bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Information Processing Algorithms in the Steel-Teeming Ladles Tracking System in Steelmaking
Authors: Trofimenko Y. M. , Ershov E. V. , Varfolomeev I. A.
Published: March 2023

Purpose of research. The purpose of research is to increase the efficiency of control over the movement of steel ladles in steelmaking, through the development of mathematical and software.

Methods. The control of the movement of steel-pouring ladles can be divided into 2 parts: the first is the object detection in the image from a camera located on a certain section of the route, followed by determining the position of the object in the frame, and the second part is identification based on an array of data from different systems. Methods used in research are: mathematical modeling, neural networks, the basics of the theory of algorithms construction, as well as software and hardware of modern computer technologies. The article describes a model for the routes generation for the movement of steel ladles, on the basis of which the control of the movement of steel ladles is carried out. Algorithmic support is a combination of such algorithms as: an algorithm for generating possible routes for moving steel ladles, an algorithm for determining the position of a steel ladle on a route for moving steel ladles, an algorithm for identifying a steel ladle and a generalized algorithm for processing information. The structuralfunctional organization of the tracking system for steel-pouring ladles in steel-smelting production is given.

Results. Experimental verification of algorithmic support was carried out on a test data set, which was formed from real technological data. Adaptation and tuning of the algorithms and software will make it possible to apply this software system in steelmaking plants with a different composition of plant units.

Conclusion. Control over the movement of steel ladles allows build the process so that the movement of liquid steel will cause minimal heat loss. The need to heat steel in secondary processing units is correlates with energy costs. Thus, reducing heat loss and downtime of steel ladles will reduce energy costs for the entire process.
Algorithm for Controlling the Movement of the Actuator of the Device for Active-Passive Mechanotherapy of the Ankle Join
Authors: Knyazev A. A. , Fedorov A. V. , Yatsun A. S.
Published: March 2023

Purpose of research. The article is devoted to the development of an algorithm for controlling the movement of a controlled mobile platform of a passive mechanotherapy ankle joint apparatus. One of the most common injuries sustained by humans is damage to the ankle joint in sports, domestic, industrial exercises, and as a result of car accidents. Falls from heights with a landing on the feet, including parachute jumps, also often result in ankle injuries. In order to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation, mechanotherapy is usually used. The relevance of the topic is related to the high efficiency of robotic rehabilitation devices, which, thanks to back-linking and electrically controlled actuators, can perform lower limb movements in an optimal way.

Methods. The structural diagram of the device control system has been developed. The proposed algorithm uses the strategy of paralleling control actions with the use of corrective and reference controls to calculate control voltages. Presence of force-moment feeling system enables to estimate change of reaction value in time and timely fix the moment of spastic effects appearance, muscle contracture and automatically make changes in foot movement laws in order to exclude patient's traumatisation and pain syndrome elimination.

Results. A methodology for constructing the desired dependence of foot rotation angles on time in the sagittal and frontal planes is proposed. We have developed an operating algorithm for the laws of motion and decision-making block, an algorithm for generating control voltages from the reference model, an operating algorithm for the voltage correction block, and an operating algorithm for the reference model correction block. As a result of virtual tests on the mathematical model of the device, we obtained the basic patterns of motion of the actuator in the form of dependences of the rotation angle of the platform from the time.

Conclusion. The results of testing the device show that controlling the movement of the actuator for active-passive mechanotherapy of the ankle joint using the algorithms described in the article is reasonable.
Causes´ Analysis of Cracks During Welding of High-Pressure Vessel Body Made of Titanium Alloy
Authors: Ryumshin V. Y. , Chevychelov S. A.
Published: March 2023

Purpose of reseach is to identify the causes of cracks during welding of high-pressure vessel body made of titanium alloy.

Methods. Features of welded joint microstructure of high-pressure vessel body made of titanium alloy are described and studied by color flaw detection methods, fluoroscopy, and examination of the cuts. The causes of cracks in the bodies of pressure vessels are identified. The causes are a combination of internal stresses and structures features.

Results. Based on the analysis of cut samples microstructure, it follows that the stamping of the power element was supplied without preliminary heat treatment. The formation of crack foci on the inner surface of the power element, at the place of alloy transition to the area of the attachment site, is primarily associated with large volumetric internal stresses, which are additionally summed up with surface stresses from machining and thermal stresses during welding. Based on the obtained data, it follows that when using a specialized tooling with a copper backing that provides pressurization of inert gas, welding stresses in a weld area are reduced by several orders of magnitude compared to the area where the tooling was without copper backing. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the causes of cracks in the bodies of high-pressure vessels are a combination of internal stresses due to the lack of preliminary thermal treatment of power elements made of titanium alloy, which are part of a high-pressure vessel, as well as stresses arising during welding of the power element with shells, considering design features.

Conclusion. To eliminate the cause of cracks, additional experimental work was carried out. Surfacing the manual ADF of reinforcing roller into the zone of maximum stresses of the power element was done. The proposed solution met expectations - all the bodies of high-pressure vessels passed hydraulic tests, which made it possible to preserve material part.
Defining the Digital Measurement of Scratching During Sleep or Nocturnal Scratching: Review of the Literature
Authors: Ke Wang Will , Cesnakova Lucia , Goldsack Jennifer C , Dunn Jessilyn
Published: March 2023

Background

Digital sensing solutions represent a convenient, objective, relatively inexpensive method that could be leveraged for assessing symptoms of various health conditions. Recent progress in the capabilities of digital sensing products has targeted the measurement of scratching during sleep, traditionally referred to as nocturnal scratching, in patients with atopic dermatitis or other skin conditions. Many solutions measuring nocturnal scratch have been developed; however, a lack of efforts toward standardization of the measure’s definition and contextualization of scratching during sleep hampers the ability to compare different technologies for this purpose.

Objective

We aimed to address this gap and bring forth unified measurement definitions for nocturnal scratch.

Methods

We performed a narrative literature review of definitions of scratching in patients with skin inflammation and a targeted literature review of sleep in the context of the period during which such scratching occurred. Both searches were limited to English language studies in humans. The extracted data were synthesized into themes based on study characteristics: scratch as a behavior, other characterization of the scratching movement, and measurement parameters for both scratch and sleep. We then developed ontologies for the digital measurement of sleep scratching.

Results

In all, 29 studies defined inflammation-related scratching between 1996 and 2021. When cross-referenced with the results of search terms describing the sleep period, only 2 of these scratch-related papers also described sleep-related variables. From these search results, we developed an evidence-based and patient-centric definition of nocturnal scratch: an action of rhythmic and repetitive skin contact movement performed during a delimited time period of intended and actual sleep that is not restricted to any specific time of the day or night. Based on the measurement properties identified in the searches, we developed ontologies of relevant concepts that can be used as a starting point to develop standardized outcome measures of scratching during sleep in patients with inflammatory skin conditions.

Conclusions

This work is intended to serve as a foundation for the future development of unified and well-described digital health technologies measuring nocturnal scratching and should enable better communication and sharing of results between various stakeholders taking part in research in atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory skin conditions.
The role of the family in the treatment of obesity in children. Clinical case
Authors: Velychko V.I. , Lahoda D.O. , Kornovan G.V. , Bazhora Y.I.
Published: March 2023

According to recent studies, obesity is associated with genetic variations, iatrogenic conditions, viruses, environmental and behavioral factors. Currently, the treatment of childhood obesity is mainly aimed at limiting energy consumption by changing the child’s lifestyle. Families bear the main social responsibility for raising and educating children. Family sports are an addition to school and play an indispensable role. The object of family sports intervention is not only children, but also parents. In addition, parents’ behavior has a lot of influence on the formation of the views of teenagers. Eating habits and attitudes towards one’s own nutrition are also formed thanks to parental example. This article highlights a clinical example of managing a family with a teenage boy diagnosed with obesity. Diet and physical activity recommendations were given to the patient and his parents. Given that there is already a history of interventions to reduce body mass and the patient did not get the desired result, we suggested to focus on modifying the life of not only the patient, but also the family. Due to a comprehensive approach to lifestyle modification of the whole family, we obtained a positive result, namely: the patient reduced his body weight by 20.5 kg during the year of observation. In addition, a decrease in glycated hemoglobin from 6.0 to 5.48 % was observed, which is a good prognostic criterion for the further possible development of diabetes. The patient himself noted that he had improved relationships in the family and with peers.
ONLINE JOB PORTAL USING DJANGO
Authors: G DHANALAKSHMI , PATRICIA P DAPHNE , SOWMIYAA A ANU , RAJESWARI K K ARUNA
Published: March 2023

Our current generation uses the internet for everything right from shopping to getting hired. In this project, we attempt to address and minimize the gap between the job seeker and the recruiter through this ONLINE JOB PORTAL (Web Application) using python Django. This is done by considering details of both the job seeker and the recruiter and by applying a variety of filters to satisfy their requirements. Job seekers can search for vacancies according to their qualifications, skills, and experience as well as a recruiter can easily find suitable and eligible candidates using the job seeker’s resume and profile details. In addition to this, there will be an administrator to manage and authenticate the system services. We are using MVT, a software designing architecture, to design this system. In the existing system, they have the book store feature, where users can access books based on their requirements but in our project, we are providing informative videos on how to face interviews and videos regarding their career necessities; the existing system provides updates on new job availabilities posted (within 2–3 days) but we are going to provide updates on all job availabilities posted within the past 15 days along with their opening and closing dates and also add the feature of detecting the search errors using LIKE operator (pattern matching) and string matching algorithm.
LAMP GENE- Structure, Function and Involvement in Cancer
Authors: Begum Nazima , Sadiq Maryam , Uddin Mohammed Azeem , Kareem Shaik Abdul , Raniya Khuba
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The LAMP1 gene in humans produces the lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1), also known as lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 and CD107a (Cluster of Differentiation 107a). The human LAMP1 gene is found in region 3, band 4 of chromosome 13's long arm (q). These glycoproteins, which are typically found across lysosomal membranes, have a long, heavily glycosylated end on the luminal side of the membrane with N-linked carbon chains and a short, cytoplasm-expose C-terminal tail. A structure resembling a hinge exists in the extracytoplasmic region, and it is capable of forming disulphide bridges that are similar to those found in human immunoglobulin A Cancer cells frequently express LAMP1 and LAMP2 on their cell surfaces, especially tumours with a high propensity to metastasize, such melanoma and colon cancer, which has been found to be correlated with the propensity to metastasize. Danon disease, which is brought on by a change (mutation) in the LAMP2 gene. Currently, case reports and databases have identified approximately 160 distinct LAMP2 gene variants that have the potential to cause Danon disease. The prognosis has been shown to be most adversely affected by mutations that result in the total lack of the LAMP2 protein.
The results of Bryansk State University scientific research in 2022 in the field of creation of mobile ropeways and forest rope units based on self-propelled wheeled chassis
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University, Stepchenko T.A. , Babich O.V. ,   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University
Published: March 2023

The results of the research activity of scientists of the Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University in the field of developing promising domestic designs of mobile aerial rope systems of various functional purposes — mobile ropeways based on self-propelled wheeled chassis of high load capacity and cross-country ability, airmobile cable cars based on container and frame rope installations transported by air transport, forest rope units for logging. The description of the developed mathematical models and methods of modeling work processes during the operation of the specified rope equipment, including the creation of digital twins, traction calculation, analysis of dynamic processes, maintenance planning, etc. is given.
Methodological aspects of creating frames for low-power vehicles (ATVS) based on tubular profiles
Authors:   Izhevsk Motor Plant Axion-holding JSC, Dalida N.V. , Filkin N.M. ,   Izhevsk State Technical University named after M.T. Kalashnikov, Scuba D.V. ,   LLC Technostudio Profile
Published: March 2023

The paper discusses the main methodological aspects of creating a carrier system (frame) of a lowpower vehicle (quad-cycle) based on tubular profiles. The basic requirements for the frame of the ATV, the issues of the layout of the ATV based on the basic three points are considered. The requirements for the ATV frame are proposed, taking into account the possibilities of unification of design elements and modernization of the structure in the future when creating other models of tires. The analysis of consumer properties for the ATV and the influence of these properties on the design of the designed machine is carried out. A simplified algorithm for the development of a low-power vehicle frame is proposed, and it is also proposed to extend the cubic shape method to the ATV design process. The accuracy requirements for various methods of assembly of tubular parts of the ATV carrier system are considered.
Experimental study of the deformed state of metal structures of load trolleys of overhead cranes with a multipurpose layout drawing
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Denisov I.A.
Published: March 2023

Deformations of the supporting metal structures of machines for various purposes have a significant impact on the performance of the equipment installed on them. Insufficient rigidity of a metal structure can cause jamming and failure of drive elements and working bodies of material handling, construction and road machines, the operation of which is associated with the impact of high static and dynamic loads. Therefore, when designing new structural schemes of load-bearing metal structures, special attention must be paid to the issue of ensuring the necessary rigidity. The presented work contains the results of an experimental assessment of the deformed state of physical models of the metal structures of load trolleys of overhead cranes, made on the basis of a multipurpose layout drawing using various types of connections of bearing elements. The article reflects information about the methodology of experimental research, describes the features of the physical models of metal structures used in the course of the experiment. The data on the vertical displacements of the control points of metal structures when using various loading schemes are given. An assessment was made of the influence of the type of applied connections of load-bearing elements on the features of the resulting deformed state of the metal structure. A comparative analysis of experimental data and calculated values of vertical displacements of points of metal structures obtained as a result of computer simulation of the formed state using various finite element models is performed.
A review on the positive implications of augmented reality pick-by-vision in warehouse management systems
Authors: Jumahat Shaliza , Sidhu Manjit , Shah Sharulhizam
Published: March 2023

Augmented reality (AR) is a significant Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) technology that employs computer-generated display, sound, text, and effects to enhance the user's real-world experience via wearable devices. Order picking processes have had a substantial influence on overall operational efficiency in warehouse management systems (WMS). The conventional picking process is challenging to handle, which may result in deviations from the intended picking performance. Pick-by-vision, a new technological solution for order picking, is receiving growing attention and is now considered a significant WMS-supporting technology. This article explores the positive implications and prospects of utilizing AR pick-by-vision technology in the warehouse picking processes by performing a narrative review of the previous review articles. To demonstrate the focus of the main area, this study also presents the hierarchical classification structure of AR implementation in WMS and highlights the pick-by-vision method. The analysis provided important key findings by evaluating 23 articles (original articles and case studies) on AR pick-by-vision technology applications, which are significant to the prospective advantages of AR pick-by-vision deployment in warehouse operations. This study gathers knowledge and insight that can be used by both academics and professionals who are interested in optimizing this new advanced technology for future research.
Waste analysis of tapioca unloading process with lean supply chain approach in Makassar Port
Authors: Suradi Suradi , Lantara Dirgahayu , Padhil Ahmad
Published: March 2023

In the process of dismantling tapioca flour, waste occurs due to activities that do not provide added value (Non-Value Added). The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the types of waste and then propose improvements to eliminate activities that do not provide added value. By using the concept of lean supply chain and value stream mapping (VSM) it is expected to eliminate activities that do not provide added value and make the company more productive. Through the analysis of seven wastes and fishbone diagrams, it is known that the biggest causes of waste are waiting for the arrival of workers, waiting for pilot/tug boats, waiting for trucks to arrive, and working on sacks that have fallen and torn. Meanwhile, the recommendations given are to coordinate and evaluate the performance of workers, increase the number of pilot/tug boats and trucks, and supervise the unloading process to minimize mistakes made by workers. With the proposed improvement, the cycle time, which was originally 335.34 minutes decreased to 271.97 minutes, and for Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) which was originally 68.30% increased to 84.22%.
Assessing carbon emissions reduction by incorporating automated monitoring system during transit: a case study
Authors: Efimova Anastasia , Saini Mohan
Published: March 2023

The green concept in operations is becoming an inevitable part of global maritime logistics activities and has an important influence on the improvement of efficiency and environmental performance. This paper aims to assess the continuous monitoring and tracking of container shipments at the ports in order to reduce carbon emissions thus improving environmental performance. In this research, near real-time RFID data tracing and tracking container cargo are shared by the automated monitoring system. The collected data gathered via digitalization is further analyzed to ensure a greener maritime logistics system. The significant findings of the study for the literature show that the actual fuel consumption is reduced when automated monitoring systems are used at the ports (Ports and CFS (Container freight station)). The reduced fuel consumption during the transit between the ports and CFS has resulted in a reduction in carbon emissions of environmental performance. The results show a 6 % reduction in emissions from port to CFS and 23% from CFS to ports. Thus, effective practices in Green Logistics are considered to be beneficial for carbon emissions. These findings contribute to the understanding and development of effective strategies for logistic operations using technologies to create a green performance. The study was performed in a certain set of environmental dimensions and the results may vary depending on the organization, which can be studied further in future research.
The usage of RFID robots in logistics process management
Authors: Trebuna Peter , Matiscsak Matus , Kliment Marek , Pekarcikova Miriam
Published: March 2023

The aim of this post is to point out the use of RFID robots in the management of logistics processes. RFID technology is defined first. RFID technology represents identification using radio frequency waves. The principle is to store the necessary data in radio frequency memory chips and then repeatedly read or write the data using a reader. We divide RFID chips into active and passive. Active RFID chips use energy from a battery, while passive RFID chips are a technology without an internal power source. Passive RFID is the most common form of RFID in warehouses, using which inventory is taken using RFID robots or hand-held RFID readers. Nowadays, many RFID robots from different manufacturers are available on the market. When choosing, I must consider where we want to use the RFID robot and choose the one that suits us based on its specific characteristics. The RFID robot is a mobile and autonomous RFID system that performs an inventory of the given space based on our initial setup. The RFID robot locates each item in 2 dimensions (x and y). Most robots can move in all directions because they can rotate without shifting. The accuracy of the inventory using the RFID robot ranges from 95-99%, while the accuracy of the inventory performed by employees using handheld RFID readers ranges from 85-95%. As for speed, it is on average 10 times faster compared to manual RFID readers.
Assisting artificial intelligence adoption drivers in human resources management: a mediation model
Authors: AL Qahtani Eman , Alsmairat Mohammad
Published: March 2023

This study investigates the artificial intelligence (AI) adoption drivers and the mediating effects of trust and how the latter influence human resources management (HRM) of the banking sector in Saudi Arabia. A survey-based questionnaire was employed to collect data from 261 practitioners and professionals working in different banks in Saudi Arabia. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze data. Significant and positive effects of perceived usefulness and trust on artificial intelligence adoption in human resource management are highlighted by the results. In addition, the indirect effects of trust between perceived usefulness and AI adoption in human resource management were also found to be significant.
From Social Chronotope to Political Myth: Ukrainian Case
Authors: Fadeeva Liubov A.
Published: March 2023

The author proposes to consider ideas, values, meanings and orientations regarding the identity of Ukraine that gained independence through the concept of a social chronotope. This implies a conceptual and mental space in which temporal and spatial characteristics are combined. The researcher uses a socio-constructivist approach to identity, a discourse analysis of publications by representatives of the political and intellectual elite, and secondary sociological data. The social chronotope was formed by the Ukrainian elite based on historical myths and new geopolitical realities that made Ukraine the largest country in Europe. The most important component of the chronotope was the idea that Ukraine needs an identity that distinguishes it from Russia. If the events of 2004 determined the vector of Ukrainian identity politics as European, the Euromaidan of 2014 drew a demarcation line not only between Ukraine and Russia, but also between Kyiv as a center of political power and a symbol of political community, on the one hand, and the pro-Russian regions of the eastern Ukraine, on the other hand. Their inhabitants were denied Ukrainian citizenship, their views and values were marginalized, which destroyed the social chronotope. It is, thus, replaced with an ideological confrontation in the form of a political myth about the Europeanness of Ukraine, which is hindered by Russia and the “separatists” under its influence.
The Concept of Political Correctness in Political Process of the Modern United Kingdom
Authors: Golovin Mikhail S.
Published: March 2023

The concept of political correctness is essencial for the modern Western political process. The aim of the article is to find out its role and place in the political discourse of modern right-wing political organizations. The case of the British right-wing radical political party «Britain First» can be explained, firstly, by the popularity of the ideas of political correctness in UK, and, secondly, by the importance of criticism of the semantic content and symbolic nature of political correctness for ideologists the British far-right. The results of the study show that criticism of the ideas of political correctness occupies one of the central places in the ideological discourse of the right-wing radical party in UK, as well as in the rhetoric of both major British politicians and public perception. To sum up, it is worth noting that modern right-wing radical political parties, of which «Britain First» can rightfully be considered a vivid example, which actively, instrumentally and competently highlights this issues in their discourse. They realize the importance of transformation of their ideology and complementing its nationalistic the core of the agenda, which, in one way or another, affects the social, cultural and political processes in modern European states.
Axiological Foundations of Russian Statehood: “Truth” and “Justice” in the Domestic Ideological and Political Discourse
Authors: Perevezentsev Sergey V. , Ananiev Dmitry A.
Published: March 2023

The concept of “truth” as a valuable spiritual and political category is constantly present in Russian spiritual and political writings from antiquity to the present day. But in the 18th century, there is an important transformation of this concept in the domestic ideological and political discourse: Under the influence of the Western European tradition in Russian socio-political writings of the state, conservative-educational and radical-educational trends, there is a gradual transition from traditional concepts, including the concept of “truth”, to such concepts as “justice” or “common use”. Thus, it acquires a significance that persists, including in modern political science literature. However, the concept of “truth” in its traditional meaning does not disappear at all from the socio-political discourse of the 18th century, but is used mainly in fiction, primarily in poetry, and in the writings of the traditionalist-Orthodox trend. A similar conclusion was made possible by an original methodological approach: the analysis of the works of the authors of the 18th century. It was carried out on the basis of the search database of the National Corpus of the Russian language, while in total more than 800 texts created in 1701-1800 were studied, in which the words “truth” and “justice” were used. In addition to the general scientific methodological apparatus, the main research methods were content analysis and political-textual analysis.
In Search of Harmony: The Idea of Social Harmony in the Writings of Early Socialists
Authors: Anderson Kirill M. , Zvereva Maria S.
Published: March 2023

The problems of the history of socialist ideas, their origin and possible role in nowadays became the subject of scholar interest again. The problem of the social arrangement becomes more acute today than ever. Descriptions and even attempts to construct a harmonious society appeared many centuries ago. Two revolutions The Great French Revolution and the industrial revolution annihilated the ideological basis of previous times pushing forward the class structure instead of medieval system of estates. The first ones who found out the signs of order, not complete chaos, were early socialists A. Saint-Simon, S. Fourier, and R. Owen. This research is devoted to the comparison of approaches to the idea of social harmony of Saint-Simonists and Owenists. The main research method used is political-textual analysis. The conclusion of present study confirms that Saint-Simon and Owen being on the same side, followed different ways leading to harmonious state. However, their projects were united by a common radical idea - the complete reorganization of society, first - the system of classes and estates.
There Is No Hierarchy of Norms, There Is a Hierarchy of Instances: Normative and Subject-Political Justification of the Hierarchy of Normative Legal Acts in the Teachings of Hans Kelsen and Karl Schmitt
Authors: Ukhanov Anton D.
Published: March 2023

The problem of legal force and the hierarchy of normative legal acts must be considered at the intersection of political and legal knowledge, since such acts are not just a form of external consolidation of legal norms prescribing a certain model of behavior to the subject, but also express the state-power will, fix the institutional and political framework and the alignment of political forces in society. In the history of political and legal thought, two main ways of substantiating the legal force of normative legal acts have taken shape: normative and subject-political. The most consistently and argumentatively indicated methods are set out in the theoretical works of German lawyers of the last century, Hans Kelsen and Karl Schmitt. The article proposes to compare the views of thinkers on the nature of legal force and the hierarchy of normative legal acts. In the final part of the work, a variant of a conciliatory interpretation of competing approaches is substantiated, and conclusions are drawn about the relative practical significance of the analyzed theoretical models in the context of legal practice and the political process.
Origin of written law
Authors: Bekbaev Erzat Z.
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the origin of written law issues stems from the need to address pluralism of concepts concerning law origin. Research investigates the issues of the origin of law as a set of rules of conduct fixed by the state in writing and intended for interaction of people between themselves and public authority represented by the state and other persons. In a primitive society the rules of behavior were fixed mainly in oral speech, which forced people to interact usually within the earshot of a person's voice. Oral speech could not be used for constant and everyday interaction between those groups of people who were far from each other in their camps and settlements. The written form of law and legal norms is an attributive feature of the legal system, consisting of law, legal relations and legal consciousness. The hypothesis suggests that law formation takes place in the process of establishing a written form by the state to a number of social norms of primitive society. Written law creates an additional opportunity for residents of different settlements, cities and countries to interact with each other at a distance; it contributes to centralization of state regulation in a certain territory, unification of social norms, and strengthening and expansion of state power.
Assessment of Risk Factors of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Among Women: An Online Based Survey
Authors: Ishrar S. M. G. , Narayana Goruntla , Aneesa.K. S Asma , Priya Chennampalli , Swetha Roddam
Published: March 2023

Polycystic ovary disorder is a fluctuated and regularly intricate cluster of metabolic and endocrine anomalies. This study aims to assess the risk of PCOS among women aged 15-45 years. This is an online-based cross-sectional survey conducted among women of childbearing age in South India. The data was collected online by providing google links to fill out questionnaire forms by various social media platforms. The questionnaire consists of demographic details and assessment questions. Microsoft Excel was used to interpret data. Statistical analysis done by using chi-square test. A total of 466 women responded, among which the women of 15-25 years and 25-36 years, h 32.46% have hirsutism,22.7% have infertility and overweight problems, 24.7% have mood swings, 49.2% have sleep disturbances, 55.5% have tiredness, 41.9% people have good awareness regarding exercise and lifestyle modifications. This study reveals that there is no proper knowledge about PCOS in the population, especially among girls and women, therefore there is a need to educate the public regarding PCOS at a younger age for better health outcomes.
Contaminación del agua del río Durazno, Costa Rica: más allá del índice holandés de calidad del agua
Authors: Venegas González Douglas Alberto , Morales Mora Eric , Barrantes Jiménez Kenia , Gómez Ramírez Eddy , Fuentes-Schweizer Paola , Irías Mata Andrea
Published: March 2023

RESUMEN. Introducción: La microcuenca del río Durazno en Costa Rica es fuente de agua para consumo humano, pero se sospecha de contaminación microbiológica por varios usos del suelo. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad del agua de la microcuenca del Durazno desde el punto de vista fisicoquímico, microbiológico y antibiótico. Métodos: Utilizamos el índice holandés de calidad del agua; Métodos Estándar para el Examen de Agua y Aguas Residuales; y extracción en fase sólida y cromatografía líquida de ultra alta resolución con espectrometría de masas en tándem. Resultados: Si bien los parámetros fisicoquímicos indicaron una calidad de agua adecuada, microbiológicamente esta agua no es aceptable para el consumo humano. El agua tiene doxiciclina y cefotaxima, posiblemente de origen agrícola. Este es el primer reporte de Cefotaxima en agua de Costa Rica. El índice holandés no tiene en cuenta parámetros microbiológicos que también son importantes. Conclusión: El río Durazno no cumple con los estándares para consumo humano de agua y el índice holandés necesita ser complementado con parámetros microbiológicos.
“CsPbX3 Perovskite Single Crystal For structural Stability and Photodetection”
Authors: Ejaz Mohsin , Mehmood Saad , Sadiq Saiqa , Khan Sapna
Published: March 2023

There are numerous applications for semiconductor-dependent light
detection in various appliances. Finding semiconductors with affordable
processing is crucial since the fabrication of commercial photodetectors
requires complex and expensive instruments. Due to their ease of
production and exceptional qualities, such as effective light absorption
and high carrier mobility, hybrid organic–inorganic metal halide
perovskites (MHPs) have attracted attention in this regard. Due to its
attractive intermediate band gap and exceptional photostability, thermal
stability, and moisture stability, all-inorganic CsPbBr3 has recently
been identified as a good option for photodetection. A variety of
synthesis techniques have been used to produce highly crystalline
CsPbBr3 perovskites with a wide range of morphologies and dimensions,
each enabling a particular application for a photodetector, such as
cameras for handheld devices, large-area flat panel detectors, and
flexible light sensors.The fabrication and integration of CsPbBr3 single
crystals, microcrystals, nanowires, thin films, and nanocrystals into
photodetectors are covered in detail in this review.
Untitled Document
Authors: Seesanong Somkiat , Seangarun Chaowared , Boonchom Banjong , Sronsri Chuchai , Laohavisuti Nongnuch , Montri Nattaya , Thompho Somphob , Boonmee Wimonmat , Rungrojchaipon Pesak
Published: March 2023

High consumption of mollusk shells generates many waste mollusk shells.
To reduce and utilize these wastes, they can be cleaned and milled to
produce calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powders, which can be further used as
raw material for producing valuable products. This research presents a
simple, cheap, and environmentally friendly preparation of calcium
phosphates by using waste mollusk shells as a renewable source. All
synthesized calcium phosphate samples were characterized and confirmed
by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared
spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. The
addition of phosphoric acid to mollusk-derived CaCO3 generated triple
superphosphate (TSP), which was consisting of two or more calcium
phosphate compounds. After the TSP powder was dissolved in water,
non-soluble powders were obtained and found to be dicalcium phosphate
dihydrate (DCPD, CaHPO4•2H2O). After removing non-soluble compounds and
then the self-evaporating process of the solution fraction to dryness,
the recrystallized product was investigated and confirmed as monocalcium
phosphate monohydrate (MCPM, Ca(H2PO4)2•H2O). This recrystallization
process produced highly purified Ca(H2PO4)2•H2O with high solubility and
phosphorus content that can be used as an effective fertilizer. The
green and low-cost preparation of calcium phosphates proposed in this
research will be valuable to reduce waste mollusk shells by reforming
them into value-added products. This information points out the
viewpoint of a zero-waste operation for obtaining sustainable
development, which could be selected as an effective technique for waste
management and recycling.
Risk factors for early extubation failure among very low birth weight neonates in a tertiary level neonatal unit of North India - a prospective observational study
Authors: Tripathi Shalini , Srivastava Garvita , Kumar Mala , SN Singh
Published: March 2023

Background- Premature births are on a rise. Mechanical
ventilation (MV) is required by very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates
with respiratory failure. Optimal extubation remains challenging, as
approximately 30% of ventilated preterm infants fail extubation. The
incidence and risk factors for extubation failure (EF) may vary from
country to country. Methods- This prospective observational
study was conducted among VLBW neonates to find the EF rate and risk
factors. Results- Of the 60 enrolled neonates with a mean
gestational age of 30.94±1.55 weeks and mean birth weight of 1198±201
grams, 25 (41.7%) failed extubation. The risk factors associated with
EF were shock (0.002), use of vasopressor (0.005), presence of
complications (pneumothorax, ventilator-associated pneumonia) (0.032),
anemia (0.017), culture-positive sepsis (0.042), duration of MV (0.006),
post-extubation FiO2 requirement (<0.001) and post-extubation
blood gas parameters- pH (<0.001), PaCO2 (0.001), HCO3
(0.001), SPO2/FiO2 ratio (p<0.001). On multivariate
regression, Silverman Anderson (SAS) Score ≥ 5 (OR 5.23; 95% CI 2.3-12;
<0.001) and anemia (hemoglobin less than 12 gram/dl)
(OR1.71;95%CI 0.96-3.06; 0.028) were significant risk factors.
Significantly more babies in the EF group expired (0.002). Also,
neonates who failed extubation had an increased length of NICU stay as
compared to those who succeeded 27±14 vs 20±12 days (p=0.048).
Conclusion- Forty-one percent of VLBW neonates failed
extubation. Post extubation SAS of ≥ 5, anemia (hemoglobin less than 12
grams) were independent risk factors for EF. Neonates with EF had poor
outcomes with more deaths and prolong NICU stay.
Mass Transfer to a Nanocatalyst-Dependence Upon Particle Size
Authors: Robinson Klaudia , Jordan Matthew , Wiesner Theodore
Published: March 2023

There is presently a paucity of mass transfer studies to single
nanocatalyst particles with diameters ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm. We
have experimentally investigated the flux associated with the
electrocatalytic reduction of hexacyanoferrate (III) to hexacyanoferrate
(II) on gold nanospheres. We have found that the flux of
hexacyanoferrate (III) to the surface is insensitive to particle sizes
in the range of 30 nm ≤ dp ≤ 100 nm. For particle sizes of 5 nm ≤ dp ≤
30 nm, we see the flux increase sharply as the particle size decreases.
While qualitatively the same, the measured fluxes are one to three
orders of magnitude smaller than that predicted by a diffusion-limited
model. Factors in addition to diffusion are evaluated and discussed,
including enhanced surface reactivity of nanoparticles, flux
concentration due to sphericity, interactions among particles, presence
of stabilizing layers on the particle, and advection due to Brownian
motion.
K-doped CuO/ZnO with Dual Active Centers of Synergism for Highly Efficient Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis
Authors: Han Han , Ye Xue , Yao Jie , Gao Xinhua , Yu Jinghao , Guo Lisheng , Li jie
Published: March 2023

The application of heterogeneous catalysts in dimethyl carbonate (DMC)
synthesis from methanol is hindered by low activation efficiency of
methanol to methoxy intermediates (CH3O*), which is the key intermediate
for DMC generation. Herein, a catalyst of alkali metal K anchored on the
CuO/ZnO oxide is rationally designed for offering Lewis acid-base pairs
as dual active centers to improve the activation efficiency of methanol.
Characterizations of CO2-TPD, NH3-TPD, XPS, and DRIFTS revealed that the
addition of Lewis base K observably boosted the dissociation of methanol
and combined with Lewis acid CuO/ZnO oxide to adsorb the formed CH3O*
stably, thus synergistically promoted the transesterification. Finally,
the CuO/ZnO-9%K2O catalyst exhibited the optimal catalytic activity,
achieving a high yield of 74.4% with an excellent selectivity of 98.9%
for DMC at a low temperature of 90 °C. The strategy of constructing
Lewis acid-base pairs provides a reference for the design of
heterogeneous catalysts.
Evaluating Implementation Uncertainties and Defining Safe Operating Spaces for Deeply Uncertain Cooperative Multi-City Water Supply Investment Pathways
Authors: Lau Lillian Bei Jia , Reed Patrick M. , Gold David F
Published: March 2023

Urban water utilities are increasingly exploring cooperative regional
water supply investment and management strategies due to climate change
and growing demands. Theoretically, regional cooperative agreements
promise improved resource efficiency by realizing economies of scale,
adding flexibility for achieving improved supply reliability, and,
ideally, limiting individual and collective financial risks. However,
there has been little research exploring how implementation
uncertainties in the partners’ cooperative actions shape infrastructure
investment and management pathways’ robustness and drive counterparty
risks. Counterparty risks potentially exacerbate collaborating partners’
vulnerability to the supply and financial challenges they initially
sought to mitigate through cooperation. To address these concerns, we
introduce the Safe Operating Spaces for Deeply Uncertain Water Supply
Pathways (DUSOS Pathways) framework. The framework, demonstrated on the
multi-city Sedento Valley benchmarking test case, facilitates the formal
characterization of the effects of implementation uncertainty within
cooperative regional water supply investment and management policy
pathways. Results demonstrate the path-dependent effects of
implementation uncertainties in short-term operational drought
mitigation instruments and long-term infrastructure investments. Our
analysis further reveals the potential for increased regional conflict
due to asymmetries between partners’ vulnerabilities to the actions of
cooperating partners that can be exacerbated by other deeply uncertain
factors that reduce their robustness (e.g., demand growth rates). The
study finally delineates safe operating spaces, beyond which utilities
experience robustness degradation and increased vulnerabilities to
future uncertainties to guide implementation of cooperative policy
pathways. Overall, this framework is broadly applicable to regional
systems seeking to navigate complex cooperative regional water supply
investment and management policy pathways.
A night-side shock aurora and its three different emissions observed on 26 February 2023
Authors: Nanjo Sota , Yamauchi Masatoshi , Johnsen Magnar Gullikstad , Yokoyama Yoshihiro , Brändström Urban , Hosokawa Keisuke
Published: March 2023

Ground-based observations of shock aurora, which is an aurora related to
geomagnetic sudden commencement (SC), have mainly been limited to the
dayside. On 26 February 2023, right after the SC onset at 19:24 UT,
ground-based all-sky cameras and a wide-angle camera detected shock
aurora at 21 MLT in the auroral zone. For this aurora, three different
emissions are detected instead of the previously known two emissions:
intensification of a pre-existing arc (19:25 UT), red diffuse aurora
(19:28 UT), and a second, green discrete arc (19:31 UT). The relative
location of these emissions differs from the dayside cases where the
first and last types are not distinguished. Geomagnetic data under this
aurora indicates a significant difference in the anti-sunward
propagation velocity between the secondary discrete arc and the related
field-aligned current.