bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of cold-deformed powder materials 12Cr18Ni10Ti AND AlSi10Mg obtained by selective laser melting
Authors: Boshkanets D. А. , Sergeenko S. N.
Published: November 2024

The article considers a combined technology which mixes selective laser melting (SLM) and longitudinal rolling of powder materials 12Cr18Ni10Ti and AlSi10Mg. The objective of the work is to experimentally establish the regularities of pressure treatment on the mechanical characteristics of the obtained SLM materials, namely on hardness and bending strength. A literature review was prepared, based on the information from which a batch of test samples were made from powders of stainless steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti and aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg. Pressure treatment of the resulting samples was performed using longitudinal rolling technology. The assessment of the high-altitude deformation of the 12Cr18Ni10Ti alloy samples was carried out using true (logarithmic) high-altitude deformation. The morphology of the raw materials was studied using an electron microscope. The mechanical properties of the materials were assessed by HRB hardness and bending strength. The results of radial compression tests on annular samples manufactured under similar technological parameters were analyzed additionally. Based on the results of the analysis, the dependence between stress and deformation was established, where for AlSi10Mg there is a smooth shape change under load, and for 12Cr18Ni10Ti there is a critical stress, at which an increase in deformation dynamics is observed. Scanning electron microscopy of the fractures of the AlSi10Mg material showed a more homogeneous structure of the rolled sample compared to the sample in the initial state, which is evidence of the positive effect of pressure treatment (within certain limits) on the density of the AlSi10Mg material obtained by the SLM method. Based on the results of the researches, a hypothesis about the interdependence of high-altitude deformation and hardness of the cold-deformed material 12Cr18Ni10Ti obtained by SLM was formulated and confirmed by the results of experiments. The bending strength limit of the AlSi10Mg powder material was established and the maximum bending loads for the 12Cr18Ni10Ti alloy was fixed. The dependences between stress and deformation of materials under radial compression and bending are shown. It has been found that longitudinal rolling of 12X18H10T powder material helps to reduce the resistance to bending force, but at the same time the hardness and elastic properties increase.
Emissiveness of technical cadmium and zinc
Authors: Kosenkov D. V. , Sagadeev V. V.
Published: November 2024

The results of an experimental study of the normal integral and normal spectral emissivity of technical cadmium and zinc are presented. The choice of the objects of study was due to the lack of literature data on the emissivity of these metals in the open press. The measurements were carried out by the absolute radiation method in an inert gas atmosphere. The results of the change in the intensity of the normal integral emissivity depending on the temperature with the fixation of the surge in the phase transition region are obtained. The normal spectral emissivity of solid polished metals in the melting region was investigated from 0.26 to 10.6 μm. A computational experiment was conducted using the Foote and Drude approximations.
Estimation of mixing enthalpy of the liquid Sn-Ag-Cu system at 1423 K from data on the properties of binary subsystems using geometric models of solutions
Authors: Bykov А. S. , Oleinik К. I.
Published: November 2024

The article considers the estimation of mixing enthalpy ΔНmix of the Sn-Ag-Cu ternary system melts at a temperature of 1423 K from the calorimetric data on the mixing enthalpy of binary subsystems Ag-Cu, Ag-Sn and Cu-Sn measured earlier. The geometric models by Toop, Kohler and Muggianu, where binary data is jointly processed in each case according to a specific mathematical procedure, were applied to the ΔНmix assessment. The results of calculations by these models are presented by the compositional dependences of ΔНmix of the ternary system in the form of 3D surfaces, projections of these surfaces onto the plane of the compositional triangle, as well as isotherms plotted for individual quasi-binary sections. It was found that modeling using the Kohler’s and Muggianu’s methods gives insignificantly different results, whereas the values of the mixing enthalpy of ternary compositions in the Toop’s model are noticeably more immersed into the negative (exothermic) region. As it is known from the scientific literature, the right choice of a geometric model depends on whether the ternary system under study belongs to a “symmetric” or “asymmetric” type. The shape of the available ΔНmix isotherms of binary subsystems indicates that the Sn-Ag-Cu system is “asymmetric”. The results calculated using the Toop’s model are recognized as the most correct ones, since that model is recommended in the literature for describing “asymmetric” systems. The common limitation of all geometric models, considering only binary interparticle interactions, and the advisability of extra experimental study of three-component melts formation to reveal the possible contribution of ternary interactions to the mixing enthalpy are noted.
Options for Implementation of IR Thermography Diagnostics in a Tokamak with Reactor Technologies TRT
Authors: Razdobarin A. G. , Shubin Y. R. , Bogachev D. L. , Elets D. I. , Medvedev O. S. , Mukhin E. E. , Snigirev L. A.
Published: November 2024

AbstractOptions for implementing the IR thermography diagnostic system in a TRT facility are considered. Two variants of the optical scheme for measuring the temperature of the first wall and divertor targets are proposed: a wide-angle system combined with two divertor channels and a four-channel viewing system. The optical resolution of both systems and the levels of the collected signal are numerically simulated. On the basis of the calculations performed, conclusions are drawn about the compliance of the systems with the requirements for measuring the temperature of TRT plasma-facing elements. The sources of the temperature measurement error are considered, and the error caused by the reflection of radiation from structural plasma-facing elements by the surface under study is estimated. Calibration issues for IR thermography diagnostics are also discussed.
Adsorption of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Gag Polyprotein on Lipid Membranes: a Study by the Inner Field Compensation Method
Authors: Denieva Z. G. , Makrinsky K. I. , Ermakov Yu. A. , Batishchev O. V.
Published: November 2024

The Gag polyprotein is the main structural protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is responsible for the assembly of new viral particles in the infected cell. This process occurs on the plasma membrane of the cell and is largely regulated by the interactions of Gag with the lipid matrix of the cell membrane. In this work, using the inner field compensation method and electrokinetic measurements of the zeta potential in a liposome suspension, we studied the binding of the HIV non-myristoylated Gag polyprotein to model lipid membranes. To quantify protein affinity for charged and uncharged lipid bilayers, Gag adsorption isotherms were obtained and binding constants were calculated. It has been shown that this protein is able to interact with both types of membranes with approximately the same binding constants (KPC = 8 × 106 M–1 and KPS = 3 × 106 M–1). However, the presence of the anionic lipid phosphatidylserine in the lipid bilayer significantly enhances protein adsorption on the membrane due to the additional influence of the surface potential jump it creates near the membrane (KPSeff = 37.2 × 106 M–1). Thus, the interaction of Gag with membranes is determined rather by hydrophobic interactions and the area per lipid molecule, while the presence of a negative surface charge only increases the concentration of the positively charged protein near the membrane.
Preparation and Characterization of Bio-Fibre Based on the Biological Properties of Bougainvillaea, Loofah, and Aloe Vera
Authors:   Chakrabongse Bhuvanarth International College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Bangkok, Thailand, Liu Lian , Daoruang Krisada ,   Chakrabongse Bhuvanarth International College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Bangkok, Thailand, Sankaburanurak Atiyot ,   Faculty of Fine Arts, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: November 2024

This study is based on environmental sustainability and aims to explore the preparation and evaluation of biodegradable bio-fibre materials using discarded bougainvillaea, loofah, and aloe. After sorting and analyzing the existing literature, it is found that research on bougainvillaea, loofah, and aloe primarily focuses on environmental science, horticulture, biology, light industry, and pharmacy, while research on bio-fabric combining bougainvillaea, loofah, and aloe in two or three combinations remains unexamined. This study adopts both observational and experimental methods to identify candidate varieties suitable for natural dyeing by observing the characteristics of bougainvillaea and by preparing and testing bio-fibre materials through experimentation. Notably, the beet pigment found in bougainvillaea serves as a natural dye, the α-cellulose and hemicellulose in loofah sponge provide strong hydrophilicity, and the caffeic acid and rhamnolipids in aloe exhibit antioxidant and antibacterial properties, thereby improving the fabric’s safety. Experimental results and final bio fibre performance tests indicate that fibres made from these three plants have a stable internal structure, abrasion resistance of over 30,000 cycles, colour fastness concentrated at level 4, and a contact angle of less than 90°, thereby showing good stability, abrasion resistance, colour fastness, and hydrophilicity. Consequently, this study finds that bio-fibres prepared from bougainvillaea, loofah, and aloe demonstrate promising performance and are expected to contribute to the development of sustainable fibres in the future.
TRANSDISCIPLINARY ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND RESEARCH MODEL
Authors: Ertas A. , Tanik M. M. , Maxwell T. T.
Published: November 2024

Since the medievel times the critical leading role of science has been a) to challenge the entrenched conceptions of human reason and b) to introduce new methods of investigation for deeper understanding of nature of things. Once again a scientists, critical thinkers, and engineers are indtroducing new notions in the transdisciplinary arena from which new generation of intellectual and physical analysis and synthesis tools and techniques will be produced.These tools and techniques will take the form in which science, engineering, and management notions would be fused into a unified transdisciplinary entities. These developments in integrated design and process science would in turn, once again, transform the human scene beyond recognition.
Between Tradition and Science: Education in the Naval Architecture Through the Eyes of Duhamel du Monceau
Authors: Tacchella Claudia
Published: November 2024

During the 18th century, shipbuilding underwent a development that initially had an influence not much in the practice as in the methodology concerning the teaching of the discipline. In this context, France was the first European naval power to develop a scholastic system that was going to deeply change the figures linked to shipbuilding. Henri Louis Duhamel du Monceau was a pioneer in this field, since he understood the importance of a scientific approach in shipbuilding, so much to promote the establishment of a naval school in Paris, in 1741, which later became known as École des ingénieurs-constructeurs (1765). Duhamel’s contribution to the subject was so significant that he wrote one of the first texts completely dedicated to the students of this school, titled Les Éléments de l’architecture navale (1752). This work is of interest as it sheds light on the subjects studied by the first generation of ‘ingénieurs-constructeurs’. Among those pages, it is possible to appreciate the birth of the scientific method and the remnants of the traditional constructive art, so deeply rooted in European shipbuilding, and thus, to immerse in the origins of European naval science. Indeed, this work shows the reader the two different aspects of education. On one hand, the work contains chapters capable of vividly showing the traditional techniques used in French shipbuilding at the time, and on the other hand, elements that introduce and address the issue of predicting results of a new ship a priori, a forerunner concept of the modern project. Through an analysis of this text, it will, therefore, be possible to delve into the origins of European naval science.
Numerical Assessment of the Drainage Capacity of a RoPax Vessel in the Garage Deck in Calm Water and Irregular Waves
Authors: Acanfora Maria , Pennino Silvia , Scamardella Filippo
Published: November 2024

RoPax vessels are designed for transporting passengers, vehicles and cargo, ensuring comfort and safety. The absence of transversal subdivisions poses significant risks in case of garage deck flooding, affecting ship stability and deck structure loads. This paper introduces a fast numerical method to study the drainage capacity of a RoPax vessel’s garage deck using a passive drainage system (scuppers only) during firefighting scenarios. The drainage system’s effectiveness is simulated in calm water and irregular waves using a hybrid non-linear model, considering two scupper configurations with varying dimensions and positions. Results suggest that placing more scuppers at the stern improves drainage efficiency. The analysis of the results can provide general support for the design of passive drainage systems.
On the Application of the Isogeometric Approach to a Ship’s Structural Member
Authors: Chianese Claudia , Acanfora Maria , Coppola Tommaso , Altosole Marco
Published: November 2024

Isogeometric Analysis (IgA) is an emerging numerical procedure conceived as a useful advancement of the traditional Finite Element Method (FEM). The essence of IgA is to bridge the current communication gap between Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) modules by employing high-order smooth spline basis functions both for geometry modelling and the construction of the solution space of analysis. As such, the method enables major benefits, namely a simplified pre-processing workflow and enhanced accuracy per degree of freedom associated with the capability of by-passing the time-consuming mesh creation stage and preserving exact geometry regardless of grid refinement. Furthermore, a user’s prerogative of selecting bases with adequate interelement continuity allows for a direct discretization of high-order differential operators, thereby avoiding stress recovery algorithms at the patch level during post-processing. In this contribution, the isogeometric approach is introduced to the detailed analysis of a ship’s structural member. In this regard, an in-house MatLab code has been developed for the structural assessment of linearly elastic isotropic continua, defined by either one or multiple NURBS patches. Within the IgA framework, the displacement approach of the mechanical problem is treated in its equivalent weak form and the obtained variational statement is discretized by means of an isogeometric Navier solid element formulation. Patch tests, involving in-plane loaded steel plates, are preliminarily performed to verify the accuracy of the numerical prediction, delivered by the present code, with respect to its analytical counterpart. A typical T-beam with associated plating is then analysed under uniform loading. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach can be recommended for engineering practice.
Anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective properties of Elbona® and ELTUFLOP® BIO drug products — results of an experimental study
Authors:   Scientific Center of Clinical Metabolomics, Genetics and Pharmacology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kukes I.V. , Kamchatnov P.R. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   V.M. Buyanov City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Chugunov A.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Research Institute of Public Health Organization and Medical Management, Moscow, Russian Federation, Malashenko N.D. ,   N.V. Sklifosovskiy Research Institute for Emergency Medical Aid, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kazakov A.Yu. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Aim: to conduct an experimental evaluation of action comparability of Symptomatic Slow Acting Drugs for Osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) (bioactive
concentrate from small marine fish-containing products and glucosamine products).
Materials and Methods: the study was performed on 70 rats. To simulate arthritis, type II collagen and an incomplete Freund's adjuvant (1:1)
were administered. ELTUFLOP® BIO drug products or two bioactive concentrate from small marine fish-containing products (Product 1 / Pr1
and Product 2 / Pr2), Elbona® or a glucosamine product (Pr3) were administered for 14 days dating back to the arthritis simulation beginning.
Cytokines (i. e., tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α] and interleukin [IL] 6) were assayed in the blood serum. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 9,
MMP-2, malondialdehyde (MDA), and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) were assayed in the hind limb joint homogenate. The results were
compared with those in falsely operated animals and negative controls who did not receive the drug products.
Results: ELTUFLOP®BIO efficiency in animals with experimental arthritis is comparable with that of Pr1, and it surpasses Pr2 in terms of an
inhibitory effect on inflammation (decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels), cartilage resorption (reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels), apoptosis (AIF
concentration), and oxidative stress (MDA level). Improved levels of biochemical markers were accompanied by the clinical improvement (in
particular, reduced edema severity). Glucosamine-containing drug products (Elbona® and Pr3) demonstrated a comparable activity level.
Conclusion: the results offer a possibility to consider ELTUFLOP® BIO and Elbona® drug products as a long-term therapy for chronic
musculoskeletal pain syndromes associated with osteoarthritis of various localization.
KEYWORDS: arthritis, Eltuflop Bio, glucosamine, Elbona, chondroitin sulfate, treatment, SYSADOA.
FOR CITATION: Kukes I.V., Kamchatnov P.R., Chugunov A.V., Malashenko N.D., Kazakov A.Yu. Anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective
properties of Elbona® and ELTUFLOP® BIO drug products — results of an experimental study. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(10):568–575
(in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-10-4
Multiple meningiomas (case report)
Authors:   Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation, Starikova N.L. , Bystrova O.V. ,   Academician E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation, Kornilovich A.A. ,   Perm Territorial Clinical VA Hospital, Perm, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

Meningiomas, extracerebral tumors of the dura mater, are the most common tumors of the nervous system (i.e., 15% of all the intracranial
neoplasms and 30–35% of central nervous system tumors). Multiple meningiomas are 1–10% of all the meningioma cases. This disease
is more common in elderly patients (average age of the first meningioma detection is about 55 years), and it represents a major issue for
diagnosis and management selection. Both sporadic meningiomatosis cases and a family history of autosomal dominant meningiomatosis
are reported. A number of meningiomas per a patient can vary from 2–5 to ≥50; they can be located supratentorially, infratentorially and
throughout the spinal canal. Multiple meningiomas have a negative effect on the disease prognosis. According to available data, each newly
detected lesion leads to a progressive decrease in a survival rate. The paper presents a brief literature review on diagnosis and treatment of
multiple meningiomas, as well as clinical observation of a young patient with sequentially detected multiple meningiomas (12 lesions) localized
intracranially and throughout the spinal canal and mutation in the SMARCE1 gene.
KEYWORDS: multiple meningiomas, meningiomatosis, sporadic meningiomatosis, diagnosis, disease management.
FOR CITATION: Starikova N.L., Bystrova O.V., Kornilovich A.A. Multiple meningiomas (case report). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(10):582–
586 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-10-6
Metabolic medicine
Authors:   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dreval A.V. , Nechaeva O.A. ,   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dreval O.A. ,   M.F. Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Britvin T.A. ,   M.F. Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gabrielyan A.R. ,   N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2024

This review article initiates a series focused on metabolic medicine, a field that has yet to receive adequate attention within the domestic medical
education system. The primary aim of this series is to demonstrate the prospects in understanding metabolic diseases and contemporary
treatment modalities, with particular emphasis on those intersecting with endocrinology. The review defines metabolic medicine, explores its
historical evolution, and outlines its principal trajectories. It also addresses the specialization within metabolic medicine, discussing the potential
benefits this knowledge holds for various medical specialists. Furthermore, the article examines the treatment methodologies for prevalent and
socially significant conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, through the lens of metabolic medicine. It underscores the pivotal
role of metabolic specialists in patient management with metabolic syndrome, a common precursor to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular
diseases if not corrected in a timely manner. Emphasis is placed on reviewing bariatric surgical interventions, with a critical comparison of their
efficacy and potential side effects. Additionally, the article highlights the critical role of metabolic medicine specialists in the management of
patients who have undergone bariatric surgery.
KEYWORDS: metabolic medicine, metabolologist, nutritionist, diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, metabolism, nutritional
support, parenteral nutrition.
FOR CITATION: Dreval A.V., Nechaeva O.A., Dreval O.A., Britvin T.A., Gabrielyan A.R. Metabolic medicine. Russian Medical Inquiry.
2024;8(9):518–525 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-9-3
Predicción de la evolución de un virus informático
Authors: Calcinas Ramos Adrián Cristofer
Published: November 2024

En la actualidad, se discute ampliamente acerca de los virus informáticos. A diario se escuchan nuevos comentarios sobre el perjuicio que ocasionan, lo que, en última instancia, genera confusión y desorden. Los virus informáticos se definen como programas de computadora con la capacidad de autorreplicarse mediante la infección de otros programas más extensos. Estos agentes persiguen mantenerse latentes en el sistema hasta el momento en que deciden manifestarse, ocasión en la cual causan daños, inconvenientes o trastornos en el sistema informático y, por consiguiente, en el usuario. Las afecciones generadas por un virus son frecuentes tanto entre los usuarios como en los sistemas, razón por la cual es fundamental adquirir un conocimiento más profundo sobre estas amenazas. Además, es factible calcular la tasa de propagación de dichos virus empleando derivadas matemáticas.
Creating a Biomedical Knowledge Base by Addressing GPT's Inaccurate Responses and Benchmarking Context
Authors: Darnell S. Solomon , Overall Rupert W. , Guarracino Andrea , Colonna Vincenza , Garrison Erik , Isaac Arun , Lisso Felix , Yousefi Siamak , Ashbrook David , Huang Pengzhi , Suh G. Edward , Umar Muhammad , Batten Christopher , Sen Sáunak , Williams Robert W. , Prins Pjotr
Published: November 2024

We created GNQA, a generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) knowledge base driven by a performant retrieval augmented generation (RAG) with a focus on aging, dementia, Alzheimer’s and diabetes. We uploaded a corpus of three thousand peer reviewed publications on these topics into the RAG. To address concerns about inaccurate responses and GPT ‘hallucinations’, we implemented a context provenance tracking mechanism that enables researchers to validate responses against the original material and to get references to the original papers. To assess the effectiveness of contextual information we collected evaluations and feedback from both domain expert users and ‘citizen scientists’ on the relevance of GPT responses.

A key innovation of our study is automated evaluation by way of a RAG assessment system (RAGAS). RAGAS combines human expert assessment with AI-driven evaluation to measure the effectiveness of RAG systems. When evaluating the responses to their questions, human respondents give a “thumbs-up” 76% of the time. Meanwhile, RAGAS scores 90% on answer relevance on questions posed by experts. And when GPT-generates questions, RAGAS scores 74% on answer relevance. With RAGAS we created a benchmark that can be used to continuously assess the performance of our knowledge base.

Full GNQA functionality is embedded in the free GeneNetwork.org web service, an open-source system containing over 25 years of experimental data on model organisms and human. The code developed for this study is published under a free and open-source software license at https://git.genenetwork.org/gn-ai/tree/README.md
Relationships between Anxious Attachment, Religious Attitude and Addiction Tendency in University Students With a Focus on Impulsivity
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Rezaei Fahimeh , Talebzadeh Shoushtari Marzieh ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Makvandi Behnam ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Sadat Marashian Fatemeh ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: Religion and spiritual attitudes are among the important factors affecting psychological and social injuries because spirituality influences people’s attitudes, cognition, and behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of impulsivity in the relationship between anxious attachment and religious attitude with the tendency to addiction among university students.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational study employed structural equation modeling (SEM). The study population consisted of all students at the Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Iran, of whom 300 were selected as the sample using convenience sampling. All participants completed the addiction potential scale (APS), experiences in close relationships (ECR) scale, religious attitude scale, and Dickman impulsivity inventory (DII). The data were statistically analyzed using SEM.
Results: According to the results, there was a significant relationship between anxious attachment with impulsivity (P=0.012) and the tendency to addiction (P=0.001). Moreover, there was a negative relationship between religious attitudes with impulsivity (P=0.001) and the tendency to addiction (P=0.001). There was a positive relationship between impulsivity and the tendency to addiction in the students (P=0.001). The results also showed that impulsivity mediates the relationships between anxious attachment and religious attitudes with the tendency to addiction (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The results showed that the proposed model fitted the data well. Accordingly, the tendency of young people to addiction can be reduced by training families and university students in safe attachment styles, spiritual teachings, self-restraint, and control of impulses.
The Model Between Religious Attitude and Psychological Hardiness With the Mediating Role of Spiritual Intelligence
Authors:   Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Hamednia Mehrdad , Babaei Mohammad Mahdi ,   Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: One of the necessities in anthropology is considering the spiritual dimension of man from the point of view of scientists and experts in the health field who define man as a biological, psychological, social, and spiritual being. This study investigates the relationship between religious attitude and psychological hardiness with the mediating role of spiritual intelligence of women living in Ardabil City, Iran.
Methods: This was a descriptive and correlational study. The statistical population included women in Ardabil City, Iran. A total of 384 women were selected from the statistical population based on the Cochran formula by random sampling. The research tools were religious attitude, spiritual intelligence, and psychological hardiness questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression.
Results: There is a negative relationship between religious attitudes and women’s psychological hardiness. Meanwhile, there is a positive relationship between religious attitudes and the psychological hardiness of women. In addition, a positive relationship exists between one of the components of spiritual intelligence and psychological hardiness. Also, the results of the path analysis showed that worship and social issues have an indirect effect on the psychological hardiness of women by the mediating role of spiritual intelligence. Spiritual intelligence has also a direct effect on the psychological hardiness of women.
Conclusion: The findings of this research emphasized the application of attitude towards religion and spiritual intelligence in the psychological hardiness of women.
The Mediating Role of Meaning in Life in Relationships of Responsibility and Spiritual Health With Prospective Personality in Competent Teachers
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran, Hardani Abdolhassan , Marashian Fatemeh Sadat ,   Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: November 2024

Background and Objectives: Spiritual health, along with mental, physical, and emotional health, is one of the four dimensions of health, which can increase the level of adaptation of teachers to life events. The present study investigates the mediating role of meaning in life in relationships of responsibility and spiritual health with prospective personalities of competent teachers.
Methods: This study used a structural equation model method, and the statistical population consisted of all competent teachers in Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2023. A total of 264 participants were selected via multi-stage cluster sampling. Prospective personality, responsibility, spiritual health, and meaning in life questionnaires were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and structural equation modeling.
Results: Spiritual health had positive, significant relationships with prospective personality and meaning in life in competent teachers (P<0.01). Responsibility was significantly related to prospective personality and meaning in life (P<0.01). Furthermore, the relationship between meaning in life and perspective personality in teachers was significant (P<0.001). The indirect paths to perspective personality were found to become significant through meaning in life (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The proposed model had a good fit and is a major step toward identifying factors affecting prospective personality in teachers.
Special Issue Editorial
Authors: Taj Norin , Ashraf Tanjin
Published: November 2024

Our goal for this special issue was to expand and deepen the understanding and application of the concept of intersectionality, recognizing its untapped potential. We invited open contributions from diverse academic and practitioner viewpoints, encouraging submissions from both the Global South and North. We aimed to explore various interpretations of intersectionality’s value across multiple contexts and disciplines. Using Collins and Bilge’s (2016) framework, we conceptualized intersectionality as a theoretical lens, analytical strategy, and form of praxis throughout our editorial process. We embraced these dimensions organically while maintaining sensitivity in our double-anonymous review. By sharing these insights, we reflect on our own (un)learning and its application to our academic practices. This editorial also serves as an introduction to the articles featured in this special issue, advancing the scholarly discourse on intersectionality and promoting ongoing dialogue in future research and practice.
Complex treatment of hoof of cows for ungulomycosis
Authors: Khomyn N. M. , Pritsak V. V. , Ihlitskyi I. I. , Tsisinska S. V.
Published: November 2024

Under modern conditions of cattle breeding, ungulates are often exposed to various adverse factors associated with errors in feeding, maintenance, and corrective cleaning during the winter-stalling period. The hooves of cows, which are often exposed to multiple adverse factors, lead, for the most part, to the development of inflammatory processes in the area of the base of the skin of the sole, sometimes to septic genesis, complicated by keratomycetes. As is known, the purulent inflammatory process in this part of the hoof contributes to a decrease in the productivity of cows, which leads to significant economic losses. Treatment methods used for ungulomycosis do not always give the desired effect. Therefore, the work aimed to develop an effective method of treating cows with ungulomycosis using medicinal substances with antibacterial, antifungal, stimulating, and regenerative action. For research, two groups of cows with 5 animals each were formed, selected according to the principle of analogs regarding the nature and location of the pathological process. For therapeutic purposes, cows of both groups underwent orthopedic cleaning, irrigation of the surface of the soles of the hooves with a 0.02 % furacilin solution. A finely grated (separately) mixture of potassium permanganate boric acid and syntomycin liniment was applied to the affected area of the animals of the control group, and povidone-iodine 10 % in combination with a 30 % dimexide solution was applied to the surface of the hoof (corolla and sole area) of the experimental group after novocaine blockade, diluted with a 0.5 % solution of novocaine and, subsequently, levomekol ointment; carried out ultraviolet irradiation of cows with a PRK-2 lamp at a dose of 250 mer/hour/m2 for 25 min. three times a week, and 10 ml of trivit was administered intramuscularly three times a week. Animals of both groups were given antiseptic bandages and orthopedic shoes on their hooves. Clinical, biochemical, biophysical, immunological, bacteriological, mycological, and statistical studies were conducted. The proposed method of treatment improves the quality of the hoof horn, ensures the restoration of its structure, contributes to the elimination of defects, and shortens the duration of treatment by 10 days, which is confirmed by the results of the research conducted.
Identification of causative agents of cow mastitis in farms of Ternopil region
Authors: Vasylkiv O. , Kukhtyn M.
Published: November 2024

Mastitis in lactating cows is a problem that causes significant economic losses and is more common on large farms with machine milking. In addition, the microbial factor is considered dominant in the etiology of mastitis. The aim of the work was to determine the prevalence of mastitis among lactating cows and to identify pathogens that are released in clinical and subclinical forms of udder inflammation. The analysis of the prevalence of mastitis in cows was carried out on four dairy farms with untethered Holstein cows and milking in modern milking parlors in the Ternopil region (Ukraine). Identification of pathogens was carried out according to methods generally recognized in microbiological practice, while commercial test systems for identification of microorganisms API (bioMerieux, France) were used. It was established that on modern dairy farms, during the year, an average of 21% of lactating cows in the winter period, and an average of 17.6 % in the summer period, fell ill with a subclinical form of mastitis. At the same time, from 1.5 to 2.9 % of cows suffered from the clinical form of mastitis during the lactation period. Among the pathogens of subclinical mastitis of cows, Str. was most often identified in the monoculture. agalactiae, which was isolated from a third of the diseased quarters. A little less often in monoculture, the causative agent of mastitis was Staph. aureus, which was identified in 31.4 ± 2.7 % of quarters. The number of diseased udder quarters from which two pathogens Str. agalactiae and Staph. aureus was 27.8 ± 2.3 %. Association of three pathogens (Staph. aureus + E. coli + P. aeruginosa) caused subclinical mastitis in 7.3 ± 0.8 % of udder quarters. The main pathogen of the clinical form of mastitis in farms was Staph. aureus, which was identified in monoculture in 35.8 ± 3.1 % of sick cows. Only 2 % less E. coli was isolated from the inflamed mammary gland in monoculture (33.9 ± 2.8 %). Mixed microflora from three pathogens (Staph. aureus + E. coli + P. aeruginosa) was isolated for clinical mastitis in 22.6 ± 1.9 % of cases. Rarely (in 7.7 ± 0.6 %) an association of two pathogens (Staph. aureus + P. aeruginosa) was isolated from the udder quarters of patients with clinical mastitis. Therefore, the causative agents of the clinical form of mastitis are the same pathogens that cause subclinical mastitis, which must be taken into account in the prevention program of this disease.
Intensity of lipid peroxidation processes in the blood of dogs infected with the causative agent of toxocariasis
Authors: Tokar I. V. , Stybel V. V. , Gutyj B. V.
Published: November 2024

Gastrointestinal helminthiasis, particularly toxocarosis, is the most common invasive disease of dogs in our country and abroad. It is important to note that toxocarosis is a zoonosis that poses a threat not only to animals but also to humans. It is known that one of the manifestations of the toxic effect of toxocar byproducts is the activation of the processes of peroxide oxidation of cell membrane lipids. Lipid peroxidation is one of the most essential oxidation processes in the body of dogs. Currently, this process is considered one of the leading causes of cell damage and death due to the negative effect of reactive oxygen species. Any sufficiently powerful impact on the animal body, including the development of toxocarosis, can initiate lipid peroxidation processes. That is why the work aimed to determine the effect of toxocarosis infestation on the level of intermediate and final products of lipid peroxide oxidation in the body of dogs. 12 dogs aged two to four months were used for experimental research, and two groups of six animals each were formed: control and experimental. Puppies of the control group were clinically healthy. Puppies of the research group were experimentally infected with the causative agent of toxocarosis at a dose of 5,000 invasive T. canis eggs per kg of body weight. The development of toxocarosis in dogs leads to a significant and probable (P < 0.001) accumulation in the blood of dogs in all periods of the study of the content of intermediate (diene conjugates) and final (TBK-active products) products of lipid peroxidation. In dogs with experimental toxocarosis, an increase in these LPO products was established, especially on the 28th and 35th days of the experiment, where, accordingly, the level of diene conjugates ranged from 0.750 ± 0.004 to 0.675 ± 0.003 odA/ml (Р < 0.001), and the level of TBC-active products - in the range of 38.38 ± 0.174 – 38.18 ± 0.137 μmol/l (Р < 0.001). These changes may be because, in the pathogenesis of toxocariasis in dogs, an important role is played by the increased formation of reactive oxygen species, which subsequently cause a disturbance in the balance between the content of oxidants and antioxidants in the body of dogs. It is also worth paying attention to more significant changes in the level of intermediate POL products in dogs' blood during experimental toxocarosis compared to the final products.
Cryptosporidiosis in puppies: clinical and epizootical characteristics
Authors: Dubova O. A. , Feshchenko D. V. , Dybovyi A. A. , Zakharin V. V.
Published: November 2024

Gastrointestinal diseases of puppies aged 2–6 months account for 62% of all pathologies of these animals registered in the clinic. The lifestyle of dogs is associated with close tactile contact with the environment. The presence of protozoa in the digestive tract causes the inclusion of its representatives in the pathological process, which leads to the complication of disorders that have arisen due to various etiological factors. The study aimed to determine the role of the ubiquitous protozoa Cryptosporidium spp. in the pathogenesis of digestive tract diseases in puppies. General clinical, laboratory tests of blood (haematological, biochemical), faeces (coprogram, parasitological), statistical processing were performed. It was found that protozoa were detected in 52 % of sick animals with digestive disorders. The protozoan fauna included Cryptosporidium spp. (100 %), Isospora spp. (29 %), Giardia lamblia (21 %). Animals with cryptosporidium were examined without associations. The manifestation of the disease was noted most often in puppies with weak immune system functions, especially in the age group of 4–5 months, which is associated with the period of tooth change and a decrease in the overall immunological reactivity of the body. Clinically, the disease is characterized by enteritis development with accompanying symptoms. A characteristic clinical sign that should guide further diagnostic search is watery diarrhoea with an unpleasant odour, foamy, mucus, sometimes blood streaks. Laboratory findings include hypoalbuminemia with a decrease in the albumin-globulin ratio, hyperbilirubinaemia due to conjugated bilirubin, hyperfermentation of indicator enzymes of the liver and pancreas, and uremia. Such indicators indicate concomitant insufficiency of the digestive glands – the liver and pancreas, and a general inflammatory reaction. In coprological diagnostics, the qualitative data of the coprogramme confirm the lesions of the small intestine, liver and pancreas. Examination of fecal smears stained by the Ziehl-Nielsen method revealed cryptosporidium oocysts. The average intensity of invasion was 786.4 ± 23.1 oocysts per gram of feces.
Determination of the toxicity of a disinfectant by dermal application
Authors: Kushnir V. I.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of studying the subacute toxicity of a disinfectant made on the basis of meta-cresol by the classical method and according to the methodology of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The study of the subacute toxicity of the disinfectant by the classic method did not cause significant changes in the body weight of animals and the weight coefficients of the weight of internal organs, as well as changes in hematological indicators. In the animals of the II and III experimental groups, which were administered the drug under study in doses of 2500 and 5000 mg/kg body weight, a slight increase in the content of total protein, the level of creatinine, urea, and the activity of ALT and AST were noted. When studying the effect of the tested agent on the organism of laboratory animals in accordance with the methodology of the OEСD № 410, it was established that in the animals of the II experimental group, which were administered the tested agent at a dose of 2500 mg/kg body weight, the mass of the spleen, heart, and kidneys slightly increased against the background of a decrease in animal body weight by 9,8 % (Р < 0,05) and liver weight coefficients by 10.1 % (Р < 0,01). During the blood test, there was a probable decrease in the number of leukocytes by – 33.5 % (Р < 0,01), total protein content by – 7.4 % (Р < 0,05), creatinine by – 5.0 % (Р < 0,05), urea by – 25.6 % (Р < 0,001). In the animals of the III research group, which received the tested agent at a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight, an increase in the mass of the spleen, heart, and kidneys was noted, respectively, by –12.9 %, 14,4 %, and 20.7 % (Р < 0,05). An increase in creatinine and urea was also established, respectively, by – 13.9 (Р < 0,05), 27,9 % (Р < 0,001). In addition, against the background of an increase in the number of erythrocytes, the concentration of hemoglobin, the average content of hemoglobin in an erythrocyte, the average volume of an erythrocyte, and the average concentration of hemoglobin in an erythrocyte slightly decreased.
Clinical case of Malassezia otitis media in a dog
Authors: Chupryna M. I.
Published: November 2024

Dermatopathologies are pretty standard among domestic dogs and cats. Today, Malassezia occupies a leading place among fungal skin lesions. Particular attention should be paid to Malassezia otitis since fungal infections are usually a marker of low resistance, so against their background, it is natural to increase the pathogenic effect of other microflora and, as a result, damage to the eardrum, middle ear, and other destructive changes in the hearing organs. The article presents the results of the use of a bioregulatory approach in the complex therapy of malassezia otitis in dogs with the use of the drug “Traumeel”, which contains ultra-low doses of biologically active substances. The use of this drug increases the safety of treatment, which in turn protects the animal's body from complications and adverse effects of therapy. The study was conducted based on a private outpatient clinic of veterinary medicine in Ternopil during the treatment of an 11-year-old dog with chronic otitis. The clinical manifestation of Malassezia otitis was determined by characteristic clinical signs (hyperpigmentation, hyperemia, edema, pain, and increased ceruminous secretion). A cytological examination with light microscopy of adhesive strips with biomaterial fixed on a slide and stained with a modified Wright-Giemza stain, “Leukodif”, was performed to confirm the diagnosis. For therapy, initially, a generally accepted standard therapy was used using 1 % ketoconazole and 2 % chlorhexidine twice a day and preliminary cleaning of the auricles. Since no positive dynamics were observed, Traumeel 1 ml intramuscularly 1 time per day for 5 days was additionally used for therapy. The choice of bioregulatory drug was based on the components and their action. After 7 days, the dog's inflammation significantly decreased – edema, hyperemia, and itching disappeared, and there was no pathological accumulation of ceruminous gland secretion. Subsequently, three more injections of Traumeel were performed with an interval of 48 hours. 3 weeks after the diagnosis, a repeated cytological examination for the presence of Malassezia was performed – the result was negative. Subsequently, the dog underwent hygienic ear cleaning 1–2 times a week. There were no relapses. Based on the therapy results, it can be concluded that the treatment regimen for Malassezia otitis is effective.