bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Currency and Copyright
Authors:   Korea Copyright Commission, KYE SeungKyoon
Published: January 2024

The main purpose of this paper is to examine currency and copyright, which have recently become hot topics in our society.
The currency issued by the Bank of Korea is legal tender and serves as a means of payment and is also subject to monetary policy. Types of currency include bank notes, coins, and commemorative coins.
In Chapter 2, the author looked at whether currency is a work in terms copyright, a work of applied art, small coin theory, and a public work through examples and interpretation of German legislation and Korean legislation. Personally, I think that currency sufficiently satisfies the requirements for establishing a copyrighted work. In addition, currency has a strong characteristic as a work of applied art, and in the case of coins, it is likely to fall under the theory of small coins. However, there are some questions as to whether it is a public work and, if so, who is responsible for managing it.
In Chapter 3, after examining the legal provisions related to currency in the German and Swiss copyright laws, the author looked at the interpretation of the relevant provisions in Germany and the case of the 10 Euro commemorative coin. The German court ruled that the 10 Euro commemorative coin did not fall under the so-called official work under Article 5 of the German Copyright Act.
In the case of stamps similar to currency, there is also a case where it is said that it is a work of official service. In the case of Switzerland, means of payment are clearly defined as works that are not protected, and I introduce a case related to the 20 Frankenbank note of 1973.
In Chapter 4, the author developed a theory of interpretation regarding cases where private works are included in public works.
In Chapter 5 the author briefly commented on currency and copyright and mentioned that copyright issues may also arise with commemorative coins, securities, and souvenirs in the future.
Design and development of unstuck tourniquet
Authors: Alifurochmah Isty , Endiyono Endiyono
Published: January 2024

Background: Existing tourniquets often get stuck, so innovation is needed to develop unstuck tourniquets.Technic: The result of the development of the tourniquet is only to modify the location of the locking system. The locks are located on the right and left sides, with an internal locking system that uses a bent angle design, which functions as a spring force to push the lockout without obstacles. The outside of the locking system has nuts and bolts that hold the cuff tighter when used.Conclusion: The results of the development of this tourniquet are proven easy to use, comfortable, and unstuck.
Investigating the level of Hba1c and insulin level in β-thalassemia patients
Authors: Mujiburrahman Husnan , Santosa Qodri , Setyono Joko , Roestijawati Nendyah , Rujito Lantip
Published: January 2024

Background: β-thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by reduced or no synthesis of β globin chain, resulting in chronic anemia, so blood transfusion is required as curative therapy. Repeated blood transfusions lead to iron overload that can lead to multiple organ damage, including pancreatic organs.Objective: This study aimed to describe HbA1c and insulin levels of β-thalassemia patients. The study also tested whether there was a significant difference in insulin and HbA1c levels among patients with different β-thalassemia categories. Method: This research was an analytic observational study. The samples were taken by total sampling and involved 30 patients, and the examination was carried out using the patient's blood plasma.Result: The study found that samples had low HbA1c levels. There was no significant mean difference (p>0.05) between insulin and HbA1c in the mild, moderate, and severe clinical degree groups. There was no significant difference in average (p>0.05) insulin and HbA1c in the thalassemia sufferers with allele β+ and β0 types.Conclusion: There was a decrease in insulin and HbA1c in patients with β-thalassemia, which may be caused by damage pancreatic organ damage.
Enhancing maternal toddler parenting competence through nurturing care videos
Authors: Haryanti Fitri , Lusmilasari Lely , Madyaningrum Ema , Hasanah Nisa Nur , Amiatun Anisa Nurul
Published: January 2024

Background: Despite increased global attention to early childhood development, children under 5 in low- and middle-income countries face heightened risks of poor developmental outcomes. In Indonesia, where innovative approaches to nurturing care are needed, video-based interventions show promise.Purpose: This study aimed to elevate maternal competence in parenting and contribute to the holistic development of children aged 0-3 years through video-based nurturing care education.Method: Non-equivalent quasi-experimental design with pre-post-test control groups was employed. This study used a consecutive sampling technique on 89 mothers with children 0-3 years old (intervention group = 40 and control group = 49). The intervention group was given health education using videos via a WhatsApp link, and the control group was given leaflets directly. Data was collected from May to August 2022, four weeks before the intervention (pre-test) and two weeks after the video and leaflets were given (post-test). The instrument was modified from the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) questionnaire developed by UNICEF. The effect of education was analyzed using Wilcoxon and independent t-test.Results: The group that received the intervention showed a notable and positive influence on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP levels) in contrast to the control group. This suggests the video-based intervention effectively enhanced participants' understanding, attitudes, and caregiving practices.Conclusion: The research emphasizes the positive outcomes of video-based nurturing care intervention for mothers with children aged 0-3 years. The intervention significantly improved maternal attitudes toward parenting, caregiving behaviors, and overall child development. These results emphasize the significance of employing video interventions to encourage effective nurturing care practices.
The effectiveness of topical gel formulation extract Centella asiatica and Curcuma domestica to fading striae gravidarum
Authors: Oktavia Eva Zuli , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Rahayu Sri
Published: January 2024

Background: The incidence of striae gravidarum in Indonesia is 95%, and 79.7% are primigravida. Striae gravidarum is not a direct physical health risk but is associated with body image and decreased self-confidence. Curcuma domestica contains curcumin and vitamin C, which can stimulate the synthesis of type IV collagen. In contrast, the Centella asiatica plant contains triterpenoids and saponins, which can stimulate the synthesis of type I collagen, which helps regenerate skin cells and improve skin elasticity. However, it is necessary to see the effectiveness of the two herbs, Centella asiatica and Curcuma domestica, in fading striae gravidarum. Purpose: To prove the effectiveness of topical gel formulation extract Centella asiatica and Curcuma domestica for fading of striae gravidarum.Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 32 primigravida pregnant women divided into two groups: the intervention group was given a combination of Curcuma domestica and Centella asiatica gel at a dose of 5 mg twice a day for 14 days, and the control group was given a mineral oil gel at a quantity of 5 mg twice a day for 14 days—measurement of striae gravidarum using Davey score. The statistical test used the Friedman and Wilcoxon test.Results: The average fading of striae gravidarum in the intervention group was more significant than in the control group, 11.44±4.131 to 4±3.033 vs.12.19±5.788 to 8.56±4.320 treatment on the 14th day. The analysis results showed that the topical gel formulation of Centella asiatica and Curcuma domestica was more effective in fading striae gravidarum than the placebo gel (p<0.001).Conclusion: Administering topical gel containing 12% Centella asiatica extract and a 10% Curcuma domestica dose of 5 mg twice a day for 14 days affected the fading of striae gravidarum.
Innovative insight: ChatGPT's contribution to advanced health research articles
Authors: Muslim M. Rifqi Fadillah , Chabib Lutfi , Hamzah Hasyrul , Santosa Agus
Published: January 2024

The current technological advancement follows a pattern of both disruptive and gradual changes. The field of communication is currently the most extensively utilized technology. The rapid development of AI has enabled those without a background in computer coding or specialized health knowledge to utilize this technology, which gives rise to numerous issues. This phenomenon elicits curiosity and engenders debate among the general public, scholars, healthcare providers, and researchers in the health industry. Utilizing AI in the composition of scientific publications necessitates explicit norms and regulations, a robust validation procedure, and effective collaboration between AI systems and human expertise. Ensuring transparency and acknowledgment of AI usage is crucial to maintaining human researchers' accountability for the ultimate outcomes of their research.
Pengaruh Variasi Waktu Penundaan Pemisahan Serum Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Glukosa
Authors: Azizah Febrianti Nur
Published: January 2024

Tahapan pra-analitik merupakan faktor yang penting dalam pemeriksaan di laboratorium. Tahapan ini meliputi persiapan untuk pasien, pemberian identitas pada spesimen, penampungan spesimen, perlakuan pada spesimen, pengiriman spesimen, penyiapan dan pengolahan spesimen. Serum yang terbentuk setelah proses sentrifugasi sebaiknya segera digunakan untuk pemeriksaan dan apabila harus dilakukan penundaan maka serum sebaiknya segera dipisahkan dari bekuan darah , dipindahkan pada wadah serum dan disimpan dalam lemari pendingin. Tidak semua laboratorium melakukan penyimpanan serum yang sesuai. Hal tersebut berpeluang terjadinya metabolisme spesimen yang disebabkan sel hidup sehingga berpengaruh pada stabilitas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi waktu penundaan pemisahan serum terhadap hasil pemeriksaan glukosa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan desain penelitian One Group Pretest-Pottest Design. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April 2022 di Laboratorium Kimia Klinik Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya. Digunakan 10 sampel serum dari mahasiswa dengan kadar glukosa normal. Sampel serum diberikan 5 perlakuan penundaan pemisahan yaitu 0, 1 ,2, 3, 4 jam. Kadar glukosa diperiksa dengan metode GOD-PAP pada alat fotometer 5010 vs+. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan Uji Repeated Measure Anova . Rata-rataa hasil pemeriksaan glukosa yang dilakukan segera, penundaan 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam dan 4 jam adalah 78,1 mg/dL; 75,2 mg/dL, 71,8 mg/dL; 66,9 mg/dl dan 65,1 mg/dL. Hasil analisis uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh variasi waktu penundaan pemisahan serum terhadap hasil pemeriksaan glukosa dengan nilai sig 0,000.Â Kata Kunci : Glukosa, serum, penundaan pemisahan
The KARAKTERISTIK KEJADIAN CAMPAK PADA ANAK DI RSUD DR. FAUZIAH KABUPATEN BIREUEN TAHUN 2022
Authors: Asy-syifaa  , Kurniasih Ari , Lubis Siska Anggreni , Damanik Rosa Zoraya
Published: January 2024

Penyakit campak (dikenal juga dengan nama morbili, measles) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sangat menular. Campak disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dari golongan Paramyxovirus yang dapat menular melalui udara. Keparahan dari penyakit campak dapat terjadi pada anak-anak yang kekurangan gizi dan yang paling utama pada anak-anak yang kekurangan vitamin A atau anak-anak yang memiliki sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah. Campak dapat dicegah dengan pemberian imunisasi campak. Campak dapat menjadi suatu masalah yang serius dengan adanya komplikasi, yang tersering seperti bronkopneumonia, otitis media, enteritis, dan sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik kejadian campak pada anak di RSUD dr. Fauziah Kabupaten Bireuen tahun 2022. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Pasien anak yang terkena campak paling banyak pada kelompok usia 2-5 tahun (47,4%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (50,9%), status imunisasi campak tidak lengkap (80,7%), status nutrisi normoweight (86,0%), tidak adanya riwayat pemberian vitamin A (68,4%), lama di rawat dalam kategori sedang 3-5 hari (78,9%), dan disertai komplikasi Bronkopneumnia (29,8%). Karakteristik tersering kejadian campak berdasarkan Usia ialah 2-5 tahun, Jenis Kelamin ialah laki-laki, Anak dengan status imunisasi yang tidak lengkap, Status nutrisi normoweight, Anak dengan tidak adanya riwayat pemberian vitamin A, dan Anak yang disertai komplikasi bronkopneumonia.
función social del arte.
Authors: Spathi Aglaía
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: resaltar la fuerza del arte para transformar la conducta ética del individuo y apoyarlo en su lucha contra el poder injusto, a través del estudio del cuento «El canto de la cigarra” del autor cubano Onelio Jorge Cardoso (1914-1986) y de la fábula «La cigarra y las hormigas» del fabulista griego Esopo (siglo VI a.C.). Metodología: se partió de un recorrido histórico por la filosofía platónica, pitagórica, aristotélica cínica y la del filósofo alemán Schopenhauer, sobre la trascendencia del arte para mitigar el dolor del hombre y apaciguar sus pasiones. Con la finalidad de recalcar que en el cuento «El canto de la cigarra» el escritor cubano hace hincapié en la relación del arte con el poder y exhibe la creación de una sociedad sana y constructiva a través del cultivo estético, se realizó un estudio comparativo de dicho cuento con la Fábula «La cigarra y las hormigas» de Esopo ya que ambos autores utilizan el mundo de los animales como microcosmos de la comunidad humana. Resultados: se demostró la importancia social del artista y de su obra cuya utilidad, aunque no sea evidente de inmediato, puede conducir al perfeccionamiento moral de toda la colectividad construyendo un futuro solidario y antidogmático. Conclusiones: a través del paradigma alegórico de la comunidad de los animales se hace claro que el arte introduce la perfección y la belleza ética en la sociedad. De ahí que, en un mundo en plena crisis social, el artista con su obra logre derribar del trono a los poderosos enalteciendo a los más humillados y creando un mundo ideal.
Determinantes de recurrencia de ataques terroristas.
Authors: Rivera-Lozada Isabel Cristina , Gomez-Sanchez Andres Mauricio , Rivadeneira-Daza Jorge Luis
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: en este estudio, se tiene por objetivo establecer los determinantes del número de ataques terroristas en un territorio a través del tiempo. Metodología: como novedad, en primer lugar, se incorporan elementos tanto de la teoría del reclamo de los ataques como de la recurrencia de ellos, para tener un espectro analítico más profundo. Y, en segundo lugar, se implementa un modelo estocástico binomial negativo con datos panel, caracterizado por ser dinámico para evitar problemas de endogeneidad. La información utilizada proviene de las bases de datos Global Terrorism Database, Big Allied and Dangerous, Political Terror Scale y World Bank. Resultados: los resultados inicialesobtenidos indican que la probabilidad de ataques terroristas aumenta cuando hay antecedentes de asalto armado, alto nivel educativo, ataques suicidas y ataques a civiles; en tanto que disminuye con la existencia de una alta participación laboral femenina y bajos índices de corrupción. De otro lado, la investigación encontró evidencia empírica suficiente para afirmar que la teoría del reclamo de los ataques ayuda a explicar el fenómeno del número de ataques mediante la inclusión de los objetivos civiles, número de víctimas fatales, asaltos armados y suicidios. Conclusiones: y aún más importante, si se incorporan variables propias de las teorías del número de ataques; tales como la participación laboral femenina, variación en el PIB per cápita, gastos en educación y el índice de corrupción, los resultados son significativamente más robustos al ampliar el espectro argumentativo y potenciar la capacidad explicativa de las variables entre sí.
Satisfacción con la vida en la comunidad universitaria de una Universidad Colombiana en tiempo de pandemia
Authors: García Chamorro Diana Andrea , Aristizábal Vélez Paula Andrea , Vélez Álvarez Consuelo
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: determinar la satisfacción con la vida en la comunidad universitaria de una universidad colombiana en tiempos de pandemia. Metodología: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con una fase asociativa, en el cual se contó con participación de 723 estudiantes y 257 empleados de una institución de educación superior en tiempos de pandemia. Resultados: el mayor porcentaje de los participantes en ambos grupos fue de mujeres. Con respecto a la satisfacción con la vida, el 83,7% de empleados que realizaban actividades virtuales durante la pandemia se sentían entre satisfechos (33,9%) y muy satisfechos con la vida (49,8%). En contraste, para el caso de los estudiantes los porcentajes de satisfacción fueron menores (33,3% satisfechos y 37,6% muy satisfechos); se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa p<0,05 entre todas las variables sociodemográficas y la satisfacción con la vida. Conclusiones: la satisfacción con la vida en tiempos de pandemia fue diferente entre empleados y estudiantes, estos resultados se convierten en insumo para que las instituciones de educación superior fortalezcan el trabajo multidisciplinario, y que de manera permanente se realicen acciones encaminadas a mejorar los niveles de resiliencia en los integrantes de la comunidad universitaria.
Cruzando las fronteras del Enfoque de Capacidades:
Authors: De La Ossa Guerra Juan Carlos , Botero Delgado Sandra Tatiana
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: reflexionar en torno a dos conceptos medulares en el Enfoque de Capacidades (EC) propuesto por Amartya Sen, ‘capacidades’ y ‘agencia’, a partir de la revisión documental y posiciones teóricas de diversos autores. Metodología: esta es una investigación cualitativa basada en la revisión documental y la reflexión teóricaconceptual, la cual permite profundizar en los postulados del EC y retroalimentarlos a partir de otros paradigmas que posibilitan cruzar las fronteras de sus nociones conceptuales. Resultados: el EC ha revolucionado la forma en que concebimos el desarrollo humano y el bienestar de las personas a partir de la ruptura con las teorías de desarrollo tradicionales. Si bien esto constituye un avance importante, se debe seguir trabajando por una teoría sólida que se ocupe de las personas a escala humana y colectiva. En un primer momento, se abordan las críticas que diversos autores le hacen al enfoque, los cuales lo acusan de individualista. Luego, se exploran algunas propuestas conceptuales que exaltan el potencial de la dimensión relacional en las nociones de ‘capacidades’ y ‘agencia’, lo cual posibilita ampliar el EC más allá de sus fronteras.Conclusiones: la principal conclusión es que, si bien el Enfoque de las Capacidades presenta un individualismo ético, no puede caracterizarse como individualista desde el punto de vista ontológico y metodológico. Esta condición permite ampliar la base conceptual del enfoque hacia dimensiones más relacionales y colectivas.
Prediction of Safety Performance by Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Evidence from Indian Construction Project Sites
Authors:   National Institute of Construction Management and Research,Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500101, Telangana State, INDIA, SVS Rajaprasad , Mukkamala Rambabu ,   National Institute of Construction Management and Research,Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500101, Telangana State, INDIA
Published: January 2024

The construction industry in India happens to be the second most contributor to its gross domestic product (GDP) but high rates of accidents and fatalities have tarnished the image of the industry in India. To enhance the importance and alertness among the stakeholders in construction project sites, the present study proposes a framework for predicting safety performance. In this retrospective study, the data pertaining to the 69 construction project sites across India from January, 2021, to July, 2022 was analysed. The data analysis was conducted in two phases, in the first phase of the study the efficiency of project sites was computed by implementing dataenvelopment analysis (DEA). In the second phase, the results of the first phase are utilized to predict the safety performance of construction sites by applying four machine learning (ML) algorithms. In the first phase of the study, three input and three output variables were considered to compute the efficiency of the project sites. Results of four ML classifiers revealed that the random forest classifier with high recall percentage of 95.0is considered the best in predicting the safety performance. Finally, the results indicate that the ML classifiers enable a good accuracy level in predicting the safety performance of project sites. Among the four ML classifiers, notably the Random Forest Classifier enables identifying the inefficient project sites and advising the site management to implement control measures.Finally, a safety performance prediction tool was developed to understand the results.
A Model of Factors Influencing the Implementation of Artificial Intelligent in Crisis Management: A Case Study of National Crisis and Emergency Management Authority (NCEMA)
Authors:   Faculty of Technology Management and Business,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA, Aladawi Ahmed Saeed Ali Rashed , Ahmad Ahmad Nur Aizat ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Published: January 2024

This paper outlines the development of a structural equation model focusing on factors influencing the implementation of AI in crisis management within the UAE National Crisis and Emergency Management Authority. Literature has identified 28 factors which are categorized into seven domains that influencing the implementation of AI in crisis managementfor the model. The model was constructed and evaluated using SmartPLS software. The model was evaluated atits measurement and structural components. The results revealed that at the measurement component, the model met all evaluation criteria. While, at the structural component, the relationship between 'CoV' and 'CrM' was statistically significant (T-statistic = 2.633, P-value = 0.009), indicating a robust connection. However, the links between 'ReF' and 'CrM' and 'LSM' and 'CrM' were not statistically significant (P-values = 0.999 and 0.949, respectively), suggesting limited impact on 'CrM.' Relationships between 'RoB,' 'IoT,' 'DeL,' and 'NLP' with 'CrM' showed moderate evidence but lacked statistical significance, possibly due to data limitations. Furthermore, the model demonstrated a strong fit, with an R-squared (R²) value of 0.761, explaining approximately 76.1% of the variance in "CrM" with the seven independent variables. Lastly, for predictive relevance, the "CrM" as a dependent construct displayed a Q² value of 0.608, indicating that around 60.8% of the variation in "CrM" is explained by the model beyond random chance, confirming its strong predictive value.
Digitalization of Building Site Management in the Construction Industry
Authors:   Department of Architecture,Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25100, TURKEY, Takva Çağatay , Cudzik Jan ,   Department of Urban Architecture and Waterscapes,Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdansk, 80-233, POLAND, İlerisoy Zeynep Yeşim ,   Department of Architecture,Gazi University, Ankara, 06530, TURKEY
Published: January 2024

With Industry 4.0, a digital transformation has started in the construction industry. However, 4.0 technologies have difficulties in the integrationof digital systems due to the diversity and complexity of the processes in the construction industry. Multidisciplinary work in architectural projects and the need for high productivity require digital renovation planning in the construction industry. Theapplication of the technologies that emerged because of digital transformation on the building site has revealed the concept of the smart building site. Within the framework of many current issues such as the smart building site, the digital transformation on the building sites needs to be explored and defined. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was carried out on the publications in this field by evaluating the transformation potentials of the digitalized building sites of the future. Academic publications that will raise awareness in the improvement of building site management and the development of digital systems have been determined. Conceptual integrity was created by seeing the research gap for digitalization in building site management and it was aimed to guide researchers in future studies. As a result, based on the research area analysis and the diversity of academic publications, it was seen that the studies in the field of architecture were insufficient compared to the engineering fields.
An Assessment of the Values of French Colonial Townhouses in Hanoi Towards AMore Sustainable Conservation
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture and Planning,Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong Road, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM, Bao Tran Quoc , Minh Nguyen Quang ,   Faculty of Architecture and Planning,Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong Road, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM, Van Hien Nguyen Hai ,   Faculty of Architecture and Planning,Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong Road, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM, Huong Lan Vu Thi ,   Faculty of Architecture and Planning,Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong Road, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM, Long Dang Viet ,   Faculty of Architecture and Planning,Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong Road, Hanoi, 10000, VIETNAM
Published: January 2024

As the capital city of French Indochina, Hanoi was well planned by the French and immensely invested in the construction of public buildings as well as houses. In addition to public buildings and villas designed in French colonial stylesthatshaped the so-called distinctive architectural heritage in Hanoi throughout the colonial years, a large number of townhouses built during 1920 -1950 which formed the cityscape of Hanoi in the first half of the 20thcentury should be noted. After nearly 70 years since the French army withdrew from the city, the number of French townhouses has considerably decreased. The remaining houses have shown that this is a real “treasure” that needs to be conserved because of their important values, not only in terms of urban architecture but also in cultural and historical aspects. However, a fact requiringspecial attention is that French townhouses in Hanoi -unlike French public buildings and villas -have not yet been recognised as heritage so that they can be keptto avoid the risk of deterioration or demolition under the impact of rapid urbanisation in the market economy. One of the main reasons for this negative urban development is that there has been no concrete or comprehensive rating system to assess the values ofthose townhouses whichwill closely correspondto their characteristics and contexts. Therefore, the authors -based on site surveys and by applying some appropriate methods such as expert consultations and case studies -have developed a full set of criteria to help evaluate those remaining townhouses as accurately as possible. This system can be used as a basis for asystematic assessment and classification towards a more effective conservation and even promoting the values of those townhouses with regard tothe development of a modern societyand in consideration ofsustainable heritage conservation as a mainstream in the world.
Mixed Finite Element for Crack Analysis in Functionally Graded Material
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department,University of August 20, 1955, Skikda, ALGERIA, Benmalek Haroune , Bouziane Salah ,   Civil Engineering Department,University of August 20, 1955, Skikda, ALGERIA, Bouzerd Hamoudi ,   Civil Engineering Department,University of August 20, 1955, Skikda, ALGERIA, Remmani Sid Ahmed ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environmental,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, 86400, Johor, MALAYSIA
Published: January 2024

This study presents a mixed finite element formulated using isoparametric techniques and extended to analyze quasi-static crack propagation in functionally graded materials. The mixed mode is analyzed for homogeneous and functionally graded beamssubjected to three-point bending and for homogeneous and functionally graded plates under uniform axial tension. The mixed finite element results are compared with previous experimental and numerical results published in the literature.
Wastewater Quality Determines the Quantity of Offsite Sanitation Based on Downstream Standards
Authors:   Department of Environmental Engineering,Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, INDONESIA, Samudro Ganjar , Samudro Harida ,   Departmentof Architecture,Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang, INDONESIA, Mangkoedihardjo Sarwoko ,   Department of Environmental Engineering,Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, INDONESIA
Published: January 2024

Offsite sanitation describes the wastewater management in the chain of generation sources to its disposal into the environment. While the user manages the onsite sanitation system for greywater, blackwater requires offsite treatment. In practice, offsite sanitation management implements scoping service areas for centralised, decentralised, and combined hybrid. This study aims to provide feasibility criteria for the offsite small scale sanitation servicesand formulate a method compatible with existing methods to accelerate sanitation services. The method used is a downstream approach by assessing the capacity of rivers to receive wastewater discharges. The results consist of river capacity criteria and wastewater quality requirements. The quality load of a river and water dilution ability determine the number of people and the suitability of the sanitation system. The decision-making process in determining the scale of offsite sanitation services directs the problem solution by considering technical, economic, financial, institutional regulations, environmental, and social aspects. Availability of data speeds up problem-solving with effective and efficient use of resources. The core conclusion states that wastewater quality parameters determine the scale of offsite sanitation services.Thecriteria formation facilitates and accelerates the delivery of technology choices to a definitive number of people and gains their participation in using sanitation facilities.
Literature Review of Cement Matrices and Fibers Used in SIFCON
Authors:   Department of Dams and Water Resources,University of Anbar, Al Anbar, IRAQ, Ahmed Ahmed Dalaf , Jameel Ghassan Subhi ,   Department of Dams and Water Resources,University of Anbar, Al Anbar, IRAQ, Al-Taie Entidhar ,   Department of Reconstruction and Projects, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Baghdad, IRAQ, Ismail Abdulkader ,   Department of Civil Engineering,University of Anbar, Al Anbar, IRAQ
Published: January 2024

Conventional concrete is categorized as brittle. As a result, researchers continued working to develop it into a substance having ductile characteristics. Concrete showed remarkable improvement when fiber was incorporated at a ratio of 1-2%. Slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) allows for the use of up to 20% more fiber when combined with unique cement slurry. Concrete that was produced had increased strength and ductility. The influence of slurry and fiber forms with different volumes on the resistance of concrete to compression, flexural, shear, and bond was the main focus of this review study. The outcomes of several previousinvestigations revealed a significant relationship between the strength of concrete and the slurry mixture, fiber type, and fiber volume. Additionally, it was shown that the majority of research all agreed that certain methods should be followed when employing a volume of more than 5% fiber. These processes entail employing fine-sand less than 1 mm in size to create a suitable cementslurry and replacing up to30% of the cement with fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), and metakaolin to create a cement slurry capable of penetrating interlocking with fiber of all forms and volumes
Experimental Investigation of the Bonding Behavior of High-Volume Fly Ash Self-Compacting Concrete Reinforced with Steel and GFRP Bars
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 61102. IRAQ, Waryosh Waleed Awad , Rasol Bilal ,   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 61102. IRAQ
Published: January 2024

This paper investigated the bond strength between reinforcement steel and GFRP bars embedded in high-volume fly ash concrete and conventional concrete mixtures. This research evaluated two mixes: conventional concrete, and 50% replacement cement with Class F fly ash. According to RILEM recommendations, eight hinged beams were employed to evaluate the bond strength of the concrete mixes.This investigation showed good bonding for concrete mixes containing 50% fly ash compared to conventional concrete. GFRP bars also showed good bonding, better than steel bars in the case of small diameters (10 mm), but lower bonding in the case of larger diameters (16 mm).
An Empirical Investigation to EnhancingConstruction Site Performance Through Efficient Material Waste Mitigation in the Malaysian Construction Industry
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, 86400, MALAYSIA, Abdullah Abkar Mahdi Mohammed , Yunus Riduan ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, 86400, MALAYSIA, Al-Shameri Ahmed Saleh Ahmed Saif ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, 86400, MALAYSIA, Harouache Ahmed ,   Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor, 86400, MALAYSIA
Published: January 2024

AutomationTechnological advancements in construction significantly enhance efficiency by integrating productivity, cost-effectiveness, and innovation throughout the construction life cycle, fostering both economic growth and industry advancement. This study investigates the role of Technology and Management Practices TMP in mitigating material waste to enhance Construction Site Performance (CSP) within Malaysia's construction sector. Five hypotheses were formulated to explore the relationship between TMP and CSP. Data collection involved an online survey targeting construction personnel and experts in Malaysia, resulting in 295 valid responses for hypothesis validation. The analysis utilized Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques in conjunction with IBM's Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), recognized for its robust statistical capabilities in empirical research. The study's findings suggest that adopting TMP, along with their perceived value and applicability in material waste mitigation, can notably elevate the performance of Malaysian construction sites. This emphasizes the significance of technology and management practices in workplace strategies. The results imply that all stakeholders can leverage TMP to advance ongoing efforts in reducing material waste, shaping a more sustainable future
[RETRACTED] Current State of Scaffolding Unsafe Factor: A Thematic Review
Authors:   University Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Mohammad Mazlina Zaira , Ja’afar Muhd Salmizi ,   University Teknologi Mara (UiTM)
Published: January 2024

Construction industry plays a significant part in the growth of Malaysia's economy, and it is one of the country's most vital industries. Therefore, falling from a scaffolding is one of the most prevalent construction hazards. Scaffolding accidents are increased by factors such as inadequate capacity and incorrect usage of Personal Protective Equipment. Based on the previous studies, none of the researcher has reviewed scaffolding safety issues by using systematic literature review method. As a result, this review was driven to emphasize thecurrent state of scaffolding unsafe factors in order to close this research gap. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the available research from 2012 to 2022 about the current state of scaffolding unsafe factors. The research used Atlas.ti 8, a keyword search, and a snowballing approach to filter for inclusion criteria from SCOPUS, Science Direct, and Web of Science. However, following the inclusion and exclusion procedure, only 29 papers were utilized to assess the final articles. A thematic assessment of these 29 papers identified initial codes identifying and categorizing them as follows: worker behavior, worker skill, site condition, design fault, insufficient equipment, management problem, and Personal Protective Equipment. The discovery is likely to enhance scaffolding safety on construction sites. For future research, other researcher can use primary method such as qualitative or quantitative method focusing on specific location to determine scaffolding unsafe factors for a particular type of scaffoldings.
Testing the Construction Site Supervisory Attributesin Applying Green Practices in Construction Operations
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, SRI LANKA, Manoharan Kesavan ,   Department of Construction Technology, Faculty of Technology,Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, 60200, SRI LANKA, Dissanayake Pujitha ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, SRI LANKA, Pathirana Chintha ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, SRI LANKA, Deegahawature Dharsana ,   Department of Industriam Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences,Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, 60200, SRI LANKA, Silva Renuka ,   Centre for Quality Assurance,Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, 60200, SRI LANKA
Published: January 2024

Sources highlight that poor application of green practices, ineffective supervising strategies and inadequate apprenticeship facilities significantly impact the overall efficiency of construction project flows. Accordingly, this researchattemptsto testthe construction supervisory traits in executinggreen concepts/practices in construction site operations. As part of a newly designedsupervisory apprenticeshipthat was systematically designed utilising consecutiveapproaches, 59 construction supervisors were evaluated using four key sections of competency characteristics and the relevant learning domains. An assessment tool encompassing variouslevels of descriptions and criteria was developed using a comprehensive literary analysis and consultations with subject matter experts. The results point to a generalised modern guideline that describes the types of supervision traits related to the application of green concepts/practices that can be theoretically and practically taken into account during the construction process. Using appropriate statistical tests and professional evaluations, the validation and generalisation of the study’sapplications were ensured with the reliable-ness of the findings.New standards and recommendations for construction supervision procedures are produced by the research, which might elevate this profession and make it the key determinant of the sustainability of siteoperations. This paper elaborates on the study’s broad implications and potential future applications in order to close the knowledge gap in the area of developing the application procedures and protocols related to skill enhancement/upgrading. The implementation of the researchoutcomes will significantlyimpact future practices in other developing nations and developing industries, even though the supervisory samples were used from the Sri Lankan construction setting.
Analysis of Indonesia’s Railway Track Structure Behavior Under Double-Stack Freight Train Loading
Authors:   Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA, Prabawa Hanafi Isnanta
Published: January 2024

The growing number of freight transported using railway transport is massive. Indonesia targeted 995,500,000 tons of freight transported using the railway mode. Double-stack train is one solution to increase thefreight tonnage of the train without adding the number of operations of the train. The 3D ANSYS model ismade to see the structural behavior of railway tracks under the double-stack train load using 1067 mm and 1435 mm gauge from Indonesia’s railway track regulation. It was also modeled with several speeds to observe its influence on the structure. It is known that in all output parameters of deformation, stress, and strain, the 1435 mm gauge actsbetter for the structure than the 1067 mm gauge. The subgrade service life also became longer in the 1435 mm gauge structure. Lower speed also gives a better impactonthe structure of the track and possible to give longer service life for subgrade.Further research isneeded to observe the railway track structural behavior in cyclic loading and the possibilityofreinforcing the subgrade. The lab-scale test also needed to validate the analysis.
A Study of Roundabout Sustainability using Traffic Simulation -A Case Study at Ayer Hitam Signalised Intersection
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Asman Noorazila , Md Rohani Munzilah ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Aman Mohamad Yusri ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment,Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Gungat Lillian ,   Faculty of Engineering,Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA, Hassan Sitti Asmah ,   Faculty of Engineering,Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai Johor, MALAYSIA
Published: January 2024

Through urban planning and municipal administration, a sustainable city seeks to solve issues of social, environmental, and economic effect. By integrating environmentally friendly options into local infrastructure, many sustainable efforts are made possible. Vehicle emissions from the road traffic have always been considered one of the most significant sources of global issues due to their harmful effects on the environment and human beings. Additionally, it is currently a concern for sustainability, especially in urban areas. This matter has inspired the researchers to simulate various systems to identify factors and provide solutions for the issue of emission. In this study, VISSIM software was utilised to develop a traffic simulation to estimate emissions level at Ayer Hitam’s signalised intersection in reference to the intersection type as an independent factor. The signalised intersection and a roundabout were chosen to represent controlled and uncontrolled intersections. It aimed to compare the difference in emissions level between the signalised intersection and roundabout. The results of this study show that roundabouts are more effective in enhancing traffic flow than signalised intersections in terms of travel time, delay, queueand have 48.59% lower for (CO), (NOx) and (VOC) emission. An improvement in vehicleemissions results from thisstudy indicates that roundabouts have the potential to contribute to a more sustainabletransportation system and sustainable city.
A Study on Comparison of Classification Algorithms for Pump Failure Prediction
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Aliyu Ruwaida , Mokhtar Ainul Akmar ,   Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Hussin Hilmi ,   Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS
Published: January 2024

The reliability of pumps can be compromised by faults, impacting their functionality. Detecting these faults is crucial, and many studies have utilized motor current signals for this purpose. However, as pumps are rotational equipped, vibrations also play a vital role in fault identification. Rising pump failures have led to increased maintenance costs and unavailability, emphasizing the need for cost-effective and dependable machinery operation. This study addresses the imperative challenge of defect classification through the lens of predictive modeling. With a problem statement centered on achieving accurate and efficient identification of defects, this study’s objective is to evaluate the performance of five distinct algorithms: Fine Decision Tree, Medium Decision Tree, Bagged Trees (Ensemble), RUS-Boosted Trees, and Boosted Trees. Leveraging a comprehensive dataset, the study meticulously trained and tested each model, analyzing training accuracy, test accuracy, and Area Under the Curve (AUC) metrics. The results showcase the supremacy of the Fine Decision Tree (91.2% training accuracy, 74% test accuracy, AUC 0.80), the robustness of the Ensemble approach (Bagged Trees with 94.9% training accuracy, 99.9% test accuracy, and AUC 1.00), and the competitiveness of Boosted Trees (89.4% training accuracy, 72.2% test accuracy, AUC 0.79) in defect classification. Notably, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) exhibited comparatively lower performance. Our study contributes valuable insights into the efficacy of these algorithms, guiding practitioners toward optimal model selection for defect classification scenarios. This research lays a foundation for enhanced decision-making in quality control and predictive maintenance, fostering advancements in the realm of defect prediction and classification.
Design Evaluation of Air Receiver Tank for Gas Power Plant Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors:   Universitas Mercu Buana, Kamaludin Reza , Feriyanto Dafit ,   Universitas Mercu Buana
Published: January 2024

In order to improve the power capacity in Bali, an air receiver tank is required, which is a tank used to store compressed air produced by an air compressor. The design of this air receiver tank aims to analyze the performance of the existing air receiver tank and compare it with the proposed design in this research. The analysis includes the impact of various factors on the design of the air receiver tank regarding its performance. Several components were created during the fabrication process, including the shell, bottom head, top head, and several instruments of the required components with design pressures of 10, 12, and 1.6 MPa. The research process is mapped using three methods: manual calculations based on ASME Section VIII Division I standards, finite element analysis simulation using the SolidWorks application, and hydrostatic testing. The manual calculation results indicate a shell thickness of 7.57868 mm and head top and bottom thicknesses of 7.53 mm, which are capable of accommodating the maximum pressure with MAWP (Maximum Allowable Working Pressure) values of 1.38 MPa for both the shell and head. The design script support calculation yields a result of 0.3 mm. Based on the finite element analysis simulation using the SolidWorks application, the results show that the tank can withstand a load of up to 1.6 MPa, with material stresses at the head top being 90.0 MPa, head bottom at 0.1 MPa, and shell at 15.5 MPa, with a Min-Max value of 192.0 MPa. Hydrostatic testing with variations in time indicates that the tank can handle a pressure of up to 1.6 MPa, as shown by pressure gauge II-III and temperature gauge II and III, maintaining a stable reading of 1.6 MPa and 76°F.