bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crisis upon Crisis: Ruderal Landscapes, Traces and the History of Medicine
Authors: Lachenal Guillaume
Published: December 2024

What happens to the history of medicine and health when the world surrounding us experiences crisis upon crisis? What kind of stories, methods and archives should we turn to? This article attempts to intensify the conversation between the history of medicine, the environmental humanities and the biosciences. I explore what we can gain, as historians of medicine, by engaging with landscapes – understood ecologically, historically and aesthetically. Such perspectives enable us to bring our histories of medicine and health “down to earth,” in the words of Bruno Latour. Noticing, unearthing and following the traces that form the landscape can also help us imagine unimagined histories, that are open-ended, and shaped in unexpected ways by non-human agencies and interpretations. Drawing from my research in East Cameroon, I examine how the genetic sequences of pathogens (hiv and the hepatitis C virus), as well as botanical, archeological and architectural traces, can help us locate histories of medicine within a broader consideration of ruderality – the shared condition of living among the rubble. Using molecular phylogeny and ethnography as arts of tracing, I explore how we can write a history of hiv-Aids and of other mid–twentieth century disease emergences and bioinvasions by starting with the ruderal landscapes of Central Africa, shaped by crisis upon crisis and by medicine itself.
Mbinu za Utendaji-Lugha katika Kilongo cha Kisiasa Mtandaoni: Uchambuzi wa Maoni ya Wasikilizaji wa Hotuba za Mwalimu J.K. Nyerere
Authors: Kidami Rhoda Peterson
Published: December 2024

Ikisiri

Mitandaopepe imewezesha mijadala ya kisiasa mitandaoni, hatimaye kuundwa kwa kilongo cha kisiasa. Hotuba za kisiasa, hususani za watu maarufu, zimekuwa chachu ya kuibua mijadala hiyo. Tafiti kuhusu utendaji-lugha kwenye kilongo hicho zimefanywa kwa mwelekeo wa juu-chini, yaani viongozi wanavyowasiliana na wananchi. Hata hivyo, kilongo cha kisiasa hufumbata washiriki wote katika siasa. Lengo la makala hii ni kuchunguza utendaji-lugha katika kilongo cha kisiasa mtandaoni kwa mtazamo wa chini-juu, yaani namna umma unavyochanuza hisia katika uga wa siasa. Kwa kuwa hotuba za Mwalimu J.K. Nyerere zimekuwa kichokoo cha watu kutoa maoni kwenye mtandao wa YouTube, maoni hayo ndizo data zilizotumiwa katika utafiti huu na zimechanganuliwa kwa kutumia Nadharia ya Uchanganuzi Kilongo wa Kisiasa (Van Dijk 1977). Mbinu mbalimbali, mathalani sitiari na semi, zimedokeza hisia tatu tofauti miongoni mwa watoamaoni kuhusu uongozi wa Nyerere nchini Tanzania. Mosi, uongozi huo ulionekana kuwa bora. Pili, ulifasiriwa kuwa wa kidhalimu. Tatu, ulishabihiana na wa J.P. Magufuli.
Who Should Initiate shikamoo between Us?
Authors: Kimambo Gerald
Published: December 2024

It is widely assumed that shikamoo is the greeting that a young person is supposed to give an elder in multilingual Tanzania. But Makhuwa speakers in the Masasi District of Mtwara Region of Southern Tanzania observe an entirely different protocol in the use of this widely recognised salutation. Any person who is considered socially less powerful extends the greeting to a more powerful person, quite independently of age. Members of a Makhuwa community consider social status as determined by many factors other than age: female initiation, marriage, leadership role and other factors that emerge as specific within each interactional context are key in determining who should initiate a greeting and what greeting should be used. For example, a non-initiated woman, a wife, or a non-leader should extend shikamoo to an initiate, or to her husband, or to the mwenye ‘male chief’ or the apwia-mwene ‘female chief’. Moreover, shikamoo uttered as a greeting involves a variety of elements, which include kneeling for women, standing still for men. Someone who fails to observe these elements is considered discourteous and a rather serious social offence. However, male youths have become nonchalant in upholding these social amenities, marking a shift towards Kiswahili as the more modern and cosmopolitan public pose.
Ludovik Paskvalić in the Light of Literary History in the 19th and Early 20th Century
Authors: Ferri Ane
Published: December 2024

Ludovik Paskvalić in the Light of Literary History in the 19th and Early 20th Century
The paper raises the question of the influence and reception of the work of Ludovic Paskvalić (1500–1551), a Renaissance poet who lived in the Bay of Kotor region. The aim is to provide a chronological account of the ways in which his work was disseminated, as well as to point out inaccuracies appearing in the literature on him. Particular attention is given to the poet’s significance for Croatian culture, especially in light of the fact that he wrote poems in Italian and Latin.
 
Ludovik Paskvalić w świetle historii literatury od XIX do początków XX wieku
W artykule została podjęta kwestia oddziaływania i recepcji dzieła Ludovika Paskvalicia (1500–1551), renesansowego poety żyjącego w regionie Zatoki Kotorskiej. Celem jest chronolo­giczne przedstawienie procesu rozpowszechniania jego twórczości, jak również wskazanie na pojawiające się na jego temat nieścisłości w literaturze przedmiotu. Szczególna uwaga poświę­cona została znaczeniu poety dla kultury chorwackiej, zwłaszcza w świetle faktu pisania przez niego wierszy w językach włoskim i łacińskim.
History and Histories: Shared and Unshared Sites of Memory
Authors: Kulavkova Katica , Kečan Ana , Ilievska-Marjanović Jasmina
Published: December 2024

History and Histories: Shared and Unshared Sites of Memory
The paper is devoted to the issues of modern history/historiography as a transdisciplinary system of mythical, historical, and metahistorical knowledge and consciousness. The question is how can a balance be established among the ethnocentric, supremacist, megalomaniac, and, often, arbitrary narratives; how can the over-interpretation of history within regional frames be avoided? This paper focuses on three interpretative strategies: narcissistic (national, exclusive), consensual (idealistic), and transnational (pluralist, inclusive). The co-existence of shared and unshared sites of Balkan memory can be a pretext not only for diverse ethnocentric narratives but also for a post-national or transnational narrative based on an empathetic historical consciousness. ‘Macedonia’ was in the past and still is an extraordinary example of an over-interpreted site of shared and unshared Balkan history. The more ‘Macedonia’ becomes a factor in integrating Balkan memories and histories, the more it becomes a subject of incoherent interpretations.
 
Historia i historie: Wspólne i niewspólne miejsca pamięci
Artykuł poświęcony jest kwestii nowoczesnej historii/historiografii jako transdyscyplinarnemu systemowi wiedzy i świadomości mitycznej, historycznej i metahistorycznej. Pytanie dotyczy tego, w jaki sposób można ustanowić równowagę między etnocentrycznymi, supremacjonistycznymi, megalomańskimi i często arbitralnymi narracjami; jak można uniknąć nadinterpretacji historii w ramach regionów? Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na trzech strategiach interpretacyjnych: narcystycznej (narodowej, wyłącznej), konsensualnej (idealistycznej) i ponadnarodowej (pluralistycznej, inkluzywnej). Współistnienie wspólnych i niewspólnych miejsc bałkańskiej pamięci może być pretekstem nie tylko dla różnych narracji etnocentrycznych, ale także dla narracji postnarodowej lub ponadnarodowej opartej na empatycznej świadomości historycznej. „Macedonia” była w przeszłości i nadal jest niezwykłym przykładem nadinterpretowanego miejsca wspólnej i niewspólnej bałkańskiej historii. Im bardziej „Macedonia” staje się czynnikiem integrującym bałkańskie wspomnienia i historie, tym bardziej staje się przedmiotem niespójnych interpretacji.
Impact of Time in Therapeutic Range on Adverse Events in Atrial Fibrillation Patients in an Ambulatory Care Setting
Authors: Smith Shannon , Hogan Angela R. , Richow Wendy
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study examines the correlation between time-in-therapeutic range (TTR) and anticoagulation-related adverse events (AEs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (Afib) in a pharmacist-managed ambulatory care clinic. Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted at a community hospital-based outpatient anticoagulation clinic to investigate the predictive value of suboptimal TTR percentages for hemorrhagic or thromboembolic events in Afib patients. Eligible participants were aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with Afib, and receiving warfarin therapy as current or past enrollees in the anticoagulation management program. Patients seen at the clinic between April 2017 and June 2023 were included and categorized into 2 groups based on their TTR: TTR < 65% or TTR ≥ 65%. The primary outcome assessed was the TTR achieved by clinic patients. Secondary outcomes included the duration of warfarin therapy, percentage of thromboembolic events, percentage of hemorrhagic events, CHADs-VASc score, HAS-BLED score, and reasons documented for suboptimal TTR. Results: A total of 193 patients were included, with an average TTR of 66.17%. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Five patients in the TTR < 65% group and 3 in the TTR ≥ 65% group ( P = .391) experienced thromboembolic events; 19 and 15 patients ( P = .291) experienced hemorrhagic events, respectively. Those with TTR ≥ 65% had longer warfarin durations and lower HAS-BLED scores. CHADs-VASc scores were comparable. Main reasons for suboptimal TTR included drug-drug interactions, missed warfarin doses, dietary vitamin K intake changes, held warfarin doses, and incorrect warfarin dosing. Conclusion: This study found that at an outpatient pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic, the average TTR for atrial fibrillation patients with an INR goal range of 2 to 3 was greater than 65%. Additionally, there were no differences in bleeding or stroke events for patients whose TTR < 65% when compared to those patients whose TTR was  ≥ 65%.
Experiences of migrant seasonal agricultural worker mothers in earthquakes: A phenomenological study
Authors: Kontaş Azakli Tuğba , Kabataş Yildiz Mükerrem , Sal Sema
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Seasonal agricultural migration leads to both economic hardship and humanitarian challenges. Individuals involved in this migration face severe poverty and deprivation, with mothers critical participants in agrarian work, being especially vulnerable due to challenging conditions and family responsibilities. This study explores the experiences of migratory seasonal agricultural worker mothers and their children, particularly how the earthquake in Turkey impacted them on February 6, 2023.

Method:

This descriptive phenomenological study was conducted with seasonal agricultural worker mothers who participated in hazelnut harvest in northern Turkey between August and September 2023. Study data were obtained from 22 mothers who agreed to participate. Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA 2022 qualitative data analysis program.

Results:

It has been determined that the earthquake affects both mothers and children, creates confusion in mothers, creates fear, anxiety, and insecurity in children, and causes behavioral problems such as insomnia and loss of appetite. It has also been determined that positive changes occur in mothers’ parenting practices and strengthen family ties. It has been revealed that mothers derive their psychological resilience from their belief systems and social interactions.

Conclusions:

It was concluded that earthquake experiences positively and negatively affected migratory seasonal agricultural worker mothers and caused emotional and behavioral problems in children.
Perspectives of healthcare professionals on cross-sectoral collaboration between mental health centers and municipalities: A qualitative study
Authors: Jørgensen Kim , Juhl Rikke , Hansen Morten , Lerbæk Birgitte , Frederiksen Jesper , Watson Emma , Bjerrum Merete , Karlsson Bengt
Published: December 2024

Aims:

This paper aims to explore the intricacies of cross-sectoral collaboration in mental health care, focusing on the perspectives of health professionals across various disciplines. It seeks to understand how collaboration can enhance service delivery and patient outcomes while identifying existing challenges.

Background:

The evolving healthcare landscape emphasizes the importance of integrating services across sectors, particularly in mental health care, to improve continuity and efficiency of care.

Design:

The study utilizes qualitative methods to investigate health professionals’ experiences with cross-sectoral collaboration in mental health services.

Methods:

Purposive sampling was used to select 21 health professionals for focus group discussions held at a mental health center in Region Zealand, Denmark. Data was collected through these discussions, and content analysis was performed to extract key themes. The data collection took place in 2022.

Results/findings:

Health professionals recognized the potential benefits of cross-sectoral collaboration, such as enhanced service delivery and improved patient outcomes. However, significant barriers were identified, including bureaucratic obstacles, communication gaps, and insufficient organizational support.

Conclusion:

Cross-sectoral collaboration in mental health care offers significant advantages, but challenges must be addressed to fully realize its potential. Efforts should focus on policy reforms, organizational support, and fostering interdisciplinary communication to improve care delivery.
Investigating Eating Symptoms in the LGBTQIA+ Population: Do Discrimination and Adverse Conditions Matter?
Authors: Tempia Valenta Silvia , Porru Fabio , Bornioli Anna , Di Vincenzo Matteo , Fiorillo Andrea , De Ronchi Diana , Rita Atti Anna
Published: December 2024

Background:

Eating disorders (EDs) have traditionally been studied among heterosexual cisgender women, but recent research highlights a higher prevalence in LGBTQIA+ individuals.

Aims:

This study aims (1) to investigate the association between different groups based on gender identity and sexual orientation (GISO) and experiencing eating symptoms, and (2) to explore the extent to which self-perceived discrimination and adverse conditions explain this association.

Methods:

We administered an online survey to assess eating symptoms using the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q 6.0) and measures of self-perceived discrimination and adverse conditions. Multistep logistic regressions were employed to analyze the associations between GISO and eating symptoms, initially unadjusted, then adjusted for sociodemographic variables, and finally adjusted for self-perceived discrimination and/or adverse conditions.

Results:

A total of 560 adults aged 30 ± 10.9 years old were included. After adjusting for socio-demographics all groups were more likely to experience eating symptoms compared to heterosexual men, with odds ratios (ORs) of 5.7 [95% CI: 1.3, 24.3] for cisgender heterosexual women, 6.7 [95% CI: 1.5, 29.8] for cisgender non-heterosexual women, and 9.3 [95% CI: 1.8, 47.5] for non-cisgender individuals. After adjusting for self-perceived discrimination and adverse conditions, the associations for women were attenuated, while the associations for non-cisgender individuals were no longer significant.

Conclusion:

This study (1) confirms that sexual and gender minorities may be at higher risk for EDs, and (2) suggests that discrimination and adverse conditions may contribute to the higher prevalence of eating symptoms in this population. Additional research is needed to investigate these minority stressors as they may represent targets for effective interventions to prevent eating symptoms in the LGBTQIA+ community.
Elite Cooperation and Affective Polarization: Evidence From German Coalitions
Authors: Wagner Markus , Harteveld Eelco
Published: December 2024

Affective polarization is a central characteristic of political competition, but high levels are seen as potentially harmful. In this article, we link the study of affective polarization to that of coalition politics, expecting that by signalling the willingness to cooperate in a coalition, political elites can reduce mutual dislike between political camps. We argue, first, that the impact of coalition formation should depend on the information content (‘surprisingness’) of this signal, and, second, that its effect should spill over to parties outside of the coalition. Combining 20 years of monthly voter-level data from Germany with data on national and regional coalitions, we show that coalitions are most likely to reduce affective distance when participating parties are ideologically distant and when the signals are still recent. Moreover, coalitions have a system-wide impact beyond the specific parties involved. We discuss the implications for the role of political elites in shaping affective polarization.
A Pathologist’s Guide to Non-clinical Safety Assessment of Adoptive Cell Therapy Products
Authors: Piersigilli Alessandra , Carreira Vinicius S. , Gervais Frédéric , Mansfield Keith , McIntosh Brian E. , Cornax Ingrid
Published: December 2024

Through two decades of research and development, adoptive cell therapies (ACTs) have revolutionized treatment for hematologic malignancies. Many of the seven US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved products are proven to be a curative last line of defense against said malignancies. The ACTs, known more commonly as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, utilize engineered lymphocytes to target and destroy cancer cells in a patient-specific, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, acting as “living drugs” that adapt to and surveil the body post-treatment. Despite their efficacy, CAR T-cell therapies present unique challenges in preclinical safety assessment. The safety and pharmacokinetics of CAR T-cells are influenced by numerous factors including donor and recipient characteristics, product design, and manufacturing processes that are not well-predicted by existing in vitro and in vivo preclinical safety models. The CAR therapy-mediated toxicities in clinical settings primarily arise from unintended targeting of non-tumor cells, potential tumorigenicity, and severe immune activation syndromes like cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity. Addressing these issues necessitates a deep understanding of CAR target expression in normal tissues, inclusive of the spatial microanatomical distribution, off-target screening, and a deep understanding CAR cell manufacturing practices and immunopathology.
European Cancer Organisation Essential Requirements for Quality Cancer Care for ovarian cancer: Focus on the multidisciplinary team
Authors: Sessa Cristiana , Travado Luzia , Calaminus Gabriele , Cunha Teresa Margarida , Delgado Bolton Roberto C. , van Driel Willemien , Fernandes Andreia , Hutka Margaret , Lemley Birthe , Luczak Natalia , Medeiros Rui , Oberst Simon , Ottevanger Nelleke , Papadia Andrea , Pereira Philippe , Rodrigues Manuel , Stolnicu Simona , Vandecasteele Katrien , Costa Alberto , Poortmans Philip , Peccatori Fedro
Published: December 2024

European Cancer Organisation Essential Requirements for Quality Cancer Care (ERQCC) are written by experts representing all disciplines involved in cancer care in Europe. They give patients, health professionals, managers and policymakers a guide to essential care. Here, the essential requirements to treat ovarian cancer patients are described. Ovarian cancer patients continue to have low cure rates with wide variation in treatment and care in Europe and beyond. They require complex treatment that should be carried out in specialised ovarian/gynaecological cancer centres by professionals with the appropriate expertise interacting in a multidisciplinary team. Such centralisation is still not well established in many European countries. A patient-centred pathway from diagnosis through treatment to survivorship, managed in dedicated centres, is key to achieving optimal care and a successful clinical outcome.
Piscichuvirus-associated meningoencephalomyelitis in a free-ranging American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
Authors: Badial Peres R. , Laovechprasit Weerapong , Laue Carley , Stacy Brian A. , Stanton James B. , Subramaniam Kuttichantran , Ossiboff Robert J.
Published: December 2024

The American alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis) is a keystone species of the southeastern United States. In December of 2022, a free-ranging American alligator was found stuporous and tetraparetic. On postmortem evaluation, lesions were limited to the central nervous system, consisting of prominent perivascular cuffs of lymphocytes and histiocytes that extended into the surrounding neuroparenchyma along with gliosis. Next-generation sequencing of the affected brain identified the presence of a piscichuvirus closely related to the freshwater turtle neurovirus 1 (FTuNV-1) recently reported in an alligator snapping turtle with similar microscopic lesions. In situ hybridization using zz-probes that recognize FTuNV-1 identified widespread hybridization signal in neurons and glial cells in the alligator’s brain and spinal cord. This case represents only the second association of piscichuviruses with vertebrate disease. Moreover, it highlights the potential for disease transmission between different orders (Crocodylia and Testudines) of free-ranging aquatic reptiles that share similar habitats in the United States.
Hegemonic masculinity: new spaces, practices, and relations
Authors: Hopkins Peter , Giazitzoglu Andreas
Published: December 2024

Hegemonic masculinity is a key theory in research about men and masculinities, including in human geography. We focus on its spatial and temporal specificity, the ways it is practised and performed, and the relationalities that are a key component of it, advocating for the importance of geographical contributions. For each, we review important work and suggest ways forward for scholarship. We also outline ways in which the concept could be advanced through paying attention to spatial issues relating to bodies, embodiment, and intersectionality, in geographic research about work, employment, and migration, and in studies about climate, sustainability, and well-being.
Field-based investigation of low adhesion leaf layers: Assessing layer initiation and environmental influences
Authors: Jaffé Joseph , Lanigan Joseph , Lewis Roger
Published: December 2024

Changing weather conditions are known to impact on adhesion at the railhead. However, the influence on actual leaf layer “seeding” (formation) and low adhesion has not been measured in the field. This paper presents findings from a field survey conducted in autumn 2023 on a narrow gauge railway in Wales, observing leaf layer initiation, development, and environmental influences on adhesion levels. Using friction testing, timelapse imagery, and chemical analysis, the study examines the impact of weather and layer characteristics on friction. Results show that moisture content in the layer has a significant impact on adhesion levels, with a linear relationship observed between moisture and friction. Leaf layer initiation and development were observed, with water playing a crucial role in layer formation. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of iron oxides and biopolymers in the leaf layers. The results give insight into the variation in adhesion levels in leaf layer that have been measured through indirect measures in the past.
‘Welcome to favelas, but in Italy’: Urban precariousness, right-wing ideology and phatic nihilism on social media
Authors: Levy Helton
Published: December 2024

Numerous social media projects have depicted grim scenes of urban life in big cities. By exploiting crime or garbage collection problems, for example, these pages have created pessimistic ways of perceiving the city and engaging citizens in search of memes or viral videos. This research invested in two multiplatform projects based in Italy, Welcome to Favelas and Simone Cicalone, to verify their inclination to specific ideologies or political intent behind interventions on social media. Using visual metadata and LDA-generated topics, this paper anchors a visual and critical discourse analysis interested in mapping creators’ phatic strategies. Exploratory results suggest a few formulaic, though elliptic, ways of manipulating audiences for crypto-ideological purposes mainly leaning to the right, theorised here as phatic nihilism.
A theory of the symbolic role of disarmament during peace processes: The laying down of FARC-EP’s weapons in Colombia
Authors: Palik Júlia , Marsh Nicholas
Published: December 2024

Disarmament of non-state groups during peace processes is rarely comprehensive and weapons usually continue to circulate. Nevertheless, disarmament is a normal component of final peace agreements and its modalities are often intensely negotiated by all parties. We unpack the puzzle of why disarmament is seemingly both crucial and not completed by building a novel theory of its role as a symbol of the transformation from war to peace. In doing so, we build upon findings from conflict studies, social psychology, anthropology, and feminist research in order to explore what weapons and disarmament mean for combatants, their armed group, and communities impacted by conflict. We posit that after joining an armed group combatants are socially fused through ritual behavior which often features weapons, and disarmament functions as a symbolic inversion process in which the weapon is transformed into a symbol of peace. This inversion process is observable through language and acts, such as public destruction of arms or turning weapons into works of art. We empirically illustrate our propositions by examining the case of FARC-EP’s 2016–2017 disarmament in Colombia. Our theoretical framework pushes existing academic boundaries of war-to-peace transitions in general, and research on disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration in particular.
Risk Perception, Management Strategies, Determinants of Adoption and Sustainability in Sri Lanka’s Layer Chicken Farming Industry: Navigating Crisis
Authors: Senadhilankara Prashani , Korale-Gedara Pradeepa , Perera W.N.U.
Published: December 2024

The layer chicken farming industry in Sri Lanka has faced significant challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic and broader economic downturn. In response to risks such as critical input shortages, price escalations, retail regulations and reduced demand, some farmers exit while others persevere with risk management strategies. A study was conducted to evaluate farmers’ risk perception and risk attitude and identify risk management strategies they adopted and the determinants of the adoption. The study found that farmers identified institutional risks as the most significant, followed by marketing risks. However, the adoption of targeted risk management strategies for these concerns remains limited. The multivariate probit analysis showed that risk-averse farmers are more likely to leave the industry, while small-scale farmers tend to reduce household expenditure to survive the crisis. Ensuring the industry’s long-term sustainability requires targeted interventions supporting small and medium-scale farmers (SMEs), who play a crucial role in the industry’s resilience and longevity. One effective strategy is facilitating partnerships between SMEs and larger entrepreneurial farms willing to share risks for a defined period. Additionally, enhancing the resilience capacity of SMEs to navigate risks is crucial for industry resilience and longevity.
Institutional Betrayal in Military and Veteran Populations: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: McAdams Mikayla , Henninger Matthew W. , Bloeser Katharine , McCarron Kelly K.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Institutional betrayal (IB) refers to the wrongdoings, encompassing both action and inaction, committed by institutions against their affiliated individuals. Military members are particularly vulnerable to IB due to strong social identification with the military, values of loyalty and self-sacrifice, dependence on the institution, the military power structure and legal system, and the complexity of morality in an occupation centered around war. AIMS: This review examines the state of IB literature within the military/Veteran population, identifying research gaps and implications for future policy and clinical care. METHODS: Conducting a systematic scoping literature review across seven databases resulted in 16 eligible publications out of 44 found. RESULTS: Findings indicate a high prevalence of IB experiences within the studied population, correlating with increased psychiatric symptoms and clinical features. The existing literature primarily focuses on military sexual trauma, with limited exploration of IB in the context of combat, politics, return from deployment, illness, military exposures, and moral injury. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should expand on IB in other military experiences, evaluate intervention efficacy and policies, and validate a standardized IB measure. These insights highlight the need for provider education, revised assessments, and interventions tailored to address the complex impact of IB on military and Veteran populations.
Notes on rate equations in nonlinear continuum mechanics
Authors: Aubram Daniel
Published: December 2024

This paper gives an introduction to rate equations in nonlinear continuum mechanics which should obey specific transformation rules. Emphasis is placed on the geometrical nature of the operations involved in order to clarify the different concepts. This paper is particularly concerned with common classes of constitutive equations based on corotational stress rates and their proper implementation in time for solving initial boundary value problems (IBVPs). Hypoelastic simple shear is considered as an example application for the derived theory and algorithms.
In Defense of the History of Psychology
Authors: Salas Gonzalo , Ardila Rubén , Jacó-Vilela Ana Maria , Pérez-Acosta Andrés M. , Klappenbach Hugo , Scholten Hernán , León Ramón , Piñeda María Andrea , Ossa Julio Cesar , Ferrari Fernando , Arias-Gallegos Walter , Beria Josiane Sueli , Polanco Fernando Andrés , Mardones Rodolfo E. , Scherman Patricia , Rodríguez Preciado Salvador I. , Ramos-Vera José , Millán Juan David , Cudina Jean Nikola , Barboza-Palomino Miguel , García José E. , Winkler María Inés , Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Gallegos Miguel , López-Calle Claudio , Quezada-Scholz Vanetza , González Roberto
Published: December 2024

The main purpose is to provide a defense of the history of psychology at a global (worldwide); however, it is important to consider that this defense arises from Latin America. Given that this panorama is mostly unknown to a large part of psychologists, this article presents itself as an explicit action to foster this discipline by addressing three main issues. Firstly, present some milestones in the journey of the history of psychology at the global with an emphasis on Latin America. Secondly, present a series of critical reflections on the current relevance of this area within the field of psychology. Finally, establish a position in 10 sentences that acts as a defense of the importance of the history of psychology for the psychological discipline on various levels. While the majority of the content presented here is commonly recognized among individuals professionally immersed in historical research within the realm of psychology, it possesses a diminished level of accessibility for students and psychologists not specializing in historical matters. The aim here is not to convince those who are already convinced, but to have an impact beyond the community of specialists that, synergistically, can affect the vast field of psychology in general.
The Dreaded Task of Creating “Engaging” Online Lectures
Authors: McClaran Nikki
Published: December 2024

Eliciting and maintaining student engagement in online, asynchronous courses is notoriously difficult. Although advanced technology can address this issue, many faculty members do not have the time or resources to learn how to integrate such technology into the classroom. This teaching brief provides a simple yet effective way for advertising instructors to increase student engagement and perceived interactivity by combining online lectures and associated activities into a single quiz. Examples of activities that could be used based on the online engagement framework for higher education are also presented, including exercises meant to encourage social, collaborative, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive engagement. Through such, this brief helps reinforce that student engagement can still be fostered using basic online tools.
Role of Bispecific Antibodies in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (GEP-NENs): Review of Literature
Authors: Mohamed Amr , Elhawi Mai , Trybula Marcus , Elshawy Mohamed , Chakrabarti Sakti , Selfridge Eva , Asa Sylvia L
Published: December 2024

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with an increasing incidence in the last few decades. Despite therapeutic advances in the management of GEP-NENs, resistance to many of these treatments has made their management a great challenge. One of the most recent advances in oncologic therapy is targeting multiple receptors simultaneously and engaging immune cells in the tumor microenvironment through bispecific antibodies (BsAbs). Since the FDA approval of the anti-CD3 × anti CD19 BsAb blinatumomab, for management of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, around a hundred different BsAbs have been developed and tested in various clinical trials. In this article, we review the current development of BsAbs developed or being currently tested for the management of GEP-NENs, their mechanism of action, current results from ongoing trials, toxicities, and upcoming trials.
Coping with Type 2 diabetes: Commonly used strategies associated with mental wellbeing and treatment engagement
Authors: Rivers Alannah Shelby , Adams Juliet , Morrison Rachel , Randall Audrey , Sanders Autumn , Pugh Evelyn , Medrano Mona
Published: December 2024

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common, chronic condition. People with T2D often report poor mental wellbeing and treatment engagement, especially when stressed. Coping mechanisms may help manage stress, but it is crucial to identify which strategies are most common and (mal)adaptive. Using a psychometrically-informed approach and a series of pilot studies ( n = 570) to develop and test the structural validity of a final item pool of coping strategies, a final study recruited 503 people with T2D through Prolific. Participants reported on coping, mental wellbeing (stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms), and treatment engagement (adherence, self-efficacy, A1C). All seven coping strategies (humor, self-blame, avoidance, support-seeking, positive mindset, religion/spirituality, and accessing resources) were psychometrically distinct and were associated with at least one indicator of treatment engagement, but fewer with wellbeing. After controlling for other variables, self-blame, avoidance, and positive mindset were the most robust predictors of both wellbeing and treatment engagement.
‘Is There Anything Else You’d Like to Tell Us About Your Experience?’ Orientations Towards Listening to Open-Ended Survey Responses
Authors: Newton Giselle , Kirby Emma , Hofstätter Lukas , Judd-Lam Sarah , Smith Louisa , Churchill Brendan , Strnadová Iva , Newman Christy E
Published: December 2024

While survey research design tends to prioritise closed questions with predetermined responses, many surveys conclude with an open-ended ‘anything else you would like to tell us?’ question. This question, designed to elicit feedback or create opportunities for respondents to share additional information, offers significant potential for insight into respondents’ experiences. Yet, the extent to which these open-ended data are listened to remains opaque. In this article, we outline and reflect on our approach to a reflexive thematic analysis of responses to an open-ended survey question, to foreground listening. Drawing on responses ( n = 1746) from a national survey of informal carers in Australia, we explore how the final ‘anything else?’ style question of a survey offers scope for fostering ongoing engagement (via survey feedback and context), recognising less visible experiences (through detailed personal accounts), and attending to respondents’ needs (via calls for attention and action). We discuss our approach to sociological listening, and the practicalities therein, including experiences of discomfort, and the challenges of responding to responses. In doing so, we argue that engagement with the data derived from open-ended survey responses is not only fruitful for generating feedback and contextualisation within self-administered survey design, but that such data also hold considerable opportunities for meaningful listening, particularly in contexts where respondents lack recognition and visibility.
A Community Unimagined: The Influence of Individualistic Culture among Chinese Entrepreneurs in Ikebukuro, Tokyo
Authors: Lyu Zhaojin , Zhu Anxin
Published: December 2024

An ethnic enclave is characterized by ethnic solidarity, spatially-clustering ethnic economy, and ethnic place-making which mutually reinforce each other. However, in Ikebukuro, Tokyo, where a Chinatown seems to be emerging, many Chinese entrepreneurs show indifference toward place-making and community-building. This study demonstrates how an individualistic culture influences entrepreneurs’ perception of business practices and social networks, resulting in a departure from the communal understanding of the spatial concentration of Chinese businesses, ethnic organizations, and collective actions.
Towards a Processual Social Movement Theory: Diachrony, Dialectics, and Danda
Authors: Bunting Josh
Published: December 2024

Interest in temporality and the effects of social movements over periods of time has increased over the past few years. This has created the need for diachronic approaches to the study of movements and accounts for how movements create social change and have an impact on the course of history. There have been some struggles to account for history in existing approaches to social movements, with eventful or ruptural accounts of social change remaining prominent in some recent works. This article proposes a conversational philosophy between African philosophies such as ubuntu and ibuanyidanda and Marxist humanism as an approach that can allow us to explore dynamic ontologies. Marxist approaches to social movement studies have so far yielded the most dynamic approaches to social change. I contend that ubuntu and ibuanyidanda offer ontological perspectives that allow us to understand humans and the societies they create as dynamic, changing, and interrelated, in a way that can complement, and enhance, the historical materialist model of a society created by collective human agency, albeit not in circumstances that they choose.
Voices Through Art: Co-Creating the School Daze Comic for and with Autistic Young People to Support Educational Transitions
Authors: Kovshoff Hanna , Raufi Charlie , Davies Samantha , Keefe Fate , Parsons Sarah
Published: December 2024

Educational transitions between schools can be very challenging for autistic children and young people. Research tends to focus on the views of families and teachers which means that children’s voices are often marginalised despite them having valuable knowledge that could improve transition practices and experiences. ‘Voices through Art’ was an innovative project involving researchers, educators, a graphic artist, and neurodivergent lived experiences. Together we co-created a transition support resource – the School Daze comic – to enable insights and conversations about transitions. This project contributes to the amplification of autistic voices as agentic knowers of the sources of difficulty and supports in their educational transitions. This was achieved through several methods including small-scale research projects and project-specific workshops where students worked on character development, storylines, and other imagery for the comic. The output is the School Daze comic which tells the story of the lead character – Lee Mouse – as they start at a new secondary school. The stories include the first day at school and the anxieties associated with that, finding safe spaces and supportive teachers, making friends through shared interests, and settling into school life. School Daze was positively reviewed by students and education and related professionals, suggesting that this could be a valuable transition resource. We share it here to encourage wider dissemination and use in research and practice.
Context-dependent effects of morphosyntax processing in Turkish–Persian bilinguals: Electrophysiological and neuroanatomic correlates
Authors: Meykadeh Simin , Motie Nasrabadi Ali , Batouli Seyed Amir Hossein , Sommer Werner
Published: December 2024

Aims and objectives:

Morphosyntax processing is related to the P600 event-related potentials (ERPs) component and blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) activation of the Pars opercularis (PO). First, this paper aims to investigate the relation of these variables across individuals. Second, we consider the role of context in morphosyntactic processing.

Design/methodology:

Highly proficient Turkish–Persian bilinguals ( N = 33) made morphosyntactic judgments on sentences. In a monolingual context, only L2 sentences (Persian) were presented, and the electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. In a bilingual context, Persian and Turkish sentences alternated, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was measured.

Data and analysis:

The EEG and fMRI data were taken from separately published experiments on the same participants. Here, we correlated amplitudes of EEG-derived ERP components and the number of activated voxels in fMRI in designated brain regions because both parameters are proportionally attuned to the number of activated neurons.

Findings/conclusions:

Morphosyntactic violations in a Persian monolingual context yielded a P600 component in the ERP. In L1, morphosyntactic violations increased BOLD activation in the left PO and in L2 they activated the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG). The P600 amplitude correlated only with BOLD activity in the left PO for L1. These results first support a critical role of the PO in generating the P600; second, the findings are context-specific and are most pronounced for the presumed base languages in different contexts (i.e., L2 in monolingual and L1 in bilingual contexts). These results are consistent with predictions of the adaptive control theory.

Originality:

This study contributes to the rarely investigated interface between ERPs and fMRI in bilingual speakers during morphosyntactic processing. The results offer novel insights into language context effects.

Significance/implications:

Our findings highlight the importance of cross-modality neuroimaging in bilinguals and language processing in both monolingual and bilingual contexts.
The Consideration of Appropriate Surrogate Endpoint in Premarket Clinical Trials of Drug-Coated Balloon Catheter for the Treatment of Femoropopliteal Artery Stenosis
Authors: Hao Jun , Wang Duoer , Zhao Yanyan , Zhu Yingxuan , Tinley Tenzin , Liu Weida , Li Wei , Wang Chuangshi , Wang Yang
Published: December 2024

Purpose:

Most clinical trials of drug-coated balloon (DCB) for the treatment of femoropopliteal artery stenosis chose 12-month primary patency rate (PPR) or 6-month late lumen loss (LLL) as the primary endpoint. It is still debatable whether 6-month LLL can be served as an appropriate surrogate endpoint for 12-month PPR. This study aimed to identify whether LLL can serve as an appropriate surrogate endpoint in peripheral DCB clinical trials, and shed light on the selection of primary outcome for subsequent confirmatory clinical trials of DCB in the treatment of femoropopliteal artery stenosis.

Materials and Methods:

The linear regression model was used to evaluate the correlation between 12-month PPR and 6-month LLL. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and relative gain between the DCB and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) group were computed to assess the consistency and surrogacy, using fixed or random effect model as appropriate. The coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated for both endpoints to compare their degree of variation overall and at study level.

Results:

A total of 34 studies are eligible for this study. A significant negative linear correlation was found between 12-month PPR and 6-month LLL (R2=0.67, slope=–0.309, p=0.007). The SMD (DCB-POBA) of LLL and PPR was –0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.98, –0.54), and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.72) (p=0.18). The pooled relative gain of PPR (43%, 95% CI: 35%, 50%) was significantly lower than that of LLL (72%, 95% CI: 61%, 84%) (p<0.001). Coefficient of variation of LLL was larger than that of PPR overall in DCB and POBA groups.

Conclusion:

Although a significant moderate correlation was observed between 12-month PPR and 6-month LLL, PPR shows more conservative and robust than LLL, which may exaggerate clinical benefits. Late lumen loss should be used discreetly depending on different situations and clinical benefits for patients.

Clinical Impact

This study addresses the critical issue of primary endpoint selection in clinical trials of drug-coated balloon for femoropopliteal artery stenosis. By elucidating the moderate correlation between 6-month late lumen loss (LLL) and 12-month primary patency rate (PPR), the findings underscore the limitations of LLL as a surrogate endpoint due to its variability and potential to overstate clinical benefits. The study advocates for the use of 12-month PPR as a more robust and conservative endpoint in pivotal trials, particularly for novel devices. These findings provide clinicians with a nuanced understanding of outcome measures, promoting evidence-based decision-making and regulatory alignment to ensure patient benefits in vascular interventions.