bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation of polyethylene by indigenous fungi from waste recycling site, South West, Nigeria
Authors: Ayeni Temitope Oluwatosin , Arotupin Daniel Juwon , Ayo Oisagah Ezekiel
Published: June 2022

Background

Indiscriminate disposal of polyethylene materials has become a regular practice among developing nations of Africa, especially in Nigeria. This has resulted in environmental pollution; hence, this study investigates the microbial degradation of polyethylene obtained from a polyethylene dumpsite in South West, Nigeria, under static in vitro condition. Soil samples were analysed for mineral composition and physicochemical characteristics. The fungal isolates were screened for polyethylene degradation using minimal salt medium containing polyethylene as sole source of carbon and nitrogen for their ability to degrade polyethylene. Gravimetric analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to monitor the biodegradation of the polyethylene.

Results

Aspergillus flavus, A. nidulans, Penicillium chrysogenum, Mucor mucedo, Eurotium repens, A. fumigatus and Rhizopus stolonifer were enumerated. Mean microbial count ranged from 1.37 × 107 to 8.2 × 108 SFU/g. Individual weight loss was observed in the polyethylene strip cultured with P. chrysogenum (1%), E. repens (1%) and A. nidulans (2%). The changes observed in the FTIR spectra especially the polyethylene sample inoculated with A. nidulans confirm the significant role of fungi in polyethylene degradation. Hence, its usage in the treatment of polyethylene in the environment is a cheap eco-friendly alternative.

Conclusion

Aspergillus nidulans, E. repens and P. notatum play significant roles in the biodegradation of polyethylene which necessitates incorporating in polyethylene products waste management to foster a cleaner environment.
Extraction of a novel tanning agent from indigenous plant bark and its application in leather processing
Authors: Das Raju Kumar , Mizan Al , Zohra Fatema Tuj , Ahmed Sobur , Ahmed Khondoker Shahin , Hossain Hemayet
Published: June 2022

The use of vegetable tanning materials in leather processing has drawn attention as an alternative to basic chromium sulphate for its natural abundance and environmental aspects. In this work, an attempt has been made to extract vegetable tannins from Xylocarpus granatum bark using different solvents (e.g., water, methanol, ethanol, and chloroform) and compare with conventional vegetable tanning agents such as mimosa and quebracho. The highest extraction efficiency was observed 31.22% by methanol. The presence of tannin content and polyphenolic compounds, e.g. (-)epicatechin (503 mg/100 g dry extract), catechin hydrate (218 mg/100 g dry extract), catechol (29 mg/100 g dry extract) were ensured by UV–Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy and HPLC. Again, condensed tannins, moisture content, and pH of the methanol extracted tannin were found 47.80%, 5.82%, and 3.97 respectively. The leather tanned by Xylocarpus granatum tannin showed a shrinkage temperature of 86.34 ± 1.52 °C. Other properties such as tensile strength, tear strength, grain cracking load, and distention at grain cracking were comparable to conventional vegetable-tanned leather. The cross-sectional morphology of the tanned leathers was also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which revealed a compact structure of the leather fibers. In light of the findings from the study, X. granatum bark tannin could be a well alternative to chromium and a new source of vegetable tannin for the leather industry.

Graphical Abstract
Role of prenatal fetal echocardiography in the assessment of intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Ali Nesma Saied Ahmed Ahmed , Ibrahim Fatma Salah Eldeen Mohammed , Shalaby Nevine AbdelMonem Tawfik , Hassan Hend Galal Eldeen Mohamed Ali
Published: June 2022

Background

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common diagnosis in obstetrics and carries an increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Identification of IUGR is crucial because proper evaluation and management can result in a favourable outcome. Cardiovascular dysfunction and remodelling is a central feature of IUGR. The aim of the study was to use the left modified myocardial performance index (MPI), assess cardiac function in foetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) compared to healthy foetuses, and to connect the relationship between changes in MPI and perinatal outcome. A prospective study was conducted with 60 singleton foetuses between 24 and 40 weeks of gestation without foetal chromosomal abnormalities or major malformations, divided into two groups: 30 women with intrauterine growth restriction (30 women) and another 30 women with normal pregnancies (foetal growth pattern appropriate for gestational age and normal heart findings with normal sinus rhythm) who were matched for gestational age and served as the controls. Trans-abdominal ultrasound examination was done with 3.5–7-MHz curvilinear Probe (GE Medical US equipment). The umbilical arteries, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus all had blood flow velocity waveforms recorded. The pulsatility index (PI), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), and Doppler velocimetry (DV) of the umbilical artery were all measured. All foetuses had their myocardial performance index assessed. Normal and abnormal umbilical artery(UA) Doppler, as well as normal and abnormal MCA Doppler, were used to examine the intrauterine growth restriction group. Foetal growth restrictions (FGR) foetuses' Mod-MPI values were compared to gestation-matched controls. The outcomes of the perinatal period were documented.

Results

Intrauterine growth restriction foetuses with defective umbilical arteries Doppler had a substantially higher mean left myocardial performance index (mean 0.58 SD 0.093) than healthy foetuses (mean 0.45SD 0.070) (P 0.001). When compared to the control group, IUGR foetuses with abnormal left myocardial performance index had a significantly worse perinatal outcome and higher morbidity. When compared to intrauterine growth restriction foetuses with normal MPI, intrauterine growth restriction foetuses with defective left MPI had a significantly worse perinatal outcome (whether the UA Doppler was normal or abnormal). Based on the perinatal result, the foetal myocardial performance index was linked to the severity of foetal impairment in intrauterine growth restriction foetuses.

Conclusion

MPI has the potential to be a useful technique for evaluating IUGR pregnancies and predicting neonatal outcome. Within the IUGR foetuses, MPI foetal echocardiographic characteristics can define a high-risk group.
Incidence and risk factors of urinary tract infection in neonatal sepsis
Authors: Kamel Ashraf S. , Abd El Moktader Ahmed M. , Abd El Reheem Fadwa , Sayed Muhammad A.
Published: June 2022

Background

Neonates with sepsis may have concurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), which may be asymptomatic or have nonspecific symptoms. Failure to diagnose UTI, resulting in a delay of appropriate therapy, has been reported to cause renal scarring, hypertension, and kidney failure among infants. This study aimed to determine the contribution of UTI to neonatal sepsis and to assess different risk factors that could be associated with UTI. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Fayoum University Hospital, Fayoum, Egypt, between March 2018 and January 2019. Neonates of both genders from birth to the 28th day of life with clinical features of either early- or late-onset sepsis (during or after the first 3 days of life, respectively) were enrolled in this study. All neonates were subjected to complete history taking from the parents, full clinical examination, and laboratory investigations including complete blood count, C-reactive protein, blood culture, and urine culture.

Results

The current study included 100 neonates admitted to the NICU with clinical and laboratory features of sepsis. Positive blood culture (proven sepsis) was detected in 60%, and the proportion of positive urine culture (UTI) in the entire study group was 11%. The incidence of UTI was 11.7% in proven sepsis compared to 10% in suspected sepsis, and it was 16.36% in late-onset sepsis (LOS) versus 4.44% in early-onset sepsis (EOS). There was a statistically significant association between poor feeding and feeding intolerance and positive urine culture (UTI). Leukopenia and expert panel criteria score showed high sensitivity (81.80% and 90.90%, respectively) but low specificity for the diagnosis of UTI.

Conclusions

Gram-negative bacteria have been highly suspected in cases of neonatal sepsis. Poor feeding and feeding intolerance have association with positive urine culture. Finally, urine culture for sepsis was recommended especially in the late type.
Biological solution conditions and flanking sequence modulate LLPS of RNA G-quadruplex structures
Authors: Williams Allison M. , Dickson Taylor M. , Lagoa-Miguel Claudia A. , Bevilacqua Philip C.
Published: June 2022

Guanine-rich regions of DNA or RNA can form structures with two or more consecutive G-quartets called G-quadruplexes (GQ). Recent studies reveal the potential for these structures to aggregate in vitro. Here, we report effects of in vivo concentrations of additives—amino acids, nucleotides, and crowding agents—on the structure and solution behavior of RNAs containing GQ-forming sequences. We found that cytosine nucleotides destabilize a model GQ structure at biological salt concentrations, while free amino acids and other nucleotides do not do so to a substantial degree. We also report that the tendency of folded GQs to form droplets or to aggregate depends on the nature of flanking sequence and the presence of additives. Notably, in the presence of biological amounts of polyamines, flanking regions on the 5′-end of the RNA drive more droplet-like phase separation, while flanking regions on the 3′-end, as well as both the 5′- and 3′-ends, induce more condensed, granular structures. Finally, we provide an example of a biological sequence in the presence of polyamines and show that crowders such as PEG and dextran can selectively cause its phase separation. These findings have implications for the participation of GQS in LLPS in vivo.
Clinical effects of TP-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on CD133 and HE4 expression in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Su Xianhui , Sun Xuewen , Wang Ying , Kang Yanhui , Dai Yuna
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To investigate the clinical effects of TP-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on the levels of antigen cluster protein 133 (CD133) and human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: A total of 104 patients with advanced EOC hospitalized in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University from April 2015 to December 2018 were assigned to two groups using a random number table. A control group (n =52) treated by the conventional postoperative TP regimen and an observation group (n =52) receiving HIPEC in addition to the conventional postoperative TP regimen. CD133 and HE4 expression in serum, overall response rate (ORR), long-term efficacy, and incidence of drug toxicity were measured for comparative analysis.

Results: The serum levels of CD133 and HE4 expression in the observation group were lower than in the control group (P < 0.005, respectively); the observation group surpassed the control group in ORR, 2-year survival, and progression-free survival (PFS) (P < 0.005, respectively); however, the two groups had no statistically significant difference in the incidence of drug toxicity (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: TP-based HIPEC can effectively inhibit CD133 and HE4 expression in advanced EOC, which thereby improves the clinical efficacy and encourages longer survival.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5287

How to cite this:Su X, Sun X, Wang Y, Kang Y, Dai Y. Clinical effects of TP-based hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on CD133 and HE4 expression in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5287

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparative study of core needle biopsy and fine needle aspiration in the treatment of metastatic lymph nodes guided by contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Authors: Mu Wei-na , Li Jian-heng , Liu Ying , Liang Hui-qing , Liu Xin
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic efficacy of fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) for metastatic lymph nodes guided by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and to provide reference for clinical selection of puncture methods.

Methods: A total of 168 patients who were admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from June 2020 to January 2021 and required puncture of the diseased lymph nodes were included. Seventy six patients were guided by conventional ultrasound, of which 37 received FNA and 39 received CNB. 92 patients were guided by CEUS, of which 41 received FNA and 51 received CNB. The diagnostic accuracy of FNA and CNB guided by conventional ultrasound and CEUS was compared, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of FNA and CNB in the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes guided by CEUS were further compared.

Results: The diagnostic accuracy of FNA and CNB guided by CEUS were higher than that guided by conventional ultrasound, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of FNA and CNB in the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes were 95.0%, 95.2%, 95.0%, 95.2%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P>0.05).

Conclusion: CEUS can guide puncture and improve diagnosis accuracy. No statistical difference can be seen in the diagnostic efficacy of CNB and FNA for metastatic lymph nodes, CNB can provide more diagnostic information, while FNA can replace CNB for metastatic lymph nodes adjacent to blood vessels and difficult to operate.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5471

How to cite this:Mu W, Li J, Liu Y, Liang H, Liu X. Comparative study of core needle biopsy and fine needle aspiration in the treatment of metastatic lymph nodes guided by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5471

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of pre-operative administration of single-dose of gabapentin on postop surgical pain in patients undergoing sternotomy for CABG
Authors: Latif Rukhsana , Ilyas Kashaf , Hafeez Zainab
Published: June 2022

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of perioperative administration of a single dose of gabapentin on postoperative pain in patients undergoing sternotomy for CABG.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the cardiology ward of Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, form 9th June 2020to 9th June 2021. The participants were consecutively enrolled in the Gabapentin group, who received 1200 mg of Gabapentin two hours before the surgery for the two days, and the placebo group. The outcomes measurement involved the need for fentanyl intake in the first two postoperative days; pain at rest and in the moment in the first three postoperative days; postsurgical sleep scores; and patients reported quality of recovery.

Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled in the study, 25 in each group. No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of fentanyl intake, sleep scores, visual analog pain score, and the need for any adjunctive pain medication (p>0.05). Similarly, no significant difference was found in terms of occurrence of side-effects and quality of recovery (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Pre-operative administration of a single dose of Gabapentin doesn’t significantly influence the post-operative pain, opioid consumption, sleep quality, or quality of recovery in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5518

How to cite this:Ilyas K, Latif R, Hafeez Z. Effect of pre-operative administration of single-dose of gabapentin on postop surgical pain in patients undergoing sternotomy for CABG. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5518

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Outcomes of topiramate for prophylaxis of chronic migraine headache
Authors: Ahmed Khawar , Rafiq Hussain , Tariq Shalmeen
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To explore the prophylactic outcome and tolerability of topiramate in patients suffering from chronic episodes of migraine.

Methods: A prospective, non-interventional study was conducted at the Neurology Department of Nishtar Medical University & Hospital Multan from 17th Aug 2020 to 17th Aug 2021. The eligible patients were administered topiramate (flexible dose) for six months while the treatment was continued for another six months upon the advice of the physician. The patients were analyzed for improvement in migraine intensity and adverse effects of the evaluated drug at 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th weeks, and at 6th, 9th, and 12th months. SPSS version 18 was used for statistical analysis

Results: Out of the total of one hundred enrolled patients, 30 discontinued the study due to unavoidable adverse effects, loss in the follow-up period, and other unknown reasons. The median endpoint dose was 45 mg/dl ± 20.5mg/day. Both median days with migraine episodes and median pain intensity score significantly reduced from 7 to 1.5 days and from 16 to 2.75, respectively (p<0.01). Women who were found to have menstruation-related migraines reported a decrease in the median number of migraine episodes from 3.0 to 0.8 (p=0.01). The utilization of triptan reduced significantly along with significant improvement in self-reported impairment of life. Nausea (2.5%) and paresthesia (5.7%) were the most reported adverse effects.

Conclusion: Topiramate not only significantly prevents migraine intensity and frequency of episodes but is also well-tolerated.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5616

How to cite this:Ahmed K, Rafiq H, Tariq S. Outcomes of topiramate for prophylaxis of chronic migraine headache. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5616

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
An exploration of how potential early school leavers and teachers in disadvantaged post primary schools perceive their relationships
Authors: Ρήγος Μάρκος
Published: June 2022

Η παρούσα μελέτη, εστιάζοντας σε περιπτώσεις πιθανής σχολικής διαρροής σε δευτεροβάθμιες σχολικές μονάδες μειονεκτικών αστικών περιοχών, αποσκοπεί στην παρουσίαση των διαπροσωπικών σχέσεων μαθητών και εκπαιδευτικών όπως αυτές γίνονται αντιληπτές από τους ίδιους. Με αφετηρία τη φαινομενολογική κατανόηση του κόσμου εφαρμόζεται μια πολυμεθοδική ερμηνευτική διερεύνηση, ικανή να ενσωματωθεί στην εκπαιδευτική πράξη και να συμπεριλάβει τόσο τις υποκειμενικές αναπαραστάσεις και τη συστημική διάσταση της σχέσης μαθητών - εκπαιδευτικών όσο και τη δυναμική της βιωμένης εμπειρίας. Σκόπιμα επιλεγμένοι μαθητές και εκπαιδευτικοί από δύο σχολεία συμμετέχουν σε μια σειρά ερευνητικών διαδικασιών που βασίζονται στην παρατήρηση και τη συνέντευξη, με στόχο την πρισματική μελέτη του υπό έρευνα αντικειμένου και τη μεγιστοποίηση της εμπιστευσιμότητας των πληροφοριών. Πρόσθετες πληροφορίες συλλέγονται από τους γονείς των μαθητών και από σχολικό προσωπικό με θέσεις ευθύνης σε περιπτώσεις σχολικής διαρροής. Η ανάλυση, σύνθεση και παρουσίαση των πληροφοριών αναπτύσσονται στη βάση του μοντέλου της πολλαπλής μελέτης περίπτωσης. Μέσα από την ανάλυση επτά διασταυρούμενων σχέσεων μαθητών – εκπαιδευτικών αναδεικνύονται κοινά και διαφοροποιημένα στοιχεία. Γίνεται εμφανές πόσο διαφορετικά μπορεί να νοηματοδοτούνται οι σχέσεις που αφορούν τα ίδια άτομα και πώς η διαπροσωπική διάσταση των σχέσεων κρίνεται ως σημαντική για κάποιους μαθητές και πολύ λιγότερο για κάποιους άλλους. Ο χρόνος και η επίμονη προσπάθεια των εκπαιδευτικών να δημιουργήσουν ένα θετικό μαθησιακό κλίμα αναδεικνύονται ως σημαντικοί παράγοντες για τη διαμόρφωση της υπό μελέτη σχεσιοδυναμικής. Στη βάση των συστημικών δεδομένων και τον πλούτο των συλλεχθέντων πληροφοριών συζητείται η μεταβιβασιμότητα των ευρημάτων σε άλλα παρόμοια πλαίσια. Εντοπίζονται οι εγγενείς επιστημολογικοί περιορισμοί του θεωρητικού μοντέλου που υιοθετείται και γίνονται προτάσεις για μεθοδολογικές βελτιώσεις. Εν κατακλείδι, παρουσιάζονται δυνατότητες για την αξιοποίηση της σχέσης μαθητών - εκπαιδευτικών σε μειονεκτικές αστικές περιοχές, μέσα από έρευνα δράσης και ψυχοεκπαιδευτικές παρεμβάσεις.
Έλεγχος επαναγγείωσης μοσχευμάτων οπίσθιων μηριαίων και τετρακεφάλου μετά την συνδεσμοπλαστική πρόσθιου χιαστού συνδέσμου
Authors: Αμπατζής Ηλίας
Published: June 2022

Προηγούμενες μελέτες έδειξαν ότι το αυτομόσχευμα του επιγονατιδικού τένοντα που χρησιμοποιείται για την αποκατάσταση του διερρηγμένου Πρόσθιου Χιαστού Συνδέσμου (ΠΧΣ) επανακτά σταδιακά την ενδογενή του αγγείωση, από την περιφέρεια προς το κέντρο, στα πλαίσια της διαδικασίας επούλωσης που υφίσταται μετά την τοποθέτηση αυτού στην άρθρωση του γόνατος.Σκοπός: Αξιολόγηση της κλινικής έκβασης και της επαναγγείωσης των αυτομοσχευμάτων five-strand single-bundle hamstring (SBH) και bone-quadriceps (BQ) που χρησιμοποιούνται για την αποκατάσταση του ΠΧΣ. Υλικό και μέθοδοι: 46 ασθενείς συμπεριλήφθηκαν στη μελέτη, 26 υποβλήθηκαν σε αποκατάσταση με οπίσθιους μηριαίους SBH (ομάδα Α), ενώ 20 με αυτομόσχευμα τένοντα τετρακέφαλου BQ (ομάδα Β). Όλοι οι ασθενείς υποβλήθηκαν σε μαγνητική τομογραφία τρεις ημέρες, έξι και δώδεκα μήνες μετεγχειρητικά. Οι αξιολογήσεις περιλάμβαναν τη δοκιμασία Lachman, τη βαθμολογία δραστηριότητας Tegner, την ισοκινητική δοκιμασία Biodex, τη βαθμολογία Lysholm και τη μετατόπιση με αρθρομέτρηση KT-1000. Ο δείκτης ενίσχυσης (EI) υπολογίστηκε σε τρία συγκεκριμένα σημεία κάθε μοσχεύματος και πραγματοποιήθηκαν συγκρίσεις για κάθε χρονικό διάστημα. Οι τομές αυτές είναι: η ενδοαρθρική (τομή - 1), η ενδοοστική - κνήμη (τομή - 2) και η ενδοαρθρική - κνήμη κοντά στο υλικό στερέωσης (τομή - 3). Οι συγκρίσεις καθώς και η εγκάρσια επιφάνεια πραγματοποιήθηκαν σε κάθε περιοχή ενδιαφέροντος, για κάθε τομή του μοσχεύματος και σε κάθε χρονική στιγμή με το τεστ ANOVA.Αποτελέσματα: Η δοκιμασία Lachman, οι βαθμολογίες Lysholm, οι βαθμολογίες δραστηριότητας Tegner και οι τιμές της διαφοράς μεταξύ πλευρών έδειξαν σημαντική βελτίωση μετά τη χειρουργική επέμβαση και στις δύο ομάδες (P<.001). Όσον αφορά τη δύναμη της έκτασης του γόνατος, δεν διαπιστώθηκε σημαντική διαφορά μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων, ενώ η δύναμη της κάμψης ήταν σημαντικά καλύτερη στην ομάδα Β. Το QT παρουσίασε καλύτερη επαναγγείωση σε σύγκριση με τα μοσχεύματα HT (P<.001) στους έξι μήνες, ενώ δεν παρατηρήθηκε σημαντική διαφορά δώδεκα μήνες μετά τη χειρουργική επέμβαση. Η ενδοαρθρική θέση εμφάνισε υψηλότερη EI (P<.001)σε σύγκριση με τις θέσεις ενδοοστικής κνημιαίας σήραγγας και ενδοοστικής βίδας juxta στους έξι μήνες, ενώ διαπιστώθηκε μη σημαντική αύξηση δώδεκα μήνες μετά την επέμβαση.Συμπεράσματα: Δεν υπήρξε διαφορά μεταξύ των δύο τύπων μοσχεύματος όσον αφορά τη σταθερότητα και το λειτουργικό αποτέλεσμα, εκτός από την αποκατάσταση των καμπτήρων μυών όπου το μόσχευμα QT είναι καλύτερο. Η επαναγγείωση ήταν καλύτερη στο μόσχευμα QT τον έκτο μήνα, αλλά δεν υπήρχε σημαντική διαφορά στην τελική παρακολούθηση μετά από χρονικό διάστημα δώδεκα μηνών.
Ψυχοπαιδαγωγική θεώρηση στην ανθρωπολογία του Εκκλησιαστή
Authors: Γλάρος Ευάγγελος
Published: June 2022

Η παρούσα διατριβή έχει ως αντικείμενο την “ανασύνθεση” και εμβάθυνση του περιεχομένου στο βιβλίο του Εκκλησιαστή υπό το πρίσμα της Ψυχοπαιδαγωγικής Επιστήμης. Η ανθρώπινη δράση και συμπεριφορά διερευνήθηκε εντός του πεδίου της βιβλικής θεολογίας, ώστε να καταστεί εφικτή η έκθεση, το εύρος και το βάθος των θεολογικών και παιδαγωγικών μηνυμάτων του ιερού κειμένου με εσχατολογική στοχοθεσία. Συμπληρωματικά, στην παρούσα μελέτη, επιλέχθηκαν από το χώρο της εκκλησιαστικής παράδοσης οι ερμηνευτές εκείνοι που ανέσυραν, κατά την άποψή μας, εναργέστερα το ψυχοπαιδαγωγικό πνεύμα και το «κεκρυμμένο βάθος» στο βιβλίο του Εκκλησιαστή.Από την προσεχτική μελέτη του βιβλίου τεκμηριώνεται πως ο Εκκλησιαστής θεολογεί σε ανθρωπολογικά, ηθικά, κοινωνικά και μεταφυσικά ζητήματα, με βάση τα εμπειρικά ανθρώπινα δεδομένα και τα προσωπικά του βιώματα. Χρησιμοποιεί το απόσταγμα της θεωρητικής και πρακτικής του προσέγγισης για την αποτίμηση και αξιολόγηση της ανθρώπινης ζωής σε συνάρτηση με το θεϊκό Νόμο.Ο Εκκλησιαστής προβάλλει μια συγκροτημένη θέση για την αξία της ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης στην καθολική της μορφή. Διαμορφώνει μαθησιακές διαδικασίες σε πραγματικά ζητήματα του ανθρώπινου βίου, με κύριο μέλημά του την ηθική διάπλαση του ανθρώπου, δια της αρετής και την κατά Θεόν εργασία, διεργασία που τελικά καθίσταται μοναδική και πρωταρχική του ανάγκη.Ο διδάσκαλος Qoheleth, όντας επιδεκτικός στα ποικίλα ερεθίσματα, εμπλέκεται σε ασυνήθιστες δραστηριότητες διερευνώντας μέσα από τον ανθρώπινο βίο την παρουσία του Θεού-Γιαχβέ. Αναδεικνύει παράγοντες που διευκολύνουν την κατά Θεόν μάθηση, η οποία πραγματώνεται στην καθημερινή του πράξη.Ο εντοπισμός των βασικών παιδαγωγικών αρχών και η αλληλεξάρτηση αυτών φανερώνουν τη διαχρονική αξία του βιβλίου, ενισχύουν τον ιδιαίτερο χαρακτήρα της διδασκαλίας του και συγκροτούν λόγο ζωής, επιτυγχάνοντας ταχεία κατανόηση και πρόσληψη της παιδαγωγικής τους λειτουργίας από τον παιδαγωγούμενο άνθρωπο. Μεταβάλλοντας τον παραδοσιακό τρόπο επικοινωνίας-αναζήτησης μεταξύ Θεού και ανθρώπου αποβλέπει στο θρησκευτικό γραμματισμό του περιούσιου λαού του Θεού.Η μεγάλη συμβολή του Εκκλησιαστή έγκειται στο γεγονός ότι προετοιμάζει το ανθρώπινο γένος στο να αποδεχθεί στην προ της Χάρης εποχή, την δικαίωση ή την απόρριψη, την αμοιβή ή την στέρηση της ευφροσύνης στο χώρο της αιωνιότητας, προπαρασκευάζοντας το ανθρώπινο γένος για την έλευση του Μεσσία Χριστού. Μπροστά στο αδιέξοδο του θανάτου τηρεί στάση αναμονής έχοντας στραμμένη την ελπίδα του για οριστική λύση στο Δημιουργό του. Με τις τελικές του διαπιστώσεις υπερβαίνει τον μηδενισμό και την απαισιοδοξία που τον διακατέχει και παρουσιάζει μια ρεαλιστική πρόταση ζωής, στηριζόμενος στην αληθινή πίστη προς τον ένα και αληθινό Θεό.
Information-intelligent systems for determining the geometric elements of logging roads
Authors: Tikhomirov Petr , Skrypnikov Aleksey , Volodina Yuliya , Bondarev A. , Borovlev Yuriy , Vikulin Igor'
Published: June 2022

This article discusses the issues of using ground-based stereophotogrammetric survey to determine the geometric elements of logging roads. Due to the lack of developments on the assessment of accuracy in determining the geometric elements of roads, the use of terrestrial stereophotogrammetry makes it possible to eliminate the shortcomings of geodetic measurement methods, since it makes it possible to obtain reliable information about the road as a result of the use of modern computer technologies. These issues are very relevant when performing work on the inspection of logging roads for the purpose of their reconstruction. For carrying out the reconstruction of a logging road, along with the definition of its elements, such as the width of the carriageway, the radius of horizontal and vertical curves, it is very important to determine the main points of the curves. This is due to the need to survey the existing road in terms of traffic safety on it. Determining the position of the beginning and end of the curve directly in the field is a rather complex and time-consuming task. The most rational way to determine the main points of the curve will be the one in which all measuring operations will be carried out in the office process and with sufficient accuracy for further design. To determine the main points of the curve, an analytical method is proposed using materials from ground-based stereophotogrammetric survey, which is based on obtaining the polar coordinates of these points of the curve. The use of ground-based stereophotogrammetric surveys makes it possible to obtain objective and high-quality information about a logging road, transfer labor-intensive measurement operations to the cameral process, and automate survey work. Ground-based photo-video recording materials allow directly in office conditions using a stereoscopic terrain model to measure the width of the subgrade of the road, the radii of vertical and horizontal curves, the angles of inclination and slopes of lines, and to determine the position of the main points of the curves. The use of modern computer technologies significantly increases the advantages of the ground-based stereophotogrammetry method.
Zoonosis virales emergentes ¿Qué sabemos y qué desconocemos?
Authors: Lorenzo Consuelo , Tapia-Ramírez Gloria , Hernández-Aguilar Itandehui , Hernández-Montero Jesús R.
Published: June 2022

Después del surgimiento de la pandemia por COVID-19, se difundió información sobre otras enfermedades transmitidas al humano a través de animales (zoonosis). Pero ¿cuál es el panorama de estas enfermedades en el país? ¿México podría ser epicentro de un evento pandémico?
SCHOOL AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE FOR RANKING HIGH SCHOOLS: SOME EVIDENCE FROM ITALY
Authors: Marcarelli Gabriella , Mancini Paola
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to investigate and compare the performance of Italian public high schools (HS) to provide a ranking among different typologies of HS. In this paper, seven criteria that refer to students’ school and academic performance were considered. The sample includes 263 high schools in all Italian regions, grouped into 6 different types of schools and 3 geographic areas. Assuming that all criteria have the same weights, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to derive the ranking among the typologies of schools both at a national level and within each geographic area. The main results show that there are significant differences between HS according to criteria related to school and academic performance both within and between geographic areas. The ranking does not vary, but the intensity of preferences may be different according to the area and/or the criterion considered. The application of PROMETHEE to the same problem confirms the results obtained by the AHP.
COVID-19 and Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Implications for Future Policy, Practice, and Research
Authors: Hewitt Amy S. , Smith John G. , Weintraub Liz
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has been hard for everyone. For the estimated seven and a half million people in the United States who live with intellectual disability (Residential Information Systems Project, 2020), it has been very hard. Lives have been disrupted by lost jobs, lack of access to friends/family, and challenges finding enough staff to provide supports and needed healthcare. Studies have shown that people with IDD are at a much greater risk of getting COVID-19 and dying from it (Cuypers et al., 2020; Gleason et al., 2021; Kaye, 2021; Landes, Turk, & Ervin, 2020; Nygren & Lulinski, 2020). Without question, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) struggled as the COVID-19 pandemic began and as it has continued. Too many were isolated from friends and family for far too long. Too many were lonely and bored. Too many have not received the support they have needed during the pandemic. Far too many were denied treatment and far too many have died. As a nation we must reflect on what has happened and listen to people with IDD and their families about their experiences. This commentary reflects on the implications of COVID-19 for research, policy, and practice through the lens of people with IDD.
Terahertz Generation by Imaging-free Nonlinear Echelon Slab
Authors: Illés Gergő , Tibai Zoltán , Pálfalvi László , Sarkadi Batózs , Mészáros Anna , Almási Gábor , Hebling János , Tóth György
Published: June 2022

The imaging-free nonlinear echelon slab (IFNLES) terahertz source suppresses some of the limitations of the conventional tilted pulse front setup. It enables the generation of terahertz pulses with mJ level energy.
Ultrashort Petawatt Laser Pulse Generation by Nonlinear Pulse Compression: 10 fs at PEARL Facility
Authors: Shaykin Andrey , Ginzburg Vladislav , Yakovlev Ivan , Kochetkov Anton , Kuzmin Alexey , Mironov Sergey , Shaikin Ilya , Stukachev Sergey , Khazanov Efim
Published: June 2022

The output pulse of the PEARL was compressed to 10 fs by reflecting from chirped mirrors after propagation through Kerr nonlinear medium. The power was more than 1.5 PW. It is the shortest pulse for all petawatt lasers.
Far-red emitting MgAl2O4:Cr3+ceramic phosphors with luminescence thermal stability for plant lighting LEDs
Authors: Sun Kai , Yin Xiaomeng , Li Zhenqing , Lin Hui , Hong Ruijin , Zhang Dawei , Zhang Zhijun , Zheng Guanhaojie , Ding Yuchong
Published: June 2022

MgAl2O4:Cr3+far-red emitting ceramic phosphors were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The photoluminescence characteristics, especially the luminescence thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and its application in phosphor-converted LEDs were studied. Under 450 nm excitation, the ceramic phosphors exhibited an emission range of 650-750 nm and showed a narrow-band emission peaked at 688 nm. It also shows 708 nm and 718 nm far-red emission, which matches well with the absorption peak of the plant phytochrome PFR. The luminescence thermal stability of MgAl1.99O4:0.01Cr3+was excellent. The integral intensity of the two emissions peaked at 708 nm and 718 nm at 500 K can maintain 98.27% and 98.24% of the counterparts measured at room temperature, respectively, showing zero thermal quenching behavior up to 500 K. The thermal conductivity of the MgAl1.99O4:0.01Cr3+ceramic was 10.3 W·m-1·K-1. These results indicate that MgAl2O4:Cr3+ceramic phosphors can be applied in plant lighting when packaged onto 450 nm blue LED chips.
Pengembangan Mobile Learning Rensi (Relasi dan Fungsi) Berbasis Android pada Pokok Bahasan Relasi dan Fungsi sebagai Sumber Belajar Mandiri Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Aziz Ramadan Fadlilah , Arfinanti Nurul
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan mobile learning android yang berkualitas sebagai sumber belajar mandiri siswa. Mobile learning ini berisikan materi Relasi dan Fungsi yang ditujukan untuk siswa kelas VIII SMP. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan 4D. Tahapan 4D meliputi tahap define (penetapan produk), tahap design (perancangan produk), tahap development (pengembangan produk), dan tahap dissemination (penyebarluasan). Kriteria ketercapaian kualitas pada mobile learning RENSI didapatkan dari pengujian oleh para ahli dan dinyatakan praktis oleh siswa. Hasil dari penelitian pengembangan ini berupa aplikasi mobile learning android RENSI (Relasi dan Fungsi) yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif sumber belajar mandiri siswa kelas VIII SMP. Melalui uji coba yang dilakukan oleh ahli materi, mobile learning ini mendapat persentase keidealan pengaplikasian media 94,79% (sangat baik), oleh ahli media mendapatkan persentase keidealan muatan materi 84,38 % (sangat baik) sehingga mobile learning RENSI dikatakan valid. Pengujian untuk mengetahui kepraktisan mobile learning oleh respon siswa memperoleh persentase keidealan kepraktisan penggunaan 76,25% (setuju). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mobile learning RENSI telah layak digunakan sebagai sumber belajar mandiri siswa kelas VIII SMP.
Hasil Belajar Matematika dan Keaktifan Peserta Didik Kelas VII SMP Negeri 8 Salatiga dengan Model RME Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Windasari Ririn , Istiqlal Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Hasil belajar dan keaktifan menjadi salah satu tolok ukur keberhasilan pembelajaran di kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dan keaktifan peserta didik  pada mata pelajaran matematika materi penyajian data dengan model pembelajaran RME kelas VII F SMP Negeri 8 Salatiga. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis  Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VII F semester genap tahun ajaran 2018/2019 berjumlah 29 peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, tes hasil belajar, angket, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran RME  dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan peserta didik  pada materi penyajian data  kelas  VII. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siklus I sebesar  54,06 dan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 24,13%, kemudian meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 80,06 dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 89,65%. Rata-rata keaktifan peserta didik siklus I dan II indikator 1 interaksi dari 44,36% menjadi 78,62%, indikator 2 kerjasama dengan teman sekelompok dari 41,76% menjadi 71,64%, indikator 3 mengerjakan soal dan tugas dari 40,61% menjadi 72,79%, indikator 4 motivasi dalam mengikuti pelajaran dari 43,55% menjadi 70,24%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model RME dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keaktifan  peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika materi penyajian data di kelas VII F SMP Negeri 8 Salatiga.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Scramble dengan Pendekatan Saintifik terhadap Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis dan Sikap Kerjasama
Authors: Nailil Muna Linda , Fironika Kusumadewi Rida , Ulia Nuhyal
Published: June 2022

Rendahnya kemampuan koneksi matematis dan sikap kerjasama membuat proses belajar kurang maksimal. Penelitian berfokus pada penerapan model scramble terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematis dan sikap kerjasama pada materi bangun datar. Penelitian kuantitatif ini mengunakan metode Pre Experimental Design dengan bentuk One - Group Pretest – Posttest. Populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Kerangkulon 02 dengan jumlah 28 siswa dan menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji coba instrumen, uji data awal dan uji data akhir. Adapun uji coba instrumen meliputi tes dan angket, sedangkan uji data awal menggunakan uji normalitas data, dan yang terakhir uji data akhir menggunakan uji normalitas data, uji hipotesis I, dan uji hipotesis II. Untuk kemampuan pembuktian matematis, berdasarkan data diperoleh thitung = 9,368 dan diperoleh ttabel = t(α)(dk=n-1)=t(0,05)(29-1) = 2,051. Dari hasil tersebut maka diperoleh thitung >- ttabel, sehingga hipotesis Ho diterima, artinya rata – rata nilai kemampuan pembuktian matematis lebih dari 70. Kemampuan pembuktian matematis melalui model scramble dengan pendekatan saintifik dapat memenuhi ketuntasan KKM. Sedangkan untuk sikap kerjasama, berdasarkan data diperoleh thitung = 11,01 dan diperoleh ttabel = t(α)(dk=n-1)=t(0,05)(29-1) = 2,051. Dari hasil tersebut maka diperoleh thitung >- ttabel, sehingga hipotesis Ho diterima, artinya rata – rata nilai kemampuan pembuktian matematis lebih dari 70. Sikap kerjasama melalui model scramble dengan pendekatan saintifik dapat memenuhi ketuntasan KKM.
Weed composition and maize yield in a former tin-mining area: A case study in Malim Nawar, Malaysia
Authors: Tong Pei Sin , Lim Tuck Meng
Published: June 2022

Weed species composition has been assessed for major crops such as rice, rubber, and oil palm but not for cash crops in Malaysia. In this study, we determine the associations between maize yields and weed species, weed density, mean temperature, and mean rainfall. Annual field surveys of weeds were conducted in maize (Zea mays L.) in a former tin-mining land in Malim Nawar, Perak, Malaysia, during June of 2017, 2018, and 2020 to determine the effects of weeds on maize yields. The field surveys in 2017, 2018, and 2020 involved 120 quadrats (0.5 m × 0.5 m) with 40 replicates. Fifteen species were observed, representing 14 genera and 9 families and consisted of 9 broadleaves, 3 grasses, and 1 sedge. Phytosociological characteristics, namely, frequency, relative frequency, density, relative density, abundance, and relative abundance, were used to analyze weed species composition at the study site. The species with the highest mean density and relative abundance were Cyperus sp., followed by Amaranthus viridis, Eleusine indica, Hedyotis corymbosa, and Phyllanthus amarus. These five species accounted for 65% of the total relative abundance. Individual broadleaf, sedge, and grass weed types were compared between paired years using a two-proportion z-test. The variation in number of individuals in each group was significant between 2017 and 2018, 2018 and 2020, and 2017 and 2020. The relationship between maize yield and mean rainfall, mean temperature, and weed species was analyzed using a general linear model, none of which affected maize yields. The results of this study provide a foundation for practical weed management in maize fields in Malaysia, thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture and food security.
Surfactant as an anti-corrosive agent: a review
Authors: Pal Aniruddha , Sarkar Ratan , Karmakar Kripasindhu , Mondal Monohar Hossain , Saha Bidyut
Published: June 2022

Metal corrosion has always been a serious problem in industry. There has always been a need to increase the number of possible, cost-effective corrosion inhibitors. However, many commercially available corrosion inhibitors have both high efficiency and high toxicity, which has led environmental authorities to ban their use. As a result, there is growing interest in scientific research into the use of environmentally friendly compounds. Surfactants and biocompatible corrosion inhibitors are special types of chemicals suitable for long-term industrial use. Molecules with unique hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties can be used in a wide range of applications to solve solubilisation problems and improve extraction processes. The use of surfactant-based products to prevent corrosion on metallic surfaces is a new approach in the field of chemical science. This review article addresses the mechanism of corrosion on metal surfaces and discusses in detail the use of environmentally friendly, cost-effective and readily available surfactants as corrosion inhibitors. The properties and applications of different types of surfactants are also discussed.
Institutional Lending Practices in the Ur III Period (ca. 2110–2003 BCE): the še ur₅-ra-Loans from Ĝirsu-Lagaš
Authors: Notizia Palmiro
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the operation of the še ur₅-ra system of institutional loans of barley in late third millennium BCE Babylonia. In particular, it focuses on the še ur₅
-ra-loans stemming from the Ĝirsu-Lagaš province, one of the most important areas for cereal production of the entire Ur III kingdom. The article argues that the še ur₅-ra system, which was based on the availability of large quantities of barley in the provincial network of rural storage facilities, was designed and implemented to (1) reduce food losses, (2) provide state dependents with economic support in times of need, and (3) counteract and mitigate the impact of local crop failures on the institutional workforce at large.
Unverpackt-Läden als neues Genossenschaftsmodell
Authors: Voigt Ludger , von der Oelsnitz Dietrich
Published: June 2022

Unverpackt-Läden bieten durch den Verzicht auf Einwegverpackungen eine nachhaltige Konsumalternative. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert, inwieweit Unverpackt-Läden sich als ein neues Geschäftsfeld für Genossenschaften eignen und welchen Beitrag sie zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung leisten können. Die Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie von zwölf Interviews mit Gründer*innen zeigen, dass sich ausgehend von persönlichen Werten und ehrenamtlichem Engagement ein Leitbild in den Unverpackt-Läden entwickelt hat, das unmittelbar auf genossenschaftlichen Prinzipien und Werten basiert. Als Orte des nachhaltigen Konsums sowie auch durch Bildungsangebote fördern genossenschaftlich gegründete Unverpackt-Läden aktiv die Erreichung bestimmter Sustainable Development Goals.
„Ezen bajoknak megszüntetésére törvény kell, (…)”
Authors: Balázs Horváth
Published: June 2022

The Antecedents of the First Hungarian Statistical Act and Its Significance in Consolidating Official Statistics in Hungary.

The paper presents the preparations and “history of making” of the first Hungarian Statistical Act enacted in 1874, beginning with the presentation of the period before the law was enacted through the analysis of its first drafts till the passing of its final version by the Hungarian Parliament. The author describes the multiple motivations for the need of a statistical law, the reasons that played major roles in the creation of the 1874 Act. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the impact, the results and also the failures of the law on state and administrative level, and also reflects on the opinions of contemporary statisticians and that of literature. The author emphasizes the role of Károly Keleti, the first director of the statistical office, in achieving the successful implementation of the Statistical Act. The research illustrates the close connection between the making of Act No. XXV of 1874 and the institutionalisation of official Hungarian statistics. Based on the examination of the first statistical law, the author also repeatedly reflects on the conditions and acceptance of statistics in 19th century-Hungary.
How Inquiry Learning Model Affects Students’ Learning Results and Critical Thinking Skills in Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: SP Efvinggo Fasya Jaya , Sholeh Maimun , Hermanto Febrika Yogie
Published: June 2022

The study aimed to determine 1) how the effect of the inquiry learning model on critical thinking skills, 2) how the effect of the inquiry learning model on learning results and critical thinking skills, and 3) how the inquiry learning model affects learning results and critical thinking skills with attention to the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was a quantitative study with a survey approach. The data collection technique was carried out by observation and questionnaires with the 71 students of XII Grade in Yogyakarta 4 Senior High School. The results of the data analysis indicated that 1) the inquiry learning model had a significant effect on learning results with a level of effect of 73.0%, 2) the inquiry learning model had a significant effect on the critical thinking skills of 69.1%, 3) the inquiry learning model had a significant effect on learning results and critical thinking skills with p-value of 0.000 than 0.05. These results indicated that the inquiry learning model in the Covid-19 Pandemic era could improve the students’ learning results and critical thinking skills.