bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cadastral Assessment and Challenging Its Results Today in Russia
Authors: Osennyaya A V , Khakhuk B A , Gura D A , Kislitsa N A
Published: March 2021

Today in Russia, one of the main factors in the development of an effective model of the modern economy is an adequate cadastral assessment of land plots and other real estate. However, the problem of improving the procedure for determining it and the system for challenging its results needs to be improved and is becoming increasingly urgent in connection with the introduction of a new real estate tax soon throughout the country, which should replace the land tax and property tax. The article considers the problems of modern system of cadastral evaluation of real estate and the system for challenging its results. It also includes analysis of reports on determination of cadastral cost of real estate in the whole country and more detailed in Moscow, St.-Petersburg, Krasnodar and the Moscow region, presented on the official website of Rosreestr. The results of the study demonstrate the imperfection of the system of cadastral evaluation of real estate and, above all, the methodology of its determination, as evidenced by requests to fix errors in the budget of the organization and overall operation of the system of challenging the cadastral value, serving today is an indicator of the effectiveness of the applied rating models.
Digital Innovation as a Regional Economy Development Factor
Authors: Dolbnya E A , Kozlova O N , Vasilyeva M K , Lyukina A Y
Published: March 2021

The article considers the phenomenon of digital innovation as a factor in the development of the regional economy. Using the example of the Siberian Federal District, the authors found that there is a direct relation between the value of indicators of innovative development of regions and indicators of the development of the digital economy. In addition, the article included a SWOT analysis of the development of digital innovations in the Kemerovo region-Kuzbass, as a raw material region with the potential for development in the sphere of digitalization.
Tools for Managing Business Processes in the Municipal Solid Waste System
Authors: Gubernatorov A , Aleksandrova I
Published: March 2021

The economy of the Russian Federation at the present stage is characterized by an extremely high level of consumption of raw materials and waste generation. This is due to the export-raw material orientation of production, as well as the level of technological development. In this regard, the amount of waste generation and accumulation is steadily increasing. Analysis of current trends has shown that every year, on average, Russians emit about 80 million tons of municipal waste. At the same time, both in Russia and in other countries, the structure of MSW is approximately the same. These are primarily glass, paper, plastics, fabrics and organic products, as well as oversized items such as old furniture, car parts, etc. At first glance, recycling household garbage is a fairly simple and profitable business. Thus, by recycling car tires, you can get rubber coatings that are actively used in the economy, new paper is made from waste paper, and organic garbage is obtained from. The methodology used for creating data or information flow diagrams is described. The relevance of using this technology in modern practice is shown. The practical application of the DFD methodology in modeling a new financing system in the field of solid municipal waste management is presented.
Ecological Assessment of Alluvial Soil Resistance to Anthropogenic Impact
Authors: Stepanova L P , Yelizarov N A , Pisareva A V
Published: March 2021

The article presents studies aimed at establishing the influence of anthropogenic impact on composition and properties of the alluvial soddy soil. Assessment is demonstrated of the degree of damage caused to soils as a result of fertile layer removal and closure. Degree of the alluvial soil fertility indicator alteration is established by the water extract pH value, content of organic matter, level of provision with available forms of phosphorus in connection to violating the stripping and quarrying technology in extraction of construction sand and reclamation of damaged lands. Our studies were conducted on a land plot with soil samples of alluvial soddy soil taken at the depth of 0-20 cm. Rate of decrease was established in the organic matter content in soil layer of 0-20 cm as a result of stripping and quarrying. Studies demonstrated significant alteration in the soil granulometric (grain) composition in the damaged land confirmed by a sharp decrease in the soil aggregate fractions number. Destruction of the alluvial soil fertile layer, and damage to the soil cover during extraction of minerals by the open-pit quarrying method, and, as a consequence, deterioration in its environmental and water protection role, both for natural soils and for soils of river valleys, was proved. Thus, degradation of soil, as a means of agricultural production, is a loss of soil fertility and land productivity; soil degradation, as a historically formed body, is a decrease in its reliability, elasticity and durability. Negative processes are manifested to a varying degree on agricultural lands, which requires the need to assess the levels of impact of factors causing degradation, degree of soil alteration and possibility of their rehabilitation, elaboration of ways to optimize and create an ecologically sustainable land use system.
Geomagnetic Survey for Solving Ecology Problems on Aquatory Seaport with High Level of Electromagnetic Noise (Golden Horn Bay, Peter the Great Gulf, Sea of Japan)
Authors: Bessonova E A , Koptev A A , Zverev S A , Zheldak E M , Petukhov V I
Published: March 2021

The crucial task of geomagnetic survey is detecting of magnetic anomalies coming from local object with ferromagnetic properties on aquatory seaport with high level of electromagnetic noise. We developed magnetic survey and data interpretation procedure which is necessary for expanding level of results authenticity under the conditions of limited size of aquatory and high vessel traffic. We used measuring equipment and software produced in Russia. Results of magnetic anomalies quantitative interpretation certified by side-scanning sonar and diver’s works.
Ways of Recognizing the High Status of the Territory for the Biodiversity Conservation (on the Example of the Ichalkovsky Reserve in the Nizhny Novgorod Region)
Authors: Bakka S V , Yu Kiseleva N , Noskova O S , Schestakova A A , Arefyeva S V
Published: March 2021

The purpose of our study is to consider the possibilities of using different approaches to recognize the significance of the territory for the biodiversity conservation. The Ichalkovsky nature reserve (zakaznik) with an area of 1,442 hectares in the Nizhny Novgorod region was selected for analysis as a botanical and geological object unique for the Russian Plain. The criterion of various rare wildlife species records was used as a leading approach. Analysis of published materials and field research in 2020 allowed us to identify in the studied territory the habitat of 88 wildlife species listed in the Red Data Books of Russia and the Nizhny Novgorod Region. They are very different concerning their taxonomy and biology. This criterion use shows the extremely high conservation value of the Ichalkovsky reserve. The territory under consideration is characterized by high biological diversity and a high degree of biota remained, as well as its weak human disturbance. It is shown that, in accordance with the approaches of international nature conservation programs, the Ichalkovsky reserve has the status of a territory of special nature conservation significance within the Emerald Network of Russia, as well as an Important Bird Area. This territory is the core of the environmental framework of European Russia and meets the criteria for identifying several categories of high conservation value forests. The proposed ways have shown high efficiency. Ichalkovsky reserve is very important to conserve the biodiversity, including at the international level. This natural area should have legal protection adequate to its nature conservation value. Such protection can be provided by the status of a cluster of a national park.
Multifunctional Safety System as a Framework for the Digital Transformation of the Coal Mining Industry
Authors: Nikitenko S M , Goosen E V , Malakhov Yu V , Kizilov S A
Published: March 2021

Accidents related with operation of mining equipment is a serious problem in the extractive industries. The accidents can result in damage and downtime of machinery, or even can lead to injuries and fatalities. These problems seem to become more acute in the modern conditions of Industry 4.0 implementation. This paper focuses on applicability of a multifunctional safety system in opencast coal mining, with regard to features of this method and using digital technologies. The authors emphasize essentiality of a business-model of opencast coal mining to reach the wanted results.The first section in your paper.
Thermal Plasma in Construction Industry
Authors: Shekhovtsov V V , Volokitin O G , Skripnikova N K , Volokitin G G , Semenovykh M A
Published: March 2021

During the global financial crisis, the development of priority industries, including the production of construction materials, is the guarantor of intensive economic recovery in Russia. A number of weaknesses that do not allow using the conventional methods and raw materials sources are identified through the analysis of limitations in the conventional production processes of construction materials and composite coatings. This paper considers the technological alternatives for the plasma-assisted production of materials, coatings and powders. The paper presents the two applications for highly concentrated plasma flows, namely, the production and modification of various construction materials and coatings and the use of nonstandard raw materials, such as industrial wastes from thermal power plants and metallurgical production. These raw materials cannot be used in conventional production processes due to their specific chemical composition and high melting temperatures. Owing to its unique properties, low-temperature plasma provides the modification of complex dispersion systems, in which the particle interaction occurs at subatomic levels providing the formation of materials with enhanced physical and mechanical properties.
Influence of TIG Welding Thermal Cycle on Temperature Distribution and Phase Transformation in Low-cost Titanium Alloy
Authors: Akhonin S V , Yu Belous V , Selin R V , Kostin V A
Published: March 2021

Low-cost β-phase titanium alloys are starting to get a lot of attention and application in aircraft and mechanical engineering. They are effectively hardened by heat treatment and have a strength 10-20% higher than α-alloys. However, during TIG welding of low-cost titanium alloys, difficulties arise due to a change in the structure and the formation of metastable phases in the welded joint. The main criterion for choosing the modes of TIG welding is the optimal interval of the cooling rate in the weld, therefore it is advisable to compare different modes of TIG welding, including the use of pre-heating, by their thermal effect on the weld metal and the heat-affected zone.
Rapeseed Oil is the Base for Biodiesel Fuel
Authors: Zapevalov M V , Sergeev N S , Redreev G V
Published: March 2021

Many countries all over the world including the Russian Federation are carrying out the research devoted to the replacement of mineral fuel to environmentally friendly fuel. One of these types can be biodiesel fuel based on vegetable oils. Any oil can be used for this purpose; however, rapeseed oil fuel seems to be the most rational one. Even in ancient times it was used in lanterns to light the streets, to lubricate metal parts that were in contact with water and steam to prevent them from corrosion. It is currently used in hydraulic systems of tractors and agricultural machines. The aim of the study is to determine the comparative operational parameters of a diesel engine when running on diesel fuel and fuel based on rapeseed oil. Rapeseed oil differs significantly from diesel fuel in viscosity and flash temperature; if diesel viscosity is 4.3 mm2/s, rapeseed oil viscosity is 75.1 mm2/s. The mixture consisting of 75% rapeseed oil and 25% diesel fuel has a viscosity of 36.0 mm2/s, and the density and lower combustion heat are close to diesel fuel parameters. The studies on preparing the rapeseed oil and diesel fuel mixture have been carried out in the South Ural State Agrarian University; they resulted in developing a production line for making the fuel mixture and conducting the comparative tests of the D-240 engine when working on diesel mineral fuel and when working on fuel consisting of a mixture of 75% rapeseed oil and 25% diesel fuel. It has been found that at a nominal frequency of engine crankshaft rotation (2170 rpm) the efficient power of the engine running both on diesel fuel and on a mixture of rapeseed oil and diesel fuel is 53.3 kW. With the same torque of 235 N/m the efficient fuel mixture consumption is only 17 g/kWh more. This gives the reasons for using this mixture as a fuel in a diesel engine in terms of energy parameters.
Environmental Monitoring of Electromagnetic Fields in Residential Areas
Authors: Grafkina M V , Sviridova E Y , Veliyeva E R
Published: March 2021

The increasing consumption of electricity is inextricably linked with the growth of electromagnetic fields in residential areas and an increase in the level of their impact on humans and the environment. In this regard, monitoring and research of electromagnetic pollution is a very urgent task. The paper presents the results of studies of electromagnetic fields in the territories adjacent to overhead power lines and energy enterprises, presents approaches to the development of electromagnetic monitoring (monitoring based on intensimetry, a method for calculating electromagnetic field parameters for pre-construction monitoring), and also gives recommendations on changing the regulatory framework for improving electromagnetic safety and monitoring efficiency.
Biologically Active Substances from Oxidized Lignite of the Itatsky Deposit
Authors: Kolosova M M , Dryomova M S , Filipovich L A , Kondaurova I G
Published: March 2021

Biologically active substances of natural origin are of great interest for agriculture, as their use allows to increase the efficiency of the industry and to obtain environmentally friendly products. The purpose of this work is to determine the biological activity of potassium humates obtained from oxidized brown coal beds of the Itatskoe deposit in the Kansko-Achinsky brown coal basin. Alkaline extraction of potassium humates and study of their biological activity were carried out in laboratories of Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy in 2017-2019. It was found that oxidized brown coals, inferior in their qualities to ordinary ones as fuel, are a promising source of biologically active substances for crop production. The study of biological activity of potassium humates revealed their significant impact on seed germination and morphometric characteristics of cucumber and soybean sprouts. When soaking seeds in solutions of potassium humates with concentrations from 0.001% to 0.1%, small concentrations of humates - 0.001% and 0.005% - had the greatest positive effect on the germination and length of soybean roots, length and weight of roots and cucumber stems.
Geoecological Risk Assessment Methods of Anthropogenic Risks Occurrence in Aridic Territories
Authors: Tatarintsev S A , Barmin A N , Valov M V , Kolchin E A , Shuvaev N S
Published: March 2021

Problems of the territory ecological state monitoring, prediction and mapping constantly remain relevant in conditions of modern urbanization. The space extension of built-up areas, traffic load increase, different types of industrial fields development, manufactures and service industries at the cups of XX-XXI centuries form positive environment for technogenic accidents initiation, consequently, increase technogenic risk level. It leads to the necessity of technogenic influence comprehensive study on natural system components and adversity reveal on the territories. Geoecologic risk assessment method of anthropogenic risks occurrence on the Astrakhan region territory is proposed in this work. Proposed results have a great meaning for management decision-making, directed on the territory safety protection and mitigation from technogenic influence.
Anoplura (Lice) of small mammals in the South Trans-Urals
Authors: Starikov V P , Kravchenko V N
Published: March 2021

For this the research, 2035 individuals of small mammals of 18 species were examined in order to find out the presence of obligate hematophages (Anoplura); from those 984 lice of 5 species were collected. The species composition of Anoplura, the indices of occurrence, infestation and the abundance of Anoplura on the Insectivora and Rodentia were analyzed. There have been noted repeated cases of Anoplura parasitizing the mammals unusual for them, which reflects interspecific contacts of small mammals. The features of the biotopic confinement of the parasite were considered.
Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Surface Sediment and Its Implications in the Yangtze Subaqueous Delta
Authors: Ge Can , Sun Yihao , Huang Zihan , Zhu Yunze
Published: March 2021

Characteristics of sediments vary significantly temporally and spatially in the Yangtze subaqueous delta and adjacent East China Sea shelf due to complicated dynamic conditions. Magnetic properties of sediments are sensitive to hydrodynamics and provenance, and therefore can indicate sediment transportation and deposition. High-resolution surface sediments collected in different seasons and years from the Yangtze subaqueous delta and neighboring East China Sea shelf were subjected to environmental magnetic analyses. In combination with granulometric analysis, this paper discusses temporal and spatial variations of magnetic properties and their implications for indicating sediment transportation, sediment source identification, and hydrodynamic response. The results show that magnetic parameters SIRM and XARM/SIRM suggest sediment transportation path from the Yangtze River into the East China Sea, with majority migrating to the south and southeast and then deposited to the west of 123°E, while a little fine sediment delivered to the northeast in summer. Cluster analysis demonstrates three sedimentation districts according to magnetic properties and particle size in the study area, which represent modern Yangtze sediment, late Pleistocene relict sand, and their mixture, respectively. Temporal-spatial changes in particle size of sediments suggests erosion outside the North Branch in the past few years, while opposite trend of changes on particle size of surface sediment in the adjacent area might reflect different degrees of erosion.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Regulation Schemes in Improving Navigation Condition of Reservoir Channels
Authors: Lu Yang , Xu Hui , Li Guo-bin , Shang Qian-qian
Published: March 2021

Sedimentation has become a world-wide issue for almost all types of dam reservoirs. The impact of sedimentation on navigation is mainly reflected in the obstruction of navigation channels, usually at reservoir ends. The issue can be partially solved by joint water-sediment regulation during the drawdown period, called “sedimentation-reduction (SR) regulation”. It aims to enhance scour at shoals by increasing the outflow of the reservoir and accelerates the water level decline. In general, the more inflow discharge or lower dam water level, the better scouring effects, although the waste of water for hydropower generation also needs to be considered. In this work, we propose a model to evaluate the effectiveness of SR regulation schemes in improving navigation condition of reservoirs channels. The constraints for successful regulation operation are analysed in details. The navigation benefits are estimated by the increment of sediment transport volume, and the power generation impacts are estimated by the loss of effective water head. The model gives optimal starting dam water level and corresponding inflow discharge. The results were compared with actual regulation parameters of the Three Gorge reservoir. This work can provide guidelines for reservoir sediment management.
Determination and Application of Microscopic Index Rca in Evaluating the Mechanical Properties of Soils
Authors: Xu Riqing , Jiang Jiaqi , Hua Yujiang
Published: March 2021

This paper presents an elaborated discussion on a soil microstructural index: the contact area ratio R
ca, including its determination method and potential applications. Starting from the calculation of 3D porosity, a reliable threshold is obtained by introducing the connection between macro and micro properties of soils. and then the contact area ratio R
ca could be well determined. Next triaxial compression test and SEM test are conducted and combined to investigate the evolution law of the microscopic contact area ratio R
ca during the compression process. Finally, the application value of this micro index in the evaluation of soil mechanical properties is demonstrated by introducing two potential application, which lays the foundation for further research in this field.
Study on Energy Consumption of Rural Household Heating Mode in Winter
Authors: Xue Wenjing , Yang Jianhua , Yuan Jianpu
Published: March 2021

Although rural household heating systems provide comfortable living environment in winter, household energy consumption increases year by year. The best household heating system has become a concerned issue in rural areas. Two main types of heating, a wall panel heating system and a radiant floor-heating system, are modelled and simulated according to some regulatory documents. The annual cost method and Value Engineering are used to compare the economy of two systems. The simulation results show that the rural household energy consumption of the radiant floor-heating system is lower than that of the wall panel heating system under the same comfortable condition. The final economic conclusion is that the radiant floor-heating system is more suitable in northern China.
Genome-wide Expression Analysis of Sulfite Tolerance Genes in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: Zhang Taikui , Liu Xiaozhen , Huang Xianbin , Zhang Zhiming , Zhang Hanyao
Published: March 2021

Sulfite is an important food preservative that is widely used in wine brewing, and the mechanism of sulfite metabolism in some strains ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaehas been reported. However, there is still something unclear in the sulfite metabolism, because there are different mechanisms in the different strains. To study the sulfite metabolism in the transcriptional network and gene expression ofS. cerevisiaestrains,SSU1, andFZF1genes were identified from genome sequences of yeast strains, and the transcriptional profile was mined from cDNA microarray. The fifth zinc finger ofFZF1protein was found to be another vital region for regulation, just as the first and fourth fingers previously reported. The functional difference ofSSU1protein in all surveyed strains might be related to the variation sites at 19, 52, 164, 291 and 344, and that ofFZF1protein might be related to the variation sites at 100, 107, 115, 120 and 258. The sulfur-tolerant capability of EC1118, UWOPS03-461-4, UWOPS05-217-3, UWOPS05-227-2, YPS128 and YPS606 strains was higher than the other strains surveyed, according to the CAI value ofSSU1andFZF1genes. The evolutions ofSSU1andFZF1genes were pushed by the mutation pressures. The expression levels ofSSU1andFZF1genes might be enhanced byROX1, ADR1, YPR015C, HAP4andGIS1genes. In addition, the function ofYPR015Cwas validated, and theYPR015Cgene was firstly found to play an important role in regulating sulfite metabolism.
Secondary Salinization of Soils in Russia
Authors: Savin Igor , Avetyan Sergey , Shishkonakova Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

Secondary salinization is one of the most widespread types of soil degradation in Russia. It is most widely spread on irrigated lands in steppe and dry-steppe regions of the country. Based on data obtained over the past 30 years, the database on secondary salinization of soils in Russia has been updated. As a basis the data of the uniform state register of soils of Russia which is completely compatible to a format of the Soil and geographical database of the European Union are used. The information on prevalence of secondary saline soils and secondary sodic soils has been specified. It is shown that in Russia, in contrast to other countries of the world, a greater danger is secondary sodification of soils. The results are presented as vector layers in geoinformation format.
Characteristics and Affecting Factors of Sinkhole Development in Cho Don Area, Bac Kan Province, Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Van , Hung Hoang Viet , Cuong Tran Quoc
Published: March 2021

Cho Don district, Bac Kan province, Vietnam is an area where mineral resources are very concentrated. The most potential minerals in the areas are iron, lead, zinc ores and construction materials with large reserves. The mines that have been explored and have large mineral reserves are mines in Bang Lung town’s surrounding area with reserve of about 5,032 thousand tons of ores. Na Tum mine in Cho Don district, Bac Kan province started to operate in April 2007, but since December 2007 up to now a number of large and very large sinkholes have been being developed and most likely shall be developed in future. Na Tum mine dewatering had been considered as a main induced sinkhole formation driving factor. Other necessary and sufficient conditions of sinkhole development and natural factors which accelerate sinkhole formation triggering mechanism have been studied and identified in this paper. The results are essentially important for future comprehensive detailed engineering geological, hydrogeolocical and geotechnical engineering investigation plan which is required for sinkhole geotechnical quantitative analysis, based on which both management and engineering measures to prevent the future sinkhole development, to provide sinkhole warning, to remediation of sinkholes, to carry out the local resident resettlement etc. can be developed. This is an important part of sustainable social-economical development and environmental protection in term of induced geohazards related to mining activities.
Waterways and Urban Morphology of Saigon HCMC Case Study of Xuyen Tam Canal Area in Ward 1 and 2, Binh Thanh District
Authors: Vu Hanh
Published: March 2021

Saigon- Hochiminh City (HCMC) has a long history of water-based development, defined by entire system of water transport routes, water-based living culture and productivities. Today, due to the declines of water transport and water-related social economic activities, water-based settlements have degraded the qualities of their living and working environments, negatively contributing to images of the city with pollutions, slums and garbage filled. In order to upgrade the conditions, improve water landscape, attract investments and accumulate economic growth, city government, with financial and technical supports from national and international levels, has carried many projects on water upgrading and redevelopment. The general objectives have been recorded as (1) (whole or partly) evictions of water-based communities/households, (2) constructions or widening of water-side roads, and (3) renovations and developments in vacant areas acquired from land pulling and readjustment. However, the effectiveness of evictions and resettlements of large number of households, the incomprehensive and passive plans for spatial renovations and upgrading after road constructions, and the demolitions of lots of valuable buildings have been questioned. If only are the values of water - based characteristics convincingly identified, the responsive and sensitive solutions for these areas are reasonably appropriate. This paper develops a framework to analyze values of these settlements from various aspects of spaces based upon morphological approach: the physical, the behavioral and emotional characters. Then, taking a section of Xuyen Tam canal as a case study, this paper applies the framework to analyze and discuss its future spatial transformation.
Plastic Pollution in the Ocean: The Impacts of Visual Information and Text on Beliefs, Attitudes, and Expected Behaviours
Authors: Turner Robert W
Published: March 2021

An experiment is conducted using an internet-based survey about the problem of plastic pollution in oceans. Treatment groups consist of respondents viewing an underwater photograph illustrating plastic pollution in oceans and/or reading a one-sentence description of the magnitude of the problem. Treatment effects are estimated for a variety of attitude and belief measures as well as for respondents’ expectations about how their own and others’ behaviours will be affected. Results support the external validity of previous estimates as well as providing new insights. For the sample as a whole, estimated effects on expected behaviours are more significant than estimated effects on underlying beliefs and attitudes. Though there are few statistically significant effects on belief and attitude measures, each treatment does result in some statistically significant effects, however. Estimated effects on beliefs and attitudes for those who didn’t hold strong pre-existing pro-environmental attitudes and beliefs were large, suggesting that visual and/or textual information can have large impacts on that group. There are almost no differences across treatments, whether for the sample as a whole or for the subsamples. A large majority of respondents reported that the experimental treatment made them want to learn more about this important environmental problem.
Geophysical and Geochemical Assessment of Afuze Bentonitic Clay: Implication for Mud Drilling Additive in Drilling Industry
Authors: Senbore Samson S , Oke Saheed A
Published: March 2021

Bentonitic clay is an important material required during drilling operation in oil and water industry. This study seeks to assess the deposit of the Bentonitic clay characteristics using geophysical techniques and geochemical assessment of the bentonitic clay unit in Afuze. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using Schlumberger electrode arrangement were carried out along six traverses to determine the subsurface lithological characteristics of the area. Representative samples of the bentonitic clay layers were collected for X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses and free swelling index parameters. The geophysical results show an appreciable thickness of the bentonitic clay unit among other stratigraphic units and are well defined based on its resistivity characteristic. The geochemical results show that the clay is a Ca-rich bentonitic type with a relatively low swelling properties and distinct to the Wyoming bentonite type. The Afuze bentonitic clay will be suitable for industrial application as drilling additives if beneficiated to increase the Na content in the clay and enhance its rheological properties for effective use in drilling operations.
Waterflooding Management: Challenges and Solutions During the Injection Process to Obtain Effectively and Environmentally Based Oil Recovery in Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Rini Dyah , Latuan  , Klea Ferdinandus , Prajanji I Gede O. S.
Published: March 2021

Water is an important element for every creature in the earth. Almost 70% of earth surface is covered by water. Since 1974, not only contribute to life, water also can be used in oil and gas industry, to improve the oil recovery through waterflooding. Waterflood now became one of oil enhancement methods that often applied in oil field because it’s proved effective can enhance the oil recovery with minimum impacts to ecology and environment. However, the use of water in oil and gas industry requires comprehensive understanding about the technical problem and environmental impact during waterflooding process. Hence, in this study a review is carried out on several problems that occur in the waterflooding injection process and provides solutions so as to be able to manage projects effectively and efficiently also considering the environmental aspects.
Selected Hematological and Biochemical of the Peranakan Ongole (PO) Cattle in Different Stage of Reproductive in Indonesian Tropical Environment
Authors: Sarmin  , Hana A , Astuti P , Airin C M
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to determine the proportional hematology and biochemistry in a different stage of estrous cycles and period of gestation and lactation in the Peranakan Ongole (PO) cattle in Indonesia’s tropical environment. Thirty-three clinically healthy PO cattle were used in this research. Blood was collected for estrous, diestrus, metestrus, proestrus, pregnancy, and lactation groups for hematology and biochemistry analysis. The lymphocyte higher in estrous stages and lower in the lactation period (p<0.05). The triglyceride highest in all estrous cycles and pregnancy period and lowest in the lactation period (p<0.05). The highest glucose was found in lactation and lowest in proestrus (p<0.05). The potassium highest in proestrus and the lowest in estrous and lactation (p<0.05). This finding has revealed that fluctuations in the lymphocytes, triglyceride, and glucose in different stages of estrous cycles and pregnancy and lactation period. Blood and biochemical are affected by the stage of reproduction in the PO cattle in Indonesia’s tropical environment.
Analyzing Public Cognition and Attitudes toward Water Infrastructure in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Y H , Fan C W , Lou J R , Chang Chien C T
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand public cognition and attitudes toward water infrastructure in Taiwan through survey responses and to further explore the relationship between the two. Results show that among the cognition variables, the percentage of correct answers given by the participants for the factor related to water infrastructure and it can impact the environment and society was the highest. As for the attitude variables, such as the exploitation of water sources and the construction of reservoirs, while the majority of the public stated that the environmental impact should be considered first, they do not agree with the government collecting additional fees from the public for the maintenance of facilities such as sewage treatment plants and pipelines. The correlation analysis shows that the correlation coefficient between the cognition and attitude variables is very low, indicating that attitudes cannot be influenced by either high or low conceptual knowledge of water infrastructure.
Risk Assessment of Mercury in Soil and Surface Water in Brgy. Santa Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan
Authors: Langcay M L , Clemente E D , Arranz C G
Published: March 2021

Mercury sources influence human health, especially in urban areas with high population density and intensive anthropogenic activities. Barangay Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa, Palawan in South-Eastern Philippines, was one of the mercury hotspots with cinnabar as a primary mineral. The mines had to close because of economic downtrends during the 1970s. Several samples were taken from the area, and concentration distribution was determined to identify potential hazard exposure. Doses contacted through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption were calculated using US EPA exposure parameters. The soil was found to be enriched in Hg with the highest Total Hg (THg) recorded at 977.70 ppm. The correlation of soil pH and Hg shows a 0.64 decrease in THg for every unit increase in pH. High THg was noted during the rainy season and tended to erode mercury-laden soil into the river. The highest risk is associated with ingestion and dermal absorption, with negligible risk through air inhalation. The samples near the abandoned quicksilver mines recorded the highest THg concentrations with a hazard index (HI) greater than 1, signifying possible adverse health risks for the nearby residents. Mercury soil contamination maps indicated sources of the contamination, which can help future studies for remediation.
Tropical Cyclone Research in Asia: Hong Kong and Macao
Authors: Lau Yui-yip , Chau Ka Yin , Dulebenets Maxim A. , Tang YM , Guan Jieqi , Ying Tam Ka
Published: March 2021

Due to climate change, the emergence of extreme weather has affected the global economic activities, human life, and the environmental sustainability. Tropical cyclones are considered as notable destructive weather systems, especially in coastal areas. This study aims to investigate the common features of the most destructive and devastating tropical cyclones in Hong Kong and Macao. A total of three representative tropical cyclones were selected for each city. The considered tropical cyclones were analyzed in terms of different attributes, including the year of occurrence, maximum wind speed, lowest pressure, total deaths, and total monetary losses. The results from the conducted analysis indicate that the costliest tropical cyclones were recorded in Hong Kong and Macao. In particular, the damages caused by typhoons Hato and Mangkhut totalled over $10 billion. Furthermore, this study discusses the need for the development of climate change mitigation strategies as well as increasing the public awareness regarding climate change and its consequences. The findings from this study can be further used by the relevant stakeholders to address the climate change effects on tropical cyclone occurrence as well as to design adaptation and resilience strategies against tropical cyclones in the forthcoming years.
Water is Not Flowing Wireless, Even in Smart Tunnels: Addressing Critical Issues for the New Stormwater and Wastewater Network in L’Aquila (Italy)
Authors: Scorzini A R , Di Bacco M , Leopardi M
Published: March 2021

As a consequence of the earthquake that struck L’Aquila (central Italy) on April 2009, the city is undergoing a complex process of reconstruction, not only aimed at the physical rehabilitation of the buildings, but also at the modernization and improvement of the utilities for an enhanced resilience and sustainability, towards the creation of a Smart City. The design of the Smart Tunnel, extending over the historical center of L’Aquila, has translated this new vision into reality. The basic idea behind the project is to collect and integrate the critical services in an underground concrete tunnel, in order to protect them from external threats and make them easily accessible and repairable, in case of disasters and/or for ordinary maintenance. This paper discusses critical hydraulic issues in the original project of the Smart Tunnel, highlighting that, for stormwater and wastewater networks, the adoption of a local design approach, without an appropriate consideration of external boundary conditions, could lead to ineffective solutions, because “water is not flowing wireless” even in Smart Tunnels.
Increase production of arachis pintoi and stenotaphrum secundatum within coconut trees by using of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF)
Authors: Rumambi A , Kaunang W B , Tangkere E S
Published: March 2021

The study was done in order to determine the effect of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) addition in the soil on plant height, fresh weight, dry matter yield and botanical composition of mixed plants of A. pintoi legume and Stenotaphrum secundatum grass within coconut trees. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this experiment, with 4 treatments as follows: T0 = 0 gr AMF, T1 = 5 gr AMF, T2 =10 gr AMF and T3 = 15 gr AMF, 5 replications each treatment. So, there were 20 of experimental units. Measurements were taken after 30 days of planting. The level of AMF showed a significantly effects (P<0.01) on all parameters among the treatments. It was found that the higher the AMF level, the taller the plant height, the heavier the fresh weight, the higher the dry matter yield and the more proportional the botanical composition of a mixture A. pintoi and S. secundatum. In short, the highest plant height, fresh weight and dry matter yield as well as the more proportional of botanical composition of A. pintoi and S. secundatum were found in the soil with application of 15 gr AMF.
The Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of an A/B Biaxial Rotary Milling Head
Authors: Tian Bin , Liang Guangshun , Zhang Yun
Published: March 2021

The biaxial rotary CNC universal milling head is an important functional part of the five-axis CNC machine tool, and its dynamic performance directly affects the machining accuracy of the machine tool. In this paper, the modal analysis and thermal error analysis of an A/B biaxial rotary milling head were carried out. The first six natural frequencies and modal shapes were obtained by the finite element method, and the modal test was carried out by LMS Test.Lab. The transient temperature field of the milling head during machining was obtained by the finite element method, and the thermal deformation experiment was carried out. The experimental results verify the validity of the finite element model within an acceptable error range. This paper provides theoretical references for the structural optimization and thermal error compensation of the A/B biaxial rotary milling head.
High Stock Removal Hard Turning of Hardened 52100 Steel with High-Pressure Coolant Applied
Authors: Song Xiaozhong , Dreussi Roman , Chaudhari Rahul G.
Published: March 2021

Hard turning experiments were conducted on hardened 52100 steel utilizing high-pressure (10.3 MPa) coolant. CBN inserts were used. The cutting conditions were investigated to obtain high stock removal with a feasible tool life on the large part hard turning process. A small thermocouple was mounted in a ground slot underneath the CBN insert tip, close to the cutting edge, to effectively measure the insert’s temperature during cutting. The cooling effect of the high-pressure coolant was evaluated by monitoring CBN insert crater wear and the time for the edge to become prematurely fractured. The temperature measurements show that the high-pressure coolant cools the insert more efficiently and has better lubrication capability leading to longer cut time without edge fracture. The study revealed that conventional low-pressure (0.4 MPa) coolant could not economically achieve high stock removal hard tuning due to high cutting temperature leading to premature fracture of the cutting edge. When using the high-pressure coolant and the optimized parameters, the tool life was enhanced by nearly 100%. The machined surface microstructure did not degrade even with the generation of very high shearing and friction heat energy in the cutting zone. Based on validation cut results and production part cycle assessment, the application of high-pressure coolant enables feasibility of high stock removal in hard turning with the ability to improve the productivity of large part rough stage turning by about 46%.
Comparison of Void Fraction on Annular and Churn Two-Phase Flow Patterns in Mini Pipe with a Slope of 15° Against Horizontal Position
Authors: Sukamta  , Sudarja  , Sundari Sri
Published: March 2021

The two-phase flow is part of a multiphase flow, where the flow can consist of gas/vapor and liquid phases, which flow simultaneously. This study aims to compare the characteristics of void fraction values in the annular and churn flow patterns that can be known from the parameters of the gas and liquid superficial velocity, the length of the flow pattern, and the frequency of the flow pattern. But, in this study, the focus is on the superficial velocity of both gas and liquid. Tests were carried out on mini pipes with a diameter of 1.6 mm and a length of 160 mm with a slope of 15° to the horizontal position. Working fluid used was air and water mixed with glycerin with a concentration of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%. Analysis of research results using the probability distribution function analysis with the help of Matlab and Microsoft Excel programs. The results showed that the comparison of the value of the void fraction of the annular and churn flow patterns was significantly influenced by several factors, namely the superficial velocity of the gas, the superficial velocity of the liquid, and the viscosity of the liquid. The higher the superficial velocity of the gas, the higher the value of the void fraction, so it tends to cause the annular flow pattern. And vice versa, the higher the superficial liquid velocity, the smaller the void fraction value will be and make the condition irregular, causing the churn flow pattern.
Structural modeling for usability attributes on technology acceptance model for smart parking mobile application
Authors: Amiruddin A , Dewi R S , Widodo E
Published: March 2021

Smart parking is a mobile application that is created to overcome parking problems, although there are many smart parking applications developed in the world, only a few have a good interface design. One of the methods to assess the quality of the interface design is by measuring the usability of the application. Also, several studies have explored the relationship between usability and TAM (Technology Acceptance Model). However, is still lacking, especially about smart parking as an object. Due to that, this study focuses on determining usability attributes in smart parking applications and also modelling that usability attributes to TAM. This study using SEM (Structural Equation Model) method for modelling the relationship between Usability and TAM. The goal is the model could be used as a guide by application developers to see what factors must be considered when designing a smart parking mobile application, and for future research, it is expected that the developed model can be used as a guide when measuring the usability of a smart parking application. This research proposed ten hypotheses and findings two hypotheses have no significant effect that would be explained furthermore in the result and discussion section.
Feature Fusion In Multimodal Emotion Recognition System For Enhancement Of Human-Machine Interaction
Authors: Veni S , Anand R , MOHAN DIVYA , PAUL ELDHO
Published: March 2021

Emotion Recognition (ER) systems is very much important for interpersonal relationship. Emotions are developed by some physiological changes. The straightforward of this effort is to discover the competence of language and facemask elements to deliver the feeling exact information for enhancing the Human-Machine interaction. The techniques and systems used in emotion detection may vary depending on the features inspected. Since both these features complement each other, combining them results in higher performance in terms of accuracy of 94.734%. The proposed system was tested on ENTERFACE’05 database and real time video. For Video, Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) and Gabor features are used.
Security of Finger Prints with Video Watermarking Techniques Based On DWT and SVD
Authors: Udaya Kumar Naluguru , Sandhya Gumasta , Bachu Srinivas
Published: March 2021

Content producers and service providers face highly important challenges in securing digital video content. As watermarking is an important copyright protection technology, this literature includes several methods of combining data into a multimedia component. Due to its increasing application, in recent watermark schemes, the Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) is used. In this text we suggest a DWT and the SVDbased hybrid system. After the image is separated into four strips, we add SVD to each strip and adjust the specific values into the same detail. Modification at all frequencies allows a framework to be established that is consistent with a broad range of threats.