bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells by utilizing down-conversion NaYF4:Eu3+ nanophosphors
Authors: Jia Jinbiao , Dong Jia , Lin Jianming , Lan Zhang , Fan Leqing , Wu Jihuai
Published: December 2018

Perovskite solar cells assembled with titanium dioxide electron transport layer exhibited brilliant photovoltaic properties due to titanium dioxide having a high electron mobility, appropriate energy level alignment and easy fabrication procedure.
Hybrid approach for estimating dynamic states of synchronous generators
Authors: Akhlaghi Shahrokh , Zhou Ning , Huang Zhenyu
Published: December 2018

Accurate and robust estimation of dynamic states is essential for monitoring and controlling a power grid. To achieve higher accuracy and robustness, this study proposes a hybrid estimation approach to estimate the dynamic states of synchronous generators using multiple models, classified into a set of local models and a wide‐area model. The proposed estimation approach, first, estimates dynamic states using the extended Kalman filter based on a local model and a wide‐area model. Then, at each time step, probability indexes, which quantify the likelihood of both local and wide‐area models, are determined using hypothesis testing based on measurements innovations. Finally, using the weighted fix approach, the states estimated from the local and wide‐area models are combined based on their probability indexes. Simulation studies using the two‐area four‐machine system show that the proposed approach can improve estimation accuracy and increase robustness against model errors.
Environmentally constrained reliability‐based generation maintenance scheduling considering demand‐side management
Authors: Mollahassani‐Pour Mojgan , Rashidinejad Masoud , Pourakbari‐Kasmaei Mahdi
Published: December 2018

This study scrutinises the impacts of demand‐side resources (DSRs) on the power system reliability via a novel multi‐target generation maintenance (GM) model. The nominated model uses the lexicographic preferences to hierarchically consider the environmental issues, economics, and reliability of power systems. In this regard, the produced emission, which reflects the per unit produced pollutant values in different locations, is minimised. Taking into account the environmental constraints, the total incurred expenditures, including operating and maintenance costs, reserves costs, and total incentives are also minimised. Subsequently, the GM problem considering the correlation constraints is handled while the reliability index, the average net reserve value, is maximised over the scheduling horizon. The DSRs improve the system reliability such that the total costs, and emission level, do not exceed the situation in which DSRs are not available. The GM scheduling is a highly complicated problem and considering DSRs makes it even more complicated. To handle this problem more efficiently, appropriate linearisation technique is used, while the proposed model is formulated in GAMS modelling language. To evaluate the capability of DSRs in system reliability improvement, the modified 24‐bus IEEE‐RTS is conducted. Results indicate that by selecting proper location and incentives, significant improvement is obtained.
Chance‐constrained maintenance scheduling for interdependent power and natural gas grids considering wind power uncertainty
Authors: Wang Chong , Wang Zhaoyu , Wang Jianhui , Hou Yunhe
Published: December 2018

Considering the increased interactions between power grids and natural gas grids, this study presents a chance‐constrained maintenance scheduling model for integrated gas‐electric grids with wind energy integration. Given the uncertainties of wind power, the loss of wind power probability is modelled as a chance constraint, ensuring the high utilisation of wind power. To overcome the adversities caused by the non‐linear and non‐convex models of natural gas systems, a piecewise linear approximation method is employed to transform the non‐linear models into a group of mixed integer linear models. A big‐M formulation method is used to construct inequality constraints for lines/pipelines to be under maintenance. In addition, unit commitment is also coordinated to achieve the best maintenance strategies. The proposed chance‐constrained stochastic programming model is converted into an equivalent deterministic programming model via a strong extended formulation for the sample average approximation by leveraging the star‐inequalities. Several tests on a four‐node natural gas system with a six‐bus power system and a 20‐node natural gas system with a modified IEEE 118‐bus power system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Small‐signal stability analysis and particle swarm optimisation self‐tuning frequency control for an islanding system with DFIG wind farm
Authors: Yang Jhih‐Siang , Chen Yi‐Wei , Hsu Yuan‐Yih
Published: December 2018

Linearised model for frequency control of an islanding system comprising an equivalent synchronous generator and an equivalent doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is derived. Small signal stability analysis is performed to determine the stable regions for DFIG supplementary droop controller under various wind velocities. In order to achieve better dynamic frequency response under different system parameters, the DFIG droop gain is adapted in real‐time using a self‐tuning controller designed based on particle swarm optimisation technique. In order to validate the results from small signal analysis and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed self‐tuning frequency controller, digital simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK are performed on a local power system in central Taiwan. It is concluded from the simulation results that the proposed self‐tuning frequency controller offer better dynamic frequency response than the fixed‐gain droop controller.
Online power system dynamic security assessment with incomplete PMU measurements: a robust white‐box model
Authors: Zhang Yuchen , Xu Yan , Bu Siqi , Dong Zhao Yang , Zhang Rui
Published: December 2018

With the development of synchronised measurement technique, online dynamic security assessment (DSA) is of great significance to prevent power system blackout. Recently, based on the phasor measurement unit (PMU) data, intelligent data‐driven techniques have been rapidly developed for online DSA owing to their fast decision speed, less data requirement, and decision rule discovery ability. The interpretable decision rules provide useful information for preventive control and post‐event auditing. However, in case of incomplete measurement events, such as PMU failure, communication loss, and phasor data concentrator failure, the accuracy and the transparency of the intelligent models can be significantly impaired by such incomplete data. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a robust white‐box model that can sustain DSA accuracy and survive the model interpretability and transparency against incomplete PMU data. The proposed model is tested on New England 39‐bus system and demonstrates higher robustness over existing methods.
Engineering energy storage sizing method considering the energy conversion loss on facilitating wind power integration
Authors: Cao Minjian , Xu Qingshan , Nazaripouya Hamidreza , Chu Chi‐Cheng , Pota Hemanshu R. , Gadh Rajit
Published: December 2018

This study, based on a novel control strategy, proposes a sizing method for battery energy storage systems (ESSs), which makes the wind power system more dispatchable. The main objective of the proposed control‐based sizing method is to facilitate robust unit commitment by smoothing the output power of wind according to a desired reference. Owing to the energy conversion loss, the controller closely monitors the battery state of charge (SOC) to prevent the battery from being fully discharged during the smoothing procedure. The proposed controller can automatically revise the battery dispatching reference maintaining the SOC constant. In each dispatch interval, model predictive control is used in real time to ensure that the output power follows the generated reference. The ESS is sized according to the simulation results solved by the proposed control strategy. Meanwhile, the performance of the proposed control strategy is validated over actual wind power data.
Review of low voltage ride‐through technology of doubly‐fed induction generator
Authors: Niu Lele , Wang Xiao , Wu Linlin , Yan Feng , Xu Man
Published: December 2018

In recent years, with the increasing of wind power development, the demand for low voltage ride‐through (LVRT) technology was proposed to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power system. The key issue of LVRT strategy for doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) varies according to the network synchronisation modes. Firstly, the existed LVRT technologies when DFIG is connected to AC network are surveyed. Then relevant literatures about LVRT are summarised and analysed in regard to power surplus of two‐terminal system and DC voltage control of multi‐terminal system, respectively, when the wind farm is integrated with VSC‐high‐voltage direct current (HVDC). In the end, the coordinated control strategy of multi‐terminal VSC–HVDC system and LVRT technology for islanded system are prospected in this study.
SOC program for dust continuum radiative transfer
Authors: Juvela Mika
Published: December 2018

Context. Thermal dust emission carries information on physical conditions and dust properties in many astronomical sources. Because observations represent a sum of emission along the line of sight, their interpretation often requires radiative transfer (RT) modelling.

Aims. We describe a new RT program, SOC, for computations of dust emission, and examine its performance in simulations of interstellar clouds with external and internal heating.

Methods. SOC implements the Monte Carlo RT method as a parallel program for shared-memory computers. It can be used to study dust extinction, scattering, and emission. We tested SOC with realistic cloud models and examined the convergence and noise of the dust-temperature estimates and of the resulting surface-brightness maps.

Results. SOC has been demonstrated to produce accurate estimates for dust scattering and for thermal dust emission. It performs well with both CPUs and GPUs, the latter providing a speed-up of processing time by up to an order of magnitude. In the test cases, accelerated lambda iterations (ALIs) improved the convergence rates but was also sensitive to Monte Carlo noise. Run-time refinement of the hierarchical-grid models did not help in reducing the run times required for a given accuracy of solution. The use of a reference field, without ALI, works more robustly, and also allows the run time to be optimised if the number of photon packages is increased only as the iterations progress.

Conclusions. The use of GPUs in RT computations should be investigated further.
Energy Demand and Supply Forecasting Based on Electricity Consumption Intensity and Production Capacity for Development of Operating Support in Headquarter of Indonesian National Army
Authors: Nur Cahyo Budi , Agus Setiawan Ahmad , Wilopo Wahyu , Abdi Musyafiq Afrizal
Published: December 2018

Indonesia is one of the major countries composed of many islands; directly adjacent to several neighboring countries; and is also a country with a large population in the world. The security and resilience of the state of threats coming from abroad and within the country would have been anticipated by a government agency namely the Indonesian National Army (TNI). The TNI in performing its duties must be supported by means of supporting facilities for operations at headquarters. Supporting facilities for operations at the TNI Headquarters should have enough energy, especially on the need for electrical energy. The need for electrical energy at the TNI Headquarters is fully supported by the State Electricity Company (PLN). In this research will take into account the needs of Tower A and underground at TNI Headquarters which will be built with low voltage building planning. Analysis using LEAP to estimate demand and energy needs lsitrik at TNI Headquarters in order to experience the energy balance. The end result of this research is to provide recommendations to the TNI ranks regarding the capacity building of the necessary operational facilities at the TNI Headquarters.
Analysis of the Effect of Anode Porosity on Temperature Distribution on Planar Radial Type SOFC
Authors: Widiyanto Alif , Sulistyo  , Utomo MSK Tony Suryo
Published: December 2018

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical equipment that converts gas into electricity directly. The waste products resulting from SOFC are water vapor and heat when using hydrogen gas. The electrode of the SOFC is the anode, electrolyte and cathode. The performance of SOFC is influenced porosity of the electrode. This study explained the relationship between porosity of the anode and temperature distribution using computational fluid dynamics modeling approach (CFD). In this study, CFD modeling was done by using Fluent software. The geometry model of computational modeling is a planar radial-type SOFC. The assumptions of some boundary conditions used from the study of literature and the object of study. The standard deviation and the different of temperature of the anode-electrolyte surface used to analyse the result. Non-homogenous temperature distribution rise if the anode porosity and gas flow rate is increasing. This indicates the gradient of temperature is bigger in the higher porosity, which may cause thermal stress and degrades the materials of electrode.
The Study of Rice Husk as Co-Digestion Together with Cow Dung is Biogas Production of Anaerobic Digester
Authors: Mulyawan Sania Septiani , Aghnia Dini Widyani , Rianawati Elisabeth , Damanhuri Enri , Handjani Marisa , Padmi Tri , Fui Bridgid Chin Lai , Acda Menandro , Unrean Pornkamol
Published: December 2018

One of alternative waste-to-energy technologies to treat organic waste is anaerobic digestion. This study conducted by three stage of experiments using the laboratory scale biogas production from cow dung and rice husk as co-digestion. Based on the first stage experiments, TS 10% gave the highest accumulation of biogas 458 ml and 506,95 ml. In the second stage of the experiments, 10 ml media in TS 20% gave the highest accumulation of biogas production (743.1 ml). The last stage of experiments showe d that Blank TS 30% with 5 ml media gave the highest accumulation of biogas production (922.2 ml). From the last stage we can conclude that the presented of rice husk as a co-digestion didn’t give the significant effect to increase biogas production in anaerobic digestion, at least at room temperature. This caused by the high lignin and cellulose concentration in the rice husk that might resist or inhibit the production of biogas production. This is contrast situation when TS 40% occured, the existing of rice husk in AD will give positive impact to biogas produce.
Carrying Capacity of Gancik Hill Top for Ecotourism Development in Boyolali District
Authors: Sari Chandra Puspita , Rahayu Sri
Published: December 2018

Gancik Hill Top is one of the popular destinations in Boyolali District. Gancik Hill Top tourist destination is located at the foot of Mount Merbabu with an altitude between 1850 m above sea level that presents the concept of mountain resorts in the form of a view of Mount Merapi and is an alternative path to climb Mount Merbabu. Tourist visits from the Selo climbing route are the highest compared to the three climbing routes opened by the Gunung Merbabu National Park. Stretching tourist interest through the Selo line due to other supporting factors such as the traditions and culture of the local community. Selo is included in landslide prone areas in the area of Gunung Merbabu National Park. Soil conditions with a level of 4-70% slope does not make consideration for the community in the processing of the land because it is still dependent on the agricultural sector. Assessment of carrying capacity to illustrate the concept of ecotourism development. This study aims to analyze the carrying capacity of ecotourism development. This research is done with quantitative approach. This study used a modified Cifuentes formula that is Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC), Real Carrying Capacity and Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC).
An Overview : Resource Efficiency Potential in PTPN IX PG. Sragi to achieve Green Proper
Authors: Nihaya Ifsantin , Sasongko Dwi P , Huboyo Haryono Setiyo
Published: December 2018

Program for Pollution Control, Evaluation and Rating (Proper) is an instrument to assess company performance in environmental management. To gain a green Proper appreciation of environmental management, the company must comply the requirements beyond compliance. One of the requirements beyond compliance is resource efficiency. The purpose of this study is to know the potential of resource efficiency in PTPN IX PG. Sragi to achieve Green Proper. Resource efficiency potential will be analyze use Green Proper assessment criteria. The criteria are (1) energy efficiency efforts, (2) reduction of emissions, (3) implementation of reduce and reuse of hazardous and toxic waste, (4) implementation of 3R non-hazardous and toxic solid waste and (5) implementation of water conservation. It is expected that by analyzing those criteria, PTPN IX PG. Sragi will consider to take necessary effort in order to improve their enviromental performance to achieve Green Proper.
Facies Development of Carbonate Rock and System Tract Influence Based on Fullbore Formation Microimager (FMI) and Well Log Analysis on Carbonate Reservoir Tuban Formation, North East Java Basin
Authors: Fahrudin  , Sainyakit Eka , Hidayatillah Ahmad Syauqi , Triwigati Purnaning Tuwuh , Muhajir
Published: December 2018

The North East Java Basin is known to be one of the basins that consist of Miocene carbonate rocks, like the reef carbonate of Tuban Formation. It has the potential hydrocarbons that can be explored. Therefore, the FMI log analysis is very important to identify carbonate rocks of Tuban Formation to know facies and characteristics of that carbonate rocks. The method used descriptive and analysis process of FMI and Gamma Ray log to determine facies of the carbonate rock and the system tract. Based on the result of FMI log analysis, there are variations lithofasies include mudstone, wackestone, packstone, grainstone, floatstone, rudstone and claystone. A collection of rock associations can interpret the reef facies. It involves back reef facies, reef core facies, and fore reef facies. The changes of lithofasies and reef facies are caused by sea level fluctuations and subsidence resulting in the system tract. The system tracts generated in the research area include transgressive and highstand system tract.
The Analysis of Forest Land Cover Change And Area Determination of Land Rehabilitation Based on Geographic Information System in Magelang Regency
Authors: Ernawati Lidya , Anggoro Sutrisno
Published: December 2018

Population increased has consequences for the economic development of land demands for agriculture, settlement and other infrastructure. This resulted the change of area land cover which impact on the climate change and decline the environmental quality. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the environment through the land rehabilitation activities. The analysis of land cover change is needed as the first step to identify areas targeted by the land rehabilitation. Geographic information system is used as a spatial based on the appropriate determination of rehabilitation activities
Carbon Sequestration Capability Analysis of Urban Green Space Using Geospatial Data
Authors: Azaria Linda , Wibowo Adi , Putut Ash Shidiq Iqbal , Rokhmatuloh
Published: December 2018

Indonesia is the world’s sixth largest producer of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions. Jakarta is one of the cities in Indonesia with the highest amount of CO2emission, due to the growing number of population within the city. Anthropogenic activities in the form of industry, transportation, and housing have become one of the primary sources of CO2emission. The emission is an urban natural hazard, and it needs to addressed immediately. Green open space is the fundamental solution to this problem. The presence of urban green space will reduce the amount of CO2emission. Unfortunately, the extent of reduction remains unclear, especially in South Jakarta. The study aims to analyze the capability of urban green space in sequestering CO2from anthropological aspects such as some population and vehicle in South Jakarta. The sequestration capability of each green open space is measured using the Leaf Area Index generated from remote sensing imagery. The CO2emission was calculated from some population and the number of vehicles collected from statistical data and ground measurement, respectively. The result shows that green open space distribution significantly correlated with the CO2sequestration (with the value of 0.79). This study shows that the number of urban green space is one of the solutions to reduce CO2 emissions.
Above Carbon Stoks Potential in Universitas Negeri Semarang
Authors: Arifin Moch. Samsul
Published: December 2018

The rapid development of campus physical facilities has caused a decrease in green open space at the Universitas Negeri Semarang Unnes. Vegetation plays a role in absorbing and storing CO2, so that reduced green open space can reduce carbon stocks and contribute to increasing atmospheric CO2 emissions. Regarding on this matter, program sinks through CO2 uptake by vegetation need to be considered as an effort to reduce CO2 emissions. Information about the carbon stocks is required to support the program sink. The purpose of this study was to estimate the amount of above carbon stocks in Unnes. Tree carbon stocks are estimated through allometric equations and field measurements of several parameters such as diameter, height, number and species of trees. Carbon stocks in understorey, litter and necromass are estimated by measuring the dry weight. The results showed that above carbon stocks in Unnes were 289,92 Ton Mg/ha, or 6.188,57 Mg.
The Evaluation Of Slums Level In Jatibarang, Semarang
Authors: Ernawati Masitoh , Kismartini Kismartini , Maryono Maryono
Published: December 2018

One of the village that get first priority in slums handling in in Semarang City based on mayor decree of Semarang’s number 050/801/2014 is Jatibarang Village. According the Ministry of Public Works through the KOTAKU (Kota Tanpa Kumuh) Program, in 2017 Jatibarang Village received funding for road and drainage construction. This research is to evaluate the slum reduction of road and drainage construction in a neighborhood. The method of research is quantitative and comparative through data calculation on 2 (two) criteria after handling and compari ed with baseline data. Based on the results of the research it can be seen that the slum handling of 2 (two) slum criteria did not give big impact to the slum value that is 40 before the handling and 30 after handling with the difference of 10 points. The results of this research indicate that there is still a need for handling slum reduction in this area. It is also necessary to evaluate the value of slum periodically of slum areas that have been set in order to know the changes that occur. involving the local community in the maintenance of settlement environment is necessary as well, so it is expected that the slum reduction increases, insteade of decreasing..
Spatial Correlation Analysis of Land Subsidence and The Water Table Changes in Unconfined Aquifers Using Sentinel 1-SAR Image and Geographic Information Systems (Case Study: Semarang City – Indonesia)
Authors: Sugiastu Firdaus Hana , Prasetyo Yudo , Diyanah Diyanah
Published: December 2018

Groundwater has a very important role both in terms of environmental, social and economic. The consumption of groundwater continuously can affect the physical condition of the environment such as land subsidence, especially in Semarang City. The spatial correlation of land subsidence and water table changes was analyzed in this study using remote sensing and geographic information systems. PS-InSAR method is used to process Sentinel-1 SAR image satellite to get the result of land subsidence during in 2014-2017. The annual average of vertical land subsidence in Semarang City, with the range 0 ± 3.4 cm to 4.5 ± 3.4. The spatial relation between the land subsidence and the water table decreased is obtained using the rules of the spatial correlation matrix. The study area was dominated by a very high correlation with the percentage (47.58%), which located in several areas in Genuk District, Tembalang District, Pedurungan District, Tugu District and Mijen District. The potential of groundwater in unconfined aquifers in Semarang City is nihil potential and low potential of groundwater quality. The very high correlation between land subsidence and water table decreased, which located in the low potential of groundwater in unconfined aquifer mostly located in Tembalang District.
Variability Chlorophyll-a And Sea Surface Temperature As The Fishing Ground Basis Of Mackerel Fish In The Arafura Sea
Authors: Welliken Marius Agustinus , Melmambessy Edy H.P , Merly Sendy Lely , Pangaribuan Rosa Delima , Lantang Bony , Hutabarat Johannes , Wirasatriya Anindya
Published: December 2018

Arafura Sea is one of the waters in the eastern region of Indonesia that is rich in marine and fisheries potentials because of its fertile conditions which is suitable for fishing ground. One of the fish resources which have important economic value at the Arafura Sea is big pelagic fish such as Mackerel. Thus this study aims to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of Mackerel in the Arafura Sea based on fishing boat coordinate data, to know the distribution of chlorophyll-a concentration and SST from MODIS satellite data in the Arafura Sea and to determine the correlation of chlorophyll-a and SST to the Mackerel catch distribution. This study was conducted in December 2016 until February 2017 in the Arafura Sea, image data analysis of MODIS level-3 conducted at the Laboratory of Oceanography FPIK UNDIP. The data used are Mackerel catch data, the Chlorophyll-a data and SST from MODIS satellite from June to August 2015. The results of this study showed that the distribution of Mackerel catch from June to August more were caught in August a total of 62.2 tons for 19 trips. While the chlorophyll-a between June and August ranged from 0.30 to 8.04 mg/m3 and SST in June-August ranged from 24.6 °C - 28.4 °C. The correlation between chlorophyll-a and Mackerel catch results showed very strong correlation (correlation coefficient (r) 0.934). While the correlation between SST with the Mackerel catch showed a strong correlation (correlation coefficient (r) 0.664).
Distribution Pattern of Cave Entrance Based on Morphometry in Gunung Sewu Karst Landscape
Authors: Pambudi Ridwan Arif , Damayanti Astrid , Marko Kuswantoro
Published: December 2018

Wonosari-Punung Formation of Middle Miocene-Pliocene and Semilir Formation of Early-Middle Miocene consists of Gunung Sewu Karst Landscape in Ponjong and Semanu District; Gunungkidul Regency. Gunung Sewu Karst Landscape has advanced karstification so that the morphology of exokarst and endokarst could be formed. Cave entrance as a marker of the endokarst morphology existence is formed by varying morphometry. This research aims to determine cave entrance distribution pattern based on a cave entrance morphometry. These research variables are cave entrance morphometry; geological formation; and geological structure (geological lineament). The analytical method uses nearest neighbour analysis (NNA) and lineament analysis. The result of this research shows that vertical cave entrance with oval; narrow; and irregularity shape have dispersed distribution pattern in Wonosari-Punung Formation. Horizontal cave entrance with irregular; rectangular; narrow; and an oval shape; have clustered pattern of distribution in the Wonosari-Punung and Semilir Formations. This research is used as a preliminary study for the development of underground water resources that are commonly found in caves of Gunung Sewu Karst Landscape.
The Effect On Mangrove Density With Sediment Rate in Coastal Pasar Banggi Of Rembang Regency
Authors: Rahman Halim M. Arief , Ihrami Rahmila Yulizar , Muhammad Fuad , Safitri Yuanita
Published: December 2018

The existence of mangrove ecosystems in coastal Pasar Banggi serves to protect the shoreline and wildlife habitat as fishing for spawning, nursery, and feeding ground. In addition, mangrove ecosystems can also grab sediments through the root system forming new land. The formation of the new land can eventually be utilized for mangrove growth media either naturally or through the planting activities to support the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems. The method used is vegetation analysis and sediment trap. The results showed that the dominant mangrove species in Coastal Pasar Banggi Rembang were Rhizopora apiculata. The results showed the average value of the highest sedimentation rate at station A 291,479 gr/cm2/day with the lowest average mangrove density of 57822 ind/ha. The lowest average sedimentation rate at station B was 171,095 gr/cm2/day with the highest average mangrove density of 105311 ind/ha, mean medium sedimentation rate at station C was 219,461 gr/cm2/ day with average medium mangrove density of 888089 ind/ha. This research is expected to be an information material about the rate of sedimentation which will be expected as a mangrove conservation management. Based on the results of the research, the relationship between mangrove density and sedimentation rate resulted in negative correlation (-1) meaning that the lower of mangrove density, the higher the sedimentation rate and the higher the mangrove density, the lower the sedimentation rate
Eco-Fer (Ecotru Fixed Bed Reactor) : Application of Ecotru on Fixed Bed Reactor for Eliminating Ammonium in Waste Water
Authors: Hana Syakira , Lidiya Novelendah , Kartika Pertiwi , Rusyda Syahidah , Purwono  , Titik Istirokhatun
Published: December 2018

Ammonium, a form of nitrogen, causes eutrophication and also can be toxic for fish. The existence of ammonium in surface water arises from human and animal waste, as well as from organic materials oxidation derived from industrial or residential wastewater. Consequently, wastewater with high ammonium content must be processed properly prior to disposal. One of the commonly used treatments for wastewater is attached biological wastewater treatment, which can be applied with a fixed bed reactor. Fixed bed reactor was being inoculated with ecotru bacteria which were fed with artificial wastewater containing ammonium of 50 mg NH4+-N/L. In this study, it was found that the microorganisms contained in ecotru are Geobacillus toebii bacteria. The ammonium removal efficiency was 99,63% and the way Geobacillus toebii contribute on ammonium removal was experimentally studied in this study.
Determine Environment Impacts in Upstream Processes of Oil and Gas Industries
Authors: Mardhika Sapto Sari
Published: December 2018

Indonesia's population increasing from 238.5 million to 305.6 million from 2010-2035 cause increase of energy supply to meet energy consumption needs and also correlate with global warming. One of them is from the oil and gas sector. The process of it production is divided into upstream process which starts from hydrocarbon extraction to become a ready-to-sell product and downstream process comprise of processing to consumer consumption. The research objective of this paper is to find out the upstream process of oil and gas industry as well as the impact that may be caused. The upstream process of the oil and gas industry begins with land clearing, hydrocarbon drilling / extraction from within the earth, feasibility testing, development and production, distribution, storage and distribution possible to the first consumer. From these activities, the impacts are caused by the decrease of air quality mainly due to the burning of flare gas and tool mobilization, the decrease of water quality, and the deterioration of soil quality.
Effect of COD/SO42- Supply Ratio Variations of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria of Sulphood Raise in Acid Mine Drainage
Authors: Nurandani Hardyanti , Sudarno Utomo , Angelica Oktaviana , Katrin Serafina , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: December 2018

Sulphur dioxide gas is one of most contaminating gas in the air. Sulphur gas can be produced by mining activities. Sulphur gas will be harmful if bond with CO2 to form as Sulphur Dioxide. To reduce the Sulphur Dioxide gas concentration we must inhibite the sulphur gas formation from mining activities. The inhibition of sulphur gas could be done by reduce the sulphate concentration in acid mine drainage. One of important factor that influencing the reduce of sulphate is COD/SO42- ratio. The effect of COD/SO42- ratio on bacterial growth and sulfate removal process can be investigated with anaerobic batch reactor. The laundry septic tank sediments were inoculated on an anaerobic batch reactor which were contacted with artificial coal acid mine water wastes with 1000 sulfate concentrations and 2000 mg SO42- /L. In an anaerobic batch reactor there are five reactors with variations of COD / SO42-1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 ratios. Efficiency ratio and the best sulfate removal rate is in reactor ratio 2.0 with value efficiency of 46.58% and a reduction rate of 29.128 mg / L.day in an anaerobic batch reactor. The efficiency of the removal rate decreased when the COD / SO42->2.0 ratio decreased. The fastest pH decline was in the COD/SO42-8.0 ratio variation in the anaerobic batch reactor and. The COD / SO42-ratio can help the sulfate reduction process in the optimum value by affecting the sulfate-reducing bacterial metabolism in the balance of the acceptor and the electron donor.
A Review of Pyrolisis of Eceng Gondok (Water hyacinth) for Liquid Smoke
Authors: Ratnani Rita Dwi , Widiyanto
Published: December 2018

The growth of eceng gondok (Water hyacinth) in Rawa Pening Lake showed rapid increase.. Based on the mandate of the National Lake conference in Bali and the 16th World Lake Conference, Rawa Pening is one of the fifteen national lakes which need to be treated for its conservation. Reducing number of eceng gondok plants is one of the alternatif. However, further processing is required to treat the waste of eceng gondok. One attempt is to convert eceng gondok (water hyacinth) into liquid smoke product. This article reviewes the potency of eceng gondok for liquid smoke through pyrolisis method. The liquid smoke can be used for various applications such as preservatives, antioxidants, biopesticides and perisa disinfectants. Pyrolysis is a combustion process in the absence of oxygen to produce liquid and charcoal activated charcoal products called activated charcoal. The pyrolysis process is generally carried out at a temperature range between 200-700 °C. The pyrolysis process is one of the methods chosen in order to strive for development that suppresses the formation of CO gas but releases water vapor. Pyrolysis at a temperature of 300-700 ° C, produces the most dominant compounds 1.6 Anhyro-beta-d-glucopyranose, phenol, and acetic acid. The reaction that occurs during pyrolysis of this temperature is the release of water vapor instead of carbon gas so that it is safe for the environment. The discussion on this article focused on the production of liquid smoke from eceng gondok biomass.
Reducing Stormwater Runoff from Parking Lot with Permeable Pavement
Authors: Suripin Suripin , Sri Sangkawati Sachro , Pranoto Samto Atmojo , Sutarto Edhisono , Hary Budieny , Dwi Kurniani
Published: December 2018

Increased urbanization has an impact on increased impervious surface, consequently the urban drainage system becomes gradually overloaded, with frequent spills and inundate urban areas. Upgrade or re-design the existing drainage system is not an effective solution because it does not address the source of the problem. It is necessary strategies for urbanization reduction of storm-water runoff. These strategies are aimed to reduce storm-water runoff mainly through water infiltration. One of the strategies is to develop permeable pavement. This study is aimed to test the capacity of permeable pavement through the development of full scale physical models in the parking lot. The results show that proposed permeable pavement are able to significantly reduce volume and peak discharge of storm-water runoff, delay the start of runoff and slow the peak discharge. The application of this proposed permeable pavement in the urban area is strongly recommended to reduce drainage load as well as to increase groundwater recharge.
Root Uptake and Distribution of Radionuclides 134Cs and 60Co in Sunflower Plants (Helianthus annuus. L)
Authors: Achmad Chalid Afif Alfajrin , Hadiyanto
Published: December 2018

Phytoremediation is the most common method to recover polluted environment caused by radionuclides. This study aims to determine the distribution of 134Cs and 60Co radionuclides in sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus. L). The sunflower plants were cultivated in soil media for 50 days, then transferred into a tube containing hydroponic solution contaminated by 134Cs and 60Co with variation of concentration of 134Cs (0.85 Bq/ml, 1.31 Bq/ml, 1.74 Bq/ml, 2.24 Bq/ml, 2.67 Bq/ml) and 60Co (4,213 Bq/ml, 8,537 Bq/ml, 12,187 Bq/ml). The distribution of radionuclides in roots, stems, leaves were observed using a gamma spectrometer to determine the accumulation of contaminants in plants. Samples were taken at varying intervals (0-720 hours) to determine the increased accumulation of contaminants in plants. The results showed that 134Cs and 60Co accumulated mostly in the leaf section. and the highest accumulation of 60Co was observed in the root section.
Lean Thinking in Banking Industry: Waste Identification on Credit Disbursement Process
Authors: Indah Rizkya , Khalida Syahputri , Rahmi M Sari , Ikhsan Siregar
Published: December 2018

Waste is not only found in the manufacturing industry but also in the service industry, especially in banking industry. This paper describes a comprehensive lean approach applied to the banking industry. Lean in banking industry is used to find waste along the flow of value. This paper focuses on finding waste in consumer loan disbursement process by classifying consumer credit loan activity into value added activity, necessary but non value added activity, and waste. Process Activity Mapping is used to describe all activities in consumer credit disbursement waste identification. The identification shows that total time of consumer credit disbursement activities is 7,461 minutes equal to 15,54 days. This means the average time required to complete the consumer credit process starts from the documents receipt to the disbursement of credit is 15,54 working days. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is used to decide the level of factor causing waste. The results of FMEA shows the length of time required for consumer loan disbursement due to verification repetition process and waiting time of documents to processed.
The Importance of Integration Waste Management Aspects as a System in Good and Sustainable Waste Management
Authors: Abdul Mukhit , Syafrudin Syafrudin
Published: December 2018

Waste management is one of the important issues in environmental management. The city becomes a place of human activity that has the potential to generate waste. Unsustainable waste management has the potential to cause various environmental problems. Waste management starts from the upstream to downstream levels so that it can reduce the amount of waste generation. The importance of integtation in a waste management system is a must and requires seriousness in applying it for create a good and sustainable Waste Management system.
The Management Of Toxic and Hazardous Waste Materials In The Food Industry
Authors: Taufan Herry Setiawan , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: December 2018

Activities of Industry can potentially be the pollutant and harm the environment if it is not managed properly and can be detrimental to the industries, people and the environment. One of them is the food industry that produces raw materials of products and waste from the production process in the form of hazardous and toxic materials waste. This research uses descriptive approach that aims to evaluate industrial activities that produce toxic materials and hazardous waste. The management and utilization of toxic and hazardous waste materials require the consent of the ministry of environment based on Regulation of Government number 101 of 2014. The method of utilization of toxic and hazardous waste materials that have been applied in other industries can be applied in the food industry. This utilization method is required for the management and utilization of toxic and hazardous waste materials in the food industry because the waste is not utilized or recycled, only stored in a temporary storage warehouse and later sent to the container
Waste Management Model in Merauke
Authors: Elly Noer , Samuel Waas , Esy Lewaherilla , Emiliana Rahail , Jayadi
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the role of local government, industry, and society in Merauke waste management. The approach of this research is Qualitative. Data obtained by conducting in-depth interviews to the key informants and the supporting informants (snow ball sampling technique), observation and so that the data obtained meet the saturation point. The analysis of data are include (coding, data grouping, data validation, data presentation, conclusion). The results of research shows the following: the first is, the role of local government in waste management in Merauke is not optimal yet. The second is the lack of involvement and participation of other officials, industries, communities that should be responsible for waste management. The third is the handling of waste that has been done is by transported and accommodated the garbage in a temporary garbage disposal to be sorted and then transported to the landfills. The concept of 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) which supported by the participation of government, industry, society is the right concept in solving the garbage problem in Merauke.
Minimize the impact of waste pollution in ship repair processes to Improving Shipyard Industrial Infrastructure Sustainability
Authors: Rachmat Ashari , Emil Budianto , Herdis Herdiansyah , Mahawan Karuniasa , Putri A Saragi
Published: December 2018

Increasing the number of ship repair that make improvements it can be ensured that the greater the level of pollution will occur. Facilities (Infrastructure) is very helpful to minimize the pollution that will occur when ship repair. If the conditions of Infrastructure make it possible to flourish nowadays, which will further improve environmental performance. Development to improve domestic shipyard Infrastructure sustainability is very importance since 20% of national ship repair is still undertaken in foreign shipyard. This indicates that the ability of national shipyards still need to be improved especially in the infrastructure and facilities sector as production supports. This paper used data sample was undertaken in State-Owned Shipyard industry located in North Jakarta. Data analysis was undertaken starting from the ship entry, repair process until the accomplishment of ship repair. This research is testing the chemical impacts with related chemical parameters around the shipyard. the results showed that dangerous chemical concentrations were located around the shipyard and threatened the surrounding aquatic ecosystems. there needs to be management of shipbuilding infrastructure management that can minimize hazardous waste, especially basic storage. Basically the improvement of shipyard infrastructure can be undertaken if the ship repair process keeps increasing.
Implementation of Basic Infrastructure Education in Demak Coastal Regency
Authors: Hartuti Purnaweni , Endang Swastuti
Published: December 2018

The most important public services given by state according to public administration sphere are education and health services. Education is very strategic aspect and is very influencial to human and also the nation's productivity. However, in Indonesia education service implementation is still very complex, with clear disparity in educational service, showing that there has been inequality in educational service handling. Therefore the government implements minimum educational service standard of basic education. This research was aimed at evaluating the fulfillment of the Minimum Service Standard (MSS) for Basic Education in Demak Regency, which in fact a coastal area with various physical and environmental problems. This descriptive qualitative research was done through interview, and analysis on secondary data. It was found that inequality of educational service was proved by the gap of achievements of the basic service requirements in terms of Government responsibility. Therefore the research recommended that the local government should provide greater budget for MSS for Basic Education, and by incorporating the accomplishment of the MSS into its Local Medium-term Development Plan (RPJMD), and Strategic Plan for Demak Regencial Office of Education, besides arrange cooperation with private sector.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Poverty in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Supriaman  , Firmansyah  , Edy Yusuf Agung Gunanto
Published: December 2018

Poverty is a fundamental and multidimensional problem in economic development, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia and underdeveloped region such as Nusa Tenggara Barat province. The percentage of poor people in Nusa Tenggara Barat is relatively higher compared to the percentage of poor people in national level. This study aims to analyze the factors which influence the poverty level in Nusa Tenggara Barat. By employing a panel data regression of 10 Regencies/Cities along 2010-2015, the study finds that the work force skill, investment and income per capita have significant effect to poverty level. The coefficient of work force skill has the highest impact to the level of poverty, which means that that variable is a major factor in reducing poverty in 10 Regencies/Cities of West Nusa Tenggara Province. Based on the results, the study recommends the policy that promote poverty alleviation need to be strengthened by communities and governments.
Impact of Economic Growth Per Capita and Foreign Direct Investment on Income Inequality in Indonesia
Authors: Irma Suryahani , Indah Susilowati , Nugroho S. B. M.
Published: December 2018

Income inequality is an important issue in Indonesia. Currently the income inequality in Indonesia is worse than in Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, although it is better than the Philippines and China. This study aimed to analyze the influence of economic growth per capita and foreign direct investment on income inequality in Indonesia.The study period was from 2007 to 2016. This study used a multiple linear regression. The results showed that economic growth per capita and foreign direct investmenthad positive influence onincome inequality. Therefore, the role of economic growth per capita and foreign direct investment will remain high in the future.
Theater of Macro: Trap of 'Macroism' in Indonesian Inequality
Authors: Sadono Bambang , Wahyudi Fendy E.
Published: December 2018

The debate on economic prosperity can be drawn into issue of the best indicators that able to portray the real picture of one country's economy. In this article I try to elaborate that focusing only on Macro economic indicator is misplaced for describing the real image of economic situation of a country. By focusing on inequality index this paper explained the Indonesia Economic situation post Suharto era. The recent Indonesian experience clearly demonstrate the way in which inequality still becomes the peril in Indonesian society.