bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obediencia mediante el dolor, discapacidad y tortura: Lecciones sobre el empleo y los efectos de las armas menos letales desde Chile y Colombia
Authors: Velásquez Valenzuela Javier , Guerrero Rivière Lucía , González Felipe
Published: December 2024

El diseño, funcionamiento y despliegue de ciertas armas menos letales (AML) se justifica en el principio técnico de la obediencia mediante el dolor (pain compliance). Este tipo de dispositivos permite a las fuerzas de seguridad emplear la fuerza en contextos donde el uso de armas de fuego convencionales no se justifica, como en protestas o desalojos. Sin embargo, su uso puede ocasionar lesiones y graves consecuencias en el sujeto pasivo del uso de la fuerza. Centrándose en los traumatismos oculares causados por proyectiles de impacto cinético durante las protestas sociales de Chile y Colombia como punto de partida, este artículo problematiza este principio técnico desde las perspectivas de la criminalística, la criminología y los estudios sobre discapacidad. Específicamente, ahondamos sobre los efectos de estas armas, incluyendo la proliferación de discapacidades permanentes entre las personas lesionadas. Recomendamos la implementación de una perspectiva de justicia con enfoque en discapacidad a la hora de evaluar y monitorear estas armas. Concluimos que, en el diseño de armas menos letales, al intentar evitar la letalidad, no se tiene en cuenta cómo sus posibles usos podrían constituir tortura, ofreciendo recomendaciones para la práctica y otras vías de investigación derivadas de nuestras provocaciones iniciales sobre las armas menos letales, la función policial y la discapacidad.
El boicot como herramienta jurídicamente legítima frente a las graves violaciones al derecho internacional en Palestina
Authors: Silhi Chahin Nadia
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo explora la legitimidad jurídica del movimiento de la sociedad civil palestina para el Boicot, la Desinversión y las Sanciones (BDS) contra el Estado de Israel por sus violaciones graves y sistemáticas del derecho internacional contra el pueblo palestino. Para ello, se comienza por explicar los orígenes, métodos y objetivos del BDS. Y, a continuación, se aborda la legitimidad jurídica del mismo en tres niveles: del sistema protección universal de derechos humanos (la ONU), en el único de los tres sistemas de protección regional donde se ha tratado (el europeo) y a nivel de jurisdicciones internas de Estados donde ha sido parte del debate jurídico de los últimos años. Se concluye que llamar al BDS es parte del ejercicio del derecho a la libertad de expresión, protegido tanto en instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos como en la mayoría de los ordenamientos jurídicos democráticos, y que así lo han entendido por regla general los tribunales internacionales y nacionales que han debido resolver estos casos.
Revisionismo, triángulos y duelos: la paradójica teoría implícita en Martin Wight
Authors: Harvey-Valdés Hugo , Castro Arcos Javier
Published: December 2024

Este artículo examina el legado teórico de Martin Wight y su impacto en la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales (RR.II.), centrado especialmente en su asociación con la Escuela Inglesa (EI). A pesar de las críticas hacia la EI por su supuesto eurocentrismo y falta de rigurosidad teórica, Wight enriqueció el análisis de la política internacional a través de un enfoque que integraba perspectivas históricas, filosóficas y éticas. Aunque Wight eludía cualquier asociación con las aproximaciones positivistas de las RR.II., desarrolló constructos alineados con todos los requisitos exigibles a una teoría internacional, proponiendo un marco analítico para comprender la coexistencia de conflictos y cooperación en un sistema internacional cambiante. Este trabajo destaca la relevancia de revalorizar las contribuciones de Wight para enriquecer las RR.II., subrayando la necesidad de explorar sus aportes implícitos como una vía para revitalizar la disciplina y abordar las dinámicas contemporáneas del sistema internacional.
China en la caricatura política chilena (1959-1972). Representaciones de un actor internacional rebelde
Authors: Valenzuela Paterakis Nicolás , Lacoste Gargantini Pablo , Celedón Acevedo Carlos
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo examina las representaciones de China en las caricaturas chilenas en el periodo crítico de la Guerra Fría, desde las tensiones sino-soviéticas a fines de los años 50 hasta el estratégico acercamiento entre China y Estados Unidos (1972), a través de cuatro medios chilenos de diversas orientaciones ideológicas: Topaze, El Siglo, El Mercurio y el Diario Ilustrado. Se abordan las caricaturas publicadas en estos periódicos a partir de dos ejes: la caracterización de uno de los actores más importantes de la Guerra Fría y su rol en el sistema internacional. El primero se ocupa de analizar cómo fue retratada la República Popular China para caracterizar los principales símbolos, referencias y tópicos utilizados. El segundo indaga el rol que se le asigna en el contexto internacional y su impacto en la política nacional y regional. Se detecta que, junto con el previsible alineamiento de los medios con los bandos en pugna y las preocupaciones propias de la Guerra Fría, existió una interpretación conjunta que identificó el surgimiento de un actor rebelde en base al orientalismo y anticomunismo corriente de la época y a expresiones propiamente chilenas que ayudan a dichas nociones.
Derecho de las mujeres a una vida libre de violencia. Comparación regional y de Chile a partir de los informes al MESECVI
Authors: Rein Venegas Tatiana
Published: December 2024

Este artículo realiza una evaluación del Estado de avance y cumplimiento de Chile a las obligaciones contraídas en el marco de la Convención de Belém do Pará, realizando en conjunto una revisión de la situación regional. Los datos analizados comprenden los informes de Chile ante el Mecanismo de Seguimiento de la Convención, los informes hemisféricos de la Tercera Ronda de Evaluación, así como las recomendaciones efectuadas por el Comité de Expertas del Mecanismo. Se consideran los derechos en principio y en política, lo que ha permitido identificar los avances del país en términos de su respuesta a la violencia contra las mujeres, como el contar con una legislación específica y un plan nacional, pero especialmente los aspectos de mejora, como la incorporación de un enfoque interseccional, aumento del presupuesto para este ámbito o la mejora en la capacitación del personal judicial.
Educación musical infantil como apoyo al aprendizaje de otras lenguas
Authors: Gisbert Caudeli Vicenta
Published: December 2024

El presente texto aborda una experiencia musical con el objetivo de proporcionar
un primer acercamiento al aprendizaje de otros idiomas. La intervención
se lleva a cabo con alumnado de dos años que reside en Tenerife (Islas
Canarias, España). El pensamiento y el lenguaje se desarrollan a través de
la escucha y la imitación, lo que posteriormente conduce a una construcción
creativa que va alcanzando un mayor grado de perfeccionamiento. El
aprendizaje de la lengua materna y el aprendizaje musical comparten raíces
comunes, ya que ambos se basan inicialmente en la escucha y la expresión.
Por esta razón, existen vínculos pedagógicos entre ellos, y en este trabajo
nos centramos en la Music Learning Theory de Edwin Gordon.
La inteligencia musical fusiona la escucha, la expresión y la comunicación, incorporando
la conexión entre estímulos musicales, táctiles y visuales. Desde
el vientre materno, los bebés reciben estímulos sonoros procedentes de su
entorno cercano, especialmente de su familia. A través de los juegos musicales,
los niños no solo se acercan a otros lenguajes, sino que también desarrollan
habilidades cognitivas y emocionales fundamentales para su crecimiento
integral. Así, se abre un camino prometedor hacia la construcción de un pensamiento
creativo y flexible, que sienta las bases para futuros aprendizajes,
tanto lingüísticos como musicales.
Tüketicilerin Yeme İçme Davranışları Üzerinde Sosyal Medya Fenomenlerinin Etkisi
Authors: Bayındır Mehmet Selman , Bayındır Bahar
Published: December 2024

Tüketici davranışları, toplumdaki birçok farklı kaynaktan gelen bilgilerden etkilenmektedir. Sosyal medya fenomenleri de tüketicilerin davranışları üzerinde büyük bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu çalışma, sosyal medya fenomenlerinin farklı kuşaklardaki tüketicilerin yeme içme davranışları üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı kapsamında nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda görüşme tekniği ile 12 katılımcıdan araştırma verileri toplanmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler gruplandırma ve kavramsal kodlamalar yoluyla analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Kuşaklar arasında ortaya çıkan farklılıklar bu yorumlamalar doğrultusunda oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar sosyal medya fenomenlerinin kuşaklar üzerinde belirgin etkilerini olduğunu göstermiştir. Tüm kuşak katılımcıları sosyal medya fenomenlerinin içeriklerdeki lezzet vaadine ve görsel çekiciliğine dikkat etmektedir. X kuşağı genellikle sosyal medya fenomenlerinin tavsiyelerine karşı daha muhafazakâr bir tutum sergilerken, Y kuşağı bu önerilere daha açık ve olumlu bir yaklaşım sergilemektedir. Z kuşağı ise sosyal medya fenomenlerinin önerilerini takip ederken aynı zamanda kendi deneyimlerine dayanarak kararlarını şekillendirme eğilimindedir.
Analisis Performa Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model dan Deep Learning Long Short-Term Memory Model untuk Peramalan Data Cuaca
Authors: Montolalu Vithiaz , Munaiseche Cindy , Krisnanda Made
Published: December 2024

Cuaca merupakan suatu aspek yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari segala aktivitas yang dilakukan manusia, sehingga informasi mengenai cuaca menjadi hal yang sangat penting. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan informasi tersebut, maka dibutuhkan untuk dilakukannya peramalan. Setiap data memiliki karakteristik tersendiri, dan pemilihan metode peramalan yang tepat merupakan hal yang sangat penting. Metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) merupakan salah satu metode statistik yang populer digunakan dalam melakukan peramalan data time-series. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) merupakan model algoritma modern deep learning yang paling cocok untuk peramalan data time-series. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis untuk membandingkan metode tradisional ARIMA dan model deep learning yaitu LSTM dalam melakukan peramalan terhadap data cuaca di daerah kota Manado untuk melihat model peramalan terbaik yang dapat digunakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari segi akurasi dari 18 pengujian yang dilakukan, model peramalan LSTM lebih unggul dari model ARIMA yang diukur dengan Mean Absolute Error (MAE) dan Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). Dari segi waktu komputasi dalam pembuatan model peramalan untuk 6 atribut data cuaca, model LSTM lebih cepat dibandingkan model ARIMA.
ANALISIS DAMPAK DIGITALISASI MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM TERHADAP PENINGKATAN POTENSI WISATA DI DESA WISATA KREBET, KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Nurhaliza Safira , Skawanti Julia Ratnawulan
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The motivation of this study is to analyze how the digitization of social media, specifically Instagram, has improved the potential for tourism in Krebet Tourism Village, Bantul Regency. With more than 50 craft studios, this community is well-known for its distinctive wooden batik products. Global issues like the COVID-19 pandemic, however, compelled managers and craftspeople to embrace digital media in order to continue marketing and promoting their products. The Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrices are utilized to assess primary and secondary data in this descriptive qualitative study. The results serve as the foundation for SWOT analysis, which is used to formulate a plan.the results of the analysis's observations, digitalization—especially Instagram—is crucial for increasing audience reach, increased tourism, and promoting local economic sustainability. By creating interesting content and maintaining an active Instagram account, Krebet Tourism Village was able to draw in visitors, particularly millennials and Gen Z, which enhanced the village's potential for tourism.
 
 
Keywords: Digitalization,Social Media, Krebet Tourism Village, SWOT Analysis.
Yapay Zeka Endeksi Kapsamında Ülke Bazlı Yapay Zeka Politika Stratejilerinin Etkinliği: Performans ve Verimlilik Değerlendirmesi İncelenmesi
Authors: Eren Fatih , Dülek Leyla Nur , Uraz Ömer Arda , Kuşcu Beyzanur , Sakallı Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırma ülkelerin ekonomik kalkınma hedeflerini desteklemek amacıyla oluşturduğu ulusal yapay zeka stratejilerini analiz etmektedir. Türkiye’nin Ulusal Yapay Zeka Stratejisi, veri erişimini artırma, yapay zeka uzmanları yetiştirme ve uluslararası iş birliğini güçlendirme gibi temel hedefler doğrultusunda tasarlanmıştır. Yapay Zeka Index platformu, yapay zekanın küresel ilerlemesini izleyerek ulusal politikaların etkisini değerlendirmek için önemli bir araç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, ülkelerin yapay zeka politikalarını karşılaştırarak stratejilerin etkinliğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, “Yapay Zeka Endeksi Kapsamında Ülke Bazlı Yapay Zeka Politika Stratejilerinin Etkinliği” veri seti kullanılmıştır. Google Looker Studio ile veri görselleştirmeleri yapılmış, K-means kümeleme yöntemiyle benzer yapay zeka kapasitelerine sahip ülkeler gruplandırılmıştır. Regresyon analizi, yapay zeka yatırımları ile ekonomik göstergeler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelerken, karar ağaçları analizi stratejilerin verimliliğine etki eden faktörleri belirlemiştir. Zaman serisi analizi ise stratejilerin sürdürülebilirliği konusunda uzun vadeli öngörüler sunmuştur. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda yapay zekanın küresel ekonomilere etkisi giderek artmaktadır. Başarı; güçlü bir Ar-Ge altyapısı, eğitim seviyesi, hükümet politikaları ve kültürel faktörlerin uyumuna bağlıdır. Girişimciliğin teşvik edilmesi, etik değerlere öncelik verilmesi ve uluslararası iş birliği imkanlarının artırılması bu süreçte kritik öneme sahiptir.
Appropriate Complementary Feeding Among Indonesian Children Aged 6-23 Months: A Descriptif Literature Review
Authors: Suyitno Suyitno , Maretalinia Maretalinia , Khan Muhammad Uzair , Supriatin Supriatin
Published: December 2024

The introduction of complementary foods (CF), which includes solid and semi-solid foods alongside breastfeeding, is crucial for ensuring adequate nutrition and supporting healthy growth and development in children aged 6-23 months. In Indonesia, a country with diverse cultures and socioeconomic conditions, family dynamics significantly influence practices and choices related to CF. These factors collectively shape the nutritional status and health outcomes of children during this critical developmental period. This descriptive literature review was conducted by searching electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and local Indonesian academic repositories. Keywords used included "complementary feeding," "family dynamics," "child nutrition," and "Indonesia." The review focused on studies published in the last ten years to ensure relevance and timeliness. The results indicate that inappropriate CF practices, such as the early or late introduction of solid foods and a lack of food diversity, contribute to malnutrition. Nutritional status in this critical age group is heavily influenced by the type and timing of CF, with children receiving diverse and timely foods showing better growth outcomes. CF practices are also closely related to the incidence of diarrhea in infants. Factors such as the child's age, nutritional status, breastfeeding practices, and hygiene can affect the risk of diarrhea. Educational interventions and the provision of fortified foods can improve the growth and micronutrient status of children aged 6-23 months. Findings from various studies highlight the crucial role of appropriate CF practices in influencing the nutritional status, growth, and overall health of children aged 6-24 months. Comprehensive strategies that include education, fortification, and the promotion of local food cultures are essential for improving the nutritional outcomes and development of young children.
ENTRE TEMPOS E HISTÓRIAS:
Authors: Duarte Dagmar Ribeiro
Published: December 2024

Este texto comporta um recorte da pesquisa “Tempos, memórias e histórias: narrativas sobre os lugares e os cotidianos da cidade ‘Princesa do Sertão’”, desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Territoriais (Proet), na Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB). Trata-se de uma pesquisa narrativa ancorada no método (auto)biográfico, com inspiração na abordagem fenomenológica, cuja intenção foi compreender as reminiscências das experiências vividas por um grupo de idosos, na faixa etária de 60 a 85 anos idosos, que desempenha diferentes atividades na cidade de Feira de Santana e, desde a mais tenra idade, vivência e experiência a cidade, circula por seus lugares, acompanha e testemunha as mudanças e permanências nos lugares da Princesa do Sertão ao longo do tempo e, nesses percursos, construiu suas histórias de vida nesse espaço urbano no devir da vida. Por meio das narrativas, ao desvelarem-se e mobilizarem memórias – individual e coletiva – e narrá-las, os participantes da pesquisa contam histórias sobre a vida – social, política, econômica, cultural e educacional –, na cidade Princesa do Sertão, cujos testemunhos atribuem sentidos e significados às vivências e revelam experiências nos cotidianos e lugares da cidade. A partir dos relatos das memórias evocadas pelo grupo de idosos, foram entrecruzadas trajetórias das histórias de vida com a história da cidade, as vivências, experiências cotidianas e os modos como foram sendo construídos os laços de identidade e de e afetividade com os seus lugares no devir do tempo.
ESTUDO MORFOPEDOLÓGICO DE UMA TOPOSSEQUÊNCIA DE SOLOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE TERRA ROXA - PR
Authors: Batista Marcelo , Cunha José Edésio , Roxa Anderson Sandro
Published: December 2024

A erosão é problema ambiental que atinge solos agricultáveis brasileiros, principalmente os de textura média, muito suscetíveis aos processos de degradação dos solos. O trabalho apresenta o levantamento de uma vertente no setor de ocorrência dos arenitos do grupo Caiuá, na bacia hidrográfica do rio Paraná. O estudo teve como ponto principal as transformações verticais e laterais dos horizontes pedológicos e seu funcionamento físico-químico, associado ao uso e ao manejo de cultivos temporários. O trabalho, empregou a metodologia da análise estrutural da cobertura pedológica, aplicada a uma Topossequência Terra Roxa (T1). Este processo de entendimento da vertente fez uso de sondagens realizadas a trado até os 180 cm de profundidade, foram coletadas amostras nas profundidades de 0-10, 20-30, 40-50, 60-70, 80-90, 100-110, 120-130, 140-150 e 160-180 cm, foram analisadas e identificadas as variações presentes. Posteriormente, foram abertas três trincheiras: TR1, TR2, TR3. A topossequência estudada apresenta um sistema pedológico composto por três classes de solo: Latossolo Vermelho Eutrófico, Nitossolo Vermelho Eutrófico e Gleissolo. Os atributos físicos, granulométricos e químicos determinados nos horizontes pedológicos e identificados nas trincheiras. Os latossolos ocupam a parte superior e baixa da vertente, o Nitossolo a média, o Gleissolo, no fundo de vale. A granulometria indicou um acréscimo das frações de areia no fundo de vale. Os resultados apontaram para um sistema pedológico em uma área de contato entre solos argilosos e solos arenosos em transformação, onde atuam os mecanismos de deslocamento de areia para fundo de vale e o escoamento hídrico superficial. A metodológica aplicada a uma vertente característica do município de Terra Roxa, região Oeste do Estado do Paraná. Tem como objetivo conhecer a distribuição vertical e lateral dos solos na vertente, para entender as modificações impostas por seu uso e manejo e o papel dos cultivos temporários na origem e na potencialidade dos processos erosivos na unidade de paisagem de Guaíra.
Critism of Hadith Narratives in the light of Shari'ah Maxims: An Inductive study of Kutub al-Mawdu'at
Authors: Shamsu Lilly Suzana
Published: December 2024

القواعد الشرعية أحكام شرعية كلية تنطبق على جميع جزئياتها، وقد كان للمحدثين عناية خاصة بها في مجال دراية الأحاديث النبوية ونقد مروياتها. ويهدف البحث إلى بيان مفهوم القواعد الشرعية وبيان أنواعها، وجمع القواعد الشرعية التي وظفها علماء الحديث في نقد الروايات الحديثية، وإبراز عنايتهم بنقد متن الحديث، وذلك من خلال تطبيقاتهم العملية في الكتب الخاصة بالأحاديث الموضوعة. وقد اعتمد البحث على منهجين رئيسين، وهما؛ المنهج الاستقرائي لتتبع القواعد الشرعية التي وظفها مؤلفو كتب الموضوعات في نقد الروايات الحديثية؛ والمنهج التحليلي لدراسة التطبيقات العملية للمحدثين في هذا المجال، وبيان الآثار الناتجة عن توظيف المحدثين للقواعد الشرعية في نقد تلك الروايات. وقد أظهر البحث مدى عناية المحدثين بالقواعد الشرعية في كتب موضوعات الحديث، حيث وظفوها في التعرف على الأحاديث الباطلة فجعلوها علامة من علامات الوضع في الحديث من جهة، كما وظفوها في الحكم على بعض الروايات الحديثية بالوضع دون الحاجة إلى النظر في أسانيدها من جهة أخرى.
Konsep Qarā'in Al-Tarjīḥ Dalam Menyelesaikan Isu Perawi Muhmal: Kajian Terhadap Muqarrar Al-Takhrīj Karya Ḥātim Al-ʿAwnī
Authors: DZULRAIDI DZULFAIDHI , AYUB DANIAL HAZIM , AMAT FAMSIR @ AMAT TAMSIR MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ
Published: December 2024

Perselisihan penentuan status hadith dalam wacana kritik hadith disebabkan perbezaan aliran dalam kalangan tokoh-tokoh hadith. Antara polemik yang berlaku adalah berkenaan isu kesamaran indentiti seseorang perawi atau perawi muhmal. Iḥyā’ Manhaj al-Mutaqaddimīn (IMM) muncul sebagai sebuah aliran baru dalam wacana ini dan seorang daripada tokoh aliran ini ialah Ḥātim al-ʿAwnī ada mengetengahkan qarā’in al-tarjīh sebagai solusi dalam menyelesaikan isu ini. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek qarāʿin al-tarjīḥ dalam menyelesaikan isu perawi muhmal oleh Ḥātim al-ʿAwnī berdasarkan karya beliau Muqarrar al-Takhrīj wa Manhaj al-Hukm ‘alā al-Ḥadīth. Metodologi yang digunakan ialah pendekatan kualitatif berdasarkan analisis dokumentasi sebagai pengumpulan data dan analisis kandungan sebagai metode analisis data. Kajian ini mendapati Ḥātim al-ʿAwnī telah merumuskan sebanyak 14 kaedah bagi menyelesaikan isu perawi muhmal dan menatijahkan kepada kaedah kelapan yang menggunakan konsep qarā’in al-tarjīh. Hasilnya, Ḥātim al-ʿAwnī membawakan tiga bentuk qarā’in al-tarjīḥ dalam menyelesaikan isu perawi muhmal bagi membantu para pengkaji hadith dalam menilai status sesebuah hadith. Justifikasinya, kajian ini mencadangkan sebuah kajian lanjutan bagi mengenal pasti metode qarā’in al-tarjīḥ tokoh aliran lain. Selain itu, sebuah kajian aplikasi qarā’in al-tarjīḥ dalam kalangan ulama terdahulu terutamanya para pengkritik hadith mutaqaddimīn dapat dilakukan bagi mengetahui praktikaliti perbahasan ini ketika zaman periwayatan hadith bersanad masih berjalan.
Kata Kunci: Qarā’in al-Tarjīḥ; muhmal; Ḥātim al-ʿAwnī; Kritik Hadith; Iḥyā’ Manhaj al-Mutaqaddimīn (IMM)
Increasing access to psychological provision: Implementing a psychology drop-in clinic in a community drug and alcohol service
Authors: Appiah-Kusi Elizabeth , Aqra Mariam , Kirkham-Leahy Phoebe , Heavey Vincent , Barber William , Scott Gemma , Mitcheson Luke
Published: December 2024

Individuals with problematic substance use, often have co-occurring mental health problems. However, access to evidence-based treatment is often difficult. Within a problematic substance use service in South London, it was found that there were some difficulties in accessing the in-house psychology team. To support equitable access to psychology, a drop-in psychology clinic was implemented. Despite some teething problems, the drop-in clinic is showing early promise that it can facilitate access for clients who were previously being missed in the psychology offer. Reflections are offered on the implementation of this clinic and ideas for future development of the clinic discussed..
EDUKASI JAJANAN SEHAT PADA SISWA SD LABORATORIUM UNPATTI
Authors: Rachman Eka , Husein Anggun Lestari , Sanaky Marliyati
Published: December 2024

Abstract
School Children's Snack Food (PJAS) means food or drinks that are sold in the school environment. Snack food plays a fairly important role in providing energy and nutritional intake for school-age children. Health education has a crucial role in changing individual health behavior through the learning process. Therefore, it is important to carry out early education to provide additional knowledge to children about the importance of choosing healthy snacks. This community service activity was carried out at the Elementary School Laboratory of Pattimura University, Ambon. Participants in this activity were elementary school students in grades 1 and 2. The educational material was delivered using the lecture method and used simple language that could be understood by students. The material provided explained about hygiene and sanitation in organizing food, especially school snacks. Healthy snacks education is an effective solution to increase students' knowledge about healthy snacks to prevent health problems caused by wrong snacking behavior.
 
Keywords:hygiene, elementary school, snack
 
Abstrak
Jajanan anak sekolah atau Pangan Jajanan Anak Sekolah (PJAS) berarti makanan atau minuman yang diperjualbelikan di lingkungan sekolah. Makanan jajanan memegang peranan yang cukup penting dalam memberikan asupan energi dan zat gizi bagi anak-anak usia sekolah. Pendidikan kesehatan memiliki peran krusial dalam mengubah perilaku kesehatan individu melalui proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk melakukan edukasi dini guna memberikan pengetahuan tambahan kepada anak-anak mengenai pentingnya pemilihan jajanan yang sehat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan  di SD Laboratorium Universitas Pattimura, Ambon. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah siswa sekolah dasar kelas 1 dan  2. Materi edukasi disampaikan dengan metode ceramah dan  menggunakan bahasa sederhana yang bisa dipahami oleh siswa. Materi yang diberikan menjelaskan tentang hiegene dan sanitasi dalam penyelenggaraan makanan, khususnya jajanan sekolah. Penyuluhan jajanan sehat menjadi salah satu solusi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang jajanan yang sehatbuntuk mencegah terjadinya masalah kesehatan yang diakibatkan oleh perilaku jajan yang salah.
 
Kata Kunci:higiene, jajan, PJAS, siswa
Religião e Globalização: Fátima e as marcas de uma cartografia global
Authors: Duarte Marco Daniel
Published: December 2024

The devotional network formed around the typical religious practices of the Cova da Iria Sanctuary in Fátima, in central Portugal, allows us to speak of a psychological geography marked by interculturality. Devotion to our Lady of Fatima therefore bears several marks of a global cartography, which can be gauged from different categories: geographical territory, symbolic territory, spiritual territory, political territory, economic territory, social territory and intellectual territory. The phenomenon of Fátima, over the course of a century, therefore leads us to a set of taxonomies that the Human and Social Sciences will have to map. In this essay, we lay down clues and present relevant data to develop this scientific journey.
«Descer ao caos para desvendar o verdadeiro rosto»? Ensaio sobre o telúrico e o simpoiético na arte de Graça Morais
Authors: Baltrusch Burghard
Published: December 2024

This study seeks to examine key aspects of Graça Morais’ work, drawing on the concepts of the telluric and sympoiesis (Haraway, 2016). It argues that the intersection of the poetic, pictorial, and political in her art serves not only as a space for aesthetic reflection but also as a symbolic form of resistance against environmental and civilizational alienation and destruction. The essay focuses on two drawings and the installation featured in one of the rooms of the exhibition Os Rituais do Silêncio (2023-2024). It also takes an interdisciplinary approach to examine the work in its entirety, exploring its connection to an eco-poetic and eco-artistic aesthetic within contemporary culture.
Evaluation of Treatment Results in Orthopaedic Firearm İnjuries: Review of 52 Cases
Authors: Abdioğlu Ahmet Atilla , Varış Onur , Aslan Oğuzhan , Paksoy Kemal , Öner Kerim , Uygun Hüseyin
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims: The prevalence of firearm-related fractures (FAF) among civilians has increased in many countries. The management of these injuries is challenging for physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients treated for FAF.
Methods: The study included adults treated in an orthopaedic clinic for fractures caused by civilian gunshot wounds to the large bones of the extremities between 2015 and 2020. The medical records of the patients were retrospectively reviewed in the two-centre study. Age, gender, fracture bone name, fracture type, fracture type, type of fracture, type of treatment, time to union, presence of permanent sequelae, presence of deep surface infection, presence of vascular injury, presence of nerve injury, presence of nonuniun-malunion, time to full function and follow-up period were analysed.
Results: This study was performed in 52 cases with a mean age of 43 years. Fifty patients were male, and two were female. There were 22 tibia, 20 femur, 4 humerus, 4 ulna, and 2 radius fractures. In total, 11 patients were treated with conservative treatment, 15 patients with plate screws, 9 patients with intramedullary nails and 17 patients with external fixators. Permanent sequelae occurred in 13 (25%) patients following treatment. Seven (13.5%) infections emerged during the treatment phase of which four (7.7%) were superficial and three (5.8%) were deep infections. In cases treated with external fixator, infection occurred in five (29.4%) patients, four of them being superficial infections. The mean follow-up period for all patients was 37.5 (25-60) months. While the mean time to union was 6.6 (1.5-15) months in all patients, this time was shorter with a mean of 2.5 months in patients treated with conservative treatment(p<0.001).
Conclusions: From admission to the emergency department to the finalisation of treatment, FAFs are challenging forensic cases for physicians. In addition to fractures, they may cause vascular, nerve and soft tissue injuries and may leave a high rate of sequelae. In addition to modern surgical techniques, conservative treatment is successfully used in appropriate cases.
Impact of Foot Problems on Physical Activity, Balance, and Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Cihan Emine , Şahbaz Pirinççi Cansu , Arca Muhammed , Durmaz Elif Dilara
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background/Aims: Foot problems are common in society and can frequently occur during daily life activities. This study aims to investigate common foot problems among healthy young adults and to determine the effects of these problems on physical activity, balance, and musculoskeletal pain.
Methods: Demographic data were recorded. Physical activity levels were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ). Musculoskeletal disorders were assessed using the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E). The Foot Function Index (FFI) was utilized for foot function assessment. Balance was assessed using the Single Leg Standing Test. The navicular drop test was conducted for pes planus evaluation, and hallux valgus was assessed using the Manchester Scale and goniometric assessment.
Results: Data from 480 participants were analyzed (hallux valgus: 81, pes planus: 204, control: 195). Comparison of balance, FFI, and IPAQ scores revealed that the balance time of participants with pes planus decreased significantly compared to the control group (p
Being Immobilized Involves A High Risk of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Hakli Mert Merve , Kara Hasan , Bayır Aysegül , Ak Ahmet , Mert Selman
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
The clinical symptoms of pulmonary embolism are diverse and in some patients, pulmonary
embolism can be easily overlooked and cause serious clinical consequences.
Case Report:
This report describes a case of acute pulmonary embolism whose first symptom was
presyncope. A 23-year-old male patient presented with presyncope and dyspnea. Acute
coronary syndrome and neurological disorders such as stroke and seizures were excluded by
clinical history and dynamic changes in the electrocardiogram. After the diagnosis was
completed with computed tomography pulmonary angiogram, the severity of acute pulmonary
embolism was evaluated and then the fibrinolytic drug was given to the patient.
Conclusion:
This case is of guiding importance for the early diagnosis and treatment of these patients who
had pulmonary embolism after long-term immobilization, which poses a potential risk for
venous thromboembolism. Cardiopulmonary diseases should be highly suspected in patients
with problems with basic vital signs. After evaluating the possibility of pulmonary embolism
and performing a D-dimer scan, a computed tomography pulmonary angiogram should be
performed as soon as possible.Additionally, the critical degree of pulmonary embolism should
be assessed and appropriate reperfusion and anticoagulation therapy should be administered.
Do Peripheral Blood Inflammation Indices Differ Among Schizophrenia Patients with Clozapine Treatment? A cross-secfional investigation.
Authors: Aksoy İhsan , Uçar Hüseyin
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims: There remains a need to investigate alternative pathophysiological processes in schizophrenia such as neuroinflammatory processes. We aimed to compare blood count levels, with a particular focus on peripheral blood inflammatory cell levels, among three distinct groups of participants: schizophrenia patients taking clozapine, schizophrenia patients taking antipsychotics other than clozapine, and healthy controls. We also evaluated the relationship between these findings and clinical characteristics.
Methods: The SC group included 47, the SA group included 61 patients and the HC group included 65 healthy controls. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated by dividing the respective cell counts from white blood cell count (WBC). The relationship between these measures and clinical characteristics are done with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
Results: WBC counts were significantly higher in the SC group than in the SA and HC groups. The log transformed NLR (LnNLR) was significantly higher in the SC group than the HC group and SA group, but there were no difference between the the SA and HC groups. LnNLR was significantly correlated with PANSS positive, general and total scores, but not significantly correlated with PANNS negative score. LnNLR was significantly different between groups after adjusting for age and gender using ANCOVA.
Conclusions: The current study sheds light on the potential immunological alterations associated with schizophrenia and its treatment with clozapine. The elevated NLR in individuals receiving clozapine treatment underscores the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of this observation.
Variation Among Evaluators of The Full Outline of Unresponsiveness Score and The Glasgow Coma Scale in Critically Ill Patients- A Prospective Study
Authors: Bayraktar Yeşim Şerife , Cebeci Yasemin , Pekince Büşra , Cari Güngör Dilara , Körez Muslu Kazım , Çiçekci Faruk , Çelik Jale Bengi
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background/Aims: This study aims to compare the reliability of the FOUR (Full Outline of Unresponsiveness) score and GCS (Glasgow Coma Score) when used by specialists from different medical disciplines.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine between December 2023 and June 2024. Eighty-two patients in the Anesthesiology and Reanimation Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were assessed by three specialists—a pulmonologist, a neurologist, and an anesthesiologist—within 24 hours of ICU admission. The variation between evaluators of both scoring systems was analyzed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). If the ICC coefficient was below 0.50, the agreement was interpreted as poor.
Results: The study included 82 patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the FOUR and GCS scores assigned by the three specialists. The mortality rate among patients with low scores on both FOUR and GCS was higher than the hospital mortality rate.
Conclusions: Scales used in the ICU should be simple, reliable and predictive. This study demonstrated that the FOUR score is at minimum equivalent to the GCS in meeting these criteria.
EVALUATION OF ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA TENDENCY AND SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Toptaş Bıyıklı Ezgi , Bıyıklı Ali Emrah
Published: December 2024

Background/Aim: Developments in internet and smartphone technology have increased the use of social media in society. Content regarding healthy nutrition attracts great attention on social media. This situation can lead to various eating disorders, especially in university students who are in an important period of their lives and can be more easily affected by environmental stimuli. Intense exposure to such content on social media can be a trigger for Orthorexia Nervosa (ON), an obsession with healthy eating. This study aimed to determine the frequency of ON tendency in university students, to examine the effects of various factors on ON tendency, and to examine the relationship between social media addiction and ON tendency.
Methods: This research, planned as a cross-sectional and descriptive study, was conducted on undergraduate students studying at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University. The sample of the research consisted of 1153 students reached by simple random sampling method. Data was collected between September and December 2022 by applying online data collection tools through a structured survey created in Google Forms. Data were collected using a personal information form, Orthorexia-11 scale (ORTO-11) and Bergen social media addiction scale (BSMAS).
Results: The average age of the students participating in the research was found to be 20.4±2.0 years. ON tendency was detected as 24%. A significant difference was found between the students' ORTO-11 scores and gender and BMI (p<0.05). A statistically low significant negative relationship was found between ORTO-11 scores and BSMAS scores (r=-0.058, p=0.048). According to this result, as social media addiction increases, the ON tendency also increases.
Conclusion: This study showed that social media addiction can affect ON tendency. Social media users should be made aware of choosing experts in their field who provide accurate and reliable information. More and detailed research would be useful to confirm these findings.
Commento a “Don Raffaè” di Fabrizio De André [pp. 241-264]
Authors: Carbone Rosario
Published: December 2024

Il contributo propone un commento sistematico al testo della canzone di Fabrizio De André Don Raffaè (1990). Si tratta di un brano che, nonostante il tono ironico e solo apparentemente leggero, concentra in sé una sferzante critica sociale attraverso una fitta rete di riferimenti culturali e all’attualità del tempo. La canzone, attraverso un originale pastiche linguistico di italiano maccheronico e dialetto napoletano, si presenta come una satira divertente e leggera che prende però di mira alcuni dei problemi più drammatici dell’Italia di allora (e di oggi), come il rapporto fra Stato e criminalità organizzata, la situazione delle carceri, la crisi economica o la disoccupazione.
Elucidation of the Mechanism of Resistance Development of Colletotrichum horii Causing Persimmon Anthracnose to Tebuconazole
Authors: Yeon Eunsol , Choi Seongho , Kim Heung Tae
Published: December 2024

To elucidate the mechanism of resistance to tebuconazole in Colletotrichum horii, the effects of tebuconazole on the ergosterol biosynthetic process and the CYP51 gene of C. horii were investigated in this study. By treating tebuconazole, ergosterol biosynthesis was inhibited in both susceptible and resistant isolate of C. horii 15GKYD4 and 15GKNJ1. To analyze the DNA sequence of CYP51 gene, the gene was amplified by PCR with CG-cyp14aF/CG-cyp14R primer from 40 and 33 isolates of C. horii sensitive and resistant to tebuconazole, respectively. There were no point mutations in the CYP51 gene of any isolates. However, there were differences in the expression levels of the CYP51 gene. The CYP51 gene expression levels of susceptible isolates were 1.1– 5.5 fold when not treated with tebuconazole, and remained 1.7–3.9 fold after tebuconazole treatment. However, in resistant isolates, the expression levels, which were 4.0–5.3 hold in the untreated control, increased to 16.0–25.9 times after tebuconazole treatment. The expression levels of the CYP51 gene in resistant isolates were highest 2.5 hr after tebuconazole treatment. Based on the results of this study, the overexpression of CYP51 gene is illustrated as the mechanism of resistance of C. horii to tebuconazole. It is believed that these results can be used as important basic information for managing fungicide resistance in the field.
Occurrence Pattern of Fusarium Head Blight Toxins in Barley and Wheat in Korea
Authors: Lee Theresa , Nah Ju-Young , Baek Seul Gi , Lee Mi-Jeong , Paek Ji-Seon , Kim Boeun , Kim Jeomsoon , Yang Jung-Wook
Published: December 2024

The occurrence of Fusarium head blight mycotoxins was analyzed in barley and wheat collected from 2020 to 2024 in the main production areas in Korea. In all years, the mean level and incidence of nivalenol (NIV) was higher than deoxynivalenol (DON). The percentage of samples where DON and NIV were detected together was up 89.7%, and the proportion of samples where NIV was greater than DON ranged from 65.6% to 92.9%. The occurrence of DON and NIV was higher in barley than in wheat. These results indicate that NIV levels are predominantly higher than DON, and that mycotoxin levels in domestic barley and wheat are determined by NIV rather than DON. It is therefore necessary to continue to monitor the occurrence of NIV and to develop NIV-targeted control technologies in the future.
Comparison of Hospital Duration and Analysis of Harmonic Scalpel Surgery with Conventional Protocols in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery
Authors: Arija Dharmoon , Kiani Muhammad Aamer , Nadeem Muhammad , Nawaz Allah , Khan Ahmed Hassan , Mahmood Khalid , Hamad Ullah Rana
Published: December 2024

A thyroidectomy is a common surgical procedure, and while traditional methods including electrocautery pose a danger of tissue damage, harmonic scalpels have recently seen a rise in their use for this purpose. Objective: To determine whether or not the Harmonic Scalpel is beneficial in dealing with patients who are undergoing thyroidectomy. Methods: This qusai-experimental study was performed at Department of Surgery, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur from 1st October 2022 to 31st March 2023 and 60 patients were enrolled and divided into 2 equal groups for conventional and harmonic thyroidectomy. Patients with Basedow' illness or thyroid cancer were included regardless of lymph node dissection. For 5mm blood vessel division, 55kHz ultrasound pulses were employed for coagulation. Cutting and coagulation were done using active blade. A well-structured questionnaire recorded operation length, 24-hour drainage volume, hospital stay, post-operative hypocalcaemia, drain placement, RLN paralysis, and blood loss for each patient. Results: There were 78.3% females as compared to the males 21.6%. Less operation time was taken in surgery performed by harmonic scalpel as compared to conventional surgery. Significant difference was observed in intra-operative blood loss in study group. Harmonic scalpel lost 40ml blood whereas traditional surgery lost 124ml. Both research groups had similar post-operative problems. Conclusion: Harmonic scalpel thyroidectomy appeared to be the most reliable and feasible method as compared to conventional surgery protocol in relevance to intra-operative blood loss, surgery duration, total volume drainage.
Impact of Maternal Depression on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes: A Prospective Analysis
Authors: Haq Muhammad Ikram Ul , Fatima Samreen , Amjad Naeem , Sheikh Junaid Rasool
Published: December 2024

Antenatal depression was common in pregnant women and can cause adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.  Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of antenatal depression in hospitalized pregnant women and its association with maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Gynecology and Obstetrics and Psychiatry Department of the Hospital from July 2023 to July 2024. A total of 300 pregnant women with gestation age 240/7 weeks or less, admitted to the OBGYN department as high-risk pregnancy patients were selected by consecutive sampling. Women were presented with the Edinburgh Post Natal Depression Scale questionnaire 2-4 times every week for the entire study period along with questionnaires to personal collect data. EPDS was generally used to assess post-partum depression but we used it to evaluate perinatal depression as it is also validated for antenatal depression measurement. Patients were divided into two groups based on EDPS score, the study group contained patients at high risk of antenatal depression with a score of 10 ≤, and the comparison group contained women at low risk of depression with a score <10.  Data analysis was done by SPSS version 24.0. Results: The frequency of preterm delivery was significantly higher in the study group with 40% preterm births and 23.4% early preterm births as compared to 19.1% and 12.4% in the comparison group, respectively. Similarly, birthweight was lower in the study group (40%) and low 1-minute (20%) and 5-minute Apgar scores. Multivariate regression analysis revealed an independent and significant relationship between maternal depression and preterm delivery (aOR: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.23-9.47) (p=0.030). However, no independent association was found between NICU admission and antenatal depression (aOR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.0-5.2) (p=0.087) and risk of C-section (aOR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.9-1.9) (p=0.731). Conclusions: Antepartum depression was a frequent condition among hospitalized pregnant women independently correlated to preterm births. Depression screening of pregnant women was recommended to prevent adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Frequency and Risk of Preeclampsia in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Khan Aliya Dar , Ghani Nafeesa , Khan Salma , Jan Hoor Asadullah
Published: December 2024

Preeclampsia is a serious hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that affects 5-8% of pregnancies and is a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Gestational diabetes mellitus is another significant pregnancy complication that increases the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including preeclampsia. Objectives: To determine the frequency and assess the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus as an independent risk factor. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2020 to April 2021 within the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Teaching Institution-Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar and included patients having regular monitoring for blood pressure using a mercury sphygmomanometer and proteinuria by urine dipstick. Results: A total of 133 pregnant women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus in the study. Of these, 10 women (7.5%) developed preeclampsia, indicating a significant association between gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia. Participants were aged between 18 and 45 years, with the majority (75%) falling within the 18-30-year age group. Results showed that gestational diabetes mellitus was associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, particularly in this younger age group. Conclusions: It was concluded that gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia and requires intensive clinical follow-up and intervention measures for maternal and fetal health protection.