bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gestational age at birth and mode of delivery – analysis of 1280 cases of diabetic pregnancies and review of the literature
Authors: Rajewska Aleksandra , Celewicz Zbigniew , Torbé Andrzej
Published: October 2017

Wstęp: Celem pracy była analiza wieku urodzeniowego noworodków, sposobu rozwiązania i wskazań do cięcia cesarskiego w 1280 przypadkach ciąż powikłanych cukrzycą.Materiały i metody: Ciężarne z cukrzycą ciążową (grupa GD) podzielono na podgrupę kobiet z cukrzycą klasy G1 (n = 620), u których normalizację glikemii osiągnięto wyłącznie dzięki leczeniu dietetycznemu, oraz podgrupę kobiet z cukrzycą klasy G2 (n = 524), u których poza leczeniem dietetycznym stosowano również insulinoterapię. Ciężarne z cukrzycą rozpoznaną przed ciążą (grupa PGD) podzielono na podgrupę kobiet z cukrzycą klasy B, C i D (BCD; n = 103) i na podgrupę kobiet zpowikłaniami naczyniowymi VC (vascular complications), z cukrzycą klasy R, F i RF (n = 33).Wyniki: W grupie GD 4,3% porodów odbyło się przed ukończeniem 34. tygodnia ciąży, a w grupie PGD – 10,29% (p = 0,0045). Najniższy odsetek porodów <34. tygodnia ciąży zanotowano w podgrupie G2, a najwyższy w podgrupie VC. Również odsetek porodów przed ukończeniem 37. tygodnia ciąży był niższy w grupie GD niż w grupie PGD (p = 0,002) i najniższy w podgrupie G2, a najwyższy w podgrupie VC. Odsetek rozwiązań cięciem cesarskim był niższy w grupie GD niż w grupie PGD (47,94 vs 74,26; p < 0,001). W podgrupie VC był on zbliżony do 100, z kolei najmniej cięć cesarskich miało miejsce w podgrupie G1. W obu grupach cięcia cesarskie wykonywane były najczęściej ze wskazań płodowych. Wskazania płodowe dominowały w podgrupach G1, G2 i BCD, podczas gdy w podgrupie VC cięcie cesarskie wykonywano najczęściej ze względu na matkę.Wnioski: Cukrzyca w przebiegu ciąży zwiększa ryzyko porodu przedwczesnego. Dotyczy to w szczególności przypadków cukrzycy przedciążowej z powikłaniami naczyniowymi. Ukończenie ciąży drogą cięcia cesarskiego jest częściej wskazane uciężarnych z cukrzycą przedciążową niż u tych, u których cukrzyca rozwinęła się w ciąży. Cięcie cesarskie wykonywane jest najczęściej ze wskazań matczynych w podgrupie ciężarnych z cukrzycą przedciążową z powikłaniami naczyniowymi.
A Model for the Conductivity and Compliance of Unpropped and Natural Fractures
Authors: Wu Weiwei , Sharma Mukul M.
Published: October 2017

Fluid flow in unpropped and natural fractures is critical in many geophysical processes and engineering applications. The flow conductivity in these fractures depends on their closure under stress, which is a complicated mechanical process that is challenging to model. The challenges come from the deformation interaction and the close coupling among the fracture geometry, pressure, and deformation, making the closure computationally expensive to describe. Hence, most of the previous models either use a small grid system or disregard deformation interaction or plastic deformation.

In this study, a numerical model is developed to simulate the stress-driven closure and the conductivity for fractures with rough surfaces. The model integrates elastoplastic deformation and deformation interaction, and can handle contact between heterogeneous surfaces. Computation is optimized and accelerated by use of an algorithm that combines the conjugate-gradient (CG) method and the fast-Fourier-transform (FFT) technique. Computation time is significantly reduced compared with traditional methods. For example, a speedup of five orders of magnitude is obtained for a grid size of 512 × 512. The model is validated against analytical problems and experiments, for both elastic-only and elastoplastic scenarios.

It is shown that interaction between asperities and plastic deformation cannot be ignored when modeling fracture closure. By applying our model, roughness and yield stress are found to have a larger effect on fracture closure and compliance than Young's modulus. Plastic deformation is a dominant contributor to closure and can make up more than 70% of the total closure in some shales. The plastic deformation also significantly alters the relationship between fracture stiffness and conductivity. Surfaces with reduced correlation length produce greater conductivity because of their larger apertures, despite more fracture closure. They have a similar fraction of area in contact as compared with surfaces with longer fracture length, but the pattern of area in contact is more scattered. Contact between heterogeneous surfaces with more soft minerals leads to increased plastic deformation and fracture closure, and results in lower fracture conductivity. Fracture compliance appears not to be as sensitive to the distribution pattern of hard and soft minerals. Our model compares well with experimental data for fracture closure, and can be applied to unpropped or natural fractures. These results are obtained for a wide range of conditions: surface profile following Gaussian distribution with correlation length of 50 µm and roughness of 4 to 50 µm, yield stress of 100 to 1500 MPa, and Young's modulus of 20 to 60 GPa. The results may be different for situations outside this range of parameters.
Evaluation of Software-Based Early Leak Warning System in Gulf-of-Mexico Subsea Flowlines
Authors: Thiberville C. J. , Wang Y. , Waltrich P. , Williams W. C. , Kam S. I.
Published: October 2017

Early detection of subsea pipeline leaks is a very serious, and still continuing, issue for the oil and gas industry with limited successful cases reported. For example, aerial surveillance of pipeline can only be applied for relatively shallow and concentrated areas, and an advanced technology such as fiber optic cable can be considered at the significant expense of time and cost for installation and equipment. The objective of this study is to evaluate a software-based leak-detection technique through the complex multiphase flow mechanics. More specifically, this study investigates (i) how leak-detection problems can be formulated from fluid-mechanics viewpoint and (ii) how reliable such a technique can be under the conditions similar to deepwater Gulf of Mexico. Examining a wide range of scenarios, this study proves that software-based techniques have potential in playing a key role in the future.

This study, first of all, defines a base case selected from theliterature review of deepwater GoM flowlines in terms of pressure and temperature conditions, fluid properties, reservoir properties, and flowline characteristicswhich allows a steady-state flow in pipeline to be determined with no leak present. Next, leaks with certain opening sizes (dleak) at different longitudinal locations(xD=x/L) are positioned, and new steady states in the presence of leaks are calculated. By comparing the two steady-state responses (with and without leak), finally the changes in two leak-detection indicators (i.e., change in upstream pressure (ΔPin) and change in downstream total flow rate (Δqt out) can be calculated in a wide range of input parameters. This study presents the results in aform of contour plots for pressure and flow responses.

The major finding of this study is that, theoretically, it is possible to estimate both size and longitudinal location of the leak, by using the two leak detection indicators in the software-based leak-detection method. The results from various subsea flowline conditions (such as different GORs and fluid types, water depths, pressures at the receiving facilities, inclination angles, pipe diameters, water cuts, and so on) show that the reliability of this technique is improved when the sink term (i.e., amount of leaking fluid) is more dominant, which in turn means, leaks positioned further upstream, with larger opening size, and occurring at higher pressure inside pipe are relatively easier to detect. In many of the scenarios considered, Δqt outas a leak detection indicator shows more than10% change in the presence of a leak with dleak>1-inch, allowing relatively easier activation of leak-warning system, which demonstrates the robustness of this technique. Other scenarios where the indicators are less than a few percent changes, however, may be challenging in those cases, additional responses from other methods (hardware-based or transient simulation) will be helpful.
Remodelação estética do sorriso com resina composta e clareamento dental em paciente jovem: relato de caso
Authors: Goyatá Frederico dos Reis , Costa Hoany Vieira , Marques Luís Henrique Garcia , Barreiros Ivan Doche , Lanza Célia Regina Moreira , Novaes Júnior João Batista , Moreno Amália
Published: October 2017

A valorização dos aspectos que regem os conceitos de estética na sociedade tornou cada vez mais comum a procura por tratamentos estéticos funcionais. O clareamento dental associado às restaurações diretas são alternativas eficazes para devolver estética e função em tempo clínico curto associado ao baixo custo. Este caso clínico tem por objetivo apresentar a remodelação estética e o fechamento de diastema em região anterior de paciente adulto jovem, com a associação das técnicas de clareamento dental e remodelação/restauração com resina composta. A metodologia clínica desenvolvida neste caso foi eficaz em restabelecer a função e estética aos dentes anteriores da paciente de forma a promover um sorriso mais harmônico.Descritores: Resinas Compostas; Estética Dentária; Dentística Operatória; Clareamento Dental.
Restauração de dente posterior com resina composta associada à fibra de vidro: relato de caso
Authors: Goyatá Frederico dos Reis , Veludo Fernanda de Lima , Fonseca Maria Fernanda Lopes , Lanza Célia Regina Moreira , Barreiros Ivan Doche , Novaes Júnior João Batista , Moreno Amália
Published: October 2017

A evolução das resinas compostas aliado a maior exigência estética dos pacientes, em restaurações diretas tanto em dentes posteriores como em dentes anteriores, podem ser alternativa clínica de melhor custo-benefício quando comparadas às restaurações indiretas em cerâmica. Este caso clínico tem por objetivo discorrer sobre uma técnica restauradora direta em resina composta associada ao uso de fibra de vidro para restauração de um primeiro molar superior vital com grande destruição coronária. A utilização de resina composta com fibra de vidro permitiu melhorar as propriedades mecânicas do material restaurador favorecendo a obtenção de um resultado estético e funcional satisfatório e funcionalmente eficaz em relação aos anseios do paciente e com ótima relação custo-benefício.Descritores: Resinas Compostas; Dentística Operatória; Dente Molar; Vidro.
Treatment performance, nitrous oxide production and microbial community under low-ammonium wastewater in a CANON process
Authors: Mi Weixing , Zhao Jianqiang , Ding Xiaoqian , Ge Guanghuan , Zhao Rixiang
Published: October 2017

To investigate the characteristics of anaerobic ammonia oxidation for treating low-ammonium wastewater, a continuous-flow completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) biofilm reactor was studied. At a temperature of 32 ± 1 °C and a pH between 7.5 and 8.2, two operational experiments were performed: the first one fixed the hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 10 h and gradually reduced the influent ammonium concentrations from 210 to 50 mg L−1; the second one fixed the influent ammonium concentration at 30 mg L−1 and gradually decreased the HRT from 10 to 3 h. The results revealed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency exceeded 80%, with a corresponding total nitrogen removal rate of 0.26 ± 0.01 kg N m−3 d−1 at the final low ammonium concentration of 30 mg L−1. Small amounts of nitrous oxide (N2O) up to 0.015 ± 0.004 kg m−3 d−1 at the ammonium concentration of 210 mg L−1 were produced in the CANON process and decreased with the decrease in the influent ammonium loads. High-throughput pyrosequencing analysis indicated that the dominant functional bacteria ‘Candidatus Kuenenia’ under high influent ammonium levels were gradually succeeded by Armatimonadetes_gp5 under low influent ammonium levels.
Ammonium removal in landfill leachate using SBR technology: dispersed versus attached biomass
Authors: Sivic A. , Atanasova N. , Puig S. , Griessler Bulc T.
Published: October 2017

Large concentrations and oscillations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in municipal landfill leachate pose considerable constraints to its further treatment in central wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate and optimize two technologies for the pre-treatment of 600 L/day of landfill leachate: in particular, to optimize their operational conditions for NH4+-N removal up to a level appropriate for discharge to sewers, i.e. <200 mg/L. Both technologies were based on a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), with two different biomass processes: (A) SBR with dispersed/flocculated biomass and (B) SBR with biomass attached to carriers. The results revealed that both technologies successfully reduced the NH4+-N from 666 mg/L (on average) at the inflow to below 10 mg/L at the outflow with alkalinity adjustment in a 12-hour cycle. Both technologies achieved 96% removal efficiencies for NH4+-N. However, SBR with dispersed biomass showed higher flexibility under varying conditions due to the shorter adaptation time of the biomass.
Primer registro de Vigna vexillata (Fabaceae, Faboideae) en Sinaloa, México
Authors: Amador-Cruz Francisco , Benítez Pardo Daniel , Briseño Dueñas Raquel
Published: October 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: La Flora de Sinaloa está compuesta por 3736 especies registradas; sin embargo, su conocimiento es relativamente escaso y la mayoría de los estudios florísticos se han realizado en la porción norte, por lo cual se desarrolló en la zona sur el presente trabajo. Éste tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento de dicha flora, a través de un nuevo registro para la especie Vigna vexillata, a nivel estatal.Métodos: Se realizaron cinco salidas a lo largo de la zona de estudio, durante las cuales se recolectaron plantas, siguiendo las recomendaciones para la preparación de ejemplares botánicos; estas se determinaron con ayuda de bibliografía taxonómica especializada.Resultados clave: Se encontró un taxon del género Vigna que no estaba reportado para la flora del estado de Sinaloa. Se reconoce por presentar el giro de quilla hacia la izquierda; las estípulas foliales cordadas; un fruto terete lineal y la pubescencia marrón. La especie fue colectada en la zona costera de Escuinapa. El registro extiende la distribución de la especie a una zona más norteña.Conclusiones: Este registro sugiere la necesidad de continuar con los trabajos de flora en la zona sur de Sinaloa, ya que es un área escasamente estudiada y que presenta una gran variedad de tipos de vegetación, los cuales han permanecido inexplorados.
PROTEST AGAINST RELIGIOUS DISCOURSE AS EXPRESSED IN THE SELECT GUJARATI DALIT POETRY
Authors: Mangukiya Vijay D.
Published: October 2017

Since the birth of Hindu Varnra or caste system, Dalits have been segregated from the rest of community through the inhuman and arbitrary practice of untouchability. The ancient Hindu religious scriptures have been responsible for the ageless and endless pain and sufferings of Dalits. The theological world view justified the desirability and utility of this kind of social structure as it sought legitimacy from religion and its ancient scriptures. All those scriptures and their interpreters recommended absolute faith in them and in the interpretation that Varna or the caste system was willed by God or it was one of divine creations. The state power and organized religion imposed on them social, cultural and mental restrictions through superstitions, myths and punishments.The literature produced by Dalits revolt against the religious discourse of their respective countries. Therefore, the Dalit literary figures have lost faith in the religious ideologies and struggled hard for carving out some breathing space for their brethren. Some writers have made their poetry as a vehicle of propaganda against the hypocritical Hindu value system. The present research paper studies
HEALTH AND SAFETY AT THE WORKPLACE
Authors: . HanaeErrhouni
Published: October 2017

This article provides general information about occupational health and safety and the magnitude and diversity of the problem in the world, and explains the role of the health and safety representative.
National Estimates of 30-Day Unplanned Readmissions of Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Chan Lili , Chauhan Kinsuk , Poojary Priti , Saha Aparna , Hammer Elizabeth , Vassalotti Joseph A. , Jubelt Lindsay , Ferket Bart , Coca Steven G. , Nadkarni Girish N.
Published: October 2017

Background and objectives

Patients on hemodialysis have high 30-day unplanned readmission rates. Using a national all-payer administrative database, we describe the epidemiology of 30-day unplanned readmissions in patients on hemodialysis, determine concordance of reasons for initial admission and readmission, and identify predictors for readmission.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

This is a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Readmission Database from the year 2013 to identify index admissions and readmission in patients with ESRD on hemodialysis. The Clinical Classification Software was used to categorize admission diagnosis into mutually exclusive clinically meaningful categories and determine concordance of reasons for admission on index hospitalizations and readmissions. Survey logistic regression was used to identify predictors of at least one readmission.

Results

During 2013, there were 87,302 (22%) index admissions with at least one 30-day unplanned readmission. Although patient and hospital characteristics were statistically different between those with and without readmissions, there were small absolute differences. The highest readmission rate was for acute myocardial infarction (25%), whereas the lowest readmission rate was for hypertension (20%). The primary reasons for initial hospitalization and subsequent 30-day readmission were discordant in 80% of admissions. Comorbidities that were associated with readmissions included depression (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.05 to 1.15; P<0.001), drug abuse (odds ratio, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.31 to 1.51; P<0.001), and discharge against medical advice (odds ratio, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.45 to 1.70; P<0.001). A group of high utilizers, which constituted 2% of the population, was responsible for 20% of all readmissions.

Conclusions

In patients with ESRD on hemodialysis, nearly one quarter of admissions were followed by a 30-day unplanned readmission. Most readmissions were for primary diagnoses that were different from initial hospitalization. A small proportion of patients accounted for a disproportionate number of readmissions.
Evaluation of the Dependence of the Value of Heat Flux and Temperature on Heat Losses of the Heating Main
Authors: Kulikov V A , Okhilkov I L
Published: October 2017

Снижение потерь тепла в процессе его доставки до потребителя по трубопроводам является важнейшей задачей теплоснабжающих организаций. Результаты решения этой задачи оказывают серьезное влияние на формирование тарифа на тепло. Цель данной работы - проведение исследования зависимости значений теплового потока двухтрубной тепловой сети канальной прокладки при пролегании подающей и обратной трубы в одном железобетонном коробе от качества теплоизоляции. Основная идея метода состоит в том, что тепловой поток от трубопровода напрямую зависит от температуры протекающей жидкости-теплоносителя, которая может считаться известной, формы и геометрических размеров конструкции и, что немаловажно, от качества изолирующих материалов. Иными словами, при ухудшении качества изоляции тепловой поток, свойственный исправной конструкции, будет неизбежно изменяться, что и позволит в результате применения предложенного метода проводить аудит теплотрассы. Выводы и зависимости, представленные в данной статье, основываются на проведении статического теплового моделирования в математическом пакете ANSYS 17.1. В рамках исследования определяется зависимость температур и теплового потока в точке от общих потерь теплотрассы в атмосферу. Результаты, полученные в данном исследовании, могут быть использованы для проведения аудита теплотрасс за счет измерения теплофизических величин окружающего грунта.
Neural Network Segmentation of Laser Scanning System Data
Authors: Abramov A I , Abramov I V , Mazitov T A , Nikitin A A
Published: October 2017

Выделение объектов и их сопровождение является одной из перспективных и быстро развивающихся областей технического зрения, применяющейся в различных системах. Неотъемлемой частью таких систем является кластеризация и сегментация данных. В данной статье представлен краткий обзор алгоритмов сегментации данных, полученных с помощью 2D лазерных сканирующих систем. Слабым звеном таких алгоритмов является сегментация близко расположенных объектов. Для лучшего выделения сегментов предложено использование данных дальности вместе со значениями интенсивности отраженного сигнала соответствующих измерений. Для комплексирования данных предложено использование нейросети, являющейся удобным инструментом при кластеризации и сегментации зашумленных и сложнокоррелируемых данных. В работе используется одна из наиболее распространенных и изученных моделей - многослойный персептрон. Представлена архитектура полученной сети, методика обучения и интерпретирование выходных для сегментирования облака двумерных точек. Результаты данного исследования могут быть использованы не только в задачах сегментации облаков точек, но и при решении задач построения карт, для выделения особых точек при анализе двумерных облаков точек, построения систем сопровождения объектов.
Model for Developing the Training Video
Authors: Ardasheva D D , Shikhova O F
Published: October 2017

Рассматривается авторская модель разработки учебного видео как интерактивного информационного средства обучения, позволяющего активизировать познавательную деятельность студентов. Охарактеризованы блоки модели (целевой, проектный, организационный, диагностический), отражающие движение от компетентностно-ориентированных целей создания учебного видео к результату этого процесса, представленному в виде уровней сформированности целевых компетенций учащихся. Приведен алгоритм создания учебного видео, включающий необходимые процедуры, обеспечивающие интерактивность процесса его просмотра и обсуждения. Сформулированы правила и обязательные условия организации интерактивного обучения на основе учебного видео, обеспечивающие высокую мотивацию студентов и направленные на развитие их коммуникабельности, командного духа и свободы самовыражения. Показано, что предлагаемая модель может быть использована как действующими педагогами, так и студентами, ориентированными на педагогическую деятельность с использованием информационно-коммуникационных технологий.
The Method of Application of Breathing Simulators in the Classroom for Physical Education of Students
Authors: Gibadullin I G , Kuznetsova L N , Anisimova A Yu
Published: October 2017

Рассматривается экспериментальная методика с использованием тренажеров для дыхания на занятиях по физическому воспитанию студентов 1-4-х курсов. Для обоснования разработанной экспериментальной методики мы организовали контрольную и экспериментальную группы по 10 студентов. Контрольная группа занималась по программе «Основы организации физического воспитания в вузе». Экспериментальная группа занималась также по программе, но еще во время разминки экспериментальная группа 4 недели использовала тренажеры для дыхания Powerbreathe Classic series и «Новое дыхание». С тренажером Powerbreathe Classic series студенты делали 20 сопротивлений на вдохе, а с тренажером «Новое дыхание» - 20 сопротивлений на выдохе. Следующие 7 недель студенты во время разминки бегали в тренажерных масках «Новое дыхание». До начала занятий они делали несколько глубоких вдохов и сильных выдохов через рот, одновременно вращали ручку регулировки уровня нагрузки до появления вибрации потока вдыхаемого воздуха. В конце эксперимента также проведено тестирование прибором Spirolab III. Результаты методики отражены в процентном соотношении в диаграммах показателей контрольной и экспериментальной групп. Усовершенствование отечественного образования требует активного поиска новых форм, методов и средств обучения, нацеленных на совершенствование учебного процесса, подготовку молодого поколения к жизни и работе в условиях рыночной экономики. В современных условиях учебный процесс студентов должен быть направлен на внедрение нового общественного порядка - формирования самостоятельной, активной, творческой и здоровой личности.
Research of Deformability of Satellite Unit of Planetary Transmission
Authors: Plekhanov F I , Blinov I A , Suntsov A S
Published: October 2017

Многопоточные планетарные передачи нашли широкое распространение в технике благодаря хорошим технико-экономическим показателям: высокой нагрузочной способности при небольших габаритах и массе, малым потерям мощности на трение, большому передаточному отношению в одной ступени. Существенным недостатком этих передач является неравномерность распределения нагрузки в зацеплениях колес, что вызвано неизбежными погрешностями изготовления и деформациями их звеньев. Однако податливость отдельных элементов передачи (осей и подшипников сателлитов, щек водила) способствует выравниванию нагрузки по сателлитам и их рядам при многорядном исполнении механизма. В связи с этим важно установить степень влияния деформации элементов планетарной передачи на распределение нагрузки в зацеплениях колес и на такой важный технико-экономический показатель, как отношение массы к моменту на выходном валу. Коэффициент неравномерности распределения нагрузки по сателлитам определялся из решения системы уравнений совместности перемещений с учетом деформации щек водила, подшипников и осей сателлитов. Причем ось сателлита в местах ее сопряжения со щеками водила и кольцом подшипника качения рассматривалась как балка на упругом основании, а щеки водила выполнены с пазами для снижения их жесткости. Таким образом, было установлено, что выполнение щек водила податливыми позволяет снизить коэффициент неравномерности распределения нагрузки по сателлитам на 8-11 %, что благоприятно сказывается на несущей способности привода и его массогабаритных показателях. При ограниченном радиальном размере передачи ее целесообразно выполнить многорядной. Однако в этом случае деформация кручения солнечной шестерни ведет к неравномерному распределению нагрузки по рядам сателлитов. Для предотвращения этого негативного явления предлагается водило выполнить с разными по ширине перемычками, размеры которых подобрать так, чтобы их деформация соответствовала деформации кручения шестерни. Таким образом, использование предложенных конструкций многопоточных планетарных передач при рациональном выборе их параметров позволяет существенно снизить неравномерность распределения нагрузки в зацеплениях колес и улучшить технико-экономические показатели привода.
Accuracy of genomic values predicted using deregressed predicted breeding values as response variables
Authors: Ruíz-Flores Agustín , García-Muñiz José Guadalupe , Domínguez-Viveros Joel , López-Ordaz Rufino , Ramírez-Flores Fernanda
Published: October 2017

Highly accurate predicted genetic values must be obtained at an early age to promote rapid genetic progress. The objectives of this study were to compare accuracies (R2) of genomic values (GVs) and to estimate genetic correlation between true genetic values and genomic values obtained using predicted breeding values (EBV) and deregressed EBV (DEBV) as response variables. A first population, effective population size 800 and 100 generations, was simulated using the QMSim program to generate linkage disequilibrium. Thereafter, 20 males and 200 females were used to generate a second 14-generation population, with 6,400 individuals per generation and its corresponding phenotype and genotype in SNP terms. Generations 7 to 14 of the second population were used in several combinations as training (PEn) and evaluation (PEv) subpopulations. GVs, their accuracies, and genetic correlations were obtained using the GenSel and ASREML programs. When PEn was the largest, the mean R2 of GV was the highest, 0.77 ± 0.01. The closer PEn was to PEv, the higher the R2, and correspondingly, the lower the predicted error variance. The trends for R2 and PEV held true for both EBV and DEBV used as response variables. Genetic correlation estimates between true genetic values and GVs varied from 0.41 to 0.53 in the two scenarios studied. They decreased when PEn and PEv were farther apart. There were only slight advantages of using DEBVs as response variables over using EBVs.
Eficiencia en el uso del agua de variedades de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) con sistema de riego subsuperficial
Authors: Sánchez Gutiérrez Ricardo A. , Servin Palestina Miguel , Gutiérrez Bañuelos Héctor , Serna Pérez Alfonso
Published: October 2017

Se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de evaluar la eficiencia del agua de riego en la producción de materia seca y proteína cruda en cinco variedades de alfalfa y dos sistemas de riego, en Zacatecas. La siembra se realizó el 2 de febrero del 2012 bajo un diseño de bloques completamente al azar con arreglo de parcelas divididas y tres repeticiones. Los sistemas de riego evaluados fueron goteo sub-superficial (RGS) e inundación en melgas; y las variedades Silverado, Júpiter, 58n57, Excelente, y Gigante. El análisis estadístico fue en un diseño de parcelas divididas mediante el paquete estadístico SAS. La producción de materia seca (PMS) no se afectó por el sistema de riego (P>0.05), con una media para el total de cinco cortes de 15,561 y 14,121 kg ha-1 para los sistemas RGS e inundación; respectivamente. En cuanto a variedades solamente se encontraron diferencias (P<0.05) en el tercer corte para PMS, sobresaliendo Gigante y Júpiter con 4,638 y 4,263 kg ha-1; respectivamente. No hubo interacción entre riego*variedad (P>0.05). Los sistemas de riego no afectaron el porcentaje de proteína cruda y la producción de proteína cruda del forraje. El sistema RGS redujo en 44 % el volumen de agua aplicada en comparación al riego por inundación. Además en el mismo sentido incrementó la eficiencia del agua de riego en la producción de materia seca y proteína cruda del forraje en 49.2 y 50.9 % respectivamente.
Secuencias de cultivo alternativas para incrementar el potencial forrajero y productividad del agua
Authors: Reta Sánchez David Guadalupe , Serrato Corona J. Santos , Quiroga Garza Héctor Mario , Gaytán Mascorro Arturo , Figueroa Viramontes Uriel
Published: October 2017

La intensificación de la producción de forraje durante el período otoño-invierno puede incrementar la productividad de los sistemas de producción. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el potencial forrajero y productividad del agua (PA) de secuencias de cultivo alternativas con doble cosecha en otoño-invierno. El estudio se realizó durante los ciclos 2012-2013 y 2013-2014 en Matamoros, Coahuila, México. Se compararon las secuencias alternativas canola-triticale-maíz, canola-cebada-maíz, canola-cártamo-maíz y canola-triticale-mijo perla con las secuencias convencionales avena-maíz-maíz y avena-sorgo-sorgo. Se determinó la composición química del forraje, los rendimientos de materia seca (MS), nutrientes y PA en la producción de MS, proteína cruda (PC) y energía neta para lactancia (ENL). Las secuencias alternativas mostraron mayores rendimientos (11.4-53.3 %) y valores superiores de PA (23.1-58.9 %) en la producción de PC (P<0.05), además de ahorros en lámina de riego anual de 5.7 a 36.0 cm al compararse con la secuencia convencional avena-maíz-maíz. Las mejores secuencias alternativas fueron las que incluyeron canola en otoño, cebada o triticale en invierno, y maíz en primavera, debido a su mayor rendimiento y PA en PC (P<0.05); además, sus valores de PA para MS (1.92-2.05 kg m-3) y ENL (12.22-13.64 MJ m-3) fueron similares (P>0.05) o mayores (P<0.05) a los de la secuencia avena-maíz-maíz con 1.65-1.99 kg m-3 para MS y 11.09-13.72 MJ m-3 para ENL. Los resultados indican que las secuencias alternativas con doble cosecha en otoño-invierno pueden mejorar la eficiencia de producción de forraje.
HUBUNGAN DISTRES DAN KADAR KORTISOL DENGAN KEJADIAN OLIGO-AMENOREA PADA NARAPIDANA DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN WANITA SESUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Yaunin Yaslinda , G. Ardi Elita , S. Lasmini Putri , Erkadius Erkadius
Published: October 2017

AbstrakBeberapa penelitian membuktikan bahwa wanita lebih banyak mengalami depresi dari pada pria. Stresor sebagai penyebab distres bisa datang sendiri-sendiri atau bersamaan. Sebagai respon terhadap distres beberapa hormon dan neurotransmitter dikeluarkan untuk mempersiapkan tubuh menahan stresor. Hiperaktivasi HPA-aksis menyebabkan korteks adrenal mengsekresi kortisol secara berlebihan ke dalam darah, juga menyebabkan pelepasan β-endorphin yang berlebihan sehingga terjadi penekanan GnRH dan menghambat LH sehingga terjadi oligomenorea dan amenorea. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik,dengan subjek narapidana wanita di LP wanita se-Sumatera Barat pada bulan Juni 2007 s/d Desember 2007. Kriteria Inklusi : wanita usia 20-40 tahun, tidak sedang menderita penyakit sistemik, haid teratur sebelum masuk penjara, mempuyai BMI normal, bersedia ikut penelitian. Depresi ditegakkan berdasarkan PPDGJ III, sedangkan kortisol diperiksa melalui darah yang diambil melalui vena mediana cubiti pagi dan sore hari melalui pemeriksaan dengan sistem ECLIA. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kadar kortisol pagi hari pada subjek yang mengalami depresi memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna dibanding subjek yang tidak depresi, kadar kortisol sore hari tidak ada perbedaan bermakana antara subjek yang mengalami depresi dibanding tidak depresi. Tidak ada perbedaan kortisol pagi hari pada subjek yang menngalami gangguan haid dengan subjek yang haidnya normal,juga tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gangguan haid yang terjadi dengan depresi yang dialami subjek pada penelitian ini (P=0,209).Kata Kunci : Depresi, Kortisol, Oligo-amenoreaAbstractSome studies showed that women more have depression than men.In order as the respon to stressor body will scret some hormones and some neurotransmitters. Hiperactivation of HPA-axis induce adrenal cortex to secretion more cortisol to blood stream and also more β endhorphin that will be pressure GnRH & inhibit LH and the end by oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea. The design of this study is analytic-descriptive studies with subjects prisoner women in WestARTIKEL PENELITIAN139Sumatera,age 20-40, no physical illnes, has normal menstruation before in the prison and BMI normal range.The result showed that cortisol level in the morning is significantly different between depression and non depression subjects. There are no different cortisol level in the afternoon between depression and non depression subjects, and also no different cortisol level women with disregulation menstruation and women with normal menstruation. There are no relationship between disregulation menstruation and depression.Key word : Depression,Cortisol, Oligomenorrhea
INFANTILE HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS (IHPS)
Authors: Jurnalis Yusri Dianne , Sayoeti Yorva , Moriska Marlia
Published: October 2017

AbstrakInfantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) adalah kelainan anatomi pada bayi dengan terjadinya hipertropi pada region pilorik yang menimbulkan obstruksi. Diagnosis dapat ditegakkan berdasarkan manifestasi klinis. Pada kasus yang tidak khas dibutuhkan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut. Dilaporkan sebuah kasus IHPS di RS. M. Djamil Padang, anak laki-laki usia 2 bulan. Pasien datang dengan keluhan utama muntah yang tidak proyektil setiap selesai menyusui. Pada pemeriksaan fisik tidak ditemukan massa di abdomen sebagai tanda obstruksi. Dari pemeriksaan barium meal sesuai dengan IHPS dan terbukti saat operasi. Pasien pulang dalam keadaan baik.Kata Kunci : Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, barium mealAbstractInfantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is misleading anatomic in infant with hypertrophy muscle in the pyloric region leads to gastric obstruction. Diagnosed can determine based on the clinical manifestation. In the case that not characterized such as examination in early onset, onset in the younger ex neonate needs more examination to determine the case as IHPS. Reported a case IHPS in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital in infant, boy, 2 month old. He came with chief complain non projectile vomiting after feeding. In physical examination there was no palbable mass on the abdominal as manifestation of obstruction. The result of Barium meal appropriate with IHPS and was improved in operation. The patient was discharged in good condition.Key word : Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, barium mealLAPORAN KASUS
KONSUMSI MIKRONUTRIEN DAN EKSPRESI GEN eNOS3 ALEL INTRO 4a4b PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI ETNIK MINANGKABAU
Authors: Sulastri Delmi
Published: October 2017

AbstrakGen eNOS3 varian intron 4a4b merupakan salah satu gen yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi esensial. Kemampuan Gen eNOS3 varian ini untuk mensintesis enzim nitric oxide synthase (NOS) berkurang sehingga sintesis Nitric oxide (NO) menurun. Senyawa NO adalah suatu senyawa vasoaktif yang menyebabkan vasodilatasi pembuluh darah.Penelitian pada subjek hipertensi dan normotensi berusia 30-65 tahun bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh mikronutrien terhadap ekspresi gen eNOS3 alel intron 4a4b. 130 subjek, diwawancara pola makannya lalu dilakukan analisis asupan mikronutrien, gen eNOS3, serta kadar NO plasma. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji T dan chi-square.Kadar NO plasma penderita hipertensi adalah 26.91 + 15.40 μM/L dan normotensi 25.79 + 15.04 μM/L. 55.5% subjek hipertensi memiliki gen eNOS3 varian intron 4b dan 69% subjek normotensi mempunyai varian intron 4a4b. Kadar NO plasma rendah, (66.7%) ditemukan pada subjek hipertensi dengan varian intron 4b. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna asupan mikronutrien dengan kadar NO plasma pada subjek hipertensi.Hasil ini tidak mendukung pengaruh konsumsi mikronutrien terhadap kadar NO plasma pada penderita hipertensi dengan gen eNOS3 varian intron 4a4b.Kata Kunci : hipertensi esensial, gen eNOS3, kadar NO plasmaAbstracteNOS 3 gene intron 4a4b allel is one of the important genes which is related to hypertesion essensial. This gene expresses the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme which regulates the synthesis of Nitric oxide (NO) in human body. NO causes vasodilatation, which decreases peripheral resistant and blood pressure.A research has been done based on cross sectional study on hypertension patients and those with normal blood pressure in the range of 30-65 years old. The main of this research is to evaluate the influence of micronutrient consumption on eNOS3 gene intron 4a4b allel expression in hypertension subjects in Minangkabau ethnicity. 130 subjects interviewed about micronutrient consumption and theARTIKEL PENELITIAN14assessment of eNOS3 gene and NO plasma level were done. The Data was analysed with t-test and chi-square. The results of this study showed that the hypertensive’s plasma NO concentration was 26.91 ± 15.40 μM/L and normotensive’s was 25.79 ± 15.04 μM/L. 55.5% of the hypertensive group has eNOS3 gene intron 4b alleles and 69% of the normotensive group has eNOS3 gene intron 4a4b alleles . Low NO plasma level can be found at 66.7% subject hypertension with eNOS3 gene allel intron 4b. There was no significant relationship between consumption of micronutrient with NO plasma level in hypertension patients.This result did not support that consumption micronutrient can influenced NO plasma level in hypertension subject with eNOS3 gene allel 4a4b.Key word : essensial hypertension, eNOS3 gene, NO plasma level.
IDENTIFIKASI BLASTOCYSTIS HOMINIS SECARA MIKROSKOPIS DAN PCR PADA SAMPEL FESES DI LABORATORIUM RSUP. Dr. M. DJAMIL PADANG
Authors: Nofita Eka , Harminarti Nora , Rusjdi Selfi Renita
Published: October 2017

AbstrakPenelitian ini untuk mengetahui keberadaan Blastocystis pada feses secara mikroskopisdan dengan menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Sampel penelitian didapat dariRumah Sakit. Dr. M. Djamil Padang selama satu bulan pengumpulan. Semua sampel yangterkumpul diperiksa untuk mendeteksi Blastocystis dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopis langsungdan PCR. Sampel tinja yang terkumpul 61 dan didapatkan 13 (21,3%) positif mengandungBlastocystis dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopis langsung dan sebanyak 20 (32,8%) positifdengan pemeriksaan PCR. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan PCR dapat mendeteksiBlastocystis lebih sensitif dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopis langsung.AbstractThis study determined the presence of Blastocystis in faeces microscopically and by usingPolymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Samples were collected from hospital Dr. M. DjamilPadang for a month. All samples were examined for detecting Blastocystis by direct microscopicexamination and PCR. The total number of fecal samples collected was 61. It is foundthat 13 (21.3%) of the samples were tested positive for Blastocystis by direct microscopicexamination and 20 (32.8%) were positive by PCR. This study demonstrated that PCR candetect Blastocystis more sensitive than the direct microscopic examination.
POLIMORFISME GEN TNF-α -308G>A PADA PENDERITA SINDROM DOWN
Authors: Nurhajjah Siti , D. Ratnaningrum Safrina , E. P. Mundhofir3 Farmaditya , MH Faradz Sultana
Published: October 2017

AbstrakPenderita sindrom Down (SD) sering mengalami gangguan sistem imun, yangmenyebabkan kerentanan terhadap infeksi, tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian.Polimorfisme gen TNF-α -308G>A berkaitan dengan peningkatan kerentanan terhadap infeksi.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui polimorfisme gen TNF-α -308G>A pada penderitaSD di Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, dengan jumlah sampel 68orang (34 penderita SD dan 34 kontrol) yang ada di laboratorium CEBIOR. Pemeriksaanpolimorfisme gen ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode PCR-RFLP dan enzim retriksiNcoI serta dielektroporesis pada gel agarose 2%. Polimorfisme gen TNF-α -308G>A padapenderita SD didapatkan 4,4%, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol 2,9%. Polimorfisme genTNF-α -308G>A pada penderita SD ditemukan di daerah ini lebih rendah dibandingkan dengantempat lain. Kemungkinan adanya perbedaan etnik mempengaruhi kejadian polimorfisme genTNF-α pada populasi di Indonesia dibandingkan dengan populasi di Caucasia.AbstractPeople with Down syndrome (DS) often have impaired immune system, which causessusceptibility to infection, morbidity and mortality. TNF-α -308G>A polymorphism was foundto be associated with the increase of susceptibility to infection. The aim of this research is todetermine the distribution and allele frequency of TNF-α -308G>A polymorphism among DSpatients in Semarang. This is a descriptive research with 68 subjects (34 DS patients and 34control groups) in the CEBIOR laboratory. The polymorphisms of genes were examined usingPCR-RFLP, NcoI restriction enzyme, and electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel. Polymorphismof TNF-α -308G>A was found 4,4% on the DS groups and 2,9% on the control group.Polymorphisms in gene TNF-α -308G>A found in DS was lower in this area compared toother area. The difference in the ethnic background might be a well plausible explanation forthe differentiation between polymorphisms on TNF-α in Indonesian population compared toCaucasian population.
STRUKTUR PROTEOMIK VIRUS DENGUE DAN MANFAATNYA SEBAGAI TARGET ANTIVIRUS
Authors: Rachmayanti Novia
Published: October 2017

AbstrakVirus dengue (DENV) telah menyebabkan sekitar 50 juta kasus infeksi demam berdarah setiap tahunnya, akan tetapi hingga saat ini belum terdapat vaksin maupun antivirus yang mampu mencegah atau mengobati penyakit tersebut. Selama pengembangan vaksin dan antivirus, diperoleh berbagai informasi tentang struktur protein DENV yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai target obat. Makalah membahas tentang struktur proteomik pada DENV, yaitu glikoprotein pada envelope, NS3 protease, NS3 helikase, NS5 metiltransferase, dan NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polimerase.AbstractDengue virus (DENV) has caused over 50 millions infection every year. However, to date neither vaccine nor medicine could be used to prevent or cure the illness. During researches in finding the vaccine or antiviral for DENV, information on DENV protein structure has been obtained which is potentially used as drug target. This paper disscuss DENV proteomic structure that consist of envelope glicoprotein, NS3 protease, NS3 helicase, NS5 methyl-transferase, and NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA RETARDASI MENTAL DI SLB KOTA BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Ramayumi Raysa , Nurdin Adnil Edwin , Nurhajjah Siti
Published: October 2017

AbstrakRetardasi mental merupakan keadaan perkembangan jiwa yang terhenti atau tidak lengkap yang dikarakteristikkan dengan tingkat IQ dibawah 70-75. Frekuensi penderita retardas mental pada laki-laki lebih tinggi. Retardasi mental dapat disebabkan oleh aspek biologis yang mencakup gangguan kromosom dan genetik. Sindrom Down merupakan salah satu bentuk retardasi mental berat yang terkait dengan usia ibu saat hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita retardasi mental di SLB Kota Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 orang yang diambil dengan teknik random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui data dasar siswa berupa jenis kelamin dan usia ibu saat hamil serta tes IQ yang kemudian dikategorikan berdasarkan derajat retardasi mental Hasil dari penelitian ini dengan 46 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi didapatkan bahwa frekuensi laki-laki dengan perempuan sama, 41,3% termasuk derajat retardasi mental ringan, dan 34,8% dari ibu penderita hamil pada usia lebih dari 35 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa sebagian penderita memiliki derajat retardasi mental ringan, dengan usia ibu saat hamil pada usia lebih dari 35 tahun.AbstractMentally retardated is a state of mental development stalled or incomplete which characterized by an IQ level below 70-75. Frequency mentally retarded of male is higher. Mentally retardated caused by biological aspects that include chromosomal and genetic disorders. Down syndrome is a severe form of mentally retardated associated with maternal age. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of individuals with mentally retardated at special school in Bukittinggi. This study used a descriptive design and 50 people with random sampling. Data was collected through student basic data such as gender and maternal age and IQ tests were then categorized based on the degree of mentally retardated. The results of 46 samples that complied inclusion criteria was found that the frequency of male same with female, 41.3% including the degree of mild mentally retardated, and 34.8% of maternal age is over than 35 years old. This study concluded that most individuals have a mild degree of mentally retardated, with maternal age is over than 35 years old.