bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PLL Based Digital Adaptive Filter for Detecting Interharmonics
Authors: Özdemir Ayhan , Taştan Mehmet
Published: June 2014

Studies on the PLL (phase locked loop) based interharmonic measurements have been considerably increased recently. The method proposed in this study is a hybrid method based on the frequency analysis. The proposed method presents solutions for the leading problems about the interharmonic measurement, such as fundamental frequency shifting, spectral leakage, and picket‐fence effect, using digital PLL and adaptive notch filter. In addition, a new approach is presented to solve the multizero crossing problem encountered in the analysis of the harmonic‐interharmonic. Both simulative and field data tests have been performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Optimization of Large-Scale Culture Conditions for the Production of Cordycepin withCordyceps militarisby Liquid Static Culture
Authors: Kang Chao , Wen Ting-Chi , Kang Ji-Chuan , Meng Ze-Bing , Li Guang-Rong , Hyde Kevin D.
Published: June 2014

Cordycepin is one of the most important bioactive compounds produced by species ofCordyceps sensu lato, but it is hard to produce large amounts of this substance in industrial production. In this work, single factor design, Plackett-Burman design, and central composite design were employed to establish the key factors and identify optimal culture conditions which improved cordycepin production. Using these culture conditions, a maximum production of cordycepin was 2008.48 mg/L for 700 mL working volume in the 1000 mL glass jars and total content of cordycepin reached 1405.94 mg/bottle. This method provides an effective way for increasing the cordycepin production at a large scale. The strategies used in this study could have a wide application in other fermentation processes.
A Preconditioned Multisplitting and Schwarz Method for Linear Complementarity Problem
Authors: Liu Cuiyu , Li Chen-liang
Published: June 2014

The preconditioner presented by Hadjidimos et al. (2003) can improve on the convergence rate of the classical iterative methods to solve linear systems. In this paper, we extend this preconditioner to solve linear complementarity problems whose coefficient matrix isM-matrix orH-matrix and present a multisplitting and Schwarz method. The convergence theorems are given. The numerical experiments show that the methods are efficient.
Analytical Solution for the Sound Radiation Field of a Viscoelastically Supported Beam Traversed by a Moving Load
Authors: Shakeri Rezgar , Younesian Davood
Published: June 2014

Sound radiation from a beam resting on a viscoelastic foundation is analytically studied when it is subjected to a moving load. The topic could cover a range of applications such as submerged floating tunnels, buried pipelines, and railway tracks. Galerkin’s method is employed to obtain the transverse vibration of the beam. Based on the Rayleigh integral approach, acoustic pressure distribution around the beam is obtained in the time domain. In the second part of this paper, corresponding displacement and acoustic pressure are obtained by the use of the Rayleigh-Ritz approach in conjunction with the Laplace transform method and by the use of the Fourier transform, respectively. Durbin’s numerical Laplace transform inversion scheme is eventually employed to obtain dynamic responses. A parametric study is then carried out and influences of the design parameters as well as the loading conditions on the acoustic pressure field are investigated.
Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Hollow-Sphere-Like ZnO and Its Photoluminescence Property
Authors: Cheng Junye , Yang Xiuying , Tian Hua , Zhao Bin , Zhang Deqing
Published: June 2014

Hollow-sphere-like ZnO was successfully prepared by a facile combustion route at 950°C, and no external catalysts or additives were introduced. The morphology and structure of the hollow-sphere-like ZnO were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The possible growth mechanism was discussed in detail. In addition, the as-obtained hollow-sphere-like ZnO exhibited a strong green emission at 518 nm and a weak UV emission at 385 nm. We believe that the hollow-sphere-like ZnO material may be a good candidate for application in optical devices and catalyst systems.
Lightweight Morphological Analysis Model for Smart Home Applications Based on Natural Language Interfaces
Authors: Kang Sangwoo , Kim Harksoo , Kang Hyun-Kyu , Seo Jungyun
Published: June 2014

With the rapid evolution of the smart home environment, the demand for natural language processing (NLP) applications on information appliances is increasing. However, it is not easy to embed NLP-based applications in information appliances because most information appliances have hardware constraints such as small memory, limited battery capacity, and restricted processing power. In this paper, we propose a lightweight morphological analysis model, which provides the first step module of NLP for many languages. To overcome hardware constraints, the proposed model modifies a well-known left-longest-match-preference (LLMP) model and simplifies a conventional hidden Markov model (HMM). In the experiments, the proposed model exhibited good performance (a response time of 0.0195 sec per sentence, a memory usage of 1.85 MB, a precision of 92%, and a recall rate of 90%) in terms of the various evaluation measures. On the basis of these experiments, we conclude that the proposed model is suitable for natural language interfaces of information appliances with many hardware limitations because it requires less memory and consumes less battery power.
Pore Scale Thermal Hydraulics Investigations of Molten Salt Cooled Pebble Bed High Temperature Reactor with BCC and FCC Configurations
Authors: Song Shixiong , Cai Xiangzhou , Liu Yafen , Wei Quan , Guo Wei
Published: June 2014

The present paper systematically investigated pore scale thermal hydraulics characteristics of molten salt cooled high temperature pebble bed reactor. By using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods and employing simplified body center cubic (BCC) and face center cubic (FCC) model, pressure drop and local mean Nusselt number are calculated. The simulation result shows that the high Prandtl number molten salt in packed bed has unique fluid-dynamics and thermodynamic properties. There are divergences between CFD results and empirical correlations’ predictions of pressure drop and local Nusselt numbers. Local pebble surface temperature distributions in several default conditions are investigated. Thermal removal capacities of molten salt are confirmed in the case of nominal condition; the pebble surface temperature under the condition of local power distortion shows the tolerance of pebble in extreme neutron dose exposure. The numerical experiments of local pebble insufficient cooling indicate that in the molten salt cooled pebble bed reactor, the pebble surface temperature is not very sensitive to loss of partial coolant. The methods and results of this paper would be useful for optimum designs and safety analysis of molten salt cooled pebble bed reactors.
Strain Rate Dependent Deformation of a Polymer Matrix Composite with Different Microstructures Subjected to Off‐Axis Loading
Authors: Zhu Xiaojun , Chen Xuefeng , Zhai Zhi , Yang Zhibo , Li Xiang , He Zhengjia
Published: June 2014

This paper aims to investigate the comprehensive influence of three microstructure parameters (fiber cross‐section shape, fiber volume fraction, and fiber off‐axis orientation) and strain rate on the macroscopic property of a polymer matrix composite. During the analysis, AS4 fibers are considered as elastic solids, while the surrounding PEEK resin matrix exhibiting rate sensitivities are described using the modified Ramaswamy‐Stouffer viscoplastic state variable model. The micromechanical method based on generalized model of cells has been used to analyze the representative volume element of composites. An acceptable agreement is observed between the model predictions and experimental results found in the literature. The research results show that the stress‐strain curves are sensitive to the strain rate and the microstructure parameters play an important role in the behavior of polymer matrix.
Right Heart Functional Changes in the Acute, Hypercapnic Exacerbations of COPD
Authors: Terzano Claudio , Romani Sofia , Gaudio Carlo , Pelliccia Francesco , Serao Mattia , Vitarelli Antonio
Published: June 2014

Objective. To investigate the correlation between respiratory failure and the pulmonary circulation. We focused on anatomical and functional changes of the right heart.Design. Clinical investigation.Methods. We evaluated 75 patients hospitalized in our respiratory ward for COPD exacerbation. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography and measurements of right heart chambers. Moreover all patients underwent blood tests, measurement of blood pressure, evaluation of body mass index (BMI), ECGs, pulmonary function tests, and the Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).Results. Among 75 patients consecutively hospitalized, 56 patients with a COPD exacerbation were included in our study. We have emphasized the higher value of PAPs and the increased size of right atrial area in severe COPD patients. Significant correlation was observed between low values of PaO2and larger area of the right atrium. The measurement of TAPSE showed a right ventricular dysfunction in all patients but especially in severe COPD patients. We have obtained a significant correlation between TAPSE and arterial blood gas.Conclusions. In patients with chronic respiratory failure, blood gas parameters should be considered as negative prognostic factors of right heart failure. Respiratory failure shows a relationship with pulmonary hypertension and with the anatomy and function of the right heart sections.
Application of Interfacial Propagation and Kinking Crack Concept to ECC/Concrete Overlay Repair System
Authors: ChiaHwan Yaw , Wei Li
Published: June 2014

Research on the application of ultraductile engineered cementitious composite (ECC) as overlay in the repair of deteriorated concrete structures is performed in this paper. Also, interfacial crack kinking and trapping mechanism experimentally observed in ECC/concrete overlay repair system are described by comparison of toughness and energy release rate. The mechanism involves cycles of extension, kinking, and arrest of interfacial crack into the overlay. Experimental testing of overlay repair system reveals significant improvements in load carrying capacity and ductility over conventional concrete overlay. The commonly observed overlay system failure mode of delamination or spalling is eliminated when ECC is applied. These failure modes are suppressed when ECC is used as an ideal and durable candidate overlay repair material.
The PARAFAC-MUSIC Algorithm for DOA Estimation with Doppler Frequency in a MIMO Radar System
Authors: Wang Nan , Wang Wenguang , Zhang Fan , Yuan Yunneng
Published: June 2014

The PARAFAC-MUSIC algorithm is proposed to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of the targets with Doppler frequency in a monostatic MIMO radar system in this paper. To estimate the Doppler frequency, the PARAFAC (parallel factor) algorithm is firstly utilized in the proposed algorithm, and after the compensation of Doppler frequency, MUSIC (multiple signal classification) algorithm is applied to estimate the DOA. By these two steps, the DOA of moving targets can be estimated successfully. Simulation results show that the proposed PARAFAC-MUSIC algorithm has a higher accuracy than the PARAFAC algorithm and the MUSIC algorithm in DOA estimation.
Bach1Deficiency and Accompanying Overexpression of Heme Oxygenase-1 Do Not Influence Aging or Tumorigenesis in Mice
Authors: Ota Kazushige , Brydun Andrey , Itoh-Nakadai Ari , Sun Jiying , Igarashi Kazuhiko
Published: June 2014

Oxidative stress contributes to both aging and tumorigenesis. The transcription factor Bach1, a regulator of oxidative stress response, augments oxidative stress by repressing the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene (Hmox1) and suppresses oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence by restricting the p53 transcriptional activity. Here we investigated the lifelong effects ofBach1deficiency on mice.Bach1-deficient mice showed longevity similar to wild-type mice. Although HO-1 was upregulated in the cells ofBach1-deficient animals, the levels of ROS inBach1-deficient HSCs were comparable to those in wild-type cells.Bach1−/−;p53−/−mice succumbed to spontaneous cancers as frequently asp53-deficient mice.Bach1deficiency significantly altered transcriptome in the liver of the young mice, which surprisingly became similar to that of wild-type mice during the course of aging. The transcriptome adaptation toBach1deficiency may reflect how oxidative stress response is tuned upon genetic and environmental perturbations. We concluded thatBach1deficiency and accompanying overexpression of HO-1 did not influence aging or p53 deficiency-driven tumorigenesis. Our results suggest that it is useful to target Bach1 for acute injury responses without inducing any apparent deteriorative effect.
Phthaloylchitosan-Based Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Yusuf S. N. F. , Aziz M. F. , Hassan H. C. , Bandara T. M. W. J. , Mellander B.-E. , Careem M. A. , Arof A. K.
Published: June 2014

Phthaloylchitosan-based gel polymer electrolytes were prepared with tetrapropylammonium iodide, Pr4NI, as the salt and optimized for conductivity. The electrolyte with the composition of 15.7 wt.% phthaloylchitosan, 31.7 wt.% ethylene carbonate (EC), 3.17 wt.% propylene carbonate (PC), 19.0 wt.% of Pr4NI, and 1.9 wt.% iodine exhibits the highest room temperature ionic conductivity of 5.27 × 10−3 S cm−1. The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) fabricated with this electrolyte exhibits an efficiency of 3.5% withJSCof 7.38 mA cm−2,VOCof 0.72 V, and fill factor of 0.66. When various amounts of lithium iodide (LiI) were added to the optimized gel electrolyte, the overall conductivity is observed to decrease. However, the efficiency of the DSSC increases to a maximum value of 3.71% when salt ratio of Pr4NI : LiI is 2 : 1. This cell hasJSC,VOCand fill factor of 7.25 mA cm−2, 0.77 V and 0.67, respectively.
Affective Dependence and Aggression: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Petruccelli Filippo , Diotaiuti Pierluigi , Verrastro Valeria , Petruccelli Irene , Federico Roberta , Martinotti Giovanni , Fossati Andrea , Di Giannantonio Massimo , Janiri Luigi
Published: June 2014

Introduction.Emotionally dependent subjects may engage in controlling, restrictive, and aggressive behaviours, which limit their partner’s autonomy. The underlying causes of such behaviours are not solely based on levels of aggression, but act as a mean of maintaining the subject’s own sense of self-worth, identity, and general functioning.Objective.The aim of the paper is to explore the correlation between affective dependency and reactive/proactive aggression and to evaluate individual differences as predisposing factors for aggressive behaviour and emotional dependency.Methods.TheSpouse-Specific Dependency Scale(SSDS) and theReactive Proactive Questionnaire(RPQ) were administered to a sample of 3375 subjects.Results.In the whole sample, a positive correlation between emotional dependency and proactive aggression was identified. Differences with regard to sex, age group, and geographical distribution were evidenced for the scores of the different scales.Conclusion. A fundamental distinction between reactive and proactive aggression was observed, anchoring proactive aggression more strictly to emotional dependency. Sociocultural and demographical variables, together with the previous structuring of attachment styles, help to determine the scope, frequency, and intensity of the demands made to the partner, as well as to feed the fears of loss, abandonment, or betrayal.
The Relations between QFII Holdings and Company Performance: Evidence from China’s A-Share Listed Companies
Authors: Wang Xiong , Zhou Shuanghong , Fang Wenqian
Published: June 2014

In order to investigate the relations between qualified foreign institutional investors (QFII) holdings and the performance of the A-share listed companies and effectively distinguish between QFIIs’ ability to identify value companies and their ability to enhance company value, this paper empirically examines the relations between QFII holdings and company performance using Chinese annual report data from 2010 to 2012. The results show that QFIIs have strong ability in identifying value companies. However, the effect of QFII holdings on company performance improvement is mainly manifested in the short term, and the long-term effect is insignificant. In the long run, QFIIs may not be considered as “value boosters,” implying that it is unlikely for QFIIs to greatly enhance company value and help the invested companies to improve the level of governance and their long-term performance.
Impact of Gentamicin Coadministration along with High Fructose Feeding on Progression of Renal Failure and Metabolic Syndrome in Sprague-Dawley Rats
Authors: Ibraheem Zaid O. , Basir Rusliza , Aljobory Ahmad Kh. , Ibrahim Omar E. , Alsumaidaee Ajwad , Yam Mun Fee
Published: June 2014

The current study evaluates the impact of high fructose feeding in rat model of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180–200 g were randomized into four groups; (C) received standard rodents chow with free access toad libitumdrinking water for 8 weeks and was considered as control, (F) received standard rodents chow with free access to drinking water supplemented with 20% (W/V) fructose for the same abovementioned period, (FG) was fed as group F and was given 80 mg/kg (body weight)/day gentamicin sulphate intraperitoneally during the last 20 days of the feeding period, and (G) was given gentamicin as above and fed as group C. Renal function was assessed at the end of the treatment period through measuring serum creatinine, uric acid and albumin, creatinine clearance, absolute and fractional excretion of both sodium and potassium, twenty-four-hour urinary excretion of albumin, and renal histology. For metabolic syndrome assessment, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured and oral glucose tolerance test was performed throughout the treatment period. Results showed that gentamicin enhances progression of fructose induced metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, fructose pretreatment before gentamicin injection produced a comparable degree of renal dysfunction to those which were given fructose-free water but the picture of nephrotoxicity was somewhat altered as it was characterized by higher extent of glomerular congestion and protein urea. Overall, more vigilance is required when nephrotoxic drugs are prescribed for patients with fructose induced metabolic syndrome.
A Review of Removal of Pollutants from Water/Wastewater Using Different Types of Nanomaterials
Authors: Amin M. T. , Alazba A. A. , Manzoor U.
Published: June 2014

The rapidly increasing population, depleting water resources, and climate change resulting in prolonged droughts and floods have rendered drinking water a competitive resource in many parts of the world. The development of cost-effective and stable materials and methods for providing the fresh water in adequate amounts is the need of the water industry. Traditional water/wastewater treatment technologies remain ineffective for providing adequate safe water due to increasing demand of water coupled with stringent health guidelines and emerging contaminants. Nanotechnology-based multifunctional and highly efficient processes are providing affordable solutions to water/wastewater treatments that do not rely on large infrastructures or centralized systems. The aim of the present study is to review the possible applications of the nanoparticles/fibers for the removal of pollutants from water/wastewater. The paper will briefly overview the availability and practice of different nanomaterials (particles or fibers) for removal of viruses, inorganic solutes, heavy metals, metal ions, complex organic compounds, natural organic matter, nitrate, and other pollutants present in surface water, ground water, and/or industrial water. Finally, recommendations are made based on the current practices of nanotechnology applications in water industry for a stand-alone water purification unit for removing all types of contaminants from wastewater.
DNA Barcoding for Minor Crops and Food Traceability
Authors: Galimberti Andrea , Labra Massimo , Sandionigi Anna , Bruno Antonia , Mezzasalma Valerio , De Mattia Fabrizio
Published: June 2014

This outlook paper addresses the problem of the traceability of minor crops. These kinds of cultivations consist in a large number of plants locally distributed with a modest production in terms of cultivated acreage and quantity of final product. Because of globalization, the diffusion of minor crops is increasing due to their benefit for human health or their use as food supplements. Such a phenomenon implies a major risk for species substitution or uncontrolled admixture of manufactured plant products with severe consequences for the health of consumers. The need for a reliable identification system is therefore essential to evaluate the quality and provenance of minor agricultural products. DNA-based techniques can help in achieving this mission. In particular, the DNA barcoding approach has gained a role of primary importance thanks to its universality and versatility. Here, we present the advantages in the use of DNA barcoding for the characterization and traceability of minor crops based on our previous or ongoing studies at the ZooPlantLab (Milan, Italy). We also discuss how DNA barcoding may potentially be transferred from the laboratory to the food supply chain, from field to table.
Massive Femoral Osteolysis Secondary to Loosening of a Cemented Roughened Long Stem: A Case Report
Authors: Tamaki Yasuaki , Goto Tomohiro , Hamada Daisuke , Nishisho Toshihiko , Yukata Kiminori , Naoto Suzue , Egawa Hiroshi , Sairyo Koichi
Published: June 2014

The surface finish of a femoral stem plays an important role in the longevity of cemented total hip arthroplasty. In efforts to decrease the rate of aseptic loosening, some prostheses have been designed to have a roughened surface that enhances bonding between the prosthesis and cement, but clinical outcomes remain controversial. We present a rare case of massive osteolysis with extreme femoral expansion that developed after cemented revision total hip arthroplasty. The destructive changes in the femur were attributable to abnormal motion of the stem and were aggravated by the roughened precoated surface of the long femoral component. Revision surgery using a total femur prosthesis was performed because there was insufficient remaining bone to fix the new prosthesis. The surgical technique involved wrapping polypropylene meshes around the prosthesis to create an insertion for the soft tissue, which proved useful for preventing muscular weakness and subsequent dislocation of the hip.
Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents, and Biological Activities ofBixa orellanaL.: A Review
Authors: Vilar Daniela de Araújo , Vilar Marina Suênia de Araujo , Moura Túlio Flávio Accioly de Lima e , Raffin Fernanda Nervo , Oliveira Márcia Rosa de , Franco Camilo Flamarion de Oliveira , de Athayde-Filho Petrônio Filgueiras , Diniz Margareth de Fátima Formiga Melo , Barbosa-Filho José Maria
Published: June 2014

Bixa orellanaL., popularly known as “urucum,” has been used by indigenous communities in Brazil and other tropical countries for several biological applications, which indicates its potential use as an active ingredient in pharmaceutical products. The aim of this work was to report the main evidence found in the literature, concerning the ethnopharmacology, the biological activity, and the phytochemistry studies related toBixa orellanaL. Therefore, this work comprises a systematic review about the use ofBixa orellanain the American continent and analysis of the data collected. This study shows the well-characterized pharmacological actions that may be considered relevant for the future development of an innovative therapeutic agent.
Experimental Study and Numerical Solution of Poly Acrylic Acid Supported Magnetite Nanoparticles Transport in a One-Dimensional Porous Media
Authors: Golzar M. , Saghravani S. F. , Azhdari Moghaddam M.
Published: June 2014

Recently, iron nanoparticles have attracted more attention for groundwater remediation due to its potential to reduce subsurface contaminants such as PCBs, chlorinated solvents, and heavy metals. The magnetic properties of iron nanoparticles cause to attach to each other and form bigger colloid particles of iron nanoparticles with more rapid sedimentation rate in aqueous environment. Using the surfactants such as poly acrylic acid (PAA) prevents iron nanoparticles from forming large flocs that may cause sedimentation and so increases transport distance of the nanoparticles. In this study, the transport of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) stabilized with PAA in a one-dimensional porous media (column) was investigated. The slurries with concentrations of 20,100 and 500 (mg/L) were injected into the bottom of the column under hydraulic gradients of 0.125, 0.375, and 0.625. The results obtained from experiments were compared with the results obtained from numerical solution of advection-dispersion equation based on the classical colloid filtration theory (CFT). The experimental and simulated breakthrough curves showed that CFT is able to predict the transport and fate of iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized with PAA (up to concentration 500 ppm) in a porous media.
Effect ofCymbopogon martinii, Foeniculum vulgare, andTrachyspermum ammiEssential Oils on the Growth and Mycotoxins Production byAspergillusSpecies
Authors: Gemeda Negero , Woldeamanuel Yimtubezinash , Asrat Daniel , Debella Asfaw
Published: June 2014

This study was performed to investigate effect of essential oils onAspergillusspore germination, growth, and mycotoxin production.In vitroantifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activities ofCymbopogon martinii, Foeniculum vulgare,andTrachyspermum ammiessential oils were carried out on toxigenic strains ofAspergillusspecies. Plant materials were hydrodistilled for 4-5 h in Clevenger apparatus. 0.25 μL/mL, 0.5 μL/mL, 1 μL/mL, 2 μL/mL, and 4 μL/mL concentrations of each essential oil were prepared in 0.1% Tween 80 (V/V).T. ammioil showed highest antifungal activity. Absolute mycelial inhibition was recorded at 1 μL/mL by essential oils ofT. ammi. The oil also showed complete inhibition of spore germination at a concentration of 2 μL/mL. In addition,T. ammioil showed significant antiaflatoxigenic potency by totally inhibiting toxin production fromA. nigerandA. flavusat 0.5 and 0.75 μL/mL, respectively.C. martinii, F. vulgare,andT. ammioils as antifungals were found superior over synthetic preservative. Moreover, a concentration of 5336.297 μL/kg body weight was recorded for LC50 on mice indicating the low mammalian toxicity. In conclusion, the essential oils fromT. ammican be a potential source of safe natural food preservative for food commodities contamination byAspergillusspecies.
Bifurcations of Oscillatory and Rotational Solutions of Double Pendulum with Parametric Vertical Excitation
Authors: Marszal Michal , Jankowski Krzysztof , Perlikowski Przemyslaw , Kapitaniak Tomasz
Published: June 2014

This paper investigates dynamics of double pendulum subjected to vertical parametric kinematic excitation. It includes detailed bifurcation diagrams in two‐parameter space (excitation’s frequency and amplitude) for both oscillations and rotations in the domain of periodic solutions.
Analysis of the Oil Content of Rapeseed Using Artificial Neural Networks Based on Near Infrared Spectral Data
Authors: Yang Dazuo , Li Hao , Cao Chenchen , Chen Fudi , Zhou Yibing , Xiu Zhilong
Published: June 2014

The oil content of rapeseed is a crucial property in practical applications. In this paper, instead of traditional analytical approaches, an artificial neural network (ANN) method was used to analyze the oil content of 29 rapeseed samples based on near infrared spectral data with different wavelengths. Results show that multilayer feed-forward neural networks with 8 nodes (MLFN-8) are the most suitable and reasonable mathematical model to use, with an RMS error of 0.59. This study indicates that using a nonlinear method is a quick and easy approach to analyze the rapeseed oil’s content based on near infrared spectral data.
Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of SWRO Process Based on Simultaneous Method
Authors: Jiang Aipeng , Ding Qiang , Wang Jian , Jiangzhou Shu , Cheng Wen , Xing Changxin
Published: June 2014

Reverse osmosis (RO) technique is one of the most efficient ways for seawater desalination to solve the shortage of freshwater. For prediction and analysis of the performance of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) process, an accurate and detailed model based on the solution-diffusion and mass transfer theory is established. Since the accurate formulation of the model includes many differential equations and strong nonlinear equations (differential and algebraic equations, DAEs), to solve the problem efficiently, the simultaneous method through orthogonal collocation on finite elements and large scale solver were used to obtain the solutions. The model was fully discretized into NLP (nonlinear programming) with large scale variables and equations, and then the NLP was solved by large scale solver of IPOPT. Validation of the formulated model and solution method is verified by case study on a SWRO plant. Then simulation and analysis are carried out to demonstrate the performance of reverse osmosis process; operational conditions such as feed pressure and feed flow rate as well as feed temperature are also analyzed. This work is of significant meaning for the detailed understanding of RO process and future energy saving through operational optimization.
A CPW-Fed Rectangular Ring Monopole Antenna for WLAN Applications
Authors: Jo Sangjin , Choi Hyunjin , Shin Beomsoo , Oh Sangyeol , Lee Jaehoon
Published: June 2014

We present a simple coplanar waveguide- (CPW-) fed rectangular ring monopole antenna designed for dual-band wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. The antenna is based on a simple structure composed of a CPW feed line and a rectangular ring. Dual-band WLAN operation can be achieved by controlling the distance between the rectangular ring and the ground plane of the CPW feed line, as well as the horizontal vertical lengths of the rectangular ring. Simulated and measured data show that the antenna has a compact size of21.4×59.4 mm2, an impedance bandwidths of 2.21–2.70 GHz and 5.04–6.03 GHz, and a reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB. The antenna also exhibits an almost omnidirectional radiation pattern. This simple compact antenna with favorable frequency characteristics therefore is attractive for applications in dual-band WLAN.
Robust Adaptive Exponential Synchronization of Stochastic Perturbed Chaotic Delayed Neural Networks with Parametric Uncertainties
Authors: Fang Yang , Yan Kang , Li Kelin
Published: June 2014

This paper investigates the robust adaptive exponential synchronization in mean square of stochastic perturbed chaotic delayed neural networks with nonidentical parametric uncertainties. A robust adaptive feedback controller is proposed based on Gronwally’s inequality, drive‐response concept, and adaptive feedback control technique with the update laws of nonidentical parametric uncertainties as well as linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. The sufficient conditions for robust adaptive exponential synchronization in mean square of uncoupled uncertain stochastic chaotic delayed neural networks are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The effect of nonidentical uncertain parameter uncertainties is suppressed by the designed robust adaptive feedback controller rapidly. A numerical example is provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Quasi‐Stochastic Integration Filter for Nonlinear Estimation
Authors: Zhang Yong-Gang , Huang Yu-Long , Wu Zhe-Min , Li Ning
Published: June 2014

In practical applications, numerical instability problem, systematic error problem caused by nonlinear approximation, and nonlocal sampling problem for high‐dimensional applications, exist in unscented Kalman filter (UKF). To solve these problems, a quasi‐stochastic integration filter (QSIF) for nonlinear estimation is proposed in this paper. nonlocal sampling problem is solved based on the unbiased property of stochastic spherical integration rule, which can also reduce systematic error and improve filtering accuracy. In addition, numerical instability problem is solved by using fixed radial integration rule. Simulations of bearing‐only tracking model and nonlinear filtering problem with different state dimensions show that the proposed QSIF has higher filtering accuracy and good numerical stability as compared with existing methods, and it can also solve nonlocal sampling problem effectively.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Asymptomatic Colorectal Polyps in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Fu-Wei , Hsu Ping-I , Chuang Hung-Yi , Tu Ming-Shium , Mar Guang-Yuan , King Tai-Ming , Wang Jui-Ho , Hsu Chao-Wen , Chang Chiu-Hua , Chen Hui-Chun
Published: June 2014

Purpose. To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hyperplastic and adenomatous colorectal polyps in a Taiwanese general population.Methods. From January 2009 to December 2011, consecutive asymptomatic subjects undergoing a routine health check-up were evaluated by colonoscopy. The colorectal polyps were assessed, and medical history and demographic data were obtained from each patient. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to search the independent risk factors for asymptomatic hyperplastic and adenomatous colorectal polyps.Results. Of the 1899 asymptomatic subjects, the prevalences of hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps were 11.1% and 16.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that high body mass index (BMI>25: OR, 1.32, 95% CI, 1.05–1.71) and current smoking (OR, 1.87, 95% CI, 1.42–2.71) were independent predictors for hyperplastic colorectal polyps. Age over 60 years old (OR, 3.49, 95% CI, 1.86–6.51), high body mass index (BMI>25: OR, 1.75, 95% CI, 1.21–2.71), heavy alcohol consumption (OR, 2.01, 95% CI, 1.02–3.99), and current smoking (OR, 1.31, 95% CI, 1.04–1.58) were independent predictors for adenomatous colorectal polyps.Conclusion. High BMI and smoking are common risk factors for both adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps. Old age and alcohol consumption are additional risk factors for the development of adenomatous polyps.
Association between Serum Concentration of Vitamin D and 1-Year Mortality in Stroke Patients
Authors: Daubail Benoit , Jacquin Agnès , Guilland Jean-Claude , Khoumri Catia , Aboa-Eboulé Corine , Giroud Maurice , Béjot Yannick
Published: June 2014

Background: The prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency is high in patients presenting with an acute stroke, and it may be associated with greater clinical severity and a poor early functional prognosis. However, no data about its impact on long-term prognosis is available. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between 25(OH)D levels and 1-year mortality in stroke patients. Methods: From February to December 2010, 382 Caucasian stroke patients admitted to the Department of Neurology of the University Hospital of Dijon, France, were enrolled prospectively. Demographics and clinical information including stroke severity assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score were collected. The serum concentration of 25(OH)D was measured at baseline. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between 1-year all-cause mortality and serum 25(OH)D levels treated as either a log-transformed continuous variable or dichotomized (<25.7 and ≥25.7 nmol/l) at the first tertile of their distribution. Results: Of the 382 stroke patients included, 63 (16.5%) had died at 1 year. The mean 25(OH)D level was lower in these patients (32.3 ± 22.0 vs. 44.6 ± 28.7 nmol/l, p < 0.001), and survival at 1 year was worse in patients in the lowest tertile of 25(OH)D levels (defined as <25.7 nmol/l); log-transformed 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with 1-year mortality (hazard ratio, HR = 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 0.44-0.87; p = 0.007), and patients with 25(OH)D levels <25.7 nmol/l were at a higher risk of death at 1 year (HR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.14-3.32; p = 0.014). In multivariable analyses, the association was no longer significant but a significant interaction was found for age, and stratified analyses by age groups showed an inverse relationship between 25(OH)D levels and 1-year mortality in patients aged <75 years [HR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17-0.83; p = 0.015 for log-transformed 25(OH)D levels, and HR = 3.12; 95% CI: 0.98-9.93; p = 0.054 for 25(OH)D levels <25.7 vs. >25.7 nmol/l]. Conclusion: A low serum 25(OH)D level at stroke onset may be associated with higher mortality at 1 year in patients <75 years old. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to determine whether vitamin D supplementation could improve survival in stroke patients.
Propofol versus Midazolam in Medical Thoracoscopy: A Randomized, Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Grendelmeier Peter , Tamm Michael , Jahn Kathleen , Pflimlin Eric , Stolz Daiana
Published: June 2014

Background: Hypoxemia is a surrogate marker for periprocedural endoscopic complications. There are no data comparing the safety of propofol sedation with another sedative regimen in medical thoracoscopy. Objective: To evaluate whether sedation with propofol is as safe and effective as sedation with midazolam. Methods: Ninety consecutive patients undergoing medical thoracoscopy were randomly allocated to receive either intravenous propofol or midazolam. Predefined periprocedural complications included hypoxemia, hypotension, bleeding, need for airway insertion, mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit transfer and death. The primary endpoint was the mean lowest oxygen saturation during the procedure. Results: Randomized groups had similar demographics (64 ± 16 years, 57% male, 91% American Society of Anesthesiologists class III-IV) and a balanced distribution of procedures. The mean lowest oxygen saturation during the procedure was significantly lower in the propofol group as compared to the midazolam group (93 ± 6 vs. 96 ± 3%, p = 0.007). Patients randomized to propofol showed more episodes of hypoxemia (27 vs. 4%, p = 0.007) and hypotension (82 vs. 40%, p < 0.0001). No procedure had to be aborted. None of the patients required an artificial airway, mechanical ventilation or intensive care unit care, and none died. Conclusions: As assessed by the surrogate marker hypoxemia, propofol should not be considered the first choice for sedation in medical thoracoscopy.
Clinical and Pathological Features of Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas at a Single Institution
Authors: Suzuki Shuji , Hatori Takashi , Furukawa Toru , Shiratori Keiko , Yamamoto Masakazu
Published: June 2014

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the clinicopathological features and surgical management of solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) of the pancreas at a single institution. Methods: We investigated 34 patients (5 males and 29 females) who underwent surgery for pathologically confirmed SPNs between 1994 and 2012. Results: Clinical symptoms were absent in 58.8% of the patients. The median tumor diameter was 42.7 mm. All tumors were successfully removed by R0 resection. Pathologically, 5.9% had duodenum invasion and 2.9% had pancreatic serosal invasion, but there was no lymph node metastasis. Radiological findings showed calcification in 39.4% of the patients, capsule formation in 51.5%, cystic components in 69.7%, solid components in 93.9% and internal bleeding in 36.4%. Immunohistochemically, neuron-specific enolase was positive in 100% of the patients, nuclear accumulation of β-catenin in 100% and CD10 in 78.8%. There were no recurrences reported at the median follow-up (67 months). Regarding gender differences, the cystic component in radiological imaging was the only significant finding among the features studied (p = 0.01). Conclusions: R0 resection with appropriate procedures appears to be sufficient for patients with SPNs, even for locally invasive tumors. There were no significant differences between genders except for the cystic component on radiological imaging.
Dynamics of Rye Telomeres in a Wheat Background during Early Meiosis
Authors: Naranjo Tomás
Published: June 2014

Migration of the telomere of the short arm of rye chromosome 5R (5RS) during bouquet organization is dependent on the conformation that this chromosome adopts in its intact, submetacentric, or truncated, metacentric, form. In order to establish whether the telomere migration dependence on chromosome conformation is a common feature of all rye chromosomes, the behavior of the telomeres of 2 other rye chromosomes, 1R and 6R, with apparent differences in the arm ratio, has been studied at the bouquet stage and compared with that of 5R. The presence of subtelomeric heterochromatic chromomeres in both arms of 1R and 6R, which were visualized by FISH, revealed the position of the adjacent telomeres in the bouquet. While the end of the long arms of both chromosomes was, with some exceptions, always included in the telomere cluster, the end of the short arms failed to migrate to the telomere pole. Disturbed telomere migration was more often observed in the short arm of the submetacentric chromosome 6R than in the short arm of the almost metacentric chromosome 1R. Thus, the chromosomal conformation effect on telomere mobility is a common feature of all rye chromosomes. Incomplete telomere clustering is followed by failure of synapsis and chiasma formation in chromosomes 5R and 6R. Chromosome arm 1RS, which carries the NOR, completes synapsis earlier than 5RS or 6RS, facilitated by the nucleolar fusion that occurs during early zygotene.
Bioclimatic profile and potential distribution of the Mesopotamian harvestman Discocyrtus testudineus (Holmberg, 1876) (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)
Authors: ACOSTA LUIS E.
Published: June 2014

The geographic range of the Neotropical harvestman Discocyrtus testudineus (Holmberg, 1876) (Gonyleptidae) is addressed by determining the species’ bioclimatic profile and modeling its potential distribution. Analysis was performed on a record set of 71 localities, including literature records and 34 new localities reported here. The bioclimatic profile was characterized through extreme, median and dispersion features of the values of 19 bioclimatic variables across the record set. Predictive models were built with the presence-only methods MAXENT and, secondarily, BIOCLIM. Discocyrtus testudineus is a typical Mesopotamian harvestman, spreading across a wide region along the middle and lower Paraná River in subtropical / temperate Argentina, and extending, more or less continuously, up to the central province of Córdoba. Apparently diverging records (Paso de los Libres, on the Uruguay River, and Quilmes, on the southern coast of Rio de la Plata) proved to be predictable, even if suppressed from the dataset. Comparisons of cumulative frequencies curves and dispersion features (box-plots) were made with Discocyrtus dilatatus Sørensen, 1884 and Gryne orensis (Sørensen, 1884), other Mesopotamian species for which bioclimatic data are available. The relative importance of the bioclimatic variables used for modeling was also estimated.
A new genus of speleophriid copepod (Copepoda: Misophrioida) from a cenote in the Yucatan, Mexico with a phylogenetic analysis at the species level
Authors: BOXSHALL GEOFF A. , ZYLINSKI SARAH , JAUME DAMIÀ , ILIFFE THOMAS M. , SUÁREZ-MORALES EDUARDO
Published: June 2014

A new genus and species of speleophriid copepod, Mexicophria cenoticola gen. et sp. nov., is described based on material collected from a cenote in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. It is characterised by relatively reduced fifth legs that are located adjacent to the ventral midline in both sexes, by the possession of a bulbous swelling on the first antennulary segment in both sexes, and by the reduced setation of the swimming legs. The presence of just one inner margin seta on the second endopodal segment of legs 2 to 4 is a unique feature for the family. A phylogenetic analysis places the new genus on a basal lineage of the family together with its sister taxon, Boxshallia Huys, 1988, from Lanzarote in the Canary Islands, and recovers the existing genera as monophyletic units. The zoogeography is discussed at local, regional, ocean basin  and global scales.
New species of the genus Picobia (Cheyletoidea: Syringophilidae) parasitizing tyrannid birds (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae)
Authors: GLOWSKA ELIZA , MILENSKY CHRISTOPHER M.
Published: June 2014

Three new quill mite species of the genus Picobia Haller (Cheyletoidea: Syringophilidae) are described from 6 host species of the family Tyrannidae (Passeriformes), P. ochoi sp. nov. from Tolmomyias sulphurescens (Spix) (Guyana), P. schmidti sp. nov. from Lophotriccus pileatus (Tschudi) (type host) (Peru) and Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer (Orbigny & Lafresnaye) (Guyana), and P. myiopagi sp. nov. from Myiopagis gaimardii (Orbigny) (type host) (Guyana), M. subplacens (Sclater) (Peru) and Elaenia ruficeps Pelzeln (Guyana).
A new species of Cardepia Hampson, 1905 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from China
Authors: GYULAI PETER , SALDAITIS AIDAS
Published: June 2014

The genus Cardepia Hampson, 1905, which was revised by Hacker (1998), was reduced to 15 species after C. additamenda Hacker, 1998 was downgraded to a subspecies of C. hartigi Parenzan, 1981 (Hacker et al. 2002). Most of Cardepia have a trans-Palearctic distribution throughout the continental mountain steppe belt with most western Palearctic species being coastal-halophilous and Central Asian taxa being halophilous in the natron flats. Per Hacker (1998) only C. emmanueli Berio and C. mixta (Pagenstecher, 1907) are restricted to Eastern Africa. A detailed genitalic study of both sexes is needed to properly separate the species because all Cardepia, including numerous named subspecies, are very similar in their external features, wing pattern and genitalia. After the aforementioned exhaustive revisions of the genus it was somewhat unexpected that a new species was discovered by Alessandro Floriani in the Taklimakan desert (West China, Xinjiang province, Kashgar area), which is described as new herein.
Defacing the image of God? Elective amputations and the Christian tradition; Response to Vanessa Williams
Authors: Williams Vanessa , Song Robert
Published: June 2014

Individuals with a condition called ‘Body Integrity Identity Disorder’ are able-bodied persons who desire to become amputees. Some with this disorder have attempted to perform amputations on themselves, while others have sought amputations from professional surgeons. This article explores the ethics and theological implications of such amputations in the light of the Christian tenets concerning creation and humanity.
Self-supporting bishops
Authors: Thomasson-Rosingh Anne Claar
Published: June 2014

This article proposes that it would benefit the Church of England to have self-supporting bishops alongside stipendiary bishops at this time.
New directions in urban spiritualities: Beyond zero-sum readings
Authors: du Toit Calvyn C.
Published: June 2014

The rise of the city has created a new kind of space where spiritualities interact. Currently, we can describe the situation well, but we have struggled to develop a deep reading of the city as a new kind of space for spiritualities. This article is an attempt to experiment with readings beyond our current zero-sum reading of space for urban spiritualities. I give a test to move beyond zero-sum readings and offer three alternative ways of reading space of the city where spiritualities interact, namely: minimalism, social semiotics and Jungian symbolics.