bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrative modeling of multi-omics data for predicting tumor mutation burden in lung cancer patients
Authors: Chen Peng , Wang Jun , Su Mingyang , Zhong Guocheng , Zhang Shasha , Gou Deming
Published: July 2020

Background

Immunotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of lung cancer, and one of the most effective biomarker for the prognosis of immunotherapy currently is tumor mutation burden (TMB). Although whole-exome sequencing (WES) could be utilized to assess TMB, several problems prevent its routine clinical application.
Methods

To develop a simplified TMB prediction model, patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were randomly split into training and validation cohorts, and categorized into TMB-high (TMB-H) and TMB-low (TMB-L) groups respectively.
Results

Based on the 610 differentially expressed genes, 50 differentially expressed miRNAs and 58 differentially methylated CpG sites between TMB-H and TMB-L patients, we constructed 4 predictive signatures and established TMB prediction model through machine learning methods that integrating the expression or methylation profiles of 7 genes, 7 miRNAs and 6 CpG sites. The multi-omics model exhibited excellent performance in predicting TMB with the area under curve (AUC) of 0.911 in the training cohort and 0.859 in the validation cohort. Besides, the significant correlation between the multi-omics model score and TMB was observed.
Conclusions

In summary, we developed a prognostic TMB prediction model by integrating multi-omics data in patients with LUAD, which might facilitate the further development of quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) based TMB detection assay.
Clinic correlation and prognostic value of P4HB and GRP78 expression in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Chenfei , Zhao Wenjing , Zhang Xingsong , Wu Tongyu , Zhang Xunlei , Song Li , Xu Weiwei , Chen Xudong , Yang Lei
Published: July 2020

Background

Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide (P4HB) and Glucose‑regulated protein 78 (GRP78) are represent for poor prognosis of various cancers. However, rare research investigate the correlation of them in cancer. This study aimed to investigate the correlation and prognostic value of P4HB and GRP78 expression along with clinical features in gastric cancer (GC).
Methods

A total of 150 GC tissue samples separately evaluated P4HB and GRP78 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Association of P4HB and GRP78 expression with clinicopathological features was analyzed. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to find correlation between mRNAs and pathways. Kaplan-Meier analyses were taken to compare survival curves. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models used to analyze the impact of prognostic factors on overall survival (OS). A prognostic nomogram was constructed based on the multivariate Cox regression model, and compared to TNM stage in discrimination ability and clinical usefulness.
Results

P4HB and GRP78 expression were both associated with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. P4HB protein positively correlated with GRP78, as well as the same tendency of mRNAs in both GC tissue and cell databases. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that P4HB and GRP78 may be associated with protein folding and response to ER stress, and the protein processing in ER pathway. High single or co-expression of P4HB and GRP78 represented for a shorter OS. When stratified by postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, the high co-expression was only related to unfavorable prognosis of with chemotherapy group, especially in advanced stage. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified co-expression of P4HB and GRP78 as an independent prognostic factor for OS. The nomogram including the co-expression was better than TNM stage in discrimination ability and clinical usefulness through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves.
Conclusion

P4HB was positively correlated with GRP78 expression, co-expression of them was an independent prognostic factor, could serve as a predictive marker for GC patients with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced stage.
Evaluation of Pretreatment Methods (Acid and Alkali) in Improving the Enzymatic Saccharification of Sugarcane Baggase: Structural and Chemical Analysis
Authors: Tiwari Soni , Yadav Janardan , Gaur Rajeeva , Yadav Jay Shanker
Published: July 2020

Background: Enhancement of cellulase and xylanase production and improvement of more proficient lignocellulose-degrading enzymes are essential in order to decrease the price of enzymes required in the biomass-to-bioethanol production. Results: The effectiveness of different concentration of alkali and acid pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse for improving the enzymatic saccharification of cellulose has been evaluated. The sugarcane bagasse was characterized to contain 39.52% cellulose, 25.63% hemicelluloses, 30.36% lignin, 1.44% ash and 2.90% other extractives. Afterthat, The sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with two different concentrations (5% and 10%) of H2SO4 and NaOH at 121°C for 60 min. Among them, the best result was obtained when sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with 10% NaOH solution followed by 10% H2SO4, 5% NaOH and 5% H2SO4 solution. The highest cellulose saccharification was 489.5 mg/g from 10% NaOH pretreatment followed by 322.75mg/g, 301.25 mg/g and 276.6 mg/g from 10% H2SO4, 5% NaOH and 5% H2SO4, respectively, which were 55.1, 32.0, 27.1 and 20.6 times higher than the control. Moreover, the FTIR, XRD and SEM analysis showed significant molecule and surface structure changes of the sugarcane bagasse after different pretreatments. Cellulase and xylanase produced by Pseudomonas sp. CVB-10 [MK443365] and Bacillus paramycoides T4 [MN370035] was used to hydrolyze the pretreated sugarcane bagasse and the optimal condition was determined to be 30 h of enzymatic reaction with 3:1 ration of enzymes under the temperature of 55°C, pH 5.5, substrate concentration of 3% and Tween-20 0.5%. Conclusion: Enzyme supernatants produced by the mixed culture of Pseudomonas sp. CVB-10 [MK443365] and Bacillus paramycoides T4 [MN370035] on various pretreated sugarcane baggase have good cellulase and xylanase activities, leading to celluloses and Hemicelluloses conversion in the enzymatic hydrolysis/saccharification that is more proficient.
Prediction of Hypotension Events with Physiologic Vital Sign Signatures in The Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Yoon Joo Heung , Jeanselme Vincent , Dubrawski Artur , Hravnak Marilyn , Pinsky Michael R. , Clermont Gilles
Published: July 2020

Background. Even brief hypotension is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We developed a machine learning model to predict the initial hypotension event among intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and designed an alert system for bedside implementation. Materials and Methods. From the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-3) dataset minute-by-minute vital signs were extracted. A hypotension event was defined as at least 5 measurements within a 10-minute period of systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mmHg and mean arterial pressure ≤ 60 mmHg. A random forest (RF) classifier was used to predict hypotension, and performance was measured with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and area under the precision recall curve (AUPRC). Hypotension alerts were generated using risk score thresholds, then a stacked RF model and a lock-out time were applied for real-life implementation. Results. We identified 1307 subjects (1580 ICU stays) as the case (hypotension) group and 1619 subjects (2279 ICU stays) as the control group. The RF model showed AUROC of 0.93 and 0.88 at 15 and 60 minutes respectively before hypotension, and AUPRC of 0.77 at 60 minutes before. Risk score trajectories revealed 80% and > 60% of cases predicted at 15 and 60 minutes before the hypotension, respectively. The stacked model with 15-minute lock-out produced on average 0.79 alerts/subject/hour (sensitivity 92.4%). Conclusion. Clinically significant hypotension events in the ICU can be predicted at least 1 hour before the initial hypotension episode. Developing a high-sensitive and reliable practical alert system is feasible, with low rate of alerts.
Process planning of the automatic polishing of the curved surface using a five-axis machining tool
Authors: Zhang Lei , Ding Chen , Fan Cheng , Zhang Lei , Wang Qian , Wang Kejun
Published: July 2020

Curved surface parts are widely used in aerospace, automotive, electronic products and other fields due to their excellent aerodynamics, fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. Compared with the modeling technology of the curved surface, the development of the processing technology of the curved surface is slightly behind. In order to improve the processing quality and processing efficiency of the curved surface, this paper independently developed a five-axis CNC polishing machine tool, and studied the pre-processing and the post-precessing when machining the curved surface. Taking a metal shell of the mobile phone as an example, three different paths are planned for the flat surface and the curved surface respectively, and a method for generating the tool path is proposed. The kinematics model of the five-axis CNC machine tool is established, which is used to obtain the calculation formula of the movement amount of each axis when polishing in the flat surface and the curved surface of the metal shell. Finally, the polishing effects of the different paths about the surface quality and the polishing efficiency of the metal shell are studied through the polishing experiments, and the polishing path with the best surface quality and the highest polishing efficiency is found.
Contribution to the peripheral vasculopathy and endothelial cell dysfunction by CXCL4 in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Jiang Zhixing , Chen Chen , Yang Sen , He Hang , Zhu Xiaoxia , Liang Minrui
Published: July 2020

Objective CXCL4, a chemokine with antiangiogenic property, is reported to be involved in systemic sclerosis (SSc) related pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We investigated the contribution of CXCL4 to SSc development by focusing on the correlation of circulatory CXCL4 levels with their peripheral vasculopathy, as well as the effect of CXCL4 on endothelial cell dysfunction and angiogenesis disturbance in SSc and the potential signaling.MethodsWe measured the serum CXCL4 levels in 58 patients with SSc, 10 patients with the very early diagnosis of SSc (VEDOSS), and 80 healthy controls. Then, CXCL4 levels were correlated with their clinical features, especially the peripheral vasculopathy. These observations were further validated in an additional cohort including 50 SSc patients, 12 VEDOSS patients, and 80 healthy controls. Moreover, we studied the anti-angiogenesis effects and the underlying signaling of CXCL4 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. ResultsCirculating levels of the CXCL4 were 103.62% higher in patients with SSc and 201.51 % higher in patients with VEDOSS than matched HCs, and these observations were confirmed in two independent cohorts. CXCL4 levels were closely associated with digital ulcers (DU) and nailfold video capillaroscopy (NVC) abnormalities in SSc. The proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs were significantly inhibited by recombinant human CXCL4 or SSc derived serum, which reversed by CXCL4 neutralizing antibody, but not CXCR3 inhibitor. CXCL4 downregulated the transcription factor Friend leukaemia integration factor‐1 (Fli-1) via c-Abl signaling. Furthermore, CXCL4 blocked the transforming growth factor (TGF) -β or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) induced cell proliferation of HUVECs. Conclusions CXCL4 may contribute to peripheral vasculopathy in SSc by downregulating Fli-1 via c-Abl signaling in endothelial cells and interfering angiogenesis.
Remote Health Monitoring System for Bedbound Patients
Authors: Alizadeh Mostafa , Shaker George , Safavi-Naeini Safieddin
Published: July 2020

There are many patients who require continuous monitoring of vital signs and their sleep position such as bedbound patients and hospitalized patients. Also, in some cases, like COVID-19, it is critical for a caregiver to keep a safe distance to the patient. For remote monitoring, radar technologies have been shown to be promising. Thus, in this paper, we present a novel solution for the remote breath and sleep position monitoring by using a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) radar. Our proposed system could monitor a number of people simultaneously, and therein we use a high-resolution direction of arrival (DOA) detection for finding close targets. Furthermore, the sleep position of each target is determined using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The breath analysis involves designing an optimum filter for estimating both the breathing rate and the noiseless breathing waveform. Furthermore, we tested the system by hand-made targets and real human targets. The radar placed in a bedroom environment above a bed where two subjects were sleeping next to each other. For the breathing rate, the accuracy of the radar is more than 97% for human subjects compared with a reference sensor. Also, the sleep position correct detection is more than 83%.
A Palindromic RNA Sequence as Common Breakpoint Contributor to Copy-choice Recombination in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Gallaher William R.
Published: July 2020

Much remains unknown concerning the origin of the novel pandemic Coronavirus that has raged across the globe since emerging in Wuhan of Hubei province, near the center of the People’s Republic of China in December of 2019. All current strains of Coronaviridae have arisen by a combination of incremental adaptive mutations, against the backdrop of many recombinational events throughout the past, rendering each a unique mosaic of RNA sequence from diverse sources. The consensus among virologists is that the base sequence of the novel coronavirus, designated SARS-CoV-2, was derived from a common ancestor of a bat coronavirus, represented by the strain RaTG13 isolated in Yunnan province in 2013. Into that ancestral genetic background, several recombination events have since occurred from other divergent bat-derived coronaviruses, resulting in localized discordance between the two. One such event left SARS-CoV-2 with a receptor binding domain (RBD) capable of binding the human ACE-2 receptor lacking in RaTG13, and a second event uniquely added to SARS-CoV-2 a site specific for furin, capable of efficient endoproteolytic cleavage and activation of the spike glycoprotein responsible for virus entry and cell fusion. This paper demonstrates by bioinformatic analysis that such recombinational events are facilitated by short oligonucleotide “breakpoint sequences”, similar to CAGAC, that direct recombination naturally to certain positions in the genome at the boundaries between blocks of RNA code and potentially RNA structure. This “breakpoint sequence hypothesis” provides a natural explanation for the biogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 over time and in the wild.
Long Non-Coding RNA FAM83H-AS1 Acts as a Potential Oncogenic Driver in Human Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Yuan Xiaolei , Huang Ying , Guo Man , Hu Xiaowei , Li Peiling
Published: July 2020

Objective Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most aggressive women cancers with increasing incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) could as major players in OC process. Although FAM83H antisense RNA1 (FAM83H-AS1) is demonstrated play an important roles in a many cancers, the detailed function and mechanism has not been reported in OC. Results We integrated multiple kinds of bioinformatics approaches and experiments validated method to evaluate functions of FAM83H-AS1 in OC. Some differential expressed lncRNAs were identified between OC and normal control tissues. FAM83H-AS1 was one of most differentially expressed lncRNAs and up-regulated in multiple cancer types. Specially, expression of FAM83H-AS1 was higher in OC and showed difference in diverse stages. High FAM83H-AS1 expression is associated with worse pan-cancer and OC outcomes. FAM83H-AS1-centric network including lncRNA-miRNA, lncRNA-protein and lncRNA-mRNA ceRNA network were constructed to infer the function and mechanism of FAM83H-AS1. There were two methylation sites including cg01399317 and cg20519035 located at FAM83H-AS1. The methylation level of cg01399317 was correlated with gene expression of FAM83H-AS1. The expression level of FAM83H-AS1 was correlated with infiltration level of immune cell including macrophage, neutrphil and dendritic cell in OC patients. Lastly, qRT-PCR showed that the expression of FAM83H-AS1 was higher in OC tissues than normal control tissues. Conclusion Collectively, these results indicated that FAM83H-AS1 may act as an oncogenic driver and it may be a potential therapy target in OC.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Obstetric Population at Admission: Results from a High-Volume Hospital Setting in the North of Italy
Authors: Franchi Massimo , Bosco Mariachiara , Barbieri Beatrice , Diani Erica , Cascio Giuliana Lo , Laganà Antonio Simone , Casarin Jvan , Garzon Simone , Sangaletti Marina
Published: July 2020

Based on the strong recommendation of the World Health Organization to implement testing for SARS-CoV-2, at our Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in northeast Italy we started performing universal screening in the obstetric population prior to hospitalization. All pregnant women admitted at our department were tests for SARS-CoV-2 with a nasopharyngeal swab test based on the specific SARS-CoV-2 sequences amplification with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. From April 10th to May 25th (45 days), 473 women were tested, and 2 (0.42%) out of 473 patients were found positive to SARS-CoV-2 during the first three weeks when the numbers of infection were higher and social contacts reduced. No patients reported either respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. After comparison with other reports, our results suggest a reduction in the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the obstetric population related to both the trend over time and space of the infection spread and the effect of control measures. The identification of only asymptomatic patients appears supporting the implementation of universal screening instead of a test performed based on anamnestic information or symptoms to identify patients with SARS-CoV-2.
High-intensity focused ultrasound enhances the cisplatin sensitivity to human non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wang Liwei , Huijun Fan , Haiyan Wang , Yunlu Bai , Wenyan Zhou
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThe incidence and mortality of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) rank first among malignant tumors worldwide. Cisplatin (CDDP) is currently the first-line chemotherapy drug used in clinical practice. However, the underlying mechanism that NSCLC cells are resistant to CDDP has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the exact function of chemotherapy resistance and improve the anti-tumor effect of CDDP treatment.MethodWe investigated the surviving fraction of H1299 and A549 cells treated with different High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and various CDDP concentrations. HIFU (400W/cm2) and CDDP (10 μM) were selected to probe the further function in H1299 and A549 cells. Flow cytometry, MTT, and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate the apoptosis and proliferative effect of HIFU and CDDP on NSCLC cells. Transwell assays were used to analyze the migration and invasion abilities of NSCLC cells with HIFU and CDDP treatments. Platinum (Pt) accumulation was further measured in H1299 and A549 cells with different treatments. Finally, An NSCLC patient-derived xenograft model was used to explore the effect of HIFU and CDDP on NSCLC tumor growth.ResultsHIFU combined with CDDP can markedly reduce the surviving rate and promote the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with HIFU and CDDP significantly inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells compared to that with any single treatment. Moreover, the combined therapy can effectively promote Pt accumulation in NSCLC cells. Further functional analysis suggested that HIFU combined with CDDP can inhibit tumor growth in an NSCLC patient-derived xenograft model. Finally, the CDDP method effectively upregulated the expression level of apoptosis-related protein, cleaved-PARP, which could be further enhanced by the HIFU treatment.ConclusionOur results revealed that HIFU enhances the anti-NSCLC effect of CDDP both in vitro and in vivo, providing a promising combination therapy for clinical NSCLC treatment.
RADICALISING THE TRADITIONALISTS
Authors: Hamdi Ahmad Zainul
Published: July 2020

The post-New Order Indonesian politics has provided a political opportunity structure for the state towards democratization. It has a double-edged sword whatsoever: on the one hand democratization could lead to the civic engagement, but on the other hand, it provides a hot bed for the flourishing of anti-civic organization. As for the latter, following the fall of authoritarian regime of new Order in 1998, Indonesians have also witnessed the birth of transnational Islamist and radical organizations threatening the state’s integrity and peaceful coexistence of the citizens. Amid the public appearance of these radical organization, an issue of ideological infiltration and sabotage of radical organization upon mainstreaming moderate Muslim organizations, such as Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah do exist. This article tries to reveal the impacts of a such infiltration practices and the extent that radical narratives win the minds and hearts of important Muslim leaders. Taking a closer a look to Muslim leaders in Sampang district in the island of Madura, the centrum of traditionalist Muslim in Indonesian Islamo-landscape, finds out that intolerant and radical ideologies do resonate clearly among the leaders. This finding resort as an alarm and counter-narrative to the long-admired Islamic traditionalism as an important backbone for moderate Islam in Indonesia.
CONTINUITIES AND CHANGES
Authors: Sabri Ahmad , Meirison Meirison , Warmansyah Jhoni
Published: July 2020

This article discusses continuities and changes of educational institutions during the political transition from the Seljuq dynasty to the Ottoman sultanate. It diachronically examines elements of education which were transformed and adapted into a new political structure under the political regime, the Ottoman. This article will closely look at institutional transformation and educational curricula as to which the changing political regime affected contents and management of Islamic education. This article further argues that the political transformation from the Seljuq to the Ottoman had generated a new educational system in which the Ottoman imposed the attempts to integrate Islam and modern sciences. At managerial level, the transformation has also invited the introduction of science in Islamic educational system. Western educational system reserved as an important reference for this transformation amid the changing regime from the Seljuq to the Ottoman.
Características de la tutoría académica en un centro de escritura digital para la educación media
Authors: Calle Álvarez Gerzon Yair
Published: July 2020

La tutoría académica es un servicio distintivo de los centros de escritura frente a otras estrategias de promoción y fortalecimiento de la lectura y la escritura en la escuela. Este artículo tiene como propósito identificar las estrategias de acompañamiento desarrolladas por los tutores durante los servicios ofrecidos por dos Centros de Escritura Digital (CED) en la educación media. El método utilizado fue el estudio de caso, en el que participaron dos instituciones educativas, una pública y otra privada, de Medellín, Colombia. Para el análisis de la información se utilizaron los gráficos de las coordenadas del centroide y el porcentaje, alcance y frecuencia por tamaño de caso. En los resultados se muestra que las estrategias utilizadas correspondieron a las realidades institucionales y el servicio ofrecido desde el CED. En las conclusiones se afirma que las tutorías son una estrategia de orientación de la escritura académica, complementaria al trabajo de aula que se desarrolla en las diferentes áreas y asignaturas del currículo escolar de la educación media.
Sentidos ocupacionales de mujeres que desafían la vida familiar doméstica y la vida laboral
Authors: Jiménez Moreno Nidya Alejandra , Luna Novoa Ingrid Ayrin , Wiesner Luna Vanessa
Published: July 2020

La investigación buscó comprender el sentido ocupacional que atribuyen a la vida familiar-doméstica y la vida laboral, las mujeres cabeza de familia que desempeñan cargos operativos en una empresa del sector de artes gráficas ubicada en la ciudad de Bogotá, explorando experiencias y expectativas, alrededor de concepciones sobre ocupación humana, justicia ocupacional, trabajo, economía del cuidado y doble presencia. Esta investigación asume una estrategia cualitativa, de carácter hermenéutico, haciendo uso del análisis de contenido. Los principales hallazgos permiten identificar: la construcción cultural de roles y ocupaciones basadas en el orden sexo-género; las relaciones de poder desiguales en la participación ocupacional sustentadas en la división sexual del trabajo; la tensión entre el trabajo y la familia dada por la actual y significativa presencia de la mujer en la vida económica y el lugar del cuidado desde una perspectiva amplia, como soporte para el bienestar humano y comunitario, y la superación de la mirada específica en la reproducción.
La inestabilidad social en El Catatumbo desde la óptica de la violencia estructural (2010-2018)
Authors: Chavarro Miranda Fernando , Otálora Rodríguez Fredy Gonzalo
Published: July 2020

El propósito de este trabajo es caracterizar, en el lapso 2010-2018, la problemática de inestabilidad en la región de El Catatumbo, usando como marco general el concepto desarrollado por Johan Galtung respecto a la violencia estructural. Hoy, pese a la salida de parte de las estructuras armadas de las FARC, al desarrollo de negociaciones entre el ELN y el Gobierno, y a los compromisos que este último ha adquirido con los habitantes, el escenario continúa siendo complejo: hay evidencias del incremento de cultivos ilícitos en la zona, la proliferación y fortalecimiento de actores armados ilegales, el enfrentamiento por el control del narcotráfico y la coerción. Esta problemática cobra complejidad debido a los bajos niveles de desarrollo y a las condiciones de pobreza que afectan a la población, se constituye en un objeto de estudio relevante por las consecuencias políticas y sociales que se derivan para Colombia y la región.
Agonística y subjetivación: la experiencia de mujeres que usan las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación
Authors: Builes Correa María Victoria , Bedoya Hernández Mauricio , López Serna Lina María
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo informa acerca del estudio cuyo objetivo fue reconocer las formas de subjetivación de mujeres que tienen una vida de pareja en la que usan las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). El enfoque metodológico fue cualitativo y el método usado fue el biográfico narrativo. Participaron 7 mujeres, con las cuales se hicieron una serie de entrevistas semiestructuradas tanto individuales como en pareja. Resultados: se pueden observar dos problematizaciones emergentes de la utilización de las TIC: la exhibición de la intimidad y los usos alternos de estas tecnologías; algunas de las participantes se subjetivan críticamente cuando hacen un uso reflexivo de las TIC. Conclusiones: la práctica crítica produce unas formas de subjetivación resistencial, lo cual tiene como condición que ellas se mantengan en una posición agonística continua; además, las prácticas subjetivadoras no pueden entenderse por fuera de la creación de formas de vida no hegemónicas que interroguen las tecnologías en mención y los usos que se hacen de ellas.
Sobre el confinamiento virtual docente
Authors: Gómez García Juan Guillermo
Published: July 2020

Al parecer, las actividades universitarias, en estas circunstancias de excepción, se han contraído a actividades virtuales de confinamiento. La universidad virtual confinada se ha impuesto, quiera quien no quiera, de un modo que nos resulta cada vez más lejano, no solo el día venidero de volvernos a ver con colegas, amigos y estudiantes cara a cara, en salones de clase, cafeterías, conferencias o marchas, sino que se nos vuelven borrosas las más cercanas experiencias del semestre que apenas concluyó. Es un síntoma de abatimiento moral o quizá una extraordinaria ocasión para imaginarnos una Edad Media express, de encierro meditabundo como monjes de abadías, con la sutil diferencia de tener conexión a Internet y Rappi. Los que disponen de la una y solicitan el servicio de lo otro, claro está.
Hydrogenotrophic denitrification for treating nitrate contaminated without/with reactive black 5 dye
Authors: Singhopon Tippawan , Shinoda Kenta , Rujakom Suphatchai , Kazama Futaba
Published: July 2020

NO3-N and dye colors discharged from textile wastewater pose environmental problems in Thailand. This study aimed to observe the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) with and without RB-5 color contamination via hydrogenotrophic denitrification (HD) processing, which uses H2 gas as electron donor to reduce NO3-N and NO2-N; comparing with bioreactors treatment to evaluate systems that can simultaneously remove NO3-N and dye color. Five reactors under different operation and gas supply conditions were set-up under HRT of 24 h, including an aerobic reactor using air, two anaerobic reactors using argon and H2, and a combined process using intermittent air/argon and air/H2. NRR without dye varied between 45 and 90% for H2 and air/H2 by HD processing, while it was completely removed when adding color. H2 and air/H2 reactors experienced partial decolorization of approximately 20–30%, whereas the other three reactors remained unchanged. Effluent of NO3-N were close to wastewater standards, but the color was still easy to detect, which indicated that the treatment time needs to be sufficient. In conclusion, HD and intermittent air/H2 processing can completely remove NO3-N and NO2-N when contaminated with RB-5 color. Furthermore, RB-5 did not affect the NRR, whereas some particles of dye color can also reduce in these processes.
Removal of antibiotic from the water environment by the adsorption technologies: a review
Authors: Dutta Joydeep , Mala Aijaz Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Antibiotics are known as emergent pollutants because of their toxicological properties. Due to continuous discharge and persistence in the aquatic environment, antibiotics are detected almost in every environmental matrix. Therefore antibiotics that are polluting the aquatic environment have gained significant research interest for their removal. Several techniques have been used to remove pollutants, but appropriate technology is still to be found. This review addresses the use of modified and cheap materials for antibiotic removal from the environment.
PHOSPHO1 Gene DNA Methylations are Associated with a Change in HDL-C Response to Simvastatin Treatment
Authors: Fan Juanlin , Cai Qianru , Zhang Di , Weinstock Justin , Qu Xiaoxiao , Jiang Shanqun
Published: July 2020

Objective:

Our aim was to detect the effects of DNA methylations in the phosphoethanolamine/
phosphocholine phosphatase (PHOSPHO1) gene on the therapeutic efficacy of simvastatin.

Methods:

We used an extreme sampling approach by selecting 211 individuals from approximately the top and
bottom 15% of adjusted lipid-lowering response residuals to simvastatin (n=104 for the high response group and
n=107 for the low response group) from a total of 734 subjects with hyperlipidemia. They received a daily oral
dose of 20 mg simvastatin for eight consecutive weeks. DNA methylation loci at the PHOSPHO1 gene were
measured using high-throughput next-generation sequencing-based sequencing technology. Fasting serum lipids
were measured at baseline and after eight weeks of simvastatin treatment.

Results:

Mean PHOSPHO1 DNA methylation had a significant negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (HDL-C) variation (β=-0.014, P=0.045) in the high response group. After stratifying by body mass
index (BMI), the associations between the PHOSPHO1 DNA methylations and the change in HDL-C in response
to simvastatin were more significant in obese subjects with a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher (β=-0.027, P=0.002).
Mean PHOSPHO1 methylation and traditional predictors could explain up to 24.7% (adjusted R2) of the change
in HDL-C response in obese patients. There was a statistically significant additive interaction term (P=0.028)
between BMI and mean PHOSPHO1 methylation in the model of the change in HDL-C in response to simvastatin.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that PHOSPHO1 DNA methylations are associated with a change in HDL-C in
response to simvastatin treatment, and this association is especially dependent on the extent of patient obesity.
Targeting Toll like Receptors in Cancer: Role of TLR Natural and Synthetic Modulators
Authors: Narayanankutty Arunaksharan , Sasidharan Aswathi , Job Joice T.
Published: July 2020

Background:

Toll like receptors (TLRs) are a group of transmembrane receptors belonging to the broad class pattern recognition receptors (PRR), involved in recognition of Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) thereby inducing an immune response. Apart from these exogenous PAMPs, numerous endogenous PAMPs are also ligands for various TLRs thereby activating the TLR dependent immune response, subsequently leading to the onset of an inflammatory response. Prolonged activation of TLR by these endogenous PAMPs leads to chronic inflammatory insults to the body and which in turn alters the proliferative patterns of the cells, which ultimately leads to the development of cancer.

Objectives:

The present review aims to provide a detailed outline of the differential roles of various TLRs in cancer and the possible use of them as a therapeutic target.

Methods:

Data were collected from PubMed/Sciencedirect/Web of Science database and sorted; the latest literature on TLRs was incorporated in the review.

Results:

Among the different TLRs, few are reported to be anti-neoplastic, which controls the cell growth and multiplication in response to the endogenous signals. On the contrary, numerous studies have reported the procarcinogenic potentials of TLRs. Hence, TLRs have emerged as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of various types of cancers. Several molecules, such as monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors and natural products have shown promising anticancer potential by effectively modulating the TLR signalling.

Conclusion:

Toll-like receptors play vital roles in the process of carcinogenesis, hence TLR targeting is a promising approach for cancer prevention.
Folic Acid Conjugated Nanocarriers for Efficient Targetability and Promising Anticancer Efficacy for Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Review of Recent Updates
Authors: Choudhury Hira , Pandey Manisha , Wen Lee Pei , Cien Ling Kah , Xin Ho , Yee Alvina Ng Jia , Lee Ng Joo , Gorain Bapi , Amin Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd , Pichika Mallikarjuna Rao
Published: July 2020

Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest cause of cancer deaths among Women. It is known to be
caused due to mutations in certain receptors, viz. estrogens or progesterones. The most frequently used conventional
treatment strategies against BC include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and partial or entire mastectomy,
however, these strategies are often associated with multiple adverse effects, thus reducing patient compliance.
Advancement of nanotechnology in the medical application has been made to enhance the therapeutic
effectiveness with a significant reduction in the unintended side-effects associated with incorporated anticancer
drugs against cancer. The surface engineering technology of the nanocarriers is more pronounced in delivering
the therapeutics specifically to target cells. Consequently, folic acid, a small molecular ligand for the folate receptor
overexpressed cells, has shown immense response in treating BC cells. Folic acid conjugated nanocarriers
have shown remarkable efficiency in targeting overexpressed folate receptors on the surface of BC cells.
Binding of these target-specific folate-conjugated nanocarriers substantially improves the internalization of chemotherapeutics
in BC cells, without much exposing the other parts of the body. Simultaneously, these folate--
conjugated nanocarriers provide imaging for regular monitoring of targeted drug delivery systems and their responses
to an anticancer therapy. Therefore, this review demonstrates the potential of folate-conjugated nanotherapeutics
for the treatment and theranostic approaches against BC along with the significant challenges to anticancer
therapy, and the prospective insights into the clinical importance and effectiveness of folate conjugate
nanocarriers.
Preconcentration and Determination of Clomiphene Citrate Using Hollow- Fiber Liquid-phase Mixroextraction Coupled with HPLC-UV Detection
Authors: Ziyarati Mehdi , Qomi Mahnaz , Yousefi Mohammad
Published: July 2020

Background:

Currently, ovulation stimulation with clomiphene citrate is the most commonly used treatment in
infertility. It stimulates the secretion of gonadotropins necessary for the release of an egg.

Objective:

In this study, a microextraction method of liquid phase was utilized using hollow fiber with high-performance
liquid chromatography and ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detector for pre-concentration and measuring clomiphene citrate in
plasma.

Method:

Clomiphene citrate was extracted from a 15 ml sample solution with pH=11 in an organic solvent (Octanol),
which was located in the vent wall of the fiber. Subsequently, the drug was introduced into an internal organic solvent into
an acidic pH=2 receptor that was located inside the fiber. In the following, effective factors in microextraction including
pH of the donor phases and acceptor phases, type of organic solvent, ion phase strength, extraction time and stirring speed
were investigated and optimized.

Results:

After extracting the drug with an optimal pre-concentration factor of 212, extraction recovery was 91%, the detection limit was 1.50 ng/ml, limiting the linearity of 5-1000 ng/mL and %RSD=6.98.

Conclusion:

The proposed method was successfully implemented and optimized for trace detection of clomiphene citrate
in plasma, therefore the clinical and investigational application of this method is facilitated by this study.
hGWO-SA: A Novel Hybrid Grey Wolf Optimizer-Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Engineering and Power System Optimization Problems
Authors: Kamboj Vikram Kumar
Published: July 2020

:

The improved variants of a Grey wolf optimizer have good exploration capability for the
global optimum solution. However, the exploitation competence of the existing variants of grey
wolf optimizer is unfortunate. Researchers are continuously trying to improve the exploitation
phase of the existing grey wolf optimizer, but still, the improved variants of grey wolf optimizer
lack in local search capability. In the proposed research, the exploitation phase of the existing grey
wolf optimizer has been further improved using a simulated annealing algorithm and the proposed
hybrid optimizer has been named as hGWO-SA algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed hybrid
variant has been tested for various benchmark problems, including multi-disciplinary optimization
and design engineering problems and unit commitment problems of the electric power system
and it has been experimentally found that the proposed optimizer performs much better than existing
variants of grey wolf optimizer. The feasibility of hGWO-SA algorithm has been tested for
small & medium scale power systems unit commitment problems, in which, the results for 4 unit, 5
unit, 6 unit, 7 unit, 10 units, 19 unit, 20 unit, 40 unit and 60 units are evaluated. The 10-generating
units are evaluated with 5% and 10% spinning reserve. The results obviously show that the
suggested method gives the superior type of solutions as compared to other algorithms.
A Note on Estimating the Case Fatality Ratio for Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors: Swain Prafulla Kumar
Published: July 2020

Background:

In this paper, an attempt has been made to estimate the Case Fatality Ratio
(CFR) for coronavirus disease of India and a few selected countries. And also, it highlighted the pros
and cons of obtaining crude and adjusted CFR of COVID-19 pandemic.

Material and Methods:

Data extracted from the WHO situation report and the University of Oxford
website have been used for this analysis. The CFR and its 95% confidence interval were computed,
trend and bar plot was used for graphical representation.

Results:

The worldwide crude CFR stands 6.73% (95% CI 6.69 to 6.76) based on 21, 83, 877 confirmed
and 1,46,872 death cases(as on 17th April, 2020). Belgium was the highest CFR at 13.95% as compared
to others. However, India’s CFR was found to be around 3.26% (as on 17th April, 2020).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the estimation and interpretation of CFR are critical in response to ongoing
COVID-19. The initial CFR estimates are subject to change, still, it is useful for healthcare planning
over the coming months. Moreover, the precise and robust estimates of CFR will be available only at the
end of the epidemic.
Efektivitas Model Pengukuran Kreativitas dalam Pembelajaran Hemisphere Kanas (HK) untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa Kelas V dalam Mata Pelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Marisi Abdul Kamil
Published: July 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mendiskripsikan: efektivitas model pengukutan kreativitas verbal, kebethasilan pengembangan pembelajaran hemisphere kanan (HK), dan komponen kreativitas yang dapat dikembangkan setelah diberikan perlakuan pembelajaran HK. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu penelitian quasi eksperimen pengembangan tes kreativitas dan tahap pembelajaran HK. Responden penelitian adalah 60 siswa. Tes kreativitas dikembangkan dari Test of Torrance Creative Thinking atau (TTCT). Keefektifan pengembangan model pengukuran kreativitas dianalisis dengan persamaan struktural atau Lisrel. Peningkatan kreativitas siswa dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: model yang digunakan efektif; penggunaan model pengukuran dapat meningkatkan kelancaran siswa dalam membuat pertanyaan, menebak sebab -akibat dari peristiwa, mengembangkan manfaat suatu benda, dan menggunakan sesuatu dengan cara yang luar biasa; pembelajaran HK dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dqlqm membuat kategori menebak sebab - akibat dari peristiwa dan meningkatkan kemampuan kerja sama, keaktifan, kemampuan mengerjakan tugas; dan meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam membangun hubungan dengan sesama guru dan hubungan dengan siswa.Kata kunci: kreativitas, model tes kreativitas, pembelajaran hemisphere kanan.
Pengembangan Program Macromedia Flash 8 untuk Pembelajaran Fisika di SMA
Authors: Susilowati Wiji
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah membuat dan mengevaluasi media pembelajaran fisika SMA menggunakan program Macromedia Flash 8. Subjek coba pada penelitian ini berjumlah 40 orang yang terdiri dari 10 siswa untuk uji coba instrumen penelitian, 10 siswa untuk ujicoba kelompok kecdl, dan 20 siswa untuk uji coba lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengguna­kan kuesioner dan tes fisika (pre-test dan post-test). Evaluasi terhadap program ditinjau dari aspek pembelajaran dan aspek media. Kritik dan saran digunakan untuk memperbaiki program.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program Macromedia Flash 8 untuk pembelajaran fisika di SMA: (1) dirancang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip desain pembelajaran, (2) terbukti mampu menaikkan skor rerata tes fisika siswa sebesar 55,42%, (3) memiliki efisiensi waktu yang tinggi, (4) ditinjau dari aspek media Hinilai cukup bagus/menarik (dinilai/dikategorikan sedang) oleh siswa, (5) ditinjau dari aspek pembelajaran secara keseluruhan program ini dinilai tinggi/jelas dimengerti oleh siswa, (6) ditinjau dari aspek media dinilai menarik (bagus/kategori tinggi) oleh guru fisika, dan (7) ditinjau dari aspek pembelajaran juga dinilai menarik (bagus/kategori tinggi) oleh guru fisika.Kata kunci: media pembelajaran fisika diSMA.
Pencapaian Standar Kompetensi Siswa SMK Negeri Program Keahlian Tata Busana di Kota Yogyakarta dalam Pembelajaran dengan KBK
Authors: Widihastuti Widihastuti
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini ditulis berdasarkan hasil penelitian evaluasi keefektifan pembelajaran pada penerapan KBK di Program Keahlian Tata Busana Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian meliputi 671 siswa Program Keahlian Tata Busana SMK Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta yang telah melaksanakan KBK. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 137 siswa yang ditentukan dengan teknik proportional stratified random sampling menggunakan rumus Krejcie & Morgan. Data penelitian diperoleh dari dokumen nilai prestasi akademik siswa, yang meliputi nilai normatif, adaptif, dan produktif. Teknik analisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial dengan bantuan komputer paket program SPSS 10 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: pembelajaran pembentukan kompetensi normatif cukup efekti£ dan pembentukan kompetensi adaptif dan produktif kurang efektif. Kata kunci:  pencapaian standar kompetensi siswa
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DAN KEMAMPUAN ANALITIK TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN PNEUMATIK MAHASISWA TEKNIK MESIN UNY
Authors: Triyono M. Bruri
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan pneumatik pada mahasiswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran lengkap dan demonstrasi sesuai berdasarkan kemampuan analitiknya pada pembelajaran mata kuliah Pneumatik Hidroulik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan variabel terikat keterampilan pneumatik, variabel bebas strategi pembelajaran, dan variabel atribut kemampuan analitik mahasiswa. Rancangan eksperimen faktorial 2x2 dengan dua ta-raf kualifikasi variabel bebas yaitu strategi pembelajaran lengkap dan demonstrasi. Dua kelas sebagai subyek penelitian dengan 32 mahasiswa pada masing-masing kelas, sehingga jumlah keseluruhan adalah 64 mahasiswa yang dipilih secara random. Temuan penelitian ini adalah (1) keterampilan pneumatik mahasiswa yang diajar dengan strategi lengkap lebih tinggi dibanding yang diajar dengan strategi demonstrasi, (2) kelompok mahasiswa yang berkemampuan analitik tinggi dan diajar dengan strategi lengkap, keterampilannya lebih tinggi dibanding yang diajar dengan strategi demonstrasi, (3) kelompok mahasiswa yang berkemampuan analitik rendah dan diajar dengan strategi demonstrasi, keterampilannya lebih tinggi dibanding yang diajar dengan strategi lengkap, (4) ada interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dan kemampuan analitik terhadap keterampilan pneumatik. Kata kunci:      strategi pembelajaran, kemampuan analitik, keterampilan pneumatik