bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rectifiable Conductive Thermal Diodes Enabling Thermal Circuits with Selectable Operations for Thermal Logic Applications
Authors: Li Tian , Zhao Feinan , Jiang Weitao , Li Guojun , Yin Lei , Chen Bangdao , Shi Yongsheng , Liu Hongzhong
Published: December 2024

Thermal logic paves the way to replace electric logic in scenarios where electronic signals are susceptible to interference or traditional electronics cannot be used, however, is still considered a theoretical and numerical stage. Emerging thermal metalmaterials (TMMs) have the potential to enhance thermal information processes. Compared to TMMs with single‐and‐fixed heat transfer capabilities, rectifiable‐TMMs enable thermal circuits to perform selectable operations, but they are also limited by low operating temperatures and narrow temperature biases. Here, macro‐ and experimental thermal diodes with tree‐like eutectic gallium‐indium/printed polylactic‐acid (EGaIn/PPLA) interface, are demonstrated to be capable of extending asymmetric heat transfer difference to 5.81 times in ambient operation, compared with basic EGaIn/PPLA interface with an input temperature bias of 63.7 °C. Given this, basic thermal gates can be constructed through the incorporation of resistors and a pair of diodes working in the same or opposite directions, with the propagation delay time td within 18 min. Compound logic gates can be cascaded by basic gates in the same way as composed Boolean functions, with td within 4 min. Such thermal circuits prove to perform reliably under dynamic ambient conditions, advancing the engineering of devices designed to manipulate thermal energy and process abundant thermal information.
Directional Transport of Photogenerated Electrons to Reduction Sites in Covalent Organic Frameworks by Microenvironment Modulation for CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Bai Junxian , Zhang Mengke , Si Fangyuan , Li Yan , Liang Guijie , Hou Tingting , Li Yingwei
Published: December 2024

As the transfer of photogenerated electrons to CO2 directly determines its reduction performance, it is important to boost the local photogenerated electron density at the reaction site. Herein, a new strategy is demonstrated to evaluate the local photogenerated electron density at the reaction site by modulating the microenvironment of the reaction site at a molecular level based on 3 rationally designed relatively electron‐deficient (ED) and electron‐rich (ER) type COFs. Expectedly, En‐COF‐TAPB‐TDOEB exhibits high photogenerated electron density at the reduction site due to the presence of an additional electric field, whose polarization direction is consistent with that of the basic unit of COFs. As comparison, photogenerated electrons in Am‐COF‐TAPB‐TFB and Pr‐COF‐TFPB‐TAB mostly distribute in benzene and triphenylene, respectively, due to the delay in exciton dissociation and the presence of an electric field with an inverse direction compared with that of the basic unit of the COFs. Consequently, En‐COF‐TAPB‐TDOEB shows superior CO2 photoreduction efficiency to Am‐COF‐TAPB‐TFB and Pr‐COF‐TFPB‐TAB. Further mechanism investigation demonstrates the influence of the polar microenvironment on the excited state and charge separation pathways of the π‐system in En‐COF‐TAPB‐TDOEB, which convincingly confirms that the ability of directional transport of photogenerated electrons to reduction sites in photocatalysts is directly correlated to their activity in CO2 reduction.
Pyrenetetrasulfonic Acid Tetrasodium Salt‐Modified CoFe Layered Double Hydroxide Enables Stable Alkaline Seawater Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Xixi , Li Zixiao , Cai Zhengwei , Yang Chaoxin , Sun Shengjun , Yue Meng , Zhang Min , Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Hefeng , Li Tong , Zheng Dongdong , Sun Xuping , Tang Bo
Published: December 2024

Seawater electrolysis is deemed a green and promising technology for producing hydrogen in coastal areas. Nevertheless, ample chloride ions (Cl–) in seawater can corrode anode, especially at ampere‐level current densities (j), which represents a significant impediment to the seawater‐to‐H2 system. In this study, we present a CoFe layered double hydroxide nanoneedle array modified with 1,3,6,8‐pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (PTS) on Ni foam (CoFe LDH@CoFe‐PTS/NF) as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for seawater oxidation. It reveals that PTS with a large negative charge density can effectively repel Cl– and keep active sites working stably during alkaline seawater oxidation. Thus, CoFe LDH@CoFe‐PTS/NF demonstrates excellent OER performance and can achieve j of 500 and 1000 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials (η)  of 333 and 364 mV. Moreover, it maintains a stable and continuous electrolysis for 500 h with minimal amounts of active chlorine generation.
Ultra‐Bright Stimuli‐Responsive Photonic Crystals for High‐Performance Anticounterfeiting Coatings
Authors: Tian Ziqiang , Zhu Jinyao , Guo Qilin , Chen Lulu , Guo Jia , Wang Changchun
Published: December 2024

Photonic crystals (PCs) with unique light manipulation capability have attracted widespread attentions. However, weak photonic bandgaps, poor structural color saturation, and tedious preparation process restrict their further development and practical application. Herein, an ultra‐bright stimuli‐responsive PC film with excellent optical performance is prepared by assembly of cadmium sulfide@polyacrylic acid (CdS@PAA) core–shell nanoparticles into PCs through molecule‐mediated shearing‐induced assembly technique (MSAT), this fabrication process is fast and facile, the solid periodic micro/nano‐structures can be formed within 10 s, and a wide selection range of structural color can be obtained. The high refractive index of CdS guarantees high brightness of the PC films. The prerequisite of using MSAT for preparation of large‐sized ultra‐bright PC film is that the CdS@PAA nanoparticles possess appropriate thickness of PAA shell. Compared with conventional PCs, the ultra‐bright PC films present strong photonic bandgaps and high structural color saturation, the relative reflectance is up to 130% compared with a standard aluminum mirror, which is more than four times reflectivity of PS@PAA microspheres. In addition, the PC paint is prepared by mashing the ultra‐bright PC film and blending it with transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix, the PC coating prepared by alkali treated ultra‐bright PC pigments can achieve good water response ability and anticounterfeiting effect.
Chemo‐ and Enantioselective Intermolecular Allylation of Quinolin‐2‐ones
Authors: Li Zihao , Wang Yumeng , Zhou Yuqiao , Xiong Zongli , Wang Jian , Yao Weijun , Wang Zhen
Published: December 2024

An enantioselective C‐, O‐ and N‐ intermolecular allylic reaction of quinolin‐2(1H)‐ones has been developed. The reaction between 3‐hydroxy quinolone and Boc‐protected MBH adducts with Pd‐catalysis provided a series of 1,4‐dihydroquinoline‐2,3‐diones in 20–95% yield accompanied by 69–96% enantioselectivity. In addition, the O‐allylic alkylation could occur by varying the organo‐catalyst and Boc‐protected MBH adducts from benzaldehyde. Furthermore, the N‐allylation of 3‐O‐protected quinolin‐2‐ones with allylic acetates was also realized (40–92% yield, 78–97% ee).
CuBP Microparticle Clusters (MPCs) as a Stable and Efficient Electrocatalyst for High‐Current‐Density Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Lin Shusen , Mandavkar Rutuja , Habib Md Ahasan , Joni Mehedi Hasan , Dristy Sumiya Akter , Burse Shalmali , Lee Jihoon
Published: December 2024

Developing stable and cost‐effective electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting is essential for advancing sustainable hydrogen production. In this work, CuBP microparticle clusters (MPCs) electrocatalyst is demonstrated on a Ni foam substrate, fabricated by using a one‐pot hydrothermal approach followed by post‐annealing treatment. The optimized CuBP electrode exhibits impressive activities for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), showing overpotentials of 49 and 220 mV at 50 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, which are comparable to benchmark Pt/C and RuO2 electrodes. The bifunctional CuBP achieves a cell voltage of 1.52 V at 50 mA cm−2, outperforming the Pt/C||RuO2 systems and also demonstrating excellent stability over 120‐h operations. At 2000 mA cm−2, a voltage of 3.12 V is required in CuBP||CuBP configuration whereas the hybrid Pt/C||RuO2 design exhibits a significantly lower cell voltage of 2.25 V at 2000 mA cm−2. The superior catalytic behavior of the CuBP electrode can be attributed to the high active surface area due to the micro‐particle topology, the optimal balance of Cu, B, and P, and the enhanced conductivity achieved through vacuum annealing. Overall, the CuBP electrode is highly efficient and has significant potential to replace traditional RuO₂ electrodes.
Positive sweet corn response with selected climate‐smart agricultural practices
Authors: Thapa Binita , Awal Ripendra , Fares Ali , Veettil Anoop , Elhassan Almoutaz , Rahman Atikur , Melaku Nigus , Woldesenbet Selamawit
Published: December 2024

To sustain agriculture for future generations and reduce the adverse impacts on soil health and the environment, there is a need to adopt sustainable and climate‐smart agricultural practices. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic amendments (chicken and dairy manures and biochar) on the soil physicochemical properties, sweet corn (Zea mays) growth, and yield parameters at Prairie View A&M University, Texas. Two rates of biochar (2.5 and 5 t ha−1) and two types of manure (chicken and dairy) applied at three rates (0, 224, and 448 kg total N ha−1) were used in a factorial design with three replications. Plant height, period for each vegetative growth stage, leaf soil plant analysis development, time to reach 50% tasseling and 50% silking stage, cob length, cob diameter, sugar content, and biomass were measured. The results showed that plant biomass was significantly affected by biochar rate, while plant height, cob length, and cob diameter were significantly affected by manure rates. Sweet corn reached tasseling and silking stages earlier in chicken manure‐treated plots than the dairy manure plots. However, the sugar content was significantly affected by both biochar and manure rates. Furthermore, results revealed a strong positive correlation between plant height and cob length, diameter, and biomass; however, there was a negative correlation with tasseling and silking days. Soil phosphorus, total nitrogen, and potassium had a relatively positive correlation with plant growth parameters. Findings showed that different types and rates of amendments significantly influenced sweet corn growth parameters and soil nutrient status, highlighting the importance of adopting climate‐smart agricultural practices for improved crop yield and soil health.
Cascade Reaction Enables Heterointerfaces‐Enriched Nanoarrays for Ampere‐Level Hydrogen Production
Authors: Du Hongfang , He Song , Li Boxin , Wang Ke , Zhou Zhenkai , Li Junhui , Wang Tingfeng , Du Zhuzhu , Ai Wei , Huang Wei
Published: December 2024

Designing high‐performance electrocatalysts with superior catalytic activity and stability is essential for large‐scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis. Heterostructure nanoarrays are promising candidates, though achieving both high activity and stability simultaneously, especially under high current densities, remains challenging. To this end, we have developed a cascade reaction process that constructs a series of heterostructure nanoarrays with rich heterointerfaces. This process involves treating nickel foam (NF) with molten KSCN and transition metal salts. Initially, NF reacts with KSCN to form Ni9S8 nanoarrays and S2− ions, which are subsequently captured by transition metal ions to form sulfides that are directly integrated onto the nanoarrays, resulting in abundant heterointerfaces. Both experimental and theoretical results indicate that these rich heterointerfaces significantly enhance the interfacial interaction between Ni9S8 and RuS2 within the nanoarrays (termed RH‐Ni9S8/RuS2), markedly improving both the intrinsic activity and stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Impressively, the RH‐Ni9S8/RuS2 demonstrates exceptional HER performance, achieving a low overpotential of just 180 mV at 1000 mA cm−2 and maintaining stability for up to 500 h under such high‐current‐density conditions. This innovative approach paves the way for the interfacial design and synthesis of high‐performance catalysts for ampere‐level hydrogen production.
BIMReason: Validating BIM model correctness
Authors: Zech Philipp , Burger Peter , Hammes Sascha , Geisler‐Moroder David , Breu Ruth
Published: December 2024

Compliance inspections and building analysis are critical to the success of any construction project. At present, such assessments are primarily conducted manually by experts in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector resulting in a tedious, labor‐intensive, and generally inefficient undertaking. Yet, with the gradual adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM), automated building analysis and compliance checking become feasible. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) has received a lot of traction in the AEC industry as a vendor‐neutral data model. Its well‐defined semantics can be exploited by reasoning engines that allow for semantic reasoning on building models, the core mechanism required for automated compliance checking and building analysis. In this paper, a general‐purpose model checking framework for IFC building models, as well as an appropriate specification layout are introduced. Model checking via semantic reasoning is realized using various technologies from the Semantic Web. To present and evaluate our implementation, a sample specification is developed and tested on two IFC building models.
Supporting the mainstreamed implementation of life cycle assessment
Authors: Lauschke Muriel , Ebertshäuser Sebastian , Horn Rafael
Published: December 2024

With the expansion of the previously energy efficiency‐focused funding programs to include a simplified life cycle assessment (LCA) for new buildings, Germany‘s authorities aim to get closer to the ambitious climate goals. In this way, authorities aim to achieve a broadly accepted and suitable implementation of LCA in the planning process through the established group of energy auditors. Still the energy auditors’ workflows were not adequately represented during the development of the simplified LCA procedures. Resulting challenges that arise for this group from their new LCA task are in the focus of this work. The main challenge is how to reduce the effort to gather LCA input data. In addition, methodological improvements based on already for energy assessment gathered detailed information, such as that on technical services, are compared against flat‐rate aggregates as applied within the current LCA approach. Finally, the influence of the identified LCA‐input data on the LCA‐results will be summarized.
Boswellia serrata Powder Regimen Provides Significant Protection Against Renal Damage and Blood Imbalances in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Kherouf Amel , Kherouf Marwa , Aouacheri Ouassila , Doghmane Amina , Saka Saad , Adem Şevki
Published: December 2024

Diabetic kidney disease affects approximately one‐third of diabetes patients. Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress contribute to this condition. Boswellia serrata gum resin is known for its antioxidant properties and potential in managing diabetic complications, though its nephroprotective effects are not well documented. This research aimed to determine the phytochemical constituents of B. serrata using LC–MS analysis and explore its benefits in enhancing hematological markers and improving STZ‐induced renal dysfunction in rats. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). A total of 40 male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: normal control, control with B. serrata (2% w/w), and two diabetic groups. One diabetic group served as a positive control, whereas the other received B. serrata powder (2% w/w). Results showed that the powder reduced blood sugar, decreased renal markers, increased albumin, total protein, and restored hematological parameters. It also enhanced β‐cell function and prevented kidney structural abnormalities. Additionally, B. serrata reduced oxidative stress by lowering malondialdehyde and increasing glutathione, glutathione‐S‐transferase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in renal tissues. LC–MS identified 37 phenolic compounds, with apigetrin being the most abundant. These findings suggest that B. serrata holds promise for managing diabetes‐related kidney injury.
The role of red rice in craft beer: A sensory and nutritional evaluation
Authors: Santana Julius Cesar O. , Pereira de Gusmão Rennan , Tejo Cavalcanti Monica , de Luna Freire Kristerson Reinaldo , Moreira de Carvalho Leila , Sousa Galvão Mercia , Madruga Marta Suely , Abrantes da Silva Souza Thaisa , Lisboa Hugo M. , Nascimento Amanda P. S.
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives

Red rice is widely cultivated in the semi‐arid regions of Northeastern Brazil and is notable for its rich phenolic content and nutritional value. The use of red rice as a nonconventional adjunct in brewing can enhance the sensory and nutritional qualities of craft beers, offering a unique product profile that appeals to the growing demand for differentiated and artisanal beverages. This study aimed to evaluate the sensory and nutritional impact of incorporating red rice from two distinct regions, Bahia and Paraíba, into the brewing process.

Findings

The study analyzed the effects of red rice from Bahia and Paraíba on the antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, and volatile composition of the resulting beers. Beers produced with Paraíba red rice exhibited a higher phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, while the Bahia variety contributed to a more complex aromatic profile. Sensory evaluations showed that the Bahia rice beer received higher ratings for aroma and overall acceptance, whereas the Paraíba rice beer stood out in antioxidant properties.

Conclusions

The inclusion of red rice as a brewing adjunct in craft beer formulations enhances both antioxidant capacity and sensory complexity, contributing positively to consumer acceptance. Utilizing regionally sourced red rice varieties adds distinct sensory attributes to the beers, increasing their appeal within the specialty beverage market.

Significance and Novelty

This research demonstrates the potential of red rice as an innovative and sustainable adjunct for the craft beer industry, offering a nutritionally enriched and sensory‐diverse product. The findings underscore the value of integrating locally grown ingredients to create high‐quality, artisanal beverages that support regional agriculture and promote sensory diversity in the beverage industry.
Secukinumab (Anti‐IL‐17A Therapeutic Antibody) Improves Clinical Outcome for a Mixed Endotype CRS
Authors: Plaas Mihkel , Brazovskaja Agnieska , Kisand Kai , Tserel Liina , Peterson Pärt
Published: December 2024

We identified two CRSwNP patients who had previously failed treatment with an anti‐IL‐4/IL‐13 antibody (dupilumab). Based on their clinical characteristics and blood cytokine levels, we considered them mixed Type II/Type III cases and treated them with an anti‐IL‐17 antibody (secukinumab). Anti‐IL‐17 antibody secukinumab was superior in reducing their NPS and SNOT‐22 values compared to dupilumab. IL‐17 could be a promising target for non‐type II and mixed endotype CRS treatment.
Anaerobic Catalyst Design for Alcohol Oxidation: Fine‐Tuning Copper/TEMPO with Bipyridine Proportions
Authors: Rodrigues Matheus G. B. , de Melo André L. Pesquero , Coutinho‐Neto Maurício D. , Angelucci Camilo A.
Published: December 2024

In this study, we investigate the indirect electro‐oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BA) using the copper/TEMPO catalytic system, which combines copper complexes with 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) in an anaerobic medium. We reexamine the impact of bpy ligand proportions, exploring ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1 on catalytic activity. Cyclic voltammetry and visible spectroscopy reveal distinct electrochemical characteristics and complex formations at different bpy ratios. Simulations uncover intricate energy equilibria involving ion coordination, varying with oxidation state, and bpy proportion. Theoretical and experimental spectra align, supporting the proposed structures. The Brønsted base, triethylamine (TEA), essential in this anaerobic system, shows different voltammetric profiles with each ligand ratio, revealing key interactions with bpy complexes. In the presence of BA, the 1:1 and 2:1 ratios exhibit indirect catalytic activity, with the 2:1 ratio yielding significantly higher current densities. This establishes a new optimal condition where formed in a 2:1 stoichiometry demonstrates superior activity with a lower redox potential, while maintaining labile coordination points for necessary interactions. Theoretical results also indicate weaker TEMPO coordination to .
Analysis of Cochrane systematic reviews: A comprehensive study of impact and influence from 1998 to 2024
Authors: Sharifan Amin
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews has significantly impacted clinical practices across diverse disciplines and is widely integrated into international guidelines. To date, there are no bibliometric analyses of Cochrane's publications.

Methods

The search encompassed the Scopus database from inception to May 2024, with results limited to studies published by the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The analysis examined annual trends and publication volumes, citation patterns, contributing countries, authors, institutions, funding sources, and common keywords. Scopus' built‐in analytical tools, the bibliometrix package in RStudio, and VOSviewer software facilitated the analysis of the results.

Results

A total of 12,150 systematic reviews were eligible. There was a fluctuating pattern in publication and citation trends within Cochrane reviews, with a decline in both metrics since 2016. Contributions mainly came from high‐income countries, their institutions, and authors residing there, with significant government funding supporting publications in these regions. The United Kingdom (27%), Australia (10%), and the United States (9%) had the greatest contributions among other countries, respectively. Furthermore, the demographic emphasis in Cochrane reviews was concerned with female and male participants as well as children and adult populations, hinting at the potential underrepresentation of minor gender identities and older adults in the synthesis of evidence.

Conclusion

Cochrane should actively involve researchers and experts from low‐ and middle‐income countries in evidence synthesis, ensure underrepresented and low‐resource regions are included in its emerging Evidence Synthesis Units and Thematic Groups, and prioritize the inclusion of geriatric populations and sexual and gender minorities in its evidence to enhance inclusivity and global representation.
Current Approaches and Strategies Applied in First‐in‐class Drug Discovery
Authors: Mohammed Idrees , Sagurthi Someswar Rao
Published: December 2024

First‐in‐class drug discovery (FICDD) offers novel therapies, new biological targets and mechanisms of action (MOAs) toward targeting various diseases and provides opportunities to understand unexplored biology and to target unmet diseases. Current screening approaches followed in FICDD for discovery of hit and lead molecules can be broadly categorized and discussed under phenotypic drug discovery (PDD) and target‐based drug discovery (TBDD). Each category has been further classified and described with suitable examples from the literature outlining the current trends in screening approaches applied in small molecule drug discovery (SMDD). Similarly, recent applications of functional genomics, structural biology, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and other such advanced approaches in FICDD have also been highlighted in the article. Further, some of the current medicinal chemistry strategies applied during discovery of hits and optimization studies such as hit‐to‐lead (HTL) and lead optimization (LO) have been simultaneously overviewed in this article.
A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetic Drug‐Drug Interaction Between Islatravir and Methadone in Participants on Stable Methadone Therapy
Authors: Matthews Randolph P. , Ankrom Wendy , Handy Whitney , Patel Munjal , Matthews Catherine , Xu Zhiqing , Gravesande Kezia , Searle Shawn , Schwartz Howard , Stoch S. Aubrey , Iwamoto Marian
Published: December 2024

Islatravir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor in development for the treatment of HIV‐1. People living with HIV‐1 receiving methadone maintenance therapy may benefit from islatravir. This study was designed to evaluate single‐dose islatravir on steady‐state methadone pharmacokinetics. A nonrandomized, open‐label study (NCT04568603) was conducted and included adult participants receiving methadone therapy. Participants received their standard methadone therapy and a single oral dose of islatravir 60 mg concomitantly. Blood samples were collected to determine methadone and islatravir pharmacokinetics. Fourteen participants aged 26‐63 years were enrolled; 13 completed the study. The geometric mean ratios for methadone area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 24 hours (AUC0‐24), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), and concentration at 24 hours (C24) were 1.03, 1.01, and 1.07, respectively. Similar effects were seen for the R‐ and S‐enantiomer of methadone (R‐methadone: AUC0‐24, 1.03; Cmax, 1.02; and C24, 1.06; S‐methadone: AUC0‐24, 1.03; Cmax, 1.01; and C24, 1.08). For islatravir, based on a comparison with historical data, the geometric mean ratios for AUC0‐inf and Cmax were 1.18 and 0.86, respectively. Coadministration of a single dose of islatravir and methadone was generally well tolerated. Single‐dose islatravir did not affect steady‐state methadone pharmacokinetics in a clinically meaningful way.
Isolation and Molecular Profiling of Nuclei of Specific Neuronal Types from Human Cerebral Cortex and Striatum
Authors: Pressl Christina , Baffuto Matthew , Darnell Paul , Wang Cuidong , Carroll Thomas S. , Heintz Nathaniel , Mätlik Kert
Published: December 2024

Most pathological conditions of the central nervous system do not affect all cell types to the same extent. Delineation of molecular events underlying disease symptoms, including genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptional changes, thus relies on the ability to characterize a specific cell type separately from others. We have developed a methodology for the collection of nuclear RNA and genomic DNA of specific cell types from frozen post‐mortem striatum and cerebral cortex. This allows deep transcriptomic profiling of specific cell populations and characterization of their genomes and epigenetic properties. The method is based on the purification of cell nuclei, followed by fluorescence‐activated sorting of nuclei (FANS) labeled with nucleic acid probes or antibodies binding to targets present in specific cell types. The protocol describes in detail the procedure for isolating and labeling neuronal and glial nuclei from human brain tissue, the steps that can be taken to extract RNA and genomic DNA, a way to combine the procedure with ATAC‐seq to yield information about chromatin accessibility, as well as computational measures for assessing the quality of cell type‐specific RNA‐seq and ATAC‐seq datasets. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol 1: Tissue homogenization, isolation of cell nuclei by ultracentrifugation and formaldehyde‐fixation

Basic Protocol 2: Antibody‐based labeling and isolation of nuclei of specific neocortical neuron types

Support Protocol 1: Generation of ATAC‐seq libraries from the nuclei of specific neuron types of the cerebral cortex

Basic Protocol 3: Nucleic acid hybridization‐based labeling and isolation of nuclei of specific striatal projection neuron types

Alternate Protocol 1: Labeling and isolation of nuclei of specific striatal interneuron types

Support Protocol 2: Generation of ATAC‐seq libraries from the nuclei of specific striatal neuron types

Basic Protocol 4: Extraction of genomic DNA and nuclear RNA and preparation of sequencing libraries

Basic Protocol 5: Processing and quality control of FANS‐seq and ATAC‐seq data
The impacts of artificial intelligence literacy, green absorptive capacity, and green information system on green innovation
Authors: Cheng Jie , Xu Nai Ru , Khan Noor Ullah , Singh Harcharanjit Singh Mahinder
Published: December 2024

In the contemporary digital landscape, the focus of manufacturing companies on green innovation has garnered attention in the business and academic realms. Nonetheless, the existing research system for manufacturers lacks a systematic study on how artificial intelligence literacy may bolster green innovation efforts. This study endeavors to construct a theoretical framework for artificial intelligence literacy, green information system, green absorptive capacity, and green innovation with respect to the dynamic capability theory and conducting empirical analysis utilizing survey data obtained from 288 ISO14001 manufacturing firms in Malaysia. The findings revealed that artificial intelligence literacy is a significant determinator of green absorptive capacity, the positive outcome of green absorptive capacity is green innovation, and the positive link between artificial intelligence literacy and green absorptive capacity is moderated by green information system. However, artificial intelligence literacy didn't exhibit a direct relationship with green innovation, even when considering green absorptive capacity as a mediator. These results not only offer compelling insights into the link between artificial intelligence literacy and green innovation, but also hold significant implications for academic research and policymaking concerning sustainable development and cleaner manufacturing production.
Upcycling Graphite from Spent Li‐Ion Battery with SiOx via Mechano‐Chemical Process as Next‐Generation Anode for Li‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Akshay Manohar , Ulaganathan Mani , Lee Yun‐Sung , Aravindan Vanchiappan
Published: December 2024

Hybrid supercapacitors such as Lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs) are one of the most modern energy storage devices of great research interest. The hybridization of the battery‐type anode with the capacitive‐type cathode brings out the synergic effect of enhanced energy density, power capability, long cycle life, and wide operating temperature. Herein, we introduce a simultaneous alloying‐intercalation process from the recovered graphite: silicon monoxide (RG: SiOx) composite as a negative electrode for the LIC applications with the activated carbon (AC) as a counter electrode. The RG from spent lithium‐ion batteries is mixed with commercially available SiOx by scalable mechano‐chemical process, i. e., planetary ball‐milling, to obtain a high‐performance composite with various ratios. The LIC is assembled with an electrochemically prelithiated anode (LixSi + LiC6 + Li2O) and paired with AC under balanced mass loading conditions. The LIC delivered a maximum energy density of 218 Wh kg−1 and power density of 8.45 kW kg−1 with an ultra‐long cycling life of over 20,000 cycles. Remarkably, the energy densities such as 208.7 and 201.4 Wh kg−1 are observed at various temperature conditions like 10 and 40 °C, respectively, with excellent capacity retention characteristics.
Multifunctional Heterogeneous Cobalt Catalyst for the One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazoles by Reductive Coupling of Dinitroarenes with Aldehydes in Water
Authors: del Río‐Rodríguez José Luis , Gutiérrez‐Tarriño Silvia , Chinchilla Lidia E. , Holgado Juan Pedro , Villar‐García Ignacio J. , Pérez‐Dieste Virginia , Calvino Jose J. , Oña‐Burgos Pascual
Published: December 2024

The endeavor of sustainable chemistry has led to significant advancements in green methodologies aimed at minimizing environmental impact while maximizing efficiency. Herein, a straightforward synthesis of benzimidazoles by reductive coupling of o‐dinitroarenes with aldehydes is reported for the first time in aqueous media while using a non‐noble metal catalyst. This work demonstrates that the combination of nitrogen and phosphorous ligands in the synthesis of supported heteroatom‐incorporated Co nanoparticles is crucial for obtaining the desired benzimidazoles. The process achieves >99 % conversion, >99 % chemoselectivity and stability for the reduction of dinitroarenes using water as the solvent and hydrogen as the reductant under mild reaction conditions. The robustness of the catalyst has been investigated using several advanced techniques such as HRTEM, HAADF‐STEM, XEDS, EELS, and NAP‐XPS. In fact, we have shown that the introduction of N and P dopants prevents metal leaching and the sintering of the cobalt nanoparticles. Finally, to explore the general catalytic performance, a wide range of substituted dinitroarenes and benzaldehydes were evaluated, yielding benzimidazoles with competitive and scalable results, including MBIB (94 % yield), which is a compound of pharmaceutical interest.
IGBT Junction Temperature Estimation Based on External Parameters of Multiple Drive Devices in Practical Industrial Scenario
Authors: Su Chenglang , Jiang Wei , Huang Zhicong
Published: December 2024

The insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is one of the most important power semiconductor devices in power electronics and is also prone to failure. High junction temperature and junction temperature fluctuation of IGBT are the main causes of IGBT module aging failure. The high‐precision monitoring of the junction temperature of the IGBT module is a prerequisite for IGBT life prediction, which is crucial for reducing maintenance costs and improving equipment reliability. Therefore, an IGBT junction temperature estimation method based on long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network and sliding window estimation model is proposed and applied in practical industrial scenarios. This method uses the operating data of the motor drive device in the actual industrial application scenario as the training and test data set and uses the external operating parameters of the IGBT module to estimate the junction temperature of the IGBT module. Compared with the internal operating parameters of the IGBT module based on switching transient, the external operating parameters are easier to collect and process, and more suitable for practical application scenes. A sliding window estimation model is proposed to estimate the junction temperature of the IGBT module. Compared with the point‐to‐point estimation method, the sliding window estimation method can capture the influence of historical operation data better and has a higher capability of time series data estimation. The IGBT junction temperature estimation of sliding windows is realized by the LSTM neural network, which is more suitable for time series estimation in real industrial scenarios. The experimental results show that the estimation accuracy of the sliding window estimation method is better than that of the point‐to‐point estimation method, and the accuracy of the sliding window estimation method based on LSTM is better than that of the sliding window estimation method based on other machine learning models. It proves that the proposed method can better capture the dynamic process of the system and has higher estimation accuracy.
Preoperative susceptibility to developing secondary hyperalgesia is associated with post‐thoracotomy pain at 2 months
Authors: Gousset Solenn , Cappe Maximilien , Lenoir Cedric , Steyaert Arnaud , Lavand'homme Patricia , Mouraux André , Lacroix Valérie , van den Broeke Emanuel N.
Published: December 2024

Background

Identifying the subset of patients at risk for developing persistent pain after surgery is clinically important as they could benefit from targeted prevention measures. In this prospective study, we investigated if the preoperative assessment of the individual susceptibility to developing experimentally induced secondary hyperalgesia is associated with post‐thoracotomy pain at 2 months.

Methods

Forty‐one patients scheduled to undergo a posterolateral thoracotomy were recruited before surgery and followed prospectively for 2 months. The day before surgery, we experimentally induced secondary hyperalgesia at one of the two forearms and measured the change of perception to mechanical pinprick stimuli and the area of hyperalgesia. On postoperative Day 4, Day 15 and at the 2‐month follow‐up, patients were asked about their pain intensity at rest and during coughing and the area of secondary hyperalgesia around the scar as well as the change in perception to mechanical pinprick stimuli was measured.

Results

Of the 41 patients that were recruited only 20 could be analysed. Forty per cent reported pain at the 2‐month follow‐up. All of them reported cough‐evoked pain and 10 per cent also reported pain at rest. A binary logistic regression model with both the magnitude and extent of experimentally induced secondary hyperalgesia was statistically significant (chi‐squared = 12.439, p = 0.002, McFadden R2 = 0.462) and showed excellent discriminative power (AUC = 0.938) for the presence or absence of cough‐evoked pain at the 2 month follow‐up.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that the individual susceptibility to developing experimentally induced secondary hyperalgesia preoperatively may identify patients who are potentially vulnerable to develop persistent post‐thoracotomy pain.

Significance

Our data suggests that preoperatively assessed experimentally induced secondary hyperalgesia displays excellent discriminative power for the presence or absence of cough‐evoked pain 2 months after thoracotomy.
Non‐Autoregressive Translation Algorithm Based on LLM Knowledge Distillation in English Corpus
Authors: Ju Fang , Wang Weihui
Published: December 2024

Although significant advancements have been made in the quality of machine translation by large‐scale language models, their high computational costs and resource consumption have hindered their widespread adoption in practical applications. So this research introduces an English corpus‐based machine translation algorithm that leverages knowledge distillation from large language model, with the goal of enhancing translation quality and reducing the computational demands of the model. Initially, we conducted a thorough analysis of the English corpus to identify prevalent language patterns and structures. Following this, we developed a knowledge distillation approach that transfers the translation expertise of a large teacher model to a smaller student model, thereby achieving increased translation accuracy and efficiency. We designed a dynamic temperature hyperparameter distillation strategy that effectively enhances the precision of translations. In the experimental phase, we utilized several standard English corpora to train and assess our algorithm. The findings indicate that, compared to current machine translation systems, our method significantly reduces the need for computational resources while preserving translation quality.
Ultrasonic Assisted Environmentally Friendly Extraction of Natural Dyes From Beta vulgaris for the Coloration of Silk Fabric Using Different Mordants
Authors: Mia Rony , Uddin Tafsir , Mofasser A. Z. M. , Ibn Sayed Nadim , Shamim Al Mojnun , Islam Sanjida , Ohi Khandaker Akil Mahadi , Khan Moonis Ali , Banna Burhan Uddin
Published: December 2024

Considering the indispensability of environmental protection, the utilization of natural ingredients as sustainable and eco‐friendly alternatives to synthetic dyes in fabric dyeing is of great significance. Betacyanins are naturally sourced pigments of red‐violet color that have the propensity to be fixed to mordanted substrates with reasonable permanency. In this study, the betacyanins sourced from beetroot (Beta vulgaris) were used to dye pre‐mordanted silk fabrics employing ultrasonication. In addition, a comparative analysis of the effects of five different mordants such as orange‐peel extracts, lemon peel extracts, tannic acid, ferrous sulfate, and alum on the color strength and fastness of beetroot‐dyed silk fabrics was presented in this research. For the characterization of the extracted dye, undyed, dyed, and mordanted silk fabric, infrared spectroscopy was performed. To observe the interaction of extracted dye and silk fabric, scanning electron microscopy was also accomplished. The outcomes of the characterization validated the successful extraction of dyes from beetroot and dyeing silk fabric with it. The values of color intensity (K/S), CIE L* a* b*, and CIE L* c* h* were measured using a reflectance spectrophotometer. At the same time, dry and wet rubbing and lightfastness ratings of dyed silk fabrics were determined according to the ISO standards. When 5% (o.w.f.) ferrous sulfate was used in pre‐mordanting, the ratings of colorfastness to wash, rub, and light ranged from 4 to 4/5, and the K/S value of the final sample was 4.88, which is higher than the K/S values of any other dyed samples. In contrast, the performance of 5% (o.w.f.) lemon peel extracts as a mordant was remarkably higher than orange peel extracts and even better than alum and tannic acid to some extent. The beetroot‐dyed silk fabric pre‐mordanted with 5% lemon peel exhibited a K/S value of 4.32, and the overall colorfastness rating ranged from 3/4 to 4/5. In conclusion, beetroot extracts hold the promise of being utilized as a sustainable replacement for environmentally harmful synthetic dyestuff in silk dyeing. Furthermore, in silk dyeing with beetroot extract, lemon peel extract is a potent alternative to ferrous sulfate as a mordant.
Intelligent Logistics Warehousing Strategy Based on 5G Network and Cloud Computing in the Era of Big Data
Authors: Wu Yue , Tang Wenting
Published: December 2024

Based on the resource base of “cloud computing,” a super big data storage center was built to exchange data between companies, units, departments and businesses, management, customers and personnel, so as to ensure the timely and accurate reception of all aspects of information. Using radio frequency identification technology, barcode technology, GPS/GIS (Global Positioning System/Geographic Information System) technology, mobile communication technology, and 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) network technology, a new business model was realized. At the same time, SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) structure was adopted to combine decentralized business and SOA architecture in the form of loose coupling, and dynamic binding was adopted to realize dynamic access of cloud logistics warehousing platform. Massive data were collected, analyzed, and preprocessed through big data technology and logistics facilities. Real‐time data transmission was realized through 5G network. At the same time, scene acquisition, modeling, analysis, control, feedback, and other technologies were applied to the logistics system to realize the intellectualization of logistics warehousing services. The receiving and sending business process of B2C (Business‐to‐Consumer) e‐commerce enterprises based on “cloud logistics warehousing” is to take the terminal shipper as the seller and the terminal consignee as the buyer. By integrating the information of all links in the logistics process into the “cloud” platform, various stakeholders can conduct information, capital, and other transactions on this platform, thus ensuring the quality of customer logistics services. The advantage of recognized logistics cloud warehouse is that its application value accounts for 43.1%. The scheme proposed in this paper can shorten the storage time of the warehouse, thus speeding up the operation of the warehouse; it can ensure the quality of each link, thus reducing the operating costs of the warehouse; it can increase the use space of the warehouse and save the manpower of the warehouse; it can improve the operation efficiency of the warehouse, thus improving the economic benefits.
Behavioral Alterations in Mice Exposed to Manganese via Drinking Water: Effects of Sex and a Lipopolysaccharide Challenge
Authors: Ludwig Helaina D. , Carpenter Jessica M. , Filipov Nikolay M.
Published: December 2024

Manganese (Mn) is an essential and important metal; however, overexposures lead to adverse neurological outcomes. Nonoccupational Mn overexposure occurs primarily through consumption of Mn‐contaminated drinking water (DW). Sex differences in terms of nervous and immune systems' responsiveness to excessive Mn in the DW are understudied. Thus, this study investigated behavioral and sex differences in response to Mn DW treatment (0.4 g Mn/L for up to 8 weeks) and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge of adult C57BL/6 mice with GFP‐tagged monocytes/microglia. After 6 weeks, in motor function tests, Mn exposure resulted in decreased activity and gait deficits. In two different mood tests (open field test [OFT]/elevated zero maze), Mn‐exposed mice exhibited decreased fear/anxiety‐like behavior. Two weeks after behavioral assessment, when mice were challenged with LPS, circulating inflammatory cytokines, and acute phase proteins increased in both sexes. After 8 weeks of Mn exposure, liver and brain Mn levels were increased, but Mn alone did not affect circulating cytokines in either sex. Notably, Mn‐exposed/LPS‐challenged males had potentiated plasma cytokine output, whereas the reverse was seen in females. Males, but not females, continued to exhibit increased fearlessness (i.e., increased OFT center time), even when challenged with LPS. Overall, our results show that Mn DW exposure increases brain Mn levels and it leads to behavioral alterations in both sexes. However, males might be more susceptible to the effect of Mn on mood, and this effect is recalcitrant to an inflammagen challenge. Mn augmented post‐LPS cytokine production only in males, further indicating that important Mn effects are sex‐biased.
MiR‐200a‐3p Attenuates Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing the Bromodomain‐Containing Protein 3‐Nuclear Factor‐κB Pathway
Authors: Deng Chao , Yuan Xuequan , Lin Xuezheng , Liu Sitong
Published: December 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in the pathological processes of neuropathic pain. Here, our aim was to elucidate the function of miR‐200a‐3p as well as its related regulatory mechanism in neuropathic pain. An animal model of neuropathic pain was established by chronic constriction injury (CCI) induction. The knockdown experiments are performed by injecting a lentiviral construct intrathecally. MiR‐200a‐3p and bromodomain‐containing protein 3 (BRD3) expression in rat spinal cord was determined using RT‐qPCR. The mechanical, thermal, and cold responses in animals were assessed at the indicated time after surgery. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in rat spinal cord were measured by ELISA. The changes in NF‐κB signaling‐related molecules in rat spinal cord were determined using western blot and immunofluorescence. MiR‐200a‐3p was underexpressed in CCI rats in a time‐dependent manner. Overexpression of miR‐200a‐3p decreased mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal sensitivity to attenuate neuropathic pain in rats. BRD3 was targeted by miR‐200a‐3p. Additionally, downregulation of BRD3 inhibited neuropathic pain progression. Moreover, overexpression of BRD3 rescued the effect of miR‐200a‐3p on NF‐κB signaling and neuropathic pain in CCI rats. MiR‐200a‐3p attenuates neuropathic pain via downregulating BRD3 to block NF‐κB signaling.