bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KRAS Mutation as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Biliary Tract Cancers
Authors: Yokoyama Masaaki , Ohnishi Hiroaki , Ohtsuka Kouki , Matsushima Satsuki , Ohkura Yasuo , Furuse Junji , Watanabe Takashi , Mori Toshiyuki , Sugiyama Masanori
Published: October 2017

Background

The aim of this study was to identify the unique molecular characteristics of biliary tract cancer (BTC) for the development of novel molecular-targeted therapies.

Materials and Methods

We performed mutational analysis of KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and FBXW7 and immunohistochemical analysis of EGFR and TP53 in 63 Japanese patients with BTC and retrospectively evaluated the association between the molecular characteristics and clinicopathological features of BTC.

Results

KRAS mutations were identified in 9 (14%) of the 63 BTC patients; no mutations were detected within the analyzed regions of BRAF, PIK3CA, and FBXW7. EGFR overexpression was observed in 5 (8%) of the 63 tumors, while TP53 overexpression was observed in 48% (30/63) of the patients. Overall survival of patients with KRAS mutation was significantly shorter than that of patients with the wild-type KRAS gene ( P = 0.005). By multivariate analysis incorporating molecular and clinicopathological features, KRAS mutations and lymph node metastasis were identified to be independently associated with shorter overall survival ( KRAS, P = 0.004; lymph node metastasis, P = 0.015).

Conclusions

Our data suggest that KRAS mutation is a poor prognosis predictive biomarker for the survival in BTC patients.
The Efficiency of Fiscal Equalization. The Case Study of Municipalities in Poland
Authors: Kańduła Sławomira
Published: October 2017

The aim of this article is to assess the effectiveness of the fiscal equalization mechanism for municipalities in Poland. The article reviews the following hypothesis: The fiscal equalisation mechanism for municipalities applied in Poland consists of three parts of the general subsidy. It does decrease the discrepancies between municipalities with respect to their incomes per capita, but the efficiency of the particular transfers varies. The income differences among municipalities have been studied with the use of the minimum and the maximum to average ratio and the variation coefficient. The most effective transfer is the equalising part of the general subsidy. Instruments of horizontal equalisation have a limited impact on reducing the discrepancies between the revenues of municipalities. These discrepancies may be smoothed by redistribution transfers.
Comparative Analysis of the Changing Tax Legislation in Slovenia and Selected Countries
Authors: Štager Vesna , Čokelc Stanko , Fras Vengušt Maruša
Published: October 2017

The main aim of the article is to examine if the tax regulations in Slovenia are changing significantly more often than in the following selected countries: Austria, Great Britain, Croatia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland and Romania, for which we used comparative analysis of the 10 different tax rules. We also investigate the taxpayers` views of Tax Law Complexity. Our research confirmed the hypothesis: that all the selected countries are faced with frequent changes in tax legislation; that taxpayers in Slovenia estimate the complexity of tax rules with the highest degree. Comparative analysis of the changing tax legislation and empirical research of Slovenian Tax Complexity represents an important contribution to science in the field of tax policy, administration and management of local affairs.
Frente al tiempo
Authors: Pereda Iglesias Carlos , Pérez Silanes Óscar
Published: October 2017

Se presentan 5 proyectos, cronológicamente alternados, tanto de carácter dotacional como de vivienda vinculados a diferentes contextos, y cómo los hemos ido conformando materialmente en torno al hormigón.
Edificio de viviendas para realojos en el casco histórico de Pamplona, España.
Authors: Arquitectos Pereda Pérez
Published: October 2017

Obra: Edificio de viviendas para realojos en el casco histórico de Pamplona, España.

Arquitectos: Carlos Pereda Iglesias y Óscar Pérez Silanes. 

Fecha de proyecto y obra: 2010/8 y 2013/6
Theodor Goecke. La vivienda pequeña en el debate urbano alemán de final del S.XIX
Authors: Bosch Abarca Jorge
Published: October 2017

The last decade of the 19th century is especially relevant in Germany with relation to the matter of the working-class housing and its influence in the city shape. During previous years, this dwelling was developed inserted into the large and deep urban block with the few exceptions of occasional works of reform character produced by non-profit building societies. In Berlin, the small dwelling becomes, for the first time, in 1891, an object of attention of the professional collective of architects. With Theodor Goecke as one of its main figures, the debate on the urban form and the working-class housing model will lead towards new proposals for a green and extended city, where in addition to the tenement rental building, the single-family house will become increasingly present. The differentiation of traffics, with the consideration of a new type of street for a more domestic living, not foreseen in the significant nineteenth-century designs of the Berliner city, favour this protagonism and establishes a starting point for the new modern approaches that will consolidate in the German urban planning of the first European post-war.
Summertime OH reactivity from a receptor coastal site in the Mediterranean Basin
Authors: Zannoni Nora , Gros Valerie , Sarda Esteve Roland , Kalogridis Cerise , Michoud Vincent , Dusanter Sebastien , Sauvage Stephane , Locoge Nadine , Colomb Aurelie , Bonsang Bernard
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Total hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity, the total loss frequency of the hydroxyl radical in ambient air, provides the total loading of OH reactants in air. We measured the total OH reactivity for the first time during summertime at a coastal receptor site located in the western Mediterranean Basin. Measurements were performed at a temporary field site located in the northern cape of Corsica (France), during summer 2013 for the project CARBOSOR (CARBOn within continental pollution plumes: SOurces and Reactivity)–ChArMEx (Chemistry and Aerosols Mediterranean Experiment). Here, we compare the measured total OH reactivity with the OH reactivity calculated from the measured reactive gases. The difference between these two parameters is termed missing OH reactivity, i.e., the fraction of OH reactivity not explained by the measured compounds. The total OH reactivity at the site varied between the instrumental LoD (limit of detection  =  3 s−1) to a maximum of 17 ± 6 s−1 (35 % uncertainty) and was 5 ± 4 s−1 (1σ SD – standard deviation) on average. It varied with air temperature exhibiting a diurnal profile comparable to the reactivity calculated from the concentration of the biogenic volatile organic compounds measured at the site. For part of the campaign, 56 % of OH reactivity was unexplained by the measured OH reactants (missing reactivity). We suggest that oxidation products of biogenic gas precursors were among the contributors to missing OH reactivity.
A new balance formula to estimate new particle formation rate: reevaluating the effect of coagulation scavenging
Authors: Cai Runlong , Jiang Jingkun
Published: October 2017

Abstract. A new balance formula to estimate new particle formation rate is proposed. It is derived from the aerosol general dynamic equation in the discrete form and then converted into an approximately continuous form for analyzing data from new particle formation (NPF) field campaigns. The new formula corrects the underestimation of the coagulation scavenging effect that occurred in the previously used formulae. It also clarifies the criteria for determining the upper size bound in measured aerosol size distributions for estimating new particle formation rate. An NPF field campaign was carried out from 7 March to 7 April 2016 in urban Beijing, and a diethylene glycol scanning mobility particle spectrometer equipped with a miniature cylindrical differential mobility analyzer was used to measure aerosol size distributions down to ∼ 1 nm. Eleven typical NPF events were observed during this period. Measured aerosol size distributions from 1 nm to 10 µm were used to test the new formula and the formulae widely used in the literature. The previously used formulae that perform well in a relatively clean atmosphere in which nucleation intensity is not strong were found to underestimate the comparatively high new particle formation rate in urban Beijing because of their underestimation or neglect of the coagulation scavenging effect. The coagulation sink term is the governing component of the estimated formation rate in the observed NPF events in Beijing, and coagulation among newly formed particles contributes a large fraction to the coagulation sink term. Previously reported formation rates in Beijing and in other locations with intense NPF events might be underestimated because the coagulation scavenging effect was not fully considered; e.g., estimated formation rates of 1.5 nm particles in this campaign using the new formula are 1.3–4.3 times those estimated using the formula neglecting coagulation among particles in the nucleation mode.
An assessment of geographical distribution of different plant functional types over North America simulated using the CLASS–CTEM modelling framework
Authors: Shrestha Rudra K. , Arora Vivek K. , Melton Joe R. , Sushama Laxmi
Published: October 2017

Abstract. The performance of the competition module of the CLASS–CTEM (Canadian Land Surface Scheme and Canadian Terrestrial Ecosystem Model) modelling framework is assessed at 1° spatial resolution over North America by comparing the simulated geographical distribution of its plant functional types (PFTs) with two observation-based estimates. The model successfully reproduces the broad geographical distribution of trees, grasses and bare ground although limitations remain. In particular, compared to the two observation-based estimates, the simulated fractional vegetation coverage is lower in the arid southwest North American region and higher in the Arctic region. The lower-than-observed simulated vegetation coverage in the southwest region is attributed to lack of representation of shrubs in the model and plausible errors in the observation-based data sets. The observation-based data indicate vegetation fractional coverage of more than 60 % in this arid region, despite only 200–300 mm of precipitation that the region receives annually, and observation-based leaf area index (LAI) values in the region are lower than one. The higher-than-observed vegetation fractional coverage in the Arctic is likely due to the lack of representation of moss and lichen PFTs and also likely because of inadequate representation of permafrost in the model as a result of which the C3 grass PFT performs overly well in the region. The model generally reproduces the broad spatial distribution and the total area covered by the two primary tree PFTs (needleleaf evergreen trees, NDL-EVG; and broadleaf cold deciduous trees, BDL-DCD-CLD) reasonably well. The simulated fractional coverage of tree PFTs increases after the 1960s in response to the CO2 fertilization effect and climate warming. Differences between observed and simulated PFT coverages highlight model limitations and suggest that the inclusion of shrubs, and moss and lichen PFTs, and an adequate representation of permafrost will help improve model performance.
CO2 efflux from soils with seasonal water repellency
Authors: Urbanek Emilia , Doerr Stefan H.
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are strongly dependent on pore water distribution, which in turn can be modified by reduced wettability. Many soils around the world are affected by soil water repellency (SWR), which reduces infiltration and results in diverse moisture distribution. SWR is temporally variable and soils can change from wettable to water-repellent and vice versa throughout the year. Effects of SWR on soil carbon (C) dynamics, and specifically on CO2 efflux, have only been studied in a few laboratory experiments and hence remain poorly understood. Existing studies suggest soil respiration is reduced with increasing severity of SWR, but the responses of soil CO2 efflux to varying water distribution created by SWR are not yet known.Here we report on the first field-based study that tests whether SWR indeed reduces soil CO2 efflux, based on in situ measurements carried out over three consecutive years at a grassland and pine forest sites under the humid temperate climate of the UK.Soil CO2 efflux was indeed very low on occasions when soil exhibited consistently high SWR and low soil moisture following long dry spells. Low CO2 efflux was also observed when SWR was absent, in spring and late autumn when soil temperatures were low, but also in summer when SWR was reduced by frequent rainfall events. The highest CO2 efflux occurred not when soil was wettable, but when SWR, and thus soil moisture, was spatially patchy, a pattern observed for the majority of the measurement period. Patchiness of SWR is likely to have created zones with two different characteristics related to CO2 production and transport. Zones with wettable soil or low persistence of SWR with higher proportion of water-filled pores are expected to provide water with high nutrient concentration resulting in higher microbial activity and CO2 production. Soil zones with high SWR persistence, on the other hand, are dominated by air-filled pores with low microbial activity, but facilitating O2 supply and CO2 exchange between the soil and the atmosphere.The effects of soil moisture and SWR on soil CO2 efflux are strongly co-correlated, but the results of this study support the notion that SWR indirectly affects soil CO2 efflux by affecting soil moisture distribution. The appearance of SWR is influenced by moisture and temperature, but once present, SWR influences subsequent infiltration patterns and resulting soil water distribution, which in turn affects respiration. This study demonstrates that SWR can have contrasting effects on CO2 efflux. It can reduce it in dry soil zones by preventing their re-wetting, but, at the field soil scale and when spatially variable, it can also enhance overall CO2 efflux. Spatial variability in SWR and associated soil moisture distribution therefore need to be considered when evaluating the effects of SWR on soil C dynamics under current and predicted future climatic conditions.
Water mass distributions and transports for the 2014 GEOVIDE cruise in the North Atlantic
Authors: García-Ibáñez Maribel I. , Pérez Fiz F. , Lherminier Pascale , Zunino Patricia , Tréguer Paul
Published: October 2017

Abstract. We present the distribution of water masses along the GEOTRACES-GA01 section during the GEOVIDE cruise, which crossed the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean and the Labrador Sea in the summer of 2014. The water mass structure resulting from an extended Optimum MultiParameter (eOMP) analysis provides the framework for interpreting the observed distributions of trace elements and their isotopes. Central Waters and Subpolar Mode Waters (SPMW) dominated the upper part of the GEOTRACES-GA01 section in 2014. At intermediate depths, the dominant water mass was Labrador Sea Water, while the deep parts of the section were filled by Iceland–Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW) and North East Atlantic Deep Water. We also evaluate the water mass volume transports across the 2014 OVIDE line (Portugal to Greenland section) by combining the water mass fractions resulting from the eOMP analysis with the absolute geostrophic velocity field estimated through a box inverse model. This allowed us to assess the relative contribution of each water mass to the transport across the section. Finally, we discuss the changes in the distribution and transport of water masses between the 2014 OVIDE line and the 2002–2010 mean state. At the upper and intermediate water levels, colder end-member of the water masses replaced the warmer ones in 2014 with respect to 2002–2010, in agreement with the observed cooling of the surface and intermediate waters. Below 2000 dbar, ISOW increased its contribution in 2014 with respect to 2002–2010, increase related to the observed salinization since 2002. We also observed an increase in SPMW in the East Greenland Irminger Current in 2014 with respect to 2002–2010, which supports the recent deep convection events in the Irminger Sea. The assessment of the relative contribution of each water mass to the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) across the OVIDE line allows identifying the water masses involved in the increase in the AMOC intensity from 2002–2010 to 2014. The increase in the AMOC intensity is related to the increase in the northward transport of the Central Waters in its upper limb, and to the increase in the southward flow of SPMW of the Irminger Basin and ISOW in its lower limb.
Sequential assimilation of satellite-derived vegetation and soil moisture products using SURFEX_v8.0: LDAS-Monde assessment over the Euro-Mediterranean area
Authors: Albergel Clément , Munier Simon , Leroux Delphine Jennifer , Dewaele Hélène , Fairbairn David , Barbu Alina Lavinia , Gelati Emiliano , Dorigo Wouter , Faroux Stéphanie , Meurey Catherine , Le Moigne Patrick , Decharme Bertrand , Mahfouf Jean-Francois , Calvet Jean-Christophe
Published: October 2017

Abstract. In this study, a global land data assimilation system (LDAS-Monde) is applied over Europe and the Mediterranean basin to increase monitoring accuracy for land surface variables. LDAS-Monde is able to ingest information from satellite-derived surface soil moisture (SSM) and leaf area index (LAI) observations to constrain the interactions between soil–biosphere–atmosphere (ISBA, Interactions between Soil, Biosphere and Atmosphere) land surface model (LSM) coupled with the CNRM (Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques) version of the Total Runoff Integrating Pathways (ISBA-CTRIP) continental hydrological system. It makes use of the CO2-responsive version of ISBA which models leaf-scale physiological processes and plant growth. Transfer of water and heat in the soil rely on a multilayer diffusion scheme. SSM and LAI observations are assimilated using a simplified extended Kalman filter (SEKF), which uses finite differences from perturbed simulations to generate flow dependence between the observations and the model control variables. The latter include LAI and seven layers of soil (from 1 to 100 cm depth). A sensitivity test of the Jacobians over 2000–2012 exhibits effects related to both depth and season. It also suggests that observations of both LAI and SSM have an impact on the different control variables. From the assimilation of SSM, the LDAS is more effective in modifying soil moisture (SM) from the top layers of soil, as model sensitivity to SSM decreases with depth and has almost no impact from 60 cm downwards. From the assimilation of LAI, a strong impact on LAI itself is found. The LAI assimilation impact is more pronounced in SM layers that contain the highest fraction of roots (from 10 to 60 cm). The assimilation is more efficient in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. Results shows that the LDAS works well constraining the model to the observations and that stronger corrections are applied to LAI than to SM. A comprehensive evaluation of the assimilation impact is conducted using (i) agricultural statistics over France, (ii) river discharge observations, (iii) satellite-derived estimates of land evapotranspiration from the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) project and (iv) spatially gridded observation-based estimates of upscaled gross primary production and evapotranspiration from the FLUXNET network. Comparisons with those four datasets highlight neutral to highly positive improvement.
A fully consistent and conservative vertically adaptive coordinate system for SLIM 3D v0.4, a DG finite element hydrodynamic model, with an application to the thermocline oscillations of Lake Tanganyika
Authors: Delandmeter Philippe , Lambrechts Jonathan , Legat Vincent , Vallaeys Valentin , Naithani Jaya , Thiery Wim , Remacle Jean-François , Deleersnijder Eric
Published: October 2017

Abstract. The discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method is well suited to the modelling, with a relatively small number of elements, of three-dimensional flows exhibiting strong velocity or density gradients. Its performance can be highly enhanced by having recourse to r-adaptivity. Here, a vertical adaptive mesh method is developed for DG finite elements. This method, originally designed for finite difference schemes, is based on the vertical diffusion of the mesh nodes, with the diffusivity controlled by the density jumps at the mesh element interfaces. The mesh vertical movement is determined by means of a conservative Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) formulation. Though conservativity is naturally achieved, tracer consistency is obtained by a suitable construction of the mesh vertical velocity field, which is defined in such a way that it is fully compatible with the tracer and continuity equations at a discrete level. The vertically adaptive mesh approach is implemented in the geophysical and environmental flow model SLIM 3D (www.climate.be/slim). Idealised benchmarks, aimed at simulating the oscillations of a sharp thermocline, are dealt with. Then, the relevance of the vertical adaptivity technique is assessed by simulating thermocline oscillations of Lake Tanganyika. The results are compared to measured vertical profiles of temperature, showing similar stratification and outcropping events.
An advanced method of contributing emissions to short-lived chemical species (OH and HO2): The TAGGING 1.1 submodel based on the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy 2.53)
Authors: Rieger Vanessa S. , Mertens Mariano , Grewe Volker
Published: October 2017

Abstract. To mitigate human impact on climate change, it is essential to determine the contribution of emissions to the concentration of certain trace gases. This study presents an advanced version of the tagging method for OH and HO2 (HOx) which attributes HOx concentration to emissions. While the former version V1.0 only considered 12 reactions in the troposphere, the new version V1.1, presented here, takes 19 reactions in the troposphere into account. For the first time, also the main chemical reactions for the HOx chemistry in the stratosphere are regarded (in total 27 reactions). To fully take into account the main HO2 source by the reaction of H and O2, the tagging of H radical is introduced. In order to close the budget between the sum of all contributions and the total concentration, we explicitly introduce rest terms, which balance the deviation of HOx production and loss. The contributions to the OH and HO2 concentration obtained by the improved tagging method V1.1 deviates from V1.0 in certain source categories. For OH, major changes are found in the categories of biomass burning emissions, biogenic emissions and methane decomposition. For HO2, the contributions differs strongly in the categories biogenic emission and methane decomposition. The tagged long-lived species of reactive nitrogen compounds NOy, non-methane hydrocarbons NMHC and peroxyacyl nitrates PAN show only little changes. O3 from biogenic emissions and methane decomposition decreases in the tropical troposphere. Variations for CO from lightning, biogenic and methane decomposition are found in the Southern Hemisphere.
Revisiting Kelvin Helmholtz Instabilities and von Kármán Vortices in Canopy Turbulence
Authors: Banerjee Tirtha , De Roo Frederik , Linn Rodman
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Studying turbulence in vegetation canopies is important in the context of a number of micrometeorological and hydrological applications. While recent focus has shifted more towards exploring different kinds of canopy heterogeneities, there are still gaps in the existing knowledge on the multiple types of dynamics involved in the case of horizontally homogeneous canopies. For example, experimental studies have indicated that turbulence in the canopy sublayer (CSL) can be divided into three regimes. In the deep-zone, the flow-field is dominated by von Kármán vortex streets and interrupted by strong sweep events. The second zone near the canopy top is dominated by attached eddies and Kelvin-Helmholtz waves associated with the velocity inflection point in the mean longitudinal velocity profile. Above the canopy, the flow resembles classical boundary layer flow. In this study, these different kinds of dynamics are studied together by means of a large eddy simulation (LES). The main theme of this work is to address the question whether the parametrization of the canopy by a distributed drag force in numerical simulations instead of placing real solid obstacles is consistent with the three layer conceptual model. Unique techniques such as measures from information theory and coupled oscillator analysis are used to extract the coherent structures associated with the two motions. It can be stated that a better understanding of the rich dynamics associated with the simplest case of canopy turbulence can lead to more efficient simulations and more importantly improve the interpretation of more complex scenarios.
De niña a laurel (o de cómo convertirse en árbol): "Daphne" de Richard Strauss y Joseph Gregor
Authors: Díaz Gito Manuel Antonio
Published: October 2017

Segunda parte de un artículo dividido en dos que analiza la profunda reinterpretación que del mito de Dafne llevaron a cabo, a partir del relato alternativo de Partenio de Nicea más que del relato canónico de Ovidio, Richard Strauss y su libretista Joseph Gregor en su versión operística Daphne (1938). El objetivo final es someter a examen la declaración expresa de Strauss sobre el significado de su nueva ópera y, si a través de la manipulación del argumento mítico, los autores lograron alcanzar su objetivo.
La recepción de la democracia antigua en la filosofía política de Antoni Domènech: el salario social como condición de la libertad republicana
Authors: Vázquez García Francisco
Published: October 2017

En este artículo se analiza la posición de El eclipse de la fraternidad (2004), ensayo publicado por Antoni Domènech, en el debate acerca del republicanismo cívico. Para ello se atiende en primer lugar a la recepción, en esa obra, de la democracia ateniense y de la institución del salario para cargos públicos (mishtón), establecido en Atenas desde la revolución de Efialtes en el 461 a. de C. Este es un elemento nuclear en el argumento del libro. Se sigue así la aparición del problema de la fraternidad en la trayectoria intelectual de Domènech. A través de esa recepción de la democracia ateniense, Domènech toma partido en el debate internacional acerca de la tradición republicana y de su origen. La segunda parte del artículo versa sobre este problema. Finalmente se trata de comprender la peculiaridad de El eclipse de la fraternidad en el contexto del republicanismo filosófico español. El método de análisis utilizado se inspira en la sociología de la filosofía, desarrollada entre otros por Pierre Bourdieu, Randall Collins y Martin Kusch.
Tomás de Vio Cayetano, o la modernidad en letras medievales
Authors: Cuccia Emiliano Javier
Published: October 2017

El presente trabajo se propone sintetizar y valorar críticamente los puntos más salientes del recientemente publicado libro Objetividad y ciencia en Cayetano. Una prefiguración de la Modernidad. Como podrá verse, se trata de una obra de gran relevancia para el campo ya que analiza y demuestra el carácter disruptivo que presentan algunas tesis de Tomás de Vio con respecto al pensamiento de Tomás de Aquino, a quien pretende estar comentando. Estos descubrimientos implican importantes consecuencias para el modo de comprender el devenir de la escuela tomística fundada en torno a su legado.
Get that into your head: Tigre vowel harmonies as templatic
Authors: Faust Noam
Published: October 2017

This article argues that vocalic expressions are templatic: they have a head position and a dependent position. It follows that the same element can appear in both positions. The proposal is discussed and illustrated through an analysis of two types of harmony in the Ethio-Semitic language Tigre: lowering harmony and rounding harmony. Building on the original account of lowering harmony in Lowenstamm & Prunet (1988), and presenting for the first time collected data from the Səmhər dialect, it is argued that harmony can be construed as the fusion of the head or “Target” positions in the templates of adjacent expressions. It is further shown that syllables, too, can have a “Target” position, which is determined by their onset. Lowering harmony operates on this level as well. This article is part of the special collection: Headedness in Phonology
Negociación o disputa entre “notables” de los pueblos? Las violencias colectivas en las Huastecas (México) en la década de los cuarenta del siglo XIX e quarenta do século XIX
Authors: Escobar Ohmstede Antonio
Published: October 2017

La violencia no solo se puede percibir a través de lo que implican los movimientos sociales, en términos de rebeliones armadas, manifestaciones violentas o conflictos abiertos, sino también a partir de lo que manifiestan los rebeldes en sus Manifiestos, Proclamas o Planes. Así, lo que se observa en este artículo es la manera en que los documentos publicados por los rebeldes manifiestan parte de la cotidianidad y de lo que los lleva al conflicto.
Utilisation du foncier agricole à des fins de culture de Jatropha dans le Bassin arachidier sénégalais: une démarche controversée et des gains pas à la hauteur des attendus du programme
Authors: Ndour Aminata , Sarr Saer , Signate Fatoumata
Published: October 2017

Durant les années 2000, le secteur énergétique mondial a connu un tourment décisif du fait de la diminution des réserves, de la demande importante et surtout de la fluctuation des prix du pétrole. Le Sénégal, pays dépendant encore des énergies fossiles, s’est engagé dans une politique de diversification énergétique. Par conséquent, un programme biocarburant est initié. Le Bassin Arachidier est un des espaces sollicités pour l’application des politiques de promotion des biocarburants. Une zone du production agricole a accueilli une innovation énergétique. Ce fait marquant a guidé nos interrogations sur les problèmes énergétiques qui ont incité la culture de Jatropha dans le Bassin Arachidier. De façon spécifique, notre analyse de la filière Jatropha précise les stratégies déployées. Il est questions dans ce cas d’étudier les effets de Jatropha sur l’espace de production et les conditions de vie des agriculteurs, des risques de réduction des superficies de cultures traditionnelles.
Considerações acerca das noções foucaultianas de enunciado e discurso e sua produtividade para uma análise discursiva da moda
Authors: Paixão Humberto Pires
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo intenta uma revisão de algumas contribuições de Michel Foucault para a Análise do Discurso, considerando as noções de discurso e de enunciado e sua aplicação no campo da moda. Trata-se de um exercício de reflexão e de revisão teórica sobre alguns aspectos que permeiam a teoria discursiva, os quais podem subsidiar o nosso entendimento desse campo discursivo. Para tanto, abordamos tais conceitos em seus escritos referentes à chamada fase arqueológica, mas defendemos a hipótese de que se trata de um referencial que permeia toda a obra do filósofo francês.
Sentidos de escola em “Aurora da minha vida”
Authors: Rosa Cintia De Oliveira Pontes , Gonçalves Michelle Bocchi , Gonçalves Jean Carlos
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa pelo viés da Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD), cujo objetivo foi compreender os sentidos de aluno no discurso de professores instigados pela leitura do texto teatral A aurora da minha vida, de Naum Alves de Souza. O estudo foi realizado com professores da área de linguagem de diferentes escolas públicas de Curitiba. Após a leitura do fragmento Aula de português do referido texto teatral, realizou-se a produção de protocolos verbo-visuais. Alguns dos sentidos presentes na análise foram o erro, a relação entre liberdade/autoridade/conhecimento, o riso, o corpo como texto, a convivência com o diferente, a homogeneização, as relações entre sujeitos, o excedente de visão, empatia simpática e a responsabilidade/responsividade do professor, sempre entrecruzados pela noção de alteridade. Os resultados apontam para uma escola que uniformiza, cujo professor é a fonte do conhecimento, no entanto, há vislumbres de conscientização da importância da diversidade e das relações com o outro.
Novas formas de leitura e escrita na era da mobilidade: Reflexões em torno da arte locativa
Authors: Kirchof Edgar Roberto , Russo Andréa Da Cunha
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre novas formas de leitura e escrita na era da mobilidade, tomando como objeto de análise alguns projetos artísticos e literários realizados com mídias locativas. As análises baseiam-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, de um lado, e, de outro, em uma experiência de interação realizada com a obra Arquitetura Móvel, da artista brasileira Karolina Ziulkosky, durante 4 dias, de 8 a 12 de dezembro de 2016, na Avenida Paulista. O artigo está estruturado a partir de três seções. Após uma breve introdução, são expostos e discutidos os conceitos teóricos que embasam as análises da obra Arquitetura Móvel, as quais são apresentadas na seção seguinte. Alguns dos principais pesquisadores que fundamentam as reflexões e análises propostas são Drew Hemment, André Lemos, Adriana de Souza e Silva, Marc Tuters, Kazys Varnelis, Howard Rheingold, Kahterine Hayles, Malcolm McCullough.
Leitura literária e múltiplas linguagens: um breve passeio entre a caverna e o ciberespaço
Authors: Pavloski Evanir
Published: October 2017

O objetivo do presente artigo é traçar um breve panorama da multiplicidade de formas e suportes que a leitura literária assumiu ao longo dos séculos, desde de manifestações narrativas anteriores ao próprio surgimento do termo literatura. Sem quaisquer pretensões de esgotar um tema tão abrangente e tão complexo, pretendemos demonstrar que a análise do processo diacrônico de recepção de textos produzidos a partir de diferentes matrizes semióticas é uma abordagem produtiva para refletir não apenas sobre as dimensões do ato da ler, mas também sobre a mutabilidade do próprio conceito de leitura. Para tanto, utilizaremos as perspectivas teórico-críticas de autores como, por exemplo, Hans Robert Jauss, Vincent Jouve, Eliana Yunes, Alberto Manguel e Espen Aarseth.
Experiência estética como forma de internalização das relações de poder
Authors: Morales Renata Santos de , Ramiro Juliana Figueiró , Maggi Noeli Reck
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo, a partir do cruzamento das pesquisas de Lev Vygotsky, estudioso dos processos de aprendizagem, e Michel Foucault, estudioso das relações de poder, traz para reflexão princípios teóricos acerca da educação estética e da internalização das experiências vividas como formas de absorção das relações de poder. Para isso, apresenta como objeto de análise a adaptação para crianças de um clássico da literatura internacional - Romeu e Julieta de William Shakespeare, feita pela autora brasileira Ruth Rocha. Na obra adaptada, entendendo a sua leitura como experiência estética de alteridade, vamos observar de que forma questões de gênero (homem e mulher) são orquestradas na nova narrativa, buscando identificar as relações entre a experiência estética e possíveis conceitos morais imbricados na obra.
Perfil leitor de docentes e discentes: formação de profissionais para a educação infantil e anos iniciais
Authors: Rösing Tania Mariza Kuchenbecker , D’Arienzo Maria Augusta
Published: October 2017

Este artigo objetiva apresentar resultados de investigação realizada com docentes e discentes de escola estadual com ensino médio curso normal sobre desenvolvimento de suas identidades leitoras. A preocupação com esse universo se justifica pelo fato de os docentes prepararem os discentes como futuros professores de crianças da educação infantil e dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, desencadeando o processo de formação do leitor entre os pequenos aprendizes. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de questionários aplicados aos sujeitos referidos sobre preferências de leitura, espaços de leitura, tempos de leitura, aspectos valorizados no ato de ler, influências recebidas nesse processo, hábitos de leitura, interesses de leitura e por manifestações culturais. Sustentaram o estudo contribuições de Chartier (1996, 2014), Zilberman (2012), Silva (2009, 2016), Santaella (2004, 2013) no estabelecimento do conceito de leitura, de formação leitora, de práticas leitoras e de novos modos de ler. Contextualizou-se o estudo no espaço da escola selecionada que mantém um projeto de leitura diária, envolvendo todos os segmentos. Constatou-se a participação efetiva dos sujeitos pesquisados no projeto citado, com efeitos em seus hábitos de leitura. Também, o reconhecimento do potencial do suporte digital como promotor de leituras, embora os sujeitos participantes somente o utilizem para comunicação por meio do acesso prioritário às redes sociais. Entre as novas atitudes de leitura, observa-se, no contexto pesquisado, a preferência por textos impressos, demonstrando a influência significativa da política implementada por essa escola no desenvolvimento da leitura entre seus atores – professores, estudantes e funcionários.
Promoting awareness of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among health professionals and the public through nursing faculty champions
Authors: Ma Lili , Puskar Kathryn , Kane Irene , Knapp Emily , Mitchell Ann M.
Published: October 2017

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) affects all communities and is an underestimated problem worldwide and in China. FASD is the most common preventable cause of intellectual disabilities and behavior problems. However, prevention efforts require knowledge about FASD, importantly, the education of health professionals who communicate that knowledge to the public during care administered in diverse practice settings. Implementing a nursing faculty champions (charismatic advocates for FASD prevention belief, practice, program, policy and/or technology) model to advocate for educating Chinese nurses, nursing students, other health professionals, and the public about FASD is a logical, quality-driven, healthcare action. The actions undertaken by one nurse champion, a Capital Medical University Chinese professor, to promote FASD awareness among Chinese health professionals and the public population will be presented. Through this faculty nurse champion, thousands of Chinese health providers and public citizens were educated regarding FASD. Planned next steps include enrolling more Chinese nursing faculty champions, developing nursing curricula at Capital Medical University, and increasing research attention on FASD. Nurse faculty champions are an effective and practical method to promote FASD awareness among Chinese health professionals and the public.
Students’Attitudes towards Foreign Languages
Authors: Kovac Mirjana M. , Mrsic Ana
Published: October 2017

This paper analyses similarities and differences in attitudes and beliefs towards learning the German and the Italian language. The testing tool used for evaluating the attitudes is a questionnaire composed in accordance with the questionnaires used for examining attitudes towards foreign languages. The obtained results indicate that the students of both languages highly agree with the statement that the knowledge of foreign languages leads to a better social status, more successful socialisation and benefit in one’s professional career. In addition, they highly agree with the statement that the teaching materials are miscellaneous, but would nevertheless want the materials to include more elements of the domicile culture. Furthermore, the results also indicate a high level of confidence in speaking both languages and a substantial level of awareness regarding the need to speak both languages. The analysis confirmed a significant difference between the learners of Italian and German; the learners of German perceive the language as more difficult than Italian. However, such subjective evaluation does not have an adverse effect on the attitudes towards the German language.
Factors Affecting Faculty Attitude for Adopting Online Learning at Aljouf University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazy Salim M.
Published: October 2017

This study aims to take an initial step toward investigating the readiness of faculty members for adopting online learning at Aljouf University, a Saudi newly established university. Participants (n=156) were asked to complete a Web-based questionnaire that starts with eight demographic questions and has four other parts: attitude toward online learning, computer self-efficacy, attitude toward technology, and computer anxiety. The results demonstrate that faculty members show positive attitudes toward online learning (M=3.03, SD=0.45). They also showed a slight high computer self-efficiency (M=2.92, SD=0.40), positive attitudes toward technology (M=3.10, SD=0.33), and a low level of computer anxiety (M=1.05, SD=0.38). Finally, the results reveal that among the demographic variables, only the nationality of the participants and their experience with online learning had a significant effect on their attitude toward online learning. The study concluded with providing a number of recommendations for application and future studies.
Research on Correlations between Academicians’ Levels of Organisational Commitment and Their Intention to Quit Their Job: A Comparison of State and Foundation Universities
Authors: Koc Mustafa
Published: October 2017

This study aims to demonstrate the correlations between academicians’ organisational commitment and their intention to resign from their job. For this purpose, first the concepts of organisational commitment and quitting the job were considered within the framework of relevant literature, and then hypotheses for the correlations were developed.276 lecturers in total 198 of whom were teaching in faculties or departments of sport sciences and 78 of whom were teaching in foundation universities were included in this study.A personal information form in addition to Turnover Intention Scale developed by Rosin and Korabick (1995) and adapted into Turkish by Tanrıöver (2005), and Organisational Commitment Scale developed by Meyer and Allen (1997) and adapted into Turkish by Varol (2010) were used for our purposes.In conclusion, it was found that academicians’ intention to quit their job was low but their organisational commitment levels were high and that they had emotional commitment most—which was followed by normative commitment and continuance commitment. Lecturers employed in foundation universities had higher levels of intention to quit their job than those employed in state universities. Lecturers working in state universities had higher levels of emotional commitment than those working in foundation universities. It was also found that lecturers’ rate of quitting the job was reduced as their levels of emotional and normative commitment increased in both state and foundation universities.
Avoiding Greenwashing in Event Marketing: An Exploration of Concepts, Literature and Methods
Authors: Griese Kai-Michael , Werner Kim , Hogg Johannes
Published: October 2017

Greenwashing, defined by the Oxford Dictionary as “disinformation disseminated by an organization so as to present an environmentally responsible public image” can cause multifarious problems for companies. The phenomenon of greenwashing has, however, not attracted much attention in the event marketing literature to date. The purpose of this paper is twofold. It first describes and analyses the specific characteristics and features of greenwashing in event marketing. It then seeks to identify the current fundamental approaches of how to avoid greenwashing in event marketing and to assess their potential. A two-step literature analysis with complementary search approaches served as a methodical framework. First, journals related to event marketing were screened for the keywords “greenwashing” and “greenwash”. Next, the general literature was consulted for the same keywords. The results clearly demonstrate that the subject of greenwashing has been widely neglected in the event literature. There appears to be no overall concept or approach that allows event actors to avoid greenwashing, albeit various individual initiatives exist. However, it also became clear that initiatives against greenwashing in event marketing can be developed and implemented in the short and long term, for example by integrating different stakeholders. Additional political and juridical efforts based on specific guidelines are also necessary to prevent greenwashing in the future. The study is the first one to provide a systematic approach to the topic of greenwashing in the context of event marketing, including relevant approaches for its avoidance. It can thus help practitioners to better detect and avoid greenwashing in the event industry and to guide similar research in the future.
The Effects of Absorptive Capacity, Intellectual Property and Innovation in SMEs
Authors: Juárez Luis Enrique Valdez , Escobar Elba Alicia Ramos , Guzmán Gonzalo Maldonado
Published: October 2017

The ability to learn and acquire knowledge has been one of the most important challenges for most companies, and especially for SMEs. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of absorptive capacity on innovation, market orientation, and intellectual property management in SMEs. We also analyzed the influence of these variables on financial results in SMEs. The study was based on a sample of 412 companies in the industrial (manufacturing and agro-industry) and services (telecommunications and real estate) sectors operating in the Mexican Northwest. Data collection was carried out from June to October, 2014, using self-directed interviews with company managers. The estimation of relationships was tested by variance-based SEM statistical method with the PLS technique, using the SmartPLS software (version 3.2.6). Results showed that absorptive capacity has a significant influence on innovation and market orientation. Moreover, innovation and market orientation were found to have a significant influence on business profitability. No empirical support was found to explain the relationship between intellectual property management and absorptive capacity, innovation, and SME profitability. SME managers should continue with internal and external training of employees to strengthen their skills and knowledge. In addition, they must adopt and implement a business model that connects knowledge with intellectual property and innovation, through an R&D department, in order to increase profitability. With these actions the companies through their managers will have employees with greater skills, knowledge and with greater creativity. Leading to the SMEs to take advantage of its capabilities to develop new products, patent processes and products and protect their knowledge. It is also important for managers to continue to implement marketing strategies that allow them to become more competitive global markets. With the market focus companies can compete in global markets and achieve sustained profitability. This study is a contribution to absorptive capacity literature and to the resource-based view.