bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of complex jugular paragangliomas: surgical resection and outcomes
Authors: Chen Guoping , Wu Qianru , Dai Chunfu
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To review surgical outcomes in patients with complex jugular
paragangliomas（CJPs）and to refine the surgical strategies for CJPs.
Design: A retrospective study . Setting: A single university hospital.
Participants: Twelve patients with CJPs diagnosed in our institution
from January 2013 to January 2021. Main Outcome Measures: Individualized
surgical strategies, tumor control, complications, function of facial
nerve (FN) and lower cranial nerves (LCNs), postoperatively. Results:
Gross-total resection was achieved for 9 (75%) patients, and subtotal
resection was achieved for 3(25%) patients. The surgical tumor control
rate was 100% after a mean follow-up of 37.5 months. New FN dysfunction
occurred in 33.3% (4/12) of patients, including 3 patients restored to
HB grade II postoperatively, and new LCNs deficits occurred in 16.7%
(2/12) patients. One patient suffered from mild hemiparesis as a result
of postoperative lacunar cerebral infarction resolved two months later.
No other obvious complications noted in our series. Conclusion: Our
unique refined surgical techniques, including tension-free anterior FN
rerouting, sigmoid sinus tunnel-packing and push-packing techniques,
were able to achieve maximum tumor control and cranial nerves
preservation. A two-stage surgery should be applied to minimize the risk
of bilateral cranial neuropathies and impact on cerebral circulation in
patients with bilateral paragangliomas. The preoperative endovascular
intervention such as coil embolization or internal carotid artery (ICA)
stenting can be employed in management paragangliomas with ICA
associated lesions.
Dihydrogen attachment and dissociation reactions in Fe(H)2(H2)(PEtPh2)3 : a DFT potential-energy scan
Authors: Gomzi Vjeran
Published: January 2024

A special class of hydrogen-binding metal complexes are complexes able
to bind hydrogen molecules at one or more of their ligand positions. One
of such complexes, Fe(H)2(H2)(PEtPh2)3, was characterized experimentally
and theoretically in previous works. Its specific properties were
related to the asymmetry of the non-hydrogen ligands. Following this
reasoning, attachment and dissociation of hydrogen molecule to and from
the 5-coordinated and 6-coordinated complex were investigated
theoretically. Relaxed and partially constrained potential-energy scans
were performed and transition-states for these processes were
investigated. Non-hydrogen ligand asymmetry seems to reflect on the
different barrier energies for approach to and dissociation from the two
dihydrogen ligand positions. Steric and environment effects are
estimated comparing behavior for partially constrained and gas-phase
models. On the basis of these findings, theoretically predicted pathways
for single-step dihydrogen binding and dissociation processes are
established, and means for experimental verification proposed.
Changes in oral corticosteroid use in asthma treatment -- a 20-year nationwide drug utilization study
Authors: Skov Inge , Henriksen Daniel , Madsen Hanne , Pottegaard Anton , Davidsen Jesper
Published: January 2024

Background: Oral corticosteroid use in asthma management can lead to
serious adverse effects, but knowledge on usage trends are limited. We
aimed to investigate this in a nationwide asthma cohort in Denmark from
1999-2018. Methods: By use of Danish nationwide registers, we identified
all young adults (18-45 years) with two or more asthma drug collections
within 12 months since the age of 15 as indicative of active asthma.
Oral corticosteroid use was stratified by exposure level as high use (≥5
mg prednisolone/day) and low use (<5 mg/day) per year, age
groups and gender. Lorenz curves were used to express the skewness of
consumption among users. Results: We identified 318,950 unique
individuals with active asthma during the study period with a median age
of 29 years (interquartile range [IQR] 20-38 years) whereof 57%
were women. The 1-year prevalence of oral corticosteroid users was
stable at 4.8% (median, IQR 4.7%-4.8%), but with a nearly 40%
decrease in high-users from 0.54% in 1999 to 0.33% in 2018. The median
annual dose decreased from 500 mg/y in 1999 to 250 mg/y in 2018. We
found a substantial skewness in the distribution of oral corticosteroid
usage with 10% of users accounting for almost 50% of all oral
corticosteroid use. Conclusions: Although the prevalence of oral
corticosteroid users among young adults with active asthma in Denmark
has been relatively stable from 1999-2018, we observed a decreasing
trend in the prevalence of high-users and annual consumption.
Transient severe neutropenia in a pediatric patient associated with acute COVID-19 infection
Authors: Schatzman Austin , Vandenheuvel Julia , Villalobos Tibisay , Rooney Kris
Published: January 2024

Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is primarily
known for its significant and potentially fatal pulmonary
manifestations, case reports and literature review have linked the
infection to multiple organ systems, including hematological
manifestations. Scattered among these reports are cases of lymphopenia
and neutropenia as well as evidence of children presenting in
hypercoagulable states related to COVID-19. We present a case describing
a pediatric patient who presented with leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and
severe neutropenia: a unique combination based on the current
literature.
Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 VOC 202012/01 (UK variant) and D614G variant transmission by different routes in Syrian hamsters
Authors: Mohandas Sreelekshmy , Yadav Pragya , Nyayanit Dimpal , Shete Anita , Sarkale Prasad , Hundekar Supriya , Kumar Sanjay , Lole Kavita
Published: January 2024

Many SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern has been reported recently which
were linked to increased transmission. In our earlier study on virus
shedding using VOC 202012/01(UK variant) and D614G variant in hamster
model, we observed significantly higher viral RNA shedding through nasal
wash in case of UK variant. Here, we have compared the transmission of
both the UK and D614G variant by various routes in Syrian hamsters to
understand the transmission efficiency of the variant. The study
demonstrated comparable transmission efficiency of both UK and D614G
variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters.
Deep Attention Network for Looking for Ligand-Protein Binding Sites Prediction
Authors: Nazem Fatemeh , Rasti Reza , Fassihi Afshin , Mehridehnavi Alireza , Ghasemi Fahimeh
Published: January 2024

One of the critical aspects of structure-based drug design is to choose
important druggable binding sites in the protein’s crystallography
structures. As experimental processes are costly and time-consuming,
computational drug design using machine learning algorithms is
recommended. Over recent years, deep learning methods have been utilized
in a wide variety of research applications such as binding site
prediction. In this study, a new combination of attention blocks in the
3D U-Net model based on semantic segmentation methods is used to improve
localization of pocket prediction. The attention blocks are tuned to
find which point and channel of features should be emphasized along
spatial and channel axes. Our model’s performance is evaluated through
extensive experiments on several datasets from different sources, and
the results are compared to the most recent deep learning-based models.
The results indicate the proposed attention model can predict binding
sites accurately, i.e. the overlap of the predicted pocket using the
proposed method with the true binding site shows statistically
significant improvement when compared to other state-of-the-art models.
The attention blocks may help the model focus on the target structure by
suppressing features in irrelevant regions.
Mathematical analysis of a fractional-order predator-prey network with feedback control strategy
Authors: Zhang Wei , Fei Yu , Li Zhouhong , Huang Chengdai
Published: January 2024

To procure the desirable dynamical performance, some control strategies
have currently burgeoned into essential study activities in
fractional-order intricate systems with delays. This paper examines the
bifurcation control problem of a delayed fractional-order predator-prey
model in accordance with an enhancing feedback controller. Initially,
the bifurcation points of devised model are precisely figured out via
theoretic derivation by taking time delay as a bifurcation parameter.
Then, a range of comparative analysis on the influence of bifurcation
control are numerically discussed including enhancing feedback,
dislocated feedback and eliminating feedback approaches. It witnesses
that the stability performance of the proposed model can be immensely
heightened by the enhancing feedback approach. The feasibility of the
devised scheme are nicely verified by means of numerical simulations.
Our results provide important theoretical guidance for the application
of enhancing feedback control scheme in engineering.
Correlation of Anthropometric Index and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Parameters in Patients with Pectus Excavatum
Authors: Oleksak Filip , Spakova Barbora , Kralova Terezia , Igaz Matus , Molnar Marian , Gura Matej , Durdik Peter , Durdikova Anna
Published: January 2024

Introduction : Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a method used
to diagnose and stratify patients with known disease. The use of
breath-by-breath analysis of exhaled air in a stress test helps us to
understand the root cause and pathophysiology of pathological patterns
causing clinical symptomatology. Aim : Using CPET to elucidate the role
of chest deformity on human physical abilities, to determine the
correlation of the measured parameters with the anthropometric index
(AI) evaluating the severity of the deformity in patients with pectus
excavatum (PE). Methods : The study included 30 paediatric patients with
PE. According to AI, patients were divided into two groups, to patients
with AI below 0.12 and patients with AI 0.12 and more. Patients
underwent CPET using a breath-by-breath exhaled gas analysis method and
continuous monitoring of cardiac parameters. Ventilation and cardiac
parameters were statistically processed, the severity of the deformity
was correlated with the results using the Pearson index. Results : The
severity of the deformity according to AI had no effect on peak
ventilation, VO2peak and WRpeak. By graphical representation and
prognosis of the data, we demonstrated the relationship between the
severity of the deformity and the efficiency of ventilation, OUES and
O2Pulse at the peak of the exercise. Ventilation efficiency expressed as
the slope of the VE/VCO2 curve also had a graphically dependent trend
without statistical significance. Conclusion : CPET data obtained
suggest that physical fitness parameters in patients with PE have a
correlation with the severity of the deformity expressed by AI. The OUES
parameter is a promising parameter for assessing the overall physical
fitness of these patients and a parameter with potential use in deciding
on the appropriateness of a therapeutic intervention. Key words :
cardiopulmonary exercise testing, pectus excavatum, exercise tolerance
C5aR1 mediates progression of inflammatory responses in brain of rats after ischemia and reperfusion
Authors: Shi Yunwei , Jin Ying , Li Xing , Chen Chen , Zhang Zhi Hong , Liu Xiao Yu , Deng Yi Jun , Fan Xing Juan , Wang Cai Ping
Published: January 2024

C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) can induce strong inflammatory response to
injury. Targeting C5aR1 has emerged as a novel anti-inflammatory
therapeutic method. However, the role of C5aR1 in cerebral ischemia and
reperfusion (I/R) injury and the definitive mechanism have not been
elucidated clearly. Here we determine whether C5aR1 signaling is
essential to the development of post-ischemic inflammation and brain
injury and whether it is a valid target for therapeutic blockade with
soluble receptor antagonist PMX53. In an in vitro model (oxygen and
glucose deprivation and reperfusion, OGD/R) and in vivo model (middle
cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion, MCAO/R) of I/R, neuronal
cells of rats showed significantly up-regulated gene expression of
C5aR1, and notable inflammatory response demonstrated with elevated
tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6.
Inhibition of C5aR1 by PMX53 treatment significantly reduced cell injury
and inflammation, and promoted brain function recovery. The further
mechanism studies showed that inhibiting C5aR1 by PMX53 protected rats
from MCAO/R injury, decreased cell inflammation and apoptosis via
inhibiting TLR4 and NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing the production
of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in MCAO/R rats. In addition, manipulation of
the C5aR1 gene expression in vitro displayed that the inflammatory
cascades signals including TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were coincidently
regulated with the regulation of C5aR1 expression levels. Thus, our
results demonstrated a pathogenic role for C5aR1 in the progression of
brain injury and inflammation response following I/R injury. Our study
clearly demonstrated that C5aR1 inhibition might be an effective
treatment strategy for ischemic stroke.
The Ecological Internet of Things: Transitioning to a Data-Driven Mode of Ecological Discovery?
Authors: Savage David , Pijanowski Bryan
Published: January 2024

We argue here that the increased prevalence and use of sensors in
ecology, and the increased availability of networking, has allowed for
the development of a new research paradigm, called the Ecological
Internet of Things. This new paradigm combines global scale sensor
networks collecting a wide array of data types that will enable
researchers to address important, pressing ecological questions. This
paper presents an overview of this new research paradigm and discusses
the challenges that ecologists and conservationists must overcome to
realize the full potential of this set of tools and techniques. To
facilitate discussion and collaboration, we present a simple ontology
for ecological sensors that allows for a common terminology and
conceptual vocabulary among researchers with a variety of backgrounds.
Lastly, we discuss the necessary next steps that allow for the
realization of an Ecological Internet of Things.
Numerical Solution of Gyrotactic microorganism Flow of Nanofluid over a Riga Plate with the Characteristic of Chemical Reaction and Convective Condition
Authors: Nazeer Mubbashar , Saleem Adila
Published: January 2024

Background Bioconvection is a familiar phenomenon of fluid mechanics
which explains the hydrodynamic unsteadiness and suspensions of upward
swimming microorganisms. Hydrodynamic unsteadiness is due to coupling in
physical properties such as fluid flows and density of microorganisms.
Gyrotactic unsteadiness occurs when microorganisms are more dense than
fluid. Microorganisms are very small creatures and cannot be perceived
with the naked eye. Aim and Scope The main purpose of this research is
to highlight the concept of the Nanofluid flow over the surface of Riga
by the influence of microbes and to solve this scheme numerically by
applying the convection conditions. One of the main aims is to study the
useful effects of swirling microorganisms passing through the
microfluidic on the surface of Riga, by adopting the Powell-Eyring
model. Riga plates are used to complete turbulent impact and avoid
boundary layer separation. Methodology The swirling microorganisms and
Riga plates are used to mathematically process the flow of nanofluids
under the influence of chemical reactions and convection conditions.
Nanofluids are usually made of nanoparticles, such as metal carbide Sic,
oxide ceramic Al_2 O_3, nitride-ALN and metal graphite. The shooting
method is used to solve the obtained differential equations. Results For
different values of Powell-Eyring parameter and modified Hartmann
number, the wall shear stress shows both an increase and a decrease. It
is observed that the spectrum of moving microorganisms shows the
decreasing behavior gainst Peclet number and the biological convection
Lewis number parameters.
How Can We Adopt the Glucose Tolerance Test to Facilitate Predicting Pregnancy Outcome in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?
Authors: Kim Kyeong Jin , Kim Nam Hoon , Choi Jimi , Kim Sin Gon , Lee Kyung Ju
Published: January 2024

Objective: To investigate how 100-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
results can be used to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant
women. Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting and sample: Single-center
with 1,059 pregnant women Main outcome measures: A composite of adverse
pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth, macrosomia, large for
gestational age, low “appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and
respiration” score at 1 min, and pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Methods: We compared the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes according to
OGTT patterns by latent profile analysis (LPA), numbers to meet the OGTT
criteria, and area under the curve (AUC) of the OGTT graph. Results:
Overall, 257 participants were diagnosed with GDM, with a median age of
34 years. An LPA led to three different clusters of OGTT patterns,
however, there were no significant associations between the clusters and
adverse pregnancy outcomes after adjusting for confounders.
Notwithstanding, the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome increased with an
increase in number to meet the OGTT criteria (p for trend = 0.011); odds
ratios in a full adjustment model were 1.27 (0.72–2.23), 2.16
(1.21–3.85), and 2.32 (0.66–8.15) in those meeting the 2, 3, and 4
criteria, respectively. The AUCs of the OGTT curves also distinguished
the patients at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes; the larger the AUC,
the higher the risk (p for trend = 0.007). Conclusions: The total number
of abnormal values and calculated AUCs for the 100-g OGTT may facilitate
precise management of patients with GDM by predicting adverse pregnancy
outcomes.
Prospective study of fertility-sparing treatment with Chlormadinone acetate for endometrial carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia in young women
Authors: OUASTI SAMIA , Gonthier Camille , Bucau Margot , Larouzee elise , Phelipeau Juliette , Givry Sébastien Clement de , Chabbert-Buffet Nathalie , KOSKAS Martin
Published: January 2024

Objective In women with endometrial hyperplasia or stage 1A
cancer, fertility-sparing treatment using progestin therapy is known to
be safe and effective. International recommendations advise the use of
megestrol acetate or medroxyprogesterone acetate. However, chlormadinone
acetate has fewer adverse effects and can be used in patients at high
vascular risk. In the present prospective study, we aimed to confirm
that the efficiency of 6 months chlormadinone acetate administration to
obtain remission of atypical hyperplasia or stage 1A endometrial
carcinoma is comparable to that of the use of other fertility-sparing
treatments. Design A prospective, observational study.
Setting Nationwide France PREFERE prospective registry.
Population Women with endometrial hyperplasia or stage 1A
cancer willing to preserve their fertility Methods All patients
received three or six months of chlormadinone acetate and were evaluated
by hysteroscopic resection and pipelle sampling every three months.
Main outcome measure Complete remission rate. Results
Ninety-four patients were included. Seventy-nine patients achieved
complete remission at 6 months (84%). No patients stopped treatment due
to a lack of tolerance. Twenty-four percent of the patients achieved a
live birth during a twenty-eight months follow up. Conclusion
Chlormadinone acetate is an effective and well-tolerated
fertility-sparing treatment. Its benefits over other progestins is its
tolerability, and its absence of contraindications which makes
chlormadinone acetate a good choice for patients with thromboembolism
and high vascular risk.
The Key Mechanism of Radix Isatidis in the therapy of coronavirus disease 2019 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Yu Zi·Yuan , Hu Shengchen , Chen Bo-Yuan , Liao Dong-Mei , Zhou Zheng-Yi , Guo Xu-Guang
Published: January 2024

Background Using network pharmacology，systematicly reveals the
Mechanisms of Radix Isatidis in the therapy of coronavirus disease 2019
（COVID-2019）. Methods The active components and targets of Radix
Isatidis were obtained by searching the Batman, TCMSP, and
SwissTargetPrediction databases, and COVID-19 related targets were
searched through Genecards, Drugbank, and Malacards database. After
that, we used String database to establish protein-protein interaction,
using David database to conduct enrichment analysis of gene ontology and
pathway enrichment analysis based on the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and
genomes. The molecular docking was performed using ChemOffice, PyMOL,
and Auto Dock software. Result A total of 73 active ingredients and 1584
related gene targets of Radix Isatidis were screened from kinds of
databases while 559 gene targets of COVID-19 were picked out. Among
them, there are 70 of the same targets. According to the GO enrichment
analysis(P≤0.01), 35 of them belong to biological process, 13 of them
belong to cell component, and 14 of them belong to molecular function.
And for KEGG analysis, 22 pathways were obtained(P≤0.01), including PI3K
− Akt signaling pathway andHIF − 1 signaling pathway. Conclusions Radix
Isatidis may act on the PI3K − Akt signaling pathway and HIF−1 signaling
pathway Through direct or indirect regulation of the above goals and
ways to play role in the therapy of COVID-19
A probabilistic approach for exact solutions of determinist PDE's as well as their finite element approximations
Authors: Chaskalovic Joel
Published: January 2024

A probabilistic approach is developed for the exact solution u to a
determinist partial differential equation as well as for its associated
approximation u performed by
P Lagrange finite element. Two limitations motivated
our approach: on the one hand, the inability to determine the exact
solution u to a given partial differential equation (which initially
motivates one to approximating it) and, on the other hand, the existence
of uncertainties associated with the numerical approximation
u. We thus fill this knowledge gap
by considering the exact solution u together with its corresponding
approximation u as random
variables. By way of consequence, any function where u and
u are involved as well. In this
paper, we focus our analysis to a variational formulation defined on
W Sobolev spaces and the corresponding a
priori estimates of the exact solution u and its approximation
u to consider their respective
W-norm as a random variable, as well as the
W approximation error with regards to
P finite elements. This will enable us to derive a new
probability distribution to evaluate the relative accuracy between two
Lagrange finite elements P and P,
(k < k).
One-stage hybrid surgery for complex aortic disease
Authors: yi zuo , zhou Zhengchun , xuan haiyang , Ge Jian-jun
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study was to retrospectively analyze short- and
medium-term efficacy of one-stage hybrid surgery in treating complex
aortic disease. Methods: From February 2017 to March 2021, Retrospective
analysis of 473 Cases of patients with aortic disease treated by
endovascular surgery, of which 24 were complicated aortic diseases
(defined as not being treated by Endovascular surgery alone), all of
which were performed one-stop hybrid surgery in Anhui Provincial
Hospital. Their clinical records and follow-up data were reviewed.
Results:11 cases underwent debranching technique and thoracic
endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR), 4 cases underwent cardiac surgery
combined with debranching technique plus TEVAR, 3 cases underwent
cardiac surgery and TEVAR, 6 cases underwent left common carotid
artery-left subclavian artery bypass and TEVAR. The incidences of
pulmonary infection, pleural effusion, transient renal impairment,
incision infection and cerebrovascular complications were 29.1%,
33.3%, 25%, 0 and 4.1%, respectively.One patient died of sudden
cardiac arrest, a severe neurological deficit following cardiopulmonary
resuscitation in the postoperative intensive care unit. The patients
were followed up for 2 to 52 months,During follow-up, One patient
suffered from sudden death with unknown cause at 25 months after surgery
and the rest survived. Thrombosis was seen by CT in the false lumen of
the thoracic stent segment in (22/24) patients; type Ⅰb endoleak
occurred in (1/24) patient. Conclusions: One-stage aortic hybrid surgery
suggests acceptable short- to medium-term efficacy in the treatment of
complex aortic disease; it can avoid the damage caused by deep
hypothermic circulatory arrest in traditional operations and promote the
recovery of patients.
Retrospective study of poxviruses diagnosed in cattle from Goiás State, Brazil (2010-2018)
Authors: Silva Lorena , Leal Antônio , Cunha Paulo , Cargnelutti Juliana , Flores Eduardo Furtado , Sant'Ana Fabiano
Published: January 2024

A retrospective study of poxvirus infections diagnosed in cattle from
Goiás state (GO), Brazil, between 2010 and 2018, was performed. All
cases have been investigated by the GO Official Veterinary Service
(Agrodefesa), from which technical forms and protocols of veterinary
diagnosis laboratories were reviewed. In most cases, samples of oral or
cutaneous tissues and/or swabs were submitted for virological diagnosis
by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or virus isolation. Thirty seven
outbreaks/cases of vesicular disease were notified in cattle of 25
counties; in 33 cases the animals presented lesions clinically
compatible with poxviruses. The etiology of 25 out of 33 outbreaks/cases
was confirmed as poxviruses by PCR and/or viral isolation: 13 as bovine
vaccinia virus (VACV), 6 as pseudocowpox virus (PCPV), 5 as bovine
papular stomatitis virus (BPSV) and 1 coinfection (VACV and an Orf
virus-like parapoxvirus). The laboratory confirmed cases occurred mainly
in dairy cattle (19/25) and during the dry season (22/25). In adult
cattle, gross changes were observed mainly in the teats and udder and
included vesicles, ulcers, crusts, papules and scars and varied of type,
severity and affected region, depending on the poxvirus species. In
calves, the main lesions were ulcers in the mouth and muzzle. Human
lesions compatible with poxvirus infections were observed for all
diagnosed poxviruses, affecting especially the hands of milkers and
other farm workers. Our data demonstrate the sanitary and economic
relevance of these diseases and the wide circulation of different
poxviruses in cattle from GO.
Diversity of medium and large-sized mammals across habitats and seasons in the Faragosa-Fura landscape, Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebo Berhanu , Takele Serekebirhan , Shibru Simon
Published: January 2024

The survey was conducted from August 2019 to February 2020, aimed at
assessing medium and large-sized mammals’ diversity, richness, and
relative abundance in the Fura-Faragosa Landscape (FFL), Gamo zone,
Southern Ethiopia. Fixed-width line transects sampling method was used
to collect data among four stratified habitats: forest, wet-land,
grass-land and cultivated-land, and between seasons. A total of 685
mammalian records belong to 21 species, six orders and 13 families were
identified, including globally vulnerable species such as Panthera leo,
Panthera pardus and Hippopotamus amphibius. Overall, Papio Anubis and
Chlorocebus pygerythrus were the four dominant species, while
Civettictis civetta, Panthera leo and Panthera pardus were the least
abundant in the FFL. The study revealed that the dry season was
characterized by higher mammalian species abundance (377 records) but by
lower species richness (20) than the wet season. At habitat level, all
the species encountered in the three habitats (Except Panthera leo,
Panthera pardus, and Colobus guereza - habitat specialists) are subsets
of the species recorded in the grass-land habitat. Grass-land had the
highest diversity index (H = 2.543) even though its area is small except
wet-land. Wet-land had the lowest diversity index (H = 1.845) but
contained species of conservation concern such as vulnerable Panthera
leo and Hippopotamus amphibius. The species abundance was highest in the
forest. The similarity index of mammalian species was highest between
grass-land and forest (0.609). In general, the findings reveal that FFL
is the potential area for mammalian conservation in Ethiopia. The
findings will serve as baseline information for stakeholders to make
effective conservation decisions and as a baseline for researchers
wishing to conduct related ecological studies. As the area is rich in
mammalian diversity and abundance, urgent conservation action is highly
recommended. Keywords: distribution, diversity, Faragosa-Fura Landscape,
mammals, relative abundance
Photobleaching and recovery of Symbiodiniaceae Effrenium voratum SCS01 reveals life form transformation under thermal stress
Authors: Gong Sanqiang , Li Gang , Jin Xuejie , Qiu Dajun , Liang Jiayuan , Yu Kefu , Tan Yehui , Ma Xiao , Xia Xiaomin
Published: January 2024

Symbiodiniaceae play important roles in the establishment of coral reef
ecosystems in oligotrophic marine waters. Symbiodiniaceae Effrenium
voratum is probably an exclusively free-living and heterotrophic
species. How this species responds and acclimates to warming (a main
environenmtal factor causes degradation of coral reef ecosystem) remain
largerly unknow. In this study, we experimentally established the
phenotypic landscapes related to the photobleaching and recovery
processes of Effrenium voratum SCS01 following thermal stress. We found
that thermal stress bleached the plastids of E. voratum SCS01 and caused
the cells to become lighter in color; thereafter, the bleached cells
recovered rapidly when they were returned to the optimal temperature.
Accordingly, the dominant life form of E. voratum SCS01 shifted from
mastigote cells to coccoid cells and then returned to mastigote cells.
Transcriptome analysis revealed that the photobleaching of E. voratum
SCS01 was due to increased degradation and decreased biosynthesis of
photosynthetic pigments. Furthermore, the thermally induced life form
changes were related to the downregulation of genes for cell motility.
Our results revealed the mechanism of photobleaching in E. voratum SCS01
and indicated life form transformation as a newly identified survival
strategy of Effrenium voratum SCS01 under thermal stress.
Use of abbreviations in consent forms for orthopaedic patients: A quality improvement project
Authors: Khan Mohammad Noah , Anjum Syed , Shafique Hassan
Published: January 2024

Consent is a process of communication and the consent form is an
important legal document of the evidence of discussion between doctor
and patients. We observed frequent use of abbreviations in the consent
forms in our department that can result in misunderstanding and
miscommunication when consenting patients for orthopaedic procedures. We
completed an audit cycle starting by reviewing a total of 350 consent
forms retrospectively in level one trauma centres in October-November of
2019 for different orthopaedic trauma procedures. The standards for the
project were guidelines published by the general medical council (GMC),
The royal college of surgeons (RCS) Glasgow, and the British orthopaedic
association (BOA). The results were presented at our mortality and
morbidity meeting. Written Feedback was obtained from the attending
members on how a change can be implemented to increase ccompliance in
filling consent forms. A generic email was sent to all medical
professionals to avoid the use of abbreviations on the document and
encourage colleagues to point out errors if they spot them. The use of
full medical terms and to avoid abbreviations in consent form was well
advertised, The re-audit was performed for the period of January &
February 2020 that included 400 consent forms. The results were analysed
and compared with our original audit results. The use of abbreviations
declined from 54% in first audit to 22% in the re-audit. DVT and PE
were the most common abbreviations. This audit cycle has shown the
importance of education and reminders to the health professionals in
achieving better adherence to the guidelines and improves patient care.
Myriad complement defects in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and short term outcome in the absence of eculizumab.
Authors: Govindarajan Srinivasavaradan , Rawat Amit , Shandilya Jitendra-Kumar , Dawman Lesa , Ramachandran Raja , Hans Rekha , Taneja Neelam , Tiewsoh Jutang , Bhatia Prateek , Tiewsoh Karalanglin
Published: January 2024

An amiss complement pathway can cause atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
(aHUS) with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and
acute kidney injury. An observational study to understand complement
abnormalities and outcome among pediatric aHUS in absence of targeted
therapy was done. We enrolled 35 children from July 2017 to December
2018. Besides recording clinical details, hematological and renal
parameters were assessed. Complement analysis included a one-time
evaluation of C3, C4, anti-factor H antibody (VIDITEST human ELISA kit),
factor H, I, B (Sinogeneclon ltd.) and CD46/membrane co-factor protein
(MCP) (flow cytometry). SPSS version 23 (Chicago, IL) was used for
analysis. Median age was 49 months (sex ratio of 1.7:1). Hypertension
was noted in 74.2%(26) and central nervous system involvement in
34.3%(12). At admission, mean hemoglobin was 6.7±1.8 g/dL, median
platelet count was 78x109 cells/L(38,101) and median eGFR was
11.91ml/min/1.73m2(6.5, 21.3). C3 was low in 57% (20), while 25.7% (9)
had low C4 levels. Anti-factor H antibody was positive in 44% (15). Low
expression of MCP in leucocytes was seen in 26.7% (8). Further, 3 had
low factor H and high factor B respectively, while 2 had low factor I
levels. Plasma-therapy was initiated in 65.7%. Remission was noted in
48.5% (17), 31.4% (11) died and others discontinued treatment. Though
anti-factor H antibody is the most common followed closely by low MCP
expression, abnormal levels of different complement proteins were
observed. Outcome was dismal without eculizumab. We recommend
comprehensive complement analysis in pediatric aHUS. Development and
availability of targeted therapy remains unquestionable.
Anthropogenic range contraction, temporal sampling bias, and the performance of species distribution models
Authors: Pang Sean Eng Howe , Zeng Yiwen , Alban Jose Don De , Webb Edward
Published: January 2024

Anthropogenic range contraction (ARC) dynamically alters species ranges,
which can be problematic for correlational species distribution
modelling (SDM). We used a virtual ecologist approach to simulate ARC
and temporally-biased sampling, demonstrate its link to two principal
forms of data misrepresentation, and investigate the outcomes to SDM
performance. Occurrences sampled before ARC were mismatched against
contemporary anthropogenic pressures (‘occurrence-habitat mismatching’),
which impeded predictions of species responses to those pressures and
produced models that underestimated the impact of human activity on
species distribution. Occurrences sampled after ARC were truncated
representations of historically realised niches (‘niche truncation’),
which were carried over onto predictions of species-environment
relationships, but were overcome by incorporating an appropriate
anthropogenic predictor. Given the pervasive global human footprint and
associated ARC, these data misrepresentations are likely inherent in
most occurrence datasets and should be interrogated during model
development. Accounting for these effects differs depending on the type
of data misrepresentation.
A 10-year review of the maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with history-indicated, ultrasound-indicated and rescue cervical cerclages; a retrospective study.
Authors: M Premikha , Lim Karen , Gosavi Arundhati , Leo Jason Sam , Biswas Arijit
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess differences in cervical cerclage success
rates, maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with
history-indicated, ultrasound-indicated and rescue cerclages, and
identify factors associated with these differences. Design: A
retrospective study of patients with cervical cerclages between January
2008 and October 2017 at National University Hospital, Singapore was
performed. Method: Patients’ data was extracted from electronic
health records and analysed. 163 cerclages were inserted; 14 patients
were lost-to-follow-up and excluded. Results: The details of
149 cerclages were analysed (history-indicated, n=83,
ultrasound-indicated, n=39, and rescue cerclages, n=27). Patients with
rescue cerclages had the lowest cerclage success rate of 55.56%,
defined as pregnancies continuing beyond 24 weeks. Patients with
history-indicated and ultrasound-indicated cerclages had similarly high
success rates of 91.57% and 92.31% respectively. Rescue cerclages,
twin pregnancies, larger cervical dilation at presentation, pre-existing
type 2 diabetes mellitus and Indian ethnicity were significantly
associated with cerclage failure. Patients with rescue cerclages had the
highest proportion of patients with one or more maternal complications,
and highest rates of preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm
labour. Patients with rescue cerclages also had the lowest neonatal
survival rate, lowest mean birth weight and highest proportion of
neonatal complications i.e. respiratory distress syndrome,
intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotising enterocolitis, and
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Conclusion: Maternal and
neonatal outcomes are significantly poorer in women with rescue
cerclages, compared to patients with history-indicated and
ultrasound-indicated cerclages. Appropriate assessment of risk factors
for cervical incompetence and serial cervical length monitoring may
reduce rescue cerclages, which may improve outcomes.
Pathogenicity of pediatric thymic lymphoepithelioma- like carcinoma with Epstein-Barr virus infection and its treatment with immunotherapy
Authors: Tseng Jui-Ju , Li Chia-Ling , Liang Chiung-Wen , You Weir-Chiang , Wang Ren-Ching , Huang Fang-Liang
Published: January 2024

Background: Thymic lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is an
extremely rare neoplasm in children. The causative role of Epstein-Barr
virus (EBV) in the pediatric thymic LELC is unclear with limited
treatment guidelines. Materials and methods: At our hospital, a 17-year
old boy with thymic LELC was studied based on plasma levels of EBV DNA
measured multiple times using real time quantitative polymerase chain
reaction (RT-QPCR). For comparison, other patients <18 years
old with thymic LELC reported in the English literature were also
reviewed. Results: There were only 17 cases of pediatric thymic LELC in
the literature. Including the present case, we analyzed a total of 18
such patients. The male to female ratio was 14:4, and the average age
was 12.6 years old (range: 4 to 17). Of these 18 patients, the
associations with EBV were not determined in 6 due to incomplete data,
and the remaining 12 were all EBV-related. The mortality rate of
pediatric thymic LELC was 68.8%, with an average survival time of 12.6
months after diagnosis. The plasma level of EBV RT-QPCR of the patient
was 77048 copies/ml before chemotherapy. As his expression of PD-L1/PD-1
was 70%, pembrolizumab (2 mg/kg for one day) was also given. After 6
cycles of the above treatments, his CT scan showed a reduction in tumor
size of >50% at the mediastinum. Conclusion: Despite
limited data and our single case, we are inclined to conclude that
children with thymic LELC likely associate with EBV pathogenicity.
Immunotherapy may be useful in improving the prognosis.
Rhabdomyolysis triggered by azithromycin
Authors: finsterer josef , stollberger claudia , melichart-kotig madlaine
Published: January 2024

A 17yo male marriage with uneventful previous history developed
generalised myalgias, exercise intolerance, and general fatigue after
two dosages of azithromycin (500mg/d) during 3d for febrile infection.
Neurologic exam revealed generally reduced tendon reflexes. Serum
creatine-kinase was elevated to 25000U/L. Needle-EMG showed short and
small, polyphasic motor-units and abnormal spontaneous activity, being
interpreted as myositis. Azithromycin was discontinued and he was
advised to avoid the fitness studio and to drink plenty of liquids.
Myalgias disappeared within two days and CK continuously declined.
Azithromycin may trigger rhabdomyolysis in the context of exercise and
infection. Azithromycin may be myotoxic why it should be prescribed with
caution in exercising and infected patients.
Efficacy of Oseltamivir in the Treatment of Patients Infected with Covid-19
Authors: Zendehdel Abolfazl , Bidkhori Mohammad , Ansari Mohsen , siyahkali Saeed Reza Jamali Moghaddam , Asoodeh Azadeh
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The recent unprecedented pandemic caused by
Sars-Cov-2, is threatening public health over the world. Although
several studies have been performed there is no identified treatment for
Covid-19 patients. Here we assessed the efficacy of oseltamivir in
combination therapy, by comparing two different therapeutic regimens in
hospitalized patients. Experimental approach: This is a retrospective,
according to the date of admission, the patients were divided into two
groups; group 1 (oselta group) from Feb 20, 2020 to March 15, 2020
received Oseltamivir with routine regimen and group 2 (control group)
from March 20, 2020 to April 20, 2020 received routine regimen alone
including Azithromycin 500 mg/daily and Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/12h.
The endpoints including, the duration of hospitalization, requirement to
intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation, the
outcome and rate of mortality. Key Results: A total of 285 patients were
enrolled over the two months, 120 patients for group 1 and 165 for group
2. The median time from admission to discharge was significantly shorter
in oselta group in comparison with control Group. Additionally, the
mortality rate was found to be lower in oselta group than control group
which was statistically significant by multivariate analysis. The
incidence of ICU admission and mechanical ventilation were also
decreased in oselta group but were not found to be statistically
significant. Conclusion and implications: This study showed that
administration of oseltamivir was associated with shorter length of
hospital stay and earlier recovery and discharge of hospital, and a
lower mortality rate.
Left bundle branch pacing after failure of cardiac resynchronization therapy in a patient with heart failure and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Peng Zhang , Mao-Jing WANG , Wen-heng Liu , Pin SUN , Qing ZHAO
Published: January 2024

For heart failure(HF) patients with reduced ejection fraction and atrial
fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response, cardiac
resynchronization therapy (CRT) combined with atrioventricular junction
ablation (AVJA) is an important treatment strategy. This article reports
a case of HF with AF with rapid ventricular response in which the left
ventricular lead implantation of CRT failed, and was successfully
treated with left bundle branch pacing(LBBP) combined with AVJA and
related literature is reviewed.
The Correlation Between Thoughts And Anxiety Levels Of The Nursing Students About Covid-19
Authors: serçe Sibel , OVAYOLU Özlem , OVAYOLU Nimet
Published: January 2024

AIM: This study was conducted to determine the correlation between
thoughts and anxiety levels of the student nurses about the new type of
coronavirus (COVID-19). METHOD: The descriptive study was conducted the
sample was composed of 346 nursing students who were voluntary to
participate in the study. While the study population consisted of all
students, Before starting the study, necessary permissions were obtained
from the Ministry of Health, Ethics Committee, and the relevant
Institution. The data were collected online with the Questionnaire and
State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). RESULTS: It was determined that 98.6% of
the students knew about COVID-19, 87.3% knew the diagnostic methods,
all of them knew the measures to be taken to protect from COVID-19 and
obeyed these measures, 46.2% applied the social distance rule, 98.8%
stayed away from crowded environments, and 98.6% comply with the call
to “stay at home”. 73.1% of the students experienced stress due to
this virus, 95.7% had concerns about the future, 82.7% believed that
their education was affected negatively, and 67.9% believed that their
quality of life was affected negatively. It was determined that SAI mean
scores was 46.4±9.2 and there was a correlation between SAI mean scores
with the gender, chronic disease in the family, taking disinfectant,
keeping food stock, obeying the call to stay at home, having stress, and
believing that education and quality of life were negatively affected
(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It was found that the students
experienced “moderate” level anxiety, had sufficient knowledge about
COVID-19 and complied with protection rules, but most of them had
concerns about the future, and their education lives and quality of
lives were negatively affected. In line with these results, it may be
recommended to evaluate and support the anxiety levels of the students
during online education process.
THE BETA HCG LEVEL IN THE VAGINAL WASHING FLUID AS A PREDICTOR OF PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANE
Authors: Negara Ketut Surya , Aguswahyudi Danny , Suwiyoga Ketut , Megadhana I Wayan , Mahendra I Nyoman Bayu , Mayura I Gusti Putu Mayun , Aryana Made Bagus Dwi
Published: January 2024

Aim: This study aims to determine the relationship between beta-hCG
level in vaginal washing fluid with the incidence of premature rupture
of membranes (PROM) and the cut-off value of beta-hCG level in vaginal
washing fluid in predicting the occurrence of PROM Materials and
Methods: This diagnostic study was carried out in the delivery room of
the Emergency Ward, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar from May 2020 to July
2020. The vaginal wash was taken after delivery and then examined at the
Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Udayana University/Sanglah General
Hospital Denpasar Bali. Results: Thirty-five subjects that had met the
inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in this study. The
cut-off value of beta-hCG vaginal washing fluid to predict PROM obtained
in this study was 118.1 mIU/ml with sensitivity of 95.83%, specificity
of 81.81%, positive predictive value of 92.00%, negative predictive
value of 90.00%, and accuracy of 91.43%. Conclusions: Beta-hCG level
in the vagina washing fluid can be used as a predictor of PROM incident
Clinical Significance: The beta-hCG level may be used as a new, fast,
non-invasive, promising diagnostic indicator in PROM, thus early
prevention and management may be conducted to reduce the morbidity and
mortality caused by PROM. Keywords: Beta-hCG, diagnostic test, premature
rupture of membrane