bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O fonema /r/ e as alterações do sistema estomatognático, idade, gênero e gravidade no desvio fonológico
Authors: Marini Caroline , Brancalioni Ana Rita , Gubiani Marileda Barichello , Freitas Giséli Pereira de , Keske-Soares Márcia , Cechella Cláudio
Published: February 2017

OBJETIVO: Comparar a produção do fonema /r/ em crianças com desvio fonológico (DF), e as alterações no sistema estomatognático (SEG) considerando as variáveis de idade, gênero e gravidade do DF. Métodos: A amostra constituiu-se de 113 crianças com DF e alterações do SEG, de ambos os gêneros, e idades entre 4 anos e 8 anos e 11 meses, divididos em dois grupos, considerando a faixa etária: pré-escolar (4 anos a 5 anos e 11 meses) e escolar (6 anos a 8 anos e 11 meses). Realizou-se Avaliação Fonológica da Criança e avaliação do SEG. A amostra foi dividida, quanto à gravidade do DF, em dois grupos, Graus mais Graves (GG) e Graus mais Leves (GL). Quanto ao sistema fonológico (SF), a mesma foi dividida em GI: /r/ estabelecido; e GII: /r/ não estabelecido. Os dados coletados foram tabulados, analisados e, posteriormente, submetidos a tratamento estatístico. RESULTADOS: Não foi observada diferença na postura, tonicidade e mobilidade de língua, lábios e bochechas, bem como nas estruturas e funções do SEG entre GI e GII. O GI obteve melhor desempenho apenas na vibração de língua. Verificou-se relação entre a aquisição do fonema /r/ e o aumento da idade, não havendo correlação com o gênero. Ainda, os GG de DF são mais frequentes no GII, e os GL no GI. CONCLUSÃO: Não há relação entre as alterações do SF e das estruturas e funções do SEG em crianças com DF, havendo relação deste apenas com a idade das mesmas.
Fones de inserção: aplicação no colabamento de meato acústico externo
Authors: Marangoni Andréa Tortosa , Scharlach Renata Coelho , Silveira Marcela Rosana Maia da , Calais Lucila Leal , Gil Daniela
Published: February 2017

OBJETIVO: Determinar a eficácia dos fones de inserção em casos de suspeita de colabamento de meato acústico externo. MÉTODOS: Vinte e um idosos com intervalo aéreo-ósseo superior a 10 dBNA nas frequências de 3 kHz e/ou 4 kHz foram submetidos à anamne se, audiometria tonal liminar, logoaudiometria e imitanciometria. A audiometria tonal e a logoaudiometria foram realizadas com os fones supra-aurais e com fones de inserção. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que os limiares auditivos por via aérea obtidos com os fones de inserção foram menores em todas as frequências com exceção de 1 kHz. O intervalo aéreo-ósseo também foi menor com o fone de inserção, havendo um acoplamento aéreo-ósseo com este transdutor. CONCLUSÃO: Os fones de inserção ER-3A possibilitam melhora significativa nos limiares de audibilidade por via aérea em idosos, diminuindo ou até eliminando o intervalo aéreo-ósseo, sobretudo nas frequências altas, nos casos de colabamento do meato acústico externo.
Avaliação de intervenção educativa sobre aleitamento materno dirigida a agentes comunitários de saúde
Authors: Machado Maria Cristina Heinzle da Silva , Oliveira Juliana da Silva , Parada Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima , Venâncio Sonia Isoyama , Tonete Vera Lúcia Pamplona , Carvalhaes Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite
Published: February 2017

OBJETIVOS: avaliar ação educativa visando à capacitação de agentes comunitários de saúde em promoção e apoio ao aleitamento materno. MÉTODOS: estudo do processo e adequação de intervenção, com comparação de conhecimentos e práticas de 54 agentes, antes e dois meses após a ação. A intervenção, quatro oficinas teórico-práticas com oito horas cada, fundamentou-se em princípios da Educação Crítico-Reflexiva e em dois cursos de capacitação de equipes de maternidade. Os resultados foram expressos pelas diferenças dos escores médios de conhecimentos, práticas e total, adotando-se p<0,05 como nível crítico. RESULTADOS: houve aumento do escore médio de conhecimentos (21,0 para 26,6; p<0,001) e de escores de conhecimentos classificados como bons (37,0% para 88,8%, p<0,001). Não houve mudanças no escore de participação dos agentes em específicas ações de saúde, como grupos. O efeito da intervenção mais apontado pelos agentes foi "sentir-se mais aceito e em melhores condições de participar da equipe multiprofissional em situações envolvendo cuidados com crianças". Mais da metade relatou melhora na qualidade e quantidade das orientações prestadas nas visitas domiciliarias. CONCLUSÕES: a intervenção tem efeitos positivos sobre conhecimentos e a prática dos agentes junto às famílias, mas não promove aumento da sua participação em específicas ações de saúde.
Retos para la educación y profesión contable derivados de una armonización mundial liderada por el IASC: la nueva estrategia europea de armonización contable como modelo para otras áreas económicas
Authors: Benau María Antonia García , Grima Ana Zorio
Published: February 2017

En este trabajo presentamos un juicio crítico de las importantes decisiones que la Comisión Europea ha adoptado a lo largo del pasado año 2000, con miras a implantar definitivamente una estrategia sobre armonización contable. Consideramos que este trabajo es de especial importancia en el contexto de esta Conferencia Internacional, dado que muchos organismos mundiales a favor de la armonización contable, han puesto sus ojos en el modelo de la Unión Europea y en cierto sentido el área económica europea es un peso fundamental para contrarrestar la fuerza de los Estados Unidos, respaldados por sus mercados de capitales, de cara al debate de armonización contable internacional. Dada la actualidad y relevancia de estos cambios en el proceso regulador, creemos necesario profundizar en sus orígenes y poner de manifiesto sus importantes implicaciones, tanto para el ámbito profesional, esto es, de las propias empresas y la propia profesión de la auditoría, así como para el plano regulador y la esfera académica. Las NIC, "esas grandes desconocidas", están ya a la vuelta de la esquina. Se impone, pues, comenzar a considerar el cambio de base de presentación de la información financiera y los retos que plantea para cada uno de los ámbitos directamente afectados.
Uma avaliação do nível de evidenciação das companhias abertas, no Brasil, no tocante aos instrumentos financeiros
Authors: Costa Junior Jorge Vieira da
Published: February 2017

O propósito deste trabalho é o de levantar o quadro atual da política de evidenciação de instrumentos financeiros por parte das companhias abertas no Brasil, através de suas demonstrações contábeis (data base de 31.12.2000). Uma pesquisa junto a 215 companhias abertas foi levada a efeito visando a avaliar se a divulgação de fatores de risco de mercado e de sua gestão foi feita adequadamente (de forma qualitativa e quantitativa), se as estratégias dispensadas ao uso dos instrumentos financeiros foram adequadamente reveladas, se foram computados e revelados os valores justos dos instrumentos financeiros, enfim, se os ditames da Instrução CVM nº 235/95, de 23.03.95, foram observados rigorosamente pelas companhias abertas. O resultado da pesquisa indicou que as companhias abertas no Brasil, não prestam informações adequadas em suas demonstrações contábeis, no que concerne aos instrumentos financeiros.
Evidências da globalização na educação contábil: estudo das grades curriculares dos cursos de graduação em universidades brasileiras e portuguesas
Authors: Riccio Edson Luiz , Sakata Marici Cristine Gramacho
Published: February 2017

A formação dos contadores tem sido uma preocupação constante dos organismos internacionais de contabilidade como o IFAC - International Federation of Accountants e o IASB - International Accounting Standards Board, bem como da ONU - Organização das Nações Unidas, por meio de setores como o ISAR - Intergovernmental Working Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting/ UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Por sua vez, as instituições de ensino contábil dos diversos países são estimuladas a adequar-se às mudanças provocadas pela globalização, Assim, entende-se que quanto maior a similaridade entre o currículo adotado por um certo país e o currículo internacional, maior será a evidência de harmonização na educação contábil desse país, Para efeito de comparação, os autores consideram que a proposta feita pelo ISAR/UNCTAD/ONU de um Curriculum Mundial (CM) é a que contém a estrutura conceituai ideal ou os blocos de conhecimentos a serem ministrados pelas universidades em suas grades curriculares de Contabilidade. O estudo compara o resultado da análise de 25 Universidades Brasileiras e 25 Portuguesas em relação ao CM, Analisando-se o posicionamento em relação ao CM, percebe-se que o Bloco de Conhecimentos Administrativos e Organizacionais - tanto do Brasil como de Portugal - é o que apresentou maior aproximação. O que mais se distanciou foi o bloco de conhecimentos gerais. Outra característica notada nos resultados é a quantidade ainda baixa de disciplinas de Tecnologia de Informação na maioria das grades curriculares.
Apuração e evidenciação dos resultados das instituições de ensino superior com certificado de entidade beneficente de assistência social
Authors: Lima Emanoel Marcos , Pereira Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir com o aperfeiçoamento das informações contábeis para a gestão das Instituições de Ensino Superior com Certificado de Entidade Beneficente de Assistência Social - IESCEBAS, por meio da proposição de um modelo para apuração e evidenciação do resultado com o Certificado de Entidade Beneficente de Assistência Social. Os gestores, o governo e a sociedade necessitam de informações úteis e confiáveis sobre os resultados com o CEBAS para tomada de decisões. Porém, conforme se constatou por meio de pesquisa de campo e pela análise das demonstrações contábeis de algumas instituições, a prática adotada e a norma editada pelo Conselho Federal de Contabilidade não são adequadas para fornecer informações sobre os resultados com o certificado. A partir desta constatação e à luz de conceitos da teoria contábil, propõe-se um modelo de apuração e evidenciação dos resultados com o certificado das IESCEBAS, de modo a subsidiar os gestores, o governo e a sociedade em suas decisões. Ao final, analisam-se os resultados da aplicação do modelo ao caso real de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior.
Hedge, redução de volatilidade dos lucros e o efeito sobre o imposto de renda das companhias abertas brasileiras
Authors: Lameira Valdir de Jesus , Figueiredo Antônio Carlos , Ness Jr Walter Lee
Published: February 2017

Neste artigo, procurou-se identificar se as companhias abertas brasileiras teriam conseguido benefícios fiscais ao fazer hedge, fato esse derivado de uma expectativa de queda da sua carga tributária (Imposto de Renda a pagar). Com esse objetivo, inicialmente pesquisou-se em que situações have-ria possibilidade de geração desse benefício. Após essa revisão, foram estudadas situações em que a companhia tivesse grande volatilidade de seus resultados e os efeitos que o hedge traria no valor do I.R. a ser pago. Assim, pôde-se mensurar o efeito do resultado do hedge na carga tributária dessas companhias nesse período, simulando uma situação teórica para melhor evidenciarem-se os efeitos resultantes dessa prática. Posteriormente, utilizouse uma regressão linear múltipla para relacionar o valor do imposto de renda pago por companhias abertas brasileiras no ano de 2003 com os valores de hedge em 2002 e 2003 e os prejuízos acumulados em 2002. Os resultados são fundamentados em vasta bibliografia referente ao assunto.
Estudo experimental do movimento de partículas carregadas em campos elétricos e magnéticos: seletor de velocidades
Authors: Carlin N. , Szanto E.M. , Jorge F.O. , Seale W.A. , Souza F.A.
Published: February 2017

Neste trabalho é apresentado um experimento incluído no contexto de experimentos longos adotado nas disciplinas experimentais de eletricidade, magnetismo e óptica, e consiste na caracterização de um seletor de velocidades que funciona com campos elétricos e magnéticos cruzados. Utiliza-se um tubo de raios catódicos para gerar um feixe de elétrons. As placas de deflexão vertical do tubo geram o campo elétrico e um par de bobinas, com os eixos perpendiculares ao eixo do tubo, gera o campo magnético. São realizados estudos de trajetória dos elétrons com auxílio de um programa de simulação de elétrons.
Análise unidimensional de transdutores piezelétricos baseada no teorema de Thévenin
Authors: Arnold Francisco J
Published: February 2017

Neste trabalho é apresentado um método de análise de transdutores piezelétricos baseado numa simplificação do circuito elétrico equivalente de Mason. Empregou-se uma adaptação do teorema de Thévenin para analisar o comportamento de transdutores piezelétricos usados como transmissores (conversão de energia elétrica em mecânica), levando em conta uma configuração tipicamente empregada em aplicações de alta potência. Os transdutores foram modelados uni-dimensionalmente considerando-se apenas modos de vibração longitudinais. Um circuito elétrico equivalente foi obtido e simulado computacionalmente. Os resultados experimentais e os calculados pelo modelo elétrico apresentaram bom ajuste. Aspectos referentes à simplificação do modelo empregado e sua viabilidade para ensino são discutidos.
Reinvention of Publishers´ Revenue Model - Expectations of Advertisers towards Publishers´ Products
Authors: Dennstedt Bianca , Koller Hans
Published: February 2017

Publishers struggle to generate profit. With the introduction of digital content this situation even got worse. While there are millions of digital readers, the loss of revenue streams from selling content to customers is enormous. Publishers really have to turn towards a new business model. As shown in previous studies users expect digitalization and the enhancement of magazines from printed products to digital offers including user generated content (UGC) and platforms for discussions. Publishers have reacted to these new demands and provided new products and features. Nevertheless, users are less and less willing to pay for digital content. Therefore, important remaining questions are: How can publishers earn money? And what is the profit formula of this new business model? We assume that advertising companies are going to play a prominent role in the new business model. Hence, this paper focuses on the profit formula of publishers and therefore the expectations of advertisers. To underline those assumptions the present study explores advertisers´ interest in communities of readers who simultaneously contribute to discussions in order to derive implications for the revenue model of publishers. Therefore (1) a pre-study was conducted followed by (2) qualitative interviews with managers from advertising companies. Our findings show that both using communities as a tool for customer research and the direct interaction with users are of value to advertisers. The results also present other possible services that publishers could offer advertisers in conjunction with addressing those communities of contributing readers. Referring to the widespread term “User Generated Content” as well as to Eric v. Hippels concept of users with specific application knowledge in their field of expertise we call those contributing readers “user”.
Clinico pathological study of cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: Melkundi Renuka S. , Melkundi Sateesh
Published: February 2017

Background: This study was carried out with a broad objective of assessing relative diagnostic efficacy of the clinical evaluation, fine needle aspiration biopsy and open biopsy. The objective was to study the confirmatory diagnosis of the underlying pathological variants, the incidence of the malignancies, presenting with cervical lymphadenitis and also to diagnose various etiologies of cervical lymphadenitis in all age groups.

Methods: Patients attending the ENT and surgery OPD of BTGH and General hospital, Gulbarga, of all age groups and both genders having the neck swelling for more than three weeks were subjected for the study.

Results: This study has shown that the incidence of tubercular lymphadenitis is more in the age group of 1st and 2nd decade and in low socioeconomic status while secondaries are more common in the elderly age group. 

Conclusions:  From this study it can be concluded that in cervical lymphadenopathy clinical evaluation followed by  FNAC is most  reliable diagnostic tool, which is  easy to perform, cost effective, speedy results can be obtained and accurate. The main requirement for this is the specialist input.
Effect of sodium hypochlorite on typical biofilms formed in drinking water distribution systems
Authors: Lin Huirong , Zhu Xuan , Wang Yuxin , Yu Xin
Published: February 2017

Human health and biological safety problems resulting from urban drinking water pipe network biofilms pollution have attracted wide concern. Despite the inclusion of residual chlorine in drinking water distribution systems supplies, the bacterium is a recalcitrant human pathogen capable of forming biofilms on pipe walls and causing health risks. Typical drinking water bacterial biofilms and their response to different concentrations of chlorination was monitored. The results showed that the four bacteria all formed single biofilms susceptible to sodium hypochlorite. After 30 min disinfection, biomass and cultivability decreased with increasing concentration of disinfectant but then increased in high disinfectant doses. PMA-qPCR results indicated that it resulted in little cellular damage. Flow cytometry analysis showed that with increasing doses of disinfectant, the numbers of clusters increased and the sizes of clusters decreased. Under high disinfectant treatment, EPS was depleted by disinfectant and about 0.5–1 mg/L of residual chlorine seemed to be appropriate for drinking water treatment. This research provides an insight into the EPS protection to biofilms. Resistance of biofilms against high levels of chlorine has implications for the delivery of drinking water.
Судинно-реологічні властивості крові при геморагічному васкуліті, що розпочався у дитячому та дорослому віці
Authors: Gerasymenko V.V. , Yegudina E.D. , Chernyshova O.E. , Syniachenko O.V.
Published: February 2017

Актуальність. Внаслідок імунних запально-некротичних змін у стінках артеріол і капілярів у хворих на геморагічний васкуліт (ГВ) Шенлейна — Геноха виникає ендотеліальна дисфункція судин, що сприяє порушенням реологічних властивостей крові та процесів мікроциркуляції. Ці чинники залежать від віку пацієнтів, а у випадках початку захворювання в дитячому та дорослому віці залишаються невідомими. Мета дослідження: вивчити судинно-реологічні властивості сироватки крові при ГВ і зіставити показники в групах хворих із різним їх віком у дебюті патологічного процесу. Матеріали та методи. Під спостереженням перебувало 174 хворих на ГВ (83 % чоловіків і 17 % жінок). У 92 пацієнтів захворювання дебютувало в дитячому віці (в середньому в 12 років), а у 82 — у дорослому (у 25 років). І, ІІ і ІІІ ступені активності патологічного процесу встановлено у співвідношенні 1 : 2 : 2. Показники ендотеліальної функції судин досліджували імуноферментним методом, а адсорбційно-реологічні властивості крові — методом комп’ютерної тензіометрії. Результати. ГВ супроводжується вираженими порушеннями судинно-реологічних властивостей крові, які беруть участь в патогенетичних побудовах ураження шкіри (ендотелін-1, поверхневий натяг), суглобів (тільки поверхнева активність), нирок (простациклін, циклічний гуанозинмонофосфат) і серця (ендотелін-1, модуль в’язкоеластичності), причому на інтегральні показники ендотеліальної функції судин, в’язкопружних, поверхнево-активних і релаксаційних характеристик сироватки чинять вплив вік пацієнтів на початку хвороби, ступінь активності патологічного процесу, клінічна форма перебігу захворювання, некротично-виразковий і поліморфний варіанти шкірного васкуліту, а ГВ, що трансформувався з ювенільного, перебігає з меншим рівнем в крові ендотеліну-1, але з більшими концентраціями тромбо­ксану А2, циклічного гуанозинмонофосфату й показником поверхневої в’язкості. Висновки. Існують особливості змін судинно-реологічних властивостей сироватки крові при ГВ, який почався в дитячому та дорослому віці, що відрізняє ці групи хворих і за деякими ланками патогенезу захворювання.
Вплив альтерації гомеостазу глюкози на водно-електролітний баланс та кислотно-основний стан у пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом
Authors: Ivaniushko O.V.
Published: February 2017

Незважаючи на успіхи в терапії цукрового діабету, частота виникнення ускладнень, зокрема порушення водно-електролітного та кислотно-основного стану, останніми роками не зменшилась. Цікаво відмітити той факт, що клінічні прояви такого грізного ускладнення, як діабетичний кетоацидоз, уперше описав Дрешфельд у 1886 році. Відтоді і до початку застосування інсуліну (в 1922 р.) смертність від цього ускладнення сягала 100 %. Широке впровадження в практику інсулінотерапії знизило смертність до 30 %, а з удосконаленням методів лікування, зокрема інфузійної терапії, відбулось подальше її зниження. На сьогодні рівень летальності пацієнтів із порушеннями водно-електролітного та кислотно-основного стану залишається високим (близько 5 % у спеціалізованих центрах). Тільки в США щорічно від цього ускладнення помирає близько 4000 хворих на цукровий діабет. Прогноз перебігу захворювання значно погіршується з віком, при розвитку коми та артеріальної гіпотензії. Поширеність цукрового діабету стрімко зростає і на сьогодні становить від 20 до 50 % випадків вперше виявленого захворювання в молодих людей. Порушення електролітів є частими в пацієнтів із даною патологією і можуть бути результатом зміненого розподілу електролітів, пов’язаного з індукованою гіперглікемією осмотичних зрушень рідини, або загального дефіциту, спричиненого осмотичним діурезом. Ускладнення від пошкодження органів-мішеней і методи лікування цукрового діабету можуть також сприяти електролітним порушенням. Порушення регуляції гомеостазу глюкози призводить до великої кількості прямих і непрямих впливів на електролітний і кислотно-основний баланс, оскільки велика поширеність діабету гарантує, що лікарі практично кожної спеціальності мають справу з пацієнтами, хворими на цукровий діабет, а знання, пов’язані зі змінами електролітів, є необхідними. У статті розглянуто, як впливають зміни гомеостазу глюкози при цукровому діабеті на водно-електролітний баланс та кислотно-основний стан пацієнта.
Клінічна ефективність застосування піперациліну/тазобактаму в лікуванні інфекційно-запальних уражень сечовивідної системи у дорослих
Authors: Samburg Ya.Yu. , Vlasenko O.M. , Magdalits T.I. , Butikova O.O.
Published: February 2017

Робота присвячена оцінці ефективності та безпечності комбінації піперациліну/­тазобактаму, її впливу на клініко-лабораторні прояви та перебіг неускладненого гострого пієлонефриту та загострення хронічного пієлонефриту зі збереженою функцією нирок у дорослих. В дослідження були включені 36 пацієнтів з інфекцією сечових шляхів. Усім пацієнтам проводились дослідження мікробіологічного спектра сечі з його кількісною оцінкою та стандартні лабораторні дослідження. Були виявлені етіологічно значущі збудники пієлонефриту (E.сoli — у 56 % хворих, E.faecalis — у 14 %, Klebsiella pneumoniае — в 11 %) з високою чутливістю до піпераціліну/тазобактаму та резистентністю до ко-тримоксазолу і цефтріаксону. На третю добу лікування відмічено вірогідне зниження гіпертермії (р < 0,05), вираженості дизуричних явищ (р < 0,05) та інтенсивності больових відчуттів (р < 0,05), лейкоцитурії (р < 0,05). На шосту добу від початку лікування показники лейкоцитурії відповідали референтним значенням локальної лабораторії (р < 0,01). Отримані результати довели високу клінічну ефективність та безпечність застосування піперациліну/тазобактаму в дозі 12/1,5 г на добу у пацієнтів з неускладненим перебігом гострого або загостренням хронічного пієлонефриту.
Вплив моніторингу внутрішньочерепного тиску в пацієнтів після видалення гліальних пухлин зі значним мас-ефектом та дислокаційним синдромом
Authors: Ilchyshyn O.Ya. , Dizhak Ya.I.
Published: February 2017

У статті наведено випадки успішного лікування злоякісного набряку-набухання головного мозку в ранньому післяопераційному періоді після видалення пухлин головного мозку, коли спостерігалось пролабування мозкової речовини в трепанаційне вікно. Інтенсивна протинабрякова терапія проводилася під контролем внутрішньочерепного тиску, який вимірювали через встановлений субдуральний катетер. Пропонований метод є доступним для відділень інтенсивної терапії, які забезпечені стандартними поліфункціональними моніторами.
Probabilidade para os anos iniciais: de um estudo sobre significados atribuídos por alunos dos anos iniciais à elaboração de uma proposta
Authors: Sobczak Anne Heloíse Coltro Ste lmastchuk , Vianna Carlos Roberto , Rolkouski Emerson
Published: February 2017

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre as respostas de alunos, dos anos iniciais, de escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Curitiba em atividades envolvendo aspectos do conteúdo de Probabilidade. Descrevem-se alguns significados que os estudantes deste nível de ensino atribuem às probabilidades quando questionados sobre seu uso em problemas escolares. A partir da análise empreendida são apresentadas algumas propostas do material de formação do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa como possibilidades para superar equívocos evidenciados nas produções dos alunos.
Os notáveis do Instituto de Educação: professores catedráticos do curso Normal nos anos 1950-60
Authors: Lopes Sonia Castro
Published: February 2017

Este artigo focaliza as trajetórias dos professores catedráticos Vicente Tapajós (1917-1998) e Evanildo Bechara (1928), referenciados pelas ex-alunas como “notáveis” e que compuseram o corpo docente do Instituto de Educação em uma época identificada como o período áureo da instituição. Resultados dessa investigação apontam para a hierarquização do corpo docente do Instituto a partir de critérios que contemplam o nível de formação desses professores, a forma de acesso à carreira, a valorização social das disciplinas ministradas, as redes de sociabilidade nas quais estavam envolvidos, além do volume e alcance das obras didáticas produzidas.
On veracity in corporate sustainability claims: why society should be cautious
Authors: Ngwakwe Collins C , Netswera Fulu G.
Published: February 2017

This paper rethinks the veracity in corporate sustainability claims and highlights the need for societal caution in relying on sustainability claims. The paper adopts an opinionated approach but uses existing literature to argue that, whilst genuine corporate sustainability may exist, there may be some pockets of pretentious sustainability claims. Consequently, the paper cautions that false corporate sustainability presents danger to society in that it may prevent societal alertness against corporate unsustainability; these hazards include the danger of obscured escalation of carbon emission, with associated climate change impacts and entrenched socio-economic inequity that may escalate poverty. It concludes by proposing that regulatory agencies should adopt a ‘behind-the-scene’ strategy (beyond paid sustainability assurers) to authenticate corporate claims of sustainability.
Planned change and service quality in a health care environment: assessing outcomes
Authors: Ntsatsi Lisebo , Parumasur Sanjana Brijball
Published: February 2017

This study assesses the outcomes of a process of planned change undertaken in a health care hospital environment in Lesotho in terms of service quality. A sample of 143 clinical and non-clinical employees from three of the largest regional hospitals within the Ministry of Health in Lesotho was drawn using cluster sampling. Data was collected using an adapted version of SERVQUAL whose psychometric properties were statistically determined. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate that the process of transformation significantly contributed to all the sub-dimensions of service quality (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy) except the process before restructuring which did not contribute to responsiveness, assurance and empathy respectively. Furthermore, all the sub-dimensions of the process of transformation significantly impact on the different sub-dimensions of service quality, although not optimally
Enhancing the corporate performance through system dynamics modelling
Authors: Sahay Mridula , Kumar Kuldeep
Published: February 2017

The aim of the current study is to improve the performance of corporate through application of System Dynamics (SD) methodology. The paper discusses the importance of system dynamics modelling in enhancing corporate performance and how it shows the dynamic behaviour of the system. For this purpose a system dynamics model for an Indian Steel company has been prepared. The paper also covers a brief introduction of the system dynamics modelling, a brief narration of Steel Sector and the process adopted in modelling. Some of the important corporate performance parameters such as market share, revenue, employee’s strength, number of shareholders, installed capacity have been taken to reflect corporate behaviour. The behaviour of these performance parameters over time is used for both validation of the model as well as for reflecting their future pattern. The paper concludes that the SD modelling approach has high potential in understanding corporate performance behaviour and their by gaining insight into the corporate functioning and taking appropriate remedial steps for improving its performance.
Does CEO make a better acquisition decision after SOX?
Authors: Yang Minhua
Published: February 2017

We examine whether the changes in corporate governance lead to a better acquisition decision. SOX greatly improve the corporate governance which should reduce the non-value-maximizing behavior of acquiring managers. We find a significant increase in acquirer returns after the passage of SOX. We also find that CEOs with strong managerial power are more likely to receive more restricted stock in their compensation package after the 2002 reforms. Finally, I find a significant positive relation between the restricted stock compensation of acquiring firm CEOs and abnormal stock returns after 2002. This provides empirical support on the effectiveness of the shift away from options towards restricted stock in executive compensation packages. Restricted stock is associated with better merger decisions.
Is Russia restructuring?
Authors: Broadman Harry G. , Recanatini Francesca
Published: February 2017

This paper explores the dynamics of enterprise restructuring in Russia since 1996 using newly available firm-level data from official sources and from original individual business case studies carried out in Russia’s regions. We assess empirically how the patterns of job creation and destruction are related to various aspects of enterprise restructuring across firms in different sectors and regions, and with different ownership forms, size, vintage, and performance characteristics. Our case-study evidence - based on more than 70 business visits - suggests that job destruction has taken place, but in some sectors and regions only to a limited degree, in large part due to institutional and incentive constraints and a still-widespread “socialist” corporate culture. The case studies also indicate job creation has materialized, particularly in sectors where the import-substitution effects of the 1998 ruble devaluation have been most pronounced. This case-study evidence is complemented by analysis of data provided by Goskomstat covering approximately 128,000 enterprises across 24 industrial sectors in all of the country’s 89 regions for 1996-1999. These data suggest that in the aggregate the typical Russian firm has experienced only modest downsizing - about 12 percent - in terms of number of employees. We also find evidence of particular sectors where there has been new entry by smaller firms and exit by larger, mature businesses. Except for a lull in 1998, there has been a steady increase in the rate of job creation; at the same time, job destruction rates have been declining, with a substantial drop in the 1998-99 periods. Employment shifts between regions have steadily increased over time, but across sectors and firm ownership types, employment shifts are “u-shaped”, with a pronounced decline in 1998. Firm size is found to be statistically correlated positively) with profitability; yet restructuring through changes in net employment growth does not appear to be related statistically to profitability. This suggests that there are efficiency improvements needed in Russia’s restructuring process.
Corporate governance is directors making decisions: reforming the outward foundations for inside decision making
Authors: Useem Michael
Published: February 2017

If companies do have the right directors and practices in place, they will benefit from board leadership along with executive leadership. Great leadership is required of the top management team, but it is equally essential from those who are ultimately responsible for the team and the fate of the firm. Good decisions premised on strategic thinking and followed by timely execution will give the board what it needs to give the investors what they deserve.
Listing status, family firm and the cost of bank loan financing.
Authors: Lin Wan-Ying
Published: February 2017

This research examines the impact of firm’s listing status on the relationship between corporate governance and cost of bank loans. The analysis yields four major findings after controlling for firm characteristics and prime interest rate. First, the financing cost of debt is higher for private firms. This result confirms that information risk is higher for private firms. Second, family firms enjoy lower cost of debt. The result found is consistent with the literature that family firms are related to a lower cost of debt financing. Third, that family firms having lower cost of debt is only found in listed firms. This evidence supports the prediction based on the lack of market perspective which suggests that the family effect requires a capital market to make it substantiate. Finally, strong corporate governance helps reduce financing cost of debt. However, these governance effects are not affected by the listing status. In other words, commercial lenders in this study price indifferently for good governance mechanisms regardless of public or private firms.
Corporate cash holdings and their implications on firm value in family and founder firms
Authors: Lau James , Block Joern H.
Published: February 2017

This research investigates whether the presence of controlling founders and families has significant impact on the level of cash holdings, and their implications on firm value. The agency cost of cash holdings in founder firms is arguably less severe than family firms, due to founders’ economic incentives, strong psychological commitment and superior knowledge, whereas family firms are exposed to adverse selection and moral hazard as a result of altruism. Results indicate that founder firms hold a significantly higher level of cash holdings than family firms. In addition, there is a positive interaction effect between founder management and cash holdings on firm value, suggesting the presence of founders as managers helps to mitigate the agency costs of cash holdings.
Profitability and efficiency of cucumber production among smallholder farmers in Oyo state, Nigeria
Authors: Adeoye Iyabo , Balogun Olubunmi
Published: February 2017

Cucumber is one of the most important exotic vegetables in Nigeria. Its
profile is rising due to widespread knowledge of its inherent health
benefits. To sustain the availability of the crop in order to meet increasing
demand, there is the need to enhance its productivity. Crop productivity
depends on the efficient use of both material and human resources utilized in
the production process. This study therefore examined profitability and
efficiency of cucumber production in Iseyin local government area of Oyo
state. Primary data on socioeconomic characteristics of farmers, input and
output quantity and prices were collected from 73 cucumber farmers and
analyzed using descriptive statistics, budgetary technique and stochastic
frontier. Majority of the farmers were male (96.7%) with average age of 46.4
years. An average of 17.1 years of farming experience cut across both gender
groups. The average hectare was 1.5 with average yield of 5,368 kg/ha.
Budgetary analysis revealed that net profit of N=239,440/ha, profit margin
percentage of 55.8% and returns on every naira invested of 1.26 were
obtained. This is an indication that cucumber production is profitable in the
study area. The result of the stochastic frontier indicated that farm size
and volume of agrochemical used significantly influenced cucumber production.
Age, education status of farmers and access to credit were the significant
factors determining technical efficiency of the farmers in the study area.
Mean technical efficiency of production was 0.68. The study recommends
capacity building for farmers on an appropriate combination of resources.
Recent Developments in Polyurethane Foams Containing Low-Cost and Pro-Ecological Modifiers
Authors:   Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland, Kosmela Paulina , Zedler Lukasz ,   Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland, Formela Krzysztof ,   Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland, Haponiuk Jozef ,   Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland,   NovaPUR Sp. z o.o., Piszczyk Lukasz ,   Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland,   NovaPUR Sp. z o.o.
Published: February 2017

Diversity of the polyurethane (PU) foams applications cause that investigation of the relationships between their structure and properties is currently very popular topic among the many research institutions and companies. At the turn of the last years many scientific papers about PU foams and their composites were published. The one of the main trends in research in this field is related to the reduction of production costs of PU foams. This aim can be successfully achieved through the incorporation of raw materials of natural origin or the utilization of waste materials. This work reviews the progress and recent developments in area of PU foams containing low-cost and pro-ecological modifiers, such as crude glycerol, liquefied biomass, ground tire rubber, etc.
Synthesis and Properties of Oligomers with Hydroxy End-Groups
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, S. Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Ivashkiv Ostap , Namiesnik Jacek ,   Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza St., 80233 Gdansk, Poland, Shyshchak Olena ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, S. Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Polyuzhyn Igor ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, S. Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Bratychak Michael ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12, S. Bandera St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: February 2017

Methods of oligomers (polymers) with hydroxy end-groups obtaining are examined. The synthesis of hydroxy-containing oligomers based on epoxy resins is of special attention. The molecules of mentioned oligomers apart from free primary and secondary hydroxy groups contain epoxy, peroxy, carboxy or acrylic groups.
Ascorbic Acid in Polyurethane Systems for Tissue Engineering
Authors:   Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland, Kucinska-Lipka Justyna , Janik Helena ,   Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland, Gubanska Iga ,   Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Published: February 2017

The introduction of the paper was devoted to the main items of tissue engineering (TE) and the way of porous structure obtaining as scaffolds. Furthermore, the significant role of the scaffold design in TE was described. It was shown, that properly designed polyurethanes (PURs) find application in TE due to the proper physicochemical, mechanical and biological properties. Then the use of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) in PUR systems for TE was described. L-AA has been applied in this area due to its suitable biological characteristics and antioxidative properties. Moreover, L-AA influences tissue regeneration due to improving collagen synthesis, which is a primary component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Modification of PUR with L-AA leads to the materials with higher biocompatibility and such system is promising for TE applications.
Designing Institutions and Mechanisms for the Implementation and Enforcement of the Constitution: Changing Perspectives in Africa
Authors: Fombad Charles Manga
Published: February 2017

Until fairly recently, the issue of constitutional implementation has surprisingly received little attention both in constitutional theory and practice. Yet it is a crucial aspect of constitutional effectiveness. Without a carefully thought-out strategy for implementing and enforcing a constitution, its practical effectiveness in promoting constitutionalism, respect for the rule of law, and good governance may be quite limited. The Kenyan 2010 Constitution provides a backdrop against which this article examines certain critical issues in designing institutions and mechanisms for ensuring that a constitution is properly implemented and enforced.

The article starts by briefly considering the importance of and challenges in implementing and enforcing constitutions. It then uses the evidence from recent developments in constitution-making to identify some of the core constitutional implementation and enforcement institutions. The article then looks at the Kenyan example which, in Africa, presently provides the best example of a carefully thought-out and well-designed constitutional implementation strategy. Based on this, the article then considers some of the key elements in designing an effective constitutional implementation framework. In concluding, the article argues that incorporating and entrenching effective constitutional implementation mechanisms must be made one of the top priorities in designing constitutions. Furthermore, designing any constitutional institution to oversee, supervise, and monitor the implementation of the constitution must also now be recognised as one of the critical elements for entrenching constitutionalism and respect for the rule of law.
Le strigile en Gaule, objet utilitaire et vecteur de romanité : l’exemple du strigile de la villa des Champs-de-Choisy à Charny (Seine-et-Marne)
Authors: Mallet Franck , Pilon Fabien
Published: February 2017

A Roman villa, built during the Augustan period and occupied until the first years of the 4th century A. D., was discovered during an excavation at Charny •les Champs-de-Choisy” (Seine-et-Marne) in 2004. The numerous finds from the ditches of the first enclosure include a limestone anthropomorphic bust, a fragmentary stela and a damask strigil. The presence of this artefact raises a number of questions about the site, as there seems to have been no public baths in the area until the second half of the 1st century A. D. However the associated finds give a fair idea of the symbolism of this type of artefact and provide new evidence concerning the Roman status of the villa’s landowners.
Identification et répartition des espèces françaises d'Ischnomera (Coleoptera Oedemeridae)
Authors: Allemand Roland
Published: February 2017

Clé d'identification illustrée et répartition des cinq espèces françaises d 'Ischnomera. Les deux espèces confondues jusqu'à présent sous le nom de caerulea (caerulea L. s. str. et cyanea F.) ont chacune une large distribution géographique qui recouvre la majeure partie de la France continentale.
Trendi pretokov rek jadranskega povodja v Sloveniji brez Posočja // Discharge trends of the Adriatic Sea basin rivers in Slovenia, excluding the Soča river basin
Authors: Kovačič Gregor
Published: February 2017

V prispevku so obravnavani trendi značilnih letnih in mesečnih pretokov rek jadranskega povodja v Sloveniji brez Posočja. Z uporabo Senovega naklona smo potrdili statistično značilne trende: zmanjševanje skupne letne višine padavin 36–61 mm/desetletje, naraščanje povprečne letne temperature zraka 0,32–0,34 oC/desetletje ter povečevanje skupne letne višine izhlapevanja 29–49 mm/desetletje. Omenjeni dejavniki podnebnih sprememb vplivajo na zmanjševanje srednjih letnih pretokov Rižane, Badaševice, Drnice, Dragonje in Reke na vodomerni postaji Cerkvenikov mlin. Padajoči trend je statistično značilen zgolj za Rižano (480 l/s na desetletje) in Dragonjo (160 l/s na desetletje). Naraščajoča trenda srednjega letnega pretoka Reke na vodomerni postaji Trnovo (360 l/s na desetletje) in Bistrice (60 l/s na desetletje) nista statistično značilna.The article deals with trends in characteristic annual and monthly discharges of the Adriatic Sea basin rivers in Slovenia, excluding the Soča river basin. Using the non-parametric Sen’s slope test, statistically significant trends were determined for: i) decreasing annual precipitation (36–61 mm per decade); ii) increasing mean annual air temperature (0.32–0.34oC per decade); and iii) increasing annual evapotranspiration (29-49 mm per decade). These climate change factors are reflected in decreasing mean annual discharges of the Rižana, Badaševica, Drnica, Dragonja and Reka (the Cerkvenikov mlin gauging station) rivers. The decreasing trend is statistically significant only for the Rižana (480 l/s per decade) and the Dragonja (160 l/s per decade) rivers. The increasing trends in the mean annual discharge of the Reka river at the Trnovo gauging station (360 l/s per decade) and of the Bistrica river (60 l/s per decade) are not statistically significant.
Regulation of Balance After Spinning: A Comparison Between Figure Skaters and Controls
Authors: Baker Cadence M , Barkwell Gordon E
Published: February 2017

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to compare the balance performance of control subjects and varsity figure skaters after spinning on a turntable for 6 seconds. It was hypothesized figure skaters would demonstrate better balance control after spinning. Methods: 9 female figure skaters and 9 female control subjects stood as still as possible for 15 seconds on a Kistler force plate during both a control condition and after spinning for 6 seconds on a turntable. Balance performance was quantified by the percentage of total time the center of pressure (CoP) was within a 5mm radius of the center of their base of support (BoS). Results: In the control condition, figure skaters and control participants did not have significantly different balance ability. In the post-spin condition, figure skaters were significantly better at maintaining their CoP within a smaller area. Conclusions: These results are valuable from a training and coaching perspective because they suggest that balance performance after spinning can be improved with training.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 10, No. 1
Authors: Sun Sherry
Published: February 2017

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2017