bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The genus Muscarella (Orchidaceae): two new synonyms

Authors: THOERLE LISA , KARREMANS ADAM P.
Published: August 2019

Recently, the new monospecific genus Vaginaella Vierling (2018: 19) was proposed to accommodate the proposed species Vaginaella stromatolithoides Vierling (2018: 19). After comparing the original description and illustration of Muscarella rojohnii (Luer 2006: 115, 134) and a photograph of the plant from which the holotype was made (Fig. 1) with the description, illustration and photographs in Vierling (2018) and a photograph of the holotype, we conclude that V. stromatolithoides is synonymous with M. rojohnii, and that Vaginaella cannot be separated from Muscarella Luer (2006: 94).
A review of the genus Oodescelis Motschulsky, 1845 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Platyscelidini) from China
Authors: BAI XING-LONG , LI XIU-MIN , REN GUO-DONG
Published: August 2019

The Chinese species of the genus Oodescelis Motschulsky, 1845 are revised. Fifteen species belonging to five subgenera are listed. O. (Acutoodescelis) emmerichi Kaszab, 1940 is proposed as subspecies of O. (A.) punctatissima (Fairmaire, 1886) [O. (A.) punctatissima emmerichi Kaszab, 1940, stat. n.]. A new synonym is established: O. (A.) pyripenis Ren, 1999 = O. (A.) punctatissima (Fairmaire, 1886), syn. n. based on the morphological characters, geographic distribution, and assessment on the molecular phylogeny [except O. (A.) pyripenis]. A new subspecies and a new species are described: O. (A.) punctatissima henanana Bai & Ren, subsp. nov. from Henan and O. (Planoodescelis) lii Bai & Ren, sp. nov. from Hubei. Lectotypes for the follwoing species are designated: Platyscelis punctatissima Fairmaire, 1886, Platyscelis (Oodescelis) affinis Seidlitz, 1893, Platyscelis (Oodescelis) brevipennis Kaszab, 1938, Platyscelis (Oodescelis) similis Kaszab, 1938, Oodescelis (Clavatoodescelis) acutanguloides Kaszab, 1940, Oodescelis (Clavatoodescelis) kuntzeni Kaszab, 1940 and Oodescelis (Clavatoodescelis) sachtlebeni Kaszab, 1940. Additional diagnostic characters of the subgenus Planoodescelis Egorov, 2004 are proposed. In addition, newly collected materials are examined, new distribution records, habitus of adults, images of male protibiae and aedeagus are provided, and a key to Chinese species is given. Furthermore, the first and preliminary molecular phylogeny of the genus is presented, and the used markers may be helpful to reconstitute the phylogenetic relations within the tribe Platyscelidini.
New taxonomic twists in shore flies as revealed in discovery of Neozealides, a new genus from New Zealand (Diptera: Ephydridae)
Authors: MATHIS WAYNE N. , ZATWARNICKI TADEUSZ
Published: August 2019

We describe Neozealides to accommodate two endemic species from New Zealand that were previously placed in the shore-fly genus Hyadina Haliday. Although similar to Hyadina, both species are more closely related to the Hyadina and Philygria groups of genera (Zatwarnicki & Ryczko 2014) than they are to species within Hyadina. To document these discoveries, we revise both species, placing them in Neozealides. Emphasis is given to structures of the male terminalia, which are fully illustrated. Detailed locality data and distribution maps for both species are provided. For perspective and to facilitate recognition of genera, the tribe Hyadinini is diagnosed and a key to genera from New Zealand is provided.
Description of a cryptic new species of Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Western Ghats of Kerala State of India
Authors: SAYYED AMIT , GRISMER L. LEE , CAMPBELL PATRICK D , DILEEPKUMAR RAVEENDRAN
Published: August 2019

We describe a cryptic new species of gecko of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch from the southern Western Ghats of Kerala. This medium-sized Cnemaspis species is differentiated from all other Indian congeners by a suite of the following distinct morphological characters: heterogeneous mid-dorsal scales, 6–7 supralabials; 113–120 paravertebral rows of tubercles; 71–85 mid-dorsal scales; absence of spine-like tubercles on flanks; subimbricate, smooth ventral scales; 135–140 mid-ventral scales; subdigital lamellae under fourth digit of manus 23–25; subdigital lamellae under fourth digit of pes 24–25; males with 7–8 precloacal pores; median row of subcaudals enlarged, smooth, a series of two large scales alternating, containing one divided scale; head and neck colouration brownish-yellow, consistent in adult males; adult females with orange coloured head and neck. Recent new descriptions of Cnemaspis species together with the present discovery show that the southern Western Ghats species have been overlooked by previous studies. Therefore we suggest further studies to evaluate the diversity of Cnemaspis in this region.
HackRF + GNU Radio: A software-defined radio to teach communication theory
Authors: Del Barrio Alberto A , Manzano José P , Maroto Víctor M , Villarín Álvaro , Pagán Josué , Zapater Marina , Ayala José , Hermida Román
Published: August 2019

In this paper, an alternative to the traditional methodology related to signal processing-like subjects is proposed. These are subjects that require a deep mathematical and theoretical basis, but the practical goal is not often emphasized, which drives students to lose interest in the subject. Thus, a software-defined radio environment is proposed to provide a more practical view of the subject. This solution consists of an open hardware–software platform able to capture and process a wide range of frequencies. HackRF is the hardware component, while GNU Radio will provide the graphical support to this device. The tests performed with a set of 36 students have revealed that they are more satisfied with this framework than just employing a traditional equation-based environment as Matlab. Furthermore, their scores in the exams also support the suitability of the proposed platform.
Micromechanical evaluation of failure models for unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Arefi Azam , van der Meer Frans P , Forouzan Mohammad Reza , Silani Mohammad , Salimi Mahmoud
Published: August 2019

In this paper, micromechanical simulations are employed to evaluate the performance of the Tsai–Wu and Hashin failure criteria for fiber-reinforced composites, especially in stress states whose experimental reproduction is complicated. Micromechanical responses are generated using a finite element model of a representative volume element, in which only the matrix material experiences damage and the fibers are assumed to be elastic. Micromechanical simulations of basic load cases are used to calibrate macrolevel criteria. Finally, the response of the micromodel and macromodels is compared for various load combinations. Despite a good agreement between Tsai–Wu criterion predictions and micromodel results in a wide range of stress states, some stress combinations are highlighted for which the strength is not predicted accurately. Additionally, accuracy of the Hashin criterion suffers from ignoring the influence of stress in fiber direction on matrix failure.
Design and finite element assessment of fully uncoupled multi-directional layups for delamination tests
Authors: Garulli Torquato , Catapano Anita , Fanteria Daniele , Jumel Julien , Martin Eric
Published: August 2019

In this paper, a procedure to obtain fully uncoupled multi-directional stacking sequences for delamination specimens is outlined. For such sequences, in-plane, membrane-bending and torsion–bending coupling terms are null (in closed-form solution in the framework of classical laminated plate theory) for the entire stack and for both its halves, which form two arms in the pre-cracked region of a typical delamination specimen. This is achieved exploiting the superposition of quasi-trivial quasi-homogeneous stacking sequences, according to appropriate rules. Any pair of orientations of the plies embedding the delamination plane can be obtained. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a fully uncoupled multi-directional sequence is designed and compared to other relevant sequences proposed in the literature. Finite element simulations of double cantilever beam test are performed using classic virtual crack closure technique and a revised state-of-the-art virtual crack closure technique formulation too. Some interesting conclusions regarding proper design of multidirectional stacks for delamination tests are drawn. Moreover, the results confirm the suitability of fully uncoupled multi-directional sequences for delamination tests. Thanks to their properties, these sequences might lay the foundations for the development of standard test procedures for delamination in angle-ply interfaces.
Development of a methodology for characterizing reaction kinetics, rheology, and in situ compaction of polyimide prepregs during cure
Authors: Magato James , Klosterman Donald
Published: August 2019

PMR-type polyimide prepregs are challenging to fabricate into high quality composites due to volatiles that are generated and must be removed in situ during processing. The current work was conducted to develop accurate, reliable, and practical characterization techniques of the prepreg rheology, volatile generation, and subsequent volatile removal from the prepreg during composite fabrication. Thermal analysis was used to characterize volatile generation, reaction rates, and rheology. A novel approach was used to measure the thickness of the prepreg in situ during vacuum bag/oven processing using a high-temperature LVDT. Experimental results are presented for the commercially available RM-1100 polyimide/carbon prepreg system, including the reaction rate, rheology, and panel thickness results for a series of heating rates and ply counts. The results show the key interrelationships in these coupled phenomena and how that information can be used to select the optimum temperature of pressure application to minimize the final void content.
Speech Perception: Phonological Neighborhood Effects on Word Recognition Persist Despite Semantic Sentence Context
Authors: Cervera-Crespo Teresa , González-Álvarez Julio
Published: August 2019

This study tested the hypothesis that two lexical properties, both phonological neighborhood density (ND) and neighborhood frequency (NF), influence the recognition of target words when preceded by either a semantically congruent or semantically neutral context. Our study is the first to test this hypothesis using a language other than English (i.e., Spanish). We used highly familiar bisyllabic nouns with medium-frequency occurrence as target words, and we expected recognition accuracy to increase as ND and NF decreased in both semanticallly congruent and semantically neutral sentences. We presented 48 undergraduate listeners with a set of 80 words, differing in ND and NF, within these two sentence contexts (i.e., 160 sentences). We then tested the relationships between ND, NF, and variations in semantic sentence context within a linear logistic model and found that words with a low frequency of neighbors were more likely to be correctly recognized in both sentence contexts. Thus, during word recognition, the influence of phonological competition outweighed semantic sentence context even when words were presented in Spanish.
Sex, Race, and Culture: Constructing Theological Anthropology for the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Doak Mary
Published: August 2019

Pre-Vatican II theological anthropology focused attention on the exercise of human freedom as embodied in time and oriented to community. Post-Vatican II theology has deepened this trajectory by reflecting on the specific conditions and experiences of human embodiment, as well as the cultural and historical contexts that ground efforts to realize the ideal of persons-in-community. This article explores the contributions of theological anthropologies that take seriously gender, race, history, and culture in theology, and argues for further contemporary, enculturated, and embodied reflections on sin and grace.
Towards a Theology of Childhood: Children’s Agency and the Reign of God
Authors: McEvoy James Gerard
Published: August 2019

This article contributes to a theology of childhood in the context of recent research in the social sciences on children’s lives and the nature of childhood. The clergy sexual abuse crisis heightens the need for such a theology. First, the author offers an account of children’s social agency, with particular attention to cognition and sociality, arguing that an interpretative approach affords the best account. Second, the argument takes a christological turn, examining Jesus’s welcoming of children and the statement “it is to such as these that the kingdom of God belongs” (Mark 10:14), to consider what can be learnt about Jesus’s appreciation of children’s agency.
The Possibilities of Grace amid Persistent Depression
Authors: Coblentz Jessica
Published: August 2019

Chronic and recurring depression presents challenges to theologians working on the doctrine of grace. First, its frequent misrepresentation inhibits accurate perceptions of God’s loving presence in this context. Second, like all suffering, it threatens the affirmation of divine benevolence upon which the doctrine is predicated. Third, the moral complexities of depression obfuscate grace’s healing effects. To meet these challenges and clarify the contextual work of grace, the author draws on depression narratives to identify the effects of grace as gratuitous, elevating, and healing expansions of possibility that many sufferers experience as depression persists.
Online Learning Perspectives of Native American Students
Authors: Hunt Brittany D. , Oyarzun Beth
Published: August 2019

With Native American college matriculation on the rise and with online learning increasing in popularity, a need exists to bridge the two and to develop online learning practices that are culturally responsive. Kirkness and Barnhardt identify four principles central to American Indian education: respect, relevance, reciprocity, and responsibility. These four principles were used as the framework of this ethnographic, qualitative study, which included two Native American female students enrolled in an online course at a large 4-year University in the southeast. Results showed that students wanted supportive learning environments, Indigenous curriculum and perspectives represented online classrooms, interaction with professors and peers, and opportunities for project-based learning.
Stolen Life’s Poetic Revolt
Authors: Odysseos Louiza
Published: August 2019

Joining the discussion of revolution and resistance in world politics, this article puts forward the idea of poetic revolt as a necessary companion to these terms, one which centres attention on the ongoing reverberations of transatlantic slavery – what have been called its ‘afterlives’ (Saidiya Hartman, Édouard Glissant). Engaging with contributions to poetics, black studies and black feminist thought, it first develops a theoretical orientation of the ongoingness of slavery as a ‘grammar of captivity’ (Hortense Spillers) that ‘wake work’, a term proposed by Christina Sharpe, aims to disrupt. The article calls for methodological attention to the fugitive and wayward arts and acts of living, that is, what Sylvia Wynter and Fred Moten call the ‘sociopoetic’ practices of enslaved and legally-emancipated populations to illuminate the simultaneity and entanglement of structuring violence and poetic revolt. Second, drawing on Spillers’ scholarship on homiletics – the study of and participation in sermons – in particular United States contexts, it identifies and discusses three aspects of poetic revolt: ‘fabulation’, world-making otherwise and resignification, through which such communities developed a critical and insurgent posture aimed at rupturing this grammar of captivity and at forging critical, futurally-oriented sociabilities. Third, in conclusion, it discusses the links of poetic revolt, in its specificity in Atlantic slavery, to wider systemic critique. Pluralising our thinking on revolution and resistance, poetic revolt, it argues, is best seen as a critical meditation on futurity.
An evaluation of tribological and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu alloy with nano-clay particles reinforcement
Authors: Kamali Fahimeh , Azadi Mahboobeh
Published: August 2019

In this paper, comparative evaluations on the mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu alloy reinforced by nano-clay mineral particles were carried out. Such nano-composites contained 1 wt% nano-clay particles and were manufactured through the stir casting with various stirring temperatures and times. Mechanical behaviors such as the hardness and compressive strengths, the elastic modulus and wear properties were studied. The microstructural observations were conducted by the optical and the scanning electron microscopy. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images showed that nano-clay particles distributed uniformly in the aluminum matrix for the nano-composite fabricated at 800 ℃ and was stirred for 2 min. Besides, the lower stirring temperature of 750 ℃ caused a degree of clustering with a size of lower than 200 nm in some places. In comparison with the base alloy, an improvement of 5% to 33% in Brinell hardness value observed for various nano-composites. The wear resistance of various nano-composites also increased two to five times regarding the base alloy. The parameter of µ/E. H2 would predict the wear rate for all specimens. It was found that nano-composites fabricated at the temperature of 750 ℃ exhibited the lower porosity content and the higher ultimate compressive strength, and the elastic modulus.
Techno-economic analysis of freight railway electrification by overhead line, hydrogen and batteries: Case studies in Norway and USA
Authors: Zenith Federico , Isaac Raphael , Hoffrichter Andreas , Thomassen Magnus Skinlo , Møller-Holst Steffen
Published: August 2019

Two non-electrified railway lines, one in Norway and the other in the USA, are analysed for their potential to be electrified with overhead line equipment, batteries, hydrogen or hydrogen-battery hybrid powertrains. The energy requirements are established with single-train simulations, including the altitude profiles of the lines, air and rolling resistances, and locomotive tractive-effort curves. The composition of the freight trains, in terms of the number of locomotives, battery wagons, hydrogen wagons, etc. is also calculated by the same model. The different technologies are compared by the criteria of equivalent annual costs, benefit–cost ratio, payback period and up-front investment, based on the estimated techno-economic parameters for years 2020, 2030 and 2050. The results indicate the potential of batteries and fuel cells to replace diesel on rail lines with low traffic volumes.
Experimental investigation of the aerodynamic drag of roof-mounted insulators for trains
Authors: Tschepe Jonathan , Maaß Jörg-Torsten , Nayeri Christian Navid , Paschereit Christian Oliver
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the results of experimental investigations on the aerodynamic drag of roof-mounted insulators for use on low- and high-speed trains. Wind tunnel investigations at different Reynolds numbers in the subcritical, critical, and supercritical flow regime were performed, in addition to investigations using wall-mounted cylinders. Furthermore, the impact of insulator sheds made of flexible material was analyzed. For a better understanding of the aerodynamic behavior of the insulators when mounted on trains, different boundary conditions representing realistic configurations as found on the roof of trains were simulated. From the measured drag, the energy demand to overcome the aerodynamic resistance of different types of insulators was calculated. Depending on the above mentioned boundary conditions, a noticeable contribution of the insulators to the entire train's aerodynamic drag could be observed. With flexible insulator sheds, a further increased air resistance was observed with the onset of fluttering. Similar to the cylinder, the aerodynamic behavior of the insulators depends on the respective Reynolds number.
Regulating Health and Safety and Workers’ Compensation in Canada for the Mobile Workforce: Now You See Them, Now You Don’t
Authors: Lippel Katherine , Walters David
Published: August 2019

Although much research has examined the occupational health and safety (OHS) and workers’ compensation (WC) implications of precarious employment and temporary international labor migration, little is known about the implications of diverse types of employment-related geographic mobility for regulatory effectiveness of OHS and WC. This article examines different types of extended mobility to determine regulatory effectiveness of OHS and WC protections. Based on classic legal analysis in seven Canadian jurisdictions, and interviews with key informants, we found that the invisibility of the internally mobile workforce, as well as the alternating visibility and invisibility of temporary foreign workers, contribute to reduced effectiveness of the OHS and WC regulation. Results point to the need for better protections to address working conditions, but also the hazards and challenges associated with mobility itself including getting to and from work, living at work, and maintaining work–life balance while living at the worksite.
Experimental and empirical study of large transverse deformation of triangular plates subjected to water hammer shock loading
Authors: Haghgoo Mojtaba , Rezasefat Mohammad , Mahmoudi Ali , Babaei Hashem
Published: August 2019

In this paper, the dynamic plastic response of isosceles triangular plates under hydrodynamic loads was investigated experimentally using a drop hammer machine. To do this, a series of experimental tests were carried out on mild steel triangular plates with different thicknesses to bring insight into the effect of geometry and mechanical properties of the plate on the deformation of specimens, which were impacted by a piston-induced pressure wave inside a water tube. The effects of various impact loads originated from different drop hammer standoff distances, and hammer weights concerning variations of deflection of the center of mass were described. The experimental results were presented in terms of deflection of the center of mass of the plates and deflection profiles. The experimental results showed that the plate with lower thickness experienced higher deflection-to-thickness ratio. An empirical model was also proposed based on new dimensionless numbers for triangular plates in order to predict the ratio of deflection of the center of mass to thickness. The dimensionless numbers considered the effects of plate geometry, hydrodynamic applied load, and mechanical properties of materials. Comparison between the experimental results and empirical predictions demonstrated that the suggested model is accurate enough to predict of the response of isosceles triangular plates under hydrodynamic loads.
The historic emergence of intersectional leadership: Maggie Lena Walker and the Independent Order of St. Luke
Authors: Lugar Caleb W , Garrett-Scott Shennette , Novicevic Milorad M. , Popoola Ifeoluwa Tobi , Humphreys John H , Mills Albert J
Published: August 2019

Maggie Lena Walker arose from humble beginnings as the daughter of an ex-slave to become a prominent banker, entrepreneur, and community leader in the American state of Virginia in the early 1900s. She was the first African American woman in the United States to establish and lead a bank. In addition, Walker played a principal leadership role in a major African American mutual aid social service organization: the Independent Order of St. Luke. In this article, we investigate the historic emergence of intersectional leadership by exploring Walker’s leader identity development as Grand Secretary-Treasurer of the Independent Order of St. Luke. The method that we apply to the Walker case is intersectional microhistory, which is the study of unique social actors and the intersections of their gender, race, and other social categories as they change over time. We use our intersectional microhistory approach to unpack phenomenon of emerging intersectional leadership, offering deeper insights about the oppressive and multi-layered barriers that Maggie Walker surmounted as a black woman in order to effectively function as an acknowledged leader of the Independent Order of St. Luke.
The ‘shark mouth’ flap approach for digital glomus tumours in 24 patients: technique and clinical outcomes
Authors: Asmar Ghada , Mati Tahar , Pop Ioana Anastasia , Falcone Marc-Olivier
Published: August 2019

This retrospective, single-centre study was carried out on patients with digital subungual glomus tumours. We describe a subperiosteal approach with a ‘shark mouth’ flap containing the nail plate and nail bed as a single unit, providing ideal exposure and easy access to the tumour. It combines the advantages of the transungual and lateral approaches, whether the subungual tumours are located centrally, peripherally or under the germinal matrix. The ‘shark mouth’ flap approach was used by the same surgeon in 24 patients with solitary glomus tumours of the fingers. Clinical outcomes at the early postoperative phase and at the last follow-up were satisfactory. Pain relief and wound healing were quickly achieved. No complications, such as fingertip numbness or nail deformities, were observed, and there was only one recurrence. This approach is reliable, nail-sparing and less time-consuming than other techniques.

Level of evidence: IV
The relationship between ABO blood group type and tumor grade, stage, recurrence and progression in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: A preliminary report
Authors: Tiwari Deviprasad , Garg Harshit , Nayak Brusabhanu , Singh Prabhjot , Seth Amlesh
Published: August 2019

Objectives:

ABO blood grouping is a well-proven prognostic factor in many malignancies. This study aims to study the association and impact of ABO blood group on disease recurrence and progression in bladder carcinoma.

Material and methods:

Patients with bladder carcinoma undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) were studied prospectively for at least 1-year follow-up for recurrence and progression of the disease. Demographic profile along with blood group was noted.

Results:

Two hundred patients were included in the study and 194 patients were included in the final analysis. Muscle-invasive bladder cancer was present in 39 (20.1%) patients and the high-grade tumor was present in 88 (45.3%) patients. There was no statistical significance between the association of blood grouping and grade ( p=0.29) and stage of the disease ( p=0.20). During the follow-up period, there were 100 (64.5%) recurrences and 15 (9.7%) patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma had progression. The association of blood group with recurrence ( p=0.66) and progression ( p=0.11) of disease was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

There is no association between bladder cancer and ABO blood group in terms of grade and stage of the disease. The recurrence and progression of the disease did not differ significantly in different blood groups.

Level of Evidence:

2b
Posterior Ligamentous Reinforcement of the Upper Instrumented Vertebrae +1 Does Not Decrease Proximal Junctional Kyphosis in Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Iyer Sravisht , Lovecchio Francis , Elysée Jonathan Charles , Lafage Renaud , Steinhaus Michael , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Virginie , Kim Han Jo
Published: August 2019

Study Design:

Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives:

Violation of the posterior soft tissues is believed to contribute to the development of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK). Biomechanical and clinical studies suggest that augmentation of the posterior ligamentous structures (PLS) may help prevent PJK. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PLS augmentation on the rate of PJK at 1 year.

Methods:

A retrospective single-surgeon cohort study was performed of 108 adult spinal deformity patients who underwent 5 level fusions to the pelvis. Patients were divided into 2 groups: PLS+ patients had reconstruction of the PLS between upper instrumented vertebrae +1 (UIV+1) and UIV−1 with a surgical nylon tape while PLS− patients did not. Demographics, surgical data, and sagittal alignment parameters were compared between the cohorts. The primary outcome of interest was the development of PJK at final follow-up. A subgroup propensity match and logistic regression model were utilized to control for differences in the cohorts.

Results:

A total of 108 patients met final criteria, 31 patients (28.7%) were PLS+. There were no differences with regard to preoperative or final sagittal alignment parameters, number of levels fused, rates of 3-column osteotomies, and body mass index ( P > .05), though the PLS+ cohort was older and had larger initial sagittal corrections ( P < .05). The rates of PJK for PLS+ (27.3%) and PLS− (28.6%) were similar ( P = .827). After controlling for sagittal correction via propensity matching, PLS+ had no impact on PJK (29% vs 38.7%, P = .367). In our multivariate analysis, only increased sagittal malalignment and failure to restore sagittal balance were retained as significant predictors of PJK.

Conclusion:

Even after controlling for extent of correction and preoperative sagittal alignment, PLS reinforcement at UIV+1 using a hand-tensioned nylon tape does not reduce the incidence of PJK at 1 year.
Light rare earth element redistribution during hydrothermal alteration at the Okorusu carbonatite complex, Namibia
Authors: Cangelosi Delia , Broom-Fendley Sam , Banks David , Morgan Daniel , Yardley Bruce
Published: August 2019

The Cretaceous Okorusu carbonatite, Namibia, includes diopside-bearing and pegmatitic calcite carbonatites, both exhibiting hydrothermally altered mineral assemblages. In unaltered carbonatite, Sr, Ba and rare earth elements (REE) are hosted principally by calcite and fluorapatite. However, in hydrothermally altered carbonatites, small (<50 µm) parisite-(Ce) grains are the dominantREEhost, while Ba and Sr are hosted in baryte, celestine, strontianite and witherite. Hydrothermal calcite has a much lower trace-element content than the original, magmatic calcite. Regardless of the lowREEcontents of the hydrothermal calcite, theREEpatterns are similar to those of parisite-(Ce), magmatic minerals and mafic rocks associated with the carbonatites. These similarities suggest that hydrothermal alteration remobilisedREEfrom magmatic minerals, predominantly calcite, without significant fractionation or addition from an external source. Barium and Sr released during alteration were mainly reprecipitated as sulfates. The breakdown of magmatic pyrite into iron hydroxide is inferred to be the main source of sulfate. The behaviour of sulfur suggests that the hydrothermal fluid was somewhat oxidising and it may have been part of a geothermal circulation system. Late hydrothermal massive fluorite replaced the calcite carbonatites at Okorusu and resulted in extensive chemical change, suggesting continued magmatic contributions to the fluid system.
Allergic diseases and long-term risk of autoimmune disorders: longitudinal cohort study and cluster analysis
Authors: Krishna Mamidipudi Thirumala , Subramanian Anuradhaa , Adderley Nicola J. , Zemedikun Dawit T. , Gkoutos Georgios V. , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah
Published: August 2019

Introduction

The association between allergic diseases and autoimmune disorders is not well established. Our objective was to determine incidence rates of autoimmune disorders in allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis (ARC), atopic eczema and asthma, and to investigate for co-occurring patterns.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study (1990–2018) employing data extracted from The Health Improvement Network (UK primary care database). The exposure group comprised ARC, atopic eczema and asthma (all ages). For each exposed patient, up to two randomly selected age- and sex-matched controls with no documented allergic disease were used. Adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) were calculated using Poisson regression. A cross-sectional study was also conducted employing Association Rule Mining (ARM) to investigate disease clusters.

Results

782 320, 1 393 570 and 1 049 868 patients with ARC, atopic eczema and asthma, respectively, were included. aIRRs of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome, vitiligo, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, pernicious anaemia, inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease and autoimmune thyroiditis were uniformly higher in the three allergic diseases compared with controls. Specifically, aIRRs of SLE (1.45) and Sjögren's syndrome (1.88) were higher in ARC; aIRRs of SLE (1.44), Sjögren's syndrome (1.61) and myasthenia (1.56) were higher in asthma; and aIRRs of SLE (1.86), Sjögren's syndrome (1.48), vitiligo (1.54) and psoriasis (2.41) were higher in atopic eczema. There was no significant effect of the three allergic diseases on multiple sclerosis or of ARC and atopic eczema on myasthenia. Using ARM, allergic diseases clustered with multiple autoimmune disorders. Three age- and sex-related clusters were identified, with a relatively complex pattern in females ≥55 years old.

Conclusions

The long-term risks of autoimmune disorders are significantly higher in patients with allergic diseases. Allergic diseases and autoimmune disorders show age- and sex-related clustering patterns.
Meeting report – Cell dynamics: organelle–cytoskeleton interface
Authors: Mogessie Binyam , Zenner Helen , Renkawitz Jörg
Published: August 2019

A hallmark of eukaryotic cells is the spatial separation of molecular and biochemical processes into membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. At the ‘Cell dynamics: organelle–cytoskeleton interface’ meeting held in Lisbon, researchers from around the world discussed their findings of how the cytoskeleton regulates dynamics, interaction, and function of organelles in health and disease. Organised by Edgar Gomes, Heidi McBride, Sharon Tooze and Michael Way, the meeting created an open, stimulating and collaborative environment for scientific exchange and an opportunity to highlight the newest trends in the field.
Where is the patient’s chair? Differences in general practitioner consultation room layouts - an exploratory questionnaire
Authors: Floss Mayara , Hoedebecke Kyle , Vidal-Alaball Josep
Published: August 2019

Background: Health clinic design varies from country to country. The layout of a general practitioner’s (GP’s) consulting room may influence the physician’s or patient’s experience. The aim of this study is to explore and investigate the layout of GP’s consulting rooms around the world and to describe any significant differences.

Methods: Between 3rd July and 2nd August 2018, an internet-based questionnaire on Google Docs was distributed by email, social media and WhatsApp platforms to several worldwide rural medicine groups.  Analysis of an internet-based questionnaire to explore possible layouts of consultation rooms within practices was performed. The questionnaire was designed with three distinct sections: first, a GP demographic profile including gender, year of graduation from medical school, country of graduation, and type of practice (private or public); second, questions relating to the office layout; third, a section for questionnaire feedback.  

Results: 502 responses to the questionnaire were received; 65.3% women and 34.7% men.  The most common layout in Europe and America was where the physician and the patient were separated by a desk. The layout where the physician and the patient had a 90º angle facing each other was the most commonly used layout in Asia-Australia and Africa. For GPs who graduated before 1990 and between 1990-2010, the layout where the table was between the patient and physician was preferred. However, physicians graduating after 2010 preferred a layout with the physician and the patient with a 90º angle facing each other.

Conclusion: The position of the GP’s desk differs between and within countries as well as the gender of the physician and year of graduation. Next steps should focus on gathering an even greater breadth of GP input, as well as comparing and contrasting those to the preferences of our patients and communities.
Willingness-to-pay for a hypothetical Ebola vaccine in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study in Aceh
Authors: Mudatsir Mudatsir , Anwar Samsul , Fajar Jonny Karunia , Yufika Amanda , Ferdian Muhammad N. , Salwiyadi Salwiyadi , Imanda Aga S. , Azhars Roully , Ilham Darul , Timur Arya U. , Sahputri Juwita , Yordani Ricky , Pramana Setia , Rajamoorthy Yogambigai , Wagner Abram L. , Jamil Kurnia F. , Harapan Harapan
Published: August 2019

Background: Some Ebola vaccines have been developed and tested in phase III clinical trials. However, assessment of whether public have willingness to purchase or not, especially in unaffected areas, is lacking. The aim of this study was to determine willingness to pay (WTP) for a hypothetical Ebola vaccine in Indonesia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 August to 30 December 2015 in five cities in Aceh province of Indonesia. Patients’ family members who visited outpatient departments were approached and interviewed about their sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of Ebola, attitude towards vaccination practice and their WTP for a hypothetical Ebola vaccine. A multivariable linear regression model assessed the relationship between these explanatory variables and WTP.

Results: During the study, 500 participants were approached and interviewed. There were 424 (84.8%) respondents who completed the interview and 74% (311/424) expressed their acceptance for an Ebola vaccine. There were 288 participants who were willing to pay for an Ebola vaccine (92.6% out of 311). The mean of WTP was US$2.08 (95% CI: 1.75-2.42). The final multivariable model indicated that young age, high educational attainment, working as a private employee, entrepreneur or civil servant (compared to farmers), being unmarried, and residing in a suburb (compared to a city) were associated with higher WTP.

Conclusions: Although the proportion of the participants who would accept the Ebola vaccine was relatively high, the amount they were willing to pay for Ebola vaccine was very low. This finding would indicate the need of subsidies for Ebola vaccine in the country.
Coping with stress and hypertension-mediated organ damage
Authors: Popiołek Lech , Dzieża-Grudnik Anna , Siga Olga , Popiołek Iwona , Moląg Małgorzata , Królczyk Jarosław , Grodzicki Tomasz , Walczewska Jolanta , Rutkowski Krzysztof
Published: August 2019

Aim of the study

Chronic exposure to high blood pressure may lead to the development of hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD). This study compares styles and strategies of coping with stress in hypertensive patients with arterial stiffness or left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and in individuals with hypertension, but without HMOD.

Subject or material and methods

Each study participant (n=93) underwent the following procedures: clinical assessment, echocardiography, pulse wave velocity measurement and psychological testing. Blood pressure in the study group was measured using ABPM method. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was assessed to identify patients with arterial stiffness. Left ventricular mass index was measured to diagnose LVH. Each patient was also assessed using three psychometric tools: PSS-10, CISS and Brief COPE.

Results

Subjects with arterial stiffness (increased PWV) scored significantly lower than patients with normal PWV in three scales: CISS Avoidance-oriented coping (39 vs. 41.5; p=0.042), Brief COPE Self-distraction (1.5 vs. 2; p=0.013) and Brief COPE Venting (1 vs. 1.5; p=0.037). Individuals with LVH had significantly lower results in Brief COPE scale Use of emotional support scale than hypertensive subjects with normal values of left ventricular mass index (1.5 vs. 2; p=0.041).

Discussion

In our study group hypertensive patients with HMOD preferred different coping styles and strategies than individuals with hypertension, but without vascular and cardiac damage. It is possible that some coping styles and strategies may moderate the risk of HMOD.

Conclusions

HMOD may be associated with coping styles and strategies, but future research in this field is necessary to fully understand results of this study.
DEVER DE FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DAS DECISÕES JUDICIAIS (EXEGESE DO ARTIGO 489, § 1º, DO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL DE 2015)
Authors: Salomão Cambi Eduardo Augusto , Tombini Munaro Marcos Vinícius
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo se propõe a abordar o dever de fundamentação das decisões judiciais com as inovações trazidas pelo Código de Processo Civil de 2015, já que ele considera não fundamentadas as decisões judiciais enquadradas no artigo 489, §1º.
A TUTELA COLETIVA DOS DADOS PESSOAIS NA LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS (LGPD)
Authors: Roque Andre
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo se destina a analisar os principais aspectos processuais relacionados à tutela coletiva na Lei n.º 13.709/2018 – Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD). Embora as repercussões da LGPD sejam variadas, propõe-se o presente trabalho a discutir os mais relevantes aspectos da tutela coletiva dos dados pessoais na LGPD, com enfoque para os seguintes temas: (i) categorias dos direitos coletivos e a LGPD; (ii) legitimados coletivos para a proteção de dados pessoais; e (iii) decisões estruturantes na LGPD. Conclui-se, ao final, que a LGPD demandará razoável esforço dos agentes de tratamento para que atuem de acordo com as suas determinações, e que é significativa a probabilidade de que diversas ações coletivas venham a ser ajuizadas com fundamento na LGPD a partir do momento em que entrar em vigor.
Kelas Ibu Hamil Merubah Persepsi Budaya Pantang Makan Ibu Hamil Di Kecamatan Tlogowungu Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Mardiyati Risna Annisa
Published: August 2019

Pendahuluan: Status gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kehamilan. Banyak wanita yang tidak mengetahui manfaat zat gizi bagi kehamilan. Masyarakat masih percaya adanya  hubungan antara makanan tertentu dengan kesehatan ibu hamil serta bayi yang dikandungnya. Hal inilah yang menjadikan tugas tenaga kesehatan untuk mengedukasi ibu hamil salah satunya dengan kelas ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kelas ibu hamil terhadap pandangan mitos pantang makan di Kecamatan Tlogowungu Kabupaten Pati.

Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penarikan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan teknik wawancara Focus Group Interview (FGI) dan kuesioner sebagai pendukung wawancara. Penelitian ini memilih 18 responden kelas ibu hamil yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok focus group interview yang tinggal di Desa Sambirejo, Desa Wonorejo, dan Desa Regaloh, Kecamatan Tlogowungu Kabupaten Pati pada bulan Maret 2018.

Hasil:  Hasil penelitian terbagi menjadi 3 tema yaitu pengaruh kelas hamil terhadap ibu hamil tentang pengetahuan dan sikap mitos pantang makan selama kehamilan, pengaruh kelas hamil terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap suami ibu hamil dan pengaruh kelas hamil terhadap  sikap serta pengetahuan keluarga ibu hamil.

Simpulan:  Kelas ibu hamil berpengaruh terhadap pengetahuan ibu hamil di Kecamatan Tlogowungu Kabupaten Pati namun belum sampai merubah sikap mereka terhadap mitos pantang makan
Efek Antihistamin Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava) pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) dengan Induksi Ovalbumin
Authors: Kawuri Wahyu Tri , Yudhani Ratih Dewi , Setyawan Novan Adi
Published: August 2019

Pendahuluan: Data World Allergy Organization (WAO) tahun 2013 menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi alergi diperkirakan sekitar 30-40% dari populasi dunia. Reaksi alergi terjadi akibat pelepasan histamin oleh sel mast. Pengobatan alergi jangka panjang selama ini memiliki efek samping berupa ganggun kardiovaskuler, retensi urin, AGEP, dan gangguan saraf. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan kuersetin mampu menghambat pelepasan histamin oleh sel mast. Pada analisis kimia, daun jambu biji mengandung kuersetin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antihistamin ekstrak daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava) pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi ovalbumin.

Metode: Penelitian quasi experimental design dengan metode posttest only group design menggunakan 24 tikus yang dibagi kedalam 6 kelompok secara acak. Kelompok kontrol normal (KN) tanpa perlakuan, kontrol negatif (K-) yang hanya diinduksi ovalbumin, kontrol positif (K+) diberikan metilprednisolon, dan kelompok perlakuan (P1, P2, P3) diberikan ekstrak daun jambu biji dengan dosis, berikut 27 mg/200 gramBB, 54 mg/200 gramBB, dan 108 mg/200 gramBB. Pengamatan efek antihistamin berupa perhitungan rata-rata jumlah garuk tikus. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji One-Way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji Post Hoc Tukey.

Hasil: Hasil uji One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan rata-rata jumlah garuk tikus antar kelompok perlakuan bermakna secara statistik (p=0,00). Berdasarkan hasil uji Tukey, kelompok K- (45,75±5,50) dibandingkan dengan kelompok KN (2,25±0,96) dan kelompok perlakuan ekstrak daun jambu biji berbagai dosis menunjukkan perbedaan rata-rata jumlah garuk tikus yang bermakna secara statistik (p=0,00). Hasil rata-rata jumlah garuk tikus pada kelompok KN (2,25±0,96) dibandingkan dengan P2 (9,00±0,82) tidak menunjukan  perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (p=0,085).

Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava) memiliki efek antihistamin pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi ovalbumin.
Fashion brands’ use of emojis on Twitter: An exploratory study
Authors: Mathews Stanley , Lee Seung-Eun (Joy)
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study is to explore the use of emojis by fashion brands on their Twitter accounts. We conducted a content analysis on tweets created by the top ten fashion brands for the month of December 2016. These top fashion brands consisted of five mass fashion brands (Nike, Adidas, Victoria’s Secret, Zara and H&M) and five luxury brands (Chanel, Dior, Gucci, Louis Vuitton and Prada). After training, two coders analysed predetermined categories from a coding scheme in each brand’s tweet, including (1) the presence of an emoji in the tweet, (2) the type of emoji used, (3) the content and context of the tweet, (4) the number of replies, (5) the number and content of the replies that contained emojis, (6) the number of retweets and (7) the number of likes given to the tweet. The use of emojis by fashion brands was minimal and tended to be limited to simple objects as opposed to conveying emotion or brand personality. None of the luxury brands in our sample used emojis in their tweets. In examining the effectiveness of emojis on Twitter, we found that the use of emojis was positively related to the number of replies, retweets and likes. The use of emojis did not differ significantly based on the types of messages. This study contributes knowledge to the development and implementation of effective Twitter strategies for fashion brands.
Conceptualizing fashion styling
Authors: Pöllänen Sinikka , Parkko Minna , Kaipainen Minna
Published: August 2019

The main goal of this study was to conceptualize the practices and processes of fashion styling and to clarify the meanings of key concepts to enhance understanding of diverse functions in different areas of fashion styling. The qualitative study was based on thematic interviews with fifteen styling experts (eleven females and four males). The data were first analysed inductively and subsequently using theory-based content analysis. The analysis revealed five key functions of fashion styling: (1) implementing human needs and increasing well-being through personal styling; (2) expressing personal ideas through artistic styling; (3) influencing clients’ conceptions of ideal beauty through fashion styling and promotional styling; (4) enhancing the commercial viability of fashion products through commercial styling; and (5) self-fashioning as self-representation in fashion blogging and online marketing of styling services. The final analysis revealed four concepts of fashion styling with diverse meanings in relation to art, design, craft and technology: aesthetic-humanistic, aesthetic-expressive, aesthetic-impressive and aesthetic-exemplary.