bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSPOSITION DU MODE CONDITIONNEL DANS LA TRADUCTION DU ROMAN « LA PESTE » D’ALBERT CAMUS EN INDONÉSIEN
Authors: Valentina Gresiana , Marice Marice , Zulherman Zulherman
Published: June 2022

Le but de cette recherche est de savoir quelle transposition et quelle valeur du mode conditionnel qui se trouvent dans la traduction du roman La Peste. La méthode utilisée est la méthode descriptive qualitative. On utilise la théorie de Catford et Isabelle et Chollet, et utilise le roman et la traduction du roman La Peste d’Albert Camus comme les sources de données. Le résultat montre qu’il y a 45 de mode conditionnel. Il existe 3 types de la transposition du mode conditionnel, ce sont la transposition de voix active à la voix passive (3 fois), la transposition d’unité (21 fois), et la transposition de classe du mot (21 fois). Ensuite, il existe 8 valeurs du mode conditionnel, ce sont le souhait ou le désir (6 fois), l’hypothétique (11 fois), le conseil (8 fois), la probabilité (1 fois), le doute (3 fois), la demande (1 fois), l’imaginaire (2 fois) et le futur dans le passé (11 fois).Mots Clés : Transposition, Mode Conditionnel, Roman
Lyapunov Function for Two-species Mutualism Model with Constant Harvesting
Authors: Ahmad Rusliza
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the researcher proposes a simple mathematical model consisting of mutualistic interactions among two-species with constant harvesting. Mutualism is one kind of interaction that ends up being a win-win situation for both species involved. The interacting species benefit from this interaction and ultimately are better adapted for continuous existence. The harvesting function is implemented to describe the rate of removal of the species. This paper aims to investigate the global stability of the unique positive equilibrium point of the model. The global stability of the model is studied by using Lyapunov function method. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov function, it has been proven that the unique positive equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable in a nonlinear system. Finally, numerical simulation is shown to illustrate theoretical results and to simulate the trajectories around the stable equilibrium point. From the numerical analysis, it is observed that both the species persist.
Wireless IoT Smart Door Lock Using Viola-Jones Face Detection Technique
Authors:   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Ahmad Samsiah , Ramli Muhammad Farhan ,   First Solar Boulevard (Jalan Hi-Tech 11),Zon Industri Fasa 3, Kulim Hi-Tech Park, 09090, Kulim Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia., Zulkifli Zalikha ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Abdul Latif Lily Marlia ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Technology in Industrial revolution 4.0 has rapidly changed with the advancement technology developments, including the technology of Internet of Things (IoT). With IoT, different types of data either structured or unstructured can be collected and transferred over the Internet that attracted researchers to conduct various empirical studies on automation of home security environment mainly with intelligence system. This project highlights a face detection of smart door lock system based on Viola-Jones technique. The fundamental system design, implementation of hardware and software as well as the data collection and processing techniques are described in this paper. The prototype of the wireless IoT Smart Door Lock based on Viola-Jones face detection technique has been tested and the accuracy of classification at different face angles (front, left, right, top, down) were recorded and also presented in this paper. The results show that Viola- Jones algorithm has achieved 88% of average accuracy on the complete faces classification.
Descriptive Analysis of the Use of Quizizz Applications on Teachers in Student Performance Assessment for Mathematics Subjects
Authors:   Fakulti Sains dan Matematik, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia, Jamian Rafiee , Zainal Abidin Nurul Hafizah ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia, Arsad Roslah ,   Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Quizizz adalah salah satu alat penilaian pembelajaran berasaskan permainan yang membantu memantau pemahaman murid. Guru sebagai elemen utama dalam proses pengajaran dan pemudahcaraan harus meningkatkan keupayaan mereka untuk mengikuti perkembangan teknologi. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji keberkesanan tahap penggunaan aplikasi, cara dapatan markah penilaian dan pandangan dalam kalangan guru yang menggunakan Quizizz sebagai salah satu platform pembelajaran berasaskan permainan dalam talian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tiga puluh guru sekolah rendah di Daerah Batang Padang dipilih sebagai kumpulan sasaran untuk kajian ini. Sebahagian besar guru (>90%) bersetuju menjawab bahawa latihan yang diberikan adalah bermanfaat. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa penilaian prestasi melalui aplikasi Quizizz adalah positif, ini berdasarkan kepada purata min bagi setiap aspek mencapai pada tahap yang tinggi (min > 4.02).
Targeted endothelial knockout of caveolin-1 in established atherosclerosis does not inhibit plaque progression
Authors:   Experimental Pathology of Atherosclerosis Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain., Muñiz-Anquela Rocío , Redondo Ibon ,   Experimental Pathology of Atherosclerosis Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,   Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain, González-Cintado Leticia ,   Experimental Pathology of Atherosclerosis Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain., Pulgarín-Alfaro Marta ,   Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain, Romero Fidel ,   Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain, del Pozo Miguel Angel ,   Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain, Fog Bentzon Jacob ,   Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
Published: June 2022

Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
Automatic synapse parameter exploration for the interaction of living neurons and models in hybrid circuits and hybrots
Authors:   Grupo de Neurocomputación, Reyes-Sanchez Manuel , Amaducci Rodrigo ,   Grupo de Neurocomputación, Elices Irene ,   Grupo de Neurocomputación,   Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F- 75012, Paris, France, Sánchez-Martín Pablo ,   Grupo de Neurocomputación, Garrido-Peña Alicia ,   Grupo de Neurocomputación, Rodriguez Francisco B ,   Grupo de Neurocomputación, Varona Pablo ,   Grupo de Neurocomputación
Published: June 2022

Hybrid circuits that connect living and model neurons allow studying neural dynamics to assess the role of specific cells and synapses in emergent phenomena of neural computation (Reyes-Sanchez et al. 2020). In this work, we deal with the automatic adaptation and mapping of parameters in hybrid circuits and, in particular, those that yield dynamical invariants. Such invariants take the form of robust relationships between the intervals that build robust sequences arising from the cell interactions and have been recently unveiled in well-known CPGs (Elices et al. 2019). In our methodology, we input biological time series with a characteristic temporal structure of spiking-bursting dynamics to different model neurons with monodirectional and bidirectional synapses implemented with dynamic clamp. To illustrate the protocol, we searched for dynamical invariants established between a living pyloric CPG cell and a Komendantov-Kononenko model neuron connected through a graded synapse model. The biological recordings were preprocessed to automatically adapt the corresponding time and amplitude scales to those of the synapse and neuron models employed. Our automatic experimental protocol then mapped the neuron and synapse parameters that yielded a predefined dynamical invariant. By using parallel computing, this approach readily achieved a full characterization of the parameter space that resulted in the predefined target dynamics. To search for dynamical invariants in real-time bidirectional connections, we also developed a genetic search that found valid set of parameters to reproduce the target dynamical invariant in a few iterations. We illustrated this methodology in the study of the coordination generated by the dynamical invariants to balance flexibility and robustness in neural rhythms. Our results demonstrate that maps showing the presence of dynamical invariants can be built in a few minutes for monodirectional hybrid circuits and that the genetic algorithm can readily find dynamical invariants in bidirectional connections between living and model neurons. The proposed strategy can be generalized for any hybrid circuit and can also be used in the design of hybrots, i.e., robots whose locomotion is controlled by living neural circuits with feedback from the sensor robots.
DISRUPSI LAYANAN KESEHATAN BERBASIS TELEMEDICINE: HUBUNGAN HUKUM DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB HUKUM PASIEN DAN DOKTER
Authors: Prasetyo Abigail , Prananingrum Dyah Hapsari
Published: June 2022

Perkembangan teknologi dari berbagai aspek yang tengah berjalan di masyarakat merupakan kenyataan dan hukum harus mampu mengatur perubahan tersebut. Perkembangan teknologi juga terjadi pada bentuk layanan kesehatan, dari yang konvensional menjadi telemedicine. Telemedicine merupakan bentuk layanan kesehatan berbasis elektronik sehingga dokter dan pasien tidak bertemu secara langsung. Ditengah pandemi COVID-19 layanan telemedicine menjadi alternatif bagi pasien untuk berkonsultasi dengan dokternya. Artikel ini menjelaskan mengenai hubungan hukum dan tanggung jawab hukum dalam telemedicine. Hubungan hukum antara dokter dan pasien tercipta melalui perjanjian baku dalam hal ini adalah perjanjian terapeutik. Perjanjian terapeutik tetap terjadi meskipun dokter dan pasien tidak saling berhadapan secara langsung. Terkait dengan bentuk pertanggungjawaban, dalam telemedicine dikenal tanggung jawab mutlak dari dokter atas pasiennya. Pada akhirnya, perlu disadari bahwa masih banyak kelemahan bagi dokter maupun pasien serta penyelenggara dalam layanan telemedicine.
Acesso ao saneamento básico no Ceará e sua relação com o desenvolvimento e a pobreza
Authors: Lima Filipe Augusto Xavier , Custódio Aline Maria Baldez
Published: June 2022

Este estudo busca elaborar um panorama do acesso à água e ao esgoto no estado do Ceará, à luz dos conceitos multidimensionais de desenvolvimento e pobreza. Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, além de coleta, tabulação, descrição e análise de dados e informações acerca da situação do acesso aos serviços de saneamento básico, bem como de indicadores de desenvolvimento e pobreza. Como resultados, verificou-se que ainda persistem situações inadequadas ou mesmo de ausência dos serviços de saneamento às pessoas mais pobres, em particular. Quando se analisaram os dados por faixa de renda, foi possível verificar que as residências das populações mais pobres têm maior carência dessa infraestrutura básica. Os resultados mostram também que, ao longo da série histórica analisada para o Ceará, não houve mudanças expressivas nos indicadores considerados, sendo os serviços de coleta e tratamento dos esgotos os mais deficitários.
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento sustentável. Desenvolvimento humano. Pobreza multidimensional. Serviços de saneamento.
racismo de estado e a guerra como paradigmas da biopolítica
Authors: Soler Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar y , Pollnow Camila Gabriela , Bastos Ruan Lucas , Fischer Eduardo Matheus Campos
Published: June 2022

A finalidade deste artigo consiste em pensar as articulações entre o Racismo de Estado e a guerra como paradigmas da biopolítica. A partir das pistas formuladas por Michel Foucault em seu projeto de uma genealogia das biopolíticas, propusemo-nos a pensar como os efeitos de verdade da emergência do racismo não se dão apenas por sua discursividade biológica, mas também pelas bases estruturais e históricas do direito, responsável pela produção de práticas ligadas ao processo de assujeitamento das raças no interior da estrutura do Estado moderno. Desse modo, percebe-se como uma genealogia do Racismo de Estado compreende a estruturação de um triplo efeito ligado às capilaridades das estratégias de saber, das práticas de poder e dos processos de subjetivação responsáveis pela manutenção de uma guerra permanente contra corpos e subjetivações abjetas à máquina governamental.
Palavras-chave: Racismo de Estado; Guerra; Biopolítica; Michel Foucault.
Pediatric mental health emergency visits during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hernández-Calle Daniel , Andreo-Jover Jorge , Curto-Ramos Javier , García Martínez Daniel , Valor Luis Vicente , Juárez Guillermo , Alcamí Margarita , Ortiz Arancha , Iglesias Noelia , Bravo-Ortiz María Fe , Vega Beatriz Rodríguez , Martínez-Alés Gonzalo
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Paediatric and adult psychiatric emergency department (ED) visits decreased during the initial COVID-19 outbreak. Long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic will include increases in mental healthcare needs, especially among vulnerable groups such as children and adolescents.

Aim

This study examined changes in the number of overall and diagnosis-specific mental health ED visits among patients aged <18 years following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Madrid, Spain.

Methods

Using clinical records from all psychiatric ED visits at a major teaching hospital between October 2018 and April 2021, we conducted interrupted time-series analyses and compared trends before and after the day of the first ED COVID-19 case (1st March 2020).

Results

A total of 663 patients were included. In March 2020, there was a marked initial decrease of -12.8 (95% CI -21.9, - 7.9) less monthly mental health ED visits. After April 2020, there was a subsequent increasing trend of 3.4 (95% CI 2.6, 4.2) additional monthly mental health ED visits.

Conclusion

After the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in paediatric psychiatric ED visits, especially due to suicide-related reasons. These data reinforce the crucial role of the ED in the management of acute mental health problems among youth and highlight the need for renovated efforts to enhance access to care outside of and during acute crises during the pandemic and its aftermath.
Ordu’nun derelerindeki fiziko-kimyasal özelliklere yeni katkılar: Curi Deresi (Ünye-Ordu)
Authors: KURUCU Gülşah , BOSTANCI Derya
Published: June 2022

Curi Deresinde altı farklı istasyondan Ocak- Aralık 2018 arasında mevsimsel olarak su örnekleri alınmıştır. Çözünmüş oksijen, sıcaklık, iletkenlik, pH, tuzluluk, direnç, TDS, nitrat, sülfat, nitrit ve fosfat değerleri belirlenmiştir. Her istasyonda ölçülen parametreler mevsimselere göre yorumlanmıştır. Yörenin en önemli sucul ekosisteminin mevcut fiziko-kimyasal parametreleri tespit edilerek, günden güne değişen antropojenik ve ekolojik parametrelerle oluşabilecek olumsuzluklara karşı alınabilecek tedbirler değerlendirilmiştir.
FORECASTING SYSTEM FOR PASSENGER, AIRPLANE, LUGGAGE AND CARGO, USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE METHOD - BACKPROPAGATION NEURAL NETWORK AT JUANDA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Authors: Moonlight Lady Silk , Setiyo Prabowo Achmad
Published: June 2022

Juanda International Airport is the third busiest airport, after Soekarno Hatta International Airport and Ngurah Rai International Airport. Because the number of Airplane, passengers, luggage and cargo at Juanda International Airport is increasing every year, it is important to improve infrastructure facilities and services, and all facilities at Juanda Airport. In this research, it was designed and built a forecasting system for Airplane, passenger, luggage and cargo. This research is expected to be a consideration in increasing the readiness of infrastructure and services, and all facilities at Juanda Airport. In addition, this system is also expected to be one of the decision supporting system for the management. This system uses one of the Artificial Intelligent methods, Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network. It is known in previous research that Backpropagation is a method of artificial neural networks with the best performance in pattern recognition, or forecasting. The forecasting system has two main processes, the training process and the forecasting process.
The Application of Solar Energy in the Crops Drying Process
Authors: Salman Abbass Z. , Fayad Mohammed A.
Published: June 2022

In the present study two convective types of solar dryers were investigated and tested under the Iraqi climate conditions. The first is called indirect type which consists of solar collector and drying chamber and the second type is a direct solar dryers. A drying equation based on a thin layer-drying function has been introduced to simulate the change of moisture content of crops with time taking into account the effect of flow rate of air, drying temperature, humidity ratio, initial and final moisture contents, and crops distribution on the drying rate and can be used for different crops. The dryers were tested using potato, fruit, any vegetables and other kinds of green leaves under typical condition of Iraqi weather. Good agreement has been obtained between the present results and the available published measurements. The study indicates that the indirect solar dryer gives definite performance advantage compared with the direct solar dryer.
Laboratory Assessment for Clays Used for Filling Dams Dykes and Embankments
Authors: Al Hadad Khaled
Published: June 2022

Laboratory tests and analysis results for materials chosen from al-Adhaim siteindicate that either suitable according to American Standards for use as claysquarries for filling ,dams ,dykes and embankments or unsuitable for one or morereasons . Treatments take place ,according to type of problems for examplephysical problem , as excess in silt and sand particles percentages , also decreasein clays particles percentage ,vice versa. In addition to physical foul, manytreatments can be done , chemical problems such as excess in gypsum content,total dissolved salts and organic materials according to British Standards. Inaddition to chemical foul, by grass, plants roots , treatments done which can bedone according to the causes of these problems.
Advance of Wetting Front in Silt Loam Soil under a Trickle Line Source
Authors: Mahmood Mohamed T. , Yassen Haki E.
Published: June 2022

Under drip irrigation , the plant's root is concentrated inside the wetted bulb (region). Thus, the development of these roots and the plant production are greatly affected by the wetting pattern. Therefore, the wetting pattern of soil under drip irrigation must be taken into consideration in the design of drip irrigation system for both single dripping source or multi-overlapping wetting patterns of dripping water sources.The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of initial water content of the soil and spacing between two adjacent dripping sources with different flow rate on the movement of the wetting front.This study included 16 tests for monitoring the advancement of the wetting front with time during and after the water application phase. The water advance and water distribution measurement are carried out for two cases of the soil profile: for the first case with initial volumetric water content of 4.08% and for the second case with initial volumetric water content of 12.24%. Two spacing between the emitter were tested 25cm and 50 cm using application flow rates of 0.606, 1.212, 1.818, and 2.424 cm3 /min/cm to show the combined effect of spacing and flow rate on the performance of two adjacent emitter.The study proposed a method for determining the spacing between the two emitting sources , the water application rate and watering time. The proposed method depends on a wetted zone whose depth is equal to the root zone depth with a values equals to the maximum vertical advance of the wetting front underneath the drip line at time when this depth is equal to the depth of wetting at midpoint between the drip line. the study revealed that both the vertical water advance in soil underneath the emitter and the horizontal advance of the wetting front is larger than those in the case of single emitter.Furthermore, the vertical water advance increases with the decrease spacing between the two drip lines. Also, the horizontal advance of the wetting front is not affected by varying this spacing for both studied cases of initial water content.
Axial Dispersion and Back-mixing of Gas Phase in Pebble Bed Reactor
Authors: Al-Musafir Rahman Shnain Abdulmohsin
Published: June 2022

Despite the worldwide attended of pebble bed reactors (PBRs), there is a lack of fundamental understanding of the complex flow pattern. In this work, the non-ideal flow behavior of the gas phase, which is used, for cooling has been investigated experimentally in a 0.3 m diameter pebble bed. The extent of mixing and dispersion of the gas phase has been qualified. The effect of gas velocity on the axial dispersion has been investigated with range from 0.05 to 0.6 m/s covering both the laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Glass bead particles of 1.2 cm diameter and 2.5 gm/cm3, which is randomly and closely packed have been used to mimic the pebbles. An advanced gas tracer technique was applied to measure the residence time distribution (RTD) of gas phase using impulse tracer. The axial dispersion coefficients of gas phase in the studied pebble bed have been estimated using the axial dispersion model (ADM). It was found that the flow pattern of the gas phase deviates from plug flow depending on the superficial gas velocity. The results showed that the dispersion of the gas reduces as the gas velocity and Reynolds numbers increased.
Gas Holdup and Liquid-Phase Dispersion in Packed Bubble Columns
Authors: Abdulrazzaq Burhan Sadeq
Published: June 2022

The gas holdup and liquid phase axial dispersion coefficient are measured in two semi batch packed bubble columns, 10 and 15 cm diameter for an air–water system, at atmospheric conditions. The experiments were carried out using a transient method (the tracer response method). The dispersion coefficient was obtained by adjusting the experimental profiles of tracer concentration with the predictions of the model. Experiment results of packed bubble column, shows a considerable reduction of the back mixing. The investigations have been carried out using RTD measurements and the back mixing is usually characterized by the axial dispersion coefficient obtained from the one-dimensional axial dispersion model. Also, a decrease in superficial gas velocity reduces the liquid back mixing.  It is observed that the liquid circulation comprises an upward flow in the column core and a downward flow along the wall. It also seen that the transition from the bubbly flow to the pulsation flow regime occurred at 5-6 cm/s superficial gas velocity.
Numerical Study of Separated Flows in Backward Facing Step by Using Collocated Grid Arrangement
Authors: Mustafa Ahmed Waheed
Published: June 2022

The effects of Reynolds number and the inlet height ratio on separated flow over backward facing step are investigated. The flow field is studied numerically with different inlet height ratio. The laminar flow field is analyzed numerically by solving the steady, two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. A collocated (non-staggered) grid is used in the momentum equations, which discretized by finite volume method, SIMPLE algorithm is used to adjust the velocity field to satisfy the conservation of mass. The range of Reynolds number is (Re = 100 – 800). The results show that at low height ratio (h/H = 0.25) and high Reynolds number the flow separated along the top wall of the channel. Good agreement with the experimental data is obtained.
Theoretical Study of Thermal Performance of Rock Bed Storage
Authors: Danok Suad H. , Abbas Ihsan F. , Weis Mousa Mustafa
Published: June 2022

In this theoretical study, heat transfer and pressure drop in two cases of rock bed thermal storage has been studied, in the first case the equivalent diameter is changed  when the mass flow rate per unit area is constant, and in the second case is inversely. The unsteady numerical simulation is employed to analyze the performance of the heat flow and temperature field in the storage. While the best thermal storage is obtain at equivalent diameter is (0.01) m. and show that the relation of pressure drop is decrease with increase in equivalent diameter except in a range of (0.025 to 0.038) m is constant.
The Application of Public Participation Method in Forming the Urban Future for Alchipayish City
Authors: Heil Hamid Turky , Yaseen Rasheed hamed
Published: June 2022

Since the sixteenths of the previous century the criticizing started to face the rational methods in urban planning, urban design and architecture. Modernism had been criticized on large scale, so that the architecture of post-modern emerged; and the public participation appeared in deciding urban settlements future. This change was due to democratic methodology in dealing with societies requirements. What led to this methodology was the people tend to think of their cities future. This methodology exposed among the societies of wide sum of information’s techniques, where these tools could be used as communication channels between all discipliners and planners to achieve the public participation steps.On other side, the current methods in deciding the urban environment in Iraq still follow the centralization method, explaining this case that this public participation demands the existing of communication tools and the capability of people to use them. Here, the research problem emerged as a uncertainty of success possibility of implementing the public participation to achieve decisions in urban field, incase applied on simple Iraqi rural and urban settlements.Alchipayish City has been chosen as a study case matching research hypotheses test due to many reasons, the most important one is its being small city, like a village contains a simple society.The public participation applied by a workshop, by which many discipline issues discussed, deducting important results, used successfully in forming comprehensive urban plan for the city future, out of people decisions themselves. This experiment proved that it is possible to apply this methodology on simple societies.
Characterization of Lean Misfire Limits of Mixture Alternative Gaseous Fuels Used for Spark Ignition Engines
Authors: Chaichan Miqdam Tariq
Published: June 2022

Increasing on gaseous fuels as clean, economical and abundant fuels encourages the search for optimum conditions of gas-fueled internal combustion engines. This paper presents the experimental results on the lean operational limits of Recardo E6 engine using gasoline, LPG, NG and hydrogen as fuels. The first appearance of almost motoring cycle was used to define the engine lean limit after the fuel flow was reduced gradually. The effects of compression ratio, engine speed and spark timing on the engine operational limits are presented and discussed in detailed. Increasing compression ratio (CR) extend the lean limits, this appears obviously with hydrogen, which has a wide range of equivalence ratios, while for hydrocarbon fuel octane number affect gasoline, so it can' t work above CR=9:1, and for LPG it reaches CR=12:1, NG reaches CR=15:1 at lean limit operation. Movement from low speeds to medium speeds extended lean misfire limits, while moving from medium to high speeds contracted the lean misfiring limits. NOx, CO and UBHC concentrations increased with CR increase for all fuels, while CO2 concentrations reduced with this increment. NOx concentration increased for medium speeds and reduced for high speeds, but the resulted concentrations were inconcedrable for these lean limits. CO and CO2 increased with engine speed increase, while UBHC reduced with this increment. The hydrogen engine runs with zero CO, CO2 and UNHC concentrations, and altra low levels of NOx concentrations at studied lean misfire limits.
Comprehension of Posted Highway Traffic Signs in Iraq
Authors: Ismail Aodai Abdul-Illah
Published: June 2022

Level of posted highway traffic signs (HTSs) comprehension by drivers is used to investigate the effectiveness of the posted HTSs in Iraq. Twenty four HTSs, different characteristics of drivers, and survey with questions of short answer and multiple-choice is selected for this aim. The study results show that there is an increase in the driver comprehension process of HTSs with the increasing of his level of education, level of urbanization of his residence and driving daily practice. Inverse relation occurred with the increasing of driver number of accidents. The results of this research show that it is very important to modify some of the HTSs so as to be easy for comprehending by making it more legible and more appropriateness, also it is recommended to educate drivers to raise there ability to understand the meanings of all the HTSs.
Evaluation of Method of Line (MOL) for Solution of Soil Water Flow Equations and Comparison with Finite Element Method (FEM)
Authors: Mahammed Isam M.
Published: June 2022

The objective of this research is to evaluate Method of Line (MOL) used for solution of water flow equations through porous media using MATLAB package functions for solution of ordinary differential equations ODE,s , instead of writing long programs codes. sink & source term to MOL model were included. Then Comparing MOL model with another model that uses finite element method in solving water flow equations(FEM) in one dimensional flow using computer program code in FORTRAN. Two cases were examined for evaluation and comparison of these two models. Firstly, infiltration phenomena using sandy soil was studied with the same parameter for both models. Results show that there is a divergence between the two models along time of 60 minutes of infiltration. Changes of moisture content with soil depth were sharp with FEM model. Second case, data of the volume of water content for wheat field where used taking irrigation and evaporation into account, along the growth period of wheat crop and different depths up to 100 cm. Results show that output of FEM model has high degree of agreement with the measured data for all depths and along all period of growth. Data given by MOL model were less in values than measured data for all depths and along all period of wheat growth time.
Estimation of Wasted Thermal Energy from Gas Turbine Units in Mosul Power Station
Authors: Al-Habbo A. R. , Fathi A.Youns
Published: June 2022

The present study involve a thermal analysis of a gas turbine unit like those which are used in Mosul gas turbine power station in order to estimate the amount of thermal energy is wasted in the exhaust gases. A computer program is developed to investigate the effect of ambient temperature on the performance of the gas turbine unit including the mass flow of air, power output, thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature and the amount of wasted thermal energy (Qexh).Results indicate that mass flow of air decreases as the ambient temperature increase; this eventually affected the power out, thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption. Results show that the power output decrease by 28.5% when the temperature increased from 15 ºC to 45 ºC. However, the temperature of exhaust gases increased by nearly 0.04% as the temperature approach 45 ºC and the thermal energy expelled with exhaust decreased nearly by 0.12%. It also found that the wasted thermal energy nearly twice the produced power output of gas turbine.
Experimental Study of the Effect of Semi-Apical Angle on Initial Peak Load and Plastic Work for Nonmetallic Tubes
Authors: Albadrany Ayad Aied Mahuof , Al.-Loheiby Mohammed  Obeid
Published: June 2022

This article investigate the effect of semi-apical angle on the collapse load characteristics of thin truncated circular cones during axial crumpling .The PVC tubes axial crumpling resistance (the relation ship between crumpling force and axial deflection) is described with mathematical models, which are derived depending on previous research and experimental present work .The mathematical models for present work gave good agreement with experimental results. The study showed that the values of initial peak load and plastic work decrease with increasing the semi-apical angle degree at constant thickness tubes and constant large diameter of end bottom of tubes and constant length.
A Numerical Study on Laminar Free Convection between Vertical Flat Plates with Symmetric Heating
Authors: Jadoaa Ameer A.
Published: June 2022

The development of free convection in a viscous fluid between heated plates is investigated. The basic governing continuity, momentum, and energy equations are solved numerically by finite difference method. Results are obtained for the variations of Nusselt number, velocity, temperature, and pressure throughout the flow field assuming the fluid to enter the channel with ambient temperature and a flat velocity profile. The flow and heat-transfer characteristics of the channel are studied and a development height established. Heating plate condition is (C.W.T and C.H.F). An correlation equation has been deduced for the average Nusselt number as a function of Rayligt number. A comparison is made between the results of this theoretical investigation and theoretical work of (Bodoia, J.R 1962)[1].
FPGA Implementations of Bireciprocal Lattice Wave Discrete Wavelet Filter Banks
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Jassim M. , Al-Faydi Sama N. M.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, a special type of IIR filter banks; that is the bireciprocal lattice wave digital filter (BLWDF) bank, is presented to simulate scaling and wavelet functions of six-level wavelet transform. 1st order all-pass sections are utilized for the realization of such filter banks in wave lattice structures. The resulting structures are a bireciprocal lattice wave discrete wavelet filter banks (BLW-DWFBs). Implementation of these BLW-DWFBs are accomplished on Spartan-3E FPGA kit. Implementation complexity and operating frequency characteristics of such discrete wavelet 5th order filter bank is proved to be comparable to the corresponding characteristics of the lifting scheme implementation of Bio. 5/3 wavelet filter bank. On the other hand, such IIR filter banks possess superior band discriminations and perfect roll-off frequency characteristics when compared to their Bio. 5/3 wavelet FIR counterparts.
Effect of Initial Unit Weight and Type of Soil on Water and Nitrate Movement through Saturated- Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Khattab Suhail Adrees , Mohammed Esam Mahmoud , Jassam Mahmood Gazey
Published: June 2022

The effect of initial dry unit weight and type of soil on water and nitrate migration through saturated-unsaturated soil is experimentally investigated using laboratory one-dimensional model (40 mm diameter, 100 mm height) under various head boundary. The results were compared with the numerical results by using packages of finite element name SEEPW and CTRAN of GEOSLOPE software.The results show that the initial dry unit weight has a significant effect on the transport process of water and contaminant through saturated-unsaturated soils, Nitrate concentration more sensitive than water flow to change in initial dry unit weight due to variation in mechanical dispersion that affected by porosity and void ratio which depended on dry unit weight of soil. Water content and nitrate concentration was highly affected by soil type and water application boundary conditions.
Influence of Ausforming Treatment of 0.4wt%C Steel Modified With Nb on the Microstructure and Hardness Properties
Authors: Kadhum Hiam Razzak
Published: June 2022

In the present work the relationship between the microstructure and the hardness of the Steel both with and without an addition of niobium was studied. Investigation by direct observation using optical microscopy was carried out.The purpose of this work was to analyze the effects of the low thermomechanical treatment of ausforming on the final microstructure and hardness of steel and of the same steel modified with niobium.It was found that the deformation during low thermomechamical treatment of ausforming introduces changes in the microstructure, such as carbide precipitation, which affect the hardness of the steel.The results show that the mechanical properties of the ausformed Steel depend on the deformation temperature, amount of deformation. The addition of niobium lead to change in the hardness of the Steels investigated.
An Experimental Study to Show the Effect of Time of Opening and Closing the Solenoid Valve on Effectiveness of Finned Cross Flow Heat Exchanger
Authors: Farhan Saad S.
Published: June 2022

In this research an experimental study was carried out to show the effect of time ofopening and closing the solenoid valve on the effectiveness of finned cross flow heatexchanger, which has changed the time of opening and closing the solenoid valve (2, 4,6 sec.) with change the mass flow rate of water each time and the range values between(0.027-0.0816 kg/s) with constant of mass flow rate of air at (0.032 kg/s).The results obtained from experiment works that the decreasing in the time of openingand closing the solenoid valve from (6 sec.) to (2 sec.) leads to increase internal heattransfer coefficient (hi) the highest increase was by (18.37%) at mass flow rate of water(0.027 kg/s) and increase the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) and the highestpercentage of increase (7.36%) at mass flow rate of water (0.027 kg/s).The experimental results obtained show that the increasing both the number of unitstransmitted (NTU) and effectiveness of the finned heat exchanger when decrease thetime of opening and closing the solenoid valve from (6 sec.) to (2 sec.) and the highestpercentage of the increase occurring is (8.4%) and (1.74%) respectively at mass flowrate of water (0.027 kg/s).
Morphologic Characteristics of Tigris River with at Mosul City
Authors: Othman Khaleel , Bilal Adel Ali , Sulaman Yarob Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

In this research work the morphologic and bed material characteristic for 21 km of Tigris River at Mosul city were studied. Seventy seven cross sections were established on this reach. These cross sections were surveyed. Water surface levels were measured at each section and samples of surface and subsurface of bed material were collected. The concentration of the suspended loads was measured at different time periods.The results show that the river at the studied reach have a different morphology and includes three different shapes (meander part, braided part and straight part), also the rivers contents different bars. The sinuosity of river was 1.3 and bed slope was equal to 5*10-4, the deepest part was extending beside the right bank from upstream of Ninevah Bridge to downstream of Al-Horriya Bridge. The bed of Tigris River at the studied reach is distinguished in two layers surface and subsurface The D50 of these layers was equal to 32 mm and 13 mm respectively .The river bed are approached the armoring condition. The surface bed material particles have mainly a disc shape ,then blade, spherical, cylindrical with percentage 50%, 20%, 18% and 12% respectively.. The concentration of suspended load was in rage of 6-30ppm during the whole year except the rain fall periods where the suspended concentration may increased over 3000ppm.
Study the Effect of Magnesium and Zinc Additions on Thermal Properties of Pure Aluminum
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed S.
Published: June 2022

This research, a practical study was achieved to demonstrate the effect of addingMagnesium and Zinc elements on the thermal properties of pure Aluminum. Theseproperties are: the quality thermal capacity (Cv), the thermal conductivity coefficient(k), and the thermal diffusion coefficient ( ). Seven metal ingots were manufactured bychanging the percentages of adding Magnesium and Zinc on the pure Aluminum, andthese ratios were: (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%).The obtained results showed that increasing the percentages of adding Magnesium andZinc to the pure Aluminum causes a decrease in the ingot density by (10.7%), adecrease in the thermal conductivity coefficient by (8.1%), an increase in the qualitythermal capacity by (4.8%), as well as a decrease in the thermal diffusion coefficient by(1.9%). As for Zinc, the density increases by (49.2%), as the density of Zinc(7.13)kg/m3 is higher than the density of Aluminum (2.7) kg/m3, and higher than thedensity of Magnesium (1.74) kg/m3, as well as decreasing the thermal specifications (Cv,k, ).During this study, it was found that the best addition is (30% Mg) to the pureAluminum, which gave the highest thermal properties (Cv, k, ). As for Zinc, itsaddition to pure Aluminum led to deterioration of the thermal properties during allratios.
Adsorption of Lead and Chromium from Aqueous Solutions by Using Syrian Sand- Kinetic Study
Authors: Hwwa Nuha
Published: June 2022

In this research study the effectiveness of removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using sand in the area of Syrian villages and Alpedrosia. Aqueous solutions were used for each of the anthropogenic ions chromium and lead concentrations in (5-100) mg / l .and at pH = 4.5 and constant temperature T = 30oC was to determine the concentration of lead and chromium ions remaining in solution The results showed that the contact time between the ion solution is artificial and community sandy studied and the 24-hour enough “to reach a concentration equilibrium. It was found that removal majority of the ions of lead and chromium being staged on the sandy be within 6 hours the first time to seek, and that the increase in ions adsorbed slightly up to 24 hours, And conclude that the sand Alpedrosia very effective adsorption better than the sand villages, and that the selective media sand studied for ions lead better than Bcward chrome and matches the equation curve adsorption of ions chromium and lead on the sandy Alpedrosia and villages with the equivalent to the Longmuir’s theory.
Hardware Implementation of 3D-Bresenham’s Algorithm Using FPGA
Authors: Kamal Younis Basma Mohammed , Mohammed Sheet Ne’am Salim
Published: June 2022

Traditional 3D-Bresenham’s algorithm is efficient in generating lines on raster systems using only integer calculations. This algorithm is needed as a solution of hidden surface problem using depth-buffer method to calculate z value for each pixel, while calculated values of x and y are used to address frame buffer memory, z value is used to test hidden surface by saving the closest depth in depth buffer. In this paper Bresenham’s algorithm for plotting 3D-lines is examined then modified to simplify hardware requirements during implementation phase. Basing on efficiency of the algorithm on the space symmetry an enhanced version of this algorithm is implemented using OpenGL. Experimental results confirm results calculated theoretically for both traditional and modified algorithms. The hardware implementation is accomplished for real time applications, and a graphic sub-system is designed using FPGA. Finally, a comparison is accomplished for Spartan3E utilization which is used to implement the hardware unit.
Vertical Forced Vibration Effect on Natural Convective Performance of Longitudinal Fin Heat Sinks
Authors: Sarhan Abdalhamid Rafea
Published: June 2022

This paper reports an experimental study for the effect of forced vertical vibrations on natural convection heat transfer, by the use of longitudinally finned plate made from Aluminum with dimensions (100, 300 and 3 mm). The sample of test was heated under the condition of a constant heat flux which is generated by applying an alternating voltage on a fixed resistor mounted on the underside of the sample test which was located horizontally or inclined in multiple angles at a range of (30°,60oand 90°). An experimental set-up was constructed and calibrated, 16 sets of fin-arrays were tested in atmosphere. Fin length, fin thicknesses and fin height were fixed at 300 mm, 3 mm and 13 mm respectively. The base-to-ambient temperature difference was also varied independently and systematically with the power supply to the heater ranging from 250 W/m2 to 1500W/m2. The frequency was varied at (0, 2, 6, 10 and 16 Hz) and the amplitude wain the range of (1.63-7.16 mm).The relation between the heat transfer coefficient and the amplitude of vibration is directly proportional with the inclination angle from (0o, 30o, 60o).Results show that the heat transfer coefficients of the heated plate in (30o) angle are about (19.27%) greater than those for the (60o) and exceeds that of the (90o) by (31.4%).
Studying Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Different Lengths of FRP Strips by Using NSM Technique
Authors: Bayar Jaafar  Al-Sulayfani  , Ro’aa S. M.  Zaidan
Published: June 2022

This research includes practical results of study the behavior of the reinforced concrete beams strengthening by carbon fiber strips using near surface mounting (NSM) technique. The study is carried out on (8) concrete beams, the variables which considered are (the length of CFRP strips, no. of CFRP layers), this established by dividing the practical program into two groups, the first one includes (3) beams strengthened with variable carbon fiber strips length and one strip, Second group of this study includes (3) beams which strengthened with variable carbon fiber strips length and two strips, as well as two control beams . The results indicated that the carbon fibers had a noticeable effect in increasing the bearing capacity of the near surface mounting (NSM) strengthened technique reinforced beams, , the results indicated that strengthening the beams with carbon fibers and not along the length of the beam and in one layer did not contribute to increasing the beams strength, but when the number of layers was increased for the same length of fibers an increase in beam strength was noticed at a rate range (34%-55%).
Study of the Flexural Behavior of Ferrocement Element Subjected to Heating Conditions by High Degrees of Temperature
Authors: Jouma Muyasr M.
Published: June 2022

The research study has performed to investigate the ferrocement beam element which is subjected to rise of temperature under different flexural loads. The experimental program includes a ferrocement beams fabricated of cement mortar contained varying number of layers (or variable volume fraction ratio) of steel welded wire mesh of square openings (4, 6, and 8 layers). Four groups of beams were studied ; all beams have the same dimensions, and exposed to three temperature rates namely ( 333°C, 453 °C and 600°C) and compared to the control ferrocement beams (reference group) without exposing to temperature rate. The main three parameters of the ferrocement beams (mix ratio, number of steel wire mesh layers and rising of temperature degree) as a structural performance parameters used for comparing ultimate flexure failure load and load- deflection relations . Throughout this study, the properties of ferrocement elements subjected to heating conditions are very important for structural stability, structural behavior and durability.