bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalent and dynamic binding of the cell cycle checkpoint kinase Rad53 to gene promoters
Authors: Sheu Yi-Jun , Kawaguchi Risa Karakida , Gillis Jesse , Stillman Bruce
Published: December 2022

Replication of the genome must be coordinated with gene transcription and cellular metabolism, especially following replication stress in the presence of limiting deoxyribonucleotides. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad53 (CHEK2 in mammals) checkpoint kinase plays a major role in cellular responses to DNA replication stress. Cell cycle regulated, genome-wide binding of Rad53 to chromatin was examined. Under replication stress, the kinase bound to sites of active DNA replication initiation and fork progression, but unexpectedly to the promoters of about 20% of genes encoding proteins involved in multiple cellular functions. Rad53 promoter binding correlated with changes in expression of a subset of genes. Rad53 promoter binding to certain genes was influenced by sequence-specific transcription factors and less by checkpoint signaling. However, in checkpoint mutants, untimely activation of late-replicating origins reduces the transcription of nearby genes, with concomitant localization of Rad53 to their gene bodies. We suggest that the Rad53 checkpoint kinase coordinates genome-wide replication and transcription under replication stress conditions.
Kvalitet i praksisstudier gjennom systematisert samarbeid mellom universitet og praksisfelt
Authors: Sætertrø Odil , Solum Myren Gunn Eva
Published: December 2022

Hensikten med artikkelen er å beskrive erfaringer fra utprøving av ny praksismodell ved vernepleierutdanningen ved Nord universitet i perioden 2016-18. Målet med modellen var å utvikle et tettere samarbeid mellom utdanning og praksisfelt og å sikre god kvalitet på praksisstudiet. Metode: Det ble anvendt aksjonsforskning som tilnærming for å utvikle modellen. Evalueringen ble gjennomført ved hjelp av fokusgruppeintervju med studenter fra 1. og 2. studieår og deres praksisveiledere. Resultat: Organisering og rammer kan muliggjøre samhandling mellom praksisfelt og utdanningsinstitusjon. Trygghet i læringsprosessen skapes gjennom studenter i par og faste praksisveiledere. Konklusjon: Flerårig lederforankret avtale som avklarer faste møtepunkter mellom praksisfelt og utdanning er sannsynligvis sentralt for kontinuitet i samarbeidet. Møtepunkter for gjensidig utveksling av informasjon, utvikling av felles forståelse av kompetansekrav bidrar til å sikre et systematisk samarbeid. Strukturert veiledningsprosess kan gi gode forutsetninger for læring i praksisstudiet.  Studenter i par og veiledningskontrakt kan være gode verktøy for å sikre kvalitet i praksisstudiet.
Genome-wide investigation and expression pattern of PHR family genes in cotton under low phosphorus stress
Authors: Zhao Yan , Li Peiyu , Wang Huarui , Feng Jiping , Li Yuxin , Wang Shanshan , Li Yuanjie , Guo Yanyan , Li Lin , Su Yao , Sun Zhengwen
Published: December 2022

Phosphorus starvation response (PHR) protein is an important transcription factor in phosphorus regulatory network, which plays a vital role in regulating the effective utilization of phosphorus. So far, the PHR genes have not been systematically investigated in cotton. In the present study, we have identified 22, 23, 41 and 42 PHR genes in G. arboreum, G. raimondii, G. hirsutum and G. barbadense, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that cotton PHR genes were classified into five distinct subfamilies. The gene structure, protein motifs and gene expression were further investigated. The PHR genes of G. hirsutum from the same subfamily had similar gene structures, all containing Myb_DNA-binding and Myb_CC_LHEQLE conserved domain. The structures of paralogous genes were considerably conserved in exons number and introns length. The cis-element prediction in their promoters showed that genes were not only regulated by light induction, but also were related to auxin, MeJA, abscisic acid-responsive elements, of which might be regulated by miRNA. The expression analysis showed that the GhPHR genes were differentially expressed in different tissues under various stresses. Furthermore, GhPHR6, GhPHR11, GhPHR18 and GhPHR38 were significantly changed under low phosphorus stress. The results of this study provide a basis for further cloning and functional verification of genes related to regulatory network of low phosphorus tolerance in cotton.
Stray Nuzi-Type Tablet, Probably from Kurruḫanni, and Its Possible Meaning
Authors: Maidman M. P.
Published: December 2022

This article presents a preliminary study of an unusual Nuzi-type text. A transliteration, translation, and commentary are offered. It transpires that the text is an internal bureaucratic memorandum from ancient Kurruḫanni (very likely Tell al-Faḫḫar) dealing with barley belonging(?) / owed(?) to certain men.
Acquainted with Grief
Authors: Goldman Robert P.
Published: December 2022

The authors of the numerous medieval and early modern Sanskrit-medium commentaries on the various recensions and sub-recensions of the Vālmīkirāmāyaṇa frequently found themselves in a somewhat awkward hermeneutical position. The epic itself, like many Indic texts, is highly revered both as a religious text, one of the earliest and most influential Vaiṣṇava texts, and as a literary work that is not only a great poem but indeed the very first poem and the fons et origo of all subsequent poetry. Moreover, like Vyāsa, the author of the Rāmāyaṇa’s sister epic, the Mahābhārata, Vālmīki was regarded not merely as an inspired poet and sage, but as a ṛṣi, that is to say an inerrant seer whose speech, in his case inspired directly by the creator divinity Brahmā and the god’s gift of a divine vision, must therefore be accepted as absolutely true and authoritative. The problem facing the work’s commentators is that Vālmīki’s text portrays its hero, Rāma, as not only a god in the form of a man, but as one who, ignorant of his own divinity, suffers all of the mental, emotional, and physical pain to which ordinary mortals are prey. In this Rāma differs sharply from the subsequent Vaiṣṇava avatāra and central figure of the Mahābhārata, Kṛṣṇa, who, fully aware of his godhood, rarely suffers in any way mentally or physically. But the Rāmāyaṇa’s commentators are living and writing in a world in which the development of the medieval bhakti movements has led poets and theologians to conceive of and write about Rāma as an omnipotent and omniscient figure very much like Kṛṣṇa.

The present essay discusses the lexical, grammatical, and hermaneutical strategies the commentors adopted to negotiate the tension between Vālmīki’s apparent depiction of the suffering of his hero and a proposed deeper meaning in which the avatāra conforms more fully to what became the medieval and modern theology of god on earth.
Review of Becoming Diaspora Jews: Behind the Story of Elephantine. By Karel van der Toorn
Authors: Fried Lisbeth S.
Published: December 2022

Becoming Diaspora Jews: Behind the Story of Elephantine. By Karel van der Toorn. The Anchor Yale Bible Reference Library. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2019. Pp. xi + 270. $65.
Review of Georg Bühler’s Contribution to Indology. By Amruta Chintaman Natu
Authors: Salomon Richard
Published: December 2022

Georg Bühler’s Contribution to Indology. By Amruta Chintaman Natu. Harvard Oriental Series, Opera Minora, vol. 12. Piscataway NJ: Gorgias Press, 2020. Pp. xx + 235. $114.95 (cloth and PDF).
Review of Human Being, Bodily Being: Phenomenology from Classical India. By Chakravarthi Ram-Prasad
Authors: Selby Martha Ann
Published: December 2022

Human Being, Bodily Being: Phenomenology from Classical India. By Chakravarthi Ram-Prasad. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. viii + 204.
Review of Regional Literature and the Transmission of Culture: Chinese Drum Ballads, 1800–1937. By Margaret B . Wan
Authors: Guo Li
Published: December 2022

Regional Literature and the Transmission of Culture: Chinese Drum Ballads, 1800–1937. By Margaret B . Wan. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2020. Pp. xxii + 434. $75.
Guérison autochtone et rétablissement en santé mentale : rapprochement conceptuel et implications pour l’intervention psychosociale
Authors: Tremblay Christophe , Ellington Lisa
Published: December 2022

La guérison autochtone fait présentement l’objet d’un intérêt inégalé dans le champ de la santé mentale. En parallèle, les services réguliers en santé mentale au Québec et au Canada restent marqués par le paradigme du rétablissement. Si ces approches partagent plusieurs traits communs, elles présentent aussi des particularités et des nuances importantes à maîtriser pour les intervenant.es. Le présent article propose ainsi une comparaison conceptuelle en profondeur de ces deux approches. Quatre dimensions ont permis de les rapprocher et de les contraster, soit : 1) la pluralité de leurs assises conceptuelles ; 2) la globalité de leur vision des problématiques et de l’intervention ; 3) la non-linéarité des cheminements personnels et collectifs ; 4) la non-directivité des processus de changement. En discussion, nous abordons les implications pratiques de l’analyse conceptuelle. En conclusion, l’article soutien une hybridation possible, voire souhaitable entre les approches autochtones et occidentales dans le domaine de la santé mentale.
Species Richness, Diversity and Distribution of Phytoplankton in Fertilised Ponds of the Western Highlands Agro-Ecological Zone of Cameroon
Authors: Aimerance Kenfack Donhachi , Daniel Kenko Nkontcheu Brice , Davy Zebaze Tagning Pegis , Thomas Efole Ewoukem , Tchoumboue .
Published: December 2022

In developing countries, advanced aquaculture techniques are still at the embryonic stage. This study was carried out from January to December 2021 in the ponds of the West Cameroon Region and at the Ichthyology and Applied Hydrobiology Research Unit of the University of Dschang with the aim of contributing to a better understanding of species richness and distribution of phytoplankton populations in fertilised ponds. For this purpose, a total of fifteen (15) ponds including 03 in Bamendou (fertilised with cow dung), four in Batié (two fertilised with pig manure and two with wheat bran), one in Dschang (fertilised with chicken manure), four in Fokoué (two fertilised with pig manure and two unfertilised), and three in Foumbot (fertilised with cow dung), were assessed. These ponds were chosen based on the availability of fish farmers and the type of fertiliser administered. Together with water physicochemical properties measurement, phytoplankton sampling was done between 6 a.m. and 8 a.m. on a monthly basis. The results showed that phytoplankton species and genera richness was higher in unfertilised ponds in Fokoué ponds and in animal feed enriched ponds in Batié, respectively. However, the highest family richness was obtained in Dschang receiving chicken manure with a percentage of 88.8% of the total family richness. The species Microcystis aeroginosa exhibited the highest species frequency (57%) out of all the species recorded in the ponds of Batié fertilised with pig manure. The lowest Shannon-Weaver diversity indices and Piélou evenness indices were recorded in the Fokoué ponds independent of the type of fertiliser, and in the Dschang ponds receiving chicken manure. The outputs of this work are better proposals for the production of phytophagous or bulldozer fish, such as carp, in relation to the site and the type of fertilisers in the Western highlands agroecological zone of Cameroon in particular and the world in general.
Attitude-Behavior Gap in Green Consumption Behavior: A Review
Authors: Zhuo Zihui , Ren Zheng , Zhu Zhiwen
Published: December 2022

Although consumers are willing to purchase green products to prevent or alleviate environmental degradation, their positive attitude towards green products does not always translate into action. This phenomenon is called the attitude-behavior gap/consistency in the context of green consumption. In the era when sustainable development has become a critical social and economic trend, the research on this issue is of great significance. However, the existing research has not given an extensive explanation for how the phenomenon occurs, nor has a summary of the various factors that lead to the phenomenon and how they affect the purchase behavior of environmental protection. This article reviews the underlying mechanisms of attitude-behavior gap in green consumption behavior, and summarizes the empirical studies at individual level since 2010 from three aspects: 1) the formation and change of consumers' demand for green products, 2) the change of consumer behavior in the process of green demand being satisfied and 3) the influence of consumer's psychological cognition on attitude-behavior gap, and integrate them with the relevant researches in the fields of marketing and social norms. This paper also proposes some future research opportunities, such as attitudinal ambivalence, learning and trust mechanisms, the scope of behavior subject, cross-cultural issues, uncertainty factors, and measurement methods.
Mediation Role of Purchase Intention on The Relationship Between Social Media Marketing, Brand Image, and Brand Loyalty: A Case Study of J&T Express Indonesia
Authors: Sadli Thomas , Hartono Vincentius Christianto , Proboyo Adelina
Published: December 2022

The competition in Indonesia's courier, express, and parcel market has been very tight. J&T Express, one of the courier companies in Indonesia, needs to improve itself to survive and gain more market share. The research aims to analyze the impact of social media marketing and brand image on purchase intention and brand loyalty. The research also wants to determine the role of purchase intention in mediating the impact of social media marketing and brand image on brand loyalty. Data from 104 respondents who have ever used the service of J&T Express and watched the content of J&T's social media content were collected and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The result shows that social media marketing, brand image, and purchase intention significantly influence brand loyalty. However, purchase intention is proven not to mediate the relationship between social media marketing and purchase intention due to the insignificance of social media marketing on purchase intention. On the other hand, purchase intention significantly mediates the impact of brand image on brand loyalty.
Does Profitability Mediate the Influence of Corporate Governance on Firm Value?
Authors: Wulandari Niken , . Imronudin , Wajdi M. Farid , Susila Ihwan
Published: December 2022

This study examines the effect of corporate governance on firm value with profitability as an intervening variable. This study uses a sample of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2020. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling technique. This type of research is quantitative with path analysis using the software Eviews 9. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Independent commissioners and institutional ownership have no significant effect on the profitability variable, while the board of directors, public ownership, and managerial ownership have a significant positive effect on profitability. 2) Profitability has a significant positive effect on firm value. 3) Public ownership and managerial ownership have a significant positive effect on firm value, while independent commissioners, board of directors, and institutional ownership have no significant effect on firm value. 4) Independent commissioners and institutional ownership have no significant effect on firm value through profitability. Meanwhile, the board of directors, public ownership, and managerial ownership positively and significantly affect firm value through profitability.
Amid Ohio Measles Outbreak, New Global Report Warns of Decreased Vaccination During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abbasi Jennifer
Published: December 2022

This Medical News article discusses an annual report on measles from the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
An Amelanotic Choroidal Lesion in a 68-Year-Old Man
Authors: Kaplan Tyler M. , Salomao Diva R. , Dalvin Lauren A.
Published: December 2022

A 68-year-old man with a history of keratoconus was referred for evaluation of a choroidal lesion in his left eye. Fundus autofluorescence demonstrated hyperautofluorescence in a leopard-spotting pattern. What would you do next?
Detection and Monitoring of Circulating Tumor HPV DNA in HPV-Associated Sinonasal and Nasopharyngeal Cancers
Authors: Naegele Saskia , Efthymiou Vasileios , Das Dipon , Sadow Peter M. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Iafrate A. John , Faden Daniel L.
Published: December 2022

This prospective observational study examines if circulating tumor human papillomavirus DNA can be used as an accurate measure of disease status at the time of diagnosis, throughout treatment, and during monitoring in human papillomavirus-associated sinonasal and nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas.
Evaluation of measures related to dosimetric uncertainty of VMAT plans
Authors: Götstedt Julia , Karlsson Anna , Bäck Anna
Published: December 2022

Dosimetric uncertainty is most often not included in the process of creating and selecting plans for treatment. Treatment planning and the physician's choice of treatment plan is instead often based only on evaluation of clinical goals of the calculated absorbed dose distribution. Estimation of the dosimetric uncertainty could potentially have impact in the process of comparing and selecting volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans. In this study, different measures for estimation of dosimetric uncertainty based on treatment plan parameters for plans with similar dose distributions were evaluated.

VMAT plans with similar dose distributions but with different treatment plan designs were created using three different optimization methods for each of ten patient cases (tonsil and prostate cancer). Two plans were optimized in Eclipse, one with and one without the use of aperture shape controller, and one plan was optimized in RayStation.

The studied measures related to dosimetric uncertainty of treatment plans were aperture‐based complexity metric analysis, investigation of modulation level of multi leaf collimator leaves, gantry speed and dose rate, quasi‐3D measurements and evaluation of simulations of realistic delivery variations.

The results showed that there can be variations in dosimetric uncertainty for treatment plans with similar dose distributions. Dosimetric uncertainty assessment could therefore have impact on the choice of plan to be used for treatment and lead to a decrease in the uncertainty level of the delivered absorbed dose distribution. This study showed that aperture shape complexity had a larger impact on dosimetric uncertainty compared to modulation level of MLC, gantry speed and dose rate.
Variations in signal‐to‐noise characteristics of tissue‐equivalent attenuators for mammographic automatic exposure control system performance evaluation
Authors: Morrison Courtney K. , Macdonald Erin B. , Bevins Nicholas B.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This work investigates the impact of tissue‐equivalent attenuator choice on measured signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) for automatic exposure control (AEC) performance evaluation in digital mammography. It also investigates how the SNR changes for each material when used to evaluate AEC performance across different mammography systems.

Methods

AEC performance was evaluated for four mammography systems using seven attenuator sets at two thicknesses (4 and 8 cm). All systems were evaluated in 2D imaging mode, and one system was evaluated in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) mode. The methodology followed the 2018 ACR digital mammography quality control (DMQC) manual. Each system‐attenuator‐thickness combination was evaluated using For Processing images in ImageJ with standard ROI size and location. The closest annual physicist testing results were used to explore the impact of varying measured AEC performance on image quality.

Results

The measured SNR varied by 44%–54% within each system across all attenuators at 4 cm thickness in 2D mode. The variation appeared to be largely due to changes in measured noise, with variations of 46%–67% within each system across all attenuators at 4 cm thickness in 2D mode. Two systems had failing SNR levels for two of the materials using the minimum SNR criterion specified in the ACR DMQC manual. Similar trends were seen in DBT mode and at 8 cm thickness. Within each material, there was 115%–131% variation at 4 cm and 82%–114% variation at 8 cm in the measured SNR across the four imaging systems. Variation in SNR did not correlate with system operating level based on visual image quality and average glandular dose (AGD).

Conclusion

Choice of tissue‐equivalent attenuator for AEC performance evaluation affects measured SNR values. Depending on the material, the difference may be enough to result in failure following the longitudinal and absolute thresholds specified in the ACR DMQC manual.
Single‐Cell Profiling Reveals Functional Heterogeneity and Serial Killing in Human Peripheral and Ex Vivo‐Generated CD34+ Progenitor‐Derived Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Subedi Nikita , Verhagen Liesbeth Petronella , de Jonge Paul , Van Eyndhoven Laura C. , van Turnhout Mark C. , Koomen Vera , Baudry Jean , Eyer Klaus , Dolstra Harry , Tel Jurjen
Published: December 2022

Increasing evidence suggests that natural killer (NK) cells are composed of distinct functional subsets. This multifunctional role has made them an attractive choice for anticancer immunotherapy. A functional NK cell repertoire is generated through cellular education, resulting in a heterogeneous NK cell population with distinct capabilities responding to different stimuli. The application of a high‐throughput droplet‐based microfluidic platform allows monitoring of NK cell‐target cell interactions at the single‐cell level and in real‐time. A variable response of single NK cells toward different target cells is observed, and a distinct population of NK cells (serial killers) capable of inducing multiple target lysis is identified. By assessing the cytotoxic dynamics, it is shown that single umbilical cord blood‐derived CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor (HPC)‐NK cells display superior antitumor cytotoxicity. With an integrated analysis of cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion, it is shown that target cell interactions augment cytotoxic as well as secretory behavior of NK cells. By providing an integrated assessment of NK cell functions by microfluidics, this study paves the way to further functionally characterize NK cells ultimately aimed to improve cancer immunotherapy.
Research Progress of Shape Memory Polymer and 4D Printing in Biomedical Application
Authors: Zhao Wei , Yue Chengbin , Liu Liwu , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong
Published: December 2022

As a kind of smart material, shape memory polymer (SMP) shows great application potential in the biomedical field. Compared with traditional metal‐based medical devices, SMP‐based devices have the following characteristics: 1) The adaptive ability allows the biomedical device to better match the surrounding tissue after being implanted into the body by minimally invasive implantation; 2) it has better biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradability; 3) mechanical properties can be regulated in a large range to better match with the surrounding tissue. 4D printing technology is a comprehensive technology based on smart materials and 3D printing, which has great application value in the biomedical field. 4D printing technology breaks through the technical bottleneck of personalized customization and provides a new opportunity for the further development of the biomedical field. This paper summarizes the application of SMP and 4D printing technology in the field of bone tissue scaffolds, tracheal scaffolds, and drug release, etc. Moreover, this paper analyzes the existing problems and prospects, hoping to provide a preliminary discussion and useful reference for the application of SMP in biomedical engineering.
Electron Lifetime of Over One Month in Disordered Organic Solid‐State Films
Authors: Yamanaka Takahiko , Nakanotani Hajime , Nakamoto Katsuhiro , Adachi Chihaya
Published: December 2022

Understanding intrinsic carrier lifetime in disordered organic solid‐state semiconductors is essential for improving device performance in not only molecule‐based optoelectronic devices such as organic solar cells (OSC) but also photocatalysts used for producing solar fuel cells. Carriers in disordered films are generally thought to have short lifetimes on a scale ranging from nanoseconds to milliseconds. These short carrier lifetimes cause loss of charges in OSCs and low quantum yields in photocatalysts and impede the future application of organic semiconductors to, for example, charge‐storage‐based memory devices. This study reports an ultralong intrinsic carrier lifetime of more than one month in a disordered film of an organic semiconductor stored at room temperature without external power. This extraordinary lifetime, which is several orders of magnitude longer than that generally believed possible in conventional organic semiconductors, arises from carrier stabilization by spontaneous orientation polarization, excited spin‐triplet recycling, and blocking of recombination processes in disordered films.
Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Media
Authors: Lin Yichao , Dong Yan , Wang Xuezhen , Chen Liang
Published: December 2022

The well‐established proton exchange membrane (PEM)‐based water electrolysis, which operates under acidic conditions, possesses many advantages compared to alkaline water electrolysis, such as compact design, higher voltage efficiency, and higher gas purity. However, PEM‐based water electrolysis is hampered by the low efficiency, instability, and high cost of anodic electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this review, the recently reported acidic OER electrocatalysts are comprehensively summarized, classified, and discussed. The related fundamental studies on OER mechanisms and the relationship between activity and stability are particularly highlighted in order to provide an atomistic‐level understanding for OER catalysis. A stability test protocol is suggested to evaluate the intrinsic activity degradation. Some current challenges and unresolved questions, such as the usage of carbon‐based materials and the differences between the electrocatalyst performances in acidic electrolytes and PEM‐based electrolyzers are also discussed. Finally, suggestions for the most promising electrocatalysts and a perspective for future research are outlined. This review presents a fresh impetus and guideline to the rational design and synthesis of high‐performance acidic OER electrocatalysts for PEM‐based water electrolysis.
A Twisted Phosphor: Breaking T1 Energy Conservation in Dopant‐Matrix Organic Phosphorescence Systems
Authors: Ding Shuhui , Wang Xuepu , Wang Guangming , Wu Minjian , Li Junbo , Zhao Xiaoya , Li Haodong , Ren Shixue , Zhang Kaka
Published: December 2022

In the exciton model of organic compounds proposed by Kasha, energy levels of T1 states are insensitive to microenvironment because of negligibly small transition dipole moments of T1 states. This phenomenon of T1 energy conservation holds true in most organic systems. Here a serendipitous finding of a twisted organic phosphor that breaks T1 energy conservation in dopant‐matrix phosphorescence systems is reported. Specifically, the twisted phosphor exhibits distinct phosphorescence colors and T1 energy levels when doped into different organic matrices under ambient conditions. Time‐dependent density functional theory calculations reveal that, when the twisted phosphor is in its freely rotating form, the increase of twisted angle leads to the increase of its T1 energy level. After being planarized by alkyl cyclization, the phosphor shows the recovery of T1 energy conservation. Owing to its sensitive T1 level, the twisted phosphor functions as label‐free and visual probe for direct observation of polymer phase separation.
Deposition Characteristics of Aerosol Particles on the Surface of PV Modules: Numerical Study
Authors: Qiu Yunfeng , Guo Xiao , Wang Yahui , Tian Rui , Wei Chuan , Liu Shuang
Published: December 2022

The deposition of aerosol particles can significantly affect the surface transmittance of photovoltaic (PV) modules and thus reduce photoelectric efficiency. With the aid of the control variable method, orthogonal experimental design, and stepwise linear regression method, a numerical simulation study of the deposition process of aerosol particles on the surface of a PV module is carried out in this paper. The influence laws of inflow wind velocity (v), particle diameter (d), installation angle (α), and particle concentration (c) on the deposition process of aerosol particles are analyzed, respectively. The deposition mechanism of aerosol particles on the surface of the PV module is disclosed, and the prediction model of deposition rate (n) is proposed. The results show that v, d, and c all positively affect n of the aerosol particles within the value ranges of each investigation variable in this study. α positively affects n of the aerosol particles when v is less than 3.65 m s−1. α negatively affects the n of the aerosol particles when v is larger than 3.65 m s−1. The prediction model could accurately predict the n of aerosol particles. This research has a theoretical guiding significance for the formulation process of cleaning strategies for the surface of PV modules.
Quality of life comparison between esophagogastrostomy and double tract reconstruction for proximal gastrectomy assessed by Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale (PGSAS)‐45
Authors: Ikeda Masami , Takiguchi Nobuhiro , Morita Takayuki , Matsubara Hisahiro , Takeno Atsushi , Takagane Akinori , Obama Kazutaka , Oshio Atsushi , Nakada Koji
Published: December 2022

Aim

The current study compared the postoperative quality of life (QOL) between the esophagogastrostomy method (PGEG) and double tract method (PGDT) after proximal gastrectomy using the Postgastretomy Syndrome Assessment Scale (PGSAS)‐45.

Methods

Among the 2364 patients who received the PGSAS‐45 questionnaire, 300 PGEG and 172 PGDT cases responded. The main outcomes measures (MOMs) consisted of seven subscales (SS) covering symptoms, meals (amount and quality), ability to work, dissatisfaction with daily life, physical and mental component summary of the 8‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐8), and change in body weight, and were compared between PGEG and PGDT.

Results

Overall, PGDT promoted significantly better constipation SS scores (p < 0.05), whereas PGEG tended to promote better body weight (BW) loss% (p < 0.10). A stratified analysis based on the remnant stomach size revealed that among those with a remnant stomach size of 1/2, PGDT had significantly better constipation and dumping SS scores (p < 0.05) and tended to have better working conditions (p < 0.10) compared to PGEG. Even among those with the remnant stomach size of 2/3, PGDT had significantly better diarrhea SS scores, lesser dissatisfaction with symptoms, and better dissatisfaction with daily life SS scores (p < 0.05) and tended to have better constipation SS scores and lesser dissatisfaction with work (p < 0.10) compared to PGEG.

Conclusions

After comparing the QOLs of PGEG and PGDT, the stratified analysis according to remnant stomach sizes of 1/2 and 2/3 revealed that PGDT was relatively superior to PGEG for several MOMs.
Exploration of esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety status in patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease: A single‐center study in Taiwan
Authors: Wong Ming‐Wun , Liang Shu‐Wei , Hung Jui‐Sheng , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Lei Wei‐Yi , Wang Jen‐Hung , Chen Chien‐Lin
Published: December 2022

The esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety scale (EHAS) is a valuable cognitive‐affective evaluation of visceral sensitivity, which has been demonstrated to associate with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptom severity and psychological stress. We aimed to obtain the values for EHAS in the setting of patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) without GERD symptoms and investigate potential clinical factors contributing level of EHAS in symptomatic patients. Patients scheduled EGD with or without GERD symptoms were prospectively enrolled for assessing patient‐reported outcomes, including EHAS and GERD questionnaire (GERDQ). Patients without GERD symptoms had GERDQ ≤8 were classified as controls. Potential factors influencing the level of EHAS were identified via generalized linear model. We enrolled 534 patients, aged 20 to 84 years (mean, 52.78), of whom 54.2% were female; 110 had GERD symptoms, and 418 were controls. Patients with GERD symptoms had higher EHAS levels than controls (28.7 vs 10.2, P < .001). On generalized linear model GERDQ scores and female gender positively correlated with EHAS (GERDQ, β = 2.254, P < .001; female, β = 3.828, P = .001). In summary, our study suggests that greater esophageal hypervigilance and anxiety are associated with reflux symptoms burden across the spectrum of GERD, and correlate with female gender too.
BMI decline patterns and relation to dementia risk across four decades of follow‐up in the Framingham Study
Authors: Li Jinlei , Liu Chunyu , Ang Ting Fang Alvin , Au Rhoda
Published: December 2022

Background

Obesity has been associated with increased risk of dementia with several studies reporting a reverse causality, with weight loss preceding the onset of dementia.

Methods

Two thousand forty‐five non‐demented Framingham Offspring participants, aged 30 to 50 years, were included to determine effect of body mass index (BMI) decline patterns from mid‐ to late life over a 39‐year follow‐up. Group‐based trajectory models were used to create BMI trajectories.

Results

Decreasing BMI trends were associated with higher risk of developing dementia in late life. Decliners with first early mid‐life increasing and then later mid‐life declining patterns of BMI were at greater increased risk of dementia compared to non‐decliners (hazard ratio 3.84, 95% confidence interval 1.39–10.60).

Conclusion

While patterns of decline in BMI were associated with dementia, a subgroup with a pattern of initial increasing BMI followed by declining BMI, both occurring within mid‐life, appeared to be central to declining BMI–dementia association. Further validations are needed to provide robust conclusions.
Collective Behavior in Quantum Interference: A Supplementary Superposition Principle
Authors: Kowalski Frank V.
Published: December 2022

An interferometer in which all of its components are treated as quantum bodies is examined with the standard interpretation and with a model in which its uncoupled spatially separated components act collectively. These models utilize superposition principles that differ when applied to systems composed of three or more bodies. Interferometric discrepancies between these models that involve frequency shifts and recoil are shown to be difficult to measure. More pronounced differences involve quantum correlated interference. The collective model provides a missing connection between quantum and semiclassical theories. Scattering from an entangled state, which cannot be divided into disjoint parts, is proposed to involve such collective recoil. Collective scattering offers a viable supplement to the standard model, thereby providing insight into constructing tests of the superposition principle in systems with three or more bodies.
Gravitational Redshift Induces Quantum Interference
Authors: Bruschi David Edward , Schell Andreas Wolfgang
Published: December 2022

Quantum field theory in curved spacetime is used to show that gravitational redshift induces a unitary transformation on the quantum state of propagating photons. It is found that the transformation is a mode‐mixing operation, and a protocol that exploits gravity to induce a Hong–Ou–Mandel‐like interference effect on the state of two photons is devised. It is discussed how the results of this work can provide a demonstration of quantum field theory in curved spacetime.
Fast and Robust Nondestructive Parity Meter for Cat‐State Qubits via Reverse Engineering and Optimal Control
Authors: Li Dong‐Sheng , Kang Yi‐Hao , Zhao Xin‐Yu , Song Jie , Xia Yan
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a protocol for nondestructive parity meter (NPM) of two cat‐state qubits is proposed. The physical model contains two cavities and an auxiliary qubit. For each cavity, the quantum information is encoded on the odd and even cat state, forming a cat‐state qubit. By adjusting the strength of the driving field on the auxiliary qubit, an effective Hamiltonian for cavity‐selective transition is derived. Moreover, reverse engineering based on the effective Hamiltonian is applied to find the evolution path, and the systematic‐error‐sensitivity nullification method is used to select proper parameters of the evolution path. In this way, robust control fields are designed to combat the influence of the systematic errors. Furthermore, the effects of random noise and decoherence on the fidelity of the protocol are considered. Numerical simulations show that the protocol is insensitive to the experimental imperfection, including systematic errors, random noise and decoherence. Therefore, the protocol is expected to expand the vision of realizing NPM.
Generation of Perfectly Entangled Two and Three Qubits States by Classical Random Interaction
Authors: Akram Javed
Published: December 2022

This study examines the possibility of finding perfect entanglers for a Hamiltonian which corresponds to several quantum information platforms of interest at the present time. However, in this study, a superconducting circuit is used that stands out from other quantum‐computing devices, especially because transmon qubits can be coupled via capacitors or microwave cavities, which enables to combine high coherence, fast gates, and high flexibility in its design parameters. There are currently two factors limiting the performance of superconducting processors: timing mismatch and the limitation of entangling gates to two qubits. In this work, a two‐qubit SWAP and a three‐qubit Fredkin gate is presented, additionally, a perfect adiabatic entanglement generation between two and three programmable superconducting qubits is also demonstrated. Furthermore, the impact of random dephasing, emission, and absorption noises on the quantum gates and entanglement is also demonstrated in this study. It is demonstrated by numerical simulation that CSWAP gate and W‐state generation can be achieved perfectly in one step with high reliability under weak coupling conditions. Hence, this scheme could contribute to quantum teleportation, quantum communication, and some other areas of quantum information processing.
Effects of thermal aging on damage evolution behavior of glass fiber reinforced composites with multilayer graphene by acoustic emission
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhou Wei , Guo Xue‐yin , Su Ming‐ming , Ma Lian‐hua
Published: December 2022

The thermal aging behavior of glass fiber reinforced composites has attracted much attention because of its application in elevated temperatures environments. In this study, to improve the thermal aging resistance performance of composites, multilayer graphene was embedded in glass fiber reinforced composites and the damage evolution behaviors of the composites after thermal aging treatments were investigated. The mapping relationship between damage modes and acoustic emission parameters is established by principal component analysis andk‐means clustering methods, then the acoustic emission data were trained by K‐Nearest Neighbor algorithms to obtain a damage modes identification model with positive predictive values above 90%. The results showed that more matrix cracking signals are captured (or matrix cracking accumulation acoustic emission (AE) energy is abruptly raised) at the early stage of loading after 32 days of thermal aging. With the addition of multilayer graphene, the fiber/matrix debonding accumulation AE energy is significantly less than the matrix cracking accumulation AE energy, which is more obvious after thermal aging. Damage initiation and extension obtained by the acoustic emission events help to find the correlation between aging time and interior interface damage mechanism.
Double‐Site Occupation Triggered Broadband and Tunable NIR‐I and NIR‐II Luminescence in AlNbO4:Cr3+ Phosphors
Authors: Lyu Kuangnan , Liu Gaochao , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Zhiguo
Published: December 2022

Near‐infrared (NIR) phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diodes (pc‐LEDs) are desired for optoelectronic and biomedical applications, while the development of target broadband NIR phosphors still remains a significant challenge. Herein, a kind of Cr3+‐doped AlNbO4 phosphors with a broad NIR emission ranging from 650 to 1400 nm under 450 nm excitation are reported. A giant red‐shift emission peak from 866 to 1020 nm together with broadened full width at half‐maximum of 320 nm is achieved simply by varying the doped Cr3+ concentrations. Structural and spectroscopy analysis demonstrate that a concentration‐dependent site‐occupation of Cr3+ emitters in different Al3+ sites is responsible for the tunable NIR luminescence. The as‐fabricated NIR pc‐LED based on optimized AlNbO4:Cr3+ phosphor exhibits great potential in night‐vision applications. This work provides a novel design principle on the Cr3+‐doped AlNbO4 phosphor with tunable broadband luminescence from NIR‐I to NIR‐II, and these materials can be employed in NIR spectroscopy applications.
Vicagrel is hydrolyzed by Raf kinase inhibitor protein in human intestine
Authors: Zhu Ting , Wu Yu , Li Xue‐Mei , Jia Yu‐Meng , Zhou Huan , Jiang Li‐Ping , Tai Ting , Mi Qiong‐Yu , Ji Jin‐Zi , Xie Hong‐Guang
Published: December 2022

As an analog of clopidogrel and prasugrel, vicagrel is completely hydrolyzed to intermediate thiolactone metabolite 2‐oxo‐clopidogrel (also the precursor of active thiol metabolite H4) in human intestine, predominantly by AADAC and CES2; however, other unknown vicagrel hydrolases remain to be identified. In this study, recombinant human Raf kinase inhibitor protein (rhRKIP) and pooled human intestinal S9 (HIS9) fractions and microsome (HIM) preparations were used as the different enzyme sources; prasugrel as a probe drug for RKIP (a positive control), vicagrel as a substrate drug of interest, and the rate of the formation of thiolactone metabolites 2‐oxo‐clopidogrel and R95913 as metrics of hydrolase activity examined, respectively. In addition, an IC50 value of inhibition of rhRKIP‐catalyzed vicagrel hydrolysis by locostatin was measured, and five classical esterase inhibitors with distinct esterase selectivity were used to dissect the involvement of multiple hydrolases in vicagrel hydrolysis. The results showed that rhRKIP hydrolyzed vicagrel in vitro, with the values of Km, Vmax, and CLint measured as 20.04 ± 1.99 μM, 434.60 ± 12.46 nM/min/mg protein, and 21.69 ± 0.28 ml/min/mg protein, respectively, and that an IC50 value of locostatin was estimated as 1.24 ± 0.04 mM for rhRKIP. In addition to locostatin, eserine and vinblastine strongly suppressed vicagrel hydrolysis in HIM. It is concluded that RKIP can catalyze the hydrolysis of vicagrel in the human intestine, and that vicagrel can be hydrolyzed by multiple hydrolases, such as RKIP, AADAC, and CES2, concomitantly.
Enhancing and weakening conformity in third‐party punishment: The role of empathic concern
Authors: Tang Honghong , Zhu Ruida , Liang Zilu , Zhang Sihui , Su Song , Liu Chao
Published: December 2022

Conformity—shifting one's behavior patterns towards group norms—is both common and powerful. Prior research shows that conformity can drive behavioral patterns towards both positive and negative outcomes (e.g., environmentalism vs. anti‐environmentalism). However, we know little about conformity in response to sanctions for norm violations. This research explores conformity in punishment for norm violations and how this behavior is enhanced or weakened by empathic concern (N = 1108). The participants acted as third parties to punish unfairness either in a third‐party punishment game or in lifelike unfair allocation scenarios. They behaved in a group where other members inflicted either high or low punishment on the unfair proposers. The results of this study show that the participants conformed to both the high‐punishment norm and the low‐punishment norm, and their conformity persisted after removing the group context (Studies 1A and 1B). Studies 2A and 2B show that evoking empathic concern towards recipients (victims) in unfair situations increased the punishment of the dictator and diminished conformity to the low‐punishment norm. Study 3 shows that the enhancement effect of empathic concern on conformity when embedded in the high‐punishment norm strengthened over time, whereas the weakening effect of empathic concern on conformity among those representing a low‐punishment norm declined over time. These findings extend the understanding of conformity and the role of emotion in this behavior, with the potential for conformity‐modulating interventions.
Determination of valproic acid and its six metabolites in human serum using LC–MS/MS and application to interaction with carbapenems in epileptic patients
Authors: Yang Xuping , Jiang Zhenwei , Jiang Yan , Ling Jing , Dong Lulu , Zou Sulan , Chen Rong , Hu Nan
Published: December 2022

Valproic acid (VPA) is a classic medication for several types of epilepsy and mood disorders, and some of its effectiveness and toxicity is associated with metabolites. Although many reports have reported the drug–drug interactions of VPA, no study has focused on the influence of carbapenems (CBPMs) on VPA's active metabolites. An LC–MS/MS method for determining VPA and its six metabolites (3‐hydroxy valproic acid, 4‐hydroxy valproic acid, 2‐propyl‐2‐pentenoic acid, 2‐propyl‐4‐pentenoic acid, 3‐keto valproic acid, and 2‐propylglutaric acid) in human serum was established and applied to evaluate the drug–drug interaction with CBPMs in epileptic patients. The stable isotope valproic acid‐d6 was used as an internal standard. Analytes in serum samples (50 μl) were isolated using a Kinetex C18 column (3 × 100 mm, 2.6 μm) and detected via negative electrospray ionization after protein precipitation. It was linear (r > 0.99) over the calibration range for different analytes. The accuracy was 91.44–110.92%, and the precision was less than 9.98%. The matrix effect, recovery, and stability met the acceptance criteria. According to the data collected from 150 epileptic patients, the concentration–dose ratio for VPA and its metabolites decreased with CBPM polytherapy. This method is simple and rapid with great accuracy and precision. It is suitable for routine clinical analysis of VPA and its metabolites in human serum.