bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of ER-Positive Breast Cancer Tumors Identified as Ultralow Risk by the 70-Gene Signature in a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Johansson Annelie , Yu Nancy Yiu-Lin , Iftimi Adina , Tobin Nicholas P. , Veer Laura van't , Nordenskjöld Bo , Benz Christopher C. , Fornander Tommy , Perez-Tenorio Gizeh , Stål Olle , Esserman Laura , Yau Christina , Lindström Linda S.
Published: December 2020

BackgroundBreast cancer tumors are heterogenous, including their metastatic potential and time to distant metastasis. Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors have a continuous long-term risk of fatal disease decades after diagnosis. Recently, ER-positive breast cancer patients classified as having ultralow risk tumors by the 70-gene expression signature (MammaPrint) were associated with a minimal risk of fatal disease. However, the underlying tumor characteristics of ultralow risk tumors are unknown.MethodsSecondary analysis of the Stockholm tamoxifen randomized trial (STO-3, 1976-1990) enrolling postmenopausal lymph node-negative breast cancer patients. Immunohistochemistry of the clinically used breast cancer markers (n=727 patients) and gene expression profiling by Agilent microarrays (n=652 patients) were performed in 2014. Ultralow risk tumors, identified by the 70-gene signature, were compared to other ER-positive tumors (of low/high risk) and Luminal A and B PAM50 subtype tumors (ER-positive, low/high risk) by the clinical markers and multi-gene modules, representative of specific biological processes and pathways, using Fisher’s exact test. Furthermore, differential gene expression analysis was performed contrasting ultralow risk tumors to other ER-positive tumors (of low/high risk) using t-statistics and false discovery rate (FDR).ResultsUltralow risk tumors were significantly (P<0.05) more likely to be of smaller tumor size, lower tumor grade, progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative and Ki-67-low. Moreover, several multi-gene modules were significantly differentially expressed in ultralow risk tumors, including AKT/mTOR, proliferation-marker AURKA, HER2/ERBB2, IGF1, PTEN-loss, PI3KCA-mutations, and immune response-modules IMMUNE1 and STAT1. Furthermore, ultralow risk tumors showed significantly (FDR<0.001) lower expression of genes involved in the immune response, histone modulation, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and higher expression of homeobox genes and genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, among others.ConclusionsUltralow risk tumors have significantly different tumor characteristics compared to other ER-positive tumors. Identifying clinical and biological characteristics of low-risk tumors is important to improve our understanding of non-fatal versus fatal breast cancer.Trial registrationThe trial center for the STO-3 trial was the Regional Cancer Center Stockholm-Gotland in Sweden. However, the start of the trial in 1976 was well before trial registration started in Sweden, therefore information on trial number is not available.
Single Cell RNA-seq Data and Bulk Gene Profiles Reveal a Novel Signature of Disease Progression in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Zeng Zhiyong , Lin Junfang , Zhang Kejie , Guo Xizhe , Zheng Xiaoqiang , Yang Apeng , Chen Junmin
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe development of multiple myeloma (MM) is considered to involve a multistep transformation process, but the role of cytogenetic abnormalities and molecular alterations in determining the cell fate of multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. Here, we have analyzed single cell RNA-seq data and bulk gene profiles to reveal a novel signature associated with MM development.MethodsThe scRNA-seq data from GSE118900 was used to profile the transcriptomes of cells from MM patients at different stages. Pseudotemporal ordering of the single cells was performed using Monocle package to feature distinct transcriptomic states of the developing MM cells. The bulk microarray profiles fromGSE24080 and GSE9782 were applied to identify a signature associated with MM development.ResultsThe 597 cells were divided into 7 clusters according to different risk levels. They were initiated mainly from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), newly diagnosed MM (NDMM), or relapsed and/or refractory myeloma (RRMM) with cytogenetically favorable t(11;14), moved towards the cells from smoldering MM (SMM) or NDMM without t(11;14) or t(4;14), and then finally to cells from SMM or RRMM with t(4;14). Based on the markers identified in the late stage, the bulk data was used to develop a 20-gene signature stratifying patients into high and low-risk groups (GSE24080: HR = 3.759, 95% CI 2.746-5.145; GSE9782: HR = 2.612, 95% CI 1.894-3.603), which was better than the previously published gene signatures (EMC92, UAMS70, and UAMS17) and International Staging System. The 20 genes were further verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction using samples obtained from the patients with MM.ConclusionsOur comprehensive analyses offered new insights in MM development, and established a 20-gene signature as an independent biomarker for MM.
Research on Traffic Analysis System Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Xie Feng , Wei Dongxue , Wang Zhencheng
Published: December 2020

With the rapid development of computer and mobile networks, the high frequency of network usage has caused a burst growth in the traffic of routers. At the same time, due to the rise of smart home, the network traffic formed by the aggregation of sensor data is also increasing. Traffic outbreaks form mixed network types, and network viral, worms, network theft, and malicious attacks are also involved. How to distinguish traffic type, block malicious traffic and effectively use the sensor data of smart home attracts more and more attention.
A Blockchain-Assisted Framework for Secure and Reliable Data Sharing in Distributed Systems
Authors: Guo Yu , Wang Shenling , Huang Jianhui
Published: December 2020

The explosive growth of big data is pushing forward the paradigm of cloud-based data store today. Among other, distributed storage systems are widely adopted due to their superior performance and continuous availability. However, due to the potentially wide attacking surfaces of the public cloud, outsourcing data store inevitably raises new concerns on user privacy exposure and unauthorized data access. Besides, directly introducing a centralized third-party authority for query authorization management is not work because it still can be compromised.
In this paper, we propose a blockchain-assisted framework that can support trustworthy data sharing services. In particular, data owners allow to outsource their sensitive data to distributed systems in encrypted form. By leveraging smart contracts of blockchain, a data owner can distribute secret keys for authorized users without extra round interaction to generate the permitted search tokens. Meanwhile, such blockchain-assisted framework naturally solves the trust issues of query authorization. Besides, we devise a secure local index framework to support encrypted keyword search with forward-privacy and mitigate blockchain overhead. To validate our design, we implement the prototype and deploy it at Amazon Cloud. Extensive experiments demonstrate the security, efficiency, and effectiveness of the design.
Anticoagulation in Patients With a Femoral Neck Fracture: Evaluating Daily Practice.
Authors: Rijckevorsel Veronique A.J.I.M. van , Jong Louis de , Klem Taco M.A.L. , Kuijper Tjallingius M. , Roukema Gert R.
Published: December 2020

Background: Geriatric hip fracture patients are fragile and mostly suffering from multiple comorbidities, such as cognitive or cardiovascular disease, in which the use of antiplatelet therapy or vitamin K antagonists is common. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of antiplatelet therapy and vitamin K antagonists on perioperative care and patient outcome after hip hemiarthroplasty in daily practice.Methods: Patients with a femoral neck fracture requiring hip hemiarthroplasty were included in the study. Data were extracted from a prospective hip fracture database and completed by retrospective review of the hospital records at two level II trauma centers between January 1st 2010 and May 16th 2016. Results: 907 patients (68% female) were included, with a median age of 84 (IQR 78-88), of which 415 (46%) used any sort of anticoagulation. Anticoagulation medication was associated with more packed cell supplementation; 0.33 units (±0.88) vs. 0.15 units (±0.61) (P=<0.001). Also, more hematoma’s were found for patients with anticoagulation, 19.5% versus 11.4%, P= 0.001. Patients using vitamin K antagonists needed more days to be ready for discharge compared to patients without anticoagulation, 5.5 days (4-9) versus 4 days (3-7), P = < 0.001.There was no significant difference in 30-day or 1-year mortality after surgery, nor in time to surgery. Conclusion: Patients using any sort of anticoagulation are in need of more packed cell supplementation, develop more hematomas and need more days to be ready for discharge, compared to patients without anticoagulation use. Also prolonged time to surgery was found for patients using vitamin K antagonists.
The impact of introducing ambulance and delivery fees in a rural hospital in Tanzania.
Authors: Vossius Corinna , Md Estomih , Moshiro Robert , M Paschal , Kvaløy Jan Terje , Kidanto Hussein , Lyanga Sara , Ersdal Hege
Published: December 2020

Background: Access to health care facilities is a key requirement to enhance safety for mothers and newborns during labour and delivery. Haydom Lutheran Hospital (HLH) is a regional hospital in rural Tanzania with a catchment area of about two million inhabitants. Up to June 2013 ambulance transport and delivery at HLH were free of charge, while a user fee for both services was introduced from January 2014. We aimed to explore the impact of introducing user fees on the population of women giving birth at HLH in order to document potentially unwanted consequences in the period after introduction of fees . Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from a prospective observational study. Data was compared between the period before introduction of fees from February 2010 through June 2013 and the period after from January 2014 through January 2017. Logistic regression modelling was used to construct risk-adjusted variable-life adjusted display (VLAD) and cumulative sum (CUSUM) plots to monitor changes. Results: A total of 28,601 births were observed. The monthly number of births was reduced by 17.3% during the post-introduction period. Spontaneous vaginal deliveries were registered less frequently, while labour complication and caesarean sections were more frequent. There was a reduction of newborns with birth weight less than 2500 grams. The observed changes were stable over time. For most variables, a significant change could be detected after a few weeks. Conclusion: After the introduction of ambulance and delivery fees an increase in labour complications and caesarean sections of about 80 per 1000 births and a decrease in non-cephalic presentations and newborns with low birthweight of about 17 per 1000 births each was observed. This might indicate that women delay the decision to seek skilled birth attendance or do not seek help at all, possibly due to financial reasons. Lower rates of births in a safe health care facility like HLH is of great concern, as access to skilled birth attendance is a key requirement in order to further reduce perinatal mortality. Therefore, free delivery care should be a high priority.
Mental health planning at a very early stage of the COVID-19 crisis: A systematic review of online international strategies and recommendations
Authors: Almeda Nerea , Garcia-Alonso Carlos R. , Salvador-Carulla Luis
Published: December 2020

Background: Mental health care systems have been dramatically affected by COVID-19. Containment measures have been imposed, with negative consequences on population mental health. Therefore, an increase in both symptomatology and mental disorder incidence is expected. This research aims to identify, describe and assess the empirical background on online strategies and recommendations developed by international organizations and governments to cope with the psychological impact of COVID-19 at a very early stage of the pandemic. Methods: The PRISMA guidelines were adapted to review online documents. A new questionnaire was developed to identify the existence of common patterns in the selected documents. Questions were classified into three domains: COVID-19 information, mental health strategies and mental health recommendations. A two-step cluster analysis was carried out to highlight underlying behaviours in the data (patterns). The results are shown as spider graphs (pattern profiles) and conceptual maps (multidimensional links between questions). Results: Twenty-six documents were included in the review. The questionnaire analysed document complexity and identified their common key mental health characteristics (i.e., does the respondent have the tools for dealing with stress, depression and anxiety?). Cluster analysis highlighted patterns from the questionnaire domains. Strong relationships between questions were identified, such as psychological tips for maintaining good mental health and coping with COVID-19 (question nº 4), describing some psychological skills to help people cope with anxiety and worry about COVID-19 (question nº 6) and promoting social connection at home (question nº 8). Conclusions: When fast results are needed to develop health strategies and policies, rapid reviews associated with statistical and graphical methods are essential. The results obtained from the proposed analytical procedure can be relevant to a) classify documents according to their complexity in structuring the information provided on how to cope with the psychological impact of COVID-19, b) develop new documents according to specific objectives matching population needs, c) improve document design to face unforeseen events, and d) adapt new documents to local situations. In this framework, the relevance of adapting e-mental health procedures to community mental health care model principles was highlighted, although some problems related to the digital gap must be considered.
IL-19 Induced by IL-13/IL-17A in the Nasal Epithelium of Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Upregulates MMP-9 Expression via ERK/NF-kB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Xia , Huang Jiancong , Chen Xiaohong , Lai Xiaoping , Huang Zizhen , Li Yue , Li Shuaixiang , Chang Lihong , Zhang Gehua
Published: December 2020

Background: Tissue remodeling is a crucial characteristic of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is crucial for the pathologic tissue remodeling in CRS. Elevation of interleukin (IL)-19 or MMP-9 levels in patients with CRS had been proven in previous studies. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of IL-19 in mediating MMP-9 expression in CRS. Methods: Nasal tissue samples were collected from 45 individuals having chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), 24 CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 17 controls. Expression of IL-19, its receptors (IL-20R1/IL-20R2), and MMP-9 were investigated using RT-qPCR and Immunofluorescence. Human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) were stimulated by IL-19; ERK phosphorylation, NF-kB pathway activation, and MMP-9 level were detected by RT-qPCR, ELISA, western blot and Immunofluorescence. We also explored the effect of type1/2/3 cytokines on IL-19 production by RT-qPCR, and western blot. Results: Expression levels of IL-19, its receptors (IL-20R1/IL-20R2), and MMP-9 were increased in nasal tissues from individuals with CRSwNP compared to those with CRSsNP as well as the controls. IL-19 significantly elevated the production of MMP-9 in HNECs. Furthermore, IL-19 could activate the ERK and NF-kB pathways, accompanied by increased MMP-9 production in HNECs. Conversely, both ERK and NF-kB inhibitors significantly attenuated the role of IL-19 in MMP-9 production. siRNA knockdown of IL-20R1 suppressed ERK and NF-kB pathway activation, thereby decreasing MMP-9 expression. IL-13 and IL-17A were found to stimulate IL-19 production in HNECs.Conclusion: IL-19, promoted by IL-13 and IL-17A, contributes to the upregulation of secretion of the tissue remodeling factor MMP-9 in patients with CRS.
Spatiotemporal beam self-cleaning for high-resolution nonlinear fluorescence imaging with multimode fibres
Authors: Ould-Moussa Nawell , Mansuryan Tigran , Hage Charles-Henri , Fabert Marc , Krupa Katarzyna , Tonello Alessandro , Ferraro Mario , Leggio Luca , Zitelli Mario , Mangini Fabio , Niang Alioune , Millot Guy , Papi Massimiliano , Wabnitz Stefan , Couderc Vincent
Published: December 2020

Beam self-cleaning (BSC) in graded-index (GRIN) multimode fibres (MMFs) has been recently reported by different research groups. Driven by the interplay between Kerr effect and beam self-imaging, BSC counteracts random mode coupling, and forces laser beams to recover a quasi-single mode profile at the output of GRIN fibres. Here we show that the associated self-induced spatiotemporal reshaping allows for improving the performances of nonlinear fluorescence microscopy and endoscopy using multimode optical fibres. We experimentally demonstrate that the beam brightness increase, induced by self-cleaning, enables two and three-photon imaging of biological samples with high spatial resolution. Temporal pulse shortening accompanying spatial beam clean-up enhances the output peak power, hence the efficiency of nonlinear imaging. We also show that spatiotemporal supercontinuum generation is well-suited for large-band nonlinear fluorescence imaging in visible and infrared domains. We substantiated our findings by multiphoton fluorescence imaging in both microscopy and endoscopy configurations.
Thukydides als Therapeut? Berthold Beitz, Golo Mann und Das Geheimnis der Freiheit
Authors: Steffensen Nils
Published: December 2020

Die Studie untersucht die Rezeption des Thukydides und deren geschichtspolitische Funktion in Dror Zahavis Biopic Das Geheimnis der Freiheit (2020), das vom Scheitern der 1974 von Berthold Beitz bei Golo Mann in Auftrag gegebenen Biographie über Alfried Krupp v. Bohlen und Halbach erzählt. In dem Film werden – so die These – bundesrepublikanische Kontroversen über Modi des Umgangs mit dem Nationalsozialismus (re-)inszeniert. Dieses Thema besitzt wegen gesellschaftlicher Wandlungsprozesse auch in der Gegenwart, in der sich die Frage nach der Stellung des Nationalsozialismus im Geschichtsbewusstsein neu stellt, eine hohe gesellschaftsdidaktische Relevanz. Als zentrale Argumentationsfigur der Protagonisten im Film dient ein zum Sprichwort mutierter Satz aus dem Epitaphios des Perikles (Thuk. 2,43,4). Die Untersuchung weist nach, wie der Film bei der Nutzung des Zitats in Bezug auf Beitz’ Biographie eine Deutungstradition fortschreibt, die Berthold Beitz selbst begründet hat und die von seinem Biographen Joachim Käppner und Bundespräsident Joachim Gauck in das kulturelle Gedächtnis der Bundesrepublik eingeführt worden ist. Es zeigt sich, dass Das Geheimnis der Freiheit seine geschichtspolitischen Ziele nur durch eine fundamentale Manipulation am Wortlaut des Thukydides erreicht, damit jedoch seine erkenntnistheoretischen Prämissen und sein Plädoyer für Professionalität im Umgang mit der Geschichte konterkariert. Der Name des Thukydides, dessen Autorität der Film als historiographische Instanz in Anspruch nimmt, wird so zu einem Etikett ohne Substanz. Durch die unsachgemäße Berufung auf sein Werk werden überdies effektivere, in der deutschen Geschichtskultur angelegte Zugänge zur Debatte über die künftige Bedeutung der nationalsozialistischen Vergangenheit blockiert. Perspektiven für eine konstruktive Rezeption des Thukydides im gesellschaftlichen Diskurs über die Geschichte sieht der Aufsatz im Verzicht auf das Konzept einer historia magistra vitae, das auf der Einebnung von Alteritäten zwischen Vergangenheit und Gegenwart fußt, sowie in der Nutzung des Reflexionspotentials, das Thukydides’ Darstellung bietet und das auch in seinem „Methodenkapitel“ (1,20-3) eingefordert wird. Zumindest auf diese Weise besitzt Thukydides eine orientierungsstiftende Aktualität für die Bundesrepublik.
Determinant factors of Indonesian muslim behavior in choosing halal products
Authors: Gojali Dudang , Suci Asih Vemy
Published: December 2020

This research aims to examine the factors influencing the Indonesian Muslim community’s actions in choosing halal items. This objective is accomplished by evaluating the factors of variable creation that affect halal product selection. 183 Muslim respondents in Indonesia collected data for the study by filling out questionnaires. There are nine variables in the questionnaire survey segment: personal social perception, halal certification, halal awareness, trust, subjective norms, satisfaction, attitude, religiosity, and interest. Data were obtained based on participants’ availability and willingness to participate in selecting the questionnaire. The approach used is quantitative descriptive, namely, factor analysis, to determine the factors that form variables. One of the most important results is that the nine variables were selected to create an element that significantly influences people’s behavior in choosing halal items. Next are satisfaction, personal social perception, subjective norms, attitude, halal certification, interest, trust, and halal awareness. The religiosity variable results give the most significant contribution of importance in shaping the variables.
AcknowledgmentAuthors acknowledge the Covenant Faculty of Economics and Business of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, who has supported this research.
Obtaining and Characterization of Alhagi persarum Boiss. et Buhse Callus Cell Cultures, Isoflavonoid Producers
Authors: Коchkin D.V. , Sobolkovа G.I. , Fоmеnkov А.А. , Sidorov R.А. , Nоsоv А.М.
Published: December 2020

The physiological characteristics of the callus cell cultures of Alhagi persarum Boiss et Buhse, a member of the legume family, widely used in folk medicine, have been studied. It was shown that the source of the explant was an important factor in the initiation of callusogenesis: more intense callusogenesis (almost 100%) was observed for explants from various organs of sterile seedlings, rather than intact plants (less than 30%). As a result, more than 20 lines of morphologically different callus cell cultures were obtained, and the growth parameters for the 5 most intensively growing lines were determined. The composition of fatty acids (FA) of total lipids and secondary metabolites in the most physiologically stable callus line Aр-207 was analyzed. Using capillary gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GLC-MS), 19 individual C12--C24 FAs were identified, the main fraction of which were palmitic (~ 23%), stearic (~ 22%), linoleic (~ 14%) and α-linolenic (~ 33%) acids. The established atypical ratio of FAs (a simultaneous high content of both saturated FAs and polyunsaturated α-linolenic acid) is possibly due to the adaptation of cells to in vitro growth conditions. Phytochemical analysis of the secondary metabolites was carried out using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (UPLC MS). Compounds belonging to different structural groups of isoflavones were found. Aglycones (calycosin, formononetin and afrormosin isomer), glucosides (formononetin glucoside), as well as esters of glucosides (malonylglycosides of calicosin, formononetin, afrormosin isomers, glycitein and genistein) were detected. These secondary metabolites are widespread in plants of the Fabaceae family; however, isoflavones are rare in representatives of the Alhagi genus. The presence of malonylated isoflavone glycosides in Alhagi spp. was shown for the first time.

endemic plant species, Alhagi, in vitro cell culture, callus cell culture, isoflavones, fatty acids

All studies were carried out using the equipment of the "Experimental Biotechnological Facility" and the "All-Russian Collection of Cell Cultures of Higher Plants" of IРР RAS. This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), contract no.18-54-06021 (Az_a), and the Government of the Russian Federation, Megagrant Project no. 075-15-2019-1882.
New Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the BTC1 gene of Sugar Beet
Authors: Nalbandyan A.A. , Fedulova T.P. , Cherepukhina I.V. , Kryukova T.I. , Mikheeva N.R. , Rudenko T.S.
Published: December 2020

The flowering time control gene of various sugar beet plants has been studied. The BTC1 gene is a regulator for the suppressor (flowering time 1) and inducer (flowering time 2) genes of this physiological process. The F9/R9 primer pair was used for polymerase chain reaction; these primers are specific to the BTC1 gene region containing exon 9, as well as intron and exon 10. For the first time, nucleotide substitutions in exon 10 of BTC1 gene were identified in bolting sensitive samples (HF1 and BF1), which led to a change in the amino acid composition of the coded polypeptide chain. Based on the results of bioinformatic analysis, it can be assumed that certain nucleotide polymorphisms in the BTC1 gene may determine with a high probability the predisposition of sugar beet genotypes to early flowering. The use of the Geneious Prime tool for the analysis of the BTC1 gene sequences may allow the culling of genotypes prone to early flowering at early stages of selection.

sugar beet, flowering gene, BTC1, genetic polymorphism, PCR, molecular genetic markers, selection
DNA Fingerprinting by SSR-Analyses of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) Cultivars
Authors: Dushkin V.A. , Klimenko V.P. , Shamustakimova A.O.
Published: December 2020

The results of experimental studies on polymorphism of 10 red clover cultivars of Russian selection are presented. Informative primer pairs that can be used for the identification of markers during intervariety differentiation were determined. Based on SSR fingerprints, molecular genetic formulas of the studied cultivars were compiled. Samples of genomic DNA of each cultivar were obtained from pooled aliquots of the plant tissue, each containing 30 seedlings. Eleven pairs of SSR primers developed for structural analysis of the red clover genome were used in genotyping. Unique amplification fragments were found with SSR locus RCS1307 for Trifon and Topaz cultivars, as well as with SSR locus RCS3095 for Trio and Mars cultivars, which can serve as identification DNA markers The results of this study are of practical importance for the molecular genetic certification of breeding achievements, which is necessary to assess the quality and genetic uniformity of seeds and to control hybridization in the breeding process.

forage crops, red clover, DNA fingerprinting, SSR loci, cultivar identification

This study was funded from the federal budget within the framework of a state assignment (project no. 0442-2019-0001 АААА-А19-119122590053-0).
Substrates with Different Rigidity for Directed Differentiation of Bovine Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Tvorogova A.V. Tvorogova , Saidova А.А. Saidova
Published: December 2020

The article describes the change in the structures of the actin cytoskeleton and the parameters of focal adhesions during three major mesoderm lineage commitments (adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes) of bovine mesenchymal stem cells. It was shown that the cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells on a rigid substrate is a favorable factor for osteogenesis due to an increase in the size and number of focal adhesions, as well as the number of actin cytoskeleton structures responsible for mechanical tension. Cultivation of cells on a soft substrate stimulates both adipogenesis and chondrogenesis due to restructuring the actin cytoskeleton responsible for mechanical tension, as well as reducing the size, number and location of focal adhesions. These data establish a relationship between matrix rigidity, cytoskeletal structure and preferred directions of differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.

mesenchymal stem cells, differentiation, osteogenesis, adipogenesis, focal adhesions, actin, matrigel

The study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (State Assignment no. 075-01250-20-01).
Pasolini e o fim: o lugar da literatura em tempos de consumo
Authors: Pimentel Davi Andrade
Published: December 2020

Com base na leitura de Escritos corsários e de A nebulosa, de Pier Paolo Pasolini, este artigo pretende desenvolver dois movimentos de reflexão sobre o lugar da literatura em nossa contemporaneidade: o primeiro, como a crítica jornalística de Pasolini à sociedade de consumo pode vir a nos auxiliar a pensar sobre o lugar  atual da literatura em nossa sociedade; e, o segundo, como o trágico, enquanto elemento estético retomado pela ficção de Pasolini, se caracteriza como crítica à classe burguesa e como mecanismo de escrita para o estabelecimento de um lugar para a literatura em nosso presente.
Reconstruindo Matilde: desigualdade e discriminação em Leite derramado, de Chico Buarque
Authors: Cabral Éderson , Mügge Ernani
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho centra-se no romance Leite derramado, de Chico Buarque, lançado em 2009, e visa analisar o tratamento dispensado a Matilde, personagem da obra, pela sociedade na qual ela está inserida, mais precisamente pelo entorno social da família Assumpção, a qual integra, por longo período, a aristocracia carioca. A análise do texto é efetivada sob o prisma da identidade e da cultura e considera aspectos políticos e históricos ao lançar luz sobre determinados eventos ocorridos no Brasil e mencionados na obra. Para isso, usa-se como aporte teórico conceitos de Homi K. Bhabha (1998, 2011), de Lélia Gonzalez (1984), de Linda Hutcheon (1991), entre outros. Como resultado, é possível perceber, por meio da narrativa, deslocamentos sociais e seus impactos em uma sociedade preconceituosa, racista e dissimulada.
Hoje em dia, Machado de Assis seria blogueiro
Authors: Bastos Dau
Published: December 2020

Este ensaio refaz o percurso empreendido pela literatura brasileira desde a década de 1840 até a atualidade, para levantar a irônica hipótese de a poesia encontrar no computador a possibilidade de recuperar o espaço e o prestígio de que usufruía antes da consolidação do romance nos trópicos. A abordagem respeita a cronologia, mas se pretende menos historiográfica do que teórica, portanto é forçosamente lacunosa e ziguezagueante. Equilibra o enfoque de buscas estéticas empreendidas em determinados períodos e a avaliação de mudanças suscitadas pelos novos meios de desenvolvimento e escoamento da ficção. A argumentação se ancora em obras de autores marcantes, com destaque para Machado de Assis, que praticou diferentes gêneros literários, cuja reorganização interferiu na própria construção de sua carreira. Sua presença desde a abertura até o fecho deste texto oferece ainda o benefício de nos imunizar contra a espúria ideia de evolução do fazer artístico.
Vias tortas, papo reto: a centralidade da literatura da favela
Authors: Rial y Costas Gundo , Chiappini Lígia
Published: December 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo aborda a paradigmática Festa Literária das Periferias (FLUP) no Rio de Janeiro e a sua prolífica produção de novos autores, incluindo material empírico próprio, baseado numa etnografia multi-situada de nove anos da festa com os dois leitmotiv: o “abraço coletivo” e o “papo reto”. Assim, contempla-se o papel dos mediadores culturais, ao indagar pela centralidade da literatura da favela, apresentando, analisando e destacando seus valores. Para isso, escolhemos três romances, (Só por hoje, de Julio Ludemir, 2012; Cidade de Deus Z, de Julio Pecly, 2015; e A número um, de Raquel de Oliveira, 2015) surgidos na ou ligados à FLUP para uma leitura filológica e cultural. No final, explicitam-se algumas questões sobre a dimensão estética e os valores em jogo nessa nova literatura, questões polêmicas que podem abrir novos caminhos para esta pesquisa.
AUTISMO E MATERNIDADE MIGRANTE: PSICOPATOLOGIZANDO RELAÇÕES EM MOBILIDADE
Authors: Pereira Alexandre Branco
Published: December 2020

A preocupação deste artigo é fornecer elementos para a reflexão sobre questões impostas a pessoas em mobilidade, por um lado, e, por outro, sobre a perspectiva dos sujeitos destacados por serviços do Estado e da sociedade civil para dar conta desses fluxos em seus locais de chegada, debatendo especificamente os crescentes encaminhamentos de crianças e adolescentes imigrantes, em especial bolivianas, realizados por escolas de São Paulo para Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenis (CAPS-IJ) por suspeita de possuírem alguma das muitas gradações do Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Aponto, então, para três dimensões importantes do fenômeno: primeiro, a patologização de migrantes e suas culturas, interpretada por um viés colonialista e crivado de um determinado racismo que consegue atribuir critérios de determinação de personalidade a culturas inteiras, e cria a ideia de culturas autistas ou autistizantes; segundo, para como a interrupção da mobilidade infantil é um evento crítico nesses contextos; e terceiro, para o caráter supostamente patogênico das relações entre mães e filhas migrantes, que resulta na hiper-responsabilização materna sobre a origem do autismo nas crianças.
RUSSIAN VILLAGES OF THE 17TH-19TH CENTURIES IN THE SURROUNDINGS OF THE MIDDLE AGE HILLFORT OF ISKER
Authors: BALYUNOV Igor V.
Published: December 2020

The medieval hillfort of Isker, the former capital of the Siberian Khanate of the 17th-19th centuries, is a significant archaeological monument, the late history of which was presented in fragmentary literature in the scientific literature. This article aims to fill in this lacune.
In the 17th century many rural settlements appeared in Isker’s immediate vicinity, in connection with the intensive economic development of the Tobolsk Irtysh. At the same time, the territory of the settlement was often referred to as the “Old Siberia” in written sources. These reasons have led to contemporary studies repeatedly providing erroneous information about the Russian villages that stood on the territory of Isker in the 17th-19th centuries.
Using written, cartographic, and archaeological sources, the author has accurately determined the number and names of rural settlements on the territory of the “Old Siberia” natural boundary, as well as their locations and the chronological framework of their existence.
The data obtained allow to reasonably assert that several Russian villages stood quite close to the abandoned hillfort, but its site was not directly inhabited at a later time. Such a neighborhood slightly affected the composition of the archaeological collections of Isker. The results of comparative studies show that it was generally not typical for Russian settlers in the Tobolsk Irtysh region to erect yards on the sites of ancient hillforts. In addition, the work allowed describing the main historical processes that took place in the 17th-19th centuries on the territory of the “Old Siberia”.
DIFFUSENESS AND DIFFERENTIATION OF THE STYLISTICS OF A SCIENTIFIC TEXT AND SPEECH STUDIES
Authors: KOTYUROVA Maria P.
Published: December 2020

This article represents a methodological problem that concerns the hypothesis on the possibility to differentiate adjacent scientific directions — the stylistics of a scientific text and speech studies. Theаexplanatory discourse approach (cognitive, discourse, and stylistics) is based on the concept of functional stylistics that is being developed by the Perm Scientific School (by Prof. M. N. Kozhina).
The hypothesis represents the semantic structure of scientific text correlated with its extralinguistic base. This base is concretized through scientific knowledge and defined with cognitive and communicative activities of a subject towards an object. The communicative and cognitive activities of a subject are complexes of extralinguistic factors that have different levels of abstraction in a particular epistemic situation. This level of abstraction is a methodological instrument that provides differentiation of those scientific directions.
The stylistics has its own niche — the study of language units as well as grammar and functional semantic categories in the framework of functional styles. These styles are influenced by abstract factors, which include public conscience, areas of activities, and cogitation. The stylistics of a scientific text is a fragment of contemporary functional stylistics, it deals with extralinguistic factors and text formation.
The speech studies concern the research of unlimited dynamic space of speech and texts (not necessarily scientific ones). This space is interpreted according to dominant discourse factors (strong but not style-forming).
Paulus Vladimiri and Stanislaus de Scarbimiria – medieval Krakow law school and the Polish contribution to the formation of the rights of nations
Authors: Grzybowski Jacek
Published: December 2020

The formation of medieval national communities constitutes the basis of political and cultural European history. However, it is almost forgotten nowadays that a significant contribution to reflections on sovereignty was made by Polish scholars. Stanisław of Skarbimierz (Stanislaus de Scarbimiria – 1365-1431) and Paweł Włodkowic (Paulus Vladimiri – 1370-1435), medieval Cracovian jurists and philosophers, are rather unknown in the Western milieu. Both of them added their voices to one of the most important disputes for European political culture. The 15th-century debate between Jagiellonian Poland and the Teutonic Order that conquered the Prussian lands became the basis for Polish lawyers to develop an ingenuous theory concerning human rights and the rights of nations.  Stanisław of Skarbimierz and Paweł Włodkowic, the founders of the Polish school of law at the Cracow Academy, in their writings and letters, firmly demonstrated injustice, the breaking of basic human rights, injuries, and other crimes perpetrated by the Teutonic knights against the Prussians, Lithuanians, Yotvingians and Poles. The scholars elaborated on the most important problems of law and international relationships, concerning the issues of human rights, the right to self-determination, just war, respect for personal property and human dignity. The doctrine of the Polish School of international law elaborated by Paul Wladimiri and Stanislaw of Skarbimierz have had and still make a considerable impact on the understanding of human rights and rights of nations. Their works and sermons espouse the craving for international justice, while securing national interests, and for a model of Europe as a “family of independent and sovereign nations” whose coexistence is founded on the Christian anthropology according to which a man as endowed by God with dignity and freedom. The works of the Cracovian masters should impress us and make proud of our legacy, while in Europe they should awaken interest and creative thought.
Why Rights are Wrong in ASEAN and Beyond: A Critique of the Foundations of Universal Human Rights
Authors: Scarnecchia D. Brian
Published: December 2020

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a battleground, one theatre in what Pope Francis has referred to as a “World War” where universal human rights, ersatz rights, and Asian values clash. Its people seek to escape old style Asian dictators while at the same time ward off a new ideological colonisation. Part One of this article provides a brief overview of the development of ASEAN and its human rights mechanisms. Part Two then examines whether the original axiomatic listing of human rights or an iteration of human rights founded upon the human genome or a Kantian underpinning can legitimise human rights and, if not, whether reference to the human soul made in the image of God with its natural law may substantiate the human rights project, perhaps, articulated as congruent with the purpose and design courts now recognise in the natural laws found in every ecosystem of nature. Part Three contends that aspects of the public trust doctrine, i.e., the natural use principle and the precautionary principle, are analogous to natural law principles and, because ‘the book of nature is one”, these environmental law principles may help jurists to recognise a theory of natural law liability in order to promote and defend authentic human rights. Finally, the author recommends that NGOs of Catholic Inspiration should, when appropriate, appeal to immaterial realities, God and the human soul, as a firm foundation of human rights and, also, when appropriate, advance in domestic, regional and international venues a theory of natural law liability based on environmental law principles in order to promote and defend authentic human rights.
The international leader and his moral code according to the theory of realism
Authors: Brzezińska Monika M.
Published: December 2020

As analysis shows, every international leader (whether a Hegemon, Stabilizer or other) has his own moral code. They differ from each other, which generates conflicts and does not foster cooperation. The more versatile the values, the greater the chance of peace, but because a realistic leader is characterized by untenable and selfish morality, which is neither lasting nor certain.
Biologiczne podstawy emocji. Rola stresu w regulacji procesu dojrzewania
Authors: Czajkowska-Majewska Maria Dorota
Published: December 2020

Emotions are fundamental functions of mammalian brain, essential for survival of an individual, a group and a species, they have biological basis and are mediated by a variety of neurotransmitters and neurohormones acting on specific brain structures. Stress is state of disturbed homeostasis, which generates a spectrum of adaptive physiological reactions in an organism, which promote individual’s survival or survival of a species. One such adaptive mechanism includes control by stress (via stress hormones) of reproductive functions by either delaying or accelerating puberty.
Poglądy bioetyczne i ekofilozoficzne w społecznym nauczaniu Jana Pawła II (na przykładzie wybranych encyklik)
Authors: Ciszek Mariusz
Published: December 2020

John Paul II has left behind a huge legacy of social teaching which retain its value till the present days therefore it is worth to remind the readers his significant ideas. In my article I familiarized readers with stances of John Paul II related to specific issues on medical ethicists and ecological aspects of human life protection based upon papal encyclicals, the article consists of two main parts: first refers to pope’s bioethical stances existed in encyclical Evangelium vitae (1995); the second one presented pope’s thoughts on environmental protection which could be find in the following encyclicals: Redemptor hominis (1979); Sollicitudo rei socialis (1987); Centesimus annus (1991) - and again in - Evangelium vitae (1995).
Problemy zasilania współczesnych silników spalinowych wybranymi biopaliwami
Authors: Biernat Krzysztof , Jeziorkowski Adrian
Published: December 2020

The paper presents most popular biofuels with their basic physicochemical properties in comparison with conventional fuels, the article also contains present normalizations of selected alternative fuels, the possibilities of supplying modern internal combustion engine with biofuels with requiring changes in their constructions were estimated on the basis of collected documentation.
Wodór - paliwo przyszłości
Authors: Biernat Krzysztof , Samson-Bręk Izabela Agata
Published: December 2020

Hydrogen it one of most spread radical on earth, this gas has to become alternative due to so general occurrence for mineral fuels exactly chance. Low is unchallenged advantage of employment of hydrogen in car engines emission, then hydrogen is fuel ecological completely. On way to general employment of hydrogen biggest barrier stagnant as storage of this gas is fuel and high cost of its production.
O źródłach teorii przyczynowania celowego w tomizmie konsekwentnym
Authors: Szczepkowska Weronika
Published: December 2020

Streszczenie tekstu nie jest dostępne.
Zjawiska atmosferyczne w Księdze Syracha
Authors: Turkiel Jan
Published: December 2020

Sirach sagend in seinem Buch von atmosphärischen Bedingungen zeigt auf ihre sinnbildliche Bedeutung. Der Reif ist wie die Sünde, das schöne Wetter, das verursacht, dass sie den Reif verschwindet, ist die Belohnung für die Barmherzigkeit (Syr 3,15). Der Hagel, der Schnee, auch schnell fallend, ist das Zeichen ihrer Herrschaft über der Welt (Syr 39, 29; 43, 13.15.18; 46, 5). Der Raureif von Reihenfolge ist Zeichen ihrer Sorge für die Erde (Syr 43, 19). Der glühende Hitze ist das Sinnbild der Gabe geopfert mit dem unangenehmen Wort (Syr 18,16). Eine alleinige Verteidigung von solchen Gaben ist die Liebe zu Herrn (Syr 34, 16). Der Nebel ist das Sinnbild der Klugheit und die Arznei auf schlechte Wetterbedingungen alles gebunden mit dem geheimnisvollen Boten (Syr 24,3; 43, 22) Der Blitz und der Donner, ist das Sinnbild des Auftretens des klugen Menschen (Syr 32,10) Der Donner, der vergeht, kann mit dem Sinnbild der Reichtümer ungerecht erworben (Syr 40,13 zu sein) Aber kann der Donner, das Sinnbild ihrer Stimme sein. Er vergeht nie und dauert im mächtigen Echo - der Mensch, der nicht besudelt hat sich mit dem Reichtum ungerecht erworben (Syr 43, 17; 46,17.18.19).
Globalne przyczyny zmian klimatu i ich przewidywany wpływ na środowisko
Authors: Kaniewska Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

Streszczenie tekstu nie jest dostępne.
A Mixed-Method Research on Recreation Space for Youth in Malaysia
Authors: Omar Dasimah , Omar Kamarul Ariff , Mohd Yusoff Zaharah , Othman Fazzami
Published: December 2020

This research applied a mixed-methods analysis of the recreation space for youth in Malaysian urban and rural areas applying both the qualitative and quantitative approach. For qualitative research, four (4) focus group discussions (FGD) with 24 youth and 22 stakeholders have conducted while for quantitative research, a total of 800 youth selected as respondents. The quantitative research questionnaire based on the outcome of the FGD. The results found that the provision of recreational space in urban and rural areas including location, adequacy ratio, current condition, proximity, accessibility and level of maintenance required to reviewed for improvement.
Keywords: Youth, Space, Qualitative, Quantitative
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI2.2518.