bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence for diagnosis and Gleason grading of prostate cancer: the PANDA challenge
Authors: Bulten Wouter , Kartasalo Kimmo , Chen Po-Hsuan Cameron , Ström Peter , Pinckaers Hans , Nagpal Kunal , Cai Yuannan , Steiner David F. , van Boven Hester , Vink Robert , Hulsbergen-van de Kaa Christina , van der Laak Jeroen , Amin Mahul B. , Evans Andrew J. , van der Kwast Theodorus , Allan Robert , Humphrey Peter A. , Grönberg Henrik , Samaratunga Hemamali , Delahunt Brett , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Häkkinen Tomi , Egevad Lars , Demkin Maggie , Dane Sohier , Tan Fraser , Valkonen Masi , Corrado Greg S. , Peng Lily , Mermel Craig H. , Ruusuvuori Pekka , Litjens Geert , Eklund Martin ,   the PANDA challenge consortium, Brilhante Américo , Çakır Aslı , Farré Xavier , Geronatsiou Katerina , Molinié Vincent , Pereira Guilherme , Roy Paromita , Saile Günter , Salles Paulo G. O. , Schaafsma Ewout , Tschui Joëlle , Billoch-Lima Jorge , Pereira Emíio M. , Zhou Ming , He Shujun , Song Sejun , Sun Qing , Yoshihara Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Taiki , Ono Kosaku , Shen Tao , Ji Jianyi , Roussel Arnaud , Zhou Kairong , Chai Tianrui , Weng Nina , Grechka Dmitry , Shugaev Maxim V. , Kiminya Raphael , Kovalev Vassili , Voynov Dmitry , Malyshev Valery , Lapo Elizabeth , Campos Manuel , Ota Noriaki , Yamaoka Shinsuke , Fujimoto Yusuke , Yoshioka Kentaro , Juvonen Joni , Tukiainen Mikko , Karlsson Antti , Guo Rui , Hsieh Chia-Lun , Zubarev Igor , Bukhar Habib S. T. , Li Wenyuan , Li Jiayun , Speier William , Arnold Corey , Kim Kyungdoc , Bae Byeonguk , Kim Yeong Won , Lee Hong-Seok , Park Jeonghyuk
Published: January 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise for diagnosing prostate cancer in biopsies. However, results have been limited to individual studies, lacking validation in multinational settings. Competitions have been shown to be accelerators for medical imaging innovations, but their impact is hindered by lack of reproducibility and independent validation. With this in mind, we organized the PANDA challenge—the largest histopathology competition to date, joined by 1,290 developers—to catalyze development of reproducible AI algorithms for Gleason grading using 10,616 digitized prostate biopsies. We validated that a diverse set of submitted algorithms reached pathologist-level performance on independent cross-continental cohorts, fully blinded to the algorithm developers. On United States and European external validation sets, the algorithms achieved agreements of 0.862 (quadratically weighted κ, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.840–0.884) and 0.868 (95% CI, 0.835–0.900) with expert uropathologists. Successful generalization across different patient populations, laboratories and reference standards, achieved by a variety of algorithmic approaches, warrants evaluating AI-based Gleason grading in prospective clinical trials.
Extension of human GCSF serum half-life by the fusion of albumin binding domain
Authors: Nikravesh Fatemeh Yadavar , Shirkhani Samira , Bayat Elham , Talebkhan Yeganeh , Mirabzadeh Esmat , Sabzalinejad Masoumeh , Aliabadi Hooman Aghamirza Moghim , Nematollahi Leila , Ardakani Yalda Hosseinzadeh , Sardari Soroush
Published: January 2022

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) can decrease mortality of patients undergo chemotherapy through increasing neutrophil counts. Many strategies have been developed to improve its blood circulating time. Albumin binding domain (ABD) was genetically fused to N-terminal end of GCSF encoding sequence and expressed as cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within Escherichia coli. Biological activity of ABD-GCSF protein was assessed by proliferation assay on NFS-60 cells. Physicochemical properties were analyzed through size exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties were also investigated in a neutropenic rat model. CD and IFS spectra revealed that ABD fusion to GCSF did not significantly affect the secondary and tertiary structures of the molecule. DLS and SEC results indicated the absence of aggregation formation. EC50 value of the ABD-GCSF in proliferation of NFS-60 cells was 75.76 pg/ml after 72 h in comparison with control GCSF molecules (Filgrastim: 73.1 pg/ml and PEG-Filgrastim: 44.6 pg/ml). Animal studies of ABD-GCSF represented improved serum half-life (9.3 ± 0.7 h) and consequently reduced renal clearance (16.1 ± 1.4 ml/h.kg) in comparison with Filgrastim (1.7 ± 0.1 h). Enhanced neutrophils count following administration of ABD-GCSF was comparable with Filgrastim and weaker than PEG-Filgrastim treated rats. In vitro and in vivo results suggested the ABD fusion as a potential approach for improving GCSF properties.
Pterostilbene downregulates BCR/ABL and induces apoptosis of T315I-mutated BCR/ABL-positive leukemic cells
Authors: Kawakami Shohei , Tsuma-Kaneko Mitsuyo , Sawanobori Masakazu , Uno Tomoko , Nakamura Yoshihiko , Matsuzawa Hideyuki , Suzuki Rikio , Onizuka Makoto , Yahata Takashi , Naka Kazuhito , Ando Kiyoshi , Kawada Hiroshi
Published: January 2022

In this study, we examined the antileukemic effects of pterostilbene, a natural methylated polyphenol analog of resveratrol that is predominantly found in berries and nuts, using various human and murine leukemic cells, as well as bone marrow samples obtained from patients with leukemia. Pterostilbene administration significantly induced apoptosis of leukemic cells, but not of non-malignant hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Interestingly, pterostilbene was highly effective in inducing apoptosis of leukemic cells harboring the BCR/ABL fusion gene, including ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant cells with the T315I mutation. In BCR/ABL+ leukemic cells, pterostilbene decreased the BCR/ABL fusion protein levels and suppressed AKT and NF-κB activation. We further demonstrated that pterostilbene along with U0126, an inhibitor of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, synergistically induced apoptosis of BCR/ABL+ cells. Our results further suggest that pterostilbene-promoted downregulation of BCR/ABL involves caspase activation triggered by proteasome inhibition-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Moreover, oral administration of pterostilbene significantly suppressed tumor growth in mice transplanted with BCR/ABL+ leukemic cells. Taken together, these results suggest that pterostilbene may hold potential for the treatment of BCR/ABL+ leukemia, in particular for those showing ABL-dependent TKI resistance.
Entropy generation of MHD flow of sodium alginate (C6H9NAO7) fluid in thermal engineering
Authors: Abdelhameed T. N.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, impacts of magnetic field and porosity on the entropy generation of sodium-alginate (C6H9NaO7) fluid are studied. C6H9NaO7 is taken over a moving and heated vertical wall. Heat transfer is due to free convection. Initially, the problem is formulated in the form of PDEs along with physical conditions and then written in non-dimensional form. Problem is solved via Laplace transform and expression in analytical form is established for temperature and velocity field. The related relations for entropy generation and Bejan number and entropy generation are also examined. Nusselt number and Skin-friction are calculated and plotted in graphs. For numerical computations, a finite difference scheme is used using MATLAB software. The results in tables and graphs are discussed for embedded parameters. It is found that the magnetic field and porosity have strong influence on velocity, entropy generation and Bejan number. For greater Hartman number, entropy generation magnitude is greater compared to the Bejan number, conversely, this variation in Bejan number is more efficient. The porosity effect showed that if the medium is more porous, the entropy generation can decreases 50% when porosity increase from Ka = 1 to Ka = 2, however the Bejan number increases.
Development and validation of a prediction model to estimate risk of acute pulmonary embolism in deep vein thrombosis patients
Authors: Li You , He Yuncong , Meng Yan , Fu Bowen , Xue Shuanglong , Kang Mengyang , Duan Zhenzhen , Chen Yan , Wang Yifan , Tian Hongyan
Published: January 2022

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), clinically presenting as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). Not all DVT patients carry the same risk of developing acute pulmonary embolism (APE). To develop and validate a prediction model to estimate risk of APE in DVT patients combined with past medical history, clinical symptoms, physical signs, and the sign of the electrocardiogram. We analyzed data from a retrospective cohort of patients who were diagnosed as symptomatic VTE from 2013 to 2018 (n = 1582). Among them, 122 patients were excluded. All enrolled patients confirmed by pulmonary angiography or computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and compression venous ultrasonography. Using the LASSO and logistics regression, we derived a predictive model with 16 candidate variables to predict the risk of APE and completed internal validation. Overall, 52.9% patients had DVT + APE (773 vs 1460), 47.1% patients only had DVT (687 vs 1460). The APE risk prediction model included one pre-existing disease or condition (respiratory failure), one risk factors (infection), three symptoms (dyspnea, hemoptysis and syncope), five signs (skin cold clammy, tachycardia, diminished respiration, pulmonary rales and accentuation/splitting of P2), and six ECG indicators (SIQIIITIII, right axis deviation, left axis deviation, S1S2S3, T wave inversion and Q/q wave), of which all were positively associated with APE. The ROC curves of the model showed AUC of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.77–0.82) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.76–0.84) in the training set and testing set. The model showed good predictive accuracy (calibration slope, 0.83 and Brier score, 0.18). Based on a retrospective single-center population study, we developed a novel prediction model to identify patients with different risks for APE in DVT patients, which may be useful for quickly estimating the probability of APE before obtaining definitive test results and speeding up emergency management processes.
Dysfunction of low-density neutrophils in peripheral circulation in patients with sepsis
Authors: Sun Ran , Huang Jiamin , Yang Yunxi , Liu Lu , Shao Yiming , Li Linbin , Sun Bingwei
Published: January 2022

Low-density neutrophils (LDNs) have been described in tumors and various autoimmune diseases, where they exhibit immune dysfunction and alter disease progression. Nevertheless, LDNs have been rarely reported in sepsis. We studied sepsis patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Wright-Giemsa stain assay and Transmission electron microscopy were performed to detect the morphology of neutrophils. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the number and function of LDNs. Concentration of cytokines was measured using ELISA. Neutrophil chemotaxis was examined using an under-agarose chemotaxis model. We found that LDNs were significantly elevated in patients with sepsis. Phenotypes and morphological characteristics suggest that LDNs may be formed by mixtures of neutrophils at various maturation stages. In vitro experiments showed that LDN formation was closely associated with neutrophil degranulation. We preliminarily discussed changes in immune function in LDNs. Compared with high-density neutrophils, expression levels of CXC chemokine receptor 4 on LDN surfaces were increased, phagocytotic capacity was decreased, and life span was prolonged. The chemotactic ability of LDNs was significantly reduced, possibly related to the increased expression of P2X1. These data suggest that LDNs are essential components of neutrophils in sepsis. To clarify the source and dysfunction mechanism of LDN in sepsis may be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis in the future.
The impact of calcitriol and estradiol on the SARS-CoV-2 biological activity: a molecular modeling approach
Authors: Mansouri Alireza , Kowsar Rasoul , Zakariazadeh Mostafa , Hakimi Hassan , Miyamoto Akio
Published: January 2022

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is currently a big concern around the world. Recent reports show that the disease severity and mortality of COVID-19 infected patients may vary from gender to gender with a very high risk of death for seniors. In addition, some steroid structures have been reported to affect coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, function and activity. The entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells depends on the binding of coronavirus spike protein to angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2). Viral main protease is essential for the replication of SARS-CoV-2. It was hypothesized that steroid molecules (e.g., estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, prednisone and calcitriol) could occupy the active site of the protease and could alter the interaction of spike protein with ACE2. Computational data showed that estradiol interacted more strongly with the main protease active site. In the presence of calcitriol, the binding energy of the spike protein to ACE2 was increased, and transferring Apo to Locked S conformer of spike trimer was facilitated. Together, the interaction between spike protein and ACE2 can be disrupted by calcitriol. Potential use of estradiol and calcitriol to reduce virus invasion and replication needs clinical investigation.
Dirac lines and loop at the Fermi level in the time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductor LaNiGa2
Authors: Badger Jackson R. , Quan Yundi , Staab Matthew C. , Sumita Shuntaro , Rossi Antonio , Devlin Kasey P. , Neubauer Kelly , Shulman Daniel S. , Fettinger James C. , Klavins Peter , Kauzlarich Susan M. , Aoki Dai , Vishik Inna M. , Pickett Warren E. , Taufour Valentin
Published: January 2022

Unconventional superconductors have Cooper pairs with lower symmetries than in conventional superconductors. In most unconventional superconductors, the additional symmetry breaking occurs in relation to typical ingredients such as strongly correlated Fermi liquid phases, magnetic fluctuations, or strong spin-orbit coupling in noncentrosymmetric structures. In this article, we show that the time-reversal symmetry breaking in the superconductor LaNiGa2 is enabled by its previously unknown topological electronic band structure, with Dirac lines and a Dirac loop at the Fermi level. Two symmetry related Dirac points even remain degenerate under spin-orbit coupling. These unique topological features enable an unconventional superconducting gap in which time-reversal symmetry can be broken in the absence of other typical ingredients. Our findings provide a route to identify a new type of unconventional superconductors based on nonsymmorphic symmetries and will enable future discoveries of topological crystalline superconductors.
Organic carbon burial in Mediterranean sapropels intensified during Green Sahara Periods since 3.2 Myr ago
Authors: Grant Katharine M. , Amarathunga Udara , Amies Jessica D. , Hu Pengxiang , Qian Yao , Penny Tiah , Rodriguez-Sanz Laura , Zhao Xiang , Heslop David , Liebrand Diederik , Hennekam Rick , Westerhold Thomas , Gilmore Stewart , Lourens Lucas J. , Roberts Andrew P. , Rohling Eelco J.
Published: January 2022

Dark organic-rich layers (sapropels) have accumulated in Mediterranean sediments since the Miocene due to deep-sea dysoxia and enhanced carbon burial at times of intensified North African run-off during Green Sahara Periods (GSPs). The existence of orbital precession-dominated Saharan aridity/humidity cycles is well known, but lack of long-term, high-resolution records hinders understanding of their relationship with environmental evolution. Here we present continuous, high-resolution geochemical and environmental magnetic records for the Eastern Mediterranean spanning the past 5.2 million years, which reveal that organic burial intensified 3.2 Myr ago. We deduce that fluvial terrigenous sediment inputs during GSPs doubled abruptly at this time, whereas monsoon run-off intensity remained relatively constant. We hypothesize that increased sediment mobilization resulted from an abrupt non-linear North African landscape response associated with a major increase in arid:humid contrasts between GSPs and intervening dry periods. The timing strongly suggests a link to the onset of intensified northern hemisphere glaciation.
An easily available endoplasmic reticulum targeting near-infrared fluorescent probe for esterase imaging in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Xiang Chunbai , Xiang Jingjing , Yang Xing , Zhu Baode , Mo Quanyi , Zhou Lihua , Gong Ping
Published: January 2022

Here, we report an easily available endoplasmic reticulum-targeting near-infrared fluorescent probe (ER-CE), which can detect esterase in the endoplasmic reticulum and monitor the changes in the esterase amount in tumors in real time.
Bio-nanocapsules for oriented immobilization of DNA aptamers on aptasensors
Authors: Iijima Masumi , Yamada Yuki , Nakano Hideo , Nakayama Tsutomu , Kuroda Shun'ichi
Published: January 2022

The oriented immobilization of sensing molecules (e.g., IgGs, receptors, lectins, and DNA aptamers) on sensor chips is particularly important for maximizing the sensitivity and target-binding capacity of biosensors.
Rhodium-catalyzed regioselective addition of thioacids to terminal allenes: enantioselective access to branched allylic thioesters
Authors: Ziyaei Halimehjani A. , Breit B.
Published: January 2022

Regioselective and enantioselective addition of thioacids to terminal allenes is reported employing a rhodium(i)/DIOP catalyst system. Complete catalyst control of diastereoselectivity was achieved upon addition of chiral amino thioacids to allenes.
Divinylpyrimidine reagents generate antibody–drug conjugates with excellent in vivo efficacy and tolerability
Authors: Walsh Stephen J. , Omarjee Soleilmane , Dannheim Friederike M. , Couturier Dominique-Laurent , Bexheti Dorentina , Mendil Lee , Cronshaw Gemma , Fewster Toby , Gregg Charlotte , Brodie Cara , Miller Jodi L. , Houghton Richard , Carroll Jason S. , Spring David R.
Published: January 2022

The development of divinylpyrimidine (DVP) reagents for the synthesis of antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) with in vivo efficacy and tolerability is reported.
Deep eutectic solvents composed of bio-phenol-derived superbase ionic liquids and ethylene glycol for CO2 capture
Authors: Wang Ze , Wang Zonghua , Huang Xin , Yang Dezhong , Wu Congyi , Chen Jie
Published: January 2022

CO2 reacts with EG rather than reacting with phenolic anions in DESs consisting of phenol-based superbase ILs and EG.
Synthesis, characterization, and high-pressure studies of a 3D berkelium(iii) carboxylate framework material
Authors: Sperling Joseph M. , Beck Nicholas , Scheibe Benjamin , Bai Zhuanling , Brannon Jacob , Gomez-Martinez Daniela , Grödler Dennis , Johnson Jason A. , Lin Xinsong , Rotermund Brian M. , Albrecht-Schönzart Thomas E.
Published: January 2022

A berkelium mellitate is added to a small family of structurally characterized Bk compounds. The 5f → 5f transitions on average blue shift and the compound changes colour with applied pressure unlike other actinide mellitates.
Syntheses, crystal structures and supramolecular assemblies of two Cu(ii) complexes based on a new heterocyclic ligand: insights into C–H⋯Cl and π⋯π interactions
Authors: Pramanik Samit , Pathak Sudipta , Frontera Antonio , Mukhopadhyay Subrata
Published: January 2022

A new heterocyclic ligand, N3L [4-(1-methylimidazole)-2,6-di(pyrazinyl)pyridine] and two Cu(ii) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by several spectroscopic and DFT methods.
Defect calculations using a combined SCAN and hybrid functional in γ-CsPbI3
Authors: Wang Shengyuan , Tse Kin Fai , Boyko Alena , Zhu Junyi
Published: January 2022

Defect calculations of γ-CsPbI3 using a combination of SCAN Meta-GGA functional and HSE hybrid functional to demonstrate a suppressed bipolar conductivity and defects with multiple charge states.
Elucidating the role of catalytic amino acid residues in the peptide-mediated silica oligomerization reaction mechanism
Authors: Hare Stephanie R. , Pfaendtner Jim
Published: January 2022

This manuscript explores the reaction mechanisms of peptide-based biomineralization processes. Charged sidechains are known to play a role in silicate oligomerization, but the underlying mechanisms and energy landscapes have not been determined.
Two-dimensional CdS/SnS2 heterostructure: a highly efficient direct Z-scheme water splitting photocatalyst
Authors: Fu Can , Wang Guangzhao , Huang Yuhong , Chen Ying , Yuan Hongkuan , Ang Yee Sin , Chen Hong
Published: January 2022

A 2D CdS/SnS2 heterostructure is a highly efficient Z-scheme water splitting photocatalyst.
The synergetic effect of an aqua ligand and metal site on the performance of single-atom catalysts in H2O2synthesis: a density functional theory study
Authors: Zhu Xin-cheng , Zhang Wei , Xia Qian , Hu An-Fu , Jiang Jian , Fang Qiao-jun , Zhuang Gui-lin
Published: January 2022

The synergetic effects of an aqua ligand and metal site in a single-atom catalyst were uncovered by a combination of DFT calculations and AIMD simulations.
Particulate nitrate photolysis in the atmosphere
Authors: Gen Masao , Liang Zhancong , Zhang Ruifeng , Go Brix Raphael , Chan Chak K.
Published: January 2022

Particulate nitrate photolysis can lead to the formation of secondary inorganic and organic aerosols that affect climate, air quality, and human health.
Direct MYD88L265P gene detection for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) via a miniaturised CRISPR/dCas9-based sensing chip
Authors: Sun Weihan , Guo Wei , Liu Zhiyi , Qiao Sennan , Wang Ziming , Wang Jiayu , Qu Lingxuan , Shan Liang , Sun Fei , Xu Shuping , Bai Ou , Liang Chongyang
Published: January 2022

CRISPR/dCas9 technology integrated with electrochemical detection was developed for ultrasensitive and fast gene mutation detection of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma above a dCas9/sgRNA modified porous anodised aluminium sensing chip.
Confined pulsed diffuse layer charging for nanoscale electrodeposition with an STM
Authors: Aarts Mark , Reiser Alain , Spolenak Ralph , Alarcon-Llado Esther
Published: January 2022

Regulating the state of the solid–liquid interface by means of electric fields is a powerful tool to control electrochemistry.
Organometallic Ni(ii), Ni(iii), and Ni(iv) complexes relevant to carbon–carbon and carbon–oxygen bond formation reactions
Authors: Magallón C. , Griego L. , Hu C. H. , Company A. , Ribas X. , Mirica L. M.
Published: January 2022

Herein, the pyridinophane tetradentate ligand PyNMe3 is used to isolate and structurally characterize well-defined organometallic Ni(ii) and Ni(iii) complexes bearing the cycloneophyl fragment, an alkyl/aryl C-donor ligand.
Generation of azaarene nitrile oxides from methyl azaarenes and t-BuONO enabling the synthesis of furoxans and 1,2,4-oxadiazoles
Authors: Zhang Xiang-Jin , Cao Jian-Kang , Ren Jun-Jie , Hong Lin , Liang Ru-Jin , Hao Kai-Yan , Wei Kai-Li , Mi Bao-Jing , Liu Yue , Zhu Yan-Ping
Published: January 2022

A high-efficiency strategy for the synthesis of furoxans and 1,2,4-oxadiazoles has been developed, using tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) as the nitrogen source. Azaarene nitrile oxides were generated in situ via methyl azaarenes functionalization.
Modulating the surface and mechanical properties of textile by oil-in-water emulsion design
Authors: Argentou Evangelia , Amador Carlos , Massey Brooker Anju Deepali , Bakalis Serafim , Fryer Peter J. , Zhang Zhenyu Jason
Published: January 2022

The synergistic effect of oil viscosity and oil droplet size on the deposition profile of oil on cotton fabric was studied using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a model oil-in-water emulsion system.
Experiments on plasma dynamics of electrical wire explosion in air
Authors: Han Ruoyu , Li Chen , Yuan Wei , Ouyang Jiting , Wu Jiawei , Wang Yanan , Ding Weidong , Zhang Yongmin
Published: January 2022

Besides a typical high‐density plasma source, electrical explosion of conductors is also indispensable in switches, nanomaterial synthesis, shock‐wave sources, etc. In this paper, an experimental study regarding plasma dynamics of electrical wire explosions (μs‐timescale) is presented, with spatiotemporal resolved diagnostics. Pure Cu/Ni wire and Cu‐Ni alloy wire were used and compared. The alloy wire usually has a higher resistivity, resulting in a higher initial energy deposition (heating) rate. Abel inverse transformation indicated that the plasma radiation focussed on the outer region of the discharge channel for the alloy wire. In addition, the metallic vapour determined by the material properties had a considerable influence on the plasma process and resulting nanomaterials. In particular, both transverse and axial‐layered structures were observed in alloy wire vapour. In addition, for the first time, the expanding arc‐like plasma of explosion products was understood and examined from aspects of material properties and energy relaxation. The later stage of wire explosion resembled the state of regular metal vapour arcs under 1 MPa pressure. Finally, the core factor for the fast energy deposition stage of wire explosion was ascertained. Correlations between pre‐exposition circuit parameters and post‐explosion dynamic effects were found, which is significant for practical applications.
Conservative, density-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics with improved partition of the unity and better estimation of gradients
Authors: García-Senz Domingo , Cabezón Rubén M. , Escartín Jose A.
Published: January 2022

Context. The accurate evaluation of gradients is a cornerstone of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique. Using an integral approach to estimating gradients has been proven to substantially enhance its accuracy, retaining the Lagrangian structure of SPH equations and remaining fully conservative. However, in practice, it is difficult to ensure that the Lagrangian formulation is entirely consistent with regard to the exact partition of the unity.

Aims. In this paper, we focus our study on the connection between the choice of the volume elements (VEs) in the SPH summations as well as the accuracy in the gradient estimation within the integral approach scheme (ISPH). We propose a new variant of VEs to improve the partition of the unity that is fully compatible with the Lagrangian formulation of SPH, including grad-h corrections.

Aims. Using analytic considerations, simple static toy models in 1D, and a set of full 3D test cases, we show that any improvement in the partition of the unity also leads to a better calculation of gradients when the integral approach is used jointly. Additionally, we propose an easy-to-implement modification of the ISPH scheme, which makes it more flexible and better suited to handling sharp density contrasts.

Methods. The ISPH code that is built with the proposed scheme has been validated with a good number of standard tests, some of them involving contact discontinuities. The performance of the code was shown to be excellent in all of these tests, consistently demonstrating that an improvement in the partition of the unity is not detrimental to the optimal conservation of energy, momentum, and entropy that is typical of Lagrangian schemes.

Results. We successfully built a new ISPH scheme on a Lagrangian basis, which is fully conservative, and compatible with self-consistent grad-h terms and an improved partition of the unity. The ensuing code is able to successfully cope with the tensile instability and has been validated with a number of hydrodynamic tests with good results.
Radio footprints of a minor merger in the Shapley Supercluster: From supercluster down to galactic scales
Authors: Venturi T. , Giacintucci S. , Merluzzi P. , Bardelli S. , Busarello G. , Dallacasa D. , Sikhosana S. P. , Marvil J. , Smirnov O. , Bourdin H. , Mazzotta P. , Rossetti M. , Rudnick L. , Bernardi G. , Brüggen M. , Carretti E. , Cassano R. , Di Gennaro G. , Gastaldello F. , Kale R. , Knowles K. , Koribalski B. S. , Heywood I. , Hopkins A. M. , Norris R. P. , Reiprich T. H. , Tasse C. , Vernstrom T. , Zucca E. , Bester L. H. , Diego J. M. , Kanapathippillai J.
Published: January 2022

Context. The Shapley Supercluster (⟨z⟩≈0.048) contains several tens of gravitationally bound clusters and groups, making it an ideal subject for radio studies of cluster mergers.

Aims. We used new high sensitivity radio observations to investigate the less energetic events of mass assembly in the Shapley Supercluster from supercluster down to galactic scales.

Methods. We created total intensity images of the full region between A3558 and A3562, from ∼230 to ∼1650 MHz, using ASKAP, MeerKAT and the GMRT, with sensitivities ranging from ∼6 to ∼100 μJy beam−1. We performed a detailed morphological and spectral study of the extended emission features, complemented with ESO-VST optical imaging and X-ray data from XMM-Newton.

Results. We report the first GHz frequency detection of extremely low brightness intercluster diffuse emission on a ∼1 Mpc scale connecting a cluster and a group, namely: A3562 and the group SC 1329–313. It is morphologically similar to the X-ray emission in the region. We also found (1) a radio tail generated by ram pressure stripping in the galaxy SOS 61086 in SC 1329–313; (2) a head-tail radio galaxy, whose tail is broken and culminates in a misaligned bar; (3) ultrasteep diffuse emission at the centre of A3558. Finally (4), we confirm the ultra-steep spectrum nature of the radio halo in A3562.

Conclusions. Our study strongly supports the scenario of a flyby of SC 1329–313 north of A3562 into the supercluster core. This event perturbed the centre of A3562, leaving traces of this interaction in the form of turbulence between A3562 and SC 1329–313, at the origin of the radio bridge and eventually affecting the evolution of individual supercluster galaxies by triggering ram pressure stripping. Our work shows that minor mergers can be spectacular and have the potential to generate diffuse radio emission that carries important information on the formation of large-scale structures in the Universe.
Comparative analysis of rape seed production in Russia and Kemerovsk region
Authors: Kondratenko Ekaterina , Soboleva Olga , Vidyakin Alexander , Miroshina Tatiana , Raushkina Daria , Zhdanov A. V.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the research is to conduct a comparative analysis of rapeseed production in the territory of the Russian Federation and the Kemerovo region. During 2011-2019, on the territory of the Russian Federation (RF) and the Kemerovo region, a comparative analysis of the sown area, yield, gross harvest of spring rape was carried out. The research results showed that over the past 9 years, from 2011 to 2019, the sown area, both in the Russian Federation and in the Kemerovo Region, has doubled. At the same time, there is a strong variation in this indicator. The variation coefficient ranged from 43.3% to 54.1%. On the territory of the Russian Federation and in the Kemerovo region, an increase in the yield of spring rape is observed by 1.13 times and 1.04 times, respectively. It was revealed that an increase in the gross harvest of spring rape seeds occurs on the basis of an extensive development of production due to an increase in the sowing area and yield.
Dose-dependent effect of plants of the Lamiaceae family on the concentration of methane, fatty acids and nitrogen in the ecosystem in vitro
Authors: Ryazanov Vitaliy , Duskaev Galimzhan , Denisenko Konstantin
Published: January 2022

Fermentation processes in the rumen of ruminants determine how much final metabolites and their derivatives will be formed, which are necessary for the full development of the organism, the level of productivity, and also affect the level of formation of endogenous substances, namely, greenhouse gas emissions. These criteria lead us to the search for new feed products that improve the metabolic processes of the rumen and the digestive system as a whole, so phyto-substances can serve as an alternative. The article presents the results of in vitro study of the influence of Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Oríganum vulgáre on formation of methane, synthesis of volatile fatty acids and nitrogen, as the main indicator parameters of the enzymatic activity of the rumen of ruminants. It was found that when using phyto- substances: Salviae folia and Scutellaria baicalensis, more acetic and propionic acid was formed, Oríganum vulgare in various dosages shifted towards propionic and valeric acid. Formation of a larger amount of microbial protein (P≤0.05) with use of Salviae folia, Scutellaria baicalensis, Oríganum vulgáre in various dosages was established. Methane production decreased with use of Oríganum vulgáre.
Influence of basic treatment of irrigated land on Fertility indicators and harvest formation of sweet pepper
Authors: Kurbanov Serazhutdin Aminovich , Magomedova Diana Sultanovna
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the research was to establish the most rational soil cultivation system for irrigated conditions, contributing to the preservation of ecological balance and increasing the profitability of pepper production. Experimental studies were carried out on meadow-chestnut soils of the plain zone of the Republic of Dagestan in 2017-2019. in a two-factor experiment to determine the most effective combination of soil cultivation and irrigation regime. The paper presents the results of the influence of plowing and disc cultivation on the water-physical properties of the soil and its biological activity, as well as on the yield of sweet pepper under drip irrigation. The results of three-year research have established that, under irrigation conditions, the most effective method of basic soil cultivation is moldboard soil cultivation to a depth of 0.23 ... 0.25 m, which contributed to the improvement of soil density, its permeability, structural state and increased biological activity in the treated layer. On plowing, the yield of sweet pepper fruits was obtained at the level of 6.23 t/ha. The use of disc processing by 0.10 ... 0.12 m leads to a deterioration of agrophysical indicators of fertility, phytosanitary state of irrigated fields by 1.7 ... 2.2 times, a decrease in yield by 5.1 ... 9.6% and profitability of pepper fruit production by 25.3 ... 31.0%.
Influence of mineral and organic artificial substrates on productivity of covered ground tomato under additional lighting
Authors: Isaeva P. M. , Daulakova L. Sh. , Adaev N. L. , Amaeva A. G. , Aiskhanova Zh. Kh.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of studying the reaction of tomato plants to an artificial substrate on which they are grown with all other things being equal — lighting, nutrition, temperature, and etc. Among the studied parameters, the plants reacted to the greatest extent with an average daily growth, filling of fruits, which mainly influenced the yield of tomatoes.
The use of RS-485 and CAN interfaces for connecting sensors in climate control systems of greenhouse complexes
Authors: Petropavlovskaya Victoria , Shishkov Alexander , Zamaraev Sergey , Pshenisnov Nikita , Gort Maksim
Published: January 2022

Purpose of this article is to demonstrate the features of the use of existing connection interfaces for the functioning of climate control systems of agricultural complexes. The article contains the author's classification of the characteristics of the connection interfaces. The two most suitable interfaces are considered. The article compares RS-485 and CAN protocols. Key differences between CAN and RS-485 for use in agricultural complexes are shown. A test sample of a system containing 3 sensors was presented.
Range of goods in framework of agricultural enterprise management
Authors: Bondarev Nikolay Sergeevich , Bondareva Galina Sergeevna
Published: January 2022

The study of the product range of the enterprise, in particular, the agricultural ones, is one of the priority areas. Maintaining a stable demand for reduced goods is an obligatory condition for strategizing activities, a guarantee of development. The presented research reflects the theoretical foundations of enterprise management, in terms of building a strategy; the assortment features for both commodity and trade ones are disclosed; the authors highlighted the specifics of agricultural production through strategic management and its goal setting. In the main part of the work, there is a block focused on the study of the assortment within the framework of the agricultural enterprise management, based on the product range optimization. This is supported by the conclusions that this approach is a source of diversification of an agricultural enterprise production activity and takes into account both the existing market needs and the capabilities of the enterprise itself when creating the necessary conditions for its development, ensuring competitiveness not only in local markets, but also includes a possibility to expand its market zone. The assortment of goods was studied in a separate block on the example of a specific agricultural enterprise - the greenhouse complex JSC “Sukhovskiy”, a member of the Siberian agricultural complex of the brand “Em Rodnoe”. The assessment of the main economic indicators of the activities of JSC “Sukhovskiy” was carried out. For the purpose of practical testing of the developed directions of strategizing the product range of JSC “Sukhovskiy”, there was proposed a variant of its expansion by introducing roses into the “line” of production as the most popular and demanded flowers in high demand among the population. In addition, the agrotechnology of this production in the conditions of a greenhouse economy is shown, possible sales channels for finished products are proposed, the costs of the “rose” assortment line are structured and the predicted economic effect from the implementation of the proposed measures is calculated.
Research of the factor dependence of egg and egg products consumption in the subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors: Bondareva Galina Sergeevna , Bondarev Nikolay Sergeevich
Published: January 2022

Importance of consummating eggs and egg products in the diet of the population is determined by their high nutritional value. An egg contains a complete animal protein, it has consumer accessibility (both economic and physical) and prevalence in food markets regardless of the territory. The widespread availability (both assortment and price) of eggs and egg products to some extent can compensate for the deficit in consumption of other types of livestock products, which are often not available for socially vulnerable groups of the population with a low level of income. This food group is one of the most valuable products in the structure of rational consumption that meets the modern requirements of a healthy diet, which is reflected in the relevant Recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation [1]. The conducted research is based on the analysis of the main parameters of eggs and egg products’ consumption. The emphasis is made on the study of statistical information on the number of the living population; the prevailing average per capita money income; consumer average retail prices for the specified food group; the level of consumption, its compliance with a rational level that meets modern requirements for healthy nutrition in equal subjects of the Russian Federation, both in the region, territory, republic, autonomous okrug, autonomous region, and in cities of federal significance: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sevastopol. The result of the study was confirmation of the direct dependence of the reduction in the consumption of eggs and egg products as a result of a decrease in the population's income. The territorial aspect also indicated the existence of such dependence. All this allows us to assert that the fundamental factor affecting the level of consumption of eggs and egg products is the economic affordability of the food group, which depends on the income of buyers [11; 13].
Assessment of food security of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Pestryakov A.N. , Sbrodova N.V. , Albycheva M.A. , Reutova E.A.
Published: January 2022

Ensuring food security and promoting the development of agriculture are included in the priority goals of sustainable development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation until 2035. The structural complexity and multidimensionality of food security in the region requires a clear methodology for its assessment. The article presents the results of a study of food security in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. This study is based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing methods for assessing food security in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The authors proposed a methodology for assessing the food security of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, which makes it possible to translate a phased multivariate analysis (the methodology was tested on the example of the Chukotka Autonomous Region).
Agroecological cluster as a system integrator of the Baikal region
Authors: Dugina Evdokia , Dorzhieva Elena , Belomestnov Viсtor , Garmaeva Luydmila
Published: January 2022

The Baikal Region, despite its favorable geopolitical position (between Europe and Asia) and the most famous lake on the planet, located in its territory, is peripheral and depressive. The lag in socio-economic development is due to severe environmental restrictions imposed on economic activities. New business models and process solutions are necessary to enable the transition to a digital economy without harming the environment. Development of a agroecological cluster based on a digital platform will help increase the connectivity of the macroregional space, its integration and the rational use of the resources of the Baikal ecosystem. Due to generation of a synergistic effect that manifests itself in the socio-economic and environmental spheres the agroecological cluster acts as an integrator uniting the subjects of the “state – society – business” triad on the basis of mutually beneficial partnership.
Information and image support of the activities of the Agrarian University
Authors: Alemasova Marina , Galkin Dmitry , Kurbatova Ludmila , Olovyanikova Zhoia , Popova Svetlana
Published: January 2022

The article examines the activities of public relations specialists of Michurinsk State Agrarian University in its information and image support. The paper analyzes communication technologies aimed at promoting the higher educational institution of an agrarian profile, agricultural education and agrarian science in general. It is argued that the formation of a positive image of Michurinsk State Agrarian University is facilitated by the organization of effective interaction with the media, positioning of the activities of the university, its scientists, students; regular media monitoring; formation and strengthening of corporate culture; development of corporate identity, mission, slogan, logo; organizing and holding special events; preparation and participation in exhibitions and fairs; maintaining a corporate website; production of a corporate publication, advertising activities. Specific examples of the use of communication technologies in an educational institution are given. The conclusion is made that with the creation of a department for public relations and management of public relations, press and office work, the communicative activity of the agrarian university began to be carried out professionally and in a coordinated manner. The existing communication system ensures the formation of an effective positive information field of the university. The communicative policy of the educational institution is focused on the long-term prospect of building a serious positive dialogue with target audiences, on the prospect of trust.
Introduction to logical entropy and its relationship to Shannon entropy
Authors: Ellerman David
Published: January 2022

We live in the information age. Claude Shannon, as the father of the information age, gave us a theory of communications that quantified an “amount of information,” but, as he pointed out, “no concept of information itself was defined.” Logical entropy provides that definition. Logical entropy is the natural measure of the notion of information based on distinctions, differences, distinguishability, and diversity. It is the (normalized) quantitative measure of the distinctions of a partition on a set-just as the Boole–Laplace logical probability is the normalized quantitative measure of the elements of a subset of a set. And partitions and subsets are mathematically dual concepts – so the logic of partitions is dual in that sense to the usual Boolean logic of subsets, and hence the name “logical entropy.” The logical entropy of a partition has a simple interpretation as the probability that a distinction or dit (elements in different blocks) is obtained in two independent draws from the underlying set. The Shannon entropy is shown toalsobe based on this notion of information-as-distinctions; it is the average minimum number of binary partitions (bits) that need to be joined to make all thesamedistinctions of the given partition. Hence all the concepts of simple, joint, conditional, and mutual logical entropy can be transformed into the corresponding concepts of Shannon entropy by a uniform non-linear dit-bit transform. And finally logical entropy linearizes naturally to the corresponding quantum concept. The quantum logical entropy of an observable applied to a state is the probability that two different eigenvalues are obtained in two independent projective measurements of that observable on that state.
Contrôle de front d’onde de la lumière en milieux complexes: 10 ans d'avancées scientifiques
Authors: Popoff Sébastien M. , Gigan Sylvain
Published: January 2022

Depuis la fin des années 2000, les techniques de modulation du front d’onde ont connu un grand essor pour les applications aux milieux complexes. Ces milieux, en particulier les milieux biologiques épais et les fibres optiques multimodes, mélangent la lumière rendant l’imagerie impraticable. En permettant de focaliser la lumière ou de reconstruire des signaux à travers ces milieux, le contrôle du front d’onde a permis de nombreuses avancées pour l’imagerie et les télécommunications.
Imagerie dans le brouillard à longue distance
Authors: Alouini Mehdi , Bretenaker Fabien , Fade Julien , Panigrahi Swapnesh , Ramachandran Hema
Published: January 2022

D’une rencontre en 1999 naît une aventure scientifique entre le Raman Research Institute de Bangalore (Inde) et deux laboratoires français autour de l’imagerie en milieux diffusants à longue distance pour l’imagerie en conditions de visibilité dégradées. Mêlant approches polarimétriques et modulation/démodulation temporelle des images, ces travaux ont conduit à développer plusieurs prototypes d’imageurs originaux, permettant des gains en contraste significatifs sur la visibilité de balises lumineuses en conditions de brouillard réelles.
Early-Onset Vascular Leukoencephalopathy Caused by Bi-Allelic NOTCH3 Variants
Authors: Stellingwerff Menno D. , Nulton Corinne , Helman Guy , Roosendaal Stefan D. , Benko William S. , Pizzino Amy , Bugiani Marianna , Vanderver Adeline , Simons Cas , van der Knaap Marjo S.
Published: January 2022

Objective Heterozygous NOTCH3 variants are known to cause cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), with patients typically presenting in adulthood. We describe three patients presenting at an early age with a vascular leukoencephalopathy. Genome sequencing revealed bi-allelic variants in the NOTCH3 gene.

Methods Clinical records and available MRI and CT scans of three patients from two unrelated families were retrospectively reviewed.

Results The patients presented at 9 to 14 months of age with developmental delay, seizures, or both. The disease course was characterized by cognitive impairment and variably recurrent strokes, migraine attacks, and seizures. MRI findings pointed at a small vessel disease, with extensive cerebral white matter abnormalities, atrophy, lacunes in the basal ganglia, microbleeds, and microcalcifications. The anterior temporal lobes were spared. Bi-allelic cysteine-sparing NOTCH3 variants in exons 1, 32, and 33 were found.

Interpretation This study indicates that bi-allelic loss-of-function NOTCH3 variants may cause a vascular leukoencephalopathy, distinct from CADASIL.