bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Впровадження методики занять аеробікою з спеціальними медичними групами щодо забезпечення ефективності процесу оздоровлення
Authors: Shepelenko Tetyana Valeriivna , Buts Alla Mykolayivna , Lutsenko Larisa Serhiivna
Published: April 2023

у роботі надаються рекомендації з проведення практичних занять з фізичного виховання зі студентами спеціальних медичних груп за методикою аеробіки для забезпечення ефективності процесу оздоровлення студентів, що у свою чергу приводить до підвищення фізичної підготовленості, зацікавленості у підвищенні фізичного стану у студентів з відхиленнями у стані здоров’я.
Применение средств физической культуры для становления молодого специалиста технического вуза
Authors: Bondar Ekaterina Abdullaevna , Kosukhin Viktor Viktorovich
Published: April 2023

В статье рассмотрена роль  физической культуры  в подготовке будущих специалистов, вопросы укрепления и сохранения здоровья  студентов с помощью средств физической культуры.
Психофизическая адаптация студентов к аудиторным видам учебной деятельности с учетом гендерных различий
Authors: Gorskaya Inessa Yurievna , Petrova Dinara Damirovna
Published: April 2023

В статье представлены результаты изучения гендерных особенностей срочной адаптации студентов физкультурного вуза к аудиторной нагрузке по показателям психофизических параметров. Выявлены характер, направленность и количественные величины изменений психофизических показателей после дневной аудиторной нагрузки. Определено содержание рекреационных мероприятий, оптимизирующих психофизическое состояние студентов в ходе обучения.
Эффективность метода хореотерапии в комплексной реабилитации артистов цирка с травмами голеностопного сустава
Authors: Zhigalova Natalya Borisovna , Ivanova Nadezhda Leonidovna
Published: April 2023

В статье представлена разработанная программа восстановления артистов цирка после травм голеностопного сустава с использованием метода хореотерапии и оценена ее эффективность.
Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of Late Onset Multiple Sclerosis in East-Azerbaijan, Iran; A Population-Based Study
Authors: Nasiri Ehsan , Naseri Amirreza , Abbasgholizadeh Pouya , Fahidi Ali , Talebi Mahnaz
Published: April 2023

Background: Late-onset multiple sclerosis (LOMS) is defined as symptoms initiating at an age above 50. Objective: This study aims to determine the clinical and epidemiological aspects of LOMS in East-Azerbaijan province, Iran. Methods: This population-based study recruited nearly all MS patients to the end of 2020, who were diagnosed at age≥50, by referring to the only local MS registry center. We investigated prevalence, sex, age-of-onset, first clinical presentation, family history, and gap of diagnosis. Also, we compared the disease characteristics between male and female cases. Results: Out of 4905 total cases of MS, 217 cases (4.42%) were LOMS. The mean age of onset was 53.80±3.41 years with a maximum age of 68 years. The most common age group of the patients was 50 to 55 years (69.1%). The frequency by sex of LOMS in females (150) was greater than males (67). Positive family history was seen in 6.17%, and in 41% of the patients, the disease was diagnosed in a timely manner. Early symptoms were motor (31.3%), sensory (24.8%), optic neuritis (23%), cerebellar symptoms (13.8%), and brainstem symptoms (6.9%). The first presentation of the disease was different between male and female cases (P-value<0.01). Motor symptoms were the most prevalent first clinical presentation in female cases (37.6%), while in male cases, cerebellar symptoms (25.8%) were the most common. Conclusion: LOMS is not a rare condition. Increasing knowledge in the diagnosis, as well as increasing awareness of the disease in the general population, leads to early diagnosis of LOMS and prevention of consequences.
Effects of Patient and Tumor Characteristics on Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Guide for Selective Node Dissection
Authors: Altiner Saygin , Kozan Ramazan , Cihangir Emral Ahmet , Taneri Ferit , Karamercan Ahmet
Published: April 2023

Background: Prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is still controversial. This study aimed to analyze the factors related to the patient and tumor characteristics affecting central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTC patients and to evaluate the contribution of the results to shaping the surgical treatment algorithm. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-five PTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and CLND were evaluated retrospectively. Histopathology reports were examined to reveal tumor characteristics. The CLNM ratio and the relationship between CLNM with clinicopathological and demographic characteristics were analyzed. Results: The incidence of CLNM was 54.9% (95 CI%: 49−60.8). Male gender (P=0.027), age<45 years (P=0.016), tumor size≥9.5 mm (P<0.001), lymphovascular invasion (P<0001) and extracapsular invasion (P=0.007) were factors that increased the risk of metastasis. The follicular variant decreased the risk (P=0.010). There was no relationship between CLNM and focality (P=0.054). A low-to-moderate correlation was found between tumor diameter and the metastatic lymph node (MLN) number/total lymph node number ratio (r=0.396, P<0.001). Conclusion: A selective prophylactic CLND strategy can be applied in cN0 patients. As the tumor diameter increases in PTC, both the risk of CLNM and the number of MLN increase. Lymphovascular and extracapsular invasion are other factors that increase the risk. The follicular variant is associated with a lower risk of CLNM. Male patients who are under the age of 45 and have a tumor diameter of 9.5 mm or more are definite candidates for prophylactic CLND.
Microscopic Unilateral Approach for Bilateral Decompression of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Kaptan Hülagü , Kasimcan Ömür , Özyörük Şafak , Yılmaz Murat
Published: April 2023

Background: This is a study based on single-surgeon data on spinal stenosis surgery via microscopic approach. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of the unilateral approach to bilateral decompression and the usage of Taylor retractors and brain spatula in patients with spinal stenosis. Methods: This is a retrospective study on bilateral decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis using a microscopic unilateral approach by a single surgeon, between April 2015 and March 2018. In total, 50 patients were operated due to single level lumbar spinal stenosis. All patients were evaluated by preoperative and postoperative plain radiographs and magnetic resonance (MR) images. Walking distance (WD), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and Odom’s criteria were evaluated for follow-up. Results: One level of the lumbar spine was surgically decompressed in all patients. The median age of patients was 64.6 (51– 82). Of the patients, 72% (36) were women, and 28% (14) were men. Most patients had refractory low back pain (96%) after conservative treatment. The stenotic levels of the cases were as follows: L3–4, 23(46%); L4–5, 24(48%); and L5–S1, 3 (6%). VAS scores decreased in all patients after surgery. According to Odom’s criteria, an excellent or good score was found in 43 patients at the 12th follow-up examination. WDs increased up to 1000 meters for 41 patients. Conclusion: The microscopic unilateral approach to bilateral decompression is an effective method for decompression in spinal stenosis. Via this approach, surgical trauma is reduced and surgically induced instability is avoided as much as possible.
The Role of Ductal Lavage Cytology in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Kamalı Gülçin Harman , Kamali Sedat
Published: April 2023

Background: Nipple discharge is a common finding which may be a symptom of breast cancer, but it is mostly caused by benign causes. A surgical biopsy followed by a histopathological examination is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of pathological nipple discharge. Non-surgical diagnostic methods should be considered to reduce the need for intervention. Ductal lavage cytology (DLC) is performed by washing and examining the ductal discharge. The usefulness of examining spontaneous discharge is controversial. This study’s aim is to evaluate the usefulness in surgical decision-making of ultrasonography (USG), mammography (MMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ductography, and DLC in patients with pathological nipple discharge. Methods: Between 2011 and 2018, we retrospectively analyzed 141 patients with pathological nipple discharge who were planned to undergo a surgical procedure and were found to have pathology. In our study, the diagnostic efficiency of DLC for breast cancer diagnosis was compared with USG, MMG, MRI, and ductography. Results: USG was performed in all patients, MMG in 51, MRI in 56, ductography in 46 patients, and cytological samples were taken from 63 patients. Twelve of 17 patients with malignant pathology were reported cytologically as suspected malignancy. The sensitivity of DLC was 70.5% (95% CI: 0.489–0.922), and its specificity was 94.1% (95% CI: 0.862–1.020). Conclusion: Numerous studies report that cytology is not adequate for final diagnosis. Negative cytology does not exclude the possibility of malignancy, and positive results do not help in the differential diagnosis.
Characterizing Genotypes and Phenotypes Associated with Dysfunction of Channel-Encoding Genes in a Cohort of Patients with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Ehtesham Naeim , Mosallaei Meysam , Beheshtian Maryam , Khoshbakht Shahrouz , Fadaee Mahsa , Vazehan Raheleh , Faraji Zonooz Mehrshid , Karimzadeh Parvaneh , Kahrizi Kimia , Najmabadi Hossein
Published: April 2023

Background: Ion channel dysfunction in the brain can lead to impairment of neuronal membranes and generate several neurological diseases, especially neurodevelopmental disorders. Methods: In this study, we set out to delineate the genotype and phenotype spectrums of 14 Iranian patients from 7 families with intellectual disability (ID) and/or developmental delay (DD) in whom genetic mutations were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in 7 channel-encoding genes: KCNJ10, KCNQ3, KCNK6, CACNA1C, CACNA1G, SCN8A, and GRIN2B. Moreover, the data of 340 previously fully reported ID and/or DD cases with a mutation in any of these seven genes were combined with our patients to clarify the genotype and phenotype spectrum in this group. Results: In total, the most common phenotypes in 354 cases with ID/DD in whom mutation in any of these 7 channel-encoding genes was identified were as follows: ID (77.4%), seizure (69.8%), DD (59.8%), behavioral abnormality (29.9%), hypotonia (21.7%), speech disorder (21.5%), gait disturbance (20.9%), and ataxia (20.3%). Electroencephalography abnormality (33.9%) was the major brain imaging abnormality. Conclusion: The results of this study broaden the molecular spectrum of channel pathogenic variants associated with different clinical presentations in individuals with ID and/or DD.
Altered Expression of hsa_circ_0001445 and hsa_circ_0020397 in Breast Cancer Representing Associations with BMI and Reproductive Factors
Authors: Firoozi Zahra , Mohammadisoleimani Elham , Dastsooz Hassan , Daraei Abdolreza , Dastgheib Seyed Alireza , Raoofat Atefeh , Mansoori Hosein , Mansoori Yaser , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi
Published: April 2023

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), one of the recent subclasses of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), show pivotal functions in regulation of gene expression and have significant roles in malignancies including breast cancer (BC). This study was aimed to assess the hsa_circ_0001445 and hsa_circ_0020397 expression and role in BC, as well as the potential circRNA/miRNA/mRNA crosstalk in these contexts. Methods: The expression of hsa_circ_0001445 and hsa_circ_0020397 in 50 breast tumors and 50 normal tissues adjacent to the tumors was investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Finally, bioinformatics analyses were used to uncover hsa_circ_0001445, hsa_circ_0020397-miRNA-mRNA potential regulatory networks. Results: The hsa_circ_0001445 expression was considerably downregulated in malignant tissues compared to their normal counterparts (P=0.020), while the hsa_circ_0020397 showed an upregulated pattern (P<0.001). Additionally, it was observed that the higher expression of hsa_circ_0001445 was associated with hair dye avoidance (P=0.034) and normal body mass index (BMI) (P=0.016) while hsa_circ_0020397 over-expression had an important association with a lack of vitamin D consumption (P=0.039). On the other hand, lower expression of hsa_circ_0001445 was significantly associated with age at menarche ˂14 years (P=0.027). Our study also revealed that the two circRNAs have potential ability to regulate key mRNAs and miRNAs in competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Conclusion: It is suggested that hsa_circ_0001445 and hsa_circ_0020397 with two opposite roles may be involved in BC development through sponging some miRNAs regulating ceRNA networks. However, their molecular interactions should be validated by further functional studies.
Mitigation Methods of Sick Building Syndrome With an Emphasis on Indoor Height Setting
Authors: Samudro Harida , Samudro Ganjar , Mangkoedihardjo Sarwoko
Published: April 2023

The condition of the space environment as a result of the interaction of physical, chemical, and biological factors, in a complex way, can have acute and chronic effects on the physical and psychological health of the occupants. This was the incidence of sick building syndrome, and efforts to reduce and eliminate the syndrome were presented in this case study. The aim was to produce healthy indoor quality and sustainable use by its occupants. The methods used minimum Indonesian standards regarding procedures for planning the housing environment in urban areas. The analysis of changes in the indoor volume employed indoor height variables for a particular floor area to apply flexibility to various building layouts. The variability of changes in the pollutant exposure area and indoor air volume was expressed as a relative change. Setting indoor height was a significant determinant for maintaining healthy indoor air quality through diluting air against pollutants. An additional 0.5 m of room height could increase the air volume by 15%-20% greater than the increase in the pollutant area. It was an effective method both at the design and building renovation stages. The physical and thermal mitigation was generally performed at the building use stage. Some of the conducted approaches included air conditioning (AC), electric or manual ventilation, and chemical-phytotechnological mitigation indoors by adding chemicals to space. The methods of indoor depollution during the use of buildings are still necessary using physical and chemical-phytotechnological methods by placing decorative plants.
The Model of Employee Presenteeism: A Systematic Review of Studies with a Meta-Synthesis Approach
Authors: Dehghanan Hamed , Amiri Maghsoud , Yazdanshenas Mehdi , Ghafoorifard Mahdi
Published: April 2023

Background. The health of employees and the work environment is important for any organization, but some organizational phenomena challenge this issue. One of the emerging organizational phenomena is presenteeism, which causes an employee to decide to be at work despite being sick (physical or mental) and feeling unwell. The aim of the current research is to provide a model of employee presenteeism based on factors affecting this behavioral phenomenon. Methods. In this study, by Meta-synthesis method, all the researches of reliable databases that were related to the research topic from 1991 to 2022 were systematically examined and finally, following the entry and exit criteria, 78 articles were identified and analyzed. Results. The results showed that the most important factors affecting employee attendance can be designed in the form of a three-dimensional model with 13 core categories and 60 components. In this model, three main dimensions include behavioral, structural and contextual dimensions. 13 core categories also include organizational characteristics and procedures, job characteristics, human resources management of the organization, organizational culture, health status of the individual, employee's attitude and perception towards the consequences of absenteeism or presenteeism, Organizational communications and interactions, Individual characteristics, Individual personality, Job and organizational attitude, Cultural and social factors, Economic factors of society and Legislation and infrastructure. Conclusion. The results of the synthesis and analysis of 78 articles in this research showed that presenteeism is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that is caused by various factors, and the correct management of this behavior in the organization depends on careful attention to the pattern identified in this research.
Assessing the Quality of Services for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Northwestern Iran
Authors: Iezadi Shabnam , Shahrokhi Hasan , Taghavinejad Namin Shahin , Hasanzadeh Hayedeh , Gholipour Kamal , Rahimkhani Delnia , Ghiasi Akbar
Published: April 2023

Background. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder described by problems in behavioral and social interactions, stereotyped interests, and repetitive actions. Although the quality of ASD services is one of the most important predictors of the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation interventions, it has received no research attention in Iran. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the quality of ASD services in the Ardabil and East-Azerbaijan provinces of Iran. Methods. The target population of this cross-sectional study included the parents of 2-14-years-old children with ASD. To collect the required data, a questionnaire consisting of four sections inquiring about demographic, diagnostic, and behavioral features as well as the quality of services was used. Service quality had four domains including participation in decisions, care coordination, continuity of care, and timeliness. Data were analyzed using SPSS-19. Results. According to the results, the participation in decisions with a mean score of 66.84 (41.21) had the highest score. Also, the total score of quality of services was 61.69 (30.32), suggesting that the quality of services delivered to children with ASD was moderate. Conclusion. Although the service quality score was above the average, the gap between the current situation and the ideal situation was large; therefore, there was an urgent need for making interventions to improve the quality of services.
Where is Equity in HiAP?; Comment on "A Realist Explanatory Case Study Investigating How Common Goals, Leadership, and Committed Staff Facilitate Health in All Policies Implementation in the Municipality of Kuopio, Finland"
Authors: Amri Michelle , Bump Jesse B.
Published: April 2023

Health equity is no longer a central feature of Health in All Policies (HiAP) approaches despite its presence in select definitions of HiAP. In other words, HiAP is not just about considering health, but also health equity. But as HiAP has become more mainstream, its success around health equity has been muted and largely non-existent. Given the normative underpinning and centrality of equity in HiAP, equity should be better considered in HiAP and particularly when considering what ‘successful’ implementation may look like. Raising health on the radar of policymakers is not mutually exclusive from considering equity. Taking an incremental approach to considering equity in HiAP can yield positive results. This article discusses these ideas and presents potential actions to restore HiAP’s once central equity objectives, which include: seeking synergies focused on health equity with those who hold different convictions, both in terms of goals and measures of success; considering the conditions that allow HiAP to be fostered, such as good governance; and drawing on research on HiAP and other multisectoral approaches.
Bibliometrics, the "Clinical Diagnostics" of Research Impact; Comment on ""We’re Not Providing the Best Care If We Are Not on the Cutting Edge of Research": A Research Impact Evaluation at a Regional Australian Hospital and Health Service"
Authors: Abramo Giovanni , D’Angelo Ciriaco Andrea
Published: April 2023

Following the Townsville Hospital and Health Service (THHS) strategic revision as a "research-based" institution, A. Brown et al have investigated the impact of THHS research, and its key drivers, based on 15 stakeholder interviews and two quantitative indicators. This commentary argues that the quantitative analyses and findings would have benefitted from applying evaluative bibliometrics, hopefully, conducted by experienced bibliometricians. We present the potential of bibliometrics for assessing the scholarly impact of research, as well as a few examples of its application to the case of THHS, for informing research policies and strategies.
The Key Role of Social Movements in Protecting the Health of People and the Planet; Comment on "Ensuring Global Health Equity in a Post-pandemic Economy"
Authors: Bodini Chiara
Published: April 2023

In his recent article, titled "Ensuring Global Health Equity in a Post-pandemic Economy", Ronald Labonté addresses a key challenge the world is facing, trying to ‘build back’ after the global crisis related to the COVID-19 pandemic. He explores and critically examines different policy options, from a more inclusive ‘stakeholder model’ of capitalism, to a greater role of states in shaping markets and investing in the protection of health and the environment, to more radical options that propose to reframe the capitalist mantra of growth and look at different ways to value and center our societies around what really matters most to protect life. Social movements are key players in such transformation, however the political space they move in is progressively shrinking.
Prediction of obstructive coronary artery disease in patients undergoing heart valve surgery: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Hoang Sy Van , Tran Hai Phuong Nguyen , Nguyen Kha Minh , Tran Phong Thanh , Huynh Khoa Le Anh , Nguyen Nghia Thuong
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Estimating the probability of obstructive coronary artery disease in patients undergoing noncoronary cardiac surgery should be considered compulsory. Our study sought to evaluate the prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery and to utilize predictive methodology of concomitant obstructive coronary artery disease in these patients. Methods: The retrospective study cohort was derived from a tertiary care hospital registry of patients undergoing coronary angiogram prior to valvular heart operations. Decision tree, logistic regression, and support vector machine models were built to predict the probability of the appearance of obstructive coronary artery disease. A total of 367 patients from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the study population was 57.3±9.3 years, 45.2% of the patients were male. Of 367 patients, 76 (21%) patients had obstructive coronary artery disease. The decision tree, logistics regression, and support vector machine models had an area under the curve of 72% (95% CI: 62% - 81%), 67% (95% CI: 56% - 77%), and 78% (95% CI: 68% - 87%), respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that hypertension (OR 1.98; P=0.032), diabetes (OR 2.32; P=0.040), age (OR 1.05; P=0.006), and typical angina (OR 5.46; P<0.001) had significant role in predicting the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Conclusion: Our study revealed that approximately one-fifth of patients who underwent valvular heart surgery had concomitant obstructive coronary artery disease. The support vector machine model showed the highest accuracy compared to the other model.
Impact of end stage renal disease on the clinical outcomes of diabetics admitted for heart failure: Analysis of national inpatient sample
Authors: Almani Muhammad Usman , Zhang Yaqi , Arshad Muhammed Hamza , Usman Muhammad , Ayub Muhammad Talha
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Patients with diabetes and heart failure (HF) can have varying outcomes depending on whether they also have End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with diabetes and HF with and without ESRD. Methods: Data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2016-2018 was analyzed to find hospitalizations for patients with HF as the main diagnosis and diabetes as a secondary diagnosis, with and without ESRD. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding factors. Results: In the total cohort of 12215 patients with a principal diagnosis of heart failure and secondary diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, the in-hospital mortality rate was 2.5%. Patients with ESRD had higher odds of in-hospital mortality (1.37x) compared to those without ESRD. The mean difference in length of stay was higher for patients with ESRD (0.49 days) and in total hospital charges (13360 US$). Patients with ESRD had higher odds of developing acute pulmonary edema, cardiac arrest, and requiring endotracheal intubation. However, they had lower odds of developing cardiogenic shock or requiring an intra-aortic balloon pump insertion. Conclusion: The results suggest that ESRD leads to higher in-patient mortality, length of stay, and total hospital charges for patients with diabetes admitted for HF. The lower incidence of cardiogenic shock and intra-aortic balloon pump insertion in patients with ESRD may be due to timely dialysis.
Effects of glargine on hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus type II undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft: A randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Sheybani Shima , Kahrom Mahdi , Ganjali Raheleh , Kalati Seyedeh Mahsa , Zirak Nahid , Ghorani Vahideh
Published: April 2023

Introduction: In this trial, effects of glargine on hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus type II who were undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CAGB), were examined. Methods: Seventy diabetic patients who were candidate for off-pump CABG were randomly divided into the following two groups (1) Control group who were treated with normal saline+regular insulin and (2) Glargine group who received glargine+regular insulin. Normal saline and glargine were administered subcutaneously 2 hours before surgery, and regular insulin was injected before, during and after the surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU) in both groups. Finally, levels of blood sugar before, 2 hours after starting the surgery and at the end of the surgery, were recorded. Blood sugar levels during ICU stay were also measured every 4 hours for 36 hours. Results: There were no significant differences in blood sugar levels between the groups at the three time points (i.e. before, 2 hours after starting the surgery and at the end of the surgery). In addition, during 36 hours of ICU stay, blood sugar levels did not show significant variations between the groups; however, 20 hours after ICU admission, blood sugar level was significantly higher in the glargine group (P=0.04). Conclusion: The results indicated that both glargine and regular insulin effectively control the blood glucose in diabetic patients undergoing CABG. However, the blood sugar fluctuation was less in the glargine group than control group.
Evaluation of the endotracheal tube cuff pressure changes during cardiac operations under cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Mahoori Alireza , Khanahmadi Shahriar , Khanahmadi Shima , Parvin Karami Nasim , Mokhtarzadehazar Peyman
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Tracheal intubation is used for most operations under general anesthesia. Prolonged hyperinflation of the tube cuff can compromise tracheal mucosal perfusion, and low pressure of the cuff may cause some other complications. The aim of this study was the evaluation of changes in intra-cuff pressure in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries under cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: In an observational study 120 patient’s candidate to cardiac operations under cardiopulmonary bypass were enrolled. After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation by same tracheal tubes, tracheal tube cuff pressure was adjusted to 20-25 mm Hg (T0). Then the cuff pressure was measured at beginning of CPB (Cardio Pulmonary Bypass) (T1), at 30º hypothermia (T2) and after separation from CPB (T3). Results: The mean cuff pressure was 33.5±7.3, 28.9±5.4, 25.6±5.2 and 28.1±3.7 at T0, T1, T2 and T3 respectively. Intra- cuff pressure changed significantly during cardiopulmonary bypass. Conclusion: The mean intra-cuff pressure was decreased during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. The decrease in cuff pressure may protect the tracheal mucosa against hypotensive ischemic injury in these patients.
Split right coronary artery with split posterior descending artery
Authors: Pandey Niraj Nirmal , Mukherjee Aprateem , Ojha Vineeta , Bansal Raghav , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: April 2023

We report a case of an 87-year-old man where coronary CT angiography incidentally demonstrated a "split" right coronary artery (RCA) featuring a "split" posterior descending artery. This case focusses on the morphological description of this variant as well as its differentiation from a "dual" or "duplicated" RCA.
Comparative assessment of surface irregularities of enamel after bonding with different techniques followed by three composite removal methods: An atomic force microscopic study
Authors: Sana Safiya , Hussain Mohammed Feroze , Kondody Rony T , Jain Priyanka
Published: April 2023

Background. To compare and assess the enamel surface roughness by Atomic Force Microscopy between ceramic and metal brackets after adhesive removal with 3 different methods. Methods. 90 extracted premolars were collected and divided equally into 3 groups G, Y, and R. With group G bonded with metallic brackets (using primer and Transbond XT), group Y with ceramic brackets (primer and Transbond XT), and group R with ceramic brackets (silane and Transbond XT). Each group was subdivided into 3 sub-groups (10 premolars each) based on the resin removal method as A: 12- flute tungsten carbide (TC) bur (high speed), B: 12- flute TC bur (low speed), and C: 30 flute TC bur (low speed). Surface roughness values were calculated and compared before bonding and also after adhesive removal by atomic force microscope (AFM). Measured data were analyzed using paired student t-test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s tests. Results. Among the groups, group G showed increased surface roughness after debonding compared to group Y and group R, with Rq value showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.047). Whereas, within the subgroups, subgroup A (12-flute TC, high speed) with Rq showed increased surface roughness which was found to be statistically significant (P<0.042). Conclusion. None of the adhesive removal methods was capable to restore the enamel to its earlier morphology; a statistically significant increase in surface roughness parameters was reported with a high-speed 12 flute TC bur for Rq and Rt.
The effect of light curing time and intensity on the bond strength and fracture resistance of orthodontic adhesive
Authors: Mohammed Omar K. , Younis Mohammed T. , Dawood Alaa E.
Published: April 2023

Background. This study aimed to measure the shear bond strength and compressive strength of orthodontic adhesives at different curing times and intensities. Methods. Ninety extracted human premolars were used. Orthodontic brackets were bonded on the buccal surface of the teeth with orthodontic adhesive light-cured using VRN-VAFU LED curing light at different curing times (1, 3 and 5 seconds) and intensities (1000, 1600 and 2300 mW/cm2 ). A universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength. The ratio of the adhesive remnant and compressive strength of the orthodontic adhesive, at each curing time at the different intensities, were also evaluated. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test. Results. The lowest bond strength values (6.4, 9.9 and 12.6 MPa) were recorded with 1000 mW/ cm2 intensity (at all curing times) in comparison with the other intensities (P<0.05). Increasing the curing time significantly increased the bond strength of the orthodontic brackets (P<0.05), except when the curing time was increased from 3 sec to 5 sec at 1600 mW/cm2 intensity. The highest compressive strength values (130.3, 147.1 and 174 MPa) were recorded at 2300 mW/ cm2 intensity (at all curing times) compared to the other intensities (P<0.05). The highest values of the ratio of the adhesive remnants were recorded at 1000 mW/cm2 intensity (at all curing times) compared to the other intensities (P<0.05). Conclusion. Although, increasing the curing time and\or the curing intensity has a positive effect on the bond strength and compressive strength of the orthodontic adhesive, it might be possible to suggest reducing the curing time of orthodontic adhesive to 1 sec at curing intensity of 2300 mW/cm2 .
A case report of Fahr’s disease presenting with cerebellar ataxia
Authors: Yazdchi Mohammad , Khanalizadeh Ramin , Forghani Nasrin , Jalali Zahra , Talebi Mahnaz
Published: April 2023

Fahr’s disease is a rare condition characterized by the symmetrical calcification of basal ganglia and dentate nuclei of the cerebellum calcification. It is usually manifested by involuntary movements and psychiatric symptoms. Ataxia has been reported as an uncommon manifestation of Fahr’s disease. Herein we introduce a 41-year-old man presenting with progressive gait disturbance who was finally diagnosed with Fahr’s disease.
A review on statins with a focus on type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sadra Vahideh , Niafar Mitar , Hosseini Vahid , Mehdizadeh Amir
Published: April 2023

Statins are the most important lipid lowering drugs and their protective effects in primary or secondary cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been well documented. However, various number of evidences have revealed that the beneficial effects of statins regarding the CVDs are not only due to their blood cholesterol lowering properties but also because of their pleiotropic effects such as inhibition of isoprenoids synthesis, immunomodulation and neuroprotection. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systemic disease with inflammatory properties and micro/macro-vascular complications. Despite the beneficial effects of statins to lower blood cholesterol level, mortality decrease due to CVD and stroke, dyslipidemia improvement, and their anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulatory properties have not well been studied, especially in T2DM. In this review, we discuss the pharmacology, pleiotropic effects, dose prescribing and side effects of statins with a focus on type 2 diabetes.
Contact of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia disorders with psychiatrists: a qualitative study of text messages from families of schizophrenia patients to psychiatrists
Authors: Seddigh Ruohollah , Soraya Shiva , Saeidi Mahdieh , Mohammadi Mahtab
Published: April 2023

Background. Caring for chronic psychiatric patients places a complex burden on patients' caregivers. Paying attention to the needs of caregivers based on the cultural conditions of the country in which they live is of particular importance to improve the quality of care. Methods. In this study, 30 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia who were treated for at least two months by a regular psychiatrist joined the study over six months. They contacted the psychiatrist via SMS when their patient was in remission. In total, 1581 text messages were sent during 3 years. All messages were evaluated by three faculty members through the qualitative content analysis method. Results. The results of this study were categorized into training, reporting, and the expression of feelings themes and several codes. Conclusion. Addressing the caregivers needs to take steps forward to improve the effective two-way treatment relationship and prevent the gap between patients, caregivers, and the health care staff. Practical Implications. Paying attention to different dimensions of caregivers' concerns while caring for patients with chronic psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia can have a significant impact on controlling the disease and improving the quality of life of patients and their family members.
The effect of training based on Orem self-care model on burden in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Dehghan Nadieh , Imani Elham , Negahi Ahmad Agha , Hosseini Teshnizi Saeed
Published: April 2023

Background. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system and most often occurs in people between the ages of 20 to 50 years. Orem's self-care model is one of the models that have had a special approach to human and health care issues. The aim of this study was to review the effect of self-care training based on the Orem model on the burden on caregivers of patients.. Methods. The present quasi-experimental study was performed on 76 main members of the family caring for patients with multiple sclerosis in Bandar Abbas with a pre-test, post-test design and a control group. The study units were randomly selected and divided into two groups of control and intervention. The intervention group was trained according to the Orem training program in patients with amnesia during 6-8 sessions of 40 minutes. In order to assess the burden on caregivers, a 22-item "Zarit" questionnaire was used and a questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention in both groups. The results were analyzed with SPSS software version 26. Results. The difference between the mean of burden before the intervention (44.6 13 13) and after the intervention (33.7 10 10) in the intervention group was significant (P<0.05), which indicated the positive effect of training on decrease in the burden. The increase in the age of the intervention group was associated with an increase in the burden on the caregivers (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the burden on caregivers and the amount of income in the intervention group (P<0.05). Conclusion. Educating the caregiver of these patients can play an important role in reducing the burden on the caregiver during the long period of care. Applying Orem self-care model enables people to play a more active role in their care and treatment, thereby improving self-care, reducing fear and dependence, increasing motivation and self-confidence, and a sense of independence. Practical Implications. Application of research findings in nursing practice, nursing service management and nursing training.
The relationship between type of mastectomy surgery and marital satisfaction and marital stress in women with breast cancer
Authors: Moayeri Hassan , foroughi Asra , Seyedoshohadaei Seyede Asrin , Rasouli Mohammad Aziz , Rezagholi Payman
Published: April 2023

Background. Breast cancer is still considered as one of the most important diseases, the most common cancer, and the second cause of death among women. It is necessary to evaluate the factors responsible for breast cancer (e.g., marital stress) since majority of the breast cancer cases in Iran are active young women hoping to live a normal social and sexual life, and because breast emptying has destructive effects on self-image and marital satisfaction. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between satisfaction and marital stress in mastectomy surgery. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 120 married women with breast cancer were selected using available methods. The data were collected using a questionnaire with three parts including demographic questions, Enrich marital satisfaction, and Stockholm marital stress. Parametric tests and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results. There was no significant relationship between marital satisfaction/marital stress and type of mastectomy surgery (P>0.01). Also, there was no significant relationship between marital satisfaction/marital stress and demographic variables (P>0.01). Conclusion. It was concluded that the marital satisfaction and marital stress had no significant relationship with the type of breast surgery. Practical Implications. Type of breast surgery had no effect on marital stress and satisfaction.
Efeito do genótipo da porca sobre as características de carcaça e da carne dos terminados
Authors: De Figueiredo Elsio Antonio Pereira , Bertol Teresinha Marisa , Costa Osmar Antonio Dalla , De Lima Gustavo Julio Monteiro , Coldebela Arlei
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho foi conduzido na Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concórdia-SC, de janeiro 2007 a fevereiro 2009, abatendo leitões produzidos por porcas matrizes Moura puro (MO) e suas cruzas com outras raças e de cachaços matrizes Embrapa MS115 em cruzamento industrial convencional em dois lotes consecutivos. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso com estrutura fatorial que incluia os fatores lote, sexo e genótipo, bem como as interações de dois fatores. Foram avaliadas 46 medidas de carcaça e de carne, em conjuntos de medidas quantitativas e laboratoriais. Houve efeito significativo de lote, sexo, genótipo, bem como da interação lote x genótipo sobre algumas características estudadas. Machos castrados apresentaram mais gordura e menos carne na carcaça do que fêmeas. Dos genótipos estudados, o genótipo MS115-LFC alcançou o limite superior em produtividade, o genótipo MS115-LWLD apresentou produtividade muito próxima deste, não sendo diferente na maioria das características avaliadas. Ambos os genótipos foram inferiores em características de marmoreio e extrato etéreo. O genótipo MS115-LDLWMO, entretanto ficou numa posição intermediária, não sendo diferente na maioria dos indicadores de produtividade, mas sendo superior em qualidade da carne. É possível melhorar o marmoreio pela utilização de linha fêmea de comprovada superioridade nessa característica.
Başkalaşımın Octorotor Boylamasına Uçuşuna Etkisi
Authors: KOSE Oguz
Published: April 2023

İnsansız hava araçları(İHA) son yıllarda popülerliği artan hava araçları olarak endüstriyel ve bilimsel çevrede dikkatleri üzerine çekmektedir. İHA’lar üzerinde bulundurduğu rotor sayısına göre isimlendirilir. Bu çalışmada döner kanat kategorisinde ve sekiz rotora sahip bir octorotor incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında octorotor kol uzunlukları değiştirilerek(uzatılarak ya da kısaltılarak) başkalaşım uygulanmıştır. Başkalaşım, İHA’larda son yıllarda uçuş üzerine olan etkisinin incelenmesi konusunda araştırmacılar tarafından tercih edilen yöntem olmuştur. Başkalaşım döner kanatlı İHA’larda en yaygın olarak kol uzunluklarının eşzamanlı ya da eş zamanlı olmayan bir şekilde değiştirilmesi ile gerçekleştirilmektedir. Başkalaşımın boylamasına uçuşa olan etkisi yükselme zamanı, yerleşme zamanı ve aşım gibi parametreler kontrol edilerek incelenmiştir. Octorotor tam modeli ve başkalaşım durumuna ait dört adet modeli Solidworks çizim programında gerçeğine uygun olarak çizilmiştir. Ardından buradan elde edilen kütle ve eylemsizlik momenti değerleri ile durum uzay modeli yaklaşımı kullanılarak Matlab/Simulink ortamında 1ᵒ’lik yörüngeyi izleyen boylamasına uçuş simülasyonları oransal-integral-türev (PID) kontrol algoritması ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Octorotor matematiksel modeli için Newton Euler yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemde doğrusal olmayan yapıya sahip hareket denklemleri doğrusal denklemlere dönüştürülmüştür. Simülasyonlarda verilen yörünge başarılı bir şekilde izlenmiş ve tasarım performans kriterlerine göre değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
Provisions for The Use of Foreign Workers in Indonesia
Authors: Flambonita Suci , Emilda Kuspraningrum  , Suartini
Published: April 2023

The use of foreign workers in Indonesia is intended to transfer knowledge and SKILL. Various requirements must be met as a condition if the entrepreneur/company wishes to bring in foreign workers. The purpose of placing foreign workers in Indonesia; first, is to meet the need for skilled and professional workers in certain fields that cannot be filled by Indonesian Migrant Workers; second, accelerating the process of national development by accelerating the process of technology transfer or knowledge transfer, especially in the industrial sector; third, provide expansion of employment opportunities for Indonesian Migrant Workers; fourth, increase foreign investment as a support for development capital in Indonesia. This type of research uses normative methods by analyzing legal provisions with statutory and case approaches, is descriptive analysis in nature which aims to describe, inventory, and analyze regarding the provisions governing foreign workers in Indonesia through library research. The discussion in this study is an effort to avoid legal problems and the excessive use of foreign workers, the government must carefully determine the policies to be taken in order to maintain a balance between foreign workers and domestic workers. The manpower aspect, especially in terms of the obligation to use Indonesian workers and the necessity to hold industrial training, transfer of knowledge and technology as well as work permits for foreign workers is an absolute requirement in relation to the use of labor.
The Effect of Worker's Optional Enrolment in Social Security (Daman) on his Right of Severance Package| A Comparative Study between the Jordanian and Egyptian Legislations
Authors:   Faculty of law, Mutah University, Jordan, Al-Zubaidi Abdullah , Nawafleh Yazeed ,   Faculty of law, Mutah University, Jordan
Published: April 2023

The current study addresses the effect of worker’s optional enrolment in Social Security on his right of severance package. Reviewing this issues related ones revealed that the worker, currently on his/her duty, is subject to compulsory enrolment in Social Security, and that the employer is legally obligated to address the Social Security Corporation in order to enroll the worker compulsorily, and is also obligated to pay the due installments of this participation. The study also revealed that the worker, currently on his/her duty, is not entitled to seek optional enrollment, given that his/her enrollment is an obligation of the employer. In case of the employer fails to inform the Social Security Corporation that the worker is currently on duty attempting the avoidance of the compulsory enrollment of the worker and not to bear the due installments, the worker may resort to optional enrollment without stating that he/she is currently on duty. If so, the worker is entitled to have the severance package, given that being subject to the provisions of the Social Security Law, as a perquisite for his entitlement to this severance package, means that he/she is not enrolled by the employer, and that his optional enrollment does not deprive him of the severance package. The results of this showed that the worker has the right to refer to the employer in order to demand the employer's contribution from the installments paid by the worker on the period of optional enrollment
AGRICULTURE OF THE VOLOGDA REGION
Authors: Маклахов А.В. , Симонов Г.А. , Марценюк Е.А.
Published: April 2023

В статье приведены показатели производства продукции растениеводства и животноводства АПК Вологодской области, а также инвестиции в сельское хозяйство. Показана роль эффективных методов хозяйствования, использование инновационных технологий для повышения качества получаемой продукции в АПК региона.

The article provides indicators of production of crop production and animal husbandry in the agro-industrial complex of the Vologda region, as well as investments in agriculture. The role of effective management methods, the use of innovative technologies to improve the quality of the products obtained in the agro-industrial complex of the region is shown.