bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predation cues induce predator specific changes in olfactory neurons encoding defensive responses in agile frog tadpoles
Authors: Gazzola Andrea , Ratto Daniela , Perrucci Fabio , Occhinegro Alessandra , Leone Roberta , Giammello Francesca , Balestrieri Alessandro , Pellitteri-Rosa Daniele , Rossi Paola , Brandalise Federico
Published: May 2024

Although behavioural defensive responses have been recorded several times in both laboratory and natural habitats, their neural mechanisms have seldom been investigated. To explore how chemical, water-borne cues are conveyed to the forebrain and instruct behavioural responses in anuran larvae, we conditioned newly hatched agile frog tadpoles using predator olfactory cues, specifically either native odonate larvae or alien crayfish kairomones. We expected chronic treatments to influence the basal neuronal activity of the tadpoles’ mitral cells and alter their sensory neuronal connections, thereby impacting information processing. Subsequently, these neurons were acutely perfused, and their responses were compared with the defensive behaviour of tadpoles previously conditioned and exposed to the same cues. Tadpoles conditioned with odonate cues differed in both passive and active cell properties compared to those exposed to water (controls) or crayfish cues. The observed upregulation of membrane conductance and increase in both the number of active synapses and receptor density at the postsynaptic site are believed to have enhanced their responsiveness to external stimuli. Odonate cues also affected the resting membrane potential and firing rate of mitral cells during electrophysiological patch-clamp recordings, suggesting a rearrangement of the repertoire of voltage-dependent conductances expressed in cell membranes. These recorded neural changes may modulate the induction of an action potential and transmission of information. Furthermore, the recording of neural activity indicated that the lack of defensive responses towards non-native predators is due to the non-recognition of their olfactory cues.
Exploring Salicylate Derivatives of Naproxen as DHFR Inhibitors:

A New Therapeutic Avenue in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Schlecht Syon , Gunderson Emily , Fowler Ruthie , Aguilar Takara
Published: May 2024

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of DHF to THF, which is crucial for nucleotide synthesis. It has been the target of many chemotherapy drugs, such as Methotrexate, where inhibition of DHFR slows cancer growth. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to competitively inhibit DHFR, hindering folate metabolism and cell proliferation. NSAIDs containing salicylate groups, such as diflunisal, have been shown to have the strongest binding activity. We synthesized salicylate derivatives of naproxen to explore DHFR inhibition, and characterized them through enzymatic assays and kinetics. The measured activity of DHFR allowed us to assess their binding affinity and inhibitory potency. Salicylate derivatives of naproxen emerge as promising DHFR inhibitors, offering therapeutic potential in modulating inflammatory pathways. Further optimization may yield more effective dual-targeted analogs.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Because of Actinomyces
Authors: Everett Matthew , Kheraj Anusha , Redfield Jordan , Ahmed Nazneen S. , Kumar Aneel , Kothadia Jiten P.
Published: May 2024

Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that manifests with nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. The disparity in the presentation of this condition presents a tremendous diagnostic challenge. There are few reports of Actinomyces species causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis without previous localized masses or abscesses have been published. We provide a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis secondary to Actinomyces species in a 46-year-old woman with uterine fibroids and a lack of preceding abscess. Although rare, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis because of Actinomyces should be considered in differential in female patients without pre-existing liver disease presenting with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
GEOMONITORING OF THE OPEN-PIT MINE SLOPES DURING SUBSOIL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Shults Roman , Nurpeissova Marzhan , Burlibayeva Shugyla , Umirbayeva Aliya , Turumbetov Turar
Published: May 2024

The concept of geomonitoring and its role in developing the mining industry as a case study of the development of copper and zinc deposits in central Kazakhstan ("East Saryoba" mine) has been considered. As a crucial element of the geomonitoring concept, the control of the open-pit mine's slope stability has been examined. Geomonitoring is being treated as a combination of geodetic monitoring data and geomechanical properties of the surrounding rocks to analyze the possible slopes' collapses. The refined approach of geomonitoring has been developed to provide appropriate reliability and accuracy. The technology is based on complex knowledge about the geological structure of the object of monitoring and applying state-of-the-art geodetic methods. Research on the geomechanical properties of the open-pit mine has been carried out. The results of these studies have been used to determine the collapse zones of the slopes of the open-pit mine. The limit values for the slopes' collapse zone and inclination angle for the prospective excavation regions in the open-pit mine have been calculated using the equilibrium state equation. Those values, namely, the size of the collapse zone and the slope's inclination angle, were used for the geodetic target setup. As a case study, the displacements of these targets were measured using robotic total stations placed on the control points over the geodetic network. For the installation of both geodetic equipment during the geomonitoring design and accomplishment, the authors developed the permanent measuring station construction, which provides fast and accurate centering. The first results showed that the problem of the geomonitoring design could be solved based on geomechanical rock properties accounting and their combination with the results of geodetic measurements.
STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION MONITORING AND CONTROL OF MULTI-SPAN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE CONTINUOUS BEAM BRIDGE
Authors: Zheng Xilong , Guan Di
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on the construction monitoring and control of a pre-stressed concrete continuous beam bridge, consisting of 13 spans. The goal is to ensure that the bridge structure meets the design requirements throughout the entire construction process. By comparing the theoretical and measured values of the bridge’s alignment and stress during the cantilever construction, closure, and completion phases, it can be observed that the deflection deformation of the bridge is generally in agreement with the theoretical calculations. After the completion of the entire bridge, the measured elevations of each section have an error range of -18mm to 20mm compared to the design elevations, which satisfies the specifications. A comparison analysis of the measured and theoretical stress values at the root and mid-span of the cantilever indicates that the stress difference at the root is within the range of -0.2MPa to 0.2MPa, and the stress differences at the mid-span after completion are 0.03MPa (upper) and 0.09MPa (lower), all of which meet the structural design and code requirements. By establishing a gray GM (1,1) model and using gray system theory, the deflection error during the construction process is predicted and controlled. The prediction accuracy of different methods is compared to determine a reasonable prediction method suitable for long-span pre-stressed continuous beam bridges, providing reference for similar engineering projects.
Debatten um EdTech im Wandel
Authors: Renz André
Published: May 2024

André Renz untersucht in diesem Beitrag einen wissenschaftlichen Teildiskurs über Educational Technology (EdTech). In seiner Analyse identifiziert der Autor 15 verschiedenen Faktoren, die Erwartungshaltungen an EdTech sowie das Begriffs- und Anwendungsverständnis über EdTech prägen. Im Beitrag wird u.a. herausarbeitet, dass EdTech nicht nur als Werkzeug oder Ressource zu verstehen ist, sondern eine methodische Dimension besitzt. EdTech dient damit nicht nur dazu, bestimmte Ziele in Lehr-Lern-Prozessen zu erreichen, sondern eröffnet auch neue Zugänge zur Auseinandersetzung mit der Technologie. Der Beitrag lädt Praktiker*innen dazu ein, ihr eigenes EdTech-Verständnis zu reflektieren und getroffene Annahmen an und über EdTech zu hinterfragen.
Der EdTechReflektor
Authors: Hartong Sigrid
Published: May 2024

Dieser Beitrag stellt ein konkretes Instrument vor, das pädagogische Fachkräfte für die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit und bewusste Gestaltung von EdTech nutzen können: Den EdTechReflektor. Das Instrument wurde in Kollaboration zwischen der Initiative UNBLACK THE BOX und dem Digitallabor THE BASEMENT entwickelt und kann open access auf der Seite www.unblackthebox.org abgerufen werden. Der Beitrag beschreibt nicht nur den Entstehungsprozess des Instruments, sondern zeigt auch, wie es sich konkret nutzen lässt.
NanoBiofertilizer and its Application in Sustainable Agriculture, Crop Specific Nutrients Delivery and Environmental Sustainability: A Review
Authors: Abioye Oluwaseyi Matthew , Okunola Abiodun Afolabi , Amodu Matthew Folorunsho , Olaseheinde David Ayodeji , Yusuf Kamorudeen Olaniyi
Published: May 2024

Probiotic bacteria are increasingly in demand in the food and feed industries. A growing population and finite resources require efficient ways to maximize yields. Probiotic bacteria are gaining popularity in the food and feed industries due to their unique combination of benefits and values, which include consumer health interests, sustainability values, food innovation, and potential business opportunities. The use of conventional fertilizers can increase crop production but can also cause runoff and toxicity issues. A nanobiofertilizer offers improved crop nutrition and reduces application rates. Slow-release properties minimize environmental losses while nanoscale particle size enhances nutrient absorption. If nanobiofertilizers are closely regulated, they can boost yields without destroying the soil and aquatic ecosystems. In recent years, nanobiofertilizers have received considerable attention. Plant extracts and microbes are used in green synthesis to produce eco-friendly nanoparticles. Crop-specific nutrient release can be tailored using modified nanoparticle surfaces. Controlled nutrient delivery is achieved by smart nanocarrier systems that adapt to changing soil moisture, pH, and microbial activity. Combined applications of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have been reported that they can enhance crop growth in synergy. This review presents an overview of the most recent studies on nanobiofertilizers, as well as the issues connected with their environmental implications, safety, and regulation, presenting a roadmap for the responsible use of nanobiofertilizers, which aims to enhance food security while protecting the environment for future generations.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru di Masa COVID-19 dalam Menggunakan WhatsApp Sebagai Sarana Pembelajaran
Authors: Legiman
Published: May 2024

Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam memanfaatkan WhatsApp sebagai sarana pembelajaran di masa pandemi Covid-19 di MTsN 1 Kulon Progo.
Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, dengan metode pengumpulan data dokumentasi, observasi dan tes.  Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 20 guru. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan lembar penilaian pemanfaatan WhatsApp dengan 12 indikator penilaian di dalamnya. Teknik analisis data menggunakan persentase deskriptif. Adapun indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian tindakan ini sebesar >75%.
Hasil – Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut diperoleh simpulan yaitu hasil pelaksanaan pengenalan WhatsApp kepada guru mencapai rata-rata sebesar 92,5%. Hal ini menunjukkan peneliti melaksanakan pelatihan dengan kriteria “sangat baik”. Oleh karena itu, berdasarkan hasil pelaksanaan tindakan pada siklus I sampai dengan siklus III dapat disimpulkan maksimal. Kemdian, dari 20 guru diketahui skor rata-rata penggunaan dari seluruh guru adalah sebesar 3,7, dengan hasil konversi nilai rata-rata sebesar 92,5% dan berkategori “Tinggi”. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian tindakan berupa pengenalan pemanfaatan WhatsApp kepada guru di masa Covid-19 sebagai sarana belajar ini dapat dikatakan berhasil, dan meningkatkan penguasaan guru terkait pemanfaatan WhatsApp sebagai sarana kegiatan belajar mengajar
Pengaruh Media Konkret dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika pada Siswa Kelas IV MIN 1 Gunungkidul
Authors: Setyowati Lilik
Published: May 2024

Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuai peningkatan hasil belajar bangun ruang menggunakan media kongkret pada siswa kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Gunungkidul.
Metode – Metode penelitian tindakan kelas, mengikuti model Kemmis dan Taggart, diterapkan melalui siklus perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian adalah 18 siswa kelas IV. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes hasil belajar, dan dokumentasi, dengan analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif.
Hasil – Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan hasil belajar   matematika materi bangun ruang sederhana siswa kelas IV menggunakan media konkret berupa alat peraga bangun ruang. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari adanya peningkatan nilai siswa materi bangun ruang sebelum dan sesudah diberi tindakan. Peningkatan nilai rata-ratanya yaitu dari prasiklus sebesar 78,6 siklus I sebesar 79,6 dan pada siklus II menjadi 83,2 pada rentang skor nilai 0-100. Persentase ketuntasan pada prasiklus mencapai 66,7%, siklus I mencapai 63% dan pada siklus II mencapai 87,06%. Hasil akhir diketahui bahwa semua nilai rata-rata siswa dan persentase ketuntasan siswa sudah mencapai KKM, sehingga dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui media konkret dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika materi bangun ruang sederhana siswa kelas IV MIN 1 Gunungkidul Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan media konkret dapat secara efektif meningkatkan pemahaman matematika siswa. Implikasinya meluas ke luar konteks Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Gunungkidul, menawarkan wawasan bagi pendidik global dalam mengintegrasikan metode serupa untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan matematika.
Presente e futuro da impressão 3D na Medicina e Odontologia
Authors: Della Bona Alvaro
Published: May 2024

A impressão 3D, também conhecida como manufatura aditiva (MA), está revolucionando a área da Saúde ao permitir a criação de produtos complexos, personalizados e específicos para cada paciente. Portanto, a tecnologia de impressão 3D tem feito avanços significativos nas Ciências da Saúde, impactando vários aspectos dos cuidados médicos.
Instalação de implantes com cirurgia guiada estática em pacientes parcialmente edentados: revisão de literatura
Authors: Pilger Alan , Gerzson Alexandre da Silveira , Schneider Luis Eduardo , Fernandes Eduardo de Lima , Portal Rafael Luz
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A cirurgia guiada estática é definida como o uso de uma guia cirúrgica que reproduz a posição virtual do implante com dados da tomografia computadorizada e não permite a modificação intraoperatória da posição planejada do implante. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a técnica de instalação de implantes com cirurgia guiada estática em pacientes parcialmente edêntulos, fornecer dados para orientar os profissionais em relação aos procedimentos técnicos associados e orientar, com base na literatura, as diretrizes para essa modalidade de tratamento. Métodos: Na base de dados PubMed, foram pesquisados os seguintes descritores indexados no DECS: Surgical Dental Prosthesis AND Planning AND Computer-Aided AND Surgery, Image-Guided. Foram encontrados 245 artigos e, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, com leitura dos resumos, foram selecionados para essa revisão 28 artigos para leitura na íntegra. Artigos com mais de 5 anos sobre o tema foram excluídos. Revisão: A técnica de instalação de implantes com Cirurgia Guiada estática envolve três fases de tratamento, incluindo: fase de diagnóstico (exames clínicos e complementares), fase de planejamento (desenho e fabricação da guia cirúrgica) e fase cirúrgica. Considerações finais: Os procedimentos técnicos associados são detalhistas e influenciam na precisão da técnica. Compreendendo as etapas de tratamento, as limitações e vantagens da técnica, a curva de aprendizado pode ser acelerada, permitindo ao cirurgião-dentista um fluxo de tratamento adequado.
Safety Performance Functions for Mountain Two-lane Rural Roads in Ecuador
Authors: García-Ramírez Yasmany
Published: May 2024

The two-lane rural road on mountainous roads has various design and operational challenges. This complexity could produce a road with specific geometric configurations or segments where the probability of a road accident increases. The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) offers a predictive model to detect such sites using Safety Performance Functions (SPF). These functions predict the number of road crashes at the different roadway elements and apply to all project phases. Many functions or equations have been developed worldwide; however, in Ecuador, they have not yet been estimated. Therefore, this study aims to propose Safety Performance Functions for two-lane rural roads in Ecuador in mountainous environments. To do this, design and operation variables were collected from 25 roads in the Ecuadorian Andes. The SPFs were developed with crash data from 2017-2019 and validated with information from 2020-2021. As a result, 12 SPFs were developed for three types of crashes (total, fatal + injury, property damage only) and various ranges of annual average daily traffic (AADT). These equations estimate the average expected frequency of accidents for existing conditions, alternatives for existing conditions, or proposed new road projects. This study will improve the road safety of the built roads and new projects.
Deduction and Application of the Average Switch Model in Power Electronic Devices for Simulation Time Reduction
Authors: Benavides-Córdoba Santiago , Romero-Carvajal Anamaría , Muñoz-Galeano Nicolas , Cano-Quintero Juan Bernardo , López-Lezama Jesús María
Published: May 2024

Context: Time is a crucial issue in the simulation of power electronics (PE) devices, even more when these elements are integrated into microgrids.Method: This paper deals with the deduction of the average switch model for PE devices with the purpose of reducing simulation times. For doing this, the average model is only applied over the power switches of PE devices, not being applied over the complete topology as traditionally done. The proposed average model switch permits eliminating the ripple of voltage and currents but keeping the transient of the signals. The average model switch is derived for Boost and Buck converter switches and then generalized to power inverter switches. The proposed approach is validated using OpenModelica software.Results: A system featuring a battery, a DC/DC converter, and an inverter connected to the power grid was simulated. A comparison was performed between a simulation that considers the power switches and a simulation that uses the proposed average model switch, the time simulation was reduced up to 99.788 %, which validates the proposed approach.Conclusions: The proposed average switch model significantly reduces simulation times. This method offers a promising way to streamline power electronics device simulations, particularly in the context of microgrids and other applications where time efficiency is critical.
Dobrovolná služba vlasti. Zájem o vstup do aktivní zálohy Armády ČR v době krize
Authors: Bubanec Jan
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on the motivations of candidates for service in the Active Reserve or for completing Voluntary Military Training. In the context of the ongoing war in Ukraine, people’s interest in service is sharply rising. Thus, the main research objective is to shed light on the motivations for serving in the military in the context of the proximity to potential threats, for which I used the qualitative research methods of semi-structured interview analysis, participant observation, social network analysis, and secondary data. In this article, I provide an overview of the existing research and introduce concepts through which the Active Reserve Institute can be perceived, especially the concepts of responzibilization and that of reserve soldiers being transmigrants. This article is the output of a completed bachelor thesis on the topic. It contains a cross-section of this work and its findings, which show the need for new motivation categories and how the presence of potential conflict affects the perception of defense in the eyes of society.
LM-SRPQ: Efficiently Answering Regular Path Query in Streaming Graphs
Authors: Gou Xiangyang , Ye Xinyi , Zou Lei , Yu Jeffrey Xu
Published: May 2024

Regular path query (RPQ) is a basic operation for graph data analysis, and persistent RPQ in streaming graphs is a new-emerging research topic. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for persistent RPQ in streaming graphs, named LM-SRPQ. It solves persistent RPQ with a combination of intermediate result materialization and real-time graph traversal. Compared to prior art, it merges redundant storage and computation, achieving higher memory and time efficiency. We carry out extensive experiments with both real-world and synthetic streaming graphs to evaluate its performance. Experiment results confirm its superiority compared to prior art in both memory and time efficiency.
Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluation
Authors: Gao Dawei , Wang Haibin , Li Yaliang , Sun Xiuyu , Qian Yichen , Ding Bolin , Zhou Jingren
Published: May 2024

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a new paradigm for Text-to-SQL task. However, the absence of a systematical benchmark inhibits the development of designing effective, efficient and economic LLM-based Text-to-SQL solutions. To address this challenge, in this paper, we first conduct a systematical and extensive comparison over existing prompt engineering methods, including question representation, example selection and example organization, and with these experimental results, we elaborate their pros and cons. Based on these findings, we propose a new integrated solution, named DAIL-SQL, which refreshes the Spider leaderboard with 86.6% execution accuracy and sets a new bar.

To explore the potential of open-source LLM, we investigate them in various scenarios, and further enhance their performance with supervised fine-tuning. Our explorations highlight open-source LLMs' potential in Text-to-SQL, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the supervised fine-tuning. Additionally, towards an efficient and economic LLM-based Text-to-SQL solution, we emphasize the token efficiency in prompt engineering and compare the prior studies under this metric. We hope that our work provides a deeper understanding of Text-to-SQL with LLMs, and inspires further investigations and broad applications.
“If you don’t know English, it is like there is something wrong with you.” Students’ views of language(s) in a plurilingual setting
Authors: Krogager Andersen Line , Pitkänen-Huhta Anne
Published: May 2024

Based on a repertoire-oriented stance to language learning and a broad definition of language awareness, this study investigates students’ discursive representations of the languages in their repertoires in the context of a plurilingual language awareness course (Almen Sprogforståelse). The study is based on a subset of data collected in a multi-case study focusing on language awareness across educational levels. Through an inductive and iterative thematic content analysis of interview and classroom data, the authors identify six themes central to the ways in which students talk about language: (1) language learning experiences and skills, (2) gateways, (3) attractiveness, (4) family and friendship, (5) everyday presence and (6) usefulness. The study investigates the relationship between the different themes and languages, revealing how students’ personal linguistic biographies and Spracherleben interact with classroom ideologies in shaping the ways in which students perceive and describe different languages. Despite students’ display of rich repertoires and language awareness, some languages are positioned discursively as need-to-have and others as nice-to-have or even impossible-to-opt-out-of, mirroring societal discourses surrounding these languages. In this sense, the results of the study underscore the importance of the development of critical language awareness, specifically in the context of the compulsory General Language Awareness course.
Thermal treatment impact on the evolution of active phases in layered double hydroxide-based ZnCr photocatalysts: Photodegradation and antibacterial performance
Authors: Karanovic Djurdjica , Hadnadjev-Kostic Milica , Vulic Tatjana , Markov Sinisa , Tomic Ana , Miljevic Bojan , Rajakovic-Ognjanovic Vladana
Published: May 2024

This study investigated the influence of thermal treatment on the photocatalytic performance of ZnCr layered double hydroxide-based mixed metal oxides in the degradation of methylene blue and brilliant cresyl blue organic dyes under simulated solar light irradiation. The photocatalysts were synthesized using a simple coprecipitation method and subjected to thermal treatment at temperatures ranging from 100°C to 900°C. Additionally, the study explored the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using a novel antibacterial experimental setup. It not only involved the introduction of ZnCr samples into BioPeptone/prepared cell suspension to enhance photocatalyst–bacteria cell contact but also included research on antibacterial activity induced by solar irradiation and also in the absence of light, providing crucial insights into photocatalytic antibacterial activity of ZnCr photocatalysts. Despite satisfactory efficiencies observed for all thermally treated ZnCr samples (removal efficiency ranging from 40% to 90%), ZnCr 900 (thermally treated at 900°C) exhibited exceptional performance, achieving nearly 100% removal efficiency and complete growth inhibition for both bacteria. Integrating these findings with structural and textural characterization data, as well as kinetic studies, our comprehensive analysis enhances the understanding of structure-dependent photocatalytic activities. These insights open possibilities for the application of ZnCr photocatalysts in water purification and environmental remediation.
The planning method of new energy distribution network in plateau area based on local accommodation
Authors: Wu Wanjun , Zhang Min , Mo Changming , Cao Yi , Chai Shaobo
Published: May 2024

The planning method of new energy distribution network in plateau area based on local accommodation is studied to improve the local accommodation capacity of new energy distribution network in plateau area. The framework of new energy distribution network planning in the plateau area is constructed, and the distribution network equipment suitable for the plateau environment is selected based on the harsh environment in the plateau area; in the framework of new energy distribution network planning in plateau area, a bi-level planning model considering multi-flexible resource coordinated scheduling and energy storage is established. The upper level planning model takes the maximum accommodation of new energy as the objective, and the lower level planning model takes the optimal daily operation benefit of energy storage under the given configuration as the optimization objective; the probabilistic power flow method and C-PSO are used to solve the bi-level model. The experiment shows that this method ensures the stability of the new energy distribution network in the plateau area, reduces the amount of abandoned wind energy and the operating cost, and improves the local accommodation capacity of the core higher than the distribution network.
Morphosyntactic stereotypes of speakers with different genders and sexual orientations: an experimental investigation
Authors: Posio Pekka , Kachel Sven , Uclés-Ramada Gloria
Published: May 2024

Previous research has identified differences in language use between speakers representing different genders and sexual orientations, as well as stereotypical beliefs about the existence of such differences. The present paper investigates such stereotypical beliefs among speakers of two varieties of Spanish and explores whether linguistic stereotypes of gender and sexual orientation are stronger in a society with more conservative gender roles. We conducted an experiment where 252 speakers of European and Mexican Spanish were shown pairs of texts and sentences depicting the same event but differing in the use of morphosyntactic resources, creating stereotypically “masculine” and “feminine” variants of the same text or sentence. The informants were asked which of the variants was more likely uttered by a woman (rather than a man), a lesbian woman (rather than a straight woman), or a gay man (rather than a straight man). Some of the morphosyntactic features were strongly associated with speaker gender (e.g., use of first- and second-person singular) and others with lesbian (e.g., use of impersonal structures) or gay speakers (e.g., direct reported speech). Contrary to expectations, the responses did not differ according to informants’ age, gender, or nationality. While the present study did not reveal any differences between the two societies, more cross-linguistic and cultural research is needed to elucidate the effect of society on morphosyntactic variation and stereotypes thereof.
The past is the future: from natural acid-base indicators to natural reagents in sustainable analytical chemistry
Authors: Suteerapataranon Siripat , Kiwfo Kanokwan , Woi Pei Meng , Saenjum Chalermpong , Grudpan Kate
Published: May 2024

This article reviews the use of natural resources in analytical chemistry throughout history. Plant extracts were employed as indicators in chemistry for identifying the acidity or alkalinity of liquids as early as the 1650s. Later, as the industrial revolution altered people’s lives, synthetic chemicals were used instead. Modern techniques of analysis have replaced conventional ones as a result of advancements in physics and technology. The industrial revolution was an era of excitement until the toxic pollutants released from industries severely damaged people and the environment. The concepts of green chemistry and green analytical chemistry were proposed as potential solutions to the problems. The use of natural extracts as chemical analysis reagents has been reconsidered recently as a sustainable alternative. While new technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) will influence future trends in analytical chemistry development, the primary goal is to move toward sustainable analytical chemistry, which includes using natural reagents and reducing the amount of chemicals consumed and waste produced.
Prediction of water absorption of recycled coarse aggregate based on deep learning image segmentation
Authors: Wei Yixing , Fang Huaiying , Yang Jianhong , Tan Guoyi , Huang Feizhi
Published: May 2024

To quickly measure the water absorption (WA) of Recycled Coarse Aggregates (RCA), we utilize a detection platform designed for RCA to collect two-dimensional images. Utilizing the RCA-net network, we segment the areas of the mortar and aggregate on the RCA surface. Segmentations allow us to extract critical parameters for characterizing the quality of RCA, the proportion of mortar area (PMA). Subsequently, we construct three regression functions between PMA and WA. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed segmentation method effectively separates both adhered particles of RCA and distinct areas of mortar and aggregate on RCA surfaces. Next, sprinkling water on RCA surfaces can enhance the accuracy of the segmentation. Notably, within particle size ranges of 5–10 mm, 10–20 mm, and 20–31.5 mm, we all observed a significant linear relationship between PMA and WA. We used those linear relationships and the equivalent mass of RCA detected by the image method in each particle size range to construct the prediction model of water absorption. According to the validation result of 24 groups RCA, this model’s maximum relative error of RCA water absorption predicted value was 10.6 %. The detection time of this method is short, and the detection time of 2 kg RCA is 3.8 min, with an average computation time per image of merely 0.659 s. This efficiency fulfills the requirements for real-time industrial inspection.
Seashells and sound waves: modelling soundscapes in Chacoan great-house communities
Authors: Van Dyke Ruth M. , Primeau K.E. , Throgmorton Kellam , Witt David E.
Published: May 2024

Humans inhabit rich social and physical worlds and archaeology is increasingly engaging with the multi-sensory experience of life in the past. In this article, the authors model the soundscapes of five Chacoan communities on the Colorado Plateau, where habitation sites cluster around monumental great houses. The work demonstrates that the audible range of a conch-shell trumpet blown from atop these great houses consistently maps the distribution of associated habitation sites. Staying within the audible reach of great houses may have helped maintain the social cohesion of communities in the past which, the authors argue, also has implications for the management of archaeological landscapes in the modern world.
Train in Pain: A Review of Exercise Benefits and Application for Individuals With Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Wilson Abigail T. , Lyons Kaitlyn , Yapp-Shing Christian , Hanney William J.
Published: May 2024

Exercise is a safe and recommended treatment for individuals experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain. After receiving medical clearance, strength and conditioning practitioners and clinicians may prescribe exercise for clients with comorbid pain conditions, representing a unique challenge in determining the appropriate exercise prescription. Although exercise is a recommended intervention for pain, pain can also act as a key barrier to exercise participation because of associated increases in pain intensity or location during activity. In addition, biopsychosocial factors integral to the pain experience may affect response to exercise and should be considered when developing an exercise plan of care for this population. Strength and conditioning professionals may also consider the role of contextual factors in the delivery of exercise, such as expectations for pain relief and therapeutic alliance. This narrative review provides an overview of the current evidence regarding exercise for individuals with musculoskeletal pain.
Türkçe Web Sitelerindeki Bruksizm ile İlgili Hasta Bilgilendirme Metinlerinin Okunabilirlik ve İçerik Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Aktı Ahmet , Dolunay Uğur , Gürses Gökhan
Published: May 2024

Amaç: Teknolojideki gelişmeler ile bireylerin daha önce ulaşamadığı yada bulunması zor olan bilgilere ulaşabilmesi günümüzde artık daha da kolaylaşmıştır . İnternet; bilgiye hızlı ve ucuz bir şekilde erişmenin ve paylaşmanın en geçerli yoludur. Sağlık bilgileri de internette en çok aranan konulardan biridir. Bu çalışmada Türkçe web sitelerindeki bruksizm ile ilgili hasta bilgilendirme metinlerin okunabilirlik ve içerik açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metod: Metinlerin okunabilirlik düzeyini belirlemek için Ateşman okunabilirlik indeksi kullanılırken, içerik değerlendirmesi bruksizmin tanımı, etiyolojisi, klinik tipleri, tanı ve tedavisi ile ilgili genel sorularla değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizi için SPSS 23 istatistik paket programından yararlanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında 161 web sitesi incelenmiş olup bunlardan 100 tanesi değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Arama dağılımında özel diş klinikleri (%78,2) daha fazla ön plana çıkmıştır. Yapılan istatiksel analize göre web sitelerinin okunabilirlik verilerinde % 85’inin orta zorlukta, %10’nun zor % 5’inin kolay olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca web sitelerindeki hasta bilgilendirme metinlerinin genelinde; bruksizmin etiyolojisi ve hangi sebeplerle oluştuğu (%62), klinik formları (%68), teşhis (%58) ve tedavisine (%55) yönelik bilgilerin yetersiz olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Hasta bilgilendirme metinleri hazırlanırken toplumumuzun sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyi göz önüne alınıp daha kolay okunabilen ve anlaşılır metinler hazırlanmalıdır. Kamu kurumları da bu metinleri internette yayınlanmadan önce denetlemeli, gerekli düzeltmeleri ilgililere iletmeli ve düzeltmeler sonrasında yayınlanmasına izin vermelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: bruksizm, internet, okunabilirlik, sağlık bilgisi
Caregiver and Child Mental Health During 3 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Price Anna M.H. , Measey Mary-Anne , Hoq Monsurul , Rhodes Anthea , Goldfeld Sharon
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns (stay-at-home orders) had significant mental health consequences in 2020 to 2021 for caregivers and children. Little is known about “postlockdown” periods in 2022 to 2023. We investigated the mental health experiences of Australian families throughout the 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023), by demographic characteristics and lockdown length.

METHODS

A total N = 12 408 caregivers (N = 20 339 children, aged 0–17 years) completed Australia’s only representative, repeated, cross-sectional, National Child Health Poll across 6 waves (June 2020–April 2023). Caregivers reported mental health for themselves (Kessler-6, poor versus not) and each child (self-rated mental health, poor/fair versus good/very good/excellent), and perceived impacts of the pandemic on own/child mental health (negative versus none/positive). Binary logistic models were fitted to predict marginal probabilities of each mental health measure by state/territory group (proxy for lockdown length), over time, adjusted for potential demographic confounders.

RESULTS

Poor caregiver Kessler-6 was similar between genders but more common for sole caregivers, and those with a home language other than English and lower education. Poor/fair child self-rated mental health was similar between genders and increased with child age. Perceived negative impacts were more common for females and socially advantaged caregivers. Overall, negative mental health experiences increased with lockdown length, peaking with the height of lockdown in July 2021, before declining.

CONCLUSIONS

Negative mental health experiences of Australian caregivers and children decreased during postlockdown periods of 2022–2023; however, social gradients persisted. These data can inform more precise mental health policies that enable better use of limited mental health infrastructure.
Conocimiento etnobotánico, distribución potencial y geográfica del mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) en el páramo altoandino, Colombia
Authors: Oliva Burbano Johanna Nataly , Luna-Cabrera Gloria Cristina , Delgado-Vargas Iván A. , Usama Hidalgo Eduin Yamid
Published: May 2024

Introducción. El mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) enfrenta una erosión genética significativa debido a la presión antrópica en los páramos, lo que ha llevado a la pérdida gradual del conocimiento tradicional del mortiño. En Colombia, la falta de registros específicos ha dificultado la identificación de las especies asociadas, así como la comprensión de la distribución y las condiciones de vida de esta planta en el territorio. Objetivo. Construir un modelo de distribución geográfica y potencial del mortiño, además de cuantificar la diversidad vegetal y analizar las especies asociadas, junto con los usos e importancia de la especie en su contexto de vida. Materiales y métodos. Se implementó una metodología de investigación acción participativa, con encuestas, entrevistas, recorridos de campo con la comunidad y talleres participativos. Para desarrollar los mapas de distribución, se emplearon los programas ArcGIS 10.5 y MaxEnt 3.4.4. Los índices de diversidad biológica, como Shannon-Weiner y Simpson, junto con el valor de importancia, se determinaron para evaluar la riqueza de especies. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el corregimiento El Encano, Nariño-Colombia, durante el año 2021. Resultados. La comunidad resaltó el uso del mortiño en alimentación y medicina tradicional. Se identificaron 21 especies asociadas, siendo el helecho (Blechnum loxense (Kunth)) la más importante. La distribución de V. floribundum se atribuye a condiciones climáticas favorables, con temperaturas entre 8 y 16 °C y un gradiente altitudinal de 2800 a 3200 m s. n. m.  Conclusiones. El estudio reveló dos ecosistemas propicios para el mortiño: el bosque altoandino y el páramo. El índice de valor de importancia destaca al helecho como la especie más representativa asociada al mortiño, información valiosa para la conservación y manejo sostenible de estos ecosistemas en la región.
Host suitability for germination differs from that of later stages of development in a rare epiphytic orchid
Authors: González-Orellana Normandie , Salazar Mendoza Aragne , Tremblay Raymond L. , Ackerman James D.
Published: May 2024

We explore phorophyte suitability for germination and establishment of the epiphytic orchid, Psychilis kraenzlinii. We found that the orchid grows on a subset of the available tree species and shows preference for the endemic Machaonia portoricensis (Rubiaceae). The orchid preferred trees with smoother bark with high water holding capacity and low water retention capacity. Microclimatic conditions under which embryos began pre-germination stages mirrored that of the adult orchid, but germination did not, suggesting that suitable germination sites are not necessarily the best sites for later stages of development.
2D equivalent linear ground response analysis for randomized site profiles
Authors: Chala Ayele , Ray Richard
Published: May 2024

Local soil conditions play a crucial role in shaping ground surface responses and impacting the intensity of ground shaking. In this study, the influence of different site profiles on computed ground motion was investigated using a 2D equivalent linear analysis approach. Four distinct site profiles: sand, clay, sand-clay-sand-clay, and clay-sand-clay-sand profiles were considered. The results were presented using multiple metrics, including surface acceleration, displacement, modulus decreasing ratio, and coherence analysis. Notably, the clay profile significantly influenced ground motion, while the sand profile exhibited relatively lower seismic activity. This suggests that softer sites significantly influence ground motion, leading to potentially high levels of shaking.
PERSEPSI CIVITAS AKADEMIKA TENTANG LGBT DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA SERTA UPAYA DALAM MENANGKAL PERTUMBUHANNYA DI LINGKUNGAN KAMPUS
Authors: Novianti Linda , Rahmadika Sarah , Rahayu Wati
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research aims to determine the perception of the academic community towards LGBT in the campus environment, LGBT from the perspective of Islamic Law and Human Rights, as well as efforts to prevent the growth of LGBT in the campus environment. The method used in this research is qualitative, with data collection techniques through interviews and literature studies from relevant books, laws and articles. The research results show a diversity of views among the academic community towards LGBT. These diverse perceptions affect social relations in the campus environment and create challenges in achieving inclusivity. As for Islamic law, same-sex relationships are considered to violate religious norms based on the interpretation of the verses of the Koran and al-Hadith. Meanwhile, from a human rights perspective in Indonesia, LGBT people have their human rights protected, including the right to health, as regulated in Article 25 of the UDHR. However, it should be noted that protecting the human rights of LGBT people is not always related to the recognition or legalization of sexual orientations that are considered deviant. This perspective is reflected in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. Then, efforts to prevent the growth of LGBT in the campus environment can be carried out through seminars, campaigns regarding the impact of LGBT, as well as building collaboration with NGOs to formulate firm policies regarding the negative impact of LGBT.
Enhancing Students' Preparation for Math Exams using the Advanced Features of the Halomda Platform
Authors: Slobodsky Philip , Durcheva Mariana , Kugel Leonid
Published: May 2024

This paper highlights the new enhancements of the Halomda platform designed to improve students' learning and exam preparation. The new features include a Graph Plotter, Algebraic Calculator and Context ChatGPT Recommended Key Guidelines. The use of these features is demonstrated though
a working example of solving a double integral, illustrating how students' self-preparation for mathematics exams is supported by interactive context feedback. In addition, the system's ability to check intermediate steps of a solution, complemented by graphing, comparison of algebraic equivalence
of algebraic operations, and guided AI bot assistance, contributes to an enriched learning experience and improved self-assessment for students. In case of insufficient understanding of the solution, the AI chat can be consulted for further clarification. Since the solution in the "Help"
mode is developed by the teacher who prepared the test paper, in case of misunderstanding, the student can turn to external sources, and the fastest way is the AI chat.