação em referenciar as práticas de marketing às demandas do mercado e; c) A importância de estabelecer discussões éticas, sociais e críticas que envolvam não somente a relação entre empresas e consumidores, mas que reconheçam o papel do Estado e as pressões da sociedade civil organizada. Os autores concluem que as abordagens de macromarketing e de marketing crítico podem contribuir para que as discussões abordadas possam ser conduzidas pelos professores, de maneira mais plural e sistematizada, para que o ensino de marketing transborde dos domínios da sala de aula para projetos de pesquisa e de extensão.
Ray tracing models for estimating light collection properties of microstructured tapered optical fibers for optical neural interfaces
Authors: Maglie Emanuela , Pisanello Marco , Pisano Filippo , Balena Antonio , Bianco Marco , Spagnolo Barbara , Sileo Leonardo , Sabatini Bernardo L. , De Vittorio Massimo , Pisanello Ferruccio
Published: June 2020

Tapered optical fibers (TFs) were recently employed for depth-resolved monitoring of functional fluorescence in subcortical brain structures, enabling light collection from groups of a few cells through small optical windows located on the taper edge [Pisano et al., Nat. Methods 16, 1185 (2019)1548-709110.1038/s41592-019-0581-x]. Here we present a numerical model to estimate light collection properties of microstructured TFs implanted in scattering brain tissue. Ray tracing coupled with the Henyey–Greenstein scattering model enables the estimation of both light collection and fluorescence excitation fields in three dimensions, whose combination is employed to retrieve the volume of tissue probed by the device.
High-dimensional states of light with full control of OAM and transverse linear momentum
Authors: Pabón D. , Ledesma S. , Rebón L.
Published: June 2020

We present a compact scheme for the generation of high-dimensional states of light encoded in the transverse linear momentum of photons that carry orbital angular momentum (OAM). We use a programmable spatial light modulator in phase configuration to create correlations between these two spatial degrees of freedom. With our setup, we are able to control, independently, the relative phases and amplitudes of the spatial superposition in addition to the topological charge of the OAM. Moreover, we engineer correlations that emulate bipartite quantum states of dimensions

d
×
m

. Experimental results from the characterization of different generated states of dimensions up to

9
×
5

are in excellent agreement with the numerical simulations. Fidelity with the target state is, for all cases, above 95%.
Self-powered, flexible, and ultrabroadband ultraviolet-terahertz photodetector based on a laser-reduced graphene oxide/CsPbBr3 composite
Authors: Li Yifan , Zhang Yating , Chen Zhiliang , Li Qingyan , Li Tengteng , Li Mengyao , Zhao Hongliang , Sheng Quan , Shi Wei , Yao Jianquan
Published: June 2020

Self-powered and flexible ultrabroadband photodetectors (PDs) are desirable in a wide range of applications. The current PDs based on the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect have realized broadband photodetection. However, most of them express low photoresponse and lack of flexibility. In this work, high-performance, self-powered, and flexible PTE PDs based on laser-scribed reduced graphene oxide

(
LSG
)
/

CsPbBr
3

are developed. The comparison experiment with LSG PD and fundamental electric properties show that the

LSG
/

CsPbBr
3

device exhibits enhanced ultrabroadband photodetection performance covering ultraviolet to terahertz range with high photoresponsivity of 100 mA/W for 405 nm and 10 mA/W for 118 μm at zero bias voltage, respectively. A response time of 18 ms and flexible experiment are also acquired at room temperature. Moreover, the PTE effect is fully discussed in the

LSG
/

CsPbBr
3

device. This work demonstrates that

LSG
/

CsPbBr
3

is a promising candidate for the construction of high-performance, flexible, and self-powered ultrabroadband PDs at room temperature.
Establecimiento del tamaño de raciones de consumo de frutas y hortalizas para su uso en guías alimentarias en el entorno español: propuesta del Comité Científico de la Asociación 5 al día
Authors: Russolillo Giuseppe , Baladia Eduard , Moñino Manuel , Marques-Lopes Iva , Farran Andreu , Bonany Joan , Gilabert Victoria , Astiasarán Iciar , Raigón Maria Dolores , Martínez Alfredo , Ballesteros Juan Manuel , Miret Francesc , Palou Andreu , Romero-de-Ávila María Dolores , Polanco Isabel , Torija Esperanza , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Martínez Nuria
Published: June 2020

Introducción: las raciones de consumo son cantidades estándares de alimentos o bebidas sugeridas para asesorar sobre la cantidad de alimento a consumir para preservar un estado de salud adecuado. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es establecer los tamaños de ración de consumo de frutas y hortalizas (FH) para uso en guías alimentarias.Material y métodos: Se adaptó la metodología de la United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) para el establecimiento de los tamaños de ración de consumo para guías, y la del sistema de Intercambios. Se recopilaron datos de porción reportados en encuestas y calibres comunes en el mercado, se ajustó a cantidades de alimento fácilmente reconocibles y con equivalencia de nutrientes clave y se evaluó el grado de cumplimiento de los objetivos de salud pública para el consumo de FH.Resultados: Los tamaños de porción típicamente reportados en encuestas españolas son escasos y poco homogéneos, y no se encontraron datos publicados en revistas científicas sobre los calibres. Las guías alimentarias españolas, a pesar de mostrar un rango de tamaño de ración para FH no aseguran que sean intercambiables ni especifican el método para llegar a las mismas. La ración de hortalizas obtenida ha sido de 139,44 g (DS:±21,98; CV:0,16), de 137,68 g (DS:±49,61; CV:0,36) para frutas y 28,00g (DS:±7,53; CV:0,27) para frutas desecadas.Conclusiones: Con las raciones establecidas, el mensaje “consume al menos 5 raciones entre FH al día” permitiría alcanzar los objetivo de Salud Pública para FH establecidos en 600 g (peso neto)/persona/día. Se recomienda a la Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición (AECOSAN) que use esta misma metodología para el establecimiento de raciones en el resto de grupos de alimentos que configuran la Guía Dietética Basada en Alimentos para la población española.
Asociación entre el consumo de desayuno, estado nutricional y riesgo cardiovascular en escolares chilenos de 6 a 9 años edad
Authors: Rodríguez Palleres Ximena , Piñuñuri Flores Raúl , Flores Rivera Katherine , Rivera Brito Karina , Di Capua Ramírez Gabriella , Toledo San Martín Álvaro
Published: June 2020

Introducción: En Chile la obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública, siendo los malos hábitos de alimentación y la disminución de la actividad física las principales causas. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la asociación entre el estado nutricional, riesgo cardiovascular y el consumo de desayuno en escolares de Santiago de Chile. Material y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 434 escolares de ambos sexos de un establecimiento educacional de Santiago de Chile. El estado nutricional se determinó con la evaluación de peso, estatura y circunferencia cintura. Para describir el consumo de desayuno se aplicó una encuesta elaborada para este estudio. Resultados: El 30,2% de los escolares presenta obesidad y el 26,7% tiene sobrepeso según IMC. El 25,3% se clasifica con riesgo de obesidad abdominal y el 31,2% presenta obesidad abdominal según circunferencia cintura. El 18,9% de los evaluados no consume desayuno todos los días. En comparación con los sujetos que consumen siempre desayuno, el riesgo de obesidad fue mayor en aquellos escolares que nunca consumían desayuno (Odds ratio (OR): 1,9 [(IC) del 95%: 0,91-2,97] p = 0,11), al igual que el riesgo de obesidad abdominal (Odds ratio (OR): 1,66 [(IC) del 95%: 0,91-2,97] p = 0,32).Conclusiones: Existe una elevada prevalencia de malnutrición por exceso acompañado de un porcentaje importante de escolares que no toma desayuno diariamente. Los escolares que no consumen desayuno todos los días tienen un mayor riesgo de obesidad.
Menemukan Kekhasan Kajian Sosial Keagamaan pada Program Studi Sosiologi Agama di UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Authors: Soehadha Moh
Published: June 2020

Sosiologi Agama, merupakan disiplin baru di dalam disiplin religious studies, yang menitikberatkan pada perubahan-perubahan masyarakat agama. Sampai saat ini, diakui bahwa sosiologi agama, masih mencari bentuk yang khas di dalam metodologi. Agama itu tidak hanya sebatas agama sebagai dogma atau sisi normatifitasnya belaka (model for), namun juga memahami bagaimana interpretasi suatu masyarakat tertentu terhadap agama itu, terkait dengan realitas sosialnya (model of). Karakter demikian memerlukan metodologi yang khas.Kata Kunci: model of, model for
MOTIF BERGABUNG DALAM ALIRAN SAPTA DARMA PENGIKUT AJARAN DI SANGGAR AGUNG CANDI SAPTA RENGGA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Arifin Nur
Published: June 2020

The flow of Sapta Darma is part of the religion and belief that exists in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta as the center of its development. This study explains the motives of people to join the flow of Sapta Darma in Yogyakarta and how the influence that can be for followers is also the response of society in general. This research uses qualitative case study approach through observation, interview, and documentation.The results of this study show that; First, the motive follows the flow of Sapta Darma, on the grounds that there is a worthy value with the rational foundation of values, the expectation to be accomplished with an instrumental foundation, preserving its generation with a traditional foundation, and a deep feeling. Second, the peace of the soul, living in peace and giving the teachings of tolerance, having the spiritual power of being an example to society. Third, Sapta Darma’s beliefs are accepted by the reason of this group relating to human rights, while others refuse to come from the extreme.Keywords: religion, class, motive, social action approach.
NEGOSIASI MUKA MASYARAKAT DESA BEDA KEYAKINAN Studi Interaksi Masyarakat Berbasis Keyakinan (Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, dan Majlis Tafsir Al-Qur’an) di Dusun Pakelrejo, Desa Piyaman, Wonosari, Gunung Kidul)
Authors: Fauziyah Siti
Published: June 2020

In Indonesia, one of the problems faced by religious people is religious conflict. When Islam entered the island of Java, Islam had to deal with local Javanese beliefs. In spreading the teachings of Islamic renewal and then bring up cultural clashes that cause tension then even conflict between supporters of puritan groups with syncretic Islam. This happened in Dusun Pakelrejo Desa Piyaman, when the Majlis Tafsir Al-Qur’an (MTA) tried to maintain its existence to be accepted by the wider community especially by Muhammadiyah and NU adherents. The MTA uses a negotiation advance with Postheistic patterns. In this case, Postheistik becomes a new pattern of face transactions to build cooperation and mutual need without seeing one’s self-confidence. Therefore, post-theistic communication becomes a phenomenon of interfaith relations.Keywords: Negotiations Advance, Bina Peace, Postheistik
Ketika Agama dan Masyarakat Digital Menjadi Senjata Baru Propagada Politik
Authors: Rantona Safutra , Husna Asmaul
Published: June 2020

Nineteen months have passed, but the action of the political religious social movements which born post religious sacrilege case on Elections Jakarta turned out to be far from over. The movement originally was a step of consolidation in order to evoke the political consciousness of Muslims, now began to be infiltrated by other groups with particular interests. These interest groups considered to sharpen the conflict and cause the political noise never ended across this country. This article try to expose how the social-political issues played massif and structured in virtual spaces by interest groups in order to form the force and gained the power of politics. And how the relationship between religion, state, and people are pitted in order that the collective identity look sharper. So no wonder that the people of Indonesia now seems to have split in two major axis, Religious versus Nationalist.Sembilan belas bulan telah berlalu, namun aksi dari gerakan sosial politik religius yang lahir pasca kasus penistaan agama pada Pilkada DKI Jakarta ternyata belumlah usai. Gerakan yang semula merupakan sebuah langkah konsolidasi guna membangkitkan kesadaran politik umat islam, kini mulai ditunggangi oleh kelompok lain dengan kepentingan tertentu. Kelompok kepentingan inilah yang ditengarai memperkeruh konflik dan menyebabkan kegaduhan politik tak kunjung usai di seantero negeri. Artikel ini mencoba memaparkan bagaimana isu-isu sosial politik kemudian dimainkan secara massif dan terstruktur dalam ruang-ruang virtual oleh kelompok kepentingan guna membentuk kekuatan politik dan demi meraih kekuasaan. Serta bagaimana relasi antara agama, rakyat, dan negara dibenturkan agar identitas kolektif terlihat lebih tajam. Maka tak heran jika kini rakyat Indonesia seolah telah terpropaganda dan terbelah dalam dua poros besar, Agamis dan Nasionalis.
POTRET HARMONI ANTAR SISWA-SISWI BERAGAMA DI SMA TIGA MARET YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Furqon Muhammad
Published: June 2020

This research analyzed harmony between students inreligious difference in SMA Tiga Maret Yogyakartausing qualitative methode. This study indicate (1)Adaptation (adaptation) The adaptation function forstudents has occurred since the past and has beenharmonious. (2) Achievement of the goal (goalattainment) With harmonious students, the three MarchHigh Schools in Yogyakarta interact with each other (3)Integration (integration) In Three March High SchoolYogyakarta is the role of schools and religious teachersin regulating relations between students of differentreligions in order to maintain harmony in a system bothwithin the maupuan school environment in the widercommunity. (4) Latency (maintenance of patterns) Ininteractions between students of different religions inSMA Tiga Maret Yogyakarta Latency (maintenance ofpatterns) is divided into 3 parts, namely opening oneselfto the preservation efforts undertaken so that harmonybetween students of different religions is continued withattitudes be vigilant and finally improve, where whena conflict occurs in the name of a religious communitycausing disunity is an effort that is no less important.