bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of a true diverticulum of the bladder in a patient with aplasia of the left kidney. Case report
Authors: Protoshak Vladimir V. , Iglovikov Nikolai Y. , Kushnirenko Nikolay P. , Haritonov Nikolay N. , Karandashov Vasily K. , Gozalishvili Sergei M. , Mukhtarov Radjab M.
Published: October 2024

A bladder diverticulum (BD) is a blindly terminating sac-like protrusion of the bladder wall with or without involvement of the muscular layer. BDs are categorized into true (congenital) and false (acquired), single and multiple. False diverticula are more common and develop in infravesical obstruction due to urethral stricture, prostate neoplasms, neurogenic disorders and other lower urinary tract diseases. Currently, there are no clear recommendations regarding the tactics of treatment of BD, so the choice of treatment method is based on the determination of the cause of BD, assessment of clinical manifestations and diagnostic results (localization, size, number, etc.), as well as the identification of concomitant anomalies and diseases of the upper urinary tract. The priority in the treatment of BD is surgical treatment. The article presents the observation of a patient with a developmental anomaly in the form of aplasia of the left kidney combined with a large congenital BD in the area of the missing mouth of the aplasic left ureter. The results of examination and treatment in the form of laparoscopic diverticulectomy are presented. A brief review of the literature on the problem of diverticulosis has been carried out.
An integrated approach to the preservation of reproductive material in patients with oncological pathology
Authors: Lapina Irina A. , Dobrokhotova Yulia E. , Malakhova Anastasiya A. , Sorokin Yury A. , Chirvon Tatiana G. , Gomzikova Valeriia M. , Taranov Vladislav V. , Olkhovskaya Mariya A.
Published: October 2024

Background. Every year, the number of patients who face cancer without having time to realize their reproductive function increases. In view of this, there is a growing need to develop and improve various ways to preserve fertility in this category of patients. The most common techniques are in vitro maturation of oocytes and controlled ovarian stimulation followed by vitrification of oocytes and embryos. At the same time, transvaginal puncture (TVP) has a risk of developing complications such as bleeding or an infectious process. Disorders of the vaginal microflora also increase the likelihood of inflammatory diseases. In this regard, the correction of vaginal dysbiosis is an integral part of the protocols of assisted reproductive technologies before the TVP.
Aim. Development of an integrated approach to the preservation of reproductive material in patients with oncological pathology.
Materials and methods. A prospective randomized study of 39 women with an identified oncological process and bacterial vaginosis was conducted. The patients were divided into 2 groups: oral probiotic was added to clindamycin therapy in group 1, and vaginal probiotic in group 2. The ovarian reserve was examined for everyone, the qualitative composition of the vaginal microflora was determined, pH-metry was performed and related specialists were consulted if necessary.
Results. The patients are comparable in age and ovarian reserve. When using an oral probiotic, an improvement in the qualitative composition of the microflora was noted due to a decrease in opportunistic flora (Gardnerella vaginalis) and an increase in the number of lactobacilli. The vaginal probiotic showed comparable results, but the recurrence rate was 28%, while in group 1 it was 18%. It was noted that when taking Enterolactis Duo, the symptoms associated with chemotherapy treatment decrease. During the study, 396 oocytes were obtained, of which 212 are suitable for vitrification and fertilization.
Conclusion. Currently, the development of oncofertility methods and their improvement remain one of the urgent problems. Taking an oral probiotic helps to normalize the vaginal microflora, neutralize the risks of infectious complications in TVP, reduce the likelihood of recurrence of dysbiosis and the development of adverse events associated with chemotherapy. The use of ovulation stimulation demonstrates higher rates compared to in vitro maturation. However, a combination of these procedures can be used to increase the amount of material obtained, which is subsequently used in assisted reproductive technology protocols.
Treatment of urinary disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis: A review
Authors: Kuzmin Igor V. , Kuzmina Svetlana V.
Published: October 2024

Voiding disorders are one of the most common clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis, significantly worsening the quality of life of patients. The review article provides information about the nature and symptoms of lower urinary tract dysfunctions, the reasons for their development and possible complications. The general principles of treatment of urinary disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis are presented, as well as features of the treatment of detrusor overactivity, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia and detrusor hypoactivity. The possibilities of non-drug and drug therapy, botulinum therapy, and neuromodulation are described in detail. The role of intermittent catheterization in the treatment of patients with impaired evacuation function of the bladder is shown. Practical issues of choosing a treatment method depending on the clinical situation are considered.
Sexual function in women with unexplained infertility
Authors: Kudryavtseva Elena V. , Berezina Dinara A. , Shai Semyon E. , Jakovleva Julia V. , Kovalev Vladislav V.
Published: October 2024

Background. The problem of infertility, including unexplained infertility (UEI), does not lose its relevance. It is known that infertile women are prone to emotional disorders. Such psychological changes can contribute to the development of sexual dysfunction.
Aim. To study the characteristics of sexual function in women with unexplained infertility.
Materials and methods. A comparative study of sexual function was conducted in 60 women with UEI aged 20–40 years (group 1). Group 2 consisted of 75 fertile women with at least one living healthy child and no history of infertility. Group 3 included 75 healthy nulliparous women who do not plan pregnancy and do not have a diagnosis of “Infertility”. The questionnaire “Index of Female Sexual Function” (FSFI) was used to assess sexual function. The following parameters were assessed: “desire”, “arousal”, “lubrication”, “orgasm”, “satisfaction”, “pain”, and the final score.
Results. The lowest values were in group 2. In this group, statistically significant differences were obtained with groups 1 and 3 in the parameters “Attraction”, “Arousal”, “Lubrication”, “Satisfaction”, “Orgasm”. In group 1, the final score was significantly higher than in groups 2 and 3 – 30.2 (26.3–31.7), 26.6 (23.7–28.8) and 28.3 (27.5–29.9); p0.001, respectively. The highest proportion of women with sexual dysfunction (FSFI26.55) was in group 2 – 37 (49.33%). In groups 1 and 3, the number of women with sexual dysfunction was 13 (21.66%) and 9 (12%), respectively (the differences between groups 1 and 3 were not significant).
Conclusion. The quality of sexual function was not associated with reproductive disorders. The lowest rates were in group 2. This is probably due to psychological aspects and anatomical changes in the pelvic floor after childbirth. Many women, regardless of the presence of children, need therapeutic and preventive sexological care. In the case of sexual dysfunctions that impair a woman's quality of life, qualified sexological and psychological assistance should be provided regardless of her fertility.
Females have Lower Knee Strength and Vertical Ground Reaction Forces During Landing than Males Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction at the Time of Return to Sport
Authors: Sullivan Zachary B. , Sugarman Barrie S. , Faherty Mallory S. , Killelea Carrie , Taylor Dean C. , Le Daniel , Toth Alison P. , Riboh Jonathan C. , Diehl Lee H. , Wittstein Jocelyn R. , Amendola Annunziato , Sell Timothy C.
Published: October 2024

Purpose

There is a high rate of second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury (ipsilateral graft or contralateral ACL) upon return-to-sport (RTS) following ACL reconstruction (ACLR). While a significant amount of epidemiological data exists demonstrating sex differences as risk factors for primary ACL injury, less is known about sex differences as potential risk factors for second ACL injury. The purpose of this study is to determine if there are sex-specific differences in potential risk factors for second ACL injury at the time of clearance for RTS.

Methods

Ten male and eight female athletes (age: 20.8 years ±6.3, height: 173.2 cm ±10.1, mass: 76.6 kg ±18.3) participated in the study following ACLR at time of RTS (mean 10.2 months). Performance in lower extremity isokinetic and isometric strength testing, static and dynamic postural stability testing, and a single leg stop-jump task was compared between the sexes.

Results

Normalized for body weight, males had significantly greater isokinetic knee flexion (141±14.1 Nm/kg vs. 78±27.4 Nm/kg, p=0.001) and extension strength (216±45.5 Nm/kg vs. 159±53.9 Nm/kg, p=0.013) as well as isometric flexion (21.1±6.87% body weight vs. 12.5±5.57% body weight, p=0.013) and extension (41.1±7.34% body weight vs. 27.3±11.0% body weight, p=0.016) strength compared to females. In the single-leg stop jump task, males had a greater maximum vertical ground reaction force during landing (332±85.5% vs. 259±27.4% body weight, p=0.027) compared to females.

Conclusions

Based on these results, there are significant differences between sexes following ACLR at the time of RTS. Lower knee flexion and extension strength may be a potential risk factor for second ACL injury among females. Alternatively, the increased maximum vertical force observed in males may be a potential risk factor of second ACL injury in males. Although these results should be interpreted with some caution, they support that rehabilitation programs in the post-ACLR population should be individualized based on the sex of the individual.

Level of Evidence

Level 3
Movement Competency Screens Can Be Reliable In Clinical Practice By A Single Rater Using The Composite Score
Authors: Mann Kerry J. , O'Dwyer Nicholas , Bruton Michaela R. , Bird Stephen P. , Edwards Suzi
Published: October 2024

Background

Movement competency screens (MCSs) are commonly used by coaches and clinicians to assess injury risk. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding MCS reliability.

Purpose

This study aimed to: (i) determine the inter- and intra-rater reliability of a sport specific field-based MCS in novice and expert raters using different viewing methods (single and multiple views); and (ii) ascertain whether there were familiarization effects from repeated exposure for either raters or participants.

Study Design

Descriptive laboratory study

Methods

Pre-elite youth athletes (n=51) were recruited and videotaped while performing a MCS comprising nine dynamic movements in three separate trials. Performances were rated three times with a minimal four-week wash out between testing sessions, each in randomized order by 12 raters (3 expert, 9 novice), using a three-point scale. Kappa score, percentage agreement and intra-class correlation were calculated for each movement individually and for the composite score.

Results

Fifty-one pre-elite youth athletes (15.0±1.6 years; n=33 athletics, n=10 BMX and n=8 surfing) were included in the study. Based on kappa score and percentage agreement, both inter- and intra-rater reliability were highly variable for individual movements but consistently high (>0.70) for the MCS composite score. The composite score did not increase with task familiarization by the athletes. Experts detected more movement errors than novices and both rating groups improved their detection of errors with repeated viewings of the same movement.

Conclusions

Irrespective of experience, raters demonstrated high variability in rating single movements, yet preliminary evidence suggests the MCS composite score could reliably assess movement competency. While athletes did not display a familiarization effect after performing the novel tasks within the MCS for the first time, raters showed improved error detection on repeated viewing of the same movement.

Level of Evidence

Cohort study
Influence of Altered Knee Angle on Electromyographic Activity of Hamstring Muscles Between Nordic Hamstring Exercise and Nordic Hamstring Exercise with Incline Slope Lower Leg Board
Authors: Keerasomboon Taspol , Soga Toshiaki , Hirose Norikazu
Published: October 2024

Background

Previous studies have shown that performing the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) with different board slope angles can affect hamstring activation. However, changes in muscle length with different board slopes can alter joint angles leading to the moment arm (MA) at the knee changing during the NHE.

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the influence of changing muscle length on hamstring electromyographic activity during an isometric NHE, while maintaining an equal moment arm.

Study Design

A crossover study design

Methods

Sixteen male volunteers performed two types of conventional NHE, one with knees on the floor (NHE) and one with the legs placed upon an incline slope of a lower leg board (NHEB). To compare between the conventional and inclined NHE, the moment arm at the knee was calculated to be equal by an examiner holding the lower legs at points marked at 77% and 94% of the length of the lower leg. The four sub-groups comprised of: 1) NHE-77%, 2) NHE-94%, 3) NHEB-77%, and 4) NHEB-94%. The hamstring EMG activity was measured at the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) and at the semitendinosus (ST) and related compensatory muscles. The RMS data were normalized as a percentage of the maximum isometric values (normalized EMG [nEMG]). Significant main effects findings were followed up with Tukey’s post-hoc test using SPSS software and statistical significance was set at the p < 0.05 level.

Results

The BFlh EMG activity values for NHE-77% were significantly higher than those for NHE-94% (p= 0.036) and NHEB-77% (p < 0.001), respectively, while ST during NHE-77% was significantly higher only in NHEB-77% (p < 0.001). In addition, NHEB-94% was significantly greater than NHEB-77% for both BFlh (p < 0.001) and ST (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

These results indicate that hamstring electromyographic activity is decreased when the hamstring muscle is lengthened during the Nordic hamstring exercise.

Level of Evidence

3
Analisis Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga di Permukiman Sekitar Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Desa Ibul Besar II
Authors: Zhafirah Yunida , Ardillah Yustini , Oktivaningrum Rafika , Pratiwi Laura Dwi
Published: October 2024

Â The problem of household waste in Ogan Ilir Regency is increasingly complex due to the characteristics of the area which is a wetland. Poor management of household waste around the watershed can cause various problems, both environmental and public health problems. The purpose of this study is to analyze household management in settlements around the watershed of Ibul Besar II Village. This study is a qualitative study. The informants in this study consisted of 7 key informants and 5 ordinary informants who were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interview, observation and documentation (photovoice). The study results show that efforts to eliminate household waste are still very minimal. Four out of six housewives reuse used buckets. However, only two out of six housewives doing recycle. Household waste is not sorted into five types. The collection and transportation of household waste doesnâ€™t meet the requirements due to the unavailability of TPS or TPS 3R, waste cart and limited waste transportation. The household waste is burned and also the waste is not processed. It can be concluded that household waste management in settelements around the watershed of Ibul Besar II Village has not met the requirements in accordance with Republic of Indonesia Law Number 18 of 2008 and Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 81 of 2012.Â Â
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of bio-based composite
utilizing citrus waste: a comparative study
Authors: Fadzil N.F. , Othman S.A.
Published: October 2024

Citrus fruits as typical agricultural processing wastes were used as sources and raw
materials to extract the highly value-added compounds such as pectin, cellulose, lignin
and phenols. These chemical compounds were investigated and used to develop novel
bio-based materials specifically for plastic and packaging applications in a vast field
industry. The properties, bonding and chemical composition of the biocomposites
from various studies were comparatively investigated by Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR). Results showed that hydrogen bonding, carbonyl groups, alkyl and
aromatic ring of lignin and several minor chemical compounds present in the citrus
wastes composite illustrate the unique properties, ability and potential materials as
guidance in producing the desired products.
The efficacy of home-made soap from used cooking oil and pineapple waste
for eco-friendly household product
Authors: Zahari N.S. , Sabran S.F. , Ruslan N.
Published: October 2024

As the human population increases globally, the waste production rate from various types
of waste such as used cooking oil and fruit waste also increases. The development of this
dish soap bar helps in spreading awareness for people not to discharge used cooking oil
and fruit waste into the drainage system. Instead, one can opt to transform these waste
products into soap. This study aims to develop a dish soap bar using used cooking oil and
pineapple waste. The efficacy of the soap was evaluated following the eco-friendly
product criteria. In this study, eight types of dish soap bars were developed with two
variables namely concentration and type of pineapple parts. The whole parts of pineapple
waste were prepared with 100%, 75%, 50%, and 0% concentration. Different parts with
100% concentrations were developed from peel, core, stem, and crown parts. The dish
soap bar samples were evaluated for their efficacy based on pH value, moisture content,
and foam height. It has been compared among samples, control, and commercial soaps.
The commercial brand, Labour, has the highest foam height (6.61 cm) and pH value
(10.53) and the sample core (Conc. 100%) showed the highest moisture content
(12.19%). The significant value among samples, control, and commercial soap for each
pH value, foam height, and moisture content was determined by using SPSS21 software.
The pH value and foam height of the samples were highly significant (F1,32 = 16.275, p
<0.001). The moisture content also showed a significant difference (F1,32 = 2.889, p
<0.05). The Dunnett multiple methods were used to determine the most samples that were
closed to control. Five samples were close to the control. Brine shrimp test the toxicity of
the sample. The average survival rate of brine shrimp for the whole part (Conc. 50%) dish
soap bar sample was 36.7%. The sensory evaluation proceeded to look at the overall
acceptance of the sample among 50 respondents and from the evaluation, 36 respondents
(72%) were very satisfied with the final product sample whole part (Conc. 50%).
The effect of ageing on the tensile properties of greenhouses nets
Authors: Tucman Ines , Pilipović Ana
Published: October 2024

Providing good protection for cultivated plants against weather conditions like hail, frost, and wind, as well as from animals like birds, insects, and wild boars, is important for enhancing plant growth and improving both production and quality. For this reason, plants are grown in covering systems (greenhouses) where covering materials play a major role. This paper analyses the effect of ageing on tensile properties of nets and the advantages of using nets as a covering part in greenhouses and explores their positive impact on plant protection and growth. The nets that were tested are made from different polymer materials, mostly polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The result shows that in the case of PP net (PA105N) and HDPE wind protection net (ZO95) the tensile strength decreases by 28% - 35% respectively after ageing. The elongation in most cases increases even up to 70% (net 70%). Additionally, there is a noticeable change in the shape of the nets after exposure to the atmospheric environment.
ENDOTHELIN-1 IN ADRENAL CORTICOCYTES WITH A COMBINATION OF CRANIO BRAIN INJURY AND ENDOTOXEMIA
Authors: S.V. Zinoviev , N.G. Plekhova , V.B. Shumatov
Published: October 2024

Neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and endotoxemia caused by bacterial lipopolysaccharide have an indirect effect through blood vessels on paracrine and autocrine processes regulating steroidogenesis of adrenal corticocytes. The vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 plays a key role in blood vessel homeostasis. This protein, as a regulator, may be involved in the integration of the listed mechanisms of action on the adrenal glands during endotoxemia and inflammation. Purpose of the study: immunohistochemical characterization of the localization sites and content of endothelin-1 in adrenal corticocytes during a combination of TBI and endotoxemia in the experiment. Materials and methods. Moderate TBI was reproduced in mature rats using a falling weight model weighing 200 g, endotoxemia was induced by intraperitoneal administration of pyrogenal at a total dose of 100 μg/kg body weight. Endothelin-1 was detected in adrenal tissues using the immunohistochemical method and morphometric analysis of the images was performed. Results. In all experimental groups, the stability of the morphometric characteristics of the ratio of the calving cortex and the adrenal medulla was found. With the combination of TBI and endotoxemia, there is a decrease in the area of the nucleus and cytoplasm of adrenal corticocytes and, as a consequence, the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. A morphological study revealed an increase in the content of endothelin-1 in the cells of the adrenal cortex, while in the adrenocytes of the medulla, a significant positive reaction to the presence of the peptide was not detected. Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrate that the combination of TBI and endotoxemia causes dysfunction of adrenal cortex cells with an increase in the synthesis of endothelin-1 in them.
DYNAMICS OF ORAL FLUID CYTOKINE LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH PRE-CANCER DISEASES AFTER THERAPY
Authors: L.N. Kazarina , A.E. Belozerov , A.S. Kazarin , S.A. Bernatskaya , O.O. Gushchina , T.M. Tverdova
Published: October 2024

To diagnose precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa in dentistry today, a large number of techniques are used. Despite the fact that the best method is still a morphological study, its use in a clinical setting is extremely difficult. Non-invasive examination methods, such as luminescent and autoluminescent methods, optical coherence tomography, simple and extended stomatoscopy, are being widely developed. All of them also have a number of disadvantages, including inaccessibility to primary care dentists, the complexity and duration of the study, and the inability to assess the dynamics of the therapy. One of the promising methods is the method for assessing the level of cytokines in the oral fluid. The purpose of this work is to study the possibility of assessing the dynamics of the ongoing treatment of precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa by analyzing the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the oral fluid. 50 patients with precancerous diseases of the oral cavity were examined. Of these, 2 cohorts of 25 people were formed. In the main group, the drug “Eplan” was used as a keratoplasty; in the comparison group, a traditional treatment regimen was used. A survey of 25 healthy people was also carried out. Analysis of the level of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines showed a significant increase in the concentration of these molecules in patients with dyskeratosis. After the treatment, there was a normalization of indicators in both groups with better dynamics in the main group. Conclusions were drawn about the possibility of using the level of salivary cytokines to predict the occurrence and malignancy of precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa, as well as to monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
EMPATHY AS AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GENERATIONS Y AND Z IN ONLINE COMMUNICATION
Authors: D.I. Daver
Published: October 2024

Communications on the Internet in the last two decades have acquired great importance in the instrumental sense (as a way of transmitting information), in the field of socialization of youth, in solving educational and educational problems. Many scientists have noted positive and negative changes in the consciousness of young people under the influence of Internet socialization. The theoretical aspect of the article presents positions on the topic of cybersocialization, reveals the importance of network communication for young people and the importance of empathy in the structure of communication.
The article discusses two generations Y and Z, as well as two mentalities: individualistic and collectivist.
The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the qualities
empathy in two generations Y and Z and identifying the dependence of collectivist
or individualistic orientation with the quality of empathy.
Empathy is considered from different points of view, including as a basis for more complex constructs and as a determinant of psychological processes. 4 types of empathy are presented according to the theory of Troitskaya E. A.: cognitive, emotional, effective, responsive. The issue of the relationship between empathy and individual psychological characteristics, such as extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, altruism-egoism, and intelligence, is covered.
The practical part presents research hypotheses about the quality of empathy among representatives of different generations with an individualistic orientation, and describes the qualitative content of empathy among different generations and orientations.
The practical part presents research hypotheses about the quality of empathy among representatives of different generations of an individualistic orientation, and describes the qualitative content of empathy among different generations and orientations.
During the study, we used the “Indicators of Individualism - Collectivism” (IK) methods, developed by L. G. Pochebut based on the description of cultural syndromes by G. Triandis and the diagnostic method of the level of empathic abilities of V. V. Boyko, designed to assess the ability to empathize and understand thoughts and the feelings of the other.
The results of research demonstrate distinct difference in the quality of empoathy of 2 generations Y and Z of individualistic and collectivistic orientation.
Implementación de energías alternativas utilizando paneles solares en la “Junta de Agua Potable del barrio Zumbalica” para el funcionamiento de alumbrado
Authors: Clavijo Cevallos Manuel Patricio , Guachamin Samaniego Jeniffer Alexandra
Published: October 2024

La implementación de un sistema de energías alternativas utilizando paneles solares en la “Junta de Agua Potable del Barrio Zumbalica” para el funcionamiento de alumbrado representa un avance importante hacia la mejora de la calidad de vida de los moradores, situación que recae en la promoción del desarrollo sostenible. El proyecto se enfoca en utilizar la energía solar como una fuente alternativa de abastecimiento energético para resolver una problemática recurrente en torno a la falta de servicio eléctrico adecuado en la zona media alta de las instalaciones de la Junta de Agua Potable. El sistema fotovoltaico funciona mediante un panel solar, que captura la radiación solar y la convierte en energía eléctrica. Esta electricidad se distribuye a través de una red eléctrica para proporcionar iluminación en espacios interiores y exteriores. Su finalidad es minimizar la dependencia eléctrica hacia fuentes de energía no renovables, además, ayuda a reducir la huella de carbono neta del barrio. Esta energía alternativa consta de varios beneficios y desafíos a nivel ambiental, social y económico, no obstante, su demanda radica en su difusión. En fin, este proyecto marca un modelo a seguir que garantice un futuro sostenible y comprometido con la solidez personal y ambiental.
Elaboración de yogur con sabor a chocolate y café, saludable y sostenible con materias primas de La Maná
Authors: Cañar Pineda Mishel Lisbeth , García Valladares Pamela Dayana , Jaramillo María Belén , Rivera Toapanta Evelyn Andrea
Published: October 2024

En la actualidad se explora la importancia cultural de los productos alimenticios tradicionales y la variabilidad en su definición global. Se destaca el yogurt por su contenido nutricional y potencial para reducir riesgos de cáncer, así como los beneficios antioxidantes del cacao y café robusto. Se discute la innovación del yogurt sabor café y cacao como una combinación de beneficios lácteos, aroma y sabor de ambos. Además, se aborda el pH como factor crucial en la calidad alimentaria, así como la temperatura y solidos solubles presentes en el proceso. El uso de conservante para preservar la calidad del producto final, la reología y su vida útil. En el análisis sensorial aplicado al yogurt de cacao y café se midió la aceptabilidad en una prueba hedónica de 5 puntos considerando los atributos de color, olor y textura mostrando un alto grado de aceptabilidad del producto, cumpliendo con los estándares de calidad establecidos en la NTE INEN 2395.
Desarrollo corporativo económico y medio ambiental en las diferentes Asociaciones en la ciudad de Cuenca: recicladores el Chorro
Authors: Arroba Freire Edison Manuel , Ramírez Proaño Mario Santiago , López Moreno Jorge Luis , Merino Lema Gabriela Lizbeth
Published: October 2024

En el presente estudio aborda la problemática del desarrollo corporativo y la sostenibilidad ambiental en las asociaciones de recicladores de Cuenca, enfocándose en la Asociación El Chorro. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar y proponer estrategias que promuevan el desarrollo económico y la eficiencia operativa de estas asociaciones, mejorando así su impacto ambiental y económico. La metodología utilizada tiene un enfoque cualitativo, con la aplicación entrevistas, encuestas y grupos focales con los miembros de las asociaciones, con un enfoque cuantitativo, a través de análisis de datos operativos identificados en el sector. Los resultados revelan que una mejor organización corporativa y la implementación de estrategias sostenibles pueden aumentar significativamente la eficiencia y el impacto positivo de las asociaciones de recicladores. Finalmente se considera que las mejores prácticas identificadas en la gestión de recursos y la colaboración comunitaria son replicables en otras asociaciones similares, se puede invertir en capacitación constante en el sector y el desarrollo corporativo, junto con prácticas sostenibles, no solo mejora el entorno ambiental, sino que también fortalece la economía local.
Proyectos eléctricos de iluminación para el desarrollo comunitario en San José de Alpamalag en la Provincia de Cotopaxi – Ecuador
Authors: Vásquez Teneda Franklin Hernán , Urresty Noguera Yuly Alejandra , Soria Soria Alexis Damián
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo detalla la iniciativa de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi en la implementación de un proyecto de iluminación en San José de Alpamalag, Provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador. Este proyecto, enmarcado en el compromiso de la universidad con el desarrollo local y la vinculación comunitaria, se centra en mejorar la infraestructura lumínica de espacios públicos, resaltar el patrimonio cultural y promover la eficiencia energética. También se destaca la participación de la comunidad en todas las etapas subrayando la importancia en la toma de decisiones. En conjunto, este proyecto refleja el compromiso de la universidad con el desarrollo sostenible y su capacidad para generar impactos positivos y duraderos en las comunidades locales.
A Comprehensive View of the Solvability and Stability of a Feedback Control Problem with a State-Dependent Delay Implicit Pantograph Equation
Authors: El-Sayed Ahmed M.A. , Al-Barg Eman M. , Ebead Hanna R.
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we examine the existence of a unique solution of a feedback control problem with an implicit state-dependent pantograph equation. Additionally, the study implements the problem’s Hyers-Ulam stability and the continuous dependence of the unique solution on the initial data and the parameters. Furthermore, we investigate this problem in the absence of feedback control. We also provide some examples to illustrate our results.
In Vivo Dynamics of HIV-1 Infection With Impaired Antibody Immunity and Three General Infection Mechanisms
Authors: Halawani Reham H. , AlShamrani Noura H. , Elaiw Ahmed M.
Published: October 2024

In this paper we investigate two generalized human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) dynamics models with impaired antibody immunity. The models include both latently and actively infected cells. Three infection mechanisms are incorporated into the models, viral infection mechanism (VIM), latent cellular infection mechanism (CIM) and active CIM. The three infection rates are provided by generic nonlinear functions. The second model includes three types of distributed time delays. We find that our models are biologically feasible. The global stability analysis of equilibria are performed and found the basic reproduction ratio (R0) as a threshold parameter. Using Lyapunov method we show that, the virus-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when R0≤1 and the virus-persistence equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when R0>1. Sensitivity analysis on R0 is studied. To support our theoretical results we provide some numerical simulations. We have demonstrated that R0 is influenced by all three of the infection types, and that if one of them were ignored, R0 would be underestimated. This might lead to inadequate medication effectiveness that aims to remove HIV-1 from the body. The effects of time delay and impaired antibody immunity on HIV-1 progression are examined. According to our research, lowered immunity is a significant factor in the infection's growth. Furthermore, time delays might drastically reduce R0, which would prevent HIV-1 from replicating. The information provided by our research in this work can improve our comprehension of HIV-1 dynamics within-host and provide guidance for the creation of novel pharmacological treatments.
Turkish EFL learners’ knowledge, perception, and production of suprafixes as part of lexical competence
Authors: Topal Ibrahim Halil
Published: October 2024

Vocabulary and grammar are essential to language proficiency (Richards, 2015). Some word families and grammatical categories can only be distinguished by prosodic properties such as suprafixes. In English, specific noun/adjective-verb pairs, sometimes called disyllabic words, receive primary stress on different syllables. Typically, nouns receive trochaic stress, while verbs receive iambic stress. Research shows that suprafixes are difficult for language learners from diverse linguistic and prosodic backgrounds. Given the scarcity of research in specific contexts (e.g., Turkish EFL), this study explored Turkish EFL learners’ suprafixational knowledge, perception, and production. Participants were B1-level preparatory school students of a prominent state university. Data were collected through a test of knowledge (n=110), a test of perception (n=80), and a test of production (n=50). Results showed poor knowledge, perception, and production of suprafixes among Turkish EFL learners. Minor variations in suprafixational competence were observed in males and females. Additionally, different noun-verb pairs posed a challenge for both genders. The results were discussed, and recommendations for future research were made. The study concludes that Turkish EFL learners must receive suprasegmental training focusing on suprafixes.
OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION OF PROTEIN AND RESERVE-ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC PHENOTYPE OF OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Shodiev D. , Zvyagina V. , Ryabova M. , Dmitrieva M.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between ROS production and the antioxidant defense system, is a major disruption of chronic inflammation in OA and obesity. It should be noted that the study and understanding of OS and their relationship with the identification of joint tissues is necessary to develop new therapeutic approaches to the occurrence and expediency of the metabolic phenotype of OA. Aim. To study protein oxidative modification (OMP) and reserve-adaptive potential in patients with the metabolic phenotype of osteoarthritis (OA). Material and methods. Participants were divided into 2 groups: Control group - patients without articular pathology, metabolic syndrome. The exper-imental group consisted of patients with the metabolic phenotype of OA. The subjects were collected complaints and anamnesis, as well as general clinical and orthopedic examination. In the blood serum, indicators of OMP and superoxidedismutase (SOD) were determined. Patients were asked to answer the questions of clinical scales of the functional state of the joints and quality of life. Results. The initial activity of blood serum SOD was somewhat lower in patients with the metabolic phenotype of OA, and the level of OMP showed certain differences in the levels of activity of the processes of spontaneous and metal-catalyzed PMB. The total area under the spontaneous OMP curve was statistically significantly higher (p 0,01), mainly due to the neutral fraction of aldehyde dinitrophenyl hydrozones (ADNFH). The level of reserve-adaptive potential was statistically significantly lower than the control group. An inverse correlation was found between the total area, the area of ADNFH of metal-catalyzed OMP and the level of pain, which indicates higher levels of oxidative stress in patients with severe clinical symptoms. Сonclusion. In patients with pronounced indicators of clinical manifestations of OA, more active processes of redox changes were observed. There was a decrease in the activity of antioxidant activity and the level of reserve-adaptive potential
PARAMETERS OF OXIDATIVE BALANCE AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN MUSCLE TISSUE DURING PROLONGED RESTRICTION OF MOTOR ACTIVITY
Authors: Elikov A.
Published: October 2024

Actuality. The leading role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in hypokinesia is performed by disorders of oxidative balance and lipid metabolism. Especially important are studies of metabolic disorders at subcellular level. The aim of the study is to investigate oxidative balance and cholesterol metabolism in muscle tissue under motor activity restriction of different duration. Material and methods. Comprehensive investigation of free radical oxidation parameters (diene conjugates, ТBA contents, intensity of chemiluminescence), antioxidant protection (total antioxidant activity, antiradical activity) and cholesterol metabolism in heart muscle and thigh muscle tissues of white male rats under movement restriction during up to 28 days, which was achieved by placing animals in individual 40 cm2 cells. Results. The patterns of metabolic changes in the muscle tissue depending on the duration of motor activity restriction were established in the form of free radical oxidation intensification, reduction of antioxidant protection resources and increase of cholesterol content in the heart muscle. These metabolic changes were expressed most prominently on the 14th to 21st days of the experiment. In addition to violations of the oxidant balance, a specific feature of changes in cholesterol content in the thigh muscle was a wave-like change of this index in the form of an increase on the 7th day of the experiment, followed by a decrease with minimal values on the 21st day of the experiment. Conclusion. Decrease in antioxidant protection resources and intensification of free-radical oxidation reactions constitute one of the leading mechanisms of metabolic disturbances in restricting motor activity, which is confirmed by significant changes of the studied indicators. Comprehensive study of the indicators characterizing the processes of free-radical oxidation, antioxidant protection and cholesterol content is an informative criterion of the effects of hypokinesia on the body, and the obtained data allow the inclusion of antioxidants in the complex prevention and therapy in forced limitation of motor activity. The author declares that there is no conflict of interest in the performance of this work.
PENGUNGKAPAN LINGKUNGAN: SUDUT PANDANG INVESTOR
Authors: Husnaini Wahidatul , Cahyaningtyas Susi Retna , Ramadhani Rahmi Sri
Published: October 2024

Legitimacy theory berkaitan dengan aktivitas yang dilakukan perusahaan apakah sudah memenuhi norma, aturan dan kaidah masyarakat. Masalah yang ditimbulkan dari aktivitas perusahaan adalah masalah lingkungan. Pengungkapan lingkungan merupakan informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh investor sebagai bukti bahwa perusahaan peduli akan masalah lingkungan. Signaling theory beranggapan bahwa pengungkapan informasi lingkungan merupakan sinyal bagi stakeholder bahwa perusahaan memenuhi tuntutan stakeholder maupun masyarakat di sekitar perusahaan sehingga stakeholder merespons informasi tersebut. Tujuan penelitian menguji peran pengungkapan lingkungan dilihat dari sudut pandang investor. Sampel penelitian adalah perusahaan go public di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang mengungkapkan corporate social responsibility maupun sustainability reporting periode 2011 – 2020 dan diperoleh 566 observasi. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dengan software STATA 17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengungkapan lingkungan meningkatkan harga saham, menurunkan return saham namun tidak mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini mendukung legitimacy theory dan signaling theory. Bagi regulator (OJK) sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk mewajibkan perusahaan mengungkapkan informasi lingkungan dalam laporan tahunan maupun sustainability reporting secara stand-alone meskipun secara bertahap.
KOMITE MANAJEMEN RISIKO, EKSTERNAL TATA KELOLA DAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Atikah Siti , Muhsyaf Saipul Arni , Ramadhani Rahmi Sri , Uciawati Uciawati
Published: October 2024

Good corporate governance can increase the value of a company by implementing a commitment to achieve predetermined goals. One of these goals is meeting the expectations of investors, shareholders, and other stakeholders to achieve maximum profit. This study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding implementing the Risk Management Committee and its impact on company performance. Organizations, as systems, constantly interact with their environment, which is influenced by individual psychology. The study uses a sample of 100 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange out of 848 as of March 2023. The Risk Management Committee's characteristics are measured by the team leader's number of members and the leader's family affiliation with the company's management. The level of competitiveness is calculated using the Hirschman-Herfindahl index. Multiple regression tests were conducted to examine these variables. The results show that the number of risk management committees and family affiliations has a negative impact on firm value, while the level of competitiveness has a positive effect. However, only the family affiliation of the chairman of the risk management committee significantly affects firm value. The study's limitation lies in measuring the Risk Management Committee's characteristics, and further research is needed with different measurements. The results of this study can be helpful for investors when making investment decisions and for companies when presenting non-financial information.
REMODELAGEM E ATUALIZAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE GERÊNCIA DE PAVIMENTOS DO DNIT (SGP-DNIT)
Authors: LIMA MATEUS AGUIAR , OLIVEIRA KARINA SOARES DA COSTA E , PEREIRA VINICIUS QUINTILIANO , MORAES LEONARDO FABRI DE , ANHAIA CINTIA ADRIANA AZEVEDO DE LIZ , RODRIGUES REGIS MARTINS , MELLO LUIZ GUILHERME RODRIGUES DE
Published: October 2024

Um sistema de gerência de pavimentos (SGP) visa manter a infraestrutura viária para garantir a trafegabilidade, a segurança e o conforto aos usuários com estratégias de manutenção que reduzam seu custo e apresentem melhorias. O Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transportes (DNIT) é responsável por planejar a manutenção de uma malha rodoviária pavimentada de mais de 50.000 km. Dada a complexidade das análises e a quantidade de dados a serem considerados, o órgão planejou a remodelagem do sistema existente. Este trabalho apresenta as melhorias e considerações feitas a fim de modernizar, organizar e estruturar os dados para tomada de decisão no SGP, com objetivo de aprimorar suas análises e auxiliar gestores. A partir do diagnóstico do SGP e o mapeamento de processos e dados existentes no órgão, houve a definição das análises a serem consideradas no sistema e os dados necessários. Assim, o DNIT possui um sistema para consulta de dados funcionais, estruturais e de condição atual da rede e análise de estratégias de investimentos e evolução da condição do pavimento dadas as restrições impostas. O SGP-DNIT ajuda a autarquia na tomada de decisão dos gestores quanto às intervenções de manutenção. Com o uso do SGP, busca-se um avanço de ações de manutenção corretiva para ações de manutenção preventiva, buscando atingir a máxima eficácia nos investimentos.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA MANUTENÇÃO DO TRECHO DA BR 101/NORTE NO ESTADO DE SERGIPE EMPREGANDO O ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DA MANUTENÇÃO (IQM): ESTUDO DE CASO.
Authors: ANDRADE STEFANNY BRUNA OLIVEIRA , LINS ANDREA SANTANA TEIXEIRA
Published: October 2024

As rodovias são as principais vias de circulação das pessoas, mercadorias e veículos, possuindo grande importância para o avanço de um país, como é o caso do Brasil. Por ser um local de elevado fluxo, devem ser realizados serviços de manutenção que conservem e restaurem as características originais das rodovias, uma vez que elas sofrem ações do tempo, clima e carga de veículos. Ademais, é fundamental avaliar a qualidade de manutenção de uma rodovia, a fim de que seja compreendido o estado de conservação dela, atentando-se aos seus principais problemas existentes e suas respectivas soluções. Esse estudo propõe o Índice de Qualidade da Manutenção (IQM) como um parâmetro para avaliar o nível de qualidade da pavimentação e da conservação de rodovias. Por conseguinte, aplica o índice proposto na avaliação do trecho da BR-101/Norte, localizada no estado de Sergipe, entre os meses de outubro a dezembro de 2022. A avaliação foi realizada em campo e apontou a situação que se encontrava a rodovia estudada, bem como os problemas existentes na mesma. Também foi possível realizar uma análise comparativa do IQM proposto no estudo com o ICM (Índice de Condição de Manutenção), indicador de qualidade das rodovias adotado pelo DNIT. Constatou se que o IQM não se limitou a avaliar de forma generalizada os defeitos encontrados no pavimento, bem como pontuar os níveis de conservação da rodovia, tal como preconiza o ICM. A elaboração do modelo proposto pelo IQM aponta os principais problemas existentes no trecho da BR-101/Norte estudado. Por fim, chegou-se à conclusão do quão importante é a realização da avaliação da manutenção da rodovia, já que através dela há um direcionamento para os principais problemas existentes, tal como a qualidade dos serviços que estão sendo executados e o nível de conservação da mesma.