bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humor preference and the Autism Quotient in an undergraduate sample
Authors: Rawlings David
Published: May 2015

Most previous studies relating autism and humor have compared responses to jokes or cartoons in autistic children and controls. The present study used the Humor Appreciation Measure (HAM, Rawlings 2008), which measures responses to hypothetical real life situations, as well as jokes; and employed the Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ, Baron-Cohen et al. 1995), a self-report instrument which assumes that autism exists on a continuum. In an undergraduate sample (N = 126), substantial correlations were reported between the total AQ score and the “unpleasant/aversive” ratings of potentially humorous, non-violent situations involving other people and the self. Correlational and regression analysis indicated that the strongest relationships with humor variables involved the Attention Switching sub-scale. The overall importance of Attention Switching was further examined by correlating individual sub-scale items with relevant humor variables. It is argued that the correlation between humor and Attention Switching is dependent on participants' relative tendency to avoid situations associated with the novel or unpredictable.
Humor as character strength and its relation to life satisfaction and happiness in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Samson Andrea C. , Antonelli Yovanni
Published: May 2015

The goal of this study was to examine the importance of humor as character strength in individuals with Asperger's syndrome/High Functioning Autism (AS/HFA) and how it relates to life satisfaction and orientation to happiness. Thirty-three individuals with AS/HFA and 33 gender-, age- and education-matched typically developing (TD) participants filled out scales assessing character strengths (VIA-IS), life satisfaction (SWLS) and orientation to happiness (OTH). Profile analyses of the character strengths and character strengths factors revealed significant differences between the two groups. Humor was found to be the 8th highest out of 24 character strengths in TD, but was only at the 16th position in individuals with AS/HFA when the strengths are rank-ordered. In TD participants, humor is related to life of pleasure, life of engagement, life of meaning and life satisfaction. In individuals with AS/HFA, humor is only related to life of pleasure. This shows that 1) individuals with AS/HFA seem not to consider humor as one of their important strengths, which is in line with humor difficulties reported earlier and 2) humor does not seem to contribute to life satisfaction to the same degree as in TD controls.
Pulsed Power Network Based On Decentralized Intelligence For Reliable And Lowloss Electrical Power Distribution
Authors: Sugiyama Hisayoshi
Published: May 2015

Pulsed power network is proposed for reliable and low loss electrical power distribution among various type of power sources and consumers. The proposed scheme is a derivative of power packet network so far investigated that has affinity with dispersion type power sources and has manageability of energy coloring in the process of power distribution. In addition to these advantages, the proposed scheme has system reliability and low loss property because of its intelligent operation performed by individual nodes and direct relaying by power routers. In the proposed scheme, power transmission is decomposed into a series of electrical pulses placed at specified power slots in continuous time frames that are synchronized over the network. The power slots are pre-reserved based on information exchanges among neighboring nodes following inherent algorithm of the proposed scheme. Because of this power slots reservation based on decentralized intelligence, power pulses are directly transmitted from various power sources to consumers with the least power dissipation even though a partial failure occurs in the network. The network operations with the proposed scheme is simulated to confirm the algorithms for the power slots reservation and to evaluate the power network capacity.
Hydrogen and oxygen reaction on SiO2 and MoO3 supported Pd-Pt catalysts
Authors: Lalik E. , Kołodziej M. , Kosydar R. , Szumełda T. , Drelinkiewicz A.
Published: May 2015

The thermal effects and activity of SiO
Multi-Soliton and Rational Solutions for the Extended Fifth-Order KdV Equation in Fluids
Authors: Meng Gao-Qing , Gao Yi-Tian , Zuo Da-Wei , Shen Yu-Jia , Sun Yu-Hao , Yu Xin
Published: May 2015

Korteweg–de Vries (KdV)-type equations are used as approximate models governing weakly nonlinear long waves in fluids, where the first-order nonlinear and dispersive terms are retained and in balance. The retained second-order terms can result in the extended fifth-order KdV equation. Through the Darboux transformation (DT), multi-soliton solutions for the extended fifth-order KdV equation with coefficient constraints are constructed. Soliton propagation properties and interactions are studied: except for the velocity, the amplitude and width of the soliton are not influenced by the coefficient of the original equation; the amplitude, velocity, and wave shape of each soltion remain unchanged after the interaction. By virtue of the generalised DT and Taylor expansion of the solutions for the corresponding Lax pair, the first- and second-order rational solutions of the equation are obtained.
Cross-Hemispheric Collaboration and Segregation Associated with Task Difficulty as Revealed by Structural and Functional Connectivity
Authors: Davis Simon W. , Cabeza Roberto
Published: May 2015

Although it is known that brain regions in one hemisphere may interact very closely with their corresponding contralateral regions (collaboration) or operate relatively independent of them (segregation), the specific brain regions (where) and conditions (how) associated with collaboration or segregation are largely unknown. We investigated these issues using a split field-matching task in which participants matched the meaning of words or the visual features of faces presented to the same (unilateral) or to different (bilateral) visual fields. Matching difficulty was manipulated by varying the semantic similarity of words or the visual similarity of faces. We assessed the white matter using the fractional anisotropy (FA) measure provided by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cross-hemispheric communication in terms of fMRI-based connectivity between homotopic pairs of cortical regions. For both perceptual and semantic matching, bilateral trials became faster than unilateral trials as difficulty increased (bilateral processing advantage, BPA). The study yielded three novel findings. First, whereas FA in anterior corpus callosum (genu) correlated with word-matching BPA, FA in posterior corpus callosum (splenium-occipital) correlated with face-matching BPA. Second, as matching difficulty intensified, cross-hemispheric functional connectivity (CFC) increased in domain-general frontopolar cortex (for both word and face matching) but decreased in domain-specific ventral temporal lobe regions (temporal pole for word matching and fusiform gyrus for face matching). Last, a mediation analysis linking DTI and fMRI data showed that CFC mediated the effect of callosal FA on BPA. These findings clarify the mechanisms by which the hemispheres interact to perform complex cognitive tasks.
Reinforcement Learning in Multidimensional Environments Relies on Attention Mechanisms
Authors: Niv Yael , Daniel Reka , Geana Andra , Gershman Samuel J. , Leong Yuan Chang , Radulescu Angela , Wilson Robert C.
Published: May 2015

In recent years, ideas from the computational field of reinforcement learning have revolutionized the study of learning in the brain, famously providing new, precise theories of how dopamine affects learning in the basal ganglia. However, reinforcement learning algorithms are notorious for not scaling well to multidimensional environments, as is required for real-world learning. We hypothesized that the brain naturally reduces the dimensionality of real-world problems to only those dimensions that are relevant to predicting reward, and conducted an experiment to assess by what algorithms and with what neural mechanisms this “representation learning” process is realized in humans. Our results suggest that a bilateral attentional control network comprising the intraparietal sulcus, precuneus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is involved in selecting what dimensions are relevant to the task at hand, effectively updating the task representation through trial and error. In this way, cortical attention mechanisms interact with learning in the basal ganglia to solve the “curse of dimensionality” in reinforcement learning.
Astrocyte Contributions to Flow/Pressure-Evoked Parenchymal Arteriole Vasoconstriction
Authors: Kim Ki Jung , Iddings Jennifer A. , Stern Javier E. , Blanco Víctor M. , Croom Deborah , Kirov Sergei A. , Filosa Jessica A.
Published: May 2015

Basal and activity-dependent cerebral blood flow changes are coordinated by the action of critical processes, including cerebral autoregulation, endothelial-mediated signaling, and neurovascular coupling. The goal of our study was to determine whether astrocytes contribute to the regulation of parenchymal arteriole (PA) tone in response to hemodynamic stimuli (pressure/flow). Cortical PA vascular responses and astrocytic Ca2+dynamics were measured using anin vitrorat/mouse brain slice model of perfused/pressurized PAs; studies were supplemented within vivoastrocytic Ca2+imaging.In vitro, astrocytes responded to PA flow/pressure increases with an increase in intracellular Ca2+. Astrocytic Ca2+responses were corroboratedin vivo, where acute systemic phenylephrine-induced increases in blood pressure evoked a significant increase in astrocytic Ca2+.In vitro, flow/pressure-evoked vasoconstriction was blunted when the astrocytic syncytium was loaded with BAPTA (chelating intracellular Ca2+) and enhanced when high Ca2+or ATP were introduced to the astrocytic syncytium. Bath application of either the TRPV4 channel blocker HC067047 or purinergic receptor antagonist suramin blunted flow/pressure-evoked vasoconstriction, whereas K+and 20-HETE signaling blockade showed no effect. Importantly, we found TRPV4 channel expression to be restricted to astrocytes and not the endothelium of PA. We present evidence for a novel role of astrocytes in PA flow/pressure-evoked vasoconstriction. Our data suggest that astrocytic TRPV4 channels are key molecular sensors of hemodynamic stimuli and that a purinergic, glial-derived signal contributes to flow/pressure-induced adjustments in PA tone. Together our results support bidirectional signaling within the neurovascular unit and astrocytes as key modulators of PA tone.
Computational Substrates of Social Value in Interpersonal Collaboration
Authors: Fareri Dominic S. , Chang Luke J. , Delgado Mauricio R.
Published: May 2015

Decisions to engage in collaborative interactions require enduring considerable risk, yet provide the foundation for building and maintaining relationships. Here, we investigate the mechanisms underlying this process and test a computational model of social value to predict collaborative decision making. Twenty-six participants played an iterated trust game and chose to invest more frequently with their friends compared with a confederate or computer despite equal reinforcement rates. This behavior was predicted by our model, which posits that people receive a social value reward signal from reciprocation of collaborative decisions conditional on the closeness of the relationship. This social value signal was associated with increased activity in the ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex, which significantly predicted the reward parameters from the social value model. Therefore, we demonstrate that the computation of social value drives collaborative behavior in repeated interactions and provide a mechanistic account of reward circuit function instantiating this process.
Factors affecting radiation exposure dose in nursing staff during 18F‐ fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography
Authors: Ito Kimiteru , Suzuki Maki , Yamazaki Aino , Suzuki Yoshiko , Yokokawa Naoki , Oosawa Tatsufumi , Tokumaru Aya M
Published: May 2015

Factors affecting radiation exposure dose in nursing staff during 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography: Kimiteru Ito, et al. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital

Objective

We evaluated factors associated with increased radiation exposure dose in nursing staff who assisted patients with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) examinations.

Methods

The Barthel Index and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score were obtained before PET/CT examinations in 193 patients (mean age ± SD, 77.7 ± 8.0 yr). Three nurses self‐measured their radiation exposure dose while assisting patients during each PET examination. Disturbance factors during PET examinations (use of a stretcher or wheelchair, use of lines or tubes connected to the patient, use of diapers or urethral catheterization, patient age)18F‐FDG injection dose, and previous PET/CT experience in the patients and outpatient or inpatient status were evaluated as factors possibly associated with increased radiation exposure. Principle component analysis, univariate analysis, and multivariate regression analysis were used for assessing associations between radiation exposure dose and factors.

Results

The mean radiation exposure dose of the nursing staff was 6.07 ± 5.71 μSv per examination. Statistically significant factors associated with increased radiation exposure (<8 or ≥8 μSv/case) in the univariate analysis were the Barthel Index (<75 or ≥75), MMSE score (<22 or ≥22) of the patients, numbers of lines or tubes to the patient, use of a stretcher or wheelchair, and 18F‐FDG injection dose. Multivariate logistic regression modeling showed that the Barthel Index (<75 or ≥75) and MMSE score (<22 or ≥22) of the patients were significant factors in the final model.

Conclusions

Lower Barthel Indexes (lower ADL) and lower MMSE scores (lower cognitive function) were independent factors associated with increased radiation exposure dose in nursing staff assisting during 18F‐FDG PET/CT.
Crimean Turkish Karaim and the Old North-western Turkic tradition of the Karaites
Authors: Jankowski Henryk
Published: May 2015

The aim of this paper is to examine the language of Karaite literature, mostly translations from Hebrew, developing in the 18th–19th centuries in the Crimea. Linguistic features of most works of this literature are typical of Crimean Turkish with many North-western Turkic or Kipchak properties. Among the most important authors and translators there were such distinguished intellectuals and spiritual leaders as Abraham Firkovich, Joseph Solomon Łucki, Abraham Łucki, Mordecai Qazaz, and Eliyahu Qazaz. Because of the mixed character of this language and the lack of strict standards, its definition and attribution is still debated. Until all works will be examined, it seems reasonable to speak of the individual language preferences of some leaders who created and practised it, rather than of the literary language of Crimean Karaites in general.
A historical morphology of Western Karaim: The -p edi- past tense in the South-western dialect
Authors: Németh Michał
Published: May 2015

The present paper describes the -p edi- past tense in Western Karaim — the first such attempt made in the available scholarly literature. It is important to note that the paper is based not only on philological data collected from manuscripts from the 18th–20th centuries, but also on field research conducted by the late Polish Turcologist, Józef Sulimowicz (1913–1973). His linguistic informants were Karaims from Halych.
Comparing problem gamblers with moderate-risk gamblers in a sample of university students
Authors: Shen Yi , Kairouz Sylvia , Nadeau Louise , Robillard Chantal
Published: May 2015

Background and aims

In an effort to provide further empirical evidence of meaningful differences, this study explores, in a student population, the distinctions in gambling behavioral patterns and specific associated problems of two levels of gambling severity by comparing problem gamblers (PG) and moderate-risk gamblers (MR) as defined by the score on the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI; MR: 3-7; PG: 8 and more).

Methods

The study sample included 2,139 undergraduate students (male = 800, mean age = 22.6) who completed the PGSI and questionnaires on associated problems.

Results

Results show that problem gamblers engage massively and more diversely in gambling activities, more often and in a greater variety of locations, than moderate-risk gamblers. In addition, important differences have been observed between moderate-risk and problem gamblers in terms of expenditures and accumulated debt. In regards to the associated problems, compared to moderate-risk gamblers, problem gamblers had an increased reported psychological distress, daily smoking, and possible alcohol dependence.

Discussion and Conclusions

The severity of gambling and associated problems found in problem gamblers is significantly different from moderate-risk gamblers, when examined in a student population, to reiterate caution against the amalgamation of these groups in future research.
Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model
Authors: Karadağ Engin , Tosuntaş Şule Betül , Erzen Evren , Duru Pinar , Bostan Nalan , Şahin Berrak Mizrak , Çulha İlkay , Babadağ Burcu
Published: May 2015

Background and aims

Phubbing can be described as an individual looking at his or her mobile phone during a conversation with other individuals, dealing with the mobile phone and escaping from interpersonal communication. In this research, determinants of phubbing behavior were investigated; in addition, the effects of gender, smart phone ownership and social media membership were tested as moderators.

Methods

To examine the cause–effect relations among the variables of the theoretical model, the research employs a correlational design. Participants were 409 university students who were selected via random sampling. Phubbing was obtained via the scales featuring mobile phone addiction, SMS addiction, internet addiction, social media addiction and game addiction. The obtained data were analyzed using a correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and structural equation model.

Results

The results showed that the most important determinants of phubbing behavior are mobile phone, SMS, social media and internet addictions.

Discussion

Although the findings show that the highest correlation value explaining phubbing is a mobile phone addiction, the other correlation values reflect a dependency on the phone.

Conclusions

There is an increasing tendency towards mobile phone use, and this tendency prepares the basis of phubbing.
Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research
Authors: Billieux Joël , Schimmenti Adriano , Khazaal Yasser , Maurage Pierre , Heeren Alexandre
Published: May 2015

Background

Behavioral addiction research has been particularly flourishing over the last two decades. However, recent publications have suggested that nearly all daily life activities might lead to a genuine addiction.

Methods and aim

In this article, we discuss how the use of atheoretical and confirmatory research approaches may result in the identification of an unlimited list of “new” behavioral addictions.

Results

Both methodological and theoretical shortcomings of these studies were discussed.

Conclusions

We suggested that studies overpathologizing daily life activities are likely to prompt a dismissive appraisal of behavioral addiction research. Consequently, we proposed several roadmaps for future research in the field, centrally highlighting the need for longer tenable behavioral addiction research that shifts from a mere criteria-based approach toward an approach focusing on the psychological processes involved.
Teaching/learning
Authors: Martin Jim
Published: May 2015

In regard to the issues people have been discussing, Jim Martin continues in this article his advocacy for an equal balance between teaching and learning rather than the focus on either side only: the traditional teacher centre and the recent students’ centre; in fact, recent years’ explorations in this area have to a large extent ignored the role of teaching in students’ language learning and development. He takes into consideration of language development from home through school by means of linguistic genres and shared experience, points out the concern about genre teaching, and submits the balance issue to us language teachers.
The Constraints and Problems in Team Performance Management
Authors: Urlych Wojciech
Published: May 2015

A wide range of factors can affect team performance: setting clear and achievable goals, allocating individual work, utilizing an individual’s skills, monitoring performance, maintaining team cohesion and identity, being able to handle internal conflicts, maintaining relationships with other teams, systems and resources available to teams and the quality of leadership. These problems and constraints affecting team performance management (TPM) are found on a global scale irrespective of a country’s individual work culture. This paper presents the nature of team performance management in order to discuss common TPM problems and constraints in the context of worldwide research findings. Environmental factors and team dynamics consistently influence team effectiveness. It is now clear that there is a need for future research to look at the complexity of team dynamics over time.
Współzarządzanie jako koprodukcja usług publicznych
Authors: Sześciło Dawid
Published: May 2015

The idea of co-production is the result of the application of governance theory to the organization of public service delivery. This paper presents the genesis of the concept of co-production of public services, and, on the basis of a review of international literature, it describes the current state of the debate on the benefits of co-production, factors stimulating its development, as well as constraints, challenges and potential risks associated with its dissemination. In summary, the author attempts to construct a comprehensive definition of co-production, paying special attention to the elements distinguishing it from the two dominant paradigms of public service delivery – the statist and the market-based model.
Ranking das prefeituras da região Sul do Brasil: uma avaliação a partir de critérios estabelecidos na Lei de Acesso à Informação
Authors: Bernardes Marciele Berger , Santos Paloma Maria , Rover Aires José
Published: May 2015

A Lei de Acesso à Informação representa um passo fundamental rumo à consolidação da democracia brasileira. Entre seus preceitos, está a obrigação da disposição de informações na rede sobre a estrutura, funcionamento e prestação de contas dos órgãos/entidades da administração direta e indireta e de todos aqueles que recebem subvenção pública. Considerando sua relevância no contexto atual, este artigo busca, a partir de uma pesquisa mista, analisar como a referida lei está sendo implementada pelas prefeituras da região Sul do país. A partir dessa análise, foi possível mapear os efeitos iniciais da aplicação da lei durante o seu primeiro ano de vigência bem como estabelecer um ranking dos sites, tendo em vista o cumprimento das disposições nela estabelecidas.
A reforma da Administração Pública Central no Portugal democrático: do período pós-revolucionário à intervenção da troika
Authors: Madureira César
Published: May 2015

Ultrapassado o período-pós revolucionário, ao longo das últimas décadas, as tendências de reforma administrativa em Portugal acompanharam aquilo que se passava no resto da Europa. Independentemente das idiossincrasias e das incoerências observadas, ao longo dos últimos 20 anos, o processo reformista foi marcado pela introdução das privatizações, da empresarialização da lógica administrativa, das tentativas de desburocratização e transparência na relação entre a administração e os cidadãos, da convergência de regimes laborais e da restruturação da Administração Pública Central. A partir de 2011, na sequência da assinatura do Memorando de Entendimento entre o governo português e a troika, a reforma restringiu-se essencialmente à aplicação de medidas avulsas que visaram sobretudo a redução dos custos da despesa pública. Não existindo para já referências teóricas científicas analíticas sobre a matéria tratada, o artigo apresenta uma abordagem descritiva e exploratória.
Relações lineares entre caracteres de aveia preta
Authors: Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Toebe Marcos , Alves Bruna Mendonça , Burin Cláudia , Santos Gustavo Oliveira dos , Facco Giovani , Neu Ismael Mario Márcio
Published: May 2015

É importante estudar as relações lineares entre os caracteres para a seleção indireta de plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as relações lineares entre caracteres de aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb) e identificar caracteres para a seleção indireta. Foi conduzido experimento a campo e, em dez épocas de avaliação (22, 28, 34, 42, 48, 55, 76, 83, 90 e 105 dias após a semeadura), foram selecionadas, aleatoriamente, 52 plantas, totalizando 520 plantas. Em cada planta, foram mensurados os caracteres altura de planta, números de folhas e de perfilhos e as massas verde e seca. Foi ajustado o modelo sigmoidal e investigada a relação entre os caracteres por meio de análises de correlação e de trilha. Na cultura de aveia preta, o número de folhas por planta e a altura de planta têm relação linear positiva com as massas verde e seca e podem ser utilizados para seleção indireta.
Epidemiological status of felid herpesvirus type-1 and feline calicivirus infections in Brazil
Authors: Henzel Andréia , Lovato Luciane Teresinha , Weiblen Rudi
Published: May 2015

Feline calicivirus (FCV) and felid herpesvirus type-1 (FeHV-1) are the main infectious agents of domestic and wild felines worldwide. The FCV and FeHV-1 viruses were isolated in Brazil in 1988 and 2012, respectively. Serology surveys were performed among domestic feline in the State of Rio Grande do Sul and among wild felines in central Brazilian States. Felines with acute or chronic infections may become carriers for both viruses and, viral transmission occurs mainly by ocular and nasal secretions. In addition, FCV may be transmitted by oropharyngeal secretion and fomites. The clinical signs commonly observed in cats are fever, sneezing, coughing and nasal and ocular discharge; however, oral lesions are restricted to FCV infection. A systemic syndrome showing hemorrhagic lesions, alopecia, facial edema and jaundice has been associated with FCV. Attenuated as well as inactivated vaccines against FCV and FeHV-1 were developed in the middle 1970s, and they are effective at reducing the presentation/development of the diseases, but they are not capable of eliminating the persistence of FCV and FeHV-1. This article presents a brief review of the main aspects of the FCV and FeHV-1 infections, with an emphasis in the current situation on the domestic feline population from Brazil.
Cancer patients with oral mucositis: challenges for nursing care
Authors: Araújo Sarah Nilkece Mesquita , Luz Maria Helena Barros Araújo , Silva Grazielle Roberta Freitas da , Andrade Elaine Maria Leite Rangel , Nunes Lívio César Cunha , Moura Renata Oliveira
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE: to analyze nursing care provided to cancer patients with oral mucositis based on the Nursing Process (NP). METHOD: this exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study was conducted with 213 patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in two cancer facilities: one philanthropic and one private service. RESULTS: the participants were mainly female, aged 45.8 years old on average, with up to 11 years of schooling and income of up to one times the minimum wage. Severe mucositis was related to chemotherapy associated with radiotherapy. Only 25.3% of the patients reported having received guidance from nurses during their treatment concerning self-care. The perceptions of patients regarding quality of care did not significantly differ between the private and public facilities. The basic human needs mainly affected were comfort, eating, and hygiene. Based on this finding, one NP was established listing the diagnoses, interventions and expected results to establish an ideal, though individualized, standard of nursing care to be provided to these patients. CONCLUSION: to understand oral mucositis is crucial to establish nursing care that includes prevention based on the implementation of an oral care plan.
Family care of people with severe mental disorders: an integrative review
Authors: Juan-Porcar Maria , Guillamón-Gimeno Lledó , Pedraz-Marcos Azucena , Palmar-Santos Ana María
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the scientific literature on home-based family care of people with severe mental illness. METHOD: integrative review of 14 databases (CINALH, Cochrane Plus, Cuidatge, CUIDEN, Eric, IBECS, EMI, ISOC, JBI COnNECT, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus) searched with the key words "family caregivers", "severe mental illness", and "home" between 2003 and 2013. RESULTS: of 787 articles retrieved, only 85 met the inclusion criteria. The articles appeared in 61 journals from different areas and disciplines, mainly from nursing (36%). The countries producing the most scientific literature on nursing were Brazil, the UK, and the US, and authorship predominantly belonged to university centers. A total of 54.12% of the studies presented quantitative designs, with descriptive ones standing out. Work overload, subjective perspectives, and resources were the main topics of these papers. CONCLUSIONS: the international scientific literature on home-based, informal family care of people with severe mental disorder is limited. Nursing research stands out in this field. The prevalent topics coincide with the evolution of the mental health system. The expansion of the scientific approach to family care is promoted to create evidence-based guidelines for family caregivers and for the clinical practice of professional caregivers.
Assessment of nursing care using indicators generated by software
Authors: Lima Ana Paula Souza , Chianca Tânia Couto Machado , Tannure Meire Chucre
Published: May 2015

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the efficacy of the Nursing Process in an Intensive Care Unit using indicators generated by software. METHOD: cross-sectional study using data collected for four months. RNs and students daily registered patients, took history (at admission), performed physical assessments, and established nursing diagnoses, nursing plans/prescriptions, and assessed care delivered to 17 patients using software. Indicators concerning the incidence and prevalence of nursing diagnoses, rate of effectiveness, risk diagnoses, and rate of effective prevention of complications were computed. RESULTS: the Risk for imbalanced body temperature was the most frequent diagnosis (23.53%), while the least frequent was Risk for constipation (0%). The Risk for Impaired skin integrity was prevalent in 100% of the patients, while Risk for acute confusion was the least prevalent (11.76%). Risk for constipation and Risk for impaired skin integrity obtained a rate of risk diagnostic effectiveness of 100%. The rate of effective prevention of acute confusion and falls was 100%. CONCLUSION: the efficacy of the Nursing Process using indicators was analyzed because these indicators reveal how nurses have identified patients' risks and conditions, and planned care in a systematized manner.
Tradição e autenticidade em um mundo pós-convencional: uma leitura durkheimiana
Authors: Rosati Massimo , Weiss Raquel
Published: May 2015

Neste artigo pretendemos demonstrar por que a teoria durkheimiana ainda é relevante para os debates contemporâneos sobre moral e como a sociologia poderia lidar com a mesma. De certa forma, é um esforço para estabelecer as bases do que seria, hoje, uma sociologia durkheimiana da moral ou, melhor, de como poderíamos conceber uma sociologia contemporânea da moral de inspiração durkheimiana. Para isso, vamos primeiramente reconstruir os elementos ontológicos implícitos à sua visão da moral, destacando uma dimensão que é precisamente a que essa teoria é acusada de negligenciar: uma discussão sobre a natureza humana e as condições para a constituição do eu. Em um segundo movimento, apresentamos algumas considerações "operacionais" sobre o que esta sociologia durkheimiana da moral poderia ser hoje, apontando para o nível de análise com que ela pode lidar, para o que ela pode pretender explicar e - por que não? (acrescentando um toque weberiano) - entender. A etapa final nos leva ao território de uma teoria social normativa, que consiste em uma discussão crítica de moralidades patológicas, do ponto de vista do sofrimento que elas podem infligir ao indivíduo, e dos desafios trazidos pela modernidade tardia, caracterizada por uma multiplicidade de objetos sagrados que habitam o mesmo espaço.
Imigrantes brasileiros no Québec: entre integração e mobilidade
Authors: Oliveira Márcio de , Kulaitis Fernando
Published: May 2015

Em 1991, a província canadense do Québec conquistou autonomia para definir sua política migratória. O recrutamento e a seleção de imigrantes tornaram-se parte de um processo que, abrindo o Québec ao mundo, preocupou-se também em consolidar a especificidade local diante do Canadá, promovendo o chamado fait français. As políticas de integração os categorizaram como comunidades culturais e minorias visíveis. Definido o Brasil como área de imigração, o fluxo de brasileiros para o Québec aumentou 640% no período 2006-2011 em relação ao quinquênio anterior. Os imigrantes brasileiros mostraram-se reservados diante da definição de uma minoria visível latino-americana e da adesão ao fait français. Ao mesmo tempo, procuraram elementos de aproximação cultural com a sociedade de acolhimento. A análise de percursos migratórios mostrou, ainda, que a obtenção da nacionalidade canadense é um forte componente na aquisição de um capital de mobilidade que, além de facilitar a integração, paradoxalmente, permite novas migrações.
O projeto de transparência do Senado Federal: entre a accountability e a propaganda política
Authors: Barros Antonio Teixeira De
Published: May 2015

Análise sobre o projeto de transparência do Senado Federal, com foco nas relações entre os enunciados políticos, suas lógicas de ação e de justificação e os fatores contextuais que favoreceram o debate político sobre transparência e seu respectivo projeto de ação estratégico-institucional. A metodologia combinou entrevistas em profundidade e pesquisa documental. A pesquisa revela a existência de dois mundos retóricos e uma série de controvérsias decorrentes dessa polarização entre as justificações apresentadas pelo então presidente da instituição, Renan Calheiros e as críticas articuladas pela esfera burocrática, responsável pela gestão das ferramentas de transparência do Senado. Os resultados apontam para duas funções do projeto de transparência do Senado: accountability e propaganda política.
Mulheres vitoriosas na política: estudo comparativo entre as candidaturas ao cargo de deputado estadual no RS em 2010
Authors: Schulz Rosangela , Moritz Maria Lúcia
Published: May 2015

O artigo pretende contribuir para a discussão do tema mulher e política ao problematizar os resultados da disputa ao cargo de deputado estadual no estado do Rio Grande do Sul/eleições 2010. A proposta é elaborar um quadro comparativo entre as candidatas e os candidatos eleitos, ou seja, através do recorte de gênero verificar similaridades e diferenças na construção de candidaturas vitoriosas em termos de votos, considerando as seguintes variáveis: recursos econômicos (despesas/receitas oficiais de campanha) e recursos políticos ou trajetória política (carreira política, redes de contatos, militância). Por fim, o intento é trabalhar estes dados à luz dos debates sobre inclusão das mulheres no campo político.
Torta de crambe na terminação de bovinos de corte em confinamento
Authors: Mendonça B.P.C. , Lana R.P. , Detmann E. , Goes R.H.T.B. , Castro T.R.
Published: May 2015

Foram utilizados cinco novilhos nelore com peso inicial médio de 335±12kg, mantidos em baias individuais, para determinação do consumo e da digestibilidade, e 40 novilhos com peso corporal médio de 345±14kg, mantidos em baias coletivas, para avaliação do desempenho. A dieta definitiva foi constituída de 82% de concentrado e 18,2% de silagem de sorgo na base da matéria seca, e os níveis de inclusão da torta de crambe foram 0 (controle), 5, 10, 15 e 20%. Os ingredientes do concentrado foram sorgo moído, casca de soja, caroço de algodão, resíduo da colheita de soja, torta de crambe e núcleo mineral proteico. Houve efeito linear decrescente de nível de inclusão de torta de crambe sobre o peso corporal, e crescente, sobre o consumo de extrato etéreo, e houve efeito cúbico sobre o consumo de fibra em detergente neutro corrigido para cinzas e proteína (CFDNcp), em que o maior valor foi observado da dieta controle e o menor na dieta contendo 20% de torta de crambe. Os consumos de MS, PB, ureia, PB de ureia e CNFcp, bem como as digestibilidades e os ganhos de peso, não foram afetados pelos tratamentos. Conclui-se que a torta de crambe pode ser utilizada em até 20% de inclusão na matéria seca de dietas de bovinos de corte em confinamento.
Diagnóstico etiológico de enfermidades do sistema nervoso central de equinos no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Costa E.A. , Rosa R. , Oliveira T.S. , Furtini R. , Fonseca Júnior A.A. , Paixão T.A. , Santos R.L.
Published: May 2015

O Brasil possui o quarto maior rebanho equino do mundo, e o Estado de Minas Gerais detém o maior número de equinos do país. Portanto, um diagnóstico preciso das doenças neurológicas dos equinos é prioridade no estado. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, utilizando a Reação em Cadeia pela Polimerase (PCR), os agentes infecciosos responsáveis por enfermidades que afetam o sistema nervoso central (SNC) de equinos. De janeiro de 2009 a janeiro de 2011, foi realizado um levantamento dos casos de encefalites e encefalomielites em equinos no Estado de Minas Gerais, utilizando-se amostras de SNC de equinos que morreram com sinais neurológicos. Das 217 amostras de SNC, 47 (21,7%) foram positivas para o vírus da raiva pelo método de imunofluorescência indireta e inoculação em camundongos. Nas 170 amostras negativas para o vírus da raiva, o herpes-vírus equino-1 (EHV-1) foi diagnosticado em 20 (11,8%) e o herpes-vírus suíno-1 (SHV-1), em uma amostra por meio de PCR, e o vírus encefalite de Saint Louis (SLEV), em outra amostra, através de transcrição reversa (RT) e PCR (RT-PCR). Constatou-se que o vírus da raiva é o principal agente causador de encefalite em equinos, apesar do crescente número de casos de encefalomielite associados ao EHV-1 no Estado de Minas Gerais.
Avaliação da analgesia pós-operatória da metadona, da cetamina ou da sua associação em gatas submetidas a ovariossalpingo-histerectomia
Authors: Padilha V.S. , Tocheto R. , Beier S. L. , Volpato J. , Oleskovicz N.
Published: May 2015

A prevenção e o controle da dor são componentes básicos para um procedimento anestésico adequado. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a analgesia pós-operatória da cetamina, em dose subanestésica, da metadona e da associação de ambas pela via intramuscular em felinos. Foram utilizadas 24 gatas, hígidas, submetidas à ovariossalpingo-histerectomia eletiva. No dia anterior ao início do estudo, os animais foram anestesiados para colocação de cateter na veia jugular, para posterior coleta de sangue para mensuração da concentração sérica do cortisol. No dia do experimento, os animais foram alocados aleatoriamente em três grupos (n=oito), os quais receberam cetamina (GC), na dose de 0,5mg/kg; ou metadona (GM), na dose de 0,3mg/kg; ou cetamina e metadona (GCM), nas doses de 0,5mg/kg e 0,3mg/kg, respectivamente, todos pela via intramuscular. Todos os grupos receberam os fármacos 20 minutos antes da indução anestésica, a qual foi realizada com propofol, e a manutenção com isoflurano. Os parâmetros avaliados foram a mensuração do cortisol nos momentos M0 (basal - antes da cirurgia), M1(transoperatório), M2, M3, M4, M8, M12 e M24 (duas, três, quatro, oito, 12 e 24 horas após o término da cirurgia),e a do escore de dor por meio da escala multidimensional de dor aguda em felinos nos momentos M0, M2, M3, M4, M8, M12 e M24. Os valores de cortisol foram maiores no GC em comparação ao GM e ao GCM em M2 e M3. Os escores de dor foram maiores no GC nos momentos M2 e M3 em comparação ao GM e ao GCM, respectivamente. No somatório de pontos, no M2, o GC apresentou valores maiores que o GM e o GCM, e, no M4, o GC obteve valores maiores que o GCM. Em relação ao número de resgates no pós-operatório no GC, 8/8 dos animais necessitaram de resgate, no GM 5/8 e no GCM 3/8. Conclui-se que a associação de metadona e cetamina em gatas submetidas à OSH eletiva promove analgesia pós-operatória adequada e, assim, reduz o requerimento de analgésicos no período pós-operatório.
Desempenho, consumo e morfometria in vivo de cordeiros Santa Inês alimentados com rações contendo torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de algodão
Authors: Fernandes Júnior F. , Ribeiro E.L.A. , Castro F.A.B. , Mizubuti I.Y. , Silva L.D.F. , Pereira E.S. , Pinto A.P. , Barbosa M.A.A.F. , Koritiaki N.A.
Published: May 2015

Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de determinar o melhor teor de substituição da proteína do farelo de algodão pela proteína da torta de girassol em dietas para cordeiros Santa Inês, por meio da avaliação do consumo, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar e medidas morfométricas. Foram confinados, por 60 dias, 30 cordeiros da raça Santa Inês, machos inteiros, com idade e peso médio no início do experimento de 80 dias e 21,45±2,16kg, respectivamente. O delineamento experimental foi completamente casualizado, sendo os animais divididos em 5 tratamentos, com 6 repetições por tratamento, de acordo com a quantidade de proteína do farelo de algodão substituída pela proteína da torta de girassol (0, 20, 40, 60 e 80% de substituição). As variáveis peso final, consumo de matéria seca e conversão alimentar não foram afetadas pelas dietas experimentais, embora o ganho médio diário tenha sido inferior para as dietas com maior teor de torta de girassol. Para os parâmetros de consumo, verificou-se diferença apenas no consumo de extrato etéreo em relação ao peso metabólico (g/kg PV0,75), em que cordeiros recebendo dieta com maior teor de torta de girassol ingeriram maiores quantidades de extrato etéreo. Em relação às medidas morfométricas, houve decréscimo linear da altura de dorso e largura de garupa com a inclusão da torta de girassol na dieta. A substituição da proteína do farelo de algodão pela proteína da torta de girassol afetou negativamente o ganho de peso de cordeiros Santa Inês em confinamento. Porém, teve pouca ou nenhuma influência nos parâmetros de consumo e nas medidas morfométricas in vivo.
Identificação imuno-histoquímica de VEGF e IGF-1 em ovários de cadelas no anestro e estro
Authors: Almeida M.V.D. , Castro D.S. , Rial L.C. , Lustosa J.P. , Bicalho A.L.F. , Ortega H.H. , Salvetti N.R. , Caliari M.V. , Vieira F.G. , Valle G.R.
Published: May 2015

Com o objetivo de verificar a presença de VEGF e IGF-1 nos ovários de cadelas, foram realizadas análises imuno-histoquímicas do estroma cortical; teca e granulosa de folículos secundários, terciários e terciários pré-ovulatórios luteinizados; e ovócitos de folículos primários, secundários e terciários de ovários de cinco cadelas em anestro (Anest) e cinco em estro (Est). A identificação das fases do ciclo estral foi realizada por citologia vaginal associada a dosagem plasmática de progesterona. Os ovários foram submetidos a tratamento imuno-histoquímico para identificação de VEGF (anticorpo primário PU 360-UP, Biogenex, USA; diluição 1:30) e IGF-1 (anticorpo primário PabCa, Gro-Pep, Austrália; diluição 1:100). Determinou-se um índice de imunomarcação (IM), para cada tecido avaliado, pela razão entre a área positivamente marcada dividida pela área total analisada. Para os ovócitos, verificou-se imunomarcação positiva ou negativa. As comparações de IM entre tecidos foram realizadas pelo teste de Wilcoxon (diferentes tecidos em mesmo grupo) ou Mann-Whitney (mesmo tecido entre diferentes grupos), todas no nível de 5% de significância. VEGF e IGF-1 foram identificados, de forma semelhante (P>0,05), em todas as estruturas avaliadas em ambos os grupos experimentais. Conclui-se que esses fatores de crescimento estão presentes em cadelas no anestro e estro, no estroma cortical ovariano, folículos em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento e ovócitos.
Influência de diferentes tipos de micro-organismos na contagem bacteriana total por citometria de fluxo do leite cru refrigerado
Authors: Sampaio V.S.C. , Souza F.N. , Saraiva C.J.C. , Santos R.P. , Leite M.O. , Resende G.M. , Gonçalves N.C. , Dionizio F.L. , Cerqueira M.M.O.P.
Published: May 2015

Contagens bacterianas de 179 amostras de leite cru refrigerado, provenientes de diferentes bacias leiteiras de Minas Gerais, foram realizadas pelos métodos de citometria de fluxo e contagem padrão em placas. O estudo das associações entre a contagem bacteriana total e as contagens bacterianas dos diferentes grupos de micro-organismos foi realizado pela correlação de Pearson. Houve uma forte correlação positiva e significativa entre os valores de contagem de psicrotróficos (r = 0,67) e mesófilos (r = 0,70), determinados pelo método de referência, e os valores da contagem bacteriana total, determinados pela citometria de fluxo. Foi possível estabelecer uma curva de calibração para o citômetro de fluxo utilizando equações de regressão linear. As equações para a contagem bacteriana obtida por citometria de fluxo em função da contagem de mesófilos e psicrotróficos foram: log (CBI) = 0,701 log mesófilos + 1,9091 e log (CBI) = 0,4703 log psicrotróficos + 3,2784, respectivamente. Não foi possível estabelecer curvas de calibrações para termófilos e termodúricos, pois as correlações obtidas entre as contagens desses micro-organismos e a contagem bacteriana total, determinada por citometria de fluxo, foram fracas (r = 0,30 e 0,27, respectivamente).