bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Satisfação com a organização do cuidado em idosos usuários dos serviços avaliados pelo PMAQ
Authors: Amorim Juleimar Soares Coelho de , Teixeira Luciana Barcellos , Ferla Antônio Alcindo
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este estudo objetivou identificar os preditores da satisfação dos idosos em relação à organização dos serviços e do cuidado na atenção básica à saúde. Delineamento seccional, entre 18.671 usuários da Atenção Básica do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram coletadas informações sobre a satisfação com o cuidado, categorizada em satisfeito (percepção muito boa, boa e regular) e insatisfeito (ruim e muito ruim). As exposições pesquisadas incluíram: características da organização do serviço e do cuidado, a partir de dados secundários do 1º ciclo do PMAQ-AB. Foi utilizada regressão logística para obter os odds ratio (OR) e os respectivos intervalos de confiança (95%), ajustado por fatores sociodemográficos. A prevalência de satisfação foi de 87,0%. Os preditores associados (p<0,05) à satisfação, após análise por fatores que poderiam confundir os resultados, foram acesso à unidade de saúde, visita domiciliar e disponibilidade de medicamento – relacionados à organização dos serviços; e, realização de busca ativa, resolução do problema na unidade, assim como ao exame físico realizado e tempo da consulta – relacionados à organização do cuidado. Em síntese, as análises descrevem múltiplos preditores da organização do cuidado e dos serviços associados à satisfação dos idosos com os serviços da atenção básica.
Urgência e descontinuidade do cuidado em saúde bucal de crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Pereira Fábio Augusto de Oliveira , Assunção Luciana Reichert da Silva , Ferreira Fernanda Morais , Fraiz Fabian Calixto
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este trabalho estudou a descontinuidade do cuidado (DC) em saúde bucal entre crianças e adolescentes que acessaram os serviços de urgência nas unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) e de pronto atendimento (UPA). Foram avaliados prontuários de indivíduos de 0 a 17 anos vinculados ao Sistema Único de Saúde de Curitiba. Considerou-se DC quando não houve o registro de consulta eletiva na UBS nos 6 meses subsequentes ao atendimento de urgência. A amostra foi estratificada pelo Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM) da Unidade de Desenvolvimento Humano em que o paciente residia em ≤0,799 ou ≥0,800. A associação entre DC e demais covariáveis foi analisada através de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta uni e multivariada (α=0,05). A incidência de DC foi de 42,2%. No estrato de IDHM≤0,799, o risco de DC foi maior para as crianças com menos de 5 anos de idade e aqueles que não visitaram o dentista no último ano. Nos dois estratos, o risco de DC foi maior para aquelas que utilizaram a UPA para o atendimento de urgência quando comparadas com as que receberam atendimento na UBS. A DC em saúde bucal apresentou alta incidência, sendo que entre os residentes em regiões com menor IDHM, sofreu uma maior influência das características de uso dos serviços.
Promoviendo la Formulación de Buenas Preguntas en la Clase de Biología en Secundaria: una propuesta didáctica a partir de situaciones problema
Authors: Conejera Alejandra Rojas , Joglar Carol , Jara Roxana
Published: August 2020

Resumen Es importante discutir sobre estrategias para desarrollar la competencia en formulación de buenas preguntas en la clase de ciencias en los estudiantes, puesto que éstas adquieren un rol protagónico en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Por esto, instalar estrategias concretas que promuevan la formulación de buenas preguntas, se plantea como un desafío para la investigación en didáctica de las ciencias. En este artículo, se analiza cómo las actividades que utilizan situaciones problema, favorecen la formulación de buenas preguntas en el discurso escrito del estudiantado de la escuela secundaria. Estas actividades se realizaron a lo largo de cuatro sesiones de clases, durante el desarrollo de la unidad didáctica de estructura y función de la membrana plasmática. Los resultados muestran que el estudiantado participante de esta investigación presenta mejoras en las preguntas abiertas que formula, aumentando progresivamente el nivel cognitivo de sus preguntas, según transcurre la unidad didáctica.
Potencial de los residuos forestales para la contribución a la matriz energética urbana
Authors: Yánez-Iñiguez Lucía , Urgilés-Urgilés Enma , Zalamea-León Esteban , Barragán-Escandón Antonio
Published: August 2020

Los combustibles fósiles son por ahora la principal fuente de abastecimiento energético de las ciudades. Una estrategia para reducir este consumo es el desarrollo de energías renovables desde recursos endógenos urbanos. Se propone una metodología para determinar el potencial energético que poseen los residuos forestales urbanos en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, obtenidos mediante las actividades de mantenimiento (poda) de las áreas verdes públicas, con el propósito de transformarlos en fuente energética. Mediante análisis en laboratorio de muestras tomadas en el medio local, se determina que el poder calorífico inferior promedio que posee la biomasa es de 0.38 tep/ton. A partir de ello, con una base de datos estadísticos se calcula que en la ciudad de Cuenca se dispone de 608.63 ton de masa forestal anualmente. Ésta cuenta con un potencial energético de 233.13 tep/año y una eficiencia para la producción de energía eléctrica de aproximadamente 41 tep/año, que permite cubrir el consumo promedio de 110 familias. Se concluye que esta fuente de energía puede crecer significativamente con el incremento de las actividades de mantenimiento de las áreas verdes públicas y además constituye una estrategia para el aprovechamiento secundario de esta clase de residuos.
Sustentabilidad y evaluación del impacto del relleno sanitario del Municipio de Carmen en Campeche, México
Authors: Machorro-Román Areli , Rosano-Ortega Genoveva , Tavera-Cortes María Elena , Flores-Trujillo Juan Gabriel , Maimone-Celorio María Rosa , Martínez-Tavera Estefanía , Martínez-Gallegos Sonia , Rodríguez-Espinosa Pedro Francisco
Published: August 2020

Los indicadores de sustentabilidad permiten evaluar los impactos ambientales relacionados con la estrategia del desarrollo sustentable. En este estudio realizado en Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche considerada una isla de barrera que se localiza al sureste de México. El municipio canaliza la disposición final de los residuos sólidos urbanos (RSU) a través de un relleno sanitario el cual se encuentra ubicado en una zona de manglar, teniendo un impacto negativo en el medio ambiente lo que incide negativamente en el desarrollo sustentable. Mediante el análisis sedimentológico del subsuelo, se obtuvieron resultados que identificaron la dominancia de arenas carbonatadas, lo que permitió definir un rango de porosidad del 20,2 al 40,1%, y permeabilidad de ±10-2-10-4 m/s darcys, es decir, los sedimentos presentan una buena porosidad y una permeabilidad alta. Por su parte, mediante un análisis de la calidad del agua, se detectaron concentraciones de Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (DBO5) y Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO) de 63,06 y 1,338.13 mg/L, respectivamente, así como la presencia de concentraciones traza de algunos metales pesados. Estos valores permitieron clasificarlo como un cuerpo de agua fuertemente contaminado.
Impact of metal content in agricultural soils near the Tungurahua volcano on the cultivation of Allium fistulosum L
Authors: Briceño Jorge , Tonato Evelyn , Silva Mónica , Paredes Mayra , Armado Arnaldo
Published: August 2020

The Tungurahua volcano, located in the eastern mountain range of Ecuador, since its reactivation in 1999 has had several phases of volcanic activity, which have produced gas, ash and lava emissions. These emissions release a large amount of metals to nearby soils that are currently used for agricultural purposes. Metal pollution can cause serious problems for human health; while other metals are necessary as nutrients in most agricultural crops. In this investigation, the metal content in agricultural soils of the Quero canton was evaluated, as well as its bioavailability and content in the culture of Allium fistulosum L., in order to obtain information on the impact of potentially polluting metals (cadmium, lead, nickel, strontium, cobalt, copper and zinc) and nutrients (potassium, magnesium, iron and manganese) on crops. For the estimation of total metals in soil an acid digestion was performed; for bioavailable metals an extractant mixture (EDTA-Triethanolamine-CaCl2, pH 7) was used and for the branch onion a calcination followed by acid digestion was carried out. The quantification of the metals was carried out by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy or graphite furnace. The results showed that the metal content, both in the soil samples and in the branch onion, was below the maximum values allowed in the local regulations for all the metals studied. In addition,the intake of the metal by the branch onion was independent of the bioavailable fraction.
Report on the activities of the maternity Department of the Smolensk provincial Zemstvo hospital from July 1, 1890 to January 1, 1892.
Authors: Tyshko I.
Published: August 2020

Activity report.
ACCORDING TO THE ACCUMULATION OF LIQUID IN THE UTERINE TUBE. SEVERAL ANIMAL EXPERIENCES
Authors: Voskresensky M. A.
Published: August 2020

Diseases of the fallopian tubes occupy a prominent place in modern gynecology, and among these diseases, serious attention is paid clinically to the accumulation of fluid in the tube cavity. Professor K.F. Slavyanskiy in his lectures, read in November 1890 at the clinic of the Imperial Military Medical Academy, which he headed, examined in detail the issue of retention cysts of the fallopian tubes and under this name grouped diseases known as hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx, haematosalpinx, cystes tubo-ovariales.
Lymphatic vessels of the female genital organs
Authors: Runge G.
Published: August 2020

The lymphatic system of the uterus has occupied the minds of anatomists and gynecologists a lot over the past twenty years; lymphatic vessels of the ovary and tubes are less studied. The author, starting to study the general lymphatic system of the female genital organs, injected and sequentially dissected lymphatic vessels in more than 300 subjects of different ages.
The case of removal of uterus about myoma
Authors: Kuhn F.
Published: August 2020

The case reported by the author does not differ in any way from a number of similar cases in terms of the complex of symptoms and surgical technique. It is reported over for statistics.
TO QUESTIONS OF MODERN GYNECOLOGY
Authors: Kupidonov V.
Published: August 2020

Terrillon's clinic is located in one of the huge buildings of the Salpetrire hospital, located parallel to each other and enclosed in a quadrangle by one high wall. In the intervals between them (in the courtyards) there are parks and smaller buildings, for example: a church, an auditorium, an electrotherapy room, a reception room for patients, etc. In parallel large buildings, wide passages are arranged, through which the courtyards communicate with each other. Old buildings and, probably, as a result of rare renovations, appear from the outside smoky and gloomy. In general, all the old hospitals in Paris in their gloom and isolation are more like prisons than hospitals. However, the inside of the ward for the sick is kept very clean.
Narrow pelvises
Authors: Massen V. N.
Published: August 2020

For the entire number of births, we had 197 cases of a narrow pelvis or 10.29%. In other words, for every 9.8 pelvis, one was narrow.
PROTOCOL No. 5.
Meeting of the 7th Mal 1892
Authors: Slavyanskiy K. F.
Published: August 2020

54 members were present: Baskin, Batsevich, Bashkirov, Bidder, Brandt, Butchik, Vasten, Viridarskiy, Hermonius, Gess, Goraiskiy, Grinev, Danilovich, Dobradin, Dobrovolskiy V.N., Dobrynin, Dranitsyn, Zheltukhin, Zabolotskiy, Krasnopolskiy, Lapin, Liluev, Lichkus, Lopatinskiy, Mazurkevich, Martsynkevich, Massen, Neishtube, Ott, Passover, Petrov, Polonskiy, Rodzevich, Ruzi, Savchenko, Sadovskiy, Salmanov, Soloviev, Stelmakhovich, Stravinskiy, Strogonov, Urvich, Fisher A.R., Fisher B.A., Fratkin, Tsekhanovetskiy, Chagin, Chernyshev, Schmidt, Shtoln, Schuttenbach, Eberman, Eichfus, Yanpolskiy and 38 guests.
PROTOCOL No. V.
Administrative appointment on May 7, 1892
Authors: Ott D. O.
Published: August 2020

26 members were present.
TO THE LEARNING ABOUT SELF-INFECTION OF THE MOTHERS IN LABOR
Authors: Maslovsky V. Ѳ.
Published: August 2020

Various kinds of diseases, known under the common name of childbirth fever, are caused by the penetration of pathogenic microbes into the genitals during childbirth, the postpartum period, and even sometimes during pregnancy. The main place of introduction of microbes is the inner wounded surface of the uterus, and then all sorts of superficial and deep damage to the genital canal, due to the most generic act. In view of this, according to the existing view, especially in Germany, the diseases that now occupy us are the essence of infectious diseases of wounds emanating from the genital area. According to the influence of microbes, the course and partly the influence of therapeutic measures, postpartum diseases are divided into: 1) septic diseases in the broad sense of the word, caused by the introduction of pathogenic microbes into living tissue and 2) putrefactive poisoning, which occurs from the blood metabolism of micronutrients in the beginning - Saprmia (Duncan), There are pure cases of both forms; but much more often it is difficult to separate one form from another. The method of infection that complicates ordinary wounds is not thought at all, being content only with the definition of it, in full conviction that it, as it were not transmitted to the wound, always occurs from the outside. In obstetrics, in relation to the way of infection, the case seems to be more complicated and confusing; as there is a special type of infection known as "self-infection"
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT EMBRІOTOMII
Authors: Markovskiy P. I.
Published: August 2020

The operation of embryotomy still does not have that simplicity and certainty in technology, which would have attracted operators, and even more so young ones.
TO PATHOLOGY OF VAGINAL CYST
Authors: Ulezko-Strogonova K. P.
Published: August 2020

Not so long ago, vaginal cysts were considered a rare pathological finding in gynecology. So, for example, prof. Horvits in his 78 manual says that they are extremely rare, and Dr. Chudovskiy, describing a case of vaginal cyst from the Horvits clinic ("Med. Vasti." 78), finds only three similar cases in Russian literature ( Gorvitsa, Yastrebova and Tarnovsky). Since then, she has been little enriched by reports on this issue, judging by the medical sources that have been reviewed by me: "Doctor", "Medical Review" and "Russian Medicine" for the entire time of their existence. In addition, the cases described by Russian authors were either not investigated histologically at all, or, if the latter was done, then the explanation of the presented microscopic pictures does not always seem to be sound and appropriate to the conclusions. Meanwhile, the histological structure is the main criterion for explaining the ethiology of this neoplasm, which still does not seem to be completely established, perhaps due to the lack of microscopic descriptions.
A case of spontaneous twisting ("evolutio spontanea")
Authors: Kuhn F.
Published: August 2020

The author was invited to a woman in labor, whose labor activity began 3 hours before his arrival. The study, during which the membranes were ruptured, showed the transverse position of the fetus with the head to the right, with the right arm dropped out; the right shoulder is driven into the pelvis.
Caesarean section by Sänger
Authors: Krasnopolskiy F.
Published: August 2020

Primiparous 28 years old, urgent labor lasts two days. In childhood, rickets. The child is alive; the throat is opened to the value of a silver ruble; the bubble is intact, tense, the head is presented, driven into the entrance; the transverse dimension of the head coincides with the transverse dimension of the entrance to the pelvis. The size of the pelvis: Dist Spin 24 ctm .; Dist. Crist, 22 1/2 ; Dist. trochanterica 23, conjugata externaly 15 1/2 ctm. conj.; diagonalis - 7 1/2 - 8 ctm .; vera 5 1/2 6 ctm. T 38.8 ; R. = 88.
Late postpartum eclampsia
Authors: Ruzi D.
Published: August 2020

In view of the rarity of late postpartum eclampsia, the author considers it not uninteresting to report a case where he had to observe seizures of eclampsia on the eighth day after childbirth.
Electricity as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of dysmenorrhea and pelvic inflammation
Authors: Kuhn F.
Published: August 2020

If some gynecologists received negative results in the treatment of female diseases with electricity, especially dysmenorrhea and inflammatory exudates in the pelvis, then this happens in most cases through their own fault. The author was convinced of this by personal bitter experience.
To the question of the treatment of uterine fibroids by the Apostoli method
Authors: Krasnopolskiy F.
Published: August 2020

The author cites from his own observation 2 cases, where under the influence of direct current the birth of submucous fibroids occurred, due to which their prompt removal became possible.
Treatment of fibroid tumors with electricity
Authors: Kuhn F.
Published: August 2020

This article presents a report (in the form of a table) on 46 cases of uterine fibroids, used by the author according to the Apostoli method. Excluding from this number 2 cases of polyposis tumors, where electricity was applied only additionally, and five cases in which electricity was applied too shortly, the author divided the remaining 39 cases into five classes according to the results achieved:
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT TAMPONATION OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY
Authors: Semensky M. F.
Published: August 2020

Professor Mikulicz, in 1886, proposed his own method of tamponation of the abdominal cavity. Among the properties of such a tampon, the main role is undoubtedly played by its draining action, and therefore tamponation should be considered as an improved method of drainage. On this basis, I will briefly trace the issue of drainage development and then move on to tamponation.
Anatomical changes occurring in puerperal eclampsia
Authors: Massen V.
Published: August 2020

In an extensive work devoted to anatomical changes in eclampsia, Bouffe in the first part sets out everything that is available in the literature on this issue. The liver undergoes the greatest and constant changes in eclampsia. The first to pay attention to this was, as you know, A. Pilliet, who partly with Ltienne, partly independently posted a detailed description of those pathological and anatomical changes that are found in the liver with eclampsia. These changes in Pilliet go through three stages of their development.
Vicarious menstruation during pregnancy
Authors: Lapina A.
Published: August 2020

Mary E ..., 21 years old, anemic, suffers from bouts of hysteria. The first blood was at the age of 14, moreover, for several days, before the appearance of regulation, the patient felt severe pain in the lower abdomen, leucorrhoea, coughing fits with expectoration of blood, then a weakly colored bloody leak from the genital canal.
Freins à l’observance au traitement antirétroviral en milieu rural de la République Démocratique du Congo et regard sur l’Alliance thérapeutique dans le circuit de soins
Authors: Mabakutuvangilanga Ntela Simon-Decap , Morvillers Jean-Manuel , Goutte Nathalie , Crozet Cyril , Ahouah Mathieu , Omanyondo-Ohambe Marie-Claire , Ntoto-Kunzi Bernard , Tshimungu Kandolo Félicien , Rothan-Tondeur Monique
Published: August 2020

Cette étude vise à comprendre les freins à l’observance au traitement antirétroviral et à porter un regard critique sur la qualité d’alliance thérapeutique Infirmier-patient. Il s’agit d’une étude qualitative phénoménologique réalisée dans deux hôpitaux ruraux de la province du Kongo-central en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC). Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés auprès de patients. Deux grands groupes de freins ont été relevés :

L’un lié au patient (manque de nourriture, le ressenti (peur, doute)) et l’autre en rapport avec son environnement (rupture des antirétroviraux, influence des médias, des religieux et autres croyances traditionnelles…). Ces freins généraient des forces antagonistes influençant négativement l’observance au traitement antirétroviral.

Cette étude met en évidence l’existence des écarts sur la qualité d’alliance thérapeutique dans le circuit de soins. Ainsi, surmonter les forces négatives, renforcer les capacités infirmières et revisiter les programmes de formation Infirmière sur les questions du VIH semblent une nécessité.
GENERALIZATIONS TO SOME INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS EMBODYING POWERS OF A DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR
Authors: Baiburin M. M.
Published: August 2020

The abstract equations containing the operators of the second, third and fourth degree are investigated in this work.The necessary conditions for the solvability of the abstract equations, containing the operators of the second and fourth degree, are proved without using linear independence of the vectors included in these equations. Previous authors have essentially used the linear independence of the vectors to prove the necessarysolvability condition.The present paper also gives the correctness criterion for the abstract equation, containing the operators of the third degree with arbitrary vectors, and its exact solution in terms of these vectors in a Banach space.The theory presented here, can be useful for investigation of Fredholm integro-differential equations embodying powers of an ordinary differential operator or a partial differential operator.
El crimen organizado y la fragilidad institucional como condicionantes del desarrollo
Authors: Enríquez Pérez Isaac
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo central el explicar e interpretar los alcances y dinámica del crimen organizado como fenómeno que tiende, en una lógica de causalidad circular, a erosionar el tejido social y debilitar la función cohesionadora de las instituciones; efectos estos que profundizan el subdesarrollo de un país como México al presentarse una crisis de Estado ante la emergencia de poderes fácticos que controlan –tras la imposición de su fuerza y violencia– amplios territorios y que le disputan la hegemonía al Gobierno y a su aparato de seguridad. Se trata pues de realizar, con base en el rastreo y sistematización de referencias empíricas, un balance sociohistórico que desentrañe la lógica desestructurante de actividades criminales como el narcotráfico y la incidencia que ejercen en el deterioro de lo público —como espacio para la creación y revitalización de la ciudadanía— en el contexto de la intensificación de los procesos de globalización que también condicionan y socavan los fundamentos del Estado-nación. La relevancia del estudio de un fenómeno multidimensional como el crimen organizado resulta fundamental para comprender una de las aristas contemporáneas de la dialéctica desarrollo-subdesarrollo, así como para explorar posibles alternativas y estrategias de política pública que, de cara a la crisis de sentido padecida por las sociedades occidentales, sean útiles para (re) construir el concepto de ciudadanía, revertir el desdén por la ley y reivindicar el respeto hacia lo público.
Caracterización multidimensional de la mujer emprendedora
Authors: López Posada Laura Marcela , Rubio Guerrero Germán , Parra Alviz Mercedes
Published: August 2020

El objetivo del artículo es mostrar los resultados de la investigación cuantitativa sobre los aspectos que influyeron en la capacidad de las mujeres emprendedoras, ubicadas en las ciudades colombianas de Florencia e Ibagué, en la creación y consolidación de sus proyectos productivos. Para tal fin, se aplicó un cuestionario previamente validado a 198 mujeres de estas dos poblaciones, cuya información fue procesada mediante técnicas del Análisis Descriptivo, Componentes Principales y Regresión Lineal Múltiple del Análisis Multivariado. Los hallazgos demostraron que las variables de tiempo como empresaria, definición y posicionamiento estratégico de la empresa, y formación académica recibida por estas mujeres, no solo les permitieron mejorar sus habilidades emprendedoras, sino también sus métodos, su forma de pensar, así como su capacidad para la identificación de oportunidades para nuevos negocios. En la misma línea, se observa que el número de empleados al servicio de la organización también influyó sobre la creación de sus empresas.
Teoria do Equilíbrio Pontuado
Authors: Corrêa da Silva Maurício , Bernardes do Nascimento João Carlos Hipólito , Gomes da Silva José Dionísio
Published: August 2020

Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar, sob o suporte da Teoria do Equilíbrio Pontuado, a execuçãoorçamentária no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, de 2002 a 2018, para identificar os períodos estáveis ou demudanças bruscas (atípicos). As análises foram realizadas com os dados atualizados para o dia 31 de dezembro de 2018. Os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e de Shapiro-Wilk foram utilizados para verificar a normalidade ou não das pontuações a fim de identificar, no histograma, se a distribuição é normal ou leptocúrtica, com o nível de confiança de 5 %. Os resultados apontaram que as tomadas de decisões na execução orçamentária da despesa liquidada por grupo de natureza e por funções de governo apresentaram comportamentos atípicos. Existem períodos de equilíbrio com interrupções, o que corrobora a hipótese central de que a Teoria do Equilíbrio Pontuado é válida para analisar o comportamento das variações orçamentárias no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Conclui-se que os orçamentos desse Estado são elaborados de forma incremental, mas suas execuções têm padrão de equilíbrio com interrupções. Esta pesquisa contribui para o avanço da literatura nas análises sobre a execução da política orçamentária ao incluir a receita orçamentária total e as despesas liquidadas por grupo de natureza de pessoal nos testes empíricos. Teoricamente, destacam-se as contribuições sobre as discussões acerca da elaboração dos orçamentos no Brasil, as questões de interferências na execução orçamentária por mudanças partidárias e o desequilíbrio financeiro.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STATE-OWNED BANKS’ ROLE IN THE ECONOMY OF EASTERN EUROPE COUNTRIES AND UKRAINE
Authors: O. O. Lyubich  , G. P. Bortnikov  , A. O. Drobyazko
Published: August 2020

The state-owned banks (SOB) hold a prominent position in the national banking systems of most Eastern European countries. In this region, the BUDCs are specialized and mainly represented by national development banks and export-import banks. There is no development bank inUkraine, and the domestic export-import bank, by its profile, runs universal business model that covers retail and corporate clients, as well as a bank-to-bank function.

In general, the SOBs mainly implement four types of national strategic programs: infrastructure development, support for small and medium-sized businesses, regional development, and overcoming sectoral imbalances. These programs are broken down by product into loans, guarantees and subsidies. In some countries, the SOBs also maintain student loans, mortgage loans, support for innovative and start-up businesses. The sources of funding for these programs are capital, funds raised from international financial institutions, and debt through debt issuance. As a rule, the SOB implements these programs through partner financial institutions and regional funds. The indicators of the effectiveness of these programs are the volume of loan portfolios, the number of enterprises created and saved jobs. The quality and profitability of loan portfolios are of secondary importance, but they are also taken into account in evaluating the performance of SOBs.

Based on a comparative analysis of the SOBs’ performance, the authors concluded that it is necessary to implement similar programs inUkraine, taking into account the stage of development of the national economy, sectoral and regional disparities. Firstly, it is necessary to increase the scope of preferential lending to priority industries and regions, with the offer of credit products, loan guarantees and interest rate subsidies. Second, as a national development bank, it is advisable to consolidate one of the state-owned banks, which should undergo asset rehabilitation, transform the resource base, enter the domestic and foreign borrowing markets. Third, the transformation of the public banking sector inUkraineshould occur in parallel with the approval by the Government of Ukraine of national and regional programs of credit stimulation of the economy. It is advisable for each financial support program, to establish key performance indicators (quantifiable and qualitative goals) and to provide monitoring of performance, with adjustments of directions and priorities as needed.
PECULIARITIES OF BUILDING THE VALUE CHAIN OF THE IT-INDUSTRY OUTSOURCING ENTERPRISES
Authors: L. I. Piddubna  , I. O. Piddubnyi  , N. V. Proskurnina  , M. V. Gorobinska
Published: August 2020

The active development of information and communication technologies and the enhancement of their impact on the world economy requires the search for new and adaptation of existing tools and mechanisms of competitiveness management for the needs of the IT-industry subjects. The peculiarities of building the value chain of the IT-industry enterprises have been considered and the volumes of the global IT-companies market have been analyzed. When using the value chain concept, an enterprise has the ability to identify and focus efforts on generating high-order competitive advantages, which are relevant for high-tech IT-companies. The value creation chain helps to divide all kinds of activities into strategic groups for a detailed analysis of the company, on the basis of which managers can better evaluate the stages at which the value of the product is created and where the work of the enterprise can be optimized.

The necessity of adjusting the management of these IT-companies to determine their competitive advantages has been substantiated. The competitiveness of the company has been evaluated in the context of the influence of the main competitive forces and the main threats have been identified. The directions of value chain modification for the needs of TEAM International Services Inc. have been determined. An IT-industry value chain has been offered. It consistently demonstrates the main and accompanying activities that shape product value on the example of US outsourcing company TEAM International Services Inc. It is defined that in the process of building a value chain for an outsourced IT-company, it is expedient to take into account the main stages of a software product pricing. Such approach allows influence the company competitiveness, isolate sources of international competitive advantages of the IT-industry enterprises, namely: continuous technological modernization, use of qualitative licensed software, adaptability of corporate policy and culture, wide opportunities for company employees.
ASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF TRADE RELATIONS OF LATVIA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: I. Stecenko  , A. Alekseev
Published: August 2020

In the article presented, the authors carry out the analysis of export — import operations of Latvia with Asian countries. Based on the UN Resolution on Sustainable Development 2030 adopted in 2015, the concept of developing the world until 2030 is presented for seventeen goals and 169 goals. The convergence of Europe and Asia based on the trade cooperation will certainly lead to a deepening of economic relations between the regions. Using the trading strategies of P. Krugman, C. Lancaster and I. B. Krevis, the authors analyze export-import operations between the countries of Southeast Asia and Latvia. The authors, particularly focus on the main partners of Southeast Asia: the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. The authors carried out the analysis of the calculated volume of exports to countries for the period from 2015 to 2017, as well as carried out the analysis of the goods exported by Latvia, identified the leaders of export operations from the countries of Southeast Asia. Based on the statistical date of Latvia, the authors pay special attention to the calculation and classification of exported goods to the countries of Southeast Asia. As a result of the analysis, the authors revealed that the main export goods to Southeast Asia are machinery, mechanisms and electrical equipment, mineral products. The analysis allowed ranking the countries of Southeast Asia by the volume of exported goods.

Given the trade volumes of Latvia and the countries studied, it is proposed to strengthen the role of SMEs in trade between regions. The analysis of the number of small and medium enterprises of Latvia from 2015-2017 is carried out, as well as the inclusion of SMEs in the trade relations of Latvia and the countries of Southeast Asia is justified.
VALUABLE ASPECTS IN THE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT PROCESS
Authors: M. A. Tepliuk  , A. V. Liezina  , M. V. Zavyalova  , N. S. Lysenko  , A. F. Yavorska
Published: August 2020

The main purpose of this article is to comprehensively explore the definition of value, its dissemination in enterprise management processes and the formation of a step-by-step view of providing value aspects for the company that will manifest to all internal and external stakeholders. The study found that in today’s changing environment, under the influence of Industry 4.0, an enterprise seeking to maintain competitive positions in the market and to have sustainable development needs to implement value aspects in the processes of managing its business activities. It is determined that a value-oriented approach to management involves identifying and reconciling key values of a company, recognized and perceived by its stakeholders (investors or creditors, employees, buyers (consumers), suppliers, government institutions, society). It is substantiated that the introduction of management in this direction should be understood as a qualitatively new state of strategic management of the corporation threefold purpose of which is: harmonization and maintenance of balance of individual values of employees, which are transformed into corporate values, which are perceived and adhered to by all members of the enterprise; consistent maximization of the value of the organization and creation of the value of the product that it offers on the market; effective management of the increased complexity and greater uncertainty and risks associated with organizing engagement with all stakeholders to succeed. Formed proposals of the authors can be implemented on a continuous basis, which will lead to constant updating and improvement of the operational activity of enterprises.

The paper presents the stages of creating value aspects in the processes of enterprise management, which have four components. And itself: the birth, expansion, accumulation and implementation. Each stage forms the main components that underlie the next. Thus, compliance with all components creates the creation of a valuable product or service for the external stakeholders (such as the consumer, the environment, society). The factors of the main employees of the company involved in the processes of enterprise management (namely: directors of the enterprise and managers of various units) that provide value aspects of management are also highlighted.
STRATEGIC ORIENTATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY REGULATION: UKRAINE AND EU INTEGRATION PROCESS
Authors: V. G. Boronos  , O. V. Shkarupa  , N. B. Demchyshak  , L. Sineviciene  , T. G. Kubakh
Published: August 2020

The article reveals scientific approaches to the creation of strategic guidelines for European integration processes based on the prediction of indicators of innovative development, considering international experience. This will make it possible to achieve the effectiveness of the processes of regulating innovation activity in the national economy and accelerate the pace of its development. The article proposes to identify relevant indicators of innovation activity to promote innovation changes based on the analysis of the overall innovation index of countries using econometric instruments. The characteristics of the process of introducing innovations in Ukraine are given in accordance with the individual components of the overall innovation index, which, according to the results of the calculation of the European Innovation Scoreboard, gives an idea of the various categories of countries-innovators in terms of the degree of innovative support for their economies. Based on the analysis of international statistical reporting, trends in the development of the innovation index in Ukraine and the European Union for a short-term period are established. Based on the Gompertz method, it is shown how the dynamics of each indicator will change, depending on the obtained predictive values of innovation development indices. This allows to determine the significance of regulatory instruments and generate appropriate forecasts. The methodology for finding regulatory instruments in the innovation development management system is developed depending on the speed of management intervention in the process of stimulating innovative changes. Strategic guidelines for the use of instruments for managing innovative development are formed depending on each index specifically. The content of the instruments is proposed depending on the priorities of the European integration activity and the influence of management on the formation of reforms, which will ensure the targeting of innovative regulatory initiatives in precisely those areas where the response of the national economy to the implemented influences will be most effective.
THE IMPACT OF THE BUDGETARY COMPONENT OF FISCAL POLICY ON MACROECONOMIC GROWTH IN CONDITIONS OF FINANCIAL DECENTRALIZATION: CASE OF UKRAINE
Authors: O. A. Shevchuk  , V. V. Martynenko
Published: August 2020

The article examines the role of the budget component of Ukraine’s fiscal policy in macroeconomic growth. The directions of increase of economic growth under the influence of financial decentralization are offered. The expediency of using multifactor economic and mathematical modelling in the study of the dynamics of the national accounts of Ukraine under the influence of indicators of the budget component of fiscal policy is substantiated.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamics of national accounts under the influence of the budget component of fiscal policy in the context of financial decentralization. A number of methods have been widely used in the study, including economic and mathematical modelling, correlation-regression analysis, factor analysis, and so on. These methods will underpin the development of strategic prospects for economic growth of the Ukrainian economy under conditions of financial decentralization.

It is substantiated that an increase in the share of local budget expenditures in consolidated budget expenditures and a decrease in the share of state budget expenditures in GDP lead to an increase in the physical volume index of GDP and an increase in GDP in actual prices. It is also proven that the share of local budget expenditures in consolidated budget expenditures has an immediate direct impact on the GDP physical volume index.

Another significant factor of direct influence on the GDP physical volume index is identified – the share of capital expenditures (development expenditures) in local budgets, as one of the indicators of financial decentralization efficiency. It is substantiated that the share of state budget expenditures in consolidated budget expenditures is a factor of inverse effect on GDP (in actual prices), and the share of capital expenditures is a factor of direct influence.

It is proved that financial decentralization in Ukraine is an important factor of economic growth of the Ukrainian economy, as the increase of the share of local budget expenditures in the consolidated budget expenditures and the reduction of the share of state budget expenditures in GDP lead to an increase in the GDP physical volume index and an increase in actual GDP.
FINANCIAL LITERACY AS THE BASIS OF THE CULTURE OF UKRAINE’S POPULATION
Authors: A. M. Klochko  , A. S. Politova  , A. M. Khankevych  , R. O. Havrik
Published: August 2020

It has been noted that the modern development of the financial sphere of Ukraine is one of the priorities of the state administration agencies. Economic awareness of the population leads to a decrease in unemployment, stability of the national currency and the formation of a new economic culture of the population, which requires, above all, an adequate level of the financial literacy.

It has been concluded that the functioning of all spheres of society is not possible without the use of the financial information, application of financial knowledge. Financial awareness helps to understand key financial concepts and use them to make decisions about income, expenses and savings, to choose the proper financial instruments, to plan the budget, to accumulate funds for future goals.

Existing scientific approaches have been studied and the authors have offered own definition of the concept of «financial literacy», which means awareness, knowledge, skills, attitudes (life guides) and behavior, which allow to make sound financial decisions for achieving personal financial well-being, as well as financial activity of every citizen of the state to ensure social stability in society.

The authors have distinguished a number of factors that affect the financial literacy of the population and they include: ignorance in the financial sphere; ignorance of how financial institutions of the state operate and their advantages; distrust to financial institutions and financial organizations; inability to distribute income and expenses; fear of starting own business.

It has been noted that increasing the level of the financial literacy of Ukrainian citizens will enhance their ability to exercise effective financial control over the use of their own financial resources and to make sound financial decisions, and in our opinion, would become an integral element of the financial culture of society.

It has been substantiated that there is no agency in Ukraine responsible for the implementation of the state policy in the field of the financial literacy of the population, which would develop, implement the National Program for raising the level of financial literacy of the population, and would also monitor the situation on this issue in Ukraine.

Perspective research areas are the study of the effectiveness of teaching the discipline «Financial Literacy» in general secondary schools.
THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PROVIDING: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE AND THE LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: O. M. Omelchuk  , V. A. Vatras  , O. P. Podra  , V. V. Savenko
Published: August 2020

In the current conditions of globalization changes, increased competition, informatization of all spheres of public life, strategic development direction of Ukraine is to develop innovative and investment socially oriented model of sustainable economic development. Under such conditions, human capital is a key factor in enhancing the competitiveness of the national economy; it is an asset that capable to provide the receiving of competitive advantage through the use of unique human capabilities that in today’s information society is a driving force in building and providing sustainable economic development. The accumulation and reproduction of human capital should be considered as a strategic resource capable to ensure the sustainable socio-economic and spiritual-intellectual development of society. It is relevant to study and use European experience in implementing an action plan to ensure the sustainable development of the European Union (EU) through the development and accumulation of human capital, in particular the «Europe 2020» strategy. It is found out that Ukraine has its own programs, strategies and action plans to ensure sustainable economic development based on human capital. In order to determine the level of development of human capital of Ukraine, the country’s position on this indicator in various international rankings was analyzed. It is found out that Ukraine has formed national legislation based on the Constitution of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine, presidential decrees, CMU decrees, international agreements and other documents adopted by state authorities and provide for the formation, development, reproduction of the basic components of human capital. Priority directions of ensuring the liberal-democratic legal field of human capital development in the conditions of innovation, technical and demographic challenges, development of the information society and
MONEY LAUNDERING: MACROECONOMIC ASSESSMENT METHODS AND CURRENT TREND IN UKRAINE
Authors: O. Y. Korystin  , I. P. Mihus  , N. P. Svyrydiuk  , Ya. O. Likhovitskyy  , О. M. Mitina
Published: August 2020

The paper examines the scientists’ approaches to the evaluation of money laundering. Attention is drawn to the macroeconomic results of such an analysis. The research on the scope of money laundering and its impact on the country’s economy is reviewed. Relevant literature and selected techniques have been highlighted and are widely available in the world. The focus is on discussing the macroeconomic implications of money laundering and on finding methods for evaluating the various scales and conclusions reached by various scholars on the scope and flows of money laundering.

An authors’ approach to the analysis of the phenomenon of money laundering is proposed based on the study of the links between the level of money laundering with the level of vulnerability of economic sectors and the spread of other negative socio-economic phenomena. Using unique empirical data obtained as a result of an expert survey in the field of money laundering, conducted a statistical analysis and test of the statistical hypothesis regarding the presence of interconnections and to determine the essential dependence of money laundering level on the selected indicators’ subgroups of macroeconomic nature for analysis based on Pearson and Kendall’s Taw correlation coefficients.

The conclusions on the correlation between the level of money laundering in Ukraine and macroeconomic processes in Ukraine are substantiated: shadowing of economic relations, optimization of tax burden at the initiative of business entities and «prosperity» of money laundering due to strong corruption ties in this sphere.

The grounds for determining the priorities of further state policy in the sphere of anti-money laundering have been formed, for the national financial monitoring of relevant benchmarks of increased risk of financial transactions in specific sectors of the economy and possible further methodological use of sectoral analysis (with wider coverage of the national economic sectors) money laundering risks.