bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial KATP channels stabilize intracellular Ca2+ during hypoxia in retinal horizontal cells of goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Country Michael W. , Jonz Michael G.
Published: August 2021

Neurons of the retina require oxygen to survive. In hypoxia, neuronal ATP production is impaired, ATP-dependent ion pumping is reduced, transmembrane ion gradients are dysregulated, and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) increases enough to trigger excitotoxic cell death. Central neurons of the common goldfish (Carassius auratus) are hypoxia tolerant, but little is known about how goldfish retinas withstand hypoxia. To study the cellular mechanisms of hypoxia tolerance, we isolated retinal interneurons (horizontal cells; HCs), and measured [Ca2+]i with Fura-2. Goldfish HCs maintained [Ca2+]i throughout 1 h of hypoxia, whereas [Ca2+]i increased irreversibly in HCs of the hypoxia-sensitive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with just 20 min of hypoxia. Our results suggest mitochondrial ATP-dependent K+ channels (mKATP) are necessary to stabilize [Ca2+]i throughout hypoxia. In goldfish HCs, [Ca2+]i increased when mKATP channels were blocked with glibenclamide or 5-hydroxydecanoic acid, whereas the mKATP channel agonist diazoxide prevented [Ca2+]i from increasing in hypoxia in trout HCs. We found that hypoxia protects against increases in [Ca2+]i in goldfish HCs via mKATP channels. Glycolytic inhibition with 2-deoxyglucose increased [Ca2+]i, which was rescued by hypoxia in a mKATP channel-dependent manner. We found no evidence of plasmalemmal KATP channels in patch-clamp experiments. Instead, we confirmed the involvement of KATP in mitochondria with TMRE imaging, as hypoxia rapidly (<5 min) depolarized mitochondria in a mKATP channel-sensitive manner. We conclude that mKATP channels initiate a neuroprotective pathway in goldfish HCs to maintain [Ca2+]i and avoid excitotoxicity in hypoxia. This model provides novel insight into the cellular mechanisms of hypoxia tolerance in the retina.
Sugestões para investimento direto
Authors: Cui Xinjian , Liu Zixin
Published: August 2021

Há grande potencial para empresas brasileiras investirem na China, desde que considerem as vantagens competitivas dos dois países e questões de regulação, cultura, diferenças regionais e incentivos econômicos.
Agronegócio como pedra de toque
Authors: Rodrigues Roberto
Published: August 2021

Uma negociação entre Brasil e China na base da confiança recíproca será útil para o mundo todo, de modo que deve ser solidamente amalgamada nas relações já avançadas de comércio de produtos agropecuários.
Vale a pena investir na acreditação hospitalar?
Authors: A. S. Araujo Claudia , Malik Ana Maria
Published: August 2021

Estudos indicam melhorias efetivas em importantes indicadores da gestão, beneficiando a instituição e os pacientes. as perspectivas são positivas, mas também devem ser consideradas as limitações das pesquisas analisadas.
Modeling the impact of early interventions on the transmission dynamics of coronavirus infection
Authors: Bornaa Christopher Saaha , Seidu Baba , Seini Yakubu Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

A deterministic model is proposed to describe the transmission dynamics of coronavirus infection with early interventions. Epidemiological studies have employed modeling to unravel knowledge that transformed the lives of families, communities, nations and the entire globe. The study established the stability of both disease free and endemic equilibria. Stability occurs when the reproduction number, R0, is less than unity for both disease free and endemic equilibrium points. The global stability of the disease-free equilibrium point of the model is established whenever the basic reproduction number R0 is less than or equal to unity. The reproduction number is also shown to be directly related to the transmission probability (β), rate at which latently infected individuals join the infected class (δ) and rate of recruitment (Λ). It is inversely related to natural death rate (μ), rate of early treatment (τ1), rate of hospitalization of infected individuals (θ) and Covid-induced death rate (σ). The analytical results established are confirmed by numerical simulation of the model.
Education for Environmental Management
Authors: Fujinuma Tsukasa
Published: August 2021

Human cooperation is composed of forces as given objective causal factors and they are integrated by organization, which is oriented by subjectivity.
The Modalities to Develop an Educational System of Discovery, Innovation and Creativity
Authors: Phipps Ronald Preston
Published: August 2021

The world community, including both advanced and developing countries, modern and ancient cultures, are suffering from a crisis of test orientated, sterile education. During recent decades education theory has been preoccupied with modes of evaluation of students and teachers and has neglected the more central need for modalities that foster creativity, discovery and innovation in students. The role of curiosity and creativity are described as the Empress and Emperor in the Kingdom of Education. This paper holds that the seeds of research have to be planted during the Springtime of children's lives. The Essential role of reflection, collaborative research and collaborative learning through small and large group research, reflecting the initiative and interests of the students themselves, is asserted. The crucial attributes that must be cultivated in students are described, keeping in view the aim of education, namely, to foster the discovery, innovation and creativity that allow the creative advance of civilization.
Mysticism in the Fractal Structure of the Universe
Authors: Pichalakkattu Binoy
Published: August 2021

In this paper a critical enquiry is made into the mystical dimension of science with specific reference to contemporary developments in fractal Geometry. The paper begins with a historical synthesis of the mystical roots of science to see how science lost its mystical nature, especially in the modern era, corresponding to the emergence of a dualistics world-view in philosophy. However, contemporary science, very specially 'fractals', takes us to a mystical realm in which the dichotomised world-views of matter-spirit, finite-infinite, microcosm and macrocosm are blurred. Such a mystical understanding re-defines and transcends the traditional understanding of mysticism which is confined to the sacred spheres.
Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: Evaluation and Management of Well-Appearing Febrile Infants 8 to 60 Days Old
Authors: Shaughnessy Erin E , Shah Samir S
Published: August 2021

GUIDELINE TITLE: Evaluation and Management of Well-Appearing Febrile Infants 8 to 60 Days Old RELEASE DATE: August 1, 2021 PRIOR VERSION(S): n/a DEVELOPER: American Academy of Pediatrics FUNDING SOURCE: American Academy of Pediatrics TARGET POPULATION: Well-appearing, otherwise healthy infants with fever, ages 8 to 60 days, excluding those with prematurity (<37 wk gestation), focal bacterial infections except acute otitis media, high suspicion for herpes simplex virus (vesicles), clinical bronchiolitis
Vertical Lands and Horizontal Gods – Is East “East” and West “West”?
Authors: Mitsuru Haga
Published: August 2021

The article aims at characterizing vertical and horizontal types of cultural heritage dissemination. It offers an essayistic reflection on selected cultural examples from the East and the West which are relevant for the understanding of the multileveled and multidimensional nature of the role of cultural heritage in intercultural relations. The examples discussed in the article include: Buddhism, Hellenism, the history of Gdańsk/Danzing and the Great Empire of Manchuria. Although deliberately no final conclusions are drawn, the article provides a point of departure for a deeper understanding of cultural globalization.
Remedy for Perfectionism of Modern Western Culture or the Latest Design Trend?
Authors: Łaziuk Katarzyna
Published: August 2021

In an age of globalization phenomena, ideas or traditions considered typical for one culture may appear in another, or even in an entire cultural environment. Of course, as they adapt to the recipient culture, they will be different from what they were originally. In this essay, the author analyzes the phenomenon of the popularity of the Japanese philosophy known as wabi-sabi in Western culture, while, at the same time, contrasting the original Japanese understanding of this term with its western “translation.” The author also tries to answer the question of why wabi-sabi has been understood in this particular way — essentially as a design trend — and what are the causes and effects of such an understanding.
Speech Level Shifts in Japanese Discourse: An Approach from Politeness Theory
Authors: Yoko Kagami
Published: August 2021

“Speech level shift” is a phenomenon in which formal speech is used in casual conversations. This paper aims to clarify when and why this temporary shift occurs and considers whether its functions are unique to the Japanese language by employing the concept of “politeness theory”. According to this theory, a speaker has two choices of strategy for successful communication. The first, namely “positive politeness strategy” attempts to decrease their distance with the listener, while the second, “negative politeness strategy”, tries to maintain this distance. Using examples from a database of Japanese conversations, four functions of speech level shift based on politeness strategies were found. When the shift appears at the beginning or the end of a topic, its function is to reduce the suddenness of conversational transition, while in the case of communicating blame, criticism, or requests, the shift has the function of softening something hard to say. These two functions are based on negative politeness strategy. When the shift is used to emphasize something important in the conversation, its function is to make the speech clearer, while in the case of telling a joke, the shift can create an emotional connection through humor. These two functions are based on positive politeness strategy. In this way, speech level shifts in the Japanese language have four principal functions, which are explainable by theories developed internationally. This fact shows that there is a commonality between Japanese and other languages regarding the function of consideration for others.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of a phase three specialised heart failure cardiac rehabilitation programme on cardiovascular risk factor profile
Authors: Fallon Noeleen , Quirke Mary , Edgeworth Caroline , O'Mahony Rose , Flynn Nora , McGeary Patricia , Maher Vincent , Jones Victoria , McKee Gabrielle
Published: August 2021

Background/Aims

Cardiac rehabilitation has long been seen as effective for many cardiovascular diseases and, more recently, as having a positive impact on patients with heart failure. To evaluative the effectiveness of a phase three specialised heart failure cardiac rehabilitation programme on patients' cardiovascular risk factor profile.

Methods

This retrospective, longitudinal study examined profile factors of patients, pre- and post-cardiac rehabilitation programme. Patients with New York Heart Association class I–III, of any origin, were recruited through a specialised heart failure service to a 10-week exercise and education programme. Outcome variables included anxiety, depression, quality of life (Minnesota), 6-minute walking test result, blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, body mass index, Duke Activity Status Index and self-care, and were analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences using repeated measures t-test.

Results

100 patients were eligible and 85 patients completed the programmes. Mean age was 66 years, 80% male, 59% were New York Heart Association class I and 73% had ejection fraction of ≤40%. There was a significant improvement in 6-minute walking test, systolic blood pressure, quality of life and anxiety post programme.

Conclusions

In-hospital and out of hospital cardiac care has developed significantly, especially in acute symptom control. More recently, emphasis has been put on the long-term control of other risk factors. This study contributes to the literature indicating that attendance at a hospital-based phase three cardiac rehabilitation programme providing supervised, tailored exercise, with intensive education and psychological support, is effective in reducing risk factors and improving quality of life in patients with lower grades of heart failure.
Together with Baby: Supporting the parent–infant relationship
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: August 2021

A specialist parent–infant relationship team in Essex has been working with families since 2019. The recent evaluation report produced invaluable recommendations, as Dave Hancock explains
Agronomic performance of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu cultivated in clayey and sandy soil submitted to water and nutritional management
Authors: Ferreira Marco Antônio Alves , Esser Rodrigo , Santos Gilmar Oliveira , Tavares Rose Luiza Moraes
Published: August 2021

Water and nutrient supply, as well as the soil texture, are some of the challenges that affect forage yield. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu cropped in clayey and sandy soil submitted to water and nutritional management, in the municipality of Rio Verde, State of Goiás. The treatments consisted of a combination of soil with two textural classes (clayey and sandy), two levels of fertilization (A1: 30; 7 and 36 and A2: 45; 10.5 and 54 NPK per Mg DM, respectively), and seven water depths (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 125% and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc)), in four replicates. Crop performance was evaluated using SPAD index, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf/stem ratio, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and dry matter. The data were subjected to multivariate data analysis. The principal component analysis allowed to observe that the first principal component explained 68.94% of the data, being characterized for promoting the best crop performance in relation to leaf length and width, characteristics that reflect in the other assessed variables. Forage performed poorly in winter because of the limitation of the climatic conditions. A higher yield was observed in the dry matter submitted to depths greater than 100% of ETc, regardless of the soil texture and the level of fertilization.
Triple coding empowered FDMA-CDMA mode high-security CAOS camera
Authors: Riza Nabeel A. , Mazhar Mohsin A.
Published: August 2021

For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the hybrid triple coding empowered frequency division multiple access (FDMA)-code division multiple access (CDMA) mode of the coded access optical sensor (CAOS) camera is demonstrated. Compared to the independent FDMA and CDMA modes, the FDMA-CDMA mode has a novel high-security space-time-frequency triple signal encoding design for robust, faster, linear irradiance extraction at a moderately high dynamic range (HDR). Specifically, this hybrid mode simultaneously combines the linear HDR strength of the FDMA-mode fast Fourier transform (FFT) digital signal processing (DSP)-based spectrum analysis with the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) provided by the many simultaneous CAOS pixels’ photodetection of the CDMA mode. In particular, the demonstrated FDMA-CDMA mode with

P

FDMA channels provides a

P

times faster camera operation versus the equivalent linear HDR frequency modulation (FM)-CDMA mode. Visible band imaging experiments using a digital-micromirror-device-based CAOS camera operating in its passive light mode demonstrates a

P

=

4

channels FDMA-CDMA mode, illustrating high-quality image recovery of a calibrated 64 dB six-patch HDR target versus the CDMA and FM-CDMA CAOS modes, which limit dynamic range and speed, respectively. For the first time to our knowledge, we demonstrate the simultaneous dual image capture capability of the FDMA-CDMA mode using silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) large-area point photodetectors, allowing the capture of the ultraviolet–near-infrared 350–1,800 nm full spectrum. The active FDMA-CDMA mode CAOS camera operation is also demonstrated using

P

=

3

LED light sources, each with its unique optical spectral content driven by its independent FDMA frequency. This illuminated target spectral signature matched active CAOS mode allows simultaneous capture of

P

images without the use of

P

time-multiplexed slot operation tunable optical filters. Applications for such a FDMA-CDMA camera includes controlled light illumination food inspection to bright light exposure security systems.
Label-free ratiometric monitoring of interferon gamma dynamics with spectrally filtered Si photodiode pairs
Authors: Xiong Zheshun , Ren Kewei , Donnelly Matthew , You Mingxu , Xu Guangyu
Published: August 2021

We report a label-free ratiometric interferon gamma (IFN-γ) sensor based on spectrally filtered Si photodiode (PD) pairs anchored with aptamer probes. Our sensor can rapidly detect two-color fluorescence change resulting from the aptamer-IFN-γ binding events.
MEMS FTIR Parallel Spectrometer for Non-Invasive Skin Biochemistry Analysis
Authors: Salem Abdelrahman , Fathy Alaa , Othman Ahmed M. , Sabry Yasser , Khalil Diaa
Published: August 2021

MEMS FTIR parallel-core spectrometer is presented for biochemistry analysis. The fabricated chip comprising 2 interferometers shows an SNR of about 1000:1 on the human skin using diffuse reflectance interface and a single photodetector.
ATLID Atmospheric Lidar characterization and performance
Authors: Bravetti P. , de Villele G. , Corselle B. , Belhadj T. , Wallace K. , Do Carmo J. Pereira , Kanitz T. , Ghose K. , Chassat F. , Sapia A. , Bernaerts D.
Published: August 2021

ATLID, the atmospheric backscatter Lidar instrument of the EarthCARE mission and its diode pumped solid-state laser are presented, with a focus on its design, performance and characterization.
Gap Mode Tip-Enhanced Raman and AFM Imaging of RNA Strands
Authors: He Zhe , Qiu Weiwei , Kizer Megan E. , Wang Jizhou , Sokolov Alexei V. , Wang Xing , Hu Jonathan , Scully Marlan O.
Published: August 2021

Gap-mode tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) maps molecules with a high resolution. In this work, we demonstrate Raman spectroscopic imaging of RNA strands using TERS in comparison with atomic force microscopy.
Photothermal Characterization of Au/BaTiO3 Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Bijeesh M. M. , Shakhi P. K. , Arunkarthick S. , Varier Geetha K. , Nandakumar P.
Published: August 2021

We report on the development of a photothermal microscope capable of detecting and characterizing nonfluorescent metallic nanoparticles in a nanocomposite film. The distribution and number density of gold nanoparticles in Au/BaTiO3 nanocomposite films synthesized with different Au/Ba molar ratio is studied by the microscope.
Fractal Superconducting Nanowire Avalanche Photodetectors with 84% System Efficiency at 1600 nm, 1.02 Polarization Sensitivity, and 29 ps Timing Resolution
Authors: Meng Yun , Zou Kai , Hu Nan , Xu Liang , Lan Xiaojian , Steinhauer Stephan , Gyger Samuel , Zwiller Val , Hu Xiaolong
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate a fractal superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with 84% system efficiency at 1600 nm, 1.02 polarization sensitivity, and 29 ps timing resolution, which have never been simultaneously achieved before.
Fiber Laser Based Dual-Comb Spectroscopy with Dynamically Controlled Spectral Resolution
Authors: Giorgetta Fabrizio R. , Deschênes J.-D. , Coddington Ian , Newbury Nathan R. , Baumann Esther
Published: August 2021

A versatile method of dual-comb spectroscopy is presented. Digital control of the comb frequencies enables dynamically adaptable spectrometer resolution to efficiently match a sample’s feature width, optimizing the system for new applications.
Integrated Dielectric Micro-Optical Elements on VCSELs Using Grayscale Photolithography
Authors: Kumar Raman , Lakomy Katherine , North William , Strzebonski Pawel , Choquette Kent D.
Published: August 2021

We present fabrication of silicon nitride integrated micro-optical elements on VCSELs using grayscale photolithography and dry etching. The optical characteristics of VCSELs with spirals are investigated.
A Double-Pass Cavity-Enhanced Spectrometer with a Polarization Analyzed Readout
Authors: Guan Yajie , Bandutunga Chathura , Gray Malcolm B. , Chow Jong H.
Published: August 2021

We describe a new optical cavity-enhanced spectroscopy technique which uses a polarization analyzed readout for molecular absorption. It has a double-pass cavity configuration which serves as both a spatial as well as frequency mode self-cleaner. We demonstrate a quantum noise-equivalent absorption sensitivity of ~3x10-13 /√Hz /cm, with a sample of carbon dioxide gas in a cavity of finesse ~2000.
Ultra Close Range Localized Surface Plasmon Coupling with Multiple Quantum Well towards Photoluminescence Intensity Enhancement of Micro-LED
Authors: Du Zaifa , Guo Weiling , Wang Le , Xiong Fangzhu , Tang Penghao , Sun Jie
Published: August 2021

A strategy for the application of localized surface plasmon to Micro-LED is proposed in this paper. The quantum wells region is exposed by direct etching and Ag nanoparticles is used to generate localized surface plasmon.
From Single to Multi-scaled Periodic Surface Structure: Towards Multifunctional Surfaces Using Laser Based Microfabrication Methods
Authors: Lasagni Andrés Fabián , Milles Stephan , Zwahr Christoph
Published: August 2021

This study reports on the fabrication functionalized surfaces with enhanced properties using micro and nano-topographical features produced using laser based fabrication methods. By the combination of different structural elements, multifunctional surfaces are also produced.
Design and Fabrication of 3D Interconnects for Photonic Neuronal Networks Using Two-Photon Polimerization
Authors: Adão Ricardo M. R. , Romeira Bruno , Nieder Jana B.
Published: August 2021

Photonic neuromorphic networks composed of spiking nanolight sources require novel approaches for compact and efficient optical interconnection. We design, simulate and fabricate 3D polymer waveguides and obtain promising elevated structures suited for complex waveguide crossings.
Distributed Intrinsic Fabry-Pérot Fiber Interferometers for ultrasonic vibration measurement
Authors: Li Yuqi , Zhao Kehao , Zhao Jieru , Buric Michael , Wright Ruishu , Chen Kevin P.
Published: August 2021

This paper demonstrates a robust and low-cost interrogation method for distributed ultrasonic vibration measurements using multiplexable intrinsic Fabry-Pérot fiber interferometers for high frequency measurements up to 20 kHz.
Simulating Fast Dynamics In Distributed Acoustic Sensing Using Finite Difference Time Domain Method
Authors: Prasanth P. P. , Sasikumar N. , Venkitesh D. , Srinivasan B.
Published: August 2021

We introduce a FDTD method to simulate dynamic phase evolution of back-scattered radiation in Distributed Acoustic sensing system and demonstrate its use for de-tecting high frequency perturbations.
Glass-to- Aluminum Joints Using Industrial Nanosecond IR Fiber Lasers
Authors: Floropoulos Panagiotis , Karoutsos Vagelis , Tourlouki Konstantina , Papanicolaou George , Alexandropoulos Dimitris
Published: August 2021

We report for the first time to our knowledge nanosecond laser welding of glass to aluminum using an industrial nanosecond IR fiber laser source with weld strength of 12.01 Nmm-2.
A Concept Study on Time-Gated Raman Spectroscopy for the Process Industry
Authors: Fritsch T. , Tebrügge J. , Förster J. , Wacker P. , Rüger J. , Schie I. , Weber K. , Popp J. , Ohrem J. , Ostertag E. , Boldrini B. , Rebner K. , Prüfer H.
Published: August 2021

A time-gated Raman spectrometer designed to meet the requirements of a hygienic industrial process analyzer is presented. It is shown that fluorescence effects can be discriminated effectively to reveal the superimposed Raman spectrum.
Bidirectional Broadband Coupler for On-Chip Interferometer based OCT
Authors: Widhianto Benedictus Yohanes Bagus , Hsu Shih-Hsiang
Published: August 2021

A bidirectional 3-dB coupler in the interferometer based on-chip optical coherence tomography demonstrates a broad and flat 200-nm wavelength response through the particle swarm numerical optimization, which could maintain the axial resolution and sensitivity.
Writing Photonic Components in Polymers Using Femtosecond Pulses
Authors: Perevoznik Dmitrii , Bose Surajit , Burger Sven , Demircan Ayhan , Morgner Uwe
Published: August 2021

Polymer waveguides are designed and fabricated through femtosecond laser writing. We optimize the structure to achieve single-mode waveguides with minimum propagation losses of 0.6 dBcm−1. We also demonstrated challenging Y-splitters through this novel technique.
Networked Swept-Source Raman Sensors
Authors: Persits Nili , Kim Jaehwan , Gray Dodd , Li Zheng , Atabaki Amir , Ram Rajeev J.
Published: August 2021

Raman spectroscopy with large-area, spectrally-selective detectors and tunable lasers enables distributed chemical sensing where excitation light can be delivered via optical datacom networks. Distributed sensing over 100’s of meters and multiple locations is demonstrated.
A Flattened Luneburg Lens for the THz Region
Authors: Amarasinghe Yasith , Mendis Rajind , Shrestha Rabi , Guerboukha Hichem , Taiber Jochen , Koch Martin , Mittleman Daniel M.
Published: August 2021

We describe a Luneburg lens modified with quasi-conformal transformation optics. This device offers the possibility for wide-angle beam steering and reception over a broad bandwidth in the terahertz range.
Intracellular Doppler Spectroscopy and Deep Learning for Personalized Cancer Care
Authors: Nolte David , An Ran
Published: August 2021

Doppler infrared spectroscopy of intracellular dynamics in living tumor tissue detects speeds down to nanometers per second (10 mHz) and up to microns per second (10 Hz) associated with a full range of cellular processes. Changes in these dynamics have specific Doppler signatures that depend on the applied cancer drugs and the sensitivity of the patient to treatment. However, strong intra-tumor heterogeneity poses a significant challenge to machine-learning classifiers. Here, we describe a Twin Deep Network (TDN) that can be trained to identify these signatures in the presence of strong heterogeneous background to accurately predict patient response to therapy. The TDN is applied to a clinical trial of HER2neg breast-cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. This work provides insight into the value of Deep Learning for advanced data analytics as the volume and variety of data from optics-based assays grows.
Circumventing the optical diffraction limit using customized speckles
Authors: Bender Nicholas , Sun Mengyuan , Yilmaz Hasan , Bewersdorf Joerg , Cao Hui
Published: August 2021

We design and create special speckle patterns for parallelized nonlinear patternillumination microscopy based on fluorescence photoswitching. In a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration, we obtain a spatial resolution three times higher than the diffraction limit.
Direct observation of trapped ion micromotion and multi-qubits state with a TimePix3cam single-photon sensitive camera.
Authors: Zhukas Liudmila A. , Millican Maverick J. , Svihra Peter , Nomerotski Andrei , Blinov Boris B.
Published: August 2021

Here we demonstrate the use of Tpx3cam, a novel single-photon sensitive camera, in trapped ion experiments. We perform detection of multiple-qubit state as well as observation of micromotion in a linear ion chain.
Design and Fabrication of Silicon Gratings for the Optical Addressing of Trapped Ion Qubits
Authors: Lim Yu Dian , Li Hong Yu , Zhao Peng , Tao Jing , Guidoni Luca , Tan Chuan Seng
Published: August 2021

Grating couplers are fabricated for the optical addressing of trapped ion qubits, where their respective feasibility is evaluated. From the obtained results, optical addressing of 1 to 2 ions is possible along various axes.
Polarization Sensitive Quantum Optical Coherence Tomography: Birefringence Imaging
Authors: Sukharenko Vitaly , Bikorimana Simeon , Dorsinville Roger
Published: August 2021

Polarization sensitive quantum optical coherence tomography (QOCT) is used to characterize birefringence and path length differences in a flat transparent plastic sample.
Improved Machine Learning Algorithms for Optimizing Coherent Pulse Stacking Amplification
Authors: Du Weizhi , Hyeon Eunjeong , Pei Hanzhang , Huang Zhengyu , Cheong YeonJoon , Zheng Siyuan , Galvanauskas Almantas
Published: August 2021

We apply momentum stochastic parallel gradient descent (MSPGD) and policy gradient algorithms to optimize coherent pulse stacking (CPS), and demonstrate their increased effectiveness compared to traditionally used stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm.
Synchronizable, low-jitter, picosecond Ho:fiber NALM oscillator for Ho:YLF amplifier driven electron acceleration
Authors: Mahnke Christoph , Hua Yi , Ma Yuxuan , Salman Sarper , Lamb Thorsten , Schulz Sebastian , Heyl Christoph M. , Cankaya Huseyin , Hartl Ingmar
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate a 41.6 MHz, 1.3 ps, 140 pJ Ho:fiber oscillator centered at 2050 nm for seeding Ho:YLF amplifiers. RIN and timing jitter of the oscillator are characterized while comparing two commercial Tm pump lasers.
Microstructures with designable temperature-dependent thermal emission
Authors: Audhkhasi Romil , Povinelli Michelle L.
Published: August 2021

We propose gold – vanadium dioxide microstructures to achieve structurally tunable difference in thermal radiated power between low and high temperature states. We use our emitters to design metasurfaces for which the spatial emission pattern can be inverted with temperature.
Reconfigurable near-infrared metasurfaces using phase-change materials
Authors: Abdollahramezani Sajjad , Hemmatyar Omid , Taghinejad Hossein , Zhu Muliang , Gallmon Alexander , Adibi Ali
Published: August 2021

We experimentally demonstrate a tunable hybrid metasurface benefiting from phase-change materials and plasmon hybridization for non-volatile optical modulation. We also leverage machine learning algorithms to study the effect of structural parameters on the optical performance.
Analogue Optical Simulation of the 2D Ising Model in an External Magnetic field
Authors: Biswas Aneek , McPhee Tommaso , Miri Mohammad-Ali , Cognee Kevin , Menon Vinod
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate a method to implement a Zeeman term to the 2D-Ising Hamiltonian in a spatial Ising machine. An NP-complete problem of the 2D-Ising spin-glass in an external magnetic field is studied.
Smith-Purcell Metasurface Lens
Authors: Karnieli Aviv , Roitman Dolev , Liebtrau Matthias , Tsesses Shai , Van Nielen Nika , Polman Albert , Kaminer Ido , Arie Ady
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate focused emission of visible and near-infrared Smith-Purcell radiation by a free-electron-driven metasurface lens emitter. Our findings pave the way for free-electron light sources focusing at wavelengths lacking efficient optics.
Sensing Magnetic Field with Light and Nanomechanics
Authors: Lan Guoqiang , Ou Jun-Yu , Plum Eric
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate an optical magnetic field sensor based on a metamaterial-microcavity. Actuation of the microcavity by the magnetic Lorentz force controls its reflectivity. Such sensors promise microscale spatial, millisecond temporal and microtesla magnetic field resolution.
Mode-locked Ho3+-doped fiber laser with a dumbbell-shaped cavity
Authors: Filatova Serafima A. , Kamynin Vladimir A. , Gladush Yuriy G. , Khabushev Eldar M. , Krasnikov Dmitry V. , Nasibulin Albert G. , Tsvetkov Vladimir B.
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate a mode-locked holmium-doped fiber laser with a dumbbell-shaped cavity. Unlike the ring or linear schemes, the dumbbell-shaped design is simple and doesn't contain expensive, and subject to radiation damage optical components.
Selective BTEX Measurements Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Mhanna Mhanna , Sy Mohamed , Farooq Aamir
Published: August 2021

A laser sensor is developed for selective and simultaneous BTEX measurements. It is based on a DFB-ICL near 3.3 µm and deep neural networks (DNNs) to differentiate broad absorbance spectra of BTEX species.
Multimodal Microscopy Methods for Growth Cartilage
Authors: Mürer Fredrik K. , Tekseth Kim R. B. , Hasanzade Mojde , Schnell Knut O. B. , Akram M. Nadeem , Lilledahl Magnus B. , Olstad Kristin , Chattopadhyay Basab , Breiby Dag W.
Published: August 2021

Unstained microscopy of growth cartilage microstructure is crucial for understanding bone formation and related diseases. Here, we compare imaging modalities with unconventional contrast mechanisms applied to the epiphyseal bone-cartilage interface and highlight their comparative merits.
High Q-factor microring resonator using local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) and adiabatic geometry
Authors: Nijem Jinan , Naiman Alex , Zektzer Roy , Frydendahl Christian , Mazurski Noa , Levy Uriel
Published: August 2021

A single mode adiabatic microring resonator fabricated using local oxidation of silicon technique (LOCOS) is proposed and demonstrated. An ultrahigh loaded Q-factor of ~1 Million with a free spectral range of 2nm is achieved.
Thickness identification of 2D materials by machine learning assisted optical microscopy
Authors: Sirico Daniele Gaetano , Acampora Giovanni , Maddalena Pasqualino , Gesuele Felice
Published: August 2021

We report a rapid and cost-effective method for the identification of the thickness of two-dimensional materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides. Our technique is based on the analysis of the optical contrast by means of machine learning algorithms and it is well suited for accurate characterization of 2D materials over large areas.
Simultaneous Wavelength Conversion of Multiple WDM channels Using Silicon-rich Nitride Waveguide
Authors: Roy Mrinmoy , Mishina Ken , Maruta Akihiro
Published: August 2021

We propose an all-optical simultaneous wavelength conversion method using silicon-rich nitride waveguides. A successful wavelength conversion of 8-channel×64-Gb/s QPSK signals from C-band to S-band with a power penalty < 0.3 dB is demonstrated.
Elimination of second-order Zeeman shift in thulium optical clock by simultaneous interrogation of two clock transitions
Authors: Tregubov D. , Golovizin A. , Fedorova E. , Mishin D. , Provorchenko D. , Khabarova K. , Sorokin V. , Kolachevsky N.
Published: August 2021

We eliminate the largest systematic shift in thulium optical clock — the second-order Zeeman shift — using average frequency of two clock transitions. This reduces the total systematic shift down to mHz level.
Miniaturized optical measuring probe for the detection of drop sizes in steam turbines
Authors: Prochnau Marcel , Grubert Nicole , Andres Simon , Holters Martin , Stollenwerk Jochen , Loosen Peter
Published: August 2021

The miniaturization of optical systems enables new applications. The potential of SLE to produce mechanical mounts for miniaturized optical systems will be demonstrated by an optical measuring probe for the determination of drop size distribution.
Design and Analysis of Polarization Insensitive O-Band Bulk SOA for active-passive photonic circuits
Authors: Zali Aref Rasoulzadeh , Stabile Ripalta , Calabretta Nicola
Published: August 2021

We design and numerically analyze low polarization sensitive bulk-SOA in the O-band suitable for co-integration with passive waveguides/circuits. Low polarization dependent gain (<1.5dB) is achieved with 20dB average gain and 11dBm output saturation power.
Sensing vector and Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes from the randomly scattered light fields
Authors: Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: August 2021

Propagation of light through random scattering medium scrambles information and generates randomness. This paper covers some of our works towards measuring incident light modes from the random pattern.
Entanglement-Assisted Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Shi Haowei , Zhang Zheshen , Pirandola Stefano , Zhuang Quntao
Published: August 2021

We propose a practical transmitter-receiver system that exploits entanglement to achieve a provable quantum advantage over all spectrometers based on classical sources. The quantum advantage is robust against noise and loss.
Perovskite Based Hyperbolic Metamaterials: a New Avenue in Perovskite Photonics
Authors: Basak Supratim , Bar-On Ofer , Scheuer Jacob
Published: August 2021

Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) exhibiting direct-transition from type-I to type-II in the mid-visible region are realized for the first time. These devices are characterized using angle resolved transmission and reflection measurements with excellent agreement with simulations.
Zettawatt Equivalent Ultrashort pulse laser System: An NSF mid-scale facility for laser-driven science in the QED regime
Authors: Nees John , Maksimchuk Anatoly , Kalinchenko Galina , Hou Bixue , Ma Yong , Campbell Paul , McKelvey Andrew , Willingale Louise , Jovanovic Igor , Kuranz Carolyn , Thomas Alexander , Krushelnick Karl
Published: August 2021

Zettawatt Equivalent Ultrashort pulse laser System (ZEUS): The National Science Foundation’s mid-scale 3PW laser facility for exploration of relativistic plasmas, nonlinear quantum electrodynamics, and other extreme high-field phenomena is described.
Study of Optical Forces Induced by Graphene Plasmonic Resonators on Nanoparticles near Their ENZ Frequencies
Authors: Paul Puspita , Liu Peter Q.
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate that optical forces induced by graphene plasmonic resonators on nanoparticles of Lorentz model materials are significantly larger than forces on dielectric nanoparticles. Such optical forces also exhibit intriguing characteristics around the ENZ frequencies.
Laser Diodes as Reliable Pump Source for Space-Borne Methane Remote Sensing Lidar System
Authors: Häusler K. , Staske R. , Maaßdorf A. , Ressel P. , Stölmacker C. , Tränkle G. , Crump P.
Published: August 2021

Laser diode minibars for QCW pumping Nd:YAG at 63 W were developed for the satellite MERLIN and subjected to accelerated life test. Evaluating 320 single emitters indicates a reliability of 99.99% during the mission lifetime.
Nanosecond 2.73-µm Parametric Source for Pumping LWIR OPCPA
Authors: Xiao Xuan , Nees John , Huang Hao , Jovanovic Igor
Published: August 2021

A 31-mJ, 9.6-ns, 2.73-µm parametric source is demonstrated, producing a supergaussian spatial profile with M2 = 2.8. The source is further sliced to 1-ns pulses, providing favorable characteristics for LWIR OPCPA pumping.
Self-illuminated and Self-synchronized Image Up-conversion system by SHG based on a Passively Q-Switched Laser with an Intra-cavity Telescopic Configuration
Authors: Capmany Juan , Torregrosa Adrian J. , Maestre Haroldo , Rico Maria Luisa
Published: August 2021

We present a self-illuminated and self-synchronized image up-conversion system with an average power enhancement in the up-converted image. It is based on a Nd3+:YVO +V3+4 :YAG passively Q-Switched laser at 1342 nm. The system provides up-conversion of an infrared image to its second harmonic by intra-cavity SHG in a KTP crystal. Although Q-switching a given continuous-wave laser leads to lowering its average power, we have derived a condition to achieve an enhancement in the average power of the up-converted image. To check experimentally the condition derived, we make use of an intra-cavity telescope that allows fulfilling the condition without affecting image resolution.
Colour Tunable Graded Index Refractory Metal-Oxide Metamaterials
Authors: Perkins Joshua , Gholipour Behrad
Published: August 2021

We present refractory metal-oxide metamaterials realized using annealing techniques that exhibit vibrant colour arising from the subwavelength graded refractive index structure which can be realized across large lateral dimensions for data storage and sensing applications.
Finesse-Enhanced Measurement of Thermal Capillary-Waves at Liquid-Phase Boundaries
Authors: Haber Elad , Douvidzon Mark , Carmon Tal
Published: August 2021

We report on a device, that optically interrogates capillary. Our resolution scales with wavelength divided by cavity finesse and achives angstrom scale resolution. We show preliminary results in distinguishing between viscosities.
Classical Filters in Integrated Waveguides with Coupled Sagnac Loop Reflectors
Authors: Arianfard Hamed , Wu Jiayang , Juodkazis Saulius , Moss David J.
Published: August 2021

We present a theoretical design of high performance Butterworth, Bessel, Chebyshev, and elliptic filters in integrated silicon photonic nanowire resonators. We use mode interference in three parallel waveguide coupled Sagnac loop reflectors, tailored to achieve broad filtering bandwidths together with high roll-off for these classic filters.
Quantum random number generation combining intensity fluctuations with phase fluctuations of a DFB laser
Authors: Xiang Shunkai , Liu Wei , Zhang Xi , Wang Jian
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate a quantum random number generation (QRNG) scheme combining intensity fluctuations with phase fluctuations of a DFB laser. We experimentally verify the best phase difference of the unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (uMZI) for the best QRNG performance.
Single-shot dual-wavelength Polarized Microscope to detect Malaria-infected Erythrocytes via birefringence response
Authors: Lopera Maria Josef , Pabón Adriana , Trujillo Carlos A.
Published: August 2021

The implementation of a dual-wavelength polarized microscope to obtain the birefringence response of Malaria-infected Erythrocytes is presented. By retrieving the dichroism images of blood samples, those containing the Plasmodium parasite can be detected.
High-speed Wavelength-dependent Speckle Generator Applied to Compressive Video Sensing
Authors: Shi Wanxin , Hu Chengyang , Yang Sigang , Chen Minghua , Chen Hongwei
Published: August 2021

A high-speed wavelength-dependent speckle generator with the refreshing rate up to 100MHz is proposed. This can be used for compressive video sensing for recovering high-speed moving scenes from one blurred image.
Ultrafast dynamics of coherent optical phonons and phonon-polaritons in a LiNbO3 crystal observed by reflective pump-probe spectroscopy based on electro-optic sampling
Authors: Abulikemu Aizitiaili , Fukuda Takumi , Hase Muneaki
Published: August 2021

Ultrafast dynamics of low-frequency phonon polariton A-mode, longitudinal-optic (LO) modes, transverse-optic (TO) modes, and low and high-frequency E-modes in x-cut lithium niobate crystal have been studied using reflection-type pump-probe spectroscopy with an electro-optic sampling technique.
Dwell time and spin relaxation probability of Rb atoms on anti-spin-relaxation coatings
Authors: Asakawa Kanta , Tanaka Yutaro , Uemura Kenta , Matsuzaka Norihiro , Nishikawa Kunihiro , Oguma Yuki , Usui Hiroaki , Hatakeyama Atsushi
Published: August 2021

The scattering of Rb atoms on paraffin coatings was studied. The results showed that the increase of surface dwell time by cooling from 305 to 123 K is smaller than 2.3 × 10−6 s.
Nonmetallic broadband visible-light absorbers with polarization and incident angle insensitivity
Authors: Yu Yue , Yu Zejie , Sun Xiankai
Published: August 2021

We proposed nonmetallic broadband visible-light absorbers based on alternating SiO2/InAs thin films on SiO2 substrate, where average absorption of 97% in 300–850 nm could be achieved with insensitivity to light polarization and incident angles.
Linear optical quantum information processing via stacked micro-ring resonators
Authors: Pennacchietti Matteo P. , Tait Alex N. , Shastri Bhavin J.
Published: August 2021

Here we propose an architecture for path encoded photonic quantum informa- tion processing based on micro-ring resonators. This scheme increases on-chip component density and more naturally incorporates error mitigation, when compared to the Mach- Zehnder Interferometer approach.
Time-resolved Measurement of Power Transfer in Plasma Amplifier Experiments on NIF
Authors: Poole P. L. , Kirkwood R. K , Wilks S. C. , Chapman T. D. , Kalantar D. , Edwards M. , Michel P. , Divol L. , Bude J. , Blue B. E. , Fournier K. B. , Van Wonterghem B. M. , Fisch N. , Norreys P. , Rozmus W.
Published: August 2021

Beam combination via an ion wave plasma optic is discussed, including measurement of the power transfer (pump depletion and seed amplification) for several seed pulse durations and total pump energies, with accompanying simulation studies.
Localized and Propagating Modes on Coupled Nanoridge Array Metasurfaces
Authors: Palei Milan , Haug John , Goswami Anjan , Shrout Joshua D. , Bohn Paul W. , Narimanov Evgenii , Hoffman Anthony J.
Published: August 2021

Arrays of coupled nanorod are fabricated and characterized via wavelength-dependent ellipsometry. Coupling between nanoridges, controlled by the nanoridge spacing, alters the modal dispersion.
Quantum state tomography at the Tsirelson bound
Authors: Kavuri Gautam A. , Mazurek Michael D. , Stevens Martin J. , Mirin Richard P. , Nam Sae Woo , Shalm Lynden K.
Published: August 2021

We compare the results of linear and maximum likelihood tomography for a polarization-entangled photon pair source that is close to the Tsirelson bound. We introduce a new density matrix representation to better make this comparison.
Optical Signal Processing Performance Dependence on Non- Ideal MZI Operation in a Tapped-Delay-Line
Authors: Alishahi F. , Fallahpour A. , Zou K. , Minoofar A. , Zhou H. , Liu C. , Tur M. , Habif J. , Willner A. E.
Published: August 2021

An optical tapped-delay-line based on a cascade of MZI under non-ideal operation is simulated. The effect of different non-ideal conditions on FIR filtering metrics and analog or digital signal qualities is investigated.
Point-of-Care SERS Sensing of Illicit Drug Residue using In- situ Growth Silver Nanoparticles on Diatomaceous Photonic Crystals
Authors: Zhang Boxin , Hou Xingwei , Wang Alan X.
Published: August 2021

Point-of-care sensing of illicit drug residue is demonstrated with a portable Raman spectrometer using in-situ growth silver nanoparticles on diatomaceous photonic crystals. By chemometric analyses, we achieved ultra-sensitive detection of fentanyl in tap water.
Generating single photon pulses from a quantum dot using a continuous wave laser and an electro-optic modulator
Authors: Anderson Paul , Bharadwaj Divya , Maruf Rubayet Al , Qiu Jiawei , Yuan Yujia , Semnani Behrooz , Reimer Michael , Bajcsy Michal
Published: August 2021

We report the generation of single-photon pulses from an InAsP quantum dot utilizing a CW diode laser and a fiber electro-optic modulator as a pump in lieu of a pulsed picosecond Ti;Sapphire laser.
Optimization of Broadband Λ-type Quantum Memory Using Gaussian Pulses
Authors: Shinbrough Kai , Hunt Benjamin , Lorenz Virginia O.
Published: August 2021

We optimize the efficiency of broadband Λ-type quantum memories under the restriction of Gaussian-shape optical fields. We demonstrate an experimentally-simple path to enhancing memory efficiency over a wide range of broadband memory parameters.
Fundamental limits to the excitation of polaritons in thin films
Authors: Dias Eduardo J. C. , de Abajo F. Javier García
Published: August 2021

Polaritonic modes in two-dimensional van der Waals materials display short in-plane wavelengths compared with light in free space. However, such large confinement is accompanied by poor in/out optical coupling, which severely limits the application of polaritons in practical devices. Here, we quantify the coupling strength between light and 2D polaritons in thin films using accurate rigorous analytical methods. In particular, we obtain universal expressions for the cross sections associated with photon−polariton coupling by point and line defects, as well as with polariton extinction and scattering processes. Additionally, we find closed-form constraints that limit the maximum possible values of these cross sections. Our results bear fundamental interest for the development of 2D polaritonics and the design of applications based on these excitations.