bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary care for deaf people with mental health problems
Authors: Levine Jack
Published: June 2014

There are approximately 10 million people in the UK who have some form of hearing loss, and the prevalence of mental health problems among deaf people appears to be significantly higher compared with the wider population. Deaf people find it harder to establish good relationships with health professionals and, sadly, many of the issues arise from discrimination and practical obstacles faced within the healthcare system. Some of these issues include a lack of awareness, funding, and prioritisation within the wider political and healthcare agenda. This article provides an overview of the background of hearing loss and mental ill health, policy and current access to mental health services for deaf people, what has changed and recommendations for the future.
ADHD: service models and psychosocial interventions
Authors: Ryan Norreen
Published: June 2014

Noreen Ryan explores service models and psychosocial interventions with children, adolescents and their families with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
New dental nursing certificate in endodontics
Authors: Tomson Rachel
Published: June 2014

A certificate in endodontic nursing has been needed for a long time. Not only for increasing knowledge and chairside skills in endodontic nursing but also for recognition of nurses who assist endodontists or general dentists with a special interest in endodontics
Neonatal death, drugs, strokes
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: June 2014

JOURNALS WATCH

In-depth analysis of the latest research. Compiled by Mark Greener
Australian foster carers’ negotiations of intimacy with agency workers, birth families and children
Authors: Riggs Damien W
Published: May 2014

This article seeks to examine what are argued to be a particular set of non-normative relationships between Australian foster carers, the children in their care, the children’s birth parents, and agency workers who act as legal guardians for children who are removed from their birth parents. Eightyfive Australian foster carers participated in interviews on the topic of foster family life. Coding of responses to questions related to agency workers, abuse allegations and birth parents suggested a novel topic of ‘intimacy’ in regards to foster carers’ experiences of these three areas. Findings indicate three key themes within the overarching focus on intimacy: (a) the impact of abuse allegations on foster family intimacy, (b) the intimate presence of birth families and (c) what are termed ‘awkward intimacies’ with agency workers. While such intimacies may be viewed as non-normative, they nonetheless would appear to play a formative role in interactions between all parties, and thus warrant ongoing attention.
Cognitive grounding for cross-cultural commercial communication
Authors: Pérez Hernández Lorena
Published: June 2014

Internationally recognized brands are an increasingly essential asset for present-day companies. This paper takes a cognitive perspective on the semantics of commercial brands (and their related logos), and explores the role of image schemas in endowing them with a cross-culturally significant core meaning. Two surveys were carried out among speakers of four different languages (i.e., English, Spanish, Chinese, and Arabic) in relation to the logos of several car categories (minis, family cars, 4 × 4s, and sports cars) and a limited set of image schemas (CONTAINER, FORCE, and ATTRIBUTE). The analysis of the results reveals a consistent correlation between the participants' semantic interpretation of the car brands, and the basic meanings deriving from the image schemas included in their logos. The outcome of the surveys also points to the existence of potential constraints on the universal reach of image-schematic-based communication. These limitations emerge either from the combination of image schemas with additional idealized cultural models, or from the use of specific richer configurations of the image-schematic visual cues at work. In this connection, the present study explores the inventory of visual configurations available for the representation of the image schemas under scrutiny, assesses their universal significance, and raises awareness about differences in the cross-cultural communicative effectiveness of the various layouts of a given image-schematic cue.
Solvothermal and ionothermal syntheses and structures of amine- and/or (poly-)chalcogenide coordinated metal complexes
Authors: Thiele Günther , Santner Silke , Donsbach Carsten , Assmann Maik , Müller Marcus , Dehnen Stefanie
Published: June 2014

A series of five compounds, namely [Ba(trien)2]3[SbSe4]2·trien
(1) (trien=diethylenetriamine), [(Se3)Cr(en)2(Se2)Cr(en)2(Se3)]2
(2) (en=ethylenediamine), [(pren)3 Eu(Te3)2 Eu(pren)3] (3) (pren=1,3-diaminopropane), [(en)4 Ba(pren)Ba(en)4](Te3)2
(4) and [enH]4[Sn2 Se6] (5), which illustrate the transition of classical polychalcogenides to metalates, are presented, where mixed amine/(poly-)chalcogenide interaction with metal centers are in the focus of interest. A conventional aminothermal synthesis is discussed in comparison with ionothermal approaches. The compounds are considered useful precursors to study in situ interconversion of selenido- and telluridometalates under ionothermal conditions.
Metabolic syndrome: is equine disease comparable to what we know in humans?
Authors: Ertelt Antonia , Barton Ann-Kristin , Schmitz Robert R , Gehlen Heidrun
Published: June 2014

This review summarizes similarities and differences between the metabolic syndromes in humans and equines, concerning the anatomy, symptoms, and pathophysiological mechanisms. In particular, it discusses the structure and distribution of adipose tissue and its specific metabolic pathways. Furthermore, this article provides insights and focuses on issues concerning laminitis in horses and cardiovascular diseases in humans, as well as their overlap.
Ciliated Foregut Cyst of the Gallbladder. A Diagnostic Challenge and Management Quandary
Authors: Giakoustidis Alexandros , Morrison Dawn , Thillainayagam Andrew , Stamp Gordon , Mahadevan Vishy , Mudan Satvinder
Published: June 2014

Ciliated foregut cysts are rare anomalies due to aberrant embryological development. Only a small number of gallbladder ciliated foregut cysts have been reported. We report the case of a 29-year-old woman presenting with epigastric pain associated with diarrhoea and vomiting, who was found to have raised serum bilirubin levels and abnormal liver function tests. Following a diagnostic pathway including abdominal ultrasound, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound the gallbladder cyst was provisionally diagnosed to be a cyst arising from the cystic duct or a duplicated gallbladder. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy was carried out and histopathology identified a ciliated foregut gallbladder cyst. The postoperative course was uneventful. In this report we offer what we believe to be an optimal diagnostic pathway and therapeutic strategy for this rare congenital cyst.
Autoimmune Pancreatitis – Diagnosis, Management and Longterm Follow-up
Authors: Chatterjee Suvadip , Oppong Kofi W. , Scott John S. , Jones Dave E. , Charnley Richard M. , Manas Derek M. , Jaques Bryon C. , White Steve A. , French Jeremy J. , Sen Gourab S. , Haugk Beate , Nayar Manu K.
Published: June 2014

Background & Aims: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a fibroinflammatory condition affecting the pancreas and could present as a multisystem disorder. Diagnosis and management can pose a diagnostic challenge in certain groups of patients. We report our experience of managing this condition in a tertiary pancreaticobiliary centre in the North East of England.Methods: Patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database of patients diagnosed with AIP between 2005 and 2013. Diagnosis of definite/probable AIP was based on the revised HISORt criteria. When indicated, patients were treated with steroids and relapses were treated with azathioprine. All patients have been followed up to date.Results: Twenty-two patients were diagnosed with AIP during this period. All patients had pancreatic protocol CT performed while some patients had either MR or EUS as part of the work up. Fourteen out of 22 (64%) had an elevated IgG4 level (mean: 10.9 g/L; range 3.4 - 31 g/L). Four (18%) patients underwent surgery. Extrapancreatic involvement was seen in 15 (68%) patients, with biliary involvement being the commonest. Nineteen (86%) were treated with steroids and five (23%) required further immunosuppression for treatment of relapses. The mean follow up period was 36.94 months (range 7 - 94).Conclusion: Autoimmune pancreatitis is being increasingly recognized in the British population. Extrapancreatic involvement, particularly extrahepatic biliary involvement seems to be a frequent feature.Diagnosis should be based on accepted criteria as this significantly reduces the chances of overlooking malignancy. Awareness of this relatively rare condition and a multi-disciplinary team approach will help us to diagnose and treat this condition more efiectively thereby reducing unnecessary interventions.
The Structure and Use of Mosques in Indonesian Islam: The Case of Medan, North Sumatra
Authors: Federspiel Howard M.
Published: June 2014

The mosque has an important position in Islam and Muslim lives. Prophet Muhammad, especially after the migration to Medina, to build a mosque as a center of worship and social activities of Muslims. This paper examines the existence, role and use of mosques in Indonesia, with a case study in Medan, capital of North Sumatra province. Through studies on these aspects, can be seen standing mosque in the contemporary period.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i3.800
Maṣlaḥah and Its Application in Indonesia Fatwā
Authors: Nasution Khoiruddin
Published: June 2014

Many experts of classical Malay literature argues that Persian influence is known very well to the traditional Malay literature. This is evident from a number of Malay literary texts are very popular, such as Saga Bakhtiar, Hikayat Amir Hamzah, Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiyah and a thousand books is a known problem that some sort of adaptation or even a direct translation of Persian texts.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v3i4.793
Learning from lslam: Advocacy of Reproductive Rights in lndonesia Pesantren
Authors: Mas'udi Masdar F. , Sciortino Rosalia , Marcoes Lies
Published: June 2014

Articles written based on the experience of training in this field aims to build awareness of a method that can explain the relationship between religion and reproductive rights of women. Some of the key themes in this article seeks to reexamine the validity of Islamic texts concerning women's rights, the ideological assumptions behind the interpretation of the text, as well as how to build their awareness of the methods of the sexual rights of women.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v4i2.781
Mawqif Nahdat al-'Ulamā' min Ḥarakat al- Tabshīr al-Masīhī bi Indūnīsīyā
Authors: Nursamad Nursamad
Published: June 2014

Islam as a religion is to be critical of religion two predecessors, both to Jews and Christians. However, according to NU, the Islamic view of Christianity is more positive than the views about Jews. That's because the Jewish religion is seen in relationship with God has strayed too far. A positive attitude of Islam towards Christianity, according to NU, can be seen in the statement of the Koran that praises that among Christians there are monks and priests who are not arrogant. But NU deplore the ways and practices of Christianization in Indonesia are judged contrary to the positive attitude of Islam towards ChristianityDOI: 10.15408/sdi.v4i3.774
Targeting of a magnetic bionanomaterial to HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells using a galactose terminated lipid
Authors: Booth Andrew , Coxon Thomas P. , Gough Julie E. , Webb Simon J.
Published: June 2014

Magnetic nanoparticle-vesicle aggregates (MNPVs), a controlled release nanostructure, have been enhanced with the inclusion of a novel galactose terminated lipid for cell targeting. Quartz crystal microgravimetry with dissipation (QCM-D) demonstrated that the galactose headgroup was available to bindErythrina Crista-gallilectin (ECL) when the lipid was incorporated into a lipid bilayer. Similarly, UV-visible spectrophotometry indicated that ECL recognized the galactose headgroup in vesicles, leading to vesicle adhesion and aggregation. Finally, confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to assess the galactose-mediated interaction of both vesicles and MNPVs with HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells expressing the asialoglycoprotein (ASGPR) galactose receptor.
Magneto-optic Response of Functionalized vs. Uncoated Fe2O3 (Maghemite) Nanoparticles
Authors: Syed Maarij , Foulkes Thomas , Guenin Erwann , Motte Laurence
Published: June 2014

Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted a lot of interest due to their many potential applications in areas including optoelectronics, magneto-optics, high density data storage, etc. In particular, iron oxides (Fe3O4 and γ –Fe2O3) are also well suited for biomedical applications [1]. We have investigated Faraday Rotation (FR) response for two types of Fe2O3 NPs (in aqueous suspension) that are of the same average diameter (10 nm) but differ in one important respect; one group consists of uncoated particles whereas the other group is functionalized with caffeic acid. This system is being investigated and characterized for use in tumor imaging applications. Faraday rotation (FR) refers to the rotation of the polarization vector of a light beam as it passes through a sample in the presence of a magnetic field. FR can reveal interesting material properties such as saturation magnetization and wavelength dependent Verdet constant of the material under investigation. The latter is a measure of the magnetically induced birefringence of the material. Typically FR setups rely on AC or DC magnetic fields. While these are valuable techniques with their own advantages, this work focuses on a pulsed field setup that can reveal dynamic information about the resulting magnetization, as the magnetic response of the sample is measured in the presence of short intense fields on the order of 0.6 Tesla and lasting approximately 100 milliseconds. All experiments are carried out at excitation wavelength of 633 nm (He-Ne wavelength).

The two NP samples show very different response to the field pulses. The NP systems investigated in this work show very unique short term and long term behavior revealing various time scales of interest. These unique characteristic times for the functionalized vs. uncoated particles provide valuable clues about the magnetization response of the NP and its relationship to the detailed structure of the NPs (core vs. shell). Magnetic response from these systems persists long after the magnetic field pulse has subsided. This can be related to the relaxation modes (Néel vs. Brownian) and as possible evidence of NP size dispersion. Additionally, the possibility of agglomeration is also discussed. While more detailed quantitative analysis will be dealt with in a more comprehensive publication that is under preparation, we hope to show in this preliminary report both that the AC and pulsed FR measurements can reveal complimentary information and that FR in general can be a reliable technique, which can be used to develop a detailed picture of the magnetic response of these NP systems.
Nanotubes and nanoparticles based 3D scaffolds for the construction of high performance Biosensors
Authors: Singh Meenakshi , Holzinger Michael , Tabrizian Maryam , Cosnier Serge
Published: June 2014

3D scaffolds with different pore sizes, using single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and nanoparticles of different size were constructed. Biotinylated glucose oxidase (GOX-B) and anti-cholera toxin (anti-CT) were immobilized onto the one and two level nanoscaffolds, functionalized with pyrene-β-cyclodextrin for the construction of glucose based enzyme sensors and immunosensors, respectively. For enzyme sensors, highest current density and sensitivity (41.72 μA cm-2, 3 mA M-1 cm-2) were obtained with two level scaffolds made with 100 nm nanoparticles. In contrast to this, for immunosensors, highest current density and sensitivity (11.71 μA cm-2, 116.2 μA M-1 cm-2) were obtained with two level scaffolds made with 500 nm nanoparticles, indicating that the pore sizes can be adjusted using different size of nanoparticles for the respective applications.
Inquérito de Saúde em Comunidades Quilombolas de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil (Projeto COMQUISTA): aspectos metodológicos e análise descritiva
Authors: Bezerra Vanessa Moraes , Medeiros Danielle Souto de , Gomes Karine de Oliveira , Souzas Raquel , Giatti Luana , Steffens Ana Paula , Kochergin Clavdia Nicolaevna , Souza Cláudio Lima , Moura Cristiano Soares de , Soares Daniela Arruda , Santos Luis Rogério Cosme Silva , Cardoso Luiz Gustavo Vieira , Oliveira Márcio Vasconcelos de , Martins Poliana Cardoso , Neves Orlando Sílvio Caires , Guimarães Mark Drew Crosland
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar a metodologia, resultados descritivos preliminares e a confiabilidade dos instrumentos utilizados no Projeto COMQUISTA. Estudo transversal com indivíduos adultos (>18 anos) e crianças (até cinco anos) de comunidades quilombolas de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. A coleta de dados compreendeu a realização de entrevistas individuais e domiciliares, aferição de medidas antropométricas e pressão arterial. Utilizou-se o questionário semiestruturado da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), adaptado para a população quilombola, e as entrevistas foram realizadas em computadores portáteis. Foram visitados 397 domicílios e entrevistados 797 adultos e 130 crianças. O perfil demográfico dos quilombolas foi semelhante ao dos brasileiros quanto ao sexo e idade, porém, eles apresentaram precário acesso ao saneamento básico e baixo nível socioeconômico. A análise de confiabilidade demonstrou a adequação das estratégias adotadas para garantia e controle de qualidade no estudo. A metodologia empregada foi considerada adequada para o alcance dos objetivos e pode ser utilizada em outras populações. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade da implantação de estratégias para melhorar a qualidade de vida e reduzir o grau de vulnerabilidade dos quilombolas.
Perfil das perdas dentárias em adultos segundo o capital social, características demográficas e socioeconômicas
Authors: Borges Carolina Marques , Campos Ana Cristina Viana , Vargas Andrea Maria Duarte , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e
Published: June 2014

Condições socioeconômicas e demográficas exercem um importante papel nas perdas dentárias da população, no entanto existem poucas evidências científicas sobre a influência do capital social nesse agravo. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil das perdas dentárias em adultos de 35-44 anos de idade, residentes em municípios do entorno de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Este estudo transversal exploratório analisou dados referentes a 1.013 indivíduos. A variável dependente foi a perda dentária. As variáveis exploratórias foram o capital social e as características demográficas e socioeconômicas. A análise de árvore de decisão por meio do Algoritmo Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) foi utilizada para mapear o perfil das perdas dentárias, a qual foi explicada pelo baixo capital social (47,0%; p < 0,001), adultos mais velhos (60,2%; p < 0,001) e baixa escolaridade (66,3%; p = 0,022). No grupo com alto capital social, a idade foi o fator determinante das perdas dentárias, independente da escolaridade ou renda per capita. Conclui-se que, no nível individual, o capital social, a idade e a renda explicaram o perfil das perdas dentárias. O capital social individual pode ter atenuado o efeito negativo dos fatores socioeconômicos na população estudada.
Sobrevida em dez anos e fatores prognósticos em mulheres com câncer de mama em Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Höfelmann Doroteia Aparecida , Anjos Juliana Cristine dos , Ayala Arlene Laurenti
Published: June 2014

O câncer de mama é o mais incidente no sexo feminino, e reduz a sobrevida das mulheres por ele acometidas. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a sobrevida e fatores prognósticos em mulheres com câncer de mama, atendidas no setor público, em Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo de coorte retrospectivo aninhado em um estudo caso-controle. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionário, pela revisão dos prontuários e declarações de óbito. Na análise de sobrevida aplicou-se o método estatístico de Kaplan-Meier e o modelo de Cox. Avaliou-se 170 mulheres. A sobrevida em dez anos foi de 83,1% (IC 95% 74,1 a 89,3%), e 21 (12,4%) óbitos foram identificados no período. A probabilidade de estar viva foi menor para aquelas em estádios avançados. O risco de mortalidade foi maior entre aquelas que tiveram outros tipos de câncer associados e estavam insatisfeitas com a vida. Após análise ajustada o estadiamento clínico foi a única variável que permaneceu associada à sobrevida. A razão de risco de morte foi 17,1 vezes maior entre as mulheres diagnosticadas em estádios avançados. O estadiamento da doença foi a variável com maior associação com a sobrevida das mulheres avaliadas. Detectar a doença precocemente minimiza a mortalidade por câncer de mama.
Uso de metáforas para expressar a dor de dente: um estudo na área de antropologia da saúde
Authors: Lucas Simone Dutra , Mattos Flávio de Freitas , Melo João Augusto do Carmo , Vasconcelos Mara , Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimaraes de , Ferreira Natália Enes
Published: June 2014

Trata-se de pesquisa desenvolvida com pacientes que procuraram o atendimento de urgência da disciplina Clínica Integrada de Atenção Primária IV da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e do centro odontológico de um município de médio porte. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as representações sociais da dor de dentes por meio de metáforas utilizadas por pacientes. Participaram do estudo 35 adultos de ambos os sexos cujo motivo da procura pelo serviço odontológico de urgência era dor de dente. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática. As representações sociais da dor de dente são geradas à medida que as pessoas buscam na sua experiência de vida palavras para decodificar esse problema. Sensações e sentimentos já vivenciados, e até mesmo o imaginário, se tornam metáfora para tentar explicar o sofrimento. A dor de dente é comparada muitas vezes às piores sensações já experimentadas pelo indivíduo. A odontalgia representa muito sofrimento para a população que busca um serviço odontológico de urgência. Esse fato poderá orientar as políticas públicas de saúde bucal, tendo em vista que a população desfavorecida socialmente é mais acometida pela dor de dente.
Hipertensão arterial em adolescentes do Rio de Janeiro: prevalência e associação com atividade física e obesidade
Authors: Corrêa-Neto Victor Gonçalves , Sperandei Sandro , Silva Luis Aureliano Imbiriba , Maranhão-Neto Geraldo de Albuquerque , Palma Alexandre
Published: June 2014

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica em adolescentes estudantes do 3º ano do ensino médio de escolas públicas estaduais dentro do município do rio de Janeiro com idade entre 17 e 19 anos, bem como investigar as associações de hipertensão arterial sistêmica com obesidade e níveis de atividade física. Dados de pressão arterial, índice de massa corporal e atividade física, foram coletados. A amostra foi composta por 854 indivíduos, a estatística descritiva foi aplicada na amostra, bem como um modelo de regressão de Poisson para determinar o impacto das variáveis na prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica. A prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica foi de 19,4%. Sexo masculino, sobrepeso e obesidade se associaram positiva e significativamente com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (p < 0,05), já atividade física não mostrou associação significativa com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (p > 0,05). A natureza dessas relações deveria ser interpretada a luz da reflexão e não de rotulações passivas embasadas em conceitos hegemônicos.
Obesidade em adolescentes e as políticas públicas de nutrição
Authors: Freitas Lorenna Karen Paiva e , Cunha Júnior Arnaldo Tenório da , Knackfuss Maria Irany , Medeiros Humberto Jefferson de
Published: June 2014

Atualmente, a obesidade tem sido descrita como um importante problema de saúde pública, pois sua prevalência cresce a níveis alarmantes. Não obstante, esse problema tem atingido, em grande escala, crianças e adolescentes. Considerando essa conjuntura, as políticas públicas de nutrição foram criadas como estratégias para tentar combater/controlar os altos índices de obesidade no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar historicamente os avanços das políticas públicas no Brasil relacionadas à nutrição/alimentação e à prática de atividade física no controle da obesidade em adolescentes. Para tanto foi realizada uma pesquisa de revisão de literatura, nas bases de dados eletrônicas SciELO e PubMed, que abordaram políticas públicas de nutrição brasileiras no controle da obesidade. Também foi utilizado como aporte os documentos oficiais do Ministério da Saúde, artigos científicos, livros e as recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Os resultados indicaram que as políticas públicas de nutrição realizadas no Brasil têm atuado de forma incipiente quando destinadas ao adolescente no que diz respeito ao fator obesidade. Portanto, faz-se necessário um olhar mais ampliado em busca de políticas que atentem para o controle da obesidade em adolescentes.
Fatores de risco cardiovascular do Escore de Framingham entre hipertensos assistidos por equipes de Saúde da Família
Authors: Pimenta Henderson Barbosa , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: June 2014

O Escore de Framingham (EF) é utilizado para estratificar o risco cardiovascular. O presente estudo objetivou identificar, entre os hipertensos assistidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), a prevalência dos fatores de risco utilizados no EF e do uso de drogas que reduzem o risco cardiovascular. Trata-se de estudo transversal, que avaliou amostra aleatória de hipertensos da ESF no norte de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram coletados em entrevistas e consulta aos prontuários. Foram avaliados 505 hipertensos em 9 municípios da região, com predomínio de mulheres, 325 (64,4%) e média de idade de 66,4 anos. Em 90% dos hipertensos houve pelo menos 1 fator de risco associado. O agrupamento de 3 ou mais fatores ocorreu em 79 (15,7%) pacientes. Dislipidemia foi encontrada em 188 (37,2%), diabetes em 101 (20%) e tabagismo em 36 (7,1%). O uso de anti-hipetensivo foi observado em 481 (95,2%) hipertensos. O uso de outras drogas cardioprotetoras foi maior entre pacientes 3 ou mais fatores de risco: 45,6% usavam antiagregantes plaquetários e 27,8% usavam hipolipemiantes. A prevalência de fatores de risco do EF na população estudada mostrou-se bastante elevada e o uso de drogas cardioprotetoras mostrou-se restrito. Estratégias para ampliar o uso do EF podem melhorar o manejo da hipertensão arterial na ESF.
Uso racional de medicamentos entre indivíduos com diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial no município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Mendes Luiz Villarinho Pereira , Luiza Vera Lucia , Campos Mônica Rodrigues
Published: June 2014

Este estudo tem como objetivo o uso racional de medicamentos (URM) entre indivíduos com Hipertensão Arterial (HA) e/ou Diabetes Mellitus (DM) atendidos em unidades básicas de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de estudo transversal utilizando os dados de inquérito domiciliar realizado de janeiro a fevereiro de 2010. Foram elaborados indicadores para mensurar a taxa de adesão ao tratamento, automedicação e cuidados domiciliares relacionados aos medicamentos. O tratamento dos dados incluiu análise uni e multivariada. Dos 547 pacientes entrevistados, 77,5% relataram não costumar deixar sobrar medicamentos e 80,3% relataram não costumar esquecer de tomá-los. Quase a totalidade dos entrevistados relataram apenas tomar medicamentos prescritos por prescritores. Metade dos pacientes não tinham medicamentos com validade vencida ou embalagem danificada no domicílio. Os testes estatísticos mostraram que houve maior uso racional entre hipertensos, indivíduos casados, que trabalham, que referem receber orientações de seu médico sobre dieta e exercício físico e que não faltaram a consultas na unidade básica de saúde nos 6 meses anteriores à pesquisa. O achados reforçam a importância da atenção primária em saúde para a promoção do URM.
Association between life conditions and vulnerability with mortality from cardiovascular diseases in elderly men of Northeast Brazil
Authors: Santos Jozemar Pereira dos , Paes Neir Antunes
Published: June 2014

The study aimed at identifying explanatory factors of the mortality rate of elderly men due to cardiovascular diseases in the 187 micro regions of Northeast Brazil, in 2000, based on indicators of life conditions and vulnerability of that population, using the structural equations modeling. The following methodological steps were taken: (1) using Censo 2000's microdata, 10 indicators were selected to the latent exogenous construct 'life conditions and vulnerability'. Using the Information System of Mortality from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, data about deaths from the four major basic causes of cardiovascular diseases were collected, which composed the endogenous latent construct as the outcome variable; (2) qualitative analysis of mortality data; (3) statistical analysis using the structural equation modeling through two phases: adjustment of the outcome variables measurement model and adjustment of the obtained structural model. Due to the multicollinearity observed, three indicators showed significance for the measurement model: years of study, percentage of elderly men in households with bathroom/plumbing and survival probability at 60 years of age. The structural model indicated adjustment adequacy of the model, which the measurement of standardized coefficient was considered of strong effect (SC = 0.81, p-value < 0.01) and coefficient of determination r2 = 66%. It was concluded that indicators of life conditions and vulnerability were highly associated with the mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases in elderly men from Northeast Brazil in 2000.
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: a systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Castaneda Luciana , Bergmann Anke , Bahia Ligia
Published: June 2014

Objective: To systematically review the use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in observational studies. Methods: This study is a systematic review of articles that use the ICF in observational studies. We took into account the observational design papers available in databases such as PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO, published in English and Portuguese from January 2001 to June 2011. We excluded those in which the samples did not comprise individuals, those about children and adolescents, and qualitative methodology articles. After reading the abstracts of 265 identified articles, 65 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 18 were excluded. The STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) adapted Checklist, with 15 items needed for observational studies, was applied to the 47 remaining articles. Any paper that met 12 of these criteria was included in this systematic review. Results: 29 articles were reviewed. Regarding the ICF application methodology, the checklist was used in 31% of the articles, the core set in 31% and the ICF categories in 31%. In the remaining 7%, it was not possible to define the applied methodology. In most papers (41%), qualifiers were used in their original format. As far as the area of knowledge is concerned, most of the studies were related to Rheumatology (24%) and Orthopedics (21%). Regarding the study design, 83% of the articles used cross-sectional studies. Conclusion: Results indicate a wide scientific production related to ICF over the past 10 years. Different areas of knowledge are involved in the debate on the improvement of information on morbidity. However, there are only a few quantitative epidemiological studies involving the use of ICF. Future studies are needed to improve data related to functioning and disability.
Quality of life of individuals with stroke and their caregivers in a city of Triângulo Mineiro
Authors: Lima Mary Lícia de , Santos Jair Lício Ferreira , Sawada Namie Okino , Lima Lívia Aparecida Pereira de
Published: June 2014

Objective: To compare the quality of life (QoL) of individuals with stroke and their caregivers. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional survey, involving 83 individuals who suffered a stroke. The participants were divided into four groups: group of individuals with stroke who have caregivers (44), group of individuals with stroke without caregivers (39), group of caregivers (44) and a reference group (83) in the period of March to May 2010. To assess QoL, the instrument used was the WHOQOL-bref. Results: The highest scores for the four fields were observed increasingly for the group of individuals with stroke with caregivers, the stroke group without caregivers followed by the group of caregivers and the reference group. The comparison of scores between groups showed that the presence of stroke and the fact of being caregiver affect QoL in all domains of WHOQOL-bref. Conclusion: It was possible to understand the negative impact that stroke causes in the lives of the affected ones and their caregivers, in order to better target public health policies.
Projetos desenvolvimentistas nas terras do sem-fim: Expansão do agronegócio e precarização do trabalho no semiárido baiano
Authors: Dourado José Aparecido Lima
Published: June 2014

A modernização agrícola ocorrida no Brasil a partir dos anos 1970 desencadeou transformações significativas no campo, sendo estas acentuadas em virtude da reestruturação produtiva do capital. Passados aproximadamente 40 anos, velhos problemas persistem, revelando as contradições do modelo agrário/agrícola adotado pelo Estado para sustentar o projeto de modernização do país. Novos territórios são incluídos no circuito reprodutivo do capital, tendo como desdobramento processos de desterritorialização, expropriação, miséria e precarização do trabalho postos como inevitáveis na trajetória rumo ao progresso e modernidade. Refletir sobre os resultados desse fenômeno faz-se necessário porque, através de sua análise, é possível identificar a origem de graves problemas vivenciados no campo e na cidade, pois no caso brasileiro, não é possível dissociar o campo da cidade. Para a realização da pesquisa fez-se necessário a construção de um referencial teórico associado a imersões a campo, com o intuito de estabelecer uma interlocução entre a teoria e a prática. A pesquisa está pautada na abordagem qualitativa, sendo utilizados diversos instrumentos de coleta de dados, tais como entrevistas, diário de campo, registro fotográfico e relatos orais, utilizados durante as várias etapas do trabalho de campo.
Measuring noise in classrooms: a systematic review
Authors: Fidêncio Vanessa Luisa Destro , Moret Adriane Lima Mortari , Jacob Regina Tangerino de Souza
Published: June 2014

PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review is to outline the main methodologies used for measuring noise in classrooms and if the noise levels found are suitable standards. METHODS: A survey of articles published in the last ten years, using six different databases. Were verified 1.088 publications and only eight studies met the inclusion criteria: (a) articles published in the last ten years, (b) articles available in full, (c) studies that have measured the noise in the classrooms of regular schools. Data analysis: descriptive analysis was performed of selected publications. RESULTS: Five studies conducted to measure the noise using a sound level meter. One measurement performed using a dosimeter and two studies used a laptop with audio recording software. In all classrooms, the noise level was higher than allowed. CONCLUSION: Classrooms are noisy environment and there is no standardization regarding the methodology that should be used to measure the noise in these places. Therefore, schools need to be guided constantly about the importance of acoustic adaptation in the classroom.
Drought resistance of sugar-cane crop for different levels of water availability in the soil
Authors: Barbosa Fernando da S. , Coelho Rubens D. , Maschio Rafael , Lima Carlos J. G. de S. , Silva Everaldo M. da
Published: June 2014

Soil water availability is the main cause of reduced productivity, and the early development period most sensitive to water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the drought resistance of the varieties of sugar-cane RB867515 and SP81-3250 during the early development using different levels of water deficit on four soil depths. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Biosystems at Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ/USP) in a greenhouse in soil classified as Oxisol, sandy loam texture (Series "Sertãozinho"). Once exhausted the level of available water in the soil, the dry strength of the studied strains are relatively low. Water balance with values less than -13 mm cause a significant decrease in the final population of plants, regardless of the variety, and values below -35 mm, leads to the death of all plants.
Determination of total accumulated rainfall, global radiation, evapotranspiration and degree-days originated from the ECMWF model to sugar cane crop
Authors: Moraes Rafael A. , Rocha Jansle V. , Lamparelli Rubens A. C.
Published: June 2014

The climate variability between the growth and harvesting of sugar cane is very important because it directly affects yield. The MODIS sensor has characteristics like spatial and temporal resolution that can be applied to monitoring of vegetative vigor variability in the land surface and then, temporal profiles generation. Agro meteorological data from ECMWF model are free and easy to access and have a good representation of reality. In this study, we used the period between sugar cane growth and harvest in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, from temporal profiles selecting of NDVI behavior. For each period the precipitation, evapotranspiration, global radiation, length (days) and degree-days were accumulated. The periods were presented in a map format on MODIS spatial resolution of 250 meters. The results showed the spatial variability of climate variables and the relationship to the reality presented by official data.
Effect of time-temperature binomial in obtaining biochemical oxygen demand of different wastewaters
Authors: Matos Mateus P. de , Borges Alisson C. , Matos Antonio T. de , Silva Edson F. da , Martinez Mauro A.
Published: June 2014

Studies on the effects of temperature and time of incubation of wastewater samples for the estimation of biodegradable organic matter through the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), that nowadays are rare, considering that the results of the classic study of STREETER & PHELPS(1925) have been accepted as standard. However, there are still questions how could be possible to reduce the incubation time; whether the coefficient of temperature (θ) varies with the temperature and with the type of wastewater and if it approaches 1.047. Aiming the elucidation of these questions, wastewater samples of dairy, swine and sewage treated in septic tanks were incubated at temperatures of 20, 30 and 35 °C, respectively for 5, 3.16 and 2.5 days. From the parameter of deoxygenation coefficient at 20 °C (k20), θ30 and θ35 were calculated. The results indicated that θ values changes with the type of wastewater, however does not vary in the temperature range between 30 and 35 °C, and that the use of 1.047 value did not implied significant differences in obtaining k in a determined T temperature. Thus, it is observed that the value of θ can be used to estimate the required incubation time of the samples at different temperatures.
Production of a bioherbicide agent in liquid and solid medium and in a biphasic cultivation system
Authors: Moraes C. , Monteiro A.C. , Machado A.C.R. , Barbosa J.C. , Mochi D.A.
Published: June 2014

The use of fungi in weeds control programs depends upon the conidia production in large scale. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate liquid and solid culture media and the cultivation by biphasic system for the conidia production of Bipolaris euphorbiae Muchovej & Carvalho a specific pathogen of Euphorbia heterophylla. The liquid media were obtained from agro-industrial waste or by-products, and the solid media were prepared with mixtures of grains and grain derivatives. The liquid medium made with sugar cane molasses stood out from the others because it provided great sporulation (23 x 10(4) conidia mL-1 of medium), conidial viability (99.7%), and formation of mycelial fungal biomass (1.26 g 100 mL-1 of medium). On solid media conidial production was markedly higher than in liquid media, especially the medium composed by a blend of sorghum grain (40%) and soybean hulls (60%) where the fungus produced 2.3 x 10(7) conidia g-1 of medium. The cultivation of B. euphorbiae in biphasic system not promoted a significant increase in the production of conidia. The solid media were more effective for the mass production of fungus and mixtures of grains and derivatives were effective for increasing conidia production.
Chemical control of morning glory as a function of water restriction levels
Authors: Giancotti P.R.F. , Toledo R.E.B. , Alves P.L.C.A. , Victoria Filho R. , Cason J.B. , Rocha M.G.
Published: June 2014

Among the herbicides recommended for the dry season and registered to sugarcane crop, amicarbazone, isoxaflutole and the association diuron + hexazinone + sulfomethuron-methyl can be highlighted. These are pre-emergence herbicides efficient against broad-leaved weeds. Morning glory causes large losses in infested sugarcane fields by bending the stalks and interfering in harvesting. In this study the effectiveness of pre-emergence herbicides for two species of morning glory (Ipomoea hederifolia and Ipomoea grandifolia) was evaluated. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized factorial design (4 x 7). There were four periods of water restriction (0, 30, 60 and 90 days), seven chemical treatments [diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron-methyl (1387 + 391 + 33.35 g a.i. ha-1), diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron-methyl (1507.5 + 425 + 36.25 g a.i. ha-1), diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron-methyl (1658.25 + 467.5 + 39.87 g a.i. ha-1), diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuronmethyl (1809 + 510 + 43.5 g a.i. ha-1), amicarbazone (1190 g a.i. ha-1), amicarbazone + isoxaflutole (840 + 82.5 g a.i. ha-1)] and a control with no application. At 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the restoration of moisture, control was visually evaluated. After the final evaluation, the dry mass of morning glories was measured. At 90 days of water restriction, diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron-methyl was more effective to control I. hederifolia than the amicarbazone + isoxaflutole tank mixture. The four diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuronmethyl doses have reduced morning glory dry mass to zero; whereas treatments with amicarbazone have not. The most effective treatment for morning glory control was diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron-methyl. This result may be due to a possible synergistic interaction.
Improving diquat efficacy on grasses by adding adjuvants to the spray solution before use
Authors: Gitsopoulos T.K. , Damalas C.A. , Georgoulas I.
Published: June 2014

The effect of five adjuvants (non-ionic surfactant, paraffinic oil, vegetable oil, mixture of fatty acids methyl esters plus surfactant blend, and organosilicone) on diquat efficacy was assessed on poverty brome, sterile oat, and Italian ryegrass in field and pot experiments. All tank mixtures with diquat increased diquat efficacy from 50-54% to 77-98% as for fresh weight reduction, indicating significant enhancement of diquat efficacy on grasses. The increased efficacy was most likely attributed to better droplet retention and diffusion on the leaf surfaces. When combined with non-ionic surfactant, diquat showed slightly more rapid control of grass weeds (i.e. symptoms were visible within a few hours after application).
Persistência do Fomesafen em argissolo vermelho-amarelo em dois sistemas de cultivo
Authors: Silva G.R. , D'Antonino L. , Faustino L.A. , Ferreira F.A. , Teixeira C.C.
Published: June 2014

Alguns herbicidas têm persistência longa no solo, o que pode levar à intoxicação de culturas sucessoras (carryover), plantadas em rotação. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a persistência do herbicida fomesafen em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo cultivado com feijão nos sistemas de plantio direto e convencional, caracterizando dois experimentos distintos. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, arranjados em parcelas subdivididas, em que as parcelas representavam as doses do herbicida (0,0, 125, 250 e 500 g ha-1) e as subparcelas, as épocas de coleta de solo (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135 e 150 dias após a aplicação dos herbicidas). As amostras de solo foram coletadas de 15 em 15 dias, nas entrelinhas centrais das parcelas, e transferidas para vasos plásticos de 280 cm³, onde se semeou o sorgo como indicador biológico da presença de fomesafen. Aos 21 dias após a emergência, avaliou-se a intoxicação das plantas, numa escala em que 0 (zero) representava a ausência total de sintomas e 100, a morte da planta. A produtividade do feijoeiro não foi alterada pelas doses do fomesafen, não havendo diferença entre os tratamentos. Com o aumento da dose de fomesafen, o período de sua persistência nas amostras de solo foi maior. A persistência do fomesafen no solo varia em função do sistema de plantio e da dose aplicada; o intervalo de segurança após sua aplicação em culturas sensíveis é menor quando se pratica o plantio direto.
Sorção do sulfentrazone em diferentes tipos de solo determinada por bioensaios
Authors: Freitas M.A.M. , Passos A.B.R.J. , Torres L.G. , Moraes H.M.F. , Faustino L.A. , Rocha P.R.R. , Silva A.A.
Published: June 2014

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o potencial de sorção do sulfentrazone em cinco diferentes tipos de solo, por meio da técnica do bioensaio. O comportamento do herbicida foi estudado nos seguintes tipos de solo: Planossolo Háplico, Argissolo Vermelho, Cambissolo Húmico, Neossolo Regolítico e Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, além de um controle, apenas com areia lavada. O experimento foi realizado no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, e os tratamentos foram constituídos de sete doses crescentes do sulfentrazone em cada um dos tipos de solo. Aos 21 dias após emergência, realizou-se a colheita da planta indicadora e foi determinada a massa da matéria seca, bem como a dose do herbicida capaz de reduzir em 50% o acúmulo de massa da matéria seca das plantas indicadoras (C50). Com esses dados calculou-se a relação de sorção (RS) do sulfentrazone, por meio da comparação da relação dos resultados da C50 de cada solo com a C50 obtida na areia lavada. Os valores de RSdiferiram para os diferentes solos, apresentando a seguinte ordem crescente: Planossolo Háplico < Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo < Argissolo Vermelho < Cambissolo Húmico < Neossolo Regolítico; os solos com maiores teores de matéria orgânica apresentaram os maiores RS e pH de cada solo. Conclui-se que a sorção do sulfentrazone é influenciada pelo teor de matéria orgânica e pH dos solos.