bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Project-Based Learning E-Modules Based on Research Results on the Nutritional Content of Sawi Asin (Fermented Mustard)
Authors: Febriyanti Nisa , Rahayu Hanum Mukti , Setiadi Anandita Eka
Published: February 2024

The project-based learning model focuses on directing students to be more active in learning. The learning model will be effective if combined with e-module media. Because e-modules provide facilities for students to learn independently. One of the materials in class XII Biology that is applied in e-modules is biotechnology related to local potential, namely Sawi Asin fermentation. The study aims to develop project-based learning e-modules based on research results on the nutritional content of Sawi Asin fermentation. The research method uses Research and Development which adapts the Alessi and Trolip development model. There are three stages carried out, namely, planning (planning), designing (design), and developing (development). The results of e-module validation by media experts showed an average score of 94.22% (very feasible), material experts 80.83% (feasible), and language experts 87.333% (very feasible). The results of the small group test with 12 students of class XII IPA showed an average value of 81.09% (very positive) and the large group test with 32 students of class XII was IPA 87.04% (very positive). It can be concluded that the project-based learning e-module based on the results of research on the nutritional content of Sawi Asin fermentation developed is very feasible to use and gets a very positive response from students.Keywords: E-module, Development, Project Based Learning
Assessing the Relationship Between Digital Trail Making Test Performance and IT Task Performance: Empirical Study
Authors: Depauw Tanguy , Boasen Jared , Léger Pierre-Majorique , Sénécal Sylvain
Published: February 2024

Background

Cognitive functional ability affects the accessibility of IT and is thus something that should be controlled for in user experience (UX) research. However, many cognitive function assessment batteries are long and complex, making them impractical for use in conventional experimental time frames. Therefore, there is a need for a short and reliable cognitive assessment that has discriminant validity for cognitive functions needed for general IT tasks. One potential candidate is the Trail Making Test (TMT).

Objective

This study investigated the usefulness of a digital TMT as a cognitive profiling tool in IT-related UX research by assessing its predictive validity on general IT task performance and exploring its discriminant validity according to discrete cognitive functions required to perform the IT task.

Methods

A digital TMT (parts A and B) named Axon was administered to 27 healthy participants, followed by administration of 5 IT tasks in the form of CAPTCHAs (Completely Automated Public Turing tests to Tell Computers and Humans Apart). The discrete cognitive functions required to perform each CAPTCHA were rated by trained evaluators. To further explain and cross-validate our results, the original TMT and 2 psychological assessments of visuomotor and short-term memory function were administered.

Results

Axon A and B were administrable in less than 5 minutes, and overall performance was significantly predictive of general IT task performance (F5,19=6.352; P=.001; Λ=0.374). This result was driven by performance on Axon B (F5,19=3.382; P=.02; Λ=0.529), particularly for IT tasks involving the combination of executive processing with visual object and pattern recognition. Furthermore, Axon was cross-validated with the original TMT (Pcorr=.001 and Pcorr=.017 for A and B, respectively) and visuomotor and short-term memory tasks.

Conclusions

The results demonstrate that variance in IT task performance among an age-homogenous neurotypical population can be related to intersubject variance in cognitive function as assessed by Axon. Although Axon’s predictive validity seemed stronger for tasks involving the combination of executive function with visual object and pattern recognition, these cognitive functions are arguably relevant to the majority of IT interfaces. Considering its short administration time and remote implementability, the Axon digital TMT demonstrates the potential to be a useful cognitive profiling tool for IT-based UX research.
Lessons From the Field From a Volunteer Telehealth Ambassador Program to Enhance Video Visits Among Low-Income Patients: Qualitative Improvement Study
Authors: Tuot Delphine S , Mukherjee Aarya , Churape Amanda , DeFries Triveni , Su George , Khoong Elaine C , Lyles Courtney
Published: February 2024

Background

The prevalence of telehealth video use across the United States is uneven, with low uptake in safety-net health care delivery systems, which care for patient populations who face barriers to using digital technologies.

Objective

This study aimed to increase video visit use in an urban safety-net delivery system. We piloted a telehealth ambassador program, in which volunteers offered technical support to patients with access to digital technologies to convert primary care visits already scheduled as telehealth audio-only visits to telehealth video visits.

Methods

We used a descriptive approach to assess the feasibility, efficacy, and acceptability of the pilot telehealth ambassador program. Feasibility was quantified by the percentage of eligible patients who answered calls from telehealth ambassadors. Program efficacy was measured in two ways: (1) the percentage of patients with access to digital technology who interacted with the navigators and were successfully prepared for a telehealth video visit, and (2) the percentage of prepared patients who completed their scheduled video visits. Program acceptability was ascertained by a structured telephone survey.

Results

Telehealth ambassadors attempted to contact 776 eligible patients; 43.6% (338/776) were reached by phone, among whom 44.4% (150/338) were provided digital support between March and May 2021. The mean call duration was 8.8 (range 0-35) minutes. Overall, 67.3% (101/150) of patients who received support successfully completed a telehealth video visit with their provider. Among the 188 patients who were contacted but declined video visit digital support, 61% (114/188) provided a reason for their decline; 42% (48/114) did not see added value beyond a telehealth audio-only visit, 20% (23/114) had insufficient internet access, and 27% (31/114) declined learning about a new technology. The acceptability of the telehealth ambassador program was generally favorable, although some patients preferred having in-real-time technology support on the day of their telehealth video visit.

Conclusions

This high-touch program reached approximately one-half of eligible patients and helped two-thirds of interested patients with basic video visit capability successfully complete a video visit. Increasing the program’s reach will require outreach solutions that do not rely solely on phone calls. Routinely highlighting the benefits of video visits, partnering with community-based organizations to overcome structural barriers to telehealth use, and offering in-real-time technology support will help increase the program’s efficacy.
Enhancing Health Care Accessibility and Equity Through a Geoprocessing Toolbox for Spatial Accessibility Analysis: Development and Case Study
Authors: Hashtarkhani Soheil , Schwartz David L , Shaban-Nejad Arash
Published: February 2024

Background

Access to health care services is a critical determinant of population health and well-being. Measuring spatial accessibility to health services is essential for understanding health care distribution and addressing potential inequities.

Objective

In this study, we developed a geoprocessing toolbox including Python script tools for the ArcGIS Pro environment to measure the spatial accessibility of health services using both classic and enhanced versions of the 2-step floating catchment area method.

Methods

Each of our tools incorporated both distance buffers and travel time catchments to calculate accessibility scores based on users’ choices. Additionally, we developed a separate tool to create travel time catchments that is compatible with both locally available network data sets and ArcGIS Online data sources. We conducted a case study focusing on the accessibility of hemodialysis services in the state of Tennessee using the 4 versions of the accessibility tools. Notably, the calculation of the target population considered age as a significant nonspatial factor influencing hemodialysis service accessibility. Weighted populations were calculated using end-stage renal disease incidence rates in different age groups.

Results

The implemented tools are made accessible through ArcGIS Online for free use by the research community. The case study revealed disparities in the accessibility of hemodialysis services, with urban areas demonstrating higher scores compared to rural and suburban regions.

Conclusions

These geoprocessing tools can serve as valuable decision-support resources for health care providers, organizations, and policy makers to improve equitable access to health care services. This comprehensive approach to measuring spatial accessibility can empower health care stakeholders to address health care distribution challenges effectively.
Management of Innovative Education for the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Universities in Delta State
Authors: A.G. Ossai,
Published: February 2024

The study examined how public universities in Delta State, Nigeria, managed innovative education to meet sustainable development goals. A descriptive survey design was chosen. The employees of Delta State’s five public universities made up the study’s population. Using stratified random selection procedures, a sample of 120 respondents from Federal Universities and 240 respondents from State Universities were chosen. Two research questions and two hypotheses were developed. The data was collected using an instrument called “Management of Innovative Education in Universities for Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals Questionnaire” (MEUASDGQ). Experts validated the instrument, and a Cronbach Alpha was used to calculate the reliability coefficient of 0.74. The Z-test statistics was employed to evaluate the hypotheses at0.05 alpha level of significance, while the mean and standard deviation were utilized to address the study issues. The results showed, among others, that innovative education in universities is essential to meeting Nigeria’s sustainable development goals and innovative education in universities can be managed by taking a more humanistic approach. The report suggested, among other things, that ICT centers be created in universities, faculty members receive frequent training via seminars and workshops, and that both digital and non-digital teaching techniques in learning should be adopted.
Design and Construction of Ideological and Political Micro-platform for Higher Mathematics Courses
Authors: Wang Xinglong
Published: February 2024

This article focuses on the design and construction of an ideological and political micro-platform for higher mathematics courses. It actively builds a micro-platform for ideological and political teaching in higher education courses through two aspects: platform design and construction and the design of ideological and political elements of advanced mathematics. The project team will improve the "Basic Mathematics Knowledge of Economics and Management" Library" WeChat public platform to explore the establishment of a learning platform with the construction of course network resources and interactive integration of mathematics courses as its main modules. The goal is to truly understand students' learning status through communication between students and teachers at different stages, establish a new method system for the organic integration of advanced mathematics courses and professional courses, and form a new situation of teacher-student and teacher-teacher interaction. To serve the construction of application oriented high-level universities.
PREP: herramienta tecnológica para fortalecer la democracia en el Estado de México
Authors: Lozano Sanabria Patricia , Mendoza González Omar
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo se propone explicar el funcionamiento del Programa de Resultados Electorales Preliminares (PREP) en el Estado de México durante la elección para la gubernatura en 2023. La hipótesis central es que los altos niveles de confiabilidad y precisión que ha alcanzado esta herramienta tecnológica se han convertido en un pilar fundamental para fortalecer la confianza ciudadana en los procesos electorales y disipar cuestionamientos que lesionen la legitimidad democrática. En ese sentido, se analiza la evolución normativa y operativa del PREP en México, así como su diseño institucional. Asimismo, se señala que el surgimiento del PREP responde a una necesidad histórica de mayor transparencia y confiabilidad en el proceso electoral, especialmente después de coyunturas políticas conflictivas y anhelos de democratización. Finalmente, se detalla el funcionamiento técnico y el diseño institucional de esta herramienta en el proceso electoral estudiado.
Salud en casa, un pilar en la promoción de una vivienda adecuada y resiliente
Authors: Jorge Rosas Moisés Eduardo
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar las principales problemáticas que experimenta la vivienda, desde la perspectiva de la salud y el bienestar, y ofrecer un panorama de uno de los procesos de transformación, económica y social más relevante de la historia y cuyas consecuencias colocaron a México y al resto de Latinoamérica en una posición menos favorable que el resto de potencias en los aspectos económicos, de salud, servicios básicos y vivienda, entre otros. El análisis muestra la necesidad de exhortar a los gobiernos y a sus habitantes a moldear o refundar ciudades resilientes. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ofrece algunas directrices que evalúan la calidad y otros factores de riesgos clave en la vivienda. También la importancia de asistir a las familias que deciden autoproducir su vivienda, la cual, en la mayoría de los casos, no cumple el esquema de una vivienda adecuada. Dicha asistencia permite la participación de distintos actores para crear soluciones a las carencias sociales, las ecotecnias se han convertido en parte de las buenas prácticas por adoptar.
México y la defensa de los derechos humanos
Authors: Briones Capetillo Manuela
Published: February 2024

La narrativa histórica de protección de los derechos humanos debería ser acorde con la del ser humano, derivado del concepto humanidad. Este ensayo intenta mostrar que no ha sido así, que el reconocimiento y respeto a dichas prerrogativas ha transitado por diversas etapas y grandes sucesos globales como guerras, derrotas y algunas conquistas; y que solo después de tales eventos en contra de la humanidad se plasmaron en acuerdos entre estados soberanos, denominados “tratados Internacionales”, concentrados en organismos internacionales supranacionales y creados con motivo de las dos grandes contiendas mundiales, en el siglo XX. El texto aborda primero las ideas de libertad e igualdad propuestas por los filósofos precursores en esta área. Después, expone la importancia de los convenios internacionales, su obligatoriedad y cumplimiento en nuestro sistema de derecho y que su aplicación efectiva es una tarea pendiente, debido a evidentes áreas de oportunidad señaladas en las sentencias emitidas por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en contra de nuestro Estado. A partir de la reforma constitucional de junio de 2011, el operador jurídico interesado en resolver cuestiones relacionadas con la posible violación a los derechos humanos debe buscar la protección más amplia en dos sistemas de derecho: el nacional y el convencional.
Estrategias de desarrollo regional para el noroeste de México 2013-2018
Authors: Valdez Sandoval Francisco Humberto , Valdez Sandoval Aniela Guadalupe , Chacara Montes Allán
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar la evolución del empleo agropecuario y su impacto territorial en el espacio geográfico de la región noroeste de México. El análisis se realizó en dos etapas: en la primera, se calculó el Índice de Especialización Económica con el propósito de determinar el peso de la actividad económica; y, en la segunda, se empleó el Índice de Morán y la técnica Shift-Share espacial para clasificar a los municipios de acuerdo a la tipología de resultados por el método diferencial-estructural, y proponer líneas de acción para los municipios de la región noroeste.
Beneficiario controlador y control efectivo frente al delito fiscal
Authors: Orozco González Ivonne Alejandra
Published: February 2024

El presente documento explica el origen del beneficiario controlador en la legislación fiscal mexicana, los alcances del control efectivo y las consecuencias del intercambio de esta información a nivel internacional frente al delito fiscal. El objetivo de este artículo es definir el beneficiario controlador en México, abordar su origen en el plano internacional y si su incorporación en nuestra legislación fiscal vigente es constitucional. La hipótesis es que dicha norma, por la cual se establece el registro público del beneficiario controlador y sus medios sancionatorios establecidos en el Código Fiscal de la Federación, es inconstitucional. La metodología aplicada es el método de estudio de casos cualitativos, ya que se pretende analizar a través del derecho comparado la introducción de la figura de beneficiario controlador identificando las normas que lo originan y sus consecuencias, para confirmar o rechazar la hipótesis sobre si dicha figura es constitucional o no, de acuerdo con el derecho mexicano e internacional.
Sizing of Degradation Based Battery Storage Systems for Operating Cost Minimization in Microgrids
Authors: Reddy Dr. V S Sandeep Kumar , Allam Mr Dhanmjaya Apparao , Subrahmanyam Mr T
Published: February 2024

Abstract: A microgrid is a low voltage distribution network designed to provide power for small scale and isolated communities consisting of distributed generation and Energy Storage Systems .One of the major issues in the isolated microgrids with intermittent nature of distributed generation is the balance of energy demand. This can be achieved by appending renewable energy sources with suitable Battery Energy Storage Systems, to provide the reserve support in meeting the load demand. Battery degradation effect plays a major role in analysing the performance of BESS Life Time. This depends on average kWh and average MWh throughput discharge from BESS. Therefore, microgrid system with BESS considering degradation effect should be optimized in such a way as to obtain minimum operating cost while ensuring minimum electricity cost to customers. This paper presents an optimization algorithm for microgrid operating cost and customer electricity cost minimization for 24hrs time horizon while considering BESS degradation effect by determining kWh and MWh throughput. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Accelerated particle swarm optimization (APSO), Jaya optimization (JAYA) technique and Linear programming interior point algorithm (LP-IP) have been applied to determine the optimal operating cost and electricity cost by simulating BESS degradation parameters
A Comprehensive Review of Biomass Gasification Reactor Technologies
Authors: Khan Aameer , Sahu Bhoj Ram , Singh Pooja
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The biomass is abundantly available which could be used to generate producer gas using biomass gasification reactor. The objective of current research is to review the existing work in the field of biomass synthesis and its use in biomass gasification reactor. The sophisticated and cutting-edge process of biomass gasification has the potential to replace traditional fossil fuels. Despite the vast amount of knowledge available to us, it is crucial to make advancements in biomass technology. This comprehensive study provides a thorough analysis of biomass gasification, including its underlying technologies and the key factors that determine the production of valuable byproducts such as syngas, biofuels, biochar, electricity, heat, and fertilizer. Possible uses for these products involve fuel cells and power generation systems. The review also encompasses use of different types of additives, base materials and other materials in the development of biomass gasification reactor. The research findings of various scholars have shown that biomass gasification emerges as a key player in contributing to a sustainable and environmentally friendly future.
Organizing Primary Care Clinicians to Expand Reproductive Health Access: A Qualitative Program Evaluation
Authors: McMahon Hayley V. , Riker Laura , Broughton-Jones Hailey , Trotta Lily , Srinivasulu Silpa
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Comprehensive sexual reproductive health care (SRH) in the United States, including abortion, is siloed from primary care, making it more difficult to access. The crisis in access has drastically worsened following the overturning of Roe v Wade, 410 US 113 (1973). Primary care clinicians (PCC) are well-positioned to protect and expand SRH access but do not receive sufficient training or support. The Reproductive Health Access Network (“Network”) was created to connect like-minded clinicians to engage in advocacy, training, and peer support to enhance access to SRH in their communities and practices. This evaluation explores PCC leaders’ experiences within this SRH organizing network.
Methods: In 2021, we conducted 34 semistructured phone interviews with a purposive sample of current (n=27) and former (n=7) PCC leaders in the Network (N=87). The program’s theory of change and network evaluation framework guided reflexive thematic analysis.
Results: Participants viewed Network support as critical to ending isolation through three mechanisms: connecting to a supportive community of like-minded peers, empowering leadership, and providing infrastructure for local organizing. They viewed mentorship as critical in building a sustainable and equitable pipeline of PCC leaders. Participants identified challenges to engaging fully, such as burnout and discrimination experienced both within and outside the Network.
Conclusions: Community-building, peer support, and mentorship are critical to building and sustaining PCC leadership in SRH-organizing communities. Efforts are needed to mitigate burnout, support SRH education and mentorship for PCCs, and transform into a truly inclusive community. The Network structure is promising for amplifying efforts to enhance SRH access through clinician leadership.
A bibliometric review of stakeholder theory in accounting: Current trends and future directions
Authors: Khomsiyah Khomsiyah , Nilawati Yuana Jatu , Aryati Titik
Published: February 2024

In this study, a comprehensive bibliometric review of the stakeholder theory in accounting (both financial and managerial) is carried out. The bibliometric analysis provides historical information on research trends as well as research performance. This study explored the associated literature in stakeholder theory and accounting (economy, business, and management) from 1996–2022. The material was gathered from the Scopus database and analysed using VOSviewer and Tableau software. The documents that are based on previous research provide an analysis of the scientific output as well as the distribution of subject groups and journals. The authors’ chosen keywords have also been focused on identifying the most important areas of the study. The results of this research indicate that there has been an increase in the rate of yearly production across the time period that was investigated. The Journal of Business Ethics (JBE) is the most prolific journal and has published the most articles on stakeholder theory of any other publication. It is the top prolific journal. The outcome also demonstrates that the United States (U.S.) is home to a significant number of prestigious academic institutions. The U.S. tops the world in both the creation of scientific papers and the number of times those articles are mentioned in other documents. This study contributes on the awareness of using bibliometric analysis study to explore development in the scientific field. Bibliometric analysis study refers to the use of keywords to extract information for research growth in terms of the number of productions and citations. This study contributes on the awareness of using bibliometric analysis study to explore development in the scientific area.
Poziom i zróżnicowanie dochodów ludności użytkującej gospodarstwa rolne
Authors: Stańko Stanisław , Gralak Arkadiusz
Published: February 2024

Obserwowano bardzo zróżnicowany poziom i strukturę dochodów wśród prowadzących gospodarstwa rolne w 1996 r. Produkcja rolna w gospodarstwach o najwyższych dochodach przynosiła dochody brutto 106 razy wyższe niż w gospodarstwach o najniższych dochodach. Dochód brutto na członka rodziny był odpowiednio 53 razy wyższy. Dochody z rolnictwa w 1996 r. stanowiły zaledwie 44,4% dochodów rozporządzalnych ludności rolniczej. Dochody gospodarstwa rolnego uzupełniały emerytury i renty (27,4 proc.), dochody z pracy poza rolnictwem (22,4 proc.), dochody z działalności pozarolniczej (2,1 proc.) oraz dochody z pozostałych źródeł (1,1 proc.). Dochody uzyskiwane poza gospodarstwem łagodzą spadek dochodów użytkowników gospodarstw rolnych, a w efekcie poprawiają proporcje dochodowe wśród ludności rolniczej. Stosunek najwyższego poziomu dochodu do dyspozycji brutto do najniższego w wybranych grupach wyniósł 17. W odniesieniu do jednej osoby wskaźnik ten wyniósł 8,6. Z analizy wynika, że 42 proc. badanych gospodarstw główne dochody osiągało z produkcji rolniczej, 31 proc. – ze świadczeń emerytalno-rentowych, 24 proc. – z wynagrodzeń, a 3 proc. – z innych źródeł. W najkorzystniejszej sytuacji ekonomicznej znajdowały się osoby samozatrudnione w działalności pozarolniczej.
Analysis of portable system for sound acquisition of vehicles powered by internal combustion engines
Authors: Milivojcevic Marko , Kisic Emilija , Ciric Dejan
Published: February 2024

In this paper a portable system for acquisition of sound generated by passenger vehicles powered by internal combustion engines is described and analyzed. The acquisition system is developed from scratch and tested in order to satisfy the requirements such as high-quality of audio recordings, high mobility, robustness and privacy respect. With this acquisition system and adequate signal processing, the main goal was to collect a large amount of clear audio recordings that will form a quality dataset. In further research, this dataset will be used for machine learning model training and testing, i.e. for developing a system for automatic recognition of the type of car engine based on fuel.
The predictive value of the CONUT score combined with the A2DS2 scale for post-ischemic stroke infection
Authors: Zhang Yongqing , Zhang Wei , Zhou Yiwu
Published: February 2024

Background/Aim. Stroke-associated infection is the most common and most serious complication of ischemic stroke (IS), which is the most important cause of death and disability in humans. The aim of the study was to determine the predictive value of nutrition risk score ? Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) combined with Age, Atrial Fibrillation, Dysphagia, Sex, Stroke Severity (A2DS2) scale for post-IS infection (PISI) in IS patients. Methods. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 333 IS patients admitted to the Emergency Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from December 2017 to April 2019. Patients were divided into the NoPISI group (244 cases) and the PISI group (89 cases) based on whether they had a PISI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for PISI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the accuracy of different variables in predicting the outcome. Results. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the CONUT score [odds ratio (OR) = 1.321, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.040?1.677, p < 0.05] and age (OR = 1.026, 95%CI: 1.004?1.048, p < 0.05) were independent influencing factors for PISI. With the increase of the CONUT score, the proportion of PISI increased. Area under the ROC curve for predicting PISI was 0.651, 0.696, and 0.725 for CONUT, A2DS2, and CONUT plus A2DS2, respectively. Conclusion. Combining the CONUT score and A2DS2 scale enhances their predictability of PISI, thereby serving as a valuable tool for early risk assessment and clinical intervention.
Serbia and Romania: The issue of salt supply and negotiations for a trade agreement in 1906
Authors: Milinkovic Marija
Published: February 2024

?his article examines the process of concluding a trade agreement between
Serbia and Romania in 1906 when the Tariff War between Austria-Hungary and
Serbia began. Memoirs of a Serbian diplomat Mihailo G. Ristic, who served as
a Minister in Bucharest between 1906 and 1914, significantly contributed to
our understanding of the diplomatic relations between Serbia and Romania in
this period. Furthermore, documents from the State Archives of Serbia helped
us gain insight into economic issues. Given the fact that since the end of
the 19th century Serbia imported 25,000 tons of salt from Romania per year,
the pressure of the Austro-Hungarian government on Serbia to purchase salt
from Hungary alarmed the Romanian government. Considering that the salt
export for the Serbian market was relevant to the Romanian economy, this
problem threatened to damage the good diplomatic relations between Serbia
and Romania. However, although Romanian political circles and the Romanian
Embassy in Belgrade viewed this issue as very important, the Romanian
negotiators did not raise the matter of salt supply at the negotiations for
a trade agreement in October 1906. Although Austria-Hungary tried to crush
the Serbian economy with the Tariff War, it allowed Serbia to develop trade
and find new markets for its products. By concluding a trade agreement with
Romania in December 1906, Serbia secured the issue of transporting Serbian
goods through Romanian ports and strengthened trade connections with its
neighbor.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Based Metrics and Hypoglycemia Duration in Insulin-Experienced Individuals With Long-standing Type 2 Diabetes Switched From a Daily Basal Insulin to Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec: Post Hoc Analysis of ONWARDS 2 and ONWARDS 4
Authors: Bajaj Harpreet S. , Ásbjörnsdóttir Björg , Carstensen Lisbeth , Laugesen Christian , Mathieu Chantal , Philis-Tsimikas Athena , Battelino Tadej
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

This post hoc analysis assessed continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)–based metrics and hypoglycemia duration with once-weekly insulin icodec versus once-daily basal insulin analogs in insulin-experienced individuals with long-standing type 2 diabetes from two 26-week phase 3a trials (ONWARDS 2 and ONWARDS 4).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Time in range (TIR) (3.9–10.0 mmol/L), time above range (TAR) (>10.0 mmol/L), and time below range (TBR) (<3.9 mmol/L and <3.0 mmol/L) were assessed during three CGM time periods (switch [weeks 0–4], end of treatment [weeks 22–26], and follow-up [weeks 27–31]) for icodec versus comparators (ONWARDS 2, insulin degludec [basal regimen]; ONWARDS 4, insulin glargine U100 [basal-bolus regimen]) using double-blind CGM data. CGM-derived hypoglycemic episode duration (<3.9 mmol/L) was assessed.

RESULTS

In both trials, there were no statistically significant differences in TIR, TAR, or TBR (<3.0 mmol/L) for icodec versus comparators across all time periods. In the end-of-treatment period, mean TIR was 63.1% (icodec) vs. 59.5% (degludec) in ONWARDS 2 and 66.9% (icodec) vs. 66.4% (glargine U100) in ONWARDS 4. Mean TBR <3.9 mmol/L and <3.0 mmol/L remained within recommended targets (<4% and <1%, respectively) across time periods and treatment arms. Hypoglycemic episode duration (<3.9 mmol/L) was comparable across time periods and treatment arms (median duration ≤40 min).

CONCLUSIONS

In insulin-experienced participants with long-standing type 2 diabetes, CGM-based TIR, TAR, and CGM-derived hypoglycemia duration (<3.9 mmol/L) were comparable for icodec and once-daily basal insulin analogs during all time periods. TBR remained within recommended targets.
Improved Satisfaction While Maintaining Safety and High Time in Range (TIR) With a Medtronic Investigational Enhanced Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop (e-AHCL) System
Authors: Yuan Cheng Yi , Kong Yee W. , Amoore Tess , Brown Katrin , Grosman Benyamin , Jenkins Alicia , Jones Hannah , Kurtz Natalie , Lee Melissa H. , MacIsaac Richard , Netzer Emma , Paldus Barbora , Robinson Lesley , Roy Anirban , Sims Catriona M. , Trawley Steven , Vogrin Sara , O’Neal David N.
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine feasibility and compare acceptance of an investigational Medtronic enhanced advanced hybrid closed-loop (e-AHCL) system in adults with type 1 diabetes with earlier iterations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This nonrandomized three-stage (12 weeks each) exploratory study compared e-AHCL (Bluetooth-enabled MiniMed 780G insulin pump with automatic data upload [780G] incorporating an updated algorithm; calibration-free all-in-one disposable sensor; 7-day infusion set) preceded by a run-in (non-Bluetooth 780G [670G V4.0 insulin pump] requiring manual data upload; Guardian Sensor 3 [GS3] requiring calibration; 3-day infusion set), stage 1 (780G; GS3; 3-day infusion set), and stage 2 (780G; calibration-free Guardian Sensor 4; 3-day infusion set). Treatment satisfaction was assessed by Diabetes Technology Questionnaire (DTQ)-current (primary outcome) and other validated treatment satisfaction tools with glucose outcomes by continuous glucose monitoring metrics.

RESULTS

Twenty-one of 22 (11 women) participants (baseline HbA1c 6.7%/50 mmol/mol) completed the study. DTQ-current scores favored e-AHCL (123.1 [17.8]) versus run-in (101.6 [24.2]) and versus stage 1 (110.6 [20.8]) (both P < 0.001) but did not differ from stage 2 (119.4 [16.0]; P = 0.271). Diabetes Medication System Rating Questionnaire short-form scores for “Convenience and Efficacy” favored e-AHCL over run-in and all stages. Percent time in range 70–180 mg/dL was greater with e-AHCL versus run-in and stage 2 (+2.9% and +3.6%, respectively; both P < 0.001). Percent times of <70 mg/dL for e-AHCL were significantly lower than run-in, stage 1, and stage 2 (−0.9%, −0.6%, and −0.5%, respectively; all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

e-AHCL was feasible. User satisfaction increased compared with earlier Medtronic HCL iterations without compromising glucose control.
Ånger och missnöje efter könsbekräftande behandling
Authors: Rinta-Rahko Anna , Alanko Katarina
Published: February 2024

Könsdysfori (DSM-5) innebär en upplevelse av att könsidentiteten inte motsvarar det kön man tilldelats vid födseln. Denna inkongruens kan orsaka betydande lidande och nedsatt psykisk och social funktionsförmåga. Könsdysfori kan behandlas medicinskt med bland annat hormonella och kirurgiska ingrepp. Tidigare studiers resultat tyder på att ett litet antal personer upplever ånger eller missnöje efter könsbekräftande behandling. Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt är att undersöka förekomst av ånger och missnöje efter könsbekräftande behandling i studier publicerade åren 2009–2021, samt att undersöka möjliga orsaker till detta. Litteratursökningen gjordes i databaserna PsycINFO (Ebsco) och PubMed och tio studier inkluderades. Resultaten från denna översikt tyder på att det är ovanligt att ångra sin könsbekräftande behandling, och att ånger främst varit kopplat till inadekvat diagnostisering och negativa psykosociala faktorer. Dessutom har antalet personer som ångrar sig minskat under de senaste decennierna, samtidigt som det skett en ökning i antalet personer som genomgår könsbekräftande behandling. Resultaten tyder även på att en del personer upplever missnöje eller övergående ånger över vissa aspekter av behandlingen, främst i koppling till kirurgiska resultat. Resultaten bör tolkas med viss försiktighet på grund av att ånger och missnöje definierats och mätts på olika sätt i de inkluderade studierna. Mera forskning krävs för att undersöka faktorer kopplade till ånger och missnöje.
Ikäihmisten sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen käyttö ja asiakassegmentit ennen säännöllisen kotihoidon asiakkuutta
Authors: Kytölä Liisa , Huhtakangas Moona , Pesonen Paula , Ylitalo-Katajisto Kirsti , Kanste Outi
Published: February 2024

Tulevaisuuden sosiaali- ja terveyskeskus -ohjelmassa kehitetään voimakkaasti kotihoitoa. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvailla säännöllisen kotihoidon asiakkaaksi siirtyneiden ikäihmisten sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen käyttöä ennen kotihoidon asiakkuutta sekä tunnistaa asiakassegmenttejä. Lisäksi tarkasteltiin mahdollisia eroja säännölliseen kotihoitoon siirtyneiden ja siirtymättömien ikäihmisten palvelujen käytössä.
Tutkimus on tapaus-verrokki-asetelman sisältävä retrospektiivinen rekisteritutkimus. Aineisto sisälsi tietoja yhden suuren kaupungin yli 75-vuotiaiden perusterveydenhuollon, sosiaalipalveluiden ja erikoissairaanhoidon palvelujen käytöstä. Tarkastelun kohteena olleilla tapauksilla ei ollut säännöllisiä ikäihmisten hoivapalveluja käytössä vuosina 2017–2018, ja heidän säännöllisen kotihoidon asiakkuutensa oli alkanut vuonna 2018 (n=651). Tapauksille poimittiin iän ja sukupuolen mukaan kaltaistetut verrokit (n=2482), joka eivät siirtyneet kotihoidon asiakkaaksi vuoden 2018 aikana. Palvelujen käyttöä tarkasteltiin 12 kuukauden ajalta käyttäen frekvenssi- ja prosenttijakaumia, keski- ja hajontalukuja, ristiintaulukointia, Pearsonin khiin neliö -testiä ja Fisherin tarkkaa testiä.
Kotihoitoon siirtyneet käyttivät eniten seuraavia palvelusuoritteita: avosairaanhoidon käynti ja päivystyskäynti, ikäihmisten sosiaalipalvelujen tunnit, perusterveydenhuollon sairaalahoitopäivät ja somaattisen erikoissairaanhoidon käynnit. Tapaukset käyttivät verrokkeja enemmän palveluja henkilö- ja suoritemäärinä, käyttökuukausina sekä palvelukokonaisuuksina. Palvelujen käyttö oli sitä yleisempää, mitä lähempänä kotihoidon alkaminen oli. Tapauksissa oli verrokkeja enemmän erityisesti sosiaalipalvelujen ja kaikkien palvelulohkojen (perusterveydenhuolto, somaattinen erikoissairaanhoito, sosiaalipalvelut) käyttäjiä. Tapauksista muodostettiin segmenttejä, joita kuvailtiin sukupuoli ja ikäluokka -muuttujilla. Ikäihmisten palvelujen käyttöä on tärkeää tarkastella kokonaisuutena palvelusta toiseen siirtymisen ja palvelutarpeen ennakoinnin näkökulmista.
Keskeisimmät potilasturvallisuutta ja hoidon laatua mittaavat tekijät potilasasiamiesten tilastoinnissa
Authors: Autio Raija
Published: February 2024

Potilas- ja asiakasturvallisuuden seuranta on Suomessa epäyhtenäistä, ja se vaikeuttaa potilas- ja asiakasturvallisuuden arviointia. Vaaratapahtumat ja potilasvahingot aiheuttavat inhimillistä kärsimystä sekä merkittäviä kustannuksia sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollossa. Turvallisuutta koskeva tieto on hajanaista, pirstaleista, ja sitä kerätään epäyhtenäisesti.
Tämän systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää keskeisimmät potilasturvallisuutta, ja hoidon laatua mittaavat tekijät. Potilasasiamiehille tulevien yhteydenottojen tilastoinnissa ei ole yhtenäistä kansallista linjaa, vaan kirjaaminen sekä tilastointi toteutetaan monin eri tavoin. Tilastointi perustuu pääosin asiakastapausten eli case-tilastointiin tai yhteydenottomäärien tilastointiin. Potilasasiamiehille tulevien yhteydenottojen sisältöjä tulisi käyttää entistä enemmän potilasturvallisuuden ja hoidon laadun kehittämiseen, edistämään organisaatiossa kerätyn arviointi- ja tilastotiedon käyttöä potilashoidon kehittämisessä. Terveydenhuollossa tätä ei ole riittävästi hyödynnetty.
Kirjallisuuskatsauksen aineisto kerättiin CINAHL-, MEDIC-, PubMed- ja Arto -tietokannoista vuosilta 2015–2023. Lopullinen aineisto koostui 10 alkuperäistutkimuksesta.
Kirjallisuuskatsaus vahvistaa jo olemassa olevaa tietoa potilasturvallisuutta ja hoidon laatua mittaavista tekijöistä. Johtopäätöksenä potilasturvallisuuden varmistamiseen kuuluu digitaalisesta turvallisuudesta huolehtiminen. Sairaaloiden johtajien tuki turvallisen hoitokulttuurin luomisessa on keskeistä. Vuorovaikutuksen ja viestinnän merkitys on oleellinen turvallisessa potilaskulttuurissa. Kirjallisuuskatsauksen tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää potilasasiamiesten tilastointiohjelman rakennetta ja sisältöä suunniteltaessa.
Prophеt Muhammad Mawlίd Cеlеbratίon
Authors: Nurrohim Nurrohim , Setyorini Fitri Sari
Published: February 2024

Thе cеlеbratίon of thе Prophеt Muhammad's Mawlίd holds grеat sίgnίfίcancе wίthίn thе Ίslamίc world, but ίts obsеrvancе varίеs bеtwееn Sunnί and Shί'ί tradίtίons. Thίs papеr aίms to provίdе a comparatίvе analysίs of thе Mawlίd cеlеbratίon ίn Sunnί and Shί'ί Ίslam. By еxamίnίng thе hίstorίcal, thеologίcal, and cultural aspеcts of thеsе two tradίtίons, thе papеr aίms to shеd lίght on thе sίmίlarίtίеs and dίffеrеncеs ίn thеίr approachеs to commеmoratίng thе bίrth of thе Prophеt Muhammad. Ίn Sunnί Ίslam, thе Mawlίd cеlеbratίon ίs commonly obsеrvеd and holds a cеntral placе ίn thе rеlίgίous and cultural lίfе of many communίtίеs. Thе rеsеarch rеsults shows that Sunnί Muslίms commеmoratе thе bίrth of thе Prophеt Muhammad wίth varίous rίtuals, ίncludίng rеcίtatίons of poеtry, lеcturеs on thе Prophеt's lίfе, and communal gathеrίngs that еmphasίzе lovе and rеvеrеncе for hίm. Thе spеcίfίc practίcеs and customs assocίatеd wίth thе Mawlίd may vary across dίffеrеnt rеgίons and sеcts wίthίn Sunnί Ίslam. On thе othеr hand, thе Mawlίd cеlеbratίon ίn Shί'ί Ίslam follows a dίstίnct pattеrn ίnfluеncеd by Shί'ί bеlίеfs and practίcеs. Shί'ί Muslίms obsеrvе thе bίrth of thе Prophеt Muhammad and hίs dеscеndants, partίcularly thе bίrth of Ίmam Alί ίbn Abί Talίb, who holds a spеcίal placе ίn Shί'ί thеology. Shί'ί Mawlίd commеmoratίons may ίnvolvе rеcίtatίons of poеtry, sеrmons, and procеssίons that hίghlίght thе vίrtuеs and achίеvеmеnts of thе Prophеt and hίs famίly.Dеspίtе thеsе dίffеrеncеs, both Sunnί and Shί'ί Mawlίd cеlеbratίons sharе a common goal of еxprеssίng lovе and dеvotίon to thе Prophеt Muhammad. Thеy provίdе opportunίtίеs for bеlίеvеrs to dееpеn thеίr connеctίon wίth thе Prophеt, lеarn from hίs tеachίngs, and еxprеss gratίtudе for hίs rolе as thе fίnal mеssеngеr of Ίslam.
Симметрии и четность пространства-времени
Authors: Туракулов Зафар
Published: February 2024

Рассмотрен вопрос о возможности нарушения пространственной четности как свойства пространства-времени. Показано, что это нарушение достигается нетривиальным объединением алгебр Ли временных сдвигов и пространственных вращений. Геометрия стационарного сферически симметричного пространства-времени построена в общем виде. Нарушение пространственной четности в пространстве-времени построенного таким образом, продемонстрировано на свойствах геодезических потоков, а именно, показано, что зеркальное отражение такого потока не является геодезическим потоком. Построение, представленное в настоящей работе, показывает путь, на котором, по нашему мнению, была построена метрика Тауба-НУТ.
Concepts of “Landscape” in the Views of Researchers of the 20th and Early 21st Centuries in the Situation of the Urban World
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy  named after K.A. Timiryazev, Portnova Irina V. , Fedorov Alexander V. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy  named after K.A. Timiryazev
Published: February 2024

The article highlights the views of researchers on the world of landscape architecture, which contains many value meanings and, above all, in the “nature-human” relationship, which are expressed in modern architec-ture. This broad cultural layer in the article takes on an ecological orientation, namely, in the current picture of the modern world, two clearly defined trends can be observed. On the one hand, the wave of environmental consciousness is becoming universal and increasingly global; on the other hand, it is penetrating into profes-sional scientific spheres. The entire compositional and artistic structure of modern landscape architecture is aimed at making a person feel comfortable in the structure of the urban environment. The aim of the article is to consider the theoretical fabrications of the authors, submitted to the judgment of the reader in order to outline specific, optimal solutions in different spheres of landscape activity.
The Problem of Classifying AI as a Modern Cultural Phenomenon
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belikova Evgeniya K.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the question of whether artificial intelligence (AI) is a phenomenon of modern culture. The criteria for the phenomenon of culture are highlighted: the criterion of value-normative certainty, the criterion of developmental impact on members of society, the criterion of compliance with the creative component of hu-man nature, the criterion of helping a person understand and express his own individuality, the criterion of pop-ularity and recognition. The compliance of AI with each of these criteria is analyzed. It is revealed that AI is in-cluded in the process of preserving and transmitting the values and norms of society, contributes to the devel-opment of society members, including creativity, as well as human expression of individuality, is very popular in modern society. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that AI corresponds to the specified criteria, so that at this stage of societal development it can be considered a cultural phenomenon.
Ideological and Theoretical-Methodological Provisions of the Course “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood”: Critical Analysis
Authors:   Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy”, Osin Roman S.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the ideological and theoretical-methodological foundations of the course “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood”, which started in higher educational institutions in September 2023. Based on the study of the three main textbooks for this course, an analysis of the main provisions contained in the course is given. From the author's point of view, the course is clearly ideological, conservative and idealistic in nature. In addition, in some places of the textbook, not only controversial, but also directly ideologically biased state-ments that have nothing to do with reality are allowed. According to the author, such a situation may occur if it concerns a scientific or political discussion, but is not acceptable in a mandatory training course. From the au-thor’s point of view, since the course “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood” in the form in which it is currently presented is frankly ideologized and biased, it was prematurely introduced as generally binding. This course, in the author’s opinion, carries more propaganda of conservative ideology and religious worldview than knowledge about Russia and in this regard may be present in the educational process as an elective, but not a compulsory discipline.