bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación del soporte familiar y social en el cumplimiento del tratamiento de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar en centros de salud
Authors: Quevedo Cruz Luz Nancy del Pilar , Sánchez Requín Ruth Liliana , Villalba Porras Fiorella Katherine , Velásquez Carranza Doris
Published: February 2016

Objetivos: Determinar la relación del soporte familiar y social en el cumplimento del tratamiento de pacientes con Tuberculosis Pulmonar. Material y métodos: tipo de estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por 52 pacientes que estuvieron registrados en la Estrategia Sanitaria Nacional de Prevención y Control de la Tuberculosis en los Centros de Salud: Flor de Amancaes y San Juan de Amancaes. Se utilizó como técnica la encuesta, a través de dos cuestionarios validados por juicio de expertos, instrumentos que midieron el soporte familiar y social en el cumplimiento del tratamiento. Resultados: Un 81,8% de los pacientes que recibieron nivel alto de soporte familiar y social presentaron cumplimiento del tratamiento, mientras que un 36.4%, que recibieron bajo nivel de soporte familiar y social presentaron ¿cumplimiento? del tratamiento. La diferencia encontrada resultó estadísticamente significativa (p=0,034). Mientras que un 59.6% de los pacientes cumplen con el tratamiento, y un 40,4% no lo cumplen. Conclusiones: el soporte familiar y social es un eje importante en la recuperación del paciente, ya que el paciente se siente más confiado y motivado a culminar con su tratamiento para recuperarse pronto y reinsertarse a su vida cotidiana.
Prevalencia de consumo de marihuana en estudiantes de secundaria de instituciones educativas estatales de Ventanilla
Authors: Bueno Castro Leyla , Guerrero Vargas Janeth , Javier Pedrajas Rosa , Tam Phun Elena
Published: February 2016

Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia del consumo de marihuana en los estudiantes de nivel secundaria de las I.E. estatales de Ventanilla 2014. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, la recolección de datos se llevó acabo en los meses de mayo a septiembre, en una muestra de 4095 estudiantes que se obtuvo mediante el cálculo muestral por afijación proporcional de una población de 13 232 estudiantes de 22 instituciones educativas estatales de los turnos mañana y tarde, quienes aceptaron participar en el estudio mediante el asentimiento y consentimiento informado. Resultados: La prevalencia de vida de consumo de marihuana en los adolescentes fue 9%, prevalencia de consumo en el último año 7,4% y en el último mes 5,9%. La prevalencia de año según sexo es mayor en varones que en mujeres con un porcentaje de 9,5 y 5,5% respectivamente, y la prevalencia de vida del consumo de marihuana según edad es a los 15 años, con un porcentaje de 24,1%. Conclusiones:La prevalencia de consumo de marihuana es mayor en la región Callao, los adolescentes varones presentan una mayor prevalencia del consumo de marihuana a diferencia de las mujeres.
Control glucémico, autocuidado y estrés en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 residentes de Monterrey, México
Authors: Arias-González Abraham , Guevara Valtier Milton Carlos , Paz-Morales María de los Ángeles , Valenzuela-Suazo Sandra , Rivas-Acuña Valentina
Published: February 2016

La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad crónica de alta prevalencia en México en quienes la padecen el autocuidado de la enfermedad y el manejo del estrés influyen en el auto control de dicha patología.Objetivos: Conocer el control glucémico, autocuidado y estrés en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en una muestra de pacientes que acuden a un centro especializado en Diabetes Mellitus ubicado en la ciudad de Monterrey, México. Material y Métodos: Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo, la muestra se conformó por un total de 122 pacientes que acudieron a un centro especializado en el cuidado de la diabetes. Se recurrió a la medición de cintura e índice de masa corporal, se aplicaron cuestionarios de lápiz y midió la glucosa en sangre periférica. Resultados: Se identificaron valores medios de cintura en hombres y mujeres de 96,45 y 88,65 (DE = 10,83 y 17,01; respectivamente), índice de masa corporal de 29,57 (20,42 – 53,75), estrés percibido 42,76 (12,34), estrés en diabetes 44,31 (24,74) y en cuanto a las acciones de autocuidado en diabetes la media identificada fue de 42,01 (18,64). Conclusiones: La mayoría de los participantes demostraron un buen control de la enfermedad, aunque su nivel de autocuidado es bajo. En cuanto al estrés percibido y en diabetes los niveles fueron bajo y moderado respectivamente
Experiencias del diagnóstico comunitario participativo en Dzityá, Yucatán, México
Authors: Aké Canul Didier Francisco , Maldonado Borges Josefina Inés , Laviada Delgadillo Rocio , Balam Gómez Maricela , Yáñez González Rosa María , Díaz Marfil Evelyn María
Published: February 2016

Objetivos: Identificar los determinantes que afectan las condiciones de salud de una población desde la perspectiva de los actores sociales. Abordaje Metodológico: se trata de un diagnóstico comunitario participativo, realizado en la localidad de Dzityá, perteneciente al municipio de Mérida, Yucatán, México, durante los meses de enero a abril de 2014, de tipo exploratorio, basado en la comunidad y con enfoque metodológico mixto. Se privilegió el enfoque cualitativo para obtener información a través del análisis del discurso de 13 entrevistas semiestructuradas, y 2 ejercicios de cartografía sociala actores clave de la localidad. Resultados: la contaminación ambiental generadapor las partículas de polvo de piedra, originadas de la actividad artesanal, fue el determinante que la comunidad eligió como prioritario de atención, por los efectos que esta provoca en la salud de los pobladores. Conclusiones: Con base a la perspectiva de los actores sociales, en esta comunidad se encontraron diferentes comorbilidades y factores de riesgo de tipo ambiental y social, que pueden ser modificables a través de intervenciones eficientes y oportunas con enfoque de promoción a la salud; mediante la voluntad política y la acción conjunta del sector salud, académico y la comunidad.
Desarrollo de las especialidades de enfermería a 20 años de su lanzamiento por la facultad de enfermería de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Authors: Gonzales De la Cruz Rossana
Published: February 2016

Este trabajo busca mostrar cómo se ha construido el proceso de formación de las enfermeras especialistas de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, pionera en los procesos de especialización en el Perú, así como los aportes que los Programas de especialización han sido utilizadospara la mejora de los cuidados que se brindan en las instituciones de salud, en beneficio de los usuarios, la comunidad y también para las mismas profesionales. Para la elaboración del artículo se ha utilizado fuentes estadísticas de la universidad así como del programa de especialización en enfermería y el material bibliográfico resultante de la investigación científica publicada en los últimos veinte años,con relación al tema,y cuyo análisis del contenido se empleó para el tratamiento de los datos encontrados. Destacan como datos relevantes, que la especialización es necesaria para la formación y el desarrollo de lascompetencias para actuar en un mercado laboral cada vez más exigente y competitivo; las egresadas reconocen al programa por su contribución tanto al desarrollo de las competencias requeridas como especialistas, así como al mejoramiento de su posición laboral. Los retos y recomendaciones analizan la situación del mercado laboral, la formación y el contexto global, permitiendo presentar sugerencias para hacer un programa todavía y especialistas más eficientes para su continuo desarrollo profesional.
Cuidado de enfermería a un paciente con Diabetes Mellitus. Estudio de caso.
Authors: Gutiérrez-Valverde Juana Mercedes , Gallegos-García Amelia , Guevara-Valtier Milton Carlos , Vega-Grimaldo Miguel Ángel , Santos-Flores Jesús Melchor , Paz-Morales María de los Ángeles
Published: February 2016

En México la obesidad y la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) ocupan los primeros lugares de morbilidad y mortalidad, el tratamiento de estas enfermedades suele ser complejo e involucra una serie de actividades colaborativas con el equipo multiprofesional en el que sin duda el rol de enfermería es pieza fundamental para el logro de resultados esperados. Objetivo: brindar cuidado de especializado de enfermería con base al PAE para el control del paciente con DM2. Presentación del Caso (Evidencias, Diagnósticos), el caso clínico se guío mediante el Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (Valoración, Diagnóstico, Plan de Intervenciones, Ejecución y Evaluación) en un hospital público ubicado en Monterrey, México. Evaluación: Se lograron 8 de 9 objetivos plateados. Conclusiones:Logró satisfactorio de objetivos planteados, un 88,88% de los resultados esperados fueron conseguidos.
Terapia con “células madre” en enfermedad de Parkinson: ¿dónde estamos?
Authors: Custodio Nilton
Published: February 2016

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Frecuencia de alteraciones dentales y periodontales en perros atendidos en la clínica veterinaria de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia durante mayo – octubre 2006
Authors: Grandez Ricardo , Porras Cynthia
Published: February 2016

Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de las principales alteraciones dentales y periodontales de perros atendidos en la Clínica Veterinaria de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima. Material y métodos: Se evaluó a 120 perros de 1 a 14 años, sin distinción de raza y sexo. Las variables evaluadas fueron la edad (1-4, 5-8, 9-14), tamaño (pequeños: <10 kg; medianos: de 10 - 30 kg y grandes: >30 kg) y tipo de alimentación (preferentemente balanceado y preferentemente casera). Resultados: Se encontró que el 95,8% (115/120) de los canes presentó al examen clínico algún tipo de alteración dental, donde la gingivitis (93,3%), cálculo dental (70,8%), enfermedad periodontal (EP) (69,2%), ausencia dental (39,2%) y desgaste (20,0%) fueron las de mayor ocurrencia. Las alteraciones dentales se incrementaron con la edad y fue más evidente en perros de porte pequeño, a excepción del desgaste que fue más frecuente en perros de porte grande (p<0,05). Tanto en EP y cálculo dental la zona vestibular de los premolares fue la más afectada. Los primeros premolares y los incisivos fueron las piezas dentales donde se observó ausencia dental con mayor frecuencia en perros pequeños. Las alteraciones dentales y periodontales se observaron con mayor frecuencia en canes alimentados con dieta preferentemente casera que aquellos con dietas preferentemente balanceadas, aunque estas diferencias fueron sólo significativas en cálculos dentales y EP (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Las afecciones odontológicas más frecuentes en perros fueron la gingivitis, la enfermedad periodontal, el cálculo dental, la ausencia dental y el desgaste; la edad y características asociadas al tamaño del perro son factores que afectan significativamente la salud bucal; y la dieta desempeñó un papel importante en la salud dental, especialmente en la enfermedad periodontal y el cálculo dental.
Factores de riesgo asociados a fasciolosis humana en tres provincias del departamento de Cajamarca, Perú (Periodo 2010)
Authors: León Daphne , Cabanillas Oswaldo
Published: February 2016

Estudio Epidemiológico transversal retrospectivo. Objetivo: identificar factores de riesgo asociados a exposición a Fasciola hepatica en pobladores de las provincias de Cajabamba, San Marcos y Celendín, del departamento de Cajamarca – Perú. Metodología: Se utilizaron fichas clínico epidemiológicas del “Estudio de prevalencia de fasciolosis en humanos en la Región Cajamarca” desarrollado el año 2010. Las variables consideradas en el estudio fueron: lugar de procedencia, grupo poblacional (edad escolar o adulto), sexo, consumo de agua, consumo de vegetales crudos, signos clínicos y diagnóstico serológico actual. Resultados y Conclusiones: Se recabaron 341 fichas en total, de las cuales 34 correspondían a pacientes positivos a la prueba diagnóstica ELISA, correspondiendo a una prevalencia de infección por F. hepatica de 10%. La procedencia de los casos de las provincias San Marcos y Cajabamba (p=0,011) y el consumo de agua no tratada (p=0,026) resultaron ser factores de riesgo asociados a la fasciolosis. Además se encontró que en los individuos que presentaban disminución de peso, existía una mayor probabilidad de ser seropositivos a F. hepatica (p=0,002). Se espera que los resultados permitan contribuir con el conocimiento de la epidemiología de esta enfermedad y aporte información para la toma de decisión en futuras intervenciones en la región.
Promoviendo un cambio curricular en la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia con un perfil profesional definido desde el entorno de trabajo hacia la academia.
Authors: Flores Jorge , Mendoza Galy , Hung Armando
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: definir el perfil de referencia del futuro Médico Veterinario y Zootecnista para la reforma de los procesos de formación profesional. Metodología: La Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia trabajó con empresarios, empleadores, representantes de organismos nacionales, regionales e internacionales y egresados en la definición del perfil. Resultados y Conclusiones: El consenso apuntó a la formación de ciudadanos flexibles y capaces de aprender continuamente para reformular y reforzar sus fundamentos, competencias y criterios y así afrontar con éxito, liderazgo, emprendedorismo y una visión integral de su profesión, los cambios propios de una sociedad, cuyas necesidades e intereses evolucionan constantemente.
Conocimientos, conservación y avistamiento del manatí amazónico (Trichechus inunguis), según los pobladores de la cuenca del río Ucayali (Loreto, Perú)
Authors: Silva Jaymee , Montes David , Elías Roberto
Published: February 2016

Objetivos: Identificar conocimientos que poseen los pobladores de la cuenca del río Ucayali sobre la biología, conservación y problemática, asi como avistamientos previos del manatí amazónico Trichechus inunguis. Materiales y métodos: Se encuestaron 421 personas de diferentes edades, sexos y ocupaciones, en diferentes localidades de la cuenca del río Ucayali. Resultados: El 88.8% reconoció a la especie, y el 80.1% conocen al manatí con el nombre de vaca marina. El 65.1% declaran haber consumido su carne de manera poco frecuente y oportunista. La principal razón que justifican para capturarlos fue su buen sabor (46.4%). Así mismo, 51.9% de los encuestados afirmósaber que su caza es ilegal y el 24% refirió haberlo avistado en el área de estudio. Asimismo, 96.7% manifestaron interés para que esta especie animal se conserve. Conclusiones: Los conocimientos de los pobladores encuestados son insuficientes sobre la situación poblacional, las amenazas y la legislación actual que rige la caza del manatí. Actualmente, con poca frecuencia, se siguen avistando ejemplares en vida silvestre dentro del área de estudio, pero también se sigue dando su captura. Se recomienda incluir la educación ambiental en estas comunidades como principal herramienta para la conservación del manatí amazónico.
Medición del pH intramuscular del cuy (Cavia porcellus) durante las primeras 24 horas post beneficio tradicional.
Authors: Nakandakari Luis , Gutiérrez Eduardo , Chauca Lilia , Valencia Roberto
Published: February 2016

La carne de cuy tiene un alto valor nutricional para el ser humano. Sin embargo, es un excelente medio de cultivo para microorganismos que pueden ser nocivos para el consumidor. Durante la transformación del músculo a carne se producen reacciones biológicas y químicas que ayudan a descender el pH muscular, reduciendo el crecimiento bacteriano. Objetivo: Determinar los cambios del pH intramuscular del cuy (Cavia porcellus), durante las primeras 24 horas post beneficio tradicional. Materiales y Métodos: Se emplearon 30 cuyes machos de raza Perú, de 8 a 10 semanas de edad, clinicamente sanos y con pesos vivos entre 800 y 1300 g. Luego del sacrificio, las medidas del pH se realizaron en los músculos Psoas mayor izquierdo y derecho utilizando un pH-metro digital, las medidas se tomaron a las 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 y 24 horas post beneficio. Resultados y conclusiones: A las 0 horas los pH en los músculos Psoas mayor izquierdo y derecho fueron de 6.71 ± 0.27 y 6.67 ± 0.27 respectivamente, alcanzando su mínimo valor de 5.95 ± 0.08 y 5.96 ± 0.09 pH a las 12 horas. A las 24 horas post beneficio experimentaron un ligero incremento hasta 6.05 ± 0.09 y 6.06 ± 0.08 pH en el músculo Psoas mayor izquierdo y derecho. Se concluye que los valores de pH de los músculos Psoas mayor fluctuaron en un rango de 5.95 ± 0.08 pH a las 12 horas a 6.06 ± 0.08 pH a las 24 horas post beneficio.
Frecuencia del tumor venéreo transmisible en perros de la Urbanización Mariscal Cáceres, San Juan de Lurigancho. Lima-Perú.
Authors: Zerpa Rocío , Rojas Ricardo
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia del Tumor Venéreo Transmisible (TVT) en perros domésticos de la Urbanización Mariscal Cáceres de San Juan de Lurigancho y evaluar la asociación entre diversas variables. Metodología: Se realizaron campañas gratuitas de desparasitación donde se recolectó información epidemiológica por medio de fichas. Las variables de estudio fueron: sexo, edad, convivencia con otros animales, condición de esterilizado y hábitos callejeros. Se realizó el examen clínico en busca de masas sugestivas y sospechosas a TVT, para su posterior examen citológico utilizando tinción Hemacolor. Resultados y Conclusiones: Se examinó clínicamente 243 canes, de ellos 125 hembras y 118 machos. La edad de las hembras osciló entre 6 meses y 10 años y la de los machos entre 5 meses y 9 años. Se encontró 8 perros con presencia de masas sospechosas a los cuáles 5 se confirmaron como TVT. Se encontró una frecuencia del 2.06% (5/243), de los cuales 2.54% (3/118) fueron machos y 1.6% (2/125) fueron hembras. Del 100% de los casos positivos, la edad osciló entre 4 a 9 años. Solo se encontró asociación significativa entre la variable de hábitos callejeros y la presentación del TVT (p<0.05). Se demostró la presencia de TVT en perros de la Urbanización Mariscal Cáceres en el distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho.
A short history of how we think and talk about sanitation services and why it matters
Authors: Rosenqvist Tanja , Mitchell Cynthia , Willetts Juliet
Published: February 2016

How we think and talk about sanitation services has changed. The very notion of a sanitation service has been transformed from one focused on technology to one focused on the sustainability of the wider sanitation system. This paper explores the transformation from technology to system by drawing from a review of more than 200 pieces of literature published between 1970 and 2015. Seven prevalent perspectives on sanitation service provision are introduced: sanitation services as a basic human need; increasing service coverage through appropriate technology; the emergence of community-participation and community-management; an interest in private-sector participation; the sanitation crisis being viewed as a crisis of governance; sanitation considered inherently political and the current focus on sustainable sanitation systems. These seven perspectives form a useful conceptual frame, which may guide the thinking of sanitation practitioners, policy-makers and academics as they begin to consider how to meet the water and sanitation Sustainable Development Goal by 2030. In this paper, four examples of how the conceptual frame might be used to support thinking are provided.
Using sediment cores to establish targets for the remediation of aquatic environments
Authors: Lintern Anna , Anderson Marion , Leahy Paul , Deletic Ana , McCarthy David
Published: February 2016

When assigning site-specific restoration targets for deteriorating aquatic systems, it is necessary to have an understanding of the undisturbed or background state of the system. However, the site-specific characteristics of aquatic systems prior to disturbance are mostly unknown, due to the lack of historical water and sediment quality data. This study aims to introduce a method for filling this gap in our understanding, using dated sediment cores from the beds of aquatic environments. We used Bolin Billabong, a floodplain lake of the Yarra River (South-East Australia), as a case study to demonstrate the application of this method. We identified the concentrations of aluminium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, tin and zinc at 8 cm intervals through the sediment core. This showed that aluminium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, nickel, tin and zinc concentrations in Bolin Billabong sediments significantly increased after European settlement in the river catchment in the mid-19th century. The differences between current Australian sediment quality guidelines trigger values and the background metal concentrations in Bolin Billabong sediments underscore the value of using locally relevant background toxicant concentrations when setting water and sediment quality targets.
Effect of different pH coking wastewater on adsorption of coking coal
Authors: Gao Lihui , Li Shulei , Wang Yongtian
Published: February 2016

H2SO4 has an effect on the sorption of organic contaminants by coking coal (CC) in wastewater. This paper focused on the effect of pH on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), phenols and ammonia. UV-vis spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectra, zeta potential and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) analysis were investigated to characterize the changes of CC properties and coking wastewater (CW) at different pH values. The results showed that the COD and phenol removal efficiencies increased with decreasing pH value, while the ammonia removal efficiency was decreased gradually. A new transmittance band in the region of 340–600 cm−1 was observed in UV-vis spectra of CW in acidic condition. The absolute value of the zeta potential as the solution was gradually increasing with the increasing of pH value. Surface area and total pore volume of CC which was immersed in acidic solutions measured by BET were much higher than that of raw CC. CC has a greater adsorption capacity to organic pollution in the acidic solution mainly by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding.
Evaluation of watershed-derived mass loads to prioritize TMDL decision-making
Authors: Gulati S. , Stubblefield A. A. , Hanlon J. S. , Spier C. L. , Camarillo M. K. , Stringfellow W. T.
Published: February 2016

A total maximum daily load (TMDL) for oxygen demanding substances is being implemented in the San Joaquin River (SJR) in California (USA) due to frequently occurring low dissolved oxygen conditions. The SJR is a eutrophic river, heavily impacted by agriculture. A mass balance was developed to identify the sources of oxygen-demanding substances and nutrients to the river with the objective of providing a scientific basis for management actions needed to meet TMDL requirements. Data were collected for flow and water quality and mass loads calculated for sites within the main stem of the SJR, river inputs (tributaries), and diversions in the study area. Using a quadrant analysis, tributary flows and loads are ranked to identify targets for water quality improvement efforts. Additionally, all mass loads were summed (inputs minus diversions) and compared with observed loads at the downstream limit of the study area. The mass balance analysis identifies major contributors of mass loads and mass balance closure is assessed for each constituent. These analysis methods inform the TMDL process which includes a load allocation, and is useful for determining locations for implementation of improvement projects needed to improve the health of the river.
A Nursing Approach to Self-Management Education for Individuals With Mental Illness and Diabetes
Authors: Lawless Mary Ellen , Kanuch Stephanie W. , Martin Siobhan , Kaiser Denise , Blixen Carol , Fuentes-Casiano Edna , Sajatovic Martha , Dawson Neal V.
Published: February 2016

Patients with serious mental illness (SMI) and diabetes often seek care in primary care settings and have worse health outcomes than patients who have either illness alone. Individual, provider, and system-level barriers present challenges to addressing both psychiatric and medical comorbidities. This article describes the feasibility, acceptability, and implementation of Targeted Training and Illness Management (TTIM), a self-management intervention delivered by trained nurse educators and peer educators to groups of individuals with SMI and diabetes to improve self-management of both diseases. TTIM is intended to be delivered in a primary care setting. Findings are intended to support the future development of nurse-led programs within the primary care setting that teach self-management to individuals with concurrent SMI and diabetes. This approach supports both adaptability and flexibility in delivering the intervention. Interventions such as TTIM can provide self-management skills, accommodate people with both SMI and diabetes in primary care settings such as patient-centered medical homes, and address known barriers to access.
Conversation Maps and Diabetes Education Groups: An Evaluation at an Australian Rural Health Service
Authors: Kewming Sue , D’Amore Angelo , Mitchell Eleanor K.L.
Published: February 2016

Objective. The rural Central Gippsland Health Service (CGHS) assists patients with diabetes through the provision of diabetes education. The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the CGHS 5-week didactic program and a modified group-participatory Conversation Maps diabetes education program.

Method. A pre- and post-program survey was conducted of clients who attended the two different diabetes education programs. The survey consisted of a self-constructed demographic questionnaire, the Diabetes Knowledge Test, the Diabetes Empowerment Scale, and the Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure.

Results. For the CGHS program, there were no differences between pre- and post-program surveys in knowledge scores (11.05 ± 3.56 vs. 12.75 ± 4.19, P = 0.0883, n = 20), self-care activities (4.46 ± 1.11 vs. 4.83 ± 0.68, P = 0.0832, n = 12), or empowerment scores (7.16 ± 1.60 vs. 7.92 ± 1.26, P = 0.0540, n = 17).

For the modified Conversation Maps program, there were significant improvements between pre- and post-program surveys in knowledge scores (12.42 ± 4.15 vs. 15.54 ± 3.79, P = 0.0004, n = 26), self-care activities (4.74 ± 1.09 vs. 5.32 ± 0.80, P = 0.0139, n = 24), and empowerment scores (6.56 ± 2.19 vs. 8.11 ± 1.46, P = 0.0016, n = 21).

The greatest difference between the two programs was observed in knowledge gain (P = 0.0178). Overall, participants were satisfied with both programs, with no difference seen in satisfaction levels (P = 0.9763). A1C results improved in both programs to a mean of 6.7% (P = 0.0071 for CGHS and P = 0.0092 for Conversation Maps).

Conclusion. The modified Conversation Maps program resulted in significant improvements for rural participants.
Effects of Self-Efficacy and Locus of Control on Future Preconception Counseling Plans of Adult Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Grady Caroline M. , Geller Pamela A.
Published: February 2016

Objective. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends that women with diabetes attend preconception counseling and improve blood glucose levels before pregnancy to decrease risks of adverse outcomes. However, two-thirds of women with diabetes do not plan their pregnancies. Research has examined views regarding preconception counseling of pregnant women with diabetes, but perceptions of women with diabetes who have never been pregnant have not been explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between women’s locus of control, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations of preconception counseling.

Design and Methods. A sample of 147 nulligravid women with type 1 diabetes (mean age 25.9 years) was recruited online to complete a self-report survey. Measures included a sociodemographics form, a study-specific questionnaire regarding diabetes management and education, the Reproductive Health Attitudes and Behaviors instrument, and the Diabetes-Specific Locus of Control measure.

Results. A standard multiple linear regression analysis indicated that self-efficacy was positively associated with expectations of preconception counseling (P <0.001), whereas self-blame was negatively associated (P = 0.001). Three-fourths of the women reported not receiving preconception counseling from health care providers.

Conclusion. Self-efficacy was positively associated with women’s expectation of preconception counseling usefulness, whereas self-blame for poor disease management was inversely related. The low reported rates of preconception counseling demonstrate that ADA recommendations for starting preconception counseling at puberty have not been followed uniformly. Women with diabetes should be provided education to increase their belief that they have control over their disease, which may lead to positive perceptions of preconception counseling and healthier pregnancies.
Failure Analysis on a Fractured Rim Star of a Formula Student Racing Car
Authors: Daubach K. , Gummel A. , Kohns L. , Kerscher E.
Published: February 2016

As part of the Formula Student, students independently built new racing cars every year which compete in various disciplines. The Kaiserslautern Racing Team, founded in 2007, has developed and constructed a racing car under Formula Student regulations every year since their foundation. At first, vehicles with combustion engines were built, until in season 2011/2012, the change to electric engines was realized. One of the main objectives for the second electric vehicle (season 2012/2013) was a weight reduction by 100 kg, which required adjustments in all components. For the chassis, this meant a change from 13 to 10 inch rims which were to be bought from a commercial vendor.

A three-piece rim from a US vendor was purchased. Since the installed rim stars showed excessive manufacturing tolerances, for the first time, self-constructed stars were produced and used with the purchased rim base.

Although the rims were designed using an FEM program, as well as an high safety factor the component failed at a test run after the season.

As part of the accompanying seminar to the lecture on damage analysis at TU Kaiserslautern, the cause of the rim failure was investigated. Here, the damage analysis was performed under VDI policy 3822.
Microstructure Preparation Using Glow Discharge Plasma Taking the Examples of Ni-Ti, Cu-Zn and a Ni-Based Alloy
Authors: Undisz A. , Freiberg K. E. , Seide A. , Koenen T. , Rettenmayr M.
Published: February 2016

The present work investigates the universal applicability of glow discharge plasmas for the microstructure representation of different materials taking the example of Ni-Ti alloys, Cu-Zn alloys, and the Ni based alloy “Hastelloy C 276”. Results are compared with the results provided by classical etching methods. Microstructures became visible for the previously mechanically polished materials within a few seconds, even without detailed optimization of the excitation conditions of the glow discharge plasma. The results partially significantly outperfomed the results of the classical preparation techniques with respect to the detectability of structural details such as grain and phase boundaries. Due to the demonstrated wide and relatively uncomplicated applicability, the per se established glow discharge technology is expected to have a huge potential for application for a rapid and high-contrast microstructure representation.
Near Vermeer: Edmund C. Tarbell's and John Sloan's Dutch Pictures
Authors: Fagg John
Published: February 2016

This article considers drawings and paintings made by the American artists Edmund Tarbell and John Sloan in relation to the art of the seventeenth-century Dutch Republic. Claims about, interpretations of, and enthusiasm for ‘Dutch Pictures’ were prominent features of the transatlantic artworld in the years around 1900. Art critics, including George Moore, Charles Caffin, James Gibbons Huneker and Frank Jewett Mather, discussed the relationship between historical Dutch painting and contemporary art, while American collectors and museums purchased and displayed large numbers of paintings by Rembrandt, Hals, Vermeer and their contemporaries. The article connects specific seventeenth-century Dutch ideas and objects to such paintings as Tarbell's New England Interior (1906) and Sloan's Scrubwomen, Astor Library (1910–11) and thinks more broadly about modern art's relationship to nationalism and to the past.
Nephrotoxicity as a Dose-Limiting Factor in a High-Dose Cisplatin-Based Chemoradiotherapy Regimen for Head and Neck Carcinomas
Authors: Hoek Jantien , Bloemendal Karen , Van der Velden Lilly-Ann , Van Diessen Judi , Van Werkhoven Erik , Klop Willem , Tesselaar Margot
Published: February 2016

Purpose: Loco-regional control and organ preservation are significantly improved with concomitant cisplatin/radiotherapy and are compromised with less than 5% grade 3 nephrotoxicity (creatinine clearance 15–29 mL/min). However, although clinically important, in none of the randomized trials is grade 2 nephrotoxicity (defined as creatinine clearance 59–30 mL/min) mentioned. In this study, we assessed nephrotoxicity in daily practice among patients treated with high-dose cisplatin (100 mg/m2 on days 1, 22, and 43), concurrently with chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and the impact on treatment modifications. Methods: 208 patients with advanced-stage malignancies of the head and neck region were evaluated. All patients were treated with high-dose cisplatin CCRT. The main outcome parameters were nephrotoxicity (defined as creatinine clearance grade 2 or more) and cumulative doses of cisplatin and radiation. Results: 133 patients (64%) completed all pre-planned courses of cisplatin. Nephrotoxicity was the main reason to discontinue the chemotherapy. Grade 3 nephrotoxicity was seen in 16 patients (8%) while grade 2 nephrotoxicity was seen in 53 patients (25%). Thirty six patients (17%) could not complete the pre-planned chemotherapy due to nephrotoxicity. Conclusions: In head and neck cancer patients, nephrotoxicity grade 2 is under-reported but is the major factor for discontinuing cisplatin during CCRT.
Bioremediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Desert Soil: Effect of Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation and Bioavailability in Biopile Treatment Systems
Authors: Benyahia Farid , Embaby Ahmed
Published: February 2016

This work was aimed at evaluating the relative merits of bioaugmentation, biostimulation and surfactant-enhanced bioavailability of a desert soil contaminated by crude oil through biopile treatment. The results show that the desert soil required bioaugmentation and biostimulation for bioremediation of crude oil. The bioaugmented biopile system led to a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) reduction of 77% over 156 days while the system with polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) gave a 56% decrease in TPH. The biostimulated system with indigenous micro-organisms gave 23% reduction in TPH. The control system gave 4% TPH reduction. The addition of Tween 80 led to a respiration rate that peaked in 48 days compared to 88 days for the bioaugmented system and respiration declined rapidly due to nitrogen depletion. The residual hydrocarbon in the biopile systems studied contained polyaromatics (PAH) in quantities that may be considered as hazardous. Nitrogen was found to be a limiting nutrient in desert soil bioremediation.
Atypical Antipsychotics in the Treatment of Acute Bipolar Depression with Mixed Features: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Fornaro Michele , Stubbs Brendon , De Berardis Domenico , Perna Giampaolo , Valchera Alessandro , Veronese Nicola , Solmi Marco , Ganança Licínia
Published: February 2016

Evidence supporting the use of second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in the treatment of acute depression with mixed features (MFs) associated with bipolar disorder (BD) is scarce and equivocal. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis investigating SGAs in the treatment of acute BD depression with MFs. Two authors independently searched major electronic databases from 1990 until September 2015 for randomized (placebo-) controlled trials (RCTs) or open-label clinical trials investigating the efficacy of SGAs in the treatment of acute bipolar depression with MFs. A random-effect meta-analysis calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) between SGA and placebo for the mean baseline to endpoint change in depression as well as manic symptoms score was computed based on 95% confidence intervals (CI). Six RCTs and one open-label placebo-controlled studies (including post-hoc reports) representing 1023 patients were included. Participants received either ziprasidone, olanzapine, lurasidone, quetiapine or asenapine for an average of 6.5 weeks across the included studies. Meta-analysis with Duval and Tweedie adjustment for publication bias demonstrated that SGA resulted in significant improvements of (hypo-)manic symptoms of bipolar mixed depression as assessed by the means of the total scores of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) (SMD −0.74, 95% CI −1.20 to −0.28, n SGA = 907, control = 652). Meta-analysis demonstrated that participants in receipt of SGA (n = 979) experienced a large improvement in the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores (SMD −1.08, 95% CI −1.35 to −0.81, p < 0.001) vs. placebo (n = 678). Publication and measurement biases and relative paucity of studies. Overall, SGAs appear to offer favorable improvements in MADRS and YMRS scores vs. placebo. Nevertheless, given the preliminary nature of the present report, additional original studies are required to allow more reliable and clinically definitive conclusions.
Robust 3D Object Model Reconstruction and Matching for Complex Automated Deburring Operations
Authors: Tellaeche Alberto , Arana Ramón
Published: February 2016

The deburring processes of parts with complex geometries usually present many challenges to be automated. This paper outlines the machine vision techniques involved in the design and set up of an automated adaptive cognitive robotic system for laser deburring of metal casting complex 3D high quality parts. To carry out deburring process operations of the parts autonomously, 3D machine vision techniques have been used for different purposes, explained in this paper. These machine vision algorithms used along with industrial robots and a high tech laser head, make a fully automated deburring process possible. This setup could potentially be applied to medium sized parts of different light casting alloys (Mg, AlZn, etc.).
An Investigation on the Wear Resistance and Fatigue Behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V Notched Members Coated with Hydroxyapatite Coatings
Authors: Oskouei Reza , Fallahnezhad Khosro , Kuppusami Sushmitha
Published: February 2016

In this study, surface properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy coated with hydroxyapatite coatings were investigated. Wear resistance and fatigue behaviour of samples with coating thicknesses of 10 and 50 µm as well as uncoated samples were examined. Wear experiments demonstrated that the friction factor of the uncoated titanium decreased from 0.31 to 0.06, through a fluctuating trend, after 50 cycles of wear tests. However, the friction factor of both the coated samples (10 and 50 µm) gradually decreased from 0.20 to 0.12 after 50 cycles. At the end of the 50th cycle, the penetration depth of the 10 and 50 µm coated samples were 7.69 and 6.06 µm, respectively. Fatigue tests showed that hydroxyapatite coatings could improve fatigue life of a notched Ti-6Al-4V member in both low and high cycle fatigue zones. It was understood, from fractography of the fracture surfaces, that the fatigue zone of the uncoated specimens was generally smaller in comparison with that of the coated specimens. No significant difference was observed between the fatigue life of coated specimens with 10 and 50 µm thicknesses.
An in Vitro Twist Fatigue Test of Fabric Stent-Grafts Supported by Z-Stents vs. Ringed Stents
Authors: Lin Jing , Guidoin Robert , Du Jia , Wang Lu , Douglas Graeham , Zhu Danjie , Nutley Mark , Perron Lygia , Zhang Ze , Douville Yvan
Published: February 2016

Whereas buckling can cause type III endoleaks, long-term twisting of a stent-graft was investigated here as a mechanism leading to type V endoleak or endotension. Two experimental device designs supported with Z-stents having strut angles of 35° or 45° were compared to a ringed control under accelerated twisting. Damage to each device was assessed and compared after different durations of twisting, with focus on damage that may allow leakage. Stent-grafts with 35° Z-stents had the most severe distortion and damage to the graft fabric. The 45° Z-stents caused less fabric damage. However, consistent stretching was still seen around the holes for sutures, which attach the stents to the graft fabric. Larger holes may become channels for fluid percolation through the wall. The ringed stent-graft had the least damage observed. Stent apexes with sharp angles appear to be responsible for major damage to the fabrics. Device manufacturers should consider stent apex angle when designing stent-grafts, and ensure their devices are resistant to twisting.
Molecular and Functional Characterization of FLOWERING LOCUS T Homologs in Allium cepa
Authors: Manoharan Ranjith , Han Jeong , Vijayakumar Harshavardhanan , Subramani Boopathi , Thamilarasan Senthil , Park Jong-In , Nou Ill-Sup
Published: February 2016

Onion bulbing is an important agricultural trait affecting economic value and is regulated by flowering-related genes. FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)-like gene function is crucial for the initiation of flowering in various plant species and also in asexual reproduction in tuber plants. By employing various computational analysis using RNA-Seq data, we identified eight FT-like genes (AcFT) encoding PEBP (phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein) domains in Allium cepa. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of FT-like proteins revealed six proteins that were identical to previously reported AcFT1-6 proteins, as well as one (AcFT7) with a highly conserved region shared with AcFT6 and another (comp106231) with low similarity to MFT protein, but containing a PEBP domain. Homology modelling of AcFT7 proteins showed similar structures and conservation of amino acids crucial for function in AtFT (Arabidopsis) and Hd3a (rice), with variation in the C-terminal region. Further, we analyzed AcFT expression patterns in different transitional stages, as well as under SD (short-day), LD (long-day), and drought treatment in two contrasting genotypic lines EM (early maturation, 36101) and LM (late maturation, 36122). The FT transcript levels were greatly affected by various environmental factors such as photoperiod, temperature and drought. Our results suggest that AcFT7 is a member of the FT-like genes in Allium cepa and may be involved in regulation of onion bulbing, similar to other FT genes. In addition, AcFT4 and AcFT7 could be involved in establishing the difference in timing of bulb maturity between the two contrasting onion lines.
Dielectric Properties and Energy Storage Densities of Poly(vinylidenefluoride) Nanocomposite with Surface Hydroxylated Cube Shaped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Shaohui , Xiu Shaomei , Shen Bo , Zhai Jiwei , Kong Ling
Published: February 2016

Ceramic-polymer nanocomposites, consisting of surface hydroxylated cube-shaped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 nanoparticles (BST–NPs) as fillers and poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) as matrix, have been fabricated by using a solution casting method. The nanocomposites exhibited increased dielectric constant and improved breakdown strength. Dielectric constants of the nanocomposite with surface hydroxylated BST–NPs (BST–NPs–OH) were higher as compared with those of their untreated BST–NPs composites. The sample with 40 vol % BST–NPs–OH had a dielectric constant of 36 (1 kHz). Different theoretical models have been employed to predict the dielectric constants of the nanocomposites, in order to compare with the experimental data. The BST–NPs–OH/PVDF composites also exhibited higher breakdown strength than their BST–NP/PVDF counterparts. A maximal energy density of 3.9 J/cm3 was achieved in the composite with 5 vol % BST–NPs–OH. This hydroxylation strategy could be used as a reference to develop ceramic-polymer composite materials with enhanced dielectric properties and energy storage densities.
Moving Towards Dynamic Ocean Management: How Well Do Modeled Ocean Products Predict Species Distributions?
Authors: Becker Elizabeth , Forney Karin , Fiedler Paul , Barlow Jay , Chivers Susan , Edwards Christopher , Moore Andrew , Redfern Jessica
Published: February 2016

Species distribution models are now widely used in conservation and management to predict suitable habitat for protected marine species. The primary sources of dynamic habitat data have been in situ and remotely sensed oceanic variables (both are considered “measured data”), but now ocean models can provide historical estimates and forecast predictions of relevant habitat variables such as temperature, salinity, and mixed layer depth. To assess the performance of modeled ocean data in species distribution models, we present a case study for cetaceans that compares models based on output from a data assimilative implementation of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) to those based on measured data. Specifically, we used seven years of cetacean line-transect survey data collected between 1991 and 2009 to develop predictive habitat-based models of cetacean density for 11 species in the California Current Ecosystem. Two different generalized additive models were compared: one built with a full suite of ROMS output and another built with a full suite of measured data. Model performance was assessed using the percentage of explained deviance, root mean squared error (RMSE), observed to predicted density ratios, and visual inspection of predicted and observed distributions. Predicted distribution patterns were similar for models using ROMS output and measured data, and showed good concordance between observed sightings and model predictions. Quantitative measures of predictive ability were also similar between model types, and RMSE values were almost identical. The overall demonstrated success of the ROMS-based models opens new opportunities for dynamic species management and biodiversity monitoring because ROMS output is available in near real time and can be forecast.
Detection and Inspection of Steel Bars in Reinforced Concrete Structures Using Active Infrared Thermography with Microwave Excitation and Eddy Current Sensors
Authors: Szymanik Barbara , Frankowski Paweł , Chady Tomasz , John Chelliah Cyril
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this paper is to present a multi-sensor approach to the detection and inspection of steel bars in reinforced concrete structures. In connection with our past experience related to non-destructive testing of different materials, we propose using two potentially effective methods: active infrared thermography with microwave excitation and the eddy current technique. In this article active infrared thermography with microwave excitation is analyzed both by numerical modeling and experiments. This method, based on thermal imaging, due to its characteriatics should be considered as a preliminary method for the assessment of relatively shallowly located steel bar reinforcements. The eddy current technique, on the other hand, allows for more detailed evaluation and detection of deeply located rebars. In this paper a series of measurement results, together with the initial identification of certain features of steel reinforcement bars will be presented.