bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological feature and patterns of care of breast cancer patients in a peripheral tertiary care teaching institute: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Paul Chayan , Paul Bibek , Basu Abhishek
Published: December 2024

Background:

Breast cancer is the second-most common cancer worldwide and it is the most frequent cause of death due to cancer in women in India. Management of breast cancer requires multidisciplinary treatment. There are very limited data on clinicopathological features and patterns of care for breast cancer in resource-constrained area.

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to describe the clinicopathological feature of breast cancer and patterns of care provided to breast cancer patients in a peripheral tertiary care teaching institute catering to a rural population.

Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional study including 252 histologically proven breast cancer patients was done from January 2022 to December 2022. Clinical characteristics, diagnostic, treatment details, and patterns of care of individual patients were reviewed and compiled in a case record form and the data were analyzed.

Results:

Two hundred and fifty-two patients were included in the study. 90.9% of patient has infiltrating duct carcinoma. The median age of presentation is 46 years. 50.8% were postmenopausal. The left breast was involved in 56.7%. 47.6% had locally advanced disease and 9.5% had metastatic disease at presentation. 2.4% of patients had a positive family history, and only 45.6% of patients had known immunohistochemistry (IHC) status out of which 46.9% were estrogen receptor positive, 40% were progesterone receptor positive, 13% were Her 2 neu positive, and 46.9% were triple-negative breast cancer. 88.9% of patients underwent Modified Radical Mastectomy.

Conclusions:

Although breast cancer remains a major clinical problem in India, there are wide disparities in patterns of care among urban fully equipped state-of-the-art centers and peripheral centers catering majorly to a rural population. Our audit shows the majority of patients presenting with advanced disease, not having an IHC report and undergoing mastectomy which reflects both lack of screening, awareness as well as resource constraints that can challenge the delivery of optimal care.
A Comparative Study on Fixation of Unstable Lateral End Clavicle Fractures with Tightrope and Endobutton by Transcoracoid and Subcoracoid Cerclage Techniques
Authors: Kumar M. Kishor , Mylarappa Akshay
Published: December 2024

Background:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of patients treated with transcoracoid and subcoracoid cerclage techniques of fixation by tightrope and endobutton for lateral one-third clavicle fractures.

Materials and Methods:

Fourteen patients with lateral end clavicle fractures were operated either by transcoracoid technique (n = 8) or by subcoracoid cerclage technique (n = 6). Preoperatively, the variables of the patients including age, gender, side, and mechanism of injury Neer’s classification type were collected. The patients were followed up at 6 months and 1 year, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and subjective shoulder value (SSV) were analyzed along with range of motion and radiographic evaluation.

Results:

The clinical outcome at the end of 1 year was compared between the transcoracoid and subcoracoid cerclage techniques. The final coracoclavicular displacement at the end of 1 year was not significant (14.5 ± 1.6 mm and 14.33 ± 1.3 mm; P = 0.84). There was no significant difference in terms of final VAS score (1.38 ± 1.5 and 0.83 ± 0.9; P = 0.46), final ASES score (92.11 ± 3.4 and 93.68 ± 3.7; P = 0.37), final SSV % (89.83 ± 4.9 and 90.83 ± 3.7; P = 0.56), flexion (130° ± 15° and 135° ± 17°; P = 0.58), external rotation (65° ± 7° and 66° ± 5°; P = 0.65), and abduction (132° ± 21° and 146° ± 26°; P = 0.29), respectively.

Conclusion:

The functional and radiological outcomes of both surgical techniques did not show any significant difference, but marginally, better outcome was seen in the subclavicular technique. However subcoracoid technique may be considered superior in terms of better biomechanical strength, less complications, and lower cost.
Endoscopic Decompression for Haglund’s Deformity: Outcomes and Efficacy
Authors: Kapoor Rajat , Sharma Brijesh , Pal Chandra Prakash , Sharma Yashvardhan
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Haglund’s deformity, a bony prominence on the back of the heel, can cause significant pain and functional limitations. Endoscopic decompression has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery for addressing this condition. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and efficacy of endoscopic decompression for Haglund’s deformity.

Methodology:

A prospective observational study was conducted on 30 patients with Haglund’s deformity who underwent endoscopic decompression. Preoperative assessments included clinical evaluation, radiographic imaging, and functional outcome scores (AOFAS, Maryland Foot Score, and Visual Analog Scale [VAS]). Patients were followed up at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively, with outcomes assessed using the same measures.

Results:

The study demonstrated significant improvements in functional outcomes and pain reduction following endoscopic decompression. AOFAS scores improved from a baseline of 62.3 to 96.3 at 6 months, and Maryland Foot Scores increased from 74.1 to 98.2. VAS pain scores decreased substantially from 7.2 to 0.8. These improvements were sustained at 1-year follow-up. No major complications were reported.

Conclusion:

Endoscopic decompression for Haglund’s deformity is a safe and effective procedure that provides significant pain relief and functional improvement. This minimally invasive technique offers a promising alternative to open surgery, with the potential to enhance patients’ quality of life.
Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Pregnant Women with Different Types of Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Authors: Ejam Zainab Y. , Adem Şevki , Gatea Asmaa Kadhim
Published: December 2024

Background:

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for the implantation of a fertilized egg and for the development of placental blood vessels. This study was conducted to detect the serum VEGF level of pregnant with different types of assisted reproductive techniques in relation to the age group, body mass index (BMI), and type of infertility.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of serum VEGF in different types of assisted pregnancy.

Materials and Methods:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for the detection of VEGF levels in the serum of pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy with a spontaneous pregnancy (SP), pregnant women by intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF), in comparison with nonpregnant women (NP).

Results:

A highly significant increase was seen in the serum VEGF within the different studied pregnant groups compared to that of NP and no difference between IUI and IVF (P < 0.01). Statistical analysis showed a nonsignificant relation between the VEGF serum levels and the increase in age or BMI (P > 0.05). No significant differences were seen in VEGF serum levels between pregnant women with primary or secondary types of infertility (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in the serum of VEGF in IUI and IVF comparison to SP groups, whereas there is no difference between IUI and IVF. Age, BMI, and type of infertility showed no significant effect on serum VEGF levels.
The Evaluation of CD10 and HER2 Immunohistochemical Markers in Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder
Authors: Khattab Khalid W. Abdulfattah , Alazzo Nadwa Subhi , Mohammed Banan Burhan
Published: December 2024

Background:

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) has been considered the most frequent bladder tumor. Although the degree of bladder wall invasion and grade of the tumor are the essential prognostic factors in bladder carcinoma, there is no dependable parameter predicting patients’ outcomes.

Objectives:

To assess the frequency of CD10 expression (in tumor cells and tumor stroma) and HER2 (in tumor cells) in primary UC of the urinary bladder and to assess their relation with patients’ age, gender, grade, lympho-vascular invasion, and muscle invasion.

Materials and Methods:

In this retrospective case series study, 50 cases of primary bladder UC were obtained through a transurethral resection, and a study for CD10 and HER2 was done by immunohistochemical (IHC) technique.

Results:

The age of patients ranged from 34 to 90 years (mean = 59.9 years) with male to female ratio was 7.33:1. CD10 expression in tumor cells was positive in 60% of cases while in the stromal cells, it was only positive in 38% of the cases. HER2 IHC stain was positive in 20 cases (40%). A significant association was detected between stromal CD10 expression with the gender of patients, tumor grade, and muscle invasion (P = 0.0244, P = 0.004115, and P = 0.0378, respectively). HER2 IHC stain showed a significantly higher expression in higher grade and muscle invasion cases (P = 0.00875 and P = 0.0445, respectively). No significant association was detected between tumorous CD10 expression and any clinicopathological parameters.

Conclusion:

CD10 expression in stromal cells (not in tumor cells) and HER2 IHC stain can be used as prognostic markers in primary bladder UC.
Adropin and Preptin Levels in β-Thalassemia Major Complications in Babylon Province
Authors: Ali Zinah Abbass , Shammar Samar Hasan
Published: December 2024

Background:

Thalassemia refers to a group of diseases in which one or more globin chains are produced less or not at all, causing a wide range of phenotypes from anemia to clinically asymptomatic individuals. Disturbances in the homeostasis of carbohydrates, serum lipids, and oxidative stress are the most common diseases brought on by iron overload in beta-thalassemia major (β-TM).

Objective:

To examine the association of biochemical parameters with β-TM complications in Babylon Province.

Materials and Methods:

This study involved 100 individuals, separated into two groups: 50 subjects and 50 controls. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to measure cystatin-C, ferritin, insulin, preptin, and adropin, while serum blood urea (B. urea), serum creatinine (S.Cr), and lipid profile along with fasting glucose concentration were calculated by colorimetric kit using the spectrophotometer method.

Results:

Serum samples were used to measure biochemical parameters of S.Cr, urea, cystatin-C, ferritin, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, adropin, preptin, and lipid profile. Adropin in the patient group of thalassemia was significantly decreased compared to the healthy controls (P < 0.001). However, preptin, cystatin-C, ferritin, B. urea, and S.Cr were elevated in the patient groups compared to the control group (P < 0.005). Also, the lipid profile, including triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein, showed significant differences between patient group of thalassemia and the control group.

Conclusion:

Adropin and preptin were considerable predictive markers for the development of complications in patients with β-TM.
Unilateral Gemination of the Upper First Permanent Molar: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Khaleel Ameera Kamal , AlRifai Ali Sultan , Bin Shaari Ramizu , Nawi Mohamad Arif Awang
Published: December 2024

Gemination or a double tooth is a rare condition experienced in dental clinics, in which usually the tooth shows one root and two intertwined crowns. It is an incomplete separation for one tooth. The etiology of gemination is multifactorial, such as environmental factors, trauma, and genetics. The study aimed to find the prevalence rate of gemination in Karbala city population. In the present article, an orthopantomogram of 550 patients visiting the oral and maxillofacial private radiology clinic in Al-Mina Dental Center, Iraq/Karbala City was examined for the presence of tooth gemination. The results revealed that only one case of unilateral gemination of the upper first maxillary permanent molar in a male patient 32 years old was reported. The study concludes that the low prevalence rate of gemination confirms the role of racial factors.
Detection and Role of Some Interleukins and Tumor Necrotic Factor Alpha among Patients with Tuberculosis
Authors: Alfatlawi Wael Rasheed Obaead , Khudhair Marwa Kadhim , Ali Jwan Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Background:

The bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis (TB), a contagious illness. Primarily, it affects the respiratory system, although it may also influence other parts of the body (known as extrapulmonary TB).

Objective:

This study aims to measure the levels of IL-2, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF-α in patients infected with TB and determine the influence of these cytokines on the confirmed infection.

Materials and Methods:

This study is limited to 40 collected samples from individuals diagnosed with TB. The selected samples ranged between (20–70) years of age, in addition to the other 40 who are apparently healthy as a control group within the same age range. The studied samples were collected between February 2020 and February 2021 from the Babylon Center for Tuberculosis and Chest Disease. Serum was used to estimate the levels of IL-2, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF-α using a sandwich ELISA experiment.

Results:

The results revealed a highly significant increase in IL-2 levels 83.88 ± 10.62 ng/L in TB patients compared to healthy individuals 58.22 ± 3.12 ng/L, The IL-10 levels showed highly significant differences between the tested subjects (P > 0.05). The mean IL-17 level was increased in TB patients to 115.14 ± 7.99 ng/L, whereas it decreased to 80.00 ± 7.07 ng/L in healthy individuals, and the serum TNF-α concentration was increased in TB patients to 1.33 ± 0.28 ng/L compared to healthy individuals at 0.515 ± 0.07 ng/L.

Conclusions:

IL-2, IL-10, and IL-17 were significant components of the immune response to TB; their distinct profiles, obtained from easily accessible kits, might be used to diagnose TB cases. TNF-α is a significant contributor to both the prevention and progression of TB.
Molecular Identification Based on β-Tubulin of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection among Women in Babylon Province
Authors: Kermasha Zainab Waddah , Al-Masoudi Hayam Khalis , Mohammed Suhaila Fadhil
Published: December 2024

Background:

Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) is an anaerobic flagellated parasite that usually infects the female genitourinary system. The traditional diagnostic tools of T. vaginalis, like wet-mount microscopy, have several limitations regarding technical requirements and accuracy. Consequently, to control the spread of trichomoniasis, fast and accurate detection of trichomoniasis represents a crucial factor in the treatment plan.

Objectives:

This study was performed to utilize polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays as a diagnostic tool for T. vaginalis.

Materials and Methods:

Vaginal swabs were obtained from 186 women who were admitted to the gynecology clinic in Al Sadiq Hospital in Babil Governorate in Iraq. Additionally, a questionnaire was gathered from the female participants regarding their age, residency, history of abortion, and symptoms. DNAs were extracted from the swabs, and conserved β-tubulin genes were amplified using specific primers.

Results:

Of the 186 participant females, 40 women showed positive PCR outcomes of T. vaginalis β-tubulin gene versus only seven positive cases detected by wet-mount microscopy. Residency and age-related prevalence of T. vaginalis infection were not statistically significant, despite the higher positive cases reported in urban areas. Additionally, higher percentages of history of abortion were seen in infected females versus noninfected females. Clinical diagnosis demonstrated that vaginal discharge and itching were the most prevalent symptoms reported by infected females.

Conclusion:

PCR assay used in the current study showed a beneficial and fast diagnostic ability of T. vaginalis because of its high sensitivity and specificity. Consequently, this would blunt the transmission of trichomoniasis among individuals, especially infected patients with asymptomatic properties.
Nurses’ Perspectives of the Supportive Care Needs of Men with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Abboud Roula Mohammad , Saker Nassim Samir , Kadhim Amal Khalaf , Sahi Mohammad Mahdi Saeed , Hussein Hussein Kadhim , Hermis Alaa Hamza
Published: December 2024

Background:

Prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer affecting men. Perceptions of oncology nurses regarding educational needs would assist in gaining more understanding of survivor needs and ultimately provide better quality care to individuals who have completed cancer treatment.

Objectives:

To investigate the nurses’ point of view about the priority and the degree of importance of educational needs for prostate cancer patients.

Materials and Methods:

The current study used a descriptive design and was conducted at the chemotherapy and radiology center of Tishreen University Hospital in Lattakia City, Syria during 2020–2021. The study comprised 50 nurses in the chemotherapy department. Tools used in the study were adopted from the Toronto Informational Needs Questionnaire Cancer by the researchers to achieve the purpose of the study.

Results:

The majority of studied nurses (82%) aged between 30 and 40 years old, also about half of nurses (46%) were single, two third of nurses (66%) have preparatory degree, the highest ratio of nurses (60%) have from 1 to 5 years of experience, whereas the most of nurses (70%) have from 6 to 10 years of experience in general nursing; finally most of the nurses (78%) did not have any oncology training session. The results also found that there were a statistically significant differences in oncology nursing opinion according to their age, educational level, and years of experience in oncology nursing, whereas there were no statistically significant differences according to the marital status, years of nursing experience in general and training sessions.

Conclusion:

All the information needed by prostate cancer patients is of low importance from the studied nurses’ point of view except the psychological needs with moderate importance. There is a high statistically significant difference in oncology nursing opinion according to the age, educational level, and years of experience.
A Correlation of Alarin with Some Anthropometric Measurements in Iraqi Type II Diabetic Patients
Authors: Al-Shaabani Russell S. A. , Alaaraj Shakir F. T.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of chronic metabolic diseases that affect the body’s ability to produce insulin. It is one of the most common endocrine disorders.

Objectives:

This study aims to measure whether there was any association between alarin and some anthropometric measurements (AMs) such as waist/nick (W/N), waist/thoracic (W/T), waist/hip (W/H) in Iraqi type II diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods:

This study included 43 patients from Ramadi Teaching Hospitals, in addition to 43 healthy controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum alarin level, while the fasting serum glucose (FSG) level was determined by enzymatic colorimetric methods.

Results:

Serum alarin (ng/mL) was higher in DM patients than in HCs (P < 0.0001), body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in patients with T2DM, in addition, FSG) mg/dL (was higher in T2DM than HCs. Furthermore, alarin was positively associated with BMI (0.151), W/H (0.006), W/T (0.008), W/N (0.1260), and FSG (0.612). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicates that alarin and FSG were excellent sensitive markers in the diagnosis of T2DM. Moreover, ROC indicated that W/N gave good sensitive signs. New values of the cutoff value for studied variables have been estimated as follows: alarin (>2.035 ng/mL), W/H (>0.9554), W/T (>0.9633), W/N (>2.665), H/T (>1.06), and FSG (>116.5 mg/dL).

Conclusion:

A very weak correlation appeared for alarin with AMs; the serum level of alarin was higher in T2DM than HCS; this means alarin may be used as a novel biomarker in the detection of T2DM and may be an effective biomarker in the diagnostic test for the disease.
Laparoscopic psychomotor skill proficiency of Filipino medical doctors in-training in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines
Authors: Comendador Maria Mikaela Vitug , Sicam Renee Vina G. , Catena Ursula , Tanos Vasillios , Wilde Rudy Leon De
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The conventional teaching of laparoscopic surgery in academic centers in the apprentice/mentor model is highly subjective. The Gynecological Endoscopic Surgical Education and Assessment is a well-structured education program proposed by the European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy (ESGE). This program uses the Laparoscopic Skills Training and Testing (LASTT) kit, an objective, validated, and measurable test to evaluate an individual’s competence level in basic laparoscopic psychomotor skills. The LASTT kit may be used to assess the basic laparoscopic psychomotor skills of Filipino doctors, guide surgical training recruitment, and improve the local minimally invasive surgery curriculum.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE:

The study will describe the implementation of the LASTT kit in evaluating the psychomotor skills of Filipino physicians in training and assess the feasibility and user acceptance of the kit.

METHODOLOGY:

A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used. A total of 34 trainees (19 medical interns and 15 surgical residents) were included. All trainees underwent the LASTT test to have the baseline data for comparison of each cohort. A posttest questionnaire for the feasibility and user acceptance of the kit was accomplished.

RESULTS:

A majority of participants were right-handed, and female, with 0–30 laparoscopic assists. The mean age of surgical residents was higher than medical interns. Surgical residents showed a significantly shorter time to accomplish the exercises than medical interns. Finally, it showed that the kit was clear and understandable, easy to use, and represented a realistic model of the actual laparoscopic surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

The surgical residents were superior to medical interns in laparoscopic psychomotor skills, which supports that hands-on training and exposure to procedures improve skill proficiency. Furthermore, the LASTT kit was well accepted and would greatly aid in recruitment and skills training in the Philippines.
Iatrogenic uterine perforation with intra-endometrial bowel entrapment managed through minimally invasive surgery: An interesting case
Authors: Yu Mary Carmel O. , Blateria Adonis A.
Published: December 2024

This is a case of a 35-year-old Gravida 5 Para 5 (5005) who underwent curettage for retained placental fragments after delivering her fifth child. Within 16-month postpartum, the patient had nonspecific occasional abdominal pain and oligomenorrhea. Imaging studies revealed a uterine defect with a bowel segment passing through. A referral to a tertiary-level hospital was made. Hysteroscopy was attempted; however, an obliterated cervical canal was encountered. Laparoscopy revealed a 10 cm ileal segment completely herniating into a 2.5 cm uterine defect at the posterior uterine wall. Laparoscopic enterolysis followed by hysterectomy, extracorporeal resection, and anastomosis of the involved ileal segment was performed. This is an uncommon case of an iatrogenic uterine perforation following curettage after a term pregnancy. Its unique clinical presentation and intraoperative findings resulted in an equally unique array of surgical approach.
Visual field patterns in glaucoma: A systematic review
Authors: Vandersnickt Marlies F. , van Eijgen Jan , Lemmens Sophie , Stalmans Ingeborg , Pinto Luís A. , Vandewalle Evelien M.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this literature study is to investigate the specific visual field defects for each glaucoma subtype and evaluate their pattern of progression. A systematic search was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines in Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library on January 23, 2024. The literature search identified 3332 records after deduplication. Sixty-nine articles were included after screening and assessment for eligibility. Specific visual field patterns for primary open-angle glaucoma, normal-tension glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma, and juvenile open-angle glaucoma were summed up. Since the search results on visual field progression only covered primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma, the further analysis was confined to these glaucoma subtypes. This systematic review summarizes the literature concerning visual field patterns in glaucoma for the ophthalmologist.
Uveal Melanoma and its Various Presentations – A Series of Case Reports
Authors: Das Sujit
Published: December 2024

Ocular melanoma is usually a secondary cancer and very rare. Ocular melanoma typically does not cause early signs or symptoms and hence is difficult to detect. About 12% of uveal melanoma arises from the ciliary body. Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary intra-ocular malignant tumour and the second most common metastatic site. Complications are glaucoma, vision loss, and metastasis to liver, lungs, and bones. Fine needle aspiration cytology can have significant morbidity and should only be considered if therapeutic intervention is indicated and diagnosis cannot be established by any other means.
Intra Orbital Foreign Body; A Case Series
Authors: Ilango Krishnamurthy , Ravikumar Gopalakrishnan , Swetha Senthil , Senthilnathan V.
Published: December 2024

Intra-orbital foreign body (IOFB) refer to foreign objects that penetrate the ocular globe wall and become lodged in the eye. Intra-orbital foreign body vary in nature, anatomical location, size, and shape and sometimes might cause serious threats to vision, some foreign body can be left alone depending on their nature whether it is organic or non-organic, and their chemical nature. This article deals with a case series of intraocular foreign body, their varied presentations, and how the radiological features helped in localization and planning intervention.
Neoadjuvant Intra-arterial Cytoreductive Chemotherapy for Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Vijay Vathsalya , Gudkar Avriel I. , Koka Kirthi , Mukherjee Bipasha
Published: December 2024

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common lacrimal gland malignancy. Despite poor prognosis, the advent of neoadjuvant intra-arterial cytoreductive chemotherapy (IACC) can improve survival. We report the first case of lacrimal gland ACC from the Indian subcontinent managed with IACC. A 45-year-old gentleman presented with painful proptosis with restricted ocular movements in right eye for 6 months. Imaging showed an ill-defined heterogeneous mass involving the right lacrimal gland with calcification and adjacent bony erosion. Incision biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of lacrimal gland ACC. He received 2 cycles of neoadjuvant intra-arterial cisplatin before tumour excision followed by adjuvant chemoradiation. He had no recurrence at 6 years of follow-up. IACC helps to reduce tumour size, thereby enabling complete tumour excision and globe salvage. IACC is a treatment option worth considering for patients presenting with a large lacrimal gland ACC.
Hemşirelikte Alzheimer Hastalarına Yönelik Yapılmış Lisansüstü Tezlerin Sistematik İncelenmesi
Authors: Toru Fadime
Published: December 2024

Artan yaşlı nüfusta giderek artan oranda sağlık problemleri çıkmaya başlamıştır. Yaşlanmayla beraber meydana gelen fiziksel ve ruhsal sorunlar, yeni bakım ve tedavi yöntemi arayışını gündeme getirmiş ve yaşam süresinin artması ile birlikte bireylerde meydana gelebilecek hastalıklarda da artış yaşanmıştır. Hemşirelik literatürü incelendiğinde Alzheimer tanısı alan hastalarda hem fiziksel hem psikolojik sorunların görüldüğü, görülen tüm bu sorunların hastaların ve bakım vericilerin yaşamını önemli ölçüde etkilediği saptanmış olup yapılan çalışmaların daha çok uluslararası düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ülkemizde yaklaşık 600 bin Alzheimer hastası olduğu ve henüz tanı almayan çok sayıda hastanın var olduğu bilinmesine rağmen hemşirelik alanında lisansüstü tezler dışında kullanıldığı çalışma sayısı çok azdır. Bu nedenle bu sistematik derlemenin amacı Türkiye’de hemşirelik alanında yapılan lisansüstü tezlerde Alzheimer hastaları ile yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi ve sonuçlarının ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırmada Alzheimer hastaları ile ilgili hemşirelik alanında yapılan lisansüstü tezlerin çeşidi, yayın yılı, amacı, örneklemi, sayısı, yayınlanma durumları, yöntem ve sonuçları incelenmiştir. Çalışma 15.07.2023-08.06.2024 tarihleri arasında YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanından “Alzheimer, Alzheimer ve bakım vericiler, hemşirelik” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak tezler taranmıştır. Veri toplamada araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “tez değerlendirme formu” kullanılmıştır. Veriler değerlendirilirken tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Yapılan arama sonucunda 21 tez bulunmuş olup, bu tezlerden 16'sı yüksek lisans, 5'i ise doktora tezidir. Tezlerin %14’ü 2017 yılında, %38,1’i Hemşirelik Anabilim dalında yapılırken, %61,9’u tanımlayıcı türde yapılmıştır. Tezlerde örneklemi %52,3’ünü Alzheimer hastalarına bakım verici bireyler oluşturmuştur. Hasta ve hastaya bakım veren birey popülasyonuna baktığımızda ise her ikisinde de kadın cinsiyeti fazla sayıdadır. Tezlerin %52,4’ü yayına çevrilmiştir. Tezlerin konu dağılımına bakıldığında %42,8’i bakım veren bireylerin yaşadıkları güçlüklerle (bakım yükü) ilgili olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışmada tezlerin %76,2’si yüksek lisans tezi olarak yapılmıştır. Tezlerin %61,9’unun tanımlayıcı tipte yapıldığı görülmekte olup, %52,4’ünün de makale olarak yayınlanmadığı belirlenmiştir. Alzheimer tanısı alan hastalarla ve bakım veren bireylerle yapılan çalışmaların arttırılması, randomize kontrollü çalışmaların yapılması, lisansüstü eğitim kalitesinin arttırılması ve sayıca az olan doktora tez çalışmalarının arttırılması önerilmektedir.
MAKİNELERDE HIZ DEĞİŞİKLİĞİNİN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİĞE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ: BİR MATEMATİKSEL MODEL
Authors: Özçelik Feriştah , Saraç Tuğba , Ertem Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Sürdürülebilirlik, ekonomik büyüme, sosyal refah ve doğal çevreyi koruma arasında denge kurmayı hedefleyen bir yaklaşımdır. Günümüzde, şirketler, toplumlar ve bireyler faaliyetlerini sürdürülebilir bir şekilde yürütmek için çözümler aramakta ve sürdürülebilirlik stratejilerini benimsemektedir. Enerji tüketimi ve kaynak kullanımı sürdürülebilirlik açısından oldukça önemli faktörlerdendir. Bu nedenle üretim faaliyetleri, geleneksel yönetim anlayışları yerine, sürdürülebilirlik stratejileri ile yönetilmelidir. Üretimde önemli bir yere sahip olan makine çizelgeleme problemini ele alan çalışmalarda genellikle sürdürülebilirlik kavramı gözardı edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, makinaların hız değişiklikleri ve enerji tüketimleri kaynaklı maliyetler de dahil edilerek, işletmelerin sürdürülebilirlik performanslarının iyileştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında hız değişikliğinin dikkate alındığı makine çizelgeleme problemi ele alınmış ve problem için bir matematiksel model geliştirilmiştir. Rassal türetilen test problemleri önerilen matematiksel model ile çözülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar, makinaların hız değişikliklerinin optimize edilmesinin enerji tasarrufu sağladığını, kaynak kullanımını optimize ettiğini ve çevresel etkileri azalttığını göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, bu alanda karar vericilere ve endüstriyel kullanıcılara rehberlik edebilir ve sürdürülebilir üretim sistemlerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayabilir.
YARDIMCI YAN SANAYİ PARÇA GRUPLAMA VE KALIP ATAMA SÜRECİNİN MATEMATİKSEL MODEL VE MAKİNE ÖĞRENMESİ İLE PLANLANMASI
Authors: Sağır Müjgan , Çelebi Pelin
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma beyaz eşya sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir işletmenin montaj hatlarında kullanılan parçaları üreten yardımcı yan sanayilerin; üretim verimliliğini artıracak şekilde gruplanması ve yan sanayilerin üretecekleri montaj parçası miktarlarının belirlenmesi problemini ele almaktadır. Yan sanayilerden üretim hattına gelen çok sayıda parçanın tedariği sırasında yaşanan gecikmeler üretimi aksatmaktadır. Bu süreci iyileştirmek için yan sanayilerin kendi aralarında gruplanarak, ürettikleri çeşitli montaj parçalarının firmaya geldikten sonra birleştirilmesi yerine firma dışında bu üretici firmalarca birleştirilmesi ve işletmeye, montaja hazır halde getirilmesi bu sayede malzeme duruşlarının, süreç içerisindeki lojistik masraflarının azaltılması ve üretim hattının verimliliğinin arttırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu yaklaşım ana firma için zaman kazandıracak fakat yan sanayilerce gruplanacak parçaların tüm ambalajlama maliyetleri ve aradaki tüm taşıma maliyetleri gibi ek maliyetler de getirecektir. Ayrıca hangi yan sanayiye hangi işlerin verileceğinin, bu karara bağlı olarak hangi yan sanayiye hangi kalıbın tedarik edileceğinin de belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Ek olarak yan sanayilerin bir ürünü üretebilmek için bir dizi yetkinliğe sahip olması gerekmektedir. Yardımcı yan sanayilerin üretme yetkinliği olan parça gruplarını kolayca çıkarsamaya yarayacak bir makine öğrenmesi kodu kullanıcı dostu bir arayüz ile tasarlanmıştır. Makine öğrenmesi ile parça gruplarını üretebilecek yetkin yardımcı yan sanayiler ve eniyi eşleşmeleri bulunmakta, ardından geliştirilen matematiksel model bu bilgiyi girdi alarak üretilecek miktarları belirlemektedir. Yaklaşımın yan sanayisi ve benzer problemi olan pek çok işletmeye ve literatüre katkısı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Erişilebilen literatür incelendiğinde, bu problemin ele alındığı ve çözüm yaklaşımı geliştirildiği görülmemiştir.
ÇAPRAZ SEVKİYATTA BÜTÜNLEŞİK KAPI ATAMA VE KAMYON ÇİZELGELEME PROBLEMİ İÇİN BİR MATEMATİKSEL MODEL
Authors: Saraç Tuğba , Özçelik Feriştah
Published: December 2024

Çapraz sevkiyat, farklı tedarikçilerden gelen ürünlerin bir depoda sevkiyat noktalarına göre birleştirilerek genelde 24 saat içinde sevk edildiği depolama sürecidir. Bu işlemlerin gerçekleştirildiği merkezlerde, kamyonların hangi kapılara hangi sırada atandığı, işlemlerin tamamlanma zamanlarını oldukça etkileyen bir karardır. Bu nedenle literatürde, kamyonların kapılara atanması ve çizelgelenmesi problemi (KKAÇP) sıklıkla ele alınmıştır. Ancak bu çalışmalarda genellikle kapılara atanacak işçi sayısı ve kapıların hangi tip kamyonlara hizmet verebileceği konuları göz ardı edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ilk defa kapılara atanacak işçi sayılarının ve hem gelen kamyonlara hem de giden kamyonlara hizmet verebilen karma kapıların dikkate alındığı bütünleşik KKAÇP ele alınmıştır. Ele alınan problemin çözümü için bir matematiksel model önerilmiştir. Önerilen modelin performansı rassal türetilen test problemleri kullanılarak gösterilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, önerilen çözüm yaklaşımı ile son işin tamamlanma zamanının klasik yaklaşıma göre ortalama %52 oranında iyileştiğini ortaya koymuştur.
HİDROELEKTRİK ENERJİ ÜRETİMİNİN DEMATEL VE REGRESYON YÖNTEMLERİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Güler Ezgi , Yerel Kandemir Suheyla , Aladağ Zerrin
Published: December 2024

Yenilenemeyen enerji kaynaklarının çevresel zararları ve yüksek maliyetleri yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının tercih edilmesine neden olmaktadır. Türkiye'de hidroelektrik enerji üretimi en önemli yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından biridir. Gelecekte üretilecek enerjinin yaklaşık olarak tahmin edilebilmesi enerji planlaması açısından son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'nin 1985-2022 yılları arasındaki 38 yıllık hidroelektrik enerji üretim değerleri polinom ve üstel regresyon modelleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Tahmin yöntemlerinin uygunluğu Ortalama Mutlak Yüzde Hata (MAPE) ve Belirlilik Katsayısı (R2) performans metrikleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. MAPE değerleri polinomal ve üstel regresyon yöntemleri için sırasıyla %15,755 ve %18,393 olarak elde edilmiştir. Bu değerlere göre regresyon modelleri “iyi model” statüsündedir. Elde edilen MAPE değerlerine göre polinomal regresyon yöntemi tahminleme açısından daha elverişlidir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye'de 2032 yılına kadar hidroelektrik enerji üretim verileri polinomal regresyon modeli ile tahminlenmiştir. R2 değeri polinomal regresyon yöntemi için 0,828 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sadece zaman (yıl) değişkeni ele alınarak yapılan analizlerde elde edilen R2 değeri incelendiğinde analize dahil edilmesi gereken/önerilen yedi adet kriter Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) tekniklerinden biri olan The Decision Making Trial And Evaulation Laboratory (DEMATEL) ile analiz edilmiştir. DEMATEL yöntemi ile belirlenen eşik değere göre hidroelektrik enerji üretimine etki eden kriterler etkileyen ve etkilenen kriterler olarak gruplandırılabilmiştir. Ayrıca her bir kriterin hidroelektrik üretim sürecindeki önem düzeyi belirlenerek kriter ağırlıkları elde edilmiştir. DEMATEL yöntemi sonuçlarına göre akarsu verimi ile baraj ve rezervuar kapasitesi kriterleri regresyon analizine dahil edilmesi öngörülen ve önemli bağımsız değişkenler olarak sunulmuştur. Tahminleme ve karar verme sürecinden elde edilen tüm bulgular karar vericilere öngörü sağlaması açısından önemlidir.
THE ADVANTAGES AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TRANSITION TO ZERO TRUST ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Süzen Ahmet Ali , Ceylan Osman
Published: December 2024

As the number of people working remotely increases, it is insufficient for organizations to protect the boundaries of their digital networks. To protect these boundaries, organizations need adaptive solutions that perform full authentication, authenticate every access request, and quickly detect and respond to both on- and off-network threats. Within this motivation, zero trust is a next generation security strategy based on the principle of “never trust, always verify”. In this study, the basic principles applied from the transition processes to zero trust architecture are evaluated and the advantages of this architecture to the security scope are examined. At the same time, the challenges that organizations that want to implement zero trust architecture will face in this transition are evaluated. The transition to zero trust architecture requires cumulative serious changes in the IT infrastructure of organizations. Zero trust architecture aims to build a system in which all information assets, users and data flow are constantly labeled as untrustworthy and therefore need to be constantly verified. The successful implementation of the zero-trust approach in organizational structures provides advantages such as dynamic authentication, increased endpoint security and strict control over data flows. However, it is also seen that challenges such as network identity management and data monitoring arise during the transition and implementation of zero trust architecture.
A NEW SPECIFIC CARBON FOOTPRINT (SCF) THEORY OF FLOW RATE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION VARIATIONS OF AN INDUSTRIAL INTERNAL GEAR PUMP
Authors: Özdamar Osman , Öztürk Burak
Published: December 2024

Pumps in fuel oil systems are mechanical equipment used for the transfer of liquid fluid from one place to another. In particular, pumps are required to transfer the maximum flow rate in the transfer units in minimum time. They consume a very high amount of energy for this transfer. In this research, research studies were carried out to ensure the transfer of the highest possible amount of fuel oil by consuming energy at optimal rates. In this experimental study, the energy consumption and flow rate were measured across a range of engine speeds (100-700 RPM) and varying gear lengths (90-100 mm). According to the findings, energy consumption reached ideal levels at 600 RPM engine speed. In addition, it was determined that the lowest CO2 emission was obtained in the range of 600-700 RPM and by using long gear length. In addition, it is observed that the effect of gear length on energy efficiency is significant and energy consumption decreases as the gear length gets shorter. The results show that minimum energy consumption can be obtained with maximum flow rate at 609 RPM engine speed and 100 mm gear length. The ANOVA analysis used in the study reveals that the flow rate changes are 98% related to the engine speed, while the gear length is 78% effective in CO2 emission reduction. This research provides an important contribution to energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction in industrial applications. This study provides an innovative method that can be used to achieve energy saving and environmental sustainability goals and makes valuable contributions to the literature on optimizing internal gear pump designs.
Mansilla, Silvina Luz (comp). Ana Carrique. Su trayectoria, su música. Buenos Aires: EDAMus, 2023. Buenos Aires: EDAMus, 2023, 154 pp. Libro Digital, PDF. ISBN : 978-987-48674-8-3
Authors: Lobato Silvia
Published: December 2024

Celebramos un nuevo libro publicado en 2023 por la editorial del Departamento de Artes Musicales y Sonoras de la Universidad Nacional de las Artes, dedicado a la compositora argentina Ana Carrique (1886-1979), el tercer aporte bibliográfico referido a compositoras argentinas del siglo XX de esa editorial. La publicación es resultado de sucesivos proyectos de investigación dirigidos por Silvina Luz Mansilla desde 2013, en este caso compiladora del volumen y autora. Participan también Ricardo Jeckel, Silvia Trachcel y Jazmín Tiscornia, con un prólogo de Romina Dezillio, todos integrantes de los proyectos mencionados. El diseño de tapa es de Ana Magdalena Jeckel y el libro está dedicado a la memoria de la pianista Dora Castro.
ŽENIDBA SMAILAGIĆ MEHA – A POEM AS CULTURAL HERITAGE EXPRESSION
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost ‒ Cetinje, ČOGURIĆ Aleksandar
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the author reflects on intangible cultural elements in poem Ženidba Smailagić Meha (Marriage of Smailagić Meho). The analyzed materials are viewed as cultural products and inherited symbols reflecting the social stratification of the area in which they arise and the result of upgrading inherited dispositions. From individual and collective perspective, cultural products are seen as an integral part of cultural identity, which is accepted as such and without interpreting the processes and the flows of their creation. The classification of cultural products is inappropriate from the general perspective of the cultural approach, but is necessary in situations when they are described in more detail. In the process of exchange among the members of the collective, each cultural element receives a unique symbolic meaning. The topic of author’s interest included heroism, honour, truth, word, welcoming guests, war, sacrifice, and traitor.
SOME SPECIFIC FEATURES OF MILITARY TERMINOLOGY OF THE MONTENEGRIN ARMED FORCES
Authors:   Fakultet političkih nauka, KNEŽEVIĆ Saša , MARTINOVIĆ Srđa ,   Ministarstvo odbrane
Published: December 2024

The authors of this paper reflect on the specific features of the terminology that is used in the Montenegrin Armed Forces. Namely, the constant struggle for freedom has caused numerous specifics to develop in the Montenegrin Armed Forces, including in the field of language. Initially, these specific terms were informal, non-standardized, and it was only since the beginning of the reign of Prince Danilo and his organization of the Montenegrin Armed Forces that they would take on a new dimension. Since that time, most of such terms would move from colloquial into formal use. The terms used in this context were utilized to denote ranks, weapons and other items, positions and military-related relations and constitute a specific terminological quality of the Montenegrin language.
In memoriam: SVETOZAR KOLJEVIĆ (1930–2016)
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost ‒ Cetinje, RADOMAN Aleksandar
Published: December 2024

With the death of Svetozar Koljević, South Slavic literature studies lost not only one of the renowned anglicists, but also a significant comparativist, excellent connoisseur of South Slavic oral epic and lucid interpreter of Njegoš’s works. In all the fields of literary studies he tackled, Koljević left a significant trace. Recognizable in style, on the border of essayistic and literary, with insightful observations and broad interests, Koljević has earned the title of one of the greatest Serbian essayists of the twentieth century, but also that of one of the most lucid spirits of South Slavic humanities in general. Koljević’s work in the field of literary Montenegristics belongs to its most valuable achievements in the last four decades.
CRNOGORSKA USMENA TUŽBALICA BY ADNAN ČIRGIĆ
Authors: PIŽURICA Krsto
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the author presents a monograph Crnogorska usmena tužbalica, authored by Adnan Čirgić. The paper notes incredible methodological width and richness of the used literature and conclusions offered. Constituting a research breakthrough in a field that is yet to be fully explored, Čirgić’s monograph on laments is one of the most important publications in Montenegristics and science in general.
Выставка-посвящение «Мое наследство — дулёвский фарфор»: аналитический обзор
Authors: Гольский И.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье приведен аналитический обзор выставки, организованной в рамках Года педагога и наставника (2023 год) к 75-летию со дня рождения Людмилы Романовны Ведерниковой — хранителя коллекции керамики и стекла Омского областного музея изобразительных искусств имени М.А. Врубеля. Выставка в Омске представила коллекцию дулёвского фарфора, собранную в Москве учеником в дар учителю и в знак благодарной памяти. Определены цель, актуальность и уникальность выставочного проекта, описана его концепция, проанализированы тематико-экспозиционный план и ключевые экспонаты. Выставка акцентировала внимание на дружбе Л.Р. Ведерниковой и скульпторов Дулёвского фарфорового завода А.Д. Бржезицкой и Г.И. Соркиной. Впервые после 1987 года скульптурная композиция «Кактусисты» Г.И. Соркиной демонстрировалась в качестве кашпо для живых цветущих кактусов на фоне авторских эскизов, сообщающих идею автора. В качестве ключевого экспоната выделена скульптура «Татарский танец» А.Д. Бржезицкой, представленная после атрибуции с указанием имени и роли танцовщицы, краткими биографическими сведениями.

The article reviews the exhibition organised as part of the Year of the Teacher and Mentor 2023 on the 75th anniversary of the birth of Lyudmila R. Vedernikova, the curator of the ceramics and glass collection of the Omsk Regional Museum of Fine Arts names after M.A. Vrubel. The exhibition in Omsk presented a collection of Dulevsky porcelain, assembled in Moscow by a student as a gift to a teacher and as a sign of grateful memory. The author of the review delineated the purpose, relevance, and uniqueness of the exhibition project, elucidated its conceptual framework, conducted a critical analysis of the thematic and exhibition plan, and provided a detailed examination of the key exhibits. The exposition focused on the friendship of L.R. Vedernikova and sculptors of the Dulevsky Porcelain Factory — Asta Brzezitskaya and Galina Sorkina. For the first time since 1987, the sculptural composition “Cactusmen” by G.I. Sorkina was shown as a planter for live flowering cacti against the background of the author's sketches, which served to elucidate the conceptual underpinnings of the work. As a key exhibit, the sculpture “Tatar Dance” by A.D. Brzezitskaya was highlighted, presented after attribution with the indication of the name and role of the dancer, brief biographical information.