bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo Bibliométrico Sobre A Utilização Das Tecnologias Da Informação E Comunicação Na Gestão De Recursos Hídricos
Authors: Pinheiro Marcus Vinícius Chiulle , Georges Marcos Ricardo Rosa , Falsarella Orandi Mina
Published: October 2021

A sustentabilidade é um tema que possui grande relevância e apresenta como base três principais dimensões: a social, a ambiental e a econômica. Sabe-se que um dos elementos mais importantes e finitos no planeta é a água. No contexto da sustentabilidade a água é um recurso responsável por ser o sustento de pessoas que sobrevivem de atividades primárias, secundárias e terciárias, como agricultura, pecuária e necessidades básicas humanas. Percebe-se também a existência de muitos dados e informações relacionados a água, como, retenção, armazenamento, captação, tratamento, distribuição, consumo e devolução. Após abordar a importância desse elemento ou após exemplificar a importância desse elemento é gerada uma discussão sobre a gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos em bacias hidrográficas e o auxílio que as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) podem contribuir para o processo de tomada de decisão de da gestão de recursos hídricos. Assim, tendo em vista os atores (pessoas que sobrevivem de atividades primárias, secundárias e terciárias) e dados sendo produzidos em origens distintas e de alta complexidade envolvida, é interessante um estudo que tenha como base entender como as TIC modernas estão auxiliando o processo de tomada de decisão na gestão de recursos hídricos na esfera pública, especialmente, em relação a gestão das bacias hidrográficas. Portanto, define-se como objetivo deste trabalho pesquisar como a aplicação das TIC têm sido utilizadas na gestão dos recursos hídricos. Para atingir este objetivo, este trabalho realizará um estudo bibliométrico. Esse estudo bibliométrico será feito utilizando-se as seguintes palavras chaves combinadas entre si: Gestão de Recursos Hídricos, Sistema de Apoio à Decisão, Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, Big Data. À vista disso, a base de dados escolhida para a pesquisa é o Scielo. Os resultados iniciais obtidos serão filtrados para excluir trabalhos não pertinentes e resultados repetidos. Após avaliação de pertinência dos resultados iniciais, os artigos selecionados serão estudados e classificados à luz de diversos critérios, como: qual tecnologia citada; qual o aspecto da gestão hídrica em que foi utilizada, em qual bacia hidrográfica foi aplicada, além de ano de publicação, periódico, autores, instituição, métodos de pesquisa utilizado e área de estudo. Através do auxílio de uma planilha eletrônica, os dados serão tabulados, os gráficos e as estatísticas descritivas serão gerados. A partir desses resultados serão feitas análises de como a produção científica em relação à utilização das TIC na gestão dos recursos hídricos nas bacias hidrográficas que têm sido utilizadas.
Arborização Urbana na bacia do Rio Roncador em Duque de Caxias
Authors: Costa Thaís dos Santos , Silva Samantha Monteiro , Fonseca Jorge Nassar Fleury da
Published: October 2021

O inchaço populacional das regiões centrais das grandes cidades  e a expansão para as áreas periféricas adjacentes, configurando aquilo que se entende por expansão urbana, apontam para a necessidade de um planejamento que equacione o aumento dos serviços e das infraestruturas urbanas e garantia de um ambiente urbano de qualidade para a população. Tornar as cidades e os assentamentos humanos inclusivos, seguros, resilientes e sustentáveis é um desafio para os gestores públicos e planejadores urbanos. Entendendo a importância da arborização urbana para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos habitantes das cidades, e para a construção de cidades habitáveis e resilientes, o presente trabalho aborda a arborização em uma área de expansão na Bacia do Rio Roncador, no município de Duque de Caxias, na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. A partir de dados climáticos e de estudos de tendências de expansão urbana sobre as áreas de cobertura vegetal existentes no município, foi desenvolvido um diagnóstico quantitativo de arborização  (levantamento in loco e imagens do satélite Landsat 8). O mapeamento da arborização  foi associado aos dados de climatologia desenvolvidos pelos laboratórios DCLURME (UFRRJ) e LASA (UFRJ) e analisados segundo o índice ideal de arborização. Os mapas foram elaborados com o software QGIS. Os resultados apontam para condições de arborização muito aquém
Relações Bilaterais Entre Brasil E Argentina Na Pandemia Do Covid-19
Authors: Silva Adriano Matias da , Andrade Gerson Bessa de
Published: October 2021

Ter uma visão entre Brasil e Argentina no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 bem como se dá o caso dos dois países de forma individual no enfrentamento da pandemia. Essa pesquisa está diante de um cenário de crise econômica e geopolítica global advinda com a pandemia do novo coronavírus que forçou os Estados e Nações a criarem uma perspectiva de recuperação econômica para os momentos durante e pós-pandemia. Nesse sentido, busca-se analisar como se dá às relações entre Brasil e Argentina em aspectos ambientais, geoeconômicos e políticos num sentido de integração entre esses países que são grandes destaques no continente Sul-americano, no que se refere as dinâmicas de desenvolvimento econômico, integração produtiva e regional diante desta crise mundial de saúde e seus potenciais impactos causados ao meio ambiente.
A Problem-Oriented System of Control and Optimization
of Basic Parameters of Technical Complex Systems
Authors: Martyanov E. I. , Karpushkin S. V. , Alekseev V. V.
Published: October 2021

: The paper proposes a methodology for the development of a control and optimization system, which is used to solve the design problems of technical complex systems. The systems developed on the basis of this methodology are easy to use and create more accurate estimates of the values of the parameters of technical complex systems than using traditional methods based on solving empirical equations. An example of the implementation of the proposed methodology is a problem-oriented system designed to optimize the parameters of a two-blade mixer of a vertical capacitive apparatus.
Synthesis of a Square Radiator for Aerological Sensing Radar Stations
Authors: Kudryashov M. A. , Belousov O. A. , Dmitrievtsev A. Yu. , Kiryupin M. M.
Published: October 2021

The main aspects of the synthesis of a quadrifilar radiator are considered. The choice of the emitter is explained and its mathematical model is presented. The application of the method of phenomenological models has been substantiated. Computer simulation of two models of a quadrifilar radiator in the complex of electrodynamic modeling is carried out and the resulting electrodynamic characteristics are given. A comparison of two phenomenological models is given and their application as part of an antenna array used in complexes of aerological radio monitoring stations is grounded.
Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps for Heat and Mass Transfer Processes
Authors: Nikitin D. V. , Rodionov Yu. V. , Makhmud M. A. S. , Skomorokhova A. I. , Pakhomov A. N. , Zorin A. S.
Published: October 2021

The paper examines the calculation of a liquid ring vacuum pump, using the example of the drying process of various materials. It was found that for two-stage convective vacuum-impulse drying it is economically efficient to use a two-stage liquid ring vacuum pump with the ability to turn off the second stage. A method for calculating the specific power of one-stage and two-stage liquid ring vacuum pumps, taking into account heat and mass transfer and thermal processes that occur during operation is proposed.
The Effect of Chalcones and Flavanones
on Zymase Fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Sinyutina S. E. , Shubina A. G. , Rosenblum L. V.
Published: October 2021

The biological activity of seven chalcones and six flavanones in yeasts of the Saccharomycetaceae family has been investigated. It has been shown that
2',4'-dihydroxychalcone, 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-ethylchalcone, 7-hydroxy-6-ethylflavanone, 7-hydroxy-6-n-hexylflavanone, 7-methoxy-6-tert-butylflavanone at a concentration
of 50...100 μmol/l suppresses the metabolism of the yeast cell and reduces the zymase fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It was found that the investigated flavanomes have no biological activity in relation to Candida albicans.
The Analysis of Properties of Thermal Sensitive Elements in Measuring Devices for Thermal Properties of Materials
Authors: Loskutova A. D. , Korolev A. P.
Published: October 2021

The analysis of properties of thermosensitive elements used in devices for monitoring the temperature and thermophysical properties of the medium and materials is carried out. Thermal converters made of various materials are considered: metals, semiconductors, oxides. The sensitivity to infrared radiation of the considered elements is analyzed. The range of measured temperatures and the linearity of the output characteristics of the converters are investigated. A conclusion is made about
the purposefulness of using one or another type of thermosensitive elements.
Production of Graphene-Containing Suspensions
for Liquid-Phase Shear Exfoliation of Graphite
Authors: Al-Jarakh R. A. , Pershin V. F. , Osipov A. A.
Published: October 2021

A method and device for obtaining graphene-containing suspensions by liquid-phase shear exfoliation of graphite in a continuous mode have been developed. The comparison of the intensities of the process of exfoliation of graphite in the periodic and continuous modes was carried out and it was found that the intensity
of the exfoliation process in the continuous mode is higher than in the periodic one.
The limiting concentration of graphene structures in a suspension is reached 1.5 times faster when using an apparatus operating in a continuous mode than in a periodic mode, and its numerical value is greater (by at least 25 %).
Migration and Asylum Flows to Germany: New Insights Into the Motives
Authors: Nowak-Lehmann Felicitas , Cardozo Adriana , Martínez-Zarzoso Inmaculada
Published: October 2021

This study analyzes the determinants of both total migration and asylum migration to Germany. For the analysis, a comprehensive empirical model is set up that includes climate change, economic opportunities, such as per capita income differentials, links to Germany, home country characteristics (population growth, poverty, consumer confidence, unemployment), the political and institutional situation in the sending countries (measured by internal and external conflict, ethnic and religious tensions, government stability, law and order, military in politics), and a control for migration opportunities to alternative destinations. Panel data techniques (Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood) for the estimation of the parameters of interest are employed using a panel of 115 (134) origin countries for asylum migration (total migration) over the period of 1996–2017 or 2001–2017, depending on data availability. The analysis reveals that political, socioeconomic, and economic factors determine both total migration and asylum migration. Economic factors are also determinants of asylum applications, as asylum seekers most often come for several reasons. Poverty plays a distinct role in total migration and asylum migration. An alleviation of poverty in origin countries is associated with less overall migration to Germany but with more asylum migration. Increases in average temperature also impact asylum migration in the expected direction, thus, increasing forced migration. The most interesting findings are revealed when considering country groupings (main migration countries, major asylum countries, countries whose asylum applicants enjoy high, intermediate, or low recognition rates).
Explaining Attitudes Towards Immigration: The Role of Economic Factors
Authors: García-Muñoz Teresa María , Milgram-Baleix Juliette
Published: October 2021

In this article, we investigate the determinants of individuals’ opinions concerning the economic impact of immigrants. Unlike most previous studies, we use a large sample of 61 countries (Joint WVS/EVS 2017–2020 dataset) that are either net receivers or net emitters of migrants. Using a multilevel model, we test the effect of individuals’ characteristics and of several macroeconomic variables on the assessment of immigrants’ impact on development. We highlight that natives’ evaluation of the economic consequences of immigration is more influenced by age, trust, education, and income than by contextual variables such as growth, inflation, inequalities, income level, or number of immigrants in the country. Our results match with the hypothesis that immigrants are considered substitutes for low- and medium-skilled workers in capital-abundant countries. However, neither labour-market nor welfare-state considerations can be considered as the main drivers of the appraisals made about the economic impact of immigration. Our results tend to confirm the prediction that greater contact with immigrants reduces anti-immigrant opinions, in particular for skilled people. In contrast, immigrant inflows lead low- and medium-skilled people to make worse judgments concerning the economic consequences of immigration. All in all, our results validate the view that education comprises a major part of the cognitive assessment of the role played by immigrants in the economy, at least in high-income countries.
Introduction to Migration and Refugee Flows: New Insights
Authors: Martínez-Zarzoso Inmaculada
Published: October 2021

Population movements between countries and continents are not recent phenomena. What is new today is that migration flows are increasingly linked to the globalization process and to environmental degradation. Most of the migrants leave their homes for economic reasons, but also due to the higher frequency of natural disasters. Of the total migrant population, those who escape from conflicts or persecution still represent a smaller fraction and are entitled to obtain refugee status. This thematic issue includes eight articles that analyse migration flows and migration governance from different analytical perspectives. Five of the eight contributions examine the role that several factors play in explaining international migration flows and its effects, namely cultural diversity, information technology tools, governance, terrorism, and attitudes towards immigration. The remaining three articles are country studies that analyse the socio-economic causes/effects of migration flows to Portugal, Spain, and Germany, devoting special attention to forced migration and refugees.
Location of Tatar Settlements in the Middle and Lower Tara Region According to 18th Century Maps
Authors: Tikhomirov K. N. , Tikhomirova M. N.
Published: October 2021

Тhis article discusses the location of Tatar settlements in the lower and middle reaches of the Tara on maps of the Tarsky Uyezd (1784 and 1798) and on topographic plan of the Kartashevskago and Bergamotskaya districts of the Tarsky Uyezd (1798). These maps had not been previously used for reconstructing the history of the region. To test their accuracy, other sources are used, including the Inventory Book of the Tarsky Uyezd, Gerhard Miller’s itineraries, etc., as well as the results of archaeological and ethnographic studies. Based on the analysis of maps, patterns in the locations of Tatar settlements are reconstructed. They were situated between the mouth of Tara and its confl uence with the Chertalinka River on the right bank, and between the Chertalinka and Kalinka rivers on the left bank. The reliability of the late 18th century maps as sources of information about the winter and summer settlements of the Tatars of the Middle and Lower Tara is assessed. These maps do not suggest that the settlements were still seasonal rather than permanent at that time. The winter camps were situated on the Tara high terrace, away from the valley, and summer camps were on the fl ood plain, close to the villages. The general pattern was that people settled along the river, often close to the places where the Tara tributaries fl owed into it. Place names are suggestive of seasonal settlements. Comparison with modern maps suggests that the current settlements pattern on the Lower and Middle Tara emerged in the late 18th century.
Tungus-Manchu Traditional Beliefs. Part 1: Fertility Cult and Images of Divine Ancestresses
Authors: Sem T. Y.
Published: October 2021

This article explores the traditional beliefs of the Tungus-Manchu peoples and is based on the hermeneutic and comparative analysis of the fertility cult. Some of its aspects are related to images of divine ancestresses, the tree of life, the hearth cult, ancestral lineage, and animistic beliefs. For the fi rst time, cults of fertility, as well as those of divine ancestresses, are regarded as an integral whole. This analysis demonstrates that images of ancestresses are preserved in mythology, rituals (specifi cally domestic ones), tribal culture, and cultural features related to birth, shamanism, ludic culture, and applied art. Also, they relate to the hearth cult, fi re rites, the tree of souls or tree of life, creation, and shamanism as part of folk medicine and rites of passage. The conclusion is made that the Tungus-Manchu fertility cult is an inherent religious system, relevant to the mentality, archetypal cultural values, ethno-cultural specifi city, and contacts with other peoples.
Comparing the Performance on the MI and SAT/PSAT for the Purpose of Monitoring Student Achievement
Authors:   Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, USA, McDonald Michael , Pang Yulei
Published: October 2021

This paper will discuss the correlation between the SAT and the Math Inventory Test. Many school districts adopted the Math Inventory as a tool to measure student growth from grades kindergarten through high school. The Math Inventory is a computer-administered test that gives students math problems spanning from counting to high school level math. When completed, the students are given a quantile measure, much like a Lexile score for reading skill. The purpose of this study is to figure out if success on the Math Inventory is a good indicator for performing well on the SAT. For most high schools around the United States, objectives and lessons are aligned with those of the SAT. The goal of high school teachers is for students to excel on the SAT so that they can go to college, which means the tests used in middle school should be aligned with that goal. If the Math Inventory is not, then it might not be a very good use of school time and resources. Data was analyzed from the 2017-2018 school year from ten different high schools in an urban school district to determine the correlation between Math Inventory score, and the math score/sub scores of SAT/PSAT. The value of the Pearson’s correlation coefficient is used to suggest a fairly moderate positive relationship between these two variables.
University Students’ Online Learning Self-efficacy and Self-regulated Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Kartasura, Surakarta 57102, Indonesia, Ulfatun Titik , Septiyanti Fitri , Lesmana Aprilia Garia
Published: October 2021

The teaching and learning process has shifted online since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Students have had to adapt to the new situation. Thus, it is necessary to explore their self-efficacy and self-regulated learning. The objective of this paper is twofold: 1) to describe the profiles of students’ online learning self-efficacy and students’ online self-regulated learning; and 2) to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulated learning in online learning among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This quantitative study included a sample (n = 260) of university students enrolled in an accounting education study program. First, the study found that students exhibit a high level of online learning self-efficacy and online self-regulated learning. Second, the results of this study revealed a strong positive correlation between students’ online self-efficacy and online self-regulated learning (r = 0.67, p < 0.0005). This indicates that students’ high levels of online self-efficacy are correlated with their high levels of online self-regulated learning.
Investigating Computer Science Instructors Behavioral Intention to Adopt the Flipped Classroom Applying an Extended UTAUT Model: The Role of Age, Gender, and Experience
Authors:   Saudi Electronic University. She is now with the School of Electronic and Computer Science, University of Southampton, UK, Bakheet Eman M. , Gravell Andrew M.
Published: October 2021

The Flipped classroom has been applied widely in teaching computing courses. This paper aims to explore the impact of the moderating factors from the instructors’ perspectives. The study presents the findings obtained from semi-structured interviews with fourteen flipped classroom practitioners. This article investigated three potential moderators, age, gender, and experience. The results show that age and gender do not have strong evidence on their impact on the factors that could influence the instructor's adoption decision. However, some indicators by practitioners refer to experience as a possible moderator that might have impacted the factors that could influence computer science instructors to adopt the flipped classroom.
Prevalence and indications for caesarean section in Enugu state, Nigeria
Authors: Nwoga Hope O. , Ajuba Miriam O. , Igweagu Chukwuma P.
Published: October 2021

Background: Caesarean section (C/S) is one of the commonly performed surgical procedures in obstetrics. This procedure has been on the increase in the past decade, creating a public health concern. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of C/S delivery in a tertiary health facility in Nigeria.Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Data was retrieved from the delivery cards of the mothers. Data was analysed using SPSS version 25 and variables were presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Chi-square test was performed with the level of significance set at p≤0.05. Binary logistic regression was used to determine factors that predicted C/S delivery.Results: The prevalence of C/S was 48.3%. Commonest indication for C/S was 2 or more previous C/S. Mothers aged >30 years, employed, higher educational level, higher parity and delivered preterm predicted C/S delivery on logistic regression.Conclusions: The prevalence of C/S was high. Higher maternal age, employment, higher educational level, higher parity and preterm delivery were positively associated with C/S delivery.
Fetomaternal outcome in operative vaginal delivery
Authors: B. Jeyamani , Dhasleema A. Nashreen
Published: October 2021

Background: Operative vaginal deliveries (OVD) were performed with the help of vacuum or forceps in the second stage of labor when mother and foetus condition is threatening. A successful assisted vaginal delivery avoids caesarean section and its associated morbidity and implications for future pregnancy. The aim of the study was to assess the maternal and neonatal outcome of vacuum and forceps assisted vaginal deliveries.Methods: It was a retrospective comparative cross sectional study done in VMKVMCH, Salem in obstetrics and gynecology department, from the period of April to June 2021. All the mothers delivered by operative vaginal delivery were included. Mothers with multiple pregnancies, preterm and breech presentation were excluded. Data collected using patients information sheet and analysis was done using SPSS 23. P value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: The most common age group was 21-25 years of age in both groups and most commonly used in primigravida. The most common indication for forceps assisted delivery in our study was the prolonged second stage labour and in vacuum delivery was poor maternal effort. In our study, common complication noted was extended episiotomy followed by perineal tear in forceps group and vice versa in vacuum group. Cephalhematoma was found to be more common in vacuum and scalp and instrumental injuries were more common in forceps assisted vaginal deliveries.Conclusions: Operative vaginal deliveries helps in improving both maternal and foetal outcomes and reduces the caesarean delivery rate and vacuum significantly reduces maternal trauma than forceps. No difference noted in neonatal outcome.
Serum lactate dehydrogenase level in pre-eclampsia and its correlation with maternal and fetal outcome
Authors: Vyas Niyanta P. , Gopalakrishna Nandini , Fernandes Jessica
Published: October 2021

Background: Hypertensive disorders are the most common medical disorders during pregnancy. It increases maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The incidence is 7 to 10%. Identifying high risk patients and close monitoring can reduce the complications. Lactate dehydrogenase is a useful biochemical marker and can be used to evaluate maternal complications like Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), HELLP syndrome (Haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and lowered platelets), pulmonary edema, renal failure and fetal complications like Fetal growth restriction (FGR) APGAR score ≤7 at 5 min and Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions. The objective of this study was to estimate serum Lactate dehydrogenase levels (LDH) in pre-eclampsia patients and study the correlation between increased LDH levels and maternal and fetal outcome.Methods: It was a prospective study from October 2015 to May 2017 at M. S. Ramaiah medical college and hospitals, Bangalore.Results: The incidence of maternal and foetal complications was increased with higher serum LDH levels. With serum LDH >than 600 IU/l the incidence of HELLP syndrome, DIC, pulmonary edema was statistically significant. It also correlated with increased creatinine levels and decreased platelets with p value<0.001. The foetal complications including FGR NICU admission and Apgar score <7 at 5 min was statistically significant. The liver enzymes and serum creatinine correlated with increased LDH levels.Conclusions: Maternal and foetal complications are increased with raised LDH levels, and it can be used as a biochemical marker to achieve a better outcome.
Study on prevalence of prelabour rupture of membranes and its maternal and fetal outcomes
Authors: Poondru Mamatha , Kala R. , Kumar A.
Published: October 2021

Background: The aim is to study the prevalence of prelabour rupture of the membranes (PROM), to identify risk factors, mode of delivery, and its maternal and fetal effects.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Government Head Quarters Hospital, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, with a duration of 6months (January 2020 – June 2020). The study was conducted on 800 pregnant women between 28-42 weeks of gestational age consecutively and those who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken into study.Results: The prevalence of PROM was 27.9% (tPROM 24.6% and PPROM 3.2%). Most of the cases were primigravida (74%). Risk factors associated with PROM were low socioeconomic state (63.2%), urinary tract infection (UTI) (7.2%), vaginal infections (5.8%), and previous history of PROM (3.1%). Most of the patients were delivered by lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) (55.2%), normal vaginal delivery (39.9%) and forceps delivery (4.9%). The most common indication for LSCS was fetal distress (43.9%). Misoprostol induction was associated with more failed induction (2 times) than syntocinon. Maternal complications were post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) (8%), fever (6.7%), wound infection (6.2%), manual removal of placenta (4.4%), and puerperal sepsis (0.9%). Neonatal complications were neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions (14%), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (11%), neonatal sepsis (2.6%). Maternal (54.5%) and neonatal (90%) morbidity were more in prolonged PROM >24 hours.Conclusions: Antenatal screening for genitourinary infections especially in cases of the previous history of abortions and PROM should be done. Oxytocin is the preferred method of induction over misoprostol in this study. Active management in term PROM cases can reduce the cesarean section rate.
A retrospective analysis of mid trimester termination of pregnancies for fetal congenital malformations at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Suriyanarayanan Geethalakshmi , Kandasamy Vijayalakshmi , Ramachandran Anuradha Coimbatore
Published: October 2021

Background: This study was conducted to analyse the spectrum of fetal anomalies as a cause of pregnancy termination in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This retrospective study includes antenatal women with fetal anomalies diagnosed by an ultrasound (USG) and admitted in Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam from January 2018 to January 2020 for termination of pregnancy. Data was collected from hospital records and analysed.Results: Gestational age of women with fetal congenital anomalies ranged from 13 to 21 weeks. Pregnancy termination, was performed between 17-19 weeks of gestation in 41% of patients, between 13-15 weeks and 19-21 weeks in 23% of women respectively. Congenital fetal anomalies resulting in termination of pregnancy were CNS, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, renal and multiple anomalies. CNS abnormalities was a major cause of termination of pregnancy which includes meningomyelocele, spina bifida, acrania, anencephaly.Conclusions: In our study conducted at our tertiary care center, CNS abnormalities were the major cause of mid trimester termination of pregnancies, followed by musculoskeletal abnormalities being second most common cause.
Survey of obstetric and neonatal outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Josephine J. Princy Emil , William Susan
Published: October 2021

Background: India being the diabetic capital of the world, Indian women have a high prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (16.5%). It can cause a wide range of complications as well as long term implications in both the mother and fetus. A large proportion of women also progress to become overt diabetics in the future hampering with their quality of life by causing morbidity in various forms. Aim of this study is to evaluate the fetomaternal outcome in women with gestational diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care teaching hospital and the incidence of glucose intolerance in these women during the postpartum period.Methods: All patients attending the antenatal OPD were offered a 75g glucose challenge test and 200 patients diagnosed with GDM were included in the study for a period of one year. Fetomaternal complications were studied and postpartum follow up was done in these patients.Results: Out of these 200 women, 49% delivered via LSCS, 46% via labor naturalis and 5% via instrumental delivery. 59.5% were on insulin and 40.5% were treated with meal plan. Pre-eclampsia complicating pregnancy was seen in 26%, polyhydramnios was encountered in 17.5%, Urinary tract infection in 11%, preterm labour in 8.5% and PROM in 7%. Adverse fetal outcome was seen in 5% of the babies. Birth asphyxia was seen in 7.5%, macrosomia in 13%, 5% of the babies had congenital anomalies. In the postapartum follow up at 6 weeks 22.5% of the study population were glucose intolerant (75 gm OGTT).Conclusions: Early detection and prompt management of this condition can tremendously reduce the short term and long-term complications in both the mother and fetus.
Study of the diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy in a rural medical college and hospital
Authors: Pukale Ravindra S. , Nishat Nadia , Venkatesh Shravanthi
Published: October 2021

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the implantation of the blastocyst elsewhere except the endometrial lining of the uterus. Ectopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening adverse pregnancy outcome and it requires prompt evaluation and treatment. It remains to be one of the leading causes of maternal death in the first trimester. But with better health facilities, early diagnosis and prompt treatment morbidity and mortality can be reduced.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted over a period of 2 and a half-years from July 2018 to December 2020, in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Adichunchanagiri Hospital and Research Centre, B. G. Nagara, Karnataka. A total of 22 cases were admitted at our hospital during this time frame. Four modes of treatment were given according to the patient's condition, ultrasound findings and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels; these were laparoscopy, laparotomy, methotrexate injection and conservative management. The outcome measures included success of each treatment modality, need for second mode of treatment in each group and duration of hospital stay. Data was collected in a preconceived format from the patient database retrospectively and analyzed.Results: Total numbers of vaginal deliveries were 4626 during the study period. Of which 0.49% were diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy. The mean age in this study was 26.5 years. Previous history of tubectomy (22.7%), lower segment caesarean section (13.6%), and previous abortion/medical termination of pregnancy (18.1%), pelvic inflammatory disease (9.09%), previous oral contraceptive pills (OCP) use (9.09%), and ovulation induction (4.5%) were major contributing factors responsible for incidence of ectopic pregnancy. The pain was the most consistent presenting symptom in 90.9% of women. A classical triad of ectopic pregnancy (pain, amenorrhea and bleeding per vaginum) seen in 77.2% women. The incidence of tubal ectopic was maximum, i.e. 19 (86.4%) cases out of 22 cases. Among tubal ectopic pregnancies, the most common site was ampulla (68.18%). 14 (63.61%) cases were of ruptured ectopic pregnancies. Complete salpingectomy (50%) was done in maximum women. Salpingo oophorectomy was done in 9.09%. Methotrexate was given to 22.7% of the women. No significant morbidity and mortality was found in our study among 22 patients.Conclusions: Proper evaluation of pregnancy with associated risk factors and early diagnosis will help to preserve the tube and in turn her fertility and thus helps in decreasing morbidity and mortality.
Caesarean scar endometriosis
Authors: Kumari Garima
Published: October 2021

Endometriosis is defined by the presence and growth of ectopic functional endometrial tissue outside the uterus. The symptoms are nonspecific, typically involving abdominal wall pain at the time of menstruation. It commonly follows obstetrical and gynecological surgeries. The diagnosis is frequently made only after excision of scar the diseased tissue. A case report of 34 year old female patient presenting with scar endometriosis 7 years after her last LSCS (lower segment caesarean section). The patient came with the complaint of supra pubic swelling since 6 months, which was growing slowly. Her menstrual history was regular, but she had lower abdominal pain during menstruation. On clinical history, examination and USG finding the swelling was diagnosed as scar endometriosis.
Pregnancy outcome in a bicornuate uterus with bilateral pregnancy presenting as threatened abortion: a case report
Authors: Acharyya Tanaya , Gohain Bandana Shyam , Morang Kripanath
Published: October 2021

Congenital uterine anomalies or mullerian anomalies are prevalent in 0.4 to 10% of women in general and are often manifested by reproductive challenges like miscarriage, premature labor, premature rupture of membranes or malpresentation. Having a bilateral pregnancy in a bicornuate uterus is extremely rare, especially if it is a spontaneous conception.
The risk factors of measles outbreak in Dollo zone Somali region, Ethiopia
Authors: Ali Abdisalan M. , Maalin Mohammed A.
Published: October 2021

Background: Measles is a highly contagious acute viral illness with the possibility of severe and dangerous complications. Measles occurrence is related to urbanization because of high entry of migrants and high population density; cities have become important hubs for the spread of infectious diseases. The African region is a crucial player in the global fight against measles and has made tremendous progress in its effort to immunize children and to control the disease. Despite the accessibility of safe and cost-effective vaccine, measles has remained endemic with persistent periodic outbreaks in the horn of Africa.Methods: We reviewed the measles cases line lists in Dollo zone from January 2017 to March 2018. There was a total of 771-line listed cases in 2017 and 326 line-listed in 2018. Measles case investigations on alerts were also reviewed when there is an alert rumors verification case investigation done. The line list included variables on vaccination status, age, sex, treatment modality, date of onset the rash, date seen health facility, diagnosis, outcome (alive or dead), locations from place cases came from, contact history and travel history were reviewed.Results: We found that the measles outbreak affected different age groups in Dollo zone and most affected age group were between the ages of 15 years to 30 years and most of the cases have no history of immunization.Conclusions: The outbreak affected all age groups, which may show the continuous low routine immunization coverage over several years and the gathering of the susceptible population in the older age group that may have led to the current outbreak.
Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding COVID-19 among obstetric health care professionals in a tertiary care hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Shahwar Dur-e , Naz Sumaira , Saleem Shamila , Malik Ayesha , Raza Amia
Published: October 2021

Background: The recently ongoing pandemic COVID-19 tramp in number of healthcare professionals (HCPs). They are facing the challenge of managing pregnant patients and their unborn babies. This study was done to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) among obstetric health care workers towards the COVlD-19.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among OHCP at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. For each correct answer 2 points were assigned. Scores for each category were calculated. According to Bloom’s cut-off good knowledge was considered for >80% scores, for practice and attitude scores of 8 and 6 were considered as appropriate respectively.Results: A total of 124 responses were analyzed. Most of the responders were females (97.6%) in the age group of 25-50 years (96%). Most obstetrics healthcare professionals had good knowledge and practice scores (n=92.75%, 91.1%, respectively). We also observed positive attitude scores (n=92.7%) with a mean COVlD-19 knowledge score was 18.71±3.34 (range: 10-24) whereas the mean score of practice was 5.76±0.68 (range: 0-6) suggesting good knowledge and practice. The mean attitude score was 8.60±1.37 (range: 2-10) indicating a positive attitude. However, in univariate analysis, we did not find a significant association with categorical variables.Conclusions: There was comparatively good knowledge regarding Covid-19 among obstetric healthcare workers. Implementation and dissemination of hospital infection control guidelines and training against COVID-19 infection helped to attain appropriate knowledge translating into positive attitude and practices among healthcare workers.
An assessment of health facility factors influencing male participation in utilization of antenatal care services among spouses in selected manufacturing industries in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Jelagat Kirui N. , Nyanchoka Keraka M. , F. Musili
Published: October 2021

Background: Male participation in utilization of reproductive health is likely to promote timely and proper antenatal care, encourage women to deliver under the care of a skilled attendant, and also help identify and seek heath care in cases of post-partum complications. However, in most African societies, pregnancy, delivery and postnatal services has been erroneously classified as purely feminine issue by the society.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted for the study. The target population of the study comprised of males above 18 years working in selected manufacturing industries in the area of Babadogo located in Nairobi County, Kenya. The sample size for the study was 266 respondents. Structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Data collected was quantitatively analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).Results: 56.0% (145) of the respondents had accompanied their partner to antenatal care facilities; 34.0% (88) of the respondents had ever participated in ANC services. Chi-square test statistics showed that distance to the nearest health facility (χ2=7.472 df=3, p=0.024), cost of accessing ANC services (χ2=26.253 df=4, p=0.001), attitude of healthcare providers (χ2=31.705 df=3, p=0.001) and friendliness of the waiting bay (χ2=9.718 df=2, p=0.008) significantly influenced male participation in antenatal care services’ utilization among spouses.Conclusions: Despite majority of men accompanying their wives to antenatal care facilities, most of them did not participate in the antenatal care services. Another conclusion is that facility factors such as distance, cost, health care providers’ attitude, and waiting bay friendliness influence male participation in utilization of antenatal care services.
Factors affecting utilization and satisfaction of maternal health care services among mothers of neonates in Paropakar maternity and women’s hospital
Authors: Neupane Shristi , Thapa Janak , Mahotra Narayan Bahadur , Bhandari Lok Raj
Published: October 2021

Background: Knowledge and use of maternal health service is an effectual way to reduce the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality which can be influenced by multiple factors. Maternal service utilization thus plays an important role during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. The aim of the study was to analyse antenatal services as proxy indicator for study purpose.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in post-natal ward of Paropakar maternity and women’s hospital after ethical approval from the Ethical Review Board of the Nepal Health Research Council and Institutional Review Committee of Paropakar maternity and women's hospital and 210 samples were collected by a simple random sampling method. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16.0.Results: Out of 210 participants, only 100 (47.6%) had antenatal care as per protocol. The median age of the women delivering in hospital was 25 years. Women having household income more than 10,000 (OR=2.125, 95% CI=1.065-4.241, p=0.032), impact of mass media for utilization of antenatal care service (OR=14.261, 95% CI=4.881-41.670, p value<0.001), and women’s taking an hour or less to reach health facility (OR=2.763, 95% CI=1.293-5.903, p value=0.009) were found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Majority of women in the study didn’t utilized full antenatal care service as per protocol. There is a need for different community based maternal and child health programs targeting the reproductive aged women and adolescent groups.
Food intake and eating patterns of underprivileged women in a metropolitan city
Authors: Patil Rita S. , Kaku Nidhi
Published: October 2021

Background: India faces the burden of dual-malnutrition due to several influences affecting the dietary-pattern. These causes include economic and social factors. Many migrants come to metropolitan cities in search of livelihood. This study aimed to study the dietary intake of 100 low-socioeconomic women in Mumbai.Methods: These participants were migrants from various states. They lived in slums and worked to supplement family income. A detailed food-frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary-recall were obtained from them.Results: All participants consumed white rice, junk-food and oil. Ninety-five subjects consumed potato, milk and sugar. Areca nut was regularly consumed 33 women. According to the Indian recommended dietary allowances (RDA, 2020), none of the subjects met their energy and protein needs. However, their average fat intake exceeded the recommendation. Older women (33-40 years) had significantly higher intake of calories and fat, compared to younger women (25-32 years) (p=0.03). Fat intake was positively correlated to the abdominal obesity (p=0.04). These women had a low fruit, vegetable, protein and overall caloric intake but a high fat, junk-foods, areca nut and sugar intake.Conclusions: Poor economic conditions and affordability may cause inappropriate dietary-patterns resulting in dual malnutrition which can put these women at a high-risk for metabolic diseases.
Perceived barriers for performing regular physical exercises in non-exercising individuals of the age group 18 to 25 years
Authors: Godbole Sanika , Revadkar Mayur
Published: October 2021

Background: This study was aimed to find out barriers for performing regular physical exercises among non- exercising individuals of the age group 18 to 25 years under the category of physical, mental, college/ work related, environmental, social and others and to explore differences in perception of barriers with regards to gender and profession.Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 36 items was prepared based on review of literature to assess the barriers for physical exercises. A google form link was sent across through social media platforms like WhatsApp, Instagram along with a video prepared by the researcher. Demographic details were filled and online consent was taken from 427 respondents. The 201 respondents fitting to the inclusion criteria were recruited. (Mean age 21.6±0.13 years).Results: The 47.1% respondents were found to be “non-exercising”. College/ work related barrier was reported to be a leading barrier followed by mental barrier. The least common barrier reported was social barrier. Conclusions: The detailed analysis of barriers across genders and professions provides insight to health professionals-physical therapists, general physicians, psychologists about impact of barriers in this age group. Combined efforts of all health professionals, college/ work institution authorities shall play a major part in policy formulation at college/ work institutions to promote physical exercise participation as college/ work related barrier was the leading barrier.
Assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practice of oral hygiene among primary school teachers in Navi Mumbai
Authors: Nakhawa Ojaswee D. , Hindalekar Manjusha S. , Deshmukh Ankita V. , Thakkar Vaibhav P. , Kulkarni Chinmayee V.
Published: October 2021

Background: School age is an important stage in an individual’s development. Early education of oral hygiene by teachers can cause lifelong benefits to students since teachers are closely involved in children during their developmental stages. Oral diseases are becoming global issues and should be considered of public health importance. Yet, oral diseases are a neglected issue, rarely seen as a priority in health policy.Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in primary school teachers from Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. Total 400 school teachers, selected by stratified sampling technique, had participated in this study. Participants were given self-structured questionnaires with 16 dichotomous questions.Results: 67.5% of teachers expressed that they have never received any demonstrations/lectures in maintaining oral hygiene while 82.8% never had any professional training regarding oral hygiene. For the question, Have you received training by a professional on oral health care and hygiene? teachers with less than 1 year of teaching experience 68.8% responded negatively, 78.8% with 1-5 years of experience reported with ‘no’ and 85.4% and 89.4% were negative responses from teachers with 6-10 years of teaching experience and 11-35 years of teaching experience respectively, showing significant value of p=0.026.Conclusions: From this study we understood that, some degree of awareness is seen in younger aged primary school teachers, but it is not satisfactory, suggesting that teachers still have to undergo training for the same. It is hoped that this survey will help in implementation of training programs.