bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Construction of an Electric Guitar Body Made of Carbon Composite
Authors: Vandžura Radoslav , Simkulet Vladimír , Hatala Michal
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the selection of technology, technological and working procedures to construct the body of an electric guitar (Stratocaster type.). The used material for the electric guitar construction was carbon composite material offset by standardly used components. The carbon composite was chosen because of its excellent properties suitable for guitar construction. Described and used technologies were Manual Wet Lamination Technology and Vacuum Bag Molding (VBM) technology, and both are affordable and uncomplicated methods.
Arte y arquitectura moderna, vínculos fluctuantes. La integración de las artes en los edificios religiosos de Lima, 1940-1970
Authors: Prinoth Nogara Josef
Published: September 2021

La integración de las artes fue un tema central de debate en la arquitectura moderna, desde los cubistas hasta la Bauhaus. También en el Perú, estas ideas han sido puestas en valor y se han plasmado en proyectos concretos, diversos entre ellos pero con resultados que demuestran que el arte y la arquitectura pueden existir en conjunto. Es el caso de la iglesia San Felipe, del arquitecto Paul Linder; de la portada del cementerio El Ángel, del arquitecto Luis Miro Quesada con los artistas Fernando de Szyszlo y Joaquín Roca Rey; y de la iglesia San Antonio de Padua, del arquitecto Roberto Wakeham con los vitrales del artista Adolfo Winternitz.
Arquitectura, museografía y curaduría contemporánea en Lima. Relaciones entre el proyecto arquitectónico y el museo
Authors: Iriarte Luis
Published: September 2021

Este artículo ofrece una visión panorámica de la museografía y curaduría contemporánea en relación con el proyecto arquitectónico de los museos de Lima. Si bien los tres aspectos están presentes en diversos museos, se revisará el diálogo existente entre ellos y cómo se encuentran encaminados. Se abordarán casos cuya museografía ha sido intervenida a partir de 1990 y que pertenecen a dos tipologías distintas: por un lado, el proyecto arquitectónico diseñado como museo; y por otro, el edificio adaptado. En el primer caso, se analizarán el Lugar de la Memoria (LUM) y el Museo de Arte de Lima (MALI); y en el segundo, el Museo Larco. Finalmente, se ensaya un diagnóstico museográfico que resalta el valor de cada caso, de modo que puedan ser tomados como referencia.
Heteropías panópticas. Análisis tipológico de tres instituciones de encierro de la ciudad de Lima (Siglos XIX y XX)
Authors: Michilot Yalán Marisol
Published: September 2021

«¿Puede extrañar que la prisión se asemeje a las fábricas, las escuelas, los cuarteles y los hospitales, todos los cuales, a su vez, se asemejan a las prisiones? » (Foucault 2009 [1976]: 261). El poder, el control y la gestión son elementos inducidos a través de las instituciones para generar disciplina y orden en la sociedad. Y es el edificio el que se transforma en un instrumento de confinamiento como garantía del cumplimiento del orden. Las heterotopías panópticas reflejan un sistema de retención y aislamiento; generan inclusión y exclusión por la manera en que se insertan en el espacio urbano. Los presos, por ley; los enfermos, por salvaguardar la salud pública; y los ancianos, por ser considerados personas en retiro, comparten un mundo interno administrado en una rutina diaria que nos permite comprender los mecanismos de la ciudad. A partir de tres casos de estudio se realiza un análisis tipológico partiendo por la perspectiva urbana, funcional y social, para entender la importancia del rol de esta tipología arquitectónica en la ciudad.
Héctor Velarde. Una labor crítica a través del arte gráfico
Authors: Paredes Cóndor Tabata
Published: September 2021

La consolidación de la práctica de la arquitectura moderna en el Perú trajo consigo distintos problemas, principalmente su integración al contexto urbano. En el ámbito de la arquitectura y el urbanismo hubo distintas posturas en cuanto al desarrollo de la ciudad y cómo esta debía responder al paradigma moderno. En este sentido, resulta importante analizar la labor de Héctor Velarde debido al valor de su crítica a los cambios urbanos, haciendo uso de herramientas que le ayudaran a transmitir estas observaciones a los ciudadanos. La gráfica y su apoyo en el humor le permitirán presentar temas sobre arquitectura, urbanismo y sociedad de una forma sencilla, desprendida de tecnicismos disciplinares. Este artículo busca analizar esta labor crítica reflejada en cinco caricaturas sobre temas relacionados estrechamente a los cambios de la ciudad de Lima en la primera mitad del siglo XX, en un contexto de grandes transformaciones culturales, sociales y urbanas.
​Effects of Addition of Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) Pulp on the Physico-chemical and Sensory Properties of Burfi and its Cost Structure
Authors: Kolwate Rahul Govinda , Uikey Ashish Ashok , Shegokar S.R.
Published: September 2021

Background: During present investigation burfi was prepared from different combinations of cow milk khoa and pumpkin pulp [viz., 100:00 (T1), 75:25 (T2), 70:30 (T3), 65:35 (T4) and 60:40 (T5)] and the samples were subjected to sensory evaluation, chemical analysis and cost was computed considering the ingredients and processing costs. The pumpkin pulp (as per treatments) and sugar (30% by weight of khoa) were mixed with khoa at different stage of khoa preparation. Then, the mixture was heated till burfi was obtained. Methods: For preparation of burfi fresh cow milk was obtained from Livestock Instructional Farm, Akola. The milk was standardized to 4.0 per cent fat and 9.0 per cent SNF for the preparation of burfi. The khoa blended with pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) pulp at different ratios, the product without using pumpkin pulp served as control. The burfi was analyzed for chemical composition (viz., fat protein, total sugars, ash and total solids). The organoleptic attributes of burfi were analyzed in terms of its flavor, body and texture and color and appearance, wherein the total score was out of 100; the judging panel comprised on 5 members. Result: The total sensory scores of burfi obtained were 87.81, 90.46, 95.46, 92.99 and 84.30 for the treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The burfi prepared from various combinations involving use of up to 70 per cent cow milk khoa in blend with pumpkin pulp was found acceptable. The fat content of burfi’s was 19.61, 15.40, 14.38, 13.40 and 12.37 per cent, protein content was 14.89, 12.64, 12.11, 11.61 and 11.04 per cent, total sugar content was 32.78, 36.73, 37.59, 38.45 and 39.31 per cent, ash content was 2.69, 2.55, 2.53, 2.49 and 2.45 per cent, total solids content was 69.94, 67.30, 66.60, 65.94 and 65.17 per cent for the treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The fat, protein, ash and total solids of burfi tended to decrease while total sugar and moisture content tended to increase with an increase in the level of pumpkin pulp used as additive. The per kg cost of production of pumpkin based burfi decreased with increasing level of incorporation of pumpkin pulp in burfi formulation i.e. ₹ 240 (100:00 khoa), ₹ 204.51 (75:25, khoa: pulp), ₹ 199.11 (70:30 khoa: pulp), ₹ 194.33 (65:35 khoa: pulp), ₹ 189.25 (60:40, khoa : pulp) for the treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The most acceptable burfi i.e. T3 was computed to be priced at ₹ 199.11 per kg.
Genetic Relationship of Transcriptional Factor Genes in the Regulation of Cells Death in Arabidopsis: A Review
Authors: Khaskheli A.J. , Zhang L. , Khaskheli M.I. , Khaskheli A.A. , Qing L.H.
Published: September 2021

The leaf yellowing is the first visible sign of senescence, which starts at the margins of the leaf and progresses to the blade. Although, transcriptional factor family genes generally encode meticulous regulators which perform a range of functions in turns regulating the physiological and developmental mechanism of plant stature. However, the genetic relationship of TFs genes in regulating the cell death of Arabidopsis is well not understood to date. TFs family in a plant regulates various developmental and stress responses in underline pathways. In our review we observed the genetic relationship of TFs genes in regulations of cell death in Arabidopsis. Given that, programmed cell death (PCD) being an active process that includes the expression of hundreds of genes. It is speculated that many TFs are involved in the core elements of the regulatory network. There are only a few factors that are being demonstrated in involving the regulation of cell death, by evaluating the leaf senescence appearances of knocking of mutants and by identifying downstream target genes. In this review, we have focused on the manifold roles of TFs during genetic relationships and the regulation of cell death in Arabidopsis. We also deliberated how the transcription factors family gene regulates the cells’ death by different hormonal stress, environmental strain and their role in retrograde signaling. For deep understanding of regulatory molecular mechanisms of cell death in the plant, future research may be hypothesized to collect appropriate evidence and a detailed study may be implemented on the upstream pathway with a specific targeted gene that recognizes the stress signals involved in cell death in plants. Also, crosstalk between mitochondria and chloroplast is mainly being focused to better understand the regulations of cell death in plants. Present review concludes that regulating the cell death of Arabidopsis is very important for meeting future global food needs, crop yields. Overexpression of ERF transcription factors genes relating cell death of Arabidopsis confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens and other abiotic stresses and can also make transgenic plants resistant to drought, salinity and freezing.
First Molecular Study of Caprine Trypanosoma evansi Infection in Central India
Authors: Agrawal V. , Das G. , Maharana B.R. , Jayraw A.K. , Shakya M. , Jatav G.P. , Jamara Nirmala
Published: September 2021

Background: Diagnosis of Trypanosoma evansi among goat in field is still challenging due to scarce information on clinical manifestation and non availability of rapid reliable diagnostics. Molecular test such as PCR employed to diagnose the T. evansi with accuracy in both blood and tissues. Limited reports are available from different parts of the country on natural infection of T. evansi in goat. Mainly subclinical form of disease occurred in goats owing to low level of parasitaemia of T. evansi. Methods: A Jamunapari goat aged 1.5 years and weighing ~25 Kg was suffering from circling movement, pale conjunctiva and anorexia and was found positive for T. evansi by buffy coat examination and polymerase chain reaction. Diminazene aceturate was given intramuscularly as 7% water solution at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg b.wt. After 3 days, blood smear and buffy coat were negative for T. evansi and no band was found after running the product on 1.7% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide. Result: The present study reveals first time report on caprine trypanosomosis from central India by conventional and PCR technique and placed on record. Hence, the goat should also be taken into consideration for control of trypanosomosis as goats are an important source of infection to other animals due to their reservoir nature for T. evansi.
The Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Planting Type on Growth and Yield of Curcuma aromatica
Authors: Ben Trinh Thi , Linh Le Nguyen Tu , Giang Tran Thi Linh , Dao Vu Quang , Oanh Nguyen Thi Tu , Dang Luu Van , Thach Bui Dinh
Published: September 2021

Background: Curcuma aromatica Salisb is an important medicinal herb in Vietnam. It is exploited naturally, so its production is limited and in danger of extinction. Studying an organic farming model is a necessary orientation to exploit, conserve and provide quality raw materials. Methods: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of surface coating types (A1: without coating, A2: straw coating and A3: polymer coating) and organic fertilizer amount (B1: 0; B1: 15, B2: 20, B3: 25 and B4: 30 ton ha-1) on growth and yield of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. The experiment was designed in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The traits studied were: survival plant’s rate (%), leaf area (cm2), plant height (cm), number of leaves, fresh weight (g/plant), dry weight (g/plant), phenolic content/area (mg/20 m2), curcumol content/area (mg/20 m2). Result: The results of the experiment revealed that surface coating types and organic fertilization and their interaction were significant in growth and yield of Curcuma aromatica Salisb.
Treatment of the hidden penis in boys
Authors: Kireeva N. B. , Tibilov A. Z. , Gudkova M. P.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. “Hidden penis” (HP) is a developmental malformation of the penis characterized by normally developed, but abnormally located cavernous bodies in the surrounding tissues of the symphysis or scrotum, manifested by the visually shortened penis trunk. The most common type is «buried» penis (BP). This pathology requires, as a rule, surgical treatment.Purpose. To assess outcomes of BP treatment with an improved surgical technique.Material and methods. 40 boys, aged from 2 to 16 (average age 9 ± 1.59) and diagnosed with HP, were treated in 2014-2019. BP was diagnosed in 35 children (87.5%), webbed penis (WP) – in five (12.5%). Primary BP was in 18 children (51.4%) and BP in combination with the suprapubic obesity - in 17 patients (48.6%). Two children (5%) were operated after the previous circumcision. Indications for surgery were: congenital primary HP, secondary HP in adolescents with insufficient visualization of the penis, psychological discomfort of the patient and the absence of significant clinical effects after conservative care. The average age of children with primary HP was 3.9 ± 2.48; with secondary HP and pubic obesity - 12 ± 3.84 years. During surgery, circular or circular and ventral midline incisions to the middle of the scrotum were used; they were followed by mobilization of the penis from adhesions, excision of adipose tissue in the bosom, fixation of the pubopenile and penoscrotal angles with a non-absorbable surgical thread. The authors have proposed a new technique for foreskin fixation using 2 ventral and 2 dorsal incisions, through which the skin was sutured to the deep fascia of the penis to prevent its distal slipping.Results. All patients had good anatomical and functional results. The authors describe the developed surgical technique in details; they also make literature review on the discussed problem.Conclusion. In the treatment of HP an improved surgical technique with the additional use of incisions allows you to reliably fix the skin of the foreskin on the trunk of the penis, avoiding its distal displacement.
Périphéries vs centres : le cas de la traductologie en Finlande
Authors: Taivalkoski-Shilov Kristiina
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the history of translation studies (TS) in Finland from its beginnings to the present with the help of the polysystem theory, while also examining the impact of various individuals and communities on the development of the Finnish TS tradition. My analysis indicates that the “centrality” of Finnish researchers in translation studies — which was particularly visible before the discipline went global in the 2010s — can be explained by some general trends in European higher learning, but even more than that by the strong relations that Finnish translation scholars have had with local translation professionals, international colleagues, and, last but not least, each other.
IMAGING IN ANTERIOR SHOULDER DISLOCATION
Authors: Lubiatowski Przemyslaw , Wałecka Joanna , Stefaniak Jakub
Published: September 2021

Shoulder dislocation is a very common musculoskeletal injury. Imaging in such cases serves an important role in the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Despite a pretty simple clinical diagnosis, the process itself is long for the patient and associated with multiple steps and decision making to regain function with low risk of prolonged disability (Zygmunt et al., 2013; Lubiatowski et al., 2016). There are also many controversies as well as significant diversity among surgeons regarding the timing and choice of particular diagnostic modalities used in diagnostics of different scenarios of shoulder dislocation. The aim of imaging in shoulder dislocation is to confirm dislocation and its direction and finally successful reduction. That usually is served by conventional radiography. Additionally, imaging may be required to identify soft tissue or bone injuries or, when necessary vascular and nerve injuries using different modalities (CT, MR, US). The selective radiographic evaluation may reduce the number of X-rays, costs, and most of all time before reduction and spent by a patient in an emergency unite. That should be used carefully to avoid misdiagnosis. Keywords: shoulder dislocation, imaging, radiography, instability, magnetic resonance
AN UPDATE ON EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR SHOULDER AND ELBOW REHABILITATION SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE STRATEGY, VISION, BREXIT AND ITS IMPACT ON FUTURE COLLABORATION
Authors: Rai Jayanti , Mohammed Jaleel
Published: September 2021

Introduction The European Society for Shoulder and Elbow Rehabilitation (EUSSER) is made up of health professionals who specialise or have an interest in the field of shoulder & elbow dysfunction. The scientific committee of the EUSSER developed their strategies and vision and post-Brexit to work in collaboration with The European Society of Surgery for the Shoulder and Elbow (ESSSE), Société Europeenne de Chirurgeie I’Epaule et du Coude (SECEC), and British Elbow and Shoulder Society. Aim We aim to share EUSSER scientific committee’s achievements, our vision, Brexit, and its impact on our future collaborations for education and research. Materials and methods We developed our strategy in discussion with the EUSSER Board, evidence synthesis of published literature, monitoring and mapping the EUSSER scientific committee’s activities along with other equivalent professional networks scientific committee and with EUSSER scientific committee members consensus. Results Integration, collaboration, and transformation were three key areas of focus for the scientific committee this year. We worked together with other professional networks and societies, delivered a scientific lecture, and are working on developing collaborative research projects across Europe. Conclusion Despite Brexit and Covid-19 pandemic challenges, EUSSER scientific committee has worked towards expanding this year, developed strategies and vision to work with various stakeholders. Keywords: shoulder, elbow, rehabilitation, scientific, education, research, Brexit.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF URODYNAMIC EVALUATION IN PATIENTS AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY
Authors: Barnaś Anna , Chlebuś Ewa , Mortka Kamila , Lisiński Przemysław
Published: September 2021

Introduction The world-widely acknowledged method of diagnosing dysfunctions in the lower urinary tract is urodynamic study (UDS), however many of patients with adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (ANLUTD) have not undergone this test or have been examined a couple of years after the spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent studies provide evidence of significance UDS in precise diagnosis and monitoring of ANLUTD. Aim The aim of this article is to analyze the value of UDS in the management of neurogenic bladder in patients after. Material and methods Research was performed on the databases Pubmed and Web of Science. Results Out of 2012 articles found by performing the above research procedure, 9 matched the inclusions criteria and were analyzed. Discussion One study showed significant differences in those groups regarding maximum cystometric capacity and volume at first involuntary contraction. Other authors proved significant differences in bladder function among groups with different C and L level of injuries. In follow up patients with maximum cystometric (MCC) capacity < 200 ml experienced significantly more often (p = 0.019) UUT deterioration than those with MCC ≥ 200 ml. In the study with annual UDS, 47.9% of the patients needed at least one type of intervention (in 82.6% of cases – urological interventions) basing on their UDS. None of those patients complained of new urological symptoms since their previous. Conclusions UDS should be performed as a standard examination in patients after SCI. Regular follow up UDS should be performed for prevention UUT deterioration. Keywords: spinal cord injury, urodynamic study, adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.
Strengths and problems of families in contact with child protective services during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Witte Susanne , Kindler Heinz
Published: September 2021

Objective: The study investigates the dynamics within families in contact with child protective services in reaction to the Covid-19 pandemic as perceived by social workers. Based on the Family Adjustment and Adaptation Response (FAAR) model, strengths and problems are outlined.

Background: Following the first lockdown of public life in March 2020, concerns about children’s well-being have been raised. Practitioners and scientists alike worried that particularly children in families with multiple problems would suffer severe abuse and neglect. However, it remains unclear how these families have actually been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and the measures to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Method: Child protection caseworkers from 40 child and youth welfare authorities across Germany were interviewed twice via telephone. The first interview was conducted during summer 2020, and the second interview two months later. Caseworkers were questioned about their professional experience in their daily work since March 2020. Moreover, they provided information on the perceived effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on families in contact with child protective services.

Results: The interviews were analyzed using content analyses. Six overall challenges for families were identified. Families reacted differently to these. The caseworkers reported problems in families like increased parental conflict, media use, and alcohol consumption during the first lockdown. Nevertheless in some families, the caseworkers also perceived there to be less stress and tension during the lockdown in March 2020 due to fewer school requirements. Furthermore, some families were able to establish routines, activate resources, and find solutions for problems on their own. At the time of the second interview, some families’ problems had increased, particularly regarding children’s difficulties at school due to insufficient homeschooling.

Conclusion: The results show that the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on child protection families are positive and negative. Some are resourceful in the face of adversities, and others show an aggravation of problems. The results are discussed in light of findings on family dynamics during the Covid-19 pandemic in other countries.
O projeto do calçadão de Santa Maria (RS)
Authors: Maciel Filipe Bassan Marinho
Published: September 2021

Nesta entrevista, o arquiteto Luiz Gonzaga Binato de Almeida fala sobre a concepção do projeto original do calçadão de Santa Maria (RS) (1979) e reflete a respeito dos seus mais de 40 anos de ocupação.
O mundo das miçangas entre os Matipu do Alto Xingu
Authors: Leite Gabriela Aguillar
Published: September 2021

“As jovens só querem fazer colares e pulseiras” – disse-me Kui, referindo-se ao desinteresse que suas filhas demonstravam por outras técnicas e materiais utilizados para a produção de artefatos tradicionais no Alto Xingu (MT), como o trançado com o buriti, empregado para fazer esteiras e redes. Centrado entre o povo Matipu, falantes de uma variante da língua karib, este trabalho pretende refletir acerca do protagonismo da atividade de fazer kolar, especialmente compartilhada entre as mulheres da aldeia de Ngahünga. Seja mediando relações em seu próprio cotidiano (entre mulheres ou entre mulheres e homens), seja em redes estrangeiras (com brancos e outros indígenas não xinguanos), produzir enfeites com as miçangas é uma atividade na qual sobretudo as mulheres empregam muito de seu tempo, criatividade, trabalho, interesse e aspirações. Através da produção, venda e de um sistema de dádiva próprio às contas, as mulheres travam suas relações dentro e fora do Território Indígena do Xingu (TIX). Atualmente, muitas frequentam eventos e feiras de cultura indígena, participam da militância xinguana e indígena nacional, vão à cidade resolver assuntos diversos ou simplesmente “passear”, como dizem. Nessas ocasiões, tal como ocorre com as pinturas corporais, elas constroem e transformam seus próprios repertórios visuais, conformados em suas criações: ampliam referências de motivos e combinações, incluem o uso de novas cores e texturas – e, com isso, produzem formas próprias de socialidade. O interesse se detém, assim, sobre os materiais, técnicas e os repertórios de motivos gráficos, analisados por meio de pesquisa em campo, realizada entre 2015 e 2017 no TIX. Busca-se, por fim, ao dirigir-se também o olhar para as criações entre os homens xinguanos, discutir de modo mais amplo as potencialidades das produções com as contas em nos informar a respeito das trajetórias individuais e dos desdobramentos políticos mais recentes nas dinâmicas de diferenciação entre pessoas e povos no Alto Xingu.
Formación, vinculaciones y complejidad de los proyectos
Authors: Borello Jose Antonio , Barberis Noelia , Ascúa Rubén
Published: September 2021

El artículo mide la importancia de tres elementos que constituyen la base del conocimiento en la pequeña producción audiovisual: la formación, las vinculaciones y la complejidad de los proyectos. Desde esa base cognitiva se despliegan las capacidades de estos productores audiovisuales. El ejercicio se basa en información empírica recogida en una encuesta a una muestra de muy pequeños productores audiovisuales, en diferentes lugares de la Argentina, a fines del 2017. En el artículo se concluye que gran parte de las pequeñas unidades productivas registran altos niveles de formación y de vinculaciones, pero bajos niveles de complejidad de los proyectos que desarrollan.
Formula milk increases lactoferrin levels in 7–9 years old children
Authors: Luthfiani L. , Suryanto Dwi , Sungkar Suzanna
Published: September 2021

Background: Lactoferrin is known to have a bacteriostatic or bactericidal effect by binding ions in saliva to interfere with the survival of bacteria that need such ions, such as Streptococcus mutants. Lactoferrin is a whey protein and can be found in formula milk. Purpose: This study aimed to analyse lactoferrin levels before and after consuming formula milk and sterilized milk. Methods: This study was conducted on 22 students aged 7–9 years at Public Elementary School (SD Negeri) 060817 using purposive sampling, with 11 students consuming formula milk and 11 students consuming sterilized milk. Saliva was collected by the spitting method before and after consumption on the first and seventh days. Examination of lactoferrin levels was done using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). Differences in lactoferrin levels in each group before treatment on day one and day seven were analysed using the Friedman and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. Differences in lactoferrin levels between the formula milk and sterilized milk groups were analysed using the independent sample t-test and the Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05). Results: The average levels of lactoferrin before consuming formula milk was 0.212 ± 0.034 mg/100ml and increased to 0.222 ± 0.036 mg/100ml and 0.315 ± 0.026 mg/100ml. In the sterilized milk group, lactoferrin levels increased from 0.216 ± 0.033 mg/100ml to 0.225 ± 0.032 mg/100ml and 0.235 ± 0.027 mg/100ml. The increase in lactoferrin levels was more significant in the formula milk group on the seventh day (p=0.001, p<0.05). Conclusion: Formula milk, which contains whey protein, has a high potential in increasing lactoferrin levels.
Evaluation of osteogenic properties after application of hydroxyapatite-based shells of Portunus pelagicus
Authors: Kamadjaja Michael Josef Kridanto , Gatia Alya Nisrina Sajidah , Novitananda Agtadilla , Maudina Lintang , Laksono Harry , Dahlan Agus , Tumali Bambang Agustono Satmoko , Ari Muhammad Dimas Aditya
Published: September 2021

Background: After tooth extraction, the socket leaves a defect on the alveolar bone. The administration of shell crab-derived hydroxyapatite maintains bone dimensions that are important for achieving successful prosthodontic treatment. Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the osteogenic properties, such as the number of osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes, after the application of hydroxyapatite-based shell crab in the post-extraction sockets of Wistar rats. Methods: There were two groups: the control group (K) and the treatment group (T). Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. After tooth extraction, hydroxyapatite gel derived from Portunus pelagicus shells was applied to the tooth sockets of Wistar rats. Observations and calculations of osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes were carried out on the 14th and 28th days under a light microscope with 400 times magnification. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the K14 and P14 groups, K28 and P28 groups, K14 and K28 groups, and P14 and P28 groups. The results indicated that there were significant differences between groups of variables. Conclusion: The application of shell crab-derived hydroxyapatite (Portunus pelagicus) was able to decrease the number of osteoclasts and increase the number of osteoblasts and osteocytes.
The possibility of polymorphonuclear leukocyte activation in dental socket healing by freeze-dried Aloe vera induction
Authors: Soesilawati Pratiwi , Rachmat Ester Arijani , Arundina Ira , Naomi Nita
Published: September 2021

Background: Research has proved that Aloe vera has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and immunomodulator properties that can accelerate the healing process. These properties could be beneficial in the tooth extraction wound-healing process. Neutrophils are the first inflammatory cells to invade and are the predominant cell markers in the wound for 24 hours after injury. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) provide initial protection against micro-organisms, as they engulf and digest foreign bodies. Purpose: The aim of this study was to prove the effect of Aloe vera 90% gel application on the PMN count in the healing process of Cavia cobaya following tooth extraction. Methods: This laboratory experimental research was done using Post-Test Only Control Group Design. The lower incisive of twelve male Cavia cobayas were extracted then divided into four groups. Group P1 and P3 had 90% Aloe vera gel applied into the socket and sutured; group K1 and K3, received no 90% Aloe vera gel application and acted as controls. Samples from group P1 and K1 were terminated and had their mandibula taken one day after tooth extraction, and those from group P3 and K3 were terminated after three days. Tissues were then processed into histology slides, and PMN cells were counted. Results: There were significant differences in the PMN count between groups K1, P1, and K3 compared with P3 (p < 0.05). Higher PMN count was shown on the group containing Aloe vera 90% gel compared with control group, both on day one and three after tooth extraction. Conclusion: Aloe vera 90% gel can increase the PMN count in the inflammation phase of the tooth extraction wound-healing process.
The effect of X-ray irradiation to the formation of polychromatic erythrocyte cell micronucleus in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Astuti Eha Renwi , Djajakusuma Hutojo , Diyatri Indeswati , Ramadhani Nastiti Faradilla
Published: September 2021

Background: Panoramic and cephalometric radiography is very important for diagnosis, treatment plan, and evaluation of orthodontic treatment results. Panoramic and cephalometric radiography are frequently performed at the same time, causing DNA damage and chromosome aberration. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the effect of X-ray exposure in panoramic and cephalometric radiography on micronuclei cell numbers. Methods: Laboratory-based analytical study with 60 healthy-male Wistar rats weighing 200–300 grams divided into 6 treatment groups (n=10). The control group: without radiographic exposure, the treatment group 2: using panoramic radiographic exposure followed by cephalometric, and the treatment group 3: using panoramic radiographic exposure and 24 hours later performed cephalometric radiographic. The unit of analysis was the polychromatic erythrocytes of mice cell, were examined 24 hours and 48 hours after irradiation had been finished. The polychromatic erythrocytes were examined using May-Gruenwald-Giemsa staining and 100x magnification under a microscope with 2000 cells per view. Data obtained were analysed using the SPSS 20 version software. The mean and standard deviations were calculated for each clinical parameter, and a one‐way ANOVA statistical test of significance was used. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The analysis showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the number of micronucleus in groups that used panoramic radiographic exposure followed by cephalometric. Conclusion: X-ray radiation can increase the number of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocyte cells in rats.
Comparison of rat tooth eruption in rats born from diabetic mothers
Authors: Qotrunnada Salsabila , Ummah Dina Z. , Syafriadi Mei
Published: September 2021

Background: Tooth eruption begins after crown and root formation and may be delayed by gestational diabetes mellitus. Metformin can control blood glucose levels through gluconeogenesis inhibition, and consuming thymoquinone for diabetic treatment will regenerate pancreatic β cells and reduce oxidative stress. Purpose: The objective of this study is to compare the tooth eruption in rats that were born with diabetes and are being treated with either metformin or thymoquinone. Methods: This study used 48 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus L.), and the rat sample was divided into four groups, including rats who were born from healthy mothers, rats who were born from untreated diabetic mothers, rats who were born from diabetic mothers that were treated with metformin and rats who were born from diabetic mothers that were treated with thymoquinone. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg BB). Each rat sample was taken with simple random sampling from different mothers, and body weight, blood glucose levels and levels of tooth eruption were recorded. Eruptions of the maxillary right first molar were measured from the cusp of the tooth to the alveolar epithelial lining. Results: Based on the measurements of tooth eruption, it was found that groups A, C and D were closer to mucosa on day 1, 7 and 14 than group B. Based on statistical analysis, there were significant differences (p = 0.03) between group B and groups C and D. Conclusions: Rats born from untreated diabetic mothers have more delays in tooth eruption than those born from diabetic mothers who are treated with metformin and thymoquinone. Thymoquinone has the potential to be an alternative to metformin because it has been shown to be similarly effective.
Ethanol extract of Imperata Cylindrica leaves inhibits proliferation and migration of HSC-3 cell lines
Authors: Roeslan Moehamad Orliando , Tasha Gabriella
Published: September 2021

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is classified as the most common type of oral cancer up to 90% of all malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity. Currently, the only treatments for SCC are surgery and/or radiation or chemotherapy, which can cause various side effects. Cogon grass leaves (Imperata cylindrica) have been considered an alternative cancer treatment that may reduce side effects. Imperata cylindrica (I. cylindrica) leaf extract can inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration by withholding the cell cycle in the gap 1/synthesis (G1/S) and gap 2/mitosis (G2/M) phases. Therefore, the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is decreased and cancer is not progressing. Purpose: The study aims to determine the effect of I. cylindrica leaf extract on the proliferation and migration of human oral squamous carcinoma-3 (HSC-3) cell lines. Methods: This in vitro experimental study was conducted with nine study groups. The treatment group was divided into seven concentrations—640 ppm, 320 ppm, 160 ppm, 80 ppm, 40 ppm, 20 ppm and 10 ppm. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay and scratch assay were carried out to assess the effect of I. cylindrica leaf extract on HSC-3 cell proliferation and migration. Results: Ethanol extract of I. cylindrica has a significant effect compared to the negative control towards the proliferation and migration of HSC-3 cells. Conclusion: This study shows that I. cylindrica ethanol leaf extract can inhibit proliferation and migration of HSC-3 cells.
SWOT analysis of subscriptions to printed and electronic periodicals
Authors: Gerasimenko A. Yu. , Suraeva N. V.
Published: September 2021

The rapid development of digital technology has led to the need of replenishing library collections with both traditional and electronic resources. Against this backdrop, a topical question has emerged: In what proportion should the library collections be replenished with printed and electronic resources? This topic is of particular importance in the context of forming collections of periodicals. The purpose of the study was to assess the potential of print and electronic periodicals and identify criteria for selecting the optimal approach to replenishment of library collections.

For the first time, an attempt was made to use the strategic planning method - SWOT analysis.

The study contained three stages, the description and the results of each are presented in the article. The analysis resulted in assessing the potential of electronic and printed periodicals to provide information services and proposing criteria for choosing the format of subscriptions to periodicals.
Directions of scientific research in the Ural Branch of the RAS (scientometric analysis of publications)
Authors: Prokof’eva Yu. D. , Peksheva M. A.
Published: September 2021

Compliance of studies with the priority directions of scientific development in the country is an important factor in realizing the research potential of scholars. The article analyzes the directions of scientific research held in the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS) organizations and their interdisciplinary interactions in the context of RF priority areas of science and technology development. The research bases on the content analysis of strategic documents at the national and federal levels, programs for the development of the scientific sphere (Forecast of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030) and the analysis of scientific activities of the institutes of the Ural Branch based on scientometric data (Scopus).

It is revealed that the leading research directions of Ural scientists enter scientific fields, which, due to the Forecast, are promising for science and technology development. These areas include “Materials Science”, “Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”, “Medicine”, “Immunology and Microbiology”, “Pharmacology, Toxicology, Pharmacy”, “Energy”.

Fundamental scientific fields, not dir ectly reflected in the key areas of science and technology development, contribute to their development through the established interdisciplinary ties. They include “Physics and Astronomy”, “Chemistry”, “Engineering”, “Mathematics” and others. Researches on interdisciplinary problems have greater potential for international cooperation.
The importance of Azerbaijan libraries in forming the society information culture. Reflections about the monograph by A. T. Abdullaeva “Information literacy and libraries in the system of cultural and historical values“ (2019)
Authors: Lizunova I. V.
Published: September 2021

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Algorithms for contactless scanning of book monuments
Authors: Sivkov S. I. , Simakov S. P. , Vinokur A. I.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the questions of cultural heritage preservation by creating the digital collection of book monuments. The original documents are monuments of book culture and their dilapidated state requires careful handling, splitting of documents for scanning is extremely undesirable. The market does not present the equipment for contactless scanning of books without embroidering, therefore an algorithm that allows digitalizing book monuments in a contactless way has been developed. The technique has been constructed using an algorithm based on the projection of the light grid on the object scanned. The authors propose a sequence of actions consisting of image processing and comparing the results between two images. The first snapshot determines the initial parameters of the grid; the second snapshot determines the actual distortion of the test snapshot. Subsequent mathematical processing allows getting scanned images without absence of geometric distortions of the scanned page due to the system of using the two-dimensional array of corrections. The application of the system has been modeled on the example of «The legend of the destruction of Siberian cities of Tara and Tyumen by the lesser Tatars / / Collection of moral stories, words, lives and other articles [hand.]». The evaluation parameters of the simulation result have been the following: text distinctness, absence of geometric distortions, color quality, uniformity of document scanning quality within a single book, etc., as checked and recognized as high by the experts.

The experience described opens possibilities of book monuments digitization using the new algorithm. The development of the system is aimed at expanding the database of objects of material culture to be digitized, perfecting the software, improving the quality of digital images, as well as the capabilities of image recognition and search for the document itself and information it contains.
Decoding State Vaccination Rates Using educational aptitude, Income, and Political Affiliation
Authors: Kabir Azad , Kabir Raeed , Nahar Jebun , Sengar Ritesh
Published: September 2021

The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with lower COVID-19 vaccination rates in the United States. The study evaluated the effect of red-blue political affiliation and the effect of the US state's average educational aptitude score and per capita income on states' vaccination rates. The study found that states with concomitantly lower income along with lower educational aptitude scores are less vaccinated while the states with higher income have higher vaccination rates even among those with lower educational aptitude scores. These findings stayed significant after adjusting for red-blue political affiliation where states with red political affiliation have lower vaccination rates. Further study is needed to evaluate how to stop online misinformation among states with low income and low educational aptitude scores; and whether such an effort will increase overall vaccination rates in the United States.
Epithelial Ablation of Miro1/Rhot1 GTPase Leads to Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lung Inflammation by Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Wang Qixin , Muthumalage Thivanka , Rahman Irfan
Published: September 2021

Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure results in lung damage and inflammation through mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria quality control is sustained by Miro1 (Rhot1), a calcium-binding membrane-anchored GTPase by its interaction with PINK1/Parkin during mitophagy. However, the exact mechanism that operates this interaction of mitophagy machinery in Miro1 degradation and CS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction that results in lung inflammation remains unclear. We hypothesized that mitochondrial Miro1 plays an important role in regulating mitophagy machinery and resulting lung inflammation by CS in mouse lung. We showed a role of Miro1 in CS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and quality control mechanisms. The Rhot1Fl/Fl (WT) and lung epithelial cell-specific Rhot1 KO were exposed to mainstream CS for 3 days (acute) and 4 months (chronic). The cellular infiltration, cytokines, and lung histopathology were studied for the inflammatory response in the lungs. Acute CS exposure showed a notable increase in the total inflammatory cells, macrophages, and neutrophils associated with inflammatory mediators and Miro1 associated mitochondrial quality control proteins Parkin and OPA1. Chronic exposure showed an increase infiltration of total inflammatory cells and neutrophils versus air controls. Histopathological changes, such as pulmonary macrophages and neutrophils were increased in CS exposed mice. The epithelial Miro1 ablation led to augmentation of inflammatory cell infiltration with alteration in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and histopathological changes. Thus, CS induces disruption of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, and Rhot1/Miro1 mediates the process of CS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction ensuing lung inflammatory responses.
Long-term Transplant Effects of iPSC-RPE Monolayer in Immunodeficient RCS Rats
Authors: Rajendran Nair Deepthi S. , Zhu Danhong , Sharma Ruchi , Martinez Camarillo Juan Carlos , Bharti Kapil , Hinton David R. , Humayun Mark S. , Thomas Biju B.
Published: September 2021

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) replacement therapy is evolving as a feasible approach to treat age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In majority of the preclinical studies, RPE cells are transplanted as cell suspension into immunosuppressed animal eyes and transplant effects were monitored only short-term. We investigated long-term effects of human iPSC derived RPE transplants in immunodeficient Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat model, in which RPE dysfunction lead to photoreceptor degeneration. iPSC-RPE cultured as polarized monolayer on nanoengineered ultrathin parylene C scaffold was transplanted into the subretinal space of 28-day old immunodeficient RCS rat pups and evaluated after 1, 4 and 11 months. Assessment at early time points showed good iPSC-RPE survival. The transplants remained as a monolayer, expressed RPE specific markers, performed phagocytic function and contributed to vision preservation. At 11-month post-implantation, RPE survival was observed only in 50% of the eyes that were concomitant with vision preservation. Loss of RPE monolayer characteristics at the 11month time point was associated with peri-membrane fibrosis, immune reaction through activation of macrophages (CD 68 expression) and transition of cell fate (expression of mesenchymal markers). The overall study outcome supports the therapeutic potential of RPE grafts despite the loss of some transplant benefits during long-term observations.
Effect of Anti-cancerous Compounds on Cancer Cells Extracted From Edible Mushrooms: A Review
Authors: Vignesh Kannan , Ghosh Moumita
Published: September 2021

Mushrooms have been an invaluable ingredient in terms of food and medicine to humanity since time immemorial. Mushrooms have been shown to be possessing properties such as anti-tumor, antiproliferative, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic. Traditional Czech republic medicine involved using Piptoporus betulinus in curing colorectal cancer; similarly, fruiting bodies of Inonotus obliquus were employed in Folk medicine in eastern Europe since the 16th century. The oriental practice of utilizing mushrooms has witnessed an overwhelming attentiveness from the global research fraternity in exploring its wonder substances. Cancer is one of the key problems faced by researchers in finding an efficient medicine without inducing severe health complications. Mushrooms contain a plethora of bioactive compounds involved in tumor inhibition, such as hispolon, lentinan, gannoderic acid, illudin-s, and many more. The current article briefly describes various edible mushrooms with anti-tumorigenic compounds and their effect on the cancer cells of various means.