bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsabilidade socioambiental: um relato sobre o incentivo ao engajamento socioambiental em instituição de ensino superior em Caucaia/CE
Authors: Soares João Luis Josino , Oliveira Filho Salviano José de
Published: November 2019

O presente trabalho objetiva a relatar as contribuições de um projeto de responsabilidade socioambiental em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior a partir da experiência colaborativa de um profissional. Dentro deste contexto de modo específico: identificar a necessidade de projetos socioambientais para a imagem institucional perante a sociedade civil; Citar as principais ações e investimentos realizados em um Projeto de Responsabilidade Socioambiental; E  relatar as limitações percebidas na visão do profissional atuante no projeto.  Diante disso, visa-se responder o seguinte questionamento: Que benefícios podem ser relatados em uma IES, pelo seu engajamento e dos seus alunos em Projetos de Responsabilidade Socioambiental – PRS?. Assim, tomou-se como metodologia para coleta e avaliação dos resultados, um relato de experiência por meio de entrevista pautada em questionário estruturado, aplicado a Coordenadora de Extensão de uma instituição de ensino superior de Caucaia/CE. Desse modo, foi possivel obter a percepção da idealizadora do projeto, a qual evidenciou os benefícios obtidos com a implantação do projeto envolvendo o bem estar e a educação ambiental dos alunos engajados e da sociedade civil assistenciada.
Estereotipos de género en educación física
Authors: Pastor-Vicedo JC. , Sánchez-Oliva A. , Sánchez-Blanchart J. , Martínez-Martínez J.
Published: November 2019

La escuela y en particular el área de Educación Física, puede ser uno de los escenarios donde, bajo el denominado currículum oculto, se pongan de manifiesto actitudes estereotipadas y cargadas de prejuicios desde el punto de vista deportivo y motor. El objetivo principal de nuestro estudio fue identificar la percepción de los escolares de Educación Primaria entre los 11 y 12 años (11.87± 0.38) sobre los estereotipos de género vinculados con la actividad física y el deporte, a partir de subestereotipos asociados al tipo de práctica, respecto al profesorado y a clima de clase. Los principales resultados muestran la presencia de estereotipos relacionados con el rendimiento, el autoconcepto y el trato por parte del profesorado. Desde la escuela y desde el área de Educación Física se debe tener muy presente estas situaciones que debemos reorientar para lograr una verdadera escuela inclusiva y sociedad que permita la igualdad de oportunidades.

The school, and the Physical Education may become as one of the setting where with the so-called hidden curriculum, attitudes loaded with prejudices, in terms of gender stereotyped, could be shown.  The main objective of our study was to identify the perception of primary school students between 11 and 12 years old (11.87 ± 0.38) about gender stereotypes linked to physical activity and sport, based on sub-stereotypes associated with the type of practice , regarding the teaching staff and classroom climate. The main results show the presence of stereotypes related to performance, self-concept and treatment by teachers. From the school and from the area of Physical Education, we must bear in mind these situations that we must reorient to achieve a true inclusive school and society that allows equal opportunities.
Estudio de las variables pedagógicas en tareas de enseñanza del fútbol en función de la parte de sesión
Authors: Gamero-Portillo M. , García-Ceverino JM. , Feu S. , Antúnez A.
Published: November 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las variables pedagógicas de las tareas diseñadas por los profesores de pre-servicio para la enseñanza del futbol escolar en función de las partes de la sesión. Se han codificado 307 tareas diseñadas por 6 profesores en formación a través del Sistema Integral para el Análisis de las Tareas de Entrenamiento (SIATE). Se analizaron las variables pedagógicas que clasifica este sistema: situación de juego, presencia de portero, fase de juego, tipo de contenido I y II, contenido específico, medio de enseñanza, nivel de oposición, tipo de participación y Feedback. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial mediante la prueba Chi-Cuadrado, V de Cramer y los Residuos Tipificados Corregidos. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas (p<.05) en el diseño de las tareas para cada parte de la sesión con respecto a las variables pedagógicas, excepto en la variable tipo de contenido II.

The objective of this study was to analyze the pedagogical variables of the tasks designed by the pre-service teachers for the teaching of school soccer based on the parts of the session. 307 tasks designed by 6 teachers in training have been codified through the Integral System for the Analysis of the Training Tasks (SIATE). The pedagogical variables classified by this system were analyzed: game situation, goalkeeper presence, game phase, content type I and II, specific content, teaching medium, level of opposition, type of participation and Feedback. A descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test, Cramer's V test and the Corrected Typified Waste. The results show significant differences (p <.05) in the design of the tasks for each part of the session with respect to the pedagogical variables, except in the variable type of content II.
La formación docente ante el trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: J. Sánchez-Blanchart , Sánchez-Oliva A. , Pastor-Vicedo JC. , Martínez-Martínez J.
Published: November 2019

La formación docente en trastornos del aprendizaje es vital para alcanzar una verdadera educación competencial e inclusiva y la actividad física adquiere especial significado. El objetivo del presente estudio fue valorar la formación que tienen los docentes en activo sobre el alumnado con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) y qué factores pueden influir en la mejora de la práctica docente. La muestra está formada por un total de 68 docentes de diferentes centros educativos públicos de la provincia de Toledo (CLM). Se utilizó un cuestionario ad hoc basado en la literatura científica y revisado por expertos. Los resultados muestran como existe una escasa formación respecto al tratamiento del alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales y alumnos TEA. Potenciar el apoyo dentro del aula al docente y disponer de mayor número y disponibilidad de programas de intervención adecuados a cada tipo de necesidad educativa, servirá para paliar las posibles carencias al respecto.

Teacher training in learning disorders is vital to achieve a true competence and inclusive education and physical activity acquires special significance. The objective of this study was to assess the training that teachers have active on students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and what factors can influence the improvement of teaching practice. The sample consists of a total of 68 teachers from different public schools in the province of Toledo (CLM). An ad hoc questionnaire based on scientific literature and reviewed by experts was used. The results show how there is little training regarding the treatment of students with special educational needs and ASD students. Enhance the support within the classroom to the teacher and have more number and availability of intervention programs appropriate to each type of educational need, will serve to alleviate the possible shortcomings in this regard.
The co-constitution of violent death: bombs, civilian victims and material destruction in Rotterdam during the Second World War
Authors: Robben Antonius C. G. M.
Published: November 2019

Thousands of people died in Rotterdam during the Second World War in more than
300 German and Allied bombardments. Civil defence measures had been taken before
the German invasion of the Netherlands in May 1940 and these efforts were
intensified during the country’s occupation as Allied bombers attacked
Rotterdam’s port, factories, dry docks and oil terminals. Residential
neighbourhoods were also hit through imprecise targeting and by misfired flak
grenades. Inadequate air raid shelters and people’s reluctance to enter
them caused many casualties. The condition of the corpses and their post-mortem
treatment was thus co-constituted by the relationship between the victims and
their material circumstances. This article concludes that an understanding of
the treatment of the dead after war, genocide and mass violence must pay
systematic attention to the materiality of death because the condition,
collection and handling of human remains is affected by the material means that
impacted on the victims.
HOW DOES CRYOGENIC FREEZING AFFECT THE CALORIMETRIC PROPERTIES OF LIQUID EGG PRODUCTS?
Authors: Karina Ilona Hidas , Nyulas-Zeke Ildikó Csilla , Friedrich László , Visy Anna , Csonka Judit , Németh Csaba
Published: November 2019

Eggs are widely utilized because of their high nutrient value, coagulating, foaming, emulsifying and sometimes even colouring or flavouring facilities in food manufacturing. Production of processed egg products shows an increasing trend. Frozen products belong to first processing, their shelf life can increase up to 1 year. By freezing, a large reduction in microbial loss can be achieved. But different undesirable processes can occur. The effect of freezing on animal cells is highly dependent on freezing parameters. It has a different effect on egg subtituents. Egg yolk undergoes a gelation process while proteins can denaturate. In our study pasteurized liquid egg products (liquid egg white, liquid egg yolk and liquid whole egg) were frozen by dripping into liquid nitrogen. After that, a 14-day frozen storage experiment was carried out at -18°C. Before freezing and on the 1th, 7th and 14th days of storage experiment pH, dry matter content, colour and calorimetric properties (denaturation temperatures and enthalpy of denaturation) with differential scanning calorimetry were tested. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) was employed. In our experiment, we found no significant change in calorimetric properties of liquid egg white after freezing, but significant decreasing of enthalpy and denaturation temperatures of liquid egg yolk and liquid whole egg was identified. In contrast, frozen storage had a decreasing effect in all these products. Freezing caused a clearly visible colour change in LEW, a visible change in colour of LWE and a very clearly visible change in colour of LEY. In case of LEW and LEY changes increased to clearly visible 14 days. In conclusion, our results show that frozen storage had a greater effect on liquid egg products properties than freezing in liquid nitrogen.
Motor cortex can directly drive the globus pallidus neurons in a projection neuron type-dependent manner in the rat
Authors: Karube Fuyuki , Takahashi Susumu , Kobayashi Kenta , Fujiyama Fumino
Published: November 2019

The basal ganglia are critical for the control of motor behaviors and for reinforcement learning. Here, we demonstrate in rats that primary and secondary motor areas (M1 and M2) make functional synaptic connections in the globus pallidus (GP), not usually thought of as an input site of the basal ganglia. Morphological observation revealed that the density of axonal boutons from motor cortices in the GP was 47% and 78% of that in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) from M1 and M2, respectively. Cortical excitation of GP neurons was comparable to that of STN neurons in slice preparations. FoxP2-expressing arkypallidal neurons were preferentially innervated by the motor cortex. The connection probability of cortico-pallidal innervation was higher for M2 than M1. These results suggest that cortico-pallidal innervation is an additional excitatory input to the basal ganglia, and that it can affect behaviors via the cortex-basal ganglia-thalamus motor loop.
Cycles of autoubiquitination and deubiquitination regulate the ERAD ubiquitin ligase Hrd1
Authors: Peterson Brian G , Glaser Morgan L , Rapoport Tom A , Baldridge Ryan D
Published: November 2019

Misfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are retrotranslocated into the cytosol and polyubiquitinated before being degraded by the proteasome. The multi-spanning ubiquitin ligase Hrd1 forms the retrotranslocation channel and associates with three other membrane proteins (Hrd3, Usa1, Der1) of poorly defined function. The Hrd1 channel is gated by autoubiquitination, but how Hrd1 escapes degradation by the proteasome and returns to its inactive ground state is unknown. Here, we show that autoubiquitination of Hrd1 is counteracted by Ubp1, a deubiquitinating enzyme that requires its N-terminal transmembrane segment for activity towards Hrd1. The Hrd1 partner Hrd3 serves as a brake for autoubiquitination, while Usa1 attenuates Ubp1’s deubiquitination activity through an inhibitory effect of its UBL domain. These results lead to a model in which the Hrd1 channel is regulated by cycles of autoubiquitination and deubiquitination, reactions that are modulated by the other components of the Hrd1 complex.
Anne Conway og sinn-kropp-problemet
Authors: Nilsen Fredrik
Published: November 2019

I The principles of the most ancient and modern philosophy tar Anne Conway (1631-1679) et oppgjør med teoriene til flere av sine samtidige mannlige kolleger, i fremste rekke Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), René Descartes (1596-1650) og Baruch de Spinoza (1632-1677). En viktig del av denne kritikken handler om at hun mener at ingen av dem gir en fullgod forklaring på relasjonen mellom sjel og legeme. For Hobbes er alt i verden, sjelen inkludert, en del av den materielle og determinerte verden og således finnes det ikke noe mulighet for at mennesket kan ha en sjel som er fri. Hos Descartes finner vi den dualistiske læren om at mennesket består av to substanser, sjel og legeme, og mens legemet har utstrekning og således er ufritt, mangler sjelen utstrekning og kan dermed betraktes som fri. Spinoza hevder på sin side at sjel og legeme ikke er to substanser, men snarere to væremåter under den eneste substans som finnes, Gud, noe som gjør at sjel og legeme befinner seg på samme nivå og kan virke sammen. Mot disse teoriene hevder Conway, inspirert av sin kollega og venn Henry More (1614-1687), at det det ikke er mulig å trekke et definitivt skille mellom sjel og legeme. Det finnes ikke legemer som er uten sjel eller ånd, og det finnes heller ikke, riktignok med unntak av Gud, sjeler eller ånder som er uten legeme. Dermed er det verken slik Hobbes hevder, da ikke alt, men snarere ingenting, er rent materielt, ei heller slik Descartes hevder, da det ikke finnes et dualistisk skille mellom sjel og legeme, og endelig heller ikke slik Spinoza hevder, da det på nyplatonsk vis finnes et hierarki i naturen ut fra hvor langt de ulike «tingene» er fra Gud, og hvor sjelen innrømmes forrang framfor legemet. Dessuten inspirerte Conway Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716) til å utvikle monadebegrepet, et begrep som er helt vesentlig i Leibniz sin forståelse av samvirket mellom sjel og legeme som preetablert harmoni. Conway må slik sies å delta aktivt i en av sin samtids mest intense filosofiske debatter og fortjener en langt mer fremskutt plass i filosofiens historie enn den ettertiden har tilkjent henne.

Artikkelen min tematiserer ikke feminisme og kjønn, men den er en del av en satsning som forskningsgruppen i feministisk filosofi (FemPhil) ved Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges Arktiske Universitet har igangsatt hvor målet er å synliggjøre kvinners bidrag til filosofiens historie og således bidra til å revidere den gjengse forståelsen av filosofifaget som et fag av og for menn. Prosjektet har verdi i seg selv, da det bidrar til bedre balanse mellom mannlige og kvinnelige tenkere i filosofiens historie, men vi håper også at det på sikt vil bidra positivt til rekrutteringen av kvinner, det være seg både ansatte og studenter, til filosofifaget.
(How) Can feminist scholarship save integration research?
Authors: Penner Angelina
Published: November 2019

This presentation is an attempt to bring critical feminist scholarship into conversation with integration research.

Although integration as a subject of academic inquiry is far from new, it has experienced a global revival. In recent years, multiple research projects – including my own – about integration in various disciplines have been financed and set in motion by research councils and other (political and economic) stake holders. Integration became almost like a buzzword, not only in popular understanding, but in academia as well. With the heightened attention to integration research, also criticism thereof has risen.

Willem Schinkel (2018), for example, directly calls for an abandonment of immigrant integration research, as it is (at best) ignorant towards or (at worst) covering up its methodological biases and neocolonial frameworks.

In my presentation at «Kjønnsforskning Nå!» I would like to think with this kind of criticism and ask whether feminists scholarship can help integration research to overcome its shortcomings and biases.

Feminist approaches have enabled questions about identity politics, politics of belonging and processes of becoming – all of which are central, yet often under-addressed, in integration research. Moreover, feminist studies offer a rich pool of concepts and theoretical approaches, that research designs dealing with integration can take inspiration from, e.g. strangeness, monsters, failure, the importance of affect, and the intra-sections of race, class and (non-binary) gender, etc.

Finally, looking through a critical feminist lens, existing power relations in which integration research is conducted, can be re-assessed, as well as the positionality of researchers in integration research.
Witchcraft and the Enlightenment: Reinterpreting the Witch in the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Handley Janet
Published: November 2019

New Research Idea: Representing a point of intersection between the natural, the supernatural, law, fact, and fiction, witchcraft makes an excellent case for studying changes in the belief systems during the eighteenth century. Witchcraft remained a topic of intense discussion and heated debates long after it ceased being officially treated as a crime. The period is extraordinarily rich in literary material concerning witchcraft, from pamphlets, essays, news sheets and legal histories to pantomimes, poems, chapbooks, and at least one novel, yet these have so far received relatively sparse academic attention. In order to obtain a deeper knowledge and understanding of the development and the major and minor changes in the discourse on witchcraft during the 1700s, the proposed project analyses its manifestations in English and Scottish non-fiction and literary texts spanning the above-mentioned forms and genres. Exploring the mediation of texts/narratives/stories and examining the sociocultural considerations of “how and why stories are re-worked in different historical and cultural contexts” (Elliott: 149), the proposed project studies how the various texts enter into dialogues with each other and how they play into other concerns. In doing so it gives particular attention to shifts in the representations of the witch figure, its manifestations, function, and voice, and its interrelationship with gender politics. The proposed study builds upon and expands my previous research into the seventeenth century: “Scripting the Witch: Voice, Gender and Power in The Witch of Edmonton (Rowley, Dekker and Ford 1621) and Witchcraft (Baillie 1836)” (Master’s Thesis Nov 2016 UiT).
Thinking feminist and gender studies now
Authors: Myong Lene , Engebretsen Elisabeth Lund , Klitgård Mathias , Hellstrand Ingvil
Published: November 2019

The field of gender studies is changing and solidifying at the same time. What kinds of developments can we trace in contemporary gender studies, and what is at stake for gender studies now? What are important questions for/in the field? How come gender studies in Norway (and the rest of Scandinavia) tend to shoulder or “house” adjacent fields that also deal with questions of power and difference, such as critical race studies for example? Why are we working in/with gender studies, and how do we contribute towards advancing gender and feminist studies in theory, teaching, politics and practice?

In this roundtable, scholars in the Centre for Gender Studies at the University of Stavanger grapple with these questions through examples from our own research and teaching. The purpose for this roundtable is to continue our local discussions and thinking with the field of gender studies nationally and internationally.
Kvinnelige fiskere i Norge
Authors: Gerrard Siri , Kleiber Danika
Published: November 2019

Fiskekvotesystemet (1990) kan ha ulike kjønnsmessige virkninger i fiske, også i kystfiske. Bidrag som omhandler kvinners situasjon og kjønn er det imidlertid, med noen få hederlige unntak på 1990tallet, skrevet lite om hverken av fiskeri- eller kjønnsforskere. Ved å anvende feministisk forståelser og ulike metoder vil vi få bedre innsikt i forholdet mellom kjønn, kystfiske og fiskekvotesystemet. 

Vi anvender statistikk fra Fiskermanntallet og data produsert av ansatte I Fiskeridirektoratet. Disse tallene viser at antall registrerte kvinner og men i fiske har sunket betraktelig (ca 59%) siden 1990. Mellom 1990 og 2017 varierer antallet kvinnelige fiskere fra 2.7 til 3.2 %. Kvinner utgjorde i 2017 ca 2, 2 % av kystfiskebåt-eierne og de fleste kvinner eide båter mindre enn 11 meter. I 2017 eide kvinner 0,35 % av fiskebåter større enn 11 meter. Båter større enn 11 meter faller inn under gruppen som kan ha flere fiskekvoter tilknyttet båten sin der kvotene kan omsettes på markedet., kjøpes og selges. De fleste kvinnene disponerer kvoter I åpen gruppe som gir mindre kvoter og som ikke kan kjøpes og selges på kvotemarkedet.

Går en nærmere inn i materialet, ser en at endringer I alder og geografisk tilhørighet varierer. Slike forhold virker ikke bare inn på tilstedeværelse I fiske, men også på rekruttering. Ved å kombinere tall-materialet med deltakende observasjon fra Troms og Finnmark, får en nærmere innsikt i ressursmessige, strukturelle, politiske og kulturelle forhold og samspillet mellom slike forhold. Dette er forhold som bidrar til både å fremme og hemme kvinners deltakelse i fiske. Slike data viser også hvordan kvinner i sær, tar initiativ for å styrke likestilling og rettferdighet på det fiskeripolitiske området – med noen få resultater.

Gjennom en slik studie håper vi at data og kjønnsanalyser kan bidra til en mer nyansert forståelse av dagens norske kystfiske og ikke minst betydningen av kvinners deltakelse i dette fiske.
Kjønnsblind regional omstilling
Authors: Valestrand Halldis
Published: November 2019

Store endringer har skjedd de senere årene i norske kommuner- og fylkeskommuner, ettersom de har fått stadig mer ansvar for egen samfunnsutvikling. Målsetningen er nesten uten unntak formulert i retning av å bli ‘attraktive (lokal)samfunn i vekst’. Ofte handler det om å sette i gang utredninger og planer for større eller mindre innsatser i alt fra infrastruktur til omstillingsprosjekter som involverer hele samfunnet og som kan bli ganske omfattende og kostnadskrevende. Politikerne og andre ansvarlige (kan) stilles til ansvar for resultatene og det er krav om evalueringer og dokumentasjon i hele dette systemet. Dette betyr et krav om at kunnskapsgrunnlaget må være best mulig for at de rette avgjørelser kan tas. Det være seg å produsere faktagrunnlag, utredninger, søknader om statlige midler, såkalte konsekvensanalyser (krav i Plan og bygningsloven bl.a), altså samfunnsdiagnoser av ulike slag. I tråd med nyliberaliseringen i norsk politikk og administrasjon er det blitt stadig vanligere å ‘outsource’ dette arbeidet til eksterne aktører, private rådgivere, stiftelser eller større byråer (type Multiconsult, Norconsult, COWI, osv), etter en bestiller-utførermodell. Ofte omtales disse aktørene som kompetanseleverandører, og de ‘leverer’ etter bestilling. Kunnskapen om et samfunn er altså en vare. Etter å ha lest meg gjennom en del materiale i forbindelse med omstillingsprosesser i norske kommuner er det spesielt to forhold som har slått meg. Det første er at dette ‘feltet’ synes å være fredet for kritisk samfunnsanalyse, det antas tilsynelatende å være utenfor de politiske prosessene. Det andre, som jeg vil sette søkelys på, er om de også oppfattes og oppfatter seg selv, som kjønnsnøytrale, det være seg i sine leveranser, språk og rådgiving. Her er det jo snakk om offentlige penger og politiske prosesser, så hvem ser etter kjønnsbalanse og likestillingsperspektiv? Her er det noe som har gått under radaren når det gjelder både politikk og analyser.
Accurate spatiotemporal predictions of daily stream temperature from statistical models accounting for interactions between climate and landscape
Authors: Siegel Jared E. , Volk Carol J.
Published: November 2019

Spatial and temporal patterns in stream temperature are primary factors determining species composition, diversity and productivity in stream ecosystems. The availability of spatially and temporally continuous estimates of stream temperature would improve the ability of biologists to fully explore the effects of stream temperature on biota. Most statistical stream temperature modeling techniques are limited in their ability to account for the influence of variables changing across spatial and temporal gradients. We identified and described important interactions between climate and spatial variables that approximate mechanistic controls on spatiotemporal patterns in stream temperature. With identified relationships we formed models to generate reach-scale basin-wide spatially and temporally continuous predictions of daily mean stream temperature in four Columbia River tributaries watersheds of the Pacific Northwest, USA. Models were validated with a testing dataset composed of completely distinct sites and measurements from different years. While some patterns in residuals remained, testing dataset predictions of selected models demonstrated high accuracy and precision (averaged RMSE for each watershed ranged from 0.85–1.54 °C) and was only 17% higher on average than training dataset prediction error. Aggregating daily predictions to monthly predictions of mean stream temperature reduced prediction error by an average of 23%. The accuracy of predictions was largely consistent across diverse climate years, demonstrating the ability of the models to capture the influences of interannual climatic variability and extend predictions to timeframes with limited temperature logger data. Results suggest that the inclusion of a range of interactions between spatial and climatic variables can approximate dynamic mechanistic controls on stream temperatures.
Kinetic analysis of felines landing from different heights
Authors: Wang Meizi , Song Yang , Valentin Stephanie , Baker Julien S. , Gu Yaodong
Published: November 2019

Background

Kinetic motion analysis has been used in canines and equines as a fundamental objective evaluation measurement. Cats are very capable jumpers, and this ability has biomimetic applications. It is essential to understand movement patterns and physical adaptations of this species, as cats are popular pets for humans. Further to this, motion analysis of a cat’s movement patterns may provide potentially valuable information in relation to limb disease and injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate kinetic differences in cats when landing from varying preselected controlled heights.

Methods

The peak vertical force (PVF) and paw contact area (CA) of both the forelimbs and hindlimbs were collected from seven healthy Chinese domesticated cats while landing from heights of 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm and 90 cm respectively. The falling motivation for the cats was facilitated with the use of a flip board. This device provided the basis for the cats to land passively.

Results

The results indicated that the PVF of all examined limbs (fore right, fore left, hind right, hind left) significantly increased as the height increased. When the PVF from the hindlimbs and forelimbs were compared, the forelimbs recorded significantly greater values for all heights examined (P< 0.001). The PVF of the hindlimbs was symmetrical at all heights, but forelimb symmetry only occurred at the lower heights. The hindlimbs demonstrated larger CA than the forelimbs measured from all heights on landing (P< 0.001). Moreover, the paw CA on the left and right limbs were symmetrical.

Discussion

The paw CA of cats may be an effective parameter to evaluate abnormalities or diseases in the limbs of cats. Additionally, these findings highlight how cats land from varying heights, which may also provide reference values for the bionic design of artificial limbs for felines and treatment for limb diseases in this species.
Revelation of genetic diversity and structure of wild Elymus excelsus (Poaceae: Triticeae) collection from western China by SSR markers
Authors: Xiong Yanli , Liu Wenhui , Xiong Yi , Yu Qingqing , Ma Xiao , Lei Xiong , Zhang Xinquan , Li Daxu
Published: November 2019

Hosting unique and important plant germplasms, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), as the third pole of the world, and Xinjiang, located in the centre of the Eurasian continent, are major distribution areas of perennial Triticeae grasses, especially the widespread Elymus species. Elymus excelsus Turcz. ex Griseb, a perennial forage grass with strong tolerance to environmental stresses, such as drought, cold and soil impoverishment, can be appropriately used for grassland establishment due to its high seed production. To provide basic information for collection, breeding strategies and utilization of E. excelsus germplasm, microsatellite markers (SSR) were employed in the present study to determine the genetic variation and population structure of 25 wild accessions of E. excelsus from Xinjiang (XJC) and the QTP, including Sichuan (SCC) and Gansu (GSC) of western China. Based on the 159 polymorphic bands amplified by 35 primer pairs developed from three related species, the average values of the polymorphic information content (PIC), marker index (MI), resolving power (Rp), Nei’s genetic diversity (H) and Shannon’s diversity index (I) of each pair of primers were 0.289, 1.348, 1.897, 0.301 and 0.459, respectively, validating that these SSR markers can also be used for the evaluation of genetic diversity of E. excelsus germplasms, and demonstrating the superior versatility of EST-SSR vs. G-SSR. We found a relatively moderate differentiation (Fst = 0.151) among the XJC, SCC and GSC geo-groups, and it is worth noting that, the intra-group genetic diversity of the SCC group (He = 0.197) was greater than that of the GSC (He = 0.176) and XJC (He = 0.148) groups. Both the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic (UPGMA) clustering and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) divided the 25 accessions into three groups, whereas the Bayesian STRUCTURE analysis suggested that E. excelsus accessions fell into four main clusters. Besides, this study suggested that geographical distance and environmental variables (annual mean precipitation and average precipitation in growing seasons), especially for QTP accessions, should be combined to explain the population genetic differentiation among the divergent geographical regions. These data provided comprehensive information about these valuable E. excelsus germplasm resources for the protection and collection of germplasms and for breeding strategies in areas of Xinjiang and QTP in western China.
Pattern of Hypertension in Fayoum Governorate
Authors: Ezzat Eman M. , Amir Maher A. Al , Ewais Abdelrahman A.
Published: November 2019

Background: Hypertension is a preventable cause of premature death worldwide. Data from the Egyptian National Hypertension Project (NHP) revealed that hypertension is a significant problem among Egyptians. We studied the prevalence of hypertension, related risk factors and its complications in Fayoum governorate.

Patients and Methods: This study included 2800 Egyptian participants aged 18 to 60 years old from Fayoum governorate selected randomly from different places in Fayoum governorate. Blood pressure was measured for them. Re-measurement for those with BP measurements ≥ 140/90 was done with a further assessment. Known hypertensive patients were thoroughly evaluated by clinical examination and laboratory investigations.

Results: Our survey revealed that the prevalence rate of hypertension in Fayoum governorate was 28.4% (19.3% were aware and 9.1% were first diagnosed and unaware of their hypertension), 11% of the study population were pre-hypertensives. Poorly controlled hypertensive patients were 59.9%. Of all hypertensive patients, 63.4% of them were females, 87.9% of them were overweight and obese, while 26.3% of them had diabetes mellitus. Also, 41% of known hypertensive patients had complications.

Conclusion and Recommendations: There is a high prevalence rate of hypertension in Fayoum governorate. More knowledge is required to reveal the reasons behind this high prevalence in addition to the low levels of control and awareness of hypertension, to put the appropriate strategy to improve the rate of control, awareness, and quality of life of hypertensive patients in Egypt.
Occupational Hazards from Outdoor and Indoor Radiation in Oil Field Facilities in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Avwiri G. O. , Ekpo J. , Chad-Umoren Y. E.
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study is to determine the occupational hazards due to exposure to gamma radiations from oil and gas facilities. In-situ measurement of radiation exposure rate of some Oil Field Facilities in Rivers State, Nigeria  carried out using Digilert 200 and Radalert 100 nuclear radiation monitor and a geographical positioning system (Garmin GPSMAP 76S). The average exposure rates of the facilities range from 0.010±0.002 to 0.015±0.001, for indoor and 0.014±0.003 to 0.027±0.003  for outdoor. The mean absorbed dose rates for indoor varied from 92.1 to 121.1 nGyh-1 while the mean outdoor absorbed dose varied from 120.4 to 234.2 nGyh-1. The estimated indoor annual effective dose varied from 0.14 to 0.19 mSvy-1 while the outdoor annual effective dose varied from 0.23 to 0.36 m Svy-1.The estimated indoor excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) range from 0.56× to 0.65x10-3 and outdoor ranged from 0.65×5 to 1.26×. The respective mean values of absorbed dose, AEDE and ELCR for indoor and outdoor measurements at the different locations exceeded the world permissible values of 60, 70 and 0.29× respectively. The result of this work indicated that used oilfield pipe market recorded the highest exposure rate. This could be due to radiations from scales on the pipes and may pose health challenged for long term exposure.
A New and Simple Condensation Method of Computing Determinants of Large Matrices and Solving Large Linear Systems
Authors: Ufuoma Okoh
Published: November 2019

The chief object of this work present a new and simple condensation method of finding determinants of large matrices and solving large linear systems.
Amylolytic Potential of Oleaginous Yeast in Sago Processing Wastewater (SWW) under Submerged Fermentation
Authors: Thangavelu Kiruthika , Sundararaju Pugalendhi , Srinivasan Naganandhini , Uthandi Sivakumar
Published: November 2019

Sago processing wastewater was assessed for their suitability as growth substrates using oleaginous yeasts, for the production of a useful enzyme (amylase) under submerged fermentation (SmF). Sago wastewater (pH was adjusted to 6) containing starch concentration (10% w/v) were inoculated with yeast strain and incubated at 30ºC for 10 d in an incubator shaker (150 rpm). The results of the amylase activity of oleaginous yeast and in its substratum SWW were compared with the different processing wastes (potato peel, banana peel, cassava peel, corn residue, rice husk, wheat bran, yam peel and barley husk) and oleaginous yeasts (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Saccharomyces pastorianus, Lipomyces starkeyi and Rhodotorula glutinis). Compared to other oleaginous yeast, our yeast strain found to produce higher amylase activity of 1.51 IU mL-1. Furthermore, SWW produced more amylase activity than the other compared wastes. This research finding illustrates the environmental friendly and alternate use of sago processing wastewater, towards their valorization as substrates for valuable enzymes and chemical production.
Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty: A Moderation and Mediation Perspective
Authors: Kwan Soo Shin Sean , Amenuvor Fortune Edem , Basilisco Richard , Owusu-Antwi Kwasi
Published: November 2019

This study aims to empirically test the effect of brand trust on brand commitment and brand loyalty while examining the mediating and moderating roles of brand commitment and brand reputation respectively. To achieve this aim, data is collected from 412 smartphone users in South Korea. The hypotheses advanced to achieve this aim are tested through the structural equations modeling technique. The results of the study reveal that brand trust and brand commitment positively and significantly influence brand loyalty. The study further finds that brand trust is positively and significantly related to brand commitment, while the latter mediates the relationship between brand trust and brand loyalty. Equally, the study finds support for the moderating role of brand reputation on the relationship between brand trust and brand commitment. The study provides managerial and theoretical illuminations into comprehending brand trust, brand commitment, brand reputation, and brand loyalty.
Study of Nutritional Status of Pre-school Children in Auraiya District of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Kumari Phool , Dhawan Tripti
Published: November 2019

Malnutrition is a complex issue for India. It is an example of how India is a nation of extremes. Many among the population live in poverty and are not able to obtain as much food as they need.

Assessment of the nutritional status of community clinical examination is one of the first steps in the formation of any public health strategy to overcome malnutrition. Pre-school children undoubtedly are the most crucial segment of our population. Undernutrition is a critical determinant of mortality and morbidity in young children worldwide and it is associated with 45 per cent of all deaths in children under five years of age. The major forms of malnutrition are kwashiorkor (edematous) and marasmus (wasting) with or without associated stunting. In a view to know the nutritional deficiency among the rural children, the present study was conducted to assess the clinical status of preschool children of Auraiya district of Uttar Pradesh. The study involved a total of 100 preschool children. Twenty children selected randomly from each of the 5 villages of Bhagyanagar block of Auraiya district of Uttar Pradesh. The study showed that 58 children fall between 1-3 years of age while 42 children came under the 4-6 year of age. Physical examination results are as presented in Tables 2-6. On the basis of general appearance it was reported that 54 per cent of the children were normal in terms of body weight and 45 per cent were thin and 1% were obese from the village of Bhagyanagar Block of Auraiya district. Sign of Fluorosis namely mottling of enamel in teeth was observed most of the elder children (4-6 years) ie. 27 per cent as compared to the age group of 1-3 years ie, 15 per cent. Anaemia was observed as pale conjunctiva (28%) and Koilnychia (16%). Conjunctival xerosis was found to be very common among younger children group and Bitot’s spot was more common in older children. Magnitude of Anaemia also shows the health status of children. The findings revealed a poor health status of preschool children in the study area. There is also a need of proper food availablity, clean & fresh water and hygiene and sanitation. There is a urgent need for health counselling of the mother/ caretaker to improve the health status of rural preschool children.
Morphobiometry and Ecophysiology of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. (Pequi) in Cerrado Areas of Northeast Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Beatriz da Silva , Ferreira Maria do Amparo , Oliveira Tony César Sousa , Oliveira Maria da Conceição Prado de
Published: November 2019

Many studies have reported that native plant species can contribute to ensuring food security in the world. Among the Brazilian species, the Caryocar coriaceum has a high utility value for the communities in Northeast Brazil but it is under threat due to the degradation of the Cerrado savannah. One way to mitigate threats is to produce large-scale seedlings. Thus, it was attempted to evaluate methods to overcome dormancy of C. coriaceum to increase and standardize germination and to analyze its morphobiometric characteristics. The fruits were weighed, measured and subjected to the selected treatments. Tests were performed to overcome dormancy The fruits were planted at a depth of 5 cm. The results showed that the fruits of C. coriaceum presented asymmetric frequency distribution with high variability for the characteristic of weight. However, a marked variation of the literature data was found. About the germination treatments tested in the laboratory, none was effective in overcoming dormancy, which may be due to the presence of inhibitory substances. Concerning seed planting, a germination index of 35% was recorded after 12 months. The conclusions suggest that there is a high phenotypic variability of the genus in the cerrado and probably the presence of germination inhibitors in seeds of this species, which should be addressed to ensure germination.
Examination of the scientific evidences for off-label use of medications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Matos de Oliveira Gabriela Correia , Magno Baptista Gustavo , Izidorio Lima Elizabel , Vinahes Bittencourt Alcina Maria , Oliveira Andrade Luis Jesuino de
Published: November 2019

Introduction: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be a representation in the liver of insulin resistance or metabolic
syndrome, and is a common cause of chronic hepatitis, which can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there are no
pharmacologic therapies approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and National Health Surveillance Agency of Brazil
(ANVISA) for the NAFLD treatment. Objective: the aim of this study is to assess the evidences for off-label use of medication in NAFLD.
Methodology: a systematic search was made in MEDLINE-PubMed for papers published between January 1990 and December 2017,
addressing the off-label use or unlicensed drugs for NAFLD treatment. An integrative review was conducted and the data analyzed
thematically. Results: of the 3540 studies retrieved, 50 met the inclusion criteria by to contain information about the off-label prescriptions
in NAFLD. In this integrative review of the published literature, off-label treatment of NAFLD was generally associated with good shortterm
and long term outcomes. Conclusions: after analyzing the data, may conclude that literature includes studies that provides scientific
evidence for the off-label drugs use in NAFLD. The evidence of the evaluated studies, suggest that metformin treatment has best effect
on reducing hepatocyte fat deposition with regard to other drugs evaluated. However, randomized, placebo controlled studies should
be performed to confirm this evidence.
Seroepidemiological survey of canine visceral leishmaniasis in a continental island of northeast Brazil
Authors: Monte-Alegre Adriano Figueiredo , Klein Enice Fonseca , Chagas Roseclea , Mota Tiago Feitosa , Magalhães-Junior Jairo Torres , Laranjeira Daniela Farias dos Santos , Barrouin-Melo Stella Maria , Franke Carlos Roberto
Published: November 2019

Introdução: Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) é uma doença endêmica em municípios vizinhos à Ilha de Maré, situada na plataforma continental do município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Entretanto, casos de LV não tem sido notificados nesta Ilha. Objetivo: foi investigar a soroprevalência e sinais clínicos de Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) e identificar a população de flebótomos presentes no povoado de Botelho, Ilha de Maré. Metodologia: Soro de cães locais foram testados para IgG anti-Leishmania por imunoensaios (teste rápido TR DPP™ e Elisa Indireto) e uma investigação entomológica foi conduzida. Resultados: 106 amostras foram testadas, sendo que sete (6,6%) foram positivas usando o teste rápido. As amostras positivas foram encaminhadas ao Laboratório Central da Bahia para a confirmação, entretanto, essas amostras apresentaram resultado negativo no ELISA indireto. Foi identificada a presença de nove exemplares da espécie Pressatia choti, subfamília Phlebotominae, espécie frequentemente encontrada em áreas de transmissão de leishmaniose cutânea no Brasil. Conclusão: Apesar deste trabalho não ter identificado a presença de LVC na Ilha de Maré, novos inquéritos sorológicos e analises entomológicas em uma maior área da ilha de Maré serão necessários para a manutenção de uma vigilância epidemiológico na região insular em destaque.
Prevalência de vaginoses bacterianas em pacientes que realizaram bacterioscopia de secreção vaginal
Authors: Resende Angelina Freire , Santos Rafaela Windy Farias dos , Gaspar Livia Maria do Amorim Costa , Almeida Patricia De Oliveira Santos
Published: November 2019

Introdução: a microbiota da região genital feminina pode sofrer alterações ocasionando patologias, como as vaginoses bacterianas (VB). A VB tem como principal sintoma o corrimento vaginal, de coloração branca ou acinzentada com odor desagradável. Devido as grandes complicações que essa doença ocasiona, como infertilidade, abortamentos e o aumento do risco de adquirir HIV, ela é considerada um grave problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de vaginoses bacterianas em pacientes que realizaram bacterioscopia de secreção vaginal em um laboratório particular de Aracaju, em Sergipe. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo do tipo documental, retrospectivo e transversal, com base na análise dos protocolos de identificação das mulheres que realizaram bacterioscopia de secreção vaginal, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2017. Resultados: foram analisados 434 protocolos, sendo que 80 (18,4%) das amostras foram positivas para VB e 354 (81,6%) negativas. Nas positivas, o agente infeccioso mais prevalente foi a Candida sp. (56,3%), depois Gardnerella vaginallis (35%) e ainda houve coinfeccção (8,7%). Na faixa etária, a prevalência maior foi observada no grupo por menores que 20 anos (9,66%). Dentre os sintomas, o corrimento foi mais frequente (28,75%). No estudo foi descrito utilização do DIU pelas mulheres (1,25%). Conclusão: nota-se um problema de saúde da mulher referente as VB, o qual deve ter um maior controle e regressão da sua prevalência. Faz-se necessário investimentos em políticas públicas, na saúde, voltadas a avaliação dos comportamentos de riscos, afim de promover uma prevenção das infecções vaginais, visando a redução dos agravos.
Whakatauki
Authors: Williams Haare
Published: November 2019

[Poem]
Ka rongo Te PoKa rongo Te AoTe waiata te tui ...
Kāinga
Authors: Hall Alayne
Published: November 2019

This article, which is based on a keynote speech delivered at the 2011 Annual Conference of the New Zealand Association of Psychotherapists, firstly briefly elaborates the concepts, pōrangi, wairangi, haurangi, and kahurangi as significant aspects of psychological functioning, and suggests their importance for psychotherapy. The second part of the article discusses the psychological and social impact that partner and family violence has on Māori women and children in making them seek refuge from their own home — and links this to the broader context of how Māori have been dispossessed and alienated from “home” through colonisation.
Ko tēnei tuhinga, tūāpapa nō te korero matua i te 2011 Hui Wānanga ā-Tau a te Rōpū Kaiwhakaora Hinengaro o Aotearoa, tuatahi, e whakawhānui ake ana i ngā aroro: pōrangi; wairangi; haurangi; me te kahurangi, hai aria tāpua mō te āheinga hinengaro, ā, ka huatau i tō rātou uara nunui mō te mahi hinengaro. Tuarua, e matapaki ana i te hua ki te hinengaro, me te hāpori e pirii nei ki te tūkinotanga whānau, ā, te huatau o ēnei ki ngā wāhine Māori me ngā tamariki e tahuri nei ki te whai whakamarumaru i waho atu i ō rātou kāinga — ka tui atu i tēnei ki te aroro whānui he pēhea i tau ai te rawakoretanga me mōrirorirotanga mai i te whakatomokanga iwi.