bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK DENGAN PERMAINAN GATRIK PADA MATERI OPERASI HITUNG CAMPURAN KELAS IV SD
Authors: Alkulub Alfatah Ibnu
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThis research has purposed to find out the effectiveness of realistic mathematics education with gatrik game on arithmatic operation mix material in elementary school grade IV at Public Elementary School Palang district Tuban. The result data analysis of implementation realistic mathematics education materials revealed to: (1) Teachers be able to teaching the materials nicely, (2) Students activities during learning process is effective, (3) Students responses during learning process are positive, and (4) classical Students completeness is achieved. Based on the result of this research, Researcher concluded that realistic mathematics learning using gatrik game is effective when applied on arithmatic operation mix in elementary school grade IV. Keywords: Realistic mathematic education and gatrik games ABSTRAK                                                                                          Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keefektifan pembelajaran matematika realistik dengan permainan gatrik pada materi operasi hitung campuran di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri Palang Kabupaten Tuban. Hasil analisis data implementasi perangkat pembelajaran terungkap bahwa: (1) guru dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan baik, (2) aktivitas siswa selama pembelajaran efektif, (3) respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran positif, dan (4) ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal tercapai.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika realistik dengan permainan gatrik efektif digunakan pada materi operasi hitung campuran di kelas IV SD. Kata Kunci: pembelajaran matematika realistik dan permainan gatrik.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN SISWA MENGENAI HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR SEBAGAI WARGA NEGARA
Authors: Prasetia Hendra
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to research the effect of problem based learning on students' understanding of the rights and obligations of primary school students as citizenship. The type of the research was experimental research with pretest-posttest control group research design. Results of testing the hypothesis that t value obtained is equal to 5.216 and a significance value of 0.000. Thus the t value obtained is greater than t table (5.216> 2.408), while the significance value is smaller than the value of Î± (0.000 <0.05). Based on these results, the hypothesis is accepted, meaning that a significant difference between problem-based learning, the students' understanding of the rights and obligations of primary school students as citizenship. Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Students Understanding, the Rights and Duties of Students. ABSTRAK                                                                                          Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap pemahaman siswa mengenai hak dan kewajiban siswa sekolah dasar sebagai warga negara. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan bentuk desain penelitian pretest-posttest control group design. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menjelaskan nilai t hitung yang didapat yaitu sebesar 5.216 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000, hasil pengujian hipotesis tersebut menunjukkan bahwa nilai t hitung yang didapat lebih besar dari nilai t dalam tabel (5,216>2,408) sedangkan nilai signifikansi tersebut lebih kecil dari nilai Î± (0,000<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka hipotesis diterima, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pembelajaran berbasis masalah, terhadap pemahaman siswa akan hak dan kewajiban siswa sekolah dasar sebagai warga negara. Kata Kunci : Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Masalah, Pemahaman Siswa, Hak dan kewajiban siswa.
Analisis Fundamental Terhadap Harga Saham yang Terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index Tahun 2010-2017
Authors: Masruri Zaimsyah Annisa
Published: November 2019

This study discusse the influence Book Value (BV), Price Book Value (PBV), Earning Per Share (EPS) Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Price to Equity (PER) and Share prices of companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic index (JII). JII chosen because this index is a sharia index with good fundamental character, large capitalization and risk. The data used this research is secondary data from the financial stetements of the companys that became the sample of the research from the official website Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sampel this research to 18 companys period 2013-2017. The results show that variable BV and DER does not affect stock prices but variable PBV, EPS and PER effect on stock prices
Die Verhandlungen des Basler Konzils mit den Böhmen und die Prager Kompaktaten als Friedensvertrag
Authors: Prügl Thomas
Published: November 2019

This article retraces the most important steps and negotiations between the Council of Basel and Hussite Bohemia, resulting in the peace treaty (Compactata) of Jihlava.on July 5, 1436. Besides examining the literary form of the Compactata, the study pays special attention to the expert opinions of Thomas Ebendorfer and Heinrich Kalteisen, composed and delivered in late August of 1433, in which the two theologians argued fiercely against any concessions to the Hussites regarding the communion under both species. The expertise of Kalteisen (avisamentum), preserved in a single manuscript in his personal dossier on Hussite material, is edited as an appendix.
Lateran V and Peace among Christian Princes
Authors: Minnich Nelson H.
Published: November 2019

The establishment of peace among Christian princes was a task assigned to the Fifth Lateran Council (1512–17) by the election capitularies of Julius ii (1503–13) and Leo X (1513–21), formally adopted in the bull of convocation, and repeated in the conciliar speeches of the popes and orators. The popes intervened to settle squabbles among conciliar participants and had the council issue bulls calling for peace and mandating prayers for it and the sending of letters, nuncios, and legates to promote it. Outside the council chamber, Leo X worked tirelessly to negotiate peace terms that would unite the Christian princes in a joint crusade against the infidels. He ended the council with peace agreements in place that would be broken by the French and then by others.
Un tentativo fallito di pacificazione religiosa. Alcuni aspetti della trasmissione dell’invito al Concilio Vaticano I ai vescovi greco-ortodossi dell’Impero Ottomano e del Regno Ellenico
Authors: Pioppi Carlo
Published: November 2019

In this paper we present the invitation to participate in the First Vatican Council, addressed to the Greek Orthodox bishops of the Ottoman Empire (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Albania, Macedonia, Thrace, Bulgaria, Romania, Anatolia, Cyprus and Crete, Middle East, Egypt) and the Kingdom of Greece. The study focuses specially on the Orthodox bishops reached by the invitation, through visits by Catholic clerics or through postal expeditions. The sources used are the correspondence between the Catholic bishops and apostolic vicars of these areas and the Congregation of Propaganda Fide, which are found in the archive of this Congregation and partly in the historical work on the First Vatican Council by Eugenio Cecconi (published between 1872 and 1879). We try to identify the reasons of the failure of this initiative, as well as the attitudes and reactions of the Catholic prelates in charge of the operation with regard to the Roman directives.
La Paz en el Concilio Vaticano ii
Authors: Alejos Carmen–José
Published: November 2019

The Second Vatican Council addressed the question of peace and war in the nos. 77–90 of the Pastoral Constitution Gaudium et spes. A few years after the end of the Second World War, the Council Fathers and the whole of humanity were aware of its devastating effects and need to avoid a new conflict. The Second Vatican Council began and developed in a global context of decolonization of 38 countries, of growth of superpowers and of cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union. The different editorial schemes show the thought of the Council Fathers, which evolved from proposing peace as a struggle against war, up to posing it as the best condition for the community, which must be complete, durable and stable. Thus the Council firmly rejected all forms of war (just war, total war) and violence; the arms race was also condemned, and at the same time an appeal was made to humanity to free itself from the old slavery of war.
What is the Vulgate? Girolamo Seripando’s notes on the Vulgate
Authors: Gerace Antonio
Published: November 2019

Before the issue of the Insuper decree (1546), by means of which the Council Fathers declared the Vulgate to be the ‘authentic’ Bible for Catholic Church, Girolamo Seripando took few notes discussing the need of a threefold Bible, in Latin, Greek and Hebrew, as he stressed in the General Congregation on 3 April 1546. Only Rongy (1927/28), Jedin (1937) and François/Gerace (2018) paid attention to this document, preserved at the National Library in Naples in a manuscript of the 17th century (Ms. Vind. Lat. 66, 123v–127v). In this article, the author offers the very first transcription of these notes together with the analysis of Seripando’s sources, providing a new primary source to early modern historians.
An artificial neural network model for predicting characteristic input parameters for physics based modelling of drying process
Authors: Sinha Ankita , Bhargav Atul
Published: November 2019

Drying is crucial in the quality preservation of food materials. Physics-based models are effective tools to optimally control the drying process. However, these models require accurate thermo-physical properties; unavailability or uncertainty in the values of these properties increases the possibility of error. Property estimation methods are not standardized, and usually involve the use of many instruments and are time-consuming. In this work, we have developed an experimentally validated deep learning-based artificial neural network model that estimates sensitive input parameters of food materials using temperature and moisture data from a set of simple experiments. This model predicts input parameters with error less than 1%. Further, using input parameters, physics-based model predicts temperature and moisture to within 5% accuracy of experiments. The proposed work when interfaced with food machinery could play a significant role in process optimization in food processing industries.
Novel method for handling Ethereum attack
Authors: Hall G. , M Mansi , I Makrant
Published: November 2019

Block-chain world is very dynamic and there is need for strong governance and underlying technology architecture to be robust to face challenges. This paper considers Ethereum, a leading block chain. We deep dive into the nature of this block chain, wherein for software upgrades forks are performed. They types of forks and impact is discussed. A specific Ethereum hack led to a hard fork and focus is provided on understanding the hack and overcoming it from a novel approach. The current model has been unable to handle multiple Ethereum attacks. Thus the current approach is compared against a novel approach providing a security and scaling solution. Here the architecture draws upon combining block-chain layers into operating system level. The approach can have tremendous benefits to block chain world and improve the way decentralized application teams perform. The benefits of the novel architecture is discussed. The approach helps safe guard block chain projects, making them safer and chain agnostic.
KONSEP DIRI PEROKOK STUDI KASUS PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Heryadi Adi
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan konsep diri pada remaja putri perokok serta mengetahui latar belakang terbentuknya konsep diri dan perilaku merokok pada remaja putri. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah individu yang berjenis kelamin perempuan, berada dalam rentang usia 12-22 tahun, serta memiliki kecanduan terhadap rokok, yang didapatkan berdasarkan preliminary study (penelitian awal). Subjek penelitian berjumlah tiga orang, masing-masing berusia 22 tahun, 21 tahun, dan 20 tahun. Desain penelitian yang digunakan ialah studi kasus, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sample atau sampel bertujuan. Sedangkan metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan proses wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan triangulasi yang berupa skala. Metode analisis data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data, menulis verbatim dan membuat tema-tema, membahas hasil pada kode-kode, mengelompokkan ke dalam tema-tema dan kategorisasi lalu dianalisis secara mendalam, kemudian ditarik pada kesimpulan. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa konsep diri subjek dipengaruhi oleh pola asuh orangtua, lingkungan dan pengalaman yang pada akhirnya membentuk konsep diri subjek, dimana pada hasil penelitian ini sebagian besar menunjukkan ciri-ciri konsep diri positif. Data kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang paling berpengaruh pada pembentukan konsep diri subjek ialah aspek sosial, dimana apabila dikaitkan dengan pembentukan perilaku merokoknya, akan sangat sesuai dengan hasil kualitatif yang menunjukkan bahwa subjek mengawali perilaku merokok karena pengaruh dari aspek sosial. Kata Kunci: konsep diri, perilaku merokok, remaja putri
Seminar (Referensi Jurnal)
Authors: Wahyudi Zaki Nur
Published: November 2019

Seminar (Referensi Jurnal)
THE INFLUENCE OF RAILWAY DEVELOPMENT ON THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL ECONOMY: AN INPUT-OUTPUT APPROACH
Authors: dwiatmoko hermanto , supriyatno dadang , Hidayat Achmad Kemal , Setiawan M Ikhsan
Published: November 2019

This paper aims to investigate the effect of railway development on the Indonesia national economy with Input-Output analysis. The data used in this study are Input- Output data from 2000 to 2010. Input-Output data analysis generates contribution, value added, intermediate input, final input, linkage and multiple impacts of railway to other modes of transportation and national economy. The result of Input-Output data analysis concludes that railway has forward and backward linkage to various sub sectors, therefore it can become superior sub-sector to increase national economic growth. The research results find out that if there is a development or investment in the railway subsector of IDR. 1 billion, this, will, therefore, give impact to: (a) the amount of economic output will increase into IDR 1.63 billion; (b) the income of the society members will become IDR. 362,5 million; (c) will upgrade the employment opportunities into 9.5 people. Accordingly, there is a need to modify the government budget (APBN) that will focus primarily on developing railway transportation, both in goods and passengers vehicles.
Evidence for Object-Place binding in pigeons in a sequence-learning procedure
Authors: Blaisdell Aaron
Published: November 2019

We studied object-location binding in pigeons using a sequence learning procedure. A sequence of four objects was presented, one at a time at one of four locations on a touchscreen. A single peck at the object ended the trial, and food reinforcement was delivered intermittently. In Experiment 1, a between-subjects design was used to present objects, locations, or both in a regular sequence or randomly. Response time costs on nonreinforced probe tests on which object order, location order, or both were disrupted revealed sequence learning effects. Pigeons encoded location order when it was consistent, but not object order when it alone was consistent. When both were consistent, pigeons encoded both, and also showed evidence of object-location binding. In Experiment 2, two groups of pigeons received training on sequences where the same object always appeared at the same location. For some pigeons a consistent sequence was used while for others sequence order was randomized. Only when sequence order was consistent was object-location binding found. These experiments are the first demonstrations of strong and lasting feature binding in pigeons.
Economic impacts of Universidade of Contestado (UnC) on Canoinhas, SC, development (Portuguese)
Authors: Alves Jorge , Gumbowski Argos
Published: November 2019

It was measured and evaluated the economic impact and job creation on from the expenses and investments of the University of Contestado in Canoinhas municipality using a Keynesian spending multiplier model of whose coefficient was estimated at 2.84. The total economic impact motivated by the university in the local economy was about 252.8 million reais, or 6.47% of the city’s GDP.
A INOVAÇÃO NA PESQUISA EM CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SOCIAIS COMO MODO DE CONCRETIZAR EPISTEMOLOGIAS DO SUL
Authors: Noronha Pedro Henrique Baiotto , Brutti Tiago Anderson , Lauxen Sirlei De Lourdes
Published: November 2019

As constantes mudanças socioculturais e o dinamismo evidenciado na modernidade líquida trazem à baila uma discussão sobre a necessidade de inovação e de um pensamento crítico-reflexivo relacionado às epistemologias e às metodologias da pesquisa, bem como aos resultados obtidos nas investigações desenvolvidas nas áreas das ciências sociais e das ciências humanas. Este artigo busca relacionar esta situação à definição de epistemologias do sul e ecologia dos saberes, desenvolvidas por Boaventura de Sousa Santos e Maria Paula Meneses, partindo da hipótese, confirmada nas considerações finais, de que, para valorizar as pesquisas que aqui se produzem e questionar a impossibilidade de se obter um conhecimento próprio e local, faz-se necessário construir as condições para que estas perspectivas sejam chamadas ao debate acadêmico. Utilizou-se para a exposição deste estudo a revisão bibliográfica e o método dedutivo de abordagem.
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: An elderly patient with a past history of lobar brain hemorrhage and recent history of recurrent lobar brain hemorrhages
Authors: Hussein Hathor , Ibrahim Mehrit
Published: November 2019

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is an important cause of intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) can be classified into two groups; those with edema or sulcal effacement (ARIA-E) and those with cerebral microbleeds or small hemorrhages (ARIA-H). There is an aggressive form of CAA, called CAA-related inflammation (CAA-ri) which is characterized by vascular or perivascular inflammation. Current treatment guidelines do not recommend routine use of steroids for intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Methods: We describe the clinical course, radiologic and pathologic findings of a 78-year-old man with recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage. Diagnostic studies included CT and MRI-scans of the brain, histopathology studies and autopsy. Results: The patient was diagnosed with a vasculitic form of amyloid angiopathy. Treatment with steroids resulted in clinical and radiological improvement. Conclusions: There might be a benefit of steroid or other immunosuppressive therapy in some patients with recurrent lobar hemorrhage related to CAA. Patients demonstrating edema out of proportion to the size of hematoma and extension of edema to the sub-cortical U fibers on imaging studies due to underlying vasculitis or CAA-ri may be candidates for such therapeutic interventions.
Potentiation of Natural Killer Cells in Cancer Immunology and Reproductive Medicine
Authors: Kiran Thadakala
Published: November 2019

The discovery of NK cells in more than 30 years ago, open a new era in immunology and specifically in cancer immunology and reproductive immunology. Many studies have been taken place in medicine in order to obtain new diagnostic panels and therapeutic strategies involving NK cells. High NK cell activity has been associated with miscarriage and embryo implantation failure, because these cells attack the embryo in its early development in the uterus and recognize as a foreign body.
Bladder and Urothelial Carcinoma by Response of Serum Tumor Markers
Authors: Verma Prashant
Published: November 2019

Tumor markers such as beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (bHCG) and Carboxyhydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) have long been associated with bladder cancer and although their expression is associated with poorer oncological outcomes, they have little role in the routine clinical management of this disease. Recent advances in engineered antibody technology have lead to renewed interest in these markers as potential targets for new therapeutics. Here we report the case of a patient with locally advanced bladder cancer and the response of serum bHCG and CA19-9 to endoscopic resection and then radical cystectomy and serves to highlight how these tumor markers might be used to measure treatment effect.
To be a “Lymphomatoid Papulosis Type E” or not to be? That Is a Question
Authors: Lee Yong-Moon , Choi Seungkyu
Published: November 2019

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) Type E is a recently introduced subtype of LyP presenting with escar-like lesions and characterized with angiocentric invasion of dermal blood vessels by CD30 positive atypical lymphocytes resulting necrosis of their walls. Owing to its considerable histologic characteristics such as dense dermal infiltration of CD30 positive large atypical lymphocytes showing high mitotic activity, and angiodestructive invasion, it is challengible to discriminate LyP Type E to aggressive cutanoues lymphomas.
Diffusion tensor imaging reveals microstructural differences between subtypes of trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Willsey Matthew S. , Collins Kelly L. , Conrad Erin C. , Chubb Heather A. , Patil Parag G.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an uncommon idiopathic facial pain syndrome. To assist in diagnosis, treatment, and research, TN is often classified as type 1 (TN1) when pain is primarily paroxysmal and episodic or type 2 (TN2) when pain is primarily constant in character. Recently, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has revealed microstructural changes in the symptomatic trigeminal root and root entry zone of patients with unilateral TN. In this study, the authors explored the differences in DTI parameters between subcategories of TN, specifically TN1 and TN2, in the pontine segment of the trigeminal tract.

METHODS

The authors enrolled 8 patients with unilateral TN1, 7 patients with unilateral TN2, and 23 asymptomatic controls. Patients underwent DTI with parameter measurements in a region of interest within the pontine segment of the trigeminal tract. DTI parameters were compared between groups.

RESULTS

In the pontine segment, the radial diffusivity (p = 0.0049) and apparent diffusion coefficient (p = 0.023) values in TN1 patients were increased compared to the values in TN2 patients and controls. The DTI measures in TN2 were not statistically significant from those in controls. When comparing the symptomatic to asymptomatic sides in TN1 patients, radial diffusivity was increased (p = 0.025) and fractional anisotropy was decreased (p = 0.044) in the symptomatic sides. The apparent diffusion coefficient was increased, with a trend toward statistical significance (p = 0.066).

CONCLUSIONS

Noninvasive DTI analysis of patients with TN may lead to improved diagnosis of TN subtypes (e.g., TN1 and TN2) and improve patient selection for surgical intervention. DTI measurements may also provide insights into prognosis after intervention, as TN1 patients are known to have better surgical outcomes than TN2 patients.
Aspirin associated with decreased rate of intracranial aneurysm growth
Authors: Zanaty Mario , Roa Jorge A. , Nakagawa Daichi , Chalouhi Nohra , Allan Lauren , Al Kasab Sami , Limaye Kaustubh , Ishii Daizo , Samaniego Edgar A. , Jabbour Pascal , Torner James C. , Hasan David M.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

Aspirin has emerged as a potential agent in the prevention of rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). In this study, the authors’ goal was to test if aspirin is protective against aneurysm growth in patients harboring multiple IAs ≤ 5 mm.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database covering the period July 2009 through January 2019. Patients’ data were included if the following criteria were met: 1) the patient harbored multiple IAs; 2) designated primary aneurysms were treated by surgical/endovascular means; 3) the remaining aneurysms were observed for growth; and 4) a follow-up period of at least 5 years after the initial treatment was available. Demographics, earlier medical history, the rupture status of designated primary aneurysms, aneurysms’ angiographic features, and treatment modalities were gathered.

RESULTS

The authors identified 146 patients harboring a total of 375 IAs. At the initial encounter, 146 aneurysms were treated and the remaining 229 aneurysms (2–5 mm) were observed. During the follow-up period, 24 (10.48%) of 229 aneurysms grew. All aneurysms observed to grow later underwent treatment. None of the observed aneurysms ruptured. Multivariate analysis showed that aspirin was significantly associated with a decreased rate of growth (odds ratio [OR] 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05–0.63). Variables associated with an increased rate of growth included hypertension (OR 14.38, 95% CI 3.83–53.94), drug abuse (OR 11.26, 95% CI 1.21–104.65), history of polycystic kidney disease (OR 9.48, 95% CI 1.51–59.35), and subarachnoid hemorrhage at presentation (OR 5.91, 95% CI 1.83–19.09).

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with multiple IAs, aspirin significantly decreased the rate of aneurysm growth over time. Additional prospective interventional studies are needed to validate these findings.
Contemporary assessment of extent of resection in molecularly defined categories of diffuse low-grade glioma: a volumetric analysis
Authors: Kavouridis Vasileios K. , Boaro Alessandro , Dorr Jeffrey , Cho Elise Y. , Iorgulescu J. Bryan , Reardon David A. , Arnaout Omar , Smith Timothy R.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

While the effect of increased extent of resection (EOR) on survival in diffuse infiltrating low-grade glioma (LGG) patients is well established, there is still uncertainty about the influence of the new WHO molecular subtypes. The authors designed a retrospective analysis to assess the interplay between EOR and molecular classes.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 326 patients treated surgically for hemispheric WHO grade II LGG at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital (2000–2017). EOR was calculated volumetrically and Cox proportional hazards models were built to assess for predictive factors of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and malignant progression–free survival (MPFS).

RESULTS

There were 43 deaths (13.2%; median follow-up 5.4 years) among 326 LGG patients. Median preoperative tumor volume was 31.2 cm3 (IQR 12.9–66.0), and median postoperative residual tumor volume was 5.8 cm3 (IQR 1.1–20.5). On multivariable Cox regression, increasing postoperative volume was associated with worse OS (HR 1.02 per cm3; 95% CI 1.00–1.03; p = 0.016), PFS (HR 1.01 per cm3; 95% CI 1.00–1.02; p = 0.001), and MPFS (HR 1.01 per cm3; 95% CI 1.00–1.02; p = 0.035). This result was more pronounced in the worse prognosis subtypes of IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype astrocytoma, for which differences in survival manifested in cases with residual tumor volume of only 1 cm3. In oligodendroglioma patients, postoperative residuals impacted survival when exceeding 8 cm3. Other significant predictors of OS were age at diagnosis, IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype astrocytoma classes, adjuvant radiotherapy, and increasing preoperative volume.

CONCLUSIONS

The results corroborate the role of EOR in survival and malignant transformation across all molecular subtypes of diffuse LGG. IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype astrocytomas are affected even by minimal postoperative residuals and patients could potentially benefit from a more aggressive surgical approach.
Endoscopic transorbital approach to the infratemporal fossa and parapharyngeal space: a cadaveric study
Authors: Gerges Mina M. , Godil Saniya S. , Younus Iyan , Rezk Michael , Schwartz Theodore H.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

The infratemporal fossa (ITF) and parapharyngeal space are anatomical regions that can be challenging to access without the use of complex, cosmetically disfiguring approaches. With advances in endoscopic techniques, a new group of surgical approaches to access the intracranial space through the orbit has been recently referred to as transorbital neuroendoscopic surgery (TONES). The objective of this study was to establish a transorbital endoscopic approach utilizing the inferior orbital fissure (IOF) to gain access to the ITF and parapharyngeal space and provide a detailed endoscopic anatomical description of this approach.

METHODS

Four cadaveric heads (8 sides) were dissected using a TONES approach through the IOF to reach the ITF and parapharyngeal space, providing stepwise dissection with detailed anatomical findings and a description of each step.

RESULTS

An inferior eyelid approach was made with subperiosteal periorbital dissection to the IOF. The zygomatic and greater wing of the sphenoid were drilled, forming the boundaries of the IOF. The upper head of the lateral pterygoid muscle in the ITF and parapharyngeal space was removed, and 7 distinct planes were described, each with its own anatomical contents. The second part of the maxillary artery was mainly found in plane 1 between the temporalis laterally and the lateral pterygoid muscle in plane 2. The branches of the mandibular nerve (V3) and middle meningeal artery (MMA) were identified in plane 3. Plane 4 was formed by the fascia of the medial pterygoid muscle (MTM) and the tensor veli palatini muscle. The prestyloid segment, found in plane 5, was composed mainly of fat and lymph nodes. The parapharyngeal carotid artery in the poststyloid segment, found in plane 7, was identified after laterally dissecting the styloid diaphragm, found in plane 6. V3 and the origin of the levator and tensor veli palatini muscles serve as landmarks for identification of the parapharyngeal carotid artery.

CONCLUSIONS

The transorbital endoscopic approach provides excellent access to the ITF and parapharyngeal space compared to previously described complex and morbid transfacial or transcranial approaches. Using the IOF is an important and useful landmark that permits a wide exposure.
One hundred years of neurosurgery at the Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University (1919–2019)
Authors: Opalak Charles F. , Vega Rafael A. , Koste Jodi L. , Graham R. Scott , Valadka Alex B.
Published: November 2019

The Department of Neurosurgery at the Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) celebrates its 100th anniversary in 2019. It was founded by C. C. Coleman, who directed the US Army School of Brain Surgery during World War I and was one of the original members of the Society of Neurological Surgeons. Coleman began a residency program that was among the first four such programs in the United States and that produced such prominent graduates as Frank Mayfield, Gayle Crutchfield, and John Meredith. Neurosurgery at VCU later became a division under the medical school’s surgery department. Division chairs included William Collins and Donald Becker. It was during the Becker years that VCU became a leading National Institutes of Health–funded neurotrauma research center. Harold Young oversaw the transition from division to department and expanded the practice base of the program. In 2015, Alex Valadka assumed leadership and established international collaborations for research and education. In its first 100 years, VCU Neurosurgery has distinguished itself as an innovator in clinical research and an incubator of compassionate and service-oriented physicians.
Endoscopic endonasal cyst fenestration into the sphenoid sinus using the mucosa coupling method for symptomatic Rathke’s cleft cyst: a novel method for maintaining cyst drainage to prevent recurrence
Authors: Kino Hiroyoshi , Akutsu Hiroyoshi , Tanaka Shuho , Hara Takuma , Miyamoto Hidetaka , Sakamoto Noriaki , Takano Shingo , Masumoto Tomohiko , Shiigai Masanari , Ishikawa Eiichi , Matsumura Akira
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

Rathke’s cleft cyst (RCC) is a benign cystic lesion with a relatively high incidence of local recurrence that occasionally requires repeat surgery. To prevent recurrence, simple cyst fenestration and drainage of the cyst contents to the sphenoid sinus is recommended, but it occasionally recurs. The authors postulated that obstruction of fenestration is a main cause of recurrence, and they developed a method, named the “mucosa coupling method (MC method),” that maintains persistent drainage. In this method, the RCC epithelium and the mucosa of the sphenoid sinus are connected, which promotes re-epithelialization between the two epithelia, maintaining persistent drainage. The outcome of this method was compared with that of conventional cyst fenestration.

METHODS

In a consecutive series of 40 patients with RCC, the surgical strategy was changed during the study period: from December 2009 to September 2014 (the conventional period), 24 patients were scheduled to be treated using the conventional fenestration method, whereas from September 2014 to September 2017 (the MC period), 16 patients were scheduled to be treated using the MC method. However, because of an intraoperative CSF leak, the fenestration was closed during surgery in 3 patients in the conventional period and 2 in the MC period; therefore, these 5 patients were excluded from the analysis. Twenty-one patients treated with the conventional fenestration method (conventional group) and 14 patients treated with the MC method (MC group) were analyzed. All patients regularly underwent MRI after surgery to detect reaccumulation of cyst contents. The rate of reaccumulation with and without reoperation, visual outcomes, endocrinological outcomes, and postoperative complications were compared between these two groups.

RESULTS

The median follow-up period in all 35 patients was 48.0 months (range 1–96 months), 54.0 months (range 1–96 months) in the conventional group and 35.5 months (range 12–51 months) in the MC group. No reaccumulation was detected on MRI in the 14 patients in the MC group, whereas it was noted in 9 (42.9%) of 21 patients in the conventional group, and 2 of these 9 patients required repeat surgery. There were no significant differences in visual and endocrinological outcomes and complications between these two groups.

CONCLUSIONS

The MC method for RCC is effective for preventing obstruction of cyst fenestration, which contributes to preventing cyst reaccumulation. Furthermore, this method is equivalent to the conventional fenestration method in terms of visual and endocrinological outcomes and the complication rate.
Risk of internal carotid artery stenosis or occlusion after single-fraction radiosurgery for benign parasellar tumors
Authors: Graffeo Christopher S. , Link Michael J. , Stafford Scott L. , Parney Ian F. , Foote Robert L. , Pollock Bruce E.
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an accepted treatment option for patients with benign parasellar tumors. Here, the authors’ objective was to determine the risk of developing new or progressive internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis or occlusion after single-fraction SRS for cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM) or growth hormone–secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA).

METHODS

The authors queried their prospectively maintained registry for patients treated with single-fraction SRS for CSM or GHPA in the period from 1990 to 2015. Study criteria included no prior irradiation and ≥ 12 months of post-SRS radiological follow-up. Pre-SRS grading of ICA involvement was applied according to the 1993 classification schemes of Hirsch for CSM or Knosp for GHPA.

RESULTS

The authors conducted a retrospective review of 283 patients, 155 with CSMs and 128 with GHPAs. Ninety-three (60%) CSMs were Hirsch category 2 and 3 tumors; 97 (76%) GHPAs were Knosp grade 2–4 tumors. Median follow-up after SRS was 6.6 years (IQR 1–24.9 years). No GHPA or category 1 CSM developed ICA stenosis or occlusion. Three (5.2%) patients with category 2 CSMs had asymptomatic ICA stenosis (n = 2) or occlusion (n = 1); 1 (1.1%) category 2 CSM patient had transient ischemic symptoms. Five (14.3%) category 3 CSMs progressed to ICA occlusion (4 asymptomatic, 1 symptomatic). The median time to stenosis/occlusion was 4.8 years (IQR 1.8–7.6). Five- and 10-year risks of ICA stenosis/occlusion in category 2 and 3 CSM patients were 7.5% and 12.4%, respectively. Five- and 10-year risks of ischemic stroke from ICA stenosis/occlusion in category 2 and 3 CSM patients were both 1.2%. Multivariate analysis showed patient age (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.98, p = 0.01), meningioma pathology (HR and 95% CI not defined, p = 0.03), and pre-SRS carotid category (HR 4.51, 95% CI 1.77–14.61, p = 0.004) to be associated with ICA stenosis/occlusion. Internal carotid artery stenosis/occlusion was not related to post-SRS tumor growth (HR and 95% CI not defined, p = 0.41).

CONCLUSIONS

New or progressive ICA stenosis/occlusion was common after SRS for CSM but was not observed after SRS for GHPA, suggesting a tumor-specific mechanism unrelated to radiation dose. Pre-SRS ICA encasement or constriction increases the risk of ICA stenosis/occlusion; however, the risk of ischemic complications is very low.
Masson’s tumor presenting as a left frontal intraparenchymal hemorrhage resulting in severe expressive aphasia during pregnancy: case report
Authors: Sankey Eric W. , Hynes Jenna S. , Komisarow Jordan M. , Maule Jake , Griffin Andrew S. , Dotters-Katz Sarah K. , Mitchell Courtney J. , Friedman Allan H.
Published: November 2019

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), commonly known as Masson’s tumor, is a benign lesion that manifests as an excessive proliferation of endothelial cells within a vessel wall. IPEH is extremely rare in the brain, with only 36 intracranial cases previously described in the literature. It is commonly mistaken for more malignant pathologies, such as angiosarcoma. Careful histopathological examination is required for diagnosis, as no clinical or radiographic features are characteristic of this lesion. In this first published case of intracranial IPEH presenting during pregnancy, the authors describe a 32-year-old female with a left frontal intraparenchymal hemorrhage resulting in complete expressive aphasia at 28 weeks 6 days’ gestation. An MRI scan obtained at a local hospital demonstrated an area of enhancement within the hemorrhage. The patient underwent a left frontoparietal craniotomy for hematoma evacuation and gross-total resection (GTR) of an underlying hemorrhagic mass at 29 weeks’ gestation. This case illustrates the importance of multidisciplinary patient care and the feasibility of intervention in the early third trimester with subsequent term delivery. While GTR of IPEH is typically curative, the decision to proceed with surgical treatment of any intracranial lesion in pregnancy must balance maternal stability, gestational age, and suspected pathology.
Dual BRAF/MEK therapy in BRAF V600E-mutated primary brain tumors: a case series showing dramatic clinical and radiographic responses and a reduction in cutaneous toxicity
Authors: Bernstein Aaron , Mrowczynski Oliver D. , Greene Amrit , Ryan Sandra , Chung Catherine , Zacharia Brad E. , Glantz Michael
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE

BRAF V600E is a common oncogenic driver in a variety of primary brain tumors. Dual inhibitor therapy using dabrafenib (a selective oral inhibitor of several mutated forms of BRAF kinase) and trametinib (a reversible inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2) has been used successfully for treatment of metastatic melanoma, anaplastic thyroid cancer, and other tumor types, but has been reported in only a few patients with primary brain tumors and none with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. Here, the authors report on the substantial clinical response and reduction in cutaneous toxicity in a case series of BRAF V600E primary brain cancers treated with dual BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy.

METHODS

The authors treated 4 BRAF V600E patients, each with a different type of primary brain tumor (pilocytic astrocytoma, papillary craniopharyngioma, ganglioglioma, and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma) with the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib.

RESULTS

The patients with pilocytic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, and papillary craniopharyngioma experienced near-complete radiographic and complete clinical responses after 8 weeks of therapy. A substantial partial response (by RANO [Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology] criteria) was observed in the patient with ganglioglioma. The patient with craniopharyngioma developed dramatic, diffuse verrucal keratosis within 2 weeks of starting dabrafenib. This completely resolved within 2 weeks of adding trametinib.

CONCLUSIONS

Dual BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy represents an exciting treatment option for patients with BRAF V600E primary brain tumors. In addition to greater efficacy than single-agent dabrafenib, this combination has the potential to mitigate cutaneous toxicity, one of the most common and concerning BRAF inhibitor–related adverse events.
Pengaruh Inovasi Crowdfunding Terhadap Keputusan Berdonasi
Authors: Safira Hasna  , Irwansyah
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh inovasi crowfunding terhadap keputusan berdonasi pada platform crowdfunding Kitabisa.com. Penelitian menggunakan teori difusi inovasi serta konsep-konsep mengenai crowdfunding, masalah sosial, dan donasi. Penelitian menggunakan paradigma positivis dan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan melakukan survey kepada donatur Kitabisa.com. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dengan parameter proporsi P yaitu 96 orang yang pernah melakukan donasi di Kitabisa.com melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan secara online (googleform). Data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh inovasi crowdfunding terhadap keputusan berdonasi sebesar 18,2%. Inovasi teknologi membuat kemudahan dalam melakukan donasi, namun kampanye pesan juga perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus untuk membangun kepercayaan sehingga membuat masyarakat melakukan kegiatan donasi.

 

Kata kunci: Crowdfunding, Donasi, Difusi Inovasi, Kitabisa

 

Abstract

 The objective of this research is to know the influence of crowdfunding innovation on the decision to donate to crowdfunding platforms Kitabisa.com. These are logical frameworks in this research, such as diffusion of innovation theory, crowdfunding, social problems, and donations. This research used the paradigm of positivism and quantitative approach by conducting an online survey from the donor Kitabisa.com.  The sample was selected using purposive sampling with parameter P proportions of 96 people who had made a donation at Kitabisa.com. The data were analysed using linear regression to see the influence between variables. The result of the research showed there was an impact of crowdfunding innovation on the decision to donate is 18.2%. Technological innovation makes it easy to make donations, but more attention has to be given to message campaign which is also essential to build trust so people can make donations.

 

Keywords: Crowdfunding, Donation, Diffusion innovation, Kitabisa
PENGARUH PERILAKU KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA GURU SD NEGERI PADA GUGUS DEWI SARTIKA DI UPTD PENDIDIKAN KECAMATAN SUKRA KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Sujono Sujono
Published: November 2019

Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis besaran pengaruh perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan budaya organisasi terhadap motivasi kerja guru SD Negeri pada Gugus Dewi Sartika di UPTD Pendidikan Kecamatan Sukra Kabupaten Indramayu baik secara parsial maupun ganda. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dalam menjaring data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap motivasi kerja guru (2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara budaya organisasi terhadap motivasi kerja (3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan budaya organisasi secara bersama-sama terhadap motivasi kerja guru. Bertolak dari hasil penelitian tersebut, disarankan bahwa: (1) Hal-hal yang harus dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah dalam upaya untuk memotivasi guru adalah dengan lebih meningkatkan keterlibatan para guru dalam proses perumusan aktivitas kerja. Dimana dengan meningkatkan keterlibatan guru tersebut selain munculnya ide dan saran yang akan memperlancar proses aktivitas kerja, diharapkan pula para guru akan lebih bertanggung jawab dalam pelaksanaan tugas yang diembannya. (2) Baik guru maupun kepala sekolah diupayakan selalu menjaga tatanan nilai, kebiasaan-kebiasaan, dan kesepakatan-kesepakatan yang direfleksikan dalam tingkah laku keseharian dengan menumbuhkan kepercayaan, kekhasan, dan pola perilaku agar terbangun budaya organisasi yang kondusif sehingga menumbuhkembangan motivasi kerja guuru. (3) Guna memelihara motivasi kerja guru hendaknya dapat lebih menjaga kelancaran alur komunikasi, mempererat hubungan antar guru, serta bersikap lebih adil dan terbuka dalam penanganan konflik yang sedang terjadi.
Analisis Pertanyaan Uji Kompetensi pada Buku Biologi SMA/MA Kelas XII Penerbit Erlangga
Authors: Zehlia Agustina , Luzyawati Lesy , Hamidah Idah
Published: November 2019

Peserta didik belum menguasai soal-soal materi pembelahan sel dan pola-pola hereditas pada penilaian tengah semester dan penilaian akhir semester. Soal-soal latihan pada buku teks yang digunakan siswa belum diketahui kualitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil analisis pertanyaan uji kompetensi pada buku biologi SMA/MA penerbit Erlangga. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah pertanyaan uji kompetensi materi pembelahan sel dan pola-pola hereditas sebanyak 95 pertanyaan. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanyaan materi pembelahan sel didominasi oleh tingkat C1 konseptual denga persentase 30%, sesuai konten kompetensi dasar 3.6 sebesar 88% dan 16% tidak sesuai konten KD, komponen evaluasi terkait pengetahuan termasuk dalam kategori baik, sedangkan pertanyaan pada materi pola-pola hereditas didominasi oleh tingkat C3 prosedural dengan persentase 60%. Seluruh pertanyaan materi pola-pola hereditas sesuai dengan konten KD 3.5, 3.6, 4.5, dan 4.6 dengan persentase terbanyak pada KD 3.6 sebesar 71%, dan komponen evaluasi terkait pengetahuan termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Pertanyaan uji kompetensi pada buku biologi SMA/MA pnerbit Erlangga secara umum masih berada pada level lower order thingking skills, proporsi tiap konten kompetensi dasar belum merata dan penilaian komponen evaluasi terkait pengetahuan termasuk “baik
HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ENCRYPTION FOR ENHANCEMENT DGHV
Authors: Mahmood Zainab H. , Ibrahem Mahmood K.
Published: November 2019

In constructing a secure and reliable cloud computing environment, a fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) scheme is conceived as a major cryptographic tool, as it enables arbitrary arithmetic evaluation of a cipher text without revealing the plaintext. However, due to very high of fully homomorphic encryption systems stays impractical and unfit for real-time applications  One way to address this restriction is by using graphics processing unit (GPUs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to produce homomorphic encryption schemes. This paper represents the hardware implementation of an encryption for enhancement van Dijk, Gentry, Halevi and Vaikuntanathan’s (DGHV) scheme over the integer (DGHV10) using FPGA technology for high speed computation and real time results. The proposed method was simulated via Vivado system generator tools. Then design systems of fully homomrphic encryption are implemented in an FPGA hardware successfully using NEXYS 4 DDR board with ARTIX 7 XC7A100T FPGA. The Experimental results show that the FPGA- based fully homomorphic encryption system is 63 times faster than the simulation based implementation.