bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation and Applications of Extreme-Ultraviolet Vortices
Authors: Hernández-García Carlos , Vieira Jorge , Mendonça Jose , Rego Laura , San Román Julio , Plaja Luis , Ribic Primoz , Gauthier David , Picón Antonio
Published: April 2017

Vortex light beams are structures of the electromagnetic field with a spiral phase ramp around a point-phase singularity. These vortices have many applications in the optical regime, ranging from optical trapping and quantum information to spectroscopy and microscopy. The extension of vortices into the extreme-ultraviolet (XUV)/X-ray regime constitutes a significant step forward to bring those applications to the nanometer or even atomic scale. The recent development of a new generation of X-ray sources, and the refinement of other techniques, such as harmonic generation, have boosted the interest of producing vortex beams at short wavelengths. In this manuscript, we review the recent studies in the subject, and we collect the major prospects of this emerging field. We also focus on the unique and promising applications of ultrashort XUV/X-ray vortex pulses.
Catalytic Activity of Oxidized Carbon Black and Graphene Oxide for the Crosslinking of Epoxy Resins
Authors: Acocella Maria , Esposito Corcione Carola , Giuri Antonella , Maggio Mario , Guerra Gaetano , Maffezzoli Alfonso
Published: April 2017

This article compares the catalytic activities of oxidized carbon black (oCB) and graphene oxide (eGO) samples on the kinetics of a reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with a diamine, leading to crosslinked insoluble networks. The study is mainly conducted by rheometry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Following the same oxidation procedure, CB samples are more efficiently oxidized than graphite samples. For instance, CB and graphite samples with high specific surface areas (151 and 308 m2/g), as oxidized by the Hummers’ method, exhibit O/C wt/wt ratios of 0.91 and 0.62, respectively. Due to the higher oxidation levels, these oCB samples exhibit a higher catalytic activity toward the curing of epoxy resins than fully exfoliated graphene oxide.
Mechanical Performance of Graphene-Based Artificial Nacres under Impact Loads: A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamic Study
Authors: Liu Ning , Pidaparti Ramana , Wang Xianqiao
Published: April 2017

Inspired by the hierarchical structure and outstanding mechanical performance of biological nacre, we propose a similar multi-layered graphene–polyethylene nanocomposite as a possible lightweight material with energy-absorbing characteristics. Through coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, we study the mechanical performance of the nanocomposite under spall loading. Results indicate that the polymer phase can serve as a cushion upon impact, which substantially decreases maximum contact forces and thus inhibits the breakage of covalent bonds in the graphene flakes. In addition, as the overlap distance in graphene layers increases, the energy absorption capacity of the model increases. Furthermore, the polymer phase can serve as a shield upon impact to protect the graphene phase from aggregation. The dependence of mechanical response on the size of impactors is also explored. Results indicate that the maximum contact force during the impact depends on the external surface area of impactors rather than the density of impactors and that the energy absorption for all model impactors is very similar. Overall, our findings can provide a systematic understanding of the mechanical responses on graphene–polyethylene nanocomposites under spall loads.
Environmental Control in Flow Bioreactors
Authors: Giusti Serena , Mazzei Daniele , Cacopardo Ludovica , Mattei Giorgio , Domenici Claudio , Ahluwalia Arti
Published: April 2017

The realization of physiologically-relevant advanced in vitro models is not just related to the reproduction of a three-dimensional multicellular architecture, but also to the maintenance of a cell culture environment in which parameters, such as temperature, pH, and hydrostatic pressure are finely controlled. Tunable and reproducible culture conditions are crucial for the study of environment-sensitive cells, and can also be used for mimicking pathophysiological conditions related with alterations of temperature, pressure and pH. Here, we present the SUITE (Supervising Unit for In Vitro Testing) system, a platform able to monitor and adjust local environmental variables in dynamic cell culture experiments. The physical core of the control system is a mixing chamber, which can be connected to different bioreactors and acts as a media reservoir equipped with a pH meter and pressure sensors. The chamber is heated by external resistive elements and the temperature is controlled using a thermistor. A purpose-built electronic control unit gathers all data from the sensors and controls the pH and hydrostatic pressure by regulating air and CO2 overpressure and flux. The system’s modularity and the possibility of imposing different pressure conditions were used to implement a model of portal hypertension with both endothelial and hepatic cells. The results show that the SUITE platform is able to control and maintain cell culture parameters at fixed values that represent either physiological or pathological conditions. Thus, it represents a fundamental tool for the design of biomimetic in vitro models, with applications in disease modelling or toxicity testing.
Transcendence of the Negative: Günther Anders’ Apocalyptic Phenomenology
Authors: Alvis Jason
Published: April 2017

When the apocalyptic is marginalized, not only is theology under threat of malpractice, but phenomenology is also, for at the core of apocalyptic thinking is the attempt to restrain the totalities that are at work implicitly in our social imaginaries. Most totalities are subtle, appearing even in efforts of unification through global peace. One might extract such insight from Günther Anders, who depicts an immanent, apocalyptic reality beyond the pale of bourgeois optimism and the theological imaginaries that enervate it. We have fallen out of imaginative touch with our everyday activities, and this has resulted in an apocalyptic blindness (Apokalypse-Blindheit) and optimism rooted in abstraction. Such blindness has degraded our “conscience” into “conscientiousness” to the point that even the Hiroshima bomber can abstract from his actions and be exempted easily from responsibility. Although a kind of phenomenologist, Anders criticized colleagues who, in the name of “presuppositionlessness” and observation, could abstract their thoughts far from the reality in which they lived and acted. This paper provides a general introduction to Anders’ work and interprets his “Transcendence of the Negative” in order to demonstrate the values of “apocalyptic phenomenology” today. Anders extends a Levinasian eschatology of anticipation (which is precisely of that which one cannot “expect”) and demonstrates how transcendence, which typically is understood only in its positive element, also holds the capacity for turning a blind eye to the negative sociality of action. This transcendence often fuels a false optimism for an order of global peace and oneness, which inherently brings about an apocalyptic age, for it ends at “one” and eliminates any “outside”. Apocalyptic phenomenology can be one way to disrupt this tendency of blind abstraction by attending to “unveiling” (apokalypsis) itself, attuning our “conscience” to the level of concern proportionate to the threats that stand before it, and becoming “restrainers” of what Anders calls “annihilism.
Should CRISPR Scientists Play God?
Authors: Peters Ted
Published: April 2017

Will CRISPR usher in a new era of Promethean overreach? CRISPR makes gene editing widely available and cheap. Anti-play-god bioethicists fear that geneticists will play god and precipitate a backlash from nature that could be devastating. In contrast to the anti-play-god bioethicists, this article recommends that laboratory science invoke the Precautionary Principle: pause at the yellow caution light, but then with constant risk-assessment proceed ahead.
Recent Landslide Movement in Tsaoling, Taiwan Tracked by TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X DEM Time Series
Authors: Du Yanan , Xu Qiang , Zhang Lei , Feng Guangcai , Li Zhiwei , Chen Rou-Fei , Lin Ching-Weei
Published: April 2017

The Tsaoling Landslide in Taiwan has captured attentions of researchers worldwide due to its frequent catastrophic failure and distinctive features. Thanks to the launch of TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X (TSX/TDX) constellation, retrieval of global DEM with high spatial resolution and accuracy becomes possible, which is extremely useful for the study of natural hazards (e.g., landslides) globally. We attempt here for the first time to track recent landslide movements in Tsaoling Taiwan by analyzing DEM time series reconstructed from TSX/TDX image pairs. Quality improvement of InSAR derived DEM through an iterated differential operation is addressed during the data processing. Five cliffs and the Chingshui River are selected to determine the spatial pattern of morphologic changes of the landslide. The results show that: (a) A large amount of collapses occurred on dip slopes in the period from 2011 to 2014 and on surrounding debris deposits during the rainy seasons; (b) The average recession rate of the Chunqui Cliff decreased from 24.4 m/yr to 19.6 m/yr compared with the result between 1999 and 2009; (c) The Tsaoling Landslide has lost 6.90 ×106 m³ of soil from November of 2011 to April of 2014, which shows a positive correlation of 0.853 with rainfall; (d) The Chingshui River is undergoing a gradual bed erosion with a volumes of 1.84 ×106 m³.
Analysis and Tools for Improved Management of Connectionless and Connection-Oriented BLE Devices Coexistence
Authors: Del Campo Antonio , Cintioni Lorenzo , Spinsante Susanna , Gambi Ennio
Published: April 2017

With the introduction of low-power wireless technologies, like Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), new applications are approaching the home automation, healthcare, fitness, automotive and consumer electronics markets. BLE devices are designed to maximize the battery life, i.e., to run for long time on a single coin-cell battery. In typical application scenarios of home automation and Ambient Assisted Living (AAL), the sensors that monitor relatively unpredictable and rare events should coexist with other sensors that continuously communicate health or environmental parameter measurements. The former usually work in connectionless mode, acting as advertisers, while the latter need a persistent connection, acting as slave nodes. The coexistence of connectionless and connection-oriented networks, that share the same central node, can be required to reduce the number of handling devices, thus keeping the network complexity low and limiting the packet’s traffic congestion. In this paper, the medium access management, operated by the central node, has been modeled, focusing on the scheduling procedure in both connectionless and connection-oriented communication. The models have been merged to provide a tool supporting the configuration design of BLE devices, during the network design phase that precedes the real implementation. The results highlight the suitability of the proposed tool: the ability to set the device parameters to allow us to keep a practical discovery latency for event-driven sensors and avoid undesired overlaps between scheduled scanning and connection phases due to bad management performed by the central node.
Recent Advances in Electrochemical Immunosensors
Authors: Piro Benoît , Reisberg Steeve
Published: April 2017

Immunosensors have experienced a very significant growth in recent years, driven by the need for fast, sensitive, portable and easy-to-use devices to detect biomarkers for clinical diagnosis or to monitor organic pollutants in natural or industrial environments. Advances in the field of signal amplification using enzymatic reactions, nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene derivatives, metallic nanoparticles (gold, silver, various oxides or metal complexes), or magnetic beads show how it is possible to improve collection, binding or transduction performances and reach the requirements for realistic clinical diagnostic or environmental control. This review presents these most recent advances; it focuses first on classical electrode substrates, then moves to carbon-based nanostructured ones including carbon nanotubes, graphene and other carbon materials, metal or metal-oxide nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, dendrimers and, to finish, explore the use of ionic liquids. Analytical performances are systematically covered and compared, depending on the detection principle, but also from a chronological perspective, from 2012 to 2016 and early 2017.
Stroboscope Based Synchronization of Full Frame CCD Sensors
Authors: Shen Liang , Feng Xiaobing , Zhang Yuan , Shi Min , Zhu Dengming , Wang Zhaoqi
Published: April 2017

The key obstacle to the use of consumer cameras in computer vision and computer graphics applications is the lack of synchronization hardware. We present a stroboscope based synchronization approach for the charge-coupled device (CCD) consumer cameras. The synchronization is realized by first aligning the frames from different video sequences based on the smear dots of the stroboscope, and then matching the sequences using a hidden Markov model. Compared with current synchronized capture equipment, the proposed approach greatly reduces the cost by using inexpensive CCD cameras and one stroboscope. The results show that our method could reach a high accuracy much better than the frame-level synchronization of traditional software methods.
Invasive Eichhornia crassipes Affects the Capacity of Submerged Macrophytes to Utilize Nutrients
Authors: Zhou Jian , Pan Xu , Xu Haiting , Wang Qi , Cui Lijuan
Published: April 2017

Invasion by free-floating species, such as Eichhornia crassipes, is one of the most critical threats to the biodiversity and sustainability of wetland ecosystems, where all plants experience spatial heterogeneity in substrate nutrients. However, few studies have focused on the effects of free-floating invaders on the capacity of submerged plants to utilize substrate nutrients. A 10-week greenhouse experiment was conducted to test the effects of free-floating invasive E. crassipes (presence or absence) on the growth of Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum, and their capacity to use heterogeneous and homogeneous substrate nutrients. We found that the invasion of E. crassipes could significantly decrease the growth of both submerged C. demersum and M. spicatum and that substrate nutrient heterogeneity increased the growth of C. demersum (approximately 30% in total biomass and 40% in the number of nodes) but not of M. spicatum. The two submerged species have different strategies to address invasion by E. crassipes. These results indicate that E. crassipes can prevent the growth of submerged plants even if the submerged plants can effectively use heterogeneous nutrients. For the effective conservation of submerged macrophytes in wetlands, measures should be taken to restrict the spread of invasive free-floating species.
Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Probability
Authors: Chen Jianjian , Huang Xianjiu
Published: April 2017

Intuitionistic fuzzy probabilities are an extension of the concept of probabilities with application in several practical problem solving tasks. The former are probabilities represented through intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, to indicate the uncertainty of the membership and nonmembership degrees in the value assigned to probabilities. Moreover, a dual hesitant fuzzy set (DHFS) is an extension of an intuitionistic fuzzy set, and its membership degrees and nonmembership degrees are represented by two sets of possible values; this new theory of fuzzy sets is known today as dual hesitant fuzzy set theory. This work will extend the notion of dual hesitant fuzzy probabilities by representing probabilities through the dual hesitant fuzzy numbers, in the sense of Zhu et al., instead of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. We also give the concept of dual hesitant fuzzy probability, based on which we provide some main results including the properties of dual hesitant fuzzy probability, dual hesitant fuzzy conditional probability, and dual hesitant fuzzy total probability.
Strategies and Methodologies for Developing Microbial Detoxification Systems to Mitigate Mycotoxins
Authors: Zhu Yan , Hassan Yousef , Lepp Dion , Shao Suqin , Zhou Ting
Published: April 2017

Mycotoxins, the secondary metabolites of mycotoxigenic fungi, have been found in almost all agricultural commodities worldwide, causing enormous economic losses in livestock production and severe human health problems. Compared to traditional physical adsorption and chemical reactions, interest in biological detoxification methods that are environmentally sound, safe and highly efficient has seen a significant increase in recent years. However, researchers in this field have been facing tremendous unexpected challenges and are eager to find solutions. This review summarizes and assesses the research strategies and methodologies in each phase of the development of microbiological solutions for mycotoxin mitigation. These include screening of functional microbial consortia from natural samples, isolation and identification of single colonies with biotransformation activity, investigation of the physiological characteristics of isolated strains, identification and assessment of the toxicities of biotransformation products, purification of functional enzymes and the application of mycotoxin decontamination to feed/food production. A full understanding and appropriate application of this tool box should be helpful towards the development of novel microbiological solutions on mycotoxin detoxification.
Insights into the Structure of the Vip3Aa Insecticidal Protein by Protease Digestion Analysis
Authors: Bel Yolanda , Banyuls Núria , Chakroun Maissa , Escriche Baltasar , Ferré Juan
Published: April 2017

Vip3 proteins are secretable proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis whose mode of action is still poorly understood. In this study, the activation process for Vip3 proteins was closely examined in order to better understand the Vip3Aa protein stability and to shed light on its structure. The Vip3Aa protoxin (of 89 kDa) was treated with trypsin at concentrations from 1:100 to 120:100 (trypsin:Vip3A, w:w). If the action of trypsin was not properly neutralized, the results of SDS-PAGE analysis (as well as those with Agrotis ipsilon midgut juice) equivocally indicated that the protoxin could be completely processed. However, when the proteolytic reaction was efficiently stopped, it was revealed that the protoxin was only cleaved at a primary cleavage site, regardless of the amount of trypsin used. The 66 kDa and the 19 kDa peptides generated by the proteases co-eluted after gel filtration chromatography, indicating that they remain together after cleavage. The 66 kDa fragment was found to be extremely resistant to proteases. The trypsin treatment of the protoxin in the presence of SDS revealed the presence of secondary cleavage sites at S-509, and presumably at T-466 and V-372, rendering C-terminal fragments of approximately 29, 32, and 42 kDa, respectively. The fact that the predicted secondary structure of the Vip3Aa protein shows a cluster of beta sheets in the C-terminal region of the protein might be the reason behind the higher stability to proteases compared to the rest of the protein, which is mainly composed of alpha helices.
MimiLook: A Phylogenetic Workflow for Detection of Gene Acquisition in Major Orthologous Groups of Megavirales
Authors: Jain Sourabh , Panda Arup , Colson Philippe , Raoult Didier , Pontarotti Pierre
Published: April 2017

With the inclusion of new members, understanding about evolutionary mechanisms and processes by which members of the proposed order, Megavirales, have evolved has become a key area of interest. The central role of gene acquisition has been shown in previous studies. However, the major drawback in gene acquisition studies is the focus on few MV families or putative families with large variation in their genetic structure. Thus, here we have tried to develop a methodology by which we can detect horizontal gene transfers (HGTs), taking into consideration orthologous groups of distantly related Megavirale families. Here, we report an automated workflow MimiLook, prepared as a Perl command line program, that deduces orthologous groups (OGs) from ORFomes of Megavirales and constructs phylogenetic trees by performing alignment generation, alignment editing and protein-protein BLAST (BLASTP) searching across the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) non-redundant (nr) protein sequence database. Finally, this tool detects statistically validated events of gene acquisitions with the help of the T-REX algorithm by comparing individual gene tree with NCBI species tree. In between the steps, the workflow decides about handling paralogs, filtering outputs, identifying Megavirale specific OGs, detection of HGTs, along with retrieval of information about those OGs that are monophyletic with organisms from cellular domains of life. By implementing MimiLook, we noticed that nine percent of Megavirale gene families (i.e., OGs) have been acquired by HGT, 80% OGs were Megaviralespecific and eight percent were found to be sharing common ancestry with members of cellular domains (Eukaryote, Bacteria, Archaea, Phages or other viruses) and three percent were ambivalent. The results are briefly discussed to emphasize methodology. Also, MimiLook is relevant for detecting evolutionary scenarios in other targeted phyla with user defined modifications. It can be accessed at following link 10.6084/m9.figshare.4653622.
Mapping the Viability, Time, and Cost of Manual Borehole Drilling in Developing Regions
Authors: Martínez-Santos Pedro , Martín-Loeches Miguel , Solera Daniel , Cano Beatriz , Díaz-Alcaide Silvia
Published: April 2017

While access to water remains an issue in arid and semiarid regions across the world, aquifers have the potential to help millions of people out of poverty by providing a reliable source of drinking and irrigation water. Manual boreholes are increasingly advocated as a safe and cost-effective substitute to mechanized drilling, as well as to traditional excavation methods. This research banks on the assumption that field and remote sensing data can be integrated within a geospatial database in order to map the viability of manual boreholes based on factors such as rock type, water table depth, landforms, or water quality. The approach presents three main novelties in relation to methodological precedents: (1) outcomes are not only expressed in terms of technical feasibility, but also as a function of drilling time and cost; (2) maps refer to a specific drilling technique; and (3) results take into account borehole diameter, as this constrains both drilling time and cost. The method provides univocal outcomes that can be immediately useful for non-experts, donors, planners, or practitioners and that can be readily exported to other catchment-scale settings. Results were validated against geophysical data.
3D Nanoprinting via laser-assisted electron beam induced deposition: growth kinetics, enhanced purity, and electrical resistivity
Authors: Lewis Brett B , Winkler Robert , Sang Xiahan , Pudasaini Pushpa R , Stanford Michael G , Plank Harald , Unocic Raymond R , Fowlkes Jason D , Rack Philip D
Published: April 2017

We investigate the growth, purity, grain structure/morphology, and electrical resistivity of 3D platinum nanowires synthesized via electron beam induced deposition with and without an in situ pulsed laser assist process which photothermally couples to the growing Pt–C deposits. Notably, we demonstrate: 1) higher platinum concentration and a coalescence of the otherwise Pt–C nanogranular material, 2) a slight enhancement in the deposit resolution and 3) a 100-fold improvement in the conductivity of suspended nanowires grown with the in situ photothermal assist process, while retaining a high degree of shape fidelity.
Parameter Estimation for Gravitational-wave Bursts with the BayesWave Pipeline
Authors: Bécsy Bence , Raffai Peter , Cornish Neil J. , Essick Reed , Kanner Jonah , Katsavounidis Erik , Littenberg Tyson B. , Millhouse Margaret , Vitale Salvatore
Published: April 2017

We provide a comprehensive multi-aspect study of the performance of a pipeline used by the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration for estimating parameters of gravitational-wave bursts. We add simulated signals with four different morphologies (sine-Gaussians (SGs), Gaussians, white-noise bursts, and binary black hole signals) to simulated noise samples representing noise of the two Advanced LIGO detectors during their first observing run. We recover them with the BayesWave (BW) pipeline to study its accuracy in sky localization, waveform reconstruction, and estimation of model-independent waveform parameters. BW localizes sources with a level of accuracy comparable for all four morphologies, with the median separation of actual and estimated sky locations ranging from 25.°1 to 30.°3. This is a reasonable accuracy in the two-detector case, and is comparable to accuracies of other localization methods studied previously. As BW reconstructs generic transient signals with SG wavelets, it is unsurprising that BW performs best in reconstructing SG and Gaussian waveforms. The BW accuracy in waveform reconstruction increases steeply with the network signal-to-noise ratio (S/N

), reaching a 85% and 95% match between the reconstructed and actual waveform below S/N

and S/N

, respectively, for all morphologies. The BW accuracy in estimating central moments of waveforms is only limited by statistical errors in the frequency domain, and is also affected by systematic errors in the time domain as BW cannot reconstruct low-amplitude parts of signals that are overwhelmed by noise. The figures of merit we introduce can be used in future characterizations of parameter estimation pipelines.
Three-dimensional Magnetohydrodynamical Simulations of the Morphology of Head–Tail Radio Galaxies Based on the Magnetic Tower Jet Model
Authors: Gan Zhaoming , Li Hui , Li Shengtai , Yuan Feng
Published: April 2017

The distinctive morphology of head–tail radio galaxies reveals strong interactions between the radio jets and their intra-cluster environment, the general consensus on the morphology origin of head–tail sources is that radio jets are bent by violent intra-cluster weather. We demonstrate in this paper that such strong interactions provide a great opportunity to study the jet properties and also the dynamics of the intra-cluster medium (ICM). By three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations, we analyze the detailed bending process of a magnetically dominated jet, based on the magnetic tower jet model. We use stratified atmospheres modulated by wind/shock to mimic the violent intra-cluster weather. Core sloshing is found to be inevitable during the wind-cluster core interaction, which induces significant shear motion and could finally drive ICM turbulence around the jet, making it difficult for the jet to survive. We perform a detailed comparison between the behavior of pure hydrodynamical jets and the magnetic tower jet and find that the jet-lobe morphology could not survive against the violent disruption in all of our pure hydrodynamical jet models. On the other hand, the head–tail morphology is well reproduced by using a magnetic tower jet model bent by wind, in which hydrodynamical instabilities are naturally suppressed and the jet could always keep its integrity under the protection of its internal magnetic fields. Finally, we also check the possibility for jet bending by shock only. We find that shock could not bend the jet significantly, and thus could not be expected to explain the observed long tails in head–tail radio galaxies.
Updated Evolutionary Sequences for Hydrogen-deficient White Dwarfs
Authors: Camisassa María E. , Althaus Leandro G. , Rohrmann René D. , García-Berro Enrique , Torres Santiago , Córsico Alejandro H. , Wachlin Felipe C.
Published: April 2017

We present a set of full evolutionary sequences for white dwarfs with hydrogen-deficient atmospheres. We take into account the evolutionary history of the progenitor stars, all the relevant energy sources involved in the cooling, element diffusion in the very outer layers, and outer boundary conditions provided by new and detailed non-gray white dwarf model atmospheres for pure helium composition. These model atmospheres are based on the most up-to-date physical inputs. Our calculations extend down to very low effective temperatures, of ∼2500 K, provide a homogeneous set of evolutionary cooling tracks that are appropriate for mass and age determinations of old hydrogen-deficient white dwarfs, and represent a clear improvement over previous efforts, which were computed using gray atmospheres.
Solar Filament Longitudinal Oscillations along a Magnetic Field Tube with Two Dips
Authors: Zhou 周 Yu-Hao 雨昊 , Zhang 张 Li-Yue 蠡岳 , Ouyang 欧 Y. 阳雨 , Chen 陈 P. F. 鹏飞 , Fang 方 C. 成
Published: April 2017

Large-amplitude longitudinal oscillations of solar filaments have been observed and explored for more than ten years. Previous studies are mainly based on the one-dimensional rigid flux tube model with a single magnetic dip. However, it has been noted that there might be two magnetic dips, and hence two threads, along one magnetic field line. Following previous work, we intend to investigate the kinematics of the filament longitudinal oscillations when two threads are magnetically connected, which is done by solving one-dimensional radiative hydrodynamic equations with the numerical code MPI-AMRVAC. Two different types of perturbations are considered, and the difference from previous works resulting from the interaction of the two filament threads is investigated. We find that even with the inclusion of the thread–thread interaction, the oscillation period is modified weakly, by at most 20% compared to the traditional pendulum model with one thread. However, the damping timescale is significantly affected by the thread–thread interaction. Hence, we should take it into account when applying the consistent seismology to the filaments where two threads are magnetically connected.
New Spectral Evidence of an Unaccounted Component of the Near-infrared Extragalactic Background Light from the CIBER
Authors: Matsuura Shuji , Arai Toshiaki , Bock James J. , Cooray Asantha , Korngut Phillip M. , Kim Min Gyu , Lee Hyung Mok , Lee Dae Hee , Levenson Louis R. , Matsumoto Toshio , Onishi Yosuke , Shirahata Mai , Tsumura Kohji , Wada Takehiko , Zemcov Michael
Published: April 2017

The extragalactic background light (EBL) captures the total integrated emission from stars and galaxies throughout the cosmic history. The amplitude of the near-infrared EBL from space absolute photometry observations has been controversial and depends strongly on the modeling and subtraction of the zodiacal light (ZL) foreground. We report the first measurement of the diffuse background spectrum at 0.8–1.7 μm from the CIBER experiment. The observations were obtained with an absolute spectrometer over two flights in multiple sky fields to enable the subtraction of ZL, stars, terrestrial emission, and diffuse Galactic light. After subtracting foregrounds and accounting for systematic errors, we find the nominal EBL brightness, assuming the Kelsall ZL model, is

nW m−2 sr−1 at 1.4 μm. We also analyzed the data using the Wright ZL model, which results in a worse statistical fit to the data and an unphysical EBL, falling below the known background light from galaxies at λ < 1.3 μm. Using a model-independent analysis based on the minimum EBL brightness, we find an EBL brightness of

nWm−2 sr−1 at 1.4 μm. While the derived EBL amplitude strongly depends on the ZL model, we find that we cannot fit the spectral data to ZL, Galactic emission, and EBL from solely integrated galactic light from galaxy counts. The results require a new diffuse component, such as an additional foreground or an excess EBL with a redder spectrum than that of ZL.
Submillimeter Array 12CO (2-1) Imaging of the NGC 6946 Giant Molecular Clouds
Authors: Wu Ya-Lin , Sakamoto Kazushi , Pan Hsi-An
Published: April 2017

We present a 12CO (2–1) mosaic map of the spiral galaxy NGC 6946 by combining data from the Submillimeter Array and the IRAM 30 m telescope. We identify 390 giant molecular clouds (GMCs) from the nucleus to 4.5 kpc in the disk. GMCs in the inner 1 kpc are generally more luminous and turbulent, some of which have luminosities >106 K km s−1 pc2 and velocity dispersions >10 km s−1. Large-scale bar-driven dynamics likely regulate GMC properties in the nuclear region. Similar to the Milky Way and other disk galaxies, GMC mass function of NGC 6946 has a shallower slope (index > −2) in the inner region, and a steeper slope (index < −2) in the outer region. This difference in mass spectra may be indicative of different cloud formation pathways: gravitational instabilities might play a major role in the nuclear region, while cloud coalescence might be dominant in the outer disk. Finally, the NGC 6946 clouds are similar to those in M33 in terms of statistical properties, but they are generally less luminous and turbulent than the M51 clouds.
Proton and Helium Spectra from the CREAM-III Flight
Authors: Yoon Y. S. , Anderson T. , Barrau A. , Conklin N. B. , Coutu S. , Derome L. , Han J. H. , Jeon J. A. , Kim K. C. , Kim M. H. , Lee H. Y. , Lee J. , Lee M. H. , Lee S. E. , Link J. T. , Menchaca-Rocha A. , Mitchell J. W. , Mognet S. I. , Nutter S. , Park I. H. , Picot-Clemente N. , Putze A. , Seo E. S. , Smith J. , Wu J.
Published: April 2017

Primary cosmic-ray elemental spectra have been measured with the balloon-borne Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) experiment since 2004. The third CREAM payload (CREAM-III) flew for 29 days during the 2007–2008 Antarctic season. Energies of incident particles above 1 TeV are measured with a calorimeter. Individual elements are clearly separated with a charge resolution of ∼0.12 e (in charge units) and ∼0.14 e for protons and helium nuclei, respectively, using two layers of silicon charge detectors. The measured proton and helium energy spectra at the top of the atmosphere are harder than other existing measurements at a few tens of GeV. The relative abundance of protons to helium nuclei is 9.53 ± 0.03 for the range of 1 TeV/n to 63 TeV/n. This ratio is considerably smaller than other measurements at a few tens of GeV/n. The spectra become softer above ∼20 TeV. However, our statistical uncertainties are large at these energies and more data are needed.
The Planetary Mass–Radius Relation and Its Dependence on Orbital Period as Measured by Transit Timing Variations and Radial Velocities
Authors: Mills Sean M. , Mazeh Tsevi
Published: April 2017

The two most common techniques for measuring planetary masses—the radial velocity (RV) and the transit timing variation (TTV) techniques—have been observed to yield systematically different masses for planets of similar radii. Following Steffen, we consider the effects of the observational biases of the two methods as a possible cause for this difference. We find that at short orbital periods (

day), the two methods produce statistically similar results, whereas at long periods (

day) the RV masses are systematically higher than the TTV ones. We suggest that this is consistent with an RV detection-sensitivity bias for longer periods. On the other hand, we do find an apparently significant difference between the short- and the long-period planets, obtained by both observing techniques—the mass–radius relationship parameterized as a power law has a steeper index at short periods than at long periods. We also point out another anticipated observational bias between the two techniques—multiple-planet systems with derived RV masses have substantially larger period ratios than the systems with TTV mass derivation.
Observations on food preference of Neotropical land planarians (Platyhelminthes), with emphasis on Obama anthropophila, and their phylogenetic diversification
Authors: Cseh Amanda , Carbayo Fernando , Froehlich Eudóxia Maria
Published: April 2017

The food preference ofObama anthropophilaAmaral, Leal-Zanchet & Carbayo, 2015, a species that seems to be spreading across Brazil’s human-modified environments, was investigated. Extensive experiments led to the conclusion that the generalized diet of this species may have facilitated its dispersal. The analysis of 132 feeding records of 44 geoplaninid species revealed a tendency for closely related species to feed on individuals from similar taxonomic groups, suggesting that in this group behavioral evolution is more conserved than phylogenetic diversification.
Une somme d’éthique chrétienne en chantier. Le dossier de travail d’une nouvelle version de la Summa Astesana (vers 1323)
Authors: Boureau Alain
Published: April 2017

Deux gros manuscrits florentins présentent, à la suite d’une copie de la Summa canoniste rédigée dans les années 1270 par le franciscain slovène Monaldo da Capodistria, deux longs dossiers identiques de textes juridiques et théologiques. On montre ici que ce dossier correspondait à une tentative, vers 1323, de mise à jour de la somme des confesseurs du franciscain Astesano, et sans doute destinée au cardinal Giovanni Gaetano Orsini. Cet ouvrage illustre la fondation nouvelle d’une morale casuistique autonome, qui prend en charge les conditions locales réelles et les situations des individus, au confluent du souci thomiste du Bien commun et de la poursuite franciscaine des singularités.
Les Excerpta de libro Aristotelis Ethicorum secundum translationem de arabico in latinum
Authors: Woerther Frédérique
Published: April 2017

Trois manuscrits — Scorialensis Q I 8 (S), Guelferbytanus Gud. Lat.  10 (G) et Vindobonensis 3134 Han. (W) — contiennent un texte intitulé « Extraits du livre des Éthiques d’Aristote, d’après la traduction latine de l’arabe » ( Excerpta de libro Aristotelis Ethicorum secundum translationem de arabico in latinum ), tirés en réalité du Commentaire moyen d’Averroès à l’ Éthique à Nicomaque . L’objet de cette recherche est de proposer une édition de ces extraits ; d’en fournir une traduction ; de discuter de la valeur éventuelle de S, G et W pour l’établissement du Commentaire d’Averroès ; d’identifier les passages du Commentaire d’Averroès utilisés par l’excerpteur, et d’en présenter brièvement les caractéristiques.
Le feu brûlera-t-il l’étoupe ? Guiral Ot sur l’influence céleste à la fin des temps
Authors: Sorokina Maria , Schabel Chris
Published: April 2017

Dans deux questions de son commentaire des Sentences ( dist.  47-48, lib.  IV), Guiral Ot O.F.M. ( ca.  1285-1348) s’interroge sur l’arrêt des mouvements célestes après l’Apocalypse et ses possibles conséquences sur le monde sublunaire. Il polémique, sans les nommer, avec Pierre Auriol et Jean Duns Scot, et il soutient une position originale : l’arrêt temporaire des corps célestes à la fin des temps. Une édition critique annotée de ces deux questions est présentée ici pour la première fois.
Care, stigmatisation sociale et femmes : un lien inexorable ?
Authors: Memmi Dominique
Published: April 2017

Résumé Le lien entre care, stigmatisation sociale et femmes est-il inexorable ? Et si non, à quelles conditions ? La dévalorisation relative des métiers (voire des simples activités sociales) où prédominent les femmes d'une part, le care d'autre part, est assez générale dans nos sociétés. On travaillera ici la relation entre ces trois éléments à partir d'un objet où ils sont ­ et plutôt se trouvaient il y a peu ­ complètement absents : le métier d'infirmier en chambre mortuaire. L'investigation de ce rapport permet quelques constats. On apprend d'abord que parier sur le care dans un métier peut s'avérer une stratégie payante. La « féminisation » d'une profession peut ensuite s'avérer, elle aussi, avantageuse : il faut pour le comprendre s'émanciper de raisonnements déterministes et naturalisants. Mais dans ces deux cas, la réussite suppose d'exigeantes conditions.
Distribution et variation du sentiment de peur en contexte de « risque infectieux élevé »
Authors: Tarantini Clément , Peretti-Watel Patrick
Published: April 2017

Resume Le présent article traite des discours et des pratiques organisés autour de la question du risque d'infection nosocomiale chez les professionnels de santé d'un service de « maladies infectieuses et tropicales ». Ces unités sont considérées par l'institution hospitalière comme étant « à risque infectieux élevé ». Notre enquête témoigne des liens étroits entre les représentations qu'ont ces soignants de leur contexte de travail et les processus de constructions sociales des rapports au risque d'infection. Cette analyse éclaire ainsi la production des ancrages sociaux des rapports au risque à partir, notamment, des théories de la sociologie du stigmate et des émotions, le sentiment d'être stigmatisé étant intensément lié à la peur inhérente à ce contexte professionnel « risqué ».
Le marché comme instrument politique
Authors: Ansaloni Matthieu
Published: April 2017

Resume À partir de l'exemple du marché de la formation préparant à l'obtention du certificat d'usage des pesticides, cet article appréhende une modalité centrale d'exercice du pouvoir politique contemporain par laquelle les agents de l'État initient un marché pour prendre en charge un problème public. Se démarquant des études sur la gouvernementalité, notre enquête révèle dans notre cas d'étude un évidement de la capacité d'action du ministère de l'Agriculture. Cette situation favorise l'autonomisation des pratiques marchandes vis-à-vis de la réglementation, donc l'hétéronomisation de l'action étatique. L'article analyse pourquoi, au moment de la création du marché comme lors de sa régulation, le rapport de force était défavorable aux agents du ministère de l'Agriculture, au profit de ses fournisseurs.
Citoyenneté et orientation à l’adolescence : dialectique des processus identitaires et de socialisation
Authors: Fourchard Frédéric , Huet-Gueye Marie , Beaumatin Ania , Rouyer Véronique , Larroze-Marracq Hervé , Mieyaa  Yoan , Lannegrand-Willems Lyda
Published: April 2017

Cet article propose une réflexion théorique sur la notion de citoyenneté et ses implications sur la construction identitaire et sur l’orientation scolaire et professionnelle à l’adolescence. La citoyenneté est appréhendée comme une construction historique et sociale qui soulève de fortes contradictions dans les champs de l’éducation et de l’orientation scolaire et qui nécessite un approfondissement des recherches sur les processus psychologiques engagés dans son développement. La réflexion se centre ensuite sur une conception de la socialisation active, plurielle et conflictuelle et montre comment elle s’articule aux questions d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle. Dans ce cadre, la socialisation de l’adolescent.e dans ses différents milieux de vie débouche sur une forme de socialisation politique où les relations entre engagement civique et construction identitaire semblent occuper une place centrale. Enfin, des perspectives de recherches sont proposées sur l’engagement civique et sur des configurations d’orientation et de formation largement marquées par des rapports sociaux différenciés.
Controlled Intelligent Agents' Security Model for Multi-Tenant Cloud Computing Infrastructures
Authors: Hamilton Howard , Alasti Hadi
Published: April 2017

Data security in the cloud continues to be a huge concern. The adoption of cloud services continues to increase with more businesses transitioning from on premise technology infrastructures to outsourcing cloud-based infrastructures. As the cloud becomes more popular, users are increasingly demanding control over critical security elements of the data and technology assets that are in the cloud. In addition, there are still cries for greater data and security in the cloud. The goal of this paper is to provide cloud service users with greater control over data security in the cloud while at the same time optimizing overall security in the multi-tenant cloud computing environment. This paper introduces cloud-based intelligent agents that are configurable by the users and are expected to give greater compliance for data security in any of the cloud service models.
Utilizing an Augmented Reality System to Address Phantom Limb Syndrome in a Cloud-Based Environment
Authors: Sheikh Afeef
Published: April 2017

Phantom Limb Syndrome (PLS) is the perception of sensations, often including chronic intense pain localized to the site of an amputated or denervated limb. This syndrome is relatively common in amputees; the pain often reflects the amount of pre-amputation pain, and is often refractory to excision of amputation neuroma, rubbing, electrical stimulation, peripheral nerve or spinal blocks, narcotics, and sympathectomy (Alviar et al., 2011). Mirror therapy, a present method of rehabilitation, is estimated to be only 60% effective in upper limb amputees while also requiring expensive equipment and monitoring by a caretaker or technician. This paper is aimed at designing an affordable, effective, and accessible alternative solution to address the rehabilitation challenges associated with PLS. Using the power of Augmented Reality (AR) coupled with open source software, such as Unity3D and Vuforia, and commonly used devices like cellphones and computers, the prototype can read muscle activity and create an onscreen image of a virtual hand in place-of the individual's lost hand and can mimic basic hand movements through the use of an AR camera. Due to the limited processing power present within most cellphones, the solution is being refined to capitalize on Cloud computing. In doing so, the hand model can be rendered offsite and streamed directly to the phone, resulting in a higher equality image. The efficacy of this solution has not yet been tested on human subjects by virtue of legal restrictions. This system is currently being forwarded to qualified individuals who have the necessary credentials to perform clinical trials in a certified lab environment.
A Study and Implementation of a Movie Recommendation System in a Cloud-based Environment
Authors: Raigoza Jaime , Karande Vikrantsinh
Published: April 2017

The availability of huge amounts of data in recent years have led users to being faced with an overload of choices. The outcome is a growth on the importance of recommendation systems due to their ability to solve this choice overload problem, by providing users with the most relevant products from many possible choices. For producing recommendations, things like a user's psychological profile, their browsing history and movie ratings from other users can be considered. To determine how strongly two user's behavior are related to each other, a Pearson correlation coefficient value is often calculated. In this paper, we study the recommendation system on a proposed cloud based environment to produce a list of recommended movies based on a user's profile information. Based on the Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) model implemented, we discuss the concepts such as collaborative filtering and content-based filtering. Given a MovieLens data-set, our results indicate that the proposed approach can provide a high performance in terms of precision, and generate more reliable and personalized movie recommendations, when given a greater number of movies rated by a user. An evaluation was done under minimal known data, which commonly leads to the cold-start problem.