bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dendrobine Suppresses Tumor Growth by Regulating the PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Pathway in Lung Cancer
Authors: Li Linmao , Nong Jiejin , Li Jingui , Fang Lini , Pan Meini , Qiu Haixian , Huang Shiqing , Li Yepeng , Wei Meijuan , Yin Haiying
Published: September 2024

Background:

Dendrobine is a bioactive alkaloid isolated from Dendrobium nobile. Studies have evaluated the anti-tumor effect of dendrobine in cancers, including lung cancer. However, the mechanism of dendrobine inhibiting tumors requires further study.

Methods:

Bioinformatics was performed to screen the potential targets of dendrobine. The in-tersection of dendrobine and lung cancer targets was performed for KEGG analysis. CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability after dendrobine treatment. A xenograft mouse model was es-tablished to explore the effect of dendrobine on lung cancer. The percentages of PD-L1+, CD4+, CD8+, CD11b+, CD25+FOXP3+ cells, the expression of Ki-67 and caspase-3, the ex-pression of pathway-related proteins, the levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TGF-β, and the changes of indicators of liver and renal function were measured.

Results:

Dendrobine regulated the PD1/PD-L1 checkpoint signaling pathway and affected the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Dendrobine decreased the cell viability of lung cancer. Dendrobine and anti-PD-L1 decreased tumor growth, increased caspase-3 expression, and reduced Ki-67 expression in tumor tissues. Dendrobine and anti-PD-L1 suppressed pro-tein expression of PD-L1, p-JAK1/JAK1, and p-JAK2/JAK2 in tumor tissues. Greatly, den-drobine and anti-PD-L1 decreased the percentages of PD-L1+, CD11b+, and CD25+FOXP3+ cells, increased the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+cells, and enhanced the levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, and TGF-β in tumor tissues. Dendrobine demonstrated no hepatorenal toxicity to the tumor mice. The combination of dendrobine and anti-PD-L1 greatly strengthened the effects of dendrobine on tumors.

Conclusion:

Dendrobine inhibited tumor immune escape by suppressing the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway, thus restricting tumor growth of lung cancer.

conclusion:

Dendrobiine inhibited tumor immune escape by suppressing PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway, thus restricting tumor growth of lung cancer.

other:

N/A
Polyketide Synthase 13 (Pks13) Inhibition: A Potential Target for New Class of Anti-tubercular Agents
Authors: Khola Sonia , Kumar Sachin , Bhanwala Neeru , Khatik Gopal L.
Published: September 2024

:

Tuberculosis is one of the deadly infectious diseases that has resurfaced in multiple/
extensively resistant variants (MDR/XDR), threatening humankind. Today’s world has a higher
prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) than it has ever had throughout human history. Due to severe adverse
effects, the marketed medications are not entirely effective in these forms. So, developing
new drugs with a promising target is an immense necessity. Pks13 has emerged as a promising
target for the mycobacterium. The concluding step of mycolic acid production involved Pks13, a
crucial enzyme that helps form the precursor of mycolic acid via the Claisen-condensation reaction.
It has five domains at the active site for targeting the enzyme and is used to test chemical entities
for their antitubercular activity. Benzofurans, thiophenes, coumestans, N-phenyl indoles, and β
lactones are the ligands that inhibit the Pks13 enzyme, showing potential antitubercular properties.
A Current Perspective on the Effects of Flavonoids in the Treatment of Acne
Authors: Yadav Shikha , Singh Pratichi , Khan Javed , Singh Swetanshu
Published: September 2024

Pimples, blackheads, whiteheads, etc., are common types of acne that pop up on the
skin each time, whenever dead cells and oils obstruct the outgrowth of hair from the hair follicle.
It is very common to observe this condition in teenagers, but regardless of age, if the causing
condition is met, acne can occur at any point in life. The characteristic feature of all types of acne
is it starts with inflammation of the skin. These inflammatory marks (like black spots, pores,
small scars, etc.) leave behind even when acne disappears. Plants like vegetables and flowers are
naturally rich in different types of polyphenolic compounds called flavonoids. These flavonoids
have various key functions, from guiding cell movement to maintaining oxidative pressure in the
body. In this study, we discuss six types of flavonoids that have the potential to be used as medicine
for the treatment of different kinds of skin breakouts. Moreover, the result of molecular
docking of different proteins that have an association with acne is also discussed.
Metabolic and Reproductive Parameters in Young Female Rats Subjected to Feed Restriction and/or Ginger Oil Administration
Authors: Subih Hadil S. , Obeidat Belal S. , Kridli Rami T. , Obeidat Mohammad D. , Janakat Sana M. , Qudsieh Rasha I. , Obeidat Leen B. , Shdaifat Basma , Izbeidat Amina , Al-Khashroom Wessam , Mayyas Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Background

It is well known that the medicinal plant ginger (Zingiber officinale) has anti-oxidative properties that shield tissues and organs against oxidative damage.

Aims

Forty-eight, 9-week-old Sprague Dawley female rats (159±13 g) were used to evaluate the effects of feed restriction and/or ginger oil supplementation on growth, reproductive parameters, and blood metabolites.

Methods

Animals were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups (12 rats/treatment) in 2 × 2 factorial arrangements: ad libitum feed (CON), 25% feed restriction (G2), ad libitum feeding with 0.2 mL/rat ginger oil (G3), and 25% feed restriction plus 0.2 mL/rat ginger oil (G4). Animals in groups G2 and G4 received 75% of their pre-treatment feed intake (25% restriction). Six rats from each group were sacrificed at the end of treatments for blood and tissue collection, while the remaining rats were mated with mature males.

Results

No ginger-by-feed restriction interactions were detected in any of the tested parameters. Body size and BW increased as the experiment advanced (P < 0.01). However, G2 had the lowest BW towards the end of the treatment. Glucose was greater (P < 0.05) in feed-restricted animals, while urea nitrogen was greater in animals on ad libitum feeding. Combined ovarian weights and reproductive tract weights were greater in ginger-supplemented than non-supplemented animals. Similarly, rats on ad libitum feeding had greater ovarian weights than those on restricted feeding.

Conclusion

Ginger oil supplementation appears to have favorable effects on reproductive tract development and ovarian weight regardless of feed restriction.
The Impact of Electronic Device Use on Dry Eye Disease Symptoms based on Age and Gender: A Cross-sectional Study in Health Science University Students
Authors: Allwihan Ragad , Alhalwani Amani Y. , Khojah Mohammed , Abduljawad Joud M. , Albedaiwi Tarfah B. , Bazhair Ruba M. , Alkhayyat Alaa A. , Alsolami Maria N. , Anbari Lujain K.
Published: September 2024

Background

Individuals with dry eye disease (DED) may experience ocular symptoms, affecting their quality of life. DED is multifactorial and is related to age, gender, and other factors. While a study may contain examination results of DED symptoms in elderly populations, where electronic device use has contributed to DED, disease occurrence in younger populations, such as university students, remains unclear.

Purpose

We evaluated DED frequency and risk factors for health science university students using electronic devices during online courses.

Methods

This study is a cross-sectional study using a previously validated DED questionnaire [Computer Vision Syndrome questionnaire (CVSQ)], which contains three parts: student demographics, electronic device information, and DED symptoms. We conducted an observational cross-sectional study of 359 health science students (aged 18 and above) at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between October 2022 and January 2023. We collected data on electronic device variables and DED symptoms in this cohort.

Results

We recruited 359 male (29.2%) and female (70.8%) health science students. Participant ages ranged from 18–20 (62.4%) to 21–27 (37.6%) years old. Participants were asked 24 questions, which gathered information on electronic device type, screen time in online classes, occupational characteristics (smoking status), and associated eye symptoms, such as pain, redness, itchiness, dryness, and heavy eyelids. Based on most responses, the Tablet was the most used and preferred device (85%), with continuous use of the device during university courses/ activities (85.8%). The correlation of the survey parameters was only significantly related to gender and study years with DED symptoms. The highest eye symptom intensity levels (always to severe) indicated burning (6.7%) and dryness (8.6%) sensations. Lastly, a significant association was identified between DED symptoms and screen time, gender, and smoking status.

Conclusion

DED symptoms were commonly reported in university students who used electronic devices. Our study provides valuable insights into electronic device usage duration impacted the ocular health of females and younger students, aiding in preventing dry eye disease risks and maintaining good eye health.
PERSAMAAN REGRESI LINIER BERGANDA UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI EFISIENSI BOILER
Authors: Eko Sarwono  , Martin Choirul Fatah  , Brunner I Made Indradjaja Marcus Brunner
Published: September 2024

Boiler efficiency calculation is crucial to determine the reliability of boiler performance. Generally, boiler efficiency is calculated by the heat loss method, which considers losses in the combustion process. The calculation consumes more time due to detailed procedure and analysis. This research aims to develop a multiple linear regression equation in predicting boiler efficiency based on performance test data from PLTU X unit 1. The equation was then validated with a classical assumption test, i.e. normality, linearity, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, and hypothesis test. In addition, the equation was used to calculate the boiler efficiency at PLTU ABC (unit 1 & 2) and PLTU XYZ (unit 1). The results show that there is approximately 0.49% boiler efficiency discrepancy among equation and heat loss method calculations.
A RECENT REVIEW ON THE FAILURE ANALYSIS OF BOILER TUBE
Authors: Utomo Faris Fadhil , Rashyid Muhammad Ibnu , Nugraha Ariyana Dwiputra , Muflikhun Muhammad Akhsin
Published: September 2024

The failure analysis in the industrial systems i.e. power plan, oil, and gas companies, has been reported by many researchers. One of the most reported has occurred in the Boiler system. Among the components of the boiler, problems, and failures often took place in the tube. The purposes of the recent study are to describe, classify, and review the latest update of the failure behavior of the boiler tube. The failure was formed by overheating, creep, stress corrosion, cracking, erosion, oxidation, and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT). The current works are listed based on the methods used to identify the failures, failure observations, and case studies updated from the boiler tube failure condition. The research suggests that to replace the failure tubes, analysis related to the stress induced outside and inside the tube, environment conditions, and lifetime maintenance works need to be considered.
OPTIMIZATIONS THE TENSILE-SHEAR STRENGTH OF TIG WELDING PARAMETERS FOR MILD STEEL AT DIFFERENT MATERIAL THICKNESSES
Authors: Dwicahyo Tegar , Basit Arul , Amar Amar , Sukarman Sukarman , Khoirudin Khoirudin , Suhara Ade
Published: September 2024

This article presents a study on optimizing Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding on mild steel (SPCC-SD/JIS G3141) with varying thicknesses of 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm. Automobile bodies commonly utilize mild steel with a material thickness ranging from 0.6 to 0.98 mm. The objective of this study was to ascertain the upper limit of tensile-shear strength that can be achieved by utilizing the specific parameters utilized in TIG welding. This study utilizes a three-level experiment and incorporates three input variables in the Taguchi experimental optimization method. The advantage of this approach lies in its ability to yield comprehensive outcomes while minimizing expenses, as it can be adapted to the resources available. An additional benefit is that this approach can be implemented in a multitude of industrial situations.The study's input variables are welding current, argon gas flow rate, and electrode diameter. Utilizing a continuous flow of argon gas of 12 LPM (liter per minute), a welding current of 55 A, and an electrode diameter of 1.6 mm, the maximum mean T-S strength of 3457.13 N was achieved. The ANOVA revealed that the flow rate, welding current, and electrode diameter had a per cent contribution of 50.07%, 26.89%, and 23.04%. The flow rate was the parameter with the most significant impact on the influential variable. The welding current and the electrode diameter do not significantly affect the response. The findings indicate that by adjusting the parameters to the optimal level determined by the Taguchi method, the S-N ratio for T-S strength increases by 9.30%, and T-S strength increases by 12.42%. The findings of this study offer a thorough comprehension of enhancing the TIG welding approach and can be further refined by incorporating additional variables.
MOLD DESIGN AND FLOW ANALYSIS FOR PRODUCT PROPELLER APC SF 11X4.7 WITH MINIMUM SHRINKAGE AND WARPAGE
Authors: Sahputra Wahyu Puji , Budiyantoro Cahyo , Nugroho Gesang , Adam Muhammad Kevin
Published: September 2024

Making molds in the injection molding manufacturing process is one of the basic steps that functions to prevent product defects during the production process. The product defects that most often occur in this manufacturing process include shrinkage and warpage defects. This research will discuss the mold design for the APC SF 11x4.7 propeller product with a twist variation of 45o and minimum shrinkage and warpage values. Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene (GFRPP) will be used as the propeller product material. The entire design process to testing will be carried out using software assistance. The Taguchi method with an L9 orthogonal array matrix (34) was used in this research. where L9 explains that the experiment will be carried out nine times, and 34 means there are three levels and four main factors. The four main factors consist of packing pressure, packing time, melting temperature and injection pressure. The Taguchi method is used with the aim of making it easier to find the variation value that produces the lowest shrinkage and warping defects in the product. The simulation results show that the variation with the smallest shrinkage value produces a value of 7.9% and the variation with the smallest warpage value produces a value of 1.051 mm
STUDI PENGARUH PERLAKUAN ALKALI TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN MORFOLOGI KOMPOSIT SERAT PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT BERMATRIK UREA FORMALDEHIDA
Authors: Istana Budi , Utami Lega Putri
Published: September 2024

Palm frond residue is one of the valuable wastes from palm oil plantations. This refuse can be repurposed and transformed into materials for producing acoustic composites. This study investigates the mechanical and morphology characteristics of a composite material reinforced with natural fiber palm fronds and a urea-formaldehyde (UF) as a matrix. Two parameters are formulated: the effect of alkali treatment on the fiber and the effect of density. The treatment parameter refers to the particles without treatment, 60 and 180 minutes of 2% alkaline immersion. Composite densities were determined with 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 g/cm3. The composite was made using hot pressed at a pressure of 1.8 MPa, a temperature of 140OC for 5 minutes with 10% Urea Formaldehyde resin. Alkaline treatment and density of composite have a significant effect on mechanical and morphological characteristics. The best mechanical characteristics were obtained from panels with a 0.6 g/cm3 density, without treatment, MOE: 533.53 N/mm2. The results of this study have the potential to lead to the use of sustainable palm oil waste materials in novel products, which has a significant impact and great relevance not only from environmental aspects but also from social and economic aspects in Indonesia.
RANCANGAN SISTEM HIDROLIK PADA FRONT ATTACHMENT ALAT PERAGA MINI EXCAVATOR
Authors: Purwanto Sigit , Aisyah Nyayu , Prihadianto Braam Delfian , Krisnaputra Radhian , Wismo F. Eko , Bahiuddin Irfan
Published: September 2024

As one of the heavy equipment, an excavator is used to facilitate construction work and streamline time and energy. Hydraulic excavators are widely used in construction, mining, quarrying, and forestry applications. A hydraulic excavator is a type of heavy equipment that has several functions such as digging, loading, lifting, scraping, grading, braking, etc. One of the products which is developed by the Mechanical Engineering Department of Vocational School (SV-UGM) is the Mini Excavator. Mini Excavator has a function as excavators in general. A smaller size makes it easier to operate and apply in the field are more compact and do not require a large area. This equipment is expected to be the right teaching aid in supporting the learning process of students of the Heavy Equipment Management and Maintenance Engineering Study Program in the Mechanical Engineering Department. For the learning process to be optimal, the equipment used should be optimal. Therefore, in this research, the design and construction of the Traction Drive System for Backhoe Type Hydraulic Excavators will be carried out and some testing will also be conducted to know the performance of the mini excavator
MEL-FREQUENCY CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS (MFCC) FEATURE FOR PUMP ANOMALY DETECTION IN NOISY ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Vinaya Anindita Adikaputri , Aciandra Tiffani Febiola
Published: September 2024

The continuity of a production process is supported by the availability of good assets. One of the efforts to support asset availability is through asset maintenance. One of the important assets in the industry is the pump. To detect anomalous conditions in the pump, the sound of the engine can be used. However, noisy environmental conditions can change the characteristics of the sound produced. This can have an impact on errors in identifying the condition of the machine. In this study, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) is used, because the characteristics of MFCC are very attached to the sound signal and are appropriate for sound signals in the case of this noisy environment where the signal tends to be non-stationary. Support Vector Machine will be used as a method that maps input (machine features) and output (machine condition). In this study, a comparison of the use of combined features of time and frequency domains with time-frequency features (MFCC) will be carried out. Improved performance is obtained when the time-frequency domain acoustic feature in the form of MFCC is used with an average accuracy reaching 99.88% on the Medium Gaussian SVM model.
STUDI NUMERIK KARAKTERISTIK PENGABUTAN BAHAN BAKAR DIESEL, BIODIESEL DAN CAMPURANNYA
Authors: Hardiatama Intan , Aziz Muhammad Lutfi , Ilminafik Nasrul , Sanata Andi , Rosyadi Ahmad Adib
Published: September 2024

Biodiesel predicted to replace diesel fuel in the future that comes from the transesterification process of plant oils, animal fats, or used oils. One of the potential raw materials is nyamplung seeds because they are scattered in Indonesia, easy to cultivate, and bear fruit throughout the year [1]. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mixing pure diesel fuel and nyamplung biodiesel with the fuel composition B0, B20, B30, and B100 on the spray tip characteristics penetration, spray angle, and sauter mean diameter.This study focussed on simulation. The simulation method is carried out to predict the distribution and mean diameter of droplet using commercial fluent software. Fuel spray is carried out in free air with an injection pressure of 15 MPa, fuel temperature 28.2 ℃ and free air temperature 30.1 ℃. The spray process was taken at 6.25 ms and then the fuel spray characteristics were measured using the ImageJ application.The results of testing the fuel spray characteristics indicate that the amount of biodiesel content in the fuel is 20-100%. It can increase the length of spray tip penetration about 0.7-4.9%, a decrease in spray angle of 9.2-32.1% and the sauter mean diameter value increased by 20.1-84.6%. It caused by increasing the amount of biodiesel content in the fuel which results in an increase in the value of density, viscosity and surface tension of the fuel.
A New ‘Stockholm Syndrome’: Physical Impairment and Hospital Confinement as Post-Holocaust Sequelae in Ilona Karmel’s Stephania
Authors: Cortés Vieco Francisco José
Published: September 2024

Ilona Karmel was a Holocaust victim. She endured diseases, Nazi ‘madness’, and imprisonment in the Krakow Ghetto and in concentration camps in Poland and Germany. At the end of World War II, she was abandoned to die by the retreating German enemy. Nevertheless, Victory Day in 1945 saw the beginning of another period of infirmity and confinement for Karmel, who was hospitalized in Sweden to treat leg injuries she had suffered by the Nazis. This essay, bringing together disability and Holocaust studies, explores harrowing post-Shoah sequelae in Karmel’s life, as reflected in Stephania (1953). To recover her sense of self after the bloodletting and to make visible physical impairment in her novel, Karmel creates the fictional Stephania: A Polish patient with spinal curvature worsened during wartime captivity who seeks medical treatment in Stockholm, all the while refusing to accept her body’s disfigurement. This article examines how disability and voluntary hospital confinement are portrayed in the novel Stephania and connected with Holocaust trauma. Despite memories of pain and incarceration invading their minds as survivors, Karmel and her creation Stephania inescapably must come to terms with their respective postwar impairments, heal from their emotional wounds, and cling to life during and beyond their convalescences.
Web-Based Intervention Using Self-Compassionate Writing to Induce Positive Mood in Family Caregivers of Older Adults: Quantitative Study
Authors: Wiita Farah , Ho Aileen K , Weinstein Netta
Published: September 2024

Background

Caregiver burden can impact the mental health of family caregivers, but self-compassion may help reduce this impact. Brief self-compassion interventions have been shown to be useful but have not been tested in family caregivers of older adults.

Objective

This study aimed to test the effects of a brief self-compassion intervention and its components (self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness) on mental well-being and mood when reflecting on difficult family caregiving experiences.

Methods

British caregivers were recruited through a web-based panel. Three experimental studies manipulated the self-compassion intervention. In study 1 (n=206) and study 2 (n=224), participants wrote about a difficult caregiving experience while focusing on 1 self-compassion component (self-kindness, common humanity, or mindfulness). In study 3 (n=222) participants focused on all components. Self-compassion, serenity, guilt, and sadness were measured.

Results

In studies 1 and 2, condition effects showed mindfulness unexpectedly lowered mood. Inconsistent and modest benefits to affect were achieved by engagement in self-kindness and common humanity in study 1 (guilt [lowered]: P=.02 and sadness [lowered]: P=.04; serenity [nonsignificantly raised]: P=.20) and also in study 2 (sadness [nonsignificantly lowered]: P=.23 and guilt [nonsignificantly lowered]: P=.26; serenity [raised]: P=.33); significant benefits for self-compassion and mood were found in study 3 (serenity [raised]: P=.01, kindness [raised]: P=.003, and common humanity [raised]: P≤.001; guilt [lowered]: P<.001 and sadness [lowered]: P≤.001). More intensive efforts should be made to promote self-compassion in caregivers of older adults, with caution advised when relying primarily on mindfulness approaches.

Conclusions

Self-compassionate writing may be beneficial for family caregivers, but more intensive interventions are needed. Further research is needed to determine the optimal dosage and content for achieving the greatest effects.
Investigating Older Adults' Use of a Socially Assistive Robot via Time Series Clustering and User Profiling: Descriptive Analysis Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yoo In-jin , Park Do-Hyung , Lee Othelia EunKyoung , Park Albert
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The aging population and the shortage of geriatric care workers are major global concerns. Socially assistive robots (SARs) have the potential to address these issues, but developing SARs for various types of users is still in its infancy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the characteristics and use patterns of SARs.

METHODS

This study analyzed log data from 64 older adults who used a SAR called Hyodol for 60 days to understand use patterns and their relationship with user characteristics. Data on user interactions, robot-assisted content use, demographics, physical and mental health, and lifestyle were collected. Time series clustering was used to group users based on use patterns, followed by profiling analysis to relate these patterns to user characteristics.

RESULTS

Overall, 4 time series clusters were created based on use patterns: helpers, friends, short-term users, and long-term users. Time series and profiling analyses revealed distinct patterns for each group. We found that older adults use SARs differently based on factors beyond demographics and health. This study demonstrates a data-driven approach to understanding user needs, and the findings can help tailor SAR interventions for specific user groups.

CONCLUSIONS

This study extends our understanding of the factors associated with the long-term use of SARs for geriatric care and makes methodological contributions.
Public Perceptions of the Food and Drug Administration's Regulatory Authority Over Synthetic Nicotine on Twitter: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zou Jonathan , Feliciano Juan Ramon , Xie Zidian , Li Dongmei
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The Omnibus Budget Bill, known as H. R. 2471, passed through Congress on March 10, 2022, and was eventually signed by President Biden on March 15, 2022. This bill amended the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act granting the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority over synthetic nicotine.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the public perceptions of the Omnibus Bill that regulates synthetic nicotine products as tobacco products on Twitter (rebranded as X).

METHODS

Through the X streaming application programming interface, we collected and identified 964 tweets related to the Omnibus Bill on synthetic nicotine between March 8, 2022, and April 13, 2022. The longitudinal trend was used to examine the discussions related to the bill over time. An inductive method was used for the content analysis of related tweets. By hand-coding 200 randomly selected tweets by 2 human coders respectively with high interrater reliability, the codebook was developed for relevance, major topics, and attitude to the bill, which was used to single-code the rest of the tweets.

RESULTS

Between March 8, 2022, and April 13, 2022, we identified 964 tweets related to the Omnibus Bill regulating synthetic nicotine. Our longitudinal trend analysis showed a spike in the number of tweets related to the bill during the immediate period following the bill’s introduction, with roughly half of the tweets identified being posted between March 8 and 11, 2022. A majority of the tweets (497/964, 51.56%) had a negative sentiment toward the bill, while a much smaller percentage of tweets (164/964, 17.01%) had a positive sentiment toward the bill. Around 31.43% (303/964) of all tweets were categorized as objective news or questions about the bill. The most popular topic for opposing the bill was users believing that this bill would lead users back to smoking (145/497, 29.18%), followed by negative implications for small vape businesses (122/497, 24.55%) and government or FDA mistrust (94/497, 18.91%). The most popular topic for supporting the bill was that this bill would take a dangerous tobacco product targeted at teens off the market (94/164, 57.32%).

CONCLUSIONS

We observed a more negative sentiment toward the bill on X, largely due to users believing it would lead users back to smoking and negatively impact small vape businesses. This study provides insight into public perceptions and discussions of this bill on X and adds valuable information for future regulations on alternative nicotine products.

CLINICALTRIAL
Association Between Household Livestock Ownership And Stunting in Under-Five Children in Central Rural India – Study Protocol for a Case-Control Study. (Preprint)
Authors: Tawde Pratik , Quazi Zahiruddin , Gaidhane Abhay , Choudhari Sonali
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

In resource-constrained environments where malnutrition in children is common, people coexist closely with livestock. Undernutrition, which can result in stunting, wasting, and being underweight, is still a major public health issue for children in India. Livestock serves as a direct source of protein through animal-source foods (ASF), like meat, milk, and eggs, significantly reducing undernutrition in under-five children. The association between livestock ownership and stunting in children is not well explored in Maharashtra, India.

OBJECTIVE

The current study sought to evaluate the relationship between stunting among under-five children in Central India and livestock ownership using the Tropical Livestock Unit (TLU) score.

METHODS

A community-based, case-control study will be conducted for 12 months among a minimum of 614 children aged 6-59 months in a few rural blocks of Wardha district, Maharashtra. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire will be used to collect data from the informant (either parent). Anthropometric measurements will be plotted on World Health Organization (WHO) standard growth charts for Z scores for stunting and wasting, respectively. A Tropical Livestock Unit (TLU) will be used to represent the livestock count of all species. The categorical variables (stunted and non-stunted) will be analyzed using the 'Fisher exact' test to find significant associations between different risk factors. All confounding variables will be analyzed using multivariate analysis. Associated risks will be identified and tabulated using odds ratio (OR) with confidence intervals.

RESULTS

This study protocol will provide a comprehensive understanding of the associations of livestock ownership with childhood stunting and wasting among children aged 6-59 months in central rural India.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will explain the association between stunting, wasting, and livestock ownership, respectively. This study will also provide the prevalence of current stunting, wasting, and underweight rates. The results will be instrumental in building new public health policies, integrated programs, and nutritional interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

The study received approval on 31/01/2024 from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research with the reference number (DMIHER(DU)/IEC/2024/137) to ensure adherence to ethical guidelines, respect participant rights, meet established standards, and has been registered with the Clinical Trials Registry - India under registration number (CTRI/2024/05/066865).
Perkembangan Pusat Perkotaan di Daerah: Analisa Kegiatan Wilayah Kabupaten Klaten Menggunakan Citra Landsat
Authors: Deviana Adinda , Giyarsih Sri Rum , Hizbaron Dyah Rahmawati
Published: September 2024

Kabupaten Klaten mengalami perkembangan pesat dari tahun ke tahun karena adanya perkembangan aspek fisik, politik, ekonomi, sosial dan budaya.  Untuk melihat perkembangan kota dari segi fisik maka harus diamati dari kenampakan fisik dari sistem jalan, blok bangunan permukiman serta blok bangunan bukan wilayah permukiman. Bentuk morfologi kota berbeda pada setiap bagiannya sesuai dengan sejarah pembentukan wilayah dapat dikaji dengan Citra Landsat 8. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui arah perkembangan wilayah kawasan perkotaan Kabupaten Klaten melalui pengamatan dengan Citra Landsat-8. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode deskriptif dalam penelitian ini untuk mengkaji interaksi wilayah menggunakan metode perhitungan teori gravitasi. Pola morfologi kota ditinjau dari perubahan morfologi kota tahun 2013 dan 2021 dengan meninjau pola plot bangunan, pola jaringan jalan dan sistem bangunan dengan citra Landsat 8. Pusat interaksi wilayah dibuat permodelan spasial 3 dimensi untuk memperlihatkan data visual sesuai kondisi lapangan. Zonasi dan Interaksi spasial dikaji berdasarkan analisis geometrik berdasarkan zonasi arah mata angin. Kawasan Perkotaan Klaten Bentuk morfologi kawasan perkotaan Kabupaten Klaten tahun 2013 dan 2021 adalah gurita (octopus city). Pusat morfologi kota berada di Kecamatan Klaten Tengah, Klaten Utara dan Klaten Selatan. Tentakel atau kaki gurita berada pada kawasan pinggiran kota dengan konsentrasi sebagai lokasi industri berada di Kecamatan Ngawen, Kalikotes dan Kebonarum.  Pola jalan kawasan perkotaan pada Pusat Kegiatan Wilayah 1 adalah campuran dari pola grid, spinal dan radial. Struktur morfologi bersifat konsentris dengan kepadatan lahan terbangun yang tinggi memiliki sifat linier dengan arah jalan. Perkembangan kota tersebar ke segala arah. Pusat Interaksi wilayah berada di Kecamatan Klaten Utara dan Klaten Tengah. Morfologi kota berpengaruh terhadap pembangunan kawasan sekitarnya.
Toward Digital Election in Indonesia: Cost Effectiveness Analysis of IVORI (Internet-Voting Republik Indonesia) as an e-Voting System
Authors: Purwanti Desi Ayu , Koerniadi Teddy
Published: September 2024

The election in 2019 was held simultaneously, where people directly elected the DPR, DPD, Provincial/ Regency/City DPRD, President and Vice President on April 17, 2019. All the changes in the implementation of elections in Indonesia since 1999, all of them are still carried out using paper. The history of the simultaneous elections in Indonesia in 2019, which were quite expensive, is a consideration for a more sustainable election process. Since the beginning of this century, internet voting has become the most straightforward and prevalent electoral reform adopted by many countries, with the goal of lowering voting expenses by enhancing convenience. This study aims to compare the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) of conventional elections using paper ballots with digital-based elections using internet voting (I-voting) and we also developed a prototype of a digital election system called IVORI (I-Voting Republik Indonesia). The results show that elections using the I-voting system are proven to be 71% more cost-effective than conventional systems. IVORI is an internet-based digital election web application that offers two features, namely “VOTING” which will only be active on election day for voters who are eligible to vote and have been previously registered so that they can log in to the application using their ID number and voting station code and the “INFORMASI KANDIDAT” feature which can be accessed by voters during the candidate’s campaign period which contains information about the background and work program plans of each candidate.
OLD WINE IN A NEW WINESKIN: ACHEBE’S OKONWO A CHARACTER ARCHETYPE OF ADICHIE’S EUGENE ACHIKE
Authors: PhD ONYEKA IKE,
Published: September 2024

The investigation and establishment of character types in literary texts is a cardinal thrust of archetypal criticism as a critical tool. Achebe’s Okonkwo in Things Fall Apart (1958) and Adichie’s Eugene otherwise referred to as Papa in Purple Hibiscus (2003) are character types in two canonical African fictions not only because both are male protagonists but also due to a number of other remarkable characterizations which they share in common. In fact, Eugene can he said to be a modern Okonkwo in various ways. Utilizing the vital tools and tenets of archetypal criticism, a critical juxtaposition of the two major characters in the two novels unveils that both characters are caring but cruel, and indeed unleashed multidimensional phallocentric violence in monumental proportions to their immediate family members, particularly to their women. Both characters are unsympathetic to their wives and possess similar volcanic temperaments. Also, both men have “no patience” with their biological fathers and maintain frosty relationships with them on account of certain grievances and grudges borne in their hearts against them over a protracted period of time. Indeed, both men can be said to be ashamed of their own fathers. But their disgusts for their fathers transform them into men of actions rather than of words and leisure, even as both characters become diligent creators and managers of wealth by their personal determination, courage and hardworking attitude as opposed to the indigent backgrounds they germinated from. Unfortunately, both characters encounter tragic ends in their seemingly unguarded pursuit for preservation and perfection.
The Art of Insults: A Linguistic Analysis of Trump’s Verbal Attacks During Campaigns
Authors: Sidig Dr. Lina Fathi
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the linguistic features and strategies used by Donald Trump in his verbal attacks during his presidential campaign. The study aims to investigate the quotes, either directly or indirectly. The objective is to determine the persuasive level of verbal abuse as a rhetorical device in contemporary political discourse. A comprehensive linguistic analysis of his speeches during his campaign trail is used to examine the effect of verbal attacks on the delivery of his campaign speech in the presidential campaign and how this kind of political action affects the field of politics or politicians, which remains the main area of interest.
La configuración del paisaje yucateco en la proclama separatista a través de periódicos literarios (1841-1849)
Authors: Loza Álvarez Aura
Published: September 2024

El artículo analiza la configuración estética del paisaje yucateco en los periódicos El Museo Yucateco y El Registro Yucateco que, a pesar de ser literarios, impulsan el proyecto separatista de Yucatán en la primera mitad del siglo XIX para erigirse como una Nación independiente.
Estrategias de síntesis verde para obtener nanopartículas inorgánicas de utilidad biomédica
Authors: Zurita-Mápula Jesús Antonio , Bernal-Chávez Sergio Alberto
Published: September 2024

La síntesis verde de nanopartículas inorgánicas aplicada al área biomédica es un campo de investigación en constante evolución que busca obtener nanopartículas de forma sostenible y respetuosa con el medio ambiente, utilizando métodos que minimizan el uso de sustancias tóxicas y la generación de residuos peligrosos. Esta premisa se basa en el uso de agentes biológicos, como extractos de plantas o microorganismos, que actúan como agentes reductores y estabilizadores en el proceso de síntesis; por lo que las nanopartículas inorgánicas tienen aplicaciones prometedoras en el campo biomédico debido a sus propiedades fisicoquímicas únicas. Por ejemplo, se utilizan en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades, en la entrega controlada de fármacos, en la imagenología médica y en la terapia fototérmica. Son un tipo de nanosistemas más estables y biocompatibles, que promueven la utilización de recursos naturales renovables y fomentan la investigación interdisciplinaria entre la química, la biología y la medicina. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar los avances más recientes en la síntesis verde de nanopartículas inorgánicas y su aplicación biomédica, con énfasis en su potencial para revolucionar el campo de la nanomedicina.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation among Higher Secondary School Students in Selected Schools, Aizawl, Mizoram
Authors: Lalrinsangi Ms. Baby
Published: September 2024

Background: Cardio pulmonary resuscitation is a process of oxygenating heart, lung through external cardiac massage and artificial respiration until the definite medical treatment can restore the normal functioning of heart, lung and brain. Cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique that is useful in many emergencies in which someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation among higher secondary school students. Methods: The research design used in the study was one group pre-test post-test design, in which stratified random sampling technique was used to select 100 students of Govt. Chaltlang Higher Secondary School. Self-Structured Knowledge Questionnaires was used to collect the Data. Post test was conducted after 7 days using the same self-structured knowledge questionnaires used for the pre- test. Results: The mean difference between the pre - test and post- test knowledge score was found to be 12.29 with t-value=-24.82, & p value =0.05 which indicates that indicates that Structured Teaching Programme regarding cardio pulmonary resuscitation was effective. Thus, the research Hypothesis H 1 is accepted. Conclusion: The overall findings of the study suggested that Structured Teaching Programme on Cardio pulmonary resuscitation was significantly effective in improving the knowledge of students regarding Cardio pulmonary resuscitation technique.
Пожарная опасность накопления пыли в электроустановках. Часть 1
Authors: Харламенков А. С.
Published: September 2024

Представлены статистические данные о пожарах от электрооборудования. Рассмотрены действующие требования нормативных документов по проведению очистки и способам защиты электроустановок от негативного воздействия пыли и других загрязнений. Даны разъяснения о периодичности проведения технического обслуживания электрооборудования по российским и зарубежным нормам. Показана возможность применения более гибких организационно-технических решений по составлению графиков планово-предупредительного ремонта. Отмечена важность проведения регулярных проверок и технического обслуживания электрооборудования для повышения эффективности функционирования системы предотвращения пожаров.
Effects of Presence and Learning Flow on Learning Outcomes in University Distance Education Using the Gathertown platform
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Su-Kyoung , Choi sui
Published: September 2024

Objectives The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of presence and learning flow on learning outcomes in university distance education using metabus and to examine its educational effects.
Methods The subjects of this study are 124 students who answered all of the remote-centered and blended learning students established at J University. An analysis was conducted using SPSS 28.0 and simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to verify the research hypothesis. And to verify the mediating effect, it was analyzed according to the three-step procedure of Baron & Kenny.
Results The results of the survey are First, cognitive, social presence and learning flow had a significant impact on learning outcomes. Second, the teaching presence did not have a significant impact on learning flow and learning outcomes. Third, learning flow has been shown to have a significant impact on learning outcomes. Fourth, it has been verified that immersion in learning has a complete mediating effect in relation to cognitive, social presense, and learning outcomes, and that the teaching presence has no mediating effect.
Conclusions Through this study, confirmed evidence that in university distance education using the Gathertown platform can improve students learning outcomes. In addition, raised the need to find ways to improve the teaching presence in the Gathertown environment, and discussed ways to activate distance education using the Gedatown platform.
Mediating Effect of Grit in the Influence of Growth Mindset on Self-efficacy: On University Students Majoring in Dance in Hainan Province of China
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Chen Jing Ya , Zeng Bin , Ko Young Chun
Published: September 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to reveal the structural relationship among growth mindset, self-efficacy, and grit to increase self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance, and to verify the mediating effect of grit in the effect of growth mindset on self-efficacy.
Methods The subjects of this study are 239 university students majoring in dance at Q Normal University in Hainan of China, and reliability, average differences, correlations, and regression analysis are conducted using the SPSS 25.0 program. And to find out the mediating effect of grit between the growth mindset and self-efficacy, simple regression analysis of grit according to the growth mindset is performed, simple regression analysis of self-efficacy according to the growth mindset, and multiple regression analysis of self-efficacy according to the growth mindset and grit is performed.
Results There is a positive(+) correlation between the growth mindset, grit, and self-efficacy. The effect of intelligence change beliefs and personality change beliefs, which are sub-variables of the growth mindset, on self-efficacy explains 58% of the total variance of self-efficacy. As a result of analyzing the effect of grit on self-efficacy, grit explains 50% of the total variance of self-efficacy. Predictors of 'sub-variables of the growth mindset' and grit explain 68% of the total variance of self-efficacy. The effect of intelligence change beliefs and personality change beliefs, which are sub-variables of the growth mindset, on grit is analyzed, and the growth mindset explains 36% of the total variance of grit. There is a partial mediating effect by grit in influence of growth mindset on self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance.
Conclusions In this study, it is confirmed that the growth mindset and grit is a causal variable that increases self-efficacy, and the grit partially mediates the positive effect of the growth mindset on self-efficacy. Therefore, in order to cultivate the self-efficacy of university students, it is necessary to promote the growth mindset and grit. On the other hand, each variable of social support and self-expression will affect the self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance. And so, it will be necessary to conduct a study on the self-efficacy of university students majoring in dance according to the variables of social support and self-expression in future studies.