bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Continuous Object Boundary Detection and Tracking Scheme for Failure-Prone Sensor Networks
Authors: Imran Sajida , Ko Young-Bae
Published: February 2017

In wireless sensor networks, detection and tracking of continuous natured objects is more challenging owing to their unique characteristics such as uneven expansion and contraction. A continuous object is usually spread over a large area, and, therefore, a substantial number of sensor nodes are needed to detect the object. Nodes communicate with each other as well as with the sink to exchange control messages and report their detection status. The sink performs computations on the received data to estimate the object boundary. For accurate boundary estimation, nodes at the phenomenon boundary need to be carefully selected. Failure of one or multiple boundary nodes (BNs) can significantly affect the object detection and boundary estimation accuracy at the sink. We develop an efficient failure-prone object detection approach that not only detects and recovers from BN failures but also reduces the number and size of transmissions without compromising the boundary estimation accuracy. The proposed approach utilizes the spatial and temporal features of sensor nodes to detect object BNs. A Voronoi diagram-based network clustering, and failure detection and recovery scheme is used to increase boundary estimation accuracy. Simulation results show the significance of our approach in terms of energy efficiency, communication overhead, and boundary accuracy.
Uncertainty Analysis in Humidity Measurements by the Psychrometer Method
Authors: Chen Jiunyuan , Chen Chiachung
Published: February 2017

The most common and cheap indirect technique to measure relative humidity is by using psychrometer based on a dry and a wet temperature sensor. In this study, the measurement uncertainty of relative humidity was evaluated by this indirect method with some empirical equations for calculating relative humidity. Among the six equations tested, the Penman equation had the best predictive ability for the dry bulb temperature range of 15–50 °C. At a fixed dry bulb temperature, an increase in the wet bulb depression increased the error. A new equation for the psychrometer constant was established by regression analysis. This equation can be computed by using a calculator. The average predictive error of relative humidity was <0.1% by this new equation. The measurement uncertainty of the relative humidity affected by the accuracy of dry and wet bulb temperature and the numeric values of measurement uncertainty were evaluated for various conditions. The uncertainty of wet bulb temperature was the main factor on the RH measurement uncertainty.
From Sensor Networks to Internet of Things. Bluetooth Low Energy, a Standard for This Evolution
Authors: Hortelano Diego , Olivares Teresa , Ruiz M. , Garrido-Hidalgo Celia , López Vicente
Published: February 2017

Current sensor networks need to be improved and updated to satisfy new essential requirements of the Internet of Things, where cutting-edge applications will appear. These requirements are: total coverage, zero fails (high performance), scalability and sustainability (hardware and software). We are going to evaluate Bluetooth Low Energy as wireless transmission technology and as the ideal candidate for these improvements, due to its low power consumption, its low cost radio chips and its ability to communicate with users directly, using their smartphones or smartbands. However, this technology is relatively recent, and standard network topologies are not able to fulfil its new requirements. To address these shortcomings, the implementation of other more flexible topologies (as the mesh topology) will be very interesting. After studying it in depth, we have identified certain weaknesses, for example, specific devices are needed to provide network scalability, and the need to choose between high performance or sustainability. In this paper, after presenting the studies carried out on these new technologies, we propose a new packet format and a new BLE mesh topology, with two different configurations: Individual Mesh and Collaborative Mesh. Our results show how this topology improves the scalability, sustainability, coverage and performance.
Design of Novel FBG-Based Sensor of Differential Pressure with Magnetic Transfer
Authors: Lyu Guohui , Che Guohang , Li Junqing , Jiang Xu , Wang Keda , Han Yueqiang , Gao Laixu
Published: February 2017

In this paper, a differential pressure sensor with magnetic transfer is proposed, in which the non-electric measurement based on the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with the position limiting mechanism is implemented without the direct contact of the sensing unit with the measuring fluid. The test shows that the designed sensor is effective for measuring differential pressure in the range of 0~10 kPa with a sensitivity of 0.0112 nm/kPa, which can be used in environments with high temperature, strong corrosion and high overload measurements.
Performance Analysis of Physical Layer Security of Opportunistic Scheduling in Multiuser Multirelay Cooperative Networks
Authors: Shim Kyusung , Do Nhu , An Beongku
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we study the physical layer security (PLS) of opportunistic scheduling for uplink scenarios of multiuser multirelay cooperative networks. To this end, we propose a low-complexity, yet comparable secrecy performance source relay selection scheme, called the proposed source relay selection (PSRS) scheme. Specifically, the PSRS scheme first selects the least vulnerable source and then selects the relay that maximizes the system secrecy capacity for the given selected source. Additionally, the maximal ratio combining (MRC) technique and the selection combining (SC) technique are considered at the eavesdropper, respectively. Investigating the system performance in terms of secrecy outage probability (SOP), closed-form expressions of the SOP are derived. The developed analysis is corroborated through Monte Carlo simulation. Numerical results show that the PSRS scheme significantly improves the secure ability of the system compared to that of the random source relay selection scheme, but does not outperform the optimal joint source relay selection (OJSRS) scheme. However, the PSRS scheme drastically reduces the required amount of channel state information (CSI) estimations compared to that required by the OJSRS scheme, specially in dense cooperative networks.
Fat People of Color: Emergent Intersectional Discourse Online
Authors: Williams Apryl
Published: February 2017

Though the general populace has been introduced to the idea of thin privilege, the fat activist movement has been slow in gaining momentum. This is due, in part, to the symbolic annihilation of “fat” people in media. Within the fat activist framework, women of color are often further excluded from the overarching discourse and white privilege is sometimes unacknowledged. Taking an intersectional approach, I examine the Tumblr page, Fat People of Color. I use Critical Technocultural Discourse Analysis (CTDA) to examine the images and conversations posted by users. Findings reveal that Fat People of Color uses an intersectional, communal approach to posit counter-narratives against normative ideas about white thinness. This research contributes to an understudied area of sociological inquiry by presenting an analysis of the experience of “fat” women of color within a feminist framework. Ignoring the variation of experiences strengthens the types of privileges that fat activism and feminism hope to dismantle.
Plans and Living Practices for the Green Campus of Portland State University
Authors: Choi Yoon , Oh Minjung , Kang Jihye , Lutzenhiser Loren
Published: February 2017

This study aims to comprehend Portland State University (PSU)’s green campus strategies, and students’ level of knowledge and living practices relating to green campus. PSU’s sustainable campus plan has been nationally and internationally recognized. A literature review, field investigation, and interviews were conducted to ascertain the PSU green campus strategies. This study also used a survey to understand students’ level of knowledge and practices. The survey results were analyzed by SPSS. Green campus projects at PSU were operated by official organizations and funded according to PSU’s long term plans in 12 multilateral categories: administration, energy, water, climate action, green buildings, green purchasing, waste reduction and recycling, food and dining services, transportation, land use, action, and education and student activity. The survey results show that the level of students’ understanding about PSU’s green campus strategies was somewhat low, but the amount of practice of a sustainable lifestyle was higher. Students who had taken courses related with sustainability or were engaged in sustainable activities had more knowledge about green campus strategies than students who had not. Therefore, it would be important to focus more on educating students and developing related programs in order to have more positive effects of green campus projects.
Scheduling Optimization of Home Health Care Service Considering Patients’ Priorities and Time Windows
Authors: Du Gang , Liang Xi , Sun Chuanwang
Published: February 2017

As a new service model, home health care can provide effective health care by adopting door-to-door service. The reasonable arrangements for nurses and their routes not only can reduce medical expenses, but also can enhance patient satisfaction. This research focuses on the home health care scheduling optimization problem with known demands and service capabilities. Aimed at minimizing the total cost, an integer programming model was built in this study, which took both the priorities of patients and constraints of time windows into consideration. The genetic algorithm with local search was used to solve the proposed model. Finally, a case study of Shanghai, China, was conducted for the empirical analysis. The comparison results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and methodology, which can provide the decision support for medical administrators of home health care.
Energy Consumption Analysis for Concrete Residences—A Baseline Study in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Kuo-Liang , Jan Ming-Young , Liao Chien-Sen
Published: February 2017

Estimating building energy consumption is difficult because it deals with complex interactions among uncertain weather conditions, occupant behaviors, and building characteristics. To facilitate estimation, this study employs a benchmarking methodology to obtain energy baseline for sample buildings. Utilizing a scientific simulation tool, this study attempts to develop energy consumption baselines of two typical concrete residences in Taiwan, and subsequently allows a simplified energy consumption prediction process at an early design stage of building development. Using weather data of three metropolitan cities as testbeds, annual energy consumption of two types of modern residences are determined through a series of simulation sessions with different building settings. The impacts of key building characteristics, including building insulation, air tightness, orientation, location, and residence type, are carefully investigated. Sample utility bills are then collected to validate the simulated results, resulting in three adjustment parameters for normalization, including ‘number of residents’, ‘total floor area’, and ‘air conditioning comfort level’, for justification of occupant behaviors in different living conditions. Study results not only provide valuable benchmarking data serving as references for performance evaluation of different energy-saving strategies, but also show how effective extended building insulation, enhanced air tightness, and prudent selection of residence location and orientation can be for successful implementation of building sustainability in tropical and subtropical regions.
Topographic Correction of Landsat TM-5 and Landsat OLI-8 Imagery to Improve the Performance of Forest Classification in the Mountainous Terrain of Northeast Thailand
Authors: Pimple Uday , Sitthi Asamaporn , Simonetti Dario , Pungkul Sukan , Leadprathom Kumron , Chidthaisong Amnat
Published: February 2017

The accurate mapping and monitoring of forests is essential for the sustainable management of forest ecosystems. Advancements in the Landsat satellite series have been very useful for various forest mapping applications. However, the topographic shadows of irregular mountains are major obstacles to accurate forest classification. In this paper, we test five topographic correction methods: improved cosine correction, Minnaert, C-correction, Statistical Empirical Correction (SEC) and Variable Empirical Coefficient Algorithm (VECA), with multisource digital elevation models (DEM) to reduce the topographic relief effect in mountainous terrain produced by the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)-5 and Operational Land Imager (OLI)-8 sensors. The effectiveness of the topographic correction methods are assessed by visual interpretation and the reduction in standard deviation (SD), by means of the coefficient of variation (CV). Results show that the SEC performs best with the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) 30 m × 30 m DEM. The random forest (RF) classifier is used for forest classification, and the overall accuracy of forest classification is evaluated to compare the performances of the topographic corrections. Our results show that the C-correction, SEC and VECA corrected imagery were able to improve the forest classification accuracy of Landsat TM-5 from 78.41% to 81.50%, 82.38%, and 81.50%, respectively, and OLI-8 from 81.06% to 81.50%, 82.38%, and 81.94%, respectively. The highest accuracy of forest type classification is obtained with the newly available high-resolution SRTM DEM and SEC method.
Practical In-Depth Analysis of IDS Alerts for Tracing and Identifying Potential Attackers on Darknet
Authors: Song Jungsuk , Lee Younsu , Choi Jang-Won , Gil Joon-Min , Han Jaekyung , Choi Sang-Soo
Published: February 2017

The darknet (i.e., a set of unused IP addresses) is a very useful solution for observing the global trends of cyber threats and analyzing attack activities on the Internet. Since the darknet is not connected with real systems, in most cases, the incoming packets on the darknet (‘the darknet traffic’) do not contain a payload. This means that we are unable to get real malware from the darknet traffic. This situation makes it difficult for security experts (e.g., academic researchers, engineers, operators, etc.) to identify whether the source hosts of the darknet traffic are infected by real malware or not. In this paper, we present the overall procedure of the in-depth analysis between the darknet traffic and IDS alerts using real data collected at the Science and Technology Cyber Security Center (S&T CSC) in Korea and provide the detailed in-depth analysis results. The ultimate goal of this paper is to provide practical experience, insight and know-how to security experts so that they are able to identify and trace the root cause of the darknet traffic. The experimental results show that correlation analysis between the darknet traffic and IDS alerts is very useful to discover potential attack hosts, especially internal hosts, and to find out what kinds of malware infected them.
Quantifying a Financially Sustainable Strategy of Public Transport: Private Capital Investment Considering Passenger Value
Authors: Xue Yunqiang , Guan Hongzhi , Corey Jonathan , Wei Heng , Yan Hai
Published: February 2017

Releaving traffic congestion by developing public transport as an alternative mode of travel is a common practice all over the world. However, the increasing public transport subsidies have created a financial burden for governments. Encouragingly, private capital supplies an opportunity for public transport in sustainable finance. Previous research mainly focuses on qualitative analysis and money-for-value (MFV) analysis. In this paper, a new investment model is proposed based on the concept ‘passenger value’, and a bi-level programming model (BLPM) is constructed as a quantitative analysis tool. The upper target of BLPM is the total surplus (including the value of time (VOT) of passengers) of the public transport system and the upper constraint is the ticket price. The lower target of BLPM is passenger’s surplus, the lower constraints are service capability and the lowest return rate of the private sector. The public transport of Jinan City, China is taken as a case to quantify the impacts of private capital investment in public transport. Results show that the proposed investment model considering passenger value is superior to the traditional one, and effective private capital investment could increase the total societal benefit of the transportation system. The proposed investment strategy satisfies economic viability and is a financially sustainability strategy. Additionally, travelers should be encouraged to use public transport through improving the service quality and passenger returns. Only in this way can the success rate of the private sector investment in public transport be improved efficiently.
Adaptation to Climate Change through Spatial Planning in Compact Urban Areas: A Case Study in the City of Thessaloniki
Authors: Yiannakou Athena , Salata Konstantina-Dimitra
Published: February 2017

One of the problems urban areas are facing is the coupled effect of climate change and the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. This article attempts to demonstrate the potential of spatial planning to reduce the UHI effect and, hence, to contribute to climate change adaptation in compact urban areas. After a brief review of the relevant literature, the article focuses on one case study within the compact urban area of the city of Thessaloniki. The geographical, socio-economic and urban form data of the study area and its subsequent vulnerability to UHI were initially assessed. Based on these features, a local spatial planning strategy is proposed, and the study proceeds to a detailed amendment of the land use plan, within part of the vulnerable zone. This takes into account the existing urban form, the lack of resources and the availability of the spatial planning tools within the Greek spatial planning system. Τhe main purpose of this article is to highlight the fact that, even in urban areas where the potential for intervention seems to be marginal, because of their existing form, the complexities of the local planning system and resource limitations, improvements to the UHI effect and adaptation to climate change can be achieved by better land use planning and urban design.
Exergetic Aspects of Hydrogen Energy Systems—The Case Study of a Fuel Cell Bus
Authors: Nanaki Evanthia , Koroneos Christopher
Published: February 2017

Electrifying transportation is a promising approach to alleviate climate change issues arising from increased emissions. This study examines a system for the production of hydrogen using renewable energy sources as well as its use in buses. The electricity requirements for the production of hydrogen through the electrolysis of water, are covered by renewable energy sources. Fuel cells are being used to utilize hydrogen to power the bus. Exergy analysis for the system is carried out. Based on a steady-state model of the processes, exergy efficiencies are calculated for all subsystems. The subsystems with the highest proportion of irreversibility are identified and compared. It is shown that PV panel has exergetic efficiency of 12.74%, wind turbine of 45%, electrolysis of 67%, and fuel cells of 40%.
Complexity Triggered by Economic Globalisation— The Issue of On-Line Betting-Related Match Fixing
Authors: Andreff Wladimir
Published: February 2017

Complexity in mainstream economics consists in high intermediary consumption of mathematics. A new approach to complexity economics dwells upon path-dependent global systems; their emergence and evolving organisation. The focus here is on the complexity of the real economic world due to globalisation. On-line betting related match-fixing is a case in point about which the article presents non-exhaustive empirical evidence and shows how it is analysed with the standard model of the economics of crime. There is no room for complexity in such an individualistic approach to corrupt behaviour applied to bet-related fixes. A more complex model is sketched based on interactions between a global (though underground) market for fixes and the actual partly legal, partly illegal global sport betting market. These interactions exhibit how complex is the issue of combating betting-related match fixing. Reviewing those major policies envisaged for containing the latter—prohibition; sanctions; regulation; privatisation (betting rights)—the article opts for a global ‘Sportbettobin’ tax on sport betting gains; in the same vein as the famous Tobin tax on international capital transfers. The novelty in this approach is a variable (increasing) rate applied to increasing tranches of taxation (gains) which should dry up the worst cases of on-line bettingrelated match fixing.
Ustiloxin G, a New Cyclopeptide Mycotoxin from Rice False Smut Balls
Authors: Wang Xiaohan , Wang Jian , Lai Daowan , Wang Weixuan , Dai Jungui , Zhou Ligang , Liu Yang
Published: February 2017

Ustiloxins were cyclopeptide mycotoxins from rice false smut balls (FSBs) that formed in rice spikelets infected by the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens. To investigate the chemical diversity of these metabolites and their bioactivities, one new cyclopeptide, ustiloxin G (1), together with four known congeners—ustiloxins A (2), B (3), D (4), and F (5)—were isolated from water extract of rice FSBs. Their structures were elucidated by analyses of their physical and spectroscopic data, including ultraviolet spectrometry (UV), infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). All the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic as well as radicle and germ elongation inhibitory activities. Ustiloxin B (3) showed the best activity against the cell line BGC-823 with an IC50 value of 1.03 µM, while ustiloxin G (1) showed moderate activity against the cell lines A549 and A375 with IC50 values of 36.5 µM and 22.5 µM, respectively. Ustiloxins A (2), B (3), and G (1) showed strong inhibition of radicle and germ elongation of rice seeds. When their concentrations were at 200 µg/mL, the inhibitory ratios of radicle and germ elongation were more than 90% and 50%, respectively, the same effect as that of positive control (glyphosate). They also induced abnormal swelling of the roots and germs of rice seedlings.
Patulin Degradation by the Biocontrol Yeast Sporobolomyces sp. Is an Inducible Process
Authors: Ianiri Giuseppe , Pinedo Cristina , Fratianni Alessandra , Panfili Gianfranco , Castoria Raffaello
Published: February 2017

Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by Penicillium expansum and a common contaminant of pome fruits and their derived products worldwide. It is considered to be mutagenic, genotoxic, immunotoxic, teratogenic and cytotoxic, and the development of strategies to reduce this contamination is an active field of research. We previously reported that Sporobolomyces sp. is able to degrade patulin and convert it into the breakdown products desoxypatulinic acid and ascladiol, both of which were found to be less toxic than patulin. The specific aim of this study was the evaluation of the triggering of the mechanisms involved in patulin resistance and degradation by Sporobolomyces sp. Cells pre-incubated in the presence of a low patulin concentration showed a higher resistance to patulin toxicity and a faster kinetics of degradation. Similarly, patulin degradation was faster when crude intracellular protein extracts of Sporobolomyces sp. were prepared from cells pre-treated with the mycotoxin, indicating the induction of the mechanisms involved in the resistance and degradation of the mycotoxin by Sporobolomyces sp. This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms of patulin resistance and degradation by Sporobolomyces sp., which is an essential prerequisite for developing an industrial approach aiming at the production of patulin-free products.
Microscopic Characterization of the Brazilian Giant Samba Virus
Authors: Schrad Jason , Young Eric , Abrahão Jônatas , Cortines Juliana , Parent Kristin
Published: February 2017

Prior to the discovery of the mimivirus in 2003, viruses were thought to be physically small and genetically simple. Mimivirus, with its ~750-nm particle size and its ~1.2-Mbp genome, shattered these notions and changed what it meant to be a virus. Since this discovery, the isolation and characterization of giant viruses has exploded. One of the more recently discovered giant viruses, Samba virus, is a Mimivirus that was isolated from the Rio Negro in the Brazilian Amazon. Initial characterization of Samba has revealed some structural information, although the preparation techniques used are prone to the generation of structural artifacts. To generate more native-like structural information for Samba, we analyzed the virus through cryo-electron microscopy, cryo-electron tomography, scanning electron microscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. These microscopy techniques demonstrated that Samba particles have a capsid diameter of ~527 nm and a fiber length of ~155 nm, making Samba the largest Mimivirus yet characterized. We also compared Samba to a fiberless mimivirus variant. Samba particles, unlike those of mimivirus, do not appear to be rigid, and quasi-icosahedral, although the two viruses share many common features, including a multi-layered capsid and an asymmetric nucleocapsid, which may be common amongst the Mimiviruses.
Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Northern Brown Bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus)
Authors: Beck Amanda , Shima Amy , Bennett Mark , Johnson Linda
Published: February 2017

Aside from a handful of notable exceptions, neoplasia is not reported as a major cause of mortality in wild animal populations and often goes undetected. For northern brown bandicoots specifically, there are few reported tumors in the literature and on file in the Australian Registry of Wildlife Health. This report describes a case of squamous cell carcinoma in a northern brown bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus), with metastases to the draining lymph nodes and lung. This neoplasm consisted predominantly of well-differentiated squamous cells and multifocal keratin pearls, with areas possibly consistent with epithelial to mesenchymal transition, as identified by positive immunohistochemical staining by both pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3) and vimentin. Additional investigations were negative for bandicoot papillomatosis carcinomatosis viruses.
Flow Patterns and Morphological Changes in a Sandy Meander Bend during a Flood—Spatially and Temporally Intensive ADCP Measurement Approach
Authors: Kasvi Elina , Laamanen Leena , Lotsari Eliisa , Alho Petteri
Published: February 2017

The fluvio-geomorphological processes in meander bends are spatially uneven in distribution. Typically, higher velocities and erosion take place near the outer bank beyond the bend apex, while the inner bend point bar grows laterally towards the outer bank, increasing the bend amplitude. These dynamics maintain the meander evolution. Even though this development is found in meandering rivers independent of soil or environmental characteristics, each river still seems to behave unpredictably. The special mechanisms that determine the rate and occasion of morphological changes remain unclear. The aim of this study is to offer new insights regarding flow-induced morphological changes in meander using a novel study approach. We focused on short-term and small-spatial-scale changes by conducting a spatially and temporally (daily) intensive survey during a flood (a period of nine days) with an ADCP attached to a remotely controlled mini-boat. Based on our analysis, the flood duration and the rate of discharge increase and decrease seems to play key roles in determining channel changes by controlling the flow velocities and depth and the backwater effect may have notable influence on the morphological processes. We discuss themes such as the interaction of inner and outer bend processes and the longer-term development of meander bends.
Hydrological Modeling of Highly Glacierized Basins (Andes, Alps, and Central Asia)
Authors: Omani Nina , Srinivasan Raghavan , Karthikeyan Raghupathy , Smith Patricia
Published: February 2017

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate five glacierized river basins that are global in coverage and vary in climate. The river basins included the Narayani (Nepal), Vakhsh (Central Asia), Rhone (Switzerland), Mendoza (Central Andes, Argentina), and Central Dry Andes (Chile), with a total area of 85,000 km2. A modified SWAT snow algorithm was applied in order to consider spatial variation of associated snowmelt/accumulation by elevation band across each subbasin. In previous studies, melt rates varied as a function of elevation because of an air temperature gradient while the snow parameters were constant throughout the entire basin. A major improvement of the new snow algorithm is the separation of the glaciers from seasonal snow based on their characteristics. Two SWAT snow algorithms were evaluated in simulation of monthly runoff from the glaciered watersheds: (1) the snow parameters are lumped (constant throughout the entire basin) and (2) the snow parameters are spatially variable based on elevation bands of a subbasin (modified snow algorithm). Applying the distributed SWAT snow algorithm improved the model performance in simulation of monthly runoff with snow-glacial regime, so that mean RSR decreased to 0.49 from 0.55 and NSE increased to 0.75 from 0.69. Improvement of model performance was negligible in simulations of monthly runoff from the basins with a monsoon runoff regime.
Lake Restoration and Management in a Climate Change Perspective: An Introduction
Authors: Jeppesen Erik , Søndergaard Martin , Liu Zhengwen
Published: February 2017

Lakes all around the globe are under severe pressure due to an increasing anthropogenic impact from a growing population in a more developed world. Accordingly, today, many lakes are highly eutrophic and suffer from severe blooms of often toxic cyanobacteria and may become even more eutrophic in the future unless strong lake management actions are taken. Recent research has further shown that global warming and subsequent changes in water use will further exacerbate the eutrophication process in lakes. There is therefore a growing demand for lake restoration and insight into sustainable lake management. The measures to be taken, however, depend on the climate and other local conditions. This special issue addresses lake restoration and management with special emphasis on the restoration of eutrophicated lakes within a climate change perspective. The papers included collectively highlight that the ongoing climate change affects lake water quality by (1) changes in external and internal nutrient loading; (2) higher frequency of extreme events (such as hurricanes); (3) temperature‐induced changes in biota, biotic interactions; and (4) water level. Lower nutrient loading is therefore needed in a future warmer world to achieve the same ecological state as today. Several papers discuss lake restoration methods within a climate change perspective and show practical results, notably of various attempts of biomanipulation. Finally, some papers discuss the effects of other anthropogenic stressors and their interaction with climate.
A propos d'une entité corso-sarde du Genévrier nain
Authors: Lebreton Philippe , Mossa Luigi , Gallet Christiane
Published: February 2017

Le profil proanthocyanique (prodelphinidine) de deux spécimens de Juniperus communis ssp. nana récemment récoltés en Sardaigne est identique à celui du taxon corse précédemment défini comme chimiovar «corsicana». Ce taxon constitue donc une endémique corso-sarde, distinct du Juniperus communis ssp. hemisphaerica de Sicile et de Kabylie, mais aussi du Genévrier nain des Apennins.
Plantes endémiques marocaines et maroco-algériennes présentes dans la chaîne des Horsts et des Monts de Debdou (Maroc oriental)
Authors: Ben El Mostafa Souad , Haloui Benyounes , Berrichi Abdelabasset
Published: February 2017

Les auteurs présentent une liste détaillée des espèces et sous-espèces endémiques marocaines et maroco-algériennes trouvées dans la région de la chaîne des Horsts et du massif de Debdou (Maroc oriental). Cette liste est accompagnée d'une description succincte de leurs habitats préférés et de leurs répartitions géographiques au Maroc. L'inventaire de ces espèces a montré le fort pourcentage des plantes endémiques maroco-algériennes (87,1% de l'ensemble des endémiques). Il a montré, d'autre part, la distribution restreinte de ces plantes aussi bien à l'échelle de la zone étudiée qu'au niveau du Maroc.
Deux Acritus Le Conte nouveaux de la faune néotropicale (Coleoptera, Histeridae)
Authors: Gomy Yves
Published: February 2017

Description d'Acritus (Acritus) arriagadai n. sp. du Paraguay et d'Argentine. Acritus (Acritus ) komai Lewis est signalé pour la première fois d'Amérique du sud.
Crude Flavonoid Extract of Medicinal Herb Zingibar officinale Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Elkady Ayman I. , Abu-Zinadah Osama A. , Hussein Rania Abd El Hamid
Published: February 2017

There is an urgent need to improve the clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common causes of global cancer-related deaths. Zingibar officinale is a medicinal herb used throughout history for both culinary and medicinal purposes. It has antioxidant,
anticarcinogenic, and free radical scavenging properties. Previously, we proved that the crude flavonoid extract of Z. officinale (CFEZO) inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in several cancer cell lines. However, the effect of the CFEZO on an HCC cell line has not yet been evaluated.
In this study, we explored the anticancer activity of CFEZO against an HCC cell line, HepG2. CFEZO significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Typical apoptotic morphological and biochemical changes, including cell shrinkage and detachment, nuclear condensation
and fragmentation, DNA degradation, and comet tail formation, were observed after treatments with CFEZO. The apoptogenic activity of CFEZO involved induction of ROS, depletion of GSH, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase 3/9, and an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2
ratio. CFEZO treatments induced upregulation of p53 and p21 expression and downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase-4 expression, which were accompanied by G2/M phase arrest. These findings suggest that CFEZO provides a useful foundation for studying and developing
novel chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of HCC.
De la naissance de l’OTASE à l’accord de paix sur le Cambodge : la France, la Grande-Bretagne et la sécurité en Asie du Sud-Est pendant la Guerre froide
Authors: Journoud Pierre
Published: February 2017

Entre 1954 et 1991, la France et la Grande-Bretagne ont joué un rôle important, bien qu’en partie éclipsé par les États-Unis, dans la sécurité collective en Asie du Sud-Est, au carrefour entre décolonisation, Guerre froide et conflits armés régionaux. Elles se sont impliquées dans des organisations multilatérales à vocation stratégique ; elles ont participé à des négociations délicates et favorisé, malgré bien des échecs, de longs processus de paix. Leurs tentatives communes ou séparées de modérer les États-Unis dans les conflits du Sud-Vietnam et du Laos, particulièrement entre 1954 et 1962, leur capacité à peser dans la résolution de conflits régionaux armés, surtout le conflit cambodgien dans les années 1980, ont conduit ces puissances à renforcer leur dialogue politique bilatéral sur la région, mais aussi à sensibiliser la CEE à la nécessité d’adopter une position commune sur le conflit cambodgien et de renforcer son dialogue interrégional avec l’ASEAN.
Les études européennes, un outil pour développer les relations entre le Vietnam et l’Union européenne
Authors: Quang Minh Pham
Published: February 2017

Les relations entre le Vietnam et l’Europe remontent à quatre siècles, avec l’arrivée des premiers missionnaires européens dans le pays. Les relations bilatérales actuelles ne reflètent cependant pas cette tradition et sont insatisfaisantes des deux côtés. Où situer ce qui fait obstacle entre ces deux partenaires ? Pourquoi ces malentendus dans leurs relations ? L’article analyse d’un point de vue historique le développement des études européennes au Vietnam à l’aide d’une information vietnamienne de première main. Sa thèse centrale est que, pour promouvoir les relations entre le Vietnam et l’Europe, les études européennes au Vietnam doivent être une priorité sur les agendas de part et d’autre. Le manque d’information et d’instruction adéquate peut influencer considérablement leur coopération. L’article conclut que les relations Union européenne-Vietnam se renforceront à coup sûr, car elles sont une vieille tradition pour le Vietnam, et que les programmes d’études européennes sont un instrument de nature à mieux faire comprendre l’UE dans ce pays.
Le rôle de la coopération culturelle et éducative au sein de l’ASEM
Authors: Picciau Simona
Published: February 2017

Les relations interrégionales euro-asiatiques telles qu’établies dans le cadre de l’ASEM en 1996 tenaient la dimension culturelle pour un instrument nécessaire à la promotion de la connaissance mutuelle et à l’amélioration de la capacité des deux zones à trouver une nouvelle façon de coopérer. L’institution de l’ASEF représente la volonté concrète de promouvoir une meilleure compréhension entre l’Asie et l’Europe grâce aux échanges entre les intellectuels, les artistes et les individus. La réalisation d’importants projets de coopération montre comment les relations interrégionales peuvent bénéficier de la connaissance mutuelle à travers l’établissement de nouvelles connexions de coopération. Cependant la coopération culturelle reste encore en dessous de son potentiel et nécessite un engagement majeur et des investissements des tous les membres de l’ASEM.
 Perfil dos pacientes com úlcera crônica de etiologia diversa, internados em serviço de emergência/ Profile of patients diagnosed with chronic ulcer of diverse etiologyadmitted to an emergency unit
Authors: Tavares Bárbara Cristina , Matos Eliane , Maliska Isabel Cristina Alves , Benedet Silvana Alves , Salum Nádia Chiodelli
Published: February 2017

Estudo com o objetivo de identificar o perfil dos pacientes com úlcera crônica de etiologia diversa internados em emergência hospitalar com Diagnóstico de Enfermagem de Integridade da Pele Prejudicada e de Integridade Tissular Prejudicada, segundo a Taxonomia da NANDA-I (2012-2014). Abordagem quantitativa, descritiva, de amostra intencional que analisou 41 prontuários de pacientes com úlcera crônica e comprometimento na integridade da pele. A coleta de dados ocorreu de setembro a Dezembro de 2013, por meio de busca ativa nos prontuários dos pacientes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de estatística simples. Resultados apontam a predominância de pacientes do sexo masculino; idosos; com mobilidade prejudicada, baixa escolaridade, déficit de conhecimento de cuidados com a úlcera; família como principal rede de apoio. Destaca-se a incidência maior de úlcera arterial (65,9%), seguida pela úlcera por pressão (19,5%) e úlcera venosa (14,6%). Os problemas relacionados à integridade da pele têm relação com o aumento da expectativa de vida e com o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas. Conhecer o perfil do paciente com úlcera crônica contribui para a elaboração de diretrizes para o cuidado de enfermagem e para o tratamento dessa condição de saúde.
 Principais causas da mortalidade masculina e os anos potenciais de vida perdidos por estes agravos / Main causes of male mortality and potential years of life lost due to those diseases
Authors: Fraga Jeane cristina Anschau Xavier de Oliveira , De Paula Áurea Christina , Rocha Roseanne Montargil , Silva Luanna Arruda , Knupp Medeiros Renata Marien , Mozer Isabele Torquato
Published: February 2017

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever o perfil da mortalidade masculina de Cuiabá-MT entre os anos de 2002-2012 segundo as principais causas de mortalidade masculina e os anos potenciais de vida perdidos (APVP) por esta população. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, realizado a partir de 5.135 registros de óbitos de homens com idades entre 20 e 59 anos, residentes em Cuiabá-MT. A análise descritiva foi feita através da frequência absoluta e relativa dos dados e cálculo dos Indicadores de Saúde. Dentre os resultados, destacam-se as mortes em decorrência de causas violentas e doenças crônicas e degenerativas, além da mortalidade precoce, expressa pela grande perda de APVP na população de 20 a 29 anos de idade. Diante deste panorama, ressalta-se a necessidade de ações conjuntas entre seguimentos da sociedade, agentes públicos e agentes de saúde no sentido de promover a mudança deste cenário através de ações educativas com intuito de fomentar a redução da mortalidade com a sensibilização da população masculina em relação aos comportamentos de risco como a violência e a direção perigosa, bem como a adoção de hábitos mais saudáveis.
Neurodegeneration Enhances the Development of Arthritis
Authors: Lang Stefanie C. , Harre Ulrike , Purohit Pavitra , Dietel Katharina , Kienhöfer Deborah , Hahn Jonas , Baum Wolfgang , Herrmann Martin , Schett Georg , Mielenz Dirk
Published: February 2017

The prevalence of neurodegenerative disease and arthritis increases with age. Despite both processes being associated with immune activation and inflammation, little is known about the mechanistic interactions between neurodegenerative disease and arthritis. In this article, we show that tau-transgenic (tau-tg) mice that develop neurodegenerative disease characterized by deposition of tau tangles in the brain are highly susceptible to developing arthritis. Already at steady-state conditions, tau-tg mice exhibit peripheral immune activation that is manifested by higher numbers of granulocytes, plasmablasts, and inflammatory Ly6Chi CCR2+ monocytes, as well as increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-17. Upon induction of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), tau-tg mice displayed an increased incidence and an earlier onset of CIA that was associated with a more pronounced inflammatory cytokine response. Furthermore, induction of CIA led to significantly elevated numbers of Iba-1–expressing cells in the brain, indicative of microglia activation, and the formation of anti-tau Abs in tau-tg mice. These changes were accompanied by the resolution of tau tangles and significantly decreased neurodegenerative pathology. In summary, these data show that neurodegenerative disease enhances the development of arthritis. In addition, arthritis, once induced, triggers innate immune responses in the brain, leading to resolution of neurodegenerative changes.
Roquin Paralogs Differentially Regulate Functional NKT Cell Subsets
Authors: Drees Christoph , Vahl J. Christoph , Bortoluzzi Sabrina , Heger Klaus D. , Fischer Julius C. , Wunderlich F. Thomas , Peschel Christian , Schmidt-Supprian Marc
Published: February 2017

NKT cells represent a small subset of glycolipid-recognizing T cells that are heavily implicated in human allergic, autoimmune, and malignant diseases. In the thymus, precursor cells recognize self-glycolipids by virtue of their semi-invariant TCR, which triggers NKT cell lineage commitment and maturation. During their development, NKT cells are polarized into the NKT1, NKT2, and NKT17 subsets, defined through their cytokine-secretion patterns and the expression of key transcription factors. However, we have largely ignored how the differentiation into the NKT cell subsets is regulated. In this article, we describe the mRNA-binding Roquin-1 and -2 proteins as central regulators of murine NKT cell fate decisions. In the thymus, T cell–specific ablation of the Roquin paralogs leads to a dramatic expansion of NKT17 cells, whereas peripheral mature NKT cells are essentially absent. Roquin-1/2–deficient NKT17 cells show exaggerated lineage-specific expression of nearly all NKT17-defining proteins tested. We show through mixed bone marrow chimera experiments that NKT17 polarization is mediated through cell-intrinsic mechanisms early during NKT cell development. In contrast, the loss of peripheral NKT cells is due to cell-extrinsic factors. Surprisingly, Roquin paralog–deficient NKT cells are, in striking contrast to conventional T cells, compromised in their ability to secrete cytokines. Altogether, we show that Roquin paralogs regulate the development and function of NKT cell subsets in the thymus and periphery.
DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY OF FLOW CYTOMETRY IN MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.
Authors: Della Porta Matteo , Picone Cristina
Published: February 2017

The pathological hallmark of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is marrow dysplasia, which representsthe basis of the WHO classiﬁcation of these disorders. This classiﬁcation provides clinicians with a useful tool for deﬁning the different subtypes of MDS and individual prognosis. The WHO proposal has raised some concern regarding minimal diagnostic criteria particularly in patients with normal karyotype without robust morphological markers of dysplasia (such as ring sideroblasts or excess of blasts). Therefore, there is clearly a need to reﬁne the accuracy to detect marrow dysplasia. Flow cytometry (FCM) immunophenotyping has been proposed as a tool to improve the evaluation of marrow dysplasia. Rationale for the application of FCM in the diagnostic work up of MDS is that immunophenotyping is an accurate method for quantitative and qualitative evaluation of hematopoietic cells and that MDS have been found to have abnormal expression of several cellular antigens. To become clinically applicable, FCM analysis should be based on parameters with sufﬁcient speciﬁcity and sensitivity, data should be reproducible between different operators and the results should be easily understood by clinicians. In this review, we discuss the most relevant progresses in detection of marrow dysplasia by FCM in MDS
Hilasterion and imperial ideology: A new reading of Romans 3:25
Authors: Wilson Mark
Published: February 2017

Paul uses the hapax legomenon  ίλαστήριον in Romans 3:25. Pauline scholars have discussed the background for Paul’s use of the word, whether from the LXX, Second Temple practice or pagan inscriptions. Two altars were found in the Asian city of Metropolis in the early 1990s with the dedication Καίσαρος ἱλαστηρίου. This article discusses their discovery, the history of Metropolis and the possible relationship of Paul to the city. It explores the date of the erection of the altars by establishing a viable sitz im leben early in the reign of Augustus. It then traces the semantic history of the  ίλαστήριον and attempts to establish its possible meaning within Pauline theology. Finally, the question whether ίλαστήριον should be added to the vocabulary of imperial ideology in Paul’s writings is addressed.
Extending the Prym map to toroidal compactifications of the moduli space of abelian varieties (with an appendix by Mathieu Dutour Sikirić)
Authors: Casalaina-Martin Sebastian , Grushevsky Samuel , Hulek Klaus , Laza Radu
Published: February 2017

The main purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual approach to understanding the extension of the Prym map from the space of admissible double covers of stable curves to different toroidal compactifications of the moduli space of principally polarized abelian varieties. By separating the combinatorial problems from the geometric aspects we can reduce this to the computation of certain monodromy cones. In this way we not only shed new light on the extension results of Alexeev, Birkenhake, Hulek, and Vologodsky for the second Voronoi toroidal compactification, but we also apply this to other toroidal compactifications, in particular the perfect cone compactification, for which we obtain a combinatorial characterization of the indeterminacy locus, as well as a geometric description up to codimension six, and an explicit toroidal resolution of the Prym map up to codimension four.