bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and clinical profile in patients of acute kidney injury
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Kaur Rupinderjeet , Bhatia Lovleen , Singh Ardaman , Bansal Richa
Published: September 2023

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an outcome of multiple etiologies and is mostly reversible. This hospital based cross-sectional observational study was aimed to study the risk factors and clinical profile in patients of AKI.
Methods: Sixty AKI patients diagnosed by acute kidney injury network criteria as suggested by kidney disease improving global outcomes clinical practice guidelines were enrolled. Patients with preexisting chronic kidney disease were excluded. Relevant data was recorded and analyzed statistically. Data were compiled using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 17. Regression analysis was done for determining the association of various variables for mortality. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of patients was 52.63±15.58 years with male:female ratio of 2:1. 20% of cases had co-morbidities, the most common co-morbidity being diabetes mellitus with hypertension in 15% of cases. The most common presenting symptom was vomiting (63.3% of patients); sign was hypotension and tachycardia (46.7% each). sepsis was the most common cause of AKI affecting 38 (63.33%) cases. Majority of the cases were non oliguric 81.7%. Pre-renal variety was found in 41.7% patients in this area. Hence, this study suggested a scope for reducing morbidity and mortality associated with AKI if these preventable factors leading to Pre-Renal AKI and sepsis, being an important risk factor for AKI are controlled and prevented as far as possible.
Conclusions: The study concluded that sepsis was the most common cause of AKI.
In era of gold standard laparoscopic surgery, a study profile of open Nissen’s fundoplication for drug refractory endoscopically diagnosed and manometrically confirmed hiatus hernia in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Akre Ajinkya H. , Thorat Santosh D. , Baviskar Mayur , Katare Diksha V.
Published: September 2023

Hiatus hernia is a condition in which part of the stomach protrudes into the chest cavity through the esophageal hiatus, a hole in the diaphragm. The condition is often asymptomatic but can cause gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), dysphagia, chest pain, and other complications in some cases. The diagnosis of hiatus hernia is typically made using imaging tests such as endoscopy or radiography and confirmation done using esophageal motility studies. Management of hiatus hernia depends on the severity and symptoms of the condition. Mild cases may be managed with lifestyle modifications such as weight loss, dietary changes, and avoiding certain trigger foods. Medications such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine receptor antagonists may also be used to control GERD symptoms in maximum number of cases. Surgical intervention will be necessary for more severe cases or cases that do not respond to conservative management. The two main types of surgery for hiatus hernia are conventional/open Nissen fundoplication and laparoscopic fundoplication. These procedures aim to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter and prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. Overall, the management of hiatus hernia requires a multidisciplinary approach involving gastroenterologists, surgeons, and primary care providers. The optimal management will be an individualized approach addressing severity of symptoms and responses to drugs. This study aims to review the drug refractory cases of hiatus hernia in a select group of adult patients not eligible for standard laparoscopic approach diagnosed endoscopically and managed by open Nissen’s fundoplication.
A case report of an ethanol-related decompensated chronic liver disease with complications
Authors: M. Yashfeen , R. Thilakavathi
Published: September 2023

Decompensated chronic liver disease, is a histopathologically defined condition with a variety of clinical symptoms and complications, some of which are associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Cirrhosis is predicted to affect 100 (range 25-400) per 100,000 people worldwide, with a male-to-female ratio of one. Patients with ethanol-related cirrhosis have a 5-year death rate ranging from 60-85%. One of the leading causes of cirrhosis is alcoholism. However, it can also be caused by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), autoimmune disorders, and viral hepatitis. The decompensated chronic liver disease carries a 9.7 times greater chance of mortality. Cirrhosis is a histologic diagnosis, but a combination of clinical, laboratory, and imaging characteristics can help confirm a cirrhosis diagnosis. For evaluating liver cirrhosis, a liver biopsy continues to be the gold standard. A non-invasive approach to assessing liver cirrhosis is transient elastography (FibroScan). Patients with severe cirrhosis may experience several significant sequelae that complicate their clinical path. These include portal hypertension and related side effects, such as gastroesophageal varices, splenomegaly, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatopulmonary syndrome, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In decompensated chronic liver disease, treatment focuses on underlying liver disease, dietary changes, and long-term medical management to control underlying problems. For patients who do not react to other medications, liver transplantation can be an effective long-term therapy option.
Incarcerated Grynfelt-Lesshaft's giant lumbar hernia: a case report
Authors: Jaiswal Anurag , Bhati Sawan , Sumit  , Singh Paritosh , Gupta Shishir
Published: September 2023

A uncommon posterior abdominal wall defect called the Grynfeltt-Lesshaft hernia permits the herniation of retro and intraperitoneal tissues via the upper lumbar triangle. We describe a case of a post-menopausal woman who visited the surgical OPD because of a bulge that was steadily growing in the right lumbar area. She had a history of spinal tuberculosis and underwent computed tomography (CT) guided aspiration of a paravertebral abscess and surgical fixation of vertebrae. During the initial clinical examination, the swelling resembled a large lipoma, but other potential diagnoses considered were an incisional hernia, large lipoma, abscess, or hematoma. Ultrasonography was inconclusive in differentiating due to the large size and limited visibility. Consequently, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scans of the abdomen revealed a substantial defect in the right lumbar area with herniation of the small bowel, large bowel, and omental fat. The diagnosis of a right Grynfelt hernia was established, and the patient was referred for surgical repair. Preoperatively, the hernia was classified as a type "A" lumbar hernia, according to Moreno-Egea et al classification. For the diagnosis of lumbar hernia and surgical planning, computed tomography (CT) is the most commonly used imaging modality. It allows for accurate visualization and assessment of the hernia, aiding in both the diagnosis and the planning of the surgical procedure.
Genetyczne ryzyko nowotworowe kobiet. Mutacja BRCA w perspektywie psychologicznej
Authors: Michałowska Sylwia
Published: September 2023

In the group of patients suffering from breast or ovarian cancer, approximately 5–10% are women diagnosed with a genetic mutation. Among the genes responsible for the increase in cancer risk are, among others BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The presence of a mutation in the gene is associated with the decision on the preferred forms of risk reduction, including prophylactic surgery – mastectomy and adnexectomy. This publication is an attempt at a complex psychological analysis of the functioning of Polish women with the BRCA genetic mutation, depending on the preventive surgery performed. The publication presents the essence of the BRCA genetic mutation in medical terms, showing the mechanism of inheritance and specificity of diagnosis, as well as in psychological terms, thus illustrating selected psychological aspects of the functioning of women with risk of cancer. The paper also describes the risk reduction methods recommended by physicians and the consequences of their use, including, in particular, the consequences of carrying out preventive surgery.
Fauna w słowiańskiej ojkonimii Pomorza Zachodniego
Authors: Afeltowicz Beata
Published: September 2023

Słowianie przybyli na Pomorze Zachodnie już na przełomie V i VI wieku n.e. Obserwacja środowiska naturalnego pozwoliła na umieszczenie w nazwach osad nazw zwierząt, które tam żyły. Badania prowadzono na zbiorze 81 nazw miejscowych, w których wystąpiło 39 różnych leksemów nazywających zwierzęta. Najliczniej wystąpiły nazwy ssaków (15), a wśród nich leksem krowa, którego użyto w 6 ojkonimach. Oprócz nazw ssaków były także nazwy ptaków, owadów, ryb, płazów, skorupiaków i zwierząt bezkręgowych (bezkręgowców).
Kozłowski, Zając, Wróbel – najpopularniejsze nazwiska odzwierzęce w Polsce. Analiza ilościowa i jakościowa
Authors: Karczewska Małgorzata
Published: September 2023

Nazwiska pochodzące od nazw zwierząt bazują na przypisywaniu zwierzętom określonych cech wyglądu i charakteru i następnie przenoszeniu tych cech na określonych ludzi. W badaniu wyekscerpowano 122 nazwiska pochodzące od nazw zwierząt spośród tysiąca najpopularniejszych polskich nazwisk. Celem analizy było sprawdzenie, od których nazw zwierząt te nazwiska pochodzą, czy są to zwierzęta udomowione czy dzikie, do jakich gromad należą, a także zweryfikowanie, czy popularność danego gatunku w życiu ludzkim i kulturze przekłada się na wysoką częstotliwość nazwisk motywowanych ich nazwą. Okazało się, że nie ma prostego przełożenia w tym zakresie, a najwięcej nazwisk pochodzi od nazw gatunków ptaków. Ponadto potwierdzono prawidłowość tzw. prawa Zipfa, według którego istnieje nieduża liczba bardzo popularnych nazwisk i duża liczba nazwisk mało popularnych.
Bondyrz – w poszukiwaniu etymologii tego tajemniczego toponimu
Authors: Makarski Władysław
Published: September 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest wyjaśnienie etymologii nazwy miejscowej Bondyrz, oznaczającej wieś położoną nad Wieprzem między Zwierzyńcem a Krasnobrodem w powiecie zamojskim, znaną od XVII wieku. Toponim ten ze względu na swoją fonetyczno-morfologiczną homonimiczność może być różnie interpretowany, a mianowcie jako: a) nazwa dzierżawcza ze starym formantem prasłowiańskim *-jь od n. os. słowiańskiego pochodzenia *Bądyr lub od ukraińskiego Bondyr; b) nazwa utworzona za pomocą formantu -yrz od apelatywu bonda ‘arenda’ lub ‘posag żony’; c) nazwa derywowana prymarnie od nienotowanego apelatywu *bondyrz : bonda < banda < niem. Band ‘wstęga, taśma’, na oznaczenie zamkniętego, opasanego bondą fragmentu terenu za pomocą układu odcinków dróg, rzek czy brzegu lasu. Taką topografię ma poza najstarszym podzwierzynieckim Bondyrzem jeszcze kilka innych przysiółkowych Bondyrzów na Zamojszczyźnie, co stanowi, iż spośród różnych etymologii badanego toponimu ta wykładnia jest najbardziej prawdopodobna.
Leksyka przyrodnicza w korespondencji prywatnej Henryka Sienkiewicza (analiza formalno-semantyczna)
Authors: Mariak Leonarda
Published: September 2023

Artykuł stanowi analizę leksyki przyrodniczej zawartej w listach prywatnych Henryka Sienkiewicza. W badaniach wzięto pod uwagę obszerny, liczący ponad 1400 zbiór listów, z których wyekscerpowano 720 różnych pod względem formalnym i znaczeniowym określeń z kręgu semantycznego przyroda.

Leksyka z badanego obszaru tematycznego jest istotnym elementem tworzywa językowego listów prywatnych Sienkiewicza. Prócz funkcji stricte informacyjnej, wyodrębniającej i identyfikującej opisywane krajobrazy, zwierzęta, rośliny, zjawiska przyrodnicze, pogodowe, meteorologiczne, topografię terenu, podkreśla egzotykę, niezwykłość, scenerię opisywanych realiów, ukonkretnia i zwiększa sugestywność relacji pisarza.
Своєрідність вербалізації природи як чинник лінгвопсихоакцентуації (на матеріалі новели Михайла Коцюбинського Intermezzo)
Authors: Papish Vitaliia
Published: September 2023

У статті осмислено феномен природи як психоструктурний компонент імпліцитної інформації в художньому тексті. Доведено, що природа є складником ціннісної естетичної системи акцентуйованої мовної особистості. Унаслідок процесу лінгвопсихоакцентуації фрагментів художнього тексту з описом природи з новели Михайла Коцюбинського Intermezzo його віднесено до «світлого» типу текстів (теорія Валерія Бєляніна). Констатовано, що Михайло Коцюбинський наділений параноїдною акцентуацією. Саме тому він мав внутрішню потребу різноаспектно зображувати образи природи. Простежено, що «світла» емоційно-смислова домінанта аналізованої новели формується високою частотністю лексем на позначення світла (блиску), вербалізацією поліфункційності образу сонця, яскравої кольорової природної гами, моделюванням загальної позитивної тональності оповіді. На основі аналізу численних текстових масивів схарактеризовано художню письменницьку манеру щодо вербалізації живої природи, що досягається через омовлення образних асоціацій, експресивної конотації, незвичних тропів, одухотвореності універсуму відповідно до письменницької натурфілософії. Природа в новелі оживає, персоніфікується, входить у свідомість оповідача, актуалізуючи його внутрішні спонуки. Зроблено висновок про детермінованість мови художнього тексту психологічною характеристикою письменника-класика.
Obraz natury w polskim i ukraińskim leksykonie mentalnym
Authors: Rodziewicz Barbara
Published: September 2023

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie językowego obrazu natury utrwalonego w polskim i ukraińskim leksykonie mentalnym. Autorka analizuje dane słowników asocjacyjnych, omawiając oraz porównując zakresy treściowe pojęć nazywających obiekty przyrody na przykładzie pól skojarzeniowych słów-bodźców – las/лic i rzeka/piка. Autorka dowodzi, że postrzeganie i rozumienie wybranych obiektów natury odzwierciedlone w mentalnych strukturach użytkowników języka polskiego i ukraińskiego charakteryzuje relatywnie wysoki stopień dyferencjacji. Językowy obraz świata natury Polaków i Ukraińców mimo ich wspólnych słowiańskich korzeni nie jest spójny i ujawnia obok wyraźnych analogii również szereg różnic.
Echi di letteratura italiana nell’opera Il senso religioso di don Luigi Giussani
Authors: Libertini Rosangela , Chanasová Zuzanna
Published: September 2023

Si analizza nel presente articolo un aspetto meno studiato dell’opera di Don Luigi Giussani, il suo stile di scrittura e anche il metodo di analisi dei testi che l’autore conosce e cita nelle proprie opere. Don Giussani non può essere considerato un critico letterario ma la sua profonda cultura lo porta a cercare tutti quegli aspetti dell’opera letteraria che egli sente vicino alla propria esperienza e che meglio rispondono testimoniano i desideri e le paure do ogni uomo. Per questo nel contributo si parla di incontro con gli autori ricordati. Nel testo si fa riferimento principalmente all’opera Il senso religioso, mentre per i poeti che vengono ricordati si fa riferimento soprattutto agli scrittori italiani. Si intende svolgere un paragone fra quelli che son alcuni giudizi espressi sugli autori citati dalla critica moderna e contemporanea a confronto con quanto afferma Don Giussani su questi autori. Nel testo si è cercato dove possibile di risalire ai testi originali
Antropologiczne podstawy pedagogiki ks. Luigiego Giussaniego
Authors: Tempesta Marcello , Wójcik-Cifoletti Monika
Published: September 2023

* Artykuł oryginalny w języku włoskim pt. „Basi antropologiche della pedagogia di don Lugi Giussani” został opublikowany w Rocznikach Pedagogicznych 15(51) 2023, nr 1, s. 51-61

W podróży kulturowej Luigiego Giussaniego wymiar pedagogiczny i wymiar antropologiczny wydają się ze sobą ściśle powiązane. Pytanie o zasady i formy wychowania człowieka wiąże się ściśle z konstytutywnym i strukturalnym wymiarem osoby.

Ludzkie doświadczenie wydaje się księdzu Giussaniemu nacechowane percepcją pierwotnej zależności i obecnością niewyczerpanej potrzeby sensu. Od tej świadomości musi wychodzić praca wychowawcza jako propozycja relacji zdolnej wprowadzić podmiot w odkrywanie własnego „ja” i podstawowych wymiarów świata.

W oparciu o to podejście Giussani formułuje myśl wychowawczą, która podejmuje główne problemy pedagogiczne współczesnej epoki, rozważając je na nowo w oryginalny sposób: rozwój osoby, relacje między autorytetem a wolnością, doświadczenie, poznanie, złożoność, nihilizm.
Ideał wychowania według ks. Luigiego Giussaniego
Authors: Rynio Alina
Published: September 2023

Mając na uwadze podjęty temat autorka próbuje odpowiedzieć na następujące pytania: 1) Jak ks. L. Giussani rozumiał i definiował fenomen samego wychowania?; 2) Co w jego przesłaniu wychowawczym było wartością lub dobrem, które w najwyższej mierze czyniło i czyni zadość wymogom człowieka i staje się przedmiotem ludzkich dążeń jako doskonały wzór wychowana?; 3) Jaki jest ideał doskonałości, za którym ks. L. Giussani podążał, i co określał jako model wychowawczy pozwalający wskazać dyspozycje, jakie pedagodzy powinni rozwijać u uczniów?; 4) Co według ks. L. Giussaniego pełniło i dalej pełni funkcję wymogu, który wyznacza drogę w wychowaniu młodego człowieka w rodzinie?; Wreszcie ukonkretniając całe zagadnienie publikacja niesie odpowiedź na pytanie 5) Jakiego człowieka chciał wychować ks. L. Giussani i co było dla niego najistotniejsze w tym względzie?

Artykuł dokumentuje, że włoski myśliciel dzieląc się doświadczeniem swojej wiary przekazanej mu przez matkę i swoich wychowawców, mając odwagę bycia wolnym i odpowiedzialnym, ze skarbca ludzkiej mądrości wydobywał rzeczy „stare i nowe”. Nie było też dla niego najistotniejsze czego młodzi potrafią dokonać, ale kim są, jakie są ich predyspozycje i możliwości i kim potrafią być w przyszłości. Nie dziwi zatem, że w ideał omawianego wychowania wpisane jest wychowanie człowieka autentycznie religijnego i wierzącego, który niczego nie cenzuruje i nie zapomina, a swoją moc i siłę czerpie z Boga, który jest „wszystkim we wszystkim”, co Giussani nazywa „formułą wieczności” i Chrystusa, „który jest wszystkim we wszystkich”, co z kolei stanowi „formułę egzystencji i historii”.

Jest to człowiek, który zgodnie z zaleceniem pawłowym „wszystko bada, a zachowuje jedynie to, co szlachetne” (por. 1 Tes 5,21). Mając zaś pozytywne podejście do rzeczywistości nieustannie poszukuje prawdy, co otwiera go na dialog ekumeniczny oraz przyjazne i trwałe objęcie tego, kto jest inny. W ideał wychowawczy Giussani wpisuje uważność, odwagę, wolność i odpowiedzialność wychowanka. Co więcej w ideał tego wychowania wpisane jest właściwe człowiekowi używanie rozumu, umiejętność czytania znaczenia znaków, a zarazem krytyczność, kreatywność i bezinteresowność. Wychowywany zgodnie z tym ideałem człowiek stara się słuchać innych, jest wrażliwy na piękno i prawdę, potrafi trwać na modlitwie, docenia wartość ciszy i milczeniu, jest przyzwyczajany do permanentnej pracy nad sobą polegającej na porównywaniu i osądzaniu wszystkiego z „doświadczeniem podstawowym” w jakie wyposażyła go matka natura.
Axiological Characteristics of Teacher’s Activity in the Pedagogical Works of Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi (1918–1970)
Authors: Czepil Marija
Published: September 2023

The article examines the value orientations of the teacher’s activity in the works of the Ukrainian educator Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi (1918–1970). His pedagogical legacy is a source for everyone who understands the value of children and childhood. He considered the profession of a teacher to be the learning of humans, and love for a child as the most favourable basis for achieving educational goals, while the development of a child’s spiritual world, a holistic acceptance of the world of childhood and an understanding of its uniqueness and importance as the most important tasks of a teacher. He advocated the trust in a person, in their kindness, in the humaneness of the relationship between the teacher and the student, and insisted on doing good for other people. A teacher must have a great talent of love for people and boundless love for their work and, above all, for children. The teacher must know the soul of the child, know and feel their inner world, instil confidence in their abilities, successful development, know their thoughts, needs, and anxieties. The educator must teach the child to live, touch the strings of the child’s soul with the example of their own life. The task of the school is stated, and namely the personality formation, taking into account the fact that a child is the greatest value for the society, the family, and the teacher. The highest manifestation of Sukhomlynskyi’s humanistic values was the heart devoted to children. It is possible to realize the pedagogical vocation only on the condition of deep trust in the possibility of successful upbringing of each child, harmony of heart and mind, and manifestation of cordiality, sensitivity and benevolence in attitude towards children.
A Transnational Study on The Economic Liberation in Egypt during The Presidency of Anwar Sadat in 1970-1982
Authors: Surya Muhamad Aji
Published: September 2023

The Arab Republic of Egypt has become of the most influential countries in the Middle East Region and Africa. Unsurprisingly, external parties were interested to interfere in this country. As the Cold War raged, a series of conflicts arose, creating the dynamics in the Middles East countries. The conflicts that arose had an enormous effect on the economy of the countries. Many earlier studies have discussed the conflict and its impact and the rivalry of the two blocs of power fighting for influence in Egypt. However, what remains unexplored and draws only little attention among the researchers is how these forces affect the countries like Egypt to become 'competitive arenas'. This study analyzes and explains the influence of the United States in Egypt, specifically in terms of increasing economic liberalization after the Camp David agreement. The results indicated that Camp David accelerated the economic liberalization that Egypt had started in 1974. The increase in economic liberalization in Egypt was mainly driven by the foreign aid provided by the United States as its transnational tool. The strongest evidence of increasing economic liberalization in Egypt is the open-door policy for foreign investment and product exports to Egypt. The Egyptian government had no longer absolute power in regulating the market. Meanwhile, the impact of increasing economic liberalization on society is seen in the consumption and demand for American products. American fast-food companies such as KFC and McDonald's were welcomed among the Egyptian people.
Comprender los caminos agroecológicos de la ganadería en el norte de Uruguay
Authors: Rivaben Inés Ferreira , Rossi Virginia , Chia Eduardo
Published: September 2023

La agroecología como modelo de producción alternativo, es incipiente en Uruguay. Comprender e interpretar la visión que los productores y técnicos tienen sobre la transición agroecológica en el país es un desafío para la investigación. La principal hipótesis en este trabajo es que las visiones de los productores y técnicos sobre la agroecología, orientan, enmarcan y estructuran los procesos de transición. Se presentan resultados sobre las visiones de la agroecología de dos grupos de discusión realizados en 2020 con profesionales de diferentes instituciones y ganaderos familiares. Estos muestran la gran diversidad de visiones y los diferentes caminos que transitan los ganaderos. A pesar de estas visiones diferentes, se encuentran algunas ideas-fuerza comunes que podrían contribuir a la definición de un modelo de ganadería agroecológico. Los caminos permiten sugerir y evaluar propuestas diferenciadas para el desarrollo de una ganadería familiar agroecológica.
Determinação social da saúde de trabalhadores da pesca artesanal em desastres com petróleo
Authors: Gonçalves José Erivaldo , Machado Rafaella Miranda , Gurgel Aline do Monte , Rego Rita de Cassia Franco , Santos Mariana Olívia Santana dos , Gurgel Idê Gomes Dantas
Published: September 2023

Este ensaio apresenta reflexões sobre o modelo por petróleo dependente e sua relação com os processos de vulnerabilização na saúde das comunidades da pesca artesanal sob a perspectiva da determinação social da saúde. Estruturou-se em três eixos de análise: a caracterização do processo de dependência dos combustíveis fósseis pela indústria e as consequências para as populações dos territórios afetados; o desastre-crime do petróleo ocorrido no Brasil a partir de 2019 e, por fim, à luz da concepção de Breilh (2013), a caracterização do processo da determinação social da saúde nos territórios vulnerabilizados e afetados por esses desastres. A noção de saúde dissociada das construções sociais, culturais, econômicas, espirituais e políticas conforma um modelo insuficiente na análise do processo saúde-doença, identificando um ser fragmentado e desconsiderando a sobreposição de camadas “inorgânicas” que suprime e reorganiza a existência.
Post-COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disorders and the Molecular Mechanism of NET Formation
Authors: ÖZPAK Lütfiye , AKSU Ekrem , ÇELİK İbrahim Seyfettin , KELLECİ Bekir Mehmet , ÇELİK Mustafa , KUŞ Celal
Published: September 2023

Objective: The post-COVID-19 process is not completely understood, as it affects COVID-19 survivors at all levels of disease severity, not all of whom are hospitalized. One of the long-lasting COVID-19 symptom categories, cardiovascular disorders (including acute heart failure, palpitations, hypotension, venous thromboembolic diseases, arrhythmias, myocarditis, and increased heart rate), may derive from a systemic inflammatory response to the viral infection. NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps) that fight invading viruses in extracellular cardiac spaces accumulate due to COVID-19, hyperinflammation and cytokine storms. Our study focuses on cardiovascular disorders as COVID-19 sequelae. To determine the role of NETs in these disorders, we aimed to measure levels of PAD4, MPO, MMP-9, and H3Cit. Methods: In this study, forty people with long-term cardiac complications associated with a history of COVID-19 were recruited along with forty healthy people. Results: We found significant differences in PAD4, H3Cit, and MPO plasma levels between the post-COVID-19 and control groups (p values < 0.05). The expression levels of PAD4 mRNA were lower and MMP-9 mRNA levels was higher in the post-COVID-19 group compared with the control subjects. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PAD4, MPO, MMP-9, and H3Cit are potential biomarkers of NET dysregulation and may cause post-COVID-19 symptoms, especially cardiovascular disorders.
Los actores civiles en comisiones de la verdad de América Latina
Authors: Botero Martínez José Leonar , Manchado Mauricio , Daza González Alfonso , Sierra-Zamora Paola Alexandra
Published: September 2023

Este artículo analiza los comportamientos de los actores civiles en las comisiones de la verdadde Argentina, Chile, El Salvador, Guatemala, Perú y Colombia, aportando a la disertación sobre la justicia transicional. La metodología empleada es de orden cualitativo y vislumbra los comportamientos asumidos por estos actores en casos emblemáticos de comisiones de la verdad en Latinoamérica. Desde este contexto, se hace un estudio comparado para referenciar las transiciones sucedidas en estos países y los diversos comportamientos que asumieron las organizaciones de derechos humanos y de víctimas en el desarrollo de este tipo de medidas transicionales. En ese sentido, se ha podido determinar que, aunque se presentan algunos comportamientos similares, estos no son homogéneos y dependen del contexto social y político de cada país. Y, finalmente, que las comisiones de la verdad estudiadas han podido constatar que las organizaciones de derechos humanos y de víctimas han asumido comportamientos relacionados con la denuncia de violaciones a los derechos humanos, el apoyo y aporte a las investigaciones, también desconfianza y rechazos de algunos sectores a los trabajos de las comisiones, así como un respaldo a los resultados, una vez entregados los informes finales.
Grundlagen der Semantik: Dritte Ausgabe
Authors: Lipavic Oštir Alja
Published: September 2023

Das vorliegende Universitätslehrbuch bringt Inhalte aus den Bereichen der linguistischen Semantik für Studierende der Germanistik. Einzelne Kapitel können auch im Rahmen anderer Fächer der linguistischen wie auch anderer Studienprogramme eingesetzt werden. Das Lehrbuch erläutert relevante Grundbegriffe und die Semantik der Sprachzeichen hinsichtlich einzelner Sprachebenen. Alle Begriffe werden entsprechend illustriert und von Aufgaben begleitet, in denen Beispiele aus verschiedenen Sprachen vorkommen. Das Lehrbuch nimmt keine Stellung zu einzelnen semantischen Theorien, sondern bringt die Grundinformationen wie auch Vorschläge für das weitere Studium. Seine Struktur ist dem Sprachsystem angepasst, das Lehrbuch enthält aber auch einige Fallstudien (Wortsemantik: Substantivs vs. Adjektiv und die semantischen Genitivinterpretationen).
The use of apolipoprotein A-I as a transport form of the green fluorescent protein GFP gene in rat hepatocytes
Authors: Polyakov L. M. , Sumenkova D. V. , Kotova M. V. , Trifonova N. V. , Knyazev R. A.
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) as a transport form of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene into rat hepatocytes.Material and methods. A culture of isolated rat hepatocytes was used as a model. Apo A-I conjugate with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was obtained by incubation of apo A-I protein with FITC in carbonate buffer pH 9.5 at a ratio of 12.5 μg FITC per 1 mg of protein. Plasmids for pE-GAG transfection with an integrated GFP gene were enriched in the promoter part with cis-elements of the CC(GCC)3-5 type to enhance complex formation with apo A-I. An inverted fluorescence microscope was used for visual analysis of cell fluorescence.Results and discussion. The paper presents evidence of FITC-labeled apo A-I penetration into the cytoplasm and nuclei of rat hepatocytes by receptor-mediated endocytosis. On this basis, it is proposed an attempt to use apo A-I as a means of targeted delivery of plasmid DNA with an integrated GFP gene into the cell. According to the results of fluorescence microscopy, the use of apo A-I as a plasmid DNA transfection agent led to the accumulation of the GFP protein in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. No fluorescent protein was observed in the absence of apo A-I.Conclusions. The result obtained may indicate the delivery of the GFP gene to the nuclear apparatus of the cell, its expression and GFP protein synthesis.
Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase content in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bykov Yu. V. , Baturin V. A.
Published: September 2023

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is one of the most frequently diagnosed chronic diseases of childhood. Oxidative stress (OS) is considered as one of the possible mechanisms of its development and complications. The aim of the study was to analyze the content of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GP) in children and adolescents with adequately controlled T1D.Material and methods. A total of 58 children were examined, including 34 children with type 1 diabetes (study group) and 24 conditionally healthy children (control group). The content of glycated hemoglobin, blood plasma glucose per day, post-prandial glucose, total protein, creatinine and urea were determined by conventional methods, as well as the level of SOD and GP in the blood serum by ELISA.Results and discussion. A significant decrease in the content of both enzymes was found in type 1 DM patients compared to conditionally healthy children. In patients with the chronic form of the disease, SOD and GP level was significantly lower than in patients with incident T1D. An inverse correlation was revealed between the antioxidant enzymes level on the one hand and age, duration of the disease, and the number of episodes with a poor glucose history on the other hand. The decrease in SOD and GP concentration was associated with an increase in glycated hemoglobin and plasma glucose level over a 24-hour period in patients with chronic type SD 1. The decrease in SOD concentrations was associated with an increase in glycated hemoglobin in patients with T1D chronic type. The discovered abnormalities indicate that decreased antioxidant enzyme level represent a manifestation of OS in patients with adequately controlled type 1 DM.Conclusions. Content of antioxidant enzymes in children with T1D provides an important criterion for the assessment of OS manifestations in this disease.
Percepción social del cambio climático en un valle interandino en la sierra del Ecuador
Authors: Logroño Logroño Iván Santiago , Muñoz Barriga Andrea
Published: September 2023

El cambio climático, como un fenómeno global, genera dinámicas socioambientales a nivel local que afectan a distintos grupos y en particular en zonas rurales, a pequeños agricultores. La finalidad del presente artículo es determinar el nivel de percepción sobre cambio climático y cómo este influye en la capacidad de respuesta de los agricultores en un valle interandino de la sierra ecuatoriana. Para ello, se elaboraron encuestas dirigidas a agricultores con el fin de entender cómo la población percibe los cambios en el tiempo sobre temperatura y precipitación, y a su vez, cómo la alteración de estas variables afecta su producción agrícola. Adicionalmente, se compara la percepción empírica de los agricultores con proyecciones climáticas para determinar correlaciones y poder establecer medidas de adaptación; estructurales y no estructurales. Los agricultores son un grupo que particularmente perciben los cambios que ha habido en el clima en las últimas décadas, pues tienen una estrecha relación con el mismo. Sin embargo, es sumamente complejo establecer dichas alteraciones en un tiempo y espacio determinado, por lo cual, la población se encuentra en un alto grado de incertidumbre y ve a la agricultura como una labor poco rentable y altamente demandante en recursos y tiempo, lo que trae como consecuencia que en muchos casos deban dejar sus cultivos y dedicarse a otras actividades y/o migrar a las grandes urbes, como en este caso a Quito, la capital del Ecuador.
Identifying Diversity of Thrips on Lablab (Lablab purpureus): A Potential Vegetable Crop
Authors: Palanisamy Aishwarya , Marimuthu Murugan , Narayanasamy Chitra , Venkatasamy Balasubramani , Gandhi Karthikeyan , Lakshmanan Pugalendhi
Published: September 2023

Background: Lablab (Lablab purpureus) is a potential vegetable crop cultivated throughout India. It is a tropical and subtropical vegetable adaptive to different climatic conditions and grown in all seasons. Thrips are one of the important pests of lablab as they affect all stages of the crop and transmit plant viruses. The current study aimed at identifying the thrips diversity present in lablab as a base for monitoring and management purposes. Methods: An exploratory survey was conducted to identify the diversity of thrips on lablab in its growing areas of Coimbatore. Furthermore, continuous monitoring of the lablab crops in TNAU orchard, Coimbatore, was done to explore all the life stages of thrips species and their diversity. Morphological and molecular characterization of the collected species was done using taxonomic keys and mtCOI DNA sequencing approach. Result: Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci were observed during the crop’s early stages before blossoming. Frankliniella schultzei is a polyphagous pest species that has been found infesting all phases of crop development, from early leaf through pod formation. During and after blooming, the four species Megalurothrips usitatus, Thrips parvispinus, Chaetanaphothrips orchidii and Haplothrips gowdeyi began to infest. Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were determined to be -1.739 and -0.1979. According to Shannon index, C. orchidii and T. parvispinus were the first and second predominant species after flowering. Taxonomic investigations of the collected species were done and substantiated with molecular identification of those analyzed species. A phylogenetic tree of the analyzed sequences was constructed to denote species divergence based on their specific sequences.
Government Spending And Economic Growth Nexus In Sub-Saharan Africa: An Econometric Analysis
Authors: Owusu-Mensah Mathew , Manu Christiana Afriyie , Arhenful Peter
Published: September 2023

Proponents of larger governments argue that government programmes provide essential public goods like education and infrastructure, which, in turn, stimulate the economy. On the other hand, individuals who advocate for more limited government assert that an increase in public spending will be detrimental to economic expansion due to the fact that many functions of government are inefficient and not in the public interest. Secondary data from World development indicator variables spanning from 1985 to 2021 were analysed. The dependent variable for the study was GDP per capita and the independent variables were institutional quality, government expenditure, capital stock and trade openness. The model used for the study are Pearson correlation, Pesaran's , Friedman's and Frees' cross sectional dependency test, IPS and CIPS unit root test, Pooled Mean Group and Dynamic Fixed Effect regression to test for the long-run cointegration and short-run relationship in 32 African countries. The results of the study suggest that there exists a long-run and short-run relationship between government expenditure and economic growth. Additionally, the study emphasises the importance of institutional quality as a significant determinant of this relationship. Therefore, it is recommended that all accessible government funds be allocated towards the objective of establishing durable and self-sufficient infrastructure.
Autonomisation Socioéconomique des Femmes dans la SousPréfecture de Bouaflé : La Commercialisation du Vivrier Comme Alternative
Authors: Soumahoro Manlé
Published: September 2023

Les femmes demeurent dans des conditions sociales et économiques précaires malgré leur forte implication dans le secteur agricole notamment dans la production du vivrier comme cela s’observe dans la sous-préfecture de Bouaflé. Fort de ce constat et pour s’affranchir de leurs conditions sociales et économiques précaires, certaines parmi elles se sont investies dans d’autres secteurs d’activités. Par contre, d’autres se sont ruées vers la collecte et la commercialisation du vivrier. Cette implication dans ce segment de la chaine de valeur du vivrier est un moyen pour ces femmes d’améliorer leurs conditions financière et sociale. Cette étude ambitionne mettre en évidence la contribution de la commercialisation du vivrier à l’autonomisation socioéconomique des femmes des milieux ruraux de la sous-préfecture de Bouaflé. Ainsi, à partir d’une fouille documentaire et une enquête de terrain appuyée par des entretiens, l’étude a révélé que la commercialisation des produits vivriers à Bouaflé est dominée par des femmes d’expérience à 96,34% ivoiriennes. Celles-ci sillonnent les contrées de la sous-préfecture de Bouaflé pour collecter puis ventre par la suite les produits collectés à travers une diversité de circuits. Cette activité confère aux femmes des revenus substantiels et contribue à améliorer leur pouvoir économique. Elle leur permet également de réaliser des projets personnels et surtout de s’inscrire dans des programmes d’alphabétisation pour savoir lire, écrire et surtout pour acquérir des rudiments leur permettant de développer le commerce du vivrier. 

 

The social and economic situation of women remains precarious, despite their strong involvement in the agricultural sector, particularly in food production, as can be seen in the Bouaflé sub-prefecture. With this in mind, and in order to break free from their precarious social and economic conditions, some of them have invested in other sectors of activity. Others, on the other hand, have rushed into the collection and marketing of food crops. Involvement in this segment of the food crop value chain is a way for these women to improve their financial and social conditions. This study aims to highlight the contribution of food crop marketing to the socio-economic empowerment of rural women in the Bouaflé sub-prefecture. On the basis of documentary research and a field survey supported by interviews, the study revealed that the marketing of food products in Bouaflé is dominated by experienced women, 96.34% of whom are Ivorian. They crisscross the regions of the Bouaflé sub-prefecture to collect and then sell the products collected through a variety of channels. This activity provides the women with substantial income and helps to improve their economic power. It also enables them to carry out personal projects and, above all, to enroll in literacy programs so that they can read, write and, above all, acquire the rudiments they need to develop the food trade.
Fight Corruption the EU Membership Requirement: The Case of Albania
Authors: Balliu Alesia
Published: September 2023

Corruption is one of the most crucial challenges which emerges as a solid opponent to the universal rule of the law. This paper examines the issue of combating corruption in Albania and its significance in the context of the country's pursuit of EU membership. Drawing upon the political and juridical history of Albania, the study highlights the close link between political culture and combating corruption in Southeast Europe. It underscores the challenges faced by Albania in combating corruption due to its difficult political past and the shortcomings in the development and enforcement of the law. The implementation of the Justice Reform in Albania is recognized as a significant step toward combating corruption, but the process has encountered obstacles and delays. The paper emphasizes the importance of respecting the deadlines set for the reform and ensuring the functioning of the judicial system to safeguard citizens' rights. Recommendations are provided, including the need for a safety net to prevent critical vacancies in the judiciary, restraining the right to resign during vetting procedures, and ensuring adequate logistical support and independence for new judicial institutions. The study concludes by emphasizing the ongoing fight against combating corruption as an essential requirement for Albania's EU membership and the need for sustained efforts to address the shortcomings identified in the process.
The Evolution of European Fairy Tales: A Comparative Analysis of the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen
Authors: O. Althobaiti Mohammad Abdulhadi
Published: September 2023

This paper focuses on the contrasting characteristics of fairy tales authored by the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Andersen, examining the variations in themes, characters, and narrative structures. The Grimm Brothers primarily dedicated themselves to collecting and preserving traditional tales, placing great importance on authenticity and cultural heritage. In contrast, Andersen ventured into creating original stories that delved into introspection and offered social commentary. The storytelling approaches and motivations of the Grimm Brothers and Andersen diverged, yet both left indelible marks on the fairy tale genre. Through a comparative analysis of specific tales like Cinderella, The Little Mermaid, and Snow White, it becomes evident that cultural and contextual influences played a significant role in shaping these stories. The tales crafted by the Grimm Brothers often revolved around the transformative power of goodness and resilience. Their narratives emphasized the triumph of virtue and the ability of individuals to overcome adversity. These tales resonated deeply with audiences, as they drew upon traditional folklore and conveyed important moral lessons. Andersen, on the other hand, explored character development and focused on the transformative power of love. His stories often featured protagonists who underwent profound personal growth and transformation, driven by their encounters with love, friendship, and self-discovery. Andersen's works possessed a reflective and introspective quality that invited readers to ponder deeper meanings and societal implications. The Grimm Brothers' efforts to preserve traditional tales ensured the preservation of cultural heritage, while Andersen's original stories brought a fresh perspective and social commentary to the genre.
First Isolation and Identifiaction of Agriphages in Vegetable Crops in West Africa (Cȏte d’Ivorie): Potential Uses of Biocontrol in Plants
Authors: Adioumani Akou Emmanuella , Kakou-Ngazoa Solange , Trebissou Jonhson Noel David , Thibaut Martin , Audrey Addabah , Aristide Koudu , Mireille Sina K. , Serge Aoussi , Mireille Dosso
Published: September 2023

Agriphages or bacterial viruses are ubiquitous in the environment. The discovery of virulent phages against phytobacteria improves crop growth and proposes biopesticide uses for plant diseases. In Africa, many phytobacteria such as Ralstonia, Clavibacter, and Xanthomonas were reported in several regions. This paper focuses on evaluating the presence of agriphages for the biocontrol of phytobacteria in Côte d'Ivoire. Leaves and soil samples were collected from healthy and diseased plants in three sites located in Anyama, Abidjan, and Bingerville. The pretreatments occurred with sterile and physiological water for leaves and soil samples, respectively. The isolation of agriphages was done on specific media with Xanthomonas campestris as bacterial host. Lytic activity was tested on agar media for five bacteria strains. After DNA extraction using the Qiagen method kit, molecular confirmation of agriphages was done by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR. From this study, five (5) agriphages were isolated in soil and leaves in site 2. These agriphages have all been isolated from Xanthomonas campestris and have a broad spectrum of lytic activity. Molecular characterization by RAPD-PCR showed that three of these agriphages are DNA phages. The dendrogram showed that phages ΦXanS1 and ΦXanS2 have 93% similarities, while ΦXanS1 and ΦXanS2 are 62% similar to ΦXanF1. This study is the first reported agriphages in West Africa, alongside their potential uses against phytobacteria for biocontrol infection in crops.