bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of energy and economic growth towards sustainable environment through carbon emissions mitigation
Authors: Gyimah Justice , Hayford Isaac Sam , Nwigwe Ujunwa Angela , Opoku Erica Odwira
Published: March 2023

Promoting environmental sustainability to secure and protect the ecosystem has been a major concern to many nations and nongovernmental organizations. Energy is considered one of the main contributors to carbon emissions which destroys the quality of the environment. Therefore, the study uses Two-stage least squares to examine the effect of energy (renewable and fossil energy) and economic growth on carbon emissions in Ghana. To ensure the quality of our result, Robustness Least Square and Generalized Method of Moments are employed as a robustness check. The data for the study is from 1990 to 2018. The result of the study indicates that renewable energy and fossil fuel cause carbon emissions in Ghana within the years under review. Economic growth has no relevant effect on carbon emissions. To promote environmental sustainability in Ghana, measures should be put in place to encourage the use of cleaner energy. The government should establish cooperation with countries with high renewable technologies to benefit from their innovations to improve on their renewable energy consumption.
Endogenous salicylic acid suppresses de novo root regeneration from leaf explants
Authors: Tran Sorrel , Ison Madalene , Ferreira Dias Nathália Cássia , Ortega Maria Andrea , Chen Yun-Fan Stephanie , Peper Alan , Hu Lanxi , Xu Dawei , Mozaffari Khadijeh , Severns Paul M. , Yao Yao , Tsai Chung-Jui , Teixeira Paulo José Pereira Lima , Yang Li
Published: March 2023

Plants can regenerate new organs from damaged or detached tissues. In the process ofde novoroot regeneration (DNRR), adventitious roots are frequently formed from the wound site on a detached leaf. Salicylic acid (SA) is a key phytohormone regulating plant defenses and stress responses. The role of SA and its acting mechanisms duringde novoorganogenesis is still unclear. Here, we found that endogenous SA inhibited the adventitious root formation after cutting. Free SA rapidly accumulated at the wound site, which was accompanied by an activation of SA response. SA receptors NPR3 and NPR4, but not NPR1, were required for DNRR. Wounding-elevated SA compromised the expression of AUX1, and subsequent transport of auxin to the wound site. A mutation in AUX1 abolished the enhanced DNRR in low SA mutants. Our work elucidates a role of SA in regulating DNRR and suggests a potential link between biotic stress and tissue regeneration.
“Well” off in animals: A taphonomic history of faunal resources and refuse from a well feature at Petsas House, Mycenae (Greece)
Authors: Meier Jacqueline S. , Price Gypsy C. , Shelton Kim
Published: March 2023

At the renowned archaeological site of Mycenae, striking depictions of animals in ancient art and architecture, such as the ‘Lion Gate’, reflect the great power of elite residents in the Late Bronze Age. To better understand how social complexity relates to human-animal interactions at Mycenae, more research is needed on the animals who actually lived there. In a first for the archaeological site of Mycenae, we utilized a contextual taphonomic approach and statistical analysis to study a faunal assemblage, focusing on a massive deposit recovered from a well feature located in Room Π of Petsas House. Petsas House was an industrial-residential complex at Mycenae used at least in part by ceramic artisans at the time of its destruction in the Late Helladic IIIA2 period. Intra-contextual analysis of the animal remains detected sub-assemblages with variable histories of animal use and deposition. The results revealed multiple disposal events and possible dog interments. Most of the refuse in the well likely originated from rubbish piles in the surrounding rooms and periphery that were cleaned after a destructive earthquake. Together, the faunal evidence yielded a more nuanced, possibly seasonal picture of animal access than previously available at this important political center. The results provide new insights into the diverse and resilient resource provisioning strategies available to extra-palatial residents of Mycenae, especially those who participated in craft production and trade networks at the height of the palatial period.
Evaluating task shifting to the clinical technologist in Dutch healthcare: A mixed methods study
Authors: de Haan Maarten , van Eijk-Hustings Yvonne , Bessems-Beks Monique , De Bruijn-Geraets Daisy , Dirksen Carmen , Vrijhoef Hubertus
Published: March 2023

Background

Expected rise in the demand for healthcare and a dropping supply of healthcare professionals, has generated an increased interest in the most effective deployment of healthcare professionals. Consequently, task shifting has become a common strategy to redistribute tasks between established professional groups, however, little is known about the effects of shifting tasks to emerging professional groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate a legal amendment to facilitate task shifting to an emerging profession in Dutch healthcare: Clinical Technologists (CTs). CTs were introduced and provided an Extended Scope of Practice (ESP) to perform nine ‘reserved procedures’ independently.

Methods

A concurrent multi-phase mixed methods study was used to evaluate whether a legal amendment to facilitate task shifting to CTs was effective and efficient.

Results

The results show that CTs use their ESP frequently to perform five categories of reserved procedures independently and suggest that the ESP increased the efficiency of care delivery for those procedures. Additionally, the findings highlight that task shifting was influenced by the setting in which CTs worked, time allotted to patient-contact as well as external factors (e.g., financing).

Conclusions

This study provides tentative lessons for policymakers on how task shifting to emerging professional groups can be improved. Providing a legal amendment to facilitate task shifting to CTs seems to be effective and efficient. However, it also poses multiple challenges. While established professional groups can face similar challenges, it is likely that these are exacerbated for emerging professional groups, particularly when shifting tasks occurs horizontally.
Predicting the stalking of celebrities from measures of persistent pursuit and threat directed toward celebrities, sensation seeking and celebrity worship
Authors: Wong Maria M. , McCutcheon Lynn E. , Rodefer Joshua S. , Carter Kenneth
Published: March 2023

The stalking of celebrities is a serious issue for thousands of celebrities worldwide who are occasionally confronted by fans who merit the label “fanatic.” We administered measures of obnoxious celebrity stalking, celebrity worship, persistent pursuit of celebrities, threat directed toward celebrities, boredom susceptibility, disinhibition, experience seeking, thrill and adventure seeking, relationship styles, and anger to 596 college students from the U.S.A. We developed a model consisting of all but the latter five measures that successfully predicted actual obnoxious stalking behaviors of celebrities. Our results partially replicate earlier research and presents some new findings. Individuals who have personal thoughts about their favorite celebrity frequently, feel compelled to learn more about them, pursue them consistently, threatened to harm them and were prone to boredom were more likely to engage in celebrity stalking. Controlling for these predictors, individuals who admire their favorite celebrity almost exclusively because of their ability to entertain were less likely to engage in celebrity stalking.
Proposal for a shared definition of « primary healthcare » by health professionals: A national cross-sectional survey
Authors: Prade Michel , Rousseau Anne , Saint-Lary Olivier , Baumann Sophie , Devillers Louise , Courtin Arnaud , Gautier Sylvain
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Forty years passed between the two most important definitions of primary health care from Alma Alta Conference in 1978 to WHO’s definition in 2018. Since then, reforms of healthcare systems, changes in ambulatory sector and COVID 19, have created a need for reinterpretations and redefinition of primary healthcare. The primary objective of the study was to precise the definitions and the representations of primary healthcare by healthcare professionals.

Methods

We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study using a web-based anonymized questionnaire including opened-ended and closed-ended questions but also “real-life” case-vignettes to assess participant’s perception of primary healthcare, from September to December 2020. Five case-vignette, describing situations involving a specific primary health care professional in a particular place for a determined task were selected, before the study, by test/retest method.

Results

A total of 585 healthcare practitioners were included in the study, 29% were general practitioners and 32% were midwives. Amongst proposed healthcare professions, general practitioners (97.6%), nurses (85.3%), midwives (85.2%) and pharmacists (79.3%) were those most associated with primary healthcare. The functions most associated with primary healthcare, with over 90% of approval were “prevention, screening”, “education to good health”, “orientation in health system”. Two case-vignettes strongly emerged as describing a situation of primary healthcare: Midwife/Hospital/Pregnancy (74%) and Pharmacist/Pharmacy/Flu shot (90%). The profession and the modality of practice of the responders lead to diverging answers regarding their primary healthcare representations.

Conclusions

Primary healthcare is an ever-evolving part of the healthcare system, as is its definition. This study explored the perception of primary healthcare by French healthcare practitioners in two complementary ways: oriented way for the important functions and more practical way with the case-vignettes. Understanding their differences of representation, according to their profession and practice offered the authors a first step to a shared and operational version of the primary healthcare definition.
Psychiatric symptomatology in skin-restricted lupus patients without axis I psychiatric disorders: A post-hoc analysis
Authors: Rondepierre Fabien , Tauveron-Jalenques Urbain , Valette Solène , Mulliez Aurélien , D’Incan Michel , Lauron Sophie , Jalenques Isabelle
Published: March 2023

Background

Skin-restricted lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with high rates of depression and anxiety disorders. Patients without psychiatric disorders can experience anxiety and depressive symptoms at a subclinical level, which could be risk factors for progression towards psychiatric disorders. It was decided, therefore, to investigate the presence of specific symptoms in skin-restricted lupus patients without axis I psychiatric disorders and their impact on the occurrence of axis I psychiatric disorders during the study follow-up.

Methods

Longitudinal data of 38 patients and 76 matched controls without active axis I psychiatric disorders from the LuPsy cohort were used. Depressive, neurovegetative, psychic and somatic anxiety symptom scores were established from the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale (HAMA).

Results

None of the participants had any current active axis I psychiatric disorders but the patients had personality disorders more frequently and had received more past psychotropic treatments than the controls. They also had higher MADRS and HAMA scores than the controls, in particular neurovegetative, psychic anxiety and somatic symptoms scores. No dermatological factor tested was associated with these scores, whereas being a lupus patient was associated with higher neurovegetative and somatic symptoms scores, having a current personality disorder with higher depressive and neurovegetative scores and receiving more past psychotropic treatments with psychic anxiety and somatic symptoms scores. The occurrence of psychiatric disorders during the study follow-up was associated with an elevated psychic anxiety score at baseline and past psychotropic treatment but not with history of psychiatric disorder.

Limitations

The LuPsy cohort included a large number of patients with axis I psychiatric disorders, the sample without axis I psychiatric disorders is therefore limited.

Conclusions

We observed numerous psychiatric symptoms among the skin-restricted lupus patients. They should therefore receive special attention in the management of their subclinical symptoms before they progress towards full psychiatric disorders.
Participating in a parenting intervention in prison, perceptions from incarcerated fathers and mothers—A convergent mixed-methods study
Authors: Norman Åsa , Enebrink Pia
Published: March 2023

Background

Children of incarcerated parents run a high risk of ill-health and future delinquency, whereas positive parenting can support children’s healthy development. The For Our Children’s Sake (FOCS) parenting intervention for parents in prison was evaluated as a controlled trial during 2019–2021 within The Swedish Prison and Probation Service (SPPS). This study reports on the process evaluation and aimed to describe how parents perceived their participation and aspects that influenced implementation of the FOCS intervention.

Methods

This convergent mixed-methods study (QUAL + quan) included qualitative interview data after participation in the FOCS intervention group (12 parents), and quantitative questionnaire data from intervention and control groups (46 parents). Qualitative data were analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis and quantitative data using descriptive and non-parametric statistics.

Results

An integrated synthesis of the qualitative and quantitative results showed three joint concepts that provided an extended understanding ofthe importance of a child and parent focused intervention available to parents in prison, where FOCS was perceived as the only place where inmates could openly reflect, and express sensitive feelings and thoughts related to the children and being a parent. Also, that the SPPS as an organisation entailspartly unsupportive organisational norms with irregular individual staff engagement, which made FOCS invisible in prisons, andthe importance of engagement and motivation from all participants and group leaders in the groupwas essential for a successful FOCS group.

Conclusion

This study showed that availability of a child and parent focused intervention in prison is perceived as very important, and at the same time dependent on a trustful relationship in the group to be rewarding to the participants, where organisational norms within the SPSS need amendments for successful implementation of FOCS. These findings can guide further implementation of similar interventions in prison.
Stroke: An electromyographic approach to the masseter and temporal muscles, orofacial soft tissue pressure, and occlusal force
Authors: Lopes Robson Felipe Tosta , Palinkas Marcelo , Pádua da Silva Gabriel , Verri Edson Donizetti , Regalo Isabela Hallak , Gonçalves Camila Rosa , Hallak Jaime Eduardo Cecilio , Costa Gomes Guilherme Gallo , Regalo Simone Cecílio Hallak , Siéssere Selma
Published: March 2023

Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that triggers changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and can compromise human body function. This cross-sectional observational study aimed to analyze the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and temporal muscles, orofacial soft tissue pressure, and strength of occlusal contacts in patients who had suffered a stroke. Twenty-four patients were divided into two groups: stroke (n = 12) and control (n = 12). The EMG of the masseter and temporal muscles was evaluated during mandibular rest, protrusion, right laterality, left laterality, and maximal voluntary contraction. The Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument (IOPI) was used to measure pressure from the tongue, lips, and buccinator muscles. A computerized system for occlusal analysis (T-Scan III) was used to measure the occlusal contact points of the right and left hemiarches (upper and lower) and the upper and lower first molars. Data were subjected to Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). The stroke group had lower normalized electromyographic activity, with a significant difference in the left temporal muscle during rest (p = 0.03) when compared to the control group. There was a significant difference between the groups in tongue pressure (p = 0.004) with a lower mean value in the stroke group. There was a significant difference between the groups in the evaluation of the occlusal contact points of the first permanent molars, with a lower mean percentage in the stroke group. The results indicate that stroke negatively affects functional performance of the stomatognathic system.
Predicting the development of T1D and identifying its Key Performance Indicators in children; a case-control study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alazwari Ahood , Johnstone Alice , Tafakori Laleh , Abdollahian Mali , AlEidan Ahmed M. , Alfuhigi Khalid , Alghofialy Mazen M. , Albunyan Abdulhameed A. , Al Abbad Hawra , AlEssa Maryam H. , Alareefy Abdulaziz K. H. , Alshamrani Mohammad A.
Published: March 2023

The increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children is a growing global concern. It is known that genetic and environmental factors contribute to childhood T1D. An optimal model to predict the development of T1D in children using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) would aid medical practitioners in developing intervention plans. This paper for the first time has built a model to predict the risk of developing T1D and identify its significant KPIs in children aged (0-14) in Saudi Arabia. Machine learning methods, namely Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, and Artificial Neural Network have been utilised and compared for their relative performance. Analyses were performed in a population-based case-control study from three Saudi Arabian regions. The dataset (n = 1,142) contained demographic and socioeconomic status, genetic and disease history, nutrition history, obstetric history, and maternal characteristics. The comparison between case and control groups showed that most children (cases = 68% and controls = 88%) are from urban areas, 69% (cases) and 66% (control) were delivered after a full-term pregnancy and 31% of cases group were delivered by caesarean, which was higher than the controls (χ2 = 4.12, P-value = 0.042). Models were built using all available environmental and family history factors. The efficacy of models was evaluated using Area Under the Curve, Sensitivity, F Score and Precision. Full logistic regression outperformed other models with Accuracy = 0.77, Sensitivity, F Score and Precision of 0.70, and AUC = 0.83. The most significant KPIs were early exposure to cow’s milk (OR = 2.92, P = 0.000), birth weight >4 Kg (OR = 3.11, P = 0.007), residency(rural) (OR = 3.74, P = 0.000), family history (first and second degree), and maternal age >25 years. The results presented here can assist healthcare providers in collecting and monitoring influential KPIs and developing intervention strategies to reduce the childhood T1D incidence rate in Saudi Arabia.
How do alliances trade arms? Political alliance networks and global arms transfers
Authors: Chou Chelsea C. , Teng Chih-Sung , Tung Hans H.
Published: March 2023

The arms trade has come to the center stage of the international political economy. Yet only a few quantitative studies have been conducted on the political economy of the arms trade. This paper focuses on the security rents shared by trading partners in determining their arms trade relationship. We argue that the mechanism of reciprocity is better understood from the perspective of an international alliance network. Because the rents are likely to be transferred to other related members in a community, when a state is engaged in an arms deal with another state, it takes into account not only the direct dyadic relationship but also the alliance community to which the other state belongs. Based on this understanding, we employ social network analysis (SNA) to identify the effect of the international alliance community on the arms trade. Our findings suggest that if two states have a tie in a political alliance network, they are also likely to have a tie in the arms sale network. Moreover, we also find that the alliance network is a strong predictor of bilateral arms sales. Being in the same alliance community encourages two states to trade more arms with each other.
Predictors of death among severe COVID-19 patients admitted in Hawassa City, Sidama, Southern Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study
Authors: Misganaw Samuel , Eshetu Betelhem , Adane Adugnaw , Solomon Tarekegn
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Since COVID-19 was announced as a worldwide pandemic, the world has been struggling with this disease. In Ethiopia, there is some information on the epidemiological characteristics of the disease and treatment outcomes of COVID-19 patients. But, there is limited evidence related to predictors of death in COVID-19 patients.

Objective

To assess the predictor of death among severely ill COVID-19 patients admitted in Hawassa city COVID-19 treatment centers.

Methods

An institution-based unmatched case-control study was conducted at Hawassa city COVID-19 treatment centers from May 2021 to June 2021. All severe COVID-19-related deaths from May 2020 to May 2021 were included in the case group whereas randomly selected discharged severe COVID-19 patients were included in the control group. Extracted information was entered into Epi-data 4.6 and exported to SPSS 25 for analysis. Multivariable binary logistic regression was run to assess predictors. The result was presented as an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Variables with a 95% confidence interval which not included one were considered statistically significant.

Result

A total of 372 (124 cases and 248 controls) patients were included in the study. Multivariable analysis revealed age ≥ 65 years (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.33–5.14), having shortness of breath (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.02–3.44), fatigue (AOR 1.78, 95% CI = 1.09–2.90), altered consciousness (AOR 3.02, 95% CI = 1.40, 6.49), diabetic Mellitus (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.16–6.73), chronic cerebrovascular disease (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.23, 3.88) were found to be predictors of death.

Conclusion

Older age, shortness of breath, fatigue, altered consciousness, and comorbidity were predictors of death in Severe COVID-19 patients.
Influenza A virus reassortment is strain dependent
Authors: Taylor Kishana Y. , Agu Ilechukwu , José Ivy , Mäntynen Sari , Campbell A. J. , Mattson Courtney , Chou Tsui-Wen , Zhou Bin , Gresham David , Ghedin Elodie , Díaz Muñoz Samuel L.
Published: March 2023

RNA viruses can exchange genetic material during coinfection, an interaction that creates novel strains with implications for viral evolution and public health. Influenza A viral genetic exchange can occur when genome segments from distinct strains reassort in coinfected cells. Predicting potential genomic reassortment between influenza strains has been a long-standing goal. Experimental coinfection studies have shed light on factors that limit or promote reassortment. However, determining the reassortment potential between diverse Influenza A strains has remained elusive. To address this challenge, we developed a high throughput genotyping approach to quantify reassortment among a diverse panel of human influenza virus strains encompassing two pandemics (swine and avian origin), three specific epidemics, and both circulating human subtypes A/H1N1 and A/H3N2. We found that reassortment frequency (the proportion of reassortants generated) is an emergent property of specific pairs of strains where strain identity is a predictor of reassortment frequency. We detect little evidence that antigenic subtype drives reassortment as intersubtype (H1N1xH3N2) and intrasubtype reassortment frequencies were, on average, similar. Instead, our data suggest that certain strains bias the reassortment frequency up or down, independently of the coinfecting partner. We observe that viral productivity is also an emergent property of coinfections, but uncorrelated to reassortment frequency; thus viral productivity is a separate factor affecting the total number of reassortants produced. Assortment of individual segments among progeny and pairwise segment combinations within progeny generally favored homologous combinations. These outcomes were not related to strain similarity or shared subtype but reassortment frequency was closely correlated to the proportion of both unique genotypes and of progeny with heterologous pairwise segment combinations. We provide experimental evidence that viral genetic exchange is potentially an individual social trait subject to natural selection, which implies the propensity for reassortment is not evenly shared among strains. This study highlights the need for research incorporating diverse strains to discover the traits that shift the reassortment potential to realize the goal of predicting influenza virus evolution resulting from segment exchange.
Mainstreaming migrant experience: Examining authorship, commercialism and political engagement in Finnish migrant cinema
Authors: Malmberg Mikko
Published: March 2023

In many European nations, there have been a significant number of cinematic explorations of the experiences of migrants, a trend often called migrant cinema. By contrast, in Finland, where large-scale immigration is a relatively new phenomenon, there have historically been very few mainstream films that include migrant characters and practically none that explore the circumstances of migrant protagonists. Since the late 2010s, that has slowly begun to change, primarily due to filmmakers of migrant backgrounds who have drawn from their autobiographical experiences when making mainstream migrant cinema in Finland. Their films are important as cinema has a key role in representing divergent social groups and providing spaces for their political engagement. However, in other European countries, mainstream migrant cinema has drawn criticism – even when made by migrant filmmakers – since commercialism is seen to lead to depoliticization and representations that are counterproductive to migrant emancipation. By examining two Finnish examples where the creative impetus came from filmmakers of migrant backgrounds, and taking into account publicly available interviews with them, this article provides more nuance to the discussion of authorship, commercialism and political engagement in migrant cinema.
Les archives d’architecture en France, un patrimoine récent et fragile
Authors: Peyceré David
Published: March 2023

Les archives d’architecture, et plus spécialement celles des architectes, ont été identifiées et collectées en France à partir des années 1980, à partir d’une prise de conscience rapide dans les années 1970 sous l’effet conjugué de plusieurs facteurs – crise de l’enseignement de l’architecture, institutionnalisation de la recherche sur le patrimoine, démolitions polémiques. L’Institut français d’architecture est devenu l’acteur majeur dans le domaine, avec son Centre d’archives d’architecture du xxe siècle doté d’un lieu propre en 1989 ; il a, pendant une ou deux décennies, fédéré les actions d’associations d’archives d’architecture en province. Par son poids croissant, la collection est ensuite devenue plus difficile à gérer jusqu’à un déménagement récent (2021). L’article analyse les causes initiales de la prise en compte des archives d’architecture en France, les étapes de l’existence du Centre d’archives, et les défis qui sont aujourd’hui les siens et ceux de toute la recherche en histoire de l’architecture.
Semicondutores e nanoestruturas: uma introdução
Authors: Vilão Rui César
Published: March 2023

Os semicondutores contam-se entre os materiais com maior impacto no quotidiano, sobre os quais assenta grande parte da tecnologia contemporânea. Não estranha por isso que seja uma área de forte investimento seja em investigação fundamental ou aplicada, em equipas multidisciplinares de físicos, químicos, engenheiros de materiais, engenheiros eletrotécnicos ou engenheiros informáticos.

Do ponto de vista da física contemporânea, os semicondutores constituem um dos melhores cartões de visita da disciplina, ligando de forma exemplar contributos fundamentais com a vertente aplicada e a transferência de conhecimento e de tecnologia. Tal é eloquentemente resumido nos muitos contributos distinguidos com o prémio Nobel da Física, a partir do crescimento da disciplina na segunda metade do século XX.

Neste livro procura-se expor de forma didática mas completa os fundamentos da física de semicondutores necessários para a compreensão das questões essenciais, bem como das principais aplicações.
Corporativismo: Ideias e Práticas
Authors: Abreu Luciano Aronne de , Vannucchi Marco Aurélio , Abreu Luciano Aronne de , Santos Paula Borges
Published: March 2023

As estruturas estatais e corporativistas criadas em diversos países da Europa e da América Latina a partir da década de 1930, não foram apenas consideradas ultrapassadas e carentes de reformas durante a onda neoliberal que se impôs sobre essas mesmas regiões nas décadas de 1980 e 1990, mas vistas, sobretudo, como herança de um passado autoritário e fator de crise e atraso no desenvolvimento econômico de países como Portugal, Espanha, Brasil e Argentina.
Ao contrário do que então diziam muitos economistas e cientistas sociais, as reformas liberais e privatizantes daqueles tempos não representaram um caminho seguro para o desenvolvimento dessas ou de outras nações, o que se mantém ainda hoje como importante desafio para os seus governos. Nesse sentido, portanto, como bem apontam os estudos aqui reunidos, o corporativismo não se define como um modelo de regulação e mediação de interesses estritamente associado aos regimes autoritários ou de tipo fascista do período entreguerras ou como um entrave ao pleno desenvolvimento do capitalismo de mercado no mundo contemporâneo, mas numa forma de regulação e intervenção econômica e social do Estado compatível ou adaptável a diferentes regimes e épocas.
ANÁLISE DA DINÂMICA ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DOS ESPELHOS D’ÁGUA DOS RESERVATÓRIOS DE PERNAMBUCO POR MEIO DE SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO
Authors: Barbosa Antônio Helton da Silva , Cuellar Miguel Dragomir Zanic , Moreira Melquisedec Medeiros , Arraes Kátia Alves , Silva Camila Saiury Pereira
Published: March 2023

Nos últimos anos, em meio à seca e crise hídrica que afetaram várias regiões do Brasil, em particular a região semiárida, os reservatórios vêm sendo constantemente monitorados. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar, por meio de Sensoriamento Remoto, a dinâmica dos espelhos d'água dos reservatórios de Pernambuco, a fim de mostrar como a área dos espelhos d'água foi afetada pelas baixas precipitações, compreendendo os anos de 2012 a 2017. Para isso, foi utilizada a plataforma Google Earth Engine para analisar imagens do Landsat. Para a delimitação das águas, foi utilizada uma técnica de realce para converter as imagens RGB para HVS, criando uma imagem pancromática e facilitando o processo de identificação dos espelhos d'água. Desse modo, os resultados indicaram que todos os reservatórios perderam área, onde alguns chegaram a secar completamente. Além disso, os resultados ainda sugerem que os reservatórios localizados nas bacias hidrográficas de clima mais úmido apresentaram menor perda de área em comparação com as de clima mais seco. Essas informações são extremamente importantes para o planejamento e a gestão ambiental dos recursos hídricos, sob a perspectiva de fomentar políticas de abastecimento e, com isso, ampliar a capacidade de enfrentar problemas relacionados à segurança hídrica.
DIAGNÓSTICO DOS MODELOS DE GESTÃO DOS SERVIÇOS DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA NAS LOCALIDADES RURAIS DE BIRITINGA (BA)
Authors: Queiroz Diego Tomaz do Nascimento , Franco Gustavo Barreto , Marques Eduardo Antônio Gomes
Published: March 2023

Os percursos históricos das políticas públicas de abastecimento de água no contexto rural sempre se mostraram incipientes. Enquanto as áreas urbanas convencionais foram contempladas com ações mais sólidas para atender a população, as periferias urbanas e as localidades rurais foram marginalizadas, com iniciativas desenvolvidas de forma fragmentária, descontinuadas e pontuais. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de diagnosticar os modelos de gestão dos serviços de abastecimento de água em localidades rurais de Biritinga (BA). Empregou-se para o estudo de caso uma análise dos aspectos referentes às funções de gestão (planejamento, regulação, prestação e fiscalização) e o controle social nos diferentes modelos de gestão nas localidades rurais de Biritinga relativos à prestação de serviços de abastecimento de água. Como resultado, notou-se que os sistemas de abastecimento de água geridos pela Prefeitura e Associações possuem problemas relacionados às funções de gestão – prestação de serviço, planejamento, regulação e fiscalização. A participação e controle social são incipientes nos modelos de gestão da Administração Pública e Embasa, presente apenas no modelo de autogestão. Assim, o presente estudo buscou contribuir para que a realidade das comunidades rurais no âmbito do abastecimento de água para consumo humano fosse melhor compreendida.
LIVRO DIDÁTICO E PROFESSOR: OLHARES SOBRE A GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR EM CONTEXTOS DE DIVERSIDADE
Authors: Copatti Carina , Santos Leonardo Pinto dos
Published: March 2023

Por meio da presente pesquisa procuramos abordar o ensino de Geografia no atendimento às diversidades na/para a educação geográfica, tomando como centralidade a relação entre professor, livro didático e a ciência geográfica. Metodologicamente, o trabalho é construído por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e considera ainda, a atuação profissional dos dois autores, tanto pela experiência na avaliação de livros didáticos como na atuação docente em realidades diversas de lugares e sujeitos. Nesse sentido, buscou-se pensar: como a Geografia pode contribuir para a leitura do mundo em contextos diversos? De que forma os livros didáticos contribuem ou dificultam a aprendizagem nesses espaços? De que modo os professores podem utilizar esses recursos, aliando ciência geográfica e as realidades do mundo da vida? Para atender as diversidades o professor precisa considerar a relação entre a ciência e o mundo da vida ao atuar em contextos de diversidade ressignificando propostas dos livros didáticos. Ao interpretar diferentes textos e imagens, trazidas pelo livro, mediados pelo professor, os alunos tendem a compreender as transformações que envolvem as relações que o ser humano constrói em sociedade, provocando o pensar sobre as distintas realidades e a diversidade socioespacial do mundo.
Short-term biological variation of plasma uracil in a Caucasian healthy population
Authors: Winther-Larsen Anne , Madsen Anne Tranberg , Nissen Peter H. , Hoffmann-Lücke Elke , Greibe Eva
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Plasma uracil is a new biomarker to assess the activity of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase before cancer treatment with fluoropyrimidine drugs. Knowledge on the biological variation of plasma uracil is important to assess the applicability of plasma uracil as a biomarker of drug tolerance and efficacy.

Methods

A total of 33 apparently healthy individuals were submitted to sequential blood draws for three days. On the second day, blood draws were performed every third hour for 12 h. Plasma uracil was quantified by LC-MS/MS. The within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) biological variation estimates were calculated using linear mixed-effects models.

Results

The overall median value of plasma uracil was 10.6 ng/mL (range 5.6–23.1 ng/mL). The CVI and CVG were 13.5 and 22.1%, respectively. Plasma uracil remained stable during the day, and there was no day-to-day variation observed. No differences in biological variation components were found between sex and no correlation to age was found. Four samples were calculated to be required to estimate the homeostatic set-point ±15% with 95% confidence.

Conclusions

Plasma uracil is subject to tight homeostatic regulation without semidiurnal and day-to-day variation, however between-subject variation exists. This emphasizes plasma uracil as a well-suited biomarker for evaluation of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity, but four samples are required to establish the homeostatic set-point in a patient.
LINC00858 facilitates formation of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer via regulating the miR-132-3p/IGF2BP1 axis
Authors: Sun Peng , Luan Yusong , Cai Xuhao , Liu Qi , Ren Peide , Peng Panxin , Yu Yonggang , Song Bolun , Wang Yangyang , Chang Huijing , Ma Haoyue , Chen Yinggang
Published: March 2023

Hepatic metastasis is a major cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related deaths. Presently, the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hepatic metastases from CRC is elusive. We dissected possible interplay between LINC00858/miR-132-3p/IGF2BP1 via bioinformatics approaches. Subsequently we analyzed mRNA expression of LINC00858, miR-132-3p and IGF2BP1 through qRT-PCR. Western blot was used to detect protein expression of IGF2BP1. RNA immunoprecipitation chip and dual-luciferase assay validated interaction between LINC00858 and miR-132-3p, as well as miR-132-3p and IGF2BP1. Cell viability, invasion, and migration were examined via CCK-8, colony formation, transwell and wound healing assays. Effect of LINC00858 on CRC hepatic metastases was validated via in vivo assay. Upregulated LINC00858 and IGF2BP1, and downregulated miR-132-3p were predicted in tumor tissues of patients with hepatic metastases from CRC. There were targeting relationships between LINC00858 and miR-132-3p, as well as miR-132-3p and IGF2BP1. Besides, LINC00858 facilitated progression of CRC cells. Rescue assay suggested that silencing LINC00858 suppressed CRC cell progression, while further silencing miR-132-3p or overexpressing IGF2BP1 reversed such effects. LINC00858 could facilitate CRC tumor growth and hepatic metastases. LINC00858 induced CRC hepatic metastases via regulating miR-132-3p/ IGF2BP1, and this study may deliver a new diagnostic marker for the disease.
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Ferula plants and their potential for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Bagheri Seyyed Majid , Allahtavakoli Mohammad , Moradi Alireza
Published: March 2023

One of the current strategies in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease is using drugs with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory property. The existence of various compounds in plants as a potential source for finding new compounds to treat Alzheimer’s disease is a scientific fact. Many secondary metabolites and plant extracts have been reported with the ability to inhibit the AChE activity and improve memory and learning. These compounds can increase the concentration of acetylcholine in the brain and improve cholinergic function in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and reduce the symptoms of this neurological disorder. Plants of Ferula genus are a good source of biologically active compounds such as sesquiterpene derivatives, coumarin derivatives and sulfur-containing compounds. Numerous studies on various extracts or purified compounds of Ferula genus have shown that members of this genus have the inhibitory properties on acetylcholinesterase and can also be effective in improving Alzheimer’s and amnesia. This review article summarizes studies on plants of Ferula extracts and their derived compounds to find AChE inhibitors.
Role of Jumonji domain-containing protein D3 and its inhibitor GSK-J4 in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Lu Xixuan , Liu Ying , Xu Li , Liang Haiyan , Zhou Xiaoli , Lei Hong , Sha Liping
Published: March 2023

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune illness caused by a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The pathogenesis of HT is not fully elucidated, especially in epigenetics. The epigenetic regulator Jumonji domain-containing protein D3 (JMJD3) has been extensively investigated in immunological disorders. This study has been performed to explore the roles and potential mechanisms of JMJD3 in HT. Thyroid samples from patients and healthy subjects were collected. We first analyzed the expression of JMJD3 and chemokines in the thyroid gland using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, the apoptosis effect of the JMJD3-specific inhibitor GSK-J4 on the thyroid epithelial cell line Nthy-ori 3-1 was evaluated using FITC Annexin V Detection kit. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were applied to examine the inhibitory effect of GSK-J4 on the inflammation of thyrocytes. In the thyroid tissue of HT patients, JMJD3 messenger RNA and protein levels were substantially greater than in controls (P < 0.05). Chemokines C–X–C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) were elevated in HT patients, and thyroid cells with stimulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). GSK-J4 could suppress TNF-α-induced synthesis of chemokines CXCL10 and CCL2 and prohibit thyrocyte apoptosis. Our results shed light on the potential role of JMJD3 in HT and indicate that JMJD3 may become a novel therapeutic target in HT treatment and prevention.
Some standard and nonstandard finite difference schemes for a reaction–diffusion–chemotaxis model
Authors: de Waal Gysbert Nicolaas , Appadu Appanah Rao , Pretorius Christiaan Johannes
Published: March 2023

Two standard and two nonstandard finite difference schemes are constructed to solve a basic reaction–diffusion–chemotaxis model, for which no exact solution is known. The continuous model involves a system of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations subject to some specified initial and boundary conditions. It is not possible to obtain theoretically the stability region of the two standard finite difference schemes. Through running some numerical experiments, we deduce heuristically that these classical methods give reasonable solutions when the temporal step size

k

k

is chosen such that

k
≤
0.25

k\le 0.25

with the spatial step size

h

h

fixed at

h
=
1.0

h=1.0

(first novelty of this work). We observe that the standard finite difference schemes are not always positivity preserving, and this is why we consider nonstandard finite difference schemes. Two nonstandard methods abbreviated as NSFD1 and NSFD2 from Chapwanya et al. are considered. NSFD1 was not used by Chapwanya et al. to generate results for the basic reaction–diffusion–chemotaxis model. We find that NSFD1 preserves positivity of the continuous model if some criteria are satisfied, namely,

ϕ

(

k

)

[

ψ

(

h

)

]

2

=

1

2
γ

≤

1

2
σ
+
β

\frac{\phi \left(k)}{{\left[\psi \left(h)]}^{2}}=\frac{1}{2\gamma }\le \frac{1}{2\sigma +\beta }

and

β
≤
σ

\beta \le \sigma

, and this is the second novelty of this work. Chapwanya et al. modified NSFD1 to obtain NSFD2, which is positivity preserving if

R
=

ϕ

(

k

)

[

ψ

(

h

)

]

2

=

1

2
γ

R=\frac{\phi \left(k)}{{\left[\psi \left(h)]}^{2}}=\frac{1}{2\gamma }

and

2
σ
R
≤
1

2\sigma R\le 1

, that is

σ
≤
γ

\sigma \le \gamma

, and they presented some results. For the third highlight of this work, we show that NSFD2 is not always consistent and prove that consistency can be achieved if

β
→
0

\beta \to 0

and

k

h

2

→
0

\frac{k}{{h}^{2}}\to 0

. Fourthly, we show numerically that the rate of convergence in time of the four methods for case 2 is approximately one.
Variables productivas y digestibilidad en conejos alimentados con diferente nivel de vaina de Prosopis laevigata en la dieta
Authors: Mejia Haro Ignacio , García Sánchez Andrea Alejandra , Silos Espino Héctor , Martínez Mireles José Manuel , Arechiga Flores Carlos Fernando , Silva Ramos José Manuel
Published: March 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la inclusión de vainas de mezquite (Prosopis laevigata) en la dieta sobre las variables productivas y la digestibilidad in vivo en conejos en crecimiento. Se llevó a cabo una prueba de comportamiento animal utilizando un diseño completamente al azar con 36 conejos al destete, hembras asignadas a una de tres dietas-tratamiento con diferente concentración de vaina de mezquite molida (VMM): T1 (dieta sin VMM), T2 (dieta con 15% de VMM) y T3 (dieta con 30% de VMM). Se midió el consumo de alimento, ganancia de peso, conversión alimenticia y rendimiento de la canal; además, se determinó la digestibilidad in vivo de las dietas. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (p < 0.05) en la ganancia diaria de peso, consumo de alimento, rendimiento en canal y digestibilidad entre T1 y T3. La conversión alimenticia no mostró diferencias entre tratamientos (p > 0.05). La vaina de mezquite aporta un contenido nutricional adecuado en dietas de conejos al 15% sin afectar las variables productivas y digestibilidad de la materia seca.
Factores relacionados con la sintomatología depresiva en mujeres en edad reproductiva de Chiapas, México
Authors: Gómez-Pérez Maricruz , Salvatierra Benito , Sánchez-Ramírez Georgina , Ramírez-López Dulce K.
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la sintomatología depresiva (SD) y sus factores de riesgo en cinco grupos de mujeres en edad reproductiva. Para ello, se usó un muestreo no probabilístico, pero respetando el tamaño mínimo de muestra de 30 en cada grupo, para realizar las pruebas estadísticas. La selección de las participantes utilizó la técnica bola de nieve lineal para una muestra global (n = 192). La SD se identificó a través del cuestionario Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Los resultados reportaron una tasa de prevalencia de 21.9%. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los cinco grupos de estudio (X2 = 0.928; 4 gl; p = 0.920), pero sí se encontró asociación significativa entre las categorías de las variables estado civil (X2 = 13.418; 3 gl; p = 0.004) y grupos residenciales (X2 = 17.845; 5 gl; p = 0.002. Se concluye que la SD, más que asociada con el embarazo, el parto o el postparto, tiene una explicación con base en los determinantes sociales de la salud.
The effects of dyadic coping strategies and dyadic conflict resolution styles on postpartum depression of mothers in heterosexual marriages in Turkey
Authors: Çankaya Seyhan , Buran Gonca
Published: March 2023

The authors of this study aimed to determine the effects of coping strategies and conflict resolution styles on postpartum depression in heterosexual mothers in the postpartum period in Turkey. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 369 mothers with babies aged 1-12 months. The study was carried out between October 1, 2021, and December 1, 2021, in the pediatric outpatient clinic of the Medical Faculty Hospital of a province in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. Seventy-four (20.1%) mothers had scores above the depression scale cu-off point (>13). Having problems in marriage, getting a low score on the spouse's self-perception scale of dyadic coping with stress, and having negative, nonsubmissive, and retreating conflict resolution styles were found to be important factors associated with postpartum depression (p < .05). The incidence of postpartum depression was found to be associated with having problems in the marriage, not having good dyadic coping strategies, and having negative conflict resolution styles.