bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A multi-sectoral approach to the Harrod foreign trade multiplier
Authors: Trigg Andrew B. , Araujo Ricardo Azevedo
Published: April 2018

With this inquiry, we seek to develop a multi-sectoral version of the static Harrod foreign trade multiplier, by showing that it can be derived from an extended version of the Pasinettian model of structural change and international trade. This new version highlights the connections between the balance of payments and levels of employment and production. It is also shown that from this disaggregated version of the Harrod foreign trade multiplier we can derive an aggregate version of the multiplier. By following this approach we go a step further in establishing the connections between the structural economic dynamic and the balance-of-payments-constrained-growth approaches.
Teaching Post-Pornography
Authors: Gregory Tim , Lorange Astrid
Published: April 2018

This article introduces the term ‘post-pornography’, drawing on diverse texts from the last three decades. We propose that ‘post-pornography’ expands Porn Studies beyond its focus on explicit representations of sex. First, we outline the history of post-pornography as a concept that emerged in the sex-positive, anti-censorship and queer/feminist moment in the United States in the 1980s and 1990s and has subsequently been taken up by a diverse group of artists, activists and scholars to describe practices that both reference and attempt to move beyond pornography. We define post-pornography as characterised by three aspects—the denaturalising of sex, the de-centring of the spectator and the recognition of media and technology as inseparable from sex. We examine the history of Porn Studies in the university, including in our own faculty at UNSW Art & Design, and the singular influence of Linda Williams in defining its place and setting out its pedagogical methods. We propose post-pornography as a framework that can confront prevailing assumptions about sex and sexuality that underpin Porn Studies and its critique of pornography, and outline a set of concepts that have emerged from the development of the second- and third-year art theory course Post-Pornographic Bodies.
Meaghan Morris in Cultural Studies in Asia
Authors: Beng Huat Chua
Published: April 2018

Meaghan has been part of the Inter-Asia Cultural Studies project from the very beginning— she was at the founding conferences, organised by Chen Kuan-Hsing, in National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, between 1992 and 1995. The two conferences bore the title of ‘Trajectories: Towards a New Internationalist Cultural Studies’ and ‘Trajectories II: A New Internationalist Cultural Studies’, respectively. According to Kuan-Hsing, he was motivated by historical changes in Asia, from postwar decolonisation to post-Cold War in late 1980s, marked locally in Taiwan with the lifting of martial law in 1987. This was also the period of the rise of Asia within global capitalism, beginning with Japan, followed by the so-called ‘Tiger’ or ‘Dragon’ economies of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore via the export-oriented industrialisation. The industrialisation model was subsequently picked up by China and the other Southeast Asian countries. The conferences certainly lived up to their promise of being international, with presenters from first and third world locations, and the core concerns were very much grounded in the historical conjuncture of Asia at the end of the twentieth century. One evening during the second conference, while the edited volume for selected papers were being prepared for publication, Rebecca Barton, the editor for the book project at Routledge, brought up the idea of an Asian cultural studies journal. In a hotel room in Taiwan, with Meaghan, the late Jeannie Martin, Kuan-Hsing and myself from the conference and Rebecca, the plan for Inter-Asia Cultural Studies was hatched. It was decided that Kuan-hsing and I would be the co-executive editors, supported by a relatively large editorial collective drawn across Asia and Australia.
Time is a Traveller: The Localness of Meaghan Morris
Authors: Schlunke Katrina
Published: April 2018

My aural introduction was Peter Allen’s song, ‘Tenterfield Saddler’. And most of you will know that ‘At Henry Parkes Motel’, Meaghan’s famous essay on mobility, comfort, desire and banality, is situated in Tenterfield where Meaghan’s early childhood took place.

 The overblowness of this song, the calculated ridiculousness of its nation branding via the melange of Australian animals—kangaroos, emus, cockatoos—all ‘up ahead’, only underscores the poignancy of the public secret of Allen’s homosexuality and his early death through HIV.

 The song, as you may have caught, may have felt, includes the heartbreaking camp of the transnational subject: ‘been all around the world and lives no special place’. And the recognition by that subject that the figures of their hometown, the grandfather living on manners, and the grandfather’s son—Peter Allen’s father who took his own life—have no point of belonging, no line of connection, ‘Except in this song’.

 If only Peter had read, heard, interacted with Meaghan. Today I would like to salute all the ways Meaghan has made it possible for the queers, swats, smartarses, girls, women, and those of us from the country and from public high schools—to be here. Meaghan has made it possible for us to imagine ourselves as both ‘here’ and ‘there’. And not just in a song.
Copy Music
Authors: Zuberi Nabeel
Published: April 2018

A review of Margie Borschke’s 'This is Not a Remix: Piracy, Authenticity and Popular Music' (Bloomsbury Academic, 2017).
Effects of egg weight and in ovo injection of α-tocopherol on chick development, hatching performance, and lipid-soluble antioxidant concentrations in quail chick tissues
Authors: Babacanoğlu Elif , Reşit Karageçili Mehmet , Karadaş Filiz
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Lipid-soluble antioxidants can be more effective for chick development when provided via in ovo (IO) injection than when supplemented to the maternal diet. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of egg weight (EW) and IO injection of α-tocopherol on chick development, hatching performance and lipid-soluble antioxidant concentrations in residual yolk sac (RYS), liver and brain tissues of quail chicks. Eggs were obtained from quail breeders at days 72 and 128 of age and incubated at 37.8 ∘C and 60 % relative humidity. Each egg was numbered and weighed prior to incubation, and the average EW of all eggs was 11.76 ± 0.05 g. The eggs were divided into light (< 11.76 EW; EWL) and heavy (> 11.76 EW; EWH) groups (148 eggs per EW). Each EW group was divided into two IO groups: the control (non-injection) group and α-tocopherol group, in which 3.75 mg of α-tocopherol per egg was injected into the yolk sac followed by a 120 h incubation period. There were 64 eggs for each EW–IO treatment combination (16 eggs per EW per tray). The chick and RYS weights were significantly lower in the EWL group than in the EWH group. A significant EW by IO interaction suggested that IO increased the eggshell temperature of light quail eggs. The non-injected light eggs had a shorter hatching time due to the interaction of EW with IO. Hatchability, embryonic mortalities, and the cumulative hatching rate were not affected by EW or IO. The chick and middle toe lengths increased following IO administration (P < 0.05), which indicated that IO administration had positive effects on chick quality. However, shank length decreased following IO administration with an unchanged relative asymmetry (RA). IO significantly affected the absolute weights of the liver and heart and the relative weight of the heart, which was lower in the α-tocopherol group than in the control group. IO administration had no effect on total retinol and carotenoid concentrations in the RYS, liver and brain. Vitamin E, α-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol concentrations in the RYS, liver and brain were significantly higher in the α-tocopherol-treated chicks than in the control chicks. The highest brain α-tocopherol concentration was found in the α-tocopherol-treated chicks of the EWH group, indicating a significant interaction between EW and IO. The highest total lipid-soluble antioxidant concentrations were obtained following IO α-tocopherol treatment (P < 0.05), in the order brain < liver < RYS, but this pattern was not observed with δ-tocopherol. In conclusion, IO injection of α-tocopherol into the yolk sac affected the concentrations of tissue-specific lipid-soluble antioxidants in the RYS and tissues of newly hatched quail chicks, and EW had effects on various parameters.
The role of droplet sedimentation in the evolution of low level clouds over Southern West Africa
Authors: Dearden Christopher , Hill Adrian , Coe Hugh , Choularton Tom
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Large eddy simulations are performed to investigate the influence of cloud microphysics on the evolution of low level clouds that form over southern West Africa during the monsoon season. We find that, even in clouds that are not precipitating, the size of cloud droplets has a non-negligible effect on liquid water path. This is explained through the effects of droplet sedimentation, which acts to remove liquid water from the entrainment zone close to cloud top, increasing liquid water path. Sedimentation also produces a more heterogeneous cloud structure and lowers cloud base height. Our results imply that an appropriate parameterization of the effects of sedimentation is required to improve the representation of the diurnal cycle of the atmospheric boundary layer over southern West Africa in large-scale models.
Development of time-varying global gridded Ts-Tm model for precise GPS-PWV retrieval
Authors: Jiang Peng , Ye Shirong , Lu Yinhao , Liu Yanyan , Chen Dezhong , Wu Yanlan
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Water-vapor-weighted mean temperature, Tm, is the key variable to estimate mapping factor between GPS zenith wet delay (ZWD) and precipitable water vapor (PWV). In near real-time GPS-PWV retrieving, estimating Tm from surface air temperature Ts is a widely used method because of its high temporal resolution and a fair degree of accuracy. Based on the Tm estimates and the extracted Ts parameters at each reanalysis grid node, analyses of the relationship between Tm and Ts were performed without smoothing of data which will produce superior results than other similar studies. Analyses demonstrate that Ts–Tm relationship has significant spatial and temporal variations. Then static and time-varying global gridded Ts–Tm equations were established and evaluated by comparisons with radiosonde data at radiosonde 758 stations in the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). Results show that our global gridded Ts–Tm equations have prominent advantages than other globally applied models. Large biases of Bevis equation or latitude-related linear model at considerable stations are removed in gridded Ts–Tm estimating models. Multiple statistical tests at 5 % significance levels show that time-varying global gridded model is superior to other Ts–Tm models at 83.64 % of all radiosonde stations, while no model is significantly better at 5.54 % of sites and others superior at only 10.82 % of sites. GPS-PWV retrievals using different Tm estimates were compared at a number of IGS stations. By application of time-varying global gridded Ts–Tm equations, the relative differences of GPS-PWVs at most sites are within 1 %. Such results are obviously superior to other Ts–Tm models. The differences between GPS-PWVs and radiosonde PWVs are influenced by other comprehensive factors instead of single Tm parameter. However evident improvements still exist at special site by using more precise Ts–Tm equations. PWV errors could decrease by more than 30 % during wetter seasons.
Development of glacial lakes and evaluation of related outburst
hazard at Adygine glacier complex, Northern Tien Shan
Authors: Falatkova Kristyna , Šobr Miroslav , Janský Bohumír , Neureiter Anton , Schöner Wolfgang
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Formation and development of glacial lakes in mountain regions is one of the consequences of glacier recession. Such lakes may drain partially or completely when the stability of their dam is disturbed. We presented a case study from Central-Asian mountain range of Tien Shan, a north-oriented tributary valley Adygine, where a glacier retreat resulted in formation of several generations of lakes. The aim of this study was to analyse past development of different types of glacial lakes influenced by the same glacier, to project site's future development, and to evaluate the hazard of individual lakes with an outlook for expected future change. We addressed the problem with a combination of methods, namely bathymetric, geodetic, and geophysical on-site survey, satellite image and DEM analysis, and modelling of glacier runoff evolution. Based on the case of glacial lakes of varied age and type, we demonstrate the significance of glacier ice in lake's development. Lake 3, which is in contact with glacier terminus, has changed rapidly over the last decade, expanding both in area and depth and increasing its volume more than 13 times (7 800 m3 to 106 000 m3). Hydrological connections and routing of glacier meltwater proved to be an important factor as well, since most lakes in the region are drained by subsurface channels. Within the hazard evaluation of lakes, we highlighted the importance of field data which can provide crucial information on lake stability. In our case, the understanding of site's hydrological system and its regime helped to categorise Lake 2 into low outburst hazard, while Lake 1 and Lake 3 were labelled as medium hazard lakes. Further development of the site will be driven mainly by rising air temperature and increasingly negative glacier mass balance. All three scenarios predict a significant glacier area decrease by 2050, specifically leaving 73.2 % (A1B), 62.3 % (A2), and 55.6 % (B1) of the 2012 glacier extent. The glacier retreat will be accompanied by changes in glacier runoff with first peak expected around the year 2020.
Camp Research: What? So What? What’s Next?
Authors: Henderson Karla A.
Published: April 2018

This special issue of the Journal of Youth Development provides a means to highlight where camp research is today based on the articles presented. Several common areas are identified: role of theory, addressing social issues, methodological imagination, emerging audiences, samples, linking operations and outcomes research, staff and youth development, moving outcomes from what to how, and thoughtful and intentional implications for practice. Areas that need additional consideration in future camp research and issues that can be addressed by camp professionals include further examining how positive change occurs in camp, noting the value of the transfer of camp experiences to later life, using critical analyses of what camp experiences mean, and examining areas that have been under-researched such as day camps.
Snooping Handicraft-Ecotourism in Lombok
Authors: S. H. Hengky
Published: April 2018

Handicraft ecotourism has not become a leading sector in Lombok. Recently, the President of Indonesia has targeted to improve the performance of this sector to be ten times over the next four years. Factually, obstacles encountered with the development of handicrafts in Lombok include raw materials, facilities, and weakness in material, design, creativity, and promotion. This study addressed a theme of a sustainability, economy and development of a region. Determining the performance gap between the existing and expected, would inform them about the priority over their program. This study found four (4) points that get to improve: Firstly, the Ministry of Tourism will prioritize training for the artisans in making the new design of the new craft actively. Secondly, develop innovative and developing creative new designs and themes from crafts, adapting lessons to the needs of travelers and meeting their criteria. Thirdly, the artisans expand their distribution area to improve its business by coordinating, strengthening the standardization of craft quality. Finally, they get to substitute the material without changing the function and culture of local handicrafts.
Prevention of Criminal Prostitution in Indonesian Fitness Center
Authors: Iskandar Hardian
Published: April 2018

This article’s purpose is to discuss the prevention of prostitution crime under the guise of gym and fitness center. This study is a normative legal study conducted through literature study or library research using conceptual approach, statute approach and case approach. The results of the study and discussion indicate that prevention of prostitution crime under the guise of fitness place can be done by means of criminal law (penal) and non penal facilities (facilities outside of criminal law). Prevention of criminal acts, especially the crime of prostitution, must be adjusted with the law of development plan which is part of the national development. The process of reforming or establishing a law enforcement is carried out through a formulation / legislation policy, whereas law enforcement and institutional enforcement processes are carried out through the application / judicial appeals and criminal proceedings carried out under the exclusion / administration policy. Constraints in the prevention of criminal prosthesis are due to several factors namely legal factors (law), law enforcement factors, community factors and cultural factors. The legal factors relating to the Penal Code are not directly regulated on the prosecution of prostitution as a form of crime. Law enforcement factors that form the parties or impose the law in this case indicated otherwise tacitly involved in prostitution activities by providing leaks that will be held operations or raids against prostitution activities. Factors of the environment where the law is applicable or applied, the public lacks awareness and few who are willing to be invited to share and the cultural factor as the result of the work, inventiveness, and the sense that is based on human interaction in life.
Requirements for promoting the transition of aging patients with cognitive and physical disorders to home care: A new case analysis design
Authors: Sasaki Katsutoshi , Torigoshi Chihiro , Kondo Makiko
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study clarified requirements for transitioning aging patients with cognitive and physical disorders to home care and developed a new mixed methodology using medical records.Background: Japan has the highest proportion and highest rate of increase of older adults worldwide. Transitioning aging patients from hospital to home care is a key strategy to manage this increase; however, this transition presents challenges.Methods: A mixed method study was conducted, using descriptive data from medical records.Results: Of 41 participants, 61% were amicable settlement cases and 39% were non-amicable. In total, 56.1% went home: 36.6% were amicable and 19.5% were non-amicable. Requirements for transition to home care were [Patient’s mental stability], [Necessary care for the patient within the family’s tolerance level], [Decreasing the family’s burden of care by accessing the public care service], [Preparing the family to bear the heavy burden of caring for multiple family members at home], [Decreasing the risk of worsening condition through patient compliance], and [Setting realistic goals and reconciling them with the family].Conclusions: The transition requirements related to cognitive disorders, gaps in physical functioning before and after hospitalization, and aging society. They were fulfilled through concrete preparation of the family for coping with home care, with the patient’s mental stability as a precondition.Relevance to clinical practice: Fulfillment of these requirements is essential for successful transition to home care for aging persons with multiple disorders. Our original mixed method design promotes a new methodology for qualitative research using descriptive data from medical records.
Scientific Culture and Economic Growth in the Long-Run: On a Capital Perspective
Authors: Qi Pei-xiao , Zheng Nian
Published: April 2018

The cultural capital can be as a kind of asset that embodies, stores and produces the cultural values except for producing the economic values. With the further progress of modern civilization, scientific culture, on an economics perspective, as a combination of intangible and tangible capital, more and more becomes the one of important engine to make economic sustainable growth in the long run for a country. Based on the framework by Barro and Turnvosky, this paper constructed an economic growth model including the factor of scientific culture and mainly found that the impact of scientific culture capital growth rate on human capital accumulation is positive, and then affects economic growth rate. And the greater scientific culture capital growth rate influences the human capital accumulation, the higher economic growth rate is.
Coping Resources for Persons With Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in A Tanzania Rural Area
Authors: Moshi Haleluya , Sundelin Gunnevi , Sahlen Klas-Göran , Anthea Rhoda , Sörlin Ann
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND: Persons with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in Tanzanian rural settings face a variety of geographical and socioeconomic challenges that make life almost impossible for them. However, some have managed to live relatively long lives despite these difficult conditions. This study aimed at exploring secrets behind successful lives of persons with TSCI in typical resource-constrained rural Tanzanian settings.METHODS: A modified constructivist grounded theory was employed for the analysis of data from 10 individuals who have lived between 7 and 28 years with TSCI in typical Tanzanian rural area. The 10 were purposively selected from 15 interviews that were conducted in 2011. The analysis followed the constructivist approach in which data was first open and axial coded, prior to categories being constructed. The categories were frequently reviewed in light of the available literature to determine the over-arching core category that described or connected the rest.RESULTS: Nine categories (identified as internal and external coping resources) were constructed. The internal coping resources were: secured in God, increase in awareness on health risk, problem-solving skills and social skills. External coping resources were: having a reliable family, varying support from the community, a matter of possession and left without means for mobility. Acceptance was later identified as a core category that determines identification and utilization of the rest of the coping resources.CONCLUSION: Persons with traumatic spinal cord injury can survive for a relatively long time despite the hostile environment. Coping with these environments requires the employment of various coping resources, acceptance being the most important.
The Expression of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Gene and Its Activity in Patients with B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Its Impact on Clinical Staging
Authors: Aljabban Ali , Alalsaidissa Jaffar
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND: The B-Cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a commonest leukemia in elderly individuals characterized by progressive accumulation of mature lymphocyte in bone marrow and peripheral blood that tend to be immortal. The identification of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) has been correlated with disease aggressiveness in malignancies. The previous researchers showed that the hTERT expression could serve as a molecular prognostic marker for B-CLL patients. However, due to the disease differences in prevalence and aggressiveness between the western and eastern countries, there is still a need to see the correlation of hTERT in B-CLL patients of the eastern world.AIM: To test the quantitative assessment of hTERT gene expression in B-CLL patients and its prognostic value in correlation with clinical staging of disease in Iraqi patients.PATIENTS & METHODS: we used the TRAP assay to assess the hTERT gene expression in mononuclear blood cells from 43 B-CLL patients.RESULTS: The hTERT gene expression was detected in 79.1% of B-CLL patients and no positive expression in control group (P=0.001). The hTERT gene expression tends to be significantly higher in advanced B-CLL stage (P=0.0001). Also, the expression was higher among elderly patients, patients with lower hematological parameters, patients with splenomegaly or hepatomegaly, patients with a history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus, and patients with high immunophenotype score. CONCLUSION: Our research suggests that the hTERT expression could serve as a prognostic marker for Iraqi patients with B-CLL as well as western countries.
Sperm DNA Fragmentation, Determined Using the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD) Test, A Study in Republic of Kosovo Population
Authors: Zeqiraj Afrim , Beadini Sheqibe , Beadini Nexhbedin , Aliu Hesat , Gashi Zafer , Elezaj Shkelzen , Bexheti Sadi , Berisha Sanije , Shabani Agim
Published: April 2018

Infertility is a common condition affecting one in six couples of childbearing age. In approximately 40% of these cases, a male factor is involved. Sperm DNA integrity is essential for accurate transmission of genetic information. Materials and Methods: In this study 152 patients, 64 patients it is infertility group and 88 patients are fertile males. The ejaculate samples were taken in accordance with the patient to whom the reason for the analysis of the ejaculate sample was previously explained. All patients have been in the Dukagjini Region in the Republic of Kosovo. The samples were collected from 2016/18. Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD) test, analysis in the ejaculate was performed at the Biolab Zafi, Laboratory in Peja, in the Republic of Kosovo. Statistical analysis: Data are reported as mean ± SD. The comparisons between groups were tested by student's t-test, ANOVA. A p-value less than 0.05% was considered statistically significant. Results: From our research studies, we have achieved significant (p <.00001) scores among the working group and control group across all sperm parameters, and DNA fragmentation. Conclusion: In summary, we have demonstrated that there was a negative correlation between DNA fragmentation, sperm motility, and morphology in infertile males. We conclude that sperm DNA fragmentation appears to be a useful technique to predict outcome in couples undergoing IVF/ICSI. To evaluate whether DFI 23.94 ± 4.68% can be used to determine male infertility in our country by Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD), it is necessary to carry out further large-scale research by other authors.
Assessment of heavy metal pollution of topsoil in settlement area, Darkhan city
Authors: Ch Sonomdagva , Ch Chultem , Ch Byambatseren
Published: April 2018

This study was carried out to assess the content of toxic heavy metals (As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn), determine pollution and spatial distribution of topsoil in Darkhan city which is one of the largest cities in Mongolia, to determine pollution and spatial distribution. The selected study area of Darkhan city was divided into 3 zones (industrial zones, ger districts or livestock breeding zones and private apartments or residential district zones) representing settlement’s characteristics, and 14 points were sampled from topsoil. In order to estimate the level of pollution, the contamination factor, the degree of contamination, pollution load index, and enrichment factor that were formulated by Hakanson, Tomlison, Selvaraj were used in our study. The results were come out by comparing the heavy metal concentration of the topsoil with it`s background concentration. In terms of spatial distribution of heavy metals in the topsoil, heavy metals concentration in ger district and industrial areas is relatively high, but pollution assessment is not very high. As a result of the enrichment factor which was used for assessment of contamination source, the average concentration of 8 elements (As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) at 13 points presented that was derived from natural sources.
Secondary particle clusterization in carbon-carbon collision
Authors: J Shinebayar , M Sovd , R Togoo , T Tulgaa , A Tursukh
Published: April 2018

In the present work, using the hadron clustering algorithm, we have determined the mass of π0 mesons with excellent accuracy by restoring data of the neutral particles which are produced in the collisions of carbons and propane. It has observed that the value of cut parameter for the clustering depends on the primary energies. We have studied hadron cluster’s and its particle multiplicities, longitudinal rapidity, transverse momentum and the temperature feature of cluster decay. In the central region of the interaction, there is a cluster with high temperature produced by the collision process.
The proposal concept of improving the sustainable management of supply chains in the textile industry
Authors: Zimon Dominik , Domingues Pedro
Published: April 2018

Improving the concept of supply chain management and consideration of the environmental aspects and impacts on it, is the basis for the development of enterprises operating in the textile industry. It should be emphasised that the issue of sustainable supply chain management, due to its inherent complexity, requires continuous analysis of the situation of internal and external decision-making and is burdened with greater or lesser risk concerning the choice of strategy and resource allocation. Therefore supply chain management should be supported by a variety of instruments to streamline organisational structures and processes. These activities should be planned in detail and adapted to the specific nature of the industry. With this in mind, the aim of this article is to develop guidelines for the concept of sustainable supply chain management in the textile industry.
Opportunities and Conditions for the Development of Green Entrepreneurship in the Polish Textile Sector
Authors: Burzyńska Dorota , Jabłońska Małgorzata , Dziuba Radosław
Published: April 2018

Green entrepreneurship is an important phenomenon from the point of view of economic development. However, the topic has not been sufficiently analysed and knowledge in this area is not systematised. Supporting the development of green enterprises and increasing the resilience of the economy and natural ecosystems requires a more in-depth analysis of the conditions and factors that influence the development of green entrepreneurship. Green (or ecological) entrepreneurship is closely related to the textile sector, which should be particularly interested in the introduction of various types of eco-innovations that reduce or prevent negative environmental impacts while contributing to the achievement of competitive advantage and profitability. The textile sector is focused on sustainability issues – both in terms of environmental protection and global social responsibility. The goal of this paper is to organise knowledge on the phenomenon of green entrepreneurship and to analyse the prospects of its development in the light of opinions of Polish textile industry entrepreneurs. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 56 Polish companies from the textile industry. The results obtained indicate that Polish textile industries are interested in implementing all kinds of eco-innovations concentrated in the so-called environmental management system, which should become part of any organisation in the sector analysed. The paper is divided into three main parts. In the first part the phenomenon of green entrepreneurship is characterised. Then the methodology of the survey is presented. The final part is a presentation of results of the survey conducted in Polish textile industry enterprises.
Structural Changes and Growth Factors of China’s Textile Industry: 1997-2012
Authors: Zhang Jianlei , Liu Yunying , Cheng Longdi
Published: April 2018

In this study, the Input-Output Structural Decomposition Analysis (I-O SDA) method is adopted to analyze the structural change in China’s textile industry during 1997-2012 and to measure the contribution rate of the growth factors (consumption, investment, inventory, exports and imports) affecting change in its gross output. Then the key factors and main driving forces promoting textile industry development are figured out. The results show that China’s textile industry has experienced great change both in scale and structure. Among the growth factors, the contribution rate of exports is the largest, followed by investment, consumption, imports and inventory. The textile industry still relies heavily on exports, investment and consumption, while the contribution rate of imports is relatively small. In addition, technological change makes a positive contribution with technological innovation. Among the industrial sectors, the cotton & chemical fibre textile industry holds dominance, with the textile manufactured goods industry exhibiting tremendous development, the growth of the knitted textile industry fluctuating, and the wool textile industry and hemp & silk textile industry progressing slowly. Finally relevant policy suggestions are proposed to promote the balanced and coordinated development of China’s textile industry.
LMPP Effects on Morphology, Crystallization, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of iPP/LMPP Blend Fibres
Authors: Hussain Munir , Zhu Feichao , Zhu Feichao , Yu Bin , Yu Bin , Han Jian , Han Jian , Memon Hafeezullah , Yasin Sohail
Published: April 2018

The thermal properties and morphological characterisation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) homopolymer and its blends with low molecular low modulus polypropylene (LMPP) were studied. Firstly blends were prepared with variant LMPP contents, and their properties were characterised using SEM, DSC, XRD, and DMA. Later the mechanical properties of iPP/LMPP blend fibres were investigated. SEM results showed that the iPP/LMPP blends produced smoother surfaces when the LMPP content was increased, as well as the miscibility. All the Tg values with different LMPP percentages were in-between pure iPP and LMPP. The XRD results indicated the LMPP percentage decreased along with the degree of crystallinity of the iPP/LMPP blends (5% to 15%), which increased and then decreased as compared to pure iPP. The elongation at break increased when the LMPP content increased, with the maximum breaking elongation of the LMPP 25% blend reaching 12.95%, which showed great stretch-ability, whereas the elastic modulus of iPP/LMPP blends decreased.
Analysis of the Strength Parameters of Worsted and Component Spun Yarns after the Rewinding Process
Authors: Rutkowski Jacek
Published: April 2018

The notion of yarn is understood as a continuous textile product of theoretically endless length and circle-like cross-section, made of staple or continuous fibres. A yarn leaves the spinning mill in a raw state and is used to produce some fabrics, but mostly it is subjected to the process of finishing. The yarn undergoes preparatory processes, such as winding, doubling, twisting, paraffin treatment, singeing and dyeing, depending of the final fabric type. Yarns are rewound on winding frames, and computers control operation of the rewinding frames and systematically monitor the yarn parameters. An electronic cleaner removes yarn defects, whose size has been saved in the computer memory. The purification of yarn improves its quality, resulting in a decrease in the number of breaks in further technological processes. A lower number of yarn breaks contribute to an increase in machine efficiency (weaving and knitting machines). The experimental section of the study is divided into two parts. The first includes tests of yarn strength parameters before and after the rewinding process. It was established in the process of cleaning that the yarn during rewinding affects the strength of wool and blended yarns. In the second part, the strength parameters of yarn doubling points after the rewinding process for various variants of the splicer setting were tested. The blowing time in the doubling chamber was changed and the importance of using the thermosplicer for the yarn joint strength was established.
Analysis of the Nucleation Activity of Wood Fillers for Green Polymer Composites
Authors: Odalanowska Majka , Borysiak Sławomir
Published: April 2018

In this work, the surface of pine wood used as a filler in polypropylene/wood composites was successfully modified by the mercerization process. It is a very significant process because it removes low-molecular components, which improves interactions between the filler and matrix and leads to a better dispersion of the filler in the matrix. Unfortunately chemical treatment may affect nucleation of the lignocellulosic filler. On the basis of XRD results, the transformation of native cellulose I to cellulose II was observed. In the present study, the effect of the mercerisation of pine wood on the nucleation ability of polypropylene was investigated by means of polarising microscopy. The results showed that the chemical modification of pine wood had a significant effect on nucleation activity in polymer composites. This effect is explained by differences in the chemical compositions of wood fibres. The content of simple sugars obtained from the methanolysis and acidic hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose was determined through gas chromatography investigations. It was found for the first time that the formation of transcrystalline structures is possible for composites with a high content of glucose derived from cellulose. It is also worth emphasising that the chemical modification process can lead to cellulose depolymerisation processes and the formation of degradation products with a lower molecular weight. Knowledge of the phenomena taking place in the interphase boundary polymer/ filler is very important because it permits optimisation of the processing, leading to products of target properties.
Physico-Mechanical Performance Evaluation of Large Pore Synthetic Meshes with Different Textile Structures for Hernia Repair Applications
Authors: Liu Pengbi , Shao Hong , Chen Nanliang , Cheng Nanliang , Jiang Jinhua , Jiang Jinhua
Published: April 2018

This paper studied the relationship between the textile structure of warp knitted hernia repair meshes and their physico-mechanical properties to solve the problem of hernia patch application evaluation and clear the mechanism of hernia patch structure-performance for clinical application. Six different prototypes of large pore meshes were fabricated, including four kinds of meshes with different pore shapes: H (hexagonal), D (diamond), R (round) and P (pentagonal); and two kinds of meshes with inlays: HL (hexagonal with inlays) and DL (diamond with inlays), using the same medical grade polypropylene monofilament. All meshes were designed with the same walewise density and coursewise density. Then the influence of other structural parameters on the physico-mechanical properties of the meshes was analysed. The physico-mechanical properties of these meshes tested meet the requirements of hernia repair, except mesh DL, whose tear resistance strength (12.93 ± 2.44 N in the transverse direction) was not enough. Mesh R and P demonstrated less anisotropy, and they exhibited similar physico-mechanical properties. These four kinds of meshes without inlays demonstrated similar ball burst strength properties, but mesh HL and DL exhibited better ball burst strength than the others. All in all, uniform structures are expected to result in less anisotropy, and meshes with inlays, to some extent, possess higher mechanical properties. And the ratio of open loop number to closed loop number in a repetition of weave of fabric has marked effect on the physico-mechanical properties. Thus we can meet the demands of specific patients and particular repair sites by designing various meshes with appropriate textile structures.
Determination of Material Thicknesses in Protective Clothing for Firefighters
Authors: Korycki Ryszard
Published: April 2018

The basic protective clothing for firefighters does not contact the flame and provides a relatively short exposure time to heat flux of prescribed density. Simultaneously the structure is subjected to sweat diffusion from the skin. The problem is determined mathematically by means of second-order differential equations accompanied by a set of boundary and initial conditions. Determination of the material thicknesses is gradient oriented. The optimal thicknesses are determined as a numerical example.
The Validation of the Dai Nippon Medi·Ca SA Method for AOAC Research Institute Performance Tested MethodsSM Certification
Authors: Shimizu Mai , Takenaka Kentaro , Suzuki Takeo , Miyasaka Aya , Matsuda Taiki , Iwase Tatsuhiko , Kyotani Hitoshi
Published: April 2018

A ready-made dry medium method for Staphylococcus aureus count, the Medi·Ca SA method incubated at 35 or 37°C, was compared with the Baird-Parker method (AOAC Official MethodSM975.55) for 11 food matrices: raw beef, raw ground beef, raw lamb, cooked ham, raw salmon, frozen prawn, fresh chilled pasta, pasteurized milk, natural cheese, cream puff, and potato salad. The mean difference between the two methods at each contamination level for each matrix was <0.5 log10, and the 95% confidence intervals on the mean differences fell within the range of −0.50 to 0.50. Standard deviation of repeatability and RSDr values of the Medi·Ca SA method were generally the same level as those of the Baird-Parker method, and r2 ranged from 0.98 to 1.00. Product consistency and stability studies showed little variability between productions lots and a shelf-life of 16 months. Incubation time within the range of 22–26 h and variations to the sample volume did not adversely affect the results. These results showed that the Medi·Ca SA method is a reasonable alternative to the reference method for selected food matrices and makes it possible to simultaneously detect and enumerate S. aureus in only 24�h.
L’histoire du temps présent, une histoire (vraiment) comme les autres ?
Authors: Delacroix Christian
Published: April 2018

Pour répondre à la question « L’histoire du temps présent est-elle une histoire comme les autres », l’article rappelle que cette histoire s’est affirmée et institutionnalisée en Europe et ailleurs, à partir de la fin des années 1970, sous la contrainte de revendications mémorielles concernant des passés difficiles à assumer par les communautés nationales, des « passés qui ne passent pas ». Pour faire reconnaître la légitimité scientifique de l’histoire du passé récent, les historiens qui la pratiquent ont dû argumenter non seulement contre les objections qui leur étaient opposées mais aussi pour tenter de cerner la singularité « temporelle » d’une telle histoire, notamment par l’existence de témoins vivants des périodes étudiées. L’histoire du temps présent a été un des vecteurs principaux de la promotion des mémoires comme objet historique à part entière, mais du même coup elle s’est trouvée en « première ligne » dans les débats sur les rapports entre histoire et mémoire. Parmi les critiques récurrentes portées à l’histoire du temps présent il y a les rapports ambigus qu’elle entretient avec les demandes sociales, aussi ses partisans ont-ils réaffirmé leur adhésion prioritaire avec le projet d’objectivité et de vérité commun à tous les historiens. C’est, pour finir, peut-être autour de la notion de contemporanéité entendue comme une exacerbation de la présentification d’un passé proche et vivant, que les historiens du temps présent trouvent ce qui fait leur relative singularité au sein de la discipline. Mots clefs: Temps Présent. Témoignage/Témoin. Sources Orales. Ontologie du Présent. Présentisme.
Notas iniciais sobre a história do tempo presente e a historiografia no Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Marieta de Moraes
Published: April 2018

A proposta deste texto é apresentar algumas considerações iniciais acerca da introdução e legitimação da história do tempo presente no Brasil, buscando uma articulação com os diferentes contextos historiográficos que dificultaram sua afirmação ou, ao contrário, que funcionaram como estímulo para seu desenvolvimento. O ponto central do nosso argumento é destacar que, diferentemente de outros países, a história oral foi um elemento fundamental para estimular e garantir a afirmação, no Brasil, da história do tempo presente, numa primeira fase, enquanto um conceito que promove uma reflexão sobre seu estatuto, seus marcos cronológicos e sua relação com as demandas sociais. Um segundo ponto é assinalar a relação da instalação da Comissão da Verdade e da Lei de Acesso à Informação como responsáveis por imprimir uma nova dinâmica para as pesquisas da história do tempo presente.Palavras-chave: História do Tempo Presente. Memória. História Oral.
Cultura política e ditadura: um debate teórico e historiográfico
Authors: Patto Sá Motta Rodrigo
Published: April 2018

O artigo tem o propósito de oferecer contribuições ao debate acerca da utilização da categoria cultura política em pesquisas na área de história. O texto está dividido em três partes, começando com uma discussão sobre as origens do conceito (proveniente das ciências sociais) e sua definição essencial. Logo em seguida, é apresentada uma proposta de análise visando a identificar os elementos constitutivos da cultura política brasileira, tendo a crise atual como horizonte. Na terceira parte, finalmente, são tecidos alguns comentários e explicações sobre o uso de cultura política em As universidades e regime militar. Cultura política brasileira e modernização autoritária, livro recentemente publicado pelo autor.Palavras-chave: Ditadura. Historiografia. Cultura Política. Modernização Autoritária. Universidades.
Gritos, susurros y silencios dictatoriales. La historiografía chilena y la dictadura pinochetista
Authors: Ortiz de Zárate Verónica Valdivia
Published: April 2018

Este artículo revisa la producción historiográfica chilena respecto de la dictadura, liderada por el general Augusto Pinochet. El artículo sostiene que el período dictatorial no ha generado en Chile un campo/área de estudios consistente y que perdure en el tiempo, pues la atención ha estado concentrada más bien en su proyección a la post dictadura y las responsabilidades de los gobiernos civiles en sus continuidades, como en las vías de construcción al socialismo y la experiencia chilena de la Unidad Popular. Tal derrotero se relaciona con el debate político en Chile sobre el desmontaje de esa herencia. Ello ha incidido en una producción desbalanceada, con temas excesivamente analizados, otros de menos repercusión y muchos más, abandonados. Gritos, susurros y silencios son las metáforas que expresan tales tendencias. Palabras clave: Dictadura. Historiografía. Chile. Pinochet. Abstract:This article reviews the historiography concerning the Chilean dictatorship led by General Augusto Pinochet.  It claims that the dictatorial period has not established, at least in Chile, a consistent and sustained field of studies, as attention has tended to focus more on its repercussions in the post-dictatorial period and the complicities of civilian governments on such continuities, as well as on the different "roads" to socialism and the experience of the Popular Unity.  These emphases are connected to Chile's current political debates about the feasibility or desirability of dismantling Pinochet's legacies, with their attendant incidence on an unbalanced historiographic production: some topics have been analized in excess, others have received less attention, and many more have been simply ignored.  Shouts, whispers and silences are the metaphors here employed to convey those tendencies. Keywords: Dictatorship--Historiography--Chile--Pinochet.