DIABETES MELLITUS INCIDENCE IN MOSCOW IN 2013-2022
Authors:   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Tsybikova Erzheny , Kotlovskiy Mikhail ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2024

Significance. Over the past 40 years, the number of patients with diabetes has quadrupled worldwide and currently stands at more than 500 million people. The main reason for the increase in the number of patients with diabetes mellitus is a rapid population growth, including in older age groups (55 years) in large cities and metropolitans. The purpose of the study was to analyze incidence of diabetes mellitus, including type I and type II diabetes, among various age groups of the Moscow population in 2013-2022. Material and methods. The study used information from the Federal Statistical Observation Form No. 12 and Rosstat data on the average annual population of Russia, the Central Federal District and Moscow for 2013-2022. The analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. program.3.1.1 (developed by Stattech LLC, Russia) Results. In Moscow, at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, the diabetes incidence decreased by 32.4% compared to 2019 and equaled to 132.3 per 100,000 population. In 2021-2022, the diabetes incidence remained at the same level, which was lower than years before the outbreak of the pandemic (2013-2019). This situation was caused by the dynamics in the incidence of type II diabetes, the average share of which in the diabetes incidence structure equaled to 95.3% in 2013-2022. At the same time, 97.5% of cases of type II diabetes were registered among people aged over 18 years. At the beginning of the pandemic in 2020, the incidence of type II diabetes decreased by 32.8% compared to 2019 and amounted to 125.6 per 100,000 population. In 2021-2022, the incidence of type II diabetes did not change and was lower compared to all years before the outbreak of the pandemic. Dynamics in the incidence of type I diabetes in Moscow in 2013-2022, including the period of the Covid-19 pandemic, was characterized by plateaus with fluctuations in values ranging from 6.7 to 10.1 and an average of 7.8 per 100,000 population. The age structure of the incidence of type I diabetes included groups of children under 17 years. The study results showed that during the pandemic in Moscow, the decrease in the diabetes incidence, especially type II diabetes, among age groups ≥18 years was more pronounced compared to Russia as a whole and the Central Federal District. One of the reasons for this situation could be the impact of restrictive measures (lockdowns) introduced during the pandemic, and for a longer time for older age groups (≥55 years). As a result, the implementation schedule of measures aimed at timely detection of patients with diabetes has been shortened, resulting in a decrease in the number of newly diagnosed patients, substantiating the decreased incidence of diabetes, and primarily type II diabetes, among older age groups. In the coming years after the pandemic, resuming the implementation schedule of measures aimed at timely detection of diabetes in the metropolitan population may contribute to a rise in the number of cases of diabetes and higher incidence of diabetes. Conclusion. Currently, the search for ways to improve effectiveness of measures aimed at timely detection of diabetes, and especially type II diabetes, among older age groups of the metropolitan population remains one of the urgent and socially significant tasks the Moscow healthcare is facing.