bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skjønn som profesjonell kompetanse hos lærerstudenter
Authors: Madsen Anders Aasgaard , Tangen Truls Nilsen , Løhre Audhild
Published: April 2020

Research into teacher education emphasizes theoretical knowledge, reflection and critical thinking. However, many preservice teachers measure the value of theoretical knowledge by its potential for practical implementation, orienting themselves towards a more technical professional practice. This is consistent with a growing instrumental tendency within the educational system, a development which is worrying. This article focuses on those skills which preservice teachers in their final year anticipate will be important when they enter the profession. It is based on focus group interviews, and the participants’ discourse suggested good judgement to be an important skill. During educational practice, the preservice teachers must make decisions in situations where the solutions are not clear. The findings show that theoretical knowledge is the foundation for the judgment necessary to solve ethical problems. The school guidelines express contradictory expectations of teachers, such as those related to pupils’ measurable results. The preservice teachers’ conversations reflect a dilemma between expectation and opportunity within these guidelines, where the teachers’ judgement becomes a means of clearing the way for children’s learning and formation. As a foundation for our analysis, we use theory on judgement, as well as Aristotle’s conceptualisation of knowledge.
Epistemological Foundations Of Early Legal Utilitarianism
Authors: KOLOSOV Igor , SIGALOV Konstantin Elizarovich
Published: April 2020

This article analyzes the aggregate of reality cognition methods used in certain theories in the history of ethics and legal thought that are based on the principle of utility.

The objective of this article is to provide a full study of the methodology of the utilitarianism to determine the place of the methodology in the establishment of utilitarianism, and also to expand the

understanding of the development of legal utilitarianism, origin of ethics and legal prerequisites for the emergence of legal utilitarianism.

The article used methods such as universal reality cognition methods, general scientific methods, such as the historical method, formal and logic (dogmatic) method, analysis, synthesis and others and

specific (specifically scientific) methods.

The main result of the article is the justification that the emergence of utilitarianism is conditioned, inter alia, by the synthesis of the empirical and theoretical methodology.

efore that, the application of purely empirical or purely theoretical methodologies for considering the state and legal phenomena through the prism of utility did not lead to the creation of a separate branch

of philosophy, ethic and legal thought – utilitarianism.

The main conclusion of this article is that the "moral arithmetic" created under classical utilitarianism and later developed in the contemporary utilitarianism,based on which it is possible to compute the

utility of this or that action (totality of actions), contradicts such universal legal values as justice, defense, enforcement of rights and freedoms, principle of equality, and the moral values, and, therefore,

cannot be supported.
Digitalization Of Communication And The Spiral Of Silence Theory
Authors: HAKOBYAN Anahit
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the issue of the influence of digital technologies on manifestations and transformation of the spiral of silence phenomenon. An analysis is given on the role of the Internet as a public sphere, and the results of recent researches on spiral of silence manifestations on online-based platforms are discussed. The author comes to the conclusion that manifestations of spiral of silence are crucial in the process of the development of the Internet as a public sphere, and, communicative, technological and social-psychological factors, discussed in this paper, will determine whether and how online-based platforms will contribute democratic processes.
Patriotism And Armenian Statehood In The Norms Of Armenian Law
Authors: HOVSEPYAN Aghvan
Published: April 2020

The purpose of the article is to study and present the sources of Armenian law that contain provisions on patriotism and Armenian statehood.

To achieve this goal, our task is to investigate the legal and patriotic labor standards of Hakob and Shahamir Shahamirian’s Girk Anvanial Vorokait Parats (Snare of Glory). It is no secret that the work "Vorokait Parats" is one of the most important documents of Armenian law, which for the first time in the reality of Armenia presents a holistic and orderly system of norms of various branches of law.

As a result of the research were applied both scientific (analysis, the principle of historicity) and special (comparative legal) methods.

The study of the above mentioned legal and patriotic norms gives us the opportunity to conclude that they play a key role in the development of our national, legal, political thought and are a kind of value radiating patriotism.
Aggression as a Crime in International and National Criminal Law
Authors: GRIGORYAN Hayk
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the process of international criminalization of the crime of aggression, the role and significance of the Charter of the Nuremberg Tribunal for the formation of the modern concept of aggression, compares the definitions of aggression as a punishable offense committed by individuals, according to the Statute of the International Criminal Court, in line with the amendments made in 2010 by the Assembly of States that are Parties to the Court and the corpus delicti of the crime provided in Article 384 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Armenia – "Aggressive War". The correlation developed by the author allows us to offer scientifically grounded recommendations on the qualification of the acts that constitute the crime of aggression, including the cases where it is accompanied by the commission of criminal violations of the laws and customs of conducting military operations.
The Importance of Being Political: Emergence of a Multi-stakeholder Forum at the Lake Malili Complex, South Sulawesi
Authors: Sirimorok Nurhady , Rusdianto Eko
Published: April 2020

Multi-stakeholder forums are considered an essential element of landscape approaches for sustainable development and integrated ecosystem management. Such forums are widely adopted in environmental management policies and introduced as precursors for novel institutional arrangements for collective action in complex landscapes. However, while they are often held up as a mechanism for greater inclusion and representation, they can also further marginalize less powerful stakeholders. In this respect, the importance of politics in shaping the success of a multi-stakeholder forum is often overlooked. This article examines different multi-stakeholder mechanisms for governing the Lake Malili Complex in Sulawesi, Indonesia —a landscape characterized by competing land use interests and the presence of threatened endemic species.  The case highlights a successful bottom-up multi-stakeholder approach that became a model for collaboration, and which was subsequently scaled up to cover the broader Lake Malili Complex area.. The research is based on longstanding participation in the politics of decision-making processes at the Lake Malili Complex, complemented by in-depth examination of the establishment of the multi-stakeholder forum. The findings show that strong, locally-based initiatives provide an avenue for generating greater participation in achieving mutual goals for conserving the Lake Malili Complex. However, participation in the multi-stakeholder platform is not enough to push for decision making at the district level, where more powerful management decisions take place. We therefore note that outcomes of community-based resource management are limited when they are not backed by more political approaches to influence decision making
Estimation of forest Carbon Stocks in Ba Be National Park, Bac Kan province, Vietnam
Authors: Dong Nguyen Thi , Tap Van Huu , Phương Mai Nguyen Thi , Lien Nguyen Thi Hoang
Published: April 2020

Climate change and an increase in the greenhouse effect are a matter of global concern. One of reasons for this phenomenon is the increase in greenhouse gases, especially CO2. Therefore, the authors investigated CO2 absorption from forests of 45 plots in Ba Be National Park, characterized by 3 forest states as rich, medium and poor forest, rehabilitated forest after exploitation to estimate carbon sequestration of the forest. In which, the carbon stock of rich forest reaches 273.17 tones/ha, the medium forest is 136.23 tones/ha and the poor forest, rehabilitated forest is 42.06 tones/ha. With a forest growth rate of 1.8% per year, the carbon sequestration in Ba Be National Park for 3 forest states is about 16,499 tones per year. This will contribute to improve environmental quality, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and creating a scientific basis for managers to develop a payment mechanism of forest carbon sequestration services.
Conditions for Success in a Community Based Conservation Initiative: An Analysis of Triggering Moments and Catalytic Elements in Nuha
Authors: Sirimorok Nurhady , Rusdianto Eko
Published: April 2020

What accounts for a successful community-based conservation (CBC) initiative? A bulk of studies has answered the question by identifying the principles as well as underlying relations that make up successful cases. However, rarely do they extend to examine the basic elements (or ingredients) that contribute to a successful case. Using the analytic framing of triggering moments and catalytic elements, this study describes the key factors that contributed to ongoing successes in achieving the outputs and goals of CBC. A recent CBC project in the Lake Malili Complex of South Sulawesi is examined as a case study to test the framework. The CBC initiative was carried out by a local NGO and university. The case village (Nuha) is chosen for its ability to continue implementing programmatic objectives according to project reports. In-depth interviews, a close review of grey literature about the project, as well as field observations in Nuha and surrounding villages provide the data that forms the basis of the analysis about the factors contributing to Nuha success. Findings show that the framework of triggering moments and catalytic elements can help to show the key factors of crises and windows of opportunity that contribute strongly to stimulating community responses to a CBC initiative. Furthermore, although not all catalytic elements were present, certain identified factors – participation, commitment of key actors, funding, capacity building, partnership with supportive organizations and governments, and leadership – were strong enough to stimulate effective implementation of the CBC initiative. Nevertheless, the analytic framework of triggering moments and catalytic elements is less capable of provide the context for why the catalytic elements were present prior to the introduction of the CBC initiative.
Estudio carpológico en Bretschneidera (Bretschneideraceae) y sus relaciones taxonómicas
Authors: Doweld Alexander B.
Published: April 2020

Se ha estudiado el fruto, anatomía y morfología de las semillas de Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl., género monotípico de Bretschneideraceae, con objeto de clarificar sus relaciones filogenéticas. El fruto de tipo sincárpico, trilocular y loculicida tiene un inusual endocarpo parenquimatoso, no especializado, fibroso con 12-14 capas; mesocarpo esclerificado en su parte más interna con numerosos haces elongados y radiales en toda la extensión de su parénquima. Cada una de las distribuciones de los elementos mecánicos es indicativa de la derivación del fruto de Bretschneidera a partir de un fruto drupáceo o de tipo "durian". Con objeto de resaltar las diferencias del sistema mecánico del pericarpo entre drupa, cápsula y este tipo especializado, se propone establecer un nuevo tipo de fruto -aseada- para acomodar todos los frutos originados a partir de un ovario súpero con sistemas mecánicos esclerificados en el mesocarpo. El fruto de Bretschneidera es definido como una ascada loculicida y no una cápsula loculicida. Las semillas de Bretsneideraceae son relativamente anchas, prácticamente exalbuminosas con embrión dicotiledóneo recto. El espermodermo de Bretsneideraceae es exomesotestal, con un tegumento no especializado, aplastado, con 40-45 capas, atravesado por 8 haces vasculares postchalaza. La morfología y anatomía de las semillas evidencia, hasta cierto punto, la anomalía de la tradicional inclusión de Bretsneideraceae en Sapindales y la distinta estructura del espermodermo y origen de Sapindales e Hippocastanaceae, así como otras familias de este orden, excepto las anomalías mesotestales de Akaniaceae. La anatomía de semillas no confirma ninguna relación con las Capparales. Se sugiere que Bretsneideraceae, junto con Akaniaceae, contituye una rama relicta de ancestros connaraceo-sapindaceo. Se puede considerar como una rama basal de Capparales. Se sugiere conservar Bretsneideraceae con Akaniaceae, separadamente de Sapindales y Capparales, pevio a la realización de más estudios sobre la anatomía de semillas de otros órdenes de Rosidae.
Notas taxonómicas sobre el género Ononis L. (Fabaceae) para la flora de Marruecos
Authors: Devesa Alcaraz Juan Antonio
Published: April 2020

Notas taxonómicas sobre el género Ononis L. (Fabaceae) para la flora de Marruecos. Se describen dos nuevas especies de Ononis para el norte de África, O.cuatrecasasii y O.gines-lopezii, y se confirma la validez taxonómica de O. jahandiezii Maire & Weiller. Se elaboran claves para la segregación de O. penduliflora dentro del complejo de O. pendula.
Flore (Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta) des zones humides du Maroc Méditérranéen: Inventaire et écologie
Authors: Ennabili Abdeslam , Ater Mohammed
Published: April 2020

Malgré l'intéret qu' on porte de plus en plus aux zones humides á travers le monde, peu d' etudes ont été consacrées á la flore hygrophile marocaine. Aprés avoir prospecté 45 stations, on a évalué la diversité spécifique des hygrophytes du Maroc méditerranéen á partir de 70 relevés floristiques. Sur les 389 espéces reconnues dans cette etude, 175 especes sont caractéristiques des zones humides. Les espéces rares ou nouvellement citées ont été soulignées. D'autre part, les phytocenoses observées ant été classées en fonction de la physionomie et de la composition spécifique. Une attention particuliere a été consacrée á la discussion des principaux facteurs écologiques influant sur les groupements hygrophiles á savoir : la submersion, la salinité, la charge organique domestique, le mésoclimat et les travaux d'aménagement. Ainsi, on a pu regrouper les espéces dominantes en classes écologiques.
Líquenes en el herbario de Ildefonso Zubía (1819-1891)
Authors: Etayo Javier
Published: April 2020

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Tres nuevos híbridos para el género Teucrium L. sección Polium (Mill.) Schreb. (Lamiaceae) en el sudeste ibérico
Authors: Sánchez-Gómez Pedro , Güemes Jaime , Carrillo Félix , Coy Ernesto , Hernández Antonio
Published: April 2020

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Sedo anglici-Thymetum caespititii, nuevo pastizal pionero vivaz de los suelos esqueléticos del suroeste de Galicia
Authors: Rodríguez Oubiña Juan , Ortiz Santiago , Pulgar Íñigo
Published: April 2020

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Stipion parviflorae all. nova, pastizales vivaces subnitrófilos y calcícolas mediterráneo-iberolevantinos
Authors: De La Torre Antonio , Alcaraz Francisco , Vicedo María
Published: April 2020

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Petrorhagia saxifraga, una nueva especie para la flora de Andalucia occidental
Authors: Ocaña M. Eugenia , Martín Mosquero M.A.
Published: April 2020

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Logika i metafizyka jako nauka podstawowa
Authors: Trendelenburg Friedrich Adolf , Hanuszkiewicz Wojciech
Published: April 2020

Źródło przekładu: Trendelenburg, F. A. (1870). Logik und Metaphysik als grundlegende Wissenschaft (t. 1,

s. 4–14). W: F. A. Trendelenburg. Logische Untersuchungen. Leipzig: Hirzel.
Widzenie pustki a doświadczenie mistyczne – przypadek madhjamaki
Authors: Jakubczak Krzysztof
Published: April 2020

Seeing of emptiness and mystical experience — the case of Madhyamaka: The problem of Buddhist religiosity is one of the most classic problems of Buddhist studies. A particular version of this issue is the search for mystical experience in Buddhism. This is due to the conviction that mystical experience is the essence of religious experience itself. The discovery of such an alleged experience fuels comparative speculations between Buddhism and the philosophical and religious traditions of the Mediterranean area. Madhyamaka is the Buddhist tradition which many researchers saw as the fulfillment of such mystical aspirations in Buddhism. In this paper I specify the standard parameters of mystical experience (non‑conceptuality, ineffability, paradoxicality, silence, oneness, fullness) and I conclude that they either cannot be applied to Madhyamaka or that the application is only illusory.
Obrona jedności bytu w Brahmasiddhi Maṇḍanamiśry. Przykład argumentacji scholastycznej
Authors: Sajdek Paweł
Published: April 2020

A defense of the unity of being in the Brahmasiddhi of Manḍanamiśra. An example of scholastic argumentation: Chāndogyopaniṣad 6 comprises as many as two out of six renowned “great sayings” (mahā‑vākya): tat tvam asi and ekam evādvitīyam. The question arises as to whether the declared in śruti unity of the Absolute Being is to be understood literally or figuratively.

The opponent (pūrva‑pakṣa) presents three arguments for the figurative meaning of the words. Maṇḍana advocates the literal sense of the statement. The debate is a typical example of an Indian philosophical scholastic text. Scholasticism in India and scholasticism in medieval Europe share some characteristic features, though they also differ in many ways.
Hazar Gölü Sedimentinde Jeolojik Dönemlere Bağlı Olarak Bazı Elementlerin Konsantrasyonlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Canpolat Özgür , Eriş Kürşad Kadir , Akkoyun Eyyüp Önder
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada Hazar Gölü (Elazığ)'nden alınan karotta derinlik profili boyunca sedimentte bazı elementlerin konsantrasyonlarının belirlenmesi ve sonuçların son jeolojik dönemlere göre karşılaştırması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaca yönelik Hazar Gölü‘nde tamamlanmış olan 111Y045 Nolu TÜBİTAK projesi kapsamında alınmış piston karotlarından her 5 cm‘de bir örnekler alınarak, arsenik (As), civa (Hg), molibden (Mo), baryum (Ba), uranyum (U), kalay (Sn), titanyum (Ti), lantan (La) ve berilyum (Be) elementlerinin düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Ba, Hg, La, Ti ve U elementlerinin en düşük konsantrasyonları (sırasıyla 111 ppm, 0.01 ppm, 4.4 ppm, 1190 ppm and 0.6 ppm) 81-83 cm derinlikte bulunmuştur. Bu derinliğin G.Ö. 10 000 yıl önceye ve Holosen Döneme (günümüzden 10,5 bin yıl öncesi) denk geldiği belirlenmiştir. As, Ba, Hg, Sn, La, Mo, Ti ve U elementlerinin en yüksek konsantrasyonları farklı derinliklerde bulunmuştur. En yüksek Hg konsantrasyonu 4-6 cm derinlikte belirlenmiş olup, bu derinliğin günümüze denk geldiği tespit edilmiştir. As ve Ba elementlerinin en yüksek konsantrasyonlarının Buzul Öncesi Dönem/Geç Pleyistosen Döneme (günümüzden 10,5 bin yıl önce) denk geldiği bulunmuştur. Diğer elementlerin (Sn, La, Mo ve Ti) en yüksek konsantrasyonlarının ise Son Maksimum Buzul Öncesi Dönem/Geç Pleyistosen Döneme (günümüzden 23-16 bin yılları arası) denk geldiği belirlenmiştir. Bu farklılıkların nedeni olarak, göl ekosisteminin bulunduğu havzanın jeolojik yapısı, biyolojik ve hidrolojik süreçler, iklimsel faktörler ve göl havzasındaki antropojenik faktörler gösterilebilir.
Peafowl Production
Authors: Yenilmez Fatma
Published: April 2020

Peafowl is a common name of three species of the Phasianidae family. It is known as a sacred bird in many Asian countries and India that is the homeland of the peafowl. They live in groups and prefer cultivated areas and forests where they can find more food in nature. They feed on cereal grains, insects, fruits, leaves, seeds. It has a strong structure and adapts very well to different climates. Because of this feature can be produced anywhere in the world. There are commonly known three different types of peafowl. Blue (Indian) Peafowl (Pavo cristatus), Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus) and Congo Peafowl (Afropavo congoensis). The most recognizable species of them is the Indian Peafowl. Peafowl has always been the center of attention with its striking, bright and eye-catching colors on its body and long tail, and it is natural wonders. Therefore, they are especially indispensable members of zoos and ornamental gardens. Although peafowl are usually produced for their beautiful appearance, their meat is also very tasty and beneficial. This article is prepared to give brief information about peafowl.
Grain Legumes Production in Ethiopia: A Review of Adoption, Opportunities, Constraints and Emphases for Future Interventions
Authors: Neda Erana Kebede
Published: April 2020

Accelerating agricultural growth remains one of the most urgent goal of Ethiopia as the agricultural sector is the backbone of the Ethiopian economy. The adoption of new agricultural technologies and improved practices are particularly important in increasing agricultural production. This comprises strengthening legumes adoption and production as it contributes to better food security and more sustainable farming systems. Grain legumes are necessary elements of crop production in Ethiopia. The adoption and use of legume crops have been advocated for enhanced nutrition and preserving soil resources. Different improved varieties and legume production technologies have been made available to farmers through various sectors and projects in the country. Various policy measures and initiatives have also been made in improving the adoption, technology generation and contribution of legumes to the various system. Despite their contribution and considerable initiatives, over-all level of adoption and use of legume production is still low. A wide array of technical, economic, social, and institutional factors has been found to encounter the adoption, use and production of legumes along with their value-chain. However, there are still various opportunities that different grain legumes are to be adopted and promoted to increase production and productivity. Essential interventions, innovative approaches, increased production packages and improved technologies and market access should be emphasized and integrated to strengthen grain legumes adoption and production.
Assessment of the Role of Small-Scale Irrigation Practice on House Hold Food Security in Haramaya District, Eastern Haraghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Tolossa Tasisa Temesgen
Published: April 2020

However, irrigation practice is poor in Ethiopia, increases agricultural production and productivity. The study was conducted in Haramaya district, Eastern Ethiopia. The object of this study is to see contribution of small scale irrigation towards increasing agricultural production, and identify the factors that affecting the use of small scale irrigation. From the district, three peasant associations were purposively selected each from different agro ecological classifications. Sampling size of 116 households was interviewed and Secondary data were also collected from the office. Three different types of irrigation were identified; Surface irrigation type using furrow method of irrigation is the most common irrigation type in the study area, which accounts about 66.5%. The study indicated that, water scarcity, lack improved seed, and disease outbreak and drought were among the major constraints of irrigation practices in the study area. Therefore practicing water harvesting and supplying improved technologies provide extended service regularly for farmers should be practiced in the future.
MODEL BANGKITAN PERJALANAN LALU LINTAS PADA ZONA PENDIDIKAN SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS NEGERI JEMBER
Authors: Fataroh Yudo , Kriswardhana Willy , Hayati Nunung Nuring
Published: April 2020

Peningkatan fasilitas dan civitas akademika yang dialami pada 5 Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri Jember selaras dengan peningkatan jumlah kendaraan. Peningkatan jumlah kendaraan yang tertarik ini berdampak pada kemacetan lalu lintas yang disebabkan oleh minimnya tempat pemberhentian untuk menaikan dan menurunkan penumpang. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut untuk menguraikan kemacetan yang terjadi perlu dilakukan manajemen lalu lintas. Hal pertama yang dilakukan yaitu analisis dan pemodelan bangkitan perjalanan. Analisis pemodelan bangkitan perjalanan pada penelitian ini akan dimodelkan dengan soft ware bantu statistik menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda. Model terbaik yang dihasilkan untuk meramalkan bangkitan pergerakan pada kendaraan pengantar SMAN Jember adalah Y= (0,194) X1 + (1,059) X6 + (42,676) X7 – 606,109 dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,945 dan pada kendaraan penjemput SMAN Jember adalah Y= (0,234) X1 + (0,699) X6 + (40,566) X7 – 594,67 dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,933. Dimana Y adalah Jumlah kendaraan, X1 adalah jumlah pelajar, X6 adalah luas kelas, dan X7 adalah perbandingan jumlah pelajar dengan guru.
ANALISA DAMPAK LALULINTAS AKIBAT PEMBANGUNAN RUKO DAN GUDANG DI JALAN RAYA KEMANGSEN KECAMATAN BALONGBENDO SIDOARJO
Authors: Donny Muhammad Shofwan , Wibisono R Endro
Published: April 2020

Rencana pembangunan ruko dan gudang yang berada di Jalan Raya Kemengsen Sidoarjo, akan menimbulkan pergerakan lalulintas yang berdampak pada penurunan kinerja jalan. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan perhitungan kajian Dampak Lalu Lintas (Andalalin) agar tetap memberikan tingkat pelayanan yang baik padaa ruas jalan, serta dapat memberikan solusi masalah lalu lintas yang terjadi akibat pembangunan ruko dan gudang tersebut. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini didasarkan pada Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI 1997). Metode penelitian andalalin ini tahap awalnya adalah survei lalu lintas kemudian menghitung arus lalulintas  dan menetapkan klasifikasi andalalin. Setelah itu, menghitung kinerja lalu lintas pada kondisi eksisting tahun 2019 dan menghitung peramalan tahun akibat pembangunan ruko dan gudang tersebut pada tahun 2025. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kinerja lalulintas eksisting pada Jalan Raya Kemengsen dan Mayjen Bambang Yuwono dengan nilai DS mencapai 0,52 tingkat pelayanan  C. Sedangkan kinerja lalulintas pada tahun 2025 adalahDS = 0,84 atau tingkat pelayanan D. Alternatif yang ditawarkan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan jalan adalah penambahan lebar jalan dan penyediaan ruang parkir.
DO FOREIGN FINANCIAL INFLOWS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH? EVIDENCE FROM SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Authors: Kwabena Twerefou Daniel , Ebo Turkson Festus , Frimpong-Wiafe Belinda , Antwi Darkwah Samuel
Published: April 2020

The study examines the impact of financial inflows, proxied by Foreign Direct Investment, Official Development Assistance and remittances on Economics growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using the Generalized Method of Moments technique and panel data for 47 Sub Saharan African countries for the period 1995-2017, while controlling for domestic investment, human capital, government expenditure, trade openness, inflation, financial development, political rights and civil liberty. The results indicate that remittances and Foreign Direct Investment are growth-enhancing as they impact positively on economic growth consistent with Solow neoclassical model. However, Official Development Assistance reduces economic growth possibly as a result of weak institutional quality. While government expenditure, domestic investment and inflation positively impact on Economics growth, trade openness and Secondary School Enrolment had a negative impact on growth. We recommend countries in the sub-region to come up with policies that encourage Foreign Direct Investment and remittances inflow while ensuring that institutional structures are improved to ensure the efficiency of Official Development Assistance and the better allocation of such resources. Countries also need to focus more on internal sources of finance for government expenditure.
Market Consensus: A Case of Biased Estimates
Authors: Coutino Alfredo
Published: April 2020

Policymakers and governments usually defend their growth estimates with the argument that they are in line with the market consensus. However, in many emerging market economies the consensus has a strong bias given that an important component of participants are followers rather than genuine independent forecasters. In the case of Mexico and Chile there are empirical reasons to believe that the consensus is strongly biased toward official estimates. This paper addresses the empirical bias in the consensus forecast, the Granger statistical test to confirm the direction of the causality, and the main policy implications.
Microfacies Analysis of the Mishrif and Kifil Formations of Amara Oil field/South of Iraq
Authors: AL-Nqar Karam R.A. , Faisal Sawsan H. , . Al-Jwaini Yaseen S.K
Published: April 2020

The lithologic and petrographic studies of the Mishrif and Kifil formations in Amara oil field in wells AM11,AM9, AM5 was revealed that the Mishrif formation consists of limestone and dolomitic limestone. While the Kifil formation is consist of the anhydrite and mud-dominated limestone.  
The skeletal grains of Mishrif formation includes variety of benthos foraminifera, bivalves (Rudist) ,corals , stromatolite, algae, ostracods, gastropods, echinoderms. Non-skeletal grains are rare and authegenic minerals of pyrite and iron oxide are present. The rocks of the formation are affected by diagenesis such as dolomitization ,dissolution and recrystallization. The Kifil formation rocks do not have any skeletal grains and affected by recrystallization only .
The microfacies analysis of Mishrif formation reveals that the formation consists of: mudstone, wackestone, packstone, grainstone and boundstone deposed in the fore environments extend from for reef, back reef to: open marine, reef, shoals platform margin, restricted environment. The Kifil formation divided into tow lithological facies these are limestone and evaporite and we recognized mudstone microfacies only deposited in restricted environment and represents the Mishrif reservoir cap rocks .
 The research illustrated that the upper contact of Mishrif formation is gradational and conformable with Kifl formation with evidence from a gradual changes from limestone to anhydrite. In this study was considered the evaporites and limestone to Kifil formation. The Kifil formation is presence by thickness (7m) in the Amara Oilfield .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.088
α–almost similar operators
Authors: Abdul Majeed Amjad H. , Shaakir Laith K.
Published: April 2020

The study focuses on α–almost similar operator which is a new concept of the operator theory and also some basic concepts related to the concept α–almost similar.
The study also defines a new concept called   which is an expansion of the concept  and the relationship of this concept with the α–almost similar.
At the end of this research, we study some important relationships among similar, unitarily equivalent, and almost similar on the one hand and α–almost similar on the other.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.094
Modified new conjugate gradient method for Unconstrained Optimization
Authors: Abdullah1 Zeyad M. , Sadeq2 Hameed M, , Azzam3 ,  Hisham M, , Khaleel4 Mundher A.
Published: April 2020

The current paper modified method of conjugate gradient for solving problems of unconstrained optimization. The modified method convergence is achieved by assuming some hypotheses. The statistical results demonstrate that the modified method is efficient for solving problems of Unconstrained Nonlinear Optimization in comparison with methods FR and HS.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.095
Comparative Study on Renal Function Parameters During Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia
Authors: Hasan Widad A.
Published: April 2020

Pre-eclampsia is a disease of pregnancy that affects many system in the body, characterized by elevated blood pressure with protein in urine after 20 weeks of pregnancy in pregnant women with no history of hypertension or proteinurea in previous pregnancy.
The aim of the current study is to determine the renal function parameters as blood urea and serum creatinine levels in preeclamptic patients and to compare it with the normal pregnant women.
This case-control study was conducted among the pregnant women visiting AL-Batool Maternity Teaching Hospital and AL-Khansa Hospital, Mosul, Iraq. Total 150 participants were evaluated out of which 75 were normotensive pregnant women (control group) and 75 were enrolled as preeclamptic group (study group). Serum creatinine and urea levels were measured using standard procedures.
Results indicate a significant  rise in the mean  concentration of serum urea (4.72 ± 1.01 mmol/L vs. 2.48 ± 0.62 mmol/L), serum creatinine (88.8 ± 12.49 µmol / L vs. 56.61 ± 8.2 μmol/L), as compared to that of normotensive pregnant women( P < 0.0001). The findings of the present study are consistent with previous studies, suggesting increased level of serum creatinine and urea in preeclamptic group.
Proper history tacking, examination and estimation of serum urea and creatinine may be helpful for management of pre–eclampsia in order to prevent fetal and maternal complications.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.104
New Modified Electrodes of Graphite paste with Nano Silicon dioxide For Determination of Sildenafil citrate Drug
Authors: Mohammed1 Aveen K. , Khaleel1 Ali I. , Ahmed2 , Nawzad N.
Published: April 2020

In this research, new graphite paste electrodes modified with silicon dioxide (SiO2) nano particle are constructed and used for the determination of Viagra drug (Sildenafil citrate, SILC). The electrodes are constructed by preparing ion-pair for (SILC) with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) or phosphomolybdic (PMA) acid using dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as a plasticizer. These electrodes show good sensitivity towards SILC with linear range of (1.0´10-7-1.0´10-2) M, correlation coefficient, (0.9990) and the life time (120) days for both electrodes, limit of detection  (5.177´10-8 and 5.026´10-8) M, optimum temperature range (23-50 and 23-65)oC , slope (57.33 and 58.01) mV/decade and optimum pH range (2-6 and 2-5), for SILC-PTA and SILC-PMA electrodes respectively. These electrodes were successfully applied for determination of SILC in pure and pharmaceutical preparation form (tablets) with recovery of not less than 98% .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.109
Study the structural and optical properties of nanostructure ZnS thin film prepared by Radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique
Authors: Mohammed Abed1 Azhar , K. Elttayef2 , Abdulhussain , Razeg1 Khalid Hamdi
Published: April 2020

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films were deposited on glass substrate with different thickness by radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique, and deals with effect of thickness on the optical and structural properties. The structure, surface morphology and optical properties are investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic forces microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy, and UV-visible spectrophotometer.  The result of XRD show that ZnS thin film exhibited cubic structure with strong peaks at (111) as highly preferential orientation. The maximum particle size of films was found to be 14.4 at thickness 868nm. SEM image show that the shape of grain is like spherical. The result of AFM shows that the surface roughness decrease with increasing in film thickness from (6.19 to 1.45)nm. The result of UV-visible suggests that transmittance increasing with increases in film thickness, the value maximum of ZnS transmission was 87.82%  at thickness 868nm, can be very much useful in the field of solar cell and optical sensor .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.113
Interaction parameters of protons in Aluminum and Iron
Authors: Mahmoud A.1 Sabah , M. Asker2 Mohammed , Sameen Ali2 Zainb
Published: April 2020

The interactions parameters(including ,stopping power with orbital electrons, continues slowing down ranges approximation and square of screening angle)for slow protons(10-500)MeV in aluminum and iron elements were calculated by adopting  empirical  equations through  using  Visual Basic Studio program 2016. the  present study indicates that  the calculated parameters  show a linearity with  the atomic number (Z) and the proton incident energy of the absorber the comparison with the available  pervious experimental work gives a good agreement
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.115
Simulation Effect of Ga2O3 layer thickness on CdTe solar cell by SCAPS-1D
Authors: Mouhammed Adnan Alwan , Saleh Ayed N.
Published: April 2020

The effect of Ga2O3 thickness on CdTe cells was studied using the SCAPS-1D simulator. The best solar cell efficiency (14.65%) was found at the thickness of the gallium oxide layer (1-10nm) and the cell efficiency (η) decrease with an increase in the thickness of the oxide layer and the decrease of the fill factor, thus decreasing the voltage current (I-V) and decreasing the current of the short circuit (Isc). The value of the open circuit voltage (VOC) is approximately constant and at 0.76V. The optical properties of the cell of quantitative efficiency are 86% and decrease within 18nm
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.116
The Influence of molecular Effects on Laser Nd:YAG and Diode on Trichophyton Rubrum fungi using RAPD marker
Authors: A.alkarem A.albaqi1 Marwan , Jasem1 Awatef Saber , A.azawai2 Adnan Fathel
Published: April 2020

This study was carried out to assess the morphological and molecular effects of the Nd: yag and Diode (semiconductor) lasers on Trichophyton rubrum Fungi using RAPD marke . Sixty samples of skin patches, nail clippings and parts of hair were collected from infected patients of both sexes (34 males  and 26 females) for the age group (1-60) year of patients who have attended to Tikrit Teaching Hospital. The T.rubrum fungi was the most common among the skin fungi, T.rubrum radiated by using two lasers: the Nd: yag  laser with a wavelength (530) nm and energy (300, 500, 700) mJ and for two times exposing 20 and 30 seconds by six coefficients and control sample, the low-density diode (5 mW) for 3 times 10, 20 and 30 seconds on distance 20 cm with three treatments and a control sample. DNA was extracted from the fungus after direct exposure and after leaving it to grow for a whole generation and then was used to complete RAPD reactions using five primers. The RAPD marker gave excellent results with all primers, It was noted that the exposure of T. rubrum to the Nd: yag and Diode lasers with different cards and times had different effects on DNA and caused significant changes in the RAPD patterns compared with the control group, new bands appear and others disappear. The energy affecting the fungus T.rubrum for the first laser Nd: yag is 500 mj at time 30 sec while the power of the laser Diode was 5 mw at time 20 sec. The results suggested that the diode laser is highly effective and has a great effect on the genetic material of fungi compared with the effect of the first laser. The conclusion that the use of laser can affect DNA of skin fungi and may lead to mutations which means that it can be used in the treatment of skin fungal infections and the RAPD was effective in detecting the effect of laser at the molecular level as a simple, and inexpensive.
 
 http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.117
Some properties on extended eigenvalues and extended eigenvectors
Authors: Shaakir1 Laith K. , Hijab2 Anas A.
Published: April 2020

In this paper, the study extended eigenvalues and extended eigenvectors, and we will investigate the  and give for some concepts properties and result important, also we will find the  and  on the  space, so U is Unilateral shift operator and .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.119
The Integration of SAP Software in Learning Accounting Information Systems to Face Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Susanti Asri Diah , Hananto Santoso Tri , Murni Sri
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to improve student competence by integrating SAP in the SIA course in the industrial revolution 4.0. This research is a classroom action research. Data analysis methods used are quantitative and qualitative. Qualitative analysis is done by identifying the weaknesses and strengths of the application of actions and analyzing critical points. Quantitative analysis was performed by paired sample t-test to strengthen the results of the study. The results showed that there was an increase in student competence from moderate to high in cycle 1. This result was also supported by the results of paired sample t-tests which showed that there was a difference in student competence before and after the integration of SAP in SIA courses.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa dengan mengintegrasikan SAP dalam MK SIA dalam menghadapi revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi kelemahan dan kelebihan penerapan tindakan serta menganalisis titik kritis. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan dengan paired sample t-test untuk memperkuat hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kompetensi mahasiswa dari sedang ke tinggi pada siklus 1. Hasil ini juga didukung oleh hasil paired sample t-test Â yang menunjukan terdapat perbedaan kompetensi mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah tindakan yaitu diintegrasikannya SAP dalam mata kuliah SIA.
The Value Relevance of Corporate Disclosures: Social Responsibility, Intellectual Capital, Corporate Governance
Authors: Firmansyah Amrie , Yusuf Yusuf
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis study is aimed to investigate the relationship of corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital, and corporate governance on value relevance. The sample employed in this research is manufacturing companies listed on the IDX using secondary data from financial statements and annual reports from 2014 to 2016. The sample was selected by using a purposive sampling method with the number of samples amounted to 159 firm-year. The results of this study suggest that corporate social responsibility and intellectual capital disclosure are not associated with value relevance. Meanwhile, corporate governance is positively associated with value relevance.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan, modal intelektual, dan tata kelola perusahaan terhadap relevansi nilai. Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI berupa data sekunder dari laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan dari 2014 hingga 2016. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel berjumlah 159 firm-year. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan dan pengungkapan modal intelektual tidak berpengaruh terhadap relevansi nilai. Sementara itu, tata kelola perusahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap relevansi nilai.
Integrated Reportingâ€™s Impact on Corporate Governance: Study in Asean Capital Market
Authors: Shanti Shanti , Tjahjadi Bambang , Narsa I Made
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTIntegrated reporting (IR) that merges the firm's financial and non-financial information into one single reporting is the latest evolution of corporate financial reporting today. This study purposes to examine the impact of the implementation of IR on corporate governance, especially family business in the mining industry listed on the ASEAN capital market in the 2014-2017 period. The results of the study based on the Stata 14.2 statistical program concluded that the implementation of IR has a positive impact on corporate governance in the ASEAN capital market, i.e. the implementation of IR drivers changes in behavior and perceptions in corporate governance (reporting driven behavior), thus making corporate governance more effective.ABSTRACTPelaporan terintegrasi (IR) yang menyatukan informasi keuangan dan non-keuangan perusahaaan ke dalam satu pelaporan tunggal merupakan evolusi pelaporan keuangan perusahaan terbaru saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti dampak penerapan pelaporan terintegrasi (IR) terhadap tata kelola perusahaan, khususnya perusahaan keluarga dalam industri pertambangan yang terdaftar di pasar modal ASEAN tahun 2014 s.d. 2017. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan program statistik Stata 14.2 menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan pelaporan terintegrasi (IR) berpengaruh positif terhadap tata kelola perusahaan di pasar modal ASEAN, yaitu bahwa penerapan pelaporan terintegrasi (IR) memicu terjadinya perubahan perilaku dan persepsi dalam tata kelola perusahaan (reporting driven behavior), sehingga menjadikan tata kelola perusahaan menjadi lebih efektif.
Effect of Foreign Commissioners, Ethnic Commissioners, Feminism Commissioners Towards CSR Disclosure
Authors: Rahma Anita Ade , Aldi Febri
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe study aims to test whether the foreign commissioners, ethnic commissioners, and feminism commissioners influence CSR disclosure. This study used a sample of 20 companies LQ-45 are listed on the Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2017. CSR disclosure using the GRI-G4 standard. Ethnic commissioners focused on the presence of ethnic Chinese. The results of this study prove that the foreign commissionersâ€™ variables did not affect CSR disclosure. While on the contrary, ethnic commissioners and feminism commissioners gave a positive effect on CSR disclosure. The existence of ethnic Chinese in the board profitable companies to improve disclosure of CSR index. Likewise, the role of women is needed for the breadth of CSR disclosure.ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk menguji apakah dewan komisaris asing, etnis dewan komisaris, dan feminism dewan komisaris mempengaruhi CSR dislosure. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel 20 perusahaan LQ-45 yang terdaftar di BEI dari 2015-2017. CSR disclosure menggunakan GRI-G4 standard. Etnis dewan komisaris terfokus pada keberadaan etnis Cina. Adapun Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa variabel dewan komisaris asing tidak berpengaruh terhadap CSR disclosure.Â  Sedangkan sebaliknya, etnis dewan komisaris dan feminism dewan komisaris memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap CSR disclosure. Keberadaan etnis Cina dalam dewan menguntungkan perusahaan untuk meningkatkan index CSR disclosure. Begitu juga peran wanita sangat dibutuhkan demi luasnya CSR disclosure.