bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of effective grain geometry for electrical modeling of sedimentary rocks
Authors: Han Tongcheng , Clennell Michael Ben , Josh Matthew , Pervukhina Marina
Published: May 2015

Accurate electrical modeling of sedimentary rocks is crucial for the interpretation of electrical survey data and must take into account the geometric information of the rock grains. We have developed an incremental model for the multiphase electrical conductivity of sedimentary rocks on the theoretical basis of differential effective medium models. The developed incremental model was first validated on clean and clay-rich sandstones and then applied to simulate the conductivity of five digitally created rock samples with different spectra of grain aspect ratios. The conductivity is calculated as a function of water conductivity at full water saturation, and an effective grain aspect ratio for a two-phase medium is determined to reproduce the electrical behavior of the digital rocks. It was found that the effective grain aspect ratio can either be determined analytically or estimated from the aspect ratio spectrum. A link between the obtained effective grain aspect ratio and the cementation coefficient widely used in petrophysics has been established. The cementation coefficient increases with the decrease of the grain aspect ratio (increasing the [Formula: see text]-axis depolarization factor) and grain conductivity and the increase of sample porosity. It showed that the cementation coefficient can be interpreted as a measure of the connectivity of pores as well as the conductivity of the grains. Our results gave us new insights into the physical meanings of the grain aspect ratio and cementation coefficient, which could be used to facilitate the electrical modeling or interpretation of reservoir rocks.
International Pediatric Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Response Criteria
Authors: Sandlund John T. , Guillerman R. Paul , Perkins Sherrie L. , Pinkerton C. Ross , Rosolen Angelo , Patte Catherine , Reiter Alfred , Cairo Mitchell S.
Published: May 2015

Purpose

Response criteria are well established for adult patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A revised set of response criteria in adults with NHL was recently published. However, NHL in children and adolescents involves different histologies, primary sites of disease, patterns of metastatic spread, approaches to therapy, and responses to treatment compared with adult NHL. However, there are no standardized response criteria specific to pediatric NHL. Therefore, we developed international standardized methods for assessing response to therapy in children and adolescents with NHL.

Methods

An international multidisciplinary group of pediatric oncologists, pathologists, biologists, and radiologists convened during and after the Third and Fourth International Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult NHL Symposia to review existing response and outcome data, develop methods for response evaluation that reflect incorporation of more sensitive technologies currently in use, and incorporate primary and metastatic sites of disease for the evaluation of therapeutic response in children and adolescents with NHL.

Results

Using the current adult NHL response criteria as a starting point, international pediatric NHL response criteria were developed incorporating both contemporary diagnostic imaging and pathology techniques, including novel molecular and flow cytometric technologies used for the determination of minimal residual disease.

Conclusion

Use of the international pediatric NHL response criteria in children and adolescents receiving therapy for NHL incorporates data obtained from new and more sensitive technologies that are now being widely used for disease evaluation, providing a standardized means for reporting treatment response.
HUAORANI PEACE
Authors: Rival Laura
Published: May 2015

Twenty “uncontacted” Taromenani were slaughtered and two female children kidnapped in retaliation for the spearing of a couple of “civilized” Huaorani in March 2013. After months of indecision, the government of Ecuador decided to abduct the two little captives and send six warriors to jail for genocide. Each of these actions caused a moral outrage locally, nationally, and internationally. This article explores the complex constructions through which these violent events have come to be understood, both by the Huaorani and by Ecuadorian nationals, and it shows how two broad concerns—“territoriality” and “compensation”—have structured both the violent conflicts discussed and subsequent attempts at peace restoration. The essay concludes with a brief anthropological discussion of the relationship between ontology and politics. Whereas recent theorizations of Amazonian cosmic economies of alterity sharpen our understanding of “the assimilation of the Other as a mode of reproduction,” they tend to obscure the whys and the hows of intra- and intercultural disagreements, as well as the nature of the resort to violence as a way of asserting one's will.
Heuristic and Exact Algorithms for the Interval Min–Max Regret Knapsack Problem
Authors: Furini Fabio , Iori Manuel , Martello Silvano , Yagiura Mutsunori
Published: May 2015

We consider a generalization of the 0–1 knapsack problem in which the profit of each item can take any value in a range characterized by a minimum and a maximum possible profit. A set of specific profits is called a scenario. Each feasible solution associated with a scenario has a regret, given by the difference between the optimal solution value for such scenario and the value of the considered solution. The interval min–max regret knapsack problem (MRKP) is then to find a feasible solution such that the maximum regret over all scenarios is minimized. The problem is extremely challenging both from a theoretical and a practical point of view. Its decision version is complete for the second level of the polynomial hierarchy hence it is most probably not in 𝒩𝒫. In addition, even computing the regret of a solution with respect to a scenario requires the solution of an 𝒩𝒫-hard problem. We examine the behavior of classical combinatorial optimization approaches when adapted to the solution of the MRKP. We introduce an iterated local search approach and a Lagrangian-based branch-and-cut algorithm and evaluate their performance through extensive computational experiments.
Teaching Note—Analytic Visualization of Solver Output
Authors: Evans James R.
Published: May 2015

Data visualization is an essential component of modern analytics, supporting communication and understanding. While data visualization has been explored extensively in the context of descriptive analytics and big data, its use in prescriptive analytics, specifically for explaining and interpreting optimization results, has largely been ignored. In this teaching note we describe how data visualization can be applied effectively to facilitate the communication and understanding of standard Excel Solver output reports in a simple, nontechnical fashion.
Does decentralisation bring the people back to the government? An empirical analysis of the effect of decentralisation on political trust
Authors: Tang Min , Huhe Narisong
Published: May 2015

This study offers an empirical test of the effect of decentralisation on political trust. A comparative analysis of citizens in 47 countries suggests indirect and heterogeneous consequences of decentralisation. First, while various dimensions of decentralisation are significantly associated with political trust at the country level, no dimension has a direct effect on political trust at the individual level. Second, not all forms of decentralisation contribute to the promotion of political trust. And, finally, two dimensions of decentralisation (that is, fiscal and administrative) promote political trust through reducing the negative effect of democratic values.
Composition of functional groups of ground vegetation differ between planted stands of non-native Pinus contorta and native Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies in northern Sweden
Authors: Bäcklund Sofia , Jönsson Mari , Strengbom Joachim , Thor Göran
Published: May 2015

Intensified forestry increases the interest in replacing native tree species with fast growing non-native species. However, consequences for native biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are poorly understood. We compared cover and composition of major functional groups of ground vegetation between planted stands of non-native Dougl. var. Engelm. and native conifers L. and (L.) H. Karst. in northern boreal Sweden. We quantified the ground cover of lichens, bryophytes, vascular plants and ground without vegetation (bare ground) in 96 stands covering three different age classes (15, 30 and 85 years old). Our study revealed differences in ground vegetation patterns between non-native and native managed forests, and that these differences are linked to stand age and differences in canopy cover. Total vascular plant cover increased with increasing stand age for all tree species, with stands having higher cover than both native conifers. The ground cover of lichens was, although generally low, highest in stands of . stands had a lower cover of vascular plants, but bare ground was more common compared with . Our results suggest that the use of as an alternative tree species in Fennoscandian forestry will influence native ground vegetation patterns. This influence is likely to change with time and future research should consider both temporal and landscape-scale effects from shifting tree-species dominance to and other non-native tree species.Pinus contorta latifoliaPinus sylvestris Picea abies P. contortaPinus sylvestrisP. abiesP. contortaP. contortaPinus contorta
Microtensile bond strength of two self-adhesive cements to enamel and dentin: bonding efficiency and thermocycling effect
Authors: Fernandes Jr Virgílio Vilas Boas , Rodrigues José Roberto , Silva João Maurício Ferraz da , Pagani Clóvis , Malaquias Henderson , Balducci Ivan
Published: May 2015

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bonding efficiency between two self-adhesive cements to enamel and dentine, with and without previous dental surface conditioning, before and after thermocycling. Thirty-six molars were divided into 3 experimental groups and 01 control group. The self-adhesive resin cements selected for the experimental groups were: RelyX Unicem (subgroups RE and RD) and Bifix SE (subgroups BE and BD). For control groups, a conventional resin cement, Variolink II (subgroups VRE and VRD), was used. The specimens were submitted to microtensile bond strength test. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test. The results showed statistically significant differences between VR group and the others before and after thermocycling. According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that self-adhesive cements, despite of their practicality and less sensitive technique concerning to cementation, have lower adhesive resistance when compared to conventional resin cements.
Temporomandibular disorders in fibromyalgia: a critical view
Authors: Aquino Luana Maria Martins de , Gui Maisa Soares , Pimentel Marcele , Reimão Rubens , Rizzatti-Barbosa Célia Marisa
Published: May 2015

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800 - Morphological analysis of gutta-percha points subjected to different treatments and influence on obturation sealing
Authors: Rosa Patrícia Campos Ferreira da , Oliveira Simone Helena Gonçalves de , Vasconcelos Rafaela Andrade de
Published: May 2015

Objective: This study evaluated the morphological changes in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which occur on the surface of gutta-percha points at times exceeded those recommended. Methods: 2% chlorhexidine (CLX), 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2%peracetic acid (PA) and 0.25% peracetic acid (SAP) solutions were used in periods of 1 minute, 30 minutes, 6 hours and 12 hours. Groups were divided according to the solution and disinfection period (n=12). Results: The results indicated that there was statistically significant difference between the solutions and periods tested. In 1 minute, all solutions do not differ from the control. After 30 minutes, the SAP significantly alter the morphology of the points. The test energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) indicated that all the solution periods  alter the chemical composition of gutta-percha points. The relationship of disinfection on microleakage of filling was also evaluated in groups that suffered disinfection for 12 hours. The SAP group showed statistically significant difference compared to control, because 100% of its roots showed infiltration. The other groups of CLX, NaOCl and AP, although not statistically significant, were respectively 9, 8 and 8 out of 12 of his roots with infiltration. Conclusion: Concluded that the disinfection process can cause morphological changes if the immersion period is exceeded and that, in addition to altering the chemical composition of gutta-percha, these solutions can influence the sealing of the filling.
Effect of thermal treatment on the bending strength of glass ceramic/resin cement
Authors: Saavedra Guilherme Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni , Pedrique Beatriz , Cavalheiro Rodrigo Furtado , Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto , Paes-Junior Tarcisio José de Arruda
Published: May 2015

Objectives: To investigate the effect of the thermal treatment on the bending strength of ceramic bars (VM7) treated by the cementation protocol. Material and Methods: Forty ceramic bars (20 x 4 x 1.2 mm) were constructed and randomly distributed into 2 groups (n=20): NT - without treatment/control and T – with treatment  (50°C above the glass transition temperature, for 15 min). All specimens underwent the cementation process in which one surface of the ceramic bar was etched (20 s) with 10% hydrofluoridric acid, followed by air-water jet washing (60 s), drying (30 s), silane agent application and resin cementation. After storage (distilled water/seven days at 37 ºC), the specimens were submitted to 3-point flexure test at 100% humidity/37 ºC (v=1 mm/min, load cell of 10 kgf). Results: The bending strength values and standard deviations (MPa) were: NT: 19.98 (3.17)a; T: 20.45 (4.67)a (one-way ANOVA and Tukey test, ?=0.05). Conclusions: The thermal treatment did not influence on the bending strength mean values of the ceramics studied.
Micro-hardness of Acrylic Resin utilized for Provisional Crowns: Effect of different polymerization techniques and pH-Cycling
Authors: Nicodemo César Augusto Zanlorenzi , Rezende Carlos Eduardo Edwards , Moretti-Neto Rafael Tobias , Rubo José Henrique
Published: May 2015

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the micro-hardness of an acrylic resin used for provisional crowns. Materials and methods: Five different processing techniques (direct and indirect) were assessed: (I) auto polymerizing resin in sandy stage; (II) auto polymerizing resin in plastic stage; (III) bead-brush technique; (IV) auto polymerizing resin under pressure; (V) heat-cured acrylic resin under pressure. Five specimens were made for each test group. For the initial micro-hardness test, the specimens were immersed in deionized water for 48 hours. For the analysis of the final micro-hardness, the specimens were subjected to pH-cycling to simulate the changes in the pH level which occur in the oral cavity. Results: Tests revealed that the micro-hardness was decreased after the pH-cycling. However, no statistical difference was found among the different types of acrylic resin polymerization techniques. Conclusion: It was concluded that the micro-hardness is not directly related to the polymerization technique for making provisional crowns.
Treatment Considerations for Patient with amelogenesis imperfecta: a review
Authors: Chen Chiung-Fen , Hu Jan CC , Bresciani Eduardo , Peters Mathilde C , Estrella Maria Regina P
Published: May 2015

Objectives: Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of inherited disorders primary affecting the structural of enamel. Patients with AI experience poor esthetic excessive tooth sensitivity and compromised chewing function that dental treatments are frequently required at early age. This review describes the nonenamel implications, stage-specific management strategies and outcomes of selected restorative materials based on literature evidence.Keywords Amelogenesis imperfecta; Dental enamel, abnormalities; Dentistry, operative.
Prevalence of dental anomalies in children analyzed by orthopantomography
Authors: Cunha Monise Garcia Moreira , Di Nicollo Rebeca , Teramoto Lucia , Fava Marcelo
Published: May 2015

Objective: To determine the prevalence of dentalanomalies in patients aged from 4-12 years-oldthrough radiographic examination. Materialand Methods: 523 panoramic radiographs andfile records were selected and analyzed by 3calibrated examiners. The material was selectedfrom the Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry filesof Child Clinics of the Science and TechnologyInstitute of Sao Jose dos Campos of the Sao PauloState University, including only those with highquality and contrast. Data were submitted tostatistical analysis. Results: The tabulated datawere statistically analyzed by Mann Whitneytest and Fisher’s exact test. There was a higherincidence of abnormalities in females (56.72%).It was found 7 cases (1.34%) of supernumeraryteeth, 47 cases (8.99%) of anodontia, 45 cases(8.60%) of impacted teeth, 28 cases (5.35%) ofdilacerated teeth, and 7 cases (1.34%) of ankyloseddeciduous teeth. Conclusion: According to thesample studied, dental anomalies were presentin 25.62% of the children. Considering thenumber of supernumerary, ankylosed, impactedand dilacerated teeth, there were no statisticaldifferences between genders. There was statisticaldifference between genders regarding to thenumber of anodontia, with higher predominancein females.KeywordsDental anomalies; Children; Deciduous teeth; Panoramic radiograph.
Evaluation of 0.5% peracetic acid and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite on smear layer removal of root canal instrumented by three rotary systems
Authors: Gomes Ana Paula Martins , Lissi Lais dos Santos , Coelho Marcella Batista Pavanello , Da Silva Eduardo Galera , Martinho Frederico Canato , Huhtala Maria Filomena Rocha Lima
Published: May 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 0.5% peracetic acid solution and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution on smear layer removal of root canal walls after rotary instrumentation. Material and methods: Sixty single-rooted human teeth with standardized length had their canals instrumented by three rotary systems (Biorace, MTwo and Endowave), varying the irrigation solution, as follows (n=10): G1- Biorace System + 0.5% peracetic acid solution; G2- Biorace System + 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution; G3- MTwo System + 0.5% peracetic acid solution; G4- MTwo System + 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution; G5- Endowave System + 0.5% peracetic acid solution; G6- Endowave System + 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution. After instrumentation, the roots were cleaved and the dentin walls were evaluated by SEM at x500 and x2000 magnification for assessing the cleaning of the root canals at the cervical, middle and apical thirds. The analyzed area was quantified according to the total number of tubules present and the percentage of open tubules at each region. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey tests, at the significance level of 5%. Results: There were no statistical significant differences among the experimental groups. In all groups the smear layer removal at cervical and medium thirds was higher than that of apical third. Conclusion: It was concluded that the cleaning obtained at the apical third was lower in all groups studiedand neither the instrumentation technique nor the irrigating solution was able to promote total smear layer removal from root canal walls. KEYWORDS: Peracetic acid; Root canal irrigants; Scanning electron microscopy; Sodium hypochlorite.
1st Brazilian Workshop of Bone Biology
Authors: Gonçalves Sergio Eduardo de Paiva
Published: May 2015

Proceedings of the 1st Brazilian Workshop of Bone Biology
Innovative Strategies in the Public Administration: Report of the Experience at the School of Dentistry (Institute of Science and Technology) - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Fillho” – UNESP, Campus of São José dos Campos
Authors: Rodrigues José Roberto , Tajra Sanmya Feitosa , Bellini Angela de Brito
Published: May 2015

O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o processo de mudança organizacional que está em fase de implantação na instituição pública do ensino superior, Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos – UNESP,Campus de São José dos Campos.  Para promover esta mudançafoi desenvolvido o Planejamento Estratégico, inicialmente utilizando-se o modelo tradicional desta ferramenta. Posteriormenteas estratégias foram alinhadas às perspectivas de um Balanced Scorecard adaptado às necessidades dos objetivos estratégicos desta organização pública (sucesso do aluno no mercado, aprendizado e crescimento, infraestrutura de trabalho e governança institucional).  Para promover a revisão estratégica e a criação de estratégias de inovação foi utilizada a metodologia da Matriz das Quatro Ações, visando identificar valores a agregar à instituição por meio do diagnóstico previsto nesta ferramenta, que facilita o levantamento dos fatores a serem elevados, eliminados, reduzidos e criados.  Todo esse processo foi estabelecido conjuntamente com o desenvolvimento das lideranças de cada setor da instituição, por meio de treinamentos, sessões coaching individual e coletivo e mapeamento dos processos críticos das áreas estratégicas desta IES (Instituição de Ensino Superior).
Techniques for preparing of guide planes: in vitro comparative study
Authors: Uemura Eduardo Shigueyuki , Silva João Maurício , Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto , Yamamoto Eron Toshio Colauto
Published: May 2015

The correct parallelism of guiding planes when constructing a Removable Partial Denture not only defines the axis of insertion and removal of the prosthesis, but also limits the possible axes of movement during functioning. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to compare some techniques and the use of an intra-oral device for those preparations. Dummies were performed in a direct manner, simulating the absence of teeth 15, 45, 12 and 42. The four preparation techniques chosen were: Group 1 – freehand preparation; group 2 - guide pins; Group 3 - crown guides and Group 4 - parallel intraoral device – ParalAB. No statistical difference was shown between the mean values of angles found for the freehand (82.85°) and guide pin (83.60°) groups. Also, no statistical significant difference was observed between the mean values of angles found for the resin cap (of 88.83) and intraoral device (88.58 º) groups; however they were superior to the findings for the freehand and guide pin groups. The studied methods are effective for what they were proposed; however, one should select the method according to the experience and skills, to promote the best results.
Factors influencing patients’ satisfaction with complete dentures: a qualitative study.
Authors: Silva Jessica de Cassia Motta , Dos Santos Jarbas Francisco Fernandes , Marchini Leonardo
Published: May 2015

Objective: The treatment most used worldwide for edentulism is conventional complete dentures, and the most important factor for the success of denture treatment seems to be patient satisfaction. The present study aims to use a qualitative approach to investigate factors that were previously associated with patient satisfaction with dentures by quantitative techniques (correlational studies). Material and methods: Twenty patients (12 women and 8 men, age 59-87) participated in open and semi-structured interviews, both pre- and post-treatment. All the interviews were recorded, listened to, and transcribed verbatim, after which the content was analyzed thematically. Results: For most respondents, tooth loss represented, first of all, difficulty chewing and eating. Some patients have not accepted the loss of their teeth and felt sadness and shame. Other patients have adapted to their dentures, through acceptance. Regarding expectations, patients expressed very high expectations, especially for the stability and adjustment of dentures, and also for a better appearance. The majority of respondents showed great satisfaction with treatment outcomes; their expectations were met, and the dentures did provide functional benefits. Patients also believed that a trusting relationship between the dentist and the patient plays a fundamental role in treatment outcomes, and they reported that currently dentists are more open to dialogue with their patients. Conclusion: Confidence between the dentist and the patient plays a fundamental role in their evaluation of the treatment outcomes.
The finite element methods on oral rehabilitation: New trend for endodontically treated teeth
Authors: Oliveira Juliana Santos , Gomes Érica Alves , Chaves Carolina de Andrade Lima , Silva Sousa Yara T. Côrrea
Published: May 2015

The aim of this study is to present the applicability of Finite element analysis (FEA) in oral rehabilitation, especially in endodontically treated teeth, based on its indication, methods, advantages and limitations through a literature review. The search was conducted on National Library of Medicine’s Pub Med, Google search and Science Direct databases including the keywords “finite element analysis”, “oral rehabilitation” and “endodontics”. A total of 412 articles were found, 42 were carefully selected by two subject matter experts for discussion including 21 articles focusing on the applicability of FEA to endodontically treated teeth. The FEA is a versatile, low-cost and efficient approach for reliable evaluation of complex structures, as oral rehabilitation treatments.  Keywords: Endodontics; Finite element analysis; Oral rehabilitation.
Dental Treatment for the Pregnant Patient
Authors: Fagoni Thalita Guarda , Vasconcelos Rafaela Andrade de , Cardoso Paula Elaine , Gomes Ana Paula Martins , Camargo Carlos Henrique Ribeiro , Gonçalves Simone Helena Ferreira
Published: May 2015

Dental treatment of pregnant women should be accomplished with safety. Consequently, the dental professional should evaluate its real need and risks for the mother and the baby. This paper reports, through a literature review, the caution with the clinical dental procedures commonly performed and possible risks of the therapeutic agents used, allowing the dentist to evaluate the treatment and the drug to be administered to the pregnant women.
Culture and molecular analysis of Enterococcus faecalis and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates from patients with failure endodontic treatment
Authors: Endo Marcos Sergio , Signoretti Fernanda Graziela Corrêa , Kitayama Vivian Sayuri , Marinho Ariane Cássia Salustiano , Martinho Frederico Canato , Gomes Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida
Published: May 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of different antibiotic agents against to the most prevalent microorganism found in root-filled canals by culture and molecular approaches. Material and Methods: The microbial samples were taken either from thirty root-filled canals after removal of gutta-percha. Culture methods and 16s rDNA assay were used to identify the E faecails present in the samples. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates of E faecalis were determined by MIC values using the E test System and interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The following antibiotics were used: benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, erythromycin, azithromycin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, rifampicin and moxifloxacin. Results: E faecalis were isolated (7/30) and detected (13/30) by culture and PCR assay, respectively. All tested E faecalis (n=12) were highly sensitive to amoxicillin, moxifloxacin, vancomycin, benzylpenicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Some antibiotics were resistant against E faecalis strains such as rifampicin (4/12), tetracycline (2/12), doxycycline (1/12), erythromycin (3/12) and azythromycin (8/12). Conclusion: Amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, benzylpenicillin, vancomycin and moxifloxacin were the most active antibiotics, in vitro, against E faecalis clinical strains, with all the isolates being susceptible. Azithromycin and erythromycin were least effective, with none percentage of isolates being susceptible, during laboratory testing. Moreover, E faecalis were identified more frequently by PCR assay than by culture technique.Keywords: Retreatment; Antibiotics, antimicrobial susceptibility; Enterococcus faecalis; Antibiotic resistance.
Influence of abutment material on peri-implant clinical parameters: a prospective study
Authors: Zanardo Fabiano Cortez , Della Pasqua Neto José , Madeira Luiz Henrique Alves , Shibli Jamil Awad , Barbosa Keize Távora , Rodrigues José Augusto , Cassoni Alessandra
Published: May 2015

Objective: This study evaluated the peri-implant clinical parameters of zirconia versus metallic abutments for standardized custom-made implantsupported single-tooth restorations. Material and Methods: Sixteen subjects received 30 dental implants on esthetic region of upper jaws. Test group had 14 implant-supported single-tooth restorations with ceramic abutment and control group had 16 restorations with metallic abutment. Peri-implant clinical parameters were recorded after 110 ± 10 days in function at six sites by each implant, in each subject. The means of clinical measures: probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL); mean of percentages of sites with visible plaque (VP), bleeding on probing (BOP) and suppuration (SU) were recorded to each subject. To verify differences between groups Mann Whitney U-test was selected PD and CAL and k-light test VP, BOP and SU. Results: One zirconia implant-supported single-tooth restoration fractured at insertion time. The mean of PD, CAL, and BOP of the samples sites were lower to test group than control (p < 0.05). There were no differences of mean levels of VP and S between test and control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Clinical parameters around implant-supported restorations were influenced by abutment type with better results to zirconia abutments, at least, after short time period evaluation.
Evaluation of the Location of Mandibular Foramen as an Anatomic Landmark Using CBCT Images: A Pioneering Study in an Iranian Population
Authors: Shokri Abbas , Falah-Kooshki Sepideh , Poorolajal Jalal , Karimi Atena , Ostovarrad Farzaneh
Published: May 2015

Objective: Mandibular foramen (MF) is located on the internal surface of the ramus through which blood vessels and nerves pass. Determination of the anatomic position of the MF is very important in inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia (IANBA), ramus osteotomy and surgical procedures of the posterior angle of mandibular ramus. The aim of this study was to determine anatomic position of the MF using anatomic landmarks on the three dimensional CBCT images. Material and Methods: A total of 103 CBCT images was evaluated. The NNT Viewer software program was used to measure the distances between the lines tangent on the MF periphery and the anterior border of the ramus, the posterior border of the ramus, the inferior border of the mandible, and the coronoid notch in mm by to age and gender. Results: The results showed a slight difference in anatomic dimensions between the right and left sides, with no significant differences. The anatomic dimensions of the MF on both sides were a little bigger in males than in females. There were no significant differences in the anatomic dimensions of superior-inferior and anterior-posterior dimensions of the left and right sides in different age groups. Conclusion: No significant changes occur in the position of the MF with age. The anatomic differences between males and females should be taken into account during IANBA procedures. Males have bigger jaws than females; therefore, there is a longer distance between the MF and the anatomic landmarks evaluated. Keywords: Mandibular Foramen; Anatomic Landmarks; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Teachers' views about barriers in implement oral health education for school children: a qualitative study
Authors: Kubo Fabíola Mayumi Miyauchi , Paula Janice Simpson de , Mialhe Fábio Luiz
Published: May 2015

Objective: To explore the barriers encountered by primary school teachers, to implementing oral health education in their settings. Material and methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was answered by a sample of 89 primary schoolteachers aged 18 to 65 years working in primary public schools in Indaiatuba, SP, Brazil. The data were quantitatively  analyzed by means of the Discourse of the Collective Subject (DCS), which is based on a theoretical framework of Social Representations Theory. Results: The majority of teachers said they were teaching their students some oral health content. However, they reported difficulties in teaching oral health content in school, such as: the lack of material and/or appropriate activities to teach the subject of oral health properly; children do not receive oral health education at home and/or it is not encouraged by their families; students do not place any value on oral health and/or do not follow guidance provided. Teachers also expressed the need for partnerships with dental schools to help them implement oral health projects in primary schools. Conclusions: The results emphasize the need for health and educational sectors support primary school teachers in the implementation and maintenance of oral health education programs in schools.
Distance learning in dental radiology: Immediate impact of the implementation
Authors: Cruz Adriana Dibo , Costa Jefferson Jesus , Almeida Solange Maria
Published: May 2015

Objective: This study assessed the immediate impact in terms of learning of the dento-maxillomandibular radiographic anatomy in intraoral periapical radiographs after entire replacement of the method of classroom learning by the distance learning using the Moodle platform. Material and Methods: The teaching of this subject by traditional educational setting in classroom was made until the first semester of 2011, “A class” (AC), using radiographic slabs from duplicated films. In the second semester of 2011, “B class” (BC), these radiographic slabs were digitalized, creating the Moodle e-course about dento-maxillomandibular anatomy in intraoral radiographs for distance learning. The impact was assessed by comparison of scores of students from two distinct classes, AC (N=60) and BC (N=62), after application of a similar test with all content of the topic of dento-maxillomandibular anatomy, using T-Student unpaired test (?=0.05). A voluntary and unidentified questionnaire with 12 questions, developed in Google Docs spreadsheets, was used to evaluate the acceptance of students for this e-course. Results: No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed in scores of the students from two classes. Among other questions, all students of BC who completed the questionnaire had interest in content of the available material in e-course, and their satisfaction level on a scale from 0 to 10 had a mean of 8.47 (SD=1.69). Conclusion: The method of distance learning of this subject using the Moodle platform can be utilized with same educational results as of those obtained from a traditional educational setting.
Lebanese in Motion
Authors: Peleikis Anja
Published: May 2015

Globalisation and transnational migration have altered people's understanding of as well as their relationship to their »dwelling places« and »places of origin«. Taking the empirical case of the South Lebanese Shi'ite village of Zrariye and its migrant population in Abidjan/Côte d'Ivoire, the book shows how »place«, which has become a vital political, economic and social resource, continues to be of tremendous significance in the age of mobility and change. »Lebanese in Motion« explores how villagers »at home« and »abroad« are involved in producing a »translocal village-in-the-making«, which emanates as a social field through their practices and narratives. Travel and the means of communication make it possible to keep in constant touch and thus renegotiate kinship, generational and gender relationships beyond local, regional and nation-state boundaries. Particularly interested in understanding how female identities are redefined, the study delineates how gender and place are mutually constituted in the translocal village under study.
Vertrauen
Authors: Endreß Martin
Published: May 2015

Das Phänomen Vertrauen ist in der Soziologie in jüngster Zeit zu erheblicher Prominenz gelangt. Im Anschluss an einige Aspekte zum Thema bei den Klassikern konzentrieren sich aktuelle Untersuchungen insbesondere auf die Analyse von Bedingungen der »Funktionsfähigkeit« moderner Gesellschaften, auf Probleme der Ausbildung von Institutionenvertrauen oder auf das Risiko einseitiger Vorleistungen unter den Bedingungen rationalen Handelns. Der Band erinnert zunächst knapp an einige klassische Analysen. Sein Schwerpunkt liegt auf der kritischen Diskussion aktueller theoretischer und empirischer Beiträge, die in eine systematische Positionsbestimmung zum Vertrauensphänomen überleitet.
Politics and Cultures of Islamization in Southeast Asia
Authors: Stauth Georg
Published: May 2015

This book is about cultural and political figures, institutions and ideas in a period of transition in two Muslim countries in Southeast Asia, Malaysia and Indonesia. It also addresses some of the permutations of civilizing processes in Singapore and the city-state's image, moving across its borders into the region and representing a miracle of modernity beyond »ideas«. The central theme is the way in which Islam was re-constructed as an intellectual and socio-political tradition in Southeast Asia in the nineteen-nineties. Scholars who approach Islam both as a textual and local tradition, students who take the heartlands of Islam as imaginative landscapes for cultural transformation and politicians and institutions which have been concerned with transmitting the idea of »Islamization« are the subjects of this inquiry into different patterns of modernity in a tropical region still bearing the signature of a colonial past.
Die Diktatur der Angepassten
Authors: Behrens Roger
Published: May 2015

Hinter der bunten und fröhlichen Fassade der spätkapitalistischen Popkultur herrscht eine »Diktatur der Angepassten«. In diesem Essayband räumt Roger Behrens mit der Vorstellung auf, dass »Pop« eine subversive oder dissidente Strategie sei, und zeichnet stattdessen mit einer kritischen Theorie der Popkultur das Bild einer stillstehenden und langweiligen Kultur des Konformismus.
Handhabung und Lagerung von mobilem Kulturgut
Authors: Huber Joachim , Lerber Karin von
Published: May 2015

Grundlegende Fragen, die sich bei der Einrichtung und beim Betrieb eines Depots oder Magazins für Kulturgüter stellen, stehen im Zentrum des übersichtlich gegliederten Handbuchs. Teil 1 behandelt Standortwahl, Klima, Licht, Schädlingsproblematik, Lagertechnik, Hilfsmittel und verwendete Materialien. Teil 2 ist gegliedert in allgemeine Kapitel zu Handhabung, Beschriftung, Lagerung, Transport und Unterhaltsreinigung von Objekten sowie zu Arbeits- und Kulturgüterschutz. Teil 3 gibt detaillierte Hinweise zum Umgang mit einzelnen Objektgruppen. Ein Anhang bietet weiterführende Internet- und Literaturverzeichnisse sowie ein detailliertes Stichwortverzeichnis.
Electronic Government - vom User zum Bürger
Authors: Engemann Christoph
Published: May 2015

Das Internet steht nach seiner kurzen Entwicklung an einer entscheidenden Schwelle: der Lösung des Anonymitätsproblems im Netz. Christoph Engemann analysiert, warum die Nutzung der Potenziale, die sich mit E-Business und E-Government verbinden, vor einem gemeinsamen Problem steht: der rechtsgültigen Authentifizierung der User. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Lösung dieses Problems schon seit Jahren den Mittelpunkt der Anstrengungen wirtschaftlicher und politischer Akteure wie Microsoft und der Liberty Alliance und nicht zuletzt der Regierungen selbst bildet. Mit vertiefter wechselseitiger Vernetzung stehen hier Wandel der Verhältnisse zwischen Staat und Gesellschaft, zwischen Bürokratie und Subjektivität an, die in dieser hochaktuellen Studie in einer Engführung marxscher Werttheorie und foucaultscher Machtanalyse kritisch beleuchtet werden.
Computerpoesie
Authors: Reither Saskia
Published: May 2015

Die Konzeption und Realisierung von Computerpoesie basiert auf der Grundlage der besonderen Eigenschaften und Bedingungen des Computers. Es handelt sich um hybride, multimediale und interaktive Texte zwischen Schrift, Bild und Ton, die weder auf Papier ausgedruckt noch ohne den Computer bzw. ein anderes elektronisches Dispositiv (Holographie, Monitor, Virtual-Reality-System) rezipiert werden können. Die Studie geht dem medienhistorischen Ursprung der elektronischen Poesie nach und beobachtet auf dieser Grundlage, dass ein Wechsel vom Papier zum Computer fundamentale Veränderungen für den ästhetischen Umgang mit Sprache und Schrift bedeutet: Buchstaben fangen an, sich zu bewegen und fordern damit die poetische Produktion und Wahrnehmung heraus.
Sterben (bio-ethisch)
Authors: Weingarten Michael
Published: May 2015

Sterben wird in der engagiert geführten Bio-Ethik-Diskussion begrifflich nicht unterschieden vom Tod; ausschlaggebend hierfür ist die Subsumtion des Sterbens unter den Begriff der Krankheit seit dem 19. Jahrhundert. Sterben kann so nicht mehr als selbstbestimmter Vollzug individuellen Lebens auf sein Ende hin verstanden werden, sondern erscheint als Widerfahrnis, dem der Betroffene passiv ausgeliefert ist. Dagegen zeigt Weingarten, dass Sterben infolge einer Krankheit und Sterben am Ende eines Lebens etwas radikal Verschiedenes meint. Nur so kann auch der Sterbende noch als »Täter seines Tuns« und Sterben als bestimmter Modus seines Lebensvollzugs begriffen werden. Der Autor öffnet mit diesem grundsätzlichen Einwand die Diskussion wieder und macht sie damit nicht nur für Spezialisten zugänglich.
Demokratische Technikbewertung
Authors: Abels Gabriele , Bora Alfons
Published: May 2015

Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung ist ein zentrales Thema in der demokratisch verfassten Gesellschaft, insbesondere wenn es um zukunftsweisende Entscheidungen geht wie etwa beim Einsatz neuer Technologien. In der Technikbewertung sind in den vergangenen Jahren verschiedene Verfahren der Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung entwickelt und erprobt worden. An sie werden nicht nur seitens der Politik hohe Erwartungen hinsichtlich ihrer problemlösenden und sozialintegrativen Funktion gestellt. In dem vorliegenden Band sind diese Verfahren erstmals Gegenstand einer einführenden Übersichtsdarstellung. Dabei wird die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Verfahren aus demokratietheoretischer Perspektive untersucht. Ferner werden die Möglichkeiten ihrer Anbindung an die politisch-rechtlichen Institutionen der repräsentativen Demokratie diskutiert. Damit spricht der Band alle diejenigen an, die sich in theoretischer und praktischer Hinsicht für das komplexe Verhältnis von Technik, Demokratie und Öffentlichkeit interessieren.
Medium Ausstellung
Authors: Scholze Jana
Published: May 2015

Museale Präsentationen sind Medien aktueller Auseinandersetzungen. Das Spezifische dieses Mediums sind räumliche Darstellungen mit Hilfe von Objekten und Präsentationsmaterialien, die auf etwas Vergangenes oder Fremdes verweisen, an solches erinnern oder es vermitteln sollen. Die Bindung an konkrete Orte und Zeiten setzt Museen und Ausstellungen aber immer schon in Distanz zu den Objekten, die sie zeigen, und zu den Inhalten, die sie vermitteln. Wie Ausstellungsraum und intentionale Raumerfahrung auf die Wahrnehmung und Erfahrung von Besuchern wirken, ist Gegenstand der Untersuchung musealer Präsentationsformen in Oxford, Amsterdam, Leipzig und Berlin. Durch die fruchtbare Verbindung von Theorie und Deskription bereichert der Text nicht nur die theoretische Debatte zum Thema, sondern präsentiert zugleich anschauliches Material zu wegweisenden Ausstellungskonzepten - Typologie, Chronologie, Inszenierung und Komposition - im internationalen Rahmen.
Ödipus
Authors: Ahrens Jörn
Published: May 2015

Der Essay von Jörn Ahrens befreit König Ödipus aus den Schablonen seiner psychoanalytischen Deutung und liest das Drama als einen modernen Text über die Möglichkeit von Subjektivität und Gesellschaftsbildung. Im Rückgang auf mythische Bilder, die vom Ursprung des Sozialen erzählen, nähert er sich dem symbolischen Aspekt von Gesellschaft und liefert auf dieser Grundlage eine spannende Reflexion über das Verhältnis von Souveränität, Schuld und Autonomie. Ebenso originell wie unzeitgemäß bestimmt er den Schicksalsbegriff für die Gesellschaftstheorie neu und stellt damit der anhaltenden Diskussion um »Kontingenz« ein mögliches Korrektiv bereit.
Linguistische Anthropologie
Authors: Holzer Jacqueline
Published: May 2015

Was haben die Umsiedlungspolitik der US-Regierung im 19. Jahrhundert, die Evolutionstheorien Charles Darwins, Herbert Spencers und Henry L. Morgans, der in die Vereinigten Staaten emigrierte deutsch-jüdische Physiker Franz Boas, die American Indians, der ehemalige Major John W. Powell, der Arzt Daniel G. Brinton und die American Indian languages miteinander gemein? Sie sind die Aktanten im Konstruktionsprozess der linguistischen Anthropologie als wissenschaftliche Disziplin. Diese spannende Studie zeigt auf, weshalb sich Wissenschaftler überhaupt mit den Sprachen der Native Americans zu beschäftigen begannen und zeichnet die für die Herausbildung der linguistischen Anthropologie notwendigen Vernetzungen nach.
Diaspora
Authors: Mayer Ruth
Published: May 2015

Seit geraumer Zeit lässt sich eine Neuorientierung in den kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Debatten um Migration, Kulturkontakt, Imperialismus und Globalisierung feststellen, in denen der Begriff der Diaspora eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Die diasporische Situation - das (Über-)Leben als ethnische oder kulturelle Gemeinschaft in der Fremde - erweist sich als Paradigma der globalisierten Welt. Der Begriff der Diaspora gestattet, sich globalen Phänomenen in Gesellschaft, Kultur und Literatur zuzuwenden, die sich einer nationalstaatlichen Zuordnung entziehen, obwohl sie durch das Vokabular und die Denkmodelle, die für die Beschreibung des Nationalstaats entwickelt wurden, mitgeprägt sind. Die Diaspora situiert sich im Spannungsfeld zwischen kosmopolitischer Losgelöstheit und einem radikalen Nationalismus, der sich nicht länger territorial definiert. In diesem Band soll der Begriff in seinen unterschiedlichen Dimensionen und in seiner Bedeutung für die aktuelle kultur- und sozialwissenschaftliche Debatte vorgestellt und diskutiert werden.
Konturen der Modernität
Authors: Fuchs Peter
Published: May 2015

Konturen der Moderne - Die in diesem zweiten Band versammelten Essays formieren eine vielleicht überraschende Auflistung: Zwischen dem Narrentum des Mittelalters und heutiger Organisationsberatung, romantischer Liebe und moderner Lyrik, Jauner und Vaganten, wird ein gewaltiges Forschungsprogramm sichtbar. Peter Fuchs bewegt sich in den hier neu angeordneten Essays und Vorträgen mit systemtheoretischer Schärfe durch unterschiedlichste Bereiche der Moderne, wobei erneut die Reichweite und Beweglichkeit des systemtheoretischen Inventars vorgeführt wird.
Über den Körper im Bilde sein
Authors: Buschhaus Markus
Published: May 2015

Dem Bildwissen gehört die Zukunft. So zumindest lautet eine inzwischen einschlägige Prognose hinsichtlich der Funktion von Bildern für die Produktion und Organisation von Wissen. Gerade die Anatomie aber wirft die Frage auf, ob Wissen nicht auch in der Vergangenheit bildhafter funktioniert haben könnte, als dies bislang angenommen wurde. So wird entlang der Themen Zeichnung, Photographie, Röntgentechnik, Computertomographie und Visible Human Project untersucht, inwiefern die Anatomie schon seit der Frühen Neuzeit nur deshalb über den Körper im Bilde sein kann, weil sie ihre Wissensformation ganz wesentlich einer Logik der Bildmedien verschreibt.