bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF BENGOH DAM CONSTRUCTION ON SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION IN THE SARAWAK KIRI RIVER
Authors: Mersal Mohd. Elfy , Kuok King Kuok , Chiu Po Chan , Rahman Md. Rezaur , Bakri Muhammad Khusairy Bin , Chin Mei Yun
Published: September 2022

The Bengoh Dam was constructed to secure reliable raw water supply to Kuching and its surrounding areas until 2030. However, the changes in river morphology along the Sarawak Kiri River after the Bengoh Dam construction remain unknown. This research was conducted to study the impact of Bengoh Dam construction on erosion and sedimentation along the Sarawak Kiri River using InfoWorks River Simulation (RS). The novelty is to identify and predict the short- and long-term geomorphology changes along the Sarawak Kiri River over the course of a year. Two scenarios were created, namely, a) with Bengoh Dam b) without Bengoh dam. The model with the Bengoh Dam scenario will be further investigated for ten years of simulation. The five locations selected for comparison and discussion are Bengoh Dam, Bengoh, Danu, Git Village and Batu Kitang. After the dam was built, sediment transport would be hindered, resulting in riverbed alterations. These changes are influenced by the location and proximity to the Bengoh Dam. Simulation results revealed that a huge amount of sediment will be accumulated behind Bengoh Dam. Both scenarios showed that there would be erosion at Bengoh, immediately after the Bengoh Dam, due to a phenomenon known as “Hungry Water.” It is novel to discover that the sedimentation rate at Danu, Git and Batu Kitang, which are located downstream of the Bengoh Dam, has drastically decreased. The capacity of the Batu Kitang Submersible Weir (BKSW) reservoir is unaffected by the constructed Bengoh Dam; hence no dredging must ensure the security of Kuching’s water supply.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SHARIA AND CONVENTIONAL BANKS WITH MAQASHID SHARIA: CASE STUDY OF INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA IN 2016-2020
Authors: Mursyid  , Candra Alias , Lamtana  , Saputra Yahya
Published: September 2022

This study examines the 2016-2020 performance of Islamic and conventional banks in Indonesia and Malaysia that were chosen using the Maqashid Sharia methodology. The data analysis technique employed the simple additive weighting method (SAW) in the weighing process, as well as an aggregation and sampling technique with purposive sampling and data sources from each bank’s annual report. Imam Abu Zahrah’s Maqashid Sharia approach as a measuring tool and by adding the Salah variable as a new-Sharia goal, in addition to Tahdzib al-Fard, Iqamah al-’All, and Jalb al-Maslahah are novel aspects of this research. The Maqashid Sharia approach is a novel method for measuring performance. Financial ratio approaches, such as return on asset (ROA), return on equity (ROE), etc., have dominated banks’ performance measurement methods. The study reveals the following Maqashid Syariah Index (IMS) rankings for Islamic and conventional banks in Indonesia and Malaysia: With a score of 0.281348, Bank Muamalat Malaysia Berhad occupies the first place. Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad was in second place with a score of 0.249451. Bank Negara Indonesia Syariah ranks third with a score of 0.213718. Hong Leong Bank Berhad ranked it fourth with a score of 0.192773. Maybank Islamic Berhad was ranked fifth with a score of 0.191428. RHB Bank Berhad was ranked sixth with a score of 0.190791. The Sharia National Pension Savings ranked seventh with a score of 0.165967. With a score of 0.156738, Bank Syariah Mandiri occupies the eighth position. The ninth position is held by Affin Islamic Bank Berhad, followed by Bank Rakyat Indonesia in tenth place with a score of 0.055160.
APPLYING AI FOR TIMELY INPUT TO A SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
Authors: Rizk Dalia Kamal A. A. , Hosny Hoda M. , El-Horbaty El-Sayed M. , Salem Abdel-Badeeh M.
Published: September 2022

Smart healthcare systems play a vital role in people's everyday lives and hence, healthcare systems are expected to continue to improve and advance. AI and IoT techniques are employed in the prescription of medicine and in setting the different actions and procedures that need to be followed by patients by the health service providers. These technologies, along with ML algorithms, form a reliable and concrete platform because of their high processing performance. Meanwhile, it is important to maintain accurate input data for these new technologies to ensure that they will give us the desired output at the right time. In the healthcare industry, the most popular means to ensure the correctness of input data is to collect them through surveys and questionnaires that are completed by field specialists. In this paper, we report on the results of a questionnaire that was used in Egypt to collect the needed input data for our intended emergency healthcare system. Our aim is to offer the on-site emergency physicians a simple yet smart tool. This tool should speed up the process by which they can view historical data saved on the Cloud and ultimately determine the best procedures required for treating any emergency case patient timely. The novelty of our research lies in the use the applicable AI algorithms for healthcare within our tool at various levels to speed up the process of saving the life of an emergency case by displaying the appropriate data required for each physician specialization-based on our collected questionnaire.
OPERATIONAL RISKS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE – THE CONTEXT OF THE JORDANIAN BANKING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kaddumi Thair , Al-Kilani Qais Adib
Published: September 2022

The 2008 financial crisis and the eruption of the COVID-19 pandemic have forced banks in Jordan to change their operation pattern. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to examine the impact of operations risk measured by the capital that commercial banks must hold to cover operational risk exposure on listed Jordanian commercial banks performance, represented in two dependent variables: earning per share (EPS) and stock market value (MV). The study used a panel data methodology constructed from the financial statements of all 13 commercial banks listed at Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) for the period 2006-2019. Based on regression analysis, the results explored a significant positive impact on EPS and MV as a proxy of the financial performance. Also, the results, indicated that operational risks, have more explanation power on EPS than on MV. These results contributed to the current literature by providing a roper understanding of the impact of operational risk on financial performance in emerging markets, which could draw some recommendations to banks’ management toward improving the analysis of operational risk.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK TO IMPROVE DECISION-MAKING BASED ON BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Hassanein Mohamed Sameh , Elfar Mohamed Hamed , Zaied Abdel Nasser H.
Published: September 2022

This article introduces a business intelligence framework to manage water resources, relying on a design science research methodology, data warehousing platform, and Power BI visualization. This framework consists of three phases. The data preprocessing phase comprises the core functions to validate, clean, transform, aggregate, and load data for the next phase. The processing phase includes the warehousing platform that organizes the data, builds a relationship among these data, and exports them in an appropriate format. Finally, the visualization phase generates descriptive reports for data after integrating the exported warehousing platform with the Power BI interface throughout multi-filters. For validating the performance of this framework, a heuristic evaluation was conducted, showing users' feedback regarding the framework, and a usability evaluation was conducted to determine any major issues such as visibility, flexibility, learnability, and operability. The results indicated that the tool allows for improved decision-making and transforming raw data into useful information. In addition, the dashboards provide a good way to visualize data and identify trends. These aspects align directly with the requirements for a BI tool to support strategic water resources management in Egypt. For example, agriculture consumes 46.49 billion cubic meters of water annually, accounting for nearly 60% of Egypt's total water consumption. Therefore, it is the first area of rationalization and consideration. AlShirkia governorate consumes the most water in agriculture, with an annual consumption value of approximately 4 billion 631 million cubic meters, 8 million people, 1.5 million acres, and 11.3 million tons of production.
Se avete avuto (o portato) pazienza, vi diamo la risposta
Authors: D'Achille Paolo
Published: September 2022

Sono arrivati alcuni quesiti sull’alternativa tra avere pazienza e portare pazienza. Quale espressione è più corretta?
Hak Perkawinan Bagi Kaum LGBT : Legalitas Dalam Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Novita Olga
Published: September 2022

Tantangan-tantangan dari era globalisasi mulai mengancam baik dari keamanan negara, pergeseran pada nilai kehidupan atau sosial, masuknya budaya asing, hedonisme, dan keterbukaan jaringan informasi. Hal membawa isu tentang homoseksual atau saat ini lebih disebut sebagai LGBT semakin tersiar. Keberadaan pembahasan LGBT sudah berpengaruh pada konstelasi dunia. Mencuatnya fenomena LGBT di Indonesia erat kaitannya dengan kecenderungan negara-negara barat untuk secara bebas mengakui dan menduduki komunitas LGBT di masyarakat. Meningkatnya pembicaraan terkait hal ini di Indonesia dimulai ketika keluarnya pernyataan Mahkamah Agung Amerika pada tahun 2016 tepatnya tanggal 26 Juni yang melegalkan pernikahan sesama jenis di 50 negara bagian AS karena alasan hak asasi manusia. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mencoba menilik bagaimana keberadaan LGBT dipandang dalam hukum positif Indonesia terkait ke legalitasannya, juga pemenuhan hak yang dituntut oleh mereka terkait perkawinan sesama jenis. Hal ini memang menjadi persoalan bagi HAM sebagai hak yang kemelekatannya intim pada setiap manusia, namun bagaimana dengan persoalan hukum dan agama sebagai landasan dasar Indonesia dalam bernegara. Terkait hal tersebut dalam pembahasan ini akan membahas bagaimana perspektif terkait sisi pro dengan HAM sebagai tameng dan kontra dengan mengedepankan hukum dan agama.
The Performance Parameter Analysis and Calibration Methodology for the
Industrial Robot
Authors: Shinde Ravindra , Ohol S.S.
Published: September 2022

The article’s primary purpose is to present a new robot calibration system proposed to improve the positional accuracy and repeatability of the ABB IRB 1520ID industrial robot having six degrees of freedom. Various calibration methods of articulated industrial robots are discussed. A new calibration technique is proposed, using a five Linear Variable differential Transformer (LVDT) probe and a master tool designed for varying payload capacity during experimentation. Analysis of different robot parameters and internal or external factors affecting the performance of the robot was done. The planning,
execution, and experimentation set up all the stages are mentioned in detail. Finally, after the experimental setup, statistical tools and formulae to evaluate the positional accuracy and repeatability are also described in detail.
Multipl Sklerozlu Hastalarda Servikal Spinal Kord Atrofisinin Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme ile Değerlendirilmesi:
Authors: AKÇİÇEK Mehmet , ILGAR Mehtap , ÜNLÜ Serkan
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Multipl skleroz (MS), beyin ve spinal kord (SK) demiyelinizasyon ve nörodejenerasyona yol açan inflamatuar bir hastalığıdır. MS hastalarında servikal kord atrofisi ile maluliyet arasındaki ilişki gösterilmiştir.
Yöntemler: Muayeneler MR-Philips Medical System 1.5 tesla cihazı ile sagital ve aksiyel planda T1-WI ve T2-WI ile yapıldı. Görüntüler deneyimli iki radyolog tarafından hastane görüntü arşiv sistemi aracılığıyla değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: C3 vertebra seviyesinden sagital düzlem ölçümünde MS grubundaki hastaların ortalama SK ölçümü 7,3 ± 0,7 milimetre (mm), kontrol grubunun ortalaması ise 8,3 ± 0,6 idi. C6 vertebra seviyesinden sagital düzlem ölçümünde MS grubundaki hastaların ortalama SK ölçümü 6.9 ± 0.7 mm, kontrol grubunun ortalaması 7.8 ± 0.5 idi. Tüm seviyelerde yapılan ölçümlerde MS grubu hastalarda kontrol grubuna göre SK kalınlıkları daha düşüktü ve bu azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı.
Sonuç: Günlük pratikte MS hastalarında servikal omurilik ölçümleri iki boyutlu konvansiyonel MRG ile kolay ve hızlı bir şekilde yapılabilmektedir.
Introduction: The Impact of (COVID)-19 on Cultural Tourism
Authors: Wallace Claire , Chen Xiaoqing , Garrison Stephanie , Shaddock John
Published: September 2022

The coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-2) has been disastrous for cultural tourism worldwide as many cultural tourist venues are concentrated in cities and have had to close along with tourismrelated facilities such as hospitality businesses and hotels. There has been a widespread fear
of travel and social contact. The comparative research drawn upon in this article suggests that new trends might be emerging with rural and natural attractions becoming more prominent and a rise in domestic tourism due to the problems of foreign travel. This is associated with increased use
of individualized travel and self-catering facilities. There has been a resultant rediscovery of more local scenery and attractions. The greater use of information technology can enhance tourism under these conditions and this is likely a permanent shift. Our research shows how these shifts
emerged over the course of different lockdowns. Comparative research suggests that new trends and directions might emerge instead of a postpandemic reset to what existed before.
Penentuan potensi lokasi Rumah Sakit Kelas A di Kota Palangka Raya menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process dan Sistem Informasi Geografis
Authors: Arundhati Govinda , Permana Indrawan , Segah Hendrik
Published: September 2022

Rumah sakit memiliki fungsi penting bagi masyarakat, sehingga lokasinya harus memenuhi kriteria dan peraturan yang berlaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan menetukan lokasi Rumah Sakit Kelas A di Kota Palangka Raya. Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) digunakan untuk menentukan tingkat kepentingan kriteria lokasi rumah sakit, dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) untuk menentukan potensi lokasi yang optimal. Sebanyak 30 responden yang terdiri dari Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) Pemprov Kalimantan Tengah yaitu Dinas Kesehatan, RSUD Dr. Doris Sylvanus, Dinas Perencanaan Fisik dan Pekerjaan Umum, Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah, Penelitian dan Pengembangan, serta ahli/ahli di bidang kesehatan dan perencanaan fisik dipilih secara purposive. Hasil analisis menggunakan AHP menunjukkan bahwa kriteria terpenting dalam menentukan lokasi rumah sakit adalah fungsi jalan (28,50%), kepadatan penduduk (21,96%), tata guna lahan (14,78%), jarak ke TPA (9,29%), kerawanan kebakaran hutan dan hutan (8,71%), kerawanan banjir (7,68%), tingkat kebisingan (4,73%), dan tingkat pencemaran (4,35%). Hasil analisis spasial menggunakan SIG menunjukkan besarnya potensi lokasi pembangunan RS Kelas A di setiap kecamatan Kota Palangka Raya, yaitu Bukit Batu (2.842,06 ha), Jekan Raya (1.528,47 ha), Pahandut (960,75 ha), Sabangau (819,54 ha), dan Rakumpit (2.774,70 ha).
ACCESS: Confirmation of a Clear Atmosphere for WASP-96b and a Comparison of Light Curve Detrending Techniques
Authors: McGruder Chima D. , López-Morales Mercedes , Kirk James , Espinoza Néstor , Rackham Benjamin V. , Alam Munazza K. , Allen Natalie , Nikolov Nikolay , Weaver Ian C. , Ortiz Ceballos Kevin , Osip David J. , Apai Dániel , Jordán Andrés , Fortney Jonathan J.
Published: September 2022

One of the strongest Na i features was observed in WASP-96b. To confirm this novel detection, we provide a new 475–825 nm transmission spectrum obtained with Magellan/IMACS, which indeed confirms the presence of a broad sodium absorption feature. We find the same result when reanalyzing the 400–825 nm VLT/FORS2 data. We also utilize synthetic data to test the effectiveness of two common detrending techniques: (1) a Gaussian processes (GP) routine, and (2) common-mode correction followed by polynomial correction (CMC+Poly). We find that both methods poorly reproduce the absolute transit depths but maintain their true spectral shape. This emphasizes the importance of fitting for offsets when combining spectra from different sources or epochs. Additionally, we find that, for our data sets, both methods give consistent results, but CMC+Poly is more accurate and precise. We combine the Magellan/IMACS and VLT/FORS2 spectra with literature 800–1644 nm HST/WFC3 spectra, yielding a global spectrum from 400 to 1644 nm. We used the PLATON and Exoretrievals retrieval codes to interpret this spectrum, and find that both yield relatively deeper pressures where the atmosphere is optically thick at log-pressures between

1.3

−
1.1

+
1.0

and

0.29

−
2.02

+
1.86

bars, respectively. Exoretrievals finds solar to supersolar Na i and H2O log-mixing ratios of

−

5.4

−
1.9

+
2.0

and

−

4.5

−
2.0

+
2.0

, respectively, while PLATON finds an overall metallicity of

log

10

(
Z

/

Z

⊙

)
=
−

0.49

−
0.37

+
1.0

dex. Therefore, our findings are in agreement with the literature and support the inference that the terminator of WASP-96b has few aerosols obscuring prominent features in the optical to near-infrared (near-IR) spectrum.
The Rapid Rotation of the Strongly Magnetic Ultramassive White Dwarf EGGR 156
Authors: Williams Kurtis A. , Hermes J. J. , Vanderbosch Zachary P.
Published: September 2022

The distribution of white dwarf rotation periods provides a means for constraining angular momentum evolution during the late stages of stellar evolution, as well as insight into the physics and remnants of double degenerate mergers. Although the rotational distribution of low-mass white dwarfs is relatively well constrained via asteroseismology, that of high-mass white dwarfs, which can arise from either intermediate-mass stellar evolution or white dwarf mergers, is not. Photometric variability in white dwarfs due to rotation of a spotted star is rapidly increasing the sample size of high-mass white dwarfs with measured rotation periods. We present the discovery of 22.4 minute photometric variability in the light curve of EGGR 156, a strongly magnetic, ultramassive white dwarf. We interpret this variability as rapid rotation, and our data suggest that EGGR 156 is the remnant of a double degenerate merger. Finally, we calculate the rate of period change in rapidly-rotating, massive, magnetic WDs due to magnetic dipole radiation. In many cases, including EGGR 156, the period change is not currently detectable over reasonable timescales, indicating that these WDs could be very precise clocks. For the most highly-magnetic, rapidly-rotating massive WDs, such as ZTF J1901+1450 and RE J0317−853, the period change should be detectable and may help constrain the structure and evolution of these exotic white dwarfs.
Revisit of Open Clusters UPK 39, UPK 41, and PHOC 39: A New Binary Open Cluster Found
Authors: Ye Xianhao , Zhao Jingkun , Oswalt Terry D. , Yang Yong , Zhao Gang
Published: September 2022

We investigate the three open clusters near the Aquila Rift cloud, named UPK 39 (c1 hereafter), UPK 41 (c2 hereafter) in Sim et al. (2019), and PHOC 39 (c3 hereafter) in Hunt & Reffert (2021). Using photometric passpands, reddening, and extinction from Gaia DR3, we construct the color-absolute-magnitude diagram. Using isochrone fits, their ages are estimated as 6.3 ± 0.9, 8.1 ± 1.4 and 21.8 ± 2.2 Myr. Their proper motions and radial velocities, estimated using data from Gaia and LAMOST, are very similar. From their orbits, relative distances among them at different times, kinematics, ages, and metallicities, we conclude that c1 and c2 are primordial binary open cluster, which are likely to have been formed at the same time, and c3 may capture c1, c2 in the future.
KODIAQ-Z: Metals and Baryons in the Cool Intergalactic and Circumgalactic Gas at 2.2 ≲ z ≲ 3.6
Authors: Lehner Nicolas , Kopenhafer Claire , O’Meara John M. , Howk J. Christopher , Fumagalli Michele , Prochaska J. Xavier , Acharyya Ayan , O’Shea Brian W. , Peeples Molly S. , Tumlinson Jason , Hummels Cameron B.
Published: September 2022

We present the KODIAQ-Z survey aimed to characterize the cool, photoionized gas at 2.2 ≲ z ≲ 3.6 in 202 H i-selected absorbers with 14.6 ≤

log

N

H

I

< 20 that probe the interface between galaxies and the intergalactic medium (IGM). We find that gas with

14.6
≤
log

N

H

I

<
20

at 2.2 ≲ z ≲ 3.6 can be metal-rich (−1.6 ≲ [X/H] ≲ − 0.2) as seen in damped Lyα absorbers (DLAs); it can also be very metal-poor ([X/H] < − 2.4) or even pristine ([X/H] < − 3.8), which is not observed in DLAs but is common in the IGM. For

16
<
log

N

H

I

<
20

absorbers, the frequency of pristine absorbers is about 1%–10%, while for

14.6
≤
log

N

H

I

≤
16

absorbers it is 10%–20%, similar to the diffuse IGM. Supersolar gas is extremely rare (<1%) at these redshifts. The factor of several thousand spread from the lowest to highest metallicities and large metallicity variations (a factor of a few to >100) between absorbers separated by less than Δv < 500 km s−1 imply that the metals are poorly mixed in

14.6
≤
log

N

H

I

<
20

gas. We show that these photoionized absorbers contribute to about 14% of the cosmic baryons and 45% of the cosmic metals at 2.2 ≲ z ≲ 3.6. We find that the mean metallicity increases with N
H i
, consistent with what is found in z < 1 gas. The metallicity of gas in this column density regime has increased by a factor ∼8 from 2.2 ≲ z ≲ 3.6 to z < 1, but the contribution of the

14.6
≤
log

N

H

I

<
19

absorbers to the total metal budget of the universe at z < 1 is a quarter of that at 2.2 ≲ z ≲ 3.6. We show that FOGGIE cosmological zoom-in simulations have a similar evolution of [X/H] with N
H i
, which is not observed in lower-resolution simulations. In these simulations, very metal-poor absorbers with [X/H] < − 2.4 at z ∼ 2–3 are tracers of inflows, while higher-metallicity absorbers are a mixture of inflows and outflows.
Testing Model-determined Temperatures in the Hyades: A Bayesian Approach
Authors: Jeffery Elizabeth J. , Taylor Benjamin J. , Joner Michael D.
Published: September 2022

Gains in our understanding of stellar evolution over the last century are largely due to improvements in stellar models. One key aspect in the use of these models is a reliable transformation between theoretical values (such as luminosity and temperature) to observable quantities (such as magnitude and color). To assess the current state of this transformation, we sought to compare model-determined temperatures from color–magnitude diagram fitting to temperatures obtained from photometric colors or spectroscopy. Our sample for analysis was 88 nonbinary stars in the Hyades open star cluster. By applying a sophisticated Bayesian algorithm we fit five widely available model sets to high-quality photometric data combined with Gaia parallaxes. This analysis provides specific feedback for improving temperature–color transformations, as well as practical guidance for using results based on these models.
Characterization of the Fireballs Detected by All-sky Cameras in Romania
Authors: Boaca Ioana , Gritsevich Maria , Birlan Mirel , Nedelcu Alin , Boaca Tudor , Colas François , Malgoyre Adrien , Zanda Brigitte , Vernazza Pierre
Published: September 2022

Some of the fields of research that have captured the persistent interest of both scientists and the general public are meteor phenomena. The main goal in the study of meteoroid impacts into Earth’s atmosphere is the recovery of the remnant matter after the ablation in the form of meteorites. This is a complementary approach, yet cheap alternative, to a sample return mission. Meteoroids are messengers since the time of the formation of the solar system due to the fact that they have preserved the same composition. The study of meteorites provides information regarding the chemical composition from which the planets formed. The increasing number of all-sky camera networks in recent years has resulted in a large set of events available for study. Thus, it is very important to use a method that determines whether the meteoroid could produce a meteorite or not. In this paper we study the meteors detected by the FRIPON network in Romania with the use of all-sky cameras. We focus on the events with noticeable deceleration (V

f
/V
0 < 0.8). We determine the ballistic coefficient α and the mass-loss parameter β for the selected sample. Based on this analysis the events are classified in three categories: (1) meteoroids that are likely to produce meteorites; (2) meteoroids that can possibly produce meteorites; (3) meteoroids that are unlikely to produce meteorites. The entry and final mass are determined for each event. From the recorded fireballs, we identified one possible meteorite dropper, and we analyzed its dynamical evolution.
Deep Two-phase, Hemispherical Magma Oceans on Lava Planets
Authors: Boukaré Charles-Édouard , Cowan Nicolas B. , Badro James
Published: September 2022

Astronomers have discovered a handful of exoplanets with rocky bulk compositions but orbiting that orbit so close to their host star that the surface of the planet must be at least partially molten. It is expected that the dayside of such “lava planets” harbors a rock-vapor atmosphere that flows quickly toward the airless nightside—this partial atmosphere is critical to the interpretation of lava planet observations, but transports negligible heat toward the nightside. As a result, the surface temperature of the magma ocean may range from 3000 K near the substellar point down to 1500 K near the day–night terminator. We use simple models incorporating the thermodynamics and geochemistry of partial melt to predict the physical and chemical properties of the magma ocean as a function of the distance from the substellar point. Our principal findings are that: (1) the dayside magma ocean is much deeper than previously thought, probably extending down to the core–mantle boundary below the substellar point of an Earth-sized planet; (2) much of the dayside is only partially molten, leading to gradients in the surface chemistry of the magma ocean; and (3) the temperature at the base of the silicate mantle is as important as the surface temperature. In the most extreme cases, lava planet interiors could be cold enough such that thermal stratification below the substellar point is gravitationally stable. These findings have important implications for the dynamics of the magma ocean, as well as the composition and dynamics of the atmosphere.
A Nonlocal Magneto-curvature Instability in a Differentially Rotating Disk
Authors: Ebrahimi Fatima , Pharr Matthew
Published: September 2022

A global mode is shown to be unstable to nonaxisymmetric perturbations in a differentially rotating Keplerian disk containing either vertical or azimuthal magnetic fields. In an unstratified cylindrical disk model, using both global eigenvalue stability analysis and linear global initial-value simulations, it is demonstrated that this instability dominates at strong magnetic fields where local standard magnetorotational instability (MRI) becomes stable. Unlike the standard MRI mode, which is concentrated in the high flow shear region, these distinct global modes (with low azimuthal mode numbers) are extended in the global domain and are Alfvén-continuum-driven unstable modes. As its mode structure and relative dominance over MRI are inherently determined by the global spatial curvature as well as the flow shear in the presence of a magnetic field, we call it the magneto-curvature (magneto-spatial-curvature) instability. Consistent with the linear analysis, as the field strength is increased in the nonlinear simulations, a transition from MRI-driven turbulence to a state dominated by global nonaxisymmetric modes is obtained. This global instability could therefore be a source of nonlinear transport in accretion disks at a higher magnetic field than predicted by local models.
Exoplanet Radio Transits as a Probe for Exoplanetary Magnetic Fields—Time-dependent MHD Simulations
Authors: Hazra Soumitra , Cohen Ofer , Sokolov Igor V.
Published: September 2022

We perform a series of time-dependent magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the HD 189733 star–planet system in order to predict radio transit modulations due to the interaction between the stellar wind and planetary magnetic field. The simulation combines a model for the stellar corona and wind with an exoplanet that is orbiting the star in a fully dynamic, time-dependent manner. Our simulations generate synthetic radio images that enable us to obtain synthetic radio light curves in different frequencies. We find a clear evidence for the planetary motion in the radio light curves. Moreover, we find specific repeated features in the light curves that are attributed to the passage of the planetary magnetosphere in front of the star during transit. More importantly, we find a clear dependence in magnitude and phase of these light-curve features on the strength of the planetary magnetic field. Our work demonstrates that if radio transits could be observed, they could indeed provide information about the magnetic field strength of the transiting exoplanet. Future work to parameterize these light-curve features and their dependence on the planetary field strength would provide tools to search for these features in radio observation data sets. As we only consider the thermal radio emission from the host star for our study, very sensitive radio interferometers are necessary to detect these kinds of planetary transits in radio.
The Ultraviolet C ii Lines as a Diagnostic of κ-distributed Electrons in Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Yao Zheng-Wei , Zhang Yong
Published: September 2022

Non-Maxwellian κ electron energy distributions (EEDs) have been proposed in recent years to resolve the so-called “electron temperature and abundance discrepancy problem” in the study of planetary nebulae (PNs). Thus the need to develop diagnostic tools to determine from observations the EED of PNs is raised. Arising from high-energy levels, the ultraviolet (UV) emission lines from PNs present intensities that depend sensitively on the high-energy tail of the EED. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of using the C ii]λ2326/C ii
λ1335 intensity ratios as a diagnostic of the deviation of the EED from the Maxwellian distribution (as represented by the κ index). We use a Maxwellian decomposition approach to derive the theoretical κ-EED-based collisionally excited coefficients of C ii, and then compute the C ii UV intensity ratio as a function of the κ index. We analyze the archival spectra acquired by the International Ultraviolet Explorer and measure the intensities of C ii UV lines from 12 PNs. By comparing the observed line ratios and the theoretical predictions, we can infer their κ values. With the Maxwellian-EED hypothesis, the observed C ii]λ2326/C ii
λ1335 ratios are found to be generally lower than those predicted from the observed optical spectra. This discrepancy can be explained in terms of the κ EED. Our results show that the κ values inferred range from 15 to infinity, suggesting a mild or modest deviation from the Maxwellian distribution. However, the κ-distributed electrons are unlikely to exist throughout the whole nebulae. A toy model shows that if just about 1%–5% of the free electrons in a PN had a κ EED as small as κ = 3, it would be sufficient to account for the observations.
A Supercritical Accretion Disk with Radiation-driven Outflows
Authors: Cao Xinwu , Gu Wei-Min
Published: September 2022

Outflows are inevitably driven from the disk if the vertical component of the black hole (BH) gravity cannot resist the radiation force. We derive the mass-loss rate in the outflows by solving a dynamical equation for the vertical gas motion in the disk. The structure of a supercritical accretion disk is calculated with the radial energy advection included. We find that most inflowing gas is driven into outflows if the disk is accreting at a moderate Eddington-scaled rate (up to ∼100) at its outer edge, i.e., only a small fraction of gas is accreted by the BH, which is radiating at several Eddington luminosities, while it reaches around ten for extremely high accretion rate cases (

m

̇

≡

M

̇

/

M

̇

Edd

∼
1000

). Compared with a normal slim disk, the disk luminosity is substantially suppressed due to the mass loss in the outflows. We apply the model to the light curves of the tidal disruption events (TDEs) and find that the disk luminosity declines very slowly with time even if a typical accretion rate

m

̇

∝

t

−
5

/

3

is assumed at the outer edge of the disk, which is qualitatively consistent with the observed light curves in some TDEs and helps us to understand the energy deficient phenomenon observed in the TDEs. Strong outflows from supercritical accretion disks surrounding supermassive BHs may play crucial roles in their host galaxies, which can be taken as an ingredient in the mechanical feedback models. The implications of the results on the growth of supermassive BHs are also discussed.
The GALPROP Cosmic-ray Propagation and Nonthermal Emissions Framework: Release v57
Authors: Porter T. A. , Jóhannesson G. , Moskalenko I. V.
Published: September 2022

The past decade has brought impressive advances in the astrophysics of cosmic rays (CRs) and multiwavelength astronomy, thanks to the new instrumentation launched into space and built on the ground. Modern technologies employed by those instruments provide measurements with unmatched precision, enabling searches for subtle signatures of dark matter and new physics. Understanding the astrophysical backgrounds to better precision than the observed data is vital in moving to this new territory. A state-of-the-art CR propagation code, called GalProp, is designed to address exactly this challenge. Having 25 yr of development behind it, the GalProp framework has become a de facto standard in the astrophysics of CRs, diffuse photon emissions (radio to γ-rays), and searches for new physics. GalProp uses information from astronomy, particle physics, and nuclear physics to predict CRs and their associated emissions self-consistently, providing a unifying modeling framework. The range of its physical validity covers 18 orders of magnitude in energy, from sub-keV to PeV energies for particles and from μeV to PeV energies for photons. The framework and the data sets are public and are extensively used by many experimental collaborations and by thousands of individual researchers worldwide for interpretation of their data and for making predictions. This paper details the latest release of the GalProp framework and updated cross sections, further developments of its initially auxiliary data sets for models of the interstellar medium that grew into independent studies of the Galactic structure—distributions of gas, dust, radiation, and magnetic fields—as well as the extension of its modeling capabilities. Example applications included with the distribution illustrating usage of the new features are also described.
Integrated Geostationary Solar Energetic Particle Events Catalog: GSEP
Authors: Rotti Sumanth , Aydin Berkay , Georgoulis Manolis K. , Martens Petrus C.
Published: September 2022

We present a catalog of solar energetic particle (SEP) events covering solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. We correlate and integrate three existing catalogs based on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite integral proton flux data. We visually verified and labeled each event in the catalog to provide a homogenized data set. We have identified a total of 341 SEP events of which 245 cross the Space Weather Prediction Center threshold of a significant proton event. The metadata consists of physical parameters and observables concerning the possible source solar eruptions, namely flares and coronal mass ejections for each event. The sliced time-series data of each event, along with intensity profiles of proton fluxes in several energy bands, have been made publicly available. This data set enables researchers in machine learning and statistical analysis to understand the SEPs and the source eruption characteristics useful for space weather prediction.
Application of PVAR model in the study of influencing factors of carbon emissions
Authors: Chen Huanyu , Yi Jizheng , Chen Aibin , Zhou Guoxiong
Published: September 2022

Based on the panel data of China from 2003 to 2017, this paper applies the panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) model to the study of the influencing factors of carbon emissions. After the cross-section dependence test, unit root test and cointegration test of panel data, the dynamic relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, urbanization, financial development and CO2 emissions is investigated by using PVAR model. Then, we used the impulse response function tool to better understand the reaction of the main variables of interest, CO2 emissions, aftershocks on four factors. Finally, through the variance decomposition of all factors, the influence degree of a single variable on other endogenous variables is obtained. Overall, the results show that the four factors have a significant and positive impact on carbon emissions. In addition, variance decomposition also showed that energy consumption and economic growth strongly explained CO2 emissions. These results indicate that the financial, economic and energy sectors of China's provinces still make relatively weak contributions to reducing carbon emissions and improving environmental quality. Therefore, several policies are proposed and discussed.
La recherche archéologique et le patrimoine au Sultanat d’Oman comme facteurs de modernisation du pays
Authors: Maguer Sterenn Le
Published: September 2022

Cet article vise à montrer le rôle de la recherche archéologique et de la mise en valeur du patrimoine dans le développement politique, social et économique du Sultanat d’Oman. Si les recherches archéologiques dans le Sultanat d’Oman débutent bien avant l’accession au pouvoir du Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said, celles-ci deviennent sous son règne un véritable enjeu politique et social. Les fouilles archéologiques sont d’abord confiées aux chercheurs occidentaux (rattachés pour la plupart à des institutions localisées aux États-Unis, en Grande-Bretagne, en France, en Italie ou en Allemagne), contribuant ainsi à faire émerger le pays sur la scène internationale. Le Sultanat est aujourd’hui doté de son propre service archéologique et forme des archéologues omanais. Ces recherches archéologiques vont non seulement éclairer la préhistoire et l’histoire de ce territoire, elles vont également définir un patrimoine qui va marquer l’identité du Sultanat d’Oman. Le patrimoine omanais est mis en valeur par l’inscription de cinq sites sur la liste du Patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco entre 1987 et 2018. Cette patrimonialisation, unique dans la région du Golfe, répond au choix d’un développement touristique haut de gamme afin de diversifier l’économie du pays. Le Sultanat d’Oman construit ainsi l’image d’un pays ouvert et culturellement riche à laquelle l’UNESCO, institution internationalement reconnue, apporte une caution de choix. Parallèlement à cela, des formations universitaires dans les domaines de la culture et du patrimoine sont proposées afin d’inciter les jeunes omanais à travailler dans le secteur touristique. Le développement de ce secteur a également participé à la modernisation du pays et de ses infrastructures afin de relier les sites les plus importants à la capitale, Mascate, désenclavant ainsi des régions jusque-là isolées.
The Foundation, Development and Future of the Omani Rentier State: From the Dhofar War to Vision 2040
Authors: Due-Gundersen Nicolai , Owtram Francis
Published: September 2022

Modern Oman’s continuation is uncertain after the death of its founder Qaboos bin Said (1970-2020). Amid isolationism and civil war, Qaboos drew on oil wealth to unite the state and found a modern welfare nation on the typical rentier model. At the same time, 1995 saw Qaboos announce Vision 2020 (later 2040) to diversify away from oil dependence. This article explores the development of Oman as a rentier state contrasted with formal diversification plans to argue that Qaboos’ main focus was modern state building and economic diversification away from oil was likely understood to be a goal beyond his lifetime, passing to his cousin Haitham bin Tariq, who was indeed, tasked with this as the responsible Minister before becoming Sultan on Qaboos’ death. The article also puts economic diversification within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and how this pandemic may be drawn on for ‘war-time’ discourse that bolsters Haitham bin Tariq’s tentative legitimacy.
Education, Youth and Employment in Oman
Authors: Breteau Marion , al-Suleimani Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Aiming at providing support for youth integration into the labor market, Y is one of the first companies that have been created to strive for the participation of young people in social life in Oman. Through the description of its audience, its pedagogic programs and the relations between education and the different professional sectors of activity in Oman, this article examines the tensions and contemporary challenges that reside in “becoming an adult” in Oman.
Glimpses of an Untold History of the Gulf: Notable Slaves as an Example
Authors: Alebrahim Abdulrahman
Published: September 2022

Although the history of slaves and slavery in the Gulf has been the focus of some research, certain aspects of this history have been lost in the dominant historical narratives. This paper focuses on an untold aspect of the local history: notable slaves. Despite the obstacles to researching this topic, the paper sheds light on a gap between local and foreign sources, whereby the local historiography of enslaved populations in the region since the 19th Century has been largely neglected. Giving a brief overview of local slave communities, the paper draws on examples from Kuwait, Najd, al-Zubayr and Hayil to show how certain enslaved individuals gained significant prominence, occupying a range of important positions within these emirates and sheikhdoms. In doing so, this article sheds light on a largely untold aspect of the Gulf and the Arabian Peninsula’s social and political history between the 19th and 20th Centuries, which is scarcely documented, except in a marginal manner.
Does Financial Leverage Fit Firm Performance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Quoc Trung Nguyen
Published: September 2022

The paper aims to determine the effect of financial leverage on the performance of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the agency theory and pecking order theory, combined with the quantitative method, the financial leverage and COVID-19 are statistically significant factors affecting the performance of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. Significantly, the author emphasizes that financial leverage has a positive effect on the performance during the pandemic. Furthermore, there is the existence of homoscedasticity and no-autocorrelation in the model when using feasible general least squares. It confirms that the model estimation is unbiased and reliable.
Empirical Study on Guanxi and Performance of the Agricultural Supply Chain Based on Knowledge Sharing Intermediary
Authors: He Jingshi
Published: September 2022

“Guanxi” is a very special and important factor in Chinese traditional agricultural society and economic activities, and it has an important impact on all participants in the agricultural supply chain. Taking four dimensional attributes of guanxi—renqing (reciprocal favour exchange), mianzi (face), ganqing (emotional attachment), and xinren(trust) as the endogenous latent variables—this research established and empirically analyzed the structural equation model (SEM) of guanxi, knowledge sharing, and supply chain performance (SCP). Research found that renqing, mianzi, ganqing, and xinren have positive and significant effects on knowledge sharing, among which ganqing is the most significant factor, and renqing, mianzi, ganqing, and xinren have a positive impact on SCP through the mediating role of knowledge sharing. The influence mechanism of four dimension of guanxi on knowledge sharing and SCP and the influence of measurement variables on latent variable were analyzed. The results provide guidance for business decision making in the agricultural supply chain.
An E-Commerce Product Recommendation Method Based on Visual Search and Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Zhong Houji , Wang Yuanyuan , Yue Wuyi
Published: September 2022

Recently, extensive attention from researchers has been paid to users referring to product review comments when choosing products while shopping online. These shoppers are also more frequently demanding a visual search facility to identify similar or identical products based on images they input. In this paper, the authors propose a product recommendation method to support a visual product search that combines the similarities of both visual and textual information to recommend products with a high level of satisfaction. The authors first utilize the image-based recognition method to calculate the similarities between user-inputted images and product images based on their SIFT features and the surrounding text. Next, to select satisfying products, the authors perform sentiment analysis on product reviews and combine this with users' repeat purchase behavior to recommend products that have a high level of satisfaction rating. Finally, the authors evaluate and discuss the proposed method using real e-commerce data.
A Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Data for Diabetic People Affected by COVID-19
Authors: Kiran Kumar K.  , Gudivada Vijaya Kumar , Panneer Selvam M.  , Thimmaiah Bayavanda Chinnappa , Bonthu Kotaiah , Thakur R. N.
Published: September 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) enables the diabetic patient's symptoms and biomarkers to be monitored. People with diabetes are weak, and if a COVID-19 infection is present, the patient must be managed optimally, with a focus on fighting the virus while simultaneously maintaining homeostasis and glycemic control. This study examines the present state of knowledge and limitations in using AI to prevent and manage individuals with diabetes and COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, patient engagement in diabetes care is improved by media and online. These innovative technological advancements have improved glycemic management by lowering fasting and by tracking postprandial glucose levels and glycosylated haemoglobin. In this pandemic period, glycemic management and the implementation of suitable interventions are crucial considerations for diabetic patients, particularly those with an active illness. More research is needed in the future to provide care for diabetic patients' psychological and nutritional well-being as well as to reduce their healthcare costs by building focused AI systems.
An Efficient Fog Layer Task Scheduling Algorithm for Multi-Tiered IoT Healthcare Systems
Authors: Behera Ranjit Kumar , Patro Amrut , Reddy K. Hemant Kumar , Roy Diptendu Sinha
Published: September 2022

IoT-based healthcare systems are becoming popular due to the extreme benefits patients, families, physicians, hospitals, and insurance companies are getting. Cloud is used traditionally for almost every IoT application, but cloud located far away from the devices resulted in an uncertain latency in providing services. At this point, fog computing emerged as the best alternative to provide such real-time services to delay-sensitive IoT applications. However, with the surge of patients, fog's limited resources may fail to handle the explosive growth in requests requiring advanced monitoring-based prioritization of tasks to meet the QoS requirements. To this end, in this paper, a level monitoring task scheduling (LMTS) algorithm is proposed for healthcare applications in fog to provide an immediate response to the delay-sensitive tasks with minimum delay and network usage. The proposed algorithm has been simulated using the Cloudsim simulator, and the results obtained demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed model.