bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview of methods to identify the static normal wheel-rail contact
Authors: Stratmann Ina , Goersch Jannik , Schindler Christian
Published: August 2021

Determining the shape and size of a wheel-rail contact area is required to calculate fatigue and wear of wheel and rail. Fatigue and wear are influenced by high pressures of up to 1000 MPa that act on the small contact area of approximately 1 cm². One problem in identifying the contact patch is the inaccessibility of the contact point. Therefore, numerical and experimental methods have been applied to identify the shape and size of the contact area in the static wheel-rail contact. Here, we summarize and compare methods to identify the static wheel-rail contact area, in particular the Hertzian calculation, the use of carbon paper, the use of pressure measurement film, the finite element method, the use of ultrasonic testing, and a semi-Hertzian method called STRIPES. Our review revealed that several methods exist to determine the static wheel-rail contact, which were introduced as well as results of some research projects. However, the partly incomplete description of methods studied impeded a detailed assessment of the results. Furthermore, due to the non-comparable parameters applied in the different studies, it was impossible to contrast the results and methods presented in the different publications. Hence, it is recommended that future results in the field of static wheel-rail contact should be directly contrasted with a detailed finite element model. This proceeding will allow to directly compare different methods on the bases of finite element analysis and thus the identification of a method for each situation.
Economy–energy markets nexus during COVID-19: A dynamic time–frequency analysis
Authors: Mahi Masnun , Khan Shamim Ahmed , Zainuddin Mohammad , Arif Ishtiaque
Published: August 2021

We investigate dynamics between the economic activities and energy markets—both conventional and clean energy markets, with a sample of daily data from 1 January 2020 to 25 November 2020. We perform wavelet-based time–frequency techniques and measure the market volatility with continuous wavelet transforms. Besides, we use wavelet coherency to understand the co-movement of economic activities and energy markets and employ a nonlinear phase-difference technique to understand the time-varying causality between different series. Our continuous wavelet transform results show that all three market indices experience significant volatility in the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) period, notably during the initial period of the outbreak. The market volatilities are comparatively more substantial in the lower frequency band than the upper frequency, while the latter sustained longer in the markets. Moreover, wavelet coherency results show a strong correlation between the economic activity index and both energy market indices; however, the co-movement is significantly higher for the conventional energy market than the clean energy market. We further detect a positive and bi-directional causality between economic activities and energy market indices. Besides providing fresh and time-varying and frequency-varying relationship between global economic activities and the energy markets, which is currently lacking in the existing literature, our study has significant implications for the heterogeneous market participants in terms of improved price prediction accuracy. Furthermore, our findings can aid policymakers in decision making by showing that the dynamics between energy markets and economic activities change even within a short period, and imply that suitable constant policy interventions are necessary to avoid long-term predicament.
The technological obstructions of asylum: Asylum seekers as forced techno-users and governing through disorientation
Authors: Tazzioli Martina
Published: August 2021

This article deals with the technologies and apps that asylum seekers need to navigate as forced hindered techno-users in order to get access to asylum and financial support. With a focus on the Greek refugee system, it discusses the multiple technological intermediations that asylum seekers face when dealing with the cash assistance programme and how asylum seekers are obstructed in accessing asylum and financial support. It explores the widespread disorientation that asylum seekers experience as they navigate un-legible techno-scripts that change over time. The article critically engages with the literature on the securitization and victimization of refugees, and it argues that asylum seekers are not treated exclusively as potential threats or as victims, but also as forced hindered subjects; that is, they are kept in a condition of protracted uncertainty during which they must find out the multiple technological and bureaucratic steps they are requested to comply with. In the final section, the article illustrates how forced technological mediations actually reinforce asylum seekers’ dependence on humanitarian actors and enhance socio-legal precarity.
Brazil’s Maria da Penha Domestic Violence Police Patrols: A Second-Response Innovation in Preventing Revictimization
Authors: Macaulay Fiona
Published: August 2021

This article examines an innovative domestic violence intervention: some 300 “second-response” police patrols set up since 2015 by military police forces and municipal guards in cities around Brazil. They enforce court-issued protection orders by paying repeat visits to women at high risk, referring them to support services, and ensuring abusers stay away. Drawing on interviews with officers who founded or now lead these patrols, and on local-level police data and studies, the article analyzes their origins and modus operandi and evaluates their impacts on victims, abusers, the community, and internal police force culture. Available evidence shows that victims enrolled in these programs are much less likely to suffer repeated assault or feminicide than those who are not. The article examines how this intervention fits with the other elements of local protection networks and compares these patrols with second-response police interventions developed elsewhere.
Advance Care Planning Needs in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kalluri Meena , Orenstein Sara , Archibald Nathan , Pooler Charlotte
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Advance care planning is recommended in chronic respiratory diseases, including Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. In practice, uptake remains low due to patient, physician and system-related factors, including lack of time, training and guidance on timing, components and content of conversations. Our aim was to explore perspectives, experiences and needs to inform a framework.

Methods:

We conducted a qualitative study in western Canada, using semi-structured interviews and inductive analysis. Patient, caregiver and health care professional participants described advance care planning experiences with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Results:

Twenty participants were interviewed individually: 5 patients, 5 caregivers, 5 home care and 5 acute care health care professionals. Two categories, perceptions and recommendations, were identified with themes and subthemes. Participant perceptions were insufficient information and conversations occur late. Recommendations were: have earlier conversations; have open conversations; provide detailed information; and plan for end-of-life. Patients and caregivers wanted honesty, openness and clarity. Professionals related delayed timing to poor end-of-life care and distressing deaths. Home care professionals described comfort with and an engaged approach to advance care planning. Acute care professionals perceived lack of clarity of roles and described personal, patient and caregiver distress.

Interpretation:

Analysis of diverse experiences provided further understanding of advance care planning in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Advance care planning is desired by patients and caregivers early in their illness experience. Health care professionals described a need to clarify role, scope and responsibility. Practical guidance and training must be available to care providers to improve competency and confidence in these conversations.
Education Reform as a Platform to Improve Interactions of the Engineering Students During Online Teaching and Learning at Higher Education Amidst Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Daminda Kuruppu Kuruppu Achchige Dulani
Published: August 2021

The objective of this study was to outline the education reform approaches which could implement during online teaching and learning activities. The approaches consisted with online teaching, online mentoring /student induction programmes, online examinations and online guest lectures/webinars. The approaches practiced, were discussed in activity 1 to 7 in the methodology section. In addition, the outcome assessed using 4Rs model for reflection and PDCA cycle at the results and discussion section. In conclusion, this study showed that the approaches implemented assist to improve the interaction of the students.
The form, rhythm, and orchestration of an academic career: Cultivating and navigating inner compasses within institutional terrains
Authors: Bresler Liora
Published: August 2021

The evolution of research careers is inherent to academic lives but rarely enters the research literature. In this autoethnographic paper, I reflect on composing, orchestrating, and performing my research journey. Shaped by intellectual and aesthetic pursuits, this journey is both experiential and conceptual, responsive to encounters with people and ideas that shaped my thinking and being. At the intersection of micro, macro, and meso contexts, the journey has been guided by inner compasses. While grounded within my own circumstances, the issues addressed in this article underlie academic trajectories. The article is written as an invitation to reflect on your own journeys and compasses; identify crossroads, blockages, and openings; and note evolving forms, changing rhythms, and nuanced orchestrations in the contrapuntal composition of life.
Re-claiming resilience and re-imagining welfare: A response to Angela McRobbie
Authors: Allen Kim
Published: August 2021

Across popular media and political discourse, subjects are increasingly addressed through the language of resilience – called upon to be positive, to show ‘grit, and to ‘bounceback’ from adversity. In her latest book, Feminism and The Politics of Resilience: Essays on Gender, Media and the End of Welfare (2020), Angela McRobbie offers an incisive analysis of the gendered address that this call to resilience takes; teasing out its complex relation to the logics of post-feminism and locating its traction against a backdrop of neoliberal austerity which has disproportionately punished women – and poor, black and brown women especially. In this short piece, I reflect upon the book’s contributions and consider whether the language of resilience, rather than be abandoned, might be reclaimed and repoliticised as part of radical feminist re-imaginings of welfare
Not that old person: Older people’s responses to ageism revealed through digital storytelling
Authors: Bossio Diana , McCosker Anthony , Schleser Max , Davis Hilary , Randjelovic Ivana
Published: August 2021

One of the issues limiting prevention of elder abuse in Australia is lack of a strong evidence base to target social drivers of abuse, particularly ageism. This evidence gap is exacerbated by social discourses that perpetuate negative representations of older age as a time of vulnerability and physical decline, often in opposition to people’s actual experience of ageing. This article presents findings of the ‘OPERA Project’, which used co-designed digital storytelling to explore how ageing and ageism are perceived by older people. The project findings indicated that preventing elder abuse requires discursive intervention to combat negative social discourses representing older people, and to frame social acceptance of the inherent complexity of experiences of ageing. Using a social constructionist approach, this article puts forward a ‘middle path’ through traditional theories of ageing and associated ‘positive ageing’ discourses, which often problematise ageing itself.
Fear of a cannibal island: Colonial fear, everyday life, and event landscapes in the Erromango missions of Vanuatu
Authors: Flexner James L , Taki Jerry
Published: August 2021

Archaeological landscapes of colonial encounter were shaped to varying degrees by mutual mistrust, misunderstanding, anxiety, and the inherent terror of frontier violence. In the mission encounters of Island Melanesia, the colonial trope of “cannibalism” added a particular tinge to these fears of the colonized other. Mythologies of cannibalism both repulsed and motivated Christian missionaries who were led to places such as Erromango in the New Hebrides (now Vanuatu). Cannibalism as a practice was rare or even non-existent in these encounters, but it remained part of the European imaginary of the region. Several highly-publicized missionary martyrdoms on Erromango between 1839–1872 remain important to local social memories enacted in place. At the same time, there is a backdrop of relatively peaceful everyday life for missionary families as revealed by the archaeological record of mission houses. The structural and actual violence perpetrated by Europeans in missions and other colonial encounters are historically and currently underemphasized.
MicroRNA-137-mediated inhibition of lysine-specific demethylase-1 prevents against rheumatoid arthritis in an association with the REST/mTOR axis
Authors: Sun Wei , Zhang Yijun , Wang Guanghui
Published: August 2021

Background

It has been increasingly reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are related to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. This present research was conducted to analyze the functions of miR-137 and the underlying molecular mechanism in RA progression.

Methods

Differentially expressed miRNAs in RA patients were analyzed using microarray-based analyses. Next, experiments involving miR-137 overexpression were performed to analyze the role of miR-137 in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes-RA (HFLS-RA) using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, EdU staining, Transwell assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The function of miR-137 in inflammation was determined using ELISA. The binding relationship between miR-137 and LSD1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP test. Besides, a rat model with RA was established for in vivo experiments.

Results

miR-137 was downregulated in RA tissues and cells, which was negatively correlated with inflammatory factors. Upregulated miR-137 suppressed growth, migration and invasion of HFLS-RA, but promoted apoptosis. Lysine-specific demethylase-1 (LSD1) was a target of miR-137 and could be negatively regulated by miR-137. Moreover, LSD1 could activate REST through demethylation, while the REST/mTOR pathway induced levels of pro-inflammatory factors in RA. We observed the similar results in our in vivo study.

Conclusion

This study suggested that miR-137 reduced LSD1 expression to inhibit the activation of REST/mTOR pathway, thus preventing against inflammation and ameliorating RA development. Our research may offer new insights into treatment of RA.
Analytic Engagement and the Perils of Reframing the Dual- and Single-Process Models Debate
Authors: De Neys Wim
Published: August 2021

In a previous article published in Perspectives, I questioned whether the debate between dual- and single-process models of thinking is empirically tractable and argued that psychological scientists should leave it behind. Dewey (this issue) suggests that by reframing the debate in cognitive-modeling terms, it might become tractable and consequential. More specifically, she proposes that focusing on the question of whether analytic engagement (i.e., the process by which additional resources are allocated to a reasoning problem) is discrete or continuous might allow us to settle the debate. Here I illustrate how this suggestion is likely to face the same tractability problems as the original defining-features approach that it is supposed to replace.
Civic education’s relationship to affective partisan divides later in life
Authors: Clark Christopher H
Published: August 2021

Civic education is often touted as a counterweight to the contentiousness of American politics. Yet, civic education’s relationship to dislike and distrust of opposing partisans (affective polarization) remains largely untested. Simultaneously, there are calls for educators to promote more civic informed action, taking civic education beyond the walls of the classroom. This study utilizes data from a survey of the 2016 election to examine the relationship between individuals’ recalled civic education experiences (classroom pedagogy and community service) and affective polarization. In addition, this study explores two potential moderators of the relationship between civic education and affective polarization, partisan social identity strength and age. Analysis of the sample shows a significant relationship between both types of civic education experience and affective polarization, though the nature of that relationship may depend on respondents’ partisan social identity and age.
Numeral order and the operationalization of the numerical system
Authors: Muñez David , Orrantia Josetxu , Matilla Laura , Sanchez Rosario
Published: August 2021

Recent years have witnessed an increase in research on how numeral ordering skills relate to children’s and adults’ mathematics achievement both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Nonetheless, it remains unknown which core competency numeral ordering tasks measure, which cognitive mechanisms underlie performance on these tasks, and why numeral ordering skills relate to arithmetic and math achievement. In the current study, we focused on the processes underlying decision-making in the numeral order judgement task with triplets to investigate these questions. A drift-diffusion model for two-choice decisions was fit to data from 97 undergraduates. Findings aligned with the hypothesis that numeral ordering skills reflected the operationalization of the numerical system, where small numbers provide more evidence of an ordered response than large numbers. Furthermore, the pattern of findings suggested that arithmetic achievement was associated with the accuracy of the ordinal representations of numbers.
Do somatosensory deficits predict efficacy of neurorehabilitation using neuromuscular electrical stimulation for moderate to severe motor paralysis of the upper limb in chronic stroke?
Authors: Tsuzuki Keita , Kawakami Michiyuki , Nakamura Takuya , Oshima Osamu , Hijikata Nanako , Suda Mabu , Yamada Yuka , Okuyama Kohei , Tsuji Tetsuya
Published: August 2021

Background:

Various neurorehabilitation programs have been developed to promote recovery from motor impairment of upper extremities. However, the response of patients with chronic-phase stroke varies greatly. Prediction of the treatment response is important to provide appropriate and efficient rehabilitation. This study aimed to clarify whether clinical assessments, such as motor impairments and somatosensory deficits, before treatment could predict the treatment response in neurorehabilitation.

Methods:

The data from patients who underwent neurorehabilitation using closed-loop electromyography (EMG)-controlled neuromuscular electrical stimulation were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 66 patients with chronic-phase stroke with moderate to severe paralysis were included. The changes from baseline in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment–Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and the Motor Activity Log-14 (MAL-14) of amount of use (AOU) and quality of movement (QOM) were used to assess treatment response, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using the extracted candidate predictors, such as baseline clinical assessments, to identify predictors of FMA-UE and MAL-14 improvement.

Results:

FMA-UE and MAL-14 scores improved significantly after the intervention (FMA-UE p < 0.01, AOU p < 0.01, QOM p < 0.01). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, tactile sensory ( p = 0.043) and hand function ( p = 0.030) were both identified as significant predictors of FMA-UE improvement, tactile sensory ( p = 0.047) was a significant predictor of AOU improvement, and hand function ( p = 0.026) was a significant predictor of QOM improvement. The regression equations explained 71.2% of the variance in the improvement of FMA-UE, 69.7% of AOU, and 69.7% of QOM.

Conclusion:

Both motor and tactile sensory impairments predict improvement in motor function, tactile sensory impairment predicts improvement in the amount of paralytic hand use, and motor impairment predicts improvement in the quality of paralytic hand use following neurorehabilitation treatment in patients with moderate to severe paralysis in chronic-phase stroke. These findings may help select the appropriate treatment for patients with more severe paralysis and to maximize the treatment effect.
Factors associated with risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide, population-based, case-control study
Authors: Chen Yen-Ju , Liu Shih-Chia , Lai Kuo-Lung , Tang Kuo-Tung , Lin Ching-Heng , Chen Yi-Ming , Tseng Chih-Wei , Chang Yu-Mei , Gotcher Donald F. , Chiou Chuang-Chun , Weng Shao-Jen , Chen Hsin-Hua
Published: August 2021

Objectives:

To investigate factors associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods:

We conducted a nationwide, population-based, case-control study using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database for 2003–2013. From 2004 to 2012, we identified 108,319 newly diagnosed RA patients without previous MACEs, of whom 7,580 patients (7.0%) developed MACEs during follow-up. From these incident RA patients, we included 5,994 MACE cases and 1:4 matched 23,976 non-MACE controls for analysis. The associations of MACEs with comorbidities and use of anti-rheumatic medications within 1 year before the index date were examined using conditional logistic regression analyses.

Results:

Using multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis, the risk of MACE in RA patients was associated with use of golimumab [odd’s ratio (OR), 0.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01-0.67], abatacept (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02–0.93), hydroxychloroquine (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99), methotrexate (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.64–0.81), cyclosporin (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.07–1.91), nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs (NSAIDs) (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.27–1.46), antiplatelet agent (OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 2.31-2.63), hypertension (without anti-hypertensive agents: OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96-1.12; with anti-hypertensive agents: OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.36-1.59), diabetes (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.18-1.37), hyperlipidemia without lipid-lowering agents (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17), ischemic heart disease (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10-1.31), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.23) in the parsimonious model. The risk of MACE in RA patients also increased markedly in participants younger than 65 years with some comorbidities.

Conclusions:

This population-based case-control study revealed that the use of golimumab, abatacept, hydroxychloroquine, and methotrexate were associated with a decreased risk of MACE development in newly diagnosed RA patients, while the use of cyclosporin, NSAIDs, and antiplatelet agents, and comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia without lipid-lowering agent therapy, ischemic heart disease, and COPD, were associated with an increased risk of MACE development in RA patients.
Conspiracy beliefs and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccinations
Authors: Pivetti Monica , Di Battista Silvia , Paleari Francesca Giorgia , Hakoköngäs Eemeli
Published: August 2021

During the coronavirus pandemic, this study aimed to investigate the impact of conspiracy beliefs on Finnish attitudes toward vaccinations in general and COVID-19 vaccinations in particular. This study was a conceptual replication in Finland of a study by Pivetti et al. (2021) . Some 529 Finnish participants responded to a self-report questionnaire during the partial lockdown in Finland in spring 2020. The hypothesized relationships between variables of interest were integrated in a serial multiple mediation model via structural equation modelling. Results showed that endorsing general conspiracy beliefs directly predicted (1) general attitudes toward vaccines and (2) COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, and indirectly predicted (3) attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines via the serial mediation of COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and general attitudes toward vaccines. As for the antecedents of beliefs in conspiracy theories, political orientation and moral purity predicted beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories. Trust in science was inversely related to general conspiracy beliefs. As for the consequences of conspiracy beliefs, COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs directly predicted support for governmental restrictions (negatively) and the perception of informational contamination (positively).
Do ACL Injury Risk Reduction Exercises Reflect Common Injury Mechanisms? A Scoping Review of Injury Prevention Programs
Authors: Dischiavi Steven L. , Wright Alexis A , Heller Rachel A. , Love Claire E. , Salzman Adam J. , Harris Christian A. , Bleakley Chris M.
Published: August 2021

Context:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk reduction programs have become increasingly popular. As ACL injuries continue to reflect high incidence rates, the continued optimization of current risk reduction programs, and the exercises contained within them, is warranted. The exercises must evolve to align with new etiology data, but there is concern that the exercises do not fully reflect the complexity of ACL injury mechanisms. It was outside the scope of this review to address each possible inciting event, rather the effort was directed at the elements more closely associated with the end point of movement during the injury mechanism.

Objective:

To examine if exercises designed to reduce the risk of ACL injury reflect key injury mechanisms: multiplanar movement, single limb stance, trunk and hip dissociative control, and a flight phase.

Data Sources:

A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Medline, EBSCO (CINAHL), SPORTSDiscus, and PEDro databases.

Study Selection:

Eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) randomized controlled trials or prospective cohort studies, (2) male and/or female participants of any age, (3) exercises were targeted interventions to prevent ACL/knee injuries, and (4) individual exercises were listed and adequately detailed and excluded if program was unable to be replicated clinically.

Study Design:

Scoping review.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Data Extraction:

A total of 35 studies were included, and 1019 exercises were extracted for analysis.

Results:

The average Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template score was 11 (range, 0-14). The majority of exercises involved bilateral weightbearing (n = 418 of 1019; 41.0%), followed by single limb (n = 345 of 1019; 33.9%) and nonweightbearing (n = 256 of 1019; 25.1%). Only 20% of exercises incorporated more than 1 plane of movement, and the majority of exercises had sagittal plane dominance. Although 50% of exercises incorporated a flight phase, only half of these also involved single-leg weightbearing. Just 16% of exercises incorporated trunk and hip dissociation, and these were rarely combined with other key exercise elements. Only 13% of exercises challenged more than 2 key elements, and only 1% incorporated all 4 elements (multiplanar movements, single limb stance, trunk and hip dissociation, flight phase) simultaneously.

Conclusion:

Many risk reduction exercises do not reflect the task-specific elements identified within ACL injury mechanisms. Addressing the underrepresentation of key elements (eg, trunk and hip dissociation, multiplanar movements) may optimize risk reduction in future trials.
The Impact of Instagram Mommy Blogger Content on the Perceived Self-Efficacy of Mothers
Authors: Germic Eloise R. , Eckert Stine , Vultee Fred
Published: August 2021

The prominence of social media in contemporary life has led more mothers to search for parenting information through various Internet and social media channels. The following study examines the impact that Instagram mommy blog content has on the perceived parenting skill of the typical American mother. In this experiment, participants were exposed to one of two types of Instagram motherhood blogger content. The first type of content did not address the struggles of motherhood (referred to as an “alpha-mom” blogger content), while the second type of content (referred to as a “realistic” blogger content) did. After reviewing the content, participants will be asked a series of Likert-type scale questions to gauge their perceived parenting skill. We hypothesized that participants who were exposed to the “alpha-mom” content would have a lower belief in their own parenting skill than those who were exposed to content from the “realistic” blogger. The hypothesis was not supported. However, we did find that participants who received some of their parenting information from Internet sources had a lower belief in their parenting skill than participants who did not receive their parenting information from online sources, regardless of the content to which they were exposed.
Hearts and Minds: Honors Programs in North American Christian Institutions
Authors: Bratt Kenneth
Published: August 2021

For readers of this journal outside North America, the very concept of “honors education” may be confusing (since the word honours features in British and Commonwealth degree titles) or obscure (bringing to mind associations with aristocratic privilege or elitist competition). But in the United States the development of honors programs in colleges, and later honors colleges within universities, has been an important and growing trend of the last fifty years. Intended to recruit students of high intellectual aptitude, to serve their special needs, and to raise the academic profile of the host institution, honors programs have proliferated from a handful in the 1940s to more than 600, as catalogued in the most recent edition of Peterson's Guide to Honors Programs and Colleges (Digby, 2005). Even though the phrase “honors education” may have a peculiarly North American ring, the issues raised for those who teach highly talented university students are the same for Christian educators around the world, and very little has been published on the topic. With these essays we aim to identify some of the issues that are particularly relevant to Christian higher education for “honors” students, to explore how different theological traditions offer different pedagogical resources for teaching the gifted, and to describe some successful paradigms for cultivating hearts and minds toward service in the kingdom of God.
I Want Some Freedom for My People: Baptists, Great Texts, and Honors Education
Authors: Mitchell Philip
Published: August 2021

I thought the Baptists had finally given up and become Methodist. We Methodists are heart people. Baptists have no hearts at all. Instead Baptists have the Bible which they use as a club to beat one another into submission. In this respect, I am on the side of the Baptists…. Hopefully Baptists are just too mean (and I mean that as a compliment) to make the mistakes the Methodists have made. (Hauerwas, 2007, pp. 110–111)

The true liberty of man is to know, obey, and enjoy his Creator and to do all the good unto, and enjoy the happiness with and in, his fellow-creatures that he is capable of…. To love ourselves, and truly to seek our own welfare, is both liberty and our indispensable duty. But the conceit that man could advance either his honor or happiness by disobedience instead of obedience was first injected by the father of lies, and all such conceits ever since are as false as he is. (Backus, 1773)
Patient Satisfaction Using a Home-Based Rehabilitation Protocol for the Non-Surgical Treatment of Proximal Humeral Fractures: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Aguado Héctor J. , Ventura-Wichner Paula S. , Perez-Hickman Laura , Polo-Pérez Isabel , Alonso-Olmo Juan A. , Bragado María , Pereda-Manso Adela , Martínez-Zarzuela Mario , García-Virto Virginia , Simón-Pérez Clarisa , Barajas Emilio J. , Martín-Ferrero Miguel A.
Published: August 2021

Supervised, center-based, daily physiotherapy presents limitations: transport, need for an accompanying person, or risk of infection. Home-based rehabilitation protocols (HBRP) can be effective alternatives. We use a HBRP for the non-surgically treated proximal humeral fractures (PHF) in older patients.

Objectives

To assess patient satisfaction and preferences of using a booklet, videos, or an app to guide physiotherapy.

Patients and methods

Prospective, single-center observational study of patients ≥55 years old who sustained a non-surgically treated PHF. The HBRP consisted of immediate mobilization, followed by 5 physiotherapist-guided, weekly sessions of rehabilitation and standard physiotherapy after 3 months, if needed. A booklet with images, videos, or a smartphone application were offered to guide the patients.

Results

Mean degree of satisfaction (1-5) was 4.66 ± .9: 84 patients (82.4%) were very satisfied, 11 patients (10.8%) were satisfied, and 5 patients (4.9%) were not satisfied at all. Mean Oxford Shoulder Score achieved was 40.5 ± 6.6. 59.8% patients preferred the booklet and 29.4% the videos. Exercise compliance was considered very high in 87.3% of patients, while 4% hardly never followed the HBRP. Only 17.7% patients needed center-based physiotherapy after the HBRP.

Discussion

Reasons for satisfaction were good final functional outcome, no need for transportation, being away from hospital, immediate rehabilitation availability and being capable of maintaining independence. Adherence is a major concern. Videos are more didactic explaining the exercises.

Conclusion

If standard physiotherapy is not available, the HBRP can be a valid treatment option for PHF management in older patients, with a high degree of patient satisfaction. Older patients preferred the booklet to guide physiotherapy.
Academic Resilience Among Black Male College Students Formerly in Foster Care: Implications for School Counselors
Authors: Johnson Royel M.
Published: August 2021

Drawing on qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews with 11 academically successful Black male college students formerly in foster care, the purpose of this study was to explore and identify protective factors that have contributed to their academic resilience. More specifically, this study sought to identify the environmental resources and supports that have helped mitigate against school failure and enabled educational success. The two major findings relate to the role and importance of having an extensive support network and the significance of participating in independent living programs, which served as protective factors for participants in this study. This article presents implications for school counseling practice.
The Role of High School Counselors in Increasing Latino Male College Enrollment: Moving From College Aspirations to Access
Authors: Ryu Wonsun , Burmicky Jorge , Sáenz Victor B. , Viramontes José R. Del Real , Aguayo Rodrigo , Segovia Jorge
Published: August 2021

Even as the number of Latina/o students going to college has increased in recent years, Latino male students continue to face barriers in accessing America’s institutions of higher education, a topic that remains complex and understudied. Using national survey data from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, we sought to understand the role of high school counselors in increasing Latino male college enrollment. Results suggest that Latino male college enrollment increased when high school counselors provided a higher degree of financial aid preparation. We discuss implications for practice tailored to high school counselors.
“He Wanted Everybody to Succeed”: Black Males, Relational Trust, and School Counseling
Authors: Brooms Derrick R.
Published: August 2021

Based on qualitative interviews with 20 college-aged Black males who graduated from one single-sex public charter school, this study investigated how students made meaning from their secondary school experiences and college preparation. Using relational trust as the theoretical framework, I looked specifically at the students’ perceptions and relationships with their school counselor. Findings revealed that the school counselor’s investment in students helped them see and envision their possibilities, increased their access to critical postsecondary information and opportunities, and enhanced their motivations and aspirations toward college success. This article discusses recommendations for future research and practical suggestions for school counselors.
School–Family–Community Partnerships for Educational Success and Equity for Black Male Students
Authors: Griffin Dana , Williams Joseph M. , Bryan Julia
Published: August 2021

Throughout the past decade, scholars have argued that the persistent achievement gap between Black male students and their White peers is a result of unequal and inadequate educational opportunities instead of inherent differences in their capability or character. School counselors can help support Black males by using equity-focused school–family–community partnerships that provide a strong network of support, resources, and increased educational opportunities—all of which contribute to positive academic outcomes and help eliminate barriers caused by systemic racism. In this article, we apply a step-by-step partnership process model to a case in which a school counselor used partnerships to advocate for Black students facing racism and educational inequities in a school district.
Bystander Affiliation Influences Intervention Behavior: A Virtual Reality Study
Authors: Rovira Aitor , Southern Richard , Swapp David , Campbell Claire , Zhang Jian J. , Levine Mark , Slater Mel
Published: August 2021

Traditional work on bystander intervention in violent emergencies has found that the larger the group, the less the chance that any individual will intervene. Here, we tested the impact on helping behavior of the affiliation of the bystanders with respect to the participants. We recruited 40 male supporters of the U.K. Arsenal football club for a two-factor between groups study with 10 participants per group. Each participant spoke with a virtual human Arsenal supporter (V), the scenario displayed in a virtual reality system. During this conversation, another virtual character (P), not an Arsenal fan, verbally abused V for being an Arsenal fan leading eventually to physical pushing. There was a group of three virtual bystanders who were all either Arsenal supporters indicated by their shirts, or football fans wearing unbranded shirts. These bystanders either encouraged the participant to intervene or dissuaded him. We recorded the number of times that participants intervened to help V during the aggression. We found that participants were more likely to intervene when the bystanders were out-group with respect to the participant. By comparing levels of intervention with a “baseline” study (identical except for the presence of bystanders), we conclude that the presence of in-group bystanders decreases helping. We argue therefore that, other things being equal, diffusion of responsibility is more likely to be overcome when participant and victim share group membership, but bystanders do not. Our findings help to develop understanding of how diffusion of responsibility works by combining elements of both the bystander effect and the social identity approach to bystander behavior.
The Future of TV and Online Video Platforms: A Study on Predictors of Use and Interaction with Content in the Egyptian Evolving Telecomm, Media & Entertainment Industries
Authors: Allam Rasha , Dinana Hesham
Published: August 2021

This study examines the future of TV and online video platforms in the evolving Egyptian market through using the predictors of use and interaction. Built on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, and the theory of technology discontinuities and platforms development, this study extends its framework to explore the relationship between the intention of use and the interaction with content behavior. A sample size of 396 university students answered the survey questions. Unlike other studies, the study found that the perceived ease of use (PEU) is the only variable that is positively correlated to the intention to use online video platforms, yet it shows a significant positive relationship between consumer characteristics (including instrumental orientation [IO], perceived behavioral control [PBC], online flow experience [FLOW]) and intention to use online video platforms. Results show that people are watching less TV, yet the low disposable income might be a serious challenge toward the growth of video platforms. This study offers valuable indicators about changing consumer behavior in the research-weak transitional Egyptian media system.
Socio-educational contexts of Gāokǎo exam: A qualitative retrospective study of how gāokǎo is perceived by successful exam-takers
Authors: Gierczyk Marcin , Diao Rui
Published: August 2021

The Gaokao exam is still a hot topic in contemporary Chinese society designed to select people for the country by testing their knowledge of specific exam subjects. People from all walks of life have different attitudes and understandings towards it. The purpose of this study was to examine how do Chinese female students from Top Universities in China perceive the gāokǎo exam by using a semi-structured, in-depth interview (N = 5) and an open-ended interview questionnaire (N = 7). The findings suggest that an evaluative dichotomy can characterize the exam itself and exam preparation period. Although initially this time was seen in terms of immense sacrifice and was highly intense, positive attitudes to the Gaokao exam dominated, and the exam was considered a relatively fair and equitable selection method. It should be borne in mind that this study does not attempt to be globally representative. However, we do trust that the findings will have a universal appeal to educational communities.
Teaching and learning of Chinese students in the UK
Authors: van Noort Carolijn
Published: August 2021

Education partnerships between the United Kingdom (UK) and China continue to evolve. It is worthwhile reflecting on how teaching and learning of Chinese students in the UK has been functioning, and how it can be improved. This study focuses on short-term continuing professional development (CPD) courses taken by professional student cohorts from China in British Higher Education, and explores the application of constructivist learning approaches in regard to teaching and learning. This study suggests three forms of teaching adaptations as a response to- and accommodation of the short duration of the training programs, the seniority of the delegates, and the delegations’ expectations to learn fixed knowledge. Despite teachers’ willingness to adapt and acculturate CPD courses, divergent educational cultures influence the teaching process and students’ learning and experiences. The changing student body in UK Higher Education calls for more university-level attention and sharing of effective practices.
Visualizing the Expanding Space of Consecration in American Sociology, 1980–2020
Authors: Wilson Nicholas Hoover , Mayrl Damon
Published: August 2021

This visualization explores changes in the scope and dynamics of consecration within American sociology by examining awards granted to members of the American Sociological Association’s (ASA) constituent sections. Consecration is important because it signals quality to nonspecialists, boosts intellectual careers, and can be a crucial vector introducing various forms of inequality. We show that with ASA sections, the number of awards, multiple award winners, and honorable mentions has grown dramatically, especially since 2010, and that this has occurred even as the number of ASA sections has remained constant and overall ASA membership has declined.
Empowering Flight Exercise: Teaching Students the Design, Underlying Processes, and Organizational Outcomes of Empowering Work Systems
Authors: Gardner Timothy M. , Romney Alexander C.
Published: August 2021

Employee empowerment yields positive outcomes for employees, managers, and organizations. Yet, too many employees feel disempowered at work, and managers, while wanting to empower employees, often do not know how. Contributing to this state of affairs is the lack of published, high-fidelity exercises explicitly designed to instruct students on how empowerment “feels,” how empowerment “works,” and how to practically empower others. In this article, we outline a 90-minute face-to-face classroom exercise that integrates the structural and psychological empowerment perspectives enabling students to “feel” empowerment or disempowerment and see the productivity and quality benefits of an empowered workforce, and teaches students how to empower others at work. While participating in the exercise, students simulate working in an airplane manufacturing organization, working either in an empowered work environment or a traditional hierarchical work environment. The exercise provides instructors with an important classroom tool to instruct students about the importance of empowerment, trust, and performance in organizational life.
A Common Manifestation With an Uncommon Diagnosis: Intractable Deep Vein Thrombosis due to IVC Agenesis in a Young Woman
Authors: Erok Berrin , Win Nu Nu , Agolli Elidor , Olcay Ayhan
Published: August 2021

Inferior vena cava agenesis (IVCA) is a rare entitiy wherein many patients remain clinically silent and are found incidentally on radiological imaging studiesas a result of the compensatory enlargements of many collateral veins to maintain venous return. However, IVCA may also be diagnosed following serious acute complications, particularly unprovoked proximal iliofemoral deep vein thromboses (DVT) in young individuals. Herein, we report a 25-year old postpartum female patient presented with acute swelling on the right lower extremity and diagnosed with IVCA following acute occlusive iliofemoral DVTs.We aimed to emphasize the importance of radiological evaluation and management of these patients with some considerations out of routine practice.