bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Theory of Mind (ToM): theoretical, neurobiological and clinical profiles
Authors: Perrotta Giulio
Published: January 2021

The concept of "Theory of Mind" (ToM) is defined as the cognitive ability to represent one's own and others' mental states, in terms of thoughts and beliefs, but also of desires, demands and feelings, so that one can explain and predict behaviour. In this work the theoretical profiles, the main reference models, the related neurobiological and clinical profiles are analysed, orienting future research on the question whether or not it is interesting to further investigate the theoretical aspects under examination, such as empathy and the perception of the self and the other in relation to the neurobiological components, to draw a common line able to connect the loss of these functions with the accentuation or the onset of certain pathologies, wondering whether it is the functional compromises of these capacities and functions that cause the psychopathological condition to arise or whether it is rather the disease that induces the dysfunctional modification of these capacities or functions.
Evaluasi Kepuasan Peserta Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Widyaiswara dan Fasilitas Pelatihan di BPSDM Aceh
Authors: Nurlia Nurlia
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to determine trainee evaluation toward two aspects, the first was trainer’s (Widyaiswara) teaching performance and, the second was training facilities in Human Resources Development Agency (Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia/BPSDM) of Aceh. The research method used was descriptive qualitative. There were 76 respondents which were taken from trainees of middle and lower level leadership trainings in BPSDM Aceh during financial year of 2018. Data were analyzed qualitatively and explained descriptively to answer research questions. The results showed that, in general, respondents rated trainer’s (Widyaiswara) teaching performance with good mark (82-90 points from 100 scale). Meanwhile evaluation result for training facilites in BPSDM Aceh were ranged from 9%(poor), 23%(adequate), 47%(good), and 21%(satisfactory). In conclusion, teaching performance during leadership training was good. Respondents found that study room and learning facilites were meet their expectation, on the other hand, residential dormitory was perceived unsatisfyingly.
Strategi Komunikasi Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral dalam Penyetaraan Jabatan Administrasi ke Jabatan Fungsional
Authors: Ramadani Thoriq , Sofyaningrum Eviana D
Published: January 2021

This research examined a communication strategy which was applied during the implementation of the delayering policy in the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (EMR). Delayering policy is a re-organization strategy which reduces bureaucracy by converting several administrative positions (middle manager) into functional/professional-based positions. Qualitative approach was used in this research with case studies method. Primary data was collected through interview, while secondary data was used through literature review. The research result identified a specific communication strategy that was applied during delayering policy implementation. Appointed communicators in this case were the First Echelon Managers who had previously got a direct message from the Minister of EMR, Second Echelon Managers, Third Echelon Managers, Fourth Echelon Managers, and Staffs within the Ministry of EMR. The target was set for all the Third Echelon Managers and Fourth Echelon Managers in the Ministry of EMR. Formulation of messages based on information from the Ministry of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform that no employee would be disadvantaged. Selection of media was by information dissemination during the meeting at every unit level and also through the WhatsApp Groups messages. Moreover, the dissemination of messages was carried out through a briefing by the Secretary General of the Ministry of EMR, discussions, and WhatsApp Groups. The expected effects were that the middle manager could comprehend and comply with the delayering policy. The research recommended that the Ministry of EMR needed to issue written guidance, such as a pocket book, that explained the delayering policy and its impact in order to suppress any potential resistance.
CONTINUITY OF AFROCENTRIC TROPES ABOUT AFRICAN AMERICAN IDENTITY FORMATION IN THE NOVELS BY PAULE MARSHALL AND GLORIA NAYLOR
Authors: Novkinić Sandra
Published: January 2021

African American literature that is fundamentally a socially symbolic
linguistic construct, seeks different ways to expand and continue the
use of Afrocentric vernacular tropes of personal and collective identity
formation. The five residual oral forms – oratory (including everyday
speech acts), myth/ritual performance, legend, tale, and song – as well
as satire, irony, and paradox are used by contemporary African American novelists.
This paper points to how the legendary black ancestors and elder members of the community, the gifted and often rebellious orator, musician, artist, the spiritual leader, and the messianic figure are equally enduring symbols and tropes.
The aim of this work is to show the way in which the contemporary African American novelists Paule Marshall and Gloria Naylor use these (above mentioned) characters and symbols to reconstruct their long struggle as individuals and as community against
anti-black racism. Therefore, the focus of this paper is on continuity of Afrocentric tropes in African American personal/collective and female/male identity formation as represented in selected novels by Paule Marshall and Gloria Naylor.
COMPARISON OF TIMBAL LEVELS (Pb) ON BLOOD SHELLS (Anadara granosa) AND BAKAU (Shell Telescopium telescopium) IN PLACE AUCTION OF FISH (TPI) LAPPA SINJAI DISTRICT
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Rustiah Wa Ode , Nurhidayat Nurhidayat , Dewi Novie Rezkiyana
Published: January 2021

Shellfish is one of the sea products that is very popular with the community including the community in Sinjai Regency as a potential coastal and fishery resources that have a fish auction place (TPI). Shellfish are one of the most efficient marine animals to accumulate heavy metals. This is due to the fact that shellfish live in the bottom sedimentary layer of water, move very slowly, and their food comes from detritus in the bottom waters, so the chance of entering heavy metals into the body is very large. Shells can be contaminated by lead (Pb) which enters the body of water through the crystallization of lead in the air with the help of rain water. Lead which accumulates in water and sediments will enter the water and accumulate in the water causing toxic effects on the organisms in it, including some types of shellfish. If humans consume shells that contain heavy metals in high enough quantities will have a negative impact on health. In the human body, heavy metals will combine with active enzymes to become inactive enzymes, so the synthesis of red blood grains (Hb) can be inhibited, consequently it can cause anemia. The purpose of the study was to determine lead content (Pb) in the sample of shellfish. The object of research is blood shells and mangrove shells, analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (SSA) method with a total sample of 10. The results obtained by lead (Pb) in blood shells (Anadara granosa) with an average of 0.0439 mg / kg while the mangrove shells (Telescopium telescopium) with an average of 0.0176 mg / kg. Both shellfish samples did not exceed the maximum limit set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) of 1.5 mg / kg. Based on the data analysis test p value = 0.011 <0.05 which can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the levels of lead (Pb) in blood shells (Anadara granosa) and mangrove shells (Telescopium telescopium). Keywords: Blood Shells (Anadara granosa), Mangrove Shells (Telescopium telescopium), Lead (Pb),                  Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (SSA)
Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Daerah Rawan Bencana Gunung Meletus Melalui Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Balut Bidai Pada Luka Trauma di desa Wioi dan Tumaratas Dua Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Rondonuwu Rolly Harvie Stevan , Tandiayuk Monica , Tuegeh Johana
Published: January 2021

Indonesia adalah salah satu negara yang mengalami kejadian bencana alam cukup banyak seperti banjir, tanah longsor, gempah bumi, gunung meletus, tsunami. Hal ini diakibatkan karena letak Indonesia berada di pertemuan lempeng-lempeng Eurasia, Indo-Australia dan Pasifik. Pertemuan lempeng dalam jangka panjang menyebabkan pelepasan energi yang menghasilkan bencana. Indonesia berada di jalur “The Ring of Fire” (cincin api) yaitu jalur rangkaian gunung api aktif di dunia. Oleh karena itu jumlah gunung api di Indonesia sekitar 129 beberapa diantaranya memiliki riwayat letusan yang hebat  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan antara kelompok control dan intervensi.                     Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan  quasi exsperiment  group control pre-post test  untuk membandingkan intervensi pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi, selanjutnya perbedaan pada pre-test dan post-test diasumsikan sebagai efek dari eksperimen. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah Masyarakat  yang di Kecamatan Ratahan Timur dan Langowan Barat   yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi jumlah sampel 35.Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai  yang signifikan skor sebelum dan sesudah intervensi  kelompok Intervensi  dengan nilai p 0.00 (paired t test) Dengan demikian terdapat pengaruh intervensi video. terdapat perbedaan skor pada kelompok yang diberikan intervensi model ceramah dan leaflet (kelompok control)  dengan kelompok intervensi model ceramah dan video dengan nilai p 0.00. (t idenpendent test). Kesimpulan Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan tingkat kesiapsiagaan antara kelompok kontrol dan intervensi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi  dengan metode yang berbeda. Hal ini  berarti bahwa metode/model  edukasi sangat mempengaruhi kesiapsiagaan masyarakat  dalam menghadapi bencana. Kata Kunci : Kesiapsiagaan;Pengetahuan;Ketrampilan;Balut; Bidai
KARAKTERISTIK DAN LAMA PENGGUNAAN KONTRASEPSI DEPOT MEDROXYASETAT (DMPA) DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP AKSEPTOR
Authors: Aprilina Aprilina , Franciska Yunetra
Published: January 2021

Depot Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) merupakan kontrasepsi injeksi progestin yang sangat efektif, aman, dapat dipakai oleh semua perempuan dalam usia reproduksi, kembalinya kesuburan lebih lambat rata-rata 4 bulan dan sangat cocok untuk wanita menyusui karena tidak menekan produksi ASI. Banyak efek penggunaan DMPA yang mungkin akan dialami. Banyaknya efek samping yang dialami oleh para akseptor kontrasepsi DMPA dikhawatirkan akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup mereka.Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik dan lama penggunaan dengan kualitas hidup pada akseptor kontrasepsi depot mendroxyasetat (DMPA) di Bidan Praktik Mandiri Palembang dilihat berdasarkan 4 aspek/domain. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Cross sectional, waktu penelitian bulan Juni-Nopember tahun 2017. Tempat penelitian di BPM wilayah kota Palembang. Responden adalah semua akseptor kontrasepsi DMPA yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Tehnik pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakan simpel random sampling. Tehnik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner biodata, WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire. Analisis data univariat dengan distribusi frekuensi dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-Square.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara usia responden dengan domain 3 (keadaan psikologis) kualitas hidup akseptor yaitu dengan nilai ρ value 0,02,   hubungan yang bermakna antara lama penggunaan kontrasepsi dengan domain 3 (keadaan psikologis) kualitas hidup akseptor dengan nilai ρ value 0,02, dan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara usia responden dengan domain 4 (lingkungan) kualitas hidup akseptor dengan nilai ρ value 0,03.Kesimpulan dapat dilihat bahwa dari hasil analisis tidak semua domain kualitas hidup (kesehatan fisik, psikologis, hubungan sosial, lingkungan) jika dihubungkan dengan karakteristik dan lama penggunaan kontrasepsi memiliki hubungan yang bermakna. Kata Kunci: Kualitas hidup, karakteristik, lama penggunaan, kontrasepsi DMPA
MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DENGAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA MAKASSAR
Authors: Amdadi Zulaeha A , Afriani Afriani , Sabur Fitriati
Published: January 2021

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor risiko utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Indonesia merupakan Negara dengan dengan peringkat kelima dalam hal kejadian hipertensi di Kawasan Asia Tenggara yaitu sebanyak 15% dari seluruh penduduk. Hipertensi dalam kehamilan (HDK) mempengaruhi sekitar 10% dari semua perempuan hamil diseluruh dunia. Penyakit dan kondisi ini termasuk preeeklampsia dan eklampsia, hipertensi gestasional dan hipertensi kronik. Salah satu upaya deteksi dini terhadap kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil adalah dengan pengukuran Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Mean Arterial Pressure dan indeks massa tubuh dengan kejadian preeklampsia pada ibu hamil di RS. Bhayangkara Makassar tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hybrid yaitu menggabungkan dua metode pendekatan waktu yaitu cross sectional dan cohort prospektif. Populasi penelitian adalah semua ibu hamil yang memeriksakan kehamilannya di RS. Bhayangkara Makassar dengan usia kehamilan > 20 minggu, yang mengalami preeklampsia dan tidak preeklampsia sebanyak 2.160 orang. Metode sampling menggunakan accidental sampling. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran tekanan darah, tinggi badan dan berat badan pada ibu hamil yang datang memeriksakan kehamilannya. Analisa data hasil penelitian dengan analisis univariat,  bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan MAP dan IMT dengan kejadian preeklampsia dengan nilai p = 0,00. Disarankan kepada institusi/fasilitas kesehatan untuk untuk mencegah hal terjadinya preeklampsia dan eklampsia pencegahan dini terutama pada kelompok yang berisiko tinggi yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kemungkinan terjadinya preeklampsia pada wanita hamil sejak awal kehamilan.
PENERAPAN LATIHAN WILLIAM FLEXION DENGAN MC. KENZIE TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI PINGGANG BAWAH NON SPESIFIK DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM LABUANG BAJI MAKASSAR
Authors: Karim Kasrina , Suharto Suharto , Durahim Darwis
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Nyeri pinggang bawah merupakan gangguan berupa nyeri  yang terlokalisasi antara tulang rusuk 12 dan lipatan glutealis bawah, dengan atau  tanpa sakit pada kaki. Nyeri pinggang bawah merupakan gangguan tulang belakang yang dapat menyebabkan timbulnya nyeri sehingga menyebabkan gangguan mobilitas dan fungsional sehingga menghambat aktivitas pekerjaan dan aktivitas kegiatan sehari-hari. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasy experiment di lapangan dengan menggunakan rancangan pretest-posttest two group. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien nyeri pinggang bawah non spesifik yang berusia 20 – 40 tahun yang datang berobat di klinik fisioterapi Rumah Sakit Umum Labuang Baji Makassar yang berjumlah 35 orang. Hasil : Hasil analisis wilcoxon test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan hasil pengukuran aktualitas nyeri lumbal sebelum dan sesudah pemberian William flexion (p=0,018 < 0,05). Demikian halnya pada pemberian Mc. Kenzie  (p=0,018 < 0,05). Hasil analisis Mann-whitney test menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan setelah pemberian William flexion dengan  Mc. Kenzie terhadap pengukuran aktualitas nyeri lumbal (p=0,068 < 0,05). Jika dilihat pada selisih rata-rata, maka selisih rata-rata pemberian William flexion lebih besar dibanding pemberian Mc. Kenzie. Kesimpulan : Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu ada perbedaan pengaruh antara pemberian William flexion dengan Mc. Kenzie, dimana jika dilihat pada selisih rata-rata pemberian William flexion menunjukkan pengaruh yang lebih baik. Kata kunci: Low back pain non spesifik, William flexion dan Mc. Kenzie.1Mahasiswa Jurusan Fisioterapi Poltekkes Makassar2Dosen Jurusan Fisioterapi Poltekkes Makassar3Dosen Jurusan Fisioterapi Poltekkes Makassar
FORMULATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF HAND SANITIZER ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BASIL (Ocimum Sanctum. L) AGAINST Escherichia coli dan Streptococcus Aureus
Authors: Farid Nurfiddin , Awaluddin Nurhikma , Hamzah Suhartina , Yusuf Muhammad , Rahmania Rahmania
Published: January 2021

Basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) Against to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to increase its effectiveness, it is made in practical and easy-to-use preparations. One of the effective dosage forms for topical use is Hand Sanitizer. The factor that influences the quality of gel preparations is Carbopol as a gelling agent. To know the antibacterial effect and ethanol extract concentration of basis leaves (Ocimum sanctum L). preparation of Hand sanitizer, in which the selection and type of carbopol concentration will determine the stability of the gel formed. Basil leaf extract was obtained by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The product is formulation in the form a gel Hand sanitizer with the addition of carbopol as a gelling agent with a concentration of 1,5% this type of research is  laboratory Experiment with Stability Test, Organoleptic Test, pH, Homogeneity and Scattering power and Antibacterial Test on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. For testing antibacterial activity the method used is the diffusion method. Form the research results obtained antibacterial Hand sanitizer preparations with concentration of 1%, 3% and 5%  showed changes in odor , color and shape before and after storage at pH 4,8- 6,4. Organoleptic  testing showed no changes in odor, color and shape before and after accelerated storage. pH testing shows charges before and after storage are caused by temperature light factors. Homogeneity testing showed no changes before and after storage. Scatter tests indicate changes before and after storage caused by temperature light factors. Antibacterial activity test shows that the formulation of Hand sanitizer ethanol extract of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) with a concentration of 1%, 3% and 5%. can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with Medium -Strong inhibitory zones. From the results of research conducted it was concluded that the antibacterial Hand sanitizer ethanol of basis was physically and chemically stable for Organiletic, pH, Homogeneity and Scattering effects.
ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN NUTRISI PADA ANAK DENGAN DEMAM THYPOID
Authors: Rahman Muhtar , Hasan Hasan
Published: January 2021

Asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan demam thypoid dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi.Demam thypoid adalah penyakit infeksi akut yang biasanya mengenai saluran pencernaan dengan gejala demam yang lebih dari satu minggu, Gangguan pada saluran pencernaan dan gangguan kesadaran.        Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan dalam             pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi pada anak dengan demam thypoidMetode yang digunakan adalah penelitian studi kasus berupa pendekatan asuhan secara komprehensif sesuai proses keperawatan bertujuan menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan demam thypoid dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi Manfaat bagi penulis adalah dapat menambah pengetahuan dan wawasan serta dapat mengaplikasikan dan mensosialisasikan teori yang telah diperoleh selama perkuliahan. Hasil penelitian diketahuinya proses pengkajian pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi yang dilakukan oleh penulis, ketiga anak dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi yang hampir sama yakni tidak terjadinya kekurangan nutrisi dari tahap evaluasi selama 3 kali pertemuan.Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah tidak terjadi kesenjangan antara teori dan fakta yang didapat di lapangan yakni ada hubungan antara demam thypoid dengan pemenuhan nutrisi.Saran bagi peneliti lain diharapkan dapat melakukan penelitian lanjutan agar dapat mengetahui faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi pencegahan infeksi.Kata Kunci: Anak, Demam Thypoid, Nutrisi
GAMBARAN KEJADIAN KARIES GIGI PADA ANAK KELAS 2 SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 20 SUNGAISELAN
Authors: Kusuma Angga Prawira , Taiyeb Abdul Muhaimin
Published: January 2021

Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan penyakit yang hampir dialami oleh setengah populasi di dunia. Prevalensi karies gigi di Indonesia cenderung tinggi di atas 70%.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian karies gigi di SD Negeri 20 Sungaiselan dan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian karies gigi. Metodelogi penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kulitatif dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 54,17  % responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki, 70,83% siswa mengkonsumsi makanan kariogenik dengan tingkat tinggi serta 66,67% melakukan sikat gigi lebih dari dua kali sehari. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa jenis kelamin tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan p= 0,446, namun tingkat konsumsi makanan kariogenik dan frekuensi menyikat gigi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan p=0,001 dan p=0,002  pada taraf 0,05%. Kata Kunci : karies, kariogenik, gigi
Test and Evaluation of Patient Tracking Platform: Use of Near Field Communication
Authors:   Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Tavakoli Nahid , Yarmohammadian Mohammad ,   Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Samimi Ali ,   Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: In an earthquake situation, medical response communities such as field and referral hospitals are challenged with injured victims’ identification and tracking. Materials and Methods: In our project, a patient tracking platform (PTP) was developed where first responders triage the patients with an electronic tag that report the location and some information of each patient during his/her movement. This platform includes: 1) Near Field Communication (NFC) tags (ISO 14443), 2) Smart mobile phones (Android-based version 4.2.2), 3) Base station laptops (Windows), 4) Server software, 5) Android software to use by first responders, 5) Disaster Command software, and 6) System Architecture. Results: Our model has been completed through literature review, Delphi technique, focus group, design the platform, and implementation in an earthquake exercise. Test and evaluation of PTP platform were done collaborating with Red Cross staff successfully. Conclusion: It is demonstrated the robustness of the patient tracking platform (PTP) in tracking six patients in a simulated earthquake situation in the yard of the relief and rescue department of Isfahan’s Red Crescent.
Ranking of Factors Influencing Injury and Death by Accident Using Analytical Approach: A Case Study of Ilam Province Roads
Authors:   Department of Management, Tehran Branch, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran., Omidi Nabi , Jafari Eskandari Meysam ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Tehran Branch, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran., Omidi Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Tehran Branch, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: January 2021

Background: Every year many people are killed or injured in road accidents. The first step in planning to reduce accidents is to identify the causes of accidents. This study aimed to investigate and identify the causes and factors affecting the incidence and the severity of road accidents as a major issue in Ilam Province, Iran. Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive study with an analytical approach. Descriptive and inferential statistics indices were used for statistical analysis. A researcher-made questionnaire as fieldwork was used to investigate the factors affecting accidents. Friedman test was used in the analytical study of the data obtained from the questionnaires. The study population included all drivers of the public suburban fleet, including taxis, minibusses, and buses on the Ilam Province. Out of 190 drivers, a sample size of 127 was selected using a Cochran formula. Results: From the drivers’ point of view, the main causes of public fleet accidents on the roads of Ilam Province are the quality and technical issues of the roads. Interviewees believed that dangerous turns, low width, poor road quality, and inadequate traffic signs are the main causes of accidents. After that, human factors are in the second place, including high speed and overturning, left-sway, and unmanageable rush, emphasizing the two factors of high speed and overtaking. The technical and qualitative factors of the vessels are in third place. Finally, the environmental and natural factors are in fourth place. Conclusion: Because the drivers consider the quality and technical issues of the roads as the main causes of traffic accidents in the transportation axes of Ilam Province, it is necessary to review and repair these transportation axes.
Agronegocios de producción lechera en el Carchi: factores climáticos
Authors: Carvajal Pérez Luis Alfredo , Montenegro Guillermo Fausto
Published: January 2021

El ensayo expone, desde un enfoque social, científico y técnico, los aspectos y consecuencias más relevantes relacionadas con la incidencia de los factores climáticos en los agrosistemas lecheros en la provincia del Carchi. En esta zona la producción lechera, es de primera importancia como actividad generadora de alimentos básicos y de recursos económicos. Sin embargo, el mal uso de los recursos naturales ha generado una degradación de estos y causado efectos negativos en la vida del hombre. La biodiversidad, el agua, el suelo y las poblaciones humanas están estrechamente relacionados, de manera que un cambio en uno de ellos genera cambios en los otros, la responsabilidad de esto recae en las prácticas de administración defectuosas en los agrosistemas. El objetivo es: proponer una metodología para analizar la influencia de los factores climáticos en los agronegocios de producción lechera. Con estos elementos se obtendrá un modelo económico matemático de valoración que proporcione información con la cual las autoridades definan políticas públicas para convertir a esta actividad, en una alternativa de desarrollo económico sostenible y consecuentemente mejorar la calidad de vida de los productores.
Ecuador y Venezuela. La realidad de las personas con discapacidad, en período de pandemia COVID 19
Authors: Romero Chico Rosa Angélica , Pascucci Stelluto Dante Pino
Published: January 2021

El problema u objeto de estudio en el artículo es el estado del derecho a la salud de las personas con discapacidad, cuando el planeta siente la pandemia COVID 19 producida por el coronavirus. El objetivo es comparar la situación del derecho a la salud de las personas con discapacidad en las realidades ecuatoriana y venezolana. Uno de los derechos citados en la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos, ha sido el derecho a la salud; analizar la situación pandémica que se vive permite enfrentar la situación con criterio y sensibilidad por el prójimo. Ciertamente la población ha tenido la necesidad de conocer lo que vive, como reaccionar en forma eficaz, como las personas con discapacidad (PcD) han enfrentado la epidemia, como el gobierno ha apoyado a las PcD directamente debido a la situación de riesgo no solo en la salud sino en la manera de cubrir los dos primeros grupos de necesidades básicas que son las fisiológicas y las de seguridad. Bajo el análisis del derecho comparado se ha evidenciado la claridad y similitud de las constituciones; mientras que los modelos de gestión-comunicación varían, el control de la pandemia en el trabajo hasta el momento se ha realizado a través de los líderes y el área de seguridad laboral y salud ocupacional. La realidad socio política y económica de Venezuela ha conllevado consecuencias mayores en período de pandemia, cada día los hermanos venezolanos han caminado desde las diferentes fronteras hacia su país, debido a la falta de empleo producida por la enfermedad en la sociedad.
Factores de riesgo psicosociales y work engagement en personal de enfermería de aislamiento y UCI del Hospital Luis Gabriel Dávila
Authors: Castro Ayala Mayra Gisela , Noroña Salcedo Darwin Raul , Morillo Cano Julio Rodrigo
Published: January 2021

Históricamente la enfermería ha cumplido un papel determinante en el cuidado y alta del paciente consolidando las tendencias humanistas y el desarrollo de las ciencias médicas. Por la misión asistencial presenta amenazas para sus trabajadores provenientes de los factores de riesgo psicosociales. El work engagement influye en el desempeño profesional. Objetivo: determinar la relación de los factores de riesgo psicosociales en el work engagement en el personal de enfermería del área de cuidado COVID - 19 del Hospital Luis G. Dávila año 2020. Metodología: se aplicó el instrumento Factores de Riesgo Psicosocial de Silva (2006) y la escala de Validación UWER-9 para profesionales de la Salud a 64 enfermeros, se aplicaron análisis descriptivos, inferencial y asociativo. Resultados: hubo inferencia significativa en contenido y características de la tarea relacionado con absorción, donde muestra una inadecuada percepción y falta de efectividad; antigüedad con vigor y absorción guarda relación que a mayor antigüedad menor vigor y las personas con más años laborando sienten menos interés y expectativa, si bien existe una relación entre los dos factores no se obtuvieron asociaciones. En sentido opuesto se registró riesgo bajo en Remuneración del rendimiento, Interacción social y Aspectos Organizacionales. Conclusiones: Las condiciones estructurales del trabajo y la organización son determinantes en el desarrollo de la absorción, de la concentración del personal enfermero y en conjunto de la percepción de plenitud y felicidad en el puesto de trabajo. La aparición de elementos positivos permitirá superar el proceso de agotamiento en el work engagement.
Max Scheler’s education concept in the light of his philosophical anthropology
Authors:   Surgut State University, Burkhanov Rafael A. , Gagarin Anatoly S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: January 2021

In modern pedagogy, the educational ideal of knowledge is gradually being established as a special property of a person included in the existence of the world. The formation of a person comes to the fore here, not just the process of transferring a certain amount of knowledge. One of the founders of this approach is Max Scheler. Materials and methods. The general foundations for the study of his concept of education were the method of philosophical and anthropological reconstruction and the method of meaningful and semantic interpretation, as well as dialectical, hermeneutic, comparative, ascent from the abstract to the concrete, systemic and other methods. The main results of the study. The German thinker developed his theory of education on the basis of philosophical anthropology and the sociology of knowledge, the component parts of which are phenomenology and axiology. The main task of philosophical anthropology is to analyze the essence and essential structure of man, the sources of his being, which combines a powerful but blind energetic-vital “impulse” and a seeing, but weak content-semantic “spirit” axiologically striving towards the Divine. First of all, a person is a loving creature, and then – a knowing and willing. Scheler identified three types of knowledge – practical, positive, aimed at achieving pragmatic goals; essential, educational, aimed at the formation and development of the individual, and metaphysical, salvific, striving to comprehend the higher basis of being, which can be used in the process of education and spiritual development of a person, where the second type of knowledge plays the main role. Education is the process of self-creation of a person through love for other people, God and the whole world, the philosopher emphasizes. The metaphysical prerequisite for the self-formation of a personality is freedom as the spontaneity of its spiritual center. The goal of education is the realization of the ideal of the whole human as a comprehensively and spiritually developed personality, consistently revealing all its essential capabilities. In the absolute sense, the “whole human” is the “guiding idea” of a person who, in infinite form and finite variety, consistently reveals all his essential capabilities. In a relative sense, this ideal is embodied in the idea of a “well-formed human” striving for self-development in specific historical conditions and life circumstances. The comprehensive and holistic worldview of the individual, the philosopher comes to the conclusion, is possible through the acquisition and assimilation of essential, educational and other types of knowledge that determine the structure of ordering and understanding the facts of the possible experience of people.
The analysis of students' preferences of mobile applications for studying Russian as a foreign language
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Potemkina Tatiana V. , Bondareva Lilia V. ,   National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Novoselova Svetlana ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Shevechkova Monika ,   Masaryk University
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the research comes from the tendency for the Russian as a foreign language methodology to apply digital learning tools. The research focuses on mobile applications that are used for self-studies by international students learning Russian. The aim of the research is to establish the factors that influence the preferences in online applications among students learning Russian in different countries. The methodology and research methods. The research relies on the theoretical methods of the analysis of scholarly works, the analysis of the distinctive features of learning Russian in the countries with different social and cultural contexts of language education (the Czech Republic, Turkmenistan). The survey used to gather empirical data (the total of 103 respondents) was aimed to identify the preferences of international students in their choice of online language applications. Results. The research established that about 90% of students from both groups resort to using mobile Internet for learning Russian. Students from the Czech Republic choose language online applications much more frequently than their peers from Turkmenistan (80% and 20% respectively). Czech students prefer to use applications with in-built methodology systems that encourage the development of different types of speech activities. Students from Turkmenistan use applications with a limited range of methodology resources. The factors that are found to influence students’ preferences include the existing context for language training (access to language training, use of digital resources for learning), the presence of the native language in the digital resources, the proficiency level in the intermediary language which is included in the digital education environment.
Conceptualization of serious play in modern sociocultural reality
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Fanenshtil Tatiana V. , Sadykova Irina V. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Sukhanova Sofya Y. ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: January 2021

In the conditions of transformation of sociocultural reality, its processes, levels, spheres, and new integrative social phenomena emerge, the meaning and role of which in the modern world have yet to be clarified. One of such phenomena is serious play. Traditionally, the playful and the serious, at the intersection of which serious play arises, are positioned as independent and mutually exclusive elements of the social world. We examine what changes in the social reality, in the relations of the playful and the serious, in the position of man in modern social processes make serious play possible and how serious play redetermines the conditions of its occurrence. For this, we used methods of philosophical analysis and hermeneutics: interpretation, conceptualization, comparative analysis. As a theoretical and methodological basis, we used the categorical apparatus of social philosophy, theory of practice, pragmatism, and social epistemology. As a result, we found that serious play is thought of as a social process in the range from an individual to global scale. In serious play, the subject, through the generation of meanings, performs both the production and reproduction of culture in predetermined ontoaxiological bases, and constructs these bases, while realizing the degree of his freedom, responsibility and immersion in the world he creates through his practices. The significance of the results of our research lies in the fact that the concept of serious play at the intersection of serious and game relations reveals the potential of serious play as an element of sociocultural reality. Serious play reflects the level of complexity of modern reality and ensures that a person adapts to the ever-increasing dynamics of this complexity. The trend of gamification registers this in the space of higher education, which causes a change in the role of the university in the modern social world. Serious play redefines the position of a person in the modern, dynamic and individualized social world. For the first time, serious play is conceptualized at the intersection of the playful and the serious as independent and mutually exclusive elements of sociocultural reality and is analyzed in the trend of the gamification of higher education.
Participação do homem no processo gravidez e nascimento: Uma perspectiva de gênero
Authors: Torres Yasmine Karina Sotomayor , Paes Sílvia Regina , Morais Rosane Luzia de Souza
Published: January 2021

O processo da gravidez e do nascimento é considerado como uma função da mulher, isso geralmente é influenciado pelo determinismo biológico que permite a mulher engravidar e ter filhos. Além do biológico, o processo de gravidez e parto tem uma forte influência social, dos estereótipos de gênero tradicionais. Entretanto, este processo também envolve diretamente o homem. Portanto, a presente revisão tem como objetivo apresentar os principais pontos das representações sociais sobre a participação do homem no processo da gravidez e do nascimento, dentro de uma perspectiva de gênero. Pretende-se ao final, enfatizar a necessidade de se promover as novas masculinidades com reflexo positivo para sociedade e saúde. Uma perspectiva de gênero no processo de gravidez e do nascimento poderá contribuir para promover mudanças em relação a igualdade de gênero em seu aspecto mais amplo.
Metabolic and Haematological Profile of Infants Born to Gestational and Pregestational Diabetic Mothers
Authors: Sonia Sheikh Farjana , Haque Md Fazlul , Parvin Ruma , Sultana Azmeri , Afroze Sharmin , Hassan Mohammad Sayeed
Published: January 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder complicating pregnancy. Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) are prone to develop complications during early neonatal period. The study was undertaken to describe and compare the metabolic and haematological parameter of infants born to gestational (GDM) and pregestational (PGDM) diabetic mothers.

Meterials and Methods: The hospital based prospective study was conducted at special care neonatology unit of Dr. M. R. Khan Shishu Hospital & ICH from January 2018 to December 2018. Blood samples were collected to perform relevant biochemical and haematological tests.

Results: Of the 68 neonates, 61.8% were born to mothers with GDM and 38.2% were born to mothers with PGDM. In case of GDM, 4.8% were Small for Gestational Age (SGA), 61.9% were Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA) and 33.3% were Large for Gestational Age (LGA). Hypoglycemia occurred in 71.4% of neonates with GDM and 53.8% of neonates with PGDM. Hypocalcemia was observed in 47.6% of neonates with GDM and 69.2% of neonates with PGDM. Frequency of hypoglycemia, polycythemia and hyperbilirubinemia were significantly higher in neonates born to mothers with GDM (p value 0.01, 0.02 and < 0.001 respectively) and frequency of hypocalcemia was significantly higher in neonates born to mothers with PGDM (p value 0.02).

Conclusions: The frequency of hypoglycaemia, polycythemia and hyperbilirubinemia were significantly more in newborns of GDM compared to infants of PGDM but the frequency of hypocalcemia was significantly more in newborns of PGDM.

Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (2) :82-86
Decolorization of Synthetic Dyes by Aspergillus flavus Strain EF-3 Isolated from Textile Dyeing Sludge
Authors: Karim Md Ekramul , Dhar Kartik , Md Moniruzzaman - , Hossain Mohammad Uzzal , Das Keshob Chandra , Hossain Md Towhid
Published: January 2021

Treatment of textile and dyeing wastewater using indigenous dye-degrading microorganisms is considered to be a sustainable bioremediation strategy. In the present study, a dye-decolorizing fungal strain was isolated from dyeing sludge and identified as Aspergillus flavus strain EF-3 on the basis of cultural, morphological and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequencing. The fungal strain was tested to decolorize five commercially available textile reactive dyes and dye mixture as well. The decolorization efficiencies were ranged from 62% to 100% for 100 mg/L concentration of each dye in Czapek Dox broth within 6 days of incubation at 27°C, and 120 rpm batch-culture conditions. The dyes Novacron Brilliant Blue FN-R, Bezema Yellow S8-G and dye mixture were completely decolorized within the stipulated time period. The nature of decolorization was found to be co-metabolic, i.e., dyes were not used as the sole source of energy for fungal growth and required an external co-substrate, sucrose for induction of decolorization process. The dye removal mechanism involves initial biosorption of the dye in fungal mycelium followed by subsequent biodegradation to colorless end-product. The findings of the present study provide valuable insights to desgin effective biological treatment for dyeing wastewater using the fungus Aspergillus flavus.

Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 37 Number 1 June 2020, pp 7-13
Konservasi Benteng Bau-Bau
Authors: Swastikawati Ari , Sutopo Marsis , Permana Dhanny Indra , Hanggoro Pramudianto Dwi , Purwoko Al Widyo
Published: January 2021

Benteng Keraton Buton merupakan benteng terluas dan terpanjang di dunia yang terletak di Kelurahan Melai, Kecamatan Betoambari, Kota Bau-Bau, Sulawesi Tenggara. Di tengah benteng terdapat sebuah Masjid Kuno Buton dan tiang bendera yang usianya seumur dengan masjid. Masjid tersebut dibangun pada masa pemerintahan Sultan Buton III La Sangaji Sultan Kaimuddin, yang berkuasa pada tahun 1591-1597. Saat ini kondisi tiang bendera mengalami kerusakan dan pelapukan. Oleh karena itu, Balai Konservasi Borobudur bekerjasama dengan Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Makasar berinisiatif melaksanakan kegiatan kajian konservasi benteng Bau-Bau yang lebih difokuskan pada tiang bendera. Adapun tujuan kajian ini mengidentifikasi kerusakan dan pelapukan serta merumuskan penanganan konservasi tiang bendera. 

Metode penelitian dalam kajian ini adalah survei dan eksperimen. Metode survei dan eksperimen tersebut dilaksanakan melalui studi referensi, observasi lapangan dan analisis laboratorium dan eksperimen dilanjutkan pengolahan dan analisis data serta merumuskan rencana penanganan konservasi.

Berdasarkan hasil survei dan analisis laboratorium diketahui seluruh material kayu telah mengalami pelapukan tingkat lanjut sehingga sebaiknya segera dilakukan tindakan konservasi terhadap material kayu tiang bendera. Jenis Kayu komponen tiang bendera Kesultanan Buton adalah kayu jati (Tectona grandis L.F). Struktur tiang bendera telah mengalami penurunan kekuatan sehingga perlu dilakukan tindakan rekonstruksi tiang bendera dan perkuatan struktur. Teknik dan metode perkuatan struktur ditentukan berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan kesepakatan para stakeholder.

Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka perlu penelitian lanjutan untuk menentukan metode konsolidasi kayu, menentukan metode aplikasi terbaik, menentukan bahan injeksi pada retakan mikro, mengetahui volume rongga kayu dengan alat videoscope, menentukan teknik dan metode pengisian rongga kayu, modelling untuk menentukan besaran beban angin dan gempa yang dibutuhkan untuk meruntuhkan struktur tiang bendera dan menentukan metode perkuatan struktur yang paling tepat.
Exodontias múltiplas associadas à alveoloplastia com finalidade de reabilitação protética: relato de caso clínico
Authors: França Isabela Soniely Maria da Silva , Silva Maria Emanuella Letícia da , Espíndola-Castro Luís Felipe , Oliveira Nathalia Gomes de , Nogueira Emerson Filipe de Carvalho , Almeida Renata de Albuquerque Cavalcanti
Published: January 2021

Introdução: Existem diversas razões associadas à perda dentária que podem desencadear na necessidade de realização de exodontias múltiplas, apresentando comprovada eficácia na eliminação de focos infecciosos e na manutenção da saúde bucal e geral do indivíduo. Ao perder os dentes, o paciente modifica seu padrão de fala, estética, mastigação e deglutição, resultando em restrições funcionais, sociais e psicológicas. Alveoloplastia é um procedimento cirúrgico que possibilita a correção plástica do processo alveolar, objetivando uniformizar o tecido ósseo remanescente, permitindo melhor adaptação protética necessária após as exodontias. Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de exodontias múltiplas associadas à alveoloplastia com finalidade protética e mostrar a importância de um planejamento adequado. Relato de caso: Paciente procurou a clínica odontológica de uma instituição de ensino privada, queixando-se de dor nos dentes ao se alimentar e falta de estética ao sorrir. Ao exame clínico, observou-se presença de restos radiculares e dentes com mobilidades. O tratamento proposto foi realização de múltiplas exodontias associadas à cirurgia para regularização do rebordo alveolar e posteriormente encaminhamento para reabilitação protética. As próteses dentárias total mucossuportada superior e parcial dentomucossuportada inferior foram indicadas para o caso relatado mediante a necessidade do paciente, sua condição financeira e a possibilidade de tratamento a ser realizado na instituição onde foi realizado o tratamento. Conclusão: A reabilitação com próteses dentárias possui vantagens, tanto no âmbito funcional, normalizando a fonética, e principalmente, desenvolvendo a função mastigatória, como no âmbito social, reestabelecendo a estética, devolvendo o sorriso e a auto-estima do indivíduo.
The Covid-19 Crisis and its Effects on the Decarbonisation Process. The Regulatory Challenges Facing Chile
Authors: Pacheco Jerónimo Carcelén , Calderón Franchi María José
Published: January 2021

The global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus has impacted the entire planet, both from a human and economic perspective. One of the consequences that we could face is the possibility of accelerating the processes of decarbonisation of the Chilean energy matrix. However, a process of these characteristics demands to be carried out responsibly without disturbance the development of the country. For this to happen, it is possible that modifications to the regulatory frameworks on renewable energies will be required, so that these allow not only the decarbonisation of the energy matrix but also provide incentives for the development of new renewable base energy that ensures supply.