bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pursuing the Diffraction Limit with Nano-LED Scanning Transmission Optical Microscopy
Authors: Moreno Sergio , Canals Joan , Moro Victor , Franch Nil , Vilà Anna , Romano-Rodriguez Albert , Prades Joan Daniel , Bezshlyakh Daria D. , Waag Andreas , Kluczyk-Korch Katarzyna , Auf der Maur Matthias , Di Carlo Aldo , Krieger Sigurd , Geleff Silvana , Diéguez Angel
Published: May 2021

Recent research into miniaturized illumination sources has prompted the development of alternative microscopy techniques. Although they are still being explored, emerging nano-light-emitting-diode (nano-LED) technologies show promise in approaching the optical resolution limit in a more feasible manner. This work presents the exploration of their capabilities with two different prototypes. In the first version, a resolution of less than 1 µm was shown thanks to a prototype based on an optically downscaled LED using an LED scanning transmission optical microscopy (STOM) technique. This research demonstrates how this technique can be used to improve STOM images by oversampling the acquisition. The second STOM-based microscope was fabricated with a 200 nm GaN LED. This demonstrates the possibilities for the miniaturization of on-chip-based microscopes.
Mechanical Damage Assessment for Pneumatic Control Valves Based on a Statistical Reliability Model
Authors: Mathur Nirbhay , Asirvadam Vijanth Sagayan , Aziz Azrina Abd
Published: May 2021

A reliability assessment is an important tool used for processing plants, since the facility consists of many loops and instruments attached and operated based on other availability; thus, a statistical model is needed to visualize the reliability of its operation. The paper focuses on the reliability assessment and prediction based on the existing statistical models, such as normal, log-normal, exponential, and Weibull distribution. This paper evaluates and visualizes the statistical reliability models optimized using MLE and considers the failure mode caused during a simulated process control operation. We simulated the failure of the control valve caused by stiction running with various flow rates using a pilot plant, which depicted the Weibull distribution as the best model to estimate the simulated process failure.
LiDAR Point Cloud Generation for SLAM Algorithm Evaluation
Authors: Sobczak Łukasz , Filus Katarzyna , Domański Adam , Domańska Joanna
Published: May 2021

With the emerging interest in the autonomous driving level at 4 and 5 comes a necessity to provide accurate and versatile frameworks to evaluate the algorithms used in autonomous vehicles. There is a clear gap in the field of autonomous driving simulators. It covers testing and parameter tuning of a key component of autonomous driving systems, SLAM, frameworks targeting off-road and safety-critical environments. It also includes taking into consideration the non-idealistic nature of the real-life sensors, associated phenomena and measurement errors. We created a LiDAR simulator that delivers accurate 3D point clouds in real time. The point clouds are generated based on the sensor placement and the LiDAR type that can be set using configurable parameters. We evaluate our solution based on comparison of the results using an actual device, Velodyne VLP-16, on real-life tracks and the corresponding simulations. We measure the error values obtained using Google Cartographer SLAM algorithm and the distance between the simulated and real point clouds to verify their accuracy. The results show that our simulation (which incorporates measurement errors and the rolling shutter effect) produces data that can successfully imitate the real-life point clouds. Due to dedicated mechanisms, it is compatible with the Robotic Operating System (ROS) and can be used interchangeably with data from actual sensors, which enables easy testing, SLAM algorithm parameter tuning and deployment.
A Deep Learning Strategy for Automatic Sleep Staging Based on Two-Channel EEG Headband Data
Authors: Casciola Amelia A. , Carlucci Sebastiano K. , Kent Brianne A. , Punch Amanda M. , Muszynski Michael A. , Zhou Daniel , Kazemi Alireza , Mirian Maryam S. , Valerio Jason , McKeown Martin J. , Nygaard Haakon B.
Published: May 2021

Sleep disturbances are common in Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, and together represent a potential therapeutic target for disease modification. A major barrier for studying sleep in patients with dementia is the requirement for overnight polysomnography (PSG) to achieve formal sleep staging. This is not only costly, but also spending a night in a hospital setting is not always advisable in this patient group. As an alternative to PSG, portable electroencephalography (EEG) headbands (HB) have been developed, which reduce cost, increase patient comfort, and allow sleep recordings in a person’s home environment. However, naïve applications of current automated sleep staging systems tend to perform inadequately with HB data, due to their relatively lower quality. Here we present a deep learning (DL) model for automated sleep staging of HB EEG data to overcome these critical limitations. The solution includes a simple band-pass filtering, a data augmentation step, and a model using convolutional (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) layers. With this model, we have achieved 74% (±10%) validation accuracy on low-quality two-channel EEG headband data and 77% (±10%) on gold-standard PSG. Our results suggest that DL approaches achieve robust sleep staging of both portable and in-hospital EEG recordings, and may allow for more widespread use of ambulatory sleep assessments across clinical conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders.
Prognostic Impact of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels in Rectal Cancer Patients Who Had Received Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Joo Jung Il , Lim Sang Woo , Oh Bo Young
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a useful marker for rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic impact of CEA level according to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in rectal cancer patients who underwent radical surgery.Methods: A total of 245 patients with rectal cancer who underwent radical surgery were retrospectively evaluated. Serum CEA level was measured preoperatively and postoperatively. We compared survival outcomes based on CEA level before and after surgery according to nCRT.Results: Of the 245 patients, elevation of CEA level was observed preoperatively in 79 and postoperatively in 30, respectively. Eighty-seven (35.5%) patients received nCRT, and elevated CEA level was a significant prognostic factor both before and after surgery. In patients who had not received nCRT, an elevated CEA level was a significant prognostic factor before surgery but was not significant after surgery. In a multivariate analysis for prognostic factors, elevation of preoperative CEA level was an independent prognostic factor of disease-free survival (DFS) regardless of nCRT. Postoperative CEA level was an independent prognostic factor of DFS in patients who had received nCRT but was not a factor in patients who had not received nCRT.Conclusion: Serum CEA level was an independent prognostic factor both preoperatively and postoperatively in rectal cancer patients who had received nCRT.
Effectiveness and early postoperative outcomes of palliative endoluminal stenting versus Hartmann’s procedure in acute malignant bowel obstruction in high-risk patients
Authors: Mahfouz Mohammed Fayek , Salama Tamer M. Saeid , Afifi Amr H. , Dabous Hany Mansour Khalil
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The emergency intervention for acute malignant left-sided colonic obstruction remains controversial. Conflicting reports exist regarding the efficacy and safety of endoscopic placement of self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) vs. primary surgery. Most reports focus on SEMS insertion as a bridge to surgery.Methods: An observational nonrandomized study at a single center in Cairo, Egypt included 65 high-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification ≥ III, age > 60 years) with acute malignant metastatic (stage IV) colonic obstruction. Twenty-nine patients underwent primary surgery (Hartmann’s procedure, HP), and 35 patients underwent SEMS insertion.Results: All cases that underwent SEMS insertion were technically successful. The 2 procedures were comparable in clinical success rates but a statistically significant difference existed between them regarding the duration of postoperative hospital stay in the HP and SEMS group (7.7 ± 3.1 days vs. 3.5 ± 0.6 days, retrospectively; P < 0.001), the interval before regaining oral feeding (41.8 ± 26.8 hours vs. 27.6 ± 18.5 hours, retrospectively; P = 0.015), and the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (5.0 ± 1.7 days vs. 1.5 ± 0.7 days, retrospectively; P = 0.035). Six patients (20.7%) in the HP group and 2 patients (5.7%) in the SEMS group required postoperative ICU admission.Conclusion: SEMS placement provides comparable efficacy and safety to HP in managing acute malignant obstruction of the rectosigmoid region in high-risk individuals, with faster recovery and less hospital and ICU admission time.
La disputa por la unidad en el discurso político colombiano: una lectura erística
Authors: Olave Arias Giohanny
Published: May 2021

El texto presenta una aproximación analítica a un corpus de comunicaciones emitidas por el expresidente Juan Manuel Santos y por la desmovilizada guerrilla de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), durante el bienio que precede al proceso de paz llevado a cabo en La Habana, Cuba. A partir de una lectura erística sobre los juegos de veridicción en torno a la idea de unidad, como objeto de discurso, se contraponen los componentes de cada construcción discursiva y se desmontan los mecanismos verbales a través de los cuales los actores sociales en disputa construyeron sentidos particulares sobre la unidad, en ese momento coyuntural del país. El examen en retrospectiva de esa disputa conduce a la interrogación del presente político en Colombia, en el cual la implementación de los acuerdos de paz firmados en 2016 se ha visto obstaculizada por la permanencia de esa lucha en torno a la verdad de los objetos de discurso disputados por los actores políticos.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN THE FORM OF CERAMIC CHIPS CRUSHING DROPOUTS ON THE MAIN PROPERTIES OF CEMENT COMPOSITES
Authors: Murtazaev S-A.Yu. , Uspanova A. , Hadzhiev M. , Hadisov V.
Published: May 2021

during the implementation of the program to restore the housing stock of the Chechen Republic, as well as during the planned demolition of dilapidated housing, significant volumes of technogenic raw materials were generated, in particular, large volumes of brick and concrete scrap. Enterprises for the production of building materials and products also produce significant volumes of production defects, which accumulate over the years at landfills. Ceramic broken brick and broken brick dropouts are used to fill the roadbed, and the main part still goes to the dump and landfill, which is also an environmental problem. One of the promising ways to use dropouts and broken brick itself is to use them as secondary aggregates in concrete and mortars. This article discusses the issues of improving the quality of ceramic concrete mixtures, choosing the optimal composition and technology for mixing concrete mixtures using dust fractions of dropouts for crushing ceramic brick bricks
DETERMINATION OF THE TRANSSHIPMENT CAPACITY OF THE RAILWAY STATION AND MEASURES TO ENSURE IT IN THE REQUIRED VOLUME BY INSTALLING TEMPORARY LOADING AND UNLOADING DEVICES
Authors: Ugolkov S. , Mayorov N.
Published: May 2021

in view of the fact that recently the economic cooperation between Russia and Iran in a number of production areas of the raw materials sector is expanding its program, the provision of mineral extraction with specialized and auxiliary equipment is being carried out. The paper deals with the organization of the delivery of cranes of Russian production on the automobile base of the type "Ivanovets" KS-6476 in the composition of 40 units to the objects of ore mining. Transportation of cranes by rail on the route: St. Petersburg (Russia)-Julfa (Azerbaijan) – Bandar Abbas (Iran) is justified. For transportation on the railways of Russia, the paper considers long-wheelbase platforms of model 13-491, on bogies of 1520 mm gauge. In order to comply with the dimensions on the railways of Iran, the transporters with a reduced floor level of the model 14-T116 on trolleys of 1435 mm gauge were selected. The reloading of equipment is planned to be carried out at the Julfa railway station of the Azerbaijan Railway. The results of the research, in our opinion, are certainly of practical importance for the transport industry, as the developed and proposed designs of loading and unloading devices allow for the reloading of equipment without the use of crane equipment using always available stocks of materials at cargo stations.
Related methodological categories in the conceptual construct of intercultural didactics
Authors: Vlasova Anna S.
Published: May 2021

A new educational paradigm associated with an intercultural approach allows a new look at the traditional models of the process of teaching a foreign language in a pedagogical university, to determine the state of development of modern linguodidactics as a science, to determine the prospects for the development of this scientific field. The transition from the educational paradigm of an industrial society to a post-industrial one is marked by the emergence in scientific circles of increased interest in issues of culture and intercultural communication. The principle of cultural conformity of education (Friedrich Adolph Wilhelm Diesterweg) currently reactivates in teaching methods. In general pedagogic meaning, this principle implies the importance of familiarising a person with various layers of society, culture and the whole world. The principle of cultural conformity serves the ideas of harmonising the surrounding space and education in general, the determinism of the educational and upbringing process by the sociocultural environment, considering the educational sphere as a factor in the development and stabilisation of this environment. Thanks to the current process, closely related concepts appear in Russian and foreign methodological science – cultural competence, intercultural competence, universal cultural competence, socio-cultural competence and others, each of which occupies its own gap in the scientific and methodological space.
Professional training of future specialists in public administration as a psychological and pedagogic problem
Authors: Provotorova Nataliia V.
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to the study of professional training of future specialists in the field of public administration. Attention is paid to the analysis of the concept of «professional training». The multi-aspect nature of this phenomenon is shown. The system of professional training and characteristics of types of training in public administration are presented. The article shows a modern view of the problem of training future specialists in the field of public administration, where professional training is presented as a process aimed more at the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities and less at the development of personal characteristics. Special emphasis is placed on the need to develop professionally important qualities of future specialists. Professionally important qualities of future specialists necessary for effective professional activity in the public administration system are identified and described. In conclusion, the author emphasises the need to create a "pedagogic model for the formation of professional readiness of future specialists in the field of public administration", taking into account the specifics of professional activity in this field.
Competency approach to the study of the second-order surface interface as the geometric location of points in space
Authors: Zharov Sergey V. , Margolina Natalia L. , Medvedeva Lyudmila B.
Published: May 2021

The necessity of the formation of students' functional literacy as a competency approach to the training of future Mathematics teachers is substantiated on the example of studying of one of the topics of analytical geometry. It has been established that a prerequisite for the development of any competency prescribed in the standards of secondary education is the initial existence of a sufficiently new concept of functional literacy for a student of a certain level. The basic literacy comes down to the ability to read, write and express of one's thoughts correctly. Let us consider the issue of functional literacy from the point of view of the pedagogic specialty. Acquaintance with the well-known textbooks of analytic geometry allows us to say that 2nd order algebraic surfaces in Euclidean space are determined in most cases algebraically by means of equations. A constructive approach is also of use – surfaces are obtained by rotating 2nd degree curves around their symmetry axes and by deformation of the resulting surfaces by compression. The metric approach, as it used for 2nd order curves, is restricted only by the formulation of problems to find the certain locus of points in space. The exception is the article Dmitriy Perepyolkin which was published in 1936. In this paper the locus of points in space with the following characteristic property is studied – the ratio of the distance to a given point to the distance to a given straight line is constant. The strait line is assumed not to contain the point. The study is held out in pure geometrical manner – it is done using the method of sections and known loci of points on the surface. In the present article we study the locus of points in space defined by metric relation to a certain set of pairs of points, lines and planes. It is shown that any non-degenerate 2nd order surface can be considered as a certain locus of points of space and this interpretation is not unique.
Homogeneous parts of the sentence in English legal texts as a translation teaching challenge
Authors: Chiknaverova Karine G.
Published: May 2021

Homogeneous parts of the sentence pose translation challenges in general and in legal translation from English into Russian in particular. These challenges are, primarily, caused by differences between Russian and English syntax and specifics of legal texts. They include phraseological units and idioms; cases of several sets of homogeneous parts of the sentence; phenomena similar to homogeneous parts of the sentence but having a different nature; cases of different collocation and government rules. Lack of research on the corresponding difficulties that students can face, in its turn, causes problems at the language teaching level. The article goes on to analyse each of such cases, challenges they cause and provides preventive measures in the course of teaching.
Webquest as a means of future English teachers’ universal and professional competences development
Authors: Voevodskaya Elena Andreyevna
Published: May 2021

The article shows the necessity to use information and communication technology in education due to the changes which have happened in the society and in the system of education in the coronavirus pandemic period. The requirements that a future English teacher must meet according to the third-generation higher education federal state standards are analysed. The conclusion that it is reasonable to include the questions concerning the usage of technologies, methods and teaching tools which suppose students’ cognitive, research and project activity in Methodology course in order to improve pedagogic education quality is made. Webquest is considered as a structured by the teacher Internet project, which helps the educator manage students’ research activity in distance and face-to-face learning. An emphasis is made on the fairly rigid structure that is typical of webquests – an introduction, a final task enunciation, a sequence of research steps, leading to the final task execution, presentation, analysis and evaluation. It is stated that the sequence of steps may vary depending on the pedagogic conditions. The author describes a webquest on Foreign Language Methodology that was created on the basis of this research. At the end of the article the questionnaire results of students who participated in the webquest piloting are given; methodological recommendations how to design and employ webquests are presented.
Structural Effects of Heat Treatment Holding-Time on Dynamic and Damping Behaviour of an Fe-28Mn-6Si-5Cr Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: POPA Mihai , PRICOP Bogdan , ISTRATE Bogdan , POPA Florin , GOANȚĂ Viorel , BUJOREANU Leandru Gheorghe
Published: May 2021

The paper reports the structural effects of holding time period, during heat treatment, on the dynamic and damping behavior of a Fe-28Mn-6Si-5Cr (mass. %) shape memory alloy. After casting and hot rolling, solution treatment at 1050 oC was applied for five holding times, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours, followed by water quenching. The specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction which emphasized that only the 2-hours solution treated specimens contained ε-hexagonal close packed (hcp) martensite and experienced the highest internal friction value. These specimens were tested on a special device which transformed both tension and compression into tensile strain applied to the specimens and proved to be a promising solution for anti-seismic damper.
Structural Changes of Nitrogen Ferrite After Aging in Temperature Interval up to 100 °С
Authors: MECHKAROVA Tatyana , ARGIROV Yaroslav , SPASOVA Daniela , STOYANOVA Aneliya
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to determine the extent of aging of nitrogen ferrite at temperatures below 100 °C and the structural and strength changes that occur in the process. The tests are carried out on samples of technically pure iron (Armco). The specimens are pre-deformed by tension and re-crystallisation heating to achieve a large-grain ferrite structure. A large-grained structure has been chosen to more accurately track the change in micro-hardness of the individual grains during the aging process. Nitric ferrite results from gas carbonitriding and subsequent hardening. Upon hardening, the samples are stored in a refrigerator, and then the surface layer formed is removed through electrochemical corrosion. Afterwards, aging heat treatment at temperatures below 100 °C is undertaken. After the aging process, micro-hardness of the individual grains is examined and X-ray structural analysis is performed.
Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles, Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Using Two Types of Algae Plants
Authors: SUICA-BUNGHEZ Ioana Raluca , COVALIU Ileana Cristina , SORESCU Ana Alexandra , ION Rodica Mariana
Published: May 2021

Scientific studies have demonstrated that the vegetable material extracts act as potential precursors for the synthesis of nanomaterial using eco-friendly ways. Because the plant extracts contain various secondary metabolites, they act as reducing and stabilizing agents for the bioreduction reaction for synthesis of novel metallic nanoparticles.Herein, we describe the characteristics of different algae types, from different locations (Belgium and South Correa). Algae have important components, like chlorophyll and other plant pigments, omega-3 fatty acids and essential elements. Also, it has been demonstrated that algae provide a rich source of natural bioactive compounds with antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Another important aspect is the fact that algae represent a good wastewater treatment. In addition to the economic aspect, algae biomass is a source of biodiesel and offers an efficient way for nutrient consumption and provides aerobic bacteria with oxygen through photosynthesis. It is a low-cost technique for the removal of phosphorus, nitrogen and pathogens. We first characterized and compared quantitatively (polyphenols, flavonoids) and qualitatively (carbohydrates, alkaloids) the properties of two algae types extracts (green algae - Enteromorpha spp. and brown ones - Hizikia fusiforme). We then obtained and characterized the gold nanoparticles, formed using HAuCl4 (10-3 M) and algae sample extracts. The algae extracts, the green method for obtaining metallic nanoparticles (AuNP) and the nanoparticles investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, optical microscopy and SEM technique are shown in this research.
Manufacturing Technology of Some Impact Resistant Materials
Authors: PĂDURARU Iulian , BRIA Vasile , CÎRCIUMARU Adrian
Published: May 2021

In this paper impact resistance is a key parameter for composite materials. Composite structures can experience impact loads either accidentally in the designed life or in an anticipated hostile service environment. That is why the manufacturing technology is very important. For materials manufacture were established: the type of polymer matrix, the types of fabrics and additives which will be used to improve impact resistance and also analysis of mechanical properties of formed composite materials (bending and tensile tests). Knowledge of the mechanical properties of polymeric materials is necessary in all areas of their applicability. Thus, rigidity and mechanical strength are key properties for most applications in which polymeric matrix composites are used.
LOLOSAN TAJUK, ALIRAN BATANG DAN INTERSEPSI PADA POHON PAKOBA (Syzigium sp.) NANTU (Palaquium obtusifolium Burck) DAN CEMPAKA (Magnolia tsiampacca)
Authors: Rumagit Novita I. , Kalangi J. I. , Saroinsong F. B.
Published: May 2021

Interception is one part of hidrology cycle which small value and sometimes ignored but interception has a large impact on certain plants. Amoun of value stem fall and through fall affected by interception. This study was conducted in Tomohon City Forest with purpose to determine magnitude of value through fall, stem fall and interception pakoba (Syzigium Sp.), nantu (Palaquium obtusifolium Burck) and cempaka (Magnolia tsiampacca). This research by using randomized group design method use 3 (tree) type of trees pakoba (Syzigium Sp.), nantu (Palaquium obtusifolium Burck) and cempaka (Magnolia tsiampacca). Each was repeated 5 (Five) times, in order to obtain 15 units of the experiment. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and further using BNT test. The result of this research show amount of value stem fall pakoba 10,55 %, nantu 9,01 % and cempaka 7,99 %. Amount of value through fall pakoba 8,13 %, nantu 5,25 % and cempaka 2,45 %. Amount of value interception pakoba 82 %, nantu 86,31 % and cempaka 89,37 %. BNT test show interception in pakoba 82 % significant different with cempaka 89,37 % and not significant different with nantu 86,31 %. Nantu 86,31 % not significant different with cempaka 89,37 %.
EVALUASI NILAI GIZI TEPUNG PISANG GOROHO (Musa acuminate, sp) TERMODIFIKASI
Authors: Sangkilen Lisa , Djarkasi Gregoria Sri Suhartati , Mandey Lucia Cecilia
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to identify the chemical properties of goroho plantain  flour produced through the process of modification of cold-boiled, cold-steamed and cold-roasted. The method used in this study is the experimental method. The parameters measured were starch content, amylose content, resistant starch content and in vitro digestibility of starch on modified goroho plantain flour. The results obtained in this study were an increase in starch content in cold-boiled treatment 79.29%, cold-steamed 76.83%, cold-roasted 72.86%, amylose content in cold-boiled treatment 25.54%, cold-boiled 24.37%, cold-roasted 21.40 %, resistant starch content of cold-boiled treatment 28.87%, cold-steamed 28.18%, cold-roasted 27.21%, and in vitro digestibility cold-boiled treatment 46.17%, cold-boiled 55.66%, cold-roasted 66.12%. The modification of goroho plantain flour with boiled, steamed and roasted treatments can increase the levels of resistant starch in goroho plantain flour. Keywords: goroho banana flour, resistant starch, goroho banana
REKAYASA MESIN PENGUPAS KULIT BUAH KOPI JENIS ROBUSTA MODEL TEP-JLL 2015 DI KABUPATEN TANA TORAJA
Authors: Langi Jois Limbong , Ludong Daniel P. M. , Lengkey Lady C. Ch. E.
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to design a pulper machine model TEP-JLL 2015 for fresh coffee robusta used in rural areas of Tana Toraja district. The machine was designed based on the analysis of physical characteristics of Robusta Tana Toraja coffee and literature study. The analysis result of physical characteristics showed the average length, thickness width was 12.494 mm, 12.802 mm, 10.687 mm, respectively, and the bulk density was 1,115 kg/m3. The theoretical hopper capacity of this machine was 3.7687 kg. Assuming the cylinder speed was 111.594 rpm with an effective distance setting system or flawed setting of 1.2 cm, the theoretical capacity of this pulper machine was 380.62 kg/hour. Keywords: fresh Robusta coffee fruit, pulper machine
Analisis Sekuens DNA Penyandi 18S rRNA pada Tumbuhan Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe x laetivirens)
Authors: Andariyusti Felly , Roslim Dewi Indriyani
Published: May 2021

(Article History: Received January 16, 2021; Revised April 6, 2021; Accepted April 13, 2021) ABSTRAKStudi mengenai stress pada tumbuhan semakin banyak didasarkan pada ekspresi gen. Gen penyandi 18S rRNA merupakan salah satu anggota dari gen housekeeping yang umum digunakan sebagai kontrol internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sekuens DNA penyandi 18S rRNA pada tumbuhan cocor bebek (K. x laetivirens). Metode penelitian meliputi ekstraksi DNA total dari daun segar menggunakan Mini Kit Genomic DNA Mini Kit Plant (Geneaid). Data sekuen DNA diolah menggunakan program BioEdit, BLASTn dan MEGA 6. Sekuen DNA parsial dari gen penyandi 18S rRNA K. x laetivirens telah diperoleh dengan ukuran 419pb. Sekuen tersebut memiliki kemiripan sebesar 99,28% dengan K. daigremontiana. Kalanchoe x laetivirens membentuk satu kelompok dengan sesama anggota dari famili Crassulaceae dan terpisah dari famili lainnya yang diteliti. Primer 18S rRNA spesifik terhadap cocor bebek telah dirancang, yaitu forward 5’- CAA ATT ACC CAA TCC TGA CA -3’ dan reverse 5’- CCA ACG TAA ATA GGA TCG AA -3’. Sekuen yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini berpotensi sebagai gen referensi setelah dilakukan validasi.Kata kunci: 18S rRNA; gen housekeeping; Kalanchoe x laetivirens; kontrol internal; PCR ABSTRACTPlant stress studies are based on gene expressions. This study aims to analyze the DNA sequence of 18S rRNA in cocor bebek (K. x laetivirens). Methods being out are total DNA isolation using Mini Kit Genomic DNA Mini Kit Plant (Geneaid). The DNA sequence was analyzed utilizing BioEdit, BLASTn and Mega 6 programs. Partial DNA sequence of 18S rRNA in K. x laetivirens has been obtained with 419 bp length. The DNA sequence has 99.28% similarity to K. daigremontiana. Kalanchoe x laetivirens formed one group with another species from the same family, Crassulaceae, based on the DNA sequence of 18S rRNA. A primer pair specific to K. x laetivirens for amplifying 18S rRNA has been designed such as forward 5’- CAA ATT ACC CAA TCC TGA CA -3’ and reverse 5’- CCA ACG TAA ATA GGA TCG AA -3’. This DNA sequence is potentially being employed as an internal control once the validation process completed.Keywords: 18S rRNA; housekeeping gene; internal control; Kalanchoe x laetivirens; PCR
APPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC LEVELS AND IMPACT OF THEIR ACCURACY ON CONSTRUCTION MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Sargazakova Sh.S. , Kudabayev M.D. , Sargazakov A.A. , Iskender kyzy Ch.
Published: May 2021

Currently, in Kyrgyzstan, the pace and scale of construction of residential buildings are increasing, and such a geodetic device as an electronic level is in high demand in the industry. This article provides comparative analysis of digital levels released in last thirty years, such as WILD NA2000, Sokkia SDL50 and Leica LS15. Particular attention is paid to the technical characteristics, the study and analysis of which are the conclusions and results. Based on the study, the authors clearly show the development and close connection of modern technologies with electronic surveying instruments – levels. The topic of this article is relevant as we can observe high rate of urban development in case of Bishkek, therefore, the demand for such a device is considered to be high.
ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF THE SATELLITE POSITIONING BY USING GNSS REFERENCE STATIONS
Authors: Chymyrov A.U. , Sargazakova Sh.S. , Ismailov N.Y.
Published: May 2021

The technology of satellite positioning by using RTK service by the KyrPOS -Control Centre of CORS Network is studied in this article. Differentially corrected satellite measurements with geodetic class GNSS receivers were done and their positioning accuracy was analyzed.
THE CULTURE OF THE KYRGYZ IN THE XVIII CENTURY
Authors: Tolobaeva E.A.
Published: May 2021

This article examines the material and spiritual culture of the Kyrgyz in the XVIII century. Some aspects of the traditional material culture of the Kyrgyz, such as housing, clothing and food, as well as the spiritual worldview of the Kyrgyz, are described. Its formation is inextricably linked with the nomadic civilization. It can be said that the nomadic way of life and the patriarchal-tribal way of life have left an indelible mark on the material and spiritual culture of the Kyrgyz. In addition, their surrounding way of life and means of subsistence were determined by the peculiarities of the nomadic lifestyle, the need to quickly change the place of nomadism and the seasonal nature of farming. In this article, an attempt is made to analyze the historical features of the material and spiritual culture of the Kyrgyz people in the period under review.
SOLUTION OF A NONLINEAR TWO-STAGE PROBLEM OF LOCATION OF PRODUCTION
Authors: Sharshembieva F.K. , Sultankul kyzy A. , Asankulova M.
Published: May 2021

A mathematical model of problem with limiting the production of products and the volume of transportation through the transfer points is developed. The production function is nonlinear, and the transport function is linear. The solving method of this problem is suggested. Transfer points are divided into several transfer points. The problem is reduced to the usual transport problem. The numerical example is compiled.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF THE INDUSTRY FOR THE PURPOSE OF CORPORATION PROPERTY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Orozalieva B.M. , Kanimetova A.B. , Imanalieva B.T.
Published: May 2021

The article considers industry as one of the priority sectors of the country's economic development, substantiates the efficiency of industrial development. In the modern world, the conditions of the external environment of industrial enterprises are dynamically changing, so enterprises have to develop in the difficult conditions of the globalization of the economy. In such a situation, the financial stability of enterprises is directly dependent on the state of innovation. In modern conditions, the requirements for the competitive environment of enterprises at the global level are based on the introduction of radical innovations, i.e. significant transformation of products and technologies. Information support for company management does not have a unified interpretation. It means a form of information service, a set of actions for the formation and selection of the necessary information for management, an activity that includes the collection, registration, processing, storage and presentation of data in order to analyze the results for decision-making. In this regard, it seems interesting to consider in this article the state of industry in the Kyrgyz Republic and the ways of its development.
Interacción de la política monetaria del Banco Central y de la política crediticia de la banca: El caso de México 1994-1995
Authors: Murillo Garza José Antonio
Published: May 2021

Esta investigación efectúa un análisis teórico acerca de la interacción entre el Banco Central y la banca, utilizando un enfoque de teoría de juegos. Estudia las implicaciones de la relación entre el Banco Central y la banca comercial, en la consecución de las metas de estabilidad en el sistema de precios y en el sistema financiero; considerando la optimalidad de contratos de política monetaria completamente acomodaticios o completamente astringentes. Para tal efecto, reflexiona sobre la optimalidad del mercado interbancario valor día anterior y el cobro de elevadas tasas punitivas por los sobregiros en la Cuenta Única. Adicionalmente, examina las bondades de los contratos de política monetaria reglamentados y discrecionales.
La teoría de expectativas racionales de la estructura temporal de tasas de interés y el valor de la opción de posponer inversión
Authors: Sod Hoffs Gabriel
Published: May 2021

La literatura sobre estructura temporal de tasas de interés, partiendo del supuesto del comportamiento racional de los agentes, establece que la tasa de interés de largo plazo es igual a la integral de las tasas presente y futuras de corto plaza, más una prima por liquidez, donde esta última tiende a desaparecer mediante el arbitraje. Este documento cuestiona este resultado mediante el uso explícito de opciones en la explicación del perfil de tasas. Mediante el análisis econométrico de la experiencia mexicana concluye que la prima de liquidez responde a cambios en la volatilidad de las tasas de interés y que dicha prima no se elimina por arbitraje.
“CBCT-THE THIRD AND THE MOST DIAGNOSTIC DIMENSION”: A CASE
REPORT
Authors: Jindal Rudrax , Gupta Rekha , Das Divyajoti , Gupta Abhishek Kumar
Published: May 2021

Radiology is an essential tool in the dental clinical practice as most structures harbouring disease are not
visible to the naked eye. There are various entities that are generally not noticed until periapical
pathology occurs. Under such circumstances, the diagnosis is difcult, as they mimic various other conditions. One of such
condition is root fracture after an endodontic treatment of tooth. Vertical root fracture (VRF) usually starts from an internal
dentinal crack and develops over time, due to masticatory forces and occlusal loads. Here in this paper we will discuss how we
stepwise diagnostic radiographic modalities are used to see the actual cause of pain in a 60 year old male patient. Cone Beam
Computed Tomography (CBCT) was done to view in 3D which revealed VRF of tooth. Throughout the paper the edge of CBCT
over other diagnostic modalities is discussed till we get our diagnosis.
Determinants of COVID-19 Case Fatality Rate in the US: Spatial Analysis Over One Year of the Pandemic
Authors: Kathe Niranjan , Wani Rajvi
Published: May 2021

Background: The United States continues to account for the highest proportion of the global Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths. Currently, it is important to contextualize COVID-19 fatality to guide mitigation efforts.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the ecological factors (policy, health behaviors, socio-economic, physical environment, and clinical care) associated with COVID-19 case fatality rate (CFR) in the United States.

Methods: Data from the New York Times’ COVID-19 repository and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Data (01/21/2020 - 02/27/2021) were used. County-level CFR was modeled using the Spatial Durbin model (SDM). The SDM estimates were decomposed into direct and indirect impacts.

Results: The study found percent positive for COVID-19 (0.057% point), stringency index (0.014% point), percent diabetic (0.011% point), long-term care beds (log) (0.010% point), premature age-adjusted mortality (log) (0.702 % point), income inequality ratio (0.078% point), social association rate (log) (0.014% point), percent 65 years old and over (0.055% point), and percent African Americans (0.016% point) in a given county were positively associated with its COVID-19 CFR. The study also found food insecurity, long-term beds (log), mental health-care provider (log), workforce in construction, social association rate (log), and percent diabetic of a given county as well as neighboring county were associated with given county’s COVID-19 CFR, indicating significant externalities.

Conclusion: The spatial models identified percent positive for COVID-19, stringency index, elderly, college education, race/ethnicity, residential segregation, premature mortality, income inequality, workforce composition, and rurality as important ecological determinants of the geographic disparities in COVID-19 CFR.
НАУКОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ МІНЕРАЛЬНОГО СКЛАДУ КОНДИТЕРСЬКИХ ВИРОБІВ
Authors: Лозова Т. М.
Published: May 2021

У статті викладено результати досліджень, які стосуються оптимізації мінерального складу борошняних кондитерських виробів на прикладі вафель. Рекомендується застосування нетра- диційних для кондитерської продукції інгредієнтів натурального походження як шляхів покращення її мінерального складу. Згідно з результатами дослідження пропонується використання у складі нових вафель таких інгредієнтів (кг/т): у модельному зразку № 1 – молоко сухе (107,6), пилок квітковий (20,99) та олія волоського горіха (19,13); у зразку № 2 – молоко сухе (94,92), екструдоване борошно квасолі (32,39), мед натуральний (72,87) та порошок квітів бузини чорної (24,29); у зразку № 3 – молоко сухе (63,89), порошок листя бадану (1,41), порошок квітів липи (43,86) і порошок плодів журавлини (61,40). Як контрольний зразок використовували традиційні вафлі “Артек”. Наведено результати товарознавчої оцінки отриманих нових виробів, які підтверджують поліпшення органолептичних і від- повідність фізико-хімічних показників якості. Застосування нових натуральних інгредієнтів призвело до поліпшення елементного складу. Всі модельні дослідні зразки вафель відрізняються від контроль- ного підвищеним кількісним вмістом макро- і мікроелементів, зокрема кальцію (в 2,6-3,2 раза), магнію (в 1,64-1,9 раза), фосфору (в 1,56-1,7 раза), заліза (в 1,66-3,2 раза). Вміст селену, що володіє сильно вираженими антиоксидантними властивостями, зріс у 4,8-5,6 раза. Слід відзначити, що в нових вафлях збільшився інтегральний скор по кальцію на 4,6-5,7 %, магнію – на 4,8-5,5 %, фосфору – на 3,6-3,9 %, залізу – на 7,5-14,4 %, міді – на 2,5-13 %. Вживання 100 г нових виробів забезпечить потребу організму в селені на 8,9-10,5 %, тоді як контроль – лише на 1,9 %. За критерієм оцінювання спів- відношення Са:Mg = 1:0,5-0,9:0,4 (у контролі – 0,8:0,7) і співвідношення Са:Р = 1,1:1,4-1:1,5-1,2:1,3 (у контролі 0,7:1,8) модельні зразки наближаються до оптимальних значень. Це вказує на істотні переваги нових виробів, оскільки засвідчує кращу засвоюваність елементів.
ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ДОЦІЛЬНОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ ОКРЕМОГО РИНКУ НАНОТЕКСТИЛЮ ТА ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МЕТОДІВ ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЙОГО ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ
Authors: Пушкар Г. О. , Галик І. С. , Семак Б. Д.
Published: May 2021

Як відомо, успішний розвиток нанонауки та нанотехнологій в Україні, як і в інших зару- біжних країнах, нерозривно пов’язані з досягненнями розвитку ринку їх нанопродукції. Тому існує потреба обов’язкового розгляду цих галузей взаємопов’язано. У даній роботі ми обмежимося тільки розглядом одного із аспектів цієї багатопланової проблеми – обґрунтуванням економічної та екологічної доціль- ності формування в Україні окремого сегменту товарного ринку нанотекстилю та виготовлення на його основі різноманітної нанопродукції. Актуальність вирішення цього завдання обумовлена низкою причин, а саме: потребою ліквідації існуючого відставання у розвитку в галузі нанотехнологій та ринку нанотекстилю порівняно із зарубіжними країнами (США, Японією, Китаєм, Німеччиною та іншими), які сьогодні є лідерами в цій галузі; необхідність поглиблення наукових досліджень у галузі розвитку нано- технологій та ринку нанотекстилю, які виконуються у галузевих та вузівських лабораторіях сфери лег- кої промисловості та торгівлі України; потреба створення більш досконалих методів формування та аналізу ринку нанотекстилю різного цільового призначення (одягового, медичного, військового, спеціаль- ного); необхідність проведення теоретичних досліджень ринку нанотекстилю, націлених на визначення рівня якості та безпечності окремих видів нанотекстилю, їх конкурентних переваг перед звичайними аналогами; подальше вдосконалення методик тестування основних видів нанотекстилю як нових това- рів на сучасному товарному ринку України. Обґрунтовано доцільність більш широкого вивчення та уза- гальнення зарубіжного досвіду розвитку нанотехнологій і ринку нанотекстилю з метою їх більш ефек- тивного використання в Україні. Обґрунтовано та визначено вплив розвитку технологій на підвищення ефективності роботи окремих галузей вітчизняної легкої промисловості (текстильної, швейної, три- котажної). Обґрунтовано необхідність створення нормативної документації для регламентації вимог до рівня якості та безпечності нанотекстилю та методів їх оцінки. Обґрунтовано доцільність подаль- шого вдосконалення системи підготовки фахівців технологічного і товарознавчо-комерційного профілю для потреб легкої промисловості і торгівлі України. При цьому ці компетентності повинні бути тісно пов’язані із конкретними вимогами відповідного освітнього стандарту.
РОЗШИРЕННЯ АСОРТИМЕНТУ НАТУРАЛЬНОГО ЖЕЛЕЙНОГО МАРМЕЛАДУ ІЗ ВТОРИННОЇ СИРОВИНИ
Authors: Самілик М. М. , Болгова Н. В. , Перцевий Ф. В. , Биков О. П.
Published: May 2021

У статті проаналізовано сучасні способи виготовлення желейного мармеладу на основі відходів переробки рослинної сировини в овочеві цукати. Метою статті є розширення асортименту желейного мармеладу із вторинної сировини з високою харчовою цінністю та мінімальними сировин- ними витратами. Представлено технологію комплексної переробки коренеплідних овочів у цукати методом осмотичної дегідратації, яка дає змогу максимально зберегти біологічну цінність продукту. Запропоновано технологію виготовлення желейного мармеладу із відходів виробництва овочевих цука- тів. За основу рекомендовано використовувати цукровий розчин, який використовується як осмотичне середовище. Цукровий розчин (сироп) після дегідратації буряків мав характерне вишневе забарвлення, після моркви – світло-солом’яне. Розроблено рецептуру желейного мармеладу з ароматом моркви та столового буряка, що дає змогу зберегти вміст вітамінів і мінералів, природний колір, аромат та смак овочів. У процесі дослідження проаналізовано драглеутворювачі рослинного (агар) та тварин- ного (желатин) походження, встановлено, що найвищу міцність драглю створює агар. При переробці буряків у цукати, за умови використання агару, міцність драглю становила 1268,23 г, а при викорис- танні сиропу після переробки моркви – 1268,23 г, із використанням того ж драглеутворювача. Дове- дено, що мармелад, виготовлений за розробленою технологією, має гарні органолептичні властивості та відповідає вимогам стандарту за фізико-хімічними показниками (вмістом вологи, загальною кис- лотністю). Природні смакоароматичні характеристики сировини дають змогу у виробництві марме- ладу відмовитися від синтетичних барвників, ароматизаторів та інших харчових добавок. Визначені основні напрями подальших досліджень, а саме: дослідження хімічного складу та харчової цінності овочевого мармеладу, виготовленого з відходу виробництва овочевих цукатів.