bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Drain Underlap Length Variation on the DC and RF Performance of Cylindrical Gate Tunnel FET
Authors: Dash Sidhartha , Mishra Guru P.
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

Here, we present an n-channel cylindrical gate tunnel FET with drain
underlap engineering (CGT-DU) and the simulation process is carried out using a 3-D device
simulator from Synopsys.

Methods:

The analog and radio frequency (RF) performance of the device has been studied
extensively in terms of the electric field, energy band analysis, drain current, gain bandwidth
product, unity gain cut-off frequency, transconductance frequency product, and maximum
oscillation frequency for different values of drain underlap length.

Results:

The increase in underlap length in CGT paves the way for a substantial reduction in
ambipolar current without degrading the ON-state current. The proposed device exhibits lower
lateral electric field, larger tunneling length and lower gate to drain capacitance at the drain end
with a higher underlap length.

Conclusion:

CGT-DU exhibits superior ambipolar and RF performance without degrading ONstate
current and threshold voltage.
Heat Transfer Augmentation in Solar Collectors Using Nanofluids: A Review
Authors: Anbarsooz Morteza , Amiri Maryam , Rashidi Iman , Javadi Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Background:

Enhancing the heat transfer rate in solar collectors is an essential factor for
reducing the size of the system. Yet, various methods have been presented in the literature to increase
the heat transfer rate from an absorber to the heat transfer fluid. The most important methods are: the
use of evacuated receivers, addition of swirl generators/turbulators and use of various nanofluids as
the heat transfer fluid.

Objective:

The current study reviews the achievements in the enhancement of solar collectors’ heat
transfer process using various types of nanofluids. The review revealed that the most widely employed
nanoparticles are Al2O3 and Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the most popular base fluid is water. Most
of the investigations are performed on indirect solar collectors, while recently, the researchers focused
on direct absorption methods. In the indirect absorption collectors, the thermal conductivity of the
working fluid is essential, while in a direct absorption collector, the optical properties are also crucial.
Optimization of the optical parameters along with the thermophysical properties of the nanofluid is
suggested for the applications of solar collector.
De eerste resultaten van de veldsurvey in Ayios Vasilios (Laconië, Griekenland)
Authors: Wiersma Corien
Published: February 2020

The first results of the field survey of Ayios Vasilios in Laconia (Greece).

At Ayios Vasilios, remains of a Late Bronze Age palatial site have been identified by means of geophysical survey and excavations. The Ayios Vasilios Survey Project was initiated in 2015, among other things to investigate the extent and spatial development of the site though time. In this article, the preliminary results of the pedestrian field survey of the site are presented. The survey data show that pre-Mycenaean habitation at the site was of limited extent. The settlement expanded rapidly in the Late Helladic III period, but also the Mycenaean palatial settlement was small compared to other known palatial settlements: ca 5-6 ha. The rapid expansion and limited size may be better understood when contextualized with social and political developments in the Sparta Basin.
Een gehoorkapsel van een grijze walvis (Eschrichtius robustus) uit Wijster (Dr.)
Authors: Prummel Wietske , de Vries Lisette , Laarman Frits , van den Hurk Youri
Published: February 2020

A bulla tympanica of a grey whale (Eschrichtius robustus) from Wijster (Dr.).

The animal remains from the native Roman-period village at Wijster (province of Drenthe) were published by Dr Anneke T. Clason in 1967. Most of the remains are poorly preserved cattle and horse bone fragments. About half of them come from animal graves in farmyards or along village roads, which most probably are ritual deposits. At the beginning of 2018, Ernst Taayke found among the material from a grave of a horse and a cow, animal grave 12, an unidentified bone, find number 1266, that he did not recognize. The bone was found to be a bulla tympanica of a grey whale (Eschrichtius robustus), a very rare find. Animal grave 12 was a ritual deposit in the yard of farmhouse 77, dated 3rd/4th century AD. In this paper we discuss how we established the whale species, the possible origin of the whale bone and the meaning of the whale bone in this ritual deposit of a horse and a cow.
‘Hier wil ik nog niet dood gevonden worden’. Bespiegelingen over de absentie van graven
Authors: Rom Iris , de Roest Karla
Published: February 2020

Dead and gone: On the absence of graves.

Every now and then, archaeologists come across periods or regions that seem to lack graves. Instead of addressing these absences, researchers often resort one of several standard explanations, such as “We haven’t found the burial location yet” or “Apparently, these people employed ways of disposal that cannot be traced in the archaeological record”. While such observations are entirely justifiable, they also leave many unaddressed questions. Did this society opt for archaeologically invisible ways of disposal of their loved ones? Why are these graves missing? Case studies from our PhD projects on mortuary archaeology, relating, respectively, to the Bronze Age in Greece and the Iron Age in northwestern Europe, aim to investigate such questions. Whereas archaeologists are generally reluctant to interpret “non-data”, we pose that the absence of graves also provides invaluable clues as to how people perceived life and death in prehistoric societies.
Wat doet die bronzen pot daar bij de kei van Tijnje (Fr.)?
Authors: van Vilsteren Vincent
Published: February 2020

What is that bronze cauldron doing at the boulder of Tijnje (province of Friesland)? In 1937, a bronze cauldron was discovered at the occasion of the translocation of a huge boulder near the village of Tijnje. This boulder had been left behind after the retreat of the Pleistocene icecap. Starting in the Bronze Age, the landscape gradually became overgrown by peat, initially reed sedge peat and carr peat and later sphagnum peat. The boulder was probably never completely covered by peat. In the 11th and 12th centuries AD, land reclamation started in the area. Soon agriculture caused oxidation of the sphagnum peat, resulting in severe subsidence. Villages were abandoned. It was not until the 17th century that commercial companies started the exploitation of these now uninhabited peatlands by cutting turfs for fuel. It is argued that the cauldron was deposited at the foot of the boulder as a ritual offering on the occasion of the start of the exploitation of the area in the 17th century.
Veranderingen in een 17de eeuws grafveld op Spitsbergen door dooiende permafrost
Authors: Loonen Maarten , Bosscher Femke , Vastenhoud Han , Zanting Lotte , van Bodegom Rosanne , Steenhuisen Frits , Dresscher Sarah , Rooke Wouter , de Vries Koos
Published: February 2020

17th-century whaler graves on Spitsbergen threatened by melting permafrost. Deterioration of the permafrost due to climate change could endanger the conservation status of 17th-century whaler clothing in an old burial ground on Ytre Norskøya, off the coast of the island of Spitsbergen (Norway). In 1980, during the Smeerenberg project, a unique collection of woollen and silk clothing was excavated, but more recent excavations of eroding graves on Spitsbergen did not find much clothing. Permafrost thaw may have accelerated the break-down of fabrics. An expedition was undertaken to investigate the permafrost and the surface conditions of the graves in the entire burial ground. The soil conditions were scanned using three geophysical techniques, the burial ground was mapped with a drone, and the graves were measured and described by archaeologists. In this paper, we describe our methods and show the first results.
Malligheden. Een Noord-Franse gietmal in een Nederlands museum
Authors: Steegstra Hannie
Published: February 2020

Saved for Science? (Summary, already written in 2008 by Jay Butler). Especially in northern France, much has been lost in the course of the wars that devastated the area, but much has been saved too. Particularly intriguing among the saved Bronze Age objects are the bronze casting moulds, which in prehistoric times must have been common objects, but which are now scarce because most examples would have been sacrificed to the smith’s ever-ready melting pot. One such object, a finely preserved half-mould for a socketed axe (of the Plainseau family, with slight plastic imitation wings) is in the possession of the Noordbrabants Museum in ’s-Hertogenbosch. It was purchased by the museum in 1962, for the sum of 50 Dutch guilders, from a reputable Eindhoven antique dealer, Dirven, in that city. The museum records state only that it was found in the north of France or in Belgium. A not uninteresting part of the work of a researcher working on the Bronze Age is the tracking down of missing finds: for example, a half-mould for a socketed axe, said to have been found in the surroundings of Amiens, which was seen, described and (well) drawn by Henri Breuil before 1902. This half-mould was said to be part of a hoard of bronze implements, which included spearheads, pins and socketed axes. Also belonging to the hoard was a core (also of bronze) for casting socketed axes.
De Vendelhelm uit Hallum: wat doet deze helm in Friesland?
Authors: Nicolay Johan
Published: February 2020

The Vendel helmet from Hallum: What is this helmet doing in Friesland? The helmet with copper-alloy animal heads found at Hallum (province of Friesland), which was presented in two previous volumes of Paleo-aktueel, is here interpreted in its historical context. An attempt is made to explain what a Scandinavian-type Vendel helmet is doing at a terp site in present-day Friesland. Three options are discussed: (1) local manufacture in Friesland; (2) war booty from a military expedition in the North Sea area; and (3) a gift from a Scandinavian king to a Frisian warrior who had undertaken an adventurous journey to central Denmark or Sweden. Option 1 is seen as unlikely, because Scandinavian-style helmets from England are executed in a style that is local to the region, as is Scandinavian-style jewellery from Friesland. Option 2 is seen as more probable, although no other Vendel helmet is recorded for the North Sea area, where military expeditions from Friesland are expected to have taken place. Option 3 is seen as the most probable: a Frisian warrior – like Beowulf – undertook an adventurous journey to central Denmark or Sweden, was rewarded with a Vendel helmet, and brought this helmet back to his homeland. Although the further history of the helmet cannot be reconstructed, an additional fastening hole in the lower part of each of the animal heads is proof that these mounts were removed at some point, probably to be attached to a new helmet. In this way, the mounts referred to the deeds of an adventurous Frisian warrior predecessor, whose fame now supported a young warrior in his quest to prove himself.
Maken en handelen: Merovingische kralen uit het Sittard-Kemperkoul grafveld geanalyseerd
Authors: Huisman Hans , Aarts Marion , Kars Mirjam , Mulder Fardau , Ngan-Tillard Dominique , van Os Bertil
Published: February 2020

Making and trading: An analysis of Merovingian beads from the Sittard-Kemperkoul burial ground. Chemical analyses and micro-CT scanning were used to analyse a set of c. 725 glass beads from a single Merovingian burial (number 11) in the Sittard-Kemperkoul burial ground (Sittard-Geleen, province of Limburg). Chemical analyses of the small, opaque, yellow beads that make up the majority of the collection showed that they were, in fact, not made of glass. Rather, they were made by fusing a lead-tin-based yellow colourant with quartz. For black beads, iron was added to this mixture. The other beads were made from glass – probably of re-used Roman origin – with various colourants. The micro-CT scans provided an unrivalled image of the various manufacturing techniques that were used to make the more complex, polychrome beads.
Diversidad de musgos del bosque nublado de la Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca
Authors: Hernández-Rodríguez Enrique , Aguirre Hidalgo Victor
Published: February 2020

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El bosque nublado de la Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca, presenta el mayor nivel de conservación y es el más grande en términos de extensión en México. Los musgos son un componente clave de la flora del bosque nublado y desempeñan funciones ecológicas importantes. Sin embargo, la composición y diversidad de musgos de esta región continúan siendo desconocidas. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar la composición florística y estimar la diversidad α y β de musgos del bosque nublado de la Sierra Juárez.
Métodos: La composición florística de musgos del bosque nublado, ubicado dentro del municipio Santiago Comaltepec, Oaxaca, fue evaluada a través de ocho sitios de muestreo. Además, se estimó la diversidad α y β de este grupo florístico. Los análisis fueron realizados para todas las especies, así como para los gremios de especies terrestres y epífitas.
Resultados clave: Se registraron 102 especies de musgos, agrupadas en 64 géneros y 32 familias. De dichas especies, 13 son nuevos registros para el estado. Las familias más diversas fueron Leucobryaceae y Orthotrichaceae. Los géneros con el mayor número de especies fueron Syrrhopodon, Campylopus, Fissidens, Macromitrium y Pogonatum. En este estudio se reporta una alta diversidad α y β de musgos con un patrón similar entre los musgos de los gremios terrestre y epífito.
Conclusiones: El bosque nublado de la Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca, es un ecosistema con una alta diversidad de musgos y gran posibilidad de incrementar los registros para el estado. Con base en los análisis de diversidad estimada, se hace evidente la necesidad de continuar estudios básicos a nivel microambiente sobre uno de sus componentes más característicos.
Evaluation of Gene Variants in TGFB1, SERPINF1 and MEPE in a Spanish Family Affected by Otosclerosis and Tinnitus
Authors: Álvarez Francisco J. , García Pedro , Alonso Jesús , Álvarez Santiago
Published: February 2020

Otosclerosis (OTSC) is a common type of deafness affecting up to 0.4 % of Caucasians. Its familial form is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, although to this date, no definitive cause for OTSC has been found. In the development of OTSC, three recent genetic association studies have suggested the participation of particular point mutations and small indels in the TGFB1, SERPINF1, and MEPE genes. Consequently, replicative studies are needed to confirm the role of the proposed mutations in OTSC patients. The goal of this study was to test the presence of the candidate variants described in the genes TGFB1, SERPINF1, and MEPE in a new case of familial OTSC with seven affected individuals. DNA was extracted from saliva samples of a Spanish family with several members affected by OTSC. PCR amplified target regions of some candidate genes, and the products were purified, Sanger-sequenced, and analyzed in silico. The family subject of the study did not carry the candidate variants for OTSC described in the genes TGFB1, SERPINF1, and MEPE, although it cannot be ruled out the involvement of other mutations in genes related to their same signaling pathways. This result highlights the importance of performing replicative studies for complex diseases, such as OTCS, in families of diverse origins. Additionally, a significant association of subjective tinnitus with OTSC has been found in this family, although the link between the two pathologies should be studied further.
The micro RNAs in human pathology: clinical utility and translational approach
Authors: Vélez Jorge Luis , Morocho Pablo , Montalvo Mario , Aguayo Santiago , Vélez Pablo Andrés , Velarde Gustavo , Jara Fernando , Paz y Miño Cesar
Published: February 2020

In human clinics, pathologies as diverse as cancer, sepsis, autoimmune diseases, among others; of different etiology and a different pathophysiological behavior, converge in a failure of gene repression that allows the phenotypic expression of the disease; The possibility of having a biological marker that shows these events to the clinician is desirable since it would allow early diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Micro RNAs are small and non-coding RNAs that fulfill that “genetic silencing” role, however, the step from basic research to clinical applicability, that is, their translational utility is still little diffused in specialties other than oncology. The objective of this review is to explain in a more precise way.
Laboratory scale evaluation of Effective Microorganisms in the control of odor of organic waste from a market in the city of Riobamba, Ecuador
Authors: Calderón-Tapia Cristina , Montero-Calderón Abigail , Núñez-Moreno María , Pazmiño-Arias Esteban
Published: February 2020

Inadequate waste management and poor storage conditions are a problem that still affects the population and environment. In the city of Riobamba (Chimborazo, Ecuador) some people feel affected by odor pollution generated by the accumulation of waste in landfills near to markets, corners, and public places. For minimizing this problem, the present work analyzed the potential odor reduction of organic waste from a market located in Riobamba, using Effective Microorganisms: Lactobacillus plantarum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Streptomyces albus, and Aspergillus oryzae. Four combinations of cocktails were formed subsequent to evaluating the antagonism of microbial strains. The odor sensory evaluation was carried out by 40 people using the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers odor scale, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, and color were measured in the treatment which reached imperceptible odor intensity. In this way, the cocktail formed by the four strains of Effective Microorganisms presents a reduction in the values ​​of the physicochemical parameters of the leachate compared to the sample without the microorganisms, and furthermore, that cocktail controls bad smell produced by the decomposition of organic matter. Therefore, the application of Effective Microorganism opens up a possibility for the treatment of organic waste within local garbage collection stations.
Touraine-Solente-Gole Syndrome. (Primary paquidermoperiostosis). Two case report
Authors: Mengana Medina Martha , Frómeta Guerra Adonis , Fuentes Liens Eduardo Enrique , Sánchez Figueredo Sandra Amalia
Published: February 2020

Two cases occur in the same family (siblings) of 30 and 16 years of age with a diagnosis of primary pachydermoperiostosis or Touraine-Solente-Goulé Syndrome (TSG), an uncommon condition, characterized by pachydermia, periostosis and pachydactyly, which can be idiopathic, with onset at puberty, of genetic origin, autosomal dominant transmission.
These brothers come to the internal medicine office of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes hospital complaining of joint pain with skin and osteoarticular manifestations, consulting with the dermatology service considering the diagnosis of this rare syndrome and conducting relevant studies and after its conclusion makes the clinical report for publication because it is the first case reported in our province.
Circadian Rhythms in the Telephone Calls of Older Adults: Observational Descriptive Study
Authors: Aubourg Timothée , Demongeot Jacques , Provost Hervé , Vuillerme Nicolas
Published: February 2020

Background

Recent studies have thoughtfully and convincingly demonstrated the possibility of estimating the circadian rhythms of young adults’ social activity by analyzing their telephone call-detail records (CDRs). In the field of health monitoring, this development may offer new opportunities for supervising a patient’s health status by collecting objective, unobtrusive data about their daily social interactions. However, before considering this future perspective, whether and how similar results could be observed in other populations, including older ones, should be established.

Objective

This study was designed specifically to address the circadian rhythms in the telephone calls of older adults.

Methods

A longitudinal, 12-month dataset combining CDRs and questionnaire data from 26 volunteers aged 65 years or older was used to examine individual differences in the daily rhythms of telephone call activity. The study used outgoing CDRs only and worked with three specific telecommunication parameters: (1) call recipient (alter), (2) time of day, and (3) call duration. As did the studies involving young adults, we analyzed three issues: (1) the existence of circadian rhythms in the telephone call activity of older adults, (2) their persistence over time, and (3) the alter-specificity of calls by calculating relative entropy.

Results

We discovered that older adults had their own specific circadian rhythms of outgoing telephone call activity whose salient features and preferences varied across individuals, from morning until night. We demonstrated that rhythms were consistent, as reflected by their persistence over time. Finally, results suggested that the circadian rhythms of outgoing telephone call activity were partly structured by how older adults allocated their communication time across their social network.

Conclusions

Overall, these results are the first to have demonstrated the existence, persistence, and alter-specificity of the circadian rhythms of the outgoing telephone call activity of older adults. These findings suggest an opportunity to consider modern telephone technologies as potential sensors of daily activity. From a health care perspective, these sensors could be harnessed for unobtrusive monitoring purposes.
Cannabis and Illicit Drug Use During Neurodevelopment and the Associated Structural, Functional and Cognitive Outcomes: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Debenham Jennifer , Newton Nicola , Birrell Louise , Yücel Murat , Lees Briana , Champion Katrina
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

High rates of cannabis and illicit drug use are experienced by young people during the final stages of neurodevelopment (aged 15-24 years), a period characterized by high neuroplasticity. Frequent drug use during this time may interfere with neurophysiological and neuropsychological development pathways, potentially leading to ongoing unfavorable neuroadaptations. The dose-response relationship between illicit drug use, exposure, and individual neurodevelopmental variation is unknown but salient with global shifts in the legal landscape and increasingly liberal attitudes and perceptions of the harm caused by cannabis and illicit drugs.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to synthesize longitudinal studies that investigate the effects of illicit drug use on structural, functional, and cognitive brain domains in individuals under the neural age of adulthood (25 years). This protocol outlines prospective methods that will facilitate an exhaustive review of the literature exploring pre- and post-drug use brain abnormalities arising during neurodevelopment.

METHODS

Five electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, ProQuest Central, and Web of Science) will be systematically searched between 1990 and 2019. The search terms will be a combination of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), with keywords adapted to each database. Study reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and if relevant, study quality will be assessed using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Eligible studies are those that sampled youth exposed to cannabis or illicit drugs and employed neurophysiological or neuropsychological assessment techniques. Studies will be excluded if participants had been clinically diagnosed with any psychiatric, neurological, or pharmacological condition.

RESULTS

This is an ongoing review. As of February 2020, papers are in full-text screening, with results predicted to be complete by July 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

Integrating data collected on the three brain domains will enable an assessment of the links between structural, functional, and cognitive brain health across individuals and may support the early detection and prevention of neurodevelopmental harm.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42020151442; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=151442

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/18349
Technology-Based Interventions in Oral Anticoagulation Management: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Zheng Caiyun , Dai Hengfen , Lin Chun , Zhang Yan , Zhang Hong , Chen Fan , Liu Yunchun , Xiao Jingwen , Chen Chaoxin
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

An increasing number of patients have received prophylactic or therapeutic oral anticoagulants (OACs) for thromboembolic complications of diseases. The use of OACs is associated with both clinical benefits and risks. Considering the challenges imposed by this class of drugs, as well as the enormous progress made in portable device technology, it is possible that technology-based interventions may improve clinical benefits for patients and optimize anticoagulation management.

OBJECTIVE

This study was designed to comprehensively evaluate the role of technology-based interventions in the management of OACs.

METHODS

We searched 6 databases—PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, and PsycINFO—to retrieve relevant studies published as of November 1, 2019, to evaluate the effect of technology-based interventions on oral anticoagulation management. RevMan (version 5.3; Cochrane) software was used to evaluate and analyze clinical outcomes. The methodological quality of studies was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool.

RESULTS

A total of 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected for analysis. They reported data for 2218 patients (1110 patients in the intervention groups and 1108 patients in the control groups). A meta-analysis was performed on the effectiveness and safety data reported in the RCTs. Technology-based interventions significantly improved the effectiveness of oral anticoagulation management (mean difference [MD]=6.07; 95% CI 0.84-11.30; I2=72%; P=.02). The safety of oral anticoagulation management was also improved, but the results were not statistically significant. Bleeding events were reduced (major bleeding events MD=1.02; 95% CI 0.78-1.32; I2=0%; P=.90; minor bleeding events MD=1.06, 95% CI 0.77-1.44; I2=41%; P=.73) and thromboembolism events were reduced (MD=0.71; 95% CI 0.49-1.01; I2=0%; P=.06). In general, patients were more satisfied with technology-based interventions, which could also improve their knowledge of anticoagulation management, improve their quality of life, and reduce mortality and hospitalization events.

CONCLUSIONS

Using technology to manage OACs can improve the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulation management, result in higher patient satisfaction, and allow greater understanding of anticoagulation.
Kualitas Struktur Tanah di Setiap Bentuklahan di DAS Kaliwungu
Authors: Sukmawijaya Adhera , Sartohadi Junun
Published: February 2020

Pengelolaan tanah untuk pertanian yang berkelanjutan perlu untuk memeperhatikan 2 hal, yaitu bentuklahan dan tanah. Faktor tanah yang perlu diperhatikan adalah struktur tanah. Penelitian yang fokus pada bentuklahan, struktur tanah, dan implikasinya pada pengelolan belum pernah dilakukan di DAS Kaliwungu. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur tanah pada setiap bentuklahan sebagai dasar untuk pengelolaan tanah yang berkelanjutan. Kualitas struktur tanah ditentukan dari observasi profil tanah pada setiap bentuklahan. Identifikasi bentuklahan dilakukan berdasarkan pengumpulan data dari Kendaraan Nirawak. Viusal Evaluation of Subsoil Strucutre (SubVESS) digunakan untuk menentukan kualitas struktur tanah berdasarkan karakteristik struktur tanah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa area penelitian memiliki kualitas struktur tanah yang baik dengan mayoritas nilai kualitas strutktur tanah yang berkisan antara Ssq 1-3. Tidak diperlukan adanya perubahan dalam pengelolaan tanah pada area kajian.Soil management for sustainable agriculture needs to focus on 2 things, which are landform and soil. Soil factor that needs to be focused on is soil structure. The study that focused on landform, soil structure and its implication on soil management has never been done in Kaliwungu Watershed. This research aims to analyze soil structure on every landform as the basis to determine sustainable soil management. Soil structure quality was determine by soil profile observation on every landform. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photographic data was used to identify each landform. Visual Evaluation of Subsoil Structure (SubVESS) was used to identify the quality of soil structure based on its characteristic. The result shows that study area has a good soil structure quality with the majority of soil layer has a good soil structure quality (Ssq 1-3). There is no need to change in soil management is needed.
PIPELINE PROGRAM CDM DI INDONESIA: SEBUAH PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN UNTUK INDUSTRI PERTAMBANGAN
Authors: Adiansyah Joni Safaat
Published: February 2020

Climate change is one of the world’s problems that must be dealt; the failure in tackling climate change will impact on increasing the earth temperature and endanger the archipelago countries including Indonesia. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the Kyoto Protocol mechanisms designed to mitigate climate change. Indonesia is one of the countries that meets the requirement as the host of CDM program and has set up the target to reduce GHG emissions as much as 26 percent in year 2020. The industrial sector has opportunities to engage actively in reducing GHG emission including mining industry.  The objectives of this research are to find out the potency of mining company’s involvement in climate change mitigation efforts particularly through CDM. In addition, the research of method that is chosen is literature study including reviewing data relating to CDM and with qualitative approached. The result shows that mining industry has a potency to involve actively in CDM program, among others, through energy efficiency, fuel substitution, renewable energy, Coal Bed Methane and the handling of critical lands through afforestation and reforestation scheme. Furthermore, by using Business as Usual assumption, the linier  regression that is produced y=27.255.x + 12.711 therefore  It is estimated that about 15 Mt CO2-e (assuming 4 percent reduction) needs to be derived from the energy sector in 2020 that can be taken as an opportunity for the mining industry as well.
EFEK APLIKASI SERICIN PADA HIDROKSIAPATIT TERHADAP PERLEKATAN SEL OSTEOBLAS
Authors: Sunarintyas Siti , Yustisia Yeni , Tontowi Alva Edy
Published: February 2020

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is often used as a human bone graft. Modification of HA surface is developed to increase osseointegration process which is influenced by cells attachment surrounded the tissue. Sericin has polar side groups which accelerate cells attachment. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of sericin application over HA surface on the attachment of osteoblast cells. The research used HA synthesized from gypsum (Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta). Sericin was extracted from silkworm cocoons of Bombyx mori. Sericin of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1% were applied over HA discs surface (10 mm in diameter, 3 mm thick). The discs were inserted into osteoblast cells culture of MC3T3E1 for attachment test. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and LSD. The result showed that the amount of osteoblast cells attached to HA (7.60±0.42) was significantly difference (p<0.05) with HA + sericin 0.01% (10.30±0.52), HA + sericin 0.5% (10.63±0.70), HA + sericin 0.1% (10.67±0.87). Variation of sericin concentrations applied over HA did not influence any significant difference on the amount of cells attachment (p>0.05). In conclusion, sericin application over HA surface increased the amount of osteoblast cells attachment. Concentrations of sericin application over HA (0.01, 0.05, 0.1%) did not influence osteoblast cells attachment.
DESIGN OF ERGONOMIC CHAIR FOR GRINDING OPERATION
Authors: Emaputra Andrean , Hidayat Taufik , Susilo Gunawan Budi
Published: February 2020

One of essential production activities is grinding process. This process mainly involves the constant activity of eroding a surface to be smoother or more evenly, cutting a workpiece, creating profiles like angles and arches, sharpening a cutting tool, and finishing a final product. Meanwhile, there is no study evaluating the risk levels of workers working on grinding, and there is no unique chair specifically designed for the process. Therefore, this study aims to assess the risk levels of a grinding worker and to propose the design of an ergonomic chair that is adjustable, comfortable, durable, and keen to be used. The risk levels of the grinding workers were evaluated using REBA, while the ergonomic chair design was based on anthropometric data taken from 4 grinding workers in Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The researchers selected a buttock-popliteal length (seat depth), lower leg length (popliteal height) and hip breadth sitting as anthropometric measures to make a chair design for the grinding operations. After that, the existing adjustable chair designs were also considered and evaluated to get better adjustable-ergonomic chair design for the grinding operations. The results show that it is important that the stakeholders improve most of the grinding operations of the workers, especially by using an ergonomic chair design for grinding operation that is adjustable, comfortable, durable, and reliable. The chair height can be adjusted from 361-414 mm to adapt with the users, and the variation in product height aims to prevent bending on the back. Finally, the grinding chair can reduce the risk level from the high and medium level to the low-risk levels of working postures.
Mapping of PGA Value Using PSA Method in West Halmahera Nort Maluku
Authors: Ningrum Rohima Wahyu , Suryanto Wiwit , Fauzi Hendra , Mei Estuning Tyas Wulan
Published: February 2020

The earthquake that occurred in the West Halmahera region was very detrimental, even though the human casualties were not very significant. But it will affect the stability and capacity of a region in terms of regional development. The mapping of earthquake-prone areas is carried out by a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) method to analyze soil movement parameters, namely Peak Ground Acceleration so that it can determine earthquake-prone areas in West Halmahera. The results of seismic hazard analysis show that the West Halmahera area is an area that is relatively prone to earthquake hazards because it is still strongly influenced by subduction (megathrust) earthquakes from the Philippine plate, Maluku sea and Sangihe. This is indicated by the value of earthquake acceleration on the Peak Ground Acceleration for the 500 year return period of around 0.38 - 3.69 g and 0.30 - 3.69 g for the 2500 year return period.
Pengaruh Desain Stent pada Jumlah Limfosit dan Trombosit Kelinci (Oryctolagus Cuniculus)
Authors: Siswomihardjo Widowati , Widyasrini Dyah Anindya , Arifianto Dinar , Budhi Setyo , Taufiq Nahar
Published: February 2020

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is an effective treatment for coronary artery diseases. For the procedure, a stent is put in the coronary arteries. There are a variety of stent materials and designs available on the market. The development of stents continues with the goal to reduce the risk of failure. The design and the ability of the stent as a vascular scaffold are important factors for the success of the stent. The implantation of a stent as a foreign body can lead to inflammation. In general, the inflammation is characterized by an increased number of lymphocytes. Then, platelets play a role in coordinating the occurrence of inflammation and immune response. This study aims to determine the effect of stent design on the number of lymphocytes and platelets as a marker of inflammation. The study was conducted on ten rabbits divided into two treatment groups, namely KP1 (new design stent) and KP2 (commercial stent) by placing a stent on the iliac artery. One hour before stenting, 2 ml of blood was collected in all experimental animals. Then, 2 ml of blood was collected again on the 7th and 28th day after stenting.  Data was collected based on the number of lymphocytes and platelets from all experimental animals. Statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA shows no significant difference (p> 0.05) on the number of lymphocytes and platelets between the two groups with different stent designs. It can be concluded that the design of a stent does not show a tendency to cause inflammation.
Janeway’s Immunobiology
Authors: Soesatyo Marsetyawan HNE
Published: February 2020

Buku teks imunologi sudah cukup banyak beredar di tanah air. Buku-buku tersebutmenguraikan tentang sistem dan mekanisme pertahanan tubuh dalam interaksinya denganlingkungan di luar tubuh yang penuh akan mikroba dan patogen penyebab infeksi.Pengetahuan imunologi tubuh manusia terus berkembang dengan cepat, luas, dan mendasar.Hal ini disebabkan karena dukungan pengetahuan lain yang terkait, baik aspek teoritismaupun teknik-teknik laboratoris canggih yang menyentuh aras selular dan molekular.Kemudian memunculkan temuan-temuan baru yang spektakuler, bahkan tidak jarangdengan bukti terbaru telah menggugurkan teori-teori lama. Setiap makluk hidup, khususnyamammalia termasuk manusia, sudah dilengkapi dengan sistem pertahanan tubuh sejak lahir,bahkan komponen-komponen penyusun dalam sistem imun tersebut sebagian sudah ada dandisiapkan sejak kehidupan intra-uterin. Imunitas seperti ini masuk dalam ranah ‘alamiah’atau ‘innate’, sementara imunitas tubuh yang terus berkembang mulai lahir sampai dewasadipengaruhi langsung oleh lingkungan sekelilingnya. Imunitas yang didapat ini termasukdalam ranah ‘adaptif’
METODE PENGENALAN POLA TRABEKULA MANDIBULA PADA RADIOGRAF PERIAPIKAL DIGITAL UNTUK DETEKSI DINI RISIKO OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Evrita Lusiana Utari Sri Lestari Dan
Published: February 2020

Osteoporosis is a sistemic skeletal disease. Osteoporosis examination using the gold standard determined byWHO, namely DEXA, is relatively expensive and the result can not show the bone microarchitecture. Meanwhile,the probability of advanced age women to visit a dentist is relatively high. If the condition of bone mass densitywhich indicate osteoporotic condition can be recognized from the trabecullar pattern of mandible, so the dentistcan participate in early detection of a patient having a risk of osteoporosis. The objective of this research is to getthe pattern recognition method which can be applied to digital periapical radiograph that characterize the bonemass density condition. Combination of Sobel’s edge detection with the binary image has been applied to the image,producing an image showing the mandible trabecullar pattern visually. Supported by fractal dimension value andfind local maxima in the binary image, the pattern can be better distinguished for each condition of osteoporosis,osteopenia, and normal. The value of fractal dimension and find maxima is positively correlated with the bonemass density.
MENGGUNAKAN SERANGGA UNTUK MEMAHAMI KEHIDUPAN
Authors: Martono Edhi
Published: February 2020

Serangga ternyata memiliki tempat yang sangat istimewa dalam ilmu pengetahuan.Kalau selama ini lebih banyak mengenalnya sebagai jasad pengganggu (Istilah pertaniandikenal sebagai OPT atau Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman dan Istilah kesehatan dikenalsebagai vektor pembawa penyakit), maka dalam ilmu pengetahuan secara lebih umumperan serangga bukan hanya sebagai penyebab kerugian dan kerusakan saja. Serangga amatbermanfaat atau berjasa kepada ilmu pengetahuan dalam menambah khazanah pemahamantentang jasad hidup dan berbagai interaksi yang terjadi pada jasad hidup, termasuk manusia.
Jurisdictions of the Hague Court
Authors: Pathak Bishnu
Published: February 2020

The objectives of the paper are threefold: a) to find out the axiomatic truths, investigating crimes committed in the past; b) to examine the steps of the trial to the perpetrators for accountability and to deliver justice to the victims without prejudice at present; and c) to foster peace, human security and harmony for not repeating crimes in future. This state-of-the-art paper is prepared based on archival literature review, exchanging and sharing, Rome Statute defined functions and a practical observation approach rather than theoretical conception. The Hague Court gathers and scrutinizes testimonies, questioning victims and witnesses and analyzes the shreds of evidence of a suspect’s innocent or guilty. The examination and investigation guided by Rome Statute jurisdiction shall initiate on five criteria: (i) State Party, (ii) Declaration of Acceptance, (iii) Situation Referring by the UNSC, (iv) Transnational Crimes and (v) Petition by Victim/Representative. As of December 2019, 123 countries have become the Member States to the Rome Statute, but China, Iraq, Israel, Libya, Qatar, USA and Yemen voted against the treaty. So far, the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) has opened official investigations for 12 situations and additional nine situations for preliminary examinations. The OTP closed seven situations: Gabon, Honduras, South Korea, Venezuela and Registered Vessels (Comoros, Greece, and Cambodia) from preliminary examinations. Till date, 45 suspected persons have been warranted by The Hague Court including the Presidents of Sudan, Kenya, Ivory and Libya. Out of 45 accused persons, proceedings against 50 per cent (22) have been completed. Four countries including South Africa and The Philippines have withdrawn from the Rome Statute. Burundi who has been the first country to refer the situation to the Court became the first nation to leave Statute. The case of Bangladesh/Myanmar is the newest one. Ukraine has accepted the jurisdiction of Statute but failed to ratify it. The longest length of the preliminary examination is holding by Afghanistan, but the Pre-Trial Chamber dismissed its report over the influence of the USA’s power and politics. Reparations against three rebel leaders, i.e., Thomas Lubanga, Germain Katanga and Ahmad Al Mahdi for victims were pronounced by The Hague Court. Warrants of arrest along with red corners notice are issued to four (two each from Libya and Sudan) suspected individuals. The Hague Court’s investigations should be evidence-based, not target-based unlike toing and froing of registered vessels of Comoros, Greece and Cambodia. The superior complexity of the Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda and advertisement of her photos in all official statements are to be ended.
TANTANGAN BERKARIER SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA LOKAL DI INDUSTRI PERHOTELAN SANUR
Authors: Sari Retno Juwita
Published: February 2020

From the analysis, it is found that there were still many challenges experienced by local communities in exploiting job opportunities, such as the incompatibility between labor qualifications required by the tourism industry and the capacity of local communities. The lack of capacity of human resources resulted from the low quality of education, the lack of knowledge and skills in the tourism industry, especially the hospitality, and the attitude and behavior or work ethic of the local community itself. The success or failure of cooperative relationship between the company and its human resources is inseparable from the role of desa adat. The role of desa adat here is to provide job-related information required by the company to assist the prospective workforce to obtain a job. The tourism sector is expected to build motivation and increase work productivity for the community in order to encourage the growth of the economic sector.
El intermedio y sus tiempos. Formas de circulación e impacto local de la invasión de México en el Pacífico Sur. Perú, Bolivia y Chile
Authors: Sánchez Barberán Matías
Published: February 2020

Este artículo aborda las modalidades de circulación y el impacto de la invasión de México en el Pacífico Sur. Poniendo el acento en las formas y tiempos de circulación y en la calidad de la información, defiende la idea según la cual la masa crítica de informaciones transita de un conjunto de argumentos dispares a la convicción que hace de México la punta de lanza de la defensa republicana en el Nuevo Mundo. Esta modificación tendencial de la opinión es la base sobre la que se articula la respuesta sud-pacífica. Su virulencia se debe a la persistencia, en ambos bordes del Atlántico, de un pensamiento político que ve en la monarquía el régimen político idóneo para el continente. Realizando estas transformaciones, el Pacífico-Sur se muestra capaz de comprender los riesgos monárquicos a la luz de sus propios debates locales. La cuestión mexicana muestra sí los trazos de una historia común.
Scoliosis, life style and low back pain in adolescents
Authors: Jandric Slavica , Kragulj Predrag
Published: February 2020

Background/Aim. Various internal and external factors could have an influence on the appearance of scoliosis and other postural disturbances in adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between scoliosis and other postural disturbances, physical activity, nutritional habits, as well as its association with comorbidities and age. Methods. This cross-sectional study involved 212 adolescents with the average age of 12.74 ? 1.34 years that were selected by a random selection of attended class of elementary school. A modified ?The Physical Activity and Postural Disturbance Test? was used for the study. For statistical analysis Pearson's test of correlation and linear regression were used to estimate the association between scoliosis and postural disturbances, age, and physical activity, nutritional habits and comorbidities in adolescents. Results. It was shown that there was a statistically significant association between scoliosis and age (r = 0.228, p < 0.05), a significant negative correlation with lordosis (r = -0.207, p < 0.05) and a statistically significant positive correlation between scoliosis and flatfoot (r = 0.279, p < 0.01), metatarsus varus (r = 0, 2, p < 0.05) and low back pain (r = 0.304, p < 0.05). The results of linear regression with the scoliosis, as a dependent variable, and low back pain and other diseases as independent variables have shown that low back pain was significantly associated with scoliosis (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Scoliosis in adolescents is significantly associated with age and postural disturbances, especially with foot postural disturbances, as well as with low back pain.